bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power and energy consumption of skid‐steer rovers turning on loose soil
Authors: Fiset Jean‐Sebastien , Effati Meysam , Skonieczny Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

This study highlights two key phenomena affecting power and energy consumption of skid‐steer rovers on loose soil that is not present on the hard ground: soil excavation due to wheel counterrotation and impeded turning when dragging a braked wheel. Experiments in the field and in a controlled laboratory sandbox show that, on sand, power peaks by 15%–20% in a newly identified range of turns with radii between half the rover width, , to , the radius at which the inner wheel does not turn. In this range of turns, the inner wheels rotate backwards but are being dragged forward through piles of sand they excavate by counterrotation. At , turns are shown to take much longer, leading to higher total energy consumption over time. Experiments in a controlled laboratory sandbox isolate the high motor torque and the resistance force experienced when a skid‐steer rover drags a counterrotating or braked wheel, respectively, through loose soil. Other field experiments also demonstrate that paths combining circular arcs and lines can lead to energy savings of up to 15% relative to common ones consisting of point turns and lines; the experimental results suggest the circular arcs should have radii of approximately . The quantitative values presented in this paper are specific to the rover and soils tested, but there are reasons to support the overall conclusions generalizing to all skid‐steer rovers in loose soil.
Local support vector machine based dimension reduction
Authors: Li Linxi , Wang Qin , Ke Chenlu
Published: October 2022

Motivated by several recent work that adopt support vector machines into the sufficient dimension reduction research, we propose a local support vector machine based dimension reduction approach. The proposal deals with continuous and binary responses, linear and nonlinear dimension reduction in a unified framework. The localization can also help relax the stringent probabilistic assumptions required by the global methods. Numerical experiments and a real data application demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
2.4: Influence of Screen Devices using on Myopia in Children aged 7–11 years: a Multi‐center Experimental Study
Authors: Yu Xi , Gong Ling , Wei Lili , Hyun Min Seung , Ma Lu , Peng Zisu , Wang Kai , Zhao Mingwei , Zhou Jiawei
Published: October 2022

Purpose. To investigate the working distances when children read text with different font sizes and watched videos under different learning facilities by various devices.

Methods. There were two experiments in this study. In Experiment 1, 35 children (8.97 ± 1.12 years old, 10 females) with normal or corrected‐to‐normal visual acuity (≤ 0.00 logMAR) were recruited. Subjects were asked to read a fairy tale that was shown in five different font sizes (tablet, laptop, digital book, printed book: 9, 10.5, 12, 14, and 16 pounds; cellphone: 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 pounds) by a tablet, laptop, cellphone, digital and printed books. In Experiment 2, 10 children (8.3 ± 1.16 years old, 3 females) were asked to watch videos (online education program) using a tablet, laptop and cellphone. Throughout the experiments, Clouclip, which is a wearable and continuous rangefinder, was used to measure the working distances (the distance between the eyes of the observers and the screen).

Results. In Experiment 1, the mean working distance was significantly different amongst different devices (tablet: 43.8 ± 1.8 cm; laptop: 50.4 ± 1.8 cm; cellphone: 31.8 ± 1.2 cm; digital book: 28.9 ± 1.2 cm; printed book: 37.4 ± 1.7 cm; P < 0.001). The working distance increased with larger font sizes (P < 0.001). The working distances exceeded 30 cm when children read the tale with the tablet, laptop and printed book at all font size conditions. However, the working distances were less than 30 cm when children read the tale using a digital book at all font size conditions, using cellphone under 14 pounds. In Experiment 2, the working distance was significantly different amongst different screen devices (tablet: 49.5 ± 1.8 cm; laptop: 60.6 ± 5.7 cm; cellphone: 45.3 ± 3.4 cm; P = 0.018). The working distance slightly increased within 25 minutes after subjects started watching the videos but decreased after 25 minutes of the viewing session; they were all larger than 30 cm by all screen devices.

Conclusions. Children demonstrated different working distances when they read and watched video in different conditions. Closer working distances were found when the subjects used smaller screen devices with a smaller font size compared to those when the subjects used larger screen devices with a larger font size during reading; this might be a risk factor for myopia progression. Larger distances were observed in the laptop compared with that in the tablet and the cellphone when children watched videos. We also recommend that a session of watching a video to not exceed 25 minutes. Our work provides an insight about controlling for myopia by informing the working distance of children when they use various screen devices.
4.2: Invited Paper: CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum‐dot paper exhibiting highest 3‐dB bandwidthand realizing flexible white‐light system for visible‐light communication
Authors: Lu Tingwei , Singh Konthoujam James , Huang Yu-Ming , Pan Jianhua , Chen Zhong , Wu Tingzhu , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: October 2022

We propose a flexible white‐light system for high‐speed visible‐light communication (VLC) applications, consisting of a semipolar blue InGaN/GaN single‐quantum‐well micro‐light‐emitting diode (LED) on a flexible substrate pumping green CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum‐dot (PQD) paper in nanostructure form and red CdSe QD paper. The highest bandwidth for CsPbBr3 PQD paper, 229 MHz, is achieved with a blue micro‐LED pumping source, this is very promising for VLC application.
5.2: A Method of Noise Reduction Based on Adaptive Digital Filter for Touch Panel Data Processing
Authors: Liu Yu-Xuan , Li Chun-Quan , Jiang Xiang , Yan Jun-Zhi
Published: October 2022

