bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cinco años del estallido social: diez tesis sobre la transformación sociocultural en Chile
Authors: Frei Raimundo
Published: October 2024

El artículo describe diez tesis sobre la transformación socio-cultural que venía aconteciendo en Chile antes del estallido social, para luego explorar en la forma como ellas se relacionan con los eventos desencadenados en octubre de 2019, y en cómo se han desarrollado hasta el presente. Todas las tesis apuntan a que Chile experimentó profundas y aceleradas transformaciones antes del estallido. Se sugiere que la comprensión de las movilizaciones no se agota en el curso de la economía ni tampoco en la lógica del sistema político y sus actores. Más bien, antes del estallido se vivieron profundos cambios —crisis de confianza institucional, aumento de la percepción de injusticia social, nuevas orientaciones normativas, polarización moral y digital, pérdida de horizontes de futuro e incapacidad de enfrentar la violencia— que también marcaron el rumbo de los eventos de octubre. Estas transformaciones culturales se agudizaron en muchos casos por los eventos posteriores que vivió la sociedad chilena, especialmente la pandemia del COVID-19 y los procesos constitucionales fallidos. El artículo concluye con la paradoja de que, entre el voluminoso caudal de cambios socioculturales que hemos enfrentado, terminamos percibiendo que nada cambia, porque aquello que desearíamos que cambie permanece igual.
First Joint MUSE, Hubble Space Telescope, and JWST Spectrophotometric Analysis of the Intracluster Light: The Case of the Relaxed Cluster RX J2129.7+0005
Authors: Jiménez-Teja Yolanda , Gimenez-Alcazar Antonio , Dupke Renato A. , Prado-Santos Patrick , Viĺchez Jose M. , de Oliveira Nícolas O. L. , Dimauro Paola , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kelly Patrick , Hjorth Jens , Chen Wenlei
Published: October 2024

We present the most detailed spectrum of intracluster light (ICL) in an individual cluster to date, the relaxed system RX J2129.7+0005, at z ∼ 0.234. Using 15 broadband, deep images observed with the Hubble Space Telescope and JWST in the optical and the infrared, plus deep integral field spectroscopy from MUSE, we computed a total of 3696 ICL maps spanning the spectral range ∼0.4−5 μm with our algorithm CICLE, a method that is extremely well suited to analyzing large samples of data in a fully automated way. We used both parametric and nonparametric approaches to fit the spectral energy distribution of the ICL and infer its physical properties, yielding a stellar mass

log

10

(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)

between 11.5 and 12.7 and an average age between 9.7 and 10.5 Gyr, from CIGALE and Prospector results. This implies that the ICL in RX J2129.7+0005 is, on average, older than that of disturbed clusters, suggesting that the contribution from different stellar populations to the ICL is at play depending on the cluster’s dynamical state. Coupled with X-ray observations of the hot gas distribution, we confirm the relaxed state of RX J2129.7+0005, showing clear signs of sloshing after a last major merger with a high-mass-ratio satellite that could have happened ∼6.6 Gyr ago in a relatively radial orbit. The presence of substructure in the ICL, such as shells, clouds with different densities and a certain degree of boxyness, and a clump, supports this scenario.
The Bicoherence Analysis of Type-C Quasiperiodic Oscillations in Swift J1727.8−1613
Authors: Zhu Haifan , Wang Wei , Zhu Ziyuan
Published: October 2024

We present the results of bicoherence analysis for Swift J1727.8−1613 during its 2023 outburst, using data from Insight-HXMT. Our analysis focused on observations with quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) of frequencies greater than 1 Hz, revealing that all of them belong to type-C QPOs. We found a strong correlation between the QPO frequency and the hardness ratio, as well as a linear relationship between the QPO rms and the hardness ratio. The bicoherence analysis revealed a transition from a “web” pattern to a “hypotenuse” pattern in the low-energy (LE) and high-energy (HE) bands. In the bicoherence patterns, there are correlations between horizontal and vertical bicoherence at f
1 = f
2 = f
QPO with count rates. The diagonal structure at f
1 + f
2 = f
QPO becomes more prominent with increasing energy. Additionally, we discovered a new bicoherence pattern in the medium energy band from 10 to 20 keV; the diagonal structure at f
1 + f
2 = f
har is prominent only in this energy band, which we refer to as the “parallel” pattern. The bicoherence analysis indicates that the source is likely a low-inclination source.
Recurrent Coronal Mass Ejections and Their Geomagnetic Storms Association on 2012 January 19: Solar Surface to Upper Earth’s Atmosphere Analyses
Authors: Hassanin A. , Shimeis Amira , Sabeha Hadeer F. , Minta F. N.
Published: October 2024

