bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unintended Injuries Evaluated in theEmergency Room of a Third Level PediatricHospital in Dominican Republic
Authors: Herrera Morban Demian Arturo , Colome Hidalgo Manuel Emilio , Méndez Núñez Rayneida , Alcántara Lembert Yessi Paulette , Torres Feliz Zoila Leonor
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
The term
unintended injury
is defined as that injury not
caused in a premeditated manner; being one of the most frequent
causes of death among children of all ages.
Material and Methods
:
A descriptive, cross-sectional analysis and retrospective data collection
study was conducted in the emergency database of a third level pediatric
hospital from the Dominican Republic, with the objective of Determine
the prevalence of unintended injuries.
Results
: The total prevalence of
unintended injuries was 12.1%. The most frequent sex was male with
61.6%, most frequent age range 1-14 years with 29.2%. According to the
diagnosis, trauma is in the first place with 94.1%, highlighting that this is
the main diagnosis in order of frequency in both sexes.
Conclusions:
The
total prevalence of unintended injuries was 12.1%. The most frequent sex
was male. In all unintended injuries identified, the most affected age range
was 1-4 years.
Reference Values of Sensory and Motor Nerve Conduction for Patients of a Fourth Level Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: García Alfonso Carolina , Molina Nancy , Millán Pérez Sonia Patricia
Published: June 2021

Objective: To establish normal values of motor and sensory nerve conductions and late responses for the electrodiagnostic laboratory of the hospital universitario San Ignacio.

Materials and Methods: Sensory and motor nerve conduction studies were performed on 77 healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years old, for a total of 154 analyzes, using a standardized technique for measurement.

Results: Motor nerve conduction. For the median nerve the latency ≤4.2ms, amplitude ≥3.1mV and conduction velocity ≥50.8m/s. In the ulnar nerve the latency ≤3.6ms, amplitude ≥4.6mV and conduction velocity ≥49m/s. Tibial nerve latency ≤4.4ms, amplitude ≥5mV and conduction velocity ≥41m/s. Peroneal nerve latency ≤4.8ms, amplitude ≥1.6mV and conduction velocity ≥42m/s. Sensory nerve conduction. For the median nerve the latency ≤2.8ms and conduction velocity ≥45m/s. In the ulnar nerve the latency ≤2.7ms and conduction velocity ≥46m/s. Sural nerve latency ≤2.2ms and conduction velocity ≥41m/s. A Shapiro Wilk test was performed, finding that the amplitude parameters for sensory nerve conductions did not follow a normal distribution, so percentile analysis was performed. Only sex showed a statistically significant difference for the parameters of tibial nerve amplitude (p = 0.0099) being greater in women, and latency of the peroneal nerve (p = 0.0091) being greater in men.

Conclusion: Normal parameters were established for motor and sensory nerve conductions and late responses for the electrodiagnostic laboratory of the hospital universitario San Ignacio, which mostly correlate with the current reference data, with certain differences that could be related with height and sex, however, additional studies are required to establish this difference.
Prevalencia de enfermedad carotídea posterior a accidente cerebrovascular en un hospital universitario de Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Rodríguez López Julieth Milena , Bayona Ortiz Hernán Francisco , Martinez Carlos Fernando
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de estenosis carotidea (≥ 50%) en una población con ictus isquémico entre los años 2014 a 2018 y comparar con datos previos disponibles.

Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo corte transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años con ictus isquémico agudo, quien en la evaluación etiológica se documenta una estenosis carotidea (≥ 50%), con descripción de sus principales factores de riesgo, estudios e intervenciones.

Resultados: De 413 pacientes con ictus, se encontraron 51 pacientes con estenosis >50% con prevalencia de 12,3%. La prevalencia previa de 1996-2002 fue de 16%. La edad media fue 78 años, hombres (51%). Dentro de los factores de riesgo hubo mayor proporción de hipertensión arterial (76,5%) y de dislipidemia (47%). En 15/51 se pudo revisar el acuerdo entre los métodos de imágenes diagnósticas, con un 54% de concordancia para el grado de estenosis. En 59% de los sujetos la clasificación etiológica del ACV fue debida a enfermedad de vaso grande, con pequeño porcentaje de cirugías (12%).

