bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Udogodnienia miejskie – element publicznego wymiaru zasobów mieszkaniowych
Authors: Sokołowicz Mariusz E.
Published: February 2018

W dyskusji o publicznym wymiarze zasobów mieszkaniowych ważnym elementem są miejskie udogodnienia. Stanowią one istotną część tak zwanego sąsiedztwa mieszkaniowego i są publiczne w tym sensie, że są źródłem korzyści zewnętrznych wpływających na użyteczność mieszkań i jakość zamieszkania w mieście. W konsekwencji kształtowanie miejskich udogodnień może wpływać pozytywnie na skuteczność prowadzonej polityki mieszkaniowej. Z punktu widzenia badań nad udogodnieniami miejskimi wyzwaniem pozostaje jednak stwierdzenie, które udogodnienia są pierwszoplanowe, a które drugorzędne w ocenie jakości zasobów mieszkaniowych. Ponadto w badaniach tych stosowane są nowe podejścia i narzędzia, pozwalające analizować zależności między zasobami mieszkaniowymi a udogodnieniami miejskimi. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie o wpływ udogodnień miejskich na jakość zasobów mieszkaniowych. W pierwszej kolejności podejmuje próbę wyjaśnienia pojęć „udogodnienia miejskie” i „sąsiedztwo mieszkaniowe” oraz wskazania ich kluczowych typów i cech charakterystycznych. W dalszej części artykułu zaprezentowano wyniki badania zrealizowanego w Łodzi, prezentującego czynniki satysfakcji z zamieszkania w poszczególnych częściach miasta. Wyniki te pośrednio przyczyniają się do oceny skali wpływu udogodnień miejskich na postrzeganą jakość zamieszkania, jak również potencjalną zmianę miejsca zamieszkania. Otrzymane rezultaty mają charakter inicjalny i mogą stanowić punkt wyjścia do kolejnych, pogłębionych studiów.
Rhetoric appropriateness in view of contemporary media communication and journalism
Authors: Worsowicz Monika
Published: February 2018

In the article, I present deliberations on the theme of the rhetorical category of appropriateness in the context of its original sources and contemporary media practice. Upon presenting the theory formed in line with the understanding developed in antiquity, I accept as a functional division for the purpose of the discussion the prépon/aptum (decorum) division, i.e. into the historical and literary notion, and appropriateness as a general principle of rhetorical communication to subsequently present a discussion organised on the basis of three theses: 1) The major factor defining the rhetorical model of appropriateness is the mass nature of media communication in the presence of freedom of speech, a democratic system of authority, and economic liberalism; 2) The on-going presence of disputes regarding the appropriateness of public behaviour is a manifestation not as much of its norm-building potential as of the functional approach – of senders, participants of the reported events, and message receivers – towards media communication, which inevitably results in a distinct over-representation of messages the content of which applies to the manifestations of inappropriateness; 3) The appropriateness principle is associated with the difficult task for the receiver to understand her/his role in the world of the media, and its various consequences. I posit that the principle does, in fact, indicate certain criteria which can become a basis for classifying specific messages as those which do or do not meet the requirements of rhetorical tact, yet it does not enable one to define an a priori applicable borderline between appropriateness and inappropriateness in contemporary media. Therefore, it seems that the settlement of any doubts and dilemmas associated with appropriateness ought to be founded on a good upbringing-based social stance and a system of values, i.e. maturity achieved regardless of the influence of the media.
Çizgi Filmlerin Kültür Aktarımındaki Rolü ve Hayao Miyazaki Çizgi Filmleri
Authors: Kamacıoğlu Büşra
Published: February 2018

Günümüzde
canlandırma sineması, geçmişten gelen anlatıları ve kültürleri günümüze taşıyan
en önemli görsel unsurlardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bunun en önemli
örneği Batı'da Walt Disney ve Doğu'da Ghibli Stüdyolarıdır. Ghibli
Stüdyolarının kurucularından olan Hayao Miyazaki, dünya sineması tarihine
geçen hayal dünyası geniş en büyük yönetmenlerden biridir. Anime çizim tarzını
tüm dünyaya tanıtan ve sevdiren bir üstattır. Yaptığı filmlerde Japon ve anime
kültürünü tüm dünyaya tanıtmakla birlikte, aynı zamanda evrensel mesajlar da
vermektedir.

Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı; çizgi filmler
aracılığı ile kültürel aktarımın önemini vurgulamak ve Miyazaki filmlerinde
bulunan kültürel öğeler ile bunun örneklerini incelemektir.
Yeni Medya Sanatı ve Fotoğraf
Authors: Özel Sağlamtimur Zuhal
Published: February 2018

Bir iletişim ve sanat aracı olarak yeni medya içerisinde yer alan fotoğraf, bilgisayar,

internet, cep telefonu, Ipad vb. yeni medya teknolojileri ile yaratılan, genellikle interaktif

kullanıcı geribildirimi ve yaratıcı katılımı içeren çalışmaları ifade etmektedir. Bu bağlamda

yeni medyanın gelişimi ile birlikte, sanatçıların/fotoğraf sanatçılarının çalışmalarında

teknik ve içeriksel farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. 2000’lerden günümüze dek olan gelişimin

irdelendiği bu makalede, yeni medya sanatı ve fotoğrafçılığın karakteristikleri ve

kategorizasyonu ele alınmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yeni medyada yer alan fotoğrafların

kavramsal ve kuramsal olarak nasıl anlamlandırılabildiği incelenmektedir. 
“Carga de diazepam”: ¿puede una estrategia para prevenir abstinencia al alcohol usarse con éxito para tratar la dependencia a benzodiacepinas?
Authors: Oliveras Clara , Fortea Adriana , Espinosa Laura , Barrio Pablo , Lligoña Anna , Balcells-Olivero Mercè
Published: February 2018

