bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperation between Social Entrepreneurs and Government to Develop Solutions to Social Problems
Authors: Gigauri Iza , Damenia Nino
Published: July 2020

Entrepreneurship and innovation tend to serve as vehicles to provide solutions to economic woes during recession without relying upon public resources. The article discusses the definition of social entrepreneurship and shows how social entrepreneurship has developed at the relation of private, public, and nonprofit sectors. It outlines main trends in social entrepreneurship, and highlights successful entrepreneurial initiatives in solving social problems. The paper also examines how social entrepreneurship can help government to benefit society and improve lives. Government and social entrepreneurs have a common goal to solve social problems in effective and efficient way. However, little has been researched on this relationship. The presented article emphasizes that government can support social entrepreneurial initiatives in various ways to encourage social entrepreneurs to innovate, as well as create enabling environments for their efforts to solve problems in society.
New Formulation of Clethodim/Adjuvant at Control of Grass Weeds for Soybean Crops
Authors: Betto Alan Serafini , Dysarz Rafael , Cinelli Rafaela , Polito Rubens Antonio , Heck Tamara , Nunes Anderson Luis
Published: July 2020

The use of ACCase-inhibiting herbicides without the correct addition of an adjuvant is a major cause of inefficient poaceous weed control. As such, this study aimed to assess the efficiency of a new clethodim/adjuvant formulated mixture in postemergence weed control for soybean crops. Two field experiments were conducted in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 growing seasons. A randomized block design, consisting of ten treatments with four repetitions, was used. The treatments and doses were: clethodim (108 g a.i. ha-1) + Lanzar® (0.5%), clethodim (108 g a.i. ha-1) + Nimbus® (0.5%), clethodim/adjuvant formulation at doses of (84 g a.i. ha-1), (96 g a.i. ha-1), (108 g a.i. ha-1), (120 g a.i. ha-1), (132 g a.i. ha-1), and (144 g a.i. ha-1), and a control with and without weeding. The formulated clethodim/adjuvant mixture showed high control at 7 days after application (DAA) in the 2015/16 growing season. At 28 DAA, formulation doses of 108 g a.i. ha-1 and higher exhibited superior weed control and the highest crop yields. Therefore, the use of correct adjuvant or formulated mixture is essential to increase the efficiency of clethodim herbicide.
Efecto del eugenol en la vida util de una salsa de chile jalapeño (Capsicum annum) y papaya (Carica papaya)
Authors: Marcía Fuentes J.A. , Torres Loza M.J. , Varela Murillo I.M. , Chavarría Carrión L.A. , Sanabria Ortega H.L. , Díaz Antúnez H.A.
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo medir el efecto del eugenol sobre la vida útil de una salsa picante a partir de chile jalapeño (Capsicum annuum) y papaya (Carica papaya). Se utilizó clavo de olor como material de prueba, empleando diferentes formas de extracción del eugenol como aceite esencial. Se evaluó su uso como preservante en una salsa, mediante métodos acelerados durante 30 días a temperatura de 280 C ± 20 C y se comparó con el benzoato de sodio (testigo) según normativa del Codex Alimentarius (250 mg/kg). Los resultados determinaron que el eugenol presentó efecto inhibitorio del deterioro de la salsa picante prolongado su vida útil, lo que indica su potencial aplicación en la industria alimentaria, convirtiéndolo en una alternativa de conservación natural, cuyo uso ayudaría en la disminución de riesgos toxicológicos aportados por conservantes sintéticos.
Tracing Mineralogy and Alteration Intensity Using the Spectral Alteration Index and Depth Ratios at the Northwest Zone of the Lemarchant Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Newfoundland, Canada
Authors: Cloutier Jonathan , Piercey Stephen J.
Published: July 2020

The use of hyperspectral reflectance in mineral exploration has been steadily increasing in recent decades. This study presents a novel approach that integrates geochemical and spectral proxies to delineate ore formation and alteration processes, which provide new spectral-based exploration parameters that can be used in real time. The precious metal-bearing, bimodal-felsic Northwest zone of the Lemarchant volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, Newfoundland, Canada, is used as a case study.

Alteration associated with the Northwest zone includes intense and localized sulfide (pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena) and barite enrichment, as well as quartz, white mica, and chlorite alteration. Zones of elevated Zn (>5,000 ppm) are associated with high chlorite carbonate pyrite index (CCPI), Ishikawa alteration index (AI), Ba/Sr, and low Na2O values and elevated SiO2 and K2O, Fe2O3, Na2O, and BaO contents, similar to global alteration signatures in VMS deposits. Mineralized areas contain phengitic white micas with 2,200-nm absorption features longer than 2,215 nm and Mg-rich chlorites with 2,250-nm absorption features shorter than 2,252 nm. Together, these data are consistent with the Northwest zone having undergone intense hydrothermal alteration during the mineralization event.

A new lithology-normalized spectral alteration index (SAI) for white mica and chlorite was developed in order to map and characterize the alteration intensity surrounding the deposit. In addition, depth ratio parameters (2200D/2340D vs. 2250D/2340D) were used to characterize mineralogical changes and zonation. Together, these features document a paleofluid pathway with Mg chlorite alteration extending to at least 300 m away from the mineralization, outside the study area, within the andesitic and dacitic units.

