bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cellulose Elementary Fibrils as Deagglomerated Binder for High-Mass-Loading Lithium Battery Electrodes
Authors: Hong Young-Kuk , Kim Jung-Hui , Kim Nag-Young , Oh Kyeong-Seok , Kim Hong-I , Ryu Seokhyeon , Ko Yumi , Kim Ji-Young , Lee Kwon-Hyung , Lee Sang-Young
Published: January 2025

Amidst the ever-growing interest in high-mass-loading Li battery electrodes, a persistent challenge has been the insufficient continuity of their ion/electron conduction pathways. Here, we propose cellulose elementary fibrils (CEFs) as a class of deagglomerated binder for high-mass-loading electrodes. Derived from natural wood, CEF represents the most fundamental unit of cellulose with nanoscale diameter. The preparation of the CEFs involves the modulation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding by the treatment with a proton acceptor and a hydrotropic agent. This elementary deagglomeration of the cellulose fibers increases surface area and anionic charge density, thus promoting uniform dispersion with carbon conductive additives and suppressing interfacial side reactions at electrodes. Consequently, a homogeneous redox reaction is achieved throughout the electrodes. The resulting CEF-based cathode (overlithiated layered oxide (OLO) is chosen as a benchmark electrode active material) exhibits a high areal-mass-loading (50 mg cm–2, equivalent to an areal capacity of 12.5 mAh cm–2) and a high specific energy density (445.4 Wh kg–1) of a cell, which far exceeds those of previously reported OLO cathodes. This study highlights the viability of the deagglomerated binder in enabling sustainable high-mass-loading electrodes that are difficult to achieve with conventional synthetic polymer binders.
Narrative Creativity
Authors: Fletcher Angus , Benveniste Mike
Published: January 2025

This Element offers a concise introduction to the theory and practice of narrative creativity. It distinguishes narrative creativity from ideation, divergent thinking, design thinking, brainstorming, and other current approaches to explaining and/or cultivating creativity. It explains the biological and neuroscientific origins of narrative creativity. It provides practical exercises, developed and tested in hundreds of classrooms and businesses, and validated independently by the US Army. It details how narrative creativity contributes to technological innovation, scientific progress, cultural growth, and psychological wellbeing. It describes how narrative creativity can be assessed. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Wessex Tales
Authors: Hardy Thomas
Published: January 2025

Hardy's first collection of short stories, Wessex Tales contains some of his most famous narratives. 'The Three Strangers' is often described as the quintessential example of his short fiction, while 'The Withered Arm,' with its suggestion of supernatural influences and its shocking conclusion, has thrilled readers for over a century. Tales such as 'Fellow-Townsmen' and 'Intruders at the Knap' showcase Hardy's typically ironic approach to the relationship between the sexes, and 'The Distracted Preacher' shows his undervalued comic touch. The re-introduction of 'An Imaginative Woman' into the collection, which Hardy at one point inserted and then subsequently removed, restores the volume to his original intention. This edition provides an authoritative text and full scholarly apparatus, allowing the reader to trace Hardy's creative process for each of the stories. It also includes an introductory essay discussing the work's composition, publication and critical reception, and comprehensive explanatory notes.
Hauora: relational wellbeing of Māori community support workers
Authors: Nicholson Amber , Hurd Fiona , Ravenswood Katherine
Published: January 2025

There has been growing global interest in wellbeing over recent decades, yet what constitutes wellbeing depends on cultural and philosophical traditions, as well as worldview and knowledge systems. Our article offers an Indigenous Māori view on hauora – relational wellbeing – which emanates from the spiritual essence and ethic of hau, and traverses ecological, social, and economic spheres. We use the case study of Māori community support workers (CSWs), who, in our study, found that their hauora was affected by discrimination, racism, and a lack of cultural awareness and support from employers. Our participants, centred mostly within corporate community support providers, found that Western models of care and support did not allow for the expression of tikanga Māori, which limited their options for providing culturally appropriate care. Also prevalent was the lack of recognition by employers and funders of the importance of culture and culturally appropriate care. The implications of acknowledging hauora within Aotearoa New Zealand’s wellbeing frameworks are then examined, showing that Māori notions of wellbeing have the potential to deliver better outcomes not only for Māori but for all New Zealanders. In this article, we provide some recommendations and reflections on how organisations can prioritise and embed the cultural wellbeing of Māori CSWs, their whānau and their clients in the workplace.
In From the Cold: Notes on Sixteenth-Century English Catholic History
Authors: Domínguez Freddy Cristóbal
Published: January 2025

