bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rola rad młodzieżowych w lokalnym życiu publicznym (wyniki badań empirycznych)
Authors:   Instytut Nauk o Polityce, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Boratyn Dominik
Published: March 2021

Youth councils are one of the entities functioning within local government units. According to law, the councils have an advisory character, but in practice these bodies also perform a number of other functions. Youth councils are forums that represent the views of young people at a local level; the councils shape, develop, activate, and educate the youth as well as create a forum for cooperation between local authorities and young people. The work in a youth council contributes to the development of a person's personality; it provides satisfaction, self-fulfillment; helps to develop social competences and to meet the need to be noticed and appreciated. The paper presents the results of empirical research, in which the author proves that the main role of youth councils is to activate the local life of young people.
Influence of fertilizer and salicylic acid treatments on growth, physiological, and antioxidant characteristics in green and red Perilla frutescens varieties
Authors: JHOU Yin-Jheng , LIN Kuan-Hung , WU Chun-Wei , CHANG Yu-Sen
Published: March 2021

Perilla is herbaceous plant, functional food, and nutraceutical product with antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth, reflectance indices, and antioxidant properties of P. frutescens species in response to fertilizer and salicylic acid (SA) applications. Two independent experiments were carried out in an environmentally controlled greenhouse: (1) pots of red-leaf and green-leaf cultivars divided into four groups treated with 10-30-20 (10N-13.1P-16.6K), 15-10-30 (15N-4.4P-24.9K), 20-20-20 (20N-8.7P-16.6K), and 30-10-10 (30N-4.4P-8.3K) fertilizers for periods of 10 weeks, and (2) pots of red and green Perilla cultivars divided into five groups treated with 0 (control), 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 µM of SA for periods of 7 weeks. Wide variations occurred in the agronomic performance, soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) value, adjusted normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), and antioxidant activity of the two Perilla varieties. All the measured traits were higher in green than in red Perilla under identical fertilizing, and all agronomic traits in green and red Perilla plants subjected to 125 and 500 μM SA were better than in controls. The SPAD and NDVI values of all plants increased as N% increased, the lowest Fv/Fm values of all plants were observed under 15-10-30 fertilizer treatment, the lowest NDVI values were detected in controls, and the Fv/Fm values of all plants decreased under 1,000 μM SA treatment. These indices can be used as indicators to characterize the physiology of these plants and are suitable for evaluating their growth and development under specific fertilizer and SA treatments. Green Perilla leaf extract (PLE) contained higher rosmarinic acid (RA) concentration in each fertilizer treatment, and higher total phenolic (TP) and RA concentration in each SA treatment. However, red PLE contained higher caffeic acid (CA) concentration than green PLE in each fertilizer and SA treatment, implying that their two genotypes exhibited different abilities and specificities of photosynthetic metabolites, and that different varieties may prepare for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity by up-regulating TP, RA, and CA concentration differently. Thus, Perilla plants can be used as health foods due to high TP, RA, and CA concentration. To produce Perilla efficiently in industrial applications, we undertook to determine the optimum N-P-K fertilizer ratio and SA application for maximizing the growth and accumulation of TP, RA, and CA in Perilla plants.
Filamentous fungi isolated from Tunisian olive mill wastes: use of solid-state fermentation for enzyme production
Authors: ZAIER Hanen , MAKTOUF Sameh , ROUSSOS Sevastianos , RHOUMA Ali
Published: March 2021

Olive mill wastewaters and olive cake are efﬂuents generated during olive oil production process. They represent a major disposal and potentially severe pollution problem for the industry, also promising source of substances of high value. The aim of this study is the valorization of olive mill wastes (OMWW, olive cake, olive twigs and leaves) to produce enzymes with high industrial and biotechnological potential, by the solid-state fermentation technique (SSF), from isolated fungi present in olive mill wastewater and olive cake. A total of 47 strains were isolated and purified from these two residues. The metabolic potential of isolated strains was study by testing the hydrolytic enzymes activities of lipase, protease, amylase, cellulase, invertase, phytase and tannase on agar plate media containing different substrate. The monitoring of SSF has shown that the metabolic activity of these strains is extremely rapid using this technique. Our fungi collection contains a diversity of strains capable to producing a variety of enzymes of biotechnological interest.
Transcriptome-wide identification and characterization of WD40 genes, as well as their tissue-specific expression profiles and responses to heat stress in Dimocarpus longan Lour.
Authors: ZHENG Wei , ZHANG Ziwei , YU Xuefei , XIE Tongtong , CHEN Ning , LI Wenlan
Published: March 2021

