bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autonomous learning behaviors in an online coding community: A comparison between project viewing/playing and code remixing in Scratch using Benford’s law
Authors: Shen Ray Y.
Published: January 2025

Previous studies of code-learning behaviors have been conducted in structured educational settings, utilizing student engagement metrics such as homework submission, task completion, and interactions with instructors. These types of metrics, however, are absent in open online coding platforms. To characterize autonomous code-learning behaviors in an online community, this work applied Benford’s law to analyze user engagement metrics of trending projects on Scratch, the world’s largest online coding platform for young learners. Statistical analysis revealed that the extent of conformity to Benford’s law is independent of the project categories. Of all four user engagement metrics, the views metric exhibited the strongest conformity to Benford’s law, while the remixes metric–the metric most closely associated with code-learning behaviors–showed the greatest deviation from Benford’s law. This was confirmed by Pearson’s χ² test, Nigrini’s (2012) mean absolute deviation test, and an evaluation of the mantissas of the user engagement metrics. This study demonstrates that the extent of conformity to Benford’s law can be used as novel features for characterizing autonomous code-learning behaviors in unsupervised online settings. The results of this work pave the way for future studies to correlate the extent of conformity to Benford’s law with specific elements of code that attract autonomous learning, providing opportunities to optimize the content and design of online coding platforms.
Estructuración de una colonia de ratones BALB/c en la Unidad Experimental de Inmunoterapia de la Fundación Jacinto Convit – Venezuela
Authors: Duarte M. A. , Navarro E. , Carballo J. , Negrón E. , Blanca I. , De Jesús R. , Rivodó T. , Aranguren D. , Convit A. F.
Published: January 2025

Los modelos animales son parte fundamental de la investigación científica preclínica en el desarrollo de nuevas terapias, incluyendo drogas y terapias génicas. Para tales fines, es crucial contar con un modelo animal acorde con el estudio a realizar. En el bioterio de la Unidad Experimental de Inmunoterapia (UEI) de la Fundación Jacinto Convit (FJC) se estructuró una colonia de ratones BALB/c a fin de contar con una cepa pura para llevar a cabo proyectos de investigación experimental en cáncer de mama, utilizando la línea de células de tumor autólogo 4T1. Esta colonia se estableció a partir de dos parejas de ratones BALB/c proporcionados por la Universidad Simón Bolívar, asegurando condiciones estrictas de alojamiento en microaisladores, con alimentación adecuada, enriquecimiento ambiental y control detallado del micro y macroambiente requerido para la especie. El cuidado de los animales estuvo a cargo de un biólogo especializado. La expansión de esta cepa de ratones BALB/c se evaluó siguiendo un esquema de cruces endogámicos programados en cada tercer parto. La homocigosidad se determinó mediante la técnica de injerto de piel entre individuos de la misma cepa y el análisis comparativo de microsatélites. Se analizaron los datos obtenidos de 135 partos, con un máximo de 6 partos por caja reproductora, provenientes de parejas monógamas donde no ocurrieron muertes inesperadas y se obtuvo en promedio de 6,25 ± 2,38 crías por parto, y un periodo interparto de 27 ± 7,5 días. El conjunto de los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo demostró que el protocolo de reproducción, cuidado y mantenimiento de la colonia de ratones BALB/c en el bioterio de la UEI de la FJC, es eficaz para garantizar la expansión y pureza genética de esta cepa, en adelante denominada BALB/c//USB//FJC.
Form Review and Judicial Independence: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Mirza Satria Buana
Published: January 2025

This article examines the Court’s judicial review power that has gradually shifted from a strong-form review into a weak-form review. The shifting into weak-form review may affect judicial independence, both de facto or de jure, because Justices have considered the Legislature’s responds on the Court’s decisions. This approach diminishes the Court’s supremacy toward lawmakers. This article explores comparative insights from various countries that utilize those reviews, notably the United States of America (strong review), and commonwealth countries (weak review). It also elaborates on some ‘anomalies’ from both reviews. It raises two important questions: what insights can be learned from other countries’ judicial practices, particularly on the use of weak- form review? And, does weak-form review suitable to be enforced in Indonesia’s context? The weak review that is manifested in conditional decisions claims to be more politically palatable. Despite that strategic reason, the practice of conditional decision is prone to misuse as it could decrease constitutionalism and judicial independence. This paper argues that the weak-form review is not suitable for Indonesia’s constitutional law context, because the country lacks prerequisites and preconditions of strong control through parliament. The Indonesian Constitutional Court must return to its genuine authority as a strong-form review to strengthen legal constitutionalism.
Application of Convolutional Neural Networks for Watermelon Detection in UAV Aerial Images: A Case Study
Authors: Çetin Taş İclal , Bozdoğan Ali Musa , Arıca Sami
Published: January 2025

Although human dependence on agriculture decreases with developing technology, it continues. As many resources are increasingly restricted due to various climatic reasons, the importance of studies in this field increases. Applications using deep learning models are frequently encountered in the agricultural field. In particular, there are applications where deep learning models are used as a tool for optimum planting, land use, yield improvement, production/disease/pest control, and other activities.In this study, watermelons in an aerial view of a watermelon field were detected by utilizing the Alexnet deep learning architecture. To obtain yield, watermelons in watermelon fields should be specified and then counted. Aerial images are used for this application. The field image was divided into 50% overlapping sub-images, and each was classified as watermelon, leaf, and soil. Consequently, watermelon regions on the field image were specified. After training the Alexnet and Vgg19 network structure with the dataset, watermelons were to be identified by segmenting the images. It was observed that the Vgg19 network achieved 97.78% accuracy. The results of the experimental applications show that the Vgg19 can be applied for watermelon fruit and yield detection applications.
Groundwater quality mapping based on the Wilcox Classification method for agricultural purposes: Qazvin Plain aquifer case
Authors: Sattari Mohammad Taghi , Kamrani Yasaman , Javidan Sahar , Fathollahzadeh Attar Nasrin , Apaydın Halit
Published: January 2025

