bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A theoretical exploration: Zone of Proximal Development as an ethical zone for teaching mathematics
Authors: Abtahi Yasmine
Published: November 2021

For decades, Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) has been utilized as an important theoretical framework for exploring and analysing the concept of learning, but its implications for teachers remain much less explored. In this article, I conceptualise some of the roots of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of learning and, on this basis, I explore the ZPD as an ethical and powerful zone for teaching. Together with providing a thorough description of some key aspects of Vygotsky’s theoretical concepts, the major question stated, What are the ethical responsibilities of teachers to guide students do mathematics that is beyond their independent ability? intends to open up an original line of inquiry. I first give an overview of this learning theory, as it stemmed from Marxism, my means of supporting examples from mathematics education research literature. It follows a discussion on the issue of ethics and responsibility to more explicitly highlight the ethical responsibilities and power of teachers that are implicit in the concept of ZPD.
Uji Efek Imunumodulator Vco (Virgin Coconut Oil) Pada Tikus Jantan
Authors: Sebayang Loraetta Brety , Hasibuan Ahmad Syukur
Published: November 2021

(Article History: Received August 25, 2021; Revised Sept 17, 2021; Accepted Sept 20, 2021) ABSTRAKVirgin coconut oil merupakan minyak kelapa murni.VCO mengandung Medium Chain Fatty Acid (MCFA) yang memiliki pengaruh dalam meningkatkan sistem imunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek imunomodulator VCO terhadap aktivitas fagositosis dan nilai titer antibodi pada tikus jantan. Kelompok uji bersihan karbon dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok dengan masing-masing terdiri dari 5 tikus yaitu kelompok suspensi CMC Na 0,5%, Imboost dosis 30 mg/kgBB, virgin coconut oil 5 ml/KgBB, 10 ml/KgBB,15 ml/KgBB. Perlakuan diberikan sehari sekali selama tujuh hari dan hari ke delapan dilakukan uji imunomodulator dengan metode bersihan karbon. Kelompok perlakuan uji titer antibodi sama seperti di atas selain kontrol positif menggunakan levamisole dosis 25 mg/kgBB diberikan secara oral selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa VCO 5 ml/KgBB, 10 ml/KgBB, 15 ml/KgBB meningkatkan aktivitas fagositosis sel makrofag dibandingkan dengan Na-CMC 0,5% (P<0,05) dan berpengaruh secara signifikan meningkatkan pembentukan antibodi sel imun tikus jantan.Kata Kunci: Virgin coconut oil; imunomodulator; fagositosis; titer antibodi ABSTRACTVirgin coconut oil (VCO) is pure coconut oil. VCO contains Medium Chain Fatty Acid (MCFA) which has an influence increased immune system. This study was to determine the immunomodulatory effect of VCO on phagocytic activity and antibody titer values in male rats.The carbon clearance test group was divided into 5 groups with 5 rats each of 0.5% CMC Na suspension, Imboost dose of 30 mg/kgBW, Virgin coconut oil 5 ml/KgBW, 10 ml/KgBW, 15 ml/KgBW. The treatment was given once a day for seven days, on the eight day immunomodulatory test was performed use carbon clearance method. The antibody titer test treatment group was same, except for the positive control, levamisole at a dose of 25 mg/kgBW orally for 14 days. The results showed that VCO 5 ml/KgBB, 10 ml/KgBB, 15 ml/KgBB significantly increased macrophage cell phagocytic activity compared to 0.5% Na-CMC (P<0.05) and could increase cell antibody formation immunity of male mice significantly.Keywords: Virgin coconut oil; immunomodulator; phagocytosis; antibody titer
Temporal and spatial distribution of bovine tuberculosis outbreaks in Turkey (2005-2020)
Authors: ÇAKIR Şahin , YAKAR Mustafa , KESKİN İpek
Published: November 2021

This research aims to reveal the temporal changes and spatial patterns of Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) in Turkey in the last 16 years using OIE and MoAF data. Considering the zoonotic character and socio-economic impact of the disease, the rapid increase in the number of bTB outbreaks has reached alarming levels recently. As a matter of fact, around 20-fold increase in the number of outbreaks between 2005 and 2020 clearly shows this. In the same period, the compensation payment of approximately 611 million new TL (₺) for 168,244 cattle that were conditionally slaughtered and died due to illness reveals the economic impact of the disease. Also, it is known that human cases are caused by M. bovis, although at a low rate (5.3%). In parallel with the increase in the number of bTB outbreaks, it has spread throughout the country (except for some provinces) geographically. It is important to fight bTB disease effectively, to reduce the risks to public health and the socio-economic losses caused by the disease. For this reason, it is extremely important to monitor the temporal course of the disease outbreaks epidemiologically and to reveal their spatial patterns at various scales. For an effective fight against bTB, it is vital to monitor, analyze, and put into practice the temporal changes and spatial distribution dynamics of all the variables (especially animal movements) of the transmission dynamics in the epidemiology of the disease.
Egy stratégiai szintű hadijáték előkészítésének és levezetésének tapasztalatai
Authors: Harangi-Tóth Zoltán
Published: November 2021

