bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
South Korea’s and Taiwan’s Territorial Disputes with Japan, 1990s to 2018
Authors: Lai Christina
Published: June 2020

South Korea and Taiwan are former Japanese colonies that have undergone similar processes of state-building since WWII. But they have chosen different rhetorical frameworks in their maritime disputes with Japan. In South Korea, negotiating with Japan can be viewed as threatening the country’s independence and pride, whereas in the Taiwanese government, cooperation with Japan is considered mutually beneficial. Why have these two countries taken such divergent stances toward Japan?

This article examines the territorial disputes between South Korea and Japan over Dokdo, and between Taiwan and Japan over the Senkaku Islands. It sets forth a rhetorical framework of comparison, and it proposes a constructivist perspective in understanding South Korea’s and Taiwan’s legitimation strategies toward Japan from the late 1990s to 2018. This comparative study suggests that the differences between their legitimation strategies can be traced to their different colonial experiences with Japan.
Gels for constant and smart delivery of insulin
Authors: Taylor M Joan , Chauhan Krishan P , Sahota Tarsem S
Published: June 2020

The focus of this review is the role of gelatinous materials for oral, transdermal and peritoneal insulin platforms as alternatives to the ubiquitous subcutaneous depot approach. Hydrogels that form hydrated, cohesive materials and the topologically complex micellar types can add ligand interaction, bond vulnerability and rheological characteristics to develop reliable programmed release, including closed loop (automated basal and bolus) activity in non-oral routes. In addition, the potential protection of the protein and likely increased paracellular uptake mean that orally active insulin is feasible. While unlikely to be suitable for closed loop delivery, the driver for gut absorption is not only to increase the convenience and decrease dosage trauma, but to target the mesentery-portal vasculature rather than peripheral tissue, thus improving hepatic glycogen equilibrium and reducing the obesogenic effect and hypoglycaemic episodes.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multidisciplinary approach towards a cardiometabolic liver disease
Authors: Ruissen Merel M , Mak Anne Linde , Beuers Ulrich , Tushuizen Maarten E , Holleboom Adriaan G
Published: June 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health problem with a global prevalence of over 25% and prevalence rates of over 60% in high-risk populations. It is considered the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome and is associated with an increased risk of the development of various liver-associated and cardiometabolic complications. Given the complexity of NAFLD and associated comorbidities and complications, treatment requires interventions from a variety of different healthcare specialties. However, many clinicians are currently insufficiently aware of the potential harm and severity of NAFLD and associated comorbidities, complications and the steps that should be taken when NAFLD is suspected. Recognizing which patients suffer from non-progressive simple steatosis, metabolically active NASH with high risk of developing cardiovascular disease and which patients have a high risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is important. Unfortunately, this can be difficult and guidelines towards the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approach are ambivalent. Here we review the pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of NAFLD and discuss how multidisciplinary care path development could move forward.
HEREDITARY ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: CURRENT STATE-OF-THE-ART AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES: History of the multiple endocrine neoplasia workshops and overview of MEN2019
Authors: Grubbs Elizabeth , Halperin Daniel , Waguespack Steven G , Gagel Robert F
Published: June 2020

The multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) workshops had their beginnings at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario in June 1984. This initial meeting brought clinicians and scientists together to focus on mapping the gene for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). These efforts culminated in the identification of the RET protooncogene as the causative gene a decade later. Over the next 35 years there were a total of 16 international workshops focused on the several MEN syndromes. Importantly, these workshops were instrumental in efforts to define the molecular basis for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), MEN2, von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL), Carney Complex, hereditary pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism. In this same spirit some 150 scientists and clinicians met at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 27–29 March 2019, for the 16th International Workshop on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN2019). Appropriate to its location in a cancer centre, the workshop focused on important issues in the causation and treatment of malignant aspects of the MEN syndromes: medullary thyroid carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, malignant pheochromocytoma and parathyroid carcinoma. Workshops at the meeting focused on a better understanding of how the identified molecular defects in these genetic syndromes lead to transformation, how to apply targeted kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy to treat these tumours and important clinical management issues. This issue of Endocrine-Related Cancer describes these discussions and recommendations.
Caracterización sanitaria e identificación de los puntos de contaminación microbiológica en la cadena de comercialización pesquera en el puerto de Pucallpa, Ucayali, Perú
Authors: Rondón E. Juan , Ramos D. Daphne , Vilca L. Miguel , González V. Rosa , Salazar S. Eduardo , Mendoza Q. Yamili
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar sanitariamente la cadena de comercialización pesquera e identificar los puntos de contaminación microbiológica desde el desembarque hasta la venta, en el puerto de Pucallpa, Ucayali, Perú. La pesca artesanal finaliza con el desembarque de botes de madera con motor. Los pescados son lavados en el agua del río, así como el material plástico y tinas dentro de los 150 m de la ribera. Los pescados son trasladados cubiertos con hielo picado, capas de plástico y cascarilla de arroz. Las instalaciones para la venta son de madera. No hay programas de desinfección ni sanitización del área y los residuos sólidos son eliminados en un sector aledaño. Indumentaria de trabajo no es utilizada por los manipuladores del pescado, pero lo usan algunos comercializadores primarios. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos de las muestras de agua estaban dentro de los rangos normales, pero se detectó la presencia de coliformes, E. coli y Pseudomona sp en niveles elevados. En los pescados, los mesófilos estuvieron por encima al Límite Máximo permisible (LMP) en carne de bagre (Siluriforme spp); E. coli estuvo en bajos niveles en la carne de las tres especies evaluadas (boquichico [Prochilodus nigricans], palometa [Mylossoma duriventre] y bagre); Staphylococcus aureus estuvo presente en niveles bajos, pero por encima del LMP en bagres; Salmonella sp, Vibrio cholerae y V. parahemolyticus estuvieron ausentes. En instalaciones, mobiliarios y manos de los manipuladores se encontró E. coli y recuentos elevados de coliformes. Los resultados muestran un manejo artesanal con una bioseguridad deficiente en la cadena de comercialización pesquera y una contaminación microbiológica moderada, tanto en instalaciones y manipuladores como en los pescados.
Detección de Salmonella Javiana en tortugas taricaya (Podocnemis unifilis) en dos parques zoológicos del Perú
Authors: Campos N. Andrea , Morales-Cauti Siever , Navarro O. Armando , Eslava C. Carlos
Published: June 2020

