bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Master Key to the Problem of Reversible Chemical Hydrogen Storage and Reversible Energy Storage Alike is 12 kJ (mol H2)-1
Authors: Pawelke Roland Hermann
Published: April 2019

This article outlines a potent theoretical formalism illuminating the boundaries to reversible solid hydrogen storage based on the ideal gas law and classic equilibrium thermodynamics. A global picture of chemical reversible hydrogen sorption is unveiled including a thermodynamic explanation of partial reversibility. This is utilized to elucidate a multitude of issues from metal hydride chemistry (as ESI): Highlights are explanations why the substitution of a mere 4 mol % Na by K in Ti-doped NaAlH4 raises the reversible storage capacity by 42 % and elaboration of the utmost probable reaction pathway in (Rb/K)H-doped Mg(NH2)2/2LiH. The ESI further contains a demonstration of relevance to electrochemistry by means of the NAS-battery cell, concisely predicting the starting point of the cell voltage drop where experiment shows it to be. The findings of this work allow for a change of paradigm towards the understanding of reversible chemical energy storage and provide a hitherto sorely missing tool of tremendous analytic and predictive power, complementary to experiment.
Penalized Variational Autoencoder for Molecular Design
Authors: Mohammadi Sadegh , O'Dowd Bing , Paulitz-Erdmann Christian , Goerlitz Linus
Published: April 2019

Variational autoencoders have emerged as one of the most common approaches for automating molecular generation. We seek to learn a cross-domain latent space capturing chemical and biological information, simultaneously. To do so, we introduce the Penalized Variational Autoencoder which directly operates on SMILES, a linear string representation of molecules, with a weight penalty term in the decoder to address the imbalance in the character distribution of SMILES strings. We find that this greatly improves upon previous variational autoencoder approaches in the quality of the latent space and the generalization ability of the latent space to new chemistry. Next, we organize the latent space according to chemical and biological properties by jointly training the Penalized Variational Autoencoder with linear units. Extensive experiments on a range of tasks, including reconstruction, validity, and transferability demonstrates that the proposed methods here substantially outperform previous SMILES and graph-based methods, as well as introduces a new way to generate molecules from a set of desired properties, without prior knowledge of a chemical structure.
Formation and Trapping of the Thermodynamically Unfavoured Inverted-Hemicucurbit[6]uril
Authors: Prigorchenko Elena , Kaabel Sandra , Narva Triin , Baškir Anastassia , Fomitšenko Maria , Adamson Jasper , Järving Ivar , Rissanen Kari , Tamm Toomas , Aav Riina
Published: April 2019

Amplification of a thermodynamically unfavoured macrocyclic product through the directed shift of the equilibrium between dynamic covalent chemistry library members is difficult to achieve. We show for the first time that during condensation of formaldehyde and cis-N,N'-cyclohexa-1,2-diylurea formation of inverted-cis-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[6]uril (i-cis-cycHC[6]) can be induced at the expense of thermodynamically favoured cis-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[6]uril (cis-cycHC[6]). The formation of i-cis-cycHC[6] is enhanced in low concentration of the templating chloride anion and suppressed in excess of this template. We found that reaction selectivity is governed by the solution-based template-aided dynamic combinatorial chemistry and continuous removal of the formed cycHC[6] macrocycles from the equilibrating solution by precipitation. Notably, the i-cis-cycHC[6] was isolated with 33% yield. Different binding affinities of three diastereomeric i-cis-, cis-cycHC[6] and their chiral isomer (R,R)-cycHC[6] for trifluoroacetic acid demonstrate the influence of macrocycle geometry on complex formation.
Automated Detection and Characterization of Surface Restructuring Events in Bimetallic Catalysts
Authors: Lim Jin Soo , Molinari Nicola , Duanmu Kaining , Sautet Philippe , Kozinsky Boris
Published: April 2019

Surface restructuring in bimetallic systems has recently been shown to play a crucial role in heterogeneous catalysis. In particular, the segregation in binary alloys can be reversed in the presence of strongly bound adsorbates. Mechanistic characterization of such restructuring phenomena at the atomic level remains scarce and challenging due to the large configurational space that must be explored. To this end, we propose an automated method to discover elementary surface restructuring processes in an unbiased fashion, using Pd/Ag as an example. We employ high-temperature classical molecular dynamics (MD) to rapidly detect restructuring events, isolate them, and optimize using density functional theory (DFT). In addition to confirming the known exchange descent mechanism, our systematic approach has revealed three new predominant classes of events at step edges of close-packed surfaces that have not been considered before: (1) vacancy insertion; (2) direct exchange; (3) interlayer exchange. The discovered events enable us to construct the complete set of mechanistic pathways by which Pd is incorporated into the Ag host in vacuum. These atomistic insights provide a step toward systematic understanding and engineering of surface segregation dynamics in bimetallic catalysts.
Key game indicators in NBA players’ performance profiles
Authors: Dehesa Rubén , Vaquera Alejandro , Gonçalves Bruno , Mateus Nuno , Gomez-Ruano Miguel Ángel , Sampaio Jaime
Published: April 2019

