bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polygenic Risk Scores and Physical Activity
Authors: KUJALA URHO M. , PALVIAINEN TEEMU , PESONEN PAULA , WALLER KATJA , SILLANPÄÄ ELINA , NIEMELÄ MAISA , KANGAS MAARIT , VÄHÄ-YPYÄ HENRI , SIEVÄNEN HARRI , KORPELAINEN RAIJA , JÄMSÄ TIMO , MÄNNIKKÖ MINNA , KAPRIO JAAKKO
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) summarize genome-wide genotype data into a single variable that produces an individual-level risk score for genetic liability. PRS has been used for prediction of chronic diseases and some risk factors. As PRS has been studied less for physical activity (PA), we constructed PRS for PA and studied how much variation in PA can be explained by this PRS in independent population samples.

Methods

We calculated PRS for self-reported and objectively measured PA using UK Biobank genome-wide association study summary statistics, and analyzed how much of the variation in self-reported (MET-hours per day) and measured (steps and moderate-to-vigorous PA minutes per day) PA could be accounted for by the PRS in the Finnish Twin Cohorts (FTC; N = 759–11,528) and the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966; N = 3263–4061). Objective measurement of PA was done with wrist-worn accelerometer in UK Biobank and NFBC1966 studies, and with hip-worn accelerometer in the FTC.

Results

The PRS accounted from 0.07% to 1.44% of the variation (R
2) in the self-reported and objectively measured PA volumes (P value range = 0.023 to <0.0001) in the FTC and NFBC1966. For both self-reported and objectively measured PA, individuals in the highest PRS deciles had significantly (11%–28%) higher PA volumes compared with the lowest PRS deciles (P value range = 0.017 to <0.0001).

Conclusions

PA is a multifactorial phenotype, and the PRS constructed based on UK Biobank results accounted for statistically significant but overall small proportion of the variation in PA in the Finnish cohorts. Using identical methods to assess PA and including less common and rare variants in the construction of PRS may increase the proportion of PA explained by the PRS.
Axon microdissection and transcriptome profiling reveals the in vivo RNA content of fully differentiated myelinated motor axons
Authors: Farias Joaquina , Holt Christine E. , Sotelo José R. , Sotelo-Silveira José R.
Published: February 2020

Axonal protein synthesis has been shown to play a role in developmental and regenerative growth, as well as in the maintenance of the axoplasm in a steady state. Recent studies have begun to identify the mRNAs localized in axons, which could be translated locally under different conditions. Despite that by now hundreds or thousands of mRNAs have been shown to be localized into the axonal compartment of cultured neurons in vitro, knowledge of which mRNAs are localized in mature myelinated axons is quite limited. With the purpose of characterizing the transcriptome of mature myelinated motor axons of peripheral nervous systems, we modified the axon microdissection method devised by Koenig, enabling the isolation of the axoplasm RNA to perform RNA-seq analysis. The transcriptome analysis indicates that the number of RNAs detected in mature axons is lower in comparison with in vitro data, depleted of glial markers, and enriched in neuronal markers. The mature myelinated axons are enriched for mRNAs related to cytoskeleton, translation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, it was possible to define core genes present in axons when comparing our data with transcriptomic data of axons grown in different conditions. This work provides evidence that axon microdissection is a valuable method to obtain genome-wide data from mature and myelinated axons of the peripheral nervous system, and could be especially useful for the study of axonal involvement in neurodegenerative pathologies of motor neurons such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophies (SMA).
To live and age as who we really are
Authors: Roe Lorna , Galvin Miriam , Booi Laura , Brandao Lenisa , Leon Salas Jorge , McGlinchey Eimear , Walrath Dana
Published: February 2020

This Open Letter discusses the theme of ‘diversity in brain health’ in research, practice and policy for older LGBT+ people. It is written by a multidisciplinary group of Atlantic Fellows for Equity in Brain Health at the Global Brain Health Institute in Trinity College Dublin (TCD), from a variety of disciplines (health economics, human geography, anthropology, psychology, gerontology) and professions (researcher, clinicians, writers, practicing artists). The group developed a workshop to explore the theme of ‘Diversity and Brain Health’ through the lens of non-normative gender identities and sexualities. Guided by two advisors (Prof Agnes Higgins, TCD; Mr Ciaran McKinney, Age and Opportunity), we invited older LGBT+ people and those interested in the topic of LGBT+ and ageing, healthcare providers, policy makers and interested members of the research community. We partnered with colleagues in the School of Law to include socio-legal perspectives. Following the workshop, Roe and Walrath wrote an opinion editorial, published in the Irish Times during the 2019 PRIDE festival, and were subsequently invited by HRB Open Access to provide a more detailed expansion of that work. In this Open Letter we describe the theme of ‘diversity and brain health’ and some of the lessons we learned from listening to the lived experience of older LGBT+ people in Ireland today. We illustrate why it’s important to understand the lived experience of older LGBT+ people and highlight the failure of the State to evaluate the experience of LGBT+ people in policy implementation. We call on researchers, clinicians, service planners and policy makers, to recognize and address diversity as an important way to address health inequities in Ireland.
Significance of the proper acclimatization, use of the acetazolamide and dexamethasone in prevention of acute mountain sickness (AMS) – literature review
Authors: Mazur Karol , Machaj Dominik , Jastrzębska Sandra , Płaczek Alicja , Mazur Dominika
Published: February 2020

Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is an ilness, that occurs in non-acclimatized individuals after rapid ascent to high altitude, typically above 2,500 metres (8,000 ft). The main causes of the AMS are: reduced air pressure and lower oxygen levels at high altitudes. The early symptoms of AMS are non-specific such as: headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, and sleep disturbance, but not all need to be present at one time. It is very important to recognise the early symptoms of AMS and to start the treatment, because untreated AMS can progress to the life‐threatening: high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) and high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Treatment of AMS consists of stabilization of the patient conditon, descent to lower altitude, oxygen therapy and administering acetazolamide and dexamethasone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of the proper acclimatization, use of the acetazolamide and dexamethasone in prevention of acute mountain sickness (AMS).Proper acclimatization, use of the acetazolamide and dexamethasone are highly effective  in prevention of occurrence and reducing the symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Pharmacological prophylaxis is not necessary in low-risk situations but should be considered in addition to gradual ascent for use in moderate- to high-risk situations  Acetazolamide should be strongly considered in climbers and travelers at moderate or high risk of AMS with ascent to high altitude. Dexamethasone can be used as an alternative in individuals with a history of intolerance of or allergic reaction to acetazolamide. In rare circumstances (eg, military or rescue teams that must ascend rapidly to and perform physical work at >3500 m), consideration can be given to concurrent use of acetazolamide and dexamethasone.
The Theory and Practice of Investor Relations: A Global Perspective
Authors: Karolyi G. Andrew , Kim Dawoon , Liao Rose
Published: February 2020

Using proprietary survey data of investor relations (IR) officers from 59 countries, we uncover new stylized facts on a wide variety of IR functions, such as the firm’s interactions with brokers and investors, the formulation of its disclosure policies, and its global outreach efforts. We find that IR activities vary widely across firms, industries, and countries. They have become increasingly important, as reflected by the more frequent involvement of IR officers with senior executives on a day-to-day basis. We also find that large and complex firms receiving greater media attention engage more in IR activities. In addition, firms domiciled in countries with weaker legal protections for investors and poorer disclosure standards, those cross-listed in the stock markets that are outperforming, and those with high global media visibility invest in greater global outreach efforts with IR activities. Firms’ IR efforts to investors worldwide are associated with higher Tobin’s q valuation ratios. We interpret our findings in the context of theories and existing evidence on the role of asymmetric information and governance problems in global markets.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK IPA BERBASIS KARAKTER PEDULI LINGKUNGAN PADA MATERI STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI BAGIAN TUMBUHAN (Uji Coba Siswa Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Kleco)
Authors: Trisnaningsih Arum Syafrilia , Maryani Ika
Published: February 2020

This study aims to: 1) know the development steps of IPA based on environmental character concerns on the structure and function of the pupil part IV grade elementary school, 2) to know the feasibility of science-based character-based IPA character on the material structure and function of plant part IV fourth grade. This research is a research development (Research and Development) using a model used by Robert Maribe Brance is the development of ADDIE. The subject of this research is the fourth grader of SD Muhammadiyah Kleco Kotagede Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques on product trials using teacher and student assessment questionnaires.The results showed that the assessment of media experts get the value of 83.3 with the category of "very decent". Expert assessment of the material score of 87.5 with the category "very feasible". Assessment of learning experts get the value of 95.8 with the category "very feasible". The conclusion from the researchers that the media has been feasible and effective use as a medium of learning for teachers and students of grade IV primary school.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS 5 PADA MATA PELAJARAN PKN DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH KAUMAN TAHUN 2016/ 2017
Authors: Septiana Tri Siwi , Kurniawan M. Ragil
Published: February 2020

This study aims to improve students' critical thinking skills in Civics in 5th grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Kauman, Yogyakarta using Problem Based Learning model. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK). The subjects of the study were 5th grade students of B1 SD Muhammadiyah Kauman. The object of research is the whole process and the results of learning Civics with the application of Problem Based Learning model. This research was conducted at SD Muhammadiyah Pakel Yogyakarta in April until May 2017. Data collection techniques used were observation, diary, interview and test. Data analysis technique is done descriptively qualitative. This research was conducted in 2 cycles by applying problem based learning model. The learning steps that were implemented were changes in the delivery of the subject matter, the students analyzed the problem, the formation of the discussion group with the grouping of students based on their achievement, the students in group for discussion, the group members delivered the discussion result in front of the class.The results showed that the critical thinking ability of the 5th grade students of B1 SD Muhammadiyah Kauman, Yogyakarta increased after the use of Problem Based Learning model in Civics learning with the subject matter of the example of central and regional legislation. This improvement is evident in the improvement of students' critical thinking skill test result from 12.90% pretreatment score to 51.61% (enough) in cycle I and increased to 70.96% (good) in cycle II. The results of activity observations related to students' critical thinking skills are increased among others: active students in learning, students more freely in finding and collecting desired information, and students also have more opportunities to learn with friends.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL QUANTUM LEARNING PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA MATERI PENYESIAIAN DIRI MAKHLUK HIDUP KELAS V SD MUHAMMADIYAH BAUSASRAN
Authors: Cahyo Hendi Dwi , Maryani Ika
Published: February 2020

