bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domination Measure: A New Metric for Solving Multiobjective Optimization
Authors: Hale Joshua Q. , Zhu Helin , Zhou Enlu
Published: January 2020

For general multiobjective optimization problems, the usual goal is finding the set of solutions not dominated by any other solutions, that is, a set of solutions as good as any other solution in all objectives and strictly better in at least one objective. In this paper, we propose a novel performance metric called the domination measure to measure the quality of a solution, which can be intuitively interpreted as the probability that an arbitrary solution in the solution space dominates that solution with respect to a predefined probability measure. We then reformulate the original problem as a stochastic and single-objective optimization problem. We further propose a model-based approach to solve it, which leads to an ideal version algorithm and an implementable version algorithm. We show that the ideal version algorithm converges to a set representation of the global optima of the reformulated problem; we demonstrate the numerical performance of the implementable version algorithm by comparing it with numerous existing multiobjective optimization methods on popular benchmark test functions. The numerical results show that the proposed approach is effective in generating a finite and uniformly spread approximation of the Pareto optimal set of the original multiobjective problem and is competitive with the tested existing methods. The concept of domination measure opens the door for potentially many new algorithms, and our proposed algorithm is an instance that benefits from domination measure.
STRATEGIES OF SCIENCE TEACHERS IN OVERCOMING THE FACTORS THAT CAUSE LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Fauziah Siti Bustani , Mahmudah Fitri Nur
Published: January 2020

During the learning process, there are still many students who have difficulty learning, it can make students do not like science learning and students feel bored with the way the teacher teaches. As a result, grades in science lessons are still low. The teacher has an important role in overcoming the factors that cause learning difficulties. The purpose of this study is 1) to identify the science teacher's strategy in overcoming the factors that cause learning difficulties, 2) to describe the teacher's steps in implementing strategies to overcome the factors causing learning difficulties, 3) to identify the results of applying the strategy in overcoming the factors causes of learning difficulties. His research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The data were collected by interviewing and observing with science teachers and documentation. The collected data were analyzed using the analysis interactive model which includes data collection, data display, and verification. The results showed that 1) the strategies used were cooperative and inquiry 2) the steps implemented by the science teacher through a cooperative strategy consist of 10 steps, whereas for the inquiry strategy consists of 8 steps, 3) The results of the application of cooperative and inquiry strategies are that students become more motivated in learning, have collaboration between groups, understanding related to science subjects increases, do not get bored quickly, are creative, active, science learning outcomes increase, and critical thinking in solving problems.
THE IMPLEMENTATION INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: IMPLICATION FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN TAMANSARI ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rofiah Nurul Hidayati , Sudiraharja Dara , Ediyanto Ediyanto
Published: January 2020

Many children with special needs do not have access to education. The number of children with special needs who have to attend primary school is still very minimal. Most schools only provide regular education, while students are ordinary children who do not need special needs in their education. This study aims to describe the model of implementing inclusive education in Tamansari Elementary Schools and find problems in implementing inclusive education. The research method is qualitative interactive. Data collection use interviews, observation, and documentation methods. Data analysis uses interactive analysis. The results showed that Tamansari Elementary School used a full class model. Identification and assessment are carried out before accepting students with special needs. This is done to gather information before preparing a learning program for students with special needs according to their learning needs. The curriculum is modified to suit the children’s needs. The special teacher comes from a special school near the location. Supporting factors are the acceptance of children with special needs, local government support in the implementation of inclusive education, while obstacle factors in the application of inclusive education are limited special teachers and limited infrastructure.
The use of educational games in midwifery: an overview
Authors: Maclean Gaynor , Laisser Rose
Published: January 2020

This article provides an overview of the development, testing, and use of educational games in midwifery. It considers the educational advantages of this approach and draws on the authors' experience of using games to promote safer childbirth. Games designed for the World Health Organization Safe Motherhood midwifery education modules and also for the Lugina Africa Midwives Research Network are described, and the experiences of project participants of using and researching the effect of these games are discussed. Early evaluation has shown promise for the increasing use of more innovative educational approaches and considerable potential for having a positive effect on midwifery practice and consequently the quality of care.
Beyond patient empowerment: clinician-patient advocacy partnerships in wound healing
Authors: Galazka Anna Milena
Published: January 2020

Background/Aims

Enhanced clinician-patient interactions can offer benefits for patient care through harnessing shared knowledge, which can help to address challenges in healthcare. This study aimed to explore the relationship between wound care clinicians and their patients in order to understand the challenges faced in wound care as well as the innovative strategies that are used to address them.

Methods

A qualitative ethnography of three specialist outpatient wound healing clinics in the UK generated 120 hours of observations of consultations as well as 51 interviews with clinicians, patients and their relatives.

Findings

The study found that wounds were considered a low-profile condition in healthcare and a taboo by society. In response, clinicians harnessed their interaction with patients to support wound healing research and education – forming clinician-patient partnerships for wound healing advocacy.

