bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative simulation of normalization methods for machine learning-based intrusion detection systems using KDD Cup’99 dataset
Authors: Kumar Satish , Gupta Sunanda , Arora Sakshi
Published: December 2021

Network Intrusion detection systems (NIDS) detect malicious and intrusive information in computer networks. Presently, commercial NIDS is based on machine learning approaches that have complex algorithms and increase intrusion detection efficiency and efficacy. These machine learning-based NIDS use high dimensional network traffic data from which intrusive information is to be detected. This high-dimensional network traffic data in NIDS needs to be preprocessed and normalized to make it suitable for machine learning tools. A machine learning approach with appropriate normalization and prepossessing increases NIDS performance. This paper presents an empirical study on various normalization methods implemented on a benchmark network traffic dataset, KDD Cup’99, that has been used to evaluate the NIDS model. The present study shows decimal normalization has a better prediction performance than non-normalized traffic data categorized into ‘normal’ or ‘intrusive’ classes.
Multi-class classification of action intention understanding brain signals based on thresholding graph metric
Authors: Cai Qian , Xiong Xingliang , Gong Weiqiang , Wang Haixian
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Classification of action intention understanding is extremely important for human computer interaction. Many studies on the action intention understanding classification mainly focus on binary classification, while the classification accuracy is often unsatisfactory, not to mention multi-class classification. METHOD: To complete the multi-class classification task of action intention understanding brain signals effectively, we propose a novel feature extraction procedure based on thresholding graph metric. RESULTS: Both the alpha frequency band and full-band obtained considerable classification accuracies. Compared with other methods, the novel method has better classification accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Brain activity of action intention understanding is closely related to the alpha band. The new feature extraction procedure is an effective method for the multi-class classification of action intention understanding brain signals.
A new multi-criteria decision-making method utilizing power heronian operators with picture hesitant fuzzy information
Authors: Li Baolin , Yang Lihua , Qian Jie
Published: December 2021

In practice, picture hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs) combining the picture fuzzy sets (PFSs) and hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) are suitable to represent more complex multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) information. The power heronian (PH) operators, which have the merits of power average (PA) and heronian mean (HM) operators, are extended to the environment of PHFSs in this article. First, some algebraic operations of picture hesitant fuzzy numbers (PHFNs), comparative functions and distance measure are introduced. Second, two novel operators, called as picture hesitant fuzzy weighted power heronian (PHFWPH) operator and picture hesitant fuzzy weighted geometric power heronian (PHFWGPH) operator, are defined. Meanwhile, some desirable characteristics and special instances of two operators are investigated as well. Third, a novel MCDM approach applying the proposed PH operators to handle PHFNs is explored. Lastly, to indicate the effectiveness of this novel method, an example regarding MCDM problem is conducted, as well as sensitivity and comparison analysis.
Explainable health prediction from facial features with transfer learning
Authors: Connie Tee , Tan Yee Fan , Goh Michael Kah Ong , Hon Hock Woon , Kadim Zulaikha , Wong Li Pei
Published: December 2021

In the recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been widely deployed in the healthcare industry. The new AI technology enables efficient and personalized healthcare systems for the public. In this paper, transfer learning with pre-trained VGGFace model is applied to identify sick symptoms based on the facial features of a person. As the deep learning model’s operation is unknown for making a decision, this paper investigates the use of Explainable AI (XAI) techniques for soliciting explanations for the predictions made by the model. Various XAI techniques including Integrated Gradient, Explainable region-based AI (XRAI) and Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) are studied. XAI is crucial to increase the model’s transparency and reliability for practical deployment. Experimental results demonstrate that the attribution method can give proper explanations for the decisions made by highlighting important attributes in the images. The facial features that account for positive and negative classes predictions are highlighted appropriately for effective visualization. XAI can help to increase accountability and trustworthiness of the healthcare system as it provides insights for understanding how a conclusion is derived from the AI model.
Automatic phase identification of earthquake based on the UBDN deep network
Authors: Cai Jianxian , Dai Xun , Gao Zhitao , Shi Yan
Published: December 2021

