bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of Zambia’s expansive Inter-agency Coordinating Committee (ICC) in supporting evidence-based vaccine and health sector programming
Authors: Sakas Zoe , Rodriguez Katie , Hester Kyra A. , Darwar Roopa , Dounebaine Bonheur , Ellis Anna S. , Rosenblum Simone , Isett Kimberley R. , Orenstein Walter , Freeman Matthew C. , Kilembe William , Bednarczyk Robert A.
Published: May 2024

New vaccines, technologies, and regulations, alongside increased demand for vaccines, all require prioritization and coordination from key players within the vaccine sector. Inter-agency Coordinating Committees (ICC) support decision-making and coordination at the national-level and act as key drivers for sustainable improvements in vaccination programming. We utilized a previous qualitative case study, which investigated critical success factors for high routine immunization coverage in Zambia from 2000–2018, specifically to study the Zambian ICC. Qualitative data were collected between October 2019 and February 2020, including key informant interviews (n = 66) at the national, provincial, district, and health facility levels. Thematic analysis was applied to understand the role of the Zambian ICC and its impact on the policy environment over time. Within our study period, the ICC demonstrated the following improvements: 1) expanded membership to include diverse representation; 2) expanded scope and mandate to include maternal and child health in decision-making; and 3) distinct roles for collaboration with the Zambia Immunization Technical Advisory Group (ZITAG). The diverse and expansive membership of the Zambian ICC, along with its ability to foster government commitment and lobby for additional resources, supported improvements in immunization programming. The Zambian ICC holds considerable influence on government agencies and external partners, which facilitates procurement of funding, policy decisions, and strategic planning.
Photobiomodulation mitigates Bothrops jararacussu venom-induced damage in myoblast cells by enhancing myogenic factors and reducing cytokine production
Authors: Silva Luciana Miato Gonçalves , Gouveia Viviane Almeida , Campos Gabriela Russo Soeiro , Dale Camila Squarzone , da Palma Renata Kelly , de Oliveira Ana Paula Ligeiro , Marcos Rodrigo Labat , Duran Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez , Cogo José Carlos , Silva Junior José Antônio , Zamuner Stella Regina
Published: May 2024

Background

Photobiomodulation has exhibited promise in mitigating the local effects induced by Bothrops snakebite envenoming; however, the mechanisms underlying this protection are not yet fully understood. Herein, the effectiveness of photobiomodulation effects on regenerative response of C2C12 myoblast cells following exposure to Bothrops jararacussu venom (BjsuV), as well as the mechanisms involved was investigated.

Methodology/Principal findings

C2C12 myoblast cells were exposed to BjsuV (12.5 μg/mL) and irradiated once for 10 seconds with laser light of 660 nm (14.08 mW; 0.04 cm2; 352 mW/cm2) or 780 nm (17.6 mW; 0.04 cm2; 440 mW/ cm2) to provide energy densities of 3.52 and 4.4 J/cm2, and total energies of 0.1408 and 0.176 J, respectively. Cell migration was assessed through a wound-healing assay. The expression of MAPK p38-α, NF-Кβ, Myf5, Pax-7, MyoD, and myogenin proteins were assessed by western blotting analysis. In addition, interleukin IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-alfa and IL-10 levels were measured in the supernatant by ELISA. The PBM applied to C2C12 cells exposed to BjsuV promoted cell migration, increase the expression of myogenic factors (Pax7, MyF5, MyoD and myogenin), reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-alfa, and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In addition, PBM downregulates the expression of NF-kB, and had no effect on p38 MAKP.

Conclusion/Significance

These data demonstrated that protection of the muscle cell by PBM seems to be related to the increase of myogenic factors as well as the modulation of inflammatory mediators. PBM therapy may offer a new therapeutic strategy to address the local effects of snakebite envenoming by promoting muscle regeneration and reducing the inflammatory process.
Acid-treated Staphylococcus aureus induces acute silkworm hemolymph melanization
Authors: Matsumoto Yasuhiko , Sato Eri , Sugita Takashi
Published: May 2024

The skin microbiome maintains healthy human skin, and disruption of the microbiome balance leads to inflammatory skin diseases such as folliculitis and atopic dermatitis. Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes are pathogenic bacteria that simultaneously inhabit the skin and cause inflammatory diseases of the skin through the activation of innate immune responses. Silkworms are useful invertebrate animal models for evaluating innate immune responses. In silkworms, phenoloxidase generates melanin as an indicator of innate immune activation upon the recognition of bacterial or fungal components. We hypothesized that S. aureus and C. acnes interact to increase the innate immunity-activating properties of S. aureus. In the present study, we showed that acidification is involved in the activation of silkworm hemolymph melanization by S. aureus. Autoclaved-killed S. aureus (S. aureus [AC]) alone does not greatly activate silkworm hemolymph melanization. On the other hand, applying S. aureus [AC] treated with C. acnes culture supernatant increased the silkworm hemolymph melanization. Adding C. acnes culture supernatant to the medium decreased the pH. S. aureus [AC] treated with propionic acid, acetic acid, or lactic acid induced higher silkworm hemolymph melanization activity than untreated S. aureus [AC]. S. aureus [AC] treated with hydrochloric acid also induced silkworm hemolymph melanization. The silkworm hemolymph melanization activity of S. aureus [AC] treated with hydrochloric acid was inhibited by protease treatment of S. aureus [AC]. These results suggest that acid treatment of S. aureus induces innate immune activation in silkworms and that S. aureus proteins are involved in the induction of innate immunity in silkworms.
Solution of time-fractional gas dynamics equation using Elzaki decomposition method with Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative
Authors: Sadaf Maasoomah , Perveen Zahida , Akram Ghazala , Habiba Ume , Abbas Muhammad , Emadifar Homan
Published: May 2024

