bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verbal Linguistics Intelligence and Self-Directed Learning in EFL Writing Problem Solving: A Study of Grit's Mediating Influence
Authors: Mujiono Mujiono
Published: December 2024

In EFL writing, the interplay of Verbal linguistic intelligence and self-directed learning, influenced by grit, is crucial for enhancing proficiency. This research aims to explore the intricate relationship between linguistic intelligence, independent learning, and the pivotal role of grit. A cross-sectional design was instituted, encompassing 228 participants, aged 20-25, from a renowned private university in Malang, Indonesia. The Grit Scale by Duckworth et al. (2007) gauged participants' perseverance, while tools grounded in Hayes and Flower's paradigms assessed self-directed Learning. Verbal-linguistic Intelligence was appraised using the MIDAS tool. The findings illuminate the intricate dynamics of Verbal linguistics lntelligence, self-directed learning, and grit in academic writing. Verbal Intelligence strongly correlated with the constructs, underscoring its cardinal role in academic writing and analytical capabilities. Grit emerged as a crucial mediator between Self-Directed Learning, Verbal Intelligence, and writing problem-solving strategies, presenting a promising avenue for targeted pedagogical interventions. This investigation bolsters the foundation of resilient educational assessment tools and magnifies the transformative potential of grit and linguistic prowess in sharpening analytical abilities. Further studies should expound upon these relationships across diverse landscapes, remaining mindful of inherent biases.
Keywords: academic writing, EFL, grit, self-directed learning, verbal linguistics, intelligence
Women's Domination in Their Relationship with Language in the Movie "Tilik The Series"
Authors: Alfi Kunti Zahrotun , Syamsi Kastam , Efendi Anwar , Hartono Hartono
Published: December 2024

This research aims to describe the dominance of women in the film "Tilik The Series" through dialogue and scenes using note-taking techniques. There were 8 episodes taken as research data. Through this technique, 9 dialogues related to female domination were obtained. The analysis was carried out using Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis. The research results show that in society, women occupy a position as subjects who can voice their opinions through loud speech and physical actions. This is done by the characters Bu Tejo to the parking attendant, Bu Tejo to Nopek, and Yu Ning to Pak Tejo. The actions taken by several figures encouraged village women to do the same. This shows that women have the power to influence other women. Furthermore, women who are abandoned by their husbands receive a low position and negative nicknames in society. The research findings from the film "Tilik: The Series" suggest a significant transformation in the roles and perceptions of women in society. Women are portrayed as subjects who are empowered, capable of leadership, and able to challenge traditional gender norms and stereotypes, while still respecting cultural traditions. This implies a move towards a more gender-inclusive and equitable society where women have a more significant voice and influence in both public and domestic spheres.
Psychological Interpretation of Song Lyrics by Putri Ariani's Single
Authors: Narisa Vivi , Erni Erni
Published: December 2024

Songs are an appreciation of literary works that have emotional communicating elements. As a result, songs may be a form of communication for singers and composers to express their feelings to listeners. One of them is the song Putri Ariani, which has several singles. The aim of the research is to describe, analyze, and interpret the psychology of the song lyrics in the single Putri Ariani. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques include (1) listening to the song carefully, (2) noting the song lyrics carefully, and (3) understanding the psychological aspects of the song. Data analysis uses Schleirmacher's hermeneutical approach. The conclusion of this research is that the lyrics written in Putri Ariani's single were created from the author's feelings and experiences so lyrics emerged that were touching and accepted by the public. The lyrics he wrote move from the author's own circumstances. Apart from that, it depicts hope, sadness, disappointment, admiration, and love. The implications of the research results can be used in the development of psychological interpretation studies (Schleiermacher hermeneutics) and can be useful in the field of education. For example, when studying poetry, this song can also be played to stimulate students' imagination and provoke students' understanding.
Interactive Learning of Arabic Grammar at Al-Azhar Course, Pare, Kediri, East Java
Authors: Khofifah Khofifah , Nasiruddin Nasiruddin
Published: December 2024

Although many research has been conducted on interactive learning, there is still little that describes interactive learning of Arabic grammar in course institutions. Thus, this research aims to provide information about interactive learning of Arabic grammar at the Al-Azhar Pare Kediri, East Java course institute. The type of research carried out was qualitative research (Jailani, 2023) which was revealed by writing descriptive data reviewing several reasons for the implementation and interactive learning process of Arabic grammar at the Al-Azhar Pare Kediri course institute. Data was obtained through three techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data validity, source triangulation, data interpretation and conclusions. The results of the research show that there are several reasons for implementing interactive learning of Arabic grammar at the Al-Azhar Pare Kedi institution in East Java, namely, learning Arabic from native speakers, teachers who are graduates of the Middle East, having a pleasant learning class atmosphere, strategic location, there are superior programs and dormitories. The interactive learning process of Arabic grammar at the Al-Azhar Pare Kediri course institute includes reciprocity, balanced contribution, more than one way of solving problems, involving various sources, involving various skills, reading and writing and challenges. Learning Arabic in listening, reading, speaking and writing skills with an active receptive approach in informal and non-formal institutions can be carried out for further research. Recommendations from researchers are expected to be able to research in the Yellow Book Village of Pare Al-Azhar Kediri, East Java related to Balagoh science and the Al-Miftah Lil Ulum program for further research.
Features of Legal Language and Its Translation Analysis in Indonesian-English “Settlement Termination Agreement”
Authors: Muhaya Raskia Ella , Nugroho Raden Arief
Published: December 2024