Water quality is an essential component in managing surface and groundwater resources and for various uses; it is considered a necessary principle in planning. This study aims to map the groundwater quality of the Qazvin Plain aquifer in Iran for agricultural use based on the Wilcox classification method. For this purpose, the parameters of electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of wells in the years 2015-2018 have been used. For interpolation, the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method with optimal power and Kriging geostatistical techniques were used based on spherical, exponential, and Gaussian semicircle algorithms. Electrical conductivity and SAR maps were drawn in the GIS platform after selecting the best interpolation method due to minor errors. The Wilcox method was used to classify the water quality of the studied wells. In most cases, the IDW method with optimal power was selected as the superior interpolation method. During the study, the results obtained from the water quality maps showed that the level attributed to the "high salinity" water class increased from 25.98 to 36.44, and the level attributed to the "slightly salty" water class decreased from 12.54 to 3.14. Finally, the results showed that the quality of underground water for agricultural purpose in the Qazvin Plain aquifer became more unfavourable during the studied period
Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Productivity of Selçuk University in Academic Studies: WoS Case (2019-2023)
Authors: Paylı Muhammet , Çevik Osman
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to reveal the structure of Selçuk University's (SU) scientific productivity in academic studies. Scientific articles in English associated with SU were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database for the period 2019-2023 and analyzed with VOSviewer Statistical Analysis Program. Performance analysis indicated that SU is most frequently associated with academic articles indexed in the “SCI-EXPANDED” index in the fields of “Chemistry”, “Engineering”, “General Internal Medicine”, “Agriculture” and “Food Technology” in “2021”. The analysis of SU's scientific productivity was carried out in the context of co-authorship, authors, universities, and countries. The findings indicated that “Zengin, G.,” “SU,” and “Turkey” ranked first in terms of articles, citations, and total link strength. It was also concluded that “Zengin, G.” had the highest number of scientific collaborations with “Mahomoodally, M.F.”, “SU” with “Necmettin Erbakan University” and “Turkey” with “Italy”.
تمثلات الصورة في ديوان الشاعر محمد عبد الرضا الحرزي دراسة تحليلية
Authors: أنور نعمة مرزة الباحث , محمّد نبي الأحمدي ا.د.
Published: January 2025

الصور الخيالية تعد من العناصر الأساسية في الأدب والفنون بشكل عام. هي وسيلة للتعبير تتجاوز الحدود التقليدية للغة، لتصل إلى أعماق النفس البشرية. من خلال الصور الخيالية، يتمكن الكاتب من نقل القارئ إلى عوالم جديدة ومشاعر غير مسبوقة، مما يجعل القراءة تجربة فريدة من نوعها.
       ولا يمكننا ان نتصور قصيدة شعرية تخلو من التركيبات اللغوية المجسدة لخيال الشاعر,إذ تتجلى قدرة الشاعر في تطويع اللغة, وهذه القدرة تتطلب من الشاعر الموهبة والفطنة والذكاء في توظيف ملكة الخيال في صور شعرية مؤثرة, فاللغة وسيلة الشاعر في التعبير, عن ما يرسمه الشاعر في خياله من صور تحمل إيقاع موسيقي متنوع, ونلمس الابداع في فكر الشاعر الذي يربط بخياله بين الأشياء المتباينة التي لا صلة بينها في أعين الناس.
      وشاعرنا في محل البحث كغيره من الشعراء يتحلى بالخيال الخصب والقدرة على جمع المتضادات تحت سقف القصيدة.
      لقد امتازت قصائده بقوة السبك وجمال القافية وانتخاب الأوزان الملائمة للغرض الذي نظمت من أجله وقد وفق محمد عبد الرضا الحرزي  في رسم العديد من الصور الشعرية الموحية والمؤثرة ونظم في كل ألوان الشعر العربي فنراه متنقلاً بين المديح والهجاء والرثاء والفخر والتهنئة، إلا أنه أطال الإقامة عند غرض المديح ومدح أشخاص بعينهم دون آخرين، ولعل ذلك نابع من قربهِ منهم أو من إيمانه بشخوصهم وبأنهم يمثلون الحق والعدالة والوجه المشرق للحياة بنظرهِ.
     وقد كانت لغته سهلة سلسة وقلمه فيّاض بالأفكار والصور ولم يلجأ إلى الألفاظ النابية أو الألفاظ المخدوشة الفاحشة، فشعرهُ تُرفع له القبعة احتراماً وتقديراً لنفسهِ الطويل في القصيدة الذي يضاهي طول نفس الشعراء الجاهليين، وقصيدته أشبه بالنمط الجاهلي.
تمثلات العنف في لغة الروايّة بين العتبات النصية والمتن السردي رواية شُطآن الرماد انموذجًا
Authors: حسين هادي خضير كبة م. م
Published: January 2025

