bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reseña. Antonio Cortijo y Miguel Zugasti, Adiciones al corpus dramático español del siglo XVI. La Comedia de la invención de la sortija, partes I y II (Monforte de Lemos, 1594), Pamplona, Eunsa, 2016, ISBN: 9788431331597, 264 págs.
Authors: Pena Sueiro Nieves
Published: February 2025

Reseña del libro en el que Antonio Cortijo y Miguel Zugasti ofrecen un estudio y edición del texto completo de la Comedia de la invención de la sortija, escrita y representada en Monforte de Lemos en 1594 para agasajar al cardenal don Rodrigo de Castro. La obra se conserva en un manuscrito en la Bancroft Library (University of California Berkeley); constituye una muestra del teatro jesuítico y resulta de gran interés por ser el testimonio de un espectáculo artístico desconocido, con el valor añadido que supone la inclusión de fragmentos en lengua gallega, cuya presencia documental es escasa en esa época (como refleja bien el nombre que la crítica ha dado a esta etapa: Séculos Escuros).
La colección de pliegos sueltos españoles del siglo XVII de la Kongelige Bibliotek de Dinamarca
Authors: Fernández González Carlos
Published: February 2025

Tras una breve introducción a los fondos españoles de la Biblioteca Real de Copenhague, este artículo se centra en los artículos en los que Emil Gigas dio a conocer una importante colección de pliegos sueltos españoles del siglo XVII allí conservados, se hace un recorrido por la escasa bibliografía española que los menciona y, por último, se describen en corpus bibliográfico.
La alegoría de la paz en la literatura emblemática española del Siglo de Oro: Juan de Solórzano Pereira y Andrés Mendo
Authors: Antón Martínez Beatriz
Published: February 2025

La paz, un tema habitual en los specula principis y en los libros de loci communes, no podía faltar en una obra que combina ambos géneros, los Emblemata centum regio politica (Madrid, 1653) del jurista Juan de Solórzano Pereira. Está también presente en la versión vulgar epitomizada que hizo el jesuita Andrés Mendo, Príncipe perfecto y ministros ajustados (Salamanca, 1657; Lyon, 1662). Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar las fuentes literarias y gráficas del emblema XCIV, Pacis Commoda, de Juan de Solórzano y de su réplica, el documento XLIX de Andrés Mendo, para esclarecer el método de trabajo de este autor y determinar su innovación compositiva y conceptual con respecto al prototipo latino.
La importancia de determinar quién es personal de alta dirección: dos supuestos distintos y problemáticos como paradigma a la luz de la jurisprudencia
Authors: Arrieta Idiakez Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar, a la luz de la jurisprudencia, dos casos reales que demuestran la importancia de determinar quién es personal de alta dirección por las implicaciones que ello puede tener ante supuestos previstos en la regulación de la relación laboral especial. En el primer caso se analizará la cuestión planteada a partir de la relevancia que puede llegar a alcanzar el preaviso regulado para la relación laboral especial de alta dirección a efectos de determinar si existe dimisión del trabajador o despido improcedente por parte del empresario. En el segundo caso se hará referencia a la fi gura del directivo público profesional para observar cómo determinados empleados públicos pueden quedar excluidos del censo electoral en las elecciones a órganos de representación unitaria, conforme a lo que se prevé en la relación laboral especial de alta dirección, que ha conseguido tener una fuerza centrífuga o extensiva por su aplicación más allá de su estricto ámbito de aplicación, aunque tales empleados, en principio, y, expresamente no tuvieran el carácter de directivo público profesional. Con otras palabras, se parte de la idea de que es indiferente el régimen profesional que resulte de aplicación a tales directivos, pues, aunque se les nombre personal laboral de alta dirección o con carácter administrativo, en todo caso, quedarán excluidos.
Psychosocial Factors Influencing Ghanaian Young Women Choice of Panties
Authors: Mensah Mercy Ekua , Gavor Prof. Modesta Efua
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to identify the psychological and social cultural factors influencing young women choice of panties in Ghana. The study purposively selected 217 final year students in the University of Cape Coast for the study. The data was collected from the respondents using a Likert scale questionnaire, and it was descriptively analysed using mean, standard deviation, and percentages. The study revealed that young women are aware of the diverse uses of panties, but quiet a number of them are also unaware, causing them to use a limited range of styles of panties. The study found that comfort is prioritized over sex appeal, with psychological factors such as interest and confidence guiding their choices. The study also revealed that young women choose panties based on the occasion. Moreover, cultural norms and fashion trends were found to play significant roles, while family and ethnic background had lesser influence on the choice of panties among young women. The study therefore recommended that manufacturers and retailers should consider diversifying their panty offerings to better accommodate the varied preferences and needs of young women. This could involve expanding options for different styles, materials, and designs that prioritize both comfort and sex appeal.
Risk factors for refractory patent ductus arteriosus to initial medical treatment in preterm infants
Authors: Yazıcı Aybüke , Kanmaz Kutman Hayriye Gözde , Kadıoğlu Şimşek Gülsüm , Siyah Bilgin Betül , Canpolat Fuat Emre , Oğuz Şerife Suna
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study aims to identify risk factors and clinical markers for refractory patent ductus arteriosus to the initial medical treatment and determine appropriate treatment strategies. The goal is to define the newborns who will respond to treatment and to prevent patients from adverse effects of medical or surgical treatment of patent ductus arteriosus.
Methods: Preterm infants with hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus and whose gestational age was under 30 weeks were retrospectively evaluated. Infants who responded to the initial medical treatment (paracetamol or ibuprofen) were compared to those non-responders. Neonatal characteristics and comorbidities were compared between the groups.
Results: Data from a total of 91 infants were analyzed. The mean gestational age was 27±1.9 weeks vs. 26±1.9 weeks (P=0.10), and birth weight was 1,056±290 vs. 974±318 g (P=0.61), respectively in responder and refractory groups. Success rates for patients treated with paracetamol (n=49) were 57.4%, while for those treated with ibuprofen (n=42), it was 42.6% (P=0.47). Echocardiographic findings such as ductal size 2.48±0.69 vs. 2.55±0.66 mm (P=0.75), and left atrium/aortic root ratio 1.73±0.4 vs. 1.64±0.25, (P=0.14) were also comparable. Incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (22.7% vs 4.3%, P=0.009) and periventricular leukomalacia was significantly higher in the refractory group (53.1% vs. 22.2%, P=0.008).
Conclusions: Combining multiple risk factors into a clinical decision-making model or algorithm could enhance the predictive accuracy of treatment response. Moreover, ongoing monitoring and tailored treatment adjustments based on individual responses and side effects are crucial for effectively managing patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.
Ambientes vulnerables. Aportes conceptuales y definiciones para el análisis de la vulnerabilidad de los sistemas ambientales
Authors: Freitas Scaraffuni Gabriel , Achkar Borrás Marcel
Published: February 2025

