bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macroscopic coupling of deformation and melt migration at continental interiors, with applications to the Colorado Plateau
Authors: Roy Mousumi , Gold Stav , Johnson Alex , Osuna Orozco Rodrigo , Holtzman Benjamin K. , Gaherty James
Published: March 2016

Within continental interiors far from plate boundaries, we hypothesize that the architecture of the lithosphere will influence dynamic pressure gradients produced as the lithosphere moves relative to the underlying asthenosphere. We investigate how these dynamic pressure gradients affect melt migration by percolative flow within the mantle beneath continental interiors. Our models show that for a lithospheric keel that protrudes into the “mantle wind,” the behavior of the system can be classified into three categories: (1) small‐scale convective instabilities modify both the geometry of the lithosphere‐asthenophere boundary (LAB) and associated dynamic pressure gradients so that the surface flux of melt is largest above a narrow downwelling at the center of the keel; (2) weak convection does not substantially modify the keel and persistent gradients at the LAB at margins of the keel control dynamic pressure gradients so that surface melt flux is elevated within the keel relative to its surroundings; and (3) when convective instabilities are suppressed due to sufficiently high viscosity in the asthenosphere, asymmetric dynamic pressure gradients due to mantle shear beneath the keel focus melt streamlines toward the upwind flank of the keel and direct melt away from the downwind flank. We interpret surface patterns of Cenozoic magmatism at the Colorado Plateau, particularly the “upwind‐downwind” asymmetry relative to the direction of motion of North America over the underlying asthenosphere, in terms of category (3) above. Our models quantitatively assess the viability of spatially variable dynamic pressure gradients as a physical mechanism to explain disparate observations at the Colorado Plateau, such as surface magmatism, heat flow, xenolith data, and seismic structure.
Evidence from MESSENGER for sulfur‐ and carbon‐driven explosive volcanism on Mercury
Authors: Weider Shoshana Z. , Nittler Larry R. , Murchie Scott L. , Peplowski Patrick N. , McCoy Timothy J. , Kerber Laura , Klimczak Christian , Ernst Carolyn M. , Goudge Timothy A. , Starr Richard D. , Izenberg Noam R. , Klima Rachel L. , Solomon Sean C.
Published: March 2016

Targeted MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) X‐Ray Spectrometer measurements of Mercury's largest identified pyroclastic deposit are combined with neutron and reflectance spectroscopy data to constrain the composition of volatiles involved in the eruption that emplaced the pyroclastic material. The deposit, northeast of the Rachmaninoff basin, is depleted in S (relative to Ca and Si) and C, compared with the rest of Mercury's surface. Spectral reflectance measurements of the deposit indicate relatively high overall reflectance and an oxygen‐metal charge transfer (OMCT) absorption band at ultraviolet wavelengths. These results are consistent with oxidation of graphite and sulfides during magma ascent, via reaction with oxides in the magma or assimilated country rock, and the formation of S‐ and C‐bearing volatile species. Consumption of graphite during oxidation could account for the elevated reflectance of the pyroclastic material, and the strength of the OMCT band is consistent with ~0.03–0.1 wt % FeO in the deposit.
Contributions to conceptual growth: The elaboration of Ellis's model for information‐seeking behavior
Authors: Savolainen Reijo
Published: March 2016

Using Ellis's seminal model of information seeking as an example, this study demonstrates how the elaborations made to the original framework since the late 1980s have contributed to conceptual growth in information‐seeking studies. To this end, nine key studies elaborating Ellis's model were scrutinized by conceptual analysis. The findings indicate that the elaborations are based on two main approaches: adding novel, context‐specific components in the model and redefining and restructuring the components. The elaborations have contributed to conceptual growth in three major ways. First, integrating formerly separate parts of knowledge; second, generalizing and explaining lower abstraction‐level knowledge through higher‐level constructs; and third, expanding knowledge by identifying new characteristics of the object of study, that is, information‐seeking behavior. Further elaboration of Ellis's model toward a theory would require more focused attempts to test hypotheses in work‐related environments in particular.
Red Blood Cell Folate Insufficiency among nonpregnant Women of Childbearing age in Guatemala 2009 to 2010: Prevalence and predicted Neural Tube Defects risk
Authors: Rosenthal Jorge , Reeve Mary‐Elizabeth , Ramirez Nicte , Crider Krista S. , Sniezek Joe , Vellozzi Claudia , Devine Owen , Lopez‐Pazos Eunice
Published: March 2016

Background

The World Health Organization recently released recommendations stating that red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations should be above 400 ng/L (906 nmol/L) for optimal prevention of folate‐sensitive neural tube defects (NTDs). The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of folate insufficiency (FI) (<906 nmol/L) and potential risk of NTDs based on RBC folate concentrations among nonpregnant women of child‐bearing age in Guatemala.

Methods

A national and regional multistage cluster probability survey was completed during 2009 to 2010 among Guatemalan women of child‐bearing age 15 to 49 years of age. Demographic and health information and blood samples for RBC folate analyses were collected from 1473 women. Prevalence rate ratios of FI and predicted NTD prevalence were estimated based on RBC folate concentrations comparing subpopulations of interest.

Results

National FI prevalence was 47.2% [95% confidence interval, 43.3–51.1] and showed wide variation by region (18–81%). In all regions, FI prevalence was higher among indigenous (27–89%) than among nonindigenous populations (16–44%). National NTD risk based on RBC folate concentrations was estimated to be 14 per 10,000 live births (95% uncertainty interval, 11.1–18.6) and showed wide regional variation (from 11 NTDS in the Metropolitan region to 26 NTDs per 10,000 live births in the Norte region).

