bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastric Cancer and Associated Pathogens: Is There Any Association in Moroccan Region?
Authors: Boukhris Samia Alaoui , khadir Mounia El , Karim Safae , Souho Tiatou , Benajah Dafr-Allah , Ibrahimi Sidi Adil , Chbani Laila , Abkari Mohamed El , Bennani Bahia
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus are three pathogens associated with various human cancers. This study aimed to investigate the role of these pathogens in gastric cancer in Moroccan population Methods: For this, a retrospective study has been conducted on participants attending the gastroenterology department of Hassan II University Hospital of Fez. A total of 279 participants were enrolled. H. pylori, EBV and HPV were detected and genotyped by PCR.Results: A significant association has been established between H. pylori, EBV and gastric cancer. 93.4% and 43.3% of gastric cancer cases are related to H. pylori and EBV respectively (p≤0.01). H. pylori-EBV co-infection is responsible of 31.6% of gastric cancer cases (p<0.01). Correlation between pathogens genotypes and gastric cancer shows 55.6% of GC EBV positives are carrying the 30bp deletion in LMP1gene, while 16% of gastric cancers cases are carrying high-risk genotypes of HPV (p=0.21). Conclusion: The obtained results highlight the possible role of co-infection in gastric cancer development.
The Cyclical Sine Model Explanation for Climate Change
Authors: Nierode Dale Erwin
Published: December 2021

This paper will show that the global warming/climate change underway on Earth today is a totally natural occurrence with solid scientific and historical support. The Earth is currently in the upswing part of its normal temperature cycle. Very warm (Medieval Warming) and very cold (Little Ice Age) cycles have been historically documented on Earth for at least the last 3,000 years. This cyclicity has a repeated period of approximately every 1,500 years [1]. The explanation for the Earth’s temperature increases since 1850 is captured in a mathematical model called the Cyclical Sine Model. This model fits past climate cycles, measured temperatures since 1850, and correlates closely with the thousand year cyclicity of solar activity from 14C/12C ratio studies [2], and Bond [3] Atlantic drift ice cycles. This model also agrees with sunspot history, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. In addition, this model quantitively explains the time span 1945-1975 when an impending ice age was feared [4]. Earth temperatures are controlled by three solar cycles of approximately 1,000, 70, and 11 years. The Cyclical Sine Model is the best explanation for the Earth’s recent temperature increases.
Awake Prone Positioning in Nonintubated Spontaneous Breathing ICU Patients with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (PRONELIFE) – Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Morales-Quinteros Luis , Schultz Marcus J , Neto Ary Serpa , Antonelli Massimo , Grieco Domenico L , Roca Oriol , Juffermans Nicole , Blanch Lluis , De Haro Candelaria , De Mendoza Diego , Camprubi-Rimblas Marta , Artigas Antonio
Published: December 2021

BackgroundIt is uncertain whether awake prone positioning can prevent intubation for invasive ventilation in spontaneous breathing critically ill patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Awake prone positioning could benefit these patients for various reasons, including a reduction in direct harm to lung tissue, and prevention of tracheal intubation related complications.Design and MethodsThe PRONELIFE study is an investigator–initiated, international, multicenter, randomized clinical trial in patients who may need invasive ventilation because of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Consecutive patients admitted to participating ICUs are randomly assigned to standard care with awake prone positioning, versus standard care without awake prone positioning. The primary endpoint is a composite of tracheal intubation and all–cause mortality in the first 14 days after enrolment. Secondary endpoints include time to tracheal intubation and effects of awake prone positioning on oxygenation parameters, dyspnea sensation, and complications. Other endpoints are the number of days free from ventilation and alive at 28 days, total duration of use of noninvasive respiratory support, total duration of invasive ventilation, length of stay in ICU and hospital, and mortality in ICU and hospital, and at 28, 60, and 90 days. We will also collect data regarding the tolerance of prone positioning.DiscussionThe PRONELIFE study is amongst the first randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of awake prone positioning on intubation rate in ICU patients with acute hypoxemic failure from any cause. The PRONELIFE study is sufficiently sized to determine the effect of awake prone positioning on intubation for invasive ventilation––patients are eligible in case of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure without restrictions regarding etiology. The PRONELIFE study is a pragmatic trial in which blinding is impossible––however, as around 35 ICUs worldwide will participate in this study, its findings will be highly generalizable. The findings of the PRONELIFE study has the potential to change clinical management of patients who may need invasive ventilation because of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN11536318. Registered 17 September 2021, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11536318The PRONELIFE study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov with reference number NCT04142736 (October, 2019).
A search for a stochastic archetype of quantum probability
Authors: Jenkins Tim C
Published: December 2021

