bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translational neurobiology of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Kalueff A. V. , Kotova M. M. , Galstyan D. S. , Kolesnikova T. O.
Published: May 2024

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a small freshwater teleost fish species that is increasingly utilized in biomedical research, particularly in neuroscience and biological psychiatry. Currently, zebrafish is the second-most utilized model organism in biomedicine globally, after mice, based on the number of animals tested each year. The model’s significance results from its experimental ease of use, affordability, conservation of fish physiology, relatively high genetic homology with humans (70%), rapid development, and potential for high-throughput bioscreening of drugs and genetic mutations.
Over the past 15 years, our laboratory has conducted extensive experimental work to establish the principles behind using zebrafish to study various brain pathologies, including acute and chronic stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as probing their molecular mechanisms. In addition, existing behavioral models to study the central nervous system (CNS) development and new data on the zebrafish’s critical role in memory research were reviewed. Furthermore, this study will illustrate the effectiveness of integrating zebrafish models with advanced biological research techniques, such as molecular biology, bioinformatics, omics technologies, and chemical biology methods. For example, adult zebrafish experiencing chronic stress exhibit behavioral affective syndromes along with changes in neurochemistry, specifically in the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the telencephalon. Moreover, alterations in the expression of genes regulating neurotransmitter receptors, glial biomarkers, cytoskeleton, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, occur in the brain.
In particular, we will focus on neuroimmune and epigenetic mechanisms of CNS pathogenesis in zebrafish models, including changes in the expression of apoptotic genes in the brain. Additionally, our own findings on using artificial intelligence (AI) systems to study zebrafish behavior after administering various neurotropic drugs, such as anxiolytics, antidepressants, psychostimulants, and hallucinogens will be presented.
In general, zebrafish is a strategic and promising model organism for translational neuroscience research, creating new models of CNS pathogenesis and finding new drugs to treat various human brain diseases. Studies of CNS pathogenesis in zebrafish are critical because of their evolutionary conservatism and ease of laboratory application, revealing novel brain disease biomarkers and potential remediation targets. Meanwhile, certain distinctive aspects of the biology and neurophysiology of zebrafish facilitate the resolution of supplementary experimental issues, thereby enhancing data and discoveries attained in typical animal models using rodents.
Spinal cord injury: pathogenetic principles of molecular and cellular therapy
Authors: Garifulin Ravil R. , Izmailov Andrei A. , Boychuk Natalia V. , Nigmetzyanova Maria V. , Valiullin Victor V.
Published: May 2024

Spinal cord injury is a prognostically unfavorable condition due to the subsequent development of primary and secondary damage to the nervous structures, leading to various disorders of motor and sensory capabilities, which is also accompanied by dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Considering the initial complexities of regeneration processes in the central nervous system, in order to select treatment tactics for patients with spinal cord injury, it is important for doctors to know the cellular basis of the pathophysiological processes occurring in the spinal cord in the acute and chronic phases after injury, including in order to adequately select cells-targets of pharmacological drugs. Existing methods of treating neurotrauma can still do little to help prevent the death of neurons and the formation of glial scars, which make it impossible for the migration of cells involved in the processes of post-traumatic remodeling of the spinal cord and become an obstacle to the sprouting of regenerating axons. Unfortunately, preventing the formation of a glial scar remains an unsolved problem in clinical practice. In addition, in the case of spinal cord injuries in the clinic, it is extremely important to provide humoral stimulation to maintain the viability of nerve structures, for example, using numerous growth factors that are well known today, which have a beneficial effect on the intracellular regeneration of neurons and other cells involved in these processes, but the methodology for their delivery into the central nervous system has only been tested in animal models. That is why there is an urgent need to develop fundamentally new approaches to the treatment of the consequences of spinal cord injury, including cellular technologies based on transplantation of stem or differentiated cells in order to restore nerve structures and secretion of growth factors, the use of genetic constructs carrying genes for neurotrophic factors that can minimize development of post-traumatic destructive processes in the central nervous system. This review is devoted to these issues.
Preterm birth: current opportunities for prediction аnd prevention
Authors: Bezhenar Vitaly F. , Ivanova Lidiia A. , Ivanov Dmitry O. , Krasnogorskaya Olga L.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: The need for resuscitation at birth depends on the gestational age — the shorter the gestational age, the more often resuscitation is required.
AIM: to determine risk factors and possible methods for preventing preterm birth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical documentation data was carried out on 12,342 women whose delivery was carried out at the Perinatal Center of the Pediatric University. The main group included 680 patients whose pregnancy ended with delivery at 22 weeks — 36 weeks 6 days, the control group included 11,662 patients whose pregnancy ended with term birth.
RESULTS: When analyzing anamnestic factors, it was found that the age of the patients at the time of registration for pregnancy in the main group was statistically significantly higher, height was statistically significantly lower, the serial number of both pregnancy and childbirth was statistically significantly higher, VI or more pregnancies, IV or more births, obesity, arterial hypertension, and a burdened obstetric history (miscarriage, premature birth) are statistically significantly more common than in the control group. In the main group of symptoms, the following are most often noted: pregnancy resulting from the use of assisted reproductive technologies, moderate and severe preeclampsia, isthmic-cervical insufficiency, abnormal indicators of the umbilical cord artery, breech presentation of the fetus. Meconium staining of amniotic fluid was 2 times more common in full-term pregnancies.
CONCLUSIONS: Ascending infection of the placenta, mycoplasma, herpetic and chlamydial choriodeciditis, sub- and decompensated chronic placental insufficiency were statistically significantly more common in premature births. Based on discriminant analysis, a model for predicting the risk of preterm birth was built.
Barriers and facilitators of completing training and implementing dementia care programs from healthcare professionals' and administrators' perspectives
Authors:   , Koeuth Sokha , Bruneau Michael L
Published: May 2024