Conclusion

FI remains a common problem in populations with limited access to fortified products, specifically rural, low income, and indigenous populations. However, among subpopulations that are most likely to have fortified food, the prevalence of FI is similar to countries with well‐established fortification programs. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:587–595, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An undergraduate laboratory class using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to mutate drosophila genes
Authors: Adame Vanesa , Chapapas Holly , Cisneros Marilyn , Deaton Carol , Deichmann Sophia , Gadek Chauncey , Lovato TyAnna L. , Chechenova Maria B. , Guerin Paul , Cripps Richard M.
Published: March 2016

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology is used in the manipulation of genome sequences and gene expression. Because of the ease and rapidity with which genes can be mutated using CRISPR/Cas9, we sought to determine if a single‐semester undergraduate class could be successfully taught, wherein students isolate mutants for specific genes using CRISPR/Cas9. Six students were each assigned a single Drosophila gene, for which no mutants currently exist. Each student designed and created plasmids to encode single guide RNAs that target their selected gene; injected the plasmids into Cas9‐expressing embryos, in order to delete the selected gene; carried out a three‐generation cross to test for germline transmission of a mutated allele and generate a stable stock of the mutant; and characterized the mutant alleles by PCR and sequencing. Three genes out of six were successfully mutated. Pre‐ and post‐ survey evaluations of the students in the class revealed that student attitudes towards their research competencies increased, although the changes were not statistically significant. We conclude that it is feasible to develop a laboratory genome editing class, to provide effective laboratory training to undergraduate students, and to generate mutant lines for use by the broader scientific community. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44:263–275, 2016.
Identification and Biological Activities of Long‐Chain Peptaibols Produced by a Marine‐Derived Strain of Trichoderma longibrachiatum
Authors: Mohamed‐Benkada Mustapha , François Pouchus Yves , Vérité Philippe , Pagniez Fabrice , Caroff Nathalie , Ruiz Nicolas
Published: March 2016

Six long‐chain peptaibols, 1 – 6, were identified from agar cultures of a marine‐derived Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai strain (MMS151) isolated from blue mussels. The structure elucidation was carried out using electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI‐IT‐MS) and GC/EI‐MS. The long‐chain peptaibols exhibited the general building scheme Ac‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐XXX‐Gln‐Aib‐Vxx‐Aib‐Gly‐XXX‐Aib‐Pro‐Vxx‐Aib‐XXX‐Gln‐Gln‐Pheol and were similar or identical to recurrent 20‐residue peptaibols produced by Trichoderma spp. Three new sequences were identified and were called longibrachins A‐0, A‐II‐a, and A‐IV‐b. The isolated peptaibols were assayed for cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antifungal activities, and acute toxicity on Dipteran larvae.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium and Cadmium Containing Heusler Phases REPd2Mg, REPd2Cd, REAg2Mg, REAu2Mg and REAu2Cd.
Authors: Johnscher Michael , Stein Sebastian , Niehaus Oliver , Benndorf Christopher , Heletta Lukas , Kersting Marcel , Hoeting Christoph , Eckert Hellmut , Poettgen Rainer
Published: March 2016

Twenty‐eight new Heusler phases of title are prepared from the elements by induction heating (Nb ampoules, complex heating and annealing schedules).
ChemInform Abstract: Intense Turquoise Colors of Apatite‐Type Compounds with Mn5+ in Tetrahedral Coordination.
Authors: Medina Elena A. , Li Jun , Stalick Judith K. , Subramanian M. A.
Published: March 2016

Solid solutions of Ba5Mn3‐xVxO12Cl (x = 0—3.0) (I) and Ba5Mn3‐xPxO12Cl (x = 0—3.0) (II) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of BaCO3, MnO2, V2O5, BaCl2, and (NH4)2HPO4 (Al2O3 crucible, 800 °C, 24 h) as well as by Pechini sol gel reaction of Ba(NO3)2, Mn(NO3)2, and NH4Cl in H2O and citric acid at pH 7 followed by calcination of the dried gel in air (700—750 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li4MoO5—NiO Binary System as Positive Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries.
Authors: Yabuuchi Naoaki , Tahara Yoshiyuki , Komaba Shinichi , Kitada Satsuki , Kajiya Yoshio
Published: March 2016

Mixed xLi4MoO5/(1‐x)NiO anode materials are prepared by calcination of LixMoS2, LiOH, and NiCO3 in air (1050 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stable Shape‐Controlled Catalytically Active β‐Palladium Hydride.
Authors: Zhao Zipeng , Huang Xiaoqing , Li Mufan , Wang Gongming , Lee Chain , Zhu Enbo , Duan Xiangfeng , Huang Yu
Published: March 2016

Stable β‐PdH0.43 nanocrystals are produced by heating a Pd(acac)2 solution in DMF (160 °C, 4 h) using the in situ H2 production from catalytic decomposition of the latter.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanum (Oxo)nitridosilicates: From Ordered to Disordered Crystal Structures.
Authors: Durach Dajana , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: March 2016

Compounds (VI) and (VIII) crystallize in the cubic space group I$\bar 4$3m with Z = 1 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of a New Phase of SrCo2(PO4)2.
Authors: Yang Ming , Zhang Suyun , Guo Wenbin , He Zhangzhen
Published: March 2016

Single crystals of β‐SrCo2(PO4)2 are prepared by hydrothermal reaction of a 1:2 molar mixture of α‐Co2P2O7 and Sr(NO3)2 in H2O (autoclave, 230 °C, 120 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Radical‐Radical Cross‐Coupling Through Visible‐Light‐Activated Iridium Catalysis.
Authors: Wang Chuanyong , Qin Jie , Shen Xiaodong , Riedel Radostan , Harms Klaus , Meggers Eric
Published: March 2016

