bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
О минимуме случайного блуждания, сосредоточенного на неотрицательной полуоси
Authors: Vatutin Vladimir Alekseevich , Dyakonova Elena Evgen'evna
Published: August 2024

Пусть \begin{equation*} S_{0}=0,\qquad S_{n}=X_{1}+…+X_{n},\quad n\geqslant 1, \end{equation*} - случайное блуждание, приращения которого принадлежат (без центрирования) области притяжения устойчивого распределения, а $a_{n}$ - нормирующие константы, обеспечивающие сходимость при $n\to\infty$ распределений последовательности $\{S_{n}/a_{n}, n=1,2,…\}$ к этому устойчивому распределению. Пусть $L_{r,n}=\min_{r\leqslant m\leqslant n}S_{m}$ - минимум случайного блуждания на интервале $[r,n]$. Показано, что в зависимости от соотношений между параметрами $r$, $k$ и $n$ предел \begin{equation*} \lim_{n,r,k\rightarrow \infty }\mathbf{P}( L_{r,n}\leqslant ya_{k}\mid S_{n}\leqslant ta_{k},L_{0,n}\geqslant 0), \quad t\in(0,\infty), \end{equation*} может иметь пять различных выражений.
Exploring the genetic basis of childhood monogenic diabetes
Authors: Sanyal Debmalya
Published: August 2024

Monogenic diabetes is caused by one or even more genetic variations, which may be uncommon yet have a significant influence and cause diabetes at an early age. Monogenic diabetes affects 1% to 5% of children, and early detection and genetically focused treatment of neonatal diabetes and maturity-onset diabetes of the young can significantly improve long-term health and well-being. The etiology of monogenic diabetes in childhood is primarily attributed to genetic variations affecting the regulatory genes responsible for beta-cell activity. In rare instances, mutations leading to severe insulin resistance can also result in the development of diabetes. Individuals diagnosed with specific types of monogenic diabetes, which are commonly found, can transition from insulin therapy to sulfonylureas, provided they maintain consistent regulation of their blood glucose levels. Scientists have successfully devised materials and methodologies to distinguish individuals with type 1 or 2 diabetes from those more prone to monogenic diabetes. Genetic screening with appropriate findings and interpretations is essential to establish a prognosis and to guide the choice of therapies and management of these interrelated ailments. This review aims to design a comprehensive literature summarizing genetic insights into monogenetic diabetes in children and adolescents as well as summarizing their diagnosis and management.
Macrophage modulation with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: A new frontier for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy?
Authors: Mohammadi Saeed , Al-Harrasi Ahmed
Published: August 2024

This editorial introduces the potential of targeting macrophage function for diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) treatment by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Zhang et al studied teneligliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor used for diabetes management, and its potential cardioprotective effects in a diabetic mouse model. They suggested teneligliptin administration may reverse established markers of DCM, including cardiac hypertrophy and compromised function. It also inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome and reduced inflammatory cytokine production in diabetic mice. Macrophages play crucial roles in DCM pathogenesis. Chronic hyperglycemia disturbs the balance between pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages, favoring a pro-inflammatory state contributing to heart damage. Here, we highlight the potential of DPP-4 inhibitors to modulate macrophage function and promote an anti-inflammatory environment. These compounds may achieve this by elevating glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and potentially inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Further studies on teneligliptin in combination with other therapies targeting different aspects of DCM could be suggested for developing more effective treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.
Inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dynamics: Repercussions on coronary artery disease in diabetes
Authors: Tatmatsu-Rocha José Carlos , Mendes-Costa Luan Santos
Published: August 2024

Inflammatory markers and mediators that affect the development of car-diovascular diseases have been the focus of recent scientific work. Thus, the purpose of this editorial is to promote a critical debate about the article titled “Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine and inflammatory cytokines, markers, and mediators of coronary artery disease progression in diabetes”, published in the World Journal of Diabetes in 2024. This work directs us to reflect on the role of advanced glycation end products, which are pro-inflammatory products arising from the metabolism of fatty acids and sugars whose main marker in tissues is Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (NML). Recent studies have linked high levels of pro-inflammatory agents with the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukins, and C-reactive protein. These inflammatory agents increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), of which people with diabetes are known to have an increased production. The increase in ROS promotes lipid peroxidation, which causes damage to myocytes, promoting myocardial damage. Furthermore, oxidative stress induces the binding of NML to its receptor RAGE, which in turn activates the nuclear factor-kB and, conse-quently, inflammatory cytokines. These inflammatory cytokines induce endo-thelial dysfunction, with increased expression of adhesion molecules, changes in endothelial permeability and changes in the expression of nitric oxide. In this sense, the therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies (inflammatory reducers such as statins and sodium-glucose transport inhibitors) has demonstrated positive results in the regression of atherogenic plaques and consequently CAD. On the other hand, many studies have demonstrated a relationship between mito-chondrial dynamics, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. This link occurs since ROS have their origin in the imbalance in glucose metabolism that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and this imbalance can have its origin in inadequate diet as well as some pathologies. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has recently been considered a possible therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases due to its effects on mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative stress. In this sense, therapies such as PBM that act on pro-inflammatory mediators and mitochondrial modulation could benefit those with cardiovascular diseases.
Dexmedetomidine ameliorates diabetic intestinal injury by promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages through the MMP23B pathway
Authors: Lu Man , Guo Xiao-Wen , Zhang Fang-Fang , Wu Dan-Hong , Xie Di , Luo Feng-Qin
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Diabetes is often associated with gastrointestinal dysfunctions, which can lead to hypoglycemia. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a commonly used sedative in perioperative diabetic patients and may affect gastrointestinal function.

