bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN STATUS SOSIAL DENGAN PERNIKAHAN USIA DINI
Authors: Manzahri Manzahri
Published: July 2019

Menikah dini merupakan fenomena yang sering kita jumpai di masyarakat Indonesia. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan pernikahan dini adalah status sosial terutama masalah pekerjaan dan budaya pelaku pernikahan dini. Dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat pernikahan dini pada umumnya lebih banyak dialami oleh perempuan, diantaranya yaitu komplikasi pada saat kehamilan, hilangnya kesempatan untuk mendapatkan pendidikan, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan kemiskinan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk hubungan status sosial dengan pernikahan usia dini di Puskemas Bumiratu Kecamatan Pagelaran Kabupaten Pringsewu Tahun 2016. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasangan usia subur yang berada di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bumiratu dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 68 sampel, dengan menggunakan metode random sampling. Analisis yang digunakan univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh hubungan antara status sosial dengan pernikahan usia dini di Puskemas Bumiratu Kecamatan Pagelaran Kabupaten Pringsewu Tahun 2016 dengan nilai p-value = 0,004. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan aktif dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada remaja tentang pentingnya pengetahuan mengenai pernikahan ditinjau dari usia yang disarankan dan sesuai kesehatan reproduksi, pendidikan, pekerjaan dan kebudayaan yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Bersalin Tentang Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu dini Di Bpm Hj. Rusmiati Palembang
Authors: Khoiriah Anisa , Sari Nopita
Published: July 2019

Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dapat menyelamatkan 22% dari bayi yang meninggal sebelum usia satu bulan. Di Indonesia ibu bersalin yang melaksanakan IMD pada tahun 2010 berjumlah 29,3% dan tahun 2013 berjumlah 34,5% sedangkan di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun 2013 ibu bersalin yang melakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini berjumlah 29,6%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Diketahuinya Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Bersalin Tentang Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini di BPM Hj. Rusmiati Palembang tahun 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode survey deskriptif. Besar sampel adalah 50 responden diambil dengan teknik purposive Sampling. Dimana data diperoleh dengan cara membagikan kuesioner kepada 50 ibu bersalin dari bulan januar-mei di BPM Hj. Rusmiati Palembang tahun 2017. Kemuadian data yang diperoleh diolah dianalisis secara univariat. Dari Hasil penelitian maka didapatkan bahwa dari 50 responden yang diteliti, ibu yang pengetahuan baik tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini sebanyak 20 responden (40%), lebih sedikit dibandingkan ibu dengan pengetahuan kurang baik terhadap Inisiasi Menyusu Dini sebanyak 30 responden (60%). Dan dari 50 responden terdapat 31 responden (62%) yang melakukan pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dan yang tidak melakukan Inisisi Menyusu Dini sebanyak 19 responden (38%). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian bahwa masih kurangnya pengetahuan ibu bersalin tentang manfaat Inisiasi Menyusu Dini. Diharapkan agar dapat menjadi bahan acuan bagi tenaga kesehatan terutama bidan untuk meningkatkan mutu dan sebagai pelaksana langsung dapat memberikan penyuluhan tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, agar ibu mengetahui pentingnya pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini bagi ibu bersalin.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web Mobile SMA Negeri 1 Ulu Belu
Authors: Muslihudin Muhammad , Imamudin M Arif
Published: July 2019

Abstrak

Penerimaan siswa baru merupakan salah satu proses yang ada di instansi pendidikan seperti sekolah. Proses penerimaan siswa baru (PSB) di SMAN 1 Ulu Belu yang masih mengunakan sistem konvensional, sehingga calon siswa terkadang kesulitan mendapatkan informasi untuk melakukan proses pendaftaran. Proses pendaftaran juga cenderung lambat, karena data belum terintegrasi dan terkelola dengan baik. Proses ini juga masih menggunakan arsip dalam bentuk fisik yang rentan mengalami kerusakan atau bahkan hilang. Untuk dapat mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi pada pendaftaran siswa baru di SMAN 1 Ulu Belu dibuatlah perancangan dan pembangunan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web Mobile. Metode yang digunakan untuk pembangunan sistem informasi menggunakan permodelan Entity Relationship Diagram. Hasil akhir dari perancangan dan pembangunan sistem informasi ini adalah adanya sebuah web berbasis web mobile yang dapat memberi kemudahan akses informasi dan proses pendaftaran sehingga proses penerimaan siswa baru menjadi lebih efektif dan efisisen.
Fatal Myocarditis and Rhabdomyositis in a Patient with Stage Iv Melanoma Treated with Combined Ipilimumab and Nivolumab
Authors: Saibil S. D. , Bonilla L. , Majeed H. , Sotov V. , Hogg D. , Chappell M. A. , Cybulsky M. , Butler M. O.
Published: July 2019

