bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING TRACTOR TRACTION PROPERTIES UNDER UNSTABLE COUPLING WEIGHT
Authors:   Kharkiv branch of L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Lebedev A. , Lebedev S. , Korobko A. ,   Kharkiv branch of L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT
Published: August 2023

Abstract Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of using the tractor hitch weight in traction mode by reducing the uneven distribution of vertical reactions between the wheels. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work is the generalization and analysis of known scientific results regarding the theory of the tractor in traction mode. Analytical method and comparative analysis were used to form a scientific problem, determine the goal and set research objectives. When creating empirical models of the tractor, the main provisions of the theory of probabilities were used. The results of the study. The main provisions of the methodology for evaluating the traction properties of the tractor with the instability of the coupling weight have been formulated. The method of evaluating the vertical reactions on the wheels of the tractor is substantiated, which is based on the measurement of the vertical reaction on one of the four wheels. It has been proven that tractors with lubrication to the front or rear axles of the center of mass have the greatest probability of equal distribution of vertical reactions between the wheels of the same axle, while tractors with the center of mass in the middle between the axles have the lowest probability. It is theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed that when the tractor performs plowing work with uneven distribution of loads on the sides, its operation with maximum traction efficiency is ensured by blocking the front and rear axle drivers. Conclusion. A well-founded methodology for evaluating the influence of the position of the tractor’s center of mass on its traction properties. The issue of evaluating the influence of the tractor’s center of mass on its traction properties when aggregated with mounted, trailed and combined agricultural machines remains open. Key words: tractor, traction properties, coupling weight, center of mass, vertical reactions, driving bridges, blocking.
ASSESSMENT OF THE WORK QUALITY OF PRISMATIC ROLLER STEP KPP-6
Authors:   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Shustik L. , Sidorenko S. , Maidanovych V. , Stepchenko S. , Klochay O. , Len O. ,   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT
Published: August 2023

Summary The purpose of research. Evaluation of the quality of technological process performance by the «STEP KPP-6» roller according to such criteria as the intensity and degree of soil compaction, the uniformity of bottom compaction, the degree of destruction of the cracked surface of the soil, the correspondence of the values obtained during the tests to the levels of professional assessment. Research methods. Analytical review of the design, field experiment, determination of indicators by standardized methods and statistical data processing. Results. The research results proved that the prismatic «STEP KPP-6» roller stably performs the technological process of rolling with satisfactory indicators of the quality of work and can be effectively used for its intended purpose. Rolling the surface of the soil, the roller at the same time intensively acts on the bottom, compacting it, which ensures close adherence of the seed to the bottom of the seed bed to obtain uniform and friendly seedlings. The density of the soil in a layer up to 15 cm before the passage of the roller was 0.97 g/cm3, after the passage was 1.15 g/cm3, compaction was 0.18 g/cm3. With the increase in the depth of preliminary tillage after passing the roller, a sharp decrease in the degree of soil compaction is noted: from 72% (at an average depth of 5 cm) to 58% (at an average depth of 10.6 cm). It is also significant to reduce the intensity and uniformity of bottom compaction from 100% to 32% and from 24% to 10% respectively. In addition, the roller ensures the destruction and loosening of the cracked surface of the field by 88% in one pass and by up to 97% in two passes both before sowing and in the presence of seedlings of cultivated plants. Conclusions. Research has established that the «STEP KPP-6» roller has universal structural and technological solutions, meets the technological requirements of a consumer, performs the rolling process with high quality, which, along with an attractive price, puts the machine in the line of high-quality import substitution offers. The use of the «STEP KPP-6» roller is recommended before sowing after deep cultivation for sedimentation of the soil, formation of lower horizons and prevention of their drying by covering the surface with a loosened layer of soil and after sowing to ensure contact of seeds with the soil, effective at destroying the cracked soil surface without and with plants. Key words: rolling, roller, soil density, compaction, tillage depth, crust destruction, cracked soil surface.
STUDY OF DISK WEAR OF THE SOIL PROCESSING UNIT DL-2.5 DURING TESTS IN EXPERIMENTAL OPERATION
Authors:   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Khalin S. , Shustik L. , Stepchenko S. , Sydorenko S. , Gaidai T. ,   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT
Published: August 2023

