bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing big data processing through lazy computations: a systematic review of techniques and applications
Authors: Talakh M.V. , Ushenko Yu.O. , Vatamanitsa E.V. , Halin Yu.O.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the concept of lazy operations and its application for efficient processing of large volumes of data. The main principles of lazy computations, their implementation in various programming languages, and strategies for effective use in Big Data processing are analyzed. The advantages and limitations of the lazy approach are investigated, particularly regarding memory savings, performance improvement, and the ability to work with infinite data streams. A concept for selecting computation strategies based on data size and computational complexity is proposed.
Processing content query requests for CSAF documents using a graphQL-based API
Authors: Arzikulov T.S. , Bahan T.G.
Published: November 2024

The issue of optimizing the combustion process is quite relevant for modern thermal power engineering and arises even more in the context of the restoration and reconstruction of the energy infrastructure of Ukraine. The use of computer vision tools will allow directly determining the qualitative characteristics of the gas combustion process in real time without relying on measurements of secondary parameters, the change in values ​​of which is quite inertial. The process of turbulent torch combustion itself, which occurs in industrial boiler units, is poorly studied and does not allow for its modeling in advance. Therefore, an important stage in the construction of any control and management system is the identification of the object by conducting experimental measurements, on the basis of which the parameters and forms of dependencies will be determined to obtain a mathematical model of the process. In the course of the current work, the process of identifying the methane torch combustion process inside the simulated installation of the boiler unit furnace (combustion chamber) is considered. According to the results of a series of experiments, it was possible to obtain the dependences of the characteristics of the visual manifestation of the combustion process, recorded by a video camera, on its current combustion mode, which was determined by the satisfaction of the stoichiometric ratio of gas and air supply to the burner with preliminary mixing of the gas-air mixture. In general, the dependences of the spectral composition of the radiation, the area of ​​the torch and its luminosity on the combustion mode were obtained.  The dependences are characterized by significant nonlinearity when the torch transitions to the mode of significant chemical underburning, but are easily linearized in the area of ​​interest, which is located near the point of satisfaction of the stoichiometric ratio. The results of this article demonstrate the suitability of the parameters obtained by computer vision for their use in traditional control systems. Taking into account the speed of obtaining such data, we can conclude that it is appropriate to create a control system based on combustion parameters completely obtained by computer vision methods and means.
Method of arrhythmia classification on ECG signal
Authors: Kovalchuk O. V. , Barmak O. V.
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes an improved arrhythmia classification method based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) applied to ECG signals. To improve the quality of classification, ECG signals were split into fragments containing three cardiac cycles with the current cardiac cycle in the center. The improved CNN architecture includes the addition of batch normalization layers, an additional convolutional layer, and a dropout layer, which improvs the model's accuracy. In addition, hyperparameters were optimized for new CNN architecture. The model was trained data of the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database to classify nine classes of ECG. The achieved average accuracy of 99.26% confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method in diagnosing various types of arrhythmias
Faculty of Information Electronic Systems of Vinnitsa National Technical University - 55
Authors: Kychak V.M. , Osadchuk O.V. , Pavlov S.V. , Tymchyk S.V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the history of the development of the Faculty of Information Electronic Systems of Vinnytsia National Technical University. Information is provided about the heads of the faculty in different years of its formation. Information is provided about the scientific schools and achievements of the faculty in scientific and educational areas. The contribution of the faculty and its role in the creation of powerful scientific and educational centers and scientific developments and their presentation at international and domestic events is also determined.
Researching the possibilities of using ai technologies for digital image processing: review and applications
Authors: Dubolazov O.V. , Ushenko O.G. , Soltys I.V. , Ohirko M.O. , Foglinskiy S.V. , Zaplitniy R.A. , Karachevtsev A.O.
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the field of digital image processing, analyzing current applications and future prospects. AI-based image processing techniques, such as noise reduction, super-resolution, inpainting, and image generation, are transforming traditional approaches, offering new levels of accuracy, efficiency, and creative potential. The paper examines AI applications across various fields, including healthcare for medical diagnostics, cultural heritage for art restoration, industry for quality control, and marketing for content creation.
Outro e a angústia
Authors: Alberti Sonia
Published: November 2024

O texto é um diálogo entre Freud e Lacan sobre o inconsciente e a angústia. Parto do inconsciente como discurso e depois lugar do Outro no ensino de Lacan, para examinar as três diferentes concepções do inconsciente em Freud visando os inconscientes que Lacan propõe quando, no campo do gozo, estabelece o inconsciente real. Desenvolvimento que julgo necessário para avançarmos sobre a teoria da angústia, tendo em vista a hipótese de não havê-la sem Outro. Assim, a segunda parte do trabalho retoma a angústia em Lacan, e levanta a questão sobre os três termos que encontramos no texto de Freud, Mais além do princípio do prazer, em que distingue Angst, Furcht e Schreck.
No litoral com Ana Cristina Cesar
Authors: Vieira Silva Paloma
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo elabora reflexões sobre a obra da poeta Ana Cristina Cesar, articulando-a às proposições de Freud e Lacan sobre escrita, angústia e gozo feminino. Através da formalização singular da poeta, destaca indícios de que sua escrita é um modo de tratamento da angústia e de que seu fazer poético evoca o trabalho que se impõe aos sujeitos em posição feminina. Resgata a contribuição de alguns estudiosos da obra de Ana Cristina Cesar e conclui sobre a questão do indizível na clínica psicanalítica.
Efektywność egzekucji w systemie prawnym Szwajcarii – studium przypadku
Authors: Stróżewski Bartosz
Published: November 2024

