bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Induced superconductivity in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide heterostructures
Authors: Wan Zhong , Kazakov Aleksandr , Manfra Michael J. , Pfeiffer Loren N. , West Ken W. , Rokhinson Leonid P.
Published: June 2015

Search for Majorana fermions renewed interest in semiconductor–superconductor interfaces, while a quest for higher-order non-Abelian excitations demands formation of superconducting contacts to materials with fractionalized excitations, such as a two-dimensional electron gas in a fractional quantum Hall regime. Here we report induced superconductivity in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide heterostructures and development of highly transparent semiconductor–superconductor ohmic contacts. Supercurrent with characteristic temperature dependence of a ballistic junction has been observed across 0.6 μm, a regime previously achieved only in point contacts but essential to the formation of well separated non-Abelian states. High critical fields (>16 T) in NbN contacts enables investigation of an interplay between superconductivity and strongly correlated states in a two-dimensional electron gas at high magnetic fields.
A posteriori correction of camera characteristics from large image data sets
Authors: Afanasyev Pavel , Ravelli Raimond B. G. , Matadeen Rishi , De Carlo Sacha , van Duinen Gijs , Alewijnse Bart , Peters Peter J. , Abrahams Jan-Pieter , Portugal Rodrigo V. , Schatz Michael , van Heel Marin
Published: June 2015

Large datasets are emerging in many fields of image processing including: electron microscopy, light microscopy, medical X-ray imaging, astronomy, etc. Novel computer-controlled instrumentation facilitates the collection of very large datasets containing thousands of individual digital images. In single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (“cryo-EM”), for example, large datasets are required for achieving quasi-atomic resolution structures of biological complexes. Based on the collected data alone, large datasets allow us to precisely determine the statistical properties of the imaging sensor on a pixel-by-pixel basis, independent of any “a priori” normalization routinely applied to the raw image data during collection (“flat field correction”). Our straightforward “a posteriori” correction yields clean linear images as can be verified by Fourier Ring Correlation (FRC), illustrating the statistical independence of the corrected images over all spatial frequencies. The image sensor characteristics can also be measured continuously and used for correcting upcoming images.
Novelty seeking is related to individual risk preference and brain activation associated with risk prediction during decision making
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Ying , Yang Lizhuang , Gu Feng , Li Xiaoming , Zha Rujing , Wei Zhengde , Pei Yakun , Zhang Peng , Zhou Yifeng , Zhang Xiaochu
Published: June 2015

Novelty seeking (NS) is a personality trait reflecting excitement in response to novel stimuli. High NS is usually a predictor of risky behaviour such as drug abuse. However, the relationships between NS and risk-related cognitive processes, including individual risk preference and the brain activation associated with risk prediction, remain elusive. In this fMRI study, participants completed the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire to measure NS and performed a probabilistic decision making task. Using a mathematical model, we estimated individual risk preference. Brain regions associated with risk prediction were determined via fMRI. The NS score showed a positive correlation with risk preference and a negative correlation with the activation elicited by risk prediction in the right posterior insula (r-PI), left anterior insula (l-AI), right striatum (r-striatum) and supplementary motor area (SMA). Within these brain regions, only the activation associated with risk prediction in the r-PI showed a correlation with NS after controlling for the effect of risk preference. Resting-state functional connectivity between the r-PI and r-striatum/l-AI was negatively correlated with NS. Our results suggest that high NS may be associated with less aversion to risk and that the r-PI plays an important role in relating risk prediction to NS.
Tailoring the magnetic anisotropy of Py/Ni bilayer films using well aligned atomic steps on Cu(001)
Authors: Ma S. , Tan A. , Deng J. X. , Li J. , Zhang Z. D. , Hwang C. , Qiu Z. Q.
Published: June 2015

Tailoring the spin orientation at the atomic scale has been a key task in spintronics technology. While controlling the out-of-plane to in-plane spin orientation has been achieved by a precise control of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at atomic layer thickness level, a design and control of the in-plane magnetic anisotropy has not yet been well developed. On well aligned atomic steps of a 6° vicinal Cu(001) surface with steps parallel to the [110] axis, we grow Py/Ni overlayer films epitaxially to permit a systematic exploration of the step-induced in-plane magnetic anisotropy as a function of both the Py and the Ni film thicknesses. We found that the atomic steps from the vicinal Cu(001) induce an in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy that favors both Py and Ni magnetizations perpendicular to the steps, opposite to the behavior of Co on vicinal Cu(001). In addition, thickness-dependent study shows that the Ni films exhibit different magnetic anisotropy below and above ~6 ML Ni thickness.
Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3C promotes glioma progression by mediating the ubiquitination and degrading of Annexin A7
Authors: Pan Si-Jian , Zhan Shi-Kun , Ji Wei-Zhong , Pan Yi-Xin , Liu Wei , Li Dian-You , Huang Peng , Zhang Xiao-Xiao , Cao Chun-Yan , Zhang Jing , Bian Liu-Guan , Sun Bomin , Sun Qing-Fang
Published: June 2015