Conclusions

In addition to encouraging educated participation in self-treatment, advocacy partnerships offered patients a proactive role in increasing the scientific knowledge regarding wound healing.
Find the right words
Authors: Player Sally
Published: January 2020

With proposed changes to the EYFS profile placing greater emphasis on progress in reading, Sally Player looks at how high quality reading experiences can be delivered in Reception classes.
Management of hypoxaemia in the critically ill patient
Authors: Flower Luke , Martin Daniel
Published: January 2020

Hypoxaemia is a common presentation in critically ill patients, with the potential for severe harm if not addressed appropriately. This review provides a framework to guide the management of any hypoxaemic patient, regardless of the clinical setting. Key steps in managing such patients include ascertaining the severity of hypoxaemia, the underlying diagnosis and implementing the most appropriate treatment. Oxygen therapy can be delivered by variable or fixed rate devices, and non-invasive ventilation; if patients deteriorate they may require tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Early critical care team involvement is a key part of this pathway. Specialist treatments for severe hypoxaemia can only be undertaken on an intensive care unit and this field is developing rapidly as trial results become available. It is important that each new scenario is approached in a structured manner with an open diagnostic mind and a clear escalation plan.
The management of cryptoglandular fistula-in-ano
Authors: Sammut Matthew , Skaife Paul
Published: January 2020

Idiopathic cryptoglandular fistula-in-ano is a common pathological condition. Fistula-in-ano has been managed by a number of surgical techniques, and there is still no consensus regarding the management of this condition. Surgical techniques aim to treat and cure the fistula-in-ano with minimal risk of recurrence or complications, and to maintain patient continence.

This article discusses the evidence available to inform the management of idiopathic cryptoglandular fistula-in-ano, and problems that surgeons face because of the lack of high-quality evidence.
Understanding childhood lymphoedema
Authors: Todd Marie
Published: January 2020

Lymphoedema in children can present at any age and can result in major physical and psychological problems, delayed diagnosis, and conflicting and unhelpful information from clinicians and teachers. Parents are often equally distressed by the clinical failures and witnessing their children's distress. Management of lymphoedema focuses on compression, which children and adolescents find to be old fashioned, affects the ability to wear normal clothing and footwear, and encroaches on time with peers. Being different can also lead to being targeted by bullies, being stared at by adults, and undermine their attempts at experiencing normality. Specialist lymphoedema practitioners can provide an accurate diagnosis and adapt treatment to meet the individual needs of young people and can help overcome these difficulties. They are also known to improve levels of support, motivation and treatment outcomes.
Development of Instruments to Assess Students’ Spatial Learning Attitudes (SLA) and Interest in Science, Technology and Geospatial Technology (STEM-GEO)
Authors: Bodzin Alec , Hammond Thomas , Fu Qiong , Farina William
Published: January 2020

Two new instruments were created to assess secondary students’ (ages 14-18) spatial learning attitudes and their interest in science and technology, related careers ideas and perceptions about geospatial technologies. These instruments were designed to evaluate the outcomes of a geospatial learning curriculum project. During a two-year period, we explored the use of these instruments during the prototype testing and pilot testing of a series of socio-environmental science investigations. The instruments were implemented with 664 ninth grade urban students from a population traditionally underrepresented in STEM-related fields. Both classical and Rasch analyses were conducted each year to optimize the instruments. The resulting 24-item Student Interest in Science, Technology and Geospatial Technology (STEM-GEO) measure and 9-item Spatial Learning Attitudes (SLA) measure had high internal consistency reliabilities (Cronbach’s Alpha) as well as acceptable Rasch reliabilities. Content validity and construct validity evidence were also summarized and discussed.
Giant splenic cyst and solid pseudopapillary tumour of the pancreas managed with distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy
Authors: Hajjar R , Plasse M , Vandenbroucke-Menu F , Schwenter F , Sebajang H
Published: January 2020

Solid pseudopapillary tumours of the pancreas and giant splenic cysts are very rare entities, and their coexistence in a young female patient has not been previously reported in the literature. We present the case of a 27-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and two masses on abdominal imaging. A mass located in the right upper quadrant was biopsied, and histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed a solid pseudopapillary tumour of the pancreas. A giant cystic splenic lesion was also noted. The patient underwent a distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy in our referral centre. Margins were negative on histopathological examination. Negative surgical margins were achieved with distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy despite the large size of the pancreatic tumour. The management of solid pseudopapillary tumours of the pancreas is often challenging and the concomitant presence of a giant splenic cyst poses additional challenges to the surgical management of such tumours.
‘Once more, with feeling,’ said the robot: AI, the end of work and the rise of emotional economies
Authors: Patulny Roger , Lazarevic Natasa , Smith Vern
Published: January 2020