The WD40 transcription factor (TF) family is widespread in plants and plays important roles in plant growth and development, transcriptional regulation, and tolerance to abiotic stresses. WD40 TFs have been identified and characterized in a diverse series of plant species. However, little information is available on WD40 genes from D. longan. In this study, a total of 45 DlWD40 genes were identified from D. longan RNA-Seq data, and further analysed by bioinformatics tools. Also, the expression patterns of DlWD40 genes in roots and leaves, as well as responses to heat stress, were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We found that the 45 DlWD40 proteins, together with 80 WD40 proteins from Arabidopsis and Zea mays, could be categorized into six groups. Of these, the DlWD40-4 protein was highly homologous to Arabidopsis WDR5a, a protein participating in tolerance to abiotic stresses. Moreover, a total of 25 cis-acting elements, such as abiotic stress and flavonoid biosynthesis elements, were found in the promoters of DlWD40 genes. The DlWD40-33 gene is targeted by miR3627, which has been proposed to be involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Using qRT-PCR, ten of the 45 DlWD40 genes were demonstrated to have diverse expression patterns between roots and leaves, and these ten DlWD40 genes could also respond to varying durations of a 38 °C heat stress in roots and leaves. The results reported here will provide a basis for the further functional verification of DlWD40 genes in D. longan.
Mitigation of salinity stress by exogenous application of cytokinin in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: ABDEL LATEF Arafat A. , HASANUZZAMAN Md. , TAHJIB-UL-ARIF Md.
Published: March 2021

Soil salinity limits agricultural land use and crop productivity, thereby a major threat to global food safety. Plants treated with several phytohormones including cytokinins were recently proved as a powerful tool to enhance plant’s adaptation against various abiotic stresses. The current study was designed to investigate the potential role of 6-benzyladenine (BA) to improve broad bean (Vicia faba L.) salinity tolerance. The salt-stressed broad bean plantlets were classified into two groups, one of which was sprayed with water and another was sprayed with 200 ppm of BA. Foliar applications of BA to salt-exposed plants promoted the growth performance which was evidenced by enhanced root-shoot fresh and dry biomass. Reduced proline was strongly connected to the enhanced soluble proteins and free amino acids contents, protecting plant osmotic potential following BA treatment in salt-stressed broad bean. BA balanced entire mineral homeostasis and improved mineral absorption and translocation from roots to shoots, shoots to seeds and roots to seeds in salt-stressed plants. Excessive salt accumulation increased malondialdehyde level in leaves creating oxidative stress and disrupting cell membrane whereas BA supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation and improved oxidative defence. BA spray to salinity-stressed plants also compensated oxidative damage by boosting antioxidants defence mechanisms, as increased the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase. Moreover, clustering heatmap and principal component analysis revealed that mineral imbalances, osmotic impairments and increased oxidative damage were the major contributors to salts toxicity, on the contrary, BA-augmented mineral homeostasis and higher antioxidant capacity were the reliable markers for creating salinity stress tolerance in broad bean. In conclusion, the exogenous application of BA alleviated the antagonistic effect of salinity and possessed broad bean to positively regulate the osmoprotectants, ion homeostasis, antioxidant activity and finally plant growth and yield, perhaps suggesting these easily-accessible and eco-friendly organic compounds could be powerful tools for the management of broad bean growth as well as the development of plant resiliency in saline prone soils.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals gene network regulation of TGase-induced thermotolerance in tomato
Authors: JAHAN Mohammad S. , SHI Zhengrong , ZHONG Min , ZHANG Yuemei , ZHOU Ranran , EL-MOGY Mohamed M. , SUN Jin , SHU Sheng , GUO Shirong , WANG Yu
Published: March 2021

Transglutaminase (TGase), the ubiquitous protein in plants, catalyzes the post-translational transformation of proteins and plays a vital role in photosynthesis. However, its role and mechanism in tomato subjected to heat stress still remain unknown. Here, we carried out a transcriptomic assay to compare the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between wild type (WT) and TGase overexpression (TGaseOE) plants employed to high-temperature at 42 °C and samples were collected after 0, 6, and 12 h, respectively. A total of 11,516 DEGs were identified from heat-stressed seedlings, while 1,148 and 1,353 DEGs were up-and down-regulated, respectively. The DEGs upon high-temperature stress were closely associated with the pathways encompassing protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, carbon fixation, and photosynthetic metabolism. In addition, 425 putative transcription factors (TFs) were identified, and the majority of them associated with the bHLH, HSF, AP2/ERF, MYB, and WRKY families. RNA-seq data validation further confirmed that 8 genes were linked to protein processing and photosynthesis, and the mRNA level of these genes in TGaseOE was higher than that in WT plants, which is consistent in transcriptome results. In conclusion, these results reveal the transcriptional regulation between WT and TGaseOE in tomato under heat stress and shed light on a new dimension of knowledge of TGase-mediated thermotolerance mechanism at the molecular level.
In-vitro evaluation of antioxidant and antiradical potential of successive extracts, semi-purified fractions and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles of Rumex vesicarius
Authors: YOUNES Kareem M. , ROMEILAH Ramy M. , EL-BELTAGI Hossam S. , EL MOLL Hani , RAJENDRASOZHAN Saravanan , EL-SHEMY Hany A. , SHALABY Emad A.
Published: March 2021