In this article, Elzaki decomposition method (EDM) has been applied to approximate the analytical solution of the time-fractional gas-dynamics equation. The time-fractional derivative is used in the Caputo-Fabrizio sense. The proposed method is implemented on homogenous and non-homogenous cases of the time-fractional gas-dynamics equation. A comparison between the exact and approximate solutions is also provided to show the validity and accuracy of the technique. A graphical representation of all the retrieved solutions is shown for different values of the fractional parameter. The time development of all solutions is also represented in 2D graphs. The obtained results may help understand the physical systems governed by the gas-dynamics equation.
How to choose a design thinking method for teaching the design of localization: A two-dimension linguistic fuzzy model with two-tuples
Authors: Fu You-Lei , Zheng Linxin , Liang Kuei-Chia , Dai Ruoqi
Published: May 2024

There are many different types of scientific design thinking methods, but it is necessary to evaluate the applicability of the methods to the components of the design teaching curriculum in universities. Therefore, this study assesses the applicability of design thinking in terms of “design practice” and “locality” based on the local design education philosophy and the characteristics of the students and courses. A two-dimensional linguistic fuzzy model with two-tuples was proposed, and the assessment values of 36 experts were statistically analysed using the Delphi, triangular fuzzy number, Euclidean distance, two-dimension linguistic label (2DLL), and two-dimensional linguistic weighted arithmetic aggregation (2DLWAA) methods. The results highlighted the 12 categories of design thinking methods that are most applicable to teaching and learning, indicating the basic views of university design faculty on the application of design thinking methods. Finally, the new design teaching methods have been validated and constructed through years of teaching practice, and have some reference value for teaching design courses in universities.
Study protocol for Hear Me Read (HMR): A prospective clinical trial assessing a digital storybook intervention for young children who are deaf or hard of hearing
Authors: Miller Chenelle , Boone Kelly M. , Pattisapu Prasanth , Malhotra Prashant
Published: May 2024

Since the early 2000’s, digital reading applications have enhanced the language and literacy skills of typically hearing young children; however, no digital storybook intervention currently exists to scaffold the early language and literacy skills of their peers who are deaf or hard of hearing. To address this gap, our research team developed a novel digital storybook intervention called Hear Me Read with the aim of enhancing the therapeutic, language, and literacy benefits of speech-language therapy. This prospective clinical trial (registered at clinicaltrials.gov, NCT#: 05245799) aims to determine the efficacy of adding Hear Me Read to in-person speech-language therapy for children aged three to five years who are deaf or hard of hearing. Fifty caregivers, their child, and their child’s treating speech-language pathologist participate in the trial for 12 months. In the first six months, children attend standard-of-care speech-language therapy sessions. In the second six months, children continue to attend standard-of-care speech-language therapy sessions and use the Hear Me Read application, via a study supplied iPad. The primary outcome of this trial is that, compared to in-person speech-language therapy alone, in-person speech-language therapy with Hear Me Read will improve vocabulary, speech, and language outcomes in children aged three to five years who are deaf or hard of hearing. The secondary outcome is that, compared to in-person speech-language therapy alone, in-person speech-language therapy with Hear Me Read will improve literacy outcomes in children aged three to five years who are deaf or hard of hearing. The goal of this intervention is to help children who are deaf or hard of hearing achieve their vocabulary, speech, language, and literacy goals through interactive digital storybook reading.
Graphical analysis of agent-based opinion formation models
Authors: Devia Carlos Andrés , Giordano Giulia
Published: May 2024

Agent-based models of opinion formation are becoming increasingly complex, because of their size and of the embedding of several individual psychological traits of the agents, aimed at realistically capturing the multifaceted aspects of social interaction. Therefore, the characterisation of the model properties mostly relies on simulation-based numerical approaches: more techniques are needed to analyse, contrast, and compare the properties of different models. We propose a novel graphical technique, which relies on the Agreement Plot to visualise the evolution of opinion distributions over time, that allows us to unveil behavioural patterns and capabilities of agent-based opinion formation models. Our proposed approach can be used to characterise the relation between global properties of the model evolution and the model features (initial opinion distributions, agent parameters, underlying digraphs), and is here showcased through its application to both seminal and recently proposed opinion formation models.
Research on parameterized modeling and mechanical characteristics of shearer cables
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Zhang Haining , Gao Feng , Yang Shijie
Published: May 2024

