bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One Method of Innovative Design for Planar Mechanisms
Authors: Xu Shi Fu , Du Xiao Qiang , Zhang Lei , Yang Xi Wei , Lao Li Hui
Published: August 2011

The mechanism innovative design plays a quite important role in mechanical product processing. In this paper, a systematic method is proposed, in which restructuring based on the link number, the adding and subtracting links, the topological evaluation and isomeric mechanism are all contained, improving Yan’s Creative Mechanism Design Methodology. More probable, simple, lightweight mechanisms are obtained. An example is cited to illustrate the proposed method.
Optimized Design and Analysis of the Blade Piston in Twin-Rotor Piston Engine
Authors: Chen Hu , Pan Cun Yun , Xu Hai Jun , Deng Hao , Zhang Wei Yang
Published: August 2011

The internal energy of working fluid in Twin-Rotor piston engine is transmitted into mechanical energy by differential velocity movement between the couple of rotors coaxial installed. The blade piston, a part of the power transmitting mechanism, is the most important component working in the worst condition in the engine. It withstands heavy mechanical and thermal loads as working at a high rotating speed, that is to say it undertaking the explosive force straight and transmitting the power to power transmitting mechanism at the first time. So the section shape of blade piston on the rotor affects power output of the engine directly. In order to select the section shape of blade piston properly, improve output capacity and reduce the affect of deformation, models of several typical shapes of the blade piston is set up. Based on the comparison of aspect ratio, analysis and size optimization are performed. The results show that the rectangular cross-section blade piston is more efficient in power transmission with small deformation and larger torque as long as the values of aspect ratio are in a reasonable range.
Study on Design Thinking Ability and Manufacturing Means of CAD / CNC Innovation
Authors: Yang Shun Tian , Peng Mei Wu , Shen Wei , Chen Hong Tao
Published: August 2011

Integration of the cognitive approach to human body and the technical system as the main design theory and information technology, innovative design from the mechanical and electrical products, ways of thinking, creative problem solving strategies designed to mechanical and electrical product manufacturing processes, synchronization means of design and manufacturing innovation, through the CAD/CAPP two-way data flow, the introduction of genetically achieved CAPP/CNC's highly integrated, effectively improve the mechanical and electrical product innovation capabilities.
Effect of Dipolar Side Groups on Conformational Properties of Heteroatom Polymers
Authors: Ma Hai Zhu , Du Xin , Sun Ting Ting
Published: August 2011

The unperturbed dimensions of symmetric polymers are investigated by an improved conformational statistic method considering effect of side groups. Following the deduced formulas, the characteristic ratios of mean-square radius of gyration for poly(dimethylsilmethylene) (PDMSM), poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF), polyphosphate(PP), polyoxymethylene(POM) and poyisobutylene (PIB) are calculated 0.69, 0.84, 1.23, 0.85 and 1.18, respectively. The ratios of mean-square dipole moment are 0.35, 0.48, 0.59 and 0.79 for PP, PDMSM, POM and PVDF long chains, respectively. From comparing the ratios of five polymers, it is found that the consideration of side groups for short chains is exceedingly important in calculation of characteristic quantity, especially for the inorganic polymers with heteroatom. PVDF are excellent in flexibility and electric dipole properties. The temperature characters of PIB are concerned closely with its conformational energy.
A Design Method Based on Healthy Industrial Design (HID)
Authors: Li Jing Feng , Zhang Xi
Published: August 2011

As an advanced design idea nowadays, to realize body’s healthy movement, healthy industrial design (be called HID for short) pursues user’s “health, happiness and joy”, Different types of limits will be treated dynamically for this goal during the whole design process. The adjustable limit will be treated by changing the subjective reason leading to it, while the un-adjustable limit will be treated by optimizing user’s behavior and producer’s structure, material, color etc.
Analysis of the Different Influence on Frame Structure Stiffness between Straight Board Stairs and Fold Board Stairs
Authors: Yang De Jian , Song Peng Fei
Published: August 2011

A research is made on the different influence on frame structure stiffness between straight board stairs and fold board stairs. The research is divided into two circumstances: independent framework unit and the overall framework. in each circumstance, there are four cases: frame without stairs, frame with straight stairs, frame with fold board stairs whose slow bedplate is located in the floor place, frame with fold board stairs whose slow bedplate is located in the middle platform, the horizontal floor displacement of four kind of frames in transverse and longitudinal direction under the same force. By comparing the four displacements, the influence of three different forms of stairs on frame structure stiffness can be got; the result shows that fold board stairs whose slow bedplate is located in the middle platform are better than straight stairs in seismic performance.
A Robust Approach for Concurrent Tolerances Allocation Using Immune Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Li Fang Zhen , Lu Cong , Jiang Wen Rui
Published: August 2011

This paper proposes a robust approach to solve the complex problem of concurrent tolerance allocation. The optimal tolerances are allocated based on the adjusted nominal values of the dimensions which are less sensitive to the product performance, and selection of manufacturing processes or machines from the alternatives have also been taken into account simultaneously. Immune genetic algorithm is used to solve the model and obtain the global optimal solution. The overrunning clutch assemble is illustrated as an example.
The Application of EMD and ARMA Bi-Cepstrum Fault Diagnosis Method in Gearbox of Overhead Traveling Crane
Authors: Xu Hong Bo , Chen Guo Hua , Wang Xin Hua , Liang Jun
Published: August 2011