En las últimas décadas, los cambios producidos por las actividades humanas en los ecosistemas se han vuelto más evidentes, pues han causado procesos de degradación ambiental y social.Algunos análisis de esta situación atribuyen parte de la responsabilidad a las formas epistemológicas y teóricas de abordarlos, por lo que han sido propuestos varios modelos conceptuales alternativos. Por su parte, el concepto de vulnerabilidad ha sido utilizado para abordar cuestiones ambientales desde distintas construcciones teóricas y metodológicas, a causa de lo cual no existe un consenso sobre su definición o modelos para su aplicación. Si bien se ha avanzado en perspectivas que, desde el enfoque de sistemas, intentan modelar la vulnerabilidad de un territorio de forma integrada, aún permanecen limitaciones asociadas principalmente a las formas como se han buscado evaluar y representar las relaciones entre las partes que integran el sistema. Más allá de esto, el desarrollo de modelos de vulnerabilidad ofrece el potencial de superar miradas lineales de tipo intervención–impacto y permitir análisis sistémicos, lo cual lo convierte en un área con potencial para la innovación. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo proponer una definición conceptual de vulnerabilidad desde una perspectiva de sistemas ambientales, que permita modelar su variabilidad espacial y temporal. Este proceso implicará no solo reconocer la existencia de múltiples dimensiones y sus interrelaciones, sino, además, integrar elementos como las propiedades emergentes del sistema, la definición específica de la degradación de su funcionamiento y la existencia y consideración de procesos estocásticos, propio de los sistemas abiertos y dinámicos.
Desafíos y perspectivas de la situación ambiental en el Perú: el caso de los bosques
Authors: Dunin Borkowski Ana Sabogal
Published: February 2025

El artículo revisa la política ambiental actual en relación con la situación de los bosques en el Perú. Se enlaza la situación actual con una revisión de la historia ambiental reciente y los enfoques de la conservación de los bosques en el Perú para, finalmente, orientar la discusión hacia las perspectivas y posibles soluciones para la conservación de los bosques.
Antiaging Synergistic Effect of Vitamins C, A, and E Topical Organogel Formulation: Clinical and ex vivo Assessments Results
Authors: Mussi Lilian
Published: February 2025

The aging process is modulated by both endogenous and exogenous factors, which can lead to the degradation of collagen and elastin, resulting
in wrinkles, skin laxity, and alterations in skin texture. Age-related declines in melanin production contribute to irregular pigmentation and
an elevated susceptibility to ultraviolet damage. Topical applications of vitamins, notably C, A, and E, are crucial in mitigating skin aging and
enhancing dermal health. These vitamins act as antioxidants, protecting against oxidative damage, inhibiting melanogenesis, lowering melanin
concentrations, and facilitating skin regeneration. Nevertheless, the stability of these vitamins within cosmetic formulations poses a considerable
challenge, particularly vitamin C, whose instability may compromise the efficacy of topical preparations. T
Rapid in situ mutation detection in extracellular vesicle DNA
Authors: Rahman Md Mofizur , Wang Lixue , Chen Yundi , Rahman Md Motiar , Islam M Oli Al , Lee Luke P. , Wan Yuan
Published: February 2025

Aim: A PCR- and sequencing-free mutation detection assay facilitates cancer diagnosis and reduces over-reliance on specialized equipment. This benefit was highlighted during the pandemic when high demand for viral nucleic acid testing often sidelined mutation analysis. This shift led to substantial challenges for patients on targeted therapy in tracking mutations. Here, we report a 30-min DNA mutation detection technique using Cas12a-loaded liposomes in a microplate reader, a fundamental laboratory tool.

