bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assalariamento na Terra Indígena Mangueirinha: estratégias Guarani e Kaingang
Authors: Almeida Antônio Cavalcante , Cavalheiro Aline , Perondi Miguel Ângelo
Published: September 2020

Os povos indígenas do Brasil vêm passando por transformações desde o período de colonização, quando o contato com os europeus iniciou seu processo de hibridação cultural. Atualmente, o meio de vida tradicional indígena busca estratégias de assimilação cultural, ao mesmo tempo que procura resistir e conservar sua identidade junto à sociedade envolvente. Nesse novo formato, os povos indígenas necessitam cada vez mais do uso do dinheiro, e, tendo em vista as poucas opções de renda monetária dentro da Terra Indígena (TI), o recurso mais comum tem sido buscar complementar a renda fora do seu território. Assim, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar as estratégias e consequências do processo de assalariamento dos povos Kaingang e Guarani da TI Mangueirinha, PR. Para tanto, a pesquisa buscou entrevistar agenciadores, lideranças e trabalhadores indígenas que estão inseridos no processo de assalariamento indígena. Ao final, percebeu-se que as lideranças indígenas têm um papel significativo no processo de assalariamento formal dos indígenas, assim como identificaram-se respostas distintas desse processo, de acordo com a cultura envolvida.
Ankilozan spondiliti taklit eden omurga tutulumu: Alkaptonürili bir olgu
Authors: BODAKÇİ Erdal , VASİ İbrahim , ÖZDEN YILMAZ Ebru , ŞENDİL Esra
Published: September 2020

Alkaptonüri; homogentisik asit oksidaz enzim eksikliğine bağlı gelişen nadir görülen otozomal resesif geçen metabolik bir hastalıktır. Alkaptonüri pek çok sistemi etkileyebildiği gibi muskuloskeletal sistemle ilgili olarak omurgada ve periferik eklemlerde dejeneratif değişikliklere neden olur. 53 yaşında kadın hasta progressif artan bel ağrısı ve diz ağrısı nedeniyle çekilen grafilerde spinal ankiloz olması üzerine olası Ankilozan spondilit açısından romatoloji kliniğimize yönlendirilmişti. Fizik muayenesinde kulaklarda, burunda ve tırnaklarda mavimsi siyah renk değişiklikleri görüldü. Spinal grafilerinde disk aralıkları daralmış, disklerde kalsifikasyon ve dejenerasyon, üst lomber vertebralarda füzyon ve sakroiliak eklemlerin açık olduğu görüldü. Bu makalede bel ağrısı ve dizde şişlik şikayeti olan, klinik, radyolojik ve laboratuvar değerlendirmeler sonucunda okronotik spondiloz ve periferik artropati tanısı konulan bir vaka sunulmuş
AS DIFICULDADES PARA A QUALIFICAÇÃO DO DOCENTE NO ENSINO SUPERIOR PRIVADO E A FRAGILIDADE DA LEGISLAÇÃO NA SUA TUTELA
Authors: Migani Eric José
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo busca discutir as dificuldades para qualificação do professor que atua no ensino superior em instituições de ensino privado frente à falta de políticas institucionais que viabilizem sua formação acadêmica. O texto aborda a ausência de políticas institucionais que permitam aos professores afastarem-se de suas atividades e, mediante remuneração, cursarem mestrado e doutorado. Ainda, apresenta a legislação trabalhista que tutela a docência, apontando as fragilidades com relação à proteção do professor durante a qualificação. As instituições exigem formação e produção acadêmica sem oferecer suporte financeiro e afastamento remunerado das atividades, omitindo a legislação e jurisprudência sobre a questão.
DA ÓRBITA NO LITÍGIO: UMA ANÁLISE DO DIREITO SISTÊMICO E SUA EFICÁCIA APLICADA AOS SISTEMAS DE CONSTELAÇÕES FAMILIARES
Authors: Maldonado Dias Norton , Azevedo Rieffel Marcelo
Published: September 2020

