bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Load monitoring on Pilates training: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: de Souza Cavina Allysiê Priscilla , Pizzo Junior Eduardo , Machado Aryane Flauzino , Biral Taíse Mendes , Pastre Carlos Marcelo , Vanderlei Franciele Marques
Published: October 2019

Background

Currently there are campaigns to raise the awareness of the need to practice physical exercise with several objectives, mainly as a preventive measure. The Pilates method is a form of therapeutic exercise for maintaining and improving health. However, despite being popular, there is still no scientific evidence on the standardization and progression of the method. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a protocol to monitor the progression of daily Pilates loads between the basic, intermediate, and advanced levels, as well as to analyze the effects of the method on psychometric, cardiorespiratory, and autonomic measures.

Methods/design

In total, 54 healthy men underwent 36 sessions of Pilates mat work. Before each training session, cardiorespiratory measures, pain (visual analogue scale), and a psychometric questionnaire were collected. Heart rate (HR), subjective perception of effort (SPE), and RR intervals were measured during the sessions and used later in the analysis of the progression of training load by monitoring the internal training load and heart rate variability. At the end of the sessions, cardiorespiratory measures, the visual analogue scale, and the psychometric questionnaire were measured again. After 15 min of rest, the final HR measurement was made and the participants noted the effort on the SPE scale. The psychometric, cardiorespiratory, and autonomic measures were evaluated before and after each of the 36 training sessions.

Discussion

This is a parallel randomized clinical trial of standardized Pilates training, with the aim of estimating training loads and measuring the efficacy of Pilates through clinical, cardiorespiratory, and autonomic outcomes. The protocol can easily be reproduced and could be used to support professionals in prescribing the method.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03232866. Registered on 28 July 2017.
Correction to: Factors associated with non-attendance at exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Borg Sabina , Öberg Birgitta , Leosdottir Margret , Lindholm Daniel , Nilsson Lennart , Bäck Maria
Published: October 2019

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that the family name of Daniel Lindholm was incorrectly published.
Sclerosing peritonitis presenting as complete mechanical bowel obstruction: a case report
Authors: Saqib Sabah Uddin , Pal Inam
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Sclerosing peritonitis or abdominal cocoon syndrome is characterized by small bowel loops completely encapsulated by a fibrocollagenous membrane in the center of the abdomen. Although cocooning of the abdomen is mostly seen in patients on peritoneal dialysis, it can occur de novo; it very rarely manifests as complete mechanical bowel obstruction.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old Asian man presented with complete mechanical bowel obstruction. He had previous attacks of partial bowel obstruction during the past 6 to 8 months, which was misdiagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis because tuberculosis is very prevalent in the region in which he lives. He took anti-tuberculosis therapy for 3 months but this did not result in resolution of his symptoms. This time he had diagnostic laparoscopy followed by laparotomy in which a fibrocollagenous membrane, resulting in entrapment of his bowel, was excised and his entire small bowel was freed.

Postoperatively he again had a mild episode of partial bowel obstruction but this was relieved with a short course of steroids.

Discussion

Sclerosing peritonitis is a rare benign etiology of complete mechanical bowel obstruction. Patients might have suffered recurrent attacks of partial bowel obstruction in the past that were falsely managed on lines of other conditions such as tuberculosis, especially in endemic areas like Pakistan or India.

Conclusion

Sclerosing peritonitis is a rare benign diagnosis which can manifest as complete bowel obstruction and a high index of suspicion is required to diagnose it. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen is a useful radiological tool to aid in preoperative diagnosis. Diagnostic laparoscopy is usually confirmatory.

Peritoneal sac excision and adhesiolysis is the treatment and a short course of steroids in relapsing symptoms.
Identification, quantification and age-related changes of human trabecular meshwork stem cells
Authors: Sundaresan Yogapriya , Veerappan Muthukkaruppan , Ramasamy Krishnadas Subbiah , Chidambaranathan Gowri Priya
Published: October 2019

Background

Loss of cells in the human trabecular meshwork (TM) has been reported with ageing and in glaucoma. This study aims to identify, quantify and determine the age-related changes of human TM stem cells (TMSCs).

Methods

Isolation of TM cells/ paraffin sectioning was carried out using human corneoscleral rings and whole globes. The TM cells/ sections were immunostained for the stem cell markers ATP-binding cassette protein G2 (ABCG2), nerve growth factor receptor p75 and AnkyrinG (AnkG). Images were acquired using Leica SP8 confocal microscope. The isolated cells were analyzed for two parameters- ABCG2 expression and nucleus to cytoplasmic ratio (N/C ratio). The total number of TM cells and those positive for ABCG2 and p75 in each section were quantified. Spearman rank order correlation was used to determine the association between age and the cell counts.

Results

The TMSCs were identified based on two parameters- high ABCG2 expression and high N/C ratio > 0.7. These stem cells were also positive for p75 and AnkG. The TMSC content based on the two parameters was 21.0 ± 1.4% in < 30 years age group, 12.6 ± 6.6% in 30–60 years and 4.0 ± 3.5% in > 60 years. The stem cells with high ABCG2 and p75 expression were restricted to the Schwalbe’s line region of the TM. A significant correlation was observed between the reduction in TMSC content and TM cell count during ageing.

