bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile language learning applications for Arabic speaking migrants – a usability perspective
Authors: Al-Sabbagh Khaled Walid , Bradley Linda , Bartram Lorna
Published: July 2019

Usability testing with mobile applications (apps) plays an important role in determining the ease of use of an app as well as in informing their design and development. The purpose of this research is to investigate the usability of three language learning apps with a sample of Arabic speaking migrants who have recently arrived to Sweden. In addition, We surveyed available apps for the target group on both Android and Apple market stores and used a framework for categorizing language learning apps to guide the design and development of our own app. The outcomes show that in order for users to engage in an app, there are a number of obstacles that need to be overcome to make an app motivating enough to use, such as lack of variation in functionality, instructions and feedback. Our app, Minclusion, was developed from the input obtained from the usability studies.
Preparing adolescent refugees for study and work in the Netherlands: Start-up of an academic pre-Bachelor’s programme
Authors: Roselaar Tjits , van Bielder Patty
Published: July 2019

Since the academic year 2017–2018, the Tilburg University Language Center has been offering an academic pre-Bachelor’s programme for refugee students. This year-long educational programme prepares high-potential refugees for a Dutch- or English-taught Bachelor’s programme at a university. In addition, students prepare for the Dutch Civic Integration Exams. A special part of the pre-Bachelor’s programme is an internship at a company in the Brabant region. This increases the refugees’ chances on the labour market during and after their studies. In this report, the target group and structure of the programme, the way in which the project is financed, and the experiences of the first pilot year are described. The authors also advocate the importance of an academic language and transition year, explain why this task is best assigned to a university language centre, and make recommendations for institutions that want to set up such a language and transition year themselves.
Ductile-brittle transition temperature shift controlled by grain boundary decohesion and thermally activated energy in Ni-Cr steels
Authors: Kameda Jun , Jokl Martin L.
Published: July 2019

Temper embrittlement induced by segregation of metalloid solutes to grain boundary (GB) was evaluated by a shift of the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT). DBTT was found to be linearly correlated with the amount of metalloid on the GB (X
gb) for both dynamic and static displacement rates (dδ/dt) in high and medium hardness steels. Recent first-principles calculations have determined the GB embrittling potency (Δe
p) of segregated Sb, Sn and P. In both high and medium hardness steels, the slope (α) of DBTT vs. X
gb was found to be linearly dependent on Δe
p regardless of the segregated solutes. In high hardness steels, the slope is independent of dδ/dt, while in medium hardness steels the α is dependent on dδ/dt. An Arrhenius plot of dδ/dt vs. the reciprocal DBTT was used to drive the thermal activation energy (E
act), which represents a barrier to plasticity. It was found that E
act correlates to a reduction in the GB fracture surface energy. The E
act depends strongly on GB decohesion in high hardness steels but only weakly depends on it in medium hardness steels.
Phosphorus – a “political” element for transdisciplinary chemistry education
Authors: Zowada Christian , Gulacar Ozcan , Siol Antje , Eilks Ingo
Published: July 2019

The paper describes a curriculum innovation project for integrating the sustainability-oriented socio-scientific issue of phosphate recovery into undergraduate chemistry education. Justification for the topic is derived from the importance of responsible use of phosphates as fertilizers for achieving some of the sustainable development goals issued by the United Nations in 2015, but also by the consideration of the phosphorus biochemical flow into the environment in the concept of the world’s planetary boundaries. Integration of the topic into undergraduate general chemistry was operated by a digital learning environment providing the base for a transdisciplinary approach towards the topic. Findings are reported from an implementation case in a research university in the USA.
Kitchen chemistry course for chemistry education students: influences on chemistry teaching and teacher education – a multiple case study
Authors: Nuora Piia , Välisaari Jouni
Published: July 2019

