bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of myometrial invasion on prognostic factors and survival analysis in endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Dane Cem , Bakir Sait
Published: October 2020

Background: We investigated the relationship between myometrial invasion and the prognostic factors on overall and progression free survival in endometrial carcinoma.Methods: 122 cases operated with endometrial cancer were included into the study. Progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated according to degree of myometrial invasion. We also investigated the relationship between myometrial invasion and prognostic factors. Results: The 5- year progression-free survival rate was 90 % in stage I, 66 % in stage II, 32 % in stage III and 60 % in stage IV. The 5- year overall survival rate was 95 % in stage I, 89 % in stage II, 49 % in stage III and 30 % in stage IV. The progression free survival and overall survival for patients with more than 50 % myometrial invasion were detected 67 % at 58 months and 66 % at 60 months, respectively. The clinicopathological variables that significantly correlated with myometrial invasion of more than 50 % were as follows: pelvic lymph node metastasis (p: 0,00029-OR: 11.2), cervical stromal invasion (p: 0008-OR:7.9), LVSI (p< 0.0001-OR: 16.5).Conclusion: The depth of myometrial invasion is one of the most important prognostic indicators and determinants of therapy in endometrial cancer. Keywords: Endometrial carcinoma; Progression free survival; Overall survival; Prognostic factors.
Título en español.
Authors: J. Enrique Pérez  , J. Adsuar
Published: October 2020

Se prepararon antisueros para el virus que produce el mosaico del pimiento en Puerto Rico (P.R.P.M.) y una cepa tipo del virus Y que ataca la papa, inoculando conejos con el jugo clarificado de plantas de tabaco infectadas separadamente con cada uno de estos virus. Todos los cuatro sueros, así preparados, reaccionaron con ambos antígenos. Pruebas cruzadas de absorción demostraron que el virus P.R.P.M. posee componentes antigénicos que no se encuentran en el virus Y.
Título en español.
Authors: M. A. Lugo-López
Published: October 2020

Se informan aquí medidas de la porosidad y la densidad aparente de siete suelos arcillosos y se relacionan estos con observaciones en cuanto al desarrollo de raíces, bajo condiciones de campo, de malojillo, yerba de Guinea y yerba Bermuda. El efecto combinado de alta densidad y volumen mayor de poros pequeños aparentemente reduce el desarrollo de raíces del malojillo y la Bermuda. Las raíces de la yerba de Guinea, un forraje de zonas áridas, pueden penetrar a través de horizontes densos, donde predominan los poros pequeños. Esto puede explicar en parte la resistencia de esta yerba a condiciones de sequía.
The Freezing of Pigeonpeas for Market
Authors: Sánchez Nieva F. , González M. A. , Benero J. R.
Published: October 2020

Studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of freezing pigeonpeas. The results obtained show that pigeonpeas can be successfully frozen for market. If the enzyme system is completely inactivated by proper blanching, no appreciable changes in flavor, texture, appearance, and intensity of off-flavor take place during storage at —10° F. for 2 years. Blanching in water at 195° F. for 5 minutes was found to be the best treatment to inactivate the enzyme system. Fully mature green peas with an alcohol-insoluble solid content of about 27 percent were found to be of better quality when frozen than more tender or overripe peas. A preliminary marketing test run in four supermarkets: two in the San Juan Metropolitan area, one in the city of Ponce, and one in the city of Mayagüez, indicated that frozen pigeonpeas offered to consumers in the off-season may be one of the best sellers among the frozen products.
Response to Fertilization of Strip-cultivated Plantains Growing on a Steep Latosol in the Humid Mountain Region of Puerto Rico
Authors: Caro-Costas Rubén , Abruña Fernando , Vicente-Chandler José
Published: October 2020

The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium fertilization on yields and foliar composition of strip-cultivated plantains growing on steep Cialitos clay, a typical latosol of the Humid Mountain Region of Puerto Rico, were determined. Yields of plantains were sharply increased by the application of either 200 pounds of nitrogen, 200 of phosphoric acid, 400 of potassium, or 100 pounds of magnesium per acre, when all other nutrients were present in abundance. Foliar composition of the plantains at 7 months presaged their yield response to the various nutrients. Approximate percentage leaf contents indicating a deficiency and a sufficiency, respectively, of the various nutrients when all other nutrients were provided in abundance were as follows: Nitrogen 3.5 and 4.0, phosphorus 0.15 and 0.21, potassium 2.3 and 3.3 percent, and magnesium 0.15 and 0.31.
Productivity of Intensively Managed Pastures of Five Grasses on Steep Slopes in the Humid Mountains of Puerto Rico
Authors: Caro Costas Rubén , Vicente Chandler José , Figarella Jacinto
Published: October 2020

The productivity, in terms of carrying capacity and of beef yields, of intensively managed, well-fertilized pastures of five grasses on steep slopes in the Mountain Region of Puerto Rico with annual rainfall of 63 inches, was determined. Pangola, Guinea, and Napier grass pastures produced similar high yields, averaging 1,058 pounds of weight gain and 7,500 pounds of total digestible nutrients, equivalent to a carrying capacity of 2.4 600-pound steers per acre yearly over a 4-year period. The young cattle grazed for periods of a full year averaged 1.3 pounds of weight gain daily. No weeding was necessary and there was no problem with "manure spots" in these pastures receiving 1 ton of 14-4-10 fertilizer per acre yearly in four equal applications. There was little compaction of the soil by trampling, and loosening the surface soil after 4 years of intensive grazing did not increase yields of any of these grasses. Quality of the Pangola, Guinea, and Napier grass forage was in all cases excellent and varied little with season of the year or with grass species. Crude-protein content of samples obtained throughout the year by simulated grazing averaged 18.1 percent, phosphorus 0.22, lignin 8.1, and calcium 0.62 percent for Guinea and 0.32 percent for Napier and Pangola grasses. Para grass and molassesgrass pastures were definitely inferior to Pangola, Guinea, and Napier grasses, producing only 636 pounds of weight gain, and 5,030 pounds of total digestible nutrients per acre yearly.
THE LOWEST CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN COLEOPTERA
Authors: Virkki Niilo , Purcell Caridad M.
Published: October 2020