Conclusion

The human TMSCs were identified and quantified based on two parameter analysis. This study established a significant association between age-related reduction in TMSC content and TM cell loss.
Comparison of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis as first renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease and diabetes: a systematic review
Authors: Maruyama Yukio , Higuchi Chieko , Io Hiroaki , Wakabayashi Keiichi , Tsujimoto Hiraku , Tsujimoto Yasushi , Yuasa Hidemichi , Ryuzaki Munekazu , Ito Yasuhiko , Nakamoto Hidetomo
Published: October 2019

Background

Diabetes has become the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) in most countries around the world. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is valuable for patients newly requiring RRT because of the preservation of residual renal function (RRF), higher quality of life, and hemodynamic stability in comparison with hemodialysis (HD). A previous systematic review produced conflicting results regarding patient survival. As several advances have been made in therapy for diabetic patients receiving PD, we conducted a systematic review of studies published after 2014 to determine whether incident PD or HD is advantageous for the survival of patients with diabetes.

Methods

For this systematic review, the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases were searched to identify articles published between February 2014 and August 2017. The quality of studies was assessed using the GRADE approach. Outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality; RRF; major morbid events, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and infectious disease; and glycemic control. This review was performed using a predefined protocol published in PROSPERO (CRD42018104258).

Results

Sixteen studies were included in this review. All were retrospective observational studies, and the risk of bias, especially failure to adequately control confounding factors, was high. Among them, 15 studies investigated all-cause mortality in diabetic patients initiating PD and HD. Differences favoring HD were observed in nine studies, whereas those favoring PD were observed in two studies. Two studies investigated effects on CVD, and both demonstrated the superiority of incident HD. No study investigated the effect of any other outcome.

Conclusions

In the present systematic review, the risk of death tended to be higher among diabetic patients with ESRD newly initiating RRT with incident PD in comparison with incident HD. However, we could not obtain definitive results reflecting the superiority of PD or HD with regard to patient outcomes because of the severe risk of bias and the heterogeneity of management strategies for diabetic patients receiving dialysis. Further studies are needed to clarify the advantages of PD and HD as RRT for diabetic patients with ESRD.
Chemotherapy and Risk of Subsequent Malignant Neoplasms in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Cohort
Authors: Turcotte Lucie M. , Liu Qi , Yasui Yutaka , Henderson Tara O. , Gibson Todd M. , Leisenring Wendy , Arnold Michael A. , Howell Rebecca M. , Green Daniel M. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Robison Leslie L. , Neglia Joseph P.
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE

Therapeutic radiation in childhood cancer has decreased over time with a concomitant increase in chemotherapy. Limited data exist on chemotherapy-associated subsequent malignant neoplasm (SMN) risk.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

SMNs occurring > 5 years from diagnosis, excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers, were evaluated in survivors diagnosed when they were < 21 years old, from 1970 to 1999 in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (median age at diagnosis, 7.0 years; median age at last follow-up, 31.8 years). Thirty-year SMN cumulative incidence and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were estimated by treatment: chemotherapy-only (n = 7,448), chemotherapy plus radiation (n = 10,485), radiation only (n = 2,063), or neither (n = 2,158). Multivariable models were used to assess chemotherapy-associated SMN risk, including dose-response relationships.

RESULTS

Of 1,498 SMNs among 1,344 survivors, 229 occurred among 206 survivors treated with chemotherapy only. Thirty-year SMN cumulative incidence was 3.9%, 9.0%, 10.8%, and 3.4% for the chemotherapy-only, chemotherapy plus radiation, radiation-only, or neither-treatment groups, respectively. Chemotherapy-only survivors had a 2.8-fold increased SMN risk compared with the general population (95% CI, 2.5 to 3.2), with SIRs increased for subsequent leukemia/lymphoma (1.9; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.7), breast cancer (4.6; 95% CI, 3.5 to 6.0), soft-tissue sarcoma (3.4; 95% CI, 1.9 to 5.7), thyroid cancer (3.8; 95% CI, 2.7 to 5.1), and melanoma (2.3; 95% CI, 1.5 to 3.5). SMN rate was associated with > 750 mg/m2 platinum (relative rate [RR] 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 6.5), and a dose response was observed between alkylating agents and SMN rate (RR, 1.2/5,000 mg/m2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.3). A linear dose response was also demonstrated between anthracyclines and breast cancer rate (RR, 1.3/100 mg/m2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.6).

