bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐Based Organic Dyes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Yung‐Chung , Chou Hsien‐Hsin , Tsai Ming Chih , Chen Sheng‐Yu , Lin Jiann T. , Yao Ching‐Fa , Chen Kellen
Published: March 2012

New dipolar sensitizers containing an ethyl thieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐2‐carboxylate (ETTC) entity in the conjugated spacer have been synthesized in two isomeric forms. These compounds were used as the sensitizers of n‐type dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The best conversion efficiency (5.31 %) reaches approximately 70 % of the N719‐based (7.41 %) DSSC fabricated and measured under similar conditions. The ETTC‐containing compounds exhibit a bathochromic shift of the absorption compared to their thiophene congeners due to the quinoid effect, however, charge‐trapping at the ester group of ETTC was found to jeopardize the electron injection and lower the cell efficiency. Charge trapping is alleviated as the ester group of ETTC is replaced with a hydrogen atom, as evidenced from the theoretical computation.
Efficient Intracellular Delivery of Camptothecin by Silica/Titania Hollow Nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Chanhoi , Kim Sojin , Oh Wan‐Kyu , Choi Moonjung , Jang Jyongsik
Published: March 2012

Silica/titania hollow nanoparticles (HNPs) with 50 nm were fabricated by using the dissolution and redeposition method and modified with anti‐[human epidermal growth factor receptor 2] monoclonal antibody (herceptin), and their application as camptothecin (CPT) delivery agents to human breast cancer SK‐BR‐3 cells was investigated. Although the diameter of herceptin‐modified HNPs (HER‐HNP) is smaller than that of other reported mesoporous silica nanoparticles, the extensive hollow cavity of HNPs (ca. 30 nm) allowed the loading of a large amount of CPT. CPT‐loaded HER‐HNP (HER‐HNP‐CPT) did not release CPT in phosphate‐buffered saline over a period of 24 h, however, HER‐HNP‐CPT in a hydrophobic solvent released its entire load of CPT. In addition, HER‐HNPs were efficiently internalized owing to their herceptin conjugation and optimized size. To evaluate in vitro antitumor efficacy, apoptosis/necrosis and viability of HER‐HNP‐CPT‐treated cells were investigated. When the cells were treated with HER‐HNP‐CPT for 30 min, a few apoptotic cells were observed. After 24 h, the viability of HER‐HNP‐CPT‐treated SK‐BR‐3 decreased to 60 %, which revealed highly efficient chemotherapy. However, CPT loaded into HNP or HER‐HNP had no significant effects on the viability of macrophages. Judging from these data, HER‐HNPs are very suitable for application in anticancer therapy. A HER‐HNP‐CPT drug delivery system offers a new direction for a hydrophobic anticancer drug carrier and can be expanded to practical applications with further studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Structural Properties of Nonlinear Optical Borates K2(1‐x)Rb2xAl2B2O7, 0 < x < 0.75.
Authors: Atuchin V. V. , Bazarov B. G. , Gavrilova T. A. , Grossman V. G. , Molokeev M. S. , Bazarova Zh. G.
Published: March 2012

The title compounds (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.9) are prepared by solid state reaction of Al(NO3)3, H3BO3, K2CO3, and Rb2CO3 (various heat treatments between 400 and 850 °C for 7—48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Optical Properties of CsU2(PO4)3.
Authors: Oh George N. , Ringe Emilie , Van Duyne Richard P. , Ibers James A.
Published: March 2012

The title compound is synthesized from U, P, and Se in a CsCl flux (silica tube acting as oxygen source, 1273 K, 192 h; 20 wt.% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: A Bronze Matryoshka: The Discrete Intermetalloid Cluster [Sn@Cu12@Sn20]12‐ in the Ternary Phases A12Cu12Sn21 (A: Na, K).
Authors: Stegmaier Saskia , Faessler Thomas F.
Published: March 2012

The title compounds are synthesized using stoichiometric amounts of Cu—Sn alloys (obtained by arc‐melting Cu and Sn in the ratio of 12:21) and alkali metals (450 °C, 120 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Supported Palladium Nanocatalyst for Copper Free Acyl Sonogashira Reactions: One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of N‐Containing Heterocycles.
Authors: Santra Subhankar , Dhara Kalyan , Ranjan Priyadarshi , Bera Parthasarathi , Dash Jyotirmayee , Mandal Swadhin K.
Published: March 2012

The preparation of Pd‐nanoparticles embedded into the polymer matrix of poly(1,4‐phenylene sulfide) via the thermolysis of palladium acetate is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Tuning Chemoselectivity in Iron‐Catalyzed Sonogashira‐Type Reactions Using a Bisphosphine Ligand with Peripheral Steric Bulk: Selective Alkynylation of Nonactivated Alkyl Halides.
Authors: Hatakeyama Takuji , Okada Yoshihiro , Yoshimoto Yuya , Nakamura Masaharu
Published: March 2012

It is demonstrated that a Sonogashira coupling of alkyl halides with alkynyl Grignard reagents can be highly chemoselective in the presence of (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Olefination of N‐(2‐Pyridyl)sulfonyl Anilines and Arylalkylamines.
Authors: Garcia‐Rubia Alfonso , Urones Beatriz , Gomez Arrayas Ramon , Carretero Juan C.
Published: March 2012

A reliable method is developed, which is completely specific for the Pys protecting group.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Tertiary Amines: Synthesis of β‐1,3‐Dicarbonyl Aldehydes by Three‐Component C—C Couplings.
Authors: Liu Weiping , Liu Jinhua , Ogawa Daisuke , Nishihara Yasushi , Guo Xingwei , Li Zhiping
Published: March 2012

