bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antiseizure medication and perceived “fair” cost allocation: A factorial survey among neurologists, persons with epilepsy, their relatives, and a control group
Authors: Stritzelberger Jenny , Walther Katrin , Olmes David , Gollwitzer Stefanie , Graf Wolfgang , Welte Tamara M. , Lang Johannes D. , Reindl Caroline , Schwab Stefan , Kriwy Peter , Hamer Hajo M.
Published: July 2022

Objective

Because resources are limited in modern health care systems, the decision on the allocation of expensive drugs can be supported by a public consent. This study examines how various factors influence subjectively perceived “fair” pricing of antiseizure medication (ASM) among four groups including physicians, persons with epilepsy (PWEs), their relatives, and a control group.

Methods

We conducted a factorial survey. Vignettes featured a fictional PWE receiving a fictional ASM. The characteristics of the fictional PWE, ASM, and epilepsy varied. Participants were asked to assess the subjectively appropriate annual cost of ASM treatment per year for each scenario.

Results

Fifty‐seven PWEs (mean age (SD) 37.7 ± 12.3, 45.6% female), 44 relatives (age 48.4 ± 15.7, 51.1% female), 46 neurologists (age 37.1 ± 9.6, 65.2% female), and 47 persons in the control group (age 31.2 ± 11.2, 68.1% female) completed the questionnaire. The amount of money that respondents were willing to spend for ASM treatment was higher than currently needed in Germany and increased with disease severity among all groups. All groups except for PWEs accepted higher costs of a drug with better seizure control. Physicians and the control group, but not PWEs and their relatives, tended to do so also for minor or no side effects. Physicians reduced the costs for unemployed patients and the control group spent less money for older patients.

Significance

ASM effectiveness appears to justify higher costs. However, the control group attributed less money to older PWEs and physicians allocated fewer drug costs to unemployed PWEs.
Atrophy of the hippocampal CA1 subfield relates to long‐term forgetting in focal epilepsy
Authors: Mukaino Takahiko , Uehara Taira , Yokohama Jun , Okadome Toshiki , Arakawa Tomomi , Yokoyama Setsu , Sakata Ayumi , Takase Kei‐ichiro , Togao Osamu , Akamatsu Naoki , Shigeto Hiroshi , Isobe Noriko , Kira Jun‐ichi
Published: July 2022

Objective

The mechanisms underlying accelerated long‐term forgetting (ALF) in patients with epilepsy are still under investigation. We examined the contribution of hippocampal subfields and their morphology to long‐term memory performance in patients with focal epilepsy.

Methods

We prospectively assessed long‐term memory and performed magnetic resonance imaging in 80 patients with focal epilepsy (61 with temporal lobe epilepsy and 19 with extratemporal lobe epilepsy) and 30 healthy controls. The patients also underwent electroencephalography recording. Verbal and visuospatial memory was tested 30 s, 10 min, and 1 week after learning. We assessed the volumes of the whole hippocampus and seven subfields and deformation of the hippocampal shape. The contributions of the hippocampal volumes and shape deformation to long‐term forgetting, controlling for confounding factors, including the presence of interictal epileptiform discharges, were assessed by multiple regression analyses.

Results

Patients with focal epilepsy had lower intelligence quotients and route recall scores at 10 min than controls. The focal epilepsy group had smaller volumes of both the right and left hippocampal tails than the control group, but there were no statistically significant group differences for the volumes of the whole hippocampus or other hippocampal subfields. Multiple regression analyses showed a significant association between the left CA1 volume and the 1‐week story retention (β = 7.76; Bonferroni‐corrected p = 0.044), but this was not found for the whole hippocampus or other subfield volumes. Hippocampal shape analyses revealed that atrophy of the superior‐lateral, superior‐central, and inferior‐medial regions of the left hippocampus, corresponding to CA1 and CA2/3, was associated with the verbal retention rate.

Significance

Our results suggest that atrophy of the hippocampal CA1 region and its associated structures disrupts long‐term memory consolidation in focal epilepsy. Neuronal cell loss in specific hippocampal subfields could be a key underlying cause of ALF in patients with epilepsy.
The globalization of production, national labour regulations and income inequality in the global North and South, 1980–2013
Authors: Roberts Anthony , Tran Thai Binh
Published: July 2022

A central concern over global value chains (GVCs) is whether the integration of national firms into GVCs exacerbates income inequality within countries. However, despite decades of research, the distributional consequences of GVCs remain unclear in the empirical literature. Drawing on panel data from 96 countries between 1980 and 2013, we examine the effects of GVC integration on market income inequality and whether national labour regulations moderate these effects. We find integration increases inequality in the global North and South. More importantly, we find labour regulations amplify the inequality effects of integration in Southern countries by expanding the size of the informal sector while suppressing these effects in Northern countries by promoting unionization. This suggests institutional power from national labour regulations may enhance the bargaining power of labour in the North through increasing collective resources while disempowering labour in the South through reinforcing labour market segmentation between formal and informal sectors.
Impact of empathy with nature on pro‐environmental behaviour
Authors: Wang Litong , Sheng Guanghua , She Shengxiang , Xu Jiaqi
Published: July 2022

