bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Achievement of Radiological Parameters in Uncemented Total Hip Replacement: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kushwaha Narendra Singh
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The Total Hip Replacement (THR) procedure is indicated to the treatment of choice in chronic refractory joint pain and some types of proximal femoral fractures. Component malalignment is a major cause of THR failure, making it crucial to position the components anatomically for long-term joint survival. Aim: To assess the radiological parameters of uncemented THR surgery. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, King’s George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, from June 2017 to May 2021. It included 72 patients who underwent unilateral uncemented THR for isolated hip diseases. Data was collected over the first two years and analysed. Demographic information and radiographic characteristics such as acetabular cup inclination and anteversion, femoral stem placement, vertical and horizontal centers of rotation, and limb length discrepancy were determined. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel 2018-19, and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 28.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The average age of the patients was 50.75±9.1 years. Comparison of acetabular cup inclination (preoperative 41.4±3.9° and postoperative 42.2±5.1°) and anteversion (preoperative 13.1±2.96° and postoperative 14.5±3.75°) showed non significant differences following treatment with a normal hip. However, there was a significant difference in the horizontal and vertical Centers Of Rotation (COR) following treatment with a normal hip. Conclusion: Preoperative radiological characteristics of the damaged hip were significantly restored to normal anatomy and alignment following surgery
Clinical and Prognostic Significance of PD-L1, Beclin 1 and Fascin 1 Immunohistochemical Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Hanafy Sabah Mohamed , Rashad Heba Mohammed , Bakry Adel , Mahmoud Asmaa A , Yassin Mahmoud Abdou , Elaidy Mostafa M , Abdelwahab Mai M
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and its incidence has been rising. It is important to identify novel markers that could predict the prognosis of the disease. Aim: To identify the impact of Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), Beclin 1, and Fascin 1 immunohistochemical expression on CRC behaviour and disease prognosis. Also, to assess the different surgical options (laparoscopic versus open) in the management of these patients. Materials and Methods: This cohort study included 72 cases of CRC, conducted in the Pathology, General Surgery, Internal Medicine, Clinical Oncology, and Medical Oncology Departments of the Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt between June 2018 and June 2022. PD-L1, Beclin 1, and Fascin 1 expression were assessed immunohistochemically, and their prognostic significance were evaluated. Data were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and NCSS 11 for Windows (NCSS LCC., Kaysville, UT, USA) in the Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt. Results: A significant association was found between PDL1 expression and grading (p-value=0.02), lymphovascular invasion, distant metastasis (p-value=0.001), peritoneal spread (p-value=0.002), tumour budding (p-value=0.005), lymph node metastasis, and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (p-value<0.001). A significant association was also found between Beclin 1 expression and distant metastasis (p-value=0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p-value=0.004), lymphocytic infiltration (p-value=0.006), perineural invasion (p-value=0.01), peritoneal spread (p-value=0.002), and AJCC stage (p-value=0.007). A highly significant association between Fascin 1 expression and grading, lymphovascular invasion, tumour budding, lymph node metastasis, lymphocytic infiltration, perineural invasion, metastasis, peritoneal spread, and AJCC stage (p-value<0.001) was detected. In patients with negative PD-L1 or high Fascin 1 expression, survival rates were lower. Beclin 1 expression was not associated with a favourable prognosis (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: PD-L1, Beclin 1, and Fascin 1 expression are significantly elevated in CRC tissues and closely associated with adverse prognostic factors. PD-L1 and Fascin 1 expression have important prognostic value and may be of great help in identifying high-risk patients who will benefit the most from treatment.
Indiscriminate Nodule Sampling in Goitre: A Series of 5 Cases of Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: Reginald Sharon Roshin , Soman Sharath , Rajkumar P , Ponmudi Sivakumar , Elancheran M
Published: November 2023

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC), which is a form of thyroid cancer, originates from follicular epithelial cells and can be identified histopathologically by distinct nuclear characteristics and architecture. It is the most common thyroid neoplasm and is typically found in young females, with a good prognosis. Within the subset of PTC, exists incidentally detected lesions called papillary microcarcinomas (IPMC), having a size ≤1 cm which are usually clinically not suspected, radiologically undetected, and often missed in gross pathological examinations. The present case series highlights five cases (2 males and 3 females) of papillary microcarcinomas that were detected over the course of one year. The patients’ ages ranged from 31 to 60 years, with a mean age of 48.8±10.1 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.5. These patients presented with complaints of neck swelling and were initially diagnosed with benign nodular goitre in 47 cases based on clinical and radiological evaluations. The detection rate of papillary microcarcinomas was 10.6%, with one case showing bilaterality (20%). The authors of the present case series adopted a novel approach of indiscriminate nodule sampling of thyroidectomy specimens to observe changes in detection rates. This approach facilitated a higher yield of papillary microcarcinomas. The authors also considered the dilemma of surgical measures and prognostic outcomes in such cases.
Combined Cyclin D2 and Protein Convertase 2 Genes in Differentiating Various Follicularpatterned Lesions and Neoplasms of the Thyroid: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Perumal Prasanna Venkadesa , Siddaraju Neelaiah , Saxena Sunil Kumar , Rajendiran Soundravally , Bhat Ramachandra V
Published: November 2023