For the time varying of signals, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is occupied to modulate signals; auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) of higher accuracy is used to establish model for the signal principal components; then parametric bi-cepstrum estimation is implemented and fault feature is extracted. The test results about gearbox of overhead traveling crane indicate: the feature quefrency can be obtained through method of EMD and ARMA model parametric bi-cepstrum estimation.It is a kind of effective fault diagnosis and stability evaluation method.
Three-Dimensional Layout Design of Steel-Concrete Composite Structures Using Topology Optimization
Authors: Luo Yang Jun , Wu Xiao Xiang , Li Alex
Published: August 2011

For generating a more reasonable initial layout configuration, a three-dimensional topology optimization methodology of the steel-concrete composite structure is presented. Following Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) approach, an artificial material model with penalization for elastic constants is assumed and elemental density variables are used for describing the structural layout. The considered problem is thus formulated as to find the optimal material density distribution that minimizes the material volume under specified displacement constraints. By using the adjoint variable method for the sensitivity analysis, the optimization problem is efficiently solved by the gradient-based optimization algorithm. Numerical result shows that the proposed topology approach presented a novel structural topology of the simply-supported steel-concrete composite beam.
Reconstruction of the Total Heat Exchange Factor Using the Inverse Heat Conduction Problem
Authors: Cui Miao , Gao Xiao Wei , Chen Hai Geng
Published: August 2011

A new inverse algorithm is proposed for the reconstruction of the total heat exchange factor, which is concerned with transient heat conduction problems. The unknown total heat exchange factor is treated as the optimization variable, and the errors to be minimized are the differences between the calculated temperatures and the measured ones. The sensitivity coefficients are obtained by the complex-variable-differentiation method. The effectiveness, efficiency and accuracy of the inverse approach are demonstrated in few test cases.
Structure Design and Properties of Porous PVDF Membranes Based on Ionic Liquid
Authors: Du Chun Hui , Chen Zhong , Wu Yan Feng , Wang Kun , Gao Yong
Published: August 2011

Ionic liquid was used as the pore-forming additive to design the structure and properties of PVDF membranes. The crystal structure, morphology and the wettability of the membranes was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. The results of FTIR and XRD suggested that ionic liquid could make α crystal phase in pure PVDF membrane totally transformed into β crystal phase via immersion precipitation process. SEM results also indicated that ionic liquid was a good pore-forming additive, which was in favor of the formation of the pore structure in the membranes. Contact angle results showed that the surface hydrophobic of PVDF membrane increased with the addition of ionic liquid in the casting solution. These results suggested that ionic liquid may be found its further application in the preparation of piezo-electric PVDF films with β crystal phase, and oil/water separation membranes.
Effect of Ti on Corrosion of Cast AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Ai Xiu Lan , Quan Gao Feng , Yang Jun
Published: August 2011

Ti addition to AZ91 alloy was been investigated with conventional casting. The Corrosion resistance of all the different Ti addition content alloy was studied in 3.5% NaCl solution through weight loss measurement in constant immersion conditions and potentiodynamic polarization experiments.The results show that addition of Ti with an amount of 0.1~0.8wt% the corrosion resistant of alloy was improved. In the case of AZ91-0.8Ti alloy had minimum corrosion rate value , AZ91-0.4Ti alloy had minimim corrosion current density. After Ti added into alloy, the morphology of β phases was changed, TiAl3intermetallics appeared. The inhibiting effect of the β phases and TiAl3intermetallics in the AZ91-Ti alloy predominated in the long period immersion testing, but during short interval of electrochemical testing galvanic corrosion effect in the AZ91-Ti alloy predominated.
Environment-Friendly Cottonseed Protein Bioplastics: Preparation and Properties
Authors: Yue Hang Bo , Cui Ying De , Yin Guo Qiang , Jia Zhen Yu , Liao Lie Wen
Published: August 2011

A novel class of environmentally friendly protein-based bioplastics—cottonseed protein plastic sheets (CP-sheets)—were prepared by compression molding in the presence of cottonseed flour as main raw material, aldehydes as crosslink agent and glycerol as plasticizer. FTIR, TGA, tensile tests and water uptake measurements were applied to characterize the structure, thermal stability, mechanical properties and water absorption of the CP-sheets. It was found that the crosslinked CP-sheets (CP-FA, CP-GX and CP-GA) showed higher thermal stability and tensile properties, less water uptake than the CP-sheet withou crosslinking treatment (CP-0CL). The CP-sheets with good thermal, mechanical and hydrophobic properties are emerging and promising bioplastics for potential applications in food packaging as well as flower planting.
Surface Modification of PET Films by Vapor-Phase Photografting Acrylic Acid and its Application to Electroless Copper Plating
Authors: Zhang Hui Chong , Pan Zhan Chang , Hu Guang Hui , Wei Zhi Gang , Xiao Chu Min , Chen Shi Rong , Li Zhu Liang , Deng Jian Feng
Published: August 2011

