bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of a decision aid on the choice of pregnant women whether to have epidural anesthesia or not during labor
Authors: Shishido Eri , Osaka Wakako , Henna Ayame , Motomura Yuko , Horiuchi Shigeko
Published: November 2020

Objective

Decision aids (DAs) are useful in providing information for decision-making on using epidural anesthesia during birth. To date, there has been little development of DAs for Japanese pregnant women. Herein, we investigated the effect of a DA on the decision of pregnant women whether to have epidural anesthesia or not for labor during vaginal delivery. The primary outcome was changes in mean decision conflict score.

Methods

In this non-randomized controlled trial, 300 low-risk pregnant women in an urban hospital were recruited by purposive sampling and assigned to 2 groups: DA (intervention) and pamphlet (control) groups. Control enrollment was started first (until 150 women), followed by intervention enrollment (150 women). Pre-test and post-test scores were evaluated using the Decision Conflict Scale (DCS) for primary outcome, knowledge of epidural anesthesia and satisfaction with decision making for secondary outcomes, and decision of anesthesia usage (i.e., with epidural anesthesia, without epidural anesthesia, or undecided).

Results

Women in the DA group (n = 149: 1 excluded because she did not return post-test questionnaire) had significantly lower DCS score than those in the pamphlet group (n = 150) (DA: -8.41 [SD 8.79] vs. pamphlet: -1.69 [SD 5.91], p < .001). Knowledge of epidural anesthesia and satisfaction with decision-making scores of women who used the DA were significantly higher than those of women who used the pamphlet (p < .001). Women in the DA group showed a significantly lower undecided rate than those in the pamphlet group. The number of undecided women in the DA group significantly decreased from 30.2% to 6.1% (p < .001), whereas that in the pamphlet group remained largely unchanged from 40.7% to 38.9%.

Conclusion

This study indicates that a DA can be useful in helping women make a decision whether to have epidural anesthesia or not for labor during vaginal delivery.
Identification of tyrosine kinase inhibitors that halt Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia
Authors: Kesely Kristina , Noomuna Panae , Vieth Michal , Hipskind Philip , Haldar Kasturi , Pantaleo Antonella , Turrini Francesco , Low Philip S.
Published: November 2020

Although current malaria therapies inhibit pathways encoded in the parasite’s genome, we have looked for anti-malaria drugs that can target an erythrocyte component because development of drug resistance might be suppressed if the parasite cannot mutate the drug’s target. In search for such erythrocyte targets, we noted that human erythrocytes express tyrosine kinases, whereas thePlasmodium falciparumgenome encodes no obvious tyrosine kinases. We therefore screened a library of tyrosine kinase inhibitors from Eli Lilly and Co. in a search for inhibitors with possible antimalarial activity. We report that although most tyrosine kinase inhibitors exerted no effect on parasite survival, a subset of tyrosine kinase inhibitors displayed potent anti-malarial activity. Moreover, all inhibitors found to block tyrosine phosphorylation of band 3 specifically suppressedP.falciparumsurvival at the parasite egress stage of its intra-erythrocyte life cycle. Conversely, tyrosine kinase inhibitors that failed to block band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation but still terminated the parasitemia were observed to halt parasite proliferation at other stages of the parasite’s life cycle. Taken together these results suggest that certain erythrocyte tyrosine kinases may be important toP.falciparummaturation and that inhibitors that block these kinases may contribute to novel therapies forP.falciparummalaria.
Detection of Leptospira in urine of apparently healthy dogs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in Haryana, India
Authors: Rohilla Preeti , Khurana Rajesh , Kumar Aman , Batra Kanisht , Gupta Renu
Published: November 2020

Background and Aim: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The organism can spread through the urine of infected animals, which can get into water or soil and can survive there for weeks to months. The study was undertaken to detect the pathogenic Leptospira in healthy dogs' urinary shedding by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Materials and Methods: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. To detect the pathogenic Leptospira organisms in dogs' urinary shedding, 239 urine samples were collected from healthy dogs from April 2018 to March 2019 from different areas of Haryana. All the urine samples were processed for DNA extraction and qPCR technique was used to detect the presence of Leptospira.

Results: Out of 239 urine samples of dogs, none of the samples resulted in the detection of DNA of pathogenic Leptospira organisms.

