bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State regulation of the preservation and sustainable development of rural areas
Authors: Minenko A V , Vodyasov P V
Published: February 2022

A stable trend of outflow of residents from villages to cities developed at the turn of the 20th - 21st centuries. This phenomenon is caused by a number of factors, including scientific and technological progress, economic and cultural differentiation. This situation is difficult, but Russia has taken a number of measures to curb the migration of the population from rural areas. The Strategy for Sustainable Development of Rural Areas and the State Program for the Comprehensive Development of Rural Areas are being implemented at the moment. The content of strategic and program-targeted documents allows us to say that the goals and values of the target indicators formulated in them state the inevitable continuation of the migration outflow of residents from the villages. In this regard, the article contains the rationale for using the category “preservation of rural areas” instead of the category “development of rural areas”.
Support for technical and technological modernization of agribusiness in the Altai Territory
Authors: Minenko A V , Seliverstov M V
Published: February 2022

The dynamics of agribusiness development depends on the state of its material and technical base; its intensification is impossible without equipping with advanced energy-efficient means of production. A number of measures of state support in the Altai Territory are aimed at achieving the required level of technical re-equipment of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Within the framework of the study, measures and tools are considered that stimulate technical re-equipment and technological modernization. The influence of state support on the technical re-equipment of agribusiness is analyzed, and the positive contribution of the use of leasing schemes in the acquisition of agricultural machinery is revealed. Indicators of the dynamics of updating the main types of agricultural machines and technological equipment of agribusiness are given, in particular, its low provision with tractors was revealed. The assessment of the need for technology is given. The reasons for the restraining rates of acquisition of agricultural machinery have been identified and a number of measures have been proposed to intensify it.
Influence of basic soil tillage on the physical properties of leached chernozem of Western Siberia
Authors: Rzaeva V , Eremin D
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of researches on the change in the physical properties of leached chernozem during the cultivation of spring wheat according to the basic tillage options (moldboard, non-moldboard, differentiated, No-till) for three crop rotations (annual grass-spring wheat-spring wheat) and fallows. In the course of the field study of the water permeability of the subsurface layers of leached chernozem, it was found that moldboard and non-moldboard basic tillage have the maximum negative impact. They reduce the infiltration rate from a depth of 30 cm to 1.7, and from a depth of 50 cm - 2.2 mm/min. Also, the abovementioned systems of basic tillage reduce filtration to minimum values of 1.0-1.2 mm/min. The minimum negative effect was noted at differentiated tillage, in which the water permeability of the subsurface layers approaches the values of long-term fallow. The rate of absorption and movement of water in unsaturated soil changes relatively quickly, affecting the reserves of productive moisture, aeration of the root zone, and through them affects the productivity of the arable land. The productivity of the crop rotation with a seed fallow (annual grass-spring wheat spring – wheat spring) is reliably higher than the control according to the differentiated treatment; and it is 40% less according to the No-till basic tillage.
Formation of a stable yield of grain crops in various meteorological conditions in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region
Authors: Shakhova O A , Yakubyshina L I
Published: February 2022

Siberian regions, including the Northern Trans-Urals, play an important role in the production of grain and feed. The main forage crops cultivated in the region are oats and barley. Both crops have a long history of cultivation and a wide range of advantages that allow them to be used for fodder, food and technical purposes. The share of these crops in the grain wedge of the Tyumen region is more than 40%.

The creation and introduction of ecologically plastic varieties is a prerequisite for stabilizing grain harvesting. Varieties must combine good responsiveness to favourable growing conditions with resistance to limiting environmental factors. Modern technologies of cultivation of crops directly depend on climatic parameters: temperature, amount of precipitation and their distribution by months. Crop productivity can be controlled by studying and understanding the influence of the climatic potential of Western Siberia, the features of which this article is devoted to. In the current weather conditions 2015-2019. the yield of barley varieties Abalak, Acha and Vorsinsky 2 varied moderately (V = 12.2-17.8%) and ranged from 3.70 to 3.99 t/ha. Variety Chelyabinsky 99 turned out to be responsive to changes in air temperature and the amount of precipitation (V = 28.7%). The yield of oat varieties varied significantly from climatic indicators (V = 37.1-44.3%) and ranged from 1.93 to 3.38 t/ha. The variety Foma stood out especially with a maximum average yield of 3.38 t/ha and an average negative dependence on the SCC for May-September (r = - 0.29).
Legal foundations of agriculture: institutional aspects of sustainable infrastructure development
Authors: Fastovich G G , Kapsargina S A
Published: February 2022