In this study, we have conducted an analysis of space weather disruptions that occurred on 19 January 2012. Our analysis identified three coronal mass ejections (CMEs), CME1, CME2, and CME3—which were ejected at 09:48:05 universal time (UT), 14:36:05 UT, and 16:12:06 UT, respectively. Nonrecurrent disturbances in space weather, such as geomagnetic storms, result from CMEs originating from the Sun and traveling toward Earth. We assess the contribution of CME–CME interactions on 2012 January 19 and the volume emission rate of nitric oxide (NO) near the Earth's upper atmosphere in prolonging the geomagnetic disturbances observed on 2012 January 23. The findings suggest an increase in intensity at the interacting boundaries of CME1 and CME2, indicating an increase in pressure and density, leading to the compression of the magnetosphere. The 3D reconstructions of the CMEs provide evidence of unequal expansion and rotations within coronagraphic frames attributed to structural variability in the background solar wind during the eruptions. Furthermore, highlights from the in situ observations suggest that the impact of the recurrent CMEs on the geomagnetic disturbance was more pronounced within the auroral region synchronizing with a significant increase in NO volume emission rate on 2012 January 23, near the upper Earth's atmosphere. Our focus is on exploring the interactions between these CMEs to understand their potential contribution to the extended duration of the observed geomagnetic disturbance.
Superfluid Spin-up: Three-dimensional Simulations of Post-glitch Dynamics in Neutron Star Cores
Authors: Fuentes J. R. , Graber Vanessa
Published: October 2024

Neutron stars show a steady decrease in their rotational frequency, occasionally interrupted by sudden spin-up events called glitches. The dynamics of a neutron star after a glitch involve the transfer of angular momentum from the crust (where the glitch is presumed to originate) to the liquid core, causing the core to spin up. The crust–core coupling, which determines how quickly this spin-up proceeds, can be achieved through various physical processes, including Ekman pumping, superfluid vortex-mediated mutual friction, and magnetic fields. Although the complex nature of these mechanisms has made it difficult to study their combined effects, analytical estimations for individual processes reveal that spin-up timescales vary according to the relative strength of Coriolis, viscous, and mutual friction forces, as well as the magnetic field. However, experimental and numerical validations of those analytical predictions are limited. In this paper, we focus on viscous effects and mutual friction. We conduct nonlinear hydrodynamical simulations of the spin-up problem in a two-component fluid by solving the incompressible Hall–Vinen–Bekarevich–Khalatnikov equations in the full sphere (i.e., including r = 0) for the first time. We find that the viscous (normal) component accelerates due to Ekman pumping, although the mutual friction coupling to the superfluid component alters the spin-up dynamics compared to the single-fluid scenario. Close to the sphere’s surface, the response of the superfluid is accurately described by the mutual friction timescale irrespective of its coupling strength with the normal component. However, as we move deeper into the sphere, the superfluid accelerates on different timescales due to the slow viscous spin-up of the internal normal fluid layers. We discuss potential implications for neutron stars, and requirements for future work to build more realistic models.
African cichlid fishes: morphological data and taxonomic insights from a genus-level survey of supraneurals, pterygiophores, and vertebral counts (Ovalentaria, Blenniiformes, Cichlidae, Pseudocrenilabrinae)
Authors: Oliver Michael
Published: October 2024

The iconic freshwater cichlid fishes (Cichlidae) comprise about 1750 validly named species and hundreds more that are known, but not yet described and named. Cichlids are an important source of protein for millions of people on several continents, are model organisms in studies of evolution, speciation, ecology, development, behaviour and physiology and are popular as aquarium fishes. Yet, comparative studies of cichlid internal anatomy are rare. Even their osteology has not been taxonomically surveyed. The cichlid postcranial skeleton has been especially neglected.

Here, I provide the first survey in cichlids of the considerable variation in numbers of vertebrae, supraneurals and dorsal- and anal-fin supports (pterygiophores), as well as the patterns with which the pterygiophores insert between the neural or haemal spines. The study includes some 1700 specimens of nearly 400 cichlid species. Focusing on the largest subfamily, the African cichlids or Pseudocrenilabrinae, the survey furnishes data from species in all but one of its 166 genera. Limited data from species in the other cichlid subfamilies (Etroplinae, Ptychochrominae and Cichlinae) and from the related leaffishes, Polycentridae, are also presented. Key examples of pterygiophore insertion patterns from throughout the range of variation are illustrated and discussed. Detailed analytical tables and all raw data are provided in supplementary files.

A bizarre specialisation in Cyprichromis is noted, evidently for the first time. Uniquely in this Lake Tanganyikan genus, five to seven anal pterygiophores are abdominal in position, located anterior to the anal fin and inserting toward or between successive pairs of pleural ribs.

Taxonomic changes: The most speciose tribe of African cichlids, currently known as Haplochromini, is correctly called Pseudocrenilabrini. Based chiefly on the molecular phylogenetic findings of other workers, I propose four pseudocrenilabrine subtribes, one occurring in rivers and three endemic to Lake Malawi. I also re-assign the Lake Tanganyikan tribe Tropheini as another subtribe of Pseudocrenilabrini, in line with numerous molecular studies placing tropheines firmly within this tribe. The remaining genera of Pseudocrenilabrini remain incertae sedis in this tribe pending clarification of their phylogenetic relationships.