β‐1,3‐Dicarbonyl aldehydes (III), (VI), and (VIII) are synthesized by Fe‐catalyzed oxidative reactions between 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds (I) and (IV) and two molecules of tertiary amines (II), (V), and (VII) in the presence of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical One‐Pot Radical‐Ionic Sequence for the Preparation of Epoxides: Application to the Synthesis of Unnatural Polyhydroxylated Alkaloids.
Authors: Peralta‐Hernandez Eduardo , Cortezano‐Arellano Omar , Cordero Vargas Alejandro
Published: March 2012

Allylic alcohols react with functionalized organic bromides and iodides via free‐radical atom‐transfer/base‐promoted cyclization to give epoxides directly.
ChemInform Abstract: Noncovalent Organocatalysis: A Powerful Tool for the Nucleophilic Epoxidation of α‐Ylideneoxindoles.
Authors: Palumbo Chiara , Mazzeo Giuseppe , Mazziotta Andrea , Gambacorta Augusto , Loreto M. Antonietta , Migliorini Antonella , Superchi Stefano , Tofani Daniela , Gasperi Tecla
Published: March 2012

The title reaction affords enantioenriched spiro compounds (II) and (III) with two contiguous stereocenters.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐[2‐(1,3‐Butadienyl)]‐1H‐indoles en route to Murrapanine Analogue.
Authors: Chakraborty Amrita , Sinha Surajit
Published: March 2012

Starting from o‐iodoaryl carbamates (I), a novel synthesis of the title butadienylindoles (VI) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Yb(OTf)3‐ or Au1‐Catalyzed Domino Intramolecular Hydroamination and Ring‐Opening of Sulfonamide‐Substituted 1,1‐Vinylidenecyclopropanediesters.
Authors: Wu Lei , Shi Min
Published: March 2012

Two kinds of five‐membered N,O‐heterocyclic compounds are efficiently synthesized from sulfonamide‐substituted vinylidenecyclopropanediesters, catalyzed by a hard Lewis acid Yb(OTf)3 and a soft Lewis acid Au(I) complex, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: KAl(SO4)2·12H2O Catalyzed Efficient Synthesis of 3,4,6‐Trisubstituted 2‐Pyridone in Water.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Oskooie Hossein A. , Karimi Narges , Hamidi Hoda
Published: March 2012

The catalyst is successfully applied to the condensation of dicarbonyl compounds with amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 5‐(Het)aryl‐1‐ethyl‐2(1H)‐pyrazinones with Terminal Arylacetylenes Promoted by Microwave Radiation.
Authors: Verbitskiy E. V. , Cheprakova E. M. , Slepuhin P. A. , Perova M. G. , Samorukova M. A. , Zabelina O. N. , Rusinov G. L. , Charushin V. N.
Published: March 2012

The title reaction leads regioselectively to a mixture of two isomeric 4‐aryl‐ and 5‐aryl‐substituted 2(1H)‐pyridones, in general.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrochromeno[4,3‐d]pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine‐1,6‐diones: A Novel Heterocyclic Scaffold with Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Frolova Liliya V. , Malik Indranil , Uglinskii Pavel Y. , Rogelj Snezna , Kornienko Alexander , Magedov Igor V.
Published: March 2012

Three component reaction of salicyclic aldehydes, acetyl acetic esters, and heterocyclic amines allows the synthesis of the title compounds (IV) and related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Monomer‐on‐Monomer (MoM) Mitsunobu Cyclization for the Synthesis of Benzofused Thiadiazepine‐Dioxides.
Authors: Maity Pradip K. , Kainz Quirin M. , Faisal Saqib , Rolfe Alan , Samarakoon Thiwanka B. , Basha Fatima Z. , Reiser Oliver , Hanson Paul R.
Published: March 2012

After the synthesis of the compounds (II) and (IV) the used norbornenyl‐tagged reagents can be reacted with the norbornene group in a ring‐opening metathesis polymerization and easily separated by filtration.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Conversion of Dihydropyran and Glycals to 1‐Azido‐2‐halo Derivatives Using NIS/NBS‐TMSN3.
Authors: Yousuf Syed Khalid , Hussain Altaf , Sharma Deepak Kumar , Wani Abdul Haleem , Singh Baldev , Mukherjee Debaraj , Taneja Subhash C.
Published: March 2012

Reaction of dihydropyran and glycals with NIS/NBS and trimethylsilyl azide as the halogen and azide sources constitutes a rapid, stereoselective, and high‐yielding method for the synthesis of 1,2‐trans‐2‐deoxy‐2‐haloglycosyl azides in the absence of any catalyst and obviating the need to employ excess reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel N‐Carbohydrate‐Derived Heterocyclic Compounds by Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of Carbohydrate Imidazole‐1‐sulfonates.
Authors: Huo Shiyong , Li Yueqing , Liang Chaoyan , Liu Jihong , Zhao Weijie
Published: March 2012

The nucleophilic substitution of carbohydrate imidazylates (imidazole‐1‐sulfonates) (III) and (VI) with N‐heterocyclic compounds (II) furnishes title compounds (V) and (VII), resp., in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Chemo‐Enzymatic Synthesis of Peracetylated GlcNAcβ3Galβ‐Aglycones.
Authors: Merbouh N. , Brown J. R. , Wallner F. K. , Morton M. , Esko J. D. , Seeberger P. H.
Published: March 2012

A new method for the rapid production of the title compounds, such as (VI), is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: General and Controllable Synthesis of Novel Mesoporous Magnetic Iron Oxide@Carbon Encapsulates for Efficient Arsenic Removal.
Authors: Wu Zhangxiong , Li Wei , Webley Paul A. , Zhao Dongyuang
Published: March 2012

