bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Adsorption Property of Wettability Reversal Surfactant
Authors: Sun Ling Hui , Liu Wei Dong , Sun Chun Liu
Published: May 2011

In order to understand the adsorption property of wettability reversal surfactant, the adsorption rule of the wettability reversal surfactant on hydrophilic surface and lipophilic surface was studied, and the adsorption behavior of the wettability reversal surfactant on hydrophilic surface and lipophilic surface was studied by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The results show that there is a saturated adsorption capacity of all the wettability reversal surfactants on sandstone surface, and the adsorption quantity on lipophilic surface is bigger than that on hydrophilic surface. The AFM study show that the wettability reversal surfactant tends to distribute where is close to the oil droplet. Consequently, the wettability reversal surfactant is favorable for using in lipophilic surface.
Thermodynamic Equilibrium Diagram of Oxygen-Chlorine-Titanium System
Authors: Guo Xiao Fei , Du Ai Ling
Published: May 2011

The chemical and electrochemical equilibrium of oxygen-chlorine-titanium system in the presence of gaseous phase were investigated. Many species, which consisted of oxygen, chlorine and titanium, were considered. Various thermodynamic equilibriums were calculated in the different pressures and temperatures. Calculation results were shown asE-Tdiagram. This diagram will be used as important tools for corrosion study and titanium production, and it is also used to thermodynamically determine the existence areas of various species and so on.
Enhancement of Crystalization and Photocatalysis of Bi2MoO6 Nanoplates by SDS Assisted Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Yin Hao Yong , Wang Ling , Sun Yong Fei , Shi De Jun , Wang Xiao Xi
Published: May 2011

The γ-Bi2MoO6nanoplates with uniform length and width about 100-200nm have been successfully fabricated by SDS assistant hydrothermal process. The γ-Bi2MoO6nanoplates were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the SDS plays an important role in controlling the crystallization and morphologies of Bi2MoO6. The γ-Bi2MoO6nanoplates show high efficient photocatalytic activities in decomposition of methyl orange.
Research Survey on Synthesis Methods of Silicon Nanowires
Authors: Zheng Hong Mei , Yuan Zhi Shan , Wang Yu Juan
Published: May 2011

Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are new one-dimensional material with unique properties, which have been widely used in field-effect devices, nano-sensors and other nano-electronic devices. In this paper, the new progress in research on the synthesis methods of SiNWs is summarized. The influencing factors and characteristics of each synthesis method are discussed. Finally, a new method is put forward which based on the advantages both on thermal evaporation and template method, and this method can synthesize SiNWs arrays with uniform diameter, high-order, high-purity and with high-yield. This method will be a new research orientation in the future.
Core-Shell Magnesium Hydroxide/Polymermer Nanoparticles Prepared by In Situ Emulsion Copolymerization
Authors: Xu Li Li , Liu Sheng Peng , Li Xuan
Published: May 2011

In this paper, vinylated magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanosheets were prepared with 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (γ-MPS) and pristine MH nanosheets, then the MH/polymer hybrid nanoparticles were prepared by in-situ emulsion copolymerization of vinylated MH nanosheets and styrene (St) monomer and styrene/butyl acrylate (St/BA) comonomer. The morphology, thermal stability and chemical structure of the final products were investigated in detail with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The TEM results showed that the core-shell structure of MH/Polymer nanoparticles with MH-cores and Polymer-shell was formed.
The Relationship between Structure and Properties of β-Phase Isotactic Polypropylene
Authors: Shi Yuan Hong , Dou Qiang
Published: May 2011

In this paper, β-phase isotactic polypropylene (β-iPP) was prepared with two different β nucleating agents (NT-A and NT-D). The melting and crystallization behavior, crystal morphology and mechanical properties of β-iPP were studied by means of DSC, WAXD, PLM and mechanical tests. It is found that the spherulites become smaller, and tensile strength, tensile strain at break and notched impact strength increase for the nucleated iPP. NT-D is more efficient than NT-A. The notched impact strength is three times greater than that of pure iPP for the samples nucleated by NT-D. The injection molded specimens have obvious skin-core structures.
Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Graft Copolymer with Poly(acrylic Acid) Backbone and N-Octylphenyl Poly(oxyethylene) Side Chains in Water
Authors: Wang Fang Ping , Du Xin Zhen , Mu Hu Po , Zhang Dong Xia , Ma Yun Jun
Published: May 2011

The self-assembly of the amphiphilic graft copolymer AA-C8PhEO10Ac in water was investigated by fluorescence technique using 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate(ANS) as a probe and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the effects of inorganic salt , copolymer concentration and pH on the micellar size and structures of AA-C8PhEO10Ac were discussed. It was found that the micelle morphologies and sizes were related with the micellar preparation methods. The sizes of micelles increased with the addition of NaCl and decreased at high pH values.
Determination of Tin and Nickel Content in Pyrophosphate Tin-Nickel Alloy Plating Bath
Authors: Geng Qiu Ju , Wei Xue
Published: May 2011