The aim of the present study was to assess in vitro the antiradical and antioxidant activities of successive extracts and semi-purified fractions from Rumex vesicarius L. In the present work, three extracts (n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) and 22 column fractions of methanolic extract (as promising extract) were evaluated against 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging methods as antiradical and antioxidant activities compared with Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as synthetic standard and silver nanoparticles of methanolic extract (Ag-NPs-Me), in addition to analysis of   chemical constituents of extract and fraction using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The obtained results revealed that, both methods go parallel showing that the concentration of extract and incubation time are dependent and proportional with phenolic compounds concentration.  Absolute methanol extract recorded the highest antioxidant activity when compared with the other crude extracts with 79.3 and 78.8% against DPPH and ABTS respectively when compared with BHT as synthetic standard (89.4 and 89.9%) against DPPH and ABTS respectively. Calculation of the antiradical activity units showed the highest values of methanolic extract and its promising fraction (No. 12) after 300 seconds (5 minutes) comparing with antioxidant activity (30 min). Also, the antioxidant activity increased with synthetic Ag-NPs-Me when compared with methanolic extract by (IC50= 53.9 and 74.6 µg/ml respectively).  Thus, the GC-MS analysis of successive extracts of R. vesicarius L showed a highly complex profile, containing approximately 24 different components. One pure compound was identified from fraction No. 12. The identified compound was l-(+)- ascorbic acid 2, 6-dihexadecanoate. The data also revealed presence of closely similar antioxidant activities in methanolic extract or its pure compounds with BHT when mixed at different proportions. From the obtained results it could be concluded that R. vesicarius methanolic extracts and fractions can be extensively used in the production of potential antioxidant, antiradical and AgNPs-Me for biomedical application on the consumer’s health.
Skeletal involvement in Gaucher disease: extent of bone disease, splenic volume, and quality of life
Authors: Mello Ricardo Andrade Fernandes de , Mello Melissa Bosi Nonato , Pessanha Laís Bastos , Fonseca Ana Paula Alves
Published: March 2021

Abstract Objective: To investigate the correlations among the extent of bone involvement, splenic volume, and quality of life in patients with Gaucher disease. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study of 18 patients with Gaucher disease who underwent 3-T magnetic resonance imaging of both femurs and the lumbar spine. Semiquantitative analyses were performed on the basis of the bone marrow burden (BMB) score. We looked for linear relationships among the variables splenic volume, quality of life score, and BMB score. Results: We identified a linear relationship between the BMB scores and splenic volume. The quality of life score showed no statistically significant relationship with splenic volume or the BMB score. Conclusion: The linear relationship between the BMB score and the splenic volume indicates that the extent of bone disease is greater in individuals with splenomegaly. No correlation was found between the BMB and quality of life scores, illustrating the insidious and silent progression of Gaucher disease.
Ultrasound measurement of thyroid volume in euthyroid children under 3 years of age
Authors: Souza Luís Ronan Marquez Ferreira de , Sedassari Nathalie de Almeida , Dias Eduarda Lemes , Dib Fernanda Cristina Mattos , Palhares Heloisa Marcelina Cunha , Silva Adriana Paula da , Tomé Janaíne Machado , Borges Maria de Fátima
Published: March 2021

Abstract Objective: To establish ultrasound reference values for thyroid volumes in children up to 3 years of age, given that ultrasound of the thyroid is an essential examination in the diagnosis of childhood thyroid disease. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in an iodine-sufficient city in southeastern Brazil. A total of 100 healthy children underwent clinical evaluation, anthropometric examination, and cervical ultrasound in accordance with conventional protocols. We evaluated characteristics such as echotexture, thyroid lobe volume, and total thyroid volume. The children were divided into five groups, by age: < 2 months; 2-12 months; 12-18 months; 18-24 months; and 24-36 months. Results: The mean thyroid volume was lower in the < 2 month age group than in the other groups (0.4 mL vs. 0.18-0.70 mL; p < 0.001). For the subjects between 2 and 36 months of age, the mean volume was 1.0 mL (range, 0.30-2.0 mL). No other significant differences were observed between groups, thyroid lobes, or gender. However, body mass index correlated significantly with total thyroid volume (r = 0.347; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The mean thyroid dimensions were smallest in the < 2 month age group (0.35 ± 0.16 mL). For the subjects between 2 and 36 months of age, a reference value of 0.85 ± 0.42 mL can be used. Our data could guide the diagnostic investigation of thyroid disease, especially congenital hypothyroidism, in childhood.
Intravenous contrast use and acute kidney injury: a retrospective study of 1,238 inpatients undergoing computed tomography
Authors: Coser Thyago A. , Leitão Juliana S. V. , Beltrame Betina M. , Selistre Luciano S. , Tasso Leandro
Published: March 2021

