bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyber Security Threats to Iran and its Countermeasures: Defensive and Offensive Cyber Strategies
Authors: Syed Qandil Abbas  , Fatima Hareem
Published: July 2024

Iran's convoluted geopolitical status, its centrality to locale-specific wars, plus the shifting balance of the global order make cyber security a key issue worldwide in addition to traditional security challenges. Iran is an appealing target for cyber enemies due to its numerous security vulnerabilities, which include ransomware infection, scams, as well as complicated malware. Iran has taken a flexible stance, via collaboration, authorized, and intellectual tactics to counter these concerns. Forming cyber security teams, utilizing the latest innovations, and hiring competent employees are all examples of efforts in cyber defense. Legislative structures are essential for bringing criminals before the law and discouraging unlawful behaviour, but the dynamic nature of cyber threats makes it difficult to update rules. The goal is to keep information security and safety measures under check. The identification and mitigation of cyber dangers necessitate collaboration with various nations, global organizations, and corporations. Iran's cyberspace involvement shapes societal sentiment and upholds the will of the people, with both advantageous and hazardous repercussions. To bolster its application and balance its powerful adversaries, it employs cyber assaults in conjunction with conventional asymmetrical combat strategies. What is Iran's main cyber security concerns and challenges, and how is Iran addressing as well as tackling them, is the question that this study aims to answer.
Sobre a opinião
Authors: Martínez Luciana
Published: July 2024

Kant discute a noção de opinião no âmbito da sua explicação do que significa tomar um juízo como verdadeiro. Dar uma opinião é considerar algo como verdadeiro, sem ter razões objectivas ou subjectivas para isso. Apesar de serem infundadas e, portanto, não legitimadas epistemicamente, as opiniões podem ser valiosas como parte do processo de conhecimento. Este artigo aborda o conceito de opinião, explica o valor que as opiniões têm e discute por que razão a liberdade de pensamento é importante para esse valor.
Autoetnografía de un viaje personal y conceptual: del Sharing Economy al capitalismo de plataformas
Authors: Riesgo Gómez Víctor
Published: July 2024

El texto que se presenta a continuación surge en respuesta a la iniciativa de intentar explicar, desde una perspectiva personal, alguno de los aspectos importantes que influyen el proceso de producción de una tesis doctoral. Sirviéndome del genero de la autoetnografía para su redacción, se explican algunos de los cambios experimentados, tanto a nivel personal como desde un punto de vista conceptual, a lo largo del propio transcurso de la investigación que da lugar en último término a la tesis doctoral. Esto se hace desde la mirada privilegiada que otorga el paso del tiempo, así como el cumplimiento de alguno de los objetivos que inicialmente ni siquiera se contemplaban como factibles. Aunque no se mencionan con nombre y apellidos, este es un proceso en el que influyen una gran cantidad de personas, desde profesores y profesoras que son también amigos y amigas en la actualidad, hasta compañeros y compañeras de las que se va aprendiendo por el camino, además de los apoyos de fuera de la academia que resultan fundamentales. Es por ello por lo que se puede considerar que la tesis es un proceso social que se encarna de manera puntual en la persona que la firma. Un poco de todo esto es lo que se trata de explicar en las siguientes líneas.
Task-Based Language Teaching
Authors: Park Chanyoung
Published: July 2024

Task-Based Language Teaching by Daniel O. Jackson is part of the Cambridge Elements series published by Cambridge University Press in 2022. This book adopts a cognitive-interactionist stance on language learning, and serves as a guide to task-based language teaching (TBLT) for language instructors, teacher educators, and other interested parties. In response to a lack of practical guidance, Jackson, currently a professor at Kanda University of International Studies in Japan, seeks to broaden TBLT’s accessibility to more teachers. Therefore, the book orients readers to main concepts and issues in TBLT, serving as a reference for practitioners aspiring to provide opportunities for meaningful and engaging communication conducive to acquiring a target language through comprehensible input, feedback, and modified output.
Role of digital education through smartphones in improving knowledge among asthma patients: A preliminary study
Authors: Pohan Indah TS. , Tarigan Amira P. , Pandia Pandiaman , Mutiara Erna
Published: July 2024

