bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The “Play-Boy,” the Female Performer, and the Art of Portraying a Lady
Authors: Barker Roberta
Published: March 2015

This essay asks how the boy players of the early modern English public stage and the aristocratic female performers of the early modern English court masque might have considered, and perhaps even affected, one another’s arts. The performances of both groups of performers were carefully calculated to achieve specific aesthetic, social, and political goals. Neither an aristocratic lady dancing in a masque nor a boy performing the role of such a lady on the public stage could have afforded to lose sight of the codes of elegant feminine behavior. Is it possible, then, that women’s and boys’ portrayals of elite femininity employed similar theatrical tactics? This essay proposes one methodology by which we might tease out potential relationships between boys’ and women’s performances. It begins by considering the conceptions of boy players and noble ladies inscribed in the texts of Ben Jonson’s Masque of Queens (1609) and Love Restored (1612), comparing them to the scandalous behavior of Frances and Catherine Howard at the end of the latter masque’s performance. It goes on to suggest that these contexts may help us better to imagine how the boy who first played the eponymous heroine of John Webster’s The Duchess of Malfi (c.1612-13) portrayed her noble yet transgressive femininity. Such a comparison between the verbal and physical rhetoric of masques and those of public theater dramas may allow us to glimpse shared codes of class and gender embodiment across a range of performance cultures.
“Sing it Like Poor Barbary”: Othello and Early Modern Women’s Performance
Authors: McManus Clare
Published: March 2015

This essay examines the Folio version of Othello 4.3 via textual, performance and transnational analytic models in order to contextualize Desdemona’s Willow Song against the sung performances of English female ballad sellers and the Italian actress-singers of commedia and court fame. In this way, the essay argues that modes of female theatricality were contested at the heart of the dramatic and Shakespearean canon. The Folio Willow Song scene reworks the widely circulating trope of the lamenting abandoned woman, a figure whose virtuosic distress captivated audiences of the celebrated Italian commedia and court singers during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. One paradigmatic instance of virtuosic song and verbal dexterity, Isabella Andreini’s La Pazzia d’Isabell a (1589), is examined to propose Othello 4.3 as a bravura demonstration of the boy player’s practice in opposition to women’s performance, staking a claim for the virtuosity of the English boy in competition with the foreign actress. Further, given the ongoing scholarly debates over the absence of the Willow Song from the 1622 Quarto and its status in relation to the stage, the essay suggests that the virtuosity required of the English boy actor in the song’s performance feeds into casting practice and hence can illuminate the scene’s textual history.
Renaissance Women’s Performance and the Dramatic Canon: Theater History, Evidence, and Narratives
Authors: McManus Clare , Munro Lucy
Published: March 2015

This introduction to the special issue, ‘Renaissance Women’s Performance and the Dramatic Canon’, sets out and places in context the concerns with which the remaining essays engage. Opening by discussing uses of the term ‘actress’ by Thomas Kyd, Lording Barry and Philip Massinger, it describes the special issue’s engagement with the work of Natasha Korda, Robert Henke, Rachel Poulsen and others. It argues that criticism of the canonical drama of the professional stage should not overlook women’s performance, suggesting that by doing so scholarship will gain an increased understanding of the ways in which commercial plays responded to an important aspect of theatrical culture.
Afterword
Authors: Korda Natasha
Published: March 2015

Natasha Korda’s Afterword addresses this Special Issue’s contribution to the now considerable body of scholarship documenting female performance at every level of society across early modern England and Europe. In the wake of such scholarship, originating over a century ago, Korda asks why the case for the canonical significance of female performance practices still needs to be made. Tracing the “separate, but not equal” status conferred on female performance by the first wave of scholarship in the field, Korda then turns to the revisionist, second wave of scholarship, emerging in the 1980s and 90s and influenced by feminist and performance studies, which sought to establish that the “all-male stage” was more the exception than the rule in light of the heterogeneous landscape of female performance found outside of London and on the European continent. Building on this recovery and inclusion of a broad range of female performance practices, this volume seeks to make the case for their canonical significance, and in the process defines new lines of inquiry indicative of a third wave of scholarship in the field. The essays collected here not only demonstrate the profound and transformative influence of female performance on both canonical and (hitherto) non-canonical plays and on the performance styles of boy-actors, but illuminate the gendered ideologies underlying the process of canon-formation itself. In so doing they point the way toward a newly conceived canon defined by unexpected lines of influence that range across periods, geographic boundaries, generic divisions, and genders.
The Ongoing Exploration of Women and Performance in Early Modern England: Evidences, Issues, and Questions
Authors: Stokes James
Published: March 2015

Although on-going archival research continues to produce considerable evidence of performance by women in England during the Early Modern period, the perception persists that women’s performance was marginal to the culture and to the canon. This essay presents new primary source material, and offers an expanded definition of what is meant by “performance record.” The growing number of records to emerge clearly shows that performance by women was central within pre-Reformation English culture, but that the reformist effort to criminalize much of English culture (notably its performative and ceremonial features) also rendered women’s performance nearly invisible in England from the late reign of Elizabeth I through the Interregnum. The records show both a judicial effort to demonize women’s performance while theatricalizing punishment of women, on the one hand, and the rise of a cultural resistance which brought critiques of these injustices into the dramatic canon, on the other. This article argues that the near disappearance of women from public perfomance in pre-civil war England is an ideologically-constructed anomaly that needs to be addressed as part of a major re-evaluation in our understanding of the history of women and performance in Early Modern England.
Nationalisms inclusive and exclusive: A comparison of the Indian Congress Movement and the African National Congress of South Africa
Authors: Freund Bill
Published: March 2015

