bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fumaran dimetylu w leczeniu postaci rzutowo-remisyjnej stwardnienia rozsianego – opis przypadku
Authors: Wnuk Marcin
Published: March 2024

Opis przypadku przedstawia historię obecnie 38-letniej kobiety, u której 15 lat temu rozpoznano postać rzutowo-remisyjną stwardnienia rozsianego. Wówczas w badaniu metodą rezonansu magnetycznego mózgu uwidoczniono zmiany demielinizacyjne w lokalizacji nad- i podnamiotowej, a w płynie mózgowo-rdzeniowym stwierdzono obecność prążków oligoklonalnych. Pacjentka zdecydowała się na leczenie modyfikujące przebieg choroby dopiero w 2018 r. po ciężkim rzucie móżdżkowo-rdzeniowym, kiedy wdrożono terapię fumaranem dimetylu w ramach programu lekowego NFZ. W ciągu kolejnych 5 lat u pacjentki uzyskano status NEDA-3 (brak nowych rzutów choroby, brak nowych zmian demielinizacyjnych w kontrolnych corocznych badaniach metodą rezonansu magnetycznego mózgu oraz brak cech progresji niepełnosprawności w skali EDSS). W kontekście opisu przypadku przedstawiono wybrane aspekty leczenia postaci rzutowo-remisyjnej stwardnienia rozsianego fumaranem dimetylu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem profilu prognostycznego przebiegu choroby oraz planów prokreacyjnych.
Stosowanie fumaranu dimetylu jako pierwszy wybór u kobiety z postacią rzutowo-remisyjną stwardnienia rozsianego w wieku rozrodczym – opis przypadku
Authors: Jamroz-Wiśniewska Anna , Rejdak Konrad
Published: March 2024

Postać rzutowo-remisyjna stwardnienia rozsianego często występuje u młodych kobiet w wieku rozrodczym, w związku z czym leczenie modulujące przebieg choroby zapobiegające jej progresji, które umożliwia koncepcję bez wcześniejszego przerywania terapii, jest korzystne szczególnie w tej grupie pacjentek. Przedstawiamy przypadek młodej kobiety, która przyjmuje fumaran dimetylu od 2018 r. Wówczas, w wieku 20 lat, po rozpoznaniu postaci rzutowo-remisyjnej stwardnienia rozsianego, rozpoczęto u pacjentki leczenie fumaranem dimetylu. Po ok. 1,5 roku terapii pacjentka zaszła w ciążę i odstawiła lek. Urodziła dwoje zdrowych dzieci z przerwami w terapii fumaranem dimetylu. Z powodu rzutu choroby w okresie połogu i karmienia piersią wdrożono terapię pomostową octanem glatirameru. Obecnie pacjentka wraca do terapii fumaranem dimetylu. Terapia fumaranem dimetylu pozwoliła pacjentce na urodzenie dwojga zdrowych dzieci bez konieczności odstawienia leku przed koncepcją.
Proximate Composition and Heavy Metal Content of Edible Seaweed from Kappaphycus alvarezii and Caulerpa cf. macrodisca ecad corynephora
Authors: Ajik Kingpu O. , Tahıluddın Albaris
Published: March 2024

Edible seaweeds, such as Kappaphycus and Caulerpa genera, have been popularly consumed for centuries by the local people in the Tawi-Tawi, Philippines. This study examined the proximate composition and heavy metal contents of two edible seaweeds, namely Kappaphycus alvarezii (KA) (Rhodophyta) and Caulerpa cf. macrodisca ecad corynephora (CMC) (Chlorophyta), which are readily available in the public market of Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines. The results revealed significant differences in their proximate compositions. The moisture content was remarkably higher in KA (16.96±0.02 g.100-1g) than that of CMC (10.49±0.08 g.100-1g). CMC contained significantly more crude protein (7.14±0.80 g.100-1g) than KA (2.73±0.40 g.100-1g). The carbohydrate content of KA (44.82±0.34 g.100-1g) was significantly higher than that of CMC (38.09±0.71 g.100-1g). The ash content was notably greater in CMC (44.00±0.66 g.100-1g) than in KA (34.91±0.39 g.100-1g). The total fat content was substantially higher (p≤0.05) in KA (0.60±0.30 g.100-1g) than in CMC (0.28±0.01 g.100-1g). The heavy metal contents (mg.kg-1) followed the order of K > Zn > Fe > Pb > Cu > Mn > Cd for KA and Zn > Mn > Pb > K > Fe > Cu > Cd for CMC. Fe, K, Cu, and Cd were significantly higher in KA than in CMC, while Zn, Mn, and Pb were remarkably higher in CMC than in KA. However, all these heavy metals were found to be within safe limits of WHO, the US (EPA and FDA), and EMA. These findings underscore the importance of considering these factors in seaweed consumption, affirming their enduring significance in human diets.
Negatywne oddziaływanie polityki ewaluacyjnej jednostek naukowych na jakość polskiej nauki. Perspektywa Mertonowskiego etosu naukowego
Authors: Kulikowski Konrad
Published: March 2024

