bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical, ADMET and Druggable properties of Myricetin: A Key Flavonoid in Syzygium cumini that regulates metabolic inflammations
Authors: Soorya C. , Balamurugan S. , Ramya S. , Neethirajan K. , Kandeepan C. , Jayakumararaj R.
Published: July 2021

Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae) is a potential medicinal plant traditionally used in indigenous systems of medicines practiced in India and elsewhere due to its functional properties against metabolic inflammations viz., anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, and antioxidant activities. Targeting metabolic inflammation has emerged as a standalone strategy to attenuate metabolic disease. Myricetin (3,5,7,3′,4′,5′-hexahydroxyflavone) is one of the flavonoids from stem bark, leaf, flowers, fruits, pulp and seeds of S. cumini. Therefore, attention has been paid to explore bioactive potentials of this compound in S. cumini owing to its exemplary therapeutic prospective and health-promoting effects. Antioxidant effect of Myricetin from S. cumini has been though experimentally demonstrated, therapeutic potential of Myricetin has not been fully explored. In the present study, physicochemical, ADMET and druggability properties of Myricetin - a key flavonoid compound in S. cumini have been evaluated. Data implicates that this molecule of GRAS standard can be a novel jumble-sale lead in drug discovery.

Keywords: Plant Based Natural Products (PBNPs); Drug Discovery; Pharmacological Activity; ADMET Properties; Flavonoid; Myricetin; Syzygium cumini
New Smartphone Based Colorimetric Method Development and Validation of Emtricitabine in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Mane Yashashree , Mashru Rajashree
Published: July 2021

The novel smartphone based colorimetric application called PhotoMetrix-PRO has been used for quantitative analysis of Emtricitabine in bulk and tablet dosage form and it compared with conventional UV –visible spectrophtotometry. Smartphone based colorimetric method and UV method was based on detection of intensity of color with increasing concentration Ammonium metavanadate (inorganic oxidizing agent) which was used for preparation Mandeline reagent they used as coloring agent for colour development .The reagent is orange red colour but when it react with Emtricitabine it convert into green color complex. The developed methods have good linearity 50-250μg/ml. The color intensity of API increase with increasing concentration. All images were captured through mobile phone and analysed in PhotoMetrix PRO application. This application convert image into Red, Green and Blue(RGB)histogram and regression models were built into PhotoMetrix-PRO Application both the method have correlation coefficient R2>0.995.The LOD and LOQ for PhotoMetrix PRO  4.77μg/ml and14.92μg/ml and UV-visible spectrophotometry method 4.99 μg/ml and 14.96 μg/ml respectively. The % RSD of Emtricitabine by PhotoMetrix PRO and UV method was 99% (%RSD <2). Appling statistical tool i.e paired two test on both the methods result indicate that both methods are equally significant.

Keywords: Smartphone, PhotoMetrix PRO, UV Spectrophotometry, RGB
A Study on the Wound Healing Properties of Medicago sativa
Authors: Sharma Prashant , Das Sujit , Mohanta Tanmay
Published: July 2021

There are lots of herbal plants are using for various treatment, food remedy etc from the prehistoric time. India has taken a great part to garage lots of herbal plants. 3-12 years lifespan containing and cool climate growing Medicago sativa is one of them good rank holder herbal plant. After studying the chemical constituents of M. sativa, it contains vitamin C, vitamin K, genistein which have great wound healing activity as well as it can cure kidney pain, cough, sore muscle, asthma etc. But it cannot take those people who are suffering breast cancer, ovarian cancer etc. At last, after overall study, Medicago sativa has great reflection on human and animals.

Keywords: Medicago sativa, wound healing, vitamin C, vitamin K, genistein, food remedy.
Immunostimulant Effect of Seaweeds in Channa punctatus Challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Muthu Krishnan S , Raja P
Published: July 2021

The current study focused on to evaluate the bioactive potential and immunostimulant effect of seaweeds in striped murrel Channa punctatus against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. The aqueous extracts of seaweeds, Glacilaria foliifera, Acanthophora spicifera and Ulva lactuca were obtained in four different concentrations (25 µL, 50 µL, 75 µL and 100 µL) and evaluated for their immunostimulant potential.  Aqueous extract of G. foliifera and A. spicifera has shown promising activity against fish pathogen. G. foliifera exhibited higher bacterial inhibitory zone of 8mm at 100 µL concentration followed by A. spicifera with 6mm at same concentration. The disease challenge study was used to ascertain the immunostimulant efficacy of active seaweed extracts. C. punctatus was administrated with the A. hydrophila and then fed with artificial feed incorporated with seaweeds extract.  The survival rate seems to be higher in G. foliifera (80%) when compared with A. spicifera (60%). Observed result shows that both seaweeds possess active metabolites which may pave the way for the discovery of novel compounds with immunostimulant potential, which can be used in the field of aqua industry to augment disease management.

