bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sueño, muerte y redención en los poemas oníricos de Sor Juana y Bernardo Ortiz de Montellano
Authors: Salazar Quintana Luis Carlos
Published: November 2022

Hasta hace no mucho tiempo, cuando Freud publicó La interpretación de los sueños (1899) –primero de muchos tratados que vendrían a desarrollar la psicología y la neurología como disciplinas científicas–, este fenómeno de la mente había sido objeto de diversas elucubraciones y creencias, posturas filosóficas y místicas, asignándole poderes de adivinación y magia, ascesis y epifanía, catarsis y conocimiento trascendental. La asimilación del sueño podríamos verla, en otras palabras, como el resultado de una construcción histórica y cultural alimentada por diversas manifestaciones –los ritos órficos, el hermetismo o la alquimia– que son el atanor que conduce los impulsos creativos de gran parte de los artistas de nuestro haber literario...
Mülkiye ile Hariciye Arasında Bir Ömür: Hariciye Nazırı Kürt Said Paşa [1834-1907]
Authors: HIZLI Kasım , KURT Aydın
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemi Hariciye Nazırlarından Mehmed Said Paşa’nın biyografisi ortaya konmuştur. Memuriyet hayatı Tanzimat devrinde başlayan Said Paşa’nın Mülkiye ve Hariciye arasında salınan kariyeri süresince müdahil olduğu olaylar incelenmiştir. Paşanın Mülkiye görevleri ve Hariciye nazırlıkları döneminde imparatorluğu ilgilendiren temel sorunlar ele alınmış, bu sorunların Said Paşa’nın kariyerine yaptığı etkiler tespit edilmiştir. Paşanın Mülkiye mesleği içindeki görev alanları imparatorluğun sınır bölgelerindeki mutasarrıflık ve vilayetlerden oluşmaktadır. Suriye Vilayeti Umur-ı Ecnebiye Müdürlüğü (politika memurluğu) görevinden itibaren stratejik önemdeki idari birimlerde ve teftiş komisyonlarında görev almıştır. Bu görevlerde edindiği birikim, paşayı Hariciye Nazırlığına taşımıştır. Said Paşa’nın Hariciye Nazırlığı dönemine ait temel meseleler Doğu Rumeli, Berlin Kongresi, Ermeni Meselesi ve zenci esir ticareti konularıdır. Yönetim gücünün Babıali’den Yıldız Sarayı’na geçtiği bir dönemde görev yapan Said Paşa’nın II. Abdülhamid idaresi içindeki konumu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmayla Hariciye Nazırlığı gibi önemli bir makamda kesintisiz en uzun süre görev yapan devlet adamlarından biri olan Said Paşa’nın Tanzimat’tan II. Abdülhamid dönemine uzanan hayatı ve politik faaliyetlerine ışık tutulmuştur.
Pump Schedule Optimization for Hydraulic Fracturing of a Single Fracture
Authors: Bailey William J.
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a generalized methodology for hydraulic fracturing pump schedule (PS) optimization to maximize a stated objective function. The methodology is illustrated using an example where the objective function of interest is return on investment (RoI) of a single planar fracture in a horizontally layered tight gas reservoir. The method considers both deterministic optimization and optimization under uncertainty with a stepwise solution and the core algorithms described. The resultant PS is operationally realizable, and the results are compared against a base case.
Diagnostic value of spiral CT energy spectrum imaging in pathological differentiation of colorectal cancer
Authors: Li， Ze-mao , Shi， Qian-qian , Feng， Li , Wang， Xing-wen , Zhou， Wei , Zhang， Hui-ying , Chen Wei-bin
Published: November 2022

