bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I Would Not Trade It for the World: Black Women Student-Athletes, Activism, and Allyship in 2020–2021
Authors: Davis Brooks DeAnne , Knox Rob
Published: March 2022

Black women student-athlete activists at a historically white institution of higher education represent a group with unique lived experiences framed by intersecting identities. As student-activists, they are at risk for adverse mental health concerns associated with the emotional toils of fighting for racial justice. As Black female student-athletes at a historically white institution, they are also at risk for isolation. Acknowledging that race, class, and gender consistently intersect in sport is a necessary prerequisite for better mental health treatment, and for understanding Black women in sport and society. The purpose of this report is to identify the target groups’ needs from their perspectives as Black women student-athlete activists, for the purposes of understanding and serving them better. We present interviews with six Black female student-athlete activists at a historically white institution of higher education and three recommendations for sport psychology consultants positioned to be their allies.
DNA-PKcs interacts with and phosphorylates Fis1 to induce mitochondrial fragmentation in tubular cells during acute kidney injury
Authors: Wang Shiyuan , Zhu Hang , Li Ruibing , Mui David , Toan Sam , Chang Xing , Zhou Hao
Published: March 2022

The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) regulates cell death. We sought to determine whether DNA-PKcs played a role in the tubular damage that occurs during acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by LPS injection (to mimic sepsis), cisplatin administration, or renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Although DNA-PKcs normally localizes to the nucleus, we detected cytoplasmic DNA-PKcs in mouse kidney tissues and urinary sediments of human patients with septic AKI. Increased cytoplasmic amounts of DNA-PKcs correlated with renal dysfunction. Tubule cell–specificDNA-PKcsdeletion attenuated AKI-mediated tubular cell death and changes in the abundance of various proteins with mitochondrial functions or roles in apoptotic pathways. DNA-PKcs interacted with Fis1 and phosphorylated it at Thr34in its TQ motif, which increased the affinity of Fis1 for Drp1 and induced mitochondrial fragmentation. Knockin mice expressing a nonphosphorylatable T34A mutant exhibited improved renal function and histological features and reduced mitochondrial fragmentation upon induction of AKI. Phosphorylation of Thr34in Fis1 was detectable in urinary sediments of human patients with septic AKI and correlated with renal dysfunction. Our findings provide insight into the role of cytoplasmic DNA-PKcs and phosphorylated Fis1 in AKI development.
Omicron variant Spike-specific antibody binding and Fc activity are preserved in recipients of mRNA or inactivated COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Bartsch Yannic C. , Tong Xin , Kang Jaewon , Avendaño María José , Serrano Eileen F. , García-Salum Tamara , Pardo-Roa Catalina , Riquelme Arnoldo , Cai Yongfei , Renzi Isabella , Stewart-Jones Guillaume , Chen Bing , Medina Rafael A. , Alter Galit
Published: March 2022

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to evade neutralizing antibodies elicited by vaccination or infection. Despite the global spread of the Omicron variant, even among highly vaccinated populations, death rates have not increased concomitantly. These data suggest that immune mechanisms beyond antibody-mediated virus neutralization may protect against severe disease. In addition to neutralizing pathogens, antibodies contribute to control and clearance of infections through Fc effector mechanisms. Here, we probed the ability of vaccine-induced antibodies to drive Fc effector activity against the Omicron variant using samples from individuals receiving one of three SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Despite a substantial loss of IgM, IgA, and IgG binding to the Omicron variant receptor binding domain (RBD) in samples from individuals receiving BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and CoronaVac vaccines, stable binding was maintained against the full-length Omicron Spike protein. Compromised RBD binding IgG was accompanied by a loss of RBD-specific antibody Fcγ receptor (FcγR) binding in samples from individuals who received the CoronaVac vaccine, but RBD-specific FcγR2a and FcγR3a binding was preserved in recipients of mRNA vaccines. Conversely, Spike protein–specific antibodies exhibited persistent but reduced binding to FcγRs across all three vaccines, although higher binding was observed in samples from recipients of mRNA vaccines. This was associated with preservation of FcγR2a and FcγR3a binding antibodies and maintenance of Spike protein–specific antibody-dependent natural killer cell activation. Thus, despite the loss of Omicron neutralization, vaccine-induced Spike protein–specific antibodies continue to drive Fc effector functions, suggesting a capacity for extraneutralizing antibodies to contribute to disease control.
Mathematical Modeling for Evaluating Inherent Parameters Affecting UVC Decontamination of Indicator Bacteria
Authors: Jaiaue Phetcharat , Piluk Jirabhorn , Sawattrakool Kanokon , Thammakes Jesnipit , Malasuk Chacriya , Thitiprasert Sitanan , Thongchul Nuttha , Siwamogsatham Siwaruk
Published: March 2022

Prevention and control measures for microbial pathogens have attracted worldwide attention due to the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. UV treatments are used as a commercial control to prevent microbial contamination in diverse applications.
Fine Mapping and Functional Analysis of the Gene
PcTYR
, Involved in Control of Cap Color of Pleurotus cornucopiae
Authors: Zhang Yan , Huang Chenyang , van Peer Arend F. , Sonnenberg Anton S. M. , Zhao Mingwen , Gao Wei
Published: March 2022

