bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tongxinluo exerts protective effects via anti‐apoptotic and pro‐autophagic mechanisms by activating AMPK pathway in infarcted rat hearts
Authors: Li Qing , Li Na , Cui He‐He , Tian Xia‐Qiu , Jin Chen , Chen Gui‐Hao , Yang Yue‐Jin
Published: February 2017

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?

In a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we investigated the effect of Tongxinluo (TXL) treatment. Does TXL activate autophagy and attenuate apoptosis of cardiomyocytes through the AMPK pathway to facilitate survival of cardiomyocytes and improve cardiac function?

What is the main finding and its importance?

Major findings are as follows: (i) TXL treatment preserved cardiac function and reduced ventricular remodelling, infarct size and inflammation in rat hearts after AMI; (ii) TXL treatment dramatically increased autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in myocardium; and (iii) the AMPK signalling pathway played a crucial role in mediating the beneficial effects of TXL.

Tongxinluo (TXL) has been demonstrated to have a protective role during ischaemia–reperfusion after acute myocardial infarction, but the long‐term effects and underlying mechanisms are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TXL could have an effect on apoptosis or autophagy of cardiomyocytes through the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 75) were randomly divided to sham, control, TXL (4 mg kg−1 day−1orally), compound C (i.p. injection of 10 mg kg−1 day−1) and TXL + compound C groups. The extent of fibrosis, infarct size and angiogenesis were determined by pathological and histological studies. Four weeks after acute myocardial infarction, TXL treatment significantly increased ejection fraction, promoted angiogenesis in the peri‐infarct region and substantially decreased fibrosis and the size of the infarcted area (P < 0.05). Treatment with TXL also increased AMPK/mTOR phosphorylation, upregulated expression of the autophagic protein LC3 and downregulated expression of the apoptotic protein Bax in the infarcted myocardium (P < 0.05). Addition of the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, counteracted these beneficial effects significantly (P < 0.05). The cardioprotective benefits of TXL against myocardial infarction are related to the inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of autophagy in rat hearts after acute myocardial infarction. This effect may occur through the AMPK signalling pathway.
Preparation, characterization and investigation of photo-physical properties of thiophene-substituted rare-earth bisphthalocyanines
Authors: Černý Jiří , Dokládalová Lenka , Lyčka Antonín , Mikysek Tomáš , Bureš Filip
Published: February 2017

Three bis[octakis-(2-thienyl)phthalocyaninato] rare-earth metal(III) phthalocyanine complexes (Pc[Formula: see text]Pr, Pc[Formula: see text]Sm, Pc[Formula: see text]Gd) were synthesized for the first time. The new compounds were characterized by UV-vis, NMR, FT-IR, mass spectroscopies as well as elemental analysis and electrochemistry. Production of singlet oxygen was also estimated by 9,10-dimethylanthracene method.
Disposable Carbon Dots Modified Screen Printed Carbon Electrode Electrochemical Sensor Strip for Selective Detection of Ferric Ions
Authors: Tan Shao Chien , Chin Suk Fun , Pang Suh Cem
Published: February 2017

A disposable electrochemical sensor strip based on carbon nanodots (C-Dots) modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was fabricated for selective detection of ferric ions (Fe3+) in aqueous solution. C-Dots of mean diameters within the range of 1–7 nm were synthesized electrochemically from spent battery carbon rods. The analytical performance of this electrochemical sensor strip was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The deposition of C-Dots had enhanced the electron-transfer kinetics and current intensity of the SPCE remarkably by 734% as compared to that of unmodified SPCE. Under optimized conditions, the electrochemical sensor strip exhibited a linear detection range of 0.5 to 25.0 ppm Fe3+ with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.44±0.04 ppm (at S/N ratio = 3). Validation of results by the electrochemical sensor strip was done by comparing analysis results obtained using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS).
Xenophanes im Zeus-Hymnos des Kallimachos
Authors: Adorjáni Zsolt
Published: February 2017

The following analysis is motivated by the new observation that the epilogue of Callimachus’s Hymn to Zeus (91f.) contains an allusion to a fragment of the archaic poet-philosopher Xenophanes of Colophon (fr. 34.1f.). That this connection went unnoticed, may be explained by the fact that the fragment of Xenophanes was preserved by several authors as a quotation with some verbal variations. Callimachus avails himself not of the version which could be considered the vulgata, but of the one preserved by Plutarch (De audiendis poetis 2.17e). This observation having been made we can set out to scrutinize the function of the allusion which seems to activate some generic conventions of hymnic poetry.
Numerical analysis of the influences of thermal stresses on the efficiency of bonded composite repair of cracked metallic panels
Authors: Mhamdia Rachid , Serier B , Albedah A , Bachir Bouiadjra B , Kaddouri K
Published: February 2017

In this study, the three-dimensional finite element method is used to analyze the effects of the thermal residual stresses due to the adhesive curing on the efficiency of bonded composite repair of cracked aluminum panels. The variation of the stress intensity factor at the crack tip is used for evaluating the repair performances. The effects of the geometrical and the mechanical properties of the composite patch and the adhesive on the repair efficiency were highlighted. The obtained results show that the thermal residual stresses significantly increase the stress intensity factor at the crack tip which reduces the repair efficiency.
Shipbuilding in times of war: Contracts for the construction of ships and provision of supplies in the Spanish Empire in the early seventeenth century
Authors: Gasch-Tomás José Luís , Monchet Koldo Trápaga , Trindade Ana Rita
Published: February 2017