Combination immune checkpoint blockade with concurrent administration of the anti-CTLA4 antibody ipilimumab and the anti–PD-1 antibody nivolumab has demonstrated impressive responses in patients with advanced melanoma and other diseases. That combination has also been associated with increased toxicity, including rare immune-related adverse events. Here we describe a case of fatal steroid-refractory myocarditis and panmyositis associated with the use of this combination in a patient with metastatic melanoma. Correlative studies indicated increased levels of serum interleukin 6 in this patient at the onset of toxicity, suggesting a possible role for anti–interleukin 6 receptor antibodies in the treatment of subsequent cases of this rare, but fatal, toxicity.
A General Practitioner’s Guide to Hematopoietic Stem-cell Transplantation
Authors: Bazinet A. , Popradi G.
Published: July 2019

Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is a medical procedure that consists of infusing stem cells after a short course of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or both. It can be used in the treatment of various cancers, as well as some benign conditions. In the present review, we discuss the various types of HSCT and their main indications. The principles of the transplant procedure itself and the basics of recipient selection are reviewed. Special attention is given to both the immediate and the long-term complications of HSCT and their management strategies. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is a potentially life-saving procedure and often the only curative option for a variety of diseases; however, it is not without significant toxicities.
When medicines fail: recommendations for curbing antibiotic resistance
Authors: Nugent Rachel , Okeke Iruka N
Published: July 2019

This item has no abstract. Use the links below to access the full text
La responsabilité de protéger et l’internationalisation des systèmes politiques
Authors: Mvé Ella Léandre
Published: July 2019

La doctrine internationaliste analyse traditionnellement la responsabilité de protéger dans le but de déterminer sa portée normative. Cette approche se justifie par l’attrait de la question de la normativité et à l’indifférence habituelle du droit international vis-à-vis du système politique des États. Cette article, résumé d’une thèse de doctorat, entend étudier la question de la responsabilité de protéger sous l’angle des systèmes politiques des États défaillants et des populations protégées. Le but n’était donc pas de faire une présentation générale du principe mais d’identifier dans des situations de mise en œuvre du principe, le phénomène d’internationalisation des systèmes politiques. La thèse soutient que la responsabilité de protéger s’intéresse aux systèmes politiques des États dans lesquels elle s’applique à la fois dans ses conditions de mise en œuvre que dans ses conséquences. Ainsi, en interrogeant le lien entre la responsabilité de protéger et les systèmes politiques des États, l’on constate que le principe est « enchâssé » dans un réseau de normes qui ne sont pas exclusivement juridiques. L’étude propose donc d’y voir, l’existence d’une norme de congruence dès lors qu’elle conduit à apprécier la valeur juridique d’une règle de droit en tenant compte des différentes influences contenues dans celle-ci.
« L’État nucléaire » ou la V e République à l’épreuve d’un conflit nucléaire : analyse de la théorie pacienne de l’adaptabilité constitutionnelle aux circonstances de crise
Authors: Grémare Benoît
Published: July 2019

Si l’esprit de la Constitution de 1958 illustre le rôle du chef de l’État, garant de la souveraineté, de l’indépendance et de l’intégrité de la Nation, l’apparition de l’arme nucléaire a entraîné de nouvelles dispositions constitutionnelles en vue d’une véritable effectivité politique par la permanence de pratiques d’exception telles que la dissuasion et par la limitation des libertés fondamentales en cas de crise grave. En prospective juridique s’est élaborée la théorie de l’État Nucléaire par Henri Pac lequel en 1989 examina les incidences exécutives, législatives et judiciaires de la possession de l’arme nucléaire comme moyen de souveraineté de l’État dans un contexte défini de circonstances de crises et caractérisée par l’emploi de l’arme nucléaire. Beaucoup plus étendu que les textes constitutionnels et réglementaires ne le laisseraient entendre du fait de la segmentation des fonctions gouvernementales et militaires se confondant de manière monocratique, la théorie « pacienne » de l’État nucléaire, cas-limite de la V e République, demeure pertinente à bien des égards s’il en est de son actualisation au regard du droit positif interne. Au plan constitutionnel, le problème des rapports entre défense et régime est essentiellement celui de l’insertion des impératifs de la dissuasion dans une démocratie parlementaire. Les impératifs de la dissuasion doivent-ils contourner la légalité constitutionnelle, ou le droit constitutionnel doit-il pour autant s’adapter en dérogeant à ces impératifs ? Le régime dérogatoire de l’État nucléaire implique une suspension provisoire des dispositions constitutionnelles au nom de l’impératif catégorique d’indépendance et de survie de la nation. Or cette dérogation, limitée et contrôlée, n’institue pas de nouvelles normes anticonstitutionnelles mais demeure une exception prouvant l’effectivité de la V e République en circonstances de crise. Le rétablissement de l’État de droit déclaré par le Conseil Constitutionnel, permet de résoudre ce cas-limite de l’État nucléaire, démontré comme conforme constitutionnellement.
La géographie discrète des réseaux transnationaux entre l’Algérie et la Chine
Authors: Belguidoum Saïd , Pliez Olivier
Published: July 2019

