bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial detection and localisation of multiple laser beams in optical measuring systems
Authors: Ruprecht Jasmin , Su Mingshuai , Hoffmann Maximilian , Ortlepp Ingo
Published: January 2025

Optical instruments are used in a broad range of applications in different fields of research and industry like microscopy, material science, metrology and fabrication. There, the optical adjustment of laser beams, optical rays and optical axes to a certain position is crucial for the correct function of the overall system. Often, multiple axes have to be adjusted, which requires the monitoring of multiple rays, preferably simultaneously. In this paper, a method for the spatial localisation of multiple laser beams is presented and demonstrated for an application in precision dimensional metrology. There, the position of seven spatially distributed laser beams can be detected with an uncertainty of <10 μm, enhancing the accuracy of the overall system. The underlying method is flexible in its approach and can be adapted to other optical systems.
Disruption of Extracellular Matrix and Perineuronal Nets Modulates Extracellular Space Volume and Geometry
Authors: Syková Eva , Voříšek Ivan , Starčuk Zenon , Kratochvíla Jiří , Pavlova Iveta , Ichikawa Yuki , Kwok Jessica C. F. , Kmoníčková Eva , Myronchenko Svitlana , Hromádka Tomáš , Smolek Tomáš , Avila Martin , Basheer Neha , Žilka Norbert
Published: January 2025

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of macromolecules which has two forms—perineuronal nets (PNNs) and a diffuse ECM (dECM)—both influence brain development, synapse formation, neuroplasticity, CNS injury and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. ECM remodeling can influence extrasynaptic transmission, mediated by diffusion of neuroactive substances in the extracellular space (ECS). In this study we analyzed how disrupted PNNs and dECM influence brain diffusibility. Two months after oral treatment of rats with 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), an inhibitor of hyaluronan (HA) synthesis, we found downregulated staining for PNNs, HA, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. These changes were enhanced after 4 and 6 months and were reversible after a normal diet. Morphometric analysis further indicated atrophy of astrocytes. Using real-time iontophoretic method dysregulation of ECM resulted in increased ECS volume fractionαin the somatosensory cortex by 35%, fromα = 0.20 in control rats toα = 0.27 after the 4-MU diet. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a decrease of mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, pallidum, and spinal cord. This study shows the increase in ECS volume, a loss of FA, and changes in astrocytes due to modulation of PNNs and dECM that could affect extrasynaptic transmission, cell-to-cell communication, and neural plasticity.
Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A Knockout in Parvalbumin and Somatostatin Interneurons Drives Seizures in the Postnatal Mouse Brain
Authors: Bartholome Odile , Neirinckx Virginie , De La Brassinne Orianne , Desloovere Jana , Van Den Ackerveken Priscilla , Raedt Robrecht , Rogister Bernard
Published: January 2025

Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is a presynaptic protein targeted by the antiseizure drug levetiracetam. One or more of the three SV2 genes is expressed in all neurons and is essential to normal neurotransmission. Loss of SV2A results in a seizure phenotype in mice and mutations in humans are also linked to congenital seizures. How SV2A action impacts the epileptic phenotype remains unclear, especially among the diverse neuronal populations that regulate network excitability. This study explored how brain structure and function are affected by SV2A conditional knock-out (SV2A-cKO) in specific neural cell subtypes. We show that SV2A-cKO in all neurons of the postnatal brain triggers lethal seizures, suggesting that the seizures observed in earlier knock-out models were not due to aberrant brain development. Similar lethal seizures are detected in mice in which the loss of SV2A is limited to GABAergic neurons, whereas loss in excitatory neurons produces no noticeable phenotype. No apparent gender difference was ever observed. Further investigation revealed that SV2A-cKO in different GABAergic interneuron populations induces seizure, with variable timescales and severity. Most notably SV2A-cKO in parvalbumin interneurons (PV+) leads to lethal seizures in young animals, while SV2A-cKO in somatostatin (SST) inhibitory neurons results in seizures that were scarcely observed only in adult mice. These results support the crucial role SV2A plays in PV and SST interneurons and suggest that the action of levetiracetam may be due largely to effects on a subset of GABAergic interneurons.
The Rights of Nature Go from Theory to Reality
Authors: Tănăsescu Mihnea
Published: January 2025

Developments in Ecuador, New Zealand, Spain, and elsewhere show how legal representation for the nonhuman world has begun to take hold around the world, varying with local circumstances. Ecuador’s 2008 constitution broke new ground by including rights for nature, but these have since been wielded by the government in questionable cases. New Zealand and Spain have pioneered the granting of legal personhood to specific natural objects—a former national park and Europe’s largest saltwater lagoon.
Persistent pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells shape the tumor immune microenvironment in anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Ruan Xianhui , Tao Mei , Dong Yuanxing , Hu Linfei , Xu Guangwei , Hu Chuanxiang , Huang Yue , Wang Yuqi , Yu Jialong , Luo Wei , Gao Ming , Zhao Min , Zheng Xiangqian
Published: January 2025

