bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression and function of receptors for the formylated peptides in granulocytes of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mohammad A. , Filina Yu. V. , Larionova R. V. , Arleevskaya M. I. , Gabdulhakova A. G.
Published: December 2022

Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are an important part of innate immunity involved in antimicrobial phagocyte functions such as chemotaxis, secretory degranulation, and respiratory burst. These phagocyte responses are observed in both acute and systemic chronic inflammation. Abundant or constant release of pro-inflammatory ligands leads to the pre-activation of phagocytes when subsequent stimulation induces more intense cellular response. Binding of the formyl peptide receptor with its agonist activates production of reactive oxygen species, due to triggering phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic subunits p47phox and p67phox followed by their translocation to the plasma membrane and assembly into the NADPH oxidase complex. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by an imbalance of immune processes and autoimmune responses against the own joint tissues. It is known that, granulocytes produce increased amounts of oxygen radicals in various pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis. We suggest that such enhancement may be due to increased expression of formyl peptide receptors or components of the FPR/PKC/NOX2 signaling pathway. Our aim was to study the mRNA expression of fpr1/fpr2 genes and the FPR-dependent production of reactive oxygen species by isolated peripheral blood granulocytes from the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were isolated peripheral blood granulocytes. We analyzed, respectively, 166 and 85 samples from the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy donors. The production of reactive oxygen species was assessed using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. For FPR1 activation we used a distinct concentration of the formyl peptide fMLF: the response to it was completely inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with FPR1 antagonist N-t-boc-MLF. FPR2 activation was performed by synthetic peptide WKYMVM, a specific receptor agonist. In the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, we have revealed an increased level of spontaneous and phorbol ester-induced production of reactive oxygen species by isolated peripheral blood granulocytes, thus reflecting a pre-activated state of the phagocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. We have found the increased FPR1-mediated production of oxygen radicals and expression of mRNA of fpr1 gene in blood granulocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Furthermore, the enhancement of oxidase function may be associated with constitutive activation of the FPR1/PKC/NOX2 pathway as shown by positive correlation between the processes. The production of reactive oxygen species induced by stimulation of the FPR2 receptor is also increased, but it cannot be directly attributed to overexpression of the receptor mRNA or PKC/NOX2 activation, and requires further study. Understanding the mechanisms of regulation of the FPR1 and FPR2 signaling cascades may reveal new targets for anti-rheumatoid therapy.
Expression of M2-associated molecules in circulating monocyte subsets in fertile non-pregnant women and pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy
Authors: Shevela E. Ya. , Bukhtueva N. G. , Tikhonova M. A. , Leplina O. Yu. , Pasman N. M. , Chernykh E. R.
Published: December 2022

In humans circulating monocytes include classical (CD14++CD16- ), intermediate (CD14++CD16+) and non-classical/alternative (CD14+CD16++) monocytes, which in turn can be activated via the classical or alternative pathway. Pregnancy is accompanied by significant changes in the monocyte compartment, which is manifested by an increase in the number of circulating monocytes, including the proportion of intermediate monocytes, and a change in their function. However, the functional properties of monocyte subsets during gestation remain largely unexplored. We hypothesized that circulating monocytes may be activated in an alternative pattern and acquire features of M2 polarization (anti-inflammatory / immunosuppressive properties). The aim of the investigation was to study M2-associated markers that characterize the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive potential of myeloid cells in subpopulations of circulating monocytes in fertile nonpregnant women and women with uncomplicated pregnancy in the 2nd trimester. It was shown that in fertile non-pregnant women intermediate and non-classical monocytes are characterized by a higher expression of M2-associated markers (CD206, Arginase 1, MerTK) compared to classical monocytes. In the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, the expression of these molecules on monocytes increases significantly, which is manifested by 1) an increase in the proportion of CD206+ cells in subpopulations of classical and intermediate monocytes, 2) an increase in the mean fluorescence intensity of Arginase 1 in all monocyte subsets, 3) an increase in the proportion of MerTK+ cells in subpopulations of classical and intermediate monocytes and mean fluorescence intensity across all monocyte subsets. The highest content of CD206+ and MerTK+ cells in pregnant women is detected in the subpopulation of intermediate monocytes, and the highest values of the mean fluorescence intensity of Arginase 1 and MerTK – in the subpopulations of intermediate and non-classical monocytes. The data obtained demonstrate that monocytes of pregnant women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy are characterized by signs of M2 polarization. This is confirmed not only by an increase in the expression of the M2-associated mannose receptor CD206, but also by an increase in the expression of Arginase 1 and MerTK, which mediate the immunosuppressive activity of myeloid cells and, in particular, macrophages of the M2 phenotype. Further studies of M2-associated markers in monocyte subpopulations during gestation will allow a more detailed characterization of the regulatory role of circulating myeloid cells during pregnancy.
Effect of toxic air pollutants on the cytokine release by leukocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Ishchanka A. U.
Published: December 2022