A visible light‐driven synthesis of 1,2 amino alcohols with high enantioselectivities (up to 99% e.e.) is presented by using a unique catalytic asymmetric process which combines a single electron transfer reaction between a donor substrate and a catalyst‐bound acceptor substrate followed by a stereocontrolled radical—radical recombination.
ChemInform Abstract: The 2′‐Phenyl Cinchonidine Thiourea‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Alcohols to Isatin‐Derived N‐Boc Ketimines.
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhu Fang‐Meng , Chu Yun‐Bo , Huang Li‐Hong , Zhou Yi‐Feng
Published: March 2016

The title reaction affords optically active isatin‐derived N,O‐aminals (III) and (V) in good yields and with up to 92% e.e..
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Solvolysis of gem‐Chlorofluoro‐ and gem‐Bromofluorocyclopropanes. Preparation of 2‐Fluoroallylic Ethers, Esters and Alcohols.
Authors: Novikov Maxim A. , Volchkov Nikolai V. , Lipkind Maria B. , Nefedov Oleg M.
Published: March 2016

The synthesis of the 2‐fluoroallylic ethers, esters, and alcohols involves the isomerization of the gem‐fluorohalocyclopropanes to 2‐fluoroallylic halides followed by nucleophilic substitution of a halide with an O‐nucleophile.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free TBHP‐Mediated Oxidative Ring Openings of 2‐Arylimidazopyridines via Regioselective Cleavage of C—C and C—N Bonds.
Authors: Yan Kelu , Yang Daoshan , Wei Wei , Li Guoqing , Sun Mingyang , Zhang Qingyun , Tian Laijin , Wang Hua
Published: March 2016

The title reaction leads to N‐pyridinyl benzamides via a radical pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Complete Switch of Selectivity in the C—H Alkenylation and Hydroarylation Catalyzed by Iridium: The Role of Directing Groups.
Authors: Kim Jiyu , Park Sung‐Woo , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Chang Sukbok
Published: March 2016

The direct olefination/hydroarylation of arenes is investigated in the presence of an iridium catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Diazo‐β‐keto Esters, Phosphonates and Sulfones via Acylbenzotriazole‐Mediated Acylation of a Diazomethyl Anion.
Authors: Pramanik Mukund M. D. , Rastogi Namrata
Published: March 2016

In the reactions of unprotected o‐amino benzoates (IV) a trans‐phosphorylation occurs to furnish phosphoramidates (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Regiospecific Alcoholysis and Aminolysis of Epoxides Catalyzed by Zirconium(IV) Oxynitrate.
Authors: Shinde Sandip S. , Said Madhukar S. , Surwase Trupti B. , Kumar Pradeep
Published: March 2016

An efficient ring‐opening of epoxides by a variety of alcohols and amines is developed using zirconium oxynitrate hydrated salt as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Cα—H Oxidation of Tertiary, Aliphatic Amines to Amides under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Legacy Christopher J. , Wang Anqi , O'Day Brian J. , Emmert Marion H.
Published: March 2016

Benzoyl tert‐butyl peroxide is shown to be an efficient oxidant for the selective mono‐oxidation of tertiary amines to amides using FeCl3 as catalyst and picolinic acid as co‐catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic N‐Alkylation of Amines Using Carboxylic Acids and Molecular Hydrogen.
Authors: Sorribes Ivan , Cabrero‐Antonino Jose R. , Vicent Cristian , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: March 2016

Aromatic amines and various readily available carboxylic acids are treated under molecular hydrogen with a catalyst combination under conditions A) or B).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective 1,2‐Difunctionalization of Dienes Enabled by Chiral Palladium Complex‐Catalyzed Cascade Arylation/Allylic Alkylation Reaction.
Authors: Wu Xiang , Lin Hua‐Chen , Li Ming‐Li , Li Lu‐Lu , Han Zhi‐Yong , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: March 2016

The title reaction is best carried out with 5 equiv.
ChemInform Abstract: para‐Selective C—H Amidation of Simple Arenes with Nitriles.
Authors: Xiang Shi‐Kai , Li Jin‐Mei , Huang He , Feng Chun , Ni Hai‐Liang , Chen Xiao‐Zhen , Wang Bi‐Qin , Zhao Ke‐Qing , Hu Ping , Redshaw Carl
Published: March 2016

In the presence of 1.5 equiv.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyethylene Glycol as a Recyclable Reaction Medium for Gold‐Catalyzed Direct Oxidative Amide Synthesis from Aldehydes and Amines.
Authors: Jiang Hui‐liang , Zhao Jie
Published: March 2016

The catalyst as well as the solvent can be easily recovered and reused without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Cyanation of Arylzinc Halides with N‐Cyano‐N‐phenyl‐p‐methylbenzenesulfonamide (NCTS).
Authors: Cai Yingxiao , Qian Xin , Rerat Alice , Auffrant Audrey , Gosmini Corinne
Published: March 2016

The cobalt catalyst can be used for the synthesis of the intermediate organozinc species and for the coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Catalytic Oxidative Thioesterification Approach to α‐Ketothioesters.
Authors: Mupparapu Nagaraju , Khushwaha Manoj , Gupta Ajai Prakash , Singh Parvinder Pal , Ahmed Qazi Naveed
Published: March 2016

This is the first method for the reaction of arylglyoxals with alkylthiols under metal‐free conditions to give the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable and Reusable NiCl2(PPh3)2/CuI/PEG‐400/H2O System for the Sonogashira Coupling Reaction of Aryl Iodides with Alkynes.
Authors: Wei Ting , Zhang Tingli , Huang Bin , Tuo Yuxin , Cai Mingzhong
Published: March 2016

