bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of evogliptin versus sitagliptin as add on to metformin alone in a combined russian-korean population. Evo-combi trial
Authors: Babenko Alina Y. , Mosikian Anna A. , Makarenko Igor E. , Leusheva Victoriya V. , Shlyakhto Evgeny V.
Published: October 2018

Background: Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors (iDPP-4) are pathogenically targeted drugs for diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). Evogliptin is a new member of iDPP-4 class. The drug has the longest half-elimination period among the class, and its efficacy and safety as monotherapy have been already studied in placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials.
Aims: To study efficacy and safety of evogliptin as compared to sitagliptin in T2DM patients with unsatisfying glycemic control with metformin monotherapy via a multinational double blind randomized controlled trial. To compare the study results in Russian and Korean subpopulations.
Materials and methods: We used a combined Russian-Korean database (1:4) of EVO-COMBI trial. 281 adult T2DM patients administered metformin alone (at least 1000 mg/day) were randomized 1:1 to add on evogliptin (142 patients) or sitagliptin (139 patients) for 24 weeks once daily. The primary endpoint was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level at Week 24 as compared to baseline. Non-inferiority was concluded if the upper limit of the 2-sided 95% confidence interval for the HbA1c difference between treatments was 0.35 %. Subgroup analysis for between-subpopulation difference in treatment effect was also conducted.
Results: The mean between-group difference was 0.03 % [95 % CI: -0.14; 0.19 %], that confirms non-inferiority of evogliptin (mean HbA1c decrease -0.58 0.70 %, p0.001) to sitagliptin (mean HbA1c decrease -0.61 0.66 %, p0.001). Evogliptin and sitagliptin both tend to be more effective in South Korean subpopulation in terms of fasting plasma glucose lowering (p=0.030), however HbA1c decrease in subpopulations was comparable (p=0.657). Both drugs were well tolerated in both subpopulations. Adverse effects were associated mostly with gastrointestinal disorders, and the frequency was comparable between treatment groups (p0.05). Gastrointestinal adverse effects were registered more often in Korean patients (p=0.014). There were no severe hypoglycemia. Frequency of mild hypoglycemia was comparable between evogliptin and sitagliptin (0.7 % and 5.2 %, respectively, p=0.365).
Conclusions: Evogliptin 5 mg/day is non-inferior to sitagliptin 100 mg/day in T2DM patients with unsatisfying glycemic control with metformin monotherapy. Safety profile is also comparable. Efficacy-safety profile of evogliptin is comparable in Russian and South Korean subpopulations.
Soy milk and ginger (Sulehe) increase PPAR-γ expression in a rat model of insulin resistance
Authors: Handayani Wiwik , Andarini Sri , Lyrawati Diana , Rudijanto Achmad
Published: October 2018

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a defect in insulin secretion resulting in insulin resistance. This disease leads to dysfunction of various organs including eyes, kidneys, and heart. One of the alternative diets which can be consumed is a mixture of soy milk and ginger (Indonesian: Susu kedelai dan jahe (Sulehe)). Sulehe contains isoflavones, PUFAs, and gingerols that are affected by insulin resistance.
Aim: This study was aimed to discover the effect of Sulehe on peroxisome expression proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-) in a rat model of insulin resistance.
Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into six study groups: (1) negative control, (2) positive control, (3) soy milk 5 g/kg BB diet, (4) ginger 500 mg/kg BB diet, (5) Sulehe (soy milk 2500 mg/kg BB + ginger 250 mg/kg BB) diet, (6) Sulehe (soy milk 5000 mg/kg BB + ginger 500 mg/kg BB) diet. This research belonged to experimental in vivo laboratory study with all replications of each treatment across all subjects is completely randomized, and data retrieval with a post-test only control group design.
Results: The mean PPAR- activity in normal (control) rats was 578 82.02. Sulehe (soy milk 5000 g + ginger 500 mg) diet can increase rat PPAR- activity up to 1158 53.74. The significant different result achieved when p-value on ANOVA analysis is less than 0.05 (p0.05). According to the ANOVA analysis, there was a significant difference in PPAR- in the combination of soy milk + ginger 500 mg, with a difference of 345.5, compared with control.
Conclusion: In summary, Sulehe may be a potential agent to influence PPAR- expression.
Cesspools, Sewage, and Social Murder
Authors: Angus Ian
Published: October 2018

The accumulation of human excrement in nineteenth-century cities, particularly London, precipitated a historic environmental crisis—an aspect of the metabolic rift mostly overlooked in ecosocialist analysis. The solution that was finally adopted only shifted the problem out of sight, setting the stage for even greater crises in our time.
Contribution of Immunohistochemistry in Prognostic Assessment of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma – Review of the Literature I.
Authors: Tomšová Markéta , Melichar Bohuslav
Published: October 2018

Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is worldwide the sixth most common female cancer, and this malignancy carries the highest mortality among all gynecological cancers. The high mortality is due mostly to the fact that the tumor is frequently diagnosed late, in advanced stage, as the early disease is often asymptomatic and no effective screening methods are available. The most important prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma are the stage, size of residual tumor following surgery, presence of ascites, age and the general condition of the patient, tumor histology, and, in patients with early disease, also the grade of the tumor. Large number of studies on prognostic and predictive factors in epithelial ovarian carcinoma has been published, often with contradictory results. The most intensely studied prognostic factors are those for expression of hormonal receptors, for tumor proliferation activity (mainly by antigen Ki-67 and topoisomerase IIα), the markers of apoptosis (p53, p21, mdm2, bcl-2 and other proteins), or other oncoproteins (particularly HER-2/neu).
Effect of cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt ions on alkaloids production and expression of CrMPK3 gene in Catharanthus roseus suspension cultures
Authors: Fouad Ahmed Sayed , Hafez Rehab Mahmoud
Published: October 2018

The capabilities of cobalt ions (Co2+) and cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) in enhancing alkaloids accumulation in Catharanthus roseus suspension cultures were evaluated in relation to the expression of CrMPK3 gene. Four concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L) of each cobalt form were utilized in addition to control. Both forms induced oxidative stress that was more pronounced for Co2+ treatments. A positive correlation was observed between cobalt concentration and expression of CrMPK3 gene. However, a characteristic temporal expression profile was recorded for each cobalt form. Also, positive correlations were detected between both cobalt concentration and expression of CrMPK3 gene on one hand and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and APX) and alkaloids content on the other hand. Such correlations suggest CrMPK3 gene as a common player in cobalt-induced stress signaling; regardless of cobalt form. Results revealed the higher capability of Co2+, compared with CoNPs, in enhancing alkaloids accumulation. However, results supported CoNPs as a novel tool in manipulating cobalt-induced alkaloids production in C. roseus.
Reduction of word-final obstruent-liquid-schwa clusters in Parisian French
Authors: Brand Sophie , Ernestus Mirjam
Published: October 2018

This corpus study investigated pronunciation variants of word-final obstruent-liquid-schwa (OLS) clusters in nouns in casual Parisian French. Results showed that at least one phoneme was absent in 80.7% of the 291 noun tokens in the dataset, and that the whole cluster was absent (e.g., [mis] forministre) in no less than 15.5% of the tokens. We demonstrate that phonemes are not always completely absent, but that they may leave traces on neighbouring phonemes. Further, the clusters display undocumented voice assimilation patterns. Statistical modelling showed that a phoneme is most likely to be absent if the following phoneme is also absent. The durations of the phonemes are conditioned particularly by the position of the word in the prosodic phrase. We argue, on the basis of three different types of evidence, that in French word-final OLS clusters, the absence of obstruents is mainly due to gradient reduction processes, whereas the absence of schwa and liquids may also be due to categorical deletion processes.
A diachronic perspective on near-synonymy: The concept of sweet-smelling in American English
Authors: Pettersson-Traba Daniela
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a diachronic analysis of the attributive uses of four synonymous adjectives which designate the concept ofsweet-smelling(fragrant, perfumed, scented, andsweet-smelling) in the latter part of Late Modern and Present-day American English. By drawing on data from theCorpus of Historical American English(COHA) and applying a Hierarchical Configural Frequency Analysis (HCFA), it delineates the internal semantic structure of this set of synonyms, paying special attention to their noun collocates. The results show that the concept ofsweet-smellingexperiences major changes over the time span examined (1850–2009), from being used mostly to qualify entities which can exhibit anaturalpleasant smell (e.g. flowers and trees) to modifying objects which areartificiallysweet-smelling (e.g. oils and shampoos). Moreover,fragrantandperfumed, which initially were the most frequent adjectives, are gradually replaced byscented, thus reflecting a change in the relation between the synonyms over time. The study constitutes the first diachronic approximation to synonymy from the perspective of cognitive semantics and provides equally effective results as previous synchronic research in the field.
Growth and Fruit Biochemical Characteristics of Three Strawberry Genotypes under Different Potassium Concentrations of Nutrient Solution
Authors: Tohidloo Ghasem , Souri Mohammad Kazem , Eskandarpour Samaneh
Published: October 2018

A nutrient solution experiment was performed to evaluate the growth, yield and fruit biochemical characteristics of strawberry under different potassium levels of nutrient solution. Potassium concentrations including 235 (control), 350, 450 and 600 mg L-1 were applied to three strawberry genotypes of Camarosa, Selva and Parus under hydroponic culture. In the three genotypes, the maximum leaf area was observed at 350 mg L-1 K, and the maximum shoot fresh weight was either at 350 mg L-1 (in Camarosa and Parus) or at 400 mg L-1 (in Selva). In Selva, higher yield was produced by higher K concentrations than control (17-33%) and in Camarosa, the maximum yield was produced at 350 mg L-1 (16%), whereas fruit yield in Parus was not affected by K concentrations. In Selva and Parus application of 350 mg L-1 potassium produced more fruits than control. The maximum fruit vitamin C content in Camarosa and Selva was at 350 mg L-1, and in Parus at 450 mg L-1, while the significant lowest in three genotypes was at 600 mg L-1. Fruit titratable acidity and pH in Camarosa and Selva, and fruit TSS in Parus were not affected by K levels. Fruit total soluble solids (TSS) in Camarosa and Selva were maximum in 350 and 450 mg L-1. Increasing K concentrations of nutrient solution increased leaf and fruit K concentration than control. The results indicate that overall plant growth and fruit quality of three strawberry genotypes were increased by 350 mg L-1 potassium, while application of 600 mg L-1 reduced most traits than control. The Selva genotype had also a better response to higher concentration of K than two other genotypes.
Service Life Prediction Method for Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Bridges under Chloride-Aggressive Environments
Authors: Huang Ying , Wei Jun , Dong Rongzhen
Published: October 2018