Las benzodiacepinas se usan para tratar la abstinencia alcohólica siguiendo varias estrategias: dosis descendiente, dosis de carga, tratamiento en función de sintomatología. La carga de diazepam ha demostrado ser un tratamiento válido para la abstinencia alcohólica en ensayos controlados aleatorizados. Tras una búsqueda bibliográfica no sistemática, no hemos encontrado antecedentes en la literatura de una estrategia de carga de diazepam sin posterior administración de benzodiacepinas para el tratamiento de la abstinencia a éstas. Describimos el caso de una desintoxicación de benzodiacepinas utilizando una situación preestablecida de carga de diazepam. La paciente tenía una larga historia de dependencia a benzodiazepinas que se había tratado previamente con escaso éxito con dosis descendiente de clonazepam. El día anterior al ingreso hospitalario, realizó sobreingesta de unos 200 mg de diazepam con finalidad suicida. Se decidió utilizar una estrategia de carga de diazepam para tratar el síndrome abstinencial. Así, no se administraron posteriores dosis de benzodiacepinas, considerando la sobreingesta de 200 mg de diazepam como dosis de carga única. En esta experiencia, la carga de diazepam resultó ser una estrategia válida y rápida para tratar una dependencia a las benzodiacepinas resistente. Los trastornos por uso de benzodiacepinas son un relevante problema de salud pública, en contraste con los escasos avances obtenidos en su tratamiento. Tal vez valdría la pena empezar por revisar y actualizar antiguas estrategias.
Chemsex: ¿estamos preparados?
Authors: Redondo Domínguez David , Picazo Luis , Docavo Barrenechea-Moxo María Luisa , González del Castillo Juan
Published: February 2018

Hemos leído con gran interés el artículo publicado por Dolengevich-Segal (Dolengevich-Segal et al., 2017) donde se hace una interesante revisión sobre un fenómeno emergente como es el chemsex, y las diferentes drogas que se utilizan en este tipo de prácticas. Nos gustaría poner de manifiesto la importancia y utilidad de la publicación, por el progresivo incremento en la prevalencia del consumo de drogas en el contexto de la actividad sexual en hombres que mantienen sexo con hombres (HSH) en Europa Occidental (Fernández-Dávila et al,. 2016). Esto conduce a la necesidad de poner en marcha estudios epidemiológicos que evalúen el fenómeno, pero no solo desde el punto de vista de salud mental, sino también desde el campo de las enfermedades infecciosas y de la toxicología. No debemos olvidar que este tipo de prácticas suponen un incremento en el riesgo de infección por enfermedades de transmisión sexual y los problemas desde el punto de vista toxicológico al que pueden dar lugar el consumo de drogas. Ambos constituyen motivos de consulta en los servicios de urgencias (SU), donde debería incrementarse la formación necesaria para abordar los problemas derivados del chemsex.
Development and validation of the alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire Short Form (EQ-SF)
Authors: Mezquita Laura , Camacho Laura , Suso-Ribera Carlos , Ortet Generós , Ibáñez Manuel I.
Published: February 2018

Alcohol expectancies are proximal variables to alcohol use and misuse. In recent decades, different measures have been developed to assess this construct. One of the most frequently used and recommended instruments is the Expectancy Questionnaire (EQ; Leigh y Stacy, 1993). Our aim is to develop a short version of the EQ (EQ-SF) for suitable use in time-limited administrations. Two samples, adolescents (N = 514, 57.20% females) and adults (N = 548, 61.50% females), completed the EQ together with alcohol-use measures. Different item selection strategies were applied to select the 24 items. The EQ-SF structure was explored using confirmatory factor analysis, and measurement invariance was tested running a multi-group analysis comparing groups by sex and age. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha and omega coefficients. Concurrent validity was investigated with regression analyses. The EQ-SF showed acceptable between-groups measurement invariance. Alphas and omegas ranged from .77 to .93. Positive expectancies predicted both alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Negative expectancies predicted alcohol-related problems. Sex and age moderated these associations. Males with high positive alcohol expectancies showed higher alcohol consumption than females, while adults with high negative alcohol expectancies showed greater alcohol-related problems than adolescents. Different evidence on the validity and reliability of the EQ-SF suggest that it is a suitable instrument to assess alcohol expectancies in the Spanish population.
Individual and contextual factors related to binge drinking among adolescents in Spain: a multilevel approach
Authors: Teixidó-Compañó Ester , Sordo Luis , Bosque-Prous Marina , Puigcorbé Susanna , Barrio Gregorio , Brugal M. Teresa , Belza María José J. , Espelt Albert
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of binge drinking by regions in Spain and assess the effect of individual and contextual factors related to this drinking pattern in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed with data from the 2014 Spanish School Survey on Drug Use (ESTUDES) in students aged 14-18 years (N = 34,259). The outcome was binge drinking in adolescents during the last 30 days. Individual independent variables were socioeconomic variables and variables related to access to alcohol and its availability. Contextual variables consisted of adult alcohol consumption, public policies on alcohol, and socioeconomic factors. Multilevel Poisson regression models with robust variance were estimated, obtaining prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals.  The results showed that the prevalence of youth binge drinking by region of residence was similar for both sexes (r = 0.72). At the individual level, binge drinking was mainly associated with the perception of easy access to alcohol (PR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.23-1.55), consumption in open areas [(PR: 3.82; 95% CI: 3.44-4.24) < once a month and (PR: 6.57; 95% CI: 5.85-7.37) ≥ once a month], at least one parent allowing alcohol consumption (PR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.37-1.47), and receiving >30 euros weekly (PR :1.51; 95% CI: 1.37-1.67). Contextual variables were not associated with youth binge drinking when individual variables were considered. In conclusion, youth binge drinking was associated with individual variables related to high alcohol accessibility and availability, regardless of contextual variables. These variables explained the variability in binge drinking among Spanish regions.
Surface-Modified Nanocarriers for Nose-To-Brain Delivery: From Bioadhesion to Targeting
Authors: Sonvico Fabio , Clementino Adryana Rocha , Buttini Francesca , Colombo Gaia , Pescina Silvia , Stanisçuaski Guterres Silvia , Raffin Pohlmann Adriana , Nicoli Sara
Published: February 2018

