bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Truenat Mycobacterium tuberculosis with line probe assay for the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance and mutation pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Kumar Pratik , Toppo Amardeepak , Lal Roshan , Pradhan Sagarika , Bhardwaj Puneet
Published: October 2024

Background:

There is an increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB)/preextensively drug-resistant TB (XDR TB) and XDR TB globally. Therefore, rapid diagnostic tests with good sensitivity and specificity are need of hour. Truenat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is one such test which gives results in 1–2 h and can withstand a variety of environmental conditions.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare Truenat MTB with line probe assay (LPA) for the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance and to study the mutation pattern of MTB.

Materials and Methods:

A comparative record-based study was carried out among 325 patients with multidrug-resistant TB. Sputum samples for pulmonary TB and appropriate site samples for extrapulmonary TB were obtained and tested with Truenat-MTB and LPA. A comparison between results obtained by Truenat-MTB and LPA was done. Based on first-line-LPA and second-line-LPA, gene mutation pattern was studied.

Results:

Males (69.2%) were more than females (30.8%). 30–49 (34.5%) years of age were most commonly affected. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of Truenat MTB compared to LPA were 82.86%, 93.45%, 60.41%, and 97.83%, respectively. The most common gene mutation observed was katG MUT1 in 59 cases. This was followed by rpoB MUT1 in three cases, rpoB MUT2A in two cases, rpoB MUT2B in four cases, and rpoB MUT3 in 12 cases. gyrA mutation was seen in nine cases among which gyrA MUT3A was seen in one case, gyrA MUT3B in one case, and gyrA MUT3C was seen in four cases. Two cases of rrs MUT1 were seen. Five cases of inhA MUT1 were seen.

Conclusion:

Truenat has been found to be economical, less time-consuming, giving fast results, and accurate in the diagnosis of DR-TB. The most common gene mutation observed was katG MUT1 in 59 cases.
Effectiveness of strengthening and stretching exercise along with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques to reduce pain and improve shoulder range of motion in adhesive capsulitis: A literature review
Authors: Evans Evin C. , Priya S.
Published: October 2024

Adhesive capsulitis (AC) can be defined as a common condition characterized by insidious and gradual inflammation of the glenohumeral joint capsule leading to its contracture and thus resulting in stiffness and loss of shoulder mobility. The disease causes slowly increasing pain and gradually decreasing range of motion (ROM), creating difficulty performing daily activities. Treatments advocated for AC include rehabilitation as the initial conservative measure, anti-inflammatory drugs, intra-articular corticosteroids, capsular distension injections, and surgical interventions The purpose is to review literatures on the effectiveness of strengthening and stretching exercise along with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques to reduce pain and improve shoulder ROM in AC.
Investigating the influence of Bowen technique with retro-walking on hamstring flexibility and dynamic balance in young college-going students
Authors: Pandya Jaydev , Khimani Shyam , Tank Krupa
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Hamstring tightness is a common issue affecting individuals, leading to discomfort, pain, and increased risk of injury. The Bowen technique, a gentle myofascial release technique, and retro-walking have been suggested as potential interventions to improve hamstring flexibility and dynamic balance. This study aimed to assess the impact of combining the Bowen technique with retro-walking on hamstring flexibility and dynamic balance in college students.

METHODOLOGY:

A pre–post-experimental study was conducted among 50 college students aged 17–25 years. Participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental group (n = 25) receiving Bowen technique and retro-walking intervention or the control group (n = 25). Hamstring flexibility was assessed using the active knee extension test, and dynamic balance was evaluated using the Y-Balance test. The data were analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests.

RESULTS:

Intragroup analysis revealed significant improvements in hamstring flexibility and dynamic balance posttreatment in the experimental group (P < 0.05), with no significant changes observed in the control group (P > 0.05). Intergroup analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvements in hamstring flexibility (P < 0.05) and dynamic balance (P < 0.05) between the experimental and control groups postintervention.

DISCUSSION:

The results indicate that the combination of the Bowen technique and retro-walking effectively improves hamstring flexibility and dynamic balance in college students. The Bowen technique likely enhances muscle extensibility and tissue repair, while retro-walking optimizes muscle length utilization and proprioception. These findings underscore the potential utility of these interventions in clinical practice for managing hamstring tightness and improving overall musculoskeletal health.

CONCLUSION:

The integration of the Bowen technique with retro-walking holds promise as a noninvasive and effective approach to enhance hamstring flexibility and dynamic balance in college students.
Positive preoperative cultures but not bacterial species predict postoperative urine culture results after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate
Authors: Doersch Karen M. , Campbell Timothy D. , Li Ashley , Jain Rajat K. , Quarrier Scott O.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with positive urine cultures following holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP).

Materials and Methods:

The data from a prospectively maintained database were analyzed to evaluate urine culture results following HoLEP and determine the contribution of predefined variables (age, prostate size, Charlson comorbidity score, surgical time [surrogate for case difficulty], the presence of a catheter preoperatively, postoperative urinary retention, and preoperative positive culture) on urine culture positivity at 60 days postoperatively. Statistical analyses included logistic regression and ANOVA.