English Catholic history continues to tread new ground, revisit old theories, and draw together theoretical and geographical frameworks. However, it continues to struggle to be accepted as part of the “mainstream” narrative of English history. In this review essay, I explore three key areas of growth related to the study of sixteenth-century English Catholicism: returning Catholics to the “high politics” of England; a renewed emphasis on gender, particularly the role of religious women; and an international/transnational orientation that reaffirms the close ties between Britain and the Continent. Recently reviewed works include Lillian Lodine-Chaffey, A Weak Woman in a Strong Battle: Women and Public Execution in Early Modern England (2022); Michael Questier, Catholics and Treason: Martyrology, Memory, and Politics in the Post-Reformation (2022); Susan Cogan, Catholic Social Networks in Early Modern England (2021); Javier Burguillo and María José Vega, eds., Épica y conflicto religioso en el siglo XVI: Anglicanismo y luteranismo desde el imaginario hispánico, (2021); Cormac Begadon and James E. Kelly, eds., British and Irish Religious Orders in Europe, 1560–1800: Conventuals, Mendicants and Monastics in Motion (2022); Frederick Smith, Transnational Catholicism in Tudor England: Mobility, Exile, and Counter-Reformation, 1530–1580 (2022); Alexander Samson, Mary and Philip: The Marriage of Tudor England and Habsburg Spain (2020); Deborah Forteza, The English Reformation in the Spanish Imagination: Rewriting Nero, Jezebel, and the Dragon (2022); Liesbeth Corens, Confessional Mobility and English Catholics in Counter-Reformation Europe (2019) as well as work by Michael Questier and Peter Lake.
No time to die: Radiocarbon chronology of the funerary monument of El Amarejo 1 and burial practices during the Bronze Age in the Southern Meseta, Spain
Authors: García Atiénzar Gabriel , Salazar-García Domingo C , Castillo Vizcaíno Laura , Rodríguez Cano José Vicente
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the radiocarbon context of the megalithic monument El Amarejo 1, situated in the corridor of Almansa in the southern region of La Meseta in Spain. The monument was constructed using small and medium-sized masonry, comprising a short corridor and two separate chambers in which burials were carried out. The results of the 14C analyses of each of the 11 individuals documented indicate that the monument was in use between approximately 1900 and 1200 cal BC. Bayesian modeling of the radiocarbon dates allows for the proposition of hypotheses regarding the construction, utilisation dynamics, and abandonment of the monument. The combination of these new data with the analysis of the 14C dating of other burials from the Bronze Age of La Mancha reveals a complex and heterogeneous panorama. The evidence presented and analyzed in this paper suggests that burial practices associated with fortified settlements and their domestic areas shared space and time with the construction of megalithic monuments located near settlements.
Adapting distribution patterns of desert locusts, Schistocerca gregaria in response to global climate change
Authors: Chang Xiao , Feng Shiqian , Ullah Farman , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Yu , Qin Yujia , Nderitu John Huria , Dong Yingying , Huang Wenjiang , Zhang Zehua , Tu Xiongbing
Published: January 2025

The desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) is a destructive migratory pest, posing great threat to over 60 countries globally. In the backdrop of climate change, the habitat suitability of desert locusts is poised to undergo alterations. Hence, investigating the shifting dynamics of desert locust habitats holds profound significance in ensuring global agricultural resilience and food security. In this study, we combined the maximum entropy modelling and geographic information system technology to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the impact of climate change on the distribution patterns and habitat adaptability of desert locusts. The results indicate that the suitable areas for desert locusts (0.2976 × 108 km2) are concentrated in northern Africa and southwestern Asia, accounting for 19.97% of the total global land area. Key environmental variables affecting the desert locust distribution include temperature annual range, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, average temperature of February, and precipitation of the driest month. Under the SSP1–2.6 and SSP5–8.5 climate scenarios, potential suitable areas for desert locusts are estimated to increase from 2030 (2021–2040) to 2090 (2081–2100). By 2090, highly suitable areas for SSP1–2.6 and SSP5–8.5 are projected to be 0.0606 × 108 and 0.0891 × 108 km2, respectively, reflecting an expansion of 1.84 and 2.77% compared to existing ones. These research findings provide a theoretical basis for adopting prevention and control strategies for desert locusts.
A generalist vector-transmitted parasite exhibits population genetic structure among host genera
Authors: Ellis Vincenzo A. , Duc Mélanie , Ciloglu Arif , Hellgren Olof , Bensch Staffan
Published: January 2025

Generalist parasites experience selective pressures from the various host species they infect. However, it is unclear if parasite transmission among host species precludes the establishment of host-specific adaptations and population genetic structure. We assessed the population genetic structure of the vector-transmitted avian haemosporidian parasite Haemoproteus majoris (lineage WW2; n = 34 infections) in a single site in southern Sweden among 10 of its host species. The 2 best-sampled host genera were Phylloscopus (2 species, n = 15 infections) and Sylvia (4 species, n = 15). We designed a sequence capture protocol to isolate 1.13 Mbp (ca. 5%) of the parasite genome and identified 1399 variable sites among the sequenced infections. In a principal components analysis, infections of Phylloscopus and Sylvia species mostly separated along the first 2 principal components. Sites with the highest FST values between the genera were found in genes that have mostly not been implicated in infection pathways, but several sites code for amino acid changes. An analysis of molecular variance confirmed significant variation among host genera, but not among host species within genera. The distribution of Tajima’s D among sequenced loci was negatively skewed, plausibly reflecting a history of bottleneck followed by population expansion. Tajima’s D was lower in infections of Phylloscopus than Sylvia, plausibly because WW2 began infecting Phylloscopus hosts after it was already a parasite of Sylvia hosts. Our results provide evidence of vector-transmitted parasite population differentiation among host species in a single location. Future work should focus on identifying the mechanisms underlying this genetic population structure.
A multi-modal learning method for pick-and-place task based on human demonstration
Authors: Yu Diqing , Fan Xinggang , Li Yaonan , Chen Heping , Li Han , Jin Yuao
Published: January 2025