THE LOWEST CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN COLEOPTERA
Título en español
Authors: R. Vázquez  , A. Eschenwald-Hess  , M. J. Martínez-Luciano
Published: October 2020

En la Subestación de Lajas se llevó a cabo un experimento de campo para estudiar el efecto de cuatro distintos niéveles de riego, tres de nitrógeno y tres distintas cantidades de semilla, por acre, sobre la producción de materia seca del millo Blanco del País. Los tratamientos con riego fueron como sigue: Se mantuvo un alto contenido de humedad en ciertas parcelas, aplicándoseles riego cuando el promedio de succión (tensión) en el área alrededor de las raíces alcanzaba 0.7 de atmósfera; un contenido mediano de humedad cuando el promedio de succión fue de 2.0 atmósferas y un bajo contenido de humedad cuando el promedio de succión fue de 5.0 atmósferas. Las parcelas sin riego sirvieron de testigo. Los niveles de nitrógeno fueron 40, 80 y 120 libras por acre, por corte. Se usaron 10, 20 y 30 libras de semilla por acre. En términos generales, los datos obtenidos demostraron lo siguiente; 1. La aplicación de riego aumentó la producción de forraje durante los meses de enero a agosto, pero el aumento no fue significativo durante el período de septiembre a diciembre. 2. No hubo diferencia, significativa entre la producción de las parcelas que recibieron riego. Sin embargo, la aplicación de riego no se hizo según indicaban los tratamientos, ya que los bloques de resistencia que se usaron como índice de riego no se calibraron debidamente. 3. El millo Blanco País requirió las siguientes cantidades de agua: 13.640 pulgadas de agosto 7 a octubre 22; 8.396 de octubre 23 a enero 7; 6.853 de enero 8 a marzo 25; 12.872 de marzo 20 a junio 10 y 12.030 de junio 11 a agosto 20, o sea, un total de 53.797 pulgadas durante 385 días. 4. La estación del año tuvo que ver con el consumo de agua. El mayor consumo, o sea, un promedio de 0.227 de pulgada por día, tuvo lugar de agosto 7 a octubre 22, y el más bajo, o sea, 0.112 de pulgada, de enero 8 a marzo 25. 5. La aplicación de nitrógeno tuvo un efecto cuadrático altamente significativo sobre la producción de forraje. Es decir, la aplicación de 80 libras de nitrógeno por acre, por cosecha, aumentó la producción al compararse con el tratamiento de 10 libras, en una forma altamente significativa en todas las cosechas. Sin embargo, al aplicarse 120 libras el aumento en producción fue reduciéndose en comparación con el tratamiento de 80 libras. El alimento en producción fue significativo solamente en las últimas tres cosechas. 6. Hubo una interacción significativa entre las aplicaciones de nitrógeno y riego durante las últimas dos cosechas, mientras que el análisis combinado de las cinco cosechas reveló que la interacción fue altamente significativa. 7. Cuando se sembraron más de 10 libras de semilla por acre, el aumento en la producción no fue significativo. 8. La aplicación de nitrógeno aumentó el contenido de proteína en el forraje, mientras que el riego lo disminuyó.
Título en español
Authors: José Vicente-Chandler  , Rubén Caro-Costas  , Elvin G. Boneta
Published: October 2020

Se estudió el efecto de dos sistemas de cultivo, sobre los rendimientos de tabaco, caña de azúcar, plátanos, yautías, ñames, maíz y habichuelas, en tres suelos típicos de la Región Montañosa y Húmeda de Puerto Rico: En un caso se roturó el suelo por completo y en el otro se dejó sin arar. En ambos casos se erradicaron los yerbajos. Los tres suelos eran de excelentes condiciones físicas, como lo indica su peso-volumen que  romediaba 1.05, y un 15.5 por ciento de sus poros que desaguaban a una presión de 1/3 de atmósfera. Excepto en algunos casos de menor importancia, los rendimientos de las diversas cosechas fueron tan altos bajo un sistema de cultivo como bajo el otro. Es posible que el sistema de un cultivo mínimo, aparejado al uso de yerbicidas, ofrezca las ventajas siguientes sobre el sistema tradicional de arar con bueyes. Redua la erosión del suelo y permite el uso más eficiente de la mano de obra.
Título en español
Authors: Julio Bird  , Arnold Krochmal  , George Zenimyer  , José Adsuar
Published: October 2020

Se logró reproducir la mayoría de los síntomas del mal común de la papaya de Santa Cruz después de inocular plantas de papaya de la variedad 'Solo' con el hongo Corynespora cassicola (Berk, & Curt.) Wei. So produjo una severa necrosis del tallo cuando se inoculó la mencionada variedad con una especie de Botryodiplodia. C. cassicola perdió su virulencia al transferirse en serie, un un cultivo artificial.
Título en español
Authors: Raúl Pérez Escolar
Published: October 2020