A stable and highly efficient catalyst system consisting of NiCl2(PPh3)2/CuI is used for the Sonogashira reaction of aryl iodides with terminal alkynes which is carried out in a mixture of polyethylene glycol and water with K2CO3 as base to afford a variety of arylacetylenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Radical Transfer Based Modular Approach to Enantiopure Alkylidene‐β‐prolines from N‐(tert‐Butylsulfinyl)‐α‐(aminomethyl)acrylates.
Authors: Beniazza Redouane , Romain Elise , Chemla Fabrice , Ferreira Franck , Jackowski Olivier , Perez‐Luna Alejandro
Published: March 2016

A modular entry to enantiopure (E)‐2‐substituted 3‐alkylideneprolines is disclosed in 5 or 6 steps from tert‐butanesulfinamide.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Aerobic Aminooxygenation of Alkenes for Preparation of Isoindolinones.
Authors: Kou Xuezhen , Li Yu , Wu Liang , Zhang Xinghua , Yang Guoqiang , Zhang Wanbin
Published: March 2016

A series of functionalized alkenes is treated with excess carboxylic acid including amino acids (X) in the presence of molecular oxygen under conditions A) (oxidation mechanism).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Formation of N‐Heteroarenes from Nitroarenes Using Molybdenum Hexacarbonyl as the Source of Carbon Monoxide.
Authors: Zhou Fei , Wang Duo‐Sheng , Driver Tom G.
Published: March 2016

Conditions A) are found to be optimal for the preparation of various substituted indoles and some carbazole or imidazole components.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxygen Atom Transfer from Oxaziridine to Oxindole Derivatives with Chiral Phenanthroline.
Authors: Naganawa Yuki , Aoyama Tomotaka , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: March 2016

An asymmetric oxygen atom transfer of oxindole derivatives using Davis′ oxaziridine gives the corresponding 3‐aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindole derivatives with excellent enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tryptophans by Alkylation of Chiral Glycine Enolate Equivalents with Quaternary Gramines.
Authors: Reinfelds Matiss , Kalinins Konstantins , Katkevica Dace , Zemribo Ronalds , Katkevics Martins
Published: March 2016

A general method for the synthesis of enantiopure tryptophan derivatives with good overall yields is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalised Tetrahydrocarbazoles via an Organocatalyzed Diels—Alder/ene Reaction Strategy.
Authors: Cowell Joseph , Harrington Ross W. , Probert Michael R. , Hall Michael J.
Published: March 2016

Functionalized tetrahydrocarbazoles (VI) and (VIII) are synthesized through an enantioselective Diels—Alder reaction of 3‐vinylindole (I) with maleimide (II) in combination with an in situ N‐protection.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective [3 + 2] Carbocyclization of Indole‐Derived Imines and Electron‐Rich Alkenes: A Divergent Synthesis of Cyclopenta[b]indole or Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Galvan Alicia , Calleja Jonas , Gonzalez‐Perez Adan B. , Alvarez Rosana , de Lera Angel R. , Fananas Francisco J. , Rodriguez Felix
Published: March 2016

Indolecarboxaldehydes, anilines, and electron‐rich alkenes are coupled affording either cyclopentaindoles via a new anti—Povarov pathway or tetrahydroquinolines via the conventional Povarov pathway depending on the Broensted acid catalyst used.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Vinylation and N‐Allylation of 3,5‐Disubstituted Pyrazoles by N—H Insertion of Vinylcarbenoids.
Authors: Gill Agagia , Werz Udo R. , Maas Gerhard
Published: March 2016

The rhodium‐catalyzed reactions of methyl styryl‐diazoacetate or dimethyl 2‐diazoglutaconate with the title pyrazoles lead to product mixtures as a result of the regioselectivity issues of the pyrazole or the vinylcarbenoid moiety as well as positional and configurational isomerism due to the C=C double bond of the latter.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Novel Dihydrobenzo[h]cinnoline‐5,6‐diones.
Authors: Dang Thi Tuyet Anh , Decuyper Lena , Thi Phuong Hoang , Vu Ngoc Doan , Thanh Nguyen Ha , Thanh Nguyen Tra , Do Huy Thanh , Huy Nguyen Hung , D'hooghe Matthias , Van Nguyen Tuyen
Published: March 2016

Title compounds by efficiently synthesized using a one‐pot multicomponent reaction of naphthoquinone (I), methylhydrazine, and a variety of aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Preparation of 5‐Halomethyl‐2‐oxazolines via PhI(OAc)2‐Promoted Intramolecular Halooxygenation of N‐Allylcarboxamides.
Authors: Liu Gong‐Qing , Yang Chun‐Hua , Li Yue‐Ming
Published: March 2016

Trimethylsilyl bromide and chloride give the respective 5‐bromo/chloro‐methyl‐2‐aryloxazolines in similar yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferric Perchlorate‐Mediated One‐Step Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Primary Amides for the Synthesis of Fullerooxazoles.
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Feng , Li Fa‐Bao , Shi Ji‐Long , Wu Jun , Liu Li
Published: March 2016

The facile one‐step reaction of C60 with primary amides promoted by cheap and easily available Fe(ClO4)3 affords a series of interesting fullerooxazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkene‐Directed N‐Attack Chemoselectivity in the Gold‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1]‐Annulations of 1,6‐Enynes with N‐Hydroxyanilines.
Authors: Huple Deepak B. , Mokar Bhanudas D. , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: March 2016

Gold‐catalyzed reaction of 1,6‐enynes with N‐hydroxylamines generates trisubstituted nitrone intermediates which are trapped by the internal alkene to give bi‐ or polycyclic isoxazolines stereospecifically.
ChemInform Abstract: A New General Synthesis of Annulated 1,2,3‐Triazoles Using Tandem Sonogashira‐CuAAC Reaction.
Authors: Rakshit Moumita , Kar Gandhi K. , Chakrabarty Manas
Published: March 2016