This study introduces the Kitchen Chemistry (KC) course and its influences on chemistry education as a whole. KC is considered to be a life-relevant learning environment that engages learners in science through the pursuit of personally relevant and meaningful goals. KC, as a form of interdisciplinary learning, aims to develop boundary-crossing skills and to support the development of pupils’ scientific thinking. The purpose of this research was to determine how KC as a context-based teaching approach applies to chemistry education and what it offers to chemistry teaching and teacher education. We found that KC gave lower secondary school pupils the opportunity to understand the chemical phenomena in a familiar context. Teachers of visiting groups saw that integration is the challenge: pupils often see the subjects of chemistry and home economics as separate entities. The chemistry education students highlighted real-world connections to chemistry concepts and contexts. They also found KC to be an interesting form of teaching chemistry. According to the KC course teachers, the students were motivated and excited, and provided positive feedback on the course. These findings suggest that teachers and teacher education students need to be guided in actively using integration.
A study of the physico-chemical properties of dried maritime pine resin to better understand the exudation process
Authors: Cabaret Thomas , Harfouche Nesrine , Leroyer Léo , Ledeuil Jean-Bernard , Martinez Hervé , Charrier Bertrand
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to have a better understanding of the phenomenon of resin exudation on pinewood boards due to the liquefaction of the resin caused by the heat of solar radiation. Resin exudation is a crucial problem for the maritime pine industry, as it may strongly decrease the wood’s aesthetics submitted to outdoor exposure. The softening temperature of dried pine resin was analyzed and the results were examined relative to its physico-chemical properties. To achieve this, resin samples were dried under different conditions (60°C, 120°C during 16 h and at 150°C during 24 h). After 3 months of post-drying at ambient temperature, their softening temperatures were measured by thermomechanical analysis. These same samples were subsequently studied to determine their chemical, structural and morphological properties. Samples with a low drying temperature (60°C) had high opacity attributed to crystallinity and porosity. These elements partially explained a higher softening temperature than for the other samples. Different chemical modifications of resin were also observed due to temperature, with a significant amount of oxidized derivatives for samples dried at low temperature and dehydrogenated compounds for samples dried at high temperature.
Exosomal MALAT1 derived from ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells induce neutrophil extracellular traps to aggravate atherosclerosis
Authors: Gao Hailai , Wang XiaoLi , Lin Chaolan , An Zhujun , Yu Jiangbo , Cao Huanyi , Fan Ying , Liang Xiao
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to reveal a novel mechanism underlying the progression of atherosclerosis (AS) associated with endothelial cells (ECs) and neutrophils. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used to observe the morphology and particle size of isolated exosomes. Western blotting was applied to examine exosomal markers, while the expression of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The production of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Circulating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were represented by myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complexes. NETs formation was assessed using immunofluorescence microscopy. Atherosclerotic lesion development was measured by Oil Red O (ORO) staining. In the results, MALAT1 expression was increased in exosomes extracted from oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). When co-cultured with human neutrophils, exosomes derived from ox-LDL-treated HUVECs were revealed to promote NETs formation, which was mediated by exosomal MALAT1. Furthermore, ox-LDL-treated HUVECs-derived exosomes were demonstrated to trigger hyperlipidemia, inflammatory response and NETs release in a mouse model of AS. In conclusion, exosomal MALAT1 derived from ox-LDL-treated ECs initiated NETs formation, which in turn deteriorated AS.
Production of Mo2NiB2 Based Hard Alloys by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Authors: Moghaddam Sevinch Rahimi , Derin Bora , Yucel Onuralp , Sonmez M. Seref , Sezen Meltem , Bakan Feray , Sanin Vladimir N , Andreev Dimitriy E
Published: July 2019

Mo-Ni-B-Al as-cast alloys containing 35.5-58.7 wt% Mo, 23.0-57.6 wt% Ni, 3.3-5.2 wt% B, and 2.2-13.5 wt% Al were synthesized by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) using a mixture of MoO3, NiO, B2O3 and Al powders in order to obtain low-cost Mo2 NiB2 containing hard materials. The first series of experiments were performed using 1.05 times the stoichiometric amount of Al. In the second series of experiments, FactSage thermochemical modeling software was used to minimize Al increasing the Mo2NiB2 formation in the as-cast alloys. The products were characterized by using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-hardness techniques.
Perioperative management of anticoagulant therapy
Authors: Wagner Johanna , Lock Johan F. , Kastner Carolin , Klein Ingo , Krajinovic Katica , Löb Stefan , Germer Christoph-Thomas , Wiegering Armin
Published: July 2019

About 10% of patients taking a chronic, oral anticoagulant therapy require an invasive procedure that can be associated with an increased risk for peri-interventional or perioperative bleeding. Depending on the risk for thromboembolism and the risk for bleeding, the physician has to decide whether the anticoagulant therapy should be interrupted or continued. Patient characteristics such as age, renal function and drug interactions must be considered. The perioperative handling of the oral anticoagulant therapy differs according to the periprocedural bleeding risk. Patients requiring a procedure with a minor risk for bleeding do not need to pause their anticoagulant therapy. For procedures with an increased risk for perioperative bleeding, the anticoagulant therapy should be adequately paused. For patients on a coumarin derivative with a high risk for a thromboembolic event, a perioperative bridging therapy with a low molecular weight heparin is recommended. Due to an increased risk for perioperative bleeding in patients on a bridging therapy, it is not recommended in patients with a low risk for thromboembolism. For patients taking a non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant, a bridging therapy is not recommended due to the fast onset and offset of the medication.
Evaluation of the antianxiety and antidepressant activities of mosapride in Wistar albino rats
Authors: Krishna Vybhava , Bairy KL , Patil Navin , Sunny Sweenly V.
Published: July 2019

Background

The 5HT4 receptor agonists are antidepressants with a unique mode of action. Many studies have been done on investigational drugs, and mosapride has been shown to have a 5HT3 antagonistic property. In this study, we assessed the potential anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of mosapride on Wistar albino rats.

Methods

The rats were randomly assigned to two models containing 4 groups of 6 animals each. In the anxiety model, four groups included 0.5 mL of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), mosapride 1.5 mg/kg, mosapride 3 mg/kg and diazepam 2 mg/kg. They were dosed for 5 days. On the 3rd day, the elevated plus maze (EPM) was conducted, and on the 5th day, the open field (OF) tests were conducted. In the depression model, four groups included 0.5 mL of 0.5% CMC, mosapride 1.5 mg/kg, mosapride 3 mg/kg and imipramine 30 mg/kg. After 3 days of dosing, the forced swim test (FST) was conducted, followed by a washout period of 1 month. Then, the rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress with sucrose preference.