Background: Non-pharmacologic behavior interventions have positively impacted people with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers. Evidence-based interventions such as the Tailored Activity Program (TAP) and Care of Older People in their Environment (COPE) have been tested in clinical trials and proven to improve quality of life for the PLWD and their caregiver (s). To date, no studies have qualitatively evaluated TAP and COPE in online settings and sequestered the programs' implementation efficacy for healthcare professionals' and administrators'. Using the Normalization Process Theory (NPT), we aimed to understand the barriers and facilitators of online training and delivery of TAP and COPE by healthcare professionals and administrators in nationally and internationally represented samples integrating these programs in healthcare settings. Methods: Focus groups (N=7) and individual interviews (N=8) were conducted using NPT as a guide for interviewed questions. Using the NPT constructs of coherence, cognitive participation, collective action, and reflective monitoring, we encouraged healthcare professionals and administrators to speak openly about their experiences using TAP and COPE. Healthcare providers and administrators were separated in designated subgroups to avoid any conflicts of commitment between those interviewed and their respective supervisor and/or subordinates. Results: Twenty-nine healthcare professionals (n=15) and administrators (n=14) were interviewed. Fifteen participants implemented TAP/COPE within the United States and 14 participants implemented the programs in Australia, Scotland, Italy, Chile, and/or Poland. Qualitative analyses were performed with directed content analysis. Barriers identified from these analyses identified a lack of time, staff shortages, caregiver readiness and the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic challenges as perceived challenges. Facilitating themes of TAP/COPE included organizational support, interdisciplinary team support, and tailored flexible programming components. Conclusion: Organizations seeking to implement online evidence-based programs supporting healthcare professionals and administrators' care of PLWD and their caregivers may improve the systematic uptake, adoption, and success of evidence-based programs by addressing barriers with time management, ensuring adequate staff training and coverage, and developing caregiver resources that can be used within and beyond the healthcare setting.
Innovative Team Nursing Strategy
Authors:   , Hermanson Melissa , Osborne Barbara Ruth
Published: May 2024

Effective communication and teamwork are vital skills for healthcare providers in the delivery of safe, high-quality patient care. This is especially true in the perioperative departments where teams have shared responsibilities and often communicate high-level, complex information to both colleagues and patients. Unfortunately, many providers have little experience with collaborative skill development and effective communication training. These deficits have resulted in adverse outcomes. Studies show that formal training in teamwork and communication improve quality of care and patient safety. The TeamSTEPPS® training program, is an evidence-based curriculum for healthcare providers focused on improving teamwork skills and optimizing patient outcomes. Studies on TeamSTEPPS® have mainly been conducted in large hospital environments. Few have focused on the impact of training in an outpatient setting. A quality improvement project was designed to measure perioperative nurse perceptions of teamwork and communication before and after TeamSTEPPS® training. Likert item surveys were conducted before and after project implementation, utilizing the AHRQ Survey on Patient Safety (SOPS) tool for ASCs. A comparison of pre- (n=26, M = 4.12, SD = .628) and post-implementation (n=23, M = 4.16, SD = .776) SOPS survey responses, Parts A and B, show a slight overall improvement in team perception of communication and teamwork in the ambulatory surgery center. The findings were not found to be statistically significant.
Ready? Set? Escape!
Authors:   , Beebe Samantha A , Cornelius Frances Haider
Published: May 2024

Background and literature review: As the number of fully online, asynchronous course offerings increase, educators need to embrace new approaches to engage students, increase motivation, and meet learning outcomes. Game-based activities can encourage active learning and enhance student engagement. Escape rooms are useful game-based learning activities in which students detect clues, solve puzzles, and work collaboratively to "escape" the room. Past research has shown a positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and student engagement with learning content, but most research has focused on synchronous course structures. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure intrinsic motivation of student engagement with digital escape rooms in an asynchronous college course. Methods: This study uses a posttest-only control group study design, in which the researchers collect quantitative data after exposure to a treatment. The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) is an activity-focused survey to measure student intrinsic motivation. Results: Student perception of intrinsic motivation for participating in the escape room activity was soundly positive on the four IMI subscales. Seventeen students participated, with 14 students consenting to the study. Conclusion: Escape rooms can be incorporated into asynchronous online classes and enhance student engagement. Future studies to replicate these results should be conducted and possibly expanded to assess for correlation with formal test scores, further dissection of intrinsic motivation, and inclusion of multiple course sections to widen the feasibility interpretation.
Surgical Site Infection Quality Improvement
Authors:   , Miller Rozalyn , Eastwood Abigail Jane
Published: May 2024