Seismic data obtained from seismic stations are the major source of the information used to forecast earthquakes. With the growth in the number of seismic stations, the size of the dataset has also increased. Traditionally, STA/LTA and AIC method have been applied to process seismic data. However, the enormous size of the dataset reduces accuracy and increases the rate of missed detection of the P and S wave phase when using these traditional methods. To tackle these issues, we introduce the novel U-net-Bidirectional Long-Term Memory Deep Network (UBDN) which can automatically and accurately identify the P and S wave phases from seismic data. The U-net based UBDN strongly maintains the U-net’s high accuracy in edge detection for extracting seismic phase features. Meanwhile, it also reduces the missed detection rate by applying the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) mode that processes timing signals to establish the relationship between seismic phase features. Experimental results using the Stanford University seismic dataset and data from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake aftershock confirm that the proposed UBDN method is very accurate and has a lower rate of missed phase detection, outperforming solutions that adapt traditional methods by an order of magnitude in terms of error percentage.
Vague multi-attribute group decision-making method based on evidence theory with a new aspect to solve weights
Authors: Cui ChunSheng , Cao YanLi
Published: December 2021

In order to solve the problems of weight solving and information aggregation in the Vague multi-attribute group decision-making, this paper first solves the weight of Vague evaluation value, and then fuses the information of Vague sets through evidence theory, and obtains an information aggregation algorithm for Vague multi-attribute group decision-making. Firstly, The algorithm draws on the idea of solving the weight of evidence in the improved evidence theory algorithm, and calculates the weight of Vague evaluation value, and revises the original evaluation information after obtaining the weight of each Vague evaluation value. Secondly, this algorithm analyzes the mathematical relationship between the Vague sets and the evidence theory, and uses the evidence theory to fuse the evaluation information to obtain the final Vague evaluation value of each alternative. Finally, this algorithm uses a score function to calculate the score of each alternative to determine the best alternative. The algorithm given in the paper enables decision-makers to make rational decisions in uncertain environments, and then select the best alternative.
Improving thai-lao neural machine translation with similarity lexicon
Authors: Yu Zhiqiang , Huang Yuxin , Guo Junjun
Published: December 2021

It has been shown that the performance of neural machine translation (NMT) drops starkly in low-resource conditions. Thai-Lao is a typical low-resource language pair of tiny parallel corpus, leading to suboptimal NMT performance on it. However, Thai and Lao have considerable similarities in linguistic morphology and have bilingual lexicon which is relatively easy to obtain. To use this feature, we first build a bilingual similarity lexicon composed of pairs of similar words. Then we propose a novel NMT architecture to leverage the similarity between Thai and Lao. Specifically, besides the prevailing sentence encoder, we introduce an extra similarity lexicon encoder into the conventional encoder-decoder architecture, by which the semantic information carried by the similarity lexicon can be represented. We further provide a simple mechanism in the decoder to balance the information representations delivered from the input sentence and the similarity lexicon. Our approach can fully exploit linguistic similarity carried by the similarity lexicon to improve translation quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves significant improvements over the state-of-the-art Transformer baseline system and previous similar works.
Exploring the knowledge domain of earthquake prediction based on bibliometric analysis and text mining
Authors: He Xiaorong
Published: December 2021

Earthquake prediction is one of the important themes of earthquake research, and it is also a very difficult scientific problem in the world. In this study, a bibliometric analysis is conducted on the scientific publications about earthquake prediction indexed in SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded) and SSCI (Social Sciences Citation Index) databases during the past two decades (1998–2017). The subject categories, annual and journal distributions, leading countries/regions and institutions are investigated in this field. The main research topics are identified through text mining method. The research trends are explored by keyword co-occurrence analysis and bursting keywords detection techniques. The results of this study are helpful for scholars in this field to find the knowledge structure and important participants. It is also helpful for scholars to seize the current research hotspots and future development trends in this field.
Research on named entity recognition of chinese electronic medical records based on multi-head attention mechanism and character-word information fusion
Authors: Zhang Qinghui , Wu Meng , Lv Pengtao , Zhang Mengya , Yang Hongwei
Published: December 2021

In the medical field, Named Entity Recognition (NER) plays a crucial role in the process of information extraction through electronic medical records and medical texts. To address the problems of long distance entity, entity confusion, and difficulty in boundary division in the Chinese electronic medical record NER task, we propose a Chinese electronic medical record NER method based on the multi-head attention mechanism and character-word fusion. This method uses a new character-word joint feature representation based on the pre-training model BERT and self-constructed domain dictionary, which can accurately divide the entity boundary and solve the impact of unregistered words. Subsequently, on the basis of the BiLSTM-CRF model, a multi-head attention mechanism is introduced to learn the dependency relationship between remote entities and entity information in different semantic spaces, which effectively improves the performance of the model. Experiments show that our models have better performance and achieves significant improvement compared to baselines. The specific performance is that the F1 value on the Chinese electronic medical record data set reaches 95.22%, which is 2.67%higher than the F1 value of the baseline model.
An efficient multi-objective based squirrel search optimization for optimal placement of FACTS devices
Authors: Adline Priya G. , Sundar C. , Pavalarajan S.
Published: December 2021

