bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AP-based CW Synchronization Scheme in IEEE 802.11 WLANs
Authors: Lee Jin-Lee , Kyung Yeunwoong
Published: July 2021

In this paper, an optimal CW (Contention Window) synchronization scheme is proposed in IEEE 802.11 WLANs. IEEE 802.11 WLANs operates with DCF (Distributed Coordination Function) mode for the MAC (Medium Access Control). In DCF, CW becomes the minimum CW according to the success of data transmissions and increases exponentially due to the collisions. In this situation, the smaller value of the minimum CW can increase the collision probability because stations have higher opportunity to access the medium. On the other hand, the higher value of the minimum CW will delay the transmission, which can result in the network performance degradation. In IEEE 802.11, since the base minimum CW value is a fixed value depending on the hardware or standard, it is difficult to provide the optimal network performance that can be determined by the flexible CW value according to the number of active stations. In addition, the synchronization of optimal CW is required among mobile stations to adapt the network parameters. Especially for the newly joined stations such as moving or turning on stations, they need to adapt the minimum CW value to get the optimal network performance. The shorter the adaptation time is, the better the network performance can maintain. Therefore, in this paper, AP (Access Point) calculates the optimal CW and shares it with mobile stations using beacon and probe response messages for the fast CW synchronization. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the previous schemes in terms of the network throughput and adaptation time. Â
Politics of Gratitude: A Note on Cic.Phil.7.23
Authors: Santangelo Federico
Published: July 2021

This note discusses Cicero’s reference to the contribution of Firmum and the Marrucini to the early stages of the mobilisation against Mark Antony in 43 BCE, and sets them in the context of Cicero’s previous connections with those communities.
Luigi Enrico Rossi, Kηληθμῷ δ᾽ ἔσχοντο. Scritti editi e inediti
Authors: Franco Carlo
Published: July 2021

Rossi, L.E. (2020). Kηληθμῷ δ᾽ ἔσχοντο. Scritti editi e inediti. A cura di G. Colesanti e R. Nicolai. 3 voll. (1: Metrica e
musica, pp. XI-583; 2: Letteratura, pp. XII-859; 3: Critica
letteraria e storia degli studi, pp. XIII-700), Berlin: De Gruyter.
O que é isto?
Authors: Batista Carolina Cordeiro , Graciolli Carolina Yumi Lemos Ferreira
Published: July 2021

Neste texto, discutimos aspectos da constituição da Geometria Euclidiana como um campo da ciência, tendo como objetivo compreender se as geometrias que se constituem a partir desse campo do conhecimento podem ser consideradas novas. Na busca por tais compreensões, elegemos dois “tipos” de Geometria: a Geometria Dinâmica e a Geometria do Origami e adentramos em um movimento de reflexão de cunho histórico e filosófico, por meio do qual lançamos questionamentos que nos levam a uma compreensão. Olhamos para a Geometria Dinâmica na perspectiva filosófica da fenomenologia, para a qual a dinamicidade pode ser compreendida a partir da ideia de movimento do sujeito e da concepção de intencionalidade. Relativamente à Geometria do Origami, nossa compreensão se deu a partir dos seis axiomas de Huzita e da potencialidade deles para a resolução de situações que não podem ser solucionadas somente por meio da Geometria Euclidiana. À medida que avança, a discussão nos leva à origem da Geometria, isto é, ao modo pelo qual ela se constituiu como um campo científico, bem como à maneira pela qual a Geometria Euclidiana, organizada por meio de um sistema axiomático, favoreceu uma abertura para que outras formas de pensar esse campo da ciência se tornassem possíveis. A partir de nossa análise e discussão, foi possível destacar o modo dessas geometrias de se mostrarem como uma possibilidade para avançar em relação aos conhecimentos da Geometria Euclidiana, quais sejam, a Geometria Dinâmica, tornando explícita a relação de movimento com objetos geométricos, e a Geometria do Origami, constituindo-se por meio de um sistema axiomático.
Máximos e mínimos de funções
Authors: Rachelli Janice , Martins Paulo Damião Christo
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos um estudo histórico sobre máximos e mínimos de funções, um dos tópicos importantes no estudo do cálculo diferencial. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de cunho teórico, em que foram analisados, inicialmente, os métodos utilizados por Pierre de Fermat e Marquês de l’Hôpital para a determinação de máximos e mínimos. Após, apresentamos os seguintes problemas históricos: os barris de Kepler, o princípio de Fermat e a lei de Snell, um problema de Heron, o problema de Descartes e a curva de Agnesi. Neste trabalho, tais problemas foram resolvidos com o auxílio de teoremas que são abordados atualmente no cálculo diferencial. Destacamos a importância de tratar alguns destes problemas no ensino de Cálculo, com vistas a entender como o conhecimento matemático foi se desenvolvendo ao longo dos tempos e possibilitar aos estudantes motivação e aprendizado.
THE USE OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCES ON STUDENTS’ WRITING RECOUNT TEXT
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Learning writing skills used the eleventh-grade students of SMK Tunas Harapan, Jelambar, Petamburan. In conducting this research, it is qualitative research using a survey method. Data were collected by population and sample observation, interview, a document study, data of the students. The research of evaluation of the active and passive sentences, the result of the students’ error are: the total error in using active sentences are 171 errors that consist of 34 errors or 19,88% error of misinformation, 92 errors or 53,88% error of omission, 43 errors or 25,14% error of addition, two errors or 1,66% error of misordering. The result of the students’ error are: the total error in using Passive sentences are 17 errors that consist of 5 errors or 29, 41% error of misinformation, six errors or 35,29% error of omission, six errors or 35,29% error of addition, 0 errors or 0% error of misordering, the process of teaching and learning Writing using Recount Text of the Active and Passive Sentences are effective and able to implement as an alternative way in teaching and learning process