The ubiquitin-protein ligase E3C (UBE3C) belongs to the E3 ligase enzyme family and implicates in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thus regulates physiological and cancer-related processes. Here, we investigated the expression and roles of UBE3C in glioma. We demonstrated that UBE3C was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cell lines. Inhibition of UBE3C expression in glioma cells significantly decreased cell migration and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we disclosed that UBE3C physically interacted with and ubiquitinated tumor suppressor gene annexin A7 (ANXA7), resulting in ubiquitination and degradation of ANXA7. Our results also revealed that increased UBE3C expression was accompanied by a reduction in ANXA7 protein expression in glioma tissues, but not ANXA7 mRNA. Importantly, the inhibition of ANXA7 expression in gliomas cells with UBE3C interference could rescue the cell invasion. Clinically, UBE3C overexpression significantly correlated with high-grade tumors (p < 0.05), poor overall survival and early tumor recurrence. Thus, our data reveal that high UBE3C expression contributes to glioma progression by ubiquitination and degradation of ANXA7 and thus presents a novel and promising target for glioma therapy.
Strain-controlled critical temperature in REBa2Cu3Oy-coated conductors
Authors: Awaji Satoshi , Suzuki Takumi , Oguro Hidetoshi , Watanabe Kazuo , Matsumoto Kaname
Published: June 2015

Recently, we succeeded in detwinning REBa2Cu3O7 (RE123, RE = rare-earth elements)-coated conductors by annealing under an external uniaxial strain. Using the untwinned RE123 tapes, the uniaxial-strain dependencies of the critical temperature Tc along the a and b crystal axes were investigated over a wide strain region from compression to tension. We found that the strain dependencies of Tc for the a and b axes obey a power law but exhibit opposite slopes. In particular, the maximum value of Tc is obtained when the CuO2 plane becomes a square and its lattice constant is close to 0.385 nm. It is suggested that a tetragonal structure with a ≈ 0.385 nm is the optimum condition for a high critical temperature in high-Tc cuprates.
Transient silencing of the KASII genes is feasible in Nicotiana benthamiana for metabolic engineering of wax ester composition
Authors: Aslan Selcuk , Hofvander Per , Dutta Paresh , Sitbon Folke , Sun Chuanxin
Published: June 2015

The beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II (KASII) is an enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis, catalyzing the elongation of 16:0-acyl carrier protein (ACP) to 18:0-ACP in plastids. Mutations in KASII genes in higher plants can lead to lethality, which makes it difficult to utilize the gene for lipid metabolic engineering. We demonstrated previously that transient expression of plastid-directed fatty acyl reductases and wax ester synthases could result in different compositions of wax esters. We hypothesized that changing the ratio between C16 (palmitoyl-compounds) and C18 (stearoyl-compounds) in the plastidic acyl-ACP pool by inhibition of KASII expression would change the yield and composition of wax esters via substrate preference of the introduced enzymes. Here, we report that transient inhibition of KASII expression by three different RNAi constructs in leaves of N. benthamiana results in almost complete inhibition of KASII expression. The transient RNAi approach led to a shift of carbon flux from a pool of C18 fatty acids to C16, which significantly increased wax ester production in AtFAR6-containing combinations. The results demonstrate that transient inhibition of KASII in vegetative tissues of higher plants enables metabolic studies towards industrial production of lipids such as wax esters with specific quality and composition.
Construction of porous cationic frameworks by crosslinking polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane units with N-heterocyclic linkers
Authors: Chen Guojian , Zhou Yu , Wang Xiaochen , Li Jing , Xue Shuang , Liu Yangqing , Wang Qian , Wang Jun
Published: June 2015

In fields of materials science and chemistry, ionic-type porous materials attract increasing attention due to significant ion-exchanging capacity for accessing diversified applications. Facing the fact that porous cationic materials with robust and stable frameworks are very rare, novel tactics that can create new type members are highly desired. Here we report the first family of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) based porous cationic frameworks (PCIF-n) with enriched poly(ionic liquid)-like cationic structures, tunable mesoporosities, high surface areas (up to 1,025 m2 g−1) and large pore volumes (up to 0.90 cm3 g−1). Our strategy is designing the new rigid POSS unit of octakis(chloromethyl)silsesquioxane and reacting it with the rigid N-heterocyclic cross-linkers (typically 4,4′-bipyridine) for preparing the desired porous cationic frameworks. The PCIF-n materials possess large surface area, hydrophobic and special anion-exchanging property and thus are used as the supports for loading guest species PMo10V2O405−; the resultant hybrid behaves as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for aerobic oxidation of benzene and H2O2-mediated oxidation of cyclohexane.
A host-microbiome interaction mediates the opposing effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on metabolic endotoxemia
Authors: Kaliannan Kanakaraju , Wang Bin , Li Xiang-Yong , Kim Kui-Jin , Kang Jing X.
Published: June 2015

Metabolic endotoxemia, commonly derived from gut dysbiosis, is a primary cause of chronic low grade inflammation that underlies many chronic diseases. Here we show that mice fed a diet high in omega-6 fatty acids exhibit higher levels of metabolic endotoxemia and systemic low-grade inflammation, while transgenic conversion of tissue omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids dramatically reduces endotoxemic and inflammatory status. These opposing effects of tissue omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids can be eliminated by antibiotic treatment and animal co-housing, suggesting the involvement of the gut microbiota. Analysis of gut microbiota and fecal transfer revealed that elevated tissue omega-3 fatty acids enhance intestinal production and secretion of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), which induces changes in the gut bacteria composition resulting in decreased lipopolysaccharide production and gut permeability and ultimately, reduced metabolic endotoxemia and inflammation. Our findings uncover an interaction between host tissue fatty acid composition and gut microbiota as a novel mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of omega-3 fatty acids. Given the excess of omega-6 and deficiency of omega-3 in the modern Western diet, the differential effects of tissue omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemia provide insight into the etiology and management of today’s health epidemics.
Optimizing cell viability in droplet-based cell deposition
Authors: Hendriks Jan , Willem Visser Claas , Henke Sieger , Leijten Jeroen , Saris Daniël B.F. , Sun Chao , Lohse Detlef , Karperien Marcel
Published: June 2015

