bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment and utility of socio-relational self-efficacy in breast cancer patients: Italian Validation of the Social Relationship Coping Efficacy Scale (SRCE-I)
Authors: Serpentini Samantha , Silvestri Giulia , Cristaldi Grazia , Borgese Caterina , Deledda Giuseppe , Sommacal Samuela , Iannopollo Letizia , Calvo Vincenzo , Ronconi Lucia , Merluzzi Thomas V , Catarinella Antonio
Published: February 2022

Background: Social relationship coping efficacy (SRCE) represents the ability to maintain or enhance social relationships in the context of serious illness. The purpose of the current study was to confirm the factor structure, psychometric properties, and utility of the Italian version of the SRCE scale. Methods: 181 breast cancer patients completed the SRCE-Italian (SRCE-I), the Cancer Behavior Inventory–Brief/Italian (CBI-B/I), quality of life (QOL) measures (EORTC QLQ-C30; EORTC QLQ-BR23), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: The SRCE-I was internally consistent (Cronbach alpha=.95) and factor analysis confirmed that the SRCE-I was a unidimensional construct. In terms of validity, the SRCE-I was correlated with QOL (EORTC QLQ-30, Social Functioning, r=.323, Emotional Functioning, r=.562, and Global Health/Quality of Life; r=.546) and scales of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 (e.g., Future Perspective, r=.348; Breast Symptoms, -.331). SRCE-I was also correlated negatively with the HADS (r=-.707) and positively with the CBI-B/I (r= .810), a measure of coping efficacy (all ps<.001). Mediation analyses confirmed the utility of the SRCE-I scale as a mediating mechanism in enhancing social functioning and QOL. Conclusions: The SRCE-I is a structurally sound, reliable, and valid measure that assesses the ability to maintain or enhance social support and mitigate the loss of social support. The SRCE-I can be used as a screening measure to assess low efficacy for maintaining social support or as a measure to detect the change in efficacy for enhancing social support in interventions to improve the QOL of patients.
Monitoring And Imaging Ph In Biofilms Utilizing A Fluorescent Polymeric Nanosensor
Authors: Kromer Charlotte , Schwibbert Karin , Gadicherla Ashish K. , Thiele Dorothea , Nirmalananthan-Budau Nithiya , Laux Peter , Resch-Genger Ute , Luch Andreas , Tschiche Harald R.
Published: February 2022

Biofilms are ubiquitous in nature and in the man-made environment. Given their harmful effects on human health, an in-depth understanding of biofilms and the monitoring of their formation and growth are important. Particularly relevant for many metabolic processes and survival strategies of biofilms is their extracellular pH. However, most conventional techniques are not suited for minimally invasive pH measurements of living biofilms. Here, a fluorescent nanosensor is presented for ratiometric measurements of pH in biofilms in the range of pH 4.5-9.5 using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The nanosensor consists of biocompatible polystyrene nanoparticles loaded with pH-inert dye Nile Red and is surface functionalized with a pH-responsive fluorescein dye. Its performance was validated by fluorometrically monitoring the time-dependent changes in pH in E. coli biofilms after glucose inoculation at 37°C and 4°C. This revealed a temperature-dependent decrease in pH over a 4-hour period caused by the acidifying glucose metabolism of E. coli. These studies demonstrate the applicability of this nanosensor to characterize the chemical microenvironment in biofilms with fluorescence methods.
Post-hemithyroidectomy Pregnancy Thyroid Function Surveillance - Frequency, Adherence and Guideline Impact
Authors: allon raviv , Schiller Tal , Ziv Yuval , Lahav Yonatan Yonatan , Cohen Oded , Zornizki Taiba
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Post-hemithyroidectomy women are at increased risk for gestational subclinical hypothyroidism. Therefore, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends increased thyroid function surveillance for this subgroup of pregnant women. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of thyroid function surveillance during pregnancy in post-hemithyroidectomy women, and to evaluate the adherence to the 2017 ATA guidelines and its possible impact since being published, on thyroid function surveillance rates.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study including all pregnancies conceived by post-hemithyroidectomy women operated at Kaplan Medical Center between the years 1997-2020. The study cohort was subdivided by pregnancy date prior to 2018 and 2018 and onwards to evaluate the impact of the 2017 ATA guidelines. Adherence to the guidelines was defined as at least one TSH test in each trimester. Results: After exclusions, a total of 120 pregnancies conceived by 66 women who underwent hemithyroidectomy surgeries were included in this study. Overall, serum TSH examinations were performed during the first, second and third pregnancy trimesters in 86.6%, 40% and 16.6% of pregnancies (P<0.005), respectively. The examination rate since 2018 was 88%, 40% and 8% for first, second and third trimester, respectively (P<0.005). No significant differences were found in serum TSH examination rates between pregnancies prior to and following the beginning of 2018 (P=.533). Conclusions: Adherence to the latest ATA guidelines is low and its publication in 2017 did not increase the thyroid function surveillance rate in post-hemithyroidectomy women. Better patient education regarding the risks of gestational hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy and improved communications between treating surgeons, obstetricians, and endocrinologists may improve these rates.
Cortical Structure in Nodes of the Default Mode Network predicts General Intelligence
Authors: Purushotham Archana , Yadav Abhinav
Published: February 2022