2020 márciusának első hetében a Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem (NKE) egy új, kísérleti jellegű gyakorlat helyszíne volt: a Felsőfokú Vezetőképző Intézet (FVI) hallgatói és érintett oktatói állománya egy olyan (katonai) stratégiai tervezéssel és vezetéssel kapcsolatos foglalkozáson vettek részt, amelynek alapját egy kereskedelmi forgalomban kapható hadijáték, a Next War: Poland képezte. A foglalkozás előkészítése és levezetése különbözött a hagyományos gyakorlatokon megszokottaktól, s célja a jelenleg az egyetemen futó, főleg elméleti kutatások gyakorlatba történő átültetésének és gyakorlati hasznának vizsgálata volt. Jelen publikációban a gyakorlat vezetőségének egyik tagja osztja meg tapasztalatait és ismerteti a résztvevőkkel közösen elvégzett kiértékelés során született eredményeket. A tanulmány szándéka egy szakmai vitákkal szegélyezett folyamat elindítása, amely a Magyar Honvédségben már most is (részben) meglévő hadijátékos tapasztalatra és tudásbázisra épül, s amelynek végeredményeképp a most alkalmazott egyéb tervezési és értékelési eljárásokkal kiegészített, a modern angolszász hadijátékokkal egyenértékű módszertan jöhet létre.
FACTORES ASOCIADOS AL NO CONTROL METABÓLICO EN PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS DE UN PROGRAMA DE CONTROL DE RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR EN UNA EMPRESA PROMOTORA DE SALUD DE BUCARAMANGA.
Authors: Figueroa Pineda Claudia lucía
Published: November 2021

Antecedentes: Se desconoce la prevalencia del no control metabólico en pacientes diabéticos, así como los factores de riesgo asociados a ello en la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico de corte trasversal, que midió la prevalencia de no control metabólico en los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, del programa de promoción y prevención de riesgo cardiovascular de una Empresa Promotora de Salud de Bucaramanga; el no control metabólico se midió a través de la hemoglobina glicosilada (mayor de 7.0%). Se estimaron los efectos de las variables evaluadas (personales, clínicas y de percepción de la atención) por medio de razones de prevalencia (RP) y un modelo multivariable a través del modelo log binomial. Resultados: se incluyeron 484 pacientes, de los cuales 407 tuvieron registro de Hb A1c durante los 3 meses previos al estudio. La prevalencia del no control metabólico fue del 65%. Las variables asociadas con éste desenlace con p < de 0.05, fueron: antecedente de dislipidemia: RP 1,14 (IC 1.00-1.32), no adherencia a los fármacos: RP 1,6 (IC 1.01-1.34), tener entre 50 y 65 años: RP 1,16 (IC 1.01-1.34), consumir más de seis tabletas al día: RP 1,22 (IC 1.06-1.41), estar desempleado: RP1,38 (IC 1.09-1.76), asistir acompañado a veces a la consulta: RP 1,29 (IC 1.08-1.53), uso de fármacos para gástritis: RP 1.24 (IC 95% 1.07-1.42), diabetes de más de 10 años de duración: RP 1,35 (IC 95% 1.08-1.42), más de dos tabletas de hipoglicemiantes al día: RP 1,29 (IC 1.12-1.48), y uso de insulina: RP 1.29 (IC 95% 1.12-1.47). Las variables o factores que se incluyeron en el modelo multivariable final fueron: uso inadecuado de fármacos, uso fármacos para la gastritis, uso de insulina, diabetes de más de diez años de duración y no cumplimiento de la dieta. Conclusiones: se encontró un alto nivel de pacientes diabéticos con no control metabólico, asociado a factores relacionados con la enfermedad como duración de la diabetes, fármacos, dieta e insulina; y de carácter personal, bajo apoyo familiar, falta de soporte económico y estar desempleado. Datos similares a los hallados en otras ciudades.
Italy in times of protest and negative voting: An introduction
Authors: Garzia Diego , Passarelli Gianluca
Published: November 2021

The classic heuristics of voting behaviour have been eroded overtime especially in well-established democracies. Ideology, party identification, and social class have been gradually replaced by short-period factors. In particular, the personalization has represented an innovative variable that significantly contributes to explain voting behaviour. Cross-pressures between party identification, candidate assessments and issue preferences paved the way to the diffusion of protest voting, both against the élite and the system. In this respect, Italy represents a very interesting case from both a theoretical and an empirical point view considering the presence of protest parties and the important diffusion of anti-system movements which surfed the protest to consolidate their positions. The editors conceived this special issue aiming at analysing and measuring the impact of protest/negative voting in Italy between 2016 and 2020, a period in which protest parties and voters’ discontent have significantly increased. Data presented by the different papers confirm, albeit under different perspectives, the relevance of this peculiar form of political behaviour.
Implementation Gaps in Human Resource Performance Management Practices in the Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe.
Authors:   University of Johanensburg, Vyas-Doorgapersad Shikha , Chiware Mervis ,   University of Johanensburg
Published: November 2021