This article calls for a new research agenda into ‘emotional economies’, or economies increasingly characterised by the creation, extraction and exploitation of emotional products and labour, enabled by and embedded in rapid advances in technological and digital-media systems. We base this concept and call on a literature review linking technological automation, the future of work and emotions. Our review finds that: (1) many existing studies – whether predicting dystopian end-of-work mass unemployment, or utopian complementarities between humans, machines and digital platforms – are technologically determinist in nature, and do not account for the roles of culture, society, government, business and education in the machine–human–emotion interface; (2) despite this, there is evidence that technology will replace many existing forms of human labour, leaving only technologically irreplaceable emotion-based soft-skill service work (and emotional labour) for humans to perform; (3) there is an outside chance (in some literature) that technology and AIs will replace even emotional labour, though we argue this is unlikely for many years; (4) the increasing centrality of emotional industries, emotional data and emotional labour to work, digital platforms and media-imagery will likely lead to emotions becoming vital commodities, central to the economies of the future. The article concludes with an urgent call for a new research agenda on emotional economies to elaborate on private/public intersections between work, economy and emotions that soberly engage with the future while challenging technologically determinist assumptions that underpin populist depictions of the end of work.
A principal component analysis of customers' perceived risks for online retailing services: Evidence from Kenya
Authors: Mwencha Peter Misiani , Muathe Stephen Makau
Published: January 2020

Various studies have attributed the low amount of goods and services purchased online to the distrust of online shopping by internet users, many of whom perceived it as fraught with risk. However, in spite of its obvious importance, little attention has been paid so far to identify,
analyse and interpret the complex nature of customers' perceived risks regarding online retailing in the context of developing countries such as Kenya. This exploratory study therefore sought to fill this gap in extant research by examining the underlying components or dimensions of customers'
perceived risks associated with online retailing services. The intention was to reduce the dimensionality by summarising the information using a limited number of perceived risk components that can be subsequently employed in future research. Towards this end, survey data was collected from
240 users of six online retailing firms. The study participants completed a questionnaire asking them to rate their risk perceptions with regard to online retailing. Principal component analysis was then performed on the 240 customer responses which were based on 11 Likert-type scale items.
Factors with Eigenvalues greater than 1 and factor loadings greater than 0.50 were retained for further analysis, which resulted in three factors explaining 71.97% of the variance after Varimax rotation. The findings indicated the presence of three underlying components for customers' perceived
risks associated with using online retailing services: privacy/personal risks; performance risks; and financial risks. Overall, these results suggest that customers do not perceive online retailing services uni-dimensionally. Rather, such perceptions are best Cont'd... conceptualised as reflecting
multiple underlying facets. This study makes an important theoretical contribution to marketing and information systems research by providing empirical evidence regarding the typology of perceived risk by demonstrating three dimensions that are associated with online retailing usage from the
perspective of customers.
Evanescent coupling to silicon waveguides using surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Kim Jeong R. , Siahmakoun Azad
Published: January 2020

In this work, we discuss evanescent light coupling to silicon waveguides using surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the Otto configuration. The setup for excitation of SPPs includes a fused-silica prism, a 100 nm silver layer with a 650 nm airgap between them, and a tapered silicon waveguide located across from the silver layer. A

p

-polarized light of 1550 nm wavelength is incident at plasmonic angle of 44° to the interface of the fused silica–airgap to excite the SPP. A 2D Lumerical FDTD Solutions simulation shows a coupling efficiency of 54%. The fabricated device on a silicon-on-insulator substrate shows 10% light transmission for

p

-polarized light.
Wavelength shift with a diode-pumped continuous-wave Yb:CALGO laser
Authors: Du Xiao , Guo Jie , Wang Wei , Sun Di , Gao Yongxi , Liang Xiaoyan
Published: January 2020

The dependence of an emission wavelength on the crystal temperature was first investigated for a diode-pumped continuous-wave

Y
b

3
+

-doped

C
a
G
d
A
l
O

4

(Yb:CALGO) laser. A maximum output power of 11 W was obtained, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 19.8%. The output wavelength varied from 1051.10 nm to 1054.72 nm with increased absorbed pump power. This wavelength shift is attributed to a change in the crystal temperature. This observation is, to our best knowledge, an original conclusion about this phenomenon in a Yb:CALGO laser. We use a temperature-dependent model to explain the emission wavelength shifts that can be generalized to any such quasi-three-level materials.
Role of vergence eye movements in the visual recognition of long time duration
Authors: He Shufang , Dai Caihong , Shigemasu Hiroaki
Published: January 2020

When viewing dichoptic stimuli in long time duration, visual percepts are always the alternation between the left and right eye inputs, while not the combination. This is known as binocular rivalry. An efficient coding theory reported that binocular visual inputs can be combined into binocular summation (S+) and difference (S−) channels in V1 brain area. In this study, we used specially designed stimuli as the previous study, in which monocular inputs caused ambiguous percepts, but S+ and S− channels had unambiguous percepts. We aim to investigate whether the visual percepts alter between S+ and S− channels in long time duration and whether vergence eye movements are involved in the process. To do so, the stimuli were presented in 300-s time duration in a trial, and a binocular eye tracker was used to record eye information. Participants’ real-time behavioral responses about the visual percepts and binocular information were recorded simultaneously. The results show there are perceptual flips between S+ and S− channels in both central and long time viewing conditions. More importantly, in central vision there are vergence eye movements before perceptual flips, suggesting the involvement of high level visual attention; the time of a perceptual flip from S+ is shorter than that of a flip from S−, which might be due to different involvements of visual attention, indicating a bias of feedback connection from higher brain areas for visual attention to S+ channel. Since S+ and S− dominated signals can be carried by different types of binocular neurons, our results provide new insights into high level visual attention and binocular neurons in V1 brain area by using specially designed dichoptic stimuli and eye vergence as measuring tools.
(Im)Mobilities in a postmigrant age: Narratives of forced migration in Jenny Erpenbeck’s Go, Went, Gone and Elfriede Jelinek’s Charges (The Supplicants)
Authors: Zimmermann Sabine
Published: January 2020