Summary The purpose of research. Evaluation of the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the wear of the disc working bodies of the DL-2.5 soil tillage unit on the basis of monitoring their condition during tests in the conditions of experimental operation over a 6-year period and forecasting the possibility of further operation of the unit. Research methods. Analysis of the machine design, determination of the linear dimensions of discs by standardized measurement methods and statistical data processing. Research results. The intensity of the wear of the disk working bodies depending on the earnings, the forecast of the resource before the loss of quality is established. Conclusions. On the basis of experimental studies, objective and reliable information was obtained about the parameters of the wear of the disc working bodies of the DL-2.5 soil-cultivation unit in the conditions of economic operation in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. During the six-year period of testing, with a total volume of work performed by the unit of 2430.6 ha (2017 – 395,4 ha; 2018 – 413,3 ha; 2019 – 456,3 ha; 2020 – 357,6 ha; 2021 – 400,0 ha; 2022 – 408,0 ha) and the achievement of cultivation per disc - 120 ha, the wear of the working edge of the discs of the front and rear rows amounted to 21,1 mm and 11,5 mm, respectively, for the permissible value of 35 mm, or in percentages, respectively - 60,2 and 32,8. Accordingly, the estimated residual resource is forecast at the level of 39,8 % and 67,2 %. According to the results of resource tests during 2017-2022, the unit maintained its operable condition, provided the necessary regulation, aggregation, transportation and had an aesthetic appearance. The obtained results can be used by machine builders as an informative base for fine-tuning disks and forming standards for their performance, and by manufacturers of g. products, as information on the choice of reliable equipment and the potential of its service life. Prospects of research in this direction consist in the possible multiplicity of accounting for the general conditions of operation of disk tools, the variability of structural and technological schemes, and can also be used as methodical material for p. g. machines that have discs in their composition. Keywords: soil tillage unit; trial; disk working body; boring steel; wear and tear; projected resource.
PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED IN L. POGORILYY UkrNDIPVT
Authors:   Leonid Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Novokhatskyi M. , Maidanovych N. , Litovchenko O. ,   Leonid Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT
Published: August 2023

Summary The purpose of this work is to highlight the range of scientific and industrial projects implemented in L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT during the last years, and promising directions of the institution’s activities. Methods and materials: a comprehensive analysis of the available results of project solutions implemented in UkrNDIPVT and scientific publications in the direction of this research. Results. In recent years, in the experimental fields of UkrNDIPVT named after L. Pogorily implemented a number of projects related to the implementation of promising technical and technological solutions for the implementation of various tillage systems and their impact on the efficiency of growing the main agricultural crops, the implementation of new methods of forecasting the yield of agricultural crops, optimization of technologies for growing perennial energy crops, etc. In particular, the following projects were implemented: “AgroOlymp” - the latest technical and technological solutions for a differentiated system of soil cultivation and sowing when growing grain crops; “Agroperspective” is a complex multivariate test of the productivity of new varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops typical for the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in real production conditions of a demonstration crop rotation; “MARS” – monitoring of agro-resource systems and forecasting of the productivity of the main agricultural crops using the data of remote sensing of the Earth; “Biotechnology” - greening of technologies, extended reproduction of soil fertility, increase in the economic efficiency of growing agricultural crops; “Strip-till” - development of technical and technological solutions for strip tillage and sowing for small and medium-sized farms; “Bioenergy Conveyor” - development and optimization of technologies for growing perennial energy crops, which ensure obtaining the maximum amount of raw materials for the production of thermal energy from a unit of area. In addition to active scientific work, UkrNDIPVT named after L. Pohoriloy also works in the field of testing and ranking of technical means for the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine and helps manufacturers of agricultural machinery overcome the path of promotion to European markets Conclusions. Analysis of the implemented in UkrNDIPVT named after L. Pogorily of project solutions certifies that the institution’s active research and testing activities have quite fruitful results and broad prospects for the implementation of scientific and industrial ideas in the agricultural direction.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Blended Learning Pada Pelajaran Prakarya Dan Kewirausahaan Pokok Bahasan Undang Undang Omnibuslaw
Authors: Sari Heni Kurnia , Subandowo Marianus , Karyono Hari
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari pengembangan ini adalah untuk Penelitian ini Mengembangkan buku bahan ajar berbasis blended learning agar bahan ajar dapat diakses dari manapun dan tempat dimanapun secara online, dengan waktu yang tidak terbatas, sehingga akan meningkat ketertarikan dan minat belajar serta meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi secara keseluruhan. Pemilihan model ini didasari atas pertimbangan bahwa model ini mudah untuk dipahami, dikembangkan secara sistematis, dan berpijak pada landasan teoritis desain pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Prosedur penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada model pengembangan ADDIE. Model ADDIE ini adalah singkatan untuk lima tahap proses pengembangan, yaitu Analysis (analisis), Design (Desain), Develop (Pengembangan), Implement (Implementasi), dan Evaluate (Evaluasi). Proses pengembangan melibatkan ahli isi mata pelajaran, ahli desain pembelajaran dan ahli media pembelajaran untuk memberikan tanggapan dan masukan perbaikan. Selain itu guru mata Pelajaran Prakarya dan kewirausahaan pokok bahasan Undang Undang Omnibuslaw. sebagai pengguna Bahan Ajar Berbasis Blended Learning ini juga memberikan tanggapan dan masukannya. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini adalah Produk Bahan Ajar Berbasis Blended Learning ini memiliki tingkat kelayakan materi 90.3%, kelayakan desain pembelajaran 80,9%, dan kelayakan media pembelajaran 89,2%. Sedangkan tingkat uji coba kelompok kecil adalah 81.4% dan berdasarkan uji coba lapangan 83,7% dengan kualifikasi sangat layak dan tidak perlu direvisi.
Analisis Motivasi Belajar Siswa Dalam Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi
Authors: Alfath Annisa , Usman Ali , Utomo Agus Prasetyo
Published: August 2023