A growing number of studies implicate functional brain networks in intelligence, but it is unclear if network nodal structure relates to intelligence. Using MRI, we studied the relationship of the general intelligence factor (g) with cortical thickness (CT), local gyrification index (LGI) and voxel-based morphometry in the nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Task-Positive Network (TPN) in a cohort of 44 young, healthy adults. Employing a novel strategy, we performed repeated analyses with multiple sets of g estimates to remove false positives. CT and LGI in medial and temporal nodes of the DMN were reliably correlated with g (P < 0.05; r: 0.31–0.41). A linear regression model developed with these parameters (adj. R2: 0.15–0.40) could predict individual g scores. Cortical thickness and gyrification in key nodes of the Default Mode Network correlate with intelligence and can predict g in individual subjects.
Effect of the first mating experience on mating behaviors and brain gene expression in male medaka
Authors: Daimon Masahiro , Katsumura Takafumi , Sakamoto Hirotaka , Ansai Satoshi , Takeuchi Hideaki
Published: February 2022

The first mating (sexual) experience leads to the maturation of male mating behavior across species (insects, fish, rodents). Here, we investigated whether the first mating experience leads to maturation of male mating behavior in medaka using repeated mating tests. In “naïve” (sexually inexperienced) males after the first mating experience, the latency to mate with the same female partner was significantly decreased, whereas when the partner was swapped, the latency to mate was not affected. These findings suggest that repeated matings (3 times) enhanced male mating activity for the familiarized female, but not for an unfamiliarized female. In “experienced” (> 7 matings) males, repeated matings (3 times) with the same partner did not influence the latency to mate, suggesting that multiple matings (> 7 times) abolish the mate preference of naïve males. Furthermore, we identified 10 highly and differentially expressed genes after the mating experience in the brains of the post-naïve males, and revealed 3 genes that are required for a functional cascade of the thyroid hormone system. These findings together suggest that the first mating experience abolishes the preference to mate with a familiarized female via neural maturation triggered by thyroid hormone activation in the medaka brain.
High serum levels of N-epsilon-carboxymethyllysine are associated with poor coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion of coronary artery
Authors: Li Le-Ying , Chen Shuai , Li Fei-Fei , Wu Zhi-Ming , Shen Ying , Ding Feng-Hua , Wang Xiao-Qun , Shen Wei-Feng , Chen Qiu-Jing , Dai Yang , Lu Lin
Published: February 2022

Background: The formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) is a crucial risk factor for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated whether N-epsilon-carboxymethyllysine (CML), a major form of AGEs in vivo, was associated with poor coronary collateral vessel (CCV) formation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary artery.Methods: This study consisted of 242 T2DM patients with angiographically documented CTO. Blood samples were obtained and demographic/clinical characteristics were documented. The collateralization of these patients was defined according to Rentrop score. Receiver operating characteristic curve and multivariable regression analysis were performed.Results: 242 patients were categorized into poor CCV group (Rentrop score 0 and 1)(n=107) and good CCV group (Rentrop score 2 and 3)(n=135). Serum CML levels were significantly higher in poor CCV group (110.0 ± 83.35 ng/ml) than in good CCV group (62.95 ± 58.83 ng/ml, P<0.001). Moreover, these CML levels were also significantly different across the Rentrop score 0, 1, 2 and 3 groups (P<0.001). In multivariable logistic regression, CML levels (P<0.001) remained independent determinants of poor CCV after adjustment of traditional risk factors. Conclusions: This study suggests that higher CML is associated with poor collateralization in T2DM patients with CTO.
Theoretical study of the reactivity between HCO and CH2 in interstellar medium
Authors: abbas Haider , Bardhan Ananna , Gupta Riya , Shallu Shallu
Published: February 2022

Barrierless radical-radical reactions may be considered as a favorable process for the formation of interstellar organic molecules. Vinoxy radical can be separated into two fragments namely CH2 and HCO. Both of these have been detected in the interstellar medium. However, vinoxy radical is not yet detected in the interstellar medium. Two reaction channels have been studied for the reaction between CH2 and HCO in the gas phase and in the presence of one water molecule. Product of channel 1 is vinoxy radical while in channel 2, CO and CH3 are formed. Density functional theory (DFT) and complete active self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations predict both the reactions to be barrierless. Therefore, non-detection of vinoxy radical cannot be explained on the basis of potential energy surface scans obtained by DFT and CASSCF calculations. However, study of frontier orbitals provides a reasonable explanation for the validity of channel 2 and prohibition of channel 1. Further, the Mulliken charge and electrostatic surface potential map also supports that the H atom of HCO will have higher probability of interacting with C atom of CH2 (formation of CH3 + CO via hydrogen abstraction) compared to the coupling of carbon-carbon atom (formation of vinoxy radical via C-C bonding).
Preparation and Investigation of PVA/Cu Nanoparticles by Eco-friendly Electrochemical Method
Authors: Fahmy Tarek , Habib Ahmed , Sarhan Afaf
Published: February 2022