Keywords: active and passive sentences, students’ writing, recount text.
THE EFFECTS OF STUDENT’S SELF CONFIDENCE AND VOCABULARY MASTERY TOWARDS SPEAKING SKILL.
Authors: Setiawan Teddy , Sulhan Muhammad
Published: July 2021

The objectives of this research is to know the Effects of Self-confidence and Vocabulary Mastery towards Students’ Speaking Skill – Survey at State Vocational High Schools, Tangerang City, Banten. The research populations were 600 students and the samples were 60 students taken from eleventh grade SMKN 7 and SMKN 9 vocational high schools at second semester of 2019/2020 academic year in Tangerang city. The instruments of the research were composed of 25 items of vocabulary test questions and 40 items questionnaire of students’ self-confidence. This research was designed and calculated using quantitative calculation. The major findings of the research indicates that the effects of self-confidence and vocabulary mastery towards the students’ speaking skill of eleventh grade Tangerang City Vocational High School is of high level category. The results of the research are as follow:1)There are any significant effects of self-confidence and vocabulary mastery jointly towards students’ speaking skill at the State Vocational High Schools in Tangerang City, Banten. It is proved by the value of Sig is 0.000<0.05 and the value of Ftest is 45.105. 2) There is a significant effect of self-confidence towards students’ speaking skill. It is proved by the value of Sig 0.042<0.05 and ttest of 2.075. 3) There is no significant effect of vocabulary mastery towards students’ speaking skill at the State Vocational High Schools in Tangerang City, Banten. It is proved by the value of Sig is 0.138>0.05 and ttest 1.502. Based on the research findings it can be recommended that speaking skill requires high level of self-confidence and adequate vocabulary mastery. Speaking skill is not only influenced by vast amount of vocabulary mastery but other influential factors at the state vocational high schools in Tangerang city such as high level of self-confidence.

Keywords: Self-confident, Speaking Skill and Vocabulary Mastery.

 
Farklı Kaynaklardan Temin Edilen Zencefil (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Rizom Örneklerinin Farmakopeye Uygunluğunun Araştırılması
Authors: SUCU Melike , GÜRBÜZ İlhan
Published: July 2021

Giriş: Zencefil (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de çeşitli rahatsızlıklarda sıklıkla kullanılan bir bitkidir. İnsanların ülkemizde tıbbi amaçla kullanılabileceği farmasötik kalitede zencefile ulaşması pek mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle tıbbi amaçla kullanılacak zencefil rizomları aktar, market, internet sitesi gibi satış kanallarından temin edilmektedir. Buralarda satışa sunulan zencefilin farmasötik kaliteyi karşılaması beklenmemektedir. Ancak başka kaynak olmaması nedeniyle, piyasada satılan örneklerin farmakope ölçütleri açısından incelenmesiyle elde edilecek sonuçlar önem kazanmıştır. Bu nedenle farklı satış kanallarından belirli sayıda zencefil rizom örneği temin edilerek farmakope ölçütleri açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Toplam 10 farklı kaynaktan (internet siteleri, Ankara ve İstanbul’daki bazı aktarlar) temin edilen zencefil rizomları Avrupa Farmakopesi (8.0) içinde yer alan zencefil monografına göre morfolojik tayin, mikroskobik tayin, ince tabaka kromatografisi, su miktar tayini, toplam kül miktar tayini ve uçucu yağ miktar tayini deneyleri yapılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Avrupa Farmakopesi’nde yer alan (8.0) zencefil monografına göre yapılan testlerde 10 örneğin altısının uçucu yağ içeriği belirtilen miktarın altında bulunmuştur. Diğer sonuçların tümü monografta belirtilen gereksinimlere uymuştur.Sonuç: Piyasadan elde edilen 10 örnekten yalnızca dördü Avrupa Farmakopesi (8.0) gerekliliklerini karşılamıştır. Diğer örnekler, farmakopedeki spesifikasyonlara uymadığı için tıbbi kullanıma uygun bulunmamıştır. Sınırlı sayıda örnek üzerinde yapılan bu çalışma, piyasadaki zencefil rizomlarının genel profili hakkında net bir sonuç vermese de daha detaylı çalışmalar için bir gösterge olarak kabul edilebilir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, ülkemizde terapötik amaçlara uygun farmasötik kalitede zencefil rizomlarına ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.
COMO FUNCIONA NUESTRA MENTE
Authors: Morinigo Carlino Iván , Fenner Ismael
Published: July 2021