In this paper, the historical trajectories of the ANC and the Congress Party in India are compared, examining both successes and limitations. The crucial tasks in both cases have involved 1) addressing the poverty and poor living conditions of the majority, in part through economic policies related to industrialisation; 2) establishing effective links between well-honed bureaucratic structures and rising popular democracy; and 3) constructing a nation with which the whole population can identify. The paper assesses both situations critically towards this end.
Neville Alexander: Towards overcoming the legacy of racial capitalism in post-apartheid South Africa
Authors: Cloete Michael
Published: March 2015

The problem of economic domination and exploitation has been a central focus of Neville Alexander’s critique of colonial-apartheid South Africa. The refusal to entertain the idea of ‘race’ in abstraction from the more fundamental historical consideration of capitalism – as the systematic foundation of white wealth and privilege – has resulted over the years in his progressive isolation (as an academic and political activist) from the mainstream of liberation politics. For Alexander, the privileging of ‘race’ has created an illusion of freedom insofar as the ‘new’ South Africa has failed to provide a normative foundation for addressing the possibility of social cohesion and national unity from the perspective of historical justice. In this article, I seek to demonstrate that Alexander’s critique of racial capitalism is still of significance and relevance today for those seeking to overcome ‘the legacy of apartheid’.
Tokenism in South African social policy
Authors: Bond Patrick
Published: March 2015

South Africa’s welfare state expansion is said to be one of the leading ‘social democratic’ achievements of the post-apartheid era. However, overwhelmingly tokenistic features – including a neoliberal (fiscally-austere) context, the extension (not transformation) of apartheid’s inheritance, and commercialisation of state services – mean the deeper crises of society and economy are not being addressed effectively by the state. This is evident in the foundational approach to social policy, and in the funding associated with the Child Support Grant, the Older Person’s Grant and various other specific programmes. In contrast, alternative strategies of decommodification are being pursued by civil society activists, although transformative macro-economic policy and a new political coalition – perhaps the ‘United Front’ called by the metalworkers union – are prerequisites for the ‘nonreformist reforms’ needed.
Reporting from the past: Why good journalism trumps good deeds
Authors: Simons Paula
Published: March 2015

Although Canada sees itself as a multicultural nation, its mainstream news organizations have historically failed to recruit and retain the sort of staff who mirror the country’s authentic demographic diversity. At a time when legacy media are in economic crisis, this article argues that newsrooms must become more diverse, not to conform with moral suasion or international treaty, but out of enlightened self-interest, as a matter of survival.
A political economy of African language press: Towards a management typology
Authors: Salawu Abiodun
Published: March 2015

This article proposes a typology of the models of managing local language press in Africa. Two models are identified: the mainstream and the subsidiary. In the mainstream model are local language newspapers that exist as the sole or main products of a media organization. The subsidiary model consists of local language newspapers that exist as subsidiary products of a foreign (but dominant) language media organization. The two models are differentiated by two major factors: Focus/Attention/Priority and Resources (Sharing) and Men, Materials, Machine and Marketing. Using critical political economy as a theoretical framework, the article draws examples from local language press establishments in Africa to discuss these models. Irrespective of the model of management adopted, the survival of local language newspapers in Africa remains precarious. The survival or otherwise of local language newspapers in Africa is better understood through the prism of critical political economy, a branch of political economy that appreciates the interrelationships between the distribution of material and symbolic resources. The two models of management are affected by political economy, either at the macro or micro level. The power relations among the contesting languages in a society determine to a great extent the economic well-being of any newspaper. The literature on critical political economy addresses the close relationship between those who wield political (and economic) power. This, more than any specific management model, determines the success of any local language newspaper. Even though the general situation with local language press in Africa is not impressive, there are some success stories that can be situated within either of the two management models.
Navigating NDN youth networks: Media interventions among Aboriginal youth in Winnipeg
Authors: Buddle Kathleen
Published: March 2015

Aboriginal media offers a viable alternative to Aboriginal gang life largely because Native media employs the same principles for communication that inform Aboriginal gang practice. Rather than individual advancement, both aspire to bring people together in physical space. The history of constraints placed on Aboriginal peoples’ capacities to assemble in public is part of what informs the collectivizing goals of Aboriginal gangs and of Aboriginal communications agencies more generally. Both provide critically important contact zones, where diverse interest groups gather to negotiate, to perform and to exchange ideas about contemporary Aboriginality and Aboriginal youth experience. Media spaces, however, unlike gang turf, create pro-social discursive space for the discussion and contemplation of Aboriginal ways of engaging in the world. The Aboriginal films that circulate through the film festival circuit, for example, address themes that are sometimes difficult to discuss, such as bullying, solvent abuse and suicide.
Analyzing and evaluation of effective parameters on sound transmission loss of the triple-layered acoustic panels with sound-absorbing middle layer
Authors: Mohammadi Nader
Published: March 2015