In the field of nasal delivery, one of the most fascinating applications is the delivery of drugs directly to the central nervous system bypassing the blood brain barrier. This approach would provide a series of benefits, such as dose lowering and direct targeting of potent drugs, ultimately reducing their systemic side effects. Recently, clinical trials have explored the nasal administration of insulin for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, with promising results. The use of nanomedicines could provide further options for making nose-to-brain delivery reality. In particular, apart from the selection of devices able to deposit the formulation in the upper part of the nose, surface modification of these nanomedicines appears the key strategy to optimize the delivery of drugs from the nasal cavity to the brain. In this review, nanomedicines delivery approaches based on surface electrostatic charges, mucoadhesive polymers, as well as chemical moieties targeting nasal epithelium, will be discussed and critically evaluated for nose-to-brain delivery.
Uniform Heating and Cooling of a Hollow Disc with Internal Water Channels
Authors: Adamek Karel
Published: February 2018

The paper deals with practical problem of uniform temperature of heated or cooled disc mass. It presents the influence of thermal insulation and of inlets/outlets positioning on temperature uniformity and on total energy consumption during working cycle. Together with essential balances of mass and energy there is used the method of flow numerical simulation. Results can be used for increasing of both productivity and thermal effectivity of observed equipment.
A Semianalytical Model for Horizontal-Well Productivity With Pressure Drop Along the Wellbore
Authors: Luo Wanjing , Tang Changfu , Feng Yin
Published: February 2018

This study aims to develop a semianalytical model to calculate the productivity index (PI) of a horizontal well with pressure drop along the wellbore. It has been indicated that by introducing novel definitions of horizontal-well permeability and conductivity, the equation of fluid flow along a horizontal well with pressure drop has the same form as the one for fluid flow in a varying-conductivity fracture. Thus, the varying-conductivity-fracture model and PI model can be used to obtain the PI of a horizontal well. Results indicate that the PI of a horizontal well depends on the interaction between horizontal-well conductivity, penetration ratio, and Reynolds number. New type curves of the penetration ratios with various combinations of parameters have been presented. A complete-penetration zone and a partial-penetration zone can be identified on the type curves. Based on the type curves, two examples have also been presented to illustrate the advantages of this work in optimizing parameters of horizontal wells.
Cisto aracnoide: relato de caso
Authors: Costa Thalles Ferreira , Faria Laís Figueiredo , Simonato Luciana Estevam , Paiva Gabriel Pina
Published: February 2018

Este trabalho tem o propósito de descrever um relato de caso clínico onde foram utilizados os seguintes exames de imagem: tomografia computadorizada do crânio e ressonância magnética do crânio, para detecção de um cisto aracnóide localizado na topografia da cisterna magna à esquerda. A solicitação para os exames ocorreu devido a sintomas secundários apresentados pelo paciente, porém, foi encontrada tal formação ovalada e assim, foi realizada pesquisa com mais objetivo e atenção.  O relato do caso tem como intuito facilitar o diagnóstico da situação clínica, além de discernir quando é necessário o tratamento, visto que a descrição do caso clínico somado aos registros fotográficos podem fornecer referências das características satisfatórias atingidas, além do prognóstico. Por meio deste caso busca-se familiarizar a comunidade médica com os possíveis achados de cisto aracnoide em pacientes com sintomas previamente caracterizados como de pouca importância.Descritores: Cistos Aracnoideos; Diagnóstico; Diagnóstico por Imagem.
O surto de Zika vírus: produção científica após Declaração de Emergência Nacional em Saúde Pública
Authors: Freitas Paula de Souza Silva , Bussinger Elda Coelho de Azevedo , Lacerda Larissa Carolina Xavier , Soares Gabriella Barreto , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: February 2018