The adoption of a new transmission line is extremely complex because of its socio-economic problems such as environmental clearances. Thus, there is a prominence of better utility over available transmission infrastructure. The Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices can offer transmission capability enhancement, power compensation, and stability as well as voltage improvement. However, the FACTS devices have a higher penetration impact of wind generation for the dynamic stability of power networks. In this work, an efficient Intellectual Control system has been proposed to stabilize the FACTS devices placement. The Squirrel Search Optimization is adapted with an intellectual control system to enhance the steady-state voltage stability of FACTS devices. The proposed system has been evaluated with the assist of IEEE 14 and 26 standard bus systems to handle the multi-objective functions like cost, reduction in power loss, reducing risks, and maximizing user’s benefit. These multi-objective functions facilitate to attain the optimal placement and load flows at various sites. The simulation can be carried out with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the results manifest that the proposed system outperforms well when compared with existing approaches.
Homozygous N-terminal missense variant in PLEKHG5 associated with intermediate CMT: A case report
Authors: Beijer Danique , Polavarapu Kiran , Preethish-Kumar Veeramani , Bardhan Mainak , Dohrn Maike F. , Rebelo Adriana , Züchner Stephan , Nalini Atchayaram
Published: December 2021

Mutations in PLEKHG5, a pleckstrin homology domain containing member of the GEF family, are associated with distal spinal muscular atrophy and intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Here, we describe an isolated case with distal intermediate neuropathy with scapular winging. By whole exome sequencing, we identified the homozygous PLEKHG5 Arg97Gln missense mutation, located in the N-terminal region of the protein. This mutation resides between a zinc-finger motif and a RBD domain, involved in binding rnd3, a RhoA effector protein. We conclude that based on the characteristic phenotype presented by the patient and the supportive genetic findings, the PLEKHG5 mutation is the causative variant.
Peripheral Immune Cell Numbers and C-Reactive Protein in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from a Population-Based Study
Authors: Dommershuijsen Lisanne J. , Ruiter Rikje , Erler Nicole S. , Rizopoulos Dimitris , Ikram M. Arfan , Ikram M. Kamran
Published: December 2021