Introduction: A pretherapeutic distinction between benign and malignant thyroid nodules is critical for the clinical management of patients presenting with thyroid nodules. However, certain follicular-patterned lesions, such as adenomatous nodules, follicular neoplasms comprising Follicular Adenoma (FA) and Follicular Carcinoma (FC), as well as the Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (FVPTC), can pose a significant dilemma during pre-therapeutic Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) evaluation. The present (pilot) study explores the possible utility of messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) and the protein expression of the two relatively less-explored genes, Cyclin D2 (CCND2) and Protein Convertase 2 (PCSK2), in distinguishing various follicular-patterned thyroid lesions and neoplasms by testing these molecular markers initially on histopathological sections. Aim: To assess the RNA and protein expressions of CCND2 and PCSK2 genes in differentiating follicular-patterned thyroid neoplasms. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted over 6 years, from August 2014 to August 2020, at the Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. Real-Time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) along with Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a total of 75 tissue samples from follicularpatterned thyroid lesions and neoplasms, including 19 Follicular Hyperplasias (FHs), 10 Nodular Goitres (NGs), 17 FAs, 8 FCs, and 12 FVPTCs, along with nine Conventional Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas (CPTCs). After confirming the RNA and protein expression levels in each of these lesions, Immunoreactive Scoring (IRS) was performed to assess their IHC expression. The Kruskal-Wallis and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests were used to analyse the mRNA expression data, and Pearson analysis was conducted to correlate the IHC data between the study groups. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the 75 thyroid lesions studied, both NG and FA showed a relatively higher cyclinD2 mRNA expression, with fold changes of 1.21 and 1.46, respectively. This was also reflected in IHC, with moderate nuclear expression observed in these cases. The PCSK2 mRNA expression was similar to that of CCND2, with the only difference noted between FH and FA. On IHC, eight out of 75 cases had positive PCSK2 expression, including five FHs, two FVPTCs, and one FA, while the remaining 67 cases were negative. Conclusion: The CCND2 and PCSK2 genes assessed in the present study, regarding their mRNA and protein expressions, were not found to be of any practical value in distinguishing benign and malignant follicular lesions or neoplasms of the thyroid.
The Impact of Servant Leadership and Psychological Safety on Socially Responsible Leadership in Ugandan Public Universities
Authors: Kyambade Mahadih , Namuddu Regis , Mugambwa Joshua , Tushabe Monica , Namatovu Afulah
Published: November 2023

This article explores the concept of servant leadership, psychological safety and socially responsible leadership in the context of public universities in Uganda. The article aims to highlight the significance of fostering a safe and inclusive environment within academic institutions, and the role of leaders in promoting ethical and socially responsible practices. It explores the significance of these concepts in creating a conducive, inclusive, and empowering environment for staff. Through the examination of existing literature and research, this article emphasizes the importance of Servant Leadership, Psychological Safety and Socially Responsible Leadership for the well-being and success of staff within public universities in Uganda. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Servant Leadership, Psychological Safety and Socially Responsible Leadership in Ugandan Public Universities. Using a cross-sectional and correlational design, useable questionnaires were received from 214 respondents from Public Universities in Uganda. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results indicate that Servant Leadership and Psychological Safety are positively and significantly related with Socially Responsible Leadership.  This study provides insights on the initial understanding of the association between Servant Leadership, Psychological Safety and Socially Responsible Leadership using evidence from Public Universities in Uganda.
Effect of Firm Size on Short Term Debt of Firms Listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya
Authors: Pyoko Oliver Mukweyi , Muchiri Renson
Published: November 2023

The capacity of a firm, the diversity and number of production capabilities, or the quantity and multiplicity of services a firm may simultaneously give to its consumers can all be considered as part of the firm's size. Short-term obligations should be used to fund short-term assets. The study evaluated the effect of firm size on short term debt on companies listed on Nairobi securities exchange. The study was anchored on agency theory and the growth firm theory. The study utilized descriptive research design. The study used secondary data from annual accounting report of quoted firms on Nairobi securities exchange. Data analysis was performed in order to convert obtained data into a format that can be used for interpretation and conclusion, therefore analysis was based on panel data, the analysis was based on panel regression. Result demonstrated a negative and significant effect between firm size and short term debt. The study recommends that management of firms’ especially larger firms should access long term financing which can be more long term investment which can enhance firms’ growth and competitiveness and smaller firms should not rely on short term debt.
Farmers’ Perception towards Climate Change and its Effect on Agriculture in Kolar District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Harish Kumar H. R.  , Sreenivasa Murthy D.  , Ajayakumar  , Suman K. M.  , Karuna Sri K.
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to assess farmers' perception of climate change and its implications for agriculture in Kolar district, Karnataka, during the year 2021-22. Data from 80 respondents were collected using a multi-stage random sampling technique, employing a well-structured, pre-tested questionnaire administered through personal interviews. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and Garret's ranking technique were employed for data analysis. The results revealed that 40% of the respondents had been aware of climate change for the past five years, with farmers' personal observations being a primary source of information. Most farmers identified climate change through rising temperatures, irregular rainfall patterns, and increased overall rainfall. Respondents also noted climate change effects on agriculture, such as increased pest and disease occurrences, altered sowing periods, and heightened competition from weeds. Regression analysis indicated that factors such as education, the use of social media, sources of weather information, and farming experience had a positive and significant influence on farmers' perception levels. As a result, this study suggests the development of climate-based advisory services, including weather alerts, climate-resilient crop varieties, adaptation strategies, and enhanced weather forecasting systems by relevant government departments to mitigate the impacts of climate change on agriculture in the region.
Growth and Quality Profiency of Onion (Allium cepa L.) by Application of Biofertilizer, GA3 and Humic Acid
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Pandey B. R. , Bisen B. P. , Verma B. K. , Biswal Manoranjan , Awasthi Lallu Ram
Published: November 2023