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo serotipificar y determinar el perfil de sensibilidad a antibacterianos de cepas de Salmonella spp aisladas de tortugas taricaya (Podocnemis unifilis) del Parque Zoológico Huachipa (n = 30), Lima, y del Parque Natural de Pucallpa (n = 43), Ucayali, ubicados en la región costa y selva del Perú, respectivamente. Se obtuvieron 73 muestras de hisopados cloacales que fueron inoculados en medios de transporte bacteriano Stuart, medios de enriquecimiento (caldo de tetrationato) y medios selectivos (agar XLD y Salmonella-Shigella), encontrando colonias lactosa negativas típicas de Salmonella, que fueron comprobadas mediante pruebas bioquímicas estándar (4.11%, 3/73). Los resultados de la tipificación serológica utilizando el esquema de Kauffmann-White mostraron que dos de las tres cepas correspondieron a Salmonella Javiana (O9,12:I,Z28:H5) y la otra como no determinada. Las tres muestras positivas fueron de tortugas juveniles, de sexo indefinido y de uno de los dos centros en estudio. Las pruebas de sensibilidad frente a antimicrobianos determinaron que las cepas de S. Javiana fueron sensibles a estreptomicina, trimetopim sulfametoxazol, fosfomicina, furazolidona, gentamicina y cloranfenicol y resistentes a enrofloxacina, y tetraciclina.
Antitumor chemical constituents of Toddalia asiatica (Linn) Lam root bark and its rational alternative medicinal parts by multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Luo Cairong , Liu Jie , Liang Yan , Shen Xiangchun , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhou Wei
Published: June 2020

Toddalia asiatica(Linn) Lam (T. asiatica) as a traditional Miao medicine was investigated to find rational alternative medicinal parts forT. asiaticaroot bark and its antitumor chemical constituents by quantitative pharmacognostic microscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis. A bivariate correlation analysis method based on microscopic characteristics and content of chemical constituents was established for the first time, there were some regular discoveries between powder microscopic characteristics and common chromatographic peaks ofT. asiaticathrough quantitative pharmacognostic microscopy, cork cells, calcium oxalate square crystal, brown clump, starch granule and phloem fiber, as powder microscopic characteristics may be placed where the main chemical constitutes were enriched. Scores plot of principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram of hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) showed that 18T. asiaticasamples were distinguished correctly, clustered clearly into two main groups as follows: S01∼S03 (root bark) and S07∼S09 (stem bark) in cluster 1, S04∼S06 and S10∼S18 in cluster 2. Nineteen common peaks were obtained in HPLC fingerprint ofT. asiatica, loadings plot of PCA indicated seven compounds played important roles in different part of samples (P10 > P08 > P07 > P14 > P16 > P17 > P19), peaks 04, 06, 07, 08, 10 were identified as hesperidin, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, toddalolactone, isopimpinlline and pimpinellin. MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory activity of different medicinal parts ofT. asiaticaon human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, all parts ofT. asiaticahad different inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cell lines, root and stem barks ofT. asiaticashowed the best inhibitory activity. The relationship between chemical constituents and the inhibitions on MCF-7 cell had been established, significant antitumor constituents ofT. asiaticawere identified by correlation analysis, the order of the antitumor effect of the main compounds was P07 (toddalolactone) > P16 > P06 (4-methoxycinnamic acid), P11 > P18 > P10 (pimpinellin) > P08 (isopimpinellin) > P01 > P19 > P14 > P04 (hesperidin) > P17, which were antitumor chemical constituents ofT. asiaticaroot bark.T. asiaticastem bark was the most rational alternative medicinal part forT. asiaticaroot bark.
Relevance of anaerobic bacteremia in adult patients: A never-ending story?
Authors: Gajdács Márió , Urbán Edit
Published: June 2020

