bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cloning and characterization of vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene promoter from wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Kharchia Local
Authors: GOYAL ETIKA , SINGH AMIT KUMAR , MAHAJAN MAHESH M , KUMAR ARUN , KUMAR KANIKA
Published: January 2023

Soil salinity is one of the significant abiotic stresses in plants. Few efficient stress-inducible promoters from plants, especially from monocotyledonous crops like wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are available to drive stress-inducible expression of transgene. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, during 2017–18 to clone and characterize stress-inducible promoter from wheat. Results found a 418 bp long NHX1 promoter (TaUNHX) from a bread wheat landrace, Kharchia Local. In silico analysis of TaUNHX predicted several cis-acting regulatory elements, including CAAT, DOF, GATA motifs and some essential stress-responsive elements. To analyze the activity of TaUNHX, Agrobacterium-mediated transient GUS assay in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves and stems was studied under various abiotic stresses like salt (300 mM NaCl), drought (20% PEG) and ABA (100 μM). Stress-responsive nature of this promoter can be used to drive the expression of transgene following exposure to various stresses. The study's finding has significant implications as the characterized promoter can be used to develop transgenics where the transgene expression can be induced following exposure to stress.
Status and way-forward in breeding potato (Solanum tuberosum) for resistance to late blight
Authors: GOPAL J
Published: January 2023

Improving host resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) has been a major concern of potato breeders since the Irish famine of 1840s. Since then, a number of late blight resistant potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars have been developed using both conventional and molecular techniques. However, resistance to late blight did not last long and broke down due to the emergence of more virulent races of Phytophthora infestans. This perspective paper presents the status of sources of resistance to late blight, defence mechanism of host against the pathogen and late blight resistance genes mapped, cloned, and transferred to cultivated potato. Considerable progress has been made in all aspects of breeding potato for resistance to late blight. However, a critical appraisal of the status of potato breeding for resistance to late blight suggests the continued need to identify new sources of resistance, transfer of resistance genes from diverse sources and stacking them in maximum number into individual plants. Other breeding strategies to combat this dreaded disease are also discussed.
Genetic assessments, dominance estimates of economic traits of gynoecious cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under Himalayas
Authors: TYAGI NIDHI , SHARMA H R , DOGRA R K , GUPTA MEENU
Published: January 2023

In India generally monoecious and cross-pollinated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) hybrids/varieties are grown. The use of stable gynoecious cucumber varieties/hybrids would increase the productivity of cucumber in India. In the past, despite improvement in monoecious cucumber varieties/hybrids, little effort has been done into the development of stable gynoecious hybrids. To address this issue 3 genetically diverse gynoecious lines and improvement, and 6 testers were crossed in line × tester fashion to develop 18 crosses during 2017. These 18 crosses along with 9 parents evaluated at the Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kandaghat, Himachal Pradesh and Dr. YSPUHF, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during pre-kharif season 2018–19 to determine the mode of gene action, combining ability, extent heterosis and potence ratio for 12 quantitative traits. Experimental results depicted that the dominant component of variance (σ2S) was found higher than the additive component of variance (σ2S) for all the traits indicating a predominant role of non-additive gene action governing yield and its contributing traits during both the years. Gynoecious inbred lines KTG-40, 2870G and testers K-90, UHF-16 were found most promising general combiners for fruit yield. The cross combination KTG-40 × K-90 and 2870G × K-90 isolated based on heterosis manifested and SCA effects. Further, the performance of top 7 heterotic crosses illustrate the presence of overdominance in most of the crosses for traits under study, suggesting the importance of heterosis breeding for the development of early, high-yielding, disease tolerance stable gynoecious hybrids in cucumber.
Crossability analysis of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) with O. rufipogon and O. longistaminata and F1-identification
Authors: CHAKRAWARTI NEHA , BORGOHAIN RUPAM , VERMA RAJSHREE , BARUA N SARMA
Published: January 2023

The research was conducted at Instructional cum Research (ICR) farm in Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam for the year 2019–21 with the objective to determine the crossability of wild rice species O. longistaminata and O. rufipogon with O. sativa and observe the inheritance of rhizome. In first year of experiment, varieties having good ratooning ability were identified. Out of them, five varieties namely Ranjit, Ranjit sub-1, IR-64, Binadhan-11 and Bahadur were crossed with both of the wild species. Crossablity of O. longistaminata with O. sativa ranged from 11.1% (Ranjit sub-1 × O. longistaminata) to 22.2% (Binadhan11 × O. longistaminata) while O. rufipogon with O. sativa ranged from 13.3% (Ranjit sub-1 × O. rufipogon) to 30% (Ranjit × O. rufipogon). All the hybrids except for IR64 × O. longistaminata were photoinsensitive as that of their female parent. Hybrids from O. sativa/O. longistaminata exhibited various distinguishing characters which can be used as morphological marker in order to identify true interspecific hybrids in further breeding programme. The pollen viability of these interspecific hybrids were found lower than both the parents. However, rhizome formation could not be observed in any hybrid.
Effect of organic culture on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under saline water irrigated condition of semi-arid region
Authors: CHOUDHARY KAMLA K , MEHTA R S , SHUKLA A K , MOHAMED M B NOOR , GUPTA DIPAK KUMAR , A KEERTHIKA , MEENA S R , SINGH DHEERAJ
Published: January 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of ICAR-CAZRI, Regional Research Station, Pali, Rajasthan during winter (rabi) season 2017–18 and 2018–19 to study the effect of organic culture on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under low saline water irrigated condition. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design consisting of 8 treatments of organic culture with 3 replications. The results revealed that application of organic culture through seed treatments and foliar spray (10%) at different growth stages significantly influenced the growth and yield attributes of wheat in pooled data of 2 years. Application of organic culture (T4) exhibited significantly the highest grain yield (4391 kg/ha) followed by T3 (4074 kg/ha) and T5 treatment (3912 kg/ha) over the control (3044 kg/ha) in both the years (pooled basis). Significantly the higher net return and Benefit cost (B:C) ratio of `75446/ha and 2.24, respectively was recorded under the T4 treatment while the lowest net return of `46178/ha and benefit cost ratio 1.40 was obtained under T1 (control) treatment.Thus, application of organic culture through seed treatment and foliar spray (10%) at 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) of wheat was found best for realizing higher growth, yield and benefits.
Sustainable Retaining Structure Incorporating Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Gofar Nurly , Satyanaga Alfrendo
Published: January 2023