Oyster mushrooms are widely cultivated and consumed over the world for their easy cultivation and high biological efficiency (mushroom fresh weight/substrate dry weight × 100%). Fruiting bodies with dark caps are more and more popular according to consumer preferences, but dark varieties are rarely seen on the market.
Competition for Iron during Polymicrobial Infections May Increase Antifungal Drug Susceptibility—How Will It Impact Treatment Options?
Authors: Pohl Carolina H.
Published: March 2022

Interaction between microbes may influence antimicrobial susceptibility of one or more of the microbes, with studies pointing to increased resistance in these scenarios. Hattab et al. provided a novel perspective by identifying synergism between fluconazole and bacterial antagonism in the context of
Candida albicans
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
co-infection. Further research is required to translate these findings to the clinical setting, especially in the era of increasing antifungal resistance.
A Missing Link between Retrotransposons and Retroviruses
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Han Guan-Zhu
Published: March 2022

The origin of retroviruses remains largely unclear. In this study, we discovered a novel retrotransposon lineage, Odin retrotransposons, within the genomes of sea anemones (order Actinaria).
Complete Genome Sequences of 24 Strains of Bacillus cereus Isolated from Nosocomial Infection and Bacteremia Cases in Japan
Authors: Furuta Yoshikazu , Tsujinouchi Mai , Shawa Misheck , Zorigt Tuvshinzaya , Miyajima Yuya , Paudel Atmika , Suzuki Satowa , Higashi Hideaki
Published: March 2022

Bacillus cereus
is mainly associated with foodborne illness but sometimes causes nosocomial infections. We previously reported that
B. cereus
strains of a specific sequence type, ST1420, were associated with nosocomial infection. Here, we determined the complete genome sequences of
B. cereus
strains isolated from nosocomial infection cases in Japanese hospitals.
Analysis of the Streptococcus mutans Proteome during Acid and Oxidative Stress Reveals Modules of Protein Coexpression and an Expanded Role for the TreR Transcriptional Regulator
Authors: Tinder Elizabeth L. , Faustoferri Roberta C. , Buckley Andrew A. , Quivey Robert G. , Baker Jonathon L.
Published: March 2022

Dental caries is the most common chronic infectious disease worldwide and disproportionately affects marginalized socioeconomic groups.
Streptococcus mutans
is considered a primary etiological agent of caries, with its pathogenicity being dependent on coordinated physiological stress responses that mitigate the damage caused by the oxidative and acid stress common within dental plaque. In this study, the proteome of
S. mutans
was examined during growth in acidic and oxidative stresses as well in
nox
and
treR
deletion mutants.
Supplemental Material: Bringing sedimentology and stratigraphy into the StraboSpot data management system
Authors: Duncan C.J. , al. et
Published: March 2022

File A which outlines results from a fall 2019 post-GSA Annual Meeting field workshop. File B which outlines the results from a summer 2020 online workshop/app launch.
Chiral Triplet Quasi-Two-Dimensional Superconductor in a Parallel Magnetic Field
Authors: Lebed A. G.
Published: March 2022

We calculate the parallel upper critical magnetic field $${{H}_{\parallel }}(0)$$ for an in-plane isotropic quasi-two-dimensional chiral triplet superconductor at zero temperature, $$T = 0$$. In particular, the ratio $${{H}_{\parallel }}(0){\text{/}}\left( {{\text{|}}dH_{\parallel }^{{GL}}{\text{/}}dT{{{\text{|}}}_{{T = {{T}_{c}}}}}{{T}_{c}}} \right)$$ = 0.815 is defined, where $${\text{|}}dH_{\parallel }^{{GL}}{\text{/}}dT{{{\text{|}}}_{{T = {{T}_{c}}}}}$$ is the so-called Ginzburg–Landau slope of the upper critical magnetic field, Tc is a superconducting transition temperature at $$H = 0$$. We show that the theoretically obtained above mentioned value strongly contradicts to the experimentally measured ones in a candidate for a chiral triplet superconductivity Sr2RuO4, which provides one more argument against the chiral triplet scenario of superconductivity in this compound. Our results may be useful for establishing chiral triplet superconductivity in other quasi-two-dimensional candidates for this phenomenon.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Hydrazone and 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione Derivatives
Authors: Yankin A. N. , Nosova N. V. , Novikova V. V. , Gein V. L.
Published: March 2022

Novel hydrazone and 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione derivatives were obtained via the reaction of N1,N3,2-triaryl-6-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxocyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxamides with acid hydrazides and thiosemicarbazide, respectively. Structure of the products was proved using IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy methods. Some of the synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of 5-Phenyl-1,3-thiazole-4-sulfonamide Derivatives
Authors: Severin A. O. , Pilyo S. G. , Potikha L. M. , Brovarets V. S.
Published: March 2022

