bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSPECTS TO EXPAND THE PRODUCTS RANGE FROM SEA BUCKTHORN FRUIT
Authors: Smol'nikova Yana , Sharoglazova Lidia , Velichko Nadezhda , Druzhechkova Elena
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to develop proposals for expanding the range in the processing of sea buckthorn berries. Tasks: obtain juice, juice concentrate, determine their physical and chemical characterristics; develop a formulation for Sea buckthorn mashed with sugar. The paper presents the physical and chemical parameters of juice from wild fruits of sea buckthorn. The object of research was the fruits of wild-growing sea buckthorn, collected during the period of technological maturity in the territory of the Tomsk Region. Sea buckthorn fruits corresponded to GOST 33823-2016. Methods according to GOST 32102-2013 were used to determine the physicochemical parameters of sea buckthorn juice, concentrate. “Canned food. Juice products. Juices”. The yield of seeds and pulp from sea buckthorn berry pomace was determined. It has been established that bones (seeds) make up the majority of sea buckthorn berry pomace, they account for 66.58 %. The oil yield was determined by direct pressing on a press, which was 6 %. To obtain a concentrate, juice from sea buckthorn fruits was subjected to vacuum distillation under the following conditions: temperature – 50 °C, vacuum – 12 kPa. The yield of sea buckthorn juice concentrate was 35–25 % depending on the degree of concentration. Physical and chemical parameters of sea buckthorn juice concentrate have been established. As a result of obtaining a concentrate from sea buckthorn juice by vacuum evaporation, a distillate was obtained, the yield of which was 35 %. According to organoleptic characteristics, it is a colorless liquid with a rich aroma of sea buckthorn berries. Physical and chemical parameters of sea buckthorn juice distillate were determined. On the basis of sea buckthorn juice, 4 variants of the recipe for mashed sea buckthorn with sugar have been developed.
VARIETY STUDY OF PERSPECTIVE INTRODUCED GRAPE MEGRABUJR UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER DON REGION
Authors: Ganich Valentina , Naumova Lyudmila , Matveeva Natal'ya
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to study the agrobiological and uvological indicators of the introduced grape variety Megrabujr in the conditions of the Lower Don Region. In 2011–2021 a comprehensive study of the Armenian grape variety Megrabujr was carried out to determine its adaptive, economic and technological potential. The variety was studied in covering and non-covering crops (grafted on the rootstock Kober 5 BB). The weather conditions during the research period were quite contrasting, which made it possible to obtain objective information about the biology of the variety, which has high winter hardiness. In February 2012, the average daily air temperature was minus 9.8 °C (average long-term minus 4.3 °C), against this background, the safety of buds in uncovered culture was 93.5 %, and in 2014 (with an absolute minimum air temperature of minus 24.6 °C) the safety of the eyes was 96.7 %. in covering culture – from 0.6 to 1.3. The variety has high rates of average bunch weight, is distinguished by stable yield and crop quality. In the uncovered crop, the average weight of a bunch was from 233 to 542 g, in the covered crop, from 230 g to 523 g. A higher yield (222 centners per hectare) was noted in non-covering crops, while in covering crops it was 168 centners per hectare.Three types of wines were made from the 2020 vintage – dry rosé, liqueur rosé and liqueur red, in other years – dry red wines. Tasting scores for dry wines were at the level of 8.6 points, for liqueurs – 8.7 points. The wines were distinguished by harmonious taste with floral and berry-fruit aromas. The organoleptic characteristics and tasting assessments confirmed the feasibility of using this variety for making high-quality dry and liqueur wines, and high biological and production indica-tors make it possible to obtain stable high yields of good quality grapes in the conditions of the Lower Don Region.
LENTIL FLOUR APPLICATION TO IMPROVE SCALDING QUALITY INDICATORS
Authors: Tipsina Nellya , Beloshapkin Maksim , Grechishnikova Nadezhda , Demidov Evgeniy
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop a technology to prepare scalding with the addition of raw materials from lentils to improve quality. Objectives: to scientifically substantiate the choice of lentils for use in scalding, develop technology and determine the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the semi-finished product. The objects of research are lentils, lentil flour, scalding. Lentil flour is obtained by fine crushing on a hammer mill, scalding from lentils are pre-soaked in water at a ratio of 1:2. Physical and chemical indicators of lentil flour are within the normal range, flour moisture content is 14 %, grinding size is 60 %, metal-magnetic impurities are 1.1 mg/kg, pest infestation is absent. Lentil is the most important source of a complex of biologically active substances, has a multifunctional chemical composition. In terms of protein content, lentils exceed peas and beans by 2.6 and 6.1 %, respectively, and their digestibility by the body is higher than other legumes. The fatty acid composition is represented by oleic (16.24 %), linolenic (36.75 %) acids. One of the ways to increase the biological value of proteins is its sprouting. The protein content in lentils is 32.3 %, the carbohydrate content is 17.2 %. Preparation of scalding using lentil flour allows you to speed up the fermentation of the dough and slow down the staleness of the finished product in the future. In terms of organoleptic characteristics, scalding using lentils fully comply with the requirements for scalding, have a brown color, taste corresponds to lentils without a bitter aftertaste. The consistency is thick without inclusions, there are no foreign odors. The moisture content of the obtained semi-finished product from lentil flour is 82%, which is within the norm.
