bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Feedback Type and Personality on 2,000-m Ergometer Performance in Female Varsity Collegiate Rowers
Authors: Stine Kaitlyn A. , Moxey Jacqueline R. , Gilbertson Nicole M. , Malin Steven K. , Weltman Arthur L.
Published: November 2017

Stine, KA, Moxey, JR, Gilbertson, NM, Malin, SK, and Weltman, AL. Effects of feedback type and personality on 2,000-m ergometer performance in female varsity collegiate rowers. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2170–2176, 2019—Rowing performance is routinely tested on ergometers, involving visual cues and verbal encouragement, whereas on-water rowing lacks the visual cues. Personality is also hypothesized to influence rowing performance. The purpose was to examine the effects of visual and verbal feedback and to determine the impact of personality on performance. Thirty-eight female collegiate rowers (body mass 75.0 ± 5.7 kg and height 176.6 ± 5.0 cm) were recruited. Participants were asked to complete a progressive continuous graded exercise test, body composition analysis, personality questionnaire (Neo five-factor inventory, version 3), and 2 randomly ordered 2000-m ergometer tests: routine verbal and visual vs. verbal only. Differences between the 2,000-m tests were analyzed with a paired t-test. The relationships among Vo
2max, body composition, and 2,000-m performance were analyzed with Pearson's Correlations. A 2 × 2 analysis of variance analyzed neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness to investigate how personality impacted 2,000-m performance. Statistical significance was set to p ≤ 0.05. The combination of visual plus verbal feedback trended toward improving performance compared with the verbal feedback alone (430.3 ± 8.6, 431.6 ± 8.9 seconds, respectively). High neuroticism negatively impacted 2,000-m performance (p ≤ 0.05). Conscientiousness and agreeableness trended toward improved performance: as conscientiousness and agreeableness increase, time decreases. We conclude that the combination of verbal plus visual feedback tends to yield better 2,000-m performance and that highly conscientious, highly agreeable, and low neurotic athletes outperform their respective counterparts. Using visual plus verbal encouragement while simultaneously targeting personality factors may be a novel strategy to optimize rowers' training.
Frontal Eye Field Inactivation Diminishes Superior Colliculus Activity, But Delayed Saccadic Accumulation Governs Reaction Time Increases
Authors: Peel Tyler R. , Dash Suryadeep , Lomber Stephen G. , Corneil Brian D.
Published: November 2017

Stochastic accumulator models provide a comprehensive framework for how neural activity could produce behavior. Neural activity within the frontal eye fields (FEFs) and intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (iSC) support such models for saccade initiation by relating variations in saccade reaction time (SRT) to variations in such parameters as baseline, rate of accumulation of activity, and threshold. Here, by recording iSC activity during reversible cryogenic inactivation of the FEF in four male nonhuman primates, we causally tested which parameter(s) best explains concomitant increases in SRT. While FEF inactivation decreased all aspects of ipsilesional iSC activity, decreases in accumulation rate and threshold poorly predicted accompanying increases in SRT. Instead, SRT increases best correlated with delays in the onset of saccade-related accumulation. We conclude that FEF signals govern the onset of saccade-related accumulation within the iSC, and that the onset of accumulation is a relevant parameter for stochastic accumulation models of saccade initiation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe superior colliculus (SC) and frontal eye fields (FEFs) are two of the best-studied areas in the primate brain. Surprisingly, little is known about what happens in the SC when the FEF is temporarily inactivated. Here, we show that temporary FEF inactivation decreases all aspects of functionally related activity in the SC. This combination of techniques also enabled us to relate changes in SC activity to concomitant increases in saccadic reaction time (SRT). Although stochastic accumulator models relate SRT increases to reduced rates of accumulation or increases in threshold, such changes were not observed in the SC. Instead, FEF inactivation delayed the onset of saccade-related accumulation, emphasizing the importance of this parameter in biologically plausible models of saccade initiation.
Computation of turbulent flow around a square block with standard and modified k-ε turbulence models
Authors: Rusdin A.
Published: November 2017

Two-dimensional Reynold Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) turbulence model simulations for a flow past a square block with Re = 21400 are presented in this paper. An available modified k-ε turbulence model, which is an improved version of the standard k-ε turbulence model, is applied to simulate experiment cases of vortex shedding around a square block. The performance evaluation of the modified model is conducted by assessing its results with the results of the standard k-ε turbulence model based on the similarity with the experiment measurement data. It is found that the modified model improves the drag coefficient by about 16%, the Strouhal number by about 1.5%, and the length recirculation zone by about factor two compared to that of the standard model. The RMSE values indicate a significant improvement of the time averaged velocity along the centre line by about 59% and the velocity profile above the square block by about 6% when the modified model is applied. Generally, the modified k-ε model indicates advantages compared with the standard k-ε model. However, discrepancy is found between the model result and the experiment observation for the free stream velocity at downstream and it may be necessary to consider the 3D effect on turbulent fluctuation in further studies.
Emission from a dual fuel operated diesel engine fuelled with Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel and producer gas
Authors: Nayak S. K. , Mishra P. C.
Published: November 2017