Conclusion: The present study indicated low risk of transmission of Leptospira organisms from dogs' urine to human beings in Haryana.
CORONAVÍRUS (COVID-19) – A POSSIBILIDADE DE TRATAMENTO COMPULSÓRIO DE ACORDO COM A LEI Nº 13.979/2020
Authors: Barcellos Maria Luiza Souza , Reupke Erika Giovanini
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo, busca-se demonstrar a possibilidade de tratamento compulsório de acordo com as medidas previstas na Lei nº 13.979/2020, editada para o controle ao coronavírus. Para tanto, realiza-se uma análise sobre a possibilidade de ponderação entre os direitos fundamentais da saúde e da liberdade de locomoção em momentos excepcionais, bem como se estuda sobre como a Administração Pública faz o uso do poder de polícia. Por fim, analisa-se a Lei nº 13.979/2020, com enfoque no seu art. 3º, que possibilita a adoção de tratamento compulsório como medida de combate à Covid-19. Utiliza-se o método dedutivo, com pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos, além da legislação acerca do tema.
FIXAÇÃO DE REGIME MAIS BRANDO PARA CUMPRIMENTO INICIAL DA PENA PRIVATIVA DE LIBERDADE
Authors: Costa Laura , Costa Poliana
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo apresenta uma breve análise sobre a possibilidade de fixação do regime inicial aberto de cumprimento da pena privativa de liberdade nas hipóteses em que o regime legal não se mostre necessário ao atendimento dos fins de reprovação e prevenção da pena. São abordadas, inicialmente, as finalidades de reprovação e prevenção da pena, a teoria adotada pelo ordenamento brasileiro, bem como os critérios para a fixação do regime inicial de cumprimento da pena. Superado o embasamento teórico, são apresentadas considerações sobre o panorama geral do atual sistema carcerário, da violação à dignidade do recluso e da incapacidade de atendimento da finalidade ressocializadora da pena. São analisados os critérios autorizadores da fixação do regime mais gravoso do que o legal, a fim de aferir se a mesma lógica autoriza a fixação do regime mais brando. Ao final, são feitas ponderações sobre a suficiência e a necessidade da pena, bem como são feitas proposições de critérios a serem utilizados na fixação do regime menos gravoso.
A EFETIVIDADE DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS SOCIAIS E A PROTEÇÃO DO CONTEÚDO MÍNIMO PARA GARANTIA DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Liebl Helena , Coelho Luciana Carvalho de Paulo
Published: November 2020

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo tratar da efetividade dos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais, protegendo o conteúdo mínimo existencial a fim de garantir o Princípio da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana. Para tanto, abordou-se sobre o conceito geral dos direitos fundamentais, identificando as suas principais características e a diferença com Direitos Patrimoniais, enfocando, brevemente, os princípios constitucionais da proporcionalidade e razoabilidade na aplicação dos direitos fundamentais e a fiscalização de normas perante a violação deste. Após, partiu-se para uma aplicabilidade específica, explicando o que são os direitos fundamentais sociais para, então, tratar sobre o conteúdo mínimo existencial e a justiciabilidade de tais direitos, relacionando-se com a Teoria da Reserva do Possível e o seu uso perante o Poder Judiciário como alegação do Estado para afastar o conteúdo mínimo existencial do dever deste em aplicar os direitos fundamentais sociais. Tratou-se também sobre a eficácia social de tais direitos, já que demandam a distribuição de recursos do Estado e a prática de políticas públicas para torná-los efetivos socialmente. O Princípio da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana foi tratado para explicar a sua relação com os direitos fundamentais sociais. Por isso, faz-se necessária uma análise da efetividade dos direitos fundamentais sociais, pois, não sendo efetiva a aplicabilidade deles, não há o que se falar em Dignidade da Pessoa Humana, já que aqueles são precursores desta. Quanto à metodologia, foram utilizadas as técnicas do referente, da pesquisa bibliográfica, da categoria e do conceito operacional.
ANÁLISE DA POSSIBILIDADE DE INSCRIÇÃO NOS QUADROS DA ORDEM DOS ADVOGADOS DO BRASIL (OAB) E A INIDONEIDADE MORAL EM RAZÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA MULHER
Authors: Alano Mayara de Sousa
Published: November 2020

A finalidade deste trabalho é analisar a possibilidade da inscrição do requerente nos quadros da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil (OAB) por inidoneidade moral em razão de violência contra a mulher, discorrendo acerca da Súmula nº 09 do Conselho Pleno do Conselho Federal da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil (CFOAB). A natureza da pesquisa, quanto ao nível, foi exploratória e, no que se refere à sua abordagem, qualitativa. O procedimento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi documental e bibliográfico. O método de abordagem foi o dedutivo. Constatou-se divergência na doutrina acerca do trânsito em julgado na esfera criminal para que possa haver o impedimento da inscrição nos quadros da OAB, bem como a ausência de uma definição a respeito da inidoneidade moral e do crime infamante. Confundem-se, muitas vezes, os procedimentos a serem adotados, quando da inidoneidade praticada pelo requerente à inscrição e quando da inidoneidade praticada por advogado, bem como o procedimento quando o crime ou o crime infamante é praticado pelo requerente à inscrição e quando o crime ou crime infamante é praticado por advogado. Conclui-se que a Súmula nº 09, aprovada para proporcionar mais estabilidade ao ordenamento jurídico e auxiliar na interpretação de casos semelhantes, deixa grandes lacunas com determinados termos utilizados em sua redação, mais precisamente quanto aos conceitos de inidoneidade moral e crime infamante, bem como os seus procedimentos, pois tanto o Estatuto da Advocacia quanto o CFOAB não definem tais conceitos, podendo gerar uma aplicação desacertada ou abusiva para uma das partes.
Prevalence of Decayed Tooth Surfaces in Preschool Children and Factors Influencing its Development: An Observational Study
Authors: SRIVASTAVA Vinay Kumar
Published: November 2020