Główne pytanie badawcze prezentowanego artykułu brzmi: czy polska polityka ewaluacji jednostek naukowych wpływa na podnoszenie poziomu nauki w polskich instytucjach naukowych? Przyjęto założenie, iż warunkiem jakości nauki jako działalności ukierunkowanej na generowanie nowej wiedzy jest etos naukowy oparty na czterech imperatywach Roberta K. Mertona: uniwersalizmie, wspólnotowości, bezinteresowności i zorganizowanym sceptycyzmie. Polityka, która za cel stawia sobie podnoszenie jakości nauki, powinna promować i wzmacniać postępowanie zgodne z normami etosu naukowego. Przeprowadzona analiza porównawcza pomiędzy normami Mertona a normami postępowania, które wymusza polityka ewaluacji, ujawniła, iż zasady ewaluacji jednostek naukowych nie sprzyjają kształtowaniu się norm etosu naukowego, a często są z nimi sprzeczne. Paradoksalnie, procedury ewaluacji stworzone do promowania jakości polskiej nauki prowadzą do obniżania jakości działalności naukowej. Jeśli celem polskiej nauki ma być generowanie nowej wiedzy, a nie tylko zapewnienie awansu społecznego, należy przeformułować zasady polityki ewaluacji jednostek naukowych tak, aby zwiększyć ich zgodność z normami etosu naukowego.
Evaluation of the risk of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs in healthcare sector: part II – the application of the FMECA method to compare manual vs automated preparation
Authors: Dugheri Stefano , Cappelli Giovanni , Squillaci Donato , Rapi Ilaria , Fanfani Niccolò , Dori Fabrizio , Cecchi Michele , Sordi Viola , Ghiori Andrea , Mucci Nicola
Published: March 2024

Healthcare workers handling antineoplastic drugs (ADs) in preparation units run the risk of occupational exposure to contaminated surfaces and associated mutagenic, teratogenic, and oncogenic effects of those drugs. To minimise this risk, automated compounding systems, mainly robots, have been replacing manual preparation of intravenous drugs for the last 20 years now, and their number is on the rise. To evaluate contamination risk and the quality of the working environment for healthcare workers preparing ADs, we applied the Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) method to compare the acceptable risk level (ARL), based on the risk priority number (RPN) calculated from five identified failure modes, with the measured risk level (MRL). The model has shown higher risk of exposure with powdered ADs and containers not protected by external plastic shrink film, but we found no clear difference in contamination risk between manual and automated preparation. This approach could be useful to assess and prevent the risk of occupational exposure for healthcare workers coming from residual cytotoxic contamination both for current handling procedures and the newly designed ones. At the same time, contamination monitoring data can be used to keep track of the quality of working conditions by comparing the observed risk profiles with the proposed ARL. Our study has shown that automated preparation may have an upper hand in terms of safety but still leaves room for improvement, at least in our four hospitals.
Polychlorinated biphenyls in mussels, small pelagic fish, tuna, turtles, and dolphins from the Croatian Adriatic Sea waters: an overview of the last two decades of monitoring
Authors: Herceg Romanić Snježana , Mendaš Gordana , Fingler Sanja , Drevenkar Vlasta , Mustać Bosiljka , Jovanović Gordana
Published: March 2024

This review summarises our two decades of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) monitoring in different marine organisms along the eastern Adriatic Sea. The aim was to gain an insight into the trends of PCB distribution in order to evaluate the effectiveness of past and current legislation and suggest further action. Here we mainly focus on PCB levels in wild and farmed Mediterranean mussels, wild and farmed bluefin tuna, loggerhead sea turtles, common bottlenose dolphins, and small pelagic fish. The use of artificial intelligence and advanced statistics enabled an insight into the influence of various variables on the uptake of PCBs in the investigated organisms as well as into their mutual dependence. Our findings suggest that PCBs in small pelagic fish and mussels reflect global pollution and that high levels in dolphins and wild tuna tissues raise particular concern, as they confirm their biomagnification up the food chain. Therefore, the ongoing PCB monitoring should focus on predatory species in particular to help us better understand PCB contamination in marine ecosystems in our efforts to protect the environment and human health.
Nanoplastics increase in vitro oestrogenic activity of neurotherapeutic drugs
Authors: Božičević Lucija , Vrček Valerije , Peranić Nikolina , Kalčec Nikolina , Vrček Ivana Vinković
Published: March 2024

Environmental pollution with plastic nanoparticles (PNPs) has rendered hazard assessment of unintentional human exposure to neurotherapeutic drugs through contaminated water and food ever more complicated. Due to their small size, PNPs can easily enter different cell types and cross different biological barriers, while their high surface-to-volume ratio enables higher adsorption of chemicals. This is how PNPs take the role of a Trojan horse as they enhance bioaccumulation of many different pollutants. One of the health concerns related to water pollution with neurotherapeutic drugs is endocrine disruption, already evidenced for the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (Cbz) and antidepressant fluoxetine (Flx). Our study aimed to evaluate endocrine disrupting effects of Cbz and Flx in mixtures with polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) using the in vitro luciferase assay to measure oestrogen receptor activity in T47D-KBluc cells treated with Cbz-PSNPs or Flx-PSNPs mixtures and compare it with the activities observed in cells treated with individual mixture components (Cbz, Flx, or PSNPs). Dose ranges used in the study were 0.1–10 mg/L, 1–100 µmol/L, and 0.1–10 µmol/L for PSNPs, Cbz, and Flx, respectively. Our findings show that none of the individual components activate oestrogen receptors, while the mixtures induce oestrogen receptor activity starting with 0.1 mg/L for PSNPs, 10 µmol/L for Cbz, and 0.5 µmol/L for Flx. This is the first study to evidence that PSNPs increase oestrogen receptor activity induced by neurotherapeutic drugs at their environmentally relevant concentrations and calls for urgent inclusion of complex mixtures in health hazard assessments to inform regulatory response.
Automatic Landing Control of Aircraft Based on Cognitive Load Theory and DDPG
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Changyuan
Published: March 2024

