bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An immune-relevant signature of nine genes as a prognostic biomarker in patients with gastric carcinoma
Authors: Wang Bing , Zhang Yang
Published: September 2020

Background

As one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, the morbidity and mortality of gastric carcinoma (GC) are gradually increasing. The aim of this study was to construct a signature according to immune-relevant genes to predict the survival outcome of GC patients using The Cancer Genome Altas (TCGA).

Methods

Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between immune-relevant genes regarding the prognosis of patients with GC. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was used to select prognostic immune-relevant genes and to establish the signature for the prognostic evaluation of patients with GC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were used to assess the independent prognostic ability of the immune-relevant gene signature.

Results

A total of 113 prognostic immune-relevant genes were identified using univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. A signature of nine immune-relevant genes was constructed using the LASSO Cox regression. The GC samples were assigned to two groups (low- and high risk) according to the optimal cutoff value of the signature score. Compared with the patients in the high-risk group, patients in the low-risk group had a significantly better prognosis in the TCGA and GSE84437 cohorts (log-rank test P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the signature of nine immune-relevant genes might serve as an independent predictor of GC.

Conclusions

Our results showed that the signature of nine immune-relevant genes may potentially serve as a prognostic prediction for patients with GC, which may contribute to the decision-making of personalized treatment for the patients.
Evaluating the use of a tactile sensor for measuring carton compliance
Authors: Eriksson Daniel , Loeb Gerald E. , Persson Camilla , Korin Christer
Published: September 2020

This work reports the evaluation of a tactile sensor for the potential of using it to measure the compliance of folding cartons. A tactile sensor would make it possible to measure the mechanical behavior locally around the contact point, in contrast to existing methods that measure the global mechanical behavior of the carton. Research on the haptic sense has shown that the local mechanical behavior is more important than the global behavior when humans assess compliance of objects. It is shown that the response of the tactile sensor correlates strongly with the bending stiffness of the board, but also with geometric features. A method for reducing the 22-dimensional output of the sensor to single meaningful feature using linear discriminant analysis is proposed and tested. The results show that the sensor is a good candidate for a method that incorporates both cutaneous and kinaesthetic information in the measure of carton compliance.
Effects of Ag contents on the microstructure and SERS performance of self-grown Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films
Authors: Lian Xinxin , Lv Yuanjiang , Sun Haoliang , Hui David , Wang Guangxin
Published: September 2020

Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films with different Ag contents were prepared on polyimide by magnetron sputtering. The effects of Ag contents on the microstructure of self-grown Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films were investigated using XRD, FESEM, EDS and TEM. The Ag content plays an important role in the size and number of uniformly distributed Ag nanoparticles spontaneously formed on the Mo–Ag alloy film surface, and the morphology of the self-grown Ag nanoparticles has changed significantly. Additionally, it is worth noting that the Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films covered by a thin Ag film exhibits highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. The electric field distributions were calculated using finite-difference time-domain analysis to further prove that the SERS enhancement of the films is mainly determined by “hot spots” in the interparticle gap between Ag nanoparticles. The detection limit of the Ag film/Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy film for Rhodamine 6G probe molecules was 5 × 10−14 mol/L. Therefore, the novel type of the Ag film/Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy film can be used as an ideal SERS-active substrate for low-cost and large-scale production.
A Preliminary Study Interrogating the Cataloging and Classification Schemes of a K-12 Book Discovery Platform through a Critical Race Theory Lens
Authors: Kumasi Kafi D. , Jimes Cynthia , Godwin Amee Evans , Petrides Lisa A. , Karaglani Anastasia
Published: September 2020

This article presents the results of a preliminary study to examine the cataloging and classification schemes and ideological factors that play out in book discovery platforms for children’s and young adult books. Using Critical Race Theory and a Rapid Contextual Design approach to exploring the curatorial behaviors of school librarians when searching for diverse books, the study offers design ideas for retooling discovery platforms in ways that bridge the cultural disconnect that young adults from historically marginalized racial backgrounds experience in their libraries. The article concludes that in order for school librarians to find, recommend and teach about books that reflect race, equity and inclusion themes, they need more sophisticated and user-centered features that reflect critical race and multicultural analytic frameworks. This includes the need for a common vocabulary around issues of race, equity and inclusion that can simultaneously cut through the ambiguity of social tagging and yet subvert the status quo of entrenched liberalism and/or racially biased ideologies embedded in traditional classification schemes and hierarchies, such as those used in Library of Congress subject headings. The findings further suggest that school librarians would benefit from enhanced education and training in the intersections of cataloging, classification and critical race scholarship.
Oh, Sufferah Children of Jah: Unpacking the Rastafarian Rejection of Traditional Theodicies
Authors: Perkins Anna Kasafi
Published: September 2020