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie efektywności egzekucji w systemie prawnym Szwajcarii, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nietypowych procedur egzekucyjnych, które nie angażują tradycyjnych komorników sądowych. Pytania badawcze koncentrują się na identyfikacji głównych procedur i instytucji odpowiedzialnych za egzekucję oraz na ocenie: czy system zachowuje równowagę między interesami dłużników i wierzycieli przy jednoczesnej efektywnej egzekucji długu. Analiza wykazała, że szwajcarski model opiera się na dobrze uregulowanych procedurach i instytucjach, co prowadzi do szybszej realizacji należności bez sporu prawnego. System ten korzysta z biur egzekucji długów na poziomie kantonalnym, organów nadzorczych oraz klarownych przepisów prawnych. Zauważono, że szwajcarski system egzekucyjny może być cennym punktem odniesienia do przeprowadzenia analizy prawnoporównawczej między Szwajcarią a Polską, z sugestią przeniesienia kilku rozwiązań na grunt prawa polskiego. Szczególnie interesujące są pomysły dotyczące biur egzekucyjnych i możliwości wszczęcia egzekucji bez uzyskania tytułu wykonawczego, co mogłoby uprościć procedury dla przedsiębiorców. Szwajcarski system egzekucyjny wydaje się być mniej skomplikowany i przyjazny dla wierzycieli, ale równocześnie uwzględnia interesy dłużników, co prowadzi do balansu między zabezpieczeniem interesów obu stron. Jasność i przejrzystość procedur mają wpływ na korzystne rozwiązywanie sporów, a łatwość wszczęcia egzekucji ma także działanie prewencyjne. Autor zwraca uwagę na potencjał analizy systemu szwajcarskiego do wnioskowania ogólnych zasad dotyczących efektywności egzekucji w różnych kontekstach prawnych.
Клініко-демографічні характеристики пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом 2-го типу різних вікових груп та їх взаємозв’язок із ризиком розвитку серцево-судинних ускладнень
Authors: Sayenko Ya.A. , Pysaruk A.V. , Koshel N.M. , Mankovsky B.M.
Published: November 2024

Резюме. Цукровий діабет 2-го типу (ЦД2) значно підвищує ризик виникнення серцево-судинних ускладнень, таких як інфаркт міокарда, інсульт, серцева недостатність (СН) та інші. Мета роботи – проаналізувати клініко-демографічні характеристики пацієнтів із ЦД2 різних вікових груп та їх взаємозв’язок із ризиком розвитку серцево-судинних ускладнень. Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 233 хворих на ЦД2 віком 30-80 років. Усім обстежуваним проводили антропометричні вимірювання, артеріальний тиск, визначали рівень глюкози, глікованого гемоглобіну, С-пептиду, загального холестерину (ХС), тригліцеридів, ХС ліпопротеїдів низької та високої щільності. Порівнювалися групи пацієнтів різного віку та тривалості захворювання на ЦД2 за допомогою критерію Стьюдента та критерію Пірсона (хі-квадрат). Результати. Середній рівень глюкози в крові натще, глікованого гемоглобіну та C-пептиду істотно вищі за норму, але вірогідно не відрізняються у хворих на ЦД2 в різних вікових групах, а також із різною тривалістю захворювання. Це свідчить про однакову тяжкість перебігу ЦД2 у хворих різних вікових груп. Серед показників ліпідного обміну лише рівень тригліцеридів у крові перевищує норму в обох вікових групах, а також із різною тривалістю захворювання. Рівень загального ХС нижчий у хворих ЦД2 у віці ≥60 років. Це обумовлено прийманням статинів хворими похилого віку. Частота ішемічної хвороби серця (ІХС) (відношення шансів (odds ratio, OR) OR=3,46; 95% довірчий інтервал (ДI) 1,99-6,02; p<0,0001), інфаркту (OR=3,58; 95% ДI 1,78-7,23; p=0,0004), СН (OR=5,5; 95% ДI 2,66-11,12; p<0,0001) та інсульту (OR=3,96; 95% ДI 1,11-14,07; p=0,03) вірогідно вища в людей старшої вікової групи. Частота ІХС (OR=1,8; 95% ДI1,04-3,20; p=0,037), інфаркту (OR=2,22; 95% ДI 1,20-4,09; p=0,011) та СН (OR=2,97; 95% ДI 1,62-5,45; p<0,0004) достовірно вища в людей, які хворіють ≥10 років. Висновок. Аналіз отриманих нами даних показав, що розвиток ускладнень ЦД2 залежить від віку пацієнта та тривалості діабету, які є незалежними предикторами розвитку ускладнень ЦД2.
Аналіз показників росту та обміну вітаміну D залежно від поліморфізму +1245 G/T гена COL1A1 у дітей із дефіцитом гормону росту
Authors: Ryznychuk M.O.
Published: November 2024