The material taught at this time is increasingly difficult, the way to teach teachers is still conventional, the lack of media and learning facilities, especially in science learning which requires concrete understanding. This study aims to improve motivation and learning outcomes in science lessons through Quantum Learning for fifth grade students at SD Muhammadiyah Bausasran. The subjects in this study were fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Bausasran. The object in this study is the motivation and learning outcomes of science using the Quantum Learning model. Data collection techniques used in the form of observation, tests, and interviews. While the analysis technique uses descriptive quantitative. The research carried out belongs to the type of Class Action Research which consists of two cycles. The criteria for success of action in this study are seen from the increase in motivation and learning outcomes of science using Quantum Learning. The results showed that the activities and learning outcomes of science used Quantum Learning models from cycle I and Cycle II experienced an increase. The results of observation of motivation of students in the first cycle of the first meeting the percentage value of 35.33% reached the criteria of "low", the second meeting obtained a percentage of 45.44% which reached the criteria of "sufficient". In the second cycle the first meeting percentage was 68.76% and reached the criteria of "high" while the second meeting received a percentage of 93.95% with the criteria of "very high". Whereas in the learning outcomes of students of science subjects using the Quantum Learning model based on the results of the pretest and posttest conducted the results obtained in the first cycle the percentage completeness of the class from the first cycle of the first meeting was 8.33%, while the second meeting was 33.33%. In the second cycle the first meeting became 79.17% and at the second meeting it became 95.83%. The results of the percentage of completeness have reached the completeness value> 70%.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK DENGAN METODE GLOBAL KELAS 1 SDN KAJEN 02
Authors: Aji Gagas Pamulyo , Riyanto Sugeng
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the improvement of early reading skills in studentsin using global methods for grade 1 Kajen Negri Elementary School 02. Background This study is that there are still many students who cannot read. Another condition is that many teachers present learning by emphasizing material that only focuses on thematic books and does not yet utilize contextual approaches. This research was conducted using two cycles. Each cycle consists of two meetings. The study subjects numbered 23 students, including 13 male students and 10 female students. The object of this research is the application of initial reading skills in the thematic learning subtheme 1 (me and a new friend). Data collection techniques in the form of tests, observations, documentation and interviews. Data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that the application of global methods can improve initial reading skills in students. Students who get the value of complete reading skills in pre-cycle as much as 48% (11 students). In the first cycle the average value of students who completed 67, with a percentage of completeness of 61% (14 students). In the second cycle the average value of students who completed was 76.3 with a percentage of completeness 78% (18 students). It can be concluded that the global method can improve initial reading skills, thus the researcher's suggestions for teachers should apply the global method in beginning reading skills.
Rare health conditions 32: psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES); pseudocyesis (false pregnancy); trisomy 13 syndrome; and pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE)
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this series is to highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than 1 person in every 2000 and many healthcare assistants (HCAs) and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 32nd article will explore four of these conditions: psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES); pseudocyesis (false pregnancy); trisomy 13 syndrome; and pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE).
First-order statistics of the phase in optical vortex speckles
Authors: Acevedo Cristian Hernando , Guzman-Sepulveda Jose R. , Dogariu Aristide
Published: February 2020

We present the theoretical analysis of first-order statistics of the
phase in a far-field speckle field, which originates from an optical
vortex passing through a random phase screen. By using the concept of
the equiprobability density ellipse, we show that the standard
deviation of the phase in a speckle field varies non-monotonically in
the radial direction and, more interestingly, it exhibits a minimum at
a certain radial position determined by the topological charge. In the
limit of zero topological charge, the phase statistics naturally
converges to the expectation corresponding to the incident Gaussian
beam.
Generalized extreme-value distribution of maximum intensities and Lévy-like behavior in an SOA-based random feedback laser emission
Authors: Lima Bismarck Costa , Tovar Pedro , von der Weid Jean Pierre
Published: February 2020

We report on generalized extreme value distribution of the maximum output intensities in a random feedback laser (RFL) emission, with localized gain provided by a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Feedback due to Rayleigh backscattering from a single-mode fiber sustains the laser oscillation in a half-open cavity configuration. The experimental distribution of maximum output intensities near threshold is described by Fréchet distribution, and the distribution of intensities is associated with a heavy-tail power-law distribution. Increasing the pump above the threshold, the distribution of maxima tends to a Gumbel distribution. We also present experimental evidence of Lévy-like behavior in the SOA-RFL output intensities operating near the laser threshold, which is in agreement with extreme value statistics predictions.
LED as laboratory test source for astronomical intensity interferometry
Authors: Zmija Andreas , Deiml Peter , Malyshev Dmitry , Zink Adrian , Anton Gisela , Michel Thilo , Funk Stefan
Published: February 2020

The challenge of astronomical intensity interferometry is to detect the small photon-bunching signals of distant sources with a broad optical bandwidth. We have built a Hanbury Brown-Twiss-like laboratory intensity interferometer with a focus on a relatively broad bandwidth (

