bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three decades of nearshore surveys reveal long-term patterns in gray whale habitat use, distribution, and abundance in the Northern California Current
Authors: Barlow Dawn R. , Strong Craig S. , Torres Leigh G.
Published: April 2024

The nearshore waters of the Northern California Current support an important seasonal foraging ground for Pacific Coast Feeding Group (PCFG) gray whales. We examine gray whale distribution, habitat use, and abundance over 31 years (1992–2022) using standardized nearshore (< 5 km from shore) surveys spanning a large swath of the PCFG foraging range. Specifically, we generated density surface models, which incorporate detection probability into generalized additive models to assess environmental correlates of gray whale distribution and predict abundance over time. We illustrate the importance of coastal upwelling dynamics, whereby increased upwelling only yields higher gray whale density if interspersed with relaxation events, likely because this combination optimizes influx and retention of nutrients to support recruitment and aggregation of gray whale prey. Several habitat features influence gray whale distribution, including substrate, shelf width, prominent capes, and river estuaries. However, the influence of these features differs between regions, revealing heterogeneity in habitat preferences throughout the PCFG foraging range. Predicted gray whale abundance fluctuated throughout our study period, but without clear directional trends, unlike previous abundance estimates based on mark-recapture models. This study highlights the value of long-term monitoring, shedding light on the impacts of variable environmental conditions on an iconic nearshore marine predator.
Influence of helical pitch and gantry rotation time on image quality and file size in ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector CT
Authors: Feldle Philipp , Grunz Jan-Peter , Huflage Henner , Kunz Andreas Steven , Ergün Süleyman , Afat Saif , Gruschwitz Philipp , Görtz Lukas , Pennig Lenhard , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Conrads Nora
Published: April 2024

The goal of this experimental study was to quantify the influence of helical pitch and gantry rotation time on image quality and file size in ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting CT (UHR-PCCT). Cervical and lumbar spine, pelvis, and upper legs of two fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens were subjected to nine dose-matched UHR-PCCT scan protocols employing a collimation of 120 × 0.2 mm with varying pitch (0.3/1.0/1.2) and rotation time (0.25/0.5/1.0 s). Image quality was analyzed independently by five radiologists and further substantiated by placing normed regions of interest to record mean signal attenuation and noise. Effective mAs, CT dose index (CTDIvol), size-specific dose estimate (SSDE), scan duration, and raw data file size were compared. Regardless of anatomical region, no significant difference was ascertained for CTDIvol (p ≥ 0.204) and SSDE (p ≥ 0.240) among protocols. While exam duration differed substantially (all p ≤ 0.016), the lowest scan time was recorded for high-pitch protocols (4.3 ± 1.0 s) and the highest for low-pitch protocols (43.6 ± 15.4 s). The combination of high helical pitch and short gantry rotation times produced the lowest perceived image quality (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.866; 95% confidence interval 0.807–0.910; p < 0.001) and highest noise. Raw data size increased with acquisition time (15.4 ± 5.0 to 235.0 ± 83.5 GByte; p ≤ 0.013). Rotation time and pitch factor have considerable influence on image quality in UHR-PCCT and must therefore be chosen deliberately for different musculoskeletal imaging tasks. In examinations with long acquisition times, raw data size increases considerably, consequently limiting clinical applicability for larger scan volumes.
Analysis of factors associated with depressive symptoms in stroke patients based on a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiao Wenhui , Liu Ying , Huang Jinglin , Huang Li-an , Bian Ying , Zou Guanyang
Published: April 2024

Post-stroke depression is commonly experienced by stroke survivors and has a significant negative impact on the physical, cognitive, and social functioning of those affected. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their associated factors in Chinese stroke patients. Research samples were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2018 survey. Depression was evaluated using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, with a score ≥ 10 defined as depression. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to examine the associations of depressive symptoms with demographics, family relationships, health status, and lifestyle. A total of 963 stroke patients were included and 57.8% of them had depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with female sex (OR 1.762, 95% CI 1.235–2.514), lower education level (non-formal education: OR 2.148, 95% CI 1.235–3.737, primary to secondary school education: OR 1.964, 95% CI 1.272–3.033), dissatisfaction with spouse (OR 1.912, 95% CI 1.075–3.401), dissatisfaction with life (OR 1.779, 95% CI 1.080–2.931), dissatisfaction with health (OR 1.592, 95% CI 1.138–2.226), pain (OR 1.392, 95% CI 1.005–1.928) and abnormal sleep (OR 1.557, 95% CI 1.126–2.152). The findings suggest the need for regular depression screening and evaluation after a stroke, and that a well-functioning support system, effective health management, and lifestyle modifications could potentially improve the mental state of stroke patients.
Comparative analysis of feature-based ML and CNN for binucleated erythroblast quantification in myelodysplastic syndrome patients using imaging flow cytometry data
Authors: Rosenberg Carina A. , Rodrigues Matthew A. , Bill Marie , Ludvigsen Maja
Published: April 2024