The use of hyperspectral reflectance coupled with geochemical alteration proxies permitted the identification of areas of intense alteration, the chemical affinities of the minerals, and their relationships to alteration processes (i.e., seawater alteration versus silicification), which would not be possible using geochemistry alone.
Current Evidence-based Indications for Modern Noncemented Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Christensen David D. , Klement Mitchell R. , Moschetti Wayne E. , Fillingham Yale A.
Published: July 2020

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common procedures performed in orthopaedic surgery. Traditionally, most TKAs have been performed by cementing the implant to the bone with polymethyl methacrylate to provide fixation. Noncemented implants that rely on boney ingrowth for fixation are increasingly appealing to surgeons, given success in total hip arthroplasty and the desire for long-term stability of implants in younger patients. Despite high failure rates with early designs, several series of recent designs have demonstrated improved survivorship, although this has not been confirmed in larger registry studies. Modern screwless designs with improved porous coating are thought to contribute to better ingrowth and have been designed to address previous implant pitfalls. Surgeons must be aware of the potential advantages and limitations of noncemented TKA.
Early Ambulation After Hip Fracture Surgery Is Associated With Decreased 30-Day Mortality
Authors: Heiden Jace J. , Goodin Stephen R. , Mormino Matthew A. , Siebler Justin C. , Putnam Sara M. , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Tao Matthew A.
Published: July 2020

Introduction:

Hip fractures frequently present in complicated patients and are fraught with high morbidity and mortality rates. Postoperatively, delayed ambulation has been identified as a factor associated with increased mortality, although its magnitude has yet to be quantified. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate mortality after hip fracture surgery because it relates to early postoperative ambulation, taking into account preexisting comorbidity burden.

Methods:

This is a retrospective review of patients older than age 65 years who underwent surgical fixation for hip fractures because of a low-energy mechanism. Ambulation during the first 3 postoperative days was recorded along with age and preexisting comorbidity burden (Modified 5-Factor Frailty Index), and 30-day and 1-year mortality statuses were examined. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between postoperative ambulation and mortality.

Results:

Of 485 patients initially identified, 218 met the inclusion criteria. Overall mortality rates were 6.4% at 30 days and 18.8% at 1 year. Two-thirds of patients ambulated in the first 3 postoperative days versus one-third who did not. Patients who did not ambulate had both significantly increased 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR] 4.42, P = 0.010, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.42 to 13.75) and 1-year mortality (OR 2.26, P = 0.022, 95% CI 1.12 to 4.53). After multivariable logistic regression accounting for age and comorbidity status, ambulation remained strongly associated with 30-day (OR 3.87, P = 0.024, 95% CI 1.20 to 12.50) but not 1-year mortality (OR 1.66, P = 0.176, 95% CI 0.80 to 3.48). Although neither were significant at 30 days, both increasing age (OR 1.05, P = 0.020, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10) and Modified 5-Factor Frailty Index (OR 1.62, P = 0.005, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.26) correlated with increased mortality at 1 year.

Conclusion:

Early ambulation after hip fracture surgery bears a notable, almost four-fold, association with early postoperative mortality independent of age and medical comorbidities. Our results support a growing body of evidence that ambulation is a powerful tool that should continue to be emphasized to optimize mortality in hip fracture patients.
The Dual Pricing of Destinations: Tourist Perception on Sri Lanka
Authors: Bernard Kingsley , Sathyapala Chamud , Wijesuriya Thusara , Sachintha Sahan , Dhanushka Rajith
Published: July 2020

Dual-Pricing of entrance fees to tourist destinations is a sensitive current issue among travelers, industry experts, and policy developers. This practice is mostly observed in the global south countries, to which Sri Lanka belongs. This study focuses on identifying and measuring the factors that influence the willingness-to-pay (WTP) entrance fees by foreign tourists visiting Sri Lanka and to understand their perception of the concept. The findings of this study revealed that income, knowledge, perceived price fairness, and visitor expectations possessed a significant relationship with WTP entrance fees in a dual-pricing context. Excepting knowledge other three variables had a significant impact on WTP. Furthermore, it was revealed that a majority of tourists accepted the dual-pricing policy, subject to certain concerns.
Social Responsibility Activity Disclosure: The Case of Jordanian Banks
Authors: Ahmad Alduneibat Khalid Ali
Published: July 2020

The current study aims to evaluate the level of social responsibility practices of Jordanian banks, and to trace certain bank characteristics that affect the level of social responsibility disclosure. A disclosure index with 32 items was used to test the annual reports of 13 Jordanian banks. Data analysis has revealed that the banks disclosed nearly 69% of the index’s items, and six banks disclosed more than 80% of the items. The results have proved that there was an acceptable level of disclosure of Jordanian banks listed on the ASE. The results of the regression analysis have confirmed that size, earnings, age and number of branches were significantly and positively affected the level of social responsibility information disclosure.
Comparative Study of the Protective Effect of Cola anomala and Coffea arabica Against Induced Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Mbong M-A. Angie , Edoun F. L. Ebouel , Ngandi L. C. Manga , Youvop J. A. Fotso , Orang R. Orang , Tienoue H. M. Fotso , Nwang F. Ngalla , Ngondi J. L. , Oben J.
Published: July 2020