As a simple and useful approach, vapor-phase photografting acrylic acid was used to modify the surface of PET films. Catalyst of silver nanoparticles was distributed on the photografting PET films equably after reducing by ascorbic acid. Topography of the pristine, grafting and metallized PET films was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD and FTIR-ATR were also used to analyze the electroless plating copper layer and the grafting PET film respectively.
The Variables Reduction for Concrete Strength Prediction Model Using a Rough Sets Method
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Xi Jun
Published: August 2011

Based on the test results of 448 sets of concrete mixtures (which have been divided into three groups), a concrete strength prediction model has been established using a stepwise regression method. The kinds and qualities of raw materials, which has a total comes to 17 factors, has been considered as the independent variables. It has been found that the forecast precision is not always improving along with the increase of independent variable number, so one or more factors may be "redundant" and should be reducted. A rough sets (RS) method has been adopted for the variable reduction, with different parameter combinations are tested. The results has shown that in each cases the forecast precision of the model are higher than the Bowromi formula’s. Some regularities for the parameters’ selections are existed, but not all the parameters can be given positively, so a trial process is still necessary.
Simulation Study on Heat Insulating Material Used in Refrigerated Cargo Hold Shipboard of Fishing Vessel
Authors: Jia Jing Fu , He Wei
Published: August 2011

To choose the suitable heat insulating material for refrigerated cargo hold shipboard of fishing vessel, a steady state three-dimensional mathematical model of heat transfer is developed in this paper. The heat-transfer model is simplified reasonably in order to facilitate analyzing and solving. After defining the boundary conditions of the model according to the heat-transfer process of the shipboard, numerical simulations with different heat insulating material are performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software PHOENICS. The obtained temperature distributions of the model in each case are analyzed. The suitable one is pointed out according to the degree of influence of the heat insulating material on heat-transfer property of the shipboard.
Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Ti-Matrix Functional Gradient Layer
Authors: Hu Fang You , Cui Ai Yong , Hu Bin , Fu Peng Fei , Zhao Pei Zhong , Lu Chang Liang
Published: August 2011

To improve the wear-resistance of Ti600, and alleviate thermal stress as well under hyperthermal and excessive temperature difference condition, experiments of Ti-matrix FGM on Ti600 substrate by pulsed Nd:YAG had been carried out. The microstructures, microhardness and phase composition of FGM were investigated. And the friction wear properties of FGM, N-FGM and Ti600 substrate were examined in atmosphere. It was found that a rapidly solidiﬁed microstructure consisting of in situ synthesized TiC reinforced phase distributed on FGM substance evenly and dispersely in the form of globular grains had three main different shapes:bulky or imperfect arborescent crystal, fine or approximately equiaxial crystal and chopped fibriform crystal. With the increasing of original Cr3C2content, the number and size of arborescent crystal increased obviously. The distribution of main alloy components was gradient and continuous, presenting the same composition and regularity to the originally preset alloy powder. FGM and N-FGM had an average hardness of approximately 1450, 4.5-5 times of Ti600 substrate, attributed to TiC primary dendrites. With the reducing of weight percentage of TiC, microhardness decreased gradiently and continuously. Meanwhile, the wear resistance of FGM and N-FGM was improved obviously. Friction coefficient, wear loss and wear rate decreased significantly, 0.3-0.5 times of Ti600 substrate.
Catastrophic Analysis of Seismic Response of Gravity Dam Sliding along Base Surface
Authors: Sun Dun Ben , Ren Qing Wen
Published: August 2011

For the instability problem of gravity dam sliding along base surface, cubic nonlinear constitutive model of soft material in base surface is adopted, which is usually expressed by Weibull model. Dynamic Equations of dam sliding along base surface is established. By means of catastrophe theory, the jumping and hysteresis phenomena of the vibration amplitude of the dam is analyzed, the parameter range of stable region in which amplitude doesn’t happen catastrophe is given and the factors which cause amplitude instability are discussed. The results obtained in the paper are of significant value for understanding the sliding instability mechanism of gravity dam under earthquake, as well as guiding the design of gravity dams.
A Numerical Investigation of a Capacitive Viscometer with Fluid-Structure Interaction Using Equivalent Modeling
Authors: Yang Zhi Jun , Kelly Robert , Chen Xin
Published: August 2011

This paper performs a numerical investigation of a micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) based capacitive viscometer. The viscometer includes a pre-stressed membrane interacted with a trapped air and a polymer solution, as well as a semi-permeable membrane that allows water and small molecular to pass through freely. A very simple modeling method is presented to solve the complicated problem. First, the fluid property of the polymer solution is estimated using relaxation time estimation. Second, a two modes vibration assumption of the pre-stressed membrane is proved using structure-air-interaction. Then the leakage through the semi-permeable membrane is also estimated using the volume flow with lubrication theory. Finally, the equivalent model of the glucose sensor is built using very simple vibration equations, the capacitance is also calculated. The simulation results show that the trapped air plays a significant role for the vibration of membrane, the volume should be large enough to reduce the nonlinear effects caused by the trapped air, which unfortunately causes the capacitance much to be smaller.
Failure Analysis on Tee Joint Crack of Subcritical Power Station Boiler Final Superheater Header
Authors: Zheng Xiang Feng , Feng Yan Ting , Niu Xiao Guang , Wang Qing , Hao Xiao Jun , Li Wen Bin , Xu Xue Xia , Sun Peng
Published: August 2011