During the Rabi season in 2022-2023, a comprehensive trial was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya. Employing a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), the research assessed twelve different interventions, consisting of biofertilizers, GA3, humic acid and a reference group. Notably, the combined application of Azotobacter, Azospirillum, GA3 and humic acid (T10) showcased substantial improvements in several growth parameters. These encompassed plant height (62.23 cm), number of leaves (10.18), length of leaves (54.08 cm), leaf area (624.65 cm²), leaf area index (4.16) and leaf diameter (8.14 mm). Additionally, this treatment recorded the highest Total Soluble Solids (TSS) at 12.37 °Brix. Moreover, the inclusion of sulphur and humic acid significantly affected the pyruvic acid content, with T10 recorded the highest pyruvate values (5.28 µmol/g). Conversely, the reference group (T12) only recorded slight improvements, emphasizing the noteworthy impact of the interventions on both the growth and qualitative characteristics of the onions.
Survey on the Intensity of Peduncle Blight and Anthracnose in Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) Cultivation in Northern Karnataka
Authors: Farooqkhan  , Yadahalli K. B. , Manjunath, S. E.  , Tharana Poonacha T.  , Nayak Anusha M. , Supriya, M. L.  , Ismayil, M. M. S.
Published: November 2023

A roving survey was carried out for peduncle blight and anthracnose of tuberose caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides respectively, in major affected areas of northern Karnataka. From the results obtained, it was clear that, vegetative state is more vulnerable to the attack of the pathogens then flowering stage irrespective of the locations. Red soil type recorded higher disease severity as compared to black soil. Among the surveyed areas, the severity of peduncle blight of tuberose was maximum in Tumminakatti village (45.33%) of Haveri district while anthracnose severity was maximum in Saidapur farm (31.11%) of Dharwad district. Least disease severity of peduncle blight and anthracnose was recorded in Chandanamatti (13.33%) and Nigadi (6.67%) villages of Dharwad taluk of Dharwad district respectively.
Impact of Bacterial Inoculums, Organic Residues and Mineral Fertilization Levels on Growth Traits of Dry Direct Seeded Rice Grown under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Sharanappa  , Halepyati A. S.  , Amaregouda A.  , Naik Chandra , Balanagoudar S. R.
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka during kharif seasons for two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) to study the influence of zinc and iron biofortification on physiological parameters of dry direct seeded rice under aerobic condition. The experiment was laid out in split plot design and comprised of two factors for the study viz., main plots and sub plot treatments. Perusal of pooled data of two years showed that, among the rice genotypes, G3: GNV-10-89 recorded significantly higher dry matter production accounted for 23.75, 69.92 and 82.73 g hill-1 at 60, 90 DAS and at harvest, respectively, leaf area 512.09, 543.92 and 376.57 cm2 hill-1, leaf area duration 45.60, 79.05 and 68.92 days and crop growth rate 34.78, 76.95 and 21.34 g cm-2 day-1 for the same sequences as compared to other genotype. With respect to micronutrient application, M6: Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 15 kg ha-1 and FeSO4 @ 10 kg ha-1 + foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0.5 % and FeSO4 @ 0.5 % at 30 and 45 DAS recorded significantly higher dry matter production (27.26, 80.88 and 93.22 g hill-1 at 60, 90 DAS and at harvest, respectively), leaf area (514.21, 542.65 and 382.68 cm2 hill-1 at 60, 90 DAS and at harvest, respectively), leaf area duration (46.27, 79.20 and 69.22 days during 30-60 DAS, 61-90 DAS and 91 DAS-at harvest, respectively) and crop growth rate (39.10, 89.37 and 20.56 g cm-2 day-1 at 30-60 DAS, at 61-90 DAS and at 91 DAS-at harvest, respectively) as compared to other micronutrient application. The observed trends during 2019 and 2020 were nearly closed to each other.
Influence of Vermicompost, Neem Cake and Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Economics of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Juyal Priyanka , Singh R. B. P. , Garg Kaustubh
Published: November 2023