The keypoint of autonomous driving technology is the accurate instructions maked by desicision-makers based on the perception information. Human plays an important role in the decision-makers. The cognitive load is usually used to quantify the impact of human-computer interaction during flighting. In this paper, we proposed a innovate automatic landing control method based on the cognitive load theory and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient. Different to the traditional algorithm which heavily relays on an accurate model, the reinforcement learning algorithm is used to design the control strategy in the proposed method. And an improved DDPG algorithm is proposed based on the impact of cognitive load, to improve the training efficiency of the DDPG algorithm and reduce the correlation between data. And construct a human-machine reinforcement learning model. The final position, mean square error of pitch angle, and standard deviation of the aircraft gradually decrease with the number of iterations and tend to 0, indicating that the aircraft is gradually stabilizing its landing. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model can greatly improve the longitudinal stability of the aircraft.
The Time-Sensitive Networking Scheduling Algorithm Based on Q-learning
Authors: Zhao Jiayi , Cheng Jing
Published: March 2024

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) occupies a vital position in modern communication domains, with the 802.1Qbv standard being an important network technology designed to meet real-time requirements. This standard requires network traffic to be transmitted within strict time windows, presenting challenges in network planning, necessitating efficient resource allocation and scheduling strategies. This paper addresses the 802.1Qbv planning problem through the introduction of reinforcement learning algorithms, offering an automated and intelligent solution. We have designed a reinforcement learning agent capable of perceiving network status, learning optimal resource allocation strategies, and dynamically adjusting in real-time environments. Through simulation and experimentation, we have validated the effectiveness of our proposed method, comparing it with traditional planning approaches. The contribution of this study lies in introducing a novel solution to the 802.1Qbv planning problem for time-sensitive networks, enhancing network resource utilization and performance. This approach offers strong support for the development and enhancement of TSN-like networks, holding significant importance for meeting the growing demands of real-time applications.
Relationship Between Vehicle Price and its Safety Ratings
Authors: Vilem Kovac , Alexandros Sahinidis , Panagiota Xanthopoulou
Published: March 2024

The objective of the paper is to determine the relationship between a vehicle price and its safety ratings in the Czech Republic for vehicles sold and newly registered in the year 2022. The data collection was performed using content analysis. It was found that in 2022, Škoda Auto vehicles accounted for more than 35 % of all newly registered vehicles in the Czech Republic. The evaluation of vehicle safety was performed on the basis of results published on the EuroNCAP server. The findings were used as a basis for performing cluster analysis and correlation analysis of the data obtained. The analysis shows that even though safety plays an important role in the automotive industry, vehicle price is not a decisive factor in achieving higher safety ratings. The findings of this paper have a significant impact on consumers and automotive, showing that the price difference between vehicles does not necessarily correlate with different levels of safety. The limitation of this paper is its focus on the Czech Republic only, which may influence the generalization of the results to other markets.
Sustainable Human Resource Management on Professional Identity and Job Performance of University Lecturers by Appointment System in China
Authors: Zongyu Yao , Chienwattanasook Krisada
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of sustainable human resource management (SHRM) on professional identity and job performance of university lecturers by appointment system in China.
 
Method: A qualitative study was conducted through interviews with eight respondents from eight public undergraduate universities in China selected by purposive method. Content analysis and NVivo test version were used to analyze and interpret the data.
 
Result and Conclusion: The findings reveal that Recruitment and retention of professionals, Maintenance of healthy and motivated professionals, and Development of professionals' skills have effects on professional identity and job performance of university lecturers by appointment system in China. Moreover, Development of professionals’ skills is related to Maintenance of healthy and motivated professionals, which is reflected in recruitment and retention of professionals. When recruitment and retention of professionals is higher, it reflects higher professional identity and job performance of lecturers.
 
Research Implications: SHRM on professional identity and job performance of university lecturers model consists of Recruitment and retention of professionals, Maintenance of healthy and motivated professionals and Development of professional’s skills.
 
Originality/Value: The study examined three dimensions of sustainable human resource management and concluded that sustainable human resource management (SHRM) not only helps to improve the work performance of university teacher within the appointment system, but also strengthens their professional identity.
«Є РЯДКИ ПІСЕННІ ВІЧНІ Й РИМИ В НИХ – ОМОНІМІЧНІ»
Authors: КОЛОЇЗ Жанна
Published: March 2024