A method for the synthesis of 5-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-4-sulfonyl chloride was developed based on the cyclization of ethyl 2-{[1-(benzylsulfanyl)-2-oxo-2-phenylethyl]amino}-2-oxoacetate obtained from available reagents under the action of the Lawesson’s reagent and oxidative chlorination of the intermediate benzyl 5-phenyl-1,3thiazol-4-ylsulfide. The resulting sulfonyl chloride was converted into a series of 5-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-4-sulfonamide derivatives for which in vitro antitumor activity screening studies were performed on 60 cancer cell lines.
Intractable hiccups as the harbinger of a diffuse pontine glioma
Authors: Shankar Takshak , Pillai Aadya , Kaeley Nidhi , Vempalli Nagasubramanyam
Published: March 2022

Hiccups are experienced by people of all ages. While acute hiccups are benign and self-limited, persistent and intractable hiccups can sometimes signal a serious disease. We present a young previously healthy man who complained of only hiccups for 4 months and later developed a severe headache and projectile vomiting. His systemic examination was within normal limits. Brain imaging revealed a diffuse pontine glioma with mild hydrocephalus.
Pseudo-hypertriglyceridaemia in glycerol kinase deficiency misdiagnosed and treated as true hypertriglyceridaemia
Authors: Pant Vivek , Pyakurel Devish , Gautam Keyoor , Pradhan Santosh
Published: March 2022

High triglyceride in a serum sample with no apparent visible lipaemia is a confusing laboratory condition. This condition of apparent hypertriglyceridaemia might be an asymptomatic condition of pseudo-hypertriglyceridaemia which is seen in individuals with glycerol kinase deficiency. Glycerol is increased in glycerol kinase deficiency, therefore biochemical analysers that measure glycerol to estimate triglyceride report high triglyceride values. Clinicians are often unaware of this laboratory condition; as a result, patients are subjected to aggressive hypolipidaemic drugs and lifestyle changes, and these measures turn ineffective to lower triglyceride levels. In this report, a case of a 50-year-old Nepalese male is presented with an apparent hypertriglyceridaemia refractory to various hypolipidaemic drugs for the last 13 years until a correct diagnosis of his condition was made.
PERSIAN Traffic Safety and Health Cohort: a study protocol on postcrash mental and physical health consequences
Authors: Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Shahedifar Nasrin , Somi Mohammad Hossein , Poustchi Hossein , Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad , Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad , Sadeghi Vahideh , Golestani Mina , Pourasghar Faramarz , Mohebbi Iraj , Ahmadi Sajjad , Shafiee-Kandjani Ali Reza , Ala Alireza , Abdi Salman , Rezaei Mahdi , Farahbakhsh Mostafa
Published: March 2022

Background

Cohort studies play essential roles in assessing causality, appropriate interventions. The study, Post-crash Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN Traffic Safety and Health Cohort, aims to investigate the common health consequences of road traffic injuries (RTIs) postcrash through multiple follow-ups.

Methods

This protocol study was designed to analyse human, vehicle and environmental factors as exposures relating to postcrash outcomes (injury, disability, death, property damage, quality of life, etc). Population sources include registered injured people and followed up healthy people in precrash cohort experienced RTIs. It includes four first-year follow-ups, 1 month (phone-based), 3 months (in-person, video/phone call), 6 and 12 months (phone-based) after crash. Then, 24-month and 36-month follow-ups will be conducted triennially. Various questionnaires such as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, WHO Disability Assessment Schedules, Cost-related Information, etc are completed. Counselling with a psychiatrist and a medical visit by a practitioner are provided accompanied by extra tools (simulator-based driving assessment, and psychophysiological tests). Through preliminary recruitment plan, 5807, 2905, 2247 and 1051 subjects have been enrolled, respectively at the baseline, first, second and third follow-ups by now. At baseline, cars and motorcycles accounted for over 30% and 25% of RTIs. At first follow-up, 27% of participants were pedestrians engaged mostly in car crashes. Around a fourth of injuries were single injuries. Car occupants were injured in 40% of collisions.

Discussion

The study provides an opportunity to investigate physical-psychosocial outcomes of RTIs, predictors and patterns at follow-up phases postinjury through longitudinal assessments, to provide advocates for evidence-based safety national policy-making.
The tumor-targeted CD40 agonist CEA-CD40 promotes T cell priming via a dual mode of action by increasing antigen delivery to dendritic cells and enhancing their activation
Authors: Sum Eva , Rapp Moritz , Dürr Harald , Mazumdar Alekhya , Romero Pedro J , Trumpfheller Christine , Umaña Pablo
Published: March 2022