Biofabrication commonly involves the use of liquid droplets to transport cells to the printed structure. However, the viability of the cells after impact is poorly controlled and understood, hampering applications including cell spraying, inkjet bioprinting and laser-assisted cell transfer. Here, we present an analytical model describing the cell viability after impact as a function of the cell-surrounding droplet characteristics. The model connects (1) the cell survival as a function of cell membrane elongation, (2) the membrane elongation as a function of the cell-containing droplet size and velocity and (3) the substrate properties. The model is validated by cell viability measurements in cell spraying, which is a method for biofabrication and used for the treatment of burn wounds. The results allow for rational optimization of any droplet-based cell deposition technology and we include practical suggestions to improve the cell viability in cell spraying.
Dual-template docking oriented molecular imprinting: a facile strategy for highly efficient imprinting within mesoporous materials
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Xinglin , Yin Danyang , Li Daojin , Bie Zijun , Liu Zhen
Published: June 2015

Molecular imprinting within mesoporous materials is a challenging task. Herein, we present a new strategy, called dual-template docking oriented molecular imprinting (DTD-OMI), for facile and highly efficient imprinting within mesoporous materials.
Hollow tubular porous covalent organic framework (COF) nanostructures
Authors: Pachfule Pradip , Kandmabeth Sharath , Mallick Arijit , Banerjee Rahul
Published: June 2015

Hollow and tubular TpPa-COF structures with high chemical stability and porosity have been synthesized by template-assisted replication of nanometer sized ZnO-nanorods.
Synthesis of dendritic Pt–Ni–P alloy nanoparticles with enhanced electrocatalytic properties
Authors: Zhang Jingfang , Li Kaidan , Zhang Bin
Published: June 2015

Dendritic Pt–Ni–P nanoparticles were synthesizedviaa wet-chemical route, exhibiting a higher electrocatalytic activity than dendritic Pt–Ni nanoparticles and commercial Pt/C.
In situ high temperature X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and theoretical modeling for the formation of WO3 crystallites
Authors: Pokhrel Suman , Birkenstock Johannes , Dianat Arezoo , Zimmermann Janina , Schowalter Marco , Rosenauer Andreas , Ciacchi Lucio Colombi , Mädler L.
Published: June 2015

The structural transformation of WO3 at high temperatures.
Impact of SDS surfactant on the interactions of Cu2+ions with the amyloidogenic region of human prion protein
Authors: Hecel Aleksandra , Migliorini Caterina , Valensin Daniela , Luczkowski Marek , Kozlowski Henryk
Published: June 2015

In this work, we focused on Cu2+interaction with the hPrP fragment spanning residues 91–127 in the presence of micelles formed by the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate.
An immunomics approach for the analysis of natural antibody responses to Plasmodium vivax infection
Authors: Chen Jun-Hu , Chen Shen-Bo , Wang Yue , Ju Chuan , Zhang Ting , Xu Bin , Shen Hai-Mo , Mo Xiao-Jin , Molina Douglas M. , Eng Michael , Liang Xiaowu , Gardner Malcolm J. , Wang Ruobing , Hu Wei
Published: June 2015

Plasmodiumantigens identified by proteome microarrays provide the clues for understanding host immune response toPlasmodium vivaxinfection.
Highly selective colorimetric and fluorescent detection for Hg2+ in aqueous solutions using a dipeptide-based chemosensor
Authors: Park Jooyoung , In Byunggyu , Lee Keun-Hyeung
Published: June 2015

A dipeptide-based chemosensor selectively and sensitively detected HgII in aqueous solutions by colorimetric change and fluorescent change.
A novel interfacial synthesis of MnO–NiO–reduced graphene oxide hybrid with enhanced pseudocapacitance performance
Authors: Liu Weidong , Wang Xiaobing , Zhang Lishu , Lian Jianshe
Published: June 2015

We demonstrate a synthesis of MnO–NiO–rGO hybrid via an improved interface method with DMF/water double solvent system without addition agents.
Electrocatalytic synthesis of poly(2,6-diaminopyridine) on reduced graphene oxide and its application in glucose sensing
Authors: Qin Yong , Yuan Jie , Ma Jianfeng , Kong Yong , Xue Huaiguo , Peng Yonggang
Published: June 2015

Due to the electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 at the PDAP-RGO, a sensitive platform for glucose sensing was constructed.
In situ growth of ZnO nanorod arrays on cotton cloth for the removal of uranium(vi)
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Liang , Wu Tianhao , Jing Xiaoyan , Li Rumin , Liu Jingyuan , Liu Qi , Wang Jun
Published: June 2015