Translation procedures and translation quality assessment can be used to assist translators when translating to get more accurate results. This paper aims to find out what legal language features and procedures of translation are and determine the quality of the resulting translation. The data sources used are words, phrases, and sentences that contain legal linguistic features such as archaisms, technical terms, phrasal verbs, doublets, and word reciprocity. This research is a qualitative descriptive study and was compiled based on the translation procedure framework of 17 Newmark (1988) followed by an assessment of the quality of the translation by Nababan (2012). From the analysis, the most frequently used legal language features are technical terms and archaisms. Meanwhile, the most widely used procedure in settlement agreement documents is literal translation with a total of 18 data and a percentage of 23.3%. The second order is naturalization with a total of 15 and a percentage of 19.4%. These two procedures are most often used by translators in translating settlement agreement documents. The use of literal translation procedures dominates. This, of course, affects the quality of the translation of this document. Based on the evaluation of the quality of the translation carried out, the level of accuracy and acceptability is 89%, and the readability is 78%. So, it can be concluded that the results of the translation of this settlement termination agreement document can be declared valid because it is translated in accordance with the applicable legal system based on the target language.
Investigating the Role of Cooperative Learning in Fostering Moroccan ESP Students’ Learning Attitudes
Authors: Ait Hattani Hanae
Published: December 2024

Cooperative learning (CL) is a teaching and learning approach that has been sufficiently studied to be accepted as an effective method of language education, English language in particular. In all levels of education, students in cooperative situations achieved greater academic, social, and psychological benefits. Nowadays, learners are expected to be more actively involved in the teaching and learning process, especially when they work together to achieve a specific target or objective. This study investigates teaching English for Specific Purposes within the paradigm of a cooperative learning approach. It comes as an attempt to investigate the impact of cooperative learning on improving students’ learning skills and attitudes in the ESP instructional context. Through a survey questionnaire, this inquiry aimed at shedding light on learners’ perceptions towards’ their cooperative learning experience. Based on attitudinal results, the majority of respondents positively perceived the use of cooperative learning as an approach that provides them with a learning environment conducive to social interaction, peer tutoring, skills’ development, and knowledge retention. Eventually, according to the study results, cooperative learning has benefits that go outside of the classroom and learning environment. Long-term benefits of cooperative learning include the opportunity for students to practice skills that may have a progressive impact on their lives in addition to helping them acquire new knowledge.
Indonesian EFL Students’ Elastic Language in Discussing Horror Movies
Authors: Kinasih Putri Rindu , Lacey Jazlyn
Published: December 2024

To create an exchange of information is the goal of communication. Surprisingly, we rarely express ourselves clearly, precisely, and explicitly when we write or speak. This research is a conversational analysis (CA) that studies eight students from the 5th semester of the English Department of a private university. The 21’23”- conversation about the Indonesian horror movie is analyzed based on the classification of four lexical categories and categories of EL’s pragmatic function elastic language proposed by Zhang (2015). This research aims to identify the implied messages conveyed by women and men as they talk about Indonesian horror movies. The study showed that approximate stretchers are the most used kind of elastic language. And, men and women use approximate stretchers at similar rates. The same number of approximate stretchers opposes the claim that women are less assertive. Then, women tend to use more intensifiers, which enhances interaction in communication. The last finding of this study was that women employed more epistemic stretchers than men. Additionally, this research finds that both men and women used elastic language for just-right elastic function mainly. Because approximation is frequently sufficient in this situation, approximate stretchers are usually chosen for just-right elastic terms.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRODISPIDAE (ACARI: PYGMEPHOROIDEA) FROM MEXICO
Authors: Khaustov Alexander A. , Yurtaev Andrey A.
Published: December 2024

Two new species of Microdispidae (Acari: Pygmephoroidea), Dolichodispus neotropicus sp. n. and Cochlodispus mexicanus sp. n. are described from the forest litter in Mexico. The genus Dolichodispus Khaustov is recorded from the Neotropical region for the first time. The current diagnosis of the genus Cochlodispus Mahunka is discussed. In addition, a key to the species of the Dolichodispus genus is provided.
FAUNISTIC AND TAXONOMIC DATA ON ORIBATID MITES (ACARI, ORIBATIDA) FROM CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Rybalov Leonid B.
Published: December 2024

Faunistic data on oribatid mites (Oribatida) from the vicinities of the towns of Debre Sina, Ginchi and Sebeta (Central Ethiopia) are presented; a list of 58 species, belonging to 40 genera and 28 families, is provided. One new species—Metabelba (Pateribelba) ginchiensis Ermilov sp. n. (Damaeidae)—is described.
ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF MITE GALLOGENESIS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSECT-INDUCED GALLS
Authors: Desnitskiy Alexey G. , Chetverikov Philipp E. , Ozman-Sullivan Sebahat K.
Published: December 2024