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive form of cancer with poor prognosis, heavily influenced by its tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Understanding the cellular and gene expression dynamics within the TIME is crucial for developing targeted therapies. This study analyzes the immune microenvironment of ATC and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We performed a comprehensive scRNA-seq analysis on ATC and PTC samples, incorporating cell type annotation, marker gene identification and clustering based on gene expression. A specific focus was on the prevalence and biomarkers of pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells in ATC, utilizing the single-cell tumor immune atlas for immune cell characterization. The scRNA-seq analysis identified distinct immune cell populations and differentially expressed genes in ATC and PTC samples. Notably, pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells were found to be prevalent in ATC datasets. Additional immunofluorescence staining and coculture experiments with the ATC cell line identified GNLY, a member of the saposin-like protein family, as a potential biomarker for pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells in ATC. This study provides valuable insights into the immune landscape of ATC, emphasizing the prevalence of pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells and identifying GNLY as a potential biomarker. Understanding the TIME composition and the role of specific immune cells in cancer progression can inform the development of targeted immunotherapies for ATC. Future research should explore the functional implications of GNLY and other identified biomarkers in modulating the immune response in thyroid cancer.

Highlights

A computational pipeline was constructed to identify ATC-specific immune cell populations and differentially expressed genes via multiple independent ATC and PTC single-cell transcriptomes.

A total of 221 uniquely differentially expressed genes associated with the adaptive immune response across two ATC datasets were identified.

Markedly prevalent pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells in ATC datasets compared with PTC datasets were identified.

One hundred fifteen potential biomarker genes of pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells were identified, with GNLY experimentally validated as the top candidate.
On k-fuzzy metric spaces with applications
Authors: Patel Uma Devi , Chandra Vineeta , Savatović Milica , Radenović Stojan
Published: January 2025

With application point of view, Gopal et al. [D. Gopal, W. Sintunavarat, A.S. Ranadive, S. Shukla, The investigation of k-fuzzy metric spaces with the first contraction principle in such spaces, Soft Comput., 27:11081–11089, 2023] generalized the conceptions of a fuzzy metric space and introduced the definition of k-fuzzy metric space. Here a fuzzy set defined in k-fuzzy metric space is a membership function FY : X × X × (0, +∞)k -> [0; 1], that is, the fuzzy distance between two points of the set depends on more than one parameter, and then also introduced first contraction principle in this space. In this sequel, we extend the work on k-fuzzy metric spaces by generalizing Banach contraction principle by introducing various type of inequalities. Here we introduce Tirado-type k-fuzzy contraction condition and prove fixed point theorem for Tirado-type contractive mapping. We also discuss the k-fuzzy ψ-contractive mapping, where ψ ∈ Ψ, and Ψ is a class of mappings defined from ψ : [0; 1] -> [0; 1] that has certain properties, and also obtained fixed point for such class of mappings. Later, we define Ćirić-type contraction inequalities to prove fixed point results by restricting ourselves on l-natural property of the fuzzy space to ensure the existence of fixed point. Between all results, a set of supportive examples are also produced to validate the results. In application section, we discuss the solutions of Volterra-type integral equations and second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation.
Computations of local nonsimilar solutions for MHD flow of Reiner–Rivlin fluid
Authors: Khan Sohail A. , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed , Momani Shaher
Published: January 2025

Here local nonsimilar solution for hydromagnetic stretched flow of Reiner–Rivlin material is constructed. Heat generation, radiation, and dissipation in thermal expression are studied. Joule heating and chemical reaction of first order are under consideration. Entropy generation is computed. Nonlinear system is derived by adequate transformations. Optimal homotopy analysis technique computes the analysis. Attention is focused to achieve the results of concentration, fluid flow, entropy rate, and temperature. In addition, the skin friction, solutal transport rate and Nusselt number have been explained. Outcomes of magnetic field on velocity and entropy rate are found opposite. Large approximation of fluid parameter improves the fluid flow. Larger estimation of Brinkman number yields same results of entropy generation and temperature. Reduction in concentration is noted through Schmidt number. Higher reaction variable correspond to reduce concentration. Temperature and entropy generation through radiation variable has similar trend. Material variable has similar results for rate of mass transport and coefficient of skin friction. Radiation amplifies the thermal transport rate. Reverse effect for entropy rate and Bejan number is detected for magnetic field.
Comparative approaches to solving the (2 + 1)-dimensional generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with four-wave mixing
Authors: Eldidamony Hanaa A. , Arnous Ahmed H. , Mirzazadeh Mohammad , Hashemi Mir Sajjad , Bayram Mustafa
Published: January 2025