Existing studies show the role of empathy with nature in improving attitudes toward the environment. This article demonstrates that induced empathy with nature can improve environmental behaviours and commitments. We find that environmental commitment and behaviour are positively affected by empathy with nature and establish a causal model between empathy with nature and pro‐environmental behaviour. We further investigate the relationship between self‐construal (interdependent or independent), empathy with nature (existing or non‐existing) and pro‐environmental behaviour. The results indicate that participants who have empathy with nature display stronger pro‐environmental behaviour, particularly in the private domain. Commitment to the environment plays a mediating role in this relationship and self‐construal plays a moderating role. Specifically, for individuals with interdependent self‐construal, empathy with nature promotes pro‐environmental behaviour, whereas for individuals with independent self‐construal, empathy with nature has no statistically significant effect on pro‐environmental behaviour.
Exposing the grey wolf, moth‐flame, whale, firefly, bat, and antlion algorithms: six misleading optimization techniques inspired bybestialmetaphors
Authors: Camacho‐Villalón Christian L. , Dorigo Marco , Stützle Thomas
Published: July 2022

We present a rigorous, component‐based analysis of six widespread metaphor‐based algorithms for tackling continuous optimization problems. In addition to deconstructing the six algorithms into their components and relating them with equivalent components proposed in well‐established techniques, such asparticle swarm optimizationandevolutionary algorithms, we analyze the use of the metaphors that inspired these algorithms to understand whether their usage has brought any novel and useful concepts to the field of metaheuristics. Our result is that the ideas proposed in the six studied algorithms have been in the literature of metaheuristics for years and that the only novelty in these self‐proclaimednovelalgorithms is six different terminologies derived from the use of new metaphors. We discuss the reasons why the metaphors that inspired these algorithms are misleading and ultimately useless as a source of inspiration to design effective optimization tools. Finally, we discuss the rationale often presented by the authors of metaphor‐based algorithms as their motivation to propose more algorithms of this type, which is based on a wrong understanding of the no‐free‐lunch theorems for optimization.
An analysis of price strategies with price matching in the presence of showrooming
Authors: Zeng Yuwen , Hou Wenhua
Published: July 2022

With multi‐channel retail competition, some offline retailers implement price matching services to combat consumers’ showrooming behavior. With this service, offline retailers cut their prices to match the online price if it is lower. In this paper, we establish a game model that involves an offline and online retailer in the presence of showrooming to analyze the impact of price matching. Specifically, we capture consumers’ uncertainty of product value and heterogeneous awareness of price matching and assume that the online retailer provides a free return policy. The results indicate that price matching alleviates showrooming and relaxes competition. Moreover, we find that the online retailer adopts a randomized pricing strategy if the offline visiting cost is moderate. We further show that the price matching strategy does not necessarily benefit offline retailers and hurt online retailers. Subsequently, we identify the offline retailers’ optimal conditions for implementing price matching.
Effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride on antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against E. coli O157:H7
Authors: Yoon Joon Young , Yeom Woorim , Kim Hoikyung , Beuchat Larry R. , Ryu Jee-Hoon
Published: July 2022

Aim

This study was done to determine the effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride (NaCl) on antimicrobial activity of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NPs) against E. coli O157:H7.

Methods and results

Culture conditions were established by varying the pH (5.0, 7.2 and 9.0), NaCl concentration (0.5, 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0%, w/v), and incubation temperatures (4, 12, 22 and 37°C). At each condition, the antimicrobial activities of MgO-NPs (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/ml) against E. coli O157:H7 were measured. Four-way analysis of variance indicated interactions among all factors had a significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on the antimicrobial activity of MgO-NPs. The concentration of MgO-NPs necessary to cause a 5-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 under the most inhibitory conditions (37°C, pH 9.0, and 5.0% NaCl) was 0.50 mg/ml of MgO-NPs.

Conclusion

The antimicrobial activity of the MgO-NPs increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with increased temperature, pH and NaCl concentration in TSB.

Significance and impact of the study

The influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on antimicrobial activity of MgO-NPs we found will contribute to the development of microbial decontamination strategies using MgO in the food industry.
Nurse preceptors' orientation competence and associated factors—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pohjamies Netta , Haapa Toni , Kääriäinen Maria , Mikkonen Kristina
Published: July 2022

Aims

To identify distinct orientation competence profiles amongst nurse preceptors and explain the associated factors.

Design

A cross‐sectional study design.

Methods

The data were collected during the winter of 2020–2021 from registered nurses (N = 8279, n = 844) at one university hospital in Finland through an online questionnaire that included a self‐administered electronic version of the Preceptors' Orientation Competence Instrument. K‐means clustering was then used to identify nurse preceptor profiles. Chi‐square, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used to analyse factors associated with competence profiles. The results were reported as frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation.

