bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La structure du libre arbitre et le péché de l’Ange
Authors: Gilliot Joseph-Marie
Published: October 2021

En publiant en 1965 Le Péché et la durée de l’ange , le P. Guérard des Lauriers, o. p. (1898-1989) offrait une contribution majeure à un débat qui divisait les thomistes. En 1946 en effet, la parution de Surnaturel du P. de Lubac avait remis en cause, textes de Thomas d’Aquin à l’appui, la thèse de l’impeccabilité naturelle de l’ange, jusqu’alors (presque) unanimement reçue dans l’École thomiste. Deux interprétations de Thomas d’Aquin polarisèrent alors le débat : la raison de la peccabilité de l’ange est à rechercher ou bien dans son élévation à l’ordre surnaturel ( De malo , q. 16, a. 4), ou bien dans la structure même de la créature angélique ( Summa theologiae I a  Pars, q. 63, a. 1). Servi par une herméneutique renouvelée des textes de Thomas sur la peccabilité de l’ange, et fort d’un redéploiement d’une doctrine thomiste de la liberté, articulée dans sa double dimension de spécification et d’exercice, Guérard établit que le fondement de la liberté des créatures spirituelles – et donc leur peccabilité – se situe au cœur de leur constitution métaphysique, dans la distinction réelle entre nature et personne, sans qu’intervienne nécessairement la distinction des ordres naturel et surnaturel. Son analyse pénétrante et novatrice le conduit à mettre au jour une structure du libre arbitre, laquelle intègre et unit sans confusion les deux ordres de réalité engagés dans l’acte libre : le métaphysique et le moral. Il offre ainsi une contribution de premier plan à l’élaboration d’une philosophie contemporaine de la liberté, attestant par-là la fécondité de la tradition thomiste.
Quelle place pour les petits hôpitaux & hôpitaux de proximité ?
Authors: Carpo Youen
Published: October 2021

L’hôpital de proximité, remis au goût du jour en 2018 par la stratégie nationale « Ma Santé 2022 » est le fruit d’une longue histoire que l’on peut faire débuter avec le décret n° 59-957 du 3 août 1959 créant l’hôpital rural. Au fil du temps, ces établissements se transformeront en hôpital local en 1972, puis disparaîtront de la nomenclature officielle avec la loi HPST en 2009, avant de réapparaître en 2016 sous leur vocable actuel et d’être confortés dans leur missions par « Ma Santé 2022 ». Nous verrons ce qu’est aujourd’hui un hôpital de proximité au vu des textes récents mais une vision historique montrera que peu de choses dans ce concept sont neuves ; puis nous nous pencherons sur la place de ces hôpitaux dans le maillage sanitaire territorial ; enfin nous nous efforcerons de conclure sur les conditions de réussite de cette réforme remettant une nouvelle fois en avant l’hôpital de proximité comme outils pertinent en réponse aux problématiques de santé actuelles.
Groupements hospitaliers de territoire et intégrations hospitalières
Authors: Dagorn Claude , Giorgi Dominique , Meunier Alain
Published: October 2021

Les groupements hospitaliers de territoire (GHT) ont été mis en place en 2016 et 2017. Leurs objectifs sont principalement la prise en charge commune et graduée des patients « dans le but d’assurer une égalité d’accès à des soins sécurisés et de qualité » et la rationalisation économique de leur fonctionnement. Juste avant la crise sanitaire, où certains semblent avoir joué un rôle positif, ils apparaissaient « au milieu du gué », avec des déploiements très inégaux, du fait d’obstacles endogènes (constitution plus ou moins adaptée, faiblesse de l’établissement support) ou exogènes (offre de soins peu dynamique, tension sur les postes médicaux, concurrence avec le secteur privé). Si les bases des GHT ont été efficacement jetées (gouvernance mise en place, projets médicaux partagés arrêtés de manière participative, avec certains exemples probants de filières organisées, cadres de partage de moyens correctement établis, par exemple dans le domaine des achats), les complexités des coopérations à mettre en œuvre tempèrent un bilan encore incertain et variable selon les situations locales (gouvernance lourde, avec certaines instances peu actives, projets médico-soignants peu ouverts sur le secteur médicosocial et la ville, ambitions de gradation modestes et généralement sans évolution programmée de l’offre hospitalière, mutualisation de moyens limitée notamment pour la mise en commun des ressources en médecins). À la suite de la loi du 24 juillet 2019 et du Ségur de la santé, les GHT disposent de moyens d’action nouveaux, d’ordre institutionnel et financier. Leur bon usage implique, dans le respect de leurs objectifs, de renforcer l’offre de proximité, avant de la conjuguer avec une dynamique d’intégration consolidée.
L’activité libérale des praticiens hospitaliers : une mise en perspective historique et juridique
Authors: Apollis Benoît
Published: October 2021

