bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of upper extremity movement performance of patients with obstetric brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Fonseca Ligia C. S. , Nelke Annika K. , Bahm Jörg , Disselhorst-Klug Catherine
Published: June 2020

Coping strategies of patients with obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) are highly individual. Up to now, individual movement performance is assessed by visual observations of physicians or therapists - a procedure, which is highly subjective and lacks objective data. However, objective data about the individual movement performance are the key to evidence-based and individualized treatment. In this paper, a new approach is presented, which provides objective information about the upper extremity movement performance of patients with OBPP. The approach is based on the use of accelerometers in combination with a classification procedure. The movement performance of 10 healthy volunteers and 41 patients with OBPP has been evaluated by experienced physiotherapists and has been assigned to one of 4 categories representing the Mallet Scale (MS) IV to I. Three triaxial-accelerometers were placed at chest, upper arm and wrist of the affected side of the patient. Acceleration signals have been recorded during repetitive movements with relevance regarding daily life. Here, especially the results from the “hand to mouth” task are presented. From the 9 recorded acceleration signals 13 relevant features were extracted. For each of the 13 features 4 thresholds have been determined distinguishing best between the 4 patient categories of the MS and the healthy subjects. With respect to the thresholds each feature value has been assigned to the discrete numbers 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. Afterwards, each discrete number has been weighted by a factor regarding the correlation between the feature’s value and the MS score. The resulting weighted discrete numbers of all 13 features have been added resulting in a score, which quantifies the individual upper extremity movement performance. Based on this score the movement performance of each patient has been assigned to the classes “very good”, “good”, “regular” and “bad”. All movements of the 10 healthy volunteers were classified as “very good”. The movement performance of two patients MS IV were classified as “very good” as well and the movements of the other 16 patients as “good”. The movements of the entire group of MS III patients fell into the class “regular”. Just one MS II patient was assigned to the class “regular” while the others were classified as “bad”. It was not possible to classify the movements of MS I patients. This was mainly due to the fact that none of these patients MS I was able to complete the task successfully. The developed approach demonstrated its ability to quantify the movement performance of upper extremity movements based on accelerometers. This provides an easy to use tool to assess patient’s movement strategies during daily tasks for diagnosis and rehabilitation.
Scalable Born Digital Ingest Workflows for Limited Resources: A Case Study for First Steps in Digital Preservation
Authors: Velte Ashlyn , Wikle Olivia M.
Published: June 2020

This article seeks to provide an example of a scalable and achievable born digital ingest workflow for cultural heritage institutions of any size, including those with limited funding. Like many small archives, the University of Idaho (U of I) Library Special Collections and Archives (SPEC) has accepted born digital material when it arrives as part of analog collections for the last 20 years. However, the Library has faced numerous challenges similar to those of other small institutions when developing workflows for born digital preservation and ingest. These include lack of funding, systems, and policies. Despite a growing number of resources that support digital preservation work, among current best practices it is difficult to find scalable workflows for institutions with limited staff and funds. By implementing accessible open-source software and prioritizing preservation tasks, U of I Library has developed a low-cost way to implement systems for digital preservation with responsibilities that can be spread out among librarians and archivists with varying technical expertise.
Danish Bronze Age antler axes – depositions in time and space
Authors: Frost Lise
Published: June 2020

Antler axes are normally associated with the Mesolithic, but they also turn up again later, in the Bronze Age, where they are typically found as single depositions in streams, rivers, bogs and other wetland areas. This article provides a comprehensive account of Denmark’s Bronze Age antler axes together with a series of new 14C dates, which show that this axe type was a consistent presence in both the Early and Late Bronze Age. It concludes with landscape-related case studies examining depositional practices in different parts of Denmark. Attention is focussed here on a comparison of the depositions of antler axes, 14C dates and the landscape – also in relation to the general country-wide distribution pattern. The analyses show that long periods often elapsed between the individual depositions of antler axes within the same areas and that these artefacts are generally strongly associated with watercourses and wetland areas related to watercourses and river valleys, both in the Early and Late Bronze Age. This picture is consistent with that for the rest of Europe, where antler axes are typically associated with running water.
The site of Edewecht 82-East, district of Ammerland, and the role of Red Heligoland flint in the Late Glacial
Authors: Terberger Thomas , Schneider Jürgen , Fries Jana Esther
Published: June 2020

Until today there is limited evidence for Late Glacial sites in the Northwest of lower Saxony. Here we present the Ahrensburgian site of Edewecht 82-East, which was excavated by two amateurs in 1973/74. Unfortunately the quality of the excavation was limited, but the distribution of artefacts indicates a single find concentration. Small tanged points and a long blade fragment probably assign the assemblage to the late Ahrensburgian (c. 10.000–9.600 calBC). Special attention deserves a blade fragment made of Red Heligoland flint. The find provides the opportunity to discuss the role of this flint source during the Late Glacial in the lowlands. There is evidence that this exotic flint type was of more relevance during the Allerød Interstadial and especially during the transitional phase from the Younger Dryas to the Preboreal.
Neues zur Hausforschung in Polen – der erste kaiserzeitliche Langhaustyp im Gebiet der Przeworsk-Kultur
Authors: Schuster Jan
Published: June 2020

