bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Sexual Violence in Migrants, Applicants for International Protection and Refugees: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis of the Evidence
Authors: De Schrijver Lotte , Vander Beken Tom , Krahé Barbara , Keygnaert Ines
Published: July 2018

1) Background: Sexual violence (SV) is a major public health issue with negative socio-economic and physical, mental, sexual and reproductive health consequences. Migrants, applicants for international protection and refugees (MAR) are identified as a vulnerable group for SV. Since many European countries have been confronted with high migratory pressure, developing prevention strategies and care paths focusing on those MAR affected by SV is needed. To this end, this study reviews evidence on the prevalence of SV among MAR groups in Belgium. 2) Methods: A critical interpretive synthesis was applied to 25 peer-reviewed articles and 22 grey literature documents based on the socio-ecological model. 3) Results: The evidence shows that prevalence rates of SV are high among MAR in Belgium, but comparable prevalence data are lacking. Several challenges for conducting prevalence studies SV in this population are identified and discussed. 4) Conclusions: Sexual violence in MAR in Europe is probably more frequent than in the general population, however representative studies confirming this hypothesis are lacking. Future research should start with a clear definition of the concerned population and acts of SV to generate comparable data. Participatory qualitative research approaches should be applied to fully grasp the complexity of interplaying determinants of SV in MAR.
Magnetocaloric Effect in Non-Interactive Electrons Systems: ``The Landau Problem'' and Its Extension to Quantum Dot
Authors: Negrete Oscar A. , Peña Francisco J. , Florez Juan M. , Vargas Patricio
Published: July 2018

In this work, we report the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in two systems of non-interactive particles, the first corresponds to the Landau problem case and the second, the case of an electron in a quantum dot subjected to a parabolic confinement potential. In the first scenario, we realize that the effect is totally different from what happens when the degeneration of a single electron confined in a magnetic field is not taken into account. In particular, when the degeneracy of the system is negligible, the magnetocaloric effect cools the system, while in the other case, when the degeneracy is strong, the system heats up. For the second case, we study the competition between the characteristic frequency of the potential trap and the cyclotron frequency to find the optimal region that maximizes the ΔT of the magnetocaloric effect, and due to the strong degeneration of this problem, the results are in coherence with those obtained for the Landau problem. Finally, we consider the case of a transition from a normal MCE to an inverse one and back to normal as a function of temperature. This is due to the competition between the diamagnetic and paramagnetic response when the electron spin in the formulation is included.
A New Simplified DSM-to-DTM Algorithm – dsm-to-dtm-step
Authors: Krauß Thomas
Published: July 2018

In this paper we will present a simplified approach for extracting the ground level – a digital terrain model (DTM) – from the surface provided in a digital surface model (DSM). Most existing algorithms try to find the ground values in a digital surface model. Our approach works the opposite direction by detecting probable above ground areas. The main advantage of our approach is the possibility to use it with incomplete DSMs containing much no data values which can be e.g. occlusions in the calculated DSM. A smoothing or filling of such original derived DSMs will destroy much information which is very useful for deriving a ground surface from the DSM. Since the presented approach needs steep edges to detect potential high objects it will fail on smoothed and filled DSMs. After presenting the algorithm it will be applied to a test area in Salzburg and compared to a terrain model freely available from the Austrian government.
The Magnetic Phase Transition and Universality Class of h-(Y0.98 Eu0.02)MnO3 and h-YMnO3 in Zero and Applied Pressure
Authors: Holm-Dahlin Sonja , Janas Sofie , Kreisel Andreas , Pomjakushina Ekaterina , White Jonathan S. , Fennell Amy , Lefmann Kim
Published: July 2018

We have investigated the antiferromagnetic phase transition in the frustrated and multiferroic hexagonal manganites $h$-(Y$_{0.98}$ Eu$_{0.02}$)MnO$_3$ (YEMO) and $h$-YMnO$_3$ (YMO). Elastic neutron scattering has been used to study in detail the phase transition in YMO and YEMO in zero pressure and in YMO at a hydrostatic pressure of 1.5~GPa. In zero pressure, we find the critical temperature $T_{\rm N} = 72.11(5)$~K and 71.3(1)~K and the critical exponent $\beta = 0.206(3)$ and 0.22(2), for YEMO and YMO, respectively. This is in agreement with earlier work by Roessli {\em et al.}. In applied hydrostatic pressure of 1.5~GPa, the ordering temperature increases to $T_{\rm N} = 75.2(5)$~K, in agreement with earlier reports, while $\beta$ is unchanged. Inelastic neutron scattering was used to determine the anisotropy spin wave gap at the phase transition, expected from spin wave theory to close with a critical exponent $\beta'$ identical to the one of the order parameter, $\beta' = \beta$. Our results indicate that the gap in YEMO indeed closes at $T_{\rm N}=72.4(3)$~K with $\beta' = 0.24(2)$, while the in-pressure gap in YMO closes at 75.2(5)~K with an exponent of $\beta' =0.19(3)$. In addition, the low-temperature anisotropy gap was found to have a slightly higher absolute value under pressure. The consistent values obtained for $\beta$ in the two systems support the likelihood of a new universality class for triangular, frustrated antiferromagnets.
A Methodologic Approach for the Selection of Bio-Resorbable Polymers in the Development of Medical Devices: The Case of Poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone)
Authors: Cingolani Alberto , Casalini Tommaso , Caimi Stefano , Klaue Antoine , Sponchioni Mattia , Rossi Filippo , Perale Giuseppe
Published: July 2018

