bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural Studies and Applications of Sulfobetaine-Based Polybetaines at Interfaces
Authors: Zhengis Arshyn , Amrenova Yenglik , Yergesheva Arailym , Kanzhigitova Dana , Imekova Gulim , Toktarbay Zhexenbek , Toktarbaiuly Olzat , Abutalip Munziya , Nuraje Nurxat
Published: February 2024

The main goals of this research endeavor are to enhance the hydrophilic properties and water permeability of a nanofiltration membrane. This is achieved by incorporating a Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) layer that has been stabilized utilizing a redox-grafted methacrylate hydrogel. The decision to use polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the substrate material was motivated by its intrinsic hydrophilic properties, which contribute to its ability to resist fouling and promote water permeability. The shift of the surface from hydrophilic to superhydrophilic was confirmed using physicochemical evaluations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurements. Hydrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile Zeolitic imidazolate framework grafted (HPANZifG) membrane exhibited a remarkably high-water flux of 82.3 L/m2 Bar hour, which is an achievement of notable significance. This study makes a valuable contribution to the advancement of nanofiltration technology by proposing potential solutions to the challenges faced in the field of water purification and treatment.
On the Bromination of Diethyl 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylate: the True Structure of the Halbig’s Product
Authors: Salkeyeva Lyazat K. , Pevzner Leonid M. , Vojtíšek Pavel , Minayeva Yelena V.
Published: February 2024

Pyrrole and its derivatives have attracted the attention of researchers as promising objects of practical importance in various areas of human life. Focusing on Knorr pyrrole as the most readily available pyrrole derivative, our objective was to obtain its bromo derivatives, containing an allyl bromine atom followed by phosphorylation reactions. The reaction involving bromination was carried out with 2 mol of N-bromosuccinimide per 1 mol of Knorr pyrrole 1 in carbon tetrachloride. This reaction was initiated with azobis(isobutyronitrile) and carried out at a boiling point. In acetic acid, the bromination reaction was carried out at a temperature of 38-45°C with a molar ratio of Knorr pyrrole to bromine of 1:4 and another reaction was carried out at 40-50°C with a molar ratio of Knorr pyrrole to bromine of 1:5. The bromination reaction was also performed in chloroform at 27-30°C in the presence of catalytic amounts of aluminum chloride. The same crystalline product was obtained in all cases. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the single crystal structure is diethyl 5-(dibromomethyl)-3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3,4-dicarboxylate 5 with two bromine atoms. This composition is identical to that of the Halbig product. It was found that the bromination of Knorr pyrrole 1 occurs stepwise with excess N-bromosuccinimide and bromine, resulting in the unsaturated lactam 5, commonly known as Halbig’s product. The true structure of product 5 was determined.
Synthesis and Optimization of Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Immobilized with Antituberculosis Drugs
Authors: Yessentayeva Nazgul A. , Galiyeva Aldana R. , Daribay Arailym T. , Sadyrbekov Daniyar T. , Zhumagalieva Tolkyn S. , Marsel Dias T.
Published: February 2024

This study involved the synthesis of bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles immobilized with the antituberculosis drugs isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) by the desolvation method. The primary objective was to explore the impact of varying concentrations of albumin, urea, cysteine, rifampicin, and isoniazid on the average size of nanoparticles, polydispersity, and the encapsulation efficiency of drugs. The study's outcomes affirm that alterations in the concentrations of these components influence nanoparticles’ parameters, highlighting their key role in optimizing the encapsulation process and enhancing the efficacy of tuberculosis drug delivery. The nanoparticles obtaned as a result of optimization demonstrated an optimal size of 231.2±1.2 nm with a polydispersity of 0.061±0.08. Encapsulation efficiency was 89% for rifampicin and 38.5% for isoniazid. The investigation of drug release kinetics from the polymer matrix revealed a gradual release pattern. Evaluation of the obtained nanoparticles by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the successful incorporation of drugs into the polymer matrix. These findings highlight the potential of BSA nanoparticles as effective carriers for tuberculosis treatment, with implications for refining drug delivery strategies.
TINGKAT EFIKASI DIRI PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 7 SEMARANG
Authors: Subahtiyar Mohammad , Rakhmawati Dini , Windaniati Windaniati
Published: February 2024

