bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Conventional Hip MRI in Detecting Labral Tear and
Labrocartilagenous Lesions in cases of Femoroacetabular Impingement, A
Comparative Study with Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Ibrahim Heba , Raffat Muhammad Ali , Nau Thomas
Published: March 2023

Background:

Imaging studies play a crucial role in diagnosing femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), including plain radiography and Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI). FAI is a combined pathology of bony abnormality, labral and labrocartilagenous erosions. Surgical treatment for such cases has
become more established and preoperative imaging is the roadmap that includes the assessment of labrum and articular cartilage.

Methods:

During a period of 2 years, thirty-seven patients with a clinical diagnosis of FAI were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 17 men and
20 women, aged 27-62 years. There were 22 right hips and 15 left hips. MRI was done for all patients to identify bony details, labral and chondral
abnormalities and to exclude coexisting disorders. The imaging findings were compared with the arthroscopic data.

Results:

15 patients had Pincer FAI, 11 patients had CAM, and 11 patients had combined Cam/Pincer FAI. Labral tear was detected in 100% of patients,
97% had an anterosuperior labral tear. 82% of patients had partial thickness cartilage lesions and 8% had full thickness cartilage lesions. MRI had a
sensitivity of 100% compared to hip arthroscopy in detecting labral tear, 60% in detecting cartilage erosion.

Conclusion:

Conventional hip MRI detects bony changes in FAI, type of impingement and associated labral tear and cartilage erosions in comparison to the hip
arthroscopy.
Computer-aided Diagnosis of Various Diseases Using Ultrasonography Images
Authors: Mohit Kumar , Gupta Rajeev , Kumar Basant
Published: March 2023

This paper is an exhaustive survey of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system-based automatic detection of several diseases from ultrasound
images. CAD plays a vital role in the automatic and early detection of diseases. Health monitoring, medical database management, and picture
archiving systems became very feasible with CAD, assisting radiologists in making decisions over any imaging modality. Imaging modalities
mainly rely on machine learning and deep learning algorithms for early and accurate disease detection. CAD approaches are described in this paper
in terms of it's their significant tools; digital image processing (DIP), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL). Ultrasonography (USG)
already has many advantages over other imaging modalities; therefore, CAD analysis of USG assists radiologists in studying it more clearly,
leading to USG application over various body parts. This paper includes a review of those major diseases whose detection supports “ML
algorithm” based diagnosis from USG images. ML algorithm follows feature extraction, selection, and classification in the required class. The
literature survey of these diseases is grouped into the carotid region, transabdominal & pelvic region, musculoskeletal region, and thyroid region.
These regions also differ in the types of transducers employed for scanning. Based on the literature survey, we have concluded that texture-based
extracted features passed to support vector machine (SVM) classifier results in good classification accuracy. However, the emerging deep learningbased
disease classification trend signifies more preciseness and automation for feature extraction and classification. Still, classification accuracy
depends on the number of images used for training the model. This motivated us to highlight some of the significant shortcomings of automated
disease diagnosis techniques. Research challenges in CAD-based automatic diagnosis system design and limitations in imaging through USG
modality are mentioned as separate topics in this paper, indicating future scope and improvement in this field. The success rate of machine learning
approaches in USG-based automatic disease detection motivated this review paper to describe different parameters behind machine learning and
deep learning algorithms towards improving USG diagnostic performance.
A Rare Cause of Obstructive Jaundice and Pancreatitis; Lemmel's Syndrome
Authors: Aslan Serdar , Önder Ramazan Orkun
Published: March 2023

Introduction::

Lemmel’s syndrome is defined as obstructive jaundice due to a PDD in the absence of choledocholithiasis or a neoplasm. The most common cause
is the presence of PDD which arise within 2-3 cm from the ampulla of Vater. Currently, there are very few case reports of this condition, which
was first named in 1934 after Dr. Gerhard Lemmel.

Case Presentation:

A 74-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain and jaundice, and also had signs of
pancreatitis, with laboratory results showing elevated liver and pancreatic enzymes and hyperbilirubinemia. We present a case of a patient who was
diagnosed with Lemmel’s syndrome after abdominal CT, MRCP, and ERCP.

Conclusion:

Although rare, it is imperative for physicians to recognize this syndrome in order to deliver prompt care. Because making the correct diagnosis in
these patients is very important for correct treatment and preventing the development of complications.
Standardization of Breast Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI Signal with
Application to the Assessment of Background Parenchymal Enhancement Rate
Authors: Medved Milica , Tsuchiya Keiko , Fan Xiaobing , Karczmar Gregory S. , Abe Hiroyuki
Published: March 2023

Background:

There is currently no clinically accepted method for quantifying background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), though a sensitive method might
allow individualized risk management based on the response to cancer-preventative hormonal therapy.

Objective:

The objective of this pilot study is to demonstrate the utility of linear modeling of standardized dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCEMRI) signal
for quantifying changes in BPE rates.