In this research, a triple-layered acoustic panel with sound-absorbing intermediate layer materials is modeled analytically in order to calculate the sound transmission loss in the normal incidence field. This information provides an appropriate platform for optimum noise control. In this paper, porous material is used as an absorbent layer between two elastic panels. In modeling these triple-layered panels, theory of wave propagation in porous materials is used and bounded boundary condition of the first elastic layer and unbounded boundary condition of the second elastic layer is applied. To validate the model, the results of this model are compared with the results of the Bolton. Comparison of results revealed very good compatibility. Here, the effect of the length of the air gap between the elastic layers, density and the material of the elastic plate, the thickness and vibro-acoustic properties of the intermediate porous material on the values of transmission loss is investigated.In a wide range of frequencies, increasing air gap, density of elastic panels and porous layer thickness, increase the transmission loss up to 10 dB. At frequencies above 10 kHz, a reduction in porosity, static Young's modulus, the loss coefficient, increasing bulk density of the solid phase, the factor of geometrical structure and viscosity of porous material, increase the sound transmission loss up to 15 dB.
Low‐dose TNF augments fracture healing in normal and osteoporotic bone by up‐regulating the innate immune response
Authors: Chan James K , Glass Graeme E , Ersek Adel , Freidin Andrew , Williams Garry A , Gowers Kate , Espirito Santo Ana I , Jeffery Rosemary , Otto William R , Poulsom Richard , Feldmann Marc , Rankin Sara M , Horwood Nicole J , Nanchahal Jagdeep
Published: March 2015

The mechanism by which trauma initiates healing remains unclear. Precise understanding of these events may define interventions for accelerating healing that could be translated to the clinical arena. We previously reported that addition of low‐dose recombinant human TNF (rhTNF) at the fracture site augmented fracture repair in a murine tibial fracture model. Here, we show that local rhTNF treatment is only effective when administered within 24 h of injury, when neutrophils are the major inflammatory cell infiltrate. Systemic administration of anti‐TNF impaired fracture healing. Addition of rhTNF enhanced neutrophil recruitment and promoted recruitment of monocytes through CCL2 production. Conversely, depletion of neutrophils or inhibition of the chemokine receptor CCR2 resulted in significantly impaired fracture healing. Fragility, or osteoporotic, fractures represent a major medical problem as they are associated with permanent disability and premature death. Using a murine model of fragility fractures, we found that local rhTNF treatment improved fracture healing during the early phase of repair. If translated clinically, this promotion of fracture healing would reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with delayed patient mobilization.
Phospholipid oxidation generates potent anti‐inflammatory lipid mediators that mimic structurally related pro‐resolving eicosanoids by activating Nrf2
Authors: Bretscher Peter , Egger Julian , Shamshiev Abdijapar , Trötzmüller Martin , Köfeler Harald , Carreira Erick M , Kopf Manfred , Freigang Stefan
Published: March 2015

Exposure of biological membranes to reactive oxygen species creates a complex mixture of distinct oxidized phospholipid (OxPL) species, which contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders. While the ability of OxPL to modulate biological processes is increasingly recognized, the nature of the biologically active OxPL species and the molecular mechanisms underlying their signaling remain largely unknown. We have employed a combination of mass spectrometry, synthetic chemistry, and immunobiology approaches to characterize the OxPL generated from the abundant phospholipid 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐arachidonoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (PAPC) and investigated their bioactivities and signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. Our study defines epoxycyclopentenones as potent anti‐inflammatory lipid mediators that mimic the signaling of endogenous, pro‐resolving prostanoids by activating the transcription factor nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2). Using a library of OxPL variants, we identified a synthetic OxPL derivative, which alleviated endotoxin‐induced lung injury and inhibited development of pro‐inflammatory T helper (Th) 1 cells. These findings provide a molecular basis for the negative regulation of inflammation by lipid peroxidation products and propose a novel class of highly bioactive compounds for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
T160‐phosphorylated CDK2 defines threshold for HGF‐dependent proliferation in primary hepatocytes
Authors: Mueller Stephanie , Huard Jérémy , Waldow Katharina , Huang Xiaoyun , D'Alessandro Lorenza A , Bohl Sebastian , Börner Kathleen , Grimm Dirk , Klamt Steffen , Klingmüller Ursula , Schilling Marcel
Published: March 2015