The character complex here surveyed is a promising source of taxonomically and phylogenetically informative characteristics distinguishing or uniting cichlid taxa at multiple hierarchical levels, from species through subfamily. This reference set of novel character data can also provide information for palaeontological studies of African cichlids. These attributes are skeletal features potentially available for study in well preserved fossils and may help determine their correct taxonomic placement.
Nomenclature and systematics of two Cocconeis species (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Baikal: Cocconeis baicalensis and Cocconeis skvortzowii
Authors: Gogorev Rinat , Yurchak Maria , Sokolova Irina , Glushchenko Anton , Kulikovskiy Maxim
Published: October 2024

The study provides nomenclatural history, morphological characteristics and taxonomy of Cocconeis baicalensis and C. skvortzowii described by B.V. Skvortzov from Lake Baikal. The lecto- and epitypification of the names are made, based on the K.I. Meyer and A.P. Skabichevsky materials, ensuring compliance with current nomenclatural standards. The morphological traits of these species were thoroughly examined using light microscopy (LM) nd scanning electron microscopy (SEM), leading to refined diagnoses and the clarification of previously confused synonymy.
« Pour ne pas affaiblir la robustesse orientale qui règne dans l’original »
Authors: Mano Davide
Published: October 2024

Cette étude se focalise sur la publication du livre des prières juives en version italienne en 1802. Cet événement majeur au tout début du processus d’émancipation des Juifs d’Italie est appréhendé à partir du travail de traducteur de Salomone Fiorentino (1743-1815), un poète toscan et un intellectuel juif qui a élaboré un lyrisme philosophique et civil à mi-chemin entre tradition et modernité, entre religion et science. L’article aborde, notamment, sa réflexion autour de la traduction comme acte politique et civil, et de la prière comme la plus haute forme de poésie.
Italian Piyyutim in Ashkenaz
Authors: Hollender Elisabeth
Published: October 2024

Using the examples of Amittai ben Shefatya, Solomon ha-Bavli, and Meshullam ben Qalonymos, the paper explains how Italian piyyutim came to form the oldest layer of the Ashkenazic maḥzor. While the works of Solomon ha-Bavli and Meshullam ben Qalonymos were most likely part of the liturgical rite used by the Qalonymide family when they immigrated to Mainz in the tenth century, it is possible that Amittai’s piyyutim were brought to Ashkenaz at a later date, when the core of the liturgy for the holidays had already been established.
Le Miqdash Me‘at de Moshe de Rieti et la Divine Comédie de Dante Alighieri : deux ouvrages à comparer
Authors: Negri Silvia
Published: October 2024

Au xve siècle, le poète-philosophe juif Moshe de Rieti a créé son œuvre la plus ambitieuse, le Sefer Miqdash Me‘at (Petit Sanctuaire). Ce poème, long de près de 5000 vers, publié en 1851 sous le titre de "Dante hébreu", s’inspire profondément de la Divine Comédie de Dante à plusieurs égards. Utilisant pour la première fois en hébreu la métrique de la terza rima, il est structuré en trois parties décrivant un voyage dans l'au-delà. Bien que le lien entre les deux textes soit indéniable, comme l'affirme l'auteur lui-même, cet article explore l’étendue et les limites de l’influence entre ces deux œuvres tout en examinant la figure de Moshe de Rieti, son contexte historique et philosophique, ainsi que l'état actuel de la recherche sur le Miqdash Me‘at. À travers une sélection d’exemples soigneusement choisis, il met en lumière les parallèles existants entre les thèmes, motifs et idées des deux poèmes, offrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pour la recherche future.
The Ministry of Injustice and No Human Rights in Angola
Authors: Blanes Ruy Llera
Published: October 2024

Angola is one of the few countries in the world that boasts a dedicated Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. But does this translate into a wider implementation of these rights? This article provides a historical overview of the trajectory of Human Rights in Angola through the analysis of different moments and iterations of the performance of (in)justice since the country’s independence in November 1975 – from the political trials of the mercenaries in 1976-1977 and the events surrounding 27 May 1977 to the post-electoral massacres and persecutions in 1992 and 1993, the persecution of human rights activists in the post-Arab Spring period and, since 2019, the implementation of a public reconciliation commission (CIVICOP). Through this longitudinal approach, which highlights continuities in the trajectory of Human Rights in Angola in the transition from the 20th to the 21st centuries, I argue that the case of Angola illustrates the paradox of how a governance-based implementation of a Human Rights agenda can actually prevent its enactment and implementation. This is explained through the incorporation and subsumption of Human Rights into political agendas as a performative display.
International Community as an Extension of Power: The Contents and Context of Cabindan Independentist Activism on Facebook
Authors: Müller Paulo Ricardo
Published: October 2024