The aim of the present study was to identify and describe players’ performances in NBA games using individual and team-based game variables. The sample was composed by 535 balanced games (score differences below or equal to eight points) from the regular season (n=502) and the playoffs (n=33). A total of 472 players were analysed. The individual-based variables were: minutes on court, effective field-goal percentage, free-throws/field-goals ratio, offensive rebound percentage, turnover percentage and playing position. The team-based variables were: team points minus opponent’s points (on and off court), NET score (player’s on values minus his/her off values), maximum negative and positive point difference, team’s winning percentage, game pace, defensive and offensive ratings. A two-step cluster analysis was performed to identify the player’s profiles during regular season and playoff games. The results identified five performance profiles during regular season games and four performance profiles during playoff games. The profiles identified were mainly characterized by the game quarter and the negative NET indicator (players’ performance on court minus their performance off court) in regular season games and the positive NET indicator during playoff games and second and third game-quarters. Coaching staffs can fine-tune these profiles to develop more team-specific models and, conversely, use the results to monitor and rebuild team formation under the constrained dynamics of the game and competition stages.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENALARAN MORAL DENGAN SIKAP TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKS PRANIKAH PADA REMAJA PEREMPUAN DI SMK SURABAYA
Authors: Rachmawati Yani , Izzati Umi Anugerah
Published: April 2019

This study is a correlational study. Subjects were 11 grade female student of SMK Ketintang, Surabaya, age 16-18 and have a dating partner. The total population of this research were 133 students and the sample sample were 60 students. The data collecting in this study using a questionnaire. The data analysis method using product moment analysis. The result showed there’s no negative relationship between moral reasoning with the attitude of adolescent toward pre-marital sexual behaviour among female student in SMK Ketintang, Surabaya with rxy = -0,771. It shows that when their moral reasoning is high, then his attitude toward premarital sexual behaviour is negative or they reject it. If the moral reasoning level is low, then their attitude toward pre-marital sex behaviour is high. The strength of this relationship between moral reasoning and attitude toward pre-marital sexual behaviour was 59,5%, which means there are other variables that are not observed in this research by 40,5% which affect the formation of attitudes toward pre-marital sexual behaviour.Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional. Subjek  penelitian adalah siswa perempuan kelas XI SMA Ketintang Surabaya yang berusia 16-18 tahun dan memiliki pacar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 133 siswa dan sampelnya 60 siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket. Metode analisis data yang digunakan analisis Product Moment Person. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan negatif antara penalaran moral dengan sikap remaja terhadap perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja perempuan di SMK Ketintang, Surabaya dengan rxy= -0,771. Hal tersebut menunjukkan apabila penalaran moralnya tinggi maka sikapnya terhadap perilaku seks pranikah justru negatif atau menolak, apabila penalaran moralnya rendah maka sikapnya terhadap perilaku seks pranikah justru tinggi. Kekuatan hubungan penalaran moral dengan sikap terhadap perilaku seks pranikah sebesar 59,5% yang berarti ada variabel lain yang tidak diamati dalam penelitan ini sebesar 40,5% yang mempengaruhi pembentukkan sikap terhadap perilaku seks pranikah.
Studi Kasus Dinamika Emosi Pada Anak Autis
Authors: Khoirunnisa Riza Noviana , Nursalim Mochammad
Published: April 2019

This study aimed at exploring the emotional dynamics of children with autistic. A qualitative approach with case study method was employed. Two autistic children with average autism severity in Cita Hati Bunda School and Therapy Center for autistic children Sidoarjo were recruited as participants. Data were collected from interviews, observation, and relevant documents. The Plutchik’s concept of emotion components, namely stimulus event, inferred cognition, physiological arousal, feeling state, impulse to action, and overt behaviour and effect was used to invoke some psychological insight in the analysis. The study found that the dynamic of emotions that occurs in autistic children was influenced mainly by situational factors. The result suggested that autistic children need more times to perceive the contexts of stimuli. However, this study was not able to explain how these children make meanings of those stimuli.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dinamika emosional pada anak-anak autis. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus diguna-kan. Dua anak autis dengan tingkat keparahan autisme rata-rata di Cita Hati Bunda Sekolah dan Terapi Pusat autis anak Sidoarjo direkrut sebagai partisipan. Data dikumpulkan dari wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen yang relevan. Konsep Plutchik tentang komponen emosi, yaitu stimulus event, inferred cogni-tion, physiological arousal, feeling state, impulse to action,  overt behaviour dan effect digunakan untuk memberikan wawasan psikologis dalam menganalisis data. Studi ini menemukan bahwa meskipun ketika emosi itu bangkit anak-anak autistik ini tidak mampu mengontrolnya, namun dinamika emosi yang terjadi pada anak autistik sesungguhnya dipengaruhi terutama oleh faktor situasional. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak autis perlu waktu yang lebih banyak  untuk memahami konteks rangsangan. Namun, penelitian ini tidak dapat menjelaskan bagaimana anak-anak ini memaknai berbagai rangsangan yang mereka terima.
IDENTITAS “LAJANG” (SINGLE IDENTITY) DAN STIGMA: STUDI FENOMENOLOGI PEREMPUAN LAJANG DI SURABAYA
Authors: Septiana Ema , Syafiq Muhammad
Published: April 2019