Any performance management (PM) practice implemented by an organisation has a direct impact on organisational performance and development; this paper therefore discusses challenges based on primary and secondary research findings, with the aim to explore how these findings correlate with how the successful implementation of PM practices is perceived and applied in the Ministry of Health and Child Care (MOHCC) in Zimbabwe. A qualitative research approach was used to collect data. The findings confirm that the implementation of PM has been marred by various challenges, which have, in turn, greatly affected performance results. Challenges identified by this study were, and continue to be, experienced at different levels of PM implementation strategies (e.g., at the formulation stage versus the implementation stage), and hence may hinder the effective implementation of PM practices in the MOHCC. The paper offers recommendations for consideration at political, policy, organisational, departmental, individual, and stakeholder levels.
Can National Development Thrive Without Local Government’s Constructive Input? Outlook of Nigeria, with Lessons for Africa
Authors:   North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Taire Paul Okudolo Ikemefuna , BENJAMIN BREAKFAST NTSIKELELO ,   Nelson Mandela University, MEKOA ITUMELENG ,   North-West University
Published: November 2021

Satisfactory nationwide development without constructive local governments’ input is mutually exclusive. Meaning that institution of effectual local administrations not to produce deleterious interaction-effect of development is essential. This paper evaluates published articles between 2010 and 2020 on Nigerian context to comprehend what undermines impactful local governments’ participation in national development to pinpoint lessons for African nations. It addresses the question of how abject local government in place do not support its positive involvement in overall national development. The intrinsic purpose of local government according to the classical theory’s logic is the paper’s theoretical foundation. Deriving from a literature review methodology, the paper proffers reform agendas to enhance optimal efficacy of local administrations in the intergovernmental relations schemes for development in Africa from literature insights of the Nigerian situation. The analysis parallel the three thematic codes evolved from the classical theory’s justification of local government: optimization of local governance, enhancement of local democracy, and facilitation of efficient local services delivery. It observes that implementation of ineffectual decentralization policies and lack of local autonomy are critical factors undermining optimum development in Nigeria, viz African countries. Whereas, decentralization and local autonomy accentuates the centrality of local government in the national developmental trajectory.
Governance failure and the formation of Anti-State Organisations: The Impact of the Amnesty Policy on the Development of Nigeria’s Niger-Delta, Nigeria
Authors:   North West University, South Africa, SAMUEL CHUKWUDI AGUNYAI , VICTOR OJAKOROTU ,   North West University, South Africa
Published: November 2021

The Amnesty policy was devised by the Nigerian government to take-off militants from attacking oil pipelines in Niger-Delta. This was with the view to promoting development in the region. While studies have examined the influence of the Amnesty policy on the empowerment of repentant militants, little is known about how governance failure in the implementation of the policy provokes the formation of anti-state organizations and its contributions to development in the region. This research addresses this gap by examining the role of the Nigerian government in the implementation of the amnesty policy, and identify, if any, failure in the implementation of the policy, provokes the resurgence of anti-state organizations in the region. The study used a qualitative research design and findings indicated that the formation of the Niger-Delta Avengers; an anti-state organisation, was due to the government's inaction to effectively implement the amnesty policy as expected. Furthermore, results showed that the Nigerian government was more interested in protecting its oil pipelines and wells than the development of the area. The paper concludes that the Amnesty policy is a conduit pipe for corruption by successive representatives of Nigerian government.
Pembingkaian Rivalitas Persija VS Persib (Analisis Framing Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicky Di Media Online Bolasport.Com Pra-Pasca Pandemi Covid-19)
Authors: Handoko Nasario Wahyu , Juwito Juwito
Published: November 2021

Pemberitaan di media saat ini menjadi konsumsi literasi masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, apabila media massa memberitakan sesuatu yang memihak, maka akan menjadikan gejolak di masyarakat. Seperti pada klub sepakbola Persija dan Persib yang memiliki supporter dengan rivalitas tinggi sejak dahulu. Tidak sedikit korban yang ditimbulkan dari adanya permusuhan ini. Peran media massa dalam memberitakan sangat penting. apabila salah menulis berita, tentunya akan menyebabkan permusuhan maka dari itu media online harus selektif. Jika media memberitakan kedua klub tersebut secara tidak berimbang, maka akan menyebabkan rivalitas tak berujung. Penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis framing Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicky. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah Bolasport.com memiliki konstruksi yang tendensius dengan memihak Persija, terbukti dari penekanan pada setiap berita yang sering kali menyudutkan Persib. Dalam hal ini, Persija seringkali dibingkai sebagai tim yang lebih kuat dari Persib, begitu juga sebaliknya.
Penggunaan Metode Decision Tree untuk Mendeteksi Keterlambatan Masa Studi Mahasiswa Diperguruan Tinggi Brebes
Authors: Ramdhan Nur Ariesanto , Khamid Abdul
Published: November 2021

