bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contes nocturnes et sabbat au village en 1730
Authors: Privat Jean-Marie
Published: October 2024

En 1730, un curé de village docteur en théologie rapporte dans un mémoire publié dans le Mercure de France qu’une sorte de charivari aérien, nocturne et diabolique, ensauvage périodiquement les nuits de ses paroissiens. L’homme d’Église fait d’abord l’hypothèse que ces histoires sont à dormir debout – lui, il n’entendra jamais rien – et que leur imagination est comme endiablée par les contes de revenants qui se disent et se vivent dans les campagnes. Mais, peu à peu, devant l’insistance des témoins les plus dignes de foi…, il en vient à douter. Son embarras intellectuel ne cesse alors de croître. L’ombre gagne sur les Lumières. Ce désordre symbolique introduit en effet à un désordre dans le symbolique – le retour des morts – qui se présente confusément à tous comme le retour d’un refoulé culturel. Ces mauvais morts qui font les mauvais vivants sont en effet des motifs anciens de récits de peur que la culture paysanne orale continue de colporter à la veillée. La déraison folklorique fait vaciller la rationalité hégémonique, la centralité du cogito pré-moderne (écrit, urbain, bourgeois, officiel, orthodoxe).
Naples 1452
Authors: Bistagne Florence
Published: October 2024

Au printemps 1452 entre Rome et Naples se produit une succession d’événements importants pour la politique internationale contemporaine : couronnement de l’Empereur Frédéric III, mariage de celui-ci avec l’infante du Portugal, baptême du futur roi de Naples et grandes fêtes données par Alphonse d’Aragon. Ils sont rapportés dans des écrits de nature différente mais la mémoire en est aussi faite par des œuvres littéraires. On examine ici comment la mise en récit des événements en dessine la hiérarchie et fabrique, in fine, un événement digne de mémoire. Ici tout s’efface devant la mémoire littéraire de la magnificence du roi de Naples.
L’oralité et ses formes dans la fabrique de l’événement
Authors: Brutelle Laure
Published: October 2024

Alors que le dialogue renaissant devient un instrument privilégié pour exprimer des opinions souvent sensibles en ce premier tiers du XVIe siècle, paraît le Castillo inexpugnable defensorio de la fee publié à Burgos en 1528. Présenté par son auteur Gonzalo de Arredondo comme chronique de son temps, ce traité adressé à Charles Quint dans un contexte européen politique et religieux troublé fait un sort particulier à l’événement et à son traitement. Nous analyserons comment, dans ce texte polyphonique à la forme hybride, le recours à l’oralité comme mécanisme discursif permet de construire une certaine histoire, au service de l’affirmation de la nécessité du projet idéologique de guerre sainte.
L’oralité fantasmée de l’histoire
Authors: Stambul Léo
Published: October 2024

À l’occasion du passage du Rhin par l’armée de Louis XIV en 1672, nombre d’acteurs de l’écriture de l’histoire entreprennent d’enregistrer l’événement dans la mémoire collective. Journaux, poèmes, médailles : tous les supports sont mis en usage pour célébrer le roi. Dans chaque cas, malgré l’absence de témoignage précis, les auteurs inventent une fiction de parole censée donner l’impression d’avoir été produite et saisie au plus près de l’événement, sous le coup de l’émerveillement. La comparaison de ces différentes façons de mobiliser l’oralité permet alors d’interroger les fantasmes qui traversent les différents régimes de l’écriture de l’histoire dans le contexte de la monarchie absolue.
Celebrating diversity: The origins and pathways of three support-verb constructions
Authors: Fendel Victoria Beatrix
Published: October 2024

Support-verb constructions are combinations of a verb and a noun that fill the predicate slot of a sentence, such as to make a suggestion in I made the suggestion that she join us. While qualifying as semantic-lexemic phrasemes (collocations and idioms) in Mel’čuk’s Sens-Texte framework, they sit at the lexicon-syntax interface. They qualify as verbal multi-word expressions lexically speaking and form complex predicates syntactically. In classical and post-classical Greek, support-verb constructions form an internally heterogenous group of constructions, yet one that has existed since the earliest records of the language and survives into the modern variety. The present chapter capitalises on the over 2000 years of continuous written history of Greek, and the internal heterogeneity of the group of support-verb constructions, in that it investigates the origins and pathways of three members of this group in the literary (Thesaurus Linguae Graecae) and documentary (Duke Database of Documentary Papyri) corpora of Greek. The bulk of documentary texts dates from the 3rd c. BC onwards, whereas the earliest literary texts date from around the 8th c. BC. The variety of sources allows us to trace the three structures of interest through the centuries in varying environments and thus to trace traditions and independent developments. δίκην δίδωμι dikēn didōmi existed as a collocation ‘to give judgement(s)’ from archaic times and into the medieval period, in classical times, the idiom δίκην δίδωμι dikēn didōmi ‘to pay the price for one’s actions’ arose and became indexed for the technical and higher registers. In χάριν ἀπολαμβάνω kharin apolambanō ‘to receive a favour’, the prototypical compound ἀπολαμβάνω apolambanō seems to be diatopically and subsequently diastratically indexed but retreats into the higher registers after the classical period; the canonical simplex verb λαμβάνω lambanō predates it in early classical verse and postdates it. προσέχω τὸν νοῦν prosekhō ton noun exists as an idiom especially in medical discourse from at least classical times onwards but in parallel also as a pragmateme from archaic times onwards. Support-verb constructions are a pattern that is considered near universal in languages, such that especially the methodological tool of the support-verb-construction field developed and drawn upon in this chapter is transferable beyond Greek.
Logick in Pieces: a Stratigraphic Conversation in Woolf’s Diary
Authors: Amselle Frédérique
Published: October 2024

