bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Winter Urban Heat Island in Budapest at Local and Micro Scale
Authors: Li Huawei , Wang Guifang , Jombach Sándor
Published: April 2021

Most of the urban heat island (UHI) researches focused on the phenomenon in summer. They mainly studied the causes, different functional areas, and possible mitigation measures to reduce the high temperature in urban areas. However, UHI also exists in winter, but there are a limited number of studies on winter UHI. The characteristics and causes of UHI in winter have not been received much attention or consideration yet. This study aims to characterize the UHI feature in winter in Budapest, Hungary, based on the analysis of land surface temperature (LST) in relation to the factors of elevation, slope exposure, residential type, and snow coverage. Five different Landsat images in the winter season were applied to detect the surface temperature; besides, pictures of the thermal camera at a micro-scale were also used. Results showed that UHI intensity was not strong in winter; built-up areas were warmer than other urban areas. Topography was one of the significant factors affecting the surface temperature in winter. The surface temperature of the hills (300 m asl) was lower than that of the lowlands (below 120 m asl). The south-facing slopes and south oriented buildings were warmer than north-facing slopes and buildings oriented to the north. Areas with snow coverage had a lower temperature than no snow coverage areas. These findings could give general guidance for further UHI research, urban planning as well as landscape design.
Investment Support for Sustainable Development of Agricultural Enterprises in Ukraine
Authors: Svynous Nadiia Ivanivna
Published: April 2021

The article proves the need to intensify investment activities in agricultural enterprises, which is the main condition for the implementation of the principles of sustainable development. Factors that hinder investment processes and the reasons for their manifestation have been identified. The tendencies in realization of capital investments in the fixed capital of agriculture which have positive dynamics are defined, however, their insignificant reduction in 2019 was observed. The structure of sources of financing the activities of agricultural enterprises in 2019 is determined: own funds – 71.1%, loans – 14.1%, foreign investments – 14.4%, state budget funds – only 0.4% and highlights the obstacles to the formation of external and internal sources of investment. According to the results of the survey, the directions of investment activity of agricultural enterprises, restraining factors, and financial opportunities in the implementation of investment projects are determined. It is established that today, 52.7% of enterprises did not make investments that would be environmentally friendly, and only 28.2% invested in the development of social infrastructure and human capital. The main measures to intensify investment activities of agricultural enterprises are substantiated, which include: formation of elements of investment infrastructure in the region, improvement of depreciation policy at enterprises, development of public-private partnership, introduction of state programs for rural development, improvement of agricultural land lease and others.
The Development and Effectiveness of a Care Protocol Using the Stevens Star Model of Knowledge Transformation in Female Patients With Stress Incontinence: An Experimental Study
Authors: Gülnar Emel , Çalişkan Nurcan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Nurse-led pelvic floor muscle exercise and lifestyle education programs are effective first-line interventions for women with stress incontinence (SI). PURPOSE: To develop an evidence-based stress incontinence care protocol (SICP) using the Stevens Star Model of Knowledge Transformation and evaluate its effect on the frequency and quantity of urinary incontinence, quality of life, pelvic muscle self-efficacy levels, and lifestyle variables of women with SI. METHODS: An SICP was developed on the basis of the Star model. The views of an expert were consulted for testing the content validity of the protocol. Using a pretest-posttest experimental design, 68 women with SI who visited an outpatient clinical at a hospital in Turkey were prospectively enrolled in the intervention (n = 34) and control (n = 34) groups. After obtaining baseline demographic and health history information, participants completed the King’s Health Questionnaire, the Broome Pelvic Muscle Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, a 3-day voiding diary, and a 1-hour pad test. The intervention group received an 8-week program of care according to the Star model-derived SICP, and follow-up assessments were completed by both groups after 8 and 12 weeks. RESULTS: The content validity index for the SICP was 91.9%. The intervention group had a reduced quantity and frequency of urinary leakage, reduced King’s Health Questionnaire scores, and increased Broome Pelvic Muscle Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale scores (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Care provided according to the Star model-derived SICP reduced the quantity and frequency of SI and improved the perceived pelvic muscle exercise self-efficacy and quality of life of the participants.
PENGARUH IMPLEMETASI PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL DAN KOMPETENSI PENGELOLA TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS MANAJEMEN ASET TETAP PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI BERBADAN HUKUM
Authors: Syarbini Ikhsan Sabirin.
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Implementation of Internal Control and Manager  Competence  on  the  Effectiveness  of  Fixed  Asset  Management  in  State Universities as Legal Entities partially or simultaneously. The population in this study is the Legal Entity State Universities in Indonesia, amounting to eleven. The sampling technique is saturated or census sampling. This research uses a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis techniques. The results of the research show that the implementation of internal control and managerial competence has a significant positive effect on the effectiveness of fixed asset management, in Indonesian legal institutions both partially and simultaneously.Key Word: Implementation of Internal Control, Manager Competence and Effectiveness of Fixed Asset Management
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS KELELAWAR DI KAWASAN CAMP LUBUK BAJI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG PALUNG
Authors: Naszmi . , Anwari M Sofwan , Rifanjani Slamet
Published: April 2021