Keywords: Seaweed, Bioactive compounds, Aeromonas hydrophila, Gracilaria polifera
O PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM DOCENTE NO ESTÁGIO E NAS PRÁTICAS COMO COMPONENTE CURRICULAR NO CONTEXTO DE UM IF
Authors: Paniago Rosenilde Nogueira , Oliveira Paulo Silva , Nunes Patrícia Gouvêa , Marcionilio Suzana Maria Loures
Published: July 2021

No presente texto, serão apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi investigar o aprender a ser professor no processo de Estágio Curricular Supervisionado (ECS) e nas Práticas como Componentes Curriculares (PCC) e verificar se há articulação entre estes dois momentos formativos no curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas de um Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia. Adotou-se como metodologia a coleta e análise de narrativas orais de 10 (dez) estagiários e documentos (matriz e ementas) do curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Os resultados sinalizam ausência de articulação entre as PCC e o campo de trabalho dos futuros professores e entre o ECS.  Apesar de o ECS ter sido apontado como espaço de múltiplas aprendizagens docentes, não se constatou nas narrativas evidências de práticas nas PCC que possibilitassem uma articulação entre estes dois momentos formativos. A falta de aproximação do Licenciando com o ambiente escolar desde o início do curso pode ser um dos fatores que fragilizam o processo de formação docente nas PCC e, por conseguinte, nas práticas do ECS.
CURADORIA AUTORAL-COLETIVA DE UMA EXPOSIÇÃO EDUCATIVA SOBRE RACISMO CIENTÍFICO: RELATANDO EXPERIÊNCIAS ITINERANTES
Authors: Dias Thiago Leandro da Silva
Published: July 2021

A exposição Ciência, Raça e Literatura envolve um projeto colaborativo que tem sido apresentado ao público geral e para professores e estudantes da educação básica e superior desde o ano de 2013. Esse relato pretende sistematizar o processo de elaboração da exposição em questão, explicitando as intenções, fundamentos e dinâmicas de planejamento e montagem, como forma de caracterizar os princípios que orientam o processo de curadoria, por meio da análise documental da memória do trabalho de concepção e organização da exposição em arquivos derivados de reuniões de planejamento e do acervo expositivo, entremeados pela minha vivência como coautor do processo e do diálogo com outros (as) curadores (as). A relevância da experiência expositiva pode ser verificada em função de alguns dos seus princípios de curadoria e montagem (itinerante, contextual e com processo de curadoria autoral-coletiva), que possibilita maior interlocução de atores e instituições na implementação de seus objetivos e princípios.
JOGO DIDÁTICO INVESTIGATIVO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE ENSINO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ARGUMENTAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Chaves Saúde Tupin Júlia , Borges Caio Wesley , Carlos Duarte Enios
Published: July 2021

Formar indivíduos capazes de desenvolver a autonomia para tomada de decisões vem sendo uma meta dentro do processo de ensino, assim como desenvolver novas maneiras para aproximar o aluno a conhecer a ciência e de se relacionar a ela. Dessa maneira, faz-se importante a estimulação da argumentação científica dentro da sala de aula, a qual não ocorre de maneira espontânea para a maioria dos indivíduos, necessitando de prática e de situações que a estimulem. Deste modo, foi produzido e aplicado um jogo didático investigativo que estimule os alunos a pensar, questionar e discutir os assuntos abordados em sala, através de situações problemas que devem ser solucionados, com base nos conhecimentos prévios e informações fornecidas pelo jogo. Os objetivos foram avaliar a aceitação do jogo didático investigativo pelos alunos e avaliar o seu potencial como instrumento de ensino e de desenvolvimento da argumentação científica. Para isso, foi realizada uma entrevista com os alunos acerca de sua experiência no jogo e em seguida foi aplicado um questionário de satisfação, a fim de avaliar a aceitação dos alunos. Em relação à avaliação do potencial para o desenvolvimento e formação da argumentação científica, foi solicitado aos alunos que preenchessem um esquema baseado no Esquema de Argumento proposto por Toulmin (2001), logo após jogarem. A análise das respostas ao questionário revelou que o jogo teve um alto índice de aceitação pelos alunos. O jogo ainda mostrou-se como um bom instrumento de auxilio no desenvolvimento e prática da argumentação científica, possibilitando a articulação entre dados, conhecimentos e conclusões.
O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO EM PRÁTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE ENSINO DE PALMAS- PR
Authors: Carneiro Alves Marcos Henrique , Paz Daiane Padula
Published: July 2021

As Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação são os meios técnicos usados para tratar informações e auxiliar na comunicação. Utilizadas de diversas maneiras e em vários âmbitos, elas são muito importantes, por isso vem ganhando espaço cada vez maior nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. A educação ambiental visa induzir dinâmicas sociais em comunidades locais, promovendo conscientização crítica sobre as realidades socioambientais e compreensão sobre os problemas que se apresentam na busca de possíveis soluções ou minimização de seus impactos. Considerando a importância das TDICs e da educação ambiental na realidade local de Palmas/PR, este estudo tem por objetivo identificar como estas tecnologias são utilizadas para práticas de educação ambiental por parte dos professores da rede municipal de ensino. Circunscrita metodologicamente como pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, abrangeu 31 docentes de cinco instituições de ensino da rede através de um questionário semi-estruturado sobre sua prática pedagógica e relação com tecnologias e com educação ambiental. Os resultados revelam que na rede municipal de Palmas/PR, a maioria dos docentes participantes do estudo sabem o que são TDICs e possuem interesse em utilizá-las em sala de aula, contudo, uma minoria utiliza estes recursos, sobretudo em práticas de educação ambiental. Espera-se que este estudo evidencie a realidade local e sirva de estímulo a outras pesquisas, bem como a uma maior integração entre tecnologias e educação ambiental.
Expansão e valorização imobiliária na cidade de Itabaiana/SE (2000-2020)
Authors: Carvalho Diana Mendonça de , Costa José Eloízio da
Published: July 2021