In this paper, I seek to understand how Cabindan independence and human rights activists develop their connections on and through digital social media as a context that gives meaning to their demands. To this end, I address the role of the notion of “international community”, which appears in different Facebook posts either as a careless institution or as a potential ally, summoned as a virtual entity that grants power to the claims of activists and political groups.
IDENTIFICATION OF SCHIZOPHRENIA USING ALPHA POWER AND THETA PEAK FREQUENCY DURING COGNITIVE ACTIVITY
Authors: Thilakavathi B. , Shenbaga Devi S. , Malaiappan M. , Bhanu K. , Kannan P. P.
Published: October 2024

Schizophrenia (SCH) is a psychiatric disorder that causes mental illness and is very difficult to discriminate from the normal subject. As the current diagnostic procedure DSM-V is qualitative, accurate clinical detection is essential. Cognitive dysfunction is widespread in [Formula: see text]CH and it relates to brain activity. The aim of this research is to analyze EEG as a screening tool to identify SCH as it records brain activity. To stimulate cognitive activity, two different types of visual oddball paradigms are designed and are named P1 and P2. Although many researchers have analyzed the EEG of SCH, it remains unclear which recording condition is suitable. Therefore, EEG is recorded from 52 SCH subjects and 29 normal subjects during conventional recording conditions, namely rest, HV, PHV, Photic and cognitive activities (P1 and P2). The Welch power spectrum method is used to find the absolute power of the four EEG bands called [Formula: see text]Pr, [Formula: see text]Pr, [Formula: see text]Pr and [Formula: see text]Pr. In addition to these, each band’s peak power [Formula: see text]PPR, [Formula: see text]PPR, [Formula: see text]PPR and [Formula: see text]PPR and peak frequencies [Formula: see text]PF, [Formula: see text]PF, [Formula: see text]PF and [Formula: see text]PF are also calculated from the power spectrum of the EEG signal. Out of these 12 features, [Formula: see text]Pr and [Formula: see text]PF are considered as the most significant features, because they are significant with [Formula: see text] < 0.001 in all recording conditions. The SVM classifier successfully predicts SCH with a maximum sensitivity of 98% and accuracy of 97% using [Formula: see text]Pr and [Formula: see text]PF. Therefore, it can be concluded that [Formula: see text]Pr and [Formula: see text]PF can be used as features to use EEG as a screening tool for the identification of schizophrenia.
Fostering a Conducive Open and Distance E-Learning (ODEL) Environment in the 21st Century in Higher Learning Institutions in East and South Africa
Authors: Tsindoli Silyvier
Published: October 2024

Open and Distance E-Learning (ODEL) is transforming higher education in East and South Africa by addressing barriers to access and inclusivity. Accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, ODEL supports educational continuity and lifelong learning. Evolving from 19th-century correspondence courses, ODEL now leverages internet access, Learning Management Systems (LMS), mobile technology, and artificial intelligence, aligning with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Key challenges include the digital divide, cultural and language barriers, and resource limitations. Strategies include leveraging mobile technology, low-cost solutions, and policy enhancements. Future AI and virtual reality advancements promise further improvements, fostering a more equitable educational landscape.
Innovative Synergies Collaborating With Industry, Research Organizations, and Global Institutions in Higher Education
Authors: Ismail Laith Shlash
Published: October 2024

Collaboration in education is significant for many reasons such as it enhances learning experience, develops deeper understanding and improves skill level. In academia, collaborative practices helps the educators as connecting with different people can help them learn and share teaching strategies and resources. The present report highlights the collaborative practices of higher education institutions with research organizations and industry. It also defines the challenges and issues that happen while collaborating with external partners along with difference of goals between academia and industry. In addition to this, discussion is also included regarding the impact of collaboration on innovation and research capabilities. Therefore, from the study it has been found out that global collaboration assist the higher education institutional students to build diverse skills which are crucial for their career or profession.
Applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Marketing
Authors: Mittal Shikha , Tyagi Shivani , Dublish Mani
Published: October 2024

The evolution of ML and AI has altered the nature of today's corporate environment. The marketing sector benefits greatly from AI and ML since it increases productivity. The chapter's goal is to determine how marketing is impacted by AI and ML. Without the need for explicit programming, computers can now evaluate and grasp data thanks to a sort of computational intelligence called machine learning. Furthermore, machine learning makes solving problems more efficiently possible. The more data entered into the process, the more accurate and efficient it becomes. Relevant articles regarding AI and machine learning for marketing were found for this investigation by searching a number of websites, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and others. With the help of algorithms, it analysis more and more data to become more efficient. In this chapter we will review the application and impact of AI and ML in marketing. We will examine various marketing fields, to study the implication of the use of AI. Additionally, we will study important applications of AI and ML towards marketing.
Driving Business Sustainability Through Effective Marketing Leveraging on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Mtengwa Edwill , Muchenje Chenjerai , Maregere Lena Laina , Masengu Reason
Published: October 2024

