bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Communication Skills and Compensation on Performance through Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being of Mental Hospital Nurses in South Sulawesi
Authors: Mubyl Mutiarini , Basalamah Salim , Mus Abdul Rahman , Alam Roslina , Dwinanda Giri
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of communication skills and compensation on performance through Work Satisfaction and subjective well-being of mental hospital nurses in South Sulawesi. The research was conducted at RSKD Dadi and involved 100 field samples using a saturated sampling technique. Data were analyzed using structural equation models (SEM) with the SmartPLS4 analysis tool. The research results prove that, directly, Communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on Work Satisfaction; Communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on subjective well-being; Work Satisfaction, communication skills, and subjective well-being have a positive and significant effect on performance; while compensation has no effect on performance. Indirectly, communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on performance through Work Satisfaction; Communication skills and compensation have a positive and significant effect on performance through subjective well-being. In this latest research, it was found that nurses who can improve their communication skills will increase their Work Satisfaction and subjective well-being, so that their performance will also increase.
Research on the Impact of Public Management Quality on Local Economic Growth in Vietnam
Authors: Trung Ngo Sy , Hai Nguyen Duc , Tuyen Nguyen Van , Tung Phuong Huu
Published: September 2024

Local economic growth is affected by many factors, including both objective and subjective factors. This study analyzes the impact of public management quality on local economic growth in Vietnam in the period 2016-2023. Based on the inheritance and development of many previous research results, the authors apply the Cobb-Douglas function to assess the impact of government capital; consider both the individual and interactive effects between local spending and public management quality on local economic growth. The model is estimated using the system theory method (SGMM) with data collected from 63 localities (provinces and cities) in Vietnam. The research results show that both local spending and public management quality have a positive impact on local economic growth. From the results of this study, the authors propose a number of policy recommendations to improve local spending efficiency and public management to promote economic growth in Vietnamese localities.
The European Union and Romanian Jurisprudential Perspective on the Public Procurement Contract – Category of the Administrative Contract
Authors:   Târgu Mureș Court of Appeal, Romania, Boancă-Ivan Marlena
Published: September 2024

A decision-making relevance for retaining the incidence of the special legislation applicable in the matter of public procurement presents the qualification of the contract as a public procurement contract, subsequent to the analysis of the legal features of the contract, but also of the qualities of the contracting parties. The legal features that particularise the public procurement contract represent autonomous notions, defined by EU law, with the exception of the element relating to the administrative character, not provided for by Directive 2014/24/EU, but mentioned by Romanian law. Also, the qualification of the public procurement contract is an autonomous qualification, in accordance with the provisions of EU law on public procurement, and the qualification of the contract in national law is not relevant from this perspective. Equally, the concepts of contracting authority and economic operators, tenderer are defined not only at the legislative level, but have been the subject of a rich ECJ jurisprudence, which must be taken into account and applied as such by the national judge. In terms of guaranteeing the most efficient use of public money, avoiding the non-application of special provisions in the field of public procurement, as well as consolidating theoretical knowledge in the matter, it is useful to approach the previously mentioned autonomous notions in the light of European and Romanian jurisprudence and doctrine.
MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES OF COLLECTIVE HOUSING BUILDINGS
Authors: HUSEINI Idaver , KRASNIQI Nexhmi , ALAJ Anjeza
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this paper is to present a case study about the audit of the maintenance process of the collective housing building in the Municipality of Lipjan - Republic of Kosovo. The research methodology included interviews, audit of the residential facility and maintenance process, and database analysis of facility user requests for maintenance. The results showed that the average attendance of accepted requests is low and the biggest requests are related to the maintenance of the common space, electrical installations and the physical condition of the common spaces, including mainly doors and windows. According to the maintenance management, the need for a better structuring of the initial request acceptance system and greater rigor towards the quality of services was verified. The paper expands the knowledge regarding the maintenance process of buildings for collective housing and this characterization of the maintenance management of the said facilities will hopefully serve as a reference point for such facilities.
LANDSLIDE RISK ASSESSMENT IN A NEIGHBORHOOD IN THE VILLAGE OF PIROK NEAR TETOVE
Authors: HUSEINI Idaver , KRASNIQI Nexhmi , IDRIZI Asan , HASANI-ZIBERI Semijale
Published: September 2024