The article maintains that the theological perspectives of RastafarI continue to be under-researched in the Caribbean context with perhaps more attention being paid to their contributions to the racial, musical and linguistic traditions of the region. In particular, Rasta theodicies are not as clearly articulated as other elements of its belief system even as it is recognised that RastafarI mansions and individual members do not hold homogenous beliefs about many things. The discussion takes as its starting point two prior reflections, “Just Desert or Just Deserts?: God and Suffering in these Perilous Days” (Perkins 2016) and “The Wages of (Sin) is Babylon: Rasta Versus Christian Religious Perspectives of Sin” (Perkins 2012); the former reflection highlights the insufficiency of traditional theodicy to answer the question: “if God is good, why does evil exist?” No one answer can sufficiently do justice to the many dimensions of the question. In that regard, Perkins (2016) argues for attention to the important “answer” that the radical suffering perspective offers to the discussion (Sarah Anderson Rajarigam (2004) too emphasises divine suffering or theopathos, as the response to radical suffering. She frames theopathos not just as an option within theodicy but as an alternative to theodicy, which she derides as “the spoilt child of enlightenment that self-destructively craves for theoretical and philosophical remedies for radical human suffering” (27).). Perkins (2012) explicates a particular Rasta understanding of sin and evil, which are important elements of any theodicy. For Rasta, sin is tri-dimensional – personal, inherited and corporate. Sin in its corporate or social dimension is the most salient as it is moral evil – a rejection of Jah’s will – which leads to the oppression of Jah’s people.
Das „Bündnis für Prävention“ in Bayern: Health in all Policies auf Landesebene
Authors: Reisig Veronika
Published: September 2020

Health in all Policies bedeutet, Gesundheit in allen Bereichen öffentlichen Handelns zu berücksichtigen. Der Bayerische Präventionsplan baut auf dieses Konzept auf und wird u.a. durch das Bündnis für Prävention umgesetzt. Dieses ist ein intersektorales Netzwerk mit Partnern aus Politik, Verwaltung und Zivilgesellschaft. Eine verknüpfte Datengrundlage, praxisnahe Instrumente und gemeinsame Entscheidungsstrukturen sind wichtige weitere Elemente einer effektiven Umsetzung von Health in all Policies.
Treatment for mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Liufu Tongling , Wang Zhaoxia
Published: September 2020

Mitochondrial diseases are predominantly caused by mutations of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, resulting in multisystem defects. Current treatments are largely supportive, and the disorders progress relentlessly. Nutritional supplements, pharmacological agents and physical therapies have been used in different clinical trials, but the efficacy of these interventions need to be further evaluated. Several recent reviews discussed some of the interventions but ignored bias in those trials. This review was conducted to discover new studies and grade the original studies for potential bias with revised Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. We focused on seven published studies and three unpublished studies; eight of these studies showed improvement in outcome measurements. In particular, two of the interventions have been tested in studies with strict design, which we believe deserve further clinical trials with a large sample. Additionally, allotopic expression of the ND4 subunit seemed to be an effective new treatment for patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.
CSG Elastic Modulus Model Prediction Considering Meso-components and its Effect
Authors: Guo Lixia , Zhang Yanan , Zhong Ling , Zhang Fangfang , Wang Minghua , Li Song
Published: September 2020

Cemented sand gravel (CSG) is different from ordinary concrete in its mechanical properties such as elastic modulus due to the non-sieving of aggregate. On the basis of previous studies, the serial model, parallel model, Hashin-Shtrikman model and the elastic modulus prediction method based on the mesoscopic random aggregate simulation have been analyzed, and the influences of different mesoscopic component parameters on the elastic modulus calculation of the above four methods have been studied. The results show that the elastic modulus and tensile strength of meso component have great influence on the elastic modulus of random aggregate simulation, the elastic modulus of cement mortar has the largest impact on the series model and the Hashin-Shtrikman lower boundary model, and the elastic modulus of the aggregate has the greatest influence on the parallel model and the Hashin-Shtrikman upper boundary model. This paper proposed to determine the meso-component parameters of the elastic modulus prediction model through mesoscopic inversion, studied the correlation between the meso-component volume fraction and the overall elastic modulus of the material, and by adding a correction factor to the correlation, concluded that when the meso-component volume fraction falls between 35% and 55%, the random aggregate model-based prediction and the equivalent theoretical model can better predict the elastic modulus of the CSG. This study may provide theoretical basis for CSG mix design and multi-scale model research.
Statistical Law and Predictive Analysis of Compressive Strength of Cemented Sand and Gravel
Authors: Chen Shoukai , Fu Yongqiwen , Guo Lei , Yang Shifeng , Bie Yajing
Published: September 2020