The findings of the present investigation titled, Influence of vermicompost, neem cake and biofertilizers on growth, yield and economics of Green gram (Vigna radiata L.), carried out during the kharif season of 2023 at the Baba Farid Institute of Technology's Crop Research Farm in Dehradun. It is situated between latitude 30.3436 and longitude 77.9367. The Shivalik hills and the lower Himalayas in the Indian states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and Haryana are home to the extraordinarily wide and lengthy valley known as the doon valley. The investigation was conducted in Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 treatment combinations with 3 replications and was laid out with the different treatments allocated randomly in each replication. Application of vermicompost (1.25t/ha) + neem cake (0.625 t/ha) + rhizobium (10 g/kg seed) + PSB (10 g/kg seed), recorded maximum plant height (45.44 cm),  Number of branches per plant (6.08), number of nodules/plant (11.05), dry weight (g/plant) (6.57), no. of pods/plant (28.38), seeds per pod (10.13), test weight(g) (38.14), grain yield (1094.06 kg/ha), stover yield (1523.95 kg/ha) and biological yield (2618.01 kg/ha). Where the maximum gross return (101249.80 INR/ha), net return (76043.75 INR/ha) and B:C ratio (3.02) were also recorded with application of vermicompost (1.25 t/ha) + neem cake (0.625 t/ha) + rhizobium (10 g/kg seed) + PSB (10 g/kg seed).
STUDI TENTANG PETA KENDALI X TUNGGAL SEBAGAI PENGGANTI PETA KENDALI X DAN S
Authors: Octavia Tanti , Cenderakiawan Joni
Published: November 2023

Shewhart's dan S(or R) control charts have been used very widely in industries . For several decades, many researchers have endeavoured to develop new algorithms to raise the detecting effectiveness of the control charts. While these methods do increase detecting effectiveness, they usually increase the type I error at the same time. This error give the warning that process is unstable.

In this article, we design a single control chart to subtitute -S control chart that have the same sensitivity but doesn't increase error type I. We analyze those factors and their influence to a single and -S control chart. The ARL1 value in -S control chart i s compared with a single control chart . The result shows that a single control chart effective enough.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Sampai saat ini Peta Kendali dan S (atau R) merupakan peta kendali yang umum dipakai di kalangan industri. Pada beberapa dekade, sejumlah penelitian dilakukan untuk menemukan algoritma yang dapat meningkatkan kepekaan peta kendali dalam pendeteksian. Pada saat kepekaan peta kendali tersebut meningkat maka bersamaan dengan itu kesalahan dalam pendeteksian juga meningkat.

Di dalam artikel ini penulis mencoba membangun sebuah peta kendali tunggal yang dapat menggantikan peta kendali -S yang memiliki kepekaan sama tetapi tidak meningkatkan kesalahan jenis I. Untuk itu dilakukan simulasi yang menganalisa faktor-faktor tersebut dan pengaruhnya terhadap peta kendali -S dan tunggal. Nilai ARL1 peta kendali -S dibandingkan dengan nilai ARL1 peta kendali tunggal. Hasil simulasi menunujukkan bahwa peta kendali tunggal cukup efektif.

Kata kunci : ARL0, ARL1, a1
INSIDE CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT - A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Prajogo Daniel Indarto
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the concept of continuous improvement (CI) by looking beyond what traditionally highlighted in literature concerning continuous improvement or Total Quality Management (TQM). The primary argument put forwarded in the discussion is that despite the undeniable positive results from CI practices, the way these activities are implemented, however, will lead to most programs becoming self-limiting. It needs to be asserted here that this paper is not intended to despise CI, rather, its purpose is limited only to provide a balance on the prevailing positive views toward CI.
INOVASI PROSES DI SUATU INDUSTRI SANDAL
Authors: Handoyo Tandy Ivanno , Widiawan Kriswanto
Published: November 2023

The problem which will be discussed is assembly lines in the shop floor, especially in sewing department. This department used line process system, that arised problems such as process jam, delay, wasting time of workers and too much holding materials. This research introduced process innovation, i.e. forming work-groups among workers. There are two alternative ideas which will be assessed. First, work-groups by process. Second, work-groups by complete line. After choosing the best idea, then the process was followed up with line balancing method with COMSOAL (Computer Method of Sequencing for Assembly Lines). The result showed that the second idea (complete line work groups) is better than the first one. Efficiency improvement is 29.2 % compared by the efficiency before the application of line balancing.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Masalah yang akan dibahas adalah proses kerja pada lantai produksi di bagian jahit yang memberlakukan line process system. Proses ini menimbulkan kemacetan, keterlambatan, arus bolak-balik antar pekerja dan penumpukan material yang mengganggu produktivitas. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan inovasi proses pada sistem alur kerja dengan cara membentuk kelompok kerja. Ada dua ide alternatif kelompok kerja yang akan diuji, yaitu pengelompokan berdasarkan proses dan pengelompokan berdasarkan line utuh. Setelah terpilih ide alternatif terbaik, dilakukan keseimbangan lintasan dengan metode COMSOAL (Computer Method of Sequencing for Assembly Lines). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ide terbaik adalah pengelompokan dengan line utuh. Setelah dilakukan keseimbangan lintasan, diperoleh peningkatan efisiensi sebesar 29,2% dibandingkan kondisi sebelum diterapkan keseimbangan lintasan.