In the early seventeenth century, the construction of galleons and high seas warships became an essential strategic concern for the king of Spain, even more so than in the previous century. In 1603, Philip III ordered the establishment of a Committee for the Building of Ships ( Junta para la Fábrica de Navíos), which signed several contracts ( asientos) with private individuals to build squadrons and ships. What were the shipbuilding conditions outlined in contracts signed under the auspices of such a committee? By addressing this question, this research note sheds light on the shipbuilding strategies of the Spanish Crown before the Twelve Years’ Truce (1609–1621). The notes are part of an ongoing research project on the Spanish Empire’s political restructuring of shipbuilding policies during the first half of the seventeenth century.
A systematic review of modifiable risk factors in the progression of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hempel Susanne , Graham Glenn D , Fu Ning , Estrada Elena , Chen Annie Y , Miake-Lye Isomi , Miles Jeremy N V , Shanman Roberta , Shekelle Paul G , Beroes Jessica M , Wallin Mitchell T
Published: February 2017

Background:

The presenting symptoms and rate of progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) are very heterogeneous. The diverse clinical manifestations and the clinical course of the disease may vary with modifiable risk factors.

Objective:

To systematically review modifiable risk factors and exposures associated with MS progression.

Methods:

We searched six databases till March 2015, reference-mined reviews, and consulted with experts (PROSPERO 2015:CRD42015016461). Two reviewers screened and extracted data. We used random meta-analysis models and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) to assess the quality of evidence.

Results:

In total, 59 studies met inclusion criteria. Lower vitamin D levels were associated with higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores ( r = −0.22; confidence interval (CI) = −0.32, −0.12; 11 studies; I2 = 66%), smokers had an increased risk of MS progression (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.55; CI = 1.10, 2.19; I2 = 72%; seven studies), and there was no association of MS progression with the use of epidural analgesics during childbirth delivery (three studies). There was insufficient evidence to draw conclusions for 11 risk factors due to conflicting results or use of different predictor and outcome measures.

Conclusion:

MS progression was consistently associated with low vitamin D levels, and smoking was associated with a more rapid decline in MS disability. Studies used a variety of methods, predictors, and outcomes making it difficult to draw conclusions. Future studies should focus on prospective assessments.
Social Tie Strength and Online Victimization: An Analysis of Young People Aged 15–30 Years in Four Nations
Authors: Keipi Teo , Kaakinen Markus , Oksanen Atte , Räsänen Pekka
Published: February 2017

Online interaction through the use of social networking sites (SNS) continues to be a significant component of the socialization of young people today, yet little research exists toward linking various relational forms to prevalent and much-studied online risks cross-nationally. This article provides a link between relational dynamics and online risks identified in previous research toward a new perspective on how social tie strength is related to experiences of hate victimization and harassment online. The analysis is based on survey data of Finnish ( n = 555), American ( n = 1033), German ( n = 978), and British ( n = 999) young people aged 15–30 years. Variables, including age, gender, main activity, SNS use, quantity, and extent of online and offline social networks including social tie strength and online community identification, were analyzed toward finding their associations with online hate victimization and harassment. Results showed that experiences of hate victimization and harassment were similar cross-nationally and that those who were personally harassed online also reported high SNS activity. Furthermore, no association was found between social network size and negative experiences. Notable cross-national differences were also detected in the results. Findings emphasize the importance of understanding variables fostering online risks for young people while providing a new perspective on what aspects of social life may help negate negative effects online.
An educational board game for learning and teaching burn care: A preliminary evaluation
Authors: Whittam Alexander M. , Chow Whitney
Published: February 2017

Timely and effective assessment, resuscitation and transfer of patients with severe burns has been demonstrated to improve outcome. A dedicated one-day course exists to equip all frontline emergency healthcare workers with the necessary knowledge and skills to manage severe burn injuries. More recently, a board game has been developed which aims to act as a learning and practice development tool for those managing burn injuries. We present the findings of our preliminary evaluation of this game. We played this game with a multidisciplinary group of staff including doctors, nurses and therapists. A proportion of these participants had previously completed the Emergency Management of Severe Burns (EMSB) course. We obtained subjective results from a questionnaire, using both Likert-type ratings and open-ended questions. The styling of the game and ease of instructions was rated from ‘average’ to ‘excellent’. The relevance of questions was rated from ‘good’ to ‘excellent’. The usefulness of the game to increase knowledge and stimulate discussion was rated between ‘good’ and ‘excellent’. All participants stated that they would recommend the game to other healthcare professionals. This is the only burns and plastic surgery-related educational game in the literature. Educational games adhere to principles of adult learning but there is insufficient evidence in the literature to either confirm or refute their utility. Our preliminary evaluation of this game has shown that it achieves its main aims, namely to increase knowledge in burn care and to stimulate discussion. Further work is required to assess the board game.
Optimizing Outcome in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Fein Deborah , Barton Marianne , Dumont-Mathieu Thyde
Published: February 2017