In the last decades bioresorbable and biodegradable polymers have gained a very good reputation both in research and in industry thanks to their unique characteristics. They are, indeed, able to ensure high performances and biocompatibility, at the same time avoiding post-healing surgical interventions for devices removal. In the medical device industrial use of such biopolymers, it is widely known that product formulation and manufacturing need to follow specific procedures in order to ensure both proper mechanical properties and desired degradation profile. Moreover, also the sterilization method is crucial and its impact on physical properties is generally underestimated. In this work we focused our attention on the effect of different terminal sterilization methods on two commercially available poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) with equivalent chemical composition (70% PLA and 30% PCL) and relatively similar initial molecular weight, but different chains arrangement and crystallinity. Results obtained show that crystallinity plays a key role, helping in preserving the narrow distribution of chains and, as a consequence, defined physical properties. These statements can be used as guidelines for a better choice of the most adequate biodegradable polymers in the production of resorbable medical devices.
The Special Type Fractals Introductory Classification
Authors: Voevudko Anatoly E.
Published: July 2018

For the particular selected type of fractals, i.e., the Kronecker product based fractals, the introductory common classification is proposed. It essentially relies on the size and content of the initial fractal matrix. In turn, it gives one of the possible explanation of the phenomenal ability to produce a few of the most popular fractals using many different algorithms, languages and tools. Also, it paves the way to discover on the regular basis thousands of the new fractals, and this gives researchers a wider range of fractal models to choose from.
Dynamic DNA Origami Devices
Authors: Ijäs Heini , Nummelin Sami , Shen Boxuan , Kostiainen Mauri A. , Linko Veikko
Published: July 2018

Structural DNA nanotechnology provides an excellent foundation for diverse nanoscale shapes that can be used in various bioapplications and materials research. From all existing DNA assembly techniques, DNA origami has proven to be the most robust one for creating custom nanoshapes. Since its invention in 2006, building from the bottom up using DNA has drastically advanced, and therefore, more and more complex DNA-based systems have become accessible. So far, vast majority of the demonstrated DNA origami frameworks are static by nature, but interestingly, there also exist dynamic DNA origami devices that are increasingly coming into view. In this review, we discuss DNA origami nanostructures that perform controlled translational or rotational movement triggered by predefined DNA strands, various molecular interactions and/or other external stimuli such as light, pH, temperature and electromagnetic fields. The rapid evolution of such dynamic DNA origami tools will undoubtedly have a significant impact on molecular scale precision measurements, targeted drug delivery and diagnostics, but they can also play a role in development of optical/plasmonic sensors, nanophotonic devices and nanorobotics for numerous different tasks.
Choice Poetics by Example
Authors: Mawhorter Peter , Zegura Carmen , Gray Alex , Jhala Arnav , Mateas Michael , Wardrip-Fruin Noah
Published: July 2018

Choice poetics is a formalist framework that seeks to capture the impacts choices have on player experiences within narrative games. Developed in part to support algorithmic generation of narrative choices, the theory includes a detailed analytical framework for understanding the impressions choice structures make by analyzing the relationships between options, outcomes, and player goals. The theory also emphasizes the need to account for players’ various modes of engagement, which vary both during play and between players. In this work, we illustrate the non-computational application of choice poetics to the analysis of three different choices, in order to further develop the theory and make it more accessible to others. We focus first on analyzing so-called false choices in the game “Mass Effect”, and show how they actually provide meaningfully different outcomes for players who are utilizing certain modes of engagement. Second, we use choice poetics to examine the central repeated choice in “Undertale”, and show how it can be used to contrast two different player types that will approach a choice differently. Finally, we give an example of fine-grained analysis using a choice from the game “Papers Please”, which breaks down options and their outcomes to illustrate how the choice pushes players towards complicity via the introduction of uncertainty. Through all of these examples, we hope to show the usefulness of choice poetics as a framework for understanding narrative choices, and to demonstrate concretely how one could productively apply it to choices ‘in the wild’.
Soil and Water Conservation in Rainfed Vineyards with Different Plant Covers: Common Sainfoin and Spontaneous Vegetation under Different Physiographic Conditions
Authors: Ben-Salem Nahed , Álvarez Sara , López-Vicente Manuel
Published: July 2018

Soil erosion seriously affects vineyards. In this study, the influence of two plant covers on soil moisture and the effect of different physiographic conditions on runoff and sediment yields were evaluated in a rainfed vineyard formed by four fields (NE Spain) during 15 months. One field had spontaneous vegetation as plant cover and three fields had a cover crop of common sainfoin. The vineyards’ rows were dry and stable, whereas the inter-row areas were wet although very variable, and the corridors were wet and very stable. Soil moisture in the inter-row areas with Common sainfoin was much higher than in the rows (62% - 70%) whereas this difference was lower with spontaneous vegetation (40%). Two runoff and sediment traps (STs) were installed in two ephemeral gullies, and 26 time-integrated surveys (TIS) done. The mean and maximum runoff yields were 9.8 and 30.7 l TIS–1 in ST2 and 13.5 and 30.2 l TIS–1 in ST3. The mean turbidity was 333 and 19 g l–1, and the maximum sediment yields were 41,260 and 2,778 g TIS–1 in ST2 and ST3. Changes in the canopy covers (grapevines and plant covers) and rainfall parameters explained the runoff and sediment dynamics.
Overview of Slovenian Legal Regulation for Possible Transformation of Public Institutions into Commercial Companies
Authors: TIČAR Dr.Sc. Bojan
Published: July 2018