Kata kunci: inovasi proses, keseimbangan lintasan.
APLIKASI SPLINE ESTIMATOR TERBOBOT
Authors: Budiantara I Nyoman
Published: November 2023

We considered the nonparametric regression model : Zj = X(tj) + ej, j = 1,2,,n, where X(tj) is the regression curve. The random error ej are independently distributed normal with a zero mean and a variance s2/bj, bj > 0. The estimation of X obtained by minimizing a Weighted Least Square. The solution of this optimation is a Weighted Spline Polynomial. Further, we give an application of weigted spline estimator in nonparametric regression.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Diberikan model regresi nonparametrik : Zj = X(tj) + ej, j = 1,2,,n, dengan X (tj) kurva regresi dan ej sesatan random yang diasumsikan berdistribusi normal dengan mean nol dan variansi s2/bj, bj > 0. Estimasi kurva regresi X yang meminimumkan suatu Penalized Least Square Terbobot, merupakan estimator Polinomial Spline Natural Terbobot. Selanjutnya diberikan suatu aplikasi estimator spline terbobot dalam regresi nonparametrik.

Kata kunci: Spline terbobot, Regresi nonparametrik, Penalized Least Square.
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ALGORITMA GENETIKA DAN SIMULATED ANNEALING UNTUK MASALAH MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE PADA PENJADWALAN FLOWSHOP
Authors: Widyadana I Gede Agus , Pamungkas Andree
Published: November 2023

The research is focused on comparing Genetics algorithm and Simulated Annealing in the term of performa and processing time. The main purpose is to find out performance both of the algorithm to solve minimizing makespan and total flowtime in a particular flowshop system.

Performances of the algorithms are found by simulating problems with variation of jobs and machines combination. The result show the Simulated Annealing is much better than the Genetics up to 90%. The Genetics, however, only had score in processing time, but the trend that plotted suggest that in problems with lots of jobs and lots of machines, the Simulated Annealing will run much faster than the Genetics.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada pembandingan algoritma Genetika dan Simulated Annealing ditinjau dari aspek performa dan waktu proses. Tujuannya adalah untuk melihat kemampuan dua algoritma tersebut untuk menyelesaikan problem-problem penjadwalan flow shop dengan kriteria minimasi makespan dan total flowtime.

Kemampuan kedua algoritma tersebut dilihat dengan melakukan simulasi yang dilakukan pada kombinasi-kombinasi job dan mesin yang berbeda-beda. Hasil simulasi menunjukan algoritma Simulated Annealing lebih unggul dari algoritma Genetika hingga 90%, algoritma Genetika hanya unggul pada waktu proses saja, namun dengan tren waktu proses yang terbentuk, diyakini pada problem dengan kombinasi job dan mesin yang banyak, algoritma Simulated Annealing dapat lebih cepat daripada algoritma Genetika.

Kata kunci: Algoritma Genetika, Simulated Annealing, flow shop, makespan, total flowtime.
PENDEKATAN MODEL MATEMATIS UNTUK MENENTUKAN PERSENTASE MARKUP HARGA JUAL PRODUK
Authors: Yuliana Oviliani Yenty , Wahyudi Yohan , Halim Siana
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this research is to design Mathematical models that can determine the selling volume as an alternative to improve the markup percentage. Mathematical models was designed with double regression statistic. Selling volume is a function of markup, market condition, and substitute condition variables. The designed Mathematical model has fulfilled by the test of: error upon assumption, accurate model, validation model, and multi collinear problem.

The Mathematical model has applied in application program with expectation that the application program can give: (1) alternative to decide percentage markup for user, (2) Illustration of gross profit estimation that will be achieve for selected percentage markup, (3) Illustration of estimation percentage of the units sold that will be achieve for selected percentage markup, and (4) Illustration of total net income before tax will get for specific period.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang model Matematis guna menetapkan volume penjualan, sebagai alternatif untuk menentukan persentase markup harga jual produk. Model Matematis dirancang menggunakan Statistik Regresi Berganda. Volume penjualan merupakan fungsi dari variabel markup, kondisi pasar, dan kondisi pengganti. Model Matematis yang dirancang sudah memenuhi uji: asumsi atas error, akurasi model, validasi model, dan masalah multikolinearitas.

Rancangan model Matematis tersebut diterapkan dalam program aplikasi dengan harapan dapat memberi: (1) alternatif bagi pengguna mengenai berapa besar markup yang sebaiknya ditetapkan, (2) gambaran perkiraan laba kotor yang akan diperoleh setiap pemilihan markup, (3) gambaran perkiraan persentase unit yang terjual setiap pemilihan markup, dan (4) gambaran total laba kotor sebelum pajak yang dapat diperoleh pada periode yang bersangkutan.

Kata kunci: model Matematis, aplikasi program, volume penjualan, markup, laba kotor.
PERUMUSAN STRATEGI KEMITRAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP DAN SWOT (Studi Kasus pada Kemitraan PT. INKA dengan Industri Kecil Menengah di Wilayah Karesidenan Madiun)
Authors: Nurmianto Eko , Nasution Arman Hakim , Syafar Syafril
Published: November 2023

Research on Partnership strategy between PT. INKA and SMI (Small Medium Industry) conducted using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and SWOT Analysis. Problem statement: (1) Type of criteria required to build Partnership Strategy (2) How to formulate Partnership Strategy between them.