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder and is among the top ten causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, highlighting the need for effective management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate changes in asthma knowledge levels before and after using the "Paru Sehat" smartphone application for digital education. A quasi-experimental study using a pre- and post-test design was conducted over three months at the outpatient clinic of Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, among asthma patients aged over 18 years. The patients completed the Patient Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (PAKQ) before installing the "Paru Sehat" application to establish baseline knowledge. Once a week, patients received reminders to access materials covering an asthma overview, peak flow meter use, medication differences, and management techniques. After four weeks of intervention, the participants' knowledge was reassessed using the PAKQ. Data were analyzed using either paired Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test to assess the improvement in knowledge. The results showed increases in knowledge about asthma in general, asthma triggers, and asthma diagnosis domains, with the median score in each domain rising by one point (p=0.003, p=0.001, and p=0.002, respectively). The asthma management domain exhibited the largest change, with a median increase of two points (p<0.001). The total scores increased by an average of five points (p<0.001), indicating an overall improvement in patient knowledge about asthma. The "Paru Sehat" application demonstrated significant potential in enhancing asthma knowledge across multiple domains. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effectiveness of the application in diverse populations and settings, ultimately contributing to improved asthma management and patient outcomes.
MEMBUDAYAKAN LITERASI PADA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN MELALUI MENDONGENG
Authors: Fajariah Nurul , Hendra Hendra , Muslim Muslim , Lukman Lukman
Published: July 2024

Literasi pada usia dini adalah fondasi penting dalam perkembangan anak, memainkan peran kunci dalam membentuk keterampilan bahasa, imajinasi, dan pemahaman dunia. Mendongeng telah diakui secara luas sebagai sarana yang efektif dalam membudayakan literasi pada anak usia prasekolah. Artikel ini menyelidiki efektivitas dan manfaat mendongeng dalam memperkaya kemampuan literasi anak usia 5-6 tahun. Dengan mengeksplorasi teori-teori psikologis dan penelitian terkait, kita dapat memahami bagaimana mendongeng memengaruhi perkembangan kognitif dan bahasa anak-anak. Selain itu, artikel ini juga membahas strategi praktis bagi orang tua, guru, dan pengasuh dalam memanfaatkan mendongeng secara efektif untuk memperkaya pengalaman literasi anak. Diharapkan hasil dari penelitian ini dapat memberikan wawasan yang berharga bagi pembaca tentang pentingnya mendongeng sebagai alat penting dalam membudayakan literasi pada anak usia prasekolah.
Impact of Overseas Development Assistance on Economic Growth in Nigeria (1981-2021)
Authors: O. A. Peace , A. M. Asheikh
Published: July 2024

Nigeria currently has the largest economy in Africa with a GDP of $477.38 billion (Michael, 2023). However, the country’s great fortune, which is majorly driven by petroleum exports, has not successfully translated into a sustained economic development, as the nation continues to endure widespread poverty and income inequality for decades due to many contributing factors, including rapid population growth, low standard of education, and corruption. Consequently, Nigeria has looked to Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) as one of many means to address its economic problems, and this ODA phenomenon has raised debates among scholars with regards to its positive or negative impact, and the significance of such impact on the Nigerian Economy. This study investigated the amount of ODA received by Nigeria for the period 1981-2021, and the changes that such assistance has effected on the GDP of the nation. The study examined the empirical research by other scholars, for the same study, under a spectrum of economic, geographic and political climates. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Cointegration Test and the Granger Causality test were adopted for this study, and the results revealed that ODA impacted Nigeria’s GDP significantly and positively in the period of study. This study therefore recommends that the Federal Government of Nigeria, as well as other stakeholders, should pursue and maintain more favourable relationships with the international multilateral and bilateral donors, in order to boost economic growth in Nigeria.
Analysis of the Experiential Metafunction in the Lyrics of Bob Marley’s “Redemption Song”
Authors: K. S. Blessing
Published: July 2024

This study employs a qualitative content analysis method to explore the experiential metafunction within the lyrics of Bob Marley's "Redemption Song." The methodology comprises acquiring the song lyrics from credible sources and scrutinizing them to identify the processes, participants, and circumstances depicted within the composition. The analytical approach focuses on understanding how these elements contribute to the narrative and thematic depth of the song. Through the analysis, several key findings emerge: Participant 1 varies between personal pronouns, groups, and abstract entities, representing different facets of the narrative and thematic elements. Material processes predominate, highlighting the tangible struggle for freedom depicted in the song. Participant 2 encompasses various entities affected by the actions of Participant 1, showcasing the multifaceted nature of the struggle for liberation. Circumstances provide additional details about the actions, contextualizing them within specific timeframes, locations, mannerisms, and motivations. This analysis offers a comprehensive understanding of how Bob Marley utilized language to construct a powerful and impactful message of redemption and empowerment in his iconic song. By investigating into the experiential metafunction, this study sheds light on the intricacies of Marley's lyrical style and the enduring relevance of his music in addressing social and spiritual liberation.
Blast from the past. It is possible to diagnose a myocardial infarction without testing from serum troponin
Authors: Kashquosh Yazid ,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel., Atwan Hesham , Mildiner Sorcha , Malnick Stephen ,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.,   Department of Internal Medicine C, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Published: July 2024