Анотація. У статті відповідно до мети окреслено лексико-семантичне й функційно-прагматичне навантаження омонімів в омонімічних римах; уточнено сутність понять омонімічна / тавтологічна рима в лінгвістичному ракурсі, з’ясовано їх диференційні ознаки. Методологія. Дослідження ґрунтовано на потрактуванні й диференціації омонімічних і тавтологічних рим у парадигмі вітчизняної лінгвістичної римології (лінгвокогнітивний підхід), описі омонімічних рим у формальних і лексико-семантичних зв’язках (системно-структурний підхід), розгляді омонімічних римокомпонентів в аспекті звукового, смислового, функційного і прагматичного потенціалу (функційно-прагматичний підхід). Новизна. Уперше оприявнено дискусійні моменти лінгвістичної теорії омонімічної рими; запропоновано їх типологію на основі лексико-семантичного й граматичного критеріїв; омовлено прагматичні настанови, пов’язані з функційним навантаженням римокомпонентів і проблемами їх перекладу. Висновки. Попри наявні спроби багатоаспектного аналізу проблематики лінгвістичної римології, репрезентацію римового простору через складне переплетіння римових зв’язків, залишається ще чимало дискусійних моментів. До таких уналежнено й суперечності щодо лінгвістичного витлумачення понять «омонімічна рима» / «тавтологічна рима», з’ясування їх сутності, інтегральних і диференційних ознак. Яскравим ілюстративним матеріалом для розв’язання окреслених проблем можуть слугувати двовірші Б. Кравцева, що об’єднані під назвою «Тавторими» і які насправді засвідчують зразки не тавтологічних, а омонімічних рим. Римовані омопари не є однорідними ні в плані лексико-семантичних, ні в плані граматичних характеристик, що уможливлює диференціацію омоформних, омофонних, омографних рим, компоненти яких демонструють різну частиномовну належність.
УКРАЇНСЬКІ СЛОВОТВІРНІ ФЕМІНА(І)ТИВИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРИНЦИПУ АНТРОПОЦЕНТРИЗМУ
Authors: ФЕДУРКО Марія , КОТОВИЧ Віра
Published: March 2024

Анотація. У статті активну ділянку сучасного словотворення – фемінізацію – розглянуто з позицій антропоцентризму як одного з визначальних принципів нинішньої мовознавчої науки. Його сутність корелює з тезою: пізнати мову, абстрагувавшись цілковито від людини, її носія й творця, неможливо, так само як пізнати людину, її духовний світ поза її мовою (мовленням). У контексті досліджуваної проблеми засвідчено незмінно високий упродовж останнього пів століття інтерес дослідників до творення й функціонування назв осіб жіночої статі, а також до чинників, лінгвальних і екстралінгвальних, які ці процеси стимулюють чи, навпаки, сповільнюють. Відзначено природність цього типу назв у лексичній системі української мови, їхню тисячолітню вкоріненість у питомий мовний ґрунт, а значить, і історичну тяглість, бо концепти ЧОЛОВІК і ЖІНКА належать до визначальних в україномовній картині світу. Підтверджено, що новітні феміна(і)тиви, як і похідні одиниці словника загалом, своєю словотвірною структурою актуалізують значущі для соціуму об’єкти й ділянки позамовної дійсності, фіксують способи та напрямки їх осмислення й оцінки, віддзеркалюють зміни в зовнішньому щодо мови світі. Показано, що новітні феміна(і)тиви (а це здебільшого назви жінок за професією, посадою, родом заняття, званням) перебувають на вістрі суспільної уваги й мають як своїх прихильників, так і критиків, особливо через неоковирність, немилозвучність деяких із них. Наголошено, що впорядкування підсистеми назв осіб жіночої статі вимагає від відповідальних мовців виваженого підходу. Бо, з одного боку, жінка як активний член сучасного суспільства не має бути непомітною в мові, а з іншого – за її лексичного окреслення недопустиме жодне зі структурно-системних порушень, що могло б спровокувати негативну емоцію чи пейоративну оцінку.
Jegybanki politika és kommunikáció a feltörekvő országokban: A nagy felzárkózás
Authors: Nagy Mohácsi Piroska , Evdokimova Tatiana , Ponomarenko Olga , Ribakova Elina
Published: March 2024

A feltörekvő országok jegybankjai az utóbbi két évtized során rendkívüli előrehaladást tettek mind szakmai politikájuk, mind kommunikációjuk továbbfejlesztése terén. A központi bankok átláthatósága rendkívül látványosan javult; az általuk közzétett nyilatkozatok a fejlett gazdaságokénál összességében olvashatóbbak és érthetőbbek; jobban összpontosítják figyelmüket az inflációra; nem egy közülük jobb inflációs előrejelzéseket készít; továbbá kevésbé használják az „előretekintő iránymutatás” (forward guidance) kommunikációs eszközét, ami az adatfüggőség mérséklődését eredményezi. Mindez különösen hasznos volt számukra a Covid-világjárványt követően kialakult magas inflációs időszakban. A feltörekvő országok jegybankjai a közelmúltban két különösen fontos szempontból is felülmúlták a fejlett gazdaságok jegybankjait: a pandémiát követően fellépő inflációs nyomás időben történő kezelése és megfelelő kommunikációja, valamint a monetáris politika szigorítása idején a bankszektort érő stresszhatások elkerülése terén. 2023 elejétől-közepétől – a Fedet és az EKB-t megelőzve – a feltörekvő országok jegybankjai lazítani kezdtek, bár monetáris politikájuk végső tesztje az lesz, hogy tartósan le tudják-e csökkenteni az inflációs rátájukat. Tanulmányunkban a fentieket vizsgáljuk a jegybanki kommunikáció szemszögéből, a mesterséges intelligencia (MI) újszerű módszereinek alkalmazásával. Elemzésünket a feltörekvő és fejlett országok jegybankjai számára egyaránt hasznos szakpolitikai tanulságok levonásával zárjuk.
Pénzforgalmi likviditás a jegybanki eszköztár változásainak tükrében
Authors: Kollár Adrián
Published: March 2024