This study was aimed to explore middle class single adult women's experience concerning their identity as a single in Surabaya. The number of single adult women in Surabaya has been increased since 2010 until recently. Phenomenological method was used in this study. Data collected using indepth semi-structured interviews and analysed using IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis). This study reveals three themes, namely the experience of being stigmatized, psychological impacts of the stigma, and strategies employed to cope with stigma and psychological discomforts. Most participants reported that they are called as “perawan tua”  (spinster), “tidak laku” (leftover) by social surroundings. They are also blamed as having negative traits such as introvert because of their single status. The experience of being stigmatized has impacted on their psychological discomforts such as insecure feelings and loneliness. To cope with stigma and psychological discomforts, most participants employed some strategies, namely reevaluating single identity in positive ways, avoiding situations wich invite stigma, and accepting God's destiny and plan.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengalaman perempuan lajang kelas menengah di Surabaya. Meningkatnya jumlah perempuan lajang di Surabaya dari tahun 2010 hingga tahun 2012 dan masih dijumpainya stigma negatif kepada perempuan lajang menjadi dasar dilakukannya penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif fenomenologis dengan pengambilan data menggunakan wawancara semiterstruktur. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi tiga tema utama, yaitu pengalaman terkait stigma terhadap identitas lajang; kondisi psikologis akibat stigma terhadap lajang, dan cara menghadapi tekanan dan stigma. Para partisipan melaporkan bahwa mereka dianggap dan diperbincangkan sebagai perawan tua, perempuan tidak laku, dan memiliki sifat tertutup yang tidak mendukung terjalinnya hubungan intim. Pengalaman stigma tersebut telah mempengaruhi kondisi psikologis sebagai perempuan lajang, yaitu perasaan tertekan dan kesepian. Dalam menghadapi tekanan akibat stigma dan upaya untuk mengatasi tekanan psikologis tersebut, para partisipan penelitian ini menempuh strategi untuk mempertahankan rasa identitas yang positif sebagai lajang, antara lain: memaknai kembali status lajang lebih positif, menghindari situasi yang menimbulkan stigma, dan menyerahkan diri pada takdir.
STUDI LIFE HISTORY IDENTITAS DAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL PADA KETURUNAN TIONGHOA MUSLIM
Authors: Pratiwi Ria Mei Andi , Syafiq Muhammad
Published: April 2019

This study was aimed to explore how Chinese Muslims, who are individuals with multiple identities, sense their identity and how their identity influences their social interaction. This study used a qualitative approach with a life history method. Two male Chinese Muslims were recruited to be involved in this study. Data collected using semi structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. This study found two main themes namely identity struggle, and social interaction. Both participants have different ways of social struggle because of their different families and surrounding people. The result shows that both participants actively maintain their positive self identity through some identity negotiations. They consciously choose one of their social identities that is suitable and accepted by their surrounding people with whom they are living. In general, this study concludes that both participants are able to adapt to different kind of social interaction by selecting and emphasizing one of their social identities that is appropriate to social context. Thus, they show the ability to deal with multiple identities in healthy ways.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana keturunan Tionghoa yang memeluk agama Islam ini memaknai identitasnya sebagai individu dengan identitas majemuk, serta bagaimana identitasnya tersebut mempengaruhi interaksi sosialnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif life history dengan partisipan penelitian berjumlah dua orang yang diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Proses pengambilan data menggunakan teknik wawancara semi terstruktur. Data penelitian ini kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan dan mengidentifikasi dua tema utama, yakni tentang pergulatan identitas, dan interaksi sosial. Kedua partisipan mempunyai pergulatan identitas dengan cara yang berbeda dikarenakan kondisi keluarga dan lingkungan sekitar. Hasil dari penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kedua partisipan memiliki strategi untuk menjaga identitas diri yang positif melalui negosiasi identitas. Mereka memilih salah satu dari identitas sosial mereka sesuai dengan lingkungan sekitar mereka. Secara umum, kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kedua pertisipan mampu untuk mengadaptasi berbagai jenis interaksi sosial dengan memilih dan menegaskan identitas sosial mereka sesuai dengan konteks. Disamping itu, mereka juga menunjukkan kemampuan mereka untuk memaknai identitas ganda dengan baik.
Perubahan Diri Narapidana Pembunuhan Berencana
Authors: Hikmah Muthia Noor , Syafiq Muhammad
Published: April 2019