Keberhasilan masa studi dalam pengelolaan suatu akademik diperguruan Tinggi salah satu diantaranya adalah ketepatan mahasiswa dalam menempuh studinya. Masih banyaknya mahasiswa yang tidak lulus tepat waktu merupakan masalah yang serius bagi suatu perguruan tinggi. Mengetahui permasalahan itu diperlukan pengolahan data akademik untuk mendapatkan pola atau pengetahuannya untuk mengambil suatu keputusan. Melalui Educational Data Mining (EDM) merupakan penerapan metode Datamining dalam menganalisis data yang tersedia dan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu pendekatan yang dapat dilakukan. Melalui data akademik kelulusan pada mahasiswa Program Studi Teknik Sipil Universitas Muhadi Setiabudi dapat diperoleh suatu pohon keputusan beserta aturannya untuk dapat memprediksi masa studi mahasiswa, data yang digunakan untuk merancang pohon keputusan ini terdiri dari 1 special atribut (atribut kelulusan) dan 12 atribut regular (JK, status kerja, umur, IPS1, IPS2, IPS3, IPS4, IPS5, IPS6, IPS7, IPS8, IPK). Dalam membuat analisa data menggunakan Algoritma C4.5 dengan menggunakan 77 sampel, dari hasil yang didapatkan terlihat bahwa model keputusan dengan siswa yang dalam lulus tepat waktu adalah mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat nilai akurasi sebanyak 98.00%, dengan presisi terlambat 95.45% dan tepat 100%, Class recall terlambat 100%, dan recall tepat 96.55%. Pengujian dengan rapidminer terbukti efektif dan fleksibel dengan hasil perhitungan yang tepat.
Municipal reform in Ukraine: a doctrinal approach to determining the components of system implementation blocks
Authors: Hwan Ruslan
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to study doctrinal approaches to determining the components of system blocks – sections of muni -cipal reform in Ukraine in the context of their implementation.It is argued that the process of municipal reform has been carried out in Ukraine for many years and is characterized by the participationof a wide range of participants, from public authorities to institutional structures of civil society and international intergo -vernmental organizations that develop individually or collectively relevant municipal reform projects. goals, methods and forms ofimplementation, their priority and level of organizational and organizational and legal support and provision.It is argued that, on the one hand, a large number of concepts and program regulations of municipal reform contributes to slowingdown its pace and difficulties in choosing a national system of EOM, and on the other – demonstrates, concretizes, details the position of participants in municipal reform, appropriate methods and means of its implementation, and what is the main subject of this article –system blocks – sections of municipal reform concerning the legislative support of local government, the formation of real legal personalityof territorial communities, the formation of its own competence of local governments, improvement mechanisms of local protectionof human rights and freedoms (individual) at the local level of society, the final formation of the territorial organization of power,etc.
Nature financial and legal regulation of medical service of National Police employees
Authors: Strelchenko Oksana , Bukhtiyarov Alexey , Bulyk Iryna
Published: November 2021

Health is the greatest social and individual value, a priority criterion of socio-economic development of the country, and alsolargely determines the state of social well-being of citizens. The creation of departmental medicine in the system of the Ministry ofInternal Affairs was due to the need to perform a number of special tasks, including: medical and psychophysiological examination,medical support of operational and service activities of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. It should also be notedthat medical relations exist not only in the sphere of activity of health care institutions subordinated to the Ministry of Health ofUkraine, but also departmental ones, in particular those within the sphere of management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.Such facilities provide medical services to the appropriate categories of persons who have the right to be served in them, including thepolice. The activities of bodies and units of the National Police to generate their own revenues are not only a socially oriented way toattract additional financial resources to ensure the effective implementation of these units of state functions, but also solves a numberof current issues of social protection of police: the state must create conditions providing police. At the present stage of state formation,according to the current legislation, there is a network of departmental health care facilities, which are maintained at the expense ofbudget funds. Such a network includes, along with clinics and hospitals, and health facilities (boarding houses, medical rehabilitationcenters, recreation centers, etc.), cultural and sports organizations. In this context, the social protection of police officers should be consideredin a broad sense, including a number of important components that are directly related to the provision of money. The issue ofthe widespread perception of social protection includes health care, as the provision of the latter undoubtedly allows to obtain a pronouncedsocial effect. Medical support of police officers has a clear social orientation, this is what the functioning of departmentalmedi cine of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is aimed at.
The mechanism of administrative and legal support of human cybersecurity: concept and basic elements
Authors: Pleskach Mariia
Published: November 2021