Tumor-targeted CD40 agonism represents an attractive strategy for cancer immunotherapy (CIT) as it promotes dendritic cell (DC) activation and concomitant tumor-specific T cell priming without causing systemic side effects. We developed the bispecific CD40 agonistic antibody CEA-CD40, which triggers CD40 stimulation exclusively in the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a glycoprotein specifically expressed on tumor cells. In this study, we demonstrate that CEA-CD40 can enable potent in vitro DC activation and consecutive T cell cross-priming in a CEA-specific manner. Furthermore, we provide evidence that CEA-CD40 increases colocalization of CEA+tumor material and DCs. Using CEA+tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are known to be an excellent tumor antigen source, we show that CEA-CD40 mediates delivery of CEA+EVs to DCs. Importantly, our data indicates that this fosters acquisition of tumor EV major histocompatibility complex I/peptide complexes by DCs, consequently improving CD8+T cell priming against EV-associated antigen in vitro. Thus, we provide mechanistic evidence for a dual mode of action of CEA-CD40 for CIT: we suggest that CEA-CD40 has the potential to activate DCs and in addition can promote their loading with tumor antigen derived from EVs to trigger tumor-specific T cell cross-priming.
Prior arm-crank exercise has no effect on postprandial lipaemia in nondisabled adults
Authors: Farrow Matthew T. , Maher Jennifer , Oaten Jack R. , Kreutzfeldt Saskia , Thompson Dylan , Bilzon James L.J.
Published: March 2022

A single bout of cycling or running performed in the evening can reduce postprandial lipaemia (PPL) the following morning, although this is currently unknown for upper-body exercise. The aim of this study was to determine if a bout of arm-crank exercise (high-intensity interval [HIIE] or moderate-intensity continuous [MICE]), can attenuate PPL in noninjured individuals. Eleven healthy and recreationally active participants (eight males, three females; age: 27 ± 7 years; body mass index: 23.5 ± 2.5 kg·m–2) volunteered to participate in three trials: HIIE (10 × 60 s at 80% peak power output), MICE (50% peak power output of isocaloric duration), and a no-exercise control condition. Each exercise bout was performed at 18:00, and participants consumed a standardised evening meal at 20:00. Following an overnight fast, a 5-h mixed-macronutrient tolerance test was performed at 08:00. There were no significant differences in triglyceride incremental area under the curve between HIIE (192 ± 94 mmol·L–1 per 300 min), MICE (184 ± 111 mmol·L–1 per 300 min), and the no-exercise condition (175 ± 90 mmol·L–1 per 300 min) ( P = 0.46). There were no significant differences in incremental area under the curve for glucose ( P = 0.91) or insulin ( P = 0.59) between conditions. Upper-body MICE and HIIE performed in the evening do not influence PPL the following morning, in normotriglyceridemic individuals. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT04277091.

Novelty: Arm-crank exercise has no effect on PPL when performed the evening prior to a mixed-macronutrient meal test. Upper-body sprint interval exercise should be investigated as a potential solution to reduce PPL.
Effects of sex and wet-bulb globe temperature on heart rate variability during prolonged moderate-intensity exercise: a secondary analysis
Authors: De Barros Jordan A. , Macartney Michael J. , Peoples Gregory E. , Notley Sean R. , Herry Christophe L. , Kenny Glen P.
Published: March 2022

Sex differences in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), a surrogate of cardiac autonomic modulation, are evident during rest and exercise in young healthy individuals. However, it remains unclear whether sex impacts HRV during prolonged exercise at differing levels of environmental heat stress. Therefore, we completed a secondary analysis upon the effects of sex and wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) on HR and HRV during prolonged exercise. To achieve this, HR and HRV were assessed in non-endurance-trained and non-heat-acclimatised healthy men ( n = 19) and women ( n = 15) aged 18–45 years during 180 min of treadmill walking at a moderate metabolic rate (200 W/m2: equivalent to ∼35% peak aerobic power) in 16, 24, 28, and 32 °C WBGT. In the final 5 min prior to exercise termination, HR was observed to be higher in women relative to men in all but the 32 °C WBGT. Although no sex differences were observed for the HRV metric of root-mean-square of successive differences, high-frequency power was higher in women relative to men across WBGT conditions. These findings indicate that, in healthy non-heat-acclimatised individuals, women respond to prolonged exercise-heat stress with a greater increase in HR despite cardiac vagal autonomic modulation remaining equal or increasing compared to men.

Novelty:

Prior to exercise termination, females respond with a greater increase in HR under all WBGTs except the hottest (32 °C). Sex influenced  HRV metrics during all WBGTs, but results were mixed. Further characterisation of HRV sex differences remains an important area of research.
Isotopic and traits-based trophic diversity of Canadian Beaufort Sea benthic communities in relation to food supply
Authors: Ehrman Ashley D. , Swanson Heidi , MacPhee Shannon , Majewski Andrew , Archambault Philippe , Eert Jane , Reist James , Power Michael
Published: March 2022

In the Arctic, climate-driven alterations to the quality and quantity of organic matter reaching the seafloor will likely affect benthic food web function. We used biomass-weighted diversity measures based on trophic traits (those related to feeding behaviours, e.g., mobility, size, food source), stable isotope ratios (δ15N and δ13C), and taxonomy to assess linkages between benthic food web structure and indicators of food supply in the shelf and slope ecosystems of the Canadian Beaufort Sea and Amundsen Gulf (down to 500 m). Benthic communities across both regions used a similar diversity of sedimentary organic matter sources according to stable isotopes, despite known differences between regions in organic matter input and benthic–pelagic coupling. Shelf-edge and upper-slope communities exhibited relatively high trophic trait diversity, which likely reflected the exploitation of pulsed food inputs associated with dynamic processes at the shelf break that affect the production and advection of organic matter to the benthos. Pairwise relationships between trophic traits and sedimentary proxies of benthic food supply were not significant at the regional scale. However, cluster analyses supported the notion that trophic trait composition was influenced by proximity to the shelf edge, where food supply is influenced by episodic events that may not be reflected by in situ sedimentary proxies. Our findings add to growing evidence that evaluating trophic traits composition may provide more information regarding functional responses to changes in benthic food supply than either isotopic or taxonomic diversity indices alone.
Use of drones for the creation and development of a photographic identification catalogue for an endangered whale population
Authors: Ryan Kasey P. , Ferguson Steven H. , Koski William R. , Young Brent G. , Roth James D. , Watt Cortney A.
Published: March 2022