In situgrowth of ZnO nanorod arrays on cotton cloth (ZnO/CC) was proposed to remove uranium (vi) from aqueous solution. The as-prepared adsorbent is easy separation from the reaction medium after adsorption.
Biocatalytic green approach for epoxidation of fatty compounds derived from soyadeodistillate under acid free conditions
Authors: Suman Sunil Kumar , Dhawaria Manisha , Porwal Jyoti , Aila Mounika , Karanwal Neha , Behra Babita , Kaul Savita , Ghosh Sanjoy , Jain Suman L.
Published: June 2015

An efficient green approach for the biocatalytic epoxidation of fatty compounds derived from soyadeodistillate using Fermase CalB enzyme with hydrogen peroxide under acid free conditions is described.
The preparation of TiO2 composite materials modified with Ce and tourmaline and the study of their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhang Hong , Lv Aiju , Liang Jinsheng , Meng Junping
Published: June 2015

The synergistic effects of tourmaline and Ce on the degradation of methyl orange by a TiO2 composite photocatalyst are described.
Effects of electrolyte concentration and synthesis methods of sulfur/carbon composites on the electrochemical performance in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Guochun , Zhao Wen , Liu Liang , Chen Long
Published: June 2015

S/KB-1 composite prepared by melting-vaporizing method exhibits the optimized electrochemical performance in the electrolyte with 5 M LiTFSI in DOL/TEGDME.
Vinyl esters as effective acetaldehyde surrogates in [4 + 1] cycloaddition based multicomponent cascade
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Bagchi Sourav , Sharma Anuj
Published: June 2015

A new multicomponent cascade has been designed by utilizing vinyl esters as effective acetaldehyde surrogate.
Three-dimensional hyperbranched TiO2/ZnO heterostructured arrays for efficient quantum dot-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Feng Hao-Lin , Wu Wu-Qiang , Rao Hua-Shang , Li Long-Bin , Kuang Dai-Bin , Su Cheng-Yong
Published: June 2015

The ingenious design of nanostructures and smart integration of specific semiconducting metal oxide materials are closely related to the photovoltaic performance of solar cells.
Pinhole-free hole transport layers significantly improve the stability of MAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells under operating conditions
Authors: Ono Luis K. , Raga Sonia R. , Remeika Mikas , Winchester Andrew J. , Gabe Atsushi , Qi Yabing
Published: June 2015

A method has been developed to enable the deposition of pinhole-free spiro-MeOTAD hole transport layers (HTLs) on MAPbI3-perovskite films. Solar cells with pinhole-free HTLs show substantially improved stability under operating conditions.
Altered oxidative stress, apoptosis/autophagy, and epigenetic modifications in Zearalenone-treated porcine oocytes
Authors: Han Jun , Wang Ting , Fu Le , Shi Liang-Yu , Zhu Cheng-Cheng , Liu Jun , Zhang Yu , Cui Xiang-Shun , Kim Nam-Hyung , Sun Shao-Chen
Published: June 2015

ZEN affected porcine oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis occurred. Aberrant epigenetic modifications were also observed.
Analytical solution to magnetic field distribution of a parallel magnetised rotor with cylindrical or ring‐type permanent magnet
Authors: Cheng Wenjie , Sun Yanhua , Yu Lie , Huang Lei , Lv Yiliang , Li Liang
Published: June 2015

Ultra‐high‐speed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) usually use bipolar rotors with ring permanent magnets (PMs) or cylindrical PMs which are magnetised in parallel. The stator of the motor is first simplified as a slotless stator, and an analytical solution to the flux density distribution in the motor is obtained by solving the Laplace's equation in the regions of PM and airgap. Then, by introducing the two‐dimensional relative permeance function, the slotting effects on the radial flux density are also included. Finally, rotors with different types of PMs are studied by the presented analytical method and the finite‐element analysis. In addition, experiments are also performed to verify the results of the analysis. This analytical solution can be used to determine the open‐circuit flux density of PMSMs which have a parallel magnetised rotor with cylindrical or ring‐type PM. With the analytical solution, the dimensionless magnetic flux density in the airgap could also be derived and can be used to calculate the sizes of different rotors with the same airgap flux density easily.
Light‐emitting diode driver with a combined energy transfer inductor for current balancing control
Authors: Lin Yu‐Liang , Chiu Huang‐Jen , Lo Yu‐Kang , Leng Chung‐Ming
Published: June 2015

This study proposes a two‐channel light‐emitting diode (LED) backlight driver specifically for liquid crystal display monitor application that utilises an integrated magnetic component: a combined energy transfer inductor for current balancing. The integrated magnetic component has two functions: as a boost inductor and as a differential‐mode current balance transformer. Under proper design and arrangement, all of the windings are wound on a single UU‐core. This scheme uses leakage inductance as boost inductor for energy transfer and mutual inductance as differential mode transformer for output current balancing. By introducing the magnetic component, power density is increased whereas the overall cost and volume of the magnetic components are reduced in comparison with those values under conventional topology. The operating principles and design considerations of the proposed LED driver were analysed. A 10 W prototype converter with a two‐channel LED string was developed to verify the feasibility of the proposed driver. Experimental results show that the proposed LED driver provides an equal current for a two‐channel LED string.
Rician statistical assumptions for geographic routing in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Popescu Ana Maria , Salman Naveed , Kemp Andrew H.
Published: June 2015