Background: The immune system is known to be involved in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis, but the temporal relationship between peripheral immune responses and PD remains unknown. Objective: We determined the association between peripheral immune cell numbers, C-reactive protein (CRP), and prevalent as well as incident PD. Methods: This study was embedded in the population-based setting of the Rotterdam Study. We repeatedly measured peripheral immune cell numbers (differential leukocyte count and platelet count, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio [GLR], platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR], and adapted systemic immune-inflammation index [adapted SII]) and CRP between 1990 and 2016. Participants were continuously followed-up for PD until 2018. We estimated the association of the markers with prevalent and incident PD using logistic regression models and joint models, respectively. Models were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and medication use. Odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) are shown per doubling of the marker. Results: A total of 12,642 participants were included in this study. The mean age (standard deviation) was 65.1 (9.8) years and 57.5%were women. Participants with a higher lymphocyte count were less likely to have prevalent PD (adjusted OR: 0.34, 95%CI 0.17–0.68). Participants with a higher GLR, PLR, and adapted SII were more likely to have prevalent PD, but these effects were explained by the lymphocyte count. The peripheral immune cell numbers and CRP were not significantly associated with the risk of incident PD. Conclusion: We found participants with a higher lymphocyte count to be less likely to have prevalent PD, but we did not find an association between peripheral immune cell numbers nor CRP and the risk of incident PD.
A new weighting scheme for arc based circle cone-beam CT reconstruction
Authors: Wang Wei , Xia Xiang-Gen , He Chuanjiang , Ren Zemin , Lu Jian
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we present an arc based fan-beam computed tomography (CT) reconstruction algorithm by applying Katsevich’s helical CT image reconstruction formula to 2D fan-beam CT scanning data. Specifically, we propose a new weighting function to deal with the redundant data. Our weighting function ϖ ( x _ , λ ) is an average of two characteristic functions, where each characteristic function indicates whether the projection data of the scanning angle contributes to the intensity of the pixel x _ . In fact, for every pixel x _ , our method uses the projection data of two scanning angle intervals to reconstruct its intensity, where one interval contains the starting angle and another contains the end angle. Each interval corresponds to a characteristic function. By extending the fan-beam algorithm to the circle cone-beam geometry, we also obtain a new circle cone-beam CT reconstruction algorithm. To verify the effectiveness of our method, the simulated experiments are performed for 2D fan-beam geometry with straight line detectors and 3D circle cone-beam geometry with flat-plan detectors, where the simulated sinograms are generated by the open-source software “ASTRA toolbox.” We compare our method with the other existing algorithms. Our experimental results show that our new method yields the lowest root-mean-square-error (RMSE) and the highest structural-similarity (SSIM) for both reconstructed 2D and 3D fan-beam CT images.
REGARDING A CORRELATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE DOMESTIC SYSTEM OF EXECUTION AND SERVING OF CRIMINAL PUNISHMENTS
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Pylypenko Dmytro
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to defining the correlations between the principles of the domestic system of execution and serving of criminal punishments. The issue focuses on defining the links between the principles of criminal enforcement policy and criminal executive law. The article analyzes the theoretical positions of scientists who study this issue. The vast majority of scholars' positions are focused on the dominant position of domestic policy in the field of execution and serving sentences as a key element of the entire penitentiary system. Given this, the correlation between the principles of the elements of the system of execution and serving sentences is determined by giving priority to the principles of domestic policy over the principles of other elements, taking into account the direct criminal law. As can be seen, this theoretical state is due to the leading importance of the positivist concept of the origin of law, which is very common among domestic scholars. The article draws attention to the inevitable shortcomings of which leads to excessive attention to this concept. One of these shortcomings is the gradual reduction of the role of the natural law concept in society and, as a consequence, the narrowing of human rights and freedoms. The paper emphasizes that this aspect is unacceptable for a modern, democratic state in which the indisputable axiom is the proclamation of the leading role of human rights and freedoms in society and the state. Thus, under these conditions, the natural law concept should play a key role in building modern legal systems. Thus, the article defines the result according to which the correlation of the principles of the domestic system of execution and serving criminal sentences should take place with priority given to the principles of criminal executive law over all elements, taking into account the principles of domestic policy in the execution and serving of criminal sentences.
IMPROVEMENT OF ACADEMIC SPEECH OF APPLICANTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Korotkova Yuliia
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the elucidation of ways to improve the academic speech of applicants for the degree of "Doctor of Philosophy". The concept of "academic speech" is understood as the activity of the researcher to create specialized professional scientific texts and present orally or in writing the results of research at scientific events of various levels. It is noted that the improvement of academic speech in the conditions of postgraduate / adjunct studies can be significantly contributed by the discipline "Fundamentals of Academic Speech", which aims to deepen knowledge of modern Ukrainian literary language, to develop a sense of scientific language, the language taste, to master the scientific style of speech and writing, language means of the scientific text, to develop the steady abilities and skills of the correct and communicatively justified use of language means in academic speech, to form the speech behavior in oral scientific discussion. The most common mistakes that occur in scientific texts are identified. They include: lexical (tracings from the Russian language, tautology, pleonasms, incorrect use of paronyms), grammatical (incorrect formation of singular forms of nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, incorrect use of prepositions, incorrect formation of participles, incorrect use of pronouns), syntactic (oversaturation of the scientific text with the verb forms on "-ся", non-normative use of prepositions as a part of syntactic constructions); stylistic, punctuation, spelling mistakes. A number of exercises, methods and forms of organization of the educational process which can contribute to the improvement of academic speech of future scientists are proposed. They include exercises on editing and translating scientific texts, role-playing and business games, discussions, debates, brainstorming, project method, preparation of own scientific texts, speeches with an oral scientific report in compliance with the requirements for public speaking.
NEW DATA COMPRESSION ALGORITHM FOR TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION OF THE INFORMATION-MEASURING SYSTEM "SKALA-MICRO"
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Alexey Bukalin, , Andrey Zagrebaev
Published: December 2021

This paper describes a computer program that implements an algorithm for com- pressing technological information with losses using archive data of the information-measuring system "Skala-micro" of the Kursk and Smolensk NPPs as an example. The presented al- gorithm allows to compress file archives at the data level with the possibility of their quick subsequent recovery within the limits of the acceptable error. The main goal of the algorithm is to significantly reduce the excess amount of memory when storing data for its subsequent more efficient use.
The Relationship between Recurrence Rate and Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer in Locally Advance Breast Cancer (LABC) Post Mastectomy: Focus on Comparison of Luminal A and Luminal B
Authors: Salim Eric Hartoyo , Eddy Herman Tanggo  , Dwi Hari Susilo
Published: December 2021