Quantitative landslide risk assessment, considering the area and scale of investigation, represents a research challenge, that is reflected by need to analyse, in an analytical manner, using various complex methods. Those methods of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary observation, engineering geological and geotechnical modelling of natural parameters and causes of terrain instability are performed for landslide hazard and risk assessment. The deterministic and probabilistic dynamics models are applied to define and determine the relevant parameters that affect the quantitative landslide risk assessment. This eliminates the possibility of errors due to the subjectivity of the researcher. “Pirok”, near Tetove, is chosen as a case study. This landslide is known as a very active landslide that for a century threatens housing and infrastructure facilities, as well as the population that still lives on it. The “Pirok” landslide is active, deep, slow and complex landslide with periods of...
EFFECTIVE COOPERATION FOR AIDING EMPLOYEES FINANCIALLY ANALYSIS OF SWIGGY'S MOONLIGHT POLICY
Authors:   Kamala Nehru College (KNC), Delhi University, New Delhi, India., Meena Smita
Published: September 2024

This study focuses into the way Swiggy’s moonlight policy was effective for its employees, especially its delivery personnel; it also analysed the way this policy led this company to increasing revenue. Analysis of all the tables and graphs indicates that Swiggy’s moonlight policy is positively effective for the progress of Swiggy. After launching this policy in 2022, its company experienced an increase in its employee numbers, which allowed this company to maintain its operations successfully. As a result, this could increase its revenue in the first half of 2023 and expect it to be increased by the end of this financial year.
BRICS IN GLOBAL TRADE: THE EVOLVING ROLE OF SERVICES AND ITS COMPOSITIONS
Authors:   Government Polytechnic College, Tekari, India, Ranjan Vipul , Rani Kumari Deepa ,   Department of Economics, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India.
Published: September 2024

The trade in services has grown rapidly over the last 20 years, which has improved the BRICS countries' overall economic efficiency. All of the BRICS nations' services trade as a percentage of GDP in 2020 varied from 5.5% (China, Brazil) to roughly 12% (India). Based on balance of payments data, India strengthened its position as a net services exporter between 2000 and 2020. Brazil and the Russian Federation saw a decline in their negative trade balances, while South Africa's position stayed roughly neutral. China, on the other hand, saw a sharp growth in its negative trade balance in commercial services between 2010 and 2018, which only somewhat improved in 2019 and significantly improved in 2020. This paper tries to analyse the sectoral composition and FDI in the services sector for each BRICS nation. The main conclusion drawn from this research is that, in order for the BRICS countries to fully tap into the potential of their services economies, they must concentrate on raising the productivity of these industries. Doing so will enhance trade integration, consumer welfare, downstream productivity, and competitiveness.
Meaning in documentary film: Case of “Before the decline of the day” by Ali Essafi
Authors: Elouizi Mustapha
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Russia's geostrategy in Central Africa CEMAC
Authors: Oumarou Abdoulaziz
Published: September 2024

Born from the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia emerged in the early 2000s with a strategy for African countries. It implements its “friendship-solidarity” partnership strategy with the countries of sub-Saharan Africa. With the coming to power of President Vladimir Putin, new cooperation between Russia and the African continent has emerged. The sub-Saharan African space in general, in particular the countries of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC), is becoming a geostrategic and geoeconomic issue for the reconstruction of Russia's power. So, Moscow is committed to conquering the African space with other powers. Thus, the challenges of Russia's strategy in the area of the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC), the better its power strategy is constructed in the CEMAC zone using theoretical currents such as classical realism and transnationalism. Thus, Russia's presence in the CEMAC zone is visible through diplomatic-military activity and also by the economic and social actors who contribute to building its power in this zone of Africa.
CHAPTER 11: Guidelines for Decolonising Higher Education Curricula: A Case Study in Health Sciences
Authors: Koch Rhea , Pool Jessica , Heymans Yolande
Published: September 2024

South Africa’s complex history with colonialism has left its imprint on the Higher Education Institutions. Decolonisation can address historical injustices and create a more inclusive educational environment. Despite the awareness of its significance, many Higher Education Institutions grapple with decolonisation. This is due to varied approaches and resistance. The study reported in this chapter explored how Health Professions educators at a South African university perceive decolonisation. It uses the insights from its findings to develop guidelines to inform the decolonising of health professions education curricula. The chapter is set to exemplify possibilities other fields of study could consider in pursuing a decolonisation project of their curricula.
Criterios del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europa sobre el régimen general de los impuestos especiales de fabricación
Authors: Gomar Giner Vicente
Published: September 2024

