bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL NATURE OF A SMART-CONTRACT AND ISSUES OF ITS APPLICATION IN THE FIELD OF DIGITAL ASSETS
Authors:   University of Mannheim, Nekit K.H.
Published: May 2023

The article looks into the concept and legal nature of smart contracts, as well as the issues that arise during the use of smart contracts in the field of digital assets. The technical and legal aspects of the concept of a smart contract are considered. Models of use of smart contracts are described. Scientific and legislative approaches to determining the legal nature of smart contracts are presented. The dual legal nature of a legal smart contract is analyzed: as a form of transaction and an object of copyright. Some issues in the field of protection of the rights of smart contract parties are considered. Based on the findings, temporary solutions in the field of using smart contracts are proposed.
Algebraic approach to the analysis of legal documents
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Letychevskyi O.O. , Peschanenko V.S. ,   Kherson State University, Poltorackiy M.Yu. ,   Kherson State University
Published: May 2023

In this study, problems regarding the analysis of law articles and their conformance to legal documents are considered. The algebraic approach is used for the formal verification of legal texts that is presented as specification of behavior algebra. Having a formal presen- tation of legal texts allows for the application of algebraic methods, such as symbolic modeling, automatic proving of statements and algebraic matching. The approach was implemented for Ukrainian-language legal documents to detect inconsistency, incompleteness, and prove conformance. The analysis of legal texts has been implemented for Tax code and examples of inconsistency of some statements were demonstrated in the paper. Another experiment has been performed for checking of conformance of court statements, agreements, licenses, new laws, taxation acts to the articles of law with usage of methods of algebraic matching. The formalization of legal documents, like court verdicts, shall be implemented fully automatically, and the existing database with such documents shall provide the possibility to use big data technologies and machine learning. In this study, we consider the use of the algebraic approach in the analysis of legal requirements and law artifacts within the scope of the Insertion Modeling System (IMS). The subject of this research is the laws created by the legislature and the artifacts of legal activity, such as lawsuit decisions, agreements, licenses, and juridical cases. The problem to be considered is the analysis of legal documents for conformance with the law and the analysis of the law’s articles, checking for inconsisten- cies, incompleteness, and other interested properties. In this paper, we consider every element of the technology in detail, and we describe the methods and results of the experiments.
Decompositional Extraction and Retrieval of Conceptual Knowledge
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Terletskyi D.O. , Yershov S.V. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

An ability to extract hidden and implicit knowledge, their integration into a knowledge base, and then retrieval of required knowledge items are important features of knowledge processing for many modern knowledge-based systems. However, the complexity of these tasks depends on the size of knowledge sources, which were used for extraction, the size of a knowledge base, which is used for the integration of extracted knowledge, as well as the size of a search space, which is used for the retrieval of required knowledge items. Therefore, in this paper, we analyzed the internal semantic dependencies of homogeneous classes of objects and how they affect the decomposition of such classes. Since all subclasses of a homogeneous class of objects form a complete lattice, we applied the methods of formal concept analysis for the knowledge extraction and retrieval within the corresponding concept lattice. We found that such an approach does not consider internal semantic dependencies within a homogeneous class of objects, consequently, it can cause inference and retrieval of formal concepts, which are semantically inconsistent within a modeled domain. We adapted the algorithm for the decomposition of homogeneous classes of objects, within such knowledge representation model as object-oriented dynamic networks, to perform dynamic knowledge extraction and retrieval, adding additional filtration parameters. As the result, the algorithm extracts knowledge via constructing only semantically consistent subclasses of homogeneous classes of objects and then filters them according to the attribute and dependency queries, retrieving knowledge. In addition, we introduced the decomposition consistency coefficient, which allows estimation of how much the algorithm can reduce the search space for knowledge extraction and improves the performance. To demonstrate some possible application scenarios for the improved algorithm, we provided an appropriate example of knowledge extraction and retrieval via decomposition of a particular homogeneous class of objects.
Extracting structure from text documents based on machine learning
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Kudim K.A. , Proskudina G.Yu. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

This study is devoted to a method that facilitates the task of extracting structure from the text documents using an artificial neural network. The method consists of data preparation, building and training the model and results evaluation. Data preparation includes collecting corpora of documents, converting a variety of file formats into plain text, and manual labeling each document structure. Then documents are split into tokens and into paragraphs. The text paragraphs are represented as feature vectors to provide input to the neural network. The model is trained and validated on the selected data subsets. Trained model results evaluation is presented. The final performance is calculated per label using precision, recall, and F1 measures, and overall average. The trained model can be used to extract sections of documents bearing similar structure.
Problems of scaling semantic information resources with a complex structure
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Rogushina J.V. , Grishanova I.Yu. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

