bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How a "Special Caring Bond" is Formed Between the Chronically ill Patient and the Family Caregiver
Authors: Chaparro Lorena ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: July 2014

La formación de vínculos en el ser humano tiene su origen en las relaciones de cuidado existentes a lo largo de la vida. Existen teorías que aplican para las situaciones en que el ser humano se encuentra en riesgo o al límite como la situación de enfermedad crónica. Objetivo: describir la forma como se constituye el “vínculo especial” de cuidado entre la díada cuidador familiar-persona con enfermedad crónica. Método: corresponde a la conclusión central de una investigación cualitativa en la que se construyó una teoría sustantiva que describe el proceso por el cual se constituye el “vínculo especial” que surgió con un abordaje de teoría fundamentada. Hallazgos: una estructura teórica que muestra el patrón construido en las díadas frente al significado del cuidado en un diagrama representativo producto de una investigación doctoral. Conclusiones: el esquema construido muestra al inicio una separación entre las dos personas de la díada, y a medida que se comparte la experiencia y van haciéndose más cercanos los intereses, la díada alcanza mayor expansión de su conciencia en el cuidado. En el mismo sentido, la funcionalidad de la persona con enfermedad crónica disminuye y el nivel de habilidad de cuidado aumenta.
Quality of Life in Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Rodríguez-Vidal Magali , Castro-Salas Manuel , Sanhueza-Escobar Valentina , Del-Valle-Utreras Andrea , Martínez-Arriagada José ,   Universidad Concepción
Published: July 2014

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer la calidad de vida y los factores relacionados de los pacientes esquizofrénicos que se controlan en los servicios de salud Concepción y Arauco de Chile durante los meses de abril-junio de 2009. Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional de corte transversal. La población incluida en este trabajo comprendió al total de los pacientes esquizofrénicos (40) bajo régimen de corta estadía. El instrumento utilizado fue la variable principal —calidad de vida (CV)—, que se midió a través del cuestionario SF-36, además se incorporaron variables sociodemográficas y de apoyo social, esta última medida a través del cuestionario Duke- UNC-11. Los resuiltados del estudio reflejan aceptable calidad de vida, lo cual puede asociarse con las condiciones socioculturales de la región.
Effectiveness of Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation as Adjuvant Therapy for Refractory Glaucoma in Keratoprosthesis Patients
Authors: Wang Dajiang , Yu Jifeng , Tian Lei , Wang Liqiang , Huang Yifei
Published: July 2014

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (DLTSC) as an adjuvant therapy to treat refractory glaucoma diagnosed before or after Moscow Eye Microsurgery Complex (MICOF) keratoprosthesis surgery.

Methods

Fifteen patients underwent unilateral DLTSC to treat refractory glaucoma diagnosed before or after undergoing MICOF keratoprosthesis surgery. The cause for keratoprosthesis was alkali burn in 8 patients (53.33%); thermal burn, sulfuric acid burn, and Steven-Johnson syndrome in 2 patients (13.33%) each; and ocular cicatricial pemphigoid in 1 patient (6.67%). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), any medications, and adverse events were recorded before DLTSC and on postoperative day 7; months 1, 3, and 6; and every 6 months afterwards.

Results

The patients were followed up for an average of 13.15 ± 9.35 months. The IOP was significantly less at postoperative months 6, 12, 24, and 36. There were no changes in BCVA after DLTSC. No significant changes in medication to treat ocular hypertension were prescribed.

Conclusions

Diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation is an effective treatment option for refractory glaucoma and can be used as a therapy adjuvant to keratoprosthesis. Long-term effects require further clinical observation.
A Safe Technique for In-The-Bag Intraocular Lens Implantation in Pediatric Cataract Surgery
Authors: Khokhar Sudarshan , Sharma Reetika , Patil Bharat , Sinha Gautam , Nayak Bhagabat , Kinkhabwala Ravish Akhilkumar
Published: July 2014

Purpose

To describe a safe technique for in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in pediatric cataract patients who undergo lens aspiration with primary posterior capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy.

Methods

Sixty eyes of 45 consecutive patients with congenital/developmental cataract underwent lens aspiration with primary posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (PCCC) with anterior vitrectomy and in-the-bag IOL implantation using the described technique of IOL implantation using anterior capsule as support.

Results

All eyes had stable IOL at the end of surgery and none of the eyes had lens decentration/dislocation in posterior vitreous.

Conclusions

Implantation of in-the-bag IOL is difficult in children who undergo primary PCCC with anterior vitrectomy. Our technique of implanting IOL by pushing it against the back surface of anterior capsule is a safe method and results in no complications related to faulty IOL implantation.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Angioid Streaks: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study
Authors: Rosina Chiara , Romano Mary , Cigada Mario , de Polo Laura , Staurenghi Giovanni , Bottoni Ferdinando
Published: July 2014

Purpose

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) to treat choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with angioid streaks.

Methods

Retrospective chart review of 16 eyes of 10 patients treated with IVB for CNV secondary to angioid streaks between November 2005 and November 2011. Intravitreal bevacizumab was performed in all patients with a pro re nata regimen. Seven eyes received an additional photodynamic therapy and 1 eye argon laser photocoagulation. The diagnosis of CNV was confirmed by fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green (ICG) angiography; central macular thickness (CMT) was evaluated by optical coherence tomography. Outcome measures included changes in best-corrected visual acuity, retinal thickness, and degree of leakage on FA and ICG angiography.