Results:

The data from 136 subjects were included in the database and were evaluated at a median of 13.37 ± 6.72 months after their HoLEP. Postoperative positive cultures were noted in 23 subjects (16.91%). Preoperative positive cultures were found to predict positive postoperative urine cultures (odds ratio: 3.78, confidence interval: 1.18–12.78, P = 0.03). However, the preoperative and postoperative results were discordant in 9 of 14 subjects with both positive preoperative and postoperative cultures.

Conclusions:

Positive preoperative cultures were predictive of positive postoperative cultures. However, the pre- and postoperative results were often discordant. Host factors increasing susceptibility to bacteriuria may explain these findings.
Rationale of restaging transurethral resection of bladder tumor in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer in the current era
Authors: Sharma Amit , Raghavendra R. T. , Biswal Deepak , Yadav Pradhuman , Goel Saryu , Sharma Satyadeo
Published: October 2024

Background:

We present retrospective data of patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent restaging transurethral resection of bladder tumor (Re-TURBT) at a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:

Records of all NMIBC patients undergoing Re-TURBT between March 2021 and September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were risk stratified based on TURBT pathology. Re-TURBT was performed between 4 and 6 weeks. Adverse features such as number, size, and appearance were noted. Patients with persistent disease at Re-TURBT were counseled for early cystectomy with urinary diversion or intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG). In case of disease upstaging, patients were counseled for radical cystectomy.

Results:

Thirty-eight NMIBC patients (30 males and 8 females) underwent Re-TURBT. Six patients had residual/persistent disease at 6 weeks, all high risk and high grade (HG, P value not significant, P = 0.31). There was no association with number and appearance of tumors with residual/persistence at 6 weeks. The mean lesion size on imaging in cases with and without residual disease was 3.32 ± 0.86 versus 3.39 ± 0.92 cm, respectively, P value not significant (0.868). There was no residual disease in the low-grade (LG) pT1 group, but HG pTa and pT1 (n = 3) had residual disease. Four HG pT1 patients opted for early cystectomy. Two patients each had pT0 and two pT2. At 3 months of follow-up, urethral strictures were seen both in high risk and intermediate risk. Among four patients who had stricture, meatal stenosis was common (50%, n = 2). Two patients had long-segment stricture requiring perineal urethrostomy with stage I Johannsen repair. All HG pT1 lesion patients eventually underwent cystectomy (3 were under staged and two treated completely with TURBT, one with TURBT + BCG and one patient progressed to metastasis).

Conclusion:

Re-TURBT is essential for the management of HG pTa and HG pT1 lesions for accurate staging and treatment of residual disease. However, LG pT1 patients can safely be excluded from Re-TURBT.
In vitro selection of human cerebrospinal fluid-specific aptamers using clinical samples
Authors: Abiri A , Chen X , Latifi B , Hsu F P K , Lupták A , Khine M , Kuan E C
Published: October 2024

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks may occur due to numerous etiologies and are associated with severe morbidity. Currently in the U.S., confirming the presence of a CSF leak requires protein electrophoresis testing, oftentimes involving specialized processing, and there exists no point-of-care (POC) device for CSF detection. We aimed to discover a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) aptamer capable of selectively binding to CSF-specific biomarkers, with the future goal of developing an aptamer-based POC CSF detection device. Methods: To identify a candidate aptamer, we performed Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) using a DNA library containing a randomized 63-nucleotide (nt) stretch flanked by 2 primer-binding sites. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fluorescence anisotropy (FA) assessed aptamer binding affinity and kinetics. Results: Following 14 SELEX cycles, 2 dominant and functionally viable 98-nt ssDNA sequences (C2 and C3) were found. C2 and C3 demonstrated ~586x and ~82x higher affinity for CSF compared to serum, respectively. Increases in FA upon aptamer exposure to higher CSF concentrations demonstrated a K1⁄2 of 5.0% and 14.1% for C2 and C3, respectively. Conclusions: In vitro selection of a diverse pool of ssDNA sequences yielded 2 aptamers with high selectivity for CSF-specific biomarkers, with potential for integration into a rapid POC electrochemical diagnostic system.
Finite abelian subgroups in the groups of birational and bimeromorphic selfmaps
Authors: Golota Alexey Sergeevich
Published: October 2024

Let $X$ be a complex projective variety. Suppose that the group of birational automorphisms of $X$ contains finite subgroups isomorphic to $(\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z})^r$ for $r$ fixed and $N$ arbitrarily large. We show that $r$ does not exceed $2\dim(X)$. Moreover, the equality holds if and only if $X$ is birational to an abelian variety. We also show that an analogous result holds for groups of bimeromorphic automorphisms of compact Kähler spaces under some additional assumptions.
Think Aloud Videos and Assessment in an Introductory Economics Class for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Watson Derrill , Gentry James
Published: October 2024