RESISTANCE OF POTENTIAL AMYLASE PRODUCERS ALTERNARIA TENUISSIMA AND GEOMYCES PANNORUM TO LYOPHILIZATION
Authors: Ovsyankina Sofya , Khizhnyak Sergey , Abolenceva Polina , Smol'nikova Yana , Oleynikova Elena
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to test the possibility of lyophilization of Alternaria tenuissima and Geomyces pannorum strains isolated by the authors as potential amylase producers for the food industry. The conidia of the studied strains were suspended in protective media and lyophilized using a Bio-Rus-4SFD lyophilizer. Three protective media were used: standard gelatin-sucrose agar (sucrose 10 %, gelatin 1.5 %, agar 0.01 %) recommended by the All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms; gelatin-sucrose agar with the addition of 1 % ascorbic acid as an antioxidant; peptone-sucrose-glycerol mixture developed by the authors (distilled water 90 ml, glycerol 10 ml, sucrose 10 g, peptone 3.2 g). Conidia suspended in distilled water without lyoprotectors served as controls. The viability of lyophilized conidia was assessed by their ability to germinate on an agar culture medium. The survival rate of G. pannorum conidia during lyophilization in all variants, except for the control, was statistically significantly (p<0.001) higher than the survival rate of A. tenuissima conidia. The viability of lyophilized A. tenuissima conidia did not depend on the use of protective media and amounted to 75.9 % in the control variant, 76.4 % in the variant with gelatin-sucrose agar, and 77.1 % in the variant with peptone-sucrose-glycerol mixture. The viability of lyophilized G. pannorum conidia without the use of protective media was 82.0 %, in the variant with gelatin-sucrose agar 95.3 %, in the variant with peptone-sucrose-glycerol mixture 88.1 %. The addition of ascorbic acid as an antioxidant to the protective medium led to a statistically significant (p<0.001) decrease in the proportion of A. tenuissima conidia surviving during lyophilization to 7.2 %, and the proportion of G. pannorum conidia surviving to 44.4 %.
CONCENTRATED EXTRUDED FEED APPLICATION IN FEEDING MARALS
Authors: Kozina Elena , Vladimtseva Tat'yana
Published: December 2024

The purpose of reseaech is to study the use of concentrated extruded feed in the feeding of marals. Tasks: to study the feeding rations of marals; to study the dynamics of growth and maturation of antlers; to determine the economic efficiency of the use of concentrated extruded feed in the feeding of marals. Scientific and practical research was carried out in the Mana District of the Krasnoyarsk Region. Two groups of marals were formed, 5 heads each. in each. In the control group, the animals were fed the main diet, consisting of meadow hay, cereal-bean haylage and a grain mixture of wheat (30 %) and oat mash (70 %), in the experimental group, extruded concentrated wheat feed (49 %) was used instead of mash. oats (49 %) and chalk (2 %). In the experimental group, the animals' appetite improved on the 8th day, the feed intake increased by 8 %. In the experimental group, compared to the control group, the velvet antlers ripened 29 days earlier; the weight of the antlers was higher by 980 g; the girth of the right horn is 1.3 cm larger, that of the left horn is 1.2 cm larger. In the control group, per 1 head, the total cost is lower than in the experimental group by 35.36 %. The cost of 1 kg of antlers in the experimental group is lower by 427.45 rubles. (13.2 %), and the level of profitability is higher by 18.5 % than in the control – 40.1 %. It is recommended to use extruded concentrated feed in the amount of 1.3–1.8 kg/head in feeding deer per day.
BEET PULP AS A POSSIBLE SOURCE OF INHIBITORY SUBSTANCES OF THE HUMAN FOOD CHAIN
Authors: Novikova Alla
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to study the possibility of inhibitory substances entering the human food chain. Objectives: to analyze the fungicides used at the stage of storage of marketable sugar beet roots; determine the presence of inhibitory components in the fungicides used; suggest ways to prevent the ingress of inhibitory substances into processed products of beet sugar production. The object of research is the technology of beet sugar production, in particular the technology of production of beet pulp. Beet pulp production technology was analyzed as a possible source of inhibitory substances from the moment the main raw material – sugar beet – from the field to the production site arrived. The results of the analysis of modern methods of storing sugar beet piles used on an industrial scale, which are based on the use of fungicidal drugs, most of them are synthesized on the basis of chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid and benzoic acid, are presented. These antiseptic preparations are classified as inhibitory substances, which does not exclude their entry into sugar beet processing products. The ways of penetration of inhibitory substances into sugar beet root crops were revealed – forced ventilation with antiseptic gases, the use of covering materials treated with fungicidal preparations, spraying of clamps with chemical solutions. As a result, the stage storage and acceptance of raw materials for processing was identified, which does not imply additional monitoring of the safety indicators of root crops, since the analysis of these indicators is carried out either before harvesting or immediately after the formation of piles, which eliminates the control of the content of the residual content of inhibitory substances in raw materials. Control points for the introduction of inhibitory substances and analysis of their content at the stage of control of input raw materials at the plant are proposed, which will reduce the impact of inhibitory substances on the food chain of the human diet.