Obligate anaerobic bacteria are considered important constituents of the microbiota of humans; in addition, they are also important etiological agents in some focal or invasive infections and bacteremia with a high level of mortality. Conflicting data have accumulated over the last decades regarding the extent in which these pathogens play an intrinsic role in bloodstream infections. Clinical characteristics of anaerobic bloodstream infections do not differ from bacteremia caused by other pathogens, but due to their longer generation time and rigorous growth requirements, it usually takes longer to establish the etiological diagnosis. The introduction of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has represented a technological revolution in microbiological diagnostics, which has allowed for the fast, accurate and reliable identification of anaerobic bacteria at a low sample cost. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the currently available literature data on the prevalence of anaerobic bacteremia in adults for physicians and clinical microbiologists and to shed some light on the complexity of this topic nowadays.
Monisme Identitas Etnik dan Reliji di Mataram Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Fuadi Abdulloh
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses the discourse about the complexity of ethnic and religious identity monism in Mataram Lombok West Nusa Tenggara; Sasak ethnic is Islam, while Balinese ethnic is Hindu. The question is then does religious conversion also include ethnic conversion? Methodologically, this paper is library research. Several notes related to this discourse are as follows: (1) Increasing conflict escalation occurs during the Reformation era. Identity politics emerge and strengthen. In several conflicts at Mataram, the ethnic and religious identity is thickening. (2) There is a complexity between democracy and diversity. Democracy demands unity, while multiculturalism emphasizes particularity. Balancing them is easy in theory but difficult in practice. (3) It must be distinguished between politics and politicization. In the case of Indonesia, ethnic and religious issues are often politicized by some people to achieve their own group goals. (4) Relying on ethnicity is a natural instinct in self-defense and affirming identity. This is not necessary to be troubled and blamed. (5) These problems are like a Pandora's box, a box full of diseases. It was the reform era that opened the box which had been closed or covered by the New Order. What happened in the Reformation Era is the emergence of various ethnic and religious problems which were not recognized during the New Order era.
The Plurality and Minority in Religiousity (A Study on the Civil Right of Sunda Wiwitan Followers In Cigugur Kuningan)
Authors: Rustandi Nanang
Published: June 2020

The different belief among individual is an undeniable reality in history or man. The study on plurality and minority showed the dynamics of change in all parts of the world including in Indonesia. One of the local beliefs in Indonesia is Sunda Wiwitan. This article is aimed to observe the religiosity life especially the follower of Sunda Wiwitan in getting their civil rights as the citizens of a state. The study showed that there was a tendency of unfairness to the local belief followers especially in getting their civil rights. Whereas the power and ability of religiosity oriented to the multicultural which accept the plurality. The plurality acceptance was not taken for granted. It needed reinforcement and experience to be able to do religious deconstruction. The state, in this context, as the regulator should recheck the civil rights demand into the policies. Thus, it could give the same right for all the citizen including the local belief followers.
Análise das Habilidades e Atitudes na Aprendizagem Significativa Crítica de Fenômenos Físicos no Contexto das Séries Iniciais
Authors: Magalhães Arthur Philipe Cândido , Villagrá Jesus Angel Meneses , Greca Ileana María
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta resultados parciais de uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento realizada nas séries iniciais cujo propósito é analisar o desempenho dos estudantes quanto às habilidades e atitudes desenvolvidas durante o estudo do conceito de calor e seus efeitos para produzir mudanças de estados nas substâncias. O estudo foi realizado por meio de abordagem qualitativa, com objetivo descritivo-explicativo, adotando como procedimento o estudo de caso. Foram coletados dados sobre habilidades e conhecimentos científicos desenvolvidos pelos estudantes do terceiro ano, nas diferentes etapas da Metodologia da Indagação utilizada, fundamentada na Teoria da Aprendizagem Crítica Significativa. Os resultados mostram evidências de que as atividades dessa metodologia possibilitam maior motivação e interesse para o estudo da ciência, expansão do vocabulário científico da criança, aquisição de novos conceitos, além de favorecer as possibilidades de interação social, o uso de questionamento e a compreensão de alguns procedimentos necessários em pesquisa científica.
O Ensino de Ciências e a Saúde: por uma Docência Intercultural e Crítico-Reflexiva na Escola Básica
Authors: Neves Fagner Henrique Guedes , Queiroz Paulo Pires de
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O artigo relata o andamento de uma investigação sobre confluências entre uma perspectiva holística da saúde, a interculturalidade e a formação do professor de Ciências do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa buscou analisar os impactos de dinâmicas dialógicas e práticas pedagógicas interculturais nas impressões de licenciandos e professores da escola básica sobre a saúde e a educação intercultural. Utilizou-se uma metodologia participativa que permitiu planejar, experimentar e avaliar coletivamente práticas pedagógicas interculturais numa rede municipal de ensino da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. O empreendimento tem favorecido reflexões críticas sobre os instrumentos e as finalidades da docência emancipatória, identificando uma significativa influência da interculturalidade na construção de conceitos e condutas voltadas à saúde física, mental e social. A análise pontua, ainda, que a proposta não pode ser limitada a escalas pontuais ou a momentos episódicos na esfera escolar, devendo ser cultivada diariamente na formação e na carreira docente.
Instrumentos para avaliação de habilidades de comunicação no cuidado em saúde no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Araújo Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto de , Menezes Pedro Wlisses dos Santos , Cavaco Afonso Miguel das Neves , Mesquita Alessandra Rezende , Lyra Júnior Divaldo Pereira de
Published: June 2020