This paper demonstrates the value of an innovative test preparation strategy, applied over multiple semesters to one principles of macroeconomics class. The professor makes a video of himself taking a copy of the test students are preparing for, talking aloud about how to think about the question and work through the solution. A natural experiment occurred one semester when the professor was unable to provide the think-aloud preparation video, but other, standard preparation materials were in place. It is demonstrated that students increase their scores on other questions in the same modules by an average of 7.6 percentage points with think-aloud videos. Think aloud interventions are shown to be an effective tool to enhance student content learning.
Eine sichere Schule für Jüdinnen und Juden: Ein Leitfaden für die antisemitismuskritische Schulentwicklung in 35 Fragen und Antworten
Authors: Grimm Marc , Beer Florian
Published: October 2024

Der Handlungsleitfaden „Eine sichere Schule für Jüdinnen und Juden“ behandelt in Form von 35 Fragen und Antworten zentrale Aspekte der Prävention, Intervention und Repression von Antisemitismus im schulischen Kontext. Der Leitfaden richtet sich an Pädagoginnen, Schulleitungen und weitere Akteure im Bildungsbereich. Er thematisiert neben der unterrichtlichen Bildung auch außerunterrichtliche Angebote, Elternarbeit, Schulkultur und emotionale Bildung. Besonderer Wert wird auf den Schutz und das Empowerment jüdischer Schülerinnen sowie auf die Sensibilisierung aller Beteiligten für die verschiedenen Erscheinungsformen des Antisemitismus gelegt. Der Leitfaden ist praxisorientiert und bietet konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen, um Schulen zu Orten der Sicherheit und Wertschätzung für Jüdinnen und Juden zu machen.
Selection of railway track superstructure design: Modern outlooks
Authors: Novakovich V. I.
Published: October 2024

The paper analyses the reasons for the current opinion that a higher mass of superstructure elements is necessary for railway track sections with higher traffi c density, speed and axial loads. With the help of known theories and the new one developed by the author that takes into account the time factor, it is proved that in terms of all the most signifi cant technical indicators the best solution within the realistic limits is to use lower-mass rails and reinforced concrete sleepers. The most essential argument in favour of the smaller mass of rails per unit length is the increased track stability produced by longitudinal compressive forces in rails. A reinforced concrete sleeper of a smaller mass has been proposed and tested that increases the resistance to shear in ballast across the track axis at least two times. For stable pressing of rails to sleepers by intermediate fasteners, elastic clips should be made of plate steel instead of bar steel. It is proposed to make a plate clip shaped as a ‘fish-bellied beam’. Specific examples of the proposed solutions for rails, reinforced concrete sleepers, and intermediate fastenings are given.
Potential for the Development of International Transport Corridors in Current Market Conditions
Authors: Bychkaylo I. A.
Published: October 2024

This research is devoted to the prospects for the development of international transport corridors (ITC) through the prism of the dynamics of market forces in the transport industry and world trade. International logistics is currently undergoing a global transformation, and therefore the effective use by Russia of its transport potential is still the most urgent and practical task. In this regard, this research is focused on internal and external factors that influence the realization of this potential. The research presents the factors that contributed in retrospect for more than 10 years to the dynamic development of freight transportation through the ITC “East – West”. Additionally, the impact of exogenous factors such as epidemiological restrictions on a global scale and economic sanctions against Russia on the logistics of container transportation in recent years is considered in more detail. On the basis of a retrospective analysis of the development of cargo transportation through the ITC “East – West” generalized conditions are formulated that allow to assess the potential for the development of transport cargo fl ows on other key ITC. An analysis of the current dynamics and problems of the development of transportation along the corridors East – West, Northern Sea Route and North-South is carried out. Further prospects for their increase from the point of view of transport marketing is provided. Among the conclusions, the importance of developing and expanding the infrastructure of the ITC “East – West”, as well as proposals for the intensifi cation of cargo transportation through other ITC, is highlighted.
Netanyahu's Bloody Endgame Seeks a Future Israel with a Minimum Palestinian Presence
Authors: Falk Richard A.
Published: October 2024

In the face of mounting global criticism, Israel is stepping up its military offensive in Lebanon, continuing its genocidal violence against the Palestinians and even intensifying its attacks on the Houthis in Yemen. Israel in the year since the Hamas-led attacks on October 7 has insisted that it is motivated only by anti-terrorist and self-defense goals in its original pledge to exterminate Hamas, and more recently expanded by the commitment to destroy Hezbollah as a credible adversary and possibly occupy a buffer zone in southern Lebanon, and in the process weaken its most feared adversary, Iran.
Dirt Score in Large White Yorkshire Piglets during Preweaning Period Reared on Cement Concrete Floor
Authors:   *Ph. D. Scholar, Department of Livestock Production Management, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, G. P. Shende , R. M. V. Prasad ,   Professor & Head, Department of Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad., Chandra Sarat ,   Associate Dean, College of Dairy Technology, Kamareddy, Kamareddy District., Prakash Gnana ,   Professor & University Head, Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, P.V. Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad., D. Nagalakshmi ,   Associate Dean, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy District., Reddy M. Srinivas ,   Professor & University Head, Department of Veterinary & A.H. Extension Education, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
Published: October 2024