Objective: Objective of the study was to determine prevalence of decayed tooth surfaces and factors influencing its development in primary dentition. Materials and Methods: The study design adopted was analytical observational study. Caries examination was conducted using plain mouth mirror, probe with WHO caries detection criteria. Decayed tooth surfaces were examined under optimal light source by a single qualified examiner to minimize visual error. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 16 software. Test for significance was done with the help of Chi square test. Results: Highest percentage of decayed tooth surfaces was observed at 5 years of age followed by 6, 4 and 3 years of age. There was slight predilection in development of decayed tooth surfaces in males than females. Higher parental education levels also significantly reduce prevalence of decayed tooth surfaces in preschool children. A significantly higher percentage of upper and upper middle-class children collectively had decayed teeth than of the collective middle class, lower middle class and lower class. The ratio of breast & bottle feeding to breast feeding habit only was 32.3:67.7. A significant association was observed between decayed tooth surfaces and feeding habits. As duration of the breast feeding and bottle feeding increased, the percentage of decayed tooth surfaces also increased. Conclusion: Among the studied factors; maternal education level, parental social class, feeding habits, duration of breast & bottle feeding had the most significant effect on the development of decayed tooth surfaces in preschool children.
„Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken“ e la contemporaneistica (1960–2018)
Authors: Meriggi Marco
Published: November 2020

The article examines the role played by contemporary historical research between 1960 and 2018 within the „Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken“. The principal results emerging from the survey are as follows: 1) especially from 1980 onwards, the journal devoted increasing space to contemporary history; 2) it also hosted a growing number of contributions written by Italian authors, both in Italian and in German; 3) in order to enlarge its readership, it would be helpful for the journal to publish a larger number of essays by German-speaking authors in Italian.
Contributo alla storia del cattolicesimo ‚integrale‘ nella Germania guglielmina
Authors: Tacchi Francesco
Published: November 2020

During the early years of the 20th century, attempts at dialogue with modern culture and practical collaboration with the Protestant majority in the Kaiserreich emerged in German Catholicism in order to overcome the condition of ‚inferiority‘ that characterized the Catholic population. In the context of the anti-modernist repression enacted by the Roman Curia of Pope Pius X, however, the proponents of forms of interdenominational organization, the autonomy of the laity from the ecclesiastical hierarchy, and openness towards secularized modernity more generally attracted the criticism of the so-called integralist Catholics. The latter saw a danger to the Catholic faith and to the prerogatives of the Roman Church in these developments and, ultimately, a manifestation of modernist ‚heresy‘. Among the targets of the integralist accusations were the Volksverein and the Centre Party, as well as the interdenominational Christian trade unions. The paper aims to shed light on the contents and characteristics of German Catholic integralism in the years following the encyclical Pascendi (1907): to this end, the specific case of the Cologne priest Andreas Müller (1862–1938) is examined; through dozens of letters addressed to the Nuncio of Munich and the Holy See itself, he denounced the (alleged) infiltration of Modernism in Germany.
Heiliger Stuhl, Drittes Reich und Radio Vaticana
Authors: Perin Raffaella
Published: November 2020

This article intends to show that the German language broadcasts of Vatican Radio influenced relations between the Holy See and the Third Reich in the period between the start of the station’s radio broadcasts and 1943. As emerges from the analysis of published and unpublished sources, Vatican Radio seems to have been used as a Catholic propaganda tool in Germany, but also as an instrument of diplomacy. Vatican radio continued to broadcast in German and to attract listeners even after Goebbels’ decree of 1 September 1939 forbidding people to listen to foreign radio stations. The Holy See, aware that its broadcasts were being monitored by the Sonderdienst Seehaus and of their importance not only for the population of Germany but also for its government, exploited them to spread specific ideas and messages depending on the circumstances and the progress of the war. The study of Vatican Radio thus represents a specific point of view from which to understand the Holy See’s attitude towards National Socialism and its actions during the Second World War.
La gobernanza corporativa como factor estratégico para el desarrollo de la inteligencia competitiva en empresas de servicios turísticos: El caso de Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México
Authors: Bravo Silva Jose Luis , García Aguas Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2020

Definida como el mecanismo que tienen las empresas para administrar el uso de los recursos de análisis de negocio, a fin de distinguir y analizar información competitiva, la gobernanza corporativa es un factor relevante para el despliegue de la función de inteligencia. Por esta razón, el propósito de este trabajo es estudiar la relación que existe entre la gobernanza corporativa y la inteligencia competitiva en las empresas de servicios turísticos de una importante zona turística de México. El tipo de estudio es descriptivo y correlacional, con un enfoque cuantitativo que comprende la revisión de literatura científica, el análisis crítico de datos, el procesamiento y sistematización de esos datos, y la comprobación de la hipótesis planteada mediante el coeficiente de correlación rho de Spearman. Los resultados indican que el proceso de inteligencia competitiva en estas empresas es influenciado positivamente por la gobernanza corporativa, existiendo una relación lineal positiva entre ambas variables.
Multi-Story Listening: Using Narrative Practices at Walk-in Clinics
Authors: Young Karen
Published: November 2020

This article begins with a short story of the unique service delivery environment in Ontario, which includes an unprecedented number of walk-in therapy clinics, and how this came to be. Some of the pivotal events along this journey are described, which included a policy-ready paper that helped to shape change in services, a multi-agency evaluation project of several walk-in therapy clinics, and a successful appeal resulting in the recognition of single-session therapy as psychotherapy. The history of connection between walk-in therapy and narrative therapy is introduced with a focus on what it is about narrative practices that are such a useful fit with these single sessions. A particularly important aspect of narrative therapy that the author calls multi-story listening is explored in detail with a clinical example.
OCORRÊNCIA DE OTITE CANINA POR Pseudomonas spp. E SENSIBILIDADE DOS ISOLADOS REGISTRADOS NO LABORATÓRIO REGIONAL DE DIAGNÓSTICO NO PERÍODO DE DEZ ANOS
Authors: Gonçalves Helena Piúma
Published: November 2020