Issu de la réforme Debré de 1958, le secteur privé a été supprimé dans les années 1980 et remplacé par l’activité libérale des praticiens hospitaliers, qui a été pérennisée depuis lors. À telle enseigne qu’aujourd’hui, malgré les réticences que le secteur d’activité libérale a toujours suscitées, l’évolution du droit qui s’y applique a tendance non seulement à confirmer son existence mais encore à élargir son régime à d’autres occurrences que celles initialement prévues par les textes.
A market-oriented database design for critical material research
Authors: Nguyen Ruby T. ,   Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA, Toba Ange-Lionel , Severson Michael H. , Woodbury Ethan M. , Carey Austin R. , Devin Imholte D. ,   UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,   Brigham Young University-CIdaho, Rexburg, ID 83460, USA
Published: October 2021

Material databases are important tools to provide and store information from material research. Rising concerns about supply-chain risks to raw materials presents a need to incorporate raw-material market and end-use application data, beyond basic chemical and physical properties, into a material database. One key challenge for researchers working on critical materials is information scarcity and inconsistency. This paper introduces, as a result of a two-year project, a critical-material commodity database (CMCD) incorporated with a low-code web-based platform that allows easy access for users and simple updates for the authors. The main goal of this project was to educate material scientists on the applications having the most impact on the supply chain and current industrial specifications/markets for each application. The objective was to provide material researchers with harmonized information so that they could gain a better understanding of the market, focus their technologies on an application with a high potential for commercialization, and better contribute to supply-chain risk reduction. While the goal was met with high receptivity, several limitations stemmed from query design, distribution platform, and quality of data source. To overcome some of these limitations and expand on CMCD's potential, we are building a public webpage with an improved interface, better data organization, and higher extensibility.
Unprecedented occurrence of snow disasters over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since 1980
Authors: Liu Qi ,   College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China, He Le , Zeng Jing , Wang Yetang ,   Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250101, China
Published: October 2021

Continuous snowfall caused natural disasters, called snow disasters here, frequently occur on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China in recent decades, and cause a large number of losses of animal husbandry and human property. However, their long-term changes are poorly known. Here we use historical records to place recent variations of snow disasters under the background of the past 200 years. There are 366 snow disasters events for the 1820–2009 period, of which 230 happen during 1980–2009. In particular, the count of each decadal events since 1980 is larger than any other time during the past two centuries.
PROLIFERATION OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE EXPOSED TO PULSED MAGNETIC FIELDS OF LOW INTENSITY
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Erandeni Xuxumarat , Álvarez De la Paz Laura Patricia , Mondragón-Jaimes Verónica Alejandra , Hernández-Reyes Benjamín , Villagómez-Castro Julio César , Sosa-Aquino Modesto
Published: October 2021

Yeast cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were exposed to pulsed magnetic fields of low intensity. Field intensities from 0.92 mT to 2.73[Formula: see text]mT and frequencies of 20, 77.5, 135, 192.5 and 250[Formula: see text]Hz were employed. Proliferation and cell viability measurements were made in exposed and control cultures. For the frequency of 20[Formula: see text]Hz, statistically significant differences were found ([Formula: see text]) in cell proliferation using field intensities of 1.81 and 2.71[Formula: see text]mT. No changes were observed at this frequency for lower field strengths. At 77.5[Formula: see text]Hz, only changes in proliferation were observed for 0.92[Formula: see text]mT ([Formula: see text]). No changes were observed to any other frequency or intensity of the magnetic field. The cell viability studies were performed at different times, from 4 to 12[Formula: see text]h of exposure. At 1.81[Formula: see text]mT and 20[Formula: see text]Hz, an increase in colony-forming units (CFUs) of 26.1% was observed ([Formula: see text]) at 4[Formula: see text]h, and after 10[Formula: see text]h of exposure the increase in CFUs was 51.5% ([Formula: see text]). But when exposing the cells for 9[Formula: see text]h to a magnetic field of 2.71[Formula: see text]mT at 20[Formula: see text]Hz, the CFUs decreased by 25.9% ([Formula: see text]), and at 0.92[Formula: see text]mT and 77.5[Formula: see text]Hz, a decrease in CFUs of 18.6% was observed ([Formula: see text]) at 4[Formula: see text]h, while after 12 h of exposure an increase in CFU of 23.5% ([Formula: see text]) was determined. These results suggest the presence of a frequency window between 20[Formula: see text]Hz and 77.5[Formula: see text]Hz, where the effects of the magnetic field are significant.
Environmental Sensitivity of Planning Practices in Bangladesh vis-à-vis Evolution of Planning Theories
Authors: Islam Kazi Saiful
Published: October 2021

Bangladesh has a long history of physical planning. It started with blueprint-based master planning approach in the 1950s. Since the late 1970s, it has slowly shifted to the rational planning approach following the path laid down by the United Kingdom. Lately, infusion of the North American planning thoughts is observed. Thus, Bangladeshi physical planning never had its own identity. Structure plans are loosely tied to the other tiers of planning packages that are used for development management. Though most of the structure plans address environmental issues, lower tiers of plans often lack their reflection. Often policies are laid down based on popular belief rather than scientific evidence. To establish these arguments, the evolution of the planning practices of Bangladesh is illustrated briefly in the context of the evolution of planning theory. Additionally, environmental sensitivity of a physical plan covering one of the most ecologically sensitive and economically potential areas of Bangladesh, namely Mongla master plan (MNP) is evaluated, as an example, considering the spatial dispersion of sulfur dioxide to be discharged by the coal-fired thermal power plant at Rampal. Unfortunately, MMP failed to stand out from all the rest to prove its soundness.
Urban Flood Management Under Changing Climate
Authors: Ahamed Muhammed Sulfikkar , Anilkumar Shyni
Published: October 2021