Bat is one of the important components in the stability of the ecosystem. One of the their role helping the spread of the seeds and flower pollination and insect population control. The presence of bats in the area of Camp Lubuk baji National Park (TNGP) have an important role in the forest regeneration and ecosystem stability. Until now the availability of information about the diversity of species bat in the TNGP still not provided and so potential unknown. This report aims to review the diversity of species bat in the area of Gunung Palung National Park. This research was aiming to discover  the diversity of types of bats in the area Gunung Palung National Park. This research uses method capture with mist net. The placement of the research carried out observing the traffic line bat purposive. Mist net placed on three layer of tree canopies of the flower layer, middle, and the upper layer headers tree. The research conducted 2 in location Camp Lubuk Baji and Batu Bulan. The result show abot his Camp Lubuk Baji index of 0,24 dominance, while index in the Batu Bulan of 0,46. The diversity of species closer to the bottom of Camp Lubuk Baji 1,37, while in the Batu Bulan of 0,90. The kind of evenness Batu Bulan of 0,81, while in his 0,76 Camp Lubuk Baji. Similarity in type of closer to Camp Lubuk Baji bottom and rock Batu Bulan  having index 0,53 or 53%.     Keywords: Batu Bulan, Bats diversity, Camp Lubuk Baji
IDENTIFIKASI JAHE – JAHEAN (ZINGIBERACEAE) DI KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG BAWANG KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Sepito Bendril , Manurung Togar Fernando , Kartikawati Siti Masitoh
Published: April 2021

Family Zingiberaceae is one of flowing plant known by the community as ginger. Many Zingiberaceae found in tropical forest areas, especially Indo-Malaya. There are around 50 % genus growth in lowland forest more than 2000 masl. The purpose of this study was to identify the ginger species (Zingirberaceae) of protected forest in Gunung Bawang Bengkayang Regency West Kalimantan. The method used in this research was survey purposive determination starting point. The survey consisted of 5 transect that length at 200 m. The results showed that gingers species found in Gunung Bawang was 17 gingers species, that were classified into 6 Genus. Globba propingua Ridl was found with the highest number of species. Overall, the research showed that the Gunung Bawang is in a good state and to be maintained.Keyword: Gunung Bawang, Gingers, Protected forest, Zingiberaceae
AKTIVITAS SOSIAL ORANGUTAN (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) DI STASIUN PENELITIAN CABANG PANTI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG PALUNG KABUPATEN KAYONG UTARA KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Samhudi . , Prayogo Harri , Rifanjani Slamet
Published: April 2021

Diverse types of habitat were interesting objects which existed in the Cabang Panti Research Station, due to it, the researcher was interested to investigate about Orangutan’s activities in one type of habitat and the researcher focused on Orangutan’s social activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the social behavior of orangutans in the Research Station cabang panti gunung palung national park in Kayong Utara District, West Kalimantan. The used method was focal animal sampling, a method of observing and recording the behavior of one individual over a certain period of time while the object must be visible during observation and the data collection in this study focused on adult male and / or female orangutans as the objects in the study. The length of observation time of the target orangutan in this study was  + 13 hours per day for 5 days by concerning the daily activities of orangutans from waking up to sleeping. Based on the results of the observed object, there were 2 individuals namely Walimah which was an adult female and Julian which was an adult male. Overall, during the observations, the two individuals were following each other, the target orangutan “Walimah” had high eating activities throughout the day reaching 41,31% followed by movement activities 25,18%, then resting 23,18%, self-action 9,96%, and social activity 0,37%. While the target orangutan "Julian" carried out high resting activities throughout the day reaching 40,15% followed by eating activities 28,45%, movement 22,71%, self-action 7,73%, and social activity 0,97%.Keywords: Cabang Panti, Orangutan, Social Activity
PERMASALAHAN SOSIAL PADA MASYARAKAT LADANG BERPINDAH AKIBAT PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA SEMPURNA KECAMATAN SUNGAI LAUR KABUPATEN KETAPANG
Authors: Yandi Jepri , M Iskandar A , Idham M
Published: April 2021

Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system, that has the characteristic of cutting or slashing techniques, which are burned in dry land areas, there is no intensive irrigation and are palnted with sort-lived plants. In general, after being worked on for less than three years, they are left behind. The plants are of rice secondary crops with a simple processing technique, namely by using tugal, accompanied by land use and palnt maintaince without fertilization According to Koentjaraningrat (1977), Almost all of the people in Sempurna village before the palm oil plantations used to do shifting cultivation, but after the oil palm plantations began operating in 2002 the peoples who carried out shifting cultivation from 428 households recorded only 2.8% or 12 families. The purpose of this study was to examine the social problems of shifting fields due to oil palm plantation in the Sempurna village, Sungai Laur sub-district, Ketapang district. The benefits of this study as information to policy makers in Ketapang district about social problem in shifting fields communities due to the oil palm plantation in the Sempurna village, Sungai Laur sub-district, Ketapang district with the survey method. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Interviews were conducted by purposive sampling, namely the discussion in the form data analysis which included the interpretation of all data collected, arrange the results of the research in such away that it became clear and directed qualitative descriptive information. The indentity of the respondent taken based on the type of work of the respondent. The age of the respondents in this study was not determined because in this study the respondents selected were not based on age but based on who  the people were still doing shifting cultivation. Administratively, Sempurna Village is an area in the sub-district of Sungai Laur, Ketapang Regency with an area of 992 (ha). The problem is faced by the people still doing shifting cultivation is that every year they find difficult to get land, so the people who use the protected forest of Gunung Palung National Park, the reason they dare to use protected forest areas as they cultivate because, more difficult to get land because those who are not protected forest area are now increasingly planted with oil palm plantations.Keyword : Ketapang District, Palem Oil, Sempurna Villages, Shifting Cultivators, Sosial Problems
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS CACAT KAYU BULAT JATI (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) PADA AREAL PEMANENAN DI KPH JEMBER
Authors: Ardhiansyah Afthony , Tavita Gusti Eva , M Iskandar A
Published: April 2021