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) /Cupper nanocomposite samples have been prepared electrochemically with different times of electropolymerization process. The characterization of prepared samples has been carried out using different techniques such as, X-ray diffraction, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD patterns showed that, with increasing Cupper nanoparticles (CuNPs) content, the crystal size (D hkl) values are decreased whereas the internal strain values of PVA/Cu nanocomposite samples are increased, indicating that a crystal distortion and defects have been occurred in PVA matrix. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the incorporation of CuNPs induced modifications in the PVA structure. The presence of the characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 773 nm in the absorption spectra of the PVA/CuNPs composite samples confirmed the formation of copper nanoparticles. Analysis of UV-Vis spectra showed that the indirect and direct optical bandgap energies of PVA/CuNPs samples decreased with increasing the CuNPs content. On the other hand, an increase in the refractive index of PVA is observed with increasing concentration of CuNPs. The decrease in the band gap and the increase in conductivity due to the formation of localized electronic states in the PVA host matrix due to the introduction of copper nanoparticles can be related.
Synthesis and Characterization of GaN/quartz Nanostructure using Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid
Authors: Fakhri Makram A , Amir Husam Aldin A. Abdul , Alwahib Ali. A. , Salim Evan T. , Alsultany Forat H.
Published: February 2022

This study involves synthesizing gallium nitride (GaN) nanoparticles (NPs) under six different ablation energies using the pulsed laser ablation method. The nanoparticle was deposited using drop cast method on a quartz substrate. XRD pattern shows two peaks of h-GaN nanoparticles at 2θ = 34.64 and 37.98, reflected from (002) and (100) planes. The morphological properties indicate the hexagonal crystal nature of GaN that shows in the XRD pattern. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra show the highest laser power, 2000 mj has a minor emission peaked at 3.34 eV. The maximum emission peak 3.83 eV at 1400 mJ. The study depends on the pulsed laser to generate nanoparticles with different characteristics.
Health Promotion and Empowerment in Collaboration: Theoretical Underpinnings and Methodological Challenges When Creating a Health Equity Program in a Vulnerable Area
Authors: Tengland Per-Anders , Rämgård Margareta
Published: February 2022

In Sweden, as in all other countries, there are inequalities in various areas, such as health and wealth. Research has established a social gradient in health, which means that socio-economic groups differ regarding health status. Furthermore, in many cities today there is segregation and some areas are more “socially vulnerable” than others. Some of these differences between groups and areas can be regarded as unjust and thus constitute inequities. The aim of this paper is to present the creation of a health-promotion innovation program whose purpose is to counteract health inequities in a “vulnerable” urban area in southern Sweden, and to discuss the theoretical and methodological foundations of the program. It does not, then, present any final health outcomes, but rather, gives a description of the, rather complex, initiation and launching of the program, which can in itself be seen as a kind of result. The research carried out in the program is Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), grounded in Participatory Action Research (PAR). The paper presents the CBPR program from its start to the present, including its rationale, and sets forth its theoretical underpinnings, i.e., ideas about place, empowerment, health promotion, “human nature,” communication and dialogue, and health equity. It closes by discussing some potential methodological and philosophical problems, namely, issues related to health equity, empowerment as a process, power relations, and community participation in the outcome evaluation.
Multi-locus genome-wide association study for phosphorus use efficiency in a tropical maize germplasm
Authors: Zeffa Douglas Mariani , Júnior Luiz Perini , Delfini Jéssica , Marcos Antoni Wallace , Koltun Alessandra , Baba Viviane Yumi , Constantino Leonel Vinícius , Nogueira Alison Fernando , Moda-Cirino Vania , Scapim Carlos Alberto , Gonçalves Leandro Simões Azeredo
Published: February 2022

Background and aim
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for maize (Zea mays L.) growth and development. Therefore, generating cultivars with upgraded P use efficiency (PUE) represents one of the main strategies to reduce the global agriculture dependence on phosphate fertilizers. In this work, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed to detect quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) and potential PUE-related candidate genes and associated traits in greenhouse and field trials under contrasting P conditions.
Methods
The PUE and other agronomy traits of 132 inbred maize lines were assessed in low and normal P supply through the greenhouse and field experiments and Multi-locus GWAS was used to map the associated QTNs.
Results
Wide genetic variability was observed among the inbred maize lines under low and normal P supply. In addition, we confirm the complex and quantitative nature of PUE. A total of 306 QTNs were associated with the 24 traits evaluated using different multi-locus GWAS methods. A total of 186 potential candidate genes were identified, mainly involved with transcription regulator, transporter, and transference activity.
Conclusions
Further studies are still needed to elucidate the functions and relevance of these genes regarding PUE. Nevertheless, pyramiding the favorable alleles pinpointed in the present study can be considered an efficient strategy for molecular improvement to increase maize PUE.
Recruiting Males To The Nursing Profession: Acceptability Testing Of The ‘Make A Difference With Nursing’ Intervention For Post-Primary School Students.
Authors: Linden Mark Anthony , Mitchell Gary , Carlisle Susan , Rainey Debbie , Mulvenna Caroline , Monaghan Catherine
Published: February 2022