Surgical site infections among perioperative patients remain a problem in the United States. These infections are one of the most common in the hospitalized patient population and cost the country billions of dollars each year. This infection and the increased cost on the healthcare system compromises the delivery of high-quality care from healthcare systems across the nation. In a Philadelphia university teaching hospital, the surgical site infection rate remained low however, upon assessment of the Perioperative Department there was a noted lack of evidence support the reason for various surgical scrubbing solutions being utilized. This quality improvement project is a randomized retrospective chart review to compare closed records of patients in the operating room to patients in the electrophysiology lab as they used different surgical skin preparation products. Patients identified in the operating room used 3M Duraprep Surgical Scrubbing Solution while patients identified in the electrophysiology lab used DB Chloraprep Surgical Scrubbing Solution. An analysis of the results demonstrated that zero patients acquired surgical site infection. Additionally, 80% of operating room procedures spend one minute on surgical scrub and in the electrophysiology lab 45% of procedures spend more than three minutes on surgical scrub. In addition to increased time surgically scrubbing, the electrophysiology lab spends more money on BD Chloraprep per applicator, when compared to the 3M Duraprep applicator in the operating room. Therefore, electrophysiology technologist resources can be used in various ways when less time is spent for sterile preparation and the department can save money on product purchases. The cost savings of these findings are equal to more than $14,000 per year. Keywords: surgical site infection, Chloraprep, Duraprep, perioperative, operating room, electrophysiology lab, patient
Sepsis Teams in the Emergency Department
Authors:   , Kan Catherine , Cummings Jennifer L
Published: May 2024

Sepsis is a life-threatening response to infection that can lead to organ failure and death. Prompt identification and treatment are critical to improve morbidity and mortality. Different approaches to identifying and treating sepsis in the emergency department (ED) have been developed. A literature review sought to answer the question: For adult patients with sepsis in the emergency department, does the use of multidisciplinary sepsis teams, compared to current practice, lead to more rapid and accurate identification of septic patients, within three hours of arrival to the emergency department? Research databases were searched to uncover the best available evidence, using keywords and medical sub-headings. Articles were included for adults in the emergency room, with a focus on sepsis teams, published from 2012-2022. Each was reviewed for quality, population, sample size, conflicts of interest, research design, and applicability. A multidisciplinary approach, coupled with screening instruments and standardized communication, provides efficient and timely sepsis care, and can reduce length of stay and mortality. Based on this evidence, a quality improvement project was designed. Using a Plan, Do, Study, Act methodology, a sepsis huddle, sepsis timer, and transfer of care reminder in the electronic medical record improved the care of septic patients in the ED. Two EDs in northern California changed staff communication and work processes, which improved time to patients receiving antibiotics, and improved team communication at transfer out of the ED. Results have implications for staffing levels, inclusion of additional team members, and future research on sepsis care in the ED.
Leisure Activities that Impact the Wellness of Community-Dwelling Older Black Adults
Authors:   , Jackson-Leung Tameka , Mulhorn Kristine A
Published: May 2024

Older Black adults tend to have poorer health outcomes when compared to their non-Black peers. Poor health outcomes for aging Black populations are due to cognitive dysfunction, health conditions, behavioral health, social risks, and demographic factors (Barnes et al., 2012; Barber et al., 2016; Barnes and Bennett, 2014; Burke et al., 2018; Mace and Mansbach, 2020; Rosenberg et al., 2020; Wright et al., 2019; Yaffe et al., 2013). This pilot study explored the impact of game playing and social participation on depressive symptoms in older adults. The population for this study were community dwelling Black adults 65 years and older. Participants provided verbal consent and engaged in weekly communication via telephonic and virtual platforms to safeguard them from COVID-19 exposure. The study occurred during a 12-week period. The Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-15) was the assessment tool used at the beginning, midpoint, and end of study. The GDS-15 was administered in place of other cognitive assessments since older adults can demonstrate symptoms related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression simultaneously (Panza et al., 2010). Kang et al., (2014) suggest that pseudodementia encompasses cognitive deficits that accompany depression in older adults. Utilizing the GDS-15 allows researchers to observe depression-related concerns, which can provide critical insight into older adult wellness. Several themes were identified upon conclusion of the study. First, the impact of COVID-19 should be explored to determine COVID-19's true impact on older adults. Half of the older adults involved in this study acknowledged long-term voluntary isolation due to COVID-19. Second, participants who identified regular participation in religious activities and acknowledged strong connections with family and friends reported higher levels of satisfaction on the GDS-15 amid health challenges. Third, there may be a need for older adults to receive greater support and comprehensive intervention services following surgical procedures. Two participants expressed emotional declines and feelings of isolation following hip and spinal procedures, which are typically associated with aging. In a one-tail P value test results yielded statistical significance of .043 which demonstrated a decrease in depressive symptoms between the first and last assessment using the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-15).
Morphometric analysis of proximal femur in Indian population and its implications in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Contractor Jaikumar B , Umraniya Bhavika , Singh Praveen
Published: May 2024