O atual cenário de injustiças sociais acaba por exigir do nosso Sistema Judiciário novos caminhos para resolução de conflitos, uma vez que, a pura aplicação da lei no Sistema Legalista não vem conseguindo produzir a paz social que se espera da justiça. Tal necessidade conduz os estudos sobre o denominado Direito Sistêmico, uma forma de utilização do Ordenamento Jurídico dita como mais humanizada, uma vez que busca a resolução consensual de litígios através de métodos oriundos de outras ciências sociais. Dentre as técnicas utilizadas, o presente trabalho busca analisar através de pesquisa bibliográfica, o conhecido Sistema de Constelações Familiares desenvolvido pelo psicoterapeuta alemão Bert Hellinger, que vêm se mostrando eficiente na resolução consensual de litígios quando aplicado nas Varas de Família do País. Através do aprofundamento acerca do assunto Direito Sistêmico e das formas de resolução consensual de litígios admitida em nosso Ordenamento Jurídico, o presente trabalho busca comprovar se de fato o Direito Sistêmico é em sua prática mais humanizado e se as Constelações Familiares são capazes de produzir bons resultados quando aplicadas aos processos pertencentes ao Direito de Família.
A AUTONOMIA DA PERÍCIA CRIMINAL E A PRODUÇÃO DE PROVAS FACE ÀS GARANTIAS CONSTITUCIONAIS
Authors: Dos Santos Oliveira Soares Francisco
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a problemática da produção das provas não repetíveis sem a observância de garantias constitucionais. Utiliza-se de uma visão garantista para apresentar o problema da investigação policial e da restrição de direitos com fundamento no mistifório de elementos oriundos da fase inquisitiva e processual. Propõe um novo modelo de produção das provas periciais, baseado na separação do órgão pericial da estrutura policial, bem como da exclusão total do inquérito policial dos autos do processo. Para tanto, faz-se uso do método dedutivo e fundamenta-se em doutrina consagrada na matéria processual penal para demonstrar que o sistema brasileiro necessita urgentemente de modificações quanto ao modelo de investigação, de produção da prova pericial e, principalmente, adequação das normas do Código de Processo Penal às garantias essenciais a um Estado Democrático de Direito. Como resultado, verifica-se que a perícia criminal deve alcançar o patamar de instituição autônoma, com independência funcional e financeira, constituindo verdadeiramente função essencial à Justiça, de forma a possibilitar um processo justo, que assegure às partes todas as garantias constitucionais relacionadas à produção da prova pericial.
INTERPRETAÇÃO TELEOLÓGICA E A (IM) POSSIBILIDADE JURÍDICA DE INTERPRETAÇÃO EXTENSIVA DAS HIPÓTESES DE CABIMENTO DO AGRAVO DE INSTRUMENTO: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA A PARTIR DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA (STJ)
Authors: Araújo Carvalho Waldir
Published: September 2020

O artigo realiza um estudo sobre o instituto do Agravo de Instrumento no âmbito do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 (Lei nº 13.105) diante da jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça que admite a interpretação extensiva das hipóteses de cabimento do referido recurso, tecendo críticas sobre este entendimento e, ao final, defendendo uma posição intermediária por meio da aplicação da interpretação teleológica da norma jurídica.
New Results in 5D Theory and Some Problems of Astrophysics and Cosmology
Authors: Aliyev Boris
Published: September 2020

It is shown that the 5D Ricci identities give us a way to create a new viewpoint on the origin of the Maxwell equations, magnetic monopole problem, and also on some problems of the Astrophysics and Cosmology. Specifically, the application of the identities together with the monad and dyad methods makes it possible to introduce the new concept of the rest mass of the elementary particles. The latter leads to the new connections between the General Relativity and quantum field theories, as well as to a better understanding of the magnetic monopole problem and the origins of the Maxwell equations. The obtained results also provide a new insight into the mechanism of the accelerated expansion of the 4D Universe.
OSA Patient Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things Framework
Authors: Cai Liangming , Le Jingrong , Ruan Xuxin , Du Min
Published: September 2020

This paper presents an OSA patient interactive monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) framework. This system allows OSA patients to get timely rescue when they are sleepy outside. Because the Beidou position marker has an interactive function, it can reduce the anxiety of the patient while waiting for the rescue. At the same time, if a friend helps the OSA patients to call the doctor, the friend can also report the patient's condition in time. This system uses the popular IoT framework. At the bottom is the data acquisition layer, which uses wearable sensors to collect vital signs from patients, with a focus on ECG and SpO2 signals. The middle layer is the network layer that transmits the collected physiological signals to the Beidou indicator using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol. The top layer is the application layer, and the application layer uses the mature rescue interactive platform of Beidou. Since the GPS indicator has not included the communication satellite, So it has no SMS function. OSA patients can only passively wait for a rescue. Moreover, due to the lack of satellites in Asia and the insufficient density of the ground-enhanced system, the positioning error of OSA patients is large. The Beidou system developed by China itself, the main coverage of the satellite is in Asia, and is equipped with a high-density ground-based augmentation system. Therefore, the Beidou model improves the positioning accuracy and is equipped with a special communication satellite, which increases the short message interaction function. Therefore, patients can report disease progression in time while waiting for a rescue. After our simulation test, the effectiveness of the OSA patient rescue monitoring system based on the Internet of Things framework and the positioning accuracy of OSA patients have been greatly improved. Especially when OSA patients work outdoors, the cell phone base station signal coverage is relatively weak. The satellite signal is well covered, plus the SMS function of the Beidou indicator. Therefore, the system can be used to provide timely patient progress and provide data support for the medical rescue team to provide a more accurate rescue plan. After a comparative trial, the rescue rate of OSA patients using the detection device of this system was increased by 15 percentage points compared with the rescue rate using only GPS satellite phones.
The Correlations between CXCL12, CXCR4, EAAT1 and GS in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma, and CXCL12 Regulates Cell Invasion and Migration via CXCR4/EAAT1/GS Pathway
Authors: Li Shuo , Li Tong , Lin Qiang , Shi Debing , Zheng Haishi , Zhang Jin , Li Hui , Hou Shengcai , Kadoch Orli , Yang Yilin , Xu Zhidong
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To elucidate the mechanism of CXCR4/EAAT1/GS pathway in CXCL12 regulating invasion and migration in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Methods: Immunohistochemistry for CXCL12, CXCR4, EAAT1 and GS stainings and correlation analysis between them were conducted in MPM and normal tissues. Western blot and real-time PCR were performed to examine the CXCR4, EAAT1 and GS expression in H2052 cells. Wound healing and transwell assay were applied to determine the cell migration and invasion. MTT was utilized to assess cell viability. Results: CXCL12, CXCR4, EAAT1 and GS were highly expressed in MPM tissues and correlated with each other. CXCL12 upregulated both in protein and mRNA levels of CXCR4, EAAT1 and GS in H2052 cells. The EAAT1 and GS expression upregulated or not by CXCL12 were decreased by CXCR4 and EAAT1 knockdown. CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 and EAAT1 antagonist TFB-TBOA also resulted in the same effects as CXCR4 and EAAT1 knockdown, respectively. CXCL12 promoted cell invasion and migration and increased the Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) mRNA level. CXCR4 and EAAT1 knockdown suppressed all these functions. Furthermore, CXCL12 promoted H2052 cells growth in nude mice, both AMD3100 and TFB-TBOA inhibited this promotion. Conclusions: CXCL12 regulated the invasion and migration through CXCR4/EAAT1/GS pathway in H2052 cells.
Psychological Affects Change Working Scenario of Human During COVID-19
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Samir , Goyel Vishal , DUTTA SHAWNI
Published: September 2020