This study was aimed to explain the self-concept of a prisoner who jailed for premeditated murder and factors that  influence self changes. A qualitative approach with a case study method was used. One participant and three significant others were involved in this study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using Thematic Analysis (TA). The result of this study indicates that there is a change of participant’s self-concept as the impacts of his murder act and his imprisonment. Before the murder case, the participant experienced some degrees of incongruence between actual and ideal self. After the murder case and his life in prison, the participant’s self incongruence tends to decrease. There are  several  factors that influence the participant’s self-congruence, namely: social supports they received both psychologically and materially from relatives and  friends, the ability to learn from his past experience, having self-acceptance and gratitude shown by  accepting the punishment and sentence in the prison, and good adjustment during his life in prison. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran konsep diri dan faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi perubahan diri pada seorang narapidana kasus pembunuhan berencana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Tematik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan konsep diri pada subjek antara sebelum dan setelah melakukan pembunuhan. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya perubahan konsep diri. Sebelum melakukan pembunuhan, subjek memiliki kecenderungan inkongruensi yang lebar antara diri yang diidealkan (ideal self) dan diri nyata (actual self). Namun, setelah melakukan pembunuhan justru konsep diri subjek cenderung mendekati kongruensi karena tindakan pembunuhan yang telah dilakukan berhasil mengurangi diskrepansi antara diri ideal dan diri nyata. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perunahan konsep diri subjek, yaitu adanya dukungan yang diterima secara psikologis dan materiil dari orang-orang terdekat, kemampuan mengambil pelajaran dari pengalaman masa lalu, adanya penerimaan diri, serta kemampuan penyesuaian diri yang baik selama menjalani hukuman di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan.
Gambaran Kepribadian Hardiness Atlet Paralympic Atletik Lari Cepat
Authors: Kinanthi Gretty Wida , Jannah Miftakhul
Published: April 2019

This research was motivated by a phenomenon of paralympic athletes with physical, visual, hearing and intellectual dissabilities that were demanded to keep confident and overcome problems. Stress often happens to athletes when the match is in progress so this stress causes failure on their competition and they are demanded to come up again after failure. Athletes need a tendency of hardiness personality to overcome every problem in the match so the atheletes can gain an achievement. The purpose of this research was to describe a paralympic athlete’s tendency of hardiness personality. This research used qualitative research with case-study method. A paralympic athelete who had international achievement in 200 and 400-meter sprints was recruited as the participant in this research. Data were collected using interviews, observations and document reviews which then analyzed by using thematic analysis. The results showed that the participant had tendency of hardiness personality shown by his understanding of the purpose of life, involving his self in daily activities, and controlling each of his problem. The participant also had optimism and ready to take the challenge. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena atlet paralympic dengan ketidakmampuan secara fisik, penglihatan, pendengaran dan intelektual yang dituntut untuk tetap percaya diri dan mampu mengatasi permasalahan. Stres seringkali terjadi pada atlet ketika pertandingan berlangsung sehingga stres ini menyebabkan kegagalan dipertandingannya dan mereka dituntut untuk bangkit kembali setelah kegagalan. Atlet membutuhkan kecenderungan kepribadian hardiness untuk mengatasi setiap masalah dalam pertandingan sehingga atlet dapat mencapai prestasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kecenderungan kepribadian hardiness atlet paralympic. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Atlet paralympic yang memiliki prestasi tingkat internasional nomor perlombaan lari cepat 200 dan 400 meter dipilih sebagai partisipan pada penelitian ini. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa partisipan memiliki kecenderungan kepribadian hardiness yang ditunjukkan dengan pemahamannya pada tujuan hidup, melibatkan diri dalam aktivitas sehari-hari, pengendalian setiap masalah. Partisipan juga memiliki optimis dan berani mengambil tantangan.
Depresi dan Kesejahteraan Spiritual pada Ibu Hamil Risiko Tinggi
Authors: Handayani Fitrias Putri , Fourianalistyawati Endang
Published: April 2019

This study aims to investigate the relationship between depression and spiritual well-being among women with a high-risk pregnancy. A quantitative method with correlational design was employed. Eighty-five participants were recruited for this study using accidental sampling technique. All participants were pregnant women with a high-risk pregnancy (between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation). Data were collected using two instruments, namely an adapted CESD-R (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale Revised) to measure depression and an adapted Gomez & Fisher’s SWBQ (Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire) to measure spiritual well-being. Results shows that there is a significant negative relationship between depression and spiritual well-being (r = -0,422 in the significance level of 0.01). It can be concluded from the result that the low level of depression correlates with the high spiritual well-being. Key words: Depression, spiritual well-being, high-risk pregnancyAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat depresi dan kesejahteraan spiritual pada ibu hamil risiko tinggi. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Dalam penelitian ini depresi dan kesejahteraan spiritual diukur dengan alat ukur yang telah diadaptasi, depresi diukur dengan Center For Epidemiological Studies - Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R) sedangkan kesejahteraan spiritual diukur dengan Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire (SWBQ). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik accidental sampling dan sebanyak 89 ibu hamil risiko tinggi dengan usia kehamilan diatas 6 bulan (24 – 36 minggu) menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan bernilai negatif antara depresi dengan kesejahteraan spiritual sebesar r= - 0,422 (hubungan sedang) dengan signifikansi 0,01. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah tingkat depresi yang rendah memiliki hubungan dengan kesejahteraan spiritual yang tinggi.
Оn  Methodological  Approaches  to  the  Formation of Indicators  of  Trade  Organizations  Effectiveness
Authors: Zhitlukhina O. G. , Mikhalyova O. L.
Published: April 2019