Резюме. Поліморфізм +1245 G/T гена Collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), що бере участь у синтезі колагену та формуванні щільності кісток, є важливою причиною порушення росту в дітей. Дефіцит гормону росту (ГР) є надважливою складовою затримки зросту в дитячому віці, та формування остеопорозу – у дорослому. Метою нашого дослідження стало вивчення окремих показників у дітей із дефіцитом ГР залежно від поліморфізму +1245 G/T гена COL1A1. Матеріал і методи. Проведено обстеження 28 дітей із дефіцитом ГР препубертатного віку. Визначення поліморфізму +1245 G/T (rs1800012) гена COL1A1 проводили за допомогою методу полімеразної ланцюгової реакції з наступним аналізом довжини рестрикційних фрагментів при виявленні їх шляхом електрофорезу в агарозному гелі. Результати. Найбільше відставання в рості спостерігали при гомозиготному генотипі Т/Т, діти-гетерозиготи по алелях Т/G мали найменше відставання в зрості. Базальний рівень ГР був низьким у всіх досліджуваних групах незалежно від генотипу, але найнижчим був у носіїв гомозиготного генотипу Т/Т. Рівень ГР після стимуляційної проби з клонідином найнижчим був у дітей гомозигот Т/Т. Рівень інсуліноподібного чинника росту-1 (ІПЧР-1) у досліджуваних із наявністю гетерозиготного поліморфізму Т/G був знижений, а в дітей-гомозигот – нормальний. Висновки. Значна кількість дітей із дефіцитом ГР (53,57%) мають гомозиготний генотип G/G поліморфізму +1245 G/T (rs1800012) гена COL1A1, гомозиготи по алелях Т/Т становили 7,14% та гетерозиготи по алелях Т/G – 39,29%. Гіповітаміноз D встановлений у всіх пацієнтів із дефіцитом ГР: дефіцит – у дітей із гетерозиготним генотипом Т/G (45,09±8,43 нмоль/л), а недостатність вітаміну D (віт. D) – у носіїв гомозиготних генотипів, а саме: генотипу Т/Т (57,15±7,57 нмоль/л) та гомозиготного генотипу G/G (56,70±5,66 нмоль/л).
TUNGSTOFOSFORİK ASİTLE MODİFİYE H-BETA ZEOLİT KATALİZÖRLER VARLIĞINDA DİFENİLMETAN SENTEZİ
Authors: Akyalçın Sema , Akyalçın Levent , Keskin Fatma Hande , Satır Çağan
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, H-Beta (HB) zeolit destekli tungstofosforik asit (TPA) üzerinde benzenin benzil alkol ile reaksiyonundan difenilmetan (DPM) sentezi araştırılmıştır. Destek zeoliti üzerinde ağırlıkça %5 ila %20 arasında değişen TPA yüklemeleri ıslak emdirme yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiş ve desteklenen katalizörler kalsinasyon işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Hazırlanan katalizörler ICP-OES, XRD, azot adsorpsiyon-desorpsiyon izotermleri, amonyağın sıcaklık programlı desorpsiyonu (NH3-TPD) ve FT-IR ile karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, %98,9 benzil alkol dönüşümü ve %87,3 difenilmetan seçiciliği ile %5TPA-HB'nin hazırlanan diğer katalizörlerden daha yüksek bir katalitik performansa sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışma, %5TPA-HB'nin uygun gözenek büyüklüğü ve yüksek erişilebilir güçlü asit bölgelerinin iyi bir kombinasyonu sayesinde DPM sentezinde potansiyel uygulamalara sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.
PILOT PROJECT TO CHANGE LEVELS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION: EXPERIENCE OF PARTICIPATION AND RESULTS OF THE FIRST YEAR OF IMPLEMENTATION AT THE MOSCOW PEDAGOGICAL STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors: LUBKOV A.V. , BALABAEVA E.A. , AKIMOVA A.I. , KADZOEVA T.M.
Published: November 2024

The article summarizes the experience of Moscow Pedagogical State University’s participation in the pilot project aimed at changing the levels of professional education. The article also summarizes the results of the first year of the pilot programs implementation, describes the key changes taking place in the higher education system, presents the updated model of teacher training, outlines the prospects for the development of domestic higher education for further building a quality sovereign system of national education.
METHODS OF TEACHING WORK WITH OBSERVATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL DATA AND CATALOGS
Authors: ARKHIPOVA N.A. , LUZHNOV A.S.
Published: November 2024