An experiment was carried out on 24 Large White Yorkshire piglets of either sex at the pig unit of LFC of C.V.Sc., Rajendranagar, Hyderabad from birth to weaning. All experimental piglets were reared on normal conventional concrete flooring along with their mother till weaning (56 days). An evaluation of cleanliness (dirt scoring) was performed fortnightly during the experimental period. Pig cleanliness was assessed using a fivepoint scale on 4 anatomical areas: rear, back, and both flanks, and each area was given a score from 0 to 4. The observed fortnightly dirt score was 0.56 ± 0.03, 0.60 ± 0.02, 0.70 ± 0.02, and 0.97 ± 0.11 at first, second, third, and fourth fortnight respectively. There was a continuous increase in dirt score as the age advances. Statistical analysis revealed the mean dirt score at the fourth fortnight was significantly (P<0.01) different from the first, second, third, and overall mean dirt score.
Differential average daily gain of pregnant Holstein × Gyr heifers: effects on future milk production and performance of their calves
Authors:   , Oliveira Neto Antônio Paulo de
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the effects of different average daily gains (ADG) during pregnancy on the growth, nutrient digestibility, milk production, composition, and metabolism of dairy heifers, as well as the performance of their offspring. Twenty Holstein × Gir heifers, averaging 420 ± 15.0 kg in body weight and 18 ± 3.9 months in age, were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: a moderate ADG of 0.37 kg (MOD, n = 10) and a high ADG of 0.72 kg (HIG, n = 10). These heifers subsequently produced sixteen 3/4 Holstein × 1/4 Gyr calves. The heifers were fed a total mixed ration twice daily from the 70th day of pregnancy until calving. Calves were provided with colostrum constituting 15% of body weight with a minimum Brix of 25%, 6 L of transition milk for the first two days, followed by the same volume of raw milk daily until weaning. From day three onwards, calves had ad libitum access to a starter (DM 87.8%, CP 19.6%, starch 44.8%) and were introduced to hay (Cynodon dactylon) at 40 days. Data collection occurred over five periods (feed, feces, urine, and blood), each lasting five days starting from 100 days of gestation and occurring at 30-day intervals. Calves were monitored from birth to weaning with morphometric measurements, body weight, and blood collections on days 1, 31, 61, and 91, alongside daily collections of concentrate and hay and their leftovers. Results indicated that the MOD and HIG heifers had increasing intakes of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, starch, and neutral detergent fiber throughout pregnancy. Nutrient digestibility did not differ between the MOD and HIG groups. However, there was a significant interaction for nitrogen of microbial origin (N-mic), which was higher in MOD heifers during the 4th and 5th months of pregnancy. Milk production over 305 days and milk corrected for 4% fat showed no differences between the ADG groups. The MOD heifers produced milk with a higher fat percentage, although protein percentages were similar between groups. Total solids were higher in the MOD group. Hormone and metabolite levels showed no interactions between treatments and lactation time, except for triiodothyronine, which was higher in the HIG group during the 4th and 9th months. No differences were observed in the ADG of calves from both groups at any evaluated times (31, 61, and 91 days). Calves from the MOD group exhibited compensatory growth, performing well from birth to weaning despite the lower nutritional intake of their mothers during gestation. In conclusion, a moderate ADG during pregnancy in 5/8 Holstein × Gyr heifers did not affect nutrient digestibility or milk production but resulted in higher milk fat content. Key words: fetal programming, Holstein × Gyr, milk production, nutrition, performance.
Potencial de combinação entre linhagens de tomate Santa Cruz (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors:   , Silva Wanderson Mateus Bispo da
Published: October 2024

