bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Fluidity and Closure in Perpetua’s Prison Diary
Authors: Gold Barbara K.
Published: January 2024

Perpetua’s Passio, a prison diary or narrative, tells the remarkable story of a young Roman Christian woman awaiting martyrdom in the arena in Carthage. This article focuses on the gender ambiguities and fluctuations in the Passio, both in language and in narrative structure. With a particular focus on Perpetua’s fourth vision, in which she “becomes male” (masculus), the article explores the gendered language of the text, the implications of Perpetua’s brief transformation into a male body, the different gender choices made by Perpetua and by her editor, and the role that gender plays as a structuring narratological device.
Erotic Magic, Elegy, and Iambic in Horace’s Epodes
Authors: Chadha Zara
Published: January 2024

This paper explores Horace’s engagement with Latin love elegy through the motif of magic in Epodes 5 and 17. I argue that Horace’s Canidia and the elegiac puellae are constructed in tandem as part of an ongoing dialogue between Horace’s Epodes and early love elegy. Horace literalises the elegiac lovers’ metaphorical characterisation of their mistress’ beauty as magically enchanting to construct Canidia as a witch who controls her lovers with erotic magic. Through Canidia and the theme of magic in the Epodes, Horace uses elegy to define his iambic poetics and to demonstrate that love elegy is central to his development of the Roman iambic tradition.
Echo’s revenge. Ovid’s Metamorphoses and Spike Jonze’s her
Authors: Formisano Marco
Published: January 2024

How productive can a comparison be between an ancient Latin text and a modern film? What are the methodological implications and how might this comparison fundamentally change the perception and interpretation of both text and film? In this article Spike Jonze’s film her (2013) and the episode of Echo and Narcissus in Ovid’s Metamorphoses (book 3) are discussed together, not because it is possible to establish a direct influence of the Latin poem on the work of the American director, but because of a shared central theme, that of voice, in particular a female voice. While reception studies more traditionally seek to reconstruct and demonstrate influences of one work on another, I argue that Donna Haraway’s “diffractive reading” and Hartmut Böhme’s “allelopoiesis” can generate complex and nuanced reading since they productively illuminate the interdependency of the two comparanda. In other words, not only can we better appreciate the role of the female voice in her after having read Ovid’s Echo, but by considering its protagonist Samantha we can appreciate aspects of Echo never considered before. The comparison is rewarding from another perspective as well: it illuminates textuality in the movie and filmic aspects of the text.
‘Affetti’ e diritto. La libertà della nutrice
Authors: Silla Francesco Maria
Published: January 2024

Dal rapporto tra la nutrice e l’infante, nella Roma repubblicana e del Principato, può derivare un intenso legame fondato sulla affectio. Tale legame, documentato nelle fonti letterarie con opinioni differenti sulla opportunità di affidare l’allattamento e la crescita del neonato ad opera della balia, orienta, talvolta, anche le soluzioni dei giuristi, come nel caso della manomissione della nutrice ad opera dell’ex-infante minore di venti anni, in deroga ai divieti stabiliti dalla legge Aelia Sentia del 4 d.C. Il rapporto nutrice-infante sviluppa legami e vincoli incentrati su dati valoriali quali pietas, adfectio, meritum, honestum, che consentono ai giuristi, sebbene con differenti sensibilità, di ‘giustificare’ l’attribuzione della libertas alla nutrice superando le restrizioni legislative.
The Unwanted Gaze? Feminism and the Reception of the Amazons in Wonder Woman
Authors: Penrose Walter D.
Published: January 2024

The ancient Amazons, the equals of men, were among the fiercest opponents faced by the ancient Greek heroes Achilles, Heracles, and Theseus. But were they heroes themselves? As the objects of Greek male anxiety, the Amazons were understood to be a threat to Greek civilization, in part due to their refusal to be subjected to the chief institution of patriarchy: marriage. In the Progressive era of the early 20th century, authors repurposed the myths in order to unlock their feminist potential. William Moulton Marston, the inventor of Wonder Woman, used the Amazons in his comics to illustrate his theories of female superiority. Women were more loving than men, Marston argued, and would ultimately therefore make better rulers. While Marston’s feminism was sometimes questioned due to his portrayal of themes of bondage and domination in the Wonder Woman comics, it must be viewed within his larger platform. Marston brought a feminist message to the masses through his deployment of the Amazons to illustrate the potential of women ruling the world through loving dominance. Marston’s star Amazon, Wonder Woman, became the symbol that motivated the Women’s Liberation Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, a vehicle for later authors such as Perez to bring forward third wave feminist messaging to the masses, and, ultimately, became the heroic protagonist of the 2017 film, Wonder Woman. While her revealing costume has been controversial over the years, and Wonder Woman has been subjected to the male gaze, the film, like the comics before them, utilized a female perspective to question the stranglehold that patriarchy has held over the population.
An Athenian woman’s competence: the case of Xenokrateia
Authors: Blok Josine
Published: January 2024