Teak trees are high-quality plants.The activity of harvesting teak doesn’t always produce good quality or without defects found.Various types of defects will reduce the quality and selling value of wood.The purpose of this research was to identify and measure the defects of teak roundwood (Tectona grandis) in the harvesting area in KPH Jember. Knowing the type and quantity of defects is expected to be a reference for companies, especially Perum Perhutani, KPH Jember on process of maintaining teak trees during harvesting, get better results and higher value results. The method that was used in this research was quantitative descriptive research and go to the research site.Sampling is done bypurposive sampling. The research was conducted in March - April 2018. The results of the identification of teak defects (Tectona grandis Linn.F.) found 23 types of defects that was form defects , body defects, or bontos defects. The type of defect found is straightness, cylindrical, backwardness, groove defects, direction of fiber defects, inger-inger, buncak-buncak, hole gerek, broken defects, hole in the body, wood eye, lump defects, lengar defects, broken up defects, slemper defects, bontos defects, fragile terrace, rotten terrace, hole defects, gubal defects, pakah defects, gabeng defects, dan kunus defects. The most defects were the type of buncak-buncak light as 89 trees (98.89%) and 566 sortiment (56.39%) that having defects, while the least defect were type of big hole gerek as 2 trees (2.22%) and 3 sortiment (0.30%) that having defects.Keywords : defect, harvesting, identification, perhutani, teak.
ETNOZOOLOGI UNTUK KONSUMSI SUKU DAYAK KANAYANT DI DESA LINTAH BETUNG KECAMATAN MENYUKE KABAUPATEN LANDAK
Authors: Richardo Yakob , Ardian Hafiz , Anwari M Sofwan
Published: April 2021

The untilization of animal for consumption by Dayak Kanayant tribe needs to be used as data to find out the types of animals used, the patterns of utilization and the parts of organs used. One of the utilization of animals by Dayak Kanayant tribe is for consumption. This study aimed to determine the types of animals, animal parts and ways of processing animals for consumption by Dayak Kanayant tribe in Lintah Betung Village. The method used in this study was a survey method, the selection of respondents using the snowball sampling method, and data collection using questionnaire. In this study, repondents were obtained as many as 20 people consisting of 18 men and 2 women. The results showed that the use of animals for consumption needs as many as 32 species of animals consisting of mammals, aves, amphibians, pisces, reptile, crustaceans, insecta, and molluscs. The main animal usedis the class of mammals for daily cunsumption needs. Dayak Kanayant people processed animal meat by frying, cooking, and grilling. The most people still used traditional equipment to cook meat and to hunt animals. Keyword : Comsumption, Dayak Kanayant, Etnozoology
PEMANFAATAN BAMBU OLEH MASYARAKAT PENGRAJIN DESA MENYABO KECAMATAN TAYAN HULU KABUPATEN SANGGAU
Authors: Sinaga Meysa Florensiani , M Iskandar A , Thamrin Eddy
Published: April 2021

Bamboo is a very useful plant for people’s lives. Traditionality bamboo is commonly used for various purposes such as household utensils, handicrafts and construction materials for building houses and foodstuffs. The purpose of this study is to determine the types of bamboo and parts of the bamboo plant that are used, to find out in what form the benefits of the bamboo plant, to describe the types of product made from the bamboo plant that are used by the people of Menyabo Village of Tayan Hulu Subdistrict of Sanggau Regency. The method used in this study is a direct survey method in the field; data collection techniques were carried out through interviews using interview guidelines, and data were obtained using a descriptive method. The results of this study found 2 species of bamboo: Schizostacyum zollingeri Stuedel (reed bambbo) and gigantochloa balui K M Wong (abe bamboo). they use bamboo by craftsmen such as nyiruk, ketoro, atom, baskets, rice containers and jarai, home building construction materials and vegetable food ingredients (bamboo shoots). keywords: Bamboo, Craftsman, Utilization
KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES AVIFAUNA DIURNAL DI BEBERAPA TIPE HABITAT PADA AREAL IUPHHK-HTI PT HUTAN KETAPANG INDUSTRI KABUPATEN KETAPANG
Authors: Dwifortunata Tomy , Prayogo Hari , Siahaan Sarma
Published: April 2021

Birds or Aves are members of vertebrates that have feathers and wings. Spreads from lowlands until highlands occupying various habitats, similarly in Kalimantan birds are found in various places. The goal of this research is to acquire biodiversity data of birds in certain types of the forest before and after operations in the region of PT Hutan Ketapang Industri. This research use the IPA (Index Point Abundance) method which is placed purposively on five types of habitat. The habitats are kerangas forest, peat swamp forest, dipterocarpus lowland forest, riparian and open wetland/flood plain. The research was conducted in the area before and after operational activity. The research shows the differences in results at each location. There are found 40 species of birds that belong to 23 families.   Keyword: Bird Diurnal, Diversity, Five Habitat Types
Molecular Packing of Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells: Distinctive Local Morphology in Y6 Versus ITIC Derivatives
Authors: Kupgan Grit , Chen XianKai , Bredas Jean-Luc
Published: April 2021