We analyze scaling problems arising in modern intelligent information systems (IISs) and classify main reasons for their occurrence in their practical solutions. IISs integrate various elements of artificial intelligence (AI) for acquisition of knowledge relevant to actual user tasks. Important properties of these IISs are use of data with complex structure and orientation on semantic information resources (IRs). Therefore we analyze main features of the Data-Centric AI and opportunities for acquiring domain knowledge in various representations from Big Data. Knowledge organization systems (KOS) provide models and methods for effective store, retrieval and use of information processed by the Web-oriented IISs, and we consider existing approaches for their software platforms.We analyse the specifics of the scaling for systems focused on the semantic information processing and its differences from traditional data and Big Data scaling. This specifics is caused by complexity of data structure, number of various semantic relations between information objects into IR and complexity of semantic queries executed by KOS. On example of e-VUE – the Wiki-portal of the Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia – we analyze various situations that arise in process of practical development of semantic information resources with large volume and complex structure. Various ways of semantic retrieval into this information resource that use possibilities of the Semantic MediaWiki plugin are considered from the point of view of scaling aspects (such as increase of information objects, their relations and complication of their structure and characteristics). On base of this analysis we generate a set of recommendations aimed at ensuring more efficient development of such resources and their efficient functioning for practical use.
From temporal data to dynamic causal models
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Balabanov O.S.
Published: May 2023

We present a brief review of dynamic causal model inference from data. A vector autoregressive models is of our prime interest. The architecture, representation and schemes of measurement of temporal data and time series data are outlined. We argue that require- ment to data characteristics should come from the nature of dynamic process at hand and goals of model inference. To describe and evaluate temporal data one may use terms of longitude, measurement frequency etc. Data measurement frequency is crucial factor in order to an inferred model be adequate. Data longitude and observation session duration may be expressed via several temporal horizons, such as closest horizon, 2-step horizon, influence attainability horizon, oscillatory horizon, and evolutionary horizon. To justify a dynamic causal model inference from data, analyst needs to assume the dynamic process is stationary or at least obeys structural regularity. The main specificity of task of dynamic causal model inference is known temporal order of variables and certain structural regularity. If maximal lag of influence is unknown, inference of dynamic causal model faces additional problems. We examine the Granger’s causality concept and outline its deficiency in real circumstances. It is argued that Granger causality is incorrect as practical tool of causal discovery. In contrast, certain rules of edge orientation (included in known constraint-based algorithms of model inference) can reveal unconfounded causal relationship.
Improvement of functional and technological solutions for modernization of steel heating in the tundish of continuous casting machine
Authors: Smirnov O.M. , Narivskiy A.V. , Semiriagin S.V. , Osypenko V.V. , Semenko A.Yu. , Skorobagatko Yu.P.
Published: May 2023

The using of the system of plasma heating of metal directly in the tundish is quite promising in terms of improving the technology of continuous casting of steel. At the same time, the efficiency of this technology is significantly influenced by the design of the tundish, the location of the plasmatron, the direction of movement of the circulation flows and their speed, the presence of forced mixing of the liquid metal bath, etc. In terms of design, the main technical solutions proposed for plasma heating of steel in a ladle are based on the creation of two-chamber tundish. Moreover, steel is heated in a special receiving chamber. Such heating devices are compact enough to be built into tundish without any significant modifications. Moreover, such heating devices practically do not reduce the useful volume of the tundish. The widespread use of the technology of plasma heating of metal in the tundish of the continuous casting machine (CCM) at a few metallurgical plants in the world is due to the need to increase the stability of the parameters of the casting process and improve the quality of the workpiece while simultaneously reducing specific energy costs. At the same time, additional prerequisites are created for the transformation of the tundish into a multifunctional unit for adjusting the steel temperature and the possibility of its refining. The using of plasma heating in the tundish is especially relevant in the conditions of mini-mills operating technological units of small capacity, for which the implementation of traditional highly efficient solutions for out-of-furnace processing, as well as processing on tundish-furnace units, is not always possible due to the complexity of organizing the heating process, large heat losses and high specific costs of refractories. In addition, such tundish can be quite effective when pouring high-quality grades of steel into billets of small cross-sections, which are produced, as a rule, in relatively small mixer-batches, which makes it difficult to prove them in small steel pouring ladles.
Transfer Timing and the Length of Medication Weaning for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Botticello Amanda L. , Chen Yu-Lun , Smith Melissa G. , Chung Alison Folliard , Marchetta Claire M. , McMahon Morgan , Van Orden Kara , Sulter Amber , Weinstein Lindsay , Zalewitz Jodi , O’Neill John
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE

Many infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) from prenatal exposure to opioids require transfer to a pediatric inpatient unit for medication weaning. The purpose of this study is to assess the difference in the duration of medication weaning between infants transferred by day of life (DOL) 14 versus later (DOL 15 and after) to a tertiary care setting for pharmacological and nonpharmacological management of NOWS.

METHODS

This single-site retrospective cohort study uses medical chart data from infants with NOWS transferred to specialized care between May 2016 and June 2021 (n = 87). The primary outcome is length of medication weaning, calculated as the number of days between transfer from the NICU to a tertiary care setting and the cessation of pharmacotherapy.