Touch and Display Driver Integration(TDDI) chips are widely used on smart phones and tablet PCs. Noise reduction is needed in digital raw data processing after analog‐to‐digital converters(ADC) in TDDI chips. High order digital filters are effective for digital signal noise reduction. Low time delay is required in touch panel operations. This paper proposes a method to apply an adaptive digital filter in touch panel chips with low time delay simultaneously. In this research, Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) has been increased by an average of 7.77dB in continuous finger touch at 120Hz scan frequency, with less than 1 frame delay at touch or leave operation.
5.3: Brightness Decline Mechanism at Low Frequency Display on LTPS LCD
Authors: Pan You , Dai Ronglei , Yang Liu , Guo Yunlong , Gong Qiang , Xue Jingfeng
Published: October 2022

The current high‐frequency LTPS LCD panel cannot reach the low‐frequency specification of less than 30Hz display. We evaluated the leakage current & flicker value correspondence relationship through a simplified model, then we measured the time‐brightness curve at 15Hz display and found brightness change in one frame includes three different stages. Therefore, effective measures are proposed to improve image flicker performance. Finally, a 6.58‐inch FHD LTPS‐LCD with 15~165Hz display was achieved without optimization of pixel TFT leakage current.
10.3: A Novel Method to Estimate Color Separation of Reflected Light in COE Panels
Authors: Xu Chuan X. , Yao Qi , Yuan Guang C. , Shu Shi , Wang Tie S. , Huang Hai T. , Yan Hua J. , Kang Liang L. , Zhao Lei , Ni Jing K.
Published: October 2022

A novel method was proposed to improve the color separation phenomenon of COE panel by adding some TiO2 scattering particles to the color photoresists, and the lab is reduced from 21.0 to 5.6. Besides, the viewing angle is also increasd.
13.1: Invited Paper: Learnings from Small Form‐Factor Pluggable PC Design for 8K Display
Authors: Kai Beh Jiun , Mehebubali Hirani Rizwan , Cope Ben , Kee Chen Wei Lendi
Published: October 2022

For large form‐factor displays in IOT applications, pluggable PC modules are a popular choice to integrate a media player within the display panel which allows separation of the display and compute module's upgrade. Industry standard examples include the Intel® Smart Display Module (SDM) [1]. New and emerging requirements such as ITU‐R UHD‐2 (commonly referred to as 8K) and advanced connectivity like 5G and Wi‐Fi 6E present unique signal integrity, connector selection, component and antennas placement challenges which are covered in this paper with key learnings from real world Intel® SDM designs. Key learning one is to leverage investment in industry standards such as PCI Express when implementing a custom interface connector between display panel and compute module for parts availability and cost effectively scaling to new data rates. Second key learning is to ensure the wireless antennas are strategically placed to achieve desired isolation, efficiency, and gain within small form‐factor. A third key learning in enabling 8K to support wide range of display panels by choosing compatible system components and designing correct end to end display signal chain.
16.4: Bandwidth effect correction used for wide color gamut display measurement
Authors: Luo Shiwen , Yin Zhengzheng , Hong Zhikun , Zheng Zengqiang
Published: October 2022

With the development of display technology, several new displays have attracted much attention such as OLED display, QLED display, Laser display and Mini/MicroLED display. Displays with high brightness, wide color gamut, high efficiency and long lifetime are our ultimate goal. Defect inspections and color measurements are important for us to evaluate display quality. To obtain wide color gamut, we usually use narrow spectral bandwidth light source. However, it's not easy for traditional color camera or filter camera to measure narrow bandwidth light source because the accuracy is limited. In this paper, we simulate color measurement accuracy by color camera and filter camera. We analyze the influence of bandwidth effect on the color measurement and carry out bandwidth effect correction method. With the correction, the measurement accuracy improves obviously. In addition, different displays with different spectral bandwidth have been measured to validate the corrections. The results show significant improvement in color measurement accuracy. Our bandwidth effect correction can be used for wide color gamut display measurement.
17.3: The study on minimizing angular color shift in high resolution Micro‐OLED with Color Filter
Authors: Kang Dong-Wang , Cho Seung-Hyun , Shim Sang-Min , Jeon Seung-Ho
Published: October 2022

In high‐resolution and wide‐viewing‐angle Microdisplay OLED(Micro‐OLED) with Color Filter (CF), the control of the color mixture between adjacent sub‐pixels is a method to reduce the color shift. With optic simulation, we analyze the dependency of the color mixture on design parameters of the pixel structure such as mainly pixel size, CF size, and CF location. Additionally, we propose the design methodology to minimize the angular color shift.
17.4: The Role of Dopant Materials on Current Efficiency Roll‐off in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Mengzhen , Cai Minghan , Wang Hongyu , Gao Xiaoyu , Zhu Xiujian , Jin Yu , Li Guomeng , Song Wonjun
Published: October 2022