Shearer cables, subjected to large deformations and exposed to harsh working conditions during frequent back-and-forth movements, pose difficulties in achieving comprehensive mechanical performance and extended fatigue life. This study addresses parametric modeling challenges related to determining tangency within and between layers, recursively generating spiral curves from the (n-1)-th level to the n-th level, and constructing irregular surfaces for insulation and sheath. Investigating tensile and bending properties, the research explores the impact of varying pitch diameter ratios at different stranding levels, stranding directions, and monofilaments on mechanical performance across scales. The results reveal a nonlinear increase in stress in power and control conductors with growing pitch diameter ratios. The optimal combination is determined as a pitch diameter ratio of 6 for cabling, 5 for the control conductor, and 14 for the power conductor. The predicted fatigue life of the improved cable by Ncode aligns with bending test results, demonstrating functionality up to 15.12e4 cycles. Stress distribution in parallel stranding is lower and more even, tending to scatter. Conversely, counter stranding experiences relatively higher stress, ensuring a more stable structure. While maintaining a constant effective conductor cross-sectional area, finer monofilaments result in higher cross-sectional filling ratios, enhancing tensile and bending performance.
Adults’ spatial scaling of tactile maps: Insights from studying sighted, early and late blind individuals
Authors: Szubielska Magdalena , Szewczyk Marta , Augustynowicz Paweł , Kędziora Wojciech , Möhring Wenke
Published: May 2024

The current study investigated spatial scaling of tactile maps among blind adults and blindfolded sighted controls. We were specifically interested in identifying spatial scaling strategies as well as effects of different scaling directions (up versus down) on participants’ performance. To this aim, we asked late blind participants (with visual memory, Experiment 1) and early blind participants (without visual memory, Experiment 2) as well as sighted blindfolded controls to encode a map including a target and to place a response disc at the same spot on an empty, constant-sized referent space. Maps had five different sizes resulting in five scaling factors (1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1), allowing to investigate different scaling directions (up and down) in a single, comprehensive design. Accuracy and speed of learning about the target location as well as responding served as dependent variables. We hypothesized that participants who can use visual mental representations (i.e., late blind and blindfolded sighted participants) may adopt mental transformation scaling strategies. However, our results did not support this hypothesis. At the same time, we predicted the usage of relative distance scaling strategies in early blind participants, which was supported by our findings. Moreover, our results suggested that tactile maps can be scaled as accurately and even faster by blind participants than by sighted participants. Furthermore, irrespective of the visual status, participants of each visual status group gravitated their responses towards the center of the space. Overall, it seems that a lack of visual imagery does not impair early blind adults’ spatial scaling ability but causes them to use a different strategy than sighted and late blind individuals.
Who are the best passing players in professional soccer? A machine learning approach for classifying passes with different levels of difficulty and discriminating the best passing players
Authors: Merlin Murilo , Pinto Allan , Moura Felipe Arruda , Torres Ricardo da Silva , Cunha Sergio Augusto
Published: May 2024

The present study aimed to assess the use of technical-tactical variables and machine learning (ML) classifiers in the automatic classification of the passing difficulty (DP) level in soccer matches and to illustrate the use of the model with the best performance to distinguish the best passing players. We compared eight ML classifiers according to their accuracy performance in classifying passing events using 35 technical-tactical variables based on spatiotemporal data. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm achieved a balanced accuracy of 0.70 ± 0.04%, considering a multi-class classification. Next, we illustrate the use of the best-performing classifier in the assessment of players. In our study, 2,522 pass actions were classified by the SVM algorithm as low (53.9%), medium (23.6%), and high difficulty passes (22.5%). Furthermore, we used successful rates in low-DP, medium-DP, and high-DP as inputs for principal component analysis (PCA). The first principal component (PC1) showed a higher correlation with high-DP (0.80), followed by medium-DP (0.73), and low-DP accuracy (0.24). The PC1 scores were used to rank the best passing players. This information can be a very rich performance indication by ranking the best passing players and teams and can be applied in offensive sequences analysis and talent identification.
Hydroformylation of Terminal Alkenes with in situ Generation of Syngas using Schiff Base Palladium Complex under Microwave and Conventional Heating
Authors: Prakash D. , Pant B. , Sagar P.
Published: May 2024