AIM

To investigate whether sedative doses of DEX alleviate diabetes-caused intestinal dysfunction.

METHODS

Sedation/anesthesia scores and vital signs of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice under DEX sedation were observed. Diabetic mice were divided into saline and DEX groups. After injecting sedatives intraperitoneally, tight junctions (TJs) and apoptotic levels were evaluated 24 hours later to assess the intestinal barrier function. The role of DEX was validated using Villin-MMP23B flox/flox mice with intestinal epithelial deletion. In vitro , high glucose and hyperosmolarity were used to culture Caco-2 monolayer cells with STZ inter-vention. Immunofluorescence techniques were used to monitor the barrier and mitochondrial functions.

RESULTS

MMP23B protein levels in the intestinal tissue of STZ-induced diabetic mice were significantly higher than those in the intestinal tissue of control mice, with the DEX group displaying decreased MMP23B levels. Diabetes-mediated TJ dis-ruption, increased intestinal mucosal permeability, and systemic inflammation in wild-type mice might be reversed by DEX. In Caco-2 cells, MMP23B was associated with increased reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, and TJ disruption.

CONCLUSION

DEX reduces MMP23B, which may potentially contribute to STZ-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, affecting TJ modification through mitochondrial dysfunction.
Motivation, Cues to Action, and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake: A Qualitative Application of the Health Belief Model among Women in Rural Zambia
Authors: Kuhfeldt Kayla J. , Kaiser Jeanette L. , Morgan Allison J. , Ngoma Thandiwe , Hamer Davidson H. , Fink Günther , Rockers Peter C. , Chirwa Benson , Scott Nancy A.
Published: August 2024

Vaccine hesitancy has played a major role in slowing the global COVID-19 response. Using cross-sectional, primarily qualitative data collected in four rural districts in Zambia, we aimed to explore community perceptions of COVID-19 disease and vaccines, including perceived motivators, cues to action, benefits, and barriers to vaccine uptake as guided by the Health Belief Model. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted in late 2021 with women of reproductive age who were enrolled in an early childhood development study. Although two-thirds of the 106 respondents reported low perceived risk of catching COVID-19, they expressed concern that the COVID-19 pandemic had impacted their daily lives and feared effects of the disease. They had generally positive beliefs that the vaccine would be accepted among their communities when it became more widely available. Reported motivators to vaccine uptake included desire for protection against COVID-19 and understanding vaccine purpose, due to ongoing education from health personnel, neighbors, friends, radio, and church leaders. Misinformation or reported bad experiences served as cues away from vaccine uptake. Examples of misinformation included the vaccine causing COVID-19 or another disease and death and vaccines being associated with the devil and against Christian beliefs. Accounts of pain after receiving the vaccine also discouraged uptake. Perceived benefits included a desire to be protected from the disease, belief in the effectiveness of the vaccine, fear of catching COVID-19, and belief the vaccine would limit negative effects. Health system implementers and policy makers should consider recipient motivators and cues to action to further increase vaccination rates.
Visceral Leishmaniasis in Sub-Himalayan India (1967–2023): A Systematic Review
Authors: Mewara Abhishek , Satapathy Prakasini , Dhatwalia Sunil Kumar
Published: August 2024

Substantial gains have been achieved in the control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the four endemic states of India; however, cases are sporadically reported from other nonendemic regions of India such as the sub-Himalayan region, which can be a hurdle to VL elimination. We analyzed VL reports published from the sub-Himalayan regions of India over seven decades (1967–2023) in this systematic review. Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for VL cases from sub-Himalayan regions of India. The demographic data, clinical presentation, diagnostic modality, treatment, outcomes of the cases, and overall year-wise and geographical distribution of the cases were analyzed; studies on the sand fly vector were also included. From 535 articles, 33 studies were included in the analysis. Overall, 228 patients were diagnosed with VL in the sub-Himalayan region of India from 1967 to 2023. These cases were reported from Uttarakhand (n = 178), Himachal Pradesh (n = 39), and Jammu and Kashmir (n = 11). Most patients (88.4%) did not have a history of travel outside their native places. Three pediatric cases were reported from Jammu and Kashmir. The DNA of Leishmania donovani was detected in four of the 52 (7.7%) sand flies collected from Himachal Pradesh. The published literature points toward the existence of local transmission of VL in the sub-Himalayan region of India, strongly substantiated by the emergence of pediatric VL in some places. Thus, these difficult-to-reach hilly states of India will require focused surveillance for VL to successfully achieve elimination goals.
Spatial Relationship between a Regional Outbreak and a Higher-than-Expected Incidence of Leishmaniasis in Urban Southern Madrid, Spain
Authors: Alonso-Carrillo Jesús , Pérez Ayala Ana , Fernández-Ruiz Mario , Silva José Tiago , Castaño-Pérez Sara , Prieto Mónica , Valdeolivas Nuria , Pérez-Jacoiste Asín María Asunción , Lizasoain Manuel , Aguado José María , López-Medrano Francisco
Published: August 2024