1

nm FWHM optical filter) and high photon rates (up to

10

MHz) per channel compared to typical (non-astronomical) intensity interferometry applications. As a light source we use a green LED to simulate starlight. The LED has proven to be a compact high-power source of stochastic light with a special advantage of a small emission area, which favours spatial coherence. Using single-photon correlations, we detect a bunching signal in the second-order correlation function with a coherence time of

<
1

ps and an amplitude of

<
4
⋅

10

−
4

and describe signal and background quantitatively for a

40

hours measurement. In this paper we show our setup, present the correlation measurements and compare them to theoretical expectations.
Verified equivalent-circuit model for slot-waveguide modulators
Authors: Zwickel Heiner , Singer Stefan , Kieninger Clemens , Kutuvantavida Yasar , Muradyan Narek , Wahlbrink Thorsten , Yokoyama Shiyoshi , Randel Sebastian , Freude Wolfgang , Koos Christian
Published: February 2020

We formulate and experimentally validate an equivalent-circuit model based on distributed elements to describe the electric and electro-optic (EO) properties of travelling-wave silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) slot-waveguide modulators. The model allows to reliably predict the small-signal EO frequency response of the modulators exploiting purely electrical measurements of the frequency-dependent RF transmission characteristics. We experimentally verify the validity of our model, and we formulate design guidelines for an optimum trade-off between optical loss due to free-carrier absorption (FCA), electro-optic bandwidth, and π-voltage of SOH slot-waveguide modulators.
Deep learning reconstruction of ultrashort pulses from 2D spatial intensity patterns recorded by an all-in-line system in a single-shot
Authors: Ziv Ron , Dikopoltsev Alex , Zahavy Tom , Rubinstein Ittai , Sidorenko Pavel , Cohen Oren , Segev Mordechai
Published: February 2020

We propose a simple all-in-line single-shot scheme for diagnostics of ultrashort laser pulses, consisting of a multi-mode fiber, a nonlinear crystal and a camera. The system records a 2D spatial intensity pattern, from which the pulse shape (amplitude and phase) are recovered, through a fast Deep Learning algorithm. We explore this scheme in simulations and demonstrate the recovery of ultrashort pulses, robustness to noise in measurements and to inaccuracies in the parameters of the system components. Our technique mitigates the need for commonly used iterative optimization reconstruction methods, which are usually slow and hampered by the presence of noise. These features make our concept system advantageous for real time probing of ultrafast processes and noisy conditions. Moreover, this work exemplifies that using deep learning we can unlock new types of systems for pulse recovery.
All-optical switching of a dye-doped liquid crystal plasmonic metasurface
Authors: Atorf Bernhard , Mühlenbernd Holger , Zentgraf Thomas , Kitzerow Heinz
Published: February 2020

A switchable metasurface composed of plasmonic split ring resonators and a dye-doped liquid crystal is developed. The transmission of the metasurface in the infrared spectral range can be changed by illuminating the dye-doped liquid crystal with light in the visible spectral range. The effect is particularly efficient in the case of hybrid alignment of the liquid crystal, i. e. alignment of the director perpendicular to the surface on one substrate and parallel alignment on the counter substrate. This all-optical switching effect can be attributed to the behavior described in earlier works as colossal optical nonlinearity or surface-induced nonlinear optical effect.
Investigation of P
T- and P
T-antisymmetry in two dimensional (2D) optical lattices
Authors: Abbas Muqaddar , Khurshid Aqiba , Hussain Ibrar , Ziauddin
Published: February 2020

A collection of cold rubidium atoms in three-level configuration trapped in two dimensional (2D) optical lattices is revisited. The trapped atoms are considered in the Gaussian density distribution and we study the realization of

P
T

-, non-

P
T

-, and

P
T

-antisymmetry in 2D optical lattices. Such a fascinating modulation is achieved by spatially modulating the intensity of the driving field. Interestingly, control over

P
T

- to non-

P
T

-symmetry and vice versa in 2D optical lattices is achieved via a single knob such as microwave field, probe field and relative phase of optical and microwave fields. In addition, control over

P
T

-antisymmetry to non-

P
T

-symmetry and vice versa is also achieved via relative phase. The coherent control of

P
T

- non-

P
T

- and

P
T

-antisymmetry in optical susceptibility of 2D atomic lattices can be extended to 2D optical devices including modulators, detectors, and the 2D atomic lattices can also be extended to photonic transistors and diodes.
Broadly tunable linewidth-invariant Raman Stokes comb for selective resonance photoionization
Authors: Echarri Daniel T. , Chrysalidis Katerina , Fedosseev Valentin N. , Marsh Bruce A. , Mildren Richard P. , Olaizola Santiago M. , Spence David J. , Wilkins Shane G. , Granados Eduardo
Published: February 2020

We demonstrate a continuously tunable, multi-Stokes Raman laser operating in the visible range (420 - 600 nm). Full spectral coverage was achieved by efficiently cascading the Raman shifted output of a tunable, frequency-doubled Ti:Sapphire laser. Using an optimized hemi-spherical external Raman cavity composed only of a diamond crystal and a single reflecting mirror, producing high power output at high conversion efficiency (>60 % from pump to Stokes) for a broad range of wavelengths across the visible. Enhancement of the cascading was achieved by controlling the polarization state of the pump and Stokes orders. The Stokes outputs exhibited a linewidth of 11 ± 1 GHz for each order, resembling the pump laser linewidth, enabling its use for the intended spectroscopic applications. Furthermore, the Raman laser performance was demonstrated by applying it for the resonance excitation of atomic transitions in calcium.
Surface intrusion event identification for subway tunnels using ultra-weak FBG array based fiber sensing
Authors: Xin Liping , Li Zhengying , Gui Xin , Fu Xuelei , Fan Minlang , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Honghai
Published: February 2020