State regulation of the agricultural sector is one of the main conditions for the effective functioning of the country’s economy. The key task that the state must solve in the process of regulating the agricultural sector is to create a favorable environment for the effective conduct of economic activity. In the modern period of the formation of agrarian legal policy, the study of the legal foundations of sustainable agricultural development is extremely important. The article notes the importance of the system of Russian legislation as a factor in strengthening agricultural production. The institutional aspects of the activities of farmers, including economic, regulatory, legal and strategic, are established.
Ecological safety and effectiveness of the growth regulator Vigor Forte and Agrovin fertilizers in the technology of growing of watermelon
Authors: Koleboshina T G , Egorova G S , Ryabchikova N B , Okolelova A A , Nefed’eva E E
Published: February 2022

Modern agricultural technologies require new approaches allowing to increase yields and produce fruits with high properties. The aim of the research was to assess the effect of foliar processing of watermelon plants with growth regulator Vigor Forte in various doses and combinations with liquid fertilizers on growth, development, yield and biochemical traits of fruits. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 on Bykovskaya Melon Breeding Experimental Station - a branch of the FSBSI “Federal Scientific Centre for Vegetable Growing” (Volgograd region). The treatment of plants was carried out twice, the first one was at the beginning of branch forming, the second one was after 10-12 days. The following rates of fertilizers were used: Vigor Forte - 25 g/ha and 50 g/ha; Agrovin Universal, Agrovin Profi, and NPK complex - 500 g/ha. Consumption of working solution was 200 l/ha. The object of research was an early cultivar of watermelon Triumph. Untreated plants were accepted for control. Treatment of watermelon plants with Vigor Forte combined with Agrovin Universal or Agrovin Pro fertilizers increased yield by 36.7 - 77.9%. There were no significant changes in the biochemical traits of the fruits. The amount of nitrates did not exceed the MPC (60 mg/kg).
Influence of abiotic environmental factors on agricultural technology of barley cultivation in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals
Authors: Mitrofanov D V , Tkacheva T A
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of abiotic factors on the yield of barley grain in arid conditions of the Orenburg region. The aim of the study is to study agrometeorological conditions, soil moisture, nutrient background, previous crops and their impact on the yield of barley grain in six-field crop rotations. The studies were carried out from 2015 to 2020 according to six options for growing barley on a plot of an experimental stationary field according to crop rotations with black and green manure fallow, laid down in 1988. In the experiments, the following research methods are used: field, thermostat-weight method and analysis of variance. The moisture level in the soil layers in all variants is from 112.2 to 173.2 mm. For the rotation of the six-field crop rotation with black fallow in the second variant of the experiment, there is an increase in the yield of barley grain in the aftereffect of peas against the background with applied mineral fertilizers and contains 1.40 t, without their use - 1.16 t/ha. For the rest of the experiment, a change in the yield of barley grain is noted and the range is from 1.07 to 1.38 t/ha. The increase in grain from mineral fertilizers by 0.17-0.25 t/ha can be seen for all variants of the study. The dependence of the yield of barley grain in grain-fallow crop rotation with peas on the content of soil moisture and precipitation on a fertilized background of nutrition was revealed. The results of the study are of great importance in the development of agriculture and the production of fodder grain in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals.
Results of competitive testing of potato varieties in the environmental conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Khalipsky A N , Churakov A A , Popova H M
Published: February 2022

New breeding numbers of potatoes have been identified in terms of a set of indicators, yield, starch content, preservation, significantly superior to the zoned varieties in Eastern Siberia. New breeding numbers of potatoes for the breeding nursery and their further transfer to the State test are recommended. Based on the studies carried out on the assessment of samples in competitive variety testing carried out in 2019 - 2020, we came to the conclusion that the breeding work on the goals and objectives set for us was successfully completed. A new breeding material was obtained, surpassing the standard potato varieties used in the state variety testing in terms of yield and quality. According to the results of the variety study, the following samples are recommended for further propagation and transfer to the state variety testing: a - 134 as table, a - 326 for starch production, and - 635 for dietary nutrition.
Using the environmental properties of air permeability for designing of clothing fabrics with specified properties
Authors: Orazbaeva R I , Kodirova D N , Rakhimkhodzhaev S S , Djoldasova A B
Published: February 2022

One of the most important problems of mankind is the problem of environmental protection. Despite the progress of science and production, technologies for obtaining many materials for human needs are not perfect and harm the environment and its inhabitants. Clothing is an important part of human life. It affects his mood, perception by others, and career success. Experts also say that harmful substances can be released from clothing and penetrate into the human body. They end up in fibers, threads, yarns and materials during their production. The most important properties of materials for clothing are hygienic properties, in particular air permeability - the ability to let air through (“breathe”). This property determines the comfort of clothes and affects the well-being of a person in the process of wearing products.
Land as an object of the environment (trends in public and legal policy development)
Authors: Safronov V V
Published: February 2022