Hydroformylation of alkenes and alkynes without syngas is preferred for obtaining valuable aldehydes with 100% atom economy using widely available components. Regarding selectivity, atom economy and energy efficiency, microwave-promoted catalytic hydroformylation reactions are the substitutes for conventional techniques. This is compatible with an increasing demand for more environmentally friendly industrial processes. In present work, Schiff base palladium complexes were utilized as catalysts for the hydroformylation of terminal alkenes using glyoxylic acid and formaldehyde as sources of CO and H2. Highly regio- and chemoselective olefin to aldehyde transfer hydroformylation of organic substrate in terminal unsaturated C-C bonds with microwave assistance in situ generation of syngas condition. Additionally, eight entries were hydroformylated to the linear aldehyde utilizing a palladium complex containing (E)-4-((4-nitrobenzylidene)-amino)phenol ligand under microwave and conventional heating, resulting in very high regioselectivity (l/b). Without CO and H2 cylinders, this proposed approach produced aldehydes with a 93% yield and excellent regioselectivity. Hydroformylation of terminal alkene, when carried out with palladium catalyst using glyoxylic acid as a source of CO and H2 and microwave-irradiated for 18-20 min at 160 ºC, led to the formation of the corresponding aldehyde without the formation of isomerized alkenes. During the hydroformylation process, the use of microwave and conventional heating techniques were compared and differentiated. The results demonstrated that microwave heating requires significantly lower temperatures and offers higher yields than traditional heating.
Research Trends of e-Health Literacy in Korea: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Haejin , Yu Juyoun
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to understand the trends in domestic research on e-Health literacy which is considered a key strategy for achieving health equity, and to propose future practical research directions related to e-Health literacy. The research methodology employed a scoping review based on the methodological framework of Arskey & O'Malley. Six electronic databases were utilized to target domestic research published until June 2023, and 63 studies were analysed. The results indicated an increasing trend in domestic research on e-Health literacy since 2010, with a focus on quantitative research designs and studies targeting the adult population. E-Health literacy was predominantly measured using a modified version of Norman & Skinner's eHEALS. The most frequently cited related variables included age, educational level, and economic status. Health behaviors were confirmed as a major outcome variable influenced by e-Health literacy. To promote health behavior and health equity, future research should focus on e-Health literacy capabilities and health information vulnerable populations such as the elderly and multicultural groups.
A Study on the Lives of Non-college Youth: Korean Youth Leading Invisible Lives
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ryu Jeong
Published: May 2024

This study is an qualitative research to understand not only the characteristics of personal lives but also the social alienation and difficulties of adaptation of non-college youth. As a result of thematic analysis, it was divided into past, present, and future. The past is the opportunity that led them to choose non-college, and with this opportunity, they began to live an invisible life in the present, and plan the future with the lives of non-college youth were analyzed by dividing them into the past, which was the reason for choosing non-college, focusing on the present when they felt invisible and alienated, and the future with hopes and expectations for the future. Non-college youth have ended up living a life without attending college, either voluntarily or involuntarily. It was confirmed that they were feeling alienated in many aspects, such as ‘difficulty in addressing,’ ‘lack of psychological resources,’ ‘alienation from society,’ ‘institutional/policy alienation.’ Non-college youth did not become complacent due to realistic difficulties. They have a high demand for long-term, regular learning and hop for solidarity with their peers. Detailed attention and institutional protection from society is needed so that non-college youth can live as members in Korea.
Analyzing the Risk Management of Urban Railway Crowd Accident
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Mun Bo Gyeong , Lee Jae Eun
Published: May 2024

This study aims to apply the Swiss Cheese Model to reduce the likelihood of crowd accidents on urban railways and to design measures that minimize damage when accidents occur. It examines various aspects from the initial concept of urban railways through to their design and operation, including laws and regulations, operational methods of responsible organizations, public awareness, and structural capabilities. The investigation includes analyzing variable relationships via confirmatory factor analysis and evaluating how five key areas influence crowd accident risks using multiple regression analysis. Findings suggest that the architectural design of stations and trains, the operational policies of railway entities, governmental traffic management strategies, the promotion of safety consciousness among citizens, and the preparedness for emergency situations collectively play a crucial role in managing these risks. Factors like the planning of train and platform capacities, effective risk communication by organizations, enhancing public risk awareness, and encouraging acts of kindness significantly contribute to mitigating crowd accident risks.
Polymorphism of BGN gene (g.77807325 G>C) and its association with fatty acid and carcass characteristics of Indonesian meat lamb
Authors: Amin M. F. , Sumantri C. , Arief I. I. , Jayanegara A. , Listyarini K. , Harahap R. S. , Gunawan A.
Published: May 2024

Fatty acid content and carcass characteristics are two meat quality traits consumers choose to ob tain healthy and high-quality lamb. Genetic improvement of fatty acid content and carcass characteris tics in sheep is important to increase the public appeal of lamb meat. The Biglycan gene (BGN) is a gene that functions to regulate the growth and maintenance of connective tissues, such as bone and cartilage. This study examined the polymorphism of the BGN gene to get a deeper understanding of the correlation between fatty acid content and carcass traits in Indonesian sheep. The PCR-RFLP ap proach was used to detect polymorphism in the BGN gene in meat samples obtained from the longissi mus dorsi region of 115 rams aged between 10 and 12 months. The General Linear Model (GLM) was used test to analyze genotyping through association studies between genotypes and phenotypic attrib utes. The results indicated that the carcass' fatty acid composition, including tridecanoic acid (C13:0), arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), as well as the BGN gene with SNP point g. 77807325 G>C (GG and CC genotypes), were significantly (P<0.05) related to these traits. Genotype GG was more associated with carcass percentage traits than other genotypes, whereas genotype CC was best associated with carcass length traits. The BGN gene with SNP point g. 77807325 G>C can be a potential genetic marker for selecting fatty acid (tridecanoic acid C13:0), pol yunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), arachidonic acid), carcass percentage, and carcass length in sheep meat in Indonesia.
„Cizí“ jako „naše“? Poznámky k bytí české básně v překladu do českého znakového jazyka
Authors: Macurová Alena , Hynková Dingová Naďa
Published: May 2024