Several classes of fused triazole derivatives are efficiently synthesized by Sonogashira coupling followed by copper‐catalyzed azide alkyne 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction in a one‐pot two‐step procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound‐Assisted Regioselective Synthesis of Aminomethylated Daidzein Derivatives via Mannich Reaction.
Authors: Yuan Jin‐Wei , Yang Liang‐Ru , Mai Wen‐Peng , Mao Pu , Wang Fan , Xue Ying , Xiao Yong‐Mei , Qu Ling‐Bo
Published: March 2016

Compared to parallel reactions with conventional heating, ultrasound irradiation accelerates the reaction rate and improves the yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand Controlled Regiodivergent C1 Insertion on Arynes for Construction of Phenanthridinone and Acridone Alkaloids.
Authors: Feng Minghao , Tang Bingqing , Wang Nengzhong , Xu Hong‐Xi , Jiang Xuefeng
Published: March 2016

The Pd‐catalyzed reactions of in situ generated arynes with o‐iodoanilines in the presence of carbon monoxide are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution/C—H Activation/Aromatization Cascade Reaction: One Approach to Construct 6‐Unsubstituted Phenanthridines.
Authors: Han Wenyong , Zhou Xiaojian , Yang Siyi , Xiang Guangyan , Cui Baodong , Chen Yongzheng
Published: March 2016

The title cascade reaction between N‐mesylanilines and 2‐bromobenzyl bromides gives the title compounds in good to high yields and is applied to the synthesis of natural alkaloid trisphaeridine (Xb).
ChemInform Abstract: Aminocatalyzed Cascade Synthesis of Enantioenriched 1,7‐Annulated Indoles from Indole‐7‐carbaldehyde Derivatives and α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Giardinetti Maxime , Moreau Xavier , Coeffard Vincent , Greck Christine
Published: March 2016

The title reaction under conditions A) produces the desired heterocyclic scaffolds as fluorescent key units of natural substances and pharmaceutical agents.
ChemInform Abstract: A Copper‐Catalyzed Domino Reaction to Construct Functionalized Indolizinones.
Authors: Hu Ben‐Quan , Wang Li‐Xia , Shen Gang , Tang Ya‐Lin , Yang Luo
Published: March 2016

The indolizinones are synthesized from pyridine ketones and terminal alkynes following a propargylation/cyclization/1,2‐migration sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagent in the Solid‐State Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Pundeer Rashmi , Sushma Sushma
Published: March 2016

The title pyrimidinones are obtained by solvent‐free grinding of various aromatic aldehydes with ethyl acetoacetate, urea, and Koser′s reagent followed by short heating.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Pyrimidines via Iminium Catalyzed [4 + 2] Reaction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones with 1,3,5‐Triazines.
Authors: Yang Gongming , Chen Lei , Wang Jian , Jia Qianfa , Wei Jia , Du Zhiyun
Published: March 2016

An iminium‐catalyzed Diels—Alder reaction of 1,3,5‐triazines with α,β‐unsaturated ketones is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Powdered Diethylaminoethyl Cellulose as Biomass‐Derived Support for Phosphotungstic Acid: New Solid Acidic Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Li Shaokang , Zhang Qianqian , Peng Yanqing
Published: March 2016

Tungstophosphoric acid anchored on powdered diethylaminoethyl cellulose appears to be a useful acidic catalyst for the synthesis of dihydroquinazolinones via three‐component reaction of isatoic anhydride with aryl aldehydes and amines (or ammonium carbonate).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Solvent Free Synthesis of Tertiary α‐Aminophosphonates Using H2Ti3O7 Nanotubes as a Reusable Solid‐Acid Catalyst.
Authors: Reddy Bhoomireddy Rajendra Prasad , Reddy Peddiahgari Vasu Govardhana , Reddy Bijivemula N.
Published: March 2016

Title compounds are simply and environmentally friendly synthesized by Kabachnik—Fields reaction using protonated trititanate nanotubes as highly active recyclable catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Dinardokanshones A and B, Two Unique Sesquiterpene Dimers from the Roots and Rhizomes of Nardostachys chinensis.
Authors: Wu Hong‐Hua , Chen Ying‐Peng , Ying Shu‐Song , Zhang Peng , Xu Yan‐Tong , Gao Xiu‐Mei , Zhu Yan
Published: March 2016

The structures of dinardokanshone A (I) and dinardokanshone B (II) are revealed by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations are established by reported rules and computational electronic circular dichroism (ECD) method.
ChemInform Abstract: General Homologation Strategy for Synthesis of L‐glycero‐ and D‐glycero‐Heptopyranoses.
Authors: Mulani Shaheen K. , Cheng Kuang‐Chun , Mong Kwok‐Kong T.
Published: March 2016

Various title compounds are prepared following the sequence shown for example (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Interrupted Pummerer Reaction in Latent‐Active Glycosylation: Glycosyl Donors with a Recyclable and Regenerative Leaving Group.
Authors: Wan Qian , et al.
Published: March 2016

The active glycosyl donor (I) and various acceptors are treated with triflic anhydride affording the desired glycosides in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors from the Fungus Aspergillus terreus 3.05358.
Authors: Shan Wei‐Guang , Wu Zhao‐Ying , Pang Wei‐Wei , Ma Lie‐Feng , Ying You‐Min , Zhan Zha‐Jun
Published: March 2016

A new diketopiperazine alkaloid, amauromine B (I), is isolated along with three known meroterpenoids and two known steroids from the title fungus.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Carotenoid, 9Z,9′Z‐Tetrahydroastaxanthin (I), from the Sea Cucumber Plesiocolochirus minutus
Authors: Maoka Takashi , Nakachi Syu , Kobayashi Ryouhei , Mori Miho , Sakagami Yoshikazu
Published: March 2016

isolation and structure elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: A Common Precursor Approach to Structurally Diverse Natural Products: The Synthesis of the Core Structure of (.+‐.)‐Clausenamide and the Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Hyalodendrin.
Authors: Szulc Blanka R. , Sil Bruno C. , Ruiz Arnaud , Hilton Stephen T.
Published: March 2016