Cet article examine la construction simultanée des « Routes de la soie » mise en œuvre par les commerçants algériens depuis près de 40 ans. L’Algérie est emblématique du redéploiement discret des réseaux marchands d’approvisionnement à l’Est et au Sud de la Méditerranée. La remontée des routes à partir des places algériennes jusqu’à Yiwu, permet de mieux comprendre leur nature et leur fonctionnement. Ces routes se superposent et s’entrecroisent sur trois niveaux : transnational entre l’Algérie et la Chine, national dans un pays où le marché de consommation est en plein essor et transrégional. Ce dernier niveau est une intersection des deux autres niveaux, organisé à partir des points d’ancrage des comptoirs et des marchés mondialisés situés dans l’est de l’Algérie. La comparaison de ces trois niveaux nous permet de mettre en lumière la formation de réseaux mondiaux – ce que nous appelons la (ou les) route(s) – situés au carrefour de logiques locales, régionales, nationales et transnationales et issus d’arrangements à plusieurs échelles entre plusieurs acteurs. Ce travail de recherche repose sur de nombreuses enquêtes in-situ menées par les auteurs depuis le début des années 2000 auprès des commerçants algériens sur les différentes places et comptoirs en Algérie, à Dubaï et en Chine.
Les relations sino-égyptiennes à l’ère ‘Xi-al-Sissi’ ou la cristallisation d’une forte convergence géopolitique
Authors: Aoun Elena , Kellner Thierry
Published: July 2019

Les relations entre la République populaire de Chine et l’Égypte sont passées à la vitesse supérieure depuis le début des années 2010. Construisant sur un socle déjà solide, les présidents Xi et al-Sissi ont scellé fin 2014 un « partenariat stratégique intégral » entre leurs deux pays. Cet article vise à restituer les grandes lignes de cette évolution rapide et met en exergue la multiplicité des domaines dans lesquels elle se matérialise. Il s’intéresse en particulier à la coopération dans les domaines bilatéraux et multilatéraux, notamment dans le cadre de la Belt and road initiative lancée par Xi Jinping et ses multiples dimensions géopolitiques. Il montre comment la Chine et l’Égypte se confortent mutuellement dans leur recherche croisée de marges de manœuvre accrues dans le cadre d’un ordre mondial sinon décentré par rapport à l’Occident, du moins multi-centré.
China and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict
Authors: Burton Guy
Published: July 2019

La Chine peut-elle faire la différence dans le conflit israélo-palestinien ? Pour répondre à cela, l’article se réfère à deux formes principales de paix selon les travaux de Galtung : la paix négative (c’est-à-dire l’absence ou l’élimination de la violence) et la paix positive (c’est-à-dire la résolution des causes d’un conflit). Un certain nombre d’éléments nous permettent d’évaluer ce rôle : la présence croissante de la Chine dans la région, son souci de la stabilité et de l’ordre régionaux ; ses intérêts commerciaux croissants et approfondis avec les parties au conflit, son engagement dans le processus d’Oslo, ses contributions au dialogue entre les deux parties, et son manque d’engagement avec la dynamique locale en cours dans les sociétés politiques et civiles israéliennes et palestiniennes. Au final, ces facteurs, conjugués aux évolutions récentes, laissent penser que la Chine envisage un scénario de paix négative et qu’il est donc peu probable qu’elle joue un rôle important dans la résolution du conflit.
An Equilibrium Model of the African HIV/AIDS Epidemic
Authors: Greenwood Jeremy , Kircher Philipp , Santos Cezar , Tertilt Michèle
Published: July 2019

Twelve percent of the Malawian population is HIV infected. Eighteen percent of sexual encounters are casual. A condom is used a third of the time. To analyze the Malawian epidemic, a choice‐theoretic general equilibrium search model is constructed. In the developed framework, people select between different sexual practices while knowing the inherent risk. The calibrated model is used to study several policy interventions, namely, ART, circumcision, better condoms, and the treatment of other STDs. The efficacy of public policy depends upon the induced behavioral changes and equilibrium effects. The framework complements the insights from epidemiological studies and small‐scale field experiments.
The Macroeconomic Impact of Microeconomic Shocks: Beyond Hulten's Theorem
Authors: Baqaee David Rezza , Farhi Emmanuel
Published: July 2019

We provide a nonlinear characterization of the macroeconomic impact of microeconomic productivity shocks in terms of reduced‐form nonparametric elasticities for efficient economies. We also show how microeconomic parameters are mapped to these reduced‐form general equilibrium elasticities. In this sense, we extend the foundational theorem of Hulten (1978) beyond the first order to capture nonlinearities. Key features ignored by first‐order approximations that play a crucial role are: structural microeconomic elasticities of substitution, network linkages, structural microeconomic returns to scale, and the extent of factor reallocation. In a business‐cycle calibration with sectoral shocks, nonlinearities magnify negative shocks and attenuate positive shocks, resulting in an aggregate output distribution that is asymmetric (negative skewness), fat‐tailed (excess kurtosis), and has a negative mean, even when shocks are symmetric and thin‐tailed. Average output losses due to short‐run sectoral shocks are an order of magnitude larger than the welfare cost of business cycles calculated by Lucas (1987). Nonlinearities can also cause shocks to critical sectors to have disproportionate macroeconomic effects, almost tripling the estimated impact of the 1970s oil shocks on world aggregate output. Finally, in a long‐run growth context, nonlinearities, which underpin Baumol's cost disease via the increase over time in the sales shares of low‐growth bottleneck sectors, account for a 20 percentage point reduction in aggregate TFP growth over the period 1948–2014 in the United States.
Intelligent Sockets for Home Automation and Security
Authors: Bharath V. N.  , Adyanth H.  , Shreekanth T.  , Suresh Nalina , Ananya M. B.
Published: July 2019