Methods: CRISPR-Cas12a complex and fluorescence-quenching (FQ) probes are introduced into tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) through membrane fusion. When CRISPR-RNA hybridizes with the DNA target, activated Cas12a can trans -cleave FQ probes, resulting in fluorescence signals for the quantification of DNA mutation.

Results: This method enables the detection of EGFR L858R mutation in EV DNA within 30 min. Laborious extraction, purification, and other preparation steps for EV DNA are eliminated. The need for advanced data processing is also dispensed with. In a cohort study involving 10 healthy donors and 30 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the assay achieved a sensitivity of 86.7%, a specificity of 90%, and an accuracy of 87.5%.

Conclusion: The limit of detection of our Cas12 assay was ~ 8 × 105 EVs, corresponding to a mutation allele frequency (MAF) of ~ 10%. The MAF in late-stage cancers varies widely but often falls within 5%-50%. Therefore, without amplification of targets, this Cas12 assay can detect mutations in patients with advanced lung cancer. Future advancements in multiplex and high-throughput mutation detection using this assay will streamline self-diagnosis and treatment monitoring at home.
Mathematical Foundations of Deep Learning
Authors: Ghosh Sourangshu
Published: February 2025

Deep learning, as a computational paradigm, fundamentally relies on the synergy of functional approximation, optimization theory, and statistical learning. This work presents an extremely rigorous mathematical framework that formalizes deep learning through the lens of measurable function spaces, risk functionals, and approximation theory. We begin by defining the risk functional as a mapping between measurable function spaces, establishing its structure via Frechet differentiability and variational principles. The hypothesis complexity of neural networks is rigorously analyzed using VC-dimension theory for discrete hypotheses and Rademacher complexity for continuous spaces, providing fundamental insights into generalization and overfitting. A refined proof of the Universal Approximation Theorem is developed using convolution operators and the Stone-Weierstrass theorem, demonstrating how neural networks approximate arbitrary continuous functions on compact domains with quantifiable error bounds. The depth vs. width trade-off is explored through capacity analysis, bounding the expressive power of networks using Fourier analysis and Sobolev embeddings, with rigorous compactness arguments via the Rellich-Kondrachov theorem. We extend the theoretical framework to training dynamics, analyzing gradient flow and stationary points, the Hessian structure of optimization landscapes, and the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) regime. Generalization bounds are established through PAC-Bayes formalism and spectral regularization, connecting information-theoretic insights to neural network stability. The analysis further extends to advanced architectures, including convolutional and recurrent networks, transformers, generative adversarial networks (GANs), and variational autoencoders, emphasizing their function space properties and representational capabilities. Finally, reinforcement learning is rigorously examined through deep Q-learning and policy optimization, with applications spanning robotics and autonomous systems. The mathematical depth is reinforced by a comprehensive exploration of optimization techniques, covering stochastic gradient descent (SGD), adaptive moment estimation (Adam), and spectral-based regularization methods. The discussion culminates in a deep investigation of function space embeddings, generalization error bounds, and the fundamental limits of deep learning models. This work bridges deep learning’s theoretical underpinnings with modern advancements, offering a mathematically precise and exhaustive exposition that is indispensable for researchers aiming to rigorously understand and extend the frontiers of deep learning theory.
Comparing macromolecular complexes - a fully automated benchmarking suite
Authors: Schwede Torsten , Studer Gabriel , Robin Xavier , Bienert Stefan , Durairaj Janani , Tauriello Gerardo
Published: February 2025

Protein structure prediction has a long history of benchmarking such as CASP, CAMEO and CAPRI. With the rise of AI-based methods for prediction of macromolecular complexes, benchmarking with large datasets and robust, automated scores to compare predictions against a reference has become essential. Also, the increasing size and complexity of experimentally determined reference structures by crystallography or cryo EM poses challenges for structure comparison methods. In this manuscript, we review the current state of the art in scoring methodologies, identify existing limitations, and present novel approaches for automated scoring of tertiary and quaternary structures, protein-protein interfaces, and protein-ligand complexes. Our methods are designed to scale efficiently, enabling the assessment of large, complex systems. All developments are available in the structure benchmarking framework of OpenStructure. OpenStructure is open source software and available for free at https://openstructure.org/.
Can linguists better understand DNA?
Authors: WANG LIANG
Published: February 2025