Efikasi diri merupakan aspek penting dari pengetahuan diri dalam kehidupan sehari-hari karena mempengaruhi individu dalam menentukan tindakan yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efikasi diri pada siswa kelas XI SMKN 7 Semarang dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 153 siswa kelas XI SMKN 7 Semarang yang dipilih dengan metode sensus pada tanggal 11-15 Desember 2023. Data dikumpulkan melalui Google Forms dan dianalisis menggunakan model statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat efikasi diri yang tinggi, dengan skor rata-rata 2,63 untuk level; 2,58 untuk generality; dan 2,70 untuk strength. Meskipun ketiga indikator tersebut tergolong tinggi, indikator generality mendapatkan skor terendah dibandingkan dengan dua indikator lainnya. Disarankan agar mahasiswa mengeksplorasi minat dan bakat mereka dengan berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan-kegiatan informal untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan mereka, yang akan berguna di masa depan.
BIMBINGAN KARIR BERBASIS TEACHING FACTORY DI SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 2 ANDONG
Authors: Al Asy'Ari Musa Azzam , Rirmawati Rirmawati , Akbar Muhammad Ilham , Irsad Habib Muhammad , Uula Zikroatul Nurul
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada peran yang dilakukan oleh guru bimbingan  konseling dalam menunjang kesiapan karir peserta didik yang dipadukan dengan kebijakan pendidikan berbasis Teaching Factory di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Andong. Peserta didik yang menempuh pendidikan di tingkat SMK pada dasarnya belum miliki kesiapan karir yang baik. Sementara pendidikan di sekolah kejuruan di arahkan pada pengembangan dunia pekerjan baik usaha maupun industri yang sesuai standar dan prosedur di dunia industri. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode penelitian lapangan (File Reseach). Sifat penelitian yaitu analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menemukan bahwa layanan bimbingan karir berbasis Teaching Factory di antaranya: layanan pengembangan kematangan karir, layanan pengembangan analisis peluang karir dan layanan pengembangan kemampuan membuat keputusan karir.
HUBUNGAN KONFORMITAS TEMAN SEBAYA DENGAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 ANGKOLA SELATAN
Authors: Harahap Winda Apriani , Harahap Erlina , Asmaryadi Asmaryadi
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini didasarkan atas permasalahan Hubungan konformitas teman sebaya dengan kepercayaan diri siswa. Adapun fokus penelitian ini melihat : Apakah ada hubungan konformitas teman sebaya dengan kepercayaan diri siswa SMP Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan konformitas teman sebaya dengan kepercayaan diri siswa SMP Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan. Tempat penelitian ini di lakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif  korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan yang berjumlah 39 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII-1 berjumlah 13 siswa, kelas VIII-2 berjumlah 13 siswa dan kelas VIII-3 berjumlah 13 siswa. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik simple random sampling. Teknik analisis data ini menggunakan SPSS versi 23 dengan uji kolmogorov smirnop. Teknik pengumpulan data ini menggunakan angket sebanyak 50 pernyataan variabel X dan 50 pernyataan variabel Y jadi jumlah keseluruhan 100 pertanyaan.Hasil penelitian pemperlihatkan perbedaan nilai rata-rata variabel X dan Y. Hasil uji normalitas 0, 576 dengan nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,895 maka dapat disimpulkan berdistribusi normal. Uji linearitas nilai signifikasinya 0,975 lebih dari 0,05. Uji reliabilitas pengujian nilai Cronbach’s Alpha 0, 629 > 0,6. Uji regresi sederhana nilai determinasi atau R sebesar 0,021 hal tersebut menandakan bahwa ada pengaruh variabel bebas dan variabel terikat jadi pengaruh variabel X 13,5 sedangkan sisanya  (100% - 13,5 % = 86,5%).   Uji hipotesis 0,21 < 0,05 menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis ada hubungan antara konformitas teman sebaya dengan kepercayaan diri diterima.
PENGARUH TEKNIK MANAJEMEN DIRI TERHADAP SELF ESTEEM SISWA KELAS X MADRASAH ALIYAH DARUNNA’IM RANGKASBITUNG
Authors: Nurhasanah Ratu , Fitriani Wahidah
Published: February 2024

Manajemen diri adalah teknik yang mengelola perilaku pribadi, yang bertujuan untuk membimbing dan mengelola diri sendiri untuk mencapai kehidupan yang mandiri dan produktif. Perilaku hidup yang tidak terarah dan tidak terkendali akan membawa banyak hambatan dalam terwujudnya tujuan. Ketika siswa tidak dapat mengevaluasi diri sendiri atau mengontrol kebiasaan hidup mereka dengan baik, mereka akan memiliki perilaku negatif dan menghambat perkembangan masa depan. Maka penulis merumuskan permasalahan sebagai berikut yaitu, Bagaimana tingkat teknik manajemen diri siswa kelas X di Madrasah Aliyah Darunna’im Rangkasbitung?; Bagaimana tingkat self esteem siswa kelas X di Madrasah Aliyah Darunna’im Rangkasbitung?; Apakah manajemen diri dapat berpengaruh pada proses peningkatan self esteem siswa kelas X di Madrasah Aliyah Darunna’im Rangkasbitung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi, merupakan analisis statistik yang ingin melihat hubungan dan pengaruh fungsional antara variabel bebas (X) dengan variabel terikat (Y). Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 10% dari jumlah siswa Madrasah Aliyah Darunna’im Rangkasbitung dengan jumlah sampel 24 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan teknik random sampling dengan simple random sampling dari jumlah 237, karena subjek lebih dari 100 maka diambil 10%. Dari sesuai persamaan regresi sederhana didapat Ry1> rtabel (0,644 > 0,404) maka H0 ditolak dan dengan demikian H1 diterima artinya terdapat pengaruh Manajemen Diri (X) terhadap peningkatan self esteem siswa (Y) dengan memiliki kekuatan hubungan sedang dengan persentase (64%).
STRATEGI COPING MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR DALAM MENGHADAPI KECEMASAN KARIR
Authors: Hadi Abdul , Farozin Muh , Astuti Budi
Published: February 2024