Results: (1) Performance of partnership model as follows : effectivity, profesionalism, supervisory, controlship, financial, development potency, and birocration procedure. (2) Weighted criteria effectivity 0.354, profesionalism 0.24, birocration procedure 0.159, supervisory 0.104, controlship 0.068, development potency 0.045, and financial 0.031. Model 2 (proposed) is a partnership model on partnership development between PT. INKA and SMI with the management of Financial Management Council (Badan Pengelola Dana BUMN).

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Perumusan strategi kemitraan PT. INKA dan Industri Kecil Menengah diteliti menggunakan AHP dan SWOT. Permasalahan adalah kriteria-kriteria yang dibutuhkan dalam menyusun dan merumuskan strategi kemitraan antara PT. INKA dan industri kecil binaan.

Hasil penelitian (1) Penilaian kinerja dari model kemitraan terdapat beberapa kriteria yang digunakan yaitu: efektivitas, profesionalitas, pembinaan, pengawasan, modal, potensi pengembangan, dan prosedur birokrasi. (2) Bobot kriteria: efektivitas 0.354, profesionalitas 0.24, prosedur birokrasi 0.159, pembinaan 0.104, pengawasan 0.068, potensi pengembangan 0.045, dan modal 0.031. Model 2 (usulan) adalah model kemitraan yang memfokuskan pengembangan kemitraan antara PT. INKA dan IKM dengan pengelolaan yang lebih profesional dengan adanya Badan Pengelola Dana BUMN yang bersifat mandiri.

Kata kunci: Perumusan strategi, AHP, SWOT, Model kemitraan BUMN-IKM.
PERANCANGAN BERBASIS KOMPUTER UNTUK REKAYASA PRODUK DAN PROSES KOMPLEKS
Authors: Ferryanto Liem
Published: November 2023

We enhanced DFSS Characterize and Optimize Phases to deal with multiple and functional response optimization. The enhancement basically starts with a development of functional meta-models of CAE outputs that are fast-to-compute and accurate enough within a certain design space. Having developed the multiple and functional meta-models, the influence of design variables to the functional responses are then obtained via visualization and sensitivity analysis based on Sobol's index. Multi-objective optimization is finally applied to search for design variable settings that give optimal functional responses.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Di artikel ini kita memperkaya fase-fase Characterize and Optimize dari design for six sigma (DFSS) methodology untuk bisa menyelesaikan rekayasa produk dan proses kompleks yang mengandung banyak respons fungsional. Pemerkayaan dimulai dengan pembangunan meta-model fungsional dari keluaran computer aided engineering (CAE) yang diperoleh lewat rancangan eksperimental. Kemudian, dilanjutkan dengan pembangunan sebuah algoritma untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat pengaruh dari variabel-variable rancangan ke respons fungsional secara visual maupun analitis. Akhirnya, optimasi multi obyektif diterapkan untuk mencari nilai-nilai variabel design yang mampu memberikan respons fungsional secara optimal dan tangguh.

Kata-kunci: perancangan berbasis komputer, response fungsional.
Characterizing Gender Eligibility Descriptions for Clinical Trials Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Burton Amanda , Mohan Swapna , Puplampu-Dove Yvonne , Tse Tony
Published: November 2023

This cross-sectional, exploratory study uses ClinicalTrials.gov data from trials initiated on or after January 18, 2017, to characterize the use of a new free-text “gender eligibility description” data field; reports the frequency of gender identity terms used; and assesses the correct or incorrect use of the field.
Adoption of Emergency Department–Initiated Buprenorphine for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Gao Evangeline , Melnick Edward R. , Paek Hyung , Nath Bidisha , Taylor R. Andrew , Loza Andrew J.
Published: November 2023

Importance

Emergency department (ED) initiation of buprenorphine is safe and effective but underutilized in practice. Understanding the factors affecting adoption of this practice could inform more effective interventions.

Objective

To quantify the factors, including social contagion, associated with the adoption of the practice of ED initiation of buprenorphine for patients with opioid use disorder.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This is a secondary analysis of the EMBED (Emergency Department-Initiated Buprenorphine For Opioid Use Disorder) trial, a multicentered, cluster randomized trial of a clinical decision support intervention targeting ED initiation of buprenorphine. The trial occurred from November 2019 to May 2021. The study was conducted at ED clusters across health care systems from the northeast, southeast, and western regions of the US and included attending physicians, resident physicians, and advanced practice practitioners. Data analysis was performed from August 2022 to June 2023.

Exposures

This analysis included both the intervention and nonintervention groups of the EMBED trial. Graph methods were used to construct the network of clinicians who shared in the care of patients for whom buprenorphine was initiated during the trial before initiating the practice themselves, termed exposure.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Cox proportional hazard modeling with time-dependent covariates was performed to assess the association of the number of these exposures with self-adoption of the practice of ED initiation of buprenorphine while adjusting for clinician role, health care system, and intervention site status.

