bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation of anxiety and pulse rate before tooth exctraction of 6-9 years old children
Authors: De Hersa Sarah Cinthia Richy Artha , Herdiyati Yetty , Tjahajawati Sri
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Anxiety in children during dental treatment is a common problem that affects the success of dental care. Only a few patients come to the dentist without anxiety and it will be far more difficult for dentists to provide satisfactory dental care for tense patients compared to patients who are relaxed and cooperative.The purpose of this study was to analized relationship of the anxiety in children  with pulse rate aged 6-9 years old before tooth extraction. Methods: This method of this study was descriptive with a sample of 30 children aged 6-9 years old. The samples collected by using purposive sampling at the first time they would get dental extraction treatment. Measurement used questionnaire with Corah method and measure their pulse before tooth extraction. Results: The result shows in 30 children aged 6-9 years old who first came to the dentist there are 90% children who have no anxiety, 3,3% children who have high anxiety, and 6,7% children who have highest anxiety. The result of statistical analysis of obtained p-value is 0,001 less than 0,05 indicating a significant relationship between anxiety and pulse rate of children before tooth extraction. Conclusion:  There is strong relationship of the anxiety with the child’s pulse before tooth extraction of 6-9 year old children.
Inhibitory concentrations of gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) catechins extract against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Inmawaty Jesieca , Sudjarwo Indrati , Satari Mieke Hemiawati
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Catechin which extracted from gambir (Uncaria gambir  Roxb) is a major component of polyphenol compounds. The catechins compound acts as an antibacterial. The study was to analyze the inhibitory concentration gambir catechin extract against Streptococcus mutans as the bacteria that play a role in the formation of dental caries. Methods: The study was conducted in a laboratory experiment by testing inhibitory concentration gambir catechin extract, through Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method on plates TYCSB for 1 x 24 hours. Test bacteria Streptococcus mutans isolated from saliva. The used suspension of bacteria was made according to the standard turbidity of Mc Farland 0.5 are each 1 ml suspension containing 1.5 x 108 bacteria. The powder obtained from catechin gambir extract through freezing method. Results: Catechins concentrations of 20% produces the lowest inhibition, with an inhibitory diameter of 0,615 cm. The largest inhibition produces by the concentration of catechins with 80% inhibition at 1,085 cm inhibitory diameter. Conclusion: The higher concentration of catechins, the greater inhibition produces. Conversely, the lower concentration of catechins will be lower inhibition produces. the resulting zone of inhibition will be smaller.
Density in mandibular trabeculae of beta thalassemia major patients at the age of 11-13 years
Authors: Biyantini Nisa Milati , Oscandar Fahmi , Riyanti Eriska
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Density of mandible trabeculae is defined as density of trabeculae at posterior region of mandibulae. Systemic diseases which can affect bone density are osteoporosis and many types of anemia, including which has significant influence that is beta thalassemia major. The objective of this investigation was to obtain the data of density in mandible trabeculae of beta thalassemia major patients at the age of 11-13 years. Methods: The descriptive method was used in this study and the samples were selected using the total sampling technique. 15 periapical photos were obtained using the total sampling echnique. The periapical photos are administered using 3D-Doctor software. Data were analyzed using simple mean value formula. Results: Statistical count resulted in the minimum score of sample which was 98, 039 grayscale, the maximum score of sample which was 231, 34 grayscale, and the range score of sample which was 126.503 grayscale Conclusion: Density of mandible trabeculae of thalassemia beta major patients at the age of 11-13 is 126.503 grayscale.
The motivation of fixed orthodontic appliance patients with two-years of usage time
Authors: Widyandari Paramita , Malik Isnaniah , Sunaryo Iwa Rahmat
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Motivation is the power that moves a person to behave, think, and feel like they do. The patient’s motivation when doing orthodontic treatment is essential to determine the success of the treatment. This study aimed to determine the description of the motivation of patients who have been using fixed orthodontic devices for two years at Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran (RSGM Unpad). Methods: This type of research is done by using descriptive methods. The sampling technique is total sampling with the number of research samples obtained was 34 people. This research was conducted during October 2011. The type of patient motivation was determined by using a quartile in scoring the results of the questionnaire answers given to respondents, namely patients who came to the RSGM specialist integrated care facility. Patients’ motivation is categorized as very high, high, low, and very low. Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents were women, teenagers and young adults, with high school education and university students. Patient motivation levels obtained from data analysis were only very high and high categories in orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: All the respondents have a relatively high motivation for undergoing orthodontic treatment at the RSGM Unpad and no respondents who have low motivation.