Photographic identification is increasingly being used as a cost-effective and minimally invasive method to monitor species, which is of particular importance for endangered populations that are vulnerable to intrusive research methods. The purpose of our study was to collect photographs of an endangered population of beluga whales ( Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)) in Cumberland Sound, Nunavut, Canada, for use in photographic identification. Rather than pursuing the whales with boats to collect photographs, drones were used to minimize disturbance. We analyzed drone photographs from 2017 to 2019 for distinctive markings on the whales, which were used to develop a photographic identification catalogue. In total, 93 individuals were identified, with 24 resightings of marked individuals over the survey period. Approximately 43.4% (standard error 3.3%) of the adult beluga population was uniquely marked. The beluga population has been harvested at a rate of 41 whales per year, not including struck and lost, since 2002. The markings were from unknown origins (61%), scars/wounds from gunshots (27%), anthropogenic or predatory given the size and severity (11%), or a satellite tag (1%). The continuation of the photographic identification program will allow for the estimation of important population demographics, such as abundance and calving interval, which are important parameters for population conservation and management.
Modeling RSM of photocatalytic treatment of Acid Red 18 pollutant using ZnO–Cr nano-photocatalyst, kinetic studies, and energy management
Authors: Sharifi Abdolkarim , Rajabi Abhari Abbas , Imanzadeh Mehdi , Mahmoodi Zahra , Farrokhzadeh Samaneh
Published: March 2022

The ZnO–Cr nano-photocatalyst was synthesized using a microwave-assisted solution combustion method and applied for the photodegradation of the organic pollutant Acid Red 18 (AR18). The synthesized nano-photocatalyst was characterized by XRD, FESEM, EDX, and FTIR methods. To reach the optimal condition of the treatment, the response surface methodology was used in the central composite design model. The amount of nano-photocatalyst, pH of the solution, and initial concentration of the pollutant were optimized. The polynomial 3-degree model was fitted to the photodegradation data, and the correlation coefficients of the model showed an interaction between the parameters. Optimization of the polynomial model for pollutant treatment was investigated under the same conditions, and the comparison of the observed and predicted treatment models showed a low difference in decolorization. The intermediates were identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. A kinetic study showed that the first-order kinetic constant for the degradation of pollutant concentrations from 10 to 30 mg L−1 changed from 0.0178 to 0.0058 min–1. Finally, economic evaluation and energy management of the process showed that the decolorization process was more economical at low pollutant concentrations.
Improved Exploration-Enhanced Gray Wolf Optimizer for a Mechanical Model of Braided Bicomponent Ureteral Stents
Authors: Sun Zhikai , Liu Xiaoyan , Ren Lihong , Hao Kuangrong
Published: March 2022

Ureteral stent tubes are important medical devices used to repair ureteral obstruction or injury. However, relevant experiments of ureteral stent tubes are usually time-consuming and expensive. This research introduces a mechanical model that can simulate the force and deformation of ureteral stents. In addition, a novel optimization algorithm called improved exploration-enhanced gray wolf optimizer (IEE-GWO) is proposed to optimize parameters of the model. In order to balance exploration and exploitation of gray wolf optimizer (GWO), a dimension learning-based hunting (DLH) search strategy and a nonlinear control parameter strategy are integrated into the IEE-GWO. The experimental results show that the proposed IEE-GWO has better performance, such as fast convergence speed and high solution quality. Furthermore, the novel approach can improve the accuracy of the mechanical modal.
Fostering Innovation in Diversified Business Groups with the Creation of Cross-Subsidiary Collaborative Structures
Authors: Sandford Arava , Jean Camille , Mantelet Fabrice , Broué Adrien , Le Coq Marc
Published: March 2022