The largest outbreak of human leishmaniasis in Europe took place in Fuenlabrada, Spain, between 2009 and 2017. The University Hospital “12 de Octubre” in Madrid serves the population residing in three districts of Madrid located just north of the outbreak area (Villaverde, Usera, and Carabanchel). Villaverde and Usera are connected by rail to the outbreak area, unlike Carabanchel. We performed a retrospective study including all cases of leishmaniasis diagnosed between 2011 and 2020. Fifty-one cases were documented. In the districts connected by rail to the outbreak area, a higher-than-expected incidence was observed (13.45–15.55 versus 5.2 per 100,000 inhabitants). Apart from the linear distance from the place of residence to the railway tracks, no differences in terms of demographics or risk factors were detected between the populations of the districts. We hypothesize that the direct connection with the outbreak area by rail could explain the higher incidence observed in Villaverde and Usera.
JUÍZO MORAL DAS TÉCNICAS DE REPRODUÇÃO ARTIFICIAL POR PARTE DAS IGREJAS CATÓLICA, ORTODOXA, LUTERANA E ANGLICANA
Authors: Deretti Edson Adolfo , Medeiros José Carlos
Published: August 2024

Em muitos pontos doutrinais as Igrejas Católica, Ortodoxa, Anglicana e Luterana têm o mesmo parecer. Até o início do século XX, existiam poucas divergências no campo da bioética, porém as diferenças se acentuaram nas últimas décadas. A posição da Igreja Católica é muito clara e bem documentada. Porém a posição das demais igrejas históricas não é tão sistematizada. Procurou-se neste trabalho levantar os dados sobre o juízo moral de cada igreja histórica a respeito das técnicas de reprodução artificial. Buscou-se compreender a visão de conjugalidade, ato conjugal e status do embrião humano em cada igreja, pois esses pontos fundamentam a posição de cada igreja. A falta de um vínculo necessário entre as dimensões unitiva e procriativa no entendimento do ato conjugal pelas Igrejas Ortodoxa, Anglicana e Luterana leva elas a ter uma posição mais liberal que a católica. Além disso, nas igrejas Anglicana e Luterana há também um entendimento diverso sobre o status do embrião, o que traz menos restrições às técnicas de reprodução artificial.
ANALYSIS OF SIMULATED DIFFUSION AND ADSORPTION WITH AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Bok Lee Hong
Published: August 2024

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a powerful tool to predict molecular diffusivity in femtoliter observation volume. The applicable analytical model in 3-D for porous chromatographic environment has been introduced to evaluate in this contribution. Regarding chromatographic environment, it is important to understand and characterize both diffusion and adsorption-desorption kinetics at interfacial area between mobile and stationary phases. In this contribution, a demonstration of a newly designed analytical model for FCS was presented that can predict simulated diffusion and adsorption-desorption kinetics in 3-D matrix. This work was motivated by a previous 2-D analytical solution study. The range of desorption rate (800–1000 1/s) was found to be where the analytical model can predict the molecular dynamics most accurately and precisely.
EFFECTS OF LOADING MASS ECCENTRICITIES ON UNSPRUNG MASS ROTATIONAL DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF HEAVY VEHICLE ON IRREGULAR ROAD PAVEMENT
Authors: Junias Josua Kondja
Published: August 2024

Using individual independent unsprung masses in suspension system modeling is not a realistic reflection of vehicle dynamics in response to eccentric wheel kinematics and asymmetric heavy vehicle loading. This is because the use of such masses does not accurately represent the unsprung mass system's influence on heavy vehicles' dynamics, including its impact on the sprung masses or wheel pavement dynamic loading. This study aims to examine how heavy vehicle asymmetric loading and wheels' eccentric kinematic excitation affect the rotational dynamic response of the unsprung masses. A total of 450 models were used to investigate various asymmetrical cases, from which 9 3D 24 DOF heavy vehicles' 4 DOF rear tandem drive axle suspension systems were selected for analysis using SIMWISE 4D. These vehicles were tested for a pothole depth of 25 mm and a vehicle translational speed of 60 km/h. The study found that the nature of the pavement distress factor (kinematic excitation) determines the suspension's rotational dynamic response and, consequently, the sprung mass. Moreover, the load distribution on the sprung mass also affects the rotational dynamic response of the tandem beams
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR A SIMPLE 5GHz PATCH ANTENNA
Authors: Alsalhin Abdelgader Ahmed , Kyamo Mohamed , Elssaid Ali
Published: August 2024