Tin and nickel ions are in stable complexing form in Pyrophosphate tin-nickel alloy plating bath, this paper uses back-titration of Zn2+ standard solution to determine total amount of tin and nickel ions, and spectrophotometry to determine content of nickel ions in the bath to study interference and elimination methods of co-existing components. The results show that: eliminate the interference of pyrophosphate by heating the solution to hydrolyse and mask Sn4+ and Fe3+ effectively with triethanolamine, the total measurement error is about 0.91%, standard deviation is 0.0141; The recovery of determination for nickel ion content is 99.13%, and standard deviation is 0.0180; The method i-s simple, fast and is able to meet the analytical requirements for controlling the plating quality.
Material Property Analysis and Technology of Washover Permanent Packer
Authors: Luo Fan , Yang Jin , Guo Shu Bin
Published: May 2011

In order to adapt the use of workover rig for offshore completion and workover operations, it generally uses two different drive mode of milling, downhole motor and surface turntable, in dealing with deep inclined well permanent packer issues. In this thesis, the material property of pipe strings is analyzed and the axial forces, torques and frictions and other mechanical calculation models of the pipe string are established under two kinds of drive modes. Through the results of analysis of pipe string force, it analyzes the material property of permanent packer, optimizes the parameters of downhole tools and operation methods in milling operation.
Study on New Bimetal Floating Seal of High Speed Roller Bit Bearing
Authors: Huang Zhi Qiang , Zhou Yi , Li Qin , Li Wei , Chen Zhen , Zhu Rong Gai
Published: May 2011

ANSYS software has been used for high speed rock bit bimetal floating seal finite element analysis, as a result, overlarge pressure of bearing seal, unreasonable pressure distribution and overlarge compression ratio of rubber ring, are main reasons for premature failure of the bearing seal. For this, the optimal design and analysis of bearing seal structure is carried out in this paper. The results showed that: the new structure of the bearing seal has effectively reduced the compression ratio of rubber ring, improved the sealing pressure distribution based on reliable sealing conditions and further reduced the sealing pressure peak. The design of dynamic metal ring flywheel lubrication groove and the application of static metal ring antifriction material surface engineering technology have obviously reduced surface friction factor and wear of metal ring, greatly improved the effectiveness and life of the seal, and further extended the bit’s life.
Assembled Synthesis of Structure Controlled CuS via a Facile Hydrothermal Route
Authors: Zhang Hai Jiao , Xu Hui Fang , Zhao Can
Published: May 2011

In this letter, a simple method was applied to fabricate different morphologies of CuS particles. The ratio between CuSO4and thiourea played an important role in preparing various CuS particles such as nest-like, cabbage-like and cauliflower-like structures. Further, the formation mechanism of CuS was proposed that the assembly process of CuS nanoflakes induced the various structures.
Research on Main Control Factors of Coalbed Methane Reservoir Formation in Turpan-Hami Basin
Authors: Li Gui Zhong , Xu Hong Yan , Wang Bo , Deng Ze , Geng Meng
Published: May 2011

Turpan-Hami Basin is a typical low coal rank coal bearing basin in China, with coal resources accounting for 50% of the total low coal rank resources. Structural evolution of the basin plays important controlling roles to generation；Fan delta and braided delta deposit systems are thick and stable sedimentary systems which are favorable for coal beds development；Hydrogeological condition is a major force for the adjustment and construction of coal-bed gas reservoirs.
Experimental and Theoretical Study on Transition Metal Ion Doped TiO2
Authors: Zhong Xue Chun , Pan Zhan Chang , Wei Zhi Gang , Xie Shu Guang , Cheng Zhen Jun , Xiao Chu Min
Published: May 2011

In this paper, TiO2crystallines doped with transition metal ions have been prepared by sol-gel method. The UV-visible spectra indicated that the doping with transition metal ions (especially Cu2+, Mn2+and Cr3+ions) could effectively improve the absorption of TiO2crystals in the visible-light range. The XRD results showed that the doping does not affect the anatase phase of TiO2. The band structure and the UV-vis absorption spectrum of Mn2+ions doped-TiO2were also calculated by DFT (density function theory) method, which indicated that the doping with transition metal ion could make the band gap of TiO2smaller and a red shift in optical absorption.
TMF of Directionally Solidified and Single Crystal Superalloy
Authors: Wang Qing Wu , Zhang Shi Hui , Pang Mao
Published: May 2011

Directional solidification and single crystal technology reduces material defects, improves material mechanical property and improves resistances to the high temperature fatigue, creep and corrosion. Accumulation of fatigue damage is a method of life prediction analysis and many fatigue damage models are proposed. Based on foregone research achievements, this paper presents a fatigue damage model, which could reflect material anisotropy and thermomechanical coupling effect. Based on equivalent strain, a fatigue damage evaluation method of directionally solidified and single crystal superalloy is presented and by this method, the linear fit of published fatigue experiment data is proceeded. Directionally solidified and single crystal superalloy is of strong anisotropy and crystal orientation has strong effect on component mechanical response. Comparative life of different location on component could be analyzed.
Research on Reaction Mechanism of Si3N4 and AlF3 in CO Atmosphere
Authors: Wang Jia Ping , Li Yong , Zhu Xiao Yan , Zhai Ya Wei , Bo Jun , Zhang Jian Fang
Published: May 2011