A significant increase in the amount of observational and experimental data has been observed in many fields of science since the middle of the last century, and especially since the beginning of this century. The problem is especially evident in the field of astronomy and astrophysics due to the large amount of accumulated observational data. In this regard, there is a global urgent problem of methodology of teaching modern methods of working with astronomical data in astronomy classes in schools, as well as in the first years of university studies. The article deals with the part of the course on working with observational astronomical data, devoted to the principles of working with astronomical catalogs. The peculiarity of this course is the presence of practical programming tasks, which are the closest to modern scientific methods and discoveries in astronomy.
INNOVATIVE AND TRADITIONAL METHODS OF BOOK ILLUSTRATION
Authors: LVOVA N.S. , MOISEEV A.A. , VITKOVSKY A.N.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the specifics of working on book illustration by means of compositional and style solutions, classifies the possible ways of building an illustrative composition. The authors analyze the trends of the last few years in Ithe field of modern technology and artificial intelligence, which have a determining influence on the industry of fine arts, design, illustration, as well as related areas. The article also reveals the current understanding of the illustrator’s profession and outlines new genres and artistic technologies for the visual arts. The authors analyzed and structured the artificial intelligence technologies and modern Internet tools used in contemporary illustration. It should be noted that the artist-illustrator should perceive the neural network as a tool that can help with applied tasks. The conducted pedagogical experiment did not show an unambiguous advantage of advanced digital technologies over traditional ones in teaching students book illustration. The application of author’s methodological keys in teaching students book illustration, allowed to systematize the algorithm of work with the use of advanced digital technologies. In the future it is planned to generalize the pedagogical and methodological experience in teaching book illustration, on the basis of the obtained data to develop the most effective methodological system of teaching students in higher education institutions.
SPEED-STRENGTH PREPAREDNESS AS ONE OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES IN JUDO
Authors: GILEV G.A. , ZINO H.
Published: November 2024

The article is aimed at identifying the ways of development of speed- strength abilities of judoists in domestic and foreign literature sources. The ways of development of speed-strength abilities of judoists and aspects of their use in competitive activity to achieve higher results in competitions are revealed. The most common methods of development of speed-strength abilities in other sports with the possibility of their application in judo are analyzed. A number of innovative methods of development of speed- strength abilities of wrestlers, which were proposed in the studies devoted to competitive activity in martial arts, including judo, are considered. Differences in the use of means for the development of speed- strength abilities of judo wrestlers are noted. The errors concerning individual psychological and pedagogical peculiarities of developing speed-strength abilities of judoists are revealed, which can become the subject of future scientific research. The results of this analytical review can be useful for specialists and coaches in the field of combat sports when conducting further experimental-theoretical research and training process with judoists.
ON THE ISSUE OF UNIFORMITY OF REQUIREMENTS FOR APPEARANCE, SPORTSWEAR AND FOOTWEAR OF STUDENTS AT PHYSICAL EDUCATION LESSONS
Authors: KORCHAGIN D.S.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the current state of normative-legal regulation, which determines the requirements for appearance, sportswear and footwear of students in physical education. Despite the realization of the unity of the educational space in the Russian Federation, the differences in the requirements for the educational process and the lack of normative-legal regulation of this issue are revealed. The results of the online survey of physical education teachers of Moscow schools are given. The provisions of local normative acts of the top 20 Moscow schools are identified, the requirements of sport are generalized, and a comparative analysis of information from physical education textbooks is given. Conclusions on the necessity of development of uniform requirements to the appearance, sportswear and footwear of students are drawn. The article can be useful for specialists of executive authorities in the field of education to improve the normative-legal regulation of safe conditions of the educational process in the subject “Physical education".
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRID EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Authors: LELYUKH A.B. , FEDOROVA E.N.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the methodological aspects of the development of hybrid educational programs as one of the modern problems of didactics. The relevance of the considered phenomenon of hybrid learning is determined by the specificity of modern strategies of information technology development, which expand the opportunities for lifelong learning and cause the transformation of traditional teaching methods. The article presents a substantiated idea that hybrid learning, which involves the combination of online and offline learning formats, in modern conditions acquires the essential characteristics of one of the promising tools for the implementation of educational activities. The conclusions presented in the article allow on an interdisciplinary basis to deepen and expand the scientific understanding of the essence of the phenomenon of hybrid learning, which is important for the successful and effective implementation of educational activities based on hybrid educational programs. The article is addressed to a wide range of specialists in the organization and implementation of educational activities.
IDENTIFICATION OF LEARNING STRATEGIES USING DIGITAL FOOTPRINT IN LMS MOODLE
Authors: KUSTITSKAYA T.A. , OSHLAKOVA P.A.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the problem of identifying strategies used by university students when working with learning material. It reviews classical methods of identifying learning strategies using questionnaires and describes the problems of their relevance in real pedagogical practice. Examples of using an alternative approach to identifying learning strategies by analyzing the digital footprint of learners in the e-learning environment using learning analytics methods are considered. The methodology of identifying learning strategies by means of clustering of aggregated data of students’ digital footprints in the e-learning system based on LMS Moodle is proposed. Two variants of digital footprint data aggregation are considered such as quantitative and content-based. In the quantitative approach, the frequencies of students’ access to different components of e-courses are used as variables for clustering, while in the content approach, the frequencies of committing certain sequences of actions in the e-course are used as variables for clustering. An empirical study was conducted to apply the proposed methodology to identify the learning strategies of students from several study groups and to examine the relationship between the resulting strategies, Biggs learning strategies, and academic performance. Students were divided into 4 clusters and a meaningful interpretation of these clusters in terms of learning behavior was obtained. It has also been found that the results of the clustering were in fairly good agreement with the Biggs learning approaches. The strong relation of clusters with final grades in disciplines makes it possible to recommend the use of the learning strategy identified from the digital footprint as a predictor of learning success.
THE TOPIC OF THE DISPUTE IN THE CONCEPT OF THE COURSE ON CRITICAL THINKING
Authors: SUKHANOVA N.P.
Published: November 2024