With the increase of user demand, higher brightness become a trend for the information display products, which makes efficiency roll‐off issue even more concerning in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED). Here, we fabricated a set of red phosphorescent OLED structure for investigating the origin of roll‐off. By replacing different kinds of red dopant materials (RD‐1 and RD‐2) and red host materials, we found the main reason affecting efficiency roll‐off is dopant materials in emitting layer. Three key factors, including triplet‐triplet annihilation (TTA), triplet‐polaron quenching (TPQ), as well as the width of recombination zone were investigated. Firstly, the transient photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) results illustrated a longer excited state lifetime for RD‐2. Consequently, we demonstrated a relatively serious TPQ phenomenon in the unipolar device with RD‐2, which revealed a higher interaction probability between photon‐induced exciton and polaron. Finally, the OLED with RD‐2 showed apparently higher SCLC (space charge limited current) hole mobility in the hole‐only device. According to the recombination zone profiles and capacitance results, we proposed that a higher hole‐type space charge concentration in the device based on RD‐2 contributed to a higher polaron and triplet concentration in EML. Combined with a longer exciton diffusion length, a higher rate of TPQ was induced and resulted in relatively serious roll‐off phenomenon.
18.1: Invited Paper: Large‐Area Low‐Cost MicroLED TV Displays
Authors: Chaji Reza , Zamani Siboni Hossein , Fathi Ehsan
Published: October 2022

This paper reviews a solution for developing the ultimate monolithic displays for TV. The displays made with this solution can offer 2–3 times lower power consumption compared to OLED, high brightness and no burn‐in issue. The cost of the displays can be competitive with existing OLED displays.
19.2: Invited Paper: Driving and Evaluating Methods for Color Electronic Paper
Authors: Wang Xidu , Li Guoyuan , Zeng Xi , Hu Dianlu , Chen Yu
Published: October 2022

Color Electronic Paper (CEPD) is expected by the customers for a long time. A lot of technologies have been studied to realize this CEPD, they will be summaried in this paper. The mircrocapsule electrophoretic display whith color filter is closest to mass production in these technologiers. Some products have already appeared in the market even the performents still could not meet the requirements of customers and the pricer is very high. Driving methods are studied in this paper and the test methods for CEPD are also discussed.
19.5: Reconfigurable microfluidic interface programmed by conductive‐microstructure induced localized instability
Authors: Feng Hao , Lin Tao , Guo YuanYuan , Tang Biao , Zhou Guofu
Published: October 2022

Electrofulidic displays is a reflective display technology based on the principle of electrowetting for high‐speed operation of liquid interface. For this, precise control of the relative motion of the two‐phase fluid is very important for optical performance. However, due to the instability of the liquid‐liquid interface under an electric field, it is very difficult to accurately control the relative dynamics of the two‐phase fluid through electrowetting. Therefore, how to realize the stable and controllable dynamics of the oil‐water interface is an interesting challenge. At present, there have been many researches aimed at this problem in terms of device structure [1], electrode design [2], driving waveform [3], etc.However, due to the characteristics of the material or the limitation of the structure manufacturing process, these methods still cannot form a stable control of the movement of the oil‐water interface. In this paper, through the flexible programmable inkjet printing process, conductive micropiller (CMP) are implanted in the pixel structure to induce local distortion electric fields to further precisely control the movement of the oil‐water two‐phase interface.
23.2: Invited Paper: Challenges for Realizing QD‐LED
Authors: Okamoto Shota , Kanehiro Masayuki , Matsushita Kazuhiko , Horiue Shinichi , Utsumi Hisayuki , Qu Yang , Fu Xiaohuan , Konishi Katsuhiko , Oda Akihiro , Koyama Yoshitaka , Kitagawa Makoto , Nakanishi Yohei , Ishida Takeshi
Published: October 2022

This paper reports on the potential of quantum dot light emitting diode (QD‐LED) as a future display technology and the challenges to realize a QD‐LED based display from the perspective of materials, processes, and optical design requirements. We give an update on development of active matrix QD‐LED displays using Cd free QDs.
37.2: Development of High Performance Oxide TFTs Using Back‐Channel‐Etch Structure With Copper Electrodes
Authors: He Zijie , Jiang Zhixiong , Gong Cheng , Zhao Bin , Xiao Juncheng , Li Shan
Published: October 2022

In this paper, back‐channel‐etch structure TFTs with copper electrodes were manufactured using Indium‐Gallium‐Zinc oxide (IGZO) and Lanthanide rare earth element doped Indium‐Zinc oxide (Ln‐IZO) as the active layer. After researching the influence of different copper etchants on oxide films and device performance, we recommended fluorine‐free copper etchant. Furthermore, the application of an heavily doped Ln‐IZO with less indium content as a barrier layer covering the lightly doped Ln‐IZO layer exhibits stronger tolerance to copper etchants. With this dual‐active‐layer structure , our devices performed even higher mobility (>15 cm2/Vs).
37.3: Self‐Aligned Top‐Gate Amorphous ZnSnO Thin‐Film Transistor with Thermal‐Stable Al Reaction‐Doped Source/Drain
Authors: Yang Huan , Li Jiye , Zhou Xiaoliang , Lu Lei , Zhang Shengdong
Published: October 2022

This work develops self‐aligned top‐gate (SATG) amorphous ZnSnO (a‐ZTO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) with thermal‐stable low‐resistance source/drain regions using Al reaction method. Compared with Ar plasma treatment, Al reaction doped a‐ZTO films exhibit higher carrier concentration, lower resistance and better thermal stability in oxygen ambient. The fabricated SATG a‐ZTO TFT with Al reaction doped source/drain thus shows excellent electrical performance, such as low channel width normalized source/drain resistance of 7.1 Ω cm, high mobility of 15.7 cm2/Vs. Moreover, good electrical stabilities under high‐temperature oxygen ambient or gate bias stresses are also obtained in Al reaction treated devices.
39.3: Highly Efficient Near‐Infrared Phosphorescent OLEDs
Authors: Ji Zhiqiang , Margulies Eric A. , Boudreault Pierre-Luc T. , Alleyne Bert D. , Brown Julie J.
Published: October 2022