Results

A total of 1026 unique clinicians in 18 ED clusters across 5 health care systems were included. Analysis showed associations of the cumulative number of exposures to others initiating buprenorphine with the self-practice of buprenorphine initiation. This increased in a dose-dependent manner (1 exposure: hazard ratio [HR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.16-1.48; 5 exposures: HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.66-4.89; 10 exposures: HR, 3.55; 95% CI, 1.47-8.58). Intervention site status was associated with practice adoption (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.04-2.18). Health care system and clinician role were also associated with practice adoption.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this secondary analysis of a multicenter, cluster randomized trial of a clinical decision support tool for buprenorphine initiation, the number of exposures to ED initiation of buprenorphine and the trial intervention were associated with uptake of ED initiation of buprenorphine. Although systems-level approaches are necessary to increase the rate of buprenorphine initiation, individual clinicians may change practice of those around them.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03658642
The golden native drone fly (Eristalinus punctulatus) is an effective hybrid carrot pollinator that lives within Australian crop agroecosystems
Authors: Davis Abby E. , Schmidt Lena A. , Santos Karen C. B. S. , Martin Lucie , Harrington Samantha , Rocchetti Maurizio , Hocking Brad , Wright Derek , Spurr Cameron , Cook David , Rader Romina
Published: November 2023

Native insect flower visitors can be important contributors to crop pollination, yet little is known of their pollination abilities and the resources (habitat) they need to be supported within crop agroecosystems.

Here, we compared the abundance and pollination abilities of the golden drone fly (Eristalinus punctulatus) to the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) in hybrid carrot crop fields known to produce variable seed yields in regional New South Wales, Australia. We further observed the egg‐laying behaviours of female golden drone flies at a commercial berry orchard to provide insight into the habitat needs of this species.

In hybrid carrot crop fields, golden drone flies were far less abundant flower visitors than European honey bees; however, these flies deposited more carrot pollen grains on average (8.21 ± 3.04 SE) onto carrot flowers than European honey bees (3.45 ± 1.06 SE). Both insects also deposited pollen onto a similar number of carrot flowers (pollinated) per visit (about 2 out of 18).

Golden drone flies were observed laying eggs within masses of discarded red raspberry plant roots and soil (root balls) at a commercial berry orchard. The natural habitat utilised by these flies, as well as their egg‐laying behaviours, were described for the first time.

Our results indicate that golden drone flies are effective pollinators of hybrid carrot crop plants. The habitat that these flies utilised to lay eggs (discarded plants and water) is cheap and commonly found in crop agroecosystems. Therefore, we recommend placing this low‐cost habitat within, or nearby, crop fields as a potential management practice to support the lifecycle needs of golden drone flies and other non‐bee pollinators.
Risks still prevail from abrupt discontinuation of opioids for pain
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: November 2023

Newly released data for opioid pain treatment episodes during the 2014–2020 period suggest that while the dangerous practice of abrupt discontinuation of high‐dose opioids slowed over that time, its overall prevalence remains a concern. The findings of the cohort study also revealed that men and Black patients are most susceptible to this practice, suggesting yet another disparity in access to high‐quality medical care.
Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Cu–Al–Ni–Mn Shape‐Memory Alloy for the Application of Active Heat Sinks: Processability, Microstructures, and Shape‐Memory Effect
Authors: Lin Kaijie , Tian Haodong , Gu Dongdong , Wang Chaochao , Yuan Luhao , Sun Jianfeng
Published: November 2023

Cu‐based shape‐memory alloys (Cu‐based SMAs) demonstrate prospects in active heat sinks due to their excellent thermal conductivity, high transformation temperature, and low cost. However, their inferior mechanical properties have hindered their industrial application. Previous studies have indicated that mechanical properties can be improved by decreasing grain size and minimizing microstructural segregation, which can be achieved by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. This work investigates the influence of process parameters on the processability, microstructure, and shape‐memory effect (SME) of 81.95Cu–11.85Al–3.2Ni–3Mn (wt%) thin‐walled samples fabricated by LPBF. Results reveal that laser power and scanning speed significantly affect the relative density of the Cu‐based SMA thin‐walled samples, and higher laser power and scanning speed contribute to better processability. Additionally, the high cooling rate during the LPBF process facilitates the formation of β1′ martensite without requiring posttreatment, and the size of the β1′ martensite decreases with increasing scanning speed. In bending‐recovery experiments, specimens fabricated at higher scanning speed exhibit the highest SME recovery rate and bending angle. Moreover, the test confirms that Cu‐based SMA formed at lower scanning speeds exhibits even higher thermal conductivity. This work shows the potential of fabricating high‐performance Cu‐based SMA components by LPBF.
Topology Design of 3D Printing Continuous Fiber‐Reinforced Structure Considering Strength and Non‐Equidistant Fiber
Authors: Zhang Feng , Li Bowen , Wo Wuzhan , Hu Xiaobin , Chang Min , Jin Peng
Published: November 2023