O espaço geográfico da cidade é uma produção coletiva, que se torna privado, (re) produzido em função de interesses, necessidades e objetivos do homem. O presente trabalho analisou a expansão e valorização imobiliária da malha urbana de Itabaiana/Se nos últimos vinte anos. Esse é trabalhado numa perspectiva empírico-analítica com foco em dados qualitativos e quantitativos. O crescimento do espaço urbano de Itabaiana teve impulso, quando do desenvolvimento econômico-industrial e da abertura da BR-235. No século XXI, Itabaiana já conta com um aglomerado urbano consolidado e em constante mutação, a partir da ação de promotores imobiliários, que justificam o fato de uma cidade nascer como obra histórica e humana, advindo de necessidades, desejos e aspirações.
Browsing herbivores improve the state and functioning of savannas: a model assessment of alternative land use strategies
Authors: Irob Katja , Blaum Niels , Baldauf Selina , Kerger Leon , Kanduvarisa Angelina , Strohbach Ben , Lohmann Dirk , Tietjen Britta
Published: July 2021

Changing climatic conditions and unsustainable land use are perceived as
major threats to savannas worldwide. In the past, land use in African
savannas was dominated by livestock-farming as one of the major economic
products, which led to degraded, shrub encroached pastures in many
regions. One response to this widespread degradation is a shift from
land use dominated by cattle to strategies characterized by animal
compositions with more mixed feeding regimes and higher browser
proportions. However, the consequences for ecosystem properties and
processes remain so far largely unclear. We used the ecohydrological,
spatially explicit savanna model EcoHyD to assess the impacts of two
contrasting, herbivore-related land use strategies on a Namibian
savannah: grazing versus browsing herbivores. We varied the densities of
grazers and browsers and determined the resulting composition and
diversity of the plant community, total vegetation cover, soil moisture
and water use by plants. Our results show that properties making plants
less attractive to herbivores were best adapted to different densities
of grazing (cattle) or browsing (pure browsing wildlife) animals. Also,
properties leading to a competitive advantage under limited water
availability were among the dominant ones. Overall, the results are in
line with our expectations: we found heavy shrub encroachment with a
loss of the perennial grass matrix under high stocking rates of cattle.
A novel and unexpected result was that regardless of the density of
browsers, grass cover and plant functional diversity were significantly
higher in wildlife scenarios. This increased grass cover, but also the
higher total cover improved water uptake by plants. We conclude that in
contrast to grazers, browsers even in high densities do not lead to
ecosystem degradation, but rather sustain a diverse vegetation with high
cover of perennial grasses over a long time, implying also a lower
erosion risk and higher provision of ecosystem services.
MERS-CoV in sheep, goats, and cattle, United Arab Emirates, 2019: Virological and serological investigations reveal an accidental spillover from dromedaries
Authors: Weidinger Pia , Kolodziejek Jolanta , Camp Jeremy , loney tom , Ahmed Dafalla , Ramaswamy Sathishkumar , Tayoun Ahmad Abou , Corman Victor Max , Nowotny Norbert
Published: July 2021

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated again the global threat
posed by emerging zoonotic coronaviruses. During the past two decades
alone, humans have experienced the emergence of several coronaviruses,
such as SARS-CoV in 2003, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019. To
date, MERS-CoV has been detected in 27 countries, with a case fatality
ratio of approximately 34.5 %. Similar to other coronaviruses, MERS-CoV
presumably originated from bats; however, the main reservoir and primary
source of human infections are dromedary camels. Other species within
the Camelidae family, such as Bactrian camels, alpacas, and
llamas, seem to be susceptible to the infection as well, although to a
lesser extent. In contrast, susceptibility studies on sheep, goats,
cattle, pigs, chickens, and horses obtained divergent results. In the
present study, we tested nasal swabs and/or sera from 55 sheep, 45
goats, and 52 cattle, collected at the largest livestock market in the
United Arab Emirates, where dromedaries are also traded, for the
presence of MERS-CoV nucleic acid by RT-qPCR, and for specific
antibodies by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). All sera were negative for
MERS-CoV-reactive antibodies, but the nasal swab of one sheep (1.8 %)
was positive for MERS-CoV nucleic acid. Next generation sequencing (NGS)
of the complete N gene of the sheep-derived MERS-CoV revealed
>99 % nucleotide identity to MERS-CoV sequences of five
dromedaries in nearby pens and to three reference sequences. The NGS
sequence of the sheep-derived MERS-CoV was confirmed by conventional
RT-PCR of a part of the N gene and subsequent Sanger sequencing.
All MERS-CoV sequences clustered within clade B, lineage 5. In
conclusion, our study shows that non-camelid livestock, such as sheep,
goats, and cattle do not play a major role in MERS-CoV epidemiology. The
one sheep that tested positive most likely reflects an accidental viral
spillover event from infected dromedaries in nearby pens.
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Plasma Tryptophan Metabolite Levels And Lithium Treatment Response In Euthymic Bipolar Patients
Authors: İmre Okan , Altıinbas Kürsat , Abuşoğlu Sedat , Unlu Ali , İyisoy Mehmet
Published: July 2021