The effectiveness of propolis on the healing period of recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Han Foo You , Setiadhi Riani , Sudjarwo Indrati
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Propolis®, also known as bee glue, is a substance acquired from the bee hive, which contain antimicrobial, antiviral and antifungal properties. The aim of this research was to identify the best concentration of propolis® that is effective for healing period of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). Methods: This research was experimental study and the sample are patients who have Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis during the extent of the research at Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut, Bandung, Indonesia. the patients were given Propolis® of either 0.5% or 1.0% concentration randomly. Results: Using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the data is tested for normality of patients whom are applying Propolis® cream at concentration of 0.5% and 1%. The average time taken for the subject with 0.5% Propolis® cream to fully heal were 5 days, while those with 1.0% Propolis® cream required 6 days. From the t-test for equality of means, where 0.140 > 0.05, we can conclude that the difference is not significant between subjects that were given Propolis® cream at 0.5% concentration compared with subject given with 1.0% concentration of Propolis® cream.The result shows that Propolis at 0.5% concentration provides an average healing period of 5 days while propolis at 1.0% on an average of 6 days for the healing of RAS. Conclusion: Propolis at 0.5% is more effective compared to 1.0% for healing period of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.
Difference in clinical crown length of maxillary central incisors and gingival display at rest and during smiling based on gender
Authors: Zaini Nadia Atina , Rikmasari Rasmi , Damayanti Lisda
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of gender on the degree of maxillary central incisors and associated gingival display when the lips are at rest and during smiling. Methods: A total of 65 subjects (40 females [61.5%]; 25 males [38.5%]) of Malaysian Malay community studied in UNPAD were included in the study. All of the subjects had all natural anterior teeth present with no caries, extreme occlusal wear, restorations, extrusion, obvious deformities, or tooth mobility. The visible portions of the maxillary central incisor, and associated gingival at rest and smiling were measured vertically from the lower border of the upper lip to the incisal edge of the incisors. The measurements were measured using an electronic digital caliper and repeated three times. The mean value was calculated and statistical analyses were performed by Student t test. Results: Outcome of the study indicated that there is marked difference statistically (p < 0.05) with the clinical crown length display at rest (CCLR). However, the clinical crown length display during smiling (CCLS) and gingival display during smiling (GD) differences is non significant (p > 0.05) between these two genders. Conclussion: Females displayed more clinical crown length of maxillary central incisors than males at rest. During smiling, no gender differences in maxillary central incisors display were recorded, however, females displayed more maxillary gingival than males.
The difference in def-t and DMF-T index between autistic and normal children
Authors: Gayatri Prima Abigail , Herdiyati Yetty , Chemiawan Eka
Published: May 2020

Introduction: One of the problems in the development of a child is autism. Children with autism have limitations in social interaction and communication. There are differences in parenting and food consumption between normal and autistic children that may lead to differences in caries activity. The research was conducted in order to obtain the difference of index def-t and DMF-T between children with autism and normal children. Methods: This study was performed as a cross-sectional analytical research, using equality of two proportions and Mann-Whitney to analyze the differences of index def-t and DMF-T index children with autism and normal children. The research sample consisted of 23 children with autism of Yayasan Our Dream, Yayasan Pelita Hafizh and SLB Prananda and 23 normal children of MI Cikapayang. Results: The results of this research showed that the index def-t of children with autism was 1.21 and normal children was 3.69. The DMF-T index of children with autism was 1.56, while the normal children was 2.26. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research was that there was no significant difference in def-t index in children with autism and normal children except for the "e" (indicated for extraction) and there was a significant difference in DMF-T index between children with autism and normal children.
Effect of exposure frequencies of pear juice on tooth whitening
Authors: Munusamy Gobalakrishna , Sukartini Endang , Hayati Ayu Trisna
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Tooth whitening (Bleaching) is a method to restore discoloured teeth to the original tooth colour with a chemical process. The materials used in the bleaching process are hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborates and carbamide peroxide. Pear fruit consists of hydrogen peroxide which is potentially an oxidizing compound that produces free radicals that react with unsaturated bonding teeth staining substances. This study aims to analyzed tooth whitening effect of exposure of pear juice with different frequencies. Methods: The type of research was true in vitro experiment where samples of 32 maxillary premolar teeth had cut the root to CEJ. The specimens divided into four groups. The first group was soaked in pear juice two times, the second group three times, a third group four times, and the fourth was the control group using only mineral water. Tooth colour was measure using a Spectrophometer, conducted before and after individual soaking. Results: The research result is tested with ANOVA and Newman- Keuls Range Test showed a significant difference of tooth whitening degree between the frequency exposure pear juice after 2 times soaking, 3 times soaking and 4 times soaking. Conclusion: There are difference degree of whitening from the difference frequency exposure of pear juice and Pear juice exposure of 4 times gives higher whitening effect compared to frequency of 3 times, 2 times and control group which is soaked in water.