Faktor fundamental penentu hasil belajar siswa dalam mendorong adanya perubahan perilaku positif yaitu motivasi belajar. Peran guru dalam penerapan  strategi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi merupakan respon dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar melalui akomodasi kebutuhan belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsi pengaruh pembelajaran berdiferensiasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Populasi dalam penelitin ini siswa kelas XI MIPA 4 SMAN 1 Muncar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif melalui angket dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman yang terdiri atas reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berdiferensiasi mampu mendorong motivasi belajar dengan kategori 36% sangat baik, 55% baik, 6% cukup, dan kurang di angka 3% serta tuntas di seluruh langkah pembelajaran. Siswa berpartisipasi aktif dan mengembangkan percaya diri serta kemampuan berpikir kritis melalui motivasi belajar yang tinggi dengan fasilitas penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi.
Upaya Peningkatan Literasi Sains Siswa Kelas XI MIPA 6 dengan PBL Berbasis Culturally Responsive Teaching Di SMAN Balung
Authors: Salma Intan Maulidah , Eurika Novy , Wulandari Fifit
Published: August 2023

Literasi sains di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, meskipun peringkatnya meningkat dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Model pembelajaran memiliki pengaruh dimana cara penerapan dari suatu pembelajaran memiliki pengaruh besar pada kemampuan siswa dalam mendidik dirinya sendiri. Ada salah satu model pembelajaran yang dianggap tepat bila digunakan yaitu model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang responsif-eksistensial keragaman budaya yang dialami siswa. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa kelas XI MIPA 6. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan model siklus yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Ada 2 siklus yang dilakukan untuk penerapan yang mana sebelum pelaksanaan terdapat pra siklus. Lokasi penelitian berada di SMAN Balung dengan subjek siswa kelas XI MIPA 6 tahun ajaran 2022/2023 sebanyak 36 orang. Teknik dalam proses pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Analisis data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini mengggunakan analisis evaluasi ketuntasan literasi sains. Dari data menunjukkan bahwa dari siklus 1 dan siklus 2 telah mengalami peningkatan. Namun demikian masih terdapat siswa yang belum tuntas diantara siklus 1 atau siklus 2. Tetapi masih terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan sehingga dapat dikatakan upaya peningkatan literasi sains dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning berbasis CRT berhasil.
SPECIFICATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LEASING
Authors: TSIOMALCHUK OLEKSANDR , KIREITSEVA OLENA
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the publication is to analyze the specifics of international leasing through the study of the sectoral and sectoral specifics of leasing operations. This issue is especially relevant in the conditions of the current economic crisis caused by the full-scale war on the territory of Ukraine. To achieve the goal, general scientific methods were used: statistical and calculation-mathematical ‒ with the help of which all the necessary initial information for the analysis of the specifics of leasing operations was formed; analysis ‒ to assess its effectiveness using investment project effectiveness assessment indicators. Using the method of scientific generalization, the relevance of the topic in the conditions of the economic crisis was revealed. To form the basis of the research, first of all, the dynamics of the development of leasing in different countries was analyzed. The main results of the research, representing a scientific novelty, were: the developed mechanism for concluding and implementing a leasing agreement, analyzed the features of the state regulation of the leasing market of some leading countries of the world. Each country has its own national characteristics and differences in the implementation of leasing operations. International leasing relations at the same time include important elements of credit transactions, investment, rental and commercial activities, which are closely combined and interpenetrate with each other, forming a new organizational and legal form of business. International leasing can be considered a form of export-import of capital, since the reasons for capital migration are the reasons for the export and import of the leasing transaction. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the developed mechanism for concluding and implementing a leasing agreement can be used by both private enterprises and state institutions that conclude leasing agreements. In order to ensure the development of international leasing in Ukraine, it is necessary at the state level to support the development of leasing in general, to improve the current legislation in accordance with international leasing norms, to introduce investment tax benefits for the import of high-tech equipment.
CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF POST-WAR TRANSFORMATIONS OF AGRICULTURE OF UKRAINE
Authors: NECHYPORENKO OLEKSANDR , ROSSOKHA VOLODYMYR
Published: August 2023