Chronic inflammation in obstructive pulmonary disease develops in genetically predisposed individuals with prolonged or massive exposure to allergens or toxic air pollutants. This effect leads to hyperactivation of immune system and development of uncontrolled inflammatory response. The aim of the study was to determine the level of cytokines in the supernatant of leukocytes from the patients with COPD and asthma following incubation with air toxicants, i.e., a solution of cigarette smoke, an extract of cigarette tobacco, or a solution of exhaust combustion gases. The cytokines were determined by ELISA in the supernatants following exposure of peripheral venous blood leukocytes to the toxicants. To perform the assays, 10-mL samples of peripheral venous blood from the patients were taken into the test tubes with heparin (20 U/mL) in the morning time, not earlier than 2 days after therapeutic infusions of glucocorticosteroids. After gravity sedimentation, the leukocyte-rich was removed, centrifuged at 1500 rpm, then the liquid was discarded, and the leukocyte pellets were diluted with buffered saline (2 106 cells/mL). Individual leukocyte suspensions were divided into 4 wells of an immunological plate, 100 μL each. Equal volumes of test solutions simulating the effect of toxicants were added to three wells. The fourth well contained sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution (negative control). The mixtures in plates were exposed for 45 min at 37 °C followed by centrifugation for 10 min at 1500 rpm. From each well, 50 μL of the supernatant was taken and transferred to the plate for ELISA assays (under the same number). As a result, we have found that the solutions of cigarette smoke and exhaust gases caused release of IL-1β by leukocytes in the patients with asthma and COPD, but not in the samples from control group of healthy volunteers. Spontaneous increase in the IL-1β level was registered in the patients with asthma. The cigarette extracts caused an increased release of TNFα in the supernatant fluid of the patients with COPD. Upon exposure to a solution of exhaust gases, an increased level of TGF-β was revealed in patients with asthma compared to spontaneous cell activation (p < 0.05), as well as an increase in IFNγ contents in the patients with COPD as compared with control group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant changes were revealed for the levels of IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IFNα upon exposure of air toxicants on the leukocytes of patients with COPD, asthma or healthy volunteers.
A comunicação de más notícias em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: um estudo qualitativo com médicos experientes e novatos
Authors: Haas Kelen Dal Castel , Brust-Renck Priscila G.
Published: December 2022

Resumo A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) se caracteriza pela alta complexidade, monitoramento contínuo e ininterrupto, destinando-se ao atendimento de pacientes críticos. Comunicar más notícias neste ambiente gera sentimentos intensos para o paciente e seus familiares. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como os médicos percebem o processo de comunicação de más notícias na UTI, bem como identificar os fatores que facilitam e dificultam este processo, e os sentimentos gerados no profissional. Os 15 médicos participantes responderam um questionário online com perguntas abertas e fechadas. O processo de comunicação de más notícias foi considerado difícil e emotivo, independentemente do tempo de atuação em UTI. O conhecimento sobre a história do paciente e de seus familiares foi um fator facilitador e as mudanças inesperadas no quadro clínico do paciente foram fatores dificultadores do processo de comunicação. Os médicos reconheceram a necessidade de desenvolver competências para aprimorar a relação com paciente e famílias.
Working in health and safety at work: reflections on the construction of an integrated policy
Authors: Lancman Selma , Bruni Maria Teresa , Giannini Ruri , Sales Viviane Barreto , Barros Juliana de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

Abstract Interventions in work environments, processes, and situations encompass the prevention of diseases and accidents and workers’ health promotion. Historically, these actions were originally the responsibility of the Ministry of Labor, being extended to the Ministry of Health, and later to the Ministry of Labor. The aim of this study was to understand and give visibility to the work of the actors working in the different sectors and institutions involved in health and safety at work in the municipality of São Paulo and gain an insight into the barriers to intersectorality and the consequences of the lack of intersectoral collaboration for this area. Work reflection groups were created between 2017 and 2019 with professionals working in the abovementioned ministries and in the Labor Prosecution Office. The data were produced and analyzed drawing on the theoretical bases of the psychodynamics of work. Despite having intrinsically linked objectives, these three bodies in São Paulo continue to encounter difficulties in consolidating intersectorality as envisioned in occupational health and safety policies. Despite sporadic partnerships, merging specific actions, recognizing and mutually respecting each other’s expertise, avoiding overlaps, and building joint, cooperative, and collaborative practices remain challenges.
O Guia Alimentar para População Brasileira (GAPB): uma análise à luz da teoria social
Authors: Ambrosi Claudia , Grisotti Márcia
Published: December 2022

Resumo O Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira (GAPB) é um documento oficial que aborda princípios e recomendações de uma alimentação adequada e saudável e se configura como um instrumento de apoio às ações de educação alimentar e nutricional (EAN). O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o conteúdo do guia, que é um dos principais instrumentos das políticas públicas relacionadas à alimentação no Brasil, à luz de conceitos da teoria social, em especial teorias da modernidade, da identidade e dos riscos. Na análise minuciosa do conteúdo do guia, foi constatado que o texto considerou a diversidade alimentar cultural e biológica das regiões brasileiras. Teve base de referência os alimentos e não os nutrientes, tornando a compreensão das recomendações ilustrativas fáceis de serem assimiladas pelo público. Preocupou-se em evitar os riscos alimentares, levando em consideração a questão da aquisição de alimentos adequados e saudáveis. Entretanto, identificou-se dois riscos não abordados: o problema dos alimentos processados e ultraprocessados (UP); e a omissão de alerta referente aos alimentos transgênicos (OGMs). Embora construído de forma inovadora, estimulando tempo, atenção e companhia à mesa, o GAPB necessita uma revisão.
Equipes de Atenção Primária Prisional e a notificação de tuberculose no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil
Authors: Dotta Renata Maria , Ely Karine Zennatti , Schultz Águida Luana Veriato , Soares Filho Marden Marques , Nunes Péricles Stehmann , Busatto Caroline , Possuelo Lia Gonçalves
Published: December 2022