The diagnosis of acute myocardium infection is typically that of anginal type chest pain accompanied by ECG changes and an increase in serum troponin levels. However, there are often atypical presentations, especially in women. We present a case of a middle-aged woman with severe prolonged vomiting in whom the diagnosis of myocardial function was not made at the initial presentation.
Infrequent spontaneous fundus lesions in a Macaca fascicularis cohort from southern China: A case-series study
Authors: Pan Lijie ,   Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China., Wang Ningli , Liu Wei , Huang Zhiwei , Zhuo Yehong , Wu Jian ,   Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.,   Guangzhou Huazhen Biosciences, Guangzhou 510900, China.,   Guangzhou Huazhen Biosciences, Guangzhou 510900, China.,   State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.,   Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Non-Human Primates (NHPs) are suitable for studying human visual biology and ocular diseases since they share almost identical anatomic structure and biological function. From this eye study of a NHP cohort, some infrequent fundus lesions were shown and ideal animal models were provided for further exploration on pathogenesis and potential treatments of these diseases.
Literature review of the relationship between secondary caries and the restoration gap size
Authors: Kharib Azheen Mohamad Mohamad ,   Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry (MedOralRes Group), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain.
Published: July 2024

Objective: To assess the effect that the size of the gap between the tooth and composite interfaces plays in the growth of the secondary carious lesion.
Trichoscopic features in scalp dermatomyositis
Authors: Lahouel M ,   Dermatology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, University of Sousse, Tunisie.
Published: July 2024

Scalp involvement in Dermatomyositis (DM) represents a diagnostic challenge. Its clinical presentation is often atypical, and can be observed in other collagenosis. In this report, we outline the trichoscopic signs of two cases of DM of the Scalp (SDM).
Delayed Compartment syndrome after total knee replacement: A case report with short review
Authors: iu Yuk Chuen S ,   Department of O&T, North District Hospital, 9, Po Kin Road, Sheungshui, Hong Kong.
Published: July 2024

Purpose: We would like to report a case which developed delay anterior thigh compartment syndrome after total knee replacement surgery and review the underlying risk factors. Method: A 67years old lady was suffered from delay thigh anterior compartment syndrome 4 days after total knee replacement surgery. Urgent fasciotomy was performed. Later work up showed a large intramuscular haematoma within the anterior compartment which required drainage. Discussion: Short review was performed to identify the risk factors for developing compartment syndrome after total knee replacement surgery. Management strategy and prognosis was also discussed. Conclusion: Compartment syndrome should be diagnosed and treated promptly. Patient with underlying risk factors must be identified and with close monitoring of this rare complication in post-operative period.
Christmas tree bladder in chronic urinary tract stenosis
Authors: Takeshi Kasuga ,   Nerima Hikarigaoka Hospital, Japan.
Published: July 2024

A 74-year-old man presented to the hospital with a chief complaint of anorexia and malaise, which appeared 1 month earlier and had gradually worsened. He had no contributive medical history or medications of note. Blood tests revealed acute renal failure, which was suspected to be caused by urinary retention due to a prostate tumor. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at the time of examination are shown in Figure 1. The patient urinated promptly after insertion of a urethral catheter. We suspected benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as the etiology of urinary retention. Imaging showed that the prostate protruded toward the bladder, and BPH or prostatic malignancy was suspected as the cause, which will be investigated further. A marked medial meatus formation was seen on the bladder, suggesting chronic urinary retention, and imaging studies showed a Christmas tree-like bladder. After lifting the urinary retention, a rapid general improvement inthe patient’s condition was observed.
Symptomatic vallecular cyst
Authors: Doulhousne Hassan ,   Department of Radiology, Avicenne Military University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco.
Published: July 2024

We report the case of a 32-year-old man suffering from a progressive dysphagia 4 months ago, who was seen in an ENT consultation and whose endoscopic examination showed a large shiny formation at the base of the tongue, considerably reducing the pharyngeal lumen. Cervical computed tomography (CT) showed a homogeneous cystic formation filling the vallecula and pushing down the epiglottis. The patient was diagnosed with vallecular cyst (Figure 1). The treatment was endoscopic, with marsupialization of the cyst after aspiration of its contents.
Schwannoma of the pterygopalatine fossa: Transfacial approach and maxillary swing technique
Authors: García-Serrano uillermo ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Published: July 2024

The pterygopalatine fossa is a complex anatomic space related to the skull base. Primary and secondary tumors can be located in this area. The approach to this space can be challenging due to its anatomy and neurovascular relations. The aim of this paper is to describe systematically the maxillary swing technique used in the resection of a V2 Schwannoma located in the right pterygopalatine fossa. With this report we want to highlight that this classic approach should we considered in the management of Deep facial spaces when endoscopic approach cannot be performed.
Mucorales-associated osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent child
Authors: Tekkeli Niran ,   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Turkey.
Published: July 2024