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of CT energy spectrum imaging in predicting preoperative pathological differentiation of colorectal cancer patients.
Methods: From 2019 September to 2021 November, a retrospective study was performed for the eighty-two patients with colorectal cancer through preoperative colonoscopy or surgical pathology confirmed in our hospital. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into middle and high differentiation group (62 cases) and low differentiation group (20 cases). GE Revolution CT scanner was used to scan the patients with energy spectrum imaging, in the arterial and venous phase, it measured and recorded the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev and various energy spectrum parameters of lymph nodes around the lesions. And statistically analyze the above indices.
Result: In arterial phase: the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev in the low differentiation group were higher than those in the medium and high differentiation group (all P <0.05); IC(Iodine concentration), NIC(Normalized iodine concentration) and λ(the slope of the energy spectrum curve) of colorectal cancer in low differentiation group were higher than that in medium and high differentiation group(all P<0.05). The ROC (receiver operating curve) showed that the AUC (area under the curve) of the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev were less than 0.800. The AUC of IC and NIC were 0.800 and 0.828 respectively; the highest AUC of the combination of IC and NIC was 0.850. In venous phase: the single energy CT values from 40kev to 130kev in the low differentiation group were higher than those in the medium and high differentiation group(all P<0.05), and IC, NIC, λ and Eff-Z(Effective-Z) of colorectal cancer in low differentiation group were higher than that in the medium and high differentiation group(all<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the single energy CT values from 40kev to 90kev were higher than 0.800. The AUC of IC, NIC, λ and Eff-Z were 0.927, 0.882, 0.859 and 0.863 respectively; the parameters were combined in pairs, IC and λ achieved the highest AUC, and the highest AUC was 0.934. Three parameters were combined, IC, NIC and λ achieved the highest AUC, and the highest AUC was 0.942, the combined AUC of the four was 0.943. Compared with the arterial phase, the single energy CT values from 40kev to 90kev and energy spectrum parameters in venous phase had better diagnostic efficacy in predicting different degrees of differentiation of colorectal cancer.
Conclusions: Parameters of energy spectrum CT imaging can better predict the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer before operation and provide imaging basis for clinicians.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Hemodialysis Among Medicare Beneficiaries in Five Northeastern States, January 2019-December 2020
Authors: Andes Linda , Nelson Christina A. , Pavkov Meda E. , Burrows Nilka Ríos , Novosad Shannon A. , Armstrong Paige A. , Kulkarni Aniket D.
Published: November 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic in the United States is on-going and has impacted healthcare practices substantially. Consistent access to healthcare and, particularly, dialysis services are essential to the management of end stage renal disease (ESRD). The objective of this analysis was to examine patterns of outpatient hemodialysis utilization and outcomes of ESRD and COVID-19 in the 5 states with highest incidence of COVID-19 during the early stages of the pandemic.
Methods: We used data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to examine trends in receipt of outpatient hemodialysis in 2019 and 2020 among Medicare beneficiaries with fee-for-service (FFS) coverage.
Results: We found that average monthly hemodialysis rates for beneficiaries with ESRD without COVID-19 were stable over time at average monthly rates of between 2.5 and 2.8 sessions per person per week in both 2019 and 2020. Beneficiaries with COVID-19, both with and without pre-existing ESRD, had hemodialysis rates that varied monthly with an average of 2.5 sessions per week per person. Adjusted death rates were highest among beneficiaries with COVID-19 and pre-existing ESRD, followed by beneficiaries with COVID-19 and no pre-existing ESRD. There was little within-group variation in hemodialysis utilization by race/ethnicity but age- and sex- adjusted death rates varied considerably by racial and ethnic group.
Conclusions: Dialysis facilities were able to provide hemodialysis sessions at typical rates despite challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, patients with ESRD who contracted COVID-19 had remarkably high death rates, highlighting the need for ongoing efforts to protect at-risk populations from COVID-19.
Molecular Epidemiology of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Small Ruminants in Iran
Authors: Babaoglu Ali Riza , Mahzounieh Mohammadreza , Dagalp Seval Bilge
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Recent outbreaks of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in Turkey’s Marmara region and in Europe (Georgia and Bulgaria) highlight the potential risk of PPR spreading to a larger geographic area. In order to achieve a successful eradication program, evaluating epidemiological data prior to developing disease control strategies is an essential criterion.
Material and Methods: A total of 341 animal specimens from sheep (n = 271) and goats (n = 70) with suspected PPRV infection were collected. The RT-real time-qPCR assay based on nucleoprotein (N) with a plasmid standard reference, which is rapid and sensitive for the diagnosis of infection, was used for the detection of PPRV nucleic acid.
Results:In the RT-real time-qPCR assay, a positivity rate of 29,91% was detected for PPRV nucleic acid. Sequence analysis of sixteen samples from different provinces of Iran showed nucleotide homology of 96,8-100% between them, 97,6-100% for reference isolate Turkey00, and 88,2-89% for the Nigeria 75/1 vaccine strain. The analysis of the secondary protein structure of the approximately 80 amino acid long region of the nucleoprotein in the sixteen viral sequences revealed structural similarity in the alpha-helix and beta-leaf structures for all PPRV strains of Iranian origin, except for two viruses. In the phylogenetic tree, PPRVs circulating in Iran belong to lineage IV and are closely related to the Turkey00 isolate previously found in Iran.
Conclusion:Based on the results of this study, PPRV infection is considered endemic in Iran once again.
Team effectiveness: epidemiologists' perception of collective performance during emergency response
Authors: Parry Amy Elizabeth , Richardson Alice , Kirk Martyn , Colquhoun Samantha , Durrheim David N , Housen Tambri
Published: November 2022

Background
To describe epidemiologists’ experience of team dynamics and leadership during emergency response, and explore the utility of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) tool during future public health emergency responses. The TEAM tool included categories for leadership, teamwork, and task management.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey between October 2019 and February 2020 with the global applied field epidemiology workforce. To validate the TEAM tool for our context, we used exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results
We analysed 166 completed surveys. Respondents included national and international emergency responders with representation of all WHO regions. We were unable to validate the TEAM tool for use with epidemiology teams involved in emergency response, however descriptive analysis provided insight into epidemiology emergency response team performance. We found female responders were less satisfied with response leadership than male counterparts, and national responders were more satisfied across all survey categories compared to international responders
Conclusion
Functional teams are a core attribute of effective public health emergency response. Our findings have shown a need for a greater focus on team performance. We recommend development of a fit-for-purpose performance management tool for teams responding to public health emergencies. The importance of building and supporting the development of the national workforce is another important finding of this study.
Heating Up the Planet – A Fresh Hot Look at Global Warming
Authors: Lemos Francisco , Lemos Maria Amélia
Published: November 2022