The behavior of concrete and prestressed concrete bridges under chloride-aggressive environments during their service life is influenced not only by load (especially fatigue forces) but also by the corrosion environment. At present, the research of working performance and life prediction of bridges mainly focuses on the role of force or takes a single parameter as failure criterion, such as chloride ion concentration and steel bar depassivation. In this article, the service life prediction model of concrete and prestressed concrete bridges subjected to chloride-aggressive environments and fatigue is established, and the interaction of environmental effects and fatigue is taken into full account based on the mechanism of heat and mass transfer in porous media, the metal corrosion theory, and the classical mechanics theory. Taking depassivation as a demarcation point, the calculation method for the service life of concrete and prestressed concrete bridges is developed by analyzing the service life evolution process and determining the failure criterion. The service life of concrete bridges in coastal areas is calculated by the self-compiled program with MATLAB software (MathWorks, Natick, MA), and the results show good agreement with those in the project example. According to the results of the service life calculation with different increments of the number of fatigue loading cycles, ΔN, the increment of the number of fatigue loading cycles ΔN has an influence of no more than 5 % on the service life. This indicates that the calculation is converged and stable and that the calculation results are reliable. The service life of bridges is shortened with the increase of surface chloride concentration of concrete, daily vehicle traffic volume and load level, and the decrease of the concrete cover thickness. The study results are referred to predict the service life of concrete and prestressed concrete bridges under chloride-aggressive environments.
Gaps in Well-Child Care Attendance Among Primary Care Clinics Serving Low-Income Families
Authors: Wolf Elizabeth R. , Hochheimer Camille J. , Sabo Roy T. , DeVoe Jennifer , Wasserman Richard , Geissal Erik , Opel Douglas J. , Warren Nate , Puro Jon , O’Neil Jennifer , Pecsok James , Krist Alex H.
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

It is unclear which specific well-child visits (WCVs) are most frequently missed and whether age-specific patterns of attendance differ by race or insurance type.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children 0 to 6 years old between 2011 and 2016 within 2 health networks spanning 20 states. WCVs were identified by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and 10th Revisions and Current Procedural Terminology codes. We calculated adherence to the 13 American Academy of Pediatrics–recommended WCVs from birth to age 6 years. To address data completeness, we made 2 adherence calculations after a child’s last recorded WCV: 1 in which we assumed all subsequent WCVs were attended outside the network and 1 in which we assumed none were.

RESULTS:

We included 152 418 children in our analysis. Most children were either publicly insured (77%) or uninsured (14%). The 2-, 4-, and 6-month visits were the most frequently attended (63% [assuming no outside care after the last recorded WCV] to 90% [assuming outside care]), whereas the 15- and 18-months visits (41%–75%) and 4-year visit (19%–49%) were the least frequently attended. Patients who were publicly insured and uninsured (versus privately insured) had higher odds of missing WCVs. Hispanic and Asian American (versus non-Hispanic white) patients had higher odds of attending WCVs.

DISCUSSION

The 15- and 18-month WCVs as well as the 4-year WCV are the least frequently attended WCVs. The former represent opportunities to identify developmental delays, and the latter represents an opportunity to assess school readiness.
INJECTABLE NANOCURCUMIN–FORMULATED CHITOSAN-G-PLURONIC HYDROGEL EXHIBITING A GREAT POTENTIAL FOR BURN TREATMENT
Authors: Tuan Dinh Van
Published: October 2018

Burns is one of the popular accidents today and usually leaves serious physical and mental damage. For long time represent acute wounds, burns are evolution into chronic wounds, if inadequately managed. Up to now, there have been abundancy of natural and synthetic products for burn healing. In the study, we fabricated a thermosensitive nanocomposite hydrogel in which incorporated dual active curcumin and chitosan. Beside of a well-known characteristic of chitosan for wound healing, curcumin has been a lot of interest in burn wound healing application due to ability in depleting the action of oxidative radicals and stimulation of fibroblast cells. In order to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin, we introduced the new method to synthesize nanocurcumin in the a thermosensitive chitosan-g-Pluronic F127 copolymer solution under ultrasonication. The rheology of aqueous solutions of this material is studied as a function of temperature. The solutions of this material undergo a transition to a gel at higher temperature, above which a complex rheological behavior is observed. In addition, a minimum inhibitory concentration of this material was determined for a variety of bacterial and was compared to that of curcumin. It was found that the aqueous dispersion of this material was much more effective than curcumin against both positive and negative gram bacterial. In the third degree burn models, the nCur-CP hydrogel performed a higher burn healing rate as compared to Silvirin-treated burn. These data suggest that the nanocomposite hydrogel may be great potential for burn treatment.
PROGRAM MOTION OF UNLOADING MANIPULATORS
Authors: Binh Vu Duc
Published: October 2018