Resumo Os objetivos deste artigo são descrever o processo de implementação das Equipes de Atenção Primária Prisional no Rio Grande do Sul, a frequência de notificações de tuberculose na população privada de liberdade e a relação cronológica entre ambas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental aninhada a um estudo transversal descritivo de série histórica. Foram analisadas as portarias de habilitação de Equipes de Atenção Primária Prisional e os números e os anos de notificação dos casos de tuberculose oriundos do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação no período de 2014 a 2020. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul foi pioneiro na municipalização e cofinanciamento da saúde prisional, o que resultou na implantação de 45 equipes, com cobertura aproximada de 54,5% das pessoas privadas de liberdade em regime fechado. As equipes notificaram, entre 2014 e 2020, 5.175 casos de tuberculose, com incremento progressivo da notificação de casos, assim como a implantação de novas equipes. A estratégia de implantação de Equipes de Atenção Primária Prisional, impulsionada pela Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde das Pessoas Privadas de Liberdade no Sistema Prisional, mostrou-se de fundamental importância para o aumento de diagnósticos, notificações e controle da tuberculose no estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
Primary Prison Care Teams and tuberculosis notification in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil
Authors: Dotta Renata Maria , Ely Karine Zennatti , Schultz Águida Luana Veriato , Soares Filho Marden Marques , Nunes Péricles Stehmann , Busatto Caroline , Possuelo Lia Gonçalves
Published: December 2022

Abstract This paper aims to describe the implementation process of the Prison Primary Care Teams in Rio Grande do Sul, the frequency of tuberculosis notifications in people deprived of liberty, and their chronological relationship. This documentary research is nested in a descriptive cross-sectional study of historical series. We analyzed the decrees on the qualification of Prison Primary Care Teams, the number, and the year of notification of tuberculosis cases from the National System of Notifiable Diseases from 2014 to 2020. The state of Rio Grande do Sul pioneered prison health municipalization and shared financing, which resulted in the implementation of 45 teams, covering approximately 54.5% of people deprived of liberty a closed regime. The teams notified 5,175 cases of tuberculosis from 2014 to 2020, with a progressive increase in the notification of cases and the implementation of new teams. The strategy of implementing Prison Primary Care Teams driven by the National Comprehensive Health Care Policy for People Deprived of Liberty in the Prison System was crucial for increasing TB diagnosis, notification, and control in Rio Grande do Sul.
Prevalence of intestinal nematodes infection in school children of urban areas of district Lower Dir, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman H. Ur. , Khatoon N. , Arshad S. , Masood Z. , Ahmad B. , Khan W. , Rafiq N. , Khan M. I. , Kabir M. , Haq Z. Ul , Kamal I. , Khan E. , Rashid M. , Haq A. ul , Garedaghi Y.
Published: December 2022

Abstract Intestinal parasitism is the main cause of disease all over the world and described as a significant community health problem. The current study intended to find out the occurrence and identification of hazard factors linked with IPIs among 4-12 years aged shool-age children residing in Lower Dir district, Pakistan during 2019 - 2020. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted using a pre-arranged pre-tested survey. Anthropometric data and stool collection were done to obtain the findings. The direct wet mount preparation in saline/iodine/methods was used for stool examination. Data were investigated using the GraphPad Prism 5. A total of 400 children studied (mean age of 8.6±3.6 years) the total incidence rate for the intestinal parasitic disease was established to be 71.75%. Of the 400 children studied, the overall prevalence rate for intestinal parasitic infections was found to 71.75% Ascaris lumbricoides (33.1%), Trichuris trichiura (1.04%), E. vermicularis (1.39%), Hookworm (19.86%) were identified in children living in the study area. We concluded that there is a mass scale campaigns were required to generate alertness about health and sanitation in children and the need for the development of effective poverty control programs because deworming (killing of worm with drugs) alone is not adequate to control parasitic infections.
Sketched reference databases for genome-based taxonomy and comparative genomics
Authors: Sánchez-Reyes A. , Fernández-López M. G.
Published: December 2022