The text asks questions about the extent to which the otherness of the language into which it is translated (Czech sign language), the otherness of communication in this language, and the otherness of the culture of the Czech Deaf, or the otherness of the socio-cultural traditions/norms of the Czech Deaf community, enter into the interlingual translation of an artistic text, the Czech poem Husy by Miroslav Holub. The four translations of Holub’s poem demonstrate a commitment to the minority “our” rather then a commitment to the majority “foreign”: neither the author of the source text nor its title is mentioned in the translations (neither the author nor the title is articulated in the original poems in Czech sign language), and the translated poem thus enters into a different context than its original (not into a relationship with the author of the source text and his work, but into a relationship with the translator and also the producer of the translation). Translations of poems are also linked to original artistic works in Czech sign language by the specificity of the act of not/publishing them (neither original artistic texts nor translations of artistic texts are regularly published). Last but not least, the link to minority “ours” is given by the emphasis on the expressive, immediately sensory accessible aspects of the text, which carries an aesthetic function: by the emphasis on the use of such non-verbal means anchored in non-manual behaviour, which do not carry intellectual meanings, but which do have an “effect”. All of these different practices, means and procedures contribute to the function of translations to demonstrate the ability of Czech sign language to function in the sphere of literary communication and thus to self-validate “our” deaf culture and identity – translations can thus (in addition to the aesthetic value carried by the emphasis on expression) also be attributed a value that is in a way political.
Ústav translatologie od roku 2022 po současnost: rozhovor s dr. Svobodou
Authors: Králová Jana
Published: May 2024

Ústav translatologie od roku 2022 po současnost: dr. Tomáše Svobody se ptala prof. Jana Králová
A Low-Molecular-Weight Dialysable Leukocyte Extract Selectively Enhances Development of CD4+RORγt+ T Cells and IL-17 Production
Authors: Zajícová A. , Javorková E. , Trošan P. , Chudíčková M. , Krulová M. , Holáň Vladimír
Published: May 2024

A low-molecular-weight (under 10 kDa) dialysable leukocyte extract (called transfer factor, TF) has been shown to be a prospective substance to improve or modulate immune response in autoimmunity, inflammation, infectious diseases or cancers. However, the use of TF has been limited by the absence of any data on the mechanism of its action. Here we show that TF prepared from peripheral blood leukocytes of healthy human donors displays multiple regulatory effects on individual parameters of the immune system. TF decreases proliferation of T and B lymphocytes and partially alters the production of cytokines and nitric oxide by activated macrophages. TF also inhibits production of T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon γ, slightly stimulates production of Th2 cytokine IL-10 and considerably enhances the secretion of IL-17 by activated mouse spleen T cells. At the molecular level, TF enhances expression of genes for transcription factor RORγt and for IL-17. The enhanced expression of theRORgtgene corresponds with an increase in the number of RORγt+CD4+Th17 cells and with enhanced IL-17 production. In contrast, the expression of theFoxp3gene and the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T cells are not significantly changed in the presence of TF. These results suggest that the activation of pro-inflammatory Th17 cells, which have multiple immunoregulatory properties, could be the main mechanism of the immunomodulatory action of a low-molecular-weight leukocyte extract.
An improved multi-objective firefly algorithm for integrated scheduling approach in manufacturing and assembly considering time-sharing step tariff
Authors: Xu E.B. , Zou F.F. , Shan P.P. , Wang Z.Y. , Shi B.X.
Published: May 2024

Today, energy conservation and reduction of consumption are crucial concerns for manufacturing companies. Current research on integrated scheduling of processing and assembly typically focuses only on equipment resources and processing and assembly processes. A new method for energy-saving integrated scheduling in workshops has been proposed, which incorporates the recently introduced time-of-use tiered electricity prices into the scheduling optimization model. This method also introduces an operation strategy of turning equipment on and off during idle periods. A multi-objective mathematical model was developed to minimize energy consumption and assembly delay time in the processing and assembly processes. Due to the complexity of the model, the standard firefly algorithm was improved when used to solve the model. This involved designing a three-layer encoding method and two decoding methods, and providing detailed steps of the algorithm. Using a mixed flow production line as an example, the final scheduling solutions were obtained through model construction and algorithm solving, taking into account the tiered electricity price. The results of the example demonstrate that parallel processing and assembly effectively reduce assembly delay costs, and the implementation of the on/off strategy reduces power consumption during the machining process.
P-Shapley: Shapley Values on Probabilistic Classifiers
Authors: Xia Haocheng , Li Xiang , Pang Junyuan , Liu Jinfei , Ren Kui , Xiong Li
Published: May 2024

