bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells in inflammatory environments
Authors: Jin Shenghao , Jiang Haitao , Sun Yue , Li Fang , Xia Jianglan , Li Yaxin , Zheng Jiwei , Qin Ying
Published: September 2022

Periodontitis is a common disease that is difficult to treat, and if not controlled in time, it causes severe conditions, such as alveolar bone resorption and tooth loosening and loss. Periodontal ligament stem cells constitute a promising cell source for regenerative treatment of periodontitis due to their high osteogenic differentiation capacity. PDLSC osteogenesis plays a central role in periodontal regeneration through successive cytokine-mediated signaling pathways and various biochemical and physicochemical factors. However, this process is inhibited in the inflammatory periodontitis environment due to high concentrations of lipopolysaccharide. Here, we review the mechanisms that influence the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal stem cells in this inflammatory microenvironment.
Continuous renal replacement therapy combined with double filtration plasmapheresis in the treatment of severe lupus complicated by serious bacterial infections in children: A case report
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wei Feng , Su Guo-Yun , Lin Bo , Yang Wei-Guo
Published: September 2022

There are few reports available on the combination therapy of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by severe bacterial infections, especially in children. A 14-year-old female child with recurrent SLE complicated by severe sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was administered CRRT combined with DFPP for blood purification in addition to routine immunosuppressant therapy. The changes in autoantibodies, cytokines, and coagulation function indexes of the patient before and after treatment were compared to explore the effect of such therapy on progression and prognosis. After DFPP therapy, significant decreases in the levels of double-stranded DNA antibody, cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and procalcitonin (PCT) were observed. Fibrinogen (Fib) decreased and needed to be replenished following DFPP. After CRRT combined with DFPP, the patient began to urinate sparingly (urine volume was < 50 mL/day) at the seventh week, the urine volume was > 400 mL/day (up to 560 mL/day) at the ninth week (63 days), and the urine volume was >1,000 mL/day at the tenth week, at which time the renal function had fully recovered. DFPP may reduce the plasma Fib concentration, which needs to be replenished in a timely manner. CRRT combined with DFPP shows efficacy in patients with SLE, but the coagulation function requires close monitoring.
Determination of pediatric reference limits for 10 commonly measured autoantibodies
Authors: Sepiashvili Lusia , Bohn Mary Kathryn , Hall Alexandra , Henderson Tina , Chen Jack , Dunst Roseline , Adeli Khosrow
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The objective of this study was to establish pediatric reference limits for autoimmune disease markers in the Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) cohort of healthy children and adolescents to support their interpretation and clinical decision making. The CALIPER is a national study of healthy children aiming to close gaps in pediatric laboratory medicine by establishing a robust database of pediatric reference intervals for pediatric disease biomarkers (caliperdatabase.org).

Methods

Healthy children and adolescents (n=123, aged 1–19) were recruited to CALIPER with informed consent. Serum autoantibody testing conducted on the BIO-FLASH analyzer (Werfen, Barcelona, Spain) included anti-dsDNA IgG, anti-Sm IgG, anti-RNP IgG, anti-SSB/La IgG, anti-Ro60 IgG, anti-Ro52 IgG, anti-cardiolipin IgG, anti-MPO IgG, anti-PR3 IgG, and anti-tTG IgA. Pediatric reference limits representing 95th, 97.5th, and 99th percentiles were calculated using the non-parametric rank method according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute C28-A3 guidelines.

Results

The proportion of samples with results above the lower limit of the analytical measuring range were: anti-cardiolipin IgG 90%, anti-dsDNA 22%, anti-Sm 13%, anti-RNP 0.8%, anti-SSB/La 0%, anti-Ro60 0%, anti-Ro52 0%, anti-MPO 25%, anti-PR3 9%, and anti-tTG IgA 28%. Pediatric reference limits and associated 90% confidence intervals were established for all 10 markers. All autoantibodies could be described by one age range except for anti-cardiolipin IgG and anti-MPO. A sex-specific difference was identified for anti-tTG IgA.

Conclusions

Robust pediatric reference limits for 10 commonly clinically utilized autoimmune markers established herein will allow for improved laboratory assessment and clinical decision making in pediatric patients using the BIO-FLASH assay platform worldwide.
Unfolding the mystery of premenstrual syndrome (PMS): an overview
Authors: Zehravi Mehrukh , Maqbool Mudasir , Ara Irfat
Published: September 2022

Physical, emotional, and psychological symptoms are common among women in their reproductive years, particularly during their menstrual cycle’s luteal phase and the week before their period. Approximately 5–8 percent of women suffer with premenstrual syndrome, with the majority of those suffering from premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Because of the complexity and multifaceted nature of the aetiology, it is yet unknown. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is diagnosed entirely on the basis of signs and symptoms, with no particular diagnostic tests available to confirm the diagnosis. Only a small number of therapeutic modalities are backed by clinical data, yet there are many accessible. After providing a brief overview of the disease, the author goes on to discuss the various hypotheses as to why PMS occurs. With an emphasis on tailored treatment based on symptom profile, it examines the wide range of non-pharmacological and pharmaceutical methods that are accessible today.
The Social Supportive Role of Food and Meals Following Hurricane Florence
Authors: Clay Lauren , Greer Alex , Slotter Rachel , King Danielle
Published: September 2022