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are usually lifelong with wide ranging functional outcomes. Intensive behavioral intervention, implemented early, can improve outcome significantly. Some individuals, often with milder symptoms, if treated early, can attain social, cognitive, educational, and vocational functioning in the typical range. To qualify, children must be detected and diagnosed as early as possible. Without universal screening, many children from all backgrounds are not detected until past early childhood; children from economically disadvantaged and ethnic minority families are diagnosed and treated, on average, 2 years later than others. Primary care physician surveillance should incorporate parental concerns and be supplemented by universal ASD screening at 18 and 24 months. ASD screening in other community settings could detect risk in children who may not have primary or consistent medical care. Effective ASD diagnostic systems should encompass mildly affected children. Although universal screening can reduce inequities in identification, outcome disparities will persist while intervention funding remains local.
Modeling z-shaped disturbance along the Pedersen ray of oblique sounding ionogram using adaptation of IRI to experimental data
Authors: Ким Антон , Kim Anton , Романова Елена , Romanova Elena , Котович Галина , Kotovich Galina , Пономарчук Сергей , Ponomarchuk Sergey
Published: February 2017

We present the results of numerical modeling of a traveling ionospheric disturbance that causes z-shaped bends at the Pedersen ray of oblique incidence ionograms. The results of trajectory synthesis of oblique incidence ionograms are given for the ionosphere, taking into account the traveling ionospheric disturbance. In the work, we use the International Reference Ionosphere, adapted to experimental data, and the Global Model of the Ionosphere and Plasmasphere.
Vicinity Matters: Cuba's Reforms in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Ricardo Torres Pérez
Published: February 2017

After five years from the adoption of the Lineamientos, the Cuban model is going through its most profound transformation since the triumph of the Revolution. It is common in the literature to find comparisons using China and Vietnam as benchmarks for obvious reasons. This article tries to summarise the impact of US sanction in the conformation of the Cuban model, analyses the usefulness of the Asian experience and puts the current reform in the context of the restoration of ties with the United States. It concludes that the structural factors behind this unique model are now altered in many important ways and will be more so in the near future. Big implications are expected as a result.
La Salud Pública En Cuba: Años 2005–2014
Authors: Enrique Beldarraín Chaple
Published: February 2017

Se analiza la Salud Pública Cubana durante los años 2005–2014, período que coincide con las últimas reformas económicas – sociales implantadas por el Estado y el impacto de las mismas sobre el acceso de la población, la organización y estructura de las instituciones de salud. El objetivo de la misma es evaluar la situación de salud en esos años y relacionarla con el proceso de reformas económicas. Para la realización de la misma se siguió el método histórico lógico, apoyados en la revisión documental. Se consultaron fuentes primarias y secundarias de datos, los registros estadísticos del Ministerio de Salud Pública, los Anuarios Estadísticos de estos años y un grupo de documentos publicados, que analizan diferentes aspectos relacionados con el funcionamiento de la salud pública. Se analiza la atención a la primera infancia y al adulto mayor, como expresión de los grupos sociales más vulnerables, la percepción de la población en relación con los servicios. Se hizo énfasis en un grupo de indicadores, entre ellos, el número de trabajadores del sector, la cantidad existente de médicos y estomatólogos, la cantidad de médicos de la familia que trabajan en la comunidad, los médicos especializados, la cantidad de enfermeros que prestan servicios en la red de salud. Se analizan cifras de morbilidad y mortalidad, las. Se concluye que las reformas, no afectaron el desarrollo de los servicios de salud, ni el acceso de la población a los mismos. Se mantiene la gratuidad de los servicios de salud para toda la población y su cobertura nacional. Existen vulnerabilidades sociales, con la existencia de grupos de personas con factores de riesgo y otras determinantes sociales que influyeron en la presentación de enfermedades que estaban controladas en años anteriores. El presupuesto asignado al sector salud se ha incrementado, y la formación de profesionales de la salud.
Immunocytochemical Profiling of Cultured Mouse Primary Retinal Cells
Authors: Zalis Marina C. , Johansson Sebastian , Englund-Johansson Ulrica
Published: February 2017

Primary retinal cell cultures and immunocytochemistry are important experimental platforms in ophthalmic research. Translation of retinal cells from their native environment to the in vitro milieu leads to cellular stress, jeopardizing their in vivo phenotype features. Moreover, the specificity and stability of many retinal immunochemical markers are poorly evaluated in retinal cell cultures. Hence, we here evaluated the expression profile of 17 retinal markers, that is, recoverin, rhodopsin, arrestin, Chx10, PKC, DCX, CRALBP, GS, vimentin, TPRV4, RBPMS, Brn3a, β-tubulin III, NeuN, MAP2, GFAP, and synaptophysin. At 7 and 18 days of culture, the marker expression profiles of mouse postnatal retinal cells were compared with their age-matched in vivo retinas. We demonstrate stable in vitro expression of all markers, except for arrestin and CRALBP. Differences in cellular expression and location of some markers were observed, both over time in culture and compared with the age-matched retina. We hypothesize that these differences are likely culture condition dependent. Taken together, we suggest a thorough evaluation of the antibodies in specific culture settings, before extrapolating the in vitro results to an in vivo setting. Moreover, the identification of specific cell types may require a combination of different genes expressed or markers with structural information.
The Surface Density of Haloes
Authors: Del Popolo A. , Lee Xi-Guo
Published: February 2017