In diesem Beitrag werden fünf Hausgrundrisse von drei jüngerkaiserzeitlich-völkerwanderungszeitlichen Siedlungen der Przeworsk-Kultur in der Region an der Bzura in Zentralpolen analysiert und miteinander verglichen. Die Untersuchungen basieren auf Studien der Felddokumentation (Wytrzyszczki) und publizierter Befunde (Konotopa, Mąkolice). Es kann ein Haustyp herausgearbeitet werden, für den nach einer Siedlung mit einem solchen Bau die Bezeichnung Typ Konotopa vorgeschlagen wird. Die Häuser sind zweischiffig, haben eine Breite von 7–8 m, zeigen eine charakteristische Pfostengruppierung im Bereich des Korridors und weisen eine Dreiteilung im Inneren auf. Bei dem größeren Hausteil handelt es sich möglicherweise um den Stallteil. Es handelt sich um den ersten Haustyp im Bereich der Przeworsk-Kultur überhaupt; ob er nur im Gebiet der Bzura errichtet wurde, müssen künftige Forschungen zeigen.
Andrej Platonovs ‚Unsterblichkeit‘
Authors: Meier Nils
Published: June 2020

This is the second and final part of the analysis of Platonov’s work with regard to the idea of ‘immortality’. The first part has revealed that Platonov preferred ‘collective immortality’ thus rejecting the then-mainstream topos of ‘new man’. The second part deals with the stalinist trend to turn all ideas into ideologies: the topos of ‘new man’ as well as the concept of ‘collective immortality’. An analysis of several fictional texts shows that Platonov, while remaining true to his concept of ‘collective immortality’, resisted its ideologisation by tying his concept to characters who struggle for their individuation and yet recognize their relativity in the collective of all people.
UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE AS MEDIDAS INICIAIS ADOTADAS NO COMBATE À COVID-19 NO BRASIL
Authors: Friede Reis
Published: June 2020

A atual pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2 que transmite a doença Covid-19 pode ser considerada como o maior desafio que a humanidade já enfrentou, desde os desastres da peste negra no final do século XIV. Este artigo propõe provocar uma reflexão acerca da situação geral da pandemia de Covid-19 no país e sobre determinadas medidas e posturas já adotadas pelo governo e sociedade. A abordagem metodológica empregada foi a qualitativa, e partiu de uma pesquisa bibliográfica para o levantamento de artigos acadêmicos e documentos em geral que tratam do tema abordado. O material selecionado foi lido por uma perspectiva crítico analítica. Também foi realizada uma pesquisa nos principais jornais correntes para identificar notícias pertinentes, tendo como critério de escolha selecionar somente aquelas relacionadas ao tema.
O ENIGMA DA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19: solidariedade, formação humana e cidadania em tempos difíceis.
Authors: Ferreira Luis Carlos , Costa Claudia De Freitas Lopes , Souza Julia De Paula Silva e
Published: June 2020

O convite para essa escrita feita a muitas mãos, já começa inédita por vários motivos: por se tratar de um texto científico-acadêmico não apresentado ainda e, por ser uma temática com tão pouca ou nenhuma literatura [nesse momento] com abordagem que não seja na área da saúde. Dessa forma, a ideia do texto é simples: refletir sobre o enigma do surto da pandemia da COVID-19 no mundo, na perspectiva da solidariedade, formação humana e cidadania, e seus efeitos [generalizados] no presente e no futuro imediato. Assim, debruçamo-nos em Harvey, Giddens, Frigotto, Boaventura e alguns outros, para discutirmos sobre a crise no paradigma atual da globalização, do capital, da crise ambiental e, não por acaso, dos valores humanos que perpassam as condições de cidadania. Ao que parece, estamos diante de uma lente aumentada da desigualdade social e das desvantagens econômicas apontadas na área da saúde recaem sobre as políticas sociais. De todo modo, esperamos que a trajetória dura que temos vivido sirva de aprendizado para revermos e refazermos ações, posturas, comportamentos, princípios e valores capazes de nos tornar melhores. E, por fim, que o nascimento do “novo” homem encarnado em nós, possa fluir na essência, para o começo de um novo tempo.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS DIGITAL SKILLS EM TEMPOS DE CRISE: alguns aplicativos utilizados durante o isolamento social devido à pandemia do covid-19
Authors: Hermogenes Lucas Ramon , Santos Marcos , Nascimento Priscila Fernandes , Teixeira Luiz Frederico
Published: June 2020

Devido à pandemia da doença COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019), causada pelo vírus Sars-Cov-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2), as organizações foram influenciadas a mudarem suas rotinas de trabalho para contribuir com a redução de casos do vírus mundialmente. Em virtude da alta velocidade de contágio e falta de medicamentos efetivos para o tratamento da doença, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) orientou que a melhor opção seria o isolamento social. Algumas empresas adotaram a prática do Home Office com o objetivo de continuarem entregando resultados positivos e, paralelamente, tentarem frear um outro problema que pode ser ocasionado pela pandemia: o desemprego em massa e uma crise econômica global. Visando contribuir com a sociedade nas medidas de mitigação da pandemia da COVID-19, o presente trabalho foi fundamentado na apresentação das melhores práticas que podem auxiliar nas atividades de trabalho remoto. O objetivo do trabalho é, portanto, apresentar um panorama atualizado sobre as Digital Skills no processo decisório, na análise de dados, na comunicação coorporativa e no aumento de produtividade, em meio às medidas de isolamento social para evitar a propagação do vírus Sars-Cov-2.
A NOVA CENTRALIDADE DA ÁGUA E DO SANEAMENTO PÓS COVID19
Authors: De Melo Marília Carvalho , Santos Ana Silvia , Vieira José Manuel Pereira
Published: June 2020