This study has been taken during COVID-19. It describes the working scenario of all class of peoples and their mental anxieties are analysed based on their psychological behaviour patterns.
أصول التفسير وقواعده عند تفسير عبد الله بن عباس
Authors: Nirwana Andri , Hidayat Syamsul , Suharjianto Suharjianto
Published: September 2020

The efforts of the Sahabah of the Prophet Muhammad saw, Abdullah ibn Abbas in developing the rules of interpretation, can be used by subsequent interpreters in developing interpretation rules in accordance with the times. Qaidah Tafseer only discusses the main points and lines of sharia law contained in the Qur'an, and then developed into a law detail. Qawaid Tafsir is not a means of justifying the truth in interpreting the Qur'an but only serves as a guardian of the methodology so that the resulting interpretation is objective, scientific, and accountable. Qiraat Science is a Muslim guide in reading the Qur'an. Abdullah bin Abbas has conveyed in his interpretation some Qiraat science that could be utilized by the next Ummah. Asbabun Nuzul is the study of the contextuality of a verse regarding events or questions. Abdullah bin Abbas was very close to the Prophet so that all knowledge of Asbabun Nuzul experienced at that time was very helpful in the interpretation of the Qur'an. Knowledge of Nasikh wal mansukh is very dependent from a historical point of view. The Companions of the Prophet knew very well where the verses that had been deleted the law and even the texts as well. The goodness of the Companions of the Prophet is because they live with the Prophet and have a strong memory. These four categories of knowledge are the concepts of Abdullah bin Abbas in interpreting the Qur'an.
Mental Distress in the United States at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Holingue Calliope , Kalb Luther G. , Riehm Kira E. , Bennett Daniel , Kapteyn Arie , Veldhuis Cindy B. , Johnson Renee M. , Fallin M. Daniele , Kreuter Frauke , Stuart Elizabeth A. , Thrul Johannes
Published: September 2020

Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental distress in US adults.

Methods. Participants were 5065 adults from the Understanding America Study, a probability-based Internet panel representative of the US adult population. The main exposure was survey completion date (March 10–16, 2020). The outcome was mental distress measured via the 4-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire.

Results. Among states with 50 or more COVID-19 cases as of March 10, each additional day was significantly associated with an 11% increase in the odds of moving up a category of distress (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.21; P = .02). Perceptions about the likelihood of getting infected, death from the virus, and steps taken to avoid infecting others were associated with increased mental distress in the model that included all states. Individuals with higher consumption of alcohol or cannabis or with history of depressive symptoms were at significantly higher risk for mental distress.

Conclusions. These data suggest that as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, mental distress may continue to increase and should be regularly monitored. Specific populations are at high risk for mental distress, particularly those with preexisting depressive symptoms.
Recognizing Common Bone Tumors on Plain Radiographs for the Practicing Physician Assistant
Authors: Frost Charles
Published: September 2020

Bone lesions on plain radiographs are a frequent puzzle for the practicing clinician. The clinician must decide, with some degree of confidence, whether the lesion needs urgent evaluation, can be worked up locally, or can be observed. This article proposes some guidelines that will help in that decision making process. Based solely on plain radiographs, a consensus of clinical advice from experience and numerous references will be presented to suggest the most likely diagnostic choices. Commonly occurring benign lesions, such as non‐ossifying fibroma and unicameral bone cyst as well as common malignant tumors, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma etc. will be reviewed. This is not an all‐inclusive or definitive text; it is basic advice on common lesions.
Fat Embolism Syndrome in Long Bone Fractures
Authors: Hughes Robin
Published: September 2020