The reaction between Si3N4 and AlF3 had been investigated in CO atmosphere at high temperature. Experimental results are shown that the reaction between Si3N4 and AlF3 is accelerated with the rise of temperature. At the temperature of 950 (aluminum electrolytic operation temperature is 935±15), there is obvious reaction between Si3N4 and AlF3; under this experiment condition, Si3N4 converted into Si2N2O partly, Si2N2O can also react with AlF3. The reaction products of Si3N4 with AlF3 are SiF4 (g) and AlN, while the reaction products of Si2N2O with AlF3 are SiF4 (g) and Al8O3N6. So, during the usage of Si3N4-bonded SiC sidewall brick in aluminum electrolysis cells, the content of Si3N4 in Si3N4-SiC block are reduced which can bring down the corrosion of aluminum electrolyte to the sidewall materials.
A Novel Synthesis of 3-Amino-1-Adamantanemethanol
Authors: Cai Lu , Guo Jian Wei , Liu Sa , Yang Chu Fen , Zhu Hua , Peng Jin Ping
Published: May 2011

3-amino-1-adamantanemethanol was synthesized from adamantane carboxylic acid following the procedures of Ritter reaction, hydrolysis, neutralization and reduced reaction without the participation of bromine. The total yield of 3-amino-1-adamantanemethanol was 43%. The structure of the target compound was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, MS, 1HNMR,etc. In addition, the possible reaction mechanisms was proposed.
Dynamic Variation Character of CBM Reservoir Permeability during Depletion of High-Rank Coalbed Methane
Authors: Li Gui Zhong , Deng Ze , Wang Bo , Geng Meng
Published: May 2011

China is rich in CBM resources, but so far, some production wells present low production and rapid decline trend. In addition to these objective factors such as low permeability and complexity of geological structure of CBM reservoir, there is still the most important problem during the exploitation techniques that is the lack of understanding to dynamic variation character of CBM reservoir permeability, which leads to the unreasonable work of depletion for coalbed methane.Using P&M model and parameters from 3# coal seam of Shanxi Formation, Permian system in Qinshui basin, the permeability variations of this block (first decline, then ascend, reaching 2.8 times of initial permeability at the end) were analyzed, revealing good depletion prospect of this CBM field, and pointed that the higher Young's modulus is, the more obvious matrix shrinkage is and the higher gas saturation is, the more favor for permeability improvement through sensitivity analysis. Finally, two suggestions were proposed, (1) add the 'permeability variations' to the parameters for CBM block select, which may find the "innate" in the late development of the poor condition of properties easy to improve, develop potential for larger blocks. (2) Adjust and optimize the depletion method (amplitude and frequency of bleeding, pressure reduction) according to the permeability variation characters discussed in this paper
A New Safety Enrichment Method for Low Concentration Coal Bed Methane-Proportion Pressure Swing Adsorption
Authors: Li Yong Ling , Liu Ying Shu , Yang Xiong
Published: May 2011

Based on pressure swing adsorption, Proportion Pressure Swing Adsorption (PPSA), a new enrichment method with high safety, was suggested to enrich the low concentration coal bed gas. A mixture of active carbon (CA) and carbon molecular sieve (CMS) was employed as adsorbent in the process of PPSA. The methane and oxygen in coal bed gas were adsorbed simultaneously. The experimental study was carried out in order to verify the feasibility of this method. The equilibrium adsorption characteristic of CA and CMS were tested. The results showed that both concentrations of CH4 and O2 in desorption gas could be controlled well and would not exceed the explosion limit in enrichment process by adjusting the mass ratio of CMS5/AC1. Therefore, the new method, PPSA, can guarantee the safety in enrichment of coal bed methane.
Mechanical Properties of Oil Filter Paper Impregnated by a Novel Waterborne Novolac Epoxy Emulsion
Authors: Huang Xiang Xuan , Lu Ya Lin , Cai Zhi Qi , Wen Xiu Fang , Pi Pi Hui , Cheng Jiang , Yang Zhuo Ru
Published: May 2011

A novel cationic waterborne epoxy emulsion for oil filter paper was synthesized. Hydrophilic groups were introduced into a multifunctional bisphenol-A novolac epoxy resin (NEP) by chemical modification, while maintaining the epoxy groups as many as possible, which were neutralized to form the equably water dispersed epoxy resin. The structure of modified NEP in different rate of ring-opening was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The emulsion particle dispersion and micromorphology of waterborne bisphenol-A novolac epoxy resin (WNEP) was detected by granularity measured instrument and TEM. Mechanical properties and microstructure of oil filter papers impregnated by five different waterborne epoxy emulsions were tested and observed by SEM. From the results it can be shown that oil filter paper impregnated by WNEP emulsion has comprehensive properties better than other four commercialized products, exhibiting the best air permeability and improved bursting strength15% higher than that impregnated by poly-styrene-acrylate (PSA) latex.
Effect of Large Amount of Fly Ash on Hydration Process of Portland Cement at the Early Stage
Authors: Ding Qing Jun , Han Ji Yu , Huang Xiu Lin
Published: May 2011

In this article, through the measurements on neat cement paste strength and heat of hydration at the early stage and using several analytical methods including XRD and SEM, effect of large amount of fly ash on the hydration process and cement's hardening mechanism of portland cement was studied when water to binder ratio is 0.35 and fly ash content is between 20% and 50%.The research outcomes find that the pozzolanic activities of fly ash are not good at the early stage.The more the content of fly ash was, the bigger the effect on strength would be.
Structural Simulation and Lattice Vibration of a3Ni5Al19 (A = Th, U)
Authors: Liu Jiu Li , Qian Ping , Hu Yao Wen , Bai Li Jun , Shen Jiang
Published: May 2011

