bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Algorithm Guiding Local Treatment Decisions For Lung Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases
Authors: Wang Zhiyu , Sun Jing , Sun Yi , Gu Yifeng , Xu Yongming , Zhao Bizeng , Yang Mengdi , Yao Guangyu , Zhou Yiyi , li Yuehua , Du Dongping , Zhao Hui
Published: December 2020

Background: As life expectancy increases for lung cancer patients who develop bone metastases, the need for personalized local treatment for bone metastases is expanding.Methods: Lung cancer patients with bone metastases were treated by a multidisciplinary team via surgery, percutaneous osteoplasty, or radiation. The pre- and post-treatment visual analog scale (VAS) and Quality of Life (QoL) scores were analyzed. QoL at 12 weeks was the main outcome. Treatment-related costs and overall survival time (OS) were collected. We used machine learning to develop and test models to predict which patients should receive local treatment. Models discrimination were evaluated by the area under curve (AUC), and the best one was used for validation in clinical use. Results: Under the direction of a multidisciplinary team, 161 patients in the training set, and 32 patients in the test set underwent local treatment. A decision tree model included VAS scale, bone metastases character, Frankel classification, Mirels score, age, driver gene, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, and enolase 1 expression had a best AUC of 0.92 (95%CI 0.89 to 0.94), and 36 patients in a validation set underwent local treatment guided by the model. Improved QoL and VAS scores were observed at 12 weeks after local treatment in training, test, and validation sets (p < 0.05), with no significant differences among the three datasets. There were no significant differences in mean costs among the three datasets in the four treatment groups. OS was 18.03±0.45 months and did not significantly differ among treatment groups or the three datasets. Conclusions: Local treatment not only had no negative influence on OS but also provided significant pain relief and improved QoL. QoL, OS or costs did not significantly differ between patients whose treatment was guided by a multidisciplinary team or machine learning model. Our machine learning model using clinical data can help guide clinicians to make local treatment decisions to improve patients’ QoL.Trial registration: No. ChiCRT-ROC-16009501
Cancer Associated Fibroblast-Derived IL-6 Determines Unfavorable Prognosis in Cholangiocarcinoma By Affecting Autophagy-Associated Chemoresponse
Authors: Thongchot Suyanee , Vidoni Chiara , Ferraresi Alessandra , Loilome Watcharin Loilome , Khuntikeo Narong , Sa-Ngiamwibool Prakasit , Titapun Attapol , Isidoro Ciro , Namwat Nisana
Published: December 2020

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) massively released by cancer-associated fibroblast (CAFs) has been shown to associate with the malignant behavior of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). In vitro studies demonstrated the ability of CAFs-derived IL-6 to inhibit autophagy in CCA cells thus promoting their proliferation and invasiveness potential. Here, we aimed to validate with clinical and molecular data the hypothesis that CAFs infiltration and release of IL-6 predict poor prognosis in CCA patients following dysregulation of autophagy in cancer cells.Methods: Stromal IL-6 and cancer cell-associated autophagy proteins LC3 and p62 were assayed by Tissue MicroArray immunohistochemistry and their expression correlated with overall survival (OS) in a cohort of 70 CCA patients. Additionally, copy number and mRNA expression data of BECN1, MAP1-LC3B, p62/SQSTM1 and IL6 were extracted from a CCA database in TCGA and correlated with OS. 5-FU Cytotoxicity in CCA cells was assessed by cell counting, clonogenic assay, cytofluorometry and western blotting and immunofluorescence of apoptotic-related proteins. Results: We show that patients bearing a CCA with low production of stromal IL-6 and active autophagy flux in the cancer cells have the best prognosis and this correlates with a more effective response to post-operative chemotherapy. Similar trend was observed in CCA patients from TCGA database. In vitro experiments with primary CAFs isolated from human CCA and epigenetic manipulations showed that IL-6 plays a pivotal role in determining the autophagy-associated apoptotic response to chemotherapeutic drug in cultured human CCA cells. Conclusions: Our data support a therapeutic strategy that includes autophagy-enhancing drugs along with adjuvants limiting the stromal inflammation (i.e., the secretion of IL-6) to improve the survival of CCA patients.
NK Cells Adjuvant Therapy Reveals Obvious Survival Benefits in a Gastric Mixed Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Jin Yuan-yuan , Yang Wen-zhuo , Sun Zheng-yang , Wang Zhong-bo , Chen Jian , Wu Chun-tao , Yang Zhao-yong
Published: December 2020

Background: Advanced signet ring cell (SRC) carcinoma has a worse prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and prevention is particularly important; SRC tumours have lower R0 resection rate and are thought to be less chemosensitive than non-SRCC. Consequently, a novel postoperative adjuvant treatment is urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes.Case presentation: A 41-year-old female with paroxysmal vomiting for more than one year come to hospital for gastroscopy examination in 2015. The gastroscopy revealed signet ring cell carcinoma of gastric antrum and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in some areas. The patient was treated with radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and oxaliplatin-based regimen for 6 cycles after surgery. Natural killer (NK) cells immunotherapy was started after November 2016, three times a year, up to now, no suspicious lesions were evident, and the levels of serum tumor markers were normal.Conclusions: Intravenous injections of NK cells combination with surgical treatment and chemotherapy showed therapeutic effects in this patient with possible relapse.
Early Prediction Model for Preterm Birth Combining Demographic Characteristics and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Chen Mengfan , Xie Ni , Liang Zhaoxia , Qian Tingting , Chen Danqing
Published: December 2020