A general ammonia‐atmosphere pre‐hydrolysis post‐synthetic route is discussed that can uniformly and selectively deposit a wide range of metal oxide nanoparticles with high concentration (<40%) homogeneously dispersed in the predefined mesopores of a bimodal mesoporous carbon matrix.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Fenton Catalysts Based on Activated Carbon and Related Materials
Authors: Navalon Sergio , Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Alvaro Mercedes , Garcia Hermenegildo
Published: March 2012

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of Metallic and Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Voggu Rakesh , Govindaraj A. , Rao C. N. R.
Published: March 2012

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrogenation Processes via C—H Activation Within Alkylphosphines
Authors: Grellier Mary , Sabo‐Etienne Sylviane
Published: March 2012

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Playing with Organic Radicals as Building Blocks for Functional Molecular Materials
Authors: Ratera Imma , Veciana Jaume
Published: March 2012

Review: 257 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Chemical Properties of Cyclic β‐Keto Sulfones
Authors: Shyshkina O. O. , Popov K. S. , Gordivska O. O. , Tkachuk T. M. , Kovalenko N. V. , Volovnenko T. A. , Volovenko Yu. M.
Published: March 2012

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Directed Aromatic Functionalization in Natural Product Synthesis: Fredericamycin A, Nothapodytine B, and Topopyrones B and D
Authors: Turner Charles Dylan , Ciufolini Marco A.
Published: March 2012

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoresponsive Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Authors: Eelkema Rienk
Published: March 2012

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Galactosylceramide: Synthesis and Immunology
Authors: Franck Richard W.
Published: March 2012

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromone and Flavonoid Alkaloids. Occurrence and Bioactivity
Authors: Khadem Shahriar , Marles Robin J.
Published: March 2012

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantitative Structure—Activity Relationship Modelling Methods on Estimation of Formation Constants of Macrocyclic Compounds with Different Guest Molecules
Authors: Ghasemi J. B. , Salahinejad M. , Rofouei M. K.
Published: March 2012

Review: 198 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: DNA Origami: The Art of Folding DNA.
Authors: Sacca Barbara , Niemeyer Christof M.
Published: March 2012

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cycloadditions Involving Allenes: Mechanistic Insights from Theoretical Studies
Authors: Montserrat Sergi , Ujaque Gregori , Lopez Fernando , Mascarenas Jose L. , Lledos Agusti
Published: March 2012

Review: 54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of Allenes by Gold Complexes: A Theoretical Standpoint
Authors: Malacria Max , Fensterbank Louis , Gandon Vincent
Published: March 2012

Review: 78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Indides Eu2Pd2In and Eu2Pt2In.
Authors: Muts Ihor , Zaremba Vasyl I. , Poettgen Rainer
Published: March 2012

The title compounds are prepared from the elements in sealed Ta tubes (800 mbar Ar, induction furnace, 1600 K for 1 min, followed by 900 K for 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of UT2Zn20 (T: Fe, Co, Ru, Rh, and Ir) Phases.
Authors: Daszkiewicz M. , Swatek P. , Kaczorowski D.
Published: March 2012

The title compounds are prepared in a reactive Zn flux and and the structures of the compounds are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Phase Transitions of SrF2 at High Pressure.
Authors: Wang J. S. , Ma C. L. , Zhou D. , Xu Y. S. , Zhang M. Z. , Gao W. , Zhu H. Y. , Cui Q. L.
Published: March 2012

The high pressure behavior of the title compound is characterized by angle‐dispersive synchrotron powder XRD up to 50.3 GPa at room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: LiLa5Si4N10O and LiPr5Si4N10O — Chain‐Type Oxonitridosilicates.
Authors: Lupart Saskia , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: March 2012

The title compounds are synthesized from mixtures of Si(NH)2, LnF3 (Ln: La, Pr), and LiN3 using liquid Li as a flux (Ta ampule, 1200 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: The Oxidation of ReCl5 with Oleum: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Re2O4Cl4(SO4).
Authors: Betke Ulf , Wickleder Mathias S.
Published: March 2012

Red, needle shaped single crystals of the title compound are prepared by reaction of ReCl5 with fuming sulfuric acid containing 25% SO3 at (200 °C, sealed glass tube, 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Crystal Structures of Novel LaOAgS‐Type Copper and Silver Fluoride Chalcogenides.
Authors: Charkin Dmitri O. , Urmanov Arthur V. , Kazakov Sergey M.
Published: March 2012

The six new compounds SrFCuTe, SrFAgS, SrFAgSe, SrFAgTe, BaFAgS, BaFAgSe, and BaFCuS are prepared from mixtures of M1X, M1F2, and M22X (M1: Sr, Ba; M2: Cu, Ag; X: S, Se, Te) at 600—650 °C with yields of up to 40%.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis Process and Structural Characterization of the Sr2EuRuO6 Complex Perovskite.
Authors: Triana C. A. , Landinez Tellez D. A. , Roa‐Rojas J.
Published: March 2012

The title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of SrCO3, RuO2, and Eu2O3 (Pt crucible, 1483 K, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Borohydride‐Based Method for Selective 1,4‐Conjugate Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Russo Alyssa T. , Amezcua Kerstin L. , Huynh Vincent A. , Rousslang Zach M. , Cordes David B.
Published: March 2012

The protocol allows the reduction of carbon—carbon double bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐Catalyzed Deoxygenation of Epoxides Without Adding Any Reducing Agent.
Authors: Sousa Sara C. A. , Fernandes Ana C.
Published: March 2012