Conclusiones: Se encontró una prevalencia de estenosis carotidea similar a otros estudios, con una reducción en los factores de riesgo como el cigarrillo y menos marcadores de aterosclerosis y menos enfermedad coronaria.
Espasticidad
Authors: Gómez Vega Juan Carlos , Ocampo-Navia Maria Isabel , Acevedo González Juan Carlos
Published: June 2021

La espasticidad es un desorden motor que hace parte del síndrome de motoneurona superior y se caracteriza por un incremento dependiente de la velocidad del reflejo tónico de estiramiento o de tono muscular; se acompaña de reflejos miotendinosos exagerados e hiperexcitabilidad del reflejo de estiramiento. Es muy frecuente en pacientes con síndrome de motoneurona superior secundario a diversas patologías como ataque cerebrovascular, lesiones medulares, esclerosis múltiple y parálisis cerebral. Un abordaje multidisciplinario e individualizado es fundamental en el tratamiento de los pacientes; e incluye como pilares el manejo no farmacológico, farmacológico, neuroquirúrgico y ortopédico. El presente trabajo pretende realizar una revisión no sistematizada pero actualizada sobre la historia, epidemiología, fisiopatología, abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de la espasticidad, tanto en la población adulta como en la pediátrica; así como plantear un algoritmo terapéutico.
Características y producción científica de las investigaciones de una escuela de enfermería en Perú.
Authors: Ñique Cesar , Tenorio Paz Claudia Pierina , Rodríguez Cruz Lisseth Dolores , Diaz Manchay Rosa Jeuna
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La producción científica de las universidades en nuestro país es muy baja en parte porque no logra tener visibilidad los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas como requisito para culminar los estudios de pregrado, debe profundizarse en el conocimiento sobre el tipo de investigaciones que se realizan, en este sentido se planteó el siguiente objetivo: Caracterizar las investigaciones realizadas en la escuela de enfermería de la Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo entre los años 2006 - 2020.

Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo que incluyó a 744 tesis de pregrado en formato digital de la Escuela de enfermería de la Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo de la ciudad de Chiclayo, Perú.

Resultados: El 83,60% de las investigaciones para obtener el título profesional de enfermería son de tipo cualitativa con diseño de estudio de caso (63,44%); el 31,26% tienen como población a personas adultas; el 60,48% fueron realizadas en Instituciones de salud de régimen público y privado. Del total de las tesis analizadas el 17.20% fueron adaptadas a articulo científico y publicadas en revistas indexadas, la mayoría en Latindex (58,59%) seguida de Cuiden (32.03%).

Conclusión: Existe un gran número de tesis que aún no han sido convertidas a formato de articulo de investigación, con lo cual se pierde la oportunidad de ganar visibilidad sobre la producción científica del pregrado de la escuela de enfermería de la USAT, pocas fueron publicadas en bases indexadas, destacando Latindex.
Entrenamiento de enfermería en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Hernandez Ordoñez Sandra Jimena , Cuspoca Riveros Liliana Marcela , Repizo Correa Marleny 
Published: June 2021

La pandemia por SARS-cov-2 (COVID-19), puso en evidencia la falta de personal asistencial, por tal motivo hubo la necesidad de re entrenar al personal disponible, en temas específicos; en tiempos de pandemia la alternativa para lograr este objetivo fue la modalidad virtual, con buenos resultados de acuerdo con la experiencia Institucional.
Nicho terapéutico de ceftazidima-avibactam frente a bacterias gramnegativas resistentes a carbapenémicos en Colombia
Authors: Daniel Arsanios , Muñoz Angulo Natalia
Published: June 2021