Superposed wavefunctions in quantum mechanics lead to a squared amplitude that introduces interference into a probability density, which has long been a puzzle because interference between probability densities exists nowhere else in probability theory. In recent years, Man’ko and coauthors have successfully reconciled quantum and classic probability using a symplectic tomographic model. Nevertheless, there remains an unexplained coincidence in quantum mechanics, namely, that mathematically, the interference term in the squared amplitude of superposed wavefunctions gives the squared amplitude the form of a variance of a sum of correlated random variables, and we examine whether there could be an archetypical variable behind quantum probability that provides a mathematical foundation that observes both quantum and classic probability directly. The properties that would need to be satisfied for this to be the case are identified, and a generic hidden variable that satisfies them is found that would be present everywhere, transforming into a process-specific variable wherever a quantum process is active. Uncovering this variable confirms the possibility that it could be the stochastic archetype of quantum probability.
Accelerating the Pace of Innovation for the Greater Good
Authors: Michelson Gary K.
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has created the need for an accelerated drug development paradigm to bring vaccines to the masses. Several public-private partnerships, including Operation Warp Speed (OWS), helped fund an accelerated research & development (R&D) framework in which low-risk
vaccines, likely to be successful, were supported via federal spending. This investment bore fruit less than a year later, with the approval of the first COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and OWS-supported Moderna. The collaborative problem solving and disruptive thinking demonstrated in the race
to a COVID-19 vaccine has ushered in a new era of openness that has sped up global efforts. This race serves as proof-of-concept for an accelerated R&D framework. Establishing a "National Institute of Cures" could help cement this disruptive drug development process as permanent policy.
USF Pandemic Response Research Network (USF-PRRN): A Highly Integrative Basic and Responsive Research Approach to Covid-19
Authors: Larsen Randy W. , Bradley-Klug Kathy , Bloom Michael , Goldstein Howard , Sanberg Paul R.
Published: December 2021

Pandemics represent significant threats to global health and impact all aspects of human life including physical and mental health, global economics, education, public policy and commu- nication. The diversity of impacts associated with global pandemics as well as the speed of the resulting
disease spread require multidisciplinary timely approaches to address the complex interplay of factors required for pandemic mitigation. Universities provide a critical national asset for addressing pandemic mitigation as these institutions possess broad intellectual capital that can be leveraged
to guide national and global responses. Universities across the United States have approached the pandemic with a variety of strategies to link disciplinary expertise to target differing aspects of the problem. The University of South Florida adapted a rapid response research network approach
that essentially integrates HIBAR principles (Highly Integrative Basic and Responsive research) to address wide ranging aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This description of the USF Pandemic Response Research Network (USF-PRRN) highlights the HIBAR features of the network and how the USF-PRRN
concept can be applied to other global sustainability challenges.
Structure-Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Quercetin and Its Co2+ Chelate
Authors: ÖZTÜRK KİRAZ Aslı , YALÇIN Fatih
Published: December 2021

Quercetin and its metal complexes have anti-oxidation, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and kinds of enzymatic activities. Studies in recent years, these activities are very important for health and pharmaceutics. The purpose of this manuscript is to determine the structure-activity relations and antioxidant properties of the Quercetin and Quercetin-Co2+ chelate from a theoretical view and to be used these compounds in the treatment of the diseases. We found that Quercetin is more stable than Quercetin-Co2+ chelate but Quercetin-Co2+ chelate is more conductive and the O22-H bond of the Quercetin molecule has the highest antioxidant activity. The remarkable electron delocalization occurred between the donor (C17-C19) anti bond and acceptor (C13-C15) anti bond with 319.62 kcal/mol stabilization energy in Quercetin.
Antidiabetic Potential and Chemical Constituents of Haloxylon scoparium Aerial Part, An Endemic Plant from Southeastern Algeria
Authors: BENKHERARA Salah , BORDJIBA Ouahiba , HARRAT Samiha , DJAHRA Ali Boutlelis
Published: December 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease. Traditional medicines are currently still popular as an alternative in the treatment of this disease. However, the mechanism of action in lowering blood sugar of most folk recipes remains unproven. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of an Algerian halophyte in regulating postprandial hyperglycemia via α-amylase inhibitory activity. For this, methanolic and aqueous crude extracts were prepared from the aerial part of Haloxylon scoparium Pomel and analyzed by HPLC/ UV method. Total flavonoids, total tannins and total alkaloids as specific extracts were also prepared from the same part. The in vitro α-amylase inhibition assay using starch-iodine was performed. As results, the methanolic crude extract seems to be the best with 29 phenolic compounds of which the most abundant is gallic acid. All tested extracts showed better α-amylase inhibitory activities. Among these extracts and compared to acarbose (IC50 = 17.96 µg/ mL), the methanolic crude extract had the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 = 22.9 µg/ mL), followed by total flavonoids and alkaloids. Finally, we conclude that Haloxylon scoparium aerial part had displayed maximum inhibition against α-amylase enzyme especially with its methanolic crude extract. It can be used for management of postprandial hyperglycemia with lesser side effects and provide a strong rationale for further animal and clinical studies.
Survival Characteristics of E. coli K-12 Strain and Genetically Modified E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int Strain in Natural and Anthropogenic Water and Soil Samples
Authors: Kuligin V.S. , Zhuravliova O.A. , Debabov V.G.
Published: December 2021

The survival time of the E. coli K-12 strain and the genetically modified E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int strain developed on its basis, a producer of succinic acid, has been determined in various natural and anthropogenically contaminated water and soil samples. The dynamics of the abundance of both strains in water samples from a well, a pond and a sewer collector was evaluated. It was found that within 10 days of the experiment, the cells of both strains died in all water samples. The highest dynamics of cell death, within 4 days, was observed in the wastewater from the collector. The survival rate of both strains in the same environment was similar; however, there was a tendency towards lower viability of the genetically modified producer. In the sod-podzolic and urbanozem soil samples, the growth of the studied strains was suppressed regardless of the type of soil. The absence of viable E. coli K-12 and E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int cells was observed after 10 and 7 days of incubation, respectively. The results indicate a high level of safety of the genetically modified E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int strain and the lack of its competition with microflora of water and soil samples from natural and anthropogenic sources.