In the present article, the author defines and analyses the legal framework of the transformation of public institutions into commercial companies with an emphasis on the procedures for transforming public institutions into limited liability companies (ltd.). The author first presents the Slovenian legal framework and the new legislation on public-private partnerships (PPP), which was adopted last year. In the second part of the article, the author analyses the new rules, which primarily refer to public companies. These rules apply, mutatis mutandis, to public institutions. The procedures for transforming public institutions into limited liability companies are particularly demanding, as not only the transitional provisions of public-private-partnership legislation regarding public companies apply mutatis mutandis, but also the procedures for the corporate transformation of public limited companies into limited liability companies. The author concludes the article with some open issues regarding such procedures in the Slovenian legal system and the consequences of such transformations for the founders and employees of such transformed public institutions.
Critical Analysis of Sociology and Social Research Studies in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Mulalic Dr. Muhidin
Published: July 2018

Although sociology is a modern discipline, sociologists in Bosnia and Herzegovina must consider distant past and present to tackle the questions of identity, nationality, ethnicity, language and religion. Sociological prominence had gained its focus in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina because of conflict resolution, peace building and overall social transformations and emerging challenges and issues. Such transformation of post-war Bosnian society coupled with a socio-political and economic crisis had opened the door for sociological and anthropological studies and research. Post-war society that eventually aims at a just peace, as Bosnia and Herzegovina where genocide had taken place, cannot without addressing sociological dimensions of war, justice, law and morality. Sociology as a discipline, within the institutional context, has also undergone significant changes and transformations. Using a survey approach, this paper aims to analyze why sociology is significant discipline in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Indeed, it is significant to analyze sociological and institutional transformations and their influence on the creation of new social models related to identity, nationality, religion, language, ethnicity, conflict resolution, war and justice.
Termination of the teaching of the Continuous Cursive Handwriting in Schools
Authors: Taneri Dr. Sc. Pervin Oya , Akduman Nalan
Published: July 2018

Handwriting is a skill that is a requirement for all individuals, however, there is a deep and decisive debate about whether or not the cursive handwriting is necessary in this era of technological innovations. While the necessity of compulsory cursive handwriting education is generally addressed by educators and politicians, there is no consensus on it, and the opinions of the people with interest or concern in education (e.g. teachers, students and parents) are not so often asked. For this reason, the aim of this study is to reveal the views of teachers, students and parents on the cursive handwriting education. 57 classroom teachers, 230 primary school fourth grade students and 14 parents participated in the study from four public primary schools in Ankara. Data were collected using ‘Personal Information Form’, ‘Cursive Handwriting Education Attitude Scale’, ‘Parent Questionnaire’ and ‘Student Questionnaire’. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques and qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. According to the findings of the study, teachers and parents are not satisfied with the use of cursive handwriting. While teachers indicated that they would prefer print letters instruction if they had given a chance to choose.  Parents affirmed that they could not give support to their children during their writing education. On the other hand, most of the students stated that they had difficulty in reading even their own handwritings, although most of them declared that they like to write with the cursive handwriting.
POLYMIXIN IN ONCOLOGY CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Dmitrieva N. V. , Petukhova I. N. , Grigorievskaya Z. V. , Bagirova N. S. , Тereshchenko I. V. , Grigorievsky E. D.
Published: July 2018

The purpose of the study was to present data on polymixin-based antibiotics with activity against infections caused by multidrug- resistant Gram-negative bacteria, such as Acinetobacter baumannii,  Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Material and methods. The review includes data from clinical as well as in vitro studies for the period 1998–2017. The search for  relevant sources was carried out in the Medline, Cochrane Library, Elibrary and other databases.

Results. The analysis of the data showed the presence of synergism and additive activity of polymyxin in combination with  carbapenems, rifampicin and azithromycin. However, experimental  data showed no direct positive correlation between combination of  polymyxim and azithromycin/ rifampicin. In clinical studies, in  hospital-acquired pneumonia, including ventilator-associated  pneumonia, the clinical response rate of polymyxin B combined with  other antibiotics ranged from 38 % to 88 %. High nephro-and  neurotoxicity of polymyxin observed in previous studies can be  explained by a lack of understanding of its toxicodynamics or the use of an incorrect dose.