Eight to thirteen years old children fear at dental treatment
Authors: Aryani Dwi Destaria , Gartika Meirina , Hidayat Syarief
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Fear is an emotion occurring in situation of stress and uncertainty and can make the person experience the threatened or helpless feeling. The etiology of child dental fear consist of personal factor, external factor, and dental factor. The purpose of this study was to describe the child fear at 8-13 years of age toward dental treatment and find the most dominant etiology of fear. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted amongs 53 childs in MI Cikapayang Islamic Elementary School who had ever gotten the dental treatment using CFSS-DS and questionnaire. The sampling method was total sampling. Results: The result shows that the description of child fear at 8-13 years of age to the dental treatment is not afraid at all (45,3%), a little afraid (33%), a fair amount afraid (15,2%), pretty much afraid (4%), and the most little is very afraid (2,5%). The etiology of child dental fear consist of personal factor (52,8%), external factor (7,5%), and dental factor (39,6%). Conclusion: Majority of child fear at 8-13 years of age to the dental treatment in MI Cikapayang Islamic Elementary School feel not afraid at all to the dental treatment (45,3%) and the most dominant etiology is personal factor (52,8%).
Clinical features of oral cavity of patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Suroso Diptakanya Murdi , Dewi Tenny Setiani , Fadjari Trinugroho Heri
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma is one of hematologic malignancy that responds to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy agent can cause oral complication such as oral mucositis, hemorrhage, xerostomia, hyposalivation and periodontitist. The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical feature of the oral cavity in patients with non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma whose underwent chemotherapy  Method: This study used an observational descriptive method. This type of research is observational descriptive. The study population was non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma sufferers who were undergoing chemotherapy at the Hematology and Medical Oncology Outpatient Installation Division of Internal Medicine at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. The study sample was taken by consecutive sampling method The numbers of samples in this study were 30 people according to predetermined criteria. Result: The result shows that all samples have abnormalities of the oral cavity that patients who have an abnormality are amounted to 20% and patients who have more than one kind of oral abnormalities amounted to 80%. An abnormality of the oral cavity that the most often found in this study is xerostomia with hyposalivation. Conclusion: Clinical feature of the oral cavity in patients with non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma whose underwent chemotherapy are abnormalities in the oral cavity, where the number of samples that experienced more than one type of oral cavity abnormality was greater when compared to the number of samples with a kind of abnormality. Oral cavity. Most of the samples studied had oral cavity abnormalities in the form of serostomia accompanied by hyposalivation.
Calcium intake in children aged 9-15 years old
Authors: Bahasuan Haniyah Kamal , Primarti Risti Saptarini , Indriyanti Ratna
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Calcium is a main mineral that forms the hard structures of bone and teeth. The Government set standard of calcium intake by Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). RDA of children aged 9 years old was 600mg/day and RDA of children aged 10-15 years old was 1000mg/day. The aim of this research was to know about calcium intake in children aged 9-15 years old in Bandung. Methods: The research method was descriptive method with survey technique. Sample selected by cluster random sampling technique, an amount of children of 609 children aged 9-15 years old which was 157 children aged 9 years old and 452 children aged 10-15 years old. Results: The result of this research shows that the average of calcium intake in children aged 9 years old is 435.47 mg/day and children who lack calcium intake is 86 children or 61.43%. The average of calcium intake in children aged 10-15 years old is 613.85 mg/day and children who lack calcium intake is 317 children or 71.72%. Conclusion: Calcium intake in children aged 9-15 years old is less than Recommended Dietary Allowances.
Microscopic appearance of healthy teeth, burned-tooth and automobile battery solution soaked tooth for the importance of visum in forensic dentistry
Authors: Rozano Randy , Dardjan Murnisari , Oscandar Fahmi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The hard tissue of the teeth is resistant to heat and acid,  so that the teeth have an important role as a material consideration of forensic dentistry. The humans have the same shape of the teeth around one in two billion. The stimuli of burn with high temperature and sour can be change the picture of macroscopic and microscopic tooth. This is the subject of an interesting comparison in the interests of justice and identification of dentistry. Methods: This research was a quasi experiment to analyzed change of microscopic teeth on the hard cases tooth-burning and the case hard acid treatment.The sample used were seven teeth, with details of one normal as a comparison, three teeth burned and three teeth soaked in a solution of water of accu.. Observations were made using the microscope at 40x enlarged on each tooth. The tooth was documented by means of a photographed and compared with healthy teeth. Observing and comparing the microscopic structure and the obtained differences in the teeth and treated with the picture of normal teeth. Results: The results of this study was obtained by observing and comparing the microscopic structure and the obtaineddifferences in the teeth and treated with the picture of normal teeth. Conclusion: The tooth are burned was visible loss of enamel at the cement-enamel junction as a result of the process of carbonization heat exposure so as to cause a breach of micro on the outer layer of the tooth enamel and thinning of dentin tubules, while the teeth are in the soak water accu (strong acid) seen change in color of enamel, micro cracks due to defective enamel and depletion of tubulus dentine and loss of boundary between the cementum and dentine.