RESULTS

The majority of the infants in this sample are transferred from acute to tertiary care after DOL 15 (62% versus 38% by DOL 14). The predicted number of days to wean is 14.2 among those infants transferred by DOL 14, whereas the duration of weaning is 6.6 days longer among the later transfer group (20.8 days), adjusting for key covariates. The duration of weaning is also prolonged among infants with greater NOWS symptom severity and with prenatal exposure to psychotropic medications.

CONCLUSIONS

Delayed treatment prolongs NOWS symptoms and increases the burden on the health care system. Earlier referral from NICUs to pediatric inpatient units with environmental supports could reduce prolonged medication exposure and length of hospitalization for infants diagnosed with NOWS.
Predictores de la continuidad del oficialismo en América Latina
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Orestes Enrique
Published: May 2023

Entre 1982 y 2021, treinta y seis mandatarios provenientes de catorce países latinoamericanos que celebran comicios presidenciales competitivos arribaron al inicio de la campaña electoral con una alta aprobación. En veintiséis de los casos el candidato presidencial oficialista se impuso en las urnas. La comprobación empírica arrojó que la aprobación presidencial alta tiende a constituir un predictor mayoritario, aunque no necesariamente contundente, del éxito del partido o coalición de gobierno en las elecciones presidenciales. La variable evidenció un potencial como predictor superior al mostrado por las tasas de crecimiento del producto interno bruto, el desempleo y la inflación, tomadas individual o en conjunto. Corroboramos a su vez, que su dinámica tendió a ser relativamente autónoma, especialmente en los casos en que anticipó de manera efectiva el éxito electoral del oficialismo. El hallazgo puede constituir un punto de partida en la reevaluación de la función voto de la aprobación presidencial en la región y contribuir a la disminución, en ciertos escenarios, de la incertidumbre en torno al desenlace electoral.
Derechos y conflictividades sociales en las cartas del peronismo en La Rioja (1951-1952).
Authors: Truccone Marilina Del Valle
Published: May 2023

El presente trabajo aborda una problematización entre las demandas por derechos y la emergencia de conflictividades sociales durante el primer peronismo, en la provincia de La Rioja. En el artículo nos proponemos analizar las dimensiones que alcanzó la democratización del bienestar social en este contexto provincial, a partir de la expresión conflictiva de demandas por nuevos derechos. Reflexionando sobre el envío de cartas a autoridades gubernamentales, nuestro análisis parte de cartas de la campaña “Perón quiere saber lo que su pueblo necesita” para advertir la emergencia de diversas conflictividades que recuperan las vivencias cotidianas de hombres y mujeres; en las cuales se manifiestan procesos identitarios entre esas conflictividades y la experiencia política del peronismo. Así se puede anticipar que, en estas fuentes, la modulación de las demandas se compone, por un lado, en torno a la expresión de injusticias sociales y, por el otro, en la delimitación de lo comunitario.
Morfologia, produção e potencialidades na nutrição animal da melancia forrageira (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides): uma revisão
Authors: Gois G. C. , Campos F. S. , Araújo C. A. , Araújo G. G. L. , De Oliveira Carvalho Débora Cristine
Published: May 2023

A limitação, disponibilidade irregular e elevado custo de alguns alimentos que são produzidos em outras regiões e transportados para o semiárido brasileiro para serem fornecidos aos animais são alguns dos principais entraves para a atividade pecuária nessa região, resultando na necessidade de alternativas alimentares, especialmente volumosos com qualidade que possam ser utilizados para os rebanhos. Nessa condição, a melancia forrageira (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) é um recurso forrageiro em potencial, já que se trata de uma planta de cultivo com ciclo rápido, propagação por sementes e que, além de ofertar nutrientes, é fonte de água aos animais, característica muito apreciada em regiões áridas e semiáridas. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é traçar um quadro teórico de aspectos relacionados à morfologia, produção e potencialidades de uso da melancia forrageira na alimentação de pequenos ruminantes. Uma busca criteriosa de artigos científicos sobre características morfoagronômicas, produtividade e aplicações da melancia forrageira em dietas para ruminantes foi realizada. Embora se tenham poucos estudos que utilizem a melancia forrageira, os conhecimentos empíricos e científicos obtidos através dos anos indicam o seu uso como uma opção viável para uma complementação alimentar dos rebanhos nas épocas secas. Sua rusticidade aliada à sua resistência no período de pós-colheita são qualidades que lhe confere a qualificação de um recurso forrageiro com grande potencial.
Review of George Farrugia’s (2018) ’Grammatical Gender in Maltese’
Authors: Reilly-Thornton Ashley
Published: May 2023

Grammatical Gender in MalteseGeorge Farrugia (2018)Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 301 pp.
Review of Dustin Harp’s (2019) ‘Gender in the 2016 US Presidential Election: Trump, Clinton, and Media Discourse’
Authors: He Zhongqing
Published: May 2023