Strategi Coping Stress Mahasiswa dalam Menghadapi Kecemasan Karir sangat dibutuhkan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi coping stress yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa khususnya tingkat akhir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei.  Populasi pada penelitian ini ialah mahasiswa tingkat (semester 8) Program studi Bimbingan dan Konseling Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purpossive sampling yang berjumlah 4 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara terstruktur. Hasil survei dari strategi coping 4 mahasiswa menunjukkan bahwa strategi Emotional focused coping lebih banyak digunakan oleh mahasiswa tingkat akhir prodi Bimbingan dan Konseling yaitu sebanyak 65% dibandingkan dengan Problem focused coping yang hanya sebesar 35%. Hal tersebut terkait masalah :Cara sejenak menghindari kecemasan karir, Hal yang membuat semangat setelah mengalami kecemasan karir, Berbincang masalah kecemasan karir, Berpikir kegiatan belajar kurang maksimal, Teguran/masukan, Evaluasi atau introspeksi. Adapun strategi Problem Focused Coping menyangkut hal : Menghadapi atau menghindari masalah, Mencari bantuan, Cara mengatasi kecemasan karir, Persiapan untuk mengantisipasi kecemasan karir, Harapan/keinginan terkait kecemasan karir.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA REGULASI DIRI DALAM BELAJAR DENGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 2 SEMARANG
Authors: Rohmah Aris Nurul , Saptadi Heri , Dianasari Ajeng
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi dengan adanya peserta didik yang memiliki pengaturan diri dalam mengerjakan tugas kurang maksimal, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara regulasi diri dalam belajar dengan prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Semarang. Penelitian in dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Semarang yang berjumlah 396. Dan sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 199 siswa yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode sampel random sampling sehingga dijadikan sampel penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data angket kuesioner (online) dalam bentuk goggle form. Teknik analisis data menggunakan data korelasi pearson product moment. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan (korelasi) antara regulasi diri dalam belajar dengan prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa kelas XI di SMA N 2 Semarang dengan kategori hubungan yang negative. Yang dapat diartikan semakin tinggi tingkat regulasi diri pada siswa kelas XI di SMA N 2 Semarang, maka semakin rendah prokrastinasi akademik  yang dilakukan oleh siswa kelas tinggi  prokrastinasi yang dilakukan oleh siswa kelas XI di SMA N 2 Semarang
LAYANAN KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN REBT SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGURANGI KECANDUAN BERMAIN GAME ONLINE REMAJA
Authors: Marfuatun Marfuatun , Robyanto Sony , Aulia Fitri
Published: February 2024

Kecanduan game online dapat dikenali dari sejauh mana seseorang bermain game online secara berlebihan yang dapat berdampak negatif pada pemain tersebut. Kecanduan bermain game online dapat memiliki konsekuensi negatif pada berbagai aspek, termasuk dimensi sosial, psikologis, dan fisik, remaja yang terjerat dalam kecanduan game online mungkin mengalami penurunan interaksi sosial dengan keluarga dan teman-teman, serta menghadapi masalah dalam kehidupan nyata, seperti kecenderungan untuk menghabiskan banyak waktu dalam permainan dan kesulitan dalam mengendalikan waktu mereka. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1. mengukur efektivitas konseling kelompok dengan menggunakan pendekatan Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) dalam mengurangi kecanduan bermain game online; 2. mempelajari perilaku remaja di dusun segeleng yang memiliki kecanduan bermain game online. Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan dalam studi ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan Quasi-Experimental. Desain penelitian ini mengadopsi rancangan One Group Pre-test and Post-Test. Hasil penelitian Rata-rata skor perilaku remaja yang kecanduan bermain game online sebelum mengikuti layanan konseling kelompok (hasil pretest) adalah 50.6000, dan setelah mengikuti layanan tersebut, skor rata-rata berkurang menjadi 35.6000. Hasil signifikansi (2-tailed) adalah 0,001, lebih kecil dari tingkat signifikansi yang ditetapkan sebesar 0,005. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku remaja yang kecanduan bermain game online mengalami penurunan setelah menerima layanan konseling kelompok. Dengan demikian, hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak, dan hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa layanan konseling kelompok untuk mengurangi perilaku kecanduan bermain game online pada remaja di Dusun Segeleng efektif
Fluorescence and immune-cell infiltration of nonneoplastic, postbrachytherapy brain tissue in 5-ALA–guided resection of recurrent anaplastic meningioma: illustrative case
Authors: Ramapriyan Rishab , Clark Victoria E , _ _ , Martinez-Lage Maria , Hsueh Brian , _ _ , Nahed Brian V , _ _ , Curry William T , Choi Bryan D , _ _ , Carter Bob S , _ _
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence-guided surgery is a well-established technique for resecting high-grade gliomas. However, its application in meningiomas, especially those previously treated with radiation therapy, remains under investigation.