La Neurociencia no se interesa por el contenido de la conciencia, sino por los procesos cognitivos. Su objetivo fundamental es identificar esos procesos y determinar las relaciones que mantienen entre sí y con las conductas que pueden observarse En la mente humana, la información recogida por el sistema sensorial, fluye a través de un sistema cognitivo cuyos componentes básicos son la atención, la percepción y la memoria. De acuerdo a esta analogía se concibe al ser humano como un procesador activo de información. Primero, recibimos diferentes estímulos externos, que se transforman en nuestro interior en mensajes nerviosos que alcanzan el cerebro; después, organizamos e interpretamos estos mensajes de manera significativa, y, finalmente, los guardamos en nuestra memoria, y desde ella influyen de nuevo en todo el proceso.
Sowing terms as a way to increase yield of soybean varieties with different vegetation period
Authors: Moldovan V.H. , Moldovan Zh.A. , Sobchuk S.I.
Published: July 2021

Purpose. To study of the influence of sowing terms on plant growth and development, formation of indicators of individual productivity and seed yield by soybean varieties with different vegetation period in conditions of the western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field experiment, calculation and weight, mathematical statistics. Results. Weather conditions in the years of the research were characterized by high average daily temperatures against the background of uneven distribution of precipitation by phases of soybean development, which together with the studied factor had a significant impact on the growth and development of soybean plants and seed yield formation. It was found that the studied soybean varieties with different growing seasons react differently to growing conditions. The timing of sowing significantly affects the height of attachment of the lower bean, the number of beans per plant and seeds in the bean, the weight of 1000 seeds and the weight of seeds per 1 plant. However, they have almost no effect on the number of seeds in the bean. It was investigated that the soybean variety Diadema Podillya forms the highest yields at the optimal and late sowing dates, while the soybean of the KiVin, Knyazhna, Khutoryanochka and Triada varieties – at the late sowing period (second decade of May). The increase in seed yield compared to sowing in the optimal time (first decade of May) was 6.6%, 3.1%, 13.8% and 9.6%, respectively. Conclusions. Sowing terms in interaction with the weather conditions of the growing season, have a significant impact on the formation of indicators of individual productivity and seed yield of soybean varieties with different growing seasons. That is why in the conditions of climate change, uneven moisture supply during the growing season and the emergence of new varieties it is advisable to continue research to study the impact of sowing dates, in interaction with other factors, on the formation of individual productivity and yield of soybean seeds.
Dynamics of microbiological processes in conservation of leguminous grasses with the use of bacterial preparations of complex action
Authors: Zhukov V.P. , Obertyukh Yu.V. , Vyhovska I.A. , Bozhok L.V.
Published: July 2021

Purpose. To determine the course of accumulation of fermentation metabolites when preparing silage from the wilted mass of legumes with the introduction of bacterial preparations based on lactic acid microorganisms and to substantiate modern technological schemes of wilting grasses by machine-tractor units equipped with devices for green mass conditioning. Methods. Field experiment with elements of chronometry of technological processes and laboratory chemical analysis of feed quality. Results. Dynamics of accumulation of the main strains of the desired micro-flora during inoculation of leguminous mass with osmotolerant microorganisms was determined. On the basis of which the technological operations of preparing haylage and silage from wilted mass of alfalfa, sainfoin and deer vetch with the study of microbial composition of feed have been improved. Studies have determined the effectiveness of ensiling and nutritional value of feed from the dried mass of legumes. Conclusions. Intensification of sugar fermentation processes under the action of polybacterial preservatives of complex action occurs during the first 12-15 days of haylage and during 20-30 days of ensiling. Legumes (alfalfa, sainfoin, deer vetch) due to the increased buffer capacity prolong CO2 emissions for 24-30 days, which increased the risk of biochemical protein loss due to the formation of NH3. The decrease in osmotic pressure in the plant cell during deep flowering of grasses was accompanied by a decrease in the colony-forming ability of bacteria when treated with biological preservatives, in particular rod-shaped forms of Lactobaccillus brevis and Lactobaccillus plantarum.
Analisis Penerapan Sistem Bagi Hasil pada Pembiayaan Mudharabah di PT Bank Negara Indonesia Syariah cabang Makassar
Authors: A Fahira Al'ainaa
Published: July 2021