Se presentan los datos de un estudio de laboratorio para determinar la acción de las mieles finales y los mostos de destilerías sobre la restauración de un suelo arcilloso con un alto contenido de sales y sodio intercambiables. El estudio reveló que aún los niveles más bajos de mosto y miel diluida, en la proximidad de 2.3 acre-pulgadas, bastaron para bajar la conductividad del extracto de saturación del suelo, de 67 mmhos/cm. a menos de 3 mmhos/cm, y el sodio intercambiable de 43 por ciento a menos de 1 por ciento. Se cree que el hecho de que las cantidades más altas de Ca y Mg aparecieran en las aguas de filtración de las columnas que contenían altos niveles de mosto y miel, se deba a la acción disolvente de los ácidos orgánicos que se formaron de la descomposición del mosto y de la miel. De esta manera se aumentó la proporción de Ca y Mg/Na para sustituir el sodio mediante una acción en masa. Cuando el suelo se sometió a un período seco entre el sexto y el séptimo acre-pie de agua, no hubo alteración en el movimiento del agua, resultando así en una completa restauración del suelo.
AN INEXPENSIVE LABORATORY METHOD FOR CASSAVA-STARCH EXTRACTION
Authors: Arnold Krochmal  , Bárbara Kilbride
Published: October 2020

AN INEXPENSIVE LABORATORY METHOD FOR CASSAVA-STARCH EXTRACTION
Título en español
Authors: Paul F. Randel
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español
Título en español
Authors: Alex G. Alexander
Published: October 2020

Se hicieron estudios de filtración de gel, con preparaciónes de proteínas extraídas de las hojas de la caña de azúcar en las que la fosfatasa se mostró muy activa. Los objetivos eran aislar las fosfatasas para evitar que se contaminaran con proteína, y separar las unas de las otras. Para este fin se usó Sephadex, gel de dextran que al actúar de colador posee propiedades variables, en columnas de 1.5 X 25 cm., diluido con agua o con un agente amortiguador. Se logró una buena separación de la enzima y las proteínas. Al recoger fracciones de 1 ml. durante una filtración típica, la actividad mayor de la fosfatasa se obtuvo en las fracciones del 8 al 10, mientras que la masa de la proteína no-catalítica quedó rezagada en las fracciones del 19 al 24. El proceso de filtración también sirvió para remover inhibidores, tales como el molibdeno y el tungsteno, permitiendo así la reactivación de la enzima inhibida. Fueron negativos los esfuerzos por separar las fosfatasas, una de la otra, mediante la filtración de gel y por electrofóresis de papel. Se llegó a la conclusión de que las fosfatasas de la hoja de la caña de azúcar poseen propiedades casi idénticas respecto a solubilidad, tamaño de las moléculas y tipo de carga. Se sospecha, además, que entre las diversas fosfatasas existe une extraordinaria fuerza de vinculación que une proteína a proteína.
Оптимальное управление судовым дизелем при нестационарных режимах
Authors: Usov А. , Polovinka E. , Slobodiynyk N.
Published: October 2020

На основании исследования управления топливной системы судовых дизелей при нестационарных режимах решена задача оптимизации расхода топлива в условиях динамики судового комплекса и состояния водной поверхности. Задача решена с использованием модели поведения судового двигателя при нестационарных режимах, содержащей основные технические характеристики двигателя, привода, нестационарности водной среды, оптимальным управлением топливной системы, обеспечивающим минимальный расход топлива при заданной средней скорости
Суднопідйомні споруди України. Методика визначення їх кількості для судноремонту
Authors: Martinov L.
Published: October 2020

Суднопідйомні споруди є важливою частиною основних виробничих фондів судноремонтних заводів. Вони забезпечують можливість експлуатації флоту України. Потреба визначення кількості суднопідйомних споруд виникає на стадіях планування або проектування. Наводиться методика проведення цих розрахунків.
Влияние работ по переоборудованию круизных пассажирских судов на формирование помещений для пассажиров и экипажа.
Authors: Egorov A.
Published: October 2020

Несмотря на увеличение количества модернизаций, еще не все работающие речные круизные пассажирские суда (РКПС) приведены под современные понятия круиза. Поэтому при разработке проектов модернизации, да и новых РКПС, крайне важно иметь представление о реальной ситуации с пассажирскими каютами и общественными помещениями. Любая модернизация или конверсия РКПС, при условии отсутствия проблем с техническим состоянием судна, проводится с целью повышения комфортабельности. На таких судах повышение комфортабельности и приведение к современным стандартам обслуживания достигается за счет уменьшения пассажировместимости, в отличие от морских круизных пассажирских судов и лайнеров, для которых, в большинстве своем, возможно изменение габаритных размерений. При этом также меняются распределение площадей и компоновка помещений. Увеличивается удельная площадь кают с 2,0-4,5 м 2 /чел до 9,0-12,0 м 2 /чел, удельная площадь общественных помещений с 4,5-9,0 м 2 /чел до 11,5-16,0 м 2 /чел. Увеличивается также количество экипажа и обслуживающего персонала на одного пассажира до 0,51, что повышает уровень обслуживания на борту. В качестве объектов для исследования выбраны наиболее подходящие для модернизаций суда из первой (суда проектов 785, 26-37, 588, 305, 646, 860) и второй (проекты 301, 302, Q-040, Q-056, Q-065, 92-016) групп РКПС. Зависимости, полученные при выполнении работы, позволят упростить процесс проектирования на начальных стадиях проектирования, в том числе, при выполнении проектных работ по модернизации и конверсии РКПС.
Особенности проектирования многофункционального одолазного судна-катамарана проекта SDS18 типа «Игорь Ильин»
Authors: Chernikov D. , Yegorov G.V.
Published: October 2020

