bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domestic Hygiene Practices and Factors that Risks for Childhood Diarrhoea Among Under Five Children in Isolated Chars of Gaibandha, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Belal , Akther Lutfa , Awwal AAM Anisul
Published: October 2019

Background: Worldwide diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death in under-five years children. In Bangladesh diarrhoea kills half million under-five children every year second to pneumonia. The study was aimed to assess the domestic hygiene practices and find the factors that risked for diarrheal disease in under-five children among the families that resides in isolated chars of Gaibandha district.

Method: A community based cross-sectional study design was employed in 2011 at three unions of Gaibandha district. Random sampling technique was employed to select 322 households that had at least one under-five children. Data was collected using pretested structured questionnaire.

Result: A total of 322 children were enrolled. The overall diarrhoea prevalence was 20.8%. About 71% (n=255) of households collected drinking water from improved water sources and only 10.8% (n=17) had been using river water for their cooking. We found a lower prevalence of diarrhoea in children whose mother had a higher education level. More than 60% mothers didn't wash their hands before feeding their children. A good scenario has been observed that babies were breastfed for sufficient time period. Apart from diarrhoea, Otitis media and skin diseases were significantly found in chars babies. About 20% of the babies were found not immunized and 43.2% found immunized and over 40% partially immunized. Half of the families were found deprived from primary health care facilities and there were found only one satellite clinic in the study sites.

Conclusion: The level of diarrheal disease variation was varied due to maternal education, socio-economic status, personal hygiene, waste disposal system and public awareness. Thus enhancing community based behavioural change communication that emphasize on personal hygiene and sanitation should be strengthening to reduce childhood diarrhoea.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 5-10
A Prospective Observational Study on Treatment Evaluation in Patients Newly Diagnosed with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck in Bangladesh
Authors: Hai MA , Haque Ehteshamul , Reza Salim , Uddin Mokhles , Pervin Kumkum
Published: October 2019

Background: Most head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCHN) that contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is mostly diagnosed at locally advanced stage. Because treatment of head and neck cancers is complex and involves multiple modalities of surgery, radiotherapy and systemic therapy including chemotherapy and molecularly targeted agents; a multidisciplinary approach is needed. The study evaluated the current treatment approaches for patients newly diagnosed with SCCHN in Bangladesh.

Methods: This prospective, observational and non-comparative, study enrolled eligible males and females of 18 years newly diagnosed with SCCHN at any stage of disease. No therapeutic intervention was implied rather selection of treatment strategy and dosage of therapy was on discretion of individual oncologist as per routine clinical practice.

Results: A total of 64 patients with median age of 55 years were enrolled between August 2008 and July 2011. The majority of patients (42, 65.6%) were males. The major risk factors were betel leaf chewing along with jorda (smokeless tobacco) (62.5%) and cigarette smoking (32.8%), though most of the patients had multiple risk factors. No patient was diagnosed at early stage; all were in locally advanced disease at stage III (52, 81.3%) and IV (12, 18.8%). The oncologists prescribed neoadjuvant chemotherapy in half (32) of the patients, 19 (29.7%) patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 13 (20.3%) received palliative chemotherapy. Only 3 (4.6%) of the patients received radiotherapy. Chemotherapy combination regimen included docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin was added to 2 patients. The dosage of chemotherapeutic agents was as per routine clinical practice of the oncologists. Neutropenia was the common hematological abnormality reported spontaneously in 16 (25%) patients. No serious adverse event was reported leading the patients to withdraw from therapy. During continuation of therapy 1 patient died due to sudden cardiac arrest who had medical history of previous myocardial infarction.

Conclusion: This registry revealed that squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck region are mostly presented in advanced stage in Bangladesh and the majority of the patients are treated with combination chemotherapeutic regimens.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 17-22
Unmet Need of Family Planning Among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Areas of Manikganj District
Authors: Uddin Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh , Jewel Mehedi Hasan
Published: October 2019

Aims: Introduction: Bangladesh has impressive gains in indicators related to population and family planning. Therefore, the unmet need for family planning should be addressed with utmost importance.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted at four villages of Saturia Upazilla of Manikganj district to find out unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age including the status of contraceptive use and obstacles toward using family planning methods. The duration of study was from November 2017 to March 2018. The sample size was 480 in number.

Results: In the study, 87.5% respondents were Muslims. Regarding level of education 18.75% of the respondents was illiterate, 22.19% of the respondents completed their primary education and 31.35% passed the secondary school certificate Examination. Most of the respondents (92.92%) were housewives. Out of 480 families, 51% belongs to nuclear family. 23.13% of the respondents had income below 10,000 Tk. and about 27.50% had an income more than 20,000 Tk. Among 480 respondents, 42.06% had 2 living children and about 33.78% had a single child. 89.17% of the respondents knew about contraceptive method. OCP was the most preferred method among 57.62% respondents. 61% respondents were using contraceptive method. The reason for not using any contraceptive method were fear of side effects (28.03%), eager to conceive (13.63%), and non-co-operative attitude of the husband (7.58%). In this study 58.13% respondents had the knowledge about permanent method of contraception.