Robot pick-and-place for unknown objects is still a very challenging research topic. This paper proposes a multi-modal learning method for robot one-shot imitation of pick-and-place tasks. This method aims to enhance the generality of industrial robots while reducing the amount of data and training costs the one-shot imitation method relies on. The method first categorizes human demonstration videos into different tasks, and these tasks are classified into six types to symbolize as many types of pick-and-place tasks as possible. Second, the method generates multi-modal prompts and finally predicts the action of the robot and completes the symbolic pick-and-place task in industrial production. A carefully curated dataset is created to complement the method. The dataset consists of human demonstration videos and instance images focused on real-world scenes and industrial tasks, which fosters adaptable and efficient learning. Experimental results demonstrate favorable success rates and loss results both in simulation environments and real-world experiments, confirming its effectiveness and practicality.
The bisexual branching processes affected by viral infectivity and with random control functions in random environments
Authors: Ren Min , Zhang Guanghui
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the model of bisexual branching processes affected by viral infectivity and with random control functions in independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random environments is established and the Markov property is given firstly. Then the relations of the probability generating functions of this model are studied, and some sufficient conditions for process extinction under common mating functions are presented. Finally, the limiting behaviors of the considered model after proper normalization, such as the sufficient conditions for the convergence in L1 and L2 and almost everywhere convergence, are investigated under the condition that the random control functions are super additive.
Epidemiological and osteoarticular involvement sites’ characteristics of multiple osteoarticular tuberculosis: a scoping review
Authors: Zhou Jian , Yang Xuanjie , Hu Yong , Li Shijun
Published: January 2025

Multiple osteoarticular tuberculosis (MOT) represents an uncommon yet severe form of tuberculosis, characterized by a lack of systematic analysis and comprehension. Our objective was to delineate MOT’s epidemiological characteristics and establish a scientific foundation for prevention and treatment. We conducted searches across eight databases to identify relevant articles. Pearson’s chi-square test (Fisher’s exact test) and Bonferroni method were employed to assess osteoarticular involvement among patients of varying age and gender (α = 0.05). The study comprised 98 articles, encompassing 151 cases from 22 countries, with China and India collectively contributing 67.55% of cases. MOT predominantly affected individuals aged 0–30 years (58.94%). Pulmonary tuberculosis was evident in 16.55% of cases, with spinal involvement prevalent (57.62%). Significant differences were noted in trunk, spine, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae involvement, as well as type I lesions across age groups, increasing with age. Moreover, significant differences were observed in upper limb bone involvement and type II lesions across age groups, decreasing with age. Gender differences were not significant. MOT primarily manifests in China and India, predominantly among younger individuals, indicating age-related variations in osteoarticular involvement. Enhanced clinical awareness is crucial for accurate MOT diagnosis, mitigating missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses.
Mapping the evidence of self-compassion in caregiver wellbeing for caregivers of persons with neurodegenerative disease: A scoping review
Authors: Lero Christi M. , Park Soobin , Mroz Emily L.
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Caregivers of those with neurodegenerative disease (ND) manage complex symptoms which impact their wellbeing. Self-compassion can promote maintenance of wellbeing during challenging experiences, including caregiving. Little guidance exists for observationally studying self-compassion or targeted interventions for this population. Our objective was to complete a scoping review of research describing self-compassion in the context of caregiver wellbeing of caregivers of those living with ND.

Methods

Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, 3 online databases identified 350 peer-reviewed articles, 18 of which were included in this study. Eligibility included being written in English, targeting caregivers of those living with ND, and examination of self-compassion. Articles were organized by the incorporation or characterization of self-compassion in the study design.

Results

Alzheimer’s disease predominated study samples of care recipients. Across study types self-compassion appeared as a theoretical concept, emerging theme, variable associated with other outcomes, and main outcome variable. Self-compassion is frequently measured using the Self-Compassion Scale, full or short form .

Significance of results

The study of self-compassion with caregivers of individuals living with ND is growing. Current literature is somewhat unfocussed, leading to gaps in understanding conceptualization to achieve maximum intervention benefits. Clarifying the role of self-compassion in caregiver wellbeing will provide a lens through which non-pharmacologic, psychotherapeutic, and behavioral intervention development may be framed to reduce negative psychological outcomes. The most frequently represented ND is Alzheimer’s disease or other dementia, obscuring other NDs like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and others.
Exporting the Tools of Dictatorship: The Politics of China’s Technology Transfers
Authors: Carter Erin Baggott , Carter Brett L.
Published: January 2025

The Chinese government is revolutionizing digital surveillance at home and exporting these technologies abroad. Do these technology transfers help recipient governments expand digital surveillance, impose internet shutdowns, filter the internet, and target repression for online content? We focus on Huawei, the world’s largest telecommunications provider, which is partly state-owned and increasingly regarded as an instrument of its foreign policy. Using a global sample and an identification strategy based on generalized synthetic controls, we show that the effect of Huawei transfers depends on preexisting political institutions in recipient countries. In the world’s autocracies, Huawei technology facilitates digital repression. We find no effect in the world’s democracies, which are more likely to have laws that regulate digital privacy, institutions that punish government violations, and vibrant civil societies that step in when institutions come under strain. Most broadly, this article advances a large literature about the geopolitical implications of China’s rise.
Enhanced Forecasting and Assessment of Urban Air Quality by an Automated Machine Learning System: The AI‐Air
Authors: Yang Jiayu , Ke Huabing , Gong Sunling , Wang Yaqiang , Zhang Lei , Zhou Chunhong , Mo Jingyue , You Yan
Published: January 2025