Recycled concrete aggregate, that are easily found from destruction waste materials, has been used in the construction industry as an alternative for coarse aggregate component in concrete or as backfilling material in retaining structure. This paper presents the results of study on the use of the recycled concrete aggregate in the design of a newly developed sustainable retaining wall i.e., Geobarrier system (GBS). The GBS system was developed based on capillary barrier to limit water infiltration into the backfill soil while vegetative cover is used as provisions of the sustainable construction concept. Two types of concrete aggregate are used as components of capillary barrier i.e., fine and coarse aggregate. Laboratory test result shows the recycled concrete has similar mechanical and hydraulic properties as the natural aggregate; thus, can be used as alternative material. Stability and deformation analyses were carried out for 4 m high wall with 70o inclination. Results indicate that the retaining wall meet the requirement of the code of practice according to Eurocode 7 in terms of Factor of safety. Deformation analysis shows that the maximum deformation was only 4.5 mm at the bottom of the GBS wall.
Pembelajaran Daring pada Kegiatan Tutorial
Authors: Amran Rika
Published: January 2023

Pengaruh dari pandemi COVID-19 berdampak di hampir seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, pendidikan adalah salah satu sektor yang sangat terdampak kondisi pandemi ini. Upaya pemenuhan hak siswa untuk mendapatkan layanan pendidikan selama pandemic COVID-19 yaitu proses pembelajaran dilaksanakan melalui penyelenggaraan pembelajaran jarak jauh atau secara daring sesuai dengan Surat Edaran Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pencegahan COVID-19 Pada Satuan Pendidikan. Salah satu metode belajar yaitu metode pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). PBL adalah pembelajaran yang menggunakan masalah sebagai fokus belajar agar mahasiswa berpikir kritis dan mampu memecahkan masalah. Salah satunya yaitu kemandirian mahasiswa menjadi prinsip kegiatan tutorial. Tutorial adalah proses belajar dengan bimbingan tutor kepada mahasiswa, yang bertujuan meningkatkan belajar mandiri mahasiswa. Permasalahan yang terjadi di era pandemi saat ini, Sebagian mahasiswa mahasiswa belum terbiasa melakukan tutorial yang dilakukan secara daring. Karena terdapat banyak kendala seperti, laptop, jaringan, listrik, wifi atau paket data dan lain-lain. Terkadang membuat sebagian mahasiswa merasa panik, bosan, bingung dan kurang maksimal selama dilakukannya kegiatan tutorial berlangsung.
CẢI THIỆN CHẤT LƯỢNG XƯƠNG BẰNG CHẾ ĐỘ ĂN VÀ HOẠT ĐỘNG THỂ LỰC HỢP LÝ Ở NGƯỜI TRÊN 60 TUỔI
Authors: Nguyễn Xuân Ninh , Nguyễn Thùy Dương
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá thiệu quả cải thiện mật độ xương (MMD), chất lượng xương (BQI), mức cản siêu âm (BUA), bằng chế độ ăn và tập thể lực hợp lý ở người >60 tuổi.
Phương pháp: Khẩu phần ăn trung bình /ngày 2000Kcal, 1200mg Ca, 1,7g protein /kg cân nặng, 800IU vitamin D3. Tập thể dục 3 buổi/tuần x 60 phút/buổi với kháng trở mức độ vừa và nặng, 45 phút dưỡng sinh vào mỗi buổi sáng, 8h làm việc tại văn phòng. Đo mật độ xương (bone mineral density, BMD) gót chân bằng máy siêu âm định lượng (quantitative ultrasound, QUS) 6 tháng/lần.
Kết quả: Bắt đầu can thiệp đối tượng có T-score xương -2,4 (đạt 64,5%, nguy cơ loãng xương), sau 48 tháng thực hiện, T-score xương là 0,8 (113,9%, mức tốt); các chỉ số khác như chất lượng xương (BQI), BUA cũng tăng  từ  69,1 điểm, 39,5dB/MHz khi bắt đầu can thiệp lên 121,1điểm (tăng 95,6%) và 108,1dB/MHz sau 48 tháng.
Kết luận: Chế độ ăn và tập luyện hợp lý có tác dụng tốt phục hồi chất lượng xương ở người cao tuổi.
VI KHUẨN LACTIC: TIỀM NĂNG KHAI THÁC CÁC SẢN PHẨM CÓ HOẠT TÍNH SINH HỌC CAO CHO ỨNG DỤNG THỰC PHẨM VÀ DƯỢC PHẨM
Authors: Nguyễn Phú Thọ , Nguyễn Hữu Thanh
Published: January 2023

