bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konstruksi Bahan Ajar Kimia SMA Konteks Termokimia Berbasis Environment Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa
Authors: Doloksaribu Florida Emmy , Gombo Werima , Suaka Irwandi Yogo
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonstruksi modul kimia konteks Termokimia berbasis Environtment Discovery Learning (EDL). Hasil observasi menunjukkan, peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMAN 3 Jayapura memiliki nilai kimia yang cukup baik, namun masih perlu ditingkatkan lagi. Hasil penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kelayakan bahan ajar kimia konteks termokimia berbasis (EDL) yang direkonstruksi. Teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data adalah tahapan model education reconstruction (MER) yaitu kelayakan bahan ajar, uji skala terbatas, serta tanggapan guru dan peserta didik. Angket validasi ahli terdiri dari validasi konten materi, media, dan bahasa. Nilai validasi expert judgment konten materi sebesar 69.49%, (layak digunakan), media sebesar 63.89% (layak digunakan), bahasa sebesar 86.36%, (sangat layak digunakan), dan nilai rata-rata expert judgement dari ketiga validator sebesar 73,24 % (layak).  Nilai tanggapan guru terhadap modul sebesar sangat positif sebesar 62.4%  dan positif sebesar 37.6%., tanggapan siswa sangat positif 62.4%, positif sebesar 37.6%. Tes yang dilakukan kepada peserta didik menggunakan 30 butir soal pilihan ganda pre test dan post test dengan hasil n-Gain sebesar 0,5 termasuk pada kategori sedang artinya terjadi peningkatan pemahaman konsep peserta didik.
Teachers’ Attitudes towards Translanguaging in Indonesian EFL Classrooms
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Lukmana Iwa
Published: February 2021

This study aims to investigate the attitudes towards translanguaging in EFL classrooms by 50 English language teachers. The present study employed quantitative descriptive. A survey was administered to the teachers to gauge information regarding the importance of translanguaging use and the frequency with which these teachers felt it was practiced in the classroom. The survey was collected through questionnaire that included multiple-choice and Likert scale questions. The findings revealed that Indonesian EFL teachers showed positive attitude towards the use of translanguaging in their classrooms. Most of them considered the incorporation of Indonesian language and local language are beneficial in EFL classrooms. It is also discovered that Indonesian EFL teachers were flexibly use translanguaging to facilitate students’ learning. Nonetheless, this study is limited to teachers’ attitudes. Hence, further study is needed to observe translanguaging practices in Indonesian EFL classrooms.
Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Siswa Sekolah Dasar Se Kecamatan Cileunyi
Authors: Kustari Novi Eka , Mahendra Agus Mahendra
Published: February 2021

Keterampilan dasar sangatlah berperan penting bagi anak untuk dasar mempelajari keterampilan secara utuh. Mereka perlu menguasai keterampilan gerak dasar agar memiliki landasan keterampilan yang kuat. Melalui pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga yang diarahkan dengan baik, anak-anak akan mengambangankan keterampilan geraknya yang berguna bagi mereka di masa depan. Mengingat pentingnya keterampilan motorik anak pada usia sekolah maka tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan motorik kasar siswa Sekolah Dasar se Kecamatan Cileunyi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sekolah Dasar Se Kecamatan Cileunyi yang terdiri dari 55 sekolah dasar dengan subyek penelitian siswa yang berumur 9-10 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif/survey dengan instrumen Test Gross Motor Depelovment-2. Adapun kegiatan dalam analisis data adalah: mengelompokkan data berdasarkan variabel dari seluruh responden, menyajikan data tiap variabel yang diteliti, melakukan perhitungan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah, dan melakukan perhitungan untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah diajukan. Tujuan dari analisis data yaitu untuk menyederhanakan data ke dalam bentuk yang dapat dimengerti. Prosedur dari analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu, menghiting rata-rata, standar deviasi, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan memasukan hasil tes pada kriteria deskripsi subtes standar skor dan gross motor quotient. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa gambaran kemampuan gerak motorik kasar siswa Sekolah Dasar se Kecamatan masuk kedalam kategori rata-rata, hasil lain menunjukan bahwa kerdapat hubungan antara kemampuan gerak motorik kasar terhadap prestasi siswa pada pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan.
Pedesaan Pengembangan Model Project-Based Learning Terintegrasi STEM untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Priatna Nanang , Lorenzia Silviana Ayu , Muchlis Effie Efrida
Published: February 2021