CONCLUSION

Childhood cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy only, particularly higher cumulative doses of platinum and alkylating agents, face increased SMN risk. Linear dose responses were seen between alkylating agents and SMN rates and between anthracyclines and breast cancer rates. Limiting cumulative doses and consideration of alternate chemotherapies may reduce SMN risk.
Direct RNA sequencing enables m6A detection in endogenous transcript isoforms at base-specific resolution
Authors: Lorenz Daniel A. , Sathe Shashank , Einstein Jaclyn M. , Yeo Gene W.
Published: October 2019

Direct RNA sequencing holds great promise for the de novo identification of RNA modifications at single-coordinate resolution; however, interpretation of raw sequencing output to discover modified bases remains a challenge. Using Oxford Nanopore's direct RNA sequencing technology, we developed a random forest classifier trained using experimentally detected N6-methyladenosine (m6A) sites within DRACH motifs. Our software MINES (m6A Identification using Nanopore Sequencing) assigned m6A methylation status to more than 13,000 previously unannotated DRACH sites in endogenous HEK293T transcripts and identified more than 40,000 sites with isoform-level resolution in a human mammary epithelial cell line. These sites displayed sensitivity to the m6A writer, METTL3, and eraser, ALKBH5, respectively. MINES (https://github.com/YeoLab/MINES.git) enables m6A annotation at single coordinate–level resolution from direct RNA nanopore sequencing.
O setor como determinante da estrutura de capital: evidências após as alterações das alíquotas do IPI no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Rossimar Laura , Kayo Eduardo Kazuo
Published: October 2019

Este artigo utiliza as alterações de IPI realizadas pelo governo brasileiro como choques exógenos com o objetivo de testar a relação entre alavancagem da firma e do setor. Foram utilizados dados de empresas brasileiras entre 2007-2015. O modelo econométrico utilizado foi o diff-in-diff-in-diff. Os resultados mostram uma relação positiva entre a alavancagem média do setor e da firma, relação esta que se mantém para o grupo de tratamento após a inclusão do choque exógeno de redução do IPI no modelo. Estes resultados se alinham com trabalhos que colocam o setor no centro dos aspectos influenciadores da estrutura de capital da firma.
Effect of High Carbohydrate Diet on Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Inflammation in Rats
Authors: Kagal Urmila Anil , Hogade Anil Pandharinath
Published: October 2019

Chronic low grade inflammation is an essential pathological feature of a variety of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These diseases have now superseded infectious diseases where the burden of disease is concerned. One of the important modifiable factors contributing to chronic disease is food high in carbohydrate. This study was planned to study the role of high carbohydrate diet on a model of inflammation induced by Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into 3 groups of 10 rats each. Group I fed with standard diet serving as control; Group II fed with high carbohydrate diet (HCD) and Group III fed with standard diet serving as disease free normal group. CFA was injected subcutaneously into the hind paw 4weeks after starting the diet into groups I and II only. Diet was continued for up to 21days after CFA injection. Digital plethysmometer measured the paw volume. Blood obtained before euthanasia served for estimating cytokines and oxidative stress parameters. A rise in paw edema was seen in control and high carbohydrate diet groups up to day 21. In the high carbohydrate group there were high serum cytokine levels and significant depletion of antioxidant enzymes. The authors conclude that, a high carbohydrate diet contributes significantly to the process of inflammation which has now been established as a significant factor in the causation of NCDs. Therefore it would be prudent to restrict carbohydrates in our diet.
Evaluation of Potentiation Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid on the Antidepressant Efficacy of Escitalopram in Albino Rats
Authors: Vittalrao Amberkar Mohanbabu , Agarwal Saurabh , Kamalkishore Meena Kumari , Poojar Basavaraj
Published: October 2019

Depression is a common problem worldwide since the ages. Mostly it is treated with Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) but they are not effective in each and every patient. Hence other methods for better effective ways to treat depression are needed. This study was divided as acute and chronic study. Each containing five groups control, escitalopram (standard),omega -3 fatty acid (FA),escitalopram + omega -3 FA (2 doses).A 15 min pretest was done followed 24h later by a 5 min test.Various models of depression were used and biochemical analysis was done. In acute study there was no significant potentiation effect seen .In chronic study there was significant potentiation effect of omega 3 FA. Based on the results we conclude omega 3 fatty acid can be considered as a part of therapeutic use along with escitalopram. Further clinical studies may be required to validate the results of this study.
FPGA Based Architecture Implementation for Epileptic Seizure Detection Using One Way ANOVA and Genetic Algorithm.
Authors: Harpale Varsha , Bairagi Vinayak
Published: October 2019

Epilepsy is a brain disorder which produces recurrent seizures as a storm of the electrical activity of the brain. 70 millions of people living with epilepsy in the world and most of them are from developing countries and near about 12 millions of people are residing from India. In rural areas, seizure disorder is not treated seriously so there is a need for awareness and availability of proper medication. Recurring seizures are the major source of diagnosis of epilepsy so real-time prediction using analytical methods is a need of the research in this area. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals are the rich source of the early diagnosis of epilepsy. The basic objective of the work is to proposed real time architecture which could be included in existing EEG monitoring and measuring instruments to mark the seizure occurrence. This will facilitate medical practitioners monitoring primary status of patients and understanding frequency of seizure occurrence. Thus the proposed work provide real-time architecture or improved performance reconfigurable solution to contribute in designing real-time seizure detection system. The EEG processing architecture is designed and implemented in this work, which will add values to the existing EEG monitoring and recording system.
Do teenagers return to normal physical activity levels after limb fractures? A longitudinal, accelerometry-based, activity monitoring study
Authors: Maggio A. B. R. , Martin X. , Steiger C. , Tabard-Fougère A. , Dayer R. , Delhumeau C. , Ceroni D.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This study aimed to elucidate whether levels of physical activity (PA) return to normal after bone healing or whether long-term behavioural changes in PA are to be expected in children and teenagers who have sustained limb fractures.