Fat embolism was first diagnosed in humans in 1861. More than a century later, Gurd described fat embolism syndrome (FES) using a triad of findings: hypoxia, confusion, and petechia. Long bone fractures, such as femoral shaft fractures, produce fat emboli but infrequently cause FES. It has been suggested that early fracture fixation and reaming of the intramedullary canal prior to fixation decrease the prevalence of FES. The diagnosis of FES remains a dilemma for clinicians. Hopefully, with improvement of imaging studies or further evaluation of interleukin‐6 levels, the prevalence of undiagnosed FES will decrease.
Pengaruh kualitas pelayan dan customer relationship management (CRM) terhadap kepuasan pelanggan
Authors: Harmiyanto Januarius
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan, terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan pengauh Customer Relationship Management terhadap terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di Perusahaan Air Minum Kabupaten Malang. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 konsumen yang menggunakan jasa dari PDAM Kabupaten Malang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik random sampling. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kualitas pelayanan memiliki  pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, customer relationship management berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepercayaan konsumen, kualitas pelayanan dan customer relationship management secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelaggan.
Pengaruh E-Wom dan costumer experience terhadap keputusan pembelian produk pakaian di situs jual beli online Tokopedia
Authors: Sandi Boy
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara electronic word of mouth (e-wom) dan costumer experience baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk pakaian di Tokopedia. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan pendekatan explanatory dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, regresi linear berganda, uji t dan uji F. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode sampling purposive. Data diambil ddengan menggunakan kuesioner sebanyak 98 responden mahasiswa kanjuruhan malang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa e-wom dan costumer experience secara parsial maupun simultan mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian produk pakaian di Tokopedia
Menganalisis permasalahan kredit macet pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam
Authors: Purbowati Rachyu , Hendrawan Suluh Agus
Published: September 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor internal dan eksternal penyebab kredit macet. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif,  menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder.  Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa analisis kredit macet disebabkan kurangnya pengawasan pihak manajer kurang telitinya kinerja dari semua karyawan, serta masih adanya rangkap jabatan yang tidak sesuai dengan job description. Penyebab faktor internal disebabkan oleh sumber daya manusia yang kurang kompeten, lemahnya sistem informasi dan pengawasan serta administrasi kredit, adanya campur tangan dalam keputusan kredit, ketidakmampuan dalam manajemen, suku bunga pinjaman, jangka waktu pinjaman, stabilitas penjualan, dan komitmen anggota koperasi pada perjanjian yang telah disepakati kedua belah pihak. Sedangkan faktor eksternal disebabkan karena adanya kegagalan atau musibah yang menimpa nasabah atau pihak koperasi, adanya itikad tidak baik dari pihak nasabah, adanya pinjaman kredit tanpa sepengetahuan pihak keluarga atau kerabat, adanya penyalahgunaan kredit oleh nasabah
Analisis pengaruh faktor budaya, faktor sosial, faktor pribadi, dan faktor psikologis terhadap keputusan pembelian polis asuransi
Authors: Utama Andri Yuliansyah Putra
Published: September 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kausal antara faktor budaya, sosial, pribadi, dan psikologis dengan keputusan pembelian. Penelitian menggunakan desain pendekatan kuantitatif, jenis penelitian explanatory research yang. Populasi adalah nasabah asuransi PT. AXA Financial Indonesia, kantor cabang Malang yang berjumlah 238 nasabah. Sampel yang digunakan adalah nasabah asuransi yang pernah membeli produk-produk asuransi di PT. AXA Financial Indonesia cabang Malang, dengan jumlah 150 orang, diambil dengan metode Random Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Kuesioner yang disusun dengan Skala Likert 5 poin. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor budaya, sosial, pribadi, dan psikologis berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Faktor sosial merupakan variabel yang berpengaruh dominan terhadap keputusan pembelian
Pengaruh rating di aplikasi Tokopedia dan Bukalapak, jumlah followers instagram dan electronic word of mouth terhadap keputusan membeli
Authors: Saputra Septa Adi , Singgih Mohamad Nur
Published: September 2020