Patch antennas have many advantages for different applications, such as their small size and compatibility with modern communication systems and devices. However, there is a lack of theoretical understanding of how the geometry of these antennas affects their performance. Previous studies have tried various shapes and sizes of the patches, ground planes and feed methods, but they often achieved good results at the cost of complexity and without clear explanations. This gap in knowledge is a common problem and needs to be addressed to improve the design and understanding of patch antennas. This article reveals the physical principles behind the optimal geometry tuning (VSWR 1.05) for a 5GHz patch antenna. It also shows how geometry tuning can enable other features, such as beam steering (Up to 25 degrees). It provides useful insights for tuning patch antennas that can help researchers and engineers in this field. Therefore, the simulation and analysis of a 5GHz antenna presented in this article is a significant contribution to the patch antenna design literature.
STEGANOHIDE: AN INFORMATION HIDING SYSTEM USING STEGANOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE
Authors: Sharma Shobhit , Sharma Shivam , Kumari A. Charan
Published: August 2024

Steganography, a subset of data hiding techniques, seeks to conceal sensitive information within any form of digital media. The goal of a steganographyplan at the sender's end is to incorporate a secret message into an innocent-looking image or any other file format known as a cover object. Meanwhileat the receiver’s side its goal is to extract the hidden information or message. Steganalysis, on the other hand, is the inverse process of steganographyand attempts to detect steganography. The role and development of steganalysis has increased when steganography was used for vulnerable activitieslike the embedding of harmful content. Moreover, the development of effective steganographic methods has made it very difficult to decipher them. Thispaper discusses in depth about the various existing steganalysis techniques and suggests improvements that can be brought about to prevent the abuseof steganography. It includes implementation of an encryption and decryption algorithm which evades usage of a secret key in the process. An interfacethat facilitates the same has also been developed and discussed in detail. It also discusses the further scope and challenges in both steganography andsteganalysis.
Aplicando técnicas de inteligencia artificial en el reconocimiento de patrones para gestión de inversiones en el mercado del Bitcoin
Authors: Lazo Juan Guillermo Lazo , Cárdenas Diego Alejandro Ruíz , Bravo Sebastián Esquives
Published: August 2024

El mercado de las criptomonedas es conocido por su constante evolución, alta volatilidad, incertidumbre y frecuentes fluctuaciones de precios. Esto expone a los inversores a riesgos considerables, pero también ofrece grandes oportunidades de beneficios. Ante este escenario, los inversores buscan estrategias que maximicen las ganancias, minimicen los riesgos y reduzcan los costes operativos. La complejidad de estas decisiones hace muy atractivo el uso de técnicas de aprendizaje automático. Estas técnicas exploran grandes volúmenes de datos para desarrollar modelos predictivos, basados en la identificación de patrones, que pueden ayudar en la toma de decisiones. Este estudio propone un modelo de estrategia de inversión basado en inteligencia computacional y datos financieros. El modelo propuesto pretende realizar inversiones de tres días de duración, con el objetivo de maximizar los beneficios y mitigar los riesgos asociados a la volatilidad de los precios, especialmente durante los periodos de caídas bruscas y rápidas que son habituales en el mercado de criptodivisas. Para ello, se utilizaron redes neuronales artificiales y datos históricos de precios; se llevó a cabo el preprocesamiento de datos y el análisis de índices estadísticos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron prometedores, demostrando la capacidad de la estrategia propuesta para generar beneficios significativos durante el periodo de prueba. Los beneficios fueron mayores y con menor exposición al riesgo en comparación con los resultados obtenidos por la estrategia de mercado de comprar y mantener, lo que pone de relieve el potencial de los enfoques basados en el aprendizaje automático para optimizar las inversiones en el mercado de criptomonedas.
Evaluation of Livestock Enterprises in terms of Farmer Satisfaction and Current Situation
Authors: Çetin Faruk , Olhan Emine
Published: August 2024

In addition to meeting the basic needs and nutritional needs of people, the agricultural sector is of vital importance for countries due to many factors such as its place in employment, the supply of raw materials to the industrial sector and the use of the products produced as inputs, and its share in national income. The continuity of the agricultural sector depends on the satisfaction of agricultural enterprises and the strong structure between them and their current situation. Many factors such as demographic characteristics of agricultural enterprises, labor force utilization, presence of young population, capital structure and profitability, production planning and use of technology, agricultural policies and supports are included in this situation. In this study, the current situation and satisfaction of livestock enterprises were evaluated. Within the scope of the study, there are data on the socio-economic status of the enterprises, their opinions and expectations regarding agricultural supports and agricultural policies, their organizational status and credit use savings, the current status of the enterprises and their breeding preferences, the opinions and demands of the owners. In this study, the current situation and satisfaction of livestock enterprises are evaluated. The research was carried out in agricultural enterprises engaged in cattle and sheep breeding in Seben district of Bolu province. Face-to-face questionnaire application was used to collect the data, and SPSS package program was used to analyze the data obtained. As a result of the study, it was concluded that 74.4% of the enterprises were not satisfied with the situation and future of their agricultural enterprises, and producers wanted their children to turn to different sectors and not to continue in the agricultural sector. In addition, producers stated that agricultural supports are important for the continuity of production and sustainability of enterprises (62.8%), and that they take agricultural supports into consideration in their production planning. In addition, the high technology and expenditure costs required for production activities, aging of enterprises and increasing labor shortage, problems in land planning and future planning of enterprises, and insufficient credit and agricultural supports also come to the fore in the research.
Learning Action Cell Program and Teachers’ Functional Competency in Cagayan De Oro City
Authors:   Teacher I, Baluarte Elementary School, Department of Education, A. Valencia Mark John , Pañares Nick C. ,   Education Program Supervisor, DepEd Region X, Department of Education
Published: August 2024