Multilingual transfer ability, which reflects how well models fine-tuned on one source language can be applied to other languages, has been well studied in multilingual pre-trained models. However, the existence of such capability transfer between natural language and gene sequences/languages remains under explored. This study addresses this gap by drawing inspiration from the sentence-pair classification task used for evaluating sentence similarity in natural language. We constructed two analogous tasks: DNA-pair classification(DNA sequence similarity) and DNA-protein-pair classification(gene coding determination). These tasks were designed to validate the transferability of capabilities from natural language to gene sequences. Even a small-scale pre-trained model like GPT-2-small, which was pre-trained on English, achieved an accuracy of 78% on the DNA-pair classification task after being fine-tuned on English sentence-pair classification data(XTREME PAWS-X). While training a BERT model on multilingual text, the precision reached 89%. On the more complex DNA-protein-pair classification task, however, the model's output was barely distinguishable from random output. Experimental validation has confirmed that the transfer of capabilities from natural language to biological language is unequivocally present. Building on this foundation, we have also investigated the impact of model parameter scale and pre-training on this capability transfer. We provide recommendations for facilitating the transfer of capabilities from natural language to genetic language, as well as new approaches for conducting biological research based on this capability. This study offers an intriguing new perspective on exploring the relationship between natural language and genetic language.
Machine Learning for Experimental Design of Ultrafast Electron Diffraction
Authors: Shaaban Mohammad , Krishnamoorthy Aravind , El-Borgi Sami
Published: February 2025

Ultrafast Electron Diffraction (UED) experiments can generate several gigabytes of data that must be manually processed and analyzed to extract insights into materials behavior at ultrafast timescales. The lack of real-time data analysis precents in situ tuning of experimental parameters toward desirable outcomes or away from sample damage. Here, we demonstrate that machine learning methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) trained on synthetic UED data can perform real-time analysis of diffraction data to resolve dynamical processes in the material and identify signs of material damage. Convolutional Variational Autoencoder (VAE) models showed the ability to track structural phase transformation in a model material system through the time trajectory of UED images in the low-dimensional latent space. By mapping experimental conditions to distinct regions of the latent space, such models enable real-time steering of experimental parameters towards conditions that realize phase transformations or other desirable outcomes. These examples show the ability of machine learning (ML) to design self-correcting diffraction experiments to optimize the use of large-scale user facilities. These methods can readily be extended to other experimental characterization methods, including microscopy and spectroscopy.
Whole genome and transcriptome analyses identify genetic markers associated with growth traits in Qinchuan black pig
Authors: Wang Yaxin , Lv Guangquan , Liu Zhe , Cheng Ye , Ding Rongrong , Yang Gongshe , Yu Taiyong
Published: February 2025

Background
Growth traits are economically important traits in pig breeding. However, the genetic mechanism of growth traits is still unclear. Qinchuan Black (QCB) Pigs are crossbred and produced by hybridizing Guanzhong Black (GZB) Pigs and Large White (LW) Pigs, its characteristics include fast growth and excellent meat quality. In this study, whole genome and transcriptome analyses revealed the candidate genes associated with growth traits in QCB pigs based on imputed low-depth whole-genome resequencing data.
Results
In total, we used 197 low-depth whole-genome resequencing data with an average depth of 3.5X, and then the data were imputed to resequencing data using SWIM reference panel, the imputation accuracy parameters, allele frequency r2 and concordance rate were 0.86 and 95.83%, respectively. A total of 30,489,782 SNPs were retained. A GWAS of ten growth traits by using fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) model, was performed in QCB pigs. We discovered seven genome wide significant SNPs and eight genome wide suggestive significant SNPs associated with body weight at 2 months (2-BW), body length at 2 months (2-BL), body height at 2 months (2-BH) and body height at 4 months (4-BH), and eighteen potential candidate genes were discovered. Transcriptomic data revealed that 18 differentially expression genes related to muscle and growth and development. Additionally, whole genome and transcriptome analyses found six genes (TENM3, CTNND2, RIMS1, PCDH7, ADGRL3 and CTNNA3) may affect the growth traits in Qinchuan Black pigs.
Conclusion
Our study shows that more candidate genes associated with pig growth traits can be identified by whole genome and transcriptome analyses. We found that six genes may be new key candidate genes affecting pig growth traits. In conclusion, our results help to clarify the genetic basis of growth traits and have laid a theoretical foundation for subsequent breeding and genetic research of this breed.
Investigating the Relationships Between COVID-19 Cases, Public Health Interventions, Vaccine Coverage, and Temperature in Ontario and Toronto
Authors: Chermahini Melinaz Barati , Hoeppner Vernon
Published: February 2025

Objective: We examined the relationship between COVID-19 cases and Public Health Interventions (PHIs). We also explored the relationship between cases and vaccine, and temperature. We compared the results with published mathematical models.
Methods: We developed monthly PHI scores using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker for May 2020 to May 2021. We calculated PHI scores by summing the highest monthly score of each intervention and expressed the PHI score as a percentage of the maximum. We obtained vaccine coverage and temperature data from January 2021 to September 2023. We calculated Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficients to examine correlations.
Results: Correlation for cases and PHI was positive (r = 0.947, p <.0001). Correlation for cases and vaccine coverage was approximately zero (r = 0.0165, p = 0.957) for January 2021 to January 2022, and negative for February 2022 to September 2023 (r = -0.816, p <.0001). Correlation for cases and temperature was negative for January 2021 to January 2022 (r = -0.676, p = 0.0112), and almost zero for February 2022 to September 2023 (r = -0.162, p = 0.494). Models showed negative correlation for PHI and vaccine coverage, and mixed results for temperature.
Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between cases and PHI. Prior to vaccine threshold coverage, there was no correlation for vaccination and negative correlation for temperature. Post vaccine threshold, there was a negative correlation for vaccination and no correlation for temperature. Correlation results for PHI and temperature differed from mathematical models.
Adaptive, ML-Enhanced Resource Management for High-Performance Cloud-Based Web Platforms
Authors: Lee Hojoon , Kim Minjun
Published: February 2025