Today’s industrial context leads companies to use collaboration and partnerships to tackle global issues and create value. For diversified business groups, it represents a good opportunity to make the most of their internal competencies by creating new synergies between their subsidiaries to foster innovation. However, building successful collaborative projects remains a complex process. Thus, an action research approach was used through a case study in a French diversified business group to have in-depth and intrinsic observations in the complex dynamics of collaboration and innovation management. This paper presents a method to create cross-subsidiary collaboration structures on innovative and strategic topics, with theoretical and practical recommendations.
Comprehensive Study of the Resistance of Pencil-Stroked Graphite on Paper Electrodes
Authors: Dhanabalan Jeevakaarthik , Chua Gareth Rui Jye , Ricardo Bernard
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we comprehensively study the electrical resistance of pencil-stroked graphite electrodes, which is a cheap electrical conductor. Thin graphite on paper (GOP) electrodes were manually fabricated by unidirectionally stroking rectangular areas defined by grids on graph paper, allowing the physical dimensions of the layer to be accurately represented. The physical dimensions of the electrode were then varied and the I–V relationship for the layer was characterized. Our findings indicate that these thin electrodes behave as ohmic conductors over the low voltage range (0–12 V), and their resistance can be quantitatively described by Pouillet’s Law [Formula: see text]. The deviation of the experimentally obtained linear I–V characteristic from the theoretical nonlinear I–V characteristic of graphite has been explained by measuring the temperature rise of the graphite electrode, which was found to be insignificant [Formula: see text] in the low voltage range. The effects of saturation level of the electrode and pencil grade on electrode resistance are also elaborated in this paper. By showing the turbostratic nature of graphite in GOP and analyzing its electronic conduction mechanism, the experimental observations have been explained theoretically. We also note the highly interesting low-energy electron dynamics in GOP reported previously in misoriented multilayer graphitic systems. We observed insignificant changes in electrode resistivity over five-minute intervals and repeated use. Hence, these electrodes exhibit great stability as a low-voltage electrical conductor. The flexibility, usability, and ease-of-synthesis of these thin graphite layers in large volumes, coupled with their remarkable electrical properties, present a novel approach for adopting them in designs of low-cost and high-performance sensors, foldable electronics, and microfluidics, paving the way for an electronics industry that can meet the stipulations of many more products.
A Format-compatible Searchable Encryption Scheme for JPEG Images Using Bag-of-words
Authors: Xia Zhihua , Ji Qiuju , Gu Qi , Yuan Chengsheng , Xiao Fengjun
Published: March 2022

The development of cloud computing attracts enterprises and individuals to outsource their data, such as images, to the cloud server. However, direct outsourcing causes the extensive concern of privacy leakage, as images often contain rich sensitive information. A straightforward way to protect privacy is to encrypt the images using the standard cryptographic tools before outsourcing. However, in such a way the possible usage of the outsourced images would be strongly limited together with the services provided to users, like the Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). In this article, we propose a secure outsourced CBIR scheme, in which an encryption scheme is designed for the widely used JPEG-format images, and the secure features can be directly extracted from such encrypted images. Specifically, the JPEG images are encrypted by the block permutation, intra-block permutation, polyalphabetic cipher, and stream cipher. Then secure local histograms are extracted from the encrypted DCT blocks and the Bag-Of-Words (BOW) model is further used to organize the encrypted local features to represent the image. The proposed image encryption gets all of the image data protected and the experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves improved accuracy with a small file size expansion.
An Intelligent Telugu Handwritten Character Recognition Using Multi-Objective Mayfly Optimization with Deep Learning–Based DenseNet Model
Authors: Sonthi Vijaya Krishna , S Nagarajan , N Krishnaraj
Published: March 2022

The handwritten character recognition process has gained significant attention among research communities due to its application in assistive technologies for visually impaired people, human–robot interaction, automated registry for business documents, and so on. Handwritten character recognition of the Telugu language is difficult owing to the absence of a massive dataset and a trained convolutional neural network (CNN). This article introduces an intelligent Telugu character recognition process using a multi-objective mayfly optimization with deep learning (MOMFO-DL) model. The proposed MOMFO-DL technique involves the DenseNet-169 model as a feature extractor to generate a useful set of feature vectors. A functional link neural network (FLNN) is used as a classification model to recognize and classify the printer characters. The design of the MOMFO technique for the parameter optimization of the DenseNet model and FLNN model shows the novelty of the work. The use of MOMFO technique helps to optimally tune the parameters in such a way that the overall performance can be improved. The extensive experimental analysis takes place on benchmark datasets and the outcomes are examined with respect to different measures. The experimental results pointed out the supremacy of the MOMFO technique over the recent state-of-the-art methods.
Icon Art Design Language Combined with Real-time Intelligent Image Processing under Internet of Things
Authors: Gao Yang
Published: March 2022

While providing massive information, the intelligent media Internet of Things (IoT) also poses challenges to the overall environment and the development of modern market economy. The employment of enterprises and people is still facing great difficulties, and the world economic situation is still complicated and severe. In addition, there are many design resources for icon art design on the Internet, and with different design styles, the demand for icon design is also increasing. The biggest difference between icons and ordinary pictures is that icons can convey the characteristics and meaning of pictures faster. The Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) technology in intelligent image processing and the TensorFlow learning framework are used to build and improve the icon generation network to simplify the icon design process. Computers are used in place of designers for icon art design. Firstly, the related technical background of icon generation network implementation is drawn through the introduction of related concepts of intelligent image processing. Secondly, Python is used to process the established icon dataset. Finally, the icon generation network is improved. The model training results show that the icon generation network has a peak feature loss value of 9.0 and an average error of 8.0. After the color label is added, the effect is significantly improved. The improved icon generation network has a peak feature loss of 7.0 and an average error of 6.0. The results show that after the color labels are added, the improved GAN model has a very high recognition rate for artistic icons. The improved network model also distinguishes the newly generated icons from the original ones. The comprehensive application effect of the model is good. This provides specific application and reference value for the intelligent development of the IoT.
Toward Quality of Information Aware Distributed Machine Learning
Authors: Xiao Houping , Wang Shiyu
Published: March 2022