Abstract The analysis of curated genomic, metagenomic and proteomic data is of paramount importance in the fields of biology, medicine, education, and bioinformatics. Although this type of data is usually hosted in raw format on free international repositories, the full access requires lots of computing power and large storage disk space for the domestic user. The purpose of the study is to offer a comprehensive set of microbial genomic and proteomic reference databases in an accessible and easy-to-use form to the scientific community and demonstrate its advantages and usefulness. Also, we present a case study on the applicability of the sketched data, for the determination of overall genomic coherence between two members of the Brucellacea family, which suggests they belong to the same genomospecies that remain as discrete ecotypes. A representative set of genomes, proteomes (from type material), and metagenomes were directly collected from the NCBI Assembly database and Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB), associated with the major groups of Bacteria, Archaea, Virus, and Fungi. Sketched databases were subsequently created and stored on handy reduced representations by using the MinHash algorithm implemented in Mash software. The obtained dataset contains more than 133 GB of space disk reduced to 883.25 MB and represents 125,110 genomics/proteomic records from eight informative contexts, which have been prefiltered to make them accessible, usable, and user-friendly with limited computational resources. Potential uses of these sketched databases are discussed, including but not limited to microbial species delimitation, estimation of genomic distances and genomic novelties, paired comparisons between proteomes, genomes, and metagenomes; phylogenetic neighbor’s exploration and selection, among others.
Gas exchange and growth of soursop under salt stress and H2O2 application methods
Authors: Capitulino J. D. , Lima G. S. , Azevedo C. A. V. , Silva A. A. R. , Veloso L. L. S. A. , Farias M. S. S. , Soares L. A. A. , Gheyi H. R. , Lima V. L. A.
Published: December 2022

Abstract The production of soursop seedlings in the Northeast region of Brazil has faced limitations due to the high concentrations of salts in the water, so it is necessary to use techniques that enable its cultivation, and the application of hydrogen peroxide to minimize the deleterious effects of salt stress stands out. In this context, the objective was to evaluate forms of application of hydrogen peroxide as an attenuator of salt stress on the gas exchange and growth of soursop seedlings cv. Morada Nova. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, in an Regolithic Neosol of sandy loam texture, from the municipality of Lagoa Seca - PB. A completely randomized design was used in a 5 × 4 factorial arrangement, whose treatments resulted from the combination of five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.6 – control, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and four forms of hydrogen peroxide application (M1 - without H2O2 application, M2 - application by seed soaking, M3 - application by foliar spraying, and M4 - application by seed soaking + foliar spraying), with four replicates and two plants per experimental unit, totaling 160 plants. The concentration of H2O2 used in the different forms of application was 20 µM. Irrigation water salinity from 0.6 dS m-1 reduced the gas exchange and growth of soursop. The method of H2O2 application by foliar spraying minimized the effects of salt stress on gas exchange. The method of H2O2 application by seed soaking reduced the effect of salt stress on the growth of soursop at 85 days after sowing.
The role of selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles on mitigating side effects of obesity in rats
Authors: Mahmoud A. H. , AbdElMonem H. A. , Abbas M. M.
Published: December 2022