Objective. To create early prediction models for preterm birth (PTB) based on the Chinese population, combining demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics.Methods. A retrospective study on 15197 pregnant women who were recruited in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Zhejiang University from January1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. Demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics were collected and were randomly divided into the observation group (80%) and the validation group (20%). Multivariable Logistics regression analysis was performed to develop a risk prediction model in the observation group and the validation group. It was evaluated by the value of area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Finally, we got a simple scoring system to present the preterm birth risk. Results. There were 1082 pregnant women (8.9%) developed PTB in the observation group and 316 pregnant women (10.3%) in the validation group. Gravidity, educational level, residence, previous history of PTB, twin pregnancy, pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (type I or II), chronic hypertension, placenta previa, gestational hypertension were significant predictors of future PTB. These factors were all included in the model, the AUC was 0.746 with sensitivity of 61.4% (95%CI: 61.4-66.7%) and specificity of 86.6% (95%CI: 85.2-87.9%) at the threshold score of 8.Conclusion. PTB can be predicted by demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics pre-pregnancy or during pregnancy, thus predicting and preventing PTB as early as possible.
Identification of the Wheat VQ Protein Family and Expression Analysis of Candidate Genes Associated with Seed Dormancy and Germination
Authors: Cheng Xinran , Gao Chang , Liu Xue , Xu Dongmei , Pan Xu , Gao Wei , Yan Shengnan , Yao Hui , Cao Jiajia , Min Xiaoyu , Lu Jie , Chang Cheng , Zhang Haiping , Ma Chuanxi
Published: December 2020

Background: Seed dormancy and germination determine wheat pre-harvest sprouting resistance and thereby affect grain yield and quality. Arabidopsis VQ genes have been shown to influence seed germination; however, the functions of wheat VQ genes have not been characterized. Results: In this study, we identified 65 TaVQ genes in common wheat and named them TaVQ1–65. We identified 48 paralogous pairs, 37 of which had Ka/Ks values lager than 1, suggesting that most TaVQ genes have suffer positive selection. Chromosome location, gene structure, promoter element and gene ontology annotation showed that the structure of the genes determined their function and that structural change reflected functional diversity. The transcriptome expression analysis of 62 TaVQ genes and microarray analysis of 11 TaVQ genes indicated that they played important roles in diverse biological processes. We compared TaVQ gene expression and corresponding seed germination index values among wheat varieties with contrasting seed dormancy and germination phenotypes and found that 21 TaVQ genes may be related to seed dormancy and germination. Conclusions: Sixty-five TaVQ proteins were identified for the first time in common wheat, and bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary divergence. The qRT-PCR data showed that 21 TaVQ candidate genes were potentially involved in seed dormancy and germination. These findings provide effective information for further cloning and functional analysis of TaVQ genes, as well as useful candidate genes for improvement of PHS resistance in wheat.
Tongfu Huoxue Decoction Reduces Autophagy and Apoptosis to Protect Against Acute Renal Injury in a Rat Model of Sepsis
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Zixuan , Yang Qianlan , Fan Yuxin , Wang Lu , Zhang Yunhe , Du Lijian
Published: December 2020

Background: To investigate the mechanism by which Tongfu Huoxue decoction protects against acute kidney injury in sepsis in rats, and provide a new therapeutic strategy for clinical intervention.Methods: Thirty-two Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (saline), model group (lipopolysaccharide LPS group), LPS group+Tongfu Huoxue Decoction high-dose group (H group), and LPS group +Tongfu Huoxue Decoction low-dose group (L group). A rat model of acute kidney injury in sepsis was established by administration of LPS, and Tongfu Huoxue decoction was administered by gavage. The pathological and morphological changes of the kidneys were evaluated according to the levels of urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood creatinine (SCr). The expression of the inflammation-related factors IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Changes in the phosphorylation levels of the autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins LC3, beclin-1, caspase-3 and Akt were detected by Western blot analysis. Results: Compared with the model LPS group, kidney tissue damage was reduced in rats treated with Tongfu Huoxue decoction. The expression levels of inflammation-related and autophagy-related proteins in the kidney tissue of rats treated with Tongfu Huoxue decoction were significantly lower than those in the LPS group, which was showed a dose-dependent decrease in expression. After stimulation of HK-2 cells with LPS, the expression levels of the autophagy and apoptosis in the groups treated with Tongfu Huoxue decoction decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the rate of HK-2 cell apoptosis was higher in the LPS group than that in the control group, with lower rates in the H and L groups than that in the LPS group and were dose-dependent.Conclusion: Tongfu Huoxue decoction protects against acute renal injury in sepsis by reducing autophagy and apoptosis.
Estimation of economic burden of COVID-19 using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Productivity Losses in Kerala state, India
Authors: John Denny , MS Narassima , Menon Jaideep C , Jammy Guru Rajesh
Published: December 2020

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on the global economy and stressed the health care systems worldwide. Measuring the burden of disease on health and economy is essential for system preparedness by way of allocation of funds and human resources.Methods: The present study estimates Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years of Potential Productive Life Lost (YPPLL) and Cost of Productivity Lost (CPL) due to premature mortality and absenteeism, secondary to COVID-19 in Kerala state, India. The impact of disease on various age-gender cohorts has been analyzed. Sensitivity Analysis has been conducted by adjusting six variables with a total of 21 scenarios. Results: Severity of infection and mortality were higher among older sub-group of patients, and male were more susceptible than female in most of the age groups. DALY for the baseline scenario was 15,924.24 and 8,669.32 for males and females respectively. The CPL due to premature mortality was 26,80,36,179 and 42,510,946 for males and females respectively. Conclusion: People aged more than 50 were disproportionately affected by the disease, with presence of comorbidities further raising vulnerability.
Hyaluronate-based Self-stabilized Nanoparticles for Reverting Immunosuppression and Immunochemotherapy in Osteosarcoma Treatment 
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yuan Tao , Li Zuxi , Luo Chunyang , Wu Yuxuan , Zhang Jiyong , Zhang Xiao , Fan Weimin
Published: December 2020