Results

Compared with the control, the mosapride-treated animals showed significant anxiolytic behavior at both high and low doses in the EPM and OF tests. In the FST, both high and low doses of mosapride reduced immobility. The climbing behavior was prominent at a high dose of mosapride, whereas swimming was prominent at a low dose. In the chronic stress model, both doses of mosapride preserved sucrose preference comparable to imipramine.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that mosapride has anxiolytic and antidepressant activities at clinically used doses.
A Gaussian Process Framework for Overlap and Causal Effect Estimation with High-Dimensional Covariates
Authors: Ghosh Debashis , Cruz Cortés Efrén
Published: July 2019

A powerful tool for the analysis of nonrandomized observational studies has been the potential outcomes model. Utilization of this framework allows analysts to estimate average treatment effects. This article considers the situation in which high-dimensional covariates are present and revisits the standard assumptions made in causal inference. We show that by employing a flexible Gaussian process framework, the assumption of strict overlap leads to very restrictive assumptions about the distribution of covariates, results for which can be characterized using classical results from Gaussian random measures as well as reproducing kernel Hilbert space theory. In addition, we propose a strategy for data-adaptive causal effect estimation that does not rely on the strict overlap assumption. These findings reveal under a focused framework the stringency that accompanies the use of the treatment positivity assumption in high-dimensional settings.
The crystal structure of 1,6-di-tert-butyl-1,1,3,3,4,4,6,6-octamethyl-2,2,5,5-tetrakis (trimethylsilyl)hexasilane, C28H78Si10
Authors: Xiao Xu-Qiong , Xu Jun-Ting , Wu Yinan , Wang Qiong-Yan
Published: July 2019

C28H78Si10, monoclinic, Pn (no. 7), a = 21.413(4) Å, b = 9.8568(17) Å, c = 22.074(4) Å, β = 93.426(4)°, V = 4650.6(14) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0613, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1750, T = 296(2) K.
Fractal analysis of pore structures in graphene oxide-carbon nanotube based cementitious pastes under different ultrasonication
Authors: Gao Yuan , Jing Hongwen , Zhou Zefu
Published: July 2019

Nano cement additive using a hybrid of graphene oxide (GO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) combines the excellent affinity of GO and the superior mechanical properties of MWCNTs. Ultrasonication is the key process to disperse the GO/MWCNTs and further optimizes the pore structures of cement-based pastes. Fractal dimension can effectively and quantitatively characterize the pore structures of cementitious composites. The present study investigates the fractal dimensions of pore structures of GO/MWCNT-OPC pastes under power- and time-controlled ultrasonication based on the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests data. The finding of this study shows that comparing to calculating the fractal dimension of the overall pore size range, assessing the variations of fractal dimension of individual pore size range is more effective in evaluating the pore characteristic. The fractal dimension of larger capillary pores

$$\left( {{D}_{>{{10}^{4}}nm}} \right)$$can be use to describe the change of pore structure of GO/MWCNT-OPC pastes under ultrasonication treatment with sufficient accuracy as higher value of

$${{D}_{>{{10}^{4}}nm}}$$indicates better pore characteristics. The fractal dimension change trend of mesopores is always opposite to that of bigger capillary pores. Modest increment in both power- and time-controlled ultrasonication seems to result in the increase of the fractal dimension of capillary pores and lead to better reinforcement effects. Prolongation of ultrasonication time slightly influences the pore structure of the specimens, while nano cement additives exposed to excess ultrasonication power fail to afford adequate reinforcing effect and finally cause the deterioration of the pore structures. The findings of this study can provide helpful information of GO/MWCNT-OPC pastes and ultrasonication treatment in the future.
Effect of heat treatment on the thermophysical properties of copper-powder-filled polycarbonate and polycarbonate containing paraffin
Authors: Zouaoui Fairouz , Rouabah Farid , Nouar Yacine , Fois Magali
Published: July 2019

In this study, the effect of paraffin (PR) and copper (Cu) incorporation in polycarbonate (PC) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of PR incorporation in PC was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of thermal treatments on thermophysical properties was studied in PC/PR and PC/Cu composites by using the hot-disk method and a periodic method (DICO). Specimens were heated at 160°C (Tg + 15°C), then two different cooling methods were employed: furnace cooling (annealing) and water cooling (quenching) at 0°C and 35°C. The DSC results showed that a solid-liquid transition occurred in all PR formulations, as well as showed the plasticizing role of the PR additive. Thermal stability decreased with the addition of PR. Thermal conductivities (λ) increased with increasing Cu content and decreased with PR additive content, and the annealed samples showed a higher thermal conductivity (λ) than quenched ones. Meanwhile, a small difference between the thermal conductivity of the DICO samples and the hot-disk samples was noticed.
Protective Effects of Aminoguanidine against Sodium Metavanadate-Induced Spatial Memory Retention Impairment in Morris Water Maze
Authors: Tabrizian Kaveh , Esmaeilei Morteza , Hashemzaei Mahmoud , Esmaeilzaei Arezoo , Fanoudi Sahar , Sanati Mehdi , Belaran Maryam , Rigi Mehrafrooz , Bazi Ali , Anvari Najla , Rezaee Ramin
Published: July 2019