An automated air quality forecasting system (AI‐Air) was developed to optimize and improve air quality forecasting for different typical cities, combined with the China Meteorological Administration Unified Atmospheric Chemistry Environmental Model (CUACE), and used in a typical inland city of Zhengzhou and a coastal city of Haikou in China. The performance evaluation results show that for the PM2.5 forecasts, the correlation coefficient (R) is increased by 0.07–0.13, and the mean error (ME) and root mean square error (RMSE) is decreased by 3.2–3.5 and 3.8–4.7 μg/m³. Similarly, for the O3 forecasts, the R value is improved by 0.09–0.44, and ME and RMSE values are reduced by 7.1–22.8 and 9.0–25.9 μg/m³, respectively. Case analyses of operational forecasting also indicate that the AI‐Air system can significantly improve the forecasting performance of pollutant concentrations and effectively correct underestimation, or overestimation phenomena compared to the CUACE model. Additionally, explanatory analyses were performed to assess the key meteorological factors affecting air quality in cities with different topographic and climatic conditions. The AI‐Air system highlights the potential of AI techniques to improve forecast accuracy and efficiency, and with promising applications in the field of air quality forecasting.
Influence of Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones on the Development of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation in December 2011
Authors: Pei Suyang , Shinoda Toshiaki
Published: January 2025

Previous studies demonstrate that the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) modulates tropical cyclone (TC) activity over various locations worldwide. Since TCs are associated with anomalous large‐scale circulations, they can influence the development of the MJO. However, the impact of TC on the MJO has not been thoroughly examined. This study investigates the influence of TC‐associated processes on the MJO development based on the analysis of a case observed during the Dynamics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation field campaign. During the suppressed phase before the December 2011 MJO initiation, two TCs were active in the southern Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO). A dry air band within 10°S‐Eq is sustained by TC‐induced horizontal advection and descent, inhibiting large‐scale convection in the southern equatorial IO. Consequently, convection is triggered and develops only in the northern TIO around Eq‐10°N. The MJO initiates as convection develops south of the equator after the TCs dissipate.
Explaining the 2022 Record Low Great Salt Lake Volume
Authors: Bigalke Siiri , Loikith Paul , Siler Nicholas
Published: January 2025

The Great Salt Lake reached the lowest water volume in its entire 170+ year record in 2022. To explain this record low we develop and apply a lake mass‐balance model and perform four simulations: one where all input and output variables are fixed to their mid‐20th century average resulting in an equilibrium lake volume, and three others where one of the input variables (precipitation or streamflow) or the output variable (evaporation) follows observations while the other two are fixed to their mid‐20th century average. Results show anomalously low streamflow accounting for the largest proportion of the lake volume departure from the equilibrium state by 2022, resulting in about three times the additional water loss over 1950–2022 as increasing evaporation, which played the second largest role. Precipitation changes played a minimal role. Though streamflow had a greater effect, the lake would not have reached the record low volume without increasing evaporation.
Microphysical Evolution Throughout the Unprecedented Short‐Term Heavy Precipitation Caused by Typhoon Haikui (2023)
Authors: Wang Lan , Bao Xuwei , Chen Guanghua , Zhang Shuai
Published: January 2025

Typhoon Haikui (2023) brought an unprecedented rainstorm to Fuzhou, with a rainfall record of 360.4 mm in 12 hr and an instantaneous rain rate of 234 mm hr−1. This study investigates the evolution of precipitation microphysics during this short‐term period. High rain rates exceeding 100 mm hr−1 along with large mass‐weighted diameter Dm were predominantly observed in the first 3 hr (Stage I), while the next 9 hr (Stage II) experienced less than 100 mm hr−1. At the onset of Stage I, it is warm‐cloud processes that mainly contributed to the increased rain rate, yet the rain rates hardly exceeded 200 mm hr−1. Approximately 1 hr later, a rain rate of 234 mm hr−1 occurred due to a joint contribution of ice‐ and warm‐cloud processes, characterized by the increased horizontal reflectivity throughout the troposphere. Moreover, this study provides a new insight into the correlation between rainfall intensity and convective intensity.
Meridional Central Pacific Ocean Depth Section for Pb and Pb Isotopes (GEOTRACES GP15, 152°W, 56°N to 20°S) Including Shipboard Aerosols
Authors: Jiang Shuo , Lanning Nathan , Boyle Edward , Fitzsimmons Jessica , Ramezani Jahandar , Wang Avery G. , Zhang Jing
Published: January 2025

Most oceanic lead (Pb) is from anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere deposited into surface waters, mostly during the past two centuries. The space‐ and time‐dependent emission patterns of anthropogenic Pb (and its isotope ratios) constitute a global geochemical experiment providing information on advective, mixing, chemical, and particle flux processes redistributing Pb within the ocean. Pb shares aspects of its behavior with other elements, for example, atmospheric input, dust solubilization, biological uptake, and reversible exchange between dissolved and adsorbed Pb on sinking particles. The evolving distributions allow us to see signals hidden in steady‐state tracer distributions. The global anthropogenic Pb emission experiment serves as a tool to understand oceanic trace element dynamics. We obtained a high‐resolution (5° station spacing) depth transect of dissolved Pb concentrations and Pb isotopes from Alaska (55°N) to just north of Tahiti (20°S) near 152°W longitude. The sections reveal distinct sources of Pb (American, Australian, and Chinese), transport of Australian style Pb to the water mass formation region of Sub‐Antarctic Mode Water which is advected northward, columnar Pb isotope contours due to reversible particle exchange on sinking particles from high‐productivity particle veils, and a gradient of high northern deep water [Pb] to low southern deep water [Pb] that is created by reversible exchange release of Pb from sinking particles carrying predominantly northern hemisphere Pb. 208Pb/206Pb versus 206Pb/207Pb isotope relationships show that most oceanic Pb in the North Pacific is from Chinese and American sources, whereas Pb in the South Pacific is from Australian and American sources.
Toward Spatio‐Temporally Consistent Multi‐Site Fire Danger Downscaling With Explainable Deep Learning
Authors: Mirones Óscar , Baño‐Medina Jorge , Brands Swen , Bedia Joaquín
Published: January 2025