Results

The median number of IVB was 2.5 (range 1-6) during a mean follow-up of 52 months (range 30-67). Risk of recurrence increased during the first 50 weeks; then it remained stable. In 6 of 16 eyes, the CNV was obliterated with a single injection. Increasing CNV reactivation corresponded with an increased number of injections. Final visual acuity was related to initial VA and not to number of injections or shorter follow-up. Previous treatments, CMT, or baseline CNV size were not related to final visual acuity.

Conclusions

Intravitreal bevacizumab proved to be well-tolerated in patients with CNV secondary to angioid streaks and in our small cohort IVB was efficacious for long-term follow-up. Larger series of patients are needed to confirm the effects of this treatment.
Late Postoperative Capsular Block Syndrome: A Case Series Studied before and after Nd:YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy
Authors: Huerva Valentín , Sánchez M. Carmen , Ascaso Francisco J. , Soldevila Jordi
Published: July 2014

Purpose

To evaluate the clinical characteristics of the unusual late postoperative capsular block syndrome (CBS) and the effect of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy on visual acuity and refractive error as well as its possible complications.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, 12 eyes of 11 patients with late CBS who had undergone Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy were reviewed. A complete ophthalmic examination including Scheimpflug camera and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging had been performed before and after posterior capsulotomy.

Results

The mean time between cataract surgery and posterior capsulotomy was 4.7 ± 1.5 years (range 3-9 years). Best-corrected visual acuity increased in 11 cases (91.7%). Only one eye showed a 0.5-D hyperopic shift following posterior capsulotomy. There were no postlaser complications such as increased intraocular pressure (IOP), severe inflammation, cystoid macular edema, or retinal detachment. In all patients, the posterior capsule was vaulted posteriorly and could not be seen clearly. The AS-OCT confirmed CBS in the studied cases, demonstrating a distended capsular bag. Rotating Scheimpflug imaging examination showed the white substance located behind the intraocular lens (IOL).

Conclusions

Late CBS is usually not accompanied by shallow anterior chamber, forward IOL displacement, or raised IOP. Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is a useful treatment and the prognosis of patients with this complication appears favorable. Furthermore, although AS-OCT measurements are easier to obtain than rotating Scheimpflug imaging examination, both are useful to visualize the distended capsular bag containing the white material and the IOL position.
Challenges and solutions in the fixation of a hip fracture in the presence of a contralateral ankylosed hip: a case report
Authors: Davidson Donald J. , Muoneke Hyginus , Huber Chris P.
Published: July 2014

Background

An intracapsular femoral neck fracture is a common orthopaedic presentation and requires expedient fixation in a young adult. This case demonstrates how patient-specific factors, namely an ankylosed contralateral hip, can make a common operation challenging.

Case Description

A 22-year-old man with osteogenesis imperfecta and multiple bony deformities was brought to A&E after being involved in a motor vehicle collision. Plain radiographs and clinical examination demonstrated a right intracapsular femoral neck fracture, ipsilateral femora vara and a contralateral ankylosed hip secondary to protrusio acetabuli. The intraoperative patient and fluoroscopic positioning were technically challenging.

Clinical Relevance

Preoperative literature review revealed no operative strategy or case report describing how best to perform closed reduction and internal fixation of a femoral neck fracture with a co-existing contralateral ankylosed hip joint. We hope our experience will aid other surgeons who find themselves in a similar clinical scenario. We will present the difficulties faced and the adaptations made to our surgical technique which we utilised to achieve an anatomical fixation.
Developing a sustainable hip service in Cambodia
Authors: Holt Jacquelyn A. , Aird James J. , Gollogly James G. , Ngiep Ou C. , Gollogly Sohrab
Published: July 2014

Objective

Initial report on establishment of a hip service in Phnom Penh, Cambodia at Children's Surgical Centre. We describe indications for total hip replacement (THR) and initial results.

Methods

A database was established to collect data and track patients for follow up. Initial data collected included; diagnosis, implant used, post-operative complications. As the service developed, pre- and postoperative Harris hip scores were included.

Results

High rate of avascular necrosis (AVN) as the initial diagnosis. Five years post initiation of the hip service, 95 patients have received 116 THRs; including 10 revisions, 12 bilateral procedures. Complications/failures requiring revision involved four prosthetic femoral neck fractures, two aseptic acetabular component, two late infections, one instability. One failure, a periprosthetic acetabular fracture, required removal of all prosthetics. Complications not requiring revision, included three post-op foot drops, three superficial wound infections, one Vancouver B1 periprosthetic femur fracture. Average age was 41. Overall implant survival is 85% at three years.

Discussion

AVN was the most common indication for THR: many patients had a history of hip trauma, and/or prolonged steroids from traditional healers for pain. Problems with specific implants were addressed by the company. A different stem is now routinely used, no further fractures have been reported. Acetabular loosening, thought to be due to poor technique, has been addressed by focused training. Infection rate is monitored, and microbiology resources are improving.

Conclusion

Developing an affordable hip arthroplasty service in a country like Cambodia is challenging. Developing a local registry has helped to identify complications and modify techniques.
Cement Brand and Preparation Effects Cement-in-Cement Mantle Shear Strength
Authors: Holsgrove Timothy P. , Pentlow Alanna , Spencer Robert F. , Miles Anthony W.
Published: July 2014

Creating bi-laminar cement mantles as part of revision hip arthroplasty is well-documented but there is a lack of data concerning the effect of cement brand on the procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the shear strength of bi-laminar cement mantles using various combinations of two leading bone cement brands.