In this paper I contend that Virginia Woolf is not merely keeping records of her holidays in her Warboys Diary of 1899 but is also introducing a complex form of conversation within the narrative. The author opens the frontiers of everyday writing to a conversation with a potential reader, and undertakes a literary conversation with other genres. Additionally she creates a process of material conversation with an eighteenth-century book, thus transforming her diary into an ‘art object’ and autobiographical writing into an ‘auto-strati-graphy’.
‘The Ebb and Flow of Conversation’: a Metaphorics of Maternal Presence
Authors: Smith-DiBiasio Anne-Marie
Published: October 2024

The exposé proposes to examine conversation in Woolf’s works as an ebb and flow which is audible as recitative in the ‘sea’ novels: To the Lighthouse, The Waves and The Voyage Out and might be read as an undercurrent of continuity which is a metaphor of the mother’s voice. Through close reading of various extracts we analyse this recitative in terms of a poetics of refrain and anaphora giving rise to a rythmic anteriority which silences prose in a way Virginia Woolf herself recognised as proper to both the poetic per se and to the sea. This poetics is often based on a character’s reminiscence of words spoken, as words recalled and repeated in states of semi-consciousness—after dinner, before sleep—recover the intensity of their acoustic and visual potential, silencing semantics. Conversation in this sense is linked not so much to the spoken, as to orality, prosody, what G. M. Hopkins called ‘the record of speech in writing’.
Networks as Catalysts of Entrepreneurial Dynamics in Low-Income Territories: A Case Study of Five African Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
Authors: Guéneau Grégory , Chabaud Didier , Sauvannet Marie-Christine Chalus
Published: October 2024

What distinguishes an entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) that supports entrepreneurial dynamics from one that does not? Despite being a hot issue, several scholars address the paucity of empirical studies that attempt to explain the overall functioning of EEs. To provide this perspective, we present a novel study of the theoretical and methodological facets of the interorganizational network among EE actors at the national level. Exploratory research based on network theory is conducted in five low-income African nations to better understand the organizational models of these EEs and their effects on businesses and regions. Innovative research techniques such as web scraping, quantitative graph theory, and qualitative comparative analysis are used in this study. Metrics of interorganizational ties such as closeness, cohesiveness, and interconnectivity are crucial to this viewpoint because they are fundamental causal factors for understanding the genesis of high rates of entrepreneurial dynamics in these low-income countries. To facilitate the spread of entrepreneurial support components to entrepreneurs, this study emphasizes the importance of the characteristics of EE networks and, consequently, of the interactions between their actors. It also emphasizes how crucial it is for knowledge and information to move freely inside an EE, as well as how important it is to have a strong collaborative and cooperative environment. Thus, a deeper comprehension of EEs helps us identify the circumstances that are generally favorable for alliance games and coopetition to flourish in a given region.
Fonds Vautours, Coûts Cognitifs et Faillite des LBO
Authors: Balume Fidèle
Published: October 2024

Nous explorons la détresse financière des entreprises sous LBO en vue d’expliquer la faillite de ces entreprises. Nous démontrons qu’il existe un lien entre la présence des Fonds Vautours (FV) et l’accroissement de la probabilité de faillite des LBO. Notre étude exploratoire suggère que les caractéristiques des entreprises sous LBO facilitent l’action des FV. Leur stratégie ne se limite pas à l’utilisation du pouvoir de contrôle discrétionnaire, mais s’étend à des méthodes non conventionnelles comme des campagnes médiatiques et d’autres méthodes informelles. L’action des fonds vautours contribue à la faillite de l’entreprise à travers deux principaux facteurs : les différents biais de valorisation à chaque étape de leur action et les coûts cognitifs résiduels. L’accroissement des coûts cognitifs associés aux divergences entre dirigeants et fonds vautours n’est pas lié à un problème de compétence des dirigeants.
L’action publique urbaine des petites villes au défi de l’altermétropolisation
Authors: Texier Élodie
Published: October 2024

Cet article a pour ambition de questionner le renouvellement de l’action publique urbaine des petites villes à travers le prisme de l’altermétropolisation. Depuis les crises sociales et sanitaires successives, les petites villes en France connaissent un engouement inédit autant du côté de la recherche en géographie que de celui des pouvoirs publics. Le programme d’action « Petites Villes de Demain » lancé fin 2020 semble répondre à ce nouvel élan. Alors que ce dispositif aurait pu inciter les décideurs publics à repenser la rénovation urbaine des petites villes et de leur centre-ville, force est de constater que le modèle urbain néolibéral reste dominant dans la fabrique urbaine. Nous nous sommes alors demandé si ce référentiel « CAME » (Compétitivité, Attractivité, Métropolisation et Excellence) était appliqué à la rénovation des centres-villes des petites villes et s’il répondait aux attentes des usagers. Pour ce faire, nous nous appuierons sur les résultats d’une étude menée entre 2020 et 2021 auprès des usagers de quatre petites villes (population communale comprise entre 2 500 et 10 000 habitants) situées en Nouvelle-Aquitaine. En soulignant les écarts entre l’action publique urbaine locale et « l’expression » des usagers, ces résultats questionneront l’intérêt de la participation des usagers dans le processus d’altermétropolisation, en présentant une hiérarchisation renouvelée des fonctions urbaines des centres-villes des petites villes.
La création dans l’espace public, laboratoire artistique de pratiques altermétropolitaines
Authors: Aparis Jutard Léna
Published: October 2024