La resistencia antibiótica es un gran problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, debido a que aumenta la morbimortalidad por un gran número de patologías, es el responsable de 700.000 muertes por año, y que se estima que para el año 2050 puede alcanzar cifras de hasta 10 millones de muertes por año, llegando a ser la primera causa de mortalidad por encima de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y el cáncer. Este panorama desalentador ha impulsado la investigación de nuevos antimicrobianos, algunos de los cuales, como ceftazidima-avibactam (CAZ-AVI), ya han sido introducidos en la práctica clínica. CAZ-AVI es una combinación de una cefalosporina de tercera generación y un nuevo inhibidor de β-lactamasa activo contra bacterias gram-negativas multidrogorresistentes (MDR) que, por su gran eficacia y baja incidencia de efectos adversos, ha sido aprobada para el tratamiento de infecciones complicadas del tracto urinario, infecciones intraabdominales complicadas y neumonía asociadas al ventilador. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura abarcando los principales tópicos relacionados con este antimicrobiano, asi como lo reportado en hasta el momento en nuestro país
A Comparison of Volume of Fluid and Euler–Euler Approaches in Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Two-Phase Flows With a Sharp Interface
Authors: Bertolotti Luc , Jefferson Loveday Richard , Ambrose Stephen , Korsukova Evgenia
Published: June 2021

In aero-engines, it is important to predict the behavior of shear flows in the different parts such as bearing chambers or gearboxes. In bearing chambers, the thickness distribution of wavy films is well studied as two-phase flows are still very hard to predict depending on the case. Experimental studies remain very expensive to carry out and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) still struggles with two-phase flow prediction especially when a sharp interface between the two phases must be modeled. CFD is used to predict the oil film thickness distribution and interface velocity at different engine operating conditions. Currently, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) CFD uses a semi-empirical method of turbulence damping, which is inaccurate for wavy films and so impacts the modeling of bearing chambers and gearboxes. With the objective of improving RANS models from large eddy simulation (LES) methods, the volume of fluid (VOF) and Euler–Euler methods for two-phase flow modeling are investigated in this study. The VOF approach assumes a single set of momentum equations for the two phases and volume fractions are 1 or 0 everywhere except in the interface region. An alternative to VOF is the Euler–Euler method with interface sharpening for shear flows. This approach assumes one set of momentum equations per phase but a shared field of pressure. The VOF and Euler–Euler approaches are compared in this study using LES with the CFD code OpenFOAM v6. The case study is based on experimental work investigating stratified flow in a horizontal channel that will be further detailed in this paper. In this study, a simplified 3D periodic channel filled with two distinct phases—air and water—is used. A flow regime is studied in which flows are fully developed and the water phase has a much smaller velocity than the air phase in order to obtain a shear flow. Numerical results are compared with experimental measurements from the literature. With OpenFOAM, the VOF solver used for the study is interFoam and the Euler–Euler solver used is reactingMultiphaseEulerFoam. Velocity profiles, shear–stress profiles, and kinetic energy profiles are compared with experimental measurements for the assessment of the two flow solvers. Maps of vorticity magnitude are also provided to support the comparisons between the Euler–Euler and the VOF approaches as well as an appropriate vortex identification method.
Coaches’ Beliefs About Shy Children and Adolescents in the Context of Team Sports
Authors: Nguyen Kim , Coplan Robert J. , Archbell Kristen A. , Rose-Krasnor Linda
Published: June 2021

The goal of this study was to explore coaches’ beliefs about the role of child and adolescent shyness in team sports. Participants were (N = 496) coaches of children and adolescents from team sport organizations across Canada. Coaches responded to open-ended questions asking about the benefits of team sports participation for shy children and adolescents, as well as the special contributions that shy team members may make to a sports team. Among the results, coaches cited improvements in social skills most often as the primary benefits of engaging in team sports for shy team members. Coaches most frequently listed promoting social inclusion, quiet leadership, and being coachable as specific contributions of shy team members. Some age differences were also noted. Results are discussed in terms of implications of shyness for children and adolescents who participate in organized team sports.
Does Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With 10- or 20-Min Standing Attenuate Postprandial Glycemia and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes?
Authors: Freire Yuri A. , Silva Carlos A. , Macêdo Geovani A. D. , Browne Rodrigo A. V. , de Oliveira Bruno M. , Martins George Felipe C. , Farias-Junior Luiz F. , Brito Luciana C. , Costa Eduardo C.
Published: June 2021