Pengembangan model project -based learning terintegrasi STEM di Sekolah Menengah Pertama belum banyak dilakukan. Padahal, integrasi STEM dalam pendidikan menjadi hal yang perlu untuk segera dilakukan mengingat tingginya kebutuhan akan SDM yang menguasai bidang STEM pada abad ke 21. Kebanyakan materi matematika disampaikan secara abstrak, sehingga mengakibatkan siswa tidak terlatih dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan ini memberi ruang kepada siswa untuk mengembangkan gagasannya dan mengaitkan dengan konsep dasar yang dimilikinya untuk menghasilkan produk sebagai proses untuk memahami konsep. Guru dapat mengembangkan aktivitas pembelajaran menjadi bermakna dengan keterlibatan siswa secara langsung dalam project. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan suatu bahan ajar baru berbasis project  yang menyajikan topik matematika dipadukan dengan bidang STEM lainnya. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh secara kualitatif, rancangan bahan ajar seringkali mengalami perubahan susunan penyampaian bergantung pada keberagaman kemampuan siswa dan pengetahuan guru. Secara kuantitatif, model project -based learning terintegrasi STEM, dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa SMP.
Bagaimana Perbandingan SLB Negeri dan SLB Swasta: Analisis pada Implementasi Manajemen Pendidikan Life Skill
Authors: Permana Johar , Prihatin Eka , Rochyadi Endang , Syarifah Liah Siti
Published: February 2021

Implementasi manajemen life skill yang dilakukan oleh sekolah untuk siswa disabilitas memiliki perbedaan antara satu sekolah dengan sekolah lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan implementasi manajemen life skill pada siswa disabilitas di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri dan Sekolah Luar Biasa Swasta. Kajian dilakukan di Sekolah Luar Biasa di Kabupaten Sukabumi, dengan responden setiap sekolah 10 orang yang terdiri dari Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah bagian kurikulum serta guru dan ditambah dari komite sekolah 1 responden. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah mixed method, dimana menggunakan kuesioner untuk melihat keseragaman pendapat sivitas akademika di tiap sekolah, dan untuk memperdalam penelitian dilanjutkan dengan wawancara serta observasi dan studi dokumentasi untuk menjawab bagaimana analisis implementasi manajemen pendidikan life skill di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri dan Sekolah Luar Biasa Swasta. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa adanya ketidakseragaman pendapat diantara sivitas akademika disetiap sekolah berkaitan dengan manajemen pendidikan life skil melalui prinsip-prinsipnya yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaa dan evaluasi. Rekomendasi yang diajukan adalah semua civitas akademika harus memiliki pemahaman yang sama berkaitan dengan manajemen pendidikan life skill.
True Grit: How Important is the Concept of Grit for Education? A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Allen Rosie Elizabeth , Kannangara Chathurika , Carson Jerome
Published: February 2021

An abundance of literature exists that explores the potential applications of grit in predicting several academic outcomes. Regardless, the concept of grit has been heavily criticised due to the number of inconsistencies among current research. Fully understanding the usefulness of grit in an educational context is a worthwhile pursuit and could yield incredibly influential implications. The current narrative review aimed to address and explore these inconsistencies to determine the true impact of grit on the academic outcomes of school students. Such that, it aimed to establish whether grit was useful in improving outcomes such as academic achievement, attendance and retention. Research posits that grit is a strong predictor of academic outcomes for many, but not all, students. Furthermore, it seems that the predictive abilities of grit can be enhanced by concentrating on the perseverance of efforts component of grit, rather than overall grit. While the importance of grit’s perseverance component has been confirmed; there are several recommendations for future research. Likewise, a number of inconsistencies are discussed relating to grits practical applications within an educational context. Cultivating grittiness, specifically perseverance of efforts, in student populations would reap huge rewards. Indeed, the educational rewards for students would be substantial, as well as the financial benefits for schools and educating institutions. The usefulness of cultivating a perseverance of efforts in students is discussed.
List of reviewers
Authors: Diez Palomar Javier
Published: February 2021

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The features of the contact angle evaluation at the nanoscale
Authors: Burian S. , Hrebnov O. , Sysoev V. , Isaiev M.
Published: February 2021

The information regarding the wetting characteristic is important in various aspects of surface science. One of the markers that more frequently uses for describing of wetting characteristics is the wetting angle. Even an estimation of the wetting at the macroscale is a tricky issue, because of the hysteresis between receding and advancing values presence. In the same time, the situation is more complicated for a nanoscopic droplet due to the tangible thickness of the interphase region, what causes an uncertainty of the dividing surface determination, as a consequence it causes an uncertainty of the contact angle determination. In this work using methods molecular dynamics we performed simulations of the cylindrical nanodprolet and the layer of the argon fluid. The density maps and the maps of tension tensor were also measured. Basing on the analysis of the maps within the framework of the Gibbs approach, the equimolar surfaces and the surfaces of tension on the liquid-gas interface and the liquid-solid interface was determined. For the cylindrical nanodroplet, the equilibrium contact wetting angles formed by the corresponding dividing surfaces were estimated. The measured angles differ by more than 10%.
Consistency of Konker-Bassett estimators in linear regression model
Authors: Ivanov O. , Kaptur N. , Savych I.
Published: February 2021