catatan terkait sistem bagi hasil pada pembiaayan mudharabah
ANALISIS DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA CABANG TORAJA UTARA
Authors: Lili
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan karyawan Bank rakyat Indonesia di Toraja utara yang dimediasi oleh kesiapan untuk berubah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama masa pandemic Covid-19 dengan teknik simple random sampling dan hasil kuesioner yang kembali dan valid adalah 214 sampel.Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, tetapi kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan untuk berubah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan juga bahwa kesiapan untuk berubah memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan kinerja karyawan. Kesiapan untuk berubah sebagai mediator sepenuhnya. Penelitian baru ini mengusulkan model untuk membangun kinerja karyawan di antara karyawan industri ritail di Jawa Barat melalui peningkatan praktik kepemimpinan transformasional dengan kesiapan untuk berubah sebagai mediator. Penelitian ini dapat membuka jalan untuk meningkatkan kesiapan karyawan dalam menghadapi era revolusi industri 4.0.
Economy in Islam
Authors: Asnitapratiwisyahrir_
Published: July 2021

Asnita Pratiwi Syahrir, 2021. Perekonomian Dalam Islam. Dibimbing oleh bapak Kamaruddin, SE.,M.E.Artikel ini saya tulis bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis kegiatan ekonomi yang ada dalam islam. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap kegiatan ekonomi dalam islam memiliki aturan yang berbeda-beda, tetapi memiliki satu aturan yang diharamkan oleh Allah Swt. dan Rasulullah Saw. yaitu riba.
A.MUFASSIRATUL M-ARTIKEL.docx
Authors: Muasirah A.Mufassiratul
Published: July 2021

#hmi #ekonomi #syariah
MASA DEPAN PASAR MODAL SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Khairunnisa Nur
Published: July 2021

Meningkatkan Perekonomian dengan membangun hubungan investasi yang baik
PENGARUH TOTAL ASSET TURNOVER DAN NET PROFIT MARGIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PT. INDOFOOD SUKSES MAKMUR, Tbk TAHUN 2017-2019
Authors: SUDIRMAN FIRDA SULISTYA
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini dimana untuk mengetahui apakah Total Asset Turnover dan Net Profit Margin berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba dari perusahaan PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. Variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari Totoal Asset Turnover dan Net Profit Margin, sedangkan variabel dependennya yang digunakan yaitu pertumbuhan laba. Dimana pertumbuhan laba merupakan suatu indikasi bahwa terjadinya suatu perubahan kondisi ekonomi dalam suatu perusahaan, yaitu perubahan ke arah yang lebih baik apa bila perusahaan tersebut mendapatkan laba dan akan menjadi negatif apabila terjadi suatu perusahaan rugi, karena tujuan utama perusahaan adalah menghasilkan laba yang maksimal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk periode 2017-2019. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Sampel jenuh adalah teknik penentuan sampel bila semua anggota populasi digunakan sebagai sampel.
The COVID States Project #55: Social Isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Quintana Alexi , Lazer David , Perlis Roy H. , Ognyanova Katherine , Baum Matthew , Chwe Hanyu , Green Jon , Druckman James , Lin Jennifer , Santillana Mauricio , Simonson Matthew D , Uslu Ata
Published: July 2021

Overall, the levels of social isolation have increased since the first waves of the pandemic, in spring, 2020, but have been showing signs of improvement since January 2021. After its initial increase, the percentage of socially isolated respondents declined most among those with high income and education. We also observed a relatively faster drop in isolation among religious and older Americans. Conversely, unemployed and low SES respondents have barely recovered from the increases in social isolation suffered earlier in the pandemic. In addition, different types of support are not equally available across demographics. Men are substantially more isolated than women with respect to emotional support (but about equal in terms of economic); and white respondents are more socially isolated with respect to economic support; but less isolated emotionally relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Finally, we find a strong association between social isolation (specifically, in terms of relationships available for emotional support) and moderate to severe depressive symptoms.
KONSEP HARTA DAN KEPEMILIKAN DALAM PRESPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: T Ahmad Junaedi
Published: July 2021