In the current dynamic and fast-changing business environment, organisations are placing significant emphasis on sustainability as a key factor for achieving long-term success. This book chapter examines the point where sustainability and marketing collide, emphasising the crucial role of artificial intelligence (AI) in promoting sustainable corporate practices. By leveraging AI technologies, firms may optimise their marketing tactics to both increase profitability and make significant contributions to environmental and social causes. This chapter explores how AI-driven marketing helps organisations achieve sustainability goals by optimising resource utilisation, minimising waste, and nurturing ethical customer connections, using case studies and theoretical frameworks. Furthermore, it analyses the ethical ramifications and difficulties linked to the implementation of AI in marketing strategies, highlighting the significance of employing AI responsibly to achieve long-term corporate expansion.
Intelligent Techniques for Emotion Recognition in Social Media and Business Applications
Authors: Hegde Pranathi , Mukkamala Sree Bhanu , Jyothi A. P.
Published: October 2024

Human-computer interaction is the art of fusing human intelligence with technological capabilities to create intuitive and engaging digital experiences. It illustrates the significance of applying user-centric design principles to create emotion recognition systems that work well for social media platforms and business applications. The prospect of real-time emotion recognition and customized interactions is further enhanced by leveraging the widespread availability of connected devices, which have revolutionized user engagement tactics on a variety of platforms. These procedures permit opinion mining on social media platforms, which helps with personalized advertising campaigns and raises user participation thereby enhancing digital marketing and product development. The purpose of this study is to foster more advancements and discoveries in the rapidly developing field of emotion recognition by highlighting the developments and implications of intelligent techniques
Navigating Challenges and Leveraging Future Trends in AI and Machine Learning for Supply Chains
Authors: Azari Meriem , Arif Jabir , Moustabchir Hassane , Jawab Fouad
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on supply chain management, highlighting their ability to optimize demand forecasting, inventory management, supplier relationships, and logistics operations. These technologies drive efficiency, cost savings, and enhanced customer satisfaction through accurate predictions and automated decision-making. However, the chapter also addresses significant implementation challenges, including high costs, data quality issues, technological complexity, and ethical concerns such as data privacy and algorithmic bias. Through case studies of companies like Amazon, DHL, Walmart, Siemens, and Starbucks, the chapter illustrates practical strategies for overcoming these obstacles. It concludes with recommendations for successful AI and ML integration, emphasizing the need for robust data governance, scalable solutions, and a culture of innovation to fully harness these technologies for long-term success and sustainability in supply chain management.
Revolutionizing Supply Chains With AI and Machine Learning
Authors: Gowda V. Dankan , Reddy Premkumar , Joshi Devendra , Jagtap Madan Mohanrao , Johar R. B. Hussana
Published: October 2024

Supply chain management with AI and its enhancement, the ML, is witnessing vast change and opens up a brand-new vista of chances for improved effectiveness, precision, and creativity. The perspectives of implementing AI and actual cases of the companies with the use of ML are discussed in this chapter as the means of increasing the efficiency of functioning supply chains at different stages including demand forecasting, inventory management, logistics, and supply. In the presented case studies and descriptions of actual implementations of the discussed technologies, we underscore the pragmatic outcomes and competitive edge(es). In addition, the chapter also presented some catalyzes that may hinder the adoption of AI and ML including; Limited and poor quality of data, high cost of implementation and the need to employ qualified personnel in the area of AI and ML. We also touch on how the above barriers can be addressed and such technologies as AI and ML implemented in the supply chain.
Understanding AI and Machine Learning Concepts
Authors: Kingsly Stephen R. , Archana T.
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are key technologies that are completely transforming multiple industries with their capability to take in data, understand and learn from it, and make their own decisions. This chapter also traces the historical development of AI and ML, from important milestones of the past to the achievements of the current era. AI covers a variety of fields, including but not limited to, Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision and many others, that all attempt to replicate human intelligence. ML is a subset of AI that focuses on developing algorithms that allow these machines to learn, improve and make predictions based on provided data. Neural Networks, inspired by the human brain, are a key component of deep learning, a subset of ML that utilizes multiple layers of neural networks to analyze complex data such as audio or video and attempt to mimic the operation of the human brain.
Plant Stress Management Mitigating Micro/Nano Plastics Pollution
Authors: Waghamare Suresh , Kodag Poonam
Published: October 2024

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are pervasive environmental pollutants, originating from plastic fragmentation and manufacturing processes. They enter ecosystems via wastewater discharge and littering, posing risks to wildlife and human health. In agriculture, MNPs disrupt soil health and crop productivity. Understanding their behavior is crucial for mitigation. Plant responses include nutrient uptake disruption and oxidative stress. Mitigation strategies include bioaugmentation, nanomaterials, and phytoremediation. Biochar and mustard plants show promise in MNP capture. Case studies highlight successful applications in compost for agriculture, emphasizing the need for further research and standardized monitoring for sustainable practices.
Soil Physio-Biochemical Alterations Due to Micro/Nano-Plastic Pollution
Authors: Waghamare Suresh
Published: October 2024