The present article reviews the main parasite–host model systems that have been used in recent studies in the molecular genetic analysis and in the investigation of the morpho-functional traits of mite gallogenesis on the leaves of angiosperms. The aforementioned works focused on the development of galls with a chamber, while other types of mite galls, including the most simply organized (erinea), remain virtually unstudied. Our article discusses the possible role of endosymbiotic bacteria in the induction of mite gallogenesis, as well as changes in the adaxial-abaxial polarity of the leaf and the expression of host plant genes during gallogenesis. The need for additional testing of the hypothesis regarding the participation of bacteria of the genera Wolbachia and Rhodococcus in the induction of gallogenesis is demonstrated. We have revealed certain convergent similarities in the gallogeneses induced by the grape phylloxera and by the gall mites. In particular, in both instances, the nutritive tissue is formed, the primary gall-inducing stimulus is produced by the feeding of females on young leaves, and the gall formations are accompanied by the abaxialization of the leaf. A review of the literature suggests that the Hearn’s hypothesis about the similarity of arthropod gallogenesis with the somatic embryogenesis of plants, as well as Wolpert’s embryological concept of the positional information in its classical form, are not appropriate for the modeling of gallogenesis. Finally, a new impetus for the study of gallogenesis could be provided by the studies that investigate the link between the genetic heterogeneity of different zones of the leaf blade and the developmental patterns of galls formed in these zones under the influence of plant parasites.
THE EFFECTS OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANTS AND REPELLENTS ON IXODES PERSULCATUS
Authors: Andreev Sergey V. , Sakharov Konstantin A. , Zverev Sergey A. , Lapina Eugenia A. , Savraeva Daria V. , Akhmetshina Marina B. , Ushakova Elena V. , Kuzovlev Andrey S.
Published: December 2024

Tick-borne diseases have posed a serious threat to human health and life in recent decades as the number of cases of vector-borne diseases is rising steadily. Taiga ticks (Ixodes persulcatus) are among the most hazardous species of the Ixodidae family; they have spread from Siberia to China, Japan, Scandinavia and Poland. While repellents constitute a conventional line of defense against arthropod assaults, attractants are also employed in arthropod traps and may serve as the foundation for future protective technologies. The purpose of our study was to determine whether synthetic and natural substances of different classes have repellent or attractant effects on the taiga ticks. The substances included: DEET, IR3535, icaridin (KBR 3023), 2-undeca- none, nootkatone, squalene, methyl salicylate, benzaldehyde and guanine. Choice trials (treated vs. untreated textile materials) were conducted across a broad concentration range. The results have shown that the effective dose of IR3535 was 66.0 g/m2, while DEET and icaridin repelled taiga ticks at 17.3 g/m2. The most effective repellent for I. persulcatus was nootkatone, at the concentration of 1.0 g/m2. Undecanone’s repellent ability was weaker compared to nootkatone, with an effective concentration of 2.0 g/m2. None of the chemicals under study exhibited a 100% attractant effect. Nevertheless, benzaldehyde and guanine exhibited the highest levels of attractant activity.
THE INFLUENCE OF FOUR PLANTS ON THE BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE TOMATO RED SPIDER MITE, TETRANYCHUS EVANSI BAKER AND PRITCHARD, 1960 (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)
Authors: Drabo Edouard , Boly Aboubacar , Ouédraogo Théodore Y. , Sanou Apolline , Tarpidiga Simon , Waongo Antoine , Traoré Fousséni , Dabiré-Binso Clémentine L. , Sanon Antoine
Published: December 2024

The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, causes damage to cultivated Solanaceae plants (specifically tomato), resulting in a highly negative economic impact. In the current study, some biological parameters of T. evansi were evaluated using four plants as nutritive substrates (Solanum lycopersicum L., S. melongena L., S. macrocarpum L. and Amaranthus hybridus L.). The aforementioned parameters were recorded in laboratory conditions (28 °C, 60–70% RH and 12:12 L:D). Twelve leaf discs of each plant species were used to assess T. evansi’s reproductive parameters. Each leaf disc was separately placed in a Petri dish, covered with moist cotton. Each dish was considered a replicate. The results have indicated a significant effect that the choice of plants had on several biological parameters of T. evansi. In particular, the performance of T. evansi was significantly related to host plants (p = 0.01), as revealed by the duration of their development stages. No larvae reached the protonymph stage on amaranths. Significant differences of fecundity and oviposition (p = 0.01) were observed between females reared on tomatoes and the females reared on other substrates. However, no significant difference was found in female longevity. The offspring’s sex ratio was, in general, biased in favor of females. The differential effect of host plants on T. evansi may be a key factor for exploring integrated management strategies.
TAXONOMY OF MADAGASCAN ATOPOMELIDAE (ACARI, ASTIGMATA, PSOROPTIDIA) I: DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF LISTROPHOROIDES ASSOCIATED WITH ORYZORICTES HOVA (AFROSORICIDA, TENRECIDAE)
Authors: Kolesnikov Vasiliy B. , OConnor Barry M.
Published: December 2024