IMPACT OF CULTIVATION MINIMIZATION ON SOIL HARDNESS AND SPRING WHEAT YIELD IN THE OPEN PART OF THE KRASNOYARSK REGION FOREST-STEPPE
Authors: Romanov V. , Cuglenok Nikolay , Efimov Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to increase the productivity of arable land by improving the technology of cultivating spring wheat. Objectives: to evaluate the effect of plowing, minimum tillage with a disc implement and direct sowing with a stubble seeder on soil moisture dynamics, nutritional regime and spring wheat yield; to substantiate the effectiveness of energy-saving soil cultivation technology using a new vertical pin cultivator. The object of study is soil cultivation techniques in the forest-steppe zone of the temperate climatic zone of the Russian Federation in the Yemelyano District of the Krasnoyarsk Region. Geographical coordinates of the field station: 56°03' N, and 92°42' E. The method is field experience. A new technology for the cultivation of spring wheat is proposed. In the open part of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe on ordinary chernozem, an assessment of the effectiveness of the influence of traditional, minimal tillage and direct sowing on the level of spring wheat yield was made. It was revealed that the minimization of tillage and direct sowing contribute to the preservation of available moisture for sowing and the increased content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium in the soil in the middle of the growing season. It is noted that the use of resource-saving processing technologies significantly reduces production costs based on the assessment of the impact of traditional, minimal tillage and direct sowing on the agrophysical state of the soil and wheat productivity in the grain-fallow crop rotation. A vertical pin ripper was developed for tillage in autumn or spring before sowing a crop. Surface treatment with a completely new rotary unit after the application of mineral and organic fertilizers will help improve the efficiency of agricultural production. Two patents have been obtained for the technology of vertical pin tillage, concerning the method of processing and the device of the unit, which have significant differences from traditional loosening tools both in approaches to the loosening method and in design solutions.
STUDYING ANTHOCYANINS IN POTATO TUBERS (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE PRIMORSKY REGION
Authors: Kim Irina , Klykov Alexey
Published: December 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a source of antioxidants. Important antioxidants are substances of phenolic nature (anthocyanins) from a large group of plant pigments. Anthocyanins belong to the class of flavonoids and are synthesized in the peel and pulp of potato tubers. Pigmented potatoes can serve as a potential source of natural anthocyanins in order to obtain dietary foods, 40 potato varieties from the bioresource collection and breeding nurseries. Identification of anthocyanins was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and second-order mass spectrometry. As a result of second-order mass spectrometry, seven different anthocyanins were detected in tubers: delphinidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-rhamnosyl-5-glucoside, petunidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rhamnosyl-5-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside.Petunidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside give the peel a purple and blue-violet color, pelargonidin-3-glucoside – pink and red. The genotypes that are sources of an increased content of anthocyanins have been identified: with pink skin – Kuznechanka (92.2 mg/kg), Pri-15-7-16 (87.4 mg/kg), Pri-15-41-8 (85.1 mg/kg); red peel – Mayak (108.7 mg/kg), Romanze – (57.6 mg/kg); purple skin – Gypsy Laura (115.4 mg/kg), Black Prince (183.1 mg/kg), Cornflower (195.0 mg/kg), Pri-15-12-14 (137.7 mg/kg) , At-14-52-2 (223.3 mg/kg); blue-violet skin – Violet (204.0 mg/kg). The selected group of variety samples is recommended for use in dietary nutrition and in targeted breeding crosses. Promising potato hybrids with a high content of anthocyanins were obtained: Pri-15-12-23 Purple potato × Manifest (in the skin – 292.6 mg/kg, pulp – 144.7 mg/kg), Pri-15-15-5 (Aspiya × Qusto) × Manifesto (107.4 and 4.0 mg/kg, respectively), Pri-15-15-7 (Aspia × Qusto) × Manifesto (73.6 and 1.6 mg/kg).