Par la création artistique hors des lieux dédiés, les arts de la rue modifient les modes de production des espaces publics urbains contemporains et participent ainsi à un renouvellement de la perception et des usages de la ville. Ces contre-propositions culturelles et territoriales sont donc productrices d’innovation sociale, puisqu’elles transgressent l’ordre établi en impulsant la mise en commun d’espaces urbains par les artistes et le public, dans un cadre majoritairement non marchand. En ce sens, les arts de la rue peuvent être envisagés comme laboratoire de l’altermétropolisation par l’expérimentation. La progressive institutionnalisation de ce monde de l’art ainsi que son caractère éphémère méritent toutefois d’être questionnés, puisque cela semble limiter sa dimension oppositionnelle.
Robert Jammes: el Gozo y la Sensatez
Authors: Tenorio Martha Lilia
Published: October 2024

En 1996 Antonio Alatorre publia un long compte rendu des Soledades éditées par Robert Jammes (Madrid, Castalia, 1994). Le compte rendu célèbre le travail rigoureux et passionné du gongoriste français, revient sur chaque aspect traité dans l’introduction, en faisant des commentaires complémentaires et des ajouts qui représentent des apports importants qui complètent le travail de R. Jammes. Celui-ci remercie Alatorre, répond à chacune des suggestions et des objections dans une lettre qui montre très clairement la capacité d’autocritique, l’éthique de travail, l’ouverture au dialogue universitaire de haut niveau, enfin, toutes les qualités qui caractérisent le grand critique et spécialiste qu’était Robert Jammes.
Sangre y sol en el Arauco domado de Lope de Vega: simbología metafórica para una comedia histórico-nobiliaria
Authors: Mata Induráin Carlos
Published: October 2024

Arauco domado de Lope de Vega (publiée en 1625, mais probablement écrite vers 1599-1603) est une comédie historico-nobiliaire destinée à faire l’éloge de Don García Hurtado de Mendoza, dans le cadre d’une vaste campagne de propagande visant à contrer l’image négative du IVe marquis de Cañete donnée par Ercilla dans La Araucana. Le texte de la pièce crée, autour des concepts de sang et de soleil, un réseau complexe d’allusions métaphoriques de haute valeur symbolique, qui renvoient à différentes idées et significations.
James MacMillan dans son opéra The Sacrifice (2007) : un « compositeur de quelque part » ou un « compositeur de partout » ?
Authors: Héberlé Jean-Philippe
Published: October 2024

Cet article vise à analyser comment The Sacrifice (2007) du compositeur écossais James MacMillan s’inscrit dans plusieurs sphères géographiques littéraires et musicales. L’ancrage britannique se situe dans le choix de l’hypotexte du livret, mais aussi à travers certains thèmes ou références musicales et littéraires qui font écho à d’autres compositeurs britanniques d’opéras. Cependant, si The Sacrifice par certains éléments relève de la tradition britannique, d’autres éléments l’inscrivent dans le genre opéra en général (airs, duo, chœurs, etc.) ou appartiennent à d’autres sphères culturelles. Enfin, l’éclectisme musical de James MacMillan, qui emprunte à différentes traditions savantes et populaires, nous conduira à nous interroger sur la manière dont la musique du compositeur écossais s’ancre dans le paysage musical contemporain.
La place du monde anglophone dans les livrets d’Eugène Scribe
Authors: Cailliez Matthieu
Published: October 2024

Eugène Scribe (1791-1861) est l’auteur de 425 pièces de théâtre, dont 94 livrets d’opéras-comiques et trente livrets d’opéras, créés dans dix-neuf théâtres parisiens, un théâtre de province et trois théâtres étrangers. Ces ouvrages assurent à leur auteur de son vivant un très large succès national et international. L’objet de cette contribution consiste dans l’étude générale de la place du monde anglophone dans l’ensemble des livrets d’opéras et d’opéras-comiques de Scribe, qu’il s’agisse d’adaptations d’auteurs anglophones, d’ouvrages comportant des personnages anglais ou d’intrigues situées dans un pays anglophone (Angleterre, Écosse, Pays de Galles, Irlande, États-Unis, Inde). L’histoire de l’Angleterre en général et les règnes d’Édouard III, Henri VII, Elizabeth Ire et Charles II en particulier, font office de réservoir thématique de livrets pour au moins quatre opéras-comiques de Scribe. Trois romans de Walter Scott et une pièce de théâtre de Shakespeare ont inspiré deux livrets d’opéras-comiques et un livret d’opéra italien.
Storia, caos informativo e postverità: tra propaganda sovranista e uso pubblico della storia
Authors: Sgobio Michele
Published: October 2024

Sempre più spesso ci troviamo di fronte a informazioni storiche che non rispecchiano le ricostruzioni degli storici, o che a esse si avvicinano solo in parte. Queste informazioni, assieme ad altre che riguardano l’attualità politica, o le scoperte scientifiche, contribuiscono ad alimentare un contesto caratterizzato dalla «confusione informativa». Perché vengono diffuse? Qual è lo scopo di chi le mette in circolo? La «confusione informativa» è un tratto caratteristico della nostra epoca o, nel corso del Novecento, sono riscontrabili fenomeni simili? A queste domande cercherò di rispondere in questo articolo.
The Journalistic Experience of Tiziano Terzani in China (1980-1984)
Authors: Capisani Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