A COVID-19, conhecida por síndrome respiratória aguda grave, causada pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, por ser de rápida propagação, culminou no estabelecimento do isolamento social, causando impactos significativos à economia. Assim, a pandemia da COVID-19 tem chamado a atenção para o tema água e saneamento em aspectos relacionados à essencialidade do seu provimento, à medida preventiva de higienização das mãos e à identificação da presença do coronavírus no esgoto sanitário. O objetivo do presente artigo é, por meio da apresentação e avaliação de estatísticas e estudos científicos, explicitar alguns dos aspectos associados à centralidade do binômio água e saneamento que podem revelar-se determinantes para o relançamento da economia mundial no período pós-COVID-19, nomeadamente: 1) direito humano à água e ao saneamento, fundamentais para a garantia da qualidade de vida, da capacidade produtiva e da saúde pública, porém com uma realidade ainda desafiadora especialmente para países economicamente vulneráveis; 2) relação com a epidemiologia e ocorrência do coronavírus no esgoto sanitário, chamando a atenção da comunidade científica, da sociedade e dos tomadores de decisão, mesmo que ainda sem evidências científicas da sua transmissão feco-oral; 3) relação da água com a economia, considerando-a recurso base para produção industrial e agrícola e geração de empregos. Conclui-se assim pela construção do conceito “nova centralidade da água e do saneamento” como fator chave para a retomada da economia pós-COVID-19.
NARRATIVAS SOBRE O PROCESSO VIDA E MORTE MARGINAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA POR COVID-19
Authors: Orsini Marco , De Seixas Filho José Teixeira , De Castro Renata Rodrigues Teixeira , Leite Marco Antônio Araújo
Published: June 2020

As pandemias são epidemias de larga escala que se espalham pelo mundo. Nas últimas semanas, a população e os governos de todo o mundo têm dedicado esforços para frear o rápido avanço da pandemia de Covid-19, que infectou pessoas em 169 países. Além de mortes, problemas econômicos e o colapso dos sistemas de saúde dos países afetados, o espalhamento da pandemia provocou pânico generalizado. No entanto, notavelmente pouca atenção tem sido dedicada aos fatores psicológicos que influenciam a propagação da infecção pandêmica e o sofrimento emocional associado e a ruptura social e as perdas associadas aos fatores de vulnerabilidade psicológica que contribuem para a disseminação de doenças e angústias. O presente artigo objetivou analisar e refletir sobre o medo, a ansiedade e a falta do rito da finalização da vida, afetando psicologicamente quem perde seus entes queridos sem o direito a despedida, perpetuando o luto. Muitos não estão sendo aceitos socialmente, desencadeando sofrimentos secundários e colaterais, os denominados lutos marginais e necessitam de urgentes ações de políticas públicas de apoio psicológicos pois, notadamente pouca atenção tem sido dedicada a este sofrimento.
DA SÉRIE AO CIBER: O FOLHETIM TRANSMÍDIA DESAPAIXONANTE, DE MARVIN CROSS
Authors: Utzig Ingrid Lara De Araújo
Published: June 2020

O formato do folhetim originou o que hoje é conhecido como novelas e séries, por exemplo. Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a obra Desapaixonante, de autoria de Marvin Cross, escritor maranhense radicado no Estado do Amapá. A narrativa se circunscreve dentro das características do folhetim e foi divulgada na internet, a priori, até ser publicada em livro físico pela editora Skull. Triangulando as teorias de Canclini (2016) sobre a estética da iminência e da perspectiva pós-autônoma da arte, em conjunto com a cultura da convergência defendida por Jenkins (2009) e a discussão a respeito da intermidialidade tratada por Clüver (2011), pretendeu-se compreender os percursos traçados por Marvin para a consolidação de um público leitor fiel de uma narrativa on-line fragmentada e as estratégias por ele usadas até a publicação impressa, a considerar que os efeitos econômicos e mercadológicos estão arraigados no ofício de escrever um produto cultural. Após a análise, foi possível perceber que o referido autor adotou a prática intermidial como base de sua própria estética da iminência, que consiste na transição entre plataformas, em movimentos de não permanência que são, na realidade, a multiplicação da presença em locais diferentes, o que acaba ampliando as possibilidades de acesso.Palavras-chave: Desapaixonante. Estética da iminência. Pós-autonomia. Convergência. Intermidialidade.
DIFICULDADES NA AQUISIÇÃO DE LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA: ALGUMAS QUESTÕES SOBRE O CASO DE UMA IMIGRANTE BRASILEIRA NOS ESTADOS UNIDOS
Authors: Coelho Elisabeth Cavalcanti , Melo Maria de Fátima Vilar de , Carvalho Glória Maria Monteiro de
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo investiga aspectos da relação de uma brasileira com a língua estrangeira na condição particular de imigrante. Objetiva levantar questões sobre o medo da separação da língua materna, considerando dificuldades e obstáculos no processo de tornar-se falante de uma língua estrangeira. Os construtos teóricos que embasam o texto estão respaldados em autores que consideram a interface entre a linguística e a psicanálise, ao se debruçarem sobre a aquisição de língua estrangeira sem perder de vista a incontestável relação com a língua materna, constitutiva do sujeito. Parte do discurso de Celina, obtido por entrevista semiestruturada via skype, quando fala sobre dificuldades enfrentadas na relação com a língua inglesa. Os resultados revelam a insistência do significante medo no seu discurso, que marca a dificuldade de separação da língua materna, além de contradições, confusão pronominal e predominância de discurso direto. São aspectos que convergem para a indidicação de um retorno da angústia e do medo gerados por separações vividas no processo de aquisição da língua materna e que geram efeitos na relação com a língua estrangeira.Palavras-chave: Língua materna; língua estrangeira; imigrante; medo.
NÃO EXISTE ESTRUTURA RELATIVA EM CHINÊS?
Authors: Wang Chunyuan
Published: June 2020