The famous dedication by Xenokrateia to the river god Kephisos and other divinities not far from the city of Athens in c. 400 BC (NM 2756; IG I3 987; IG II2 4547) is a rare example of a sizeable, public ego-document by a citizen woman. Close reading of the iconography of the votive relief, of the dedicatory epigram and the inscribed offering list, and comparison with other private foundations allow reconstructing Xenokrateia’s sense of her identity and the religious, intellectual and economic competences she must have had to bring this dedication about. As a literate, self-confident and pious Athenian citizen, mother, widow and heiress, she spent on estimation several hundred drachmas on her dedication, pace the law quoted at Is. 10.10. The plot of land involved was either her own property or a place already sacred to Kephisos and the Nymphs, to which she added her own dedication. For the latter possibility, a double relief dedicated by Kephisodotos to the hero Echelos and other deities (NM 1783) provides additional evidence. Xenokrateia’s dedication is exceptional for the detailed, qualitative analysis it allows, but it is not exceptional in quantitative terms: numerous dedications by women show them using similar competences. This approach to the evidence, initiated in recent scholarship, may open new windows on women’s agency in classical Athens.
Seeing (not) seeing: the phenomenology of deviant standpoint as a function of gender and class in Paulinus of Nola, Poems 18
Authors: Dressler Alex
Published: January 2024

Identifying an allusion to classical Greco-Roman poetry in a monologue (or prosopopoeia) of a cowherd by the fourth century Latin poet, Paulinus of Nola (c. 18.276-80), this article explains the emergence of the category of labor as a response to a process of Christian radicalization from the representation of erotic paroxysm in Sappho (fr. 31: “I see nothing in my eyes”), through the classical Latin poets Catullus (c. 51) and Horace (c. 1.13, 22). In view of Paulinus’ renunciation of wealth and repurposing of elite culture for the poor, his reception of Sappho suggests that ancient men of property could recognize the perspectives of their subordinates and resist their own political interests through poetic production, and specifically metapoetics, as a result of the ambiguity of embodiment and sensation posited in the modern philosophy of phenomenology and commonalities of gender and class explicated in post/modern social theory. Attributing the combination of these factors to a “deviation” in “focalization” (D. Fowler) and a “doubling” of “consciousness” (J. Winkler) in the producer of the poem (Paulinus), the article uses the Marxist-feminist concept of standpoint to develop a phenomenological approach to literary history, which promises to recover, not the experience of the poor and marginal (or “subaltern”) in ancient literature, but the form of their experience, as an “imputation of consciousness” (G. Lukács), which may well be a distinctive mark of literature.
Gendering the Roman imago
Authors: Webb Lewis
Published: January 2024

This article provides a gender perspective on the Roman imago, the male ancestor mask, by arguing that imagines were deeply entangled in elite women’s lives in the Republic and Empire. When an elite woman was a filia, they were a vivid and didactic presence in the atrium of her natal home. When she was a nupta and uxor, copies of her patrilineal and matrilineal imagines were transferred from her natal home to her marital home. When she was a matrona and mater, her marital home could accrue more imagines when her male relatives attained the aedileship (or the higher curule magistracies) and she herself could use them didactically with her children. If an elite woman’s marriage was dissolved by death or divorce, any surviving children might inherit copies of her bridal imagines. When an elite woman died, a pompa imaginum could be part of her funus. Finally, a female maior and her patrilineal and matrilineal imagines could constitute and signify elite identities. I argue that these imagines and accompanying tituli could function as an inheritance and dos for an elite woman, and as a deposit of symbolic capital, embodying her social position and status. The imagines were an important mechanism for transferring elite female social position and status between families, and an elite woman’s own commendatio maiorum.
Per una “biologie sauvage” dei Romani Prime proposte
Authors: Bettini Maurizio
Published: January 2024

Come in ogni cultura, anche in quella romana circolavano rappresentazioni e credenze relative ai fluidi corporei. E’ questo il caso del sucus, inteso come fluido che provvede al benessere e alla salute della persona, dell’urina, e soprattutto dei liquidi che circolano nel corpo femminile, costituendo la sostanza da cui si forma il feto. Il funzionamento di questi liquidi interni al corpo può essere rappresentato sia attraverso modelli metaforici sia, cosa ancor più specifica della cultura romana, attraverso operatori divini, con relativi festival e rituali. Il funzionamento di questi diversi modelli mette in luce interessanti opposizioni di genere.
Optima tu proprii nominis auctor: The semantics of female authorship in ancient Rome, from Sulpicia to Proba
Authors: Hauser Emily
Published: January 2024

This paper explores evidence for female authorship terminology in extant poetic texts written in Latin by women. It begins by first considering male authorship in Latin literature, before moving on to three case studies of women’s writing: an elegy by Sulpicia, an anonymous graffito from Pompeii, and the Virgilian cento of Proba. By foregrounding the ‘subversive mask’ of female poetic speech in Rome, the paper uncovers a subtextual rhetoric of authorship where female poets both respond to and subvert male authorship paradigms. It thus argues for the importance of analyzing authorship terminology in Latin literature through the lens of gender.
The Wages of Effeminacy?: Kinaidoi in Greek Documents from Egypt
Authors: Sapsford Tom
Published: January 2024