Speech articulation disorder in patient using removable orthodontic appliance
Authors: Hofinessia Dita , Rizali Ervin , Syiarudin Elih
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The physiologic of speech is a complex thing involving organ respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation and neurologic integration. The use of removable orthodontic appliance may cause speech articulation disorder and may affect patient’s speech function. The purpose of this research was to obtain an illustration of speech articulation disorder in patient using removable orthodontic appliance. Methods: This research was a descriptive research using the one group pretest posttest design. Speech articulation disorder was determined by testing the labiodental, linguoalveolar and linguopalatal consonants using the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation test equipment. Results: Research result indicated that there was speech articulation disorder in the pronunciation of the consonants /f/; /v/; /t/; /d/; /r/; /s/; /j/; /g/; /k/ in the beginning of the word as many as 37%; 23%; 30%; 57%; 77%; 93%; 50%; 40%; 23%, in the middle of the word as many as 37%; 27%; 60%; 60%; 83%; 97%; 57%; 50%; 80% and in the end of the word as many as 17%; - ; 27%; 50%; 83%; 97%; - ; - ; 57% in the people using removable orthodontic appliance for the first time. Conclusion: Speech articulation disorders in patients with orthodontic removable appliance varies with the presentation of having most articulation disorders is in the pronunciation of consonants / s / in words.
Fracture prevalence of dental crown primary anterior teeth on early childhood education students
Authors: Miryasandra Astari , Sasmita Inne Suherna , Hidayat Syarief
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Teeth injury is a pathological changes in dental hard tissues of the teeth with or without accompanied by damage to surrounding tissue. There are various kinds of trauma to the teeth, one of them is crown fractures. Primary anterior teeth crown fractures is common in children. The aim was to obtain the prevalence of primary anterior teeth crown fractures. Methods: The research was a descriptive study with survey technique. The samples were chosen by cluster random sampling technique. The samples were 315 children who enroll in Early Childhood Education Institution in Cimahi consisting of 139 boys and 176 girls. The prevalence was counted by dividing the numbers of Early Childhood Education students who suffered from crown fracutres with the total numbers of Early Childhood Education students at Cimahi and multiply by a hundred percent. Result: Prevalence of primary anterior teeth crown fractures in Early Childhood Education students in Cimahi is 5.1%. Conclusion: Prevalence of primary anterior teeth crown fractures in Early Childhood Education students in Cimahi is less than a quarter of the total samples.
Prevalence of delayed first permanent molar eruption among children 7 to 9 years old
Authors: Hamsin Noor Hamiza Hani , Indriyanti Ratna , Musnamirwan Iwan Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Eruption is the moment of tooth emergence into the oral cavity. The emergence of the first permanent molar was followed by shedding of the deciduous incisors and as for permanent incisors eruption; it was taken as a point where the transition from primary dentition to permanent dentition begins with. The aim of this research is to determine the prevalence of delayed first permanent molar tooth eruption that occur among the children from 7 to 9 years old in Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN) Cisitu 1, SDN Coblong 4 and SDN Sekeloa 1. Methods: The method of choosing sample was simple random sampling. Out of 547 children from three Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN), only 71 children were selected randomly according to their ages, 7 to 9 years old. The method of this research was descriptive with surveying method. A clinical examination was done to determine the tooth eruption and data information was taken. Results: Out of 547 children from SDN Sekeloa 1, SDN Cisitu 1 and SDN Coblong 4 only 71 children were selected to take part in this research. They were randomly selected according to their age from 7 to 9 years old from each school Conclusion: This research shows that the delayed first permanent molar eruption among children in these samples of population were rarely happen.
Wrinkle lip pattern in smokers and non-smokers for identification in forensic dentistry
Authors: Harqad Teuku Muhammad , Dardjan Murnisari , Hardjadinata Ine Suhartina
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Lip prints can be used as one of support for identification Because it has a pattern or lip wrinkles that never the same (unique) in each individual. Smoking has become a common habit and widespread in the community. Prolonged heat stimuli from smoking can cause changes in the lip wrinkles. Methods: This descriptive study found the description of lip print patterns on smokers and non-smokers. Samples Obtained as many as 30 people chosen by Certain criteria. Direct observation was made through some white cardboard that had been printed of lip prints and divided into four quadrants. Each quadrant was observed with a magnifying glass and count the number of lip wrinkles. Results: The number of lip wrinkles on each quadrant and been jotted in a table. The result is varied in the number of lip wrinkles in each quadrant between the smokers and non-smokers. Conclusion: The lip prints pattern of smokers showed a result of 12 to 17 pieces of wrinkles, and the lip prints pattern of non-smokers have 8 to 12 lines of wrinkles.