The article focuses on the importance of methodological approaches to determining the effectiveness of organizations; considers such approaches to the calculation of performance indicators as the “costly” approach, the “net return” approach and the approach “characterizing the effectiveness of capital allocation”. It identifies the factors which influence the availability of reliable information for assessing the organization effectiveness by external users of accounting (financial) statements and complicate this assessment for internal users. The authors carry out a comparative analysis of the calculation of performance indicators dynamics, made by the traditional method and the refined method, in terms of adjusting the differentiation of complex articles of accounting (financial) reporting and excluding tax accounting items. It is concluded that to increase the reliability of the information base for evaluating the effectiveness of organizations, it is important to take into account the estimated characteristics of the reported indicators at fair value or amortized cost. The article substantiates the expediency of making adjustments to accounting (financial) items not related to cash flows.
Conceptual  Framework  to  Analyze  the  Production and  Economic  Activity  of  the  Institutions  of  the  Penal  Correction  System
Authors: Sheshukova Т. G. , Sanacheva A.  A.
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is a complex of theoretical, methodological and practical issues related to the analysis of the production and economic activity of the institutions belonging to the penal correction system (PCS). The authors largely use the following methods of cognition: observation, analysis and synthesis, grouping and aggregation of heterogeneous data; analogy; methods of comparative analysis, complex and systematic approaches; logical and graphic methods. The paper describes the key features of the analysis of the production and economic activity of the PCS institutions and the main objects of the research. In addition the research identifies the indicators applicable particularly to the analysis of penal correction institutions which makes this research different from a traditional economic analysis. Taking into account the peculiarities of PCS institutions the authors specify certain special directions of the research and propose additional indicators. As the main purposes of PCS institutions are of social character, integrative indicators should be able to measure the extent of achieving social results. The analysis of current assets includes the consideration of such groups of assets as food and general stores. The analysis of human resources should cover not only prison service civilian and certified staff but also convicts and, specifically, the relationship between their labor productivity and financial incentives. The analysis of the activity of PCS institutions should also incorporate the assessment of the effectiveness of use of state-provided funds.
[ECO] Turismo una alternativa de desarrollo [sostenible] para el [sub] desarrollo. Un estudio comparativo entre los poblados de San Clemente y El Recuerdo.
Authors: García Noboa Paola
Published: April 2019

En el último tercio del siglo XX el turismo ha sido una de las industrias, dentro del área de servicios, que manifiesta uno de los crecimientos económicos más acelerados en el mundo. Sus ingresos de exportación a nivel mundial ocupan la cuarta posición después de los combustibles, los productos químicos y los productos automotrices; y en algunos casos, el turismo ha pasado a ser la primera categoría de exportación en los países subdesarroll ados (OMT , 2008).El aparecimiento de nuevos destinos en las últimas décadas ha incentivado el desarroll o de esta industria, que entre 1995 y 2007 experimentó un crecimiento promedio anual del 4% (ídem). En gran medida estos nuevos destinos son parte de propuestas ecológicas inscritas dentro del discurso del desarrollo sostenible, concebidas como proyectos alternativos de (eco) turismo a pequeña escala en regiones subdesarroll adas con gran biodiversidad, cuyo propósito es promover el desarroll o local y la conservación de la naturaleza.Tomando en cuenta este contexto, nos interesa analizar desde una visión antropológica, las posibilidades de éxito del (eco) turismo en dos localidades del Ecuador, para lo cual el presente artículo se ha dividido en dos partes: la primera, es un breve esbozo histórico del paradigma del desarrollo y su vínculo con la industria turística y la segunda parte se expone los dos casos de estudio: San Clemente, (una comunidad indígena de kichwa- hablantes, localizada en la provincia de Imbabura) y El Recuerdo, (un recinto montubio ubicado en la provincia de Los Ríos), y su relación histórica con el discurso del desarroll o a través de proyectos puntuales como parte de la lógica proyectivista de intervención, ya sea por parte del Estado o de organismos no gubernamentales.
El pensamiento sobre la naturaleza en el Renacimiento
Authors: Bustamante Teodoro
Published: April 2019

En este artículo se presenta el proceso por el cual el renacimiento impulsa dos procesos del desarrollo del pensamiento occidental. Por una parte, la dimensión utópica, que tiene expresiones en moro y erasmo, y por otra la visión racionalista. El gérmen de esta perspectiva es ubicado en Rollewink. Se muestra como la promesa renacentista se pierde por la lucha por el poder, y se muestra con ello que la visión estereotipada de un pensamiento de la naturaleza unilateral que se atribuye a occidente es mucho más compleja, y que para superar los problemas actuales de la relación con la naturaleza conviene regresar a estas fuentes que tienen todavía mucho que enseñar para el día de hoy.
Percepciones y sostenibilidad del turismo comunitario: comunidad Shiripuno. Misahuallí – Ecuador
Authors: Guijarro Gabriela , Pacheco Verónica , Verdesoto Juan Fernando
Published: April 2019