Conclusion: Family planning is more of a health necessity than an option. Though family planning program has remarkable success over the past decade, but still there is unmet need.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 23-27
A Study on Sutureless and Glue-free Conjunctival Autograft in Pterygium Surgery in A Tertiary Medical College Hospital
Authors: Khan Md Anwar Hossain , Biswas AHM Zahirul Islam , Hossain Md Mosharrof
Published: October 2019

Background: Foreign material used in ocular surface surgery may lead to local complications such as discomfort, scarring, or infection. Plasma-derived products such as fibrin glue may produce hypersensivity reactions whereas the risk of viral transmission remains. We describe a simple method of achieving conjunctival autograft adherence during pterygium surgery avoiding potential complications associated with the use of fibrin glue or sutures.

Materials & Methods: This study was conducted at Jahurul Islam Medical college Hospital, Bajitpur, Kishoregonj from August 2016 to April 2018. Fifty cases with unilateral primary pterygium were selected for the study. The operation was done under local anaesthesia. After pterygium excision and fashioning of the autologus conjunctival graft, the recipient bed is allowed to achieve natural haemostasis and relative dessication before graft placement. Excessive haemorrhage in the graft bed is temponaded. Graft adherence and positioning is examined after surgery.

Results: A total of 50 eyes of 50 patients mean age at the time of surgery was 40.5±10.3 years ranged from 17 to 70 years, with a female to male ratio was 1:1.94, underwent sutureless glue-free autologus conjuntival graft after pterygium excision. Mean graft area was 24(1.5) mm2. The patients were followed up for 4 months. Cosmesis was excellent in all cases and there were no intra- or post-operative complications requiring further treatment.

Conclusion: This simple technique for pterygium surgery may prevent potential adverse reactions encountered with the use of foreign materials and this small series provided safe and comparable results to current methods.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 28-31
Microbiological Study of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Mohammuddunnobi - , Jahan Tasnuva , Amin Abdullah Al
Published: October 2019

Background: Diabetic foot is one of the most feared complications of diabetes and is the leading cause of hospitalization in diabetic patients. Limb-threatening diabetic infections are usually polymicrobial involving multiple aerobic and anaerobic organisms.

Methodology: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in the department of surgery and microbiology at BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, over a period of 9 months during January 2017- September' 2017. The study included a total of 77 adult patients of clinically diagnosed diabetic foot patients presenting to outpatient department and emergency ward. The standard case definition of diabetic foot is 'any pathology occurring in the foot of a patient suffering from diabetes mellitus or as a result of long term complication of diabetes mellitus'.

Results: Majority 17(22.1%) patients had Klebsiella pneumonia, 14(18.2%) had Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 11(14.3%) had Staphylococcus aureus, 10(13.0%) had Escherichia coli, 6(7.8%) had Coagulase-negative staphylococci and 8(10.4%) had Providencia spp. In Escherichia coli 100% sensitivity to imipenem, 70% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam. In Coagulasenegative Staphylococci 83.3% sensitivity to tetracycline, 66.7% to ceftriaxone. In Proteus mirabilis 100% sensitivity to tetracycline, amikacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam. In Enterococcus spp.75.0% sensitivity to tetracycline. In Citrobacter spp. 100% sensitivity to imipenem.

Conclusion: Common organism found in diabetic foot ulcer patients were Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Providencia spp. In tetracycline, amikacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam was 100% sensitive in Proteus mirabilis and only imipenem found in Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 50-55
Early Outcome of Lichtenstein Technique for Inguinal Hernia Repair in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kabir ASM Anwarul , Sharmin Mahbuba , Akhter Khaleda , Akhter Farjana , Haq Md Rashidul , Hasan Muhammad Mehedi , Ahmed Imtiaz
Published: October 2019

Background: Inguinal hernia repair are very common in day to day general surgical practice. Results of surgical repair are often satisfactory but recurrences following surgery is troublesome both for surgeon and patient. Lichtenstein technique is now the most widely performed technique in groin hernia repair. The aim of this study was to assess short term outcome of inguinal hernia repair by Lichtenstein technique.

Methods and materials: In this prospective study, 30 inguinal hernia repairs were performed by Lichtenstein technique between January 2015 and December 2017 in surgery department of Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital. Patients were scheduled for follow up visits at 1st week, three months and six months in out- patient department. The main outcome measure was early recurrence, groin pain and other complications.

Results: In this study age of the patients ranged from 30 years to 78 years, The mean age was 51.93 (±SD 10.12) years. Regarding personal habit, more than half of the patients of inguinal hernia were found to be non-smoker and about 37% of the patients were current smokers. Most of the hernia were of indirect type (18/30) followed by direct type (9/30). In indirect type 55.6% of the hernias were in the right side and the rest were in left side. On an average each operation lasted for 1.18 hours and oral feeding started 12.69 hours after the operation. Two patients (6.7%) had a prolonged recovery and presented with abdominal distention after operation. Postoperative hospital stay that was 2.27 days. 6 (20%) patients developed postoperative urinary retention. Scrotal haematoma formation was observed in 5(17%) cases and local haematoma or seroma formation in incision site was reported in 4 (13%) cases. In 6 patients (20%) we used suction drain tube at tissue plane where mesh was placed for draining of blood or seroma and that drain tube was removed 2nd or 3rd postoperative period. Periincisional skin echymosis, abdominal distension and superficial wound infection, postoperative pyrexia were the other complications reported. No recurrence or mesh rejection or mesh infection were observed within short time postoperative follow up period.