Stable and efficient functioning of agriculture has gained priority importance in ensuring food independence of the country. However, the Russian military invasion and temporary occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine caused significant destructive consequences in the agricultural sphere. The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of agriculture during the war and outline the structural transformation during the post-war reconstruction period. The task is outlined by determining the amount of losses in the agricultural sector from Russian aggression and choosing the vector of transformational shifts in its post-war reconstruction and further development. The empirical base includes information from the Institute of Agrarian Economics, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, scientific and review publications. Theoretical and applied processing of information is based on tabular methods ‒ to build series of production dynamics and outline agricultural production management systems; methods of system analysis ‒ for comparative characteristics of the functioning of the individual and corporate sectors of agriculture, identifying the causes and consequences of the problematic situation in the industry; abstraction ‒ to highlight the most essential signs, properties and connections that characterize the development of the agricultural sector; substantiation and generalization ‒ to establish the regularities of the further development of agriculture. As a result of the study, it was established that the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy suffered significant losses from hostilities. The advantages and disadvantages of the individual and corporate sectors of agriculture are substantiated. The advantages and disadvantages of the corporate sector or wholesale agrarian business in Ukraine are presented on the example of the functioning of agricultural holdings. The advantages of the individual sector in ensuring the domestic consumer market have been proven. The ways of post-war reconstruction of agriculture based on the principles of farming in accordance with the recommendations of the UN and the common agrarian policy of the European Union are substantiated.
The importance and the effectiveness of cultural ecosystem services provided by parks in the city of Kyiv during the war in Ukraine
Authors: Dzyba Аnzhela , Saveliev Konstantin
Published: August 2023

In Ukraine, during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, rapid economic and social changes took place, the war caused a massive reduction and destruction of cities, and the environmental situation worsened due to which the cultural services of the ecosystem decreased. Such changes provide an opportunity for the remaining cities to improve the quality of the environment through urban green spaces and solve the problem of meeting the aspirations of the community. The purpose of the study was to identify the importance and effectiveness of eight cultural ecosystem services during the war for park visitors in Kyiv. The following methods were used in the study: field survey (route), analytical, systematisation, sociological, socio-psychological, statistical. The Likert psychometric scale was used to survey visitors of two parks in Kyiv to identify the importance and effectiveness of eight cultural ecosystem services provided by parks. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. It was established that during the war, the visitors of the parks “Yunist” and “Sovky” noted the importance and effectiveness of such cultural ecosystem services as recreation, aesthetics, and nature awareness. It is determined that young people aged 16-30 and 51-60 are most in need of such services, and social relations in both Yunist and Sovky parks for all age categories are located in the reserve zone of service supply. The proven that effectiveness and importance of such services as cultural heritage and spiritual enrichment are the lowest for all age categories. Almost half of the visitors in the two parks provided suggestions for improving the quality of the environment, the greatest need was to increase the number of plantings and improve the improvement of territory, in the park “Sovky” respondents stated the need cultural heritage. It was established that the quality of plantings and the location of parks affected the overall satisfaction of visitors. Respondents’ satisfaction with the cultural ecosystem services of Sovky park is higher than that of Yunist park. The results of the studies can be used to improve the quality of cultural ecosystem services in the Sovky and Yunist parks
The current state of windbreaks of the Left Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Maliuha Volodymyr , Sovakov Oleksandr , Dudarets Sergii
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the study is related to the need to determine the current state of windbreaks as a component of the forest-agrarian landscape of a particular region. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of windbreaks. During the study, data from remote sensing of the Earth using satellite imagery was utilised, which allowed for determining field parameters, the placement of the windbreak system, and their characteristics. Forest inventory works were conducted using commonly accepted methods in forest mensuration, with adjustments made specifically for windbreaks. The quality class of windbreaks was determined based on the percentage of healthy trees out of the total number, and the sanitary condition index was calculated according to established categories. The analysis of the obtained data clearly shows a decline in the quality sequence of common oak from 9 to 3 units within the plantations. The windbreaks were created using the method of oak nest planting, with oak nests placed at a spacing of 5.0×3.0 m and a total windbreak width of 15.0 m. Two additional rows of companion trees were introduced in the wide 5-metre alleys, and companion and shrub species were added within the nest rows. The analysis of the characteristics of windbreaks showed that they have protective heights ranging from 19.6 m to 23.4 m and provide reliable protection for adjacent agricultural fields. Based on the range of effective protective effects of windbreaks, it can be noted that the calculated indicators provide protection with a reliable safety margin of up to 17%. If there is a need to create new windbreaks using the nest planting method in the future, a more efficient scheme is proposed, which involves placing companion tree species in the outer rows to prevent the crowns of the inner rows from spreading towards the field. As a result of the obtained findings, it became possible to conduct a comprehensive expert assessment of the state of windbreaks according to the following criteria: forestry and inventory parameters, meliorative properties, and the sanitary condition index
Logical-probabilistic model of the reliability of means for preparing and distributing fodder
Authors: Nоvitskiy Andriy , Banniy Oleksandr , Novitskyi Yuri
Published: August 2023