INTERBREED DIFFERENCES IN THE CONTENT AND VARIABILITY OF CHOLESTEROL IN CATTLE OF SIBERIA
Authors: Sebezhko Ol'ga , Korotkevich Olga , Petuhov Valeriy , Sebezhko Alena , Marenkov Vladimir , Zheltikov Aleksandr , Konovalova Tatyana , Osinceva Lyubov'
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study was to assess interbreed differences in the content and variability of the level of total cholesterol in the blood serum of cattle bred in Siberia. The level of cholesterol in cows of the 2nd–3rd lactation of the Holstein, Red Steppe and Kholmogory breeds bred in the Novosibirsk and Kemerovo Regions and in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was studied. Cholesterol concentration was determined by enzymatic colorimetric method. Data were pre-evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test and QQ-Plots. The Kruskal-Wallace test was used to establish differences between unrelated groups. For multiple comparison, Dunn's posterior test with Holm's correction was used. η2 was used as a test to assess the magnitude of the effect. According to the concentration of total cholesterol in the blood serum, the ranked series of breeds is as follows: Holstein → Red Steppe → Kholmogory, the medians were 5.25, 4.1 and 2.89 mmol/l, respectively. Interbreed differences in cholesterol content among animals of the studied breeds were established (H = 15.83, df = 2, p = 0.0003644). The observed effect size η2 was 0.19, which reflects a rather large difference between the means and indicates the contribution of the breed factor to the hereditary component of the cholesterol level in cattle. The revealed interbreed differences are manifested in a lower content of total cholesterol in cows of the Kholmogory breed in comparison with animals of the red steppe (Z = 3.83, df = 2, p = 0.0001306) and Holstein (Z = 3.83, df = 2, p = 0.0001306) breeds.
CALCULATION OF THE ARSENIC, LEAD AND CADMIUM ACCUMULATION COEFFICIENTS BY ABOVEGROUND AND UNDERGROUND PAEONIA ORGANS
Authors: Denisova Svetlana , Reut Antonina
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is a comparative analysis of the accumulation coefficients of arsenic, lead and cadmium in the above-ground (flower, leaf, stem) and underground (root) organs of species and varieties of the genus Paeonia L. in a settlement (the Ufa City). We studied seven peony taxa introduced into the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (P. peregrina Mill., P. lactifloraPall., P. lactiflora f. rosea, P. delavayiFranch., P. × hybrida Appassionata, Mustai Karim, Jeanned'Arc). The elemental composition of plant samples was carried out by atomic spectroscopy. The data obtained were processed using the methods of variation statistics and using the AgCStat program. It was revealed that the content of chemical elements in plant raw materials varies sufficiently depending on the organ of the introduced species. The calculation of the accumulation coefficient revealed that varieties and species of the genus Paeonia most actively absorbed lead, compared with arsenic and cadmium. leaves and roots; cadmium > lead > arsenic – for stems. The main depositing organ for lead and arsenic in most of the studied samples are leaves, for cadmium – stems. The accumulation coefficient of arsenic in some representatives of the genus Paeonia is on average 0.82; lead – 1.8; cadmium – 1.2. Thus, it was revealed that the introduced plants in the conditions of the Bashkir Cis-Urals absorb arsenic without barriers; lead and cadmium are characterized by a barrier type of absorption.
CHANGES IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SPRING WHEAT STRAWWHEN USING THE ROSTOK HUMIC PREPARATION IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE TRANS-URALS
Authors: Ahtyamova Anastasiya , Eremin Dmitriy
Published: December 2024

The aim of research is to study the effect of the humic preparation Rostok on the chemical composition of spring wheat straw in the forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. The studies were carried out in the field in the northern forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals from 2013 to 2016 on arable leached chernozem. The experiment included the treatment of crushed straw with the Rostok humic preparation, followed by its distribution on the soil surface and at a depth of 10, 20, 30 cm, simulating the distribution of plant residues in the arable layer. The exposure period was 12 months. It was established that the treatment of straw with the humic preparation Rostok reduces unproductive losses of nitrogen and promotes the release of phosphorus and potassium from the straw. For 12 months of exposure the nitrogen content in the straw treated with water and located on the soil surface (control) decreased by 2.8 times relative to the initial values and reached 0.25 ± 0.05 %. The nitrogen content in the straw treated with the Rostok humic preparation reached 0.41 ± 0.14 %, which is 1.6 times more than the control. By the end of the exposure period, the C:N value in the straw treated with a humic preparation and located on the soil surface was 108 ± 11 units, which is 1.6 times less than the control. Values of nitrogen content in plowed plant residues after 12 months of exposure of the two variants overlapped each other (control 0.66 ± 0.08 %, Rostock 0.73 ± 0.12 %). This trend was also observed in the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (control 72 ± 16 %, Rostock 60 ± 4 %). The nitrogen content in the straw depends on 31 % of localization and 20 % on the humic preparation Rostok. The nature of the change in phosphorus and potassium in the straw of grain crops by more than 80 % depends on the treatment of straw with the humic preparation Rostok, while the localization of the straw does not have a significant effect.