This research presents the result of the mechanism theoretical modeling of administrative and legal support of human cybersecurity.Author attempt to determine the concept and basic elements of human cybersecurity administrative and legal support.Such a definition of the mechanism of administrative and legal support of cyber security as a unity of a complex system of legal,organizational, ideological, technical and other measures of influence carried out by authorized subjects of public administration onpublic relations arising during the use of cyberspace, in order to streamline them, as well as to ensure the protection and defense of vitalhuman interests, rights and freedoms is proposed.Such elements as regulatory principles (principles of law, rule of law); object of administrative and legal support of human cybersecurity(legal relationships, their types, structure and features of realization); subjects of administrative and legal support of humancyber security; instrumentality of administrative and legal support of human cyber have been highlighted.The author outlines possible directions for improving the national mechanism of administrative and legal support of human cybersecurity.The mechanism of administrative and legal support of cyber security is characterized by dynamism due to the specifics of thelegal regulation subject. Therefore, it should take into account the peculiarities of society, science and technology, in order to be effectiveand able to protect important human interests, rights and freedoms in cyberspace.The problem of implementing methods to encourage and stimulate the sphere of human cybersecurity requires special attention.In order to improve the mechanism of administrative and legal support of human cyber security, rules should be added to the le -gis lation of Ukraine, which would contain the procedure for the use of moral and material incentives to ensure the functioning and useof cyberspace.Public administration efforts should also be aimed at stimulating cybersecurity, which will help build the capacity of this sphere.They can use methods such as opening grant programs; providing additional funding to private subjects. It would also be appropriateto apply certain benefits or to determine the procedure for full or partial compensation of educational services for persons who haveundergone appropriate training in order to increase the level of knowledge in the sphere of cybersecurity, etc.
Outsourcing and outstaffing: essence and practice of implementation
Authors: Tsyganchuk Nataliia , Liashenko Ruslana , Kaleniuk Viktoriia
Published: November 2021

Outsourcing and outstaffing are relevant constructions in the economic system of any state, which requires proper legislativeregu lation of this issue. Their peculiarity lies in the specific forms of labor relations between customers of certain services and performers.So far, this issue is not properly regulated at the legislative level in Ukraine, as a result of which business entities are forced to turnto the general rules of law.Today, the use of outsourcing and outstaffing is quite popular in business. As a rule, such concepts are used in cases when it comesto staff involvement, in particular, in the IT sector, the provision of cleaning services, maintenance and more.The article considers the essence of outsourcing and outstaffing, as well as their legal regulation in Ukraine. Additionally, attentionis paid to the practical aspects of these categories, their main features and characteristics are identified. According to the results ofthe study, the most optimal form of staff involvement was determined. Thus, the optimal form of staff involvement follows directlyfrom the needs of the customer, because to obtain the finished result is logical to use the model of outsourcing, and for long-term performanceof certain functions – outstaffing. If the business entity needs to involve qualified specialists to perform certain functions ona permanent basis or for a long time, it is outstaffing, and if the customer needs to get a ready-made result – outsourcing.Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the issue of outsourcing and outstaffing in Ukraine needs to be properlyregulated, which fully meets modern requirements. In order to eliminate this problem, there is a need to take the following measures:1) ratification by Ukraine of the Convention on Private Agencies of July 19, 1997; 2) making appropriate changes to the norms of theCivil and Commercial Codes of Ukraine, as well as the Labor Code of Ukraine; 3) development and adoption of the Law of Ukraine«On outsourcing and outstaffing companies».
Unauthorized medical intervention and informed consent in the common law of Canada prior to the Supreme Court’s decision of Reibl v. Hughes (1899–1980)
Authors: Lytvynenko Anatoliy
Published: November 2021

The given article deals with the Canadian legacy of civil actions on negligence and technical assault or battery involving an unauthorizedmedical interference to plaintiff. In modern doctrine and case-law, the given concept is named “informed consent”, upon whichthe patient is not a mere subject of medical treatment, but has a substantial set of patient rights, involving the informational ones, whichincludes his right to be informed on further invasive treatment and thus to be able to assent or decline it. The doctrine of informed consent,arising from actions on unauthorized medical treatment in both common law and civil law jurisdictions, has a centuryfold historyin the jurisprudence. In the common-law world, it was bred in the end of the 19th century primarily in the jurisprudence of Americancourts, but still has its distinct peculiarities in the common law of Canada throughout the twentieth century. The span on the researchedjurisprudence embraces the time period of 1899 (judgment of Parnell, which was the first case to deal with the subject) to 1980 (caseof Reibl v. Hughes), where the Canadian Supreme Court has firmly recognized the principle of informed consent in the acting commonlaw. In the 1990s, the principles of informed consent had been codified. The author has investigated on the evolvement of the conceptof patient’s right to autonomy in the state from the very beginning to the judgment of Reibl v. Hughes in 1980, and has researched theroots of the “right to autonomy” as an extension of the right to privacy, which has penumbrally existed in Canadian jurisprudence forover a century, despite having been recognized as such relatively recently, despite an existence of various early case-law legacy. Apartfrom the abovesaid, the author aimed to define the authorities used by Canadian courts in the earlier cases dealing with unconsentedsurgery, which involves judgments from other jurisdictions as well as professional legal and medical textbooks.
About corruption in the private sector
Authors: Holovkin Bohdan
Published: November 2021