A jelen elemzés a Magyar Nemzeti Bank (MNB) által végrehajtott jegybankieszköztár-változtatásoknak a fizetési rendszer résztvevőinek likviditására gyakorolt hatásait vizsgálja a 2020-tól 2023 első félév végéig terjedő időtávra vonatkozóan. A jegybanki eszköztár jelentős változáson ment keresztül a vizsgált időszakban, reagálva az elmúlt évek gazdasági kihívásaira. Míg a koronavírus-járványból fakadó gazdasági-pénzügyi válság bankközi likviditásbővítő lépéseket követelt meg, úgy a 2022-es évben a monetáris transzmisszió finomhangolása és az árstabilitás elérése, illetve fenntartása érdekében a szabad likviditás szűkítésére irányuló lépesek voltak szükségesek. A vizsgálat során az egyes eszköztár-módosítások fizetésirendszer-likviditásra gyakorolt hatásai kerülnek előtérbe, bemutatva azt is, miért különül el a bankközi likviditás a fizetésirendszer-likviditástól, továbbá melyek tipikusan azon eszköztár-módosítások, melyek jelentős hatással voltak a fizetésirendszer-likviditásra.
Difference in the empathy of undergraduate dental student clinicians
Authors: Balagtas Zeus Nielsen S. , Bacuyag Jemicah Grace Guzman , Cabreros Michelle Jean Santos , Diciano Regine T. , Marquez Patricia Marie Octa , Villaruel Patriza Laine B. , Colina Trinette Chang
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

Empathy has always been a silent factor in the success of a dental practice, but it is seldom emphasized in classes or in clinics. This study seeks to compare the difference in empathy of the undergraduate dental student clinicians based on clinical level and gender.

Material and Methods:

The study was conducted in a Philippine dental school, which produces a significant number of graduates every year and is one of the oldest, thus considered as one of the pioneers of dental education. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Health Profession Students Version questionnaire consists of 20 questions that use a 7-point Likert-type scale to measure respondents’ answers (1 = strongly disagree to 7 = strongly agree). It was placed in Google Forms and disseminated to the undergraduate student clinicians through the official social group platforms of their respective clinic year levels. The total score of each respondent was interpreted using a scale ranging from 20 to 140, with a higher score denoting a higher level of empathy.

Results:

The study included 231 undergraduate student clinicians, 45 of whom were male and 186 of whom were female. Fifty-seven student clinicians represented clinic level one, 94 clinicians represented clinic level two, 41 clinicians represented clinic level three, and 39 clinicians represented clinic level four. The results showed that there is no variation in the empathy scores according to the clinic year level, analysis of variance F = 1.468, P = 0.22. Females scored higher (M = 112.17, standard deviation [SD] = 11.02) than males (M = 106.36, SD = 12.97), t-test F = 1.735, P = 0.04 (two-tailed).

Conclusion:

Empathy based on the clinic year level of the undergraduate dental student clinicians showed no difference. However, it revealed that females scored higher than males.
Influence of diet and nutrition on oral health – A review
Authors: Vadivel Ashwathi Sumathi , Tryphena E. T. Ann , Gowri S.
Published: March 2024

Diet plays an important role in oral health as well as the overall health of the body. Across the world, several dietary patterns are practiced. Oral diseases including dental caries, periodontal disease, tooth loss, oral mucosal lesions, and oropharyngeal malignancies, are serious issues for public health across the world. An improper diet can lead to many problems in the oral cavity. Diet alters both the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. A person’s psychological, social, and emotional well-being is greatly influenced by their experience with pain, missing, discolored, or damaged teeth. Dental decay eventually results in tooth loss, which affects the ability to chew and causes people to avoid hard and fibrous meals including fruits, vegetables, and healthy grains. This review mainly focuses on the influence of dietary patterns on oral health status by analyzing the prevalence of dental caries, tooth wear, and periodontal status in the oral cavity. There is clear evidence of an association between dietary intake and oral diseases, intake of more fruits in the case of vegetarians has an impact on the formation of dental caries and also in tooth wear. In addition to that, nutritional deficiency also plays an important role in causing oral diseases.
The Economic Impact of Treatment Sequences for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the United States: A Cost of Care and Budget Impact Model of Venetoclax Plus Obinutuzumab Sequences
Authors: Davids Matthew , Manzoor Beenish , Hazra Nisha , Fang Honghao , Ravelo Arliene , Han Fang , Guerin Annie , Sail Kavita , Shapouri Sheila , Shadman Mazyar
Published: March 2024