يعرف الأدب بأنه انعكاس لحالة المجتمع وتعبير صريح عن حياة أفراده، والكاتب في مسلكه الأدبي تكون وظيفته رصد أهم القضايا التي يفصح عن مجتمعه, وللاحداث دور كبير في تلك الصياغة, وكما هو معروف أنّ العراق كان بؤرة واسعة المجال لعدة قضايا تكشّفت عنها, خاصة ما تمخضت عن أزمات العراق المختلفة، لاسيما ما حدث في الموصل إبان الهيمنة الداعشية، فقد تفاعلت رواية شطآن الرماد مع الحدث وطوعت لغتها من أجل إنتاج دلالات معبرة عن العنف وتولد المعاني التي تعكسه الثيمات الأساسية لتنهض بها الرواية ككل حتى يشار إليها بها، كاشفًا الروائي (علي عواد عبدالله) بذلك عن طريق اللغة طبيعة العنف وأبعاده بمختلف تجلياته الواقعية، والذي ينعكس بدوره على العتبات النصية بوصفها سلطة دلالية مهيمنة، لها امتداد عكسي من وإلى النص، ويحوّل ما في طبيعتها الموجزة المكثفة تشكيلا ودليلا إلى متن روائي كامل الفكرة والعرض مجسدًا أفكاره ورؤاه، وبيان حقيقة الفكرة المخبوءة (العنف) خلف ستار عتبة العنوان, فكان يتعين علينا حسب هذا تفكيك تلك العناوين والألفاظ المشكلة في سبيل الوقوف على دلالة العنف بصورة جليّة عن طريق المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي لتلك الثيمات؛ للكشف عن عمق العلاقة بين الاضمار والتصريح للفظ ومعناه المراد, وما دلّ عليه من عنف ظاهر أو خفي, في خضم عرض نماذج مختارة وفاعلة في الرواية.
الاتساق النحوي في النص القرآني سورة الضحى أنموذجا
Authors: بشار معيوف طعمة، د.
Published: January 2025

عُني البحث بالكشفِ عن مظاهرِ الاتساق النحوي، وهو وسيلة لغوية تتحقق بها النصية،  في نصِّ سورة الضحى عبرَ تحليلِ بنيةِ نصِّ هذه السورة ، ووصفِ النظام الذي تتألف منه، ومن ثَمَّ بيان وسائل الاتساق التي ارتكزَ عليها النص، متمثلاً ( بالإحالة والحذف والوصل)، والتي بدورها تُشكِّل النسيج اللغوي للعلاقات بين البنى الداخلية والخارجية على حدٍّ سواء، وقد تَبيَّن من البحث قيام الاتساق في النص على مظاهر لغوية أسهمت في تشكيل وحدته وانتظام العناصر التي يتألف منها، من مثل الإحالة بوصفها إحدى معطيات النص التي تُسْهِم في نصيته، بِعَدِّها أحد عناصر التماسك اللغُّوي التي لها دور بارز في ربط أجزاء النص وجعله متماسكاً، فقد وردت في سلاسل رئيسة وأخرى فرعية ومثلها الحذف والوصل، وهذه العناصر دار البحث عليها إجراءً وتطبيقا.
الأساليب البيانية والبديعية في شعر ربيعة الرقَّي
Authors: ايات محمد حسين م.م
Published: January 2025

تعد الاسلوبية أو علم الأسلوب الحديث فرعٌ من أهمِ فروعِ عِلمِ اللغةِ ، ظهر على الساحةِ الأدبيةِ في زمنٍ ليس بالبعيد، إذ يرمي  هذا العلم  إلى تحليلِ النصوص الأدبية وتفسيرها وفقاً لما يتعلق بالسمات الاسلوبية  التي انماز بها النص سواء كان على الصعيد اللغوي ام الصوتي والدلالي، فالاسلوب هو الأداة التي ينماز بها الأديب دون سواه ، فضلا عن أن الدراسات النقدية كان لها النصيب الأوفر بالاهتمام بالاسلوبية بوصفها منهجا نقديا يرمي إلى التحليل وفق مستويات (الصوتي،التركيبي، الدلالي) ،إذ إن غرض هذا العلم الكشف عن جماليات النص الادبي بوساطة انزياح الاديب في نصه والخروج عن المألوف.
   في هذا البحث هذا تطرقت  إلى دراسة شاعر من العصر العباسي (ربيعة الرقي) والوقوف على جماليات نصه عن طريق استعمال أحد أدواته المتمثل بأسلوب (التكرار، الجناس، الاستعارة)
مفهوم التسامح الديني في فلسفة جون لوك
Authors: سارة فريد منعم الياسري الباحثة , باقر ابراهيم حسين ا.د.
Published: January 2025

يتناول هذا البحث مفهوم التسامح الذي ارتبط بالفيلسوف جون لوك بوصفه واحدا من أكبر الداعين له  وبالذات التسامح الديني ، وانتشر بعد ذلك في كتابات المثقفين و بشكل خاص في كتابات فلاسفة القرن السابع عشر ، وهو القرن لذي اشتد فيه  الصراع بين اتباع الكنيسة  الكاثوليكية والبروتستانت. وسبب الكثير من المآسي والحروب  في العالم المسيحي ،  يرى لوك ان كل هذا كان بسبب الدين ورجال الكنيسة وما يحركهم من طمع وشهوة في التحكم ، والغضب والنقمة على المنشقين والمخالفين في حين يرى لوك ان هذا الفعل مخالف لما جاء به الانجيل لذا رفع شعار التسامح .  بوصفه الموقف الايجابي والمتفهم  للعقائد والافكار ،اذ يشكل التسامح عماد حقوق الانسان ، والتسامح يعني الاقرار بان البشر المختلفين بطبعهم ومظهرهم  ولغاتهم وسلوكهم ودينهم ، لهم الحق في العيش بسلام
الجندر والمرأة في المجتمع الاسلامي وسبل التوعية من آثاره.
Authors: هيثم عودة كاظم الربيعي م.م. , مناضل حمد عبيد م. م.
Published: January 2025