Background. Breast cancer is the highest prevalence of malignancy for women in Indonesia and important national health problem. Estimated 2 million women developed breast cancer in 2018 with a mortality rate of 14.1 in every 100,000 women. Regarding the relationship between subtypes and breast cancer recurrence Several studies on gene expression have shown several subtypes of breast cancer, including the two most important subtypes, estrogen receptor (ER) positive (Luminal A and Luminal B) and ER negative (Triple negative and Her2 positive). Based on the explanation above, currently there is no data in Soetomo Hospital that discusses the role of breast cancer subtypes as a prognostic factor in determining the recurrence rate in locally advanced breast cancer.Methods. The research design is an associative test using a retrospective cohort observational analytical study design, associating the relationship between tumor subtypes with recurrence in locally advanced breast cancer patients after mastectomy and has received additional therapy according to standard procedures at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya This study used secondary data from the medical records of the Oncology Polyclinic, RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from 2014 to 2019.Results. The research subjects who have been selected according to inclusion criteria are 214 people, with the proportion in the population of luminal A and luminal B subtypes of 107 people each. Based on this study, it was found that the subtype was positively correlated with recurrence in LABC patients who had undergonecmastectomy with a significance value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05; 99% CI).Conclusion. There is a relationship between the recurrence rate and the molecular subtype of breast cancer in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients after mastectomy at Dr Soetomo Hospital.
Maternal Death Cause by Antepartum Eclampsia, With HELPP Syndrome and AKI Stage III : A Preventable Recurrent Death
Authors: Yusrizal Ferry , Fitria Koeshardani  , Agustina H  , Zulkhair Ali  , Junaidi A
Published: December 2021

Background: Eclampsia and severe preeclampsia is of the most frequent cause of maternal death. We usually find the case like this in our daily practice. The case most likely could be prevented. Eclampsia defined as a generalized seizure following preeclampsia in pregnancy. Eclampsia/Preeclampsia (EPH-Gestosis) cause a multisystem dysfunction such as HELLP syndrome, microangiopathy hemolytic anemia, liver dysfunction, and thrombocytopenia. Eclampsia and HELLP syndrome lead to maternal mortality, which happened mostly during third trimester. Most of the patient came to the hospital in a bad condition where the multi organs failure were exist. EPH-Gestosis are due to maternal death in 43,75%. Even the case usually severe, it’s a preventable death. A proper strategy is needed to reduce or to avoid the maternal death.Objective: To analyse a maternal death with eclampsia and how to prevent this recurrent death.Case Report: A woman, 30 years old, G2P1A0 32 weeks pregnant not in labor with antepartum eclampsia was admitted to Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital (MHGH) Palembang, a referral case. Patient experienced generalized seizure six times before coming to MHGH which every seizure duration is less than five minutes and unconscious. On physical examination, patient was conscious, with blood pressure of 160/100 mmHg, pale, and cold extremities. By ultrasound examination, it showed 34 weeks pregnancy with single life fetus. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis (25.000/mm3), thrombocytopenia (58.000/mm3), hyperbilirubinemia, elevated SGOT and SGPT (1691 and 861 U/L), elevated creatinine serum (2,46 mg/dl), and elevated LDH (3629 U/L). The patient was treated based on the protocol for stabilization with intramuscular injection of MgSO4 40%, nifedipin 10 mg per oral, intravenous injection of dexamethasone 12 mg, and plan to terminate the pregnancy by caesarean procedure. The male baby was born, 2000 g weight and APGAR score 4/6/8. After the cesarean the consciousness not so well. Collaborating therapy to handle the case, with the anesthesiologist, internist and neurologist. Maternal death occurred in 3 days hospitalized …caused by multi organ failure (MOF). Conclusion: The maternal death caused by antepartum eclampsia and the complication. The diagnosis of antepartum eclampsia and HELLP syndrome was decided based on history taking, physical examination, and supporting examination. Multiple organ failure exist in this case when the patient came to MHGH. Patient already treated and tried to overcome the complication but maternal death still occurred. This maternal death has a likely same story of previous death pattern. It is needed a strategy to prevent or to reduce the maternal death and how to make a good effort to cease the case become severe or worst.
Protocol for Anesthesia Animal Model in Biomedical Study
Authors: Hidayat Rachmat , Patricia Wulandari
Published: December 2021

Recognition of pain depends upon intact pathways from pain receptors to thethalamus and cerebral cortex, as well as functional cerebral cortex and subcorticalstructures. Thus any means that renders the cerebral cortex nonfunctional, suchas hypoxia or drug depression, prevents pain. When this happens, stimuli thatevoke motor nerve reflexes that may be painful to the conscious animal are notpainful in the unconscious animal. Equally painful stimuli administered toanimals chemically paralyzed by curare or succinylcholine will not evoke a motorreflex simply because of paralysis, but will cause pain because of the consciousstate. Hence, it is possible that unconscious animals may feel no pain but respondto certain stimuli, and paralyzed animals may feel pain but cannot respond.
Zinc Serum Maternal Levels as a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia
Authors: Martadiansyah Abarham , Peby Maulina  , Putri Mirani  , Tia Kaprianti  , Theodorus
Published: December 2021

Background. Preeclampsia is defined as gestational hypertension and proteinuria which can be measured by the elevation of liver transaminases to twice normal concentration, and the symptoms of increased intracranial pressure such as dizziness, blurred vision, and seizures. Zinc is an essential mineral for many biological functions and one of the trace elements that is directly involved in the oxidative/antioxidant balance, a pathogenesis process in preeclampsia that is highly dependent on dietary habits and supplements. This study was aimed to assess the association between serum zinc level with preeclampsia (PE).