Conclusion: Lichtenstein technique is easy to learn, simple to perform and very rationale to perform and recurrence rate is low. Multi-centre studies with larger sample and longer duration of study and more sound study design could bring more insight regarding this issue.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 62-69
Aetiology, Clinical Profiles, Laboratory Profile, Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Pediatric Acute Liver Failure: Experience at a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Yasmin Afsana , Karim ASM Bazlul , Rukunuzzaman Md , Hossen Kamal , Nahar Luthfun , Sonia Zannatul Ferdous
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Acute liver failure is one of the common causes of death in pediatric gastroenterology and hepatology department. Outcome is different according to aetiology.

Objective: To observe the aetiology, outcome and prognostic factors of pediatric acute liver failure.

Methods: Consecutive 62 children aged 2 to 16 years of age who were diagnosed as acute liver failure from November 2015 to April 2018 were included in this study. All the clinical profiles, laboratory data and outcome were recorded in a preformed data sheet. Data were analysed by SPSS for Windows version 20.

Results: Mean age was 8.5 years. Thirty-nine (62.9%) patients were between 5-10 years of age. Male were 53%. We made a diagnosis of 39 (63%) patients as Wilson disease alone, Another 3 Wilson disease acute liver failure patients had concomitent with either HAV, HEV or HSV in each one. HAV only was responsible for 17 patients and HEV for 1. One patient was Haemophagocyic lymphohistiocytosis and aetiology could not be identified in 1 patient. The overall death in study population was 48% (30). Twenty-four (57%) of 42 acute liver failure patients due to Wilson disease had died. Five (29%) of 17 patients due to HAV infection and 1 patient with HLH died. Ascites, high total bilirubin, high INR and etiology like Wilson disease were the worse pronostic factors for outcome of acute liver failure in children.

Conclusion: Wilson disease was the most common aetiology of acute liver failure in children in this study. Early diagnosis is essential as outcome was worse. Majority of viral etiology improved with supportive care.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 56-61
Issues on Vector Related Diseases Transmission: People's Perception & Practices
Authors: Rahman Md Mahfuzar , Rahman Md Atiqur , Jnui Rizona , Kawser Abu , Shahin Khalid Omar
Published: October 2019

Background: The vector borne diseases pose an immense public health concern and also a growing urban and rural problem. The aim of this study was to findout the perception and practices among the rural households regarding vector related diseases in some selected villages of Dhamrai Upazila.

Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 1380 respondents by purposive sampling technique during the period from 6th to 8th January, 2018 in different villages of Dhamrai Upazila, Dhaka..

Results: Then study revealed that majority of the respondents 89% were Muslims by religion and about 65% respondents were found within the age 25-55 years. (mean age 37.81±14.72 years). Out of 1380 respondents, majority 87% & 86% mentioned Mosquitos and Houseflies as vectors transmitting the diseases followed by 48% Itch mite, 45% Louse and 27% Sandflies. About 85% & 88% mentioned Malaria & Dengue fever transmitted by vectors followed by 58% Chikungunya, 42% Kala azar, 13% Filariasis and 44% Typhoid fever. However, 71%, 83%, 59% & 3% respondents mentioned Mosquito bite as the mode of transmission of Malaria, Chikungunya and Filariasis respectively. About 88%, 75%, 44% and 39% respondents mentioned Personal protection, Avoidance of water collection, Fogging and Insecticidal spraying as the vector control measures. Nevertheless, 92%, 81% and 30% respondents are found practiced Mosquito net, Mosquito coil and Screening of windows as their usual vector control measures.

Conclusion: In this study community awareness in terms of perceptions, knowledge and practices regarding vector borne diseases are found deficient. There should be intensified efforts in promoting personal protective measures through creating public awareness towards prevention of vector borne diseases in the locality.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 32-37
Effectiveness of Ranolazine to Prevent Myocardial Injury During Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Iqbal SM Mamun , Ahsan Syed Ali , Jahan Kasekh Akhtar , Eva Sohely Nazneen
Published: October 2019

Background: Ranolazine is a novel antianginal drug that reduces intracellular accumulation of calcium ion in ischemic myocardium. A pilot randomized study (n=70) has shown that pretreatment with ranolazine 1000mg twice daily for 7days significantly reduced periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) in elective Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Our objective was to detect whether similar effect could be obtained by ranolazine pretreatment through an interventional study.