O ensino de habilidades de comunicação é indispensável aos profissionais de saúde. Este estudo objetivou identificar instrumentos validados no português do Brasil que avaliam habilidades de comunicação de estudantes ou profissionais da saúde. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão de escopo que incluiu estudos de validação de instrumentos para avaliação de habilidades de comunicação de estudantes/profissionais da área da Saúde. Foram identificados quatro instrumentos, traduzidos e validados para o português do Brasil. Validação de conteúdo, validação de construto e o teste de consistência interna foram realizados com maior frequência. Esta revisão identificou um número reduzido de instrumentos para avaliar habilidades de comunicação e dados limitados de validade e confiabilidade dos instrumentos.
La enfermedad como signo y las formas simbólicas del cuerpo enfermo en el horizonte de comprensión de la dermatología decimonónica
Authors: Cardona-Rodas Hilderman
Published: June 2020

Resumen La dermatología clínica del siglo XIX fundamenta y despliega un pensamiento por similitud en una estética de la representación de lo que puede ser comprendido como enfermedad. Así, las superficies patológicas suministran un material de reflexión y apropiación del cuerpo enfermo donde confluyen cuerpo, lenguaje y acontecimiento para darle sentido a las alteraciones que confluyen en el estado patológico. Este texto reflexiona sobre esas formas simbólicas del nombrar la enfermedad que tienen lugar en descripciones, observaciones clínicas, tratados de dermatología, atlas de anatomía patológica o álbumes iconográficos del siglo XIX, donde es posible ver un régimen de visualización de lo patológico que se revela en la percepción médica de la lesión y su localización. El análisis de las enfermedades de la piel que desfiguran al rostro a partir de algunos registros clínicos e iconográficos de finales del siglo XIX pone en juego un vínculo entre imagen y palabra en términos de una eficacia dermatológica en las maneras de capturar la experiencia de la enfermedad, que tiene al cuerpo enfermo como teatro de sensibilidad performativa.
Gradient Method for Continuous Influence Maximization with Budget-Saving Considerations
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhang Weizhong , Zhao Haoyu
Published: June 2020

Continuous influence maximization (CIM) generalizes the original influence maximization by incorporating general marketing strategies: a marketing strategy mix is a vector x = (x1, …, xd) such that for each node v in a social network, v could be activated as a seed of diffusion with probability hv(x), where hv is a strategy activation function satisfying DR-submodularity. CIM is the task of selecting a strategy mix x with constraint ∑ixi ≤ k where k is a budget constraint, such that the total number of activated nodes after the diffusion process, called influence spread and denoted as g(x), is maximized. In this paper, we extend CIM to consider budget saving, that is, each strategy mix x has a cost c(x) where c is a convex cost function, and we want to maximize the balanced sum g(x) + λ(k − c(x)) where λ is a balance parameter, subject to the constraint of c(x) ≤ k. We denote this problem as CIM-BS. The objective function of CIM-BS is neither monotone, nor DR-submodular or concave, and thus neither the greedy algorithm nor the standard result on gradient method could be directly applied. Our key innovation is the combination of the gradient method with reverse influence sampling to design algorithms that solve CIM-BS: For the general case, we give an algorithm that achieves (½ − ε)-approximation, and for the case of independent strategy activations, we present an algorithm that achieves (1 − 1/e − ε) approximation.
Cross-Lingual Pre-Training Based Transfer for Zero-Shot Neural Machine Translation
Authors: Ji Baijun , Zhang Zhirui , Duan Xiangyu , Zhang Min , Chen Boxing , Luo Weihua
Published: June 2020

Transfer learning between different language pairs has shown its effectiveness for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) in low-resource scenario. However, existing transfer methods involving a common target language are far from success in the extreme scenario of zero-shot translation, due to the language space mismatch problem between transferor (the parent model) and transferee (the child model) on the source side. To address this challenge, we propose an effective transfer learning approach based on cross-lingual pre-training. Our key idea is to make all source languages share the same feature space and thus enable a smooth transition for zero-shot translation. To this end, we introduce one monolingual pre-training method and two bilingual pre-training methods to obtain a universal encoder for different languages. Once the universal encoder is constructed, the parent model built on such encoder is trained with large-scale annotated data and then directly applied in zero-shot translation scenario. Experiments on two public datasets show that our approach significantly outperforms strong pivot-based baseline and various multilingual NMT approaches.
True Nonlinear Dynamics from Incomplete Networks
Authors: Jiang Chunheng , Gao Jianxi , Magdon-Ismail Malik
Published: June 2020