Global warming is an inescapable phenomenon that seems to be unquestionably linked with Human activity, in particular with the way Humanity uses energy, and constitutes one of the most important challenges we are facing in the near future. The occurrence of global warming is being linked to the emissions of gases with a greenhouse effect, that is, gases that can trap heat in the atmosphere and, thus, induce an imbalance between the energy the Earth receives and the one that it is able to emit back into space. This imbalance induces an accumulation that is credited as responsible for the warming of the atmosphere. In this paper, we take a different view, based on a thermodynamic analysis, of the overall world’s energy production/consumption system and raise the issue that the warming of the atmosphere is likely to be affected by the energy system in more ways than this imbalance between energy intake and energy release due to the emissions of greenhouse gases and that it may be directly influenced by the generation and use of energy itself. The main conclusion that we reach from our calculations is that the amount of energy that is currently being produced on a global scale can actually make a significant contribution, if not the major contribution, to the current increase in atmospheric temperature.
A Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Anomaly Detection in Computer Networks
Authors: Rafeh Reza , Najafi Mehdi
Published: November 2022

With the rapid expansion of computer networks, their security has become an attractive topic for researchers. Intrusion detection is known as one of the main techniques for retaining security in computer networks. Intrusion detection systems are divided into two categories: misuse detection and anomaly detection. Misuse detection techniques work based on the known attack patterns and have high detection rates. However, they are unable to detect new attacks. Anomaly detection techniques can detect new attacks, but they suffer from a high false alarm rate. An anomaly detection system often uses many features some of which may have no impact on detection. Some features may even adversely affect the detection rate. Feature selection can significantly improve the performance of an intrusion detection system. The main task of a feature selector is finding an optimal subset of features to improve the prediction accuracy. In this paper, a new hybrid evolutionary algorithm based on the imperialist competitive and genetic algorithm is proposed to select the optimal features for an anomaly detection system. The algorithm has been evaluated using the KDD99 dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a high detection rate and a low false alarm rate and outperforms the existing similar algorithms in terms of prediction accuracy. In addition, the proposed algorithm converges very fast and can quickly find optimal features which can make it suitable for being used in lightweight intrusion detection systems.
High-pressure polymorphs in bulk silicon formed at relativistic laser intensity
Authors: Rode Andrei , Rapp Ludovic , Matsuoka Takeshi , Firestein Konstantin , Sagae Daisuke , Habara Hideaki , Mukai Keiichiro , Tanaka Kazuo , Gamaly Eugene , Kodama Ryosuke , Seto Yusuke , Shobu Takahisa , Tominaga Aki , Smillie Lachlan , Pikuz Tatiana , Haberl Bianca , Yabuuchi Toshinori , Togashi Tadashi Togashi Tadashi , Inubushi Yuichi , Yabashi Makina , Juodkazis Saulius , Golberg Dmitri , Ozaki Norimasa
Published: November 2022

Silicon polymorphs with exotic electronic and optical properties have recently attracted significant attention due to the wide range of useful bandgap characteristics1,2,3,4. They are typically formed by high pressure techniques, which put limitations on the sample volumes and their crystal structure5,6,7,8,9,10. This constitutes a major obstacle to study these polymorphs and their incorporation into existing technology. Here, we report on a new approach to create unusual crystal structures deep into the bulk of a silicon wafer by MeV-electrons generated by laser irradiation at ultra-relativistic intensity above ~2x10^18 W/cm2. Strong repulsion between the electrons, their branching due to self-generated magnetic field and nonlinear relativistic effects11,12,13 enhance deposition of their energy deep into the target and form high energy density conditions leading to ionisation, followed by fast quenching and restructuring into new crystal arrangements14,15,16,17,18. Analysis by Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of nanocrystals formed in the irradiated samples provide compelling evidence of the formation of metastable Si phases. The unexplored domain of material transformations exposed to laser-produced MeV-electrons opens new pathways for the conversion into new crystal structures applicable to a wide range of materials at considerably larger quantity, all preserved for further studies and exploitation.
An in – silico perspective on the role of methylation-related genes in wheat – Fuarium graminearum interaction
Authors: Kharbikar Lalit , Shanware Arti S. , Nandanwar Shweta K. , Saharan Mahender S. , Marathe Ashish , Mishra Neeti Sanan , Edwards Simon G.
Published: November 2022

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a most important crop among the cereals, accounts for over 20% of the total calories and protein available in human food. However, Fusarium graminearum, a devastating Fusarium head blight (FHB) pathogen of wheat, poses a greater threat to quality wheat grain production as it produces obnoxious mycotoxins. Presently, FHB is a minor disease in India but can cause significant yield and quality losses if rain occurs during mid-anthesis. In plants, epigenetics including DNA methylation and sRNA accumulation regulates gene expression and plays a definitive role in the adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. In a previous study response of wheat to F. graminearum was investigated through transcriptome analysis of lines differing for 2DL FHB resistance QTLs. However, a comprehensive analysis of methylation-related genes in response to pathogen was not performed in that study or any other studies. We re-analyzed the RNA-Seq data of said study to reveal the roles of methylation-related genes in response to F. graminearum. Sixteen methylation-related genes were down-regulated in a susceptible line, 2-2890 (pedigree of line). GO associated these genes with L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine and S-adenosylmethionine and steroid biosynthesis (p-value 0.001). Co-expression analysis of this NIL with methionine S-methyl-transferase gene (MSM; TraesCS1A02G013800) resulted in 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR; TraesCS5A02G269300). HMGCR was negatively correlated (-1.00) with genes encoding pathogenesis-related and detoxification proteins and xylanase inhibitors. GO associated these genes with methionine S-methyl transferase (p-value 0.001). Expression of HMGCR was higher (Log2 levels from 3.25 to 4.00) in pathogen inoculated compared to MSM (Log2 levels from 1.25 to 3.25) in mock-inoculated samples. 43 genes were down-regulated by miR9678. These genes are associated with responses to biotic stimulus and glucan endo-1,4-beta-glucanase in GO.
A new CECR1 mutation associated with severe hematological involvement in ADA2 deficiency
Authors: Nicoara Delia , Nita Cristina , Stanila Ana , Martiniuc Alexandru , Popa Laura , Petrescu Eliana , Bataneant Mihaela , Ciofu Ruxandra , Gurita Adriana , Tabacaru Radu , Ionescu Ruxandra , Groseanu Laura
Published: November 2022