A scheme is proposed for the identification of surface intrusion events, from signals detected by an ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating array in a subway tunnel. The spectral subtraction and the root mean square of the power spectral density are combined to extract event signals. The local characteristics-scale decomposition and the multi-scale permutation entropy are employed subsequently for feature extraction, which can improve the event recognition rate from the perspective of multi-scale analysis. Experimental demonstration verifies that the proposed scheme can identify four common events. Among the events, the discrete pulse construction and the continuous pulse construction on the ground surface are intrusion events, the subway train traveling in the tunnel and the lorry passing on the ground surface are non-intrusion events. The average recognition rate of 96.57% is achieved, which can satisfy actual application requirements.
A nemlexikálisööhang interakciós szerepének elemzése magyar nyelvű társalgásokban
Authors: Németh Zsuzsanna
Published: February 2020

A tanulmány célja a nemlexikális, svához hasonló öö hang használatának vizsgálata hétköznapi, magyar nyelvű társalgásokban a konverzációelemzés elméleti keretében. Szekvenciális, ill. fordulóbeli elhelyezkedésüket tekintve az öö előfordulásai jól meghatározható mintázatokat követnek a korpuszban. Az esetek túlnyomó többségében az öö a fordulókonstrukciós egység belsejében jelenik meg, közvetlenül egy tagmondatot bevezető kötőszó után, jóval a váltásreleváns hely előtt. A beszélők továbbá rendszeresen használják hosszabb, ill. ritkán használatos és/vagy idegen szavak előtt, valamint fordulókezdő pozícióban. Az utóbbi előfordulások között kiemelkedő szerepet tölt be az öö párszekvenciák második párrészét bevezető használata. A jelenség funkcióinak vizsgálata az említett pozíciókban azt mutatja, hogy az öö mint technika fontos szerepet játszik a magyar beszélők forduló- és szekvenciaalkotásának folyamatában. A korpusz elemzése arra enged következtetni, hogy a fordulóalkotás tagmondatról tagmondatra történik a magyar nyelvű társalgásokban. Ez rávilágít a szintaxis és a nyelvhasználat, azaz a nyelvtan és a pragmatika közötti interakcióra.
Role of Tie2, CD14, Angiopoietin as Angiogenetic Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicating Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Meghezel El-Zahraa M. , Ahmed Heba A. , Askar Ashraf A , Nabil Emad Eldin , Elyamany Ashraf
Published: February 2020

Background
Identifying biomarkers for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains quite challenging. In this study we aimed to estimate the number of TIE2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) cells, which display pro-tumoral activities and are defined as CD14+, TIE2+, and angiopoietin-2; and its potential use as a possible diagnostic marker in HCC patients complicating HCV induced cirrhosis.

Methods
Current study was conducted on 112 patients. They were divided into two groups: Group I (78 patients) with HCC complicating HCV induced cirrhosis; and group II chronic hepatitis C patients (34 patients). Both groups were compared to (age and sex-matched) healthy persons as group III (38 persons).

Result
The number of the circulating TEMs: CD14+ and TIE2+ monocytes were significantly higher in the peripheral blood of HCC patients than HCV LC patients and healthy controls, sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis were respectively: CD14 (89.7%, 83.3%), TIE 2 (76.9%, 83.3%), and Ang-2 (76.9%, 66.7%). Moreover, analysis of the P-value and the odd’s ratio showed that CD14 has the highest predictive value for HCC.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that TEMs and Ang-2can be used as diagnostic markers for HCC, especially among the high-risk group of patients.
Is Needle Knife Fistulotomy a Shortcut to Preventing Postendoscopic Retrograde Pancreatitis?
Authors: Chen Dennis Di , Keswani Rajesh N.
Published: February 2020

Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) remains a common and potentially severe adverse event, with continued research efforts to reduce PEP incidence. Robust evidence exists supporting the selective use of pancreatic duct stent placement, administration of rectal indomethacin, wire-guided cannulation technique, and aggressive fluid hydration using lactated Ringer solution. Jang et al. presented a randomized control trial describing primary needle-knife fistulotomy and its benefit for biliary access and reduced PEP incidence. Although these data are compelling, we discuss the key study limitations and the need for further studying the role of primary needle-knife fistulotomy.
Utilization of Molecular Marker to Improve Cattle Carcass Quality in Indonesia
Authors: Shiddieqy M. Ikhsan , Pratiwi Nurul , Soewandi Bayu Dewantoro Putro
Published: February 2020