This paper extensively studies the propagation of optical solitons within the framework of (2 + 1)-dimensional generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations. The investigation employs three worldly integration techniques: the enhanced direct algebraic method, the enhanced Kudryashov method, and the new projective Riccati equation method. Through the application of these methods, a broad spectrum of soliton solutions has been uncovered, including bright, dark, singular, and straddled solitons. Additionally, this study reveals solutions characterized by Jacobi andWeierstrass elliptic functions, enriching the understanding of the dynamics underpinning optical solitons in complex systems. The diversity of the soliton solutions obtained demonstrates the versatility and efficacy of the employed integration techniques and contributes significantly to the theoretical and practical knowledge of nonlinear optical systems.
FloraStilbene: immunotherapy adjuvant for breast cancer
Authors: Ramos Famela S , Kesari Santosh , Delgado George , Sammut Stephen , Vyrlanovitch Marin , Boddu Navneet , Jawad Yeseen , Hurley John , Dintyala Kiran , Byrne Deirdre , Lin Feng , Lin Emma , Minev Boris , Ramos Roman A , Koumjian Michael P. , Veltmeyer James , Dixon Timothy
Published: January 2025

Despite significant advancements in therapeutic approaches to triple-negative breast cancer, treatments remain relatively ineffective once metastasis occurs. The introduction of immunotherapy has revolutionized oncological therapies, yet significant hurdles remain before its full potential can be realized. In this review, we examine immune escape mechanisms shared between pregnancy (the 'fetal allograft') and cancer. We discuss the use of abortion-inducing agents in the context of cancer immunotherapy, and we also provide rationale and preliminary data on FloraStilbene™, a combination of the polyphenol antioxidant pterostilbene and the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone, for the stimulation of anticancer immunity.
Performing a Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Benedetti Jillian , Cotter Jillian M.
Published: January 2025

Multicenter retrospective studies can provide a pragmatic approach to evaluating uncommon pediatric conditions and are less expensive than prospective research. A well-executed retrospective multicenter study, with rigorous study design, systematic data collection, and robust statistical analysis, can produce clinically important and generalizable findings A variety of observational designs can be employed, including cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies. Selection bias, ascertainment bias, and confounding are common issues in retrospective research. Key steps include development of a feasible study design, regular contact with site investigators, and detailed data collection and management strategies. Principal investigators must seek to ensure that case ascertainment and data collection are consistent across sites, using manual and/or automated data extraction methods. Operations manuals, training sessions, and regular meetings can be used to ensure data reliability. Ethical considerations include obtaining institutional review board approval and establishing data use agreements. A proactive statistical approach to handling missing data, using techniques like multiple imputation and sensitivity analyses, is necessary. Careful planning, effective collaboration, and embracing technological advancements will enhance the value and accuracy of retrospective multicenter studies. This article discusses important considerations in the performance of a retrospective multicenter study.
Optimizing Management of Febrile Young Infants Without Serum Procalcitonin
Authors: Burstein Brett , Wolek Caroline , Poirier Cassandra , Yannopoulos Alexandra , Charles Casper T. , Kaouache Mohammed , Kuppermann Nathan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Febrile young infants are at risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBIs; bacteremia or bacterial meningitis). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines recommend that when procalcitonin testing is unavailable, C-reactive protein (CRP), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and temperature should be used to identify low-risk infants. We sought to determine the optimal combination of these inflammatory markers to predict IBI when procalcitonin is unavailable.

METHODS

This was a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data for all febrile infants aged 60 days or younger evaluated at a tertiary pediatric emergency department (January 2018 to July 2023). Previously healthy term infants aged 8 to 60 days with rectal temperatures of 38.0°C or greater meeting AAP inclusion/exclusion criteria were analyzed. A decision rule was derived by classification and regression tree analysis with 10-fold cross-validation then compared to AAP-recommended thresholds of ANC ≤ 5200/mm3, CRP ≤ 20 mg/L, and temperature ≤ 38.5°C.

RESULTS

Among 1987 infants, 38 (1.9%) had IBIs. The AAP-recommended thresholds missed no IBIs (sensitivity: 100.0% [95% CI, 88.6%–100.0%]; negative predictive value (NPV): 100.0% [95% CI, 99.5%–100.0%]; specificity: 50.7% [95% CI, 48.5%–53.0%]). Optimal derived thresholds were CRP ≤ 22.2mg/L, temperature ≤ 39.0°C, and ANC ≤ 4500/mm3; urinalysis and age were not selected. The derived rule also missed no IBIs (sensitivity: 100.0% [95% CI, 88.6%–100.0%]; NPV: 100.0% [95% CI, 99.7%–100.0%]); however, specificity improved to 83.8% (95% CI, 82.1%–85.4%). Area under the receiver operating curve for the cross-validated rule (91.9% [95% CI, 91.1%–92.7%]) was higher than at AAP-recommended thresholds (75.4% (95% CI, 74.3%–76.5%]).