Efficient resource management in cloud-based web platforms is critical to maintaining performance and cost efficiency under dynamic and unpredictable workloads. This paper proposes a novel resource management framework that integrates predictive workload modeling, multi-tier autoscaling, and cost-aware optimization. The framework utilizes machine learning models to forecast workload patterns and coordinates resource allocation across application, caching, and storage tiers, ensuring minimal latency and optimal resource utilization. Experimental results demonstrate a 45% reduction in mean latency and a 30% decrease in total resource costs compared to traditional threshold-based autoscaling. The framework also improves resource utilization to 85% on average while halving the frequency of scaling actions, reducing operational instability. These outcomes highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach in balancing performance and cost objectives in complex cloud environments. The proposed framework advances the state of the art in cloud resource management by addressing inter-tier dependencies and leveraging predictive analytics for proactive scaling. Its adaptability to diverse workload patterns and potential applicability to multi-cloud and edge computing scenarios make it a scalable and robust solution for modern web platforms.
Analysis of the Genetic Association Between Immune Cell Phenotypes and Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Wang Enze , Sun Yingxuan , Zhao He , Wang Meng , Cao Zhiwei
Published: February 2025

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a prevalent and debilitating disorder, is characterized by persistent sinus inflammation and a complex interplay of immune cell phenotypes, inflammatory cytokines, and genetic factors.
This study employed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationships between 731 immune cell phenotypes and CRS, utilizing data from the FinnGen and OPEN GWAS public databases.
The analysis revealed significant associations between CRS and specific immune cell phenotypes, including HLA-DR on CD14 monocytes (OR=1.118, p_adj_fdr=0.0003), CD14_CD16 monocytes (OR=1.116, p_adj_fdr=0.0002), dendritic cells (OR=1.085673909, p_adj_fdr=0.00118315), CD33 myeloid cell differentiation antigens (OR=1.110, p_adj_fdr=0.000195), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) (OR=1.069, p_adj_fdr=0.00118). These findings suggest that aberrant immune cell function and genetic predisposition are pivotal in the onset and progression of CRS.
The insights gained from this study provide a foundation for the development of novel, precision medicine-based therapeutic strategies for CRS, targeting specific immune cell phenotypes and inflammatory pathways to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize side effects.
Accurate Calculation of 3-D Model of a New Type of Double Stator Permanent Magnet Spherical Motor
Authors: Chen Qing
Published: February 2025

A new type of double stator multi-DOF permanent magnet spherical motor (DS-PMSM) is proposed, which consists of two stators and a hollow rotor with PMs attached to its inner and outer surfaces. Through the joint action of the rotating motor and six arc-shaped permanent magnet linear motor arrays, it can realize the helical motion of continuously changing the direction of the rotating shaft, and can be applied to fields requiring multi-DOF motion such as industrial robots, aerospace, satellite communication. Considering that the spherical structure of the new motor has curvature in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, the curvature in the circumferential direction corresponds to the preliminary design of the 2-D cross-section, and the curvature in the axial direction corresponds to the accurate calculation of the 3-D model. Based on the preliminary design of 2-D cross-section of motor in the last article, an ideal 3-D structure is designed. Due to the limitation of existing machining technology, it can not meet the machining requirements of ideal spherical motor. Therefore, the structure is improved and the key parameters are optimized. Firstly, the improvement of the ideal spherical motor structure is described in detail. Considering the influence of helical motion on rotary motion, the optimal flattening coefficient of the inner PM is selected, and the inner PM are optimized in sections, so as to meet the electromagnetic performance and deflection angle and reduce the processing cost and difficulty. A torque measurement system platform based on six-axis force sensor is built to measure the influence of different rotation speed, deflection angle and stator current on the measured torque. The research results provide some reference value for the design of this kind of spherical motor.
DAM-Seg: Anatomically accurate cardiac segmentation using Dense Associative Networks
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Kim Jihie
Published: February 2025

Deep learning-based cardiac segmentation has seen significant advancements over the years. Many studies have tackled the challenge of anatomically incorrect segmentation predictions by introducing auxiliary modules. These modules either post-process segmentation outputs or enforce consistency between specific points to ensure anatomical correctness. However, such approaches often increase network complexity, require separate training for these modules, and may lack robustness in scenarios with poor visibility. To address these limitations, we propose a novel transformer-based architecture that leverages dense associative networks to learn and retain specific patterns inherent to cardiac inputs. Unlike traditional methods, our approach restricts the network to memorize a limited set of patterns. During forward propagation, a weighted sum of these patterns is used to enforce anatomical correctness in the output. Since these patterns are input-independent, the model demonstrates enhanced robustness, even in cases with poor visibility. The proposed pipeline was evaluated on two publicly available datasets, CAMUS and CardiacNet. Experimental results indicate that our model consistently outperforms baseline approaches across all metrics, highlighting its effectiveness and reliability for cardiac segmentation tasks.
Effect of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) on nonmelanoma skin cancer cells : a comparative in vitro study
Authors:   , Zhu Lianna
Published: February 2025