El principal objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las percepciones y sostenibilidad del turismo comunitario en la comunidad de Shiripuno, localizada en la provincia del Napo, en la región Amazónica ecuatoriana. El estudio incluye modelos estadísticos cualitativos y cuantitativos para el levantamiento y análisis de información sobre el punto de vista de los turistas, residentes y otros actores clave. Los datos obtenidos han sido interpretados bajo una adaptación y combinación de los modelos teóricos del ciclo de vida del destino turístico (CDVT) de Butler (1980) y el índice de irritación de Doxey (1976). Esta interpretación muestra que la comunidad se encuentra en la fase de “Desarrollo” (Apatía). La aplicación de ambos modelos teóricos nos permite analizar y conocer particularidades de esta modalidad turística, que podrían ser consideradas para futuras evaluaciones de sostenibilidad. Si bien el destino turístico de Shiripuno está en la fase de desarrollo, es importante tomar en cuenta algunas características como la percepción por parte de la comunidad de recibir mayores beneficios económicos dejando de lado los otros pilares de la sostenibilidad, social y ambiental. Esta visión puede constituir una amenaza por sí misma puesto que en el futuro el declive del destino pudiera estar relacionado con la degradación ambiental y los conflictos sociales derivados de la actividad turística.
Rumipamba. Persistencias y rupturas en el uso del espacio. Reflexiones sobre identidad y áreas de actividad
Authors: Ugalde María Fernanda , Constantine Ángelo , Chacón Rosalba
Published: April 2019

Uno de los componentes del sentido de identidad es, sin duda, el espacio físico. El concepto contemporáneo de nación debió tener algún tipo de correlato en las sociedades sedentarias del pasado, siendo la similitud conceptual creciente en forma directamente proporcional a la complejidad de su organización política. Asumiendo una correspondencia estructural entre el concepto de espacio y estrategias socio-culturales (Criado 1991), consideramos que una manera muy efectiva de afianzar espacios es asignándoles un valor sagrado e irremplazable para una determinada sociedad. Pocas cosas pueden ser más “propias” y más sagradas que los muertos de la misma familia o del mismo grupo, los que se convertirán en los ancestros; las tumbas constituyen por tanto “contenedores” de identidad social y su colocación en un espacio físico determinado afianza el sentido de pertenencia del grupo a tal espacio. Las observaciones realizadas por los autores durante la última etapa de investigación en el sitio Rumipamba (Quito), han provocado algunas reflexiones alrededor del uso del espacio desde una perspectiva diacrónica. El largo rango temporal con el que usualmente trabajan los arqueólogos, hace que la arqueología sea ideal para ofrecer una perspectiva cronológica en aspectos de identidad en el pasado (Díaz-Andreu y Lucy, 2005). La persistencia de la utilización de un espacio reducido como cementerio de niños a lo largo de dos momentos ocupacionales, de un lado, y la reutilización de un espacio doméstico como basural, de otro, invitan a preguntarse sobre las relaciones identidad-espacio para esta sociedad prehispánica.
IbM Kelompok Usaha Wanita Budidaya Kelinci Pedaging di Desa Wargasaluyu Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Syarifudin Deden , Aji Supratignyo , Surdia Reza Martani
Published: April 2019

Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah memberikan pelatihan dan meningkatkan semangat berwirausaha budidaya kelinci bagi masyarakat prasejahtera melalui pembentukan kelompok usaha wanita. Kegiatan memberdayakan potensi masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berwirausaha mitra melalui peningkatan usaha ekonomi produktif budidaya kelinci pedaging dan pengolahan daging kelinci. Metoda yang digunakan adalah pelatihan, metoda ini dianggap paling evektif bagi mitra karena selain melakukan edukasi budidaya dan pengolahan juga dilaksanakan praktik dan pendampingan. Hasil kegiatan di respon cukup baik karena usaha budidaya tidak asing bagi mitra hanya memerlukan perubahan dari pola tradisional ke pola intensif yang lebih terukur. Adanya peningkatan pengetahuan berternak kelinci, pemeliharaan fisik kelinci dan pembuatan pakan kelinci dengan formulasi complete feed, formulasi ini tidak diputuskan karena sumber bahan baku pakan di Wargasaluyu cukup tersedia baik berupa limbah terpakai maupun sumber makanan hijauan. Pada tahap pengolahan daging kelinci masyarakat memahami dan bisa melakukan pengolahan menjadi abon, nuget, dan bakso kelinci. Selanjutnya peningkatan pengetahuan mitra dalam melakukan pembukuan dalam usaha mereka. Berdasarkan kegiatan ini disimpulkan bahwa meskipun masyarakat dianggap sulit berubah kaum wanita untuk memiliki peran dalam mengatasi ekonomi keluarga, jika menggunakan pola pelatihan yang meliputi edukasi, praktik, pendampingan dan motivasi dapat menerima transfer ilmu dengan baik tergerak untuk maju dengan pola intensif.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia melalui Pembelajaran IELTS dan TOEIC dengan Teknologi Aplikasi Android
Authors: Setyowati Luluk
Published: April 2019

Salah satu keahlian yang harus dimiliki mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan beasiswa keluar negeri dan bersaing didunia kerja adalah keahlian dalam bahasa inggris yang dibuktikan dengan sertifikat IELTS dan TOEIC. IELTS dan TOEIC adalah hal terpenting dalam mengukur kemampuan bahasa inggris seseorang secara komprehensif. Karena dengan memiliki kemampuan IELTS dan TOEIC yang baik menunjukkan kepiawaian berbahasa inggris seseorang baik berbicara, mendengar, membaca maupun menulis. Namun keahlian ini masih sangat susah dipelajari mahasiswa dimana harus fokus dengan tugas dan matakuliah yang sangat banyak dari dosen dan bahasa inggris bukannya bahasa ibu, sehingga pada saat dibutuhkan mahasiswa harus mengambil matari khusus untuk mempelajari IELTS dan TOEIC. Untuk itu maka kegiatan ini akan membantu mahasiswa belajar IELTS dan TOEIC dengan lebih mudah dan efisien, baik dalam segi waktu dan tempat, yang menggunakan media telpon genggang yang berbasis android.
Гомо- и гетероядерные архитектуры полиядерных комплексов, содержащие анионы замещенных малоновых кислот: синтетические подходы и анализ молекулярного и кристаллического строения
Authors: Бажина Е.С. , Гоголева Н.В. , Зорина-Тихонова Е.Н. , Кискин М.А. , Сидоров А.А. , Ерёменко И.Л.
Published: April 2019