Geographic routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks need to be resilient to the inherent location errors of positioning systems. Proposed forwarding algorithms in the literature make use of the statistical assumption of Gaussian distributed location error and Ricianly distributed distance estimates between sensor nodes. In this study, the validity of the Rician hypothesis when realistic localisation is employed and simulated is analysed. The authors consider received signal strength‐based localisation through the linear least square method. Anchor nodes estimate the position of the target sensor nodes as well as their error characteristics, which are no longer assumed Gaussian. Both theoretical and simulation results confirm that the Rician assumption is not true when realistic localisation scenarios are used, affecting the performance of geographic routing algorithms based on this statistical supposition.
Hydrogen and fluorine co-decorated silicene: A first principles study of piezoelectric properties
Authors: Noor-A-Alam Mohammad , Kim Hye Jung , Shin Young-Han
Published: June 2015

A low-buckled silicene monolayer being centrosymmetric like graphene, in contrast to a piezoelectric hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), is not intrinsically piezoelectric. However, based on first principles calculations, we show that chemical co-decoration of hydrogen (H) and fluorine (F) on opposite sides of silicene (i.e., one side is decorated with H, while the other one is with F) breaks the centrosymmetry. Redistributing the charge density due to the electronegativity difference between the atoms, non-centrosymmetric co-decoration induces an out-of-plane dipolar polarization and concomitant piezoelectricity into non-piezoelectric silicene monolayer. Our piezoelectric coefficients are comparable with other known two-dimensional piezoelectric materials (e.g., hydrofluorinated graphene/h-BN) and some bulk semiconductors, such as wurtzite GaN and wurtzite BN. Moreover, because of silicene's lower elastic constants compared to graphene or h-BN, piezoelectric strain constants are found significantly larger than those of hydrofluorinated graphene/h-BN. We also predict that a wide range of band gaps with an average of 2.52 eV can be opened in a low-buckled gapless semi-metallic silicene monolayer by co-decoration of H and F atoms on the surface.
Spin noise amplification and giant noise in optical microcavity
Authors: Ryzhov I. I. , Poltavtsev S. V. , Kozlov G. G. , Kavokin A. V. , Lagoudakis P. V. , Zapasskii V. S.
Published: June 2015

When studying the spin-noise-induced fluctuations of Kerr rotation in a quantum-well microcavity, we have found a dramatic increase of the noise signal (by more than two orders of magnitude) in the vicinity of anti-crossing of the polariton branches. The effect is explained by nonlinear optical instability of the microcavity giving rise to the light-power-controlled amplification of the polarization noise signal. In the framework of the developed model of built-in amplifier, we also interpret the nontrivial spectral and intensity-related properties of the observed noise signal below the region of anti-crossing of polariton branches. The discovered effect of optically controllable amplification of broadband polarization signals in microcavities in the regime of optical instability may be of interest for detecting weak oscillations of optical anisotropy in fundamental research and for other applications in optical information processing.
Thermoelectric properties of fully hydrogenated graphene: Semi-classical Boltzmann theory
Authors: Reshak A. H.
Published: June 2015

Based on the calculated band structure, the electronic transport coefficients of chair-/boat-like graphane were evaluated by using the semi-classical Boltzmann theory and rigid band model. The maximum value of electrical conductivity for chair (boat)-like graphane of about 1.4 (0.6) × 1019 (Ωms)−1 is achieved at 600 K. The charge carrier concentration and the electrical conductivity linearly increase with increasing the temperature in agreement with the experimental work for graphene. The investigated materials exhibit the highest value of Seebeck coefficient at 300 K. We should emphasize that in the chemical potential between ∓0.125 μ(eV) the investigated materials exhibit minimum value of electronic thermal conductivity, therefore, maximum efficiency. As the temperature increases, the electronic thermal conductivity increases exponentially, in agreement with the experimental data of graphene. We also calculated the power factor of chair-/boat-like graphane at 300 and 600 K as a function of chemical potential between ∓0.25 μ(eV).
Thermal conductivity of Bi2Te3 tilted nanowires, a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Li Shen , Chaput Laurent , Stein Nicolas , Frantz Cedric , Lacroix David , Termentzidis Konstantinos
Published: June 2015

Evidence for an excellent compromise between structural stability and low thermal conductivity has been achieved with tilted Bi2Te3 nanowires. The latter ones were recently fabricated and there is a need in modeling and characterization. The structural stability and the thermal conductivity of Bi2Te3 nanowires along the tilted [015]* direction and along the [010] direction have been explored. For the two configurations of nanowires, the effect of the length and the cross section on the thermal conductivity is discussed. The thermal conductivity of infinite size tilted nanowire is 0.34 W/m K, significantly reduced compared to nanowire along the [010] direction (0.59 W/m K). This reveals that in Bi2Te3 nanowires the structural anisotropy can be as important as size effects to reduce the thermal conductivity. The main reason is the reduction of the phonon mean free path which is found to be 1.7 nm in the tilted nanowires, compared to 5.3 nm for the nanowires along the [010] direction. The fact that tilted Bi2Te3 nanowire is mechanically stable and it has extremely low thermal conductivity suggests these nanowires as a promising material for future thermoelectric generation application.
Predicting the closed-loop stability and oscillation amplitude of nonlinear parametrically amplified oscillators
Authors: Zega V. , Nitzan S. , Li M. , Ahn C. H. , Ng E. , Hong V. , Yang Y. , Kenny T. , Corigliano A. , Horsley D. A.
Published: June 2015