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of ANC, CRP, and temperature at statistically derived thresholds improved diagnostic accuracy for identifying infants at low risk of IBIs compared to AAP-recommended thresholds.
Absolute Neutrophil Count as Predictor Hematopoietic Recovery in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission Induction Phase Chemotherapy
Authors: Nasution Malayana Rahmita , Putri Chadijah Tampubolon  , Irma Sari Nasution
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The main treatment for leukemia is chemotherapy therapy, divided into the induction of remission, consolidation, and maintenance therapy. Early response to remission-induced therapy is an important prognostic factor in ALL. This study aimed to assess the relationship between absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and bone marrow improvement after undergoing induction phase chemotherapy which was characterized by the occurrence of remission.
Methods: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia diagnosed based on CBC, peripheral smear, bone marrow morphology, and flow cytometry. Nineteen samples from children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia were evaluated for blast count and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) on day 0, ANC on 3rd week, and blast count and ANC on the 6th week of remission induction therapy. We compared the results of outcomes after remission induction therapy.
Results: The ANC value at the 3rd week and 6th week of the chemotherapy phase was positively correlated with remission with the r=0.687 and with a p-value=0.001.
Conclusion: The trend of increasing ANC values ​​was moderately positively correlated with the incidence of remission.
Treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition children aged 1 month - 5 years hospitalized at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Puspasari Masayu Mutiara , Anzar Julius , Bakri Achirul , Damayanti Moretta
Published: January 2025

Background. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is one of major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, especially under 5 years old. Successful management of SAM can be determined by many factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with outcome of inpatient SAM management.
Methods. The present study performed a cohort study on children with SAM admitted to dr. Mohammad Hosein Hospital Palembang (RSMH) from January to July 2021. Outcome was weight gain during 14 days of observation period and rehabilitation phase, defined in g/kg body weight (BW)/day, and was categorized as follows: poor (<5 g/kg BW/day) and moderate-good (≥5 g/kg BW/day).
Results. There were 87 children, 62% were female, and median age was 14 (1-60) months old. Moderate-good outcome was found in 31 subjects (36%) with weight gain during rehabilitation phase was 2.10 (0–71.4) g/kg BW/day. The highest mean weight gain was in subjects aged 6-<12 months which was 7.68.2 g/kg BW/day. Most subjects had good acceptability with median 100% (44.4-100%) (p=0.696), while 36% showed diet intolerance such as vomiting (24%) and diarrhea (17%) (p=0.656). Most common associated symptom was shortness of breath (32%) (p=0.066). Non-infectious was more common than infectious disease (47% vs 44%) with p=0.470 and p=0,110, respectively. All of subjects with tuberculosis showed poor outcome (RR 1.70; 95% CI 1.41-2.06; p=0.004).
Conclusion. In this study, SAM treatment outcome was not influenced by associated symptoms, accompanying disease, diet intolerance, and acceptability. However, tuberculosis in SAM patients significantly raised the poor outcome.
The effects of oral antihistamines on the formation of granulation tissue on full-thickness wounds in white rats Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Aditra Taufiqur Rakhim , Budi Agus Santoso , Saputro Iswinarno Dos
Published: January 2025

Background: Granulation tissue is formed during the proliferative phase of wound healing. In the presence of granulation tissue, the process of epithelialization can take place. Disturbance in the formation of granulation tissue, especially hyper-granulation, will result in an abnormal wound healing process. Antihistamines have been shown to have an effect on abnormal wound tissue fibroblasts and reduce collagen synthesis both by topical administration in vivo and in vitro culture. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral antihistamines on granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis involved.
Method: The study design used was an experimental randomized post-test only. Thirty-two rats were divided into 2 groups, wherein group 1 was treated as a control while those in the second group were given oral diphenhydramine with a dose according to body weight. Full-thickness wounds were made on the back of all rats. The treatment was carried out every day for 7 days. On the 7th day, granulation tissue specimens were taken with an excisional biopsy from the wound. From each granulation tissue sample, data taken were the granulation tissue thickness, collagen density, and the number of capillaries formed.
Results: Using an independent T-test, the mean thickness of granulation tissue in the treatment group was significantly smaller than the control group (215.82 ± 44.73 μm vs. 304.43 ± 58.61 μm, p<0.005). Mann-Whitney test revealed that the mean number of capillaries in the treatment group was significantly less than the control group (38.11 ± 5.31 vs. 69.66 ± 11.81, p<0.005). Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the collagen density of the treatment group was significantly smaller than the control group (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Administration of oral antihistamines can inhibit the formation of granulation tissue in full-thickness wounds and also reduce collagen density and angiogenesis. This can serve as a reference for the effect of oral antihistamines on wound healing, especially in the process of granulation tissue formation.
Correlation between platelet distribution width and mean platelet volume with the stage of hepatocellular carcinoma based on Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer criteria
Authors: Yusuf Fauzi , Maghfirah Desi , Abubakar Azzaki , Irfan Teuku , Innayah Meutia Rizki
Published: January 2025