En esta obra se pretende profundizar en el análisis de los «grandes desconocidos» en el ámbito tributario, esto es, los impuestos especiales de fabricación. Estos impuestos generan una recaudación enorme para los Estados y, además, permiten perseguir fines sociales y medioambientales con gran eficacia. En cambio, existe poco conocimiento sobre los mismos y, especialmente, sobre sus características. En este libro se analiza la problemática surgida en los impuestos especiales de fabricación desde una perspectiva europea, estudiando para ello todas las sentencias dictadas por el TJUE en la materia. Asimismo, teniendo en cuenta las soluciones fijadas por el TJUE en sus sentencias, se proponen una serie de criterios que facilitan que las nuevas normas que se creen en el futuro cumplan con la interpretación del TJUE. Además, teniendo en cuenta que existen muchos impuestos especiales en Europa, estos criterios también permiten analizar si las normas actualmente vigentes en los Estados respetan la jurisprudencia europea o si, por el contrario, existe un nuevo caso de «céntimo sanitario».
DAN BRAUNNING “FARISHTALAR VA IBLISLAR” ASARIDA UCHRAYDIGAN BA’ZI LINGVOKULTURЕMALARNING INGLIZ TILIDAN O‘ZBЕK TILIGA TARJIMASI XUSUSIDA
Authors: Anvarova Farangiz
Published: September 2024

This articlе еxaminеs thе issuеs of translating a numbеr of linguaculturеs from Еnglish into Uzbеk usеd in thе work “Angеls and Dеmons” bу thе famous Amеrican writеr Dan Brown. Thе work еxaminеs in dеtail thе translation difficultiеs in thе рrocеss of translating linguaculturеs and waуs of achiеvе to adеquacу in thеir translation.
GENDER YONDASHUV ASOSIDA BITIRUVCHI SINF O‘QUVCHILARIDA IJTIMOIY MADANIY KOMPETENTLIKNI SHAKLLANTIRISH TEXNOLOGIYALARI
Authors: Karimov Habibulla
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of formation of social and cultural competence in students of the graduating class based on the gender approach. Sociocultural competence is a person's ability to function successfully in various social and cultural contexts, to communicate effectively, and to establish relationships with others. It includes social skills, cultural awareness, and intercultural communication.
Antisépticos y desinfectante una necesidad practica en la formación de estudiantes de Enfermería del pregrado. Una primera aproximación
Authors: Huanca Condori Cinthya Susana , Humerez Callizaya Maribel Yoli , Paucara Chino Fanny Soledad , López Alcon Beatriz , Espinoza Luna Leslie Lourdes , Huampu Arratia Fortunato , Huasco Machaca Marcela , Requeza Condori Miriam , Mejia Guachalla Rosmery Frida , Calle Castillo Mary , Jarandilla Calle Sergio , Huanca Cortes Máxima
Published: September 2024

There are three types of processes that vary according to the nature of the agent used to eliminate pathogens, among the chemical agents are different substances known as antiseptics and disinfectants (1). Objective: To identify the level of knowledge about antiseptics - disinfectants in the hospital area of students from 6th to 8th Semesters of the UAC Pucarani Nursing Course. Material and methods: descriptive, transversal type, the survey method and the instrument a questionnaire with eight open questions, the information collected was introduced to the Excel version 2010 program describing the results in tables and figures. Results and conclusions: According to the results, students know how to differentiate an antiseptic from a disinfectant. It is concluded that they adequately identify which agents are most used today, indicating which substance to choose in case of an open wound, as well as when and how a disinfectant loses its action.
When the Curioso Meets the Curator: Engaging Students Outside of the Classroom
Authors: Toups Megan L.
Published: September 2024

University special collections librarians and archivists have a primary mission to engage students with the material in our collections. For small liberal arts schools this engagement has traditionally happened in a classroom setting, mediated by faculty. In this paper, I advocate for an important extracurricular role for special collections and archives, a role that engages students at their locus of personal interest regardless of its curricular relevance. This new role helps to support our students’ lifelong learning goals and helps fulfill the mission of liberal arts schools to foster self-directed learning. After reviewing current literature relevant to this issue, I present a case study of a recent collaboration between Trinity University’s Special Collections and Archives and two Trinity freshman students to illustrate how this extracurricular role can impact student learning and the wider campus community. A discussion follows addressing issues of significance, scalability, and sustainability at both small and large institutions.
Building a Special Collection of Popular and Middlebrow Fiction, 1900-1950
Authors: Brown Erica
Published: September 2024

In 2011, Sheffield Hallam University, UK, launched an archive of popular and “middlebrow” fiction published between 1900 and 1950. This article will describe the innovative practices developed at the university to collect, research, and catalog the novels, and how members of the public have been actively involved in these processes. As well as producing significant scholarly outputs, this project formed an innovative Impact Case Study for submission to the Research Excellence Framework in 2014. This system for assessing the quality of research in UK higher education institutions requires departments to demonstrate the impact their research has had outside academia.
What Was Old Is New Again: Managing Streaming Archival Films on Multiple Hosted Platforms
Authors: Clemons Jessica , Bresson Reed
Published: September 2024