Methods:

On a retrospective database search, 14 women with DCEMRI examinations pre- and post-treatment with tamoxifen were identified. DCEMRI
signal was averaged over the parenchymal ROIs to obtain time-dependent signal curves S(t). The gradient echo signal equation was used to
standardize scale S(t) to values of FA = 10° and TR = 5.5 ms, and obtain the standardized DCE-MRI signaSP(t)l. Relative signal enhancement RSEp
was calculated from Sp, and the reference tissue method for T1 calculation was used to standardize RSEp to gadodiamide as the contrast agent,
obtaining RSE. RSE in the first 6 minutes post-contrast administration was fit to a linear model with the slope αRSE denoting the standardized rate
relative BPE.

Results:

Changes in αRSE were not found to be significantly correlated with the average duration of tamoxifen treatment, age at the initiation of preventative
treatment, or pre-treatment BIRADS breast density category. The average change in αRSE showed a large effect size of -1.12, significantly higher
than -0.86 observed without signal standardization (p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Linear modeling of BPE in standardized DCEMRI can provide quantitative measurements of BPE rates, improving sensitivity to changes due to
tamoxifen treatment.
Non-Alkaloidal Compounds from Tubers of Gloriosa superba and their In
vitro and In silico Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Kiros Tsegu , Eswaramoorthy Rajalakshmanan , Mohammed Seid , Dekebo Aman , Melaku Yadessa
Published: March 2023

Background:

The tubers of Gloriosa superba L. (Colchicaceae) are previously well known for their alkaloidal constituents. The present work aimed to investigate the non-alkaloidal constituents and evaluate their in vitro and in silico antibacterial and antioxidant activities from the tuber.

Methods:

The chloroform: methanol (1:1) tuber extract was fractionated over silica gel column chromatography, and isolated compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Various extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities against certain pathogenic strains and oxidants. The in silico drug-likeness properties of isolated compounds were also studied against 6F86 antibacterial and 1HD2 antioxidant protein models.

Results:

Three non-alkaloidal compounds, β-sitosterol (1), 3-(cyclopenta-2,4-dienyloxy) β-
sitosterol (2) and 1,2-n-dipropyl phthalate (3), were reported herein. The n-hexane and chloroform
extracts displayed better antibacterial activity against E. coli (9.83 ± 0.28 mm) and P. aeruginosa
(10.65 ± 0.79 mm), and S. aureus (10.33 ± 0.3 mm), respectively, at 100,000 μg/mL concentration.
Compound 3 established a better activity against all bacterial strains (9.78 ± 0.63-11.07 ± 0.09 mm)
at 1000 μg/mL (IC50 values of 1.5-3.2 μg/mL). All the extracts exhibited a DPPH free radical scavenging
activity comparable to ascorbic acid (IC50 value of 1.2 μg/mL), whereas isolated compounds
were found with negligible DPPH scavenging activity and weak ferric ion reduction power up to
500 μg/mL dose. The docking study revealed that all the compounds fulfilled Lipinski’s rule of five
by contravening no more than one rule with strong binding affinity shown by compound 1 (-8.2
kcal/mol) and compound 3 (-4.5 kcal/mol) to the 6F86 bacterial and 1HD2 antioxidant protein
models, respectively, which are comparable to the ciprofloxacin (-7.2 kcal/mol) and ascorbic acid (-
4.5 kcal/mol) drugs. All the compounds also did not show any cytotoxicity properties. Whereas
compound 1 showed an immunotoxicity and mutagenicity properties; and compounds 2 and 3 were
found as immunotoxic and carcinogenic isolates, respectively.

Conclusion:

The promising antioxidant activity result of the various tubers extracts may highlight the potential use of Gloriosa superba as a source of foods by conducting further phytochemical investigation and additional bioassay evaluation, including the cytotoxicity effect of the whole part of the plant.
Investigating the Protective Effect of Leaves of Calotropis procera (Aiton)
for In-vivo Anti-oxidant and Antiulcer Activity using Pylorus Ligation
Method
Authors: Singh Sonia , Semwal Bhupesh Chander , Shukla Alok
Published: March 2023

Background:

Calotropis procera (Aiton) (Apocynaceae) is a traditional Indian medicinal
plant and used in folk medicine for the past decade for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
Therefore the current investigation was undertaken to explore the gastroprotective effect of
C. procera (Aiton) leaves extract using pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

Methods:

The crude powder material was successively extracted with different solvents and concentrated
at reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator. The current investigation was carried out by a
pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Omeprazole, 20 mg/kg and 100, 250, and 500
mg/kg ethanol extract of C. procera (Aiton) leaves were administered orally for 15 consecutive
days, on the last day six hours after pylorus ligation animals were sacrificed and the amount of
gastric juice, pH, total and free acidity, ulcer index, and pro-inflammatory cytokines along with
antioxidant parameters and total protein were also studied.

Results:

Pretreatment of C. procera (Aiton) leaf extract at the doses 250 and 500 mg/kg, significantly
(p < 0.001) decrease the volume of gastric juice, free and total acidity as well as gastric
lesions, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine. On the other hand, the pH of gastric juice,
mucin content, and total protein was also significantly decreased. Moreover, pretreatment of C.
procera (Aiton) significantly (p < 0.001) boost the enzymatic activity and level of different antioxidant
markers and attenuated the pylorus ligation-induced level of MDA (p < 0.05) in experimental
animals.