The intelligent sockets are an advancement in approach to better the features and convenience offered by the existing switchboards. All updates to the board are done via a separately kept server for the web interface which connects to the home network. The features provided to the user can be bettered progressively via software updates. Features like timers which work in both automatic and manual mode, security aspect via surveillance and facial recognition, overload and usage logging with the help of the current sensor is provided. The data is also verified with the actual meter for accuracy and as a check for tampering. The data so gathered can also be used for prediction using machine learning. System first classifies various types of analog meters. Right now, the lbph classifier is trained to detect analog meter with needle and Analog meter with text readings.
Denial-of-Service and Botnet Analysis, Detection, and Mitigation
Authors: Sikkanan Sobana , Kasthuri M.
Published: July 2019

The internet is designed for processing and forwarding of any packet in a best effort manner. The packets carried by the internet may be malicious or not. Most of the time, internet architecture provides an unregulated path to victims. Denial-of-service (DoS) attack is the most common critical threat that causes devastating effects on the internet. The Botnet-based DoS attack aims to exhaust both the target resources and network bandwidth, thereby making the network resources unavailable for its valid users. The resources are utilized by either injecting a computer virus or flooding the network with useless traffic. This chapter provides a systematic analysis of the causes of DoS attacks, including motivations and history, analysis of different attacks, detection and protection techniques, various mitigation techniques, the limitations and challenges of DoS research areas. Finally, this chapter discusses some important research directions which will need more attention in the near future to guarantee the successful defense against DoS attacks.
Disease Identification in Plant Leaf Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Venu K.  , Palanisamy Natesan , Krishnakumar B.  , Sasipriyaa N.
Published: July 2019

Early detection of disease in the plant leads to an early treatment and reduction in the economic loss considerably. Recent development has introduced deep learning based convolutional neural network for detecting the diseases in the images accurately using image classification techniques. In the chapter, CNN is supplied with the input image. In each convolutional layer of CNN, features are extracted and are transferred to the next pooling layer. Finally, all the features which are extracted from convolution layers are concatenated and formed as input to the fully-connected layer of state-of-the-art architecture and then output class will be predicted by the model. The model is evaluated for three different datasets such as grape, pepper, and peach leaves. It is observed from the experimental results that the accuracy of the model obtained for grape, pepper, peach datasets are 74%, 69%, 84%, respectively.
Об оценках в $L_2(\mathbb{R})$ средних $\nu$-поперечников
классов функций, определенных при помощи
обобщенного модуля непрерывности $\omega_{\mathcal{M}}$
Authors: Vakarchuk Sergey Borisovich
Published: July 2019

Для классов функций
$$
W^r(\omega_{\mathcal{M}},\Phi):=\{f \in
L^r_2(\mathbb{R}): \omega_{\mathcal{M}}(f^{(r)},t) \leqslant
\Phi(t) \forall t \in (0,\infty)\},
$$
где $\Phi$ - мажоранта
и $r \in \mathbb{Z}_{+}$, в пространстве $L_2(\mathbb{R})$ найдены
оценки снизу и сверху бернштейновского, колмогоровского и
линейного средних $\nu$-поперечников. Указано условие
на мажоранту $\Phi$, при выполнении которого удается вычислить
точные значения перечисленных поперечников. Приведен ряд примеров,
иллюстрирующих полученные результаты.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Некоторые модулярные неравенства в пространствах Лебега
с переменным показателем на комплексной плоскости
Authors: Izuki Mitsuo , Kayama T , Noi Takahiro , Sawano Yoshihiro
Published: July 2019

Рассматриваются модулярные неравенства для некоторых линейных
операторов на пространствах Лебега с переменным показателем
на комплексной плоскости. Полученные результаты показывают,
что переменный показатель должен быть константой, если
выполняется модулярое неравенство.
Библиография: 17 названий.
Суботношение Штейнера в банаховых пространствах
Authors: Burusheva Leyla Sharipovna
Published: July 2019

Для каждого $n=2,3,…$ найден минимум суботношения Штейнера
для $n$-точечных множеств в банаховых пространствах и построен
пример банахова пространства, в котором этот минимум достигается.
Построен также пример банахова пространства
с минимальным возможным суботношением Штейнера, равным $1/2$.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Некоторые задачи, связанные с вполне монотонными
и положительно определенными функциями
Authors: Zastavnyi Viktor Petrovich
Published: July 2019