The core structure of (.+‐.)‐clausenamide (I) and (.+‐.)‐hyalodendrin (II) are synthesized from a common synthetic precursor based on a phenylalanine derivative in good yield by simple variation of the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Secalonic Acid E.
Authors: Ganapathy Dhandapani , Reiner Johannes R. , Loeffler Lorenz E. , Ma Ling , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy , Niepoetter Benedikt , Koehne Ingo , Tietze Lutz F.
Published: March 2016

Secalonic acid E is obtained in 18 steps using a Wacker‐type cyclization of a methoxyphenolic compound for the construction of a chiral chroman.
ChemInform Abstract: Noble Metal‐Iron Oxide Hybrid Nanomaterials: Emerging Applications
Authors: Leung Ken Cham‐Fai , Xuan Shouhu
Published: March 2016

Review: [focusing on the synthesis of nanomaterials from noble metal (e.g., Au, Ag, Pd) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) hybrids and applications such as theranostics, gene delivery, biosensing, cell sorting, bioseparation, and catalysis; 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review on Fluorescent Inorganic Nanoparticles for Optical Sensing Applications
Authors: Ng Sing Muk , Koneswaran Masilamany , Narayanaswamy Ramaier
Published: March 2016

Review: 325 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Review on the Explosive Consolidation Methods to Fabricate Tungsten Based PFMs
Authors: Wang Shuming , Sun Chongxiao , Guo Wenhao , Yan Qingzhi , Zhou Zhangjian , Zhang Yingchun , Shen Weiping , Ge Changchun
Published: March 2016

Review: PFM: plasma facing material; 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: S‐Block Amidoboranes: Syntheses, Structures, Reactivity and Applications
Authors: Stennett Tom E. , Harder Sjoerd
Published: March 2016

Review: 137 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of C3‐Symmetric Tris(triazolyl)methanol Ligands and Derivatives
Authors: Etayo Pablo , Ayats Carles , Pericas Miquel A.
Published: March 2016

Review: [83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Taming Azide Radicals for Catalytic C—H Azidation
Authors: Huang Xiongyi , Groves John T.
Published: March 2016

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed C‐H Activation
Authors: Moselage Marc , Li Jie , Ackermann Lutz
Published: March 2016

Review: 212 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimeric Cinchona Alkaloids
Authors: Boratynski Przemyslaw J.
Published: March 2016

Review: syntheses of Cinchona alkaloid dimers and oligomers, their structure and appliations; 155 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: H‐Bonding‐Assisted One‐Pot Macrocyclization for Rapid Construction of H‐Bonded Macrocyclic Aromatic Foldamers
Authors: Zeng Huaqiang
Published: March 2016

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploration of Different Methodologies for Synthesizing Biologically Important Benzothiazoles: An Overview
Authors: Mene Deepak , Kale Mayura
Published: March 2016

Review: 128 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioinspired Syntheses of Dimeric Hydroxycinnamic Acids (Lignans) and Hybrids, Using Phenol Oxidative Coupling as Key Reaction, and Medicinal Significance Thereof
Authors: Magoulas George E. , Papaioannou Dionissios
Published: March 2016

Review: 106 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Electrophilic Organochalcogen Reagents
Authors: Sancineto Luca , Palomba Martina , Bagnoli Luana , Marini Francesca , Santi Claudio
Published: March 2016

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction: Advances and Contributions from Brazilian Chemistry
Authors: Santos Marilia S. , Coelho Fernando , Lima‐Junior Claudio G. , Vasconcellos Mario L. A. A.
Published: March 2016

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Sulfonic Acids: New, Efficient and Reusable Catalysts for the Acceleration of Organic Reactions
Authors: Abedini Masoumeh , Shirini Farhad , Shahriari Azadeh
Published: March 2016

Review: 113 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The New Directions of Organic Synthesis
Authors: Brocksom Timothy John , Desidera Andre Luiz , Alves Leandro de Carvalho , Thiago de Oliveira Kleber
Published: March 2016

Review: 286 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in C—H Trifluoromethylthiolation and Trifluoromethoxylation Reactions
Authors: Lin Jin‐Hong , Ji Yun‐Long , Xiao Ji‐Chang
Published: March 2016

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Makosza Reaction — Forty Five Years After
Authors: Fedorynski M. , Fedorynski P.
Published: March 2016

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bonded Macrocyclic Supramolecular Systems in Solution and on Surfaces
Authors: Mayoral Maria J. , Bilbao Nerea , Gonzalez‐Rodriguez David
Published: March 2016

Review: noncovalent synthesis and analysis by diverse solution or surface characterization techniques; 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable Organocatalysts Based on Hybrid Silicas
Authors: Ferre M. , Pleixats R. , Wong Chi Man M. , Cattoen X.
Published: March 2016

Review: 221 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorus Lewis Acids: Emerging Reactivity and Applications in Catalysis
Authors: Bayne J. M. , Stephan D. W.
Published: March 2016

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon Based Radicals, Radical Ions, Diradicals and Diradicaloids
Authors: Chandra Mondal Kartik , Roy Sudipta , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: March 2016

Review: [93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloadditions of Singlet Oxygen for Responsive Fluorescent Polymers
Authors: Thomas Samuel W. III , Altinok Esra , Zhang Jingjing
Published: March 2016

Review: [53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Routes to Benzosuberone‐Based Fused‐ and Spiro‐Heterocyclic Ring Systems
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya A. , Gomha Sobhi M. , Dawood Kamal M. , Shaaban Mohamed R.
Published: March 2016