The article considers the problem of corruption in the private sector of Ukraine’s economy. According to the World Research ofEconomic Crimes and Fraud 2020, 47 % of Ukrainian companies have suffered from illegal misappropriation, bribery and corruptionin the last 24 months. Despite the serious damage from corruption to business and the national economy, this problem remains poorlyunderstood in Ukraine.Corruption in the private sector exists in two forms: 1) bribery in the commercial interests of officials and employees of privatesector entities, as well as civil servants or persons providing public services; 2) abuse of power by officials of a legal entity of privatelaw and persons who provide public services in order to obtain illicit benefit for themselves or third parties.For commercial bribery (bribery in commercial intersets) are characterized by the following features: a) commercial interest andeconomic purpose; b) various subjects of “active” and “passive” actions related to bribery; c) illicit benefit as a means to an end; d) thepurpose of bribery to incline a person to certain actions or omissions related to the use of the powers granted in the interests of others;e) intentional criminal acts in the form of providing / receiving illicit benefits in exchange for pre-determined actions or omissions;f) various ways of committing bribery for commercial purposes.Commercial bribery takes the form of an informal business agreement, the content of which is the mutual obligations of the parties,determining the type, amount of illicit gain and the specific conditions of its provision / receipt. The subject of bribery is an illicitbenefit. Subjects of commercial bribery are divided into two types: active (providers of illicit benefits) and passive (recipients of illicitbenefits). The appointment of commercial bribery is the legal or illegal promotion of entrepreneurial activity, or the creation of conditionsor concealment of criminal activity of businessmen. The purposes of commercial bribery are commercial or banking secrecy,insider information, documents, decisions, services, power influence. Commercial bribery is committed within two types ofrelationships: business-business and business-power.Abuse of power by leaders and managers of private firms is carried out for the purpose of theft or misappropriation of companyproperty, or seizure of assets.Corruption in business is used as a tool to gain access to material resources, increase business profitability and gain illegal economicbenefits. Through organized corruption, the control of the market of goods and services, management of shadow financial flows,redistribution of assets and revenues of large, small and medium-sized businesses, the impact on economic policy of state. Corruptionin the private sector is one of the main obstacles to sustainable development and economic growth and poses a threat to Ukraine’snational security.
Correspondence Between Vegetation Patterns and Soils in Wet and Wet-mesic Grasslands of Hanság and Tóköz (Hungary)
Authors: Haszonits Győző , Heilig Dávid
Published: November 2021

Our research focused on the causes responsible for the fine mosaic pattern of plant associations on wet and wet-mesic meadows. The study area is located in the Little Hungarian Plain, including the former swamp basins of Hanság and Tóköz in Hungary. The vegetation survey data were evaluated by statistical methods (TWINSPAN method), and vegetation maps of the areas were prepared. Topsoil samples near the relevés were gathered for further laboratory tests. Soil profiles were opened by a Pürckhauer soil sampler for on-site description of the soil horizons and classification. Surface models provided a base for the preparation of contour maps that could be compared with the vegetation pattern. We found that of the two dominant vegetation types, mesotrophic wet meadows were associated with Mollic Gleysols, while non-tussock sedge beds were associated with Histic Gleysols. At the transitions of the two soil classes, the subgroup of non-tussock sedge beds is the dominant type. The soil class only determined the plant association on a habitat level, but it could not reason the fine pattern of the plant communities on the same soil class. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed to investigate the relationship between the distribution of dominant species and soil parameters. Several soil parameters combined have a significant effect on the distribution of dominant species. In conclusion, we found that the formation of association types strongly depends on the soil characteristics of the area, and that it is closely related to it. However, in the formation of the fine mosaic pattern, the driving ecological factors are the microrelief and the length of the saturated or flooded soil conditions.
Education and Behavioural Barriers for Menstrual Health Communication between Parent and Adolescent Girls
Authors: K G Suma
Published: November 2021

This study is an empirical attempt to understand parental communication about bleeding, first period and dysmenorrhea with adolescent girls. It examines the barriers of communication from the adolescent girls' perspective. The study was conducted in a couple of taluks of ballari district, i.e., Sandur and Hospet. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a descriptive research design was adopted. The data was gathered using the interview schedule from 260 adolescent girls adopting a random sampling method. The findings of the study reveal that the mean age of the adolescent girls was 15.34 years. It was found that the parents' behaviour and educational level impact communication with adolescent girls with reference to bleeding, first period and dysmenorrhea. The Chi-Square test has been done to assess the relationship between communicational barriers and education. The ANOVA test has been applied to understand the relationship between parents' behaviour, educational level and communication barriers.
New Inscriptions from Smyrna
Authors: ERSOY Akin , TEKOĞLU Şeyhmus Recai
Published: November 2021