In the era of big data, data are usually distributed across numerous connected computing and storage units (i.e., nodes or workers). Under such an environment, many machine learning problems can be reformulated as a
consensus optimization
problem, which consists of one objective and constraint terms splitting into N parts (each corresponds to a node). Such a problem can be solved efficiently in a distributed manner via Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (
ADMM
). However, existing consensus optimization frameworks assume that every node has the same
quality of information (QoI)
, i.e., the data from all the nodes are equally informative for the estimation of global model parameters. As a consequence, they may lead to inaccurate estimates in the presence of nodes with low QoI. To overcome this challenge, in this article, we propose a novel consensus optimization framework for distributed machine-learning that incorporates the crucial metric, QoI. Theoretically, we prove that the convergence rate of the proposed framework is linear to the number of iterations, but has a tighter upper bound compared with
ADMM
. Experimentally, we show that the proposed framework is more efficient and effective than existing
ADMM
-based solutions on both synthetic and real-world datasets due to its faster convergence rate and higher accuracy.
Influence of Nonspecific Interactions on Protein Associations: Implications for Biochemistry In Vivo
Authors: Rivas Germán , Minton Allen P.
Published: March 2022

The cellular interior is composed of a variety of microenvironments defined by distinct local compositions and composition-dependent intermolecular interactions. We review the various types of nonspecific interactions between proteins and between proteins and other macromolecules and supramolecular structures that influence the state of association and functional properties of a given protein existing within a particular microenvironment at a particular point in time. The present state of knowledge is summarized, and suggestions for fruitful directions of research are offered.
The Structural Dynamics of Translation
Authors: Korostelev Andrei A.
Published: March 2022

Accurate protein synthesis (translation) relies on translation factors that rectify ribosome fluctuations into a unidirectional process. Understanding this process requires structural characterization of the ribosome and translation-factor dynamics. In the 2000s, crystallographic studies determined high-resolution structures of ribosomes stalled with translation factors, providing a starting point for visualizing translation. Recent progress in single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has enabled near-atomic resolution of numerous structures sampled in heterogeneous complexes (ensembles). Ensemble and time-resolved cryo-EM have now revealed unprecedented views of ribosome transitions in the three principal stages of translation: initiation, elongation, and termination. This review focuses on how translation factors help achieve high accuracy and efficiency of translation by monitoring distinct ribosome conformations and by differentially shifting the equilibria of ribosome rearrangements for cognate and near-cognate substrates.
Predictive Analysis and Simulation of College Sports Performance Fused with Adaptive Federated Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Sun Wei
Published: March 2022

With the widespread use of intelligent teaching, data containing student performance information continues to emerge, and artificial intelligence technology based on big data has made a qualitative leap. At present, the prediction of college students’ sports performance is only based on the past performance, and it does not reflect the student’s training effect very well. In order to solve these problems, this paper puts forward the analysis and simulation of college sports performance fusion with adaptive federated deep learning algorithm, aiming to study the influencing factors of student sports performance and suggestions for improvement. This paper uses an adaptive federated learning method and a personalized federated learning algorithm based on deep learning and then proposes a student performance prediction method. These methods integrate the quantitative methods of motor skill assessment and establish standards for college students, which are good standards for evaluating college students’ sports skills. This paper adopts the performance prediction framework and then establishes the sports performance prediction model. Through the analysis of sports performance analysis examples, it is concluded that the model proposed in this paper can accurately predict the student’s sports performance, and the average accuracy rate of each sports item has reached 91.7%.
Some New Results on Trans‐Sasakian Manifolds
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Yan
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we classify trans‐Sasakian manifolds which are realized as real hypersurfaces in a complex space form. We also investigate trans‐Sasakian manifolds whose Reeb vector fields are harmonic‐Killing. The above results bring some new characterizations for the property of trans‐Sasakian 3‐manifolds.
Pest Identification and Counting of Yellow Plate in Field Based on Improved Mask R‐CNN
Authors: Rong Minxi , Wang Zhizheng , Ban Bin , Guo Xiaoli
Published: March 2022

Insect identification is the basis of insect research and disaster control and is of great importance for the design of pest control strategies and the protection of beneficial insects. Due to human subjective limitations and the small size and uneven distribution of pests, traditional methods of distinguishing and counting pest types based on experience cannot quickly and accurately detect and identify pests. Therefore, this paper proposes an object detection algorithm based on the improved Mask R‐CNN model, aiming to improve the accuracy and efficiency in pest identification and counting. The algorithm improves the FPN structure in the feature extraction network and increases the weight coefficient when fusing feature layers of different scales. Based on the task of target detection and recognition, weight coefficient is adjusted to a proper parameter so that the semantic information and positioning information can be made full use to achieve more accurate recognition and positioning. The results of the experimental analysis of 1000 sample images show that the improved Mask R‐CNN model has a recognition and detection accuracy of 99.4%, which is 2.7% higher than that of the unimproved Mask R‐CNN model. The main contribution of this method is to improve the detection speed, and at the same time, the recognition accuracy has been significantly improved. This algorithm provides technical support for pest detection in the agricultural field and makes a contribution to the intellectualization of agricultural management.
Research on College English Teaching Evaluation System Based on Mobile Terminal
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Xu Mo
Published: March 2022