NMSC (Nonmelanoma skin cancer) presents a significant challenge to global healthcare due to its rising incidence, prompting the search for innovative treatments to overcome the limitations of current therapies, such as invasiveness and side effects. Our study aims to explore the potential of PRF (Platelet-rich fibrin) as an adjunctive therapy for managing localized skin cancers, particularly NMSC, leveraging its established benefits in wound healing and tissue regeneration. PRF, an autologous biomaterial rich in growth factors, leukocytes, cytokines, platelets, and fibrin, offers a safe and minimally invasive option for clinical applications. Moreover, while its tumor-suppressive effect has been reported, it remains underexplored. In our study, BCC (Basal cell carcinoma) and SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) cells were cultured individually and indirectly treated with high and low RCF (Relative centrifugation force) PRF for 7 days. Analysis of MTS assay results revealed a significant decrease in cell viability in both BCC and SCC cells following PRF treatment for 7 days. Immunofluorescence assays targeting Ki-67 showed a decreased percentage of Ki-67-positive cells in both BCC and SCC cells after 2 days of treatment compared to the control group. The downregulation of CCND1 gene expression in both cell types at 2 days along with the upregulation of p21 and p53 gene expression in SCC cells demonstrate the effect of PRF in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell cycle arrest, especially during the initial phases of treatment. Additionally, increased expression of caspase-8 was observed in both cell types over 7 days, while the upregulation of caspase-9 in SCC cells for 7 days and in BCC cells after 2 days, indicating the activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways by PRF treatment. Although the molecular responses of BCC and SCC cells varied, suggesting potential differences in response depending on tumor types, and the reaction seemed to alter over time, the overall findings indicated decreased metabolic activity, cell proliferation, and increased cell death in both cell types following PRF treatment. There was no difference observed between high and low RCF PRF treatment on both cells. Although the exact immunomodulatory properties of PRF require further investigation, especially regarding its potential role in tumor promotion or metastasis, the results of our in vitro studies are promising. They provide a basis for future investigations of PRF as an adjunctive therapy for managing localized skin cancers, particularly NMSC. Further research efforts are therefore essential to elucidate the complex dynamics of PRF release and its impact on cellular behavior in vitro and in vivo.
How Minerals Grow: From Monomer-By-Monomer to Particle-Mediated Pathways
Authors: Rimer Jeffrey D. , Penn R. Lee , Putnis Christine V.
Published: February 2025

Once nucleation is established, mineral growth is the process by which crystals increase in size, either through the addition of individual ions (monomers) or the attachment of more complex species that range from oligomers to nanoparticles. The relative contribution of these two mechanisms, which may occur separately or simultaneously, varies with fluid properties such as supersaturation as well as crystallographic characteristics wherein nonclassical mechanisms involving particle attachment are often more prevalent at early stages of crystallization and classical growth by monomers is dominant at later stages. However, there is no general rule for the type of crystal growth dominating in any given scenario as the interaction of aqueous fluid properties, together with kinetic and thermodynamic factors, will determine the pathway for growth. Ultimately the growth pathway(s) of minerals determines properties such as crystal habit and defect density. The environments where mineralization occurs are as diverse as the materials themselves and require state-of-the-art techniques to probe the details of their formation. Here, we review the current understanding of pathways by which mineral growth occurs in geological, biological, and synthetic processes.
Pathways for Nucleation and Growth in Confined Spaces and at Interfaces
Authors: Legg Benjamin A. , Hu Yandi , Koishi Ayumi , Whittaker Michael
Published: February 2025

Mineral crystallization is central to myriad natural processes from the formation of snowflakes to stalagmites, but the molecular-scale mechanisms are often far more complex than models reflect. Feedbacks between the hydro-, bio-, and geo-spheres drive complex crystallization processes that challenge our ability to observe and quantify them, motivating an expansion of crystallization theories. In this article, we discuss how the driving forces and timescales of nucleation are influenced by factors ranging from simple geometric confinement to distinct interfacial solution structures involving solvent organization, electrical double layers, and surface charging effects. Taken together, these ubiquitous natural phenomena can preserve metastable intermediates, drive precipitation of undersaturated phases, and modulate crystallization in time and space.
Natural Wonders Formed by Minerals
Authors: Kotopoulou Electra , Frisia Silvia , Van Driessche Alexander E.S.
Published: February 2025

Mineral nucleation and growth can produce remarkable structures in nature. Unique examples include the colossal gypsum crystals from Naica (Mexico), the stalactites/stalagmites in Zhijin Cave (China), and the colorful hydrothermal structures of Dallol (Ethiopia). These formations exemplify the beauty and complexity that can emerge from rather simple mineral nucleation and growth processes. Beyond that, they reflect specific conditions, including near-equilibrium states, extreme salinities, or exceptional slow growth rates. As these conditions are nearly impossible to replicate in a laboratory setting, these natural systems offer unique insights into geochemical processes.
The Parisi-Sourlas uplift and infinitely many solvable 4d CFTs
Authors: Trevisani Emilio
Published: February 2025