Escherichia coli K-12, genetically modified microorganisms, survival, natural ecosystems, environmental monitoring

The authors are grateful to the Russian State Collection of Industrial Microorganisms National Bio-Resource Center (BRC VKPM), State Research Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, for providing bacterial strains. We thank A. D. Novikov, a researcher of the Kurchatov Genomic Center - GosNIIgenetica, for participation in the planning of experiments and discussion of the results and Zakharova M.V., Associate Professor of the Department of Theory of State and Law of the O.E. Kutafin University (MGUA) for legal advice in the preparation of regulatory and legal documentation on genetic safety.

The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-29-14005).
Dormant Cancer Cells: Molecular Features, in vitro Models, and Identification Methods
Authors: Nikulin S.V. , Alekseev B.YA.
Published: December 2021

Oncological diseases are one of the leading causes of death in the Russian Federation. For instance, 640,391 cases of malignant neoplasms were detected for the first time in the Russian Federation in 2019. This is a 2.5% increase in comparison with 2018. The total number of cancer patients also grew, from 3,762,218 in 2018 to 3,928,338 at the end of 2019. The main cause of high mortality in cancer is the occurrence of metastases. For the most common solid tumors (prostate, lung, colon, kidney, melanoma), foci of metastatic lesions can be detected long after treatment and removal of the primary tumor. The most prominent example is hormone-dependent breast cancer, in which the risk of recurrence continues to rise steadily for 15 years after the completion of a 5-year adjuvant therapy. This observation formed the basis for the concept of dormancy of cancer cells. The presence of dormant cancer cells in the body is associated with relapse, metastasis, and poor clinical outcome, suggesting that these cells may play a crucial role in disease recurrence. A study of the phenotypic features of dormant cancer cells is a key area in tumor biology and understanding the mechanisms of their drug resistance may help prevent cancer recurrence. In this work, we have reviewed currently available data on the features of dormant cancer cells, methods of their identification and laboratory models used to study them.

dormant cancer cells, recurrence, in vitro models, organoids

The work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-15-00397).
O LABOR NANOTECH E A NECESSÁRIA METAMORFOSE JURÍDICA: COMO AS ATUAIS SOCIEDADES DE RISCO PODEM SE VALER DE UM AMBIENTE REGULATÓRIO PLURALISTA PARA A GARANTIA DO NÃO RETROCESSO À DIGNIDADE HUMANA DO TRABALHADOR
Authors: Engelmann Wilson , Von Hohendorff Raquel , Mendonça Isabelle de Cássia
Published: December 2021

A evolução tecnocientífica pós-modernista conquistou níveis moleculares de manipulação. Tal constatação é verificada com o advento da “Revolução Nanotecnológica”, isto é, a interação e a produção de nanopartículas - estas correspondentes à bilionésima parte do metro. Dessa maneira, indubitavelmente, o campo laboral faz-se alvo dessa inovação que cresce consideravelmente – e sem qualquer certeza quanto às consequências da interação nano com os seres vivos. Surgem, por conseguinte, preocupações no campo jurídico-trabalhista, principalmente, na falta de marcos regulatórios específicos. Portanto, o objeto do presente estudo está na demonstração da importância da atuação de diferentes atores para a proteção da dignidade humana do trabalhador, isto é, a esfera governamental e a esfera particular, diante da inércia do Poder Legislativo. Para tanto, o método utilizado foi o sistêmico-construtivista, assim como revisões bibliográficas, por meio de pesquisa de bases que não compõem o Direito tradicional. Assim, a harmonização de diferentes polos faz-se de suma importância, uma vez que se considera a necessidade do não retrocesso na dignidade humana dos trabalhadores. Ademais, fontes formais e informais atuando, conjuntamente, estão a se consolidar, principalmente, diante de uma sociedade de risco e que se caracteriza pelo caráter líquido dos conceitos clássicos - em especial, o próprio Direito (objeto de análise).
POLÍTICAS HABITACIONAIS NACIONAIS: OS DESAFIOS AO DIREITO DE MORADIA NOS ARRANJOS INSTITUCIONAIS DO PROGRAMA MINHA CASA MINHA VIDA
Authors: De Moraes Braga Junior Sergio Alexandre
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho tem como tema o enfrentamento dos desafios ao direito à moradia com foco em políticas habitacionais nacionais. Nesse sentido, tem como objetivo analisar os arranjos institucionais no âmbito do programa habitacional “Minha Casa Minha Vida” sob o viés da ampliação da participação nesse programa e da viabilização do alcance dos objetivos propostos. Tal exame considerará a inserção do referido programa no contexto da organização jurídico-institucional da política urbana em âmbito nacional. A metodologia seguirá o método indutivo e revisão da bibliografia e dos atos normativos relevantes ao tema.  De início, situar-se-á enquanto política pública o programa “Minha Casa Minha Vida” e a inclusão da moradia entre o rol dos direitos fundamentais após a emenda constitucional nº 26/2000. Em seguida, enfatizar-se-á o empenho legislativo no sentido de garantir o direito à moradia, com vistas à harmonização entre os direitos individuais e coletivos e os processos de desenvolvimento econômico e preservação do meio-ambiente, enfatizando o papel do Estatuto das Cidades na consolidação desse direito fundamental. Avalia-se, como resultado, como a dinâmica do programa habitacional em questão lida com os fenômenos da cidade ilegal e da exclusão social e com as demandas advindas dos movimentos sociais relacionados à moradia, de forma a tecer conclusão acerca do grau de êxito desse programa no sentido de contribuir para a garantia e fortalecimento do direito à moradia no contexto pátrio.
JURISDIÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA DICOTOMIA SUBSTANCIALISMO VS. PROCEDIMENTALISMO
Authors: Burckhart Thiago Rafael
Published: December 2021