Abstract Objective: To determine the incidence of nephropathy induced by intravenous contrast in hospitalized patients undergoing computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 1,238 patients who underwent CT with or without intravenous administration of a contrast agent (iopromide). The primary outcome measure was acute kidney injury (AKI), as defined by the traditional criteria-an absolute or relative increase in serum creatinine (SCr) ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or ≥ 25% over baseline, respectively, at 2-3 days after contrast administration-and the newer, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria-an absolute or relative increase in SCr ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or ≥ 50% over baseline, respectively, at 2-7 days after contrast administration. Results: The overall incidence of AKI was 11.52% when the KDIGO criteria were applied. Univariate logistic regression demonstrated a significant association between an absolute post-CT increase in SCr ≥ 0.5 mg/dL and AKI, although that association did not retain significance in the multivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression initially found an association between an absolute post-CT increase in SCr ≥ 0.3 mg/dL and advanced age, although that association was not maintained after correction. We found no association between AKI and the risk factors evaluated. Conclusion: We identified no criteria for contrast-induced nephropathy after CT; nor did we find AKI to be associated with the classical risk factors.
Narrative Economics and Behavioral Economics: contributions to the behavioral insights on post-Keynesian theory
Authors: FREITAS GABRIEL VILELA RESENDE
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this review is to discuss the formation of knowledge proposed by Keynes on his Treatise on Probability, and the economic agents’ behavior in an uncertainty scenario presented on his General Theory, by the Narrative Economics’ and Behavioral Economics perspectives. The hypothesis that will be analyzed is that in a keynesian uncertainty scenario, economic agents tend to act according to their context (social, geographic, historic, cultural) spreading narratives by which they identify themselves and orient decisions that cause sensible movements on the economic aggregates. Revisiting the literature, we could conclude that by bringing together the behavioral economy and the narrative economy theory, we could, from the Keynes’ insights on his writings, perceive strong empirical evidence that can be analytically important on the assessment of the economic fluctuations.
Selection of microorganisms and preparation of inoculants with potential applications in the remediation of soil contaminated with hexazinone
Authors: Santos Vanessa Silva , Martins Paula Fabiane , Borgo Lucélia , Faria Paula Sperotto Alberto , Silva Cintia Faria da , Jakelaitis Adriano
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: The excessive use of agrochemicals negatively impacts the environment, making the development of sustainable technologies for the reduction of contaminants in soil necessary. Hexazinone is the herbicide most used for sugarcane crops and persists in the environment. Moreover, its main route of degradation in the soil is through microorganisms. Therefore, six microorganisms were selected that presented growth in the presence of the herbicide; SCR1 - Microbacterium arborescens; SCR2 - Bacillus pumilus; SCM3 - Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; SCM4 - Bacillus cereus; SCM5A - M. arborescens; and SCM5B - B. safensis. A test was performed to evaluate the ability of each lineage in phosphate solubilization. For the Ca3(PO4)2 solubilization test, the strains that showed the best results were B. pumilus and S. maltophilia. Subsequently, the inoculants were prepared and the concentrations after plating were 2.71 × 109 CFU mL-1 for B. pumilus, 1.02 × 109 CFU mL-1 for S. maltophilia, and 1.14 × 1010 CFU mL-1 for a combination of the two strains. These were satisfactory values for use as inoculants.
Identification of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and indicator microorganisms in commercialized raw meats and fresh sausages from Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Soares Vanessa Mendonça , Padilha Matheus Beltrame , Guerra Maria Eduarda de Moraes , Schneider Fernando Alves , Gasparetto Raíssa , Santos Emanoelli Aparecida Rodrigues dos , Tadielo Leonardo Ereno , Brum Mário Celso Sperotto , Traesel Carolina Kist , Pereira Juliano Gonçalves
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the sanitary hygienic quality and the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in raw meats and fresh sausages marketed in the city of Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. We analyzed 238 samples of fresh sausages, beef, pork, and chicken from 18 commercial establishments (butchers, supermarkets, and groceries). Samples were subjected to enumerate hygiene indicator microorganisms (mesophilic aerobes and enterobacteria) and detection of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. The mean counts of mesophilic aerobes and enterobacteria were 5.09 and 3.54 log CFU/g, respectively. Beef samples presented the highest frequency of Salmonella spp. (7.93%) and fresh sausages present the highest frequency of L. monocytogenes (19.04%). Among the analyzed samples, 43.70% did not comply with the microbiological parameters established by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The presence of Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes in different samples and commercial establishments demonstrate the failures of good manufacturing practices in industrial environmental and retails points and the need to train food handlers to reduce the exposure of consumers to potential risks.
Two-dimensional and three-dimensional techniques for determining the kinematic patterns for hindlimb obstacle avoidance during sheep locomotion
Authors: Diogo Camila Cardoso , Fonseca Bárbara , Almeida Francisca Soares Marques de , Costa Luís Maltez da , Pereira José Eduardo , Filipe Vítor , Couto Pedro Alexandre , Geuna Stefano , Armada-da-Silva Paulo Alexandre , Maurício Ana Colette , Varejão Artur Severo Proença
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Analysis of locomotion is often used as a measure for impairment and recovery following experimental peripheral nerve injury. Compared to rodents, sheep offer several advantages for studying peripheral nerve regeneration. In the present study, we compared for the first time, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) hindlimb kinematics during obstacle avoidance in the ovine model. This study obtained kinematic data to serve as a template for an objective assessment of the ankle joint motion in future studies of common peroneal nerve (CP) injury and repair in the ovine model. The strategy used by the sheep to bring the hindlimb over a moderately high obstacle, set to 10% of its hindlimb length, was pronounced knee, ankle and metatarsophalangeal flexion when approaching and clearing the obstacle. Despite the overall time course kinematic patterns about the hip, knee, ankle, and metatarsophalangeal were identical, we found significant differences between values of the 2D and 3D joint angular motion. Our results showed that the most apparent changes that occurred during the gait cycle were for the ankle (2D-measured STANCEmax: 157±2.4 degrees vs. 3D-measured STANCEmax: 151±1.2 degrees; P<.05) and metatarsophalangeal joints (2D-measured STANCEmin: 151±2.2 degrees vs. 3D-measured STANCEmin: 162 ± 2.2 degrees; P<.01 and 2D-measured TO: 163±4.9 degrees vs. 3D-measured TO: 177±1.4 degrees; P<.05), whereas the hip and knee joints were much less affected. Data and techniques described here are useful for an objective assessment of altered gait after CP injury and repairin an ovine model.
O Show da Luna como Gênero Mediador de Educação Científica
Authors: Santana Bruno Reis , Silva Wagner Rodrigues , Freitas Mirella Oliveira
Published: March 2021