Introdução: Em 2015 houve um aumento dramático da infecção por Zika vírus nas Américas, sendo o Brasil o país mais afetado, com estimativa média de 1,5 milhão de casos de infecção pelo vírus, isso levou ao Ministério da Saúde declarar situação de emergência nacional. Objetivo: Identificar o que foi produzido no campo científico sobre a infecção do Zika vírus após a declaração de emergência em saúde pública de importância nacional. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com artigos publicados após a declaração de emergência nacional em saúde pública, nas bases de dados eletrônicas disponíveis na Biblioteca Regional de Medicina. Os descritores utilizados foram Zika vírus e Infecção pelo Zika, resultando em 428 publicações, mas com aplicação dos critérios de inclusão reduziram-se para 40 estudos. Desse total, foram eleitos 7 artigos para serem utilizados na revisão integrativa. Resultados: Dos artigos revisados todos estavam publicados na língua inglesa, em revistas relacionadas à saúde pública e com alto fator de impacto. Quanto ao ano de publicação todos foram publicados em 2016. No que diz respeito à nacionalidade dos artigos, constatou-se que três estudos foram realizados na Polinésia Francesa, dois no Brasil, um na Colômbia e um na Eslovênia. Em relação ao tipo de delineamento de pesquisa, foram evidenciados três estudos eram ensaios clínicos, dois retrospectivos, um caso-controle e um experimental. Conclusão: Observa-se que a produção por artigos científicos após a declaração de emergência sanitária, resultou no desenvolvimento estável do interesse científico no vírus Zika e em crescimento considerável no número de publicações com o tema.Descritores: Zika Vírus; Infecção pelo Zika Vírus; Declaração de Estado de Emergência em Desastres; Saúde Pública; Microcefalia; Infecções por Arbovírus.
Developing an integrated framework to build a decision support tool for urban water management
Authors: Goharian Erfan , Burian Steven J.
Published: February 2018

This paper presents an integrated, computer-based generic framework to couple urban water related models into a decision support tool (DST) for urban-water management. The DST, built on a participatory modelling approach, enables stakeholders to analyze impacts of climate variation, population growth, and alternative management solutions ranging from centralized to distributed options. The coupling of external models, building of the DST, and execution of simulation processes is achieved by employing GoldSim, which is linked to a database management tool and a shared library. A post-processing package generates outcomes for decision makers in the form of a new criterion, the Water System Performance Index (WSPI). The application of DST is demonstrated for the water service area of the Salt Lake City Department of Public Utilities (SLCDPU). Results show that a decentralized alternative increases the reliability of the system without changing the system's vulnerability. Centralized alternative improves the overall performance of the system based on WSPI results, but decrease in performance is still noticeable under the hot and dry climate condition. Overall, the system is very sensitive to changes in climatic conditions. Results show that during droughts, supply management is not the sole solution and compulsory demand-management practices should be instigated.
Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification using pure-culture bacteria for wastewater treatment
Authors: Khanichaidecha W. , Nakaruk A. , Ratananikom K. , Eamrat R. , Kazama F.
Published: February 2018

Due to the high water demand and unsustainable water resource, wastewater reclamation and wastewater treatment prior to discharge have become current important issues. Various treatment technologies, such as biological processes, have been improved as alternatives. In this study, the biological nitrogen removal system using pure-culture Bacillus licheniformis was developed and used as an internal treatment unit in an aquarium to improve the effluent quality for water reuse. The efficiencies for NH4-N and total nitrogen (TN) removal and the quality of treated water verified the occurrence of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification; the nitrification rate was 0.84 mg/L-h and the denitrification rate was 0.62 mg/L-h. The maximal NH4-N and TN removal efficiencies were approximately 73% at the influent NH4-N of 30 mg/L. However, the other competitive heterotroph of Pseudomonas sp. was observed, which resulted in dramatically decreasing efficiencies and an enlarged ratio of carbon consumption and nitrogen removal. Although the overall performance of the B. licheniformis system was lower than the system using mixed-culture nitrifying and heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms, the advantages of the B. licheniformis system were ease of operation and the fact that it is a land-limited treatment system. The research is ongoing to enhance performance and maintain excellent efficiency in a long-term operation.
Efficient photolytic degradation of disinfection by-products by using a high photon flux UV system: monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid
Authors: Li Ting , Zhang Qian , Li Chaolin , Ai Weidang , Zhang Liangchang
Published: February 2018