This is the first work in a series of taxonomic investigations of Madagascan Atopomelidae, associated with Tenrecidae. Here, a new species—Listrophoroides (Madlistrophoroides) bochkovi sp. n. (male and female)—associated with Oryzorictes hova (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae), is described. The new species is similar to Listrophoroides (Madlistrophoroides) fortis, but differs from the latter in a number of morphological features in both males and females, as well as in host specificity. Two species of Listrophoroides were found on Oryzorictes hova: Listrophoroides (Madlistrophoroides) uniformis and the new species.
Awarding USSR state awards to the Russian Imperial Navy sailors (1954–1956)
Authors: Sinegubov Stanislav N. , Shilov Sergey P. , Galyautdinov Yaroslav R.
Published: December 2024

The phaleristics research literature actively discusses the Soviet awards and related topics. However, one of them — awarding the USSR medals to the veterans of pre-revolutionary times — remains uncovered for different reasons, while in the Soviet historiography, there were, although, such publications, primarily by I. I. Ponomarev. Such situation seems erroneous and unacceptable from the scientific, moral, and ideological points of view. This article aims to fill in this gap, at least partially, by studying the awarding of Soviet orders and medals to the sailors of the Russian Imperial Navy. The authors describe the unique experience of the Soviet authorities in 1954-1956 in commemorating and glorifying then-living veterans who served in the Tsarist Russia Navy and proved themselves in difficult and often critical situations. In particular, the article shows how the Soviet leaders and top officials paid closest attention to and supported the people’s initiative to reward the heroic sailors who had served to the stigmatized tsarist regime. More importantly, this work reveals the unique motives behind this entire phenomenon, which never again happened in the Soviet history. In addition, the authors characterize the heroic deeds of the honorary receivers of the soviet medals and orders in the mid-1950s: A. D. Voitsekhovsky, V. L. Yakovets and other sailors from Varyag and Potemkin; F. E. Samonchuk, who showed heroism in the first half of October 1917 during the Operation Albion. The results show that the award Decrees of 1954-1956 were initiated by the ordinary Soviet citizens who worked in various fields, primarily military journalists, namely I. I. Ponomarev. The country’s leadership supported this initiative, which was reflected in the special legal acts, which awarded many veteran sailors of the Russian Fleet with medals and orders. While the authorities’ main motivation was the ideological component, the initiators themselves followed tamer human and moral principles.
Communicative strategies applied in ethnic stand-up discourse of Ronny Cheng’s comedy
Authors: Dudkova Darina S.
Published: December 2024

Stand-up comedy is one of the most popular text types in modern media landscape. Unique layouts of stand-up text, sensitive topics, and live interaction between the author and the interlocutor forces a comedian to apply various communicative techniques. Ethnic humor in stand-up comedy is rarely approached pragmatically; even rarely in research done by Russian scholars. This article suggests the analysis of ethnic humor in Ronny Cheng’s specials. Having transcribed and tagged the comedian’s speech, the author of this article pinpoints common stereotypes and frames exploited, as well as the rationale behind them. The applied communicative strategies of the comedian are then singled out and described. The distinction between global strategies, special strategies and particular tools is put forward as an indispensable factor for development of further comedy discourse analysis.
M. M. Prishvin and D. N. Mamin-Sibiryak: towards the rationale of poetic eco-dietics
Authors: Zyryanov Oleg V.
Published: December 2024

The idea of poetic dietetics, or the inextricable connection between the product of creativity and the personality of the artist-creator himself, receives its justification and terminological status in the reflection of European and Russian pre-romanticism. In his treatise Something about the Poet and Poetry (1815–1816), K. N. Batyushkov already directly opened the way for the formation of poetic eco-dietics, which makes the artist’s very “way of life” dependent on his natural environment and personal eco-consciousness. The author of this article assumes that the most important role in the development of artistic eco-consciousness belongs to M. M. Prishvin, while D. N. Mamin-Sibiryak can be considered his forerunner on this path. In support of this thesis, the comparison of their individual works has been made, emphasizing the fact of their value and genre-style convergence. The analysis involves the image of Fomich from Mamin-Sibiryak’s essay Forest, as well as the system of statements of this writer about the “sense of nature” characteristic of hero-hunters, and a whole series of Prishvin’s confessions from his diary and essays Forest Floors and Human Life. On this basis, the roots of Prishvin’s personal poetic “ecology” are identified, which boil down to the two main formulas: “the science of related attention” and the awareness of the surrounding world as “the great House of living beings.” The article also analyzes in detail Prishvin’s prose sketch “Moose” from the book In the Land of Grandfather Mazai compared to with the precedent text of Mamin-Sibiryak’s story Emelya the Hunter (1884). Another topical plot is a comparison of two autobiographical novels — Prishvin’s Kashcheev’s Chain and Mamin-Sibiryak’s Traits from Pepko’s Life.
The mystical sense of nature in M. M. Prishvin’s works within the space of philosophical and historical thought
Authors: Martyanova Svetlana A.
Published: December 2024

