bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Competitive Era for China’s Universities
Authors: Fedasiuk Ryan , Omar Loera Martinez Alan , Puglisi Anna
Published: March 2022

This brief illuminates the scale of Chinese government funding for higher education, science, and technology by exploring budget and expense reports for key government organizations and 34 of China’s most elite “Double First Class” universities. Chinese political leaders view elite universities as key components of the country’s military modernization, economic growth, and soft power; a situation that presents security risks for international partners.
Improved Performance, Remote Realization, And Accessibility Inter-American Metrology System (SIM) Time Scale
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Metrología (CENAM), Lopez-Romero Jose Mauricio
Published: March 2022

The time and frequency metrology working group of the Inter-American Metrology System (SIM) maintains a number of time measurement systems that were designed to coordinate frequency control and timekeeping throughout the Americas. These systems compare the national time standards maintained by national metrology institutes (NMIs) in the SIM region. Currently, 19 NMIs participate in the SIM Time Network (SIMTN) and contribute to and/or utilize the SIM Time Scale (SIMT). This paper presents the main features of the SIMT algorithm and provides an evaluation of its recently improved performance. The paper also describes how five SIM NMIs currently maintain rubidium clocks as national time standards that are automatically adjusted to agree with SIMT. The paper concludes by discussing how the SIM frequency and time data can be easily accessed from any Internet device, including mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones.
Resolving Resolution Uncertainty
Authors:   Pantex Metrology, Kuster Mark
Published: March 2022

ANSI/NCSLI Z540.3 redefined the “test uncertainty ratio” measurement quality metric as a ratio of maximum permissible error to measurement process uncertainty. The definition engendered some immediate and lingering controversy. Much of this disagreement stems from inconvenience: Including uncertainty components from the unit under test (UUT) clouds conformance decisions when an instrument’s maximum permissible error (MPE) specification falls near its repeatability or resolution limits. The TUR then apparently loses its value as a simple measurement process validation. Some practitioners view UUT error contributions a simple reality to address in calibration processes, others consider such inclusions, at least in some circumstances, a logical fallacy. Unfortunately, differing opinions also arise between laboratory assessors and, by implication, between accreditation bodies. This paper neutrally reviews the problem from first principles and evaluates the two positions in terms of measurement decision risk. The paper also discusses measurement methods that mitigate the problem.
Calibration And Uncertainty Evaluation of a Zeta Potential Measuring system in CMS/ITRI, Taiwan
Authors:   Center for Measurement Standards (CMS), Yen Yu-shan , Ho Hsin-Chia ,   Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Taiwan
Published: March 2022

Zeta potential is one of the important indicators to address the dispersion stability and toxicity of micro- and nano-materials. Due to the increasing importance in EHS (Environment, Health and Safety) related issues, there is an urgent need to build a standardized measuring system which provides reliable zeta potential values with appropriate traceability. This paper describes the detailed procedure of the calibration and uncertainty evaluation of the zeta potential measurement system in CMS/ITRI, Taiwan. Utilizing a commercial zeta potential analyzer manufactured by Malvern Instruments, the measurements are carried out with the electrophoretic light scattering technique according to “ISO 13099-2 Colloidal systems - methods for zeta potential determination, Part 2: optical methods”.
Secondary organic aerosol formation from camphene oxidation: measurements and modeling
Authors: Li Qi , Jiang Jia , Afreh Isaac K. , Barsanti Kelley C. , Cocker III David R.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. While camphene is one of the dominant monoterpenes
measured in biogenic and pyrogenic emission samples, oxidation of camphene
has not been well-studied in environmental chambers and very little is known
about its potential to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The lack of
chamber-derived SOA data for camphene may lead to significant uncertainties
in predictions of SOA from oxidation of monoterpenes using existing
parameterizations when camphene is a significant contributor to total
monoterpenes. Therefore, to advance the understanding of camphene oxidation
and SOA formation and to improve representation of camphene in air quality
models, a series of experiments was performed in the University of
California Riverside environmental chamber to explore camphene SOA mass
yields and properties across a range of chemical conditions at
atmospherically relevant OH concentrations. The experimental results were
compared with modeling simulations obtained using two chemically detailed
box models: Statewide Air Pollution Research Center (SAPRC) and Generator
for Explicit Chemistry and Kinetics of Organics in the Atmosphere (GECKO-A).
SOA parameterizations were derived from the chamber data using both the
two-product and volatility basis set (VBS) approaches. Experiments performed
with added nitrogen oxides (NOx) resulted in higher SOA mass yields (up
to 64 %) than experiments performed without added NOx (up to 28 %).
In addition, camphene SOA mass yields increased with SOA mass (Mo) at
lower mass loadings, but a threshold was reached at higher mass loadings in
which the SOA mass yields no longer increased with Mo. SAPRC modeling
of the chamber studies suggested that the higher SOA mass yields at higher
initial NOx levels were primarily due to higher production of peroxy
radicals (RO2) and the generation of highly oxygenated organic
molecules (HOMs) formed through unimolecular RO2 reactions. SAPRC
predicted that in the presence of NOx, camphene RO2 reacts with NO
and the resultant RO2 undergoes hydrogen (H)-shift isomerization
reactions; as has been documented previously, such reactions rapidly add
oxygen and lead to products with very low volatility (i.e., HOMs). The end
products formed in the presence of NOx have significantly lower
volatilities, and higher O : C ratios, than those formed by initial camphene
RO2 reacting with hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2) or other RO2.