This work was aimed at evaluating the effects of C. anomala and C. arabica on Methotrexate (MTX) induced metabolic disorders. For this, the aqueous extract (AE) of C. anomala and C. arabica were prepared and their polyphenols, flavonoids and alkaloids contents determined as well as their antiradical and total antioxidant capacity. An animal experimentation using female rats was carried out for 14 days. Rats were divided into 6 groups; a negative control group receiving water; a positive control group receiving 12mg/Kg Bw of MTX; four tests groups receiving 12mg/Kg Bw of MTX and one of the extracts at a dose of 200mg/Kg Bw or 400mg/Kg Bw. At the end of the experiment, plasmas and hemolysates were prepared as well as liver and kidney homogenates for the evaluation of oxidative status (catalase, total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA)), liver toxicity (alanine amino transferase (ALT)) and renal toxicity (creatinine and urea) and lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol). Weight gain in extract-treated rats was better with the C. anomala. Concerning oxidative status, MDA levels were generally lower in C. anomala-treated groups compared to C. arabica while catalase level was higher in C. anomala-treated rats. As for lipid profile, it is C. arabica that showed more or less better results. Both extracts led to an amelioration of toxicity markers compared to exclusive treatment with MTX. The results of this study suggest that C. anomala and C. arabica may reduce metabolic disorders associated with the intake of MTX during cancer treatment; C. anomala protecting better C. arabica.
New Topology on Symmetrized Omega Algebra
Authors: Alqahtani Mesfer , Özel Cenap , Alshammari Ibtesam
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this paper is to define a new topology called symmetrized omega algebra topology and discuss some of its topological properties. Two different examples from an ordered infinite set of symmetrized omega topology are introduced. Furthermore, we study the relationship between symmetrized omega topology and weaker kinds of normality.
Ultrasound-Assisted Preparation Methods of Nanoparticles for Energy-Related Applications
Authors: Vaitsis Christos , Mechili Maria , Argirusis Nikolaos , Kanellou Eirini , Pandis Pavlos K. , Sourkouni Georgia , Zorpas Antonis , Argirusis Christos
Published: July 2020

Ultrasound (US) technology is already into the research field providing a powerful tool of producing nanomaterials or being implicated in decoration procedures of catalyst supports for energy applications and material production. Toward this concept, low or/and high-frequency USs are used for the production of nanoparticles, the decoration of catalytic supported powders (carbon-based, titania, and alumina) with nanoparticles, and the production of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are porous, crystalline materials, which consist of metal centers and organic linkers. Those structures demonstrate high surface area, open metal sites, and large void space. All the above produced materials are used in heterogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and energy storage. Batteries and fuel cells are popular systems for electrochemical energy storage, and significant progress has been made in nanostructured energy materials in order to improve these storage devices. Nanomaterials have shown favorable properties, such as enhanced kinetics and better efficiency as catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
Green Transportation in Green Supply Chain Management
Authors: Saada Raeda
Published: July 2020

Organizations of the present day have directed their work patterns by acquiring the approach of green supply chain management (GSCM), in order to combat harmful environmental concerns. The most prominent reason behind the adoption of green strategy is to reduce the burden of the polluted environment. It is a concept which identifies the relationship between the supply chain operations and the natural environment. The present chapter provides a detailed discussion regarding the application of green transportation in green supply chain management, while shedding light to the evolution of green supply chain management, and its principle along with the factors that support total quality environmental management. The overall discussion is focused by elaborating the examples of green transportation in GSCM. The discussion revealed that most of the international markets prioritize the emission of gas, rather than focusing on implementing the green technologies in transportation. Slow steaming, voyage optimization, and efficiency in port operations are some of the major recent trends of green transportation identified in green supply chain management. However, some of the common examples of green transportation in GSCM Dalsey Hillblom Lynn (DHL) model of green transportation and Ingvar Kamprad, Elmtaryd Agunnaryd (IKEA) model of green transportation which serves as the major initiatives in the management of green transportation.
The Role of Biosensor in Climate Smart Organic Agriculture toward Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Eghonghon Ukhurebor Kingsley
Published: July 2020

The application of climate smart agriculture technique has been identified as an important aspect in proffering solutions for most of the challenges to climate change mitigation as well as environmental and agricultural sustainability. Several biosensors and biosensing machineries such as nanoparticles/nanomaterials, polymers and microbes built-biosensors as well as their applications are now being used in most part of the world for solving some of the challenges in agricultural activities, food production and its sustainability. However, it is significant to assimilate multi-faceted methods for sustainable development of more effective biosensors that can possibly be used for diverse applications especially in the area of climate smart organic/biological agriculture for environmental sustainability. Smart monitoring employing biosensors will ensure that biochemical and other categories of contaminants are kept at bay from conceding the quality and safety of food via the mitigation of pest and pathogens that could affect agricultural produce. Hence, this study will attempt to provide an overview of what has been done from previous studies on biosensing technologies and their wide application in climate smart organic/biological agriculture as well as their role in environmental sustainability, and this will assist in proffering useful suggestions for future research studies as future contribution to knowledge for the advancement in agricultural and environmental sustainability.
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Listeria monocytogenes in Infertile Men and the Effect on Semen Parameters
Authors: Tohidpour Maryam , Shahhosseiny Mohammadhassan , Mehrabian Sedigheh , Saremi AboTaleb
Published: July 2020