Climate change and the associated phenomenon have put major cities and their surroundings at multi-dimensional risk patterns because of hazards, with flooding being a major hazard in the Asian Peninsula. With authorities such as National Disaster Management Authority, India reporting multiple urban local bodies to be under flood risk, it is essential to prioritize flood risk management in the urban planning process in India. Kochi, the commercial capital of Kerala, India has been frequently affected by flooding events. Various factors have been attributed to the flood risk of Kochi Corporation, which requires validation. Against this backdrop, the study focuses on comprehending significant factors attributed to the vulnerability of settlements in the study region and promoting a way forward based on lessons learned and good practices across the world. This is achieved by analyzing significant databases and computations using GIS. The research outcome would help define strategies for sustainable land-use-based development, promoting effective flood management in the Kochi urban area.
Requisite Sustainable Development Contemplating Buildings
Authors: Bhyan Parul , Shrivastava Bhavna , Kumar Nand
Published: October 2021

Sustainable development is a requisite for future generation, as increasing urbanization, destruction of natural resources by anthropic activities, degrading ecosystems for the sake of present economic development at cost of environmental exploitation are increasing by each passing day on earth. The goal of this chapter is to provide meaningful insights for policy-makers and decision-makers towards sustainable development in the construction industry. This study is first-of-its-kind study focusing on the Sustainable Developments Goals and sustainability dimensions and their criteria and indicators in one compilation through literature study. The study concludes that there is a need to integrate the construction industry into the Sustainable Development Goals and their targets to test the built environment sustainability and there is a need to develop the most adequate frameworks for commencing the topic. Two possible frameworks suggested for future research recommendation needed for the Indian context to enhance sustainability within construction industry are based on LCSA and MCDM analysis.
How Do Value Co-Creation and E-Engagement Enhance E-Commerce Consumer Repurchase Intention?
Authors: Jebarajakirthy Charles , Saha Victor , Goyal Praveen , Mani Venkatesh
Published: October 2021

This study develops an integrated model to investigate how value co-creation, driven by positively-valanced e-engagement, enhances repurchase intention among e-commence consumers. Applying the tenets of UTAUT, this study also examines the moderating role of technology adoption in the association between e-engagement and value co-creation in the e-commerce context. Data were collected via 411 surveys completed by e-commerce consumers in India. Data analysis was done using PLS structural equation modelling. Results show that value co-creation, driven by positively-valanced e-engagement, enhances repurchase intention among e-commerce consumers, while, technology adoption moderates the association between positively-valanced e-engagement and value co-creation. The findings also reveal that consumption values, such as utilitarian and hedonic values, mediate the effects of value co-creation on repurchase intention among e-commerce consumers.
A Study on the Mechanism of the Protective Effect of GuangeFang on Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Li Shuo , Liu Qing-Quan
Published: October 2021

Objective:

The objective of this study was to explore the mechanism of Guan Gefang (GGF) ; raw rhubarb 30 g, cassia arboreal 30 g, raw oyster 30 g, ground elm 60 g, and dandelion 30 g) kidney protection.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (Group N), a sepsis control group (Group S), and a sepsis + GGF group (Group G). For Group N, 8 ml/kg 0.9% NaCl was used as an enema; for Group S, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method was used for modeling and 8 ml/kg 0.9% NaCl was used as an enema; and Group G, CLP was used for modeling and 8 ml/kg GGF was used as an enema. All of the enemas were applied once daily for 4 days. The indices of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) were compared across each group.

Results:

Compared to Group S, Group G had lower levels of SCr, BUN, and UA (P < 0.05), while the activities of mTOR and JAK2 were significantly inhibited.

Conclusion:

GGF may have inhibited the JAK2 or mTOR signaling pathways to protect the rats' kidneys, which had sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.
Impact of Adherence, Patient Perception, and Knowledge to Statin Therapy – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Umarje Siddhi , James Neha M. , Dave Priti , Raut Asawari , Pandey Neha
Published: October 2021

Background and Objective:

Cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, are common in Indian population. Statin utilization is high across the country and it is important to assess the adherence because it plays an important role in treatment outcome. Statin adherence is not studied well in India. This study aims at measuring the adherence, perception, and knowledge of individuals on statin therapy.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional observational study on 130 consented individuals visiting a tertiary care teaching hospital. Study was conducted for a duration of 9 months.

Methods and Materials:

After obtaining approval from the institutional ethics committee the study subjects were assessed for knowledge, perception, and adherence to statin therapy using a systematically developed interview questionnaire.