Further analysis reveals the existence of an extreme NOx regime, wherein
the SOA mass yield can be suppressed again due to high NO / HO2 ratios.
Moreover, particle densities were found to decrease from 1.47 to 1.30 g cm−3 as [HC]0 / [NOx]0 increased and O : C decreased. The
observed differences in SOA mass yields were largely explained by the
gas-phase RO2 chemistry and the competition between RO2+
HO2, RO2+ NO, RO2+ RO2, and RO2 autoxidation
reactions.
Atmospheric measurements at Mt. Tai – Part I: HONO formation and its role in the oxidizing capacity of the upper boundary layer
Authors: Xue Chaoyang , Ye Can , Kleffmann Jörg , Zhang Chenglong , Catoire Valéry , Bao Fengxia , Mellouki Abdelwahid , Xue Likun , Chen Jianmin , Lu Keding , Zhao Yong , Liu Hengde , Guo Zhaoxin , Mu Yujing
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A comprehensive field campaign, with measurements of HONO and related
parameters, was conducted in summer 2018 at the foot (150 m a.s.l.) and the
summit (1534 m a.s.l.) of Mt. Tai (Shandong province, China). At the summit
station, high HONO mixing ratios were observed (mean ± 1σ: 133 ± 106 pptv, maximum: 880 pptv), with a diurnal noontime peak (mean ± 1σ: 133 ± 72 pptv at 12:30 local time). Constraints on
the kinetics of aerosol-derived HONO sources (NO2 uptake on the aerosol
surface and particulate nitrate photolysis) were performed and discussed,
which enables a better understanding of the interaction of HONO and
aerosols, especially in the polluted North China Plain. Various
evidence of air mass transport from the ground to the summit level was
provided. Furthermore, daytime HONO formation from different paths and its
role in radical production were quantified and discussed. We found that the homogeneous reaction NO + OH could only explain 8.0 %
of the daytime HONO formation, resulting in strong unknown sources
(Pun). Campaigned-averaged Pun was about 290 ± 280 pptv h−1, with a maximum of about 1800 pptv h−1. Aerosol-derived HONO
formation mechanisms were not the major sources of Pun at the summit
station. Their contributions to daytime HONO formation varied from
negligible to moderate (similar to NO + OH), depending on the
chemical kinetic parameters used. Coupled with sensitivity tests on the
kinetic parameters used, the NO2 uptake on the aerosol surface and
particulate nitrate photolysis contributed 1.5 %–19 % and 0.6 %–9.6 %
of the observed Pun, respectively. Based on synchronous measurements at
the foot and the summit station, an amount of field evidence was proposed to
support the finding that the remaining majority (70 %–98 %) of Pun was dominated
by the rapid vertical transport from the ground to the summit level and
heterogeneous formation on the mountain surfaces during transport. HONO photolysis at the summit level initialized daytime photochemistry and
still represented an essential OH source in the daytime, with a contribution
of about one-quarter of O3. We provided evidence that ground-derived
HONO played a significant role in the oxidizing capacity of the upper
boundary layer through the enhanced vertical air mass exchange driven by
mountain winds. The follow-up impacts should be considered in regional
chemistry transport models.
A semi-automated procedure for the emitter–receiver geometry characterization of motor-controlled lidars
Authors: Di Paolantonio Marco , Dionisi Davide , Liberti Gian Luigi
Published: March 2022

Abstract. To correctly understand and interpret lidar-acquired
signals and to provide high-quality data, the characterization of the lidar
transmitter–receiver geometry is required. For example, being fundamental to
correctly align lidar systems, this characterization is useful to improve
the efficiency of the alignment procedure. In addition, some applications
(e.g. air quality monitoring) need to quantitatively interpret the
observations even in the range where the overlap between the telescope field
of view and the laser beam is incomplete. This is generally accomplished by
correcting for the overlap function. Within the frame of lidar-based
networks (e.g. ACTRIS/EARLINET, the Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure/European Aerosol Research Lidar
Network), there is a need to define standardized
approaches to deal with lidar geometry issues. The multi-wavelength
multi-telescope Rayleigh–Mie–Raman “9-eyes” system in Rome Tor Vergata,
part of ACTRIS/EARLINET, has the capability, through
computer-controlled servomotors, to change the orientation of the laser beams and the
3D position of the diaphragm of the receiving optical system around the
focal point of the telescopes. Taking advantage of these instrumental design
characteristics an original approach to characterize the dependency of the
acquired signal from the system relative transmitter–receiver geometry (the mapping procedure) was developed. The procedure consists in a set of programs
controlling both the signal acquisition as well as the motor movements. The
approach includes solutions to account for atmospheric and laser power
variability likely to occur during the mapping sessions. The paper describes
in detail the developed procedure and applications such as the optimization
of the telescope/beam alignment and the estimation of the overlap function.