Background: Infertility is one of the serious problems in gynecology and one of the most important issues of concern in couples. Meanwhile, a significant rise in infertility is recently reported in Iran due to the infections and harsh environmental conditions. Objectives: The current study aimed to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Listeria monocytogenes in males with infertility using PCR, and to evaluate bacteriospermia effects of the studied bacteria on semen parameters. Methods: Semen specimens of 100 infertile men were collected. Then, each specimen was divided into two parts: the first part was tested by semen analysis according to the WHO guidelines and the second was tested using the PCR method. The PCR intended to identify C. trachomatis and L. monocytogenes. Results: Out of 100 semen samples, 20% were positive for C. trachomatis, 3% were positive for L. monocytogenes, and 3% were positive for both bacteria (co-infection). The leukocyte count was higher than the normal range (0 - 1 Mil/mL) in all semen specimens. The prevalence of C. trachomatis in azoospermic patients was significantly higher than that of nonazoospermic (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the detection of L. monocytogenes (P > 0.05). Detection of C. trachomatis and L. monocytogenes had no significant association with abnormal semen parameters in asymptomatic patients (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that precise analysis of semen parameters and diagnosis of leukocytospermia in patients using the PCR can be considered as a rapid and accurate technique to detect bacteria such as C. trachomatis and L. monocytogenes in semen specimens. Therefore, the utilization of this technique in the screening programs for asymptomatic infertile couples can be helpful for early treatment.
A New Species of the Genus Zhangixalus (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) from Vietnam
Authors: NINH Hoa Thi , NGUYEN Tao Thien , ORLOV Nikolai , NGUYEN Truong Quang , ZIEGLER Thomas
Published: July 2020

We describe a new species of the genus Zhangixalus Li, Jiang, Ren & Jiang, 2019 from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam based on morphological and molecular data. In the molecular phylogenetic analyses, the new species is nested in the Zhangixalus duboisi (Ohler, Marquis, Swan & Grosjean, 2000) group, where it is sister to Z. duboisi with a genetic distance of 2.51%. The new species, Zhangixalus franki sp. nov., differs from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characters: size large, SVL 77.9–85.8 mm in males; finger webbing formula I1-1II0-1III½-0IV; dorsal surface of head and body green with dark brown spots; ventral surface grey or dark grey, white stripe along edge of jaw, insertion of limbs, and along lateral ridges of fore and hind limbs and flank, separating upper green part from lower grey part. The new species occurs in evergreen montane tropical forests at an elevation of ca 1300 m a.s.l. The new discovery brings the total number of known species in the genus Zhangixalus to 38 and the species number reported from Vietnam to nine.
Tendência temporal da prevalência dos fatores de risco e de proteção para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em belo horizonte, MG
Authors: Reis Barbara de Sá Menezes Teixeira , Machado Ísis Eloah , Freitas Maria Imaculada de Fátima , Jorge Alzira de Oliveira , Silva Alanna Gomes , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: July 2020

Introdução: as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) constituem o maior problema global de saúde e são a principal causa de morte no mundo, juntamente com seus fatores de risco conhecidos, evitáveis e passíveis de intervenção. Objetivo: analisar as tendências temporais da prevalência dos fatores de risco e proteção para as DCNTs no município de Belo Horizonte. Métodos: estudo de tendência de indicadores de fatores de risco e de proteção para DCNT do inquérito Vigitel para a cidade de Belo Horizonte entre 2006 e 2016, estratificados segundo sexo, idade e escolaridade. Para estimar a tendência, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão linear simples, considerando a=0,05. Resultados: a análise de série temporal mostrou aspectos positivos, como aumento das tendências de fatores de proteção - a prática de atividade física no lazer e o consumo recomendado de frutas e legumes. Houve também redução de fatores de risco: o tabagismo, o consumo de refrigerantes e de carne e leite com gordura, no período de 2006 a 2016. Conclusão: a vigilância dos fatores de risco e de proteção para DCNT permite identificar condicionantes sociais, econômicos e ambientais, e a análise dos dados por capitais pode subsidiar o planejamento de programas e ações locais de prevenção de doenças crônicas e seus fatores de risco, tanto individuais quanto coletivas.
Banho no leito a seco em pacientes com déficit no autocuidado para banho em decorrência da covid-19
Authors: Toledo Luana Vieira , Salgado Patrícia de Oliveira , Ercole Flávia Falci
Published: July 2020

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Del Tribunal de Garantías al Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Rubio Llorente Francisco
Published: July 2020

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El marco del Estado autonómico y la naturaleza, significado y efectos de los preceptos contenidos en el artículo 150 de la Constitución
Authors: García López Eloy
Published: July 2020

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La posición de las ponencias en el procedimiento legislativo del Congreso de los Diputados (I y II Legislatura): los condicionamientos técnicos y políticos
Authors: López Garrido Diego
Published: July 2020