Methods

In all, 100 children and teenagers with a first episode of limb fracture and 100 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (CTRL) were recruited for a prospective study. PA in limb fracture patients was assessed at 18-month follow-up using accelerometer measurements, and values were compared with those of CTRL. Time spent in PA at different levels of intensity was determined for each participant and expressed in minutes and as a percentage of total validly measured time.

Results

Mean levels of PA at different levels of intensity by previously injured children and teenagers were similar than CTRL (42 sets of paired data). However, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was lower than 60 minutes among limb-fracture patients at 18-month follow-up.

Conclusion

The amount of skeletal loading in children and teenagers returns to normal values by 18 months after limb fracture. Even if time spent in MVPA is not significantly lower in children and teenagers with limb fractures, it no longer reached the international recommendations for school-aged children (MVPA > 60 minutes), which may be interpreted as a lifestyle modification or a behavioural change to avoid new trauma.

Level of Evidence

II
Effektivverzinsung und Volatilität bei Finanzierung mit Zinsbindung und variablen Zinsen
Authors: Clostermann Jörg , Seitz Franz
Published: October 2019

Wir stellen einer festen Zinsbindung von 10 Jahren bei Wohnungsbaukrediten eine monatliche an einem Kurzfristzins angepasste Zinsbelastung bei unterschiedlichen Rückzahlungsfristen gegenüber. Dafür werten wir Monatsdaten seit den 1950er Jahren für Deutschland aus. Damit greifen wir mehrere Zinszyklen, Zinserhöhungs- und Zinssenkungsphasen ab. Im Ergebnis finden wir, dass in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl der Fälle kurzfristig variable Zinsen eine geringere Zinsbelastung nach sich ziehen. Und diese weisen auch noch geringere Schwankungen auf.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЫНУЖДЕННОЙ МИГРАЦИИ НА ПРИНИМАЮЩИЕ РЕГИОНЫ
Authors: Мурашева Светлана Валерьевна
Published: October 2019

Актуальность проблемы воздействия вынужденной миграции на принимающие регионы обусловлена все возрастающим количеством миграционных потоков, направленных из неблагополучных стран в более спокойные, богатые и процветающие государства. Миграция оказывает как положительное, так и отрицательное влияние на страны-реципиенты. Благодаря спросу на товары и услуги работников-иностранцев стимулируется дополнительная занятость, происходит быстрое развитие инфраструктуры, решается проблема дефицита рабочих ресурсов.Но, в то же время, приток приезжих ведет к снижению стоимости на рынке трудовых ресурсов, создает проблемы с внедрением технологий, сберегающих труд, понижает эффективность труда и его производительность, формирует дополнительную нагрузку на социальную инфраструктуру государства. При этом мигранты могут попытаться навязать собственную культуру местному населению, отрицая традиции принимающей страны, в связи с этим велика вероятность возникновения межэтнических конфликтов.

Целью представленной статьи явилось исследование специфики влияния вынужденной миграции на принимающие регионы. Важное место уделено вопросам адаптации и интеграции мигрантов в местах прибытия. Научная новизна предложенных в статье положений заключается в исследовании влияния вынужденной миграции на принимающие регионы. Практическая значимость заключается в возможности использования выводов статьи для разработки эффективной миграционной политики, успешной адаптации и интеграции вынужденных мигрантов в принимающее общество.
ВОПРОС О ВЛАСТИ В ТУРКЕСТАНЕ НАКАНУНЕ И ПОСЛЕ ОКТЯБРЬСКОЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ
Authors: Бочкарева Ирина Борисовна
Published: October 2019

Центральным вопросом революций 1917 г. являлся вопрос о власти: на каких принципах она будет организована, какие пути решения сложившихся в России проблем будут выбраны. Однако в Туркестане, как и других национальных регионах бывшей Российской империи, вопрос о власти был сопряжен с решением национального вопроса, чрезвычайно актуализировавшегося после февральской революции. Туркестанская национальная элита выдвинула проект превращения Туркестана в автономию и передачи власти в крае представителям коренного населения. В тоже время представители российских партий в регионе, включая большевиков, по-прежнему воспроизводили колониальный подход к организации власти. Отказ местных большевиков после провозглашения советской власти в Ташкенте привлечь к управлению краем представителей мусульманского населения стал одной из причин формирования мощного антисоветского движения среди коренного населения региона. Характер решения национального вопроса в регионе в период революций 1917 гг. и гражданской войны во многом определил процесс последующего национального строительства и политическую карту Центральной Азии.
The national register of diabetes mellitus. Report 2. Epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and incidence of its complications in children of Moscow
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Lebedev N. B. , Suntsov Yu. I. , Scherbacheva L. N. , Kurayeva T. L. , Maximova V. P. , Gubanov N. V. , Andrianova Ye. A. , Trofimenko Ye. V. , Kudryakova S. G. , Ryzhkova S. V. , Milenkaya T. M. , Tokmakova A. Yu. , Galstyan G. R. , Mischenko B. N. , Arbuzova T. I. , Knyazeva A. P. , Andreichenko A. P. , Pilyutik V. F.
Published: October 2019