A otite canina destaca-se na clínica veterinária, sendo que dentre os bacilos Gram-negativos, o gênero Pseudomonas apresenta-se como fator complicador no tratamento, caracterizando-se como um grande desafio para os clínicos, em virtude do perfil de multirresistência. Devido à importância clínica, verificaram-se os registros de casos de otite em cães causados pela bactéria, no período de 2009 a 2019, no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas e o perfil de resistência dos isolados bacterianos. Assim, realizou-se o levantamento da casuística de otites registradas no LRD, sendo incluídas amostras de cães com queixa ou sinais clínicos de otite e selecionadas aquelas com isolamento de Pseudomonas spp. Como resultados, Pseudomonas spp. esteve presente em 11,7% dos casos, o que está de acordo com dados da literatura que cita uma frequência de 3,4 a 31,6%. A resistência de Pseudomonas spp. aos fármacos beta-lactâmicos foi expressiva, com 87% de resistência à amoxicilina com clavulanato, cefalotina, cefalexina e oxacilina, seguido de 84,6% para ampicilina e 15,4% para ceftriaxona. A média de resistência para outros fármacos foi de 73,9% para fluorquinolonas e 52,2% para sulfonamidas e aminoglicosídeos. O estudo destaca a importância da avaliação microbiológica de amostras otológicas, especialmente quando Pseudomonas spp. estiver presente, já que o diagnóstico definitivo é fundamental para a implementação de terapia individualizada para os animais, assim como para o controle da resistência bacteriana.
INVESTIGAÇÃO DE VÍRUS DE IMPACTO NA SANIDADE AVÍCOLA EM AVES SILVESTRES PRÓXIMAS A UMA CRIAÇÃO DE AVES COLONIAIS EM PELOTAS, RS
Authors: Meirelles Leite Alice Teixeira , Fischer Geferson , Hübner Silvia De Oliveira , De Lima Marcelo , Vargas Gilberto D'Avila
Published: November 2020

O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial de carne de frango, com 13,245 milhões de toneladas, e o maior exportador, com 4,214 milhões de toneladas destinadas à exportação, no ano de 2019. Aves silvestres de vida livre, devido as suas características biológicas, são capazes de carrear microrganismos patogênicos de forma biológica ou mecânica, podendo atuar como disseminadores de diferentes enfermidades na produção industrial, comercial ou doméstica de aves. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a exposição aos vírus da doença de Newcastle (NDV), da doença de Marek (MDV) e da doença de Gumboro (IBDV) em aves silvestres residentes próximo a uma criação de aves coloniais na região de Pelotas – RS. A metodologia empregada foi a detecção de material genético viral por RT-PCR e PCR em suabes de orofaringe e cloaca, e pesquisa de anticorpos por ELISA em amostras de soro e sangue total colhido em papel filtro. Foram capturadas aves da ordem Passeriformes (n=20) e ordem Columbiformes (n=13). Não foi detectada a presença de NDV e MDV por métodos moleculares nas aves silvestres pesquisadas (n=24), nem anticorpos contra NDV e IBDV nos ensaios imunoenzimáticos (n=30). Os resultados obtidos reforçam a importância da vigilância contínua dos vírus potencialmente patogênicos aos plantéis avícolas através do monitoramento de aves migratórias, dada a importante posição do Brasil no mercado produtor e exportador de frangos de corte.
Editorial
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo Ricardo Centeno
Published: November 2020

Editorial
Registered Report: Transcriptional Analysis of Savings Memory Suggests Forgetting is Due to Retrieval Failure
Authors: Rosiles Tania , Nguyen Melissa , Duron Monica , Garcia Annette , Garcia George , Gordon Hannah , Juarez Lorena , Calin-Jageman Irina E. , Calin-Jageman Robert J.
Published: November 2020

There is fundamental debate about the nature of forgetting: some have argued that it represents the decay of the memory trace, others that the memory trace persists but becomes inaccessible because of retrieval failure. These different accounts of forgetting lead to different predictions about savings memory, the rapid re-learning of seemingly forgotten information. If forgetting is because of decay, then savings requires re-encoding and should thus involve the same mechanisms as initial learning. If forgetting is because of retrieval failure, then savings should be mechanistically distinct from encoding. In this registered report, we conducted a preregistered and rigorous test between these accounts of forgetting. Specifically, we used microarray to characterize the transcriptional correlates of a new memory (1 d after training), a forgotten memory (8 d after training), and a savings memory (8 d after training but with a reminder on day 7 to evoke a long-term savings memory) for sensitization inAplysia californica(n = 8 samples/group). We found that the reactivation of sensitization during savings does not involve a substantial transcriptional response. Thus, savings is transcriptionally distinct relative to a newer (1-d-old) memory, with no coregulated transcripts, negligible similarity in regulation-ranked ordering of transcripts, and a negligible correlation in training-induced changes in gene expression (r = 0.04 95% confidence interval (CI) [–0.12, 0.20]). Overall, our results suggest that forgetting of sensitization memory represents retrieval failure.
ROLE OF ISLAMIC ETHICS TOWARDS ETHICAL ACCOUNTING PRACTICE
Authors: Wahyuni-TD Ika Sari , Fernando Yudi , Hasnita Evi , Hasnita Evi
Published: November 2020