An atomistic simulation is presented on the phase stability and lattice parameters of the new actinide intermetallic compounds A3Ni5Al19(A = Th, U). Calculations are based on a series of interatomic pair potentials related to the actinides and transition metals, which are obtained by lattice inversion method. Calculated lattice constants are found to agree with a report in the literature. It is noted that, the total and partial phonon densities of states are first evaluated for the A3Ni5Al19(A = Th, U) compounds. The analysis for the inverted potentials explains qualitatively the contributions of different atoms to the vibrational modes.
The Antibacterial Activity of the Extracts of Apocynum Venetum and Apocynum Venetum Fiber
Authors: Wang Hui Juan , Chen Hao , Han Guang Ting
Published: May 2011

In this study, the total flavone contents of Apocynum venetum extract and Apocynum venetum fiber extracts were evaluated. Their antibacterial activity was tested via testing the antibacterial effect of their aqueous, ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol extracts. The results were showed that both the materials extracts at the concentration of 100, 50mg/ml had significantly antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus, and had a few effect on bacillus subtilis, pseudomonadaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli and candida albicans.
Curing Kinetics of Cyano Functionalized Benzoxazine
Authors: Chen Wen Jin , Liu Xiao Bo
Published: May 2011

A multifunctional benzoxazine monomer (BZCN) was synthesized, which has several outstanding properties, such as high thermal stability and high glass transition. To better understand the curing kinetics of BZCN, isothermal differential scanning calorimetry measurements were used to determine the kinetic parameters and the kinetic models of the curing processes of benzoxazine monomer with cyano functionality. The result shows the mechanism of the curing reaction of BZCN exhibits autocatalytic model, but doesn’t meet nth-order model. Owing to the effects of catalysis of cyano functionality, the activation energy is 89.65KJ•mol-1and the total order of reaction is 1.84, which is quite different from that of normal benzoxazine. The theoretical calculations matched reasonably well with the experimental results.
Determination of the Anchorage Depth of Rigid Anti-Slide Piles Based on Biparameter Method
Authors: Wu Yan Zhi
Published: May 2011

In order to improve the design and calculation of anti-slide piles, the design method is proposed which can calculate anchorage depth of rigid piles based on bi-parameter mode of foundation coefficient and the corresponding formula is deduced in details. Based on these formulations，computation programs are developed for design calculations of anti-sliding piles and soil retaining piles for deep foundation pits. The example shows that this method is convenient, reliable and the final result can be directly obtained by simple trial calculation, so it has larger engineering application value. In case of the data of testing piles given, calculation results can perfectly coincide with measurements with foundation coefficients adjusted. When the obtained double-parameter is applied to other piles under the same conditions, the anchorage depth calculated will be reasonable and reliable.
Monitoring System of Food Safety Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Liu He Guang , Gao Ning , Wu Lin Hai , Xie Linbo
Published: May 2011

Because food safety is an important problem to our life, this paper proposes a technology of food traceability based on Internet of Things. Once one of the whole chains of food logistics has problems, manufacturers can call back the food with problems as quickly as possible in order to reduce injuries through underlying perception, network perception, middle information and high-level decision. Besides, this technology also cut down the express and time of finding food which has problems.
Potential of Nanofiltration for Brackish Water Desalination in Gaza Strip
Authors: A. Abuhabib A , Mohammad Abdul Wahab , Abd-Rahman Rakmi
Published: May 2011

Nanofiltration membranes have proven their applicability in desalination as well as many other fields in water and wastewater industries. Two commercial nanofiltration membranes denoted as NF and ASP30 were chosen to be investigated in terms of their characteristics and performance in order to determine their suitability and applicability for brackish water desalination in Gaza Strip. In this work, membranes flux and rejection of two additional salts (Na2SO4 and KCl) is reported. Both membranes showed higher rejection rate for Na2SO4 (99% for NF and 75% for ASP30) when compared to KCl (36% for NF and 32% for ASP30). ASP30 had higher flux for both salts solutions (110 L.mˉ².hˉ¹ for Na2SO4 and 121 L.mˉ².hˉ¹ for KCl) while NF membrane had lower flux for both of them (78.4 L.mˉ².hˉ¹ for Na2SO4 and 72.5 L.mˉ².hˉ¹ for KCl). In addition, the variation of salt rejection versus permeation provides a possibility of optimizing operational conditions of both membranes. The results indicated good potential in applying both membranes to desalinate brackish water of Gaza Strip which is characterized by up to 2000 mg/l TDS of which Chloride is up to 700 mg/l.
Effects of Oxygen-Deficient Ambience Annealing on Polycrystalline Y2O3 Film
Authors: Zhang Jin Ping , Chen Yuan Dao , Zhou Gu Zhen , Lu Ji Lin
Published: May 2011

Polycrystalline Y2O3 thin films have been prepared by radio frequency (RF) reactive sputtering. The topographies of Y2O3 films were shown by AFM. The XPS measurement has found the interfacial silicates and the amorphous silicon sub-oxide (SiOx) interfacial layer which is also indicated by the FTIR investigation. The interfacial reactions have been induced by an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-sufficient reaction environment at Y2O3/Si interface.
Synthesis and Characterizaion of Adamantane-Containing Quaternary Ammonium Salts
Authors: Guo Jian Wei , Guan Nian Yun , Liu Sa , Yang Chu Fen , Zhu Le Jie
Published: May 2011