This work investigates the closed-loop operation of microelectromechanical oscillators in the presence of both cubic (Duffing) nonlinearities and parametric amplification. We present a theoretical model for this system that enables us to predict oscillation amplitude and instability and experimentally verify it using a silicon disk resonator with a quality factor (Q) of 85 000 and a natural frequency of 251 kHz. We determine that, contrary to previous understanding gained from analyzing the open-loop system, the presence of cubic nonlinearities does not limit the maximum stable oscillation amplitude if the resonator is operated in a closed loop. In addition, the stability and amplitude behavior predicted by our theoretical model are independent of the presence or severity of cubic nonlinearities, or on drive amplitude.
Frequency stabilization of an Er-doped fiber laser with a collinear 2f-to-3f self-referencing interferometer
Authors: Hitachi K. , Ishizawa A. , Tadanaga O. , Nishikawa T. , Mashiko H. , Sogawa T. , Gotoh H.
Published: June 2015

We report the stabilization of the carrier-envelope offset (CEO) frequency of an Er-doped fiber laser with a collinear 2f-to-3f self-referencing interferometer. The interferometer is implemented by a dual-pitch periodically poled lithium niobate ridge waveguide with two different quasi-phase matching pitch sizes. We obtain a 52-dB signal-to-noise ratio in the 100-kHz resolution bandwidth of a heterodyne beat signal, which is sufficient for frequency stabilization. We also demonstrate that the collinear geometry is robust against environmental perturbation by comparing in-loop and out-of-loop Allan deviations when the in-loop CEO frequency is stabilized with a phase-locked loop circuit.
Morphological phylogenetics of the Tenthredinidae (Insecta : Hymenoptera)
Authors: Vilhelmsen Lars
Published: June 2015

The Tenthredinoidea is the most diverse superfamily of non-apocritan Hymenoptera. It is also one of the largest herbivorous groups within the order, some species having substantial economic impact. Until very recently, no comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of the superfamily had been undertaken. This paper presents the largest morphological dataset assembled so far for elucidating the phylogeny of the Tenthredinoidea. In total, 129 taxa were scored for 146 characters from the adult head, thorax, wings and ovipositor apparatus. The emphasis of the taxon sample is on Tenthredinidae (104 terminals), which is by far the largest family in the Tenthredinoidea. The results of the cladistic analyses confirm the monophyly of the Tenthredinoidea, the first split being between the Blasticotomidae and the remaining families (Tenthredinoidea s. str., also monophyletic), and the monophyly of all families except Tenthredinidae. The analyses fail to consistently retrieve any of the six currently recognised subfamilies within Tenthredinidae, although core clades of Heterarthrinae, Nematinae, Selandriinae and Tenthredininae are often supported. Diprionidae are placed inside the Nematinae under some weighting conditions. The failure to corroborate the tenthredinid subfamilies might be ascribed to an insufficient character/terminal ratio, but also to problems with the existing classification. Inclusion of characters from the male genitalia and the larval stages as well as molecular data currently being assembled will hopefully lead to a more robust classification of the Tenthredinidae in the future.
TLR4 has a TP53-dependent dual role in regulating breast cancer cell growth
Authors: Haricharan Svasti , Brown Powel
Published: June 2015

Significance

This study fundamentally alters our understanding of how TLR4 drives breast cancer. Although TLR4 was previously considered a tumor promoter, we demonstrate a complex, TP53-dependent role for TLR4 in regulating tumor growth. TP53 is a tumor suppressor commonly inactivated across cancer types. In
TP53
wild-type cancer cells, TLR4 activation causes secretion of IFN-γ into the microenvironment, resulting in induction of p21 and inhibition of cell growth. Conversely, TLR4 activation in
TP53
mutant cells promotes cancer cell growth by regulating CXCL1 and CD154 secretion. In this paper, we identify a previously unidentified role for TLR4 in modulating tumor cell growth and microenvironment. The TLR4–TP53 association likely extends across cancer types, suggesting the need to determine the
TP53
status of any tumor before implementing anti-TLR4 therapy.
Peritoneal Pigmentation in Purebred and Hybrid River Herring
Authors: Berlinsky David L. , DiMaggio Matthew A. , Breton Timothy S. , Walsh Jennifer , Kovach Adrienne I.
Published: June 2015

River herring (Alewives Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis [bluebacks]) are congeneric, anadromous clupeid fishes that hybridize in areas of sympatry. Peritoneal pigmentation is the most diagnostic characteristic used to distinguish the species, but pigmentation has not been examined in hybrids. We developed a molecular‐based assay to distinguish purebred river herring species from F1 hybrids and compared the peritoneal pigmentation among captive‐raised purebred and hybrid individuals. Both wild‐caught Alewife and blueback females tank‐spawned with conspecific and congeneric males, but Alewives required exogenous hormone administration. Larvae of both species and hybrids were raised for ∼290 d posthatch, and peritoneal pigmentation was quantified. A nuclear gene (rag2) restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was used for species and hybrid identification. The peritoneal pigmentation was significantly darker in hatchery‐spawned bluebacks than in Alewives, and hybrids exhibited consistent, intermediate expression. Adult individuals collected from the wild, however, exhibited darker (Alewives) or more variable (bluebacks) peritoneal coloration than their respective, captive‐reared juveniles. These results indicated that peritoneal pigmentation alone is insufficient for diagnostic river herring species identification and should be coupled with genetic assays.
Language policy and post-Soviet identities in Tatarstan
Authors: Wigglesworth-Baker Teresa
Published: June 2015