This study uses the Theory of Social Support to examine the impact of Hurricane Florence on the local food system during the immediate response to the disaster focusing on the social supportive nature of food and meals. Using a quick response disaster research methodology, field observations and qualitative interviews were conducted in Eastern North Carolina, in the days following Hurricane Florence in September 2018. Individuals affected by Hurricane Florence were recruited from emergency food and meal distribution sites. A codebook consisting of 66 parent and child codes based on the Theory of Social Support was applied to analyze 23 individual interviews. Sharing food with neighbors and/or relatives and utilizing post-disaster community feeding services improved the coping capacity of survivors. Results from this study contribute to the understanding of the post-disaster food environment and may help to improve food related response and recovery to meet the needs of those affected.
Covid and pregnancy in the United States – an update as of August 2022
Authors: Grünebaum Amos , Dudenhausen Joachim , Chervenak Frank A.
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The first cases of COVID-19 were identified in December 2019, and the first United States (US) case was identified on January 20th, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and was declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020. As of July 2022, about 90 million persons have been infected with COVID-19 in the US, and there have been over 1 million deaths There have been 224,587 pregnant patients infected with COVID-19, and 34,527 were hospitalized. Pregnancy increases the risk of severe disease associated with COVID-19 and vaccinated patients are significantly less likely to develop severe disease. Adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes are more common among women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy, especially among those with severe disease, and vaccination also protects the newborn infant. The intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be rare. COVID-19 vaccinations and booster shots in pregnancy are safe. In addition, the available data suggest that vaccination during pregnancy is associated with the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the fetus. The vaccination of lactating women is associated with high levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the breast milk. It is important that with future pandemics the concept of vaccine recommendations in pregnancy should be made early on to prevent maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Physicians and other healthcare professionals should strongly recommend COVID-19 vaccination to patients who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, and to those who are breastfeeding.
Two-dimensional nanostructures based ‘-onics’ and ‘-omics’ in personalized medicine
Authors: Francis Bibi Mary , Sundaram Aravindkumar , Manavalan Rajesh Kumar , Peng Weng Kung , Zhang Han , Ponraj Joice Sophia , Chander Dhanabalan Sathish
Published: September 2022

With the maturing techniques for advanced synthesis and engineering of two-dimensional (2D) materials, its nanocomposites, hybrid nanostructures, alloys, and heterostructures, researchers have been able to create materials with improved as well as novel functionalities. One of the major applications that have been taking advantage of these materials with unique properties is biomedical devices, which currently prefer to be decentralized and highly personalized with good precision. The unique properties of these materials, such as high surface to volume ratio, a large number of active sites, tunable bandgap, nonlinear optical properties, and high carrier mobility is a boon to ‘onics’ (photonics/electronics) and ‘omics’ (genomics/exposomics) technologies for developing personalized, low-cost, feasible, decentralized, and highly accurate medical devices. This review aims to unfold the developments in point-of-care technology, the application of ‘onics’ and ‘omics’ in point-of-care medicine, and the part of two-dimensional materials. We have discussed the prospects of photonic devices based on 2D materials in personalized medicine and briefly discussed electronic devices for the same.
The Fall of Jerusalem: Cultural Trauma as a Process
Authors: Ammann Sonja
Published: September 2022

Cultural trauma theory provides a framework for studying the socio-cultural process which takes place between an event and its (socially accepted) representation. This article will apply the process-oriented approach of cultural trauma theory to studying biblical narratives of the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem, focusing in particular on the destruction and pillage of the temple. The comparison of the various accounts of the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem, and of their different versions transmitted in Hebrew and in Greek, reveals that the memory of this event was by no means unified and developed over a longer period of time. Discussing passages from 2 Kgs 24–25 and their parallels in the book of Jeremiah, this article will argue that the devastation of the temple of Jerusalem, which is often regarded as a major traumatizing event in the history of ancient Judah, became remembered as such only as the result of a longer process.
Rapid microwave synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles in physiological serum
Authors: Girardet Thomas , Che Dji Lyns Verel , Bouguet-Bonnet Sabine , Cleymand Franck , Fleutot Solenne
Published: September 2022