A gramática tradicional propõe que não existe, como há em português e em inglês, a estrutura relativa em chinês. O que existe seria uma estrutura atributiva (attributive structure) em que a oração relativa seria um modificador que ficasse anterior do núcleo para modificá-lo. Por outro lado, estudo da estrutura relativa sempre é um assunto interessante e cheio de divergências no modelo gerativo. Alguns linguistas propõem que a estrutura relativa em chinês é resultado de movimento de Op, como o caso de Ning (1993), alguns propõem que é resultado de movimento de núcleo DP como o caso de Wang (2005) e outros propõem que algumas relativas são resultado de movimento de Op e outras são resultado de movimento do núcleo NP como o caso de AounLi (2003). Contudo, esses estudos raramente examinam as evidências de avaliação propostas por Chomsky (1977, 1981), como Reconstrução, Subjacência/efeitos de ilha e Parasitic gap para examinar se uma estrutura relativa em chinês é resultado de movimento. Esse estudo tem por objetivo, tendo em vista preencher essa lacuna, examinar as evidências contra os dados linguísticos concretos em chinês para corroborar que existe estrutura relativa em chinês que é uma estrutura atributiva verbal tratada por gramática tradicional e é resultado de movimento.     Palavras-chave: Estrutura relativa em chinês; estrutura atributiva em chinês; reconstrução; subjacência/efeitos de ilha; Parasitic gap.
Seed germination of Allochrusa gypsophiloides(Caryophyllaceae), an endemic species from Central Asia and Kazakhstan
Authors: Mursaliyeva Valentina , Imanbayeva Akjunus , Parkhatova Rano
Published: June 2020

The results of evaluating the laboratory seed germination of endemic Allochrusa gypsophiloides (Turkestan soap root), depending on storage conditions in combination with gibberellic acid treatment (GA3), are presented. In dry storage, control seeds were characterised
by a long after-ripening period and a fluctuating germination behaviour upon removal from storage, with a maximum value of 23%. The sensitivity of seeds to GA3 during dry storage varied significantly, with two germination peaks at 5-7 months, and 12 months (37.5 and 50% germination,
respectively). Cold stratification and cryo-preservation accelerated seed after-ripening, promoted germination synchronisation and increased seed sensitivity to GA3. The cold stratification of seeds increased germination four months earlier than during dry storage. GA3
increased germination from 16.7 and 18.3% for the control to 37.5 and 45% for seeds cryopreserved for 5 and 12 months, respectively. We recommend cryopreserving Turkestan soap root seeds to avoid viability loss and to then germinate the seeds after pretreatment with GA3.
METHOD OF SEARCHING TERM INTERPRETATIONS FOR DOMAIN DICTIONARIES, USED FOR DEVELOPING SOFTWARE
Authors: Kungurtsev Oleksii B. , Zinovatnaya Svetlana L. , Potochniak Iana V.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a method of forming definitions of terms for a vocabulary of a subject domain using existing explanatory dictionaries is proposed. It is shown that with a combined search for terms and their interpretations, it is possible to find about ten percent of definitions, which is clearly not enough. A method of automated search for the interpretation of terms is proposed, involving the use of existing explanatory dictionaries. A mathematical model of the subject domain dictionary entry is proposed. A mathematical model of an explanatory dictionary entry is proposed, taking into account the headword, a variety of interpretations of the word, litters and stable phrases. A mechanism has been developed for extracting definitions of a term from an explanatory dictionary depending on the structure of its dictionary entry. An algorithm for automated search for definitions for single-word terms has been developed. An algorithm has been developed for the automated search for definitions for verbose terms, based on the selection of nouns from the term. A mechanism for assessing the quality of possible interpretations, depending on the occurrence of terms from the subject domain, is proposed. A mechanism has been developed for the choice of definitions, when the terms from the vocabulary of the subject domain and the explanatory dictionary are coinciding incompletely, which is based on the procedure of term decomposition, the search for partial interpretations and the synthesis of the resulting interpretation. The software developed that allows to organize the search for interpretations of terms both in local explanatory dictionaries (previously loaded into the system), and in online dictionaries. The expert’s task includes the evaluation the interpretations found and possibly editorial correction of them. Experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of a software product showed a reduction in the expert’s working time compared to the “manual mode” by approximately four times.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR COMBINING THE RELATIONAL HETEROGENEOUS DATABASES USING AN INTEGRATION MODELS OF DIFFERENT SUBJECT DOMAINS
Authors: Glava Maria G. , Malakhov Eugene V. , Arsirii Olena O. , Trofymov Borys F.
Published: June 2020