Gender in the 2016 US Presidential Election: Trump, Clinton, and Media DiscourseDustin Harp (2019)New York: Routledge, 192 pp.
How much do we see? On the explainability of partial dependence plots for credit risk scoring
Authors: Szepannaek Gero , Lübke Karsten
Published: May 2023

Risk prediction models in credit scoring have to fulfil regulatory requirements, one of which consists in the interpretability of the model. Unfortunately, many popular modern machine learning algorithms result in models that do not satisfy this business need, whereas the research activities in the field of explainable machine learning have strongly increased in recent years. Partial dependence plots denote one of the most popular methods for model-agnostic interpretation of a feature’s effect on the model outcome, but in practice they are usually applied without answering the question of how much can actually be seen in such plots. For this purpose, in this paper a methodology is presented in order to analyse to what extent arbitrary machine learning models are explainable by partial dependence plots. The proposed framework provides both a visualisation, as well as a measure to quantify the explainability of a model on an understandable scale. A corrected version of the German credit data, one of the most popular data sets of this application domain, is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology.
Optimization of automated preparation of long oval-shaped root canals using supplementary instrumentation
Authors: Castro-Perez Marco Antonio , Nabeshima Cleber Keiti , Silva Emmanuel. J. N. L. , Valdivia José Edgar , Gavini Giulio , Machado Manoel Eduardo de Lima
Published: May 2023

Abstract This study compared the preparation of long oval-shaped root canals using WaveOne Gold and XP-endo Shaper systems, both supplemented or not with manual instrumentation. Twenty-four long oval-shaped canals of mandibular incisors were distributed into two groups according to the instrumentation: WaveOne Gold Primary or XP-endo Shaper systems. All root canals were manually instrumented with a size 25 K-file after automated preparation. The specimens were scanned by using a micro-CT device (17.42 µm) before and after automated preparation and manual instrumentation. The increased surface of the root canal and the percentage of untouched areas were assessed. Both WaveOne Gold and XP-endo Shaper systems increased the root canal surface and had similar untouched areas (p>0.05). Supplementary instrumentation increased the surface of the root canal and decreased the untouched walls (p<0.05). WaveOne Gold and XP-endo Shaper systems provided a similar preparation of long oval-shaped canals and manual instrumentation improved their preparation.
Histone epigenetic modifications and their relationship with cancer: a comparative medicine view
Authors: Senhorello Igor Luiz Salardani , Tinucci-Costa Mirela
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: Epigenetic modifications have become highly important in the study of cancer pathogenesis due to research showing that changes in the expression of DNA-associated proteins can affect gene expression but may be reversible after treatment. The changing histones are being studied on a large scale in medicine while recent studies also show this relationship in veterinary medicine. Histone deacetylation is related to tumor progression and overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is responsible for these changes. The silencing of tumor suppressor genes related to epigenetic changes favors tumor progression; however, using HDAC inhibitors has been shown to effectively reverse these histone changes while having anticancer effects. This research provided an overview of comparative medicine between humans and dogs concerning epigenetic changes while showing the physiological mechanisms and the relationship between cancer and epigenetics, specifically regarding histone acetylation and deacetylation. This overview should contribute to a better understanding of epigenetics and cancer and their relationship with new target-molecular therapies in veterinary medicine and the importance of such studies.
Prácticas integradoras y complementarias, perfil y cuidados de enfermeras(os) a personas con hipertensión: estudio mixto
Authors: Wickert Daiana Cristina , Dallegrave Daniela , Piexak Diéssica Roggia , Mello Marlise Capa Verde Almeida de , Corcini Laís Mara Caetano da Silva , Schimith Maria Denise
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: analizar el perfil de enfermeras(os) acerca de las prácticas integradoras y complementarias en salud y comprender cómo son utilizadas en el cuidado a personas con hipertensión arterial. Método: explicativo, secuencial y mixto. La etapa cuantitativa transversal contó con 386 enfermeras(os), a través de cuestionario virtual, abordando el perfil sociodemográfico y profesional y la formación y actuación, con análisis descriptivo e inferencial. La etapa cualitativa se realizó mediante 18 entrevistas virtuales con profesionales que poseían formación en las prácticas y las utilizaban en el cuidado a personas con hipertensión, fundamentadas en el análisis participativo. La integración se realizó por conexión. Resultados: el 36,8% tuvo formación en las prácticas con predominio de mujeres, blancas, casadas, funcionarias públicas, con media de edad de 37 años (+ 9,4). El 14,2% utilizaba las prácticas en el cuidado en personas con hipertensión, predominando la auriculoterapia (28,2%) y la sangría en la crisis hipertensiva. Se evidenció el abordaje integral del paciente, no limitado a signos vitales alterados, con intervención en la ansiedad, estrés, sueño y reposo. Como potencialidad, tenemos el auxilio en la adhesión al tratamiento. Conclusión: se presentó el perfil de enfermeras(os) con formación en prácticas integradoras y complementarias. Se comprende que esas prácticas tienen implicación en la disminución de la presión arterial y que son utilizadas en el cuidado a personas con hipertensión, sin embargo de manera incipiente, considerando el potencial en el cuidado de enfermería.
Integrative and complementary practices in health, nurses’ profile and care provided to people with hypertension: a mixed study design
Authors: Wickert Daiana Cristina , Dallegrave Daniela , Piexak Diéssica Roggia , Mello Marlise Capa Verde Almeida de , Corcini Laís Mara Caetano da Silva , Schimith Maria Denise
Published: May 2023