Выполнен анализ действующего отечественного водолазного флота. Показана необходимость строительства многофункциональных водолазных судов нового поколения с большой открытой палубой со средствами крепления, динамическим позиционированием, шахтой для спуска водолазов и оборудования, размещением спецперсонала. Разработана концепция судна-катамарана, определены основные характеристики. Выполнено сравнение с существующими водолазными судами. Созданы и оптимизированы обводы многофункционального водолазного судна-катамарана с помощью модельных испытаний в опытовом бассейне и CFD моделирования. Описаны основные функции и оборудование, установленное на судне.
Зниження механічних втрат у суднових середньообертових дизелях за рахунок оптимізації роботи циркуляційних систем мащення
Authors: Sagin S.
Published: October 2020

Розглянути питання забезпечення мінімального рівня механічних втрат у суднових середньообертових дизелях. Наведені результати визначення механічного коефіцієнту корисної дії дизеля 6EY22AW фірми Yanmar у діапазоні його навантаження 35-80 % та різних умовах експлуатації його системи циркуляційного мащення. Експериментально доведено, що при оптимальному поповненні циркуляційної системи та додавання в обсяг циркуляційної системи мащення поверхнево-активної присадки з оптимальною концентрацією забезпечується 5,8-11,1 %-е зниження механічних втрат, що відображається в пропорційному збільшенні механічного коефіцієнта корисної дії дизеля.
Testing the Validity of Keynesian Military Model of Fiscal Side in Case of Pakistan
Authors: Gulzar Ahmed , Ditta Allah , Rehman Hafeez ur , Ghafoor Naghmana
Published: October 2020

The objective of the study was to determine the impact of national security expenditures (military expenditures) on economic growth. Time series data from 1981 to 2018 on annual frequency on GDP growth rate, military expenditures as percentage of GDP, imports as percentage of GDP, unemployment rate, FDI as percentage of GDP and percentage of population living in agglomeration cities taken from online World Development Indicators. Johansen Co-integration and VECM methodology are applied to check the long run relationship and to get the long run and short run coefficient values. The major findings of this study explain that there is found the positive and significant relationship between military expenditures and economic growth of Pakistan both in long run and in short run. It explains that military expenditures are the key driver of economic growth both in short run and in the long run. The impact of imports on GDP growth was also found to be positive and significant both in long run and in short run. The impact of FDI is found positive and significant both in the long run and in the short run. The impact of migration of population to agglomeration cities have huge impact on growth were observed. The impact of unemployment was found to be negative on economic growth in short run.
Analysis of Alignment between National Curriculum of Education and Textbooks at Higher Secondary Level in Punjab-Pakistan
Authors: Saher Sobia , Kashif Najam-ul-
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted to identify the degree to which the objectives of higher secondary level national curriculum of Education were aligned with the textbooks in Punjab- Pakistan. The study was done by reviewing the national curriculum of Education and Textbooks for grade XI and XII so as to find the degree of alignment. The quantitative analysis was done by using Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC) method. In quantitative analysis the content of the textbook was analyzed with respect to student learning outcomes [SLOs] given in the curriculum. It was found that content in the Education-XI and XII textbook were not aligned to a desired level. Alignment Index (AI) of Education XI and XII textbook were 0.61 and 0.50 respectively. This misalignment was not same for all the categories of cognitive domain. The outcomes of the study revealed that there were some gap between curriculum and textbooks. The study lays great implications in the sense that it provides feedback to curriculum developers and textbook writers to consider alignment between curriculum objectives and textbook content. The study suggests adequate training for the curriculum and textbook developers to ensure alignment between national curriculum and textbooks.
Book Author: Yuehong, Zh. Book title: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Scientific and Scholarly Communication. Year of Publication: (2016). Publisher: Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Book pages: 162 pp. Book ISBN: 978-3-319-24158-6 (paperback).
Authors: Keihanpoor Ali , Haghighatjoo Maryam , Rahimi Forough
Published: October 2020

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Scientific and Scholarly Communication is an attempt to gather all the findings from various surveys of different disciplines in order to help journal editors, authors, and students from different subjects to learn more about plagiarism. This includes typical problems such as cut-and-paste, duplication of conference proceedings, self-plagiarism, team plagiarism, and review papers with a high level of similarity, how to detect plagiarism, to deal with it, and to avoid it.
Consumo de inflorescencia de maguey Agave sp. (Aspargales: Aspargaceae) por la ardilla de Peters Parasciurus oculatus (Rodentia: Sciuridae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato, México
Authors: Jiménez-Flores Víctor M. , Flores-Leyva Xhail , Lira-Hernández Fátima G. , Mendiola-González Ma. Eugenia , Zárate-Martínez Alicia , Vázquez Sandoval Luis F. , Charre-Medellin Juan
Published: October 2020

Aproximadamente el 87,5 % de las especies de plantas con flores son polinizadas por animales, sin embargo, la magnitud del impacto en la polinización de plantas por parte de los roedores, grupo al que pertenecen las ardillas, ha sido subestimada por la falta de información. Documentamos por primera ocasión consumo de las inflorescencias, néctar o polen de maguey (Agave sp.) por la ardilla de Peters (Parasciurus oculatus). Es necesario continuar el monitoreo de los polinizadores de los magueyes, para determinar el papel que juegan las ardillas en los procesos de polinización o depredación de estas plantas.
Digestive Surgical Emergencies at Analankininina Toamasina Madagascar University Hospital during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: VB Razafindraibe , Rasataharifetra Rasataharifetra , FCFP Rahantasoa , LH Samison , AH Rakotoarijaona
Published: October 2020