Background: The deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is an autosomal recessively inherited disease resulting from loss-of-function mutations in ADA2, formerly named CECR1 (cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 1) gene. Disease manifestations could be separated into three major phenotypes: inflammatory/vascular, immune dysregulatory and hematologic, however, most patients presented with significant overlap between these three phenotype groups. Due to its large heterogeneity, DADA2 is often mistaken with other connective tissue diseases. Over 60 DADA2-associated mutations have been identified so far, still we describe a new mutation with possible relation to severe hematological involvement
Case presentation: We present a case of DADA2 deficiency with disease onset at 3 years old with fever, oligoarthritis, mouth sores and recurrent episodes of neutropenia misdiagnosed as Behcet disease, then systemic lupus erythematosus. At the age of 18 she developed gastrointestinal vasculitis complicated with multiple bowel resections, enterocutaneous fistulas and lower limb ischemia. Genetic testing reveals heterozygous mutations at positions 139 (exon 2) and 661_664 (exon 4) of the coding sequence of ADA2 (c.139G>A, c.661_664del), resulting respectively in amino acid substitution p.Gly47Arg and premature translational stop signal p.Ala221Glnfs*45 in ADA2. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with ADA2 deficiency. TNF blockers were started but the patient died due to septic complications related to severe, nonresponsive pancytopenia.
Conclusions: Our case highlights the valuable diagnostic benefit of early specific genetic testing for patients with complex unclear diseases in which vasculopathy/vasculitis, dysregulated immune function and/or hematologic abnormalities may predominate.
The December 2020 Magnitude (Mw) 6.4 Petrinja earthquake, Croatia: Seismological aspects, emergency response and impacts
Authors: Atalić Josip , Demšić Marija , Baniček Maja , Uroš Mario , Dasović Iva , Prevolnik Snježan , Kadić Alen , Novak Marta Šavor , Nastev Miroslav
Published: November 2022

On December 29, 2020, nine months after the MarchMw5.4 Zagreb earthquake and amidst the COVID-19 lockdown, a devastatingMw6.4 earthquake struck near the town of Petrinja, about 50 km SE from the country’s capital Zagreb. It was preceded by theMw4.9 foreshock from the day before. The main shock claimed 7 fatalities and caused widespread damage. Historical centers of nearby cities with invaluable heritage buildings were significantly affected as were the many residential buildings, built mainly of unreinforced masonry. Damage was observed as far as 60 km from the epicenter. This paper summarizes the seismological aspects of theMw6.4 Petrinja earthquake, the emergency response and the main impacts to people and buildings. The description and findings are based on the field observations and a series of post-earthquake activities led by the team of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb. Typical damage to buildings and usability data are presented with examples based on 50,000 inspection results. By far the most affected were the unreinforced masonry buildings, followed by confined masonry, whereas reinforced concrete buildings were the least affected. The total direct and indirect losses are estimated to 4.8 billion EUR. The provided information represents a useful basis and impetus for improving emergency action and long-term disaster reduction plans in other regions with similar building exposure and seismotectonic settings.
Constructing Interconnected Asymmetric Conductive Network in TPU Fibrous Film：Achieving Low-Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Surperior Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Zhang Yang , Yang Shengdu , Zhang Qi , Ma Zhuyu , Guo YingJian , Shi Meng , Wu Hong , Guo Shaoyun
Published: November 2022

Highly efficient and low-reflection electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites are of great significance to modern electronic devices. Furthermore, it is crucial to simultaneously achieve high EMI shielding performance with low reflectivity and superior thermal management capability in the composites. Herein, silver nanowires (AgNWs) layer was first introduced onto the electrospun TPU fibrous film decorated by Fe3O4@MWCNTs. The unique asymmetric conductive network with interconnected thermally conductive path was successfully constructed from the TPU/Fe3O4@MWCNTs fibrous film at the bottom for electromagnetic wave absorption, and the AgNWs layer at the upper for EMI shielding. The resultant film showed remarkable conductivity (2.22 ´ 105 S/m), excellent EMI shielding effectiveness up to 78.48 dB and a low reflection coefficient value of 0.56. Moreover, the film exhibited a superhigh in-plane thermal conductivity of 7.83 W m-1 K-1, realized by 3D interconnected thermally conductive network of Fe3O4@MWCNTs and AgNWs. As a result, when it was served as a thermal interface material of a working LED chip, the film exhibited excellent thermal management capability. This work opens a way to fabricate low-reflection EMI shielding films with superior thermal management capability.
Survival of Patients With Cervical Cancer at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Western Kenya
Authors: Mwaliko Emily , Itsura Peter , Keter Alfred , De Bacquer Dirk , Buziba Nathan , Bastiaens Hilde , Akinyi Jackie , Obala Andrew , Naanyu Violet , Gichangi Peter , Temmerman Marleen
Published: November 2022