Myelodysplastic syndrome is primarily characterized by dysplasia in the bone marrow (BM), presenting a challenge in consistent morphology interpretation. Accurate diagnosis through traditional slide-based analysis is difficult, necessitating a standardized objective technique. Over the past two decades, imaging flow cytometry (IFC) has proven effective in combining image-based morphometric analyses with high-parameter phenotyping. We have previously demonstrated the effectiveness of combining IFC with a feature-based machine learning algorithm to accurately identify and quantify rare binucleated erythroblasts (BNEs) in dyserythropoietic BM cells. However, a feature-based workflow poses challenges requiring software-specific expertise. Here we employ a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm for BNE identification and differentiation from doublets and cells with irregular nuclear morphology in IFC data. We demonstrate that this simplified AI workflow, coupled with a powerful CNN algorithm, achieves comparable BNE quantification accuracy to manual and feature-based analysis with substantial time savings, eliminating workflow complexity. This streamlined approach holds significant clinical value, enhancing IFC accessibility for routine diagnostic purposes.
ANTXR1 deficiency promotes fibroblast senescence: implications for GAPO syndrome as a progeroid disorder
Authors: Przyklenk Matthias , Karmacharya Shreya , Bonasera Debora , Pasanen-Zentz Arthur-Lauri , Kmoch Stanislav , Paulsson Mats , Wagener Raimund , Liccardi Gianmaria , Schiavinato Alvise
Published: April 2024

ANTXR1 is one of two cell surface receptors mediating the uptake of the anthrax toxin into cells. Despite substantial research on its role in anthrax poisoning and a proposed function as a collagen receptor, ANTXR1’s physiological functions remain largely undefined. Pathogenic variants in ANTXR1 lead to the rare GAPO syndrome, named for its four primary features: Growth retardation, Alopecia, Pseudoanodontia, and Optic atrophy. The disease is also associated with a complex range of other phenotypes impacting the cardiovascular, skeletal, pulmonary and nervous systems. Aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix components and fibrosis are considered to be crucial components in the pathogenesis of GAPO syndrome, contributing to the shortened life expectancy of affected individuals. Nonetheless, the specific mechanisms connecting ANTXR1 deficiency to the clinical manifestations of GAPO syndrome are largely unexplored. In this study, we present evidence that ANTXR1 deficiency initiates a senescent phenotype in human fibroblasts, correlating with defects in nuclear architecture and actin dynamics. We provide novel insights into ANTXR1's physiological functions and propose GAPO syndrome to be reconsidered as a progeroid disorder highlighting an unexpected role for an integrin-like extracellular matrix receptor in human aging.
County land use carbon emission and scenario prediction in Mianyang Science and Technology City New District, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Wei Tianyi , Yang Bin , Wang Guangyu , Yang Kun
Published: April 2024

The role of carbon emissions resulting from land use change in the compilation of national greenhouse gas emission inventories is of paramount significance. This study is centered on the Mianyang Science and Technology City New Area located in Sichuan Province, China. We used the CLUE-S model and Sentinel-2A remote sensing data from 2017 to simulate and validate land use changes in 2022. Based on this validation, we established three simulation scenarios: a baseline scenario, an agricultural development scenario, and a construction development scenario. Using remote sensing data from 2022, we projected the land use for 2030. We also used CO2 concentration data collected in 2022 and 2023, processed the data using ArcGIS and Python, and conducted a quantitative analysis of carbon emissions under each scenario. Ultimately, the accuracy of both measured and predicted CO2 values for 2023 was juxtaposed and authenticated, thus concluding the investigative cycle of this study. Key findings include: (1) The accuracy of the CLUE-S model in the study area was assessed using overall accuracy, quantity disagreement and allocation disagreement indexes. In 2022, the overall accuracy is 98.19%, the quantity disagreement is 1.7%, and the allocation disagreement is 2.2%. (2) Distinct land resource utilization characteristics in scenarios, highlighting potential impacts on economic development and pollution. (3) Increased carbon emissions across scenarios, with construction development showing the highest rise (4.170%) and agricultural development the lowest (0.766%). (4) The predictive accuracy of the validation group's CO2 concentration values can reach 99.5%. This study proposes precise CO2 prediction at the county level, thus laying the groundwork for future research endeavors. Such findings are indispensable for informing carbon policy formulation and promoting low-carbon development strategies.
A pancreatic cancer organoid-in-matrix platform shows distinct sensitivities to T cell killing
Authors: Lahusen Anton , Cai Jierui , Schirmbeck Reinhold , Wellstein Anton , Kleger Alexander , Seufferlein Thomas , Eiseler Tim , Lin Yuan-Na
Published: April 2024