We study nonlinear dynamics on complex networks. Each vertex i has a state xi which evolves according to a networked dynamics to a steady-state xi*. We develop fundamental tools to learn the true steady-state of a small part of the network, without knowing the full network. A naive approach and the current state-of-the-art is to follow the dynamics of the observed partial network to local equilibrium. This dramatically fails to extract the true steady state. We use a mean-field approach to map the dynamics of the unseen part of the network to a single node, which allows us to recover accurate estimates of steady-state on as few as 5 observed vertices in domains ranging from ecology to social networks to gene regulation. Incomplete networks are the norm in practice, and we offer new ways to think about nonlinear dynamics when only sparse information is available.
Modality to Modality Translation: An Adversarial Representation Learning and Graph Fusion Network for Multimodal Fusion
Authors: Mai Sijie , Hu Haifeng , Xing Songlong
Published: June 2020

Learning joint embedding space for various modalities is of vital importance for multimodal fusion. Mainstream modality fusion approaches fail to achieve this goal, leaving a modality gap which heavily affects cross-modal fusion. In this paper, we propose a novel adversarial encoder-decoder-classifier framework to learn a modality-invariant embedding space. Since the distributions of various modalities vary in nature, to reduce the modality gap, we translate the distributions of source modalities into that of target modality via their respective encoders using adversarial training. Furthermore, we exert additional constraints on embedding space by introducing reconstruction loss and classification loss. Then we fuse the encoded representations using hierarchical graph neural network which explicitly explores unimodal, bimodal and trimodal interactions in multi-stage. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple datasets. Visualization of the learned embeddings suggests that the joint embedding space learned by our method is discriminative.
Development of sustainable flame-retardant materials
Authors: Ngo TriDung
Published: June 2020

Due to environmental concerns and the depleted availability of petroleum resources, green and natural renewable materials have increasingly received much attention for different industrial applications. The incorporation of renewable resources in materials is a viable means to reduce environmental impact and support sustainable development in industry. Regarding these concerns, flame-retardant materials are not an exception. This paper discusses and highlights state-of-the-art approaches to designing novel flame-retardant materials and spurring future research, including development, processing, testing and utilization of these materials in a diverse range of products, as well as the promising prospects for applications. The emerging information will pave the way for further assessment and ultimately the identification and development of suitable flame-retardant materials for future utilization.
BÜTÜNLEŞİK ÇKKV YAKLAŞIMI İLE FİNANSAL BOYUTTA TÜRK İNŞAAT FİRMALARININ PERFORMANSININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: HACIFETTAHOĞLU Özlem , PERÇİN Selçuk
Published: June 2020

Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında demiryolu hatlarının yapımıyla başlayan inşaat sektörü, 1950 ve 1960 yıllarında da devamlılığını sürdürmüştür. Daha sonra kamu alt yapı yatırımlarının artışı ve Türkiye’nin NATO’ya girmesiyle ülkemizdeki inşaat firmalarının yabancı firmalar ile çalışma ortamı elde etmiş olması inşaat sektörünün gelişimini hızlandırmıştır. Günümüzde ise 2005 ve 2016 yılları arasında işgücü istatistiklerine baktığımızda inşaat sektörünün payı 2005 yılında %5,6 iken bu oran yıllar itibariyle artarak 2016 yılında %7,3’e ulaşmıştır. Büyüyen sektörde firmaların sayısında yaşanan artışlar sonucunda rekabet artmış ve finansal performans değerlendirmesi önemli bir konu olmuştur. Finansal performans değerlendirmesi sırasında araştırmacının birçok kriteri dikkate alması gerekir. Bu durumda finansal analizin çok kriterli bir problem olduğu sonucuna ulaşılabilir. Ancak literatür incelendiğinde inşaat firmalarının finansal performansını çok kriterli bir problem olarak değerlendiren çalışmaların eksikliği dikkat çekmektedir. Bu sebeple, bu çalışmanın amacı inşaat firmalarının finansal performanslarını çok kriterli değerlendirmek ve literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada oran analizi tabanında çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analizi gerçekleştirebilmek için BIST inşaat firmalarının 2016 yılı mali tabloları incelenmiş ve oran analizi uygulanmıştır. Uygulamanın devamında kriterleri objektif olarak ağırlıklandıran Entropi yöntemi ile kriterlerin ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra inşaat firmalarını sıralayabilmek amacıyla TOPSIS-VIKOR yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Son olarak ise Borda kuralı yöntemiyle nihai bir performans sıralaması elde edilmiştir.
OBJECTIVES, FUNCTION, AND TEACHING MATERIAL OF INDONESIAN LITERATURE IN CURRICULUM KTSP AND K13 AT SMA LEVEL
Authors: Triono Eko , Suwandi Sarwiji , Andayani Andayani
Published: June 2020