We carried out three types of 2-hr experimental sessions with middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 diabetes in order to examine the acute effect of interrupting prolonged sitting with varying periods of standing on postprandial glycemia and blood pressure (BP): (a) prolonged sitting after breakfast; (b) standing for 10 min, 30 min after breakfast; and (c) standing for 20 min, 30 min after breakfast. Glucose and BP were assessed before and after breakfast. A generalized linear model revealed no significant differences for the incremental area under the curve of glucose between standing for 10 min, 30 min after breakfast, versus prolonged sitting after breakfast (β = –4.5 mg/dl/2 hr, 95% CI [–17.3, 8.4]) and standing for 20 min, 30 min after breakfast, versus prolonged sitting after breakfast (β = 0.9 mg/dl/2 hr, 95% CI [–11.9, 13.7]). There was no difference in area under the curve of systolic and diastolic BP among the sessions. Interrupting prolonged sitting time with 10 or 20 min of standing 30 min after breakfast does not attenuate postprandial glycemia or BP in middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 diabetes.
The Success and Struggles of Physical Education Teachers While Teaching Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Centeio Erin , Mercier Kevin , Garn Alex , Erwin Heather , Marttinen Risto , Foley John
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate physical education teachers’ perceptions of implementing online physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as to explore their needs with regard to support for future teaching experiences. A total of 4,302 teachers completed four open-ended questions as part of a larger survey. Deductive and inductive qualitative analysis led to three themes: (a) Teachers’ Proud Moments, (b) Help! So Many Obstacles, and (c) Future Challenges. Teachers stated many successes and challenges that they experienced through the COVID-19 pandemic. Many items specifically focused on use and access to technology, student participation, and meeting students’ needs in various ways. Results can provide guidance for how to address the essential components of physical education in the online environment. In addition, results may provide insight to those who educate, train, and prepare teachers to teach in a virtual and/or physically distanced environment.
Chimeric spike mRNA vaccines protect against Sarbecovirus challenge in mice
Authors: Martinez David R. , Schäfer Alexandra , Leist Sarah R. , De la Cruz Gabriela , West Ande , Atochina-Vasserman Elena N. , Lindesmith Lisa C. , Pardi Norbert , Parks Robert , Barr Maggie , Li Dapeng , Yount Boyd , Saunders Kevin O. , Weissman Drew , Haynes Barton F. , Montgomery Stephanie A. , Baric Ralph S.
Published: June 2021

A broad defense against SARS-like viruses

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third coronavirus that has emerged as a serious human pathogen in the past 20 years. Treatment strategies that are broadly protective against current and future SARS-like coronaviruses are needed. Martinez
et al
. take on this challenge by developing vaccines based on chimeras of the viral spike protein. The messenger RNA vaccines encode spike proteins composed of domain modules from epidemic and pandemic coronaviruses, as well as bat coronaviruses with the potential to cross to humans. In aged mice vulnerable to infection, the chimeric vaccines protected against challenge from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and tested variants of concern, and zoonotic coronaviruses with pandemic potential. —VV
TSHZ2 is an EGF-regulated tumor suppressor that binds to the cytokinesis regulator PRC1 and inhibits metastasis
Authors: Uribe Mary L. , Dahlhoff Maik , Batra Rajbir N. , Nataraj Nishanth B. , Haga Yuya , Drago-Garcia Diana , Marrocco Ilaria , Sekar Arunachalam , Ghosh Soma , Vaknin Itay , Lebon Sacha , Kramarski Lior , Tsutsumi Yasuo , Choi Inpyo , Rueda Oscar M. , Caldas Carlos , Yarden Yosef
Published: June 2021

Examination of genes repressed hours after exposure to the growth factor EGF reveals that TSHZ2 restricts mitosis.
A Novel Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism Regulatory Cascade Is Implicated in Entomopathogenicity of the Fungus Metarhizium robertsii
Authors: Meng Yamin , Zhang Xing , Tang Dan , Chen Xiaoxuan , Zhang Dan , Chen Jun , Fang Weiguo
Published: June 2021