Cattle is one of the commodities that have a national priority to achieve self-sufficiency in animal protein food for the Indonesian people. Beside beef sufficiency, demand on good quality meat in Indonesia is also increasing. Good quality carcass with lower fat content can give higher economic value. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of molecular markers to improve the quality of beef cattle carcass. Heritability value in carcass characteristic is low to moderate value, but it can be increased by selection using certain molecular markers. Several genes have been identified and correlated with carcass quality in several breed of cattle. Study in Bali cattle showed that the Calpain (CAPN1) and Calpastatin (CASTN) genes could be used as molecular markers to select Bali cattle with higher quality carcass because these genes were associated with carcass quality traits. In conclusion that Calpain (CAPN1) and Calpastatin (CASTN) genes can be used for local beef cattle selection toward better carcass quality and have opportunity to be utilized to improve carcass quality of other beef cattle breeds in Indonesia.
Utilization of Biochar and Liquid Smoke to Increase Livestock Performance
Authors: Qomariyah Novia , Retnani Y , Jayanegara A , Wina E , Permana I G
Published: February 2020

Biochar and liquid smoke may be utilized as feed additives that potentially used as substitutes for antibiotics. These products are derived from the pyrolysis process that utilizes agricultural, plantation and wood residues. This paper aims to review research results regarding the use of biochar and liquid smoke as feed additives in both non-ruminants and ruminants. Information on the use of of biochar and liquid smoke in livestock are available such as the use of 0.5-1 g bamboo charcoal/ kg goat feed increased growth; addition of 0.2-0.6% corn cobs char to chicken feed showed significant increase in body weight; the addition of 0.6% biochar/ kg feed to local cattle feed increased body weight; the use of activated charcoal containing wood vinegar liquid can reduce cryptosporidiosis in goats and cattle. The opportunity to use agricultural and plantation residues as raw materials for generating biochar and liquid smoke is one of the breakthroughs in realizing the concept of sustainable and environmentally friendly of bioindustrial agriculture. The use of biochar and liquid smoke from agricultural and plantation residues is expected to increase livestock productivity.
Impact of supplementation with different protein sources on the parasitological profile of ovine matrices and development of lambs
Authors: Chaves Gurgel Antonio Leandro , Dos Santos Difante Gelson , Emerenciano Neto João Virgínio , Da Silva Roberto Francisca Fernanda , Gioto Zaros Lilian , Costa Marcone Geraldo , Vinhas Ítavo Luis Carlos , Brandão Ferreira Ítavo Camila Celeste
Published: February 2020

The aim was to evaluate the impact of supplementation with different protein sources from agro-industrial production on the parasitological profile of ovine matrices and the development of their offspring. The protein sources used were: soybean bran, cotton pie, babassu pie, and coconut pie. A total of 60 ovine matrices were used, with confirmed pregnancy and supplemented in the final third of gestation at 0.5% of live weight in pastures of deferred Marandu grass. The evaluations occurred from the final third of gestation and in the lactation phase until weaning. The data collected in the matrices were: counting of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) and identification of infective larvae (Faecal test), evaluation of the degree of anemia by the FAMACHA©  method, body weight (kg), and body condition score (BCS). In the lambs, the biometric measurements were taken from the 30 days of life until weaning. In Faecal test, the prevalence was 98% of Haemonchus spp. There was no effect of the protein sources for EPG (3476.0) and FAMACHA©. However, in the mats supplemented with coconut pie were observed the lowest body weights (36.9 kg) and lower BCS (2.7). Babassu, coconut and cotton cakes, and soybean meal used as a protein source in the supplementation of ovine matrices kept in deferred pastures of Marandu grass at the 0.5% level of live weight maintain the production indexes consistent with the physiology stage of the matrices even with a high endo-parasitic load.
Antifungal activity of essential oils of Myrcia ovata chemotypes and their major compounds on phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: Sampaio Taís Santos , Blank Arie Fitzgerald , Gagliardi Paulo Roberto , Wisniewski Jr Alberto , Arrigoni-Blank Maria de Fátima , Nizio Daniela Aparecida de Castro , Alves Mércia Freitas , Nascimento Junior Alberto Ferreira de
Published: February 2020

This work evaluated the antifungal activity of essential oils of Myrcia ovata chemotypes (MYRO-175, MYRO-156, MYRO-154, MYRO-165, and MYRO-015) and their major compounds (linalool, geraniol, citral, and (E)-nerolidol) on the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium pallidoroseum (which causes melon postharvest rot) and Colletotrichum musae (which causes anthracnose in banana). The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GCMS/FID. To evaluate the antifungal activity, the essential oils and their major compounds were tested at different concentrations (0.1; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.7; 1.0; 3.0, and 5.0 mL/L). The major compounds found in the essential oils were nerolic acid, linalool, geraniol, citral, and (E)-nerolidol. The essential oils of the plants MYRO-154, MYRO-165, and MYRO-015 had the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (0.3 mL/L) for F. pallidoroseum and the lowest minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) (0.7 mL/L), for C. musae. Geraniol and citral had the lowest MFC (0.5 mL / L) for the two fungi tested. For F. pallidoroseum, the essential oils of the chemotypes were more effective than their major compounds. Conversely, the major compounds geraniol of the chemotype MYRO-156 (74.37%) and citral were more effective than their respective essential oils for C. musae. (E)-nerolidol and geraniol of the chemotype MYRO-015 (33.15%) were responsible for the antifungal activity of the essential oils of their respective chemotypes.
Productivity and quality of bagging fruit of hybrid tomatoes
Authors: Borges Raoni Terra de Oliveira , Oliveira Roberta Camargos de , Lucas Fabio Teixeira , Luz José Magno Queiroz , Lana Regina Maria Quintão
Published: February 2020