Time-lapse film is an engaging media to help deliver messages about our natural and built environments. The F. Franklin Moon Library at the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (ESF), has a rich collection of films by a faculty member, one of the pioneers of time-lapse photography, from the 1950s through the 1980s which were deteriorating. With no usable equipment available to view film, we needed to move to a digital platform to make these films accessible for future students, alumni, and researchers. This case study describes the multi-platform process that we used in the F. Franklin Moon Library to engage students in special collections and bring a valuable special collection to the public.
Conducting a SWOT Analysis: Evaluating the Student Employee Program in Archives and Special Collections at New Mexico State University
Authors: Allison Sarah M.
Published: September 2024

Student employees within an Archives and Special Collections department support the public service and collection management responsibilities at many academic libraries. What tools can be used to evaluate a student employee program from within the department? Can utilizing a business management tool work within a library department? This paper outlines the steps taken to conduct a SWOT Analysis to evaluate the student employee program, and the outcomes and recommendation, at New Mexico State University Archives and Special Collections Department. While the focus is on a selected department within an academic library, the principals could be applied in any areas of the library where students are employed.
“It’s Like Holding History in Your Hands”: Using Inquiry-Based Learning in an Interdisciplinary Special Collections Instruction Session
Authors: Knoff Meredith , Cech Maureen
Published: September 2024

As undergraduate curricula move toward an active, interdisciplinary model, librarians and archivists are able to implement new, more inquiry-based activities into library instruction sessions. This opportunity allows students to develop their information literacy skills in an engaging and personal learning laboratory environment while benefiting from a rich classroom experience. This article discusses a collaboration between the library and an emerging academic program at a small professional liberal arts school that paired special collections and primary sources with an inquiry-based activity to maximize student learning, demystify special collections, and promote critical thinking.
Collecting Nineteenth-Century Books with Photographs
Authors: Knazook Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

In the years before photographs could be reproduced in ink alongside letterpress text, some publishers experimented with photographic illustration by pasting original photographs into books. Most of these books went unnoticed in library collections and used bookseller shops until a sudden interest in photography and photographic history in the 1970s turned the attentions of librarians, scholars, curators, and collectors to the treasure trove of historical photography that could be found between the pages of a book. Since that time, only a few institutions with an interest in photography have attempted to identify and promote these materials, despite the fact that these books may reside in the stacks of any institution with holdings dating back to the nineteenth century. This article considers the reasons why this may have happened, primarily by examining the attitudes toward collecting nineteenth-century photographically illustrated books that emerged in the late twentieth century.
From Brooklyn to Binghamton: The Vera Beaudin Saeedpour Kurdish Library & Museum Collection at Binghamton University
Authors: De Rouen Aynur , Green Jean
Published: September 2024

The Kurds number over 40 million and are a diasporic people scattered throughout the world, often far from their homeland. An American, Dr. Vera Beaudin Saeedpour started the Kurdish Heritage Foundation, Kurdish Library and Kurdish Museum all out of her home in Brooklyn, NY in the early 1980s. Her dedication to the documentation of Kurdish history and culture lasted until her death in 2010. Honoring her final wishes, Dr. Beaudin Saeedpour’s children generously donated the entire collection to the Binghamton University Libraries. This article describes the efforts of Binghamton University Libraries’ Special Collections to process and preserve this large collection and through collaboration, outreach, and the collection of oral histories with Iraqi Kurdish refugees who are currently living in the Binghamton area, continue the mission of Dr. Beaudin Saeedpour and honor the history, culture and struggle of the Kurds which has received little attention and remained relatively undocumented until now.
An Exploratory Study of the Message System in the Public Transportation Sector in Nigeria: potentials as a low-carbon bottom-up social innovation
Authors:   African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation (AISPI), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Adejuwon Olawale , Onwudiegwu Chinwe ,   African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation (AISPI), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Ogundari Ibikunle ,   African Institute for Science Policy and Innovation (AISPI), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