Islam memandang harta pada hakikatnya adalah hak milik Allah. Akan tetapi Allah telah menyerahkan pengelolaan atasharta tersebut kepada manusia sebagai khalifah di muka bumi, maka perolehan seseorang terhadap harta itu sama dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang untuk memanfaatkan serta mengembangkan harta. Sebab, ketika seseorang memiliki harta, maka esensinya dia memiliki harta tersebut hanya untuk dimanfaatkan dan terikat dengan hukum-hukum syara’, bukan bebas mengelola secara mutlak. Oleh sebab itu perlu adanya aturan-aturan yang mengatur kebutuhan manusia agar tidak melanggar dan menguasai hak orang lain, khususnya terkait dengan harta dan kepemilikan dalam Islam.
Parenting During COVID-19: A Sentiment and Topic Modeling Analysis of Reddit Data
Authors: O'Brien Elle , Ward Kaitlin P.
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant disruption in the lives of individuals across the globe. Especially during the early parts of the pandemic, parents took on increased caregiving responsibilities with little to no guidance from health organizations. Much of the research that has examined parenting during COVID-19 has stemmed from survey data. However, self-presentation biases may prevent survey researchers from obtaining authentic and accurate experiences from parents. Therefore, this study examined parents’ sentiment and emotional wellbeing during COVID-19 using Reddit data—specifically, posts from the Mommit and Daddit subreddits. Posts were scraped from December 2010 to December 2021. Sentiment analysis results suggest that Mommit posts express markedly more negative sentiment. However, since the onset of the pandemic in the United States, the average sentiment for both subreddits declined steadily at similar rates. Unsupervised topic modeling paired with qualitative analysis indicated that, in Mommit, sentiment changes may have been driven by increased expression of emotional distress around the role of motherhood, exhaustion with caregiving duties, and strained familial relationships. In Daddit, analyses suggested increased involvement in daily caregiving activities, concerns about bonding with children, and expressions of feelings relating to anxiety and depression. Notably, both subreddits show signs that parental stresses have continued to worsen since the onset of the pandemic. Future research should continue to monitor the emotional wellbeing of parents as the COVID-19 pandemic continues.
Intuitive assessment of spatial navigation beyond episodic memory: Feasibility and proof of concept in middle-aged and elderly individuals
Authors: Rekers Sophia , Niedeggen Michael
Published: July 2021

Deficits in spatial navigation in three-dimensional space are prevalent in various neurological disorders and are a sensitive cognitive marker for prodromal Alzheimer’s disease, but are also associated with non-pathological aging. However, standard neuropsychological tests used in clinical settings lack ecological validity to adequately assess spatial navigation. Experimental paradigms, on the other hand, are often too difficult for seniors or patients with cognitive or motor impairments since most require operating a human interface device (HID) or use complex episodic memory tasks. Here, we introduce an intuitive navigation assessment, which is conceptualized using cognitive models of spatial navigation and designed to account for the limited technical experience and diverging impairments of elderly participants and neurological patients. The brief computer paradigm uses videos of hallways filmed with eye tracking glasses, without employing an episodic memory task or requiring participants to operate a HID. Proof of concept data from 34 healthy, middle-aged and elderly participants (56 - 78 years) provide evidence for the assessment’s feasibility and construct validity as a navigation paradigm. Test performance showed normal distribution and was sensitive to age and education, which needs to be considered when investigating the assessment’s psychometric properties in larger samples and clinical populations. Correlations of the navigation assessment with other neuropsychological tests confirmed its dependence on visuospatial skills rather than visual episodic memory, with age driving the association with working memory. The novel paradigm is suitable for a differentiated investigation of spatial navigation in elderly individuals and promising for experimental research in clinical settings.
Mentioning the Sample's Country in the Article’s Title Leads to Bias in Research Evaluation
Authors: Kahalon Rotem , Klein Verena , Ksenofontov Inna , Ullrich Johannes , Wright Stephen C
Published: July 2021

Psychology research from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries, especially from the United States, receives more scientific attention than research from non-WEIRD countries. We investigate one structural way that this inequality might be enacted: mentioning the sample's country in the article title. Analyzing the current publication practice of four leading social psychology journals (Study 1) and conducting two experiments with U.S. American and German students (Study 2), we show that the country is more often mentioned in articles with samples from non-WEIRD countries than those with samples from WEIRD countries (especially the United States) and that this practice is associated with less scientific attention. We propose that this phenomenon represents a (perhaps unintentional) form of structural discrimination, which can lead to underrepresentation and reduced impact of social psychological research done with non-WEIRD samples. We outline possible changes in the publication process that could challenge this phenomenon.
Musicality in human vocal communication: An evolutionary perspective
Authors: Leongómez Juan David , Havlicek Jan , Roberts S. Craig
Published: July 2021

Studies show that specific vocal modulations, akin to those of infant-directed speech and perhaps music, play a role in communicating intentions and mental states during human social interaction. Based on this, we propose a model for the evolution of musicality –the capacity to process musical information– in relation to human vocal communication. We suggest that a complex social environment, with strong social bonds, promoted the appearance of musicality-related abilities. These social bonds were not limited to those between offspring and mothers or other carers, although these may have been especially influential in view of altriciality of human infants. The model can be further tested in other species by comparing levels of sociality and complexity of vocal communication. By integrating several theories, our model presents a radically different view of musicality, not limited to specifically musical scenarios, but one in which this capacity originally evolved to aid parent-infant communication and bonding, and even today plays a role, not only in music but also in infant-directed speech (IDS), as well as some adult-directed speech (ADS) contexts.
The development of foraging organization
Authors: Ólafsdóttir Inga María , Gestsdóttir Steinunn , Kristjansson Arni
Published: July 2021