Liver regeneration is a tightly controlled process mainly achieved by proliferation of usually quiescent hepatocytes. The specific molecular mechanisms ensuring cell division only in response to proliferative signals such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are not fully understood. Here, we combined quantitative time‐resolved analysis of primary mouse hepatocyte proliferation at the single cell and at the population level with mathematical modeling. We showed that numerous G1/S transition components are activated upon hepatocyte isolation whereas DNA replication only occurs upon additional HGF stimulation. In response to HGF, Cyclin:CDK complex formation was increased, p21 rather than p27 was regulated, and Rb expression was enhanced. Quantification of protein levels at the restriction point showed an excess of CDK2 over CDK4 and limiting amounts of the transcription factor E2F‐1. Analysis with our mathematical model revealed that T160 phosphorylation of CDK2 correlated best with growth factor‐dependent proliferation, which we validated experimentally on both the population and the single cell level. In conclusion, we identified CDK2 phosphorylation as a gate‐keeping mechanism to maintain hepatocyte quiescence in the absence of HGF.
Post-first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy for grade 3 neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Hadoux J , Malka D , Planchard D , Scoazec J Y , Caramella C , Guigay J , Boige V , Leboulleux S , Burtin P , Berdelou A , Loriot Y , Duvillard P , Chougnet C N , Déandréis D , Schlumberger M , Borget I , Ducreux M , Baudin E
Published: March 2015

There is no standard for second-line chemotherapy in poorly differentiated grade 3 neuroendocrine carcinoma (G3-NEC) patients. We analyzed the antitumor efficacy of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy in this population. A single-center retrospective analysis of consecutive G3-NEC patients treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy after failure of a cisplatinum-based regimen between December 2003 and June 2012 was performed. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety were assessed according to RECIST 1.1 and NCI.CTC v4 criteria. Twenty consecutive patients were included (seven males and 13 females; median age 55; range 23–87 years) with a performance status of 0–1 in 75% of them. Primary location was gastroenteropancreatic in 12, thoracic in four, other in two, and unknown in two patients. There were 12 (65%) large-cell and 7 (30%) small-cell G3-NEC tumors, and 1 (5%) unknown. All patients had distant metastases. Twelve (60%) patients received FOLFOX as second-line treatment and 8 (40%) as third-line treatment or later and the median number of administered cycles was 6 (range 3–14). The median follow-up was 19 months. Median PFS was 4.5 months. Among the 17 evaluable patients, five partial responses (29%), six stable diseases (35%), and six progressive diseases (35%) were observed. Median OS was 9.9 months. Main Grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia (35%), thrombopenia (20%), nausea/vomiting (10%), anemia (10%), and elevated liver transaminases (10%). Our results indicate that the FOLFOX regimen could be considered as a second-line option in poorly differentiated G3-NEC patients after cisplatinum-based first-line treatment but warrant further confirmation in future larger prospective studies.
Testosterone replacement attenuates mitochondrial damage in a rat model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Fengyue , Yang Jing , Sun Junfeng , Dong Yanli , Zhao Hong , Shi Hui , Fu Lu
Published: March 2015

Testosterone can affect cardiovascular disease, but its effects on mitochondrial dynamics in the post-infarct myocardium remain unclear. To observe the effects of testosterone replacement, a rat model of castration-myocardial infarction (MI) was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery 2 weeks after castration with or without testosterone treatment. Expression of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence 14 days after MI. Cardiac function, myocardial inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial microstructure, and ATP levels were also assessed. Compared with MI rats, castrated rats showed aggravated mitochondrial and myocardial insults, including mitochondrial swelling and disordered arrangement; loss of cristae, reduced mitochondrial length; decreased ATP levels; cardiomyocyte apoptosis; and impaired cardiac function. Results of western blotting analyses indicated that castration downregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1A) and mitofusin 2, but upregulated dynamin-related protein 1. The results were also supported by results obtained using immunofluorescence. However, these detrimental effects were reversed by testosterone supplementation, which also elevated the upstream AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation of PGC1A. Thus, testosterone can protect mitochondria in the post-infarct myocardium, partly via the AMPK–PGC1A pathway, thereby decreasing mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The effects of testosterone were confirmed by the results of ELISA analyses.
Examining Phylogenetic Relationships Among Gibbon Genera Using Whole Genome Sequence Data Using an Approximate Bayesian Computation Approach
Authors: Veeramah Krishna R , Woerner August E , Johnstone Laurel , Gut Ivo , Gut Marta , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Carbone Lucia , Wall Jeff D , Hammer Michael F
Published: March 2015

Gibbons are believed to have diverged from the larger great apes ∼16.8 MYA and today reside in the rainforests of Southeast Asia. Based on their diploid chromosome number, the family Hylobatidae is divided into four genera, Nomascus, Symphalangus, Hoolock, and Hylobates. Genetic studies attempting to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among gibbons using karyotypes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the Y chromosome, and short autosomal sequences have been inconclusive . To examine the relationships among gibbon genera in more depth, we performed second-generation whole genome sequencing (WGS) to a mean of ∼15× coverage in two individuals from each genus. We developed a coalescent-based approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) method incorporating a model of sequencing error generated by high coverage exome validation to infer the branching order, divergence times, and effective population sizes of gibbon taxa. Although Hoolock and Symphalangus are likely sister taxa, we could not confidently resolve a single bifurcating tree despite the large amount of data analyzed. Instead, our results support the hypothesis that all four gibbon genera diverged at approximately the same time. Assuming an autosomal mutation rate of 1 × 10−9/site/year this speciation process occurred ∼5 MYA during a period in the Early Pliocene characterized by climatic shifts and fragmentation of the Sunda shelf forests. Whole genome sequencing of additional individuals will be vital for inferring the extent of gene flow among species after the separation of the gibbon genera.
Major constraints and trends for common bean production and commercialization; establishing priorities for future research
Authors: Rodríguez De Luque Jesús José , Creamer Bernardo
Published: March 2015