In the paper, the program motion of an unloading manipulator which is treated as a first integral of the considered system, is investigated. Currently, the popular way to solve such problem is the method of Lagrange multipliers. In the paper, the authors use another approach, the Priciple of Compatibility, in which the required program is treated as one of motion equations of the system. In the particular case, the program is considered as one of first integrals of the system. For illustrating the proposed method, the motion of an unloading manipulator of three degrees of freedom is considered.
Combined effects of garlic essential oil and allyl isothiocyanate against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in vitro and in pork sausage
Authors: Bortolotto Fernanda Cristina Kandalski , Ceccoti Stephane Pini Costa , Orso Paloma Bianca , Wolupeck Hanna Lethycia , Holley Richard Alan , Luciano Fernando Bittencourt , Macedo Renata Ernlund Freitas de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a toxigenic serotype of E. coli and has been associated with foodborne outbreaks involving meat products, vegetables and fresh produces worldwide. Salts for curing are usually employed as antimicrobials in the production of pork sausages. However, salts do not have a significant inhibitory effect on enterobacteria. Due to the growing demand for natural foods, the use of essential oils has been proposed as natural antimicrobials in food. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of garlic essential oil (GO) and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against E. coli O157:H7 in vitro and in pork sausage. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of these oils, alone and in combination, against E. coli O157:H7 were determined. Pork sausage was inoculated with 8log CFU/g E. coli O157:H7 and different combinations of GO and AITC. A control group was performed without essential oils. Sausages were packaged and stored at 6°C for 20 days. E. coli O157:H7 population and instrumental color (L*, a*, b*, C* and hue) determinations were performed at 5-day intervals. AITC showed lower MIC and MBC than GO. When combined, AITC and GO showed a synergistic effect. Treatments T3 and T4 showed 1,01log CFU and 1,87log CFU reduction of E. coli O157:H7 compared to control. The redness and the chroma of sausages treated with AITC and GO increased during storage. Together, GO and AITC caused minor changes in taste and flavor of sausages, and were able to reduce the population of E. coli O157:H7 and to maintain the red color of sausage during storage.
Challenges and potentialities of nursing work in street medical offices
Authors: Cardoso Aline Costa , Santos Débora de Souza , Mishima Silvana Martins , Anjos Danielly Santos Cardoso dos , Jorge Jorgina Sales , Santana Hiule Perreira de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze elements of the nursing work process in the Street Medical Offices, highlighting the challenges and potentialities of care for homeless people. Method: this is an exploratory research of qualitative nature supported by the perspective of the health work process. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with nurses from the teams of the street medical offices at the city of Maceió and data were analyzed according to the content analysis technique, approaching issues related to the object, instruments and purposes of the nursing work process. Results: the identified themes were: Need for health care in the context of social and health vulnerability; Strategic planning and teamwork as tools for organizing the work process; Purposes and products of work: guaranteeing the right to access and care. . Before a work object designed by serious health needs resulting from the social vulnerability of this population, nurses use different instruments in their work process: strategic planning, acting in multiprofessional team and valorization of the light technologies of reception and bonding. Conclusion: apart from the difficulties, the study presents a successful experience that explores the potentiality of sharing relationships of humanized care.
Caring ability of family caregivers of patients on cancer treatment: associated factors
Authors: Coppetti Larissa de Carli , Girardon-Perlini Nara Marilene Oliveira , Andolhe Rafaela , Gutiérrez Maria Gaby Rivero de , Dapper Steffani Nikoli , Siqueira Fernanda Duarte
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between the caring ability of family caregivers of patients on cancer treatment with the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics of the caregivers and of the care provided. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 132 family caregivers of patients on cancer treatment whose data were collected through the Brazilian version of the Caring Ability Inventory and questionnaires characterizing patients, caregivers and the care provided. Student’s t, Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used at the significance level ≤5%. Results: Patients’ age was significantly associated with overall caring ability (p = 0.002) and the caregiver’s dimensions courage (p = 0.006) and patience (p = 0.009). Caregivers’ education was associated with overall caring ability (p = 0.028) and the dimensions courage (p = 0.008) and patience (p = 0.045). Marital status was associated with the overall caring ability (p = 0.020); and the patience dimension (p = 0.045) and the time providing care with the patience dimension (p = 0.027). Conclusion: Caregivers of elderly patients who have higher schooling and do not have a partner demonstrate greater caring ability.
“Avisem-me se eu começar a me tornar eu mesma demais”: Lispector nos anos de chumbo
Authors: Rosito Valeria