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Sentencias y autos del Tribunal Supremo y resoluciones de la Dirección General de los Registros en que se citan, estudian o aplican preceptos constitucionales (1982)
Authors: Linde Paniagua Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Análise seminal e pós-seminal do pau-pretinho em diferentes substratos, testando resíduos na produção de mudas
Authors: Santos Jéssica Costa dos , Barros Juliana Wanessa Costa , Marinho Flavia Giseli Galvão , Sakuma Yukari de Souza , Novais Thais de Nazaré Oliveira , Carneiro Francimary da Silva
Published: July 2020

O Cenostigma tocantinum Ducke é uma espécie distribuída geograficamente no norte do Brasil, objetivou-se verificar a eficiência de diferentes resíduos agroflorestais na produção de mudas da espécie, sob a ação de diferentes substratos. O experimento foi conduzido em viveiro da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, localizado em Belém do Pará. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, totalizando 320 sementes, correspondendo a quatro tratamentos (T), com 80 sementes cada, formado de oito repetições de 10 sementes, onde (T0) terra preta; (T1) terra preta + substrato comercial em proporção 2:1; (T2) terra preta + resíduo castanha em proporção 2:1; (T3) terra preta + resíduo caroço açaí em proporção 2:1. As sementes iniciaram a germinação aos 3 dias após a data de semeadura. Os resultados encontrados no presente estudo apontam que todos os tratamentos foram eficientes, porem, nos paramentos avaliados a média do diâmetro do colo teve destaque o (T0), alturas das plantas (T1) e no número de folhas o (T2) teve maior influencia. Foi comprovado que a incorporação desses resíduos agroflorestais nos substratos, pode diminuir o uso da terra preta e obter os mesmos resultados quanto aos aspectos de vigor da muda.
Produção e avaliação de briquetes compostos por diferentes proporções de resíduos sólidos urbanos
Authors: Souza Marina Moura de , Barbosa Admilson Clayton , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Vital Benedito Rocha
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas, químicas e mecânicas de briquetes produzidos com diferentes proporções de resíduos de poda urbana, lodo de flotação, papelão ondulado e embalagens cartonadas. Os briquetes foram produzidos em escala laboratorial, utilizando pressão de 1200 PSI, temperatura 120oC e utilizando como base os resíduos de poda urbana. Para avaliação dos briquetes foram determinadas as seguintes propriedades: densidade aparente, resistência à compressão, umidade de equilíbrio higroscópico, poder calorífico, densidade energética, teor de voláteis, carbono fixo e cinzas. De acordo com os resultados, observou-se que a adição de lodo na composição dos briquetes de poda urbana proporcionou incrementos na resistência e densidade, porém reduziu o poder calorífico a aumentou o teor de cinzas. A incorporação de papelão ou embalagens cartonadas na composição dos briquetes ocasionou aumento na densidade e na resistência e uma pequena redução no poder calorífico. Os briquetes produzidos em todos os tratamentos apresentaram densidade energética entre 5.000 e 6.000 kcal.m-³. Concluiu-se que os resíduos sólidos urbanos utilizados neste estudo apresentaram potencial para produção de briquetes, tornando-se uma alternativa sustentável para produção de energia.
Análise da identificação botânica em inventários florestais de planos de manejo sustentáveis no oeste paraense
Authors: Ferreira Rafael Lima Araújo , Cerqueira Roberta Macedo , Cardoso Junior Rivaldo Costa
Published: July 2020

O inventário florestal é uma importante ferramenta para o planejamento do manejo florestal sustentável, auxiliando na tomada de decisão quantos aos produtos florestais madeireiros e não madeireiros. Uma das informações mais importantes de um inventário florestal é a identificação botânica ou taxonômica, que usualmente é realizada por parabotânicos/parataxonomistas (mateiros). Estes profissionais normalmente não dispõem de metodologias científicas que garantam a correta identificação taxonômica das espécies, utilizando características morfológicas e nomes vernaculares, que por vezes são bastante variáveis de acordo com a região. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a identificação botânica e taxonômica de inventários florestais de empreendimentos do oeste Paraense que solicitaram licenciamento para Plano de Manejo Florestal Sustentável (PMFS), com foco especial nas famílias botânicas de menor representatividade (com 01 ou 02 espécies). Como resultado foi verificado uma variedade de problemas e erros relacionados aos nomes científicos e vernaculares apresentados nos projetos, entre os principais: falta do autor, erro na grafia do gênero, erro na grafia do epíteto específico, erro na grafia do autor, nomenclatura desatualizada e uso de sinônimos e/ou nomes não aceitos. Foram encontradas também espécies que não ocorrem na região norte, e outras que nem existe registro de ocorrência no Brasil, assim como táxons que não são árvores, mas constavam nos inventários. Sugerimos uma maior rigorosidade na análise destes dados pelos órgãos licenciadores e principalmente um maior compromisso das empresas de consultoria com a coleta e identificação taxonômica das espécies.
Docencia de Bioestadística en Medicina con software gratuito jamovi: una ventana de oportunidad
Authors: Santabárbara Serrano Javier , Lasheras Isabel
Published: July 2020

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Análisis de la actividad laboral de los profesionales sanitarios en formación de la Región de Murcia ante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Domingo Antonio , Madrigal Laguía Pablo , Serrano Porta Santiago , Guardiola Olmos José Ángel , Cañadilla Ferreira Marta
Published: July 2020