We study the correlation between the central surface density and the core radius of the dark matter haloes of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. We find that the surface density within the halo characteristic radius r* is not a universal quantity as claimed by some authors (e.g., Milgrom 2009), but it correlates with several physical quantities (e.g., the halo mass M200, and the magnitude MB). The slope of the surface density-mass relation is 0.18 ± 0.05, leaving small room to the possibility of a constant surface density. Finally, we compare the results with MOND predictions.
Reaching Out For Everyday Life Creativity
Authors: Tanggaard Lene
Published: February 2017

In recent years, a move towards social, cultural-psychological and distributed research perspectives on creativity has been witnessed within the social- and human sciences. Glăveanu is one of the most prominent advocates for this new line of research. In the present commentary, I will share my concerns as to why this move is important and vital for the field of creativity research, but I will also raise my sense of fear by the proposed direction of model unity and coherence as suggested by Glăveanu. On the contrary, we may need to tolerate and respect the diversity of perspectives and enjoy the fruits of cross-disciplinarily research, not needing to reach any state of unity. In this sense, a way out of ‘crisis’ could be that we respect, variations and even differences, and instead of coherence establish meeting places and spots where divergent perspectives can be celebrated.
Space and Creativity: Students’ Opinions on School Space as a Component of the Creative Environment
Authors: Galewska-Kustra Marta
Published: February 2017

Space understood as physical environment is the object of research in many fields, including social sciences. Previous studies point to the importance it may have for creative activity. School is one of the spaces where creative activity takes place. School is also supposed to support the development of students’ creativity. The article presents research on school as a physical environment facilitating creativity. The main aim of the presented study was to identify the characteristics of schools that students evaluated as favourable and unfavourable to their creative activity. The following research questions were addressed: What features of school space are evaluated by students as favourable to their creative activity? What features of school space are evaluated by students as unfavourable to their creative activity? The research made it possible to identify the elements of school that students see as support for, or hindrance to, their creative activity.
Determinants of the Content and Creation of Modern Television Series. Selected Issues
Authors: Arcimowicz Krzysztof
Published: February 2017

The aim of this article is to present the most important factors affecting the creation and content of two different genres of television series–Polish television sagas and American post-soap operas. The analysis which I have carried out in the field allows the formulation of several conclusions. The creation of the two genres is similar. In both cases the most important people are the producers and scriptwriters and the most important criteria used for the assessment of a production are audience ratings and economic factors. Polish television sagas and American post-soaps are often very different with regard to their content and the ways they present social issues. The reasons for the differences include: genre convention, expectations of viewers, social and cultural context, and the emergence of commercial subscription television in the United States. At the turn of the 21st century HBO, an American pay television provider, followed by other stations began to produce shows which, even though they have originated from older television forms, break the ties with their antecedents. Makers of post-soaps address sensitive social issues and create their characters in an original and often controversial way.
Classical Wagnerism
Authors: Huebner Steven
Published: February 2017

The works of Richard Wagner have been celebrated for their impact on progressive elements in European culture, as a bridge from romanticism to modernism. In France the influence of Wagner on symbolist writers and artists, and musicians sympathetic to them, has emerged as particularly significant. But there was also a conservative response to Wagner that has received much less attention in the scholarly literature. This filiation is exemplified in the figure of Albéric Magnard and his opera Bérénice (1911), which he claimed was influenced by a “classical” Wagner. This article considers the classicism of Bérénice and its composer from several perspectives: portrayals of temperament that demonstrate consonance with classical precepts, political readings that emphasize classical values, the legacy of the French theater of the seventeenth century, and strategies of tonal organization and motivic development related to the German symphony extending back to Beethoven.
The Metapragmatics of the “Minor Writer”
Authors: Bartels-Swindells Aaron
Published: February 2017

How does the significance of Zoë Wicomb’s description of herself as a “minor writer” in the 2013 Windham-Campbell Prize festival program contrast with her other uses of the term? Arguing that the term’s usage at different times and places indexes distinct schemata of value, I examine the program as an artifact that sediments a certain formulation of Wicomb’s literary persona and provides affordances for parsing her literary works.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FREKUENSI PAPARAN PORNOGRAFI DENGAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL PRANIKAH PADA REMAJA SMA/SEDERAJAT DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUKAWATI I KABUPATEN GIANYAR BALI 2014
Authors: Aidil Muhammad
Published: February 2017

One of the social problem that make big problem nowadays is premarital sexual behavior amongst teenagers.This problem can lead to many impacts such as the high incidence of HIV/AIDS and Sexual TransmitedDisease. According to some research, premarital sexual behavior is influenced by pornography exposuretowards teenagers. The aim of this study is to detect the relationship between frequency of pornographyexposure towards the premarital sexual behavior in high school teenagers Sukawati Public Health Centre IIÂ working place. The design for this research is quantitative study with analytic crossâ€sectional design. To collect the sample we use questioner without the name of the respondent amongst 136 students in two high school. For analysis we use Chi Square analysis using computer software. In this study, 19,1% respondent has done a premarital sexual behavior. At bivariate analysis, frequency of pornographic exposure (p=0,615) donâ€™t have a significance relationship with premarital sexual behavior. For this study, the significance is p value below 0,05. Frequency of pornographic exposure donâ€™t have a significant relationship with premarital sexualÂ behavior.Â
GAMBARAN KUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS RENDANG PADA PERIODE 27 FEBRUARI SAMPAI 14 MARET 2015
Authors: Santiya Anbarasan Sri
Published: February 2017