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic, aggressive, luckily rare fungal infection that most commonly causes pulmonary, sinoorbital, gastrointestinal, and skin disease [1]. Its incidence is 1.5% among invasive fungal infections [2]. But, the mortality from mucormycosis is significantly high (>30-50%), with disseminated disease accounting for 90% of deaths. Patients with localized cutaneous disease have a much lower mortality rate while it is still significant (10-30%) [3]. Although diabetic ketoacidosis and immunodeficiency are wellknown risk factors for the infection, cases of Cutaneous Mucormycosis (CM) in previously healthy subjects secondary to trauma have been reported [4]. Following inoculation of the fungus into the skin, the infection can progress to the subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and bone. Osteoarticular Mucormycosis (OAM) is extremely rare. Even so, if not diagnosed and treated promptly, it can have serious consequences, including amputation of extremities and death. Herein, we describe a rare instance of mucorales-associated osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent child who survived amputation with the combination of antifungal therapy and surgery.
An unusual localization of an Abrikossoff tumor
Authors: Mejjat Kaoutar ,   Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco.
Published: July 2024

Abrikossoff’s tumor, also known as Granular Cell Tumor (GCT), is a rare benign neoplasm commonly found in the cervicofacial region, particularly the oral cavity. Here, we present a case of GCT occurring in an atypical location on the left flank of a 43-year-old patient. The lesion presented as an erythematous ovoid nodule with central ulceration, accompanied by white structures and polymorphic vascularization on dermoscopy. Initially considered as Darrier-Ferrand’s dermatofibrosarcoma, histopathological examination of a cutaneous biopsy revealed granular cells and eosinophils in the dermis, suggestive of GCT. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis, expressing S100 protein and CD68. Complete surgical excision with safety margins was performed, with no recurrence observed after 1 year of follow-up. This case highlights the importance of considering GCT in the differential diagnosis of flank lesions and emphasizes the need for clinicians to remain vigilant for uncommon presentations of this rare tumor.
Extra nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: A deviant clinical presentation of angiofibroma
Authors: Ouseph Sheelia ,   Department of ENT, AIIMS, Patna, India.
Published: July 2024

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign vascular locally aggressive lesion that arises from a hamartomatous nidus, with nasopharynx being the most common and earliest site of presentation. However deviance to such presentation have been reported although rare, such as turbinates, nasal septum and retroantral space. Classical nasopharyngeal angiofibroma routinely presents with chief complaints of nasal obstruction and characteristic painless, recurrent and spontaneous epistaxis with choanal banking effect. Our case depicts the unique and rare presentation of angiofibroma as a progressive cheek swelling in an adolescent male without any nasal symptoms. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed a normal bilateral nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) of PNS and face aided the diagnosis. Complete surgical clearance was achieved post embolization via maxillary swing approach. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology. Extra nasopharyngeal angiofibroma may be a rare entity however must be considered as a differential diagnosis in vascular skull base tumours.
A cardiac presentation of Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome
Authors: G Scopetani ,   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Published: July 2024

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition, who is characterized by numerous venous malformations in the skin and viscera, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. The exact etiology of this syndrome is unknown, but on a molecular level, the elevated expression of c-kit has been demonstrated [1]. Cardiac involvement is not described in the literature.
The relationship between job satisfaction, work stress, workfamily conflict, and turnover intention among physicians in Pakistan: The mediating role of patient satisfaction
Authors: Ejaz Bushra ,   Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to inspect the turnover intention of physicians in Pakistan after the recent reforms and to explore the relationship between turnover intention and job satisfaction, work stress and work-family conflict. Design/Methodology: The data collected from the public Hospital in Lahore are used to test the relationship among turnover intention and job satisfaction, work stress and work-family conflict. The data collected in this study was analyzed by using SPSS.
Case report: Klebsiella oxytoca aortitis
Authors: Krisht Abed Al Hadi ,   Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Gabriel Montpied, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Published: July 2024

Background: Aortitis is the inflammation of the aorta wall secondary to infectious and non-infectious etiologies. It is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition.
Unilateral papilledema revealing a large right carotid ophthalmic aneurysm: Report of a case
Authors: Boujaada Anass ,   Ophtalmology “B” Department, Specialties Hospital IBN SINA Hospital University Center, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: July 2024

A routine optalmological examination allowed the discovery of a significant underlying pathology: a right expanding carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm in a highly myopic woman aged 36.
Off-label use of therapeutic plasma-exchange in postasymptomatic covid-19 autoimmune encephalopathy
Authors: Petrungaro Annamaria ,   Department of Service, University Hospital G. Martino of Messina, Italy.
Published: July 2024

Hypertensive tetraventricular hydrocephalus in association with polyradiculoneuritis and leptomeningitis in patients are very unusual conditions that can be related to viral infections. We report the case of a patient with severe post-covid 19 encephalopathy who underwent Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) as an “off-label” use.
Gender segregation in the labor market in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mekebayeva M. , Boltayeva S.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the research is to conduct a literary review of studies related to the gender division in the economy and occupational segregation in labor relations, to identify the determinants of the gender gap in the labor market and to assess the level of discrimination against women in Kazakhstan.