The latest corpus of the inscriptions from Smyrna was published by Georg Petzl in Die Inschriften von Smyrna, Teil II,2: Addenda, Corrigenda und Indices, in series of Inschriften griechische Städte aus Kleinasien, volume 24,2, Bonn: Dr. Rudolf Habelt, in 1990. New inscriptions from Smyrna after Petzl’s corpus have not been collected as addenda. In the present article it is aimed to make an addition to the corpus with the presentation of 14 inscriptions and fragments newly found during the excavations of the agora and theatre of Smyrna conducted by associate professor Akın Ersoy from İzmir Katip Çelebi University since 2007. Some inscriptions discovered around the agora and theatre, mainly at Kadifekale, but not belonging to the excavation area were also included to the study as an epigraphic material of ancient Smyrna. The inscriptions unearthed in the agora of Smyrna are mostly spolia used in the construction of different buildings over two millennia as it was occupied till to modern years. There are only three complete inscriptions and they are funeral. The rest of the inscriptions are very fragmentary. The group of the inscriptions found in the excavation of the theatre of Smyrna are subject of interest for the use and construction phases of the theatre. On a cornice piece composed of two lines the names of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus and his son Caracalla as Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Pius were identified. Two inscriptions found on the blocks of room walls in the 1st floor of the stage building are recorded to show places of actors. One of them records instruments of Bassus and children of Thessaloniki. The other belongs to a mimologus with the name of Iulius who is attested as mimologus Iulius in a funerary inscription from Smyrna. On two blocks found above the proskenion a certain Eustochius is defined as magnificentissimus, illustris and father possibly for the father of the city.
INFLUENCE OF STATE AND QUALITY FACTORS OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE EXPECTED DURATION OF A HEALTHY LIFE
Authors: Melnikova T. , Gladysh E.
Published: November 2021

In the article, on the basis of data on the regions of Russia, as well as using the methodology of multivariate regression analysis, models of the relationship between natural factors and self-assessment of health are formed. The influence of the following factors is present to varying degrees: greening of urban areas, water quality, prevalence of natural areas, level of air pollution, urbanization. First of all, a change can be observed in the part of the transition of self-perception of the state of health of the population from assessments of «bad» and “satisfactory” to the better.
LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE OF THE WESTERN COAST OF SEVASTOPOL
Authors: Pankeeva Т. V. , Mironova N. V.
Published: November 2021

The information about the landscape structure of the western coast of Sevastopol. Landscape studies (summer 2020) were conducted by detailed study of key sites using landscape profiling. In the landscape structure of the study area identified 8 bottom natural complexes (BCN). The capes at a depth of 0.5-5 m are characterized by underwater slope landscapes with boulder and boulder heaps and bedrock outcrops dominated by Carpodesmia crinita and Treptacantha barbata. Between the capes at these depths, underwater slope landscapes formed by sandy sediments, devoid of benthic vegetation, where individual clumps are also dominated by Carpodesmia crinita and Treptacantha barbata. An underwater coastal slope composed of coarse-clastic sediments dominated by Treptacantha barbata, and with alternating pebble-gravel with battered shell sediments dominated by Phyllophora crispa, was recorded at a depth of 5–10 m. A weakly sloping plain composed of gravel-sandy sediments with broken shells, dominated by Phyllophora crispa, can be traced at a depth of 10–15 m. The formation of its landscape structure is influenced by both the natural features of the coastal zone and economic activities in the adjacent territory.
Two dynamic modes to streamline challenging atomic force microscopy measurements
Authors: Temiryazev Alexei G , Krayev Andrey V , Temiryazeva Marina P
Published: November 2021

The quality of topographic images obtained using atomic force microscopy strongly depends on the accuracy of the choice of scanning parameters. When using the most common scanning method – semicontact amplitude modulation (tapping) mode, the choice of scanning parameters is quite complicated, since it requires taking into account many factors and finding the optimal balance between them. A researcher’s task can be significantly simplified by introducing new scanning techniques. Two such techniques are described: vertical and dissipation modes. Significantly simplified and formalized choice of the imaging parameters in these modes allows addressing a wide range of formerly challenging tasks – from scanning rough samples with high aspect ratio features to molecular resolution imaging.
DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED MODEL BASED ON NAÏVEBAYES AND DECISION TREE ALGORITHMS IN THE EARLY DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIAC DISEASES
Authors: Gupta Ishaan
Published: November 2021