Conclusion. Polymyxin B in combination with other antibiotics is a promising treatment against infectious complications caused by multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Yield and Accumulation Trend of Biomass and L‐DOPA in Different Parts of Eight Faba Bean Cultivars
Authors: Etemadi F. , Hashemi M. , Autio Wesley R. , Mangan Francis X. , Zandvakili OmidReza
Published: July 2018

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a rich source of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl‐L‐alanine (L‐DOPA) and thus can be used as an alternative to synthetic compounds for curing Parkinson's disease. Accumulation of biomass and L‐DOPA in different organs of eight cultivars of faba bean was investigated in a field‐grown study in 2015 and 2016 at the Research and Education Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Plants were harvested at five stages of growth and partitioned into various organs including roots, leaves, stems, pod walls, and fresh seeds. ‘Aquadulce’ and ‘Delle Cascine’ outyielded other cultivars in both years. Averaged over 2 yr, Aquadulce and Delle Cascine produced 16,152 and 16,270 kg fresh pods ha−1. Thus, the highest L‐DOPA seed yield was obtained from these two cultivars. Accumulation of L‐DOPA during faba bean growing period exhibited a quadratic trend and reached its peak values at 65 to 75 d after transplanting, whereas accumulation of dry matter exhibited a linear trend. The results revealed that distribution of dry matter among various organs of faba bean was significantly different among the cultivars. The L‐DOPA yield (concentration × dry matter) varied dramatically among the cultivars where Aquadulce and ‘Sweet Lorane’ yielded 55.2 and 6.4 kg L‐DOPA ha−1, respectively. The superiority of Aquadulce in regard to the L‐DOPA yield was primarily due to its photosynthesis capacity, which produced 6871 kg dry matter ha−1, rather than its L‐DOPA concentration. We concluded that if the goal of producing faba bean is dual purpose, the leaves can be used as the richest L‐DOPA organ, whereas the green pods can be harvested as a cash crop.
KAZAKİSTAN EKONOMİSİNDE PETROLÜN ROLÜ
Authors: ÖLMEZOĞULLARI Nalan , ALDİBEKOVA Gulnaz
Published: July 2018

Kazakistan’ın petrol sanayii, ülkenin ekonomik
güvenliğinin ve bağımsızlığının ana unsurlarından biridir. Sovyet Sosyalist
Cumhuriyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasından sonra, Kazakistan’ın pazar ekonomisine
geçiş sürecinde petrol endüstrisi ülkenin ekonomik gelişiminde öncelikli yer
almıştır. Kazakistan’ın enerji sektörü, bağımsızlıktan sonra geniş çaplı
dönüşümler yaşamış ve piyasanın serbestleşmesi ve endüstrinin düzenlenmesi ile
önemli ölçüde geliştirilmiştir. Kazakistan’ın büyük petrol rezervlerine sahip
olması ve dünya petrol piyasalarındaki olumlu gelişmeler, aynı zamanda ülkenin
ekonomik ve endüstriyel gelişimi açısından petrol piyasasını en umut verici
sektör haline getirmiştir. Dolaysıyla,
petrol piyasasındaki değişimler, özellikle petrol fiyatlarındaki dalgalanmalar,
ülkenin ekonomik gelişimini büyük ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu makalede, 1991-2016
dönemi petrol fiyatındaki değişikliklerin önemli makroekonomik göstergeler üzerindeki
etkilerini analiz ederek, Kazakistan ekonomisinde petrolün rolünü
değerlendirmeye çalışacağız. Bunun yanı sıra dünya petrol fiyatlarındaki dalgalanmaların Kazakistan
ekonomisi üzerindeki olumsuz sonuçlarını azaltmak için bazı önerilerde
bulunacağız.
Assessing runoff sensitivities to precipitation and temperature changes under global climate-change scenarios
Authors: Chen Lei , Chang Jianxia , Wang Yimin , Zhu Yuelu
Published: July 2018

An accurate grasp of the influence of precipitation and temperature changes on the variation in both the magnitude and temporal patterns of runoff is crucial to the prevention of floods and droughts. However, there is a general lack of understanding of the ways in which runoff sensitivities to precipitation and temperature changes are associated with the CMIP5 scenarios. This paper investigates the hydrological response to future climate change under CMIP5 RCP scenarios by using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model and then quantitatively assesses runoff sensitivities to precipitation and temperature changes under different scenarios by using a set of simulations with the control variable method. The source region of the Yellow River (SRYR) is an ideal area to study this problem. The results demonstrated that the precipitation effect was the dominant element influencing runoff change (the degree of influence approaching 23%), followed by maximum temperature (approaching 12%). The weakest element was minimum temperature (approaching 3%), despite the fact that the increases in minimum temperature were higher than the increases in maximum temperature. The results also indicated that the degree of runoff sensitivity to precipitation and temperature changes was subject to changing external climatic conditions.
On-line chemical oxygen demand estimation models for the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation advanced treatment of papermaking wastewater
Authors: Shen Wenhao , Huang Feini , Zhang Xuewen , Zhu Yuefei , Chen Xiaoquan , Akbarjon Nishonov
Published: July 2018

Chemical oxygen demand (COD), an important indicative measure of the amount of oxidizable pollutants in wastewater, is often analyzed off-line due to the expensive sensor required for on-line analysis. However, its off-line analysis is time-consuming. An on-line COD estimation method was developed with photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) technology. Based on the on-line data of the oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH of wastewater, four different artificial neural network methods were applied to develop working models for COD estimation. Six different batches of sequence batch reactor (SBR) effluent from a paper mill were treated with PEC oxidation for 90 minutes, and 546 data points were collected from the on-line measurements of ORP, DO and pH, and the off-line COD analysis. After having training and validation with 75% and 25% of data, and evaluation with four statistical criteria (R2, RMSE, MAE and MAPE), the estimation results indicated that the developed radial basis neural network (RBNN) model demonstrated the highest precision. Subsequently, the application of the RBNN model to a new batch of SBR effluent from the paper mill revealed that the RBNN model was acceptable for COD estimation during the PEC advanced treatment process of papermaking wastewater, which implied its possible application in the future.
An Overview on Analytical Methods for Quantitative Determination of Aristolochic Acids
Authors: Afshar-Mogaddam Mohammad-Reza , Yadeghari Adeleh , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: July 2018

Background:

Aristolochic acids are chemically linked to nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acids which are found in aristolochia plants. These compounds are intrinsically carcinogenic, while they have been used in traditional medicine from a long time ago. Despite the beneficial effects of herbals for treating some diseases, they possess some side effects.