Bi-laminar cement mantles were created using Simplex P with Tobramycin, and Palacos R+G: Simplex-Simplex (SS); Simplex-Palacos (SP); Palacos-Simplex (PS); and Palacos-Palacos (PP). Additionally, specimens were produced by rasping (R) the surface of the original mantle, or leaving it unrasped (U), leading to a total of eight groups (n = 10). Specimens were loaded in shear, at 0.1 mm/min, until failure, and the maximum shear strength calculated.

The highest mean shear strength was found in the PSU and PSR groups (23.69 and 23.89 MPa respectively), and the lowest in the PPU group (14.70 MPa), which was significantly lower than all but two groups. Unrasped groups generally demonstrated greater standard error than rasped groups.

In a further comparison to assess the effect of the new cement mantle brand, irrespective of the brand of the original mantle, Simplex significantly increased the shear strength compared to Palacos with equivalent preparation.

It is recommended that the original mantle is rasped prior to injection of new cement, and that Simplex P with Tobramycin be used in preference to Palacos R+G irrespective of the existing cement type. Further research is needed to investigate more cement brands, and understand the underlying mechanisms relating to cement-in-cement procedures.
Pentoxifylline does not Alter the Concentration of Hepcidin in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Antunes Sandra A. , Vilela Rosana Q. , Vaz José D. , Canziani Maria Eugênia F.
Published: July 2014

Introduction

Anemia is a frequent condition in patients with chronic kidney disease due to a reduction in the production of erythropoietin. Patients with inflammation respond less well to treatment with erythropoietin, possibly because the increased production of hepcidin reduces the availability of iron for hematopoiesis. Some studies suggest that pentoxifylline has anti-inflammatory properties and could be used as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of anemia.

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of pentoxifylline on serum hepcidin in chronic hemodialysis patients with inflammation.

Methods

71 adult patients on hemodialysis with C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥0.5 mg/dl in screening tests; patients were randomized to the treatment group (oral pentoxifylline 400 mg/thrice-weekly) or the control group for 3 months follow-up.

Results

During the study, a decrease in hemoglobin, transferrin saturation, and hepcidin was observed in both groups. However, these reductions were related to the time and not to the drug. There was no difference in the concentrations of CRP, ferritin, and albumin over time in either group.

Conclusions

The use of this amount of pentoxifylline did not modify the serum levels of hepcidin in this population.
Retrograde Femoral vein Catheter Insertion. A New Approach for Challenging Hemodialysis Vascular Access
Authors: Gouda Zaghloul
Published: July 2014

Introduction

Venous catheters provide access for hemodialysis (HD) when patients do not have functioning access device. Obstruction of jugular, femoral or even external iliac vessels further depletes options. Subclavian approach is prohibited. Catheterization of inferior vena cava requires specialized equipment and skills.

Purpose

The purpose is to assess a new lifesaving HD vascular access approach for patients with nonfunctioning access device in the ordinary sites. This entails insertion of a retrograde temporary HD catheter in the superficial femoral vein, directing the catheter distally, toward the foot.

Materials and methods

We included six end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients retrospectively who are on regular renal replacement therapy and need urgent HD with nonfunctioning access device in the ordinary sites.

Results

Successful insertion of six retrograde femoral vein catheters in the superficial femoral vein. The mean catheter days were 2.5±0.5 days with one patient having 26 catheter days. The mean blood pump speed was 230.0±44.7 mL/min. Urea reduction ratio and Kt/ V at 3 hours HD session were 47% and 1.5, respectively, which increased with increasing session duration. The ultrafiltration volume was 2–3 L/session which increased up to 6 L/session in case of using slow low-efficiency dialysis. No major complications were observed during insertion or the postinsertion period except thigh pain in one patient and exit site infection in the case of long duration.

Conclusions

This is a newly applied lifesaving HD vascular access approach for selected ESRD patients with no available HD vascular access at the ordinary sites with accepted HD adequacy. It needs more evaluation and more studies.
Bilateral Central Vein Stenosis: Options for Dialysis Access and Renal Replacement Therapy when all upper Extremity Access Possibilities have been Lost
Authors: Aitken Emma , Jackson Andrew J. , Kasthuri Ram , Kingsmore David B.
Published: July 2014

Purpose

Patients with bilateral central vein stenosis present a unique challenge: treatment options are limited, largely unproven and associated with reputedly poor outcomes. Our aim was to compare patency rates of different access and renal replacement treatment (RRT) modalities in patients with bilateral central vein stenosis/occlusion.

Material and methods

Data on all patients presenting to a tertiary referral vascular access centre with end-stage vascular access (defined by bilateral central vein stenosis/occlusion with loss of upper limb access) over a 5-year period were included. 3, 6 and 12-month patencies of translumbar catheters (TLs), tunnelled femoral catheters (Fem), native long saphenous vein loops (SV), prosthetic mid-thigh loop grafts (ThGr), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and expedited donation after cardiac death (DCD) cadaveric renal transplants (Tx) via local allocation policies were compared using log-rank test. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate long-term access survival.

Results

One hundred forty-six vascular access modalities were attempted in 62 patients (62 Fem, 25 TL, 15 SV, 25 ThGr, 8 PD, 11 Tx). Median follow-up was 876±57 days. Three, 6 and 12-month primary-assisted patencies for each modality were as follows: Fem: 75.4%, 60% and 28%; TL: 88%, 65% and 50%; SV: 87.5%, 60% and 44.6%; ThGr: 64%, 38% and 23.5%; PD: 62.5%, 62.5% and 50%; Tx: 72.7%, 72.7% and 72.7%. SV had better secondary patency at 900 days (76.9%) than ThGr (49.2%) or Fem (35.8%) (p<0.01). No patients died as a result of loss of access.