Countries with a developed agricultural sector of the economy use modern advances in industry and computer technology in precision animal husbandry. At the current stage of animal husbandry development, both in global practice and in Ukraine, for the preparation of fodder mixtures, means for preparation and distribution of fodder are becoming more and more widespread, which combine the operations of loading, grinding, mixing, transportation and dosed distribution of fodder mixtures. The purpose of the presented article is to assess and ensure the reliability of the operation of the means for preparing and distributing fodder due to the logic-probabilistic modeling of failures of the feed mixture unloading mechanism as a subsystem of the "Man-Machine-Environment" technical system. The results of theoretical and experimental research are a continuation of previous work and are aimed at increasing the efficiency of use and ensuring the reliability of machines and equipment for animal husbandry. The obtained results of theoretical and experimental studies of reliability based on logical-probabilistic modeling of means for preparing and distributing feed as complex technical systems depending on the influence of the components "man-operator", "machine", "environment". The shortest paths of failures and the minimum cross-sections of their prevention for the research objects were analyzed. In order to prevent the failure of the human-operator component of the system, it is necessary to provide sufficient qualification of the personnel, foresee the possible occurrence of errors and ensure their timely elimination. In order to prevent failures of the feed mixture unloading mechanism, it is necessary to timely control and adjust the condition of parts during operation and when restoring performance. It has been established that the probability of failure of the mechanism will be less important, provided that the probability of elimination of failures due to insufficient qualification of the operator and failure of drive parts is 0.2. An increase in the probability of failure of the operator under the condition of insufficient qualification from 0.5 to 0.9 will lead to an increase in the probability of failure as a result of a change in the conveyor tension and the impossibility of adjusting the conveyor tension, and at 0.9 the probability of failure of the mechanism will be 0.046. The practical significance of the results lies in the possibility of investigating the probability of failure of the feed mixture unloading mechanism based on the reliability of the components of the means for preparing and distributing feed, including the hydraulic cylinder, drive parts, and conveyor belts
Formulasi Deodoran Roll On Ekstrak Daun Waru (Hibiscus Tiliaceus L.) pada Konsentrasi 3%;5%;8% dan Uji Aktivitas Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Lailiyah Munifatul , Sukmana Primadita Hervia , P Eko Yudha
Published: August 2023

Salah satu penyebab terjadinya bau badan terutama pada ketiak adalah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Daun waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang mempunyai mekanisme kerja sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat formulasi sediaan deodoran roll on menggunakan ekstrak daun waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) pada konsentrasi 3%, 5%, 8% untuk mengetahui zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Daun waru diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi kemudian diformulasikan menjadi sediaan deodoran roll on. Pengujian deodoran roll on ekstrak daun waru meliputi evaluasi organoleptis, pH, homogenitas, iritasi kulit, viskositas dan aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sediaan yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun waru memiliki bentuk cairan kental, bau khas ekstrak dan berwarna coklat. Data hasil uji pH dianalisis menggunakan Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan bahwa hasil sig 0,05. Hasil uji viskositas dan uji antibakteri menunjukkan hasil sig 0,05. Uji aktivitas terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa sediaan deodoran roll on ekstrak daun waru memiliki zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus rata-rata F1 3% sebesar 13,05 mm, FII 5% sebesar 15,57  mm dan FIII 8% sebesar 18,01 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi ekstrak daun waru yang digunakan menyebabkan bertambahnya zona hambat terhadap antivitas antibakteri.
Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Lidah Buaya (Aloe Barbadensis-Miller) Terhadap Bilangan Peroksida pada Minyak Jelantah
Authors: Hastuti Eny , Sari Silvi Prastisa
Published: August 2023