The Shapley value provides a unique approach to equitably gauge each player's contribution within a coalition and has extensive applications with various utility functions. In data valuation for machine learning, particularly for classification tasks, using classification accuracy as the utility function has become a de facto standard. However, accuracy can be an imprecise metric, potentially missing finer details crucial for valuation. In this paper, we propose the probability-based Shapley (P-Shapley) value, which leverages predicted probabilities to heighten utility differentiation. Several convex calibration functions are further incorporated for probability calibration. We prove that the P-Shapley value outperforms Shapley values based on accuracy or other coarse metrics in approximation stability and the discrimination of marginal utility change can be further improved by convex calibration functions. Extensive experiments on four real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches.
Der Berg ruft und ein Reiseunternehmen will geführt sein, wo steckt der Fehlerteufel? Ein Interview mit Markus Walter
Authors: Walter Markus , Seeliger Frank
Published: May 2024

Mit dem zweiten Beitrag aus Dresden zum Thema Fehlerkultur liegt, anders als in den drei weiteren Interviews, die Leitungsverantwortung der interviewten Person bezüglich einer forschenden und/oder serviceorientierten Informationseinrichtung nicht vor. Markus Walter steht mit zwei Partnern in der Verantwortung für ein Reiseunternehmen und eigene hochanspruchsvolle, hochalpine Reisetouren. Als sein eigenes Fazit formulierte Walter am Ende des Interviews am 8. Juni 2023: „Man muss immer unterscheiden zwischen Fehlern, die man machen darf – ja, und die muss man auch bewusst zulassen, weil man vor allem aus Fehlern auch ganz viel lernt – und Fehlern, die man nicht machen darf.“
QC Constellation: a cutting-edge solution for risk and patient-based quality control in clinical laboratories
Authors: Çubukçu Hikmet Can
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Clinical laboratories face limitations in implementing advanced quality control (QC) methods with existing systems. This study aimed to develop a web-based application to addresses this gap, and improve QC practices.

Methods

QC Constellation, a web application built using Python 3.11, integrates various statistical QC modules. These include Levey-Jennings charts with Westgard rules, sigma-metric calculations, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts, and method decision charts. Additionally, it offers a risk-based QC section and a patient-based QC module aligning with modern QC practices. The codes and the web application links for QC Constellation were shared at https://github.com/hikmetc/QC_Constellation, and http://qcconstellation.com, respectively.

Results

Using synthetic data, QC Constellation demonstrated effective implementation of Levey-Jennings charts with user-friendly features like checkboxes for Westgard rules and customizable moving averages graphs. Sigma-metric calculations for hypothetical performance values of serum total cholesterol were successfully performed using allowable total error and maximum allowable measurement uncertainty goals, and displayed on method decision charts. The utility of the risk-based QC module was exemplified by assessing QC plans for serum total cholesterol, showcasing the application’s capability in calculating risk-based QC parameters including maximum unreliable final patient results, risk management index, and maximum run size and offering risk-based QC recommendations. Similarly, the patient-based QC and optimization modules were demonstrated using simulated sodium results.

Conclusions

In conclusion, QC Constellation emerges as a pivotal tool for laboratory professionals, streamlining the management of quality control and analytical performance monitoring, while enhancing patient safety through optimized QC processes.
A robust segmentation method combined with classification algorithms for field-based diagnosis of maize plant phytosanitary state
Authors: Tchokogoué Thierry , Noumsi Auguste Vigny , Atemkeng Marcellin , Fonkou Michèle Flore Yimga , Fono Louis Aimé
Published: May 2024

Early diagnosis of maize-plant phytosanitary state in the field is crucial to prevent crop damage and optimize yield. However, this field diagnosis presents a challenge due to the variable background of the field environment, which can hinder the performance of classification algorithms. In this article, we introduced a novel segmentation technique using a combined normalized difference vegetation index that effectively isolates the features of interest, such as the leaves, from the surrounding image, which includes the diverse field background. To assess the effectiveness of our segmentation approach, we conducted early diagnosis of maize plants in the field using supervised classification algorithms. We generated a dataset that incorporated four essential texture features: energy, entropy, contrast, and inverse. These features were extracted from each of the segmented images using grayscale co-occurrence matrices. We employed four different classification methods, namely Adaboost, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, and support vector machine. When combined with the proposed segmentation technique, the support vector machine outperformed the other models, achieving an accuracy rate of 97%.
Early juvenile cataract in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients: a description of two cases
Authors: Wu Shimin , Yan Xiaoqin , Wu Wei , Hou Ling , Liang Yan , Luo Xiaoping
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To analyze and summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment of juvenile patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) complicated by early cataract.