To develop the potential use of adamantane derivatives in surfactant field, the adamantyl residue was introduced into the quaternary ammonium salt. The method involved synthesizing N-(1-adamantyl)-N, N-dimethylamine from 1-adamantine and quaternizing with different alkylating agents. Eight adamantane-containing quaternary ammonium salts were prepared and their structures were identified by1H NMR and IR.
Effect of the Content of Air Bubble in Oil on Pressure of Oil in Working Cavity of High Pressure Vane Pump
Authors: Li Shao Nian , Wei Li Jiang , Ji Hong , Wang Zheng Rong
Published: May 2011

The content of air bubble in oil will effect on the value of volume elasticity modulus, and effect on the pressure of oil in working cavity. The article use the formula between the content of air bubble and the value of volume elasticity modulus in heat insulation process, and model is built which shows the relation between the content of air bubble and pressure of oil in sealed working cavity when vane moving from big arc area to outlet area. At last the curve of oil’s pressure in sealed working cavity was obtained by computer simulation when the content of air bubble in oil is given different values.
Effect of Fe2O3 on the Sintering Property of MgO-CaO Refractory
Authors: Xue Wen Dong , Huang Xiao Xiao , Guo Jia Ming
Published: May 2011

The effect of Fe2O3 on the sintering property of MgO-CaO refractory was studied by XRD analysis and SEM analysis of sectioned specimens. As the content of ferric oxide increases, the specimen has higher density, lower porosity and the cold crush strength increases. In contrast the density and porosity of the fired specimens change slightly when the content is up to 6%. From XRD analysis, ferric oxide do not exist owing to that ferric oxide reacted with calcium oxide producing calcium ferrite; From SEM analysis, when the content of ferric oxide is 6%, calcium ferrite distributes uniformly between the main crystal phase and the matrix and the overall structure is homogeneous and dense. The result shows the nonuniform distribution of calcium ferrite as the content of ferric oxide is relatively low, while as the content of ferric oxide is high the excess amount of calcium ferrite existed in the sintered specimens will generate superfluous liquid phase to reduce the fire resistance of materials.
Crystallization Behavior and Melting Characteristics of Isotactic Polypropylene Nucleated by a Novel Nucleating Agent
Authors: Xu Nai , Pan Li Sha , Lu Ling Bin , Pang Su Juan , Lin Qiang
Published: May 2011

The crystalline structure, morphology, and nonisothermal crystallization and melting behavior of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with and without a novel nucleating agent containing amide group (TMC-328) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). TMC-328 could increase the crystallization temperature and accelerate the crystallization rate of iPP. As an efficient α-form nucleating agent, the addition of TMC-328 could obviously reduce the spherulite size of iPP. There is a critical concentration of TMC-328. When the content of TMC-328 is 0.1%, iPP matrix exhibits the maximum crystallization peak temperature (123 °C) and the maximum crystallinity of 45.0%. With the content of TMC-328 increasing, crystallinity of iPP matrix decreases obviously. XRD measurements indicate that the crystal structure of the α-form of iPP is unaffected by TMC-328.
Study on the Electrolyte Material BaCe1-xYxO3-δ’s Raman Spectra and Electrical Properties for Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Wang Jin Xia , Jian Jia Wen , Gu Yuan Yuan
Published: May 2011

In this paper we used sol-gel method for synthesizing Y3+-doped BaCeO3 solid electrolyte BaCe1-xYxO3-δ(x=0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30). The samples crystallized in a single perovskite phase by X-ray diffraction analysis after sintering at 1450°C in air for 10h; Raman spectrum measurements indicated that the increasing of Y3+ doped content increased the crystal symmetry and increased the oxygen vacancy content for the samples, all Y3+ ions were doped into the Ce-sites; The electric conductivities of the samples increased with Y content and reach a maximum at x=0.25, then decreased. The relationship between proton conductivity and Y dopant was closely related with oxygen vacancy content, crystal symmetry and the forming of defect association.
A Method Study of Recognizing the Defect Type for the Continuous Casting Slab by Pulsed Eddy Current
Authors: Qi Ou Yang , Zhang Li Zhi , Zhao Li Ming , Li Wan Hong , Peng Song
Published: May 2011

Defect of continue casting slab is closely related with technology and working conditions, one productive condition usually leads to the same type of defect. So it has a great practical significance to evaluate the operative process by effective recognition of defect types. In this paper, a damped oscillating signal is acquired by differential method. The defect type of continues casting slab is preliminary qualitative detected via three eigenvalue, the wave peak value(called WPV below), the lagging time of peak(called LTP below) and the peak value difference between the rising and failing edge(called PVD below) which extracting from the differential signal.
The Steady-State Model of Heating Process in Horizontal Continuous Annealing Furnace
Authors: Zhou Gang , Wen Zhi , Dou Rui Feng , Su Fu Yong , Fang Xu , Zhuang Wei Qi , Cao Yong
Published: May 2011

The continuous annealing process of strip steel is aimed to archive the required physical and mechanical properties. During this process, strip temperature is of great importance for controlling metallurgical transformation and grain size. This paper describes the modeling of the heating process in a horizontal annealing furnace used for producing stainless steel. The steady-state model is designed to predict strip temperature in the heating section, so it can simulate the annealing process of new varieties of steel never been produces. The strip temperatures predicted by model well correspond to the field data. This confirms the correctness and accuracy of the model.
Development of Pipe Flow Generators
Authors: Wang Song Hao , Perez Ronald José Doblado , García Ronald , Chen Jia Cheng
Published: May 2011