The results of the mapping applied to a single combination of
telescope-laser beam are shown and discussed. The effectiveness of the
mapping-based alignment was successfully verified by comparing the whole
signal profile and the outcome of the telecover test, adopted in EARLINET, for a
manual and a mapping-based alignment. A significant signal increase and
lowering of the full overlap height (from 1500 m to less than 1000 m) was
found. The overlap function was estimated down to 200 m and compared against
the one obtained from a geometric model. The developed procedure
also allowed estimating the absolute and relative tilt of the laser beam. The
mapping approach, even in simplified versions, can be adapted to other
lidars to characterize and align systems with non-motorized receiving
geometry.
Behavior and Mechanisms of Doppler Wind Lidar Error in Varying Stability Regimes
Authors: Robey Rachel , Lundquist Julie K.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Wind lidar are widespread and important tools in atmospheric observations. An intrinsic part of lidar measurement error is due to atmospheric variability in the remote sensing scan volume. This study describes and quantifies the distribution of measurement error due to turbulence in varying atmospheric stability. While the lidar error model is general, we demonstrate the approach using large ensembles of virtual WindcubeV2 lidar performing profiling doppler-beam-swinging (DBS) scans in quasi-stationary large-eddy simulations (LES) of convective and stable boundary layers. Error trends vary with the stability regime, time-averaging of results, and observation height. A systematic analysis of the observation error explains dominant mechanisms and supports the findings of the empirical results. Treating the error under a random variable framework allows for informed predictions about the effect of different configurations or conditions on lidar performance. Convective conditions are most prone to large errors, driven by the large vertical velocities in convective plumes and exacerbated by the high elevation angle of the scanning beams. The violations of the assumption of horizontal homogeneity due to filtered turbulent velocity variances dominate the error variance, with the vertical velocity variations of particular importance. Range gate weighting contributes little to the variability of the error, but induces an underestimating bias into the horizontal velocity near the surface shear layer. Error in the horizontal wind speed and direction computed from wind components is sensitive to the background wind speed but has negligible dependence on the relative orientation of the instrument. Especially during low winds and in the presence of large errors in the u and v velocity estimates, the reported wind speed is subject to a systematic positive bias. Vector time-averaged measurements can improve the behavior of the error distribution with a predictable effectiveness related to the number of decorrelated samples in the time window. The approach in decomposing the error mechanisms with the help of the LES flow field extends to more complex measurement scenarios and scans.
Comparison of the Green-to-desert Sahara transitions between the Holocene and the Last Interglacial
Authors: Li Huan , Renssen Hans , Roche Didier M.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The desertification and vegetation feedbacks of the Green Sahara during the Last Interglacial (LIG) and the Holocene have been investigated by many studies. Yet the abruptness of climate and vegetation changes and their interactions are still under discussion. In this study, we apply an earth system model of intermediate complexity (iLOVECLIM) in combination with two dynamical vegetation models (VECODE and LPJ-GUESS) to simulate climate-vegetation changes during the Holocene and the LIG to compare the patterns of North African vegetation evolutions and mechanisms of their feedbacks during these two interglacials. Our results confirmed the existence of the 'Green Sahara' during the early LIG, which is as an analogue to the 'Green Sahara' during the Holocene. During both interglacials, an overall consistent transition from vegetated Sahara to desert is shown in our results, but the amplitudes of these transitions vary. These simulated Sahara vegetation transitions are nearly linearly related to the summer insolation declines at 20° N, resulting in faster declines of vegetation cover during the LIG than in the Holocene. The decline of vegetation cover peaks at 25 %/ka at around 122 ka BP, while during the Holocene the steepest vegetation cover decline is 10 %/ka at around 6 ka. Our results suggest net positive vegetation feedbacks to climates during the two interglacials. During the early LIG and Holocene, vegetation strengthens precipitation by a factor of 2 to 3 through the vegetation-albedo feedback when the vegetation cover is greater than 60 %. Vegetation cover decreases with declines of the incoming moisture transport by the atmosphere due to the reduced summer insolation at 20° N, weakening the summer monsoon during both interglacials. This desertification is accelerated when the positive vegetation-albedo feedback cannot offset the reduction of precipitation due to a weaker summer monsoon. The impacts of this positive vegetation feedback on precipitation decrease with decreased vegetation cover, during which the impacts of negative vegetation-evaporation feedbacks increase, accelerating the loss of soil moisture and vegetation cover. Overall, the net positive vegetation feedback is strong during the early phases of both interglacials, but the vegetation transition is more abrupt during the LIG than during the Holocene due to the more rapid changes in summer insolation during the LIG. The main difference between the two interglacials is the rate of precipitation change, which is relatively gradual during the Holocene, leading to a more gradual vegetation transition in comparison to the LIG.