In foraging tasks multiple targets must be found within a single display. The targets can be of one or more types, typically surrounded by numerous distractors. Visual attention has traditionally been studied with single target search tasks but adding more targets to the search display results in several additional measures of interest, such as how attention is oriented to different features and locations over time. We measured foraging among five age groups: Children in grades 1, 4, 7, and 10, as well as adults, using both simple feature foraging tasks and more challenging conjunction foraging tasks, with two target types per task. We assessed participants’ foraging organization, or systematicity when selecting all the targets within the foraging display, on four measures: Intertarget distance, number of intersections, best-r, and the percentage above optimal path length (PAO). We found that foraging organization increases with age, in both simple feature-based foraging and more complex foraging for targets defined by feature conjunctions, and that feature foraging was more organized than conjunction foraging. Separate analyses for different target types indicated that children’s, and to some extent adults’, conjunction foraging consisted of two relatively organized foraging paths through the display where one target type is exhaustively selected before the other target type is selected. Lastly, we found that the development of foraging organization is closely related to the development of other foraging measures. Our results suggest that measuring foraging organization is a promising avenue for further research into the development of visual orienting.
Feelings of Social Isolation in Canada's Pandemic Times: Exploring Its Correlates Using Multiple Correspondence Analysis
Authors: Mata Fernando
Published: July 2021

Identifying the linkages between the feelings of social isolation and its socio-demographic, residential, and psychosocial correlates is of major importance to the healthcare system today. Using data from the Canadian Survey Perspective Survey Series 6 (CPSS6) conducted by Statistics Canada, the purpose of this study is to explore these linkages during the second year of the pandemic in Canada. Five levels of social isolation were examined in conjunction with 17 other socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics of 3,941 respondents to the survey. The study suggests that about three out of four Canadians (75%) have experienced some feeling of social isolation at some point during the pandemic. The most severe form comprised 11% of the total population. In the context of a generalized cross-tabular data analysis, Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) detected two major dimensions underlying the data: mental health distress and time duration. These dimensions represented approximately 61% of the inertia or unexplained variation in the data. An examination of the combinations of variable categories revealed that the highest perceived isolation levels were found among young individuals, females, individuals who were single, those who received medical help during the pandemic, and those living in low-rise apartments in urban areas. The lowest levels of perceived social isolation were found among older individuals, rural residents, those who were married and/or reported excellent mental health. Not all individuals who experienced higher levels of mental distress, however, felt social isolation. The findings of the study could be useful when designing public health campaigns aimed at reducing social isolation by providing helpful alternatives to affected populations.
Upscaling the resilience assessment through comparative analysis
Authors: Rocha Juan , Lanyon Carla , Peterson Garry
Published: July 2021

Resilience is the capacity of any system to maintain its function, structure and identity despite disturbances. Assessing resilience has been elusive due to high levels of abstraction that are difficult to empirically test, or the lack of high quality data required once appropriate proxies are identified. Most resilience assessments are limited to specific situation arenas, making comparision one of the unresolved challenges. Here we show how leveraging comparative analysis can provide insights on how Arctic communities (N = 40) can best deal with social and environmental change. We found that the capacity to self-organize, and nurturing diversity are sufficient conditions for Arctic communities whose livelihoods have been resilient, or for communities whose livelihoods have been transformed. Our study provides an alternative perspective on how to assess resilience by leveraging comparsion across cases. It also identify governance patways to support adaptations and transformations in the Arctic, a geography with some of the most dramatic social and natural challenges to come.
Pandemic of Inequality: An Analysis of Socioeconomic Factors Predicting Economic Instability During the 2020-21 COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Pandemic in the United Kingdom.
Authors: Hodgkin Joshua
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected individuals and families across the world from March 2020 to the present. From a UK perspective, reviewed literature confirms that there is a deep divide in the factors causing a person’s employment to be affected by the pandemic, with educational attainment, household income and age all having a role. Food insecurity has been increasing rapidly in recent years in the UK, and the literature confirms exacerbated levels of food insecurity coming as a result of the pandemic. The present study seeks to understand the variables influencing two research questions, firstly which factors will affect the likelihood of being ‘furloughed’ (under the government’s Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme) or otherwise being required to reduce one’s working hours, and secondly the factors that may cause someone to experience food insecurity in the pandemic. Key findings are that having young children, being self-employed and having a higher household income are all factors that may make it more likely that one will lose hours in their job or be furloughed. Conversely, being a keyworker and having higher educational qualifications are shown to reduce the likelihood of reducing job hours. Food insecurity is made more likely by being from an ethnic minority background, having young children and being a lower earner.
Out on YouTube: Queer Youths and Coming Out Videos in Asia and America
Authors: Wei John
Published: July 2021

