bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological Changes in Median Nerve among Young Male Cigarette Smokers
Authors: Habiba Akter  , Muhammad Ariful Haque  , Syed Minhaj Uddin Ahmed  , Hamima Hasnat
Published: October 2024

Background: Cigarette smoking has been associated with numerous cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. Chronic smoking may also disrupt neuronal function and damage neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Median nerve conduction study is an important electrodiagnostic test for the detection of peripheral nerve dysfunction. Objectives: To observe the impact of cigarette smoking on the electrophysiological status of median motor and sensory nerves in apparently healthy male cigarette smokers. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2017 to June 2018 on thirty male cigarette smokers aged 25 to 40 years. For comparison, thirty age and BMI matched non-smoker healthy male subjects were selected as controls. Motor and sensory nerve conduction parameters (latency, amplitude and nerve conduction velocity) of right median nerve were evaluated by standard methods, using standard nerve conduction study and electromyography machines in the Department of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. For statistical analysis, unpaired t test was performed. Results: In this study, median sensory nerve latency was significantly prolonged (p ˂ 0.001) and sensory nerve conduction velocity was significantly slower (p ˂ 0.001) in cigarette smokers. The mean amplitude was also slightly reduced in smokers, but statistically, it was insignificant. However, the distal latency of median motor nerve was slightly prolonged whereas, the amplitude and motor nerve conduction velocity were slightly reduced in cigarette smokers in comparison to those of non-smokers. But the differences were not statistically significant. In addition, 10% of cigarette smokers had subclinical impairment in median sensory nerve function. Conclusion: Chronic cigarette smoking induces significant electrophysiological changes in median sensory nerve fibers and causes sensory nerve dysfunction, while it does not markedly affect median motor nerve fibers in young individuals.
KYAMC Journal Volume: 15, No: 01, April 2024: 03-07.
Effect of Therapeutic Exercise and Activities of Daily Living Instructions on Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Md Mahfuzur Rahman  , Md Imam Shahriar  , Mohammad Ilias  , A B M Zafar Sadeque  , Fahad Islam
Published: October 2024

Background: Clinically significant sciatica due to disc prolapse occurs in 4-6% of the population. Among various options for the treatment of Prolapsed Lumber Intervertebral Disc (PLID) Pharmacotherapy, thermotherapy and exercise therapy are commonly used. Therapeutic exercises and ADL instruction can enable greater return of neurological function and improves long term outcome and quality of life. Objective: To see the effects of therapeutic exercises and ADL instructions on the treatment of PLID and their outcome. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was performed over a period of six months on the patients of PLID. Evaluation was made at initial visit and follow up was done at third and sixth week by same investigator. In each visit pain intensity was seen by using straight leg raising test (SLR), Visual Analogue scale (VAS) respectively. Post intervention result was compared with baseline result. Results: The pain was mild in 11.4% cases of group A and 17.1% cases of group B (p=0.587). LBP was intermittent in most of the cases in both groups which was 71.4% cases and 80.0% cases in group A and group B respectively. Pain aggravates in most of the patient by walking (28.6%) and bending (21.3%) in both groups. However significant difference between group A and group B was found at week 6 follow up (p=<.005). During the study the SLR was improved significantly on week 6 follow up. The significant difference between group A and group B was found at week 6 follow up (p=<.005) regarding straight leg raising test (SLR) score. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the superiority of therapeutic exercises and activities of daily living in reduction of pain in management of patients with PLID.
KYAMC Journal Volume: 15, No: 01, April 2024: 08-15.
DESIGNING A MICROSERVICES BASED ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE USING TOGAF 10: A CASE STUDY APPROACH
Authors: Putranda Mochammad Egy , Juarsa Ifaldy Prayanda , Sa'diyah Nurul Khalifatu , Khasanah Siti Nur
Published: October 2024

PT Umbara Karya Sejati, operating in the home living and industrial product sectors, faced significant digital transformation challenges, marked by inefficiencies due to system integration issues and vendor dependencies that incurred cost penalties of 10-15% each month. Addressing these challenges, this research developed an Enterprise Architecture using TOGAF 10's Microservices Architecture (MSA) from the Preliminary Phase to Phase F: Migration Planning. This approach aimed to enhance system integration and operational efficiency, thereby improving modularity and scalability while reducing reliance on external vendors. A pivotal component of this architecture, an API gateway, provided robust monitoring capabilities for integration processes, enabling quick identification and prioritization of critical issues, which will assist the internal IT team's workflow. Furthermore, the research planned the establishment of a DevOps team, incorporating Agile methodologies, and scheduled IT governance and data security training to prepare for future policy development and strengthen internal controls. This strategic design equips the organization to navigate the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) of market demands with agile and effective responses, projecting a 10% increase in both operational and cost efficiency for PT Umbara Karya Sejati.
Formation of the System of Social Services to the Population
Authors: Marasulova N.
Published: October 2024