Background: Vanadium is a potential neurotoxic agent widely distributed in the environment. Understanding the neurotoxic mechanisms of vanadium on learning and memory seems necessary. Methods: We investigated the time-dependent (1-week, 2- week and 4-week) effects of sodium metavanadate (SMV) (25 mg/kg/day; pre-training oral administration) and 4-day intraperitoneal injections of aminoguanidine (AG) as a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg) on spatial memory retention in Morris water maze. Animals were trained for 4 days and tested 48 h after the last training trial. Results: The data showed that 4-week oral pre-treatment with SMV (25 mg/kg/day) induced spatial memory retention deficits and decreased the time spent in the target quadrant. We found that 4-day administration of different doses of AG during training trials significantly decreased the time and distance of finding the hidden platforms. Additionally, SMV-induced spatial memory retention impairments were prevented in animals received combined SMV (25 mg/kg/day, 4 weeks) and AG (10 mg/kg/day, 4 days). Conclusion: Our findings showed the protective role of AG on SMV-induced spatial memory retention deficits.
The Effect of Astragaloside IV on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Fathizad Fatemeh , Tamarzadeh Nezhla , Alsos Doa , Garjani Alireza , Vaez Haleh
Published: July 2019

Background: Astragaloside IV (AST) is a saponin from the roots of Astragalus plants which has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of AST on myocardial infarction remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the cardio protective effects of AST on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Methods: AST was isolated from the roots of Astragalus caspicus. Male Wistar rats were assigned to 5 groups of control, isoproterenol, and treatment with 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg AST given orally immediately before MI induction. Subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) for two consecutive days was used to induce myocardial infarction. AST was given orally once daily for 4 days. On the fifth day hemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters were assessed, and serum and tissue samples were used to evaluate histological and biochemical changes. To more assessment of the effects of AST on myocardium, we also used three doses of 0.1, 1 and 2 µM of AST in isolated heart model. In statistical analysis with one-way-ANOVA test, any differences between groups were considered significant at p<0.05. Results: Isoproterenol injection caused ECG abnormality, hemodynamic depression and myocardium damage. While AST administration increased mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate and improved the left ventricular contractility. The peripheral neutrophil count, cardiac enlargement and cardiac ischemia was significantly decreased by AST. Also, histopathological evaluations showed that AST significantly diminished post MI necrosis and fibrosis in heart tissue and inhibited the inflammatory responses. The isolated heart studies hemodynamic factors showed no significant changes. Conclusion: Results showed that AST can protect heart against myocardial infarction by improving cardiac histology and ventricular contractility. Due to the lack of protection in the isolated heart, it is likely that the positive effects are more associated with the improvement of the oxidative stress markers in the systemic circulation, and the absolute effect on the isolated heart does not play an essential role in myocardium protection.
MCF-7 and its Multidrug Resistant Variant MCF-7/ADR Overcome TNF Cytotoxicity through Prevention of Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation
Authors: Ghandadi Morteza , Behravan Javad , Biabani Samira , Abbaspor Sara , Mosaffa Fatemeh
Published: July 2019

Background: Signal transduction of numerous cytokines and growth factors are mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) have stimulated accumulation of ROS in various in vitro studies. MCF-7 and its Adriamycin resistant variant MCF-7/ADR are resistant against TNF-α cytotoxicity. Role of ROS in the resistance of MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells was investigated. Methods: ROS accumulation and viability in MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR after TNF-α exposure was evaluated using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) as a fluorescent probe and 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay respectively. Results: ROS level did not change significantly after TNF-α exposure. Induction of ROS accumulation along with TNF-α treatment sensitized these cells to TNF-α toxicity. Conclusion: It can be concluded that lack of ROS accumulation following TNF-α exposure is involved at least by part in the resistance of MCF-7 and its drug resistant derivative MCF-7/ADR cells to TNF-α cytotoxicity.
Antimicrobial Activity and Analysis of the Essential Oils of Selected Endemic Edible Apiaceae Plants Root from Caspian Hyrcanian Region (North of Iran)
Authors: Hamedi Azadeh , Pasdaran Ardalan , Pasdaran Arsalan
Published: July 2019