Background
Cervical cancer is a major health burden and the second most common cancer after breast cancer among women in Kenya. Worldwide, cervical cancer constitutes 3.1% of all cancer cases. Mortality rates are greatest in low-income countries owing to a lack of awareness, screening and early-detection programs, and adequate treatment facilities. We aimed to estimate survival rates and determine survival predictors among women with cervical cancer and limited resources in western Kenya.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the charts of women diagnosed with cervical cancer in the 2 years from the date of histologic diagnosis. The outcome of interest was 2-year mortality or survival. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression were used in the survival analysis.
Results
We included 162 women in this study. The median time from diagnosis to death was 0.8 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.3–1.6) years. The mean age at diagnosis was 50.6 (standard deviation [SD] 12.5) years. Mean parity was 5.9 (SD 2.6). Participants were followed up for 152.6 person-years. Of 162 women, 70 (43.2%) died, with an overall mortality rate of 45.9 deaths per 100 person-years of follow-up. The survival rate was significantly better for women who were managed surgically (0.44 vs. 0.88, p < 0.001), those who had medical insurance (0.70 vs. 0.48, p = 0.007), and those with early-stage disease at diagnosis (0.88 vs. 0.39, p < 0.001). Participants who were diagnosed at a late stage of disease, according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) cervical cancer staging (FIGO stage IIB–IVB), had more than an eight times increased risk of death compared with those who were diagnosed at early stages (I–IIA): hazard ratio (HR) 8.01 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.65–17.57). Similarly, women who underwent surgical management had an 84% reduced risk of mortality compared with those who were referred for other modes of care: HR 0.16 (95% CI 0.07–0.38).
Conclusion
As described in this study, the survival rate of patients with cervical cancer in Kenya is low. Many women are still diagnosed with cervical cancer when they are at very advanced stages and their likelihood of survival is very low. It is imperative to expand screening for early identification of women with cervical cancer in whom surgery can improve prognosis.
Xpert® HPV is not a useful screening tool for oral HPV among people living with HIV (PLHIV)
Authors: Admase Abigail , Joshi Samir , Borse Rohidas , Deshpande Prasad , Kulkarni Vandana , Khaire Samir , Thakur Rahul , Chavan Amol , Nimkar Smita , Mave Vidya , Marbaniang Ivan
Published: November 2022

Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RPTs) for high-risk HPV genotypes can help triage people living with HIV (PLHIV), who are at greater risk for oral cancers especially in low-and-middle-income-countries (LMICs), that have a high burden of both HIV and oral cancers. We evaluated the utility of Xpert® HPV, a RPT for oral HPV among PLHIV.
Methods: We used data from 429 PLHIV receiving care at a tertiary care hospital affiliated antiretroviral therapy center in Pune, India. Oral HPV was evaluated using oral rinse samples. Samples were classified as usable (if they were successfully processed on Xpert® HPV) or not usable (if they were not successfully processed on Xpert® HPV). Factors associated with non-usability were evaluated using logistic regression. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the Xpert® HPV for oral samples with conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: The Xpert® HPV deemed almost a third (29.8%) of the oral samples not usable for oral HPV detection. We were unable to identify factors associated with non-usability. Compared to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the sensitivity of Xpert® HPV was 6.2% and specificity 100%, for detection of oral HPV.
Conclusions: Xpert® HPV cannot be used for the detection of oral HPV among PLHIV presently. More research to optimize Xpert® HPV for oral samples is required.
The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on Promotion of Traffic Safe Behaviors in Students Running Title: Promotion of Traffic Safe Behaviors in Students
Authors: Jeihooni Ali Khani , Inalu Fatemeh Balaghi , Kiyani Amin , Harsini Pooyan Afzali , Kamyab Amirhossein
Published: November 2022

Objective: Traffic injuries are the cause of many deaths and disabilities in children, affecting them in different ways: they may be pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, and car occupants. Also, children are the victims of 21% of road deaths. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on promotion of traffic safe behaviors in students.
Method: It is a quasi-experimental study performed on 400 first and second grade primary school students of Fasa city, Fars province, Iran in 2018-2019. The data collection tools included demographic information, constructs of the theory of planned behaviour and traffic behaviours. The educational intervention for experimental group include eight education sessions of 45-50 minutes in small group discussions, question & answer, practical demonstration, videos, Power Points, and booklets.
Results: The mean age of the experimental and control groups was 7.96 ± 0.74 and 7.90 ± 0.81 years. The results showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and traffic safe behavior before the intervention.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed the effectiveness of educational intervention based on TPB of traffic safe behaviors in students. A successful educational program should be accompanied by sufficient exercises to make appropriate decisions when crossing. Since traffic issues are not included in the Iran’s education system, education needs to be systematically and practically operationalized. Developing educational packages with the topics on traffic education is suggested to be incorporated into the textbooks.
From clinical to molecular diagnosis: relevance of the MLPA in one case of recessive myotonia congenita – case report
Authors: Brugnoni Raffaella , Modoni Anna , Canioni Eleonora , Imbrici Paola , Tincheva Savina , Todorova Albena , Maggi Lorenzo , Monaco Mauro Lo
Published: November 2022