Methods:

Therefore, the development of a sensitive and selective procedure for the determination of these harmful components in various complicated samples is an important task for health systems and drug authorities. In the past years, ultra-pressure liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis with different detection systems were used for determination of aristolochic acids in various samples.

Results:

In this review, different analytical methods have been discussed in brief and applications of them in diverse samples have been summarized.

Conclusion:

Different approaches are compared from point of sensitivity, selectivity, and extraction efficiency.
Achievements in the Synthesis of Elemental Silver Nanoparticles with Various Geometric Forms
Authors: Mikhailov Oleg V.
Published: July 2018

Background:

The data on the specific synthesis of elemental silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP)
having the forms of various geometric bodies (pseudo spherical, prismatic, cubic, trigonal-pyramidal,
etc.), obtained by various methods, have been systematized and generalized.

Objective:

It is noted that the forms and sizes of Ag-NP are greatly dependant on the conditions in
which they are formed.

Method:

Comparison of the data of the characteristics of silver nanoparticles obtained by chemical,
physicochemical and biological methods has been made.

Results:

It has been shown that form and size of produced Ag-NP depend strongly on the such factors
as temperature, the concentration of silver(I) containing precursor, pH of the solution, the molar
ratio between capping agent and silver(I) containing precursor, reducing agents etc., and, also, on the
method used for Ag-NP synthesis (chemical, physicochemical or biological).

Conclusion:

It has also been noted that biological methods of synthesis of Ag-NP are generally more
preferable in comparison with the chemical and physicochemical methods. The review covers mainly
publications published in the last 20 years.
A Novel Adaptive PET/CT Image Fusion Algorithm
Authors: Xia Kai-jian , Wang Jian-qiang , Cai Jian
Published: July 2018

Background:

Lung cancer is one of the common malignant tumors. The successful diagnosis
of lung cancer depends on the accuracy of the image obtained from medical imaging modalities.

Objective:

The fusion of CT and PET is combining the complimentary and redundant information
both images and can increase the ease of perception. Since the existing fusion method sare not perfect
enough, and the fusion effect remains to be improved, the paper proposes a novel method
called adaptive PET/CT fusion for lung cancer in Piella framework.

Methods:

This algorithm firstly adopted the DTCWT to decompose the PET and CT images into
different components, respectively. In accordance with the characteristics of low-frequency and
high-frequency components and the features of PET and CT image, 5 membership functions are
used as a combination method so as to determine the fusion weight for low-frequency components.
In order to fuse different high-frequency components, we select the energy difference of decomposition
coefficients as the match measure, and the local energy as the activity measure; in addition,
the decision factor is also determined for the high-frequency components.

Results:

The proposed method is compared with some of the pixel-level spatial domain image fusion
algorithms. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is feasible and effective.

Conclusion:

Our proposed algorithm can better retain and protrude the lesions edge information
and the texture information of lesions in the image fusion.
Design and Analysis of Automated Rack Supported Warehouses
Authors: Caprili Silvia , Morelli Francesco , Salvatore Walter , Natali Agnese
Published: July 2018

Background:

The lack of codified standards for the design of automated rack supported warehouses forced engineers to use personal experience and commonly accepted rules.

Objective:

This paper investigates the efficacy of applying Eurocodes’ rules for the design and analysis of automated rack supported warehouses. Structural performance, construction feasibility and economic effort are considered.

Method:

A typical case study building was designed following the two approaches proposed by Eurocodes: elastic and dissipative.

Results:

The satisfaction of the capacity design requirements, used for dissipative approach, was not always possible. Analyses showed the development of non-uniform collapse mechanisms and yielding patterns.

Conclusion:

Specific design rules and analysis techniques shall be developed accounting for the structural performance of automated rack supported warehouses.
Immune Regulatory Genes Are Major Genetic Factors to Behcet Disease: Systematic Review
Authors: Deng Yan , Zhu Weifeng , Zhou Xiaodong
Published: July 2018

Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic refractory multi-system autoimmune disorder that occurs in a genetically susceptible host. Multiple genetic factors have been identified that may contribute to the pathogenesis of BD. The major genes with polymorphisms associated with BD include HLA-B and -A, CIITA, ERAP1, MICA, IL10, IL12A, IL12RB2, IL23R, MEFV, IRF8, TNFAIP3, REL, TLR4, NOD1,2, CCR1,CCR3, GIMAP1,2,4, KLRC4, STAT4, NCOA5, FOXP3, PSORS1C1, FUT2, UBAC2, SUMO4, ADO-EGR2, CEBPB-PTPN1, and JPKL-CNTN5. These genes encode proteins involved mainly in immune regulation and inflammation, and some in transcription and post-translational modification. A complete view of these BD-associated genes may provide a clue to this complex disease in terms of its pathogenesis and exploring potentially targeted therapies for BD.
The Peasant Farmer Schools of Ávila as a Model for Rural Development: The Influence on the Agro-Food Quality Policy of the Ávila Peasant Farmers’ Union in the El Barco de Ávila-Piedrahita District (1977-1990)
Authors: Peña-Ramos José A. , Chapinal-Escudero Pedro L.
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Interest groups are a key analysis category in political science. However, agricultural interest groups have merited considerably less attention from Spanish academics in this field.