We report NIR phosphorescent OLEDs (NIR PHOLEDs) with external quantum efficiency (EQE) as high as ~ 9% at a drive current of 10 mA/cm2 with a peak wavelength of ~800 nm and minimal visible emission. The high EQEs of these PHOLEDs were enabled by the high PLQYs resulting from the development of a novel class of NIR materials.
40.3: Fast Fringe‐field‐effect Free Continuous 2.25π Phase Modulation Based on Non‐linear Kerr Effect of Vertical Aligned Deformed Helix Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal
Authors: Yuan Zheng-Nan , Sun Zhi-Bo , Yu Xin-Yi , Cheng Ming , Cheng Yue-chu , Li An-ran , Vashchenko Valerii , Kwok Hoi-Sing , Srivastava Abhishek K.
Published: October 2022

A fast (Relaxation ~25μs and response ~50μs at 55°C) high‐contrast continuous 2π phase modulation without fringe field effect (FFE) based upon Kerr effect of vertical aligned deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (VADHFLC) is proposed. Specifically, FFE is a long‐term inevitable barrier for nematic liquid crystal (NLC). Surprisingly, it is the 1st‐time found that no FFE exists for VADHFLC under 1μm pitch, which is an arresting feature for ultra‐high‐resolution applications. Moreover, the Kerr constant is 88nm/V2 and the contrast ratio is > 1000:1. It is a promising candidate for AR/VR, wavelength selective switch (WSS), hologram, ultra‐high‐PPI display, adaptive optics and LiDAR applications.
43.4: Temperature Sensor Based on a Pseudo‐E Inverter Built with Metal‐Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Shi Runxiao , Wong Man
Published: October 2022

Presently reported is a temperature sensor using a pseudo‐E inverter built with indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide thin‐film transistors. The fabricated inverter exhibits good temperature sensitivity of 11.0 mV/°C with rising temperature and 11.7 mV/°C with falling temperature. The sensitivity originates from the change in the threshold voltage of the thin film transistors consisting of the inverter, and this change is further amplified by the inverter applying the proportional design. The area of the proposed temperature sensor is ~0.37 mm2, which shows potential in real‐time and in‐pixel temperature monitoring for display.
46.2: Invited Paper: 4.82‐inch LTPS TFT Micro‐LED Display for Tiled Display Modules
Authors: Cao Xuan , Dong Xiaobiao , Wang Yan , Ge Yong , Huang Xiuqi
Published: October 2022

Micro‐LED, as one of the most promising advanced display technologies, has attracted increasing research interest from academia and display industry. With the outstanding performance in brightness, lifetime, and contrast, Micro‐LED display shows tremendous potential for applications in various electronic terminals. Moreover, due to the advantages of high reliability and isolated encapsulation, Micro‐LED can achieve bezel‐less splicing. Therefore, compared with traditional display, Micro‐LED large‐size display panels can be realized by stitching multiple bezel‐less display modules in accordance with customer requirements, such as 110 inch luxury TV. In this paper, we introduce the 4.82 inch Micro‐LED panel, which is a building block of large tiled displays, can be realized with mass transfer and LTPS TFT technology. This may pave the way for future seamless‐tiled TV products.
P‐1.1: Co‐sputtering‐deposited Hf‐doped ITO Thin Films for Thin Film Transistors Application
Authors: Xie Jingye , Zhao Kai , Li Qi , Han Dedong , Wang Yi , Zhang Xing , Dong Junchen
Published: October 2022

Oxide thin film transistors (TFTs) attract much attention in fields of advanced displays and low‐cost integrated circuits (ICs). In this work, hafnium doped InSnO (Hf‐ITO) thin films are deposited by co‐sputtering process, and are applied as the active layer to TFTs. Notably, the Hf‐ITO TFTs exhibit excellent device performance, preferable uniformity, and good gate‐bias‐stress stability. Major electrical parameters of the Hf‐ITO TFTs include a field‐effect mobility (μFE) of 7.46 cm2V−1s−1, a turn‐on voltage (VON) of 1.10 V, a sub‐threshold swing (SS) of 341.18 mV/decade, and an on/off state current ratio (ION/IOFF) over 105. Our work proposes a novel method for developing high‐mobility semiconductor oxide films and oxide TFTs.
P‐1.6: 10000PPI Active Matrix Micro‐LED Driver Circuit Design
Authors: Li Yuxin , Chen Rui , Lv Zhijian , Liu Zhaojun
Published: October 2022

Micro‐LED display technology is an emerging display technology. Compared with liquid crystal display technology, silicon‐based liquid crystal technology, and OLED technology, Micro‐LED display with Micro‐LED technology has the advantages of fast corresponding speed, autonomous light emission, high contrast ratio, and long service life.