During the period of total containment during the Covid-19 pandemic; our department became the sole treatment center for all surgical emergencies. The influx of many patients made the task very difficult for the surgeon. This is a 3-month descriptive prospective study in the visceral surgery department at the Analankininina Toamasina University Hospital Center. Of the 81 patients hospitalized during the study, 32 patients were admitted for digestive surgery emergency, i.e. 39.50%. The mean age was 34.87 years with a sex ratio of 1.66, predominantly male. Abdominal pain occupied 43.75% of the reason for consultation, the most frequent pathologies were acute intestinal obstruction (18.75%) and acute appendicitis (18.75%). An exploratory laparotomy is performed on 40.62% of patients. Many patients were operated on for proctologic emergency (18.75%). The average length of hospitalization is 4.18 days. The visceral emergencies are present despite the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic and the activities of the health personnel are uninterrupted.
PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA:
Authors: Amalia Euis
Published: October 2020

This article discusses the development of Islamic banking in Indonesia, its contribution to and role in the constellation of national economy, particularly in empowerment of medium, small and micro enterprise (UMKM) which constitutes the pillar of national economy. This article also analyses a number of challenge faced by the Islamic banking institutions and attempts made by university as the centre for research, training human recourse to be capable and comprehend Islamic economy and to professionally develop Islamic financial industries, educating and advocating society for the strengthening of the regulation implementation. This is needed in order that the acceleration and development of Islamic banking in Indonesia could be realized in short time.
ETIKA PROFESSIONAL DAN RUH AGAMA DI AWAL MILLENIUM
Authors: Mas‘ud Abd. Rachman
Published: October 2020

The concept of professional ethics is partly comprised of what a professional should or should not do in the work place. It also encompasses a much greater part of the professionals life. If a professional is to have ethics then that person needs to adopt that conduct in all of his dealings. There are professional codes of ethics to consider and adopt in the way professionals conduct themselves in and out of the work place. This article explaines things that are included in professional ethichs, consist of concepts like: efficiency, professionalism, working well, little waste, diligence, punctuality, frugality, humbleness, spirit of prestige, need for achievement, open-minded, self-discipline and responsibility, self-reliance and the interpretation of religious thoughts. These ethics will be the basis of national development and needs to be reidentified in this 21st century.
HAK MILIK DALAM ISLAM PERSPEKTIF IBN TAYMIYAH
Authors: MASTHIYAH IYOH
Published: October 2020

According to Ibn Taymi’yah, rights are a strength that base on syariah in the utility of an object. However, this strength is various in terms of its form and stage. At once, this strength makes an individual has the right to sell or to rent, or to present, or to lease, or to utilize for productive purposes on a condition that the right is incomplete because it is limited. Based on this view, Ibn Taymiyah devides rights in Islam into three; individual right, social right or collective, and nasional right.
PROSPEK PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA: CERAH ATAU BURAM?
Authors: YULIANTI YULIANTI
Published: October 2020

Indonesia is one of the Asian countries that has proved the existence of syariah bankings. However, more efforts are still needed to fix existing problems faced. Beginning in 1991, Indonesia developed an Islamic economic by ways of building a syariah banking. Syariah banking is a kind of bank that operates without the use of interes in its transactions. At first, people were not sure with the performance of syariah bankings, but when these banks could survive during the 1997 economic cirisis from severe collapse, people are now sure that syariah bankings are a good place to save their money. As shown in the statistics of the Indonesian central bank (BI), syariah bankings show significant progress almost every year.
EKONOMI ISLAM DAN PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI RAKYAT
Authors: ABBAS ANWAR
Published: October 2020

Islam has made an effort to balance between policy-oriented intervention and non-policyoriented intervention on economy. As a religion, Islam does not oppose the market’s view of economy (liberal economics) nor the state’s control over the economy. Rather, Islam tries to make the balance equally according to the level and the measurement between the two. In principle, Islam recognizes the concept of altruism that gives precedence to the willingness to work cooperatively. In Indonesia, this principle lies in the existence of cooperatives (koperasi). This article argues that the system of cooperatives has its root in Islamic principles called atta’âwun, meaning cooperation and togertherness. By taking Koperasi Pondok Pesantren Sidogiri Pasuran as its case study, this article found that koperasi managed to enhance the level of economic betterment of its members.
Instrumen Internasional dan Peraturan Perundangan Indonesia tentang Kebebasan dan Perlindungan Beragama
Authors: MUDZHAR M. ATHO
Published: October 2020

This article assures that the Indonesian government has committed to uphold human rights issue after the official ratification of several national and international conventions on human rights. As well, several decrees and constitutions have been implemented. Following this, the Indonesian commitment, therefore, as argued by this article has been on the rigth track in its effort for upholding the human rights convention particularly on religion. In doing this, the Indonesian government has founded the national commission on human rights which is in charge of monitoring the implementation of human rights in Indonesia.
Menyikapi Keberadaan Aliran Sempalan
Authors: MASUD ABDURRAHMAN
Published: October 2020