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world, ranked second among the leading causes of death for all cancers. Treatment depends on the stage of the disease. Platelet activation is considered a part that plays a role in cancer development. Platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) are markers of platelet activation and are relatively affordable tests.
Method: This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design and total sampling taken from medical records at Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital in Banda Aceh. Staging of HCC was carried out using Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) criteria. Spearman rank correlation test was used to assess the correlation coefficient between PDW and MPV values on the stage of HCC based on the BCLC criteria. The results were considered significant if the p-value <0.05.
Result: This study involved 56 patients who were grouped into 4 grades of HCC based on BCLC criteria (16 patients with BCLC-A, 18 BCLC-B patients, 10 BCLC-C patients, and 12 BCLC-D patients). Results of the Spearman rank correlation test showed the correlation coefficient of platelet distribution width (PDW) with the stage of HCC based on BCLC criteria was 0.79 (p>0.001), while the correlation coefficient of mean platelet volume (MPV) with the stage of HCC based on BCLC criteria was 0.74 (p<0.001).
Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between PDW and MPV with the stage of HCC based on the BCLC criteria. PDW has a stronger correlation in predicting the stage of HCC based on the BCLC criteria than MPV.
Determinants of fracture patients in nonunion or delayed union
Authors: Rante Su Djie To , S. M. J. Koamesah  , Prisca Pakan  , Conrad Liab Hendricson Folamauk
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/QSRsiXuo-EU
 
Background: Fractures are a common cause in the present, where the main cause is trauma/injury. The ideal current fracture treatment is orthopedic surgery in the hospital, sometimes with bones that are not completely fused (non-union) or delayed union. This study aimed to determine the risk factor associated with the incidence of the non-union and delayed union in patients operated at Siloam General Hospital, Kupang, Indonesia.
Method: An observational retrospective study with a case-control design was conducted from January 2020 to June 2021 in Siloam Kupang Hospital, East Nusa Tenggara. The case involved patients experiencing non-union or delayed union complications, while the control involved fractured patients without both complications. Data were extracted from Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and then were analyzed by χ2 Cramer's V. The p<0.05 was significant.
Result: The study results found a relationship between smoking (p=0.000), open fracture (p=0.001), infections (p=0.000), time intervals between events and surgeries (p=0.000), high energy injury mechanisms (p=0.021), and crush injury (p=0.000) with non-union or delayed union events in fracture patients at Siloam Hospital Kupang.
Conclusion: The non-union and delayed union complications in fractured patients were related to smoking habits, open fracture, local infections, time intervals between events and surgeries, high energy injury mechanism, and crush injury.
Lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation: past, present and future
Authors: Pramudya Dana , Hertanto Decsa Medika , Pitaloka Afina Thara , Tjempakasari Artaria , Pranawa
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/d3xTL9HvM2U
 
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects various organ systems, has a severe form called lupus nephritis (LN). The management of LN has changed over the past few decades due to the discovery of new immunosuppressive drugs and advances in our understanding of the disease process. This study evaluates lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation in the past, present, and future challenges.
Methods: This literature review compiles and elaborates on previous studies from many authors to support future experimental studies, which will be conducted to evaluate the challenges of lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation management according to past, present, and future data.
Results: Treatment strategies for LN typically involve a combination of immunosuppressive medications, such as corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and mycophenolate mofetil, to induce and maintain remission. Many LN patients progress to ESRD, necessitating renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or kidney transplantation. The results of kidney transplantation in LN patients have been progressively improving. Developing novel immunosuppressive agents may improve graft survival and reduce complications in LN patients undergoing kidney transplantation.
Conclusion: The future of kidney transplantation for LN patients appears promising, with emerging research focused on novel immunosuppressive agents, personalized medicine, biomarkers for predicting recurrence and graft rejection, preventive strategies for recurrent LN, and cell-based therapies
The effects of Curcuma Longa extract on fibroblast count and collagen density in left colon anastomosis with acute intra operative loss of 15% circulating blood volume in rats
Authors: Haidi Nasrul , Lesmana Tomy
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/kSlkMRdPkO8
 
Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis leakage is a significant concern following intestinal suturing due to its potential to cause morbidity and mortality. Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, has been observed to have wound-healing properties by promoting collagen deposition and increasing the number of fibroblasts. However, the effect of Curcuma longa on left colon anastomosis with acute intra operative loss of 15% circulating blood volume is unknown. This study aimed to determine the impact of oral administration of Curcuma longa extract on the number of fibroblasts and collagen density in the left colon anastomosis with acute intraoperative loss of 15% circulating blood volume.
Methods: This is an experimental study; the researchers investigated the effect of Curcuma longa extract on the healing process of colon anastomosis in white rats - Rattus norvegicus.
Results: A total of 30 white rats - Rattus norvegicus underwent laparotomy for left colon anastomosis resection, and they were randomly divided into two groups. One group was given Curcuma longa extract orally after surgery, and the other group did not received it. After five days of treatment, the group that received Curcuma longa extract orally had a significantly higher mean number of fibroblasts (1168.13) compared to the control group (749.60) (p-value: 0.006). Moreover, the collagen density in the treated group was also higher, with a density range of 50-72% (60% of rats) and 75-100% (33.30% of rats), compared to the control group's density range of 25-50% (66.70% of rats) and 10-25% (13.30% of rats) (p-value: 0.000).
Conclusion: Oral administration of Curcuma longa extract can increase the number of fibroblasts and collagen density in the left colon anastomosis with acute intra operative loss of 15% circulating blood volume.
Identification of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte CD8 in Indonesian colorectal cancer population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Irawan Elit , Lukman Kiki , Usman Nurhayat , Sulthana Bambang Am Am Setya , Rudiman Reno , Budiman Deny , Nugraha Prapanca , Primastari Etis
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/KymCxU8ATU0
 
Background: Colorectal cancer is now the third most common cancer both globally and in Indonesia. An important component of the adaptive immune system, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8+) are key in the immune response to malignancies, which were previously believed to be the primary initiators of anti-tumor immunity. A higher TIL CD8+ levels in the tumor microenvironment and a better prognosis have been associated with anticancer benefits in a number of cancers. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of colorectal cancer patients with increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte CD8+ expression and their relationship with clinicopathological features.
Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted. Patients in the digestive surgery division with colorectal cancer served as the study's research subjects. There were 36 study subjects that were randomly selected from the available specimens. Examination of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+ expression was carried out by the immunohistochemistry method.
Result: Expression of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+, was positive in nine (25%) patients, and normal expression was shown in 27 (75%) patients. Most of the patients had adenocarcinomas histologically (91.7%), and 66.7% of patients were older than 50, with 77.8% of the tumors located at the rectum. Univariate analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics related to the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+, showed a non-significant relationship statistically (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: There was no relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte CD8+ expression in colorectal cancers.
Comparison on the efficacy and safety of bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate (B-TUVP) with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wiratama Made Adi , Andhika Dimas Panca , Ng Chi-Fai , Hakim Lukman
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/8WQpmpndIfA
 
Background: Bipolar Transurethral Vaporization of the Prostate (B-TUVP) is a surgical technique for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) patients that known for its technical reliability, short operating time, and low risk of intraoperative bleeding. However, despite these advantages, it appears to be an unpopular choice among urologists. Previous studies have produced conflicting results when comparing B-TUVP to Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP), particularly bipolar TURP (B-TURP). To date, no studies have directly compared the efficacy and complications of B-TUVP and B-TURP, which using the same energy type. Therefore, the objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and potential complications of these two modalities for the treatment of BPH.
Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed to perform a systematic search in six databases. The risk of bias in RCT was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool version 2. The Review Manager® 5.4 software was used for analyzing all the data.
Results: Six eligible RCTs were included with a total of 940 samples. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), fastest flow rate (Qmax), and post void residual (PVR) were not significantly different, while the quality of life (QoL) score (SMD = -0.64; 95%CI = -1.09 – -0.18; I2 = 86%) were significantly lower in B-TUVP (p < 0.05).  Hemoglobin drop (SMD = -2.05; 95%CI = -2.78 – -1.31; I2 = 95%), catheterization period (SMD = -1.14; 95%CI = -1.45 – -0.84; I2 = 60%), and hospital stay (SMD = -0.68; 95%CI = -1.04 – -0.31; I2 = 61%) were significantly lower in B-TUVP (p < 0.05). The analysis of complications did not differ significantly between the B-TUVP and B-TURP groups.
Conclusion: B-TUVP had similar short- to medium-term efficacy and complications as B-TURP, with advantages in terms of significantly better QoL score, lower hemoglobin drop, shorter catheterization period and hospital stay.
Successful treatment of superior vena cava syndrome due to internal jugular vein thrombosis in a 55-year-old man with comorbid diabetes mellitus type 2 and pneumonia
Authors: Tofan Rezdy , Wardhani Shinta Oktya , Nurdianto Arif Rahman
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/FZsJ7mtGsW8
 