The current socio-economic, moral, psychological and spiritual situation in Kyrgyzstan is extremely contradictory and multifaceted. There is instability in the economy, a budget deficit is acutely felt, the number of people with incomes below the subsistence level is practically not decreasing, differentiation of the population by income is increasing, tension in the labor market is increasing, arrears in wages, pensions and social benefits are growing, trends of distress, including social deviations, are acutely evident. The current situation requires the state and non-governmental organizations, and public associations to take adequate measures, primarily in the area of developing the social protection system of the population and ensuring social security.
Part and Whole in Family Concepts: An Analysis of Metaphors and Metonymies in Russian and English Languages
Authors: Keldibaeva N. , Ismanova G.
Published: October 2024

The article explores how the relationship between part and whole is manifested in family-related concepts through metaphors and metonymies. By examining linguistic expressions in Russian and English, the study reveals the cognitive mechanisms that underpin familial relationships and how these relationships are conceptualized in the mental linguistic worldview of native speakers. The comparative analysis highlights the similarities and differences in how family concepts are constructed and understood across these two languages, offering insights into the cultural and linguistic factors that shape these representations.
Toward Precision Medicine for Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kansal Rina
Published: October 2024

Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic malignancy, is a plasma cell neoplasm that arises from a precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), which may or may not be previously diagnosed. Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), another precursor of MM, lacks myeloma-defining events and end-organ damage that are diagnostic of MM in the appropriate clinical settings. Newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) is highly heterogeneous genetically and clinically with very variable survival outcomes ranging from a few months to over a decade. Despite this heterogeneity, treatment outcomes have improved significantly in the last two decades, with overall survival improving continuously due to novel classes of drugs approved for treating MM. However, due to the immense heterogeneity, the quest for a cure will almost certainly require individualized patient evaluation and management at every level for every factor influencing patient quality of life and survival, including most importantly determining upfront the progression risks in the precursor states and prognostic risks for progression or relapse in NDMM. Toward that goal, this paper briefly describes, including a historical perspective, current concepts, and recent advances in NDMM for students, researchers, and clinical practitioners. The topics discussed include an overview of the epidemiology, current diagnostic criteria, including for distinguishing MGUS, SMM, and MM, refractory and relapsed MM, staging and prognosis of MM, treatment response criteria, including measurable residual disease evaluation, improvements in survival, current standards for treating NDMM, and disparities and inequities in receiving care in ethnic minority populations for treatment of MM, followed by progress in evaluating the risk of progression in MGUS and SMM, and finally, the genomics of MM, SMM, and MGUS since integrating disease biology in assessing and precisely managing all risk factors and achieving equity in treating all patients would help to achieve that precision medicine goal for a cure.
Potential of ASR for the study of L2 learner corpora
Authors: El Ayari Sarra , Li Zhongjie
Published: October 2024

This study is at the crossroads of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Second Language Acquistion (SLA). We used Word Error Rate (WER) measurements of Whisper's speech recognition on a French L2 learner corpus to get automatic transcripts, and compared them with pre-existing manual transcripts. We then conducted quantitative and qualitative analysis of the issues which are inherent to the specificities of interlanguage for any automatic tool. We will discuss the different issues encountered by Whisper that are specific to learner corpora.
Carving space to learn for sustainable futures
Authors: Holmqvist Diana , Millenberg Filippa
Published: October 2024

This article addresses the pressing need to reimagine education for sustainable futures amidst the socioecological crises of our time. Grounded in the recognition of modernity as profoundly alienating and unsustainable, we argue for an education informed by theory, critical pedagogies and critical sustainability research. Through an example from our own teaching practice, where we focused on pace, place, connections and modes of engagement, we demonstrate how adult educators can draw on theory to deliberately shape teaching. Highlighting the unsustainability of social acceleration, we encourage educators to slow down and carve out a space for profound engagement with sustainability. Drawing on diverse theoretical frameworks, we propose an approach that cultivates a sense of embeddedness in place and connection to oneself, others and the natural world. Finally, we argue that education for sustainable futures necessitates a departure from modernist paradigms, inviting educators to envision transformative pedagogies that foster critical awareness and societal change.
Pleomorphic Adenoma: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Kamble Tejaswi , Khot Sneha , S. M. Meghana , Kulkarni Sandeep
Published: October 2024

Pleomorphic adenoma, usually referred to as a ‘benign mixed tumor,’ is the ‘most prevalent’ salivary gland neoplasm. It typically arises in the parotid gland, one of the main salivary glands, and has a limited development potential. Pleomorphic adenoma can also occur in minor salivary glands located in the pharynx, oral cavity, and other areas.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the histology, therapy, and clinical features of pleomorphic adenoma in a number of patients. This case series provides an overview of key characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of pleomorphic adenoma. A review of the update of histogenesis is also explored.