This article discusses the differences in religious interpretation of the scripture and the emergence of various religious beliefs, understanding and sects. Inspite of these differences, most of the religious sects follow the main pillars of their religious teachings and subject to the majority group. Nevertheless, many others tend to pull out from this mainstream group and build another different religious orientation. These so-called splinter groups sometimes oppose againts the teachings developed by the mainstream group. In Islam, as argued by this article, the differences in religious orientations have resulted various reactions and treatments from the rest of the Muslims. The form of the reactions partly relies on the level of the Muslims’ educational background. The higher the level of education, the more tolerant the Muslims’s attitude toward the religious differences will be.
Science And Religion (Paradigma Al-Qur‘an Untuk Ilmu-ilmu Sosial Menurut Pemikiran Kuntowijoyo)
Authors: MUDJAHIDIN ANWAR
Published: October 2020

This paper aims at analyzing the epistemology of prophetic social science which had proposed by Kuntowijoyo. Sociology as a science cannot decide the direction in which society ought to go, and it makes no recomendations on matter of social policy. Sociology cannot itself deal with problems of good and evil, right and wrong, better and worse, or any others that concern human values. On the other hand religions without any knowledge of social phenomena will not be able to make any changes in the society. Prophetic social science will be able to respond to those dillemas by making the revelation (wahyu) as a source of knowledge. Social sciences do not only produce of statement about what is, but what of value. It can direct where the society ought to changes. According to prophetic social science changes must be directed to humanisation, liberation and trancendency.KATA KUNCI : Ilmu Sosial, al-Qur‘an, Epistemologi
CIVIL SOCIETY DAN KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA: TAWARAN PENDEKATAN
Authors: K H O Z I N W A H I D
Published: October 2020

Conflicts among religion adherents have been never really overcome until now. Otherwise, the escalation of conflicts highly increased. To solve the problem, some approaches applied. More than ever today, the approach to the formulation of religious harmony has come from The Ministry of Religious Affairs to the elite of religious leaders. In the fact, the top-down approach has not really met to the grass root (common people).  In line with the advance of civil society awareness such as mutual tolerance, respect, peace building, and egalitarian values at the level of community organization, it is worthy to apply a new approach of community-based religious harmony. This article proposes civil society as alternative approach to manage community-based religious harmony.
MODERNITAS NAHDLATUL ULAMA: “BERMAIN-MAIN DIANTARA TRADISI(ONAL) DAN KE-MODERN-AN”
Authors: N U R K H O I R O N M U H A M M A D
Published: October 2020

Nahdlatul Ulama’ (NU) might be deemed as traditional religious organization which rejected the modernity. Yet, it is rarely found the works tracing that NU was actually traditional religious organization.  As time goes on, NU grows up and has been world-wide known either by academic scholars or common people.  NU is no more labeled-traditional organization, because it has been capable to co-exist and could go hand in hand with modernity. The principal of Al-Muhafadhatu ‘Ala Qadim As-Shalih wa Akhdu bi Al-Jadid al-Ashlah (nurturing the existing culture as long as it is good or can be coloured by Islam, and adopting the new better one) and the involvement of some NU clerics to political practice and official government become the evidence that NU welcomes modernity. This article describes the role of NU to meet traditional and modern value. The success of NU to combine traditional and modern leads it to be as moderate organization. This article also scrutinizes historically and sociologically that NU is one of moderate Islamic movements in Indonesia.
CINTA KASIH AGAMA-AGAMA: HIDUP BERSAMA TUHAN DAMAI BERSAMA MANUSIA
Authors: BAHRI MEDIA ZAINUL
Published: October 2020

Love is the sacred mission of world religions and it must be a real practice in daily life. The religion-based conflicts occurred recently shows that love in religions is disappeared. In this circumstance, love as sacred mission must urgently be reborn to eliminate the conflicts. This article elaborates love from some religions such as Islam, Christian, Hindu and Buddha. It also explains why the Semitics religions always matters and raises conflicts.
PERGULATAN MINORITAS DALAM NEGARA HEGEMONIC: STUDI KASUS MUSLIM BANGSAMORO DI MINDANAO, FILIPINA SELATAN
Authors: SUAEDY AHMAD
Published: October 2020

This article describes the relationship between political entities of the Bangsamoro or Muslims in Mindanao and of the Philippine government which may be said in a nadir since the cancellation of the MoA-AD (Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain) signing plans between MILF (Mindanao Islamic Liberation Front) and the GRP (Government of the Republic of the Philippines) by the Supreme Court of the country in October 2008. Now their relationship is only bound by the temporary cease-fire. While the actual MILF is the only one course of representation of Muslims in Mindanao in addition to the MNLF (Mindanao National Liberation Front) and Kelompok Datu or traditional leaders. This research deduces that the plurality in the Bangsamoro itself becomes an obstacle in the peace talk process as the absence of a common platform among them. While GRP tends to speak with the faction of it separately, so it was impressed monolithic, there should be efforts to build a joint platform among different groups within the Bangsamoro. Furthermore, the GRP should facilitate the communication and the dialogue among factions within Bangsamoro. Besides, the GRP should convince people in Philippines of how important the peace with Bangsamoro is on behalf of a national interest in a whole.
GERAKAN NII DI BABAKAN CIPARI DAN EMPAT PILAR KEBANGSAAN
Authors: RUHANA AKMAL SALIM
Published: October 2020