Parisi-Sourlas (PS) supersymmetry is known to emerge in some models with random field type of disorder. When PS SUSY is present the dd-dimensional theory allows for a d-2d−2-dimensional description. In this paper we investigate the reversed question and we provide new indications that any given CFT_{d-2}d−2 can be uplifted to a PS SUSY CFT_{d}d. We show that any scalar four-point function of a CFT_{d-2}d−2 is mapped to a set of 43 four-point functions of the uplifted CFT_{d}d which are related to each other by SUSY and satisfy all necessary bootstrap axioms. As a byproduct we find 43 non trivial relations between conformal blocks across dimensions. We test the uplift in generalized free field theory (GFF) and find that PS SUSY is a powerful tool to bootstrap an infinite class of previously unknown GFF observables. Some of this power is shown to persist in perturbation theory around GFF. We explain why all diagonal minimal models admit an uplift and we show exact results for correlators and CFT data of the 4d4d uplift of the Ising model. Despite being strongly coupled 4d4d CFTs, the uplifted minimal models contain infinitely many conserved currents and are expected to be integrable.
Factors affecting batik SME performance and sustainability: The role of government support and business associations
Authors: Suprayitno  , Dwiatmadja Christantius , Suharti Lieli
Published: February 2025

Batik SMEs, especially in Solo Raya, Indonesia, face challenges in business sustainability. Considering that batik is one of Indonesia’s cultural heritages, maintaining the sustainability of batik SMEs means contributing to the preservation of batik culture. Therefore, the study aimed to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial leadership, social capital, and digital literacy on the sustainability of batik SMEs mediated by business performance and moderated by government support and the role of business associations. The quantitative method is used with SEM-PLS analysis. The population included 273 owners and managers of batik SMEs in Solo Raya, Central Java, Indonesia; 155 were used as the research sample. Data were collected through questionnaires conducted online through Google Forms and offline face-to-face. This study found that entrepreneurial leadership and social capital positively and significantly affect performance. Entrepreneurial leadership and business performance have a positive and significant effect on sustainability. Performance mediates the impact of entrepreneurial leadership and social capital on sustainability. In contrast, government support weakens the impact of entrepreneurial leadership on sustainability in its moderating role. This study confirms the ability of batik SMEs in Solo Raya to sustain their business by referring to the resource-based view, survival-based, social capital, and sustainability theories.
Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana [Satya Wacana Christian University] for providing the opportunity to conduct this analysis. Batik business associates are acknowledged for their willingness to be respondents and facilitate this investigation. Additionally, the support of the SME department is recognized in granting permission and assisting in facilitating this analysis.
Quando no namoro há violência: O fenômeno dating violence no Brasil e o que podemos aprender com Portugal
Authors: Weiler Ana Luísa Dessoy , Nielsson Joice Graciele , Das Neves Ana Sofia Antunes
Published: February 2025

O artigo pretende discutir a violência no namoro, a partir da legislação e produções acadêmicas acerca do tema, com o objetivo de caracterizar o fenômeno, às suas dinâmicas e os seus efeitos no desenvolvimento dos e das jovens. Parte-se dos seguintes questionamentos: qual o impacto da violência do namoro nos jovens e possíveis caminhos de prevenção no Brasil? O que pode-se aprender com Portugal na luta contra o fenômeno? O objetivo geral do texto é examinar a produção acadêmica brasileira sobre o tema, identificando quais as necessidades do ponto de vista investigativo e possíveis políticas públicas de prevenção e combate à referida violência. Para tanto, dividiu-se o artigo em três objetivos específicos, explorados em três seções: a) apresentar principais conceitos e as teorias explicativas do fenômeno; b) identificar na legislação e produção acadêmica brasileira como o fenômeno é reconhecido (ou não); e, c) perceber quais os efeitos da violência no namoro nos jovens. O tipo de pesquisa é exploratória, o método de abordagem é o dedutivo e o método de procedimento bibliográfico. Por fim, conclui-se que é necessário o aprofundamento nos estudos acerca do tema, para que se possa promover meios de prevenção à violência no namoro, principalmente dentro das escolas, uma vez que é o lugar onde estão os protagonistas do fenômeno.
A participação no constitucionalismo do futuro e a cidadania participativa
Authors: Arakaki Allan Thiago Barbosa
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal apurar se a crise de efetivação da participação, prevista esta como característica do Constitucionalismo do Futuro, cuida-se de uma ausência de concepção de instrumentos formais ou de uma falta de uma cultura participativa popular. Para tanto, utiliza-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, sendo empregado o método dedutivo, eis que é o mais adequado para atingir as pretensões deste artigo. Parte-se então incialmente da premissa geral, conceituando o Constitucionalismo do Futuro e a participação inserida nele. Após, discorre-se sobre os instrumentos de cidadania participativa brasileira. Por derradeiro, adentra-se ao cerne da questão, verificando se o motivo da crise de efetividade da participação no Constitucionalismo brasileiro decorreria da ausência de elementos formais para tanto ou da ausência de uma cultura de participação popular. A pesquisa, por seu turno, é atual e relevante, eis que se cuida de um assunto que propõe identificar se a crise de efetividade da participação, elemento integrante do Constitucionalismo do Futuro, seria de ordem jurídica ou social. Por fim, emprega-se o referencial teórico do Constitucionalismo do Futuro, desenvolvido por Dromi.
Hydrogeochemical processes, water–rock interactions, and the suitability of groundwater in a semi-arid region, Northeastern Algeria
Authors: Benmerabet Nadia , Sedrati Nassima , Djabri Larbi
Published: February 2025