The objective of this paper is to understand the role of Islamic ethics and its application towards a more ethical accounting practice. This paper has reviewed the literature on Islamic ethics and ethical accounting practice and found that four critical domains of Islamic ethics such as 1) accounting education; 2) principle of Islamic ethics; 3) code of ethics for accountants and 4) application of Islamic ethics for accountants. This study concludes that an Islamic guideline for accountants is a driver of ethical behaviour to comply with Islamic principles. It is highly needed in the current turbulence business environment and competitors’ pressure. The Muslim accountant can use Islamic ethics as a reference to ensure the excellent audit work to comply with Shari’ah requirements and to provide the required information demanded by society such as by doing khayr (goodness), birr (righteousness), ‘adl (equilibrium and justice), trust (Amanah), benevolence (Ihsaan) and others. The understanding and application of Islamic ethics contribute to a more ethical accounting practice.
PUBLIC SERVICES ANALYSIS IN THE BORDER AREAS OF WEST KALIMANTAN AND MALAYSIA: A CASE STUDY OF SAMBAS DISTRICT GOVERNMENT, WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Atmojo Muhammad Eko , Fridayani Helen Dian
Published: November 2020

Public service delivery is an effort to meet the basic needs and civil rights of every citizen of the goods, services and administrative services provided by public service providers which are a government. West Kalimantan is bordered on land with by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. Although a small part of West Kalimantan is marine, West Kalimantan has dozens of large and small islands (some uninhabited) scattered along the Karimata and Natuna Straits bordering the Riau Islands Province. Public service in West Kalimantan, especially in Sambas district, is very important to note because it is the face of Indonesia that can be assessed by our neighbours which is Malaysia, whether the public service provided is feasible or not. The method used in this research is secondary research with qualitative description. Secondary research involves the summary, collation and/or synthesis of existing research. Secondary research is contrasted with primary research in that primary research involves the generation of data, whereas secondary research uses primary research sources as a source of data for analysis. The result of this study concludes that the good public services were still very far from the expectations on the border area experienced by Sambas District. The problem of public services can be seen in terms of education, health and also infrastructure services. Although currently, the government has tried to solve these problems, in reality, there is still a service gap in the border area. Local governments must be able to improve these problems to provide better services. One of them is by improving human resources in the bureaucracy.
Frontmatter
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: November 2020

Frotmatter
What Do Pennsylvania Voters Think about Gender and Women’s Representation?
Authors: Niebler Sarah , Mathews-Schultz A. Lanethea
Published: November 2020

Despite ongoing interest in the role of gender in American elections, highlighted most recently by Hillary Clinton’s historic bid for the presidency in 2016 and the 2018 “Year of the Woman” elections, recent studies have shown that gender alone is not enough to explain voter behavior. This is especially true in an increasingly ideologically polarized landscape in which party and ideology retain significant explanatory power regarding electoral outcomes. The saliency of gender identity and gender issues may also vary across time and context. Moreover, voters may not have full information about the underrepresentation of women or of the consequences of gender imbalances in elective institutions, raising uncertainty about whether women’s representation in politics matters to voters. In this article, using data from a unique exit poll, we examine the extent to which knowledge about women’s representation and perceptions about gender and women’s issues mattered to Pennsylvanians’ vote choice in the 2016 and 2018 elections. We find that neither gender nor party alone can explain men’s and women’s political behavior, but rather that gender and party interact in complex ways. Although party continues to be the best predictor of vote choice, gender matters to how voters understand and explain women’s underrepresentation in politics—a finding that has important implications for furthering gender equality in politics in the future.
Gendered Pathways to Power
Authors: Brown Dana
Published: November 2020

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has historically fared poorly in terms of the proportion of women serving in its governing bodies. After a historic year of women in politics in 2018, Pennsylvania increased its proportion of women serving in the state legislature from 19% to 26%, which is still far from parity. Why are women so underrepresented? Political scientists have tested various variables: women’s lack of political ambition, negative gatekeeping by political parties, and gender stereotypes negatively impacting female candidates, just to name a few. This paper focuses on the role that county party chairs and vice-chairs play in recruiting female candidates to run for political office in Pennsylvania. In this article I ask: what do the recruitment efforts look like on the ground and how are the recruitment efforts gendered? In terms of recruitment efforts, I expect the stronger county party to have its leaders pull from informal networks that are extensions of the party leaders themselves. On the other hand, I expect weak county parties to cast a wide net for candidate recruitment and allow candidates to self-identify, which I call the “volunteer” model. I use interview data of county party chairs in order to understand the structure of candidate recruitment in Pennsylvania and the impact it may have on candidate selection.
On the Wave Transmission in a Gently Perturbed Weakly Inhomogeneous Non-Linear Force Chain
Authors: Gerasymov O.I. , Spivak A.Ya.
Published: November 2020