The paper attempts to consider such economic and legal category as land, in terms of its role as an environmental object. The tendencies of development of this category in the sphere of state policy and dynamics of domestic legislation are investigated. The separate attention is devoted to lands of an agricultural purpose - the most important of all categories of ground fund as it includes the most valuable productive earths. As an object of legal relations, this category of land is a unique natural resource, which can be depleted by inappropriate and illiterate use and requiring large costs to restore their fertility.
Application of granulated mineral fertilizers synchronized with sowing of sugar beet seeds: innovative approach
Authors: Igoshin D N
Published: February 2022

At modern time when agricultural machines and aggregates are so sophisticated any agricultural enterprise has an opportunity to get the integrated equipment with a wide range of simultaneous functions to plant the crops. A lot of relevant and innovative measures are taken to improve productivity and to reduce the cost of the resulting products. One of them is the mineral fertilizers sowing. The increase in productivity depends on the external weather conditions and reaches more than 25 % if mineral fertilizers are spread. One of the top priorities is to improve the quality and to increase the crops productivity. These indicators can be boosted if agricultural machines and devices will be improved. They are likely to provide effective fields processing and to combine technological operations in groups. The search of rational approaches to mineral fertilizers spreading with sugar beet seeds simultaneous sowing is one of the actual problems in the agriculture. The influence of different mineral fertilizers spreading working devices on the soil quality and the choice of seeds depending minerals are the original requirements. They define where to fix the spreading working devices that introduce mineral fertilizers starting dose in the subsurface at sugar beet sowing.
Suitability of primocane-fruiting raspberry varieties for cultivation in the extended cycle in the Southern Cisbaikalia growing conditions
Authors: Rachenko M A , Kiseleva E N , Kamyshova L E , Rachenko A M
Published: February 2022

When studying the world and domestic experience of cultivating primocane -fruiting raspberry varieties, the greenhouse crop cultivation method has attracted attention. Cisbaikalia is a territory where the cultivation period for horticultural crops is not long, whereas the need for fresh berries is high. Taking that into consideration, we see the prospect of developing a technology for cultivating primocane-fruiting raspberry varieties in the extended cycle in the Southern Cisbaikalia growing conditions. The present paper introduces the research carried out in 2019-2021 at the experimental site Phytotron of Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk, Russia). The research objects were varieties and selected forms of domestic primocane-fruiting raspberry. For this purpose, the plant productivity was determined, and phenological observations were performed. The research was carried out according to the generally accepted program and methodology for the variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. The research involved medium and late-ripening varieties with a long fruiting period, such as Oranzhevoye chudo, Zhar ptitsa, Gerakl, Bryanskoye divo, Rubinovoye ozherel’ye, selected form 37-15-4. Plants of the first year of growth, which were in the budding phase at the time of transplantation, were selected. The plant preparing for transplantation was started 4 weeks before. In the first week of September, seedlings were transplanted into 8-10 liter containers. For normal growth and fruiting under new growing conditions, optimal water and temperature conditions were created, the plant feeding was improved. All the plants adapted well to the extended cultivation and entered the fruiting phase. High productivity was observed in Gerakl, Oranzhevoye chudo, and Rubinovoye ozherel’ye.
Screening of soil activity in different ecological systems
Authors: Lykov I N , Sukhanova V S
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of studies of the qualitative and quantitative composition of soil microbiocenosis in non-Black Earth Region conditions. The characteristics of soil microflora qualitative composition in natural ecosystems and in the conditions of wheat cultivation are given. The data obtained indicate the biological degradation of agricultural soils, which is expressed in a decrease in microbiological parameters in comparison with natural ecosystems soils. It is noted that the microbiocenosis determines the soil biological activity, the measure of which is the emission of carbon dioxide. It has been established that a higher emission of carbon dioxide is characteristic of soils of natural ecosystems and is associated with the vigorous activity of microorganisms. Our data indicate that, under Non-Black Earth Region conditions, the intensity of soil respiration and the activity of microbiological processes are decisively influenced by humidity, temperature, and acid-base balance.
Quality control system based on the HACCP principles for safety production process of toppling bread
Authors: Odintsova A A , Dunchenko N I
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, it is very important to produce safe products. The global problem is a quality of food products and it is significant item for modern producer and consumer. The quality guarantees that technology is highly monitored, with all technological steps and conditions. The technology process of toppling bread has a number of steps and production operations. Raw materials are – flour, water and yeast starter. In this article the HACCP procedure for toppling bread production is shown. The most important aspects of quality management in food industrial process are: developing a block-schema of the process, critical control points identification and, as a result, a HACCP list creation. These aspects are established in this paper according to the technological process of toppling bread. With the use of these data it is possible to implement a HACCP system in technological process of toppling bread in order to trace all processes, production conditions and to produce a safe product with good quality.
Estimation of the food supply level for the population: regional and climatic aspects
Authors: Kolesnyak Antonina A , Namkhanova Margarita V , Polyanskaya Natalya M , Naydanova Erzhena B , Kovalenko Elizaveta I
Published: February 2022