Methods: This observational, case-control study was performed on 90 women with singleton pregnancies at 28 to 42 weeks of gestation which were referred to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, between August 2020 to November 2020. 30 pregnant women with PE were selected as cases and 60 healthy pregnant women were selected as controls. Maternal serum zinc samples were collected. The collected data were entered into the master table. Tabulation, coding, and statistical data analysis were performed using SPSS version 20.0 for Windows.

Results: The mean serum zinc levels in the case group and control group were 43,90 ± 15,79 µg/dL (ranged from 15 to 86 µg/dL) and 48,77 ± 10,54 µg/dL (ranged from 22 to 83 µg/dL), respectively. A value of serum zinc levels with the best sensitivity and specificity was 45,5 µg/dL.

Conclusion: There was a significant association between maternal serum zinc level with PE. The risk of PE was 3,2 times higher in pregnant women with serum zinc levels of ≤45,5 mcg/dL compared to pregnant women with serum zinc levels of >45,5 mcg/dL. In this case it is necessary to supplement zinc earlier in pregnancy to reduce the risk of preeclampsia.
Clinical Efficacy of the Use of Honey as Wound Treatment in Surgical Site Infection due to Hysterectomy Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hartati  , Mufida Muzakkie  , Yusuf Effendi  , Ferry Yusrizal  , Ramzi Amin  , Cindy Kesty  , Vicela Patricia Virgyna
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Honey is believed to be used in the topical treatment of wounds and burns due to its anti-bacterial and wound healing promotion activities. The sugar content in honey is high enough to inhibit microbial growth. This case report reports the clinical efficacy of using honey as a postoperative hysterectomy wound dressing with type 2 diabetes mellitus complications.

Case Presentation: A woman, 40 years old, lived in Palembang, housewife, came with complaints of open surgical scars and smelling pus. The patient is a postoperative patient with cesarean section with indications of a prolonged latent phase and macrosomia. The patient also had a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus since 8 years ago. Intraoperatively, a wound dehiscence is obtained in the lower uterine segment and adhesions between the anterior uterine body and the omentum and transverse colon. The patient finally underwent a supracervical hysterectomy and the surgical secretions were examined for bacterial culture and antibiotic resistance. During wound care, the patient's surgical wound was treated using honey dressings. Patient experienced improvement after treatment for 12 days post-operation.

Conclusion: Honey has antibacterial and tissue regeneration ability which is high enough to heal surgical wounds. Further studies are needed for the application of honey to postoperative wounds more widely
Handling of Common Laboratory Animals in Biomedical Study
Authors: Hidayat Rachmat , Patricia Wulandari
Published: December 2021

Mice are usually caught and lifted by the tail. The tail should be grasped abouttwo-thirds of the way down. With this simple method of holding, they may betransferred to another cage or a balance, identified or sexed; but such restraint isnot sufficient for treatment and close examination. For more effective control, themouse may be held by the tail and placed on a table or other surface, preferablyone that the mouse can grasp, and the loose skin over the neck and shouldersgrasped with thumb and fingers.
The Relationship between Plasma Hypocretin Levels and Sleep Disorders in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Afdal Ahmad , Syarif Indra  , Hendra Permana
Published: December 2021

Introduction: There are many areas of brain degeneration in people with Parkinson's disease. The dopaminergic degeneration process in the midbrain causes early symptoms of sleep disturbances. Hypocretin produced by the hypothalamus is involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Some research results regarding the relationship between plasma hypocretin levels and sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease are still controversial.

Method: This research is a cross sectional study in Neurology Polyclinic Dr. M. Djamil Padang and Network Hospital. All research subjects measured hypocretin levels and sleep disorders using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Statistical analysis was performed on a computerized basis using IBM SPSS statistics version 23.0 for windows.