Pleomorphic adenoma is typically characterized by its histological diversity. Early diagnosis, accurate imaging, and surgical intervention are crucial for effective management and avoiding potential complications. Regular surveillance following treatment helps ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Pleomorphic adenoma can grow to large sizes, if untreated and hamper normal function. Hence early diagnosis and treatment are needed. The varied histopathological presentation of pleomorphic adenoma makes the diagnosis challenging in certain cases. Timely diagnosis and prompt treatment planning require a detailed history and clinical evaluation with radiographic and histopathological investigations. Thus, by documenting these instances, healthcare providers can enhance their ability to recognize and manage unusual presentations of the disease. This, in turn, helps in early diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection.

Keywords - Benign mixed tumor, Histogenesis, Histopathology, Pleomorphic adenoma, Salivary glands
A FORMAL technique for retrieval of a partially lodged movable entity in the extra-pulpal chamber of a primary tooth in a child with autism: A Case Report
Authors: Savakiya Aishwarya , Panda Anup , Shukla Balraj , Bhudhrani Unnati , Shah Roocha
Published: October 2024

The entrapment of foreign objects in the oral cavity is a glaring risk for its accidental aspiration. This paper details a case of a partially movable foreign body that was lodged in the primary mandibular second molar of a 5-year-old boy with autism. We opted for a conservative and risk-free management strategy as per the foreign body’s size and position. This case details a FORMAL (Foreign Object Removal with Minimal Aspiration Liability) technique whose application is justified when there is a high-risk of aspiration of the foreign body based on its location.The tooth was then managed by pulp therapy followed by stainless steel crown. Follow-up at 6-months and 12-months revealed the tooth to be asymptomatic.

Key Words
Foreign Body, Pediatric Dentistry, Instrumentation, Deciduous Dentition
Simulation in Dental Education: The Indian Scenario
Authors: George Benley , Soman Rino Roopak , Johny Minimol
Published: October 2024

Dental simulation technology has progressed at a very rapid pace, due to which preclinical training for dental students has been simulated as real to a clinical environment. Traditional phantom head simulators have been providing preclinical training for the students over a long period of time across most of the Dental Universities/Schools in the world. Currently dental schools around the globe have incorporated the VR based dental simulators for the training of students. This system is useful for students to gain confidence, revise the exercises repeatedly, and to minimise material waste, creating an eco-friendly environment in dental schools. The prospect of this literature review is to reveal the simulation system used for preclinical training of dental students in India and the most advanced VR dental simulation system adopted by the top dental universities/schools in the world.

Key Words: Dental Students, Phantom head, Preclinical training, Simulation, Virtual Reality
Maxillofacial Injuries – A Grievous Injury due to RTA -A Case Report
Authors: Kiran B. , Kishore Kumar R. V. , Anil Kumar Valluri , Kiran Sai
Published: October 2024

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are the leading cause of maxillofacial injuries (MFIs) in all developing countries.1 Road traffic accidents were found to be the 9th most prevalent cause of death and morbidity around the globe 2. Maxillofacial injuries continue to be a severe clinical problem due to their involvement of a complex anatomic region. Injuries to the bones, teeth, and soft tissues of the face result from trauma to the face.3 Facial fractures are more common in males in third decade of life. RTA was primarily caused by motorbike accidents. After the age of 20, the tendency of MFIs, particularly those involving Motor bikes, have increased. Anatomically, the lower 1/3 of the face was more prone to damage. Mandibular fractures were the most prevalent isolated fractures among MFI patients.4 The prevalence and patterns of maxillofacial injuries differ by nation, depending on demographic, socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental variables. Wearing a helmet is an effective type of head protection for two-wheeler drivers, and it has grown mandatory in the majority of nations.5 For severe, comminuted, and displaced facial fractures, the preferred choice of treatment was open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with screws and plates. It is usually managed by a multidisciplinary team, but optimal results need an understanding of anatomy, the musculoskeletal system, and occlusion.5 In this article, we present a case report of patient with ZMC complex fracture of 3 weeks old duration due to road traffic accident which was presented and surgically managed

Keywords: Internal fixation, Maxillofacial injuries, Occlusion, Open reduction, Road traffic accidents
Attitudes, perceptions, and perceived Barriers of undergraduate Dental Students in Learning and Understanding Statistics - A Qualitative Approach through Interviews
Authors: Vanipenta Renu Durga , Panga Gnana Sarita Kumari , Potluri Raja Sekhar , Talluri Devaki
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Given the critical role of statistics in the analysis and interpretation of scientific data, majority of health care students are expected to acquire the statistics knowledge as a part of their curriculum. Despite the focus on the pertinence of statistics, students continue to struggle with understanding them. Hence, a qualitative study was performed to explore the undergraduate dental students’ attitudes, perceptions and perceived barriers in learning and understanding statistics.

Material and Methods
Following purposive sampling technique, twenty-five undergraduate final year dental students were interviewed face to face or virtually using a standard general interview guide. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed to verbatims. The data were subjected to descriptive and qualitative analysis to generate the themes by using the hybrid coding method.