Results:

Good adherence was seen in 42.30% patients. Higher proportions of females were reported to have good adherence. Good adherence was observed in patients with a history of coronary heart disease and atorvastatin as monotherapy (P= 0.0029) and fixed dose combination (P= 0.0012), whereas lipid reduction was found directly related to type of adherence. Lack of knowledge, cost, re-fill issues, and adverse effects were some of the barriers identified.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

Knowledge and patient perception plays a very important role in determining the adherence to statin therapy. A history of coronary heart disease, choice of statin, and cost of therapy are the contributing factors to adherence. Patient counselling and improving the cost-effectiveness of statin therapy can be considered as interventional strategies to overcome adherence issues.
Comments on "Synergy-Based Functional Electrical Stimulation for Poststroke Rehabilitation of Upper-Limb Motor Functions"
Authors: Hashemi Shahrzad , Mirjalili Arezoo , Kobravi Hamid-Reza
Published: October 2021

Despite the interesting innovation proposed in the paper, “Synergy-based functional electrical stimulation for poststroke rehabilitation of upper-limb motor functions,” concerning the design of functional electrical stimulation (FES) profile, we are skeptical regarding the genuine effectiveness of the applied rehabilitation strategy. In this note, we argue that applying the rehabilitation method proposed in the above-noted work cannot pave the way for eliciting a motor learning process. Consequently, the proposed method cannot be regarded as a FES-based rehabilitation approach for poststroke rehabilitation of upper-limb motor functions.
Noções básicas de R com dados tabulares
Authors: Dewar Taryn
Published: October 2021

Esta lição ensina uma maneira de analisar rapidamente grandes volumes de dados tabulares, tornando a pesquisa mais rápida e eficaz.
BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR E OS EXERGAMES – O QUE LICENCIANDOS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA FALAM SOBRE A SUA APLICABILIDADE
Authors: SOUZA Osmano Tavares de , RAMALHO Carla
Published: October 2021

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular traz novos Eixos temáticos e Objetos de Conhecimento para a Educação Física. Para compreender como graduandos vêem a aplicação do conhecimento jogos eletrônicos na sua futura prática docente, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de entender as possibilidades de utilização dos Exergames (EXGs), as sugestões da BNCC dentro dos Objetos de Conhecimento nomeado Jogos Eletrônicos, pelos futuros professores nas suas aulas de Educação Física.Utilizamos o método de teoria estatística, tendo como tipo de amostragem por conveniência. Sendo entrevistados 10 alunos do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Temos como resultado: 100% dos pesquisados entendem que os EXGs podem ser utilizados no ensino de modalidades esportivas; 70% dos alunos entrevistados enxergam a possibilidade do uso dos EXGs nas suas aulas. Concluímos que a utilização dos EXGs pode ser uma ferramenta viável, levando em consideração os futuros professores da área.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE LETRAMENTO EM SAÚDE E A PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADES FÍSICAS REGULARES ENTRE IDOSOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Souto Martins Emily , Mansano Bauman José , Lasmar Gomes Pereira Marília , Eleutério de Barros Lima Martins Andréa Maria , Valéria Dias Souto Santos Simone , Donato Bauman Claudiana
Published: October 2021

O envelhecimento e as alterações fisiológicas podem comprometer o desempenho do idoso em suas atividades diárias. A prática de Atividades Físicas Regulares (AFR) é reconhecida como uma relevante ferramenta para promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças. O Letramento em Saúde (LS) se refere às habilidades das pessoas em acessar, compreender, avaliar e aplicar informações relacionadas ao autocuidado e aos cuidados do sistema de saúde tendo em vista a tomada de decisões adequadas. Neste sentido, tem se mostrado um dos principais determinantes em saúde. Objetivo: identificar através de uma revisão integrativa, questões teóricas relacionadas ao LS no que diz respeito a prática de AFR, possíveis associações entre o nível de (LS) e essa prática entre idosos, assim como,suas implicações. Metodologia: foram incluídos artigos publicados em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis nas bases de dados Bireme e Pubmed, no período de 2004 a 2019. A análise crítica foi fundamentada na adequação metodológica: delineamento, plano amostral,controle de vieses e nível de evidência.Resultados: foram identificadas as seguintes questões relacionadas ao LS no que diz respeito a prática de AFR: a aprendizagem ativa aumenta os níveis de LS; os instrumentos de avaliação do LS devem ser válidos e confiáveis; LS inadequado foi relacionado ao inadequado cumprimento das diretrizes para a realização de AFR. Quanto às possíveis associações constatou-se que a qualidade do LS foi associada à prática da AFR eque pessoas com adequados níveis deLS, obtiveram diferenças significativas para a adesão e participação em programas de AFR. Quanto às implicações observou-se que: baixos níveis de LS podem promover o declínio físico entre idoso sem função de comportamentos deletérios no que diz respeito à saúde. Conclusão: Questões teóricas importantes foram identificadas,o LS baixo ou inadequado foi associado com níveis insuficientes, impróprios ou com nenhum tipo de AFR, o que implica em alterações deletérias no organismo de idosos.
Palavras-chaves:Idoso.Exercício físico.Atividade física.Alfabetização em saúde.
Etiopatogenia da osteoartrite: conceitos atuais
Authors: Silva Taísa Morete da , Toledo Roberto Acayaba de
Published: October 2021