Geometric understanding of the proximal end of femur is significant for functional bipedal erect posture and in pre-operative planning of osteotomy as well as the design and development of implants for THA. Moreover, the anthropological parameters of any bone are determined by genetic and environmental factors such as age, race, gender and lifestyle and this leads to racial variations in the morphological parameters of proximal end of femur owing to lifestyle, physique, applied force and their distribution in India population.

The current study was designed to study and compare the morphology of proximal end of femur in Indian population and was conducted on 94 dry human cadaveric bones of unknown age and sex to determine the morphology of the proximal end of femur.

We observed the Femur Length as 426.6 ± 15.82 mm, Femur Neck Length as 3.455 ± 0.378 mm and Neck Shaft Angle as 125.27 ± 2.54° amongst other parameters.

The findings also revealed significant variations in the morphological parameters among different populations, emphasizing the importance of considering racial diversity in the design and selection of implants for THA for improving the success and longevity of hip arthroplasty procedures.
Incomplete oblique fissure with absence of lingula, cardiac notch in left lung: A case report
Authors: Dsouza Schwetha Cheryl , Nayak Sabita , Nazmeen Silotry
Published: May 2024

: Lungs, are partitioned into distinct lobes by fissures. These anatomical fissures play a crucial role in ensuring the consistent expansion of each lobe during the process of respiration. The left lung, comprises of two main lobes: the upper lobe and the lower lobe, delineated by an oblique fissure.

We present a case of an incomplete oblique fissure, accompanied by the absence of both the lingula and the cardiac notch in the left lung of a male cadaver. This anatomical variation was discovered during a routine thoracic dissection. No structural alterations were noted at the hilum of the left lung. The Fissures and hilum on the right lung were normal.

Understanding morphological variations in fissures and lobes is useful when identifying lung lesions, planning invasive respiratory operations, and analyzing diagnostic imaging. It emphasizes the practical consequences of anatomical variation in the context of respiratory operations and imaging interpretations, highlighting the importance of incorporating it into medical teaching and practice.
A case of single fissured right lung
Authors: Galani Shivani , Kumar Sunil , Malivad Mayuri , Rathod Suresh P
Published: May 2024

Two soft, spongy lungs are located in the chest cavity on either side of the mediastinum. Tripartitions are typically observed in the right lung with oblique and horizontal fissures, and bipartitions are observed in the left lung with a single oblique fissure. Expansion of the lungs during breathing is largely helped by fissures. During undergraduate cadaveric chest dissection, we discovered and examined the right lung with a single fissure. In this case, the right lung has transitioned from trilobular to bilobular, with a single oblique fissure separating the upper and lower lobes. The left lung had a normal shape with one oblique fissure and two lobes. Lung fissures and lobar patterns are often altered due to developmental changes during the fetal period. Clinicians should be aware of these anatomical differences in the lung fissures before performing lung surgery to prevent subsequent complications.
Bilateral palmar type of persistent median artery: A case report
Authors: Banu Jahira , Dhakshnamoorthy Nithya , Sakthivel Sulochana
Published: May 2024

The persistent median artery (PMA) is an example of a supernumerary artery in the forearm. During embryonic development, the median artery regresses as the ulnar and radial arteries take over the blood supply of the forearm. Non-regression of the median artery will lead to its persistence into adulthood. We are reporting a bilateral presence of a palmar type of PMA, which was a branch of the ulnar artery, and the PMA passed through the carpal tunnel to supply the hand. On the right side, PMA pierced the median nerve in the upper forearm. In the palm, PMA did not form the superficial palmar arch. However, a communicating twig between the PMA and ulnar artery was observed on the left side. The presence of PMA could cause compression of the median nerve, leading to carpal tunnel syndrome. PMA of larger calibre could be used as a graft and in harvesting reconstructive free flap. Knowledge about these vascular variations is important in diagnosing nerve compression syndromes and avoiding unanticipated surgical complications.
Factores de riesgo de las conductas suicidas en adolescentes, revisión de la literatura
Authors: Casas Muñoz Abigail , Rodríguez-Caballero Aarón , Velasco-Rojano Ángel Eduardo , Sánchez-Olivera Karla , Molina-Valdespino Diana , García-Piña Corina Araceli
Published: May 2024