El presente estudio pretende analizar, ante el estado de emergencia sanitaria española (BOE Orden SND/232/2020) decretado por la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus 2019-nCoV, la situación en la que se encuentran los profesionales en formación del Servicio Murciano de Salud (SMS). Para ello se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo llevado a cabo a través de la recogida de datos mediante formulario directo, canalizado a través de la red que conforma el Comité de Empresa, habiéndose obtenido respuesta por parte de al menos un residente de cada uno de los servicios que conforman el SMS y alcanzando un tamaño de muestra que permite la total representatividad del colectivo a estudio. Se trata de un estudio que destaca por la rapidez de reclutamiento de la muestra y la rapidez en su redacción, lo que sirve como una importante herramienta para condicionar futuras políticas y decisiones en el ámbito de los profesionales en formación. La falta de acceso a material de protección por más de la mitad de la población a estudio junto con dificultades para el acceso a información actualizada por parte de la administración, son algunos de los resultados obtenidos tras el análisis de las respuestas. En general, existe una mayoría de residentes que continúan con su labor asistencial, que mantienen el número de guardias mensuales, que piensa que recibe formación oficial adecuada y que se está realizando un plan de contingencia apropiado.

The present study intends to analyze the situation of professionals in training in the Murcian Health Service (SMS) during the state of sanitary emergency in Spain (BOE Order SND/232/2020) due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV. To achieve this objective, a descriptive study has been carried out through the collection of data via direct form, channeled through the network that makes up the Comité de Empresa. A response from at least one resident of each of the services that make up the SMS has been obtained. This has allowed a sample size that represents a large amount of the group under study. This is a study that stands out for the rapid acquisition and analysis of the sample, which serves as an important tool to condition future policies and decisions in the field of professionals in training. The lack of access to protection material for more than half of the population under study, as well as difficulties in accessing updated information from the administration are some of the results obtained after analyzing the responses. Overall, there is a majority of residents that continue with their work assistance and which maintain the same number of 24-hour shifts. It is also a main opinion that there is an appropriate health training and contingency plan against COVID-19.
La videoconferencia como herramienta de educación: ¿qué debemos considerar?
Authors: Reinoso-González Eduardo
Published: July 2020

En la actualidad, la educación se ve enfrentada a una crisis sanitaria a nivel mundial que ha puesto en jaque la continuidad de los procesos de enseñanza, la propagación del virus SARS COV–2 está afectando a la mayor parte de la población debido a su alta capacidad de contagio, lo que ha llevado a tomar como medida principal el confinamiento de las personas y cierre de lugares de alta concurrencia como lo son colegios y universidades. A consecuencia de esto, la internet ha asumido el protagonismo como herramienta digital de tecnología y comunicación más utilizada en el mundo, siendo a su vez, el recurso sostén para la ejecución de videoconferencias, las cuales han tomado un protagonismo único en la formación de estudiantes de nivel superior en modalidad e-learning sincrónico, debido a la contingencia sanitaria. En virtud de ello, ¿qué debemos considerar al momento de implementar las videoconferencias?

Currently, education is faced with a global health crisis that has put the continuity of teaching processes in check, the spread of the SARS COV-2 virus is affecting most of the population due to its high contagion capacity, which has led to taking as a main measure the confinement of people and the closure of places with high attendance such as schools and universities. As a result of this, the internet has assumed prominence as the most used digital technology and communication tool in the world, being in turn, the main resource for the execution of videoconferences, which have taken a unique role in the training of students higher level in synchronous e-learning modality, due to health contingency. By virtue of this, what should we consider when implementing videoconferences?
Ethnographie dans une école primaire au pays de Galles. Une posture épistémologique d’insider/outsider
Authors: Turner Karine , Bélanger Nathalie
Published: July 2020

Cet article explore des caractéristiques d’une recherche ethnographique menée en contexte linguistique minoritaire et portant sur le rôle du personnel enseignant dans la production et la reproduction de la langue et de la culture galloises. Le rapprochement au terrain, considérant les similitudes entre l’Ontario français et le pays de Galles, autant que la distance avec celui-ci sont abordés à travers une posture originale dite d’insider/outsider. Les résultats traitent du contexte sociétal diglossique de la langue au pays de Galles, qui s’apparente à celui de l’Ontario français, et de la possibilité de mieux le comprendre à partir d’une ethnographie qui tient compte de cette posture originale épistémologique. L’apprentissage de la langue, la prise de contact avec les acteurs clés, la sensibilisation à l’histoire et aux enjeux de la minorité ainsi que le rôle enseignant sont traités. Il en ressort une contribution inédite qui renseigne ce que signifie mener une ethnographie dans un milieu linguistique minoritaire autre que celui auquel on appartient, mais avec lequel des liens sont tissés.
Les politiques scolaires et l’inclusion des élèves issus de l’immigration dans les écoles de langue française en Ontario
Authors: Gérin-Lajoie Diane
Published: July 2020