Обобщены результаты исследований комплексов переходных металлов (VIVO, CoII, NiII, CuII, ZnII) с анионами замещенных малоновых кислот, которые представляют собой не только координационные полимеры, но и соединения с дискретной молекулярной структурой. Определено влияние особенностей заместителя/ей в малоновой кислоте и природы ионов металлов (щелочные, щелочноземельные и переходные) на процессы формирования молекулярных и полимерных систем, а также проведен анализ кристаллического строения недавно описанных гетерометаллических координационных полимеров.
Missed opportunities for HIV testing in people diagnosed with HIV, Estonia, 2014 to 2015
Authors: Rüütel Kristi , Lemsalu Liis , Lätt Sirly , Epštein Jevgenia ,   on behalf of OptTEST by HiE
Published: April 2019

Background

Studies of missed opportunities for earlier diagnosis of HIV have shown that patients with undiagnosed HIV often present to healthcare settings numerous times before eventually receiving their diagnosis.

Aim

The aim of the study was to assess missed opportunities for HIV testing among people newly diagnosed with HIV.

Methods

In this observational retrospective study, we collected data from the Estonian Health Board on new HIV cases in people aged 16–49 years diagnosed in 2014–15 and from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund database for treatment invoices on their contacts with healthcare services in the 2 years preceding diagnosis. Diagnoses on treatment invoices were categorised as HIV indicator conditions using ICD-10 codes.

Results

Of 538 newly diagnosed HIV cases (62.5%; 336 men), 82% had visited healthcare services at least once during the 2 years before HIV diagnosis; the mean number of visits was 9.1. Of these, 16% had been tested for HIV and 31% had at least one ICD-10 code for an HIV indicator condition on at least one of their treatment invoices. In 390 cases of HIV indicator conditions, only 5% were tested for HIV. Of all new HIV cases aged 20–49 years from high-incidence regions (defined as priority groups in national testing guidance), 18% had been tested.

Conclusions

The HIV testing rate in the 2 years before an HIV diagnosis was very low, even in the presence of an HIV indicator condition. This emphasises the importance of implementing the Estonian HIV testing guidelines.
Group A rotavirus surveillance before vaccine introduction in Italy, September 2014 to August 2017
Authors: Ianiro Giovanni , Micolano Roberto , Di Bartolo Ilaria , Scavia Gaia , Monini Marina ,   RotaNet-Italy Study Group
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children, causing ca 250,000 deaths worldwide, mainly in low-income countries. Two proteins, VP7 (glycoprotein, G genotype) and VP4 (protease-sensitive protein, P genotype), are the basis for the binary RVA nomenclature. Although 36 G types and 51 P types are presently known, most RVA infections in humans worldwide are related to five G/P combinations: G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8].

Aim

This study aimed to characterise the RVA strains circulating in Italy in the pre-vaccination era, to define the trends of circulation of genotypes in the Italian paediatric population.

Methods

Between September 2014 and August 2017, after routine screening in hospital by commercial antigen detection kit, 2,202 rotavirus-positive samples were collected in Italy from children hospitalised with AGE; the viruses were genotyped following standard European protocols.

Results

This 3-year study revealed an overall predominance of the G12P[8] genotype (544 of 2,202 cases; 24.70%), followed by G9P[8] (535/2,202; 24.30%), G1P[8] (459/2,202; 20.84%) and G4P[8] (371/2,202; 16.85%). G2P[4] and G3P[8] genotypes were detected at low rates (3.32% and 3.09%, respectively). Mixed infections accounted for 6.49% of cases (143/2,202), uncommon RVA strains for 0.41% of cases (9/2,202).

Conclusions

The emergence of G12P[8] rotavirus in Italy, as in other countries, marks this genotype as the sixth most common human genotype. Continuous surveillance of RVA strains and monitoring of circulating genotypes are important for a better understanding of rotavirus evolution and genotype distribution, particularly regarding strains that may emerge from reassortment events.
Energy-efficient Metro Train Operation Considering the Regenerative Energy: A Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming Approach
Authors: Lou Junjie , Wang Xuekai , Su Shuai , Tang Tao , Wang Yihui
Published: April 2019