A retrospective study of the prevalence of herpes simplex virus and herpes zoster virus infection
Authors: Radzuan Maryam , Sufiawati Irna , Sandiono Dendi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and herpes zoster virus (HZV) are two members of the herpes virus family that can manifest in oral mucosa. Following primary infection, the viruses remain latent and may reactivate if the immune system becomes compromised. The purpose of this study was to know the prevalence and the site of manifestation of HSV and HZV infection in RSUP Hasan Sadikin Bandung from January 2007 until December 2011. Method: The method of this study was descriptive retrospective using secondary data and literature study. Data were taken from medical records of patients in RSUP Hasan Sadikin Bandung, from January 2007 until December 2011. The results were then presented in table and graphs. Result: The study’s result showed the prevalence of HSV infection from 2007-2011 was 6% while the prevalence of HZV infection was 46%. HSV and HZV infection occurred 41% at head and neck, 36% at trunk, 13% at extremities, 7% generalized, and 3% unspecified. The systemic diseases involved in these herpes viruses found in 20.3% patients. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study were the prevalence of HSV infection was low, while the prevalence of HZV infection was high. HSV infection frequently affected at head and neck, and HZV infection frequently affected the trunk. Systemic diseases involved in these herpes viruses were malignancies, neoplasm, internal organ disorders, skin diseases, blood disorder, and nerve disorder.
Effective therapeutic communication knowledge of professional dental program students
Authors: Sari Meity Karina , Yubiliana Gilang , Suryanti Netty
Published: May 2020

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) declared the ultimate goal of medical education is to produce the five-star doctor, that doctor as a care provider, decision maker, manager, community leader, and communicator. Effective therapeutic communication can be learned and trained mainly on the professional program students. The purpose of this research was to obtain the data and information about effective therapeutic knowledge of professional communication dental program students. Methods: This research was a descriptive research with survey techniques. The sampling methods was simple random sampling from the questionnaire on 132 respondents. Results: The results of this research from the questionnaire shows the average level of effective therapeutic communication professional knowledge at student’s program in Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran is 85%, 56% and classified as good level. Conclusion: Effective therapeutic knowledge of professional communication dental program students relatively good.
DMF-T index and performed treatment index of patients in Conservative Dentistry Installation
Authors: Nurrahim Muhammad Adri , Sukartini Endang , Hayati Ayu Trisna
Published: May 2020

Introduction: DMF-T index is an important indicator to assess oral health status of the population. DMF-T index is a number that indicates the average total number of permanent teeth affected by caries, missing or should be extraction because of caries, or have been restorated on each tooth and not each surface. DMF-T index being a reference of the Performed Treatment Index (PTI) which is the sum percentage of restored teeth or without caries in the population. The purpose of this study is to determine DMF-T index and performed treatment index of the patient in Dental Conservation Installation.Methods: This research used the descriptive with survey techniques. Sampling was conducted with a total sampling. The DMF-T index and PTI of Patients in Dental Conservative Installation on July – September 2011. The data obtained through clinical examination of 561 respondents. Results: The DMF-T index patients in Dental Conservative Installation is 5.824 while the PTI is 1.51%. Conclusion: DMF-T index of patients in Dental Conservative Installation period July - September 2011 in the high category and PTI Patients In Dental Conservative Installation Oral and Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran period July - September 2011 in the low category.
Plaque index of 7-year-old children at Coblong Public Elementary School (SDN) 1, 2, 3, 6 and Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School
Authors: Fajri Wulan Desika , Setiawan Asty Samiaty , Suryanti Netty
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Caries is the main oral cavity problem in children. One of the factors causing caries is dental plaque. The purpose of this research is to know the plaque index of 7-year-old children at Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 and Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School Bandung City in the year 2011. Method: The type of research is descriptive research with survey method. A total of 143 samples at Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 and 112 samples at Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School were obtained based on total sampling technique. Result: This research shows that the average plaque index of children age 7 years at Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 Bandung City in the year 2011 amounted to 1.37 and children age 7 years at Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School Bandung City in the year 2011 amounted to 0.74. Conclusions: Children aged 7 years in Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 and Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School Bandung City in 2011 has fair criteria of plaque index.