Learning Action Cell (LAC) program influences teachers’ functional competency. It is an integral part of professional development initiatives, which impacts teachers’ instructional skills, classroom management, assessment strategies, and professional growth. This study focused on the implementation of LAC program and teachers’ functional competency in the Division of Cagayan de Oro City. It sought to determine the relationship between the implementation of LAC and teachers’ functional competency and find the level of implementation of LAC and teachers’ functional competency. A descriptive-correlational method was used in this study. The respondents were one hundred forty-seven (147) public elementary school teachers. The survey questionnaire was the main instrument used to gather data. The statistical tools used were descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) was employed to determine the relationship between the implementation of LAC and teachers’ functional competency. Findings revealed that the LAC program was well implemented, and the level of teachers’ functional competency was outstanding. Hence, there was a significant relationship between the implementation of LAC and teachers’ functional competency. It is recommended that LAC coordinators align LAC activities with the school’s broader professional development plans. Teachers should also engage in collaborative projects with other educators to share experiences and best practices. School heads should also provide training and support strategies for teachers.
Enhancing the Role of Historical and Cultural Relics in Tourism Development: A Case Study of Can Tho City
Authors:   Can Tho University, Chinh Dinh Thi
Published: August 2024

This article examines the efforts and challenges associated with promoting the values of historical and cultural relics in Can Tho City, focusing on their integration into tourism development. Can Tho, a centrally administered city in the Mekong Delta, possesses a rich cultural heritage that includes numerous historical relics and sites of revolutionary significance. These tangible cultural assets are pivotal for the city's tourism potential, serving as critical attractions for domestic and international tourists. The article explores the various initiatives local authorities undertake, including policy implementation, investment in infrastructure, and community engagement, to enhance the preservation and promotion of these cultural sites. It also addresses the limitations, such as inadequate funding, insufficient infrastructure, and the uneven awareness of heritage value among stakeholders. Recommendations are provided for improving the management and promotion of Can Tho's cultural heritage, emphasizing the need for better coordination among local agencies, increased investment, and the development of professional tour guide services. The article concludes that while significant progress has been made, further efforts are needed to realize the potential of Can Tho's cultural heritage in contributing to sustainable tourism and economic development.
Spindle cell lipoma, a rare entity affecting the larynx-A Case Report
Authors: Shah Hamid , Khan Imran Mohib , Mukhtar Hamid
Published: August 2024