Resumo: Este artigo relata uma investigação de natureza documental, realizada no campo de estudos interdisciplinares da Linguística Aplicada. O objeto de pesquisa é a animação O Show da Luna, aqui categorizada como gênero emergente desenho animado científico educativo. O objetivo geral foi discutir as representações de ciência e analisar as funções pedagógicas que a animação pode assumir para mediar práticas e educação científica de crianças, especialmente abrangendo as humanidades como ciência legítima. Focalizou-se a ciência da língua(gem), que perpassa por todas as demais áreas científicas, construindo-as, mediando suas produções e comunicações. Por isso, a pesquisa resultou também na proposição de roteiros alternativos para a animação, visando-se a formação pela pesquisa em língua portuguesa na Educação Infantil.
Relações entre a Compreensão de Leitura, Resolução de Problemas de Raciocínio Quantitativo e Funções Executivas
Authors: Assis Évelin Fulginiti de , Nogues Camila Peres , Corso Luciana Vellinho , Dorneles Beatriz Vargas , Corso Helena Vellinho
Published: March 2021

Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar as relações entre o desempenho em tarefas de resolução de problemas de raciocínio quantitativo, de leitura e de funções executivas em alunos de quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Além disso, foi verificada a presença do efeito de consistência, relacionado à concordância entre a linguagem do enunciado e a operação a ser utilizada nos problemas matemáticos. Os resultados evidenciaram relações (correlação de Spearman) entre as tarefas de: resolução de problemas, reconhecimento de palavras e compreensão de leitura, apontando para o importante papel da realização de inferências. Também foram encontradas correlações significativas entre as medidas de funções executivas, de compreensão de leitura e de resolução de problemas, com destaque para a memória de trabalho. O efeito de consistência foi encontrado (comparação de Wilcoxon), demonstrando que problemas cuja linguagem é consistente com a operação envolvida são mais fáceis de resolver do que os de linguagem inconsistente.
Design of a smart LED lamp to monitor insect populations in an integrated pest management approach
Authors: Carvalho Maicon W. M. de , Hickel Eduardo R. , Bertoldi Bruno , Knabben Gustavo C. , Novaes Yales R. de
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to present the design and field test results of an LED (light emitting diode) lamp for integrated pest management (IPM) and other entomological studies. The light spectrum of the LEDs was tuned to optimize insect attraction and lower energy consumption. An electronic circuit with control software was integrated with the lamp, enabling it to operate in standalone mode, automatically identify night and day, monitor and control the battery charge with energy from a photovoltaic solar panel, protect the battery against over-discharge, and provide feedback about the operating status of the system. Additionally, energy consumption is about five times lower than that of the fluorescent lamp, reducing the battery and solar panel size needed for its energy supply. In the 2017/2018 growing season, the smart LED lamp was installed in a Sonne light trap in an irrigated rice field, and the total number of insects captured was compared with the number collected in a conventional light trap fitted with a traditional 15 W black light fluorescent lamp. Total captures in the Sonne trap were approximately three times greater than in the conventional system.
A DISSIMULAÇÃO E A NUDEZ DA IMAGINAÇÃO MORAL EM “A IGREJA DO DIABO”
Authors: PEREIRA NETO ANTÔNIO JOAQUIM
Published: March 2021

Resumo O artigo analisa o conto "A igreja do diabo". A proposta é demonstrar que Machado de Assis faz de sua ficção um instrumento de análise crítica dos fundamentos morais constitutivos da filosofia clássica e da doutrina cristã. Ao expor a inconstância das escolhas e da conduta humana, o escritor brasileiro coloca em questão a efetivação, no mundo das ideias, do bem, da retidão moral e da verdade construídas pela episteme ocidental. Nota-se que seu discurso é marcado retoricamente pela dissimulação de sua presença, sobretudo quando manipula os códigos simbólicos da figuração ficcional na elaboração de efeitos cujos sentidos são determinados pela leitura cuja verossimilhança é o pressuposto de uma razão discursiva passível de ser reconhecida na concatenação aguda dos seus artifícios.
The Political Economy of Brazilian Industrial Policy (2003 - 2014): Main Vectors, Shortcomings and Directions to Improve Effectiveness
Authors: Guimarães Alexandre Queiroz
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT This paper is a study about industrial policy and its role in development, investigating how it was recently adopted in Brazil. After a decade of neoliberalism, industrial policy returned to the agenda, increasing the interest in its evaluation. Initially, the article explores general matters related to the needs for industrial policy and to the required factors and procedures that contribute to successful implementation. A benchmark is created to interpret the Brazilian experience. Despite its prioritization and the achievement of specific advances, industrial policy in Brazil failed to produce more consistent results. The main reasons include the lack of an appropriate coordination structure, the incapacity to focus on clear productivity and competitiveness targets, the excessive number of sectors contemplated, the lack of any consistent evaluation and the inability to achieve an encompassing negotiation with business representatives. These deficiencies weakened the possibility of addressing the serious shortcomings inherent to Brazilian industry.
Experimental study on site filling of sandy soil for railway subgrade
Authors: Lu Zheng , Tang Chuxuan , Xian Shaohua , She Jianbo , Yao Hailin
Published: March 2021