With the increase of the operating mileage, a large amount of energy consumption generated by metro systems needs to be taken seriously. One of the effective ways to reduce the energy consumption is to collaboratively optimize the driving strategy and train timetable by considering the regenerative energy (RE). However, the dimensionality and computational time will increase accordingly in optimization as the number of operating trains rises. With the intention of tackling this problem by efficiently reducing dimensionality, the energy-efficient metro train operation problem is optimized in this paper by applying the discrete differential dynamic programming (DDDP) approach. Firstly, the model calculating the net energy consumption that takes into account the RE is formulated. Then, the optimization model will be transformed to a discrete decision problem by using Space-Time-Speed (STS) network methodology, and the corresponding solution will be obtained through the DDDP based algorithm. Finally, two case studies will be conducted in a metro network to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Orientación vocacional en la infancia y aspiraciones de carrera por género
Authors: Macías-González Gizelle Guadalupe , Caldera-Montes Juan Francisco , Salán-Ballesteros M. Núria
Published: April 2019

El objetivo del trabajo es identificar las áreas de estudio y los factores que toman en cuenta los infantes al registrar sus aspiraciones de carrera u ocupación. La investigación se fundamenta en las teorías contextuales y evolutivas del ciclo de vida de las personas e integra las profesiones tradicionales por género; además implementa un proyecto de investigación-acción en grupos de nivel primaria de dos escuelas de Tepatitlán, Jalisco (México). Los resultados develan que los campos del saber continúan eligiéndose de acuerdo con el género y que los más frecuentes son: ciencias de la salud, biotecnología y ciencias agrícolas, humanidades e ingenierías. Los factores de interacción con mayores registros son de nivel macro-medio y micro (entorno inmediato y próximo), donde se encuentran la familia y la escuela. La infancia es un periodo de logros vocacionales; los programas de orientación vocacional en educación básica ampliarían el panorama informativo y generarían condiciones favorables para los infantes
O uso do Google Classroom em contextos híbridos: uma análise das práticas interativas no ensino-aprendizagem de línguas
Authors: Weirich da Silva Coelho Iandra Maria
Published: April 2019

Neste estudo, investigo as possibilidades de uso da plataforma Google Classroom para potencializar as interações entre professor e estudantes em um contexto de ensino-aprendizagem de Língua Espanhola, na modalidade híbrida, que combina momentos e práticas presenciais e virtuais. O objetivo principal é identificar as funcionalidades e contribuições dos recursos disponíveis nesse ambiente para potencializar a interação, criação e compartilhamento de conhecimentos na língua-alvo, por meio do gênero fórum. Os princípios metodológicos utilizados correspondem à organização e análise dos dados e registros dos estudantes, coletados por meio dos recursos de comunicação disponíveis no ambiente virtual.  Os resultados evidenciam vantagens da plataforma para potencializar a comunicação e interação e os desafios relacionados à ausência de algumas funcionalidades específicas para a constituição de fóruns que permitam organizar os tópicos discursivos.
Si-Bidan: Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak
Authors: Kusuma Dedy Hidayat , Shodiq Mohammad Nur , Yusuf Dianni , Saadah Lailatus
Published: April 2019

Midwives are one of the health workers who provide child and maternal health (CMH) services and family planning. At present, most of the recording of midwife services is still managed conventionally by manual book keeping. It is less effective and efficient which causes the workload to increase, the information retrieval process is quite long and the risk of missing important data is likely to occur frequently. On the other hand, maternal patients are required to visit the midwife directly if they want to know the information on the progress of the pregnancy and their child. Based on these facts, a CMH information system was built that was accessible to midwives and parents. The information system developed consists of two integrated applications, namely web-based applications for midwives and mobile applications for parents. The web application facilitates midwives to record transactions, make reports, and deliver information to patients. While the mobile application makes it easier for parents to monitor the development of maternal and child health and other information provided by midwives. The system was developed using the water-fall software development model. The test results using the black-box test method indicate that the CMH system has been able to meet the user's functional requirements.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Manajemen Rekrutmen Karyawan Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching
Authors: Hery Hery , Christopher Raphael , Widjaja Andree E. , Suryasari Suryasari
Published: April 2019

Human Resources (HR) is one of the important aspects in the company, because it will manage many aspects such as technology, resources, and capital, therefore the process of hiring and allocating training is important in the company. Human Resource Departement (HRD) is responsible for recruiting new employees and developing training programs to equip employees or prospective employees. The Recruitment process consist of three steps: CV gathering, psychotest work, and interview). In PT. XYZ recruitment process is done manually,Therefore an application is required that can support the decision-making process in the employee recruitment process that can analyze the appropriate training for prospective employees. Employee recruitment applications development and allocation of employee training using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) system development methodology. For employee training allocation system with profile matching method. The Final result from this research is an application that could support HRD in recruitment process and training allocation.
EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF INTEGRATED SOLAR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT
Authors: Elmohlawy A. E. , Ochkov V. F. , Kazandzhan B. I.
Published: April 2019

Abstract: An integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) composed of a triple-pressure natural gas combined cycle and parabolic trough collector solar field is investigated in this paper. The purpose is to study and evaluate the performance of the cycle when the solar heat injected into the heat recovery steam generator of the steam cycle. Thus, a thermodynamic model of the proposed ISCC plant has been developed in Mathcad environment to simulate and analyze the cycle performance ate different seasons of the year. It has been found that the solar energy can generate steam that can be used to increase the power output of the steam cycle from 182 MWe to 237 MWe with an increase of 30% from reverence value. This can achieve an annual reduction in CO2 emission of 75000 tons/year.