The ubiquitous presence of micro/nano-plastics in soil raises growing concerns about their impact on soil health and ecosystem function. This review comprehensively examines the physio-biochemical alterations caused by MNPs in soil, focusing on physical, chemical, and biological changes. We analyze how MNPs affect soil texture, structure, and water dynamics, potentially leading to erosion, altered hydrological regimes, and reduced agricultural productivity. Furthermore, we explore the interactions between MNPs and soil contaminants, highlighting their potential to mobilize harmful chemicals and pose risks to human health through food chain contamination. The review then delves into the crucial role of the soil microbiome and its disruption by MNPs. We detail how MNPs physically and chemically inhibit microbial activity, potentially impacting nutrient cycling, decomposition, and plant-microbe interactions. Additionally, we investigate the consequences of MNP exposure on plant physiology and growth, emphasizing potential reductions in photosynthesis, germination, and yield.
Wastewater Treatment Using Nanotechnology
Authors: Akolkar Om , Kawale Arya , Das Susanta
Published: October 2024

Economy & growth of society depend on access to clean, safe water. However, rapid population increase, industrialization, & urbanization have led to generation of wastewater that pollutes (contaminates) water leading to several health issues. Millions die annually after consuming pathogen infected water. Many limitations restrict the use of various methods for treating wastewater which includes among others - chemical application, formation of disinfection by products (DBPs), time taken and cost incurred. Nanotechnology has achieved significant successes in different areas including water treatment. Nanomaterials are characterized by high surface area to volume ratio, high reactivity/sensitivity/adsorption capacity/ease of functionalization, hence suitable for use in treating waste water. This chapter aims to provide an overview of techniques for wastewater treatment & management based on nanotechnology Moreover, the fate of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment has also been reported and the hazardous effects of their use.
Scaling Legal Framework for Plastic Pollution and Advancing Cutting Edge Water Governance
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Kaunert Christian , Singh Gursahib
Published: October 2024

The growing danger of plastic pollution and its catastrophic effects on marine ecosystems highlight the pressing need for creative approaches to water governance as well as a thorough legal framework. Marine pollution comprises a mixture of chemicals and debris, primarily originating from terrestrial sources and finding its way into the ocean through runoff or wind dispersion. This contamination leads to adverse effects on the environment, the well-being of various organisms and the global economic structures. The significant factors such as- littering, storm winds and inadequate waste management collectively contribute to the buildup of this refuse. This chapter explores the complex interactions between state-of-the-art governance models and legal tools, with an emphasis on protecting marine life and reducing plastic pollution. In line with the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14) Life below Water.
Development of Start-Ups in Morocco
Authors: Slaoui Oumaima , Qafas Ahlam
Published: October 2024

Climbing one place compared to 2023, Morocco is positioned 92nd in the world in the Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2024. The Kingdom's ranking remains stable at 11th in Africa. Following this qualitative study, we were able to contextualize the role of the entrepreneur's social network. Thus, the role of the qualitative study is to understand the transition from intention to effective creation of a start-up Moroccan business through the incubators and networks of the entrepreneur. We will seek to understand the role of the entrepreneur's network in the development of startups in Morocco. By mobilizing the field theory developed by Cooper, we sought to understand the role of the entrepreneur's network in the development of startups in Morocco. we will conduct a thematic content analysis based on the most recent documentations and The Global Startup Ecosystem Reports. The processing of qualitative data aims to clarify relevant meanings. This is why we carried out a horizontal and vertical content analysis in order to draw research proposals.
Territorial Tourism 2.0
Authors: Rhouiri Mouhcine , Meyabe Mohamed Habiboullah , Benarbi Mohammed Amine
Published: October 2024

In a rapidly evolving world, open social innovation, enhanced by digital technologies, is crucial for revitalizing and sustaining tourist destinations. This chapter explores how open social innovation (OSI) and digital technologies are transforming local tourism. It highlights how tourism destinations are rapidly evolving thanks to digitalization and collaboration between local stakeholders. The aim is to show how OSI, supported by digital technologies, can strengthen the resilience and sustainability of tourism destinations. To do this, we analyzed academic research and peer-reviewed studies. The results show that OSI and digital technologies enhance the resilience of organizations and enable sustainable solutions to be co-created with local communities. In conclusion, this study proposes a conceptual framework for assessing the impact of OSI and digital technologies on sustainable tourism development.
Exploring kitchen accidents and safety strategies in Sri Lanka’s 3-star hotels
Authors: Marasingha M. I. S. , Madhusanka H. W. N. , Natasha K. A. D. M.
Published: October 2024