Objective: to analyze the profile of nurses regarding integrative and complementary practices in health (ICPH) and understand how they are used in the care of people with arterial hypertension. Method: mixed-methods sequential explanatory design. The cross-sectional quantitative stage included 386 nurses who completed an online questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and professional information, training, and practice, with a descriptive and inferential analysis. The qualitative stage was performed via 18 online interviews with professionals who had ICPH training and implemented it in the care provided to individuals with hypertension, with a participatory analysis. Integration occurred through a connecting approach. Results: 36.8% had ICPH training; most were women, Caucasian, married, public servants, aged 37 (+ 9.4) on average; 14.2% incorporated ICPH into the care provided to people with hypertension; predominantly auriculotherapy (28.2%) and bloodletting in hypertensive crises. The results show that nurses integrally approached patients, and their approach was not limited to the vital sign altered at the time, but they also intervened in anxiety, stress, sleep, and rest. A potentiality observed concerns support treatment adherence. Conclusion: the profile of nurses with ICPH training is presented, and such practice has implications for lowering blood pressure. ICPH has been incorporated into the care of people with hypertension, but its use is still incipient, considering its potential in nursing care.
Competências profissionais dos enfermeiros de unidades de urgência e emergência: estudo de método misto
Authors: Ferreira Kemilys Marine , Balsanelli Alexandre Pazetto , Santos José Luís Guedes dos
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: descrever as competências profissionais dos enfermeiros que atuam em urgência e emergência e compreender sua percepção a respeito das competências essenciais para a atuação e a atualização profissional. Método: estudo sequencial explanatório de métodos mistos, realizado com enfermeiros de urgência e emergência. Para a obtenção dos dados quantitativos, utilizou-se um questionário com 78 itens, respondidos por 39 enfermeiros, que foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva e testes não paramétricos. Já os dados qualitativos, foram obtidos por entrevista semiestruturada realizada com 17 enfermeiros, cuja interpretação deu-se pela análise temática de conteúdo indutiva. Os dados foram combinados por conexão. Resultados: obteve-se alto nível de competência na autoavaliação dos enfermeiros de urgência e emergência no fator 2 – relações no trabalho e menor nível no fator 6 - excelência profissional (p=0,036). Os dados qualitativos corroboraram de forma positiva com o fator relações no trabalho, identificando a associação do conhecimento e experiência prática com competências, além de um cenário desprovido de educação permanente. Conclusão: apesar de altos níveis de competência identificados nos enfermeiros de urgência e emergência, o fortalecimento de estratégias educacionais favorece o desenvolvimento e o reconhecimento profissional.
Histology and histochemistry of the accessory gland of the female reproductive tract of Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)
Authors: Gomes D. S. , Oliveira C. J. F. , Costa T. M. C. , Rueda A. Plata , Zanuncio J. C. , Serrão J. E. , Souza E. A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract Rhodnius neglectus is a wild triatomine, vector of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas’ disease, and feeds on the blood of small mammals, being essential for its growth and reproduction. Accessory glands of the female reproductive tract are important in insect reproduction, but their anatomy and histology in R. neglectus are poorly studied. The aim of this work was to describe the histology and histochemistry of the accessory gland of the female reproductive tract of R. neglectus. The reproductive tract of five females of R. neglectus was dissected and the accessory glands transferred to Zamboni's fixative solution, dehydrated in a crescent series of ethanol, embedded in historesin, sectioned at 2 µm thick, stained with toluidine blue for histological analysis or mercury bromophenol blue for detection of total proteins. The accessory gland R. neglectus is tubular, without branches, opening in the dorsal region of the vagina and differing along its length in proximal and distal regions. In the proximal region, the gland is lined by the cuticle with a layer of columnar cells associated with muscle fibers. In the distal region of the gland, the epithelium has spherical secretory cells with terminal apparatus and conducting canaliculi opening in the lumen through pores in the cuticle. Proteins were identified in the gland lumen, terminal apparatus, nucleus and cytoplasm of secretory cells. The histology of the R. neglectus gland is similar to that found in other species of this genus, but with variations in the shape and size of its distal region.
Management strategies for Anredera cordifolia in coffee culture
Authors: Silva Paulo V. da , Coeti João P. Z. , Ferrari Andrea , Melo Karolainy T. da S. , Dias Roque de C. , Schedenffeldt Bruna F. , Monquero Patricia A. , Salmazo Pedro A. V. , Medeiros Elias S. de , Bicalho Carolina C. , Mauad Munir
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Coffee plantations installed at high altitudes and near forested areas have been highly infested with Anredera cordifolia. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of different pre- and post-emergence herbicide treatments on A. cordifolia after mechanical mowing. A field experiment was carried out in a coffee plantation with natural infestation of A. cordifolia in a completely randomized design with a split-plot scheme and four replicates, in which the main plot an herbicides application and the subplot was the days after the initial application (DAI). The treatments were as follows: saflufenacil + glyphosate (70 + 960 g a.i. ha-1); chlorimuron + glyphosate (80 + 960 g a.i. ha-1); metsulfuron + glyphosate (6 + 960 g a.i. ha-1); flumioxazin + glyphosate (25 + 960 g a.i. ha-1), and glyphosate (960 g a.i. ha-1); with sequential application of glyphosate (960 g a.i. ha-1); glyphosate + indaziflam (960 + 75 g a.i. ha-1); indaziflam (75 g a.i. ha-1); and a control without herbicide application. Mechanical control, followed by the application of the treatments flumioxazin + glyphosate and metsulfuron + glyphosate in the first application and sequential application of indaziflam, proved to be effective. Control of this weed should be based on the removal of its plant residues from the field to reduce the regrowth and germination of aerial tubers.
Selection of lima bean accessions for fresh and dry production
Authors: Damas Loren R. , Barroso Priscila A. , Assunção Neto Wilson V. de , Lopes Angela C. de A. , Silva Junior José V. da , Gomes Regina L. F. , Medeiros Artur M.
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT The selection of lima bean accessions in the fresh and dry stages is an excellent tool to increase crop yield in Brazil and ensure a source of vegetable protein for the population. Principal component analysis and nonparametric indices can be used to identify promising accessions based on the desired agronomic variables. The aim of the present study was to select accessions from traditional lima bean varieties in the fresh and dry stages using principal component analysis and nonparametric selection indices. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design, evaluating 13 treatments in four replicates. The experimental plot contained 20 plants in its study area. The first two principal components for the two stages explained more than 80% of the variation found among the accessions. The Mulamba & Mock and Genotype-Ideotype selection indices were efficient in classifying promising varieties for breeding programs. The UFPI 1111 accession can be used in fresh lima bean production, and its UFPI 1248 and 1294 counterparts in lima bean breeding programs.
Response of semi-arid vegetation to agricultural drought determined by indices derived from MODIS satellite
Authors: Lima Sabrina C. de , Moraes Neto João M. de , Lima Josilene P. , Lima Felipe C. de , Saboya Luciano M. F.
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Indices based on data from remote sensors play an important role in the characterization, mapping and monitoring of a drought event. Thus, the objective of this study was to monitor the dynamics of agricultural drought, through the response of vegetation, in the semi-arid region that comprises the state of Paraíba, Brazil, through MODIS satellite products applied to the VCI (vegetation condition index), TCI (temperature condition index) and VHI (vegetation health index) indices, and to evaluate the correspondence of VHI index with standardized precipitation index (SPI) and agricultural standardized precipitation index (aSPI). In this study, values of NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and LST (land surface temperature) - covering the period between 2010 and 2020 - were used to estimate VCI, TCI and VHI. In addition, the correspondence of VHI with SPI and aSPI was evaluated at the 12-month time scale, conducted using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Characteristics of a stressed vegetation predominated in the study region, due to irregularity of precipitation and high temperatures, confirming the possibility of detection of droughts through VHI, VCI and TCI, and that the indices detected remotely and through local data are strongly correlated in drought detection.
Perfil termográfico das extremidades inferiores de indivíduos em tratamento de feridas ulcerativas: uma exploração qualitativa das imagens
Authors: Branco Ruy Luiz Lorenzetti , Honório Gesilani Júlia da Silva , Machado Deyse Borges , Luz Soraia Cristina Tonon da
Published: May 2023