In order to identify the principal constraints and trends for common bean production and commercialization and the priorities for future common bean research in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), a priority setting process was developed at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). The results suggested that the principal research included breeding and selecting for several traits, such as drought tolerance and water use efficiency, improved yields, and consumer acceptance (improved cooking time and desired texture after cooking). Additionally, the results of the priority setting process suggested that institutional measures are needed, such as improving formal seed production and distribution channels and the development of national and regional seed policies. On the other hand, the identified principal constraints included diseases, pests, and market constraints. Finally, the identified principal trends were: increase in demand and production, and development of high-yield varieties and improvement in nutritional quality.
Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: range extension and filling gaps in Central African Republic
Authors: Azevedo Celso O. , Garcia Rayani , Gobbi Fernanda T. , Van Noort Simon
Published: March 2015

Bethylidae are cosmopolitan wasps, with about 100 valid genera and about 2,600 valid species around the world. This study aimed to determine the genera of Bethylidae occurring in Central African Republic. The specimens were collected at three sites using three collecting methods. A total of 1,924 specimens were obtained and 18 genera recorded: Apenesia, Cephalonomia, Dissomphalus, Epyris, Goniozus, Holepyris, Laelius, Pararhabdepyris, Parascleroderma, Plastanoxus, Pristocera, Protisobrachium, Pseudisobrachium, Sulcomesitius, Trachepyris, Trichiscus, Tuberepyris and Zimankos. All of these genera are recorded for the first time from this country.
First report of Nematomystes scapteromi (Ganzorig, Oku, Okamoto, Malgor & Kamiya, 1999) Jiménez-Ruiz & Gardner, 2003 (Nematoda, Aspidoderidae) in Scapteromys tumidus Waterhouse, 1837 (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) from southern Brazil
Authors: Duarte Leandro Ramos , Gallas Moisés , Silveira Eliane Fraga da , Périco Eduardo
Published: March 2015

Prior to the present study, Nematomystes scapteromi (Ganzorig, Oku, Okamoto, Malgor & Kamiya, 1999) Jiménez-Ruiz & Gardner, 2003 had been reported in Scapteromys tumidus Waterhouse, 1837 from Uruguay. Here, eight specimens of S. tumidus were collected in southern Brazil and necropsied. The nematodes encountered were determined as N. scapteromi through their morphometric traits. Prevalence was 87.5% and the mean intensity of infection of 18.3 helminths/host. This is the first report of N. scapteromi parasitizing S. tumidus in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Fatores críticos no comportamento do gestor público responsável por compras sustentáveis: diferenças entre consumo individual e organizacional
Authors: Couto Hugo Leonnardo Gomides do , Coelho Cristiano
Published: March 2015

O presente artigo investiga o comportamento de gestores públicos, identificando os fatores críticos que determinam o processo decisório de compra sustentável, seja no contexto de compras individuais (ou domésticas) ou no contexto de compras organizacionais (nesse caso, refere-se às compras públicas sustentáveis, conceito recentemente inserido na legislação brasileira). Em seguida à aplicação de questionários a um grupo de gestores públicos encarregados da elaboração de editais e condução de certames licitatórios, foram realizadas inferências estatísticas que determinaram as similitudes entre os dois contextos. A partir dos resultados, observou-se diferenças relacionadas com o contexto de compra envolvido, em especial naquelas que envolvem preço, determinações da legislação e tempo gasto nas especificações dos produtos a serem adquiridos. Chamam atenção, ademais, o fato de que alguns padrões pró-ambientais se mostram bem estabelecidos, evidenciado o resultado de campanhas desenvolvidas no âmbito da instituição.
Uma avaliação do Índice de Gestão Descentralizada do Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Araújo Fábio Resende de , Araújo Maria Arlete Duarte de , Souza Fabia Jaiany Viana de , Santos Diego Fiel , Santana Murilo Barreto
Published: March 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a relação entre o número de famílias participantes do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) nos municípios do Nordeste e os indicadores de avaliação do PBF - os subcomponentes do Fator de Operação do Índice de Gestão Descentralizada (GD). Utilizou-se o coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson com dados de 1.705 municípios. As correlações com significância estatística foram entre Número de Famílias do PBF e todos os subcomponentes do IGD, entre IGD saúde e os demais subcomponentes do IGD e entre o IGD educação e a Atualização de Cadastro. A conclusão é de que maior número de famílias beneficiárias do PBF leva a um decréscimo dos seus indicadores de monitoramento, o que aponta para as fragilidades de gestão nos municípios e coloca um enorme desafio para a articulação do PBF com outras ações importantes como a saúde e a educação.
Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPPs) no Rio de Janeiro: uma história a partir das percepções e reflexões do gestor responsável por sua implantação
Authors: Moraes Joysi , Mariano Sandra R. H. , Franco Andrea Marinho de Souza
Published: March 2015