A data set of cemented sand and gravel (CSG) mix proportion and 28-day compressive strength was established, with outliers determined and removed based on the Boxplot. Then, the distribution law of compressive strength of CSG was analyzed using the skewness kurtosis and single-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. And with the help of Python software, a model based on Back Propagation neural network was built to predict the compressive strength of CSG according to its mix proportion. The results showed that the compressive strength follows the normal distribution law, the expected value and variance were 5.471 MPa and 3.962 MPa respectively, and the average relative error was 7.16%, indicating the predictability of compressive strength of CSG and its correlation with the mix proportion.
Füreinander sorgen. Soziale Unterstützung für pflegende Angehörige und die Bedeutung Sorgender Gemeinschaften
Authors: Haußmann Annette
Published: September 2020

Der Großteil der Pflegebedürftigen in Deutschland wird von Angehörigen gepflegt. Diese haben ein erhöhtes Risiko, durch physische und psychische Belastung zu erkranken und aufgrund eingeschränkter Mobilität zu vereinsamen. Soziale Unterstützung ist eine relevante präventive Ressource, denn informelle Hilfenetze unterstützen mit emotionaler und praktischer Hilfe und sorgen für soziale Einbindung. Sorgende Gemeinschaften bieten im Nahbereich wesentliche Hilfen für pflegende Angehörige. Die Längsschnittstudie untersucht pflegende Ehepartner und ihre soziale Unterstützung im familialen und sozialen Nahbereich. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich Pflegende gut im praktischen Bereich unterstützt fühlen, geringer fällt die emotionale Unterstützung aus. Soziale Einbindung nahm im Lauf eines Jahres kontinuierlich ab. Pflegende, die sich gut sozial unterstützt fühlten, sind weniger psychisch belastet. Analysen der qualitativen Aussagen zeigen, dass vorrangig das familiäre Umfeld hilft, aber auch Freund/-innen, Bekannte und Nachbar/-innen zentrale Unterstützungsfunktionen übernehmen. Religiöse Gemeinschaften sind eine potenzielle soziale Unterstützung. Fünf Faktoren bestimmen, ob soziale Unterstützung durch eine Kirchengemeinde als hilfreich im Alltag erlebt wird: Einstellung zu Kirche und Religion; positive Vorerfahrungen, Vorhandensein sozialer Kontakte, Geh-Strukturen und erfahrene Reziprozität von Geben und Nehmen. Optionen werden aufgezeigt, in welcher Weise Sorgende Gemeinschaften im Rahmen von Spiritual Care und sozialer Unterstützung zur Ressource für Pflegende werden können.
Die Corona-Pandemie als Herausforderung für Spiritual Care: Handreichung für Seelsorger/-innen
Authors: Roser Traugott , Peng-Keller Simon , Kammerer Thomas , Karle Isolde , Lammer Kerstin , Frick SJ Eckhard , Winiger Fabian
Published: September 2020

Spiritual Care bleibt auch in Zeiten der Pandemie des Coronavirus ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Betreuung kritisch kranker und sterbender Patienten und ihrer Familienangehörigen. Angesichts gesteigerter Sicherheitsbestimmungen mit eingeschränktem Zugang und erheblichen Belastungen für alle Mitarbeitenden im Gesundheitswesen müssen Seelsorger klären, wie sie zu einer ganzheitlichen Versorgung von Patienten, Familienmitgliedern und Mitarbeitern beitragen können, ohne die Selbstsorge und die Sorge für die eigene Gesundheit zu vernachlässigen. Fragen der Kommunikation, z. T. mit technischen Hilfsmitteln, der Durchführung von Ritualen, einschließlich der Versorgung von Toten und der Begleitung trauernder Familienmitglieder werden diskutiert. Existenzieller Belastung bei Angehörigen der Gesundheitsberufe können Seelsorgende mit Angeboten begegnen. Besonderes Augenmerk verlangen Seelsorge und Spiritual Care in Pflegeeinrichtungen sowie ethische Fragen der Entscheidungsfindung bei Triage.
Effective Interactions of Relativistic Composite Particles in Unified Nonlinear Spinor-Field Models. I
Authors: Stumpf H.
Published: September 2020

Unified nonlinear spinor field models are selfregularizing quantum field theories in which all observable (elementary and non-elementary) particles are assumed to be bound states of fermionic preon fields. Due to their large masses the preons themselves are confined. In preceding papers a functional energy representation, the statistical interpretation and the dynamical equations were derived. In this paper the dynamics of composite particles is discussed. The composite particles are defined to be eigensolutions of the diagonal part of the energy representation. Corresponding calculations are in preparation, but in the present paper a suitable composite particle spectrum is assumed. It consists of preon-antipreon boson states and threepreon- fermion states with corresponding antifermions and contains bound states as well as preon scattering states. The state functional is expanded in terms of these composite particle states with inclusion of preon scattering states. The transformation of the functional energy representation of the spinor field into composite particle functional operators produces a hierarchy of effective interactions at the composite particle level, the leading terms of which are identical with the functional energy representation of a phenomenological boson-fermion coupling theory. This representation is valid as long as the processes are assumed to be below the energetic threshold for preon production or preon break-up reactions, respectively. From this it can be concluded that below the threshold the effective interactions of composite particles in a unified spinor field model lead to phenomenological coupling theories which depend in their properties on the bound state spectrum of the self-regularizing spinor theory.
Analytical Properties of Poincaré Halfmaps in a Class of Piecewise-Linear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Kahlert Claus , Rössler Otto E.
Published: September 2020