L’esperienza giornalistica di Tiziano Terzani nella Cina di Deng Xiaoping rappresenta una preziosa testimonianza per comprendere il clima della transizione dall’economia socialista pianificata all’economia socialista di mercato. Le vicende di Terzani forniscono non soltanto nuove informazioni sulla storia cinese, ma mostrano inoltre la varietà del giudizio straniero sulle riforme di Deng. I piani economico e sociale sono importanti, ma l’ambito politico rappresenta il punto centrale su cui si gioca l’esperienza di Terzani. Il materiale d’archivio italiano e le fonti pubblicate in cinese contribuiscono ad approfondire questi aspetti.
Conservation préventive, le témoignage d’un pionnier : entretien avec Gaël de Guichen
Authors: Guillemard Denis , Guichen Gaël de
Published: October 2024

L’interview de Gaël de Guichen retrace les grandes étapes d’une carrière entièrement consacrée à la sauvegarde et à la diffusion du patrimoine. Il a été un inlassable propagateur des principes de prévention qu’il a façonnés et développés au sein de l’ICCROM. Grâce à lui, le champ de la prévention s’est élargi, devenant, au fil des ans, une méthode globale de protection du patrimoine. Les derniers développements de son action ont porté sur l’implication du public dans la démarche préventive et sur la terminologie.
الجبال التلية الشرقية : مقاربة أحادية لمجال محلي
Authors: بوكرزازة حسني , بوغابة عبد الحميد
Published: October 2024

إن المحلي هو ما يرتبط بالمكان، و يكون قاعدة الفضاء الجغرافي، و يشكل بدون منازع الحلقة الأولى لبنية ذات ترتيب معين. و يتحدد المحلي بالجزائر من خلال تنظيم تدرجي تبعا للعلو و المناخ. ينتظم المحلي في المناطق الشمالية بواسطة حلقة شدودة، بينما نجده في المناطق الجنوبية يغير من مستوى تدرجه و يتركب من حلقات رخوة.يتميز الفضاء التلي الجبلي بإنحنائه الشديد، و باكتظاظه الكثيف بالسكان منذ القدم. و يشكل المبني السكني العنصر المحوري الذي تنتظم حوله الحياة المحلية، كما يقيم علاقات وطيدة مع العديد من العوامل الخارجية التي تتحكم في إعداد الفضاء. و لعل تمسك التجمعات المحلية بالأرض و بنظام إنتاجي عريق جعل من الزراعة نشاطا أساسيا، على الرغم من احتاله مكانة متواصفة في مجال الشغل. إن الزراعة هي التي تكيف و تعدّ الموقع، و كذا توجه حياة السكان.و على الرغم من سمة الضعف التي تطبعه في علاقته مع الشبكات، يتميز هذا الفضاء المحلي الجبلي بالثراء من حيث تنوع الفضاءات المحلية الصغيرة التي تركبه، إذ تتعدد المفارقات التي تحدده، مهما كانت حالته سواء تمثلت في التأزم، أو الركود، أو التحول أو التغير المتقدم. يعتمد هذه الفضاء، الذي تجاهلته السلطات العمومية، على تنظيم التجمعات المحلية المتاضمنة، التي توظف آليات و ممارسات تعويضية تسمح لهم بالتكيف مع مختلف التحولات التي تعرفها البلاد.تسمح معرفة الفضاءات المحلية بتوجية التنظيم الإقليمي نحو وضع شبكات مقبولة و غير مفروضة، و كذا بتأسيس ديمقراطية إقليمية و مباشرة إعادة تموضع السلطة لصالح التجمعات المحلية.
The Value of Quality: Conflicting Orders of Worth Assigning the Quality of Space
Authors: Meier Nina
Published: October 2024

This paper adds to the discussion on quality of space by analyzing it through the lens of valuation theory, thus introducing an evaluative notion of quality that moves beyond the descriptive identification of general spatial characteristics.The first section of the paper argues that quality conveys an affirmative connotation derived from an evaluator’s positive assessment of an object’s properties. Building on this, the second part links the evaluative conceptualization of quality to orders of worth (Boltanski, Thévenot, 2006). Accordingly, the paper defines the quality of space as those spatial characteristics that are of relative value within a subject’s order of worth. The third section illustrates these conceptualizations by analyzing the redevelopment of Potsdamer Platz in Berlin during the 1990s and the orders of worth that shaped this historical event. This analysis shows how orders of worth generate conflicts regarding the quality of space but also foster alliances and complicities in such a way that certain spatial arrangements get realized while others do not.
La sociologia di Max Weber
Authors: Rossi Pietro
Published: October 2024

The long essay La sociologia di Max Weber, divided into two parts («Quaderni di Sociologia» n. 12 and n. 13, 1954) reconstructs Weber’s theoretical-methodological path of reflection by deepening the meaning of his theses, often too trivialized in the vulgate, on the value-free nature of research, the conditional explanation through ideal types that give meaning to connections, the mutual relationship between economy and culture mediated by economic ethics, its derivation from the comparison of religions and from the explanation offered of the individuality of Western capitalism, the transition thus made in the succession of Weber’s studies from historiography to sociology.
Oggettività scientifica e premesse di valore
Authors: Rossi Pietro
Published: October 2024