This article examines the appearance of the term κίναιδος in Greek documentary sources from Egypt and asks what these sources can contribute to our understanding of a figure who is so often presented in Greek and Latin literary texts as a sexual or gender deviant. The first half of this paper presents and contextualizes one ostrakon and six papyri which use the term κίναιδος and argues that this word is employed predominantly as an occupational term to denote some kind of performer. On one occasion, however, it is used as a pejorative term although the particular negative sense of this use is ambiguous. The second half of this paper compares these documents to mentions of the kinaidos/cinaedus in literary and documentary evidence from outside Egypt which most often, but not always, connect this figure with sexual deviancy and only occasionally with his role as a performer. A comparison is also made with documentary sources from within Hellenistic and Roman Egypt which mention effeminacy, homoerotic activity, and anal penetration. This analysis suggests that similar concerns over the correct observance of homoerotic protocols are evident in Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic and Roman Egyptian contexts; but whereas the kinaidos/cinaedus serves as a locus for such concerns elsewhere, he does not appear to be connected with any such anxieties in the Egyptian context.
Femina Princeps: Livia in Ovid’s Poetry
Authors: Thakur Sanjaya
Published: January 2024

This paper offers a reassessment of the character of Livia in Ovid’s poetry, in particular with regard to her repeated appearances over the course of the exile epistles. Whereas a majority of previous scholars have identified Ovid’s Livia as being excessively prominent and treated with an unwarranted level of panegyric, this paper uses other primary sources of information from the period to demonstrate that Ovid’s Livia is grounded in the discourse of the period and Ovid’s Livia is an appropriate reflection of her evolving status in the late Augustan and early Tiberian periods.
The hymen is a problem, still. Virginity, Imperforation, and Contraception, from Greece to Rome
Authors: Sissa Giulia
Published: January 2024

The first section of this paper will discuss the semantic field of the Greek words parthenos (virgin), and parthenia (virginity). More precisely, I will revisit the arguments made in Le Corps virginal (1986: Paris: Vrin,), and translated into English, as Greek Virginity (1990: HUP). The second section of the paper will advance a new hypothesis on the medical knowledge that lay in the background of the representations of virginity, to be found in different sources. The two sections are connected. While re-examining the terminology, I will argue that ancient medical writers did not include “the hymen”, in the anatomy of a healthy young woman. Soranos of Ephesus (II century CE) was the first physician to mention a membrane obstructing the vagina, but he claimed that this was just a false belief. There could be imperforation, which was an anomaly, but there was no normal occlusion. The ancient Greeks, therefore, failed to identify what modern forensic medicine calls “the physical signs of virginity”. They relied, however, on a different kind of sign of vaginal intercourse: pregnancy. As long as they could trust the conception of a child as the predictable effect of heterosexual coition, pregnancy revealed the loss of virginity. Contraception was to disturb that trust. Soranos, the first physician who discusses the anatomy of an un-penetrated woman, is also the first to provide an extensive collection of contraceptive remedies – not just abortifacients. The transition from a representation of virginity as sexual inexperience (but without the anatomical support of the hymen) to the need to pin down sexual integrity via a membranous structure, is correlated to the increasing awareness that women might tamper with their bodies, and that heterosexual coition, therefore, might go unobserved.
Sex and gender: the Hippocratic case of Phaethousa and her beard
Authors: King Helen
Published: January 2024

The paper investigates the implications, for a ‘one-sex’ model of the body, of the Hippocratic case history in which a woman ceases to menstruate and then grows a beard after her husband leaves. This story challenges a model of sexual difference based solely on the gonads, drawing attention to other visible or audible markers, and to the hierarchical relationships between them. The long history of reception of this story, telling it in a variety of contexts ranging from ‘sex change’ stories to lovesickness to accounts of prolapse, and setting it beside other stories from outside the ancient medical tradition, shows both its flexibility and the importance of having a Hippocratic seal of authority. Two gendered Greek terms in the story, οἰκουρός (oikouros) and ἐπίτοκος (epitokos), emphasise Phaethousa’s femininity and demonstrate that, far from being intermediate between two sexes, she remains female throughout her illness.
Selçuklular Döneminde Cibâl Bölgesi
Authors: MURATOĞLU Seda
Published: January 2024