Background: The nursing profession is facing a worldwide recruitment shortage which could be partially addressed by recruiting more males. However, in many developed countries numbers of males nurses have traditionally been low. To address this issue we developed and tested a post-primary school-based intervention to recruit more males into the nursing profession. Methods: Thirty-four female students drawn from an all-girls post-primary school, fifty-one males from an all-boys post-primary school and seven males and fifteen females drawn from a mixed gender post-primary school, all located in Northern Ireland. Participants were all sixteen years of age and were in receipt of careers education. The intervention titled ‘Make a Difference with Nursing’ was co-designed with careers teachers, nurses and post-primary school students. This video based intervention was created to fit within existing career lessons and featured nursing staff and students describing their experiences of the profession. Participants completed the six domains of Nursing as a Career Choice Questionnaire prior to viewing the intervention and again after viewing. Results: Positive and statistically significant increases in perceptions of the nursing profession were found between pre and post test scores across all six domains. No statistically significant differences in perceptions were found between males and females after watching the intervention. Comparison by school type showed statistically significant differences on the domains of prior healthcare exposure (p=0.046; 95% CI -0.19 to 3.79) and job prospects (p=0.005; 95% CI 1.04 to 7.01). Students from the all-girls school rated these more positively than those from the all-boys and mixed-gender schools. Conclusions: A short video presentation to post-primary school students is capable of changing how they perceive the nursing profession. Students expressed surprise over the variety of professional nursing roles suggesting that many were not well informed about the realities of nursing. Providing tailored resources for use in careers lessons can better educate students and teachers about nursing and provide positive portrayals of male role models in the profession.
A comparison of Ivermectin and Non Ivermectin based regimen for covid 19 in Abuja: effects on virus clearance, Days-to-Discharge and Mortality.
Authors: Y Thairu , O.E. Babalola , Ajayi Adesuyi A , Y. Ndanusa. , J.O. Ogedengbe. , O. Omede.
Published: February 2022

Aim: To compare outcomes from ivermectin (IVM)- and non-ivermectin (NIVM)-based treatments for COVID-19 in Abuja, Nigeria.Methods: Sixty-one consecutive virology-proven cases were recruited and managed with IVM-based regimes. A subsequent cohort of 26 patients was treated with NIVM due to physician preference, with varying combinations of lopinavir/ritonavir (Alluvia), remdesivir, azithromycin, and enoxapramin. All patients received zinc sulfate, vitamin C and supportive therapy. Propensity matching was carried out as indicated, and Repeat Measures Analysis of Variance (RMANOVA) allowing for time*treatment interaction was carried out for time dependent variables, deriving Likelihood Ratio (LR) and P values.Main outcome measures: Change in cycle threshold (viral load) over time, positivity status by day 5, improvement in clinical status using myalgia scores, days to discharge (DTD), change in SpO2 and death. Results: IVM was associated with a greater and faster reduction in viral clearance (LR=64.2 p= 0.000 for the N gene): 31% and 95% were negative by days 5 and 14, respectively, versus 0% on NIVM. The mean DTD on IVM was 8.8 days versus 19.4 days, p= 0.000. IVM proved significantly superior for Myalgia scores, LR= 23.45, P=0.0007. The mortality rate was 0/61 (0%) in IVM but 4/26 (15.3%) in NIVM. Three of the 4 deaths were in females, and 2 had been vaccinated, one fully. The SP02% increased significantly more on IVM (p < 0.0001 RMANOVA) than the NIVM group. C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels dropped significantly more sharply during IVM (P= 0.0068, 0.063), suggesting anti-inflammatory and antifibrinolytic activity.Conclusions: The IVM-based regimen caused earlier discharge from treatment and reduced mortality, in addition to clinical and laboratory improvements. Vaccination did not protect some patients from SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and mortality.
Fabrication of g-C3N4/ZnO Nanoheterostructures for Effective Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: MEENA PARMESHWAR LAL , Poswal Krishna , Surela Ajay Kumar , Saini Jitendra Kumar
Published: February 2022

In the present, the g-C3N4/ZnO hybrid nanoheterostructures photocatalysts with different weight percents of ZnO have been successfully prepared by a facile grinding, dehydration followed by pyrolysis method. The structural and textural properties of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy combine electron dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the fabricated g-C3N4/ZnO nanostructures was investigated for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye and it is determined much higher in compare to the bare g-C3N4 nanosheets and ZnO nanorods. The optimized ZnO content in the g-C3N4/ZnO photocatalyst was determined to be 25%. In the current study, 99.54% of MB dye is degraded in 60 min of visible light irradiation at pH = 10 over g-C3N4/ZnO (25%) photocatalyst. The results of the kinetic study reveals that photodegradation reactions have followed the first-order kinetics and the rate constant values of MB photodegradation in presence of prepared g-C3N4/ZnO (25%) is determined ∼13 and ∼7.76 times greater than that of the bare g-C3N4 and ZnO respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of the fabricated g-C3N4/ZnO nanoheterostructures could be due to the creation of heterojunction by the coupling of two semiconductors of well matched band structures in which effective charge transfer has been occurred. The prepared g-C3N4/ZnO has demonstrated significant photostability after utilization in four runs of cycles. The decrease in the catalyst performance even after four repeated cycles is approximately 8%. The superoxide free radicals (•O2−) are the main reactive species participated in the degradation of MB dye. The current approach of fabrication of heterojunction has presented a competent and simplistic synthetic tactic of creation of visible-light-driven photocatalyst for the effective photocatalytic mineralization of organic dye contaminants in the aqueous medium.
Neuroprotective effects of dimethyl fumarate against depression-like behaviors via astrocytes and microglia modulation in mice: possible involvement of the HCAR2/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: de Souza Alana Gomes , Lopes Iardja Stéfane , Filho Adriano José Maia Chaves , Cavalcante Talita Matias Barbosa , Oliveira João Victor Souza , de Carvalho Michele Albuquerque Jales , de Lima Klistenes Alves , Jucá Paloma Marinho , Mendonça Sabrina Silva , Mottin Melina , Andrade Carolina Horta , de Sousa Francisca Cléa Florenço , Macedo Danielle S. , Fonteles Marta Maria de França
Published: February 2022