   The article reflects the main problems of the formation and development of the gender economy, including the methodology of gender segregation in the labor market. The main theoretical concepts of gender economics used in the research of foreign and modern Kazakh economists are identifi ed.

   Methodology – methods of historical analysis, factological (statistical) analysis and forecasting.

   Originality / value of the research is to identify the problems of modern gender segregation in the labor market of Kazakhstan through a review of research related to gender inequality in the labor market.

   Findings – a review of the literature showed that there are diff erent concepts of gender segregation in the labor market. Most of the research is aimed at solving applied problems of the gender economy of Kazakhstan, in addition, methodological tools developed by foreign economists are not adapted to the study of Kazakh reality. Most of the studies on gender discrimination in the labor market, especially in Kazakhstan, are of a practical nature. In addition, the interest of many authors in this problem manifests itself sporadically, that is, they do not present the results of systematic research.
Capital structure, profitability and risk: a study of small companies in the industrial sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kokeyeva S. E. , Adambekova A. A.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study: Determining the impact of the capital structure on small companies’ performance operating in the field of industry in Kazakhstan.

   The problem statement. The question to be analyzed in this study is: does the capital structure aff ect the performance of small Kazakhstani companies operating in the industrial sector?

   Methodology: In this study, we use data from 30 small industry companies in Kazakhstan based on annual reports for 2012-2022. The total debt ratio is the dependent variable used in this study. Profi tability, business risk, tax efficiency and age of the company were taken as independent variables. Statistics, correlation and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data.

   Originality/value of the study: The results showed that borrowed capital is subject to factors of profi tability, tax burden, and business risk. There was no signifi cant impact of the age of the company on the borrowed capital.

   Relevance: This study complements the literature on capital structure factors in developing countries and the financial condition of small industrial enterprises. This research will be aimed at exploring the potential use of borrowed capital to increase the profi tability of the company to reduce business risks.
Trade and economic cooperation between Kazakhstan and Russia: modern state and prospects
Authors: Baktiarova A. Zh. , Yelshibayev R. K. , Zhangalieva R. U.
Published: July 2024

Purpose – determination of the signifi cance, assessment of the current state and prospects for the development of trade and economic relations between the states of Kazakhstan and Russia.

   Methodology – the theoretical and methodological basis of the study are system assessments, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, economic-statistical and comparative analysis, as well as SWOT analysis methods that determine the strategic importance of trade and economic cooperation between the two countries.

   Originality / value – research has been conducted on the signifi cance, current state and prospects of trade and economic relations between Kazakhstan and Russia in the context of geopolitical and integration processes. The strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of cooperation between the two countries are analyzed, and the strategic direction of development is determined. Reserves and directions for increasing the efficiency of development of trade and economic cooperation were also presented.

   Findings – as a result of a comprehensive analysis of trade and economic relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, an objective assessment of the current situation was given and development prospects were determined. Directions for the development of cooperation between the two countries in the areas of technology improvement have been identified. The issues of expanding trade relations within the Eurasian Economic Union, rational use of the potential of the import and export market were specified.
The impact of China’s direct investment on energy industry development in Kazakhstan
Authors: Tumatay G. , Gu J. , Zhantore U.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the research is to study the impact of China’s direct investment on Kazakhstan's Energy industry, it enables them to fi gure out what type of Energy sources need more investment, and the demand level on the Energy services, which require for investigating the feasibility behind investing in Energy industry in Kazakhstan.

   Research methodology - a regression model of the impact of China’s direct investment on Kazakhstan's Energy industry is established to study the impact of Chinese direct investment on Kazakhstan's Energy industry from four variables: net foreign direct investment in Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan's GDP, China's direct investment in Kazakhstan, and China's direct investment in Kazakhstan's Energy industry.

   Original / value of the research – China's direct investment in Kazakhstan's Energy industry, compared with other factors, can have a more important impact on Kazakhstan's Energy industry, so Kazakhstan can through cooperation with foreign capital, especially China’s capital, the establishment of joint ventures, to improve the current situation in Kazakhstan's Energy industry bad development.

   Findings. The results show that the impact of net FDI in Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan's GDP, China's direct investment in Kazakhstan, and China's direct investment in Kazakhstan's Energy industry on Kazakhstan's Energy development is signifi cant and positively related.
«Digital nomads» in the modern labor market
Authors: Rakhmetulina Zh. B. , Suleimenova A. O. , Abylaikhanova T. A.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the research: Analyze the economic situation of digital nomads, their infl uence on the labor market, taking into account that they differ in dynamism of geographic mobility. To study the problems of non-traditional employment in the context of digitalization of the economy.