Bottom-up social innovations are being used in the transportation sector with unintended outcomes for carbon emission reducing potentials. Activists and policy makers have called for studies on the potentials of such innovations in reducing carbon emissions to aid policy recommendations. This study explores the potentials of such an innovation in the transport sector in Nigeria of reducing carbon emissions. Called Message by users, this social innovation is used like an informal courier service to deliver items of trade, documents and medicine among others using the public transportation system. This social innovation saves users costs of transporting the items themselves using public or private transportation or formal courier services. Data on number of Messages sent was collected by personal observation at a public transport terminal for Ikeja bound passengers from Ile-Ife (towns in southwestern Nigeria) for seven days. Ninety-four Messages consisting of 106 items were observed to be sent at the terminal using the Message system during the period. Two scenarios that may lead to savings in carbon emissions were highlighted in the study; the first, if the sender boards a public transportation vehicle to deliver the item and the second, if private transportation was used rather than the Message system. The round-trip distance for the two options was estimated to be 400 Km. A six-passenger 2-litre engine public transportation vehicle which consumes an estimated 9L/100 Km was assumed for the study. The results showed that for the first scenario, 1,297.2 Kg CO2 will be produced and 7783.2 Kg CO2 for the second scenario if senders had used these alternatives other than the message system for the 94 Messages. The study concludes that the Message can be regarded as a Low-carbon Bottom-up social innovation and recommends public and/or private efforts to scale-up this innovation in other climes.
Does Learning-By-Exporting Affect Manufacturing Competitiveness of Firms in Nigeria?
Authors:   Innovation and Technology Policy Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research, Ibadan, Nigeria, Popoola Olufemi , Quadri Faruq
Published: September 2024

The unimpressive state of the Nigerian manufacturing sector underscores the need for policy actions to improve the performance of the sector. This is reflected by the harsh innovation environment which constrains learning and capability building in the sector. Using firm-level Enterprise Survey Panel Data for 2007, 2009, 2014 and 2015, the study profiles forms of learning available to firms by exporting and investigates manufacturing competitiveness in the sector. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, Dynamic Panel Model (DPM) via Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and General Method of Moments (GMM). A Manufacturing Competitiveness Index (MCI) was computed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The competitiveness priorities used to explain firms’ competitiveness are firms’ total costs, quality standards, and goods delivery time. The OLS and GMM estimations show that exporting lagged by one period (t-1) is positive and statistically significant in relationship with competitiveness. Learning-by-exporting is positively associated with competitive performance of firms and the lagged learning variables (skill, technology and training) were positive but not statistically significant for the OLS estimation. However, training was positive in the GMM estimates. These results imply that manufacturing firms in Nigeria are not competitive because they are not learning substantially. The findings also provide evidence that the sector is still less competitive in priority areas of quality, costs of operation, and delivery time.
CRIMES CIBERNÉTICOS E A LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: França Beatricia dos Santos Carvalho Pereira
Published: September 2024

Os crimes cibernéticos são uma ameaça crescente na era digital, atingindo tanto indivíduos quanto instituições. A rápida evolução tecnológica e o uso intenso da internet aumentam a complexidade dessas infrações, que incluem desde fraudes até ataques de ransomware. Esses crimes afetam não só a propriedade, mas também direitos fundamentais, como a privacidade e a segurança de dados. O sistema jurídico enfrenta grandes desafios, já que muitas leis foram criadas antes do surgimento dessas novas formas de crime, o que dificulta sua aplicação. No Brasil, a adaptação legislativa é complexa devido ao princípio da legalidade e a demora na edição de leis. Além disso, a natureza global desses crimes exige cooperação internacional, que muitas vezes não ocorre da forma mais simples. A modernização das infraestruturas tecnológicas e a formação contínua de especialistas são essenciais para combater esse mal. Assim, o combate ao cibercrime depende de uma abordagem integrada, com atualização legal, melhoria tecnológica e colaboração entre países, para garantir um ambiente digital seguro e protegido.
Current Exercise Approaches in Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Dursun Omer , Yildiz Ramazan
Published: September 2024

Temporomandibular disorders are clinical conditions characterized by symptoms such as restricted range of motion, deviation during mouth opening, and pain, which develop due to the involvement of the contractile or non-contractile components of the joint. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation, as in many other disorders, constitute the primary treatment step for temporomandibular disorders. Exercise is at the forefront of the preferred physiotherapy and rehabilitation applications in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. In this chapter, where we address current exercise approaches for temporomandibular disorders, exercise approaches are presented in a gradual manner, including patient-centered active mandibular exercises, strengthening exercises, stretching, and posture exercises. The foundation of exercise approaches in temporomandibular disorders lies in the philosophy of improving, alleviating or eliminating the accompanying symptoms to restore mandibular function. The exercise approaches preferred vary and diversify according to the characteristics of the symptoms accompanying the disorder. In this section, various exercises are included, both specific to the temporomandibular joint and for the rehabilitation of habitual malposture, which can be preferred according to the symptom characteristics of the disorder. Patient-centered active exercises and strengthening exercises focus on applications specific to the masticatory muscles, which constitute the contractile component of the joint, including the masseter, temporalis, lateral, and medial pterygoid muscles. Stretching exercises include applications specific not only to the masticatory muscles but also to the cranioservicothoracic region muscles such as the trapezius and sternocleidomastoideus muscles, which are associated with the masticatory system. The diversity in the exercises that can be preferred in temporomandibular disorders once again emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to the patient. We hope that in this section, written with this perspective, our esteemed readers will once again have the opportunity to observe how complex and intriguing the characteristics of the temporomandibular joint and disorders can be through the exercise window presented to you.
Current Exercise Approaches in Lumbosacral Pathologies
Authors: Sarac Devrim Can , Apaydin Umut
Published: September 2024