Objective: Lithium is a cornerstone treatment option in bipolar
disorder. Currently, only clinical findings are used to predict the
response of lithium treatment but reliable biological marker has not yet
been identified. With this background, it was aimed to compare
tryptophan metabolite levels between bipolar patients and healthy
control group and to investigate the relationship between lithium
treatment response and tryptophan metabolite levels of euthymic bipolar
patients(BP). Materials and Methods: 52 euthymic BP patients on lithium
were included in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical information
were recorded and lithium treatment response status was determined
according to the Alda scale. Age and gender matched Healthy controls(HC)
were selected from the people who admitted to Selcuk University Medical
Faculty Hospital Health Board. Plasma tryptophan metabolite levels were
compared between BP and HC. The correlation and association between the
lithium response levels of the patients and the plasma tryptophan
metabolites were evaluated. Results: Plasma tryptophan(TRP),
kynurenine(KYN), kynurenine/tryptophan ratio(KYN/TRP),
3-hydroxy-kynurenine(3-HK) and kynurenic acid(KYNA) levels were
significantly lower in BP than HC. In the regression analysis, only
plasma KYNA concentrations were found to be significantly lower in the
responding well to lithium treatment and TRP levels. None of the
tryptophan metabolites were found to be associated well response to
lithium treatment after the logistic regression analysis. Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that KYNA levels might be used as a screening test
for discriminating bipolar patients from the HC. TRP levels might be
used to predict lithium treatment response in spite of low specifity and
low sensitivity levels. Key words: Tryptophan metabolites, lithium
treatment response, bipolar disorder
Time-lapse imagery is cheap and timely in the fight against colonial species' decline
Authors: Hart Tom , Jones Fiona , Black Caitlin , Lintott Chris , Youngflesh Casey , Lynch Heather , Davies Alasdair , Maguire Eamonn , Zisserman Andrew , Arteta Carlos , Barham Peter , Southwell Colin , Emmerson Louise , Jessopp Mark
Published: July 2021

Many of the species in decline around the world are subject to different
environmental stressors across their range, so replicated large-scale
monitoring programmes, are necessary to disentangle the relative impacts
of these threats. At the same time as funding for long-term monitoring
is being cut, studies are increasingly being criticised for lacking
statistical power. For those taxa or environments where a single vantage
point can observe individuals or ecological processes, time-lapse
cameras can provide a cost-effective way of collecting time series data
replicated at large spatial scales that would otherwise be impossible.
However, networks of time-lapse cameras needed to cover the range of
species or processes create a problem in that the scale of data
collection easily exceeds our ability to process the raw imagery
manually. Citizen science and machine learning provide solutions to
scaling up data extraction (such as locating all animals in an image).
Crucially, citizen science, machine learning-derived classifiers, and
the intersection between them, are key to understanding how to establish
monitoring systems that are sensitive to – and sufficiently powerful to
detect –changes in the study system. Citizen science works relatively
‘out of the box’, and we regard it as a first step for many systems
until machine learning algorithms are sufficiently trained to automate
the process. Using Penguin Watch (www.penguinwatch.org) data as a case
study, we discuss a complete workflow from images to parameter
estimation and interpretation: the use of citizen science and computer
vision for image processing, and parameter estimation and individual
recognition for investigating biological questions. We discuss which
techniques are easily generalizable to a range of questions, and where
more work is needed to supplement ‘out of the box’ tools. We conclude
with a horizon scan of the advances in camera technology, such as
on-board computer vision and decision making.
Time to Antibiotics in Pediatric Patients with Fever in Neutropenia during Chemotherapy for Cancer -- Data from the Prospective Multicenter SPOG 2015 FN Definition Study
Authors: Koenig Christa , Kuehni Claudia , Bodmer Nicole , Agyeman Philipp , Ansari Marc , Rössler Jochen , Weid Nicolas von der , Ammann Roland
Published: July 2021

Background. Fever in neutropenia (FN) remains an unavoidable,
potentially lethal complication of chemotherapy. Timely administration
of empirical broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics has become standard
of care. But the impact of time to antibiotics (TTA), the lag period
between recognition of fever or arrival at the hospital to start of
antibiotics, remains unclear. Here we aimed to analyze the association
between TTA and safety relevant events (SRE) in data from a prospective
multicenter study. Procedure. We analyzed the association between time
from recognition of fever to start of antibiotics (F-TTA) and SRE
(death, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), severe sepsis and
bacteremia) with three-level mixed logistic regression. We adjusted for
possible triage bias using a propensity score and stratified the
analysis by severity of disease at presentation. Results. We analyzed
266 FN episodes, including 53 (20%) with SRE, reported in 140 of 269
patients recruited from April 2016 to August 2018. F-TTA (median,
120min; interquartile range, 49 to 180min) was not associated with SRE,
with a trend for less SREs in episodes with longer F-TTA. Analyses
applying the propensity score suggested a relevant triage bias. Only in
patients with severe disease at presentation there was a trend for an
association of longer TTA with more SRE. Conclusion. We found little
evidence that longer TTA leads to a higher risk of poor clinical outcome
in pediatric patients with FN, except for those with severe disease at
presentation. We saw strong evidence for triage bias which could only be
partially adjusted.
Future options to reduce RhD immunization in addition to a high coverage prevention program of antenatal and postnatal RhIg: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Slootweg Yolentha , Zwiers Carolien , Koelewijn Johanna , Schoot Ellen van der , Oepkes Dick , Kamp Inge , Haas Masja de
Published: July 2021