Through methods, such as microscope analysis, mechanical analysis, chemical analysis, metallographic examination, the causes resulting in tee joint crack of subcritical power station boiler final superheater header (12Cr1MoV) have been analyzed. The result indicates the tee joint crack is reheat crack, and irrational structure and excessive welding residual stress are the primary inducement of tube joint crack.
Study on the Super-Plastic Property of ECAPed Magmesium Alloy
Authors: Li Ying Jie , Zhang Xiu Zhi , Li Feng
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the influence of temperature and strain rate on the superplastic deformation behaviors of the Mg-Zn-Nd alloy has been investigated through performing tensile tests at different temperatures and strain rates. After 4 passes of ECAP by route C, the strain-rate sensitivity coefficients reached 0.32 at 300°C, indicating that the ECAPed Mg-Zn-Nd alloy exhibited a good superplasticity at lower temperature. The results of flow activation energy showed that the super-plastic deformation mechanism of magnesium alloys is grain-boundary sliding controlled by grain boundary diffusion.
An Investigation on a New Type of Fe-Ni Alloy in MIM Process
Authors: Zhang Chi , Luo Jing , Xiang Rong
Published: August 2011

Small particle size powder of Fe and Ni was used as raw materials (the particle diameter of metal injection molding (MIM) was 0.5-20μm generally) [1], and the wax-based polymer was used as binder, a new type of Fe-Ni alloy for semiconductor was prepared by the MIM. The processes which include injection debinding and sintering were studied as well as the properties. Metallographic analysis and XRD analysis showed that the alloy was a single stable organization of austenite (γ phase) whose expansion coefficient was low, and the microstructure was uniform and dense. The parts formed by MIM have high forming quality and forming precision as well as lower processing and manufacturing cost.So the MIM opened up a new way for processing small complex parts.
Research on Corrosion Behavior of Fe-B Eutectic Alloy in Liquid Zinc
Authors: Ma Rui Na , Jin Sha Sha , Li Hong Yun
Published: August 2011

The static constant corrosion tests on Fe-B eutectic alloy are investigated in liquid zinc at 500°C. The systematic observation and research of the corrosion layer are performed using SEM, TEM, XRD. The results show that corrosion resistance of Fe-B eutectic alloy in liquid zinc is perfect. Corrosion products are Fe3B and FeZn7. The corrosion layer is regular, the structure of which is hollow dendritic skeleton and the thickness of which increases with the corrosion time extending. Corrosion process is that the interdiffusion of ferro and zinc atomic results in corrosion layer formation and the corrosion layer ruptures and dissolves under the action of thermal stress and impact stress of liquid zinc. The process repeating leads to the failure of the matrix eventually.
Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Corrosion Behavior of Low Carbon Steel in CSP
Authors: Li Tao , Qin Meng , Jin Zi Li , Ren Hui Ping
Published: August 2011

Effects of rare earth elements (RE) on modification of inclusions, the corrosion dynamic laws and the electrochemical properties of low carbon steel in Compact strip production (CSP) technology have been investigated with SEM, EDS and polarization curve measurements. The results show that the RE elements play an important role on the morphology and type control of inclusions and also reduce their size in low carbon steel. The corrosion is mitigated due to relatively compact corrosion products and the dispersion spherical RE oxides and/or oxy-sulfides inclusions with the addition of RE. Meanwhile, the electrochemical measurements show that the corrosion current density of low carbon steel with RE is lower than that of steel without RE. The corrosion resistance is improved to a certain extent by RE.
Casting Low-Carbon Alkaline Agent of Tundish
Authors: Cai Yu , Chang Zhen Zhen , Chen Chun Mei , Mo He He , Wei Xiao Wei , He Rong Hui
Published: August 2011

This article makes melting temperature, melting speed, viscosity and Na2CO3 relationship curves, and analyses the influence of Na2CO3 to melting temperature, melting speed and viscosity of the covering agent, by determining melting temperature, melting speed and viscosity of the covering agent of each formulation. Research results show that, with the contents of Na2CO3 increasing, melting temperature and viscosity decrease, melting rate decrease after first increase.
Microstructure Evolution and Precipitation Behavior of a High Nitrogen 15Cr Martensitic Stainless Steel during Tempering
Authors: Ma Xiao Ping , Wang Li Jun , Qin Bin , Liu Chun Ming , Subramanian Sundaresa V.
Published: August 2011