Postmigrant conditions do not translate into easy access for migrants who arrive outside of the parameters of orderly migration. While European nations acknowledge the principle of asylum, massive efforts are made to prevent refugees from reaching the territory of the state where they could receive its protection. Even as their physical proximity to Europe increases, their legal proximity typically decreases. The novel Gehen, ging, gegangen (Go, Went, Gone) by German writer Jenny Erpenbeck depicts the experiences of non-privileged migrants whose tales of exile and displacement indicate that most of them will not be recognized as refugees. The play Die Schutzbefohlenen (Charges [The Supplicants]) by Austrian writer Elfriede Jelinek contrasts the treatment of asylum seekers with real-life cases of two ‘VIP foreigners’ who were granted naturalization by the Austrian government. Both texts convey a blunt message: The narratives of those who do (and those who do not) arrive in Europe’s ‘postmigrant societies’ without legal status confirm that the gap between privileged and non-privileged migration is almost impossible to bridge.
Displaying and negotiating identity through the hair bow: A case study of child celebrity JoJo Siwa and her social media fans
Authors: Andreallo Fiona
Published: January 2020

This cultural case study examines the hair bow as a key element of identification and gender performance for child celebrity JoJo Siwa and her fans. Siwa fans are represented as exclusively female and include girls (newborn–12 years old) and their mothers identifying from the geographical locations of United States, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. The methods of this research include social semiotic discourse analysis complemented by archival research. Between 8 July and 11 October 2017 fan and celebrity interactions were observed on the Siwa official Facebook page and collected. To complement and contextualize these observations, news media reports, and observations of Siwas official YouTube channel and Instagram accounts were collected from 2 January to 13 November 2017. The data were examined with two key sets of interdependent questions in mind: How is the hair bow depicted by Siwa and how do the fans depict the bow? How is the relationship between Siwa and her fans depicted on social media through the bow? The findings suggested three key themes of meaning attached to the hair bow: gender, innocence and empowerment. The findings suggest that the hair bow signals femininity, but that this historically is not limited to a female body. The JoJo Bow Facebook fan community limits femininity as exclusively female. For these fans the JoJo Bow signifies an exclusive mother–daughter bond. Social meanings attached to the hair bow (including the JoJo Bow) both enable and constrain ways of being for the wearer.
La obra de la autora argelina Ahlam Mosteghanemi
Authors: Zeddam Hammoumi Sara
Published: January 2020

Para Ahlam Musteganemi, la novela es un recipiente donde cabe toda la belleza de la literatura; cuando la gente no lee la historia, se le filtra a través de la novela, también la poesía y la filosofía, por tanto, ha mantenido un lenguaje poético como modelo literario que embarca todo. La obra de la escritora representa cómo una mujer puede entender la realidad; incluso cuando el protagonista sea romántico y fácil de emocionarse, su corazón está lleno de los problemas de su patria, la libertad y la lucha…además vemos que su obra trata los problemas de la juventud como el paro y la pobreza, mientras que la tristeza y la memoria son los dos pilares de sus novelas, creando así un lenguaje que se acerca a la poesía. La autora en sus libros nos ha sorprendido con significados inesperados para salir de lo típico y así poder salvar la novela argelina de su narración simple, mostrándonos que el artista puede ser creativo para protegerse de los que controlan los acentos, las palabras y las propiedades.
Andrea Coddington A zsidó nő című regényének jellemző jegyei a bináris oppozíció szemszögéből
Authors: Hrbácsek Magdaléna
Published: January 2020

A tanulmányban azt vizsgálom, hogy a kulturális antropológia szimbolikus osztályozási rendszereivel foglalkozó elméletek központi fogalma, a bináris oppozíció miként kel életre a regényben, miként reprezentálódik a mi és ők csoport hagyományvilága, valamint a sztereotipizálás fokozatai hogyan jelennek meg a szövegben, s nem utolsó sorban milyen kohéziós erők mentén maradt és marad fenn a diaszpórában élő zsidó etno-és vallásközösség Európában és a tengeren túl.
Három magyar a Balti-tengernél
Authors: Marcin Grad
Published: January 2020