Tujuan studi untuk mengetahui pengaruh rating pada toko online di aplikasi Tokopedia dan Bukalapak, jumlah followers instagram ecommerce dan electronic word of mouth (eWOM) terhadap keputusan membeli konsumen,  membahas mengenai keputusan konsumen untuk membeli barang yang diinginkan berdasarkan rating dan review dari beberapa pembeli yang memberikan ulasan di aplikasi jual beli online dan di Instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Partisipatory Observer yang melibatkan 2 aplikasi jual beli online dan  ecommerce yang ada di Intagram dan Facebook. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indikator dalam penelitian ini memiliki pengeruh terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam mengambil keputsan untuk membeli sebuah produk di ecommerce, dan toko di aplikasi online Tokopedia dan Bukalapak
Analisis implementasi manajemen strategi dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan pondok pesantren
Authors: Qori Imam
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi strategi manajemen dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan Al-Asror, dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data primer pengelola Al-Asror dan data sekunder berupa buku pegangan Al-Asror. Metode analisis yang digunakan dengan tahapan manajemen strategis berupa perumusan strategi, implementasi strategi dan evaluasi strategi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum Al-Asror telah menerapkan strategi manajemen dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Namun terdapat beberapa langkah strategis yang belum terpenuhi dengan baik yaitu kurangnya visi dan misi, kurangnya pemahaman tentang kekuatan dan kelemahan internal, kurangnya rasa memiliki dan semangat tanggung jawab dalam mengembangkan kualitas pendidikan, sehingga implementasi strategi tidak dapat dilakukan. dilakukan dengan benar. begitu pula lemahnya kemampuan untuk melakukan koreksi evaluatif.
Pengaruh Experiental Marketing terhadap loyalitas konsumen dan dimediasi oleh kepuasan konsumen
Authors: Prasetyo Deni Widyo , Wasis Wasis
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan pengaruh Experiental Marketing terhadap loyalitas konsumen dan dimediasi oleh kepuasan konsumen. Penelitian menggunakan metode explanasi (explanatory) dengan skala pengukuran Likert 5 point, sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 100 sampel, metode pengumpulan data dengan angket. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, Analisa Jalur, dan Uji Sobel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan Experiental Marketing tidak berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas konsumen di Jos cafe Jombang, kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas konsumen di Jos cafe Jombang, kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh positif menjadi mediasi Experiental Marketing terhadap loyalitas konsumen di Jos Cafe Jombang. Saran dalam penelitian selanjutnya yaitu agar dapat menggambarkan Experiental Marketing, Kepuasan konsumen dan loyalitas konsumen di Jos cafe jombang secara menyeluruh perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan sampel yang lebih besar dan dalam jangka waktu penelitian yang lebih panjang.
Pengaruh budaya kerja 5R terhadap kinerja pegawai dimediasi motivasi kerja
Authors: Sari Ika Kurnia
Published: September 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya kerja 5R(Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat dan Rajin)terhadap kinerjapegawaiyang dimediasi oleh motivasi kerja. Jenis penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, penelitian pada Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Malang.Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan Skala Likert lima poin, sampel diambil menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya kerja 5R berpengaruh positif secara langsung terhadap kinerja pegawai, budaya kerja 5R berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap kinerja pegawai melalui motivasi kerja. Hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa budaya kerja 5R memiliki pengaruh yang lebih besar secara langsung terhadap kinerja pegawai dibandingkan melalui motivasi kerja
Peran kepuasan pelanggan sebagai mediasi pengaruh citra merek terhadap kepercayaan merek
Authors: Seka Elin Ayu
Published: September 2020

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh Citra Merek dan Kepercayaan Merek terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan dimediasi kepuasan pelanggan. Metode penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan survey. Penelitian ini dilakukan di REI Adventure Store Malang, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Accidental sampling, diperoleh 67 sampel,  teknik analisis data menggunakan Path Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan citra merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan, citra merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap loyalitas pelanggan melalui kepuasan pelanggan. Kemudian hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa citra merek memiliki pengaruh yang lebih besar secara langsung terhadap loyalitas pelanggan
Systematic review of therapeutic outcomes of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and their predictors in adults receiving integrated treatment of tuberculosis and Human Immuno-deficiency Virus in low and middle-income countries: a study protocol
Authors: Kadia Benjamin Momo , Aroke Desmond , Njefi Kevin Pene , Tochie Joel Noutakdie , Tianyi Frank-Leonel , Kadia Reine Suzanne , Dimala Christian Akem
Published: September 2020

Background: Programs that integrate tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment aim to provide efficient treatment services and maximize successful treatment outcomes through the delivery of both TB and HIV treatment by one provider at the same time and location. However, multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is more difficult to treat as compared to drug-sensitive TB, and in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), the potential of programs integrating TB/HIV treatment to sustain favourable MDR-TB treatment outcomes is poorly elucidated. The objective of this review is to perform a systematic collection, critical appraisal and synthesis of existing evidence on therapeutic outcomes of MDR-TB and their predictors among adults receiving integrated treatment for TB/HIV in LMICs. Methods: A systematic review of quantitative evidence from observational cohort and case control studies will be performed. Medline, Embase, and Global Health electronic databases will be searched for relevant studies published from March 2004 to December 2019. Two investigators will independently screen the search output, review the eligible studies, and assess the quality of the eligible studies using quality assessment tools of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Random-effects meta-analysis will be used to obtain summary estimates. Heterogeneity across studies will be assessed using the I 2 statistic. The confidence in the summary estimates will be rated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The final review will be reported following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis, presented at scientific conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Discussion: This study is expected to report the performance of integrated TB/HIV treatment programs as regards their potential to uphold successful MDR-TB treatment outcomes in LMICs. Furthermore, the review will indicate patient-related and healthcare-related factors that should be addressed to improve on survival of patients with MDR-TB/HIV co-infection in LMICs. Systematic review registration: This review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and the reference ID is CRD42020159745
AChE-activity in critically ill patients with suspected septic encephalopathy: a prospective, single-centre study
Authors: Zujalovic Benedikt , Mayer Benjamin , Hafner Sebastian , Balling Florian , Barth Eberhard
Published: September 2020