Since a couple of years ago, Y6 has emerged as one of the main non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells as its use leads to superior power conversion efficiencies. It is thus of major interest to investigate the multi-scale phenomena that are responsible for Y6’s efficacy. Here, we modeled neat films of Y6 and earlier non-fullerene acceptors, IT-4F and ITIC, using a combination of density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, to investigate the various factors that control their charge and exciton transport rates. We find that the molecular packing in Y6 is drastically different from that in IT-4F and ITIC. At the nano-scale, the local morphology of Y6 consists of a large number of directional face-on stackings and well-connected transport networks. Y6 also consistently shows higher electronic couplings for LUMOs, HOMOs, and local excitations than ITIC-type acceptors, which results in fast transport rates for electron, holes, and excitons. Importantly, when considering dimers, their configurations in Y6 are more diverse than in ITIC-type acceptors, with many of those similar to the configurations observed in the Y6 crystal structure reported recently. Most Y6 dimer configurations exhibit strong binding interactions, large electronic couplings, and high transport rates, which when taken together rationalize the better performance of OSCs based on Y6.
Water-Dispersible and Ferroelectric PEGylated Barium Titanate Nanoparticles
Authors: Taheri Maryam , Zance Bryan , Dolgos Michelle , Bryant Steven L. , Trudel Simon
Published: April 2021

Dispersions of ferroelectric nanoparticles in aqueous medium can find promising applications in electro-optical, medical, and smart fluid technologies. In this report, we show the development of highly dispersed nano-sized ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) powders with high dielectric constant prepared using a simple, one-step low temperature solution method. The surface of these tetragonal-structured nanoparticles were modified with polyethylene glycol as a stabilizer and dispersant. The crystal structure, morphology and dielectric constant of samples are discussed in detail. The colloidal stability and surface behavior of these PEGylated barium titanate nanoparticles are studied by means of z -potential and dynamic light scattering measurements. We show changing the reaction conditions allows to tune the nanoparticle size. This research promotes a pathway to develop advanced ferroelectric nanomaterials with engineered properties in a simple way.
Synergistic Catalysis of Tandem Michael Addition/Enantioselective Protonation Reactions by an Artificial Enzyme
Authors: Zhou Zhi , Roelfes Gerard
Published: April 2021

Enantioselective protonation is conceptually one of the most attractive methods to generate an α-chiral center. However, enantioselective protonation presents major challenges, especially in water as a solvent. Herein, we report an artificial enzyme catalyzed tandem Michael addition and enantioselective protonation reaction of α-substituted acroleins with 2-acyl imidazole derivatives in water. The artificial enzyme uses a synergistic combination of two abiological catalytic sites: a genetically encoded non-canonical p-aminophenylalanine residue and a Lewis acid Cu(II) complex. The exquisite stereochemical control achieved in the protonation of the transient enamine intermediate generated by conjugate addition of the Michael donor is illustrated by the >20:1 dr and up to >99% ee obtained for the products. These results illustrate the potential of exploiting synergistic catalysis in artificial enzymes for challenging reactions.
Introduction
Authors: Wirman Hanna
Published: April 2021

N/A
НЕОПЛАЗМОНІМИ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ МОВІ ХІ – ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХХ СТОЛІТЬ
Authors: Приходько І. М.
Published: April 2021