Tomato cultivation is challenging due to the high susceptibility to various pests and diseases. Fruit borer insects make fruits unfeasible for commercialization because this favors colonization by pathogens. The loss due to borers can be avoided by bagging the bunches of fruit, helping the conventional crop to be more sustainable, reduce the use of pesticides, reduce the residue in fruits and improve the quality of life of rural workers, by less exposure to agrochemicals and poisoning problems. The results are products of better quality and with the possibility of better profitability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of tomato bagging in the control of fruit borer insects, and its effects on lycopene content, taste, productivity and profitability. The experiment was conducted in a field in the municipality of Uberaba-MG, from November 2016 to September 2017. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a 3 x 5 factorial, with four replications. The factors consisted of three tomato hybrids: Dominador (salad), Ravena (Italian) and Carina Star (Santa Cruz), and fruit bagging types, made by TNW (tissue-non-woven), tulle, organza, brown craft and a control, without fruit bagging. The decision of bagging use depends on the pest incidence in the area and the change in the agronomic characteristics of the tomato. The organza and tulle fruits bagging reduce the incidence of borer insects, relative to the control, in the cultivation in spring-summer. The Dominador presents higher brix content among the evaluated hybrids. Carina Star, when bagged with organza, produces fruits with higher levels of lycopene, and is 116% superior to the other cultivars. From the second harvest, organza fabric is the most profitable bagging, since it is the only one that can be reused several times and is therefore more sustainable.
Sixteen properties of Eucalyptus Tereticornis wood for structural uses
Authors: Nogueira Marta Cristina de Jesus Albuquerque , Araujo Victor Almeida de , Vasconcelos Juliano Souza , Christoforo André Luis , Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco
Published: February 2020

Forest Red Gum eucalypt provides a versatile wood and is converted into different purposes. However, such wood is somewhat limited in structural ends, which highlights the need to exploit this gap through diffusion of mechanical properties of such timber. Obtained results should assist engineers and architects in decision-making for its best building application. This paper studied two physical and fourteen mechanical properties evaluation of Eucalyptus tereticornis at two different moisture contents, following the prescriptions of Brazilian (ABNT NBR 7190: 1997) and North American (ASTM D-143-14: 2014) standard documents. Thus, 1091 repeats were carried out for all properties. By a moisture reduction from 30% to 12%, the bulk density and eleven strength properties statistically showed changes such as modulus of rupture (static bending, parallel and perpendicular compressions), modulus of elasticity (perpendicular compression and static bending), shear stress, tangential cleavage, and parallel and perpendicular hardnesses. Then, the Eucalyptus tereticornis timber could be better usable if is further applied for structural construction uses.
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mangaba
Authors: Ascari Morgado Cristiane Maria , Lima Ana Carolina , Siqueira Ana Paula , Souza Eli Regina , Cunha Junior Luis Carlos
Published: February 2020

The present study aimed to assess the behavior of bioactive compounds and total antioxidant activity of two mangaba varieties (H. speciosa var. gardneri and H. speciosa var.  cuyabensis) during storage, in two ripening stages. The fruit were harvested from the Germplasm bank of the School of Agronomy, at two ripening stages: “mature green” (mature fruit picked from the tree) and “fallen” (ripe fruit collected from the ground). After collection, they were transported to the laboratory, washed under running water, immersed in chlorine solution at 100 mg L-1 for 10 minutes, left to dry and stored under ambient conditions (22±1ºC and 90±5% RH). The fruit were analyzed to determine ascorbic acid content, total extractable polyphenols, yellow flavonoids and antioxidant activity using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). Analyses were performed daily until the mangaba were unfit for sale, using 3 repetitions with 3 fruit each. The maximum conservation time was eight days for “mature green” and two days for “fallen" fruit. The cuyabensis variety exhibited greatest ascorbic acid content at both ripening stages, in addition to higher antioxidant activity, and was therefore found to have the best potential to be marketed as a “superfruit”.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of leaves of Eugenia involucrata DC.
Authors: Toledo Adrieli Gorlin , Souza Juliete Gomes de Lara de , Silva Jéssica Patrícia Borges da , Favreto Wagner Alex Jann , Costa Willian Ferreira da , Pinto Fabiana Gisele da Silva
Published: February 2020

In the Myrtaceae family, the species Eugenia involucrata DC., popularly known as "cerejeira-do-mato", is traditionally used for the antidiarrheal and digestive action of its leaves. However, no studies were found in the literature regarding its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. In this context, the objective of the present study was to determine the chemical composition by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to evaluate the antimicrobial activity by the broth microdilution technique and the antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazila (DPPH) method of the essential oil of E. involucrata leaves. GC-MS identified 28 compounds, all sesquiterpenes, corresponding to 89.41% of the essential oil. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was observed for all Gram-positive bacteria tested (Staplylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Staplylococcus aureus) and for yeast Candida albicans. The essential oil presented a reduction capacity of DPPH up to 66.81%, evidencing its antioxidant potential. It is suggested that the antimicrobial and antioxidant action of E. involucrata essential oil is related to the presence of the major compounds, elixene (26.53%), β-caryophyllene (13.16%), α-copaene (8.41%) and germacrene D (7.17%).
100 años de educación, pastoral y sueños. Baltasar Pardal y las Hijas de la Natividad de María
Authors: Iglesias Polo María Teresa
Published: February 2020