OUTLOOK ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY WITH HYPERTENSION IN PUSKESMAS RENDANG AREA DURING PERIOD 27 FEBRUARY TO 14 MARCH 2015ABSTRACTBackground: Hipertension is one of the biggest health problem faced in the world, especially in developing countries. According to data from Bali Province Health Service, patients suffering from hipertension in Bali in 2010 accounts to 8837 people. Whereas total visit of elderly with hypertension in 2013 sums up to 1354, which is 9,41% from total cases that visited Puskesmas Rendang in 2013. High number of hypertension cases especially in elderly affects their quality of life.Aim: To know the quality of life of elderly suffering from hypertension.Method: The type of study is descriptive quantitative. Study was conducted in elderly posyandu in Puskesmas Rendang, Karangasem district during period of 27 February till 14 March 2015. Sample was obtained through consecutive sampling technique with a total sample of 60 people. Instrument used in the form of questionnaire which was created by WHO that is World Health Organization Quality Of Life â€“ Bref (WHOQOL-BREF). Data analysis technique used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis.Result: Quality of life of elderly is generally good (58.3%), physical health quality of elderly is bad (71.7%), psychological quality is good (61.7%), personal social quality is not too influential (50.0%), and environment quality is bad (73.3%).Conclusion: Quality of life in elderly with hypertension is generally good, only physical health quality and environment quality is bad.
KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI PASIEN DEPRESI DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT SANGLAH DENPASAR BALI PERIODE 2011-2013
Authors: Yoga Wirawan Nyoman Ari
Published: February 2017

Depresi masih menjadi masalah besar kesehatan jiwa bagi masyarakat. Sejauh ini belum didapatkan data atau laporan spesifik tentang karakteristik pasien depresi, khususnya di provinsi Bali terutama yang berhubungan dengan karakteristik demografi penderitanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik demografi pasien depresi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali periode 2011-2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder catatan medik pasien di RSUP Sanglah pada periode 1 Januari 2011 - 31 Desember 2013. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2014. Karakteristik demografi yang dicari yaitu umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan dan tingkat pendidikan terakhir. Depresi paling banyak terjadi pada kelompok umur 16-20 tahun yaitu sebesar 18,1% dari 248 pasien. Depresi lebih banyak diderita oleh perempuan (58,47%) dari pada laki-laki (41,53%). Depresi banyak diderita oleh pegawai swasta (27,4%) dan pelajar (10,5%). Tingkat pendidikan terakhir pasien depresi yang paling banyak adalah SMA (44,8%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa depresi banyak terjadi pada kelompok umur 16-20 tahun, lebih banyak diderita oleh perempuan, banyak diderita oleh pegawai swasta dan pelajar. Tingkat pendidikan terakhir pasien depresi yang paling banyak adalah SMA. Diperlukan konseling, informasi dan edukasi kepada orang-orang yang rentan menderita depresi.
SUMBER DAYA UDANG LAUT-DALAM DI INDONESIA DAN KEMUNGKINAN PEMANFAATANNYA SECARA BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Suman Ali , Satria Fayakun
Published: February 2017

Sumber daya udang laut-dalam merupakan sumber daya masa depan yangpenting bagi pembangunan perikanan di Indonesia. Komposisi jenis sumberdaya udang laut dalam ini didapatkan lebih dari 38 jenis dengan jenis yangmendominansi udang Penaeid (Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus). Polapertumbuhannya adalah allometris dengan penyebaran terpusat padakedalaman 200-500 m. Potensi penangkapan udang laut-dalam di perairankawasan barat Indonesia sekitar 640 ton/tahun dengan upaya optimum 285 unit bubu dan di kawasan timur Indonesia sekitar 2.840 ton/tahun dengan upaya optimum 1.250 unit bubu. Rekomendasi pola pemanfaatan udang laut dalam yang berkelanjutan adalah dengan menerapkan opsi pengelolaan berupa penutupan daerah dan musim penangkapan, pembatasan upaya, dan penerapan kuota.Deep-sea shrimp resources is the future important resources for fisheries development in Indonesia. The catch composition of deep-sea shrimp found more than 38 species and the dominant species is Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus. The growth pattern is allometric with distribution in depth of 200-500 m. Potential yield of deep-sea shrimp in Indonesian western area is 640 ton/year with optimum effort about 285 unit of trap and in Indonesian eastern area is 2,840 ton/year with optimum effort about 1,250 unit of trap. The sustainable exploitation pattern of deep-sea shrimp is recommended to application of management options close area and fishing season, effort limitation, and quota application.
KARAKTERISTIK KUALITAS AIR DANAU LIMBOTO, PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Krismono, Krismono, , Astuti Lismining Pujiyani , Sugianti Yayuk
Published: February 2017