This article reveals the genesis of M. M. Prishvin’s religious identity and restores the features of his experience of nature as a temple in the historiographic space. The author identifies two circles of such sources: those contemporary to the writer and in the context of “great historical time.” Based on M. M. Prishvin’s Diaries, the author of the article compares the writer’s ideas with the religious and philosophical searches of E. N. Trubetskoy, reflected in the work Russia in Its Icon: the idea of unified creation, catholicity, including not only humans, but the natural world as well; the idea, embodied in Novgorod icons of the 11th and 15th c., in jewelry of the Demetrievsky Cathedral in Vladimir, and on the icon All Creation Rejoices in You, O Full of Grace. The article highlights the close relation of Prishvin’s and Trubetskoy’s ideas to V. S. Solovyov’s statements in the article “The General Meaning of Art.” In this article, V. M. Zhirmunsky’s book German Romanticism and Modern Mysticism (1914) is included into academic works on Prishvin. Prishvin’s understanding of nature is also considered as а part of Russian Franciscanism. This article analyzes the influence of Russian books on St. Francis on the writer’s artistic ideas. The results show the Christian nature of M. M. Prishvin’s God-seeking and creative ideas, their inclusion in the writer’s contemporary and cultural-historical context, going back to the “Hexaemeron,” the judgments of the holy fathers, medieval ideas about the world as a book, and reinforced by romantic insight.
Russia on its path to carbon neutrality: forming a legal framework
Authors: Danilova Natalia V.
Published: December 2024

The fundamental agreements of the global community on climate protection are enshrined in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1992, as well as the protocols and agreements adopted in its development. Part of international climate agreements, Russia has defined its national contribution for 2030 as a reduction of emissions to 70% as of the 1990 level. The goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 is officially recorded in the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation of 2023. Currently, the national climate legislation is being actively formed. This study aims to assess the current development state of the Russian climate legislation; to identify the key legal institutions necessary and sufficient for achieving the above goal; and to determine the factors influencing the configuration of the new legislative branch. The analysis of the present Russian climate legislation norms and their comparison with international legal requirements proves the creation of the legal framework for climate protection activities in Russia. Conditions have been provided for the implementation of climate projects, an administrative quota system is being tested within the Sakhalin experiment, and trading in greenhouse gas emission quotas has been launched. Meanwhile, a number of key issues have not yet been legally regulated. Thus, target indicators for reducing greenhouse gas emissions for economic sectors have not been defined, and the procedure for setting greenhouse gas emission quotas for individual emitting organizations has not been developed. A promising area for the development of Russian climate legislation is the regulation of activities to adapt to climate change. To date, government agencies have developed and adopted federal and sectoral plans for adaptation to climate change, but there is no legal regulation of activities to implement them.
Criteria analysis of the displacement front instability occurring at waterflooding of oil reservoirs
Authors: Kryazhev Yaroslav A. , Gilmanov Alexander Ya. , Fedorov Konstantin M. , Shevelev Alexander P.
Published: December 2024

The assessment of the stability of oil displacement front by water is necessary for design of an oil field development system while maintaining the reservoir pressure. Multidimensional dynamic models of the stability of front are probabilistic in nature, and criterion approaches have been developed only for classical problems. Gravitational forces are considered in the framework of Rapoport-Leas model only in this article. The objective of research is to develop the Saffman–Taylor approach for assessing the stability of oil displacement front, considering capillary and gravitational forces. The proposed model is based on the laws of conservation of mass for water and oil and Darcy’s laws for these phases in a one-dimensional approximation. Corey correlations for relative phase permeabilities and the equation for capillary pressure are used as additional relations. Saffman–Taylor conditions are used to assess the stability of oil displacement front. The procedure for introducing dimensionless complexes for equations used is carried out. Using an explicit finite difference scheme, the saturation of displacing liquid at the front is calculated. The critical values are determined for the introduced dimensionless complexes, in which the displacement of oil by water is still stable. The results have shown that gravitational and capillary forces can have a stabilizing effect when the mobility of displacing fluid is higher than the mobility of the displaced one. Capillary forces have a higher stabilizing effect than gravitational forces. The stability analysis performed on the model data helped to determine the oil viscosity range at which viscous forces are insufficient for the formation of viscous fingers.
Device for diagnostics and determination of energy consumption during the operation of a pumping unit
Authors: Yuldashev Rauf Z. , Yuldashev Zarifjan Sh. , Kasobov Loik S.
Published: December 2024

This article presents a device developed for diagnosing and determining the energy consumption of a pumping unit. The authors provide a block diagram of the device and the sequence of determining the energy consumption during the operation of the pumping unit and its elements, accompanied by an example of calculation according to the device’s passport data. The device aids in controlling the unit’s energy consumption when operated, with a warning system in place in the cases of the energy consumption going beyond the permissible limit.
The influence of the uneven distribution of deposits in the flow part of the centrifugal blower on the precession of its rotor
Authors: Stepanov Mikhail S. , Bunyakin Alexey V. , Gilaev Gani G. , Dunaev Vladislav I.
Published: December 2024