The essay Oggettività scientifica e premesse di valore (1964), reproduces a speech held in Heidelberg in 1964 in dialogue with Talcott Parsons, traces in Weberian writings the different stages of ’choosing’ points of view to establish relevance, to carry out the description and conceptualisation of phenomena, for the formulation of hypotheses, inherent to any research process. It clarifies how values can inspire a researcher but not influence the results.
La sociologia in Italia
Authors: Rossi Pietro
Published: October 2024

La sociologia in Italia. Strutture universitarie e organizzazione della ricerca (1973) explores the theoretical ’reasons’ of dissent from the sociology of Croce, Gentile and Gramsci, and a subsequent rapprochement between sociologists and Gramscian studies, by the work of two important reflections by Pizzorno and Gallino in 1958. Explores the multiplication of teachings and locations, both university and non-university, of sociological research, mostly dedicated to problems of development and underdevelopment of Italian society. He points out numerous critical issues in this process of affirmation: lack of a centre, ephemeral extra-academic penetration, difficult dialogue with a reformist politician who is himself weak.
Manichini alla riscossa
Authors: Rossi Pietro
Published: October 2024

Manichini alla riscossa (2021) traces the beginnings of the institutionalization of the discipline in Turin, Ivrea, Milan and its first expansion in Bologna, Naples, Rome, Catania thanks to very different people and institutions, inside and outside the universities. It is underlined that another opponent of the time, Carlo Antoni, actually had no notion of the sociology that was developing well after its positivist origins: the homo sociologicus was a mannequin for him.
Corps combattant
Authors: Jeanne Teboul
Published: October 2024

« Rares sont les entreprises où vos collègues ne perdent jamais une occasion de vous soutenir », indiquait le slogan d’une récente campagne de recrutement de l’Armée de terre française. Rares aussi sont les métiers où l’engagement requis comprend une telle extrémité ; le choix de servir sous les drapeaux implique d’admettre l’éventualité d’avoir à donner ou recevoir la mort. Mais comment y parvient-on ? Comment l’institution militaire s’y prend-elle pour transformer de jeunes civils en soldats professionnels prêts à se battre y compris jusqu’au sacrifice de leur propre existence ? Fondé sur une enquête ethnographique conduite dans un centre d’instruction militaire auprès de recrues et de leurs formateurs, cet ouvrage interroge les modalités concrètes et enjeux de la fabrique des combattants. Devenir soldat nécessite d’incorporer des techniques et savoir-faire spécifiques, d’aguerrir son corps, d’accroître sa force et sa résistance au prix d’une discipline intense. Mais au-delà, il s’agit d’intégrer une communauté soudée et homogène, de « faire corps » autour de valeurs, de rituels et de traditions partagés qui dépassent le strict cadre de l’instruction opérationnelle. Homme de métier, le soldat est un homme qui doit faire la preuve de ses qualités « viriles » : courage, dépassement de soi et capacité à (faire) endurer la violence se trouvent ainsi au cœur de l’esprit de corps que l’on cherche à transmettre. En dévoilant la pluralité des enseignements militaires, cette recherche met au jour le caractère complexe et parfois ambigu d’une formation dans laquelle il s’agit tout à la fois d’apprendre à combattre et parader. À la croisée d’une ethnologie des savoirs, du corps sexué et des identités socioprofessionnelles, cet ouvrage propose un regard sur une institution politique de premier plan, aujourd’hui particulièrement visible dans l’espace social et pourtant encore largement inaperçue des sciences sociales.
When Panache l’écureuil became Pompom the Little Red Squirrel and Mischief the Squirrel: the Anglophone translations of Père Castor’s Roman des Bêtes and the cultural significance of adding a “little” word
Authors: Bardet Mary
Published: October 2024

By combining textual analysis with archival evidence from Les Archives du Père Castor (Meuzac, France) and the George Allen & Unwin Ltd. Archive (University of Reading, UK), this paper sets out to examine and assess the respective merits of two parallel sets of translations, each subtly adapted for separate Anglophone markets. Methods drawn from corpus linguistics were employed to compare linguistic patterns and examine key words across sixteen translated picture books, with particular attention given to the word “little”, a distinctive feature in Anglophone children’s literature. Whilst all translations could be said to bear the marks of the shadowy fingerprints of their translators, the examination of two sets of concurrent translations also provides a snapshot of a precise moment in translation history, allowing us to move beyond the act of translation and seek out wider received notions of cultural norms present in children’s picture books of the 1930s.
Dans les entrailles de la machine. Anthropologie filmique d’une usine de mécanique industrielle
Authors: Michau Nadine
Published: October 2024

Depuis 2010 je déploie des dispositifs filmiques pour faire raconter le travail, j’ai récemment entrepris une enquête filmée dans une petite usine de l’industrie mécanique à Vierzon dans laquelle on fabrique des presses hydrauliques. L’objectif était de montrer comment, après la dernière période de désindustrialisation des années 1990, s’est maintenue cette TPE qui, à l’instar de bien d’autres aujourd’hui, reflète en partie le tissu économique industriel français. Implantée depuis 1946, cette usine a connu des reconfigurations profondes jusqu’à sa transformation en SCOP dans les années 1980. Elle est passée de 160 salariés à 7 aujourd’hui. Ces hommes continuent de fabriquer des machines-outils sur mesure pour de grands groupes industriels (Valeo, Dassault, Schneider…). Je suis allée régulièrement filmer seule la fabrication des machines dont une en particulier, la machine 12 256. Pendant deux ans, caméra en main j’ai adopté une posture très immersive qui me semblait la méthode la plus appropriée pour entendre et voir les gestes du travail. Langage et gestes sont articulés dans chaque plan montrant de nouveau comment chaque détail pratique est lié à une culture individuelle et collective.
« La connaissance biologique est un acte créateur ». Du néo-kantisme de Goldstein à l’anti-cartésianisme du mouvement structuraliste français
Authors: Sager Malika
Published: October 2024