Background: Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the mainly non-surgical treatment for osteosarcoma in clinic presently. However, serious side effects, short blood circulation time, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment have extremely limited their application. To generate an onsite combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimen, we designed a self-stabilized hyaluronic acid (HA) nanoparticle for the tumor-targeting delivery of doxorubicin (DOX), cisplatin (DDP), and resiquimod (R848) in osteosarcoma treatment, referred to as DDPNPDOX&R848. Methods: Here, we tested the physicochemical properties of and the ability of DDPNPDOX&R848 to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and revert immunosuppressive cells were characterized in vitro. The therapeutic efficacy of DDPNPDOX&R848 in vivo was evaluated in an orthotopic osteosarcoma mouse model. Furthermore, we also verified the immune memory evoking effect of DDPNPDOX&R848 in an osteosarcoma rechanllenge mouse model.Results: DDPNPDOX&R848 possesses a uniform size (similar to 190 nm) and ideal pH responsibility, and its ability to induce ICD and modulate immune cells was also proven. In vivo, regardless of the mouse model used (i.e., orthotopic osteosarcoma or rechanllenge xenografted osteosarcoma), DDPNPDOX&R848 showed significantly enhanced tumor inhibition and prolonged survival. Evoked tumoricidal immune memory responses were also demonstrated in the rechanllenged osteosarcoma mouse model.Conclusion: In summary, this intelligent codelivery platform might be a competitive candidate for osteosarcoma immunochemotherapy.
Evaluation of a novel and rapid screening method for the detection of contaminated colistin-resistant bacteria in food
Authors: Vu Hanh , Appiah-Kwarteng Cornelia , Tanaka Kaori , Kawahara Ryuji , Khong Diep Thi , Nguyen Thang Nam , Tran Hoa Thi , Van Chinh Dang , Nguyen Phuc Do , Yamamoto Yoshimasa
Published: December 2020

Background: The dissemination of colistin-resistant bacteria carrying the colistin-resistant mobile gene, mcr-1 threatens medical care worldwide. In particular, contamination of food with colistin-resistant bacteria accelerates the community dissemination of colistin-resistant bacteria. Therefore, monitoring of colistin-resistant bacteria in food is important for controlling resistant bacteria. Unfortunately, the conventional culture methods for detecting colistin-resistant bacteria are not practical for monitoring food saftey. Therefore, development of a simple and rapid method to detect food contamination with colistin-resistant bacteria is desirable as an effective means for preventing the dissemination of resistant bacteria, particularly colistin-resistant bacteria.Findings: We developed a simple and rapid method for detecting Escherichia coli harboring the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene using a high-speed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The entire procedure, from sample processing to finals results, was performed within one hour. The practical utility of this method was verified by analyzing 27 retail meat samples for the presence of colistin-resistant bacteria. The results of the developed method were in agreement with the results of culturing colistin-resistant E. coli from the meat samples, demonstrating its efficacy and usefulness.Conclusions: A simple and rapid real-time PCR-based screening method was developed for detecting E. coli harboring mcr-1 in food samples. The practical utility of the procedure was confirmed using retail meat samples, indicating its potential as a convenient and rapid method to detect bacterial contamination of food items, especially in developing communities.
Gut microbiota-derived 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid mediates the anti-colitis effect of Phellinus gilvus in mice
Authors: Li Yougui , Sun Yuqing , Zhong Shi , Huo Jinxi , Sun Le , Zhang Fang , Zhu Jianxun , Wu Chongming
Published: December 2020

Background: The gut microbiota plays crucial roles in various diseases and mediates the therapeutic effect of many drugs. Results: In this study, we found that ingestion of Phellinus gilvus extract (SH), a traditional Chinese medical mushroom, effectively ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colits in mice, and the gut microbes were essential for its therapeutic effect. The enrichment of Alistipes spp. especially A. onderdonkii was highly associated with the amelioration of colitis by SH, and oral gavage of live A. onderdonkii potently and strain-specifically mitigated DSS-induced colitis in mice. 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5HIAA), a structural analogue of a known aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activator indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), was significantly enriched after SH treatment and exhibited more potent anti-colitis efficiency than IAA in mice.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the gut microbiota-derived 5HIAA could be an effective candidate in treatment of colitis, and modulation of the gut microbiota-indole derives-AhR pathway may be a novel strategy in development of next-generational anti-colitis drugs.
The hidden curve behind COVID-19 outbreak: the impact of delay in treatment initiation in cancer patients and how to mitigate the additional risk of dying – the head and neck cancer model
Authors: Matos Leandro L. , Forster Carlos Henrique Q. , Marta Gustavo N. , Junior Gilberto Castro , Ridge John A. , Hirata Daisy , Miranda-Filho Adalberto , Hosni Ali , Sanabria Alvaro , Gregoire Vincent , Patel Snehal G. , Fagan Johannes J. , D’Cruz Anil K. , Licitra Lisa , Mehanna Hisham , Hao Sheng-Po , Psyrri Amanda , Porceddu Sandro , Galloway Thomas J. , Golusinski Wojciech , Lee Nancy Y. , Shiguemori Elcio H. , Matieli José Elias , Shiguemori Ana Paula A. C. , Diamantino Letícia R. , Schiaveto Luiz Felipe , Leão Lysia , Castro Ana F. , Carvalho André Lopes , Kowalski Luiz Paulo
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic around the world caused most healthcare services to turn substantial attention to treatment of these patients and also to alter the structure of healthcare systems to address an infectious disease. As a result, many cancer patients had their treatment deferred during the pandemic, increasing the time to treatment initiation, the number of untreated patients (which will alter the dynamics of healthcare delivery in the post-pandemic era) and increasing their risk of death. Hence, we analyzed the impact on global cancer mortality considering the decline in oncology care during the COVID-19 outbreak using head and neck cancer, a known time-dependent disease, as a model. Methods: An online practical tool capable of predicting the risk of cancer patients dying due to the COVID-19 outbreak and also useful for mitigation strategies after the peak of the pandemic has been developed, based on a mathematical model. The scenarios were estimated by information of 15 oncological services worldwide, given a perspective from the five continents and also some simulations were conducted at world demographic data. Results: The model demonstrates that the more that cancer care was maintained during the outbreak and also the more it is increased during the mitigation period, the shorter will be the recovery, lessening the additional risk of dying due to time to treatment initiation. Conclusions: This impact of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patients is inevitable, but it is possible to minimize it with an effort measured by the proposed model.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE MÉTODOS PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE CARGAS ATÔMICAS EM SISTEMAS MOLECULARES: A MOLÉCULA N-{N-(PTERINA-7-IL)CARBONILGLICIL}-L-TIROSINA (NNPT)
Authors: Botelho Fernanda , Oliveira Roberta , Almeida Joyce , França Tanos , Borges Itamar
Published: December 2020