OBSERVATIONS

A 48-year-old female with recurrent anaplastic meningioma, World Health Organization grade 3, underwent a right-sided craniotomy using off-label 5-ALA as a surgical adjunct. The patient had previously undergone brachytherapy seed implantation (20 × cesium 131) for tumor management. During the surgery, a large fluorescent tumor mass adjacent to the brachytherapy-treated area was resected, and the prior brachytherapy seeds were removed. Interestingly, the surrounding brain tissue in the irradiated area showed robust 5-ALA fluorescence. Pathological examination confirmed that the fluorescent brain tissue was nonneoplastic and associated with lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration.

LESSONS

This case report presents unique 5-ALA fluorescence in nonneoplastic tissue following brachytherapy, which was found during the resection of recurrent anaplastic meningioma. This phenomenon may reflect an intricate interplay among radiation therapy, immune cells, the tumor microenvironment, and 5-ALA metabolism. Given that false-positive findings in fluorescence-guided surgery can lead to unnecessary tissue resection and increased surgical morbidity, further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and its implications for meningioma surgery.
Retrograde thrombectomy of acute common carotid artery occlusion with mobile thrombus: illustrative cases
Authors: Okune Yukiya , Fukuda Hitoshi , Matsuoka Toshiki , Nishimoto Yo , Matsuoka Keita , Fukui Naoki , _ _ , Hayashi Satoru , Ueba Tetsuya , _ _
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute embolic occlusion of the common carotid artery (CCA) alone is rare. However, once it occurs, recanalization is challenging due to the large volume of the clot, larger diameter of the CCA, and risk of procedure-related distal embolism into the intracranial arteries.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors report two cases of acute embolic occlusion of CCA alone, caused by a cardiac embolus trapped at the proximal end of a preexisting atherosclerotic plaque at the cervical carotid bifurcation. In both cases, the CCA was successfully recanalized using retrograde thrombectomy in a hybrid operating room. In case 1, a 78-year-old male with acute right CCA occlusion underwent retrograde thrombectomy, where the cervical carotid bifurcation was exposed and incised, and the entire embolus was retrieved with forceps. Despite successful revascularization, massive bleeding from the CCA just after the retrieval remained a concern. In case 2, a 79-year-old female with acute right CCA occlusion underwent retrograde thrombectomy in the same manner. Because manual retrieval failed, a Fogarty balloon catheter inserted from the arteriotomy successfully retrieved the entire thrombus with minimal blood loss.

LESSONS

Retrograde thrombectomy through the arteriotomy of the cervical carotid bifurcation safely and effectively recanalizes acute embolic occlusion of the CCA alone.
Positive Bacterial Culture among Adults with Suspected Urinary Tract Infections Presenting to the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Jwarchan Bishnu , Sapkota Subash , Dhungana Durga , Dhakal Anil
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. Treatment needs to take into account the likely organism, comorbidities and local antibiotic sensitivity pattern. This study aimed to find the prevalence of positive bacterial culture among adults with suspected urinary tract infections presenting to the department of medicine of a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with suspected urinary tract infections. Data was collected between 1 July 2022 to 31 December 2022 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Individuals with symptomatic urinary tract infections were included in the study. The antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates were done. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 355 patients, positive cultures were obtained in 148 (41.69%) (36.56-46.82, 95% Confidence Interval). Escherichia coli 120 (81.08%) was the predominant organism cultured among the positive bacterial culture cases
Conclusions: The prevalence of positive bacterial culture was found to be higher than other studies done in similar settings.
Primary Orbital Tuberculosis with Cold Abscess: A Case Report
Authors: Dhakal Sanam , Neupane Sulochana , Arjyal Kafle Prerna , Badhu Badri Prasad , Upadhyaya Kafle Santosh
Published: February 2024

Orbital tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis involving orbital soft tissue, periosteum, bones and lacrimal glands. This is a case report of a 6-year-old male child who presented with swelling of the right upper eyelid. He had normal visual acuity without signs of diplopia or ophthalmoplegia. The tuberculin skin test was reactive and the computed tomography scan showed peripherally enhancing collection with bony erosion and intracranial extension in the extraconal space of the superolateral right orbit. Orbital exploration was done which showed caseous material. The histological examination revealed necrotizing granulomatous tissue. The caseous material on Ziehl Neelsen staining confirmed acid-fast bacilli causing a tubercular abscess. The child is currently on anti-tubercular therapy planned for 12 months. Orbital tuberculosis might or might not be in association with pulmonary tuberculosis and should always be taken into consideration while dealing with chronic inflammatory orbital disease and an orbital mass.
An Overview of Democratic Consolidation and Regression in Africa
Authors: Muhammad Abdulrasheed , Fanny-Kinge Ruth
Published: February 2024