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Estas considerações integram trabalho mais amplo sobre a experiência das configurações identitárias de gênero nos anos de chumbo no Brasil. As crônicas semanais de Clarice Lispector, publicadas no Jornal do Brasil, de meados dos anos 1960 até início dos anos 1970, lançam luz sobre os processos de formação de subjetividades contra o quadro repressivo por parte do Estado totalitário de então. Sua pena atravessa os tênues limites entre o ficcional e o não ficcional, sempre no risco da emergência do estranho (Sigmund FREUD, 1976), elemento básico à dinâmica de gênero no jogo literário.
Um olhar sobre a fotografia feminista brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Soares Maria Thereza Gomes de Figueiredo , Feitosa Márcia Manir Miguel , Ferreira Junior José
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Aborda-se neste artigo a relação dialógica de obras de fotógrafas brasileiras contemporâneas com o feminismo. Para tanto, faz-se necessário traçar um breve percurso da inserção das mulheres nas artes visuais no Brasil e no mundo, juntamente com a compreensão de produções de gênero no âmbito de trabalho das mulheres artistas, inclusive o trabalho produzido pela fotografia brasileira. O recorte que se propõe como estudo é a análise do corpo como instrumento de discurso, com ênfase no autorretrato por meio da série de imagens Silêncio(s) do Feminino, com vistas ao estreitamento de relações entre a fotografia feminina e o feminismo.
Gênero, trabalho e cidadania: função igual, tratamento salarial desigual
Authors: Lima Camila Rodrigues Neves de Almeida
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Este estudo aborda a questão da (des)igualdade de gênero no trabalho, mais especificamente acerca da disparidade salarial entre homens e mulheres, à luz da igualdade e da premissa internacionalmente concertadas de trabalho igual, salário igual, objetivando problematizar como se apresenta contemporaneamente a demanda por paridade salarial como direito e como exercício de cidadania. Nesse compasso, ao analisar o ordenamento que veda discriminar (in)diretamente a mulher quando esta executa igual função ocupada por um homem e sublinhar a existência de uma aguda desigualdade sociolaboral, pretende-se refletir também sobre a persistência de uma ainda insuficiente compensação jurídica, proporcionada pela discriminação positiva. Constata-se que, apesar dos avanços verificados com uma maior inserção da mulher no mercado de trabalho, as determinações socioeconômicas, políticas e culturais que incidem sobre as relações de gênero dificultam a aplicabilidade dos instrumentos jurídicos disponíveis, entrelaçando essa questão com outras desigualdades próprias do modelo societário capitalista; porquanto permanece a igualdade salarial como uma demanda urgente e desafiadora da cidadania política, sobretudo em tempos de desmonte dos direitos sociais.
Calipso e a intransigência do gênero
Authors: Mwewa Christian Muleka , Cechinel André , Vaz Alexandre Fernandez
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O presente texto propõe-se a investigar a operação dialética que Calipso elabora (Canto 5 da Odisseia - Regresso) ao ser obrigada pelos Deuses (Zeus), contra a sua vontade, a deixar Odisseu seguir o seu regresso à Ítaca. A análise é feita à luz dos estudos de gênero e feministas. O canto em questão pode figurar como um dos principais registros ocidentais das relações de gênero, destacando-se entre as demais passagens da Odisseia como um todo. Em poucas palavras, o canto cinco indica a superação dialética da condição não hegemônica das mulheres a partir da intransigência do gênero.
Mais razão e menos emoção: o discurso de autoajuda para mulheres
Authors: Brunelli Anna Flora
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Neste trabalho, adotando um ponto de vista interdisciplinar, no qual nos servimos da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa e da Psicologia Social, analisamos o ethos de uma obra de autoajuda sobre relacionamentos dirigida a mulheres. A análise revela que, ancorado no estereótipo tradicional de mulher, o discurso de autoajuda adota um tom melodramático e especialmente um tom didático, propondo às mulheres que sejam mais racionais e menos emocionais, colaborando, de um modo não evidente, para a manutenção do sistema de desigualdades entre os gêneros.
Quantitative and qualitative loss of tomato fruits during mechanized harvest
Authors: Machado Túlio de A. , Fernandes Haroldo C. , Megguer Clarice A. , Santos Nerilson T. , Santos Fabio L.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The use of mechanization in the harvesting of industrial tomatoes provides greater yield and speed of this stage. However, mechanical intervention in this process may alter the physiology of harvested fruits. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure the quantitative losses of tomato fruits and to verify the physico-chemical behavior of fruits harvested based on physicochemical analysis in harvesters with different hours of use. Three self-propelled harvesters of the same brand and model with different working hours were used. Manually selected or undamaged fruits were harvested; afterwards, mechanized harvesting was carried out. Firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content (°Brix), pH, weight loss and fruit status classification proposed by the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Food Supply of 2002 were evaluated. Quantitative losses were divided into: losses on vines, losses on soil and total losses. It was found that the number of hours worked by the harvester did not affect the quantitative losses. The amount of overall damage in a certain amount of fruit is greater when the harvester has a greater number of hours worked. Mechanized harvesting affected the physical attributes of the fruits, such as firmness and percentage of weight loss.
Flowing into the unknown: inferred paleodrainages for studying the ichthyofauna of Brazilian coastal rivers
Authors: Thomaz Andréa T. , Knowles L. Lacey