Asymptotic properties of Koenker - Bassett estimators of linear regression model parameters with discrete observation time and random noise being nonlinear local transformation of Gaussian stationary time series with singular spectrum are studied. The goal of the work lies in obtaining the requirements to regression function and time series that simulates the random noise, under which the Koenker - Bassett estimators of regression model parameters are consistent. Linear regression model with discrete observation time and bounded open convex parametric set is the object of the studying. For the first time in linear regression model with described stationary time series as noise having singular spectrum, the weak consistency of unknown parameters Koenker - Bassett estimators are obtained. For getting these results complicated concepts of time series theory and time series statistics have been used, namely: local transformation of Gaussian stationary time series, stationary time series with singular spectral density, expansions by Chebyshev - Hermite polynomials of the transformed Gaussian time series values.
On irreducibility of monomial 7 × 7−matrix over local ring
Authors: Tylyshchak O.
Published: February 2021

We consider a monomial n × n-matrix, which corresponds to a cyclic permutation of the length n, over a commutative local principle ideals ring. Non-zero elements of a non-empty set of first columns of the matrix are identity element of the ring and non-zero elements of non-empty set of the rest columns are a fixed non-zero generator element of the Jacobson radical of the ring. It is known if number of identities or number of generator elements is exact 1 or if n < 7 and number of identities is relatively prime to n, then the matrix is irreducible. If the number of identities is not relatively prime to n, then the matrix is reducible. If the Jacobson radical of the ring is nilpotent of degree 2, then the 7 × 7-matrix of considered form with 3 or 4 identities is reducible. It has been shown that the 7 × 7-matrix is irreducible if the degree of nilpotency of the Jacobson radical of the ring is higher than 2. Some necessary conditions of reducibility of this square matrix of arbitrary size are also established.
The development of software for simulation of random processes with a given accuracy and reliability
Authors: Rozora I. , Pereiaslov O.
Published: February 2021

Today, the theory of random processes and time series prediction is widely used in various fields of science, not only in natural fields. That is why one of the urgent problems is to build a mathematical model of a random process and study its properties. Numerical modeling tasks become especially important due to the powerful capabilities of computer technology, which allows you to create software modeling tools and predict the behavior of a random process. There are different methods of modeling random processes and fields. In some works related to the modeling of random processes, the issues of accuracy and reliability have not been studied. In [1, 2, 3] for various stochastic processes and fields this problem was investigated. In this paper the question of accuracy and reliability of the constructed model is considered. This means that we first build the model and then test it using some adequacy tests with known accuracy and reliability. We also find the estimators of the model parameters using methods of moments. All theoretical results are applied to develop software for model construction of stochastic processes.
Results of the expert forum on the use of perampanel in adolescents with epilepsy in everyday clinical practice
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2021

In June 2020, an online forum of experts on the use of perampanel in adolescents with epilepsy in everyday clinical practice was held. The main goal was to discuss the features of juvenile epilepsy, its diagnosis, the possibilities of using perampanel in this category of patients, and the effectiveness of using the drug in everyday clinical practice. The forum was attended by leading experts in neurology and epileptology. Current data on the epidemiology of epilepsy in the child and juvenile population were presented; the issues of difficulties and diagnostic errors were considered, as well as features of managing adolescents with epilepsy, adverse events of antiepileptic therapy, results of studies on the effectiveness of perampanel, and many social aspects of the life of patients in this category.
Law of the 20th and 21st Centuries: Continuity and Novelty
Authors: Sinyukov V. N.
Published: February 2021

The paper is devoted to the issues of conceptualization of legal development in the 20th and 21st centuries. The paper investigates social relations that determined the global law evolution in the 20th century, as well as changes in macroregulation in the first quarter of the century under consideration. The subject matter of the analysis covers theoretical understanding of the development vectors in the essence of law at the turn of the last two centuries.

As a scientific hypothesis, the author puts forward the statement regarding regulatory specificity and a special strategic role of the 20th century for subsequent legal development. Proving this hypothesis, the author structures the directions of global transformation of social essence and social interrelations of law in the preceding period. The author also shows that these changes have led to the rise of a systemic postclassical legal tradition. The author has described its characteristics and the role in the formation of a new legal identity of the 21st century. The paper also examines the signs of novelty of the law of the present century. The author determines the features of its regulatory individuality generated by technological changes. It is concluded that the novelty of the law of the present century is preconditioned by the combination of Postmodern and the era of introduction of technological regulators.

The paper shows the directions of formation of regulatory individuality of the 21st century, its contradictions related to the legal adaptation of a new technological order. It is concluded that the legal regulation moves towards inclusion patterns of nature and new biological and virtual states of the man in its immediate subject matter. The legal complex integrates the methodology of technology and the artificial language of technology, which results in providing a significant insight into the boundaries of social and technical norms.