The utilization of continuous fiber‐reinforced composites (CFRC) technology in 3D printing opens up new avenues for designing composite products. This paper introduces a novel parallel topology optimization framework tailored for CFRC 3D printing. The framework incorporates strength constraints and uses topology, fiber volume fraction, and fiber orientation as essential design variables. A fiber material interpolation model for multiple design variables is proposed based on the law of mixtures for composites. Bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization and solid isotropic material with penalization are used for optimization of topology and fiber volume fraction, respectively, while the fiber orientation herein is determined using the principal stress method. Strength constraint is considered according to Tsai–Hill criterion. To match manufacturing process demands, a nonequidistant continuous fiber path optimization method based on Hermite interpolation function is introduced. The optimization framework introduced herein is successfully used for optimal design of L‐shaped beam, cantilever beam, and Michell beam. It is concluded that the design space of composite structure can be further broadened using the proposed method. To validate the viability of the proposed optimization method and fiber path design approach, the optimization results are printed using a custom‐developed continuous fiber 3D printer.
Spatially Tuned Properties in a Bulk Fe–Co Soft Magnetic Alloy via Transverse Induction Annealing and Feasibility Study for Motor Applications
Authors: Paplham Tyler W. , Greve David W. , Ghosh Mohendro K. , Wewer Lauren , Ohodnicki Paul R.
Published: November 2023

Electric vehicle adoption has seen a dramatic upward trend in the last decade. Maximal efficiency of electric motor technology for maximum range, achieved by minimizing losses experienced by motor stator and rotor, is limited by a trade‐off with high strength, as necessary to withstand torque experienced during operation. Spatial tailoring of magnetic and mechanical properties for optimized magnetic performance while retaining sufficient mechanical strength is a desirable pathway toward improved performance. Here, radiofrequency transverse induction annealing is demonstrated as a novel pathway to continuous spatial variation in microstructure of bulk crystalline soft magnetic alloys, providing a novel processing route to spatially tuned properties. Via local control of grain size, magnetic and mechanical properties may be separately prioritized as functions of position, enabling optimized stator laminations with reduced losses while retaining requisite mechanical strength. Experiment and finite element modeling demonstrate that a cylindrical induction coil can impose significant microstructure and property variation in a Fe–Co bulk crystalline soft magnetic alloy. A basic feasibility study follows, examining improved performance of a motor containing a stator with radial variation in coercivity. Results indicate future potential for co‐optimization of spatial thermal processing of magnetic laminations with motor designs for unprecedented performance.
Self‐Reliant Nanomedicine with Long‐Lasting Glutathione Depletion Ability Disrupts Adaptive Redox Homeostasis and Suppresses Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Xiong Yuxuan , Yong Zhengtao , Li Shiyou , Wang Qiang , Chen Xiang , Zhang Zhijie , Zhao Qingfu , Deng Qingyuan , Yang Xiangliang , Li Zifu
Published: November 2023

Bulk cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) harbor efficient and adaptive redox systems to help them resist oxidative insults arising from diverse therapeutic modalities. Herein, a tumor microenvironment (TME)‐activatable nano‐modulator capable of disrupting adaptive redox homeostasis, prepared by integrating FDA‐approved xCT inhibitor sulfasalazine (SSZ) into pH‐responsive hydroxyethyl starch‐doxorubicin conjugate stabilized copper peroxide nanoparticles (HSCPs) is reported. Compared to poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)‐stabilized copper peroxide nanoparticles, HSCPs exhibit superior physiological stability, longer circulation half‐life, and higher tumor enrichment. Under an acidic TME, the active components inside HSCPs are productively released along with the disintegration of HSCPs. The specifically generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from copper peroxide nanoparticles furnishes a constant power source for copper‐mediated hydroxyl radical (•OH) production, serving as a wealthy supplier for oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the tumor‐specific release of Cu2+ and SSZ can induce long‐lasting glutathione (GSH) depletion via copper‐mediated self‐cycling valence transitions and SSZ‐blocked GSH biosynthesis, thereby reducing the offsetting action of the antioxidant GSH against oxidative stress. As a result, this sustained oxidative stress potently restrains the growth of aggressive orthotopic breast tumors while suppressing pulmonary metastasis by eradicating CSC populations. The reported smart nanomedicine provides a new paradigm for redox imbalance‐triggered cancer therapy.
Time Dependence of Kinetic Unmixing and Kinetic Decomposition of a Perovskite ABO3 under Applied Voltage—A Case Study for BaTiO3
Authors: Ader Christiane , Chun Jakyu , Yoo Han‐Ill , Martin Manfred
Published: November 2023

In multinary oxides such as perovskites ABO3, an applied voltage causes charged mobile species (ions, electrons) to move according to their electrochemical mobilities. For different electrochemical mobilities of the cations kinetic unmixing takes place, and after some time even kinetic decomposition may occur. Both kinetic effects are detrimental to the functional application of the oxide, for example, in electrochemical cells or in multilayer ceramic capacitors. Thus far, kinetic unmixing and decomposition are analyzed by treating ABO3 only as a quasi‐binary mixture of AO and BO2, acceptors are not considered, and only the steady state of kinetic unmixing is investigated, allowing no prediction of the lifetime until kinetic decomposition. Here, ABO3 is treated as a really ternary system with defects in all three sublattices and with electronic defects. The complete set of transport equations is derived, and the moving boundary problem with six mobile species is solved numerically to investigate the time‐dependence of kinetic unmixing. As a case study, BaTiO3 is used which has various applications as a functional oxide. The simulations yield the kinetic decomposition voltage of the oxide, below which no kinetic decomposition occurs. For voltages larger than this critical value the lifetime of the oxide until kinetic decomposition is predicted.