Explanation:

The aspect least adequately addressed in interest group studies is the influence they exert on public policy processes. The agricultural dimension of theEscuelas Campesinas(Peasant Farmer Schools) movement in the Barco de Ávila-Piedrahita area of Spain has not been examined from this perspective.

Conclusion:

The present article seeks to remedy this gap in knowledge by analysing the participation and influence of theUnión de Campesinos de Ávila(Ávila Peasant Farmers Union) on agro-food quality policy during the period 1977-1990.
Optimal Power-Frequency Control in Deregulated Thermal, Hydro and Hydrothermal Power Systems with AC-DC Links
Authors: Arya Yogendra , Gupta Sushil K. , Singh Nisha
Published: July 2018

Background:

A comparative analysis of Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of two-area
electric power systems interconnected by AC and AC-DC links under deregulated environment is
conducted. Each area has Thermal-Thermal (TT), Thermal-Hydro (TH) and/or Hydro-Hydro (HH)
multiple power sources. A maiden attempt is made to study the demeanour of HH power system under
restructured mode.

Methods:

The state space models of the power systems have been developed to simulate all market
transactions probable in a deregulated power environment and optimal proportional integral structured
controller is applied to improve the dynamic performance. The concept of DISCO participation matrix
is harnessed to simulate the transactions.

Results:

Eigenvalue analysis is carried out to assess the comparative stability analysis of the power
systems with/without AC-DC links. Further, the dynamic responses of TT, TH and HH power systems
are contrasted in the presence of AC link and AC-DC links. The inclusion of AC-DC links improves the
dynamic performance of all the systems remarkably, however, the responses of HH system are
sluggish/poor with large undershoots in comparison to TT and TH systems. Also, TH system exhibits
degraded dynamic performance compared to TT system.

Conclusion:

Moreover, optimal controller is found competent to demonstrate the matching of
generation with power demand under different market transactions.
PERBANDINGAN ANTARA PEMBERIAN ANTIBIOTIKA PROFILAKSIS PADA SEKSIO SESAR SESUAI ALUR KLINIS RSUP DR SARDJITO DENGAN ANTIBIOTIKA DOSIS MULTIPEL TERHADAP KEJADIAN INFEKSI LUKA OPERASI
Authors: Rahmansyah Ardian , Hakimi Mohammad , Siswishanto Rukmono
Published: July 2018

Background: Clinical pathway recommend the use of short-term prophylaxis antibiotics for cesarean section. Long-term antibiotics or multiple doses was found in clinical practice. There are differences in the mode of administration and the number of doses administered at sardjito hospital.Objective: To determine the effectiveness of short-term antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean section appropriate to clinical pathway in the prevention of surgical site infection (ssi), the incidence of fever, dysuria events, length of stay.Method: The study used randomized clinical trial. The study subjects who underwent cesarean section and meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the period July 2013 to January 2014 divided into an intervention group (n = 52) who received ampicillin 2 gram pre and post-cesarean section, and a control group (n = 54) who received ampicillin 2 gram pre cesarean section and 1 gram every 8 hours for 6 times. Observed on days 3 and 10 post-cesarean section. The primary outcomes assessed were the incidence of surgical wound infection based on the criteria of surgical site infection from Centers for Disease Controland Prevention. Secondary outcomes assessed were the incidence of fever, dysuria events, length of stay. Homogeneity analysis were conducted on subject. Outcome analysis performed bivariate with t test and chi squared test.Results and Discussion : A total of 106 subjects can be analyzed. SSI events in the intervention group at day 3 was 3.8% (n = 52) and control group was 1.84% (n = 54) with p>0.05 RR 2.077 (95% CI 0.194 to 22.219). SSI on day 10 of 7.7% (n = 52) in the intervention group versus 9.3% (n = 54) in controls with p<0.05 RR 0.831 (CI 95%, 0.236 to 2.924). Fever events on day 3 by 5.8% in the intervention group versus 3.7% incontrols with p>0.05 RR 1.558 (95% CI 0.271 to 8.948) and on day 10 was 3.8% versus 3.7 % with p>0.05 RR 1.038 (95% CI 0.152 to 7.102). Dysuria not found on day 3 and but on 10 found 5.8% in the intervention group versus 11.1% with p>0.05 RR 0.519 (IK95% 0.137 to 1.968). Length of stay after cesarean section for 3.21 ± 0.412 days in the intervention group and 3.26 ± 0.442 days in the control group with p>0.05 (95% CI -0.213 - 0.117).Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the incidence of surgical wound infections, the incidence of fever, dysuria, length of stay between short-term prophylaxis antibiotics ampicillin appropriate to clinical pathway and long-term or multiple doses prophylaxis antibiotics. Short term antibiotics prophylaxis are more efficiently with the same effectiveness in preventing outcomes research.Keywords: prophylaxis antibiotics, ampicillin, short term regimen, long term regimen, cesarean section, surgical site infection.
Efek Minyak Esensial Lavender Dibandingkan dengan Minyak Esensial Jahe terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Menstruasi pada Remaja
Authors: Pujiati Wasis , Sri Hartati W Mae , Hapsari Elsi Dwi
Published: July 2018