The paper questions the possible rupture of the legal tradition, which the 21st century is bringing, the factors of its aggravation, including the pandemic. The assumption is formulated that a new law arises in the system of innovative interrelations in the technological sphere that leads to the restructuring of institutions of law and legal relations, as well as to the formation of new value properties of law—its syncreticism, integration of the individual and the general, non-subjectivity, non-objectivity, public-private permeability, anthropomorphism.
EXERGETIC AND ENERGETIC EVALUATION OF AN INNOVATIVE SOLAR AIR HEATING SYSTEM COATED WITH GRAPHENE AND COPPER OXIDE NANO-PARTICLES
Authors: KUMAR Ruhal , KUMAR VERMA Sujit
Published: February 2021

In the 21th century, renewable energy has to play very important role in socio-economic and industrial development. This paper evaluates the exergy- energy analysis, which is based on the second law of thermodynamics. The triangular solar heater is developed to determine the heat transfer rate, thermal efficiency, exergy efficiency and Bejan number. In addition, we have examined the effects of entropy generation with respect to solar radiation and ambient temperature of air. Absorber plates coated with graphene and copper oxide nano-particles by the different percentages (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% & 0.4%) doped into black paint which increases the absorption of heat. The Reynolds number (4500≤R_e≤22700) varies for the fixed selective coating on absorber plate and mass flow rate. The experimental observations were performed for constant mass flow rate of air ranging from 0.0035kg/s to 0.018 kg/s. The experimental result gives the average thermal efficiency enhancement of 3.58% for 0.3% graphene/CuO-black paint. Entropy generation is more for 0.1% and minimum for 0.3% graphene/CuO-black paint coating. The entropy generation analysis concludes that the entropy generation increases with increasing the mass flow rate. Exergy efficiency enhancement can be found 0.169%for 0.3% with respect to 0.1% graphene/CuO-black paint.
Medical management of ectopic pregnancy in a low resource setting: the role of methotrexate
Authors: Ndour Simon Birame , Gueye Mamour , Diouf Abdoul Aziz , Diallo Moussa
Published: February 2021

Background: Medical treatment using methotrexate. However, its indications and the protocol of administration are still under discussion. Even if follow-up problems are often raised in developing countries, medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy remains a reasonable option that we practice and share our experience here.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients managed for an unruptured ectopic pregnancy in two university hospital facilities in Dakar: the Centre Hospitalier National de Pikine and the Centre de Santé de Philipe Maguilen Senghor. The data of this study are spread over a period of 10 years, from 2010 and 2019. We planned to evaluate maternal age, parity, gestational age, diagnosis circumstances, medical management, monitoring, and outcome. A single dose protocol was used. Data extracted from the registries were transferred to Microsoft Excel 2019, Mac version and then moved to SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, 26.Results: Over ten years, we had registered 18 patients who had received medical treatment out of a total of 263 ectopic pregnancies treated in the two facilities, i.e., a frequency of 6.8%. The average age was 28.8 years. The average initial HCG level was 10,460 mIU/ml. Treatment succeeded in more than 6 out of 10 patients (61.1%). However, we noted 5 cases of failure that had secondarily benefited from salpingectomy by laparotomy.Conclusions: Methotrexate is now part of the therapeutic arsenal in the management of unruptured tubal ectopic pregnancies. However, in developing countries, particularly in Senegal, there is a reluctance to use this therapeutic method, which, however, when a personalized follow-up is carried out, is achievable with a success rate comparable to other therapeutic methods.
Feto-maternal outcome study in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: primigravida vs multigravida
Authors: Mandal Jaydeb , Roy Dibyendu
Published: February 2021

Background: Approximately 7-10% of all pregnancies are complicated by some form of hypertensive disorders. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality as well as fetal complications. This study is aimed to determine and compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes of hypertensive pregnancies in between primigravida and multigravida.Methods: After taking college ethical committee permission a prospective comparative study was done in our medical college from January 2017 to April 2017 with 300 women having HDP from 3658 admitted patients in that time. They were enquired and followed up as per questionnaire till their discharge from the hospital. Among study women 174 women were primigravida, 126 were multigravida. The prevalence of maternal events and complications like eclampsia, IUGR, preterm labour (PTL), HELLP syndrome DIC, mode of delivery and fetal events like Apgar’s score, birth weight were studied and compared among primigravida and multigravida. All the events related to pregnancy outcomes were analyzed statistically.Results: Our study shows prevalence of HDP was 8.2% of total admitted patients, of them 58% were primigravida, 42% multigravida. Primigravida compared to multigravida had a higher tendency to have IUGR, PTL. DIC is also slightly more in primigravida but placental abruption and PPH were more in multigravida. Fetal outcome study showed babies born with low birth weight is significantly more in primigravida and higher incidence of severe asphyxiated babies were born in primigravida. More than 40% primigravida were terminated by caesarean section, most of them had emergency indication.Conclusions: Primigravidas are more sufferer to HDP and its complications. Comprehensive antenatal care at the same time strict vigilance during delivery and quality postnatal care of high risk patients specially primigravida group could significantly reduce maternal morbidity and mortality and improves fetal outcome.
Second trimester termination of pregnancy with misoprostol alone and misoprostol with isosorbide mononitrate: a comparative study
Authors: Saxena Pinkee , Jaiswal Neha , Kabra Shashi Lata , Kadam Vijay K. , Saxena Vidushi
Published: February 2021