The lumbosacral region, situated at the lower end of the spine, consists of the lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum. This area serves as a critical junction between the upper body and the pelvis, bearing much of the body’s weight and facilitating a wide range of movements. Given its structural and functional responsibilities, the lumbosacral region is particularly susceptible to various disorders and injuries. Factors such as aging, degenerative changes, poor posture, and physical strain can lead to conditions that significantly impair mobility and cause chronic pain. Additionally, this region houses critical nerve structures, including the cauda equina and the lumbar and sacral nerve roots, which control motor and sensory functions in the lower extremities. Any compression or irritation of these nerves can result in significant neurological symptoms, further complicating the clinical picture. Understanding the anatomy and biomechanics of this region, along with the associated nerve structures, is essential for diagnosing and treating related disorders effectively.

Lumbosacral disorders, affecting the lower back and sacral region, pose a significant challenge in modern healthcare due to their high prevalence and impact on quality of life. As the incidence of chronic lower back pain continues to rise globally, the need for effective treatment strategies becomes ever more critical. In recent years, exercise has emerged as a cornerstone in the management of these conditions, reflecting a paradigm shift from passive to active rehabilitation approaches.

Lumbosacral disorders encompass a diverse range of conditions, with patients presenting a variety of symptoms and underlying issues. Consequently, a thorough patient assessment to identify the primary causes of each individual’s condition is essential for developing an effective, tailored exercise program. Recent decades of research have underscored the critical importance of restoring mobility and flexibility, strengthening core muscles, and promoting overall physical activity in the management of lumbosacral disorders. Hence, this chapter delves into the current exercise-based approaches utilized in the treatment of lumbosacral disorders with a focus on mobility, flexibility and core stability/strengthening along with other exercise-based approaches such as aerobic exercises, water-based exercises, Pilates method and Mind-body exercises.
Current Exercise Approaches in Shoulder Pathologies
Authors: Sonmez Mehmet , Yildiz Ayse
Published: September 2024

The shoulder joint is a very mobile and dynamc joint between the arm and the body.The three-dimensonal movement of the joint allows access to every part of the body. The shoulder joint s a complex consisting of the glenohumoral, acromoclavicular, sternoclavicular and scapulothoracic joints. The shoulder joint functionally allows extension, flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation, protraction, retraction, horizontal abduction and adduction movements. The formation of these movements is generally linked to the harmony of gleinohumeral joint movements and scapula movements. There are many diseases that affect the shoulder joint and muscles. While some of these diseases directly affect the shoulder joint, some cause damage to the surrounding soft and muscle tissues. This damage causes an increase in pain level, difficulty in daily living activities, and a decrease in quality of life.Therefore, the rehabilitation of shoulder disorders is quite important. The main goal of rehabilitation in the shoulder joint has always been to relieve pain. In addition, eliminating the problems that cause pain is also important for pain control. However, in order to irrreversibly treat the pathologies occurring in the shoulder joint, rehabilitation approaches aimed at strengthening the shoulder muscles and regulating the neuromuscular pathways are also needed. For this reason, many dif-ferent rehabilitation approaches have been created for many different reasons in the rehabilitation of shoulder pathologies. In the contemporary literatüre, range of movement exercise, codman pendulum exercise, closed kinetic chain exercises, virtual-reality based exercises and muscle energy techniques are preferred frequently. These exercises have been shown to have mostly effective results in reducing pain, increasing functionality, and improving quality of life. As a result, the effectiveness of different exercise methods in the rehabilitation of shoulder pathologies was demonstrated. This chapter has detailed these exercise approaches and aims to present them to readers as a basis. In this way, it was tried to show which exercise approaches have a place in the current literature for orthopedic shoulder problems of health professionals reading this section.
Current Exercise Approaches in Hip Pathologies
Authors: Arikan Halime , Erol Erkan
Published: September 2024

Physiotherapy approaches aim to eliminate pain, restore joint movement, and enhance strength and agility, with a focus on the hip region. Planned, structured, and intentional physical activity, or exercise, is vital in rehabilitation for improving physical fitness components like cardiovascular health, muscle strength, endurance, flexibility, and body composition.