L’école de langue française en Ontario a toujours représenté pour les francophones de cette province un élément essentiel pour la survie de la communauté. Avec une population scolaire de nos jours des plus diverses, cette institution a d’abord fait face à une anglicisation graduelle au sein des élèves pour ensuite ouvrir ses portes aux jeunes de parents immigrants venus s’établir en Ontario, surtout dans les régions de Toronto et d’Ottawa à l’origine. Les jeunes issus de l’immigration font face à des défis importants dans leur intégration sociale et scolaire. L’article examine le discours politique officiel sur l’inclusion des jeunes issus de l’immigration dans les écoles de langue française de l’Ontario. C’est à travers l’examen de politiques scolaires et de documents clés sur la question que se situe ma réflexion. J’arrive à la conclusion que depuis le début du nouveau millénaire, il ne fait pas de doute que des efforts ont été entrepris pour faciliter l’inclusion des élèves immigrants dans les écoles. Néanmoins, le discours officiel se fonde toujours sur des principes qui limitent une véritable inclusion en insistant sur l’importance d’une identité francophone unique au lieu de miser sur une meilleure compréhension des enjeux par les élèves.
La littératie en santé chez les personnes présentant des troubles mentaux graves
Authors: Fortin Marie-Pier , Lavoie Mélissa , Dufour Isabelle , Chouinard Maud-Christine
Published: July 2020

Le Plan d’action 2015-2020 en santé mentale du Québec vise, chez les personnes présentant des troubles mentaux graves, le développement d’une autonomie optimale dans la société et l’utilisation adéquate des services de santé. Néanmoins, à ce jour, un manque de données est rapporté au Québec, sur la capacité des personnes présentant des troubles mentaux à accéder, à comprendre et à utiliser l’information relative à la santé, ce qui correspond au concept de littératie en santé (LS). Une étude descriptive quantitative a été menée pour décrire la LS chez les personnes présentant des troubles mentaux graves et demeurant dans la communauté de Dolbeau-Mistassini, au Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean (Québec). Les données ont été collectées à l’aide de trois questionnaires autorapportés, incluant le Questionnaire sur la littératie en santé (QLS). Ce questionnaire permet de décrire la LS à partir de 9 dimensions, afin de soulever les besoins individuels, organisationnels et sociaux en lien avec la LS des personnes ciblées. Les résultats obtenus auprès des participants (n = 30) ont montré que la LS était plus faible dans la dimension « Comprendre l’information relative à la santé ». Les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence la nécessité d’adapter les interventions éducatives chez cette population. Cette adaptation pourrait permettre à cette population de mieux intégrer le contenu de l’enseignement reçu, tout en privilégiant l’accompagnement d’un proche lors de la rencontre avec un professionnel de la santé.
Les enjeux de littératie dans la communication aux parents du diagnostic de trouble du spectre de l’autisme chez l’enfant
Authors: Valderrama Alena , Courcy Isabelle , Weis-Heitner Lindsay , Forgeot d’Arc Baudouin
Published: July 2020

Informer les parents dont l’enfant vient de recevoir un diagnostic de trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) est un enjeu majeur. Il est nécessaire de mieux comprendre comment les parents interprètent et s’approprient cette information dans leur vie quotidienne afin de mieux répondre à leurs besoins.

Objectif Mettre en évidence les besoins d’information, le processus de recherche d’information à partir de cadre conceptuel de la littératie en santé (accès, compréhension, interprétation et utilisation) ainsi que les obstacles et les éléments facilitateurs rencontrés.

Méthode Une recherche qualitative auprès de groupes de discussion a été menée avec des parents d’enfants ayant reçu un diagnostic de TSA dans les deux dernières années. Deux des trois groupes étaient formés de parents présentant des facteurs de risque associés à un faible niveau de littératie : monoparentalité, faible scolarité, sans-emploi, immigration récente.

Résultats Un manque généralisé d’information sur l’autisme et des préoccupations quant à la qualité de l’information trouvée sur Internet sont constatés. Tous les parents ont exprimé leur difficulté à comprendre l’information présentée. Le nombre d’obstacles rencontrés par ces derniers dans la recherche d’information s’est révélé être amplifié par des besoins importants de soutien social.

Conclusion Ces résultats soulèvent la nécessité de mieux répondre aux besoins d’information des parents en adaptant les outils proposés en termes d’accès et de compréhension pour la prise de décisions. En plus du soutien informationnel, il demeure crucial d’offrir différentes formes de soutien social, et ce, tout particulièrement aux parents en situation de vulnérabilité. Des propositions pour améliorer la communication sur l’autisme autour du diagnostic sont proposées.
Identificación, clasificación y control: estrechos vínculos analizados desde las prácticas artísticas en el corazón de la Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Idárraga Hugo Felipe
Published: July 2020

La inteligencia artificial (IA) está antecedida de una historia que se remonta a antiguos esfuerzos por crear seres con movimiento e inteligencia artificiales. El objetivo de este artículo es destacar cómo en esta historia, que incluye los desarrollos actuales en el campo del machine learning (ML) y de las redes neuronales profundas (RNP), las tareas de vigilancia y control por medio de la identificación y clasificación de personas, cosas o eventos del mundo, han sido medulares tanto en los mitos o las teorías sobre autómatas, homúnculos, androides, robots o cíborgs, así como en los diferentes intentos por materializarlos. Se afirmará, además, que los deseos y esfuerzos por imaginar y crear estos seres no son ni inocentes ni circunstanciales; más bien, provienen en gran medida de una visión patriarcal del mundo en la que todo lo existente debe ser sometido a una vigilancia que asegure un control sobre lo real. Para ello se recurrirá, por un lado, a historias que evidencien el predominio de estas tareas y la visión del mundo que detrás de ellas se esconde, y, por el otro, a prácticas artísticas y representaciones estéticas que han cuestionado el funcionamiento identificatorio y clasificatorio de la IA como medio de vigilancia y control.
Intelligent Environments and Public Art
Authors: Mendelowitz Eitan
Published: July 2020