En 1918 nace en La Coruña un proyecto denominado La Grande Obra de Atocha, proyecto soñado y diseñado por Baltasar Pardal para dar educación gratuita y promoción social. Hoy son las Hijas de la Natividad de María las que lo mantienen vivo y las que han hecho que esta obra se adapte a los tiempos sin perder la esencia de los inicios
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK, YEŞİL FİNANS VE İLK TÜRK YEŞİL TAHVİL İHRACI
Authors: TURGUTTOPBAŞ Neslihan
Published: February 2020

Çevre kirliliğinin yaygınlaşması, endüstriyelleşmenin çevresel etkileri ve iklim değişikliğine ilişkin gelişmelerin derinleşmesi ile birlikte “hayatın sürdürülebilirliği”nin sağlanması hususu büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, gerçekleştirilen 21. Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) İklim Değişikliği Taraflar Konferansı sonucunda, 196 ülke tarafından onaylanan Paris Anlaşması çerçevesinde küresel ısı artışı 1.5-2C olarak hedeflenmiştir. Yeşil projelerin finansmanı son beş yılda büyük ölçüde yeşil tahvil ihraçları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilk Türk yeşil tahvil ihracı da bir Türk yatırım bankası tarafından 2016 yılı Mayıs ayında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu ihraç, ihraca hedeflenen tutarın 14 katı kadar teklif gelmesi ve bunun sonucunda hedeflenen fiyatta 62.5bps düşüş sağlanması sebebi ile çok başarılı bir sermaye piyasası işlemi nitelendirilmektedir. Bu ihracın başarısı yeşil tahvil ihracının diğer Türk finansal kuruluşları için de bir yeşil kaynak olacağını ortaya koymaktadır
Avaliação da piscicultura na microrregião do Alto Pantanal – Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Curvo Lucimar Rodrigues Vieira , Ferreira Milena Wolff , Porfírio Grasiela Edith de Oliveira , Oliveira Michel Angelo Constantino de , Alencar Sônia Biaggi Alves de , Costa Celso Soares , Andrade Gisele Braziliano de
Published: February 2020

A piscicultura surge como modalidade de aquicultura alternativa, a qual vem se expandindo nos últimos anos. O estado de Mato Grosso (Brasil) vem se situando como o quarto maior produtor de peixes do Brasil, atingindo uma produção de 54.510 toneladas em 2018. Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar a piscicultura na Microrregião do Alto Pantanal. Foi adotada uma abordagem quali-quantitativa descritiva a partir de material documental, de dados fornecidos pelo Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária de Mato Grosso (INDEA/MT) referentes aos anos de 2016 e 2017. Analisou-se estatisticamente através do software R StudioÒ os principais compradores, vendedores e produtores por município e evidenciou-se que Cáceres e Poconé são os maiores produtores e vendedores dessa microrregião. Nossa Senhora do Livramento e Vila Bela de Santíssima Trindade são os maiores compradores. Constatou-se que os municípios de Cáceres e Poconé abastecem principalmente o mercado interno e o estado.  Identificou-se necessidades de estudos em toda a cadeia produtiva, de modo a destacar as demandas do setor, tais como a comercialização, produção, sanidade e os aspectos socioambientais. Da mesma forma, evidenciou-se a importância do aumento da fiscalização e inclusão de políticas públicas que venham ao encontro das demandas dos produtores e/ou envolvidos na atividade de piscicultura nessa área do Pantanal. Dessa forma, tornar-se-iam viáveis contribuições para a sustentabilidade agropecuária, gerando riquezas, distribuição de renda, criação de postos de trabalho, participação comunitária intersetorial, empoderamento, justiça e equidade socioambiental.
Clinical use of mass spectrometry (imaging) for hard tissue analysis in abnormal fracture healing
Authors: Nauta Sylvia P. , Poeze Martijn , Heeren Ron M.A. , Porta Siegel Tiffany
Published: February 2020

Common traumas to the skeletal system are bone fractures and injury-related articular cartilage damage. The healing process can be impaired resulting in non-unions in 5–10% of the bone fractures and in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in up to 75% of the cases of cartilage damage. Despite the amount of research performed in the areas of fracture healing and cartilage repair as well as non-unions and PTOA, still, the outcome of a bone fracture or articular cartilage damage cannot be predicted. Here, we discuss known risk factors and key molecules involved in the repair process, together with the main challenges associated with the prediction of outcome of these injuries. Furthermore, we review and discuss the opportunities for mass spectrometry (MS) – an analytical tool capable of detecting a wide variety of molecules in tissues – to contribute to extending molecular understanding of impaired healing and the discovery of predictive biomarkers. Therefore, the current knowledge and challenges concerning MS imaging of bone and cartilage tissue as well as in vivo MS are discussed. Finally, we explore the possibilities of in situ, real-time MS for the prediction of outcome during surgery of bone fractures and injury-related articular cartilage damage.