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Rich Aromatic 1,3‐Heterophospholes — Recent Syntheses and Impact of High Electron Density at σ2P on the Reactivity
Authors: Heinicke Joachim W.
Published: March 2016

Review: [117 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tailoring Thermodynamics and Kinetics for Hydrogen Storage in Complex Hydrides Towards Applications
Authors: Liu Yongfeng , Yang Yaxiong , Gao Mingxia , Pan Hongge
Published: March 2016

Review: [emphasis on metal amides, alanates and borohydrides; 45 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview of AB2O4‐ and A2BO4‐Structured Negative Electrodes for Advanced Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yuvaraj Subramanian , Selvan Ramakrishnan Kalai , Lee Yun Sung
Published: March 2016

Review: 234 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Emitters: Photophysics, Materials and Biological Applications
Authors: Li Kai , Ming Tong Glenna So , Wan Qingyun , Cheng Gang , Tong Wai‐Yip , Ang Wai‐Hung , Kwong Wai‐Lun , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: March 2016

Review: 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Modeling of Enzymatic Processes: Caveats and Breakthroughs
Authors: Quesne Matthew G. , Borowski Tomasz , de Visser Sam P.
Published: March 2016

Review: [84 refs.
Boundary Layers and Incompressible Navier‐Stokes‐Fourier Limit of the Boltzmann Equation in Bounded Domain I
Authors: Jiang Ning , Masmoudi Nader
Published: March 2016

We establish the incompressible Navier‐Stokes‐Fourier limit for solutions to the Boltzmann equation with a general cutoff collision kernel in a bounded domain. Appropriately scaled families of DiPerna‐Lions(‐Mischler) renormalized solutions with Maxwell reflection boundary conditions are shown to have fluctuations that converge as the Knudsen number goes to 0. Every limit point is a weak solution to the Navier‐Stokes‐Fourier system with different types of boundary conditions depending on the ratio between the accommodation coefficient and the Knudsen number. The main new result of the paper is that this convergence is strong in the case of the Dirichlet boundary condition. Indeed, we prove that the acoustic waves are damped immediately; namely, they are damped in a boundary layer in time. This damping is due to the presence of viscous and kinetic boundary layers in space. As a consequence, we also justify the first correction to the infinitesimal Maxwellian that one obtains from the Chapman‐Enskog expansion with Navier‐Stokes scaling.

This extends the work of Golse and Saint‐Raymond [20,21] and Levermore and Masmoudi [28] to the case of a bounded domain. The case of a bounded domain was considered by Masmoudi and Saint‐Raymond [34] for the linear Stokes‐Fourier limit and Saint‐Raymond [41] for the Navier‐Stokes limit for hard potential kernels. Neither [34] nor [41] studied the damping of the acoustic waves. This paper extends the result of [34,41] to the nonlinear case and includes soft potential kernels. More importantly, for the Dirichlet boundary condition, this work strengthens the convergence so as to make the boundary layer visible. This answers an open problem proposed by Ukai [46]. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subcarrier Allocation and Cooperative Partner Selection Based on Nash Bargaining Game for Physical Layer Security in OFDM Wireless Networks
Authors: Huang Shuanglin , Jing Aixia , Tan Jianjun , Xu Jian
Published: March 2016

Most orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) cooperative schemes in wireless communication system are poor in secure transmission. Based on the Nash bargaining game (NBG), this paper presents a method of OFDM system cooperative scheme restricted in physical layer security. In the model, each wireless node can act as not only a source node, but also a potential relay node. The sub‐carrier allocation problem among selfish nodes is formulated as a two‐persons bargaining game to guarantee fairness. It is proved that the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) of sub‐carriers allocation is existence of unique Nash equilibrium. Based on the bargaining algorithm and the Hungarian method, a multiple‐users partner selection algorithm is proposed in this paper. Simulation results indicate that the subcarrier allocation fairness is dependent on how much rate increase its partner can make. The proposed partner selection algorithm based on the Hungarian method can improve the overall secrecy rate of the network. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A distributed load balancing algorithm for climate big data processing over a multi‐core CPU cluster
Authors: Wang Yuzhu , Jiang Jinrong , Ye Huang , He Juanxiong
Published: March 2016

Load imbalance is a common problem to be tackled urgently in large scale data‐driven simulation systems or data intensive computing. According to the coupler, the Chinese Academy of Sciences‐Earth System Model (CAS‐ESM) implements one‐way nesting of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences Atmospheric General Circulation Model version 4.0 (IAP AGCM4.0) and Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). The METGRID (meteorological grid) and REAL program modules in the WRF are used to process meteorological data. In the CAS‐ESM, the load of the METGRID module is seriously unbalanced on many CPU cores. The load imbalance has a serious impact on the processing speed of meteorological data, so this study designs an optimization algorithm to solve the problem. Numerical experiments show that compared to before optimization, the optimization algorithm can solve the load imbalance of the METGRID, and the computation speed of the METGRID and REAL modules after optimization on 64 CPU cores is about 7.2 times faster than before. Meanwhile, the whole computation speed of the CAS‐ESM can improve by 217.53%. In addition, results indicate that they also can reach to a similar speedup on different numbers of CPU cores. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular and Interfacial Calculations of Iron(II) Light Harvesters
Authors: Fredin Lisa A. , Wärnmark Kenneth , Sundström Villy , Persson Petter
Published: March 2016