Conclusion

Patients with bilateral central vein stenosis often require more than one vascular access modality to achieve a “personal access solution.” Native long saphenous vein loops provided the best long-term patency. Expedited renal transplantation with priority local allocation of DCD organs to patients with precarious vascular access provides a potential solution to this difficult problem.
A Prevalence Survey of Intravascular Catheter use in a General Hospital
Authors: Pérez-Granda María Jesús , Guembe María , Rincón Cristina , Muñoz Patricia , Bouza Emilio
Published: July 2014

Purpose

Survey of intravascular catheter management is an essential step in the control and prevention of catheter-related infection. In recent years, most surveillance studies only included catheters from intensive care units (ICUs). Data regarding the level of care and adherence to international guidelines in a whole general institution are scarce. Our objective was to evaluate the care situation of intravascular catheters in our adult units of a General Hospital.

Methods

We surveyed adults hospitalized in non-psychiatric/maternity wards. In a week, a nurse visited all the adult hospitalized patients. Data were registered in a protocol that included variables, such as no. of catheters, location of catheter, type of catheter, date of placement and the need of an indication of each catheter in the visit day.

Results

We included in the study a total of 753 adult patients. Of them, 653 (86.7%) had one or more inserted catheters at the moment of the study visit (total: 797 catheters). Of all the catheters, 144 (18.0%) were central venous catheters and 653 (81.9%) were peripheral lines. The hospitalization units where the patients were admitted were ICU, 52 (6.9%); and non-ICU, 601 (92.0%). There were 183 (22.9%) catheters with no need to remain in place in the day of the study. Overall, we found 464 (71.0%) patients with one or more opportunities for catheter care improvement.

Conclusions

A rapid survey of the care situation of intravascular catheters is feasible and easy to do with our methodology. The data show great opportunity for improvement, mainly in the non-ICU areas.
The use of 8-cm 22G Seldinger Catheters for Intravenous access in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Qian Sarah Y. , Horn Matthias T. , Barnes Richard , Armstrong David
Published: July 2014

Purpose

Long intravenous catheters are an effective and economical choice of vascular access for intravenous antibiotic therapy in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). This prospective audit assesses the use of Vygon Leaderflex 22G × 8 cm catheters in an Australian tertiary centre. Key outcomes included catheter lifespan, ability to complete antibiotic therapy and complication rates.

Methods

All paediatric patients admitted with infective exacerbations of CF lung disease for 18 months between 2012 and 2013 were prospectively included. Data were analysed using t-tests and Fisher exact test.

Results

A total of 40 successful catheter insertions for 20 patients during 32 admissions were identified. The mean duration of the catheters was 10.08 days (median 9.5, SD=5.0). Of the 32 admissions, antibiotic therapy was completed with long catheters in 78% of cases (n=25) and with a single catheter in 48% (n=19). Rates of local complications were high, but there were no serious adverse outcomes.

Conclusion

Although limited by a small sample size, the results from this study are promising and suggest that 8 cm long catheters are a safe, effective and economical alternative to peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in treating pulmonary exacerbations in children with CF.
A Novel Use of Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer
Authors: Lambropoulos Vassilis , Mouravas Vassilis , Papageorgiou Irene , Spyridakis Ioannis , Marakis George
Published: July 2014

The aim of this study is to present a novel use of Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux) for the treatment of a complicated iatrogenic chronic urethral injury. A 12-year-old boy with a neuropathic bladder presented a groove in the urethral mucosa due to chronic clean intermittent catheterizations (CICs) and suffered a posterior urethral injury during a failed catheterization for a routine examination. The defect on the urethral wall was repaired using Deflux, a technique that is not described in the literature. After the intervention the patient is continuing CICs without further complications.
Entre barcos e telegramas: a crise do asilo diplomático depois do fim da Revolta da Armada (1894)
Authors: Santos Júnior João Júlio Gomes dos
Published: July 2014

A Revolta da Armada terminou em 13 março de 1894 com o asilo diplomático de mais de quinhentos combatentes brasileiros em duas corvetas de guerra de Portugal. Este episódio originou uma disputa entre Brasil e Portugal baseada em diferentes interpretações do direito internacional da época. Em meio as negociações, as duas embarcações saíram do Rio de Janeiro e rumaram para Buenos Aires onde um novo barco seria fretado para transportá-los até território português. Ao chegar à Buenos Aires, os comandantes, cumprindo ordens, negaram-se a permitir o desembarque dos asilados para realizar a quarentena junto ao Lazareto de Martín Garcia. A insatisfação com a superlotação, somado com o receio de uma epidemia de alguma doença, proporcionou fugas de asilados e um conflito diplomático entre Portugal e a Argentina. Em seguida, as corvetas portuguesas rumaram para Montevideo, onde houve um processo semelhante e uma fuga em massa dos asilados nesta cidade. A situação desagradou o governo brasileiro que resolveu romper as relações diplomáticas com Portugal. Todo esse processo foi permeado por uma intensa troca de telegramas entre os representantes dos Estados e seus respectivos diplomatas.
Marinha do Brasil: uma trajetória do enfardamento
Authors: Halpern Elizabeth Espindola , Leite Ligia Costa
Published: July 2014