Vi khuẩn Lactic (LAB) đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong các ứng dụng công nghiệp thực phẩm, dược phẩm. Cùng với axit lactic, việc sản xuất bacteriocin và các hợp chất kháng nấm có thể áp dụng làm chất bảo quản trong một số loại thực phẩm. Hơn nữa, nhờ các đặc tính tăng cường sức khỏe, một số chủng probiotic có nguồn gốc từ LAB đã được khai thác ứng dụng trong dược phẩm và thực phẩm chức năng. LAB cũng có tiềm năng để sản xuất các chất có hoạt tính sinh học như exopolysacharide, axit lipoteichoic, axit linoleic liên hợp,... với các ứng dụng khác nhau. Để khai thác hiệu quả quá trình lên men LAB, các thách thức vẫn nằm ở sự kết hợp của quá trình lên men và tách chiết để đảm bảo sự ổn định hoạt tính sinh học của các sản phẩm lên men.
TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG CỦA 50 BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÝP 2 NỘI TRÚ Ở BỆNH VIỆN THỐNG NHẤT NĂM 2022
Authors: Lâm Khắc Kỷ , Bùi Ngân Giang , Phạm Thị Thùy Trinh , Dương Thị Kim Loan , Trần Quốc Cường
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định tình trạng dinh dưỡng ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 đang điều trị nội trú và các yếu tố liên quan.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả trên 50 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 tại khoa Nội tiết Bệnh viện Thống Nhất. Tình trạng dinh dưỡng được đánh giá theo chỉ số khối cơ thể BMI, albumin huyết thanh và đánh giá tổng thể chủ quan SGA.
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân thừa cân-béo phì chiếm 34% và BMI <18,5 kg/m2 là 20%. Bệnh nhân có albumin < 35 g/L là 70%. Suy dinh dưỡng theo SGA chiếm 90%. Không tìm thấy mối liên quan giữa tình trạng dinh dưỡng theo SGA với các bệnh lý-biến chứng, các chỉ số xét nghiệm cận lâm sàng và BMI. Phương pháp đánh giá theo SGA và albumin huyết thanh có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê với p = 0,035.
Kết luận: Suy dinh dưỡng là vấn đề rất phổ biến ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường nội trú. Cần kết hợp thêm các phương pháp SGA và albumin để đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng bên cạnh việc sử dụng BMI ở đối tượng này.
TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG CỦA TRẺ 36-59 THÁNG TUỔI TẠI CÁC TRƯỜNG MẦM NON HUYỆN LỤC NAM, TỈNH BẮC GIANG NĂM 2020
Authors: Nguyễn Lân , Phí Ngọc Quyên , Đỗ Thị Hải Yến , Phạm Việt Dũng , Trần Thị Thu Trang , Hà Huy Tuệ , Nguyễn Võ Lộc , Trương Tuyết Mai
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng trên trẻ 36-59 tháng tuổi tại một số trường mầm non huyện Lục Nam tỉnh Bắc Giang.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả được tiến hành trên 579 trẻ 36-59 tháng tuổi tại 3 trường mầm non của 3 xã thuộc huyện Lục Nam tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2020.
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng (SDD) chung thể nhẹ cân là 11,4%; thấp còi là 13,8%; gầy còm là 2,8%; không có trẻ thừa cân béo phì (TCBP). Tỷ lệ SDD thấp còi chung ở trẻ trai và trẻ gái là 16% và 11,4%. Ở nhóm 36-47 tháng tuổi, tỷ lệ SDD thấp còi ở trẻ trai cao gần gấp đôi so với trẻ gái (17,2% so với 9,4), với p<0,05. Ở nhóm 48-59 tháng tuổi tỷ lệ SDD thể gầy còm ở trẻ gái cao gần gấp 3 lần so với trẻ trai (3,4% so với 1,2%). Ngược lại, ở nhóm 36-47 tháng tuổi tỷ lệ SDD thể gầy còm ở trẻ trai gần ở trẻ gái (3,4% so với 3,1%) (p>0,05).
Kết luận: Suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi và nhẹ cân là vấn đề chủ yếu ở trẻ 36-59 tháng tuổi tại địa bàn nghiên cứu. Cần có những giải pháp can thiệp dinh dưỡng phù hợp nhằm cải thiện SDD thấp còi cho trẻ em lứa tuổi mầm non tại địa bàn nghiên cứu.
VAI TRÒ CỦA DINH DƯỠNG ĐẬU NÀNH ĐỐI VỚI SỨC KHỎE TIM MẠCH
Authors: Nguyễn Trọng Hưng , Lê Hoàng Duy , Ninh Thị Nhung , Phạm Thị Dung , Phạm Ngọc Khái
Published: January 2023

Bệnh lý tim mạch là một trong những nguyên nhân gây tử vong hàng đầu trên thế giới cũng như tại Việt Nam với xu hướng ngày càng trẻ hóa. Một trong những nguyên nhân chính dẫn đến các bệnh lý tim mạch là chế ăn ăn uống, sinh hoạt không hợp lý. Đậu nành và các loại thực phẩm chế biến từ đậu nành đã được các nước Châu Á sử dụng lâu đời. Hạt đậu nành chứa nhiều thành phần dinh dưỡng có giá trị như chất đạm (protein), chất béo (fat) (chủ yếu là acid béo chưa no), chất bột đường (carbohydrate) và các nguyên tố vi lượng, chất xơ, phytosterol. Trong hơn 40 năm qua, thực phẩm từ đậu nành đã được nghiên cứu về nhiều lợi ích sức khỏe, đặc biệt đối với bệnh lý tim mạch nhờ ba thành phần chính là đạm, chất béo và isoflavone với các cơ chế tác động khác nhau. Trong khuôn khổ bài tổng quan này, chúng tôi trình bày tổng hợp các nghiên cứu đã được công bố trên thế giới về các thành phần dinh dưỡng có trong hạt đậu nành cũng như sản phẩm từ đậu nành đối với sức khỏe tim mạch. Với những kết quả nghiên cứu này, sản phẩm từ đậu nành đóng vai trò quan trọng trong chế độ ăn lành mạnh nhằm giảm nguy cơ mắc bệnh lý tim mạch.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM MỘT SỐ CHỈ SỐ NHÂN TRẮC VÀ TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG CỦA PHỤ NỮ TỪ 40-65 TUỔI TẠI HÀ NỘI NĂM 2016
Authors: Le Thi Huong Giang , Lê Danh Tuyên , Bùi Văn Tước , Nguyễn Thị Huyền Trang , Phạm Minh Phúc , Bùi Thị Nhung
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm một số chỉ số nhân trắc và tình trạng dinh dưỡng ở phụ nữ từ 40-65 tuổi tại Hà Nội.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 673 phụ nữ tuổi từ 40-65 sinh sống tại phường Dương Nội, Phù La quận Hà Đông và xã Chúc Sơn, Phù Nghĩa huyện Chương Mỹ. Một số chỉ số nhân trắc được đánh giá gồm chiều cao, cân nặng, BMI, vòng eo, vòng mông. Tình trạng dinh dưỡng được phân loại theo chỉ số BMI và béo bụng khi vòng eo > 80 cm và béo trung tâm khi tỷ số vòng eo/vòng mông > 0,8..
Kết quả: BMI trung bình của đối tượng nghiên cứu là 24,1±3 kg/m2. Tỷ lệ thừa cân-béo phì của phụ nữ 40-65 tuổi tại địa điểm nghiên cứu là 36,41%. Tỷ lệ đối tượng béo bụng chiếm 78 %, béo trung tâm chiếm 98,1%. Tỷ lệ béo bụng là 55,9% ở nhóm BMI < 23 (kg/m2) và 92,8% ở nhóm BMI ≥ 23 (kg/m2).
Kết luận: Tỷ lệ cao thừa cân-béo phì, béo trung tâm và béo bụng ở phụ nữ 40-65 tuổi tại địa điểm nghiên cứu và tương tự nhau giữa các nhóm tuổi và khu vực sinh sống. Tỷ lệ béo bụng và béo trung tâm cao lần lượt gấp 2 và 3 lần tỷ lệ thừa cân-béo phì.
TÌNH TRẠNG THỪA CÂN, BÉO PHÌ VÀ HOẠT ĐỘNG THỂ LỰC CỦA NGƯỜI LAO ĐỘNG NHẬP CƯ TẠI MỘT CƠ SỞ SẢN XUẤT Ở THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
Authors: Phạm Trần Thiên Nhân , Bùi Thị Nhung , Huỳnh Phương Tú , Phạm Thị Oanh , Lê Huy Hoàng
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng thừa cân, béo phì và hoạt động thể lực (HĐTL) của người lao động (NLĐ) nhập cư tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.

Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 320 người lao động nhập cư tại Công ty Đức Bổn. Chiều cao được đo bằng thước Microtoise; cân nặng và phần trăm mỡ cơ thể bằng cân đo điện trở kháng Tanita SC – 331S; đo lường HĐTL bằng “bảng câu hỏi đo lường hoạt động thể lực toàn cầu GPAQv2”. Phần trăm mỡ cơ thể cao khi > 25% ở nam và > 30% ở nữ; mức khuyến nghị về HĐTL của WHO là ≥ 600 MET-phút/tuần.

Kết quả: Tỷ lệ NLĐ thừa cân (BMI ≥ 25) và béo phì (BMI ≥ 30) lần lượt tương ứng: 22,8% và 2,5 %, tỷ lệ người lao động có phần trăm mỡ cơ thể cao là 19,1%. Tỷ lệ người lao động đạt mức khuyến nghị HĐTL của WHO là 60,9%. Người lao động đạt mức khuyến nghị của WHO về HĐTL có khả năng mắc TC-BP thấp hơn 0,28 (0,17–0,48) lần so với nhóm không đạt.

Kết luận: Tỷ lệ TCBP ở người lao động nhập cư tại công ty trách nhiệm hữu hạn Đức Bổn ở mức cao so với các nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại thành phố trước đây; Hoạt động thể có mối liên quan đến thừa cân- béo phì ở người lao động.
TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA NGƯỜI LAO ĐỘNG TẠI CÔNG TY THAN QUẢNG NINH NĂM 2021
Authors: Phạm Thu Thủy , Nguyễn Hữu Chính , Nguyễn Thị Huyền Trang , Nguyễn Đỗ Vân Anh , Bùi Văn Tước , Phạm Minh Phúc , Lương Mai Anh , Trần Bích Thủy , Trịnh Bảo Ngọc , Bùi Thị Nhung
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng và một số yếu tố liên quan của người lao động tại công ty than Quảng Ninh.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 400 nam công nhân mỏ từ 20-49 tuổi tại công ty Than Quảng Ninh năm 2021. Điều tra khẩu phần bằng phương pháp hỏi ghi 24 giờ kết hợp cân đong. Tình trạng dinh dưỡng được phân loại theo chỉ số khối cơ thể (BMI), đánh giá khẩu phần theo Nhu cầu dinh dưỡng khuyến nghị cho người Việt Nam năm 2016.
Kết quả: Công nhân mỏ công ty Than Quảng Ninh có 15,5 % thừa cân (25£BMI<29 kg/m2), 0,5% béo phì (³30 kg/m2), 2% thiếu năng lượng trường diễn (BMI<18,5 kg/m2). Giá trị trung vị của khẩu phần mỗi ngày gồm 2768,4 Kcal năng lượng, 105,1 g protein, 67,3 g lipid, và 437,8 g glucid. Nhóm công nhân sửa chữa, vận hành cơ điện có tỉ lệ thừa cân, béo phì và  thiếu năng lượng trường diễn cao hơn ở công nhân khai thác, vận chuyển than (p<0,05).
Kết luận: Thừa cân là vấn đề dinh dưỡng chủ yếu của người lao động tại Công ty Than Quảng Ninh. Khẩu phần của công nhân cân đối, có mức năng lượng và hàm lượng các chất sinh năng lượng đáp ứng nhu cầu dinh dưỡng khuyến nghị. Có mối liên quan giữa tình trạng dinh dưỡng với vị trí việc làm của người lao động.
Profile: Sinead Conneely and Laura Hannigan
Authors: Whitelaw Jackie
Published: January 2023

Four thirty-somethings are just over one year into life as the Simple Works structural practice. Jackie Whitelaw talked to two of the founders, Sinead Conneely and Laura Hannigan, about branching out on their own, and shaping the future.
Persuasion and influence in a climate emergency
Authors: Algaard William
Published: January 2023

William Algaard presents ways in which structural engineers can help shape the direction of a project by confidently and constructively sharing their expertise in a language that client and architect will understand.
Business Practice Note No. 35: Dealing with unauthorised changes on site
Authors: Pitchers Simon
Published: January 2023