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) are more and more used in biomedical applications such as therapy (treatment for certain cancers, hyperthermia), diagnostic (contrast agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or both. For these applications, SPIONs must be stable in an aqueous solution, monodisperse, with a narrow size distribution and without aggregation. To obtain these nanoparticles, a microwave process is carried out in this study as an easy, fast and reproducible synthesis method. Currently, in the literature, most synthesis of SPIONs are in ultra-pure water or another solvent. To consider the use of SPIONs in biomedical applications, it is essential to ensure the preservation of the physico-chemical parameters of the nanoparticles in the physiological medium to validate a synthesis process. With this objective, this study reports a comparison between the SPIONs synthesis in ultra-pure water and the SPIONs direct synthesis in a physiological serum (containing NaCl). To complete this comparison, the dispersion of SPIONs in physiological serum after an elaboration in ultra-pure water is reported. Characterizations of these different SPIONs samples are carried out to determine the physico-chemical parameters and magnetic properties. SPIONs are characterized by Transmission Electronic Microscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, X-Ray Diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. Finally, to check if SPIONs can be used as contrast agent for MRI, a relaxometry measurement is performed.
New and refined bond valence parameters for Te4+–F−, Te4+–S2− and Te4+–Se2− ion pairs
Authors: Hamani David , Torzuoli Lyna , Bouzid Assil , Thomas Philippe , Masson Olivier
Published: September 2022

New and refined bond valence parameters related to ion pairs constituted of the tellurium Te4+ cation and non-oxide X
n− anions (X = F, S or Se) are proposed. After a selection of specific crystalline structures, the optimization of the bond valence parameters R and b with a cutoff distance is carried out by minimizing the root mean square deviation of the Te4+ cation valence. The results are R = 1.728 Å and b = 0.622 Å with cutoff = 5.3 Å for the Te4+–F− pair and R = 2.444 Å and b = 0.387 Å with cutoff = 4.5 Å for the Te4+–S2− pair. These parameters lead to a lower dispersion of the calculated valences around the formal valence compared to that obtained with the parameters available in the literature. As for the new set related to the Te4+–Se2− pair, we find R = 2.578 Å and b = 0.296 Å with cutoff = 3.7 Å.
SOX9 maintains human foetal lung tip progenitor state by enhancing WNT and RTK signalling
Authors: Sun Dawei , Llora Batlle Oriol , van den Ameele Jelle , Thomas John C , He Peng , Lim Kyungtae , Tang Walfred , Xu Chufan , Meyer Kerstin B , Teichmann Sarah A , Marioni John C , Jackson Stephen P , Brand Andrea H , Rawlins Emma L
Published: September 2022

The balance between self‐renewal and differentiation in human foetal lung epithelial progenitors controls the size and function of the adult organ. Moreover, progenitor cell gene regulation networks are employed by both regenerating and malignant lung cells, where modulators of their effects could potentially be of therapeutic value. Details of the molecular networks controlling human lung progenitor self‐renewal remain unknown. We performed the first CRISPRi screen in primary human lung organoids to identify transcription factors controlling progenitor self‐renewal. We show that SOX9 promotes proliferation of lung progenitors and inhibits precocious airway differentiation. Moreover, by identifying direct transcriptional targets using Targeted DamID, we place SOX9 at the centre of a transcriptional network, which amplifies WNT and RTK signalling to stabilise the progenitor cell state. In addition, the proof‐of‐principle CRISPRi screen and Targeted DamID tools establish a new workflow for using primary human organoids to elucidate detailed functional mechanisms underlying normal development and disease.
Fraudulent Account Detection in the Ethereum’s Network Using Various Machine Learning Techniques
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering and IT, Taiz University, Yemen, Sallam Amer , H. Rassem Taha ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom, Abdu Hanadi ,   Faculty of Engineering and IT, Taiz University, Yemen, Abdulkareem Haneen ,   Faculty of Engineering and IT, Taiz University, Yemen, Saif Nada ,   Faculty of Engineering and IT, Taiz University, Yemen, Abdullah Samia ,   Faculty of Engineering and IT, Taiz University, Yemen
Published: September 2022

On the Ethereum network, users communicate with one another through a variety of different accounts. Pseudo-anonymity was enforced over the network to provide the highest level of privacy. By using accounts that engage in fraudulent activity across the network, such privacy may be exploited. Like other cryptocurrencies, Ethereum blockchain may exploited with several fraudulent activities such as Ponzi schemes, phishing, or Initial Coin Offering (ICO) exits, etc. However, the identification of parameters with abnormal account characteristics is not an easy task and requires an intelligent approach to distinguish between normal and fraudulent activities. Therefore, this paper has attempted to solve this a problem by using machine learning techniques to introduce a robust approach that can detect fraudulent accounts on Ethereum. We have used a K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest and XGBoost over a collected dataset of 4,681 instances along with 2,179 fraudulent accounts associated and 2,502 regular accounts. The XGBoost, RF, and KNN techniques achieved average accuracies of 96.80 %, 94.8 8%, and 87.85% and an average AUC of 0.995, 0.99 and 0.93, respectively.
Pancasila in the Foundation of Legal Education: Various International Comparisons
Authors: Hamdani Razak Mohammaed , Ramadhani Poppy Sagita , Henley Sunan Medr
Published: September 2022

Pancasila as the ideology of the State of Indonesia consists of five principles of sila which are used as guidelines for nation and state in Indonesia. The five precepts are the basis of the Indonesian State that need to be lived out and practiced by all Indonesian citizens, including in the law of nation and state in Indonesia. The State of Indonesia is a rule of law, in order to realize a rule of law, one of them is required a legal instrument that is used to regulate balance and justice in all areas of people's lives and livelihoods through legislation by not ruling out jurisprudential functions. This shows that legislation has an important role in the Indonesian law. Therefore, Indonesia made Pancasila a guideline for nation and state law because Pancasila was in accordance with the personality of the Indonesian nation.
Chinese Community under the Soekarno Era in Indonesia
Authors: Permana Septian Aji , Purwantiningsih Ary
Published: September 2022