У статті на широкому фактичному матеріалі розглядається історія становлення й розвитку неоплазмонімічної лексики української мови від праслов’янської доби до кінця 50-х років минулого століття. До такої лексики належать найменування опухів та інших надшкірних утворень, прищів, наривів, виразок, шрамів, а також назви новоутворень у внутрішніх органах людини чи тварини. Обстежений матеріал дає підстави говорити про те, що значний масив неоплазмонімів функціював у праслов’янській мові. Встановлено, що з дописемної доби українська мова успадкувала окремі найменування новоутворень (пухиръ, гуля, гудз, мозоль, бородавка, прищ, болячка, вредъ, лишай, бѣльмо). Проаналізовані писемні джерела давньоруськоукраїнського та середньоукраїнського періодів розвитку української мови, окрім нечисленних успадкованих із праслов’янської мови назв бѣльмо та врεдъ, інших слів не засвідчують. Активне поповнення лексики на позначення внутрішніх органів людини і тварини відбувається у XVIII – на початку ХХ століття за рахунок як питомого українського матеріалу, так і запозичень з інших мов. Найбільшою в кількісному плані була група найменувань набряків, наривів, опухів та інших на(д)шкірних утворень, дещо менше виявлено назв шрамів, рубців та пухлин усередині організму. З огляду на мотивацію, неоплазмоніми могли утворюватися кількома шляхами: а) віддієслівна деривація, коли твірними для нових слів виступали дієслова, котрі позначали вплив самого утворення на організм або спосіб його поширення (напливи, нарва); б) деривація на основі подібності до тих чи тих предметів, форм, які названі вивідним словом (жабур ‘прищик’, басаман ‘шрам’, зернина ‘гранульома’); в) творення неоплазмонімів з огляду на їх локалізацію (ясеняк ‘пухлина на яснах’, наслизень ‘поліп’). Із-поміж способів морфологічної деривації іменників на позначення внутрішніх органів людини і тварини найпродуктивнішим був суфіксальний, проте на початку ХХ століття конкуренцію йому складав композитний спосіб словотворення. Для уточнення локалізації чи складу новоутворення до іменника міг приєднуватися прикметник, утворюючи словосполучення (водяний напух, каблучка підшкурна пахвинна, кров’яна гуля).
РОЗМОВНЕ МОВЛЕННЯ В АМЕРИКАНСЬКОМУ «УНІВЕРСИТЕТСЬКОМУ» РОМАНІ ХХІ СТ.
Authors: Клименко О. Л.
Published: April 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню особливостей функціонування нестандартної лексики англійської мови в розмовному мовленні американського «університетського» роману ХХІ ст. Розмовне мовлення в епоху постмодернізму відрізняється певними стилістичними ознаками та має додаткові фонові конотації, часто стає джерелом словотворчості, задовольняючи естетичні, номінативні та прагматичні потреби авторів художніх творів. Риси розмовного мовлення на лексичному рівні виявляються у використанні певних груп нестандартної лексики, що залежно від рівня стилістичної зниженості мають відповідні словникові позначки ‘slang’, ‘informal’, ‘vulgar’, ‘taboo’. Серед нестандартних одиниць можна виділити: сленгізми з демінутивними суфіксами, котрі мають переважно негативне значення; лайливі сленгові слова; сленгізми, які несуть емоційно-оцінне навантаження; сленгізми, що є евфемістичними найменуваннями певних понять, табуйований сленг, який має експресивно-емоційний заряд. Сленгізми з емоційно-оцінною конотацією можуть звучати глумливо, вживатися іронічно, зневажливо, використовуються для негативної або позитивної характеристики персонажів, місця, ситуації, події. Використання табуйованої лексики всередині соціально-закритої мовної групи університетського кампусу підтверджує солідарність членів цієї групи, є показником соціальної дистанції, вживається для протиставлення літературній мові дорослих. Вульгаризми використовуються як вигуки, що виражають недовіру або здивування, вживаються у разі переляку, хвилювання, гострого переживання невдачі. Усі нестандартні одиниці підпорядковуються граматичним правилам, утворюються за продуктивними словотворчими моделями, значно модернізують художній текст і розширюють функції переносно-метафоричної лексики як засобу стилетворення, виконуючи концептуальну або оцінну функції.
КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИЙ І ФОРМАЛЬНИЙ РІВНІ КОГЕЗІЇ В АНГЛІЙСЬКОМОВНИХ ТЕКСТАХ ТЕНДЕРНОЇ ДОКУМЕНТАЦІЇ
Authors: Борковська І. П. , Карачун Ю. Г.
Published: April 2021

Статтю присвячено опису категорії когезії в ділових текстах англійської мови. На прикладі текстів тендерної документації виявлено текстоутворювальну роль цієї категорії. Визначено, що в основі когезії знаходяться граматичні взаємовідношення. Завдяки лінгвістичному характеру категорії зв’язності, що проявляється на різних мовних рівнях, виокремлюють такі види зв’язності: лексико-граматичні і функційно-синтаксичні засоби когезії. Вибір засобів когезії визначено специфікою стилю. Представлено трактування когезії ділових текстів як структурної організації окремих блоків тексту за допомогою лексико-граматичних зв’язків. Виокремлено два рівні когезії: композиційний та формальний. З’ясовано, що когезіальна зв’язність на композиційному рівні акцентується у розташуванні двох блоків тексту з чітким розташуванням структурних частин. Перший блок містить вступ “Preface”, а наступний блок, своєю чергою, складається з трьох розділів. Підкреслюється важливість композиційної когезії у формуванні зв’язності ділового тексту. Проведено аналіз формального складника ділового тексту в такому напрямі: виявлено традиційні функційно-синтаксичні засоби когезії, серед яких виокремлено сполучники (сурядні, підрядні та парні) і сполучникові слова. Обґрунтовано вживання відповідних сполучних засобів у тендерній документації як жанру ділової кореспонденції, які легко ідентифікувати без контексту або певних лексичних маркерів, підкреслено важливість однозначності таких сполучних засобів у жанрах ділових текстів. Представлено розгорнутий список сурядних та підрядних сполучників, які засвідчують досліджувані тендерні документи. Визначено роль сурядних сполучників у нанизуванні фрагментів інформації, що допомагає пов’язати текст і забезпечує ритмічність ділового мовлення. Проаналізовано підсилювальну роль підрядних сполучників та їх значення для зв’язку від попередньої до нової ідеї у документації. Можна спостерігати системний характер використання когезійних мовних засобів, серед яких сполучники відіграють суттєву роль в автоматизації вибору слів і характеру їх вживання.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЖАНРОТВОРЕННЯ В ЛІТЕРАТУРІ ДОБИ КИЇВСЬКОЇ РУСІ
Authors: Білоус Б. П.
Published: April 2021