Understanding groundwater geochemical evolution is crucial for sustainable water resource management, especially in semi-arid regions of Algeria where water scarcity poses a significant challenge. In this study, 65 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed during 2021 from various locations in the Laouinet-Morsott. Different geochemical applications were used to identify the main hydrogeochemical processes, the water–rock interaction, and the suitability of groundwater for drinking. The Laouinet-Morsott aquifers showed significant variations in mineralization that changed depending on sample location; more than 90% of these waters were highly mineralized. Most of the water samples could be classified as very hard-brackish or hard-brackish water. The study revealed that the increase in salinity is mainly due to geogenic processes, which are under the influence of anthropogenic activities to some extent. Dissolutions of halite, gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, and dolomite are the major processes contributing to and defining the groundwater chemistry in this plain. Moreover, calculated saturation index (SI) values indicate that aragonite, dolomite, and calcite are saturated, while the SI values for anhydrite, gypsum, and halite are unsaturated. Based on the water quality index, the groundwater quality ranged from good to unfit for drinking. More than 73% of all samples are categorized as poor, very poor, and unfit for drinking.
Towards the development of an online platform for an industry metabolic pathway
Authors: Khoury Mehdi , Evans Barry , Guleria Tavishi , Van Der Broeke Joep , Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia Lydia , Chen Otto , Mustafee Navonil , Chen Albert , Djordjevic Slobodan , Savic Dragan
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the design of a web-based decision co-creation platform to showcase water treatment technologies connected via industrial symbiosis for a circular economy approach. The platform is developed as part of the EU H2020-funded ULTIMATE project. This system initially investigates three case studies focusing respectively on: water and nutrient recovery in greenhouses, pre-treatment of wastewater from olive mills before integration into communal wastewater systems, and value-added compound recovery from wastewater in a juice factory. These cases are then merged into one abstract composite example showing all three aspects of the problem, connecting greenhouses, juice factories, and olive mills, describing a pioneering form of industrial ‘metabolic network’ of the circular economy. This work describes the modelling framework, the online platform and the interactive visualisations that allow users to explore the industrial symbiosis configurations enabled by the metabolic pathway. The platform thus serves as a decision support tool that merges circular economy and industrial symbiosis, as well as a pedagogical tool.
Equipamento médico assistencial para monitoramento da ingestão de alimentos
Authors:   , Barbalho Ingridy Marina Pierre
Published: February 2025

O uso de dispositivos móveis para o monitoramento contínuo de pacientes com
uma determinada patologia pode beneficiar significativamente em sua prevenção,
diagnóstico e tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é a construção de um Equipamento
Médico Assistencial (EMA) para o monitoramento de pacientes com alguma patologia
relacionada à dificuldade no processo de ingestão de alimentos e/ou Disfagia Orofaríngea.
O EMA funciona através da captura dos movimentos e dos sinais sonoros gerados
durante o processo de mastigação e deglutição, e, a partir disso, identifica o tipo físico
do alimento, classificando-o em: i) líquido; ii) pastoso; iii) sólido. É importante ressaltar
que os requisitos definidos para a construção do EMA foram retirados do contexto da
Disfagia. Após a classificação, essas informações são armazenadas gerando um histórico
alimentar com informações detalhadas sobre as refeições realizadas e o nível de Disfagia
que o paciente se encontra. Para este fim, foi implementada uma ontologia de domínio
com axiomas lógicos capazes de classificar o tipo físico do alimento deglutido tendo
por base a análise dos dados capturados durante o processo de deglutição. Com o
intuito de analisar os resultados gerados pelo EMA, foram realizados experimentos
em ambiente real com 10 participantes, autorizado pelo comitê de ética sob o seguinte
número de parecer: 2.332.026. Cada participante foi convidado a deglutir alimentos
líquidos, pastosos e sólidos. Os dados gerados pelos participantes foram analisados e
classificados pela ontologia desenvolvida. Ao final, os resultados apresentam 100% de
acerto em relação aos experimentos realizados com alimentos sólidos, 80% de acerto em
relação aos experimentos realizados com alimentos líquidos e 75% de acerto em relação
aos experimento realizados com alimentos pastosos. A análise geral do EMA apresentou
o nível de acurácia de 85%. Por fim, o EMA proporcionou resultados relevantes quanto à
classificação correta de dados. Assim, a equipe médica pode acompanhar, a distância, a
evolução do paciente diante das informações detalhadas disponíveis no EMA, facilitando
o processo de monitoramento e melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes que
necessitam de acompanhamento a distância.