Abstract Obesity and related diseases represent greatest threats to human health. Nanoparticles (NPs) serve to reduce toxicity; reinforce bioactivity and improve targeting. This study was intended to investigate the antiobesity and antioxidant activities of selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Methods: Twenty four adult male rats were divided into four groups, group1 control rats fed normal diet and the other three groups were fed high fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks to induce obesity and injected intraperitoneally with saline, SeNPs (30μg/kg b.wt) and ZnONPs (5mg/kg b.wt) respectively on the last two weeks of feeding (9th and 10th). Results: HFD increased body weight, oxidative stress as indicated by elevated lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione and catalase levels, increased significantly serum lipid fractions, leptin, liver enzymes, creatinine and uric acid. While causing a substantial decrease in HDL-C and thyroid hormone T4 levels. The results confirmed that treatment with SeNPs and ZnONPs significantly reduced body weight, MDA and improved liver and kidney functions, ameliorated serum lipid fractions level and significantly increased glutathione, catalase, HDL-C and thyroid hormone. Conclusion: SeNPs and ZnONPs significantly mitigate hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. So, they might be potential candidate for obesity amelioration.
Infant-directed speech in Brazilian Portuguese: The prosody of questions
Authors: Name Cristina , Sosa Juan Manuel
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Infant-directed speech (IDS) is the register commonly used in infant-adult interactions in many linguistic communities, and presents a number of special lexical, syntactic and prosodic particularities when compared to adult speech, such as words with syllable reduplication, high question rate and exaggerated prosody. In this study, we focus on interrogatives and their prosodic properties as the object of investigation. Data analysis of interactions of ten Brazilian Portuguese-acquiring infants aged 4 to 12 months and their caregivers, revealed that questions corresponded to 33% of the total utterances produced and are emphasized mainly by marked pitch (raised pitch range and expanded pitch span), as well as increased duration. Moreover, the pitch contours of Wh and Yes/No questions followed their respective patterns observed in adult speech. These results are compatible with those found in the literature and indicate that, in general, the IDS used in Brazilian Portuguese has similar characteristics to this register in other languages.
Compressive lesions in the central nervous system of cattle: a retrospective study of 50 cases in the Amazon biome
Authors: Barbosa José D. , Brito Marilene F. , Duarte Marcos D. , Albernaz Tatiane T. , Bomjardim Henrique A. , Barbosa Camila C. , Oliveira Carlos Magno C. , Salvarani Felipe M.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT: The present study gathered epidemiological and clinical-pathological information about cattle with compressive lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). The retrospective study included observations made in 50 cattle from 1998 to 2021 by reviewing the clinical records of animals with compressive lesions in the CNS treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine Institute of the Federal University of Pará. The animals had clinical signs and were subjected to general and specific clinical examination of the nervous system. Blood samples were collected from 13 animals for complete blood counts, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from four animals for physical evaluation. Twenty-nine cattle underwent necropsy. The most affected sites were the T3-L3 (46%, 23/50), C1-C5 (22%, 11/50), C6-T2 (14%, 7/50), sacrococcygeal vertebrae, (4%, 2/50), L4-S2 (2%, 1/50), brain (8%, 4/50) and cerebellum (4%, 2/50). The age of the affected cattle ranged from 20 days to 16 years, with a higher occurrence in animals younger than 12 months (56%, 28/50). More Females were affected (58%, 29/50) than males (42%, 21/50). The clinical signs varied according to the location of the lesion and were mainly represented by ataxia, paresis or paralysis of the limbs, inability to stand and walk, postural changes, hyperesthesia in the extremities, and loss of skin sensitivity at the location of the lesion. The necropsy findings revealed changes such as abscesses in the vertebral body; intervertebral space in the medullary canal, pituitary and cerebellum; granuloma in the arch of the vertebra; fractures of the body of the vertebrae; subarachnoid haematoma; congenital bone alteration causing spinal cord compression; and spondylitis. Detailed anamnesis and clinical examination of the CNS, associated with necropsy findings, were important to determine the cause of the disease, correlate with the clinical picture and locate the affected segments of the CNS in the cattle. It is important to include these diseases in the list of differential diagnoses in cattle with nervous symptoms.
Metabolic imbalances, hoof injuries, and metabolic profile of high-producing Holstein × Gir cowsshowing lameness
Authors: Cucunubo Santos Luis G. , Breda Jose C.S. , Cerri Fabricio M. , Flabian Karina K.M.C. , Facury Filho Elias J. , Lisbôa Júlio A.N.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT: This study attempted to determine the associations between metabolic imbalances and lameness or hoof injuries in high-producing Holstein × Gir cows, and to determine whether the metabolic profile affects the occurrence of lameness. Eighty cows were followed from -60 to 60 days relative to calving and hoof injuries were reported on days -60, 7 and 60. Locomotion score (LS), body condition score (BCS), the concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, cholesterol, albumin, total protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase were determined at days -42, -21, -7, 0, 7, 21 and 42. The McNemar and Chi-square tests were used to compare frequencies of lameness and hoof injuries over time and to verify the associations between lameness, BCS, hoof injuries, and metabolic disorders. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used considering groups (non-lame × lame cows) and variations of BCS and metabolites over time. Lameness and hoof injuries increased between days -60 (20% and 66.3%) and 60 (44.7% and 98.6%). Excessive postpartum loss of BCS (P=0.017) and subclinical hypocalcemia (P=0.012) were associated with lameness on day 60. In general, the metabolic profile did not differ between lame and non-lame cows but cholesterol, albumin, BUN and magnesium concentrations were higher in non-lame cows. The postpartum decrease in BCS can affect the occurrence of lameness, and the metabolic profile of lame cows shows little difference from that of non-lame cows.
Sustainability Practices, Performance and Competitiveness in the Export Furniture Industry Management
Authors: Johann Gabriela Bertoletti , Silva Givanildo , Mazzioni Sady , Casagrande Rodrigo Moreira
Published: December 2022

Abstract Stakeholders’ increasing concern with sustainability has been encouraging firms to adopt practices aimed at minimizing their negative externalities. The aim of the current article is to investigate the impact of adopting sustainability practices on the performance and competitiveness of the Brazilian furniture industry. Environmental management variables, operational practices, social practices focused on both the employees and the community were herein considered sustainability practices. Results have indicated the positive association of operational and social practices with sustainability performance and competitiveness. However, such behavior was not observed in environmental practices. The current study has shown the way each sustainability dimension influences performance by encouraging managers to invest in social and environmental practices, and by contributing to systemic changes on behalf of sustainability. Evidence has confirmed that investing in sustainability practices helps improving companies’ performance and competitiveness.
Desconstruindo os atlas históricos brasileiros: do Parergon ao Atlas Histórico Escolar
Authors: Peixoto Renato Amado
Published: December 2022

Resumo O projeto do Atlas Histórico do Brasil foi proposto pelo Ministério das Relações Exteriores em 1938, às vésperas da comemoração do cinquentenário da República, e passou por variadas transformações refletindo as incertezas e disputas em torno do seu conteúdo e formato até que terminou impresso como o Atlas Histórico Escolar. Este foi composto enquanto um aparelho didático e mnemônico da formação histórica nacional e da projeção pacífica, humanística e planetária do Brasil, instruindo acerca da importância dos diplomatas nesse trajeto. O exame desse processo nos permite observar o sentido da reelaboração da história brasileira no século XX e reconhecer a recuperação de conteúdos muito antigos que remontam ao início da produção dos atlas históricos na Europa durante o século XVII. Deste modo, nosso objeto nos permite aclarar a produção dos atlas históricos como um todo e contribui para repensar o papel da história da cartografia em relação à sua teoria, sugerindo a possibilidade de uma análise não-regular e não-linear dos atlas.
Parcerias e aspectos materiais da primeira edição dos livros sobre o barroco brasileiro de Germain Bazin
Authors: URIBARREN MARÍA SABINA
Published: December 2022