Results

A total of three distinct orientation competence profiles (A, B, C) were identified. Profile A nurses evaluated their orientation competence at the highest level, whereas profile C nurses evaluated their competence at the lowest level. Sufficient clinical and theoretical experience, a motivation to work, willingness to orient new employees and participation in orientation and/or mentoring education were found to be associated with competence profiles.

Conclusion

The findings expand the current knowledge base of nurse preceptors' orientation competence. Health care organizations should recognize different orientation competence profiles amongst the nursing staff since the selection of a preceptor should always be based on possessing the necessary orientation competence rather than availability. The results indicate that preceptors (who reported taking on various tasks and covering multiple roles) need support from co‐workers to sufficiently concentrate on employee orientation tasks. The results also indicate that preceptors need further orientation education, which should—for example—outline the learning goals for new employees and how preceptors can assess employee performance.

Impact

What problem did the study address?

Prior research has not applied a robust theoretical framework covering all aspects relevant to a preceptor's competence.

What were the main findings?

A nurse's clinical and theoretical experience, motivation to work, willingness to orient new employees, and prior participation in orientation and/or student mentoring education were found to influence their level of orientation competence.

Where and on whom will the research have an impact?

Healthcare organizations can use the results of this study to make the selection of preceptors competency‐based rather than their availability.

Nurse leaders can use the results of this study to pinpoint which areas of nurses' orientation competence and associated factors need to be improved.

Increased orientation competence will enable clinical nurses to provide high‐quality orientation to new employees, which is crucial to the retention of nursing staff and the quality of patient care.
The catharsis of male consumption: Reimagining masculinity in India
Authors: Das Arindam , Roy Chaudhuri Himadri , Goswami Paromita
Published: July 2022

Research on alternate masculinity from India that emphasize consumption and consequent subjective well‐being (SWB) is primarily about gay men. However, our research points to different marginal masculinity, alternate consumption, and consecutive SWB. The present study uses in‐depth interview methods to uncover the “marginal” masculinity of a group of urban, upper‐middle‐class, heterosexual Indian men. We probe their consumption as a part of their identity project referred to as cathartic. Such consumption leads to a sense of high subjective consumer well‐being amidst an otherwise patriarchally defined Indian consumptionscape. This almost fledgling group of men relates itself to the shifting world order of normative masculinity, denounces the patriarchal norms, betrays the cause of male privilege, empathetically responds to the paradigms of femininity, accepts the fall of hegemonic forms of masculinity, and is sensitive toward “others” and ecological/sustainability issues. We further argue that this “cathartic masculinity,” as evident through their consumption, may impact the fledging gender‐fluid marketplace of tomorrow.
Pediatric obesity—Long‐term consequences and effect of weight loss
Authors: Marcus Claude , Danielsson Pernilla , Hagman Emilia
Published: July 2022

Childhood obesity is, according to the WHO, one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century. More than 100 million children have obesity today. Already during childhood, almost all organs are at risk of being affected by obesity. In this review, we present the current knowledge about diseases associated with childhood obesity and how they are affected by weight loss. One major causative factor is obesity‐induced low‐grade chronic inflammation, which can be observed already in preschool children. This inflammation—together with endocrine, paracrine, and metabolic effects of obesity—increases the long‐term risk for several severe diseases. Type 2 diabetes is increasingly prevalent in adolescents and young adults who have had obesity during childhood. When it is diagnosed in young individuals, the morbidity and mortality rate is higher than when it occurs later in life, and more dangerous than type 1 diabetes. Childhood obesity also increases the risk for several autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, arthritis, and type 1 diabetes and it is well established that childhood obesity also increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. Consequently, childhood obesity increases the risk for premature mortality, and the mortality rate is three times higher already before 30 years of age compared with the normal population. The risks associated with childhood obesity are modified by weight loss. However, the risk reduction is affected by the age at which weight loss occurs. In general, early weight loss—that is, before puberty—is more beneficial, but there are marked disease‐specific differences.
Oral Health Literacy, Sense of Coherence and Associations With Poor School Performance
Authors: Mialhe Fábio L. , de Oliveira Júnior Alcir J. , Junior Manoelito F. S. , Jamieson Lisa , Neiva Andréa , Soares Gustavo H.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to investigate the associations of oral health literacy (OHL), sense of coherence (SOC) and other covariates with self‐reported school performance (SRSP) in adolescents enrolled in public schools in Brazil.

METHODS

This was a cross‐sectional study conducted with adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years enrolled in 6 public schools in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Researchers carried out data collection at schools using a self‐administered structured questionnaire. The dependent variable was SRSP. The explanatory factors included were sociodemographic characteristics, OHL, SOC, self‐rated oral health, health behaviors, and experience of bullying. Analyses included simple and multiple logistic regression models.

RESULTS

The final sample consisted of 385 adolescents with a mean age of 16 years. Poor school performance was associated (95%CI) with being male, with more than 1 sibling, individual whose last visit to the dentist was due to dental pain, with a lower level of OHL and SOC.