This research was aimed to elaborate the profile of NII (Negara Islam Indonesia/ Indonesian Islamic State) movement in Babakan Cipari, Garut, and to scrutinize  its views on Panca¬sila, UUD 1945 (Indonesian constitution), Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (unity in diversity), and NKRI (Republic of Indonesia). In Indonesia NII has been one of controversial Islamic movement organizations from the Indonesian independence movement until today. Therefore, this research is interesting by showing the uniqueness of NII movement in Babakan Cipari as another variant of DI/NII movements, with some unique characteristics on religious thoughts and activities. In their perspectives, Pancasila and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika are tolerable, while UUD 1945 (amendment) and NKRI are problematic and unacceptable. Enriched by interviews with some key-informant, this research was written based on a descriptive-analytic method with a qualitative approach.
MEMAHAMI POLITIK MASYARAKAT MUSLIM
Authors: Khalimi M Firdaus
Published: October 2020

Politics movement is a reaction of social changes. Hence, all of parties (including Islamic Parties) must understand the characteristics and structures of society (social structures usually are based on job, education, income, asset and religion). Modern society tends to pragmatism (demanding political aspiration as their appetite). One of failure of Islamic parties was the lack of understanding social structure of muslim society. This article highlights the importance of  understanding the structure of muslim society for Islamic parties to do self, idea and movement contextualization.
KEGAGALAN PARTAI POLITIK ISLAM : KEGAGALAN AGENDA SETTING ?
Authors: Sutanto Muhammad Himawan
Published: October 2020

In recent years, the failure of Islamic political parties in Indonesia has occurred as result of inability to make a good agenda setting. To solve this problem, this article highlights the importance of the pattern of political communication (including the communicator, message, media, communicant and its effects) for Islamic political parties. It must be a serious concern in arranging the agenda setting. The agenda setting must be based on the voters aspiration and rational values. By these ways, Islamic political parties will be independence from their big names (such as NU for National Awakening Party (PKB), Muhammadiyah for Mandate National Party (PAN).
AGAMA DAN MASALAH KORUPSI :
Authors: Sahrasad Herdi
Published: October 2020

One of the most serious social problems in this country is corruption. From New Order to Reformation today, corruption continues craze and for the most part, due to lack of morals and integrity of officials, politicians and businessmen who are often easily slip into the trap of corruption. Consequently, in Indonesia, Muslims as a majority of the people, is still suffering and marginalized due to rampant corruption, feudalism power, and political-economic structures that lame. Admittedly, in this reform era, corruption was threatening the safety of the nation so much shouting that stern action be taken against the corrupt and violent. This paper would like to provide critical remarks about religion and the problem of corruption in Indonesia.

KEY WORDS:Corruption, Religion, Moral and Integrity, Official, Politician, Businessmen, KPK
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERBASIS NILAI KEMANUSIAAN:
Authors: Nurudin Nurudin
Published: October 2020

Multidimensional crisis, a crisis of ethics, crisis of confidence, social confidence crisis as if will not go yet from this state. Perhaps due to stagnation and the culmination of this national issue, then appeared the discourse and practice of “character education” which seems to be a potent herb cure structural and cultural epidemic that plagues this nation. Will the character education to become “solace” of grief Indonesian nation would not go over? Is it true that a successful character education can reduce crime social, economic, political, legal, and religious? And of course there are many more questions raised related to character education urgency. In this paper, the author attempts to formulate a value-based character education as a humanitarian endeavor to overcome socio-religious conflict in Indonesia.

KEY WORDS:Character Education, Religious Radicalism, Human Value, Harmony.
PANCASILA DALAM BINGKAI KERUKUNAN BERAGAMA
Authors: Kirom Syahrul
Published: October 2020

This article looks into explaining the social-religion conflict in Indonesia. The way to overcome the such conflict is to retake the pride of nationality and citizenship through Pancasila values as the philosophy of life. In other words, internalization of those values to the adherents of religion should be urgently done. So, when it happened, the adherents of religions are hopefully expected to engender the inclusive, tolerance and wise behaviors. It finally will rearrange the harmony of religions in Indonesia.

KEYWORD:Pancasila, Harmony, conflict, values, religion, dialogue.
WAKAF TUNAI
Authors: Zaenurrosyid A
Published: October 2020

Waqf as the way to worship Allah is also as a great potential asset for moslem. This great potential is empowered by various management innovation. Cash Wakaf that has been developed in several countries, in fact, be able to strengthen the economics of Moslem society. In the perspective of Moslem scholars”, not all of them agree with cash waqf. Although there is a different opinion about cash waqf, the majority of them legalized it. Either Hanafi or Maliki legalized cash waqf. Furthermore Hambali Moslem scholar also accept cash waqf and the other is not, while mazhab Syafi’iyah generally does not allow the practice of cash waqf. In the context of Indonesian Law. Law number 41, 2004 legalizes cash waqf, or valuable letter. This article discusses and analyzes cash waqf management at PPPA (The program for children who learn Quran by heart) with the analysis from the perspective of Islamic law and positive law No. 41, 2004. Based on the result of the research, it can be stated that cash money management at PPPA has been relevant with both of the approach of the law, and those developed cash waqf programs included educational institution, health, religion, and society needs services, that recently can reach hundreds of billions.
PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DALAM TINJAUAN MAQASHID SYARI’AH
Authors: Rama Ali , Makhlan Makhlan
Published: October 2020