RESUMO Germain Bazin, historiador da arte e curador-chefe de pinturas do Museu do Louvre (1950-1965), foi autor de duas obras referenciais sobre o barroco colonial brasileiro, publicadas pela primeira vez entre 1956 e 1963. Para a consecução dos seus livros sobre o Brasil - um sobre arquitetura colonial, outro sobre o Aleijadinho escultor -, Bazin contou com o apoio do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) e de Assis Chateaubriand, dono dos Diários Associados. Neste artigo, aprofundamos as parcerias estabelecidas entre eles, às vezes inusitadas, mas sempre eficazes no intuito de atingir a publicação dos escritos sobre o barroco brasileiro e outros objetivos articulados aos campos artístico e museológico. A publicação dos livros permitiu introduzir a produção colonial brasileira e, especificamente, a do Aleijadinho, no universo das chefs-d’œuvre mundiais. A produção intelectual de Bazin também contribuiu para chancelar a construção identitária promovida pelo Iphan em nível nacional. A divulgação dos textos, realizada com maestria pelos Diários Associados aproximou a narrativa defendida pelo instituto às discussões cotidianas do Brasil. Por último, interpretamos a consecução dos livros de Bazin como um espaço de reinvindicação do autor, já que este era questionado, à época do lançamento sobre o Aleijadinho, em relação à transparência da sua ação profissional na França.
A enormidade de um “livrinho”: primeira edição e público-alvo de Os colonos na província [de] St. Paulo, no Brasil, de Thomas Davatz (1858)
Authors: SOUZA BRUNO GABRIEL WITZEL DE
Published: December 2022

RESUMO A Revolta dos Parceiros (1856-1857), ocorrida na fazenda Ibicaba, é um dos mais conhecidos episódios da história da imigração no Brasil. Para além da relevância do episódio em si, a ênfase historiográfica que recebeu se explica também pela abundância de fontes, destacando-se o relato de seu líder, o mestre-escola Thomas Davatz, que, em 1858, publicou uma versão revisada de seu relatório sobre as condições de trabalho e vida nas fazendas paulistas. Este artigo estuda a história da composição desse livro e a materialidade da primeira edição, lançada pela tipografia de Leonhard Hitz, em Chur, Suíça. Os títulos publicados por Hitz, listados na contracapa do livro de Davatz, permitem-nos lançar vistas sobre seu público-alvo. A partir da coleta de dados bibliográficos de uma amostra desses títulos, o custo da brochura de Davatz foi estimado em dois francos. Essa estimativa e a materialidade do livro indicam o caráter popular da edição, embora o preço ainda fosse não-negligenciável para a população mais pobre - precisamente aquela com maior interesse em emigrar -, equivalendo, na Suíça dos anos 1850, a uma jornada de dez horas e meia de um trabalhador médio. Finalmente, pelo estudo da capa, são aventadas hipóteses sobre as decisões editoriais da primeira tradução do título ao português, realizada por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda para a Biblioteca Histórica Brasileira, organizada por Rubens Borba de Moraes. A tradução brasileira está bastante alinhada com o título da capa original, que difere, em certa medida, daquela contida na folha de rosto.
Metonímia da conveniência: o entorno de si mesma no caso do tombamento da Igreja da Ordem Terceira do Carmo em São Paulo
Authors: PEREIRA JULIA DA ROCHA
Published: December 2022

RESUMO O caso do tombamento da Igreja da Ordem Terceira do Carmo, em São Paulo, em 1996, apresenta os meandros do processo de identificação do patrimônio cultural brasileiro, evidenciando os embates entre narrativas de seleção que ora ampliam as possibilidades de compreensão do bem cultural, ora reiteram as práticas já consolidadas de reconhecimento do patrimônio edificado. A discussão perdurou por 38 anos e culminou na seleção de partes da edificação - frontaria, nave, capela-mor, sacristia e compartimentos em estrutura de taipa - caracterizadas enquanto bem tombado e na delimitação das demais fachadas e elementos integrantes da edificação como área de entorno.
International Development Cooperation as a Foreign Policy Instrument: The Political Economy of Brazilian Technical Cooperation from 2003 to 2016
Authors: Apolinário Júnior Laerte
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Why would a country provide International Development Cooperation (IDC)? The aid literature identifies moral and humanitarian purposes, political-diplomatic objectives, and economic interests as the main reasons a country would have an IDC policy. This paper contributes to this debate through a case study of Brazil’s motivation to provide technical cooperation between 2003 and 2016, employing an innovative analytical framework for this case. Especially during Luis Inácio Lula da Silva’s government, Brazil’s official discourse emphasized its national cooperation’s solidarity characteristics. One may link this non-indifference tone to the moral and humanitarian principles of providing IDC. Notwithstanding, the South-South Cooperation (SSC) mutual benefits narrative indicates political and economic interests in its execution. This paper analyzes the Brazilian Technical Cooperation (TC) allocation patterns between 2003 and 2016. It explores whether (and which) political and economic considerations were significant determinants of Brazilian cooperation. On the one hand, trade exports, subsided loans, and political support in international institutions help explain the Brazilian Technical Cooperation allocation pattern during this period. On the other, Brazil prioritized less-developed countries with better democratic institutions in its TC policy.
Elderly people social groups as a tool for health empowerment: action research
Authors: Veras Danielly Cristiny de , Lacerda Gabrielle Mangueira , Forte Franklin Delano Soares
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to build health promotion and prevention actions with elderly people and health professionals and evaluate the meaning of health empowerment for older people. An action research was conducted with a family health team, the Family Health Support Center, and 26 older individuals from a dialogic perspective. Seventeen older individuals were interviewed, and the content analysis technique was used. The elderly people expressed the meaning of the social group based on socialization, meaningful bonds, sharing, learning, and redefinition of life projects. The social group was a space for listening, creating, sharing experiences, and valuing life stories. This interaction redefined the aging process and life projects and increased satisfaction with health and life.
Para além das classificações biomédicas: a experiência do câncer de mama no Brasil, 1990-2015
Authors: Barradas Carlos , Teixeira Luiz Antonio , Araújo Neto Luiz Alves
Published: December 2022