A második világháború utáni korszakban a magyar írók és újságírók Lengyelország iránti érdeklődésének jó bizonyítéka néhány lengyelországi útirajz vagy riportkönyv: Visztula sellője Somlyó Györgytől (1954), A Kárpátoktól a Balti-tengerig Pethő Tibor tollából (1956), valamint Varsói hajnal. Lengyelországi útiélmények Ruffy Pétertől (1961). A jelen tanulmány célja bemutatni, hogy a fentebb említett három magyar szerző hogyan látja a Balti-tengert és ennek az új szocialista Lengyelország életében betöltött szerepét, milyen hatást gyakoroltak rájuk a lengyel tengerparti városok, elsősorban a gazdag és viharos múltú Gdańsk.
Isolation and Characterization of Stem Cells Derived by Human Dental Pulp from Harvest Based in Rotary and Manual Techniques used in Endodontic Therapy
Authors: Weiss Jairo Barros , Gonçalves Fernanda da Silva , Maranduba Carlos Magno da Costa , De Resende Leandro Marques , Do Carmo Antonio Marcio Resende
Published: January 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on the isolation and characterization of stem cells from pulp tissues obtained through rotary instrumentation techniques compared to the manual technique. Material and Methods: Thirty permanent teeth were included, 15 of which were instrumented with rotational technique (Protaper SX) and other 15 with manual technique. Cells obtained were characterized by flow cytometry and proliferation was evaluated by the MTT assay. The plasticity was evaluated for adipogenic, osteogenic and odontogenic differentiations. Results: Cells isolated from the pulp of permanent teeth, by manual techniques, presented fibroblast morphology and were able to differentiate successfully. All lineages expressed CD29, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD146, CD166 and were negative for CD31, CD34 and CD45. MTT assay showing significantly increased proliferation of hDPSCs in 5 and 7 days of the culture. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that manual instrumentation technique is one of the best candidates to harvest dental pulp tissue as the dental stem cell source due to ability effective expanded with less tissue invasion. The technique of rotational instrumentation proved to be very harmful to the tissues of the dental pulp, and we can’t obtain cells using this technique.Keywords: Root Canal Therapy; Pulpectomy; Anatomy and Histology; Stem Cell.
Shear Bond Strength of Composite Repair System to Bilayered Zirconia Using Different Surface Treatments (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Baiomy Ahmed Atef , Younis Jihan Farouk , Khalil Ahmed Hassanen
Published: January 2020

Objective:  the study is aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment methods on shear bond strength between composite repair system and both of zirconia core and veneering porcelain and analyze the mode of failure between composite repair and ceramic surface. Material and methods: 40 Ceramic discs were fabricated with diameter of 7mm and 3mm thickness and divided according to material into two groups, Zirconia core discs (n = 20) and veneering porcelain discs (n = 20). Specimens were thermocycled and then each group was subdivided according to surface treatment method into 4 equal sub groups (n = 5) ,control subgroup I air abrasion, subgroup II Cojet, subgroup III laser, subgroup IV combination of air abrasion and laser surface treatment. Composite blocks were built up and polymerized on the surface of the specimens and shear bond strength of composite to each specimen was tested using a universal testing machine and mode of failure was evaluated using stereomicroscope. Results: Regardless of ceramic type; there was a statistically significant difference between surface treatments. Cojet recorded the highest mean shear bond strength. Laser showed the highest prevalence of adhesive failure.  Porcelain + Cojet showed the highest prevalence of cohesive failure. Conclusion: Cojet surface treatment provided superior shear bond strength regardless of the ceramic type whether zirconia or porcelain. Porcelain provided superior shear bond strength values in comparison to zirconia regardless of the surface treatment method tested. Porcelain showed higher percentage of cohesive failure that while the mode of failure in zirconia was most commonly adhesive.KEYWORDS Laser; Porcelain repair; Zirconia repair.
Management of tillering in the production of flower stems of heliconia cultivated in pots
Authors: Coelho Jobson Paixão de Amorim , Gervásio Eliezer Santurbano , Sá Teógene Souza de , Cavalcante Márkilla Zunete Beckmann , Souza Sabrina Gomes de
Published: January 2020

Potted cultivation of tropical flowers presents good projections for the northeastern region of Brazil; however, it still faces some peculiarities regarding conduction and management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tillering on the production of Heliconia psittacorum L.f. cv. Red Opal, grown in flowerpot. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment at the Campus of Agricultural Sciences (CCA) of UNIVASF, Petrolina - PE, Brazil, between 2014 and 2016. A completely randomized design was used, with four tiller densities per pot (4, 8, 12 and 16 tillers) and eight replications, totaling 32 plots. The irrigation system was automated and monitored by weighing lysimetry. Were evaluated: efficiency of water use (EUA); harvested flower stems (HC); ratio of harvested stems and number of tillers (HC / NP); number of leaves (NF); duration of vegetative (DFV) and productive phases (DFP); total cycle (CT); floral stem length (CHF); floral stem diameter (DH), bracts length (CB) and equivalent diameter of the collar (DECH). The results were subjected to regression test. The EUA was higher in the density of 16 tillers pot-1; the HC variable presented an increasing linear trend; a decreasing linear trend was detected for HC/NP, NF, DFP, DH, CB and DECH. The number of tillers in the pot does not limit the emission of floral stems. However, the quality of these is inversely proportional to the tiller density.
Fertilization with monoammonium phosphate in the production of Formosa ‘Tainung-01’ papaya in the potiguar semiarid
Authors: Tosta Mauro Da Silva , Almeida João Paulo Nobre de , Leite Grazianny Andrade , Fonseca Neto Joacy , Mendonça Vander , Freitas Poliana Samara Castro
Published: January 2020