Minyak goreng  merupakan salah satu bahan makanan yang dibutuhkan masyarakat untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari. Penggunaan berulang minyak goreng kelapa sawit  atau disebut minyak jelantah mengalami kerusakan karena mengalami pemanasan berulang, kontak dengan air, udara dan logam. Kerusakan minyak karena mengalami oksidasi dapat dicegah dengan menambahkan antioksidan.  Lidah buaya mengandung unsur vitamin dan mineral yang dapat berfungsi sebagai  antioksidan alami.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya terhadap bilangan peroksida pada minyak jelantah. Minyak   jelantah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari penjual gorengan, diuji kualitatif dan positif mengandung bilangan perosida. Minyak jelantah M1,M2 dan M3 ditambahkan ekstrak lidah buaya dengan konsentrasi 10 % b/v, 30 % b/v , 50 % b/v dan 70 % b/v yang direndam selama 5 jam. Penetapan bilangan peroksida pada minyak  jelantah dilakukan dengan metode Iodometri.  Hasil penelitian diperoleh kadar bilangan peroksida pada minyak jelantah tanpa penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya M1, M2 dan M3 adalah 7,60 mek O2/kg, 12,53 mek O2/kg  dan 12,30 mek O2/kg. Bilangan peroksida minyak jelantah dengan penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya konsentrasi 10 % b/v, 30 % b/v, 50 % b/v dan 70 % b/v pada M1, M2 dan M3 adalah M1 6,48 mek O2/kg, 3,62 mek O2/kg, 1,95 mek O2/kg, 0,91 mek O2/kg, M2 9,89 mek O2/kg , 4,24 mek O2/kg, 3,07 mek O2/kg, 1,90 mek O2/kg dan pada M3 6,18 mek O2/kg, 2,64 mek O2/kg, 1,18 mek O2/kg, 0,96 mek O2/kg. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya terhadap penurunan bilangan peroksida minyak  jelantah.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa blimbi Linn.) dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Blimbing Manis (Averrhoacarambola Linn.) Terhadap Daya Hambat Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Ningrum Wulan Agustin , Ramadanti Miftahurohmah , Muthoharoh Ainun
Published: August 2023

Pencernaan dalam tubuh yang bertugas memproses suatu makanan maupun minuman yang masuk ke dalam tubuh untuk kemudian diolah menjadi sebuah energi dibantu oleh bakteri baik. Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu flora normal dalam tubuh manusia bila dalam jumlah yang berlebih dapat mengakibatkan patogen terhadap inangnya sehingga dapat membahayakan manusia. Salah satu penyebab bakteri pathogen adalah inflamasi lapisan mukosa dari struktur pada mulut seperti pipi, gusi, lidah, bibir dan atap atau dasar mulut atau dengan nama lain stomatitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa blimbi Linn.) dan daun belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola Linn.) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan etanol 96% secara maserasi. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji tabung. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan konsentrasi 60%, 75% dan 90%. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah disk ampicilin 10 ?g dan kontrol negatif menggunakan DMSO. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa blimbi Linn.) dan daun belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola Linn.) dengan perbandingan1:3, 2:2 dan 3:1memiliki kandungan fenol, saponin, tanin dan flavonoid yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Perlu dilakukan pengembangan penelitian selanjutnya terhadap aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh.
Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total pada Juice Daun Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea Batatas L.) yang Berpotensi Sebagai Hepatoprotektor dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto , Prima Dela Anding Nadia
Published: August 2023

Hepar merupakan organ intestinal terbesar yang berfungsi diberbagai sistem metabolik tubuh, apabila enzim yang ada di sel hepar terlepas mengalami kerusakan. Flavonoid adalah salah satu senyawa yang dapat melindungi organ dalam contohnya hati. Jenis senyawa flavonoid terbesar, yang tersebar di buah dan sayur adalah Quersetin. Juice Daun Ubi Jalar Ungu terbukti memiliki kadar flavonoid. Masyarakat kini dapat membut juice daun ubi jalar ungu lalu diaplikasikan untuk campuran roti, membuat agar-agar ataupun puding. Analisis kualitatif menggunakan Uji Shinoda, NaOH 10%, dan H2SO4pekatyang hasilnya positif. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis penetapan kadar flavonoid total dilakukan dengan metode AlCl3  dengan total flavonoid dinyatakan dalam QE (Quersetin Ekuivalen) pada panjang gelombang maksimum 429,5 nm dan operating time 30 menit. Hasil rata-rata kadar flavonoid total yang didapatkan dari juice daun ubi jalar ungu 435,09 mg QE/100g dan nilai koefisien variasi yaitu 1,11094%.
KESESUAIAN NILAI INR (INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO) PASIEN KARDIOVASKULER DENGAN TERAPI WARFARIN DI POLI SPESIALIS JANTUNG RS ROEMANI MUHAMMADIYAH SEMARANG
Authors: Octasari Paulina Maya , Silvianingsih Nova
Published: August 2023