We postulated that dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an activator of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, exerts neuroprotective effects against depression-like behaviors through astrocytes and microglia modulation. To ascertain our hypothesis and define the mechanistic pathways involved in effect of DMF on neuroinflammation, we used the depression model induced by Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS), in which, the mice were exposed to stressful events for 28 days and from the 14th day they received DMF in the doses of 50 and 100 mg / kg or fluoxetine 10 mg / kg or saline. On the 29th day, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests. Microglia (Iba1) and astrocytes (GFAP) markers expressions were evaluated by immunofluorescence analyzes and the cytokines TNF-α and IL-Iβ by immunoenzymatic assay. In addition, computational target prediction, 3D protein structure prediction and docking calculations were performed with monomethyl fumarate (DMF active metabolite) and the Kelch-like ECH associated protein-1 and hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2), which suggested that these could be the probable targets related protective effects. CUMS induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, cognitive deficit, decreased GFAP and increased Iba1, TNF-α and IL-Iβ expression in the hippocampus. These alterations were reversed by DMF. Thus, it is suggested that one of the mechanisms involved in the antidepressant effect of DMF is neuroinflammatory suppression, through the signaling pathway HCAR2 / Nrf2. However, more studies must be performed to better understand the molecular mechanisms of this drug.
Particulate Matter Exposure-Induced Cholesterol Metabolism Disorder In Lung Epithelial Cells
Authors: Yin Ting , Liu Yuanyuan , Cong Xiaonan , Ding Rui , Diao Zhenying , Qiu Long , Wu Haigang
Published: February 2022

Background: Particulate matter (PM) has been the worldwide problem to threaten human health. Although many work have well investigated physiological effect of PM on different tissues, few work can systemically evaluate intrinsic molecular mechanism of PM effect at molecular pathway levels and how to lead cellular toxicity.Methods: Here, RNA sequencing was employed to explore molecular mechanism of micro-meter PMs obtained from air on ferret lung epithelial cells. PM particles were firstly characterized using SEM, XPS and IR to examine morphology and elemental components. Then, dosage-dependent cellular toxicity of PM was examined using MTT method, and it displayed dosage-dependent cellular apoptosis. Results: By performing bioinformatics analysis, we found that 190 down-regulated and 56 up-regulated genes were identified after exposure to PM particles with higher concentration (500 μg/mL). By employing gene ontology (GO) and gene score enrichment analysis (GSEA), results demonstrated that “cholesterol metabolism” pathway was substantially down-regulated, which was confirmed using qRT-PCR and free cholesterol measurement. The intrinsic mechanism to lead dysfunction of cholesterol metabolism is oxidative stress with imbalance of GSSH/GSH and NADP/NADPH ratios, leading by higher ROS and disorder of mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion: These results give a new insight in physiological effect of PMs on lung epithelial cells and provide the potential intervention approaches to rescue respiratory-related diseases caused by exposure to particulate matters.
Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Dealing With Weak and Strong Negative Emotion: Self-report, Heart Rate Variability, and Electromyography Data
Authors: Kobylińska Dorota , Lewczuk Karol , Wizła Magdalena , Marcowski Przemysław , Blaison Christophe , Kastendieck Till , Hess Ursula
Published: February 2022