CONCLUSIONS

OHL and SOC were important factors associated with SRSP performance together with other sociodemographic and oral health‐related variables in high school students. Our findings reinforce the importance of intersectoral actions between the health and education sectors to promote better school performance among adolescents, including actions to improve OHL and SOC.
Implementation of the ‘PicNic’ handover huddle: A quality improvement project to improve the transition of infants between paediatric and neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Barzegar Rebecca , Martin Bianca , Fleming Glenda , Jatana Vishal , Popat Himanshu
Published: July 2022

Aims

Thorough handover and effective communication are crucial to the transfer of clinical information between different intensive care units. Following a sentinel patient safety event, an improvement project was initiated to reduce patient safety risks associated with the transfer of complex patients between the neonatal and paediatric intensive care.

Methods

A handover tool was implemented over a 4‐month period, guiding handover through means of a handover huddle. The tool ensured a full ISBAR (Introduction, Situation, Background, Assessment, Response) handover, with a specified attendance register. It acknowledged specific safety points inclusive of outstanding investigations, procedural history and medication transcription. Post implementation, huddle checklist sheets were audited for compliance and a staff satisfaction survey was conducted.

Results

Thirty‐nine handovers took place during this trial period, of which 69% were captured in the huddle process. Senior medical and nursing staff attendance was greater than 95% throughout the process, and 100% of huddles attended to a full ISBAR handover. Sixty staff satisfaction survey responses were received, 90% of which identified the process to improve the safety of patient handover. Responses also identified safety issues such as discontinuity of medication transcription between the units, and inappropriate patient transfers occurring outside of working hours. Qualitative feedback highlighted how the tool improved interdepartmental educational and collaboration opportunities.

Conclusions

The ‘PicNic’ huddle effectively facilitated a standardised handover between paediatric and neonatal intensive care. It also recognised the importance of interdepartmental collaboration and education surrounding culturally different clinical practices. Further improvement cycles continue to progress the tool and initiate a digital format for ongoing use.
Sticking to the trail: Seed rain, seed bank and seedling density are elevated along hiking trails in the Scandes mountains
Authors: Jolivet Anaïs , MacDougald Aidan Cameron , Graae Bente Jessen , Klanderud Kari , Wedegärtner Ronja Elisabeth Magdalene
Published: July 2022

Aims

Plant species' distribution ranges are expected to shift towards previously uncolonized locations in response to climate warming. Mountain trails, which often access to areas of special ecological value as well as remote and climatically extreme locations, could influence such shifts through changes in dispersal and disturbance. Trails may facilitate the dispersal of propagules to new locations, influence the seed bank by changing propagule input and persistence and change establishment success through the creation of gaps and disruption of biotic interactions. However, knowledge regarding the influence of mountain trails on seed rain, seed bank abundance and seedling emergence in alpine ecosystems is lacking. In this study, we examine the influence of hiking trails on dispersal patterns in mountain ecosystems.

Location

Dovrefjell, Scandes mountains, Norway.

Methods

We surveyed seed rain, seed bank abundance and seedling emergence along four hiking trails spanning climate gradients with a mean 2.5°C difference between warmest and coldest location at four elevations per trail and at 0.5, 7 and 17 m from the trail (48 plots, in 16 transects).

Results

Seed rain was 3.4 times higher in trailside plots than in those 17 m away and declined with colder climate at all distances from trails. Seed bank abundance on trailsides at the warmest location was eight times higher than in plots at 17 m distance, while there was no significant difference at colder locations. Seedling establishment was disturbance‐driven along the whole climate gradient, with 3.5 times more seedlings on trailsides than at 17 m distance.

Conclusion

Mountain trails have the potential to facilitate vegetation shifts by capturing more seed rain and creating opportunities for seedling establishment. Our findings highlight the importance of including trail effects in studies of vegetation shifts.
The effects of chronic migraine on labour productivity: Evidence from Italy
Authors: Rondinella Sandro , Silipo Damiano B.
Published: July 2022

We use the Italian Statistical Institute survey that comprises about 80,000 questionnaires representative of the overall population between 15 and 90 years old to estimate the impact of chronic migraine on absenteeism and labour productivity. Using an ordinary least squares method to determine the direct effect of chronic migraine on labour productivity, we show that a 10 per cent increase in the number of people with chronic migraine increases absenteeism by 11 per cent and reduces labour productivity by 1.1 per cent per year. However, the effects of chronic migraine on absenteeism and labour productivity vary substantially between regions and sectors. Also, the comorbidity of chronic migraine with other illnesses, especially psychological illnesses, contributes to decreasing labour productivity. Most important, the results obtained at the micro level are similar and even more robust at the macro level. The results refer to a specific country, but we claim they can apply to other countries.
Characterizing the degree of aqueous alteration in a fresh sample of Mukundpura CM chondrite fall using ATR‐FTIR and TGA
Authors: Dixit A. , Tripathi R. P. , Kumar Sudhanshu , Ansari Mohd. Azaj , Sreenivas K.
Published: July 2022