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The eastern coastal basins of Brazil are a series of small and isolated rivers that drain directly into the Atlantic Ocean. During the Pleistocene, sea-level retreat caused by glaciations exposed the continental shelf, resulting in enlarged paleodrainages that connected rivers that are isolated today. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), we infer the distribution of these paleodrainages, and their properties for the east Brazilian coast. Specifically, using elevation/bathymetric data for the largest sea-level retreats during the Pleistocene, the paleodrainages, their area and the number of contemporary basins connected by each palaeodrainage, was inferred. For the 145 inferred paleodrainages, total paleodrainage area is strongly correlated with the contemporary area encompassed by each paleodrainage, as well as with the number of contemporary basins encompassed by a paleodrainage. Differences in the continental shelf exposure along the coast affected the degree of past connectivity among contemporary rivers. With our results freely available, we discuss how paleodrainages have tremendous utility in biological studies, especially in regions with limited geologic data. With respect to the diverse ichthyofauna of the Brazilian coast, and its high endemism, we highlight how the inferred paleodrainages provide a backdrop to test hypotheses about the effect of past riverine connectivity on diversity patterns.
A history of the biogeography of Amazonian fishes
Authors: Dagosta Fernando C. P. , Pinna Mário C. C. de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The history of knowledge about Amazonian biogeography is as rich as its fish community, and a fascinating theme of study in itself. Several current paradigms and controversies about Amazonian fish biogeography are rooted in principles dating from the second half of the 18th to the first half of the 19th centuries. The present work establishes a relationship between current biogeographical ideas and their old predecessors, on the basis of a chronologically-oriented historical continuity analysis. The advent of evolutionary theory has not contributed significantly to a transformation of the knowledge on the biogeography of Amazonian fishes. On the other hand, the two main schools of biogeographical thought (dispersalist and vicariant) had major implications on how Amazonian fish distribution is interpreted. The process was gradual and many hypotheses have combined elements from each of the two schools. Chronologically, practically the entire tradition of Amazonian biogeography takes place within the evolutionary paradigm, although its founder Louis Agassiz was himself an anti-evolutionist. The birth of Amazonian biogeography is Agassiz´s travel in Amazon. That document makes it clear that the author did not consider dispersal as a valid explanation for the biogeographical patterns he found. Later, Carl Eigenmann helps to spread the dispersalist tradition as a model for biogeographical explanations in fish distributions, a phase which lasted until the late 20th century. A major shift occurs with the contributions of Marylin Weitzman, Stanley Weitzman and Richard Vari, who associated the temporal framework of phylogenetic hypotheses with distribution patterns, underscoring the predictive power of vicariant biogeography. The present-day paradigm begins with the work of John Lundberg and attempts to incorporate geomorphological and phylogenetic information into integrative biogeographical hypotheses. Some emblematic problems have delayed proposition of general hypotheses on the phylogenetic biogeography of South American fishes, such as the poor state of knowledge of their species-level systematics; an incomplete distributional record for most species and sparse or non-existent data on the phylogenetic history of most supraspecific taxa. Such drawbacks are now being corrected at a fast pace. Recent advances on geographical distribution and an increasing number of phylogenetic hypotheses will allow unprecedented large-scale biogeographic analyses, including those based on event models and Bayesian inference. Thus, the biogeography of South American fishes, especially Amazonian ones, should soon experiment a new age of progress. The success of that new phase will depend on its ability to recognize and segregate multiple overlapping temporal layers of hydrological changes, and to develop analytical tools that can deal with temporal mixing.
A review of the systematic biology of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei)
Authors: Hilton Eric J. , Lavoué Sébastien
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha, have been the focus of a great deal of morphological, systematic, and evolutionary study, due in part to their basal position among extant teleostean fishes. This group includes the mooneyes (Hiodontidae), knifefishes (Notopteridae), the abu (Gymnarchidae), elephantfishes (Mormyridae), arawanas and pirarucu (Osteoglossidae), and the African butterfly fish (Pantodontidae). This morphologically heterogeneous group also has a long and diverse fossil record, including taxa from all continents and both freshwater and marine deposits. The phylogenetic relationships among most extant osteoglossomorph families are widely agreed upon. However, there is still much to discover about the systematic biology of these fishes, particularly with regard to the phylogenetic affinities of several fossil taxa, within Mormyridae, and the position of Pantodon. In this paper we review the state of knowledge for osteoglossomorph fishes. We first provide an overview of the diversity of Osteoglossomorpha, and then discuss studies of the phylogeny of Osteoglossomorpha from both morphological and molecular perspectives, as well as biogeographic analyses of the group. Finally, we offer our perspectives on future needs for research on the systematic biology of Osteoglossomorpha.
O fazer científico nos estudos literários: das práticas letradas acadêmicas às características epistemológicas
Authors: Leite Evandro Gonçalves , Pereira Regina Celi Mendes , Barbosa Maria do Socorro Maia Fernandes