Background: Aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of misoprostol   alone and misoprostol with isosorbide mononitrate in reducing the induction abortion time interval in second trimester termination of pregnancy.Methods: A randomized control prospective study was conducted. Patients seeking second trimester abortions were randomized in to two groups. Group A received 400 ugm of misoprostol per vaginum every 4 hours up to maximum of 5 doses. Group B patients received 400 ugm of misoprostol and 40mg of isosorbide nitrate intravaginally. Repeat dose of 400 ugm misoprostol and 20 mg of isosorbide mononitrate was given every 4 hours up to a maximum of 5 doses. The induction to abortion interval and side effects of the drugs used were noted.Results: A total 71 women seeking second trimester termination between 12 to 20 weeks gestation were recruited for the study. In group A, there were 36 patients and in group B there were 35 patients. In group A the mean induction abortion interval was 14.8±4.16 hours while in group B the mean induction-abortion interval was 12.45±3.9 hours. Patients treated with isosorbide mononitrate and misoprostol combination had statistically significantly lower induction abortion time interval when compared with misoprostol alone (p value 0.018).Conclusions: The study demonstrates that the combination of isosorbide mononitrate and misoprostol is more effective for termination of second trimester pregnancy than misoprostol alone.
Comparative study of non-descent vaginal hysterectomy and total laparoscopic hysterectomy performed for benign gynaecological conditions
Authors: Nimbannavar Harshal , Chugh Amey , Rama Amulya , Bal Himadri
Published: February 2021

Background: Hysterectomy is a common surgical procedure frequently performed in the day-to-day practice of gynaecology. Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH), which is an art of gynaecological surgeons, has established its place in the realm of gynaecological surgeries. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) has a steep learning curve, requires modernized OT set-up including special endoscopic instruments and may not be available in all centres. Non-decent vaginal hysterectomy is a viable alternative in such a scenario. Hence these two surgeries have been compared in this study.Methods: A total 40 patients undergoing hysterectomy for various benign indications, were included for the study. They were divided into two groups of 20 each. One group underwent TLH and the other NDVH. Demographic profile and other perioperative events were compared and statistically analysed.  Results: NDVH group experienced more pain and required a greater number of analgesic doses. The intraoperative blood loss was more in NDVH group and duration of surgery was significantly higher in NDVH group. Rest of the parameters were by and large comparable. The incidence of bladder injury was more in the TLH group as compared to NDVH group.Conclusions: Both NDVH and TLH have their pros and cons. In a given case the final decision will depend on a number of variables like human, financial and medical.
Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: a study of 120 cases at a tertiary health care center in Western India
Authors: Patel Akash J. , Patel Babulal S. , Shah Akshay C. , Jani Shashwat K.
Published: February 2021

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pre-eclampsia accounts for the majority of referrals in a tertiary care center as it stands one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It complicates 6-10% of all pregnancies. In India, they account for the third most important cause of maternal mortality. Patients with PIH are at a greater risk of abruptio placenta, cerebrovascular events, organ failure and DIC. Fetuses are at a greater risk of IUGR, preterm birth, small for gestational age and IUD. This study aimed to determine the maternal and perinatal outcomes of hospitalized pregnant cases with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia.Methods: This was a single year retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care center of Western India from May 2019 to May 2020. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were analyzed among the severe preeclampsia and eclampsia groups.Results: A total 52 (43.33%) of the cases were in the age group of 21-25 years, 64 (53.33%) were primigravidae and the majority were referred from peripheral hospitals. Liver function tests were deranged in 26.68% of the patients and 32.5% had abnormal renal function. Labetalol was the most commonly used antihypertensive and magnesium sulphate was the anticonvulsant used in all the cases. Lower segment caesarean section was the mode of delivery in 62 (51.67%) of the cases. Commonest maternal complication was atonic PPH (12.5%). There was one maternal mortality due to aspiration pneumonia. 85 (70.83%) of the babies needed NICU admission. There were 5 (4.16%) perinatal deaths.Conclusions: Accessible health care and health education and awareness regarding antenatal check-ups for all women will lead to early detection of severe preeclampsia. Prompt treatment and management of its complications will certainly improve the maternal and fetal outcome.
A successful full term delivery in a case of robotic assisted insertion of transabdominal cerclage in an obese woman with multiple uterine fibroids
Authors: Tan Y. H. , Durai S. , Devendra K. , Ravichandran N.
Published: February 2021

Cervical incompetence is not an uncommon presentation in an obstetric emergency unit. Some of these patients will be managed with a cervical cerclage. While the management of patients presenting with first time cervical incompetence is relatively established, the management of patient with repeated cervical incompetence might require an abdominal cerclage. Abdominal cerclages can be inserted traditionally via laparotomy or via a minimally invasive approach (MIS). We present a case of an obese patient presenting with 3 previous second trimester miscarriages despite 2 cervical cerclage complicated by multiple uterine fibroids who underwent a robotic assisted insertion of transabdominal cerclage (RTAC) pre-pregnancy. She subsequently conceived spontaneously and carried the pregnancy to term and delivered a healthy baby via caesarean section. There have been multiple published studies showing that an MIS approach for abdominal cerclage insertion is safe and viable. Robotic assisted procedures allow for better visualisation and manipulation of tissue especially in patients anticipating a complex procedure. For our patient we feel that a robotic assisted procedure would be more beneficial given her profile and the complexity of her case.
Fertility preservation in non-seminomatous germ cell tumor: a case report
Authors: Patel Nayana , Patel Niket , Patel Molina , Jadeja Yuvraj , Bhadarka Harsha , Thakkar Harmi
Published: February 2021