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements on immediately collected Mukundpura show the typical feature for phyllosilicates around 10 μm, corresponding to Si‐O stretching mode in silicate, and its broadness signifies the amorphous or poorly crystalline silicates. The absence of the 11.2 μm feature (a characteristic of anhydrous silicate olivine) and the weight loss observed in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) imply aggressive aqueous alteration, which resulted in phyllosilicate formation at the expense of primary anhydrous silicates. It is consistent with Mössbauer spectra, showing the presence of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ in phyllosilicates, but no characteristic peak for olivine is observed, suggesting the major fraction of primary silicates are aggressively altered due to the presence of water on the parent body, and now major lithology must be highly altered. TGA measurements were carried on it (i) within 24 h and (ii) after 30 months of its fall. In both cases, the weight loss was ∼10% in the 400–770 °C temperature range, confirming the absence of any environmental impact on the water bound to the hydrated clay in Mukundpura samples. Appreciable weight loss in 400–770 °C indicated the presence of hydrated clay that corroborated FTIR measurements and ruled out any thermal event suffered by its postaqueous alteration, consistent with amorphous or poorly crystalline silicate phase observed in FTIR. When we couple the results of the present study and already reported results by our group on the same Mukundpura fragment, it is inferred that our sample has suffered a very high degree of aqueous alteration on the parent body. The fingerprint ratios, which are extensively used to correlate or assign petrological subgroup, are FeO/SiO2, hydrous silicate/anhydrous silicates, and MgO/FeO, which are either considered alone or in combination, and for Mukundpura, the values for these ratios are 1.05, 7.2, and ∼0.60, respectively. These values indicate that the major lithology of Mukundpura fresh fragment must be assigned as CM2.1.
Repair of Bilateral Quadriceps Tendon Rupture Using a Modified Knotless Suture Anchor and Internal Brace Technique: Surgical Technique and Case Report
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Huang Daoqiang , Feng Weili , Wu Weiwei , Huang Jian , Chen Luyao , Tu Yumin
Published: July 2022

Background

Quadriceps tendon rupture (QTR) is a rare clinical condition often caused by indirect injury in healthy people. In addition, spontaneous and bilateral ruptures can occur in patients with predisposing factors, such as endocrine or rheumatic disease. Currently, several QTR repair techniques have been proposed; however, no consensus exists about the best repair technique.

Case Presentations

A 55‐year‐old man with renal failure secondary to glomerulonephritis suffered from spontaneous bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures. Based on a knotless suture anchor and internal brace, a novel double‐row suture‐bridge configuration surgical approach was used to treat the patient. At 11‐month follow‐up, the patient maintained excellent function, with a Lysholm score of 91 for both knees.

Conclusions

This technique may be an effective method for repairing ruptured quadriceps tendons.
Distributional national accounts for the Netherlands and a comparison with 12 other countries
Authors: Bruil Arjan
Published: July 2022

Most inequality studies rely on micro data that do not capture a substantial share of income identified in the national accounts. In the Netherlands, almost one fifth of household disposable income is missed by current inequality statistics. In this paper, we present inequality statistics for the Netherlands that capture all of household income, so‐called distributional national accounts. Compared to the current inequality statistics, the Gini coefficient for disposable income increases substantially from 0.289 to 0.337. Cross‐country comparisons show that such a change between Gini coefficients based on micro‐data versus Gini coefficients based on distributional national accounts does not apply to all countries. The difference between both Gini coefficients varies not only between countries in the size, but also in the sign of the difference.
Cryoprecipitated anti‐hemophiliac factor manufactured from plasma frozen within 24 h after phlebotomy meets AABB quality standards
Authors: Lokhandwala Parvez M. , Young Pampee P. , White Jennifer , Brown Bethany L.
Published: July 2022

Background

Cryoprecipitated antihemophiliac factor (CryoAHF) manufacturing in the US has not kept pace with the increasing demand for hospital transfusion services. Association for Advancement of Blood and Biologics (AABB) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) require that CryoAHF be manufactured from fresh frozen plasma within 8 h (FFP). We evaluated whether CryoAHF manufactured from plasma frozen within 24 h (PF24) met regulatory quality control (QC) requirements to increase available plasma for CryoAHF.

Study Design and Methods

In a “worst‐case scenario” feasibility study, we produced 21 single units of CryoAHF from type‐O whole blood‐derived PF24 frozen between 20 and 24 h after collection. A follow‐up QC validation was conducted wherein 69 PF24 units across three sites were manufactured into CryoAHF. Factor VIII (FVIII) and fibrinogen levels were measured.

Results

CryoAHF manufactured in our feasibility study from PF24 contained FVIII levels of 208 ± 61 IU (mean ± SD) and 509 ± 152 mg of fibrinogen levels per unit. CryoAHF manufactured in our QC validation from PF24 yielded FVIII levels of 214 ± 58 IU and 607 ± 176 mg of fibrinogen levels per unit. The coagulation factor levels from each of the individual CryoAHF units exceeded the minimum AABB and FDA requirement of ≥80 IU of FVIII per unit and ≥150 mg of fibrinogen per unit. There was no decrease in FVIII or fibrinogen levels in CryoAHF produced from PF24 as compared to historic QC results of CryoAHF produced from FFP.