The National Register of Diabetes Mellitus in children living in Moscow has been created. By January 1, 1995 there were 892 children with insulin-dependent diabetes in Moscow. The prevalence and incidence of the disease were, respectively, 57 and 11.2 per 100,000 children. The degree of compensation of the metabolic control in the population in general was poor (Hb A1 13.4+2.8%, Hb Alc 10.012%). The incidence of diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, sensory neuropathy, microalbuminuria, limited morbidity of the joints, growth delay was 4.5, 3.2, 3.3, 8.7, 7, and 3.1%, respectively.
Remote effects of exposure to pesticides and the incidence of diabetes mellitus in rural areas
Authors: Abusuyev S. A. , Khachirov D. G.
Published: October 2019

Diabetogenic effect of organochlorine, organophosphorus, and copper-containing pesticides and. to a lesser degree, of carbamates, has been established. Diabetes developed in remote periods after exposure to these agents. The relationship between diabetes incidence and the type of pesticide and its concentration used at a certain territory is statistically unreliable, which may be explained by the multifactorial nature of this disease; the correlation is medium-expressed. A greater diabetogenic action was observed for type II diabetes; the ecological risk index, characterizing the tendency to increase of the morbidity, is more informative. The authors explain the diabetogenic effect of pesticides by their general toxic action.
Inter-relações entre os índices financeiros setoriais da Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo e o índice Ibovespa
Authors: Zambon Monte Edson
Published: October 2019

Esta pesquisa verificou as inter-relações entre os índices setoriais da BOVESPA e o índice global IBOVESPA. Adotou-se o modelo vetorial autorregressivo (VAR) e o teste de cointegração de Johansen. Os resultados demonstraram que não existe relação de longo prazo (cointegração) entre os índices. Entretanto, existe uma interdependência entre os índices no curto prazo, revelando que os efeitos positivos ou negativos podem ser disseminados entre os índices analisados, que podem, por sua vez, impactar diretamente nas decisões de investimentos dos agentes econômicos e financeiros, especialmente no que tange à diversificação de suas carteiras de ativos.
Information Management in Special Archives of Kolkata A Case Study
Authors: Mitra Sanjukta , Banerjee Swapna
Published: October 2019

Archives are the important information centre along with libraries and museums in respect to preservation of historical documents. And similar to libraries archives also exist in different categories like academic, special, governmental, newspaper and private archives. This article is dealing with one of this category and that is Special Archives. The research area that has been chosen for the data collection is central part of Kolkata. These archives are being studied to know how they are organising the documents and preserving them for future posterity. Finally, the paper tries to highlight the problems these traditional archives are facing in this digital era, especially handling of documents for digitising the archival materials. The problems are mainly related to skills and financial support for digitising the archival documents.
Parametric Study of the Reltron Oscillators
Authors: Jain P. K. , Mahto Manpuran
Published: October 2019

In this paper, effect of the input DC electrical parameters, such as, pulse shape, cathode voltage and the postacceleration voltage on the performance of reltron oscillator have been investigated. For this purpose, a typical reltron oscillator has been designed and simulated. The mode of excitation, resonant frequency and electric field patterns in the RF modulation cavity of the reltron structure has been studied through electromagnetic simulation. The RF output performance and effect of DC electric pulse shape is studied through 3D PIC simulation. To get a practical insight of the excitation signal effect on the performance of device operation, various pulse shapes with different rise, hold and fall time have been studied the pulse of hold time 70 ns and rise and fall time of 5 ns gives maximum stable RF power. Device parametric analysis for the different cathode and post-acceleration voltages has also been investigated. With a beam current of 750 A, cathode voltage of 200 kV and post-acceleration voltage of 800 kV, the device provides ~350 MW with ~46% efficiency.
Reliable Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Communications using MIMO for Mitigation of Microwave Absorption by Earths Oxygen
Authors: Agrawal Anurag Vijay , Rawat Meenakshi
Published: October 2019

Microwaves are used to communicate with satellite and terrestrial communication networks. But as microwaves pass through the Earth’s atmosphere, the oxygen gas absorbs microwave. In this 5G era, when the whole world is moving towards high data-rates and reliable communications, this absorption affects the data transmission in Integrated Satellite/Terrestrial Communication (ISTC) systems, which leads to degradation of the system performance. The multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology has become a boon for modern wireless communication systems to achieve the necessities of higher data-rates and communication reliability. The paper analyses the MIMO effect on block error rate (BLER), error vector magnitude (EVM) and throughput performance of the data transmission with different MIMO configurations. The paper establishes that better data-rates as well as reliable data communication is achieved with higher order MIMO configurations. MIMO 8×1 provides 5, 20 and 42.5 times improved performance to BLER; 5.26%, 25% and 81.82% in throughput; and 10.34%, 23.07% and 28% in EVM calculations as comparable to MIMO 4×1, MIMO 2×1 and SISO 1×1, respectively at 15 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The authors also give a new concept of multi-cellular layers based mobile communication network, useful for future smart cities.
An Analytical Approach to Design Camouflage Net for Microwave Absorption
Authors: Singh Jaydeep , Singh Dharmendra
Published: October 2019