In its teaching, literature undergoes a change in approach along with curriculum changes. This study aims to 1) describe the purpose of teaching literature in curriculum KTSP and K13 at the level of high school; 2) to describe the function of literary teaching in the curriculum of KTSP and K13 in SMA; and 3) to describe the literary teaching materials in the curriculum of KTSP and K13 at SMA level. This research is qualitative descriptive type. The research data is obtained from document archive, informant, and textbook of Indonesian KTSP and K13. Data validity is done by triangulation method and data triangulation. Data collection techniques are content analysis and structured interviews. Data were analyzed interactively. The results of this research are the purpose of teaching literature in KTSP and K13 at SMA level is that students are able to analyze and create literary works, as well as develop individual and social character through literary works. The function of literary teaching in KTSP and K13 is to make literary works as a means of achieving language skills. Third, the literary teaching materials in KTSP and K13 are short stories, poems, plays, novels, reviews.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR BAHASA INDONESIA TERINTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKATIF
Authors: Erika Cicilia Nian
Published: June 2020

The research and development of Indonesian textbooks is very important especially for the textbook which integrates character education using communicative approach. Many textbooks have been published, but they are often only for reference in assignments and exercises. The existing textbooks do not fully use text that is a genre in learning Indonesian, namely the pedagogic genre. This research aims to produce forms of competence, material forms, forms of tasks, and forms of assessment in the development of Indonesian Language and Literature textbooks integrated with character education based on communicative approaches for junior high school. The method used was research and development with reference to the Borg and Gall model. The showed that learning devices, teaching books, are feasible to implement. In addition, practitioners' assessment of the implementation of this textbook is 3,526 categories "Good". Likewise, the assessment of students in the three aspects occupies the highest category of Good. Therefore, the development of the Indonesian Language and Literature textbook can already be said to be feasible to use for the teachers and the students of Junior High School, especially for SMP Pangudi Luhur 1  in Yogyakarta.
The role of the ultrasound examination of the brachial plexus in thoracic outlet syndrome
Authors: Druzhinin D. S. , Nikitin S. S. , Boriskina L. M. , Druzhinina E. S. , Novikov M. L. , Eliseeva A. A.
Published: June 2020

Introduction.Difficulties in determining the compression of the neurovascular bundle with the thoracic outlet syndrome raises the question of finding an accessible and reproducible method for the neuroimaging of the brachial plexus and surrounding tissues.

Purpose of the study– to develop an ultrasound diagnostic algorithm using a stress test to determine the level and cause of brachial plexus compression in comparison with the results of a clinical assessment.

Materials and methods.111 patients with verified compression of the brachial plexus at the level of the interstitial (65.7 %) and bone-clavicular space (21.6 %), as well as the tendon of the pectoralis minor muscle (12.6 %) were examined. The study protocol including the Adson ultrasound stress test, the assessment of the lower trunk in the interstitial space, and the test with ultrasound evaluation of the axillary artery at the level of the tendon of the pectoralis minor muscle with passive abduction of the arm back and up was used.

Conclusion.An ultrasound study of the brachial plexus demonstrated informativeness in assessing the level and possible cause of compression, which opens up the possibility of using the method in routine neurological practice.
Diagnostic capabilities of transcranial magnetic stimulation to predict motor recovery after a stroke
Authors: Nazarova M. A. , Novikov P. A. , Nikulin V. V. , Ivanova G. E.
Published: June 2020

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a method of focal non-invasive brain stimulation, characterized by high spatial and temporal resolution. To date, diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation has been used in clinical practice primarily to assess an involvement of the upper motor neurons and to measure the velocity of the neuronal impulse propagation. However, in the last 10 years, a possible range of transcranial magnetic stimulation diagnostic applications has significantly expanded. Many transcranial magnetic stimulation approaches are coming from scientific laboratories to clinical practice due to an increased availability of transcranial magnetic stimulation equipment, in particular, magnetic resonance imaging navigation for transcranial magnetic stimulation and a combination of the transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography and also due to an increased awareness of the clinicians. The diagnostic potential of transcranial magnetic stimulation in relation to motor recovery after a stroke can be classified into 4 directions:

1) assessment of the vertical tracts integrity (primarily, the cortico-spinal tract); 2) an assessment of the cortical excitation-inhibition balance;

3) probing of the functional and effective connectivity among brain regions (primarily, cortical convexity and cerebellum);

4) motor mapping to evaluate cortical reorganization.