Result: A total of 60 patients with Parkinson's disease were included in this study, 30 subjects experienced sleep disorders and 30 others had no sleep disorders. There was a significant difference in lower plasma hypocretin levels in the Parkinson's group with sleep disorders, namely 81.817 ± 22.770 and in the group without sleep disorders, plasma hypocretin levels were found to be 255.416 ± 226.590 (p = 0.000). There was no statistical difference in clinical degree, age, duration of illness between the Parkinson's group with sleep disorders and the group without sleep disorders p > 0.05.

Conclusion: There is a significant difference in hypocretin levels against the sleep disorder group in people with Parkinson's disease. In this study, there was no association between age, clinical degree of Parkinson's disease, and duration of Parkinson's disease and sleep disturbances. Degeneration in the olfactory bulb area, hypothalamus, and brainstem can precede dopaminergic degeneration in the midbrain and cause sleep disturbance symptoms.
İtfaiye Teşkilatlarında Covid-19 Salgını Tedbirleri
Authors: KIRTAŞ Hacı Ahmet , ALTUNDAĞ Hüseyin
Published: December 2021

Covid-19 salgını küresel dünyayı etkisi altına alan bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Bu salgın hastalık, birçok insanı olumsuz etkilemiş, ulusal ve uluslararası ticaretin tamamen durmasına sebep olmuş ve sağlık alanında yapılan çalışmaların olumsuz durumlara karşı yeterliğini de gözler önüne sermiştir. Covid-19 salgınından etkilenen önemli iş kollarından bir tanesi de kamu sektörüdür. Devlet de iş akışının sürdürülmesi, yaşamsal iş döngüsünün aynı şekilde devam ettirilmesi ve vatandaşa hizmet sunulması konusunda kurumların salgından en az etkilenilmesi için birçok esnek çalışma modellemeleri geliştirilmiş ve bu çalışmalar da 24 saat dilimi ile çalışan hizmet kolunda görev yapan itfaiye teşkilatları da yer almıştır. Yapılan bu çalışma da itfaiye teşkilatlarının çalışma usul ve esaslarına göre Covid-19 tedbirlerinin uygulanması ve kamuda hizmet standardı olan ve verilmesi zorunlu olan yangın söndürme-kurtarma faaliyetlerinin uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmamızda İtfaiye personelleri ile soru cevap şeklinde bir araştırma yapılmış olunup, alınan Covid-19 tedbirleri kapsamında personelin korunması, iş akışının devamı, bulaşıcı risk faktörü, genel sağlık tedbirleri vb. konular hakkında 10 maddelik soru sorularak itfaiye teşkilatlarının bu durumdaki etkilenme boyutu belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve alınan güvenlik tedbirleri iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Saptanan sorunlar neticesinde İşyerlerinde bulaş riski ile görev yapan personelin 24 saat çalışma dilimi içerisinde, çalışma arkadaşlarına bulaştırma risk durumu gözlemlenmiş ve iş yerinde bu duruma karşı alınması gereken güvenlik ve tedbirlere dikkat çekilmeye çalışılmıştır. İşyerlerinde alınan güvenlik tedbirlerinin personel bakımından yetersiz olduğu, bulaş risk durumunun olaylara müdahale sonrasında covid-19 salgınına karşı maruz kalınması riskinin yüksek olduğu, karantinaya alınacak alan veya çalışma alanlarının hijyen temizlik ve mesafe kurallarına uymadığı, Muhtemel istasyonda yaşanabilecek bir karantina durumunda, yedek istasyonların kurulma çalışması yapılmadı çıkan sonuçlar arasındadır.
Peculiarities and Priorities of the Insurance Market Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Institute of Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine, Zhabynets O. Y.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the features, trends and priorities in the development of the insurance market in Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the main indicators of the development of the insurance market during the pandemic 2020 were analyzed and the comparison of these indicators from 2019 was made. The main factors that in today’s realities will encourage consumers to buy insurance protection are allocated, the peculiarities of interaction of insurers with insurance companies when concluding insurance contracts during the quarantine period are highlighted. It is determined that development of the insurance market in Ukraine in the context of the global coronavirus pandemic and in the novel regulatory conditions was characterized by the active implementation of innovative technologies in the activities of insurance companies and the «purification» of the market from weak and inefficient companies. It is proved that according to the main indicators of development, the market has suffered a slight recession, and therefore, the impact of the pandemic on the insurance market in Ukraine can be considered moderate. It is detected that the key factors when choosing an insurance company to buy insurance protection today are: opportunity to purchase an insurance service online; individual tariffs for each consumer based on their specific needs; presence of an easy-to-use mobile application. Thus, insurance companies that will be able to quickly reorganize their IT infrastructure to simplify the customers’ access to insurance services, providing the most convenient way (channel) of interaction, and offering products that best meet their lifestyle and needs, will strengthen consumer confidence and develop their business within those consumer ecosystems that are being formed in today’s turbulent conditions of development.
The State-based Financial Control in Ukraine: Status and Directions for Improvement
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute of Finance, Banking of the University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Yahodenko I. V. , Hordei O. D. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute of Finance, Banking of the University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The article is aimed at disclosing the economic essence of the concept of «the State-based financial control», defining and analyzing the current status of the State-based financial control in Ukraine. The article analyzes the opinions of scholars on the definition of the conceptual apparatus of the research topic and derives a theoretical understanding of the State-based financial control. The issue of building an effective unified system of the State-based financial control is researched. The analysis of legislation norms on the implementation of the State-based financial control is carried out. The opinions of leading scholars who study the problems of control over the effective use of both the State and the local budgets together with reforms in this area are taken into account. The current status of the State-based financial control in the country is analyzed, a number of problems within the system are outlined. The characteristic shortcomings of functioning of the elements of the State-based control system are outlined (absence of a unified concept for the development of the State-based financial control, deepening of the powers of regulatory authorities, presence of a large number of normative legal acts, their outdatedness and inconsistency), the inadmissibility of duplication of control functions is emphasized. The role of the State-based audit in the formation of the successful State-based financial control in the country is determined. The risks that influence the formation of the State-based financial control are analyzed. It is concluded that the system of the State-based financial control in Ukraine does not have sufficient legal, informational, organizational, communicative, institutional and methodological provision that would meet the modern challenges of the country’s economy. Solving the problems of organization and functioning of the State-based financial control is possible by systematically improving the activities of financial control bodies, increasing the level of audit and continuous improvement of the management system within the organizations of regulatory authorities.
Public Audit: The Essence, Structural Elements and Features of Application
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute of Administration and Postgraduate Education of Lviv Polytechnic National University, Karkovska V. Y. , Vishka I. S. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The article considers the features of interpretation of the term «public audit». On the basis of the researched information (domestic and foreign sources) the authors’ own understanding of the term «public audit» is formed, the features of its use are distinguished. The key structural elements of public audit are formed, which make evident the deviations in the interpretation of the concepts of both public and the State-based audit. The authors have determined, that public audit includes the State-based audit as a indispensable constituent, as far as public audit is carried out by the State, individual business structures, civil society organizations, etc. On the basis of the carried out research, it is specified that subject of implementation of public audit is analyzing and assessing certain areas of activity, namely: activities of public authorities, local governments, and other organizations. For an effective implementation of public audit a proper legal framework as well as a transparent partnership interaction between the civil society and the State administration sector should be formed. In its activities, public audit primarily focuses on the main objects such as social resources (labor, financial, material, natural, intellectual), as well as cultural and social values of citizens. The main purpose of the public audit is to verify the legality, transparency, and, consequently, the efficiency of the activities of the State bodies interacting with civil society which expects such an efficiency. Given this definition, it can be assumed that public audit is a financial instrument for detecting violations, which, in turn, through amendments and recommendations can improve the State administration at all levels, influence the development of institutional structures, achieve a new level of development of social values, optimize the management of the State resources for the benefit of the community.
The Epistemology of Strategic Management of the Development of Pre-Trial Investigation Bodies
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman, Garafonova O. I. , Giulmagomedov D. O. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman
Published: December 2021