مصطلح الجندر واحد من أدوات العولمة التي تراد للشعوب في الشرق والغرب ؛ و"الجندر من المصطلحات الحديثة و التي تبنتها الأمم المتحدة في مؤتمراتها ، و قد ظهر هذا المصطلح حديثًا في السبعينات من القرن العشرين ، و كان السبب الرئيسي في ظهوره هو المطالبة بشعار حقوق المرأة المنتهك من قبل المجتمعات الشرقية "( الموسوي , 2024, 1129)   ، والابتعاد عن القيم الإنسانية والدينية، وهو من المصطلحات الخطرة على بنية المجتمعات ، وذلك من الفعل الاجتماعي والثقافي وهو "الجندر" أو "الجندرة" وبقية المرادفات التي تدخل تحت مسمياتها، والحق أن حرب المصطلحات ليست مجرد "اختلاف لفظي"، بل هي اختلاف في المدلول والدلالات، واختلاف في البنية المعرفية، والبنية الاجتماعية، بل البنية الدينية والعقدية. ”فالجندر” جاء لتسوق المجتمعات البشرية لنوع جديد، يغير المفاهيم والمصطلحات على مستوى الأسرة والمجتمع وتتفاعل وتسير على خطاه دون الشعور بأنها منساقة معه من طريق التأثير والتواصل الاجتماعي فينخرط الشباب وغيرهم من ذوي الثقافات المحدودة فيه بصورة غير مباشرة ، وقد طبقت مفاهيمه وما ترمي إليه من أهدافه وتعاليمه، وتبدأ من العلاقة بين الرجل والمرأة في المجتمعات البشرية، والتغيير الثابت والمستقر عند الشعوب منذ بدء الخليقة إلى يومنا هذا، ”فالجندر” ليس – كما يدعى في الظاهر- مساواة بين الرجل والمرأة، بل هو ينخر في جذع شجرة ”البنية الاجتماعية”، ليأتي لنا بمجتمع فاقد للأخلاق والفكر المعرفي ، يتداول المحتوى الهابط في التواصل الاجتماعي وسرعة تأثيره ودخوله بين الاسرة بواسطة النقال المتوفر عند الصغير والكبير، من دون رقابة ومحاسبة وانشغال الكبار بنفس الموضوع، ولا ننسى الجانب والطرف الآخر والمهم المؤسسات التعليمية وضعف النظام الداخلي لها والتهاون في تطبيق تعليمات الأنظمة التربوية لكثرة الأسباب التي حدت من عمل المسؤولين عنه من تنفيذه جعلت منه نظامًا تعليميًّا ، يخلو من التربية والتي هي أساس التعليم، مما ولد أنماطًا جديدة للأسرة، وصفتها بعض الدراسات التي تنتمي إلى ”الجندر” إلى اثني عشرة نوعا من الأسرة، بما في ذلك ”أسر الشذوذ الجنسي”، يعني أسرة رجالية بين رجل ورجل، وأسرة نسائية بين امرأة وامرأة”، وإن الحديث عن رؤية الدين الإسلامي – خاصة من الزاوية الشرعية - يجب أن ينبي على بيان ”مقاصد الجندر”، وما تؤول إليه تلك الدعوات التي جاءت تحت إطار “نظرية جندر” (غلوفر، 2018م، صفحة 17)، وأن الدور المطلوب الأول في الخطاب الشرعي فيها – ليس السب والشتم، أو الحمية في الرد عليها- بقدر ما نحتاجه إلى الوصول إلى مرحلة (الوعي الفكري) العميق وليس السطحي؛ حتى نخاطب العقول البشرية كلها؛ لأنّ خطر "الجندر" كما أنه يتنافى مع روح الإسلام وتعاليمه السامية، فإنه – في ذات الوقت- يتنافى مع الأديان السماوية الأخرى، بل الوضعية، إذ يجب فهم نظرية "الجندر" في ضوء أنها جاءت لتؤسس لنوع جديد من المجتمعات البشرية، وهي "المجتمعات اللادينية". وللوصول إلى مرحلة "الوعي" بنظرية، يجب أنْ نفهم الناس حقيقة تلك الدعوى، وعندئذ فقد انتصرنا في "معركة الوعي" دون اللجوء إلى الفكر، أو الفعل المتطرف؛ لأنّ معرفة النّاس للحقيقة الغائبة هو الدور المنشود، الذي سيقود الناس للاحتكام إلى الفطرة الإنسانية التي خلق الله الناس عليها من جانب، ولمراعاة الحدود الشرعية من جانب آخر.
العنف في الروايات الدیستوبية العربية والإنجليزية: روايتي عطارد وبرتقالة ميكانيكية أنموذج
Authors: علاوي السراي الباحث , مهدي مقدسي نيا ا.د. , رسول دهقان ضاد شهرضا ا.د.
Published: January 2025

Among the myriad themes explored by dystopian literature, which delves into the pressing concerns of humanity’s future, violence stands out as a significant subject. This violence may manifest in two distinct forms: individual violence, which is overt and readily apparent, and institutional violence, which often remains insidious, cloaked in deceptive justifications. This study endeavors to illuminate the manifestations of violence within two dystopian narratives: Mercury by the esteemed Egyptian author Mohamed Rabie, and A Clockwork Orange by the renowned British writer Anthony Burgess. The research findings reveal that both narratives serve as cautionary tales against the perils of violence, asserting that it cannot provide a viable solution to societal issues. Each narrative compellingly argues that there exists no legitimate basis for the enactment of violence, and that hostile actions cannot be effectively countered with further aggression. In the English narrative, the narrator elucidates the role of narcotics in transforming individuals into beings stripped of consciousness and will. Conversely, in the Arabic narrative, the storyteller recounts the emergence of a disease that renders people both blind and deaf. In this context, both the drug and the disease serve as potent symbols of a shared affliction: a profound disconnection from reality and an unsettling acquiescence to the status quo imposed by governing authorities. The distinction between the two narratives lies in Mercury’s exploration of colonialism’s role in engendering violence or steering colonized societies toward it, while A Clockwork Orange portrays violence as a byproduct of World War II and the pervasive pessimism it engendered.
دور مادة الفن في تنمية كفاءات التفكير النقدي عند الطلبة من منظور الاساتذة
Authors: اكو حمة خسرو م.د
Published: January 2025