Мета і завдання статті – запропонувати новий підхід до принципів жанротворення в українській літературі доби Київської Русі. Суть такого підходу полягає у тому, щоб розглядати давні жанри як спосіб висловлювання (за Ф. Сосюром). Літературні жанри періоду Київської Русі раніше переважно поділялися на церковні і світські, первинні і синкретичні. Ми пропонуємо застосувати до диференціації жанрів принцип, який спирається на характер висловлювання. За висловом писемним виділяємо такі жанри, як: азбуковник, літопис (хронограф, хроніка), епістолія, послання, «книга», «чтеніє», «описаніє», афоризм. За висловом усним такі як: бесіда, діалог, молитва, повість, повчання, похвала, «слово», сказання, «толкованіє». Ще один принцип диференціації жанрів – віднесеність їх до предмета зображення, який і визначає його специфіку: житіє, видіння, «історія», ходіння, чудо. Часом на характер жанру вказує назва твору, яка пояснює або предмет зображення, або його ідейне спрямування, або наративну форму; серед тих назв є такі, що запозичені зі Святого Письма, що виражають метафоричний смисл середньовічної символіки та алегоризму. Фольклорні жанри ми не відносимо до жанрів літературних, оскільки вони мають інший культурний код. Фольклорні жанри функціонували паралельно до книжності, іноді проникаючи у сферу літературну, додаючи до писемних творів свої семантично-художні елементи. Естетика, онтологія, прагматика, типологія давньоукраїнських жанрів історично зумовлені, покликані до життя певними суспільно- політичними та естетичними чинниками та потребами, тісно пов’язані із характером та виявом естетичних цінностей середньовічної епохи, визначаються ними і становлять певну систему сприймання і відтворення світу, а отже, і систему жанрів, які забезпечували духовне, культурне життя давньої пори.
ПРОТОТИПНА КОГНІТИВНА МОДЕЛЬ ПРЕДМЕТНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ СТАЛОСТІ (SUSTAINABILITY)
Authors: Гошилик Н. С.
Published: April 2021

У статті побудовано прототипну когнітивну модель предметної ситуації сталості у вигляді фрейму, що реконструйований шляхом когнітивної інтерпретації семантики слів із коренем sustainability. Дослідження проведено на основі аналізу англійськомовних тлумачних словників та тезаурусів, окрім того, взято до уваги ілюстративний матеріал до аналізованих лексем із цих джерел. Сталий розвиток, сталість в усіх сферах життєдіяльності стали глобальними та парадигмальними у ХХІ ст. Для коректного розуміння цього поняття, потенційного комплексного його аналізу в різних типах дискурсу необхідно провести аналіз номінативних одиниць- вербалізаторів. У дослідженні проведено корпусний розгляд частотності використання відповідних іменника (sustainability), прикметника (sustainable), дієприкметника доконаного виду (sustained) та дієслова (to sustain) в корпусах сучасної англійської мови COCA, NOW, GloWbE. Аналіз дефініцій у тлумачних словниках та тезаурусах англійської мови дав змогу виявити компоненти (слоти) фрейму ситуації сталості, які вказують на суб’єкт дії, дію, об’єкт та час дії, суб’єкт оцінювання та наслідок дії. Також бралися до уваги втілення сталості у прикладах у відповідних словниках та тезаурусах. Предметна ситуація сталості представлена в англійськомовній картині світу через стан об’єкта протягом визначеної тривалості, а також дії певного суб’єкта, які мають певні наслідки в майбутньому. Наслідки дії передбачають її оцінювання, адже можуть бути позитивними чи негативними, а отже, імпліцитним у прототипній ситуації є суб’єкт оцінювання. У статті визначено відношення між елементами фреймової структури прототипної когнітивної моделі ситуації сталості. Виділені фрейми постають у вигляді буттєвих схем: предметний фрейм (кваліфікативна схема, темпоральна схема, локативна схема), посесивний фрейм (схема власності, схема партитивності, схема інклюзивності), акціональний фрейм (схема дії).
Open Lip Schizencephaly: A Case Report.
Authors: Herrera Ortiz Andrés Felipe , Ortiz Sandoval Héctor Eduardo
Published: April 2021

Schizencephaly is an extremely rare congenital structural disorder presented in 1.54/100,000 births. In this article, we present one of the few cases of schizencephaly reported in Colombia, in which the linguistic barrier and the lack of resources made the differential diagnosis a challenge. The patient presented to the emergency department with focal impaired-awareness seizures associated with an inability to speak since birth. On physical examination, it was evident the loss of cephalic support, mental retardation, and left- sided hemiparesis for which a non-contrast brain computed tomography was performed showing findings that are in relation to open- lip schizencephaly (right frontoparietal brain cleft lined by gray matter which is connecting the subarachnoid space to the ventricular system, polymicrogyria and absence of septum pellucidum). Neuro-rehabilitation and antiseizure therapy were established with good outcomes. It is important to understand that nowadays does not exist any curative procedure, the mainstay of treatment is based on neuro- rehabilitation which should be initiated as soon as possible because it improves the cognitive and motor status of patients.
On Enrichment Culturing and Transferring Technique
Authors:   Environmental Engineering, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China, Gu Ji-Dong
Published: April 2021