The microstructure evolution and precipitation behavior of a low carbon high nitrogen martensitic stainless steel containing 15%Cr-5%Ni-1%Mo-0.16%N (in mass percentage) after tempering at temperatures ranged from 300 °C~700 °C were investigated by hardness test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The steel exhibits second hardening behavior after tempering at temperatures below 500 °C. Tempering at temperatures above 500 °C promotes the formation of reversed austenite and the precipitation of Cr2N. The coherent orientation relationship of Cr2N with martensite was revealed as , . Retained austenite originated from reversed austenite at room temperature results in the softening of the steel, and the retransformation of reversed austenite to untempered martensite after tempering at temperatures above 600 °C restores the hardness of the steel. σ phase was also found in specimens tempered at temperatures ranged from 500 °C to 700 °C.
Transparent Glass Window with Energy-Saving and Heat Insulation Capabilities
Authors: Chen Ching Mu , Chen Shen Yuar , Chuang Wei Ching , Shieh Jen Yu
Published: August 2011

This paper proposes capabilities of transparent glass window design with energy-saving and heat insulation for carbon reduction issues. An optical thin film coating technology is used for coating multilayered dielectric materials on the transparent glass to achieve an infrared ray shielding effect; especially to prevent rising temperature easily of indoor room. That is infrared ray incidence from outdoor and the thermal flux effect of the transparent window influent the indoor room temperature. In winter, the outdoor temperature is increased more easily by infrared ray incidence. However, the heat insulation window allows 98% of visible light penetration through the window and also allows 90% of infrared light reflection and roughly 10% of infrared light penetration into indoor.
A Maya Geometry Slices Generation Method for Volumetric 3D Display
Authors: Chen He En , He Han Wu , He Zhi Yuan
Published: August 2011

Volumetric 3D display system (alternatively known as true 3D display system) has recently seen great progress. Powerful and functional software that can interfaces with 3D display hardware system was eagerly expected. In this paper we propose a method of generating geometry slices that can be presented on Multi-planar 3D display which will be fused in the human visual system into a 3D volume. Our main novel contribution is to use the programming language of Maya – MEL (Maya Embedded Language) to obtain geometry slices or image slices that meet the projection requirements-- including spinning screen based projection and to and fro translating screen based projection. We show that set of cross-section slices with different thickness, interval angle or distance can be split from a built mechanical component. Moreover the experiments of assembling series of geometry slices together to form a 3D spatial object can be employed to simulate the performance of Multi-planar 3D display. The latest imaging method opens up many application areas when incorporating with a Volumetric 3D display which will enhance visualization of the complex structure , better appreciate the entire 3D data and improve product design, function visualization, manufacturing preview and maintenance training.
Effects of Different Solder Alloys on Reliability of 3D PLUS Solder Joint
Authors: Bao Nuo , Wang Chun Jie , Zhu Lin , Song Shun Guang
Published: August 2011

Thermal cycling was applied to assess the effect of tin-lead solder 63Sn37Pb and lead-free solder 95.5Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu on the reliability of 3D PLUS solder joints. Nonlinear finite element method and viscoplastic Anand model were used to evaluate the stress and strain distribution and dangerous position of solders under the thermal cycling condition. The law of solder joints stress and plastic strain were finally obtained and showed significant cyclical changes. The stress and strain emerged the trend of accumulated enhancement with the process of time, then ultimately stabilized. Comparing two curves of equivalent stress and plastic strain obtained from lead-free and tin-lead solder, it was found that the reliability of 95.5Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu was better than that of 63Sn37Pb.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of SPV50Q Steel in H2S-Containing Sour Environment
Authors: Kong Fan Yu , Hu Guo Jian , Li Xu
Published: August 2011

It has a great tendency to the problem of environmental cracking under the service condition of LPG containing wet H2S surpassing the lowest allowance for steels. In order to quantitatively evaluate the cracking susceptibility on this steel in the wet H2S environment, the pre-fatigue crack M-WOL specimen stress corrosion cracking tests in three H2S concentrations were performed under the different welding conditions, and in safety performance analysis of equipment, and preventing countermeasure had been proposed. The results show that the presence of H2S considerably influences the corrosion process of SPV50Q steel and its corrosion rate increases with increasing H2S contents. With decreasing pH and increasing in temperature of the testing solution, the corrosion of this steel is also enhanced. Although the semicircular diameter of capacitive loop increases with immersion time, its variation amplitude is not obviously great and begins to diminish after certain periodic time, suggesting that the sulfide film formed on the surface can not effectively prevent SPV50Q steel for avoiding the further corrosion.
Preparation of Water-Based No-Clean Flux for High Temperature Lead-Free Solder
Authors: Hao Zhi Feng , Wu Qing Qing , Sun Ming , Yu Jian , Guo Yi Peng , Rao Yao
Published: August 2011

A series of water-based no-clean fluxes composed of an anion/nonion binary surfactant were investigated. The wetting behavior of Sn0.7Cu and Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu on copper with different content of binary surfactant, and the performance of the flux were tested according to the Chinese industry standard of SJ/T 11273-2002 (No-clean liquid Flux). The results showed that the wettability of binary complex was better than that of single surfactant. Two promising fluxes for Sn0.7Cu and Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu solder were selected, respectively. The fluxes showed excellent performance such as halogen-free, less corrosivity, low content of volatile organic compound (less than 5%), high spread rate (over 80%), and high surface insulation resistance (beyond 108Ω). The prepared fluxes meet the requirement of lead-free solder.
Optical Sensitivity of Electrospun Fibers Containing Quinoxalines Derived with Metal Ion Chelating Agent
Authors: Jang Chun Keun , Song Cheol Jun , Yao Wang , Jang Ki Hoon , Jaung Jae Yun
Published: August 2011