В работе рассматривается несколько задач
для вполне монотонных функций (класс ${\mathcal{CM}}$) и
для функций, которые являются положительно определенными
на вещественном линейном пространстве $E$ (класс $\Phi(E)$).
В теореме 1 доказаны некоторые предположения Д. Моука,
связанные с вполне монотонностью функции $x^{-\mu}(x^2+1)^{-\nu}$.
В теореме 2 доказано, что если функция
$f\in C^{\infty}{(0,+\infty)}$ и $\delta\in{\mathbb{R}}$,
то
$$
f(x)-a^\delta f(a x)\in {\mathcal{CM}}\qquad для всех\quad a>1
$$
тогда и только тогда, когда
$$
-\delta f(x)-xf'(x)\in \mathcal{CM}.
$$
Аналогичный результат для функций из $\Phi(E)$ получен
в теореме 9: если $\varepsilon\in{\mathbb{R}}$, а функция
$h\colon [0,+\infty)\to\mathbb{R}$ непрерывна на $[0,+\infty)$,
дифференцируема на интервале $(0,+\infty)$ и $xh'(x)\to 0$
при ${x\to+0}$, то
$$
h(\rho(u))-a^{-\varepsilon}h(a\rho(u))\in\Phi(E)\qquad для всех\quad a>1
$$
тогда и только тогда, когда
$$
\psi_{\varepsilon}(\rho(u))\in\Phi(E),
$$
где $\psi_{\varepsilon}(x):=\varepsilon h(x)- xh'(x)$ при $x>0$ и
$\psi_{\varepsilon}(0):=\varepsilon h(0)$. Здесь $\rho$ -
неотрицательная, однородная функция на $E$ и $\rho(u)\not\equiv 0$.
Доказано (пример 6), что

$e^{-\alpha\|u\|}(1-\beta\|u\|)\in\Phi(\mathbb{R}^m)$ тогда и
только тогда, когда $-\alpha\leqslant\beta\leqslant\alpha/m$;
$e^{-\alpha\|u\|^2}(1-\beta\|u\|^2)\in\Phi({\mathbb{R}}^m)$
тогда и только тогда, когда $0\leqslant\beta\leqslant2\alpha/m$.

Здесь $\|u\|$ - евклидова норма в $\mathbb{R}^m$.
В теореме 11 рассмотрен случай
радиальных положительно определенных функций $h_{\mu,\nu}$.
Библиография: 31 название.
О суммах произведений в $\mathbb F_p\times\mathbb F_p$
Authors: Popova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: July 2019

Рассматривается задача о суммах произведений в $\mathbb F_p\times\mathbb F_p$.
Получена оценка для сумм произведений, улучшающая результат Бургейна
2005 г. Эта оценка затем применяется для задачи об оценке тригонометрических
сумм от многочленов по мультипликативным подгруппам в $\mathbb F_p^*$.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Об одной теореме Кадеца и Пелчинского
Authors: Astashkin Sergei Vladimirovich
Published: July 2019

Найдены необходимые и достаточные условия, при которых симметричное
пространство $X$ на $[0,1]$ типа $2$ имеет следующее свойство,
впервые доказанное для пространств $L_p$, $p>2$, М. И. Кадецом
и А. Пелчинским: если $\{u_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ - безусловная
базисная последовательность в $X$ такая, что
$$
\|u_n\|_X\asymp\|u_n\|_{L_1},\qquad n\in\mathbb N,
$$
то нормы
пространств $X$ и $L_1$ эквивалентны на замкнутой линейной
оболочке $[u_n]$ в $X$. Для последовательностей мартингальных
разностей эта импликация выполнена в любом симметричном
пространстве типа $2$.
Библиография: 21 название.
Эргодические свойства ручных динамических систем
Authors: Romanov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: July 2019

Проблему $*$-слабой разложимости на эргодические компоненты
топологической $\mathbb N_0$-динамической системы
$(\Omega,\varphi)$, где $\varphi$ - непрерывный эндоморфизм
метрического компакта $\Omega$, мы рассматриваем в терминах
ассоциированных обволакивающих полугрупп. В ручном случае
(полугруппа Эллиса $E(\Omega,\varphi)$ состоит из
эндоморфизмов $\Omega$ первого класса Бэра) мы показываем,
что при правильном выборе обобщeнного секвенциального метода
усреднения такое разложение существует. Обсуждается также
связь статистических свойств $(\Omega,\varphi)$ с взаимной
структурой минимальных множеств и эргодических мер.
Библиография: 21 название.
О заплеске для двумерной мелкой воды в линейном приближении
Authors: Anikin Anatolii Yur'evich , Minenkov Dmitrii Sergeevich
Published: July 2019