Realizou-se o exame sobre as fundações da Marinha do Brasil e de seus profissionais por meio de uma análise sócio-histórica, considerando que ambos, da forma como passaram a ser concebidos, têm uma trajetória histórica e uma origem e bases sociais. Acredita-se que eles sejam efeitos da racionalidade científica moderna e que foram produzidos no decorrer de um percurso atravessado por impactantes transformações no panorama do mundo contemporâneo ocidental. O enfardamento refere-se a um processo de assimilação dos valores e preceitos militares ao ponto de conformarem um “espírito” capaz de fazer do indivíduo um membro da organização militar a serviço da pátria. A trajetória do enfardamento se desenrolou, ao longo da história, através do processo de profissionalização do militar. Ademais, o enfardamento se atualiza diariamente no seio institucional por meio de diversas estratégias de formatação. Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados da pesquisa que resultou na Tese de Doutorado do curso do Programa de Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro sobre militares que são pacientes alcoolistas de um ambulatório da Marinha do Brasil.
Uma ponte sobre o atlântico: os exilados e as relações entre as polícias políticas brasileira e portuguesa (1950-1970)
Authors: Fiuza Alexandre Felipe
Published: July 2014

Este trabalho se ocupa das relações estabelecidas entre as polícias políticas brasileira e portuguesa entre as décadas de 1950 e 1970. Tal pesquisa foi realizada a partir de bibliografia, de entrevistas e mediante consulta do material obtido junto à antiga documentação dos órgãos de repressão dos dois países, no caso, da DOPS – Delegacia de Ordem Política e Social dos Estados de RS, PR, SP, RJ, PE e PB e, no caso português, do Arquivo da PIDE/DGS – Polícia Internacional de Defesa do Estado/ Direcção-Geral de Segurança. Em especial, esta documentação traz a lume a vigilância das atividades exercidas pelos seus respectivos exilados, o que, por sua vez, igualmente levou a uma série de prisões. Trata-se de uma documentação inédita e que revela os contatos entre a repressão destes dois países, em diferentes contextos políticos no Brasil e em Portugal. Os documentos aqui analisados além de revelarem as atividades de vigilância, também denotam as próprias atividades políticas e culturais dos investigados. Portanto, além de esclarecerem os contatos entre os serviços de inteligência dos dois países, também nos trazem os contatos entre ativistas brasileiros e portugueses e, em muitos casos, suas ações no exílio.
O Estreito de Magalhães redescoberto: ciência, política e comércio nas expedições de exploração nas décadas de 1820 e 1830
Authors: Passetti Gabriel
Published: July 2014

Este artigo discute o crescente interesse das potências ocidentais no Estreito de Magalhães, Patagônia e Terra do Fogo nas primeiras décadas do século XIX. São conectados os objetivos estratégicos dos governos aos comerciais de companhias de caça e comércio para a compreensão do financiamento de expedições oficiais de exploração e mapeamento da região. São analisados os relatos de dois comandantes britânicos a serviço da Marinha Real que percorreram aquela região e procuraram conciliar ciência e interesses pessoais na publicação de relatos de suas viagens, descrevendo descobertas, aventuras, a desconstrução de lendas e os tensos e conflituosos contatos com os indígenas locais.
Visões do comandante Thomas Jefferson Page (U.S. Navy) sobre a América do Sul: cultura marítima e o discurso imperial na narrativa de viagem, “La Plata, the Argentine Confederation and Paraguay (1853 - 1860)”
Authors: Moreira Marília Arantes Silva
Published: July 2014

O artigo propõe-se a acompanhar as visões, imagens e julgamentos, do comandante da U.S. Navy, Thomas Jefferson Page, sobre os países que ele visitou na América do Sul, expressos na narrativa de viagem “La Plata, The Argentine Confederation and Paraguay (1853-1860)”. Predominantemente, analisam-se as visões construidas por Page sobre o presidente do Paraguai, Carlos Antonio López e o presidente da Confederação Argentina, Justo José de Urquiza. Enquanto o comandante sulista, por um lado, recriminava López mediante protecionismo e proibição da navegação dos rios paraguaios, por outro, enaltecia o argentino Urquiza que facilitava a mesma operação em seus domínios.
As relações de Michel Foucault com Clio: os historiadores, o filósofo, a história-disciplina e a ontologia histórica
Authors: Ramos Igor Guedes
Published: July 2014

A relação de Michel Foucault com os historiadores não foi linear: por invadir frequentemente os domínios de Clio, desde História da Loucura (1961) nunca foi ignorado, mas também nunca francamente aceito. Os diálogos entre o filósofo e os historiadores foram marcados por diversificadas formas de apropriação teórico-metodológica, aproximações estratégicas e críticas que variaram de suaves alertas até o completo repúdio e desqualificação. A partir dos textos e falas de Foucault e de alguns historiadores – a maioria ligada aos Annales – procuramos discutir estes diálogos nos movimentando em dois níveis, a saber: Primeiro, por meio de uma análise de caráter historiográfico, reconstituímos a trajetória da relação entre Foucault e os historiadores. E, segundo, por meio de uma reflexão de caráter teórico-metodológico, procuramos definir as práticas que compõem a ontologia histórica de nós mesmos de Foucault e aquelas que, em geral, compõem o ofício dos historiadores. Assim, acreditamos ter uma melhor compreensão do que fundamenta a trajetória acidentada do diálogo entre os historiadores e o filósofo e, consequentemente, possibilitar outras pesquisas sobre o tema em questão e outros modos dos historiadores utilizarem o pensamento de Foucault.
A presença indígena no vale do Rio Tibagi/PR no início do século XX
Authors: Mota Lucio Tadeu
Published: July 2014