Conclusion:

From this study, it is concluded that the ethanol leaf extract of C. procera (Aiton)
extract possess considerable antiulcer and antioxidant potential. For further research findings, it is
necessary to explore the mechanism of action for anti-ulcer activity.
Computer Simulation for Effective Pharmaceutical Kinetics and Dynamics:
A Review
Authors: Tiwari Gaurav , Shukla Anuja , Singh Anju , Tiwari Ruchi
Published: March 2023

Computer-based modelling and simulation are developing as effective tools for supplementing
biological data processing and interpretation. It helps to accelerate the creation of dosage
forms at a lower cost and with the less human effort required to conduct the work. This paper
aims to provide a comprehensive description of the different computer simulation models for various
drugs along with their outcomes. The data used are taken from different sources, including review
papers from Science Direct, Elsevier, NCBI, and Web of Science from 1995-2020. Keywords
like - pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, computer simulation, whole-cell model, and cell simulation,
were used for the search process. The use of computer simulation helps speed up the creation of
new dosage forms at a lower cost and less human effort required to complete the work. It is also
widely used as a technique for researching the structure and dynamics of lipids and proteins found in
membranes. It also facilitates both the diagnosis and prevention of illness. Conventional data analysis
methods cannot assess and comprehend the huge amount, size, and complexity of data collected by
in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments. As a result, numerous in silico computational e-resources,
databases, and simulation software are employed to determine pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic
(PD) parameters for illness management. These techniques aid in the provision of multiscale
representations of biological processes, beginning with proteins and genes and progressing
through cells, isolated tissues and organs, and the whole organism.
The Metabolism of Portulacatone B from Portulaca oleracea L. in Rats by
UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS
Authors: Cui Xinyu , Lan Xiujuan , Leng Aijing , Ying Xixiang
Published: March 2023

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the main metabolites and metabolic pathways
of Portulacatone B in rats, which is an alkaloid isolated from Portulaca oleracea L.

Methods:

Portulacatone B was administered through the tail vein of the rat, and the orbital blood
at 10 and 30 min and urine and feces within 24 h were collected. The metabolites and metabolic
pathways in the rat were researched by ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyelectrospray
coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/
MS).

Results:

The research results of the metabolites and metabolic pathways of Portulacatone B
showed that after administration through the tail vein of rats, 3 metabolites were found in the
plasma sample, 2 metabolites in the urine sample, and one metabolite in the feces sample. The
main metabolic pathways were found to be oxidation, hydrolysis, methylation, glucuronidation,
and sulfonation.

Conclusion:

Six metabolites were found in the rat’s plasma, urine, and feces samples, and the
metabolic pathways included oxidation, hydrolysis, methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfonation
process.
Knowledge, Perception, and Practices on the Labelling of Dispensed
Medicine among Community Pharmacists and General Practitioners in the
State of Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Bin Said Luqman Nulhakim , Chyi Loo Shing , Anak Talin Benodict Apok , Foo Khiong Augustine Law , Mohamad Rosli Izzah Alia Binti , Pei Sze Jessica Low , Abdul Razak Ridhwan bin
Published: March 2023

Background:

The labelling of dispensed medicines (LDM) ensures that optimum therapeutic
treatment levels are achieved, and medication errors are prevented. In Malaysia, LDM is
enforced under the Poisons Act 1952.

Objective:

To explore the knowledge, perception, and practices of community pharmacists (CP)
and general practitioners (GP) on LDM.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 until March 2020 among CP and
GP practising in Sarawak, Malaysia. Sample sizes were 90 and 150 for CP and GP, respectively.
Proportionate stratified random sampling was employed. A self-administered structured questionnaire
pre-tested and pilot-tested was used to explore knowledge and perception. Practices were assessed
by having participants prepare dispensed medicine labels (DML) using simulated prescriptions.

Results:

250 participants; 96 CP and 154 GP participated. While most of them perceived that they
knew the requirements of LDM (n = 244; 97.6%), their median knowledge score was poor
(57.1%). The mean knowledge score of CP (62.0%) was significantly higher (P = 0.002) than GP
(51.0%). The majority of participants perceived that LDM is important (n = 237; 94.8%) and necessary
(n = 239; 95.6%) and perceived that poor compliance with the requirements would lead to
medication errors (n = 243; 97.2%). Although their knowledge was poor, their median practice
score (100.0%) was excellent. There was no correlation between knowledge and perception with
the practice of LDM.

Conclusion:

The majority of CP and GP perceived that LDM is important. Interestingly, although
their knowledge of the requirements of LDM was poor, their practices were sound.
Detection of Stage-wise Biomarkers in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using Multiplex
Analysis
Authors: K Athira , P V Sunil Kumar , M Manju , G Gopakumar
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Lung cancer is the leading cancer in terms of morbidity and mortality rate. Its
prevalence has been steadily increasing over the world in recent years. An integrated study is unavoidable
to analyse the cascading interrelationships between molecular cell components at multiple levels resulting
in hidden biological events in cancer.