O termo osteoartrite refere-se a uma doença única, na qual se verifica uma desordem articular caracterizada por estresse celular e degradação da matriz extracelular iniciados por micro e macroinjúrias, que deflagram resposta de reparo desfigurada, incluindo vias pró-inflamatórias da imunidade inata. A doença se manifesta primeiramente como um desarranjo molecular, evidenciado por metabolismo tecidual articular anormal, seguido por desestruturação anatômica e/ou fisiológica, explicitados por degradação cartilaginosa, remodelação óssea, formação osteofitária, inflamação articular e presença ou não de disfunção articular. O embasamento nessa definição mais específica, firmada pela OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International), visa a uniformizar a comunicação, com estabelecimento de um consenso global, objetivando minimizar dificuldades para o desenvolvimento de terapias modificadoras de doença.
A osteoartrite constitui-se na condição clínica mais prevalente do sistema articular e, embora esteja ligada ao envelhecimento, ela não deve ser considerada uma doença degenerativa, haja vista que, como já mencionado, há evidências de aumento considerável do metabolismo celular articular em resposta a uma agressão à cartilagem. Desse modo, a osteoartrite, em qualquer região/localização, deve ser entendida como uma insuficiência cartilaginosa associada a fatores genéticos, hormonais, mecânicos, ósseos e metabólicos, que acarretam degradação do tecido cartilaginoso com consequente remodelação óssea e algum grau de inflamação sinovial, podendo resultar em incapacidade funcional, piora da qualidade de vida e custos elevados ao sistema de saúde. Portanto, recomenda-se evitar a utilização dos termos “osteoartrite primária” e “osteoartrite secundária”.
Salientar os aspectos atuais envolvidos na etiopatogênese do processo osteoartrítico objetiva, em última análise, aperfeiçoar a abordagem terapêutica, oferecendo, a partir das características fenotípicas, sabidamente mais acessíveis que o perfil genotípico, um tratamento personalizado.
Em relação ao genótipo, definido como a composição genética de um indivíduo, tem-se verificado grande papel no aparecimento da osteoartrite, sendo relatado um risco 2 a 3 vezes maior de desenvolvimento da doença em parentes de primeiro grau, bem como a associação entre osteoartrite em diferentes topografias e determinados antígenos leucocitários humanos.
No que tange aos fatores biomecânicos que predispõem à doença, destacam-se o dano ou deformidade articular prévios, obesidade e fraqueza muscular. Tais características estariam, então, mais associadas ao conceito de fenótipo, sendo este a manifestação visível ou detectável de um genótipo, em combinação com as interferências do meio ambiente, inclusive no que engloba a participação do aspecto psicoemocional.
Novos procedimentos osteoarticulares: existem benefícios no uso local de PRP e toxina botulínica?
Authors: Furtado Rita N. V. , Tamashiro José Carlos Nunes , Mendes Jamille Godoy
Published: October 2021

A terapia intra-articular teve o seu início na primeira metade do século 20 com a primeira injeção intra-articular de corticoide. Desde então, várias são as drogas que já foram utilizadas pela via intra-articular para o tratamento de artropatias inflamatórias ou degenerativas. Algumas das mais recentemente utilizadas são o plasma rico em plaquetas e a toxina botulínica, principalmente no tratamento da osteoartrite (OA). O tratamento da OA é um desafio para médicos do aparelho locomotor. A escassez de drogas condroprotetoras efetivas, a toxicidade das drogas sintomáticas disponíveis e a variabilidade de ação das drogas de uso intra-articular fazem o tratamento do paciente com OA insatisfatório em vários casos.
Instrumento diagnóstico em miopatias: biópsias musculares
Authors: Silva André Macedo Serafim da , Zanoteli Edmar
Published: October 2021

O diagnóstico em pacientes com fraqueza muscular e suspeita de miopatia envolve diferentes exames e procedimentos complementares. A dosagem da creatinofosfoquinase (CK), a eletroneuromiografia (ENMG), a ressonância magnética (RM), o estudo de DNA e a biópsia muscular são ferramentas que podem ser aplicadas, sendo selecionadas caso a caso.
A biópsia muscular é um procedimento relativamente simples e seguro, sendo essencial no diagnóstico de diferentes tipos de miopatias. Nem todos os pacientes com doença muscular necessitarão de biópsia muscular, especialmente com os avanços do diagnóstico genético. Entretanto, em alguns indivíduos, apenas com a biópsia muscular obteremos o diagnóstico definitivo, por exemplo, na miosite por corpos de inclusão, sendo, portanto, o padrão-ouro em certas afecções musculares.
A maior limitação da biópsia muscular é a necessidade de laboratório especializado e profissionais com experiência para processamento das amostras e correta interpretação dos achados histológicos, não usuais em laboratórios de patologia geral.
O sucesso diagnóstico da biópsia muscular é variável em diferentes centros. A taxa de diagnósticos específicos obtidos através do procedimento varia de 32% a 52%, mesmo nos locais de experiência reconhecida. A percentagem de resultados normais varia de 14% a 27% e de achados inespecíficos, em torno de 22% a 28%. Assim, mais da metade dos pacientes submetidos a biópsia muscular podem ficar sem um diagnóstico definitivo, sendo esses dados importantes para ajustar as expectativas do médico e do paciente.
Assim, para a obtenção de um melhor rendimento diagnóstico, alguns pontos devem ser considerados ao se solicitar uma biópsia muscular, como a seleção adequada do paciente, seleção adequada do músculo a ser biopsiado, a escolha de laboratórios que possam executar apropriadamente a coleta do material e o processamento das amostras e, finalmente, saber alguns conceitos básicos de interpretação do exame e reconhecimento das principais armadilhas diagnósticas. Esses temas serão abordados nesta revisão.
Rice- Fallows: A Destiny or Opportunity to Farmers from Bhagalpur District of Bihar
Authors: Rahaman S.M.
Published: October 2021