O tomate é uma hortaliça de grande relevância econômica global. Sua adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas permite o cultivo em diversas regiões. O tomate é usado tanto para consumo in natura quanto como matéria-prima na indústria. O Brasil se destaca como um dos maiores produtores mundiais da hortaliça. Nesse contexto, o melhoramento genético da cultura surgiu como uma alternativa para aumentar a produtividade, resistência a doenças e adaptabilidade, utilizando técnicas e aplicação genética para desenvolver novas cultivares de alta qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar híbridos em F1 de tomate Santa Cruz com base em características previamente escolhidas. Essa seleção foi realizada por meio de análise dialélica, considerando as capacidades de combinação entre os progenitores, divididas em capacidade geral e específica de combinação. O trabalho foi conduzido na Unidade de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (UEPE – Horta Velha) em Viçosa-MG. Foram selecionadas 09 linhagens de tomate Santa Cruz, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos e submetidas ao dialelo 4 x 5. Durante o estágio de florescimento das plantas foram realizados cruzamentos controlados. As flores hermafroditas foram emasculadas para evitar autofecundação. O pólen de flores masculinas foi depositado nas flores emasculadas, resultando em frutos. Após a colheita dos frutos, as sementes foram obtidas por meio de maceração deles. Foram obtidos 20 híbridos originados das combinações. Posteriormente, esses híbridos foram transplantados em campo para avaliação. Os caracteres avaliados foram divididos em três grupos: arquitetura de planta, qualidade do fruto e características agronômicas. Foram processadas análise de variância, análise dialelica, testes de médias Skott-Knott, Tukey, seleção dos melhores híbridos através do Índice Livre de Peso e Parâmetros, e análise das correlações genotípicas e fenotípicas. Houve efeitos estatisticamente significativos dos cruzamentos para quase todas as variáveis avaliadas. Com base nas capacidades geral e específica de combinação foram selecionadas as melhores combinações para cada caractere e, por meio delas, foram determinados os híbridos com melhor desempenho. Os caracteres de maior interesse foram produtividade estimada, número de frutos por planta, peso médio do fruto, Ph, Sólidos Solúveis Totais e Firmeza. Baseado na seleção unicaractere e por índice os melhores híbridos foram: H9, L5, H11, H19, H7 e H12,Os híbridos selecionados demonstram relevância biológica significativa. Isso se refletiu tanto na contribuição genotípica quanto na expressão de características fenotípicas relevantes para a produção comercial de tomate. Além disso, as linhagens genitoras, mesmo após passarem por seleções anteriores, ainda exibiram ampla variação genética. Palavras-chave: Tomate; Melhoramento genético; Capacidade de combinação; Dialelo; Híbridos; Produtividade.
Melhoramento do tomateiro cereja: avaliação e caracterização, relação entre caracteres, análise dialélica e seleção de híbridos com base no desempenho agronômico
Authors:   , Oliveira Francisca Adaíla da Silva
Published: October 2024

A análise dialélica, que estuda cruzamentos entre genótipos, permite estimar a capacidade combinatória, os efeitos dos genitores, a heterose e o controle genético de características. Este teve por objetivo avaliar e caracterizar 39 genótipos de tomate cereja, focando em características agronômicas e de qualidade dos frutos, identificar caracteres secundários para produtividade e selecionar genótipos superiores através da seleção simultânea de caracteres. Foram avaliadas quanto: altura da planta no fim do ciclo, número de folhas até o 1º cacho (NF1C), número de folhas para o 2º e 3º cacho (NF2C e NF3C), diâmetro do entrenó (DEN), comprimento do entrenó (CEN), tipo de crescimento da planta, número de frutos por planta (NFP), número total de frutos (NTF), peso total dos frutos (PTF), peso por fruto (PPF), produtividade estimada (PE), número de lóculos do fruto (NL), diâmetro polar (DPO), diâmetro equatorial (DEQ), relação entre os diâmetros polar e equatorial (DPO/DEQ), coloração da epiderme, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT), pH, firmeza dos frutos (FF) e presença de ombro verde no fruto. Para as análises de dados foram realizados: análise de variância (ANAVA), teste de agrupamento de médias pelo método de Dunnett; Analise de correlação de Pearson; A análise de trilha de Wright (1921); indicie de seleção de ranks de Mulamba e Mock (1978). Todas as analises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando o programa Genes (CRUZ, 2016) e as imagens geradas via Python. A caracterização desses genótipos permite que estes sejam utilizados como genitores em futuras estratégias empregadas em programas de melhoramento da espécie e há ampla variabilidade genética nos genótipos em relação às características morfoagronômicas. Diante da avaliação e caracterização, foi possível identificar sete genótipos superiores, sendo estes em ordem crescente da soma de ranks os genótipos HIB_05, HIB_01, HIB_04, HIB_06, HIB_23, HIB_11 e HIB_15. Palavras-chave: Híbridos. Descritores morfoagronômicos. Seleção simultânea.
Capacidade combinatória visando piramidação de genes que conferem resistência à doenças, atributos de qualidade e produção
Authors:   , Mendes Tâmara Kely da Conceição
Published: October 2024

O tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) é um dos principais produtos agrícolas brasileiro e a segunda hortaliça mais consumida mundialmente, chegando a 180 milhões de toneladas ao ano. No entanto, a cultura apresenta grandes perdas na produção, sendo um dos motivos a vulnerabilidade aos patógenos. Visando atenuar esse problema, os programas de melhoramento têm buscado o desenvolvimento de novas linhas com genes que conferem resistência a planta. Esta pesquisa objetivou explorar a capacidade geral de combinatória (CGC) de linhagens de tomate italiano com genes de resistência aos principais patógenos que afetam a cultura do tomateiro, e avaliar as combinações hibridas através da capacidade especifica de combinação (CEC). O experimento foi conduzido na Unidade de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (UEPE – Horta Velha) em Viçosa-MG. Os genótipos utilizados nesta pesquisa foram submetidos a genotipagem através de marcadores moleculares para conferir a presença de genes de resistência. Assim, foram escolhidas 09 linhagens para formar um dialelo parcial 4x5, sendo definidos os genitores masculino e feminino mediante sorteio para a realização dos cruzamentos e obtenção das sementes híbridas. Posteriormente, foi montado um delineamento em blocos casualizados para avaliação dos caracteres agronômicos das linhagens, híbridos e da testemunha. A qualidade dos frutos foi verificada no Laboratório de Manejo de Recursos Genéticos da UFV, considerando as variáveis pH, Brixº, tamanho de fruto, coloração, número de lóculos, acidez titulável, firmeza e viscosidade. Como análise estatística, foram adotadas as análises de variância, dialélica e o teste de Dunnett para comparação de médias, além da verificação das correlações genotípicas e fenotípicas entre as variáveis. A ANOVA revelou diferenças significativas a 1% e 5% pelo teste F para os tratamentos, com exceção das variáveis pH, luminosidade e eixo verde/vermelho do fruto. A exploração da CGC mostrou que os genitores possuem estimativas altas, positivas e significativas para o desenvolvimento de caracteres de interesse, demostrando a predominância do efeito gênico aditivo para as linhas. Os híbridos obtiveram resultados próximo ou superior aos genitores e testemunha, sendo confirmado pelo teste de médias. Conclui- se que para a característica de Brixº, tamanho de fruto, número de frutos por planta e peso médio de fruto, os melhores híbridos são o 1, 2, 3, 5, 14, 15, 17 e 20. Palavras-chave: Tomateiro. Genotipagem. Resistência. Híbridos. Dialelo. Produtividade.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence for English Teachers
Authors:   Assistant Professor, General Engineering Department, Walchand Institute of Technology, Solapur, India, Suryawanshi Somnath Kisansing
Published: October 2024

The birth and development of science and technology is to better serve mankind. The development of artificial intelligence technology is becoming more and more mature, especially in the application of English teaching, which promotes the reform, development and modernization of English teaching. This paper analyzes the connotation of AI technology and the application of artificial intelligence technology in English listening, writing, translation and oral teaching.
Multi Block Transformer for Malayalam Language Modeling
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, SOE, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India, TP Rohit
Published: October 2024

In this research, we present a novel neural network architecture for natural language generation, specifically designed for Malayalam text. We have adapted the Transformer architecture which is commonly used in language modeling and extended it to work in non-Latin languages.
Case Report: Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) as a Bridge Therapy for Tricyclic Antidepressants Toxicity
Authors:   Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care medicine, Al-Qassimi hospital, Emirates Health Services (EHS), Sharjah, UAE, M Eid Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are neuropsychiatric agents ideal for overdose cardiac toxicity, which manifested as refractory hypotension, dysrhythmias, cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. In this situation, veno-arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO), as the last resort, may be life saving. Case Report: We report a 26- year-old female patient with a history TCAs toxicity presented with cardiac arrest. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) achieved after 5 cycles of CPR. TCA was positive in urine then came later positive in serum sample (> 1000 ng/ml). Bedside echocardiography revealed severe cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction 35%) and global hyperkinesia. The decision was extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and veno-arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was instituted. After 24 hours of hemodynamic stabilization on the VA-ECMO, inotropic support started tapering, QRS duration was normalized, the patient tolerated low pump flow 1,5 l/min and even sedation vacation. ECMO was weaned off on the 6th day and the patient was extubated on the 9th day of ICU admission. Discussion: Management of our patient initially involved basic resuscitation with airway protection, good hydration, CPR upon cardiac arrest and post-ROSC support of circulation up to initiation of VA ECMO. Few case reports were published documenting VA ECMO indication in TCA toxicity patients. The most distingusible points are that, all patients were successfully weaned off from the VA ECMO and early ECMO intervention since TCA ingestion was crucial. Conclusion: VA ECMO is a therapeutic option as a bridge for recovery in TCA and induced cardiac toxicity
Prevalence of Respiratory Failure and Associated Factors in Adult Intensive Care Unit of Saint Paul’s and Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma Hospital, Ethiopia 2020
Authors:   Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Faculty of Health science, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Abebe Kindalem Gebeyehu
Published: October 2024

Purpose: to assess the prevalence of respiratory failure and associated factors among patients admitted the adult intensive care unit of Saint Paul’s Millennium Medical College and Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from September 2014 to August 2020. Method: An institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from August 26 to September 25, 2020. Among a total of 2198 population, 384 samples were selected using systematic random sampling. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of respiratory failure using odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and p-value < 0.05 to be considered as significant. Result: The prevalence of respiratory failure in this study was 139(36.2%).The variables which were significantly associated with respiratory failure were, patients age >50 (AOR =4.88(95%CI: 2.1, 11.4), Duration of stay at intensive care unit >15 days (AOR=0.24(95%CI: 0.086, 0.65), prolonged obstructive pulmonary disease (AOR=2.3 (95%CI: 1.98, 4.79),Asthma (AOR=0.23(95%CI: 0.087, 0.6) , sepsis (AOR= 0.43 (95% CI:0.2,0.94) , cardiac disease (AOR= 3.01(95%CI: 1.36, 6.66)), Human Immune Deficiency Virus (AOR=4.3(95%CI: 1.34, 13.92) and trauma (AOR= 2.93(95%CI: 1.36, 6.35). Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory failure was high. Multiple factors influence the development of respiratory failure. Older age, cardiac disease, Human Immune Deficiency Virus and trauma were at risk of developed respiratory failure Therefore, Health care professionals, policy makers and other concerned bodies should give emphasis to the factors that contribute to the development of respiratory failure. They should give priority especially for older, HIV, cardiac, and trauma patients to provide easily accessible and quality care.
Massive Haemo Thorax Following Ultrasound-Guided Central Venous Catheterization in an Anaesthetized Patient: A Case Report
Authors:   Senior Consultant (Anesthesiology), Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre, Muscat, Oman, Ravi Parli Raghavan
Published: October 2024