Fluorescent chromophores are generally known to have planar and rigid -conjugation systems, and we have been interested in the chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic molecules for many years. Quinoxaline was the representative fluorophore, and several quinoxaline derivative compounds were reported over the recent years. Quinoxaline can easily change their absorption or emission wavelength by oxidation among proton and nitrogen of the quinoxaline ring. In addition, it has been proved that many types of metal chelating ligand substituents such as dipyrrole, terpyridine, and crown-ether rings can control electronic levels of those fluorephores. In this study, we designed and synthesized several 2,3-distyrylquinoxaline derivatives with each have a substituent of alkyl groups which have different electron-donating abilities and aza-crown ether, a chelating agent with metal-cation. The chromophoric system of these compounds, and the substituent effects on their absorption spectra in a solution, were studied. And we approached the application to nanofibers by electrospinning which contained the synthesized colorants mentioned above
Study on Material Removal in Electrorheological Fluid-Assisted Polishing
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhao Yun Wei , Yang Zhuo
Published: August 2011

The material removal is investigated in electrorheological (ER) fluid-assisted polishing of conductive materials. The combination structure of ER particles with abrasive particles in ER polishing fluid is discussed when the electric field is applied. The forces exerted on the abrasive particles for material removal are analyzed. According to Preston’s equation, a model for material removal of the polished conductive workpiece is derived. Polishing experiments with diamond particles for WC is conducted and the experimental results are compared with the theoretical predictions, which confirm the validity of the presented model.
Numerical Analysis of Stress Field for Simulating Pressure Vessel Nozzles
Authors: Cui Jian Hua
Published: August 2011

According to high strain gradients characteristic at the junction between pressure vessel and nozzle, based on simulating shape plate of pressure vessel nozzle, weak-conforming element models are established for two types of special shape plates, which satisfied weak continuous conditions between elements. The weak-conforming element methods do not need satisfy stress equilibrium conditions. It can solve the conventional finite element difficult to adapt to the singularity of the field. The stresses are obtained by means of weak-conforming element method. The calculation results are in accordance with those of experiment results. This paper provides the foundation for the design of special shape plates and analysis of extending crack.
Simulation of the High-Speed Milling Temperature of Titanium Alloy Ti - 6Al - 4V
Authors: Huang Xin Chun , Yao Chang Feng , Zhang Ding Hua , Ren Jun Xue
Published: August 2011

To study of the temperature generating mechanism of Titanium Alloy Ti - 6Al - 4V in high speed, and the influence rule of the milling process parameters for milling temperatures, A temperature simulation model of the milling process was found with AdvantEdge, the relationship between the high speed milling parameters and the milling temperature of Titanium Alloy Ti - 6Al - 4V was discussed by the finite element simulation, and the milling process temperature was measured by the half artificially thermocouple methods. The result show that the highest temperature are reached at close to the tool tip in the rack face, the feed per tooth have significant effect on the milling temperature, while cutting depth and milling width have little effect. The milling temperature increase with the feed per tooth increasing，the highest temperature increase with the spindle speed increasing.
Microstructure and Mechanical Property of GH4169 Joints by Vacuum Diffusion Bonding
Authors: Li Zhuo Ran , Liu Bing , Zhang Xiang Long , Feng Ji Cai
Published: August 2011

Vacuum diffusion bonding characteristics of GH4169, interface bonding holes and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. The experimental results without interlayer showed that, with the increasing of diffusion time and diffusion pressure in the range of 950-1150°C and 20-40MPa, the number and size of interface bonding holes decreased and the maximum tensile strength of the diffusion bonding joint was 658 MPa, but the discontinuous interface holes still existed. With the Cu interlayer, interfaces between the solid solution layer and the base metal were prone to intimate contact and the maximum tensile strength of the bonding joint was 745 MPa.
A New Research of Laser Welding Coaxial Protection Nozzle
Authors: Xu Zhi Gang , Zhou Rui Hu , Gan Hong Yan
Published: August 2011

Because the side-blown protection effect in the laser welding is insufficient, and its convenience and flexibility are restricted. Laser welding coaxial protection nozzle is designed and trial-manufactured. According to the characteristics of laser welding protection, through rational design of nozzle structure, two protection gases are respective controlled .Using the coaxial nozzle for stainless steel laser stitch welding test, its influence on protect effect and the welding process are analyzed. The result indicates that the structure of nozzle’s gas path, gas outlet designed reasonable, venting uniform, protection effect is good. And it can reduce welding splash to focus lens, has certain protection effect.
Experimental Research on the Viscosity of Polymer Melts Filling through Micro Channels
Authors: Xu Bin , Lu Yu Bin , Li Guang Ming , Xue Song
Published: August 2011