Methods:

Multiplex network modeling is a unique methodology that could be used as an integrative
method for dealing with diverse interactions. Here, we have employed a multiplex framework to model
the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) network by incorporating co-expression correlations, methylation relations,
and protein physical binding interactions as network layers. Hub nodes identified from the multiplex
network utilizing centrality measures, including degree, eigenvector, and random walk with a
random jump technique, are considered as biomarker genes. These stage-wise biomarker genes identified
for LUAD are investigated using GO enrichment analysis, pathway analysis, and literature evidence
to determine their significance in tumor progression.

Results:

The study has identified a set of stage-specific biomarkers in LUAD. The 31 genes identified
from the results of multiple centrality analysis can be targeted as novel diagnostic biomarkers in LUAD.
Multiple signaling pathways identified here may be considered as potential targets of interest.

Conclusion:

Based on the analysis results, patients may be identified by their stage of cancer progression,
which can aid in treatment decision-making.
Effects of Arctigenin in Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Nasopharyngeal
Carcinoma 5-8F Cells
Authors: Huang Dongdong , Lu Rui , Cai Mingjing , Meng Jie , He Shuangba , Zhang Qingxiang , Meng Wei
Published: March 2023

Background:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor of the nasopharynx.

Objective:

Here, we aimed to understand better the molecular basis for arctigenin (ARG)’s ability to promote NPC 5-8F cell invasion.

Methods:

We tested the effects of several doses of ARG on 5-8F cells that had been cultured in vitro. We estimated the
metabolic activity of cells by The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium
assay. We examined the influence on cell invasion, and migration using Transwell Evaluation. Real-time polymerase
chain reaction analysis was used to determine the relative amounts of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Janus
kinase 2 (JAK2) , and transcriptional activator 3 (STAT 3) mRNA expression. Using western blotting, we looked at the
level of phosphorylation of specific proteins like EGFR, phosphorylated EGFR, JAK2, and STAT 3.

Results:

Our findings revealed that ARG inhibited NPC 5-8F cell development in a dose-and time-dependent manner.
The invasiveness and mobility of 5-8F cells were significantly suppressed when ARG was overexpressed in a tumor
development model. Expression levels of EGFR, JAK2, and STAT 3 mRNA were considerably low in the experimental
group. As a consequence of being treated with ARG, lower levels of EGFR, p-EGFR, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3
expression were observed.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that ARG may prevent NPC 5-8F cells from proliferating, migrating, and invading
other tissues. There are a few potential molecular pathways, two of which are the inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation
and the reduction of levels of phospho-JAK2 and phospho-STAT3.
Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson: A Potential Source for Bioactive Constituents
Authors: Nossier Fatma H.M. , Ashour Rehab M.S. , Abdel-Monem Azza R. , Elsayed Ali M.A.
Published: March 2023

Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson (African mangosteen) is a member of family Clusiaceae and is native to South Africa. It is distributed from Malaysia to the Philippines, Burma and India. The plant is used traditionally in the treatment of diarrhea. It contains various chemical constituents belonging to biflavonoids, benzophenones and xanthones. Garcinia livingstonei is reported to possess beneficial pharmacological activities as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and cytotoxicity. This review aims at summarizing the available literature on the botanical features, phytochemical, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological activities of Garcinia livingstonei.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus Combination in Pregnant Mice Infected with Escherichia coli
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Asfi Nida , Christina Yuyun Ika , Dwijayanti Dinia Rizqi , Rifa’i Muhaimin , Djati Muhammad Sasmito
Published: March 2023

The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus as anti-inflammatory agents in pregnant mice infected with Escherichia coli. This study used seven treatments group (n=3): K- (healthy pregnant mice), K+ (pregnant mice infected with E. coli), P1 (pregnant mice infected with E. coli + E. scaber 100%), P2 (pregnant mice infected with E. coli + E. scaber 75% and S. androgynus 25%), P3 (pregnant mice infected with E. coli + E. scaber 50% and S. androgynus 50%), P4 (pregnant mice infected with E. coli + E. scaber 25% and S. androgynus 75%), P5 (pregnant mice infected with E. coli + S. androgynus 100%). Flow cytometry analysis was used to analyze cell populations expressing CD4+TNFα+, CD4+IFNγ+ and regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+CD62L+). All treatment groups significantly (p<0.05) decreased TNFα and IFNγ levels, while the P2 group was more effective in increasing regulatory T cells at the 1st and 2nd trimesters of the pregnancy. This study showed that E. scaber and S. androgynus combination alleviated inflammation by reducing inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IFNγ) and increasing T-regulatory cells. Therefore, E. scaber and S. androgynus combination could suppress the inflammation during pregnancy and infection.
Una especie nueva de Diplocentrus Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Diplocentridae) del estado de Sonora, México
Authors: Villa-Corella Héctor Hugo , Silva-Kurumiya Hugo , Barrales-Alcalá Diego , Van Devender Thomas R. , Francke Oscar Federico
Published: March 2023