Climate Stories: Enabling and sustaining arts interventions in climate science communication
Authors: Woodley Ewan , Barr Stewart , Stott Peter , Thomet Pierrette , Flint Sally , Lovell Fiona , O'Malley Evelyn , Plews Dan , Rapley Chris , Robbins Celia , Pearce Rebecca , Sandover Rebecca
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The climate science community faces a major challenge for communicating the risks associated with climate change within a heavily politicised landscape, characterised by varying degrees of denial, scepticism, distrust in scientific enterprise and an increased prevalence of misinformation (“fake news”). This issue is particularly significant given the reliance on conventional ‘deficit’ communication approaches, which are based on the assumption that scientific information provision will necessarily lead to desired behavioural changes. Indeed, we argue that the constrained orthodoxy of scientific practices in seeking to maintain strict objectivity and political separation imposes very tangible limits on the potential effectiveness of climate scientists for communicating risk in many contemporary settings. To address these challenges, this paper uses insights from a collaboration between UK climate scientists and artist researchers to advocate for a more creative and emotionally attentive approach to climate science engagement and advocacy. In so doing, the paper highlights innovative ways in which climate change communication can be re-imagined through different art forms to enable complex concepts to become knowable, accessible and engaging to wider publics. We demonstrate that in learning to express their work through forms of art, including print-making, theatre and performance, song-writing and creative writing, researchers experienced not only a sense of liberation from the rigid communicative framework operating in their familiar scientific environment, but also a growing self-confidence in their ability and willingness to engage in new ways of expressing their work. As such, we argue that scientific institutions and funding bodies should recognise the potential value of climate scientists engaging in advocacy through art-science collaborations and that these personal investments and contributions to science engagement by individuals should be rewarded and valued alongside conventional scientific outputs.
V3Geo: a cloud-based repository for virtual 3D models in geoscience
Authors: Buckley Simon J. , Howell John A. , Naumann Nicole , Lewis Conor , Chmielewska Magda , Ringdal Kari , Vanbiervliet Joris , Tong Bowei , Mulelid-Tynes Oliver S. , Foster Dylan , Maxwell Gail , Pugsley Jessica
Published: March 2022

Abstract. V3Geo is a cloud-based repository for publishing virtual
3D models in geoscience. The system allows storage, search and visualisation
of mesh models typically acquired using techniques such as photogrammetry
and laser scanning. The platform has been developed to handle models at the
range of scales typically used by geoscientists from microscopic, hand samples and fossils through to outcrop sections or terrain covering metres
to tens of kilometres. The cloud storage system serves the models to a
purpose-built 3D web viewer. Models are tiled to ensure efficient streaming
over the Internet. The web viewer allows 3D models to be interactively explored without the need for specialist software to be installed. A
measurement tool enables users to gauge simple dimensions, such as widths,
thicknesses, and fault throws. V3Geo allows very large models comprising multiple sections and is designed to include additional
interpretation layers. The specific focus on geoscience data is supported by
defined metadata and a classification schema. Public and private storage is available, and public models are assigned Creative Commons licenses to govern content usage. This paper presents V3Geo as a sustainable resource
for the geoscience community, including the motivation and main characteristics and features. Example usage scenarios are highlighted: from undergraduate geology teaching, supporting virtual geoscience education and
preparing virtual field trips based on V3Geo models. Finally, best practice guidelines for preparing 3D model contributions for publication on V3Geo are
included as the Appendix.
A self-sufficient mobile broadband seismological recording system for year-round operation in Antarctica
Authors: Eckstaller Alfons , Asseng Jölund , Lippmann Erich , Franke Steven
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Passive seismic measurements allow the study of the deeper earth beneath the thick Antarctic ice-sheet cover. Due to logistical and weather constraints, only a fraction of the area of the Antarctic ice sheet can be surveyed with long-term or temporary sensors. A fundamental limitation is the power supply and operation of the instruments during the polar winter. In addition, there is only a limited time window during the field seasons to deploy the stations over the year. Here we present a rapidly and simple deployable self-sufficient mobile seismic station concept. The station consists of different energy supply modules aligned according to the survey needs, measuring duration and survey aim. Parts of the concept are integrated into an already existing pool of mobile stations as well as in the seismological network of the geophysical observatory at Neumayer III Station. Other concepts and features are still under development. The overall goal is to use these temporary mobile arrays in regions where little is known about local and regional tectonic earthquake activity.
Seismic risk scenarios for the residential buildings in the Sabana Centro province in Colombia
Authors: Feliciano Dirsa , Arroyo Orlando , Cabrera Tamara , Contreras Diana , Valcárcel Torres Jairo Andrés , Gómez Zapata Juan Camilo
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Colombia is in one of the most active seismic zones on Earth, where the Nazca, Caribbean, and South American plates converge. Approximately 83 % of the national population lives in intermediate to high seismic hazard zones, and a significant part of the country’s building inventory dates from before the nation’s first seismic design code (1984). At present, seismic risk scenarios are available for the major cities of the country, but there is still a need to undertake such studies in other regions. This paper presents a seismic risk scenario for the “Sabana Centro” province, an intermediate hazard zone located close to the country’s capital. An exposure model was created combining information from the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation, surveys, and the national census. Fragility and vulnerability curves were assigned to the building types of the region. A hazard model was developed for the region and eighteen earthquake scenarios with a return period of 475 years were simulated using the OpenQuake (OQ) hazard and risk assessment tool to estimate damage and economic losses. In addition, a social vulnerability index (SVI) based on demographic information was used to assess the direct economic loss in terms of replacement costs. The results show that 18 % of all buildings considered in the region would experience collapse, and 7 % would suffer severe damage. Losses account for 18 % of the total replacement cost of the buildings and represent 15 % of the annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the region.