Penyakit kardiovaskular didefinisikan sebagai penyakit akibat adanya gangguan fungsi jantung dan vaskuler. Salah satu terapi yang digunakan untuk penyakit kardiovaskular adalah warfarin. Penggunaan warfarin pada penyakit kardiovaskular diukur dengan parameter waktu prothrombin melalui nilai INR (International Normalized Ratio) dengan nilai target INR 2-3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian nilai INR pada pasien kardiovaskular dengan terapi warfarin di Poli Spesialis Jantung RS Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional  dengan data retrospektif. Data rekam medis pasien kardiovaskular yang mendapatkan terapi warfarin periode bulan Juli sampai Desember 2019. Kriteria inklusi pasien penyakit kardiovaskular yang mendapatkan terapi warfarin, pasien dengan usia 26-65 tahun dengan atau penyakit penyerta dan pasien yang mempunyai hasil pemeriksaan nilai INR selama 2 bulan berurutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sampel sebanyak 69 pasien. Pasien dengan terapi warfarin lebih banyak pasien laki-laki, yaitu 35 pasien (50,70%), rentang usia terbanyak adalah 56-65 tahun dan pasien yang paling banyak menggunakan warfarin adalah pasien CHF. Warfarin dengan dosis pemberian 2 mg perhari sebanyak 27 pasien. Hasil kesesuaian nilai INR pada pasien kardiovaskular yang  sesuai dengan target nilai INR 2 – 3 pada bulan pertama sebanyak 11 pasien (15,94%) dan pada bulan kedua sebanyak 8 pasien (11,59%).
Acid Peptic Disease among Patients with Acute Abdomen Visiting the Department of Emergency Medicine in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Thapa Rashmi , Pokharel Mohir , Paudel Saroj , Khadka Tunam , Sapkota Priyanka , Rana Rohit , Pokharel Moneec , Chhetri Dinesh
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Acid peptic disease is caused by excessive acid secretion or weakened mucosal defense. Symptoms include epigastric pain, bloating, and nausea. Factors like gastric acid, Helicobacter pylori infection, alcohol consumption, smoking, and stress contribute to peptic ulcers. Imbalances between offensive and defensive factors can lead to ulcers. Acid-related disorders impact the quality of life and mortality. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are vital. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of acid peptic disease among patients with acute abdomen in the Department of Emergency Medicine in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2 April 2022 and 2 April 2023 among the patients presented in the Department of Emergency Medicine in a tertiary care centre. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee. All patients presenting with acute abdominal pain in the Emergency Department were included in the study. Patients not giving consent were excluded from the study. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Out of the 400 patients with acute abdomen, the prevalence of acid peptic disease was found to be 87 (21.75%) (17.71-25.79, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of acid peptic disease among patients with acute abdomen was found to be lower than in other studies performed in similar settings.
Cerebral Palsy among Children Visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Awale Ayushi , Banskota Bibek , Yadav Prakash , Shakya Ganga , Kumar Banskota Ashok
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood and occur as a result of anomalies in the developing brain that impair the brain's capacity to regulate movement, maintain posture, and maintain balance. Healthcare professionals can better predict the need for the medical, rehabilitative, and support services needed by people with cerebral palsy by using accurate prevalence statistics. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of cerebral palsy among children visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics in a tertiary care centre. Data from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 was collected between 25 April 2023 to 5 May 2023 from medical records after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 6984 children, the prevalence of cerebral palsy was 545 (7.80%) (7.17-8.43, 95% Confidence Interval). The most common type of cerebral palsy was found to be spastic diplegia 219 (40.18%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of cerebral palsy among children visiting the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic was found to be higher than in other studies done in similar settings.
Ramp Tear among Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Joshi Amit , Nepal Santosh , Regmi Subhash , Pradhan Ishor , Singh Nagmani , Basukala Bibek , Bista Rohit , Sharma Rajiv
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Ramp tear is a specific injury that affects the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and its meniscosynovial or meniscocapsular attachments. The actual prevalence of ramp lesion is unknown due to the high probability of misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis caused by the low sensitivity of imaging modalities and poor visualization during arthroscopy. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of ramp tear among patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction after getting ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Data from 1 March 2019 to 31 December 2022 was collected between 1 May 2023 to 30 May 2023 from medical records. The study included all patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Patients with a previous history of medial meniscus injury or repair and undergoing revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were excluded. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Out of 412 patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, 53 (12.86%) (9.63-16.09, 95% Confidence Interval) had ramp tears. The mean age of patients with ramp tears was 28.64±7.57 years. Among 53 patients, 42 (79.24%) were male and 11 (20.75%) were female.
Conclusions: The prevalence of ramp tears in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a tertiary care centre was found to be lower than other studies done in other international studies.
Postoperative Acute Submandibular Sialadenitis: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Mona , Bohara Sandeep , Manandhar Stuti , Manandhar Lumu , Krishna Maharjan Shyam
Published: August 2023