Se describe una nueva especie de alacrán, Diplocentrus leptomanus sp. nov., proveniente de la región noreste del estado de Sonora, México. Con este aporte, se eleva a cinco el número de especies del género Diplocentrus presentes en el estado y a dos el número de especies endémicas en el área. Se provee una diagnosis comparativa con Diplocentrus williamsi Sissom & Wheeler, 1995, Diplocentrus peloncillensis Francke, 1975 y Diplocentrus spitzeri Stahnke, 1970, especies con las que guarda cercanía morfológica y geográfica.
Rethinking the Difficult Patient: Formative Qualitative Study Using Participatory Theater to Improve Physician-Patient Communication in Rheumatology
Authors: Leung Jerik , Som Avira , McMorrow Lily , Zickuhr Lisa , Wolbers John , Bain Karen , Flood Julia , Baker Elizabeth A
Published: March 2023

Background

Effective physician-patient communication is crucial for positive health outcomes for patients with chronic diseases. However, current methods of physician education in communication are often insufficient to help physicians understand how patients’ actions are influenced by the contexts within which they live. An arts-based participatory theater approach can provide the necessary health equity framing to address this deficiency.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop, pilot, and conduct a formative evaluation of an interactive arts-based communication skills intervention for graduate-level medical trainees grounded in a narrative representative of the experience of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods

We hypothesized that the delivery of interactive communication modules through a participatory theater approach would lead to changes in both attitudes and the capacity to act on those attitudes among participants in 4 conceptual categories related to patient communication (understanding social determinants of health, expressing empathy, shared decision-making, and concordance). We developed a participatory, arts-based intervention to pilot this conceptual framework with the intended audience (rheumatology trainees). The intervention was delivered through routine educational conferences at a single institution. We conducted a formative evaluation by collecting qualitative focus group feedback to evaluate the implementation of the modules.

Results

Our formative data suggest that the participatory theater approach and the design of the modules added value to the participants’ learning experience by facilitating interconnection of the 4 communication concepts (eg, participants were able to gain insight into both what physicians and patients were thinking about on the same topic). Participants also provided several suggestions for improving the intervention such as ensuring that the didactic material had more active engagement and considering additional ways to acknowledge real-world constraints (eg, limited time with patients) in implementing communication strategies.

Conclusions

Our findings from this formative evaluation of communication modules suggest that participatory theater is an effective method for framing physician education with a health equity lens, although considerations in the realms of functional demands of health care providers and use of structural competency as a framing concept are needed. The integration of social and structural contexts into the delivery of this communication skills intervention may be important for the uptake of these skills by intervention participants. Participatory theater provided an opportunity for dynamic interactivity among participants and facilitated greater engagement with the communication module content.
Creating an Innovative Artificial Intelligence–Based Technology (TCRact) for Designing and Optimizing T Cell Receptors for Use in Cancer Immunotherapies: Protocol for an Observational Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bujak Joanna , Kłęk Stanisław , Balawejder Martyna , Kociniak Aleksandra , Wilkus Kinga , Szatanek Rafał , Orzeszko Zofia , Welanyk Joanna , Torbicz Grzegorz , Jęckowski Mateusz , Kucharczyk Tomasz , Wohadlo Łukasz , Borys Maciej , Stadnik Honorata , Wysocki Michał , Kayser Magdalena , Słomka Marta Ewa , Kosmowska Anna , Horbacka Karolina , Gach Tomasz , Markowska Beata , Kowalczyk Tomasz , Karoń Jacek , Karczewski Marek , Szura Mirosław , Sanecka-Duin Anna , Blum Agnieszka
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Cancer continues to be the leading cause of mortality in high-income countries, necessitating the development of more precise and effective treatment modalities. Immunotherapy, specifically adoptive cell transfer of T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells (TCR-T therapy), has shown promise in engaging the immune system for cancer treatment. One of the biggest challenges in the development of TCR-T therapies is the proper prediction of the pairing between TCRs and peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLAs). Modern computational immunology, using artificial intelligence (AI)-based platforms, provides the means to optimize the speed and accuracy of TCR screening and discovery.

OBJECTIVE

This study proposes an observational clinical trial protocol to collect patient samples and generate a database of pHLA:TCR sequences to aid the development of an AI-based platform for efficient selection of specific TCRs.

METHODS

The multicenter observational study, involving 8 participating hospitals, aims to enroll patients diagnosed with stage II, III, or IV colorectal cancer adenocarcinoma.