Background: Different endemic species of Apiaceae that widely grow in Hyrcanian region have long been used as spices and herbal remedies. Chemical compositions and bioactivity of many of these plants have not been studied scientifically. The volatile constituents and antimicrobial activity of four edible Apiaceae plants—Elaeosticta glaucescens Boiss, Malabaila secacul (Mill.) Boiss, Caucalis platycarpos L., and Eryngium caucasicum Trautv—roots were investigated. Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC–FID) methods were used for chemical investigation. Antimicrobial potential of the volatile compositions of these roots were investigated using the disc diffusion method on four microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis. Results: The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these species were revealed for B. subtilis and S. aureus (500 µg/mL for MIC and MBC) followed by E. caucasicum and C. platycarpus, respectively. The main compounds of E. caucasicum root essential oil were hexyl isovalerate (11.0%) and hexyl valerate (10.1%). E. glaucescens root essential oil was mainly composed of 3(10)-caren-4-ol, acetoacetic acid ester (9.8%), octyl isovalerate (8.9%), and octyl acetate (5.7%). In C. platycarpos root, hexyl isovalerate (9.2%) and n-octyl isobutyrate (8.5%) were constituted the major compositions of the essential oil while n-hexyl isobutyrate (8.5%) and hexyl hexanoate (7.8%) were predominant compounds in M. secacul. Conclusion: The essential oils of E. caucasicum and C. platycarpus roots were contained high amount of short chain fatty acid esters (SCFAE) and trans- pinocarvyl acetate. They exhibited moderate antibacterial activity.
Dicaffeoylquinic Acids from the Aerial Parts of Artemisia ciniformis Krasch. & Popov ex Poljakov
Authors: Nasseri Sajjad , Emami Seyed Ahmad , Mojarrab Mahdi
Published: July 2019

Background: Artemisia ciniformis (A. ciniformis) belongs to the genus Artemisia and grows at northeast of Iran. The current phytochemical study was carried out on the most potent extract in cell-free antioxidant assays. Methods: Hydroethanolic extract of the aerial parts was fractionated using vacuum-liquid chromatography (VLC). The selected fraction from the previous cell-free antioxidant study was purified by semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of isolated compounds were identified using one- and two-dimensional NMR and ESIMS techniques. Results: Three identified compounds in this study were the known isomers of dicaffeoylquinic acid (DCQ), including 3,5- DCQ (isochlorogenic acid A), 3,4-DCQ (isochlorogenic acid B) and 4,5-DCQ (isochlorogenic acid C). Conclusion: The outstanding free radical scavenging potential in the hydroethanolic extract of A. ciniformis might be partly related to the presence of isochlorogenic acid derivatives.
¿Qué más cuenta Centroamérica? Relatos de Vanessa Núñez y Alberto Sánchez Argüello
Authors: Fuentes Belgrave Laura
Published: July 2019

En la actualidad, el festival literario Centroamérica Cuenta tiene en su haber seis ediciones realizadas desde 2013. Esta iniciativa internacional, coordinada por el escritor nicaragüense Sergio Ramírez, año con año ha forjado un espacio de intercambio y reflexión para la narrativa centroamericana, proyectando las identidades, literaturas y realidades de la región a diversas zonas del orbe. Desde su inicio, el festival ha contado con la participación de más de 500 escritores del istmo, entre los cuales se encuentran la salvadoreña Vanessa Núñez y el nicaragüense Alberto Sánchez Argüello, representantes de una nueva generación centroamericana de narradores.

En el caso de la escritora Vanesa Núñez (1973, San Salvador), también abogada, docente y editora, incluimos un cuento inédito; “La familia”, de carácter amargo y afilado en su desenlace, como las vidas de muchas personas centroamericanas. Núñez ha publicado los libros: Los locos mueren de viejos (FyG Editores, 2008 y La Pereza, 2015), Dios tenía miedo (FyG Editores, 2011 y Editorial Piedrasanta, 2016), La caja de cuentos (libro objeto) (Alas de Barrilete, 2015), Espejos (Uruk Editores, 2015), Animales Interiores (en coautoría con Frida Larios, 2015), así como varios relatos en diversas antologías y revistas de España, Francia, Alemania, Suiza, Estados Unidos, Colombia, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala y México. Su obra ha sido igualmente traducida al francés, alemán e inglés.

En cuanto al narrador Alberto Sánchez Argüello (1976, Managua), también psicólogo, ilustrador y reconocido tuitero (de la aplicación Twitter), quien ha creado varios libros de micro-relatos a partir de tuits entrelazados (Parafernalia Ediciones Digitales), publicamos el micro-cuento “La estatua”. El relato se encuentra en diálogo con el cuento de Núñez, a partir de una visión cruda de los mandatos patriarcales imperantes en nuestras sociedades. Sánchez se ha enfocado en literatura juvenil e infantil, con la publicación de las siguientes obras: La casa del agua (Fondo Editorial Libros para niños, 2003), Mi amigo el dragón (Fondo Editorial Libros para niños, 2014), Los Monstruos bajo la cama (Loqueleo Santillana, 2016), Chico Largo y Charco Verde (Loqueleo Santillana, 2017) e Ítaca (Fondo Editorial Libros para niños, 2017). Su obra se ha publicado en antologías en Nicaragua, México, España, El Salvador, Bolivia, Chile y Perú. Algunos de sus cuentos están traducidos al inglés, portugués, italiano, alemán y vietnamita.
The Challenge of Treating Pulmonary Vasculitis in Behçet Disease: Two Pediatric Cases
Authors: Demir Selcan , Sag Erdal , Kaya Akca Ummusen , Hazirolan Tuncay , Bilginer Yelda , Ozen Seza
Published: July 2019