The achievement of good productivity and quality of fruits is directly associated with a balanced fertilization, in which phosphate fertilizers have an important role in the agricultural production system. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of doses of monoammonium phosphate in ground fertilization and associated with the topdressing in the production of the Formosa “Tainung-01” papaya. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks, in an split plots outline, having as main factor four fertilizer doses in ground fertilization (0; 80; 160, and 250 kg ha-1 of monoammonium phosphate [MAP]) and, as a sub-portion, two fertilizers in topdressing (20 kg ha-1 of Cosmofert® + 45 kg ha-1 of MAP” and “90 kg ha-1 of MAP). The harvesting began in the eighth month and extended until the 12th month after transplanting of the seedlings. All fruits of five plants per experimental unit were collected and classified. The number of fruits, the production per plant, the yield, and the percentage of marketable fruits were evaluated. The ground fertilization with the monoammonium phosphate did not influence the production of Formosa 'Tainung-01' papaya fruits exclusively destined to the domestic market. When the production is destined to the external market, a dosage of 74.0 kg ha-1 of monoammonium phosphate can be used in ground fertilization.
Response of essential-oil yield of aromatic and medicinal plants to different harvesting strategies
Authors: Zuazo Victor Hugo Durán , García-Tejero Iván Francisco , Gálvez Ruiz Baltasar , Cermeño Sacristán Pedro , Cuadros Tavira Simón
Published: January 2020

The demand for aromatic and medicinal plants (AMPs) is growing worldwide, and most of them are from the wild collection. Today there is a consensus that for industrial purposes the AMPs must be cultivated. Many studies have shown the importance of the collection strategy used to guarantee the plant regeneration, and soil protection against erosion process in mountainous areas in the Mediterranean region. In this work, during three-year monitoring period we compared in four AMPs two harvest strategies by cutting biomass in 25% (BHI25) and 50% (BHI50) of oregano (Origanum bastetanum L.), lavender (Lavandula lanata L.); sage (Salvia lavandulifolia V.); and santolina (Santolina rosmarinifolia L.) in order to assess their effect on essential-oil content, and to be consistent with both plant and soil conservation in Mediterranean steeply sloping areas. The experimental plots were located in Lanjarón (Granada, SE Spain), on a 20% slope. According to the findings the strategy BHI50 of fresh herb of oregano, lavender, sage, and santolina produced essential-oil yield of 13.2 ± 1.74, 17.3 ± 1.69, 9.7 ± 5.21, and 10.8 ± 2.00 L·ha-1, respectively. Since significant differences were found between BHI25 and BHI50 strategies for harvest and distillation of aromatic plants, we recommend a rational harvest, leaving the 50% of the plant biomass in the field to avoid the soil degradation. In addition, with this rational harvest strategy encourages the sustainable AMP cultivation without significant alterations for essential-oil yields, and at the same time guaranteeing the regrowth, and conservation of them in its habitat. Therefore, encouragement local decision-making measures regarding environmental compatibility, social acceptability and economic viability in land use and management will be crucial. Otherwise, the inappropriate harvest of aromatic shrubs in mountain areas compromises land conservation.
Organic cultivation of yellow passion fruit using tall seedlings with long root systems
Authors: Silva Nilciléia Mendes , Araújo Neto Sebastião Elviro , Souza Luís Gustavo De Souza , Uchôa Thays Lemos , Ferreira Regina Lúcia Félix
Published: January 2020

Studies related to adaptation to the environment and different conditions of water availability contribute to decision-making regarding the management of any crop to be implanted. Accordingly, this work aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of organic yellow passion fruit cultivated in a long root system in dryland conditions. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications with four plants each. The treatments consisted of the alteration of the length of the root system, namely: T1 = 25 cm; T2 = 50 cm; T3 = 75 cm; T4 = 100 cm; and T5 = 125 cm. At 120 days after emergence (DAE), the seedlings were transplanted to the field and the following variables were evaluated: plant height (cm) and base diameter (mm) at 120 DAE; total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), Ratio (TSS/TTA); and fruit yield. The cultivation of tall seedlings with a long root system provides the maintenance of production during the dry season. The TTA, TSS, and the ratio do not change when modifying the length of the root system, although they do change with the harvest season. The cultivation of passion fruit in an organic system using plants with a long root system with an estimated length of 114 cm provides a higher fruit yield (7,472 kg ha-1) in 22 months of cultivation.
Growth and nutrient accumulation in three peach rootstocks until the grafting stage
Authors: Menegatti Renata Diane , Souza Aline Das Graças , Bianchi Valmor João
Published: January 2020