The paper considers the strategic importance of the food problem not only on a national scale but also at the level of separate territories of Russia. The territories have different natural and climatic conditions. An estimation of the food supply parameters for such regions as the Far Eastern and Southern Federal Districts, characterized by a contrasting climate, has been carried out. The paper considers the dynamics of consumption and production of basic food products in these regions in comparison with the all-Russian indicators. The authors carry out the analysis of indicators for rational norms of basic food products consumption in relation to the rational norms recommended by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The paper presents the estimation of the food self-sufficiency level in the considered federal districts. The main directions of solving the food problem in the regions are determined.
Features of innovative development for sustainable systems of food production in terms of creating trophological components in poultry farming
Authors: Shevchenko N P , Kapustin R F , Shevchenko A I , Dorofeev A F , Voronin S P
Published: February 2022

Animal feed must contain the most important trace elements, such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, iodine and selenium. They are added in the form of inorganic compounds, namely, sulphates, carbonates and oxides. However, these substances are very poorly absorbed by animal bodies, from 5 to 20%. At the same time, adverse reactions occur in animal feed causing the loss of trace elements themselves and a decrease in vitamin activity. A promising alternative is organic compounds of trace elements, especially with amino acids. They easily penetrate through cell walls and are highly absorbed by the body. The use of these premixes enables to reduce the amount of trace elements fed by 10-12 times from the recommended norms for inorganic compounds of trace elements. At the same time, as the latest studies of domestic and foreign scientists demonstrate, animal health and performance are constantly improving. As a result of our studies, it may be argued that when the organic mineral premix OMEK-7M is fed instead of the inorganic form of trace elements in the diets of Ross cross broiler chickens under the conditions of a production site, it increases the performance of broiler chickens and allows the production of biologically safe products.
Development of sustainable systems of food production using spirulina platensis dairy technology as a functional filler
Authors: Safronova O V , Polyakova E D , Evdokimova O V , Demina E N , Lazareva T N , Petrova O A
Published: February 2022

The current state of the food system is an important problem, the solution of which is aimed at meeting the needs of the food market and the population in food products of domestic production at the level of necessary consumption. To increase the sustainability of the development of the food system, it is necessary to stimulate economic activity, create conditions for accessibility to attracted resources and economic activity. The promotion of new business models of production with the participation of microalgae Spirulina platensis and products based on it can play a certain role in solving the problem of food supply.
Environmental safety of a humin-based formulation and its impacton crop outputboth in quantity and quality
Authors: Sergeeva A.A. , Gasimova G.A. , Semenov V.G. , Valiullina D.F. , Yakimov O.A. , Gainullina M.K. , Frolov GS. , Kashaeva A.R. , Aksakov D.V.
Published: February 2022

This article studied organic fertilizers obtained from physically and mechanically stimulated peat. The conceptual difference of this formulation from analogs lies in its environmental safety, and humates and humic acids are extracted from the feedstock as fully as possible. We studied the effect of pretreatment of seeds with liquid humic fertilizer on plant growth and development, and found that this fertilizer in low concentrations when growing grain and legumes has a positive effect on the water-physical properties of soil, soil and plant microflora, on increasing mobility reserves of nutrients in the soil, as well as to improve the diet of plants. Consequently, the development and implementation of organic safe humic fertilizers is an urgent area for crop production and food production.
Justification of recipe-component solutions in the production of dietary biscuit
Authors: Pyanikova E A , Kovaleva A E , Evdokimova O V , Butenko I V
Published: February 2022

Recently, a lot of attention has been paid to the development of products with a low glycemic index, low sugar content and no animal proteins. The use of oatmeal, corn and chickpea flour, mineral carbonated water in the biscuit recipe allows you to improve the sensory properties of the product and use it in the diet of people with celiac disease and diabetes mellitus. The biscuit production technology is simplified: the whipping operation is excluded. The biscuit dough is raised thanks to baking powder and mineral carbonated water. The modeling of the component composition of biscuits and the selection of alternative ingredients were made: wheat flour was replaced by oat and corn flour; egg products - for chickpea flour and mineral carbonated water; sugar - for FitParad No. 8 sweetener. The optimal amount of each ingredient has been selected. Three model biscuit samples with different amounts of alternative components have been developed. Their sensory evaluation was made, on the basis of which an optimised recipe for a dietary biscuit was selected.
New fruit and vegetable sauces with functional properties
Authors: Kuliev Nasullo
Published: February 2022