Behçet disease (BD) is a multisystemic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent mucocutaneous, ocular, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, central nervous system, and vascular manifestations. Pulmonary arterial involvement (PAI) of BD is probably the most severe form of vasculitis, at least in children. PAI has a high mortality, morbidity, and recurrence rate. There are limited data regarding treatment and outcomes of pediatric patients with BD with PAI. Herein, we report 2 pediatric patients with BD presented with hemoptysis and support our data with a systematic review. These patients were given immunosuppressive therapy, which covered pulse methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone, intravenous cyclophosphamide every 3 weeks for a total of 6 cycles, and interferon-α2a concomitantly. These are the first reported cases in the literature successfully treated with this treatment modality in a complication with 50% mortality. These patients have been followed up for a period of at least 4 years without any vascular recurrence. Pediatricians should be aware that patients with BD may not present with full diagnostic criteria. They should consider BD in a child with PAI to avoid diagnostic delay and start life-saving accurate immunosuppressive treatment.
Aspectos da religiosidade popular na cultura marítima no Atlântico, séculos XVI ao XIX
Authors: Rodrigues Jaime
Published: July 2019

O mundo do trabalho marítimo entre os séculos XVI e XIX foi marcado pela circulação espacial de grande número de pessoas. O longo afastamento da comunidade de origem e das instituições ali existentes teve implicações na construção de uma cultura marítima no Atlântico. Aqui serão analisados aspectos relacionados à religiosidade expressada a bordo e no âmbito das viagens de longo curso, onde destacaremos aspectos como, as cerimônias a bordo, a questão da devoção mariana e aos santos católicos e, um breve estudo de desvios e heterodoxias de marinheiros processados pelo Santo Ofício português.
Vidas deslocadas pelo colonialismo e pela guerra
Authors: Rodrigues Fatima Da Cruz
Published: July 2019

Quando uma guerra termina, não termina com ela tudo o que ela criou, modificou, violentou e destruiu. Depois de uma guerra, os que lhe sobrevivem têm de reconstruir-se e de recompor as suas vidas de acordo com esse legado em articulação com a realidade que o fim do conflito inaugura. Sobrevivem esses sobreviventes, e com eles as heranças que a guerra lhes deixou. É de algumas dessas heranças que trata este texto, que apresenta uma reflexão sobre a forma como a guerra colonial que Portugal travou em África entre 1961 e 1974 interferiu nos percursos de vida de antigos combatentes africanos que integraram as Forças Armadas Portuguesas (FAP) e que passaram a residir em Portugal, após a libertação dos territórios onde nasceram. Com base em um trabalho de pesquisa de caráter qualitativo com recurso a histórias de vida, procurou-se perceber o sentido que esses homens atribuíam aos seus percursos marcados por descontinuidades e momentos particularmente fraturantes no que toca a construção de projetos de vida. Para isso, caracterizam-se os diversos tipos de percursos que resultaram dessa análise, bem como alguns dos eixos discursivos que esses homens mobilizaram para justificar as diversas opções que tomaram ao longo dos mesmos. A análise é utilizada para interpelar a problemática da construção de identidades marcadas por descontinuidades e por posicionamentos aparentemente contraditórios.
Memórias da Violência Colonial: reconhecimentos do passado e lutas pelo futuro
Authors: Khan Sheila , Martins Bruno Sena , Cardina Miguel
Published: July 2019

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Introduction
Authors: Stroud Christopher , Peck Amiena , Williams Quentin
Published: July 2019

In this Special Issue, we bring together a collection of papers that develops a reading of linguistic landscapes through viscerals, that is, the gut, the heart, the liver and the stomach. We invite linguistic landscape studies (LLS) to ponder the usefulness and utility of psychology/cognition below the neck as yet another important dimension for understanding linguistic landscapes, and as a way to refine our approach to embodiment in linguistic landscapes specifically and in sociolinguistics more generally. The contributions to this Special Issue, from Qatar to Japan, push our understanding of social formations and how such formations emerge out of visceral readings of semiotic landscapes.
Stability and Hopf Bifurcation in Three-Dimensional Predator-Prey Models with Allee Effect
Authors: KUŞBEYZİ AYBAR İlknur
Published: July 2019

In this
study, we perform the stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis for two
population models with Allee effect. The population models within the scope of
this study are the one prey-two predator model with Allee growth in the prey
and the two prey-one predator model with Allee growth in the preys. Our
procedure for investigating each model is as follows. First, we investigate the
singular points where the system is stable. We provide the necessary parameter
conditions for the system to be stable at the singular points. Then, we look
for Hopf bifurcation at each singular point where a family of limit cycles
cycle or oscillate. We provide the parameter conditions for Hopf bifurcation to
occur. We apply the algebraic invariants method to fully examine the system. We
investigate the algebraic properties of the system by finding all algebraic
invariants of degree two and three. We give the conditions for the system to
have a first integral.
‘You go to campus with fear and come back with fear’: university students’ experiences of crime
Authors: Ross Eleanor , Rasool Shahana
Published: July 2019