This study introduces a novel Convolutional Long Short‐Term Memory neural networks (ConvLSTM)‐based multi‐site downscaling approach for fire danger prediction, that leverages the properties of Long‐Short Term Memory (LSTM) Recursive Neural Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) by learning daily Multivariate‐Gaussian distributions conditioned on large‐scale atmospheric predictors. The ConvLSTM‐Multivariate‐Gaussian (MG) model enhances the predictive accuracy, spatial coherence, and temporal alignment of the downscaled Fire Weather Index (FWI). We compared its performance with Generalized Linear Models and a CNN‐based benchmark across multiple locations in Spain, focusing on extreme FWI events. Our findings show that ConvLSTM‐MG outperforms in predictive accuracy and distributional consistency, effectively capturing spatial and temporal variability. It reduces correlation length bias by over 50% and mutual information error in 90th percentile of FWI by over 80%, demonstrating robustness in representing spatial correlations under extreme conditions. The model's temporal performance aligns closely with observed data as measured by the autocorrelation function, making it a promising tool for multi‐site downscaling. Additionally, the use of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence techniques enhances model interpretability, providing insights into influential variables. Unlike other deep learning models, ConvLSTM‐MG prioritizes simplicity and ease of training, making it accessible and practical for regional weather station networks. This approach offers significant improvements in fire danger prediction, crucial for climate impact assessment and fire prevention.
EclipseNB: A Network of Low‐Cost GNSS Receivers to Study the Ionosphere
Authors: Kashcheyev A. , Nava B. , Watson C. , Jayachandran P. T. , Langley R. B.
Published: January 2025

This work aims to demonstrate that dense networks of low‐cost dual‐frequency global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receivers can be used to retrieve ionospheric electron content with almost the same level of accuracy as scientific‐grade GNSS receivers. A network of 15 GNSS receivers called EclipseNB was designed and installed in New Brunswick, Canada to study ionospheric structure and dynamic behavior, including the response of the ionosphere to the total solar eclipse in April 2024. EclipseNB observations during the solar eclipse and the extreme geomagnetic storm in May 2024 are presented. The status and the future of the network are discussed.
3D printable and myoelectrically sensitive hydrogel for smart prosthetic hand control
Authors: Lai Jinxin , Xiao Longya , Zhu Beichen , Xie Longhan , Jiang Hongjie
Published: January 2025

Surface electromyogram (sEMG) serves as a means to discern human movement intentions, achieved by applying epidermal electrodes to specific body regions. However, it is difficult to obtain high-fidelity sEMG recordings in areas with intricate curved surfaces, such as the body, because regular sEMG electrodes have stiff structures. In this study, we developed myoelectrically sensitive hydrogels via 3D printing and integrated them into a stretchable, flexible, and high-density sEMG electrodes array. This electrode array offered a series of excellent human-machine interface (HMI) features, including conformal adherence to the skin, high electron-to-ion conductivity (and thus lower contact impedance), and sustained stability over extended periods. These attributes render our electrodes more conducive than commercial electrodes for long-term wearing and high-fidelity sEMG recording at complicated skin interfaces. Systematic in vivo studies were used to investigate its efficacy to control a prosthetic hand by decoding sEMG signals from the human hand via a multiple-channel readout circuit and a sophisticated artificial intelligence algorithm. Our findings demonstrate that the 3D printed gel myoelectric sensing system enables real-time and highly precise control of a prosthetic hand.
Targeting SRSF1 improves cancer immunotherapy by dually acting on CD8+T and tumor cells
Authors: Zhu Gui-Qi , Tang Zheng , Chu Tian-Hao , Wang Biao , Chen Shi-Ping , Tao Chen-Yang , Cai Jia-Liang , Yang Rui , Qu Wei-Feng , Wang Yi , Zhao Qian-Fu , Huang Run , Tian Meng-Xin , Fang Yuan , Gao Jun , Wu Xiao-Ling , Zhou Jian , Liu Wei-Ren , Dai Zhi , Shi Ying-Hong , Fan Jia
Published: January 2025