In this note, Simon Pitchers provides advice to structural engineering professionals on how to proceed if they become aware that an unauthorised change to the design has taken place on site.
Lean yet resilient - designing for the future
Authors: Field Caroline
Published: January 2023

Caroline Field explores the relationship between ‘lean’ and ‘resilient’ design, and discusses how future designs should evaluate risks and incorporate strategies to mitigate and adapt to these.
Viewpoint. A curriculum for the climate emergency: what questions should we be asking?
Authors: Broadbent Oliver , Norman James
Published: January 2023

Oliver Broadbent and James Norman call for a rethink of engineering education to meet the needs of an industry adapting to the demands of the climate emergency.
Understanding the cost of structural steelwork. Part 1: Initial estimates
Authors: Dolling Chris , Moore David
Published: January 2023

Cost is a key consideration in many design decisions, so an understanding of approximate costs and cost drivers is a professional skill that structural engineers are advised to develop through their careers. This article is the first of two; it provides an introduction to initial cost estimates for structural steelwork and the key cost drivers in the early design stages of a project. The second article will present some best practice design guidance for optimising the cost of steel construction to provide best value during design development.
MULTIPLICACIÓN in vitro DE Phalaenopsis sp. USANDO REGULADORES DE CRECIMIENTO VEGETAL, AGUAMIEL Y PULQUE (COMPLEJOS ORGÁNICOS)
Authors: Arzate Ferández Amaury Martín , Rosas Chávez Rodrigo , Norman Mondragón Tomás Héctor , Corona Rodríguez María del Carmen , Piña Escutia José Luis
Published: January 2023

Background: Phalaenopsis is an orchid of economic importance worldwide. Its natural reproduction is slow due to its monopodial growth (a single apical meristem). Therefore, it is necessary to make in vitro propagation protocols more efficient. Objectives: 1. To evaluate three concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in combination with three of 6-Benzyl Adenine (BA) in the in vitro induction of protocormic like bodies (PLBs) at from leaf explants of Phalaenopsis sp. var. Dudu, under three periods of darkness, 2. To test the effect of four concentrations of honey water and fermented sap, as organic complexes (CO), on the in vitro multiplication rate of PLBs. Methodology: Two tests were carried out: Test 1. Three concentrations of 2,4-D (3, 4, 5 mgL-1) and three of BA (1, 2, 3 mgL-1) were evaluated in leaf explants of Phalaenopsis sp., combined with three periods of darkness 14, 21, 28 days in a completely randomized design with a trifactorial arrangement (27x10). Test 2. Four concentrations of honey water and fermented sap (0, 10, 50, 100 mlL-1) were evaluated, arranged in a completely random design (8x10). Results: The best combination of plant growth regulators (PGR) for the formation of PLBs (14 PLBs/explant) was with 5 mgL-1 of 2,4-D and 2 mgL-1 of BA, during 21 days of darkness. Regarding the use of CO, the addition of 10 mlL-1 of fermented sap and 50 mlL-1 of honey water induced the highest rates of multiplication of PLBs/explant (41.4 and 39.6 PLBs). The regeneration of Phalaenopsis sp. from PLBs occurred in 225 days. Implications: The results obtained in the two trials are the basis for establishing a protocol for the multiplication of Phalaenopsis sp. Conclusions: The combination of 5 mgL-1 of 2,4-D and 2 mgL-1 of BA produced the highest number of PLBs/explant (14) at 21 days of darkness and subsequent light exposure for six weeks. On the other hand, the addition of 10 mlL-1 of fermented sap and 50 mlL-1 of honey water as CO induced the highest rates of PLBs multiplication (41.4 and 39.6 PLBs, respectively). 100% survival of seedlings was observed after 21 days of acclimatization, under greenhouse conditions.
DIVERSITY OF LOCAL MAIZE IN EJIDOS OF THE FRAILESCA REGION OF CHIAPAS, MEXICO
Authors: Fonseca Flores María De los Angeles , Guevara F. , García A. , Márquez C. , Parra M.
Published: January 2023

Background: In studies of local maize diversity, conservation is often identified as a linear process, related to the limited analysis of the implications of technological change, especially improved commercial seed, on local maize potential and its conservation. This generates increasing socio-technical complexity Objective: To characterize the potential of local maize present in two ejidos of the Frailesca region of Chiapas, considering the farmers' knowledge about them and the configurations they adopt together with other maize in the context of technological change. Methodology: Using the snowball technique, peasant domestic production units that conserve local maize (LM) were identified and samples were collected. The ethnographic method was used to deepen the farmers' knowledge of the local varieties and the configurations they share with other maize. The characteristics of the ear and kernel of the collected LM were described. Results: In the selected peasant domestic production units farmers maintain 15 varieties of LM based on a broad knowledge of these varieties; the basis of the selection process, conservation and adaptation to the conditions where they preserve them. According to the parameters of grains and cobs the LM collected are concentrated in three groups and form non-linear configurations with improved maize and other local varieties, in correspondence with the homogenizing technological flow typical of the Frailesca region. Implications: This productive environment where the conservation of LM is developed makes evident the importance of an integrative approach to capture their growing socio-technical complexity. Conclusions: The LM potential evidenced permanence and morphological variability despite the homogenizing effect of technological change in the study area, where the socio-technical framework of LM conservation becomes more complex and the broad expert knowledge of farmers on the management of maize diversity acquires greater relevance. 
EFFECTS OF WEED CONTROL METHODS ON WEEDS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RANGE GRASSES IN SEMI-ARID KENYA
Authors: Kisambo Bosco Kidake , Ogillo Bryan Peter , Musyimi David
Published: January 2023