In recent times, the rapid depletion of diesel fuel has resulted in its rising price and hazardous emission from the vehicles. Hence, an alternative fuel is immediately required for substituting diesel in order to improve the country's economic status and security. Therefore, this paper investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operated in dual fuel mode fuelled with calophyllum inophyllum oil methyl ester blends and rice husk generated producer gas. The engine test analysis was carried out at varying load conditions (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 kW) keeping the producer gas flow rate constant i.e. at 21.69 kg/h. The experimental results depict that maximum diesel savings occurred for diesel with producer gas up to 82%, when correlated with the B20 biodiesel blend showing diesel savings of up to 80.6% at 8 kW of the optimum loading condition. Now, taking into account the emission parameter i.e. CO, CO2 and HC showed an increasing trend while, NOx and the smoke opacity reduced drastically for the dual operated mode. Hence, it might be concluded that the calophyllum inophyllum oil methyl ester with producer gas at a constant gas flow rate up to a 20% blend i.e. B20 can be utilised as potential fuel for current diesel engines without many engine modifications and problems.
Evaluation of alternative drive systems based on driving patterns comparing Germany, China and Malaysia
Authors: Schüller M. , Tewiele S. , Bruckmann T. , Schramm D.
Published: November 2017

Requirements to mobility are changing worldwide due to a focus on environment and resource protection and a simultaneous increase of mobility needs. Accordingly, the focus in automotive development shifts to the use of alternative energies for vehicle propulsions in order to reduce emissions. The amount of emission reduction by using alternative drive systems depends on marginal conditions, such as the energy mix structure, climate conditions and the vehicle’s usage profile. The individual usage profile contains characteristic values such as the number of trips, trip duration and length, as well as the velocity distribution. These characteristic data are individual for each user and differ from the values derived through test cycles such as e.g. the NEDC or the JC08. Accordingly, for the current market analysis and future trends prediction, different user profiles have to be considered and analysed. Within this paper, real world driving data recorded within the German project RuhrautoE will be analysed. The focus lies on evaluation criteria that differentiate between countries due to local framework conditions. In this context, the costs and emissions of different propulsion systems are compared between Germany and China. Afterwards an outlook on Malaysia is given for these criteria. Hitherto, such an approach is rarely considered for Malaysia. Conventional and alternative fuel vehicles as well as electrified vehicles (EV) are compared within this paper. All car models considered are based on real vehicle series to ensure a valid common basis. As expected, the consumptions of all analysed propulsion systems are higher for real driving data than for the NEDC. Then the consumption costs of the electric vehicle are the lowest in Germany and China, but not in Malaysia, where a gas driven vehicle (LPG) achieves the best results. Though, while electric cars can reduce well-to-wheel emissions by 82 % in Germany, there is no reduction possible in China as long as the fossil proportion during  the generation of electricity is not reduced. However, EV can reduce the local emission in high traffic areas. According to our estimation, EV are not profitable in all considered countries due to the Total Cost of Ownership.
Finite element analysis of diffusion effects on convective heat and the mass transfer of two fluids in a vertical channel
Authors: Suresh Babu B. , Srinivas G. , Srikanth G. V. P. N.
Published: November 2017

In this paper the thermo diffusion and diffusion thermo effects on convective heat and mass transfer along a vertical channel filled with micropolar and viscous fluids have been presented. The coupled system of governing equations is solved numerically using the Galerkin finite element method subjected to the boundary and interface conditions. The effects of the pertinent parameters on the velocity, angular velocity (micro rotation), temperature and diffusion profiles are studied in detail and presented graphically. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer, mass transfer and shear stress near both walls is entered in tables. It is found that rate of heat transfer enhances vigorously on the hot wall and reduces slowly on the cold wall under the diffusion thermo effect. The rate of mass transfer is higher near the left wall and reduces rapidly on the right wall due to the thermo diffusion effect.
Morphological analysis of injected sprays of different bio-diesel fuels by using a common rail setup controlled by a programmable electronic system
Authors: Visconti P. , Primiceri P. , Strafella L. , Carlucci A. P. , Ficarella A.
Published: November 2017