COMPARISON BETWEEN ATOMIC CHARGE METHODS FOR MOLECULAR SYSTEMS: THE N-{N-(PTERIN-7-YL) CARBONYLGLYCYL}-L-TYROSINE (NNPT) MOLECULE. Selecting a method to compute partial atomic charges is not trivial because different methods usually provide different charge values and there is no consensus on the most useful approach. In this work, Mulliken, MBS, Chelp, Chelpg, MK, Hirshfeld, NPA, DMA and AIM methods were selected to compute atomic charges and electric dipole moment vector of N-{N-(Pterin-7-yl)carbonylglycyl}-L-tyrosine molecule, a ricin inhibitor which has different types of bonds and chemical environments. While MBS and DMA methods provided the most chemically consistent charges according to atomic electronegativity and electron resonance effects criteria, Chelp, Chelpg and MK had the worst performances. Atomic charges and dipole moment calculated by the Hirshfeld method had the smallest magnitudes, a well-known behavior. Despite the differences among atomic charges predicted by all methods, the direction of the dipole moment vector was essentially the same. Further charge calculations using different basis sets and quantum methods indicated that the dependency on this aspect was the highest for Mulliken and Chelp and the lowest for MBS, Hirshfeld and DMA methods. Thus, results point to MBS and DMA as the most suitable methods for computing chemically consistent atomic charges and dipole moment vectors of similar systems for different applications; e.g., molecular dynamics.
[5]Helicene-Scaffold Fluorescence Sensing for Selective Detection of Au3+ Ions and Gold Nanoparticle
Authors: Sinthuprasert Pichayanun , Petdum Anuwut , Swanglap Pattanawit , Panchan Waraporn , Sooksimuang Thanasat , Wanichacheva Nantanit , Setthakarn Krit
Published: December 2020

A new quenching fluorescence sensor (MDP) with high productivity was easily synthesized from a [5]helicene anhydride derivative and propargyl bromide. This MDP sensor has significant photophysical properties, including high fluorescence emission and a large Stokes shift, and it exhibits selectivity and an excellent detection response in distinguishing Au3+ ions from interfering metal ions in aqueous solution. The limit of detection of the sensor were determined to be 0.16 µmol L-1 or 32.0 ppb. Stoichiometric binding between the MDP and Au3+ ions was found to occur at a 1:2 ratio. Additionally, the MDP sensor shows an ability to detect gold ions in real water samples and recognize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which invites its further application in biological and environmental systems.
Geleneksel Kapak Ekmeği Üretimi
Authors: ERDEM Nuran , KARAKAYA Mustafa
Published: December 2020

Ekmek üretim teknolojisi, insanoğlu tarafından bilinen en eski gıda üretim teknolojilerinden birisidir. Tarihi çok eskilere dayanan Kapak ekmeği, Aksaray iline bağlı Kapadokya bölgesinde yer alan Güzelyurt (Gelveri) ilçesinin kültürel dokusu içerisinde geçmişten günümüze varlığını taşıyabilmiş geleneksel gıdalarımızdan biridir. 1900’lü yıllarda Güzelyurt’a gelen Selanik göçmenleri yöreye ayak bastığında beslenmek amacıyla ilk olarak bu ekmeği yapmışlardır. Daha sonra Güzelyurt’ta yaşayan yöre halkı da yapımını öğrenmiş ve yöreye özgü bir ekmek çeşidi haline gelmiştir. ‘‘Kapak ekmeği’’ ismini, kül ile kaplanmış ve pişirme sıcaklığına kadar ısıtılmış özel kulplu sac kapağın altında pişirilmesinden almıştır. Pişirme işlemine başlanmadan önce kapağın üzerine kül sürülmekte ve bu kapak yanan ateşin üzerine yerleştirilmektedir. Ekmek, tepsinin üzerindeki kapak ile köz halindeki ateşin üzerinde pişirilmektedir.
Portakal Kabuğunun Farklı Yöntemlerle Kurutulması ve Bazı Teknolojik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYNARCA Gülce Bedis , AŞKIN Buket
Published: December 2020