This paper firstly introduces the driving method of Micro‐LED display technology, then introduces the method and design of the driving circuit using active addressable silicon‐based CMOS to build a dedicated Micro‐LED display, and finally gives the simulation results of the circuit, which can finally achieve the Micro‐LED driver applicable to 1920×1080 resolution, 120Hz, 10000PPI. display driver for 1920×1080 resolution, 120Hz, 10000PPI.
P‐1.13: A 10.1‐inch High Stability 120Hz Metal Oxide In‐Cell Touch LCD Display
Authors: Chen Yuhuai , Zhang Shanlin , Qiu Di , Chen Wei , Li Yuanhang , Zheng Jianhua , Liu Shao-Fan , Wang Qiang , Hsu Han-Tung , Su Chih-Yu , Chu Shu-Wei , Tseng Chih-Yuan
Published: October 2022

In this work, we fabricated a 10.1‐inch 120 Hz refresh rate display with In‐Cell Touch structure by using BCE (back‐channel etched) IGZO TFT. The Vth deviation of TFTs in G6 glass was about 0.53 V, indicted the excellent process uniformity. Then, the device preforms ware characterized and shown outstanding high‐temperature and long‐time stability. IGZO BCE backplane TFTs showed good stability in PBTS (85°C/+30V/3600s) and NBTS (85°C/‐30V/3600s). The ΔVth under PBTS and NBTS for 3600 seconds ware only +0.62 V and +0.02 V, respectively. After 240 hours environmental test of 60°C & 90% RH and 70°C & 60% RH, no function fail and image quality degradation was observed.
P‐2.6: Based on the status quo of virtual reality and prospects for future development
Authors: Hou Yaohui , Song Jianwen , Wang Lijun
Published: October 2022

In the context of the explosive growth of virtual reality technology, the author analyzes the degree of attention, development trend and hotspot distribution of VR technology in recent years through research on VR‐related market research and large‐scale project applications. Specifically, the author investigates and summarizes the history, development and latest progress of VR technology, and lists the latest achievements of VR technology in the field of industrial applications. The development prospects in the fields of patriotic education, smart medical care, and smart social networking are prospected and discussed.
P‐3.1: Convolutional Neural Network based Image Segmentation Algorithm for Dual‐Layer LCDs
Authors: Su Kai , Zhang Xin , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang , Feng Qibin
Published: October 2022

Dual‐layer LCDs have the advantage of high contrast ratio, but due to the physical distance between the two LC panels, parallax error may appear when viewed off‐axis, affecting the display quality. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network‐based algorithm to mitigate parallax error and improve the display quality. First, a suitable training data set is selected and the input image is processed by a convolutional neural network to output a front image and a rear image. These two images are staggered and multiplied to obtain reproduced images at different angles. The reproduced image is compared with the original image by means of a loss function, and the parameters in the convolution are continuously updated to achieve the best display quality. The algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively mitigate the parallax error phenomenon of a dual‐layer LCD and improve the display quality, and the computational efficiency is also higher than the traditional algorithms.
P‐3.14: Development of Thin Film Design based on IGZO‐TFT Displays for Transmittance and Picture Quality Improvement
Authors: Wang Hang , Ge Shimin , Wang S Y , Zhang Yi , Meng Yanhong , Long Wei , Wang K , Liu Wei , Li Shan , Xiao Juncheng , Zhao Bin
Published: October 2022

In this work, the effects of array‐side thin film design on the transmittance and picture quality improvement were studied by optical simulation and experimental verification based on IGZO‐TFT displays. The results show that the maximum transmittance increase of array‐side and modular optics is about 10% through optimizing thin film thickness and refractive design based on light interference cancellation principle. As a result, the power consumption is reduced noticeably without any additional cost. Moreover, the transmittance at different wavelengths can also be modulated by adjusting thin film thickness and refractive design. By this way, higher picture quality panels with higher color gamut and lower blue light can be obtained by matching with color filter of suitable spectrums. This research results provides theoretical basis and experience reference for IGZO‐TFT displays quality improvement.
P‐3.19: Demonstration of Underwater Wireless Optical Communication System Using a Green Micro‐LED and FPGA‐based PPM Modulation
Authors: Chen Rui , Lv ZhiJian , Li Yuxin , Qiu ChengFeng , Liu ZhaoJun
Published: October 2022

Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) is one of the attractive technologies to realize ocean exploration system. The research on its communication rate and system construction has attracted the attention of many scholars. This paper proposed an UWOC system based on FPGA with a Micro‐LED as light source. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) was used to build an UWOC system under the pulse position modulation (PPM), and error detection module was added to the system to verify the system performance. In this paper, we demonstrated firstly that the framework of the system and used the ISE development software to design the system structure of PPM scheme, which included the error test module. Then, the simulation software was used to verify the realization results of the FPGA transmitter and receiver. Through simulation and experimental test, we have realized and demonstrated a FPGA‐based 50Mbps UWOC system with PPM modulation scheme utilizing the green Micro‐LED.
P‐4.1: Dual‐Gate Indium‐Gallium‐Zinc Oxide Thin‐Film Transistor with an Inserted Top Gate
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Xia Zhihe , Wong Man
Published: October 2022

Dual‐gate thin‐film transistors (TFTs) structures based on indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (IGZO) with different bottom‐gate structures of etch‐stop (ES) and elevated‐metal (EM) have been compared. With the capability of realizing thinner top‐gate insulator layer and of both gate electrodes achieving full control of the channel, it is concluded that a dual‐gate TFT with a top‐gate electrode inserted between the channel and source/drain metal electrodes based on the EM structure is a more suitable choice than based on ES structure.
P‐5.8: Improving Cross Line Defects of Ultra Narrow Bezel Displays by Decreasing Foreign Matter
Authors: Wang Xintong , Song Yanjun , Li Ji , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Xiao Juncheng
Published: October 2022