Regional variability of diatoms in ice cores from the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land, Antarctica
Authors: Tetzner Dieter R. , Allen Claire S. , Thomas Elizabeth R.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The presence of marine microfossils (diatoms) in glacier
ice and ice cores has been documented from numerous sites in Antarctica,
Greenland, as well as from sites in the Andes and the Altai mountains, and
attributed to entrainment and transport by winds. However, their presence
and diversity in snow and ice, especially in polar regions, are not well
documented and still poorly understood. Here we present the first data to
resolve the regional and temporal distribution of diatoms in ice cores,
spanning a 20-year period across four sites in the Antarctic Peninsula and
Ellsworth Land, Antarctica. We assess the regional variability in diatom
composition and abundance at annual and sub-annual resolution across all
four sites. These data corroborate the prevalence of contemporary marine
diatoms in Antarctic Peninsula ice cores, reveal that the timing and amount
of diatoms deposited vary between low- and high-elevation sites, and support
existing evidence that marine diatoms have the potential to yield a novel
palaeoenvironmental proxy for ice cores in Antarctica.
ANALISIS PENGUNAAN BAHAN AJAR MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF DENGAN MODEL DARING PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK DI SD ISLAM AL-AZHAR 21 PONTIANAK
Authors: Kresnadi Hery , Pranata Rio
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis penggunaan bahan ajar multimedia interaktif model online dalam pembelajaran tematik di SD Islam Al-Azhar 21 Pontianak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif karena peneliti ingin mendeskripsikan atau mendeskripsikan fakta atau gejala yang muncul dalam strategi penggunaan bahan ajar multimedia interaktif model online dalam pembelajaran tematik di kelas V SD. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui: (1) teknik dokumentasi untuk menguji strategi penggunaan bahan ajar interaktif dalam pembelajaran tematik; (2) teknik observasi untuk menggali data yang berkaitan dengan setiap aktivitas yang terjadi dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan respon siswa sebesar 85,6%. Dari data tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan produk bahan ajar multimedia interaktif model online dalam pembelajaran tematik di SD Islam Al-Azhar 21 Pontianak pada kategori Sangat Baik.
Hubungan Keikutsertaan Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka dengan Rasa Percaya Diri Siswa Kelas IV MIN 7 Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Kusumawati Desy , Sa`odah  , Magdalena Ina
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keikutsertaan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dengan rasa percaya diri siswa kelas IV MIN 7 Kabupaten Tangerang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif korelasi. Teknik yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, penyebaran angket  dan dokumentasi. Jumlah seluruh populasi adalah 60 siswa kelas IV MI Negeri 7 Kabupaten Tangerang dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple cluster sampling yang ambil sebanyak 30 siswa kelas IV MI Negeri 7 Kabupaten Tangerang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah penyebaran angket yang sebelumnya sudah diuji validitasnya. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan rumus korelasi product moment, yang diawali dengan uji normalitas chi kuadrat dari data yang diperoleh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara keikutsertaan ekstrakurikuler pramuka (X) dengan rasa percaya diri (Y). hal ini terbukti dengan dilakukannya uji korelasi product moment sebesar 0,63 yaitu berarti berada pada interval 0,60-0,799 yang berarti memiliki korelasi tinggi. Untuk uji hipotesis diperoleh data untuk nilai t_hitung sebesar 4,290 sedangkan t_tabel (0,05) sebesar 2,048. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa nilai t_hitung ≥ t_tabel yang berarti H_0 ditolak. Dari hasil penelitian ini terdapat hubungan yang erat antara keikutsertaan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dengan rasa percaya diri siswa.
Peningkatan Pembelajaran PPKN Berbasis Demokratis Dalam Membangun Kesadaran Hukum pada Siswa Kelas X Ipa 5 di SMAN 1 Cibadak
Authors: Pradesa Kohar
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa Kelas X IPA 5 SMA Negeri 1 Cibadak tentang tentang konsep hukum dan kesadaran hukum (X1) melalui pendekatan demokratis (X2) pada pembelajaran PPKn. Metode penelitian yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Class Action Research). Menurut Arikunto (2010:2) “Penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu sebuah kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan dikelas”. Desain penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah desain model Kemmis dan McTaggart. Penelitian ini ditempuh melalui 3 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari (1) Perencanaan (2) Tindakan (3) Observasi (4) Refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA 5 SMA Negeri 1 Cibadak tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 berjumlah 36 orang. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk penelitian yaitu selama 3 bulan dari awal September 2015 sampai akhir November 2017. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar tes berupa pilihan ganda yang terdiri 34 butir soal untuk mengukur pemahaman siswa tentang konsep hukum, dan angket sebanyak 40 butir pertanyaan untuk mengukur sikap kesadaran siswa tentang hukum, serta lembar pengamatan guru dan lembar pengamatan siswa untuk pendekatan demokratis. Instrumen lembar tes telah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas pada taraf signifikan 0,05 %. Penelitian ini dinyatakan berhasil apabila 80% dari jumlah subjek penelitian berhasil mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) Mata Pelajaran PPKn yaitu 78, selain itu pada proses pembelajaran demokratis dan angket siswa mencapai keberhasilan 80%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pembelajaran PPKn dengan menggunakan pendekatan Demokratis dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siwa kelas X IPA 5 SMA Negeri 1 Cibadak tentang konsep hukum dan  kesadaran hukum. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan rata-rata hasil tes yang diberikan setiap siklusnya masing-masing adalah Sikllus I 76,47 atau 44.44%, Siklus II 83,99 atau 86,11% dan Siklus III  90,44 atau 97.22%,  adapun  kriteria angket sikap siswa berkategori Sangat Baik dengan hasil presetase 82%.
Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan pada Pembelajaran di SD Melalui Reward dan Punishment
Authors: Dalfa Ai , Puspitasari Dewi , Agustina Fina , Widiyatul awaliyah Silmi , Adela Dhea
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan pada siswa sekolah dasar. faktor pendukung, dalam proses pelaksanaan peningkatan kedisiplinan terhadap anak sekolah dasar melalui reward dan punishment. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 tahapan dalam pelaksanaannya, yaitu melalui tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Pada tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan pembiasaan yang dilakukan dengan berbagai kegiatan dari pihak sekolah. Faktor pendukungnya adalah kematangan siswa dalam melakukan aktivitas tanpa menunggu perintah dari orang lain. Selain itu juga karena ada beberapa orang tua yang mendukung dan selalu memantau kegiatan siswa dalam melaksanakan pembelajarannya
Nilai Pendidikan Profetik dalam Filantropi Masyarakat Grenden Jember
Authors: Miftakhuddin
Published: March 2022

Selama ini, filantropi tradisional kurang banyak dikaji dalam perspektif ilmu pendidikan, padahal ia berpotensi menjadi rujukan pendidikan karakter berbasis kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginterpretasi nilai-nilai pendidikan dalam filantropi tradisional masyarakat Grenden. Menggunakan desain etnografi yang dilakukan sepanjang 2018-2020, penelitian ini berhasil mengungkap sejumlah nilai pendidikan dari aktivitas filantropis masyarakat golongan petani, penambang gamping, dan nelayan. Analisis lebih lanjut mengungkapkan bahwa landasan filosofis dan pedoman praktis dari filantropi itu didasarkan atas pemahaman religi islam khas kejawen. Temuan penelitian ini berkontribusi kepada pengembangan ilmu pendidikan, terutama pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini menawarkan solusi atas masalah pendidikan karakter yang selama ini harus diselenggarakan dengan menunjukkan role model terlebih dahulu. Oleh sebab itu, implikasi penelitian ini adalah berupa kritik dan koreksi atas penyelenggaraan pendidikan karakter yang tidak berdasarkan nilai-nilai kearifan masyarakat. Termasuk dalam objek kritik penelitian ini adalah dasar-dasar pendidikan karakter yang ditawarkan Thomas Lickona, dan sebagai gantinya penelitian ini mempromosikan nilai pendidikan karakter berbasis kearifan masyarakat Indonesia sebagaimana digaungkan oleh Ki Hadjar Dewantara.
Analisis Problematika Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Pada Kurikulum 2013 Kelas IV SDN Taman Cibodas Kota Tangerang
Authors: Zahra Novfa Rizka
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang artikel ini adalah proses pembelajaran jarak jauh pada kurikulum 2013. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui problematika pembelajaran jarak jauh pada pendekatan saintifik didalam kurikulum 2013 kelas IV. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh pada siswa kelas IV di SDN Taman Cibodas telah berjalan dengan baik. Guru memberikan penugasan dan materi menggunakan aplikasi seperti google meet, zoom meeting, dan Whatsapp grup. Terkait pelaksanaan kurikulum 2013 di kelas IV yaitu penerapan pendekatan saintifik belum dapat dilaksanakan secara optimal, yaitu pada tahap menanya, mengumpulkan informasi dan mengasosiasi. Kendala yang dihadapi adalah masih kurangnya komunikasi multi arah yang diciptakan peserta didik selama pembelajaran berlangsung dan juga harus ada pertemuan dalam pembelajaran, dikarenakan adanya proses ilmiah yang harus diikuti setiap tahapannya. Pendekatan saintifik dilakukan dengan adanya suatu interaksi dalam melihat, mengamati atau berbagai pengalaman yang dilakukan berdasarkan sesuai pembelajaran sehingga membantu peserta didik untuk mengoptimalkan nilai kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor.