Çalışmamızda, farklı sıcaklıklarda fırın kurutma ve farklı güçlerde mikrodalga kurutma yöntemleriyle kurutulmuş portakal kabuklarının bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla örnekler 45-65ºC hava sıcaklığı aralığında, 1 m/s hava akış hızına sahip tepsili fırın kurutucuda 330 dakika süresince ve mikrodalga da kesikli olarak 400-700W güç aralığında eşit nem oranı elde edilene kadar kurutulmuşlardır. Örneklerin kuruma değerleri, renk değişimi ve rehidrasyon kapasitesi (RK) belirlenmiştir. Fırın kurutulmuş örneklerde en yüksek RK 45°C’de kurutulan örnekler için 300. dakikada elde edilirken, en kısa sürede en iyi RK değerini gösteren örnek 65oC’de kurutma ile 210. dakikada elde edilmiştir. Mikrodalga kurutmada ise en iyi RK değerinin 400W ile kurutulan örneklere ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Renk ölçümleri albedo (iç) ve flavedo (dış) tabakaları için ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki kurutma metodu ve her iki tabaka için, örneklerin L* ve b* değerlerinde önemli seviyede azalma belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda ayrıca, taze ve kurutulmuş örneklerin toplam fenolik madde miktarı (TFM) ve toplam karotenoid miktarları da (TKM) belirlenmiştir. TFM değerlerinde meydana gelen değişim için, kurutma işleminde uygulanan sıcaklık ve mikrodalga gücü etkisinin önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. 45°C ve 55°C’de kurutulan portakal kabuklarının TFM değerlerinde önemli olmamakla (P>0.05) birlikte artış gözlenmiş (67.83 mg GA/100g, 62.85 mg GA/100g), kurutma sıcaklığının 65°C’ye çıkmasıyla ise TFM değeri önemli miktarda azalmıştır (P<0.05, 40.44 mg GA/100g). Kurutma işlemleri süresince TKM değerlerinde ise tüm örnekler için azalma meydana gelmiş ve en az TKM kaybı 400W güç uygulamasıyla mikrodalga kurutulan örnekler için gözlenmiştir.
Destek Vektör Makineleri Kullanarak Uyku Seslerinin Çoklu Sınıflandırılması
Authors: KILIÇ Erkin , ERDAMAR Aykut
Published: December 2020

Uyku sürekliliği ve uyku hijyeni, insanların günlük yaşantısını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Uyku sırasında ortaya çıkan horlama, öksürme, tıksırma gibi uyanmaya neden olan sesler genellikle uyku hastalıklarıyla ilintilidir. Horlama gibi gürültülü ses paternleri hasta ile aynı ortamda uyuyan diğer insanların da uyku kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Hastaların fizyolojik sinyalleri ve uyku sesleri polisomnografi ile kayıt edilir. Ardından tüm sonuçlar uzman doktor tarafından incelenir ve sonuçlarına göre uygun teşhis konulur. Görsel veya işitsel skorlama mesleki deneyim gerektiren, oldukça zor, zaman alan ve yorucu bir süreçtir. Bu nedenle, uykudaki seslerin otomatik sınıflandırılması üzerine yapılan çalışmalar önem kazanmaktadır. Sunulan çalışmada, uyku seslerini hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde analiz edebilen, otomatik olarak sınıflandırabilen bilgisayar destekli tanı algoritmasının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Altı farklı uyku ses paterni (nefes alma/verme, öksürme, basit horlama, dubleks düşük frekans horlama, dubleks yüksek frekans horlama ve tripleks horlama) zaman bölgesinden elde edilen öznitelikler kullanılarak makine öğrenmesine dayanan bir algoritmayla otomatik olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Önerilen algoritma üç aşamadan oluşur: Birinci aşamada ham ses sinyallerine kontrol ve ön işleme yapılır. İkinci aşamada dalga formu analizleri yapılarak öznitelikler edilir. Son aşamada ise destek vektör makineleri kullanılarak sınıflandırma işlemi yapılır. Çalışma sonucunda, altı farklı uyku sesi paterni ortalama % 90.20 doğruluk oranıyla sınıflandırılmıştır.
The Effect of Valproic Acid on DNA Damage and Apoptosis After Pentylenetetrazole-induced Epileptic Seizure Generated in the Hippocampus and Cortex in Rats
Authors: EKİCİ Mahmut , TAŞKIRAN Ahmet Şevki
Published: December 2020

the treatment of epilepsy. Recent studies have shown that VPA may have some negative effects on nerve cells, but this issue has not been clarified yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of VPA on DNA damage and apoptosis after pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epileptic seizure generated in the hippocampus and cortex in rats. In the study, 18 males 230-250 grams of rats were used. Rats are divided into three groups as control (physiological serum 1 ml kg-1 + physiological serum 1 ml kg-1; n=6), PTZ (physiological serum 1 ml kg-1 + PTZ; n=6) and VPA (150 mg kg-1 VPA+PTZ; n=6). Seizure was induced by administering 45 mg kg-1 pentylenetetrazole intraperitoneally twenty minutes after the administration at the indicated doses to the PTZ group and VPA group. The brain tissues of all rats were removed, and cortex and hippocampus areas were separated 24 hours after seizure. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhDG), which is a DNA damage marker, and caspase-3, which is a marker of apoptosis, were measured in the cortex and hippocampus tissues by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. One-way ANOVA variance analysis was used for statistical evaluation. In the PTZ group, the 8-OhDG level increased in both cortex and hippocampus compared to the control group (p<0.05). Therefore, VPA enhanced the 8-OhDG level after seizure compared to the PTZ group in the cortex and hippocampus (p<0.05). In addition, the level of caspase-3 in the cortex significantly raised compared to the control in the PTZ group (p<0.05). Moreover, VPA significantly improved the level of caspase-3 in the cortex compared to the PTZ group (p<0.05). In conclusion, VPA increased DNA damage and apoptosis after seizures in rats.
The effects of annealing temperature on optical properties of 2, 6-bis (3- (carbazol-9-yl) phenyl) pyridine films’
Authors: MANTARCI Asim
Published: December 2020