Experimental observations indicate that the viscosity of polymer melt flowing through micro channel is altered with variation of characteristic size of micro channels. The explanation about the trend of various viscosity is inconsistent. In this paper, the micro channel dies of 1000μm ,500μm and 350μm diameter were developed and with several polymers, including PP , PS and HDPE, depending on the capillary flow model, the measurement experiments of polymer melt viscosity were investigated at various shear rate. Test results show that with micro-channel size decrease, the percentage reduction in viscosity increases and the difference of viscosities in different micro channels reduces with increasing shear rate.
The Effects of Ink Viscosity on the Ink Permeability inside Newsprint and Offset Paper
Authors: Yang Yong Gang , Liu Fu Ping
Published: August 2011

In order to explore the influence of ink viscosity on its permeability inside paper, three newsprints and three offset paper were firstly chosen to test their basis properties, then 5 ink samples including the original ink were prepared via adding different percentage printing varnish and their viscosities were measured. Under the definite printing condition, the 5 ink samples were printed on the surface of 6 papers with a printability tester respectively. At last, the ink penetrations inside these papers were all tested with a metallographic microscope. The study showed that the decreasing of ink viscosity would lead to the increasing of ink penetration depth, and paper properties had some effects on the ink permeability.
The Influence of Humid Environment on Fatigue Property of Pre-Corroded 7XXX Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Hui Li , Zhou Song , Xu Liang , Ma Shao Hua , Wang Yan , Zhang Ying Ying
Published: August 2011

The influence of humid environment on fatigue property of pre-corroded 7XXX aluminum alloy were investigated by means of fatigue and staircase experiments (Kt=1 and Kt=3). The results showed that humid environment significantly reduces both fatigue life and strength with the influence-factor of 0.7339(Kt=1), 0.8603(Kt=3) and 0.973(Kt=1), 0.971(Kt=3), respectively. The humid environment enlarges the dispersivity of fatigue life. As a consequence, an unconservative results on prediction of the fatigue life with high reliability of 99.9% will be obtained, based on the corrosion-influence-factor reached from eigenvalue or mean value .
Kinematics Analysis and Numerical Method of Mcpherson Suspension
Authors: Lu Mo Wu , Zhao Wei Qiang
Published: August 2011

This paper presents a numerical method for kinematics analysis of Mcpherson suspension based on displacement matrix method. A mathematical model for kinematics analysis of Mcpherson suspension is established and the kinematical properties of Mcpherson suspension are analyzed using this method. The numerical method for solving this problem is discussed and the relevant program is developed. This method simplifies the solving process of kinematics properties analysis of Mcpherson suspension and is efficient especially for computer-based solving process.
Experimental Application of Salt Slurry in Talimu Unsaturated Brine-Based Drilling Fluid of Carboniferous System
Authors: Zhou Li Ju , Feng Jia Man , Lei Jin Jie , Yuan Jun Wen
Published: August 2011

Salt slurry is the solid waste of the salt industry. The study object is the salt slurry before filter in Jianghan Salt & Chemical Complex. This study investigates the application of the salt slurry in Talimu unsaturated brine-based drilling fluid of the carboniferous system in laboratory. It indicates that on the premise of the same density and pH value as the basic drilling fluid recipe, when the salt slurry dosage was less than 500 kg/m3, all the salt slurry application-based recipes measured up both the rheology behavior and the filtrate loss of the drilling fluid. This investigate will reduce the cost of the drilling fluid with the salt slurry as a resource.
Power Consumption Saving of Chiller Water System for Semiconductor Factory in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Ching Liang , Chang Yung Chung
Published: August 2011

Recently, the semiconductor manufacturing industry has exhibited not only fast growth, but intense power consumption. Consequently, reducing power consumption is critical for running reliability. A view of literature reveals that the power consumption of facility system is 56.6 % in the fabs. Among all facility systems, chiller plants are the largest energy users, consuming 27.2 % of the total power consumption. Therefore, saving power consumption for chiller plants involves a considerable economic benefit. In addition, cooling the water temperature further improves the efficiency of chillers. Hence, this report analyzes the optimal temperature between the chiller and cooling tower. Currently, controlling the chiller and cooling tower are separate processes, though, in fact, they should not be. This is because the water cooling temperature affects the efficiency of the chiller. Each reduced degree of the chiller condenser temperature reduces the electrical power by approximately 2 % in the cooling tower, in contrast to the chiller. Therefore, the optimal water cooling water temperature must be analyzed. The analysis method in this report is linear regression. First, determine the equations of power consumption for the chiller and cooling tower with variables representing the water cooling temperature, water supply temperature of the chiller, and outdoor loading and wet-bulb temperatures. Second, add the coefficient of the same variable to obtain the total power consumption equation for the chiller and cooling tower. The result shows the relationships of power consumption with water cooling temperature under identical conditions of the water cooling temperature, water supply temperature of chiller, and outdoor loading and wet-bulb temperatures. Finally, use the differential method to determine the optimal water cooling temperature.
Research on Algorithm of Geometric Constraint Solving in Declaring Family of Object Modeling
Authors: Liu Xian Guo , Sun Li Juan
Published: August 2011