Results
The mean age of the included participants was 23.12±1.013 years. The generated categories under the attitude component were interest, effort, difficulty, value and confidence. The themes generated under perception domain were content knowledge, importance, type of emotion and cognizance. The students opined that the barriers for learning and understanding statistics were related to time, curiosity, computation, teaching method and application.

Conclusion
The undergraduate dental students had an overall positive attitude towards statistics and their overall perception towards it was found to be good even though few of them had bad perception. The barriers reported by the students in learning and understanding statistics should be understood by the academic staff to make the student turn towards the desired direction by enhancing their skills.

Keywords: Biostatistics, Knowledge Qualitative design, Undergraduates
A review of human cornea finite element modeling: geometry modeling, constitutive modeling, and outlooks
Authors: Pang Guobao , Wang Chenyan , Wang Xiaojun , Li Xiaona , Meng Qiaoyu
Published: October 2024

The cornea is a vital tissue of the human body. The health status of the cornea has a great impact on the quality life of person. There has been a great deal of research on the human cornea biomechancis. However, the difficulty in obtaining the human cornea has greatly limited the research of cornea biomechancis. Using finite element modelling has become a very effective and economical means for studying mechanical properties of human cornea. In this review, the geometrical and constitutive models of the cornea are summarised and analysed, respectively. Some factors affecting of the finite element calculation are discussed. In addition, prospects and challenges for the finite element model of the human cornea are presented. This review will be helpful to researchers performing studies in the relevant fields of human cornea finite element analysis.
The impact of anterior knee displacement on knee joint load during the forward bow step in Tai Chi
Authors: Hua Lijun , Bi Gengchao , Zhang Yanlong , Wang Kai , Liu Jiao
Published: October 2024

Background

While the forward bow step is a crucial component of Tai Chi (TC) practice, little research has been conducted on its impact on knee joint load and muscle coordination. This study aims to investigate the effects of three different knee forward positions during the TC forward bow step on knee joint loading.

Methods

Twenty TC practitioners were recruited, and motion capture systems, force platforms, and surface electromyography were utilized to synchronously collect biomechanical parameters of three types of forward bow steps: knee joint not exceeding the tip of the foot (NETT), knee joint forward movement level with the tip of the foot (LTT), and knee joint forward movement exceeding the tip of the foot (ETT). Ligament and muscle forces were calculated using OpenSim software for musculoskeletal modeling and simulation. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the variations of the indicators during the peak anterior displacement of the knee joint in three movements. Additionally, spm1d one-way ANOVA was employed to examine the variations in the one-dimensional curve of the indicators throughout the entire movement process.

Results

Compared with LTT and ETT, the NETT posture was associated with significantly decreased knee flexion angle (F = 27.445, p = 0.001), knee anterior-posterior translation (F = 36.07, p < 0.001), flexion-extension torque (F = 22.232, p = 0.001), ligament force (F = 9.055, p = 0.011). Additionally, there was also a significant reduction in muscle strength, including quadriceps (F = 62.9, p < 0.001), long biceps femoris (F = 18.631, p = 0.002), lateral gastrocnemius (F = 24.933, p = 0.001) and soleus (F = 7.637, p = 0.017).

Conclusion

This study further confirms that in the forward lunge movement of Tai Chi, the knee joint load is mainly concentrated during the forward movement phase. Compared to the knee joint load at the NETT position, the load is greater at the LTT position; and compared to the LTT position, the load is even greater at the ETT position.
Enhancing the precision of continuum robots in orthopedic surgery based on mechanical principles
Authors: Pang Tongtao , Liang Jinkui , Lin Zechen , Zhang Xubin , Du Finxin
Published: October 2024

Introduction

In the field of orthopedic surgery, the notched continuum robot has garnered significant attention due to its passive compliance, making it particularly suitable for procedures in complex and delicate bone and joint regions. However, accurately modeling the notched continuum robot remains a significant challenge.

Methods

This paper proposes a high-precision mechanical modeling method for the notched continuum robot to address this issue. The flexible beam deflection prediction model based on the beam constraint model is established. The force balance friction model considering internal friction is established. An accurate static model is obtained, which can accurately estimate the deformation and deflection behavior of the robot according to the input driving force. The kinematic model of the notched continuum robot based on the static model is established. This method achieves high accuracywhile ensuring computational efficiency.

Results

Experimental results demonstrate that the static model's error is only 0.1629 mm, which corresponds to 0.25% of the total length of the continuum robot, which is 66 mm.