Photon UV irradiation is promising for organic pollutant decomposition, such as disinfection by-products (DBPs). However, due to the photostability and high water solubility, chloroacetic acids (CAAs) decomposition using routine UV photolysis is very slow. The present study employed a high photon flux UV (3.13 × 104 μmol m−2 s−1) system to investigate its feasibility and suitability for enhancing CAAs (MCAA, DCAA and TCAA) decomposition. The results showed that increasing UV photon flux accelerated the photolysis remarkably. Under the condition of high UV photon flux 3.13 × 104 μmol m−2 s−1, almost complete degradation of 20 mg L−1 MCAA, 20 mg L−1 DCAA, and 20 mg L−1 TCAA in a mixed solution can be achieved within 50, 30 and 25 min, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, efficient photolytic degradation of CAAs in such short time has not been reported. The pseudo-first-order rate constant (kobs) steadily increases with the increasing of UV intensity, indicating that the utilization of light energy is efficient. In addition, the variation of pH from 3.2 to 9.0 showed minor effect on CAAs decomposition in this present studied system. The outcome of this study would be helpful for future employment of high photon flux UV systems for those photolytic resistant pollutants' decomposition.
Öğretmenlik Uygulaması Alan Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Sınıfta Kullandıkları Beden Dilinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Sadioğlu Ömür
Published: February 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı sınıf öğretmeni
adaylarının Öğretmenlik Uygulaması dersinde kullandıkları beden dilini
incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının (16 kız, 4
erkek) Öğretmenlik Uygulaması kapsamında ders anlatırken video çekmeleri
istenmiş, bu videolar araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Beden Dili Kriterleri
Formu doğrultusunda analiz edilmiştir. Doküman incelemesi yoluyla toplanan
veriler, belirlenen kriterler çerçevesinde betimlenmeye çalışılmış, ayrıca
araştırmada videoların analizi sürecinde sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının
kullandıkları beden dillerine ait frekans ve yüzde değerlerle birlikte
araştırmacı tarafından tutulan notlardan doğrudan alıntılara da yer
verilmiştir.  Araştırmanın güvenirlik
çalışması için random yoluyla seçilen 10 video başka bir araştırmacı tarafından
izlenerek, beden dili kriterleri formunun doldurulması sağlanarak araştırmanın
güvenirliği hesaplaması yapılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamada elde edilen % 86’ lık
oran, araştırma için güvenilir kabul edilmiştir.  Sonuç olarak yapılan bu araştırmada sınıf
öğretmeni adaylarının öğrenciyi dinleme, öğrenciye yönelme ve anlayışlı
gülümseme gibi olumlu beden dili kullandıkları gibi, elleri göğüs hizasında
kavuşturmak, küçük ve dar alanlı el kol hareketleri gibi güvensiz olduklarına
dair mesajlar ileten ya da öğrencilerle göz hizasında iletişim kurmamak, göz
temasında bulunmamak, tek bir yöndeki öğrenciye ders anlatmak gibi sınırlı
iletişim mesajları veren beden dili kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu
sonuçlar sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının beden dilinin kullanımına yönelik
bilgilendirilmeleri gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.
Kayıp Veriler Yerine Yaklaşık Değer Atamak için Kullanılan Gelişmiş Yöntemlerin Farklı Koşullar Altında Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Çüm Sait , Demir Elif Kübra , Gelbal Selahattin , Kışla Tarık
Published: February 2018