Cross line defects are stubborn problems which puzzles ultra narrow bezel displays for a long time. It not only seriously lower yield of ultra narrow bezel displays, but also is difficult to repair in cell processing by NRP (normal repair). In this paper we mainly describe improving cross line defects by decreasing foreign matter in the process of CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition).
P‐5.9: Realize the High Resolution of BM by adjusting the Process, Equipment and Material Composition
Authors: Chen Du , Yin Hongshan , Tan Fang
Published: October 2022

In the development process of LCD panels, the problem of low backlight utilization has not been effectively solved. At present, the backlight utilization rate of most products is only about 5%, and 95% is lost. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of the LCD backlight is one of the key issues in reducing the power consumption and cost of the LCD panel. However, the area of the BM matrix directly affects the amount of light emitted by the backlight, so reducing the area of the BM matrix is an effective method. Now, because the light parallelism of the exposure machine is not very good, the BM light receiving part is relatively wide, and the black matrix line width can only be 14μm. If the mask opening is reduced to achieve a narrow line width, it may cause the film to fail off (BM Peeling). Therefore, this article adjusts the process(Dose reduced by 10mj/cm2, Gap reduced by 50μm), equipment parameters(EXPO turn on HRU function) and material composition(add high adhesion additives) to reduce the width of the light‐receiving part and enhance the adhesion, so as to achieve a BM CD of 10μm.
P‐5.10: 18.8 Inch 8K5K 3D Printing Panel With IGZO TFT
Authors: Lou Tenggang , Xu Wenqin , Jiang Ruoyu , Wang Chen , Wang Lei , Kong Xiangjian , Liu Jine , Qin Feng
Published: October 2022

We fabricated an 18.8inch panel with 7680*5000 pixels and 486 PPI which was used in 3D printer. The panel with mono color has excellent performance in flicker and cross talk in 30Hz driving frequency that can meets well with the demand of 3D printing. The panel also can operate well under 15Hz and above 40Hz. The panel was well designed in order to balance the performance in 405nm UV backlight and the panel loading. IGZO TFT was used to meet the industrial using environment and the optimal design of the TFT was carried out in the panel.
P‐7.4: Research on Ultra‐thin Narrow Bezel Technology of Liquid Crystal DisplayModule under 5G Mobile Phone
Authors: WANG Yaodong , ZHENG Yangli , ZHANG Xiaoping , ZHANG Luo , REN Jian , WU Hao , XUE Hailin
Published: October 2022

Ultra‐thin narrow bezel of 5G mobile phone is very attractive, but obviously when the thickness of LGP is constant, the optical homogeneity is better when the distance from LED to visual area is bigger, so establish an optical analysis model to analyze the optical homogeneity in light emitting side in vertical direction by the relations between the distance from LED to visual area and the thickness of LGP. When the thickness of LGP is above 0.34 millimeter and the distance from LED to visual area of BLU is above 1.75 millimeters, the optical homogeneity can meet mass production by normal design. if the thickness of LGP compress from 0.34 millimeters to 0.26 millimeters and distance from LED to visual area of backlight units compress from 1.75 millimeters to 1.57 millimeters, the optical homogeneity in light‐emitting side can be above 75% by the angle of LGP wedge surface is below 5 degree and the length of LGP wedge surface is between 0.35 and 0.55 millimeters, so the border of backlight units can be compressed to 2.8 millimeters based on the LED under the FPC and the thickness of liquid crystal display module can reach 0.95 millimeters. The optical effect and structural reliability of liquid crystal display module is both OK under the value of G is above 0.55 millimeters by using linear silver paste or the value of G is between 0.4 millimeters and 0.55 millimeters by using L shape silver paste based on DOE experiment.
P‐7.18: A 75″ 8K Professional Monitor Based on FPGA System
Authors: Duan Ran , Leng Changlin , Wang Xian , Geng Lihua , Ma XiTong , Wu Congrui , Zhang Xiao
Published: October 2022

The 75 inch 8K professional monitor developed by BOE adopts FPGA + SOC as the main processing core, which can connect 4 channels of 12G‐SDI signals and directly receive the input from 8K camera. The image IPs embedded makes the image display accurate and the color restoration effect excellent. In this paper, the system technology contained in the display and the processing process of data flow are described in detail.
P‐8.11: A Halo Optimization Idea Applied to Automotive Local Diming Display
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Deng Jiajia , Yang Delin
Published: October 2022

As the advantages of Local Diming display technology are gradually recognized by mainstream car company customers, for it has High contrast and low power consumption features, but the halo problem that arises at this stage is also plaguing developers and end customers.