Objective: To evaluate which risk factors for RhD immunization remain,
despite adequate routine antenatal and postnatal RhIg prophylaxis (1000
IU RhIg) and additional administration of RhIg. Assessment of the
prevalence of RhD immunizations. Design: Prospective cohort Setting: The
Netherlands. Population: Two-year nationwide cohort. Methods:
RhD-negative women in their first RhD immunized pregnancy and their
foregoing non-immunized pregnancy. Risk factors for RhD immunization
were compared with population data. Main outcomes measures: Risk factors
for FMH and subsequently RhD immunization, prevalence of RhD
immunizations. Results: The prevalence of newly detected RhD
immunizations was 0.31% (79/25,170) of all RhD-negative pregnant women
in the Netherlands. After exclusion, 193 women remained. Significant
risk factors found in the group of 113 parous women (previous pregnancy
>16 weeks, RhD positive child) were; caesarean section (CS)
(OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6), perinatal death (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.1-10.9),
gestational age over 42 weeks (OR 6.1, 95% CI 2.2-16.6), postnatal
bleeding (>1000mL) (OR 2.0 95% CI 1.1-3.6), surgical
removal of the placenta (SRP) (OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.0-9.3). The miscarriage
rate in the group of women without a previous RhD positive child was
significantly higher than in the Dutch population (35% vs 12.5%
p<0.001). Conclusion: Complicated deliveries, including cases
of major bleeding and surgical interventions (CS, SRP) need to be
recognized as risk factor, requiring determination of FMH volume and
adjustment of RhIg dosing. Miscarriage may be an additional risk factor
for RhD immunization, requiring further studies. Funding: This research
was partly funded by a grant from Sanquin Amsterdam.
Nondifferentiable generalized minimax fractional programming under (Ф,ρ)-invexity
Authors: Upadhyay B.B. , Antczak T. , Mishra S.K. , Shukla K.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a class of nonconvex nondifferentiable generalized minimax fractional programming problems is considered. Sufficient optimality conditions for the considered nondifferentiable generalized minimax fractional programming problem are established under the concept of (?, ?)-invexity. Further, two types of dual models are formulated and various duality theorems relating to the primal minimax fractional programming problem and dual problems are established. The results established in the paper generalize and extend several known results in the literature to a wider class of nondifferentiable minimax fractional programming problems. To the best of our knowledge, these results have not been established till now.
A Dynamic Theory of Expertise and Occupational Boundaries in New Technology Implementation: Building on Barley's Study of CT Scanning
Authors: Black Laura J. , Carlile Paul R. , Repenning Nelson P.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we develop a theory to explain why the implementation of new technologies often disrupts occupational roles in ways that delay the expected benefits. To explore these disruptions, we construct a dynamic model grounded in ethnographic data from Barley's widely cited (1986) study of computed tomography (CT) as implemented in two hospitals. Using modeling, we formalize the recursive relationship between the activity of CT scanning and the types and accumulations of knowledge used by doctors and technologists. We find that a balance of expertise across occupational boundaries in operating the technology creates a pattern in which the benefits of the new technology are likely to be realized most rapidly. By operationalizing the dynamics between knowledge and social action, we specify more clearly the recursive relationship between structuring and structure. *
Bone Mineral Density and Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Loxton Phoebe , Narayan Kruthika , Munns Craig F. , Craig Maria E.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

There is substantial evidence that adults with type 1 diabetes have reduced bone mineral density (BMD); however, findings in youth are inconsistent.

PURPOSE

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of BMD in youth with type 1 diabetes using multiple modalities: DXA, peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), and/or quantitative ultrasound (QUS).

DATA SOURCES

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2020, limited to humans, without language restriction.

STUDY SELECTION

Inclusion criteria were as follows: cross-sectional or cohort studies that included BMD measured by DXA, pQCT, or QUS in youth (aged <20 years) with type 1 diabetes and matched control subjects.

DATA EXTRACTION

We collected data for total body, lumbar spine, and femoral BMD (DXA); tibia, radius, and lumbar spine (pQCT); and phalanx and calcaneum (QUS). Weighted mean difference (WMD) or standardized mean difference was estimated and meta-regression was performed with age, diabetes duration, and HbA1c as covariates.