This study aims to research and develop Pipe Flow Generators. The focus in this paper is on the rotor design for pipes of different sizes. Modern engineering tools such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software and Rapid Prototyping technology are utilized to facilitate the numerical and experimental studies. The CFD numerical simulations consist of two and three-dimensional transient and steady analyses. These simulations were conducted to find the relationship between the flow rate, blade geometry and number of blades. During the experimentation process, Rapid Prototyping Technology (RP) was used to fabricate many different types of turbine geometries to test different impeller parameters. RPM and voltages where measured for each turbine design. The study leads to several important findings for better pipe flow generators design.
Comparison between Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects on Grain Growth in Nano-Scale Materials
Authors: Chen Zheng , Liu Feng , Shen Cheng Jin , Fan Yu
Published: May 2011

A detailed comparison between kinetic and thermodynamic effects on grain growth in nanocrystalline Gd doped ceria ceramics was given. From the thermodynamic standpoint, the evolution of grain size with annealing time can be described using an analytical model for grain boundary segregation upon isothermal grain growth. From the kinetic standpoint, the single isothermal grain growth can be understood in terms of a single, thermally-activated rate process with constant grain boundary energy, σb. The solute excess in grain boundaries increases with grain growth and tends to its saturated value, therefore, the inhibition of grain growth can be attributed to the reduction of grain boundary energy σb through solute segregation.
Safety Analysis of VCM Storage Tanks Based on AHP-Fuzzy
Authors: Tan Zhao Yang , Huo Jun Li , Yu Ying Min , Wu Zong Zhi
Published: May 2011

Huge storage tanks of Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) are often regarded as major hazard installation because VCM is such a kind of flammable, explosive and toxic gas that leakage of liquid VCM would induce fire, explosion and toxic accidents. In this paper, index system of the safety of VCM storage tanks was established by analyzing four main factors including 18 indexes, based on accidents statistic and technology experience. Taking VCM storage tank in a petrochemical plant as a case, AHP-Fuzzy method was applied to achieve single VCM storage tank safety classification. The study could help companies develop preventive measures and emergency planning to reduce casualties and property losses.
Young's Modulus of Graphene Based on Variation Principle and Energy Conservation
Authors: Ban Shu Hao , Jiang Xue Dong , Hu Ai Ping , Li Xiao Yan , Miao Nai Ming
Published: May 2011

Tensile strain in x-direction for monolayer graphene with carbon-circles is considered based on variation principle and energy conservation. The relations between the Young’s modulus in x-direction and the number of carbon-circles of graphene are obtained. The results show that the Young’s modulus of graphene in x-direction is independent of the number of carbon-circles in x-direction, but it increases with the increasing number of carbon-circles in y-direction and finally comes to the constant.
Preparation of Acid-Resistant Ultramarine Pigment by Dense Silica Coating Process
Authors: Li Si Fang , Liu Miao
Published: May 2011

Acid-resistant ultramarine blue pigment with a silica shell was prepared by dense silica coating process. From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, it was confirmed that silica in the coating is attached on the ultramarine particles surface by characterizing the composition of elements and the microstructure on the surface of the silica coated particles. Orthogonal experimental design was applied to optimize the operating conditions of the coating process. The best acid resistance for the coated ultramarine blue reached the ninth grade under the following conditions: silica adding rate of 5 g/h, solid content of 6 g/l in the slurry and coating time of 2.5 h.
Simulation of Effective Properties of Nanometer Modified Plastics
Authors: Liu Jia , Li Shun Xiang
Published: May 2011

The means of homogenization method and finite element method was deduced to predict the effective properties of nano-modified plastics. Steps of simulation were given. The effective properties of EVA/TiO2 nanocomposites were studied by the content and the shape of nanoparticles. The results of the prediction and the test were close basically. It was showed that the method of predicting the effective properties of nano-modified plastics by means of homogenization method and finite element method was feasible and the effects of actual microstructures of materials could be investigated too.
Synthesis of a New Diarylethene Based on Isoxazole and Benzofuran Units for Polarization Optical Recording
Authors: Wang Tao Feng , Pu Shou Zhi , Cui Shi Qiang
Published: May 2011

A new photochromic diarylethene1-(3,5-dimethyl-4-isoxazolyl)-2-(2-methyl-3- benzofuran) perfluorocyclopentene (1a) has been synthesized. Its photochromic, fluorescent and optical strorage properties were investigated. The compound exhibited remarkable photochromism and clear fluorescent switches both in solution and in PMMA film. The results showed that the cyclization/cycloreversion process of the compound was determined to be the zeroth/first order reaction. This new photochromic system also exhibited remarkable optical storage character.
Comparative Study of Low Dielectric Constant Material Deposited Using Different Precursors
Authors: Cheng Yi Lung , Lu Yi Shiung , Chiu Tai Jung
Published: May 2011

Two kinds of organosilicate precursors, trimethylsilane (3MS) and diethoxymethylsilane (DEMS), were used to produce low-k films by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) in this work. The experimental results indicate that DEMS-based low-k films have superior electrical performance and better thermal stability as compared to 3MS-based low-k films. Therefore, DEMS-based films are the promising low-k materials which can be integrated in very large scale integration circuit as an inter-layer dielectric material.
Material Texture Retrieval Using Contourlet-2.3 and Three Statistical Features
Authors: Chen Xin Wu , Ma Zhan Qing
Published: May 2011