Radiation protection in Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation
Authors: Redzuan Lee Mohammad Adib , Oscandar Fahmi , Firman Ria Noerianingsih
Published: May 2020

Introduction: ICRP produces recommendations for radiation protection concerning among them, patient, personnel and surrounding. The supervision for radiation protection in Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation RSGM-UNPAD and PP-UM must be as according to the national regulations. The purpose of study is how is the radiation protection and PP-UM, and what factors that influence radiation protection. Methods: Descriptive of qualitative research method with questionnaire technique with observational and interview survey, done to describe radiation protection with ALARA principle, taken in both Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation of RSGM-UNPAD and PP-UM. Result: Although few criteria like, lead apron lead protective glove, gonad lead barrier for personnel or operator, and, pass box and film storage for surrounding, radiation protection were not met by both installations, thyroid collar for patient radiation protection was met in PP-UM while not in RSGM-UNPAD. Conclusion: Radiation protection in Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation of RSGM-UNPAD have the advantage of systematic and central way of enforcement of regulation, and the weakness of its standard of radiation protection was not comprehensive, while PP-UM have the advantage of high supervision and adequate of instruments for patient radiation protection, and the weakness of its standard of radiation protection was not comprehensive. Factors influence the result were due to unavailable of SOP, insufficient of funds, inadequate of instruments, low supervision, and difficulty in bureaucracy approval.
Antibacterial activity testing of ethanolic extract of aloe vera leaf and gel against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Pratiwi Tias Eka , Dewi Warta , Prijono Eddy
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The interest on Aloe vera based herbal products is fast growing during recent years, particularly in medication regarding their antibacterial properties which had a lot of active components such as saponin and anthraquinone. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as one of the most important human pathogens causing nosocomial infections and became the first priority as a consequence of their resistancy. The purpose of this study is to determine the minimum levels of ethanol extract of leaves and Aloe Vera gel that can inhibit MRSA and find out whether there are differences in antibacterial power between of ethanol extract of leaves and Aloe Vera gel. Methods: Ten isolates of MRSA were investigated for their sensitivity to Aloe vera leaf and gel extract using the serial dilution method by doing two times repetition and statistically analyzed according to t-test method. Result: The result shows that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Aloe vera leaf and gel extract each located at a concentration of 25% and 12,5%. There is a significant difference in antibacterial power between the ethanol extract of leaves and Aloe Vera gel in inhibiting MRSA with MIC values of 25% and 12.5% Conclusion: There was a difference between Aloe vera leaf and gel extract antibacterial activity, where the gel extract is more effective than leaf extract.
The association between parental socio-economic level and dental caries in 12-year-old children
Authors: Heriasti Maudina Dwi , Susilawati Sri , Suwargiani Anne Agustina
Published: May 2020

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The difference in the measurement of freeway space in an upright sitting position with and without electromyograph
Authors: Halim Stevani Monika , Sumarsongko Taufik , Adenan Aprilia
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Measurement of vertical dimension is very important because improper measurement of vertical dimension may create stomatognatic problem. Electromyography is a tool for recording electrical signals generated from the mechanism of muscle contraction.This study aims to determine the accuracy of measurements of FWS with and without electromyograph.  Methods: This research was a descriptive comparative study using purposive sampling methods. Measurements of FWS in an upright sitting position with and without electromyograph were done on 10 students of class 2008 from Faculty of Dentistry, UNPAD who met the criteria. Data were analyzed by t test statistics, showed that there were significant differences in the measurements with and without electromyography in upright sitting position. Results: The mean of FWS measured with electromyography was 2.38 mm with standard deviation of 0.44 mm, whereas the mean of FWS measured without electromyography was 1.69 mm with a standard deviation of 0.46 mm. Average FWS in men measured with electromyography was 2.51 mm with a standard deviation of 0.15 mm, whereas the mean without electromyography was 1.68 mm with a standard deviation of 0.43 mm. Average FWS in women measured with electromyography was 2.35 mm with a standard deviation of 0.49 mm, whereas the mean without electromyography was 1.69 mm with a standard deviation of 0.50 mm. Conclusion: The measurements of FWS with electromyograph in an upright seating position was greater than without electromyography.
Antibacterial efficacy of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) flower extract against Streptococcus sanguis
Authors: Nafisa Durotun , Dewi Warta , Rachmawati Emma
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Rosella is well known as health drink that contains anti bacterial compounds. The purpose of this research is to examine the anti bacterial potential of rosella calyx ethanol extract towards Streptococcus sanguis. Methods: Streptococcus sanguis was obtained from students’ saliva in the clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran. It was cultured in blood agar and incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 37°C in a facultative anaerobic environment. Streptococcus sanguis was isolated based on the characteristics of the colonies formed, Gram staining, inulin and rafinose fermentation tests. The anti bacterial test was performed using agar diffusion method (Kirby Bauer Method) by making agar holes in the agar and filling them with rosella extract with concentrations at 0.20 g/ml, 0.10 g/ml, 0.05 g/ml and 0.025 g/ml. Results: The results of this research show that there was anti bacterial activity from the ethanol extract of rosella calyx with the inhibition zones of 19.85 mm, 12.05 mm, 8.45 mm and 3.65 mm under rosellas’s extract’s concentration of at 0.20 g/ml, 0.10 g/ml, 0.05 g/ml and 0.025 g/ml respectively. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is rosella calyx ethanol extract has the greatest anti bacterial activity at concentration 0.20 g/ml.