Background: Myotonia congenita (MC) is traditionally classified as Thomsen (autosomal dominant) and Becker (autosomal recessive) diseases, caused by mutations in the CLCN1, encoding the skeletal muscle voltage-gated chloride channel (ClC-1). MC is clinically characterized by muscle stiffness at the beginning of exercise (i.e. myotonia), alleviated by repetition of contraction (ie. warm-up effect).
Case presentation:We report here an Italian patient affected by diffuse muscle hypertrophy, predominant in lower limb, neck, and trapezius and difficulty in getting up from a chair after prolonged rest, suggestive of recessive MC. The combination of a specific next-generation sequencing panel for skeletal muscle channelopathies and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification for CLCN1gene, leaded to patient’s molecular characterization with the detection of the known p.G482R mutation and a novel deletion of the last 3 exons [c.(2403+1_2404-1)_*39del].
Conclusions: This report demonstrates the importance of combining multiple genetic techniques to define recessive forms of MC.
Composite Phase Change Materials Embedded into Cellulose/Polyacrylamide/Graphene Nanosheets/silver Nanowire Hybrid Aerogels Simultaneously with Effective Thermal Management and Anisotropic Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Wu Changmei , Zeng Lingjun , Chang Guojun , Zhou Ying , Yan Kang , Xie Lan , Xue Bai , Zheng Qiang
Published: November 2022

Exploiting an advanced material simultaneously with effective thermal management (TM) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capacity is ungently demanded yet challenging for the miniaturized and integrated electronics. Anisotropic networks can be impregnated with phase change materials (PCMs) to fabricate multifunctional shape-stable PCMs (ss-CPCMs) simultaneously with excellent TM and anisotropic EMI shielding, which is rarely reported. Herein, the anisotropic cellulose/polyacrylamide/graphene nanosheet/silver nanowire (CPGxAy) hybrid aerogels with excellent conductive networks were successfully prepared using directional freeze-drying method, and then utilized as supporting skeletons to embed polyethylene glycol (PEG) via vacuum-assistant impregnation. Profited by the synergistic effect of graphene nanosheets (GNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs), the resultant PEG@CPGxAy ss-CPCMs exhibit fascinating thermal conductivity (TC) of 0.84 W/m·K (195.21% increase in comparison with that of pure PEG) and anisotropic EMI shielding effectiveness of 71.08 dB along the transverse direction and 35.21 dB along the longitudinal direction, while remaining high melting and crystallization enthalpy efficiency of 93.47% and 93.08%, respectively. In addition, PEG@CPGxAy ss-CPCMs also display great shape stability, thermal stability, and cyclic reusability in the storing/releasing latent heat processes. This investigation sheds new light on designing and fabricating ss-CPCMs with pretty comprehensive properties for TM and EMI shielding of modern electronics.
H-CoNiSe2/NC Dodecahedral Hollow Structures for High-performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Ensafi Ali A. , Salehan P. , Andikaey Z. , Rezaei B.
Published: November 2022

The synergistic effect between metal ions and increasing the surface area leads to the fabrication of supercapacitor materials with high capacity. It is predicted that transition metal selenide compounds will be ideal electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, the defects of poor conductivity and volume expansion of the compounds are fundamental problems that must be solved. In this work, we successfully synthesized the cobalt-nickel selenide nitrogen-doped carbon (H-CoNiSe2/NC) hollow polyhedral composite structure using ZIF-67 as a precursor. The CoSe2 and NiSe2 nanoparticles embedded in the NC polyhedral framework offer a wealth of active sites for the whole electrode. Moreover, the presence of the NC structure in the proposed composite can simultaneously lead to improved conductivity and reduce the volume effect created during the cycling procedure. The H-CoNiSe2/NC electrodes provide high specific capacity (1131 C/g at 1.0 A/g) and outstanding cyclic stability (91.4% retention after 3000 cycles). In addition, the H-CoNiSe2/NC//AC hybrid supercapacitors deliver ultrahigh energy density and power density (81.9 Wh/kg at 900 W/kg) and excellent cycle stability (93.5% of initial capacity after 3000 cycles). This study will provide a supercapacitor electrode material with a high specific capacity for energy storage devices.
The lattice structure for the partial orders induced by uninorms with the underlying t-norms (t-conorms ) TD (SD)
Authors: Liu Zhi-qiang
Published: November 2022