This paper examines language policy and language use as identity technologies in the Republic of Tatarstan approximately 23 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Although Tatarstan is an autonomous republic politically situated within the Russian Federation, it has its own language policy which was implemented in 1992 and which declares Russian and Tatar as the official state languages having equal status in all spheres of language use. Additionally, as a result of an education policy implemented in 1997, Tatar language learning was made a compulsory subject in schools for all nationalities. This research examines how these policies have legitimized the Tatar identity alongside Russian from the top-down perspective, but how these legitimacies are not reflected from the bottom-up perspective [Graney 1999. “Education Reform in Tatarstan and Bashkortostan: Sovereignty Projects in Post-Soviet Russia.”Europe-Asia Studies51 (4): 611-632; Yemelianova 2000. “Shaimiev's ‘Khanate’ on the Volga and its Russian Subjects.”Asian Ethnicity1 (1)]. The focus of this research was to find out how effective these language and education policies as top-down identity technologies have been in post-Soviet Tatar society. An empirical research was carried out in Kazan in 2013 and revealed that asymmetrical bilingualism still prevails in contemporary Tatar society: Russian is used for everyday purposes by all nationalities, whereas Tatar is used as an in-group marker among Tatars within informal settings.
Compatible Lie Bialgebras*
Authors: Wu Ming-Zhong , Bai Cheng-Ming
Published: June 2015

A compatible Lie algebra is a pair of Lie algebras such that any linear combination of the two Lie brackets is a Lie bracket. We construct a bialgebra theory of compatible Lie algebras as an analogue of a Lie bialgebra. They can also be regarded as a “compatible version” of Lie bialgebras, that is, a pair of Lie bialgebras such that any linear combination of the two Lie bialgebras is still a Lie bialgebra. Many properties of compatible Lie bialgebras as the “compatible version” of the corresponding properties of Lie bialgebras are presented. In particular, there is a coboundary compatible Lie bialgebra theory with a construction from the classical Yang–Baxter equation in compatible Lie algebras as a combination of two classical Yang–Baxter equations in Lie algebras. Furthermore, a notion of compatible pre-Lie algebra is introduced with an interpretation of its close relation with the classical Yang–Baxter equation in compatible Lie algebras which leads to a construction of the solutions of the latter. As a byproduct, the compatible Lie bialgebras fit into the framework to construct non-constant solutions of the classical Yang–Baxter equation given by Golubchik and Sokolov.
Solving the Generalized Higgs Model from the Generalized CRS Model*
Authors: Song Ci , Li Yan , Chen Jing-Ling
Published: June 2015

In this paper, we reveal a direct relation between the generalized one-dimensional Carinena–Ranada–Santander (CRS) model and the radial part of two-dimensional generalized Higgs model. By this relation, we construct a series of quasi-exactly solutions for the two-dimensional Higgs model from a solved generalized CRS model.
Solutions and Continuum Limits of Two Semi-Discrete Lattice Potential Korteweg-de Vries Equations*
Authors: Wu Hua , Pan Jia-Jia , Zhang Da-Jun
Published: June 2015

We derive bilinear forms and Casoratian solutions for two semi-discrete potential Korteweg-de Vries equations. Their continuum limits go to the counterparts of the continuous potential Korteweg-de Vries equation.
Explicit Relations of Physical Potentials Through Generalized Hypervirial and Kramers' Recurrence Relations*
Authors: Sun Guo-Hua , Dong Shi-Hai
Published: June 2015

Based on a Hamiltonian identity, we study one-dimensional generalized hypervirial theorem, Blanchard-like (non-diagonal case) and Kramers' (diagonal case) recurrence relations for arbitrary xκ which is independent of the central potential V(x). Some significant results in diagonal case are obtained for special κ in xκ (κ ≥ 2). In particular, we find the orthogonal relation 〈n1 | n2〉 = δn1n2
(κ = 0), 〈n1 | V′ (x)|n2〉 = (En1
− En2
)2〈n1 | x | n2〉 (κ = 1), En = 〈n | V′ (x)x/2|n〉 + 〈n | V (x)|n〉 (κ = 2) and −4En〈n| x|n〉 + 〈n|V′(x)x2|n〉 + 4〈n|V(x)x|n〉 = 0 (κ = 3). The latter two formulas can be used directly to calculate the energy levels. We present useful explicit relations for some well known physical potentials without requiring the energy spectra of quantum system.
Coherent Destruction of Tunneling of Bosons with Effective Three-Body Interactions*
Authors: Niu Zhen-Xia , Yu Zi-Fa , Xue Ju-Kui
Published: June 2015

The tunneling dynamics of dilute boson gases with three-body interactions in a periodically driven double wells are investigated both theoretically and numerically. In our findings, when the system is with only repulsive two-body interactions or only three-body interactions, the tunneling will be suppressed; while in the case of the coupling between two- and three-body interactions, the tunneling can be either suppressed or enhanced. Particularly, when attractive three-body interactions are twice large as repulsive two-body interactions, CDT occurs at isolated points of driving force, which is similar to the linear case. Considering different interaction, the system can experience different transformation from coherent tunneling to coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT). The quasi-energy of the system as the function of the periodically driving force shows a triangular structure, which provides a deep insight into the tunneling dynamics of the system.
f (T) Non-linear Massive Gravity and the Cosmic Acceleration*
Authors: Wu You , Chen Zu-Cheng , Wang Jia-Xin , Wei Hao
Published: June 2015