Applying cohesive soil to wrap fine sand on a subgrade slope is a new type of filling technology in railway subgrade construction. The choices of specific compaction methods and quality evaluation indicators are critical for achieving high compaction quality. In this paper, a series of field rolling tests with different compaction machines was carried out in the experimental section of China Menghua railway. Then, the compaction quality was gauged considering different indexes such as relative density (Dr), degree of compaction (K), coefficient of subgrade reaction (K30) and dynamic modulus of deformation (Evd). It is shown that adopting clayey soil (namely, wrapping soil) to cover a sandy roadbed slope can keep the internal humidity of the subgrade stable. For compaction of the fine sand used in this study, it was better to select a bulldozer to squeeze along the longitudinal and horizontal directions alternately six times, and the lift thickness was set at 35 cm. The results show a linear relationship between Evd and K30 for the sand. The application of Evd as a substitute for K30 in the compaction evaluation of sand subgrade can lead to significant efficiency.
Influence of particle size scale on mechanical properties of tailings under high pressure
Authors: Pan Zhenkai , Zhang Chao , Guo Xiaogang , Ma Changkun , Ma Lei , Gan Shucheng
Published: March 2021

Particle size has an effect on the mechanical properties of tailings materials. The mechanics and crushing characteristics of tailings at high pressure are a research focus for high tailings dams. Tailings with different particle sizes were tested under laboratory high-pressure triaxial compression. The effect of particle size on the compression characteristics of tailings was studied, along with the strength and deformation of tailings with different particle sizes. Based on particle size distribution, the crushing characteristics of the tailings were quantitatively analysed. A mathematical model for crushing index and tailings strength was established. Under high pressure, shearing contraction failure occurred in the tailings samples. The stress–strain relation of the tailings showed strain softening at low confining pressure and continuous hardening at high confining pressure. The confining pressure at which the stress–strain relation changed from strain softening to strain hardening increased with increased particle size. Due to the higher degree of particle crushing for coarse tailings during the shearing under high pressure, the volume deformation of the coarse samples decreases continuously further. It shows increase in the amount of particle breakage as the confining pressure, but the increase rate decreased with the confining pressure increased. The Box Lucas loading accumulation model was used to describe the change in particle breakage with confining pressure. The peak strength of tailings increased exponentially with the improved relative crushing rate.
Numerical evaluation of backfill compaction behind the face of reinforced soil walls
Authors: Ehrlich Mauricio , Mirmoradi Seyed Hamed , Tortureli Marcela
Published: March 2021

The effects of the compaction conditions and backfill material behind the face of reinforced soil walls (RSWs) were numerically investigated. The analyses were carried out using a two-dimensional finite-element computer program considering different backfill materials in the zone 1 m behind the wall face and different compaction conditions. The results of the analyses were compared with data from a 16.7 m high well-instrumented, steel-reinforced soil wall constructed in 1999 in the USA. The results illustrate the importance of the compaction conditions and the backfill material near the wall facing on the performance of RSWs both at the end of construction and post-construction.
BAZI ALAN BAZLI TARIMSAL DESTEKLERİN BUĞDAY ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: BALIKESİR ÖRNEĞİ (2009-2015)
Authors: KALABAK Ali Yasin , ASLAN Reha
Published: March 2021