The study attempted to critically review the status and scope of rice fallows in India, specifically to the Bhagalpur district of Bihar. Technological progress and capital-intensive cultivation through conversion of marginal lands into mitigated the ever-increasing demand of food production for burgeoning population to some extent but a continuous expansion of fallow lands brought serious concern on policy dynamics. The changes in temporal and spatial distribution of fallow lands are mostly documented due to increasing variability in the precipitation and irrigation water, and low level of mechanization. However, this is not true in case of flood and drought prone areas, and state like Bihar, where farmers are financially weak and technological expansion is very limited. The results revealed that, the most important constraint for rice fallows was rainfed ecology, low soil moisture content after the harvest of paddy and lack of irrigation facilities. The farmers also identified lack of short duration and high yielding varieties, poor plant stand, no use of fertilizers and chemicals and severe weed infestation in the field as the other major constraints. The size of land holding was found positively significant with rice fallows area indicating that the income penalty of keeping land fallow could not be tolerated by marginal small farmers
Implementación y seguimiento del sistema dual de aprendizaje en la carrera de ingeniería electromecánica
Authors: Medina Lozano Alejandra , Cantu Munguia Irma Adriana , Marcial Carrillo Ángel
Published: October 2021

La implementación del sistema dual de aprendizaje surge de la necesidad que se tiene de que los estudiantes de ingeniería se adentren en el campo laboral previo a la culminación de su carrera profesional, y de esa forma, pongan en práctica el aprendizaje teórico recibido. La metodología para la implementación y el seguimiento de este proyecto está basada en la investigación-acción, se establecieron las necesidades, se desarrolló el currículum, que en este caso se consideró como una de las especialidades de la carrera, pero en modalidad dual. Los resultados han rebasado las expectativas, los alumnos son contratados mucho antes de que terminen su programa, son capaces de presentar propuestas de mejora y de llevarlas a cabo.

AbstractThe implementation of dual vocational education and training, derives from the necessity that engineering students need to be able to integrate themselves in the employment arena before culminating their professional career, thus, applying theoretical knowledge acquired. The methodology used to implement and monitor this project is based on investigation – action, necessities were established, a curriculum was developed which in this case was considered as part of its major but in a dual modality. Results have surpassed all expectations, students were hired much before they had ended the program, they are capable of presenting proposals for improvement and carry them out.
PENERAPAN METODE TANYA JAWAB UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN SKI SISWA KELAS VI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Gani Abdul
Published: October 2021

Proses pembelajaran SKI berarti proses membelajarkan segala aspek fenomena, perkembangan dan permasalahan kehidupan sosial manusia di masyarakat. Dalam pelaksanaannya haruslah diciptakan kondisi pembelajaran yang aktif, kreatif, efektif dan menyenangkan bagi peserta didik sehingga dapat mengembangkan pola pikir peserta didik. Faktor yang penting dalam pembelajaran SKI seyogianya sesuai dengan aspek minat, bakat dan latar belakang peserta didik. Seperti halnya menemukan teknik perencanaan dan pelaksanaan proses belajar mengajar.Salah satu faktor dalam pembelajaran SKI adalah menemukan konsep-konsep yang cocok untuk dilatihkan pada anak seperti termuat dalam standar kompetensi lintas kurikulum yang meliputi memilih, memadukan dan menerapkan konsep-konsep, pola struktur dan hubungan (Kurikulum; 2004:15).

Tujuan penelitian : 1) Untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran SKI melalui penggunaan metode Tanya jawab di MI.Hidayatul Mubtadi’in. Memberikan alternatif bagi guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran agar efektif dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran dan metode pembelajaran. Peningkatan terlihat bahwa pada siklus 1 dari 15 orang siswa untuk mata pelajaran ski, siswa yang memperoleh nilai 70 ke atas hanya 1 orang siswa atau 7% dan rata-rata nilai adalah 52.67. Sedangkan pada siklus II, siswa yang memperoleh nilai 70 ke atas meningkat menjadi 10 orang (67%) dengan rata-rata nilai 68.33. Selanjutnya untuk siklus III atau terakhir, hampir seluruh siswa memperoleh nilai 70 ke atas, yaitu sebanyak 14 orang (93%) dengan rata-rata nilai 83.33, ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan oleh guru telah mengalami perbaikan pula. Hal ini didorong oleh cara penyajian materi, metode, dan penggunaan media yang sesuai.Penggunaan metode Tanya jawab dalam pembelajaran dan yang sesuai sebaiknya juga dilaksanakan pada pembelajaran materi atau mata pelajaran yang lain.
PENERAPAN METODE GERAK TARI DAN LAGU DAPAT MENINGKATKAN FISIK MOTORIK ANAK DI TK
Authors: Parida Parida
Published: October 2021