Las conductas suicidas se consideran una continuidad que van desde aspectos cognitivos: ideación suicida y planeación suicida; hasta conductuales: intento suicida y suicidio. El suicidio en adolescentes es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial y ocurre más en países en desarrollo, donde la identificación temprana se complica debido a que los recursos y servicios son escasos y limitados. En México la mortalidad por suicidios ha aumentado sostenida e ininterrumpidamente. De ahí la importancia de saber identificar los factores de riesgo en los pacientes, con enfoque en el modelo ecológico. Identificarlos oportunamente puede ayudar a prevenir su consumación y brindar un mejor tratamiento. El objetivo de esta revisión es brindar al personal de salud una revisión actualizada, sobre los factores de riesgo para las conductas suicidas en adolescentes desde el modelo ecológico.
Con esta revisión podemos concluir que la conducta suicida es un fenómeno complejo, de orden biopsicosocial, de interés mundial y creciente entre la población adolescente y joven. El modelo ecológico permite identificar y analizar los factores de riesgos para las conductas suicidas en adolescentes, desde los niveles individual, familiar, comunitario y social. Conocer estos factores de riesgo es el primer paso para identificar y prevenir el suicidio. Existen algunas diferencias de género en estos factores de riesgo, que deben considerarse para la identificación de pacientes con conductas suicidas. Un grupo que requiere más investigación, son las personas que pertenecen a las comunidades indígenas.
Estructura del Programa Nacional para la Prevención del Suicidio en México
Authors: Vazquez Alejandro , Arenas Landgrave Paulina , Tejadilla Orozco Diana Iris , Espinosa Méndez Pamela
Published: May 2024

ANTECEDENTES: Durante las últimas dos décadas las tasas de suicidio disminuyeron en todas las regiones del mundo, excepto en la región de las Américas; en México, incrementaron especialmente en el grupo de adolescentes y jóvenes. En atención a esta problemática, México ocupa el sexto lugar en la región de las Américas en desarrollar durante el 2020, un Programa Nacional para la Prevención de Suicidio (PRONAPS) que lo aborda desde una perspectiva contextual de salud pública. 
OBJETIVO: Describir la estructura del Programa Nacional para la Prevención de Suicidio en México, con base en el modelo de Redes Integradas de Servicios de Salud y el modelo escalonado de atención al riesgo suicida, Modelo Dinámico de Órdenes de Riesgo de Suicidio (MODORIS). 
RELEVANCIA: Una de las principales estrategias para la prevención del suicidio a nivel global es aumentar el acceso a los servicios de salud, el cual debe acompañarse de una atención de calidad fundamentada en el abordaje, manejo y tratamiento de la suicidalidad desde modelos con evidencia clínica, que puedan implementarse desde la comunidad hasta los servicios de salud especializados. Estas acciones se priorizan en el PRONAPS bajo cinco ejes centrales: organización y coordinación intersectorial e interinstitucional; vigilancia epidemiológica; intervención; capacitación; e investigación, para proporcionar y sostener una atención integral a las personas con riesgo suicida. Es la primera vez en el país que se estructuran e implementan estas acciones de manera articulada a nivel intersectorial, por lo que uno de los principales retos del PRONAPS es mantener su gobernanza.
Intentos de suicidio atendidos en un servicio de urgencias pediátrico, antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Casas Muñoz Abigail , Mondragón María del Carmen Obregón , Caballero Aarón Rodríguez , Rojano Ángel Eduardo Velasco , Pérez Nahomi Patricia Gallardo , Rangel Rosa Valentina Vega , Peralta Victoria Abril Agatón , González Ivanna Sofía Barrón , Ortega Diana Laura Sandoval
Published: May 2024

Antecedentes. El suicidio es un problema de salud pública. Los intentos suicidas (IS) en adolescentes aumentaron drásticamente durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
Objetivo. Identificar la frecuencia de los casos de IS atendidos en el servicio de urgencias por temporalidad (en los últimos cinco años) y describir los posibles factores de riesgo y/o posibles desencadenantes y algunas características del IS así como de la solicitud de atención.
Material y Métodos. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo de revisión de expedientes, de 2018 a 2023.
Resultados.  Se revisaron 296 expedientes con el diagnóstico de IS. El 74% fueron mujeres, 56% eran adolescentes tardíos, 43% tempranos y 1% niños. Hubo un 266% de incremento de los casos atendidos por IS durante la pandemia. Por temporalidad en el mes de enero prepandemia la cantidad de casos fue más alta y durante la pandemia disminuyó, sucedió de manera inversa para los meses de febrero, marzo, julio y septiembre. Los principales factores de riesgo y/o desencadenantes fueron: los conflictos interpersonales (64.19%), el estrés social (57.43%), la agudización de un trastorno de salud mental previo (56.08%), el antecedente de IS previo (48.31%), divorcio de los padres (31.42%) y vivir diferentes formas de violencia [psicológica (28.33%), sexual (18.92%) y por pares (16.55%)]. El horario de solicitud de atención se concentró principalmente en los turnos vespertino y nocturno (79.39%).
Conclusiones. Durante la pandemia hubo un incremento en la cantidad de casos atendidos por Intento de Suicidio en adolescentes en el servicio de urgencias y cambios en la temporalidad de presentación.
Patrones de violencia hacia las niñas en el Ecuador Estudio realizado por Plan Internacional Ecuador en colaboración con la USFQ
Authors: Viteri María Amelia
Published: May 2024