Acute postoperative sialadenitis is a rare complication usually after surgery involving extreme head and neck rotation, such as posterior fossa surgery. It is characterized by the development of swelling in the submandibular region, usually contralateral to the surgical side, either immediately or within hours post-operatively. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman who developed sialadenitis leading to upper airway obstruction in the postoperative period. Further, she developed bilateral neck and face swelling. Dexmedetomidine used as an infusion throughout the surgery could be an additional cause. Swelling without signs of inflammation is rapidly progressive and may cause airway obstruction. Therefore, awareness and recognition are important, as a delay in airway securement can cause a complete collapse of the airway.
Knowledge of Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention by Human Papillomavirus Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Women Attending a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Amatya Sapana , Roka Magar Lisa , Budha Magar Silpina
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among women globally as well as in Nepal. It is attributable to persistent infection by high-risk human papillomavirus, especially human papillomavirus-16 and human papillomavirus-18. The aim of this study was to find out the knowledge of cervical cancer screening and prevention by human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid and human papillomavirus vaccination among women attending a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients attending the outpatient Department of Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre from 18 March to 30 April 2023. After calculating sample size and taking a convenience sampling a survey questionnaire on knowledge of Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention by Human Papillomavirus Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Human Papillomavirus Vaccination was collected. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% confidence interval.
Results: Among 508 women, 42 (8.25%) (5.86-10.64, 95% Confidence Interval) had knowledge of cervical cancer screening and prevention by human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid and human papillomavirus vaccination. According to the questionnaires with a total sample of 508, 164 (32.28%) know about cervical cancer, 15 (2.95%) know about HPV infection, 14 (2.76%) know about HPV infection causes cervical cancer, and 21 (4.13%) know about HPV transmitted through multiple sex partners.
Conclusions: The knowledge of cervical cancer screening and prevention by human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid and human papillomavirus vaccination among women is very low. This study recommends having a health education and awareness programme on it to increase knowledge.
Giant Sacrococcygeal Teratoma in a Neonate: A Case Report
Authors: Bista Anup , Ghimire Suson , Sharma Gaire Niharaka , Bataju Pujan , Mishra Dipesh
Published: August 2023

Sacrococcygeal teratomas are common tumours in neonates and infants, primarily affecting females. A 35-year-old primigravida presented with a large sacrococcygeal teratoma that was detected during the 30th week of gestation in the fetus. The baby was delivered via elective caesarean section at 36+3 weeks, and surgical excision of the 10x10x5 cm3 mass was performed successfully on the third day of life. Despite a surgical site infection, the patient had a favourable outcome with normal vital signs, bowel, bladder, and lower extremity functions upon discharge. Early diagnosis and prompt management of sacrococcygeal teratoma in newborns is vital for optimal outcomes, providing valuable insights and guidance to medical practitioners.
Motif Terjadinya Konflik Intoleransi Pada Masyarakat Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Resmini Wayan , Sakban Abdul , Pani Julae
Published: August 2023

Komitmen pemerintah daerah untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap dokumen yang bersifat tradisional masih rendah sehingga hukum adat yang ada di masyarakat belum menunjukkan eksistensi sebagai pengontrol sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi motif terjadinya konflik intoleransi pada masyarakat Nusa Tenggara Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis dan studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan, pengamatan, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen.  Analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif dengan tahapan reduksi data menyederhanakan data dan penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa motif konflik intoleransi pada masyarakat Nusa Tenggara Barat diperngaruhi oleh kurangnya lapangan pekerjaan, rendahnya ekonomi masyarakat, masalah asmara, kurang sosialisasi untuk bertoleransi, dan konsumsi minuman yang memabukan khususnya para remaja. Selain itu peran pemerintah daerah belum maksimal sehingga mampu menekan berkurangnya konflik intoleransi. The community's customary law has yet to demonstrate its presence as a social controller due to the local government's weak commitment to protecting traditional documents. The goal of this study is to pinpoint the causes of intolerant disputes among West Nusa Tenggara residents. This study used a qualitative technique, a descriptive analytical framework, and case studies. methods for gathering data that include document analysis, observation, interviews, and literature study. Data analysis employs an interactive analysis paradigm with steps of data simplification, data presentation, and data inference. The study's findings indicate that the lack of employment opportunities, the community's poor economy, problems with romance, a lack of socialization for tolerance, and alcohol consumption, particularly among teenagers, all have an impact on the conflicting causes of intolerance among the people of West Nusa Tenggara. Additionally, local governments' potential to lessen intolerance-related disputes has not been fully utilized.
Budaya Sekolah untuk Penguatan Karakter Disiplin Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Azis Abdul , Saleh Muhamad
Published: August 2023

Karakter disiplin dalam diri seseorang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seperti tanggung jawab, kesadaran akan kewajiban, hidup yang tertib dan teratur, tidak melakukan pelanggaran peraturan. Budaya sekolah berperan penting dalam penguatan karakter disiplin siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan budaya sekolah di SD Negeri Bara-Baraya I yang ditujukan untuk menguatkan karakter disiplin siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian etnografi. Sumber data penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa SD Negeri Bara-Baraya I. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Verifikasi temuan penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan budaya sekolah untuk penguatan karakter disiplin meliputi kesepakatan kelas, habituasi sikap baik, serta apresiasi dan sanksi. Budaya ini menguatkan kedisiplinan siswa yang ditandai dengan siswa mematuhi kesepakatan kelas, mengikuti upacara bendera dan sholat dhuha berjamaah, menjaga kebersihan dan kerapian kelas dan lingkungan sekolah.