İslâmî fetihler başladığı sırada İran coğrafyasındaki birçok bölge Sâsânî hâkimiyeti altında idi. Bu bölgelerdeki insanların etnik kimlikleri üzerindeki ilk değişim Arapların gelişi ile gerçekleşmiştir. Etnik nüfusu etkileyen ikinci ve en önemli hadise ise Selçuklu Oğuzlarının Horâsân’a gelişiyle cereyan etmiştir. Fakat, bazı yerel hânedanlıkların etnik kimliklerini korumuş oldukları görülmektedir. Bu hânedanlıklar, etnik bir kimlikten ziyade yaşadıkları coğrafya veya kurucularının adı ile anılmışlardır. Bunlardan biri de Cibâl bölgesinde yaşayan hânedanlıklardır. Cibâl, Kürd nüfusun yoğun olduğu ve Deylemî hânedanlıklar tarafından da idare edilen bir bölgedir. Ayrıca bölgede Arap, Acem, Hürremî, Eşgânî gibi etnik unsurlar da vardır. Tuğrul Bey’in bölgeye gelişinin öncesinde ve sonrasında burada Oğuz Türkmenlerin varlığı görülmektedir. Melikşâh devrinde başlayan Bâtınî harekâtı ile bölge, Bâtınîlerin eline geçmiş, Bâtınîler ile yaşanan mücadelelerin ardından bölgeye Türkmen akınları gerçekleşmiştir. Bu çalışmada bölgede bulunan Kürd aşiretleri ve Selçuklulara tabi olan Kâkûyî ve Annâzî hânedanlığının etnik menşei ve Selçuklular ile siyasî ilişkileri hakkında ayrıntılı bilgiler vermeye çalıştık.
İtfaiye Çalışanlarının İş Doyumu ve Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ATEŞ Kamil , ÇAYALAN Hakan
Published: January 2024

İtfaiye çalışanları, acil durumlarla mücadele etme, hayatları kurtarma ve toplumun güvenliğini sağlama gibi zorlu ve stresli bir iş yapmaktadır. Bu nedenle, iş doyumu ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri, çalışanların refahı ve performansı üzerinde önemli etkilere sahip olabilir. Araştırmanın amacı, itfaiye çalışanlarının iş doyumu ve tükenmişlik düzeylerini belirlemektir. Bu çalışma, itfaiye çalışanları arasında iş doyumu ve tükenmişlik ile ilgili temel kavramlara genel bir bakış sunmakta ve bu alanda araştırma yapılmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Araştırma, Türkiye genelinde çeşitli itfaiye teşkilatlarında görev yapan itfaiye çalışanları üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma itfaiyecilerin iş doyumu ve tükenmişlik düzeylerine dair bölgesel karşılaştırmalarıda içermektedir. Araştırma yöntemi nicel yöntemdir. Veri toplama sürecinde nicel yöntemin anket tekniği kullanılmış ve ankette maslach tükenmişlik ölçeği ve Minnesota iş doyumu ölçeği çalışmaya uyarlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda; itfaiyecilerde tükenmişliğin iş doyumu üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Ayrıca gerçekleştirilen fark testleri sonucunda tükenmişliğin; cinsiyete, medeni duruma, yaşa, eğitim durumuna ve çalışma bölgelerine göre anlamlı farkının bulunmadığı ama mesleki kıdeme göre anlamlı farkının bulunduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. İş doyumununsa; cinsiyete, medeni duruma ve mesleki kıdeme göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği bulgulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, itfaiye teşkilatlarının çalışanların iş doyumunu artırmak ve tükenmişlik düzeylerini azaltmak için önlemler alması gerektiğini göstermekte olup, çalışma koşullarını iyileştirmek için temel bir adım olabilecektir.
A wideband multiple rectangular slotted patch antenna for 5Gapplications
Authors:   College of Engineering, Guindy, India, Rajendran Rathna
Published: January 2024

A microstrip antenna with four slots in the center of the patch for 5G applications focusing on enhancing bandwidthand other key metrics is presented. The proposed antenna with multiple rectangular slots and a partial groundstructure intends to address the difficulties that arise from working with the millimeter-wave frequencies of the 5Gnetwork. Operating at a frequency of 28.082 GHz, the antenna exhibits remarkable characteristics that position itas a promising candidate for 5G communication systems. The antenna’s design is based on optimization processthat involves iterative modifications to its geometry and structure. The final configuration consists of a rectangularpatch incorporated with four symmetric rectangular slots, providing the antenna with the capability to achieve abandwidth of 2.585 GHz. Constructed on a Rogers RT 5858 with desirable electrical properties, the suggesteddesign provides a radiation efficiency of 73.43%, making it well-suited for high-frequency operations. Simulationresults obtained using the CST Microwave Studio suite prove the antenna’s outstanding performance. The returnloss curve demonstrates a value of approximately−32.395 dB, accompanied by a−10 dB return loss. Furthermore,the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) remains consistently below 2, indicating favorable impedance matching.With a gain of 5.904 dB and a directivity of 8.049 dB, the antenna exhibits excellent signal amplification and controlover radiation patterns. At the frequency where resonance occurs, the antenna’s three-dimensional radiationpattern demonstrates how effectively it can transmit signals with focus and direction
THE EFFECT OF CASTING PARAMETERS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF SAE 430B ALLOYS FOR TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY
Authors:   “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering,
Blvd Dimitrie Mangeron 41, 700050 Iași, Romania, Lohan Nicoleta - Monica , Carcea Ioan ,   SC RANCON SRL, str. George Cosbuc, nr. 25, Iasi, Romania, Pricop Bogdan ,   “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering,
Blvd Dimitrie Mangeron 41, 700050 Iași, Romania, Sârghi Mihail ,   SC RANCON SRL, str. George Cosbuc, nr. 25, Iasi, Romania, Cimpoeșu Nicanor ,   “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering,
Blvd Dimitrie Mangeron 41, 700050 Iași, Romania, Popa Mihai ,   “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Blvd Dimitrie Mangeron 41, 700050 Iași, Romania, Bejinariu Costică ,   SC RANCON SRL, str. George Cosbuc, nr. 25, Iasi, Romania, Ciorobatca Ancuța - Elena ,   “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Blvd Dimitrie Mangeron 41, 700050 Iași, Romania, Burduhos-Nergiș Diana - Petronela
Published: January 2024