Central venous catheterization is a commonly performed procedure in operation theatre. After the advent of ultrasound (US) guided central venous catheterization (CVC), the incidence of life-threatening complications has reduced significantly and are rare. We present a case of haemothorax in a young patient after US guided, which was inserted at the end of surgery under anaesthesia. The operator had some technical difficulty while inserting the CVC. The Haemothorax was diagnosed post-operatively in the ward after was missed clinically by radiological investigation. It was treated by inserting a 36 Fr chest drain on the second post-operative day which was removed on the seventh postoperative day and the patient was discharged to home.
Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Blood Pressure Pre Posterior Vitrectomy Patient
Authors:   Department of Nursing Poltekkes Ministry of Health Tata Bumi Street 3 st, Banyuraden, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Tine Donsu Jenita Doli
Published: October 2024

Background: Sleep patterns have the highest influence on the incidence of hypertension compared to other variables, namely age and gender. The delay in elective surgery was mostly due to medical factors and mostly due to acute changes in cardiovascular and respiratory functions, abnormal laboratory values and patients refusing surgery. In patients with eye disease, especially in the retina with a Posterior Vitrectomy surgery plan, patients often encounter comorbidities such as hypertension. Incidents of cancellation of elective eye surgery on the day of surgery at the National Eye Center of Cicendo Eye Hospital are also common, especially for reasons of hypertension. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure of pre-Posterior Vitrectomy patients at the National Eye Center at Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung. Methods: The research method used in this research is analytic observational with cross sectional design. Sampling was carried out at the National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, and Bandung. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 114 people. Statistical test with Chi Square Test using SPSS. Result: The results show a p value of 0.003 where the result is smaller than 0.05. From these results, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the two variables, namely “Sleep Quality” with “Blood Pressure” pre-Posterior Vitrectomy patients at the National Eye Center of Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung. Conclusion: There is a relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure in pre-posterior vitrectomy patients at the National Eye Centre at Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung.
Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas at A Moroccan Referral Hospital
Authors:   Dermatology Venerology Department, Military Hospital Instruction Mohammed V, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco, Kerrouch Hasna , Khalidi Meryem ,   Dermatology Venerology Department, Military Hospital Instruction Mohammed V, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco, Zemmez Youssef ,   Dermatology Venerology Department, Military Hospital Instruction Mohammed V, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco, Frikh Rachid ,   Dermatology Venerology Department, Military Hospital Instruction Mohammed V, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco, Hjira Naoufal ,   Dermatology Venerology Department, Military Hospital Instruction Mohammed V, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
Published: October 2024

Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are the second most frequent form of extra- nodal lymphomas with a broad clinical, histological, phenotypic, genetic, and prognostic spectrum. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical funding, treatment outcomes and follow up in patients with PCL within Moroccan population.
“Topical Corticosteroids: A Review Article on its Adverse Effects and Abuse Leading to Local and Systemic Side Effects-Pharmacist Perspective”
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy Practice, KLE college of Pharmacy, Hubli, Karnataka, India, James Jibin
Published: October 2024

Topical corticosteroids are potent preferable drug of choice in dermatology, but its abuse and misuse are increasing.
The Future of 3D Printing in Prototype Development: Minimizing Prototype Costs and Decreasing Validation Timelines
Authors:   USA, Rasu Sakthivel
Published: October 2024

This paper relates to a critical overview of how 3D printing is transforming the development process of prototypes with the help of its capacity to reduce costs and lessen the pre-validation time that is required by production. Unlike traditional manufacturing, 3D printing at this time allows for faster iterations, eradication of tooling costs, and better material usage. These are the main factors that arise: material selection, process optimization, and rapid prototyping advantages of the industries dealing with automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and consumer electronics. Some future trends that will shape 3D printing technology include advanced materials, further automation, and integration of AI, among other emerging technologies that eventually may affect product design and validation processes. It finally concludes by discussing the long term benefits involved in the adoption of 3D printing for prototype development regarding increased innovation and cost efficiency.
Analysis of Frozen Bakery Items Containing Trehalose and its Impact on Quantitative Quality Measures
Authors:   University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA, Holliday Darryl , Giangrosso Isabelle ,   University of Holy Cross, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, Mukherjee Soma ,   Southwest Minnesota State University, Marshall, Minnesota, USA, Hamman Alex ,   Delgado Community College, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Published: October 2024