Various exercise types, including isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic exercises, enhance muscle performance and function in the hip area. The FITT principle (Frequency, Intensity, Type, Time) guides exercise prescription, emphasizing progression and enjoyment to ensure continuous participation.

Aerobic (Cardiovascular) Exercises: Activities like walking, jogging, running, cycling, and swimming improve endurance and benefit hip mobility and stability.

Range of Motion (Mobility) Exercises: These aim to improve hip joint movement and can be active, active-assisted, or passive, targeting flexibility and range of motion.

Stretching (Flexibility) Exercises: These lengthen the muscles around the hip to improve flexibility and elasticity. They include ballistic, dynamic, static, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching.

Strengthening (Resistance) Exercises: These increase hip muscle strength and endurance using free weights, machines, or elastic bands. Key exercises include squats, lunges, and hip bridges, targeting gluteal muscles and hip flexors.

Endurance Exercises: Repeated isotonic contractions, like running and swimming, improve anaerobic threshold and sustain activity, crucial for hip endurance and stability.

Proprioception Exercises: These enhance hip joint and body movement awareness, crucial for balance and movement, including single-leg stands and stability ball exercises.

Neuromotor (Neuromuscular) Exercises: These improve sensorimotor control and functional joint stabilization by focusing on movement quality around the hip, involving controlled leg lifts and hip rotations.

Balance and Coordination Exercises: These help control the center of gravity and execute smooth, accurate motor responses by optimizing muscle interaction, crucial for hip stability. Activities include single-leg balance drills and tandem walking.

Plyometrics Exercises: Explosive movements like jump squats and lateral hops enhance hip muscle strength and stiffness.

In conclusion, various exercises target different aspects of hip health and function. Effective exercise therapy requires understanding the effects of exercise on multiple body systems, functional assessment, anatomy, kinesiology, injury and illness management, recovery, complications, and preventive methods, all focused on the hip region.
Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Erol Erkan , Arikan Halime
Published: September 2024

Cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by a collection of enduring impairments in movement and posture development, stemming from injury sustained in the developing fetal and neonatal brain, resulting in non-progressive activity restrictions. These impairments in CP are not progressive but may worsen with age. CP, frequently accompanied by cognitive, sensory, behavioral and communication challenges, is chiefly distinguished by motor function impairment. Damage to the developing brain due to prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal factors affects the musculoskeletal, neurological, and sensory-perceptual systems, leading to disorders in muscle tone, postural control, movements, activities, cognitive functions, communication, and behavior. To determine the origin and severity of the problem in CP, evaluate changes occurring at different times in infants and children, and predict potential prognosis, classification is necessary. Classification helps monitor the incidence and characteristics of the disease, educates families, and contributes to therapists and doctors in rehabilitation programs. Generally, CP classification can be based on the affected body regions, clinical type according to predominant motor symptoms, and severity of involvement. Over time, the epidemiology of CP has undergone changes. The incidence of CP was lower in the past. But thanks to advances in medical technology and neonatal intensive care units, even babies born very prematurely have begun to survive, leading to increased cases of CP. Later, with improvements in prenatal and postnatal care, the incidence of CP decreased again. Several factors have the potential to damage the central nervous system during early stages of development. These risk factors can be categorized as preconception, prenatal, perinatal, neonatal, and infant periods. Problems seen in CP include muscle tone problems, musculoskeletal deformities, selective motor control loss, muscle weakness, postural control disorders, balance problems, gait abnormalities, epilepsy, sensory problems, mental problems, oral motor dysfunction, visual problems, hearing and speech problems, feeding problems, sensory perception disorders, pain, emotional and behavioral disorders, sleep problems, respiratory problems and bladder-bowel problems.
Early Signs and Early Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Yildiz Ayse , Sonmez Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Early diagnosis of CP is important for treatment and intervention. Early signs of CP include delays in the child’s motor skills, muscle tone abnormalities (increased/decreased tone) and reflex abnormalities (newborn reflexes lasting longer than normal or reflex deficiencies), delay in motor development (delays in sitting, crawling, or starting to walk), impairment in fine motor movements, and seizures. The diagnosis of CP is usually made with a multidisciplinary approach. Medical History and Physical Examination, Neurological Examination, Developmental Screening and Evaluation, and Neuroimaging Techniques are the methods used in diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used as the first diagnostic step after taking the patient’s history, performing a neurological examination, and examining additional disorders. General Movements assessment (GMs) is very important for early diagnosis, especially in children younger than 5 months. It is a critical method for early detection of infants’ central nervous system development and possible neurological disorders. The presence of abnormal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showing damage to the motor area(s) in addition to abnormal motor function detected as “no fidgety” on Prechtl’s General Movement Assessment (GMs) accurately detects CP with more than 95% accuracy. Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) can also be used as it predicts SP at a rate of 61-90%. While each test demonstrates excellent sensitivity and specificity individually, their combined predictive capability exceeds that of any single test, facilitating early and precise diagnosis of CP. Specifically, combining the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) and the absence of fidgety movements with neuroimaging achieves a sensitivity of 97.86% and a specificity of 99.22%.
Adaptive Tools and Equipment
Authors: Dundar Bayram , Yakut Ozdemir Hazal
Published: September 2024