Background: Menstrual pain is the pain in the abdomen which is perceived before or during menstruation, that even when the menstrual pain is heavily painful, the sufferers leave their activities. Research in 2011 showed that the rate of occurrence of primary menstrual pain in Indonesian adolescences was about 54.89%. Various therapies have been used to cure the pain, both pharmacologically and nonpharmacologically. Pharmacologically, it is done by the usage of NSAID, and non-pharmacologically is done by using essential oil.Objective: To know about the effects of lavender essential oil compared to ginger essential oil toward the intensity of menstrual pain in the adolescences of SHS 1 Muncar.Method: True experimental design, with randomized pretest posttest design plan. Time of data retrieval was August-September 2014 in SMA 1 Muncar, Banyuwangi, East Java. Population in this research were female adolescences in class of X and XI, with the amount of 260 students, with samples’ amount of 30 for each treatment group. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. The dependent variable are the giving of lavender and ginger essential oils, meanwhile the independent variable are the reduction of the intensity of menstrual pain. Instrument which was used was Numerical Rating Scale. The data analysis used the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney Test.Result and Discussion: The intensity of pain before and after intervention of essential oil of lavender and ginger are 5,47±1,19 vs 2,93±1,53, P=0,00 and 5,40±0,96 vs 2,93±1,43, P=0,00, respectively. Comparison of the effects essential oil of lavender and ginger have P >0,05.Conclusion: Both lavender essential oil and ginger essential oil are effective in reducing the intensity of menstrual pain in adolescences. Keywords: Menstrual pain, Essential oils, Lavender, Ginger, Adolescences
Impact of Obstetrician/Gynecologist Hospitalists on Response Time of Obstetric Emergency Operation in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta Indonesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ganap Eugenius Phyowai , Hakimi Mohammad , Hadijono Soerjo , Emilia Ova
Published: July 2018

Background: The hospitalist model in obstetric care which was introduced over the last decades now has an important role in care delivery management with the potential positive impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hospitalist model towards surgical emergency response time.Method: This research design was cohort a retrospective study. Participants included were  the patient in the time before and after implementation of obstetrician/gynecologist full-hospitalist policy during October 2013 until September 2014. The outcome measured were mean response time and possible hospital factors which contribute to response time.Result and Discussion: We included a total of 71 patients (30 on-call obstetrician group and  41 full-time hospitalist group).  Univariate analysis indicated  mean response time was significantly differ in full-time hospitalist group when compared to the on-call obstetrician group (65.3 + 25.89 vs. 84 + 22.29 mins; p = 0.002). Multivariable analysis determined that hospital factors which contribute to response time are readiness of operating theatre.Conclusion: Implementation of full-time hospitalist model is associated with a significant improvement of response time in emergency obstetric care.Keywords: Maternal mortality, Obstetrician/Gynecology Hospitalist, C-section, Response Time
Client Satisfaction After Family Planning Counseling by Trained Medical Students
Authors: Prawitasari Shinta , Sangun Diannisa I E , Rahman Muhammad Nurhadi , Emilia Ova
Published: July 2018

Latar Belakang: Program keluarga berencana mengalami tren penurunan di Indonesia dikarenakan adanya kendala pengetahuan, hambatan budaya, dan ketidakpuasan klien terhadap efek dari penggunaan alat kontrasepsi. Konseling keluarga berencana oleh penyedia layanan kesehatan memainkan peran yang penting dalam memberikan informasi mengenai metode program keluarga berencana.Tujuan: Mengetahui kepuasan klien terhadap konseling keluarga berencana yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa kedokteran yang telah dilatih.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan pre-experiment design with posttest only. Dua puluh lima mahasiswa kedokteran yang mengikuti progam ditugaskan untuk memberikan konseling keluarga berencana kepada klien program keluarga berencana di Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta. Modifikasi kuisioner dari William dkk digunakan untuk menilai kepuasan klien. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan dengan program SPSS versi 21.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Dari 69 klien yang mendapatkan pelayanan,secara umum lebih dari 97% klien merasa puas dengan pelayanan yang diberikan kecuali pada poin waktu tunggu dimana ketidakpuasan klien 11,8%. Kepuasan pada poin merasa dihormati, durasi konseling, metode pemberian informasi, kesempatan bertanya, dan kesesuaian antara informasi yang dibutuhkan dengan yang diberikan mencapai 98,5-100%.Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar klien merasa puas dengan konseling yang diberikan oleh mahasiswa kedokteran.Kata kunci: kepuasan, keluarga berencana, konseling, mahasiswa kedokteran
The Production of Corn Kernel Miso Based on Rice-koji Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus
Authors: Ratnaningrum Diah , Budiwati Thelma Agustina , Darsini Tri , Mawarda Panji Cahya
Published: July 2018