In this research, 2, 6-bis (3- (carbazol-9-yl) phenyl) pyridine films were synthesized using spin coating to study changes in its optical properties for different annealing temperatures. The films were annealed at 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 120, 140 and 160 ℃ degrees in the presence of nitrogen. The material studied is one of the basic materials of the organic light emitting diode and forms the light emitting layer. In the results obtained from the films, for UV ultraviolet region, the highest absorption was obtained at 50 ℃ annealing, while the lowest absorption was 160 ℃. Optical band gap energies of films range from 3.35 to 3.43 eV. Refractive index distributions depending on the annealing temperature of the films were studied in detail. The refractive indices of the films at 440 nm wavelength varied between 2.71 and 3.39 according to different annealing temperatures. It is observed that it varied between 3.06 eV and 3.19 eV. It was observed that in the visible region of the spectrum, refractive index of the films increased in a sharp linear behavior at a wavelength of 350 nm. Annealing took place in two regimes that increase and decrease the effect of the optical band gap energy of the film. It can be seen that the percentage of reflection of all films at the wavelengths after 500 nm was almost constant. It has been evaluated that the films had 70 % transmittance at 70 ℃ (up to 160 ℃) and after this point, their transmission (%) was above 70 % and films can be used in the permeability devices of this feature. As a result, the optical properties of films (bandgap energy, absorption band edge energy, refractive index, refractive (%), and transmission (%), etc.) were measured and evaluated according to the annealing temperature.
Manyetik Fe3O4 Nanopartiküllerinin Siyanurik Klorür Yoluyla Poli (ԑ-Kaprolakton)’ a Bağlanması, Termal ve Manyetik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: PEKDEMİR Mustafa Ersin , COŞKUN Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada öncelikle halka açılma polimerizasyon yöntemiyle poli (ԑ-kaprolakton) (PCL) sentezlendi. Ardından PCL’ ye siyanürik klorür (CC) bileşiği bağlandı ve 3-aminopropil trimetoksisilan ile kaplanmış manyetik Fe3O4 nanopartikülleri (MNP) ile modifiye edildi. Sentezlenen polimerlerin karekterizasyonu FT-IR, 1H-NMR ve 13C-NMR ile yapıldı. Termal veriler a-MNP’ nin termal kararlılığının (PCL-g-CC) bağlandıktan sonra düştüğünü gösterdi. Titreşimli numune manyetometre (VSM) ölçümlerinden (a-MNP)’ nin doygunluk manyetizasyon değeri (Ms) 52.07 emug-1 ve [PCL-g-CC-g-(a-MNP)]’ nin Ms değerinin ise 32.08 emug-1 olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca VSM ölçümlerinden partikül boyutları a-MNP ve [PCL-g-CC-g-(a-MNP)] için sırasıyla 15.98 nm ve 21.41 nm olarak hesaplandı. [PCL-g-CC-g-(a-MNP)] SEM görüntüsünde a-MNP’ nin polimer içerisinde hapsolduğu belirlenirken, EDX verilerinde görülen Fe atomu, yapıda MNP’ nin olduğunu kanıtlar niteliktedir.
Urban water security priorities – an Australian industry perspective
Authors: Allan Julie V. , Kenway Steven J. , Head Brian W.
Published: December 2020

Urban water security is a critical element of sustainable development, and sustainable water management requires a participatory and collaborative approach across all stakeholders. However, the literature suggests that there can be diverse and potentially conflicting views within community and expert groups. This research aimed to understand the extent of views within a group of industry professionals on objectives, themes and definitions of urban water security. Using 22 semi-structured interviews with participants from Queensland, Australia, we found that, for the group, the priorities for urban water security are water quality and human health, quantity of supply to meet efficient demand, and reliability and resilience of supply systems. We also found diverse views on the importance of sustainability, water-related hazards, environment and ecosystem health, affordability and risk to water security in the urban context. We conclude that there is agreement within the water service provider group on priority needs, and suggest there is potential for community and service providers to agree on urban water security needs. The research findings support operationalisation of security concepts, highlight potential barriers to achieving urban water security, and provide insights for further engagement with urban water stakeholders.
Drug Repurposing Using Similarity-based Target Prediction, Docking Studies and Scaffold Hopping of Lefamulin
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Sharma Shweta , Pathak Vaishali , Kaur Parwinder , Singh Rajesh Kumar
Published: December 2020

Aim:

To investigate and validate the potential target proteins for drug repurposing of
newly FDA approved antibacterial drug.

Background:

Drug repurposing is the process of assigning indications for drugs other than the
one(s) that they were initially developed for. Discovery of entirely new indications from already
approved drugs is highly lucrative as it minimizes the pipeline of the drug development process by
reducing time and cost. In silico driven technologies have made it possible to analyze molecules for
different target proteins which are not yet explored.

Objective:

To analyze possible target proteins for drug repurposing of lefamulin and their validation.
Also, in silico prediction of novel scaffolds from lefamulin has been performed for assisting
medicinal chemists in future drug design.

Methods:

A similarity-based prediction tool was employed for predicting target protein and further
investigated using docking studies on PDB ID: 2V16. Besides, various in silico tools were employed
for the prediction of novel scaffolds from lefamulin using scaffold hopping technique followed
by evaluation with various in silico parameters viz., ADME, synthetic accessibility and
PAINS.

Results:

Based on the similarity and target prediction studies, renin is found as the most probable
target protein for lefamulin. Further, validation studies using docking of lefamulin revealed the
significant interactions of lefamulin with the binding pocket of the target protein. Also, three novel
scaffolds were predicted using the scaffold hopping technique and found to be in the limit to reduce
the chances of drug failure in the physiological system during the last stage approval process.