Discussion

This research provides valuable insights into the modeling and control of continuum robots and holds significant implications for advancing precision in orthopedic surgery.
Nanobioprospecting of photoautotrophs for the fabrication of quantum dots: mechanism and applications
Authors: Pandya Pranav , Webster Thomas J. , Ghosh Sougata
Published: October 2024

Quantum dots (QDs), also known as nanoparticle-based fluorescent probes, are luminescent semiconductor particles with a size range of 2–20 nm. The unique optical and electronic capabilities of QDs have led to expanded applications in several fields such as optoelectronics, transistors, sensors, photodetection, catalysis, and medicine. The distinct quantum effects of nanocrystals can be controlled by changing their sizes and shapes using a variety of top-down and bottom-up tactics. QDs were traditionally fabricated using complex, expensive, toxic, and aggressive chemical techniques, which limited their application in a variety of disciplines. A unique approach for the biosynthesis of nanomaterials has been devised, which employs living organisms in the synthesis process and adheres to green chemistry principles. Biogenic QDs have favorable physicochemical features, biocompatibility, and fewer cytotoxic effects as a result of using natural biomolecules and enzymatic processes for mineralization, detoxification, and nucleation of metals and nonmetals to synthesize QDs. This is the first comprehensive review of its kind that highlights the synthesis of several doped and undoped QDs, including graphene QDs, carbon dots, silicon QDs, N/S-CDs, silver-CDs, cadmium-selenium QDs, and zinc oxide QDs, exclusively using photoautotrophic algae and plants. The different plausible mechanisms behind phyco- and phyto-fabrication of QDs are also discussed in detail along with their applications that include detection of organic and inorganic compounds, degradation of hazardous dyes, free radical scavenging, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and bioimaging. Thus, this review aims to give valuable insights for the rational fabrication of photoluminescent nanomaterials with tunable structural and functional properties.
Usefulness of C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index in detecting prevalent coronary heart disease: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2018
Authors: Xu Ming , Zhang Lingyun , Xu Dong , Shi Wenrui , Zhang Weiguo
Published: October 2024

Background

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality. The current study aims to assess the association between C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) and the risk of prevalent CHD and to evaluate the usefulness of CTI to refine the identification of prevalent CHD.

Methods

19,451 subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010 were enrolled. CHD was ascertained according to the questionnaire.

Results

The prevalent of CHD was 6.23%. After adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, each SD increase of CTI could cast a 1.357 times risk of CHD. In quartile analysis, the top quartile had a 1.807 times risk of CHD than the bottom quartile. Smooth curving fitting displayed that the association was linear in the entire range of CTI. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association was robust among several common subpopulations but stronger in subjects aged <60. Finally, both ROC and reclassification analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in identifying CHD when introducing CTI to the Framingham risk score.

Conclusion

CTI has a positive, linear, and robust association with prevalent CHD in the general American population, and CTI may help to improve the detection of prevalent CHD in the general population.
Progress in carbon dioxide capture, storage and monitoring in geological landform
Authors: Ndlovu Phakamile , Bulannga Rendani , Mguni Liberty L.
Published: October 2024

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is recognized as a potent strategy for managing the accumulation of human-generated CO2 in the atmosphere, helping to alleviate climate change’s effects. The CO2 gas is captured from the point source through methods such as pre-treating fossil fuels, oxy-fuel combustion, or post-combustion capture; thereafter; it is transported to a storage location and injected into geological formations. This article provides an overview of carbon dioxide capture and sequestration, focusing on its key principles, technologies, associated risks, and challenges. Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Scalable Modelling, Artificial intelligence (Al), Rapid Theoretical calculations SMART technologies are detailed as emerging and promising approaches to CO2 capture. Numerous pilot and commercial projects commissioned to manage carbon dioxide emissions are presented. Additionally, the paper explores approaches combining geological, geophysical, geochemical, and environmental monitoring techniques to ensure the secure and sustainable storage of CO2 underground. These are essential to address uncertainties, minimize risks, and build public confidence in CCS as a viable climate mitigation strategy. The successful deployment of these technologies on a global scale will require continued innovation, particularly in the areas of monitoring, risk management, and public engagement. Emerging technologies such as AI and SMART systems could play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and safety of CCS operations. However, the integration of these advancements with existing infrastructure and regulatory frameworks remains a challenge. Ultimately, a multi-disciplinary approach, combining technological, economic, and regulatory perspectives, will be vital to realizing the full potential of CCS in combating climate change.
Study on the complex relationship of tourism-economy-ecological environment in arid zones: the case of Xinjiang, China
Authors: Liu Haijun , Chen Beizi , Xia Qianqian , Zabi Gulnigar , Li Gaofeng
Published: October 2024