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este artigo pretende estudar a configuração de práticas letradas acadêmicas na área dos estudos literários. Para tanto, selecionamos oito artigos científicos da área, publicados em periódicos de diferentes estratos de classificação do Qualis Periódicos 2013-2016 de Linguística e Literatura, e aplicamos um questionário a sete estudantes e profissionais que atuam no campo dos estudos literários. Os dados são analisados com base nos aportes dos novos estudos de letramento, mais especificamente a abordagem dos letramentos acadêmicos, e do interacionismo sociodiscursivo. As análises apontam que as práticas letradas acadêmicas da área se caracterizam por uma postura interpretativista, interdisciplinaridade e primado do texto literário, o que demonstra o caráter situado de concepções epistemológicas e da arquitetura do gênero artigo científico.
Verbo-visualidade e seus efeitos na interpretação em Libras no teatro
Authors: Fomin Carolina
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Neste artigo, observamos a atividade de interpretação simultânea do português para a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) na esfera teatral, a partir do diálogo entre os estudos da interpretação, os estudos da teatralidade e formulações teóricas de Bakhtin e o Círculo. O objetivo foi investigar as relações verbo-visuais do discurso e seus efeitos de sentido para interpretação em Libras, a partir de um estudo qualitativo analítico-descritivo em dois espetáculos teatrais que contaram com a atuação de Tradutores Intérpretes de Língua de Sinais (TILS) para garantir a acessibilidade comunicacional para pessoas surdas. Investigamos os elementos que exerceram influência na enunciação dos TILS no momento da interpretação em língua de sinais. Os textos que circulam na esfera teatral foram considerados uma totalidade verbo-visual, criando um todo indissolúvel que interfere diretamente em suas formas de produção, circulação e recepção.
Intervenção fonoaudiológica por meio da teleducação sobre a muda vocal e hábitos vocais
Authors: Oliveira Lilian Fabiano de , Corrêa Camila de Castro , Vieira Millena Maria Ramalho Matta , Blasca Wanderléia Quinhoneiro , Brasolotto Alcione Ghedini
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Desenvolver e analisar os efeitos da aplicação de um programa de capacitação sobre muda vocal e hábitos vocais saudáveis, utilizando o modelo de ensino em saúde do Projeto Jovem Doutor. Métodos Completaram o programa 11 alunos, matriculados entre o 7º e o 8º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública, divididos em dois grupos: grupo Jovens Doutores, composto por quatro alunos, que foram capacitados por meio de atividades presenciais e virtuais, e grupo Alunos, composto por sete alunos, que receberam o conhecimento transmitido pelos Jovens Doutores. Foi desenvolvido um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, em formato de weblog, para a capacitação dos Jovens Doutores. Todos os participantes responderam a um questionário antes e após a capacitação. Resultados Os Jovens Doutores foram multiplicadores dos conhecimentos adquiridos no curso de capacitação para outros alunos da escola. Houve aumento no nível de conhecimento entre os períodos pré-capacitação e pós-capacitação, para todos os participantes, tanto do grupo Jovens Doutores, como do grupo Alunos. Conclusão O programa foi desenvolvido e contribuiu com a maior interação entre a universidade e a comunidade. Houve aumento do conhecimento adquirido pelos estudantes, por meio da capacitação, sobre a importância de conhecerem as mudanças que ocorrem na voz, no período da adolescência, e sobre os hábitos vocais saudáveis. A transmissão desses conhecimentos representa um potencial para a prevenção de disfonias e redução das dificuldades decorrentes dessas mudanças.
Tempo de trânsito oral na demência de Alzheimer
Authors: Dias Mirlaine da Conceição , Vicente Laélia Cristina Caseiro , Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima , Ribeiro Eliene Giovanna , Motta Andréa Rodrigues
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o tempo de trânsito oral de alimento na consistência pudim, nos diferentes estágios da demência de Alzheimer. Métodos Estudo de caráter descritivo e observacional do tipo transversal, com uma amostra de 34 idosos com idade entre 65 e 98 anos, com demência de Alzheimer em diferentes estágios. Os participantes foram observados por avaliação de videofluoroscopia da deglutição, enquanto ingeriam alimento na consistência pudim, usando o programa de cronometragem Kinovea. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, em nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Os participantes com o Clinical Dementia Rating CDR 3 apresentaram maior tempo de trânsito oral, quando comparados àqueles com CDR 1, média de 3,09s (desvio padrão = 0,91) e 1,17s (desvio padrão = 1,10), respectivamente. Participantes na faixa etária de 90a 100 anos apresentaram maior tempo de trânsito oral do que os mais jovens, entre 60 e 79 anos, média de 3,90s e 1,28s. Conclusão Indivíduos com demência e idade avançadas apresentam tempo de trânsito oral aumentado para alimento na consistência pudim, devendo ser alvo de atenção de familiares e cuidadores.
Análise do conteúdo e aparência do protocolo de acompanhamento fonoaudiológico - aleitamento materno
Authors: Medeiros Andréa Monteiro Correia , Nascimento Hayane Santos , Santos Mirthys Karoline de Oliveira , Barreto Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho , Jesus Elisdete Maria Santos de