Danau Limboto terletak pada ketinggian 25 m di atas permukaan laut yang berada di Kabupaten Gorontalo, Provinsi Gorontalo. Danau ini berfungsi untuk perikanan tangkap, perikanan budi daya, dan pengendalian banjir. Kualitas air merupakan kunci penting bagi kehidupan ikan dan salah satu masukkan penting untuk pengelolaan kegiatan perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keadaan kualitas air Danau Limboto. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret, Mei, September, dan Nopember 2006. Pengambilan contoh air dilakukan di lima stasiun pengamatan dengan metode survei berstrata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu, pH, alkalinitas total, oksigen terlarut, dan karbondioksida bebas Danau Limboto mendukung untuk kegiatan perikanan. Berdasarkan pada tingkat kecerahan, N-NO3, P-PO4, klorofil-a, dan kelimpahan plankton, danau ini termasuk ke dalam perairan eutrofik hingga hipertrofik (subur). Limboto Lake is located in Gorontalo District, Gorontalo Province at 25 m above sea level. The lake functions as capture and culture fisheries and flood control. Water quality is an important environmental factors for fisheries management. The objective of this research was to identify the water quality characteristic of Limboto Lake. Research was done at March, May, September, and November 2006. Water samples was taken in each research stations using survey stratified method. The results showed that temperature, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, and free carbon dioxide were in the level of supporting the fisheries activity. Based on transparency, N-NO3, P-PO4, chlorophylla, and abundance of plankton, the lake was catagorized as eutrophic to hypertrophic waters.
KOMPOSISI DAN FLUKTUASI HASIL TANGKAPAN TUGUK DI SUNGAI LEMPUING, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Dharmadi Dharmadi , Kartamihardja Endi Setiadi , Utomo Agus Djoko , Oktaviani Dian
Published: February 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi dan fluktuasi hasil tangkapan tuguk pada periode berbeda yang dioperasikan di Sungai Lempuing, Sumatera Selatan. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode survei pada periode musim peralihan penghujan sampai dengan kemarau (bulan April), musim kemarau (bulan Juni) dan musim penghujan (bulan Desember) tahun 2007. Komposisi jenis ikan dan hasil tangkapan diperoleh berdasarkan pada data pengambilan contoh pada saat ke lapangan dan data harian hasil tangkapan tuguk yang dicatat oleh 3 orang enumerator. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tangkapan tuguk berbeda menurut periode waktu. Hasil tangkapan terdiri atas 11 jenis ikan untuk musim peralihan dan kemarau masing-masing berkisar 400-450 kg per unit per hari (rata-rata 411,2+14,1 kg per unit per hari) dan 250-300 kg per unit per hari (rata-rata 263,3+13,4 kg per unit per hari) dan 13 jenis ikan pada musim penghujan (bulan Desember) berkisar 700-750 kg per unit per hari (rata-rata 724,8+17,7 kg per unit per hari). Hasil tangkapan didominansi oleh jenis ikan lele (Clarias melanoderma) dan baung (Mystus nemurus). Selama penelitian, kandungan oksigen terlarut di perairan relatif rendah, berkisar 2-4 mg per l, namun dapat ditolelir oleh kelompok jenis ikan rawa (black fish). This research proposed to observed a catch composition and fluctuation of filtering device in different periods operated in the Lempuing River, South Sumatera. The research was conducted using survey method at a respective month of April (transition season), June (dry season) and December 07 (wet season). Fish composition and catch of tuguk were noted during survey and based on recording 3 enumerators. Descriptive analysis was used in this study. The results show that the catch of filtering device differed on diferent season periodes. A number of 11 fish species was caught at a respective season of transition season (April) of 400-450 kg per unit per day (average=411.2+14,1 kg per unit per day), dry season (June) of 250 300 kg per unit per day (average = 263,3+13,4 kg per unit per day), whilst at rainy season (December), fish catch composed of 13 fish species, ranging 700-750 kg per unit per day or (average = 724.8+17.7 kg per unit per day). Clarias melanoderma and Mystus nemurus were dominantly caught in the Lempuing River waters. During observation, dissolved oxygen content was relatively low (2-4 mg per l), that but could be tolerated by black fish.
Alegoria w tradycji hermeneutycznej. Gadamerowska rehabilitacja alegorii
Authors: Sołtysiak Marek
Published: February 2017

Pojęcie alegorii związane jest z tradycją retoryczną i hermeneutyczną. W tradycji retorycznej alegoria jest techniką szyfrującą określone treści. Natomiast kiedy brana jest pod uwagę potrzeba odszyfrowania tych treści, to mamy do czynienia z jej interpretacją hermeneutyczną. Alegoria, a dokładniej mówiąc alegoreza, staje się wówczas narzędziem interpretacji. Dzięki jej zastosowaniu można wydobyć ukrytą prawdę tekstu. W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia alegorii w jej drugim znaczeniu, czyli w tradycji hermeneutycznej. Jej hermeneutyczne znaczenie od starożytnej Grecji aż po epokę baroku związane było z dogmatyczną interpretacją przekazów. Homer jako pierwszy zastosował alegorię (alegorezę) do interpretacji mitów. W czasach patrystycznych wystąpiła potrzeba alegorycznego rozumienia Pisma Świętego. Natomiast w średniowieczu alegoria pełniła podwójną rolę: filozoficzno­‑teologiczną i estetyczną.Po raz pierwszy znaczenie alegorii zostało podważone w czasie reformacji, w jej zastosowaniu do interpretacji Biblii. Ostatnią epoką, w której dowartościowano alegorię w jej hermeneutycznym znaczeniu był barok. Schyłek jej zastosowania, jako narzędzia w dotarciu do prawdy, aż do jej odrzucenia rozpoczął się w oświeceniu. Gadamer odpowiedzialnym za jej deprecjację czyni przede wszystkim Kanta i dokonaną przez niego estetyzację sztuki. Dzieło sztuki, zgodnie z jego koncepcją, ukazuje nam tylko piękno.Gadamer sprzeciwia się estetyzacji sztuki dokonanej przez Kanta. W wyniku rehabilitacji alegorii podważył estetyzację dzieła sztuki i zawężenie jej do wytworu geniusza. Jego zdaniem, w doświadczeniu dzieła sztuki nie mamy tylko do czynienia z pięknem, ale przede wszystkim z prawdą o nas samych i o otaczającym nas świecie.
Młodzież w oczach papieży na podstawie przemówień podczas Światowych Dni Młodzieży
Authors: Ostrowski Maciej
Published: February 2017