Kitchen accidents pose a critical risk within the hotel industry, especially in high-star-rated establishments. Strategic health and safety management is crucial to improving hotel employees’ health and safety. This study uniquely focused on identifying common kitchen accidents and their causes through literature and barriers to enhancing kitchen safety among staff and strategic approaches to minimise risks in Sri Lanka’s 3-star hotels through 10 semi-structured interviews with managerial-level personnel. This study area is underexplored in previous literature. Findings revealed persistent kitchen safety issues among kitchen staff, encompassing various Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) concerns such as slips, falls, cuts, burns, eye injuries, and musculoskeletal discomfort. The causes of these OHS issues were classified into four categories: work environment-related, people-related, material and equipment-related, and management procedures and methods-related. Barriers to enhancing kitchen safety in the Sri Lankan context were identified under four main categories: economic, legal, social, and technical. This study contributes to the field by proposing targeted strategies to enhance kitchen safety in Sri Lanka’s 3-star hotels, addressing these identified causes. Key strategic measures include training and awareness, technology adoption, adequate supervision, managerial controls, standards, and regular auditing/reviewing. By focusing on a specific and underrepresented segment of the hotel industry, this research provides valuable insights and practical recommendations to improve kitchen safety.
Spatial configuration of warehouses of different sizes in the City of Cape Town municipality
Authors: Mokhele Masilonyane , Fisher-Holloway Brian , Garatsa Francis
Published: October 2024

Background: Various metropolitan areas have become key centres for logistics activities, leading to a significant increase in the number of warehouses. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the locational patterns of warehouses of different sizes in Africa.Objectives: To analyse the locational patterns of warehouses of different sizes within the City of Cape Town municipality, South Africa. The analysis focuses on the main factors influencing the placement of warehouses: transport infrastructure, land availability, proximity to customers and land-use zoning.Method: The study categorised warehouses based on their building footprint sizes, using the classifications of xx-small, x-small, small, medium, x-large and mega. A total of 396 warehouses were categorised accordingly. Proportional symbol mapping was then conducted in ArcGIS 10.1, assigning each warehouse type a specific weighting.Results: The study found that the areas surrounding the Port of Cape Town predominantly accommodated x-small warehouses. A diverse concentration of warehouses was identified along the railway, near the junctions of regional and national roads and within the areas enclosed by these roads. In addition, warehouses of diverse sizes were primarily situated in the main industrial zones of the municipality.Conclusion: The City of Cape Town municipality is encouraged to promote the consolidation of particularly large warehouses in strategic locations. These include industrial areas not geographically near the Port of Cape Town but with railway access to the port.Contribution: The study will contribute towards enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of logistics processes within the City of Cape Town.
A rare case of PDGFRA-positive chronic eosinophilic leukemia
Authors: Bothale Kalpana , Salkar Akanksha , Salkar Amit
Published: October 2024

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is a clonal proliferation of eosinophilic precursors resulting in a persistently elevated number of eosinophils in blood, bone marrow, and peripheral tissues. The vaguely overlapping clinicopathological picture of CEL with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) often adds to the diagnostic dilemma. Here, we report a rare case of 49-year-old male who presented with multiorgan damage. Peripheral blood smear revealed predominantly eosinophils with dysplastic changes, shift to left in eosinophilic series, and 2% blasts. The bone marrow showed 5% blasts and many eosinophils, precursors of eosinophils, and myeloid and megakaryocytic proliferation. Till date, CEL is a very rare entity. Its presentation with cardiac and neurological manifestations is still rare.
The effect of resveratrol on the relationship of antioxidant activity and beta-hematin inhibition as an antimalarial action target
Authors: Hermanto Faizal , Haq Fahmy Ahsanul , Khasanah Roikhatul
Published: October 2024

Resveratrol is a flavonoid with numerous properties, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimalarial, antidiabetes mellitus, and immunomodulatory effects. In the case of malaria infections, which induce oxidative stress and can lead to various complications, simply administering antimalarials is often insufficient. Therefore, adjuvant therapy, such as antioxidants, is also necessary. Resveratrol exhibits potential as an antimalarial compound and has been reported to demonstrate both in vivo and in vitro antimalarial activity. This study aims to assess the relationship between resveratrol’s antioxidant activity and its inhibition of β-hematin. The antioxidant activity was tested using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method, while the β-hematin inhibition assay followed the method outlined by Huy et
al. A correlation test was conducted to evaluate the connection between the β-hematin inhibition assay and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between antioxidant activity and β-hematin inhibition, with an R = 0.9841 and a P = 0.004. Both of these activities in resveratrol are highly correlated and hold significant potential in the treatment of malaria.
Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction method of Syzygium cumini leaves based on extraction yield, content of bioactive compound, and inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme activity using response surface methodology
Authors: Pujiastuti Endra , Nugroho Agung Endro , Nisa Khoirun , Hertiani Triana
Published: October 2024

Syzygium cumini leaves show potential to be developed as herbal medicine products against diabetes mellitus due to their high polyphenol contents. S. cumini was optimized using response surface methodology and Box–Behnken design with solvent solid ratio, solvent concentration, time and temperature, extraction yield, total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) enzyme inhibitory activity to obtain an effective and optimal extraction method. The conditions were achieved using a 70% ethanol solvent for the extraction, with a solvent–solid ratio of 21 v/w and run at 20°C for 30 min. The results showed an extraction yield of 83.875%, with TFCs measuring at 3.068 mg QE/g, TPCs of 65.029 mg GAE/g, and DPP-IV enzyme inhibition activity of 66.079%. Further analysis of the phytochemical profile using untargeted liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry showed the presence of amine, amide, and fatty acid derivatives as major constituents. In addition, major flavonoids observed were myricetin and myricitrin, accounting for 0.2%. Ursolic acid and 25-azacholesterol accounted for 1.03% of the phenolics detected.
Evaluating the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted extraction of Plantago major L. leaves by response surface methodology through determination of aucubin levels
Authors: Sari Kurnia Rahayu Purnomo , Ikawati Zullies , Danarti Retno , Nafiisah Nur Hasna , Hertiani Triana
Published: October 2024

Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae) contains bioactive phytochemicals supporting its wide array of pharmacological activities. Aucubin, a bioactive iridoid glycoside found in P. major, has been used as a marker substance for quality control. This study’s objective was to assess the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on P. major leaf extracts based on the aucubin level. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the impact of process parameters on the UAE. The compound’s studies were developed and validated by the utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array (HPLC-PDA). Four independent variables were studied: extraction temperature (°C), extraction time, ethanol concentration (%), and ratio of solute to solvent. The analytical method used HPLC-PDA to quantify the aucubin content as the dependent variable. The study’s findings indicate that the most favorable conditions for UAE were attained at a temperature of 20°C for 20 min, an ethanol concentration of 25%, and a ratio of 1:5 g/mL. The HPLC-PDA approach that has been verified demonstrates its efficacy as a technique for quantifying the concentration of aucubin in the extract of P. major leaves. The obtained experimental values (5.736% mg/g) for the aucubin content, under the optimal conditions of UAE, exhibited a satisfactory level of concurrence with the values predicted by the RSM (5.774% mg/g). This finding showed that UAE and RSM can be developed as an efficient extraction method for P. major leaves.
Assessment of Psychological Depression among Edentulous Patients in Tiruchengode – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rajan Jennifer Monisha , Shavi Girish R , Shanmugam Shankar , Sennan Senthilkumar , Gunasekaran Lalithambigai , Kamaraj Kavya Ganesh
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Depression and anxiety are two psychosocial illnesses that are mostly comorbid. The prevalence of psychosocial diseases is increasing worldwide. Both can affect general and oral and dental health, which can be physiological or behavioral.

Aim:

The aim is to assess the Psychological Depression among edentulous patients in Tiruchengode.

Settings and Design:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Tiruchengode.

Materials and Methods:

The study was performed among 60 completely edentulous patients of Tiruchengode using the Patient Health Questionnaire for 5 months.

Statistical Analysis:

Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25.

Results:

About 56.67% of patients were in the nonminimal group, 33.33% of them were in mild depression, and 10% were in moderate depression level.

Conclusion:

Depressive symptoms were associated more with poor appetite and impaired chewing ability. Hence, more awareness and care should be given, particularly to older individuals with complete edentulism, which causes chewing disability.
Effect of Smoking on the Progression and Severity of COVID-19 Infection among Adult Males in Sullia Taluk of Dakshina Kannada
Authors: Jose Christa , Fareed Nusrath , Asmin P. K. , Battur Hemanth , Praveena Jaseela
Published: October 2024

Context:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily targets pulmonary epithelial cells, causing viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. It progresses more severely in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of smoking on the progression of COVID-19 infection among adult males in Sullia Taluk, Dakshina Kannada.

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out among 230 male subjects, aged 18 years and above diagnosed with COVID-19 from the records of the general hospital, Sullia. Necessary data were collected using a validated questionnaire comprised of three parts, Part A recorded basic demography, Part B recorded details of smoking history, and Part C recorded details of COVID-19 symptomatology. Descriptive measures and Chi-square tests were conducted separately for each variable to determine the association between various determinants of smoking and COVID-19. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The response rate of the study was 68.7%. Among the studied population, 20.3% were smokers. Analysis revealed that loss of taste or smell (73.91%), cough (52.17%), difficulty in breathing (52.17%), persistent pain in the chest (21.73%), and running nose (13.16%) were significantly higher among smokers compared to their nonsmoking counterparts.

Conclusions:

Results of the study support the hypothesis that smoking has an effect on the progression and severity of COVID-19 infection.
A Comprehensive Legal Practice Strategy to Address Violence against Health-care Professionals
Authors: Godhi Brinda Suhas , Darla Tanishka , Saha Sonali , Kaul Shefali , Doddawad Vidya Gowdappa
Published: October 2024

As dentistry has moved into the 21st century, the emphasis on ethics has increased. The general public has become more or rather over-mindful and attentive to their surroundings, especially in the medical field. Assaults against health-care professionals in India have increased dramatically over the past few years. It has therefore become the need of the moment to learn how to tackle the problem of workplace violence and medicolegal issues that may arise. All professionals in the health-care community must stay updated on the current scenarios, laws, and regulations. Knowledge of “what not to do” has become more significant rather than “what to do.” This article highlights the problem of violence against health-care professionals and the methods that can be used to prevent and stop it.