The extraction of concealed information from the enormous data sets is information
mining, and it is otherwise called Knowledge Discovery Mining. It has many
assignments. One of them utilized here is prescient errands that use a few factors to
foresee obscure or future upsides of another dataset. The significant medical issue that
influences countless individuals is a coronary illness. Except if it is treated at a
beginning phase, it causes demise. Today, the Healthcare business creates an enormous
measure of perplexing information about the patients and assets of the emergency
clinics, from a period where there has been no good spotlight on compelling
examination instruments to find connections in communication, particularly in the
clinical area. The methods of mining information are utilized to examine rich
assortments of details according to alternate points of view and infer useful data to
foster analysis and anticipating frameworks for coronary illness dependent on prescient
mining. Various preliminaries are taken up to look at the exhibitions of different
information mining procedures, including Decision trees and Naïve Bayes calculations.
As proposed, the peril factors are pondered, Decision trees and Naïve Bayes are applied,
and the show of their finding have been investigated by the UCI Machine Learning
Repository I,e WEKA instrument. Thusly, the Naïve Bayes beats the Decision tree.
ARTIFICIAL BLOOD: AN ACCOUNT OF HBOC AND PFC APPROACHES
Authors: Misra Aditya , Thukral Vandana
Published: November 2021

In the field of medicine, artificial blood is an innovative concept, where specially
designed compounds are developed to perform the task of transport and delivery of
oxygen. Hence, it can potentially replace the function of allogenic human blood
transfusion.
Several molecules have been developed using several approaches. However, with
continuous refinements in the past few decades, the ideal blood substitute would likely
be Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carrier. The benefits of HBOCs are tremendous, as they
do not require compatibility testing or tissue matching, are non-pathogenic, have a long
shelf life, and can even be stored at room temperature.
The advent of artificial blood is projected to have a remarkable impact on medical care
in the future. While it will complement blood transfusion safely, it will also create a
stable supply of effective products. It is likely to reduce the requirements of blood
transfusions drastically in settings of surgery, trauma, or warfare.
The Role of Green Kaizen in Productivity Enhancement
Authors: Salloom Rafal Shakir , Sorour Prof. Dr. Manal Jabbar
Published: November 2021

The world is moving towards greening business in general and production systems in
particular. At the same time, economic units seek to enhance their productivity and find any
variables that can contribute to improving their elements. Economic units should not ignore
the green dimension of cost management techniques because of its role in containing the
green dimension of the production system and the product. However the few researches dealt
with the subject of the green kaizen showed its role in reducing costs and improving the
environment. Those researches did not address its contribution to raising the level of
productivity. Productivity is an important indicator of economic units that expresses their
level of success and progress, and they need new dimensions such as the green dimension to
raise their levels. Here the research shows that Green Kaizen works to reduce the amount of
waste, reduce costs, and improve the environmental aspects of the production system, which
enhances the system's input of materials and energies and increases good output. The
research aims to present the theoretical dimensions of the variables, link them in an analytical
method, and explain the relationship between them. The research provides an opportunity for
future research to apply green kaizen in many industrial or service fields and to use other
tools to support continuous environmental improvements.
Legal aspects of protection of restricted information in Ukraine
Authors: KOVALOV K.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the circulation of restricted information. The problems related to the circulation of restricted information in Ukraine are studied, and the international experience in the field of information resources protection is analyzed.
Dialectics of civil-military relations
Authors: YASHCHENKO V.
Published: November 2021

The proposed article provides a critical analysis of approaches to understanding civil-military relations not only as a control factor, but also a broader social phenomenon. It was found that the latter serves as a kind of social integrative factor in the field of security and defense of Ukraine. The problem is covered through the prism of dialectical categories of content and form, essence and manifestations, general and separate, unity and difference of civil and military relations, etc. The author does not limit himself to stating the existing achievements in the formation of these relations, but raises the question of their further fruitful development in the legal system of Ukraine.
COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability and Hesitancy in Africa: Implications for Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Mudenda Steward
Published: November 2021

Background: Increased acceptance and uptake of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines is very essential in containing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy is a threat to public health containment of infectious diseases. Aim: The main aim of this study was to review published articles regarding COVID-19 vaccine acceptability and hesitancy across all populations in Africa. Materials and methods: This was a narrative review. A comprehensive literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE using the keywords vaccine acceptability, vaccine hesitancy, COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 pandemic, H1N1 vaccine, swine flu, swine flu vaccine, Africa, and the Boolean word AND. The cited literature was published between March 2001 and June 2021. Results: The few studies were done in Africa so far are among healthcare workers and medical students. Acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19 in Africa ranged from 15.4% to 55.9%. This shows increased hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccines in African countries. Many people were concerned about the potential adverse effects and ineffectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. Misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccines has contributed to the hesitancy reported from different studies. Moreover, sociodemographic characteristics were also predictors of the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: Low acceptability rates reported in Africa indicates increased hesitancy to vaccination against COVID-19. The low acceptance of vaccines in Africa can hinder the required 60-70% vaccinations to achieve herd immunity. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies that will address hesitancy against the COVID-19 vaccines across countries and populations in Africa and the entire globe.