Background: Up to 70% of septic patients develop a diffuse brain dysfunction named “septic associated encephalopathy” (SAE) which is often solely based on clinical impressions. However, the diagnosis of SAE is outcome-relevant due to an increase in mortality in these patients. Neuroinflammation as well as a disturbance of cholinergic transmission are assumed to be the causes of both delirium and septic associated encephalopathy. An alteration in cholinergic activity can be objectified by measuring the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase-activity (AChE-activity). Single-point measurements of acetylcholinesterase-activity are of limited value because individual and dynamic changes over time have to be anticipated. Therefore, the hypothesis should be tested whether a longitudinal analysis of acetylcholinesterase-activity in critically ill patients can help to diagnose a suspected septic-associated encephalopathy and whether acetylcholinesterase-activity differs in comparison to non-septic patients.Methods: In this prospective, observational, single-center study, 175 patients (45 with sepsis, 130 without sepsis) were included. All patients were admitted to the surgical Intensive Care Unit of the University hospital Ulm, Germany. Patients were examined daily for the presence of delirium using the CAM-ICU. Daily measurement of the acetylcholinesterase-activity was performed in all patients. The possible time-dependent change in acetylcholinesterase-activity was analyzed with a linear regression model considering repeated measurements. Using a time-adjusted model, further factors able to affect AChE-activity were investigated. For nonparametric distributions quantitative data were compared using Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. For analysis of independent samples the Mann-Whitney test was performed.Results: About 90% of septic patients with suspected septic associated encephalopathy exhibited a statistically significant time-dependent in- or decrease in acetylcholinesterase-activity over a period of at least 5 consecutive days.Conclusion: Longitudinal measurement of acetylcholinesterase-activity over several consecutive days revealed a change from baseline only in septic patients with suspected septic-associated encephalopathy. Therefore, longitudinal measurement of acetylcholinesterase-activity is able to diagnose septic associated encephalopathy in septic patients with delirious symptoms.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered at German Clinical Trials Register, registration number DRKS 00020542, date of registration: January 27, 2020
A comprehensive multivariate model of biopsychosocial factors associated with opioid misuse and use disorder in a 2017-2018 United States national survey
Authors: Ishino Francisco Alejandro Montiel , McNab Philip R. , Gilreath Tamika , Salmeron Bonita , Williams Faustine
Published: September 2020

Background: Few studies have comprehensively and contextually examined the relationship of variables associated with opioid use. Our purpose was to fill a critical gap in comprehensive risk models of opioid misuse and use disorder in the United States by identifying the most salient predictors.Methods: A multivariate logistic regression was used on the 2017 and 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, which included all 50 states and the District of Columbia of the United States. The sample included all noninstitutionalized civilian adults aged 18 and older (N=85,580; weighted N=248,008,986). The outcome of opioid misuse and/or use disorder was based on reported prescription pain reliever and/or heroin use dependence, abuse, or misuse. Biopsychosocial predictors of opioid misuse and use disorder in addition to sociodemographic characteristics and other substance dependence or abuse were examined in our comprehensive model. Biopsychosocial characteristics included socioecological and health indicators. Criminality was the socioecological indicator. Health indicators included self-reported health, private health insurance, psychological distress, and suicidality. Sociodemographic variables included age, sex/gender, race/ethnicity, sexual identity, education, residence, income, and employment status. Substance dependence or abuse included both licit and illicit substances (i.e., nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, methamphetamine, tranquilizers, stimulants, sedatives). Results. The comprehensive model found that criminality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.98-3.37, p<0.001), self-reported health (i.e., excellent compared to fair/poor [AOR=3.71, 95%CI=2.19-6.29, p<0.001], good [AOR=3.43, 95%CI=2.20-5.34, p<0.001], and very good [AOR=2.75, 95%CI=1.90-3.98, p<0.001]), no private health insurance (AOR=2.12, 95%CI=1.55-2.89, p<0.001), serious psychological distress (AOR=2.12, 95%CI=1.55-2.89, p<0.001), suicidality (AOR=1.58, 95%CI=1.17-2.14, p=0.004), and other substance dependence or abuse were significant predictors of opioid misuse and/or use disorder. Substances associated were nicotine (AOR=3.01, 95%CI=2.30-3.93, p<0.001), alcohol (AOR=1.40, 95%CI=1.02-1.92, p=0.038), marijuana (AOR=2.24, 95%CI=1.40-3.58, p=0.001), cocaine (AOR=3.92, 95%CI=2.14-7.17, p<0.001), methamphetamine (AOR=3.32, 95%CI=1.96-5.64, p<0.001), tranquilizers (AOR=16.72, 95%CI=9.75-28.65, p<0.001), and stimulants (AOR=2.45, 95%CI=1.03-5.87, p=0.044). Conclusions. Biopsychosocial characteristics such as socioecological and health indicators, as well as other substance dependence or abuse were stronger predictors of opioid misuse and use disorder than sociodemographic characteristics.
Genome-wide detection and sequence conservation analysis of long non-coding RNA during hair follicle cycle of yak
Authors: Zhang Xiaolan , Bao Qi , Jia Congjun , Li Chen , Chang Yongfang , Wu Xiaoyun , Liang Chunnian , Bao Pengjia , Yan Ping
Published: September 2020