Belajar keterampilan fisik (motor learning) dianggap telah terjadi dalam diri seseorang apabila ia telah memperoleh kemampuan dan keterampilan yang melibatkan penggunaan lengan (seperti menggambar dan berlari) secara baik dan benar. Untuk belajar memperoleh kemampuan keterampilan-keterampilan jasmani ini, ia tidak hanya cukup dengan latihan dan praktik. Tetapi juga memerlukan kegiatan perceptual learning (belajar berdasarkan pengamatan) atau kegiatan sensory – motor learning (belajar keterampilan indrawi-jasmani). Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat menumbuhkembangkan kecerdasana anak salah satunya yaitu melalui gerak dan lagu, kegiatan ini dapat memfasilitasi anak anak untuk bermain sambil belajar dengan cara yang menyenangkan, karena usia dini merupakan masa Golden age yang dalam proses pembelajarannya mempunyai hak yang sifatnya bermain, beristirahat dan berekreasi. Proses tersebut digunakan agar seorang anak tidak merasa tertekan. Untuk itu proses pembelajaran harus diciptakan dengan suasana yang kondusif, menyenangkan (bermain sambil belajar) dan dapat menarik perhatian anak serta dapat memotivasinya.
Hepatitis B Related Liver Cirrhosis in Oman
Authors: Al-Naamani Khalid , , Al-Harthi Rahma , Al-Busafi Said A. , Al Zuhaibi Haifa , Al-Sinani Siham , Omer Heba , Rasool Wasif
Published: October 2021

Objectives: An estimated 887 000 deaths were due to chronic hepatitis B (CHB) related complications in 2015 worldwide. Most of these deaths were related to decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oman is a country with an intermediate prevalence of CHB. The Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in Oman in 1990, with a vaccine coverage rate of > 95% reported in 2005. Despite the association between CHB and liver cirrhosis and HCC, no available data from Oman demonstrates CHB-related liver cirrhosis. We sought to estimate the prevalence of CHB among patients with liver cirrhosis from Oman. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and Armed Forces Hospital between January 2006 and April 2013. All pediatric and adult patients with liver cirrhosis were included. We collected demographic data and liver cirrhosis investigations. Results: A total of 419 patients were included. Two-thirds of the patients were males. The median age was 59 years. Omani patients represented the majority (97.1%) of patients with cirrhosis. Diabetes mellitus was present in almost half of the patients, and 22.2% indicated alcohol consumption. Evidence of previous or current hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was found in about half of the cohort (51.3%). Only 3.3% of CHB patients were positive for hepatitis B viral protein. HBV DNA was detected in 47 patients (21.9%), of which 20 patients had a high viral load > 2000 IU/ml. More than a third (36.7%) had positive hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), indicating immunity to HBV, and 27.1% was due to previous HBV infection, 5.2% was immune due to vaccination, and 3.7% had positive anti-HBs and unknown anti-HBc status. Negative anti-HBs was found in 34.1% of the cohort and 29.9% had unknown immunity status. HBV coinfection with HCV was found in 24.7% of HBV patients with cirrhosis. Conclusions: Serological markers of CHB are common among liver cirrhosis patients in Oman. CHB related cirrhosis was more common in old age males than females (70.7% vs. 29.3%, respectively; p < 0.010). Evidence of past or present HBV infection was found in > 50% of the patients.
Simbol Dan Pemaknaan Ritual Adat Tepung Tawar Dalam Perkahwinan Masyarakat Melayu Sarawak
Authors: Bohari Sarra Jastika , Magiman Mohamad Maulana
Published: October 2021

Pengamalan ritual adat tepung tawar dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak khususnya perkahwinan masih menjadi kebiasaan. Adat ini dipercayai secara turun temurun mampu memberi kesejahteraan dan kebahagiaan kepada individu yang direnjis. Pada dasarnya, adat tepung tawar dilihat sebagai upacara menabur beras kuning, bertih jagung, bunga rampai dan merenjis air wangi kepada orang yang diraikan (pengantin). Oleh itu, penelitian penyelidikan ini adalah untuk menganalisis makna simbol yang terkandung dalam pelaksanaan ritual adat tepung tawar yang dilaksanakan di sekitar daerah Petra Jaya, Sarawak. Kajian menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan pengkaji turut serta dalam adat yang dilaksanakan. Data diperoleh melalui temu bual etnografi bersama informan utama, iaitu mak andam, pengamal adat dan orang agama(iman dan kadi). Dengan itu, analisis data menjelaskan bahawa simbol yang digunakan dalam adat tepung tawar yang telah diterjemahkan menerusi aspek bahan yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaanya yang mana secara simboliknya membawa makna kekayaan(rezeki), kesucian, kecantikan, kesuburan, akhlak dan kebahagiaan.
Model Kewartawanan yang Ideal untuk Konteks Malaysia – Mengimbangi Ilmu Kewartawanan Barat dengan Kewartawanan Islam
Authors: Lee Kuok Tiung , Othman Siti Suriani , Nayan Liana Mat
Published: October 2021