SAE 430B is a Cu-based alloy, which, due to good properties qualify the alloy in special bronzes category. In this paper, the influence of the casting parameters on the properties of the SAE 430B cast in two types of moulds: (i) temporary (based on quartos sand) and (ii) permanent (metallic mould). Samples in as-cast condition were cut and prepared for chemical and microstructural analysis. The chemical composition was determined via spectroscopic analysis, the structural characterization was carried out by optical and electronic microscopy. EDS chemical analysis was used to identify the compositions of phases and compounds in the material. The corrosion behaviour was analysed in seawater by a linear potentiodynamic polarization test. The microstructure of as-cast samples presents a β phase structure with intermetallic precipitates with various morphologies. With the increase in cooling rate, corrosion potential values become more negative and current density increases.
OPTIMIZATION OF WEDM PARAMETERS USING MACHINE LEARNING:
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED REGRESSION MODELS
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, PhD School, 2a Akademicka Street., 44 -100 Gliwice, Poland, Łomozik Łukasz , Sokołowski Andrzej ,   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 18A Konarskiego Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, Bąkowski Henryk ,   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, 8 Krasinskiego Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses the influence of selected parameters (ON, OFF and SV) on surface quality and machining time during WEDM. The study used a multivariate ANOVA to test the statistical significance of the factors considered. In addition, machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Regression (SVR) and polynomial regression were applied to further investigate the influence of the parameters. A comparative analysis of the algorithms showed that models based on the Support Vector Regression algorithm perform the best in predicting the roughness parameter Ra and machining time separately. SVR performs better with nonlinear data, making it more accurate in predicting machining time values than simpler regression models. The study showed that all ON, OFF and SV parameters have a significant effect on surface roughness and machining time. Further analysis of the experimental results showed that the application of machine learning methods to optimise the EDM process, by selecting appropriate operating parameters for the WEDM machine, resulted in better surface quality and reduced machining time. These results have practical significance for the metalworking industry and indicate potential opportunities to improve the performance of the WEDM process.
IMPACT OF 3D PRINTER VIBRATION REDUCTION ON THE QUALITY OF ITS PRINTOUT
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Engineering Processes Automation and Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, Białas Katarzyna , Dymarek Andrzej ,   Silesian University of Technology University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Engineering Processes Automation and Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, Dzitkowski Tomasz ,   Silesian University of Technology University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Engineering Processes Automation and Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Published: January 2024

The authors focused on the study of vibrations of the 3D printer structure caused by the movement of the extruder during the FDM additive manufacturing process. On the basis of the tests, vibrations were passively reduced to improve the dimensions (resolution) of the final products. The vibrations were minimized by modification of the printer structure and the use of additional energy dissipation elements. Correctness of the actions taken was verified by the measuring system. After the modifications, the same series of measurements as in the initial structure were carried out to observe the changes that took place under their influence. On the basis of the tests carried out, the positive effect of reducing the vibration amplitude of the structure by about 50-70 percent was confirmed, which significantly contributed to the improvement of the final product's dimensional parameters.
ASSESSMENT OF PROPERTIES AND CORROSION RESISTENCE OF GALVANIZED STEEL WELDED WITH LASER BEAM
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Department of Welding Engineering,
Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, Rzeźnikiewicz Agnieszka , Górka Jacek ,   Silesian University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Department of Welding Engineering,
Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, Przybyła Mateusz ,   Silesian University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Department of Welding Engineering,
Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, Kciuk Monika ,   Silesian University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials,
Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Published: January 2024