This article considers a dynamic precession model of the shaft in a centrifugal supercharger of a gas pumping unit with two compression stages and sliding bearings. Precession is characterized by the trajectory of the shaft floating on one of the supporting bearing units or on two nodes synchronously. The authors have assessed the imbalance force resulting from uneven deposits at two compression stages (two impellers of natural gas supercharger). The calculated characteristics are compared with the measurement data on the gas pumping unit during its operation. This article provides analytical expressions for estimating the force causing the precession of the shaft and creating its imbalance. The results can be used to diagnose the presence of deposits on the impellers of the supercharger.
Protección de los trabajadores frente al empleador empresario sometido a procedimientos concursales. Algunas consideraciones respecto del panorama actual en Chile
Authors: Varela Fleckenstein Andrés , Cifuentes Crisóstomo Jazmín
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se presenta la situación de los trabajadores frente a la crisis patrimonial del empleador empresario sujeto a procedimientos concursales en Chile. Para ello se revisan estudios de Derecho Concursal y de Derecho del Trabajo nacionales, considerando como fuente complementaria, alguna jurisprudencia judicial de los tribunales superiores de justicia. El estudio contempla un espacio temporal entre octubre de 2014 y septiembre de 2024. La pregunta de investigación que se pretende responder es la siguiente: ¿Es suficiente el régimen de protección de los trabajadores en Chile frente al empleador empresario sometido a un procedimiento concursal?
Exploring the Potential Use of Withania somnifera in Leprosy and Lepra Reactions: A Molecular Docking Approach
Authors: Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , Saraswathy Thiyagarajan , Velmurugan Hemasri , Venkatesan Sajitha , TY Sree Sudha , Maheshwari Pankaj , Sargunam Ray Radha , Srinivasan Alagesan , Thangaraju Eswaran , Thangaraju Tamilselvan
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is a traditional herb that is cur-rently commercially available for treating a variety of illnesses. By evaluating and verifying docking affinity scores, it is possible to explore the potential of the plant for treating leprosy and lepra-reaction as off-label use.

Methods:

The sitoindosides were used as ligands along with thalidomide in docking against targets, such as M. leprae, TNF-Alpha, and Interleukin-6 in order to determine the potential for inhibitory concentration and docking affinity.

Results:

According to the study, good binding energy values varied from -7 to -11 Kcal/mol. Sitoindoside IX had the highest binding affinity and important binding interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, when compared to Thalidomide and Sitoindoside X against all three re-ceptors.

Conclusion:

The present study confirmed that the Sitoindoside IX and X are a better fit for treating patients with leprosy. These findings are highly intriguing and suggest that this herb should be investigated further to validate these findings in leprosy.
Exploration of Phytochemicals as Anti-biofilm Agents Against Pathogenic Bacteria: Their Potential and Challenges
Authors: Banerjee Debolina , Biswas Poulomi , Mazumder Kamalika , Palai Sangita , Hossain Chowdhury Mobaswar , Karmakar Sanmoy , Biswas Kaushik
Published: December 2024

Multicellular surface-attached populations of bacteria embedded in the extracellular
matrix are known as biofilms. Bacteria generally preferred to grow as biofilms. Quorum sensing
(QS), detection of density of cell population through gene regulation, has been found to play an
important role in the production of biofilms. Biofilm formation can increase the severity of infections
that can lead to morbidity or mortality. Bacteria living within biofilms have a higher pattern
of adaptive resistance to antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance is a barrier in the treatment of biofilmsinduced
acute to chronic infections such as post-surgery infections, surgery-associated wound
infections, endocarditis, joint infections, burn-related wound infections occurred, ventilator-associated
pneumonia, etc. So it is urgent to discover or find out potent new drugs in fight against
infectious diseases such as biofilms-associated infections. Medicinal plants or herbs are a rich
source for fighting with biofilms-mediated infections. Phytochemicals have exhibited significant
effects in the prevention of biofilms formation against different bacteria that are causing infections.
Purified compounds such as berberine, tetrandrine, embelin, xanthorrhizol, bakuchiol, etc.,
exhibited promising biofilm inhibition actions against different pathogenic bacteria. Plant extracts
that contain several phytochemicals are evaluated for its biofilm’s inhibition property, and
have shown significant potential in biofilm formation. Antibiofilm agents act by distinct mechanisms
such as inhibiting the adherence of biofilms in a surface, preventing the biofilm formations,
disrupting the matured biofilms, etc. This study is intended to reiterate about possibilities of plant
extracts and purified compounds in the treatment of the prevention of bacterial biofilms-related
infections.
Image Encryption for Indoor Space Layout Planning
Authors: Ye Ping , Kweon Jihoon
Published: December 2024

Background:

Indoor space layout planning and design involves sensitive and confidential
information. To enhance the security and confidentiality of such data, the study introduces
an advanced image encryption algorithm. This algorithm is based on simultaneous chaotic
systems and bit plane permutation diffusion, aiming to provide a more secure and reliable
approach to indoor space layout design.