Poor treatment responses of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are in large part due to tumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive desmoplastic tumor stroma that impacts interactions with cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Thus, there is a pressing need for models to probe the contributions of cellular and noncellular crosstalk. Organoids are promising model systems with the potential to generate a plethora of data including phenotypic, transcriptomic and genomic characterization but still require improvements in culture conditions mimicking the TME. Here, we describe an INTERaction with Organoid-in-MatriX ("InterOMaX") model system, that presents a 3D co-culture-based platform for investigating matrix-dependent cellular crosstalk. We describe its potential to uncover new molecular mechanisms of T cell responses to murine KPC (LSL-KrasG12D/+27/Trp53tm1Tyj/J/p48Cre/+) PDAC cells as well as PDAC patient-derived organoids (PDOs). For this, a customizable matrix and homogenously sized organoid-in-matrix positioning of cancer cells were designed based on a standardized agarose microwell chip array system and established for co-culture with T cells and inclusion of stromal cells. We describe the detection and orthogonal analysis of murine and human PDAC cell populations with distinct sensitivity to T cell killing that is corroborated in vivo. By enabling both identification and validation of gene candidates for T cell resistance, this platform sets the stage for better mechanistic understanding of cancer cell-intrinsic resistance phenotypes in PDAC.
A new method based on YOLOv5 and multiscale data augmentation for visual inspection in substation
Authors: Chen Junjie , Pan Siqi , Chan Yanping , Ni Yuedong , Ye Donghua
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence has demonstrated notable advancements in the realm of visual inspection and defect detection in substations. Nevertheless, practical application presents challenges, with issues arising from the dynamic shooting environment and limited dataset resulting in suboptimal defect identification accuracy and instability. To address these concerns, a pioneering approach based on hybrid pruning YOLOv5 and multiscale data augmentation is proposed for enhancing defect detection in substations. Initially, an enhanced multiscale data augmentation method is proposed. The improved multiscale data augmentation mitigates the impact of the time-varying shooting environment on recognition accuracy and enhances defect detection precision. Subsequently, YOLOv5 is employed for training and detecting defects within multi-scale image data. To alleviate the potential destabilizing effects of YOLOv5’s large-scale parameters on model stability, a new model pruning method is implemented. This method strategically prunes parameters to bolster the model’s defect identification accuracy. The efficacy of the proposed methodology is evaluated through testing on substation defect images, confirming its effectiveness in enhancing defect detection capabilities.
Simultaneous boost radiotherapy versus conventional dose radiotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a multi-institutional analysis
Authors: Takano Seiya , Tomita Natsuo , Kuno Mayu , Niwa Masanari , Torii Akira , Takaoka Taiki , Kita Nozomi , Okazaki Dai , Yamamoto Shintaro , Kawai Tatsuya , Sugie Chikao , Ogawa Yasutaka , Matsumoto Kenichi , Uchiyama Kaoru , Otsuka Shinya , Matsui Tooru , Miyakawa Akifumi , Mizuno Tomoki , Iida Masato , Tanikawa Motoki , Mase Mitsuhito , Hiwatashi Akio
Published: April 2024

We compared survival outcomes of high-dose concomitant boost radiotherapy (HDCBRT) and conventional dose radiotherapy (CRT) for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GB). Patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy for newly diagnosed GB were included. In HDCBRT, specific targets received 69, 60, and 51 Gy in 30 fractions, while 60 Gy in 30 fractions was administered with a standard radiotherapy method in CRT. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared using the Log-rank test, followed by multivariate Cox analysis. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was also applied to each analysis. Among 102 eligible patients, 45 received HDCBRT and 57 received CRT. With a median follow-up of 16 months, the median survival times of OS and PFS were 21 and 9 months, respectively. No significant differences were observed in OS or PFS in the Kaplan–Meier analyses. In the multivariate analysis, HDCBRT correlated with improved OS (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.90; P = 0.021), and this result remained consistent after IPTW adjustments (P = 0.028). Conversely, dose suppression due to the proximity of normal tissues and IMRT field correlated with worse OS and PFS (P = 0.008 and 0.049, respectively). A prospective study with a stricter protocol is warranted to validate the efficacy of HDCBRT for GB.
Design and analysis of solitary AC–AC converter using reduced components for efficient power generation system
Authors: Nandakumar K. , Mohan V. , Alsaif Faisal , Senthilkumar S.
Published: April 2024

Considering different applications that require varied power and voltage conversion levels between AC grids and AC loads, AC–AC power conversion between AC grids has become an inevitable technology of energy management systems. An isolated converter for performing AC-to-AC transmission is proposed with minimal components for reduced losses and enhanced system efficiency. Single-phase direct buck-boost AC to AC converter with minimum components constituted with two dual IGBT control units (IGBT 1–IGBT 4), inductor (Lf), and capacitor (Cf) is proposed in this work. The MATLAB/Simulink platform is used to provide in-depth analysis of the circuit and components along with the design guidelines, and simulation outcomes of this proposed model. The voltage gains of G = 2.13, power factor of 0.97, and overall efficiency of 98% are achieved in the proposed system with minimum components of 4 switches, 2 conductors, and 1 capacitor and inductor respectively. The obtained results are compared with existing technology to evaluate the proposed system.
Dual-branch feature encoding framework for infrared images super-resolution reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Yuke , Zhou Peizi , Chen Lizhu
Published: April 2024

Infrared thermal imaging is a passive non-contact detection and identification technology, which is not subject to electromagnetic infection and good concealment, is widely used in military and commercial fields. However, due to the limitations of the existing infrared imaging system mechanisms, the spatial resolution of the acquired infrared images is low and the edge details are blurred, which in turn leads to poor performance in downstream missions based on infrared images. In this paper, in order to better solve the above problems, we propose a new super-resolution reconstruction framework for infrared images, called DBFE, which extracts and retains abundant structure and textual information for robust infrared image high-resolution reconstruction with a novel structure-textual encoder module. Extensive experiment demonstrates that our proposed method achieves significantly superior contraband high-resolution reconstruction results on the multiple dataset compared to progressive methods for high resolution infrared image reconstruction, effectively proving the practicability of the method proposed in this paper.
People are surprisingly hesitant to reach out to old friends
Authors: Aknin Lara B. , Sandstrom Gillian M.
Published: April 2024

Social relationships provide one of the most reliable paths to happiness, but relationships can fade for various reasons. While it does not take much to reinitiate contact, here we find that people are surprisingly reluctant to do so. Specifically, most people reported losing touch with an old friend yet expressed little interest in reaching out (Studies 1-2, Ns = 401 and 199). Moreover, fewer than one third of participants sent a message to an old friend, even when they wanted to, thought the friend would be appreciative, had the friend’s contact information, and were given time to draft and send a message (Studies 3-4, Ns = 453 and 604). One reason for this reluctance may be that old friends feel like strangers. Supporting this possibility, participants were no more willing to reach out to an old friend than they were to talk to a stranger (Study 5, N = 288), and were less willing to contact old friends who felt more like strangers (Study 6, N = 319). Therefore, in Study 7 (N = 194), we adapted an intervention shown to ease anxieties about talking to strangers and found that it increased the number of people who reached out to an old friend by two-thirds.
A colorimetric tandem combination of CRISPR/Cas12a with dual functional hybridization chain reaction for ultra-sensitive detection of Mycobacterium bovis
Authors: Liu Qiong , Yang Mei , Zhang He , Ma Wenjie , Fu Xin , Li Huiqing , Gao Sainan
Published: April 2024