В работе рассматривается линейная модель цунами
и исследуется влияние параметров источника на заплеск.
Библиография: 27 названий.
Solar System Cartography for High School Education: A Dual Scale Approach
Authors: Wondrak Stephan
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This presentation deals with certain aspects of Solar System Cartography, in relation to the development of a web application for high school education. The Planet Tool is introduced, a web application for the visualisation of physical and orbital characteristics of the planets in our Solar System. A main principle of the Planet Tool is the reduction of the presented data down to the essential information, like it is also done in the process of map editing. The capabilities of client-side web technologies are used for the generation of interactive 2-dimensional vector graphics. A web page shows the orbits and the current positions of the planets in a heliocentric Cartesian coordinate system, projected into the ecliptic plane. The planets and the Sun have an equal size and are visible as small white dots. Hence, only the orbits have a consistent map scale. The uniform map symbols for the planets and the Sun were placed without the consideration of the resultant, different scale number for each celestial body. However, the true size of the planets and the Sun can be shown with two scaling options:The planets and the Sun are shown in the scale of the orbits. A strong zoom to a planet is necessary to make it visible. A detail view can also reveal the natural appearance of the celestial body.The planets and the sun are shown in a second map scale, which is independent of the orbits scale. With an enlargement factor of for instance 1000, all planets become visible and the surface of the Sun reaches almost the orbit of Jupiter. In addition to the introduced dual scale approach, the Planet Tool provides further important features for high school education. Beside the current positions (up-to-date), the planet positions can be shown corresponding to an arbitrary date. An animation of the planets shows the different orbital velocities and motions along the elliptical orbits. The different eccentricities of the orbits become apparent due to a comparison with heliocentric circles. Regarding the focus of this presentation, it can be stated that the application of two independent map scales allows an accurate and realistic cartographic depiction of the planets size in relation to their orbits and the sun. As 2-dimensional cartographic depictions always have known scales for all shown objects, they still have a high value for educational purposes. The interactive modification of specific parameters by the user improves the comprehension of facts which are difficult to grasp, like for instance the true size of the planets in relation to their orbits.
Extraction of knowledge on spatial distribution and spatial relationship from scanned topographic map using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wu Hao , Jia Hongguo
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Topographic maps (TM) contain plenty of geographic information, such as topographic fluctuations, hydrological networks, vegetation, administrative regions, residential areas, transportation routes and facilities and other man-made features. Based on geographic information, the map knowledge extracted from topographic maps has been widely used in many research fields, such as landscape ecology, land and resources management and urbanization.Traditional topographic maps are generally in paper-format. It is difficult to use them for the spatial or multi-temporal analysis. Thus many research work focus on the extraction of geographic information based on scanned topographic maps (STM).Most of the existing studies developed many methods and algorithms to extract the geographical information from scanned topographic maps. However, these proposed methods usually only can extract a certain kind of feature, and parameters used in these methods are needed to set manually. However, for map knowledge, e.g. spatial distribution and spatial relationship among different map features, it is difficult to effectively combine different methods to extract map knowledge. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of extracting geographic knowledge based on deep-learning, which can be object-oriented and efficiently extract geographic knowledge. This method contains three steps: 1) establishing samples for different map features; 2) using the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which is suited to the image recognition (Karpathy A et al. 2014), to classify the scanned topographic map; 3) estimating the proportion of different map features on maps and describing the spatial distribution based on a grid.The method proposed in this study has been evaluated by some scale topographic maps. The results indicate that the extraction precise of this method can reach more than 70% for water and mountain areas and can also describe the spatial distribution for the features with larger map areas.
From walkability to bikeability: A GIS based analysis of integrating bike sharing service in Tokyo TOD system
Authors: Xia Tianqi , Song Xiaoya , Song Xuan , Lu Min , Huang Shuzhe , Shibasaki Ryosuke , Kim Kyoung-Sook
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Transit Oriented Development is the approach of urban development which maximizes the land use of residential, business and leisure around the public transit stops. A good TOD system can not only alleviate the contradiction between traffic congestion and insufficient land use for urban development but also significantly improve the convenience of urban residents' work and life. Moreover, while limiting the disorderly spread of the city, a good TOD system can solve the environmental and traffic problems caused by automobiles and promote synergy and integration between the industries. Traditionally, TOD is designed for facilitating the pedestrians to a convenient access to the public transportation systems so as to increase the usage rate of public transports. Despite pedestrians as the target, there are a lot of passengers move to the station via other means such as bus and bicycle. In the previous research, these two kinds of mobility are not included in the evaluation of TOD system as they have a lot of limitation on interacting with the facilities around railway station. In recent years, sharing bicycle becomes popular for solving the problem of the last one kilometer. Comparing to other means of mobility, sharing bicycle is more flexible than bus and has a higher usage rate than private bicycles. In addition, the sharing bike users have a wider access area than the pedestrians. Thus, sharing bicycle is able to play an important role in TOD system. In Tokyo metropolis, there are over 1000 railway stations and more than 50% of residents commute by railway. Nevertheless, the bike sharing system is available only in some specific area, which indicates a lot of room for the development of bike sharing service. In this research, we follow the previous studies of walkability measurement and apply two indicators include road network connectivity and facility accessibility for illustrating how could bike sharing outperforms walking in a TOD system with the case study of Tokyo 23 wards. The result of this research can instruct the government on improving the current TOD system as well as help build a sustainable society.
A Self-Adaptive Method of Multi-scale POI Visualization in Indoor Map
Authors: Xiao Yi , Ai Tinghua , Jiang Mengying , Weng Chen , Wang Miqi
Published: July 2019