In this article, the lattice structure for the partial orders induced by uninorms with divisible (resp. non-divisible) the underlying t-norms and t-conorms is characterized. We first obtain the conditions for the partial orders induced by uninorms to be a lattice. Then we completely characterize the distributivity of the lattice structure for the partial orders induced by uninorms.
JWST reveals a possible z ∼ 11 galaxy merger in triply-lensed MACS0647–JD
Authors: Hsiao Tiger Yu-Yang , Coe Dan , Abdurro'uf Abdurro'uf , Whitler Lily , Jung Intae , Khullar Gourav , Meena Ashish Kumar , Dayal Pratika , Barrow Kirk , Santos-Olmsted Lillian , Casselman Adam , Vanzella Eros , Nonino Mario , Jimenez-Teja Yolanda , Oguri Masamune , Stark Daniel , Furtak Lukas , Zitrin Adi , Adamo Angela , Brammer Gabriel , Bradley Larry , Diego Jose M. , Zackrisson Erik , Finkelstein Steven , Windhorst Rogier , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Hutchison Taylor , Broadhurst Thomas , Dimauro Paola , Andrade-Santos Felipe , Eldridge Jan , Acebron Ana , Avila Roberto , Bayliss Matthew , Benitez Alex , Binggeli Christian , Bolan Patricia , Bradac Marusa , Carnall Adam , Conselice Christopher , Donahue Megan , Frye Brenda , Fujimoto Seiji , Henry Alaina , James Bethan , Kassin Susan , Kewley Lisa , Larson Rebecca , Lauer Tod , Law David , Mahler Guillaume , Mainali Ramesh , McCandliss Stephan , Nicholls David , Pirzkal Norbert , Postman Marc , Rigby Jane , Ryan Russell , Senchyna Peter , Sharon Keren , Shimizu Ikko , Strait Victoria , Tang Mengtao , Trenti Michele , Vikaeus Anton , Welch Brian
Published: November 2022

Galaxies have formed from the repeated mergers of small star-forming clumps over cosmic time, with some small galaxies left over even today, such as the Magellanic clouds. JWST has now discovered two such small galaxies within the first 430 billion years, that are seen close to the very start of this process. MACS0647--JD is a triply-lensed $z \sim 11$ galaxy originally discovered with the \emph{Hubble Space Telescope}. Here we report new JWST imaging, which clearly resolves MACS0647--JD as having two components that are either merging galaxies or stellar complexes within a single galaxy. The brighter larger component ``A'' is intrinsically very blue ($\beta \sim -2.6$), likely due to very recent star formation and no dust, and is spatially extended with an effective radius $\sim70\,{\rm pc}$. The smaller component ``B'' appears redder ($\beta \sim -2$), likely because it is older (100--200\,Myr) with mild dust extinction ($A_V \sim 0.1$\,mag), and a smaller radius $\sim20\,{\rm pc}$. We identify galaxies with similar colors in a high-redshift simulation, finding their star formation histories to be out of phase. JWST NIRSpec observations planned for January 2023 will deliver a spectroscopic redshift and a more detailed study of the physical properties of MACS0647--JD.
Correction loss following short-segment posterior fixation for traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures related to endplate and intervertebral disc destruction
Authors: Hashimura Takumi , Onishi Eijiro , Ota Satoshi , Tsukamoto Yoshihiro , Yamashita Shinnosuke , Yasuda Tadashi
Published: November 2022

Background
Short-segment posterior fixation (SSPF) for traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures has been widely used. Few studies have addressed the association between the destruction of the vertebral endplate and adjacent disc and postoperative correction loss. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for correction loss after SSPF.
Methods
This study included 48 patients (mean age of 35.0 years) who underwent SSPF for thoracolumbar burst fracture. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 25.7 months (range, 12–98 months). Neurological status and postoperative back pain were assessed using medical records. The segmental kyphotic angle (SKA) and anterior vertebral body height ratio (AVBHR) were measured as radiographic parameters to evaluate the indirect reduction of the vertebral body and local kyphosis. The intervertebral disc and vertebral endplate injury severity were assessed using the preoperative Sander’s traumatic intervertebral disk lesions (TIDL) classification and AO classification. Correction loss was considered to be present if ΔSKA was ≥ 10°. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for postoperative correction loss.
Results
The distribution of fractures was as follows: 10 in T12, 17 in L1, 10 in L2, 9 in L3, and 2 in L4. Vertebral fractures were classified as follows: 13 patients had type A3, 11 had A4, 11 had B1, and 13 had B2. Union of the fractured vertebrae was achieved in 47 patients (98%). SKA and AVBH significantly improved after surgery from 11.6° to 3.5° and from 67.2–90.0%, respectively; however, correction loss at follow-up were 10.4° and 9.7%, respectively. Severe TIDL (Grade 3) was observed in 20 patients (42%). Patients with TIDL grade 3 showed significantly greater ΔSKA and ΔAVBHR after surgery than patients with TIDL grade 0–2. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of cranial grade 3 TIDL and an older age were significant risk for ΔSKA ≥ 10°. All patients were able to walk at final follow-up. The postoperative severe back pain was associated with TIDL grade 3 and ΔSKA ≥ 10°.
Conclusion
Severe disc and endplate destruction at injury and older age are risk factors for correction loss following SSPF for thoracolumbar burst fractures.
Thyroid dysfunction after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in a single-center Chinese cohort: a retrospective study
Authors: Wu Lingge , Xu Yan , Wang Xiang , Cheng Xinqi , Zhang Yuelun , Wang Yingyi , Fan Xinrong , Zhao Haitao , Liu He , Chai Xiaofeng , Zhang Li , Wang Mengzhao , Li Naishi , Pan Hui , Lian Xiaolan
Published: November 2022