The paper describes the influence of laser welding parameters on the structure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 1.2 mm thick galvanized sheets made of DC04 low-carbon steel. The tested test joints were made with a disc laser on a robotic laser welding station (TruLaser Robot 5120) with a TruDisk 12002 laser. In the laser welding process, butt welded joints were made without additional material with variable welding speed (linear welding energy from 30 to 45 J/mm). Welded joints were subjected to non-destructive tests (visual, magnetic-particle and radiographic tests), destructive tests (tensile strength, bend test, hardness test) and tests for corrosion resistance (corrosion potential test, using a three-electrode measuring system and a potentiostat - ATLAS 0531 EU galvanostat) by Atlas-Sollich and corrosion test in a salt chamber). The conducted tests have shown that it is possible to make connections that meet the criteria of ISO 15614-11. All made joints, regardless of the applied linear energy of welding, are characterized by high strength and plastic properties. It can be noticed that as the linear energy of welding increases, the weld seam and the heat-affected zone of the welded joints become wider. A joint made with higher linear energy has higher hardness and tensile strength than a joint made with lower linear energy. In the static tensile test, rupture occurred in the base material, regardless of the value of the linear energy of welding. In the bending test, regardless of the value of the linear energy of welding, the bending angle of 180 ° was achieved, without tears and scratches, the values of relative elongation ranged from 29% to 42%, which confirms the high plastic properties. A joint made with lower line energy has greater corrosion resistance than a joint made with higher line energy, but much lower than the native material. It can be assumed that during welding a part of the galvanic coating is removed or damaged.
WEAR BEHAVIOR OF INCONEL 925 ALLOY AFTER PLASTIC DEFORMATION
Authors:   Atatürk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey, Sezek Sinan , Ispirlioğlu Kara Gamze ,   Atatürk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey, Bayram Seda ,   Atatürk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey, Aksakal Bünyamin ,   Fırat University, Civil Aviation School / Aircraft Maintenance and Repair, 23119, Elazığ, Turkey
Published: January 2024

For orthopedic implant applications, the two main properties of a biomaterial: chemical reactivity and mechanical strength, are of great importance. Therefore, metallic biomaterials have a high utilization rate due to their superior mechanical properties. Inconel 925, a metallic alloy, is widely used in the aerospace and automotive industries, nuclear power plants, gas turbines, etc., where high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance are required. To increase its widespread use in the field of health (such as orthopedic implants, medical devices, and surgical instruments). It is aimed at improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 925 alloy. For this purpose, 30%, 50%, and 70% deformation hardening were applied to the alloys through extreme plastic deformation. Microstructural changes such as phase transformations, grain boundaries, and size were investigated by characterization methods. The mechanical properties of the alloy were investigated by micro-hardness and wear tests. A very fine-grained microstructure with a grain size of 0.08µm was obtained for Inconel 925 alloy. The hardness of the alloy was increased by 69% with 339 HV. The best wear resistance was obtained in the 70% deformed sample with 0.548µ.
DEVELOPMENT OF HEART-LIKE STRUCTURE EMPLOYING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   1.Centre for Research and Technology Hellas – Information Technologies Institute (CERTH/ITI),
Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece.
2.Digital Manufacturing and Materials Characterization Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece., Kladovasilakis Nikolaos , Charalampous Paschalis ,   Centre for Research and Technology Hellas – Information Technologies Institute (CERTH/ITI),
Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece, Kostavelis Ioannis ,   1. Centre for Research and Technology Hellas – Information Technologies Institute (CERTH/ITI),
Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece.
3. Department of Supply Chain Management, School of Economics and Business Administration, International Hellenic University, 60100 Katerini, Greece., Petsios Konstantinos ,   Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Clinical Research Unit, Athens, 17674, Greece, Sarris George ,   3DLife SA, Athens, 15125, Greece, Tzetzis Dimitrios ,   Digital Manufacturing and Materials Characterization Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece, Tzovaras Dimitrios ,   Centre for Research and Technology Hellas – Information Technologies Institute (CERTH/ITI),
Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece
Published: January 2024

This study aims to present a workflow concerning the retrieval of a human heart’s 3D model and its fabrication with heart-like materials producing a 3D printed replica. In detail, the 3D model of the examined heart was obtained by applying a 3D reconstruction methodology utilizing DICOM data derived from CT-scans. For the 3D printed heart-like material, the Material Jetting AM technique was employed due to its ability to fabricate 3D printed composite parts with variable properties. Several compositions for the print-out materials were examined, and the material with the appropriate mechanical behavior compared to the actual heart, i.e. RWT-ENT A50 composite, was utilized. The 3D printing process of the physical heart-like structure was performed with the highest accuracy. Finally, the 3D printed heart-like structure was evaluated in terms of dimensional accuracy and surface roughness achieving sufficient accuracy with mean absolute error of 1.05mm and mean surface roughness of 2.78μm.
CHALLENGES IN MACHINING COMPOSITE MATERIALS: IMPACT OF MACHINING PARAMETERS ON CUTTING FORCE
Authors:   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Mohamad Nurhaniza , Ariffin Mohd Khairol Anuar Mohd ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Mustapha Faizal ,   Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, bin Baharudin B.T Hang Tuah ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: January 2024