The work is devoted to solving the problem of combining heterogeneous relational databases based on integration models of different subject domains. The paper proposes methods for analyzing objects and their properties when combining models of subject domains, a method of combining integration models of different subject domains based on consistent rank evaluations of objects and the values of their typed essential properties. The model of the subject domain object is improved, which, unlike the classical one, takes into account the integration components that are important for combining: the sets of values of consistent ranks of properties and the sets of typed essential and non-essential properties of the object and their values determined on the basis of them. The subject domain model has been improved, which, unlike the existing one, takes into account certain combining scenarios and consistent ranking assessments of objects. Based on the proposed models and methods, an information technology for combining relational heterogeneous databases has been developed, which has increased the reliability of detection of subject domain objects and th eir properties to be combined, while simultaneously reducing the number of comparison operations for automated creation of a com-bined integration model of the subject domain.
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis in a Domestic Cat Associated with a DNA Sequence Variant That Creates a Premature Stop Codon inCLN6
Authors: Katz Martin L , Buckley Reuben M , Biegen Vanessa , O’Brien Dennis P , Johnson Gayle C , Warren Wesley C , Lyons Leslie A
Published: June 2020

A neutered male domestic medium-haired cat presented at a veterinary neurology clinic at 20 months of age due to progressive neurological signs that included visual impairment, focal myoclonus, and frequent severe generalized seizures that were refractory to treatment with phenobarbital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse global brain atrophy. Due to the severity and frequency of its seizures, the cat was euthanized at 22 months of age. Microscopic examination of the cerebellum, cerebral cortex and brainstem revealed pronounced intracellular accumulations of autofluorescent storage material and inflammation in all 3 brain regions. Ultrastructural examination of the storage material indicated that it consisted almost completely of tightly-packed membrane-like material. The clinical signs and neuropathology strongly suggested that the cat suffered from a form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL). Whole exome sequence analysis was performed on genomic DNA from the affected cat. Comparison of the sequence data to whole exome sequence data from 39 unaffected cats and whole genome sequence data from an additional 195 unaffected cats revealed a homozygous variant in CLN6 that was unique to the affected cat. This variant was predicted to cause a stop gain in the transcript due to a guanine to adenine transition (ENSFCAT00000025909:c.668G > A; XM_003987007.5:c.668G > A) and was the sole loss of function variant detected. CLN6 variants in other species, including humans, dogs, and sheep, are associated with the CLN6 form of NCL. Based on the affected cat’s clinical signs, neuropathology and molecular genetic analysis, we conclude that the cat’s disorder resulted from the loss of function of CLN6. This study is only the second to identify the molecular genetic basis of a feline NCL. Other cats exhibiting similar signs can now be screened for the CLN6 variant. This could lead to establishment of a feline model of CLN6 disease that could be used in therapeutic intervention studies.
Frecuencia de anticuerpos contra Hantavirus en agricultores de arroz de una región tropical en el noreste del Perú
Authors: Romaní Romaní Franco , García Mendoza Maria Paquita , Alarcón Villaverde Jorge Odón
Published: June 2020

Introducción. Existe limitada evidencia acerca de la exposición al hantavirus en el Perú. Los casos sintomáticos y estudios de seroprevalencia en febriles y población asintomática provienen de la región Loreto; sin embargo, existen grupos ocupacionales expuestos a los reservorios en regiones sin circulación conocida del virus. Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos contra el hantavirus en arroceros de un valle ubicado en una zona subtropical del Perú. Métodos. Estudio transversal en una muestra aleatoria de 250 agricultores de arroz obtenida en 2010 en el valle Alto Mayo (región San Martín), que incluyó la obtención de una muestra de sangre en cuyo suero se determinó la presencia de anticuerpos inmunoglobulinas G (IgG) mediante ELISA indirecto, y anticuerpos inmunoglobulinas M (IgM) mediante ELISA de captura. Resultados. Identificamos un caso con anticuerpos IgM (0,40%, IC95%: 0,01 a 2,21), pero no encontramos agricultores con anticuerpos IgG. El caso tenía contacto frecuente con ratas y roedores en la vivienda y campo de cultivo. Conclusión. Mostramos la primera evidencia serológica de infección por hantavirus en la región San Martín.
COVID-19: En este momento podría ser útil el tratamiento antiviral en casos leves
Authors: Ticona Chávez Eduardo , Saavedra Leveau Carlos , Ticona Huaroto César , Hidalgo García Arquímedes
Published: June 2020