Biodiesel fuels are increasingly attracting interest in the scientific community and in the world motor industry. The morphological analysis of injected sprays is a key factor to increase engine performances using new biodiesel fuels and to compare them with those related to the use of conventional fuels. In this paper, an experimental setup is realised to carry out test campaigns, in order to analyse and compare the spray injections of different fuel typologies. A PC-interfaced electronic system was realised for driving BOSCH injectors and for varying the injection pressure and opening time. Hence, the morphological analysis was performed for each tested fuel by characterising the shape ratio and penetration depth inside the velocimetric chamber. The results show higher penetration values for biodiesel fuels due to their viscosity and drops in superficial tension, which facilitate a deeper penetration compared to those obtained with conventional diesel fuels. Although used biodiesels contain only 20% of renewable vegetable-origin diesel fuels, the viscosity and superficial tension are slightly higher than those of petroleum diesel, thus determining a weak vaporisation and formation of larger drops. By knowing the morphological behaviour of sprays using biofuels and conventional fuel, it is possible, by using programmable electronic systems, to adjust and improve the spray parameters in order to obtain better engine performances. The results reported in this instance could be utilised by future research works for choosing the most suitable biofuel based on the desired morphological behaviour of the injected sprays
Structural and mechanical characterisation of the chromium nitride hard coating deposited on the silicon and glass substrate
Authors: Shah Hetalkumar N.
Published: November 2017

Chromium Nitride (CrN) thin films are known for their comparatively good mechanical properties. CrN was deposited on Silicon (100) and glass substrates by using DC magnetron sputtering and the influence of the partial nitrogen content and different gaseous environment on their microstructural characteristics were investigated in the present work. The CrN films were characterised with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Nanoindentation was used to characterise the structural and mechanical properties of the deposited thin film. The filmsshowed the [200] preferred orientation at lower (at 20%) nitrogen contents while the intensity of the peak [111] increases with the increase in the nitrogen content. The Cr2N (220) peak was identified at a nitrogen content above 30%, but for nitrogen content above 40%, the CrN phase was observed in both films deposited on Si(100) and glass substrates. The preferred orientations of the CrN thin films are strongly influenced by the nitrogen content inside the chamber as observed in the present work. The surface roughness and deposition rate were observed in a reducing trend with the increasing N2 content and temperature from 20.31 to 2.71nm and from 30.16 nm/min to 25.66nm/min, respectively. The hardness and modulus of pure N2 films deposited on the Si substrates were evaluated by nanoindentaion testing and indicated 31 GPa and 250 GPa, respectively.
Dynamics properties of a Go-kart chassis structure and its prediction improvement using model updating approach
Authors: Abdullah N. A. Z. , Sani M. S. M. , Husain N. A. , Rahman M. M. , Zaman I.
Published: November 2017

Model updating is concerned about the correction of finite element models by processing  the record of dynamic response from test structures in order to have an accurate model for any simulated analysis. Finite element model updating had emerged years ago as an important subject in structural dynamics. It has been used frequently and has been successfully applied to many fields especially in detecting the dynamic stiffness of a structure. The purpose of this study is to perform model updating of a go-kart chassis structure in order to reduce the percentage of error between the experimental modal analysis (EMA) and finite element analysis (FEA). Modal properties (natural frequency, mode shapes, and damping ratio) of the go-kart chassis structure were determined using both EMA and FEA. Correlation of the modal parameters gathered in FEA and EMA was carried out before  optimizing the data from finite element. By adjusting the selective parameters, incongruities between those two analyses are generally reduced. The sensitivity of selected parameters is also obtained. The significant reduction in percentage of error before and after model updating procedure was carried out in this study clearly shows that model updating technique is a reliable method in reducing the discrepancies between EMA and FEA. Therefore, in cases of high discrepancies between analytical and actual test data, model updating can be considered as an option in order to obtain better correlation between those two sets of data.
Automobile spare-parts forecasting: A comparative study of time series methods
Authors: González Vargas C. A. , Elizondo Cortés M.
Published: November 2017

In Mexico, the automotive industry is considered to be strategic in the industrial and economic development of the country because it generates production, employment and foreign exchange. Good demand forecasts are needed for better manufacturing management. The time series modelling tools applied to the monthly demand forecasting of automobile spare parts in Mexico are assessed, for the case of a transnational enterprise, considering affordability. The classic methods of moving averages, final value and exponential smoothing, the prestigious autoregressive integrated models of moving averages (ARIMA), the rarely implemented artificial neural networks (ANNs) and the very little explored ARIMA-ANNs hybrid models are compared. A good performance of the models involving ANNs is observed, but they were not as steady as the ARIMA models in the post-sample periods. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was reduced from an original 57% to 32.65%. The obtained results could help demonstratethe importance of improving industrial forecasting methodologies for better planning.
Experimental investigation on the performance of the TiO2 and ZnOhybrid nanocoolant in ethylene glycol mixture towards AA6061-T6 machining
Authors: Sahid N. S. M. , Rahman M.M. , Kadirgama K. , Ramasamy D. , Maleque M. A.
Published: November 2017

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the coated carbide cutting tool performance of aluminium alloy AA6061-T6 machining through end mill processes using the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique. The process parameters including the cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate are selected. The effect of the base fluid ratio (water: EG) to the hybrid nanocoolant was investigated in this experiment. The hybrid nanocoolant with 80:20 of volume concentration up to 0.1% was prepaid with a 21 nm particle size of TiO2 and 10-30 nm ZnO nanoparticle for measurement purposes and testedat cnc end milling machines. The analysis of the variance method is utilised to validate the experimental data and to check for adequacy. The response surface method was used to develop the mathematical models and to optimise the machining parameters. It is observed that the material removal rate depends significantly on the depth of cut and feed rate, followed by the spindle speed. The results can be used as an example of the minimum quantity lubricants (MQL) technique applied to the machining of aluminium alloys, providing economic advantages in terms of reduced the machining costs and better machinability.
Онтогенетичні особливості формування локального імунного захисту молочної залози корів (огляд літератури та оригінальні дослідження)
Authors: Zhelavskyi M.M.
Published: November 2017