Enrichment culturing and transferring technique is frequently used to obtain specific functional microorganisms for more in-depth investigations from the complex samples containing a wide range of different microorganisms. This technique is fundamental and critically important in research of microbial ecology, environmental microbiology, and environmental science, but the proper practice of this technique in applications remains ambiguous to some investigators. Because of this situation, misuse and lack of comprehensive understanding of the meaning of this technique are frequently found in manuscripts or even publications. This article provides a discussion about this technique and the meaning for practical use to enhance research for high-quality results and the scientific information effectively when used. The key elements of this technique include, cultural medium composition, culturing and incubation, frequency of transferring for enrichment, procedures prior to the isolation and purification to obtain possibly pure cultures or enrichments of the capable microorganisms for further biochemistry and physiology investigations. The information is intended to improve the basic understanding of this technique for a more effective and efficient applications in research to advance the basic and fundamental information and to pave the way for more innovative research and discoveries to science.
Natural Science and Real Life: Linguistic Decisions of the German Incunabula Herbals
Authors: Squires Catherine
Published: April 2021

The first German illustrated herbals printed in Mainz by Peter Schöffer were intended for ordinary lay readers including the poorer classes. While the Hortus Sanitatis of March 1485 presented a full German translation of the text, the Herbarius of 1484 was Latin with only German plant names added in the chapter titles along with the Latin ones. The popularizing impact of this minimal vernacular adaptation is questioned and the inserted plant names are analysed to estimate their role in making scientific knowledge understandable and accessible for the broad public. The study showed surprisingly, that in the majority of cases these ‘vernacular' lexemes were of Latin origin (loanwords or loan translations). The native terms used by the publisher proved to be regional or dialect words from his Rhine area; in reprints made in Passau they were substituted by Bavarian forms. Both tendencies allowed an insight into the linguistic choices which had an effect on later language usage.
Türkiye'de Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitiminde Ders Kitaplarıyla İlgili Hazırlanan Tezlerin Eğilimleri (2001-2020)
Authors: DERE İlker , GÖKÇINAR Betül
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarını ele alan tezlerin eğilimlerini belirlemektir. 114 yüksek lisans ve 8 doktora tezi olmak üzere toplamda 122 lisansüstü tez çalışması ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizi modeline göre tasarlanan bu araştırmada tezlerin değerlendirilmesinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda ilk olarak lisansüstü tezlerin en fazla 2019 yılında yayınlandığı ve Gazi Üniversitesi’nde hazırlandığı tespit edilmiştir. İkinci olarak tezlerde en çok “görüş” boyutunun ele alındığı ve en çok doküman analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Son olarak tezlerde kullanılan geçerlik ve güvenirlik yöntemleri incelenmiş ve hem nitel hem de nicel çalışmalarda ortak olarak en çok uzman görüşüne başvurulduğu saptanmıştır.
The Effectiveness of Development Planning of Civil Servants Apparatus in Improving Competence in 2019
Authors: Isa Muhammad , Rasyidin Rasyidin , Akmal M
Published: April 2021

This study examines the effectiveness of the development planning of the state civil apparatus in increasing competence. The research objective is to understand how the planning for the development of the state civil apparatus in increasing competence by the Bener Meriah District Education and Training Personnel Board. The theoretical perspectives used are public administration theory, planning effectiveness theory, state civil servant resource management theory, and competency development. The research method used is qualitative. The results showed that planning for the development of the state civil apparatus in increasing competence by BKPP Bener Meriah Regency is still not effective, this can be seen from the indicators of planning effectiveness according to Cambel JP, including program success, target success, satisfaction with the program, levels of input and output and achievement of goals. all of which are still ineffective. Internal obstacles are due to the lack of budget for the education and training program so that they cannot provide competency development training for ASNs, and external obstacles are due to the lack of interest in ASNs to improve competence due to high training costs and lack of commitment from SKPK leaders in Bener Meriah Regency in motivating ASNs to improve their competence.
History of Nature Saskatchewan's Van Brienen Land Nature Sanctuary
Authors: Irving Brian
Published: April 2021

Brian Irving provides a history of Nature Saskatchewan's Van Brienen Land Nature Sanctuary, which is located about 11 km southwest of Kelvington. Irving is the steward of this sanctuary.
The first use of purpose-built in artificial Chimney Swift habitat in Manitoba
Authors: Firlotte Nicole , Poole Timothy F. , Artuso Christian , Breiter C-Jae C. , Burns Laura D. , Petersen Stephen D. , Stewart Barbara E. , Stewart Robert E.A.
Published: April 2021

Previous attempts to provide purpose-built artificial chimneys in Manitoba for the threatened Chimney Swift (Chaetura pelagica) have not attracted swifts. A new design of artificial chimney was constructed in Winnipeg and moved to the Assiniboine Park Zoo. Chimney Swifts bred in this tower during the summer of 2019, the first confirmed use of purpose-built artifical habitat in western Canada.
First Confirmed Record of a Lesser Goldfinch in Saskatchewan
Authors: Holtkamp Robert
Published: April 2021

First Confirmed Record of a Lesser Goldfinch in Saskatchewan
Chemical constituents and biological activities of Artocarpus heterophyllus lam (Jackfruit): A review
Authors: Pranay Raja Bhad , Meeneri Vilas Bobde , Sibi G
Published: April 2021

Artocarpus (Moraceae) is a deciduous tree with appreciable importance as a source of edible fruit and is widely used in folk medicines. The extracts and metabolites of Artocarpus heterophyllus particularly those from leaves, bark, stem and fruit possess several useful bioactive compounds. This review indents to compile various studies on A. heterophyllus and critically evaluates its ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological properties. Several pharmacological studies from A. heterophyllus have conclusively established their mode of action in anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. Based on the available data, it is concluded that Artocarpus as a promising source of useful products and opens up new avenues for novel therapeutics.
Quality of Papers Stems from Authors and Quality of Teaching Stems from Professors
Authors: Galetto Fausto
Published: April 2021