RESULTS

Patient recruitment has recently been completed, with 100 participants enrolled. Primary tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples have been obtained, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been isolated and cryopreserved. Nucleic acid extraction (DNA and RNA) has been performed in 86 cases. Additionally, 57 samples underwent whole exome sequencing to determine the presence of somatic mutations and RNA sequencing for gene expression profiling.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study may have a significant impact on the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. The comprehensive database of pHLA:TCR sequences generated through this observational clinical trial will facilitate the development of the AI-based platform for TCR selection. The results obtained thus far demonstrate successful patient recruitment and sample collection, laying the foundation for further analysis and the development of an innovative tool to expedite and enhance TCR selection for precision cancer treatments.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04994093; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04994093

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/45872
River Area Restriction Method Based on Geoprocessing and Voronoi Polygons
Authors: Chiarani Eduardo , Peixoto Elizabete , Toigo Maricler
Published: March 2023

The routing of power distribution and transmission lines is an important step to bring energy and modernize the lives of the population. The process involves complex multiple criteria decision-making. The area of interest must be carefully modeled in weighted and restricted areas based on geospatial data. This paper brings a methodology based on geoprocessing and Voronoi polygons to obtain one of the most important restricted areas in energy distribution lines, the rivers. Rivers are areas that should be avoided when their width exceeds the maximum distance between poles. The methodology consists in generate Voronoi edges from which the medial axis and the width of each point of the river are obtained. Then, a buffer is placed in each vertex of the river higher than a threshold. The result to the case study brings a restricted area of rivers of the State of Parana to help decision-makers in routing distribution energy lines with more assertiveness.
Tensile Behaviour of Starch Based Naturally Woven Coconut Leaf Sheath Reinforced Biodegradable Composite
Authors: Kulkarni Pratik , Kulkarni Swanand
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Hazardous effects of plastic on human health and environment have accelerated the rate of research in the field of natural fiber composites. Coconut sheath is having potential to be used as a reinforcement to produce biodegradable composite. In this paper naturally woven coconut leaf sheath reinforced corn starch based, potato starch based composites and Low density polyethylene (LDPE) based composites were prepared. Polyvinyl Alcohol was used as blending polymer. Composites with increasing coconut sheath reinforcement layers have been prepared. Further the prepared composites were subjected to tensile testing, Potato starch based coconut sheath reinforced composites were found to exhibit better tensile strength.
The Incredible World of Tablet
Authors: Shejawal Kanchan N. , Chate Anuja V. , Sonar Yamini A. , Suryawanshi Prof. Akanksha A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Pharmaceutical oral drug delivery is the most commonly used route of administration compared to other route of administration. Solid dosage forms are administered orally like tablets, capsules, pills, powders, etc. Tablet is the most widely used safest oral route of administration. Tablets are solid dosage form can be made directly from powders or from granules or from film coated multiple units. Tablets are also containing drug substances with or without diluents and prepared by compression or moulding methods. Tablets can be classified as compressed tablets and moulded tablets.
Health and Safety Concerns in Excavation and the Measures to Mitigate Risk
Authors: Vamsi Vadlamudi Naga
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Excavation is a common activity in various construction and civil engineering projects. Despite its widespread usage, excavation work is one of the most hazardous operations in the construction industry. Excavation is an important aspect of construction, mining, and other activities that involve the removal of earth, rock, or other materials from the ground. However, excavation activities pose significant risks to the health and safety of workers involved in the process. Excavation-related accidents can result in injuries or fatalities, and they can also cause damage to property and the environment. This research paper discusses health and safety concerns in excavation and the measures to mitigate risks. The paper analyzes the hazards associated with excavation, such as collapses, falls, and engulfment, and provides strategies to prevent accidents, including safety training, proper equipment, and the use of engineering controls. It poses a significant risk to the workers and the public, including the risk of collapse, cave-ins, and electrical and chemical hazards. This research paper aims to identify the health and safety concerns associated with excavation work and the measures that can be taken to mitigate the risk.
Comparative Analysis of Conceptual and Semi-distributed Hydrological Models in Humid Mediterranean Environments
Authors: Abbenante Sergio Eduardo , Althoff Ingrid , Valdes-Abellan Javier
Published: March 2023

We inter-compare four hydrological models in terms of their surface
water response simulations and their ability to capture the particular
features of humid Mediterranean climates. We selected the Maule River
basin (central Chile), in particular the Longaví basin as the paradigm
of humid Mediterranean climate to run the study. The area is under
intensive irrigated agricultural exploitation, which jeopardizes
groundwater recharge and may be further pressurized by precipitation
changes due to global warming. The Longaví in the south of the Maule,
was studied using four simulation tools: HBV-light, GR4J, HEC-HMS and
WEAP, hence including conceptual as well as a semi-distributed
approaches. For model performance assessment, the Longaví was
sub-divided into three zones with comparable characteristics in terms of
climate, physical soil properties and altitude classes. Daily
hydro-meteorological forcing time series were provided by official
institutions of Chile for the 1979 to 2015 period. The individual model
efficiency was evaluated through usual deterministic performance
indicators. The models exhibit different strengths in terms of
hydrologic response simulations. The results obtained with GR4J, HEC-HMS
and WEAP perform better during southern hemisphere Winter between June
and October, while HBV-light produces stronger results during the
November to May Summer season. The more heavily parameterized WEAP model
tends to better represent the stream flow variability observed during
the rainy season with respect to the dry season. The actual irrigation
water demand for the selected study region is matter of further research
and will be acknowledged in a sequel paper.
Relationships among integration of Primitive reflexes, Motor competence and Crawling in children
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Andrea , Sánchez-Matas Yolanda , Gutiérrez David , Exposito Laura
Published: March 2023