RESUMO A termografia revela-se como um novo conceito na mensuração da termogênese de sistemas biológicos e um método valioso para confirmação de diagnóstico clínico que dispensa análises subjetivas e critérios pessoais. O resultado da avaliação termográfica é alvo de duas análises: qualitativa e quantitativa. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o perfil térmico das extremidades inferiores de indivíduos diagnosticados com doenças de base endocrinometabólica e circulatória em tratamento de feridas ulcerativas. Para tanto, foi realizada avaliação termográfica de 19 regiões, distribuídas nas áreas dorsal, plantar, lateral e medial das extremidades. Na análise qualitativa, as imagens com e sem ferida foram divididas de acordo com o diagnóstico. Após a divisão, elaborou-se um checklist para a avaliação qualitativa das imagens. Participaram 100 indivíduos (49 mulheres e 51 homens), sendo 65 com doença circulatória e 35 com doença endocrinometabólica. Houve diferença no padrão de coloração entre as extremidades em ambos os diagnósticos. Os grupos apresentaram características termográficas semelhantes, com sinais de hiperradiação nas feridas, predominantemente de colorações vermelho e branco. Foi observado maior número de lesões na borda medial de pé e na lateral e medial de tornozelo nos indivíduos com doença de base circulatória. Já aqueles com doença de base endocrinometabólica apresentaram maior número de lesões nas regiões plantar (antepé), dorsal e medial de tornozelo. O perfil revelou discrepância na coloração das regiões de interesse da extremidade com e sem ferida, de acordo com os diagnósticos. Os sinais de hiperradiação das feridas foram semelhantes nos dois grupos, porém a fisiologia das doenças e os tratamentos diferiram.
Variability of volatile compound profiles during two coffee fermentation times in northern Peru using SPME-GC/MS
Authors: Perez Jhordy , Calderon Martha Steffany , Bustamante Danilo Edson , Caetano Aline Camila , Mendoza Jani Elisabet , Fernandez-Güimac Samia Littly Jahavely
Published: May 2023