Introduction: Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) associated with jugular internal vein thrombosis can be dangerous. Diagnosing SVCS and venous thromboembolism (VTE) must be done precisely and accurately to minimize the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Case Presentation: Male, 55 years old, complaining of shortness of breath, the feeling of choking in the neck, and a lump in the neck for one month. The patient has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and does not routinely take medication. The patient experienced tachypnea and tachycardia, and there was an enlargement in the submental to the submandibular region; the boundaries were not firm, supple, or fixed, approximately ten centimeters in diameter, and the collateral veins were enlarged and felt pain. Chest examination revealed telangiectasia, crackles, and bronchovesicular breath sounds over both lungs at the base and medial side. The patient had mild anemia and leukocytosis, increased HbA1c levels, total cholesterol levels, and increased D-dimer and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Antero-posterior (AP) lateral cervical radiograph shows a widening of the soft tissue in the retro tracheal space at the level of the second cervix. The patient given warfarin, enoxaparin, methylprednisolone, and heparin. Improvement of the condition was shown.
Conclusion: Superior vena cava syndrome due to internal jugular vein thrombosis is a challenging case. Careful diagnostic measurement based on history and physical examination, in addition of additional investigation may lead to the diagnosis. Management with warfarin, enoxaparin, methylprednisolone, and heparin show clinical benefit.
Ideas for research in a saturated field, through bibliometric analysis of the effect of Momordica charantia on the brain
Authors: Saleh Arman Yurisaldi , Prabowo Imam
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/U0JoMHQUW-I
 
Introduction: Momordica charantia, known as bitter melon, has long been used in traditional medicine and is proven to have various health benefits. Recent research has demonstrated the possible impact of Momordica charantia on the brain. However, there is currently a dearth of research investigating the correlation between Momordica charantia and stem cells. The objective of this bibliometric analysis is to uncover prevailing patterns and unexplored research domains.
Methods: The bibliometric analysis data were gathered from the website www.scopus.com using the search terms "Momordica charantia" and "brain." Data obtained was further processed using the Biblioshiny and VOSviewer apps to generate visual representations and do quantitative analysis.
Results: The study yields the identification of authors and documents with the highest number of citations, emerging patterns in research, affiliations, and countries with the greatest contributions to document production, as well as publications that publish papers with the most often cited documents. Data visualisation encompasses several techniques such as thematic mapping, clustering, network visualisation, overlay visualisation, and density visualisation
Conclusions: The study results indicate potential avenues for research on the impact of Momordica charantia on stem cells. Additional investigation is required to examine the therapeutic capacity of Momordica charantia in the field of neurology, specifically in relation to stem cells.
High prestin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate/NADPH oxidase-2, low-density lipoprotein and low high-density lipoprotein as risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Santosa Agus , Suastika Ketut , Bakta Made , Saraswati Made Ratna , Maliawan Sri , Suardana Wayan , Sujaya Nengah , Yasa I Wayan Putu Sutirta , Manuaba Ida Bagus Putra
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/5jMb5YnkN_A
 
Introduction: Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) causes acute and chronic complications, including macroangiopathy, particularly sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). SNHL is suspected due to decreased outer hair cell quality and microangiopathy in the cochlea and atherosclerosis. This study aims to identify high prestin, high NOX-2, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C as risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in T2DM patients, as there have been no prior studies assessing this biomarker as a risk factor.
Methods: The study analyzed T2DM patients aged 18-60 years at a diabetic center polyclinic in Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar. It used a case-control design, focusing on patients with SNHL and controls without SNHL. Data was collected from patients during visits and examinations, and analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows.
Results: A total of 36 respondents were included in this study, of which 18 were cases and 18 were controls. In cases and controls, the average age was 51.5 years and dominated by men (55.6%). Based on the risk analysis, it was found that there was a significant effect on high prestin levels (p=0.049; AOR: 4.086; 95% CI: 1.007 – 16.579), high NOX2 (p=0.020; AOR: 6.250; 95% CI: 1.327–29.432), LDL- High C (p=0.036; AOR: 6.400; 95% CI: 1.124–36.437) and low HDL-C (p=0.010; AOR: 7.857; 95% CI: 1.651 – 37.403) and hypertension on the incidence of sensorineural deafness in T2DM patients.
Conclusion: This study proves high prestin, high NOX-2, high LDL-C and low HDL-C as risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in T2DM patients.
Ethnomedical entities in health law and sustainable development: a literature review
Authors: Pramesti Anak Agung Intan , Parsa I Wayan , Bagiastra I Nyoman
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/JA4z8U1WowQ
 