The authors present modern scientific data on the local immune protection of the mammary gland of cows. Main stages of ontogenetic development of cellular immunity of the mammary gland of cows were traced during clinical and experimental studies. The number of somatic cells in the secret of the mammary gland of the primates was dependent on the period of the functioning of the mammary gland. In the cytology of colostrum mostly (56.00 ± 1.90%) neutrophil granulocytes were predominant, in the middle period of lactation (3–5th month) the proportion of epithelial cells increased (from 29.51 ± 2.17 to 49.59 ± 1.94%), during the launch period, the population of polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes was changing as well, which virtually recovered to the original level and increased during the dry period. The cytochemical reactivity of intracellular lysozyme of phagocytic cells in the secretion of the breast of the primates was from the beginning of lactogenesis and in the middle period of lactation (3-5th month) almost constant. However, at the end of lactation, during the onset and dry, with the development of involutionary processes in the mammary gland, a sharp decrease in cytochemical reactivity of intracellular lysozyme of phagocytic cells was observed. A similar trend was observed in the phagosomal activity of lysosomal cationic proteins. The greatest reactivity of phagocytes was shown in the beginning of lactogenesis in reaction to lysosomal cationic proteins, which acquired its maximum manifestation in the middle period of lactation and gradually decreased at the end of the lactation period. In the period of launch and dry in the secretion of pricking cessation, there was a cytochemical activation of oxigen-dependent factors of protection of phagocytic cells. Consequently, the formation of cellular immune defense takes place in the process of ontogenetic development of the mammary gland of cows. In the firstborn, simultaneously with the formation of secretory function of the mammary gland, there is a gradual formation of natural factors protecting the body. Oxygen-independent and Oxygen-dependent factors of phagocytic protection of the breast of the firstborn are not sufficiently formed, their activation is started from the colostrum period and undergoes a physiological fluctuation throughout the lactation period.
Clinical use of Aglepristone for treatment of open-cervix pyometra in cats
Authors: Zhelavskyi M.M. , Shunin I.M.
Published: November 2017

The results of the clinical application of the integrated therapy of cats having an open-cervix of the pyometra are presented in this work. It has been proved that pathology affects mostly the animals in the age from 3 to 8 years. In the clinical study, it was found that in the open-cervix of the pyometra cats had also depression, anorexia, polydipsia, polyuria, increase in the abdomen, withdrawal of the purulent exudate from the vagina. In micropreparations taken from the vaginal mucosa, an increase in the number of neutrophilic granulocytes was observed, most of them with signs of apoptosis. Significant changes in functional reactivity of phagocytic cells were found. Using microbiological researches the polymicrobial association of pathogenic microorganisms have been identified in the exudate. Hematologic studies have shown decrease of hemoglobin content and signs of neutrophilic leukocytosis. In ultrasonography, patients with pyometra showed an increase in the body and horns of the uterus, which were stretched with accumulated fluid, thickening of the organ's wall, and a clear picture of the cystic endometrial hyperplasia of the endometrium was visualized. The research has tested a treatment regimen with the use of Aglepristone (Alizin® Virbac, France) in combination with Mastometrin and antibiotic therapy (Amoscillin 15%, INVESA, Spain). During the treatment the fever, vomiting and polydipsia have disappeared, the appetite hat restored. Laboratory studies have established a dynamic reduction in the number of leukocytes and fading reactive neutrophilia. The ultrasound has noted decreased diameter of the uterus. Major hematological and immunological parameters of homeostasis were normalized. The obtained clinical studies indicate that the complex scheme of therapy of cats for the open-cervix of the pyometra contributes to the restoration of the functional state of the uterus, the extinction of the pathological process and the normalization of the functions of all organs and systems.
Характеристика рівнів забруднення довгоіснуючими радіонуклідами 137Cs і 90Sr кормів, продуктів тваринництва і рослинництва на території Волинської області за період 1991–2016 рр.
Authors: Boyko P.K. , Kurtak B.M. , Zinchuk M.I. , Pundiak T.O. , Panashchuk I.V. , Gnasyuk R.M. , Dudkovska N.V. , Thiss M.M. , Komovych L.V.
Published: November 2017