الملخص
      هذا البحث الموسوم بـ (دور مادة الفن في تنمية كفاءات التفكير النقدي عند الطلبة من منظور الاساتذة)، يهدف إلى معرفة دور مادة الفن وانعكاسها على التفكير النقدي عند الطلبة من منظور الاساتذة في معهد الفنون الجميلة/حلبجة ومعهد الفنون الجميلة/ جمجمال، حيث اعتمد البحث على (28) عينة من الأساتذة من كلا الجنسين وللسنة الدراسية (2023 – 2024). لجأ الباحث في دراسته هذه إلى اعتماد خصائص السايكومترية مستنداً إلى المنهج الوصفي ومتخذاً من برنامج Shapiro- Wilk الاختباري وسيلة لمعرفة التقسيمات الاعتيادية للبيانات المدرجة، وبرنامج Parametric- tests   الاختباري لاستخراج النتائج. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن لمادة الفن دور كبير وايجابي في تنمية التفكير النقدي عند الطلبة، نظراً للمكانة المهمة للتربية الفنية في رفع القدرة الابداعية والتفكير النقدي عند الطلبة. من هنا يظهر دور النشاطات الفنية واهميتها وآثارها الايجابية في تنمية كفاءات الطلبة في المراكز التعليمية.
ملامح من أفكار ملا محمد جليزادة الإصلاحية
Authors: حسن صابر محمد م.د
Published: January 2025

تتناول الورقة أبرز محطات الفكرية لجليزادة وما دار في مجتمعه من الأحداث الفكرية والسياسية وموقفه منها، وما قدمه من الرؤى في مجال إصلاح الفكر الديني وظاهرة التدين التقليدي، والمشاكل الإجتماعية في مجتمعه آنذاك، كما يلقي الضوء على موقفه من المشروع الإصلاحي في عصره وتقيمه لدعاة الإصلاح، فكان جليزادة رائد مجتمه في التصدي للمشروع الإستعماري بجانبيه السياسي والفكري، فكان وفق نظراته لابد أن تنطلق المشروع النهضوي للأمة من مصادرها الأصيلة في مجتمعاتنا، ولابد أن تنطلق المشروع الحضاري أيضا من تلك المصادر الرصينة ولكن بنَفس جديد وآلات معاصرة، كما دعا الى تقوية المناهج التعليم الإسلامي باللإستفادة من العلوم التجربية، وترجمة تلك المناهج لخدمة نهضة المسلمين، إذن فقد تصدى جليزادة بمشروعه هذا للحركات الخرافية المنتشرة في عصره، كما وقف موقفا حاسما في وجه المحاولات الخارجية التي أرادت تشتت وحدة المسلمين تحت شعار القومية والعصبية، فقد واجه ناقوس الخطر في حياته من قبل هؤلاء، ولكن ما خاف في الله لومة لائم
Stress hyperglycemia in the acute phase of hemorrhagic stroke in Burkina Faso: prevalence and impact on mortality
Authors: Kyelem Julie Marie Adeline Wendlamita , Dabilgou Alfred Anselme , Lompo Djingri Labodi , Sylga Wilfred Michel , Napon Christian , Millogo Athanase
Published: January 2025

Background: Stress hyperglycemia is common and associated with poor prognosis in hemorrhagic stroke. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of stress hyperglycemia in the acute phase of stroke and its impact on in-hospital mortality.
Methods: This was a retrospective study in the medical emergency and neurology departments of the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2022. Non-diabetic adult AVCH patients with hyperglycemia >=7mmo/l on admission and normal glycated hemoglobin were included. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were used to assess the impact of stress hyperglycemia on mortality.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.72(SD:13.3)y and the sex ratio was 1.58. Arterial hypertension was the main etiology in 89% of cases. The mortality rate was 23.1%. The prevalence of stress hyperglycemia in the acute phase of stroke was 52.3%. Independent factors associated with in-hospital mortality were admission hyperglycemia >=7mmo/l (p= 0.0017) and NIHSS score >=17 (p= 0.0136).
Conclusion: Mortality in stroke remains high. Stress hyperglycemia is a poor prognostic factor in stroke. Early diagnosis and management of stress hyperglycemia and other severity factors will reduce mortality
Geometrical Modifications for Reliable 3D Printing of Microvalves in Multi-Plane Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Nguyen Huu Anh Minh , Goz Abigail , Voronov Roman
Published: January 2025

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a transformative technology for fabricating complex microfluidic devices, enabling features that were previously unattainable with traditional layer-by-layer soft lithography. One key challenge in advancing 3D-printed microfluidics is the integration of functional microvalves across multiple spatial orientations. This study explores the design, simulation, and experimental realization of novel microvalve configurations to overcome the limitations of conventional, single-plane valves. We hypothesize that non-traditional valve orientations, such as those with vertically printed membranes or perpendicular control channels, present unique fabrication and operational challenges, including membrane delamination and stress-induced failure. To address these issues, we developed optimized geometries and fabrication techniques, supported by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to predict and mitigate stress concentrations. Our results demonstrate successful implementation of previously unreported valve configurations, validated through pressure testing and flow control experiments. These advancements expand the versatility of 3D-printed microfluidic systems, paving the way for more robust and adaptable devices in biomedical, chemical, and environmental applications.
The Relation Between Growth Mindset and Academic Performance in STEM Subjects
Authors: Roy Tamal Joyti
Published: January 2025