Spindle cell lipoma is a very rare occurrence in the larynx and can be cured by complete excision. In this case report we present the case of a 71-year-old female who presented to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient department of Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar, with complaints of occasional irritation and a foreign body sensation in the throat while swallowing, for the last three years. She had undergone a surgical procedure 30 years back for the same complaint and remained asymptomatic till three years back. On examination, through fibre-optic laryngoscope, the attending surgeon saw an abnormal mass arising from the aryepiglottic folds of the larynx. An excisional biopsy was performed through micro-laryngoscopy. The patient’s symptoms subsequently improved and she is currently doing well. Histopathological reports confirmed it as spindle cell lipoma.
Keywords: Voice, Dysphonia, Head and neck surgery, Endoscopy, Phoniatrix.
Chemo mechanical caries removal CMCR; efficacy of Carisolv gel in primary molar teeth
Authors: Pervez Jazib , Hafiz Muhammad Adil  , Mehmood Rana
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of CariSolv gel with respect to chemo-mechanical caries removal in primary molar teeth.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Dental College and Hospital, Multan, Pakistan, from July to December 2022, and comprised patients of either gender aged 6-12 years having vital, primary molar teeth with clinical and radiographic evidence of carious lesion. Freshly prepared CariSolv gel 0.2ml to 1.0ml was applied to carious dentine for a minimum of 30 seconds, using chemo-mechanical caries removal hand instruments. The cavity preparation was rinsed and dried. Image caries detector dye was applied by micro brush for 10 seconds. After the cavity preparation was washed and dried, any red-stained dentine indicated residual infected dentine. A maximum of 3 chemo-mechanical caries removal cycles were allowed. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.0.
Results: Of the 134 patients, 74(55.2%) were boys and 60(44.8%) were girls. The overall mean age was 8.55+1.58 years. The procedure was successful in 115(85.8%) cases. Age and gender were not significantly associated with the outcome (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Chemo-mechanical caries removal method using CariSolv gel was found to be a viable alternative to traditional drilling techniques for caries removal in primary molar teeth.
Key Words: Caries, CariSolv, Paediatric dentistry, Primary molar teeth, Restorative dentistry.
Role of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in temporomandibular joint disorders
Authors: Fatima Syeda Mahnoor , Tooba Zahoor  , Ramsha Nawaz  , Ahmed Tanveer  , Syeda Soveba Zaidi  , Admin
Published: August 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with commercially available analgesics in alleviating symptoms of temporomandibular disorders.
Method: The cross-sectional, interventional study was conducted from March 11, 2020, to August 31, 2023, at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised patients aged 18-65 years who were experiencing pain or distress in the temporomandibular joint region. The participants were divided into intervention group A and control group B. Group A treatment involved applying electrodes near the temporomandibular joint, with parameters adjusted as per the treatment guidelines. Group B subjects received only analgesics along with basic care recommendations. Pain intensity was assessed using visual analogue scale, while functional impairment and adverse effects were monitored. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 130 patients initially assessed, 100(77%) were included; 50(50%) in each group. In group A, there were 33(66.0%) females and 17(34.0%) males with overall mean age 42.8+10.12 years. In group B, there were 30(60%) females and 20(40%) males with overall mean age 46.98+14.09 years. Pain intensity was significantly lower in group A compared to group B post-intervention (p=0.009). Group A subjects also showed significant post-intervention improvement in terms of mouth opening compared to group B patients (p<0.05). There was no significant intergroup difference with respect to adverse effects (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was significantly more effective than commercially available analgesics in alleviating symptoms of temporomandibular disorders.
Key Words: Analgesia, Electric stimulation therapy, Pain management, Temporomandibular joint disorders, Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation.
Hepatic Visualization on DXA Scan: An Ancilliary Finding
Authors: Ayesha Zubair  , Sana Munir Gill  , Aamna Hassan
Published: August 2024

Thalassemia major is a genetic haemoglobinopathy manifesting as severe anaemia, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly.Due to altered iron metabolism and increased bone resorption it is associated with secondary osteoporosis manifested asdecreased bone mineral density (BMD). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is frequently performed for the diagnosisof secondary osteoporosis. Soft tissues are rarely visualized on DXA unless there is calcification involving those structureslike nephro-, cholelithiasis or iatrogenic e.g. surgical clips. Hepatic iron deposition occurs in thalassemia due to repeatedblood transfusions which leads to increased density of the liver resulting in visualization of liver on DXA scan.We present an interesting image of hepatic visualization on DXA performed for bone mineral density assessment in a patientwith thalassemia major.Keywords: Thalassemia major, secondary osteoporosis, iron overload, liver, DXA.
Bazali STEAM bilimlar va kompetentsiyalarini shakllantirish konkurent-qobiliyatli shaxsni tayyorlash sharti sifatida
Authors: Yunusova Gulshod , G’affarov Akmal
Published: August 2024

“4k” kompetentsiyalar kognitiv, metakognitiv, sotsial va emotsional sohalardan kompetentsiyalarni aniqlab olish uchun qo’llaniladi. Ularga tanqidiy fikrlash, kreativ fikrlash, kooperatsiya va kommunikatsiya kiradi.Bu kompetentsiyalar AQSh mamlakati Fondlarining loyihalarida, Rossiya mamlakatining FGOS syandartida, qolaversa O’zbekistonning president maktablari dasturlarida tilga olinadi.
Подходы к развитию цифровых компетенций у студентов-филологов при дистанционном изучении английского языка
Authors: Юсупова Заррина
Published: August 2024

В статье описывается, что в эпоху инновационных технологий развитие цифровых компетенций у студентов представляет собой непрерывный и индивидуально ориентированный процесс, который должен соответствовать их потребностям и интересам в цифровом образовательном пространстве. Это требует глубоких изменений и внедрения новых цифровых инструментов для актуализации методов обучения и соответствия современным требованиям.
Pelatihan dan Pedampingan Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran bagi Para Guru di SMK N 1 Sambirejo
Authors: Srirahayu Agustina , Tominanto Tominanto , Suryono Afif
Published: August 2024