Neste artigo narra-se uma das possíveis histórias das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPPs) no Rio de Janeiro. Aqui, são destacadas as percepções e reflexões do gestor responsável por sua implantação, o secretário de Segurança Pública do Rio de Janeiro, José Mariano Beltrame. Por isso mesmo, foi utilizada a história oral, uma metodologia que privilegia a história do tempo presente através da narrativa pessoal dos sujeitos que participaram ou testemunharam o acontecimento em foco. Para apresentação e análise desta história das UPPs foi utilizado o Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES), um instrumento teórico-metodológico constituído de quatro momentos: explicativo, normativo, estratégico e tático-operacional. O PES, como instrumento metodológico, permitiu articular, de forma lógica, as falas do secretário de Segurança, analisando as ações desse gestor público em um contexto e tema específicos, evidenciando o jogo político e social ao longo do processo de construção de uma das principais políticas públicas do Rio de Janeiro, as UPPs. A reconstrução e a análise do momento da implantação dessa política deixam evidentes que a compreensão da dinâmica do jogo social e a vontade pessoal do gestor público são fundamentais para uma ação pública mais efetiva.
Panorama da produção intelectual sobre a medição de desempenho na gestão pública
Authors: Akim Érica Kushihara , Mergulhão Ricardo Coser
Published: March 2015

No contexto das mudanças na administração pública que visam promover a melhoria do desempenho governamental, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama da produção intelectual no campo da medição de desempenho na gestão pública entre 1980 e fevereiro de 2013. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise bibliométrica de citação e cocitação com apoio dos softwares Sitkis, Netdraw e CiteSpace II. As bases de dados utilizadas foram a ISI Web of Science (WoS) - que reflete a pesquisa internacional - e a SciELO - que reflete a pesquisa brasileira. O estudo na WoS identificou os autores, periódicos, pares de documentos e instituições de pesquisas mais importantes. Além disso, o estudo na base da SciELO apontou que a literatura sobre o campo estudado é dispersa. De forma geral, os resultados obtidos revelam que a medição de desempenho na gestão pública é um campo emergente.
Inserindo a judicialização no ciclo de políticas públicas
Authors: Barreiro Guilherme Scodeler de Souza , Furtado Renata Pedretti Morais
Published: March 2015

O presente artigo pretende compreender a relação da judicialização com o modelo processual de política pública, também denominado de ciclo de políticas públicas, por meio de uma aproximação teórica entre esses dois campos de análise. Para isso, o trabalho inicia delimitando as discussões acerca do fenômeno da judicialização, prossegue fixando as bases teóricas acerca das políticas públicas, tomando como referência o modelo processual para, ao final, reformular o referido modelo, inserindo a judicialização no ciclo de políticas públicas. Como conclusão, percebeu-se que o fenômeno da judicialização pode, além de ser aproximado do modelo processual, influenciar o ciclo de políticas públicas, ressignificando o referido modelo, o que permitirá novos estudos dos dois campos de análise a partir do ciclo de políticas públicas judicializado.
Retórica na construção de realidades na segurança pública: abordagens dos sistemas de Minas Gerais e São Paulo
Authors: Fonseca Jeferson A. , Pereira Luciano Z. , Gonçalves Carlos A.
Published: March 2015

A proposta deste artigo é apresentar uma comparação entre duas ações produzidas na gestão pública em segurança: (i) a difusão do modelo da nova gestão pública como substituto "natural" da teoria da burocracia e (ii) a implantação de "novas estratégias e técnicas de gestão" que se deu de modo praticamente concomitante à ação anterior. A demarcação metodológica consistiu em abordagem de natureza qualitativa, com base na pesquisa descritiva, tendo por método o estudo de caso. Os resultados obtidos mostram que, no que tange à possível substituição da teoria da burocracia pelo modelo da nova gestão pública, isso não encontra sustentação na realidade. Também, não se verificam transformações que possam confirmar o esgotamento da teoria da burocracia e o surgimento de uma nova teoria, como preconizam os defensores do modelo da nova gestão pública.
A tomada de contas especial como instrumento de controle e responsabilização
Authors: Quintão Cynthia Magalhães Pinto Godoi , Carneiro Ricardo
Published: March 2015

O dever constitucional de prestar contas é uma das principais obrigações a que está sujeito o agente público e, para sua fiscalização e controle, destaca-se a tomada de contas especial (TCE), com objetivo de resguardar o erário e responsabilizar os agentes malversadores de recursos públicos. Referenciado no conceito de accountability pública, o artigo examina a adoção da TCE aplicada a convênios celebrados pelo Executivo de Minas Gerais com municípios, por meio de levantamento, sistematização e análise de dados de processos distribuídos no Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Minas Gerais (TCEMG), entre 2002 e 2011. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam intempestividade no processamento do instrumento e reduzido alcance das decisões no tocante à responsabilização dos agentes causadores de danos ao erário, indicando que este não tem sido capaz de atender aos propósitos de sua instituição.
Alocação e mitigação dos riscos em parcerias público-privadas no Brasil
Authors: Lima Carlos Marcio Campos , Coelho Antonio Carlos
Published: March 2015