Background
Thyroid dysfunction is a common adverse event after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. The clinical manifestations of thyroid immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are variable and the underlying mechanism is unclear.
Purpose
To identify the clinical and biochemical characteristics of Chinese patients with ICI-related thyroid dysfunction.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients with carcinoma who received ICI therapy and underwent evaluation of thyroid function during hospitalization at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2020. Clinical and biochemical features were analyzed in patients who developed ICI-related thyroid dysfunction. Survival analyses were performed to determine the effect of thyroid autoantibodies on thyroid abnormalities and the impact of thyroid irAEs on clinical outcomes.
Results
The cohort included 270 patients with a median follow-up of 17.7 months; 120 (44%) of these patients developed thyroid dysfunction on immunotherapy. The most common thyroid irAE was overt hypothyroidism (with/without transient hyperthyroidism), which occurred in 38% of patients (n = 45), followed by subclinical thyrotoxicosis (n = 42), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 27), and isolated overt thyrotoxicosis (n = 6). The median time to onset was 49 days (interquartile range 23, 93) for thyrotoxicosis and 98 days (interquartile range 51, 172) for hypothyroidism. In patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors, hypothyroidism was strongly associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29–0.67; P < 0.001), previous thyroid disease (OR 4.30, 95% CI 1.54–11.99; P = 0.005), and a higher baseline thyroid-stimulating hormone level (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.80–4.23; P < 0.001). Thyrotoxicosis was only associated with the baseline thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37–0.94; P = 0.025). Thyroid dysfunction after initiation of ICI therapy was associated with better progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.61, 95% CI 0.44–0.86; P = 0.005) and overall survival (hazard ratio 0.67, 95% CI 0.45–0.99; P = 0.046). Anti-thyroglobulin antibody positivity increased the risk of thyroid irAEs.
Conclusions
Thyroid irAEs are common and have diverse phenotypes. Heterogeneity between thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism is arising with distinct clinical and biochemical characteristics. The pathogenesis of thyroid irAEs warrants further research.
From ambient vibration data analysis to 1D ground-motion prediction of the Mj 5.9 and the Mj 6.5 Kumamoto earthquakes in the Kumamoto alluvial plain, Japan.
Authors: Hailemikael Salomon , Giulio Giuseppe Di , Milana Giuliano , Vassallo Maurizio , Bordoni Paola
Published: November 2022

We present horizontal ground motion predictions at a soft site in the Kumamoto alluvial plain for the Mj 5.9 and Mj 6.5 Kumamoto earthquakes of April 2016, in the framework of an international blind prediction exercise (http://www.esg6.jp/). Such predictions were obtained by leveraging all available information which included: i) analysis of earthquake ground motions, ii) processing of ambient vibration data (AMV) and iii) 1D ground response analysis. Spectral analysis of earthquake ground-motion data were used to obtain empirical estimates of the prediction site amplification function, with evidence of an amplification peak at about 1.2 Hz. Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis of AMV confirmed this resonance frequency and pointed out also a low frequency resonance around 0.3 Hz at the prediction site. AMV were then processed by cross-correlation, modified spatial autocorrelation and high-resolution beamforming methods to retrieve the 1D shear-wave velocity (Vs) structure at the prediction site by joint inversion of surface-wave dispersion and ellipticity curves. The use of low frequency dispersion curve and ellipticity data allowed to retrieve a reference Vs profile down to few thousand meters depth which was then used to perform 1D equivalent-linear simulations of the M 5.9 event, and both equivalent-linear and nonlinear simulations of the M 6.5 event at the target site. Adopting quantitative goodness-of-fit metrics based on time-frequency representation of the signals, we obtained fair-to-good agreement between 1D predictions and observations for the Mj 6.5 earthquake and a poor agreement for the Mj 5.9 earthquake. In terms of acceleration response spectra, while ground-motion overpredictions were obtained for the Mj 5.9 event, simulated ground motions for the Mj 6.5 earthquake severely underestimate the observations, especially those obtained by the nonlinear approach.
Extracellular vesicles maintain RNA homeostasis in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Abdi Abdirahman , Mwikali Kioko , Pence Alena , Mwangi Shaban , Goulding David , KEMP Alison , Rono Martin , Ochola-Oyier Lynette , Bull Peter , Bejon Philip , Rayner Julian
Published: November 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Rasch Analysis of Novel General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) for Chronic Illness Patients in China
Authors: Meng Xiaoxuan , Li Dongyan , Li Siyuan , Lv Qingyun , Wang Xiaoxu , Wang Yan , Zang Xiaoying , Zhang Qing , Wang Lan
Published: November 2022

Objective:This study aims to verify the efficacy of General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS), which development by Atta Abbas Naqvi, in patients with chronic diseases by Rasch analysis, and to provide targeted suggestions for subsequent revision.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the data of 312 patients from two tertiary hospitals and one community health service center in Tianjin from January to June 2020. SPSS version 22.0 was used for univariate analysis, and Winsteps V.3.74.0 was used for Rasch analysis to analyze the measurement of medication adherence.Results:The scale met the unidimensional test, the difficulty of the questions was moderate, the general medication adherence of the tested patients was suitable, and the reliability and separation index were suitable. After removing 56 samples with poor model fit, all items of the scale were fitted successfully with Rasch model, and the mean square (MNSQ) ranged from 0.76 to 1.25. The analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) showed that all items were comparable in gender and different education level. But some items had DIF in whether they had comorbidities.Conclusion:Through Rasch analysis of GMAS scale, we can conclude that the scale has better detection efficiency. It is suggested to add some items to make the scale more effective in distinguishing and identifying groups with good medication adherence. Finally, some GMAS entries need to be adjusted for use in patients with comorbidities.