SMK Negeri 1 Sambirejo memiliki  5 jurusan dan memiliki  jumlah guru sebanyak 71 orang. Pelatihan dan pedampingan pembuatan media pembelajaran untuk menjadi langkah pertama dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas media pembelajaran di SMK Negeri 1 Sambirejo. Pelatihan dan pendampingan  media pembelajaran mempunyai dampak positif yaitu dapat menyampaikan pelajaran menjadi lebih baku, menarik dan interaktif. Beban guru untuk menyampaikan materi menjadi berkurang karena tidak lagi menyampaikan secara berulang. Materi pelatihan yang disajikan dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian ini yaitu : Pengantar Desain Komunikasi Visual, Prinsip-prinsip Desain Grafis, Teknik Pemilihan Warna yang Efektif, Penggunaan Tipografi dalam Desain, Pemanfaatan Visualisasi Data dalam Media Pembelajaran, dan Pengenalan Software Desain Grafis (opsional). Kegiatan pendampingan pembuatan Google Form, Multimedia Interaktif dan Video Pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik dan antusias guru yang sangat besar dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini. Tujuan pelaksanaan dan solusi yang ditawarkan dalam kegiatan pelatihan dan pedampingan pembuatan media pembelajaran bagi Guru di SMK N 1 Sambirejo yaitu : (1) Meningkatkan pemahaman guru tentang media pembelajaran, (2) Memberikan keterampilan kepada guru dalam merancang media pembelajaran yang menarik dan efektif, dan (3) Mendorong guru untuk mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip Desain Komunikasi Visual dalam kegiatan pembelajaran mereka. Semoga kegiatan ini dapat memberikan manfaat yang besar bagi pengembangan pendidikan di SMK Negeri 1 Sambirejo. Disarankan agar dilakukan pelatihan lanjutan yang lebih mendalam mengenai kegiatan belajar mengajar dengan pemanfaatan media pembelajaran
Las organizaciones como proceso evolutivo de conocimiento: perspectivas para su aplicación en el estudio del narcotráfico
Authors: Noguera Hidalgo Ángela Lucía , Beltrán Valbuena Sebastián , Ávila Robayo Daniel
Published: August 2024

El narcotráfico es un fenómeno que ha crecido considerablemente a nivel global desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX y a pesar de los múltiples esfuerzos políticos, militares y sociales por mitigarlo, esta problemática persiste y se adapta rápidamente. Desde esta perspectiva, el artículo tiene como propósito principal exponer un enfoque para comprender a las organizaciones narcotraficantes desde el marco del concepto de proceso evolutivo de conocimiento. Para lograrlo, el documento se fundamenta en el marco ontológico evolutivo y la comprensión de las organizaciones como sistemas compuestos por individuos que interactúan entre sí a través de reglas simples en un espacio geográfico. El enfoque rescata las capacidades adaptativas de las organizaciones y reconoce la emergencia de patrones sistémicos como resultado de un proceso evolutivo. Dada la dimensión del problema del narcotráfico, para efectos del análisis se hace énfasis en el narcotráfico marítimo. Finalmente, el documento establece un análisis para la comprensión del marco evolutivo en el ámbito organizacional, brindando contribuciones teóricas como prácticas para que los investigadores puedan tomarlo como punto de partida.
Edu-communication for the prevention of delinquency and school violence in adolescents
Authors: Behar Leiser Olga , Jordán Tróchez Marisol , Castillo Muñoz Johana , Ardila Behar Carolina
Published: August 2024

The article explores the implementation of an edu-communicative strategy with a group of 23 tenth-grade students, between 14 and 17 years of age, who are at risk of delinquency and school violence. A quasi-experimental study with qualitative analysis was conducted, using the Participatory Action Research method. The results showed that the selected students were able to reflect on the conditions of vulnerability affecting them, move away from previous risk situations, and broaden their expectations for a better future.
Analysis of the Role of the Creative Economy in Advancing Product Business at MTs Al-Jauhariyah
Authors: Rohim Abd
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of the creative economy to improve product business in MTs Al-Jauhariyah. In addition to being an educational center, secondary schools also have the potential as a locus of local economic development through creative products. The creative economy is the main focus to increase competitiveness and economic contribution from product businesses in the school environment. Using qualitative research methods, data were collected through in-depth interviews with related parties, direct observation, and documentation studies. The results showed that creativity, innovation, and invention play a key role in the development of product business in this school. In terms of product concept, innovation and differentiation through the creative economy provide significant added value. Factors such as local community involvement, utilization of local resources, and integration of curriculum with creative economy aspects also strengthen the positive impact on the development of product business at MTs Al-Jauhariyah. This research contributes to the practical and theoretical understanding of how the creative economy can be implemented in secondary education environments, exactly in MTs Al-Jauhariyah. This finding can be a foundation for policy makers, schools, and education practitioners to optimize the role of the creative economy in developing product businesses in similar institutions. In addition, this research also opens opportunities for further research related to the integration of creative economy concepts in the context of formal education.
The Tradition of Donating Celebrations with the Potangan System in a Review of Sharia Economic Law
Authors: Natasya Stifani  , Kurniawati Fitri
Published: August 2024