Patrones de violencia hacia las niñas en el Ecuador Estudio realizado por Plan Internacional Ecuador en colaboración con la USFQ
Fabrication and Mechanical Testing of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites Modified with Powdered Metallic Fillers
Authors: Kamath B. Ravikiran , Sudheer M. , Shetty Vidyasagar , Kothari Deepak , Prabhu Thrivikram
Published: May 2024

Composite materials made up of polymer matrix reinforced with synthetic fibers have gained popularity of late owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. However, very little work is reported to date on metals being used as filler material. Research gaps were obtained pertaining to the use of metallic fillers in synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites. This paper demonstrates an attempt to fabricate composites made of Epoxy polymer matrix and E-glass fiber reinforcement with Mild Steel in its powdered form as fillers. Composites are prepared in varying weight percentages of the filler in the order of 2 wt. %, 4 wt. % and 6 wt. %. Hand layup method is employed for fabricating these composites which are later subjected to compression. Further, the samples are machined according to ASTM D3039 standard for tensile test and ASTM D256 standard for Izod impact test. Hardness test is also performed using a Shore D Durometer and these properties are compared with the unfilled samples. The results indicated that the weight percentage of the filler clearly influenced the mechanical properties of the developed composites. This study also revealed that the hardness and tensile strength of these composites improved with the incorporation of fillers up to 2 wt. % whereas, the impact strength improved up to 4 wt. %. Thereafter, there was a decline in their impact and tensile properties. However, hardness marginally increased beyond 4 wt. %. This area is open for research with regard to their usability under tribological, high temperature or magnetic conditions.
O protocolo spikes na comunicação de más notícias em saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Girardi José Marcos , Andrade Beatriz Amélia Monteiro de , Leao Flavio Rogerio de Carvalho , Protazio Mairla Machado , Oliveira Márcia Pedrosa de , Chaves Cristianne Soares
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A competência de comunicação em saúde exigida para o cuidado está associada a melhores resultados e maiores índices de satisfação, em especial quando profissionais fornecem más notícias, que alteram negativamente a visão do paciente sobre seu futuro. O protocolo SPIKES, realizado em seis etapas, é abordagem didática relacionada ao câncer, mas tem sido usado em diversos cenários clínicos, como em doenças crônico-degenerativas e infertilidade, destacando o direito do paciente de não saber. Intervenções educacionais parecem eficazes para ensinar os educandos a lidar com esta competência. Objetivo: Identificar o papel do protocolo SPIKES na comunicação de más notícias em saúde. Metodologia: Busca bibliográfica de artigos em línguas inglesa ou portuguesa realizada no mês de agosto de 2023 nas bases eletrônicas de dados da literatura em saúde (MEDLINE e LILACS via BIREME, PUBMED, SciELO e SCOPUS), utilizando os termos “communication in health”, AND “breaking bad News” AND “SPIKES protocol”, sem limitação para o ano de publicação. Resultados: De 175 artigos incialmente identificados foram selecionados 39, excluídos aqueles que não atendiam à pesquisa, permanecendo 19 que embasaram a revisão. O protocolo SPIKES é plataforma valiosa, cujos modelos de comunicação centrados nas preferências dos pacientes podem resultar em melhores resultados de tratamento. Conclusão: Comunicação de más notícias é tarefa difícil para profissionais de saúde, para a qual a educação médica oferece pouca preparação, pois as habilidades de comunicação não são parte essencial dos currículos. O protocolo SPIKES fornece mensagem clara e compreensível de acordo com as necessidades e desejos dos pacientes.
KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)
Authors: Trần Thị Xuyến
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify ways to represent nonverbal communicative behavior of characters in literary translations from Polish to Vietnamese. The object of study is the identical, similar and distinctive features of kinetic nonverbal communicative behavior that characterize Poles and Vietnamese. Several original Polish fiction narrative texts by Eliza Orzeszkowa and Bolesław Prus and their translations into Vietnamese were selected as the research material. The result of the study is some observations highlighted in the presentation of the main material of the article and its conclusions. A comparative analysis of the kinesical means of communication of characters shows that nonverbal means of communication can have a universal, socially defined and nationally defined functioning. Most units of sign and facial language in the Polish and Vietnamese linguocultural spaces are equivalent. There are also background and nonequivalent kinesical means of communication. The identified markers of non-verbal behaviour of characters are determined by their social status in society based on age, gender, class affiliation, and profession. There are also representatives of the historical era. Some of fixed means are outdated, as they cover social relations in Polish society at the end of the XIX — beginning of the XX century. Universal in chronology of functioning are, for the most part, non-verbal means that indicate the intellectual level of characters and the emotional state of the individual.
THE PHRASEOSEMANTIC FIELD “ACTION” AS A COMPONENT OF THE VALUE ’HEALTH’ IN THE PHRASEOLOGY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors: Khodzhaieva Olena O.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to highlight, analyze and describe the phraseosemantic field “Action” as a mandatory component of the ’health’ value in the phraseosystem of the English language. The object of study is English phraseological units of the core of this field, selected from authoritative English explanatory dictionaries; the subject of research is the determination of key qualification features of the phraseosemantic field “Action”. As a result of the work carried out, units representing the English phraseosemantic field “Action” were selected, their contextual use was presented, and a conceptual description of the units of the core of this field was carried out. In general, health is positioned as a natural, non-transitory, absolute vital value of the highest level of the hierarchy of values, along with beauty, truth, and happiness. Conclusions. The analysis of the selected material shows that the basis for preserving, maintaining and achieving the value of ’health’ is the ability of a person to actively and purposefully act, enter into productive relationships, relationships with people, the surrounding material and non-material world. Activity is defined as the process of performing a certain purposeful and clearly understood action by the subject, in particular physical. It is possible and provided by the subject in the presence of conditions necessary for a healthy person, including: the absence of disease, normal body functioning, body dynamic balance in the “Human — Environment” system; spiritual and social well-being, the ability to adapt, the performance of social functions (communication, work, education, etc.). The main parameters of human activity: processability, dynamism, physiological conditionality, ability to perform. The key qualification features of the English phraseosemantic field “Action” are determined: representation, for the most part, of the beginning of a certain action, process; practical, empirical implementation and direction of activity; energy, perseverance and liveliness during the performance of a certain activity.
A STRATEGY OF POSITIVE EMOTIONAL INFLUENCE IN THE SPEECH OF A POLICE DETECTIVE
Authors: Kosovets Marharyta V.
Published: May 2024