Abstract The time of the fermentation process of coffee from northern Peru is variable (9 to 48 hours) since coffee farmers do not use standardized processes, causing a variety of coffee qualities. This study aimed to identify volatile compounds in both short (9 hours) and long (32 hours) coffee fermentation processes from coffee farms in northern Peru using Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) to associate the coffee quality and diversity of volatile compounds. Sensory analyses showed that the short fermentation process (SFP) scored 77.8 ± 0.39 and had chocolate, wood, cardboard, dry, fatty and rough notes, while the long fermentation process (LFP) showed higher punctuations 85.5 ± 3.16 and citrus, fruity, floral, caramel and chocolate sensory attributes. A total of 90 compounds were found in the SFP, whereas 141 compounds were identified in the LFP. Significant differences in the relative abundance of 14 chemical compounds were reported in the SFP and LFP (p < 0.05). From these results, the presence of benzaldehyde, methional, hexanal, 2-heptanone, pentadecane, 1-butanol-3-methyl-acetate, and benzene-acetic acid ethyl ester seems to impact the quality of coffee. The analysis of similarities showed that coffee samples (5 h and 9 h) during the SFP were very variable, whereas coffee samples from LFP showed some tendency to group, which may be related to the difference in altitude and temperature in coffee farms making comparison between them difficult. In addition, this study highlights the complex relationship between coffee fermentation and flavour and the influence of several factors and variables that may affect the composition of flavour and aroma precursors in green coffee beans obtained from wet fermentation.
Flora of Espírito Santo, Brazil: Bixaceae
Authors: Antar Guilherme de Medeiros , Lírio Elton John de , Almeida Roberto Baptista Pereira , Sano Paulo Takeo
Published: May 2023

Abstract The present study is part of the Flora of Espírito Santo project and aimed to survey and describe the morphological diversity of species of Bixaceae from Espírito Santo state, Brazil, as well as to provide data on geographical distribution, biology, and habitat of these species. To do so, fieldwork was carried out in several areas of Espírito Santo and the most important herbaria collections in the state were examined. Bixaceae in Espírito Santo is represented by the genus Bixa, with two species. Bixa atlantica, recently described and repeatedly misidentified as Bixa arborea, is a forest tree up to 20 m tall (rarely appearing as treelet or shrub in savannah-like vegetation), with spine fruits and lacking nectaries in the pedicel apex. Bixa orellana, on the other hand, is recognized as a shrub or treelet up to 5-6 m tall, with conspicuous nectaries in the pedicel apex. The species origin is uncertain, though it occurs sub-spontaneously in Espírito Santo state, where it is widely cultivated due to its value as a spice. In this paper we provide taxonomic descriptions, an identification key, geographic distribution maps, photographic plates and comments on the ecology, conservation, and recognition of both species.
New records in Thismia (Thismiaceae) for Pará state, northern Brazil
Authors: Engels Mathias Erich , Silva Fabio Araújo da , Rocha Lilien Christiane Ferneda , Smidt Eric de Camargo
Published: May 2023

Abstract In the present study, we present new geographic distribution records of Thismia hyalina and T. melanomitra for Pará State, increasing the number of species of Thismiaceae in this state to three, with the previous register of T. singeri. The three species can be separated by the thickness of the roots, the presence of tuberous stems, outer tepal shape and colour, inner tepal shape and colour, and mitre presence. The description, taxonomic, ecological and geographic distribution comments along with photo plates of the studied species are presented.
Seasonality, dispersal modes, and optimal germination times modulate the fruiting of tropical tree species
Authors: Miranda Lia d’Afonseca Pereira de , Silva Brenda Tayná Sousa da , Santos Jiovana Pereira Amorin , Rodrigues Maianny dos Santos , Trevisan Solange Henchen , Menezes Isiara Silva , Funch Ligia Silveira
Published: May 2023