Democratic rule in Africa has been characterized by uneasiness resulting from autocratic tendencies in some of the countries. From the 1990s and due to a host of factors, African countries began to experience new lease of democratization with high hopes which soon turned out to be an illusion arising from series of developments within and outside the continent. Against this background, this paper examines dimensions of democratic rule in Africa noting its tendencies towards consolidation and regression as it manifests in different countries as well as factors that are responsible for the observed trend. Data for the study is obtained from secondary sources through examination of copious literature on the subject and examining occurrences in different parts of the continent. It is concluded that the region experienced overall, though uneven and not substantial progress towards democratization. While some have experienced tendency towards backsliding, some others have experienced considerable growth in some of the indexes that promote democratic consolidation. On the aggregate however, the continent cannot be said to be making substantial progress towards consolidation.  This may be due to a host of factors that include peculiar political environment of each country. It thus recommended that African leaders need to introduce reforms that would cut across the different facets of the continent and that will take into account the specific character of each African country rather than the adoption of a policy based on its success in a different socio-political environment.
THE INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Zulkarnaen Wandy
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of the management control system on employee performance at PT. Trimitra Dinamika Consultants . This type of research is quantitative research and the data source is primary data with questionnaires. The sample in this research were employees of PT. Trimitra Dinamika Consultants . The data analysis methods in this research are descriptive statistics, characteristic data, simple validation and regression analysis using a significance level of 5%, and tested using path analysis. The data processing method uses SPSS 23.0 For Windows software. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the management system has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Trimitra Dinamika Consultants .
REGARDING THE METHODOLOGICAL PARADIGM OF UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF JUSTICE
Authors:   Kyiv University of Tourism, Kunenko Iryna S.
Published: February 2024

The author of the article, having analyzed the definition of the concept of “justice“ in the literature, states that its interpretation is ambiguous. In his opinion, this indicates the lack of a unified methodology in the knowledge of the phenomenon of justice and in the development of its concept. Because of this, it is proposed to choose either one of the already existing approaches, or to define an independent methodological paradigm that will help define the general concept of justice. The last solution to the problem is considered more appropriate, given that most authors either do not consider the question of defining the general concept of justice, but are limited to searching for related or similar concepts of “fairness“, “justice“, “jurisdiction“, etc.; or avoid the definition of this concept at all. The article notes that the definitions of justice proposed by some authors either do not distinguish a common generic feature at all, which would be evidence of a certain unity of their ideas about the general concept of justice as such, or the signs of justice indicated by them do not belong to generic features for justice. In addition, identifying such concepts as “fairness“, “justice“, “jurisdiction“, the authors ignore the question: what is common to all these concepts, what unites them in one row? Instead, when analyzing the ratio of these concepts, as a rule, they try to distinguish only between them without establishing which features are common to them, which leads to their identification or mixing. Thus, the ambiguous interpretation of the terms “fairness“, “justice“ and “jurisdiction“, their confusion in the literature requires a clearer understanding of the concepts denoted by them in terms of what is common to them, their generic feature, in relation to which special species characteristics of each of these phenomena are distinguished, thus forming specific concepts of the latter. According to the author, such a common point which unites the concepts of “jurisdiction“, “justice“ with justice is the concept of “legal activity“. It follows that the concept of legal activity should be considered as a generic concept in relation to the concept of justice, and it should be used to formulate a general definition of justice as such.
THE CONCEPTION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF MUNICIPAL LAW
Authors:   V.M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law of the NAS of Ukraine, Batanov Oleksandr V.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the problems of defining the principles of municipal law as a branch of Ukrainian law. The phenomenology of municipal law is studied in the context of its genesis, development and understanding of the principles of municipal legal regulation. It is proven that the formation of the modern domestic municipal legal doctrine has set scientists a number of conceptual tasks, the solution of which depends on the effectiveness of rethinking the essence, content (system) and functions of municipal law as a branch of law. One of these tasks is the final rejection of the dogmatic vestiges of Soviet jurisprudence, which is firmly rooted in the domestic municipal legal doctrine. First of all, this is manifested in the penetration of many principles and archaic stereotypes inherent in the theory and practice of Soviet state law into the matter of municipal law. According to the author, a qualitatively new vision of the nature of municipal law mainly depends not only on the correct definition of the subject and method of municipal law, but also on the principles of municipal law. The content and methodological approaches to the formation of the updated system of principles of municipal law in Ukraine are determined not only by the radical transformation, modernization of the Ukrainian state, its apparatus on democratic principles, decentralization of state power, but also by the processes of the formation of the European model of local self-government and municipalism in Ukraine, the realization of municipal human rights and the formation of a local system of their protection. It is proven that the transformation of the field of municipal law of Ukraine in the context of the decentralization of state power radically changes the entire legal system of the state and fundamental branches of law (first of all, constitutional and administrative law) and objectively requires the definition of the content, meaning and outline of the foundations of the formation of a new system of principles of municipal law. The conceptual principles of updating the system of principles of municipal law of Ukraine need to take into account the unified principles and standards of municipal law developed by European municipal legal doctrine and practice. This is a necessary step in overcoming the doctrinal gap in the development of the guiding ideas of the industry, its values, guidelines, which act as a kind of «framework» of the field of municipal law and determine the logic of the development of the system of legislation on local self-government.
RE: Teleology and the Meaning of Life
Authors: Kiritani Osamu
Published: February 2024