Conclusion

These studies demonstrated that CryoAHF produced from PF24 meets AABB and FDA QC requirements. FDA approved the American Red Cross request to manufacture CryoAHF singles and pools from PF24 as source material.
cuidado de Enfermería en cáncer infantil
Authors: Tovar Neira Leidy Andrea , Cacante Caballero Jasmin Viviana
Published: July 2022

Introducción: en Enfermería el reconocimiento de los patrones emancipatorio y sociopolítico en la práctica no es evidente. Esta identificación permite la cualificación del cuidado en áreas de gran complejidad como la oncológica, que afecta a población infantil y a sus familias. Objetivo: conocer el significado de los patrones de conocimiento sociopolítico y emancipatorio en los profesionales de Enfermería durante el cuidado de los niños con cáncer y sus familias. Metodología: estudio cualitativo etnográfico en el que se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a diez enfermeros con experiencias entre los seis meses y diecisiete años trabajando con población oncológica pediátrica. Y observaciones no participantes en dos instituciones de salud, una privada y otra pública. Los datos se estudiaron bajo el procedimiento de análisis propuesto por Michael Angrosino, que consta de las fases: gestión de datos, lectura general y clasificación de temas. Resultados: como producto del análisis de la información se establecieron tres grandes temas: contexto de cuidado; cuidado de enfermería; y expresiones de los patrones sociopolítico y emancipatorio en el cuidado. En la discusión se articularon los resultados con la teoría de Sistemas de Imogene King. Conclusiones: a partir de la interacción de los enfermeros con los pacientes y sus familias se logró identificar que estrategias como la educación, el seguimiento, la gestión de casos y de trámites administrativos son formas de fortalecer la gobernanza compartida y la equidad social, los cuales son índices de credibilidad de los patrones sociopolítico y emancipatorio.
Incidencia del COVID-19 y factores asociados
Authors: Wickert Daiana Cristina , Caetano da Silva Laís Mara , Gomes Ilha Aline , Piccin Catiele , Santos Malheiros Luiza Carolina , Almeida Santos Tissiane , De Lima Barroso Barbara Iansã , De Oliveira e Silva Ana Cristina
Published: July 2022

Introducción: el rastreo de casos a través de pruebas de detección de COVID-19 es indispensable para controlar/retardar la propagación de la enfermedad. Objetivo: identificar la incidencia del COVID-19 por medio de la positividad de las pruebas rápidas y factores asociados en la población del estado de Rio Grande del Sur, Brasil. Método: estudio transversal, desarrollado con 121.622 individuos notificados y residentes en el estado de Rio Grande del Sur, de marzo a junio de 2020, a partir de datos de dominio público. Para el análisis se consideraron los resultados positivos en las pruebas rápidas de COVID-19. Se realizaron análisis bivariados para identificar la asociación entre el resultado positivo en las pruebas rápidas y variables demográficas, clínicas y tiempo transcurrido entre el inicio de los síntomas y la realización de la prueba. Igualmente, se calcularon razones de probabilidad y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza a nivel de 95%, y el p-valor presentado a través del método de Wald. Resultados: predominio de individuos de sexo masculino, 51%; en la franja etaria de 20 a 39 años, 46,4%; y profesionales de la salud, 99,9 %. En lo que se refiere al tiempo transcurrido entre el comienzo de señales y síntomas clínicos y el diagnóstico, se observa que 61,7 % de los individuos que se practicaron la prueba con hasta 9 días del inicio de los síntomas presentaron un resultado positivo. Sexo, grupo etario y tiempo para la realización de la prueba se asociaron al resultado positivo para la prueba rápida de COVID-19. Conclusión: es importante minimizar los resultados de la prueba falso-positivos eligiendo un ensayo con alta especificidad y analizando poblaciones e individuos en el período oportuno.
Linear viscoelasticity of nanocolloidal suspensions from probe rheology molecular simulations
Authors: Sundaravadivelu Devarajan Dinesh , Khare Rajesh
Published: July 2022

We use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in conjunction with the probe rheology technique to investigate the linear viscoelasticity of nanocolloidal suspensions. A particulate model of the solvent is used in which the hydrodynamics is governed by interparticle interactions. Active and passive probe rheology molecular simulations are performed on the colloidal suspensions of different volume fractions ranging from 0.30 to 0.45 to determine the linear viscoelastic properties of these systems. The viscoelastic modulus of the suspensions is obtained by analyzing the probe motion using continuum mechanics. In active rheology, the distribution of colloid particles around the probe is observed to be symmetric indicating that the system is in the linear regime at all conditions investigated. In passive rheology, the mean-squared displacement of the probe covers the range of motion from ballistic to diffusive regimes. The dynamic modulus and the reduced complex viscosity values obtained from probe rheology simulations are in good agreement with the results from the oscillatory nonequilibrium MD (NEMD) simulations and the literature theoretical predictions. At low frequency values, accounting for artificial hydrodynamic interactions between the probe and its periodic images improves the quantitative accuracy of the modulus values obtained from simulations. Simulations carried out using probes of different sizes indicate that only the probes that are larger than the colloids yield viscoelastic modulus values that are in good agreement with the NEMD values at all volume fractions investigated.
An Individualized Coach Development Program for Older Adult Player-Coaches in a Masters Football League in Colombia
Authors: Belalcazar Catalina , Hernández Nariño Tarcisio , Callary Bettina
Published: July 2022