In this work, the dual hybridization chain reaction combined with CRISPR/Cas12a based on the G-quadruplex was used to develop a tandem-colorimetric biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of Mycobacterium bovis.
Synthesis of a new 1,2,3-triazoles scaffold using a heterogeneous multifunctional copper photocatalyst for in vitro investigation via click reaction
Authors: Mohammadkhani Abolfazl , Hosseini Samanesadat , Pourmousavi Seied Ali , Heydari Akbar , Mahdavi Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Fe3O4@AlZn–Cu is a photocatalyst for 1,2,3-triazole synthesis with Alzheimer's potential. It is a ligand-free, chemo-selective photo-multifunctional catalyst. This is a sustainable approach to organic synthesis, contributing to a greener world.
Heterologous expression and enzymatic characteristics of sulfatase from Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1
Authors: Cheng Zhangchen , Wu Beiqi , Bai Juan , Fan Songtao , Daglia Maria , Li Jiaying , Zhao Yansheng , He Yufeng , Zhu Lin , Xiao Xiang
Published: April 2024

Barley, rich in bioactive components including dietary fiber, polyphenolic compounds and functional proteins, exhibits health benefits such as regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.
Experimental demonstration of combination-encoding content-addressable memory of 0.75 bits per switch utilizing Hf–Zr–O ferroelectric tunnel junctions
Authors: Nguyen Manh-Cuong , You Jiwon , Sim Yonguk , Choi Rino , Jeong Doo Seok , Kwon Daewoong
Published: April 2024

We have fabricated 4-CECAM (with keys encoded into 8-long binary arrays and 8 FTJs) with a content density of 0.75 bits per switch, which highlights 50% increase in content density compared to that of the conventional TCAM (0.5 bits per switch).
Effects of monovalent and divalent cations on the rheology of entangled DNA
Authors: Harnett Jennifer , Weir Simon , Michieletto Davide
Published: April 2024

Our study uncovers how cation valency and concentration influence the rheology of entangled lambda DNA solutions through DNA hybridization. Moreover, we identify evidence of intermolecular bridging between DNA strands induced by Mg2+ ions.
Sustainable synthesis of diethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and ethanol featuring acetals as regenerable dehydrating agents
Authors: Putro Wahyu S. , Ijima Seiichiro , Matsumoto Seiji , Hamura Satoshi , Yabushita Mizuho , Tomishige Keiichi , Fukaya Norihisa , Choi Jun-Chul
Published: April 2024

Featuring the regeneration of the dehydrating agent in the direct synthesis of diethyl carbonate offers a promising prospective in industrial application for the development of organic carbonate synthesis from CO2.
Correction: A closer look at ligand specificity for cellular activation of NOD2 with synthetic muramyl dipeptide analogues
Authors: Adamson Christopher , Liang Yaquan , Feng Shiliu , Ng Allan Wee Ren , Qiao Yuan
Published: April 2024

Correction for ‘A closer look at ligand specificity for cellular activation of NOD2 with synthetic muramyl dipeptide analogues’ by Christopher Adamson et al., Chem. Commun., 2024, 60, 2212–2215, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CC05807G.
Extending 2D covalent organic frameworks by inserting anthracene for promoted white-light-mediated photocatalysis
Authors: Liu Yiqiong , Zhao Zehao , Xu Wenshuo , Gong Weitao
Published: April 2024

A novel anthracene-based covalent organic framework was synthesized, with potential application for white light-induced oxidative coupling of amines and selective oxidation of sulfides, both of which yielded remarkable conversion and selectivity.
Role of the heptagonal channel of crystalline Mo3VOx catalyst for the selective oxidation of acrolein and methacrolein
Authors: Ishikawa Satoshi , Noda Nagisa , Shimoda Kosuke , Murayama Toru , Ueda Wataru
Published: April 2024

Crystalline orthorhombic Mo3VOx (MoVO) is a promising catalyst for the selective oxidation of acrolein and methacrolein. These oxidations occur on the heptagonal channel, while the catalysis field was different. This difference resulted in a significant difference in the catalytic activity.
Design and performance analysis of a mid-infrared broadband thermally tunable metamaterial absorption device based on the phase-change effect
Authors: Feng Tianquan , Gong Chenyu , Liang Shiri , Yi Zao , Yi Yuxuan , Ma Can
Published: April 2024

A mid-infrared broadband thermal tunable absorption device based on phase change material VO2 is proposed. The device can cover the far infrared window, with an average absorption rate higher than 90%, and is polarization independent and insensitive to large incident angle.
Correction: Nano-pelargonidin modulates p53/PARP/HSP 90/XRCC1 signaling axis to combat cypermethrin-induced genotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction in fish: a molecular docking predicted in vivo approach
Authors: Sow Priyanka , Dey Sudatta , Dey Rishita , Samadder Asmita , Nandi Sisir , Tarafdar Debojyoti , Khuda-Bukhsh Anisur Rahman
Published: April 2024