We have obtained rigorous analytic and numerical solutions of the equations which govern the transport of mechanical perturbations in a gently precompressed 1D Hertz chain. Both finite-length and infinite-length systems have been studied. We examine both discrete and continuousformulations of the mentioned problem. A few families of analytic solutions of the problem given in the form of quasinormal waves and specific resonance modes have been obtained in the linear approximation for weakly perturbed inhomogeneous systems. Resonance modes are proposed to be interpreted as the Ramsauer–Townsend effect which happens due to the inhomogeneity. The obtained analytic results have been compared with numerical solutions of the discrete equations. We observe a multiscaled scenario of the impulse transport in an inhomogeneous force chain which could happens either asymptotically or at the intermittency between discrete- and continuous limits of the formulated problem. The role of a disorder has been also analyzed with the help of the Dyson concept.
In Memory of Otto Bartolomiyovych Shpenyk (14.07.1938–29.09.2020)
Authors: Gomonai H.M. , Zavilopulo A.M. , Roman I.Yu. , Mylymko A.M.
Published: November 2020

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Differential Diagnosis of Wide QRS Tachycardias
Authors: Katritsis Demosthenes G , Brugada Josep
Published: November 2020

In this article, the authors discuss the differential diagnostic methods used in clinical practice to identify types of wide QRS tachycardias (QRS duration >120 ms). A correct diagnosis is critical to management, as misdiagnosis and the administration of drugs usually utilised for supraventricular tachycardia can be harmful for patients with ventricular tachycardia.
Economic security of tourism in Germany: models for overcoming the crisis
Authors: Slyvenko Vyacheslav , Slyvenko Oleksii
Published: November 2020

Purpose – to analyze the models of overcoming the crisis of the tourism business in Germany.

Design/Method/Approach of the research. The research method is an expert opinion analysis on possible scenarios for the Covid-19/Coronavirus pandemic crisis development, the consequences for German tourism, and possible models of overcoming the crisis.

Findings. The paper analyzes the models of overcoming the crisis in Germany's tourism business during the gradual attenuation of the Covid-19/ Coronavirus pandemic and the beginning of the national borders lento opening. That allowed us to formulate an assumption of possible scenarios while crisis overcoming in the tourism business in Germany.

Theoretical and practical implications. The analysis of possible scenarios while overcoming the crisis in the tourism business in Germany phenomena in Germany's tourism industry can be very interesting both for practitioners and for theorists studying the problems of tourism development worldwide.

Originality/Value. The article investigates the regional differences of the tourism crisis developed during the Covid-19/ Coronavirus pandemic. Based on a logical analysis of the models for overcoming the tourism business crisis in Germany, the paper analyzed factors that can affect changes in consumer habits and include vital economic aspects of the tourism business restoration. This paper expands researchers’ capabilities in the crisis phenomena analysis in the tourism business and assists in the most accurate and reasonable forecasting for the long-term sustainable development and competitive advantages of tourism enterprises.

Paper type – theoretical.

Keywords: tourism business; model; crisis; Covid-19/Coronavirus pandemic.
The Jesuit Patriarchate to the Preste: Between Religious Reform, Political Expansion and Colonial Adventure
Authors: Martínez D'Alòs-Moner Andreu
Published: November 2020

In this paper I analyse the reasons that lead Portugual to send a Jesuit Patriarch to Ethiopia. Such a mission represented a radical break from the tolerant attitude the Lusitans had been showing vis à vis this African Church; the embassies that for decades flowed between Ethiopia and Portugal were suddenly replaced by a one-way attempt of conversion that deeply affected Ethiopian Christian society for more than a century. This mission is placed at the crossroads of both a process of spiritualization that the Portuguese court, under the influence of the Jesuit fathers and the cardinal infantes, endured, and of the political stagnation of the Indian colonial project. But the Catholic Patriarchate would only come to the fore, I contend, at the outcome of the Bermudez affair. This episode, which has largely been underestimated by historiography, was crucial for pushing forward the King João III, the Pope and the Jesuits in the Patriarchal adventure.
Sinkretisme Budaya Jawa dan Islam dalam Gamitan Seni Tradisional Janengan
Authors: Hernawan Wawan , Zakaria Tatang , Rohmah Aini
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research is to explore the practice of syncretism in Janengan traditional art in Kesugihan Village, Cilacap, Central Java. This study employs a qualitative research with a multi-disciplinary approach contained four historical method stages. The result of the research shows that Janengan traditional art in Kesugihan Village Cilacap is known as salawat Janengan or salawat illau. It contains Islamic teachings about faith and tasawuf (Islamic mysticism) combined with Javanese local cultural patterns. The community perform this traditional art in slametan events, especially at the commemoration of the Prophet's Birthday (Maulid Nabi Saw.). In conclusion, the syncretism of Javanese-Islamic culture in syi’ir or salawat singir with the Javanese genre as well as sajen (offerings) in each of these arts is strong. This study recommends conducting policy research in strengthening the preservation of Javanese-Islamic traditional arts and Indonesian contexts.
SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE VALUE OF THE RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT OF THE LANDSLEND
Authors: Bogomolova O. A , Zhidelev A. V
Published: November 2020