Oral health knowledge of elementary students
Authors: Yvatrani Indah Dewi , Setiawan Asty Samiaty , Sutardjo Dede
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Dental treatment is considered not very important, but the benefits are vital in supporting health and appearance. Oral health knowledge affects a person’s behavior of maintaining oral hygiene. Efforts to oral health care should be done at early age. The purpose of this study was to determine oral health knowledge of students in grade 5 and 6 of Sekeloa 1 and 2 Elementary School Bandung. Methods: This study was a descriptive study with survey method. The method used in sampling was total sampling with a sample size of 158 students in grade 5 and 6 in Sekeloa 1 and 2 Elementary School Bandung. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to the objects. Results: Oral health knowledge of student’s in grade 5 and 6 in Sekeloa 1 and 2 Elemantary School Bandung are in 38 respondents (24.1%) with good category; 85 respondents (53,8%) with moderate category; and 35 respondents (22.2%) with less category. Conclusion: Oral health knowledge of 5 and 6 grades of Sekeloa 1 and 2 Elementary School Bandung was moderate.
Distribution of oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics
Authors: Jelita Dinda Tegar , Riawan Lucky , Hambali Herman
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Carcinoma is a highly malignant tumour of epithelium that occurred in the oral cavity. One of the most common therapies given is radiotherapy, with healing, adjuvant, and palliative intentions. This research was aimed to discover the distribution of oral carcinoma requiring radiotherapy. Methods: This study was a retrospective, descriptive method. Samples were taken from the medical record of patients with oral cavity carcinoma requiring radiotherapy at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, of January 2006–December 2010. Results: This study indicated that as many as 23 (20.9%) cases of oral carcinoma requiring radiotherapy from a total of 110 oral carcinoma cases in that period. Type of radiotherapy most frequently found was adjuvant radiotherapy, by 14 (60.8%) cases. The most frequent type of oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy was squamous cell carcinoma, by 12 (52.1%) cases. Tongue become the most common area of oral carcinoma requiring radiotherapy, by 7 (30.4%) cases. Oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy was most frequently found in men by 14 (60.8%) cases. The age group of 41-50 was become the majority by 7 (30.4%) cases from all of the oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy. Conclusion: Distribution of oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of Hasan Sadikin Hospital is found in as many as 23 (20.9%) cases. Most frequent radiotherapy given is adjuvant radiotherapy (14 (60.8%) cases). The most frequent type of oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy is squamous cell carcinoma (12 (52.1%) cases). The most common area of oral carcinoma requiring radiotherapy is tongue (7 (30.4%) cases). Oral carcinoma case requiring radiotherapy was most frequently found in men (14 (60.8%) cases). The age group of 41-50 is the majority age suffered from disease (7 (30.4%) cases).
Physical manifestations of violence on children in the teeth, jaw, and facial areas in odontology forensic
Authors: Wulandari Ajeng , Riyanti Eriska , Oscandar Fahmi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Child abuse often occurs among children and leaves a negative impact on the rest of their life. The purpose of this study was to determine the significance of the manifestation of violence on the teeth, jaw, and facial from the view of odontology forensic. Methods: This study was descriptive research. Forty subjects were involved, which were taken using the purposive sampling method. Data obtained in the form of questionnaires and presented in tabular form. Results: The result has shown that 20.32% of the subjects had oral injuries. 20.32% of the subjects had oral bleeding, followed by bleeding gums, tooth bleeding, tooth mobility, tooth fractures, swollen gum, and swollen lips—injuries to the facial area including laceration, incision and burns. The highest incidence was 70.59% of facial injuries involving the middle third of the face, followed by the upper third, and then lower third of the face. Conclusion: The most manifestation of violence among the child abuse case involved are observed in dental and facial areas.
Characteristic patients with oral mucositis receiving 5-FU chemotherapy at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung
Authors: Fatimah Syarifah , Sufiawati Irna , Wijaya Indra
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Oral mucositis is an inflammatory reaction of oral mucous membrane that often appears in cancer patients due to the chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The aim of this study was to describe the characteristic patients who receive 5-FU and had oral mucositis. Methods: This study was conducted on 41 patients with cancer receiving 5-FU chemotherapy at Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. The data was retrieved through interviews to find out patient’s characteristic; nutritional status examination by using body mass index measurement; and oral examination. Severity level was determined by using National Cancer Institute’s Common Toxicity Criteria scale, and the level of pain was measured by Numeric Pain Intensity Rating scale. Results: This research have shown 60,98% patient with cancer had received 5-FU chemotherapy treatment, and 44% with poor nutritional status (underweight). Oral mucositis was only found at non-keratinised mucous. The finding of this study was patients that receiving 5-FU chemotherapy treatment diagnosed with oral mucositis was on the 1st stadium (52%) and the 2nd stadium (44%) with the level of pain was on the mild level (48%) and moderate level (32%).Conclusion: Oral mucositis was found on patients with cancer that received 5-FU chemotherapy with a variety of characteristics, nutritional statuses, locations, levels of severity and pain.