O objetivo da pesquisa foi efetuar levantamento das condições referentes à distribuição de risco nas formalizações das parcerias público-privadas no Brasil, a partir do marco legal que instituiu tal forma de implantação de equipamentos sociais no Brasil. Foram avaliados, por pesquisa documental, como os fatores de riscos estão sendo alocados e distribuídos em 15 contratos celebrados, buscando determinar como são mitigados os riscos inerentes entre os parceiros públicos e privados. Os contratos apresentam definição expressiva dos riscos envolvidos e de sua responsabilidade pelos parceiros. As evidências sinalizaram que os parceiros privados têm absorvido, formalmente, a maioria dos fatores de riscos elencados; contudo, há expressas medidas de mitigação dos riscos atribuídos nos contratos ao parceiro privado, pela intervenção em última instância do ente público envolvido.
A acessibilidade nos sites do Poder Executivo estadual à luz dos direitos fundamentais das pessoas com deficiência
Authors: Silva Rosane Leal da , Rue Letícia Almeida de la
Published: March 2015

Este artigo investiga se a acessibilidade, analisada à luz dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência, é valorizada no desenvolvimento do governo eletrônico e se reflete na estrutura dos portais governamentais, contribuindo para a concretização do direito de participação política deste grupo social. Para tanto, com apoio do método dedutivo e da técnica de observação direta, sistemática e não participante, verificou-se a acessibilidade nos portais do Poder Executivo estadual de oito unidades da federação, contrastando-se a realidade destes sites com as determinações de cartilhas governamentais que preveem padrões mínimos sobre o tema. Concluiu-se que a acessibilidade nos sites pesquisados é mínima, dificultando assim o exercício de uma cidadania mais ativa por parte das pessoas com deficiência, uma vez que o acesso é a primeira condição de possibilidade para a participação.
Um diagnóstico da desigualdade de gênero num município em Portugal: estruturas e representações
Authors: Monteiro Rosa , Agostinho Luísa , Daniel Fernanda
Published: March 2015

O artigo apresenta uma parte dos resultados de um diagnóstico organizacional com perspectiva de gênero, inserido num projeto mais amplo de elaboração de um Plano para a Igualdade numa Câmara Municipal, em Portugal. Abordou a questão da desigualdade de gênero em duas dimensões. A sua presença nas estruturas de efetivos da organização; a forma como os trabalhadores da autarquia representam a (des)igualdade de gênero, expressa nas suas atitudes relativas a papéis de gênero na esfera pública e privada. Foi realizada análise quantitativa, quer de documentos e dados secundários fornecidos pela autarquia, quer de dados primários resultantes da aplicação de um inquérito por questionário. Concluiu-se que se encontram manifestações da desigualdade em fenômenos como os de segregação ocupacional e vertical, e um reduzido (re)conhecimento dos fenômenos de desigualdade e discriminação.
Monitoramento para avaliação do desempenho regulatório do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia
Authors: Silva Danielle Assafin Vieira Souza , Fonseca Marcus Vinícius de Araujo
Published: March 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a sistemática de Monitoramento para Avaliação do Desempenho Regulatório do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (Inmetro), o Madri. Adotando como teoria de sustentação o mapa causa-e-efeito desenvolvido pela Ocde para avaliação do impacto regulatório, a pesquisa estruturou-se nas etapas de conhecimento prévio, coleta e análise das evidências, utilizando as estratégias de pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental, entrevistas e aplicação de questionário. Constituído por perspectivas, condicionantes e parâmetros, o Madri - que pode ser reproduzido, com devidas adequações, a outras realidades regulatórias - tem o potencial, primeiramente, de induzir a gestão orientada por resultados, gerando aperfeiçoamento das regulamentações e fomentando aprendizagem, e, depois, mais amplamente, de reduzir a deficiência em avaliação ex post dos sistemas regulatórios nacionais.
Implicações nutricionais com base em diferentes intensidades de colheita da biomassa de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus globulus
Authors: Viera Márcio , Schumacher Mauro Valdir , Trüby Peter , Araújo Elias Frank
Published: March 2015

A disponibilidade de nutrientes para futuros plantios em um sítio florestal está relacionada principalmente à, intensidade de colheita aplicada. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, avaliar as implicações nutricionais causadas pelas diferentes intensidades de colheita da biomassa de um povoamento de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus globulus com dez anos de idade, em Eldorado do Sul - RS. A avaliação das implicações nutricionais conforme a intensidade de colheita florestal foi analisada levando em consideração: o estoque de nutrientes entre o sistema solo - planta; os efeitos da colheita dos diferentes componentes da biomassa acima do solo na remoção dos nutrientes; o número de rotações e a taxa de remoção de nutrientes conforme o sistema de colheita utilizado e o coeficiente de utilização biológica dos nutrientes. Com a colheita da madeira com casca, todos os nutrientes teriam uma remoção superior a 45% de sua quantidade acumulada na biomassa total acima do solo. Entretanto, removendo apenas a madeira comercial, que apresenta o maior coeficiente de utilização de nutrientes, a porcentagem de remoção para os nutrientes, com exceção do Cu e Zn, seria inferior a 50%, chegando até 10% no caso do Ca, em relação ao total contido na biomassa. O fósforo e o cálcio poderão ser os principais nutrientes a tornarem-se limitantes na produtividade nas próximas rotações, pois as estimativas de rotações potenciais estão próximas a um, quando realizada a colheita da madeira com casca
Reading model to estimate optimum economic intakes of amino acids for poultry
Authors: Silva Edney Pereira da , Sakomura Nilva Kazue , Hauschild Luciano , Gous Robert Mervyn
Published: March 2015