A Constituição Federal de 1988 consolidou um modelo misto e complexo de jurisdição constitucional no Brasil. Ao longo de seus 30 anos de vigência, a preocupação com a efetividade de seus dispositivos implicou na importação de teorias para legitimar ou não as práticas de magistrados neste âmbito. A discussão sobre a dicotomia “substancialismo” vs. “procedimentalismo” se posiciona neste interface. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é de analisar criticamente a transposição deste debate ao cenário jurídico-constitucional brasileiro, buscando verificar em que medida ele harmoniza-se com o modelo de controle de constitucionalidade insculpido pela Constituição de 1988. O trabalho insere-se no campo da Teoria Constitucional, com aportes da dogmática constitucional e da teoria política. Como conclusão, tem-se que: 1) a dicotomia substancialismo vs. procedimentalismo é equivocada para analisar o modelo de justiça constitucional brasileiro; da mesma forma que 2) tanto as correntes “procedimentalistas” quanto as correntes “substancialistas”, naquilo em que elas prescrevem enquanto proposta teórica e política, são também incondizentes com este modelo e insuficientes para compreendê-lo. O artigo propugna pela necessidade de maior cuidado metodológico na importação de teorias estrangeiras, e pela necessidade de aprofundar os estudos sobre comparação constitucional no Brasil.
A CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO QUANTO À NECESSIDADE DE ATUAÇÃO COM SERIEDADE NA PROTEÇÃO COLETIVA PREVENTIVA: UM MECANISMO PARA A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DA SOCIEDADE E DO ESTADO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Storino Rodrigo Antônio Ribeiro , Lemos Júnior Eloy Pereira
Published: December 2021

A temática da pesquisa é a análise do perfil do direito coletivo brasileiro, que se apresenta como fator contributivo para prevenção de danos sociais. O tema possui relevância para efetiva modificação da postura da sociedade e Estado brasileiro diante dos perigos e riscos detectados cotidianamente, evitando danos coletivos graves e irreversíveis. Questionado neste artigo se a priorização da proteção coletiva preventiva é mecanismo eficaz para inibir e fazer cessar a reiteração de práticas ilícitas geradoras de danos sociais. O marco teórico utilizado foi o enfoque neoconstitucionalista próprio do modelo constitucional brasileiro inaugurado em 1988, o qual instituiu a nova summa divisio entre direitos individuais e coletivos. Concluiu-se pela necessidade de modificação de filosofia e postura da sociedade e Estado brasileiro, para a aplicação com seriedade da sistematização jurídica existente, como mecanismo de evitar danos coletivos, pois não se amolda ao modelo constitucional brasileiro atuação individualista e patrimonialista, bem como postura passiva diante dos perigos e riscos que se apresentam. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão-bibliográfica, com delimitação do problema através do método dedutivo, realizando-se ainda análise explicativa histórica da evolução das teorias do Estado e análise interpretativa crítica dos obstáculos a efetividade do direito coletivo brasileiro.
Covid-19 pandemisinde genel hastane acil servisine başvuran intihar girişimlerinin incelenmesi
Authors: YENİ ELBAY Rümeysa , EROL Fatma Nur
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 pandemisinde genel hastane acil servisine başvuran intihar girişimlerini sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri açısından incelemektir.Yöntem: Çalışma, 01 Şubat 2021- 31 Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında genel hastane acil servisine intihar girişimi ile başvuran hastaların geriye dönük tıbbi kayıtları incelenerek yapılmıştır. Bulgular: İntihar girişimi ile başvuran 94 hastanın %59,4’ü kadın, %34‘ü çalışmayan, %52,1’i bekârdır. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 35.11±14.19’dur. Hastaların 36’sı daha önce intihar girişiminde bulunmuştur. İlaç doz aşımı (%86,2) en sık kullanılan intihar yöntemidir. Bunu kendini kesme (%12,8) ve sıçan zehri (%1,1) takip eder. Başvuranların çoğu (%58,5) psikiyatri poliklinik takibi ile taburcu edilmiş, %27,6’sı psikiyatri servisine yatırılmış, %13,3’ü psikiyatrik tedaviyi reddetmiştir. En sık başvuran yaş grubu 25-34 (%41,5)’tür. Vakaların yarısından fazlasının (%54,3) daha önce psikiyatrik öyküsü bulunmamaktadır. Kadın ve erkek hastalar arasında psikiyatrik tanı varlığı, önceki girişim sayısı, kullanılan yöntem ve değerlendirme sonrası psikiyatri servisine yatış gereksinimi açısından fark yoktur.Sonuç: Çalışmada Covid-19 döneminde intihar girişimlerinin cinsiyet, medeni durum, çalışma durumu, kullanılan yöntem ve girişim sayısı açısından pandemi öncesi döneme göre literatürden farklılık göstermediği görüldü. Ancak mevcut örneklemimizde yaş aralığı daha yüksekti ve daha önce psikiyatrik öyküsü olmayan daha fazla hasta vardı. Bu bulgular Covid-19 pandemisi döneminde ruh sağlığı hizmetlerine erişimin kolaylaştırılmasının önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Assessment of Iodofolic Supplementation on Thyroid Function in Pregnant
Women with Iodine Sufficient Status and their Infants in Birjand
Authors: Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samarghandian Saeed , Rezaei Maryam , Ataei Naeemeh , Zarban Asghar , Mobasher Nahid
Published: December 2021