INFLUENCE OF ZOOHYGIENIC PARAMETERS OF ANIMAL FACILITIES MICROCLIMATE ON MILK PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITATIVE MILK COMPOSITION
Authors: Il' Dmitriy , Zabolotnyh Mihail , Il' Elena
Published: December 2024

The aim of research is to study the influence of zoohygienic parameters of the microclimate of livestock buildings on milk productivity and milk quality. The identification of the trend in changes in milk productivity in the winter-spring period depending on the microclimate and zones of location of highly productive animals was carried out in the North Kazakhstan Region on the basis of one of the dairy farms. Experimental studies were carried out according to the traditional methodology of planning experiments by forming experimental groups using laboratory, instrumental and statistical research methods. The object of the study is Simmental cows. The material of the study is milk of the animals under study. For the study, 3 groups of animals were selected and formed according to the principle of pairs-analogues of the second calving, 20 heads in each group. Group I – the animals were located in the southern zone of the complex; Group II – in the central zone and Group III – in the northern zone. A trend was revealed in milk productivity and physicochemical parameters of milk depending on climatic changes in the season and microclimate parameters. The trend in changes is associated with temperature changes in the winter, when animals spent a lot of energy on heat exchange and could not fully produce milk. Milk productivity decreased in the winter by 10 % compared to the spring. The dynamics between the periods differed significantly in fat content: animals of Group I in the spring had an average fat content of (4.10 ± 0.20) %, in the winter the indicator was (3.81 ± 0.12) % and was 7.1 % less; in the second group – (3.89 ± 0.15) and (3.75 ± 0.18) %, respectively, and the difference was 3.59 %, and in the third group – (3.29 ± 0.17) and (3.51 ± 0.09) %, and the difference between periods was 2.3 %, respectively. Decreasing and increasing temperature, increasing and decreasing humidity, increasing harmful gases, dust pollution in livestock buildings also contribute to a decrease in milk productivity of cows.
STUDY OF FOOD WASTE FERMENTATION PROCESSES BY BAIKAL EM-1 PREPARATION
Authors: Ulrikh Elena , Bondarchuk Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate the quality indicators of organic fertilizer obtained in the process of fermentation of food waste of various compositions with the preparation Baikal EM-1. Tasks: to carry out the process of fermentation of food waste; to analyze the composition of the obtained compost; to provide recommendations on the use of the obtained organic fertilizer. Experimental studies on the fermentation of food waste were conducted at the Department of Biotechnology and Food Production, the quality indicators of the obtained organic fertilizer (compost) were determined in the Agroecology research laboratory of the Kuzbass State Agrarian University named after V.N. Poletskov. The object of the study is food waste. The process of fermentation of food waste of various compositions with the preparation Baikal EM-1 to obtain organic fertilizer (compost) was studied. Baikal EM-1 is a microbiological fertilizer designed to improve the fertility of soil of any structure and composition in the garden and soil mixtures for indoor plants and seedlings. The biopreparation contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms living in the soil: lactic acid, nitrogen-fixing, nitrifying bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast and fermenting fungi. Food waste containing a protein component was poorly fermented with the enzyme preparation Baikal EM-1. The enzyme preparation Baikal EM-1 can be used for the fermentation of food waste containing a fat and carbohydrate component. A qualitative assessment of the resulting compost was made. The resulting compost fully complies with the requirements of GOST 55571-2013. The samples of the resulting compost have a fairly high content of total nitrogen (from 1.03 to 1.83 %), potassium (from 1.33 to 2.18 %), total phosphorus (from 1.41 to 1.48 %). In this regard, this compost can be successfully used as a fertilizer for ornamental and agricultural crops.
USING PLANT-BASED IODINE-CONTAINING ADDITIVES IN BAKERY PRODUCT RECIPES
Authors: Snegireva Natal'ya
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to determine the possibility of using kelp and black chokeberry powders in bake¬ry product recipes. Objectives: to study the effect of powders on dough quality in various dosages and determine their optimal content; evaluate the quality indicators of finished products. The study was conducted at the Food Technology Department of the Northern Trans-Urals State Agricultural University. The objects of the study were semi-finished wheat bread products with the addition of kelp powder in the amount of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2 % to the flour weight; semi-finished bakery products with the addition of black chokeberry powder in the amount of 1; 3; 5; 7 % to the flour weight. The addition of kelp powder when kneading the dough increases the water absorption capacity of the dough compared to the control, which has a strengthening effect on the dough structure. The addition of black chokeberry powder to the dough redu¬ces the mass fraction of raw gluten, but also has a strengthening effect. The optimal dosage of kelp powder for adding to the recipe for wheat bread made from premium flour has been established – 2 %, and black chokeberry powder for buns – 3 % of the flour weight. The addition of kelp powder to finished pro¬ducts had the most noticeable effect on the shape and condition of the surface, the size and uniformity of the pore distribution, which can be associated with a greater water absorption capacity of the dough. The addition of black chokeberry powder to the recipe for bakery products had a positive effect on the organoleptic indicators, giving the finished products a pleasant berry taste and aroma. Bakery products were characterized by greater dimensional stability, uniform thin-walled porosity.