The synergistic integration of tourism, the economy, and the ecological environment within a region is crucial for promoting its sustainable development. Tourism acts as a catalyst for green economic growth, yet varying levels of tourism development can intensify the strain on the ecological environment. Thus, achieving a Pareto optimal balance among the benefits of these three entities holds significant theoretical and practical relevance. This research utilizes statistical data spanning from 2000 to 2021 to devise a tourism-economy-ecological environment (TEE) indicator system for Xinjiang. The study employs a coupled coordination model to analyze the spatial and temporal coupling dynamics between subsystems and to classify the types of coupled coordination. The analysis also identifies obstacles that impede the degree of coordination. The findings indicate that during the period under investigation, the TEE system in Xinjiang experienced consistent growth. However, the tourism subsystem exhibited disparate development and pronounced resource monopolization, which stimulated the economic subsystem’s growth, albeit with noticeable developmental lags in the latter stages. Spatially, economic performance demonstrated a declining trend from core urban centers like Urumqi City and Karamay City towards peripheral areas. From an ecological perspective, the distribution of resources exhibited a heterogeneous “M-V-W” pattern, characterized by significant disparities in the availability of natural resources and the occurrence of localized ecological deterioration. There is a notable and increasing degree of coupled coordination in regional synergistic development, which is primarily manifested in the delayed development of tourism. The combined development of the three subsystems is influenced by some factors, including environmental pollution, resources, economic quality, and industrial structure. Soot emissions, green space per capita in parks, and sulfur dioxide emissions are identified as key constraints. This study provides theoretical backing and empirical evidence for economic growth, the optimization of industrial structure, and the preservation of the ecological environment in arid and semi-arid regions globally.
Bibliometric and visualized analysis on global trends and hotspots of TAK1 in regulated cell death: 1999 to 2024
Authors: Huang Kun , He Ye , Wan Hao , Ban Xiao-Xia , Chen Xin-Yu , Hu Xi-Min , Wan Xin-Xing , Lu Rui , Zhang Qi , Xiong Kun
Published: October 2024

Background

Regulated cell death (RCD) is a genetically controlled form of cell death that plays an important role in organogenesis, tissue remodeling, and pathogenesis of cancers. Transforming growth factor-beta-activation kinase 1 (TAK1) is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family, which can respond to internal and external stimuli and participate in inflammatory responses through multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes. In the last two decades, the regulatory roles of TAK1 at the crossroads of multiple RCD pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and PANoptosis were revealed by 801 articles retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. To analyze global research trends and hotspots concerning the role of TAK1 in RCD, the bibliometric and visualized analysis were applied in the current study.

Methods

The data for this bibliometrics study were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The search formula was (TS=(Apoptosis) OR TS=(pyroptosis) OR TS=(Necroptosis) OR TS=(PANoptosis) OR TS=(Autophagy) OR TS=(Ferroptosis) OR TS=(cuproptosis)) AND ((TS=(TAK1)) OR TS=(MAP3K7)). The co-occurrence and co-cited analysis on basic bibliometric parameters were conducted by VOSviewer. The dual-map overlay of journals, citation bursts, keyword timelines, and keyword bursts were analyzed by CiteSpace.

Results

A total of 801 articles from 46 countries have been included in the analysis. The number of publications demonstrates a consistent increase from 1999 to 2024. The primary research institutions driving this field are Osaka University Notably, the Journal of Biological Chemistry stands out as the most popular journal in this domain. These publications collectively involve contributions from 4663 authors, with Jun Tsuji emerging as a prolific author. Jun Tsuji also gains the highest co-citation frequency. Emerging research hotspots are encapsulated by keywords, including apoptosis, NF-κB, inflammation, autophagy, and TNFα.

Conclusion

This is the first bibliometric and visualized study to analyze the global trends and hotspots of TAK1 in RCD. Based on the analysis of 801 articles, the results provide a retrospective and comprehensive visualized view of the research hotspots and frontiers of TAK1 at the crossroads of multiple RCD signaling pathways and propose ideas for guiding their future investigations in molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in this field.
Immunoregulation role of the erythroid cells
Authors: Niu Chunxiao , Zhang Jiyan
Published: October 2024

Erythroid cells are the most abundant cells in the human body. In addition to their established function in gas-transportation, erythroid cells at various stages of differentiation have recently been shown to have immunomodulatory roles. Red blood cells may serve as modulators of innate and adaptive immunity, while their immature counterparts, CD71+ erythroid cells (CECs) have important immunomodulatory functions in various contexts. CECs are abundant in human cord blood and placenta, where they contribute to fetomaternal tolerance. CECs also accumulate in patients with infections, tumors, and anemia, and effectively suppress T cells by producing high levels of arginase, reactive oxygen species, programmed death-ligand 1, transforming growth factor β, and/or interleukin-10. Here, we systematically summarize the immunomodulatory functions of erythroid cells and propose some potential therapeutic applications based on their characteristics.
What is hidden under our pontoons? Abundance and distribution of filter feeders (bivalves and tunicates) in the port area revealed. Artificial intelligence: an interesting analysis tool?
Authors: Hamani Vincent , Brenon Isabelle , Lebon Océane , Demarcq Guillaume , Burie Jean-Christophe , Murillo Laurence
Published: October 2024