We estimated the total cumulative costs per patient of treatment sequences for adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), with and without deletion 17p, as well as the budget impact of introducing sequences with first-line (1L) venetoclax + obinutuzumab (V+O) from a US payer perspective. Efficacy, treatment-related costs, and epidemiological inputs were informed by clinical trial publications and public data sources. Cumulative costs per patient (2020 US $) were estimated over 10 years. The results indicated that among adults with CLL with deletion 17p, the 10-year cumulative costs of sequences starting with fixed-duration V+O were lower ($935,781-$1,345,96) than those starting with ibrutinib or acalabrutinib ($1,426,924-$1,906,544); similar results were estimated in adults without deletion 17p (V+O: $690,346- $951,633; ibrutinib or acalabrutinib: $1,720,745-$1,976,767). Retreatment with a venetoclax-based regimen after 1L also resulted in treatment sequences with low costs. In a hypothetical 1-million-member health plan, the total budget impact of introducing sequences with 1L fixed-duration V+O led to cost savings of $12.5 and $56.4 million over 5 and 10 years, respectively.
Theoretical foundations and applied aspects of organization management training in universities
Authors: Дмитриев А.Г. , Соминский А.М.
Published: March 2024

В современном мире, где динамика рынков и технологий превышает все ожидания, проблема подготовки кадров менеджмента, способных грамотно управлять организациями различного типа и масштаба, становится ключевой в деятельности любого образовательного учреждения высшего профиля. В данной статье представлен анализ современного состояния преподавания дисциплины «Менеджмент организации» в российских университетах, оценка эффективности используемых подходов к обучению, а также обоснование необходимости дальнейшего совершенствования теоретических основ и практической составляющей данной дисциплины с учетом требований рынка труда. В работе использованы данные мониторинга образовательных программ бакалавриата и магистратуры по направлению «Менеджмент» 10 ведущих российских университетов, анализ отчетов работодателей о дефиците компетенций выпускников ВУЗов, а также результаты анкетирования студентов и преподавателей. Результаты исследования показали, что несмотря на широкий спектр используемых в образовательном процессе интерактивных методик, программы менеджмента организации до сих пор недостаточно учитывают реальные задачи будущей профессиональной деятельности выпускников. Предлагается комплекс мер по модернизации теоретических основ и практической составляющей дисциплины «Менеджмент организации» с целью повышения ее эффективности и реалистичности.

In the modern world, where the dynamics of markets and technologies exceed all expectations, the problem of training management personnel capable of competently managing organizations of various types and scales is becoming a key issue in the activities of any higher education institution. This article presents an analysis of the current state of teaching the discipline "Organization Management" in Russian universities, an assessment of the effectiveness of the approaches used to learning, as well as a justification for the need to further improve the theoretical foundations and practical component of this discipline, taking into account the requirements of the labor market. The work uses data from monitoring bachelor's and master's degree programs in Management at 10 leading Russian universities, analysis of employers' reports on the lack of competencies of university graduates, as well as the results of a survey of students and teachers. The results of the study showed that despite the wide range of interactive techniques used in the educational process, the organization's management programs still do not sufficiently take into account the real tasks of the future professional activity of graduates. A set of measures is proposed to modernize the theoretical foundations and practical component of the discipline "Organization Management" in order to increase its effectiveness and realism.
Tension-Free Repair of Inguinal Hernia with “Undissociate Spermatic Cord”- Case Series
Authors:   Department of Oncological and Laparoscopic Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China, L Zhao , X Song ,   Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin, China, H Li ,   Department of Oncological and Laparoscopic Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China, H Yu ,   Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin, China, Z Li ,   Department of Oncological and Laparoscopic Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China, J Li ,   Department of Oncological and Laparoscopic Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China, J Xu ,   Department of Oncological and Laparoscopic Surgery, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
Published: March 2024

Background: In recent years, with the deepening of the anatomical cognition of the inguinal region and the renewal of the hernia repair concept, inguinal hernia repair has become increasingly mature surgical approach. However, no matter how the hernia repair modes change, the treatment and repair of the hernia ring has always been the focus, so that the treatment of the hernia sac has been neglected. Materials and Methods: From March 2014 to May 2019, there were 132 patients underwent inguinal hernia repair with “Undissociate Spermatic cord” theory (Undissected Spermatic cord and hernia sac, hernia ring and sac exclusion) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and the First Hospital of Harbin. Results: All the operations were completed smoothly. The patients included 126 males and 6 females. There were 74 cases underwent open surgery and 58 cases underwent laparoscopic surgery (TAPP and TEP). In the open group, the mean operation time was 33.4min, and the mean blood loss was 7.1ml. The mean hospitalization time was 4.6d. In the laparoscopic group, the mean operation time was 74.4min, and the mean blood loss was 7.5ml. The mean hospitalization time was 4.7d. There were no complications occurred in our groups. All the patients were followed up for 18~63 months (mean of 41.5 months) without recurrence. Conclusion: Following the “Undissociate Spermatic cord” theory, the inguinal hernia repair could be convenient operation, low complication rate and recurrence rate. The function of spermatic cord was also retained. “Undissociate Spermatic cord” theory is a safe and feasible novel idea for inguinal hernia repair.
In silico screening of LRRK2 WDR domain inhibitors using deep docking and free energy simulations
Authors: Gutkin Evgeny , Gusev Filipp , Gentile Francesco , Ban Fuqiang , Koby S. Benjamin , Narangoda Chamali , Isayev Olexandr , Cherkasov Artem , Kurnikova Maria G.
Published: March 2024