A piecewise-linear nerve conduction equation is investigated further. The theory of Poincare halfmaps induced by the flow of a three-dimensional linear saddle-focus is developed. Using a description of the dynamical system in diagonalized coordinates, a canonical formulation of two-dimensional halfmaps is found. This leads for each halfmap to an implicit scalar equation plus a side condition. The effect of the halfmaps on different types of invariant curves occurring is investigated. Thereby the capacity of the halfmaps to separate adjacent points (such that the images acquire a finite distance) is shown. Two of three possible mechanisms for separating points are investigated in detail. The regions in the canonical parameter space where the different separating mechanisms appear are indicated analytically. The possible appearance of chaotic solutions, at least in the neighborhood of homoclinic trajectories in state space, is demonstrated. The underlying separation mechanism is present also in regions of state space far from a homoclinic orbit.
Ecos de Cardeña: un testimonio olvidado de la Genealogía del Cid
Authors: Molina Javier Rodríguez
Published: September 2020

At the end of the BNE MSS710806 manuscript an anonymous 16th-century hand copied a brief genealogy: in this paper I claim that this text is in fact a new attestation of the Genealogía del Cid, which only survives as an appendix to the Crónica particular del Cid (Burgos, 1512). This copy of the Genealogía reveals significant variants from the Burgos 1512 edition: it sets Cid’s death in July 1099 and it awards Alphonse X the Wise with the authorship of his epitaph. These historical facts were known to Berganza in the 18th century, who recorded them in his Antigüedades without revealing his sources. In this paper, along with the edition of the text, I suggest that this copy of the Genealogía was related to the monastery of Cardeña, with which Berganza was acquainted and which reveals new insights on the text genealogy.
Technische Innovation als Schutz vor wirtschaftlichem Niedergang?
Authors: Lindner Jörn
Published: September 2020

Technical innovation as protection against economic decline? The development of the Rickmers shipyard from 1945 to the late 1960s

The article covers the history of the Rickmers-Shipyard in Bremerhaven from the end of the Second World War up to the end of the 1960s. An initial glance into the interwar years establishes that the shipyard’s restructuring in the 20s and subsequent shift into the production of warships during the 30s and 40s had considerable impact on its afterwar development. Despite the involvement with the Kriegsmarine, Rickmers was able to reopen for business very quickly after the end of the war. Yet, the shipyard was barred from new building projects and relegated to repair jobs for a considerable amount of time. In the 1950s, Rickmers began building new ships and was able to somewhat profit from the shipbuilding boom of the time. Still, most projects proved unprofitable and the onset of the crisis of European shipbuilding in the late 1950s hit the shipyard hard. This set the stage for Rickmers’ decline and ultimate closure in 1986.
Fusion of 9Li with 70Zn and 208Pb
Authors: Loveland W.
Published: September 2020

The fusion excitation functions for the reaction of 9Li with 70Zn and 208Pb were measured. In the reaction with 70Zn, the evaporation residues (EVRs) were detected by a radiochemical separation of the As and Ge EVRs followed by β-counting. In the reaction with 208Pb, the At EVRs were detected by α-counting. In both systems, one observes substantial sub-barrier fusion enhancement that cannot be explained by coupled channels calculations. The implication of these studies for the study of the 11Li+208Pb reaction are discussed.
Orlistat reverses intratesticular lactate transport decline and infertility in male obese rats
Authors: Suleiman Joseph Bagi , Nna Victor Udo , Zakaria Zaida , Othman Zaidatul Akmal , Bakar Ainul Bahiyah Abu , Usman Umar Zayyanu , Mohamed Mahaneem
Published: September 2020

Obesity and its accompanying complications predispose to abnormal testicular glucose metabolism, penile erectile dysfunction and subfertility. This study examined the potentials of orlistat in attenuating erectile dysfunction and fertility decline in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male rats. Eighteen adult male Sprague–Dawley rats whose weights were between 250 and 300 g were divided into three groups (n = 6/group) namely: normal control (NC), HFD and HFD + orlistat (10 mg/kg body weight/day co-administered for 12 weeks) (HFD+O). During the 11th and 12th week, mating behaviour and fertility parameters were evaluated, and parameters of glucose metabolism were assessed at the end of the 12th week. Orlistat increased testicular mRNA levels of glucose transporters (Glut1 and Glut3), monocarboxylate transporters (Mct2 and Mct4) and lactate dehydrogenase type C (Ldhc), decreased intratesticular lactate and glucose levels, and LDH activity in obese rats. Furthermore, orlistat increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), but decreased malondialdehyde level in the penis of obese rats. Similarly, orlistat improved penile cGMP level, sexual behaviour and fertility outcome in obese rats. Penile cGMP level correlated positively with total mounts and intromissions but correlated negatively with mount/intromission ratio. Orlistat improves fertility potential in obese state by targeting testicular lactate metabolism, penile oxidative stress and sexual behaviour in rats. Therefore, orlistat shows a promising protective effect and may preserve the fertility potential of obese men.
Postpartum Perineal Pain in the Absence of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Xu Shiqin
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of perineal pain at early postnatal period and to assess the association between maternal, obstetric or neonatal variables and perineal pain.