The  21st century is the era of information technology, and the rapid development of information technology has had a huge impact on educational technology. With the popularity of mobile terminals in recent years, the development of mobile learning will promote changes in the way teaching, learning, and assessment are conducted. Traditional teaching evaluation methods focus on summative evaluation, although process evaluation is also involved, although it is limited by time and assessment recording means and does not achieve the purpose of evaluation well. In this study, we conduct a research on the evaluation system of secondary school chemistry classroom teaching based on mobile terminals and construct an evaluation index system of English teaching in colleges and universities based on mobile terminals, hoping to have some practical significance to the reform of teaching evaluation nowadays. The system uses the WeChat applet framework, the WeChat Web developer tool to output and display the front-end interface, and the Model-View-Controller framework development model to complete the invocation of the backend data. The results show that both students and teachers can access the assessment system through the WeChat applet and complete the teaching assessment and view the assessment results.
Deep Learning Based Purchase Forecasting for Food Producer-Retailer Team Merchandising
Authors: Kao Chang-Yi , Chueh Hao-En
Published: March 2022

Expired foods turning into waste has always been an important issue. In Taiwan, more than 36,000 metric tons of unopened expired food, worth more than $130 million, are thrown away from retail stores as waste each year. Insufficient inventory results in the loss of business prospects for retailers, whilst excessive inventory results in abandoned merchandise. Foods with a short shelf life are particularly vulnerable. Typically, food producer and retailer would form team merchandising (MD). The team MD mechanism is responsible for ensuring safety and quality, not for forecasting demand. This study uses artificial neural networks (ANNs) to analyze sales data to forecasting purchase volume in response to changes in store environment, weather, events, and consumer attributes. The study object is a sort of cream puff with a short shelf life cobranded by a retailer. According to the experimental results, the adopted proposed model in this study effectively reduces the error in purchasing; the mean-square percentage error (MSPE) of the forecast values is less than 6%. The importance of this study is on promoting the team MD’s green energy management capabilities in food production and verifiably achieving the goal of environmental sustainability.
With or without Emoji? Perceptions about Emoji Use in Different Brand-Consumer Communication Contexts
Authors: Cavalheiro Bernardo P. , Prada Marília , Rodrigues David L. , Garrido Margarida V. , Lopes Diniz
Published: March 2022

Brands are increasingly using emoji in their computer-mediated communication (CMC). However, research on how consumers perceive such use, and the determinants of those perceptions, is scarce and results may be inconsistent. In a cross-sectional study (

N
=
540

) we examined how appropriate participants considered to be the use of emoji by brands, across five brand-consumer communication contexts. We additionally examined whether these perceptions were determined by demographic and individual variables (e.g., gender and frequency of emoji use), as well as individual views about emoji use in written CMC. Overall, perceptions toward the use of emoji by brands depended on the context, with participants considering more appropriate for brands to use emoji when publicizing on social media and less appropriate when making callbacks of defective products. Results further showed that such perceptions were more favorable among younger participants and those who used emoji more frequently, but also among those who considered emoji use more useful and formal. These findings contribute to the CMC field by highlighting how perceptions of emoji use by brands are shaped, while also informing how brands can enhance CMC with consumers.
Local RBF‐FD‐Based Mesh‐free Scheme for Singularly Perturbed Convection‐Diffusion‐Reaction Models with Variable Coefficients
Authors: Jiwari Ram , Singh Sukhveer , Singh Paramjeet
Published: March 2022

This work analyze singularly perturbed convection‐diffusion‐reaction (CDR) models with two parameters and variable coefficients by developing a mesh‐free scheme based on local radial basis function‐finite difference (LRBF‐FD) approximation. In the evolvement of the scheme, time derivative is discretized by forward finite difference. After that, LRBF‐FD approximation is used for spatial discretization, and we obtained a system of linear equations. Then, the obtained linear system is solved by LU decomposition method in MATLAB. For numerical simulation, four singularly perturbed models are pondered to check the efficiency and chastity of the proposed scheme.
Optimal Loading Height: A Practical Research of Drop Jump from Biomechanics
Authors: Tong Zehao , Chen Wenjia , Xu Hang , Zhai Feng
Published: March 2022

Plyometrics training is paid great attention by coaches and researchers because of its significant effect on the level of lower limb explosive athletes. Many coaches and reseachers use the biomechanical methods to determine optimal loading height for drop jump. The researchers’ findings in determining optimal loading height were highly biased and were not applied effectively to training practices. This paper reviews the development process of optimal loading height in deep-jump training, combs the relevant concepts and biomechanical mechanisms of optimal loading height in deep-jump training, and looks forward to the future research.