The Critical Assessment of Computational Hit-Finding Experiments (CACHE) Challenge series is focused on identifying small molecule inhibitors of protein targets using computational methods. Each challenge contains two phases, hit-finding and follow-up optimization, each of which is followed by experimental validation of the computational predictions.. For the CACHE Challenge #1, the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) WD40 Repeat (WDR) domain was selected as the target for in silico hit-finding and optimization. Mutations in LRRK2 are the most common genetic cause of familial form of Parkinson's disease. The LRRK2 WDR domain is an understudied drug target with no known molecular inhibitors. Herein we detail the first phase of our winning submission to the CACHE Challenge #1. We developed a framework for the high-throughput structure-based virtual screening of a chemically diverse small molecule space. Hit identification was performed using the large-scale Deep Docking (DD) protocol followed by absolute binding free energy (ABFE) simulations. ABFEs were computed using an automated molecular dynamics (MD)-based thermodynamic integration (TI) approach. 4.1 billion ligands from Enamine REAL were screened with DD followed by ABFEs computed by MD TI for 793 ligands. 76 ligands were prioritized for experimental validation, with 59 compounds successfully synthesized and 5 compounds identified as hits, yielding a 8.5% hit rate. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of the combined DD and ABFE approaches for hit identification for a target with no previously known hits. This approach is widely applicable for the efficient screening of ultra-large chemical libraries as well as rigorous protein-ligand binding affinity estimation leveraging modern computational resources.
A comparative thermodynamic analysis of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) and kalina cycle for low-grade energy resources
Authors: Giuma M. Fellah
Published: March 2024

This work aims to contribute to the issue of producing electrical power and reducing the emissions of gases into the atmosphere by utilizing low grade energy sources such as solar energy, geothermal energy and the energy that is rejected from industrial processes. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and Kalina are two cycles used to utilize low-grade energy sources. Each of them differs in the structure and in the working fluids. The organic Rankine cycle uses organic materials as working fluids, such as benzene, R-600a, methanol, propane, R-245f, i-pentane and ammonia while Kalina cycle uses a mixture of ammonia and water as a working fluid. A comparative analysis is implemented to study the thermodynamic performance of the proposed cycles. For the organic cycles, the analysis reveals that benzene and methanol have the best thermodynamic performance compared to the other tested organic fluids. The thermodynamic findings of the organic Rankine cycles are compared with those obtained from the thermodynamic analysis of Kalina cycle of a binary solution of 70% ammonia and 30% water. For instance, the results showed that the methanol and benzene cycles are more efficient than Kalina cycle where the exergy and energy efficiencies of Kalina amounted to 9.41% and 6.224%, while the exergy and energy efficiencies of methanol cycle (ORC) were 18.85% and 12.83%, respectively.
Perceptions of community leaders with respect to workforce skills in the caribbean region
Authors: Robert W. Robertson , Peter M. Paul
Published: March 2024

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing the workplace and the skills employees need to participate in today's global economy. There are many articles on the growing skills gap and the need to build capacity to develop and retain competitive advantage as individuals, firms and countries. This research paper is a preliminary step in assessing the skills gap in the Caribbean region using a mixed method approach including a survey and semi-structured interviews with members of Rotary International. Members of Rotary International were selected for the research as they are community leaders and have experience promoting the importance of vocational training. The research suggests that there are skills gaps across the Caribbean and that there is a need for additional structured, flexible, industry certified training to build workforce capacity in the region.
Assessing the influence of reward system on employee performance in the public sector: A case study of the department of human resource management and development in Malawi
Authors: Deliby Maliralira , Muthuvel Laxmikanthan
Published: March 2024

The role of employees in the performance of an organization is mostly attributed to how performance evaluation, recognition and relevant information are managed. The central concern of this paper is to examine the effect of remuneration frameworks as an inspiration apparatus for employee performance in the public sector in Malawi. The findings of this investigation can be utilized to explore various elements of remuneration frameworks to analyze their effect on worker execution, representative fulfilment and motivation. The study adopts a descriptive research design, which consolidates both quantitative and qualitative exploration methods. The target population comprises 400 employees, selected on a proportional basis, belonging to top and middle-level management from all departments at Capitol Hill in Lilongwe. According to the findings of the study, the majority of workers were unhappy with their salaries. The results of the analysis have shown that incentives such as vacations, promotions, food coupons, and on-call payments have little effect on employee happiness. The regression analysis shows that acknowledgement, incentives, preparation, and publicly traded company results, are positively and substantially associated. The study suggests that staff packages can be based on their qualifications, success, and years of professional experience.
Analysis of the Effects of Local Injection of Epinephrine and Lidocaine on Postoperative Pain and Bleeding in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy
Authors: Li Ruijue
Published: March 2024

Objective: To explore the effects of local injection of epinephrine and lidocaine on postoperative pain and bleeding in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Methods: Sixty-eight children who underwent a tonsillectomy in our hospital from March 2019 to October 2020 were selected. The children were randomly divided into two groups of 34 cases each. The observation group received local anesthetic injections of lidocaine and the control group received local anesthetic injections of epinephrine. The postoperative pain, operation time, blood pressure changes, and intraoperative blood loss of the two groups of children were observed and analyzed. Results: The postoperative pain, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss scores of the children in the observation group were 4.36 ± 0.69, 0.36 ± 0.09, and 39.36 ± 1.78 respectively, which were significantly better than those of the children in the control group (P < 0.05) at 5.36 ± 0.77, 0.79 ± 0.05, and 45.36 ± 1.56, respectively. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the observation group 3 minutes before surgery and 180 minutes after surgery were no different from those of the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Local injection of epinephrine and lidocaine effectively relieved postoperative pain and reduced bleeding in children undergoing tonsillectomy as compared to epinephrine alone.
Analysis of the Clinical Interventions for Falls in Elderly Patients in the Community From 2002 To 2022: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxiao , Zhang Yue , Gu Fen
Published: March 2024