Background:

Maintaining iodine at sufficient levels is necessary throughout the pregnancy
to prevent adverse outcomes in infants. This study aimed to assess iodofolic supplementation's
impact on thyroid function in women at the end of the third trimesters of gestation.

Methods:

This case-control study was conducted on 130 pregnant women in the Birjand, east of
Iran, during the period from August 2017 to February 2019. We assessed iodofolic supplementation
effect in the women at the first trimesters of gestation and followed them at the end of the third
trimesters and also their infants on days 3-5. Serum samples were obtained from women and infants
for measuring levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Urinary iodine concentration
(UIC) was also determined at the end of the third trimester.

Results:

The median serum TSH concentration in the folic acid consumed group (3.26 ± 1.91) did
not significantly differ from another group (2.98 ± 1.41), (p = 0.68). There is also no considerable
difference in the mean serum TSH concentration between infants born from mothers who consumed
folic acid in the first trimester of pregnancy and another group (p = 0.50). The TSH concentration
in all infants was below 5 μM/L. The significant difference in the mean of UIC was also not
observed between pregnant women in the folic acid consumed group (188.02 ± 105.38) and iodofolic
consumed group (225.77 ± 130.26), (p = 0.13).

Conclusion:

Iodine intake in our study was sufficient according to the WHO recommendation and
idofolic supplementation was not emphasized.
Application of Theory in Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Practice
Authors: Uddin Zakir , MacDermid Joy C. , Hegazy Fatma A. , Packham Tara L.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Chronic pain has multiple aetiological factors and complexity. Pain theory helps us to guide and organize our thinking to deal with this complexity. The objective of this paper is to critically review the most influential theory in pain science history (the gate control theory of pain) and focus on its implications in chronic pain rehabilitation to minimize disability.

Methods:

In this narrative review, all the published studies that focused upon pain theory were retrieved from Ovoid Medline (from 1946 till present), EMBAS, AMED and PsycINFO data bases.

Results:

Chronic pain is considered a disease or dysfunction of the nervous system. In chronic pain conditions, hypersensitivity is thought to develop from changes to the physiological top-down control (inhibitory) mechanism of pain modulation according to the pain theory. Pain hypersensitivity manifestation is considered as abnormal central inhibitory control at the gate controlling mechanism. On the other hand, pain hypersensitivity is a prognostic factor in pain rehabilitation. It is clinically important to detect and manage hypersensitivity responses and their mechanisms.

Conclusion:

Since somatosensory perception and integration are recognized as a contributor to the pain perception under the theory, then we can use the model to direct interventions aimed at pain relief. The pain theory should be leveraged to develop and refine measurement tools with clinical utility for detecting and monitoring hypersensitivity linked to chronic pain mechanisms.
Mineral Density and Markers of Bone Remodelling in Young Athletes in Response to Weightlifting Exercise: A Pilot Study
Authors: Reyes Fernando B. , Enríquez Rogelio R. , Brown Julio M. , S. Sainz José Andre-í , Méndez Estrada Rosa O. , V. Valle Rosa Consuelo , Dosamantes Armando C. , S. Sainz Héctor Manuel
Published: December 2021

Background:

Weightlifting is a practice that exerts a high degree of pressure on the skeleton when supporting large loads of weight. The practice of exercise contributes by improving bone mineral density (BMD) and can prevent problems associated with low BMD.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to determine BMD and measure bone turnover using blood markers in weightlifting athletes in response to exercise.