Microwave absorption has been the key for reduction of radar cross section in the field of stealth technology. In this field, hiding troop details from reconnaissance systems is taken care by enhancing absorption properties of the material. The demand of masking detectable equipment can be met with the help of a flexible net type structure called camouflage net. Optimising and measuring the absorption of the net, comprising of cloth and coating of the radar absorbing materials over the cloth is very challenging task. The task is being accomplished by using trial and error method, which is very cumbersome process and leads to tremendous waste of potential, material and manpower. Therefore, an attempt to develop an analytical methodology using the permittivity and permeability of the fabric material, to minimise this limitation, has been presented in this paper by critically analysing simulated results for various composites. The approach seems to have good potential for developing the camouflage net, especially in the microwave regime.
The Language Commons: An Innovative Space Supporting Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Giering Judith , Fitzgerald Hope
Published: October 2019

In 2015, language faculty and administrators at a large public university met to evaluate the needs of the more than 20 language programs offered on campus. A priority emerged for language learning space better equipped to facilitate authentic interaction and communication. The committee conceived of an alternative language learning space that would be motivating, collaborative, and inviting, and offer a variety of technologies in support of innovative teaching and learning.  Now in its second year of operation, the Language Commons facilitates formal and informal learning activities for students and faculty that are aligned with current theory and practice of Second Language Acquisition. Language faculty utilize the space for innovative instructional activities that might otherwise be limited by small, inflexible classroom spaces. This article describes the development of the Language Commons from initial conception through design, and the rich array of activities occurring in the space, featuring examples of faculty uses of Commons spaces and technologies. Preliminary outcomes suggest the Commons is valued for its support of student motivation, lowering of anxiety, opportunities for community engagement, and as a place to disrupt classroom hierarchies and routines.
Strang(er) Places: Collaborative Creativity in Real and Virtual Spaces
Authors: Perkins Tanya
Published: October 2019

In the writing classroom, collaborative learning often takes the form of co-authoring, peer workshops or critique sessions. While useful, what other active learning approaches might be effective, particularly in light of the range of media with which students are increasingly familiar? World-building—creation of an alternative/speculative or futuristic land, world or universe—offers an approach to fiction writing amenable to both creative collaboration and digital modalities. This article examines how a team-based world-building project in an advanced writing course engenders creative-making through active learning and collaboration;  builds upon the multi-modalities and genres through which many students already engage with fiction (video, online and/or fantasy role-playing games, horror, speculative and science fiction); and leverages both physical and virtual space as creative collaborative environments.  With this approach, students in a seated class team up to create original alternative worlds in an online environment--including production of both digital and physical artifacts--within which their own (individual) stories are set. The result is movement between real and virtual space, as well as between shared creative acts and personal imaginative writing.
Introduction Special Issue on Physical Spaces
Authors: Morrone Anastasia S.
Published: October 2019

JD Walker’s foreword to this special issue sets the context for the need for studies like those in this volume that explore innovative ways to integrate technology in physical learning spaces. We issued the call for abstracts for this special issue in September 2018 and expected a variety of different article types including empirical research, case studies, reflective essays, and critiques. We received 36 abstracts and it was interesting to me that the overwhelming majority were case studies. I didn’t know why. After all, much has now been written about the importance of active learning and the classrooms and informal learning spaces that support active learning. But as we began the review process, the reason became clear. The research on the use of technology in physical classrooms is still relatively new and we appear to be in a time of active exploration of creative and collaborative use of technologies in physical learning spaces.
Estrategias para el despacho económico con fuentes renovables intermitentes
Authors: Alarcon Jorge A. , Rivera Sergio R. , Santamaria Francisco
Published: October 2019

En este artículo se analiza el efecto que tienen las plantas de generación fotovoltaica y eólica en el precio del mercado eléctrico y en el despacho de potencia cuando se usan dos estrategias de negociación diferentes. La primera estrategia asume que las plantas renovables compiten libremente con las demás plantas en el mercado de energía, basados en un precio de oferta. La segunda prioriza el despacho de las renovables, para posteriormente despachar las demás plantas por orden de mérito. Para el estudio se planteó un caso ideal que se resolvió usando la técnica de optimización de “replicator dynamics”, que es una técnica basada en la teoría de juegos. Los resultados indican que en competencia perfecta, las plantas eólicas y fotovoltaicas no logran despachar toda la potencia generada, pero tampoco afectan de manera significativa la potencia y utilidad marginal de otras plantas. Por su parte, dar beneficios a las renovables garantiza el despacho de la potencia disponible, pero afecta la participación de otros competidores en el mercado e incrementa la utilidad marginal y el precio
Simulación de la presión plantar en adultos mayores
Authors: Jurado Carlos Andrés , Camargo Luz Helena , Camargo Esperanza
Published: October 2019