Autor analizuje i komentuje treść przemówień papieży Jana Pawła II, Benedykta XVI i Franciszka wygłoszonych podczas trzynastu Światowych Dni Młodzieży. Ze względu na dużą liczbę papieskich wystąpień skupia się na przemówieniach podczas szczytowych spotkań. Autor chce odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jaki obraz współczesnej młodzieży przedstawiają w swych wystąpieniach papieże. W przemówieniach nie ma wprost opisu sytuacji młodzieży. Natomiast na podstawie poruszanej tematyki można pośrednio zorientować się, jakie zjawiska wśród młodzieży budzą nadzieję, a jakie niepokój. Ton papieskich wypowiedzi jest w większości wypadków pozytywny. Papieże widzą w młodzieży wiele dobrych cech, co budzi wielką nadzieję. Podkreślają konieczność nawiązywania przez młodych bliskich relacji z Chrystusem, budzenia wiary, która ma charakter osobistego spotkania z Bogiem. W świetle Ewangelii chcą uświadomić młodym pełną prawdę o człowieku, zwracają uwagę na sprawę prawidłowego rozumienia wolności, tłumaczą znaczenie Kościoła i relację chrześcijanina do Kościoła. Wreszcie akcentują dynamizm i entuzjazm młodzieży, zachęcają młodzież do podejmowania odpowiedzialności za misję ewangelizacyjną i apostolstwo.
Katecheza jako szansa formowania współczesnej młodzieży
Authors: Panuś Tadeusz
Published: February 2017

Jednym z ważniejszych wydarzeń w najnowszej historii polskiej oświaty było „umożliwienie z dniem 1 września 1990 roku nauczania religii w szkole”, po 30­‑letniej przerwie. W roku szkolnym 2015/2016 z tego prawa korzysta 28 kościołów i związków wyznaniowych, w tym Kościół rzymsko­‑katolicki.Niniejszy artykuł ukazuje, że nauczanie religii w szkole zawsze było związane z edukacją, poczynając od starożytności. Trzeba podkreślić, iż w czasie, gdy państwa przejmowały troskę o edukacje, religia została wprowadzona do szkoły jako przedmiot obowiązkowy. Było to dzieło oświecenia, które trudno podejrzewać o życzliwość wobec Kościoła czy chrześcijaństwa. Wobec procesów zachodzących w polskiej religijności, szkolna katecheza staje się jedną z najważniejszych przestrzeni przekazu wiary, służy formacji ludzkiej i chrześcijańskiej młodego człowieka, jest realizacją zasady podwójnej wierności: Bogu i człowiekowi.Z perspektywy minionych lat nauczania religii w polskiej szkole, jak najbardziej zasadną jest teza, iż nauczanie religii w szkole bywa katechizacją, bywa ewangelizacją, ale zawsze jest służbą człowiekowi, a więc służy chrześcijańskiej i ludzkiej formacji młodego człowieka.
Religijność a postawy moralne polskiej młodzieży. Refleksja psychologiczno­‑pastoralna
Authors: Dziedzic Jan
Published: February 2017

Wszystkie badania wśród młodzieży wskazują na istniejący trend obniżenia się praktyk religijnych oraz pluralizacji światopoglądów, co prowadzi do indywidualizacji wartości. Często wybór norm postępowania nie opiera się już na religii, ale wiąże się z własnymi preferencjami i interesem.Wśród młodzieży polskiej można dostrzec wyraźny spadek praktyk religijnych. Z badań wynika, że od roku 1996 do 2013 zmniejszył się on prawie o 20 proc., zaś liczba respondentów deklarująca całkowity ich brak wzrosła o 7 proc. Wraz ze słabnącym zaangażowaniem religijnym pojawia się tendencja liberalnego podejścia do podstawowych zasad moralnych. Uwidacznia się on bardzo wyraźnie w braku respektowania zasad etyki seksualnej. Zdecydowana większość młodzieży popiera współżycie przed ślubem (84,4 proc.) i antykoncepcję (75,8 proc.). Widoczny jest też brak respektu wobec ludzkiego życia, co przejawia się w akceptacji aborcji i eutanazji.Przedstawione badania, pokazujące spadek zaangażowania religijnego i związanego z nim zliberalizowania postaw moralnych, nie muszą jednak stanowić stałego trendu. Jest on możliwy do odwrócenia. Szansę na to daje choćby rozwój nowych ruchów i wspólnot religijnych. Te ostatnie mogą przyczynić się do Nowej Ewangelizacji, która winna objąć także kształtowanie postaw moralnych, w oparciu o rozwój dojrzałego sumienia, pogłębienia życia duchowego i chrześcijańskiego sposobu myślenia.
Jugend und Kirche in Deutschland – Eine pastoraltheologische Skizze
Authors: Müller Philipp
Published: February 2017