Analysing growth and nutrient accumulation is generally employed for guiding the fertilisation practices in the seedling-production chain. In the production of peach rootstock, such evaluations can provide information to aid can to aid in discrimination available genotypes, especially regarding the efficient use and conversion of fertiliser into dry matter, which can reduce the time required to obtain plants suitable for grafting. The aim of this study, was to investigate the differences in growth and nutrient accumulation in three peach-rootstock cultivars. A completely randomised experimental design was used, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, including three peach rootstocks ('Flordaguard', 'Capdeboscq' and 'Okinawa Roxo') and four periods of growth evaluation (20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplanting - DAT), giving a total of 12 treatments, with four replications, one for each plant. The Flordaguard and Capdeboscq cultivars showed greater height and stem diameter as well as a greater accumulation of total dry matter at 80 DAT, and both followed the distribution: leaves (67%) > roots (33%), while total dry-matter production in 'Okinawa Roxo' was less, following the order: leaves (71%) > roots (29%). The rootstock under evaluation showed variations in growth, confirmed by the physiological indices, except for the leaf area and specific leaf area. In general, macronutrient accumulation in the shoots and roots of the cultivars during each growth period was different, suggesting intrinsic differences in each of the genetic materials regarding nutrient demand for maintaining the metabolic processes which are vital to plant growth.
Factores de riesgo y barreras de implementación de la lactancia materna: revisión de literatura
Authors: Tirano Bernate Daiana Catherine , Pinzón Espitia Olga Lucia , González Rodríguez Javier Leonardo
Published: January 2020

La lactancia materna asegura la adecuada nutrición durante las primeras etapas del desarrollo infantil dadas sus múltiples e insuperables propiedades, por esto es causal de gran impacto para la salud pública mundial; pese a este reconocimiento, se presentan dificultades que obstaculizan su curso normal e incluso producen su abandono. A fin de establecer estrategias que puedan potenciar índices de lactancia materna tales como su duración y exclusividad, es imperativo identificar los retos que los grupos de apoyo a lactancia deben asumir al momento de intervenir en la promoción y manejo de los problemas más frecuentes descritos en la literatura. Tras una revisión exhaustiva de 55 estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años, se identificaron estrategias de prevención y control de los principales problemas asociados con la lactancia materna, además se describió el impacto de esta en la disminución de la tasa de morbimortalidad mundial a corto mediano y largo plazo, entonces a razón de la protección promoción y apoyo de la lactancia materna se describen 3 políticas públicas principales denominadas: alimentación del lactante y el niño pequeño, hospitales amigos del niño y ley de comercialización de sucedáneos de la leche materna. Es así como los resultados obtenidos ponen en manifiesto la importancia de llevar a cabo intervenciones de promoción mediante transferencia adecuada de información y abordaje de los problemas habituales durante la lactancia a través de grupos de apoyo con el fin de mejorar las prácticas y así prevenir y solucionar posibles problemas potenciales presentes durante esta etapa.
Penerapan Metode Bercerita untuk Meningkatkan Konsentrasi Belajar Anak Kelompok B3 TK IT Salsabila Al-Muthi’in Banguntapan, Bantul
Authors: Pitaloka Gyasya
Published: January 2020

A learning disability can came upon a child. A learning disability can affect many aspects of life, one of them is in school. one of learning disability children is not concentrate while learning held. Every child has their own level of focus and concentration. The same thing happened to children in a group B3 at TK IT Salsabila Al-Muthi’in in less of concentration when the learning goes on. The purposes of this research are: (1) to find out  the extent to which unsolved of concentration of children learning, (2) figure out how to the application of a method of confided in increase the concetration of children learning, and (3) know how much an increase in the concentration learn the value of child after enactmen of a method of storytelling. The type of this research is Classroom Action Research conducted in 2 cycle holding the observation, interview and documentation. The research include: planning, fostering, observation and reflection. The result showed that: (1) before did the act of only 15,78% or three children at criteria developed as expected, (2) the act of fostering as many as two cycle and every cycle there are three meetings, (3) increase after the actions that can be seen in the first cycle is 47,38% develops in accordance the criteria developed as expected and for the second cycle that reveals 89,49% childrem divided into 57,91% reached criteria developed as expected and 31,58% reached criteria developing very well.
El estilo de Adán, primer artista y primera obra de arte. Metafísica y estética en el nacimiento de la razón vital de Ortega
Authors: Nigris Francesco de
Published: January 2020

La fundamental idea orteguiana de que «mi vida» es «razón», difiere radicalmente de la concepción fenomenológica de la razón que alumbra Husserl en Ideen, esencialmente fundada en el ser. La razón vital es teoría del hombre, que es su proyecto circunstancial; su estímulo argumental procede de una reflexión estética sobre todo orientada a la comprensión del realismo y del idealismo artísticos, y cuyas consecuencias filosóficas serán decisivas.
Re-legazione e volontà di verità: lo spazio della libertà di fronte al «potere del reale» nel pensiero di X. Zubiri
Authors: Ponzio Paolo
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo quiere profundizar el nexo entre voluntad de verdad y relegación en la filosofía de Xavier Zubiri, en una perspectiva diacrónica e sincrónica, en un análisis del problema del concepto de «poder de lo real» al interior del camino personal del filósofo en modo de determinar cuál es el espacio que el hombre tiene por liberarse de su fundamentalidad: agnosticismo, indiferencia y ateísmo.
El «Quijote» de Pedro Cerezo, o la otra modernidad
Authors: Higuera Espín Javier de la
Published: January 2020