Traditional and ethnic healing practices (ethnomedicine) have been an integral part of the culture and heritage of diverse peoples around the world for thousands of years. However, formal recognition and regulation of ethnomedicine in government and health legislation remains a complex and varied issue throughout the world. Debate continues about how to incorporate traditional healing practices into modern health systems and how to regulate these practices to ensure the safety and quality of health care. In this study, the purpose was to provide an overview of ethnomedicine between sustainable development and health law. This is literature review research in national and international journals published from 2019 to 2023 using certain keywords. The results of the literature review explain that the government has clearly defined regulations regarding traditional health services, starting from the rights and obligations of traditional health care providers, registration, licensing, conditions for the location of health services, and sanctions, but these legal regulations are limited to the implementation of traditional health services themselves. It was further stated that traditional medicines contribute to public health, biodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, cultural preservation, technological innovation, and community participation. Better outcomes for health, the environment and societal well-being can be achieved by recognizing, appreciating, and integrating ethnomedicine within a sustainable development framework.
Maternal serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels as a predictor of preeclampsia risk in urban and rural areas of developing country
Authors: Safinaz  , Budi Prasetyo  , Agus Sulistyono  , Muhammad Yusuf  , Erry Gumilar Dachlan  , Muhammad Dikman Angsar
Published: January 2025

Preeclampsia is one of the maternal health outcomes that can be influenced by nutritional status during pregnancy. Globally, preeclampsia afflicts 4.6% of all pregnancies and constitutes a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. Prior investigations have proposed that the administration of DHA supplements during pregnancy could offer a potential means to avert and manage specific pregnancy-related complications. Women living in urban and rural areas in developing countries, including Indonesia, may have poor food habits characterized by a low consumption of animal products. Pregnant women in urban areas were found to consume less meat, fish, and eggs. A lack of certain nutrients in the diet, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may also increase the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women. This literature review aims to investigate maternal DHA levels as a predictor factor in preeclampsia risk in urban and rural areas of developing countries.
Association incidence of hypertension in different types of rheumatic disease: an analysis of the effect of age and body mass index
Authors: Setiawan Dicky Rahmat , Adnan Endy , Ramadhan Sitti Rabiul Zatalia , Bakri Syakib , Tandean Pendrik , Zainuddin Andi Alfian
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Increased prevalence of hypertension compared to the general population has been repeatedly reported in patients with rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PSA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), gout arthritis, and osteoarthritis. This is believed to be associated with systemic inflammation and the effects of specific disease treatments. This study delves into the intricate relationship between hypertension and various rheumatic diseases, encompassing RA, PSA, SLE, gout arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Given the pivotal role of hypertension as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, our investigation aimed to scrutinize its prevalence within the rheumatic disease spectrum while dissecting the nuanced impact of age and body mass index (BMI) on its incidence.
Methods: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. We meticulously analyzed all patient visits to the Rheumatology Clinic between January 2022 and August 2023. The diagnosis criteria for hypertension are based on the 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test assesses data normality, and Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests are applied for non-normally distributed data. Statistical significance is considered when the p-value is <0.05.
Results: Our findings revealed a substantial occurrence of hypertension among rheumatic disease subjects, reaching 35.2%, coupled with a disconcertingly low treatment compliance rate of 32.6%. Osteoarthritis exhibited the highest prevalence at 47%, followed by gouty arthritis (38.2%), RA (35%), and SLE (34.7%). Significantly, Chi-Square analysis illuminated a noteworthy association between age groups and hypertension incidence in osteoarthritis and SLE cases.
Conclusion: Hypertension manifests more prominently in the rheumatic disease population than in the general healthy populace. Osteoarthritis and SLE, in conjunction with age-related factors, collectively exert a substantial influence on the incidence of hypertension, unraveling a multifaceted interplay between these variables within the rheumatic landscape.
Profile of head-neck hemangioma patient at single center-hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Baihaqi Rizki , Wibowo Marjono Dwi
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/9f1p4siy108
 
Background: Hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor that most often appears in the head and neck area. The head and neck have five main distribution locations: labial, lingual, buccal, nasal, and cervical. However, data on the profile and distribution of the location of head and neck hemangiomas is still very minimal. This study aims to determine the profile of head and neck hemangioma patients in a single-center hospital in Indonesia.
Method: This research is a descriptive observational study conducted at a single-center hospital, Dr. Soetomo, General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2018 to August 2023. The subjects of this study used medical record data, with the variables analyzed being the patient's age, sex, location, size, management, and response to sclerotherapy treatment.
Results: The head and neck hemangioma patients majority were female, 65.4%, and in the buccal region (50%), with the largest age group being children (5-11 years). The average lesion size was 37.06 m2, with the age group below five years having the largest average lesion.
Conclusion: The profile and distribution of locations vary greatly, but the lesion size is closely related to the pathophysiology of hemangioma, which is related to the age group.