The results of calculating the stability of a landslide-prone slope located on the river bank are presented. Additional stability studies were carried out due to the fact that, according to the results of slope calculations using various “compartments” methods, based on the construction of circular cylindrical sliding surfaces, the slope is in a stable state (tables are given containing the numerical values of the safety factors). However, in the spring-autumn period, local landslides occur on the slope. Therefore, new calculations of slope stability were carried out using a method based on the analysis of the stress state of the soil massif, which allows one to take into account the "weighing" effect of groundwater when it rises and the decrease in the strength properties of the constituent soils when they are soaked. This method is formalized in a computer program developed with the participation of one of the authors; the program has a certificate of state registration. Calculations have established that an increase in the level of groundwater to the maximum possible value reduces the values of the safety factors along the considered sliding lines by 5.9-21 %. It is shown that if the numerical values of the safety factors obtained by the methods of circular cylindrical sliding surfaces are reduced by 21 %, then some of their values will be very close to unity or even less, which resolves the above contradiction. When calculating the stability of landslide-prone soil masses, in which seasonal fluctuations of groundwater are possible, one should take into account the "weighing" effect of groundwater at the maximum level of their rise, a decrease in the physical and mechanical (strength) characteristics of soils due to their soaking and, preferably, the destabilizing effect of hydraulic heads.
RATIONAL PLACEMENT OF WAREHOUSES AT THE CONSTRUCTION SITE
Authors: Zolotozubov D. G , Kaloshina S. V , Sazonova S. A , Tatiannikov D. A
Published: November 2020

Rational construction site planning is especially important when building in cramped urban environments. This requires good training of qualified professionals. Currently, the system of higher professional education imposes new requirements on the technologies of vocational training. The introduction of interactive teaching methods and the improvement of the scientific, methodological and material and technical base are the most important stages on the way to the transition to a new level of education. This process is facilitated by practical exercises using electronic reference books and electronic simulators. As an example, the organization of the interactive form of a practical lesson "Designing temporary warehouses for a construction site" is considered. The lesson is part of the course for training specialists in the development of building master plans. The structure and organization of the lesson is described. It includes such forms of interactive teaching methods as mini-lecture, case-method, discussion. During the lesson, students actively participate in the discussion of the issues under consideration. They offer their own options for solving the tasks assigned to them. Consolidation of the acquired skills for calculating warehouse areas is carried out using an electronic simulator. The simulator allows you to optimize the required warehouse area. To do this, the simulator enters the initial data on the materials required for the construction of the facility. The ability to vary various parameters is provided. The simulator makes it easier to assimilate the studied material. The proposed simulator can also be used for practical purposes, for example, for rational planning of a construction site.
The effect of the angle of «meeting» of fullerite C60 with a solid substrate on the deposition process
Authors: Suvorov S. V , Severiuchin A. V , Vakhrushev A. V
Published: November 2020

Carbon forms a large number of allotropic forms, one of which is fullerene. Fullerene is a convex closed polyhedron with carbon atoms at its vertices. The most common is fullerene, consisting of 60 carbon atoms and designated - C60. In turn, fullerenes are able to agglomerate, forming a molecular crystal - fullerite. In the interaction of fullerite C60 with a solid, it is possible to deposit on the surface of the body both whole fullerite and the fullerenes that form it. The interaction process in the C60 fullerite system - the substrate of a solid, and then on - the fullerite - substrate system - is multi-parameter. So, when modeling the interaction of fullerite with a substrate, the following were taken into account: the temperature of the system - 300, 700, 1150 K; the speed of fullerite movement is 0.005, 0.01, 0.02 Å / fs. In addition, in the study, we varied the angle between the fullerite velocity vector and the normal to the contact surface of the substrate, called the “meeting angle”. An iron crystal Fe (100) was modeled as a solid body substrate, as one of the most common structural materials. Fullerite C60 was in contact with the solid substrate with its face. Computer simulation of the process of contact of fullerite C60 with the substrate was carried out in the LAMMPS software package. The main result of this study is to determine the effect of the angle of “meeting” of C60 fullerite in contact with a solid substrate, which will significantly complement the overall picture of the process of C60 fullerite deposition. In turn, this can allow the creation of various films and wear-resistant coatings on the surface of materials.
Fracture resistance parameters for the compressor disk imitation model
Authors: Yakovlev M. M , Yarullin R. R , Shlyannikov V. N
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a calculation and experimental technique for determining stress intensity factors in an imitation model of a titanium alloy disk. We studied a low-pressure compressor disk of a gas turbine engine (GTE) D-36. During operations, there occur fatigue cracks initiated and developed in the slot fillet under the blade at the place of transition of the bottom to the lateral surface of the inter-groove projection, which lead to a separation of the disk’s part within its rim. The mixed-mode crack growth occured in the compressor disks. Based on the principles of imitation modeling, the geometry and loading condition of the imitation model of the compressor disk was developed. The fatigue test of the imitation model was carried out with a frequency of 5 Hz, at room temperature and with stress ratio Rc = 0.1, by means of a biaxial testing machine. The crack growth was monitored using an optical microscope. The criterion for failure was the condition for reaching a growing crack of the compensation hole. During the test, the positions and sizes of the crack fronts were fixed, which are the basis for the numerical calculation of the fracture resistance parameters. In the order of the numerical studies, six three-dimensional finite element models with different positions and sizes of the crack fronts are considered. The results of the numerical calculations based on the finite element method were used to determine the distributions of elastic and plastic stress intensity factors along each crack front. We demonstrated the advantages of the calculation and experimental methods for solving the problems of interpretation and prediction of the crack growth in the rotating disks of turbomachines using the methods of fracture mechanics.
Projektowanie i technologia wykonania elementów kompozytowych o złożonej geometrii do zastosowań w budowie urządzeń wysokoobrotowych
Authors: Kaczorowska Katarzyna , Jakubowski Michał
Published: November 2020