The article presents the relevance of paying attention to the fortification of mass consumption products and the development of new formulations of functional and preventive products. On the basis of research work on the creation of food products with desired properties, formulations and technologies of sauces with increased nutritional and biological value have been developed.Whey is used as a liquid base. The combined effect of whey and olive oil on the binding capacity of pectin has been studied. The influence of pectin in combination with whey on the consistency of sauces was investigated. The optimal amount of pectin and olive oil has been determined, providing the highest percentage of binding of heavy metal ions. The influence of whey on the ability of pectin to bind metal ions has been studied. It has been found that whey does not significantly reduce the amount of bound metal.Technological schemes for the production of fruit and vegetable sauces and regulatory technological documentation for their production have been developed. On the basis of a microbiological study, the shelf life of sauces has been established.
Ecological and raw material aspects of the production of fermented milk drinks
Authors: Alekseeva Y A , Khoroshailo T A , Brichagina A A , Svitenko O V
Published: February 2022

Many works have been devoted to the problem of obtaining healthy drinks. The nutritional value of fermented milk products depends on the composition and properties of the feedstock, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the components included in the recipe, conditions and operating parameters at all stages of the technological process, as well as on the level of technological equipment of the enterprise. In Russia, over the past year, a total of 2.159.182 tons of fermented milk products were produced, of which 794.294 tons were yogurt, 194.177 tons were fermented baked milk and varenets, 16.004 tons were yogurt, and 907.453 tons were kefir. Kefir is a fermented milk product obtained from cow’s milk by fermentation with the use of special «fungi», which is a mixture of various microorganisms. It is eaten both separately and as part of a large number of culinary and confectionery dishes. It is popular in Russia, CIS, Europe, America and Australia.
Environmental oriented measurement of grain temperature in the fluidized bed
Authors: Volzhentsev Andrei , Bulavintsev Roman , Golovin Sergei , Sevostyanov Aleksandr , Polohin Aleksei , Kozlov Aleksei , Zvekov Aleksandr
Published: February 2022

Special thermometers are used to measure the temperature of grain in the fluidized bed. There are, for example, thermocouples. They are based on the following principle. If you take two plates of dissimilar metals, such as copper and iron, the ends of their soldering, the heating of this solder and cooling of the free ends of the plates of electric current will flow. The higher the temperature of heating of the junction, the greater the value of the current, which is registered by a special device. To measure temperatures in the fluidized bed, the method of placing a group of fixed thermocouples in different zones - both along with the height of the bed and in the radial direction - is applied. Since measurement of layer temperature is considered, it was considered whether the thermocouple placed in the layer measures the temperature of the grain or the temperature of the drying agent, or perhaps some average temperature between the two. During the drying process, the temperature was determined immediately below the grate, as well as at different heights of the layer. From the experimental data, it can be concluded that the layer temperature for all practical calculations can be assumed to be equal to the temperature of the grain in the upper zones of the layer. Since already at small distances from the gas distribution lattice the temperature of the grain and the drying agent are almost equalized. In the field of drying of grain to the conditioned moisture in the fluidized state, studies of drying of grain material at different layer heights have been conducted, allowing to determine the optimal technological parameters of the dryer, to prevent overheating of grain, to preserve its food and sowing qualities. The grain drying method does not affect the environment.
Vegetable oils in dairy production: perspectives, food safety and guarantee of sustainable development of the food system
Authors: Surkova S A , Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Mosolova N I , Tkachenkova N A , Grebennikova J D
Published: February 2022

The article describes the development process of butter enriched with vegetable oils. To enrich butter with vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids, improve taste and biological value, increase shelf life the researchers used linseed and sesame oils. The product was manufactured using traditional technology. Additionally, a technological stage of enrichment of oil grains with linseed and sesame oils in an amount of 10% of the total volume of the product was introduced. It was found that amount of vitamin E in the butter increased to 2.74 mg per 100 g of the product due to add of vegetable oils. Physical, chemical, organoleptic parameters of finished product, enriched with vegetable oils, and its storage stability at a temperature of 3 ± 2°C were studied. It is proved that linseed and sesame oils introduction did not adversely affect the quality of the finished product. In appearance, consistency, taste and color, the enriched product was not inferior to the control sample, but had a slight taste of the added fillers. The content of vitamin E in the finished product, enriched with linseed and sesame oils, provides at least 8.0% of the average daily intake. The inclusion of vegetable oils with antioxidant properties had a positive effect on increasing storage stability of the finished product at a temperature of 3 ± 2°C.
Ensuring environmental safety of goat milk production based on the integration of innovations in feeding
Authors: Mosolov A A , Gorlov I F , Nikolaev D V , Slozhenkina M I , Kudryashova O V , Vasilyeva M O
Published: February 2022