Penetration of the cuticle, the first physical barrier to pathogenic fungi, is the prerequisite for fungal infection of insects. In the entomopathogenic fungus
Metarhizium robertsii
, we found that the Fus3–mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the transcription factor regulator of nutrient selection 1 (RNS1) constitute a novel cascade that controls cuticle penetration by regulating degradation of cuticular lipids, proteins, and chitin to obtain nutrients for hyphal growth and entry into the insect hemocoel.
Fatal donor-derived Kaposi sarcoma following liver transplantation
Authors: Copeland Matthew Moore McCrea , Trainor James , Cash W Johnny , Braniff Conor
Published: June 2021

Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV8) is a recognised precursor for a number of neoplastic and non-neoplastic processes. Immunosuppressed recipients of both solid organ and haematopoietic stem cell transplants are at risk of life-threatening lytic reactivations of HHV8-infected B-lymphocytes, primary infections after receiving grafts from HHV8-seropositive donors and more rarely by the direct transplantation of malignant Kaposi sarcoma cells seeded within graft tissue. We describe the case of an HHV8-seronegative patient with confirmed, post-orthotopic liver transplant transmission of HHV8 from a seropositive donor with quantitative evidence of viraemia and subsequent development of disseminated visceral and cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma with a rapidly fatal outcome.
Recurrent deep venous thromboses in a patient with adult-onset Still’s disease
Authors: Jones Riley G , Hoyes Brittany , Patel Jaymin , Zaman Muhammad Omer
Published: June 2021

Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare inflammatory disorder affecting just over one in a million people. Due to its rarity, understanding of its pathophysiology and the spectrum of its clinical associations are limited. Improved case identification and creation of patient registries have begun to reveal sporadic reports of deep venous thromboses associated with AOSD. Herein, we report the first case of recurrent deep venous thrombosis in a patient with AOSD despite treatment with therapeutic dose anticoagulant medication. This case points for a judicious approach to the selection of an anticoagulation strategy for deep venous thromboses in the setting of active AOSD. This case is of contemporary interest in its clinical similarity with COVID-19 symptoms and pathophysiology for which a careful diagnostic approach with a broad differential should be considered given the limitations of SARS-CoV-2 testing and the risk associated with treatment in the event of misdiagnosis.
Hypermagnesaemia causing mesenteric ischaemia and small bowel infarction
Authors: Hubbard Grant , Nerad Robert , Wojtasik Lynn
Published: June 2021

We present a case of mesenteric ischaemia caused by hypermagnesaemia after ingestion of a large oral dose of magnesium citrate, which resulted in smooth muscle relaxation, hypotension and bowel infarction. The patient had a history of chronic bowel dysmotility and renal impairment. On operative exploration, the bowel was noted to have a distinct pattern of ischaemia along its antimesenteric border. Small bowel resection was performed, and the patient was left in discontinuity, with definitive repair and anastomosis performed 24 hours later. The patient’s magnesium level was 8.39 mg/dL, which was treated with intermittent haemodialysis and eventually normalised over several sessions. Our patient recovered and was discharged after a month-long hospitalisation. She returned shortly after with respiratory failure and died. On review of the literature, we identified similar cases and present a pathophysiological mechanism of hypermagnesaemia causing mesenteric ischaemia, consistent between our cases and those already reported.
Impact of the national home safety equipment scheme ‘Safe At Home’ on hospital admissions for unintentional injury in children under 5: a controlled interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Hill Trevor , Coupland Carol , Kendrick Denise , Jones Matthew , Akbari Ashley , Rodgers Sarah , Watson Michael Craig , Tyrrell Edward , Merrill Sheila , Orton Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Background

Unintentional home injuries are a leading cause of preventable death in young children. Safety education and equipment provision improve home safety practices, but their impact on injuries is less clear. Between 2009 and 2011, a national home safety equipment scheme was implemented in England (Safe At Home), targeting high-injury-rate areas and socioeconomically disadvantaged families with children under 5. This provided a ‘natural experiment’ for evaluating the scheme’s impact on hospital admissions for unintentional injuries.