METHODS Three hundred and six women were followed up for perineal pain with present pain intensity (PPI) and visual rating scale (VRS) components of the validated short-form McGill pain scale. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify which characteristics of the patients and neonates were independent determinants of perineal pain.

RESULTS The incidence of perineal pain at days 1 and 7 postpartum was 88.2% and 24.9%, respectively. PPI was mild 63.1% (day 1) and 23.9% (day 7), moderate 24.2% and 1.1%, and severe 1% and 0%. VRS score was 2 (1-3) at day 1 and 0 (0-1) at day 7 postpartum, respectively. Perineal pain was more common in primiparous women with higher BMI, more maternal weight gain, received epidural analgesia, and use of episiotomy. In a multivariate logistic regression model, only episiotomy predicted the pain at day 1 postpartum (RR=2.05, 95% CI 0.95-4.42) suggesting that women with mediolateral episiotomy experienced more intense pain than women with median episiotomy.

CONCLUSIONS In the absence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries, although perineal pain during the early postnatal period is prevalent, the intensity is slight. Moreover, the use of episiotomy is associated with more perineal pain than other perineal trauma.
Accuracy of Palpation for Cricothyroidotomy
Authors: Wang Fuzhou
Published: September 2020

Cricothyroidotomy is a practical procedure that is critical for patients in the context of emergency. Accurately identify the cricothyroid membrane takes a crucial part in determining the success of cricothyroidotomy. However, it is not that easy for clinicians when facing patients with different conditions that limit the palpation accuracy. Obesity is a risk factor for the failure of cricothyroidotomy. Special care is needed for obese patients. We herein build a mathematic model to explain why it is hard for obese patients to be palpated, and we also give recommendations based on the model on how to increase the rate of the palpation accuracy.
A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Two Logos about Lanzhou China
Authors: He Junbang
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND Logos are typical multimodal discourses combining languages, pictures, colors and so on with spatial distribution and often used in propagandizing a city. Lanzhou, the provincial capital city of Gansu Province in north-west China, released two logos about the image and the tourism successively to propagandize the city.
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to analyze the logos from the perspective of linguistics and to identify how images and words in the logos work together to fulfill the aim of propagandizing the city, what the respective advantages and disadvantages of the two logos are, and how to achieve a better propaganda aim of the city logos.
METHOD Based on the Kress and Van Leeuwen’s visual grammar, this paper attempts to adopt a multimodal analysis and descriptive-analytical method to two logos about Lanzhou China and make a comparison between them, analyzing the representational meaning, the interactive meaning and the compositional meaning of the two logos.
CONCLUSION We found that images and words can work together to create a synergic effect of propagandizing the city, and multimodality is an effective way to present such information about the characteristics of a city in meaning-making process of logos. Through the interaction of these different semiotic elements, the logos express much more abundant information than separate ones.
ІННОВАЦІЇ У ПЛАНУВАННІ НА ОСНОВІ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ МАРЖИНАЛЬНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: ОРЛОВ Олівер
Published: September 2020