DATA SYNTHESIS

We identified 1,300 nonduplicate studies; 46 met the inclusion criteria, including 2,617 case and 3,851 control subjects. Mean ± SD age was 12.6 ± 2.3 years. Youth with type 1 diabetes had lower BMD: total body (WMD −0.04 g/cm2, 95% CI −0.06 to −0.02; P = 0.0006), lumbar spine (−0.02 g/cm2, −0.03 to −0.0; P = 0.01), femur (−0.04 g/cm2, −0.05 to −0.03; P < 0.00001), tibial trabecular (−11.32 g/cm3, −17.33 to −5.30; P = 0.0002), radial trabecular (−0.91 g/cm3, −1.55 to −0.27; P = 0.005); phalangeal (−0.32 g/cm3, −0.38 to −0.25; P < 0.00001), and calcaneal (standardized mean difference −0.69 g/cm3, −1.11 to −0.26; P = 0.001). With use of meta-regression, total body BMD was associated with older age (coefficient −0.0063, −0.0095 to −0.0031; P = 0.002) but not with longer diabetes duration or HbA1c.

LIMITATIONS

Meta-analysis was limited by the small number of studies with use of QUS and pQCT and by lack of use of BMD z scores in all studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Bone development is abnormal in youth with type 1 diabetes, assessed by multiple modalities. Routine assessment of BMD should be considered in all youth with type 1 diabetes.
The Characteristics of The Elevator Motion Based on The Object’s Apparent Weight
Authors:   Universitas Jember, Kalimantan Street No. 37, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember, Jawa Timur, 68121, Indonesia, Ulfa Alfia , Supeno Supeno ,   Universitas Jember, Kalimantan Street No. 37, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember, Jawa Timur, 68121, Indonesia, Bektiarso Singgih ,   Universitas Jember, Kalimantan Street No. 37, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember, Jawa Timur, 68121, Indonesia
Published: July 2021

This study aims to examine the characteristics of the lift motion based on apparent weight data. This type of research is quantitative research with a survey method. The results showed that the apparent weight change only occurred when the elevator started moving and just before it stopped, acceleration at the beginning of the motion and deceleration at the end of the motion. Elevator has two characteristics of motion; straight motion with constant velocity and straight motion with constant acceleration. Straight motion with constant acceleration consists of accelerated motion that occurs at the beginning of the elavator motion, and straight motion with constant acceleration slowed down at the end of the elevator motion. Meanwhile, straight motion with constant velocity occurs with a longer duration. This study's results have implications for learning physics, one of which can be used as data to develop learning resources for physics in the form of student worksheets. Keywords: Apparent weight, Elevator motion, Newton's law
Scientific and Methodological Base for Technical Diagnostics of Potentially Hazardous Production Facilities
Authors:   IMASH RAN, Makhutov N.A. , Gadenin M.M. ,   IMASH RAN, Ivanov V.I. ,   ZAO «NIIIN MNPO «Spektr»
Published: July 2021

Modern requirements to industrial safety presuppose the use of scientifically based methods and means of technical diagnostics for obtaining direct quantitative information sufficient for the subsequent normative calculation determination of a set of the parameters of strength, resource, reliability, survivability and risks. It is shown that such information includes data on the accumulated and developing technological and operational defects in the load-bearing elements, on the kinetics of stress-strain states in the most loaded hazardous zones of a structure, on the thermal, chemical, biological and radiation dangerous effects, on the changes in characteristics over time of the basic mechanical properties of material strength and ductility. Such an approach to diagnostics should be linked both with the existing system of a set of equations with the diagnosed parameters included in them for the analysis of permissible, hazardous and limiting states, and with the implementation of the results of new fundamental studies of complex deformation, damage and destruction processes that determine the probability of accidents and catastrophes at the production facilities, as well as relevant applied scientific and methodological, hardware and software developments. Relevance and importance of promising research and development in this direction are associated both with the facilities of I, II classes of hazard, and the objects that are critically and strategically important for national safety.
Prevalence and severity of academic burnout in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Seperak-Viera Rosa , Fernández-Arata Manuel , Dominguez-Lara Sergio
Published: July 2021

Background: Academic burnout (AB) is an insidious process characterized by the feeling of emotional exhaustion due to the demands of academic life. Despite its impact on people's health, its prevalence has not yet been reported in Peru. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of AB, based on the emotional exhaustion experienced by university students, and the differences according to the student's year of study and sex. Method: Participants were 341 college students (76% women) from several institutions who were enrolled between the second and fourth year-of-studies. The Emotional Exhaustion Scale was used to measure students' AB. Results: The prevalence of AB was described by percentages and the comparison between groups was performed with effect size measures. The results reveal BA levels at a high level (31.4%) and risk (11.7%). On the other hand, women score higher than men in BA, but no differences were found according to the year of study. The association with anxiety and depression was moderate. Conclusions: The prevalence of academic burnout was significant, and it is associated with anxiety and depression.
Profil Soft Skill Dan Hard Skill Mahasiswa Dalam Memasuki Dunia Kerja
Authors: Jeklor Putri Nabila Ikrima , Fridayati Lucy
Published: July 2021

The study aims to describe and to know the profile of soft skills and hard skills of the college students to enter the work field. The type of research is quantitative descriptive research. The population of this research is the students of padang state university family welfare education study program totally 49 people. The sampling technique is total sampling that taking the entire population. The technique of collecting data is by transferring a questionnaire (Questionnaire) using Likert scale that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis with the categorization method. The results of the study is the soft skills and hard skills profile of college students to enter the work field that included in high category are indicators of work ethics, collaboration, discipline, related to norms and the medium category are indicators of speaking skills and confidence.
Pengaruh E-Learning Terhadap Efektivitas Perkuliahan Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Azhari Ayu , Frinaldi Aldri
Published: July 2021