The practice of organizing training sessions on the course “Logic and Critical Thinking” is studied. The methodological basis for the formation of critical thinking skills is logic, one of the key issues of which is the effective argumentation. The aim of the article is to systematize the teaching experience in the field of logical and epistemic problems of the argumentation process, to comprehend the specifics of mastering the topic of argumentation as a necessary condition for making activity-based decisions. Attention is emphasized on the achievements of group work in accordance with the settings of the problem-oriented method. The qualification of dispute situations by students is analyzed with reference to the framework of rules for dispute. Argument mechanisms are considered, among which there are permissible and impermissible ones. The obtained results prove the training of critical thinking as an independent value of the modern university, which implies the sustainable development of the educational project on logic and critical thinking. Focusing on the subject of the dispute generates students’ activity in their research and creative works and serves the idea of developing critical reflection.
DIAGNOSING THE FORMATIONOF THE PROCEDURAL CRITERION OF THE CREATIVE ACTIVITY EXPERIENCE OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: SOKOLOVA YU.N. , KARPUSHINA L.P. , MILITSINA O.V.
Published: November 2024

In modern society, there is a constant acceleration of social processes, which entails the uncer tainty and unpredictability. This situation requires the abandonment of standard algorithms and usual actions in favorof using non-standard approaches to solve the assigned problems. In lightof these changes, pedagogical science and educational practice pay special attention to preparing the younger generationfor the complexities and challengesof modern society through developing creative experience in students already at the initial stage of general education.The purpose of this study is to identif y the level of formation of the procedural criterion of the experience of creative activity of junior schoolchildren. Ithas been established that the core indicators of the element being studied are the ability to search for information, establish cause-and-ef fect relationships, and use existing knowledge in conditions of transformation; the ability tosee various options for getting outof the current situation, find the most ef fective way to solve emerging problems independently.The “Diagnostics of Creative Thinking” method by J. Guilford and P. Torrance, modernized by E. E. Tunik and improved by R. V. Ovcharova, is defined as a diagnostictool that determines the dynamics of the formation of the phenomenon under study.Based on the results of an experiment conducted on the basis of educational institutions of the Republic of Mordovia («Gymnasium No. 23» and «GymnasiumNo. 20»), three groups of respondents were identified with high, medium and low levels of development of the procedural criterion for the experience of creative activityof junior schoolchildren.
A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN BLENDED LEARNING
Authors: KALNITSKAYA I.V.
Published: November 2024

The article considers a threedimensional model of student engagement in blended learning in the context of its parameters (behavioral, emotional, and cognitive) and the indicators of their assessment. Special attention is paid tothe relationship between the features of digital students and the parametersof a three-dimensional model of the student engagement. The tools for increasingthe student engagement in accordance withthe functionality of blended learning are given.
The influence of plastic flow localization on the surface morphology of aluminum alloy specimens subjected to complex loading
Authors: Chechulina Evgeniia , Oborin Vladimir Alexandrovich , Gribov Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the effects of complex (nonproportional) loading on plastic deformation in aluminum alloys (Al-6% Mg), with a focus on understanding surface morphology changes driven by the Portevin–Le Chatelier effect. Mechanical tests on the deformation of thin-walled tubular specimens were carried out on an Instron 8850 two-axis servohydraulic testing system. Quantitative analysis of the lateral surface of the specimens roughness was carried out based on data obtained using a NewView 5010 interferometer-profilometer. Localized plasticity zones in a wide spectrum of spatial scales were determined using the Hurst exponent as a roughness characteristic. The results of measuring changes in the surface geometry of specimens under various programs of complex (disproportionate) loading are presented. A compact representation of data on the specimens surface relief in the form of amplitude-frequency characteristics was obtained using wavelet analysis. The results obtained can be used to assess the surface roughness of products, especially at the final stages of their manufacturing process by plastic deformation.
Pertussis in Poland in 2022
Authors: Rumik Agnieszka , Paradowska-Stankiewicz Iwona
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland in 2022 was influenced by the cancellation of the COVID-19 epidemic and the introduction of an epidemic threat. Decisions related to the gradual easing of restrictions on social contacts and the abolition of the obligation to wear masks caused the number of pertussis cases to slowly start to increase. The most effective strategy for preventing pertussis remains the immunization of children in accordance with the National Immunization Program, and in the case of adults, vaccination repeated systematically every 10 years and immunization of pregnant women in the second/third trimester of each pregnancy. Pertussis remains a public health problem because the immunity obtained through vaccination does not last a lifetime.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland in 2022 compared to the situation in previous years, with particular emphasis on assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessing the vaccination status of children against pertussis.