As a result of accident on the Chornobyl' nuclear power plant over 8,4 millions are muddy great vitality radionuclides and agricultural lands. Radiation contamination was tested by all territory of the Volyn’ area. The monitoring and forced a radiological study of soils, feeds, agricultural products and wild berries and mushrooms conducted by specialists of sanitary-epidemiological, veterinary and agrochemical laboratories, suggests that on the territory of Volyn’ region happens to samples containing radionuclides in excess of allowable levels, AL-1997 and AL-2006. Expansion of production of milk and meat on contaminated radionuclide territories requires wider use of natural forage resources. Due to the fact that the basis of the forage supply base for bovine animals is the most contaminated with radionuclides grazing and rough feeds, therefore the trophic chain: «feed –animals–milk and beef» will remain the most vulnerable for a long time. The dynamics of the discovery of samples of food and feed with excess levels of radionuclides indicates that in the territory of the Volyn’ region there is a constant threat of internal exposure of the local population to long-lived radionuclides. The high proportion of forest gifts (60.2%) in the balance of products contaminated with radionuclides during the last decade (2007–2016) is the basis for increasing the radiological control in the markets of the region for mushrooms and wild berries that are sold there.
Показники клітинного метаболізму в сироватці крові коней за латентного перебігу лептоспірозу та ринопневмонії
Authors: Halatiuk O. , Kalnaus R. , Rublenko M. , Yeroshenko O.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the results of research on the parameters of cellular metabolism in 141 horses. Studies were conducted in one of the unsuccessful with leptospirosis equine farm. The kits of the company «Reagent» (Dnipropetrovsk) in blood serum determined the content of such acute phase proteins as ceruloplasmin by the method of Ravin, haptoglobin by reaction with rivanolol, total protein by biuretovoy reaction, albumin by reaction with bromocresol green by methods K.M. Veremeenko et al. (1988). The concentration of nitrites was determined by the interaction of plasma nitrides with the Grice reagent, and the colored complex was colorimetricized using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm using the method of Grand F. et. al. (2001) in the modification of Golikov P.P. (2004). The production and recording of PMA and lysis was carried out in accordance with the «Manual on Laboratory Diagnosis of Leptospirosis» (1997). The reaction of the RDP for the diagnosis of rhinopneumonia of horses was carried out in accordance with the methodological recommendations (2009). The first group (control) was represented by 49 clinically healthy serologically negative in the reaction of microagglutination (PMA) and diffusion precipitation (RDP) reactions with respect to leptospirosis and rhinopneumonia. The second group with latent course of leptospirosis included 51 horses. The third group with latent course of leptospirosis and rhinopneumonia included 41 horses. As a result of our research, we established a significant increase (P < 0.05–0.01) of nitric oxide to 65.73 ± 4.43 and 55.86 ± 2.71 μmol/l in 2–3 groups in comparison with healthy. There is also a significant increase in ceruloplasmin (P < 0.01–0.001) to 216.35 ± 11.43, 243.15 ± 19.34 mg/l in 2–3 groups in comparison with a healthy one. The content of hapthoglobin, on the contrary, decreases to 0.61 ± 0.03 and 0.52 ± 0.04 * g / l in 2–3 groups compared with healthy. Albumin content did not differ significantly in the studied groups. At the same time, a significant reduction of fibrinogen (P < 0.01–0.001) was established to 1.23 ± 0.09 and 1.22 ± 0.08 g/l in 2–3 groups in comparison with healthy ones. The content of soluble fibrin (P < 0.001) to 16.05 ± 0.31 and 21.22 ± 0.71 mg/% in 2–3 groups in comparison with healthy is significantly increased. In a coherent latent course of leptospirosis and rhinopneumonia in horses as markers for assessing the state of immunobiological reactivity of an organism it is advisable to determine the content of nitric oxide, ceruloplasmin, soluble fibrin, fibrinogen and haptoglobin in blood serum. The results obtained are analyzed for the expediency of conducting a course of intensive care for especially valuable horses.
Сучасні тенденції на вітчизняному ринку ферумвмісних препаратів для тварин
Authors: Derkach I.
Published: November 2017

The article presents an analysis of the domestic market of veterinary preparations of Ferum. It is established that nowadays it is represented by 13 drugs of the following group: QV03A Antianemic agents. Preparations of iron, according to ATS-vet classification. Assortment of 38% is provided by pharmaceutical goods of Ukrainian producers: «O.L.KAR-AgroZoOvetService», PP Farmaton, LLC «BROVAFARMA», Ltd. «Research and experimental production Institute of Epizootology», PP «BIOFARM», LLC «Vetsintez». Imported products (62%) are presented by Pharmacosmos A/S (Kingdom Denmark), MERIEL, KOOFAVET C.A.C. (France), Wagen B & G Co., Ltd. (Southern Korea), Bovet Pulawi Cp. with oh (Poland), Interchemy Werken «De Adelaar» Esti AS (Estonia), Biowet, a.s. (Czech Republic). In the composition of modern drugs, the dextran complex of ferric hydroxide (III) is used. Its combination with other active substances is included into 46% of medicines. Preparations, such as Intrafer-100 B12, Intrafer-200-B12, Ferovita-200, Ferrovet+B12 also contain cyanocobalamin.Vitamins of other groups, macro- and micronutrients, inactivated normal pig blood serum are contained in GAFFERWIT (Biowet, Czech Republic) and Soiferovit (Bilovet Pulawi, Poland). Among the above-mentioned drugs only FERROVET + B12 is produced in Ukraine (LLC «Vetsintez»).
Особливості будови стравоходу та його лімфоїдної тканини горобця домового (Passer domesticus)
Authors: Dyshlyuk N.V.
Published: November 2017