We investigated how emotion regulation (ER) effectiveness – both on a level of self-reported rating as well as emotional expression (corrugator supercilii muscle activity) – is affected by the characteristics of the situation (low vs. high negativity), the strategy used (reappraisal, distraction, suppression, no regulation control condition) and individual dispositions (low vs. high baseline Heart Rate Variability) as well as their interaction. For this 69 adult women participated in a laboratory study. All the included factors significantly influenced both corrugator activity and appraisals of pictures’ negativity (in specific experimental conditions). For example, for high HRV participants, (1) distraction, suppression and reappraisal significantly decreased corrugator activity compared to the control condition, and (2) distraction as well as reappraisal decreased appraised picture negativity for high negativity photos. For low HRV participants, distraction and suppression were most effective in decreasing corrugator responses, while suppression was more effective than reappraisal in decreasing perceived picture negativity in the low negativity condition. Subjectively reported effort and success in applying ER strategies were also dependent on manipulated and dispositional factors. Overall, our results lend support to the flexible emotion regulation framework, showing that emotion regulation effectiveness relies on situational context as well as individual dispositions and their interaction.
Combined use of 3D printing and computer-assisted navigation in the clinical treatment of multiple maxillofacial fractures
Authors: Wang Haohong , Chi Yifan , Huang Hanxiao , Su Shiheng , Hou Jun , Xue Haowei
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Although computer-assisted navigation (CAN) has been widely used in the reconstruction of maxillofacial fractures, the direct guidance it provides for surgical operations and the handling of multiple maxillofacial fractures is insufficient due to the lack of a healthy side for reference. To address the above problems, a 3D-printed guide and head model was used in combination with CAN in this study. Materials and Methods: In this process, 26 patients were randomly selected among those with multiple fractures treated from 09/2017 to 03/2021. They were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, with 3D-printed guides and models used in the former group. The surgical time was compared between the groups, and posttreatment computed tomography and follow-up visits were conducted at 1 week and 3 months, respectively, to compare the quality of treatment in terms of infection, occlusal disorder, restricted mouth opening, midline displacement, and bilateral asymmetry. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used for assessment. Results: According to our results, the therapeutic effect was excellent for 12 patients and satisfactory for 1 patient among the 13 patients in the experimental group, while the therapeutic effect was excellent in only 7, satisfactory in 3, and unsatisfactory in 3 patients in the control group.Conclusions: According to our analysis, the combined use of CAN and 3D printing significantly improved the treatment results of double-sided maxillofacial fractures (rs=0.448, P<0.05). The surgical time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (Z=-2.083, P<0.05).Clinical Relevance: This study broadens our understanding of the treatment of multiple maxillofacial fractures. The combined use of 3D printing technology and CAN effectively shortened the operation time and achieved a better therapeutic effect.
Cross-Linked Nano-carboxymethylcellulose, Polyacrylamide, and g-Fe2O3-SO3H to a Hydrophobic Linker: An Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Hydrogel for Dye Removal Adsorption
Authors: Tamaddon Fatemeh , Khoje-neamah Ehsan
Published: February 2022

The pH-responsive magnetic hydrogel bearing hydrophobic chlorophenyl implants was prepared by cross-linking the as-prepared nanocarboxymethylcellulose crystals (NCMCC), g-Fe2O3-SO3H, and polyacrylamide (PAAmide) to the synthesized hydrophobic bis-amide N,N'-((4-chlorophenyl)methylene) diacrylamide (NNCMDA). g-Fe2O3-SO3H was either the hydrogel magnetizing agent or the solid acid catalyst for linker synthesis. Carboxymethylation of the cotton-derived nanocellulose was modified to give the NCMCC that cross-linked to the g-Fe2O3-SO3H, and PAAmide by NNCMDA to obtain the NCMCC/PAAmide/g-Fe2O3-SO3H/NNCMDA hydrogel. After characterization of the hydrogel by FT-IR, FESEM, TGA, VSM, and XRD, the results of swelling experiments showed a decrease in water absorption and swelling but retained hydrophilic surface of the hydrogel by hosting the hydrophobic cross-linker NNCMDA. Hydrogel revealed good adsorptive dye removal with selectivity to cationic ones, so its adsorption capacity for Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RB) were 717.0 mg/g and 61.0 mg/g, respectively. Simultaneous entering of hydrophobic NNCMDA implants and pH-responsive magnetizing agent g-Fe2O3-SO3H increased the performance of the hydrogel to remove the 74.68% MB and 50.85% RB without matrix change after the fifth recycling run. All resu1ts confirmed that NCMCC/PAAmide/g-Fe2O3-SO3H/NNCMDA hydrogel is an effective adsorbent for the dye removal from wastewater.
COVID-Vaccination Induces RCVS Attacks: A Case Report
Authors: Lund Anne Marie , Al-Karagholi Mohammad Al-Mahdi
Published: February 2022

Background
To describe and discuss the association between COVID-19 vaccination and RCVS attacks in a patient with RCVS and whether targeting angiotensin 2 receptor could be a preventive option.
Case presentation
A 30-year-old male previously diagnosed with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), presented to the department of neurology with accumulation of RCVS attacks after receiving the first Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. The neurologic exam, blood samples, electrocardiogram (ECG), and a computer tomography (CT) of the head were normal. The patient was treated with angiotensin-II receptor antagonist, Losartan, with a good response and was discharged with a prescription for Losartan lasting until three days after the second Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. No further RCVS attacks were reported.
Conclusions
Our case suggests that COVID-19 vaccine induces RCVS attacks in susceptible individuals and targeting angiotensin 2 receptor could be a preventive option.
M2 Macrophages Crosstalk with Ovarian Cancer Cells by Regulating Cell Ferroptosis via the miR-1228-3p/GPX4 Pathway
Authors: Wang Ying , Wu Nayiyuan , Luo Xia , Liao Qianjin , Wang Jing
Published: February 2022