Methods:

The study included 16 athletes and 16 controls of both sexes in the range of 18 to 22 years old. BMD was determined at the femoral neck, hip, lumbar spine, and Total Mineral Density (TMD). The value of the total mineral density (TMDV) was obtained from the sum of the BMD of the evaluated regions. Bone formation and resorption in blood were evaluated by Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Acid Phosphatase (ACP), respectively. In addition, the concentration of urea and Creatine Kinase (CK) were determined.

Results:

The mean BMD of the lumbar spine and TMDV was of 1.2 g/cm2 in female and male athletes. In young people who did not practice weightlifting, BMD in the lumbar spine (0.9 g/cm2 in both groups) and TMDV (1.05 g/cm2 in women and 1.11 g/cm2 in men) were significantly lower (p <0.05). The activity in bone formation and CK in male athletes was twice as high compared to the other groups. The blood urea concentration in athletes (32.7- 38.0 mg/dL) was significantly higher (p <0.05) compared to the control groups (19.3-18.8 mg/dL).

Conclusion:

The practice of weightlifting benefits bone mass gain in the lumbar spine. These findings suggest that exercises in which high weight loads are supported promote bone turnover and mineralization to prevent bone weakening.
Water Polo Performance Classification Based on the Functional Test for Agility Performance: A Long-Term Training Tool
Authors: Tucher Guilherme , Telles Silvio de Cássio Costa , Cabral Ricardo Gomes , Garrido Nuno Domingos , de Souza Castro Flávio Antônio
Published: December 2021

Background:

Water polo is an open-skilled team sport in which agility is important.

Objective:

This study aimed to propose a water polo player classification based on the Functional Test for Agility Performance.

Methods:

A total of 78 male water polo players of different competition levels (7.7% regional, 52.5% national and 39.7% international), years of training (6.7 ± 4.5; 2-25 years), weekly training frequency (6.1 ± 2.1; 2-12) and age (18.1 ± 4.3; 12-36) were evaluated in the Functional Test for Agility Performance. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis was used in five levels to classify water polo player performance.

Results:

The players were classified based on the Functional Test for Agility Performance as excellent (≤ 3.22 s), very good (3.23-4.48 s); good (4.49-4.76 s); under development (4.77-5.11 s) and learning (≥ 5.12 s). Age, years of training, and weekly training frequency showed a decreasing trend from Gr1 to Gr4. Athletes at the international level ranked primarily in the best performing groups (Gr1 and Gr2, n = 30), the ones at the national level in the intermediate groups (Gr2, Gr3 and Gr4; n = 41), with a higher concentration in Gr2, and those at regional level mainly in Gr4 (n = 4).

Conclusion:

This classification proposal is expected to be useful as a tool to evaluate the training of athletes of different competition levels as well as to follow up on water polo athletes in long-term training.
Synthesis and characterization of permanent magnetic oxide system Ba1-x-yLaxCeyFe12O19 system doped with La-Ce metal using wet mechanical milling method
Authors: Adnyana I Gusti Agung Putra , Sukarasa I Ketut , Suarbawa Komang Ngurah
Published: December 2021

The development of permanent magnet-based rare earth metals becomes a serious problem if the raw materials are difficult to find. The solution chosen is to utilize an oxide-based permanent magnet with little substitution of rare earth metals. In this study presented a permanent magnetic synthesis of barium hexaferrite-based oxides that were doped with La and Ce atoms. The synthesis of this material uses the wet mechanical milling technique to obtain the single phase permanent magnet system Ba1-x-yLaxCeyFe12O19 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04 and y = 0. 0.05, 0.1). The precursor is weighed according to stoichiometric composition and is milled for 5 hours then compressed at a pressure of 7000 Psi. Sintering temperature for the formation of the barium hexaferrite phase at 1200oC for 2 hours. All samples after sintering were characterized using XRD and EDS.  A single phase is obtained on all sample compositions with a hexagonal P63/mmc structure and is supported by elemental analysis data that each substituted sample contains elements La and Ce. Lattice parameters a, b, and c appear to decrease with increasing concentrations of La and Ce doping ions with a ratio of c/a in the range of 3.93-3.94.
Documents and domains Aspects of Intercultural Education in English Language Teaching (ELT) in Portugal
Authors: Hurst Nicolas , Franco Carla
Published: December 2021

The early learning of English in the state school network in Portugal has been the subject of a wide debate, which has not been exhausted by the introduction of English teaching as a curricular subject in the 1st cycle, in 2015, and which has helped to develop the intercultural awareness of a greater number of children. The new programmes and guideline documents emanating from the Ministry of Education, where objectives and areas of learning have been redefined, have been discussed and changed since the supranational imposition of the Common European Framework of Reference in 2001, with increasing allusions to the intercultural domain in learning English. Likewise, all the academic literature, from authors such as Byram (2006; 2009) and Guilherme . (2006), points to the centrality of intercultural competence in the learning of citizenship and curriculum construction since the first years of schooling. This article seeks to analyze the extent to which these intentions and visions of the “Intercultural Domain” have been incorporated into the reference curriculum documents and, in turn, will be structuring the experience of learning the English language by Portuguese children
JENIS DAN FUNGSI PERMAINAN BAHASA (BAHASA PLESETAN) KAUS YAJUGAYA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Puput Kinanti Kingkin , Riskawati Yuliana
Published: December 2021