A novel method is developed in the presence of oxo‐rhenium(V) and oxo‐rhenium(VII) complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Boron Trihalide Mediated Haloallylation of Aryl Aldehydes and Its Application to the Preparation of (E)‐1,3‐Dienes.
Authors: Quinn Michael P. , Yao Min‐Liang , Yong Li , Kabalka George W.
Published: March 2012

Aromatic aldehydes readily couple with different allylmetals in the presence of BCl3 or BBre to yield haloallylated arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Alkyl 2,4,6‐Triisopropylbenzoates in the Asymmetric Homologation of Challenging Boronic Esters.
Authors: Larouche‐Gauthier Robin , Fletcher Catherine J. , Couto Irantzu , Aggarwal Varinder K.
Published: March 2012

Addition of α‐lithiated alkyl 2,4,6‐triisopropylbenzoates (I) to boronic esters (II) leads to boron‐ate complexes which rapidly undergo 1,2‐metallate rearrangement to give homologated products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Enolate Protonation in Sulfa—Michael Addition to α‐Substituted N‐Acryloyloxazolidin‐2‐ones with Bifunctional Organocatalyst.
Authors: Rana Nirmal K. , Singh Vinod K.
Published: March 2012

The reaction can be catalyzed by the alkaloid (I) or its pseudoenantiomer allowing the access to both enantiomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni(COD)2/PCy3‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling or Aryl and Heteroaryl Neopentylglycolboronates with Aryl and Heteroaryl Mesylates and Sulfamates in THF at Room Temperature
Authors: Leowanawat Pawaret , Zhang Na , Resmerita Ana‐Maria , Rosen Brad M. , Percec Virgil
Published: March 2012

as an efficient approach to a wide range of biaryls and heterobiaryls
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Arylation of Aldehydes by Using Functionalized Grignard Reagents Generated from Aryl Bromides.
Authors: Itakura Daisuke , Harada Toshiro
Published: March 2012

An efficient protocol is developed for the enantioselective synthesis of diarylmethanols.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulations of Aromatic Ketimines Induced by Directed C—H Activations.
Authors: Tran Duc N. , Cramer Nicolai
Published: March 2012

The cyclization with symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes proceeds affords indenyl amines with enantioselectivities up to 90%.
ChemInform Abstract: Cation Radical Induced Cycloaddition Reaction Between Aryl Imines and Ethyl Diazoacetate.
Authors: Huo Congde , Sun Chougu , Hu Dongcheng , Jia Xiaodong , Xu Xiaolan , Liu Zongli
Published: March 2012

A persistent nitrogen‐based cation radical is found to be an efficient initiator for the highly cis‐selective synthesis of aziridine carboxylates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Bromocyclization of Olefins Catalyzed by Chiral Phosphoric Acid.
Authors: Huang Deshun , Wang Haining , Xue Fazhen , Guan Huan , Li Lijun , Peng Xianyou , Shi Yian
Published: March 2012

The reaction is applied to various γ‐hydroxy‐ and γ‐amino alkenes to afford the 2‐substituted tetrahydrofurans and pyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Indole and Pyrrole with β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketoester Catalyzed by Chiral Dicationic Palladium Complex.
Authors: Aikawa Kohsuke , Honda Kazuya , Mimura Shunsuke , Mikami Koichi
Published: March 2012

The reaction is efficiently catalyzed by sterically demanding complexes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylative Claisen Rearrangement Reactions: Synthesis and Reactivity of Alkylidene‐Substituted Indolines.
Authors: Camp Jason E. , Craig Donald , Funai Kiyohiko , White Andrew J. P.
Published: March 2012

An effective method for the synthesis of the compounds (II) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐(Trifluoromethyl)oxazoles from β‐Monosubstituted Enamines via PhI(OCOCF3)2‐Mediated Trifluoroacetoxylation and Cyclization.
Authors: Zhao Feifei , Liu Xin , Qi Rui , Zhang‐Negrerie Daisy , Huang Jianhui , Du Yunfei , Zhao Kang
Published: March 2012

It provides a new method to prepare biologically important title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions: A Facile Synthesis of 3,5‐Di‐ and 3,4,5‐Trisubstituted Isoxazoles.
Authors: Kankala Shravankumar , Vadde Ravinder , Vasam Chandra Sekhar
Published: March 2012

A Cu(I)‐free, facile and regioselective catalytic synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel Substituted 1,2,4‐Triazoles Bearing 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles or Pyrazoles.
Authors: Kalhor Mehdi , Mobinikhaledi Akbar , Dadras Akbar , Tohidpour Maryam
Published: March 2012

Compound (IIIc) exhibits the highest antimicrobial and antifungal activity and is more active against C.
ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of 1,5‐Disubstituted 3‐Methyl‐2‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazole‐4‐carbonitriles with Hydrogen Sulfide.
Authors: Chumachenko S. A. , Shablykin O. V. , Russanov E. B. , Brovarets V. S.
Published: March 2012

Thioxoimidazolidin‐2‐one derivatives (III) are formed unexpectedly upon treatment of carbonitriles (I) with hydrogen sulfide and refluxing the resulting complex mixture in triethyl orthoformate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (2,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐ones as Free Radical Scavengers.
Authors: Balabani Anna , Hadjipavlou‐Litina Dimitra J. , Litinas Konstantinos E. , Mainou Maria , Tsironi Crystal‐Catherine , Vronteli Anastasia
Published: March 2012