Methods:

The study proposes an image encryption algorithm that incorporates simultaneous
chaotic systems and bit plane permutation diffusion. This algorithm is then applied to the process
of indoor space layout planning and design. Comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate
the performance of the proposed algorithm against other existing methods. Additionally, a
comparative testing of indoor space layout planning and design methods is carried out to assess
the overall effectiveness of the research method.

Results:

Through the algorithm comparison test, information entropy, adjacent pixel distribution
and response time were selected as evaluation indexes. The results demonstrated that the
improved image encryption algorithm exhibited superior performance in terms of information
entropy (with average information entropy of 7.9990), anti-noise attack capability (with PSNR
value of 37.58db), and anti-differential attack capability (with NPCR and UACI values of
99.6% and 33.5%) when compared to the benchmark algorithm. In the actual application effect
test, the study selected space utilization, functionality, security, ease of use, confidentiality,
flexibility and other evaluation indicators. A comparative analysis of the actual application effects
of various interior design projects revealed that the interior space layout planning and design
method proposed in the study exhibited notable superiority over the comparison method
across all indicators. In particular, it showed overall advantages in space utilization (92.5% in
modern apartment design), functionality score (9.5 in future living experience museum design),
and safety assessment.

Conclusion:

The above key results demonstrate that the improved image encryption algorithm
and the designed indoor space layout planning method have substantial practical applications
and are expected to enhance security and confidentiality in the field of indoor space layout
planning, thereby providing users with a more optimal experience.
Precision Oncology: Advances in Drug Delivery and Imaging
Authors: Kumar Suraj , Sridhar Sathvik Belagodu , Malviya Rishabha , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: December 2024

The development of precise and reliable cancer treatments has been a long-standing goal
in oncology. Conventional therapies often affect healthy tissues, leading to significant side effects.
To overcome these challenges, researchers are exploring new methodologies that combine
advanced drug delivery systems with state-of-the-art imaging technologies to target tumors more
effectively. This study aims to investigate a novel approach that integrates smart drug delivery
systems with real-time imaging modalities. The goal is to enhance the targeted delivery of
therapeutic agents to cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy tissues while improving the
overall efficacy of cancer treatments. Smart drug delivery systems are designed to transport
medications directly to tumor sites, enhancing treatment precision. When combined with real-time
imaging tools such as MRI, CT, PET, and molecular imaging, these systems offer real-time data on
the tumor’s location, size, and response to treatment. This allows for immediate adjustments in
therapy, ensuring optimal drug delivery and reducing side effects. However, the implementation of
this approach also faces challenges, including the need for stringent safety protocols and adherence
to regulatory standards. The integration of advanced drug delivery systems with cutting-edge
imaging technologies presents a promising approach to cancer therapy. By enabling more precise
treatment targeting and reducing adverse effects, this strategy has the potential to significantly
improve patient outcomes in the fight against cancer.
Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of SARS-CoV
Authors: Tehseen Sana , Sidra-Tul- Muntaha  , Khan Muhammad Sajjad , Saeed Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Safdar Muhammad , Hussain Firasat , Younas Umair
Published: December 2024

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large and distinct group of RNA viruses that can
affect a wide range of animal species. These are spherical-shaped viruses with spike (S)
proteins positioned from the virion surface. The severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus (SARS-CoV) has a 30 kb RNA genome with 14 open reading frames
flanked by 5′ and 3′ UTR sections. The 5′ untranslated region is 265 bp long, while the
3′ end is 342 bp long. Normally, the coronavirus S protein is fragmented into 2
subunits, S1 and S2, though in the context of SARS-CoV, an un-cleaved type one
transmembrane S protein with S1 and S2 subunit homology has been discovered. CoVs
are classified into four genera based on genetic and antigenic characteristics: α, β, γ,
and δ. α and β CoVs only infect mammals, whereas primarily γ and δ infect birds,
though some can infect mammals as well. In 29 regions and countries, many deaths and
cases were reported due to the outbreak of SARS. Initially, the cases were reported in
2002 in China. In 2003, the outbreak of atypical pneumonia was first time reported by
WHO, and five deaths and 306 cases were reported in China due to this outbreak.
Molecular epidemiology studies revealed that the virus from the 2002–2003 South
China pandemic was distinct from the unique virus isolated in similar areas in the late
2003 and early 2004 epidemics, presenting distinct species-crossing events. SARSCoV has a wide host range. Different studies also showed that this virus can proliferate
in ferrets and macaques; however, in cats, no symptoms of this virus were found.
Mutations in SARS-CoV
Authors: Hussain Firasat , Javed Muhammad , Khan Amjad , Rahim Kashif , Nawaz Muhammad Naveed , Aqib Amjid Islam , Shuaib Muhammad , Shahzad Khawar Ali , Younas Umair , Khan Imtiaz Ali
Published: December 2024