Dans cet article, nous interrogeons les apports de la pensée biologique de Goldstein à la philosophie française dans l’immédiat après-guerre. Nous commençons par rappeler l’idée de l’homme dans la neurologie contemporaine de Goldstein. Nous relatons ensuite la querelle entre biologistes mécanistes et vitalistes, afin de montrer que la critique du concept de réflexe est la condition pour penser la biologie comme un acte créateur. Enfin, nous exposons comment la critique structuraliste du sujet s’est emparée du structuralisme allemand pour alimenter sa contestation de l’idée d’une nature humaine fondée sur la raison.
Coming to Terms with “Self-Actualization”: The Reception of Kurt Goldstein in Humanistic Psychotherapy
Authors: Moya Diez Iván
Published: October 2024

The ideals and practices of self-improvement aimed at achieving a sense of self-realization of our lives have permeated popular culture since the mid-20th century, largely due to the work of American humanistic psychologists. This paper delves into the popularization of these notions, arguing that they partially stem from a particular American appropriation of the German neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein’s concept of self-actualization. First, the paper examines Goldstein’s encounter with American psychology, tracing his early interest in psychotherapy, the stages of his forced migration to America, and the reception of his work within American psychology. Second, it offers an analysis of the interpretations and applications of Goldstein’s holistic approach and its concept of self-actualization by humanistic practitioners, notably Abraham Maslow’s theory of motivation and Carl Rogers’s client-centered approach to psychotherapy. Finally, the paper closes with a critical discussion of the distinction between Goldstein’s approach, which emphasizes the creative process of a “coming to terms” between organism and environment, and humanistic psychotherapy, which underscores individual responsibility.
L’anthropologie philosophique de Kurt Goldstein
Authors: Dumont Martin
Published: October 2024

Cet article s’efforce de restituer les grandes lignes de l’anthropologie philosophique de Kurt Goldstein, en montrant par ailleurs comment le projet d’une telle anthropologie a trouvé forme dans la relecture d’un matériau clinique. On souligne l’originalité d’une anthropologie qui se veut enracinée dans la description de la pathologie et du soin, selon une méthode critique qui refuse d’autres manières possibles de dessiner la figure de l’homme à partir de l’expérience clinique. On s’efforce par là de montrer comment une lecture de Goldstein renouvelée est possible, moins dépendante des lectures canguilhémienne et merleau-pontienne pourtant fondatrices pour le public francophone.
À propos de quelques lettres inédites d’Alexandre Louria à Kurt Goldstein
Authors: Métraux Alexandre , Frisch Stefan
Published: October 2024

L’analyse des circonstances dans lesquelles Alexandre Louria s’adressa par lettre à Kurt Goldstein jette quelque lumière sur le contexte historique de leur raison d’être. D’une part, les documents témoignent du vif intérêt que Louria et, avec lui, quelques jeunes chercheurs montrèrent dans les années 1930 pour les ouvrages de Goldstein. D’autre part, les documents datant des années d’après-guerre expriment le début de liens personnels plus que collégiaux entre deux neurologues (ou neuropsychologues) incontestés.
Sustaining Wellness
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder
Published: October 2024

This proposed chapter aims to explore the key elements of wellness programmes at the workplace. In this chapter, the focus is on the fundamentals of wellness programmes, including various initiatives. The study will recognise the significance of employee well-being for organisational performance. Outlining the components of a comprehensive and effective wellness program may help readers better understand it. In subsequent sections, the research will clarify the numerous benefits of wellness programmes in the workplace, including better health, more productivity, less absenteeism, and higher levels of job satisfaction. Nevertheless, there are challenges along the way to creating an effective wellness programme. The present study highlights and deliberate the problems that organizations often face, such as limited resources, disinterested employees, and difficult-to-quantify program success. This chapter shall help organizations continue staying ahead of the wave and build further improvements in their health initiatives by bringing insight into forthcoming trends.
Detecting the Severity of Depression in Online Forum Data by Leveraging Implicit Semantic Inferences
Authors: Thialakratne Shaveen , Welgama Viraj , Weerasinghe Ruvan
Published: October 2024

Depression, a prevalent mental health disorder with global implications, exerts a profound negative influence on individuals’ lives. While the prediction of depression (as a binary classification task) is a well-established research area, depression severity detection is a new research direction with limited studies. In the context of detecting the severity of depression through online forum data, this research endeavors to offer two distinct solutions by employing Ada embeddings, GPT 3.5 Turbo, and LIWC as feature engineering techniques, while AutoSklearn serves as the ensemble learning algorithm. Notably, the outcomes of this study significantly outperform existing state-of-the-art models on both depression severity annotated datasets used in this research. The results also showcase the potential reuse nature of the proposed models in diverse data sources due to their high performance in both datasets. Furthermore, as a valuable practical outcome, a software prototype has been developed, capable of providing the depression severity level, along with associated symptoms and keywords, upon inputting an online forum post.
Multi-Hop Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Uyanhewage Janadhi , Welgama Viraj , Weerasinghe Ruvan
Published: October 2024