On the web it is very frequently found that good papers are published only in “Peer Reviewed Trusted Journals (PRTJ)”, while low quality papers are published in the “Predatory Publishing Journals”. Here we show that this is not true, because the quality of papers depends on the quality of the authors in the same manner that quality of teaching depends on the quality of professors. Since generally the authors are professors it is important to see the two sides of the “publishing medal”: authors and professors. We will use the SPQR Principle [«Semper Paratus ad Qualitatem et Rationem (Always Ready for Quality and Rationality)»] as the way to analyse papers, books and teaching; it seems that very few people have taken care of Quality of Methods (Deming, Juran, Gell-Mann, Shewhart, Einstein, Galilei). The cases analysed here are from PRT Journals and teaching documents.
Determination of Business Strategies Using SWOT Analysis; Planning and Managing the Organizational Resources to Enhance Growth and Profitability
Authors: Taherdoost Hamed , Madanchian Mitra
Published: April 2021

A SWOT analysis is the method to evaluate the internal weaknesses and strengths of an organization as well as evaluating the threats and opportunities of its external environment. This is considered as an effective framework to plan and manage the organizational resources to achieve certain goals in a specific period of time. The purpose of implementing SWOT analysis in an organization is to formulate the strategy of a business based on existing internal and external factors. There may be several disadvantages associated with running a SWOT analysis; however, its efficiency in determining the future strategy of a business is more indeed. Although the origin of SWOT analysis is uncertain, there is a long historical background about its uses to facilitate the decision-making process in every complex environment. The final result of a SWOT analysis can be presented in a matrix which is a combination of the four factors and determines strengths and weaknesses that a company involves, with opportunities and threats that it may face. This article provides a study of SWOT analysis basics and provides several practical insights of steps to provide a SWOT matrix.
Population Change vs Natural Geography in Asia: A Sociological Appraisal
Authors: Sheykhi Mohammad Taghi
Published: April 2021

Population is a phenomenon ever changing more positively rather than the vice versa. It is more increasing in Asian countries. The increase of population in Asia is not compatible with the geographical size and capacity of the countries concerned. Through the process of urbanization, and in the form of migration, a large number of people have left their birth lands for cities and new lands. Such a change over contributes to overpopulation, pollution and environmental issues in the new areas and under population in birth lands; villages and cities. Such a transition creates complex issues in the new destinations which are sociologically worth appraising
A Comparative Study of Humanistic Exchange and Cooperation between China and Southeast Asian in the Perspective of "the Belt and Road" Initiative
Authors: Wen Zhihong
Published: April 2021

In the exchanges between different countries, apart from enhancing political mutual trust and strengthening pragmatic cooperation, it is of great importance to forging humanistic exchange. With a long history of exchanges between China and all the countries in South-east Asia, the humanistic exchange between China and South-east Asia has been continuing since the founding of the People's Republic of China. After the establishment of China-ASEAN dialogue relations, the strategic position of humanistic exchange has been rapidly improved. By means of the case study of Confucius Institute, sister cities, and tourism cooperation, the author has found that humanistic exchange between China and South-east Asia has enjoyed a long history and embodied profound and extensive meaning. It is the ancient Maritime Silk Road that helped to form the exchanges between China and South-east Asia. In the meantime, it is the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road that has deepened this friendship. The successful experience of humanistic exchange and cooperation between China and South-east Asia has not only consolidated the China-ASEAN strategic partnership but also provided a conducive reference for people-to-people ties in the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. In addition, it has added dynamics and confidence to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind which is propelled by China's humanistic diplomacy.
Pola Komunitas Gua Di Sampung, Ponorogo
Authors: Nurani Indah Asikin
Published: April 2021

Masing-masing gua/ceruk menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan lahan gua antara Gua Lawa dengan Ceruk Layah, Ceruk Ngalen, dan Ceruk Sulur menunjukkan perbedaan yang mencolok. Tampaknya Gua Lawa pada komunitas ini dimanfaatkan sebagai gua induk, di mana seluruh aktivitas komunitas berlangsung. Sementara itu Ceruk Layah, Ceruk Ngalen, dan Ceruk Sulur dimanfaatkan untuk aktivitas pendukung. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada perbandingan hasil ekskavasi antara Gua Lawa dengan ceruk-ceruk sekitarnya. Temuan artefak, ekofak dan fitur pada Gua Lawa lebih bervariasi baik kualitas maupun kuantitasnya dibanding ceruk-ceruk sekitarnya yang temuannya cenderung homogen berupa artefak litik. Selain itu, berdasarkan temuan artefak pada Ceruk Layah menunjukkan adanya perkembangan pemanfaatan ceruk. Pada awalnya (lapisan bawah) Ceruk Layah dimanfaatkan sebagai perbengkelan alat batu, selanjutnya pada masa kemudian (lapisan atas) didorninasi temuan tembikar. Sementara temuan ekofak pada ceruk-ceruk sekitar Gua Lawa cenderung minim. Hal tersebut dapat disirnpulkan bahwa pola kornunitas gua di Sampung terdiri atas gua induk dengan kompleksitas budaya yang berlangsung dan gua/ceruk pendukung yang dimanfaatkan untuk aktivitas sekunder.