Background: Weeds are a common occurrence and challenge in different crops eventually influencing crop development and yields. Weed control and management are key in enhancing the productivity of cultivated pastures. In semi-arid Kenyan drylands, the main methods employed for weed management are manual cultural practices and recently, the application of commercial herbicides. Objective: To evaluate the effects of two weed control methods on weed characteristics and productivity of four rangeland grasses commonly used in reseeding and pasture improvement in a semi-arid environment. Methodology: In a randomized complete block design in a field experiment, we determined the effects of two weed control methods (manual and herbicide use) in four rangeland cultivated grasses. These are Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris), Horsetail grass (Chloris roxburghiana), Masaai love grass (Eragrostis superba) and Bush rye (Enteropogon macrostachyus). Weed characteristics (species, density, diversity and weed biomass,) were evaluated, as well as the effectiveness of the weed control methods in the grasses. Results: Broad-leaved weeds and annual grasses were prevalent in the established grasses. Generally, higher grass dry matter yields were obtained in Cenchrus ciliaris grasses (2.05 t h-1) while lowest yields were in Chloris roxburghiana (1.2 ton ha-1). Weed management interventions increased biomass production in the grasses by a mean of 19% in general. The mean yield increase varied with species and weed control method ranging from 8-39%. Weed control methods significantly reduced weed density, diversity and eventually weed biomass within the grass species. The efficacy of manual weed control and chemical application was in the range of 27-74%.  Implications: Weed control is, therefore, necessary if one is to realize higher productivity and returns in cultivated pasture and fodder systems in semi-arid environments. Conclusion: Both chemical and manual control methods of weed control are important and effective approaches to manage weeds in pasture systems in semi-arid environments.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE PROTEÍNAS EFECTORAS MEDIANTE ESPECTROMETRÍA DE MASAS MALDI TOF/TOF DEL NEMATODO AGALLADOR DE LA RAÍZ Meloidogyne javanica
Authors: Córdova-Campos José , Calle-Ulfe Pedro G , Suarez-Peña Erick , Mendez-Farroñan Sandra , Lindo-Seminario David Enrique , Gutiérrez Calle Savina , Morales-Pizarro Arturo , Cedeño-Escobar Virna , Mialhe-Matonnier Eric , Condemarín-Montealegre Carlos
Published: January 2023

Background: The main problem in grapevine cultivation is root-attachment nematodes cause serious yield problems in most crops worldwide. Through their different infection mechanisms these nematodes synthesize and secrete a mixture of protein-based effectors that they use to penetrate the root, migrate and develop into giant root feeding cells in host plants. The use of new molecular tools such as MALDI TOF/TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time-Of-Flight) mass spectrometry and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique have allowed us to know these proteins and genes in different microorganisms. Objective: To characterize the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by sequencing the 18S rRNA gene from infected root samples and the effector proteins of juvenile (J2) and adult (J4) stage of M. javanica by MALDI TOF/TOF shotgun proteomics dual mass spectrometry. Methodology: Infected roots of grapevine crop were collected to extract fresh galls and J2 of M. javanica, then inoculated on tomato plants. J4 of M. javanica were used for genomic DNA extraction and sequencing at the 18S rRNA gene level. The J2 and J4 stages of M. javanica were disinfected with sodium hypochlorite (0.5%) and sterile distilled water for protein extraction and analysis with MALDI-TOF/TOF. Finally, the sequences obtained were processed with ProteinPilot™ and Protein BLAST software for the identification of effector proteins of M. javanica. Results: The nematode M. javanica was molecularly identified by PCR amplification of the 18S rDNA gene M. javanica with an identity percentage of 98% from infected root samples and by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, effector protein sequences were identified such as: Beta-1,4-endoglucan and polygalaturonase, identified from J2, and expansin B2, CLAVATA3/ESR, Pectate lyase and Chorismato mutase from J4, involved in the different infection processes. In addition, we were able to identify 49 nematode non-effector proteins in both stages related to conserved biological development. Implications: The results indicate the existence of effector proteins related to root gill formation. Conclusions: This study confirms that dual mass spectrometry methodology provides in a rapid and reproducible way a proteomic profile that the galls nematode synthesizes to infect root cells and that can be used in other types of pathogens.
CAPTIVE BREEDING OF THE RECENTLY DISCOVERED SNAKEHEAD SPECIES Channa andrao BRITZ, 2013 BY HABITAT MANIPULATION
Authors: NAYAK NIPEN , DOHUTIA SEUJ , SONOWAL JYOTIRMOY , DUTTA JOYLUXMEE , BISWAS SHYAMA PRASAD
Published: January 2023

Captive breeding is considered as one of the most important aspects of the conservation of fish species. The breeding operation of many snakehead species is done using synthetic hormones, but no report is available on breeding by habitat manipulation without using hormones. Pairing among brooders is a common phenomenon in snakehead species. This article thus focuses on the captive breeding of Channa andrao following the pairing technique. Two pairs of brooders successfully bred in our experimental trial with the highest fertilization rate (85%) and hatching rate (86%) of fish of length-weight 10.33 cm and 11.05 cm in males and 11.23 g and 11.33 g in females. Suitable water parameters were maintained during the breeding period.
PENERAPAN APLIKASI E-COMMERCE BERBASIS BUSINESS TO CONSUMERS PADA TOKO CANADA MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK CODEIGNITER
Authors: David  , Bella Melinda Meyrisia
Published: January 2023

Toko Canada is a company that sells various kinds of fashion needs for men and women. The system used in sales activities is still manual, which is still using notebooks in processing the data. So in carrying out sales activities is still difficult and takes a lot of time. There needs to be a sales system to facilitate sales activities. Business To Consumers is one of the e-commerce models, which is a business process where sales deal directly with buyers. Buying and selling directly through word of mouth is still done in the era of technological developments like now. However, the buying and selling process was deemed less efficient and the scope of sales was felt to be less extensive. So that these problems are not sustainable, an e-commerce business model website will be built for customers. In building an e-commerce system, the author uses the prototype method by designing the system using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). Then MySQL supported to manage existing databases. The final result of this research is an e-commerce system at Toko Canada that can help and facilitate various sales activities. The conclusion of this research is that the sales application that has been made makes it easy for owners to get accurate reports and can also help employees to record reports.
SISTEM PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN KENAIKAN JABATAN KARYAWAN DENGAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Oswald Mokirimban Kefas , Herwana  , Arni Sitti
Published: January 2023