La letalidad por COVID-19 así como su rápida diseminación son responsables de la actual crisis mundial; por ello, desde un inicio se buscaron medicamentos con acción antiviral frente a este agente. Es imposible, por ahora, saber qué persona en estado leve desarrollará una elevada carga viral o tiene una predisposición a desarrollar una respuesta extremada del sistema inmune, pero un tratamiento temprano en los casos leves no sólo garantizaría una mayor eficacia, sino que se evitarían los casos severos. En la actualidad no se dispone de ensayos clínicos, doble ciego, aleatroizados, ni metaanálisis para tomar decisiones seguras; mientras tanto, la pandemia avanza en nuestro país, generando dolor y muerte. En este contexto, en el Perú, las sociedades científicas han manifestado la necesidad del uso de medicamentos antivirales, aún con poca evidencia, basado en la probabilidad de éxito previo a un tratamiento, por sus efectos in vitro y por sus efectos clínicos tempranos, tales como: cloroquina, hidroxicloroquina, azitromicina, lopinavir, ritonavir. De esta manera, en el país desde el 29 de marzo de 2020, se dispone de una norma técnica del Ministerio de Salud, que facilita el uso de estos a nivel nacional para los casos moderados y severos. Consideramos que bajo un sistema estructurado, los centros de primer nivel de atención podrían tratar los casos leves de COVID-19. Nuestro país, a través de las estrategias de prevención y control de TB y de ITS/VIH/SIDA, tiene experiencia en el manejo de programas de tratamiento en dicho nivel. Los costos serán menores que los requeridos en el fortalecimiento del tercer nivel de atención.
Quimioterapia metronómica en pacientes con cáncer de mama metastásico
Authors: Soriano-Lorenzo Jorge , Soriano García Jorge , Lima Pérez Mayte
Published: June 2020

La quimioterapia metronómica es un tipo de quimioterapia cuya toxicidad es mínima. Consiste en administrar agentes antineoplásicos habituales a intervalos muy próximos uno del otro y a dosis relativamente bajas durante un tiempo prolongado y sin periodos de descanso farmacológico. Esta terapia reduce la toxicidad y elimina la necesidad de tratamientos de soporte, por lo tanto, el empleo de esta modalidad de tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedad metastásica resulta de gran interés. Muchas investigaciones han evaluado la administración de medicamentos antineoplásicos en esquemas metronómicos, tanto en monoterapia como en combinación. Los fármacos mayormente estudiados son la ciclofosfamida, vinorelbina y capecitabina. Diversos estudios han mostrado la eficacia y tolerancia de esta terapia combinada con la hormonoterapia e inmunoterapia. Es necesaria mayor evidencia científica para definir cuestiones como: pacientes que más beneficio puedan obtener y las combinaciones terapéuticas a emplear de acuerdo al tipo de paciente.
Marketingo orientacijos ypatumai Europos Sąjungos mobiliųjų telekomunikacijų rinkoje
Authors: Kurtinaitienė Jolita
Published: June 2020

Šiame straipsnyje remiantis organizacijų elgsenos perspektyva analizuojama marketingo orientacija Europos Sąjungos mobiliųjų telekomunikacijų rinkoje.Mokslinio tyrimo metu sudarytas marketingo orientacijos matavimo instrumentas, įtraukiantis inovacijų diegimo ir įmonių mokymosi orientacijos vertinimo kriterijus. Apklausos būdu atliktas ES mobiliųjų GSM operatorių marketingo orientacijos empirinis tyrimas. Tikimasi, kad tyrimo rezultatai patvirtins pozityvų marketingo orientacijos, įmonių mokymosi orientacijos ir inovacijų diegimo santykį.
Enterprise Restructuring Evaluation
Authors: Bivainis Juozas , Tamošiūnas Andrius
Published: June 2020

The paper analyses the evaluation model of enterprise restructuring programmes, specifying the techniques of its application in the context of the following proposed criteria: the market share; financial capacity; business development potential; product competitiveness; productivity.The benefit of application of this model in restructuring enterprises is revealed. The greater possibilities to rationalize the restructuring process as well as the use of human, material and financial potentials, to develop potentials of an enterprise and thus to increase its competitiveness are shown.
Goodwill and Criteria for its Recognition in Financial Statements
Authors: Bumane Inga
Published: June 2020

The article summarises a research on goodwill which is one of the most controversial assets. The research includes a comparison between the descriptions of the economic nature of goodwill and an analysis of various valuation methods and accounting policies. The article discusses the internationally recognised problem that there coexist several accepted methods of accounting for goodwill arising from the acquisition of an enterprise, as a result of which the accountancy data of different enterprises and countries are incomparable.
Five Freedoms and their Implications for a Less Developed National Economy
Authors: Čičinskas Jonas
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the issue of the growing role of knowledge as a production factor and its implications for a national economic development. A review of liberalization of goods and services, capital and, however highly selective, labour movement leads to the conclusion that although liberalization extends possibilities for all participating countries to speed up their economic development it does not necessarily serve as an instrument for narrowing the development gap. Deep changes in production processes, linked with rapid changes in information and communication technologies, expose the growing role of knowledge which becomes a separate factor of production. Can knowledge play a role of a factor that could preferentially assist less developed countries in closing the gap in their economic and social evolution? The analysis shows that it rather cannot because the processes and procedures of international political economy are put in action for still the same economic and political goal - to preserve the leading role of developed countries in the global community. Less developed countries, including nations in transition, cannot rely on implementation of all five freedoms in cross-border economic relations, when they aim to narrow the developmental gap; special measures of economic policy. both on the national and international scale, are needed to solve the problem.
Balance of Payments Constrained Economic Growth in the Baltics
Authors: Hansen Jorgen Drud , Kvedaras Virmantas
Published: June 2020