This research aims to explain in depth the description of sharia economic law regarding the deduction system in the tradition of nyumbang to celebrations in the Ulujami community. This research is library research with a qualitative approach. The data sources used in this research come from various literature journal articles that are relevant to the research topic and describe the facts which are then continued with analysis. The data analysis method used is content analysis of the literature sources used in the research. The tradition of nyumbang in Ulujami shows a strong sense of mutual trust and cooperation between givers and recipients. Trust is a type of trust that people have in each other when interacting with each other in activities based on bonds of brotherhood, mutual giving, and mutual agreement with the aim of producing moral and material benefits for both parties. The Ulujami community has various types of celebrations, including circumcisions, weddings, house building, and even recitation of the Koran. They also carry out a tradition of donating called "potangan" which means bequeathing some of their wealth in the hope that it will be returned during future celebrations. With this phenomenon, how Islam responds to the phenomenon of the cutting system is through the tradition of contributing to the Ulujami.
Sharia Economic Dispute Resolution Model According to Qanun No. 11 of 2018 concerning Sharia Financial Institutions
Authors: Rizal Syamsul , Dara Cut , Khadafi Muammar , Kafrawi Kafrawi , Husnaini Husnaini , Zulhamdi Zulhamdi
Published: August 2024

When many business entity activities start to appear that use the sharia label, the resolution must be carried out by institutions that truly understand sharia economics. So, creating economic products that have the term sharia attached to them is not easy and requires various kinds of adjustments, such as; applicable laws and regulations, contemporary economic developments in global society which tend to be value-free, varied transaction models, and so on. All of this must be able to be adjusted to sharia principles. The problem formulation in this research is: What is the Sharia Economic Dispute Resolution Model seen from Qanun No. 11 of 2018 concerning Sharia Financial Institutions? The type of research used is library research, namely by studying and examining sources. written text that is relevant to the discussion material. The results of this research are a model for Sharia Economic Dispute Resolution after the implementation of Qanun No. 11 of 2018 concerning Sharia Financial Institutions, a model for resolving disputes through non-litigation (outside of court), namely a model for resolving disputes that is carried out using methods that exist outside of court. usually called an alternative dispute resolution institution.
Peran Guru Balai Pengajian Ummi Gampong Aree Kecamatan Delima Kabupaten Pidie
Authors: Hayati Cut Intan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the extent of the role of teachers at the Ummi Gampong Aree Study Center, Delima District, in the spiritual development of adolescents and to identify the challenges they face. The research adopts a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis involves data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that teachers employ various teaching methods such as lectures, Q&A sessions, practice, and disciplinary actions to shape the personality and spirituality of the adolescents. The teaching materials include the sciences of Tawhid, Fiqh, Tasawuf, Qur'anic Tajweed, and Tafsir. Teachers at the Ummi Study Center use a variety of methods in spiritual development, including lectures, Q&A sessions, practice (memorizing and practicing prayers and recitations of Salat), as well as personal and classical approaches (addressing individual learning difficulties personally and teaching groups classically). The challenges faced in spiritual development at the Ummi Study Center include inadequate facilities, the influence of technology, lack of parental attention and supervision, and negative external influences. To overcome these challenges, solutions implemented include strengthening collaboration with parents, improving facilities and infrastructure, and increasing learning motivation. This study recommends continuously enhancing the quality of spiritual education through various innovations and collaborations among the study center, parents, and the community.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) terhadap Penggunaan Big Book pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Salmiah Maryati , Piliang Wilda Srihastuty Handayani , Fitriany Fitriany
Published: August 2024

Reading literacy is one of the most important things to improve. One of the efforts that can be done is to train students of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teacher education study program to use big book as a medium that can improve the reading literacy skills of early grade students. Qualitative method is chosen to find out students' opinions on the use of big books for early-grade students. As many as 15 students of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teacher education study program were selected to use the big book as their learning medium when they were carrying out internships at five Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in the city of Medan. Each student shared their experience of using big book in the early grades of elementary school, this experience including the advantages and disadvantages of big book, their impressions, and suggestions on using Big book for early grade teachers.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Akidah Akhlak melalui Model Pembelajaran Komperatif Tipe Make A Match di SMA Islam Serambi Mekkah Meulaboh
Authors: Rosmanidar Rosmanidar
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of implementing the Make a Match cooperative learning model in enhancing the learning outcomes related to the topic of virtuous character in the subject of Akidah Akhlak (Faith and Morality) among 21 students in the 11th grade of Serambi Mekkah Islamic High School. The research subjects consisted of a total of 21 students from the school. The data analysis was conducted using the classical mastery approach. In the first cycle of the instructional intervention, which involved group-based learning, the level of classical mastery was observed to be 52.38%, with 11 out of 21 students achieving a satisfactory level of mastery. This outcome can be attributed to the students' hesitancy to ask questions, as evidenced by their behavior during the completion of the provided worksheets. Furthermore, the interaction among the students within the groups was primarily dominated by the more academically proficient students. Additionally, students exhibited a certain level of shyness when it came to presenting in front of the class, as indicated by their unpreparedness during group presentations. In the second cycle, a notable improvement in the level of classical mastery was observed, reaching 85.71%, with 18 out of 21 students demonstrating a satisfactory level of mastery. This improvement can be attributed to the enhanced student engagement and the commendable performance of both the students and the teachers during the implementation of the learning activities. In conclusion, this study provides empirical evidence that the implementation of the Make a Match cooperative learning model effectively enhances the learning outcomes pertaining to the subtopic of virtuous character among 11th-grade students at Serambi Mekkah Islamic High School.