Correction for ‘Nano-pelargonidin modulates p53/PARP/HSP 90/XRCC1 signaling axis to combat cypermethrin-induced genotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction in fish: a molecular docking predicted in vivo approach’ by Priyanka Sow et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3en00965c.
Easily constructed porous silver films for efficient catalytic CO2 reduction and Zn–CO2 batteries
Authors: Ding Junyang , Wei Tianran , Hou Tong , Liu Weijia , Liu Qian , Zhang Hao , Luo Jun , Liu Xijun
Published: April 2024

Porous silver films on a commercial carbon paper with a commercial waterproofer (p-Ag/CP) could be easily fabricated on a large scale and serve as efficient electrocatalysts as well as Zn–CO2 batteries for CO2 reduction to CO.
Nanostructured CeO2 photocatalysts: optimizing surface chemistry, morphology, and visible-light absorption
Authors: Herzog Austin E. , Michael Tara J. , Dunkelberger Adam D. , Johannes Michelle D. , Rolison Debra R. , DeSario Paul A. , Novak Travis G.
Published: April 2024

This review highlights the often-misunderstood physics of charge excitation and polaron formation in CeO2-based photocatalysts. We review strategies to control CeO2 morphology, surface chemistry, and visible-light absorption.
Green synthesis of polymer materials via enzyme- initiated RAFT polymerization
Authors: Kumar Sonu , Gaddala Raviteja , Thomas Sabu , Schumacher Joshua , Schönherr Holger
Published: April 2024

In this review, various strategies of enzyme-catalysed RAFT polymerization are discussed for the synthesis of sustainable and precision polymers via green polymer chemistry.
Poly(alditol sebacate)-PLA copolymers: enhanced degradability and tunable surface properties
Authors: Gazzotti Stefano , Hakkarainen Minna , Pagnacco Carlo Andrea , Manenti Marco , Silvani Alessandra , Farina Hermes , Arnaboldi Luca , Ortenzi Marco Aldo
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of aliphatic, degradable polyesters based on biobased alditols was investigated.
The conjugates of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine and hydroxycinnamic acids – synthesis, anti-pancreatic cancer activity and molecular docking studies
Authors: Cybulski Marcin , Zaremba-Czogalla Magdalena , Trzaskowski Bartosz , Kubiszewski Marek , Tobiasz Joanna , Jaromin Anna , Krzeczyński Piotr , Gubernator Jerzy , Michalak Olga
Published: April 2024

New conjugates 1–6 containing 5-dFCR and selected hydroxycinnamic acids were synthesized and tested in vitro against pancreatic cancer (PDAC) lines. The ADME properties and molecular docking to CES2 or human albumin were discussed.
Antioxidant-rich brilliant polymeric nanocomposites for quick and efficient non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor
Authors: Hashem M. S. , Magar Hend S. , Fahim Asmaa M. , Sobh Rokaya A.
Published: April 2024

New polymeric nanocomposites with metal oxide nanoparticles enhance electrical impedance ratings, offer energy storage and supercapacitors, and enable rapid creation of hydrogen peroxide sensors through microemulsion polymerization.
Grind, shine and detect: mechanochemical synthesis of AIE-active polyaromatic amide and its application as molecular receptor of monovalent anions or nucleotides
Authors: Cyniak Jakub S. , Kasprzak Artur
Published: April 2024

The mechanochemical synthesis of AIE-active amide, as well as the application of the title compound as molecular receptor of monovalent anions and nucleotides, are described.
Expression of concern: Facile route to synthesize Fe3O4@acacia–SO3H nanocomposite as a heterogeneous magnetic system for catalytic applications
Authors: Taheri-Ledari Reza , Esmaeili Mir Saeed , Varzi Zahra , Eivazzadeh-Keihan Reza , Maleki Ali , Shalan Ahmed Esmail
Published: April 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Facile route to synthesize Fe3O4@acacia–SO3H nanocomposite as a heterogeneous magnetic system for catalytic applications’ by Reza Taheri-Ledari et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 40055–40067, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA07986C.
Viologen-based solution-processable ionic porous polymers for electrochromic applications
Authors: Miao Hongya , Chen Ling , Xing Fangfang , Li Huijie , Baumgartner Thomas , He Xiaoming
Published: April 2024

A series of N-arylated viologens with terminal aldehyde groups has been synthesized. The new building blocks were successfully used to construct solution-processible, redox-active ionic porous polymers, for high-performance electrochromic films.
Optoelectronic insights of lead-free layered halide perovskites
Authors: Hazra Vishwadeepa , Mandal Arnab , Bhattacharyya Sayan
Published: April 2024

Lead-free layered halide perovskites, featuring adjustable inorganic octahedra linked by organic spacers, provide a versatile platform for numerous optoelectronic applications due to their structural diversity and electronic functionalities.
Photo-thermal synergistic CO2 hydrogenation towards CO over PtRh bimetal-decorated GaN nanowires/Si
Authors: Li Jinglin , Sheng Bowen , Qiu Liang , Yang Jiajia , Wang Ping , Li Yixin , Yu Tianqi , Pan Hu , Li Ying , Li Muhan , Zhu Lei , Wang Xinqiang , Huang Zhen , Zhou Baowen
Published: April 2024

Photo-thermal-synergistic hydrogenation is a promising strategy for upcycling carbon dioxide into fuels and chemicals by maximally utilizing full-spectrum solar energy.
Monolithic 3D nanoelectrospray emitters based on a continuous fluid-assisted etching strategy for glass droplet microfluidic chip-mass spectrometry
Authors: Guo Ziyang , Zhao Yingqi , Jin Zhao , Chang Yaran , Wang Xiayan , Guo Guangsheng , Zhao Yaoyao
Published: April 2024