In this article we will present these 4 directions of the transcranial magnetic stimulation application to study motor system pathophysiology and to predict motor outcome in stroke, including both existing and developing approaches.
HIS BEATITUDE LUBOMYR HUSAR ABOUT THE UNITY OF THE CHURCH, STATE AND THE DIASPORA
Authors: Verbytskyi Volodymyr
Published: June 2020

The article considers a very important factor of His Beatitude Lubomyr Husar (Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church), who actively supported together with his followers, the most positive tendencies towards the development and pacification of Ukraine.
The main idea of the article is to analyze, through the prism of the historical processes of creation and existence of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, the work of His Beatitude Lyubomyr Guzar, as well as the influence of the phenomenon of the international activities of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church on and its cooperation with the state in various fields. culture, language and national traditions, as well as in the structure of the state and the foreign policy of Ukraine. In addition, the article discusses the great contribution of His Beatitude Lubomyr Husar, as the head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church to the development and support of the Ukrainian diaspora abroad, which further contributed to the formation of numerous public associations of foreign Ukrainian in the world's states and linguistic, educational and cultural needs. The activity of public organizations of foreign Ukrainian is aimed at preserving its identity, language, culture and traditions. These activities are also implemented in joint projects of foreign diplomatic institutions of Ukraine and public organizations of foreign Ukrainian, directed, in particular, to scientific and educational projects, issuing periodicals with organizations, preparing and broadcasting television and radio programs, supporting Internet resources, publishing publications on Ukrainian topics. In mass media abroad, improvement of burial places (places of memory) of outstanding Ukrainian graves abroad, organization of children's lags her with the purpose of their acquaintance with the traditions of the Ukrainian language, literature, history of Ukraine, providing educational institutions with the study of the Ukrainian language and cultural centers of print, photo, audio, video production, objects of national symbols, publishing scientific, journalistic, artistic works and collections for communities of foreign Ukrainian, as well as works of foreign Ukrainian, translation of works of Ukrainian literature in foreign languages, popularization of the Ukrainian language, literature ry, culture, history and traditions of the Ukrainian people, including the teaching of the Ukrainian language, as well as other items in the Ukrainian language, fabrication and installation of plaques, dedicated to outstanding figures of Ukrainian history, science and culture and historical events.
CHRISTOLOGICAL IDEAS IN LIBERAL-PROTESTANT THEOLOGY
Authors: Sokolovsky Oleh
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the Christological problems of liberal theology, which is determined by the idea of unity of the divine and human origin; recognition of religion as a constituent part of culture; granting the prerogative of the historical method in theology over dogmatic. It was established that in recent times, representatives of the liberal Protestant school of exegesis modernized Christology, paying due attention to the terminology apparatus and the presentation of the New Testament plots on an easy to perceive language. A characteristic feature of modern Christology was the reproduction of the image of Christ as a religious teacher and the removal of supernatural elements from it. These ideas, in the form of theological modernism, were condemned by the Roman Catholic Church, but in the context of Protestantism they long existed in the ideology of religious liberalism. In this regard, liberalization in Christology manifests itself in the subjective reflection of the person of Jesus Christ and his activities, built on the experience of the researcher. The mind in this sense should be open to critical perception of information. Liberal theologians denied the doctrines of the Christian church, the content of which was not subject to scientific substantiation, in particular the embodiment of Christ, the Resurrection, the Ascension, the second coming. However, the correlation of religious faith with the latest scientific achievements, for many theologians, created a kind of challenge to adjust the centuries-old Christian tradition with the advent of time. Protestant theology allows you to adapt to the demands of the present, to introduce new tactics and strategies for its development. Having determined the Christological object of Divine worship as a mentor of morality, liberal theology generated modernist concepts that enhanced the morality of Christianity and formed the image of historical Christ. This position has become dominant in the Christological concepts of the representatives of the Tübingen Protestant School, the theology of mediation and new orthodoxy, and to a large extent reflected on the doctrinal basis of modern models of Christology in Christian theology. Given the bias of representatives of liberal theology in covering key aspects of the Christological doctrine of Jesus Christ, the followers of Protestantism launched a separate line of research, called the theology of mediation. The main task of this movement was to reconcile the ideological paradigm between Christian faith and scientific knowledge.
PROBABILISTIC METHOD OF RICHARD SWINBURNE AS A MEANS OF CONSTRUCTING A NEW THEISTIC COSMOLOGY
Authors: Gudyma Ihor
Published: June 2020