Resumo Analisa as experiências de adoecimento por câncer de mama de mulheres em tratamento no Hospital do Câncer III do Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro. Argumenta que parte da experiência das mulheres entrevistadas foi construída pela interação entre a convivência familiar e a mobilização de diferentes significados culturais da doença e da feminilidade, negociando sentidos para entidades biomédicas. O estudo resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa de inspiração etnográfica, que entrevistou mulheres em tratamento de câncer de mama ao longo de 2015. Parte dos depoimentos para discutir a interação da sociedade com as entidades biomédicas para a significação do câncer no Brasil entre as décadas de 1990 e 2010.
Teachers amid emergency remote teaching: repercussions of social distancing on formal education
Authors: Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza , Neves Vanusa Nascimento Sabino
Published: December 2022

Abstract The article analyzes formal education in schools and universities during social distancing due to the covid-19 pandemic. The objective was to understand how social isolation reverberated in the teaching practices to enable teaching and learning through emergency remote teaching. The study had a qualitative approach with the participation of 146 teachers from basic and higher education using an online questionnaire. Data were processed in Iramuteq software and interpreted using content analysis according to Bardin. Five categories of analysis emerged: students’ digital exclusion; impacts on teachers’ health; difficulties in the teaching-learning process; pedagogical demands to handle the situation; and precariousness of teaching work. The results indicated that the students’ lack of access to adequate technological equipment and the internet, the increase in the demands of teaching work, and the inability of some teachers to teach online classes using digital information and communication technologies increased the precariousness of teaching work, which caused damages to teachers’ health. Concluiu-se que a superação deste cenário inóspito exige medidas urgentes e efetivas, sobremodo aquelas de iniciativa do poder público, para a promoção da equalização social, com o fomento abrangente do acesso às tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação, além do investimento em capacitação profissional voltada às novas demandas pedagógicas do ensino remoto emergencial e à valorização do magistério.
GRADIENT-ENHANCED DEEP NEURAL NETWORK APPROXIMATIONS
Authors: Feng Xiaodong , Zeng Li
Published: December 2022

We propose in this work the gradient-enhanced deep neural network (DNN) approach for function approximations and uncertainty quantification. More precisely, the proposed approach adopts both the function evaluations and the associated gradient information to yield enhanced approximation accuracy. In particular, the gradient information is included as a regularization term in the gradient-enhanced DNN approach, for which we present posterior estimates (by the two-layer neural networks) similar to those in the path-norm regularized DNN approximations. We also discuss the application of this approach to gradient-enhanced uncertainty quantification, and present several numerical experiments to show that the proposed approach can outperform the traditional DNN approach in many cases of interest.
Tet2- and Tet3-Mediated Cytosine Hydroxymethylation in Six2 Progenitor Cells in Mice Is Critical for Nephron Progenitor Differentiation and Nephron Endowment
Authors: Liang Xiujie , Aranyi Tamas , Zhou Jianfu , Guan Yuting , Hu Hailong , Liu Hongbo , Susztak Katalin
Published: December 2022

Significance Statement

Epigenetic changes have been proposed to mediate nephron endowment during development, a critical determinant of future renal disease development. Hydroxymethyl cytosine, an epigenetic modification important for gene regulation, is abundant in the human kidney, but its physiologic role and the role of DNA demethylase enzymes encoded by the Tet1, Tet2, or Tet3, which mediate cytosine hydroxymethylation, are unclear. By genetically deleting Tet1, Tet2, or Tet3 in nephron progenitors in mice, the authors showed that combined Tet2 and Tet3 loss in nephron progenitors cause defective kidney development, leading to kidney failure and perinatal death. Tet2 and Tet3 deletion also caused an alteration in demethylation and expression of genes critical for nephron formation. These findings establish that Tet2- and Tet3-mediated cytosine hydroxymethylation in nephron progenitors plays a critical role in nephron endowment.