Materials & Methods: 110 patients with chronic stable angina scheduled for elective PCI were enrolled in an interventional study. For 7 days before the procedure, 55 patients were allocated to receive ranolazine 1000 mg twice daily (ranolazine group) and 55 patients didn't receive ranolazine (control group). Serum creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and Troponin I levels were measured at baseline and 24 hours post procedure.

Results: Periprocedural myocardial injury [i.e. an elevation of serum biomarkers (preferably cardiac troponins) above the 99th percentile of upper reference limit (URL)] was detected less commonly after PCI in ranolazine than in control group (11% vs. 27%, p=0.0001). Also, PCI-related myocardial infarction [i.e., post procedural increase in CK-MB>3 times above the URL] tended to be lower in the ranolazine versus placebo group: 1.8% versus 5.45%, P=0.0002. 24 hours post procedural levels of cardiac markers were also significantly lower in the ranolazine versus control group (CK-MB: 2.42±2.05 versus 7.02±9 ng/ml, P=0.001; Troponin 1: 0.447±0.74 versus 1.18±1.6 ng/ml, P=0.004). No significant adverse effect of the drug was reported.

Conclusion: So, we have concluded that ranolazine was effective in significantly reducing the periprocedural myocardial injury in elective PCI.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 43-49
What is New in New Generation Calcium Channel Blocker
Authors: Siddiqui Md Mahmudur Rahman , Mosharraf Sumaiya Sultana Binte , Giasuddin Rubayet Sheikh , Islam Nadia , Mirza Sohail
Published: October 2019

Hypertension is a multifactorial and multisystem disease in which elevated blood pressure is only one sign of multiple underlying physiological abnormalities. It affects approximately 26% of the population worldwide. Hypertension is one of the leading cause of death as a "silent killer". Several classes of antihypertensive agents have been in clinical use, but CCBs exert most potent antihypertensive action and are widely used as a first line antihypertensive drug in elderly with very few contraindication.Four generations of dihydropyridines CCBs are now available.The fourth-generation highly lipophilic dihydropyridines, lercanidipine, cilnidipine and lacidipine are now available which provide a real degree of therapeutic comfort in terms of stable activity, a reduction in adverse effects and a broad therapeutic spectrum. Cilnidipine is a recently developed CCB, and possesses both L- and N-type calcium channel blocking activity.Cilnidipine causing less reflex tachycardia, less pedal edema, better control of proteinuria, suppressing podocyte damage, increasing insulin sensitivity.This article reviews the current understanding of the pharmacological profile and clinical utility of cilnidipine as a unique antihypertensive drug.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 77-83
Systemic Onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA) or Still's Disease: A Diagnostic Challenge; while Presented as Fever of Unknown Origin. 2 Cases
Authors: Tajkia Gule , Amin Syed Khairul , Rima Shamim , Halder Soma , Hannan Fabia
Published: October 2019

Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) or Still's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology belongs to the group of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. In contrast to other JIA patients in whom the joint disease usually overshadows the more general symptomatology, in Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) extra-articular features such as spiking fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, rash, pleurisy, or pericarditis, and vasculopathy are most prominent. Thus the onset of disease can be vary nonspecific and may suggest bacterial or viral infection, malignancy or other rheumatic disease. As it is highly characterized by its extra-articular systemic illness features, in some ways, it resembles a fever of unknown origin. We present 2 cases of fever of unknown origin, initially presented with fever and other extra-articular features, without any arthritis, but after several months develops arthritis and finally diagnosed as Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) or Still's disease .

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 84-88
Sarcoidosis - A Case Report
Authors: Islam Md Safiqul , Siddiqui Md Mahmudur Rahman
Published: October 2019

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, commonly affecting the lungs, skin and eyes. Although lungs and lymph nodes are involved in more than 90% of patients, virtually any organ can be involved. We describe a 36 years old lady presented with fever, skin rashes, cough, polyarthralgia, bodyache, wt. loss for 3 months. Examination revealed Fever, Erythema Nodosum, Cervical Lymphadenopathy. Investigations revealed high ESR (80 mm in 1st hour), high CRP, Hilar Lymphadenopathy on Chest X ray, Non-caseous Granuloma, Giant cell and Asteroid body on Lymph node Biopsy. All of her history, clinical examinations and Investigations are suggestive of Sarcoidosis. With symptomatic treatment and watchful observation, now she is completely symptoms free and leaving a healthy life.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 92-95
Acardiac Acephalus Twin Pregnancy
Authors: Rima Shamim , Tajkia Gule , Siddika Sharmin , Aziz Md Tarik , Amin Rumana , Abedin M Afsar
Published: October 2019

Occurrence of acardiac twin is due to twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP) occurring early in embryogenesis. There is vascular communication between the twins in monozygotic twins. The vascular communication in acardiac twin is different, in that, the acardiac twin receives blood supply from other twin pump through umbilical artery. The blood in the umbilical artery is mostly deoxygenated. Hence it leads to secondary organ atrophy. Upper body does not develop at all, hence missing heart and head. All the blood supply to the acardiac twin is derived from the pump twin. The acardiac twin develops only lower part of the body or just a mass of tissue. Hence, the mortality for acardiac twin is 100%.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 89-91
Dengue Typhoid Co-infection: a New Threat
Authors: Siddiqui Md Mahmudur Rahman , Islam Quazi Tarikul , Islam Mohammad Shahidul
Published: October 2019

Acute febrile illness is the most common clinical presentation among patients attending to doctor in developing countries. In Bangladesh, dengue and typhoid fever have emerged as major public health problems. Co-infection with both these diseases is rarely reported and are known to present with overlapping symptoms making the clinical diagnosis difficult. The exact incidence of dengue and typhoid co-infection is not known. Here we report a case of co-infection of dengue fever with typhoid fever.