Com o fim do Império e a instalação da República, as populações indígenas tiveram que reformular suas ações e reinventar novas formas de lidar com o poder do Estado. Esse processo, se por um lado garantiu a sua existência, por outro fez com que eles tivessem que readequar seus modos de vida tradicionais às novas situações. Pretende-se aqui apresentar a situação das populações indígenas presentes na bacia do médio Rio Tibagi no Estado do Paraná. Será destacada a situação histórica da região por volta de 1910, momento da criação do Serviço de Proteção aos Índios e Localização de Trabalhadores Nacionais (SPILTN) e o papel desse órgão na região intermediando as relações entre os indígenas e os nacionais. As populações indígenas envolvidas nesse processo desenvolveram estratégias políticas apropriadas e específicas para contrapor as políticas e as ações de redução de seus territórios. Serão demonstradas as complexas relações históricas e socioculturais que existiram nesse processo, que vão além das explicações oficiais de transformação (aculturação) das populações indígenas em populações rurais, e também evitada a armadilha da história polarizada que simplifica essas relações entre populações diferenciadas.
Usos de Foucault en Argentina (1958-1989)
Authors: Canavese Mariana
Published: July 2014

Os textos e elaborações de Michel Foucault tem encontrado uma grande recepção entre os intelectuais argentinos das ciências sociais e humanas. A exposição dos resultados da pesquisa sobre os usos das formulações do pensador francês na Argentina entre 1958 e 1989 pode dar conta das maneiras pelas quais eles se articulam com modos específicos de interpretar a cultura política locais. Além disso, explorar a recepção heterogênea das propostas foucaultianas demonstra várias práticas de leitura, deslizamentos de sentido e lutas pela significação e importancia em um amplo arco que atravessa disciplinas acadêmicas tanto como posições ideológicas, tocando profundamente a cultura local.
Práticas de natureza: movimento e contemplação nas montanhas do Marumbi
Authors: Carvalho Alessandra Izabel de
Published: July 2014

Entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960 um grupo de montanhistas se dedicou a desbravar as montanhas do Marumbi, um maciço localizado na porção paranaense da Serra do Mar. O esporte que praticavam denominaram de “marumbinismo” e para organizar suas atividades fundaram o Clube dos Marumbinistas de Curitiba. O artigo apresenta a fase inicial das ascensões àquelas montanhas, depois a fase de consolidação do Clube e busca analisar como o contexto sociopolítico da época, com ênfase na importância dos exercícios físicos na pretensa edificação do caráter individual e nacional, influenciou o discurso e as práticas do CMC. Analisa também a estruturação interna do clube entorno de uma “cultura de natureza”.
Identidades instáveis: um padre português no império dos Felipes
Authors: Vilardaga José Carlos
Published: July 2014

O artigo em questão apresenta parte da trajetória do padre português Lourenço de Mendonça, atuante nos espaços americanos da monarquia católica dos Habsburgos na primeira metade do século XVII. Desde cedo atrelado às redes de Madri, o padre cumpriu longa carreira episcopal no Vice-reino do Peru, em especial na região de Potosí. Mais tarde ele migrou para as capitanias do sul da América Portuguesa, onde terminou como primeiro bispo do Rio de Janeiro, em 1639. Foi surpreendido pela “Restauração” portuguesa de 1640, quando teve sua lealdade questionada pela nova dinastia. No final manteve-se atrelado à Espanha, da qual reivindicou reconhecimento. O padre se envolveu em projetos minerais na América Espanhola e Portuguesa; foi ativo, e ambíguo, nos debates sobre a presença de portugueses nos espaços peruanos; e participou das denúncias contra as ações violentas dos moradores de São Paulo em relação aos indígenas. O percurso de Lourenço de Mendonça ajuda a problematizar as possibilidades de trânsito - identitário e humano -, nos quadros do império espanhol no contexto da União das Coroas Ibéricas (1580-1640).
Application of Rabinowitsch Fluid Model in Peristalsis
Authors: Akbar Noreen Sher , Nadeemb Sohail
Published: July 2014

In the present article, we have studied the Rabinowitsch fluid model for the peristaltic flow. The non-Newtonian nature of the fluid is analyzed mathematically by considering the Rabinowitsch fluid. The Rabinowitsch fluid model for the peristaltic flow is not discussed so far. This is the first article describing the features of Rabinowitsch fluid in peristaltic literature. The fluid is flowing in a uniform tube with the wave motion. Exact solutions have been calculated for velocity and pressure gradient. The physical behavior of different parameters for velocity, pressure rise, streamlines, and pressure gradient have been examined graphically. It is observed that when Weissenberg number is large then the relaxation time of the fluid is greater than a specific process time in which the pressure rise increases rapidly in the peristaltic pumping regions. Trapping phenomena have been discussed at the end of the article
Group Invariant Solutions and Conservation Laws of the Fornberg– Whitham Equation
Authors: Hashemi Mir Sajjad , Haji-Badali Ali , Vafadar Parisa
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we utilize the Lie symmetry analysis method to calculate new solutions for the Fornberg-Whitham equation (FWE). Applying a reduction method introduced by M. C. Nucci, exact solutions and first integrals of reduced ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are considered. Nonlinear self-adjointness of the FWE is proved and conserved vectors are computed
Structural, Stabilities, and Electronic Properties of Bimetallic Mg2-doped Silicon Clusters
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wang Zhi-Peng , Lu Cheng , Wang Chong , Li Gen-Quan
Published: July 2014