Background

Nephron endowment is a key determinant of hypertension and renal disease in later life. Epigenetic changes have been proposed to mediate fetal programming and nephron number. DNA cytosine methylation, which plays a critical role in gene regulation, is affected by proteins encoded by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) DNA demethylase gene family (Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3), but the roles of TET proteins in kidney development and nephron endowment have not been characterized.

Methods

To study whether epigenetic changes—specifically, active DNA hydroxymethylation mediated by Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3—are necessary for nephron progenitor differentiation and nephron endowment, we generated mice with deletion of Tet1, Tet2, or Tet3 in Six2-positive nephron progenitors cells (NPCs). We then performed unbiased omics profiling, including whole-genome bisulfite sequencing on isolated Six2-positive NPCs and single-cell RNA sequencing on kidneys from newborn mice.

Results

We did not observe changes in kidney development or function in mice with NPC-specific deletion of Tet1, Tet2, Tet3 or Tet1/Tet2, or Tet1/Tet3. On the other hand, mice with combined Tet2 and Tet3 loss in Six2-positive NPCs failed to form nephrons, leading to kidney failure and perinatal death. Tet2 and Tet3 loss in Six2-positive NPCs resulted in defective mesenchymal to epithelial transition and renal vesicle differentiation. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing, and gene and protein expression analysis identified a defect in expression in multiple genes, including the WNT-β-catenin signaling pathway, due to a failure in demethylation of these loci in the absence of Tet2 and Tet3.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that Tet2- and Tet3-mediated active cytosine hydroxymethylation in NPCs play a key role in kidney development and nephron endowment.
ELEKTRONİK TİCARETTE LOJİSTİK HİZMET KALİTESİ MÜŞTERİ TATMİNİ VE MÜŞTERİ SADAKATİ BAKIMINDAN NE DENLİ ÖNEMLİ?
Authors: CANOZ Yasar , GÜNDÜZ Şafak
Published: December 2022

Dijitalleşme sürecinin bir parçası olarak yirminci yüzyılın sonlarında ortaya çıkan ve hızlı bir şekilde ticari hayatımızın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelen elektronik ticaret, tüketicilere artık zaman ya da mekân kavramlarına bağlı kalınmadan satın alınmak istenilen ürünlerin ya da hizmetlerin, çevrimiçi olarak satın alınmasına imkân sağlamaktadır. İşletmeler için ise geleneksel alışveriş kavramı ile ulaşmaları belki de imkânsız olacak tüketicilere ulaşma imkân sunan elektronik ticaret, işletmelere daha geniş pazarlara giriş şansı yaratması yanında, diğer işletmelere ve belki de kendilerinden büyük ve normal şartlarda rekabet edemeyecekleri işletmelere karşı rekabet edebilmeleri açısından da bir avantaj sağlamaktadır. Tüketiciler genel olarak satın aldıkları ürün ve hizmetin beklentilerini karşılamasını ve bunu da uygun bir maliyetle gerçekleştirmesini talep ederler. Günümüzde elektronik ticaret ile tüketicilerin bu taleplerine, ürün ve hizmetlerin kendilerine uygun şartlar altında ulaştırılması da eklenmiştir. Bu nedenle elektronik ticaret ile faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin, sunulan lojistik hizmet kalitesini müşterileri için memnuniyet ve sadakat sağlayıcı bir unsur, kendileri içinde rekabetin önemli bir avantaj olarak görmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmada, lojistik hizmet kalitesinin, müşteri memnuniyeti ve müşteri sadakati ile olan ilişkisi, İstanbul ilinde ikamet eden 398 elektronik ticaret kullanıcısı olan tüketicinin katılımıyla sağlanan veriler üzerinden gerçekleştirilen istatistiksel analizler ile incelenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Bu etkinin araştırılması amacıyla, lojistik hizmet kalitesi için Micu ve ark. (2013), müşteri memnuniyeti ve sadakati için Eid (2011) tarafından geliştirilen ölçekler kullanılmıştır.
Knowledge and perception of occupational therapists and physiotherapists on the use of constraint-induced movement therapy for stroke rehabilitation in South Africa
Authors: Mbuyisa  , Ogunlana  , Ndaba  , Govender
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation therapists are expected to manage upper extremities difficulties following stroke by using effective treatment approaches. Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) facilitates upper extremity functional recovery in patients after stroke; however, in South Africa, its application is not well documented. AIM: To assess and compare the knowledge and perception of occupational therapists and physiotherapists on the use of CIMT for stroke rehabilitation in South Africa. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design using a self-administered online questionnaire was distributed via the two national professional societies. Data were analysed descriptively and the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to make inferences RESULTS: Of 108 respondents, 49.1% (n=53) were occupational therapists, and 50.9% (n=55) physiotherapists. A higher level of education (p=0.037) and working specifically with stroke patients (p=0.050) are significantly associated with better CIMT knowledge and perception. The profession of the participants was not significantly associated with their knowledge and perception of CIMT. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates gaps in the knowledge of CIMT as a treatment technique for upper extremity impairment following stroke. Although most respondents knew about CIMT, improved guidance and knowledge of CIMT are required to remediate knowledge gaps. This may assist in improving the feasibility of CIMT and thus promote its clinical application, given the prevalence of UE impairment in stroke patients managed by therapists.