This paper examines, the prospects for economic growth in the three Baltic countries in a framework of a balance of payment constrained growth model. Based on an estimation of income elasticities of imports and assumptions about export growth, GDP growth rates are calculated consistent with balance of payment equilibrium or alternatively, consistent with a given growth rate of capital imports. The results show that the calculated rates of growth for Estonia and Lithuania are lower than the growth rates predicted from traditional supply side oriented growth models.
Organisational Structure and New Product Development in the Australian Grocery Market
Authors: Soldatos Jerry , Hardy Jurate
Published: June 2020

The paper examines the role that organisational structure plays in the new product development process. Various new product development organisational structures are examined and their influence on new product development activities is explained. A review of the literature on organisational structure alternatives for new product development is presented. The research found that the most common organisational structure used for new product development was the product manager and marketing manager.
Differentiated Customers’ Loyalty Development in Relation to Different Customer Lifetime Values
Authors: Loštakova Hana , Kohoutová Martina , Koblížková Andrea
Published: June 2020

This paper shows that it is not effective to increase the total market share at present, but it is more effective to pay attention to increasing the share at key customers (wallet share). Building a differentiated customer relationship management and a customers’ loyalty according to different customer lifetime value (CLTV) is a must. This paper presents the results of a qualitative marketing research by means of the method of individual interviews with SBU managers, marketing managers and sales managers in the Czech industrial firms operating on B-to-B markets. This research was focused on the benefits of customers’ loyalty development and on mapping the customers’ loyalty development instruments available for building long-term relationships with key customers in the contemporary turbulent market environment.
Mokesčių sistemos poveikis verslui ir jo vertinimo tendencijos
Authors: Stačiokas Romas , Mažeika Artūras , Šerėnienė Laima
Published: June 2020

Centrinė ir vietinė valdžia, kad galėtų valdyti ir administruoti, atlikti joms keliamas funkcijas (pareigas), tradiciškai parodyti reikiamą rūpinimąsi skurstančiais ir socialiai remtinais gyventojais ir suteikti jiems paramą, kuo ilgiau išsilaikyti “viešpatavimo olimpe”, apmokestina žmones ir verslo įmones įvairiomis piniginėmis prievolėmis, t. y. valstybiniais ir vietiniais mokesčiais. Šiuo požiūriu netgi teigiama, kad pagrindinis valstybėje vykdomos mokesčių politikos tikslas - panaikinti nedarbą ir infliaciją, daryti teigiamą poveikį visuminei paklausai. Todėl mokesčiai buvo ir bus, nes atsirado susikūrus valstybei ir bus, kol galios valstybė.Atkūrus nepriklausomybę, Lietuvoje mokesčių sistema formavosi kartu vykstant ir kitoms reformoms: keitėsi nuosavybės formos, kainodara, bankų sistema, pinigų ir kredito strategija ir pan. Kiekvieną žingsnį kuriant ir tobulinant nacionalinę mokesčių sistemą daugiausia lėmė sprendimai kitose srityse: bendra ekonominė padėtis, infliacijos lygis, valstybės pinigų ir kredito politika, privataus verslo sektoriaus ir valstybės kontroliuojamos ūkinės komercinės veiklos santykis bei sąveika.Mokesčiai atitinkamai veikia ekonominį funkcionavimą. Šis poveikis gali kisti priklausomai nuo mokesčių rūšies. Antra vertus, svarbu, iš ko ir kokio dydžio mokesčiai imami. Kuo didesni mokesčiai, tuo daugiau nepatogumų ir rūpesčių sukeliama žmonėms (jų vartojimas sumažėja ta dalimi, kokią jie sumoka sumą mokesčių pavidalu į valstybės iždą), padaroma žalos verslo įmonėms, kartu - šalies ekonomikai. Padidinus mokesčius, dažnai efektas priešingas - mokestinės įmokos į valstybės ir savivaldybių biudžetus sumažėja, nes mokesčių mokėtojai ima piktnaudžiauti įstatymais ir yra linkę verstis nelegalia gamybine ar komercine veikla.Reikėtų pažymėti, kad dauguma Lietuvoje dirbančių verslininkų aiškiai supranta, jog mokesčiai - legalios ūkinės ir komercinės veiklos stabilumo ir saugumo pamatas. Ir nors jie sąmoningai moka savo uždirbtų pajamų (pelno) dalį valstybei, tačiau negali logiškai pateisinti kol kas pas mus įsivyravusios situacijos, kodėl visokios diskusijos apie mokesčių panaudojimo efektyvumą ir bendros apmokestinimo naštos didėjimą dažnai laikomos “eretiškomis”, valdžios funkcionierių bandomos įvardyti netgi vengimu mokėti mokesčius ir pan.
Evaluation of International Competitiveness
Authors: Ramanauskas Gediminas
Published: June 2020