E-Learning method influences the effectiveness of lectures at Fakulty of Social Sciences, Padang State University. E-Learning variable has positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of lectures at Faculty Social Sciences, Padang States University aggregate 66.7%. Based data of respondents in Faculty of Social Sciences there are as many 6 majors, that is the division of geography, education civics, administration public, sociology and Islami education . The data of the majority of respondents were 50 men while woman were 46 people. So the total respondents were 96 people. Therefore the result of the E-Learning implementation variable show that the E-Learning variable is the good category.
Pelaksanaan Cluster Learning System di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Sekolah 3T
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Zulfikar Zulfikar
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the implementation of the Cluster Learning System during the Covid-19 pandemic in 3T schools. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 7 Budong-budong, geographically this school is located in Mamuju Tengah District, West Sulawesi Province. Central Mamuju Regency is one of the underdeveloped districts in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative approach to describe the implementation of the Cluster Learning System during the Covid-19 pandemic in 3T schools. Data obtained through observation, interview, and documentation study techniques. Meanwhile, the data analysis process used data analysis techniques proposed by Miles and Hubermen which consisted of three activity lines, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. From the research results, it was found that in implementing the Cluster Learning System there were 3 stages carried out by the SMP Negeri 7 Budong-budong, namely the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. In addition, in the application of the Cluster Learning System at SMP Negeri 7 Budong, there are several advantages and disadvantages.
Mnemonics as the technique of lexico-grammatical skills formation in foreign language lessons
Authors: Radionova Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Sharaeva Gulnara Zamirovna , Mukhtarova Rezeda Yoldizovna
Published: July 2021

Currently the school is acutely concerned with the use of mnemonic instruction to help remember linguistic phenomena in a foreign language. The article discusses in detail mnemonics and the ways of using them at lessons on English and German at the stage of teaching lexical and grammatical phenomena, ranges mnemonic strategies that assist to remember unfamiliar vocabulary and grammar of the English and German languages more effectively, efficiently and easily, describes algorithms for working with various mnemonic devices, and gives a reference on the possibilities of their modification. The results obtained prove mnemonic techniques are an effective study tool which can be utilized by Russian-speaking students in learning English and German.
PALESTINE: POPULAR NON-VIOLENT RESISTANCE. DEBATING TERMINOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTING PARADIGMS
Authors: NAZZAL Abdeleahman , YOUSEF Ayman
Published: July 2021

The main goal of this research paper is to examine the core role of popular nonviolent resistance in transforming the Israeli Palestinian conflict through all available peaceful means. We have deeply gone through different definitions of nonviolence as an international concept and we explored the various historical stages and prominent stations of this type of nonviolence. To elaborate more on this goal, we can say that the strategic aim is to bridge the gap between theories and approaches of conflict transformations and the current study of peaceful resistance. Nonviolence is one strategic options for the Palestinians if we realize that the political alternatives and narrow and limited. Methodology adopted in this research is primarily qualitative with analytical and empirical connotations and implications, we relied on both primary and secondary data to reach the final results and conclusions. As far the final findings are concerned, this paper concluded that there is a gap between nonviolence peaceful resistance in the field in one hand and the decision makers on the other hand. There is a gap those who practiced or who embraced nonviolence as strategic resistance and those who put political goals and practiced political leadership. There is a lack of a proper understanding of peaceful nonviolent resistance and its role in liberating and emancipating Palestine from the occupation. Keywords: nonviolence, occupation, popular resistance, Gandhian model.
Characteristics of the floods in Pechea village, Galați county.
Authors: AVRAM EMILIA
Published: July 2021

This study aims to develop risk analysis methodologies on floods, analyze floods produced on the Suhu River in Pechea village (Galați county), and factors that favor flooding. Flood analysis represents one of the main concerns of researchers in hydrology in the context of climate change. It is increasingly leaving its mark on the frequency of precipitation and, implicitly, on the production of floods. We presented the definitions of floods, and we presented the study area in the first part of the article. The monthly and seasonal frequency of floods were analyzed, and there were calculated specific parameters of a flood produced in the study area. Then, the factors that favor the occurrence of floods were analyzed. The results obtained will contribute to the complete information on floods in small basins in the plain area on the Romanian territory.
Bandera
Authors: Carrero Sandra Helena Suescún
Published: July 2021

Resumen
CAICEDO, O. 2018: La cultura naturalizada: hacia un concepto de cultura desde la Filosofía de la Biología. Barranquilla: Sello Editorial Universidad del Atlántico
Authors: Esparza-Oviedo Silvia Maria
Published: July 2021