Serine arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) is a key oncogenic splicing factor in various cancers, promoting abnormal gene expression through post-translational regulation. Although the protumoral function of SRSF1 is well-established, the effects of inhibiting tumor-intrinsic SRSF1 on the tumor microenvironment and its impact on CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity remain unclear. Our findings indicate that depleting SRSF1 in CD8+ T cells improve antitumor immune function, glycolytic metabolism, and the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy. The inactivation of SRSF1 in tumor cells reduces transcription factors, including c-Jun, c-myc, and JunB, facilitating glycolytic metabolism reprogramming, which restores CD8+ T cell function and inhibits tumor growth. The small-molecule inhibitor TN2008 targets SRSF1, boosting antitumor immune responses and improving immunotherapy effectiveness in mouse models. We therefore introduce a paradigm targeting SRSF1 that simultaneously disrupts tumor cell metabolism and enhances the antitumor immunity of CD8+ T cells.
Myeloablative conditioning in cord blood transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia patients is efficacious only until age 55
Authors: Oshima Shinichiro , Arai Yasuyuki , Kondo Tadakazu , Yano Shingo , Hirabayashi Shigeki , Uchida Naoyuki , Onizuka Makoto , Miyakoshi Shigesaburo , Tanaka Masatsugu , Takahashi Satoshi , Hayashi Masayuki , Kawakita Toshiro , Uehara Yasufumi , Ota Shuichi , Izumi Toru , Sawa Masashi , Nishida Tetsuya , Katayama Yuta , Nagafuji Koji , Kato Koji , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Atsuta Yoshiko , Yanada Masamitsu
Published: January 2025

Umbilical cord blood transplantation (CBT) is accepted as an effective treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC), rather than myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimens allowed elderly patients to be treated safely. However, appropriate intensities of conditioning regimens are still unclear, especially for middle-aged patients. To compare outcomes after RIC and MAC regimens, we analyzed AML patients aged 16 years or older in the Japanese registry database, who underwent single cord unit CBT between 2010-2019. Median ages of the RIC group (n = 1353) and the MAC group (n = 2101) were 59 and 51 years (P < 0.001), respectively. 5-year overall survival (OS) after MAC was superior to that of RIC (38.3% vs 27.7%, P < 0.001) with lower incidence of relapse (33.9% vs 37.4%, P = 0.029) and better neutrophil engraftment (84.7% vs 75.9%, P < 0.001). Detailed subgroup analysis revealed that age at transplantation is the most important factor affecting 5-year OS in RIC and MAC. This analysis identified a threshold of 55 years, beyond which the superiority of MAC disappeared, irrespective of other factors such as disease status or performance status. In conclusion, RIC may be preferable for patients aged 56 or older in CBT for AML due to higher potential toxicities.
Distribution of the four type VI secretion systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and classification of their core and accessory effectors
Authors: Habich Antonia , Chaves Vargas Verónica , Robinson Luca A. , Allsopp Luke P. , Unterweger Daniel
Published: January 2025

Bacterial type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are puncturing molecular machines that transport effector proteins to kill microbes, manipulate eukaryotic cells, or facilitate nutrient uptake. How and why T6SS machines and effectors differ within a species is not fully understood. Here, we applied molecular population genetics to the T6SSs in a global population of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We reveal varying occurrence of up to four distinct T6SS machines. Moreover, we define conserved core T6SS effectors, likely critical for the biology of P. aeruginosa, and accessory effectors that can exhibit mutual exclusivity between strains. By ancestral reconstruction, we observed dynamic changes in the gain and loss of effector genes in the species’ evolutionary history. Our work highlights the potential importance of T6SS intraspecific diversity in bacterial ecology and evolution.
Spatiotemporal observation of surface plasmon polariton mediated ultrafast demagnetization
Authors: Fan Yuzhu , Cao Gaolong , Jiang Sheng , Åkerman Johan , Weissenrieder Jonas
Published: January 2025

Surface plasmons offer a promising avenue in the pursuit of swift and localized manipulation of magnetism for advanced magnetic storage and information processing technology. However, observing and understanding spatiotemporal interactions between surface plasmons and spins remains challenging, hindering optimal optical control of magnetism. Here, we demonstrate the spatiotemporal observation of patterned ultrafast demagnetization dynamics in permalloy mediated by propagating surface plasmon polaritons with sub-picosecond time- and sub-μm spatial- scales by employing Lorentz ultrafast electron microscopy combined with excitation through transient optical gratings. We discover correlated spatial distributions of demagnetization amplitude and surface plasmon polariton intensity, the latter characterized by photo-induced near-field electron microscopy. Furthermore, by comparing the results with patterned ultrafast demagnetization dynamics without surface plasmon polariton interaction, we show that the demagnetization is not only enhanced but also exhibits a spatiotemporal modulation near a spatial discontinuity (plasmonic hot spot). Our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between surface plasmons and spins, offer insights into the optimized control of optical excitation of magnetic materials and push the boundaries of ultrafast manipulation of magnetism.
Molten Sn solvent expands liquid metal catalysis
Authors: Tang Junma , Meftahi Nastaran , Christofferson Andrew J. , Sun Jing , Yu Ruohan , Rahim Md. Arifur , Tang Jianbo , Mao Guangzhao , Daeneke Torben , Kaner Richard B. , Russo Salvy P. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh
Published: January 2025

Regulating favorable assemblies of metallic atoms in the liquid state provides promise for catalyzing various chemical reactions. Expanding the selection of metallic solvents, especially those with unique properties and low cost, enables access to distinctive fluidic atomic structures on the surface of liquid alloys and offers economic feasibility. Here, Sn solvent, as a low-cost commodity, supports unique atomic assemblies at the interface of molten SnIn0.1034Cu0.0094, which are highly selective for H2 synthesis from hydrocarbons. Atomistic simulations reveal that distinctive adsorption patterns with hexadecane can be established with Cu transiently reaching the interfacial layer, ensuring an energy-favorable route for H2 generation. Experiments with a natural oil as feedstock underscore this approach’s performance, producing 1.2 × 10−
4 mol/min of H2 with 5.0 g of catalyst at ~93.0% selectivity while offering reliable scalability and durability at 260 °C. This work presents an alternative avenue of tuning fluidic atomic structures, broadening the applications of liquid metals.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of Cyperus iria, an aggressive weed of rice
Authors: Yang Siyu , Cao Qingyi , Wen Zexin , Wang Aoxue , Shi Shiyao , Liang Zhuoying , Li Shuying , Gui Wenjun , Zhu Jinwen
Published: January 2025