Material and Methods

The assessment of the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland was made based on the results of the analysis of individual reports on pertussis cases registered at the NIPH NIH – NRI in the Epibaza system and data from the annual bulletins "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland" and the bulletin "Vaccinations in Poland in 2022".

Results

In 2022, 371 cases of pertussis were recorded. The incidence was 0.98/100 000 and was 104% higher than in 2021. The highest incidence of pertussis occurred in children aged 0-4 years (6.7/100 000), and high in children aged 5-9 years (2.0/100 000). Over 51% of cases concerned people over 15 years of age. A higher incidence was observed in women in general compared to men, and a higher incidence in cities than in rural areas. In 2022, among people with pertussis, 151 (41%) required hospitalization. In 2022, the vaccination rate of children aged 2 years with 4 doses of the pertussis vaccine was 94.3% in total. In 2022, one case of disease resulting in death due to pertussis was reported to the epidemiological surveillance system.

Conclusions

In Poland, in 2022, there was an increase in the number of pertussis cases compared to the previous year, which was undoubtedly influenced by the gradual lifting of restrictions on social contacts and the obligation to wear masks. The increase in the number of people susceptible to pertussis may lead to the occurrence of compensatory epidemics in the future, therefore a high level of vaccination of the population (above 95%) should be maintained to prevent new cases.
Relationships Between Center and Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kotyk Václav
Published: November 2024

Vztahy centra a regionů Ruské federace
Macau 1999 – The End of Colonialism, the End of Century, the End of European Period
Authors: Klíma Jan
Published: November 2024

Macao 1999 – konec kolonialismu, konec století, konec evropské doby
From the History of the Construction of Economic Cycles
Authors: Stehlík Jiří
Published: November 2024

Z historie konstrukcí ekonomických cyklů
Euroatlantic Security Institutions
Authors: Wallace William
Published: November 2024

Evropsko-atlantické bezpečnostní instituce: stav a vyhlídky
Economic Problems Concerning the Conversion of Arms Production
Authors: Ivánek Ladislav
Published: November 2024

nar. 1928, do roku 1988 působil jako profesor ekonomie na Vojenské akademii v Brně. V následujícím období se zabýval výzkumem konverze v Ústavu pro vědecko-technický rozvoj, v Ústředním ústavu národohospodářského výzkumu a v Institutu pro strategická studia. V současné době je spolupracovníkem Fakulty ekonomické obrany státu Vysoké vojenské školy pozemního vojska ve Vyškově a Ekonomicko-správní fakulty Masarykovy univerzity v Brně.
Ústava ČR a Ústava SR z hlediska zakotvení mezinárodněprávních ustanovení
Authors: Horáček Vít
Published: November 2024

Vít Horáček, nar. 1967, absolvoval právnickou fakultu Univerzity Karlovy. Nyní postgraduálně studuje v oboru mezinárodního práva u profesora Potočného. Zabývá se vztahem mezinárodního a vnitrostátního práva a lidskými právy a jejich ochranou zejména u evropských institucí. V současné době je zaměstnán jako advokátní koncipient v Advokátní kanceláři Bubník a Myslil.
Varšavští nunciové ve dvacátém století
Authors: Poláček Josef
Published: November 2024

Józef M. Ogiński: Nuncjusze warszawczy w XX w. Heliodor , Varšava 1991, 36 stran.
Německé přímé investice v České republice
Authors: Konečný Čestmír
Published: November 2024

Jiří Kosta, Judita Stouračová, Michael Konstantinov: Přímé investice z Německa v České republice (Deutsche Direktinvestitionen in der Tschechischen Republik). Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Praha 1993, 144 stran.
Odchod sovětských vojsk z Československa
Authors: Šedivý Jiří
Published: November 2024

Jiří Šedivý, nar. 1963, v současné době studuje anglistiku a politologii na Filozofické fakultě Univerzity Karlovy.
Turbulence v teorii mezinárodních vztahů podle Jamese Rosenaua
Authors: Girard Michel
Published: November 2024

Michel Girard, působí na politickovědní sekci Pařížské univerzity.
Zahraniční politika Maďarska v historickém kontextu
Authors: Rapcsák János
Published: November 2024

János Rapcsák, je profesorem mezinárodních vztahů na Univerzitě ekonomických věd v Budapešti a členem
redakčního kruhu časopisu Mezinárodní vztahy.
Simulation of Reactive Sputtering. Fundamentals
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Shapovalov V. I.
Published: November 2024