Pedro Cerezo ha dedicado una obra ya muy extensa al estudio del pensamiento español así como al estudio de la filosofía moderna y contemporánea, pero ha sido sobre todo en su lectura del Quijote, culminada en su reciente libro El Quijote y la aventura de la libertad (2016), donde ha cruzado productivamente esas dos líneas de pensamiento, la que le conducía a la cuestión «pensar en español » y la que le llevaba a «la cuestión de la modernidad», aportando claves importantes que ayudan a completar nuestra comprensión de la modernidad y a replantear productivamente la cuestión de la función y posibilidad de la filosofía en la actualidad. El presente artículo se ocupa de exponer el papel que, según Cerezo, tiene el Quijote en la constitución de la modernidad y reconstruyendo su idea de un «pensamiento español» de carácter literario capaz de aportar a la modernidad nuevas posibilidades.
El principio ético de no arbitrariedad: la teoría moral formal de Francisco Miró Quesada
Authors: Villarán Alonso
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es introducir, interpretar y defender la originalidad de la «primera mitad» de la fundamentación racional de la ética de Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias (Lima, 1918-2019). Para ello, nos enfocaremos en sus tres primeros trabajos éticos —«El Intelectual, el Occidente y la Política» (1965), «Sobre el Derecho Justo» (1976) y «Ser Humano Naturaleza, Historia» (1987)— dejando sus escritos posteriores para un trabajo complementario. Mostraremos cómo Miró Quesada intenta refinar la filosofía moral de Immanuel Kant, superando su posible mayor defecto —aquí llamado materialismo encubierto— y repensando el principio moral supremo, al que llama no arbitrariedad. Evaluaremos también su tesis de que el principio de no arbitrariedad es la condición necesaria de la ética y su invitación a renunciar a buscar su condición suficiente. En el camino, resaltaremos la originalidad de la propuesta de Miró Quesada. Finalmente, adelantaremos la tesis central de sus textos éticos posteriores y plantearemos breves preguntas que su teoría moral requiere responder.
Pengembangan Proses Inaktivasi Enzim Polifenol Oksidase untuk Produksi Teh Hijau Berkatekin Tinggi
Authors: Yulianto Mohamad Endy , Arifan Fahmi , Ariwibowo Didik , Hartati Indah , Mustikaningtyas Dewi
Published: January 2020

Teh merupakan bahan minuman penyegar alami yang menyehatkan karena di dalamnya terkandung senyawa katekin yang merupakan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker, mengurangi kemungkinan timbulnya penyakit jantung, darah dan pembuluh darah, menyehatkan pencernaan makanan, mulut dan gigi serta beberapa penyakit infeksi lain. Oleh karena itu kadar katekin tinggi di dalam teh sangat diharapkan. Untuk memperoleh kadar katekin tinggi harus menghilangkan proses oksidasi polifenol secara enzimatik pada saat pengolahan daun teh. Untuk keperluan itu dirancang suatu proses dan sistem pemroses yang mendukung kondisi pengolahan tersebut. Dasar perancangan yang dipilih adalah inaktivasi enzim polifenol oksidase dengan cara steaming. Teh yang dihasilkan diharapkan merupakan teh berkatekin tinggi yang selain dapat langsung dikonsumsi dapat pula dijadikan bahan baku bubuk katekin untuk preparat dietary food dan fungctional food atau obat. Kajian sistem pemroses ini melibatkan variabel-variabel persen uap panas yang digunakan, kapasitas daun teh dan spray uap air. Parameter yang akan diamati adalah temperatur sistem, kadar katekin, kadar air, dan kelembaban sistem proses yang merupakan fungsi waktu. Hasil proses steaming daun teh menunjukkan bahwa pada temperatur 90 0C, diperoleh katekin dengan kadar relatif tinggi. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan bahwa kelembaban 70% didapatkan kadar katekin relatif tinggi dengan kadar air relatif rendah.
Oksidasi 3-(3,4-dimetoksifenil)-propanol dengan Menggunakan Oksidator Piridinium Klorokromat (PCC)
Authors: Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Iriany Ayu Ratri Kartika
Published: January 2020

3-(3,4-dimetoksfenil)-propanol mudah dioksidasi menjadi bentuk aldehida-nya menggunakan piridinium klorokromat (PCC) tanpa menimbulkan oksidasi lebih lanjut membentuk asam karboksilat. PCC telah disintesis dengan mereaksikan reacting HCl dan CrO3, diikuti dengan penambahan piridin dalam larutan pada suhu 0oC dan hasilnya 85%. Sedangkan, reaksi oksidasi dari 3-(3,4-dimetoksfenil)-propanol dengan PCC sebagai oksidator dilakukan dalam diklorometan selama 3 jam dan direfluks pada suhu 30oC dan rasio mol alkohol:PCC adalah 1:2. Produk oksidasi diekstraksi menggunakan dietileter dan diuapkan, menghasilkan 71,3% dari produk oksidasi dengan indeks refraksi sebesar 1,57. Data FT-IR menunjukkan adanya penyerapan yang kuat pada gugus karbonil (C=O) pada bilangan gelombang 1724,2 cm-1 dan penyerapan CH aldehida pada 2723,3 cm-1, diperkuat oleh data GC-MS di tR = 20.797 menit yang menunjukkan ion molekuler pada m/e = 194 dan puncak dasar pada m/e = 151 yang mewakili struktur 3-(3,4-dimetoksfenil)-propanal