Case presentation

This retrospective study collected clinical data from 210 children and adolescents newly diagnosed with T1DM who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital (Wuhan) between 2015 and 2022. Among 210 patients with T1DM, early cataract developed within 3 months before diabetes onset and 12 months thereafter in 2 (0.95 %) patients. The two patients were both females, aged 13 and 9 years, respectively. In both cases, cataracts in both eyes appeared in the early stages of T1DM, showing a short course and rapid development. After intensive insulin treatment for stringent and stable blood glucose control, one patient underwent cataract extraction with significant improvement, and her visual acuity returned to normal. The other patient received intensive insulin therapy and insulin pump therapy for 8 years. Subsequently, she underwent cataract surgery after achieving stable blood glucose levels, without complete recovery of vision.

Conclusions

Cataract is a rare complication in the early stages of T1DM in children and adolescents. Ophthalmic surgery is the preferred treatment for patients with diabetic cataract after achieving stable glycemic control, which may help prevent visual impairment.
From gesture to Sign? An exploration of the effects of communicative pressure, interaction, and time on the process of conventionalisation
Authors: Janke Vikki , Aumônier Lizzy , Hofweber Julia , Gullberg Marianne , Marshall Chloë
Published: May 2024

This study explored how non-signers exploit their gestural repertoire during a process of handshape conventionalisation. We examined how communicative context, interaction, and time affect the transition from iconically motivated representations to linguistically organised, generalised forms. One hundred non-signers undertook a silent gesture-elicitation task, describing pictures in one of four conditions: (A) in isolation; (B) with a passive recipient tasked with identifying the objects gestured; (C) with an interlocutor, sharing addressor/addressee roles; (D) with a confederate, sharing addressor/addressee roles, where the confederate restricted her handshapes to four. Analyses focused on whether participants used their hands productively (proportion of ‘hand-as-object’ responses), and whether they generalised handshapes to similarly shaped but different objects (handshape range). High communicative pressure and interaction (C, D) generated the highest proportion of hand-as-object representations. The condition lacking these, (A), generated the smallest handshape range. Results did not change over time. At this incipient stage, individuals exploit their gestural repertoire productively, intent on depicting object characteristics accurately. Communicative pressure and interaction spur this exploratory process. However, they do not yet generalise their handshapes, a development requiring a loosening of the iconic mapping between symbol and referent. This aspect of conventionalisation needs time and might be more likely to emerge in isolation.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 3-(4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)-2-methyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoic acid, C12H13NO5S
Authors: Rong Zeng , Ying Hu , Xiao-Yan Zeng , Da-Yong Peng , Ji Zhang
Published: May 2024

C12H13NO5S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.7095(6) Å, b = 11.9632(6) Å, c = 12.4335(5) Å, α = 86.456(4)°, β = 73.532(4)°, γ = 69.272(5)°, V = 1294.15(12) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0445, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1113, T = 296(2) K.
Read it in Rome: Miracles, Documents, and an Empire of Knowledge in Justin Martyr’s

First Apology
Authors: Kolbeck Ben
Published: May 2024

Roman ruling ideology stressed imperial control of knowledge, as well as of material and people. A range of evidence from across the empire suggests that these knowledge claims were commonly accepted, and often mobilised, by ruled communities. In his First Apology, written in Rome in the 150s and addressed to the Roman emperor, Justin Martyr leverages these ideals for his own knowledge claims concerning the life of Jesus and his fulfilment of Hebrew Bible prophecies. It has already been recognised that Justin engages with the machinery of empire through packaging his Apology as a petition presented to the emperor. On the other hand, his citation of Roman documents at several points in the text has been neglected. A close examination reveals the importance of these citations to Justin’s project, in which he utilises the supposed fidelity of Roman documents, and the idea of the emperor as a guarantor of collected knowledge, to authenticate his Christian claims. Finally, proceeding from suggestions about an internal audience for Christian apologetics, it is argued that these references should be seen as alleviating the concerns of an internal Christian readership, and not as overtures to non-Christian Graeco-Romans.
Apologists on Trials: Justin’s

Second Apology, the Literary Courtroom, and Pleading Philosophy
Authors: Corke-Webster James
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a fresh reading of Justin’s Second Apology. It focuses on that text’s narrative sections—the so-called martyrdom of Ptolemaeus and Lucius, and Justin’s own rift with Crescens. It demonstrates both these stories’ intratextual links, and their intertextual ties with contemporary mid-2d century literature—Achilles Tatius’ Greek novel Leucippe and Clitophon, and Apuleius’ Latin Apology. These in turn reveal the sophisticated rhetorical devices Justin employs, his goals in so doing, and the consequences for our understanding of the supposed new genre of Christian “apology.”
Design of fractal shaped antenna with MBBA LC material dispersed with ZnO nanoparticles for bandwidth improvement
Authors: Prasad Nagandla , Pardhasaradhi Pokkunuri , Taraka Phani Madhav Boddapati , Venkata Ganesh Gorla , Sidda Reddy Velichalamala , Rama Krishna Nanchara Rao Manepalli , Krishna Mohan Nutakki
Published: May 2024