This work aims to describe the fundamental principles whose application for the purposes of modelling various physical and chemical processes has proven to be effective. The model of a process is defined as its representation using another similar (or identical) process, constructed based on a number of simplifying assumptions. Such a representation is referred to as a physicochemical model. The main phenomena occurring on the surfaces and in the gaseous environment of a spray system, which are used in developing reactive sputtering models, are identified. A scheme for deriving a system of equations describing the model in an analytical form is given. An example of modelling based on a non-isothermal surface chemical reaction is given, which demonstrates the possibility of studying immeasurable dependencies characterizing the process of reactive sputtering experimentally.
Features of Cooling Systems and Possibilities of Increased Heat Transfer Efficiency in Stator Windings of Indirect-Cooled Turbogenerators
Authors:   JSC «Power Machines», Mannanov E. R. , Konovalov A. V. ,   JSC «Power Machines», Kostelov А. M. ,   JSC «Power Machines», Filin A. G. ,   JSC «Power Machines»
Published: November 2024

We analyze the technical level and specific features of cooling systems of medium- and high- capacity turbogenerators produced by the main manufacturers of power equipment. The analysis is carried out based on conference materials, intellectual property items, as well as scientific and technical literature. The main directions for improving the technical level of the studied systems are outlined. The review covered the Russian Federation, the USA, Japan, China, and European countries. According to the results obtained, the data on the technical level of the cooling systems of turbogenerators applied in Russia and other countries is generalized with respect to their capacity. The current technological level is assessed, and the main directions for its improvement are outlined.
Combined Control of a Tracking Electric Drive with Compensation for Acceleration Errors
Authors:   Komsomolsk-na-Amure State University, Stelmashchuk S. V.
Published: November 2024

This article presents the technical implementation of a second-order corrective device for combined control of a tracking electric drive with adjustment of the speed contour to a symmetrical optimum with a filter and the position contour to a modular optimum. The effect of current limitation and limitation on the control signal at the input of the power converter is taken into account. A formula for determining the optimal gear ratio of the gearbox is presented, which ensures achievement of the maximum angle of rotation with a zero-acceleration error and the maximum permissible engine torque. A formula for calculating the required power of an electric motor is given. Tracking systems with acceleration error compensation are relevant in the field of robotics, where it is necessary to move along a complex trajectory of wheels or grips, as well as for guidance locators.
Initial Assessment of the Presence of Alpha-Emitting Nuclides: A Review of Aeroion Detection Methods and Devices Based Thereon
Authors:   Russian State Scientific Center for Robotics and Technical Cybernetics, Bunkova Yu. Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Volpyas O. V. ,   Russian State Scientific Center for Robotics and Technical Cybernetics,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: November 2024

The article presents a review of advanced and promising equipment for sorting and analyzing radioactive and conventional waste, which can be used to search for alpha-emitting radionuclides through the registration of aeroions. The relevance of detecting the presence of alpha-emitting radionuclides is related to the following fact. The category of radioactive waste is largely determined by the activity of alpha-radiation sources incorporated in the waste, which determines further measures for radioactive waste processing. The basic principles of aeroion detection are considered, and a review of modern equipment for radionuclide analysis of solid radioactive waste and conventional waste is carried out. The applicability of aeroion detection as a primary assessment of the presence of alpha-emitting radionuclides and the prospects of using this method to ensure reliable and accurate results in the analysis of radioactive waste are substantiated.
Methods for Calculation and Application of Software Code Metrics: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors:   Perm State University, Korznikov A. O. , Datsun N. N. ,   Perm State University
Published: November 2024

Systematic mapping study (SMS) is a methodology that provides a means to systematically analyze a research topic, in order to observe the overall research landscape and determine available studies, their amount, types, and results. A metric of a software product is expressed as a numeric value, defining a certain property of the program. Metrics are usually used to analyze sections of the source code of software applications. However, the value of a metric can be influenced by both design patterns, the style of writing the program by the developer, and code modification in order to artificially inflate the results of calculating metrics. All this makes metrics a non-trivial tool for evaluating software products, requiring their correct interpretation and application for practical tasks. In this paper, a systematic mapping of the literature was carried out in order to outline the current research landscape in this area, identify methods and means for practical use of code metrics for application analysis, including an overview of existing solutions. A corpus of relevant documents was formed and answers to the research questions were received. The distributions of publications by document type, geographical principle, and number of authors were constructed. The classification of research tasks using metrics and their sets was proposed. The dependencies between metrics, their sets, and programming languages were analyzed. The distributions of metrics and their sets for the problems to be solved were studied in accordance with the proposed classification.
Adaptive Control Systems for a Tricopter with Rotary Propellers Based on Invariant Immersion Method under Conditions of Uncertain Aerodynamic Coefficients and Partially Uncertain Input Matrix
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Nguyen Duy Khanh , Putov V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Sheludko V. N. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: November 2024