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as an important regulator has been demonstrated playing an indispensable role in the biological process of hair follicles (HFs) growth. However, their function and expression profile in the HFs cycle of yak are yet unknown. Only a few functional lncRNAs have been identified, partly due to the low sequence conservation and lack of identified conserved properties in lncRNAs. Here, lncRNA-seq was employed to detect the expression profile of lncRNAs during the HFs cycle of yak, and the sequence conservation of two datasets between yak and cashmere goat during the HFs cycle was analyzed. Results: A total of 2884 lncRNAs were identified in 5 phases (Jan., Mar., Jun., Aug., and Oct.) during the HFs cycle of yak. Then, differential expression analysis between 3 phases (Jan., Mar., and Oct.) was performed, revealing that 198 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were obtained in the Oct.-vs-Jan. group, 280 DELs were obtained in the Jan.-vs-Mar. group, and 340 DELs were obtained in the Mar.-vs-Oct. group. Subsequently, the nearest genes of lncRNAs were searched as the potential target genes and used to explore the function of DELs by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Several critical pathways involved in HFs development such as Wnt signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, and signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, were enriched. To further screen key lncRNAs influencing the HFs cycle, 24 DELs with differ degree of sequence conservation were obtained via a comparative analysis of partial DELs with previously published lncRNA-seq data of cashmere goat in the HFs cycle using NCBI BLAST-2.9.0+, and 3 DELs of them were randomly selected for further detailed analysis of the sequence conservation properties.Conclusions: This study revealed the expression pattern and potential function of lncRNAs during HFs cycle of yak, which would expand the knowledge about the role of lncRNAs in the HFs cycle. The findings related to sequence conservation properties of lncRNAs in the HFs cycle between the two species may provide valuable insights into the study of lncRNA functionality and mechanism.
Classification Models using Circulating Neutrophil Transcripts Can Detect Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Poppenberg Kerry E , Tutino Vincent M , Li Lu , Waqas Muhammad , June Armond , Chaves Lee , Jiang Kaiyu , Jarvis James N , Sun Yijun , Snyder Kenneth V , Levy Elad I , Siddiqui Adnan H , Kolega John , Meng Hui
Published: September 2020

Background: Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are dangerous because of their potential to rupture. We previously found significant RNA expression differences in circulating neutrophils between patients with and without unruptured IAs and trained machine learning models to predict presence of IA using 40 neutrophil transcriptomes. Here, we aim to develop a predictive model for unruptured IA using neutrophil transcriptomes from a larger population and more robust machine learning methods. Methods: Neutrophil RNA extracted from the blood of 134 patients (55 with IA, 79 IA-free controls) was subjected to next-generation RNA sequencing. In a randomly-selected training cohort (n=94), the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) selected transcripts, from which we constructed prediction models via 4 well-established supervised machine-learning algorithms (K-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines with Gaussian and cubic kernels). We tested the models in the remaining samples (n=40) and assessed model performance by receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of 9 IA-associated genes was used to verify gene expression in a subset of 49 neutrophil RNA samples. We also examined the potential influence of demographics and comorbidities on model prediction. Results: Feature selection using LASSO in the training cohort identified 37 IA-associated transcripts. Models trained using these transcripts had a maximum accuracy of 90% in the testing cohort. The testing performance across all methods had an average area under ROC curve (AUC)=0.97, an improvement over our previous models. The Random Forest model performed best across both training and testing cohorts. RT-qPCR confirmed expression differences in 7 of 9 genes tested. Gene ontology and IPA network analyses performed on the 37 model genes reflected dysregulated inflammation, cell signaling, and apoptosis processes. In our data, demographics and comorbidities did not affect model performance. Conclusions: We improved upon our previous IA prediction models based on circulating neutrophil transcriptomes by increasing sample size and by implementing LASSO and more robust machine learning methods. Future studies are needed to validate these models in larger cohorts and further investigate effect of covariates.
Uganda’s Increasing Dependence On Development Partner’s Support For Immunization – A Five Year Resource Tracking Study (2012 – 2016)
Authors: Kamya Carol , Abewe Christabel , Waiswa Peter , Asiimwe Gilbert , Namugaya Faith , Opio Charles , Ampeire Immaculate , Lagony Stephen , Charlotte Muheki
Published: September 2020