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar conteúdo e aparência do Protocolo de Acompanhamento Fonoaudiológico – Aleitamento Materno e elaborar um guia instrucional para o instrumento. Métodos Estudo do tipo exploratório, de natureza quantitativa. Participaram cinco avaliadores especialistas, com ampla experiência em atuação fonoaudiológica relacionada à Neonatologia, que analisaram conteúdo e aparência do protocolo, que abordam aspectos maternos, neonatais e da díade mãe/recém-nascido, além de orientações gerais e específicas da Fonoaudiologia, relacionadas à amamentação, A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, com nível de concordância de 70%. Na segunda rodada, o instrumento foi analisado pelos mesmos especialistas, por meio da escala de Likert, com cinco posições (concordo plenamente, concordo, indiferente, discordo e discordo totalmente). Resultados Foram 15 itens acrescentados, sete modificados, cinco excluídos e um tópico adicionado. Obteve-se alto nível de concordância, sendo as respostas distribuídas em “concordo” e “concordo plenamente” (92% - conteúdo e 100% - aparência). A descrição do guia instrucional foi realizada a partir da versão analisada do protocolo. Conclusão A análise do conteúdo e aparência do protocolo, bem como a elaboração do seu guia instrucional, pretendem possibilitar sua utilização de modo consistente e sistemático no campo fonoaudiológico relacionado ao aleitamento materno, abordando tanto o registro da avaliação, como do acompanhamento da díade mãe/recém-nascido, na situação de amamentação. Ressalta-se a importância de serem realizadas as próximas etapas da validação do protocolo.
Alterações auditivas em recém-nascidos e lactentes com mielomeningocele
Authors: Jesus Natália Oliveira de , Maruta Elaine Colombo Sousa , Azevedo Marisa Frasson de
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a ocorrência de alterações auditivas em recém-nascidos e lactentes com mielomeningocele e/ou Síndrome de Arnold Chiari tipo II. Métodos Foram incluídos na amostra 160 neonatos atendidos em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal, distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo Estudo 1, formado por 42 neonatos com Síndrome de Arnold Chiari tipo II; Grupo Estudo 2, constituído por 38 neonatos com mielomeningocele e Grupo Controle, com 80 recém-nascidos sem síndromes, malformações e/ou riscos para alteração auditiva. Todos os pacientes realizaram a triagem auditiva neonatal com emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e foram submetidos à pesquisa do potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico com estímulo clique. Quando houve falha nas emissões, a pesquisa dos limiares eletrofisiológicos foi realizada mediante potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico com tone burst . A análise estatística foi feita por meio de testes paramétricos e os dados encontrados foram descritos nos resultados, considerando o nível de significância p<0,05. Resultados Houve maior ocorrência de perda coclear, alteração central e neuropatia auditiva nos grupos estudados. No que se refere aos valores médios das latências absolutas e dos intervalos interpicos, nos três grupos, por orelha, houve aumento das latências absolutas das ondas III e V e dos intervalos interpicos III-V e I-V , no grupo de lactentes com Síndrome de Arnold Chiari tipo II. Conclusão Recém-nascidos e lactentes com Síndrome de Arnold Chiari tipo II e mielomeningocele apresentaram maior ocorrência de perda coclear, espectro da neuropatia auditiva e alterações centrais.
Economic Threshold of Volunteer Corn GR® in Soybean as a Function of Emergence Time and Origin of Corn
Authors: PIASECKI C. , RIZZARDI M.A.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Volunteer corn is extremely competitive with soybean and the degree of interference varies with the corn density, time of emergence and origin. The objectives of this work were to determine the economic threshold (ET) of volunteer corn GR® F2 in soybean as a function of the time of emergence (same day and nine days after soybean) and origin (individual plants or clumps). Each clump was manually adjusted to have seven corn plants. Four field experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design with four replicates in Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil. The soybean yield losses (%) were calculated and adjusted to the model of the rectangular hyperbola and generated the parameters for the determination of the ET, that was calculated based on the volunteer corn control costs (US$ ha-1), efficiency of control (%), price paid for soybean (US$ kg-1) and soybean yield (kg ha-1). The ET mean was 0.3 and 0.48 for individual corn plants m-2 emerged together and nine days after soybean, and 0.08 and 0.03 m-2 for individual plants and clumps, respectively. Increases in grain yield and price paid for soybean, greater control efficiency of corn and lower control cost promote reduction in the ET of volunteer corn in soybean. The control of volunteer corn is justified in a density less than 0.5 individual plant m-2 and is close to zero when corn originates from clumps. Volunteer corn is one of the most competitive weed in soybean crops.
Biometric evaluation of morpho-agronomic traits in pepper lines and hybrids
Authors: Andrade Júnior Valter C , Pedrosa Carlos E , Miranda Thalita G , Valadares Nermy R , Pereira Samuel L , Azevedo Alcinei M
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT In this study, we aimed to evaluate pepper lines and hybrids (Capsicum chinense and C. annuum) in order to obtain information on agronomic performance, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, phenotypic correlations and genetic dissimilarity. We evaluated lines PIM-030, BGH-433, BGH-4285, Numex Sweet, Numex Garnet and simple hybrids Numex Sweet x PIM-030, Numex Garnet x PIM-030 and BGH-4285 x BGH-433. The research was conducted with eight treatments and four replications in a greenhouse, at campus JK of UFVJM. Twenty two agronomic traits were evaluated. The hybrid BGH-4285 x BGH-433 presents higher heterosis and heterobeltiosis for total fruit productivity and productivity of total fruit dry mass, information of great value for future breeding studies. The authors noticed that larger plants tend to be more productive and present higher fruit fresh mass and also fruits with thicker pericarp, as well as larger fruits having longer pedicels with denser seeds, important for production of paprika. Lines BGH-433, BGH-4285 and PIM-030 are the most recommended to be used in breeding programs.