Coaches contribute toward helping older adults achieve quality sport experiences, but there are few resources grounded in adult-oriented psychosocial approaches from which they can learn. The purpose of this Participatory Action Research study was to facilitate a personalized professional development program for a Colombian football (soccer) league of older adult men using an evidence-based self-assessment tool for Masters coaches. Data were collected from 23 coaches, who were also players in the league, via interviews, workshops, and observations. Data were analyzed via reflective thematic analysis that aimed to understand coaches’ perceptions of how they learned through the workshops and how they implemented what they learned into their coaching. Findings indicate that personalized professional development enabled better structured leadership in the league, creating Quality Masters Sport Experiences.
Robot therapy pets get a starring role in
Lightyear
and in real life
Authors: Murphy Robin R.
Published: July 2022

Roboticists are working on real-world versions of Sox, a robot companion in
Lightyear
, to play therapeutic roles.
Histamine production by the gut microbiota induces visceral hyperalgesia through histamine 4 receptor signaling in mice
Authors: De Palma Giada , Shimbori Chiko , Reed David E. , Yu Yang , Rabbia Virginia , Lu Jun , Jimenez-Vargas Nestor , Sessenwein Jessica , Lopez-Lopez Cintya , Pigrau Marc , Jaramillo-Polanco Josue , Zhang Yong , Baerg Lauren , Manzar Ahmad , Pujo Julien , Bai Xiaopeng , Pinto-Sanchez Maria Ines , Caminero Alberto , Madsen Karen , Surette Michael G. , Beyak Michael , Lomax Alan E. , Verdu Elena F. , Collins Stephen M. , Vanner Stephen J. , Bercik Premysl
Published: July 2022

The gut microbiota has been implicated in chronic pain disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), yet specific pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. We showed that decreasing intake of fermentable carbohydrates improved abdominal pain in patients with IBS, and this was accompanied by changes in the gut microbiota and decreased urinary histamine concentrations. Here, we used germ-free mice colonized with fecal microbiota from patients with IBS to investigate the role of gut bacteria and the neuroactive mediator histamine in visceral hypersensitivity. Germ-free mice colonized with the fecal microbiota of patients with IBS who had high but not low urinary histamine developed visceral hyperalgesia and mast cell activation. When these mice were fed a diet with reduced fermentable carbohydrates, the animals showed a decrease in visceral hypersensitivity and mast cell accumulation in the colon. We observed that the fecal microbiota from patients with IBS with high but not low urinary histamine produced large amounts of histamine in vitro. We identified
Klebsiella aerogenes
, carrying a histidine decarboxylase gene variant, as a major producer of this histamine. This bacterial strain was highly abundant in the fecal microbiota of three independent cohorts of patients with IBS compared with healthy individuals. Pharmacological blockade of the histamine 4 receptor in vivo inhibited visceral hypersensitivity and decreased mast cell accumulation in the colon of germ-free mice colonized with the high histamine-producing IBS fecal microbiota. These results suggest that therapeutic strategies directed against bacterial histamine could help treat visceral hyperalgesia in a subset of patients with IBS with chronic abdominal pain.
SARS-CoV-2 S2–targeted vaccination elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Ng Kevin W. , Faulkner Nikhil , Finsterbusch Katja , Wu Mary , Harvey Ruth , Hussain Saira , Greco Maria , Liu Yafei , Kjaer Svend , Swanton Charles , Gandhi Sonia , Beale Rupert , Gamblin Steve J. , Cherepanov Peter , McCauley John , Daniels Rodney , Howell Michael , Arase Hisashi , Wack Andreas , Bauer David L.V. , Kassiotis George
Published: July 2022

Several variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although antibody cross-reactivity with the spike glycoproteins (S) of diverse coronaviruses, including endemic common cold coronaviruses (HCoVs), has been documented, it remains unclear whether such antibody responses, typically targeting the conserved S2 subunit, contribute to protection when induced by infection or through vaccination. Using a mouse model, we found that prior HCoV-OC43 S–targeted immunity primes neutralizing antibody responses to otherwise subimmunogenic SARS-CoV-2 S exposure and promotes S2-targeting antibody responses. Moreover, vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 S2 elicited antibodies in mice that neutralized diverse animal and human alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses in vitro and provided a degree of protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in vivo. Last, in mice with a history of SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan–based S vaccination, further S2 vaccination induced broader neutralizing antibody response than booster Wuhan S vaccination, suggesting that it may prevent repertoire focusing caused by repeated homologous vaccination. These data establish the protective value of an S2-targeting vaccine and support the notion that S2 vaccination may better prepare the immune system to respond to the changing nature of the S1 subunit in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, as well as to future coronavirus zoonoses.
Host Range Expansion of
Shigella
Phage Sf6 Evolves through Point Mutations in the Tailspike
Authors: Subramanian Sundharraman , Dover John A. , Parent Kristin N. , Doore Sarah M.
Published: July 2022