The equilibrium geometries, relative stabilities, growth patterns, and electronic properties of magnesium-doped silicon clusters Mg2Sin (n = 1 - 11) have been systematically investigated at the B3LYP/6-311G (d) level. A large number of initial configurations are optimized and the lowestenergy stable geometries of Mg2Sin (n = 1 - 11) clusters with different spin multiplicities are determined. The results indicate that the most stable configurations for Mg2Sin clusters favor the threedimensional structures at n = 3 - 11. The analyses of the averaged binding energies, fragmentation energies, second-order energy difference, and HOMO-LUMO gaps suggest that the Mg2Si4 and Mg2Si6 clusters have the stronger relative stability, and magnesium atoms doping enhances the chemical activity of the silicon framework. The natural population and natural electronic configuration analyses show that the charge transfer occurs from the 3s orbital of the magnesium atoms to the silicon atoms and 3p orbital of the magnesium atoms
Synthesis and Structure of an Aluminum Bis(3-chloropentanedionate) Isopropoxide: [Al(μ-OiPr)(3-Clacac)2]2
Authors: Gupta Kiran , Mayer Peter , Pandey Ashutosh
Published: July 2014

1A

[Al(OiPr)3]4 was reacted at ambient temperature with 3-chloropentanedione (3-ClacacH) in 1 : 1 molar ratio in toluene, to obtain the mono-substituted product. However, the bis-substituted dinuclear tetrakis(3-chloropentanedionato)-di-m-isopropoxy-dialuminum(III) [Al(μ-OiPr)(3-Clacac)2]2 () was isolated in 46% yield upon aging of the reaction mixture at −10 °C. The supernatant upon aging yielded a crop of tris-3-chloroacetylacetonate Al(3-Clacac)3·H2O (1) in 13% yield. Complexes 1A (monoclinic, space group P21/c with Z = 2) and 1(cubic, space group P43n with Z = 8) were characterized by elemental analyses, NMR and IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray crystallography.
Rapid Microwave Synthesis and Structural Phase Diagram of LnxY1−xMnO3
Authors: Marlton Fred P. , Goossens Darren J. , White Reyner , Hutchison Wayne D.
Published: July 2014

YMnO3 is one of the primary examples of a multiferroic ceramic. We present a novel solid-state microwave sintering method for making high-purity ceramic samples of YMnO3 and related compounds in a few hours. This leads to determination of the structural phase diagram for the formation of single-phase, hexagonal samples when doping lanthanides into YMnO3. It is found that the solidstate microwave synthesis allows manufacture of high-quality samples in hours rather than days. The resulting phase diagram accords well with results from the literature, and from calculations based on the Goldschmidt tolerance factor for the stability of perovskite structures, suggesting that the transformation from hexagonal to perovskite with doping is driven essentially by ion sizes. Some results concerning the microwave synthesis of BaLnInO4 compounds, where Ln is a lanthanide, are noted. Microwave sintering of BaNdInO4 yields single-phase samples where conventional sintering does not.
A Novel Alkali-Metal Hydrido-tris(pyrazolyl)borate (Tp*) Complex. Isolation and Crystal Structure of [(Me2CO)3(NaTp*)2]
Authors: Plasseraud Laurent , Cattey Hélène
Published: July 2014

The title compound was isolated from the treatment of Tp*Sn(Cl)2Bu (1) with a large excess of sodium hydroxide in a mixture of acetone-water at room temperature. [(Me2CO)3(NaTp*)2] (2) crystallizes at 4 °C as prismatic colorless crystals, in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4, a = 12.2837(6), b = 24.3197(12), c = 16.9547(8) Å, β = 110.017(1)°, and V = 4759.0(4) Å3. The X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed a dinuclear unit in which two Tp*Na moieties are held together by three bridging acetone molecules acting as oxygen-based donors.
Carbon-modified MgH2: Experimental and ab-initio Investigations
Authors: Tayeh Toufic , Awad Abdel Salam , Nakhl Michel , Bobet Jean-Louis , Zakhour Mirvat , Matar Samir F.
Published: July 2014

The results of experimental and theoretical investigations of carbon-modified MgH2 for improving its sorption performances in hydrogen storage devices are reported. Large changes on its absorption/desorption capacities have been found. The following aspects are considered: size effects where finer particles obtained by energetic ball milling enable easier penetration, catalytic effects of carbon at the surface, and entrance of small quantities of C interstitially into the MgH2 structure. The energies and charge densities as studied by DFT suggest the activation of MgH2 through a decrease of the cohesive energy of the pristine hydride and a reduced ionic charge on hydrogen.
Crystal Structure Explains Crystal Habit for the Antiviral Drug Rimantadine Hydrochloride
Authors: Mishnev Anatoly , Stepanovs Dmitrijs
Published: July 2014

The crystal structure of the antiviral drug rimantadine hydrochloride, C12H22N+ Cl−, has been elucidated by a single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. The structure consists of 1-(1- adamantyl)ethanamine (rimantadinium) cations and chloride anions. The Cl− anions link the rimantadinium cations via N-H...Cl hydrogen bonds into infinite rectangular chord-like structural units with charged groups in the inner channel and aliphatic groups on the surface, and oriented along the unit cell c axis. In contrast to strong electrostatic and hydrogen bonding inner interactions the chords in the crystal are held together by weak van der Waals forces only. A two-fold symmetry axis passes through the center of the chord. By indexing of the crystal faces it has been shown that the maximal dimension of the needle-like crystals coincides with the direction of the unit cell c axis. These structural features explain the crystal habit and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of rimantadine hydrochloride crystals observed upon slicing and cleavage.
The Reaction of Cyanamidium Salts with Ylidenecyanamide Derivatives
Authors: Abu-El-Halawa Rajab , Zabin Sami A. , Al-Refai Mahmoud , Ibrahim Mohammad , Kaimari Tawfeq , Müller Thomas J. J.
Published: July 2014