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 96-97
From the Desk of Editor in Chief Vol.10(1)
Authors: Rahman Md Tahminur
Published: October 2019

Abstract not available

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 98-99
Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid for Cervical Cancer Screening: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Zeba Dilruba
Published: October 2019

Abstract not available
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 56-57
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST): Experience on 20 Patients
Authors: Biswas Swapan Kumar , Ahmad Molla Sharfuddin , Rahman ASM Tanjilur
Published: October 2019

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs) are a rare group of mesenchymal tumour arising in gastrointestinal tract. The clinicopathological features are variable and surgical resection with chemotherapy is the main modality of treatment. We retrospectively analyzed 20 different types of GIST patients over a period of 9 years to understand clinical presentation, pathological features, treatment and survival. The tumour was most commonly seen in the patients (75%) of age range of 30-60 years. Twelve (60%) were male and 8 (40%) were female patient. Forty percent of the tumours were located in the stomach followed by small intestine (35%) and omentum (20%). Abdominal mass (70%), abdominal pain (45%) and GIT bleeding were the common clinical presentation. The size of the tumours ranged from 3 to 22 cm. All patients of our series underwent surgical excision of tumour. NIH risk categorization showed 15 (75%) patients belong to low risk category, 2(10%) patients were of intermediate risk group and 3 (15%) were of high risk group. Out of 20 cases CD117 positivity was seen in 17 (85%) cases offered adjuvant Imatinib mesylate. No patient in our series offered neo adjuvant chemotherapy. Postoperative follow up was done 6 monthly. GIST's are most common non epithelial tumour of the GIT. It is common in 4th and 5th decades. Abdominal mass and abdominal bleeding are the most common clinical presentation. Stomach is the most common site. Surgical resection is the best modality of treatment. Imatinib mesylate is used for adjuvant therapy. Regular follow up helps in diagnosing disease recurrence.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 66-69
ECG Changes in Patients of Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) Receiving Sodium Stibogluconate Therapy
Authors: Siddique Mohammad Abu Bakar , Hossain Mohammad Iqbal
Published: October 2019

Kala-Azar is a devastating parasitic disease caused by Leishmania donovani, increasing in our country and turning into serious public health problem in Bangladesh due to multiple problems. The standard drug for treatment of Kala- Azar is still Sodium Stibogluconate (SAG) in our country due to high cost of liposomal Amphotericin B. The aim of this study is to see the cardiac complication and electrographic alterations during SAG therapy in standard dose. One hundred and twenty five patients (62.4% male and 37.6% female) were included in this study. All had normal ECG prior to therapy. Various electrographic alterations were noted in 31 (24.8%) of the cases after starting antimony therapy. Most common changes seen in our study were T wave inversion (24.4%), reduced amplitude of T wave (7.3%) and ventricular ectopic (8%). These changes were observed during 2nd to 3rd weeks of therapy and disappeared within two weeks of stoppage of further antimony therapy. Alteration in ECG might be the prior evidence of cardiotoxicity and might explain sudden deaths encountered during antimony in Kala-Azar. Close clinical observations and ECG monitoring of the patients receiving antimony therapy for Kala-Azar is essential for early detection of cardiotoxicity and thereby to prevent further complications including sudden death
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 70-73
Letrozole or Clomiphene Citrate for Induction of Ovulation in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Zeba Dilruba , Biswas Rajib , Fatema Kaneez , Khair Md Abul , Zesmin Fahmida , Sharifa Jesmin
Published: October 2019

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder responsible for subfertility in young women. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of Letrozole over Clomiphene citrate (CC) for ovulation induction in patients with PCOS. It was a prospective randomized trial in a private practice setting. The study period was 3 years, which includes 240 sub fertile patients with PCOS. Patients were divided into two groups. Group-A: 120 patients got Letrozole (2.5 mg) tab, 2 tabs once daily from D2-D6 for 3 cycles. Group-B: 120 patients took tab. Clomiphene citrate (50mg), 2 tabs once daily from D2-D6 for 3 cycles. Trans-vaginal ultrasound was done on D12-D13 to document number of follicles, measurement of dominant follicle and endometrial thickness. Ovulation and pregnancy rate was measured. Results showed that Letrozole have significantly better effect on endometrial thickness (Let 9.2 mm vs CC 8.1mm) and pregnancy rate (Let 44% vs CC 24%). In CC, multiple follicles were found (CC 44% vs Let 30%). Ovulation occurred in 65% with Letrozole group and 64% in CC group without a significant statistical difference. The study concluded that Letrozole have better effect for induction of ovulation in PCOS patient in comparison to CC.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 78-81
Efficacy and Safety of Valacyclovir overAcyclovir-A Study of 50 Herpes Zoster Patients in FMCH, Faridpur
Authors: Mostofa Md Kamal , Sen Krishna Gopal , Sarkar Sumitendra Kumar , Khan Md Mesbah Uddin , Begum Kohinoor , Ahmed Kamal , Miah Md A Wadud , Salma Umme , Islam Md Shafiqul
Published: October 2019