Comprender el comportamiento de la presión plantar en adultos mayores y los factores que influyan sobre la misma es de interés considerando el acelerado envejecimiento de la población. En este trabajo se realizó una simulación 3D del pie humano durante la marcha utilizando el método de los elementos finitos, para el estudio se utilizaron los datos de varios adultos mayores, el promedio nacional de adultos mayores y un individuo joven como control. Se obtuvo la presión pico y el área de contacto, encontrando que existen parámetros intrínsecos que modifican la huella plantar en un adulto mayor, como el peso y la estatura, a mayor peso mayor presión pico, y a mayor estatura menor región de contacto. Los hombres presentan mayor área de contacto durante la marcha que las mujeres. Este estudio encontró valores de presión pico promedio en los adultos mayores, 7,325 ± 3,97 psi en la fase de apoyo de talón, 14,25 ± 1,60 psi en la fase de transferencia de carga y 16 ± 7,77 psi en la fase de despegue de talón.
Open source intelligence (OSINT) in a colombian context and sentiment analysis
Authors: Hernandez Mediná Martin Jose , Pinzón Hernández Cristian Camilo , Díaz López Daniel Orlando , Garcia Ruiz Juan Carlos , Pinto Rico Ricardo Andrés
Published: October 2019

Open source intelligence (OSINT) is used to obtain and analyze information related to adversaries, so it can support risk assessments aimed to prevent damages against critical assets. This paper presents a research about different OSINT technologies and how these can be used to perform cyber intelligence tasks. One of the key components in the operation of OSINT tools are the “transforms”, which are used to establish relations between entities of information from queries to different open sources. A set of transforms addressed to the Colombian context are presented, which were implemented and contributed to the community allowing to the law enforcement agencies to develop information gathering process from Colombian open sources. Additionally, this paper shows the implementation of three machine learning models used to perform sentiment analysis over the information obtained from an adversary. Sentiment analysis can be extremely useful to understand the motivation that an adversary can have and, in this way, define proper cyber defense strategies. Finally, some challenges related to the application of OSINT techniques are identified and described.
Plataforma baropodométrica PIPLAB
Authors: Rey Esneyder Alfonso , Pico Jonattan Steve , Luengas Lely Adriana
Published: October 2019

A través de la medición de presión plantar se realizan diagnósticos e investigaciones clínicas con el fin de observar el comportamiento de la presión en las diferentes zonas de la planta del pie y así poder emitir conceptos de patologías, prescribir ayudas para reducir la presión, entre otros. Existen dispositivos que permiten estas mediciones, por lo general basados en sensores de presión de tipo resistivo y capacitivo; unos pocos trabajan el procesamiento de imágenes a partir de imágenes impresas, lo cual lleva a errores en el momento de la captura de la imagen, además no entregan valores de distribución de presión plantar. Se presenta el desarrollo de PIPLAB, una plataforma baropodométrica que permite adquirir una imagen de la huella plantar y visualizar mediante un software de computador la presión que soporta la planta de los pies, dando a conocer los puntos máximos de presión bajo cada pie y la repartición de cargas entre el antepié y retropié de la persona a evaluar, así mismo dar las mediciones cuantitativas para brindar al profesional de la salud una herramienta de valoración y seguimiento de patologías a nivel plantar.
Eine CO2-Abgabe mit Rückerstattung hilft dem Klimaschutz und ist sozial gerecht
Authors: Diekmann Andreas , Bruderer Enzler Heidi
Published: October 2019

Der Ruf nach einer CO2-Bepreisung wird international lauter, da CO2-Emissionen damit effektiv gesenkt werden können. Allerdings ist die klimapolitische Maßnahme auch umstritten, da sie angeblich Personen mit niedrigem Einkommen zu stark belastet. Das
Schweizer Modell zeigt, dass Geringverdienende von einer CO2 -Abgabe profitieren ‐ dank Rückerstattung.A carbon tax is an effective instrument for reducing industrial and household carbon emissions. Some, however, put forward the objection that taxing CO2
is a greater burden for lower-class households than for affluent household. Revenue redistribution to taxpayers compensates for the negative distributional effects of a carbon tax. In 2008, Switzerland introduced a CO2 levy on heating-related fossil fuel use. The levy was raised
to 96 Swiss francs (87 Euro) per ton CO2. Two thirds of the revenues are redistributed to residents while one third is spent on building renovations and technological innovations. In the current study, we investigated the distributional effects of a hypothetical CO2 levy
with redistribution on all products and services. We calculated individual carbon footprints based on survey data from Swiss households. As expected, the carbon footprint distribution was strongly skewed to the right. We report correlations of carbon footprints with income and estimate the
proportion of the population that stands to gain from a CO2 levy with redistribution. The results show that, in addition to mitigating climate change, this policy will prove beneficial for a large majority of the population.
Efecto de la sombra sobre la emergencia de plántulas de especies maderables nativas de la Península de Yucatán
Authors: Tzuc Jaime Esteban Haas , Dzib Castillo Benito Bernardo , Pool Wilbert Santiago Poot , Médina Ricardo Antonio Chiquini
Published: October 2019

La influencia que tiene la radiación solar sobre la germinación y emergencia de plántulas no ha sido descrita para muchas de las especies tropicales de importancia maderable. La presente investigación se enfoca en la emergencia de plántulas de taxa maderables nativas de la Península de Yucatán bajo diferentes grados de sombra (0%, 35% , 60% y 90 %). Para ello, se realizó la evaluación de las especies de Caesalpinia mollis (chakté) , (Piscidia piscipula) (jabín) y jujuché (Albizia tomentosa). C. molli y A. tomentosa presentaron diferencias entre tratamientos (p < 0.0001 y p < 0.0,1 respectivamente), ambas tuvieron mayor emergencia de plántulas con la luminosidad más elevada (0% de sombra). El tiempo de inicio de emergencia de las plántulas fue de cuatro a cinco días y la emergencia del 100% se logró en menos días con el 90% de sombra para las tres especies. Los resultados expresan que el porcentaje de sombra influye en la emergencia total de las plántulas.
Somatotype and body image: their sensitivity, specificity and validity to determine obesity
Authors: Ramos-Jiménez Arnulfo , Hernández-Torres Rosa P , Villalobos-Molina Rafael , Viloria María , Trejo Marina
Published: October 2019