İnsanlar için hayati önem taşıyan tarım sektörünün korunması adına devletler alan bazlı destekler vermektedir. Bu çalışma alan bazlı desteklerden mazot-gübre desteği ile toprak analizi desteğinin buğday üretimi üzerindeki etkisini,2009-2015 yılları arasında Balıkesir ilçeleri özelinde, panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada uygulanan ampirik testler sırasıyla; birinci nesil birim kök testleri, Pedroni paneleş-bütünleşme testi, Kaopanel eş-bütünleşme testi, panel FMOLS yöntemi ve Granger nedensellik testidir. Hem mazot-gübre desteği hem de toprak analizi desteği buğday üretimini olumlu etkilese de bu etkinin oldukça sınırlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Buğday üretiminin artırılabilmesi ve tarımsal desteklerin verimliliğinin sağlanabilmesi için daha çok kurumsal çerçevede politika önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Peri-articular infiltration in the resource-restrained environment - still a worthwhile adjunct to multimodal analgesia post total knee replacement
Authors: Van Heukelum M , Blake CA , Franken T , Burger MC , Ferreira N , Gobetz G
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Peri-articular infiltrations (PAI) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) offer effective analgesia, and are cost effective, safe and easy to perform. Currently there is no gold standard technique based on evidence-based medicine; described methods are based on consensus recommendations. The latest literature supports PAI including complex and multiple drug combinations, such as liposomal bupivacaine, ropivacaine and ketorolac, which are not available in all settings. This study aims to prove that a basic PAI technique using widely available and inexpensive agents offers good and effective outcomes in a resource-poor environment METHODS: A double-blind randomised control trial compared the effectiveness of PAI with a simple, widely available anaesthetic solution (bupivacaine and adrenalin) to a normal saline control group. Infiltration volumes were calculated at 1 ml/kg and the infiltration technique followed a specific protocol. Post-operative outcomes included visual analogue scores (VAS), ambulation scores, morphine use, knee range of motion (ROM) and time to discharge RESULTS: Two comparable groups of 26 patients each were included (intervention: 81% female, mean age 64.8±8.8 years vs control: 65% female, mean age 67.0±7.6 years). All pain-related measures favoured the intervention group but failed to reach statistical significance at 24 and 72 hours. Mean VAS scores at 48 hours were significantly lower in the intervention group. (VAS score 3.0±1.6 vs 4.1±1.2, p=0.013). The other parameters measured strongly favoured the intervention group but did not prove to be significant CONCLUSIONS: A volume per kilogram PAI technique making use of widely available, cost-effective agents provides a statistical reduction in VAS scores at 48 hours post TKA. This suggests that in a resource-poor environment PAI is still a valuable addition to the multimodal analgesia pathway in the post-operative management of TKA. Maximum drug doses may show even more promising results, specifically in the first 24 hours post-operatively. Further studies investigating PAI for TKA in resource-restrained environments are indicated Level of evidence: Level 2 Keywords: standardisation peri-articular infiltration, multimodal analgesia, pre-emptive analgesia
Does the Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act of 1998 provide Adequate Family Home Protection to Insolvent Debtors or Is It Still Pie in the Sky? (Part 2)
Authors: André Boraine
Published: March 2021

Although some legal systems provide some protection for a debtor’s homestead or family home when his or her estate is insolvent, such direct protective measures are absent in South African insolvency law. Such protection during insolvency can be provided by means of some level of exemption for the insolvent’s family home or homestead, as in the insolvency laws of the USA, or by providing protection of occupancy to the insolvents and his or her dependants, as is the case in England and Wales.In view of developments concerning the protection of a debtor’s primary residence in South African individual debt collecting and execution procedures (in light of the right to housing provided for in section 26 of the Constitution), the question was posed in Part 1 of this article whether a court hearing an application for compulsory sequestration should apply the same principles, especially if the debtor raises the point that the sequestration order may render him or her homeless. In this respect, no direct authority for this proposition could be found. (Commentators have argued for some time that the position of the homestead of the debtor in insolvency needs the legislature’s attention as well, but there has not been real progress in this regard to date.)However, there are a few judgments in which courts have considered the applicability of the Prevention of Illegal Eviction From and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act 19 of 1998 (the PIE Act) after sequestration of the insolvent’s estate. Part 2 of the article is therefore devoted to discussing developments in this regard and to considering what problems are encountered in applying the PIE Act during a debtor’s insolvency. Part 2 also considers whether this Act provides sufficient protection to insolvent debtors to prevent them from being evicted from “their” homes when they cannot afford alternative accommodation.Against this background, the two parts of the article deal with different aspects of the issue under discussion. Ultimately, the two parts aim to provide some answers to the pertinent question – that is, whether the PIE Act can provide effective interim and/or adequate protection to an insolvent debtor who may be evicted from his or her (former) homestead, in particular in the absence of direct measures in insolvency law to protect insolvents and their dependants under these circumstances. In raising this question, pertinent issues regarding the application of the PIE Act in insolvency are also considered.
Os princípios macro hermenêuticos do santuário celestial e suas implicações – Parte I
Authors: Flavio Teixeira Carlos
Published: March 2021

Este artigo é o primeiro de um estudo de duas partes que trata dos princípios macro hermenêuticos do santuário celestial conforme reivindicados nas Escrituras Sagradas e identificáveis à luz da compreensãohistoricista do tema. Começa definindo a macro hermenêutica e lembra sua importante conexão com as realidades do santuário celestial. Segue reconhecendo a existência e significado dos princípios fundamentaisde correspondências ontológica, estrutural e funcional entre os santuários celestial e terrestre – conforme estabelecidos na Bíblia e reafirmados nos escritos de Ellen G. White – enfatizando o papel macro hermenêutico desses princípios para a constituição e manutenção do sistema teológico adventista do sétimo dia. Na segunda parte, à luz dessa perspectiva por vezes chamada de literal, se destaca a emblemática coexistência das noções metafórica e simbólica acerca do santuário celestial que vêm ganhando espaço no meio adventista, notando-se as implicações e desafios de tais proposições para a teologia e a prática da Igreja Adventista.
The Theological Necessity of the Investigative Judgment: Albion Ballenger and His Failed Quest to Subvert the Doctrine—Part I
Authors: W. Jankiewicz Darius
Published: March 2021