Abstract. As an important representation of LBS (Location Based Service), the indoor map provides users with facility location, indoor navigation, wayfinding and other necessary services. Compared with the common map, the indoor map has characteristics of detailed representation, 3D visualization, and real-time reaction. As far as POI (Point of Interest) representation is concerned, the common urban map just visualizes the location and the basic attribute in a simple way by relatively large scale representation. In the indoor map, however, the POI needs to represent the 3D location (level, longitude, latitude), the access path, and some detailed service information. Take the map of shopping mall as an example, traditionally, some services visualize restaurants that should have been distributed at different layers in a crowding way, with icons touching and overlapping with each other. Therefore, the LOD (level of detail) strategy needs to be applied to obtain adaptive representation for users with different objectives.To satisfy the requirements of the new indoor map about POI visualization, this study explores the multi-scale method in 3D indoor mapping. We develop an indoor map which is integrated into an outdoor base map and all the floors of the whole building are stacked vertically. In this way, the problem of icon clustering could be overcome to an extent, POI data are visualized vertically in indoor space, each floor can be taken out like opening a drawer in order to make sure that all the POIs can be seen clearly. We adopt a scale adaptive strategy to visualize POI data in the indoor map. At large scale, the general floor distribution indicating the main function of each floor and functional partition of each floor is represented by different colors. At medium scale, POI data are visualized by simple symbols which can represent basic attribute information. At small scale, detailed service information (e.g., opening hours, number of seats remaining, price range and user ratings of a restaurant) of a POI that users are particularly interested in is described by well-designed map symbols based on the combination of visual variables. In addition, our POI visualization method is user-adaptive. Different data, symbols or color schemes will be shown for users with different age group, gender or purpose of using map. Because this indoor map is adaptive to both scale and user, each scale of the map can provide different map users with decision support from a different perspective.
Run length coding and efficient compression of hexagonal raster data based on Gosper curve
Authors: Xin Rui , Ai Tinghua
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Compared with regular quadrilateral grid, regular hexagonal grid is isotropy and has higher cell compactness and sampling density. This gives regular hexagonal grid advantages in visual display, spatial analysis, and many other aspects. However, the studies of raster data mainly focus on regular quadrilateral grid, and various encoding methods are also focused on it. The researches on hexagonal raster data are relatively insufficient.In this paper, encoding and compression for regular hexagonal grid are studied. By introducing Gosper curve which has good spatial aggregation and takes into account the morphological structure of regular hexagonal grid, the bidirectional correlation between Gosper curve and regular hexagonal grid is established. Then, a new encoding framework is built to determine the Gosper coding of each grid unit. The lossless compression is completed by performing run-length coding on adjacent coding sets in the target region.
Spatio-Temporal Mapping of Water Consumption at Public Institutions: Case of the United Arab Emirates University
Authors: Yagoub M. M. , AlSumaiti Tareefa , Ebrahim Latifa , Ahmed Yaqein , Abdulla Rauda
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) faces water scarcity. Yet, the UAE is one of the highest countries in the per capita water consumption. The United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) is one of the biggest public institutions in the country. On average, the water costs the university annually around two million dirhams. In this study, indoor water consumption at the UAEU is assessed for the period 2016–2017. Geographic Information System (GIS) is utilized to answer where water is highly consumed within the university (hot spots), when (time), who consume it, why (causes), and how to minimize consumption. It assembles diverse data reside at various departments to gain a better knowledge about the broad patterns of water consumption in the university. The assumption made here is that water consumption is directly proportional to population density and less during winter. The highest water consumption is found at the College of Information Technology (CIT) and this is due to its size and heterogeneity of its activities. The relationship between water consumption and number of students is modeled using least square. The results indicated low correlation between water consumption and number of students. This may be due to the centralized usage of buildings and movement of students between buildings. Temporal variation showed sharp decrease during July of 2016 and 2017 irrespective of the building type/size and this is associated with summer holidays. The hypothesis of activity-driven consumption showed that the highest water consumption is found at residential buildings due to the longer stay time at hostels. The library showed consistent low water consumption. It is interesting to deduce the library usage while investigating water consumption, but it is a lesson that water consumption could be used as a proxy to reveal number of users at buildings. The water consumption at UAEU is benchmarked with other institutes in UAE and abroad. The result from this study identified sites with the highest water consumption and this could be used to adapt water conservation techniques at these sites. A survey was conducted to understand the students’ water consumption behavior, know their willingness to use water conservation methods, and measure their awareness level related to water issues in UAE. The results revealed that half of the respondents are not aware of the water issues. Majority of respondents prefer to drink bottled water than tap water. Majority of respondents are not willing to use grey water or urinals as ways to conserve water due to the lack of knowledge and some physiological reasons. Yet, they are willing to take course designed to teach them how to conserve water and to participate in competitions that reward them for having lower water consumption at hostels.
Practice of a GIS education program for junior and senior high school students
Authors: Yamauchi Hiroyuki , Oguchi Takashi , Haneda Yasutaka
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We conducted a GIS (Geographic Information Science) education program for junior and senior high school students in August 2018. This program was designed so that students can learn basic knowledge of GIS and methods of mapping within a day. In this program, we firstly lectured the history of maps and various utilizations using GIS. After the lecture, students exercised mapping and spatial analysis by operating QGIS and free open data. The exercise included spatial analysis using DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) such as terrain visualization based on elevation values, slope calculation, and contour line creation.At the end of the exercise, we conducted a questionnaire survey to understand how the students evaluated the difficulty, understanding and satisfactory levels of the lecture and the exercise, as well as their PC operating skills. They answered each item by selecting one from five levels.The answers of the students show that most of them enjoyed both the lecture and the exercise. They tended to feel some difficulties with the materials, but their understanding and satisfactory levels were relatively high. Almost all students who found high difficulty in the program had low PC operating skills, indicating that the lack of the skills led to limited understanding of technical terms such as the desktop and folders.
Geographical Scene Reconstruction and Application of Ancient Site with Fused Multi-source Data
Authors: Yang Lin , Shen Jiangwei , Zheng Fangzihao
Published: July 2019