ANALISIS PENENTUAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN PT PP LONDON SUMATRA INDONESIA Tbk DALAM RANGKA PROSES AKUISISI OLEH PT INDOFOOD AGRI RESOURCES Ltd
Authors: Fitrina Lestari
Published: March 2022

Bisnis perkebunan merupakan usaha padat modal dan memerlukan waktu yang sangat lama. Saat ini bisnis perkebunan kelapa sawit sedang berada pada keadaan yang sangat baik. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh permintaan CPO pada negara-negara yang sedang berkembang seperti China dan India serta perubahan pola pikir masyarakat tentang energi alternatif seperti biofuel. Untuk memenuhi permintaan pasar terhadap produk kelapa sawit yang terus meningkat, Indoagri sebagai perusahaan agro-industri akan melakukan investasi dengan memperluas lahan dan meningkatkan produksi kelapa sawit dalam waktu yang relatif singkat. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan adalah mengakuisisi perusahaan perkebunan seperti Lonsum. Akuisisi mayoritas saham lonsum dilakukan Indoagri dengan cara memberikan penawaran harga terhadap para pemegang saham Lonsum. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penilaian perusahaan Lonsum dari aspek finansial sehingga didapat nilai wajar untuk pembelian saham secara langsung maupun dengan cara penawaran tender. Metode yang digunakan dalam perhitungan nilai perusahaan Lonsum adalah analisis Discounted Cash Flow (analisis sensitivitas dan analisis skenario), analisis perbandingan (harga pasar), serta analisis perhitungan harga buku. Dari hasil perhitungan didapat rentang harga sebesar Rp 6.878.722.702.669 sampai Rp 9.353.883.823.533 dengan harga saham per lembarnya antara Rp 5.041 sampai Rp 6.855. Harga yang diambil adalah Rp 6.600 per lembar saham untuk saham yang dimiliki pengendali perusahaan dan Rp 6.855 per lembar saham untuk penawaran tender. Harga perusahaan yang disarankan adalah sebesar Rp 9.129.329.751.015. Nilai tersebut harus dikurangi dengan biaya akuisisi sehingga harga perusahaan yang akan diterima Lonsum sebesar Rp 8.136.547.350.884.
Strategi Promosi Aplikasi Motorku Express Berdasarkan Analisis SWOT
Authors: Lusiana Indah , Novitaningtyas Ivo
Published: March 2022

Nowadays digital technology provides benefits for the business development process in a company. Astra Motor Kedungsari Magelang also utilizes digital technology through the Motorku Express application service. This service is a form of appreciation for all Astra Motor Kedungsari Magelang customers. However, not all customers know the usefulness of the Motorku Express application. Therefore Astra Motor Kedungsari Magelang requires a strategy to promote the Motorku Express application to customers in order to increase the effectiveness of the application utilization. This study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the Motorku Express application based on SWOT analysis to formulate a promotion strategy. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that uses interviews, observation, and literature review as a method of data collection. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the formulation of strategies that can be applied is the WO strategy by increasing promotion strategies using mass selling by utilizing social media such as WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, Line, E-mail, radio, television, and Youtube as promotional tools, conducting sales promotion strategies by giving discounts or even free service discounts by using the Motorku Express application for one year specifically to purchase a motorbike at Astra Motor, attend events for promotion, free shipping costs to attract consumers and offers purchasing programs every month.
Aplikasi Manajemen Kinerja Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Efektivitas Mutu Pelayanan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Fajri Puspita Arta , Ikhwan Khairul
Published: March 2022

BPN stands for National Land Agency in the form of a non-ministerial part of the government in Indonesia. BPN has duties in the Land sector. The work concept of the National Land Agency for the Sleman Regency branch holds full rules of fast work, hard work, and sincere work, in fact, it still intersects with a lack of services. BPN Kab. Sleman has problems with service quality. The purpose of this paper is to determine the importance and influence of the role of performance management and the development of information technology systems for the effectiveness of a service. The results, some researchers state that there is a big influence between performance management for the quality of service of a company with an information system that is also implemented.
The Impact of Covid-19 in The Economic Sector of Olongapo in Zambales, Philippines
Authors: Admin-bisnisman Admin-bisnisman , Mobo Froilan Delute , Rahmat Abdul , Pagal Marijoy Samonte
Published: March 2022

Small, local business establishments situated in Olongapo, Zambales, is just one of the many provinces in northern Luzon affected by the COVID-19 crisis.  There are also provinces in Zambales that were immensely affected by the COVID-19, and these have an overwhelming impact on large businesses' revenue worldwide, more so in small locally owned business establishments. Business owners are being compelled to take extreme measures to pursue operations. Thus many are apprehensive about their futures. Unemployment has become widespread while the nation's smallest businesses are at risk of bankruptcy.   During the nationwide Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) imposed by the Duterte administration, all establishments offering services were temporarily suspended, which led to its temporary rapid closure or, even worse, let go of their employees.  For instance, establishments renting inside the Ayala Malls Harborpoint, Hotels in the Barrio Barretto, Olongapo City, and even schools in nearby Zambales were among those affected the smaller the business, the harder the blow.  During the Gradual lifting of the quarantine protocols, the situation briefly changed due to the current pandemic. There is a need to rethink strategies on how to uplift the economy, particularly in the localities.  An online strategy is one way to help our economy, and it must get the boost needed by implementing online businesses and selling and other online services. These would not just benefit. This will help ensure the blending of the technological platforms that may sustain our local economy.  This research will present the dreary effects of COVID-19 in small businesses and study the findings in line with the survey to study and consider solutions to address them.
Strategi Pemasaran Sepeda Pacific di Toko L Makmur
Authors: Wahyu Pamungkas Putro
Published: March 2022

Abstract: This study aims to determine the kinds of marketing strategies used to increase sales of Pacific by the bicycle shop L Makmur. This type of research is conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach. Types and sources of data used in this study are primary data and secondary data, while data collection techniques are carried out by means of interviews and documentation. The data analysis used in this research is qualitative data analysis, referring to narrative analysis and discources analiysis. Based on the research results, it was found that L Makmur bike shop implemented marketing strategies to increase sale of Pacific bicycles with several marketing strategies, namely: 1) Price strategy, by applying competitive prices; 2) Product strategy, by always ensuring the availability of bicycles in the shop is always available; 3) The service strategy, by providing friendly service, can clearly explain the spesification of the bicycle and provide solutions regarding the needs and budgets that suit consumers.