In the aerospace sector, a hybrid material called CFRP-Aluminum composite is frequently employed. The machining of composite laminate determines the surface integrity and surface polish of the machine part. Excessive cutting forces must be avoided during machining since they are one of the main factors that cause machining problems. By doing this, it is made sure that no waste material is produced during the last phases of production. It is essential to select suitable and perfect machining settings to accomplish the lowest pressure during machining activities. In this study, the issues during the process of CFRP-Aluminum composites milling will be discussed that help utilise various parameters of cutting. A design of experiments method (DOE) was used to run trials with a range of parameter values and levels. Cutting force impacts of machining parameters are assessed by combining Taguchi and statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA). The resulting machining power, which accounts for 54.23 percent for S1 and S2 and 73.57 percent for S2, has the greatest influence on the depth of cut. The feed rate, which accounts for 45.19 percent of the variance in workpiece stiffness and strength, is the factor that has the greatest impact on S3 force. The outcomes proved that there is an adverse correlation exists between cutting forces on one side and feed rate, depth of cut, and cutting speed on the other hand. The results also showed that while the feed rate is set 800 mm/min, the depth of cut is considered 0.2 mm and the spindle speed is set 5000 RPM, the machining force will be minimized.
DEPREM SONRASI SURİYELİ GÖÇMENLERİN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR
Authors: EKİCİ Süleyman
Published: January 2024

6 Şubat depremleri asrın felaketi olarak nitelendirilirken, yaşanan depremler çok yönlü etkiler ve kırılmalar doğurmuştur. Depremin yıkıcı etkisi sonucu ortaya çıkan afet ve kriz ortamından bölge halkı olumsuz yönde etkilenmiş ve bu durumdan benzer şekilde bölgede yoğun şekilde bulunan Suriyeli göçmen nüfus da etkilenmiştir. Bu araştırmada, 6 Şubat depremleri sonrasında Malatya’da bulunan Suriyeli göçmenlerin karşılaştıkları sorunlar tespit edilmeye çalışılmış ve ayrımcılıkla karşı karşıya kalıp kalmadıkları sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini amaçlı örneklemle belirlenen 20 Suriyeli göçmen oluşturmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analiz sonucunda “arama ve kurtarma”, “barınma”, “fizyolojik ihtiyaçlar”, “geçim”, “güvenlik”, “tahliye ve seyahat”, “dayanışma”, “göç ve yeni hayat” ve “ayrımcılık” kategoriler olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda 6 Şubat depremlerini deprem bölgesinde yaşayan Suriyeli göçmenlerin deprem sonrasında bölge halkı ile beraber benzer sorunlar yaşamalarının yanı sıra çeşitli ayrımcılıklarla da karşılaştıkları ifadelerinden anlaşılmaktadır.
Selection of turbocompressor parameters when designing a two-spool turbofan engine
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Krivosheev I.A. , Rojkov K.E. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Simonov N.B. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST)
Published: January 2024

The choice of the main parameters of a turbofan and turbocompressor at the initial stage of two-spool turbofan engine design is considered. To optimize rotation speeds, the number of stages, and determine the diametrical dimensions, line H is highlighted on Smith charts for compressors, and line L –for turbines. These lines are constructed through the tangent points of constant efficiency isolines and parabolas of the formТН/2ac=const and UL/2ac=const. Expressions are proposed that make it possible to determine the values of the total pressure recovery ratio σ at each point of the Smith diagrams for compressorand turbine stages (at corresponding temperature values). Taking this into account, an original method for determining the efficiency of compressors and turbines is proposed. It is shown how to use Smith diagrams to determine parameters not only for complete stages, but alsofor elementary stages in different sections along the height of the flow path. The proposed method makes it possible to maximize the efficiency of turbines due to the appropriate choice of the number of stages, the distribution of total head rise and the position of the mass-average points “mid” for the stages on the Smith diagrams. It is shown how these methods are used when fine-tuning compressors and turbines based on the results of turbofan engine tests
The use of integration of multispectral images in the tasks of information support of aerial search and rescue operations in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Southwest State University (SWSU), Mukhin I.E. , Koptev D.S. ,   Southwest State University (SWSU), Shuklina Yu.V. ,   Southwest State University (SWSU)
Published: January 2024