Abstract. As important places and cultural relics retained by the ancients in production and activities, ancient sites have internal geographical feature and differentiation laws under the interaction of long-term human-environment relationship. Thereof, aiming to the current relative research shortage of geographical background and space-time frame, the research goal of multi-level geographical parsing for archaeological site was proposed in this paper. By summarizing the characteristics of multi-source spatio-temporal data, we studied on the data fusion method and building the whole archaeological site considering total scene factors and knowledge rules, as well as the related application research. The Lingjiatan Site was adopted as the study area in this paper, and we reconstructed its 3D geographical scene with the surveying and excavation data in the past 30 years. Furthermore, we attempted to study the spatial morphology, patterns and arrangement on different levels and scales about the site.Methodology: the data fusion method proposed in this paper was as Figure1. The multi-source data included UAV images, LiDAR data, archaeological drilling and excavation data, basic geographical data and so on. On basis of the completed spatio-temporal elements information, aiming at the characteristic of these data, we put forward the methods of data pre-processing and data fusion, which involved registration, space interpolation, raster calculation, Boolean operation, 3D modelling and so on. The key research focused on the seamless integration and uniform data maintenance of these multi dimensions and multi-time data. Ultimately, we constructed the holographic geographical scene of the historical site, which provided a spatio-time platform for the subsequent geographical analysis and primary application.Analysis and primary application: the geographical scene of Lingjiatan Site was as figure 2. Combining with the archaeological data, we could carry out some primary spatio-temporal analysis: (1) the distribution of the functional areas (three kinds of relics: sacrificial area, living areas and trenches) and the relationship with the natural environment; (2) the spatio-temporal relationship among the functional areas; (3) by simulating the optimal paths of several typical relics (the details were as following figure 3 showed ), reasoning for the ancients’ behaviour patterns, and providing the forecasting and verification for field archaeology.
Remote Sensing and Geospatial Analytics for Sustainable Development Assessment in Urban Areas
Authors: Yang Xiaojun , Shi Di , Lai Feilin , Jiang Shijun , Sun Ranhao
Published: July 2019

Abstract. With the concern over the rising global population, the diminishing natural resources, and the continued environmental degradation, the demand for sustainable development has become increasingly high. There is an urgent need to conduct research that can help assess the progress towards various sustainable development goals, such as the one formulated by the United Nations in 2015, which is arguably the most comprehensive scheme. In this paper, we review a set of techniques and methods that can be used for sustainable development assessment, including place-focused studies, observations and monitoring, analytic methods, and models. While scholars from various disciplines contribute to the sustainability research using different methods, we herewith highlight the role of the spatially explicit approach that has its root in the field of geography but has been increasingly adopted in sustainability science. We finally present a case study targeting all the major cities in China, which is based on the use of satellite remote sensing and geospatial analytical methods to derive indicators for assessing sustainable development goals targeting the terrestrial and environmental sustainable development process. We conclude that synthesizing remote-sensing derived measurements with data from other sources such as in situ surveys and social censuses and combining quantitative analyses with other approaches can help better assess and monitor the progress towards achieving sustainable development goals.
Spatial Patterns of Urban Expansion in Chinese Cities
Authors: Yao Jing , Wang Ya Ping , Zhang Xiaoxiang
Published: July 2019

Abstract. China has experienced high rate urbanization in recent years, with urban population increased from 460 to 750 million and the built-up area of metropolis expanded by almost 60% since 2000. Urban landscape has been dramatically changed by intensified inner-city development and urban sprawl. In recent years, the changes in urban form has transformed from expansion to restructuring. A good understanding of urban expansion and spatial restructuring as a consequence of urbanization has important policy implications, enhancing the knowledge of spatial variations in urban growth in transitional Chinese cities and assisting with sustainable urban and regional planning.Using the Landsat satellite images from 1995 to 2015, this research explores urban expansion and its spatial patterns in second-tier Chinese cities, taking Tianjin, Hangzhou and Chengdu as examples, which are the leaders in the urbanization in Northern, Eastern and Western China, respectively. The study area includes the city proper in the three case study cities. Figure 1 shows the expansion of urban area in the three cities over the study time period. By visual inspection, it can be observed that the spatial pattern of urban land use growth varies across the three cities. For example, Tianjin has been largely expanding towards the east, particularly the Tianjin Binhai New Area, which has been rapidly developed into a new city core. The city of Chengdu seems having been expanding toward all directions of the surrounding area, integrated with the adjacent towns into a larger urban agglomeration. Further work will focus on quantitative analysis of the spatial patterns of urban expansion using geographical information system (GIS)-based spatial analytics, as well as the association between urban expansion and socioeconomic changes, with a reflection on the role of national/local policies.