Acyclovir has well-documented efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of herpes zoster. Its limited oral bioavailability and short half-life, however, necessitates frequent dosing. Valacyclovir, the l-valyl ester of acyclovir, could be rapidly converted to acyclovir after oral administration, resulting in a three to five fold increase in acyclovir bioavailability compared with oral acyclovir in humans. The study was done in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faridpur Medical College Hospital (FMCH), Faridpur, Bangladesh from July 2015 to December 2016 to compare the safety and efficacy of valacyclovir with acyclovir in the treatment of herpes zoster. Relevant data was taken from 50 patients presenting with herpes zoster within 72 hours after the onset of rash and were randomized into two groups of 25 each to receive one of the following treatments: valacyclovir 1000 mg three times daily for 7 days or acyclovir 800 mg five times daily for 7 days for each group. Patients were followed up on day 7, 14, 22 and 29 to assess the rate of resolution of pain, cessation of abnormal sensations, rate of rash healing, new lesion formation and occurrence of complications or adverse effects. The intent-to-treat analysis showed that valacyclovir significantly accelerated the resolution of zoster-associated pain compared with acyclovir; on day 29, the valacyclovir group was 44% superior to the acyclovir group. The rate of cessation of abnormal sensations, rash healing and complications or adverse effects was similar with both the treatments. There were no clinically significant differences in the nature, frequency or severity of adverse events between the two treatment groups. Thus, we conclude that in the management of herpes zoster, valacyclovir accelerates the resolution of pain and offers a simpler dosing, and maintains the favorable safety profile of acyclovir.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 74-77
Case Report of Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease with Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern and Good Response to Treatment
Authors: Biswas Muhammad Asaduzzaman , Islam Muhammad Nazrul , Walid Khalifa Mahmud , Rassel Zhilam Zia
Published: October 2019

The diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions affecting the pulmonary parenchyma (interstitial) and/or alveolar lumen. IPF (Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis) is a chronic interstitial pneumonia of unknown causes. It is commonest form of DPLD but its treatment response is very poor. On the other hand, NSIP (Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia) can still be a variant of DPLD with better treatment response and prognosis. Here we discussed a young female with NSIP with good response to steroid.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 101-103
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: a Life Threatening Obstetric Emergency
Authors: Zeba Dilruba , Biswas Mrinmoy , Biswas Rajib
Published: October 2019

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare, life-threatening heart disease of unclear origin and is characterized by heart failure of sudden onset between the final weeks of pregnancy and 5 months after delivery. Incidence varies over geography and ethnicity. Risk factors include advanced maternal age, multiparity, preeclampsia, multiple pregnancy, anaemia, and so many other causes. PPCM is often not diagnosed until late in its course, because of its clinical manifestations are highly variable and a heart disease may not be suspected at first. Frequent presenting symptoms of PPCM, such as lassitude, shortness of breath on mild exertion and coughing are often initially misinterpreted as evidence of pneumonia or as physiological accompaniments of pregnancy and delivery. The clinical picture of PPCM corresponds to a dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with signs of severe heart failure. Medical management is similar to other causes of systolic heart failure, except for the ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are avoided in pregnancy. As there are lots of physiological changes during pregnancy and immediately after delivery, it is usually difficult to measure PPCM effectively. Complications include cardiac arrhythmia, thromboembolism, and refractory heart failure. Maternal deaths are not uncommon. Recently the role of abnormal prolactin metabolism and resulting myocardial toxicity have been explored and bromocriptine has shown promise as a potential treatment option.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 93-96
Role of Color Doppler and Three-dimensional Ultrasound in Infertility
Authors: Rahman Hafizur
Published: October 2019