Iron–carbene complexes show considerable promise as earth‐abundant light‐harvesters, and adsorption onto nanostructured TiO2 is a crucial step for developing solar energy applications. Intrinsic electron injection capabilities of such promising FeII N‐heterocyclic complexes (Fe‐NHC) to TiO2 are calculated here, and found to correlate well with recent experimental findings of highly efficient interfacial injection. First, we examine the special bonding characteristics of Fe‐NHC light harvesters. The excited‐state surfaces are examined using density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) to explore relaxed excited‐state properties. Finally, by relaxing an Fe‐NHC adsorbed on a TiO2 nanocluster, we show favorable injection properties in terms of interfacial energy level alignment and electronic coupling suitable for efficient electron injection of excited electrons from the Fe complex into the TiO2 conduction band on ∼100 fs time scales.
Comparison study on copper bioaccumulation by growing Pichia kudriavzevii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Li Chunsheng , Zhang Dandan , Ma Ning , Wang Dongfeng , Li Laihao , Yang Xianqing , Xu Ying
Published: March 2016

Bioaccumulation via growing microorganisms is a potential technique for treatment of heavy metal pollution. In this study, the Cu tolerance, bioaccumulation properties, and removal ability of growing Pichia kudriavzevii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in complex environments were investigated comparatively. P. kudriavzevii displayed higher total Cu bioaccumulation capacity and Cu removal rate than S. cerevisiae at various bioaccumulation time and Cu concentrations. The Cu bioaccumulation in both yeasts was obviously improved at low pH and high concentrations of NaCl, which resulted in the increase of Cu removal rate. The maximum Cu removal rate of P. kudriavzevii respectively reached to 55.53% at 20 g/L NaCl and to 77.84% at pH 3, obviously higher than that in normal condition at pH 5 without NaCl addition (13.77%). High concentrations of Zn (0.05 − 0.5 mmol/L) significantly improved the Cu removal ability of P. kudriavzevii while the Cu removal rate was markedly inhibited with the addition of Cd (0.05 − 0.5 mmol/L). Compared with S. cerevisiae, the multi‐stress‐tolerant P. kudriavzevii possessed more powerful Cu tolerance and bioaccumulation ability at low pH, high concentrations of NaCl and with the addition of other heavy metal ions. It suggested that P. kudriavzevii could be used as a potential candidate for Cu removal in complex environments. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 1353–1360, 2016
Towards a Consistent Interpretation of Electro‐osmotic Drag in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Berg P. , Stornes M.
Published: March 2016

In many experimental studies of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs), the electro‐osmotic drag coefficient is a property of primary interest. When protons are the only type of mobile ion present in the system, the coefficient is typically defined as the ratio between the molar water flux and the molar proton flux across the PEM. While most, if not all, experimental results suggest a value of order one, experimentalists have yet to arrive at a consensus regarding its exact value for a specific PEM at specific operating conditions. One reason for the variance in reported results could lie in the misinterpretation of the electro‐osmotic drag. This contribution uses physical models to clarify what a consistent definition and measurement of electro‐osmotic drag coefficients entails, thereby providing guidance for experimental studies of these membranes.
The association between hippocampal volume and life events in healthy twins
Authors: Bootsman Florian , Kemner Sanne M. , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Brouwer Rachel M. , Vonk Ronald , van der Schot Astrid C. , Hulshoff Pol Hilleke E. , Nolen Willem A. , Kahn René S. , van Haren Neeltje E. M.
Published: March 2016

Hippocampal volume deficits have been linked to life stress. However, the degree to which genes and environment influence the association between hippocampal volume and life events is largely unknown. In total, 123 healthy twins from monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 57 healthy twins were interviewed with the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS), with an overlap of 54 twins undergoing both MRI and the life events interview. Hippocampal volumes were segmented with Freesurfer software. Data were analyzed with OpenMx software. Smaller hippocampal volume was associated with higher severe life event load (rph= −0.39), where shared environmental factors influencing both measures fully explained the association. Hippocampal volume was not associated with total or mild life event load. Hippocampal volume showed high heritability (range, h2: 57%–81%) whereas life event measures were influenced by shared (c2) and unique (e2) environmental factors only (range, c2:40%–64%, e2: 36%–60%). The results suggested that shared environmental factors influenced the relationship between smaller hippocampal volume and severe (but not mild) stress. This indicated that particularly severe life events that were shared between twins were associated with smaller hippocampal volume. Furthermore, it is suggested to distinguish between mild and severe life events in life event research. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Review of the Strategy Theme Basin
Authors: Tollefson Laurie , Wahba Mohamed , Harrington John
Published: March 2016

The technical activities of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) are organized under four Strategy Themes: On Farm, Systems, Basin, and Knowledge. Strategy Theme Basin deals with the basin level environmental aspects that affect agricultural water management and their impact on the environment. This review of Strategy Theme Basin and its six Working Groups (WG) examines its unique multi‐disciplinary role in delivering ICID's contribution to Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM), its effectiveness in meeting that role, and its future needs toward fulfilling that role. A formal set of objectives, of mechanisms to meet those objectives, and of suitable outputs for Strategy Theme Basin are proposed. Recommendations for future activities of the WG are made to improve multi‐disciplinary collaborations with relevant outside organizations, to facilitate greater participation by ICID members, to improve WG functionality, and to effectively disseminate knowledge to IWRM professionals. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An empirical investigation of a theoretical model for mathematical creativity
Authors: Haavold Per Øystein
Published: March 2016

In this exploratory study, a theoretical model proposed by Sriraman (2005) consisting of five theoretical principles for optimizing creativity in a K–12 setting was investigated empirically. This was accomplished in two steps. In the first study, the five principles were operationalized by generating a questionnaire consisting of 45 items intended to capture the dimension of each principle. An exploratory maximum‐likelihood factor analysis indicated a relatively robust five factor structure that corresponded with the theoretical model. In the second study, the five factor model was validated using a confirmatory factor analysis. The model was then investigated using a two‐level linear mixed model with a random intercept. The results revealed that motivation and mathematical achievement were significant predictors of mathematical creativity.