The present article reports on the analysis of the communicative strategy of positive emotional influence in the speech of the detective — the hero of English language detective discourse. The object of the paper is the speech episodes, in which the detective interrogates witnesses and suspects. The purpose of the paper is cognitive pragmatic analysis of the contexts in which the communicative strategy of positive emotional influence is actualized, as well as the communicative tactics that manifest it in the speech of the detective. The investigation is based on the general and special linguistic methods: synthesis and analysis, method of observation, descriptive method, pragmatic and linguistic method, cognitive method, analysis of contextual interpretation. The cognitive-pragmatic analysis of the strategic speech behavior of the police detective — the protagonist of the detective discourse — has shown that the strategy of positive emotional impact is realized in the detective’s speech by the following communicative tactics: promise, request, reassurance, forgiveness, compassion, gratitude, reproach and mitigation. These tactics have been singled out and interpreted. These communicative tactics enable the detective to create favorable and friendly atmosphere and achieve the desired result: sincerity of the witnesses, especially those who used to conceal the information, lied, or refused to cooperate. As a result, a witness or a suspect tells the information necessary for the investigation and the culprit is found. The perspective for further research is seen in the analysis of the detective’s inner speech that unveils his communicative intentions.
VERBAL MEANS OF CREATING ARTISTIC TIME IN AN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE NARRATIVE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF J. K. ROWLING’S WORK “HARRY POTTER AND THE GOBLET OF FIRE” IN THE ORIGINAL LANGUAGE AND THE UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION BY V. MOROZOV AND S. ANDRUKHOVYCH)
Authors: Kosiuha Oleksandra O.
Published: May 2024

The object of research is the verbal means of creating artistic time in the English-language fantasy narrative. The purpose of this article is to consider the methods of using techniques and means of creating artistic time in the narrative text (analepsis, prolepsis, anachrony, achrony and others, according to G. Genette) on the material of the fourth part of the septology of Harry Potter adventures “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” by J. K. Rowling. Special attention is paid to the use of verbal and non-verbal means with temporal meanings. Research methods: identification and analysis of verbal means of creating the artistic time of this narrative in the original text of the British author and in the text of the Ukrainian translation by V. Morozov and S. Andruhovych; translation analysis of the work; statistical analysis of isolated verbal means of translation of artistic time; definition of translation operations. Conclusions: The most popular translation operations of J. K. Rowling’s narrative in “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” are the use of equivalent and variant counterparts, specification and generalization, and omission and addition. Ukrainian translators V. Morozov and S. Andruhovych used the strategy of communicative equivalent translation.
Pandemic as a Biographical Turning Point? The Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Biographies of “Essential Workers”
Authors: Mrozowicki Adam , Burski Jacek
Published: May 2024