Bu araştırmada, farklı oranlarda
(%15 ve %25) ve yapılarda (TROK ve ROK) oluşturulan kayıp veriler yerine farklı
yöntemlerle yaklaşık değer atanması sonucu elde edilen veri setlerinin tam veri
setleriyle karşılaştırılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin
toplandığı grup, PISA’ya (2012) Türkiye’den katılan 15 yaş grubundaki 4848
öğrenci arasından matematik özyeterliği anketine katılan ve eksiksiz bir
şekilde yanıtlayan 3129 öğrencinin puanlarından oluşan veri seti üzerinde
yürütülmüştür. Söz konusu veri seti içerisinden farklı yapılar oluşturulacak
şekilde farklı oranlarda veri silinerek eksik veri setleri oluşturulmuştur. Bu eksik
veri setleri BM, BVA, ESE, MUA, MZMC ve RA olmak üzere altı farklı gelişmiş
değer atama yöntemiyle tamamlanmıştır. Söz
konusu yöntemlerle yapılan yaklaşık değer atamaları sonucu elde edilen ölçek
puanları ile tam veri ölçek puanları arasındaki korelasyon değerlerinin yüksek
olduğu görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde farklı yöntemlerle tamamlanmış veri
setlerinden elde edilen ölçek puanları arasındaki korelasyon değerleri de
yüksek bulunmuştur. Tam veri seti ile tamamlanmış veri
setlerinden hesaplanan ölçek puanları arası farkların mutlak değer toplamları
ve ortalamaları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda belirlenen
koşullar altında en iyi çalışan yaklaşık değer atama yöntemlerinin MZMC ve BM
olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Pengaruh metode latihan (resiprokal dan inklusi) persepsi kinestetik terhadap teknik overhead lob forehand bulu tangkis
Authors: Tamim Muhammad Husni
Published: February 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh metode latihan resiprokal dan inklusi terhadap peningkatan teknik overhead lob forehand pada bulu tangkis. (2) Perbedaan keterampilan teknik overhead lob forehand bulu tangkis pada persepsi kinestetik tinggi dan persepsi kinestetik rendah. (3) Pengaruh interaksi antara metode latihan (resiprokal dan inklusi) dan persepsi kinestetik terhadap peningkatan teknik overhead lob forehand pada bulu tangkis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen faktorial. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan uji normalitas (Kolmogorov Smirnov) dan uji homogenitas (Levene) signifikansi a = 0.05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan pengaruh antara metode latihan resiprokal dan inklusi terhadap keterampilan teknik overhead lob forehand pada bulu tangkis, (2) ada perbedaan antara keterampilan teknik overhead lob forehan bulu tangkis pada persepsi kinestetik tinggi dan persepsi kinestetik rendah, (3) tidak ada interaksi antara metode latihan (resiprokal dan inklusi) dan persepsi kinestetik terhadap keterampilan teknik overhead lob forehand pada bulu tangkis.Kata Kunci: metode latihan resiprokal dan inklusi, persepsi kinestetik, dan peningkatan teknik overhead lob forehand pada bulu tangkis The Effect of Training Method (Reciprocal and Inclusion) and Kinesthetic Perception on the Improvement of Overhead Lob Forehand in Badminton AbstractThe objectives of this research are to know: (1) the effect difference of reciprocal and inclusion teaching methods on technique improvement of overhead lob forehand in badminton, (2) the difference of overhead lob forehand technique skill in badminton in high kinesthetic perception and low kinesthetic perception, and (3) the interaction effect of training method (reciprocal and inclusion) and kinesthetic perception on technique improvement of overhead lob forehand in Badminton. The research employed factorial experiment research design. The data analysis techniques used were normality test (Kolmogorov Smirnov) and homogeneitytest (Levene) with the significance of a = 0.05 The result of this research shows that: (1) there are significant effect differences between reciprocal and inclusion training method on overhead lob forehand technique skill in Badminton, (2) there are significant differences between technique skill of badminton overhead lob forehand on high kinesthetic perception and low kinesthetic perception, and (3) there is no significant interaction between training method (reciprocal and inclusion) and kinesthetic perception on overhead lob forehand technique skill in Badminton.Keyword: reciprocal and inclusion training method, kinesthetic perception, and overhead lob forehand improvement technique in badminton
Pengembangan model pembelajaran pengenalan teknik dasar tenis meja untuk siswa SD kelas atas
Authors: Purwanto Danang Dwi , Suharjana Suharjana
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan model pembelajaran pengenalan teknik dasar tenis meja untuk siswa sekolah dasar kelas atas. Model yang dikembangkan adalah teknik forehand dan backhand yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik siswa SD kelas atas. Model pengenalan teknik dasar tenis meja bertujuan agar digunakan guru dalam penyelenggaraan kegiatan belajar mengajar tenis meja untuk siswa SD kelas atas. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua tahapan yaitu tahap penelitian pendahuluan dan tahap pengembangan. Hasil penelitian berupa pengembangan model pembelajaran pengenalan teknik dasar tenis meja terdiri atas: (1) teknik dasar peganggan, (2) kontrol bola dan (3) teknik dasar memantulkan bola. Model disusun dalam buku panduan berjudul ”pengembangan model pembelajaran pengenalan teknik dasar tenis meja siswa SD kelas atas”. Berdasarkan penilaian para ahli materi dan guru disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan model pembelajaran pengenalan teknik dasar tenis meja untuk siswa SD kelas atas layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran tenis meja untuk siswa SD kelas atas.Kata Kunci: model, pengenalan, tenis meja, SD kelas atas Developing a Learning Model of Introduction to Table Tennis Basic Techniques for Elementary School Upper Class Students AbstractThis research aims to produce a model of the introduction to the basic techniques of learning table tennis for elementary school upper class students. The model are developed covering forehand and backhand table tennis, that adapted characteristics of elementary school upper class students. Introduction to the basic model of table tennis techniques was used by the teacher in teaching and learning activities of upper grade students. The development of research carried out by adapting the steps of research development consisting of two stages: preliminary research stage and development stage. The results of the research are a development learning model of the introduction to basic techniques of table tennis consisting of: (1) grip basic technique, (2) Ball control basic technique, and (3) Hit ball basic technique. Models arranged in a handbook entitled "Introduction to basic engineering models of table tennis". Based on the assessment of matter experts and teachers, it can be concluded that the model of learning the basic techniques of table tennis for upper classes is with the curriculum. The model of introduction to basic techniques can develop in learning table tennis for upper grade elementary school students.
Improving Shared Decision Making Between Patients and Clinicians: Design and Development of a Virtual Patient Simulation Tool (Preprint)
Authors: Jacklin Simon , Maskrey Neal , Chapman Stephen
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Shared decision making (SDM) involves the formation of a collaborative partnership between the patient and clinician combining both of their expertise in order to benefit decision making. In order for clinicians to be able to carry out this skilled task, they require practice. Virtual reality, in the form of a virtual patient, could offer a potential method of facilitating this.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to create a virtual patient that simulated a primary care consultation, affording the opportunity to practice SDM. A second aim was to involve patients in the design of a virtual patient simulation and report the process of the design.

METHODS

We employed a multistep design process drawing on patient and expert involvement.

RESULTS

A virtual patient, following a narrative style, was built, which allows a user to practice and receive feedback; both clinical and communication skills are required for the simulation. The patient group provided multiple insights, which the academic team had overlooked. They pertained mostly to issues concerning the patient experience.

CONCLUSIONS

It is possible to design a virtual patient that allows a learner to practice their ability to conduct SDM. Patient input into the design of virtual patient simulations can be a worthwhile activity.
User-driven comments on a Facebook advertisement recruiting Canadian parents in a study on immunization: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Tustin Jordan , Crowcroft Natasha Sarah , Gesink Dionne , Johnson Ian , Keelan Jennifer , Lachapelle Barbara
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

More people are searching for immunization information online and potentially being exposed to misinformation and anti-vaccine sentiment via content and discussions on social media platforms. As vaccination coverage rates remain sub-optimal in several developed countries, and outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases [VPDs] become more prevalent, it is important that we build on previous research by analyzing themes in online vaccination discussions, including those that individuals may see without actively searching for information on immunization.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to explore the sentiments and themes behind an unsolicited debate on immunization in order to better inform public health interventions countering anti-vaccine sentiment.

METHODS

We analyzed and quantified 117 user-driven open-ended comments on immunization posted in the ‘Comments’ section of a Facebook advertisement that targeted Canadian parents for recruitment into a larger study on immunization. Two raters coded all comments using content analysis.