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the life of Chinese people in Indonesia during the Soekarno government and analyze the governmentâ€™s treatment of Chinese people in the Soekarno era. This study used a historical method approach with a limited history across the 1930s period, from 1941 to 1958, from 1959 to 1966. The method used is as follows: data collection in the form of literature studies relevant to the subject matter discussed, source criticism to find out the relevant elements through the incorporation of information obtained through the source, and compilation i.e., writing historical facts. Political and economic perceptions influenced Chinese ethnic communities in Indonesia during colonial, the old order, and the new times. Chinese society received many sanctions from the Soekarno government because of communist ideology, which was a threat to the government. The existence of ethnocentric during the old order so that Chinese people cannot be received well.Â Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kehidupan masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan Soekarno dan menganalisis perlakuan pemerintah terhadap orang Tionghoa pada masa pemerintahan Soekarno. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode sejarah dengan sejarah terbatas pada periode tahun 1930-an, dari tahun 1941 hingga 1958, dari tahun 1959 hingga tahun 1966. Metode yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut: pengumpulan data berupa studi pustaka yang relevan dengan materi pelajaran yang dibahas, kritik sumber untuk mengetahui unsur-unsur yang relevan melalui penggabungan informasi yang diperoleh melalui sumber, dan kompilasi yaitu, menulis fakta sejarah. Persepsi politik dan ekonomi mempengaruhi komunitas etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia pada masa penjajahan, Soekarno, dan Orde Baru. Masyarakat Tionghoa banyak mendapat sanksi dari pemerintah Soekarno karena ideologi komunis yang menjadi ancaman bagi pemerintah. Adanya etnosentris pada masa Soekarno sehingga masyarakat Tionghoa tidak bisa diterima dengan baik.Â
Deli Maatschappij's Contribution to the Transformation of East Sumatera, 1869-1940s
Authors: Darini Ririn
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Indonesian historiography notes that East Sumatra is known for its poor treatment of plantation companies towards their workers. Nevertheless, the presence of plantation companies also causes East Sumatra to grow rapidly.Â  This study aims to uncover the contributions provided by Deli Maatschappij in transforming East Sumatra into a more modern one and its impacts on plantation communities and local communities. The study uses critical historical methods that include heuristic activities, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The approach of social science is used as an analytical tool. The sources used in this study include the Deli Maatschappij memorial books, magazines, and other sources from the period. The results showed that Deli Maatschappij had a significant contribution to East Sumatra's transformation process, primarily related to its role in changes in transportation systems, health services, water supply, and education. It can be concluded that the community also had a positive impact from these changes.Â Abstrak: Historiografi Indonesia mencatat bahwa Sumatera Timur dikenal dengan perlakuan buruk perusahaan perkebunan terhadap pekerjanya. Kendati demikian, kehadiran perusahaan perkebunan juga menyebabkan Sumatera Timur berkembang pesat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kontribusi yang diberikan oleh Deli Maatschappij dalam mengubah Sumatera Timur menjadi lebih modern dan dampaknya terhadap masyarakat perkebunan dan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah kritis yang meliputi kegiatan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Pendekatan ilmu sosial digunakan sebagai alat analisis. Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain buku peringatan Deli Maatschappij, majalah, dan sumber lain dari periode tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Deli Maatschappij memiliki kontribusi yang sangat signifikan terhadap proses transformasi di Sumatera Timur terutama terkait perannya dalam perubahan sistem transportasi, pelayanan kesehatan, penyediaan air bersih, dan pendidikan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat juga merasakan dampak positif dari perubahan tersebut.Â Â
Local Wisdom-Based Character Values on Kawali’s Inscription In History Learning
Authors: Pajriah Sri , Suryana Aan
Published: September 2022