In the article a comprehensive study of the probabilistic method of the famous British theologian and philosopher Richard Swinburne. This approach serves as a means of constructing a new theistic cosmology. Richard Swinburne's philosophical and theological project is ambitious and significant. He prefers to combine the truths of faith and the achievements of modern science. However, this should be under the auspices of the religious worldview. This combination is carried out by the author from the standpoint of probabilism. It relies on the selection of inductive evidence of the existence of God and ultimately must demonstrate the proper probability of a central position in the religious worldview – "God exists". Such a combination is, according to the author, the living and active soul of his own "hypothesis of theism". This hypothesis is intended to explain the emergence of the universe, the causes of its occurrence, the existence and functioning of its permanent laws, its orientation to the emergence of animals and the appearance of man.
The author widely uses the inductive proof of the existence of God. But he also does not avoid deduction. He deduces the main attributes of God through deduction, interprets the "God-world" relation, examines the essence of God's providential care of the world, together with ethics, gives his vision of the theodicy. The construction of a new theistic cosmology is realized mainly within the limits and means of the apologetics of Swinburne. In this system of knowledge, various ways of proving the existence of God are investigated. Subsequently they receive a proper theological assessment. And, then, it's about faith that seeks understanding. It is shown how the large-scale and ambitious project of constructing a new theology, the author failed to fully realize. The article states that Swinburne prefers to preserve the theoretical orientation of his theorizing, as well as their intellectual respectability and significance. And hence, it significantly degrades its own concept, because it does not fully utilize the theoretical resources of classical theism with its reliance on Revelation.
RELIGIOUS IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ETHNO-NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Authors: Каlаch Viacheslav
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the peculiarities of the formation of religious identity in the dynamics of geopolitical processes in Ukraine, which depend on historical conditions, features of the economic and socio-political structure, democratic and cultural traditions of society, the level of legal and moral development of its members and the ambitions of its leaders. It is proved that religion is a decisive factor in the ethnic life of Ukrainians, and the controversial role of Christianity in ethno-identification and ethno-consolidation processes is noted.
The modern world-wide political, economic and spiritual crisis imposes its imprint on Ukraine as well. As one of the transitional countries of the post-socialist space, our state has not yet found a single-minded vector of its own development, in particular, the ecclesiastical. Ukraine is only on the verge of forming a united national idea and crystallizing its own self-identification on the religious marker.
Religion is the basic semantic-forming component of a unified national identity. Today, religious and ethnic identities are closely intertwined. Therefore, the problem of the ethnorelain factor always attracts significant attention of leading scholars, statesmen and church hierarchs. In Ukraine, a significant number of religious groups completely coincide with the boundaries of a separate ethnic group. The lack of civic consensus on the country's foreign policy, cultural identity, separate sovereign positions of the Ukrainian state, the diverse views of the past and the future at the present makes it impossible to formulate unanimous interests, which negatively affects external and internal policies.
Compared with the Soviet period, religious identity today is a relatively new category. On opposition to the state-civilian benchmark for many Ukrainians, religion is on the forefront. Undeniably, Orthodoxy played a very important role in the formation of the Ukrainian nation and our religious identity. However, today, multiconfessional diversity and inability or reluctance to negotiate, to be tolerant, break Ukraine into several regions. The negative tendency of loss of awareness of Ukrainians of the unity of religion, nation, common spirit is traced.
The formation of religious identity is a long process of formation of society as a whole, and is a consequence of the historical formation of Ukraine as a nation. Religious identification is the reproduction of accumulated social and religious experience in all spheres. World and domestic scholars are unequivocal in the conclusions that the central place in the formation of national identity belongs to religiousness. Religious beliefs that have an indelible imprint of an ethnic group living on a particular territory are precisely the center of the formation of a new national-religious identity of Ukrainian society.
PURGATORY: TO THE QUESTION OF GENESIS AND TRANSFORMATION (HISTORICAL AND RELIGIOUS STUDY ANALYSIS)
Authors: Kuzev Valerii
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to some issues of the formation and transformation of the purgatory doctrine in Catholic philosophical and theological thought. Two aspects of this phenomenon are considered: the probable influence of other religions on the formation of the Christian idea of purgatory and the regress of the retributive component in the concept of purgatory in the modern era. Through a historical-religious analysis the author tests the hypothesis about the influence of other religions on the formation of the Christian doctrine of purgatory. Particular attention is paid to the Zoroastrian idea of a separate place for the middle category of souls. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite a number of common features, the two doctrines reveal significant differences, which does not give us the right to speak about direct borrowing.
In the second part of the article the question of regress of the concept of punitive retribution relative to purgatory is examined. The author reproduces the classical doctrinal system of the purgatory presented in Thomism and compares it with the variation of the doctrine that is represented in modern documents of the Catholic Church. The author holds the opinion that the doctrine of purgatory was formed in the environment of theological legalism and is by its nature a penitentiary concept. The classical concept of purgatory provides that purification is done through punishment.
This concept may be called a "satisfaction model". However, in modern Catholic thought there is a departure from this model in favor of the other. The author claims that now the traditional retributive model of hell – and purgatory has always belonged to the infernal region – is experiencing its decline as a result of deep transformations in the ethical, axiological and legal sphere. Catholic doctrine of purgatory reflects a general tendency to eliminate the retributive element from infernology. According to modern documents of the Catholic Church, purgatory is now understood as a state/place where a person must experience the deep inner transformation necessary to join the divine being. This understanding of purgatory may be called the "sanctification model". Now the Catholic Church is trying to combine these approaches with a noticeable predominance of the second approach. The author believes that in the logical-rational area the indicated connection leads to an imbalance of the entire system, since there are serious internal differences between these approaches.
PROCUREMENT DURING AND AFTER THE CORONAVIRUS EPIDEMIC: HOW TO WORK FURTHER?
Authors: Pleschenko V. I.
Published: June 2020

The rapid spread of the coronavirus epidemic has had a very negative impact on the functioning of existing international supply chains, significantly reduced business activity around the world, and led to the cancellation of previously scheduled travel and meetings. Procurement, as an important part of logistics, has also failed to stay outside the borders of the pandemic crisis. The impact of the epidemic on procurement and the main areas of procurement in the post-coronavirus world are the subject of consideration in this article.