In order to ensure flight safety during search and rescue operations in difficult meteorological conditions of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, the formation of messages and signals about an approaching obstacle, for the purpose of information support for the crew, is necessary to provide visualization of the cabin situation by combining environmental images obtained by cameras in various spectral ranges. The integral indicator of image quality is applicable to assess the informativeness of both the entire image and its individual parts of interest, obtained automatically or highlighted by the operator. It is advisable to use this indicator to assess the information content of the channels of technical vision systems with the aim of adaptive adjustment of video image aggregation algorithms, in particular, as part of the hardware and software complex for search and rescue operations in difficult meteorological conditions. The implementation of the image aggregation procedure with subsequent visualization requires the presence of hardware, video cameras, television, long-wave and short-wave infrared ranges. It should be noted that each range requires certain shooting conditions and, accordingly, is characterized by a given quality of the images obtained. The article shows the advantages and disadvantages of using cameras in these spectral ranges, presents the results of their practical use, describes the procedure for image aggregation, and provides parameters for assessing their quality. It should be said that today, a very relevant area of research is the synthesis of complexes for providing aerial search and rescue operations with mod-ules and hardware and software that implement procedures for ensuring the integration of initial data, which are often formed by a laser-television module (LTM), including television video cameras (TV), long-wave infrared (LWIR) cameras, short-wave in-frared (SWIR) cameras, a laser-location module and a forward-looking radar station
DeterminationoffatiguecrackgrowthratecharacteristicsinvacuumofNi-basedalloyEP741NP
Authors:   A. Lyulka Experimental Design Bureau –Branch of PJSC «UEC-Ufa Engine Industrial Association», Nemtsev D.V. , Marchukov E.Y. ,   A. Lyulka Experimental Design Bureau –Branch of PJSC «UEC-Ufa Engine Industrial Association», Artamonov M.A. ,   A. Lyulka Experimental Design Bureau –Branch of PJSC «UEC-Ufa Engine Industrial Association»
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of testing special cylindrical specimens with an embedded defect to obtain characteristics of fatigue crack growth rate in vacuum. Fractographic studies of the specimens were conducted to determine the size of fatigue striations. The crack propagation fronts at different stages of growth were reconstructed, and finite element analysis was per-formed to determine the stress intensity factors. Based on the obtained data, kinetic diagrams of fatigue crack growth were constructed
Influence of cyclic heating on properties of PEO coatings on Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy in UFG state
Authors:   fa University of Science and Technology,, Zaynullina L.I. , Sharipov I.Z. ,   fa University of Science and Technology,, Gunderov D.V. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Farrakhov R.G. ,   fa University of Science and Technology,, Parfenov E.V. ,   fa University of Science and Technology,
Published: January 2024

In this article, the temperature dependence of the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy dilatation in the ultrafine-grained (UFG) state ob-tained by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and coated using the plasma-electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method was investi-gated. The stability of the formed PEO coatings to heating and cooling has also been determined. The results showed that a sharp increase in the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) in the 350°C temperature range indicates the presence of a phase transfor-mation. During the tests, the porous coating on the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy is preserved, but the cracks become more intense and extended
Designing semantic formal models of objects of the subject area under study based on the categories of dialectics and set-theoretic methods
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Kulikov G.G. , Rizvanov K.A. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Ivanov A.V. ,   JSC "NPP "Aerosila", Shukaluk V.A. ,   JSC "NPP "Aerosila",   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST)
Published: January 2024

A system-linguistic approach to the design of formal models of the subject area under study (IPO) based on the categories of dialectics and set-theoretic methods is considered. It is shown that this approach makes it possible to provide the required level of formalization of digital counterparts of real and virtual objects with the storage of their cause-and-effect relationships. The logic of the representation of the IPO CD in the Minkowski space–time basis is considered. It is shown that the correspond-ence of the applied subject–oriented formal languages for the construction of the IPO CD is carried out in the basis of the levels of the hierarchy of Chomsky generators. An example of the application of this approach to the construction of the semantic metastructure of the CD GTE (IPO) in the cybernetic aspect is given
Application of the computer graphics technology for the visualization of lungs
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST),, Kiselyov A.V. , Smetanina O.N. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST),
Published: January 2024

Currently, the field of application of computer graphics is becomingwider. Over the past half century, the computer graphics technology has come a long way from a nascent field to a technology without which not a single area in the modern world can do. The rapid spread has led to research aimed at improving the process ofcreating graphic images. Computer graphics found application in medicine in three-dimensional visualization of computed tomography in the middle of the second half of the twentieth century. Since then, it has become an important part of almost every aspect of the field, from teaching anatomy to helping with diagnosis. However, the specificity of this area and a number of requirements that it imposes have led to the fact that the number of technologies and computer graphics methods used is limited. But despite the limited scope of application, there are still a large number of different implementations of methods used in medicine. Therefore, when developing a new application in the medical field that requires an imaging module, software developers have difficulty choosing the most prefera-ble method to implement. This article analyzes the possibilities of using computer graphics technologies in the field of medicine using the example of lung imaging in the conditions of limited data. Also, based on the analysis, a classification of visualization methods is given and the most preferred methods for a particular technology are justified
Study of microhardness and structure of tool steels after ion-plasma nitriding in a glow discharge
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Mamontow D.V. , Sklizkov I.D. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Vafin R.K. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Ramazanov K.N. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Fashetdinov R.R. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST), Zimasov D.Sh. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology (UUST)
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the effect of ion-plasma nitriding (IPA) on the microhardness and structure of tool steels is investigated. Samples of HSS M2 and P18 steels, quenched at 1300°Cand then tempered three times at 550°C, were used for the study. The IPA was carried out in a gas mixture consisting of 50% argon, 35% nitrogen and 15% hydrogen at a pressure of 250 Pa and a surface temperature of 400°C, 500°C and 600°C for 3h, 6h and 9h, 9 h. It was found that the highest surface hardness of 1600 HV for HSS M2 steel specimens and 1500 HV for P18 steel specimens were observed after IPA in TR at 500°Cfor 9 h. The maximum hardened layer depth of 120 μm for HSS M2 specimen and 100 μm for P18 specimen were observed after treatment at the same temperature for 6 and 9 hours