Urbanization is particularly prevalent along the coast, causing a considerable change in the ecology of the habitats found there. Ports, docks and all the structures linked to this anthropization modify the coastal environment by providing new niches, but also new constraints. Thus, ports are ecosystems in their own right, although they are rarely studied as such. In Europe’s largest marina (La Rochelle, France), among the multitude of organisms inhabiting it, four taxa seem particularly interesting to study: Mytilidae, Ostreïdae, Pectinidae and ascidiacea. Because these taxa, which belong to the bivalve and tunicate groups, are the stewards of the health of the port environment both as bio-indicators and as engineering species. The establishment of a systematic and regular census allows us to study the evolution of their populations and to determine what influences their distribution. To have as less impact as possible on the fauna studied, the census was carried out by underwater photography. The study shows that the populations are partly conditioned by the hydrodynamics of the environment and by the anthropic activity which is carried out there. Indeed, this study, which was carried out in a particular context (before and after the COVID-19 health crisis), shows the importance of anthropic pressure, particularly on the bivalve communities. A large amount of data is needed to understand what precisely governs bivalve and tunicate populations. Therefore, an innovative method, using artificial intelligence to automate the analyses, was tested in this study. This promising method should facilitate the census by reducing the analysis time.
An osmolarity dependent mechanism partially ameliorates retinal cysts and rescues cone function in a mouse model of X-linked retinoschisis
Authors: Gehrke Ella J. , Thompson Jacob , Kalmanek Emily , Stanley Sarah T. , Laird Joseph , Bhattarai Sajag , Lobeck Brianna , Mayer Sara , Mahoney Angela , Hassan Salma , Hsu Ying , Drack Arlene
Published: October 2024

Introduction

X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is a vitreoretinal dystrophy caused by RS1 gene mutations which disrupt retinoschisin-1 (RS1) function. Vital for retinal architecture, the absence of functional RS1 leads to the development of intraretinal cysts. Intravitreal injection of a gene therapy for treating XLRS caused ocular inflammation in high dose groups in a phase I/II clinical trial. This study investigates a low dose subretinal gene therapy in Rs1 knockout (Rs1-KO) mice compared to injection of buffer alone. Observation of an unexpected therapeutic effect following the subretinal injection of the hypertonic buffer led to novel findings in XLRS.

Methods

Rs1-KO mice were subretinally injected with an AAV2/4 vector (n = 10) containing the RS1 gene driven by an Ef1α promoter, a hypertonic buffer (n = 15) (180 mM NaCl 0.001% F68/PBS (pH 7.4)), or isotonic buffer (n = 7) (155.2 mM NaCl 0.001% F68/PBS, pH 7.0). A sham puncture group was also included (n = 6). Endpoints included electroretinogram (ERG), optical coherence tomography (OCT), a visually guided swim assay (VGSA), and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Unexpectedly, hypertonic buffer-injected eyes had reduced cyst severity at 1-month post-injection (MPI) (p < 0.0001), higher amplitudes in cone-dominant ERGs persisting to 5 MPI (5 Hz flicker; p < 0.0001; 3.0 flash; p = 0.0033) and a trend for improved navigational vision in the light compared to untreated Rs1-KO eyes. To investigate the role of tonicity on this effect, an isotonic buffer-injected cohort was created (155.2 mM NaCl 0.001% F68/PBS, pH 7.0) (n = 7). Surprisingly, hypertonic buffer-injected eyes exhibited a greater reduction in cyst severity and demonstrated improved cone-dominant ERG metrics over isotonic buffer-injected and sham puncture eyes. An immunohistochemistry assay demonstrated greater cone density in hypertonic buffer-injected eyes than untreated Rs1-KO eyes at 5–6 MPI (p = 0.0198), suggesting a possible cone preservation mechanism. Moreover, our findings reveal a negative correlation between the peak severity of cysts and long-term ERG amplitudes in cone-dominant pathways, implying that effectively managing cysts could yield enduring benefits for cone function.

Discussion/conclusion

This study presents evidence that cyst resolution can be triggered through an osmolarity-dependent pathway, and early cyst resolution has long-term effects on cone signaling and survival, offering potential insights for the development of novel treatments for XLRS patients.
Identification of potential bioactive phytochemicals for the inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β: a structure-based approach for cancer therapy
Authors: Habib Insan , Sulaimani Md Nayab , Jairajpuri Deeba Shamim , Hussain Afzal , Mohammad Taj , Alajmi Mohamed F. , Shamsi Anas , Hassan Md Imtaiyaz
Published: October 2024