   Methodology: The paper uses a comparative analysis between digital nomads, freelancers and self-employed citizens, which showed that they form overlapping sets with such common feature as remote non-standard employment. Study of digital nomads involves the use of a non-ethnographic approach, including methods such as online immersive interaction, content analysis of websites, forums, blogs, etc.

   Originality/value of the research: Despite many publications, there are still a number of diffi culties in studying the phenomenon of digital nomads. The article discusses defi nition of digital nomads, their essential characteristics, differences from self-employed citizens and freelancers. The article proves an important role of digital nomads in the modern labor market, who provide information, technological, managerial support, and various types of services.

   Findings: Increase in level of the population mobility stimulated emergence of a new form of employment on the labor market. Digital nomads are distinguished by a high level of education and professional training; considerable freedom in choosing the production sphere and provision of services in the fi eld of intangible production. In post-covid conditions, digital nomads can contribute to replacement of lost workers.
Streamflow prediction tool - user manual
Authors: Shrestha Manish
Published: July 2024

The Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region faces water disasters due to fragile rock formations, steep slopes, and seasonal heavy rains. These vulnerabilities are worsened by inadequate risk communication. Climate change exacerbates extreme weather events, underscoring the need for enhanced flood warning systems. To address these challenges, ICIMOD, BYU, and NASA developed the Streamflow Prediction Tool (SPT). The SPT produces a 10-day ensemble streamflow forecast. The forecast ensemble contains 51 members corresponding to each member of the runoff ensemble with three-hour temporal resolution and one 52nd deterministic runoff forecast from HTESSEL with a higher 1-hour temporal resolution. The system covers most of the larger rivers of the HKH region. This tutorial uses the SPT-Nepal web application as an example for describing the interface and interpretation of results.
Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Unveiling advances in diagnosis and management
Authors: Dey Treshita , Yadav Budhi Singh
Published: July 2024

The review article by Pavlidis et al published in World J Clin Oncol provides a meticulous analysis of the intricacies surrounding anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Thyroid carcinoma encompasses a spectrum of diseases, each characterized by distinct behaviors and outcomes. Diagnostic approaches encompass a diverse array of tools. Surgery remains the pivotal treatment for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy offer the best overall survival in aggressive disease. Combinations of immunotherapy with targeted therapies, such as dabrafenib-trametinib, demonstrate potential for enhanced effectiveness and improved survival outcomes. Multifaceted approach fuelled by precision medicine and interdisciplinary collaboration is imperative in charting a course toward improved outcomes in this formidable malignancy.
Low testing rates and high BRCA prevalence: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor use in Middle East BRCA/homologous recombination deficiency-positive cancer patients
Authors: Syed Naveed , Chintakuntlawar Ashish Vittalrao , Vilasini Deepti , Al Salami Aisha Mohamed , Al Hasan Riad , Afrooz Imrana , Uttam Chandani Kanishka , Chandani Ashok Uttam , Chehal Aref
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are approved as first-line therapies for breast cancer gene (BRCA )-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. They are also effective for new and recurrent ovarian cancers that are BRCA - or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-positive. However, data on these mutations and PARPi use in the Middle East are limited.

AIM

To assess BRCA /HRD prevalence and PARPi use in patients in the Middle East with breast/ovarian cancer.

METHODS

This was a single-center retrospective study of 57 of 472 breast cancer patients tested for BRCA mutations, and 25 of 65 ovarian cancer patients tested for HRD. These adult patients participated in at least four visits to the oncology service at our center between August 2021 and May 2023. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and compared using counts and percentages. Response to treatment was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria.

RESULTS

Among the 472 breast cancer patients, 12.1% underwent BRCA testing, and 38.5% of 65 ovarian cancer patients received HRD testing. Pathogenic mutations were found in 25.6% of the tested patients: 26.3% breast cancers had germline BRCA (gBRCA ) mutations and 24.0% ovarian cancers showed HRD. Notably, 40.0% of gBRCA -positive breast cancers and 66.0% of HRD-positive ovarian cancers were Middle Eastern and Asian patients, respectively. PARPi treatment was used in 5 (33.3%) gBRCA -positive breast cancer patients as first-line therapy (n = 1; 7-months progression-free), for maintenance (n = 2; > 15-months progression-free), or at later stages due to compliance issues (n = 2). Four patients (66.6%) with HRD-positive ovarian cancer received PARPi and all remained progression-free.