Color Doppler is emerging as a valuable diagnostic imaging modality in the field of medicine, primarily infertility. Reproductive disorders, including infertility and spontaneous abortions/miscarriages, have emerged as major public health problem(s) worldwide. Color Doppler energy imaging is a high throughput technology based on the total integral of energy frequency spectrum. Color Doppler is a high-throughput, sophisticated imaging technique for the assessment of uterine anomalies, intrauterine pathology, tubal patency, polycystic ovaries, ovarian follicular monitoring, endometrial receptivity, failed or an ectopic pregnancy, male infertility and uterine, endometrial and ovarian vascularity. Assessments of the utero-ovarian pulsatility indices (PIs), resistance indices (RIs), and endometrial color signals are important determinants of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles and pregnancy rates. With many clinical/scientific research experience in the field of reproductive medicine, I strongly believe that an overall public health model needs to be designed in managing infertility patients; therefore, major issues such as cost effectiveness and technical artifacts should address so as to achieve an accurate clinical diagnosis, successful IVF outcome/pregnancy, and overall patient satisfaction in a clinical rehearse setting. Simple, safe efficient and affordable diagnostic modalities should be incorporated at infertility clinics coupled with well-designed patient counseling sessions and community-based public health awareness campaigns conducted so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with reproductive disorders. Three dimension (3-D) ultrasound is a new imaging modality which is being introduced into clinical practice. It has been proved that 3-D ultrasound is a very highly reproducible technique. With 3-D ultrasound, a volume of a region of interest can be acquired and stored. This volume can be further analyzed in several ways, such as navigation, multiplanar display and surface rendering or volume calculation. Power Doppler ultrasound, in combination with 3-D ultrasound, allows for a whole assessment of relevant vessels and quantitative assessment of vessel density and perfusion within a specified area.  Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 97-100
Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor (SLCT) of the Ovary - A Case Report
Authors: Begum Mst Moonmoon , Sultana Ferdousi
Published: October 2019

Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor (SLCT) is an extremely rare and distinctive sex cord-stromal tumor. Ovarian sex cordstromal tumors are infrequent tumors that differ from the more frequent epithelial neoplasm and have strong association with hormone-mediated syndromes, presentation in a wide age range, and the diagnosis is usually at early-stage disease with a good outcome. SLCT typically present with pelvic or abdominal pain and tenderness, mass, and or abnormal menstruation, and with hormonal activity reported predominantly after menarche. We report a case of 18-year-old unmarried female presented with severe pain and lump in the lower abdomen and also a case of primary amenorrhea with normal secondary sex characters. She was a suspected case of twisted ovarian tumor on USG and underwent laparotomy followed by total excision of the lump and histopathology report revealed Sertoli- Leydig Cell Tumor. Though it is a rare tumor, the possibility of Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor in a young woman should be kept in mind.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2018;13(2): 104-107
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Status Karies Gigi Pada Anak Sekolah Min 1 Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Syah Astannudin , Ruwanda Rizqi Aulia , Basid Abdul
Published: October 2019

Background of the study: At the age of 10 and over, 71,2% of children experience dental caries. The prevalence of active caries in Kota Banjarmasin is 65%. While in Puskesmas (Public health service) Kelayan Timur working area, 389 cases of dental caries found. Additionaly, the governement through Kemen-Kes RI (Indonesian Health Ministry) tergeting Indonesian society to be free from dental caries by 2030. Some factors influencing dental caries are dental health awareness and attitudes namely time and frequency of brushing teeth, cariogenic foods, and the method of brushing teeth.

Purpose of the study: this study is aimed to reveal the correlation between knowledge factors as well as dental health attitudes and dental caries status.

Methods: This is an anlytical study utilizing cross sectional. The sample of the study is students of MIN 1 Kota Banjarmasin in 2018 with the total of 53, taken by means of perposive sampling. Statistical testing used is chi-square with 95% of reliance degree.

Result of the study: The result shows that there are correlations between dental health knowledge p-value 0,004, time and frequency of brushing  teeth p-value 0,002, cariogenic foods p-value 0,018, as well as teeth brush method p-value 0,015 and dental caries occasion in MIN 1 Kota Banjarmasin.

Conclusion: The dental caries status is affected by dental health knowledge and attitudes.
Clinical Features in Metastatic Bone Disease with and without Pathological Fractures: A Comparative Study
Authors: Garry Putu , Edward Mouli , Setiawati Rosy , Mustokoweni Sjahjenny , Mahyudin Ferdiansyah
Published: October 2019

Background: Pathological fracture complications such as impaired clinical features is suspected to increase the mortality in MBD. In Indonesia, the habit of delayed seeking of medical treatment was common and potentially led to pathological fracture. Aim: This study compared the clinical features between MBD with and without pathological fracture. Methods: This was a retrospective study of MBD at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in 2011-2015. We compared the clinical features by pain in Visual Analog Scale (VAS); general health presentation represented by laboratory findings; and the history of non-medical treatments. Results: 64 patients had MBD were included in this study. 37 (57.8%) of them presented with pathological fractures, and 27 (42.2%) without. Pain was the most common chief complaint (76.5%). No significant difference found between the MBD with and without pathological fracture in all variables (p=0.122; p=0.64; p=0.823; p=0.417, p=1.000 for VAS, hemoglobin, albumin, calcium, and history of non-medical treatment respectively). This probably associated with the therapy and a variety of primary tumors underlying the MBD. However, 6 out of 10 patients with history non-medical treatment presented with fractures. Conclusion: There's no significant difference in clinical features of MBD from both groups, while those with fractures had worse conditions.