The article describes the process of development of dairy products made from goat’s milk. In this work, a study of the effect of feed additives “Laktuvet-1” and “Kumelakt-1”, used in goat feeding, on the nutritional value of children’s milk products was carried out. Three experimental samples of raw milk were obtained for the studies: I - control sample, which was obtained from goats on a standard feeding ration; II sample - milk from goats whose feeding ration included the additive “Laktuvet-1”; III - milk from goats whose feeding ration included the additive “Kumelat-1”. All samples of goat milk were used to produce cottage cheese, yogurt and cheese for baby food. The products were made according to the traditional technology. The results of the research indicate the positive effect of the used feed additives on the nutritional value of the raw milk as well as the products made of it. Mass proportions of protein, fat, dry matter in the products produced from the experimental samples of raw milk exceed similar values in the control group.
Alternative protein source: prospects for application in the food system
Authors: Khramova V N , Timofeeva A D , Khramova Ya I , Lubchinsky K A , Eviev V A , Slozhenkina M I , Knyazhechenko O A
Published: February 2022

In 30 years, the consumption of livestock products is expected to increase by 60-70%, which will require huge resources. Traditional feeds such as soybean meal and fishmeal are very expensive and moreover, their availability will be limited in the future. In addition, every year the world’s population is growing, more and more raw materials are needed to feed people, and raising livestock requires large financial costs. The solution to this problem can be the cultivation of acrid for the purpose of adding to food and feed for farm animals, birds and fish. Studies have already been conducted by some scientists to evaluate insects, insect larvae or their meal as an ingredient in the diets of certain animal species. This article describes methods for collecting locusts in natural conditions, methods for growing locusts in greenhouse conditions, and methods and methods for conducting research on the chemical composition of locusts collected in natural habitats. It is expected that the locusts harvested in the wild can be added to feed for farm animals, birds and fish after some treatment, and specially grown locusts can be added to food.
Apicultural products, environmentally friendly due to organic extra nutrition
Authors: Strelbitskaya O V , Komlatsky G V , Tserenov I V , Slozhenkina M I , Mosolov A A , Gorlov I F
Published: February 2022

At the apiary of the small innovative enterprise “Zhivprom,” Carpathian bees were studied to find out the producibility of apicultural products that are environmentally friendly due to natural concentrates of organic humic and fulvic acids as extra nutrition. For the experiment, 30 bee colonies of the Carpathian breed were selected and divided into 2 groups according to the pair-analogue principle, taking into account their origins, strength, age of queens and similar amounts of food reserves. In mid-March, 30 bees from each colony were selected from each hive to extract their rectums for morphometric measurement and determination of their excrement filling. In February and March, there was a considerable increase in the consumption of the feeding, with organic acids candy being consumed much better. The concentrates of organic acids of natural origin helped to increase the egg production of queen bees and the strength of the colony. The concentrates had no toxic effect on bees and, due to its natural origin, can be recommended as a feed additive in organic beekeeping.
Increasing the shelf life of meat products as the key to ensuring food safety
Authors: Kobylyatsky P S , Slozhenkina M I , Karatunov V A , Gorlov I F , Miroshnik A S , Kaidulina A A , Grebennikova Yu D
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to question of investigation the possibility of using aqueous extracts of Sílybum mariánum and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng fruits as a food preservative. Inclusion of the extracts into the formulation of minced meat semi-prepared products impact on shelf life was avaluated by pH, peroxide value and free fatty acid value determination, results of microbiological analysis during frozen storage at -18°C. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to indicate a less intense process of lipid oxidation in chopped meat of semi-prepared meat product “Kotlety osobye” contained the aqueous extracts of milk thistle and bearberry in established storage conditions. At the same time addition of the extracts for shelf-life extension is appropriate only at a concentration close to 10%. Increasing concentration of the extract to 20% causes bitterness, which negatively affects consumer qualities of the product. Substitution of 1% bread with this extract can’t cause reliable and significant changes in pH value, water-holding capacity of the samples and organoleptic properties of the fried product.
The potential of using electrochemically activated water on meat systems
Authors: Bozhkova S E , Gavrilova O V , Nichiporova A R , Gorlov I F , Slozhenkina M I , Miroshnik A S , Danilov Yu D
Published: February 2022