Prevalence of maxillary and mandibular physiological space in the primary dentition
Authors: Megan Felisia Flaviana , Andiesta Niekla Survia , Indriyanti Ratna , Setiawan Arlette Suzy Puspa Pertiwi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Physiological space is the space between maxillary and mandibular primary central incisors as well as maxillary and mandibular primary lateral incisors that occur during primary dentition period. The absence of physiological space will lead the crowded of permanent dentition due to discrepancy of the size of tooth and jaw. The objective of this study was to evaluate and analyse the prevalence of physiological space of maxillary and mandibular during primary dentition period. Methods: The type of research was a descriptive survey technique. The study was conducted at the Early Childhood Education (PAUD) in Bandung City throughout January-March 2017. The study population was children aged 3-5 years. Multistage cluster sampling used to choose subjects based on the division of the area from the city area to obtain the desired population. The data used were primary data obtained by examining the existence of a gap with a gap width indicator that is used as a benchmark of at least 0.5 mm with the help of WHO probe tool. Data were collected, processed and analysed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20. Results: A total of 65 out of 97 subjects had physiological space in their first dentition period. From 97 study subjects (100%) examined, 44 children (45.36%) had maxillary physiological space, and 53 children (54.64%) did not have maxillary physiological space. In 97 research subjects (100%) there were also 48 children (49.48%) having physiological space in the lower jaw, and 49 children (50.52%) did not have physiological space in the lower jaw. Conclusion: Prevalence of the maxillary and mandibular physiological space in the primary dentition period of children in the city of Bandung are 67.01%.
Relationship between protein deficiency accompanied by low body mass index with the head shape and face type of 6-7 years old children
Authors: Gunawan Idelia , Andiesta Niekla Survia , Gartika Meirina , Primarti Risti Saptarini
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Environmental factors such as socio-economic and nutrients factor can affect the dimensions and proportions of the body. Nutritional intake has a long-term effect on physical growth and can be assessed through body mass index up to age. Children with a nutritional disorder are characterised with low body mass index. This study was aimed to analyse the relationship of protein deficiency and low body mass index on the head shape and facial type of 6-7 years old children. Methods: The research type was descriptive correlative, and the research was conducted towards 16 subjects with low body mass index. Protein deficiency was assessed from food intake for 3 x 24 hours through food recall method and interview. The measurement of the cephalic and facial index was carried out to find out the head shape and face type, and then to correlate with protein deficiency and body mass index. Data was analysed using the chi-square test with the significance (p-value)<0.05. Results: There was a significant correlation between protein deficiency and low body mass index with the head shape (p-value=0.007), and the facial type of 6-7 years old children (p-value=0.027). There was a significant correlation between head shape with facial type in protein-deficient children with low body mass index (p-value=0). Conclusion: Protein deficiency accompanied by low body mass index influences the head shape and facial type of children.
Oral hygiene status of depressed patients
Authors: Permatasari Putri , Yubiliana Gilang , Iskandarsyah Aulia
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Oral hygiene is one of the most critical factor in maintaining oral health. Depression symptoms may affect an individual’s oral health due to poor health behaviour, making depressed individuals prone to oral diseases such as caries and periodontal diseases. This study was aimed to obtain the oral hygiene status overview of depressed patients in West Java Psychiatric Hospital. Methods: This study was an observational descriptive with a cross-sectional approach to depressed patients (F.32 ICD Code). The measuring instrument used was Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). Based on OHI-S, oral hygiene can be assessed into poor within 3.0 – 6.0 score point, fair within 1.3-3.0 score point, or good within 0.0 – 1.2 score point. Results: There were 30 respondents recruited using a purposive sampling method. Based on the plaque index, 1 respondent (3%) fell into good category, 23 respondents (77%) fell into the fair category, and 6 respondents (20%) fell into poor category. Based on the calculus index, 7 respondents (23%) fell into good category, 10 respondents (60%) fell into the fair category, and 5 respondents (17%) fell into poor category. Based on OHI-S, 2 respondents (7%) fell into the good category, 18 respondents (60%) fell into the fair category, and 10 respondents (33%) fell into poor category. Conclusion: Oral hygiene in-dex of depressed patients was categorised as fair.