This article aims to answer the question of the biographical meaning of the pandemic in the experiences of so-called “essential workers” who performed their duties in the first line of struggle with the consequences of the COVID-19 health crisis. The analysis of workers’ experiences helps us contribute to the ongoing debates on the role of macro-level events in autobiographical storytelling and the discussion on biographical turning points in sociology. The empirical analysis is based on a collection of more than 80 biographical narrative interviews in healthcare, social care, education, and logistics, from which we selected two stories of the pivotal significance of the pandemic crisis for biographical change for analysis. Biographical analysis makes it possible to describe which conditions are conducive to the inclusion of the pandemic in the main biographical story as a turning point.
How Reflection Works in Transformative Dialogue/Mediation: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Garcia Angela Cora , Cleven Erik
Published: May 2024

Transformative dialogue and mediation (TD/M) is an approach to conflict resolution used in mediation and inter-group dialogues about social justice and race, political polarization, and ethnopolitical conflict. TD/M practitioners believe their approach supports the agency of participants and helps them interact with greater confidence, self-awareness, and understanding of the perspectives of others. However, previous research on TD/M has not yet addressed how it achieves those outcomes. This pilot study works to fill that gap by investigating how reflection, the most commonly used TD/M technique, is utilized in a facilitated meeting of the steering committee of a non-profit organization. We conduct a qualitative sequential analysis of a video-recorded interaction to investigate how TD/M reflection is done. We show how the TD/M facilitator of the meeting reflects participants’ statements with the techniques of mirroring, substituting, and omitting and how the participants respond to those reflections with agreement or repair. The results of the analysis are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding how TD/M facilitation works.
OECD countries' main contributors to families emerging above the poverty line
Authors: Oyarzo Felipe , Asher Trixi , DuBose Erika , Smith Shannon , Harrison Chris
Published: May 2024

The reduction of poverty rates remains a challenging battle for most OECD governments, numerous international organizations, philanthropic associations, and a subject of study for many research centers. In this analysis, 200 empirical governmental documents, international reports, and peer-reviewed scientific publications regarding poverty reduction were meta-analyzed to identify the strongest factors in reducing poverty among OECD countries. A quantitative exploration of the literature using a statistical correlational research design showed that positive political leadership, effective economic and policy-making, low crime rates, low corruption rates, employment, higher earnings, familial support, greater access to higher education, age, physical and cognitive disability, physical health, mental health, positive cultural factors (mentality, values, etc.), access to clean water and food, housing, location, relocation, government support, communal support, scientific development (technology and innovation), and availability of production resources were found to be the most significant areas associated with the reduction of poverty among OECD countries in 2023. An analysis of the findings and suggestions for policymaking and research are also offered.
Keywords: Economy; economic mobility; OECD; poverty, poverty reduction; social mobility
Brand equity and purchase decision of fast-moving consumer goods
Authors: Macias Washington , Barquet-Arenas Gabriela , Yambay-Aucancela Jazmín
Published: May 2024

This work analyses the influence of consumer-based brand equity on the purchase decision of fast-moving consumer goods in Ecuador. By estimating a partial least squares structural equation model and a logit model on a sample of 120 Ecuadorian university students, it was found that brand awareness with a strength of association is positively related to perceived quality, perceived quality influences attitudinal loyalty, and loyalty influences overall brand equity. In addition, after controlling for reference prices, overall brand equity has a direct positive effect on consumers' purchase decisions. For brand managers, the main implication of these findings is that investments to improve the dimensions of brand equity, with an emphasis on loyalty, is a relevant mechanism to increase sales and generate greater brand value.
MEDIATING ROLE OF TRUST ON VISIT INTENTION: MUSLIM FRIENDLY TOURISM IN TANA TORAJA
Authors: Fasiha Fasiha , Hamida Ambas , Jabani Muzzayanah , Rusli Muhammad
Published: May 2024

This study evaluated the relationship between attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavior control by using visit intention as a moderating variable and trust as a mediating variable. This study used quantitative research. The population in this study were Muslim tourists who visited tourist attractions in Tana Toraja district. Sampling used a purposive sampling with certain criteria. Data collection techniques used a questionnaire method. Meanwhile, data analysis in this study used SEM PLS. The results showed that a comprehensive trust mediation was found in the perception relationship between behavioral control and visit intention for Muslim-friendly tourism behavior, while in the attitude relationship, subjective norms toward visit intention Muslim-friendly  tourism were found to be partial mediation. In other words, the model proposed to form a fundamental change in the visiting intention pattern of Muslim-friendly tourism for tourists was not running optimally. However, this study still finds it important that trust is able to mediate the relationship between perceptions of behavior control and visit intention in Muslim-friendly tourism. This research had two contributions, namely empirical evidence and policy. The results of this study were additional literature related to evidence of the development of the Muslim-friendly tourism trust on visit intention model. In addition, the results of this study helped the tourism agency achieve  sustainable development