This article will discuss with readers the solution to the halo from three aspects: halo evaluation and test standards, design optimization schemes and image processing methods.
P‐9.3: High‐Performance Red Perovskite QLEDs Based on Low‐Toxicity Zn‐Pb Alloy Perovskite QDs Passivated by Inorganic Ligands
Authors: Yang Xikang , Wu Anlang , Zhao Zhenfu , Hu Ziyang
Published: October 2022

The development of low‐cost, solution‐processable, low‐toxicity and air‐stable perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) holds promise for next‐generation display technologies. However, especially air‐stable α‐CsPbI3 PeQDs and corresponding light‐emitting devices still face great challenges due to their inherent ionic structural properties and phase instability. Here, a dual strategy based on Zn2+ doping and inorganic ligand SCN‐surface passivation was developed to obtain improved, stable and near‐100% photoluminescence quantum yields (PL QYs) of a‐CsPbI3 QDs. High‐efficiency red perovskite QLEDs are also fabricated, and the best device has a maximum brightness of 4800 cd/m2 and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.98%. More importantly, compared with pure CsPbI3 QLEDs, the operating stability of perovskite QLEDs based on Zn2+ doping and SCN‐surface passivation is greatly improved in air environment, and their operating lifetimes are increased by 9 times more.
P‐10.3: Design of Driving Waveform Based on a Damping Oscillation for Optimizing Red Saturation in Three‐Color Electrophoretic Displays
Authors: Feng Haoqiang , Yi Zichuan , Jin Mingliang , Zhou Guofu , Shui Lingling
Published: October 2022

The three‐color electrophoretic displays (EPDs) technology has filled the gap in the color demand in the electrophoretic displays. However, there are problems of dim brightness and insufficient color saturation. In this paper, a driving waveform based on a damping oscillation is proposed to optimize the red saturation in three‐color EPDs. The optimized driving waveform is composed of an erasing stage, a particles activation stage, a red electrophoretic particles purification stage, and a red display stage. Correspondingly, the driving duration is set to 360 ms, 880 ms, 400 ms, and 2400 ms, respectively. And the red electrophoretic particles purification stage is a damping oscillation driving waveform. The red and black electrophoretic particles are separated by changing the magnitude and polarity of the applied electric field so that the red electrophoretic particles are purified. The experimental result shows that the maximum red saturation could reach 0.583, which is increased by 27.57% compared with the traditional driving waveform.
P‐12.3: A Viewing Angle Switchable Liquid Crystal Display Panel with Area Control
Authors: Li Fen , Zhang Shaonan , Wang Xingang , Xu Yaqin , Chung Smart
Published: October 2022

We propose a switchable LCD panel with “sandwich” mode, which can realize the view partition control.LCD including normal FFS mode and dimmers CP‐1 and CP‐2 for light reception. The dimmer is provided with a positive liquid crystal layer, a planar viewing angle control electrode and a comb pixel electrode. The dimmer is used to narrow the outgoing light from the required area of the backlight module. This architecture can realize the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of 45 ° anti peeping effect and regional anti peeping display. Therefore, switching the information disclosure and regional information privacy mode will become a new partition free switching anti peeping technology.
P‐13.5: Influence of doping ratio of blue guest material on the lifetime of OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display
Authors: Fei Guo Xiong , Xiao Alex , Liu Yang , Biao Liu Jin
Published: October 2022

As a new generation of display technology, OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)) has superior performance than LCD (liquid crystal display) .However, the lifetime of OLED devices, especially the blue OLED device, is short. In this paper, the influence of doping ratio of guest material and the homogeneity of blue light‐emitting layer (EML) on the device lifetime is studied. The data of seven experiments shows that the blue lifetime(T95) of the device reaches the peak at 516hr when the doping ratio of guest material in EML is 3%, and the calculated homogeneity is 2.6%. When the doping ratio reduces from 3% to 2%, blue lifetime(T95) is reduced by 10%, and when the doping ratio increases from 3% to 5%, blue lifetime(T95) is reduced by 32%. And when calculated homogeneity reduces from 26.6% to 2.6%, device lifetime(T95) increases by 28%
P‐15.1: Large Area and Low Cost Fingerprint on Display Technology
Authors: Zhang Guiyang , Shuai Chuan , Ye Xinlin , Niu Xiaoyan , Gong Fan , Yang Huanli , He Rui , Zha Guowei , Liu Guanghui
Published: October 2022

We developed a large area and low cost optical fingerprint recognition product based on LTPS (low temperature poly silicon) process. A high efficient a‐Si pin sensor is introduced, the quantum efficiency under white light is 70% and the dark state current density is E‐10 A / mm2. The “one‐to‐one” and “one to multiple” structures of sensor and micro lens are compared, and the “one‐to‐one” optical path structure is systematically analyzed and evaluated. The optical path focal length is about 100 μm. The fingerprint recognition effect is significantly improved by adding a BM shading layer, and this scheme can effectively avoid the screen burning problem caused by the high luminous intensity of pixels in the fingerprint unlocking area.
P‐15.3: An EIT Based Large Area Touch Interface
Authors: Li Chunyi , Li Xuejiao , Lv Ruihan , Gao Shuo
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, electronic devices are taking over the market and touch panel is a necessary part, among which capacitive touch panel has greater development potential and development space because of its high transparency, multitouch support and low cost. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a technology with the goal of reconstructing tissue image with impedance distribution, which can realize the goal of accurate measurement and maintaining the original characteristics of the medium to the greatest extent at the same time. In this paper, we use EIT‐based approach to achieve a large area touch perception imaging system with high light transmittance, which is to obtain the distribution of the permittivity of the touch penal by just detecting the impedance of the electrode scattered around the panel. We use Sensitivity theory to solve the mapping problem between the permittivity distribution and the signal collected by the electrode in the EIT problem. Besides, we innovatively combine LBP with Landweber algorithm to achieve high precision and fast imaging of touch area, which greatly reduces the discomfort caused by inverse problem in EIT method.
Defect Engineering in A2BO4 Thin Films via Surface‐Reconstructed LaSrAlO4 Substrates
Authors: Kim Jinkwon , Kim Youngdo , Mun Junsik , Choi Woojin , Chang Yunyeong , Kim Jeong Rae , Gil Byeongjun , Lee Jong Hwa , Hahn Sungsoo , Kim Hongjoon , Chang Seo Hyoung , Lee Gun‐Do , Kim Miyoung , Kim Changyoung , Noh Tae Won
Published: October 2022