PT. United Tractors is a company engaged in the distribution of heavy equipment, but the current problem that is often the main focus for employees regarding promotions at PT. United Tractors, which often appears as a result of measuring tools in the process of increasing positions, still seems manual which is assessed directly by the company's leadership, especially in measuring work performance, performance and discipline. This study aims to facilitate the leadership and speed up the selection process for employee promotions using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The final result of this research is to create a web-based application system that is used as a decision support system for employee promotions using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, easy to implement and can be calculated by the system using predetermined criteria and weights.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN DALAM MENENTUKAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP PELAYANAN PADA CAFE ALGO MAKASSAR
Authors: Supriadi  , Yahya Kurnia
Published: January 2023

Decision Support Systems can be defined as information systems and analytical models designed to determine decision makers to get better information. By utilizing this SPK, it is believed that it will really help dynamics in overcoming problems to determine the level of customer satisfaction with Cafe Algo services. The SPK method in this study uses SAW, this method is used to determine the weight of the criteria for attributes, in the positioning system. it will create the best option with absolutely precise calculations. The alternative is customers assessing service quality based on predetermined standards. The final result of this calculation concludes that in general, the average customer is satisfied with the service quality of Cafe Algo.
Instillation of The Value of Caring for the Environment at Elementary Students in Pamekasan, Indonesia
Authors: Mu’ammar Muhammad Arfan , Badri Moh.
Published: January 2023

It is possible to develop an effective green society through environmental education in schools. Schools play a special role as places of learning. Schools can help students understand the impact of human behaviour on the planet. The Adiwiyata program is designed to create school citizens who are responsible for environmental protection and management through superior school operations to support sustainable development. The Adiwiyata program combines learning and behaviour to provide an effective way to change behavior. Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mambaul Ulum I Bata-Bata Panaan Palengaan Pamekasan is expected to be a mediator of change in the community around the school. Schools need to be role models for creating a healthy and comfortable environment, as well as being role models for creating school citizens who care and are environmentally friendly. In this case, the school community is expected to be a role model and convey the nature of their concern for the environment to the surrounding community. The purpose of this research was the efforts of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata Panan Palengan Pamekasan in creating environmentally friendly students by building character. Therefore, this research was a descriptive research, namely research that tried to explain a certain phenomenon, event, or event by using qualitative data. The data analysis used an interactive data analysis model. Namely through interviews, observation, and documentation. Based on the research here, the researcher concluded that self-development programs, disciplined learning processes, motivate the importance of cleanliness in the classroom and in the school environment, development of school environment health, and school culture. Inhibiting factor in MI. Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata was a facility that breaks down quickly. Inhibiting factor in MI. Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata were: limited land and finances.
Pollution and treatment of industrial waste water
Authors: Farjana Islam  , Anindita Saha  , Shamima Shultana  , Ruhul A Khan
Published: January 2023

Every year, a massive amount of wastewater is discharged into water bodies from various industries, and numerous processes are used to treat wastewater to reduce the number of pollutants. Industrial wastewater can be very different from sewage in terms of its discharge patterns and compositions. The overall scenario is not different for Bangladesh a developing country. Hence, the industrial wastewater treatment process has undergone modification as time passes newly discovered dangerous substances in the industrial wastewater treatment process worldwide. Multiple methods including conventional and advanced methods are upheld in this present paper with advantages and disadvantages also illustrated there. Besides, the potential for integrating two or more technologies to enhance treatment efficiency is also addressed. Considering low cost as well as maintenance purposes, among all the methods, hybrid or integrated technologies are found effective to reduce the contamination level of wastewater.
Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) in Filipino Adolescents
Authors:   Department of Psychology, De La Salle University Manila, Philippines, Simon Patricia , Bernardo Allan
Published: January 2023

The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) is a commonly used screener of mental health symptoms, and researchers continue to study the scale’s psychometric properties in different cultures and age groups. We tested the longitudinal measurement invariance of the DASS-21 across two time points on a sample of 312 Filipino adolescents. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated adequate fit between the hypothesized three-factor solution and the data from the adolescent sample. The DASS-21 also exhibited strict longitudinal invariance, and the subscales also displayed adequate reliability in the two time points. The results are the first demonstration of longitudinal invariance with a Filipino sample and provide evidence that DASS-21 can be useful in both screening and in monitoring severity of different categories of symptoms over time, particularly among school-based Filipino youth.
Kualitas Bakar Briket Bioarang Campuran Arang Kotoran Kambing dan Arang Tempurung Saboak
Authors: Dae Panie Wilda Listiani , Rosnah Upik Syamsiar , Dami Dato Twenfosel Ocsierly
Published: January 2023

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh campuran arang kotoran kambing dan tempurung saboak terhadap kualitas bakar briket bioarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah P1꞊ kotoran kambing 25% dan tempurung saboak 75%, P2꞊ kotoran kambing 50% dan tempurung saboak 50%, P3꞊ kotoran kambing 75% dan tempurung saboak 25% dan P4꞊ kotoran kambing 100% . Variabel yang diteliti: temperatur bakar, ketahanan bakar, laju pembakaran, warna pembakaran, asap dan kemampuan mendidihkan air. Analisis keragaman menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap temperatur bakar, warna pembakaran, ketahanan bakar, laju pembakaran dan kemampuan mendidihkan air tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap asap. Rataan temperatur bakar 264,60 °C; laju pembakaran 2,29 g/m; ketahanan bakar 175 menit; warna pembakaran cenderung merah (skor 2,75); dan tidak ada asap (skor 3,98); kemampuan mendidihkan air 14,75 menit. Disimpulkan meningkatnya level kotoran kambing dalam campuran menghasilkan kualitas bakar briket dengan indikasi temperatur bakar yang menurun, laju pembakaran yang semakin cepat, ketahanan bakar lebih singkat, kemampuan mendidihkan air lebih lama dan mengurangi warna pembakaran, tetapi tidak menimbulkan asap. Kualitas bakar briket bioarang terbaik pada campuran arang kotoran kambing 25 % dan tempurung saboak 75 % (P1).
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Kata kunci: briket bioarang, kotoran kambing, kualitas bakar, tempurung saboak.
 