A continuous fluid-assisted etching strategy was proposed for fabricating 3D nESI emitters monolithically integrated on glass microfluidic chips. The established glass droplet microfluidic chip-MS system could detect neurochemicals in pL droplets.
Two populations of protein molecules detected by small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS) in lyophilized protein:lyoprotector (disaccharide) systems
Authors: Cristiglio Viviana , Feng Shaoxin , Sztucki Michael , Yuan Xiaoda , Shalaev Evgenyi
Published: April 2024

Two protein interaction peaks are observed in pharmaceutically-relevant protein (serum albumin) : disaccharide 1 : 1 and 1 : 3 (w/w) freeze-dried systems for the first time.
Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles loaded with N-acetylcysteine for the modulation of neuroinflammatory biomarkers in human iPSC-derived PSEN2 (N141I) astrocytes as a model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Vargas-Barona Alondra , Bernáldez-Sarabia Johanna , Castro-Ceseña Ana B.
Published: April 2024

Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles loaded with N-acetyl cysteine reduced the expression of the proinflammatory genes IL-1β, APP, and GFAP, and the secretion of IL-6, IL-1β and INF-γ in human iPSC-derived PSEN2 (N141I) astrocytes, as a model of AD.
Traditional fault diagnosis methods for mineral oil‐immersed power transformer based on dissolved gas analysis: Past, present and future
Authors: Nanfak Arnaud , Samuel Eke , Fofana Issouf , Meghnefi Fethi , Ngaleu Martial Gildas , Hubert Kom Charles
Published: April 2024

A key factor in ensuring the efficient and safe operation of power transformers is the early and accurate diagnosis of incipient faults. Among the tools available to achieve this goal, dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is widely used by power transformers' maintenance professionals. It is a preventive maintenance tool, used for condition monitoring, fault diagnosis and unplanned outage prevention. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI), many intelligent‐based methods using AI tools have been proposed in the literature for DGA data interpretation. Although these methods achieve high diagnostic accuracies and improve DGA efficiency, they are generally complicated and the research documented in these publications is difficult to replicate. Traditional DGA‐based methods are simple, easy to understand and implement, and widely used by power transformers' maintenance professionals. Many methods proposed in recent years overcome the limitations of the pioneer methods and are increasingly effective. The authors present a detailed and comprehensive literature review of the traditional DGA‐based methods for mineral oil‐immersed power transformer faults diagnosis. This review also addresses ways to improve the efficiency of the available traditional methods. Some pitfalls that need to be taken into account to improve the efficiency of the DGA‐based diagnostic methods are also presented.
Statistics of magnification for extremely lensed high redshift stars
Authors: Palencia J. M. , Diego J. M. , Kavanagh B. J. , Martínez-Arrizabalaga J.
Published: April 2024

Microlensing of stars in strongly lensed galaxies can lead to temporary extreme magnification factors (μ> 1000), enabling their detection at high redshifts. Following the discovery of Icarus, several stars at cosmological distances (z > 1) have been observed using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This emerging field of gravitational lensing holds promise to study individual high redshift stars. It also offers the opportunity to study the substructure in the lens plane with implications for dark matter models, as more lensed stars are detected and analysed statistically. Due to the computational demands of simulating microlensing at large magnification factors, it is important to develop fast and accurate analytical approximations for the probability of magnification in such extreme scenarios. In this study, we consider different macro-model magnification and microlensing surface mass density scenarios and study how the probability of extreme magnification factors depends on these factors. To achieve this, we created state-of-the-art large simulations of the microlensing effect in these scenarios. Through the analysis of these simulations, we derived analytical scaling relationships that can bypass the need for expensive numerical simulations. Our results are useful to interpret current observations of stars at cosmic distances which are extremely magnified and under the influence of microlenses.
Joint analysis of JUICE and Europa Clipper tracking data to study the Jovian system ephemerides and dissipative parameters
Authors: Magnanini Andrea , Zannoni Marco , Casajus Luis Gomez , Tortora Paolo , Lainey Valery , Mazarico Erwan , Park Ryan S. , Iess Luciano
Published: April 2024

Context. Jupiter and its moons form a complex dynamical system that includes several coupling dynamics at different frequencies. In particular the Laplace resonance is fundamental to maintaining the energy dissipation that sustain Io’s volcanic activity and Europa’s subsurface ocean; studying its stability is thus crucial for characterizing the potential habitability of these moons. The origin and evolution of the Laplace resonance is driven by the strong tidal interactions between Jupiter and its Galilean moons, and the future planetary exploration missions JUICE and Europa Clipper could bring new light to this unsolved mechanism. During the Jupiter tours of both missions and JUICE’s Ganymede orbital phase, two-way radiometric range and Doppler data will be acquired between Earth ground stations and the spacecraft, which will be processed to recover the static and time-varying gravity field of the moons. Moreover, range and Doppler data will improve the orbit accuracy of the moons, providing precise measurements of Jupiter’s tidal parameters.

Aims. This work presents a covariance analysis of the joint orbit determination of JUICE and Europa Clipper, aimed at quantifying the expected uncertainties on the main parameters that characterize the dynamics of the Jupiter system.

Methods. We simulated radio science data from JUICE and Clipper missions under conservative noise assumptions, using a multi-arc approach to estimate the ephemerides and dissipation in the system.