Coming out videos have become an increasingly popular genre on social media among queer youths and YouTube celebrities, and a few most popular ones have generated tens of millions of views combined that have also caught wide public attention from traditional mass media. This paper considers and compares two (sets of) coming out videos on YouTube from the Rhodes brothers in the United States and the Huang brothers in Taiwan that both became landmark social media and mass media events. It questions the normative narrative of coming out and the uneven flows of youth cultures and celebrity cultures online, where the visibility of certain social groups has masked the invisibility of other marginalized people. The critique extends to the “YouTube celebrity economy” and video-based female queer fandom, as well as the parents’ responses and reactions to their children’s coming out that have been recorded on video—an important part of coming out that is often overlooked in queer studies and youth studies. This paper offers a unique lens that connects online stardom and fandom to parental responses to coming out, shedding further light on global youth cultures, YouTube economy and queer celebrities, and parent-youth relations in Asia and America.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among doctors of Janakpur, Nepal
Authors: Jha Shailesh Kumar , Jha Rani , Jha Nikhilesh
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives: COVID-19 is a global pandemic. Practicing hand and respiratory hygiene is important at all times and is the best way to protect others and oneself from COVID-19. People’s behavior plays important role in control of any infectious disease. Knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of a person determines the adherence to the control measures. As doctors are the frontline warriors in this pandemic, an online survey as conducted among the doctors of Janakpur for the assessment of their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19.

Material and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional online survey using self-administered Questionnaire designed after proper literature survey. The survey was conducted from 4th August, 2020 to 20th August, 2020.

Results: Overall knowledge about the various aspects of COVID-19 among the doctors of Janakpur was 81.25%. A positive attitude was noted among 78.12% of the respondents. However, majority (90.6%) of the doctors thought that the country is not prepared to handle the pandemic. Good practice to prevent and treat COVID-19 was shown by 84.37% of the doctors.

Conclusion: Doctors of Janakpur show good knowledge, a positive attitude and good practice on various aspects of COVID-19. A significant positive correlation exists between knowledge, attitude and practice among them.
PBL session conducted for second year undergraduate students of medicine and dentistry at Universal College of Medical Sciences Nepal: Perception of the participants
Authors: Mal PiryaniRano , Suneel Piryani , Narayan Gautam
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives: Problem-based-learning (PBL) is generally recognized as a student centered instructional approach. Universal College of Medical Sciences Nepal introduced PBL to second year MBBS and BDS students in July 2019.This study assessed the perceptions of students of second year MBBS and BDS who participated in PBL session.

Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study assessing perceptions of the participant students. The validated questionnaire was used for the collection of data at the end of PBL session. The questionnaire comprised of two parts; Part I- Students’ perceptions and attitude towards PBL (9 statements) and Part II Students’ perceptions about the role of tutor in PBL(11 statements).Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The frequency, mean and standard deviation were computed and t test was used for the comparison of responses on statements of MBBS and BDS groups.

Results: The mean scores on7 out of 9 statements on students’ perceptions and attitude towards PBL was higher than fourat Likert scale 1-5 (5=strongly agree, 4=agree, 3=to some extent agree, 2=disagree, 1=strongly disagree) and on 2 statements was higher than 3.5. The mean scores on all the statements with regard to students’ perception about the role of tutor in PBL were higher than four. The mean scores of both MBBS and BDS groups of students on all statements were compared; the significant differences were obtained only on 2 statements out of 20.

Conclusion: The perceptions and attitude of students towards PBL and perceptions about the role of tutor were positive.
Motif Aktor Lokal dalam Kuota Pencalonan 120 Persen Partai Politik Lokal pada Pemilu 2019
Authors: Nurlaina Nurlaina , Amin Muryanto , Warjio Warjio
Published: July 2021

This research explains the change in the nomination quota for members of the Provincial DPRD (DPRA) and Regency / City DPRD (DPRK) members for local political parties in the 2019 Election in Aceh Province from a quota of 100 percent to 120 percent based on the number of seats that have been assigned to each electoral district, because the provisions of the LoGA stipulated in the Aceh Qanun are different from the national provisions. The change in the quota cannot be separated from the influence of requests made by DPRA members who are cadres of one of the local political parties. As a political actor at the local level, this request is supported by various motives. To analyze motives, the researchers looked at the reasons local actors asked for changes in nomination quotas. This research is a type of qualitative research by collecting data through interviews, observation and library data, then the data that has been obtained is analyzed by content. Research findings show that actors use an integrative model to get special treatment for local political parties in the 2019 elections, actor actions in achieving preferences, interactions between institutions and instruments or institutional rules, it is found that apart from maintaining the specificity of Aceh, the request for a 120 percent quota for political parties is found. The local background is also motivated by the motive of the interests of actors and their groups, namely becoming incumbent candidates and accommodating many candidates for DPRA and DPRK candidates from the Aceh Party.
Analisis Overcrowded di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Raden Mattaher Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Subandi Andi , Noerjoedianto Dwi
Published: July 2021