The frozen dough market has been increasing annually since it reduces cost while ensuring the availability of fresh products. Ice crystal formation inside the dough decreases yeast functionality while thawing releases fluid inside the dough, both leading to an unacceptable product. Trehalose can enhance the viability of yeast cells and reduce ice crystals. Four concentrations of trehalose (0, 10, 20, and 30%) were investigated on the freeze-thaw quality of frozen dough. Samples were prepared, frozen, and thawed before testing for color, moisture, water activity, and texture. Trehalose had no significant impact on color, moisture, or water activity of any sample despite trends in moisture and water activity being present. However, increased trehalose showed decrease in peak load in biscuits and pizza crusts. Therefore, more research is needed but data shows that trehalose could act as an anti-staling agent by reducing crust hardness in frozen biscuits and pizza crusts.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices towards Anthrax among Community Members and Professionals in Dugda Dawa District of West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors:   In-service Applied Veterinary Epidemiology Training (ISAVET) Program, Dugda Dawa Woreda Agricultural Office, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture Epidemiology Directorate, West Guji Zone, Ethiopia, Waraksa Salli Sabba , Musa Kedir Yusuf ,   In-service Applied Veterinary Epidemiology Training (ISAVET) Program, Melka Ballo Woreda Agricultural Office, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture Epidemiology Directorate, East Hararge Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, Jima Chernet Balcha ,   In-service Applied Veterinary Epidemiology Training (ISAVET) Program, Kersa Woreda Agricultural Office, Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture Epidemiology Directorate, Jimma Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Published: October 2024

Ethiopia is mainly vulnerable to zoonotic diseases (like anthrax) because its economy is primarily dependent on agriculture. There is a paucity of information on knowledge, attitude and practice among this community regarding anthrax. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2023 to August 2023 to assess the current knowledge, attitude, and practices towards human and animal anthrax infection among community members and professionals in Dugda Dawa district, southern Ethiopia using a structured questionnaire.
Effects of Fungus (Aspergillus niger) Treated Castor seed Cake on the Performance and Egg Quality of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors:   Department of Animal Production, Nigeria, Adewale Belewu Moshood , Wong Ling Shing ,   Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, INTI, University, Malaysia, Subramaniam Geetha ,   Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, INTI, University, Malaysia, Yemisi Belewu Kafayat ,   Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Owolabi Ganiyu Akeem ,   Department of Dairy Science, Nigeria
Published: October 2024

Castor seed cake (CSC) has been recognized as a potential protein source for livestock due to its high Protein and amino acids profile. However, the cake contains some anti-nutrients and toxic compounds that may prevent its full utilization in Livestock feed. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of partial substitution of Groundnut cake with Fungus (Aspergillus niger) treated Castor seed cake (FCSC) on performance characteristics, egg quality and biochemical blood parameters of Japanese quail. Seventy-two quail chicks used for this experiment were subjected to three dietary treatments: Control diet (A, 0% FCSC), B (30% FCSC) and C (60% FCSC).
Profitability of Oil Palm Production and Processing in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, A Igbosoroeze Chinyere
Published: October 2024

This work presents a comprehensive literature and studies conducted on the economic point of oil palm cultivation and processing and the factors that influences profitability of the sector as well as its contribution to the socioeconomic development of the farmers in Edo state. The study highlights the importance of oil palm production and processing in Edo, a major oil palm producing state in Nigeria.
Kubernetes Advanced Auto Scaling Techniques
Authors:   Independent Researcher, USA, Molleti Ramasankar
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses some sophisticated autoscaling strategies in Kubernetes, and they include horizontal and vertical pod autoscaling, cluster levels autoscaling, and metrics based autoscaling. In this regard, it covers the topics of both predictive and event-triggered auto scaling approaches and their applications, the advantages and the potential issues relating to them, and more.
Phenomology Study of High Numbers of Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Patients in Makassar City Post COVID-19 Pandemic, South Sulawesi Province Indonesia
Authors:   Health Department of Makassar City Government, Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, Sirajuddin Nursaidah
Published: October 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is one of the ten main causes of death in the world. Indonesia is the country with the second highest number of TB sufferers in the world. The aim of this research is to identify the factors causing the high number of Tuberculosis sufferers after the Covid-19 pandemic in the city of Makassar. The research method used is qualitative research with a phenomological study approach. The sample in this study was resistant tuberculosis (MDR) sufferers in several community health centers in Makassar City. The number of samples was 3 MDR sufferers for each Puskesmas sample. Sampling was random sampling based on data obtained from the Makassar City Health Center. Data processing was carried out through in-depth analysis and the triangulation method between researchers, families and patients suffering from tuberculosis. Research findings include fear of Covid-19 screening, stigma of “untreated” death in Covid-19 sufferers, low motivation to recover, discontinuation of treatment, and immunological diseases. Recommendations from the research results are motivation, preventing interruption of treatment regimens, handling comorbid diseases, and increasing maximum nutrition.