Dieser Beitrag stellt zunächst dar, was heutige Jugendliche in Deutschland, von denen weniger als ein Drittel katholisch getauft ist, über Glaube und Kirche denken. Anschließend kommt die breite Praxis der Jugendpastoral in Deutschland zur Sprache, aber auch theoretische Konzepte, denen sie sich verpflichtet weiß. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Plädoyer, sich als Seelsorger auf die Jugendlichen von heute und ihre existentiellen Fragen wirklich einzulassen.
Jugendarbeitslosigkeit – eine große sozialethische Herausforderung in Europa
Authors: Wiemeyer Joachim
Published: February 2017

Nach der weltweiten Finanzkrise 2007/2008 ist die Jugendarbeitslosigkeit in vielen europäischen Ländern stark gestiegen, während sie in einigen Ländern (Deutschland, Österreich) gering blieb oder gar sank. Ein verpasster Berufseinstieg kann für die Biographie junger Menschen gravierende Konsequenzen haben und ihr Vertrauen in die politische und wirtschaftliche Ordnung herabsetzen. Daher sind kurzfristige Überbrückungsmaßnahmen für die aktuell Betroffenen nötig. Langfristig kommt es zudem in vielen europäischen Ländern mit hoher Jugendarbeitslosigkeit darauf an, durch eine bessere Verzahnung von Ausbildungs- und Beschäftigungssystem den Berufseinstieg der jungen Generation zu gewährleisten.
Challenges in the Real Estate Industry La Serena-Chile
Authors: Cabana Villca Segundo Ricardo , Caroca Rivera Ruth , López Mánquez Ana
Published: February 2017

The research focuses on identifying and analyzing the variables that influence the achievement of emotional bond between customers and real estate companies in La Serena, Chile. Objective, subjective and relational, loyalty and finally the emotional bond, creating five hypotheses relating these components, and were validated with a significant sample: For this a causal model that relates the three components of value was constructed customers. The method of structural models used through based on covariance (MBC) method to test these hypotheses. Concluding that the emotional bond client-company only achieved if loyalty is achieved through systemic management of the three components of value, becoming a driving effect on the decision buying a second home in the same company.  La investigación se centró en identificar y analizar las variables que influyen en el logro de vínculo emocional entre los clientes y las empresas inmobiliarias de La Serena, Chi­le. Para esto se construyó un modelo causal que relaciona los tres componentes del valor: Objetivo, Subjetivo y Relacional, la fidelización y el vínculo emocional con la empresa, creando cinco hipótesis que relacionan estos componentes, y validándolas con una muestra significativa de clientes. Para contrastar estas hipótesis se utilizó la técnica de ecuaciones estructurales a través del método basado en covarianza (MBC). Concluyendo que el vínculo emocional cliente-empresa solo se alcanza si se logra fidelización a través de la gestión sistémica de los tres componentes del valor, convirtiéndose en un efecto impulsor en la decisión compra de una segunda vivienda en la misma empresa.  A investigação se concentra em identificar e analisar as variáveis que influenciam a realização da ligação emocional entre clientes e empresas do setor imobiliário em La Serena, Chile. Objetiva, subjetiva e relacional, lealdade e, finalmente, a ligação emocional com a empresa, criando cinco hipóteses relativas desses componentes, e foram validados com uma amostra significativa: Para este um modelo causal que relaciona os três componentes do valor foi construído clientes. o método de modelos estruturais utilizados pela baseado em covariância método (MBC) para testar essas hipóteses. Concluindo que a ligação emocional cliente-empresa só alcançado se a lealdade é conseguida através de uma gestão sistêmica dos três componentes do valor, tornando-se um efeito de condução sobre a decisão de comprar uma segunda casa na mesma empresa.
Staat am Draht
Authors: Seibel Benjamin
Published: February 2017

Eine Hierarchie von Beamten, so bemerkte einst Max Weber, erledige ihre Angelegenheiten «sachlich, präzis, ‹seelenlos› […], wie jede Maschine». Die unrühmliche Dialektik einer technisierten Verwaltung: Im Versuch, sich von menschlichen Schwächen freizumachen, läuft sie Gefahr, immer unmenschlicher zu werden. Als Leitbild und Medium sozialer Steuerung sind Maschinen gleichwohl immer wirkmächtig geblieben. Kein Staatssekretär, der nicht insgeheim von der reibungslosen Effizienz einer Behörde träumte, in der «alle Räder und Triebwerke auf das genaueste in einander passen». In den Stürmen technischer Disruption aber geraten auch Regierungsmaschinen unter Handlungsdruck: Ein Verwaltungsapparat, der anschlussfähig bleiben möchte, muss seine Operationen immer wieder im Lichte der Handlungsoptionen prüfen, die sich durch neue technische Dispositive eröffnen.
Ökologische Kommunikation. Heinrich Mendelssohns Nachlass
Authors: Schrire Ray
Published: February 2017

Man könnte sich darüber wundern, in der Sammlung eines angesehenen Professors der Zoologie, der auch als der «Urvater der Umweltschutzbewegung Israels» gilt, eine Karikatur zu entdecken; doch wenn man sich vor Augen hält, dass es zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts wesentlich praktischer war, von einem observierten Vogel oder einer unter dem Mikroskop untersuchten Zelle schnell eine Skizze anzufertigen, als ein Foto zu machen, dann versteht man, warum so viele frühe Zoologen hervorragende Zeichner waren (Abb. 1).