DETERMINATION OF CONDITIONS FOR NON-MICROBIAL FERMENTATION OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) FOR USE IN FOOD SYSTEMS
Authors: Rozhnov Evgeniy , Shkolnikova Marina , Kazanceva Anna , Banschikova Elena
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of non-microbial fermentation conditions (temperature and duration) on the garlic darkening process. Objectives: to determine the effect of temperature and duration of garlic fermentation on the intensity of its darkening, as well as the accumulation of 5-hydroxy-methylfurfural as a key intermediate of the Maillard reaction. The object of the study is common garlic of the Dobrynya variety. To obtain black garlic, the heads were cleaned of the upper several contaminated layers of the husk, placed in a desiccator with water to maintain constant humidity during fermentation and prevent drying of the samples at high fermentation temperatures. The desiccator was placed in a dry-air adjustable thermostat and garlic was fermented at 60; 70; 80 and 90 °C for 12–60 days. The process of garlic darkening during fermentation can be divided into three stages: initiation of the darkening process (the first 3–6 days of fermentation); intensive development of the darkening process (from 6 to 15 days) and completion of the darkening process (within 3–40 days). The appearance of black garlic obtained by fermentation at 60 °C was unsatisfactory, with individual drops of water under the husk, which may lead to microbiological contamination during storage of such a product. Fermentation of garlic at 90 °C resulted in a solid product with a distinct smell and taste of burning. The amount of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural increases in all samples of fermented garlic regardless of temperature, but the reaction rate was higher at higher temperatures. Heating at 80 and 90 °C led to a significant increase in the rate of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural formation and contributed to obtaining a product of a favorable black color with shine, however, the taste characteristics of these samples were less preferable compared to samples fermented at 60 and 70 °C, since they had an unpleasant bitter taste of burnt sugar.
POTATO VARIETIES EVALUATION ACCORDING TO YIELD, ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY PARAMETERS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION CONDITIONS
Authors: Gerieva fatima , Gazdanova Irina
Published: December 2024

The objective of research is to study potato varieties in terms of productivity, adaptability, ecological plasticity and stability based on the "yield" feature in the agroecological conditions of the North Caucasus Region. The studies were carried out at the experimental base of OOO FAT-AGRO, Prigorodny District, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania in 2020–2023. The object of the study is 46 promising domestic potato varieties. Phenological observations, determination of biometric indicators of plants, tuber quality, statistical processing of yield data were carried out according to generally accepted methods. During the growing season, potato samples were assessed by ripening time, morphological characteristics of tubers and yield. The productive and adaptive potential of the variety in terms of "yield" was assessed according to the method of L.A. Zhivotkov, Z.A. Morozova, L.I. Sekutaeva. Potato varieties that ensure the formation of a consistently high yield in changing environmental conditions have been identified. High yield (over 40 t/ha) was noted in early varieties: Konkurent, Ariel', Gulliver, Karmen, Triumf – 49.2; 46.6; 44.0; 46.0; 33.0 t/ha, respectively. In the group of mid-early varieties, the yield range is 25.5–39.8 t/ha, the highest productivity in 2023 was shown by the varieties Babushka, Mirazh, Izyuminka – 36.6; 39.8; 37.4 t/ha, respectively. The highest yield among mid-season varieties was noted in the varieties Alyaska, Grand, Krasa Meshchera, Prajm in comparison with the standards. The studies of varieties by adaptability parameters gave the following results: the adaptability coefficient (AC) over one was 10 (71 %) varieties in the early maturity group, 12 (80 %) varieties in the mid-early group and 6 (37 %) varieties in the mid-season group
Absorption Of Waste Oil By Using Shrimp Skin
Authors: Arbaan Nur Shuhada , BAIN NOOR FARAHIN , OTHMAN KINTAN
Published: December 2024

The research, titled "Study of Absorption of Waste Oil by Using Shrimp Skin," addresses a pressing environmental concern and aims to raise awareness among the general population about the detrimental effects of waste oil pollution. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), constituents of oil and grease, can pose more significant risks than those originating from non-petroleum sources, such as vegetable oil. Common avenues for these pollutants to enter the environment include leaks from machinery and vehicles, illegal dumping, spills, and improper disposal of cooking oil. Notably, motor oil leakage into water bodies during storms exacerbates the problem. While waste oil is not a novel concept, public awareness regarding its impact on both direct and indirect aspects of daily life remains crucial. This research sheds light on the potential long-term health effects of waste oil and employs a survey technique to heighten respondents' understanding of the repercussions associated with untreated waste oil being discharged into drains. The central focus of the experiment is to evaluate the efficacy of utilizing organic chitosan from shrimp skin in absorbing waste oil from contaminated water sources. By examining the absorption capabilities of shrimp skin, the study not only contributes to the development of sustainable solutions for waste oil management but also emphasizes the importance of responsible disposal practices. The ultimate goal is to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of organic chitosan derived from shrimp skin as an eco-friendly and efficient absorbent for mitigating the adverse environmental impact of waste oil pollution in aquatic ecosystems.sources. By examining the absorption capabilities of shrimp skin, the study not only contributes to the development of sustainable solutions for waste oil management but also emphasizes the importance of responsible disposal practices. The ultimate goal is to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of organic chitosan derived from shrimp skin as an eco-friendly and efficient absorbent for mitigating the adverse environmental impact of waste oil pollution in aquatic ecosystems.