The use of a linear-plateau procedure to describe the response of an individual in the population has theoretical support, since the maximum potential performance of each individual is genetically determined, and any increment in intake of the limiting nutrient above maintenance will result in a linear response in output until this genetic potential, and hence requirement, is reached. However, because of the distribution of body weights and maximum potential outputs in the population, the mean response of the population is curvilinear, which negates the possibility of defining a 'requirement' for the limiting nutrient, and instead leads to the possibility of defining an optimum economic intake of the nutrient.. The Reading model describes the response of a flock to a limiting nutrient by integrating the responses of the individuals making up the population. The response of the population is obtained by inverting a simple factorial model using parameters to describe the mean body weight and maximum output of the flock, their distributions (normal) and covariance. The average response of the population is represented by a linear plateau model with a sigmoidal shape. This model has been widely used to predict the optimum economic intake of amino acids for commercial laying flocks varying in body weight and potential egg output
Relative humidity during cold storage on Postharvest quality of 'Niagara Rosada' table grapes
Authors: Pinto Josuel Alfredo Vilela , Schorr Márcio Renan Weber , Thewes Fabio Rodrigo , Ceconi Deiverson Luiz , Both Vanderlei , Brackmann Auri , Fronza Diniz
Published: March 2015

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of relative humidity (RH) on the maintenance of Postharvest quality of 'Niagara Rosada' table grapes after cold storage at 0.5°C for 21 days. A completely randomized design was used, with five replicates of 18 clusters per treatment. The selected levels of relative humidity were 85, 90, 95 and 100%, obtained by means of electronic humidity controllers. The fruits were evaluated in relation to rot incidence, berry cracking, browning rate, respiratory rate, titratable acidity, soluble solids, resistance to abscission, berry drop and weight loss. The evaluations were assessed at 20 days of storage and after two and four days of shelf-life (20°C; 85% RH). The results showed that as higher as relative humidity, higher is rot incidence and that the variables rachis browning and weight loss were inversely related to relative humidity. Resistance to abscission at the end of storage was higher when humidity ranged between 90 and 95%, but it was not affected after transfer to shelf-life from cold storage. Relative humidity ranging between 90 and 95% offer the best conditions to maintain the Postharvest quality of 'Niagara Rosada' table grapes
Rotação e sucessão de culturas para o manejo do nematoide reniforme em área de produção de soja
Authors: Leandro Hugo Márcio , Asmus Guilherme Lafourcade
Published: March 2015

O nematoide reniforme (Rotylenchulus reniformis) tem se tornado crescente problema fitossanitário da cultura da soja. Considerando a limitada disponibilidade de cultivares de soja que aliem resistência ao nematoide a outras características agronômicas desejáveis, estuda-se a possibilidade de utilização de manejo cultural para seu controle. Este trabalho visou avaliar o efeito da rotação de culturas no verão com milho, Crotalaria ochroleuca ou soja; e o manejo de entressafra, com Brachiaria ruziziensis como espécie de cobertura ou pousio. O experimento foi implantado em solo naturalmente infestado pelo nematoide reniforme (1245 nematoides/200cc de solo) em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x2 (cultivos de verão x manejo de entressafra). Foram avaliadas a densidade populacional do nematoide no solo e sua variação durante as safras e entressafras, bem como a produtividade da soja na safra subsequente à rotação de culturas. Não houve efeito do manejo da entressafra com braquiária sobre o nematoide. A rotação de culturas com milho ou crotalária no verão propiciou redução da densidade populacional do nematoide reniforme em comparação ao monocultivo de soja, com reflexos positivos sobre a produtividade de soja na safra seguinte
Pb and Cd on growth, leaf ultrastructure and essential oil yield mint (Mentha arvensis L.)
Authors: Jezler Caroline Nery , Mangabeira Pedro Antônio Oliveira , Almeida Alex-Alan Furtado de , Jesus Raildo Mota de , Oliveira Rosilene Aparecida de , Silva Delmira da Costa , Costa Larissa Correa do Bomfim
Published: March 2015

Contamination of medicinal plants with heavy metals as Pb and Cd can affect the growth and the essential oil production of the plants and represent a risk to those who consume as medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of absorption and localization of Pb and Cd on growth, ultrastructural aspects of leaves and essential oil yield and composition of Mentha arvensis, applied on the soil with increasing concentrations (8, 16, 32, 64 and 128mg kg-1). There was a differential absorption of Pb and Cd by M. arvensis mainly concentrated in the roots. Pb was found in small amounts in the leaves while Cd largely exceeded the safety limit without symptoms of toxicity. The ultrastructural analysis revealed the metal accumulation on vesicles surrounding the mitochondria and the presence of electron dense deposits surrounding the mitochondria, nucleus and chloroplasts. Little changes caused by Pb and Cd application were not enough to affect the growth and essential oil yield and composition of M. arvensis