W pracy przedstawiono problematykę projektowania i opracowania technologii wykonania elementów kompozytowych o złożonej geometrii do zastosowań w budowie urządzeń wysokoobrotowych na podstawie wykonania zespołu chłodzącego ogniwo paliwowe motoszybowca AOS-H2. Aby użycie laminatu węglowego i szklanego w tego typu konstrukcji było uzasadnione (zważywszy na stosunkowo nieduże maksymalne wymiary średnicowe zespołu wynoszące 200mm), opisano specjalne techniki pracy z materiałem kompozytowym. Zaprezentowano uniwersalny projekt samego wentylatora jako elementu wysokoobrotowego, dzielącego jego budowę na elementy możliwe do wykonania w technologii kompozytowej w stosunkowo niedługim czasie i niewielkim kosztem przy zachowaniu niskiej masy i niezawodności gotowego wyrobu. W artykule, między innymi, przedstawiono przebieg projektowania form w materiale typu ProLab o niewielkiej gęstości z zastosowaniem „murków ochronnych” na krawędziach narażonych na uszkodzenia podczas obróbki polepszającej jakość powierzchni i ich podział w płaszczyźnie równoległej do kierunku odformowania, kompleksowy proces obróbki łopatek węglowych z zastosowaniem narzędzi wykonanych technikami przyrostowymi, jak i technologię montażu poszczególnych elementów składowych. Dzięki zastosowaniu specjalnych technik projektowania i wykonania, jakość gotowego wyrobu uzasadniła użycie materiałów kompozytowych w niewielkich konstrukcjach wysokoobrotowych. 1. Wstęp
THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR LIQUID EFFLUENT TREATMENT OF UO2 KERNEL FABRICATION
Authors: Yusnitha, ST, M.Sc Erilia , Kadarjono Agoeng , Sartono Agus , Winastri Pertiwi Diah
Published: November 2020

THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR LIQUID EFFLUENT TREATMENT OF UO2 KERNEL FABRICATION. The pebble fuel for HTGR is prepared through fabrication of UO2 kernel, coated particle and spherical element fuel. In the fabrication of UO2 kernel by external gelation method, a multicomponent of liquid effluent is generated. Therefore, the liquid effluent is required to be treated for safety reason before disposed to waste storage. In this paper, the conceptual design for the liquid effluent treatment of UO2 kernel fabrication is performed with the simulation process using CHEMCAD software. CHEMCAD is a software that can be utilized for chemical process design. The results showed that the proposed conceptual design is able to separate valuable components: isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA). The flowrate of IPA product is 5.28 kg/h with purity of 0.99 in mass fraction and the flowrate of THFA product is 1.01 kg/h with purity of 0.99 in mass fraction.Keywords: liquid effluent, UO2 kernel, CHEMCAD, HTGR.
UJI TAK MERUSAK SHORT PIN PWR – FUEL DUMMY PASCA IRADIASI
Authors: Sigit Rohmad , Artika Refa , Ajiriyanto Maman Kartaman , Yulianto Tri
Published: November 2020

UJI TAK MERUSAK SHORT PIN PWR – FUEL DUMMY PASCA IRADIASI. Pelaksanaan uji pasca iradiasi untuk bahan bakar nuklir digunakan sebagai indikator kehandalan unjuk kerja bahan bakar selama proses iradiasi. Salah satu tahapan awal pengujian pascairadiasi adalah pengujian tak merusak. Pusat Teknologi Bahan Bakar Nuklir (PTBBN) melakukan pengembangan bahan bakar reaktor daya tipe Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). Short pin PWR fuel dummy dengan material kelongsong zircaloy­–4 telah melalui proses iradiasi di Reaktor Serba Guna – G.A. Siwabessy (RSG–GAS) dan telah dikirim ke hot cell Instalasi Radiometalurgi (IRM) – PTBBN. Pengujian tak merusak yang dilakukan di IRM antara lain melalui pengamatan visual dan pengujian radiografi sinar–X. Pengamatan visual dilakukan di hot cell 102 dengan bantuan kamera digital, sedangkan pengujian radiografi sinar–X dilakukan di hot cell 103 IRM. Pengujian radiografi sinar–X menggunakan parameter tegangan dengan interval 120–125 kV dan kuat arus 1000–1100 µA. Material uji ditempatkan pada ketinggian 60 cm dari detector untuk mendapatkan skala 1:1 terhadap benda uji sebenarnya. Pengamatan visual menunjukkan pembentukan beberapa spot yang mengindikasikan terjadinya oksidasi pada permukaan short pin PWR fuel dummy. Pengamatan terhadap citra radiografi yang dihasilkan dari pengujian radiografi sinar–X tidak menunjukkan adanya anomali dengan indikasi ­grey value pada arah aksial dan radial relatif homogen. Secara umum, berdasarkan hasil uji tak merusak, unjuk kerja short pin PWR fuel dummy relatif baik dengan tidak ditemukannya cacat yang signifikan. Sebagai konfirmasi terjadinya pembentukan oksida pada permukaan short pin PWR fuel dummy, perlu didukung oleh pengujian Eddy Current yang dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan mikrostruktur melalui pengujian metalografi.Kata kunci: Short pin, PWR, kelongsong, pasca iradiasi, uji tak merusak, radiografi sinar–X