Se midió la sensibilidad y especificidad del somatotipo y de un cuestionario de imagen corporal para predecir obesidad. En un estudio transversal participaron 294 estudiantes universitarios del norte de México de ambos sexos (143 mujeres de 18 años a 35 años). Se midió el somatotipo por antropometría y se administró en cuatro ocasiones el cuestionario de imagen corporal de Gardner, adjuntando las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cómo me veo? ¿Cómo quisiera estar? ¿Cómo creo que me ven los demás? y ¿Cómo me ven los demás? El somatotipo y la imagen corporal predijeron de manera correcta entre el 90% y 95% de los casos con y sin obesidad; presentaron, además, ~86% de capacidad discriminante para determinar obesidad. La endomorfia, la ectomorfia y el ¿Cómo me ven los demás? presentaron la más alta sensibilidad y especificidad (~90%). Concluimos que el somatotipo y el cuestionario de imagen corporal son dos instrumentos válidos, sensibles y específicos para conocer el grado de obesidad.
Personality Disorders as Emergent Interpersonal Syndromes: Psychopathic Personality as a Case Example
Authors: Lilienfeld Scott O. , Watts Ashley L. , Murphy Brett , Costello Thomas H. , Bowes Shauna M. , Smith Sarah Francis , Latzman Robert D. , Haslam Nick , Tabb Kathryn
Published: October 2019

Personality disorders have long been bedeviled by a host of conceptual and methodological quandaries. Starting from the assumption that personality disorders are inherently interpersonal conditions that reflect folk concepts of social impairment, the authors contend that a subset of personality disorders, rather than traditional syndromes, are emergent interpersonal syndromes (EISs): interpersonally malignant configurations (statistical interactions) of distinct personality dimensions that may be only modestly, weakly, or even negatively correlated. Preliminary support for this perspective derives from a surprising source, namely, largely forgotten research on the intercorrelations among the subscales of select MMPI/MMPI-2 clinical scales. Using psychopathic personality as a case example, the authors offer provisional evidence for the EIS hypothesis from four lines of research and delineate its implications for personality disorder theory, research, and classification. Conceptualizing some personality disorders as EISs elucidates long-standing quandaries and controversies in the psychopathology literature and affords fruitful avenues for future investigation.
How Boundaries Form: Linked Nonautonomous Feedback Loops Regulate Pattern Formation in Yeast Colonies
Authors: Piccirillo Sarah , McCune Abbigail H , Dedert Samuel R , Kempf Cassandra G , Jimenez Brian , Solst Shane R , Tiede-Lewis LeAnn M , Honigberg Saul M
Published: October 2019

How do boundaries between cells of different types form? Such boundaries are critical for metazoan development, but even in microorganisms, boundaries between cells of different types form in communities such as colonies...

Under conditions in which budding yeast form colonies and then undergo meiosis/sporulation, the resulting colonies are organized such that a sharply defined layer of meiotic cells overlays a layer of unsporulated cells termed “feeder cells.” This differentiation pattern requires activation of both the Rlm1/cell-wall integrity pathway and the Rim101/alkaline-response pathway. In the current study, we analyzed the connection between these two signaling pathways in regulating colony development by determining expression patterns and cell-autonomy relationships. We present evidence that two parallel cell-nonautonomous positive-feedback loops are active in colony patterning, an Rlm1-Slt2 loop active in feeder cells and an Rim101-Ime1 loop active in meiotic cells. The Rlm1-Slt2 loop is expressed first and subsequently activates the Rim101-Ime1 loop through a cell-nonautonomous mechanism. Once activated, each feedback loop activates the cell fate specific to its colony region. At the same time, cell-autonomous mechanisms inhibit ectopic fates within these regions. In addition, once the second loop is active, it represses the first loop through a cell-nonautonomous mechanism. Linked cell-nonautonomous positive-feedback loops, by amplifying small differences in microenvironments, may be a general mechanism for pattern formation in yeast and other organisms.
System theory on cross-border processes and its social implementation
Authors: Ustych Serhii
Published: October 2019

In the article are analyzed the factors that cause the necessity for system research of modern cross-border processes. Is being researched the system nature of borders and cross-border phenomena, proposed a definition of cross-border system, disclosed the mechanisms of its functioning and development.
It is substantiated the practical importance of system methodology for optimization the management of cross-border flows.
Self-esteem of financial situation, size of the shadow income and financial behavior of the population of Ukraine
Authors: Balakireva Olga , Dmytruk Dmytro
Published: October 2019

On self-assessment of Ukraine’s population are analyzed the trends and dynamics of its financial position, size of the shadow income and financial behavior, satisfaction with their lives during 1993–2013.