The features of the structure of the esophagus and its lymphoid tissue of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) have been studied. It is shown that its wall is formed by well expressed mucous, muscular and least developed adventitial (serous in the caudal part) shells. The mucosa forms 7–9 longitudinal folds of leaf-shaped and finger-shaped forms directed into the lumen of the esophagus. It consists of epithelium, lamina propria, lamina muscularis and submucosa. The epithelial layer is represented by a multi-layered flat, weakly keratinizing epithelium and is better developed in the cranial part of this organ. Near the proventriculus, it passes into a single-layered cylindrical. In its lamina propria of the mucosa there are bags of numerous large esophageal glands in which mucus is recorded. Their excretory ducts open onto the surface of the mucosal epithelium. The lamina muscularis is intermittent in places, formed by a smooth muscle tissue. The submucosa is weakly expressed and its own plate is formed by a loose fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels. Between the esophagus glands, their excretory ducts and in the submucosa of the tunica mucosa on the border with the tunica muscular are separate clusters of diffuse lymphoid tissue, which are represented by cells of the lymphoid series without noticeable rarefaction and densities. The basis of the diffuse lymphoid tissue is the reticular tissue, the fibers of which, are densely disposed and do not have a definite orientation and form a small grid. In the area of transition of the esophagus to the proventriculus, the esophageal tonsil, which is inherent in many species of birds, is not expressed. In this area in the mucous membrane, only local accumulations of diffuse lymphoid tissue are recorded. There are no prenodules and lymphoid nodules. The tunica muscular of the esophagus is formed by a smooth muscle tissue, which forms the inner–circular and outer – longitudinal layers. Between them, layers of loose fibrous connective tissue and blood vessels are identified. Tunica adventitia (serosa) are formed by a loose fibrous connective tissue, and serosa is also covered by mesothelium.
Таксономічна характеристика РНК-геномних вірусів хребетних тварин і людини
Authors: Kalinina O.S.
Published: November 2017

The article presents a modern taxonomy and nomenclature of viruses of vertebrates animals and human based on information ICTV release 2016 (ratification 2017).  Described the basic criteria for the classification of viruses: characteristics of the viral genome, the mechanism of replication and virions structure. Viruses of vertebrates (1269 species) consist of 5 orders, 38 families, including 12 – DNA-genomic and 26 – RNA-genomic, 12 subfamilies and 233 genera. RNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates (679 species) classified of 4 orders, 26 families, 6 subfamilies and 119 genera. The order Mononegavirales has united family Paramyxoviridae, Pneumoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, Nyamiviridae and Sunviridae, order Nidovirales – family Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae, order Bunyavirales –family Hantaviridae, Nairoviridae, Peribunyaviridae and Phenuiviridae, order Picornavirales – family Picornaviridae. Family Rhabdoviridae, Nodaviridae, Peribunyaviridae, Phenuiviridae, Reoviridae and Birnaviridae, except viruses of vertebrates, contain viruses of insects, and family Rhabdoviridae, Phenuiviridae and Reoviridae – viruses of plants. There is а one of «floating» genus Deltavirus, which is not included of families. The family Reoviridae includes the Eriocheir sinensis reovirus, and the family Birnaviridae – Tellina virus. Described the taxa of viruses: family, subfamily, genera, species. Named typical species genera of viruses. Characterized the basic taxonomic features of RNA-genomic vertebrates viruses of animals and human: the shape, size and structure of virions – the presence of outer membrane lipoprotein, capsid symmetry type (spiral, icosahedral), the structure of the viral RNA (the number of threads, conformation, fragmentation, polarity). The attention to virus reproduction features. Replication of most RNA-genomic viruses occurs in cells of the cytoplasm, except for the representatives of the families Bornaviridae, Nyamiviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Retroviridae and «floating» genus Deltavirus, which are replicated in the nucleus. Output of the progeny virions in simply organized viruses is due to cell destruction, and in most of the complexly organized viruses – plasma membrane buds, as well as through the membranes of the Golgi complex or the endoplasmic net in combination with exocytosis (Peribunyaviridae, Hantaviridae, Nairoviridae, Phenuiviridae, Flaviviridae, Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae).
Особливості клітинного циклу мезенхімальних стовбурових клітин з жирової тканини собаки за різних пасажів культивування
Authors: Kladnytska L.V.
Published: November 2017