Waqf as the way to worship Allah is also as a great potential asset for moslem. This great potential is empowered by various management innovation. Cash Wakaf that has been developed in several countries, in fact, be able to strengthen the economics of Moslem society. In the perspective of Moslem scholars”, not all of them agree with cash waqf. Although there is a different opinion about cash waqf, the majority of them legalized it. Either Hanafi or Maliki legalized cash waqf. Furthermore Hambali Moslem scholar also accept cash waqf and the other is not, while mazhab Syafi’iyah generally does not allow the practice of cash waqf. In the context of Indonesian Law. Law number 41, 2004 legalizes cash waqf, or valuable letter. This article discusses and analyzes cash waqf management at PPPA (The program for children who learn Quran by heart) with the analysis from the perspective of Islamic law and positive law No. 41, 2004. Based on the result of the research, it can be stated that cash money management at PPPA has been relevant with both of the approach of the law, and those developed cash waqf programs included educational institution, health, religion, and society needs services, that recently can reach hundreds of billions.
ARGUMEN FORMALISASI HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: MD Ahmad Ali
Published: October 2020

This article asserts that Islamic law of economy has a very important position in the national legal system. The Islamic law of economy as part of Islamic law and constitute a solid argument to be used as the basis of national law-making as a whole. The significance of Islamic law of economic is based on historical arguments, sociological, juridical, philosophical, and political. This assertion is refuse whom doubted and looked formalization of Islamic law, particularly the Islamic law of economy, is not important. This conclusion is obtained through alsiyasat al-shar‘iyah and the national legal politics approachs.
GEJALA INTOLERANSI BERAGAMA DI KALANGAN PESERTA DIDIK DAN UPAYA ENANGGULANGANNYA MELALUI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Qowaid Qowaid
Published: October 2020

Toleransi beragama merupakan elemen dasar yang dibutuhkan untuk menumbuhkembangkan sikap saling memahami dan menghargai perbedaan yang ada dalam masyarakat majemuk seperti Indonesia. Peserta didik memiliki  posisi penting dan potensi besar dalam menciptakan toleransi beragama. Oleh karena itu, timbul pertanyaan seperti apakah tingkat toleransi peserta didik sekolah lanjutan tingkat atas saat ini. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk  mengetahui tingkat toleransi peserta didik sekolah lanjutan tingkat atas di Pulau Jawa dan Sulawesi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum sikap keberagamaan peserta didik muslim sekolah lanjutan tingkat atas  adalah moderat dan cukup toleran, meski juga terlihat munculnya kecenderungan atau gejala sikap intoleran. Intoleransi tersebut berkorelasi dengan faktor internal dan eksternal kegidupan peserta didik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya agar sikap toleran peserta didik semakin meningkat, dan sikap intoleran semakin mengecil, antara lain melalui Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah. Di antaranya adalah melalui penguatan isi/materi pelajaran yang menekankan faham keagamaan yang moderat, peningkatan profesionalitas guru Pendidikan Agama Islam, media pembelajarannya, dan penilaian hasil belajar peserta didik, peningkatan motivasi dan komitmen untuk menjadi guru yang profesional.
MODEL PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ALTERNATIF:
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto
Published: October 2020

SDIT Nurul Fikri beralamat di Jalan Situ Indah No. 116 Rt. 06 Rw. 10, Tugu Cimanggis, Kota Depok  yang didirikan pada tahun 1993 di bawah naungan Yayasan Pendidikan Nurul Fikri (YPNF). YPNF merupakan lembaga pendidikan terpadu pertama di Indonesia yang menyelenggarakan pendidikan terpadu di Depok - Jawa Barat. Penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama alternatif di SDIT Nurul Fikri didasarkan  latar belakang bahwa a) adanya dikotomi antrara sekolah umum dan sekolah Islam, b) masih tertinggalnya prestasi sekolah Islam dari sekolah umum, (c) adanya kesenjangan antara konsep pendidikan di sekolah dan di rumah, d) adanya kesenjangan antara nilai yang ditanamkan di sekolah dengan output (hasil pada siswa), e) diperlukan  keseimbangan antara kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik, dan f) adanya porsi pembelajaran agama yang singkat. Kurikulum pendidikan agama dilakukan di dalam kelas melalui KBM pendidikan agama, silabus, dan RPP. KBM pendidikan agama disesuaikan dengan KTSP, yang didalamnya SI dan SKL sesuai dengan yang dikeluarkan oleh Depdiknas. Penanaman agama kepada peserta didik menjadi tugas guru, orang tua, petugas sekolah, yayasan, dan lingkungan. Seluruh tenaga pengajar dipersyaratkan memiliki kualifikasi S1. Proses perekrutan melalui seleksi administrasi, psikologi, kemampuan mengajar, dan interpersonal guru. Pembinaan sumberdaya manusia melalui pemberian motivasi, short course, atau  seminar. Rekruitmen peserta didik SDIT Nurul Fikri dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap, pertama, seleksi melalui sosialisasi melalui spanduk, orang tua siswa, dan media masa. Kedua, calon peserta didik diseleksi secara administratif dan psikotes. Sistem evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan agama dilakukan kepada peserta didik secara normatif sama dengan sistem evaluasi yang lain, yaitu ulangan tengah semester, ulangan sumatif, dan ujuian akhir sekolah. Model evaluasinya adalah unjuk kerja (demonstrasi), tes harian, bulanan, tengah semester, dan akhir semester. Tanggung jawab pembentukan watak bukan semata urusan pembelajaran agama di sekolah. Sekolah menjadi laboratorium persemaian tumbuhnya watak secara egaliter, dan siswa sebagai pelakunya.Semua aktivitas tersebut merupakan bentuk ikhtiar bersama. Semoga dengan begitu, pembelajaran agama tampil sebagai pembelajaran yang mampu berkontribusi kuat dalam melahirkan peserta didik yang berwatak sesuai dengan amanah UU SPN.