In this work, the authors set out to develop and investigate adaptive control systems for a tricopter with rotary propellers described in terms of Lagrangian–Euler equations under conditions of uncertain aerodynamic coefficients and a partially uncertain input matrix. Two adaptive control systems synthesized based on the invariant immersion method for a class of Lagrangian nonlinear systems are developed and investigated: 1) a sliding mode adaptive control system and 2) an adaptive control system using the function approximation method. The stability of both developed adaptive systems is justified by the Lyapunov function method. The former adaptive control system turns out to be realizable only for objects of second or third order (and/or with one input and one output), while the latter adaptive control system is realizable for a class of Lagrangian nonlinear systems of any order under conditions of uncertain parameters and a partially uncertain input matrix. The results of a simulation study of the latter adaptive control system for a tricopter with rotary propellers are presented to validate its effectiveness under the above conditions.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) in AI-Driven Recruitment Systems
Authors: Devaraju Sudheer
Published: November 2024

The focus of this study is the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) to help improve AI-based recruitment systems. The goal is to train and tune NLP models to help speed up the screening, ranking, and matching of job candidates using resumes and job descriptions. To improve recruitment chatbots, advanced models like BERT and GPT are adopted to promote dynamic candidate interaction as well as initial interviews. The study also involves constructing an NLP-driven interview simulation tool based on Hiring Manager input, create which aids ensure better candidate suitability by emulating real interactions. The research then extends the semantic search algorithm to refine the selection of candidates from large HR databases. The study seeks to address the recruitment efficiency, candidate fit and engagement challenges by integrating these methods into a more effective and streamlined hiring process.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Burn Injuries amongst Children in a Tertiary Care Center of North India
Authors: Bansal Anshuman , Bhaskar Vikram
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of pediatric burn patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study that reviewed the records of all burn victims aged 0 to 12 who were admitted in a tertiary care hospital in North India over one year. Collected data included patient demographics such as age, gender, burn causal agents, discharge time, Total body surface area (TBSA) burnt by using Lund and Brauder’s Rule, the duration of stay, the season and month of admission that burn occurred, and burn characteristics, such as region of body involved, percentage of area burnt, complications and outcome. Results: 129 paediatric burn patients under 12 were included with median age of 4 years. Scald caused the majority of burns (81.4%), followed by dry burns (14.7%) and electric injuries (3.9%). The Median burn percentage was 20 and most burn patients were encountered during the winter season. The face and neck (56.6%) were involved in majority of cases, with a 4.6% overall mortality rate. Conclusion: This retrospective study provides valuable insights into the clinical profile of burn patients admitted to a tertiary care center in North India. The study's findings can help guide the development of targeted interventions and resource allocation to improve burn care in this region, ultimately reducing morbidity and mortality among burn patients.
The Role of Machine Learning in Improving Robotic Perception and Decision Making
Authors: Chen Shih-Chih , Pamungkas Ria Sari , Schmidt Daniel
Published: November 2024

Machine learning, specifically through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), significantly enhances robotic perception and decision-making capabilities. This research explores the integration of CNNs to improve object recognition accuracy and employs sensor fusion for interpreting complex environments by synthesizing multiple sensory inputs. Furthermore, RL is utilized to refine robots real-time decision-making processes, which reduces task completion times and increases decision accuracy. Despite the potential, these advanced methods require extensive datasets and considerable computational resources for effective real-time applications. The study aims to optimize these machine learning models for better efficiency and address the ethical considerations involved in autonomous systems. Results indicate that machine learning can substantially advance robotic functionality across various sectors, including autonomous vehicles and industrial automation, supporting sustainable industrial growth. This aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), by promoting technological innovation and enhancing industrial safety. The conclusion suggests that future research should focus on improving the scalability and ethical application of these technologies in robotics, ensuring broad, sustainable impact.
Indonesia's Energy Diplomacy to Promote Nuclear Energy as an Alternative to Energy Security
Authors: Aprianto Dimas , Laksmono Rudy , Murtiana Sri
Published: November 2024

Indonesia faces significant challenges in meeting its growing energy demand while seeking clean, sustainable, and safe energy sources. Nuclear energy is emerging as a potential alternative, supported by the country's substantial uranium reserves. However, nuclear energy development in Indonesia faces various obstacles, including public concerns regarding safety, nuclear non-proliferation issues, and high construction costs. This research aims to analyze the role of Indonesia's energy diplomacy in promoting nuclear energy to the public and internal stakeholders as a solution to improve national energy security. Qualitative research methods were used to evaluate Indonesia's internal diplomatic and promotional efforts, including document analysis and content analysis. The study examined Indonesia's bilateral and multilateral cooperation strategies, as well as its participation in international forums such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), while focusing on domestic education and socialization efforts. A key focus was identifying challenges, opportunities, and best practices in nuclear energy diplomacy and internal promotional campaigns. The research findings highlighted the importance of comprehensive public education, strengthening international cooperation, and implementing strict safety standards in nuclear energy development. Strategic measures identified include strengthening diplomatic capacity, improving transparency and communication with domestic stakeholders, and developing national nuclear technology and regulation capacity. The research concludes that by addressing these challenges through effective energy diplomacy and structured internal promotion, Indonesia can improve its public acceptance and nuclear energy development prospects. This has the potential to ensure the safe, responsible, and sustainable utilization of nuclear energy to meet the country's long-term energy needs and contribute to global efforts in climate change mitigation