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common malignancy in young men in their peak fertility years. It can intrinsically and permanently affect fertility potential of an individual. Clinicians are advised to offer Fertility Preservation before initiating the treatment. We present one such case of presence of Neoplasm in testis, where semen was cryopreserved before operating it for fertility preservation and biological pregnancy was achieved. On further investigations, presence of neoplasm on left testis was diagnosed. However, neoplasms of the testes are unique in that way they affect men at a young age and also have a high survival rates. Cryopreservation of ejaculated or surgically retrieved sperm is currently the only established method of fertility preservation for post-pubertal man. The incidence as well as rates for testicular cancers have remained relatively low and if presented early on, can be cured and has good survival rates. Fertility awareness must be raised amongst the oncologist, gynecologist and patients.
Successful laparoscopic management of accessory cavitated uterine mass: a rare case
Authors: Pratapwar Dinesh D. , Zunjare Sarika Pramod , Tasneem Fasiha
Published: February 2021

Accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) is a rare and unique congenital anomaly. The dysmenorrhea presented by these patients is almost never resolved by any medications but only by surgical line of management. Herein, we are discussing a case of ACUM who had medically refractory dysmenorrhea and treated by laparoscopic excision and repair. ACUM is the newly identified popping up cause of dysmenorrhoea requiring surgical line of management only. Fewer than 40 cases, worldwide, have been reported in the literature with the youngest case being a 13-year-old girl. Laparoscopic excision has shown good postoperative results. Dysmenorrhea is a significant cause of reduced quality of life. High degree of suspicion, early investigations and identification of such cases help in appropriate management and reduce the duration of symptoms and thus the seamy side of life can be made better.
Pattern analysis of S. haematobium infection and elimination in the area of Alsuki, Sudan
Authors: Abdelshafie Rawia A. , Abdalla Mohamed Abdalla I.
Published: February 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the current conditions of children of the selected area, for the purpose of measuring the new effective health program for schistosomiasis disease eliminations and obtain the prevalence intensity and risk factors of S. haematobium among school children in the study area.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to screen school going children of all the ages from five randomly selected schools from Alsuki region. A statistical analysis derived from data formulated based on 1062 samples aged between 6 and 15 years attending the selected schools during the period testing within 6 months were enrolled.Results: The impact of health awareness program was measured usefully and the responded factor for reducing the Schistosomiasis diseases was significantly became less than (0.05). Therefore, the actual qualified fitting degree and applicability was significantly becoming (p value=0.001).Conclusions: This research concluded that the prediction of Schistosomiasis diseases due to the risk Ratio of the collected data for those who did not attended awareness over the people who attended program became (0.248).
The effect of rainfall on the spread of malaria in Indonesia
Authors: Faradiba Faradiba
Published: February 2021

Background: Indonesia's territory consists of a large number of islands stretching from Sabang to Merauke. This condition causes different levels of development between regions. The eastern region of Indonesia is relatively slow when compared to the western region. This has resulted in the eastern region being in pristine condition and filled with forests. The climate in eastern Indonesia tends to be humid, resulting in high development of the female Anopheles mosquito, the cause of malaria.Methods: The use of the instrumental variable method is necessary, because the model has endogeneity problems. The data used in this study comes from the results of the 2018 Podes data and climate data.Results: The results of this study indicate that rainfall affects the number of malaria incidents and has a positive impact on mortality due to malaria, with coefficients of 0.0000779 and 0.0000142, respectively.Conclusions: Education is needed for the community to minimize malaria, which often occurs, generally in the Papua region. Through health promotion, it is hoped that the community will be able to live cleanly and healthily, as well as change their behavior in life, considering that the area is vulnerable to malaria.
Biological false positive rapid plasma reagin tests in pregnant females in North India
Authors: Sahota Somanpreet Kaur , Shakya Barun Kumar , Arora Deepak , Jindal Neeraj
Published: February 2021