Multi-Hop Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs (MHQA-KG) plays a pivotal role in various applications, including but not limited to Question Answering, Recommendation Systems, and Semantic Search. Nevertheless, current models for MHQA have limitations in their ability to grasp all the information included in the question, resulting a reduction in accuracy when producing answers. In order to mitigate this limitation, this paper proposes a novel Multi-Hop Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs approach. It mainly utilizes question and path embedding to answer multi-hop questions, significantly improving accuracy. This approach effectively captures auxiliary information that may present in the question. The experimental findings provide evidence that the suggested methodology outperforms the current state-of-the-art models, achieving highly accurate outcomes with improvements.
Consideration of Dynamic Stall on Rotorcraft Airfoil Design
Authors:   The Pennsylvania State University, Vieira Bernardo , Maughmer Mark
Published: October 2024

Traditional rotorcraft airfoil design is based on steady-flow aerodynamics that are not representative of helicopters in forward flight. This is particularly true at high speed and high thrust conditions, when the rotor is susceptible to dynamic stall and its many negative consequences. The high loads associated with this phenomenon often become major drivers in the structural and aerodynamic design of a rotor. In this paper, traditional design requirements are revisited to include the effects of dynamic stall and new ways to qualifying rotorcraft airfoils are proposed. Design studies that demonstrate the role of trailing-edge separation in the dynamic stall behavior of airfoils are presented. The design manipulations are handled by an inverse-design, conformal mapping method, and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes equations (URANS) are used to predict the performance of airfoils under pitch motion. It is found that a proper tailoring of the trailing-edge separation development can provide adequate dynamic stall characteristics and minimize penalties in drag and nose-down pitching moment. The applied methodology can aid with the design of airfoils that are more suited for application at high loading conditions.
Dynamic Stall Control on Rotor Airfoil via Combination of Synthetic Jet and Droop Leading-Edge
Authors:   Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhao Guo-qing , Zhao Qi-jun
Published: October 2024

A novel strategy of dynamic stall control for rotor airfoil via combinational method by using variable-droop leading edge (VDLE) and synthetic jet is numerically investigated. As foundations, body-fitted grids around oscillatory rotor airfoil with VDLE are regenerated by reconstruction of airfoil and solution of Poisson equations, and the unsteady flowfield around airfoil is simulated by solving RANS equations. To improve the computational accuracy and efficiency, the ROE-MUSCL scheme, k-ε SST turbulence model and implicit LU-SGS scheme are adopted. Additional, a suction/blowing type boundary condition is established to simulate the periodic synthetic jet. Based upon the CFD method, verified results indicate that dynamic stall vortex could be significantly suppressed by individual VDLE and synthetic jet, and the combinational method could further improve aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil comparing to individual control method. Furthermore, parametric analyses on dynamic stall control of airfoil by combinational method are conducted, and it indicates that aerodynamic characteristics of an oscillatory rotor airfoil could be significantly improved when non-dimensional frequency (k*) of VDLE is about 1.0, and larger base droop angle and angular amplitude helps to suppress flow separation over airfoil. At last, the combinational control method preliminarily applied on rotor blade is numerically simulated.
Measurements to Understand the Flow Mechanisms Contributing to Tandem-Rotor Outwash
Authors:   US Army, Ramasamy Manikandan ,   NASA, Potsdam Mark , Yamauchi Gloria
Published: October 2024

Downwash and outwash characteristics of a model-scale tandem-rotor system in the presence of the ground were analyzed by identifying and understanding the physical mechanisms contributing to the observed flow field behavior. A building block approach was followed in simplifying the problem, separating the effects of the fuselage, effects of one rotor on the other, etc. Flow field velocities were acquired in a vertical plane at four aircraft azimuths of a small-scale tandem rotor system using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique for radial distances up to 4 times the rotor diameter. Results were compared against full-scale CH-47D measurements. Excellent correlation was found between the small- and full-scale mean flow fields (after appropriate normalization using rotor and wall jet parameters). Following the scalability analysis, the effect of rotor height on the outwash was also studied. Close to the aircraft, an increase in rotor height above ground decreased the outwash velocity at all aircraft azimuths. However, farther away, the longitudinal and lateral axes of the aircraft showed increasing and decreasing outwash velocities, respectively, with increasing rotor height. Measurements also indicated the presence of large-scale (of the size of the rotor height) shear-layer vortical structures along the ground that could be the source of low-frequency (approximately 1 Hz) flow variation observed in the full-scale measurements. Flow visualization studies and PIV measurements were also made on jets of different sizes to complement the observations made on rotors wherever possible. Baseline rotor measurements were made out-of-ground effect to understand the nature of inflow distribution for realistic rotor configurations and their modified characteristics in the presence of ground. Lastly, a feasibility study on applying high-fidelity CFD simulations for outwash study was conducted using Helios to model an isolated rotor configuration IGE at full-scale Reynolds number. The results were encouraging and demonstrated the practical challenges associated with predicting rotor outwash.
A Physics-Based Approach to Trim Optimization of Coaxial Helicopters in High-Speed Flight
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Jacobellis George ,   US Army Research Laboratory, Floros Matthew , Gandhi Farhan
Published: October 2024