The features of the cell cycle of culture of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from the for different cultivating passages were studied. Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from the adipose tissue of the dog under a laminar flow hood by an explant method in our modification. Cell cultivation was carried out at 37 °C, 100% moisture and 5% CO2 in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% antibiotic-antimycotic. The culture medium was changed 2–3 times per week and the cells were selected by their capacity to attach to the flask surface. When culture flasks became 80% confluence, cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin containing 1 mmol/L EDTA and subsequently replayed at a concentration of 104 cells/cm2 for next passaging. A cells culture of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells was obtained on the 2nd, 7th and 12th passages. The method of flow cytometry determined the level of aneuploid cells and the distribution in the cell cycle phases. The morphology of cells of different passages was studied using an inverted microscope Axiovert 40. It was investigated that the culture of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue in the 2nd passage contains a significant number of the proliferative pool (S + G2/M) cells and it was 29.51 ± 3.56% of the total number of diploid cells. The number of aneuploid cells was 1.55 ± 0.43%. All cells had fibroblast-like morphology. It was established that in the middle passages (7th) in the culture of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue of the dog no significant changes were found in the distribution of cells in the phases of the cell cycle. The number of diploid cells of the proliferative pool S + G2/M and the G0/G1 pre-synthetic period remains unchanged. The level of aneuploidy increases only within the tendency. Morphologically, cells had fibroblast-like form. It was determined on 12th passage of cultivation, a significant decrease in the number of cells of the proliferative pool (S+G2/M), which was 18.93 ± 0.66% of the total number of diploid cells compared to the 2nd passage. The number of aneuploid cells increased and it was 3.49 ± 0.38%. Morphologically, separate cells had processes. The indicator of the effect of cells cultivation on the content of diploid cells of the proliferative pool (S+G2/M) in culture is ɳ2x = 70% (P < 0.05). So, first characteristic properties of the aging of the culture of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells appear on the 12th passage of cultivation.
Вплив трансплантації культур клітин на перебіг експериментального цукрового діабету у тварин
Authors: Kovpak V.V.
Published: November 2017

As we know from the literature data, type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs due to the loss of β-cells of island of Langerhans, manufacturing insulin, by the organism, which causes its deficiency. The treatment of this type of diabetes, even at early stages, lies in the substitution therapy together with a careful control of blood glucose which may last for life. It is for this reason that the cellular technologies as an alternative method of treatment of this pathology are growing more and more relevant.Objective of the study: to study the impact of allogenic transplantation of the cultures of bone marrow, lipid tissue and pancreas cells on the course of experimentally generated diabetes mellitus in animals.Task: 1. To obtain the cultures of bone marrow, lipid tissue and pancreas cells in rats. 2. To compare the impact of allogenic transplantation of the cultures of bone marrow, lipid tissue and pancreas cells in the course of experimentally generated diabetes mellitus in rats. 3. To study the impact of pancreas cells culture on the course of experimental diabetes mellitus in cats.The studies were conducted using clinically healthy animals (30 males of white non-pedigree rats with body weight of 200–250 g, aged 4–5 months; 9 white non-pedigree junior rats aged 12 days; 4 mongrel cats aged 15–17 months) and missed fetuses of cats remained after obstetric aid.Alloxan diabetes was generated by means of single subcutaneous injection of alloxane monohydrate in the dose of 150 mg/kg in the form of 5% solution on citrate buffer (pH 4.5) after preliminary 24-hour absolute diet with free access to water.The cultures of bone marrow and pancreas cells were obtained from the bone marrow of tubular bones and pancreas of puppies aged 12 days correspondingly, lipid tissue – from rats aged 4–5 months. The culture of cats’ pancreas cells was obtained from the pancreas of cat fetuses. Cell culture process was carried out according the standard method in CO2- incubator. Glucose level in blood serum was determined by means of electrochemical analysis.The results of the study. The authors studied the impact of allogenic transplantation cells culture of bone marrow, lipid tissue and pancreas on the course of experimentally generated diabetes mellitus in rats. The study revealed the decrease of glucose level in the blood of the animals under investigation at cell material transplantation. The most efficient culture for experimental diabetes mellitus therapy is the culture of pancreas cells which has become the cause of its further study in cats.During allogenic transplantation cells culture of pancreas in cats the authors observed abrupt decrease of glucose level in the blood of the animals under investigation  immediately after cell transplantation with the further approximation to the initial state.The experimental models presented the positive effect of cell culture transplantation providing the grounds for the further implementation of this diabetes mellitus therapy method in the clinical practice.
Ідентифікація небезпечних чинників під час вирощування райдужної форелі в умовах замкнутого водопостачання
Authors: Grynevych N. , Dyman T. , Kukhtyn M. , Semanyuk V. , Sliusarenko A.
Published: November 2017