The inhibition or integration of primary reflexes is fundamental in the
child’s development. If this does not occur in an adequate manner,
reflexes may remain active and children may develop poor motor
competence. Therefore, the aims of the study were to analyze the
relationships among the persistence of reflexes, motor competence and
crawling pattern in children and to assess gender differences. The
Primitive Reflex Assessment protocol, the Movement Assessment Battery
for Children and an ad-hoc questionnaire for parents were used. The
sample consisted of 233 children from childhood education, and two
extreme groups were made (low motor competence and typical development
or high motor competence). The results indicated that participants with
lower reflex inhibition showed lower motor competence, most of them had
not crawled, and boys showed a higher presence of non-inhibited
reflexes. It can be concluded that both early detection and motor
interventions that favour reflex inhibition are necessary.
Simulation of the Seasonal Variation of Mesospheric Zonal Wind Reversal with Anisotropic Gravity Waves
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Han-Li , Tian Wenshou
Published: March 2023

The observed seasonal variation of zonal wind reversal in the mesosphere
and lower thermosphere (MLT) is often not well captured in whole
atmosphere general circulation models (GCMs) with current gravity wave
parameterization schemes. In this study, we investigate the possible
physical mechanisms controlling this seasonal variation. It is found
that adaptation of an anisotropic parameterized gravity wave source
spectrum with stronger eastward and weaker westward propagating waves
can reproduce this seasonal feature. Furthermore, additional
stratospheric forcing is needed to control the large winter
stratospheric zonal wind and alleviate the “cold-pole” problem in the
southern winter. This is accomplished by the application of an inertial
gravity wave parameterization scheme. With these changes, the Whole
Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere
extension (WACCM-X) can produce zonal mean zonal wind that is in better
agreement with climatology from the stratosphere to MLT, including the
seasonal variation of the zonal wind reversal.
Quantifying supraglacial debris-related melt-altering effects on the Djankuat Glacier, Russian Federation, Part 1: comparison of surface energy and mass fluxes over clean and debris-covered ice
Authors: Verhaegen Yoni , Rybak Oleg , Popovnin Victor , Huybrechts Philippe
Published: March 2023

This work presents a comparison of the meteorology and the surface
energy and mass fluxes of the clean ice and debris-covered ice surfaces
of the Djankuat Glacier, a partly debris-covered valley glacier situated
in the Caucasus. A 2D spatially distributed and physically-based energy
and mass balance model at high spatial and temporal resolution is used,
driven by meteorological data from two automatic weather stations and
ERA5-Land reanalysis data. Our model is the first that attempts to
assesses the spatial variability of meteorological variables, energy
fluxes, mass fluxes, and the melt-altering effects of supraglacial
debris over the entire surface of a (partly) debris-covered glacier
during one complete measurement year. The results show that the
meteorological variables and the surface energy and mass balance
components are significantly modified due to the supraglacial debris. As
such, changing surface characteristics and different surface
temperature/moisture and near-surface wind regimes persist over
debris-covered ice, consequently altering the pattern of the energy and
mass fluxes when compared to clean ice areas. The eventual effect of the
supraglacial debris on the energy and mass balance and the
surface-atmosphere interaction is found to highly depend upon the debris
thickness and area: for thin and patchy debris, sub-debris ice melt is
enhanced when compared to clean ice, whereas for thicker and continuous
debris, the melt is increasingly suppressed. Our results highlight the
importance of the effect of supraglacial debris on glacier-atmosphere
interactions and the corresponding implications for the changing melting
patterns and the climate change response of (partly) debris-covered
glaciers.
Is equilibrium climate sensitivity clouding our judgement?
Authors: Williams Jonny
Published: March 2023

Equilibrium climate sensitivity - ECS - is easily-understood, has been
studied for over 150 years and is therefore appealing as a metric for
communication of climate model results. In this work I argue that ECS is
not a good metric for comparing different climate models. Via brief
examples concerning the Pliocene epoch and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal
Maximum , I further argue that models which produce temperatures towards
the higher end of model intercomparisons are useful in spite of recent
studies concluding that these models are ‘too hot’. I hope that this
brief manuscript generates discussion on how to prioritise the
consideration of more useful, and potentially novel, ways of comparing
climate models going forward.
Meir-Keeler condensing operator to prove existence of solution for infinite systems of differential equations in the Banach space and numerical method to find the solution
Authors: Rabbani Mohsen , Das Anupam , Hazarika Bipan , Arab Reza
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we establish the existence of solution for infinite systems of
differential equations in the Banach sequence space n(?), ?p(1 ? p < ?)
and c by using Meier-Keeler condensing operators. With the help of examples
we illustrate our results in the sequence spaces. Also for validity of the
results, we find an approximation of solution by using a suitable method
with high accuracy.
Induction functors for Hom-Doi-Hopf module categories
Authors: Jia Ling , Xu Xiangyuan
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we mainly investigate a revised induction funtor to study
Hom-Doi-Hopf modules and the coinvariant modules for Hom-Hopf comodule
algebras.
Corrigendum to “Weyl type theorems for selfadjoint operators on Krein spaces” [Filomat 32:17 (2018), 6001-6016]
Authors: An Il , Heo Jaeseong
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this note is to point out a mistake in the definition of the
dimension of the J-kerenl in section 3 of this paper. Because of this
mistake, there are some errors in examples and remarks.
Rough set analysis of graphs
Authors: Qiao Sha , Zhu Ping , Pedrycz Witold
Published: March 2023