Keywords: Metastatic bone disease, Pathological fracture, Clinical features
Seismological and Engineering Demand Misfits for Evaluating Simulated Ground Motion Records
Authors: Karimzadeh Shaghayegh
Published: October 2019

Simulated ground motions have recently gained more attention in seismology and earthquake engineering. Since different characteristics of waveforms are expected to influence alternative structural response parameters, evaluation of simulations, for key components of seismological and engineering points of view is necessary. When seismological aspect is of concern, consideration of a representative set of ground motion parameters is imperative. Besides, to test the applicability of simulations in earthquake engineering, structural demand parameters should simultaneously cover a descriptive set. Herein, simulations are evaluated through comparison of seismological against engineering misfits, individually defined in terms of log-scale misfit and goodness-of-fit score. For numerical investigations, stochastically simulated records of three earthquakes are considered: The 1992 Erzincan-Turkey, 1999 Duzce-Turkey and 2009 L’Aquila-Italy events. For misfit evaluation, seismological parameters include amplitude, duration and frequency content, while engineering parameters contain spectral acceleration, velocity and seismic input energy. Overall, the same trend between both misfits is observed. All misfits for Erzincan and Duzce located on basins are larger than those corresponding to L’Aquila mostly placed on stiff sites. The engineering misfits, particularly in terms of input energy measures, are larger than seismological misfits. In summary, the proposed misfit evaluation methodology seems useful to evaluate simulations for engineering practice.
High Temperature Mechanical Response and Failure Analysis of 3D Five-Directional Braided Composites with Different Braiding Angles
Authors: Zuo Hong-mei , Li Dian-sen , Jiang Lei
Published: October 2019

Three-dimensional (3D) five-directional braided composites are extensively applied in aeronautics and national defense due to their integrity and structural superiorities. In this paper, 3D five-directional braided carbon/epoxy composites were manufactured, and the high temperature mechanical response and failure mechanisms of composites with braiding angles of 21° and 32° were studied. The out-of-plane compression tests of composites with different braiding angles were conducted at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 180 °C. Then compression stress–strain curves, compression mechanical response, and failure modes of composites at high temperatures were analyzed and compared. The results show that compression stress–strain curves linearly increased at the initial stage and dropped at various degrees at different temperatures for composites with different braiding angles. The temperature and braiding angle were both important parameters affecting out-of-plane compression properties of 3D five-directional braided composites. Mechanical properties decreased with increasing temperature for both 21° and 32° specimens. Moreover, composites with a small braiding angle possessed higher properties at each temperature point. The morphologies manifested that the failures were a symmetric ±45° shear crack for 21° specimens and a thorough 45° shear crack for 32° specimens, and a 45° fracture weakened with increasing temperature.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AUDITOR DAN MANAJEMEN LABA TERHADAP OPINI AUDIT
Authors: Sasongko Hendro , Ilmiyono Agung Fajar , Nelawati Heni
Published: October 2019

In this globalization era, there are some cases about company's finance data manipulation especially from major bank listed in the stock exchange that finally went bankrupt and cause public accountant got many critics. Audit opinions that given by auditor denote some important information for financial statement's user. Thus the purposes of this research are examining and analyzing the effect of auditor's quality and earning management to audit opinion on company's sub-sector bank and finance sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2015-2017. The sample used in this study amounted to 30 companies using logistic regression analysis techniques. The results showed that auditor quality was not significantly effect for audit opinion while earnings management had a significant effect on audit opinion.
SEKILAS TENTANG TAFSIR WAHBAH AL-ZUHAILY
Authors: Hambali Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Berbicara tentang penafsir al-Qur’an tidaklah akan terlepas dari membicarakan para mufassir ataupun penulis kitab-kitab tafsir terdahulu. Hal itu karena para mufassir masa kini merupakan penerus mufassir sebelumnya. Kalaulah ulama’ itu pewaris para Nabi dan salah satu tugas Nabi adalah menjelaskan maksud al-Qur’an maka wajarlah sejak awal ulama’ itu mengerahkan tenaga untuk melestarikan tafsir al-Qur’an demi kemaslahatan umat sebagai problem solving  hari ini maupun di masa yang akan datang.

Salah satu ulama’ masa kini yang turut mengerahkan tenaga dalam melestarikan tafsir  al-Qur’an adalah Wahbah bin Mushtafa al-Zuhaily. Ia telah berhasil membuahkan karya tafsir yang tidak mudah rasanya dicapai oleh kebanyakan orang. Cendikiawan asal Suriah itu telah meninggalkan kitab tafsir berjilid-jilid dengan uraian-uraian yang begitu padat. Tidak berlebihan kiranya kalau penulis katakan bahwa buah karya Wahbah bin Mushtafa al-Zuhaily merupakan “emas” yang sangat berharga dalam dunia ilmu al-Qur’an dan tafsir.

Artikel ini membahas Wahbah bin Mushtafa al-Zuhaily berikut kitab tafsirnya. Penulis berupaya mengenalkan kepada pembaca tentang metode Wahbah bin Mushtafa al-Zuhaily dalam menulis tafsirnya. Walaupun pembahasan dalam artikel ini tidaklah begitu detail dan mendalam, namun boleh jadi merupakan diskursus yang cukup segar dalam disiplin ilmu al-Qur’an dan Tafsir.