Competitiveness can be defined in a number of ways. We can think of it as of a successful performance of a company or organization; or we may talk about competitiveness in a macro context such as a favourable exchange rate of a national currency. Can we also talk about competitiveness of a nation? What is it and how can it be evaluated?There does not seem to be a common definition of what the international competitiveness of nations is. Some feel that the very notion of international competitiveness of nations is unfair and unacceptable. They argue that the nations themselves do not compete, their enterprises do. For others the notion of international competitiveness of nations is fair. They believe that creating appropriate measures of international competitiveness is central for tracking and understanding the sources of competitiveness of countries.In this paper I classify and compare the measures developed by various authors. I suggest that the studies on the measurement of competitiveness can be classified into five groups:1. Particular sector studies.2. Competitiveness studies at the regional / country level.3. Particular competitiveness indicator studies.4. Competitiveness studies at an international level.5. Cross-country economic policy studies.Since the competitiveness studies serve a different audience and purpose, we cannot discuss which is best without first asking: best at what?
Sustaining Innovation: Theory and Policies for new Europe
Authors: Samonis Valdas (Val)
Published: June 2020

The paper attempts to propose a theoretical frame needed to sustain innovation processes in the enlarged European Union. Sustainable innovation processes are seen in the paper as the main driver of competitiveness (and therefore productivity) in the European Union, as called for by the Lisbon Strategy in 2000. Actionable policy and business strategy implications of the proposed theoretical frame are also outlined using a knowledge management perspective. They center on the cluster method of modern development as proposed by Harvard’s Prof. M. Porter. Suggestions for further and related research are also included in the paper.
Transportation and Logistics Networks in the Baltic States: Keys for Successful Economic Development and Integration Into the E.U.
Authors: Spens Karen M. , Kovács Gyongyi , Vellenga David B.
Published: June 2020

This paper aims at reviewing the current state of transport infrastructure in the Baltic States, listing - their main developments and challenges. The interest in the Baltic states originates from two distinct perspectives: their importance as a new market within the EU and their transit function for trade with Russia. Combining these views leads to forecasts of raising trade volumes that the transport infrastructure in the Baltic states must consider. Recent developments, however, point to another direction. In essence, it is questioned how long the Baltic States will be able to function as a gateway for other EU member states to the Russian market. The paper therefore discusses new logistics trends, mainly focusing on the importance of supply chain management (SCM) and a supply chain orientation in providing future opportunities for the transport sector and logistics service providers in the Baltic states.
External Environment, Trust and East-West Trade
Authors: Thach Sharon , Marsnik Susan J. , Lukošius Vaidotas
Published: June 2020

A model of trust and commitment in international interfirm alliances in conditions of legal uncertainty/hostility is presented with propositions for testing. Conditions in four Central and East European countries are profiled with respect to varying legal environments and the potential effects of those environments on foreign investment and cooperation.
Funding of Higher Education in Lithuania in the Context of Foreign Experience
Authors: Šileika Algis , Tamašauskienė Zita
Published: June 2020

During the last decade, a significant development of higher education in Western Europe (WE) and OECD countries took place, particularly in Lithuania. The general number of tertiary students increased up to 2.9 times within the period 1996-2003. However, at the same time funding per student significantly decreased. The article addresses private and public higher education benefits and states that to ensure additional periodic funding of higher education it is necessary to target more to the new funding mechanisms which allow for different process participants to share in a more efficient way the educational costs and benefits. Advantages and deficiencies of different types (models) of loans used by students in foreign countries are provided, stating that the greatest number of advantages when funding investments to higher education is found in income-contingent loans.In the opinion of the authors, in order to increase the funding of higher education we should refer more to students’ payments for studies, at the same time increasing financial support for students when granting loans and providing the opportunities for all students to get such support.
Model of Systematic Assessment of Competitiveness in Branches of Economics. Its Application in the Food Sector
Authors: Dubinas Valentinas , Stonkuviene Renė
Published: June 2020

Assessment of competitiveness in different branches of economy still remains to be a problem both in theory and in practice. The earlier introduced models were either too complicated to implement or did not meet the management objectives based on strategic marketing. Competitiveness in the authors’ model is measured by economic indicators, since they enable to assess most accurately the competitiveness of any kind of production. Though the present model is based on the food sector, it may be successfully used in other branches of economy. The results presented in the paper may be applied for developing short- or long-term strategies in the food sector.
Ekonomikos fakulteto plėtra: problemos ir naujos galimybės
Authors: Galinienė Birutė
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje apibūdinamas ir įvertinamas Vilniaus universiteto Ekonomikos fakulteto plėtros galimybės ir problemos atsižvelgiant į turimą mokslinį pedagoginį ir techninį potencialą. Atskleidžiami esami objektyvūs ir subjektyvūs studijų ir mokslo plėtotės fakultete trukdžiai, susiejant juos su mokslinių rezultatų vertinimo sistemos problemomis. Dėmesio skiriama apibūdinti studijų programų struktūros tobulinimo ir kokybės gerinimo galimybes. Doktorantūros studijų, kaip akademinės pamainos rengimo, kokybė ir efektyvumas ypač opi fakulteto problema - jai straipsnyje skiriamas išskirtinis dėmesys. Ne mažiau svarbi ir tarptautinio bendradarbiavimo sritis, todėl straipsnyje stengtasi parodyti, kokiame gi kelio tarpsnyje šiuo požiūriu yra Ekonomikos fakultetas.