A new solving approach for constraint problem was proposed in this paper, the constraint problem needed to solve was decomposed not into single sub-problems, but into three types of sub-problems, namely, rigid subset, scalable subset and radial subset, and each type of subset corresponds a cluster of constraint problem. Based on cluster rewriting rule approach, a small set of rewriting rules were applied in constraint system, and then an incremental algorithm was applied, the generic solution will be get when there is no available rewriting rule to be applied. By this approach, we can determine that constraint system is well-constrained, under-constrained or over-constrained. The results reveal that the proposed method can efficiently process constraint problem.
Brush Plating Technology of LY11 Duralumin Alloy
Authors: Zhang Wen Xin , Li Jian Xia
Published: August 2011

Brush plating has been an important technology for mending the scratched surface of the engineering parts in recent years. The duralumin alloy is common used structural material. The process for brush plating mending of deeply scratched surface of the parts made by LY11 duralumin alloy is introduced, the technologic methods of LY11 duralumin alloy are studied and analyzed, the merits of the brush plating mending technology of LY11 duralumin alloy are discussed in this article.
The Effect of Fabric Weave Structure and Component Ratio on Pore Size Distribution
Authors: Di Jian Feng , He Xiao Xia , Qi Hong Jin , Du Wen Qin
Published: August 2011

In order to provide the wetting processing and the design of thermal moisture comfort of fabric with micron-scaled pore size data, this paper reports on an experimental investigation on the pore size distribution of 6 kinds of fabrics with the method of seft-proposed weight-classification method. This paper focuses on the effect of fabric structure and component on the pore size distribution . Histograms reveal the relationship between various factors. For cotton fabric, the peak area of the histogram of 1/2 twill weave fabric (TWF) is wider and higher than that of plain weave fabric (PWF) due to fewer structure points and more loose structure. This leads to wicking rate increase. For the polyester fabric, the difference between the peak area shapes of the TWF and PWF is not obvious. This may arise from that smaller warp/weft density of both the samples inhibited by the change in inter-yarn gap leading to the similarity. For polyester-cotton fabric, with the increase in the ratio of hydrophilic cotton component, pore size range significantly expanded, showing more uniform wicking and capillary condensation.
Geometric Modeling and Five-Axis NC Machining for Centrifugal Impeller
Authors: Lee Jeng Nan , Chen Hung Shyong , Kung Huang Kuang
Published: August 2011

As the blade surfaces of the centrifugal impeller are normally twisted in design to achieve the required performance, it can cause overcut and collision problems during machining. In order to comprehend the design concepts of impeller and create the capacity of the manufacture, the objectives of this paper are the regeneration of impeller profile and the studies of the five-axis NC machining. The geometry of the impeller is modeled according to the reverse engineering firstly. In the machining process, the flank cutting technique and the point cutting method are applied to rough and finish machining processes. Through the application of CAM software, the interference-free toolpath and the cutter location for five-axis NC machining are generated. To avoid collision between machine tool components, the generated toolpath is verified before actual machining through solid cutting simulation. It is also verified through the real cut with model material on a five-axis machine tool.
Key Technology of 5-Axis NC Programming and High-Speed Milling for Integral Impellers Based on the General Software UG
Authors: Xiao Jun Min , Zhao Chang Ming
Published: August 2011

Integral impellers are very important parts in the fields of aerospace, shipping and locomotive, whose manufacturing accuracy directly affects performance of key equipments. In developed countries special NC programming software is widely used in order to manufacture integral impellers, the vast majority of enterprises have not special NC programming software of integral impellers owing to expensive cost in China. Key technology of 5-axis NC Programming for integral impellers was solved by using the general software UG and precision machining of integral impellers had been implemented in 5-axis high-speed machining centre.
Computer Methods in Design and Identification of Powder Metallurgy Materials
Authors: Pokorska Iwona
Published: August 2011

This paper has been focused on presentation of application of computer methods in design and identification of PM materials in cold forming operations. The solutions for direct and inverse problems of powder forging have been described. In order to solve an identification problem for powder metallurgy materials we assume desired material model characterizing by specific material law with desired material parameters. The material parameters are the design variables of the optimization problem which have to be solved.
Superconvergence of the Space-Time Continuous Finite Elements with Interpolated Coefficients for Semilinear Parabolic Problems
Authors: Xiong Zhi Guang , Chen Guo Rong , Wang Xue Ling
Published: August 2011

In this article, a space-time continuous finite element method with interpolated coefficients for a class of semilinear parabolic problem is introduced and analyzed. Basic global error estimates are established under the convergence assumption for linear problem. Further application of the orthogonal expansion method which is to construct some superapproximate interpolating functions, the supperconvergence on mesh nodes is proved. Finally the result is tested by a numerical example.
Development and Experiment of Surface Engineering Technology on Mulberry Silk Brocade Fabrics
Authors: Li Shi Chao , Tang Chang Bo , Wang Xuan , Shi Jian Ping
Published: August 2011

Exploring and using surface engineering technology into the Anti-aging antibacterial mold of mulberry silk brocade fabrics through multiple dipping and padding to carry out limited permeation and effective bonding strength on material surface. It has obvious effect on antibiotic action and less effect on the silk materials’ original performance.