The article presents results of scientific research of determining the possibility of using an alkaline fraction of electrochemically activated water at the salting stage of pork roulade. The influence of this liquid on the technological parameters of minced meat and the organoleptic qualities of the finished product has been studied. Objects of the study were samples of a new balanced pork roulade produced in educational and scientific center “Kolbasniy tsekh “Tekhnolog“” of the Food Production Technology Department of the Volgograd State Technical University, according to recipe developed using a computer model. Electrochemically activated water of the alkaline fraction used in the study was obtained in the complex laboratory of Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production. The use of a brine containing such water during salting led to an increase in the water holding capacity of the minced meat and the yield of product. At the same time, no deterioration in organoleptic properties of the samples was revealed. Calculation of production cost showed feasibility of introducing the developed roulade into production.
An example of intelligent greenhousing synthesis based on modern digital systems, neuro-fuzzy technologies and IoT
Authors: Munister V D , Zolkin A L , Grigoriev M G , Bityutskiy A S , Kuzmin A M
Published: February 2022

Challenges in development of new generation modern control systems based on discrete logic are reviewed in this article. System analysis of the current characteristic and properties of data processing systems is given: the problem of conversion accuracy and categorization of new criteria of new system effectiveness. The research experience of reviewed subject is summarized, a processing algorithm for greenhousing hardware control system with support for decision-making on monitoring the operation of sensors, taking into account the neuro-fuzzy technologies and graph theory, in the context of the algorithm theory and solving the problem of calculating the critical path for the quantifier of interaction with the subsequent processing in a neuro-fuzzy application in a quantitative ratio is given. There is description of generalizable algorithm for the constructed software control model with six sensors and a general assessment of the effectiveness of the traditional way for formal model of the greenhouse automated control system and the proposed way based on the balance model in the article.
Models of uncertainty in the framework of compartment-cluster theory for research of instability biosystems
Authors: Galkin V A , Gavrilenko T V , Gazya G V , Filatov M A
Published: February 2022

At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, the statistical uncertainty of samples of any parameters of biosystems was proved. This was predicted in 1948 by W. Weaver, and now such an uncertainty (of the second type) is called the Eskov-Zinchenko effect. In fact, this uncertainty is analogous to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics. The problem of modeling such uncertainty arises within the framework of modern deterministic and stochastic science. This article shows the possibilities of compartment-cluster modeling of systems of the third type (according to W. Weaver), i.e. uncertainties of the second type.
Impediments to the digitalization of agriculture in Africa
Authors: Gavrilova Nina G
Published: February 2022

After gaining independence from colonial powers many African governments were preoccupied for several decades with solving the problems of food security, poverty, high unemployment and slow economic growth. Many experts believe that one of the promising areas for reducing the effect of these problems is an accelerated transformation of agriculture in African countries based on the introduction of the latest achievements in the field of digital technologies. Modern digital technologies in agriculture may not only contribute to sustainable development, increase productivity and profitability, and create new job opportunities, but also positively affect the living conditions of small farmers – the main agricultural producers in Africa. The present paper describes the most common and widespread digital information and advisory solutions and discusses how small farmers benefit from using these digital services. The paper offers an analysis of the use of mobile and Internet communications as a basis for the introduction of digital technologies. Based on these findings, the author draws conclusions about the reasons for the underutilization and slow adoption of digital technologies in Africa’s agriculture.
Methodology for automated classification of farmland based on Earth remote sensing data
Authors: Antamoshkin O A , Antamoshkina O A , Bryukhanova E R , Stupin A O , Kamenskaya N V
Published: February 2022

The analysis of spectral characteristics from satellite images of the earth for different periods of the growing season is carried out. Using a geographic information system, a training sample was obtained for identifying agricultural land based on satellite monitoring data for the Krasnoyarsk region. The classification is carried out on the basis of spectral characteristics of agricultural land according to the data of remote sensing of the earth. Field studies were carried out to verify the classification results. Based on the results of the work, modules of a geographic information system were created, containing a cartographic database of agricultural land in the Sukhobuzimsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Control of phyto-radiator energy flows in artificial lighting of sustainable agriculture
Authors: Dolgikh P P , Trepuz S V , Oleinikova E N , Churakov A A , Yu Solokhina E
Published: February 2022

The paper presents scientific and technical solutions to improve the efficiency of phyto-emitters used in controlled plant cultivation to create sustainable farming systems. The author’s technology is described, which makes it possible to regulate the energy fluxes of a phyto-emitter during the growing process. The results are presented that determine the rational temperature range for the radiator of the phyto-emitter cooling system from +30 °C to -30 °C. It has been established that a decrease in the temperature of the radiator in this range for each 1 °C leads, on average, to an increase in PAR by 8.3 103 mW/cm2. The dependences of the PPFD distribution over the spectral ranges and over the surface, the radiation intensity and PAR as a function of the temperature of the radiator of the cooling system are obtained. The regularities of the influence of the temperature in the cooling system on the efficiency of the phyto-emitter as a whole have been determined. Taking into account the experimental data obtained, the scheme and principle of operation of a phyto-emitter with forced cooling have been developed.
Modeling of Internet of things for sustainable agricultural systems development on the base of different approaches
Authors: Ya Lvovich I , Lvovich Ya E , Preobrazhenskiy A P , Preobrazhenskiy Yu P
Published: February 2022