Intelligent environments combine the promise of ubiquitous computing with artificial intelligence and are increasingly being used in public art. The agent-based approach to artificial intelligence (AI) uses the intelligence function to characterize agent-based behavior. The inputs to the intelligence function, perception of the environment and the agent's internal state, combined with the outputs of the function, actuation and changes in internal state, provides a lens with which to categorized AI-based public art. Such works can be classified as generative, reactive, interactive, learning, or static. To illustrate this taxonomy, this paper gives examples of public artworks that fit into each of the five categories and uses the taxonomy to suggest new areas of creative inquiry.
Ask not what AI can do for art... but what art can do for AI
Authors: Tromble Meredith
Published: July 2020

What can art do for artificial intelligence? This essay circles around this question from a viewpoint grounded in the embodied knowledge base of contemporary art. The author employs the term “feelthink” to refer to the shifting webs of perception, emotion, thought, and action probed by artists engaging AI. Tracing several metaphors used by artists to consider AI, the author identifies points where the metaphors delaminate, pulling away from the phenomena to which they refer. The author advocates for these partial and imagistic understandings of AI as probes which, despite or because of their flaws, contribute important ideas for the development and cultural positioning of AI entities. The author further questions the limited scope of art ideas addressed in AI research and proposes a thought experiment in which art joins industry as a source of questions for developing artificial intelligences. In conclusion, the essay’s structuring metaphor is described as an example of “feelthink” at work.
Tracking cells in epithelial acini by light sheet microscopy reveals proximity effects in breast cancer initiation
Authors: Alladin Ashna , Chaible Lucas , Garcia del Valle Lucia , Sabine Reither , Loeschinger Monika , Wachsmuth Malte , Hériché Jean-Karim , Tischer Christian , Jechlinger Martin
Published: July 2020

Cancer clone evolution takes place within tissue ecosystem habitats. But, how exactly tumors arise from a few malignant cells within an intact epithelium is a central, yet unanswered question. This is mainly due to the inaccessibility of this process to longitudinal imaging together with a lack of systems that model the progression of a fraction of transformed cells within a tissue. Here, we developed a new methodology based on primary mouse mammary epithelial acini, where oncogenes can be switched on in single cells within an otherwise normal epithelial cell layer. We combine this stochastic breast tumor induction model with inverted light-sheet imaging to study single-cell behavior for up to four days and analyze cell fates utilizing a newly developed image-data analysis workflow. The power of this integrated approach is illustrated by us finding that small local clusters of transformed cells form tumors while isolated transformed cells do not.
Early life adversity decreases pre-adolescent fear expression by accelerating amygdala PV cell development
Authors: Manzano Nieves Gabriela , Bravo Marilyn , Baskoylu Saba , Bath Kevin G
Published: July 2020

Early life adversity (ELA) is associated with increased risk for stress-related disorders later in life. The link between ELA and risk for psychopathology is well established but the developmental mechanisms remain unclear. Using a mouse model of resource insecurity, limited bedding (LB), we tested the effects of LB on the development of fear learning and neuronal structures involved in emotional regulation, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). LB delayed the ability of peri-weanling (21 days old) mice to express, but not form, an auditory conditioned fear memory. LB accelerated the developmental emergence of parvalbumin (PV)-positive cells in the BLA and increased anatomical connections between PL and BLA. Fear expression in LB mice was rescued through optogenetic inactivation of PV-positive cells in the BLA. The current results provide a model of transiently blunted emotional reactivity in early development, with latent fear-associated memories emerging later in adolescence.
Molecular determinants of large cargo transport into the nucleus
Authors: Paci Giulia , Zheng Tiantian , Caria Joana , Zilman Anton , Lemke Edward A
Published: July 2020

Nucleocytoplasmic transport is tightly regulated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Among the thousands of molecules that cross the NPC, even very large (>15 nm) cargoes such as pathogens, mRNAs and pre-ribosomes can pass the NPC intact. For these cargoes, there is little quantitative understanding of the requirements for their nuclear import, especially the role of multivalent binding to transport receptors via nuclear localisation sequences (NLSs) and the effect of size on import efficiency. Here, we assayed nuclear import kinetics of 30 large cargo models based on four capsid-like particles in the size range of 17–36 nm, with tuneable numbers of up to 240 NLSs. We show that the requirements for nuclear transport can be recapitulated by a simple two-parameter biophysical model that correlates the import flux with the energetics of large cargo transport through the NPC. Together, our results reveal key molecular determinants of large cargo import in cells.
Turning away from danger
Authors: Liu Jun , Scholz Monika
Published: July 2020

The flexible escape behavior exhibited by C. elegans in response to threats relies on a combination of feedback and feedforward circuits.