This study aims to describe (1) types of language game and (2) functions of language games on Yajugaya shirts. This type of research is a qualittative descriptive study. The subjects of this research are in lingual units consisting of words, pharases and sentences contained in the Yajugaya shirt. The object of research is the from of language games, types of language games and the funcitions of language games found on the Yajugaya shirt. Data obtained by observation and dokumentation techniques, the technique is applied by collecting sources in the form of language game material especially material that refers to theYajugaya shirt to strengthen the research. Data were analyzed using interactive methods, in the interactive analysis process, there were data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. On the validity of the data obtained through the validity test of increasing persistence, triangulation and peer discussion. The results of the study consisted of three thing, namely as follows: first, the basic froms of language games contained in the Yajugaya shirt were 3. Namely (1) basic form of language game words (2) basic forms of language games phrase (3) basic from of language game sentences. The two funcition of language games on the shirt are also 4, namely (1)type of word play on the shirt, (2) types of word games between languages on the Yajugaya shirt, (3) types of malapropism, (4) types of tongue glitch on the Yajugaya shirt. Third, there are 4 funcitions of the language game on the shirt namely (1) humor funcitions (2) criticism funcition (3) creative funcitions and (4) aesthetic funcitions.
BASED ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AS EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION BY STRENGTHENING EMPLOYEE RETENTION ASPECT
Authors:   Magister of Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Widyagama Malang, Hermawati Adya , Rizka Afinna Septa ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Widyagama Malang, Bahri Syamsul ,   Universitas Widyagama Malang, Djawoto Djawoto ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia (STIESIA) Surabaya, Hendarto Totok ,   Universitas Dr. Soetomo Surabaya
Published: December 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence that good Talent Management will improve employee performance to be optimal, consistent employee retention, consistent employee retention will increase optimal employee performance, and consistent employee retention will increase optimal employee performance at PT. Panahmas Ekatama Distrindo Malang. The research approach is explanatory research. Data were collected with a survey method that uses questionnaires. The population of the research was counted as 96 person result of the research showed that (1) good talent management will produce optimum employee performance; (2) good talent management will deliver consistent employee retention; (3) consistent employee retention will engender optimum. Employee performance; and (4) good talent management can produce employee performance through consistent employee retention. Theoretically, the usefulness of this research is to contribute to the fields of Human Resource Management, Talent Management, Employee Retention, and Employee Performance.
Classification of Parkinson's Disease from Smartphone Recording Data using Time-Frequency Analysis and Convolutional Neural Network (Preprint)
Authors: Worasawate Denchai , Asawaponwiput Warisara , Yoshimura Natsue , Intarapanich Apichart , Surangsrirat Decho
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a long-term neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. The current diagnosis is dependent on clinical observation and the abilities and experience of a trained specialist. One of the symptoms that affect most patients over the course of their illness is voice impairment.

OBJECTIVE

Voice is one of the non-invasive data that can be collected remotely for diagnosis and disease progression monitoring. In this study, we analyzed voice recording data from a smartphone as a possible disease biomarker. The dataset is from one of the largest mobile PD studies, the mPower study.

METHODS

A total of 29,798 audio clips from 4,051 participants were used for the analysis. The voice recordings were from sustained phonation by the participant saying /aa/ for ten seconds into the iPhone microphone. The audio samples were converted to a spectrogram using a short-time Fourier transform. CNN models were then applied to classify the samples.

RESULTS

A total of 29,798 audio clips from 4,051 participants were used for the analysis. The voice recordings were from sustained phonation by the participant saying /aa/ for ten seconds into the iPhone microphone. The audio samples were converted to a spectrogram using a short-time Fourier transform. CNN models were then applied to classify the samples.

CONCLUSIONS

Classification accuracies of the proposed method with LeNet-5, ResNet-50, and VGGNet-16 are 97.7 ± 0.1%, 98.6 ± 0.2%, and 99.3 ± 0.1%, respectively.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02696603; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02696603
Measures of Engagement with mHealth Interventions in Patients with Heart Failure: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Madujibeya Ifeanyi , Lennie Terry , Aroh Adaeze , Chung Misook L , Moser Debra
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The computing and communication features of mobile devices are increasingly leveraged in mHealth interventions to provide comprehensive and tailored support that may have positive outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). However, examination of mHealth intervention effectiveness has provided mixed findings. Considering that patient engagement is a prerequisite for the effectiveness of interventions, understanding how patients engage with mHealth interventions, and the effects of patient engagement on HF outcomes may explain the mixed findings.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to synthesize current evidence on measures of patient engagement with mHealth interventions, and the effects of engagement on HF outcomes

METHODS

A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in 7 databases for relevant studies published in the English Language from 2009 to September 2021. Descriptive characteristics of studies were reported. Content analysis was conducted to identify themes that described patient engagement with mHealth in the qualitative studies included in the review.