Background
Presently, the occurrence and development mechanisms of ovarian cancer (OC) remain unclear. This study explored the potential mechanisms of M2 macrophages in the occurrence and development of OC.
Methods
The effect and potential mechanisms of M2 macrophages in OC cells were investigated by constructing a cell co-culture system. The differentially expressed microRNAs in OC patients were analyzed using bioinformatics, and their role in the occurrence and development of OC was further studied in vivo and in vitro through gene overexpression or knockdown.
Results
Interleukin (IL)-6 was highly expressed in the M2 macrophages. IL-6 secreted by M2 macrophages promoted glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, caused ferroptosis resistance, and promoted the proliferation and migration of OC cells, which was reversed by the ferroptosis inducer erastin. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-1228-3p was highly expressed in OC patients, further confirming that IL-6 promoted miR-1228-3p expression in OC cells and the secretion of exosomes rich in miR-1228-3p. This promotes the secretion of IL-6 by M2 macrophages and GPX4 expression in OC cells, leading to ferroptosis resistance and stimulating proliferation and migration. We found that IL-6R on the OC cell membrane, in fact, promoted GPX4 expression by mediating the miR-1228-3p/IL-6 dialogue, causing ferroptosis resistance and promoting the proliferation and migration of OC cells. In vivo nude mice subcutaneous tumor formation experiments further showed that OV-GPX4 and miR-1228-3p accelerated tumor volume and weight increase, while si-GPX4 miR-1228-3p inhibitor and si-IL-6R slowed down the increase in tumor volume and weight. IL-6 secreted by M2 macrophages induced OC cell ferroptosis resistance and promoted proliferation and migration through the miR-1228-3p/GPX4 pathway, thereby accelerating tumor growth in nude mice.
Conclusions
Our study may provide a possible therapeutic target for the development of OC.
Preoperative prediction of the pathological stage of advanced gastric cancer by 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Yamada Kota , Urakawa Naoki , Kanaji Shingo , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Yamamoto Masashi , Yamashita Kimihiro , Matsuda Takeru , Oshikiri Taro , Suzuki Satoshi , Kakeji Yoshihiro
Published: February 2022

In recent years, the usefulness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable advanced gastric cancer, particularly stage III, has been reported. Preoperative staging is mainly determined by computed tomography (CT), and the usefulness of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT) for gastric cancer remains unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of FDG-PET/CT in preoperative diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer. We retrospectively enrolled 113 patients with gastric cancer who underwent preoperative FDG-PET/CT. All patients underwent gastrectomy with lymph-node dissection. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor (T-SUVmax) and lymph nodes (N-SUVmax) were measured for all patients. The cutoff values of T-SUVmax for pathological T3/4 from receiver operating characteristic analysis were 8.28 for differentiated and 4.32 for undifferentiated types. The T-SUVmax and N-SUVmax cutoff values for pathological lymph-node metastasis were 4.32 and 1.82, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T-SUVmax for differentiated types was a significant predictor of pathological T3/4, and N-SUVmax was a significant predictor of lymph-node metastasis. In conclusion, the SUVmax of FDG-PET/CT was a useful predictor of pathological T3/4 and lymph-node metastasis in gastric cancer. The diagnosis by preoperative FDG-PET/CT allowed a more accurate staging of gastric cancer than by CT scan alone.
Endoscopic management of duodenal anastomotic leakage in descending part of duodenum: a case report and literature review.
Authors: Li Jiang , Cao Yinghao , Deng Shenghe , Cai Kailin
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDuodenal leakage following duodenectomy is a dreadful complication with high mortality. Patients with leakage may already have concurrent infection, nutritional deficiency, or organ failure, making surgical revision more difficult. Despite significant advances have occurred, the management of duodenal anastomotic leakage remains challenging. Although many cases had been reported, the treatment guideline is not concluded. Case presentationWe report a case of anastomotic leakage in descending part of duodenum. By endoscopic management, the duodenal drainage tube was inserted into the duodenal cavity for endoscopic negative pressure therapy and the feeding tube was placed for nutritional support. The surgery was performed while the status for patient was improved. In the end the patient was perfectly recovered.ConclusionIn the case we reported our experience with endoscopic management as the first-line treatment for anastomotic leakage following duodenectomy. The key to treatment is that we converted diffuse leakage into localized external fistula which was controlled. As flexible endoscopic technology had improved, we made full use of endoscopic management to achieve sufficient drainage and nutritional support. Endoscopic technology helped the patient getting through the most dangerous stages with a minimally invasive approach to buy time for the repairment surgery.
Human Non-hypertrophic Nonunion Tissue Contains Osteoblast Lineage Cells and E-BMP-2 Activates Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation
Authors: Yoshikawa Ryo , Fukui Tomoaki , Oe Keisuke , Kumabe Yohei , Oda Takahiro , Sawauchi Kenichi , Takase Kyohei , Yamamoto Yuya , Sakai Yoshitada , Kuroda Ryosuke , Niikura Takahiro
Published: February 2022