Optimal trim was investigated for a lift-offset coaxial helicopter in high speed flight. An RCAS model of the XH-59 Advancing Blade Concept demonstrator aircraft was developed for the study and flight test trim conditions at 250 kts were used for baseline trim. The effects of varying redundant controls including rotor speed, auxiliary thrust, and differential lateral pitch were examined by trimming the aircraft at a variety of different trim states. Low power and low vibration trim states were identified and the performance and vibratory loads of these trim points were compared to the baseline trim condition. Reduction in power requirements of 17% were observed for a reduction in rotor speed combined with reduced differential lateral pitch. Power savings came in part from rotor slowing and the corresponding re-distributing of rotor lift and avoiding drag divergence at the advancing blade tips. The optimized trim state also resulted in an aft tilt of the tip path plane and upwash through the rotor disk, further decreasing main rotor power. Decreasing the blade pitch on the retreating side through a reduction in differential lateral pitch resulted in reduction of reverse flow drag. Rotor slowing was limited to 70% of the nominal RPM because of resonance of the rotor first flap and chordwise modes at the 2/rev frequency. Further reductions in rotor speed produced a small reduction in power required but large increases in vibratory loads.
Non-Iterative Adaptive Vertical Speed Limit and Control Margin Prediction for Fly-By-Wire Helicopter
Authors:   Middle East Technical University, Gursoy Gonenc , Yavrucuk Ilkay
Published: October 2024

Vertical speed is a critical limit for rotorcraft at low height above terrain and low speed flight conditions. In this paper an adaptive estimation algorithm is proposed to estimate allowable control travel on the collective axis at the onset of pre-defined vertical speed limits. A concurrent learning neural network based framework is used to model vertical speed online and used to predict future values of the vertical speed for given collective inputs. The generated online model is used to estimate the control sensitivity of the collective axis to formulate the allowable control travel. A generic nonlinear utility helicopter model is used to show estimation and avoidance of vertical speed limits.
Optimization of Flight Control System and Handling Quality Evaluation of a Limited Authority Helicopter
Authors:   Turkish Aeropace Industries, Ture Umut , Sarsilmaz Selahattin , Sahin Ismail , Zengin Ugur
Published: October 2024

Flight control system, which is being designed for a limited authority helicopter, is optimized to achieve predicted Level 1 Handling Quality (HQ) of the Aeronautical Design Standard (ADS)-33E-PRF for hover and low speed quantitative criteria. The evaluations are based on high fidelity linear models and Nonlinear Math Model (NLMM), constructed in FLIGHTLAB® and Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Indigenous Rotorcraft Simulation (TIRS). Control system design parameters are optimized via Control Designer's Unified Interface (CONDUIT®) for linearized model. HQ assessment in NLMM has been repeated with the optimized control system design parameters to evaluate whether the design meets Level 1 HQ or not. The main goal of this paper is to perform optimization for the control system design parameters by using math models during preliminary design process.
Health Management Technology Integration and Verification
Authors:   Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, Bandy Isaac
Published: October 2024

The Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation (SAC) and the U.S. Army Aviation Development Directorate - Aviation Applied Technology Directorate (ADD-AATD) have jointly sponsored the Capability-Based Operations and Sustainment Technology-Aviation (COST-A) program. The objective of COST-A has been to develop and demonstrate an integrated set of high-value diagnostics, prognostics, and system health management technologies for six different rotorcraft systems with a focus on reduced maintenance burden without sacrificing safety. A major challenge was the integration and verification of constituent technologies within a fully-integrated, representative software environment in parallel to technology development and validation. This paper describes the COST-A integrated system and technology verification process used. Over 40 advanced technologies were successfully integrated and verified within the COST-A system. Results documented herein focus on integration and verification highlights for each of the six rotorcraft systems to illustrate the challenges, technical approach, general success, and lessons learned.
Real Time Free Wake and Ship Airwake Model for Rotorcraft Flight Training Application
Authors:   Continuum Dynamics Inc., Keller Jeffrey ,   NAVAIR, Hoffler Jacques , Wachspress Daniel
Published: October 2024

Accurate modeling of rotorcraft aerodynamics and induced flow fields is important for high fidelity flight dynamics simulation and pilot training applications. A real-time, free-wake rotor induced velocity software module has been developed and integrated with a Navy helicopter flight dynamics simulation for testing in multiple pilot evaluations. The model provides a physically-based approach for simulation of rotorcraft aerodynamic phenomena identified by strong vortex wake interactional effects. Such phenomena include wake interactions between the main rotor, tail rotor, fuselage and empennage; vertical descent through vortex ring state; and rotor wake/ship air wake interactions. This paper provides an overview of the wake model and flight dynamics simulation integration. Comparison of the coupled free wake aerodynamics and flight dynamics model with flight test data for an MH-60S helicopter was performed, focusing on vertical descent and shipboard operations. A summary of findings from pilot evaluations within the NAVAIR Manned Flight Simulator facility is also given.
Flow Sensing for Height Estimation and Control of a Rotor in Ground Effect: Modeling and Experimental Results
Authors:   University of Maryland, Hooi Chin , Lagor Frank , Paley Derek
Published: October 2024

This paper describes a dynamic controller for rotorcraft landing and hovering in ground effect using feedback control based on flowfield estimation. The rotor downwash in ground effect is represented using a ring-source potential flow model selected for real-time use. Experimental verification of the flow model is also presented. A nonlinear dynamic model of the rotorcraft in ground effect is presented with open-loop analysis and closed-loop control simulation. Experimental results of the open-loop dynamics are presented and the effect of motor dynamics on the overall dynamics are investigated. Flowfield velocity measurements are assimilated into a grid-based recursive Bayesian filter to estimate height above ground in both simulation and experiment. Height tracking in ground effect and landing are implemented with a dynamic linear controller. Experimental validation of the closed-loop controller is ongoing.