ABSTRACT
The experiment goals was to determine burning quality of biocharcoal briquettes mixed of goat dung and lontar shell. The completely randomized design consist of 4 treatments and 4 replications was applied. Those treatments were P1꞊ 25% goat dung charcoal and 75% lontar shell, P2 ꞊ 50% goat dung charcoal and 50% lontar shell, P3 ꞊ goat dung charcoal 75% and 25% lontar shell and P4꞊ goat dung charcoal 100% .Variables observed were burning temperature, combustion rate, burning resistance, color and smoke and water boilling ability. The statistical analysys showed that treatment have a very significant effect (P<0.01) on burning temperature, combustion rate, burning resistance, color and water boiling ability but no significant (P>0.05) on smoke. The average of burning temperature 264.60 °C; combustion rate 2.29 g/m; burning resistance 175 minutes; fire color tend to red (2.75); without smoke (3.98); water boilling abillity 14.75 minutes. Increasing levels of goat dung in mixed produce biocharcoal briquettes indicated lower in burning temperature, burning resistance, fire color, and water boiling abillity, increase combustion rate, and without smoke. The best quality of biocharcoal briquettes founded at a mixture of 25% goat dung charcoal and 75% lontar shell (P1).
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Keywords: biochar briquettes, burning quality, goat dung, saboak shells.
Kualitas Silase Rumput Kume (Sorghum plumosum var.Timorense ) dan Rumput Suket Putihan (Bothriochloa pertusa) Hasil PertanamanMonokultur maupun Campuran
Authors: Beding Maria Kewa , Kleden Markus Miten , Lestari Gusti Ayu Yudiwati
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas silase rumput kume (Sorgum plumosum var.Timorense) dan suket putihan (Bothriochloa pertusa) yang ditanam monokultur maupun campuran. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yakni SPM=Sorgum plumosum monokultur, BPM= Botriochloa pertusa monokultur dan SPBP= campuran Sorgum plumosum dan Botriochloa pertusa. Parameter yang diukur yakni kualitas fisik (aroma, tekstur, warna dan jamur) dan kualitas kimia (perubahan bahan kering silase, bahan kering, bahan organik, protein kasar, lemak kasar, serat kasar, neutral detergen fiber, bahan ekstrat tanpa nitrogen dan pH). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan  Sidik Ragam (Anova) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas fisik silase ditumbuhi sedikit jamur serta  warna  silase yang di hasilkan yaitu warna hijau kecoklatan. Selanjutnya pada kualitas kimia perbedaan perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap ( P> 0,05) perubahan bahan kering, bahan organik dan bahan ekstrat tanpa nitrogen. Disimpulkan bahwa nilai perubahan bahan kering silase, bahan organik, bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen, aroma dan tekstur tidak tergantung pada sistem pertanaman namun kandungan bahan kering, protein kasar, lemak kasar, serat kasar, neutral detergen fiber, pH serta warna dan jamur sangat tergantung pada sistem pertanaman rumput kume dan rumput suket putihan monokultur maupun campuran.
Kualitas Bakar Briket Bioarang Campuran Arang Kotoran Kambing dan Mayang Lontar
Authors: Hautias Juby , Maranatha Grace , Noach Yakob Robert
Published: January 2023

Experiment aimed to determine the burning quality of biocharcoal briquette mix of goat dung and lontar male fruit charcoal. Completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was applied. Those treatment were P1= goat dung charcoal 25% + lontar male fruit 75%, P2= goat dung charcoal 50% + lontar male fruit 50%, P3= goat dung charcoal 75% + lontar male fruit 25%, P4= goat dung charcoal 100%. Variable observed were burning temperature, burning rate, burning resistance, burning color, smoke and water boiling ability. Results showed that treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on burning color; significant (P<0.05) on burning resistance but no significant (P>0.05) on burning temperature, burning rate, smoke and water boiling ability. Avarage of burning temperature 213.44°C, burning rate 2.88 g/m, burning resistance 136.25 minutes, color score 2.6, smoke score 3.98 and water boiling ability 27.97 minutes. It was concluded that mixing of goat dung and lontar male fruit with increase of goat dung produce the biocharcoal briquettes with decrease of burning quality. The best of burning quality indicated by P2 that is mixed of 50% of both goat dung and lontar male fruit.

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh campuran arang kotoran kambing dan mayang lontar terhadap kualitas bakar briket bioarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah P1= arang kotoran kambing 25% + mayang lontar 75%, P2= arang kotoran kambing 50% + mayang lontar 50%, P3= arang kotoran kambing 75% + mayang lontar 25%, P4= arang kotoran kambing 100%. Variabel yang diteliti: temperatur bakar, laju pembakaran, ketahanan bakar, warna pembakaran, asap, dan kemampuan mendidihkan air. Hasil sidik ragam menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap warna pembakaran, berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap ketahanan bakar tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap temperatur bakar, laju pembakaran, asap, dan kemampuan mendidihkan air. Rerata temperatur bakar 213,44°C; laju pembakaran 2,88 g/m; ketahanan bakar 136,25 menit; warna pembakaran cenderung merah (skor 2,6); dan tidak ada asap (skor 3,98); kemampuan mendidihkan air 27,97 menit. Disimpulkan bahwa campuran kotoran kambing dan mayang lontar dengan level kotoran kambing yang meningkat menghasilkan briket bioarang dengan kualitas bakar yang menurun. Kualitas bakar terbaik diperlihatkan pada P2 yaitu arang kotoran kambing 50% dan mayang lontar 50%.