Makalah ini bertujuan membincangkan sebuah rangka teoritikal berkaitan model kewartawanan yang ideal sesuai dengan konteks Malaysia yang unik sebagai sebuah negara sekular. Ini penting mengambilkira Malaysia sebagai sebuah negara membangun yang rakykatnya terdiri daripada masyarakat pluralistik yang berbilang kaum dan agama. Tiga tekanan paling besar yang terpaksa dihadapi kewartawanan di Malaysia ialah penularan fenomena globalisasi, kemunculan mendadak portal-portal berita alternatif menerusi Internet dalam mediaskap baharu Malaysia, dan hegemoni media Barat. Asas kepada perbincangan ini diambil daripada idea-idea model kewartawanan yang dikemukakan oleh sarjana-sarjana seperti Siebert et al. (1956), Rugh (1987), H.M. Tuah Iskandar (1990), Skjerdal (2008), Mowlana (1996), Elliot (2002), Eickelman dan Anderson (2003), Khiabany (2003), Mellor (2005), Berenger (2005), Seeram (2006), Iskandar (2007), dan beberapa lagi sarjana kewartawanan yang membincangkan tentang model kewartawanan. Premis model kewartawanan Barat pada asasnya berteraskan kepada kebebasan dan berorientasikan keuntungan manakala asas kepada kewartawanan Islam berpandukan kepada prinsip-prinsip Islam dan penekanan pandangan-pandangan Islam tentang peranan media seperti menyeru kepada kebaikan, membuat makruf, menghindar yang mungkar, dan seruan media menjadi muraqqib serta muhasabah kepada kerajaan. Melalui perbandingan kedua-dua model, analisis ini cuba mencadangkan sebuah model kewartawanan yang ideal sesuai dengan realiti konteks Malaysia yang penting mengambilkira pertimbangan meminimakan tekanan-tekanan pasaran, pihak yang berkepentingan, selain memastikan tiada mana-mana pihak dalam masyarakat pluralistik Malaysia yang dipinggirkan mahupun tertindas oleh apa yang disarankan.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI METODE COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION (CIRC) UNTUK SISWA SMAN 9 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: SYAHRIL A.
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi hasil belajar siswa melalui metode struktural análisis pada mata pelajaran bahasa indonesia untuk kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 9 Kota Jambi Provinsi Jambi tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian yaitu siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 9 Kota Jambi tahun ajaran 2019/2020 berjumlah 36 siswa. Prosedur penelitian ini dilakukan melalui empat tahapan yaitu: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) pengamatan dan (4) refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui 2 (dua) siklus terdiri dari siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahwa penerapan metode CIRC dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia pada siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 9 Kota Jambi tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Dari hasil analisis siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata 68.05 dengan persentase ketuntasan mencapai 35%, hal ini menunjukan bahwa siswa belum sepenuhnya mencapai ketuntasan belajar. Pada siklus II, ada peningkatan, untuk siklus II dengan nilai rata-rata 75,95 atau sudah termasuk kriteria sangat baik dengan persentase ketuntasan mencapai 80%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata dan persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa pada siklus II, karena 2 kriteria ini sudah memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan maka penelitian dicukupkan di siklus II.
HUBUNGAN MINAT BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS XI.IPA.2 SMAN 1 MUARO JAMBI SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019-2020
Authors: WIJAYA YUDI
Published: October 2021

Penelitian yang dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya minat belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran matematika. Rendahnya minat belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran matematika akan berakibat pada rendahnya hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada hubungan antara minat belajar dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI.IPA.2 SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara dua gejala atau lebih. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI.IPA.2 SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi semester ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 32 orang siswa. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data adalah dengan menggunakan angket (kuesioner) dalam bentuk pilihan ganda. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan analisis korelasi spearman. Variabel yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah minat belajar (X) dan hasil belajar (Y). Hasil penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara minat belajar dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI.IPA.2 SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi yaitu sebesar 0,3751 dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 14,07%. Artinya, hubungan antara minat belajar dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa hanya sebesar 14,07%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara minat belajar dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI.IPA.2 SMA Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TIPE STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR FISIKA UNTUK SISWA SMAN 4 TEBO
Authors: MARIANI MARIANI
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan model pembelajaran tipe Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar fisika untuk siswa SMA Negeri 4 Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe STAD yang melalui 2 siklus, dimana tiap siklus meliputi kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi menurut metode Kemmis dan Taggart. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2019 dan Siklus II pada bulan November 2019. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XII MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 4 Tebo tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 34 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi: Tes diagnostik, wawancara, pengamatan, dan catatan lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD menunjukkan peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa dengan rata-rata hasil belajar sebelum perbaikan sebesar 47,65, setelah siklus I sebesar 68,53 dan mengalami peningkatan setelah siklus II sebesar 82,06. Begitu juga hasil pada tindakan siklus I untuk tingkat ketuntasan belajar siswa baru mencapai 23,53% dimana hanya 8 orang siswa dari 34 orang siswa yang mencapai nilai di atas 75. Setelah dilakukan tindakan siklus II, tingkat ketuntasan belajar siswa menunjukan peningkatan menjadi 94,11% dan masih terdapat 2 orang siswa (5,89 %) yang tidak mencapai nilai di atas 75.