Most of the new compounds are found to be potent lipid peroxidation inhibitors in vitro.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Construction of Tetrahydro‐5H‐indolo[3,2‐c]quinolines from Benzyl Azides and Indoles via a Cascade Reaction Sequence.
Authors: Song Zengqiang , Zhao Yu‐Ming , Zhai Hongbin
Published: March 2012

The presence of an N‐Tos protecting group in the indoles is crucial.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted‐2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones Using [Hmim][NO3]: An Eco‐Friendly Protocol.
Authors: Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Khosropour Ahmad Reza , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah , Soltani Mohammad , Mirjafari Arsalan
Published: March 2012

[Hmim]NO3 can be used as catalyst and medium for the three‐component one‐pot condensation of isatoic anhydride, aldehydes and primary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Acylation/Coupling Cyclization Process for the Synthesis of Polycyclic Fused Imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3]thiazinones.
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Yu Bin , Zhang Xiuqin , Sun Xiaoqiang , Bao Weiliang
Published: March 2012

Title compounds (III) are efficiently synthesized via a new cascade intermolecular N‐acylation/intramolecular C—S coupling cyclization process.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of (RP)‐8‐Substituted‐N6‐acylated and N6‐Alkylated Adenosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic Phosphorothioic Acids as cAMP Antagonists.
Authors: Andrei Mioara , Bakkeboe Tina , Klaveness Jo , Tasken Kjetil , Undheim Kjell
Published: March 2012

A strategy for the stereoselective preparation of the target compounds from cAMP is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Field‐Induced Phenomena in Ferromagnetic Superconductors UCoGe and URhGe
Authors: Aoki Dai , Taupin Mathieu , Paulsen Carley , Hardy Frederic , Taufour Valentin , Kotegawa Hisashi , Hassinger Elena , Malone Liam , Matsuda Tatsuma D. , Miyake Atsushi , et al. et al.
Published: March 2012

Review: 21 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Perspectives on the Synthesis of Organic Carbamates
Authors: Chaturvedi Devdutt
Published: March 2012

Review: ca. 350 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands
Authors: Roeder E. , Wiedenfeld H.
Published: March 2012

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Chromones Anellated at the C(7)—C(8) Bond with Heterocycles
Authors: Lozinskii O. A. , Shokol T. V. , Khilya V. P.
Published: March 2012

Review: 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Characteristics of Selective Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Schloegl Robert , Hess Christian
Published: March 2012

Review: 357 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Phebox Complexes for Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Ito Jun‐ichi , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: March 2012

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organocatalyst: From Photochemistry to Multipurpose Catalysis to Sustainable Chemistry.
Authors: Wang Yong , Wang Xinchen , Antonietti Markus
Published: March 2012

Review: 207 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quaternary Ammonium Salts and Their Antimicrobial Potential: Targets or Nonspecific Interactions?
Authors: Tischer Maximilian , Pradel Gabriele , Ohlsen Knut , Holzgrabe Ulrike
Published: March 2012

Review: 82 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon‐Based Cross‐Coupling Reactions Through Intramolecular Activation
Authors: Nakao Yoshiaki , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: March 2012

Review: 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hypervalent Iodine Induced Metal‐Free C—H Cross Couplings to Biaryls
Authors: Kita Yasuyuki , Dohi Toshifumi , Morimoto Koji
Published: March 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward Fully Unsaturated Double‐Stranded Cycles
Authors: Standera Malte , Dieter Schluter A.
Published: March 2012

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox Non‐Innocent Ligands: Versatile New Tools to Control Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Lyaskovskyy Volodymyr , de Bruin Bas
Published: March 2012

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Role of Fluorine in Weak Interactions in Co‐crystals
Authors: Sunil Seetha Lekshmi , Nayak Susanta K. , Hathwar Venkatesha R. , Chopra Deepak , Guru Row Tayur N.
Published: March 2012

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Clips and Tweezers with Corannulene Pincers
Authors: Sygula Andrzej , Collier Willard E.
Published: March 2012

Review: 95 refs.
MCM‐41‐SO3H as a Highly Efficient Sulfonic Acid Nanoreactor for the Rapid and Green Synthesis of Some Novel Highly Substituted Imidazoles under Solvent‐Free Condition
Authors: Mahdavinia Gholam Hossein , Amani Ali Mohammad , Sepehrian Hamid
Published: March 2012

Nanosized MCM‐41‐SO3H based on ordered mesoporous silica material with a covalent sulfonic acid group was synthesized and used as acid catalyst for the new, simple, convenient and green synthesis of 2,4,5‐trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5‐tetra‐substituted imidazoles. Also some of synthesis products are new. Echo‐friendly protocol, short reaction times, easy and quick isolation of the products and excellent yields are the main advantages of this procedure.
Axisymmetric multicomponent vesicles: A comparison of hydrodynamic and geometric models
Authors: Sohn Jinsun , Li Shuwang , Li Xiaofan , Lowengrub John S.
Published: March 2012

Using a mathematical model, we investigate the role of hydrodynamic forces on three‐dimensional axisymmetric multicomponent vesicles. The equations are derived using an energy variation approach that accounts for different surface phases, the excess energy associated with surface domain boundaries, bending energy and inextensibility. The equations are high‐order (fourth order) nonlinear and nonlocal. To solve the equations numerically, we use a nonstiff, pseudo‐spectral boundary integral method that relies on an analysis of the equations at small scales. We also derive equations governing the dynamics of inextensible vesicles evolving in the absence of hydrodynamic forces and simulate numerically the evolution of this geometric model. We find that compared with the geometric model, hydrodynamic forces provide additional paths for relaxing inextensible vesicles. The presence of hydrodynamic forces may enable the dynamics to overcome local energy barriers and reach lower energy states than those accessible by geometric motion or energy minimization algorithms. Because of the intimate connection between morphology, surface phase distribution and biological function, these results have important consequences in understanding the role vesicles play in biological processes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Partial regularity of solutions of fully nonlinear, uniformly elliptic equations
Authors: Armstrong Scott N. , Silvestre Luis E. , Smart Charles K.
Published: March 2012