Background: Nonunions without hypertrophic callus formation has been identified based on X-ray findings, and we have defined it as non-hypertrophic nonunion. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a well-known growth factor for bone regeneration, and Escherichia coli-derived BMP-2 (E-BMP-2) is considered a low-cost alternative to currently available products for humans. In this in vitro study, we examined the proliferation capability and osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential of non-hypertrophic nonunion cells (NHNCs), and the effect of E-BMP-2 on them.Methods: We enrolled five patients with non-hypertrophic nonunion. NHNCs isolated from nonunion tissue sampled during surgery were cultured, passaged, and counted every 14 days. The surface antigen profiles of NHNCs were characterized using flow cytometry. Osteogenic differentiation capability was assessed using Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after culturing in osteogenic medium. Furthermore, chondrogenic differentiation capability was assessed using Safranin-O staining and real-time RT-PCR after culturing in chondrogenic medium. To examine the effect of E-BMP-2 on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and chondrogenic differentiation of NHNCs, they were cultured in each medium supplemented with 100 ng/mL E-BMP-2.Results: NHNCs were homogenous fibroblastic adherent cells and long-lived through at least 10 passages, with a slight decline. Flow cytometry revealed that the cells were consistently positive for mesenchymal stem cell-related markers CD73 and CD105, and negative for the hematopoietic markers CD14 and CD45. NHNCs were capable of differentiating into osteoblast lineage cells; however, they did not have strong calcification or sufficient chondrogenic differentiation capability. E-BMP-2 did not affect the proliferative capability of the cells but improved their osteogenic differentiation capability by increasing alkaline phosphatase activity and upregulating the gene expression of osterix, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin. Moreover, E-BMP-2 enhanced their chondrogenic differentiation capability by upregulating the gene expression of aggrecan and collagen type II.Conclusions: We showed for the first time that NHNCs had the capacity to differentiate into osteoblast-lineage cells, although the chondrogenic differentiation potential was poor. Local application of E-BMP-2 with preservation of nonunion tissue could be a treatment option for non-hypertrophic nonunion by promoting osteogenesis and chondrogenesis.
JNK3 overexpression in the entorhinal cortex disseminates to the hippocampus and induces cognitive deficiencies and Tau misfolding
Authors: Ardanaz Carlos G. , Bejarano Arantza , Echarte Beatriz , Smerdou Cristian , Martisova Eva , Martínez-Valbuena Iván , Luquin María-Rosario , Ramírez María J. , Solas Maite
Published: February 2022

c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are a family of protein kinases that can be activated by numerous stimuli and regulate a broad spectrum of biological processes in the Central Nervous System. JNK3, a specific isoform in the brain, have been shown to be involved in neurodegenerative conditions. Even though JNK over-activation has been observed in human brains affected with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), its role in AD pathology development is still unclear. One of the early regions of neuronal volume loss in AD is the Entorhinal Cortex (EC). Indeed, the loss of projections from EC to hippocampus (Hp) in the early phases of AD has raised the idea that the connection between EC and Hp could be deteriorated in AD. Thus, the main aim of the current work is to address if JNK3 overexpression in the EC could spread to the hippocampus, leading to cognitive deficiencies, similar to what occurs in early stages of AD. Data acquired in the current study suggest that JNK3 overexpression in the EC is also observed in the Hp and this leads to cognitive impairment. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and Tau immunoreactivity appeared to be increased both in the EC and Hp. Therefore, activation of inflammatory signaling and induction of Tau aberrant misfolding caused by JNK3 could be the underlying mechanism of the observed cognitive impairment. Altogether, JNK3 overexpression may disseminate from EC to Hp inducing cognitive dysfunction in vulnerable brain regions and may underlie the alterations observed in early stages of AD.
Similar pulmonary functional outcomes at 3 months in critical COVID-19 survivors hospitalized during the first, second, and third pandemic waves
Authors: Dusart Cecile , Smet Jelle , Chirumberro Audrey , André Stephanie , De Bels David , Roman Alain , Claus Marc , Bruyneel Anne Violette , Menez Ophelie , Alard Stephane , De Vos Nathalie , Bruyneel Marie
Published: February 2022

Introduction Despite improvements in the management of COVID-19 patients, we still don’t know whether pharmacological treatments and improvements in ventilatory support have changed outcomes for intensive care unit (ICU) survivors of the three consecutive waves (w) of the pandemic. The objective of this study was to assess pulmonary functional outcomes, radiologic pattern, and quality of life (QoL) in ICU COVID-19 survivors at 3 months, according to pandemic wave. Methods All patients admitted to the ICU for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at two university hospitals were prospectively included and assessed 3 months post-ICU discharge by chest CT, pulmonary function test (PFT), 6-minute walking distance test (6MWDT), respiratory muscle strength (RMS) test, and Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Results Eighty-four ARDS COVID-19 survivors were included. Hospital length of stay was shorter during w3 vs w1 (23.4 ± 14.2 days vs 34.7 ± 20.8 days, p = 0.03). Fewer patients required mechanical ventilation (MV) during w2 vs w1 (33.3% vs 63.9%, p = 0.0038). Three months after ICU discharge, PFT, 6MWDT, and RMS were similar, regardless of wave (p > 0.05). QoL (SF-36) was worse for patients in w1 vs w3 (64.7 ± 16.3 vs 49.2 ± 23.2, p = 0.0169). On linear/logistic regression analysis, MV was associated with decreased TLC, FEV1, DLCO, and RMS (w1,2,3, p < 0.05). Low SF-36 score was correlated with low 6MWDT (w3, p = 0.01). The use of glucocorticoids was associated with better TLC, FEV1, DLCO, and number of affected segments on chest CT (p = 0.0001), and tocilizumab was associated with higher TLC (p = 0.027). Remdesevir improved MV duration in wave 2 (p = 0.008). Conclusions Despite better understanding and management of COVID-19, PFT, 6MWDT, and RMS remained similar in ICU survivors, regardless of the pandemic wave in which they were hospitalized.