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) protein family and is implicated in several disorders such as hematopoietic, glial, and soft-tissue cancer, non-cancerous disorders, including skeletal defects, brain calcification, and vascular anomalies. The research on small molecule inhibitors targeting PDGFRβ in cancer treatment has seen promising developments, but significant gaps remain. PDGFRβ, receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in various cancers and plays an important role in tumor progression, making it a potential therapeutic target. However, despite advances in identifying and characterizing PDGFRβ inhibitors, few have progressed to clinical trials, and the mechanistic details of PDGFRβ′s interactions with small molecule inhibitors are still not fully understood. Moreover, the specificity and selectivity of these inhibitors remain challenging, as off-target effects can lead to unwanted toxicity. In this investigation, two compounds, Genostrychnine and Chelidonine, were discovered that help inhibit the kinase activity of PDGFRβ. These small molecules were identified by employing various parameters involved in the drug discovery process, such as Lipinski’s rule of five (RO5), 2D similarity search and 3D pharmacophore-based virtual screening followed by MD simulation studies. The identified molecules were found to be effective and significantly bound with the PDGFRβ kinase domain. Overall, our findings demonstrate that these small drug-like compounds can be beneficial tools in studying the properties of PDGFRβ and can play a crucial role in the therapeutic development of cancers and other associated diseases.
Voluntary wheel-running exercise improvement of anxiety or depressive symptoms in different models of depression
Authors: Shen Haodi , Li Xuemei , Zhai Junyao , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2024

The effects of voluntary wheel-running exercise in different rodent models of depression remain unclear, and further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the currently available findings on whether voluntary wheel-running exercise can alleviate depressive symptoms in five different rodent models of depression. The findings of the comprehensive meta-analysis imply that engaging in voluntary wheel-running exercise has a beneficial effect on alleviating depressive symptoms in rodent models that simulate depression. While further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and limitations of this intervention future research should aim to conduct larger. Well-designed studies that use standardized protocols and outcome measures. This would help to reduce heterogeneity between studies and improve the overall quality of the evidence base. Additionally, studies should explore the potential mechanisms of action of voluntary wheel-running exercise in treating depression, such as changes in neurotransmitter levels, neuroplasticity, and inflammation. The results suggest that it may hold promise as an adjunctive therapy for depression.
The mediating effect of problem-focused coping on the relationship between emotional clarity and mental health among older adults
Authors: Cho Myung Hyun , Choi Kee-Hong
Published: October 2024

Objective

Individuals who can recognize emotions well are better able to identify and accept their feelings and manage them. This study examined the mediation of problem-focused coping in the pathway through which emotional clarity predicts higher life satisfaction and lower depression in older adults.

Methods

In total, 150 older adults (75 male and 75 female, aged 60–69 years, with a mean of 64.53 [SD = 2.49]) participated in a face-to-face survey, answering questions on emotional clarity, problem-focused coping, life satisfaction, and depression.

Results

Emotional clarity was associated with higher life satisfaction and lower depression in older adults. People who were aware of their emotions well were in better emotional condition. Mediation analysis revealed that problem-focused coping mediated the positive relationship between emotional clarity and life satisfaction and the negative relationship between emotional clarity and depression. Older adults who understand their own emotions tend to deal with emotional events in a problem-focused manner, leading to high life satisfaction and low depression.

Conclusion

This study identifies cognitive conditions for increasing life satisfaction and preventing depression in later life and offers suggestions for personal and social efforts to maintain mental health.
Proceedings of a membrane update symposium: advancements, scientific insights, and future trends for dialysis membranes for enhanced clinical outcomes in end stage kidney disease patients
Authors: Wanner Christoph , Vanholder Raymond , Ortiz Alberto , Davenport Andrew , Canaud Bernard , Blankestijn Peter J. , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Kooman Jeroen Peter , Castellano Giuseppe , Stamatialis Dimitrios , Mitra Sandip , Grooteman Muriel , Weber Viktoria , Ebert Thomas , Abdelrasoul Amira , Steppan Sonja , Scheiwe Anna Rebecca , Stenvinkel Peter
Published: October 2024

Purpose of symposium

From September 6 – 8 2022, the Life/2022 Membrane Symposium was held in Frankfurt, Germany, and transmitted live to a worldwide internet audience. The event was part of the Life/Nephrology Campus initiative, a continuous educational platform for the nephrology community to expand knowledge and share expertise on contemporary topics in chronic kidney disease. We describe recent questions and advances in the field, and we underline challenges in the care of dialysis patients and opportunities for integration of new findings into clinical practice to improve patient outcomes in end stage kidney disease patients.

Topics

Most patients with kidney failure are on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). The scientific program of the symposium was developed around topics about the role, functional determinants, technical aspects, limitations, and clinical implications of membranes presently in use. International experts with clinical or technical expertise as well as scientific recognition within the nephrology community were asked to prepare their presentations based on their own experiences, perceptions, opinions, and sources of information. The symposium devoted a major portion to discussing novel approaches for improving membranes and treatment quality, including updates on innovative concepts that may could potentially transform the landscape of kidney replacement therapy for chronic kidney disease patients in the future.

Implications

The intent was to provide insights into current attention points for healthcare professionals new to the field of MHD, and to test a unique forum for continuing medical education integrating physician and patient experiences to promote changes in clinical practice. Furthermore, the symposium premiered a specifically developed mixed reality holographic 3D model to demonstrate recent dialyzer innovation diminishing protein fouling on membrane surfaces. As a continuous online educational platform for scientific exchange, this Life/2022 event provided online learning opportunities with on-demand content, with all symposium lectures freely available on nephrologycampus.com.