This study aims to describe the character values of Kawali’s Inscription and the implementation of local wisdom-based character values on Kawali’s Inscription in history learning. This research method is descriptive qualitative with a case study strategy. Data collection was carried out by observation on history learning activities in the classroom and Kawali’s inscription; informant interviews were conducted by teachers, students and officers of the Astana Gede Kawali Site; and the analysis of documents, syllabus and lesson plans. Purposive sampling and time sampling were used in this study. To find data validity, data triangulation was used. Data analysis used interactive analysis consists of collecting, reducing, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate the character values in Kawali’s Inscription consist of having the character values of just, hard-working, peace-loving, democratic, respectful, honest, independent, religious, tolerant, caring socially, caring for the environment. The syllabus and lesson plans reflect the implementation of character values based on local wisdom on Kawali’s inscription in learning history. The teacher designs and implements history learning by integrating historical subject matter with the surrounding environment to explore the potential of character values in Kawali’s Inscription to form better, adaptive and positive student characters to meet life’s needs and face challenges in solving everyday problems.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai karakter Prasasti Kawali dan implementasi nilai karakter berbasis kearifan lokal pada Prasasti Kawali dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran sejarah di kelas dan prasasti Kawali; wawancara informan dilakukan oleh guru, siswa dan petugas Situs Astana Gede Kawali; dan analisis dokumen, silabus dan RPP. Purposive sampling dan time sampling digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Untuk mengetahui validitas data digunakan triangulasi data. Analisis data yang digunakan analisis interaktif terdiri dari pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai-nilai karakter dalam Prasasti Kawali terdiri dari memiliki nilai karakter adil, pekerja keras, cinta damai, demokratis, hormat, jujur, mandiri, religius, toleran, peduli sosial, peduli lingkungan. Silabus dan RPP mencerminkan penerapan nilai-nilai karakter berbasis kearifan lokal pada prasasti Kawali dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Guru merancang dan melaksanakan pembelajaran sejarah dengan mengintegrasikan materi pelajaran sejarah dengan lingkungan sekitar untuk menggali potensi nilai-nilai karakter dalam Prasasti Kawali untuk membentuk karakter siswa yang lebih baik, adaptif dan positif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dan menghadapi tantangan dalam memecahkan masalah sehari-hari.
Cleric Depoliticization of the NU Pesantren in Former Karesidenan Surakarta at the New Order Era (1971-1997)
Authors: Alam Muhammad Bagus Sekar , Warto Warto , Setiasih Insiwi Febriary
Published: September 2022

The study aims to explain the dynamics of the political life of NU pesantren ulama (clerics) in the Former Karesidenan Surakarta during the New Order era (1971-1997). The New Order regime attempted to maintain power and created political stability tends to use a repressive approach. One of the social groups that gained political pressure from the New Order regime was the NU pesantren ulama. The New Order Government assessed them as an interested social group seeking to uphold Islamic law and anti-government policy. NU pesantren ulama had experienced political pressure in the various situation in the Former Karesidenan Surakarta. It started from the regulations (Permen No. 12 the Year 1969 and PP No.6 the Year 1970) to the act of political intimidation ahead of the New Order election. From 1971 to the 1997 election, the New Order Regime tried to marginalize the NU Pesantren Ulama’s political role at the grassroots level. The New Order’s repressive policies made NU pesantren ulama in former Karesidenan Surakarta did some acts of experimentation to save the NU Organization and their NU pesantren survival. One of their activities is through the Khittah NU 1984, which provided personal freedom for NU pesantren ulama to choose their political affiliation. The conclusion of this paper shows that the New Order Government is an anti-political party regime that is ruling with an authoritarian approach.Tulisan ini menjelaskan dinamika kehidupan politik ulama pesantren NU di wilayah eks-Keresidenan Surakarta pada masa rezim Orde Baru tahun 1971-1997. Rezim Orde Baru dalam upaya mempertahankan kekuasaan dan menciptakan stabilitas politik cenderung menggunakan pendekatan represif. Salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang mendapatkan tekanan politik dari rezim Orde Baru adalah ulama pesantren NU. Mereka dinilai Pemerintah Orde Baru sebagai kelompok sosial yang berusaha menegakkan hukum Islam dan anti kebijakan pemerintah. Tekanan politik dalam berbagai situasi telah dialami ulama pesantren NU di wilayah eks-Keresidenan Surakarta. Mulai dari regulasi (Permen No. 12 Tahun 1969 dan PP No.6 Tahun 1970) hingga tindakan intimidasi politik menjelang pemilu-pemilu Orde Baru. Dari Pemilu 1971 sampai Pemilu 1997, rezim Orde Baru berusaha memarjinalkan peran politik ulama pesantren NU di akar rumput. Kebijakan represif Orde Baru ini membuat ulama pesantren NU di wilayah eks-Keresidenan Surakarta sering kali bereksperimentasi politik guna menyelamatkan organisasi NU dan kelangsungan hidup pesantrennya. Salah satunya melalui Khittah NU tahun 1984 yang memberikan kebebasan personal ulama pesantren NU dalam menentukan afiliasi politiknya. Kesimpulan tulisan ini menunjukkan usaha depolitisasi terhadap ulama pesantren NU memperkuat fakta bahwa Pemerintah Orde Baru merupakan rezim anti partai politik yang berkuasa dengan pendekatan otoriter.
Site and Nationalism: The Significant Value of Liangan Site in History Learning
Authors: Susanti Sri , Miftahuddin Miftahuddin
Published: September 2022