Cyperus iria is an aggressive weed of rice throughout the world. Until now, the reference genome of C. iria has not been published. Here, we completed the chromosome-level genome assembly of C. iria based on Illumina, PacBio and Hi-C reads. The assembled genome size of C. iria was 479.08 Mb with a contig N50 of 7.02 Mb. 68 pseudochromosomes were produced using Hi-C scaffolding, accounting for 99.65% of the assembled genome. The number of predicted protein-coding genes is 47,395, of which 93.26% were annotated, and 37.69% repetitive sequences were identified. Our study provided a valuable genomic resource for the molecular biology research and the management of C. iria.
One pot synthesis of poly m-toluidine incorporated silver and silver oxide nanocomposite as a promising electrode for supercapacitor devices
Authors: Essam Doaa , Ahmed Ashour M. , Abdel-Khaliek Ahmed A. , Shaban Mohamed , Rabia Mohamed
Published: January 2025

The design and fabrication of novel electrodes with strong electrochemical responses are crucial in advanced supercapacitor technology. In this study, a poly(m-toluidine)/silver-silver oxide (PMT/Ag-Ag2O) nanocomposite was prepared using the photopolymerization method. Various characterization techniques were employed to analyze the prepared nanomaterials. The resulting structure of Ag-Ag2O minimizes ion diffusion distances, increases active sites, and accelerates redox reactions. The electrochemical response of PMT and PMT/Ag-Ag2O electrodes was evaluated in three different electrolyte solutions (Na2SO4, H2SO4, and HCl). The specific capacitance of PMT/Ag-Ag2O nanocomposite was found to be higher than that of PMT alone. Among the tested electrolytes, HCl exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 443 F g−1 at a gravimetric current density of 0.4 A g−1, surpassing H2SO4 (104 F g−1) and Na2SO4 (32 F g−1). Also, the PMT/Ag-Ag2O nanocomposite has demonstrated good cycling stability. It exhibited a high specific power density of 156 W Kg−1 and a specific energy density of 1.8 Wh Kg−1. These results highlight the potential of the prepared PMT/Ag-Ag2O nanocomposite as a nanoelectrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
The Shu complex interacts with the replicative helicase to prevent mutations and aberrant recombination
Authors: Fagunloye Adeola A , De Magis Alessio , Little Jordan H , Contreras Isabela , Dorwart Tanis J , Bonilla Braulio , Gupta Kushol , Clark Nathan , Zacheja Theresa , Paeschke Katrin , Bernstein Kara A
Published: January 2025

Homologous recombination (HR) is important for DNA damage tolerance during replication. The yeast Shu complex, a conserved homologous recombination factor, prevents replication-associated mutagenesis. Here we examine how yeast cells require the Shu complex for coping with MMS-induced lesions during DNA replication. We find that Csm2, a subunit of the Shu complex, binds to autonomous-replicating sequences (ARS) in yeast. Further evolutionary studies reveal that the yeast and human Shu complexes have co-evolved with specific replication-initiation factors. The connection between the Shu complex and replication is underlined by the finding that the Shu complex interacts with the ORC and MCM complexes. For example, the Shu complex interacts, independent of other HR proteins, with the replication initiation complexes through the N-terminus of Psy3. Lastly, we show interactions between the Shu complex and the replication initiation complexes are essential for resistance to DNA damage, to prevent mutations and aberrant recombination events. In our model, the Shu complex interacts with the replication machinery to enable error-free bypass of DNA damage.
Advanced multiplexed electrochemical nanobiosensors for simultaneous detection of BK polyomavirus miRNAs in renal transplants
Authors: Shenagari Mohammad , Ebrahimi Ammar , Bozorgzadeh Elahe , Khosravi Masoud , Hasan-Alizadeh Elham
Published: January 2025

Simultaneous electrochemical early detection of miRNAs for kidney transplant graft nephropathy.
A starch–polyvinyl alcohol polymer film-based on-site sensor for ammonia: a cost effective day-to-day technique for monitoring fish and meat spoilage
Authors: Kakoti Arobinda , Das Alok Kumar , Saikia Prasanta Kumar , Khakhlary Prithiviraj
Published: January 2025

Ammonia or biogenic amines released by protein degradation during food spoilage have various ill effects to human health and the environment.
Quantitative analysis of carbohydrate residues in dextran 40 from various sources: a comparative study using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a charged aerosol detector
Authors: Xie Shenggu , Jin Zhuyu , Huang Yan , Huang Qiaoqiao
Published: January 2025

Separation and quantification of trace carbohydrate residues in dextran 40 prepared by fermentation using the HILIC-CAD system. Evaluation different purification processes based on the results.
Preparation and characterization of tildipirosin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of intracellular Staphylococcus aureus infections
Authors: Lei Zhixin , Cai Xiaoli , Wan Juan , Li Ze , Sun Taolei
Published: January 2025