In view of reports in the media on the spate of crimes plaguing South African universities, a qualitative study was conducted regarding the experience of crime by students from one urban-based university. The research formed part of a group project in which fourth-year social work students each conducted five interviews with students who were not their friends. Consistent with routine activity theory, students who were interviewed appeared to be vulnerable targets with a lack of guardianship, who were preyed on by motivated offenders. The most common crimes included theft of laptops and cell phones, and robberies at their places of accommodation. In line with cognitive behavioural theory, the crime encounter had profound psychological, financial and academic consequences for students. Students endeavoured to cope with the trauma of crime by adopting a variety of cognitive and behavioural strategies. Students’ recommendations for enhancing safety included universities increasing security measures through increasing patrols and CCTV surveillance cameras, and students adopting self-protection measures such as walking in groups, being more vigilant, and not walking with headphones on. These recommendations for enhancing guardianship on the part of university protection services and police, coupled with self-protection strategies on the part of students, can potentially reduce the risks of students becoming targets of criminal offenders.
Decolonizing incarcerated women’s identities through the lens of prison abolitionism
Authors: Dastile Nontyatyambo Pearl , Agozino Biko
Published: July 2019

Criminological discourses among people of African descent globally continue to suffer from a crisis of application of Western explanatory frameworks with gross implications on the development of African centered epistemologies and frameworks. One of the central arguments in this paper is that criminological discourses, specifically on class-specific, racialized-gendered identities of incarcerated women, are not free of the colonial matrices of power that underpin imperialism. What will emerge in this article is that incarcerated women’s identities should be reconstructed as women’s criminalization continues to be framed and presented in monolithic law and order ways. A focus on reconstruction is important to decolonize women’s imprisonment by imperialist white supremacist particularly focusing on how their pluralistic identities, which often collude and collide, shape their trajectories in unpredictable and criss-crossing ways to subject them to criminalization. An analysis of case studies presented in this paper will reveal how women’s experiences of womanhood are shaped by race, gender and class which produce different forms of subjectivities and embodied selves. Reimagining such identities from a lens of the coloniality of being therefore seeks to move away from single-strand criminological discourses which fail to capture the subtle social forms of oppression and resistance. The underlying question therefore is how can incarcerated women’s identities be reconstructed to challenge the hegemony of the western canon in criminology? The paper is organised into four sections. A case for re-imagining incarcerated women’s identities is made. The second theme, coloniality of being as a conceptual framework, is introduced as an overarching framework. Being one of the pillars of the decolonial epistemic perspective, the coloniality of being frames the black women’s lived experiences in institutional settings. The paper concludes by making a case for rethinking of dominant criminological discourses in order to shift the bio-graphy of knowledge in criminology in Africa. We recommend the abolition of the colonial and apartheid fetish of prisons for women and men in South Africa.
Towards transforming a system: re-thinking incarceration for youth (and beyond)
Authors: Marqua-Harries Lisa , Stewart Grant , Padayachee Venessa
Published: July 2019

Rethinking crime and punishment, especially with regard to youth, is a priority for South Africa; a country with high crime rates, recidivism and an overburdened criminal justice system. The present punitive and retributive system often only exacerbates many underlying causes of crime and violence, especially in young people. The failure of the present system suggests that the time is right for a paradigm shift in society's response to crime and punishment. A challenge to implementing any alternative justice model is to ensure that it does not continue to prop up the under-resourced, overburdened and dysfunctional criminal justice system it seeks to reform.  The current systemic crisis demands radical reform, not merely adopting a few well-meaning tweaks to a broken system. This article argues that the system and its various forms (including residential options but with an emphasis on community-owned interventions) need to be both trauma-informed and infused with an ethos of restorative justice. We articulate our explanations with youth as the focus and make proposals in light of this and suggest a path towards implementation.
On the Record: Sally Gandar and Popo Mfubu
Authors: Moult Kelley
Published: July 2019

On 19 June 2019, one day before World Refugee Day, the Western Cape High Court handed down judgment in a case brought by the University of Cape Town’s Refugee Rights Unit on behalf of the Scalabrini Centre of Cape Town, which sought to improve the lives of thousands of asylum-seeking families across South Africa. The order, which was made after successful negotiations with the Department of Home Affairs (DHA/The Department) means that wives, husbands, children and other dependents of asylum-seekers and refugees are now able to document themselves in South Africa as ‘dependents’ of the principle asylum applicant in a process commonly known as ‘family-joining’. This aspect of the Refugee Act – outlined at section 3(c) – means that refugee families can be documented together, ensuring their rights to family unity and dignity in South Africa.
The order confirms a set of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that had been agreed on by the applicants and DHA. The SOPs allow for refugees to apply to be documented (either through family joining or on their own grounds) upon provision of certain documents, where possible, such as a marriage certificate or birth certificate or affidavit (in the absence of such documents) – regardless of where the marriage or birth took place. Family joining can now also be completed regardless of whether the dependents in question were included in the applicant’s original asylum application or not. The SOPs also provide for DNA testing as a measure of last resort to confirm the validity of parents’ claim over their child. These changes mean that asylum-seeking and refugee families can now fulfil their right to access documentation in South Africa. Kelley Moult spoke to Sally Gandar, the Head of Advocacy and Legal Advisor for the Scalabrini Centre, and Popo Mfubu, an attorney at the Refugee Rights Unit, about the ground-breaking case.
Budgeting for Success
Authors: Elliot Kelly , Kellison Tim
Published: July 2019