The coronavirus family is named for the large spike protein molecules found
on the pathogen exterior, which give the virus a crown-like appearance, the coronavirus
genome is the biggest among RNA viruses. There are about seven viruses capable of
infecting humans: in the alpha genus, there are 229E and NL63, and in the beta genus,
there are OC-43, HKU1, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. The severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus.
In humans, the virus is transmitted through respiratory tract droplets or discharges from
diseased persons. The reservoir hosts for MERS-CoV are camels, while those for
SARS-CoV are most likely bats. SARS-CoV-2 infecting a snake may have been
transmitted by zoonotic transmission in a palm civet. The Chinese viruses SARS-Co-
-2 and SARS-CoV have many things in common, including contact with wild
animals.However, both SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV have the ability to persist and
spread the illness even when the infected individuals are untreated. SARS-S1 CoV-2's
components of the spike proteins have 75% structural commonality with SARS-like
CoVs in bats and SARS-CoV. According to genetic comparisons, the latest
investigations have proven that SARS-CoV-2 targets angiotensin-converting enzyme
type-2 (ACE-2) in humans. However, SARS-CoV-2 possesses an identical receptorbinding domain (RBD) pattern to SARS-CoV, with differences in amino acid
sequences at certain vital positions. The RBD is also found in the C-domain S1 component of MERS-CoV's S protein (Spike). Conversely, in contrast to SARS-CoV,
MERS-CoV uses a dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) helix as its binding site. Similarly,
MERS-RBD coronaviruses (CoVs) have an extra subdomain that functions as the
receptor-binding motif (RBM).
Mutation in MERS-CoV
Authors: Siddique Faisal , Abbas Rao Zahid , Abbas Asghar , Saeed Muhammad , Abbas Safdar , Sajid Muhammad , Rahim Kashif , Hussain Firasat
Published: December 2024

The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) is a betacoronavirusborne acute viral illness. Since it first appeared in 2012, multiple cases of animal-t-
-human transmission of MERS-CoV have been observed, indicating that MERS-CoV
has the potential to cause a widespread epidemic. It has been detected in bronchial
samples from more than 27 countries, with approximately 2,505 reported cases and a
mortality rate of 36%. Genetic heterogeneity of MERS-CoV between different samples
may have paved the way for cross-species transmission and changes in the tropics
between species and within species. MERS-CoV has many evolutionary genomic
origins in spike protein, envelope protein, matrix, and non-structural proteins (nsps)
and mutates continuously. In this chapter, we highlighted the causes and significance of
mutation in the amino acid sequences of spike protein, envelop protein, matrix protein,
nucleocapsid protein, and snp. Among the most enduring obstacles in controlling
coronavirus disease is the evolution of the virus, which is influenced by genetic
diversity, mutation, and natural selection.
Newly Emerging Variants of MERS-CoV
Authors: Marriam Saigha , Basit Abdul , Basit Zia-ud-Din , Hussain Firasat , Haq Ihtesham ul , Nisar Muhammad , Younas Umair , Rahim Kashif
Published: December 2024

The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) coronavirus is an
infectious viral disease. It has emerged rapidly from Saudi Arabia and later spread to
other countries. MERS-CoV resulted in a 35% case fatality rate and became a global
public health priority. The MERS-CoV has been heavily endemic in dromedary camel
populations of the Middle East and belongs to the 2C lineage of beta-CoV. This virus
expresses the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) receptor and causes severe acute
respiratory syndrome in humans. However, the specific mechanism of zoonotic
transmission from dromedaries to humans remains unclear. Despite new efforts and
significant advancements in the public health care system, numerous gaps exist in
understanding MERS-CoV infections. This chapter summarized the molecular
virulence of MERS-CoV, associated immune responses, variations in spike proteins,
pathogenesis, and genetic differences in MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2.
Furthermore, new protocols and active surveillance programs are much needed to
evaluate future reoccurrence of MERS-CoV infections and test antiviral agents to
develop vaccines that can be useful in treating MERS-CoV.
General Background and Introduction
Authors: Bajpai Pratima
Published: December 2024

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a singular natural nanomaterial when
compared to other naturally occurring or artificially created nanomaterials. Numerous
bacteria have the ability to generate BNC, which helps them survive in various
ecological environments. Due to its exceptional physico-chemical and biological
properties, it is becoming a biomaterial that is significant in many industrial areas.
BNC is a strong contender for usage in papermaking because of its intrinsic nanometric
size and strength characteristics. For the manufacture of cellulose, Gluconacetobacter
xylinus, previously known as Acetobacter xylinus, is the species of bacteria that has
been investigated the most. These bacteria are confined behind a gelatinous, skin-like
BNC membrane, which keeps them at the surface of the culture medium throughout the
production of cellulose. Bacterial-derived cellulose nanofibrils have the benefit of
having unique characteristics, plus the ability to modify culture conditions to change
the way the nanofibrils develop and crystallize. An overview and background
information on bacterial nanocellulose are provided in this chapter.