The paper deals with the problems of modelling Internet of Things systems in agricultural systems on the base of results of monitoring. The use of expert analysis in agricultural systems is considered. The main sets of parameters are shown. Illustration of the visualization process of indicators is discussed. The characteristics of expert analysis of objects in Internet of Things systems is considered. The integral indicators of the quality of the Internet of Things system are considered. In the course of implementing a dialogue with an expert, one has to implement a procedure related to dividing objects into classes. The results of parameters estimation in agricultural systems are shown.
Features of the choice of information technologies for the development of agriculture
Authors: Kuznetsov A D , Rada A O , Timofeev A E , Nikitina O I , Osintseva M A
Published: February 2022

The introduction of digital technologies in the context of limited investment resources in agriculture requires an informed choice of specific goods and services in a complex saturated market. Traditional methods of expert assessments often lead to inconsistency of expert opinions and difficulty in making decisions. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to develop and test a methodology for choosing digital technologies for agriculture (using the example of software for performing cadastral works). To achieve the goal, the methodology of quadratic penalties was used. At the first stage of the study, the most important criteria for evaluating software were selected (performance, analytical capabilities, taking into account Russian legislation). These are functions that are not obvious to a non-professional buyer, which significantly affect the efficiency of cadastral work on agricultural land. At the second stage of the study, several variants of the programs were directly evaluated and the most effective ones were selected (with a minimum square-law penalty). Their use will allow not only drawing up documents for cadastral registration, but also to determine the exact boundaries of the fields for fair taxation, work planning. The research results can be used to substantiate decisions on the choice of certain digital technologies by agricultural enterprises.
Analysis of innovative ways to eliminate forest fires in order to minimize environmental damage
Authors: Gazizov A M , Popova E V , Yangirova R R
Published: February 2022

Despite the accelerated development of science and technology in the world there are many different kinds of accidents, disasters associated with the death of people, the occurrence of serious environmental violations, etc. Natural emergencies are becoming more relevant today. Since forest areas occupy almost 50% of the entire area of Russia, research on ways to eliminate emerging fires in these areas is necessary. The purpose of the work is to recognize the types of forest fires, the causes of their occurrence, study the main methods of combating forest fires and consider the most effective measures to prevent forest fires and organize monitoring systems that will minimize economic, environmental and human damage. In addition, to study what novelties in the field of extinguishing forest fires await us in the near future, therefore, this article considers the existing and applied methods of fighting fires in our country, modern technologies in extinguishing forest fires, as well as the features of new equipment.
Classification of ecotones in three-dimensional space: horizontal, vertical and cross-horizontal ecotones
Authors: Korlyakov K A , Gashev S N
Published: February 2022

The article presents ecotones classification in three-dimensional space, which covers organisms of different sizes - from bacteria to trees. The data on horizontal, vertical and cross-horizontal ecotones formation consisting of microorganisms in the soil are presented. The data on artificial construction of horizontal ecotones in bottom deposits are presented. The values of CH4 H2S CO and CO2 production produced by microorganisms were obtained when artificial barriers were introduced into bottom deposits. Methods of ecotones economic exploitation with the use of methane-tanks are proposed.
Study of various tillage technologies
Authors: Tsuglenok N V , Romanov V N , Katzer I I
Published: February 2022

At present, in the production of crop products, traditional energy-intensive (classical) methods of soil cultivation are used - plowing, disking, cultivation. At the time of the start of the development of this project, two patents were obtained: No. 2671480 dated October 31, 2018 and No. 2732021 dated September 10, 2020 on the technology of deep pin tillage. In the first version, the technology is implemented using a metal drum with a diameter of 2.5 and more meters with pins 25 or more centimeters long installed on its surface. A drum made on the principle of a wide bicycle wheel from 3 meters or more, is fixed by an axle on the frame, which clings to the tractor. The drum, rolling over the soil, under the action of its own weight under the action of the rotating spokes of the drum, which are endlessly rotating Archimedes levers, loosens spoilage with pins fixed on the outer surface of the drum. The larger the diameter of the drum and, accordingly, the spokes, the lower the energy consumption for loosening the soil and the greater the non-technological mass of such a unit. As a result of the continuation of the study of scientifically grounded ecological-geographical location and more efficient production of spring wheat in the forest-steppe conditions, to explain the possibilities of increasing yields up to 56 kg/ha.