This study examined how students' beliefs about their ability to learn (mindset) relate to their grades in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects. We looked at two types of mindset beliefs: general beliefs about intelligence and specific beliefs about math ability. The study included 1,250 middle and high school students who completed surveys about their mindset beliefs. We also collected their grades in math, science, and engineering courses. Using multiple regression analysis, we found that students' mindset beliefs significantly predicted their grades in math and science, but not in engineering. For math grades, both general mindset and math-specific mindset were important predictors, explaining 3.7% of differences in grades beyond what demographic factors (gender, race, and grade level) explained. For science grades, general mindset was a significant predictor, explaining 5.4% of grade differences. We found no significant relationship between mindset and engineering grades, possibly because we had fewer students taking engineering courses. These findings suggest that students who believe their abilities can grow tend to perform better in math and science. The results can help teachers and school leaders develop better ways to support students in STEM subjects. Future research should study these relationships over time and include more students taking engineering courses to understand better how mindset affects learning across all STEM subjects.
The Economic Context of the Palestine-Israeli Conflict in the Middle East in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries
Authors: Ityonzughul Thaddeus T. , Ihom Samuel T.
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the economic dimensions of the lingering conflict between Palestine and Israel in the Middle East, emphasizing the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The paper discusses how economic disparities, resource allocations, and trade restrictions exacerbated tensions between Israelis and Palestinians. It employs primary and secondary sources using qualitative analysis. The paper reveals that economic blockades, disparities in economic development, and control over key resources have perpetuated the conflict. The study highlights the importance of economic cooperation and equitable resource distribution as pathways to peace. It recommends international mediation to ensure fair economic practices and investments in joint economic ventures to foster regional stability and mutual prosperity.
Career Support and Employee Performance Capacity in Nigeria
Authors: Okolie Ugo Chuks , Memeh Ndubuisi J. , Egbon Thomastina Nkechi
Published: January 2025

In addition to being a crucial part of strategic human resource management, career support also serves as a tool for achieving organizational objectives. This study evaluates the impact of career support on workers' ability to perform. Most businesses in Nigeria are currently dealing with issues related to employee performance; this illustrates a significant challenge in the country's business environment. A qualitative research design was used for this study. To investigate the impact of career support on employees' performance, exploratory research based solely on findings from the analysis of the existing literature of various studies, periodicals, reports, and books relevant to the topic of study was employed. According to the findings of this study, career support is a crucial management tool that could be used in Nigeria to raise and improve employee performance. This implies that organizations in Nigeria may decline employee performance if career support issues are not taken seriously. The study concludes that an organization's career support initiatives directly impact how well its employees perform. The ability of employees to perform well is significantly positively correlated with career support. The study suggests, among other things, that organizations continue to treat career support very seriously to boost workers' productivity.
Impacto de la educación remota en la percepción y rendimiento de estudiantes universitarios en un curso de física
Authors: Miranda Crespo Juan Carlos , González García Álvaro , Apellidos: Valencia Cobo Jorge Alberto , Amador Rodriguez Rafael
Published: January 2025

El aplazamiento de las clases presenciales en el sistema educativo, por causa de la COVID-19 durante el 2020 y 2021, fomentó cambios urgentes en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el contexto universitario. Igualmente, el retorno de la vida universitaria a la presencialidad exigió y exige aún, una adecuación en los procesos pedagógicos y didácticos que permita la adaptación de aquellos estudiantes que por primera vez asisten al campus universitario. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, en este estudio se busca conocer y analizar la percepción de 139 estudiantes universitarios de Ingeniería y Geología de tercer semestre de una universidad privada de Colombia, en un curso de física calor-ondas en el primer semestre académico del 2022, acerca del efecto de la educación remota en su aprendizaje de la física en tiempo de pandemia y en su desempeño académico al inicio de postpandemia en la universidad a través de un modelo lineal generalizado (MLG). Los resultados muestran que la percepción sobre la comprensión es mayor entre los estudiantes que provienen de colegios privados. Asimismo, los estudiantes que realizaron su bachillerato en forma presencial durante la pandemia perciben haber comprendido los conceptos estudiados en física y tienen una mejor valoración de su comprensión en la asignatura física calor-ondas.  Por otro lado, los estudiantes que prefieren las clases remotas virtuales valoran negativamente su comprensión de los conceptos de física calor-ondas.
Non conventional coherent states
Authors: Plastino Angelo , Ferri G. L.
Published: January 2025

We analyze properties of excited states of a special Hamiltonian H, endowed with a displaced quadratic potential V such that its ground state is a HO-Glauber coherent state of amplitude α. For large enough real α, we show that the first excited state of this Hamiltonian is also a coherent state of minimum uncertainty.
Wavelet eXtropy of fractal signals
Authors: Ramirez-Pacheco Julio
Published: January 2025

Recently, the concept of eXtropy was proposed as a complementary dual of Shannon entropy. This article extends the standard time-domain eXtropy concept to the time-scale domain and then obtains a closed-form expression for this wavelet eXtropy for fractal signals of parameter α. A didactic study of the wavelet eXtropy of fractal signals reveals that this infomation-theory quantifier increases for short-memory fractal signals, is maximum for white noise (α = 0) and decreases for long-memory fractal processes. Compared to the standard wavelet entropy, wavelet eXtropy performs similar, however has lower variability for stationary fractal signals and higher variability for nonstationary ones. Moreover, the computation of fractality based eXtropy planes allows to highlight further properties and also potential applications for the analysis/estimation of fractals.
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Desordem linfoproliferativa em uma Calopsita (Nymphicus hollandicus)
Authors: Nascimento Julia Welter , Bresciani Juliana , Valmorbida Talita , Albano Pasqual Vitória Maria , Janesko Zaions João Vitor , Lange Rogério Ribas
Published: January 2025

The cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) is a popular pet bird that can also suffer from complex diseases, including lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphoid cells, such as lymphomas and leukemias. These conditions affect organs such as the liver, spleen and kidneys, and may have genetic, environmental or viral causes. Diagnosis requires blood tests, imaging and, sometimes, biopsies, but is challenging due to the diversity of symptoms, including weight loss, apathy and organ dysfunction. In the reported case, a male cockatiel presented with symptoms such as lethargy, regurgitation, diarrhea and dehydration. Tests revealed severe lymphocytosis, suggesting a neoplastic disease. Treatment included fluid therapy, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, but the bird's condition worsened, leading to death. Necropsy revealed neoplastic lymphocyte proliferation in the liver, spleen and kidneys, suggesting lymphoma. The involvement of viral agents such as the Marek’s Disease Virus or the Avian Leukosis Virus could not be confirmed due to diagnostic limitations. This case highlights the complexity of neoplasms in birds and the challenges of diagnosis, especially in severe cases. Therapeutic management depends on the specific condition and may involve chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery, though it is often palliative.
Influence Temperature and Holding Time of Empty Fruit Bunch Slow Pyrolysis to Phenolic in Biocrude Oil
Authors: Irawan Anton , Kurniawan Teguh , Alwan Hafid , Darisman Darisman , Pujianti Dina , Bindar Yazid , Bakar Muhammad Saifullah Abu , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has an abundance of biomass from agricultural, plantation, and domestic waste products. Biomass can be converted into fuels and chemicals that are environmentally friendly. Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are biomass from abundant palm oil processing. Pyrolysis was a thermal process with free oxygen at temperatures between 400-600°C. Generally, pyrolysis was carried out under fast pyrolysis to produce a product that leads to bio-crude oil. One of the main components of bio-crude oil was phenol, which had been produced from further processing of crude oil. With the limitations of crude oil, the production of phenol from biomass pyrolysis was an option for the future, especially for fuels and fuel additives. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the effect of heating rate, temperature pyrolysis, and holding time on pyrolysis products including phenols in bio-crude oil. Slow pyrolysis of EFB was performed at various parameters, including temperatures (400, 450, and 500°C) and holding time (5, 10, and 15 min). Slow pyrolysis of oil palm EFB with variations in temperature and holding time has been carried out by producing liquid between (40 - 42 %weight), gas (19 – 21 % weight), and solid products (38 – 39  % weight). Biocrude oil liquid product showed the highest yield compared to biochar and bio pyrolysis gas. Temperature plays an important role in controlling the production of bio-crude oil as a liquid product, including a component in bio-crude oil. Phenol recovery was more affected by temperature instead of holding time.
Aerodynamics of Bus Platooning under Crosswind
Authors: Yudianto Aan , Adiyasa I Wayan , Yudantoko Afri
Published: January 2025

The aerodynamic benefits of a vehicle in a platoon could be distracted by an imposed crosswind on it. The study aims to investigate the alteration of aerodynamic coefficient comprising drag force coefficient, lift force coefficient, side force coefficient, and pressure coefficient of buses traveling in a platoon by considering crosswind. A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation was carried out on a detailed bus model. Proposed meshing techniques were also offered. The investigation considered the yaw angle from  0° to 30° and inter-bus distances by proposed coefficient X/L from 0.05 to 1.25. The results in the changes in the aerodynamic performance of both buses were presented. The advantages of platoon configuration were described in more detail when no crosswind was considered in terms of the generated turbulence kinetic energy of the leading and following bus. The results indicated that a crosswind deteriorates aerodynamic benefits during the platoon. The inter-bus distance determines how the airflow around the bus behaves, leading to the variation in aerodynamic advantages experienced by buses. Comparison between the numerical study and experiment indicated a satisfactory correlation of results validation.
Combustion Analysis of Ammonia/Oxygen Mixtures at Various Equivalence Ratio Conditions Using a Constant Volume Combustor with Sub-chamber
Authors: Guo Bin , Ichiyanagi Mitsuhisa , Horie Makoto , Aihara Keita , Ohashi Takuma , Zhang Abiyasu , Suzuki Takashi
Published: January 2025

The greenhouse effect issue is becoming more serious, and renewable energy is playing an increasingly important role. Among all alternative fuels, ammonia has been attracting attention as a carbon-free energy carrier for hydrogen, because of its large energy density per volume and easy storage and transportation. On the other hand, ammonia has a low combustion speed, which is an important issue for the use of ammonia as a vehicle fuel. To increase the mean flame speed of ammonia, the present study used the burned gas ejected from the sub-chamber for the compression of the mixture in the main chamber and the promotion of its HCCI combustion. Thus, the constant volume combustor with sub-chamber was used to realize the above combustion and to study the combustion characteristics of ammonia and oxygen mixture. In the experiments, initial pressure and initial temperature were unchanged and only the equivalence ratio was changed. The combustion pressure data were recorded and analyzed. As the result, the maximum combustion pressure (2.5 MPa) was obtained when the equivalence ratio was 0.4. The combustion speed was the fastest when the equivalence ratio was 0.6, and the mean flame speed was about 57.5 m/s.
The Availability and Accessibility of Healthcare Facilities in Haryana, India
Authors: Ahmed Arshad , Kheraj Kheraj , Ali Amjed , Rani Kiran , Meenaxy Meenaxy
Published: January 2025

This study concerns a geospatial analysis of public healthcare infrastructure in Haryana, India, focusing on the availability and accessibility of healthcare facilities. The analysis revealed significant disparities in the distribution of such infrastructure in Haryana. A shortfall was found in the presence of community health centers (CHCs), primary health centers (PHCs), dispensaries, and health subcenters (HSCs). The findings in terms of disparities strongly point to and signify the shortfall of national and regional public health policies. There is a pressing need for strategic planning to address the escalating demand for and access to new health facilities among Haryana's population. Personal and population health—and therefore healthcare infrastructure—is a crucial component and indicator of the Human Development Index, and is a key factor in increasing labor productivity, obtaining higher levels of well-being, and boosting economic prosperity, as are “health promotion” measures in welfare and other societal dimensions and the heeding of societal ethics.
Sartre's Relationalist(-ish) Theory of Perception1
Authors: Bernard Valerie
Published: January 2025