Inspired by the f (R) non-linear massive gravity, we propose a new kind of modified gravity model, namely f (T) non-linear massive gravity, by adding the dRGT mass term reformulated in the vierbein formalism, to the f (T) theory. We then investigate the cosmological evolution of f (T) massive gravity, and constrain it by using the latest observational data. We find that it slightly favors a crossing of the phantom divide line from the quintessence-like phase (wde > −1) to the phantom-like one (wde < −1) as redshift decreases.
First-Principles GGA+U Study of Intermediate-Band Characters from Zn1−x
M
x
O (M = 3d Transition-Metal) Alloys Suitable for High Efficiency Solar Cell*
Authors: Wu Kong-Ping , Lu Kai-Lin , Jiang Jian-Hui , Gu Shu-Lin , Tang Kun , Ye Jian-Dong , Zhu Shun-Ming , Zhang Rong , Zheng You-Dou
Published: June 2015

The electronic structure characters are calculated for the Zn1−xMxO alloys with some Zn atoms in ZnO substituted by 3d transition-metal atoms (M), in order to find out which of these alloys could provide an intermediate band material used for fabricating high efficiency solar cell. Especially, among of these alloys, the electronic structure character and optical performance of Zn1−xCrxO alloys clearly show an intermediate band filled partially and isolated from the VB and the CB in energy band structure of ZnO host, and the intermediate band characters can be preserved with increasing Cr concentrations no more than 8.33% in Zn1−xCrxO alloys, at the same time, the ratio 0.52 of Eg
FC to Eg
VF in Zn1−xCrxO, (x = 4.16%) alloy is closest to the optimal ratio of 0.57. Besides, compared to the ZnO, the optical absorption does indicate a great improved absorption below the calculated band gap of the ZnO and an enhancement of the optical absorption in the whole solar spectral energy range.
We must teach more effectively: here are four ways to get started
Authors: Dolan Erin L. , Collins James P.
Published: June 2015

Research on how people learn shows that teaching using active learning is more effective than just lecturing. We outline four concrete ways instructors can begin to apply active learning in their teaching: backward instruction design; expecting students to learn more than facts; posing “messy” problems for students to solve; and expecting students to talk, write, and collaborate. Each tactic is supported with references demonstrating its efficacy and advice and links to resources for getting started with active learning.
DRC3 connects the N-DRC to dynein g to regulate flagellar waveform
Authors: Awata Junya , Song Kangkang , Lin Jianfeng , King Stephen M. , Sanderson Michael J. , Nicastro Daniela , Witman George B.
Published: June 2015

The nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC), which is a major hub for the control of flagellar motility, contains at least 11 different subunits. A major challenge is to determine the location and function of each of these subunits within the N-DRC. We characterized a Chlamydomonas mutant defective in the N-DRC subunit DRC3. Of the known N-DRC subunits, the drc3 mutant is missing only DRC3. Like other N-DRC mutants, the drc3 mutant has a defect in flagellar motility. However, in contrast to other mutations affecting the N-DRC, drc3 does not suppress flagellar paralysis caused by loss of radial spokes. Cryo–electron tomography revealed that the drc3 mutant lacks a portion of the N-DRC linker domain, including the L1 protrusion, part of the distal lobe, and the connection between these two structures, thus localizing DRC3 to this part of the N-DRC. This and additional considerations enable us to assign DRC3 to the L1 protrusion. Because the L1 protrusion is the only non-dynein structure in contact with the dynein g motor domain in wild-type axonemes and this is the only N-DRC–dynein connection missing in the drc3 mutant, we conclude that DRC3 interacts with dynein g to regulate flagellar waveform.
A novel function of the monomeric CCTε subunit connects the serum response factor pathway to chaperone-mediated actin folding
Authors: Elliott Kerryn L. , Svanström Andreas , Spiess Matthias , Karlsson Roger , Grantham Julie
Published: June 2015

Correct protein folding is fundamental for maintaining protein homeostasis and avoiding the formation of potentially cytotoxic protein aggregates. Although some proteins appear to fold unaided, actin requires assistance from the oligomeric molecular chaperone CCT. Here we report an additional connection between CCT and actin by identifying one of the CCT subunits, CCTε, as a component of the myocardin-related cotranscription factor-A (MRTF-A)/serum response factor (SRF) pathway. The SRF pathway registers changes in G-actin levels, leading to the transcriptional up-regulation of a large number of genes after actin polymerization. These genes encode numerous actin-binding proteins as well as actin. We show that depletion of the CCTε subunit by siRNA enhances SRF signaling in cultured mammalian cells by an actin assembly-independent mechanism. Overexpression of CCTε in its monomeric form revealed that CCTε binds via its substrate-binding domain to the C-terminal region of MRTF-A and that CCTε is able to alter the nuclear accumulation of MRTF-A after stimulation by serum addition. Given that the levels of monomeric CCTε conversely reflect the levels of CCT oligomer, our results suggest that CCTε provides a connection between the actin-folding capacity of the cell and actin expression.