Identification of dangerous factors for a conditional industrial farm for rainbow trout growing in conditions of Recurculating aquaculture system (RAS) was carried out. During the analysis of dangerous factors, the degree of significant influence and probability of potential dangers were determined. Significant potential hazards have been identified at such technological stages as insemination and incubation of caviar, larval survival, caviar, larvae, young, commodity fish and pedigree.Biological filter is defined as a key link in the RAS the functioning of which effects on the quality and safety of commercial fish. It carries out aerobic and anaerobic processes to remove contaminations in the form of ammonium producing by fish, and carbon dioxide, which is formed from undigested food and feces. There are such dangerous factors on the stage of biological purification of water: biological – possible exceeding the total microbial number (more than 100 CFU/cm3), the number of nitrifying (more than 106 CFU/cm3) and E. coli groupbacteria, the presence of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa; chemical – exceeding the content of nitrates (more than 50 mg / dm3), nitrites (more than 0.5 mg/dm3), pH – above 8.In addition to purely technological, there are additional dangerous factors – related to the functioning of the biofilter, fish feeding and the use of veterinary preparations and disinfectants. The potential hazards identified in the work are important to be taken into account in the process of implementation of Rainbow Trout HACCP plan.
Aлгоритм імплементації належної практики молочного фермерства з метою отримання безпечного та якісного молока-сировини
Authors: Kondrasii L.A. , Iakubchak O.M. , Shevchenko L.V.
Published: November 2017

Currently, Ukraine has not control of sanitation and hygiene of obtaining raw milk on the farm. This is connected of the Order of the Prime Minister of Ukraine dated January 20, 2016, No. 94-р «On the recognition of invalid acts, and those that are not applicable in Ukraine, regulations of sanitary legislation» The assessment of some safety and quality indicators of milk is carried out only when milk is received for processing. An algorithm for the implementation of good dairy farming practices in Ukrainian farms has been developed, that give consideration the analysis of the current practices of raw milk production in Ukraine. The algorithm is based on the principles of good dairy farming practices and good farming practices for animal production food safety. The implementation of the algorithm will give an opportunity to provide and analyze of raw milk safety and quality parameters on Ukrainian farms. An algorithm of good dairy farming practices implementation on Ukraine farms take into account the creation of a working group, the development of 12 programs (which are provided with the 71st instruction) and the establish a farmstead laboratory.Give consideration research data about technical support and milk production practices at Ukrainian farms, we have been developed two blocks of programs to implement good dairy farming practices. a block of cow welfare programs and a block of programs for obtaining safe and high-quality milk-raw materials. The first – A block of programs for ensuring of cows welfare, includes programs: good stable climate, dairy barn and farm territory hygiene and technical condition, feed and water hygiene, good veterinary management, calves management, and occupational health of cow's carers. The second – A block of programs for ensuring safety and quality raw milk, includes programs: preparation of cows for milking, good milking practice, post-milking measures, control of support for technical serviceability of dairy equipment, good sanitary and hygienic status of dairy equipment and milking room, and the hygiene and occupational health of persons employed in the milking of the farm.
Ветеринарно-санітарна оцінка якості та безпеки харчових продуктів у Житомирському регіоні
Authors: Kotelevich V.A.
Published: November 2017

The results of Veterinary Expertise of food according to Zhytomyr Regional State Veterinary Laboratory (2014–2015rr.) And state laboratories Veterinary Expertise of household markets. Zhytomyr and Zhytomyr region. The main reason for culling offal 2014–2015 gg. Were invasive disease, including 658 (3.45%) patients in the study Fasciolosis products of slaughter cattle, 5033 –  echinococcosis (3.59%) and 413 (0.29%) – Metastrongillosis in pigs. In terms of safety and quality (content of toxic elements, pesticides, mycotoxins, antibiotics) sausage and cooked sausage highest, grade 1 and 2 met the regulatory requirements. For sanitary indicators in 4.4% of samples of meat products were isolated Escherichia coli in 11.1% – mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms. They can, under appropriate conditions, cause food poisoning, so sausage wares have been directed to disinfection by evaporation and translated into lower grades. We conducted bacteriological tests of meat samples availability of enterobacteria, MAFAnM (mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria) and bacteria of the genus Salmonella immediately after slaughter showed that the number of microorganisms on the surface of the ink was: kind of Enterobacteriaceae 28,5 ± 1,1 × 105 CFU/cm2, mesophilic aerobic and optionally anaerobic microorganisms (MAPANM) – 38.8 ± 1.05 CFU × 103/cm2. Salmonella from carcass was not detected. The dairy product safety guarantor in Ukraine remains a system for monitoring sanitary hazards and residual amounts of toxic substances. In order to eliminate the risk of dangers to the consumer of dairy products, it is necessary to improve the control system of raw materials used for manufacturing products, according to safety indicators at all stages of production. Therefore, we consider it appropriate to draw the attention of specialists of veterinary medicine in the veterinary and sanitary conditions of milk and dairy products, gain control in government laboratories vetsanekspertizy household markets using antibiotics and in slaughtered animals to prevent a realization of substandard products, improve the sanitary condition of the storage and implementation of animal Products, prevention of invasive and non-contagious diseases in cattle and pigs.