There has been little research into the comparison of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) to predominantly white institutions (PWIs) in recent years.  With growing athletic department budgets, it is important to understand how HBCUs financially compare to their PWI counterparts.  Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how HBCU athletic departments compare to their peer PWIs in terms of athletic department spending and to conduct a budgetary analysis of HBCU athletic departments. To examine differences in athletics budgets, data were collected from the U.S. Department of Education’s Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act (EADA) Survey.  NCAA member institution peer groups with HBCU members were selected for this study.  Institutional data include salary, recruitment, operation, and scholarship expenses and revenue for peer groups. An ANOVA was conducted to compare peer institutions, institutions in the same region, by division, and overall.  The results indicated HBCU peer groups are spending significantly less compared to their PWI counterparts.  Additionally, among HBCU institutions, most athletic programs are spending the most on athletic aid expenses.  Similarly, HBCUs are earning significantly less revenue compared to their peers. Athletic department administrators can use the results of this study to help create budgets comparable to peer institutions.
Individual-level explanations of corruption within an intercollegiate context
Authors: Kihl Lisa
Published: July 2019

Understanding why individuals engage in sport corruption is an emerging topic of research. Micro-level accounts of corruption have generally used a single disciplinary approach toward understanding why actors commit corruption (e.g., doping and match-fixing) in specific sports. The purpose of this study was to first examine individual-level explanations of corruption in the context of intercollegiate athletics; and, second, to generate an interdisciplinary framework. A multi-case analysis was conducted of 20 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) major infractions (corruption) reports that occurred between 2005 and 2015. The findings showed that actors’ explanations were based on psychological factors—motivations (social relationship and self-interest) and personal norms, professional factors (abuse of power and failure of responsibilities), and justification factors (rationalizing strategies). This research builds on existing scholarship by generating an interdisciplinary framework of micro-level accounts of sport corruption in intercollegiate athletics.
ARTIRILMIŞ GERÇEKLİĞİN EĞİTSEL UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: DURAK Aykut , KARAOĞLAN YILMAZ Fatma Gizem
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmada artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının
yarattığı etkinin öğrenci gözünden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu
araştırmada ortaokul 7. ve 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin artırılmış gerçeklik
uygulamalarına dair görüşlerinin incelenmesi için nitel yöntemden
yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışma Teknoloji ve Tasarım dersine katılan 7. ve 8.
sınıf öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını
2016-2017 bahar döneminde 43 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında
öğrencilerin artırılmış gerçekliğe yönelik görüşlerini almak için veri toplama
aracı olarak bir form hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin geleneksel sınıf
ortamlarındaki ders etkinlikleri ile artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarını
karşılaştırmalarına dair görüşlerine göre en sık belirtilen kodların “eğlenceli
öğrenme ortamı sunmak” ve “öğrenme sürecini dikkat çekici ve etkili yapmak”
olduğu bulunmuştur. Öğrenciler artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının bundan sonraki
derslerde kullanılmasının ders başarısına olumlu katkı yapacağını
düşünmektedir. Ancak artırılmış gerçekliğin eğitim süreçlerine katkısının
olmayacağını belirten öğrenciler de vardır. Artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarını
kullanırken yaşanan güçlükler/zorluklar hakkındaki öğrenci görüşlerine göre en
sık “akıllı telefon sahipliğinin/erişiminin olmaması” olduğu görülmüştür.
Öğrencilerin artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamaları kullanımının en faydalı
olacağını düşündüğü dersi “Fen Bilimleri” olarak belirtmektedir.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ SANAL MÜZE UYGULAMALARINA YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: SUNGUR Türkan , BÜLBÜL Handan
Published: July 2019

Araştırmanın amacı sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının sanal
müze uygulamalarına yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Çalışma grubu, Giresun
Üniversitesi sınıf öğretmenliği anabilim dalı dördüncü sınıfta okuyan 41
öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, 2017-2018 öğretim yılı güz döneminde,
araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen açık uçlu anketle toplanmış, içerik
analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının
pek çoğunun lisans öğrenimleri boyunca gerçek veya sanal müze ile eğitime
yönelik deneyime sahip olmadıklarını göstermiştir. Buna karşın adaylar, lisans
öğrenimlerinde sanal müze ile eğitimi mesleki yeterlik açısından gerekli
görmektedirler. Ayrıca ilkokul düzeyindeki eğitimde sanal müze uygulamalarının
öğrenciler için yararlı olduğunu düşünmektedirler. Araştırma sonuçlarına
dayanarak, sınıf öğretmenliği lisans programında okutulan çeşitli derslerin
sanal müze uygulamalarıyla ilişkilendirilmesi önerilmektedir.