CONCLUSION

Lower testing rates but higher BRCA mutations in breast cancer were found. Ethnicity reflected United Arab Emirates demographics, with breast cancer in Middle Eastern and ovarian cancer in Asian patients.
Bibliometric analysis of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 expression in breast cancer and its distinct upregulation in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Chen Jing-Yu , Li Jian-Di , He Rong-Quan , Huang Zhi-Guang , Chen Gang , Zou Wen
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) has been identified as a possible biomarker for breast cancer (BC) and may play a role in the development and advancement of triple-negative BC (TNBC).

AIM

To explore the PGK1 and BC research status and PGK1 expression and mechanism differences among TNBC, non-TNBC, and normal breast tissue.

METHODS

PGK1 and BC related literature was downloaded from Web of Science Core Collection Core Collection. Publication counts, key-word frequency, cooperation networks, and theme trends were analyzed. Normal breast, TNBC, and non-TNBC mRNA data were gathered, and differentially expressed genes obtained. Area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity of PGK1 expression were determined. Kaplan Meier revealed PGK1’s prognostic implication. PGK1 co-expressed genes were explored, and Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Disease Ontology applied. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed. Hub genes identified.

RESULTS

PGK1 and BC related publications have surged since 2020, with China leading the way. The most frequent keyword was “Expression”. Collaborative networks were found among co-citations, countries, institutions, and authors. PGK1 expression and BC progression were research hotspots, and PGK1 expression and BC survival were research frontiers. In 16 TNBC vs non-cancerous breast and 15 TNBC vs non-TNBC datasets, PGK1 mRNA levels were higher in 1159 TNBC than 1205 non-cancerous breast cases [standardized mean differences (SMD): 0.85, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.54-1.16, I ² = 86%, P < 0.001]. PGK1 expression was higher in 1520 TNBC than 7072 non-TNBC cases (SMD: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.03-0.47, I ² = 91%, P = 0.02). Recurrence free survival was lower in PGK1-high-expression than PGK1-low-expression group (hazard ratio: 1.282, P = 0.023). PGK1 co-expressed genes were concentrated in ATP metabolic process, HIF-1 signaling, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways.

CONCLUSION

PGK1 expression is a research hotspot and frontier direction in the BC field. PGK1 may play a strong role in promoting cancer in TNBC by mediating metabolism and HIF-1 signaling pathways.
Prima l'epatite autoimmune e poi la MICI... dopo tanto tempo
Authors: Izzo Benito Pio , Mainetti Martina , Aprile Maria Rosaria , Foschi Francesco , Buzzi Andrea , Marchetti Federico
Published: July 2024

The authors describe the case of a girl with IBD that manifested 10 years after the diagnosis of seronegative hepatitis.
Glucocorticoidi intrarticolari nel trattamento del dolore da sublussazione d'anca in bambini con difetto cognitivo
Authors: Boaretto Silvia , Benvenuto Simone , Carbone Marco , Barbi Egidio
Published: July 2024

The Authors report data from a study demonstrating the utility of intra-articular corticosteroids in treating pain from hip dysplasia in disabled children.
Treatment of universal hyperpathy and pain threshold control
Authors: J. C. Jiménez-Sáez
Published: July 2024

This article presents a disease fundamentally characterized by an alteration of the pain threshold. In this disease, the pain threshold can change and, in general, is lower, so pain is perceived before. The cause of the decrease is a continuous pressure stimulus of intensity above or close to the threshold that persists over time. The duration to reduce the threshold will depend on the degree of intensity: It will be longer if it is of lower intensity. In the absence of medication, the decrease in threshold is characterized by a sensation of electrical pain followed by allodynia, hyperalgesia, and dysesthesia in the affected area. The level of pain tolerance in that area drops, so the patient cannot support that area. The disease becomes completely disabling. The patient was diagnosed with universal hyperpathy; in fact, the decrease in the threshold can affect both somatic and visceral pain. Although the disease itself would have a minimum level of incidence worldwide, since the probability of survival of individuals is small, the content presented here is useful for the treatment of hyperpathy and the control of the pain threshold. Carbamazepine and topiramate turn out to be two medications that allow modulation of the threshold. Performing aerobic exercise is also essential. Furthermore, it is necessary to control the stimuli of the afferent pathways at all times, both in duration and intensity.
The role of blockchain in auditing processes: A review and future perspectives
Authors: Maxwell Nana Ameyaw  , Courage Idemudia  , Toluwalase Vanessa Iyelolu
Published: July 2024