ANALISIS PENENTUAN HAMBATAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DENGAN METODE ALGORITMA K-MEANS CLUSTERING (STUDI KASUS : SMK YASPIM GEGERBITUNG)
Authors: Rohmah Ai
Published: March 2022

Since the increase in Covid-19 in Indonesia, many new policies have been made by the government in prevention efforts. One of them is in the field of education through the Circular of the Ministry of Education and Culture No. 3692/MPK.A/HK/2020 concerning "Online Learning from home in the context of preventing the spread of coronavirus disease (Covid -19)", YASPIM Vocational School as one of the institutions at the lowest level, must respond and obey the circular letter from the Ministry of Education and Culture. According to the principal, namely Mr. Rosad Furqon, S.Ag., M.Pd, the process of online learning activities has not been maximized, especially in supporting learning facilities because the parents of students who attend school in this area are mostly middle-income, so not all students have sufficient supporting equipment. for online learning, in certain areas there are still signal problems, and teachers also complain about the declining achievement of student learning outcomes. To make it easier for schools and the government to take action in an effort to support the process of online teaching and learning activities, it is necessary for researchers to contribute ideas to determine the level of barriers to online learning, which are made into 2 clusters, namely a low cluster and a high cluster. In this study, researchers analyzed the level of barriers to online learning at YASPIM Vocational School by using the k-means clustering algorithm, which is a research field in analysis and data mining. In this algorithm, the grouping technique is based on the similarity of data that does not have any reference (unsupervised). However, it will divide the entire data into groups or have the same resemblance. Basically, this algorithm calculates the distance between each data center and the data center (centroid) to measure the similarity of the data. The results of this study obtained 10 low cluster classes, and 5 high cluster classes on online learning barriers at YASPIM Gegerbitung Vocational School.
OPTIMASI PENGGUNAAN VISKOSITAS PELUMAS, PENYETELAN CELAH KATUP, DAN CELAH ELEKTODA BUSI TERHADAP EMISI GAS BUANG PADA SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Mulyadi  , Nata Yudi
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia tiap tahun bertambah pesat, sebagian besar kendaraan bermotor menghasilkan emisi gas buang yang buruk, baik akibat perawatan yang kurang memadai atau prilaku pengendara yang buruk.Polusi udara yang telah terjadi selama ini sebagian besar disebabkan oleh keberadaan kendaraan bermotor sebagai alat transportasi.Sebagian besar pencemaran udara diakibatkan oleh emisi kendaraan bermotor.Kendaraan bermotor mengeluarkan gas-gas berbahaya yang dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif, baik terhadap kesehatan manusia maupun lingkungan. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksperimental dengan rancangan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode Taguchi dengan variabel penelitian yaitu Optimasi Penggunaan Viskositas Pelumas ,Penyetelan Celah katup dan Celah Elektroda Busi dengan 3 level. Kemudian hasil pengaturan pada ketiga variabel tersebut diamati pengaruhnya yang diharapkan terhadap emisi gas buang yang lebih rendah kadar CO dan HC. Penelitian ini mempergunakan bahan bakar Premium, kemudian diberikan perlakuan penyetelan celah katup in 0,05mm, 0,06mm,0,07mm serta katup ex; 0,10mm, 0,12 mm, 0,13 mm, celah elektroda busi 0,5 mm,0,6 mm,0,7 mm dan Pengunaan pelumas dengan viskositas SAE 10W-30,SAE 10W-40,SAE 20W-50.Pada setiap penyetelan variasi celah katup ,celah elektroda busi dan viskositas pelumas pada masing-masing putaran idle mesin dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik gas buang yang keluar dari kendaraan ke lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada variasi viskositas SAE10-40W,celah katup in:0,7 mm,ex:0,13 dan celah elektroda busi 0,70 mm menghasilkan emisi gas buang yang paling rendah
EKSPLOITASI PEREMPUANDALAM IKLAN MEDIA MASSA
Authors: Setiawati Aan , Pratama Gumilar
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan jaman yang semakin maju membuat segalana lebih mudah dalam mencari sebuah informasi yang selalu update setiap saat. Berbagai infomasi terus menurus ditampilkan oleh media massa, namun herannya semua informasi yang di tampilkan oleh media massa tersebut dominan adalah sosok perempuan dengan ciri khas tertentu, terutama dalam sebuah iklan produk. Banyak sekali iklan produk yang tidak ada sangkut paut dengan jenis produk yang di pasarkan namun sosok ini dijadikan sebagai daya tarik untuk menaikan pemasaran dari produk tersebut.Dengan ada eksploitasi tersebut tidak menutup kemungkinan dapat menimbulkan terjadi sebuah pelecehan terhadap kaum perempuan, oleh karena itu dengan adanya penelitian semoga dapat membuka sedikit kesadaran kita betapa tayangan yang dihadirkan media periklanan tidak lebih baik dari realitas yang sesungguhnya.