Throughout the history of Seventh-day Adventists, the investigative (or pre-advent) judgment has been one of the most controversial doctrines, challenged and questioned more than any other Adventist belief. This paper explores the reasons critics of Adventism, and particularly Albion Fox Ballenger, object to the doctrine of the investigative judgement. Ballenger was an ex-Adventist minister and one of the strongest critics of Adventist doctrine of the sanctuary during the first part of the 20th century. All other criticism of the doctrine, and particularly of the investigative judgment, go back to Ballenger. This paper is the first of a two-part series on the investigative judgment. The first part offers an abridged exposition of Ballenger’s soteriology and his critique of the investigative judgment doctrine. The second article will conclude with a theological analysis of the critique of the doctrine advanced by Ballenger and his evangelical followers in the context a broader understanding of Protestant soteriology.
Canale, Fernando L. El principio cognitivo de la teología cristiana: Un estudio hermenéutico de la revelación y la inspiración de la Biblia.
Authors: Graf Maiorov Roy E
Published: March 2021

Recensión del libro Canale, Fernando L. El principio cognitivo de la teología cristiana: Un estudio hermenéutico de la revelación y la inspiración de la Biblia. Traducido por Margarita Biaggi de Wainz. Libertador San Martín,Entre Ríos, Argentina: Editorial Universidad Adventista del Plata, 2019. Pp. x + 483.
Physiological and Competitive Characteristics of Professional Female Futsal Players
Authors: Apriantono Tommy , Bahri Samsul , Ihsani Indah Sri , Winata Bagus
Published: March 2021

The study purpose was to examine the anaerobic and aerobic performance and also determine the influence of the anaerobic performance on specific movements during a match-play.   Materials and methods. A total of 12 Indonesian professional female players from Bandung district female futsal club were recruited and enrolled to participate in this study. They were required to complete one familiarization and two experimental sessions. During the first session (laboratory test), all players performed a treadmill test to ascertain their maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) and a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) to measure their anaerobic performance. For the second session (on-court test), the participants played a simulated match on the court. A training team of 5 experts carried out an investigation regarding each player’s competitive performance per match. Furthermore, the blood lactate concentration and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) were assessed in the pre- and post-test for both sessions, which were separated by a week to enable the players to recover. Results. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean power (MP) and fatigue index (FI) (p = 0.425, p = 0.938, respectively) for anaerobic performance using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), although, the MP and FI of team C was lower compared to A and B. Furthermore, the total number of failed passes and shot off target of team C was larger compared to B and A (for failed passes = 30 vs 20 vs 25, for shot off target 14 vs 13 vs 8).  Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that there are strong associations between anaerobic capacity and explosive movements (shooting, tackling, heading and passing) among female futsal players.
A Prospective Cohort Study to Predict Running-Related Lower Limb Sports Injuries Using Gait Kinematic Parameters
Authors: Gogoi Hemantajit , Rajpoot Yajuvendra Singh , Borah Poli
Published: March 2021

The study purpose was to follow a prospective cohort study design to use gait kinematic parameters to identify the risk factors and to develop a statistical model to predict running-related lower limb injuries of sportspersons. 

Materials and methods. BTS G-WALK® gait analysis system was used to collect gait kinematic data of 87 subjects from an institute of physical education and sports science. 

The subjects were followed for a full academic season after which the researcher inquired about their injury occurrences. Binary logistic regression was used to develop a prediction model to predict lower limb injuries of sportspersons.

Results. The result of the study revealed that increasing Range of Obliquity, Range of Tilt and Range of Rotation were associated with increased likelihood of future running-related lower limb injury. However, the lower Symmetry Index was associated with increase in the likelihood of future running-related lower limb injury.

Conclusions. The study confirmed that it is possible to predict injury, but for practical implication further research is essential with a bigger sample size.
Development of a flexible anode for lithium-ion batteries from electrospun carbon-magnetite composite microfibers
Authors: Velásquez Marquez Carlos Andrés , Vásques Arroyave Ferley Alejandro , Álvarez Láinez Mónica Lucía , Zapata González Andrés Felipe , Calderón Gutiérrez Jorge Andrés
Published: March 2021

The development of a binder-free material is gaining ground as a flexible anode in lithium-ion batteries due to the higher specific capacity and possibilities of usage in portable appliances. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) were incorporated into carbon microfibers (CMFs) by electrospinning technique to improve the specific capacity of active material, retaining the high flexibility of the CMFs. The composite active material (CMFs-Fe3O4) was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine the composition, structure, and morphology of the composite. Electrochemical tests were done to evaluate the performance of the composite material as an anode in lithium-ion batteries. Fe3O4-NPs with particle sizes from 30 to 40 nm were incorporated into CMFs (800 nm), and the TEM images showed a homogeneous distribution of Fe3O4-NPs. The electrochemical tests evidenced that magnetite incorporation increases the specific capacity by 42% on the first cycle and 20% on the 50th cycle. Similarly, the Coulombic efficiency increases by 20% in the composite material.