Viruses depend on host cells to propagate themselves. In mixed populations and communities of host cells, finding these susceptible host cells may have to be balanced with avoiding nonhost cells.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Psychrophilic Bacterium,
Pseudoalteromonas
sp. Strain APM04, Isolated from the Seafloor of the South Mariana Trough, Pacific Ocean
Authors: Taguchi Mahoko , Guo Yong , Nishizawa Tomoyasu , Chohnan Shigeru , Kurusu Yasurou
Published: July 2022

The complete genome sequence of
Pseudoalteromonas
sp. strain APM04, which is a psychrophilic bacterium that inhabits the seabed of the South Mariana Trough, Pacific Ocean, was determined to characterize the genetic features associated with evolution in extremophilic and oligotrophic deep seawater.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Non-Carbapenemase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Providencia rettgeri Strain Isolated from a Clinical Urine Sample in Arkansas
Authors: Udaondo Zulema , Abram Kaleb Z. , Gulley Trent , Garner Kelley , Shray Jennifer , Whisnant Mary , Harris-Spotts Ashley , Crawford Maui , Kothari Atul , Wongsurawat Thidathip , Moon Sun-Hee , Huang En , Jun Se-Ran
Published: July 2022

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Providencia rettgeri
isolate PROV_UAMS_01, which was recovered in 2021 from a urine sample from a hospitalized patient in Arkansas, USA. The genome sequence of
P. rettgeri
isolate PROV_UAMS_01 comprises a single chromosomal replicon with a G+C content of 40.51% and a total of 3,887 genes.
A Rosetta stone linking melt trajectories in the mantle to the stress field and lithological heterogeneities (Trinity ophiolite, California)
Authors: Ceuleneer Georges , Rospabé Mathieu , Chatelin Tom , Henry Hadrien , Tilhac Romain , Kaczmarek Mary-Alix , Sueur Elisabeth le
Published: July 2022

Infiltration triggered by selective dissolution of pyroxenes is a major mode of melt migration in the mantle. A common view, supported by experiments and numerical models, is that the geometry of the melt plumbing system is governed by the stress field induced by solid-state flow of the host peridotite. Yet, salient melt migration structures frozen at an early stage of development in the mantle section of the Trinity ophiolite reveal that lithological heterogeneities drastically impact melt trajectories. Where melts reach a pyroxenite layer, dissolution-induced permeability abruptly increases, initiating a feedback loop confining melt migration to that layer regardless of its orientation relative to the stress field. This process results in the development of a network of interweaved dunitic channels evolving to thick tabular dunites where the melt reacts with closely spaced pyroxenite layers. This reacting melt was rich in alkali elements and water, as evidenced by the minerals (mostly amphibole and micas) encapsulated in the Cr-spinel grains that crystallized during the reaction. This “pioneer melt” differs from the volumetrically dominant depleted andesite that fed the crustal section. In fact, the migration of andesite benefited from the enhanced permeability provided by the dunites formed by the pioneer melt. As a result, dunites are palimpsests, the compositions of which record successive percolation events. The geometry of the melt pathways is extremely challenging to model because the abundance, spacing, and orientation of lithological heterogeneities cannot be predicted, being inherited from a long geological history.
Energy transport near Homann stagnation point flow over a spiraling disk with Cattaneo–Christov theory
Authors: Khan Masood , Sarfraz Mahnoor , Zehra Rida
Published: July 2022

In this paper, axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Homann flow is studied normally over a stretching and spiraling disk in the stagnation region. Homann’s problem is modified with simultaneous effects of the radial linear stretching and uniform rotation of the disk. The magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the motion of the flow. The energy and mass distribution phenomena are analyzed by using Cattaneo–Christov (CC) double diffusion model, heat sink/source and chemical reaction effects. The main purpose of this study is to highlight the significance of CC theory on Homann problem along with asymptotic behavior. Similarly, ansatzes are utilized to transform the partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The solutions are computed numerically by a built-in scheme, namely, bvp4c in MATLAB. Moreover, it is concluded that the surface velocity is produced in the form of a spiral logarithm because of the continual activity of radial stretching and uniform rotation of the disk. The outcomes of magnetic field, rotation and stretching parameters are discussed graphically for coefficients of skin friction. The coefficient of skin friction along the [Formula: see text]-axis is enhanced, whereas along [Formula: see text]-axis, it is decreased by varying stretching and rotating parameters. The impact of thermal and solutal relaxation time coefficients reveals that they reduce the heat and mass transfer rates, respectively.