RESULTS

We synthesized 32 studies that operationalized engagement with mHealth interventions in 4771 patients with HF (67.9% male), ranging from a sample of 7 to 1571, with a median of 53.3 patients. Patient engagement with mHealth interventions was measured only quantitatively based on system usage data (71.8%, 23/32), only qualitatively based on data from semi-structured interviews and focus groups (6.3%, 2/32), and by a combination of both quantitative and qualitative data (21.9%, 7/32). System usage data were evaluated using 6 metrics of engagement: (1) number of physiological parameters transmitted (63.3%, 19/30); (2) number of HF questionnaires completed (6.7%, 2/30); (3) numbers of logins (13.3%, 4/30); (4) number of short message service (SMS) responses (3.3%, 1/30); (5) time spent (16.7%, 5/30); (6) number of features accessed/screen viewed (9.5%, 4/30). There was a lack of consistency in how system usage metrics were reported across the studies. Eighty percent of the studies reported only the descriptive characteristics of the system usage data. Emotional, cognitive, and behavioral domains of patient engagement were identified in qualitative studies. Patient engagement levels ranged from 45% to 100% and decreased over time. The effects of engagement on HF knowledge, self-care, exercise adherence, and HF hospitalizations were inconclusive.

CONCLUSIONS

The operational definitions of patient engagement with mHealth interventions are underreported and lack consistency. The application of inferential analytical methods to engagement data is extremely limited. More research focused on developing optimal and standardized measures of patient engagement that may be applied across different study designs is warranted.
Understanding People With Chronic Pain Who Use a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Artificial Intelligence Mental Health App (Wysa): Mixed Methods Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Meheli Saha , Sinha Chaitali , Kadaba Madhura
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Digital health interventions can bridge barriers in access to treatment among individuals with chronic pain.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the perceived needs, engagement, and effectiveness of the mental health app Wysa with regard to mental health outcomes among real-world users who reported chronic pain and engaged with the app for support.

METHODS

Real-world data from users (N=2194) who reported chronic pain and associated health conditions in their conversations with the mental health app were examined using a mixed methods retrospective observational study. An inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the conversational data of users with chronic pain to assess perceived needs, along with comparative macro-analyses of conversational flows to capture engagement within the app. Additionally, the scores from a subset of users who completed a set of pre-post assessment questionnaires, namely Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (n=69) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 (GAD-7) (n=57), were examined to evaluate the effectiveness of Wysa in providing support for mental health concerns among those managing chronic pain.

RESULTS

The themes emerging from the conversations of users with chronic pain included health concerns, socioeconomic concerns, and pain management concerns. Findings from the quantitative analysis indicated that users with chronic pain showed significantly greater app engagement (P<.001) than users without chronic pain, with a large effect size (Vargha and Delaney A=0.76-0.80). Furthermore, users with pre-post assessments during the study period were found to have significant improvements in group means for both PHQ-9 and GAD-7 symptom scores, with a medium effect size (Cohen d=0.60-0.61).

CONCLUSIONS

The findings indicate that users look for tools that can help them address their concerns related to mental health, pain management, and sleep issues. The study findings also indicate the breadth of the needs of users with chronic pain and the lack of support structures, and suggest that Wysa can provide effective support to bridge the gap.
A Review of Digital Health Design Approaches: Challenges Towards Real World Implementation (Preprint)
Authors: Duffy Anthony , Moreno Sylvain , Christie Greg
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Digital health represents an important strategy in the future of healthcare delivery. Over the past decade, mHealth has accelerated the agency of healthcare users. Despite prevailing excitement about the potential of digital health, questions remain on efficacy, uptake, usability and patience outcome. This challenge is confounded by two industries, DIGITAL and HEALTH, that have vastly different approaches to research, design, testing and implementation. In this regard, there is a need to examine prevailing design approaches, to weigh their benefits and challenges towards implementation, and to recommend a path forward that synthesises the needs of this complex stakeholder group.

OBJECTIVE

This review studies prominent digital health intervention (DHI) design approaches mediating the digital health space. In doing so, we seek to examine each methodology’s: origins, perceived benefits, contrasting nuances, challenges, and typical use-case scenarios.

METHODS

A narrative synthesis approach to literature review was employed to review existing evidence. We searched indexed scientific literature using keywords relative to different digital health intervention designs. Papers selected after screening were those that discussed the design and implementation of digital health design approaches.

RESULTS

120 papers on intervention design were selected for full-text review. We selected the 20 most prominent papers on each design approach, synthesizing findings under the categories of origins, advantages, disadvantages, challenges and cases.

CONCLUSIONS

Digital health is experiencing the growing pains of rapid expansion. Currently, numerous design approaches are being implemented in order to harmonise the needs of a complex stakeholder group. Whether the primary stakeholder is positioned as the end-user/person/human/patient, the challenge to synthesise the constraints and affordances of both digital design and healthcare, built equally around user satisfaction and clinically efficacy remains paramount. Further research that works towards a transdisciplinarity in digital health may help to break down friction in this field. Until digital health is viewed as a hybridised industry with unique requirements rather than competing interests, the nuances that each design approach posits will be difficult to realise in a real world context. We encourage the collaboration of digital and health experts within hybrid design teams, through all stages of intervention design, in order to create a better digital health culture and design ethos.