We prove that a viscosity solution of a uniformly elliptic, fully nonlinear equation is C2,α on the complement of a closed set of Hausdorff dimension at most ϵ less than the dimension. The equation is assumed to be C1, and the constant ϵ > 0 depends only on the dimension and the ellipticity constants. The argument combines the W2,ϵ estimates of Lin with a result of Savin on the C2,α regularity of viscosity solutions that are close to quadratic polynomials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of febuxostat in human plasma using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Lukram Ojikumar , Parmar Shivaji , Hande Amit
Published: March 2012

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the determination of febuxostat in human plasma. The liquid‐liquid extraction technique was used for the extraction of febuxostat from human plasma using trandolapril as the internal standard (IS). Chromatography was performed on a ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) BEH C18, 50 mm X 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm particle size column, with the mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile (in a 25:75 ratio), followed by detection using mass spectrometry. The method involves a simple reversed isocratic chromatography condition and mass spectrometry detection, which enables detection at sub‐microgram levels. The method was validated and the lower limit of quantification for febuxostat was found to be 0.075 µg/ml. The mean recovery for febuxostat ranged from 100.9 to 106.5%. This method increased the sensitivity and selectivity; resulting in high‐throughput analysis of febuxostat using commercially available IS for pharmacokinetic, bioavailability, and bioequivalence studies, with a chromatographic run time of 1.5 min only. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rhodium Nanoparticles from Dirhodium(II) Ethylene Glycol Tetracarboxylates
Authors: Tuchscherer André , Packheiser Rico , Rüffer Tobias , Schletter Herbert , Hietschold Michael , Lang Heinrich
Published: March 2012

A straightforward synthesis methodology for the preparation of rhodium(II) carboxylates [Rh2{O2CCH2(OCH2CH2)2OCH3}4]n (1) and [Rh{μ‐O2CCH2(OCH2CH2)2OCH3}2(PPh3)]2 (2) is reported. The ethanol‐mediated reduction of RhCl3·3H2O with [K{O2CCH2(OCH2CH2)2OCH3}] produced 1, which on further addition of PPh3 afforded 2. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies of 2 were carried out showing a paddlewheel arrangement of the dirhodium(II) tetracarboxylate unit with a Rh–Rh distance of 2.4599(5) Å. Compounds 1 and 2 were applied in the formation of rhodium nanoparticles (NPs) using 1,2‐ethanediol as reducing reagent and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as capping component. Rhodium NPs with a narrow size distribution (<4 nm) were obtained from 1. The dependency of the concentration and temperature on the NP size and size distribution is discussed. Characterization of the Rh colloids was performed by TEM, X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and electron‐diffraction studies, which revealed that Rh NPs with diameters between (3.0±0.4) and (3.9±0.4) nm were formed. Additionally, the decomposition of 1 and 2 was studied by thermogravimetry (TG)–MS coupling experiments, which showed their differing thermal behavior. Complex 1 follows a two‐step decomposition, whereas degradation of 2 occurs in three steps. The main difference in degradation is that decarboxylation of 1 starts at 230 °C, whereas for 2 the main CO2 formation is observed above 600 °C.
Formation of Cyclometallated N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes from LnRuCl2 (L = Cyclooctadiene, PPh3, DMSO) Precursors
Authors: Bramananthan Nicola , Mas‐Marzá Elena , Fernandéz Francys E. , Ellul Charles E. , Mahon Mary F. , Whittlesey Michael K.
Published: March 2012

Both [Ru(cod)Cl2]n and [Ru(PPh3)3Cl2] react with the N‐iPr substituted N‐heterocyclic carbene IiPr2Me2 [1,3‐diisopropyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene] at elevated temperature to give the cyclometallated triscarbene product [Ru(IiPr2Me2)′(IiPr2Me2)2Cl] (1), which also contains an agostically bound NHC ligand. Although [Ru(cod)Cl2]n fails to react with the bulkier tert‐butyl carbene ItBu2 [1,3‐di‐tert‐butylimidazol‐2‐ylidene], [Ru(PPh3)3Cl2] affords the cyclometallated monocarbene complex [Ru(ItBu2)′(PPh3)2Cl] (2). Cyclometallation of the N‐ethyl derivative IEt2Me2 [1,3‐diethyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene] takes place upon heating with [Ru(DMSO)4Cl2] to give the tris‐DMSO product, [Ru(IEt2Me2)′(DMSO)3Cl] (3), which undergoes substitution of the S‐bound DMSO ligands in the presence of CO and PPh3 to yield [Ru(IEt2Me2)′(CO)3Cl] (4) and [Ru(IEt2Me2)′(PPh3)2Cl] (6). In contrast, IEt2Me2 reacts with [Ru(PPh3)3Cl2] to give [Ru(IEt2Me2)4Cl2] (7). The molecular structures of compounds 1–4, 6 and 7 have been determined.
Microwave Activation of Electrochemical Processes in Ionic Liquid Impregnated Ionomer Spheres
Authors: Dale Sara E. C. , Compton Richard G. , Marken Frank
Published: March 2012