RESULTS

Out of 117 comments, 85 were unique commentators with the majority being female (76.5%, [103/117]). Most of the immunization comments were positive (43.6%, [51/117]), followed by negative (35.0%, [41/117]), ambiguous (17.1%, [20/117]), and hesitant (4.3%, [5/117]). Inaccurate knowledge (20.8%, [27/130]) and misperceptions of risk (18%, [23/130]) were most prevalent in the 130 non-positive comments. Other claims included distrust of pharmaceutical/government (13.8%, [18/130]), distrust of the health care system/providers (11.5%, [15/130]) and past negative experiences with vaccination or beliefs (7.7% [10/130]), and attitudes about health and prevention (7.7% [10/130]). Almost 40% (29/74) of the positive comments communicated the risks of not vaccinating, followed by judgments on the knowledge level of non-vaccinators (18%, [13/74]). Ten positive comments (14%, [10/74]) specifically refuted the link between autism and immunization.

CONCLUSIONS

The large number of unsolicited user-driven comments on a platform not intended for discussion nor providing any information on immunization, illustrates the strong sentiments associated with immunization, and the arbitrariness of the online platforms used for immunization debates. Health authorities should be more pro-active in refuting misinformation and misperceptions currently propagating uncontested online. Online debates and communications on immunization need to be identified by continuous monitoring in order for health authorities to understand the current themes and trends, and to engage in the discussion.
A Liftless Intervention to Prevent Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight Among Pregnant Ghanaian Women: Protocol of a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Kwegyir-Afful Emma , Verbeek Jos , Aziato Lydia , Seffah Joseph D. , Räsänen Kimmo
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Every year, 20 million babies are born with low birthweight (LBW), about 96% of which occur in low-income countries. Despite the associated dangers, in about 40%-50% of PTB and LBW cases, the causes remain unexplained. Existing evidence is inconclusive as to whether occupational physical activities such as heavy lifting are implicated. African women bear the transport burden of accessing basic needs for their families. Ghana’s PTB rate is 14.5%, whereas the global average is 9.6%. The proposed liftless intervention aims to decrease lifting exposure during pregnancy among Ghanaian women. We hypothesize that a reduction in heavy lifting among pregnant women in Ghana will increase gestational age and birthweight.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of the liftless intervention on the incidence of PTB and LBW among pregnant Ghanaian women.

METHODS

A cohort stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial in 10 antenatal clinics will be carried out in Ghana. A total of 1000 pregnant participants will be recruited for a 60-week period. To be eligible, the participant should have a singleton pregnancy between 12 and 16 weeks gestation, be attending any of the 10 antenatal clinics, and be exposed to heavy lifting. All participants will receive standard antenatal care within the control phase; by random allocation, two clusters will transit into the intervention phase. The midwife-led 3-component liftless intervention consists of health education, a take-home reminder card mimicking the colors of a traffic light, and a shopping voucher. The primary outcome are gestational ages of <28, 28-32, and 33-37 weeks. The secondary outcomes are LBW (preterm LBW, term but LBW, and postterm), compliance, prevalence of low back and pelvic pain, and premature uterine contractions. Study midwives and participants will not be blinded to the treatment allocation.

RESULTS

Permission to conduct the study at all 10 antenatal clinics has been granted by the Ghana Health Service. Application for funding to begin the trial is ongoing. Findings from the main trial are expected to be published by the end of 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

To the best of our knowledge, there has been no randomized trial of this nature in Ghana. Minimizing heavy lifting among pregnant African women can reduce the soaring rates of PTB and LBW. The findings will increase the knowledge of the prevention of PTB and LBW worldwide.

CLINICALTRIAL

Pan African Clinical Trial Register (PACTR201602001301205); http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/ Trial2.aspx?TrialID=PACTR201602001301205 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71TCYkHzu)

REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER

RR1-10.2196/10095
American Heart Association’s Cholesterol CarePlan as a Smartphone-Delivered Web App for Patients Prescribed Cholesterol-Lowering Medication: Protocol for an Observational Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Woringer Maria , Dharmayat Kanika I , Greenfield Geva , Bottle Alex , Ray Kausik K.
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Adoption of healthy lifestyle and compliance with cholesterol-lowering medication reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The use of digital tools and mobile technology may be important for sustaining positive behavioral change.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of administering the Cholesterol CarePlan Web app developed by the American Heart Association aimed at improving lifestyle and medication adherence among patients prescribed cholesterol-lowering medication. The secondary objective is to assess the Web app’s efficacy.

METHODS

A prospective, observational feasibility study will be conducted to demonstrate whether the Web app may be successfully taken up by patients and will be associated with improved clinical and behavioral outcomes. The study will aim to recruit 180 study participants being prescribed cholesterol-lowering medication for at least 30 days across 14 general practices in London, England. Potentially eligible patients will be invited to use the Web app on a smartphone and visit general practice for three 20-minute clinical assessments of blood pressure, height, weight, smoking, and nonfasting cholesterol over 24 weeks. The feasibility of administering the Web app will be judged by recruitment and dropout statistics and the sociodemographic and comorbidity profile of consenting study participants, consenting nonparticipants, and all potentially eligible patients. Acceptability will be assessed using patients’ readiness to embrace new technologies, the usability of the Web app, and patient satisfaction. The efficacy of the Web app will be assessed by changes in medication adherence and clinical risk factors by levels of the Web app compliance.