Indonesia is vulnerable to facing threats related to national disintegration. It is important for us to present various forms of cultural objects that have noble, togetherness and moral values, in order to maintain the unity and integrity of the nation. The purpose of this study is to determine the importance of Liangan Site as a cultural object to increase a sense of nationalism in history learning. This research was conducted using a mixed method with a sequential explanatory approach. The results showed that Liangan Site had the potential issue to increase a sense of nationalism with a percentage of 76.4%. The results of this study indicate that Liangan Site as a cultural object has the potential to increase a sense of nationalism. Utilization of Liangan Site in learning activities can dig deeper into their imagination about the life of Liangan community in the past. The existence of Liangan Site encourages a sense of pride in students. In this study, it was found that Liangan as a historical site should be utilized as a learning resource with supporting public facilities so that visitors feel comfortable to stay. Liangan Site is expected to become a part of the materials for the development of Hindu-Buddhist Kingdom in Indonesia in History Subject in the first semester of Class X as it has a significant value for the development of the Ancient Mataram Kingdom.Indonesia rentan menghadapi ancaman terkait disintegrasi bangsa. Penting bagi kita untuk menghadirkan berbagai bentuk benda budaya yang memiliki nilai luhur, kebersamaan dan moral, demi menjaga persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya Situs Liangan sebagai objek budaya untuk meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode campuran dengan pendekatan sekuensial explanatory. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Situs Liangan memiliki potensi isu untuk meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme dengan persentase sebesar 76,4%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Situs Liangan sebagai objek budaya berpotensi meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme. Pemanfaatan Situs Liangan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran dapat menggali lebih dalam imajinasi mereka tentang kehidupan masyarakat Liangan di masa lalu. Keberadaan Situs Liangan mendorong rasa bangga pada siswa. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Liangan sebagai situs sejarah harus dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar dengan fasilitas umum yang mendukung agar pengunjung merasa nyaman untuk menginap. Situs Liangan diharapkan dapat menjadi bagian dari materi pengembangan Kerajaan Hindu-Budha di Indonesia pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah pada semester I Kelas X karena memiliki nilai yang signifikan bagi perkembangan Kerajaan Mataram Kuno.
Extensible cellulosic fibre-polyurethane composites prepared via the papermaking pathway
Authors: Vishtal Alexey , Khakalo Alexey , Retulainen Elias
Published: September 2022

Formable papers can be used as an alternative to rigid plastics for making 3D shapes for packaging applications. However, commercial use of formable paper is currently limited, due to its poor extensibility. Cellulosic fibres can be combined with polyurethanes to improve the deformability of resulting fibre-polymer composites. This work describes the effect of spray and wet-end addition of polyurethane dispersions to paper to enhance the extensibility and formability of paper. The increase in extensibility was directly proportional to the amount of polyurethane retained in the paper. Absolute improvements in extensibility were as high as 4 to 6 percentage points. Improved extensibility resulted in better formability of paper, which eventually could allow it to compete with plastic packaging in certain applications.
Enhancing the ethanol yield from Salix using a Clostridium thermocellum and Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum co-culture system
Authors: Pang Jian , Hao Min , Shi Yali , Li Yongli , Zhu Mingda , Hu Jianhua , Liu Jianguo , Zhang Qiancheng , Liu Zhanying
Published: September 2022

A strategic method that utilizes the co-culture of Clostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405 and Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum DSM 571 was developed to improve the ethanol yield from the thermophilic fermentation of Salix. The co-culture conditions of the two strains were optimized using single factor and response surface experiments to enhance the ethanol yield. An even higher ethanol yield was obtained under the optimum co-culture conditions in fermenter tanks than what was observed in pre-experiments in serum bottles. The maximal ethanol concentration and yield were 0.2 g/L and 11.1%, respectively, and with a 26.4% cellulose degradation ratio and 13.8% hemicellulose degradation ratio when the pH was kept stable at 7.0 in fermenter tanks.
Effects of Pyrolysis Mode and Particle Size on the Microscopic Characteristics and Mercury Adsorption Characteristics of Biomass Char
Authors: Jia Li , Fan Bao-guo , Li Ben , Yao Yu-Xing , Huo Rui-Peng , Zhao Rui , Qiao Xiao-Lei , Jin Yan
Published: September 2022

Biomass chars (bio-chars) prepared under two pyrolysis modes and with four particle size ranges were investigated. The pyrolysis modes included isothermal pyrolysis and non-isothermal pyrolysis with three heating rates (5 °C/min, 10 °C/min, and 15 °C/min). The particle size ranges were 58-75 μm, 75-106 μm, 106-150 μm, and 150-270 μm. The pyrolysis characteristics, pore structures, surface morphologies, and functional groups of the bio-chars were characterized by TGA, specific surface area and porosity analyses, SEM, and FTIR. The mercury adsorption was further explored by the adsorption kinetics. The results established the optimum pyrolysis conditions for mercury adsorption: pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, heating rate of 10 °C/min, and particle size of 58-75 μm. In addition, the mercury adsorption processes were affected by both physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Furthermore, the rate constants of the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models gradually increased with decreasing particle size.
Coordination mechanism of wooden furniture supply chains with consideration of carbon footprint
Authors: Wang Hui , Wu Jinzhuo , Han Bing , Fang Yilin
Published: September 2022