This study aims to see the density of patient visits at the Raden Mattaher Regional Hospital by using the National Emergency Department Overcrowded Scale (Nedocs). The method used in this study is an analytical survey to assess the role and function of an emergency room management and to analyze the management of patients in the emergency room at the Raden Mattaher Regional General Hospital (RSUD), Jambi Province. The results of this study indicate the average overcrowded rating in the ER at Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi, which is in the range of 61-100 with the assessment category Very busy but not too full (extremely busy but not overcrowded). According to the Ministry of Health, the calculation of the need for human resources for nurses, the number of nurses in the ER at Raden Mattaher Hospital is short of 4 people, and not all of them are emergency certified. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the policy decision making has been implemented but it has not been implemented properly. Furthermore, regarding the density in the emergency room during patient visits, the Raden Mattaher Regional Hospital provides a step solution to hospital management.
Strategi Pemenangan Jokowi dan Maâ€™ruf Amin dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2019 melalui Pencitraan Politik
Authors: Pusparimba Tasya Maurhena , Djuyandi Yusa , Solihah Ratnia
Published: July 2021

This study aims to see the winning strategy of the candidate pairs for Jokowi and Ma'ruf Amin in the 2019 presidential election, especially in terms of political imagery. Using Newman and Shet's theory by looking at reinforcement strategies, rationalization strategies, inducement strategies, and confrontation strategies. The method used is descriptive qualitative research methods through in-depth interviews and literature review. Primary data was obtained through interviews with resource persons, namely the success team and volunteer team for the Indonesia Maju coalition, secondary data consisting of books and related documents. The results showed that the candidate pairs Jokowi and Ma'ruf Amin tried to carry out various strategic tactics in order to present themselves as candidates who had a populist image, were liked, were honest and had a dominant ideology of democratic-socialism.
Konstruksi Citra Destinasi Wisata Gedung Juang45 Bekasi Dalam Berita Media Daring Tribunnews
Authors: Wijaya Ralvin Januar , Kristianto Bernard Danu , Marta Rustono Farady , Wahyudi Sugeng
Published: July 2021

Online media in the era of digitalization has become an alternative choice for people in seeking information to replace conventional mass media. This study aims to see the relationship of online media in the development of tourist destinations in Gedung Juang45 in Bekasi Regency. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, with the Pan and Kosicki framing analysis technique. The online media studied was Tribunnews to see news narratives in the 2019 to 2020 period using discourse analysis. News was analyzed by selecting topics related to the development of the Gedung Juang45 in Bekasi Regency on the Tribunnews Online Media Content. There were two news stories in March and August 2019, which mostly criticized the Bekasi Regency Government (Pemkab. Bekasi). On the other hand, when entering February to December 2020, researchers managed to find 13 supporting news for Pemkab. Bekasi regarding the construction of the Gedung Juang45. The results showed that of the 13 news, there is the same narrative to form the image construction of the Pemkab. Bekasi in increasing tourism, especially the Gedung Juang45 Tourism Destination.
Politik Dinasti Dalam Kepemimpinan Desa Mangaledang Lama Kecamatan Portibi Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Taher , Nasution M. Arif , Sihombing Marlon
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the origins, causes and impacts of the emergence of dynastic politics in Mangaledang Lama Village, Portibi District, Padang Lawas Utara Regency. The form of this research is qualitative research with descriptive analysis, to describe and explain in depth the origins, causes and impacts of the dynastic politics. The result of the research states that starting from Daman Huri Siregar who was elected as village head from 2001 - 2011 (two periods), after that there was a desire to rule by passing his power to his own younger brother through the election of the village head. The contributing factor is the ownership of economic capital that is financially stable, has social capital such as a strong network among the community, has symbolic capital, namely the siregar clan which is known as the dominant ruling clan so that when compared to other clans, it is far less in number than the siregar clan. The impact is that power only circulates in the family itself, so that opportunities / opportunities for other people to get rights in the political and governmental sphere are not obtained. Therefore dynastic politics will be very detrimental to others and have an impact on a good system of government and a democratic system because opportunities for people who are capable and capable do not get opportunities in the political process.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Perizinan melalui Online Single Submission pada Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Perizinan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Binjai
Authors: Prasetio Eko , Isnaini Isnaini , Adam Adam
Published: July 2021

The implementation of licensing services through Online Single Submission (OSS) at the Binjai City Investment Service and One-Stop Integrated Licensing Service (DPMPPTSP) can still be said to be unsatisfactory because it still has problems in licensing services, especially Construction Services Business Permit (IUJK) services. Problems that are often faced include the completion of the Construction Service Business Permit (IUJK) not on time and business actors do not understand the operation of the OSS system, which results in licensing services through the OSS not yet maximized. This study is to determine the quality of licensing services through OSS at the DPMPPTSP Binjai City and to find out the inhibiting factors for the implementation of licensing through OSS at the Binjai City DPMPPTSP. This research method uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate the quality of licensing services through OSS at DPMPPTSP of Binjai City which is examined from the dimensions of service quality, namely Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance ( guarantee), Empathy (empathy) as a whole is considered good but not optimal. The DPMPPTSP Of Binajai City is expected to have a technical team located at the Dinas and Dinas to conduct socialization regarding the use of the OSS system to the public so that the public is able to register their own permits and not through third parties/brokers.