Results. Even though JUICE and Europa Clipper will not perform flybys of Io, the strong coupling with Europa and Ganymede will allow an improvement of our knowledge of the Jupiter-Io dissipation parameters thanks to JUICE and Europa Clipper radiometric data. Moreover, the expected uncertainty in Jupiter’s dissipation at the frequency of Callisto could unveil a potential resonance locking mechanism between Jupiter and Callisto.
Faraday tomography of LoTSS-DR2 data
Authors: Erceg Ana , Jelić Vibor , Haverkorn Marijke , Bracco Andrea , Ceraj Lana , Turić Luka , Soler Juan D.
Published: April 2024

Context. We conducted a follow-up study on the analysis of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) mosaic in the high-latitude outer Galaxy presented in the first paper of this series. Here, we focus on the search for alignment between the magnetic field traced by dust, HI filaments, starlight optical linear polarisation, and linear depolarised structures (depolarisation canals) observed in low-frequency synchrotron polarisation. This alignment was previously found in several smaller fields observed with LOFAR, offering valuable insights into the nature of the interstellar medium and the 3D spatial distribution of the diffuse ionised medium.

Aims. We aim to determine whether the alignment of the interstellar medium (ISM) phases observed through multiple tracers is a common occurrence or an exception. Additionally, in areas where depolarisation canals align with the magnetic field, we use starlight polarisation to constrain the distance to the structures associated with the observed canals.

Methods. We employed the Rolling Hough Transform (RHT) and projected Rayleigh statistics (PRS) to identify and quantify the alignment between the different tracers. We used these tools to detect linear features in the data and quantify the significance of the orientation trends between pairs of tracers.

Results. On the scale of the whole mosaic, we did not find any evidence of a universal alignment among the three tracers. However, in one particular area, the western region (Dec between 29° and 70° and RA between 7h44m and 9h20m), we do find a significant alignment between the magnetic field, depolarisation canals, and HI filaments. Based on this alignment, we used the starlight polarisation of stars with known parallax distances to estimate that the minimum distance to the structures observed by LOFAR in this region lies within the range of 200 to 240 pc. We associate these structures with the edge of the Local Bubble.
Electrodiagnostic Biomarkers in Paraneoplastic Retinopathy
Authors: Gougoulakis Laura Sophie , Rothermundt Christian , Flynn Marie-Claire , Jörger Markus , Todorova Margarita G.
Published: April 2024

Objective Paraneoplastic retinopathy (PNR) is a rapid-onset photoreceptor and post-photoreceptor dysfunction triggered by a cross-reaction between antigens expressed by the underlying tumour and retinal proteins. The present study aims to determine the electrodiagnostic biomarkers that support the diagnosis of PNR and evaluate the effect of treatment.

Methods A retrospective observational case-controlled study including 25 patients with suspected PNR, of which 11 patients were diagnosed with PNR. The presence of PNR was confirmed based on clinical examination, supported by colour fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, retinal vessel oximetry, colour test, full-field electroretinogram (ffERG), on-/off ERG, S-cone ERG, and multifocal ERG (mfERG). The relationships between the clinical symptomatology and the effect of therapy were evaluated.

Results All PNR patients (Nr: 11) presented with subjective symptoms of newly reported central vision or visual field deterioration. Posterior segment findings showed a severe patchy-like retinal atrophy, attenuation of the retinal vessels, and a waxy optic disc. Optical coherence tomography revealed a discontinued ISe line, and multiple hyperreflective foci. Retinal vessel oxygen saturation was increased. Multifocal ERG revealed reduced central and paracentral responses and ffERG severely attenuated scotopic-, photopic-, on-/off- and S-cone responses. The colour vision test revealed a tritan-tetartan-weakness. Two of the PNR patients underwent rituximab therapy with no further progression and even recovery of electrodiagnostic responses.

In 1 nPNR (non-paraneoplastic retinopathy) patient (total Nr: 14) pseudoxanthoma elasticum-related retinopathy was the reason for impaired vision. In 3 of 13 patients with bronchopulmonary cancer a MEK- and FGFR-inhibitor- drug toxicity was the reason for the visual deterioration.

Conclusion Careful investigation for signs of central and/or peripheral visual field deterioration must be performed in the presence of history of a co-existing malignancy. The possibility of PNR should be taken into account. The electrodiagnostic biomarkers, suggested in this study, may help to promptly recognise PNR and also to evaluate the effect of implemented therapy.
Versorgungsmethoden der Femurfraktur
Authors: Lienau Florian
Published: April 2024

Es gibt zahlreiche Arten, Klassifikationen und Versorgungsmethoden der Femurfraktur. Im CNE Schwerpunkt stellen wir Ihnen die wichtigsten vor: von der AO-Klassifikation sowie den Klassifikationen nach Pauwels und Garden über die Schrauben-, Platten- und Marknagelosteosynthese bis hin zur dynamischen Hüftschraube und Endoprothese.
Nachhaltigkeit im OP
Authors: Obergfell Linda , Drexler Berthold , Schiemann Sarah
Published: April 2024

Treibhausgase, erneuerbare Energien, Recycling, CO2-Fußabdruck, Umweltschutz, Nachhaltigkeit – diese Schlagwörter fallen tagtäglich in den Medien. Doch welchen Anteil hat der Gesundheitssektor an den Umweltbelastungen? Exemplarisch wird dies anhand der Müllmengen dargestellt, die bei TAVI und konventionell-chirurgischem Aortenklappenersatz anfallen. Zudem werden beispielhafte Alternativen vorgestellt, wie sich Müll im OP und damit Umweltbelastungen reduzieren lassen.
Krankenhäuser zwischen Bedarfs-, Effizienz- und
Qualitätsparadigma
Authors: Schmid Andreas
Published: April 2024