The redox system K4Fe(CN)6 adsorbed into anion exchanger particles (Dowex 1×2 of typically 200 µm diameter) and impregnated with 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid (BMIM+BF4−) in contact to a 50 µm diameter platinum microelectrode show well‐defined Fe(III/II) voltammetric responses. Processes are studied at the ionic liquid sphere | electrode | gas interface in the presence of dry or 80 % relative humidity argon gas flow. Due to the hygroscopic nature of BMIN+BF4− currents are sensitive to humidity levels. Pulsed and continuous microwave activation (2.45 GHz) is shown to occur locally at the tip of the platinum microelectrode due to focusing of microwave energy. Impedance experiments reveal the presence of a thin active film of ionic liquid.
Use of Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Biomass for Studying the Equilibria, Kinetics, and Proton Exchange Processes Associated with Bioaccumulation
Authors: Martínez‐Sánchez Carolina , Torres‐Rodríguez Luz María , Velázquez‐Jiménez Litza Halla , Sustaita‐Martínez Jesús Israel , García‐de la Cruz Ramón Fernando
Published: March 2012

The sorption of Cd2+ onto nonliving Typha latifolia roots was investigated using carbon paste electrodes modified with a powder formed from the ground dried root. The equilibria, kinetics, and proton exchange processes associated with the biosorption process were determined. Cd2+ was found to accumulate on the root‐modified electrode under open circuit conditions, and the electrode was transferred to an electrochemical cell for square wave anodic stripping voltammetry measurements. The measured currents were proportional to the amount of Cd2+ adsorbed onto the root, which permitted the biosorption process to be measured as a function of cadmium solution concentration, time, and pH. The equilibrium values were fit to the Langmuir or Freundlich equations, and that the Langmuir isotherm model was found to provide a better fit than the Freundlich model. The pH‐dependent sorption curves showed that the accumulation of cadmium proceeded with proton exchange, and each adsorbed cadmium ion resulted in expulsion of two protons. The sorption kinetics were studied, the data obtained were fit to two models: a pseudo‐second‐order model and an intraparticle diffusion model. The pseudo‐second‐order model provided the best description of the bioadsorption data. These results indicated that these methodologies have clear advantages over existing methods, because the amount of reagents and sorbent used for the experiments are much less than are required for batch experiments.
A Psychometric Evaluation of an English Version of the Utrecht Coping List
Authors: Turner Hannah , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Peveler Robert , Bucks Romola S.
Published: March 2012

Introduction and aims

Although coping styles in individuals with eating disorders have received increased research interest in recent years, there remains a lack of brief, self‐report measures that can reliably measure coping. This study developed an English version of the Utrecht Coping List (UCL) and evaluated its psychometric properties in a UK population.

Method

This was a cross‐sectional study. Three hundred and fifteen participants completed the UCL and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced scale (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989). Of these, 124 completed the UCL again 6 weeks later.

Results

The UCL demonstrated strong internal consistency. Five of the seven subscales had good test–retest reliability. With the exception of the expression of emotion subscale in men, concurrent validity with the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced subscales was good.

Discussion

Although its use with men requires further investigation, this translated version of the UCL represents a reliable and valid measure of coping in women. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A proportional fairness backoff scheme for funnelling effect in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Chen Yuanfang , Li Mingchu , Shu Lei , Wang Lei , Hara Takahiro
Published: March 2012

The many‐to‐one and hop‐by‐hop traffic pattern in wireless sensor networks exhibits a unique funnelling effect that results in a significant increase in transit traffic intensity, package collision among different links and congestion as closing toward the sink. Some techniques, such as congestion control and aggregation, can help counter these problems. However, they cannot fully alleviate funnelling effect. In this paper, we use a different and novel approach to solve this problem. The proportional fairness backoff scheme is based on the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance protocol and makes the network's throughput maximum with proportional fairness (data transmission fairness between different nodes). Furthermore, this proportional fairness backoff scheduling scheme can dynamically adjust each sensor node's backoff window on the basis of Kelly's shadow price theory. Further, on the basis of the newly designed throughput analysis model, we discuss the throughput of the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance‐type network. With theoretical analysis and extensive simulations, we show that proportional fairness backoff can effectively mitigate funnelling effect and then improve the network's throughput; at the same time, it keeps effective throughput increase even if the network is high‐loaded. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mixed variational principles for the evolution problem of gradient–extended dissipative solids
Authors: Miehe Christian
Published: March 2012

This work develops minimization and saddle point principles for a class of gradient–extended dissipative solids, incorporating micro–structural fields (micro–displacements, order parameters or generalized internal variables), whose gradients enter the energy storage and dissipation potential functions. In contrast to classical local continuum approaches to inelastic solids based on locally evolving internal variables, these global micro–structural fields are governed by additional balance–type partial differential equations including micro–structural boundary conditions. Typical examples are theories of phase field evolution, gradient damage or strain gradient plasticity. Such models incorporate non–local effects based on length scales, which reflect properties of the material micro–structure. We outline a unified variational framework for the evolution problem of first–order gradient–extended standard dissipative solids. Particular emphasis is put on mixed multi–field representations, where both the microstructural variable itself as well as the local driving forces are present (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On convergence properties of variational constitutive updates for elasto‐visco‐plasticity
Authors: Brassart Laurence , Stainier Laurent
Published: March 2012

This paper deals with J2 elasto‐visco‐plasticity and analyzes in details a variational formulation of associated constitutive updates. The variational formulation is briefly presented and compared with the traditional radial return algorithm. Differences are highlighted in the case of combined hardening and rate‐dependency models. In that case, the variational formulation introduces an algorithmic parameter, which effect is analyzed on precision and convergence behavior. A practical rule is proposed for choosing an optimal value for this parameter (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Partially relaxed energy potentials for the modelling of microstructures – application to shape memory alloys
Authors: Bartel Thorsten , Menzel Andreas
Published: March 2012