This article proposes a compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed antenna to improve proposed antenna’s bandwidth without altering its basic design. The proposed fractal shaped antenna comprises a CPW feed with a defective ground structure (DGS). The proposed antenna is operating at single frequency band (C), when the gap between two glass plates is filled with an air and covers two different frequency bands (S and C), when there is a LC material p-methoxy-benzylidene-p-n-butyl aniline (MBBA) with ZnO nanoparticles, further the proposed fractal antenna, resonating from 4.4 to 6 GHz frequency and offers 5.64 dBi peak gain with air gap and operates from 3.1 GHz to 6.8 GHz with a maximum obtained peak gain of 3.9 dBi when filled with MBBA dispersed with ZnO nano particles. IT also evident that the transition temperatures of pure MBBA are reduced when doped with ZnO nano particles. The results are compared and analyzed with the body of data available.
Az ukrajnai menekültekkel kapcsolatos vélemények rövid távú változásai
Authors: Eszter Galgóczi , Nándor Petrovics
Published: May 2024

A 2015-ös migrációs válság kirobbanása óta a közéleti diskurzus egyik meghatározó témája a migránsok és menekültek megítélése. A politikai szereplők számtalan esetben állították narratívájuk középpontjába az ideérkezőket, amely összességében a lakosságban jelentős ellenszenvet váltott ki. 2022 februárjában, az orosz-ukrán háború kitörésekor azonban egy új helyzet állt elő azzal, hogy Ukrajnából több százazezer ember érkezett egyszerre az országba. Tanulmányunk azt vizsgálja, hogy relatíve rövid távon változhat-e a közvéleménynek a menekültekkel kapcsolatban kialakított álláspontja akkor, ha az ideérkezők egy szomszédos, többé-kevésbé hasonló kultúrájú országból érkeznek.
Injae Choi Hyun's Literature and Reality Perception
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Park young ho
Published: May 2024

Choi Hyun pursued practical studies. In his official life, he pointed out the shortcomings of politics at the time through letters to the king, and during the war, he sent letters to his superiors to directly discuss the pros and cons of military administration. Through the Imjin War and the Byeongjaeran, he created many works related to practical public works such as people's livelihood, national defense, military law, astronomy, geography, history, and mathematics. It is noteworthy that he did not leave behind any works related to Neo-Confucianism, despite being taught and associated with Neo-Confucian scholars.
Choi Hyun had a very difficult political life, including exile and false accusations, because he spoke the truth and had no reservations with a strong and spirited attitude. He also lived an unfortunate life personally, with his wife and children dying early due to illness. He diagnosed the reality of the time as an era of concern and emphasized that the only way to overcome it was to “strive for practicality and preserve sincerity.” In order to restore the era of upheaval, he discussed the successes and failures and gains and losses of the past and present, always presenting fundamental solutions. The claims that “both the fundamental and the branches should be considered” and “the end and the beginning should be consistent” are examples of this.
Choi Hyun used sincere content, logical composition, and simple and ordinary sentences. He rejected flashy writing and sought writing that contained the ideas of a gentleman. He also sought sentences that conveyed the content and meaning of the text. Choi Hyun wrote novels, Hangul songs, and travel diaries. He created 141 poems in Chinese. The contents include object recognition and self-cultivation, the horrors of war, bureaucratic anxiety, family hardships, and the exploits of heroes. In his letters, he mentioned the fundamental methods of preparing for war and argued for establishing discipline and fairly administering military law. In his letters to the king, he requested the king to innovate the shortcomings and save the politics of the time based on his critical awareness of real problems.
Choi Hyun is a unique literary figure who created literary works in various ways. He used Hangul and Chinese characters simultaneously to create his works, and his methods were diverse, including novels, songs, poems, diaries, and practical writings. Based on in-depth research on In-jae's life and scholarship, we look forward to a comprehensive study of his role and status in the political and academic world at the time, and his influence on future generations.
THE MURMANSK REGION – THE OUTPOST OF RUSSIAN ARCTIC
Authors:   Institute of Europe, RAS, Zhuravel Valery
Published: May 2024

The Murmansk oblast, which turned 85 years old in May 2023, is the northwestern outpost of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The Red Banner Order of Ushakov Northern Fleet is based on its territory, playing a major role in strengthening the country’s defense capability. The article is the first attempt to analyze the stage of the first stage of implementation of the tasks laid down in the draft 20 Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security through 2035, in relation to the Murmansk region. The author notes that the region is characterized by active socio-economic development. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the situation and development of the seaport of Murmansk, the Murmansk transport hub and the Northern Sea Route, closed administrative-territorial entities among with the issue of assistance to the participants of the military operation as well as their families. Another objects of analysis are: activities of the Center in the construction of large-tonnage offshore structures, development of transport, energy infrastructure, , modernization of airport facilities, development of fisheries, science, personnel training, as well as initiatives for the development of tourist and recreational clusters in the territories of the oblast