Remarks are made on a previous paper "Teleology and the Meaning of Life".*
The use of chemical and biological preparations on potatoes as a preplant treatment of tubers
Authors: Puzdrya F. F. , Bozhenkov A. V. , Kruglova S. A. , Morozova T. M. , Popovа G. V.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. In the potato industry, the use of biological techniques has become widespread to improve the quality of the seed material of tubers, reduce the incidence and damage of potato pests.

Methods. Studies on the effectiveness of the use of biological and chemical techniques on potatoes were carried out at the experimental field of the Kostroma Research Institute of Agricultural Research — a branch of the A.G. Lorch Potato Research Center in 2021–2022.

The purpose of the work is to identify the effectiveness of the use of the biological drug “BisolbiSan”, the intake of ozonation and the chemical fungicide “Maxim” on the yield and quality of potatoes in the Kostroma region.

Results. The evaluation of the use of drugs as a pre-planting treatment of tubers on potatoes of the Favorit variety was carried out. With the combined use of “BisolbiSan” biologics and ozone, the greatest reliable increase in tuber weight from the bush was obtained at 177 g, which is 30.8% more than in the control version. When processing tubers with the chemical mordant «Maxim», the weight increase was 20.5% compared to the control. In all variants, a significant increase in the number of tubers (from 1.5 to 2.6 pcs/bush) was obtained compared with the control variant. The largest number of tubers from the bush (9.1 pcs.) was obtained by joint processing — «BisolbiSan» + ozone. The highest yield of the seed fraction in the amount of 13.8% was achieved when processing tubers with the «Maxim» mordant, which exceeded this indicator by 3.7% in the control version. The joint pre-treatment of tubers with “BisolbiSan” and ozone provided the highest yield of a large fraction (81.9%), while the treatment of tubers with the “Maxim” mordant produced the lowest indicator of all studied options (76.8%).
Development of software for contactless control of UAVs
Authors: Fedorov D. E.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the development of a program for contactless control of a UAV using a neural network that tracks the position of an object. For these purposes, a corresponding model was trained on the ultralytics YOLOv8 neural network. The graphs of the training of this model are presented, demonstrating the change in the magnitude of the loss function over the bounding box and class, as well as the values of the mAP50-95 metric. The training was completed when the value of the mAP50-95 metric was 0.855. Software has been developed to control the UAV using hand movements, its block diagram and description are given. The program reads the coordinates of the hand in each frame, calculates its area, evaluates the received data and sends control commands to the copter, which moves in the appropriate direction for a given step, including a certain group of LEDs. At the same time, the screen displays a simulation of the drone›s movement in two projections (front and top) and displays the relative coordinates of the drone. The software was tested on a Geoscan pioneer mini quadcopter. It can be used for educational, demonstration purposes, in agriculture, UAV sports competitions, aerial photography and video filming and other fields of activity.
Improving the efficiency of using tractors by equipping the drive wheels with a built-in differential
Authors: Kazakov Yu. F. , Batmanov V. N. , Konstantinov Yu. V. , Zaitsev P. V.
Published: February 2024

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Relevance. The efficiency of the use of agricultural wheel units, the process of interaction of the wheel mover with the support surface is influenced by structural parameters, the properties of the support surface and the tire tread, the ratio of vertical load and longitudinal pushing force. In order to reduce wheel slipping, a built-in differential with an off-center application of external knobs and a driving torque is proposed

Methods. For a quantitative and qualitative description of the operation of the wheel, methods of analytical, comparative, information-logical and system analysis of factors that have a causal relationship with the performance of mobile units, wheel propellers were used. The analysis of the propeller operation was carried out by the methods of theoretical mechanics on the provisions of the theory of rolling of a deformable wheel on a deformable supporting surface. The subject of the study is a two-stage process of interaction between the surface and the drive wheel during acceleration. At the first stage, the sprung mass of the tractor moves with a stationary wheel rim within its radius. At the second stage, the movement of the tractor masses occurs with a rotating wheel, the wheel gear operates in differential mode, preventing its external slip.