У сучасній економічній теорії та практиці існує цілий комплекс завдань, де відсутність аналітичного інструментарію не дозволяє адекватно виміряти очі-кувані результати.Наведено ряд гіпотез, доведення яких показало, що комплекс важливих економічних завдань – планування собівартості, прибутку, беззбитковості за видами продукції, ціноутворення на нову продукцію, оцінка ефективності ін-новаційних проектів – не дістає відповідного вирішення через відсутність ана-літичних інструментів. Запропоновано як альтернативу розв'язання цих за-вдань на основі концепції маржинального підходу.Запропонований відповідно до концепції маржинального підходу розподіл постійних витрат між видами продукції за своєю суттю – це покриття маржи-нальним прибутком постійних витрат і формування на цій базі прибутку і рен-табельності як за видами продукції, так і в цілому по підприємству.Концепція маржинального підходу використовувалась також для розв'я-зання проблем ціноутворення на нову продукцію виробничо-технічного приз-начення, що дозволило на антивитратній основі сформувати нижню і верхню межі цін.Методи оцінки ефективності інноваційних проектів, які наводяться в еко-номічній літературі і практиці з другої половини ХХ ст., зводяться до порів-няння інвестицій з величиною прибутку від продажу інноваційного продукту за період його життєвого циклу. Пропонується з інвестиціями порівнювати маржинальний прибуток, який одержує підприємство від нового продукту за період його життєвого циклу (звичайно, з урахуванням дисконтування).Отримані результати мають теоретичні значення, оскільки дозволяють по-новому формувати собівартість, прибуток і рентабельність за видами продук-ції, пропонують антивитратний підхід до формування цін з наданням відповід-ного інструментарію, а також оцінку ефективності інноваційних проектів. А практичне значення цих результатів полягає у створенні належних умов для гнучкого управління витратами, прибутком і цінами, що особливо важливо за умов швидкої зміни ринкової кон’юнктури.
Identification and analysis of the main factors of formation of a favorable environment for the introduction of digital technologies in the electoral system of Ukraine
Authors: Husarevych Nataliia
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the study is to determine the main factors in creating a favorable environment for the introduction of digital technologies in the electoral system of Ukraine. Three main groups are identified, the content is revealed and the analysis of factors of each of the groups is carried out. Examples of their influence on the process of introduction of new election technologies are given. Based on the analysis of international experience, recommendations for creating favorable conditions of socio-political, operational, technical and legal nature for the introduction of digital technologies in the electoral system of Ukraine are proposed.
International experience in implementing information and communication technologies for the development of regions in Ukraine
Authors: Karelin Sergiy
Published: September 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional communications were in crisis. Many businesses have ceased to exist or are on the verge of bankruptcy. Local governments, as well as businesses, were forced to work during the first month of severe quarantine. We had to quickly transfer most business processes to the online environment to ensure the social distance of employees and reduce the possibility of their infection.The author analyzed the international experience of using information and communication technologies for the effective development of communities and territories. The article analyzes the introduction of "Digital Agendas" as a regulatory framework for the implementation of digital transformation at the local level. The role of digital infrastructure and digital literacy as factors of implementation and use of information and communication technologies is highlighted.The experience of implementing an innovation cluster on the example of the city of Oulu (Finland) is considered.Steps are proposed for the territorial communities of Ukraine to accelerate the implementation of digital transformation.
Modern aspects of digitalization of public spaces
Authors: Lukin Sergiy
Published: September 2020

In the modern world, the information society is developing rapidly. According to most researchers, it has the following fundamental features: the growth of information activity of all members of society, the transformation of the information industry into a dynamic sphere of its operation, the penetration of information and communication technologies in the life of each individual, and, thanks to widespread network structures, change all models of social organization and cooperation. In the information society, mass media technologies play a crucial role in people's lives, especially in the processes of socialization, their participation in public life. Newspapers, radio and television largely become tools of state information policy or open propaganda, the existence of algorithmic corporations and their independence from direct state regulation is supported by the activity and quality of interaction of users themselves. Many states pursue an active state information policy aimed at strengthening the rules of conduct in the virtual public sphere, but the public space in these conditions has the opportunity to maintain its critical potential and debatable nature, even in conditions of state manipulation.
The role of public organizations in the formation and implementation of anti-corruption reform in Ukraine
Authors: Yurchenko Alla
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of the analysis of the study of the role of civil society institutions in the formation and implementation of anti-corruption reform in Ukraine. The successful experience and mechanisms of participation of public organizations in the formation of new anti-corruption institutions, anti-corruption measures, advocacy of anti-corruption reform and the adoption of new anti-corruption legislation in Ukraine are considered. Particular attention is paid to the role of local NGOs and their interaction in measures to prevent political corruption with local governments and state bodies. The main directions of activity of public organizations in the part of counteraction to corruption and the general problems arising during anti-corruption work of such organizations are considered.
Gender inequality
Authors: Kostiuk Natalia , Antoniuk Olena
Published: September 2020

The article deals with gender inequality in the economic, political and social spheres of Ukraine and the key reasons for gender imbalance in the observation and realization of gender rights. The topicality of the article is predetermined by the necessity of the systemic solution to the problem of gender equality in Ukraine that is declared in the country’s constitution as the pivotal principle of safeguarding legal rights and freedoms of people in a democratic state.The authors have made an analysis of the Ukrainian norms and laws in force as well as some ratified international treaties in the sphere of gender equality insurance. The current state of realization of the main directions of social policy of Ukraine in the sphere of gender equality has been determined on the basis of the World Economic Forum and in particular the analysis of the index of gender discrepancy in certain spheres of human activity as well as the gender monitoring of the representation of candidates in the special election of people’s deputies of Ukraine in 2014 and 2019. The impact of gender discrimination against women on the social economic development of the world countries and their national wealth level has been considered.The study has allowed revealing a positive tendency in the realization of women’s right to participate and be represented in the economic and political spheres of Ukrainian activity and offering further necessary state measures in the social policy pertaining to the eradication of gender asymmetry in the Ukrainian society. The need of redirecting the government gender policy to more effective measures for overcoming gender inequality, gender segregation and multiple forms of discrimination against women under the conditions of the severe economic, political and social upheavals in Ukraine has been pointed to. The authors have come to the conclusion that the development of the political and juridical concept of eradication of gender discrimination against women in Ukraine is the pledge of sustainable development of the Ukrainian society which in its turn is a necessary condition for forming a competitive human capital of the country that has chosen the Eurointergation foreign policy course.
Mythologization of the woman and her image in the discourses of postmodern mass culture
Authors: Novokshonova Nataliia
Published: September 2020