RESULTS

This study is currently funded by the American Heart Association. Initial study recruitment will take place between February and July 2018 followed by patient follow-up. Patient level data will be obtained in January 2019. Data analysis will be completed by February 2019. Results will be submitted for publication in March 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

The potential of an app to improve patients’ lifestyle and management of cholesterol may inform the design of a randomized controlled trial and the delivery of more effective CVD prevention programs.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

PRR1-10.2196/9017
Internet of Things Buttons for Real-time Notifications in Hospital Operations (Preprint)
Authors: Chai Peter Ray , Zhang Haipeng , Baugh Christopher W , Jambaulikar Guruprasad D , McCabe Jonathan C , Gorman Janet M , Boyer Edward W , Landman Adam
Published: February 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

Hospital staff frequently perform the same process hundreds to thousands of times a day. Customizable Internet of Things (IoT) buttons, small, wirelessly-enabled devices that trigger specific actions with the press of an integrated button, and have the potential to automate some of these repetitive tasks. In addition, IoT buttons generate logs of triggered events that can be used for future process improvement. Although IoT buttons have seen some success as consumer products, little has been reported on their application in hospital systems. We discuss potential hospital applications categorized by the intended user group (patient or hospital staff). In addition, we examine key technological considerations, including network connectivity, security, and button management systems. In order to meaningfully deploy IoT buttons in a hospital system, we propose an implementation framework grounded in the Plan-Do-Study-Act method. Overall, IoT buttons have significant promise; future rigorous evaluation is needed to determine the impact of IoT buttons in real-world healthcare settings.
Pluralidad y lagunas jurídicas en ecoleyes relacionadas con áreas naturales protegidas de competencia estatal en México
Authors: Castro Salazar Jesús Ignacio , Tovar Cabañas Rodrigo
Published: February 2018

En este artículo se diserta sobre la pluralidad y las lagunas jurídicas en las áreas naturales protegidas en México, por considerarlas un instrumento de conservación clave para cientos de especies y ecosistemas. El estudio se realizó a escala nacional con base en la legislación vigente hasta finales de 2015, con el objetivo de identificar las lagunas legales relacionadas con dichas áreas; primero se presenta el estado del arte y el enfoque teórico-conceptual que guió al estudio, y luego se describe la metodología empleada, basada principalmente en análisis de contenido. También se muestran los resultados y las discusiones sobre la pluralidad de las leyes en la materia, y además las lagunas existentes en ellas. Entre los primeros destaca que, a pesar de que en casi todos los estados hay áreas naturales protegidas, la mayoría no cuenta con leyes para su regulación, y también sobresale que muchas autorizan el autoconsumo, aunque no lo definen.
Photoelectrochemical solar water splitting: From basic principles to advanced devices
Authors: Alfaifi Bandar Y. , Ullah Habib , Alfaifi Sulaiman , Tahir Asif A. , Mallick Tapas K.
Published: February 2018

Photoelectrochemical water splitting (PEC) offers a promising path for sustainable generation of hydrogen fuel. However, improving solar fuel water splitting efficiency facing tremendous challenges, due to the energy loss related to fast recombination of the photogenerated charge carriers, electrode degradation, as well as limited light harvesting. This review focuses on the brief introduction of basic fundamental of PEC water splitting and the concept of various types of water splitting approaches. Numerous engineering strategies for the investgating of the higher efficiency of the PEC, including charge separation, light harvesting, and co-catalysts doping, have been discussed. Moreover, recent remarkable progress and developments for PEC water splitting with some promising materials are discussed. Recent advanced applications of PEC are also reviewed. Finally, the review concludes with a summary and future outlook of this hot field.
The necessity of a professional mediation in educational settings
Authors: Breuer Jan , Buchmann Ulrike
Published: February 2018

Society is based on human participation in society and the individual’s understanding of the same. Discussing the matter of participation in society, this article focuses on the issue of the individual human being, that is – in a philosophical understanding – called Subject. The Subject is integrated in an individual social surrounding. Being able to participate in society means to learn about the society, the social surrounding, and the Subject’s internalised concept of the social surrounding. The confrontation the Subject is forced to deal with, for example by transformations of the social surrounding, is a very complex process that is called mediation. The mediation may be the key to gain a better understanding of what it means to be a Subject, of the society, and of educational processes that need to be mediated by the Subject. Therefore, the right to education means to discuss the Subject’s participation in society as well as the professional mediation in educational settings.
O direito à educação escolar para os sujeitos do campo: tutela do estado ou construção social coletiva?
Authors: Faria Edite Maria da Silva de , Moscovits Aline Batista
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a garantia e a luta pela efetivação do direito à educação às pessoas jovens, adultas e idosas do campo, titulares de direito público subjetivo, e a ausência de políticas públicas inclusivas e uma proposta pedagógica consistente. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de uma análise documental e bibliográfica, onde se busca a análise da evolução da condição dos sujeitos e da situação da Educação do Campo na Contemporaneidade. Pôde ser realizado um contraponto entre a efetividade da tutela do Estado, no que se refere a garantia do acesso à educação aos sujeitos do campo e a luta dos movimentos sociais organizados que, em razão da falta de integração entre os sistemas de ensino (do Estado e do Município), encontram dificuldades em promover o estreitamento da fronteira existente à garantia do direito humano fundamental à educação.