Ruddlesden–Popper oxides (A2BO4) have attracted significant attention regarding their potential application in novel electronic and energy devices. However, practical uses of A2BO4 thin films have been limited by extended defects such as out‐of‐phase boundaries (OPBs). OPBs disrupt the layered structure of A2BO4, which restricts functionality. OPBs are ubiquitous in A2BO4 thin films but inhomogeneous interfaces make them difficult to suppress. Here, OPBs in A2BO4 thin films are suppressed using a novel method to control the substrate surface termination. To demonstrate the technique, epitaxial thin films of cuprate superconductor La2‐xSrxCuO4 (x = 0.15) are grown on surface‐reconstructed LaSrAlO4 substrates, which are terminated with self‐limited perovskite double layers. To date, La2‐xSrxCuO4 thin films are grown on LaSrAlO4 substrates with mixed‐termination and exhibit multiple interfacial structures resulting in many OPBs. In contrast, La2‐xSrxCuO4 thin films grown on surface‐reconstructed LaSrAlO4 substrates energetically favor only one interfacial structure, thus inhibiting OPB formation. OPB‐suppressed La2‐xSrxCuO4 thin films exhibit significantly enhanced superconducting properties compared with OPB‐containing La2‐xSrxCuO4 thin films. Defect engineering in A2BO4 thin films will allow for the elimination of various types of defects in other complex oxides and facilitate next‐generation quantum device applications.
A comprehensive survey on online social networks security and privacy issues: Threats, machine learning‐based solutions, and open challenges
Authors: Bhattacharya Munmun , Roy Sandip , Chattopadhyay Samiran , Das Ashok Kumar , Shetty Sachin
Published: October 2022

Over the past few years, online social networks (OSNs) have become an inseparable part of people's daily lives. Instead of being passive readers, people are now enjoying their role as content contributors. OSN has permitted its users to share their information including the multimedia content. OSN users can express themselves in virtual communities by providing their opinions and interacting with others. As a consequence, the privacy and security threats in OSNs have emerged as a major concern to the research and business world. In the recent past, a number of survey works have been conducted to discuss different security and privacy threats in OSNs. However, till date, no survey work has been conducted that aims to classify and analyze various machine learning (ML)‐based solutions adapted for the security defense of OSNs. In this survey article, we present a detailed taxonomy with a classification of various works done on various security attacks in OSNs. We then review and summarize the existing state of art survey works on OSN security, and indicate the merits and limitations of these survey works. Next, we review all recent works that aim to provide ML‐based solutions toward defense of security attacks on OSNs. Finally, we discuss the future road‐map on OSN security and provide a comprehensive analysis on the open research issues with feasible measurements and possible solutions.
An efficient procedure for online/offline ID‐based signature using extended chaotic maps and group ring
Authors: Mittal Gaurav , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Sandeep
Published: October 2022

In this article, we utilize the notions of extended chaotic maps and group ring to propose an efficient procedure for online/offline identity based (ID‐based) signature. The main purpose of engaging chaotic maps in our procedure is to reduce its computational complexity while maintaining the desired security and the purpose of including algebraic structure of group ring is to shorten the signature. We show that under chosen message attack, our signature procedure is secure under unforgeability of ID‐based short signature. Most of the available online/offline signature procedures allow one time use of the offline preadministered information (offline stockpiling), but the proposed procedure grants multitime usage of the offline stockpiling. Therefore, the offline preadministered information can be reused by the signer in polynomial time. We show that our signature procedure is efficient, fast and provides signature of the small size. Finally, we compare our procedure with the several existing schemes in the literature and discuss its advantages.
Simulated Coarse Grain Heat‐Affected Zone Transformation Behavior of Newly Developed Zr–Ti–RE Deoxidized High‐Strength Low‐Alloy Steels with Extremely High Impact Toughness
Authors: Yin Chaochao , Cheng Lin , Cheng Shi , Wang Zhihui , Hu Shu-E. , Liu Zicheng , Luo Deng , Xiao Daheng , Jin Xing , Liu Hankun , Wu Kaiming
Published: October 2022

The continuous cooling transformation behavior of the Zr–Ti–RE deoxidized high‐strength low‐alloy steel in the simulated coarse grain heat‐affected zone at different cooling rates (corresponding to different t8/5) is investigated by a Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator in combination with microstructure and mechanical properties analysis. The continuous cooling transformation curve in the simulated heat‐affected zone is plotted, and the transformation law of M/A constituents is systematically investigated. It is found that with the increase of the cooling rate, the dominated microstructure is transformed from pearlite + ferrite into granular bainite and, finally, into lath bainite with the further refinement of M/A constituents. The steel exhibits excellent V‐notch Charpy impact properties at −20 °C under typical heat inputs (20, 100, 500 kJ cm−1). Moreover, acicular ferrite formed on spherical Zr–Ti–RE composite inclusions are observed at the heat input of 100 kJ cm−1. The low‐temperature impact absorbed energy gradually decreases with the increasing heat input due to the coarsening of the microstructure, larger effective grain size, and the reduction in the number of high‐angle variant pairs.