Energy relaxation is well‐established by several researchers – especially in the field of the modelling of solid‐solid phase transformations. Nevertheless, critics still counter this concept by considering it as a purely mathematical tool with poor physical significance. In this contribution we aim at emphasising the significance of energy relaxation methods for the modelling of dissipative solids and especially microstructure formation and its further evolution. In particular, we shall point out aspects and advantages of this concept which are not straight forward to achieve within alternative schemes (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermodynamics of multiphase problems in viscoelasticity
Authors: Paoli Laetitia , Petrov Adrien
Published: March 2012

This paper deals with a three‐dimensional mixture model describing materials undergoing phase transition with thermal expansion. The problem is formulated within the framework of generalized standard solids by the coupling of the momentum equilibrium equation and the ßow rule with the heat transfer equation. A global solution for this thermodynamically consistent problem is obtained by using a Þxed‐point argument combined with global energy estimates (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Relationships between gray matter, body mass index, and waist circumference in healthy adults
Authors: Kurth Florian , Levitt Jennifer G. , Phillips Owen R. , Luders Eileen , Woods Roger P. , Mazziotta John C. , Toga Arthur W. , Narr Katherine L.
Published: March 2012

Obesity and overweight are often defined by the body mass index (BMI), which associates with metabolic and cardiovascular disease, and possibly with dementia as well as variations in brain volume. However, body fat distribution and abdominal obesity (as measured by waist circumference) is more strongly correlated with cardiovascular and metabolic risk than is BMI. While prior studies have revealed negative associations between gray matter tissue volumes and BMI, the relationship with respect to waist circumference remains largely unexplored. We therefore investigated the effects of both BMI and waist circumference on local gray matter volumes in a group of 115 healthy subjects screened to exclude physical or mental disorders that might affect the central nervous system. Results revealed significant negative correlations for both BMI and waist circumference where regional gray matter effects were largest within the hypothalamus and further encompassed prefrontal, anterior temporal and inferior parietal cortices, and the cerebellum. However, associations were more widespread and pronounced for waist circumference than BMI. Follow‐up analyses showed that these relationships differed significantly across gender. While associations were similar for both BMI and waist circumference for males, females showed more extensive correlations for waist circumference. Our observations suggest that waist circumference is a more sensitive indicator than BMI, particularly in females, for potentially determining the adverse effects of obesity and overweight on the brain and associated risks to health. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasma clozapine and norclozapine in relation to prescribed dose and other factors in patients aged 65 years and over: data from a therapeutic drug monitoring service, 1996–2010
Authors: Bowskill Sally , Couchman Lewis , MacCabe James Hunter , Flanagan Robert James
Published: March 2012

Objective

To investigate the effect of dose and other factors on plasma clozapine concentrations in patients aged 65 years and over.

Method

Audit of clozapine therapeutic drug monitoring data, 1996–2010.

Results

There were 1930 samples [778 patients, 363 men aged (median, range) 67 (65–100) years and 415 women aged 68 (65–90) years]. There was no significant difference in the mean plasma clozapine concentration between men (0.56 mg/l) and women (0.58 mg/l), although the mean dose was higher in men (323 mg/d) than women (264 mg/d). The higher proportion of men (46%) compared with women (37%) smokers could explain this finding. Overall, 32% of samples had plasma clozapine below, and 37% above, a target range of 0.35–0.60 mg/l. Overall, the median dose decreased from 300 (65–70 years) to 200 mg/d (age 85 years and over). However, prescription of >350 mg/d was associated with a 50% likelihood that the plasma clozapine would exceed 0.60 mg/l. For a subgroup of 196 patients (114 men, 82 women), mean plasma clozapine was significantly higher after age 65 despite significantly lower dosage.

Conclusion

Clozapine dosage in elderly patients should be reviewed regularly to minimise the risk of adverse effects. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thymidylate synthase mRNA levels in plasma and tumor as potential predictive biomarkers for raltitrexed sensitivity in gastric cancer
Authors: Shen Jie , Wang Hao , Wei Jia , Yu Lixia , Xie Li , Qian Xiaoping , Zou Zhengyun , Liu Baorui , Guan Wenxian
Published: March 2012

Different chemotherapeutic agents currently available are effective only in certain subsets of patients. Predictive biomarkers will be helpful in choosing those agents and can improve the clinical efficiency by a more personalized chemotherapeutic approach. Raltitrexed is a novel water‐soluble quinazoline folate analogue and can improve the efficiency of gastric cancer treatment, but its predictive biomarker remains unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of plasma and tumor thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA levels as predictive biomarkers for raltitrexed in gastric cancer. In total, 125 freshly removed gastric tumor specimens and corresponding blood samples before surgery were collected. Raltitrexed sensitivity was determined by histoculture drug response assay procedures. TS mRNA levels in tumor and plasma were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Plasma TS mRNA level in cancer patients was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (p = 0.009) and was significantly correlated with TS mRNA level in tumor tissues (r = 0.665, p < 0.001). Tumor and plasma TS mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in raltitrexed‐sensitive group than in resistant group (p = 0.007 and 0.013, respectively). The sensitivity and accuracy of raltitrexed sensitivity prediction based on plasma TS mRNA levels were 82 and 60%, respectively, whereas the prediction based on tumor TS mRNA reached 70% sensitivity and 68% accuracy. These results indicate that TS mRNA level in plasma can mirror tumor TS mRNA level, and both of them can be used to predict raltitrexed sensitivity in gastric cancer.