To improve the retrieval rate of contourlet transform texture retrieval system, a contourlet-2.3 transform based retrieval system was proposed. Six different features, including mean, standard deviation, absolute mean energy, L2 energy, skewness and kurtosis contributions to retrieval rates were examined. Based on the single feature ability in retrieval system, a contourlet-2.3 retrieval system was proposed. The feature vectors were constructed by cascading the standard deviation, absolute mean energy and kurtosis of each sub-band contourlet coefficients and the similarity measure used here is Canberra distance. Experimental results on 109 brodatz texture images show that the new retrieval algorithm can lead to a higher retrieval rate than several contourlet transform retrieval systems including the original contourlet transform, non-subsampled contourlet transform under the same structure.
Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Y2O3-Doped WO3-Based Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Wang Tian Guo , Qin Qun , Zhang Wen Jun
Published: May 2011

WO3-based varistors doped with Y2O3 were prepared and the microstructure, nonlinear electrical properties, and dielectric properties were investigated. Breakdown voltages Eb of WO3 doped with Y2O3 are lower than that of undoped WO3, indicating that the dopant can reduce the breakdown voltage. The dielectric constant of doped samples is higher than that of undoped samples, and the high dielectric constant makes them suitable as capacitor-varistor materials. It was found that the sample of WO3-0.5 mol% Y2O3 sintered at 1150 °C has an optimal nonlinear coefficient of 3.4 and a breakdown voltage of 17.1 V/mm. WO3 ceramic doped with Y2O3 is a new kind of low voltage capacitor-varistor material.
Effect of Er2O3 on the Microstructure and Electrical Properties of WO3 Capacitor-Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Qin Qun , Wang Tian Guo , Zhang Wen Jun
Published: May 2011

WO3-based capacitor-varistor ceramics doped with Er2O3 were prepared and the microstructures and nonlinear electrical properties were investigated. The results show that there exist second phase Er10W2O21 on the surface of WO3 grains. Doping Er2O3 in WO3 ceramic can inhibit the grain growth. A small quantity of Er2O3 can significantly improve nonlinear properties of the samples. The permittivity of doped samples was higher than that of the undoped, and the high permittivity makes Er2O3-doped WO3 ceramics be applicable as a kind of capacitor-varistor materials.
The Synthesis of Graft Copolymer of Starch with Acrylic Acid and Acrylamide and its Application in Sand-Fixing
Authors: Han Ming Di , Han Chun Ying , Zhang Li Dan , Qi Gan
Published: May 2011

An Environmental friendly sand-fixing agent of water-borne polymer(graft copolymer of starch with acrylic acid and acrylamide)was synthesized. The influences of monomer dosage ratio, initiator dosage , the temperature and reaction time on the properties were discussed. The structure, thermal stability and morphology was characterized by IR spectra, TG-DTA and SEM, respectively. With the sand soil as research object, the tolerance of high temperature and compressive strength of the sand-fixing agent were studied preliminarily. The results show that when the mass ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide is 15:10, the mass content of initiator is 4%, the reaction temperature is 50°C and time is 6h, the product has a good sand fixation performance for practical application.
Influence of Alkali Treatment on Properties of Casein Grafted Acrylonitrile Fibers
Authors: Gao Jing
Published: May 2011

Casein grafted acrylonitrile fibers were treated by different concentration alkali solutions. The fibers component were investigated using chemical analysis before and after alkali treatment. The effects of alkali pH value on homopolymer PAN, free casein, grafted casein and grafting degree of the fibers were discussed individually. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the fibers treated by alkali at various pH values were tested, and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting fibers mechanical properties were analyzed. The results can play a certain reference role to the early manufacture and finishing process of casein grafted acrylonitrile fibers.
Cyclohexane Oxidation Catalyzed by Au/MxOyAl2O3 Using Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Zhao Jing , Zhu Ming Qiao , Chen Jia Jing , Yang Yang Yang , Tang Yue , Cai Zhen Yu , Shen Yang Yi , He Chao Hong
Published: May 2011

Alumina was modified by doping with metal oxide and then used as the support for depositing gold by an impregnation-ammonia washing method to obtain Au/MxOy/Al2O3(M=Co, Zr and Ce) catalysts. These samples were characterized by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of Co3O4content, metal oxide and mixed metal oxides on the catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol using molecular oxygen as oxidant were studied. The results showed that better catalytic performance was obtained over Au/MxOy/Al2O3catalysts compared with over Au/Al2O3catalysts. 9.69% conversion of cyclohexane and 93.31% selectivity to cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, with 1.02 ratio of cyclohexanone to cyclohexanol were obtained over the Au/MxOy/Al2O3catalyst at 150 , 1.5 MPa for 3 h. Moreover, according to the recycling test, the catalyst could be reused four times without remarkable loss of activity.
One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Magnesium Hydroxide Sulfate Hydrate Whiskers Using Brine as Raw Material
Authors: Li Dong Yang , Li Xian Guo , Feng Li Juan , Gao Chuan Hui
Published: May 2011