This study emphasizes a three-level wooden furniture supply chain, which involves one supplier, one manufacturer, and one retailer. Focusing on maximizing the profit of the supply chain while adhering to low-carbon principles, the Three-level Leader-follower Game (TLG) model, Stackelberg Game Model I (SGI model), Stackelberg Game Model II (SGlI model), and Cooperative Decision-making (CD) model were established by using game theory. The carbon emission reduction cost and benefit sharing contract was introduced into the model with the maximum profit, and the ranges of sharing coefficients for a solid wood bed supply chain and the optimal decision-making process for each supply chain member were discussed. Results showed that the profit for the solid wood bed supply chain reached maximum under the CD model, followed by the SGII model, and then the SGI model, and the TLG model showed the lowest profit. A higher preference for low-carbon products can lead to lower demand for products and higher retail prices. Through introducing the cost and benefit-sharing contract into the CD model, the profit of the supply chain can be guaranteed with different sharing coefficients, and the profit of each member was improved compared to the TLG model.
Multi-layer barrier coating technology using nano-fibrillated cellulose and a hydrophobic coating agent
Authors: Jo Hae Min , Kim Do Hoon , Lee Soo Hyun , Lee Ji Young
Published: September 2022

A multi-layer barrier coating technology was developed using nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC) alongside a hydrophobic, paraffin-free biowax for manufacturing an eco-friendly functional packaging paper. Anionic NFC was prepared by isolating hardwood-bleached kraft pulp (Hw-BKP) using a micro-grinder, and cationic NFC was prepared by the quaternization reaction of the anionic NFC. Thereafter, a three-layer barrier-coated paper was manufactured using cationic and anionic NFCs and biowax. The air permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the three-layer barrier-coated paper were measured, and its coverage and coating layer structure were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The air permeability of the three-layer barrier-coated paper was more than 15,000 s and those WVTR was 67.1 g/m2/day. Its coverage and surface were considerably uniform and smooth. Thick and effective barrier coating layers were formed as indicated by SEM images. Therefore, it was concluded that a multi-layer barrier-coated paper with considerably high barrier properties could be produced using cationic and anionic NFCs with high gas barrier properties and biowax with high moisture barrier properties. Further, the structure could be used as a functional packaging paper with high barrier properties.
Hybrid composite board produced from wood and mineral stone wool fibers
Authors: Akkus Memis
Published: September 2022

Wood fiberboards are used extensively, mainly in the fields of furniture production, interior fittings, construction, etc. Mineral stone wool materials are used for heat and sound insulation in the construction industry. This study aimed to produce a new hybrid-based composite material by mixing fibers obtained from wood and mineral stone wool. For this purpose, hybrid fiberboards with 50, 40, 30, and 20% stone wool addition and a fiberboard group consisting of 100% pine and beech fibers (control sample) were produced in a hot press using thermoset-based urea formaldehyde and phenol formaldehyde resins. Statistical comparisons of the results were made for values of density, thickness swelling, and water absorption extents after 24 h immersion, bending strength and modulus of elasticity in bending, tensile strength perpendicular to the board surface (internal bond strength), and time to ignition (TTI) analysis. Additionally, percentage of mass loss (PML), average heat release rate (A-HRR), average effective heat of combustion (A-EHC), and mass loss rate (MLR) were studied. The results showed that as the stone wool content in the produced boards increased, the mechanical properties and thickness swelling decreased. The combustion results showed that the combustion resistance of the boards increased with increasing stone wool ratio.
Interference Effects on the Square and Circular Cross-Sectional High-Rise Buildings Under Turbulent Flows
Authors: Chen Cheng-Wei , Li Yi-Chao , Lo Yuan-Lung
Published: September 2022

Estimating the wind-induced responses of high-rise buildings requires a detailed investigation of wind force characteristics and structural dynamics, especially when an existing neighboring building has an equivalent volume at adjacent locations. The interference effects caused by such an adjacent building may seriously alternate the wind loading characteristics on the target building and further affect its responses to safety or habitability evaluation. This research investigates the interference effects on the wind-induced responses of high-rise buildings under turbulent boundary layer flows based on a series of wind tunnel tests. This study mainly concerns three disturbance factors to the interference effects: the approaching turbulent flows, the interference locations, and two typical section shapes of the concerned high-rise buildings. Results show that the terrain effect, the interference location effect, and the shape effect of both the principal and the interfering buildings significantly change the interference mechanism to the aerodynamic force and the estimated responses. The aerodynamic and the response interference factors defined in this study have shown distinct different patterns, indicating the interfered resonant response plays a vital role in dominating the interference mechanism. Finally, discretized maps with a satisfactory 0.5B × 0.5B grid resolution under statistical assumptions are proposed as examples for future codification works.
Random Factors in IOI 2005 Test Case Scoring
Authors: CORMACK Gordon
Published: September 2022

We examine the precision with which the cumulative score from a suite of test cases ranks participants in the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI). Our concern is the ability of these scores to reflect achievement at all levels, as opposed to reflecting chance or arbitrary factors involved in composing the test suite. Test cases are assumed to be drawn from an infinite population of similar cases; variance in standardized rank is estimated by the bootstrap method and used to compute confidence intervals which contain the hypothetical true ranking with 95% probability. We examine the relative contribution of easy (so-called fifty-percent rule) cases and hard cases to the overall ranking. Empirical results based on IOI 2005 suggest that easy and hard cases are both material to the ranking, but the proportion of each is unimportant.
Gender and Programming Contests: Mitigating Exclusionary Practices
Authors: FISHER Maryanne , COX Anthony
Published: September 2022