Results. The wheel differential contributes to maintaining the maximum value of the friction coefficient and the rational ratio of the driving moment and the moment of resistance to rolling. The use of a built-in differential in wheel propellers is a promising option for their improvement, it helps to maintain a high specific longitudinal reaction, preventing slipping and, thereby, destruction of the soil structure. As a result, the productivity of wheeled mobile units increases, fuel consumption and tire wear decrease, soil compaction decreases.
Features of the development of agricultural engineering in the conditions of modern sanctions pressure
Authors: Kleimenova Yu. A. , Bayanduryan G. L.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the current state of the agricultural machinery market and the change in its structure after the imposition of sanctions. The production of the main types of agricultural machinery for 2018–2022 is analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the authors showed that despite the increase in the share of domestic machinery in the market, its production volumes are decreasing every year. In addition, the analysis made it possible to systematize the prospects for import substitution in the production of agricultural machinery. It is shown that under the conditions of sanctions pressure, it is necessary to solve a number of problems that hinder the development of domestic agricultural engineering. Specific proposals are presented aimed at increasing the production of domestic agricultural machinery to achieve the goals of import substitution, as well as providing the domestic market with modern and high-tech types of machinery and equipment, which will allow agricultural producers to produce high-quality products in order to ensure the country›s food security.
Analysis of the dynamics and structure of greenhouse gas emissions in Russian agriculture
Authors: Romantseva Yu. N. , Bodur A. M. , Maslakova V. V. , Kagirova M. V.
Published: February 2024

The problem of assessing the carbon footprint in the economy has recently received much attention in many countries around the world, including Russia. Given the importance of the problem of climate change, the urgent task is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to achieve international climate goals outlined by the Paris Climate Agreement and the Strategy for the socio-economic development of a country with low greenhouse gas emissions until 2050.

Currently, the main global trend in the development of economic sectors is the implementation of ESG principles and a focus on the use of energy-saving technologies, therefore, special attention in all sectors of the economy is paid to the issues of accounting for greenhouse gas emissions and assessing their impact on climate change. Accounting, monitoring and justification of directions for reducing the carbon footprint is also an important task in the context of the formation of the Green Economy. Agriculture is in third place in terms of emissions after energy sector and industry sector. Regular monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions by source is necessary to effectively address the emissions problem and develop cost-effective public policy measures to ensure sustainable agricultural development and develop export potential.

The purpose of the studyis a comprehensive study of the volumes and sources of greenhouse gas emissions, the role of agriculture in the formation of the carbon footprint. The study examines in detail the volume and structure of greenhouse gas emissions in long-term dynamics for 1990–2022. The use of a number of statistical methods made it possible to establish a reduction in emissions in the agricultural sector, which is explained by a sharp reduction in resource potential and the increased use of resource-saving technologies in recent years.
Analysis of the structure of the acreage of the European Union countries with the concept of sustainable agriculture. Germany
Authors: Papaskiri T. V. , Mitrofanov S. V. , Orlova N. V. , Soshnikov A. Yu. , Shevchuk A. A.
Published: February 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the impact of changes in the structure of acreage and the land use system on the sustainability of agriculture in Germany. It is established that the land management system in Germany is decentralized, with regional and local authorities responsible for land issues. According to the German Law on Land Management, land plots must be used taking into account environmental, economic and social needs. This means that land use must be sustainable and meet the needs of local communities and ecosystems. Germany has historically been one of the largest markets for organic products. As of 2020, the share of land under organic farming in the country is 9.6% (1592.7 thousand hectares). In 2001–2020, the area of land under organic farming increased by 56.8%. In general, the land management system in Germany is sustainable and focused on meeting environmental, economic and social needs. The country is actively taking measures to preserve and improve soil quality, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, preserve biodiversity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Germany is also actively developing organic farming and precision farming, which makes it possible to use land resources more efficiently and reduce the negative impact on the environment. However, despite all these measures, the analysis of the reports of the German Government, the OECD and the FAO shows that the country still has problems with pollution of water resources, biocenoses and a decrease in soil fertility.
Features and prospects for the development of rural tourism in the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Ivanova L. M. , Kornilova A. S. , Pevnev R. A.
Published: February 2024

Relevance.Rural tourism is a developing, promising field of activity with specific features. Clients are not just looking for an idle holiday, but want to get acquainted with local customs, and some even want to participate in the production and processing of agricultural products, which leads to an expansion of the range of farm products, stimulates the production of environmentally friendly products, the development of small businesses and the improvement appearance of the village. In the article we examined the essence and importance of rural tourism, described the potential of agrotourism in the Chuvash Republic, identified the main factors hindering the development of the industry, as well as problems that require solutions.

Methods.In the process of observing, collecting, summarizing and processing information, various methods of analytical, economic-statistical, graphical and other research methods were used.

In order to compile static statistical ideas about the state of society and public opinion in the region under study, a cross-sectional study was carried out, for which a questionnaire was compiled and an electronic survey of respondents was carried out.

Results.The analysis shows the underdevelopment of rural tourism in the republic. Despite the high tourist and recreational potential of the republic, factors hindering the development of rural tourism have been identified: low level of development of rural infrastructure, quality of rural roads, poor Internet coverage, lack of modern hospitality facilities, rural residents are not ready for change, improving the level of service, they lack education in the relevant field.