The suitability of corn kernel as raw material to produce miso fermented by rice-koji containing Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus has been investigated. The optimization was conducted on two important factors in miso production namely mold composition in rice-koji and salt concentration. The mold composition was prepared by inoculating the spores of 2% A. oryzae, 2% R. oligosporus, and 2% the mixture of both in a ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 (v/v) into different rice media. The mold composition was optimized to produce rice-koji with high α-amylase and protease activity. Different NaCl concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20% were subjected to optimization process and added to each mixture after five days of fermentation. The salt concentration was also optimized to produce corn kernel miso with high glucose and high dissolved protein concentration. The result showed that rice-koji containing A. oryzae and R. oligosporus in the ratio of 1:1 had the highest α-amylase and protease activity of 0.42 U/mL and 0.45 U/mL respectively. In addition, the presence of 10% NaCl in corn kernel miso fermented by A. oryzae and R. oligosporus in the ratio of 1:1 exhibited the highest glucose and dissolved protein concentration of 0.64 mg/mL and 8.80 mg/mL respectively. The optimized corn kernel miso by A. oryzae and R. oligosporus in the ratio of 1:1 with 10% NaCl was subjected to nutrient content analysis and compared to the result before the corn kernel was fermented. The nutrient content analysis showed nutrient enhancement after corn kernel was fermented and transformed into a miso. Glucose, dissolved protein, and fat content increased 6.74, 1.34, 7.63 times respectively. This study concludes corn kernel could be utilized to produce a novel corn kernel miso for dietary diversification and for improving nutritional and health status.
Variations in 24-Hour BP Profiles in Cohorts of Patients with Kidney Disease around the World
Authors: Drawz Paul E. , Brown Roland , De Nicola Luca , Fujii Naohiko , Gabbai Francis B. , Gassman Jennifer , He Jiang , Iimuro Satoshi , Lash James , Minutolo Roberto , Phillips Robert A. , Rudser Kyle , Ruilope Luis , Steigerwalt Susan , Townsend Raymond R. , Xie Dawei , Rahman Mahboob ,   the CRIC Study Investigators
Published: July 2018

Background and objectives

Ambulatory BP is increasingly recognized as a better measure of the risk for adverse outcomes related to hypertension, an important comorbidity in patients with CKD. Varying definitions of white-coat and masked hypertension have made it difficult to evaluate differences in prevalence of these BP patterns across CKD cohorts.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The International Database of Ambulatory BP in Renal Patients collaborative group established a large database of demographic, clinical, and ambulatory BP data from patients with CKD from cohorts in Italy, Spain, the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) and the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension Cohort Study (AASK) in the United States, and the CKD Japan Cohort (CKD-JAC). Participants (n=7518) with CKD were included in the present analyses. Cutoffs for defining controlled BP were 140/90 mm Hg for clinic and 130/80 mm Hg for 24-hour ambulatory BP.

Results

Among those with controlled clinic BP, compared with CKD-JAC, AASK participants were more likely to have masked hypertension (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.21; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.04 to 1.41) whereas CRIC (PR, 0.82; 0.72 to 0.94), Italian (PR, 0.73; 0.56 to 0.95), and Spanish participants (PR, 0.75; 0.64 to 0.88) were less likely. Among those with elevated clinic BP, AASK participants were more likely to have sustained hypertension (PR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.32) whereas Italian (PR, 0.78; 0.70 to 0.87) and Spanish participants (PR, 0.89; 0.82 to 0.96) were less likely, although CRIC participants had similar prevalence as CKD-JAC. Prevalence of masked and sustained hypertension was elevated in males, patients with diabetes, participants on four or more antihypertensives, and those with moderate-to-severe proteinuria.

Conclusions

In a large, multinational database, the prevalence of masked and sustained hypertension varied across cohorts independent of important comorbidities.
Characterizing the Ham Halo Condition: A Color Defect in Fresh Pork Biceps Femoris Muscle
Authors: King David A. , Shackelford Steven D. , Schnell Tim , Pierce Lee , Wheeler Tommy L.
Published: July 2018

This experiment characterized a color defect called halo, involving pale tissue in the superficial portion of ham muscles, causing a two-toned appearance. Biceps femoris muscles (n = 200) were obtained from the ham-boning line of a large processor. Instrumental color attributes were determined on the medial (inside) and lateral (halo) surfaces of the muscle. Muscles were sliced (2.54-cm-thick) perpendicular to the long axis of the muscle. Slices were numbered from the proximal end of the muscle so that slice numbers represented anatomical location. Severity of the defect was greatest on the distal end of the muscle corresponding to slices 6 and 7 (9 locations). The halo and inside portions of slices 6 and 7 were separated for myoglobin concentration and muscle pH determination. The inside portion of muscle had lower (P < 0.001) L* (53.1 versus 63.4) and greater (P < 0.001) a* (23.2 versus 15.3) and b* (18.5 versus 15.4) values than the halo portion. Compared to the halo portion, the inside portion of the muscle had greater (P < 0.001) muscle pH (5.7 versus 5.5) and myoglobin concentration (1.97 versus 0.85 mg/g). Four minimally and 5 severely affected muscles were sampled in the halo and inside portions for muscle fiber typing. Fiber type distribution did not differ (P > 0.05) between locations within minimally affected muscles. In severely affected muscles, the inside portion had increased (P < 0.001) proportion of type I fibers, and concomitant decrease (P < 0.001) in type IIB fibers relative to the halo portion. These data indicate that the halo portion of the muscle is much lighter and less red in color, resulting from reduced myoglobin concentration in this portion of the muscle associated with a shift in muscle fiber type. These results should contribute to solutions to mitigate the ham halo color defect.