Die dem Krankenhaussektor in den nächsten Jahren bevorstehenden Herausforderungen
sind wesentlich durch Knappheit an Ressourcen – personell wie finanziell –
geprägt. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, welcher Art die gesundheitspolitischen
Interventionen der letzten Jahre waren und analysiert, inwiefern diese Teil der
Lösung oder eher Teil des Problems sind. Als Beispiel dienen die
Pflegepersonaluntergrenzen sowie das Pflegebudget. Es wird gefolgert, dass eine
stark an Strukturvorgaben ansetzende Politik kontraproduktiv ist und weder
Bedarfsgerechtigkeit noch Effizienz- und Qualitätsziele damit erreicht werden.
Als Alternative wird ein gezielter Rückbau von Strukturvorgaben und eine
stärkere Orientierung an erzielten Ergebnissen skizziert.
Glaukompatient mit Verdacht auf Flammer-Syndrom: diagnostische Schritte und therapeutische Konsequenzen
Authors: Konieczka Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

Entwickelt sich ein Glaukomschaden trotz eines völlig normalen Augendruckes oder schreitet der Schaden trotz gut eingestellten Augendruckes weiter voran, dann finden wir meist andere Risikofaktoren. Eine wichtige Gruppe sind die vaskulären Faktoren. Dabei sollten wir uns nicht nur auf die klassischen Risikofaktoren der Arteriosklerose, wie die arterielle Hypertonie oder die Dyslipidämie fokussieren, sondern auch auf Fehlregulationen der Durchblutung, insbesondere auf die primäre vaskuläre Dysregulation (PVD). Ein tiefer Blutdruck, jetzt oder in der Jugend, ein niedriger Body-Mass-Index oder oft kalte Hände und Füße geben wichtige Hinweise. Sehr oft ist eine PVD gekoppelt mit einer Reihe von anderen Symptomen und Zeichen, dann sprechen wir von einem Flammer-Syndrom (FS). Bei Hinweisen auf ein FS machen wir eine gezielte Anamnese, eine 24-h-Blutdruckmessung, eine Messung des retinalen Venendruckes, eine dynamische retinale Gefäßanalyse oder eine Nagelfalz-Kapillarmikroskopie.
Das empfiehlt sich insbesondere dann, wenn der Patient noch relativ jung ist oder der Schaden rasch fortschreitet. Erhärtet sich der Verdacht, dann versuchen wir, die Blutdruckabfälle zu vermindern, den retinalen Venendruck zu senken, die Regulation der Durchblutung zu verbessern und den oxidativen Stress in den Mitochondrien zu reduzieren.
Neuro-urologische Diagnostik und Therapie nicht traumatischer/degenerativ bedingter neurogener Dysfunktion des unteren Harntraktes am Beispiel der Multiplen Sklerose
Authors: Kurze Ines , Jaekel Anke K.
Published: April 2024

Die neurogene Dysfunktion des unteren Harntrakts bei Multipler Sklerose wird häufig
unterschätzt, unterdiagnostiziert und unzureichend behandelt. Sie tritt in Abhängigkeit vom
Krankheitsverlauf und der Lokalisation der nervalen Schädigung in unterschiedlicher Häufigkeit
und in Form verschiedenster Störungen von Harnspeicherung und Harnentleerung auf. Symptome wie
Harninkontinenz, rezidivierende Harnwegsinfektionen, Drangsymptomatik, Pollakisurie,
abgeschwächter Harnstrahl, Startverzögerung sowie Restharnbildung sind möglich. Jedoch erlaubt
die Symptomatik keinen Rückschluss auf die zugrunde liegende Art der neurogenen Dysfunktion
des unteren Harntrakts.

Zwar liegen heute zahlreiche Daten, Publikationen und Leitlinien zu diesem Thema vor;
einheitliche, in prospektiven Studien überprüfte Screeningparameter und Algorithmen stehen für
die Multiple Sklerose jedoch aus.

Diese Übersicht stellt die aktuellen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Möglichkeiten der
neurogenen Dysfunktion des unteren Harntrakts bei Multipler Sklerose dar. Problematisch ist
hierbei die initial deutlich verzögerte Diagnosestellung, welche nicht zuletzt auf eine
mangelnde Kommunikation zwischen Neurolog/innen und Urolog/innen zurückzuführen ist. Erste
Hinweise auf das Vorhandensein einer neurogenen Dysfunktion des unteren Harntrakts ergeben
sich aus aktivem Fragen nach subjektivem Vorhandensein von Symptomen wie Harninkontinenz oder
Auftreten von Harnwegsinfekten. Allerdings schließt eine subjektive Symptomlosigkeit eine
neurogene Dysfunktion des unteren Harntrakts nicht aus.

Unabhängig vom Krankheitsstadium soll frühzeitig und individualisiert eine
neuro-urologische Diagnostik und Therapie erfolgen. Bei der neuro-urologischen
Therapieentscheidung sind alle Schädigungsaspekte und der Umfang der Funktionsdefizite anderer
Organsysteme im Rahmen der Grunderkrankung der Multiplen Sklerose zu berücksichtigen.

Letztlich ist der enge und konsequente interdisziplinäre Austausch zwischen Neurologie,
Allgemeinmedizin und Urologie unerlässlich. Dieses interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle
Denken und Handeln ist Voraussetzung, um die zahlreichen konservativen und invasiven
therapeutischen Maßnahmen optimal zur Anwendung bringen zu können. Eine lebenslange,
individuelle, risikoadaptierte urologische Betreuung zur Früherkennung und Prävention
neuro-urologischer Komplikationen soll Betroffenen mit Multipler Sklerose angeboten werden.