Reduce Oil in Domestic Wastewater Using Durio Zibethinus and Oryza Sativa
Authors: Sanat Siti Arinah , Mustapa Rozilaili binti , Abidin Shalwarina binti Zainal
Published: December 2024

Waste cooking oil is a significant contributor to water pollution, originating from both domestic and industrial food preparation. This study aims to develop an oil trap and evaluate the effectiveness of durio zibethinus (durian) and oryza sativa (rice husk) as filtration media. These oil traps are engineered to separate and capture waste fats, oils, grease, and solids before they enter the wastewater system. The traps are installed at the terminal points of pipelines draining water from kitchen sinks. The study assesses the performance of the oil traps using specific parameters and the characterization of durio zibethinus and oryza sativa. The effectiveness of the oil trap is measured through various parameters, including physical properties like turbidity and chemical properties such as pH and oil and grease content. The study concludes with the successful development of an oil trap that has the potential to mitigate water pollution caused by oil waste.
Politeness in the Language of West Jakarta Metro Police Officers During Dialogic Patrol Activities
Authors: Aziz Zeidtry Maulana
Published: December 2024

This study examines the implementation of politeness strategies in the communication of police officers when carrying out dialogic patrol duties in the jurisdiction of the West Jakarta Metro Police. Politeness is an important aspect in communication between the police and the community, functioning as a foundation for creating effective and harmonious interactions. This study uses the theory of politeness developed by Leech and the theory of impoliteness by Culpeper to analyze data obtained through qualitative methods with observation techniques and conversation recording. The results of the study indicate that police officers often use various politeness maxims, such as the maxim of sympathy, tact, and humility in their dialogues with the community. It was also found that the application of politeness strategies can increase public trust in the police and support the effectiveness of persuasive messages delivered. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of the importance of politeness for police officers in maintaining good relations with the communityThis study examines the implementation of politeness strategies in the communication of police officers when carrying out dialogic patrol duties in the jurisdiction of the West Jakarta Metro Police. Politeness is an important aspect in communication between the police and the community, functioning as a foundation for creating effective and harmonious interactions. This study uses the theory of politeness developed by Leech and the theory of impoliteness by Culpeper to analyze data obtained through qualitative methods with observation techniques and conversation recording. The results of the study indicate that police officers often use various politeness maxims, such as the maxim of sympathy, tact, and humility in their dialogues with the community. It was also found that the application of politeness strategies can increase public trust in the police and support the effectiveness of persuasive messages delivered. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of the importance of politeness for police officers in maintaining good relations with the community
Natural Bleach Using Lemon Peel
Authors: Kamaruzaman Wan Nurhazirah
Published: December 2024

Commercial bleach, as indicated by Yosi Santika Silitonga et al. in 2020, contains chemicals designed to eliminate dirt and stains. In light of this, a solution involving natural bleach derived from lemon peel has been suggested for cleaning purposes. This natural bleach can be produced by synthesizing lemon peel as the primary ingredient and combining it with ethanol and vinegar. The blend of lemon peel, ethanol, and vinegar forms an effective natural bleach agent. Experimental tests were carried out to assess the bleaching efficiancy of lemon peel extract on cotton fabric by varying the amounts of lemon peel in each mixture. Seven different doses of natural agents were tested for each bleach mixture. The findings demonstrated that lemon peel extract is proficient in lightening fabric color and removing stains while preserving fabric integrity, owing to the presence of citric acid in lemon peel which acts as a natural cleaning agent. Citric acid aids in dirt and grime removal, as well as providing a bleaching effect on fabrics, while ethanol functions as an additional cleaning agent and solvent. Additionally, vinegar with its acidic properties contributes to the bleaching process. The study also examined various parameters such as pH levels, the duration needed for lemon peel to eliminate stains on cotton fabric, and the toxicity of the bleach. Time measurements were taken during cotton cloth stain removal tests using natural bleach, based on the quantity of doses applied. Consequently, the bleach testing revealed that the most effective dose for dirt removal is a hundred grams of lemon peel, achieving stain removal within two minutes. It was observed that increasing the amount of lemon peel led to faster dirt removal, showcasing accelerated stain elimination on fabric and delivering a notably clean outcome. In summary, lemon peel extract presents a sustainable alternative with potent bleaching properties. The advantages of natural bleach encompass efficient cleaning without residual harmful chemicals, promoting environmentally conscious practices.