Strategic management of development is crucial to the organization’s existence in a competitive environment in the long run. Continuous development enables organizations to adapt to the changes that are taking place in society, as well as to identify and develop their own strengths. Among organizations, there are those that do not operate in a competitive environment, but those are relied upon in view of important social tasks. In particular, such organizations include pre-trial investigation bodies, which are designed to ensure security along with law-and-order in society. The lack of a competitive environment for such bodies leads to the weakening of external factors – determinants of institutional development, but in terms of tasks and the role of law enforcement bodies in society, the constant development of law enforcement bodies is no less important than for business organizations. In modern management, sufficient attention is paid to the strategic administration of the development of enterprises, but the issues of strategic management of the development of pre-trial investigation bodies, taking into account the specifics of the tasks of such organizations, as well as their internal and external environment, are not paid any attention in the domestic literature, and it is paid fragmentary attention in the literature abroad. The article provides a theoretical study of epistemology of the concepts of «strategy», «strategic management» and «organizational development» in order to identify the specifics of strategic management of the development of organizations. By analyzing the normative legal acts that determine the main tasks of pre-trial investigation bodies, the strategic goals of such bodies are identified, which should be taken into account during the elaboration of their development strategy. On the basis of the presented material, the authors’ own definition of «strategic management of the development of pre-trial investigation bodies» is proposed.