This review paper critically examines the transformative impact of blockchain technology on auditing processes. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, it elucidates how blockchain can enhance audit quality, mitigate fraud, ensure data veracity, and navigate the complex landscape of regulatory compliance and ethical considerations. The review highlights the early stages of blockchain adoption in auditing and the evolving nature of the technology, emphasizing the need for further empirical research and case studies. It also underscores the importance of regulators, auditors, and technology experts collaborating to develop comprehensive guidelines and standards for responsible blockchain integration. The paper contributes to the academic discourse by bridging the gap between traditional auditing methodologies and the emerging blockchain paradigm, offering valuable insights for auditors, regulatory bodies, policymakers, and organizations.
Building Antifragile Businesses In The Republic Of Moldova: Leveraging Disorder For Growth
Authors: Ivașcenco Iulia
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the concept of antifragility, as proposed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb, in the context of business management within the Republic of Moldova. The study delves into the potential benefits of businesses adopting an antifragile approach in an environment characterized by substantial economic and political volatility. It employs a qualitative research method to examine Moldova's economic, political, and social climate, highlighting the potential for businesses to thrive amidst disorder. The paper investigates the principles of antifragility and their application to businesses, contrasting them with the traditional notions of robustness and resilience. It further identifies specific strategies that could enable businesses in Moldova to adopt an antifragile approach, such as diversification, innovation, agility, and network-building. The study also presents real-world examples of Moldovan businesses that have successfully leveraged disorder for growth. It compares them with businesses that have failed to cope with volatility, emphasizing the differences in their strategic approaches. Moreover, it discusses potential challenges and limitations associated with implementing antifragile strategies in the Moldovan context, exploring how businesses might need to balance antifragility with other business objectives. The paper concludes by outlining areas for future research on antifragility in businesses, particularly within Moldova. The findings of this study emphasize the potential benefits of developing antifragile businesses in Moldova and contribute to the growing body of literature on antifragility in business management.
Project Risk Management Through Pmbok
Authors: Șavga Ghenadie , Șavga Larisa , Gheorghe Țurcanu
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the importance of risk management for the success of projects and organizations, respectively. Project complexity, technological uncertainty, product innovation, cadence, or progress monitoring are all ways that affect project risk. Therefore, project risk management is a crucial component of the contemporary project management approach and a critical instrument for efficient project planning and control. Risk management is defined as a collection of procedures that guarantee the recognition, assessment, and response to risks that have materialized and, collectively, it assures the project will proceed as anticipated. The contemporary evolution of the business environment increases the level of uncertainty of companies, but also of their internal processes, especially of the internal and external environment of projects. Amplifying business risks is determined by high levels of innovation, new technology, commercial arrangements, interfaces, or other external dependencies. In this increasingly dynamic organizational context, there is an orientation of projects from predictable to incremental ones. In the same way, the reduction and share of risks take place through the increasingly intense involvement of stakeholders, including their participation in the project teams. The analysis of the evolution of the content of the project risk management is presented by the comparative-evolutionary analysis of this topic in more advanced editions of Project Management Body of Knowledge and other methodologies, which are known and used internationally. Project risk management process analysis has made it possible to generalize some ways to enhance this area.
Social Infrastructure - Factor Of Sustainable Development And Inclusive Growth In The Republic Of Moldova
Authors: Balan Aliona , Gutium Tatiana
Published: July 2024

Social infrastructure is the foundation of a sustainable and equitable society, providing the essential services needed to support the well-being and sustainable development of the population. From education and healthcare to transport and community spaces, a developed social infrastructure is essential to promoting wellbeing, inclusion and economic growth. However, as societies evolve and face new challenges, continuous improvement and increased investment in these critical systems becomes imperative. This article analyzes various measures that can be taken to improve the social infrastructure in the Republic of Moldova, ensuring a better quality of life for its citizens. In addition, the article emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts between governments, businesses, and civil society to design, finance, and maintain effective social infrastructure systems.
Digital Skills Development - A Key Objective Of The European Union Member States
Authors: Coban Marina , Capațina Valentina
Published: July 2024

The digital skills nowadays are very important and necessary in many fields of the activity. The Digital skills required in the workplace is one of the method to drive innovation and stay competitive. Developing digital skills is an objective key of the members of EU countries. The Digital Skills Indicator is a tool that monitors Member States' performance in achieving competence targets. This paper analyzes the degree of attainment of basic digital skills in the EU Member States ("low", "narrow" and "limited" digital skills level). The influence of demographic factors on the levels of digital skills is analyzed and the gap between rural and urban areas regarding the population’s digital skills is presented. The importance of digital skills is emphasized both for increasing competitiveness in the labor market and for adopting digital solutions in business.
Wealth And Power: Historical And Economic Significance Of Diamonds In Global Trade
Authors: Yaneva Mariya
Published: July 2024

Diamonds are one of the most popular and extensively studied precious metals on a global scale. They find wide application in numerous sectors of production and trade. The subject of scientific investigation is diamonds, as one of the most ancient precious metals, a source of wealth and power. The focus of the research is the historical and economic significance of diamonds in global trade. The goal is to explore the place and role of diamonds in the global economy.