Relational data has become increasingly important in decision analysis in
recent years, and so mining knowledge which preserves relationships between
objects is an important topic. Graphs can represent the knowledge which
contains objects and relationships between objects. Rough set theory
provides an effective tool for extracting knowledge, but it is not
sufficient to extract the knowledge containing the data on relationships
between objects. In order to extend the application scope and enrich the
rough set theory, it is essential to develop a rough set analysis of graphs.
This extension is important because graphs play a crucial role in social
network analysis. In this paper, the rough set analysis of graphs based on
general binary relations is investigated. We introduce three types of
approximation operators of graphs: vertex graph approximation operators,
edge graph approximation operators, and graph approximation operators.
Relationships between approximation operators of graphs and approximation
operators of sets are presented. Then we investigate the approximation
operators of graphs within constructive and axiomatic approaches.
On the matrix version of extended Struve function and its application on fractional calculus
Authors: Bakhet Ahmed , He Fuli
Published: March 2023

The main goal of this article is to study the extend Struve and extended modified Struve matrix functions by making use of extended Beta matrix function. In particular, we investigate certain important properties of these extended matrix functions such as integral representation, differentiation formula and hypergeometric representation of these functions. Finally, we obtain some results on the transform and fractional calculus of these extended Struve and extended modified Struve matrix functions.
Trapezium-type inequalities for h-preinvex functions and their applications
Authors: Latif Muhammad , Kashuri Artion , Hussain Sabir , Delavar Rostamian
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the integral identity for differentiable functions with the
wide range of applications is investigated. As an effect of this result, the
paper provides some new Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for differentiable
functions that are in absolute value h-preinvex. Several special cases are
also discussed. At the end, some applications for special means are given as
well.
Positive periodic solutions of delay differential system at resonance
Authors: Bouteraa Noureddine
Published: March 2023

This paper is devoted to the existence of positive periodic solutions for system of a class of nonlinear delay differential equations with periodic conditions. Our analysis is based on Mawhin coincidence degree theorem. An example is also presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the main result.
Solvable three-dimensional system of higher-order nonlinear difference equations
Authors: Kara Merve , Yazlik Yasin
Published: March 2023

In this work, we indicate three-dimensional system of difference equations xn
= ayn?k + dyn?kxn?k?l/?bxn?k?l+?czn?l, yn = ?zn?k + ?zn?kyn?k?l/??yn?k?l
+ ??xn?l, zn = exn?k + hxn?kzn?k?l/?fzn?k?l +?g?yn?l , n ? N0, where k and
l are positive integers, the parameters a,?b, ?c, d, ?, ??, ??, ?, e, ?f ,?g,
h and the initial values x?j, y?j, z?j j = ?1,k+l, are non-zero real
numbers, can be solved in closed form. In addition, we obtain explicit
formulas for the well-defined solutions of the aforementioned system for the
case l = 1. Also, the set of undefinable solutions of the system is found.
Finally, an application about a three-dimensional system of difference
equations is given.
A note on some new inequalities of fusion frames in Hilbert C*-modules
Authors: Xiang Zhong-Qi , Xiao Xiang-Chun
Published: March 2023

In this note, we give a new one-sided inequality for fusion frames in Hilbert C*-modules, which corrects one corresponding result. We also present some
double inequalities for fusion frames in Hilbert C*-modules, which, compared
to previous ones on this topic, possess different structures.
Assessing the impacts of financial stress on the yield spreads of Poland, Mexico and South Africa
Authors: Ozcelebi Oguzhan
Published: March 2023

This study employs a nonlinear vector autoregression (VAR) model and
quantile-based analysis to examine the effects of the financial stress index
(FSI) of developed countries and the exchange market pressure index (EMPI)
on the USD-denominated yield spreads of Poland, Mexico, and South Africa. It
was found by the nonlinear VAR that increases/decreases in the FSI of
developed countries and in the EMPI raise/lower the yield spreads in each
emerging country. Although different results are obtained among each
emerging country, it was highlighted that foreign and domestic financial
stress can be incorporated in the monetary policy formulation of the central
banks of Poland, Mexico, and South Africa. Quantile analysis also revealed
the role of different bond market pressure regimes in emerging countries,
while the asymmetrical impacts of FSI and EMPI should be considered by the
policymakers.