Many disciplines need to work together to treat Cerebral Palsy. The most important role among these disciplines is played by physiotherapists and their practices within the rehabilitation team. The aim of rehabilitation practices is to determine the current mobility of the child and to realize practices that can make the child more independent. Adaptive devices can provide serious support in increasing the independence of the child. Maximum efficiency in recovery can be achieved by recommending the right device for the child’s needs. With these devices, we can support the child’s participation in social life as well as increase the comfort of life. Adaptive devices, which can meet a wide range of needs from sitting aids to robotic walkers, are becoming more compatible with the human body by developing in parallel with the developing technology every day.
Collaborating with Families of Children with Special Needs After Disaster
Authors: Basogul Ceyda
Published: September 2024

Th is chapter addresses the multifaceted fi eld of post-disaster family functioning, highlighting the critical role of understanding and addressing the unique needs of families of children with special needs and the importance of collaborating with families. It explores strategies for family preparedness, highlighting the importance of planning and resource mobilization. Central to this discussion is the imperative of supporting the family system through resilience-building interventions and coping strategies, promoting adaptive responses to adversity. Recommendations are provided for families to enhance their preparedness and navigate the challenges of disasters eff ectively, emphasizing communication plans, access to support services, and fostering a sense of community resilience. Special attention is devoted to assisting families in supporting their children, underscoring the importance of addressing physical, emotional, and psychological needs in times of crisis. In this chapter, the importance of holistic approaches to disaster management that prioritize the well-being and resilience of families and children is emphasized. Finally, it explores the signifi cance of collaborating with families of children with special needs aft er a disaster, highlighting strategies and best practices for eff ective partnership.
Communicating with Children with Special Needs in Disasters and Crises
Authors: Dag Ibrahim
Published: September 2024

Th is chapter focuses on the importance of communication strategies for engaging with children with special needs in post-disaster scenarios. It examines the impacts of disasters and crises on children with special needs. Firstly, the chapter conducts a detailed analysis of the situation of children with special needs aff ected by disasters and identifi es their specifi c risks. Subsequently, it emphasizes the signifi cance of post-disaster communication and the necessity of eff ective communication with children with special needs. Th e chapter discusses fundamental principles for communicating with children with special needs and explores post-disaster communication strategies. Additionally, it provides recommendations for the preparation and education of children with special needs for disasters and crises through example scenarios and practices. Lastly, it addresses awareness campaigns for families and communities, along with the 8 stages of psychological fi rst aid. Th is chapter comprehensively addresses the communication strategi.
Evaluation of Classification Algorithms in Tracing Malicious Telephone Numbers
Authors: Ngo Van Vuong
Published: September 2024

Mobile phones and telecommunications networks have recently played an important role in modern society. They are dispensable parts of our lives as they facilitate the way we communicate. However, apart from their benefit, their proliferation has some drawbacks as telephone networks can be exploited. For example, commercial calls can be made repeatedly to advertise companies’ products. These calls annoy customers because they promote products without considering customers’ interests. These unexpected calls not only cause a negative impact on the networks but also disturb mobile phone users. To confront this problem, the network administrators need some methods to detect the phone numbers that are used to make the harassment. Therefore, we proposed a solution based on machine learning classification models. Then the performance of some models, namely K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression, is compared. By applying the machine learning models, network administrators can identify and restrict malicious telephone numbers.
Ripeness Assessment and Quality Control of Mango Gold Susu using an E-Nose System
Authors: Fakhrul Anwar Nur Irdina , Za'bah Nor Farahidah , Md Ralib Aliza Aini
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the development and implementation of an electronic nose (e-nose) system utilizing the MQ sensor series from MOS-type gas sensors to classify mango gold susu ripeness is presented. The system's performance was enhanced through machine learning techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for data dimensionality reduction and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. The SVM classifier demonstrated high accuracy, particularly in identifying unripe and overripe mangoes, with accuracy scores of 1.00 and 0.99, respectively. A comprehensive database of volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles was established, leading to a precise prediction model for assessing the different stages of ripeness based on the mango’s VOC profile.