The intellectual context of the early 21st century, defining new topics and subjects of research, is de facto blurring the boundaries between high and low culture, emphasizing mass culture as a phenomenon that appears to be a means of seeking distractions in the real world. In the problematic field of postmodernism, mass culture represents how an ordinary person describes himself/herself as an individual in temporal and local dimensions. When contemporary culture represents a woman in the mainstream media, a woman is by definition the primary object of creating mythologemes, usually related to the goals of consumerism. Of great importance is that the illusory world created in the imagination deforms the existing world view in which femininity is still more often represented as a biological quality. The goal of the paper is an interdisciplinary analysis of the issues of gender mythologization in postmodern philosophy and culture. The above-mentioned demonstrates the need for applying the principles of systematic analysis with a focus on hermeneutical interpretation of texts of mass culture. It should be stressed that femininity and embodiment in their combination hold a specific place in the postmodern culture; the latter is vividly represented in all genres of mass culture: both in television shows and series (Netflix, HBO, NBC, MTV) and on the wide screen. This goes to prove the phenomenon of unprecedented visualization used in different genres of mass culture. On the presumption that the heroine of mass culture in the early 21st century is an artifact, the authors of feminine artifacts are continuing to use the dominant myths of patriarchal culture, with certain changes. Therefore for the emergence of new dynamics in the mythologization of femininity, it is important to disburden women of the fear of patriarchal masculinity. Today this problem is solved in the artistic field of mass culture in its highest echelon of gender myths and mythologemes (C. Buckley, A. Monro, M. Atwood, L. Moriarty et al.).
Mediapractices and the population’s trust in media from the perspectives of agent-structural integration
Authors: Prokopyshyn Taras
Published: September 2020

In modern societies, innovative (participatory) mediapractices are becoming more widespread, replacing traditional (consumatory) mediapractices. Unlike traditional mediapractices, when the masses of the population were only recipients and passive consumers of information, today masses of the population become co-authors of mediaproduct and influence mediadiscourse. Newly established mediapractices are not yet institutionalized and are innovative activity, the preconditions, factors and consequences of which have not been studied yet. Along with the progressive phenomenon of mediatization, there are also crisis phenomenas in the field of mediapractices. Already known dysfunctional phenomena, including the crisis of trust in the media, are taking on new forms. New media reality requires scientific understanding, in particular in measuring the ratio of traditional and new mediapractices in the context of the relationship with the phenomenon of (dis)trust in media (including news media). Sociological understanding of the newly established media practices requires taking into account two essential aspects of the analyzed phenomenon: 1) institutional and structural characteristics of the media system as a context; 2) characteristics of mass media practices. Based on methodological principles of the theory of agent-structural integration, a scheme for the development of media practices in context of (dis)trust in news media is proposed. The proposed tool can be used to diagnose expert and mass mediapractices.
About some changes in the material culture of the modern urban population of Azerbaijan (based on materials from the city of Sumgayit)
Authors: Amirshakhova Sevda
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the changes taking place in the field of ethnic culture in the cities of Azerbaijan on the example of the city of Sumgait. In cities, social and cultural processes are more intense than in villages. As a result of constant migration processes in cities, different cultures and ways of life come into interaction with each other, sometimes conflict, and in many cases assimilate. As a result of these processes, a specific lifestyle is formed that is characteristic of each city and is determined by the ethnic culture of its main population. The main objective of the study is to identify ethnocultural changes taking place in the lifestyle and material culture of the population of Sumgait, the second largest and industrial city of Azerbaijan. As the results of the survey of urban housing in Sumgayit show, despite the standardized appearance of modern city apartments, local ethnocultural features are preserved in the subject environment, structure and color scheme of the interiors. The study suggests that, despite the intense interaction between the various sociocultural groups that made up the population of Sumgayit, at present the city has not formed common stereotypes of urban culture and lifestyle typical for the whole city. In this regard, the interior decoration of residential buildings often does not correspond to the characteristics and traditional ideas of different population groups. It was found that the interior of the apartments as a whole and their specific ethnic characteristics often depend on the type of housing. The study suggests that the popular culture, which is rapidly spreading in Sumgait and in Azerbaijan as a whole, determines the spread of a globalized, mainly Western way of life and modern stereotypes of behavior.
Un persa entre los socráticos. La figura de Ciro y la Ciropedia en Antístenes y Platón
Authors: Illarraga Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