Individuals vary across many dimensions due to the effects of gender-based, personality, and cultural differences. Consequently, programming contests with a limited and restrictive structure (e.g., scoring system, questioning style) are most favourable and attractive to a specific set of individuals with the characteristics that best match this structure. We suggest that a more inclusive and flexible structure will allow contests to be more appealing to a wider range of participants by being less biased towards specific traits. As well, by making contests more broadly appealing, they become better post secondary recruiting tools that can potentially be used to attract under-represented populations to the discipline of computer science. In this paper, we focus on gender-based differences and the effect of a competition's structure on female participants.
Guidelines on the Design of Effective CBL Environments
Authors: KAROULIS Athanasis
Published: September 2022

This paper summarizes two studies and the contemporary literature on the design and construction of effective and efficient Computer Based Learning (CBL) environments. There is adequate evidence on Distance Learning environments, however CBL environments provide some special characteristics that separate them from their Distance counterparts, while they have to adhere to educational principles, as they are mainly educational environments. So, firstly these similarities and differences are emphasized under the educational view. Secondly, the contemporary educational research on such environments is provided and the studies made in this area are briefly described. The objective of this paper is to conclude to a set of design and construction guidelines for environments of this kind, as they emerged from the studies and contemporary trends in the field. So, these guidelines are presented and some issues of interest for further research on the domain are discussed.
Animation Tools of CAS for Dynamic Exploration of Mathematics
Authors: LIPEIKIENE Joana , LIPEIKA Antanas
Published: September 2022

The scope of the paper is animation facilities of computer algebra systems (CAS). Animation offers opportunities for visualization of complex mathematical concepts, provides convincing demonstration of ideas and influence of quantities or parameters, helps to generate hypothesis, encourages exploration. Animation can be used to demonstrate many mathematical concepts that are difficult to explain verbally or to show with static pictures. Using animation allows students to explore, experiment and visualize mathematics as a dynamic process. But CAS creates only opportunities. The problem remains for users to realize this potential. So features of CAS such as ease of use, convenience of procedures are important for teaching and learning. The paper deals with animation features of the three most popular CAS - Maple, Matlab, Mathcad and their usefulness in education. The results of practical use of the three CAS in teaching animation procedures are discussed and students' opinion about animation tools of CAS is presented.
Computer Science Contests for Secondary School Students: Approaches to Classification
Authors: POHL Wolfgang
Published: September 2022

The International Olympiad in Informatics currently provides a model which is imitated by the majority of contests for secondary school students in Informatics or Computer Science. However, the IOI model can be criticized, and alternative contest models exist. To support the discussion about contests in Computer Science, several dimensions for characterizing and classifying contests are suggested.
First distributional record of Parascolopsis akatamae Miyamoto, McMahan, & Kaneko, 2020, a dwarf monocle bream (Perciformes, Nemipteridae), from Indian waters
Authors: Mahadevan Gopalan , Murugesan Perumal , Sreekanth Giri Bhavan , Miyamoto Kei , McMahan Caleb D.
Published: September 2022

New records of Parascolopsis akatamae Miyamoto, McMahan, & Kaneko, 2020 are reported from India’s southeast coast. Three specimens were collected in April 2021 on the Parangipettai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. We examined and compared morphometric and meristic characters of our specimens with published data from the holotype. The new India records expand the known distribution of P. akatamae, which had previously been reported from southern Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Thailand. Parascolopsis akatamae is a new addition to the list of marine fishes from Indian coastal waters.
Etyka seksualna, małżeństwo i rodzina jako zniewolenie czy ostoja prawdziwej wolności? Analiza obrony małżeństwa i rodziny w pismach Gilberta Keitha Chestertona
Authors: Laskowska Ewa
Published: September 2022

The cultural revolution proceeds through history bringing liberation to the oppressed man. After liberating him from the oppression of the social class, it proclaims liberation from cultural norms, sexual ethics, unbreakable marriage, the difficulties caused by having a family, and even the liberation of a person from his or her own specific gender. But is it really a liberation? According to Gilbert Keith Chesterton, who witnessed the beginnings of social changes that took place at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the revolution in  manners may lead to a more sophisticated form of bondage – the bondage of the mind.The article examines the defense of sexual ethics, marriage and family as presented by Chesterton in his writings, trying to answer the questions: can Chesterton’s voice be relevant and intriguing today; can it complement the present discussion with a new point of view.The article indicates that the writer changes the perspective. He points that it is not Catholic sexual ethics, the indissolubility of marriage and the family that enslave man. But the constant changes, sexual freedom and divorce lead to the weakening of human will and intellectual enslavement. Because true freedom is hidden in a non-obvious and paradoxical way precisely in adherence to sexual ethics, a stable marriage and family, which are not only Christian but also extremely rational ideals.