Background: Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease seriously complicate pregnancy and produce harmful results in fetus. Screening of pregnant females in early pregnancy with non-treponemal tests such as RPR and VDRL is a cost effective strategy for diagnosis of syphilis. However, these tests could produce BFP reaction in pregnancy. The prevalence of which may be different in different populations and at different times. The current prevalence of the biological false positive rapid plasma regain tests in pregnant females of North India was there for assessed and being reported.Methods: A total 500 consecutive pregnant females who presented to our tertiary care center for the first time were screened for syphilis by RPR (a non-treponemal test) and Hi-Quik (a treponemal test) after obtaining their written consent.Results: Of the 500 females 21 (4.2%) were RPR positive and only one (0.2%) was Hi-Quik positive. Thus the prevalence of biological false positive rapid plasma regain tests in pregnant females of North India was 4% (20/500). In semi quantitative RPR, these tests were positive in ≤1:4 dilution and were not found to be related to any particular age, geographical distribution, literacy status, occupation or period of gestation (p value >0.05) and were transient in nature.Conclusions: Our study concludes that although RPR is a good, cost effective test for mass screening of pregnant females, but it produces BFP reactions in considerable percentage (4%) in pregnant females of North India.
A study on the nature of criminal offences in prisoners with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Suryavanshi Sunilkumar R. , Netto Ivan S.
Published: February 2021

Background: There are very few Indian studies related to the nature of criminal offences in individuals with psychiatric disorders.Methods: Sample consisted of 50 prisoners admitted to a Mental hospital. Their diagnostic categorization was done according to ICD-10 diagnostic research criteria and criminal offences using the Indian Penal code (IPC). The criminal offences and nature of psychiatric illness were divided into two broad groups as violent/non-violent criminal offence and schizophrenia/non-schizophrenia groups respectively.Results: 46 males and 4 female prisoners participated. Murder (IPC 302) was the most common crime among the prisoners. 88% (44) of them had a history of violent crimes and 12% (6) had non-violent crimes. The violent crimes were mainly murder (IPC 302), attempt to murder (IPC 307), and culpable homicide not amounting to murder (IPC 304) and voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons (IPC 323, 324, 325, 326). The non-violent crimes were destroying, damaging or defiling (IPC 295), kidnapping (IPC 363), theft (IPC 379) and sexual crimes (IPC 376). All females had committed murder while males had other crimes in addition to murder.Conclusions: Murder, attempt to murder, rape, kidnapping, grievous injury and theft were the crimes committed by the prisoners. Murder was the most common crime committed by both male and female prisoners. Most prisoners with violent crimes (murder) had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. This has implications for mental health services, training of mental health professional research and policy in forensic psychiatry in the Indian setting.
A study to assess knowledge of mothers’ of under-five children regarding PEM in field practice areas of a tertiary health care teaching hospital from Hyderabad
Authors: Gaiki Varun Vijay , Sonkar Venkartamana K.
Published: February 2021

Background: Despite of starting nutritional programs early into the life of country, India has not been able to control the status of malnutrition. Mothers being in close contact and primary care takers most of the times, directly influence health of the child.Methods: This community based descriptive study was conducted with systematic random sampling and a unique tool developed to assess maternal knowledge on PEM having 30 point system was used to grade knowledge into 3 categories of low knowledge, intermediate knowledge and high knowledge of PEM.Results: There was significant association observed in maternal educational status, educational status of family and with increase in maternal age.Conclusions: With strengthening of policies for development of maternal education and income, and delaying average age at marriage and subsequently age at pregnancy, knowledge of mothers can be increased resulting in reducing prevalence of malnutrition in community.
A study on selected morbidities among mining workers in Goa
Authors: S. Kalyani , Vernekar Preksha P. , Cacodcar Jagadish A.
Published: February 2021

Background: Given the complexity of the underground work system, the accidents at mining site and associated occupational diseases are dysfunctions that reduce the efficiency, productivity and profitability of workers. The present study provides a profile of selected morbidities among mining workers in Goa.Methods: Data was obtained from the records of a Occupational Health Service (OHS) centre in Ponda, Goa that conducted periodic health check ups of mining workers employed in 4 open cast iron ore mines from 4 Talukas, 2 each from North and South districts of Goa. Patient records of 199 workers representing different categories of work were obtained and analyzed. Data primarily focussed on visual acuity, audiometry findings, spirometry reports, ECG and basic laboratory blood investigations.Results: Upon analysis of data, it was observed that a high proportion of workers (43.21%) had defective vision. Assessment of audiometry reports revealed that 22.61% of workers had some form of hearing loss. As much as 19 (9.5%) workers were hypertensive, 26 (13.06%) were diabetic and 26 (13.06%) were dyslipidaemic. As high as 40 (20.1%) workers had ECG changes while 5 (2.51%) had pulmonary function impairment.Conclusions: Mining workers suffer from various health problems, notably, hearing loss, visual impairment, pulmonary function abnormalities and non-communicable diseases. This study emphasizes the importance of pre-employment and periodic medical check-ups in the mining industry for timely detection and appropriate treatment of these health conditions among the mining workers.
Dilemma and implication of COVID-19 recurrences among healthcare workers
Authors: Shah Anuradha Kunal , Velhal Gajanan D. , Raul Mayuri Umesh
Published: February 2021