Magnesium hydroxide sulfate hydrate (MHSH) whiskers were prepared using brine, sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfate as raw materials by one-step hydrothermal process. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TG-DTG) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to characterize the MHSH whiskers. It was shown that the MHSH whiskers were MgSO4•5Mg(OH)2 •2H2O with a diameter of 0.2–0.3 μm and a length of 20–30 μm . The thermal decomposition of MHSH whisker was demonstrated a three-step scheme based on the TG-DTG data. The utilization ratio of magnesium in brine was above 80%.
Morphology and Structure of Rod/Coil Nanocomposite Thin Film
Authors: Guo Kai , Chen Jin Zhou , Li Jie , Li Xin Fa , Niu Ming Jun
Published: May 2011

A rod/coil nanocomposite was prepared by a reactive mixing process of Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole) (PBZT) and Nylon66 in polyphosphoric acid (PPA). PBZT-Nylon66 block copolymers were synthesized during the reactive mixing process to act as compatibilizers of PBZT and Nylon66. The morphology and structure of the solution-cast thin film of PBZT/Nylon66 nanocomposites were investigated by using Optical Microscopy(OM), Differential Thermal Analysis(DTA), and Transmitted Electron Microscopy(TEM). PBZT were dispersed in Nylon66 matrix as fibrils which had diameters ranging from 100nm to 400nm and lengths ranging from 500nm to 2μm. The crystal behavior of Nylon66 was considerably disturbed by PBZT in the nanocomposite. Even after heating above the melting point of Nylon66, the nanocomposite exhibited no macrophase separation.
Research on the Preparation Methods of Silicon Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Li Chun Wei , Zhang Qun Li , Xu Shu Yan , Wang Gui Ying
Published: May 2011

Silicon oxide thin films have many excellent properties such as hardness, optical,dielectric properties,wear-resistance and corrosion-resistance. It has been widely used in optical and microelectronic applications. The preparation methods mainly include phsical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition.The paper reviews a few preparation methods of silicon oxide thin films, and compares advantages and disadvantages w ith each other. On the other hand,it point out the tendency of development.
Comparative Analysis of Evaluation Models for Explosion Consequence Caused by Leakage of CNG Cylinders
Authors: Jiang Feng , Liang Rui
Published: May 2011

CNG cylinder is a sort of used storage device in CNG filling stations. As a gas storage container with high-pressure, it will lead to harmful consequences if failure occurs. The explosion consequences after its leakage are analyzed in this article. The vapor cloud explosion (VCE) quantitative evaluation model is compared with API pub 581 consequences evaluation model. And the comparison of the consequences of the explosion bteween two evaluation models is also made based on an example with a set of CNG cylinders.
A Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Oxygen Diffusion in MgO Stabilized Zirconia
Authors: Wang Sen , Li Zhi Hui , Liu Xin , Zhang Huan
Published: May 2011

Oxygen diffusion in MgO stabilized zirconia has been studied by molecular dynamics simulation method with MOLDY software. The results illustrate that oxygen diffusion in MgO stabilized zirconia can be decided by temperature and amount of MgO. Both increase of amount of MgO and temperature in the system may promote the oxygen diffusion. Further increase in temperature is helpful to the oxide ions diffusion. There is always a maximum value of oxygen diffusion coefficient, which is represented by the slope of MSD curves, corresponding to a certain amount of MgO. In MgO stabilized zirconia, the most suitable doped amount of MgO exists in a range , which is decided by the working temperature of MgO stabilized zirconia.
Solid-Liquid Reaction for Synthesis of Rodlike Submicron Oxalate and the Thermolysis to Nanostrings of Co3O4 Nanobeads
Authors: He Xian Da , Ye Hong Qi , Kuai Qin , Xu Kai Hua , Han Hong Tao
Published: May 2011

A novel solid-liquid reaction route has been developed to synthesize rodlike submicron cobalt oxalate via dissolution of cobalt powders by oxalic acid. The rod diameter and length of the oxalate particles were found to be remarkably altered by using HCl or HNO3as additive. With HCl as additive rice-shaped particles were generated while with HNO3slender needlelike particles were created with an average aspect ratio up to 42. Furthermore, strings of Co3O4nanobeads were obtained by calcination of the slender precursor particles in air. The CoC2O4·2H2O submicron rods and Co3O4nanobeads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Field-Emission Triode of Tetrapod-Like ZnO Film Using Metal Mesh
Authors: Ma Li An , Wu Chao Xing , Lin Jin Yang , Hu Li Qin , Guo Tai Liang
Published: May 2011

Using Zn powder as the raw material, Tetrapod-like ZnO nanoneedles with controllable morphology and size were successfully prepared by chemical vapor deposition. A screen printed normal-gated triode with Tetrapod-like ZnO nanoneedles field emitters is demonstrated. Field emission measurements show that the Tetrapod-like ZnO nanoneedles FED triode devices posses a good field emission property. The turn-on voltage is 270V. An anode current of 2.75 mA and a gate current of 0.43 mA are extracted at a gate voltage of 600 V with a brightness of 2300 cd/m2.
The Co-Doping Effect of Si and Mn on the Dilute Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Thin Films
Authors: Xiang Gang , Zhang Xi
Published: May 2011

The co-doping effect of Si and Mn have been studied in the low temperature grown ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As thin films. It is found that Si doping decreases the Curie temperatures of the ferromagnetic sample due to carrier compensation and defects formation. The transport studies show that the Si incorporation increases the resistivity of the (Ga,Mn)As thin films, and increase the planar Hall resistance while increases the resistance transitions in the magnetic samples.