Abstract We investigated the associations of seasonality, dispersal modes and seed germination speeds with the fruiting of Clusia nemorosa, Pleroma fissinervium, and Vochysia pyramidalis in a gallery forest, Chapada Diamantina, Brazil. Observations of mature fruits with dispersing seeds were carried out from 2003 to 2006. Cross-correlation and circular statistics were performed to test the relationships among fruiting and abiotic factors, and phenological seasonality. Dispersion syndromes were defined and germination experiments were performed after seed collection (n =100/species), using four replicates. The species evidenced seasonal fruiting. Clusia nemorosa produced zoochoric seeds and V. pyramidalis anemochoric seeds, which were dispersed during the rainy season and positively correlated with precipitation; P. fissinervium produced autochoric seeds, released during the dry season to early rainy season, being positively correlated with insolation and negatively with humidity. The rotating wing seeds of V. pyramidalis were released in the rainy season and aided floating in watercourses, characterizing hydrochory. Clusia nemorosa and V. pyramidalis germinated (2-6 days) more rapidly than P. fissinervium (9 days). Seasonality, dispersal modes, and optimal germination conditions modulated the fruiting of the species examined, whose reproductive strategies responded to environmental drivers such as precipitation, favoring germination during the rainy season.
Assessment of health promotion and drug use prevention strategies in the psychosocial network
Authors: Santos Elitiele Ortiz dos , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Godoy Maria Gabriela Curubeto , Olschowsky Agnes , Silva Aline Basso da , Eslabão Adriane Domingues
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objective to assess health promotion and drug use prevention strategies in the Psychosocial Care Network. Method this is a qualitative study based on empowerment evaluation, developed in 2017 in the Psychosocial Care Network of a municipality in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The interest groups were 42 workers and managers representing the municipal RAPS components. Participant observation techniques, interviews and Open Forum were used. Results it was assessed that health promotion and drug use prevention actions are precarious and require investments, constituting the mission of workers and managers. Primary care was identified as a difficulty due to weaknesses in public policies and lack of support from specialized services. As a potentiality, matrix support in mental health was listed. Investment in Primary Care is suggested through training and support for these teams. Conclusion and implications for practice health promotion and drug abuse prevention agenda are urgent and must be included in the structuring of public policies and practices within the networks.
Avaliação das estratégias de promoção da saúde e prevenção ao uso de drogas na rede psicossocial
Authors: Santos Elitiele Ortiz dos , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Godoy Maria Gabriela Curubeto , Olschowsky Agnes , Silva Aline Basso da , Eslabão Adriane Domingues
Published: May 2023

Resumo Objetivo avaliar as estratégias de promoção da saúde e prevenção ao uso de drogas na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Método estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na avaliação de empoderamento, desenvolvido em 2017 na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS) de um município do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os grupos de interesse foram 42 trabalhadores e gestores representativos dos componentes da RAPS municipal. Foram utilizadas técnicas de observação participante, entrevistas e Fórum Aberto. Resultado avaliou-se que as ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção ao uso de drogas são precárias e necessitam de investimentos, constituindo-se a missão dos trabalhadores e gestores. Identificou-se como dificuldade a atuação da atenção primária, devido às fragilidades nas políticas públicas e à falta de apoio dos serviços especializados. Como potencialidade, elencou-se o matriciamento em saúde mental. Sugere-se investimento na Atenção Primária por meio de treinamento e suporte a essas equipes. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a pauta da promoção da saúde e prevenção ao uso abusivo de drogas é urgente e deve ser incluída na estruturação de políticas públicas e práticas no âmbito das redes.
Knowledge and use of the right to health by users with diabetes: mixed methods research
Authors: Araújo Raimunda Clara da Silva , Costa Patrício de Almeida , Celestino Maria Nielly Santos , Paixão Mariana Érica da Silva , Santos Carla Lidiane Jácome dos , Andrade Luciana Dantas Farias de , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Andrade Lidiane Lima de
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objectives to verify the factors related to the level of use of the right to health of users with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus and understand the knowledge and the use of rights to health of these users. Methods mixed methods study, convergent type, conducted with 206 participants between November 2020 and April 2021. Data analysis was supported using SPSS® and IRAMUTEQ® software, as well as the adoption of Bardin's theoretical-methodological reference guidelines. Results a relationship was found between the score of the level of use of the right to health with monthly family income and self-reported skin color; and it was verified that the more economically vulnerable a population, the more they seek for rights, besides being evident the disparity related to ethnic groups and access to the right to health. Conclusion and implications for practice the combination of quantitative and qualitative data allowed a broader view of the knowledge and use of the right to health by individuals with diabetes. Thus, it is expected that the data obtained can contribute to a deeper reflection on the subject, favoring a qualified, informative and humanitarian assistance as a way to guarantee the right to health.