Conclusion:

In the future, lefamulin may assist in the development of the renin inhibitors, and also,
three possible novel scaffolds with a good pharmacokinetic profile can be developed into renin
inhibitors and for bacterial infections.
The Quality of Life of Mothers Who Have Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Pertiwi Sylvidire Maharani , Irwanto Irwanto
Published: December 2020

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex intellectual and developmental disability clinically diagnosed when s/he is 2 or three years old. These children demand special care to meet their special needs to enable optimized potentials in their development. This qualitative study aims at understanding the stressors affecting the quality of life of the primary care-giver. Parenting for children with ASD is usually more complicated and demanding than for children without disabilities. Four case studies were selected to represent typical mothers of ASD children in different phases of development. Their ages ranged from 29-50 years old and the ages of their children were 6 to 22 years old. Research credibility is constructed through interviews with significant others and observation of social media activities. The instrument for the study is WHO-QoL-BREF which is adjusted for an interview protocol. The results indicated that mothers who were not supported by their spouse and family members often had to deal with the uncertain future alone. Those who felt accomplished in caring for their children were strengthened by the parenting experiences. Support from professionals is crucial for mothers in addition to support from significant others and peers, in maintaining their quality of life.
Culture and paralinguistic features ~!^^:-): East meets West in a virtual exchange between South Korea and England
Authors: Wylie Michelle
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates whether cultural differences are apparent in the paralinguistic features used by culturally diverse interactants online. Paralinguistic features are used pervasively in digital discourse (Herring & Androutsopoulos, 2015), therefore they play a pivotal role in online communication skills. Paralinguistic features such as the innovative use of punctuation and typographical features as well as emoticons and emojis are used to add nuance, emotional tone, and to manage discourse in online communication. However, the effectiveness of these paralinguistic features is dependent upon a shared understanding of their functions. This study seeks to explore any potential cultural manifestations in the use of paralinguistic features during a semester-long virtual exchange between 21 South Korean students and 25 students studying at a university in England. The dataset of 20,379 words generated during the virtual exchange was examined for cultural manifestations in paralinguistic features. As this study examines potential cultural manifestations online, it adheres to a culturally relativist perspective, therefore an inductive approach to the analysis of the data was taken. The analysis of the data revealed culturally specific paralinguistic features with the emergence of a feature that, to the best of my knowledge, has not been recorded in previous virtual exchange research.
Карамзин во Франции
Authors: Демин Антон Олегович
Published: December 2020

Review of:  Nikolaï Karamzin en France. L'image de la France dans les Lettres d'un voyageur russe [Nikolai Karamzin in France. The Image of France in the Letters of a Russian Traveler], sous la direction de Rodolphe Baudin. Paris: Institut d’études slaves, 2014, 228 p., ill., ISSN 0078-9976, ISBN 978-2-7204-0523-5
Генеалогия одной дискуссии в российской историографии
Authors: Андреев Владимир Васильевич
Published: December 2020

Рецензия на книгу: Соколов С. В. Концепция происхождения «Варяжской Руси» в отечественной историографии XVIII-XIX вв. в контексте европейских идей раннего нового времени. Екатеринбург: Банк культурной информации, 2015. 316 с.
Неизвестные стихотворения Василия Рубана
Authors: Averbuch Alexander
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses unknown poems of Vasilii Ruban written in the last three years of his life. These texts exemplify the so-called “poetry of the mundane” (bytovaia poeziia), dealing with the author’s everyday affairs. This study seeks to tie together the commodified, communicative, and aesthetic aspects of the mundane in Ruban’s poetry. The author proposes shifting the emphasis from these texts’ literary merits to the circumstances of their creation and their immediate function. They were not written for posterity, nor to exceed the boundaries of local interest. Ruban’s patrons were the real implicit readers of his poems; they understood his communicative strategy and accepted it as such. This poetry thus constitutes a remarkable source of information about the social and private life of Ruban’s patrons and the connections between them. Analyzing patrons’ relationships with the poet and responses to his requests, the article contextualizes Ruban’s poetry of the mundane within communicative conventions extant at the time.
"ЗАКОН" И "ГРАЖДАНИН" В РОССИИ ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ XVIII ВЕКА
Authors: Белякова Елена Владимировна
Published: December 2020

Рецензия на: Е.Н. Марасинова, «Закон» и «гражданин» в России второй половины XVIII века: очерки истории общественного сознания. М., Новое литературное обозрение, 2018.
A New Perspective in Russian Intellectual History: Russian Political Thought in Early Modern Times
Authors: Offord Derek
Published: December 2020