Cyanamidium salts 1undergo ene reactions with ylidenecyanamide derivatives 5to afford conjugated iminium salts 12. The N,N,Nʹ-trialkylcyanamidium salts 1react as the ene, and the ylidenecyanamide derivatives 5react as the enophile components to form the 2-azoniaallene salts 11 followed by the formation of conjugated iminium salts 12 as cationic polynitrogen compounds with guanidine and amidine subgroups. The constitution of the new conjugated iminium salts 12 was secured by elemental analyses and spectroscopic data (IR and NMR).
Synthesis, Structure and Thermal Decomposition of a New Iodine Inclusion Compound in the 2,2-Dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine/HI/I2 System
Authors: Megen Martin van , Jablonka Alexander , Reiss Guido J.
Published: July 2014

The reaction of 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine with hydroiodic acid in the presence of iodine gave a new polyiodide best described as bis(2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diazanium) tetraiodidediiodine (1 : 1), (C5H16N2)2I4·I2 (1). The title compound can be transformed into the known 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diazanium diiodide, (C5H16N2)I2 (2), upon iodine release at 433 K and 2 × 10−3 mbar. Both compounds have been characterised by spectroscopic methods (Raman and IR) and powder diffraction. For 1the single-crystal structure determination has been successful. The asymmetric unit of 1consists of one half 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diazanium cation and two half iodide anions, all lying in a mirror plane. In addition, there is one quarter of an iodine molecule located near to a centre of inversion (2/m site) which is disordered over two positions with occupancy factors of 0.22 and 0.78. The structure of the title compound contains cube-shaped structural units in which the -NH3
+ groups of four 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diazanium cations occupy the corners. The iodide anions lie near the midpoints of eight of the twelve edges, and the disordered iodine molecule fills the void in the centre. Weak I...I interactions between the disordered iodine molecules and adjacent iodide anions may also allow a description as conceivable I4
2− dianions. The cube-type building units are further connected to adjacent ones by weak to medium strong N-H...I hydrogen bonds resulting in a two-dimensional layered structure parallel to the ab plane.
Gold-Tin Ordering in SrAu2Sn2
Authors: Schwickert Christian , Gerke Birgit , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: July 2014

Samples of the solid solutions SrAuxSn4−x (1:7 ≤ x ≤ 2:2) were obtained by high-frequency melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules. Powder and single-crystal X-ray data confirmed the CaBe2Ge2-type structure, space group P4/nmm. The structures of SrAu1.76Sn2.24, SrAu2Sn2, SrAu2.16Sn1.84 (crystal A), SrAu2.16Sn1.84 (crystal B), and SrAu2.22Sn1.78 were refined from singlecrystal diffractometer data. Only the SrAu2Sn2 crystal shows complete Au-Sn ordering while all other crystals show substantial mixed occupancies on the four crystallographically independent sites of the polyanionic networks in which the strontium atoms fill cages of coordination number 16. Temperature-dependent susceptibility measurements have revealed diamagnetism for SrAu2Sn2. 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopic data of a bulk SrAu2Sn2 sample have resolved the tetrahedral and square-pyramidal tin sites but point to substantial Au-Sn disorder.
The Stannides EuPd2Sn2, EuPt2Sn2, EuAu2Sn2, and Eu5.4Sn5.6 – Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Schwickert Christian , Winter Florian , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: July 2014

The europium stannides EuT2Sn2 (T = Pd, Pt, Au) and Eu3Ag5.4Sn5.6 were synthesized by highfrequency melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules in a water-cooled sample chamber. All samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The EuT2Sn2 (T = Pd, Pt, Au) stannides crystallize with the CaBe2Ge2-type structure, space group P4/nmm. The structure of EuPd2Sn2 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: a = 462.44(8), c = 1045.8(3) pm, wR = 0.0402, 237 F2 values and 15 refined variables. The palladium and tin atoms build up a threedimensional [Pd2Sn2] polyanionic network, exclusively with Pd-Sn interactions (261 - 269 pm). The Pd1 and Pd2 atoms have square-pyramidal and tetrahedral tin coordination, respectively. The europium atoms fill large voids within the network. They are coordinated to eight palladium and eight tin atoms. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility studies confirm a stable divalent ground state of the europium atoms. The compounds become ordered antiferromagnetically below 6.3 (EuPd2Sn2), 6.1 (EuPt2Sn2) and 7.7 K (EuAu2Sn2). Eu3Ag5.4Sn5.6 adopts a partially ordered variant of the La3Al11 type, space group Immm, a = 471.33(8), b = 1382.5(4), c = 1032.4(2) pm, wR = 0.0449, 692 F2 values, 30 variables. The three-dimensional [Ag5.4Sn5.6] network shows one silver and one tin site besides two sites with substantial Ag/Sn mixing. The two crystallographically independent europium atoms fill larger and smaller cavities within the [Ag5.4Sn5.6] network. Eu3Ag5.4Sn5.6 also shows divalent europium and antiferromagnetic ordering at TN = 6:9 K. A 151Eu Mössbauer spectrum of Eu3Ag5.4Sn5.6 at 5.2 K shows an isomer shift of δ = −10.61 mms−1, typical for Eu(II) compounds, and a magnetic hyperfine field splitting of BHf = 5.9 T. 119Sn Mössbauer spectra of the four stannides show isomer shifts in the range of δ = 1.78 - 2.20 mms−1, usually observed for tin in intermetallic compounds.