The characterization and drug release of SLN-TD.
Glycosylated and rhodamine-conjugated tetraphenylethylene: a type I and II reactive oxygen species generator for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhang Jia-wei , Feng Gai-li , Niu Xin , Liu Yi-chen , Zhou Wei , Ma Qing-yu , Liu Guang-jian , Zhang Yuan , Xing Guo-wen
Published: January 2025

A newly synthesized multifunctional glycosylated and rhodamine-conjugated tetraphenylethylene (Lac-TR) achieved fluorescence self-reporting during photodynamic therapy and induced pyroptosis under both normoxia and hypoxia to kill HepG2 cells.
Fe, Co, and Ni co-doped nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Huang Haitao , Chen Zhijie , Li Haijin , Li Yongtao , Deng Xiaolong
Published: January 2025

The creation of efficient non-precious metals is crucial for advancing electrochemical systems used in energy conversion and storage technologies.
Facile preparation, mechanochromic luminescence and excitation wavelength-dependent emission of tetra(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethene Zn(ii) complexes and their applications
Authors: Liu Su-Jia , Shi Yong-Sheng , Wang Rui-Ying , Xiao Tong , Xia Zhong-Gang , Wang Rui , Zheng Xiang-Jun
Published: January 2025

Two multi-stimuli responsive tetra(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethene Zn(ii) complexes with CC were constructed via one-pot facile synthesis through C–C coupling without removing oxygen.
Characterization of the binding process between gallic acid and trivalent chromium in tannery wastewater: a spectroscopic perspective
Authors: Mu Situ , Yang Qi , Yan Chenxu , Xu Tong , Zhang Jing , Ma Junjun , Liu Chun
Published: January 2025

UV and FTIR spectroscopy combined with 2DCOS reveal that the binding sequence of GA with Cr3+ is meta-hydroxyl groups → carboxyl groups → para-hydroxyl groups.
Biologically synthesized Fe0-based nanoparticles and their application trends as catalysts in the treatment of chlorinated organic compounds: a review
Authors: Nguyen Hong Son , Nguyen Van Hoang , Nguyen Thanh Binh , Luong Trung Thien , Vu Ngoc Toan
Published: January 2025

Schematic representation for plant-mediated biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles.
Expansion Microscopy Revealed Specific Impacts of Nano Zinc Oxide on Early Organ Development in Fish
Authors: WANG Mengyu , Wang Wen-Xiong
Published: January 2025

Nanomaterials exhibit significant advantages in biomedical applications. However, their potential risks to organisms cannot be overlooked, particularly during early development. Traditional methods for assessing organ-specific toxicity are limited by their...
Highly efficient catalytic hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene: the synergistic effect and hybrid nano-structure
Authors: Zhang Yanji , Zhou Jicheng
Published: January 2025

These hybrid nano-structure catalysts displayed superior catalytic performance for the selective hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene, opening a new way to design supported catalysts.
Plasmonic heating by indium tin oxide nanoparticles: spectrally enabling decoupled near-infrared theranostics
Authors: Caetano-Zeballos Nicol , Aldaz-Caballero Leyre , Giráldez-Martínez Jesús , Besteiro Lucas V. , Quintanilla Marta , Marin Riccardo , Benayas Antonio
Published: January 2025

Indium tin oxide nanoparticles are effective near-infrared photothermal agents. Their spectral properties make them ideal moieties to build up optically decoupled theranostic systems together with state-of-the-art luminescent nanoparticles.
Aromatic ring compounds with different conjugation degrees in a boronic acid matrix to realize multicolor phosphorescence for time division colorful multiplexing
Authors: Yao Qing , Wang Zeyu , Gaponenko Nikolai V. , Shi Jindou , Da Zheyuan , Zhang Chen , Wang Junnan , Wan Wangchao , Wang Minqiang
Published: January 2025

Schematic illustration of the synthesis of 2-Ph@BA, 9-Ph@BA and 1-Py@BA, and the actual pictures of RTP CDs after the UV light excitation is turned off.
Recent advances in electrochemical 1,2-difunctionalization of alkenes: mechanisms and perspectives
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Liu Ting , Chen Xue-Qiu , Jin Huile , Lv Jing-Jing , Wang Shun , Yu Xiaochun , Yang Chuntian , Wang Zheng-Jun
Published: January 2025

This review comprehensively covers recent advancements in electro-organic synthesis for alkene 1,2-difunctionalization, emphasizing various reaction mechanisms, current challenges and possible solutions.
Perovskite-inspired low-dimensional hybrid azetidinium bismuth halides: [(CH2)3NH2]3Bi2X9 (X = I, Br, Cl)
Authors: Jin Young Un , Marler Bernd , Salak Andrei N. , Escobar-Castillo Marianela , Benson Niels , Lupascu Doru C.
Published: January 2025

Three new azetidinium bismuth halides were synthesized as next-generation light-absorbers.
In vitro and in silico hybrid approach to unveil triterpenoids from Helicteres hirsuta leaves as potential compounds for inhibiting Nrf2
Authors: Nguyen Minh Hien , Le Nguyen Thien Han , Nguyen Bui Quoc Huy , Nguyen Mai Thanh Thi , Do Truong Nhat Van , Le Tho Huu , Nguyen Vu Thanh , Yen Chia-Hung
Published: January 2025

3β-O-trans-caffeoylbetulinic acid from Helicteres hirsuta inhibited Nrf2 in Huh7 with IC50 of 74.5 μg mL−1. Docking and dynamics simulations showed strong binding affinity of this compound and PI3Kα, an upstream modulator of Nrf2 in cancer cells.