G. M. Hamburg, Russia’s Path Toward Enlightenment: Faith, Politics, and Reason, 1500–1801. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2016, 912 p. ISBN: 9780300113136
La movilidad de personas en el marco del sistema de la integración centroamericana durante los años 2014-2018
Authors: Vargas Mazas Esteban
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se estudian las respuestas jurídicas del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA) ante la coyuntura de personas en movilidad, en particular durante el periodo 2014-2018. Para ello, se estudiará el diseño institucional del SICA, sus órganos competentes en materia de movilidad de personas y su abordaje de la libertad de circulación de personas. También, se analizarán las actuaciones más relevantes gestadas en su marco y que revelan los desafíos del proceso de integración centroamericano.Abstract: This article studies the legal responses of the Central American Integration System (SICA) with regards to mobility rights during the years 2014-2018. For this purpose, we will study SICA’s institutional arrangements, its competent organs regarding mobility rights and their approach of freedom of movement. In addition, we will stress the most relevant actions adopted within its framework and that reveal some of the challenges that the Central American integration process is facing.Keywords: circulation, regional integration, mobility rights, Central America, SICA.Résumé : Dans cet article on étudie les réponses juridiques du Système d’intégration centraméricain (SICA) en matière de la mobilité de personnes, en particulier pendant la période 2014-2018. Pour ce faire, on examine la conception institutionnelle du SICA, ses organes compétents dans le domaine de la mobilité des personnes et son approche de la libre-circulation des personnes. On analyse aussi les actions adoptées en son sein et qui révèlent les défis du processus d’intégration en Amérique centrale.Mots-clés : circulation, intégration régionale, mobilité des personnes, Amérique centrale, SICA.
KONSUMSI AIR DAN PRODUKSI KARET PADA BERBAGAI SISTEM PENGATURAN JARAK TANAM DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN KANDUNGAN AIR TANAH
Authors: Cahyo Andi Nur , Ardika Risal , Wijaya Thomas
Published: December 2020

Kekurangan air pada saat musim kemarau menyebabkan tanaman karet menggugurkan daunnya sebagai upaya adaptasi untuk mengurangi kebutuhan air. Tujuan penelitian adalah diperoleh sistem pengaturan jarak tanam yang paling efisien dalam hubungannya dengan ekstraksi air tanah, sehingga pada saat musim kemarau kompetisi air tanah dapat dikurangi. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini ialah monokultur dengan jarak tanam normal (A), monokultur dengan jarak tanam ganda (B), dan tumpangsari (jarak tanam ganda + klon RRIC 100) (C). Perlakuan tersebut disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap parameter kadar air tanah, produksi karet, waktu terjadinya gugur daun, luas daun spesifik, dan indeks luas daun. Pengamatan terhadap kadar air tanah menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat beda nyata antara kadar air tanah pada semua perlakuan karena curah hujan total yang tinggi, namun pada musim kemarau terjadi perbedaan pola ekstraksi air yaitu perlakuan C mengkonsumsi air lebih cepat karena ILD yang tinggi. Produksi karet kering perlakuan C nyata lebih rendah daripada perlakuan yang lain, sedangkan perlakuan A adalah yang tertinggi. Rendahnya produksi karet kering perlakuan C disebabkan karena luas daun per pohon perlakuan C hanya sekitar 50% dari luas daun perlakuan yang lainnya. Rendahnya luas daun per pohon untuk perlakuan C ini diduga disebabkan karena terlalu tingginya kerapatan tanam perlakuan C yang mencapai lebih dari dua kali kerapatan tanam perlakuan A dan B.  Diterima : 24 Agustus 2011; Disetujui : 29 November 2011How to Cite : Cahyo, A.N., Ardika, R., & Wijaya, T. (2011). Konsumsi air dan produksi karet pada berbagai sistem pengaturan jarak tanam dalam kaitannya dengan kandungan air tanah. Jurnal Penelitian Karet, 29(2), 110-117. Retrieved from http://ejournal.puslitkaret.co.id/index.php/jpk/article/view/243
KINERJA FAKTIS COKLAT DARI MINYAK JARAK KEPYAR DALAM PRODUKSI SELANG GAS LPG
Authors: Puspitasari Santi , Muslich Muslich , Syamsu Yoharmus
Published: December 2020

Faktis coklat merupakan hasil reaksi vulkanisasi minyak nabati (jarak kepyar) pada suhu 130-160oC. Faktis coklat utamanya berfungsi sebagai bahan bantu olah kompon dan bahan penstabil dimensi pada barang jadi karet. Bahan bantu olah dapat mempermudah pencampuran dengan cara meningkatkan laju dispersi bahan pengisi dan menurunkan energi pengkomponan. Selain itu, faktis coklat dapat mempertahankan dimensi terutama pada barang karet hasil ekstruksi. Pada penelitian akan dipelajari ujicoba faktis coklat dari minyak jarak kepyar dalam pembuatan selang gas LPG. Kompon tanpa dan dengan penambahan faktis coklat komersial digunakan sebagai pembanding. Tahapan penelitian diawali dengan penyusunan formula kompon selang gas LPG kemudian pembuatan kompon selang gas LPG dalam mesin giling terbuka. Kompon yang diperoleh diperam sebelum dibentuk menjadi selang dalam mesin ekstruder. Kompon dicuplik ±150 g untuk uji karakteristik vulkanisasi dan sisanya divulkanisasi dalam autoclave. Selang  LPG hasil vulkanisasi diuji sifat fisika sesuai dengan SNI 06-7213-2006/Amd 1:2008. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktis coklat dari minyak jarak kepyar dapat berfungsi dengan baik sebagai bahan bantu olah tetapi belum mampu mencegah terjadinya dies swell pada selang. Faktis coklat dari minyak jarak kepyar tidak berpengaruh nyata pada hasil uji karakteristik vulknisasi kompon dan sifat fisika selang gas LPG. Hal ini memperkuat fungsi faktis coklat sebagai bahan bantu olah. Secara umum, faktis coklat dari minyak jarak kepyar memiliki kinerja yang setara dengan faktis coklat komersial. Diterima : 12 Maret 2012; Disetujui : 9 Juli 2012 How to Cite : Puspitasari, S., Muslich., & Syamsu, Y. (2012). Kinerja faktis coklat dari minyak jarak kepyar dalam produksi selang gas LPG. Jurnal Penelitian Karet, 30(1), 46-53. Retrieved from http://ejournal.puslitkaret.co.id/index.php/jpk/article/view/121
Sampul Depan 30 1 2012
Authors: Puspitasari Santi
Published: December 2020

Sampul Depan 30 1 2012