Background: In Uganda, there are persistent weaknesses in obtaining accurate, reliable and complete data on local and external investments in immunization to guide planning, financing, and resource mobilization. This study aimed to measure and describe the financial envelope for immunization from 2012 to 2016 and analyze expenditures at sub-national level.Methods: The Systems of Health Accounts (SHA) 2011 methodology was used to quantify and map the resource envelope for immunization. Data was collected at national and sub-national level from public and external sources of immunization through key informant interviews coupled with document reviews. Data were coded using the SHA, categorized and disaggregated to detail the expenditure on immunization activities. Results: Over a five-year period, funding for immunization increased fourfold to US$ 85.6 million in 2016. The Ugandan government was the main contributor (55%) to immunization resources from 2012 to 2014. However, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance contributed the majority (59%) of the resources to immunization in 2015 and 2016. Majority (66%) of the funds were managed by the National Medical Stores. Over the five-year period, 80% of the funds allocated to immunization activities were spent on facility based routine immunization (expenditure on human resources and outreaches). At sub-national level, districts allocated 15% of their total annual resources to immunization to support supervision to lower health centers (including distribution of vaccines). Health facilities spent 5.5% of their total annual resources on immunization to support outreaches.Conclusion: Development partner support has aided the improvement of vaccine coverage and increased access to vaccines. However, there is an increasing dependence on this support for a critical national program raising sustainability concerns alongside other challenges like being off budget and unpredictable. To ensure financial sustainability, there is need to operationalize the immunization fund, advocate and mobilize additional resources for immunization from the Government of Uganda and the private sector, increase the reliability of resources for immunization as well as leverage on health financing reforms like the National Health Insurance.
Access to and use of sexual and reproductive health services among street children in Uganda: Does migration matter?
Authors: Bwambale Mulekya Francis , Bukuluki Paul , Moyer Cheryl A. , Borne Bart H.W Van den
Published: September 2020

Background: While the nexus of migration and health outcomes is well acknowledged, the effect of rural-urban migration on use of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services has received less attention. We assessed the effect of rural-rural migration on the use of SRH services while controlling for confounding and whether there is a difference in the use of SRH services among migrant and non-migrant street children and young adults.Methods: Data were collected among 513 street children and young adults aged 12 - 24 years using face‐to‐face interviews using venue-based time-space sampling (VBTS). Using STATA 16.00, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with SRH services use, with rural-urban migration status as the main predictor. We defined migrants as street children and young adults aged 12 - 24 years who migrated from rural districts and settled in Kampala city for a period of not more than 24 months preceding the survey.Results: Overall, 18.13% of the street children and young adults had ever used contraception/family planning, 45.89% had ever tested for HIV and knew their status while 34.70% had ever been screened for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Migrant street children and young adults had reduced odds of using SRH services (HIV testing, use of FP and screening for STIs compared to non-migrant street children and young adults (aOR=0.59, 95%CI 0.36 - 0.97). Other factors associated with use of SRH services among street children and young adults include age (aOR=4.51; 95%CI 2.78 - 7.33), schooling status (aOR=0.34; 95%CI - 1.830 0.15-0.76), knowledge of place of care (aOR=3.37,95%CI 2.04 - 5.34) and access to SRH information (aOR=2.7, 95%CI 1.67 - 4.53). Conclusion: Access to and use of SRH services is low among migrant street children and adults compared to the non-migrant street children and young adults and is independently associated with rural-urban migration status, age, schooling status, knowledge of place of SRH care and access to SRH information. Our findings call for the need to design and implement multi-dimensional interventions to increase use of SRH services among street children and young adults while taking into consideration their migration patterns.
Administration of Saccharomyces boulardii mafic-1701 improves feed conversion ratio, promotes antioxidant capacity, alleviates intestinal inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in weaned piglets
Authors: Zhang Wenxiu , Bao Chengling , Wang Jian , Zang Jianjun , Cao Yunhe
Published: September 2020

Background: Probiotics are used as a means to improve animal health and intestinal development. Saccharomyces boulardii is a well-known probiotic; however, few studies have examined the effects of S. boulardii on weaned piglet performance. Therefore, this 28-day study compared the effects of S. boulardii mafic-1701 and aureomycin in diets for weaned piglets on growth performance, antioxidant parameters, inflammation and intestinal microbiota. One hundred and eight piglets, weaned at 28 d of age (8.5 ± 1.1 kg), were randomly divided into the three dietary treatment groups with six pens and six piglets per pen (half male and half female). The dietary treatment groups were as follows: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg aureomycin (ANT); (3) basal diet supplemented with 1 × 108 CFU/kg S. boulardii mafic-1701 (SB).Results: Compared to CON group, SB group had higher feed efficiency (P < 0.05) in the last 14 days and lower diarrhea rate (P < 0.05) over the entire 28 days. Total superoxide dismutase in serum was markedly increased in SB group (P < 0.05). Moreover, compared with CON group, SB group decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (P < 0.01) and Tumor necrosis factor-α (P < 0.05) in jejunum. Supplementation of S. boulardii mafic-1701 increased the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG_009 and Turicibacter (P < 0.05), whereas the abundance of unclassified_Clostridiaceae_4 was decreased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, S. boulardii mafic-1701 administration increased cecal concentration of microbial metabolites, isobutyrate and valerate (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The improvement in feed conversion ratio, reduction in diarrhea rate in weaned piglets provided diets supplemented with S. boulardii mafic-1701 may be associated with enhanced antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory responses and improved intestinal microbial ecology.