Reports of second infections with COVID-19 have intrigued researchers around the globe. They increase the burden on the already surging infected cases and add to the existing stigma around COVID. Moreover, it is mentally and physically taxing for the individual to go through the same stress for the second time. We aim to describe three cases of Re-Detected Positives (RDP) among healthcare workers in a tertiary care institute. The case histories were taken in detail over the telephone comparing the course, clinical history, contact history, and lab investigations of a first and second infection in each of them. A standard format developed for contact tracing in the institute was used for this. The period observed between two infections in these cases were 2-3 months and all the cases had tested negative by RTPCR before re-testing positive. Case 1: RDP by RTPCR 2.5 months after the first episode. He was asymptomatic, anti-bodies to SARS-Co-V 2 were also present in serum. Case 2 and 3: RDP by RTPCR and rapid antigen around 2.5 months after the first episode. They were symptomatic, antibodies absent and the contacts subsequently turned positive. Prolonged shedding of virus, reactivation, reinfection, dead viral shedding, false test results is the possible causes scientifically discussed. Second infections can be seen in COVID-19. It is expected to present with more severe signs and symptoms. Hence, general precautions should be taken even after recovery from the disease, especially in the case of HCWs who are constantly exposed.
An observational study of endoscopic versus microscopic type I tympanoplasty in tubotympanic chronic otitis media in a tertiary health care centre
Authors: Chowdhury Amrita , Das Shatabdi
Published: February 2021

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a widespread disease in the developing countries. It is treated by tympanoplasty, traditionally performed with the microscope which limits the visual field in the deep recesses of the middle ear, especially in narrow external auditory canal. Using endoscope has minimised these difficulties by providing a wide field view with angled magnification, reducing the duration of surgery. The advantages and disadvantages of both techniques is evaluated in our study.

Methods: In this observational study, 60 patients of tubotympanic COM between 12-60 years of age with small to medium sized central perforation and air-bone gap of less than 45 decibel were included. They were divided into two groups (group A and group B) of 30 patients each. Group A underwent microscopic type 1 tympanoplasty and group B underwent endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty. The duration of the surgery, the post-operative improvement in hearing and the graft uptake was analysed after 3 months of surgery. The post-operative hospital stay duration was noted.  

Results: The post-operative hearing improvement and the graft uptake after 3 months of the surgery was statistically not significant between the two groups. But the mean duration of the operation and the post-operative hospital stay was significantly lower in the endoscopic group with a p value <0.05.

Conclusions: Endoscopes are better in otological procedures as it reduces the surgical duration, provides better visibility, lessens the post-operative hospital stay, reducing the economic burden of the patient.
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: an uncommon complication in head and neck surgery
Authors: Bustos Felipe A. , Capdeville Felipe A. , Rappoport Daniel A. , Zanolli Luis F. , Valdes Fabio , Rojas Hugo E. , Contreras Jose M. , Schiappacasse Giancarlo , Madrid Arturo J.
Published: February 2021

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a degenerative disorder of unknown etiology that most often occurs in male patients over 50. Dysphagia is its main symptom, but they can also have dyspnea, otalgia, cough, sore throat, foreign body sensation in the pharynx, sleep apnea and glottic alterations. We present a case report and review the literature about this entity. We report a case of an oral squamous cell carcinoma that received a commando surgery and tracheostomy tube. Decanulations attempts were unsuccessful initially due to DISH. Conservative management was successful and complete rehabilitation performed, achieving decannulation 18 months after surgery. DISH can be a source of many different symptoms that may appear or be exacerbated after any surgery, and produce a postoperative complication. Conservative management is usually the best treatment, leaving surgical interventions for severe symptomatic patients. The knowledge of this entity and a high level of suspicion are very important for a proper diagnosis and management.
Mejores instituciones de pensiones en América Latina y el Caribe: La función de los consejos asesores de pensiones
Authors: Bosch Mariano , Cabrita Felix Carolina , García-Huitrón Manuel , Soler Nicolás
Published: February 2021

Un gran tema pendiente en los sistemas de pensiones en América Latina y el Caribe es que carecen de una institucionalidad que facilite su adaptación oportuna ante el cambio demográfico que se avecina y ante las potenciales tensiones sociales y fiscales que este puede generar. Esta limitante provoca que los Gobiernos ajusten el sistema ocasionalmente y retrasen las reformas necesarias, típicamente, en un momento donde las opciones técnicas son muy limitadas y la acción debe ser casi inmediata. La presión por resultados a corto plazo puede, además, implicar importantes sacrificios para las generaciones afectadas. En parte esto se debe a que la economía política de las reformas de la seguridad social es muy compleja. En ausencia de reglas de ajuste y de instituciones que revisen oportunamente los parámetros fundamentales de los sistemas de pensiones, las reformas de pensiones suelen ser gatilladas por crisis fiscales o sociales. La crisis generada por el COVID-19, además, dejó al descubierto las fragilidades de los sistemas de seguridad social de América Latina y el Caribe. En la región, algunos países ya hicieron esfuerzos para robustecer su institucionalidad con el fin de hacer frente a impactos de distintas naturalezas, como es el caso de Chile y El Salvador. Este documento presenta una revisión de ocho casos de estudio representativos de la experiencia internacional en el diseño, responsabilidades y funcionamiento de consejos asesores de pensiones.