The emergence and development of government programs to support initiatives in the field of rural tourism can become an impetus for the creation and transformation of hospitality facilities in the countryside, and, consequently, the formation of a whole new tourism sector.
Study of bioequivalence of veterinary drugs “Pinpramil” and “Milbemax” in dogs
Authors: Abramov S. V. , Balyshev A. V. , Golovin V. V. , Kochetkov P. P. , Zhuravleva M. S. , Violin B. V.
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of studying the bioequivalence of the reproduced drug “Pinpramil” in comparison with the reference drug “Milbemax”. The experiments were conducted on 12 dogs, which were divided into two equal groups of 6 animals each. Dogs of one of the groups were given a reproduced drug, and animals of the other group were given a reference drug. The studied drugs were injected into the body of dogs once, individually, orally at a dose of the active substance, which corresponded to 0.5 mg of milbemycin oxime and 5 mg of praziquantel per 1 kg of body weight. After administration of the drugs, blood samples were taken from animals 14 times within 96 hours for subsequent production of serum, in which the content of praziquantel (including its active metabolite, trans-4-hydroxypraziquantel) and milbemycin oxime were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The obtained concentrations of these substances served as the basis for calculating their pharmacokinetic parameters in the body of dogs. The statistical analysis showed that the two-way confidence intervals for the Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ ratios were in the range of 80–125%, and the Cmax/AUC0-t ratios were 75–133%. Thus, the research results have demonstrated that the drugs “Pinpramil” and “Milbemax” are bioequivalent.
Verification of a test system for detecting antibodies to bovine diarrhea virus using the enzyme immunoassay method “Cattle VD - SEROTEST plus”
Authors: Lobova T. P. , Mikhailova V. V. , Skvortsova A. N. , Shishkina M. S.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. Agricultural enterprises of the Russian Federation with intensive livestock farming are annually faced with the problem of a respiratory-intestinal nature, especially in young animals. This entails large losses. As a result of problems arising in animals, viral diarrhea of cattle occupies one of the leading places. The urgency of the problem lies in the large economic damage that occurs due to the birth of non-viable offspring, the death of newborn young animals, the development of various forms of pneumonia, decreased productivity, dysfunction of animal reproduction, as well as the costs of carrying out preventive, quarantine and liquidation measures. Reliable laboratory diagnostics allows you to correctly build a strategy to combat the disease. The article presents the results of verification of a test system for detecting antibodies to bovine diarrhea virus using the enzyme immunoassay method “Cattle VD — SEROTEST plus”.

Methods. The diagnostic significance of the test system was assessed according to the indicators of sensitivity, specificity and precision under conditions of repeatability and reproducibility.

Results. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ranged from 1.9 to 11.2%, indicating good consistency of results with intra-laboratory precision under conditions of repeatability and reproducibility.
Influence of various sources of amino acids on composition of intestinal microflora of meat chickens and roosters of parent herd of cross “Smena 9”
Authors: Yildirim E. A. , Ilyina L. A. , Laptev G. Yu. , Filippova V. A. , Dubrovin A. V. , Tyurina D. G. , Kalitkina K. A. , Dubrovina A. S. , Ponomareva E. S. , Fisinin V. I. , Egorov I. A. , Egorova T. A. , Manukyan V. A. , Lenkova T. N. , Degtyareva O. N. , Tishenkov M. S. , Demidova E. S. , Kashporov L. M. , Pashchenko V. E.
Published: February 2024

Relevance. The intensin’s microbiota plays a crucial role in feed digestion and nutrient digestion in farm poultry, influencing zootechnical performance.

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of the addition of lysine and methionine in various forms to the diet on the composition of the intestinal microflora of chickens and roosters of the «Smena 9» cross, as well as to establish a connection between the composition of microflora in different diets with the zootechnical indicators of birds.

Methods. Physiological reseach were carried out on meat chickens of the Plimutrock breed and roosters of the Cornish breed of the parent herd of the domestic cross “Smena 9” selection of the “Smena” SSC. 4 groups were formed (control 1A and experimental 2A-4A) such as of 9 laying heads and 4 groups of 9 rooster heads (control 1B and experimental 2B-4B). Analysis of samples of the contents of blind processes of the intestine of birds was carried out by PCR.

Results. As shown by the quantitative PCR method, the studied feeding factors: various sources of lysine and methionine and a 5% reduced level of metabolic energy of feed had a different effect on the composition of the microflora of chickens and roosters of the parent stock of the new cross «Smena 9». For example, with a decrease in the level of metabolic energy in the diets of chickens, there was a decrease from 1.2 to 5.0 times in such representatives of the normoflora as Bacteroidetes and Eubacteriaceae, compared with similar groups with a basic amount of metabolic energy (p < 0.05). When lysine was introduced into the diet in the form of monochlorohydrate and DL-methionine, a decrease in the weight of ovaries with an oviduct by 6.9 g was noted against the background of a decrease in the level of metabolic energy compared with the corresponding group with a base content of metabolic energy (p ≤ 0.05), whereas when using lysine in the form of sulfate and methionine in the form of a hydroxyanalog of methionine, a similar effect was reduced not noted (p > 0.05). At the same time, shifts in the composition of microflora against the background of changes in diets did not have any connection with the studied zootechnical parameters in chickens and roosters.