In this paper, I argue that Jean-Paul Sartre's theory of the imagination emerges out of a position on perception that is similar to modern naïve realism in that he seeks to add elements of what today is called “relationalism” to his phenomenological description of perceptual and imaginative experience. The problem is that it is not clear that relationalism can be added to the phenomenologist's intentional theory of consciousness in the way Sartre recommends. This paper takes an analytic approach to understanding Sartre's theory of perception, traces his motivation in arguing that perception and imagination are sui generis mental activity and identifies the ways in which Sartre's attempt to add elements of relationalism to the Husserlian account of perception runs into trouble with hallucinatory experience.
Feminine Complicity and Women's ‘Destiny’1
Authors: Edwards Mary L.
Published: January 2025

This essay argues that the depiction of two female characters’ situations, friendship, and self-understandings in The Mandarins (Les mandarins, 1954) develops Beauvoir's theorization of feminine complicity in The Second Sex (Le deuxième sexe, 1949). Through its prolonged focus on the concrete situations of two female characters, the novel enables Beauvoir to explore the (hetero)sexual and metaphysical sources of feminine complicity in depth. The result is that The Mandarins illustrates why women who are, to greater or lesser degrees, complicit with the structures of their own oppression can be understood neither as agents of gender-based oppression nor as passive victims of it, but only as human beings forced to invent means to survive the mutilation of their transcendence.
Heterosex and Becoming Woman
Authors: Taylor Dianna
Published: January 2025

The question of precisely what Simone de Beauvoir means when she asserts in The Second Sex that “[o]ne is not born, but rather becomes, woman” continues to be the subject of scholarly debate (TSS, 283). The more traditional view sees Beauvoir referring to a process whereby female human beings are socialized according to, and subsequently internalize and constitute themselves in terms of, prevailing norms of femininity. An alternative perspective asserts that the act of engaging in heterosexual intercourse marks the point at which human females “become” Woman. I see The Second Sex presenting a hybrid of these two theories. On my reading, the initial experience of heterosexual intercourse crystallizes the relation of self-to-self Beauvoir refers to as se faire objet—making oneself into an object generally and into a sexual object for men more specifically. Subsequent experiences of heterosex entrench this distinctively feminine mode of self-relation. I support my reading through analyzing the situations of Paula Mareuil and Anne Dubreuilh, two of the main characters in Beauvoir's novel les Mandarines.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT AND ESSENCE OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISE
Authors:   ВНЗ "Університет економіки та права "КРОК", Ситнік Євген
Published: January 2025

The article examines the conceptual foundations and scientific approaches to understanding the concept and essence of the economic security of enterprise.

The relevance of the topic of the study is due to the fact that in modern economic conditions economic entities in Ukraine are under the significant influence of external negative factors that make it impossible to stable effective work and worsen the overall results of financial, economic, operational activities, lead to crises and bankruptcy of enterprises. Ensuring high efficiency and sustainability of the economic system of enterprise becomes one of the priorities management tasks. The solution of these complex tasks and the organization of active counteraction to external and internal destabilizing factors is solved by ensuring and strengthening the economic security of the enterprise.

The aim of the article is to study the conceptual foundations and scientific approaches to understanding the concept and essence of economic security of enterprise.

The methodological basis of the study is the methods of scientific cognition: analysis and synthesis, system approach, structural, process, complex, functional scientific approaches.

The obtained scientific results consist in the generalization of scientific approaches to understanding the concept and essence of economic security of enterprise. It is determined that the application of protective, competitive, resource, resource-functional, complex, sustainable, harmonizing and complementary scientific approaches to the essence and study of the definition of economic security of enterprise makes it possible to generalize and systematize all conditions, aspects, functional components, directions direction of actions, methods and means that are of key importance in ensuring the economic security of the enterprise.

Prospects for further research are to generalize scientific approaches that form the basis for further understanding and study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of the system of economic security of enterprise, as a combination of all components and elements aimed at ensuring the economic security of enterprise with the formation of relationships and interaction both within the economic entity itself and between its functional subsystems, and in interaction with partners of the external Environment.
PROJECT SCHEDULING IN A DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT CONSIDERING EMPLOYEES' WORKING HOURS
Authors:   ВНЗ "Університет економіки та права "КРОК", Боголій Олександр
Published: January 2025

In recent years, distributed software development has gained significant popularity, enabling companies to enhance productivity by leveraging global resources while simultaneously reducing production costs and time-to-market. However, this organizational model presents management with distinct challenges. One such challenge lies in the complexity of scheduling tasks in a remote, distributed environment. In addition to the traditional factors considered in co-located settings, managers must now account for the diverse working hours and time zones of geographically dispersed team members. Although numerous scheduling techniques have been developed in recent decades, limited research has focused on scheduling in relation to employees' working hours. This research aims to develop a novel scheduling approach that incorporates employee calendar constraints and provides valuable insights for project managers, particularly those operating in remote, distributed environments. The proposed methodology encompasses the development of a new algorithmic approach to produce an optimal project schedule that accounts for employee working hours. Comparative analysis against classical two-phase calendarization method and co-located setups showed the potential to reduce overall project duration by 6% and demonstrates particular efficiency in projects characterized by high task graph complexity. In addition, experiments showed that scheduling with consideration of working hours is even more effective when the time zone difference between subteams is approximately 8 hours, aligning with the typical employee workday. In the future, the proposed technique can be further refined by considering additional factors and constraints in the resource allocation process, specifically the need for synchronization between engineers working in different time zones.