Reseña CAICEDO, O. 2018: La cultura naturalizada: hacia un concepto de cultura desde la Filosofía de la Biología. Barranquilla: Sello Editorial Universidad del Atlántico
La concepción poshegeliana del reconocimiento en la filosofía de Judith Butler
Authors: Abellón Milton
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo muestra que, tras la publicación de Sujetos del deseo, Judith Butler elabora una concepción posthegeliana del reconocimiento que consta de una mediación social, basada en la idea hegeliana de «Eticidad», y una mediación normativa, apoyada en la noción foucaultiana del poder. Sostenemos que dicha concepción implica dos sentidos de «sujeto» (i. figura histórico-normativa y ii. resultado de un proceso de formación) que conforman el carácter sustituible y precario de la subjetividad. Finalmente, tras algunos señalamientos críticos sobre la interpretación butleriana de Hegel, indicamos la relevancia del tema estudiado el marco más general de su filosofía.
Uprawa roślin cytrusowych w Europie w świetle dawnych traktatów ogrodniczych
Authors: Malawski Seweryn Mikołaj , Kot Natalia , Szefler Sylwia
Published: July 2021

Artykuł ma formę pracy przeglądowej, której celem jest zaprezentowanie historii i dawnych technik uprawy roślin z rodzaju Citrus L. w Europie, w tym w Polsce. Metodyka badawcza polegała na analizie materiałów archiwalnych, obejmujących historyczne traktaty z zakresu ogrodnictwa i rolnictwa. Należą do nich rozprawy powstałe na przestrzeni XVI-XVIII w. m.in. autorstwa: G. B. Ferrariego, J. Commelina, J. van der Groena, J. Ch. Volkamera, J. S. Elsholtza, oraz W. Sierakowskiego, A. P. Jabłonowskiej czy J. K. Kluka. Opisano nowożytne dzieje hodowli roślin cytrusowych w Europie oraz przedstawione w traktatach metody, obejmujące uprawę w gruncie oraz w pojemnikach i sposoby zimowania. Scharakteryzowano także rodzaje wznoszonych w tym celu drewnianych i murowanych oranżerii oraz wykorzystywanych donic.
Re-adjustment in the home country – The effects of return migration and transnationalism
Authors: Kopliku Bresena
Published: July 2021

This paper analyses how returned and transnational migrants can affect development and social change in the home country. It focuses on the Shkodra Region in Albania. Returnees and transnational migrants use the financial and social capital acquired during migration as mechanisms to readjust in their home country, while at the same time affecting development and social change. The paper deals with a specific returnees’ group, entrepreneur-returnees, and raises some main research questions: How is the social and cultural capital gained during migration used while setting up new enterprises? In what scale does this capital determine the success of the undertaking?

Acting as agents of development, these migrants have taken advantage of their migration experience, especially in the opening of new enterprises. This process has also involved the non-migrant population through the introduction of new employment possibilities and the transmission of new ideas and knowledge.
Association between Flash Glucose Monitors and A1C: A Retrospective Pre-Post Analysis
Authors: Tekarli Mustafa , Turner Kyle , Witt Daniel
Published: July 2021

Background: Randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of continuous glucose monitors on hemoglobin A1C; however, more evidence is needed to justify their use and expand insurance coverage. Additionally, there are few published studies investigating the A1C lowering effect of flash glucose monitors (FGMs) in broad diabetes populations with varying insulin requirements. This analysis aimed to help fill this gap in medical literature and help clinicians evaluate costs/benefits when considering FGMs for their patients with diabetes.
Objectives: To determine the association between FGM use and A1C reduction in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus regardless of insulin dependence.
Methods: Pharmacy dispensing records were used to identify patients for inclusion. Patients who received a FGM from a University of Utah pharmacy between July 7, 2018 and July 7, 2020 were included. Patients who did not receive at least an 84-day supply of FGM sensors or did not have a baseline or follow-up A1C were excluded. Baseline and follow-up A1Cs, defined as A1Cs that are within one year before and 3-12 months after the FGM dispense date, were collected for each patient. New diabetes medications within a six-month window of the initial FGM dispense date were also recorded. Outcome variables were collected before and after patients received their first FGM (pre-FGM vs. post-FGM, respectively). The primary outcome was the difference between baseline and follow-up A1C for each patient. Secondary outcomes were the difference in baseline and follow-up A1C for various clinical subgroups within the overall sample. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize baseline characteristics and outcome data. Paired Student’s t-tests were used to evaluate outcome differences (α=0.05).
Results: Fifty-seven patients (50.8% male; mean age: 49 years) were included. For the primary outcome, the average baseline and follow-up A1Cs were 9.33% and 8.32%, respectively for a difference of -1.01% ([95%CI -1.31:-0.72]; p<0.0001).
Conclusions: The use of FGMs is associated with decreases in A1C within a cohort of patients at one health system. Further effort to determine impact of FGM on clinical and economic outcomes is warranted.
The Scottish Colonising Voyages to Carolina and East New Jersey in the 1680s
Authors: Wagner Joseph
Published: July 2021

Cette note de recherche donne un aperçu des seize voyages en Caroline et dans l’est du New Jersey qui ont fait partie des efforts de colonisation écossais dans ces colonies de 1682 à 1688. L’accent est mis sur les navires, les lieux et les dates de leurs départs, leurs cargaisons et le nombre de passagers qu’ils transportaient. Cesrenseignements comblent les lacunes dans nos connaissances des entreprises coloniales écossaises et illustre la participation des Anglais et des Irlandais à ces entreprises.
Filling a Void with Online Avocational Scholarship
Authors: Griffin Kevin
Published: July 2021

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