Una mirada desatenta sobre las reflexiones políticas del periodo clásico podría llevar a pensar que la Ciropedia es, por su protagonista, un producto excepcional de Jenofonte. En este trabajo nos proponemos mostrar cómo, contra esa posible concepción, la figura de Ciro goza de una destacada presencia en el grupo socrático, en particular, para Antístenes y Platón. Por esto, rastrearemos el lugar que ocupan las referencias al príncipe persa en las obras de estos dos filósofos socráticos, colocando especial atención a la manera en la que se vinculan, mediante su caracterización de Ciro, con la Ciropedia.
Lariguet, Guillermo. Dilemas en la moral, la política y el derecho. Montevideo; Buenos Aires B de F, 2018.
Authors: Misseri Lucas Emmanuel
Published: September 2020

Reseña del último libro del filósofo argentino Guillermo Lariguet
Teachers’ Understanding of Evidence of Students’ Social Emotional Learning and Self-Reported Gains of Monitored Implementation of SEL Toolkit
Authors: Martinsone Baiba , Ferreira Marco , Talić Sanela
Published: September 2020

Aim. The aim of this study was to highlight and analyse teachers’ responses to the evidence of their students’ social emotional growth and teachers’ own gains from the monitored implementation of social emotional learning in their classes.

Methods. The research group was composed of 312 teachers from Latvia and Slovenia, who were involved in the implementation of indirect social emotional learning through classroom instruction and formative assessment. A thematic analysis of the teachers’ written responses was performed.

Results. A thematic analysis of the teachers’ responses indicated that initially they had mentioned mostly (expressed) general statements and only some small part of their responses included observable and measurable indicators of students’ social emotional skills improvement. Therefore, four months after the beginning of the intervention, teachers reported rather on their personal and professional gains from the participation in this intervention than provided general statements.

Conclusions. The teachers’ improved self-reflection is a premise for them to consider evidence of students’ social emotional skills development thus facilitating purposeful social emotional learning in schools.
Background Characteristics of the Individuals Attaining Higher Education in India: A Sociological Study of Srinagar City
Authors: Bazaz Rabiya Yaseen , Akram Mohammad
Published: September 2020

Aim: Higher education has experienced major changes in last few decades in India in terms of its expansion, content and reach. Massification of higher education has increased access to education and people belonging to different social backgrounds are getting enrolled in higher education. A pertinent question that emerges here is: what kind of relationship exists between the background characteristics of people and the levels and types of higher education they attain? This descriptive study provides a comprehensive answer.

Method: This empirical work is conducted in Srinagar city of India. It covered 704 respondents belonging to 245 households. Survey method was used for collecting primary data and structured interviews were conducted by making use of interview-schedule.

Results: This study finds that higher education in Srinagar is readily available for many but such availability is embedded within constraints related to gender, age, occupation and education of parents and caste related identities. People coming from different social backgrounds acquire different types and levels of higher education. It creates hierarchy among and within academic courses of higher education and inequalities among the groups.

Conclusion: Higher education reflects as well as promotes social inequalities in contemporary context and thus the egalitarian goals of higher education are getting compromised. There is need to bring change in the courses and contents of higher education so that it can address to dynamic needs of people coming from different backgrounds. Education needs to become a vehicle for liberation and social transformation and should not remain a mere agency of social reproduction.

Key words: social background; courses within higher education; higher education in different contexts; gender; caste; parent’s background; descriptive study.
The Forum Theatre in the prevention of exclusion from a peer group in the school space
Authors: Forysiewicz Barbara
Published: September 2020

Aim. The article is a report from the research conducted in 2017 during the Forum Theatre performance, and it demonstrates the possibilities of using the Forum Theatre of Augusto Boal in activities to prevent exclusion from the peer group of teenage students. The purpose of this article is to signal the possibility of using the idea of ​​ Boal in preventing exclusions in the school space.

Methods. In order to discuss the problems, the analysis of source material and participant observations were used.

Results. At Forum Theatre, young people reveal their worldview and value system by interacting with actors and performing stage activities. The teacher, observing the students actions in the performance, can assess their empathy, sensitivity and interpersonal competence. The teacher gets to know the qualities that affect the student’s mental state at the time of exclusion from the peer group. In the theatrical activity, the personality of the student with his or her predisposition to being a victim or torturer is revealed. Using the example of the analysed spectacle The Cage directed by Jarosław Rebeliński in 2017, it is clearly seen that the Forum Theatre makes it possible to get to know the student, and thus his or her problems in relation with peers. Forum Theatre shows the effects and causes of exclusion while simultaneously signalling to the teacher the symptoms of the problem manifesting themselves in the behaviour of young people.

Conclusion. Forum Theatre can be a diagnostic method for teachers in activities preventing the exclusion of a student from a peer group at school. Forum Theatre can be used as a method of working with students at risk of exclusion due to intolerance, lack of acceptance or lack of developed communication skills.