Objective: To analyze and provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients in the community. Methods: The search for publications related to clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients in the community from 2002 to 2022 was conducted on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix” were used to conduct this bibliometric analysis. Results: 2091 articles from 70 countries, primarily the United States and Australia, were included. The number of publications related to clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients is increasing yearly. The main research institutions in this field were the University of Sydney, Harvard University, and the University of California. BioMed Central (BMC) Geriatrics was the most popular journal in this field and Journals of the American Geriatrics Society was the most co-cited journal. These publications came from 8984 authors among which author Lord SR had published the most papers and author Tinetti Me had the most co-citations. The main keywords in this research field were “balance,” “exercise,” and “risk factor.” Conclusion: This was the first bibliometric study that comprehensively summarized the research hot spots and development of clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients in the community. This paper aims to provide a reference for scholars and researchers in this particular field.
E-COMMERCE PLATFORM AS A HALAL LIFE STYLE ECOSYSTEM INNOVATION OF THE MAQASHID SHARIAH APPROACH
Authors: Imani Safarinda , Mi'raj Denizar Abdurrahman , Bawana Tate Agape , Malik Abdul Rehman
Published: March 2024

Information technology in the current era of globalization has a significant and positive impact on several business actors to produce and market halal lifestyle goods and services for a wider scale and market reach. The presence of information technology has created many business opportunities to introduce a halal lifestyle. In fact, the internet is very instrumental in these significant changes, especially in the process of transforming business towards digitalization. This condition decreases the cost of interaction and transformation and increases the amount of revenue. Interaction activities become easier because there is no need to be physically present or in person. In addition, it will bring up more alternative and cheaper options for achievement and wider opportunities. Online platforms such as sharia e-commerce can be used to meet sharia-based needs as well as achieve the goals of maqashid sharia and as a means of education to find out about the world's economy. Therefore, the researcher made a topic about sharia e-commerce innovation with halal products and education on the international level so that they can compete fairly with sharia principles. There is an e-commerce regulatory body so that nothing happens, such as selling goods that are not allowed. religion and do not commit criminal acts such as usury, cheating and hoarding. With a solution to every problem faced by sharia e-commerce from the seller and buyer side, the maqashid sharia approach will hedge the value of religion, soul, mind, descent, and property. Apart from the specialities, buyers and sellers are entitled to education about the Islamic economy, and updated news around the world is the subject of this qualitative research methodology.
FINTECH FOR SDGS: DRIVING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THROUGH FINANCIAL INNOVATION
Authors: Wicaksana Dwi Yoga
Published: March 2024

This research delves into the pivotal role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in advancing the financial sector, sustainable development, and financial inclusion. Employing a descriptive-qualitative approach and the systematic literature review (SLR) method, the study investigates FinTech's interplay with Sustainable Development, Financial Inclusion, and Economic Development globally. A meticulous Scopus search utilizing keywords like "Fintech," "SDGs," "Financial Inclusion," and "Economic Development" ensures a thorough review of pertinent literature. The results underscore FinTech's substantial impact on Sustainable Development, Financial Inclusion, and Economic Development, acting as a crucial catalyst for financial inclusion and mediating sustainable growth through financial literacy. Furthermore, FinTech exhibits the potential to underpin sustainable economic growth, financial inclusion, and Economic Development by enhancing financial service accessibility, reducing poverty, and fostering gender equality. Challenges persist, particularly in the Pacific region, where issues of accessibility, awareness, literacy, and trust impede FinTech adoption. The study advocates for awareness campaigns, financial education, and infrastructure development to surmount these obstacles. In conclusion, while FinTech significantly influences financial inclusion and economic growth, its broader impact on Sustainable Development, Financial Inclusion, and Economic Development necessitates careful consideration. The research emphasizes the imperative for interdisciplinary collaboration, global cooperation, and vigilant strategies to address challenges and leverage opportunities arising from the rapid integration of digital financial services for inclusive and sustainable Economic Development.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal SPLDV Berdasarkan Newman’s Error Analysis ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Karunia Yehes Kiel Noval , Ariyanto Lilik , Prayito Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan SMP Nusaputra Semarang dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kesalahan dan faktor penyebab kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa kelas VIII dalam meneyelesaikan soal SPLDV berdasarkan Newman’s Error Analysis yang ditinjau dari gaya kognitif Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri 4 siswa kelas VIII dengan 2 siswa perempuan dan 2 siswa laki-laki. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes tertulis dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan 3 tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dilakukan melalui triangulasi waktu yaitu dengan cara pengecekan melakukan pengecekan dengan wawancara, observasi, atau teknik lain dalam waktu atau situasi yang berbeda. Analisis data dikembangkan dengan berdasarkan indikator Newman’s Error Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siswa dengan gaya kognitif reflektif tidak melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaian soal SPLDV, sedangkan Siswa dengan gaya kognitif impulsif melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaian soal SPLDV pada indikator ketrampilan proses (Processing Skills) dan kesalahan pada indikator kemamapuan mengkode (Encoding Ability).