The Innovation of IoT Water Monitoring Irrigation Solar System
Authors: Mustapa Rozilaili , Sanat Siti Arinah , Pa Mohamad Fauzi Che
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the significant economic challenges posed by agricultural irrigation, driven by high electricity, water, and labor consumption. The IoT Water Irrigation Solar System is developed to promote sustainable agricultural sector growth while minimizing environmental impact. Extensive land exploration for agriculture has resulted in substantial environmental pollution globally. The National Water Services Commission aimed for a per capita water consumption target of 180 liters daily by 2020. The labor force reduction in Malaysia in 2022 incurred a RM22 billion economic loss. Emphasizing renewable energy adoption, such as solar power, is crucial for conserving non- renewable resources. Soil moisture studies play a critical role in optimizing water usage for agriculture. The IoT Water Irrigation Solar System integrates moisture detectors, temperature and humidity sensors, and solar panels. Furthermore, the Blynk Application enhances remote monitoring and data recording capabilities for efficient plant management from distant locations.
Removal Of Turbidity Using Papaya Seed As A Natural Coagulant
Authors: Bain Noor Farahin , Dolhan Mimi Malisa , Arbaan Nur Shuhada
Published: December 2024

This research aims to use papaya seeds to make a Natural Coagulant. Natural coagulants are compounds that can cause coagulation in liquids, particularly in water treatment procedures, and can be derived from plant, animal, or microbiological sources. This particular substance was selected based on research showing it to be an effective coagulant in the water treatment process. The objectives of this project are to create non-chemical coagulants using natural resources like papaya seeds, create ecologically friendly coagulants from these materials, and measure the turbidity of water samples after utilizing these plant materials. Papaya seeds should then be dried, ground into smaller bits, and extracted. Filtering should be completed following extraction. Papaya seeds were used in three separate ratio tests. When the three papaya seed amounts are ready, they will be measured in quantities varied to approximate six beakers full of sample water from Lake Sultan Idris Shah Polytechnic for the jar test procedure. The papaya seeds will be extracted using 50 ml of distilled water. Of the three papaya seed ratios, the lowest turbidity value is 3.45 NTU for 10 grams, 1.77 NTU for 12 grams, and 4.97 NTU for 14 grams. The primary finding of this experiment is that papaya has qualities that can reduce the amount of turbidity in water. In conclusion, papaya seeds have demonstrated their ability to function as a natural coagulant and to lessen water turbidity.
The Application of Flipped Learning Model to Cognitive Learning Outcomes and Laboratory Practical Skills
Authors: Widiyono  , Suwarni Anik , Sumarni Rantiningsih , Sutrisno  , Putra Fajar Alam
Published: December 2024

The world of education has developed very rapidly, so that new methods are needed to support the effectiveness of learning process in the classroom, such as ideas related to new educational models and unique ways to continue to communicate with students, inform, collaborate and assess the learning process so that learning becomes fun, without reducing the essence of education. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of implementing the flipped learning model on the cognitive learning outcomes and laboratory practical skills of nursing students at Sahid University, Surakarta. This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post non-equivalent control group design, the research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this research was student of class A as a class using the Flipped Classroom model and student of class B as a class using a conventional model with a total of 74 students. The results of this research showed that the Paired Sample T-Test test results were p < 0.05 which indicated that there was an influence from the application of the Flipped Classroom and conventional models on student cognitive learning outcomes and the average learning outcomes with the application of the Flipped Classroom were higher than those with the application of the conventional model. The conclusion of this research is that it is necessary to apply the flipped learning model because it can improve student learning outcomes in creative thinking.
Leadership Role in Implementation of Mutations on Employees’ Performance, Department of Education and Culture, Jeneponto
Authors: Sola Ermi , Mei Reski
Published: December 2024

Leaders as an aspect of human resources have an important role in various activities of an institution. Leadership is a manifestation of a person's ability to influence members or subordinates to be willing to work to achieve agreed goals. Often during certain periods, employees are transferred. Transfers are caused by several reasons, such as filling employee vacancies in other offices, filling executive level positions and transferring executive duties, career development and position promotions, and the spoil system , namely mutations carried out on the basis of kinship and considerations of likes or dislikes so that employees are hired. mutation is not based on performance considerations. These various reasons clearly have an impact on the work rhythm which was previously well organized and organized. This research aims to find out: (1) Implementation of Mutations at the Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Office; (2) Employee Performance at the Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Service; (3) Implementation of Mutations on Employee Performance at the Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Office. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with a phenomenological and sociological approach. The data source was obtained from employees of the Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Office. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The research instrument is an interview guide. Data analysis was carried out using data reduction techniques , data presentation and drawing conclusions or verification. Data validity testing uses source triangulation. The results of the research show that implementing mutations is not the authority or decision of the leadership of the Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Service as a whole. Mutations are carried out because of a messenger letter from BKD for reasons of career development , filling vacant positions, filling executive level positions, promotions and spoiled systems ; not the decision of the leadership of the agency concerned. The performance of transferred employees varies according to their respective fields so that the tasks given can be completed and achieve the desired goals. In short, the implementation of communication for employees of the Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Office was not carried out immediately , but was based on a decision letter from the BKD. The performance of Jeneponto Regency Education and Culture Service employees varies according to their duties and procedures as well as their commitment to achieving targets.