Methods

Controlled interrupted time series analysis of unintentional injury hospital admission rates in small areas (Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs)) in England where the scheme was implemented (intervention areas, n=9466) and matched with LSOAs in England and Wales where it was not implemented (control areas, n=9466), with subgroup analyses by density of equipment provision.

Results

57 656 homes receiving safety equipment were included in the analysis. In the 2 years after the scheme ended, monthly admission rates declined in intervention areas (−0.33% (−0.47% to −0.18%)) but did not decline in control areas (0.04% (−0.11%–0.19%), p value for difference in trend=0.001). Greater reductions in admission rates were seen as equipment provision density increased. Effects were not maintained beyond 2 years after the scheme ended.

Conclusions

A national home safety equipment scheme was associated with a reduction in injury-related hospital admissions in children under 5 in the 2 years after the scheme ended. Providing a higher number of items of safety equipment appears to be more effective in reducing injury rates than providing fewer items.
Chiral symmetry in the confinement phase of QCD
Authors: Campos S. D.
Published: June 2021

Based on the Pomeranchuk theorem, one constructs the [Formula: see text] parameter to measure the difference between experimental data for the particle–particle and particle–antiparticle total cross-section at same energy. The experimental data for the proton–proton and proton–antiproton total cross-section were used to show that, at the same energy, this parameter tends to zero as the collision energy grows. Furthermore, one assumes a classical description for the total cross-section, dividing it into a finite number of non-interacting disjoint cells, each one containing a quark–antiquark pair subject to the confinement potential. Near the minimum of the total cross-section, one associates [Formula: see text] with the entropy generated by these cells, analogously to the [Formula: see text]-model. Using both the Quigg–Rosner and Cornell confinement potentials and neglecting other energy contributions, one can calculate the internal energy of the hadron. One obtains that both the entropy and internal energy possess the same logarithmic dependence on the spatial separation between the pairs in the cell. The Helmholtz free energy is used to estimate the transition temperature, which is far from the temperature widely related to the Quark–Gluon Plasma.
Identifying the Optimal Refactoring Dependencies Using Heuristic Search Algorithms to Maximize Maintainability
Authors: Chug Anuradha , Tarwani Sandhya
Published: June 2021

Bad smells represent imperfection in the design of the software system and trigger the urge to refactor the source code. The quality of object-oriented software has always been a major concern for the developer team and refactoring techniques help them to focus on this aspect by transforming the code in a way such that the behavior of the software can be preserved. Rigorous research has been done in this field to improve the quality of the software using various techniques. But, one of the issues still remains unsettled, i.e. the overhead effort to refactor the code in order to yield the maximum maintainability value. In this paper, a quantitative evaluation method has been proposed to improve the maintainability value by identifying the most optimum refactoring dependencies in advance with the help of various meta-heuristic algorithms, including A*, AO*, Hill-Climbing and Greedy approaches. A comparison has been done between the maintainability values of the software used, before and after applying the proposed methodology. The results of this study show that the Greedy algorithm is the most promising algorithm amongst all the algorithms in determining the most optimum refactoring sequence resulting in 18.56% and 9.90% improvements in the maintainability values of jTDS and ArtOfIllusion projects, respectively. Further, this study would be beneficial for the software maintenance team as refactoring sequences will be available beforehand, thereby helping the team in maintaining the software with much ease to enhance the maintainability of the software. The proposed methodology will help the maintenance team to focus on a limited portion of the software due to prioritization of the classes, in turn helping them in completing their work within the budget and time constraints.
On Representing Resilience Requirements of Microservice Architecture Systems
Authors: Yin Kanglin , Du Qingfeng
Published: June 2021

Together with the spread of DevOps practices and container technologies, Microservice Architecture has become a mainstream architecture style in recent years. Resilience is a key characteristic in Microservice Architecture (MSA) Systems, and it shows the ability to cope with various kinds of system disturbances which cause degradations of services. However, due to lack of consensus definition of resilience in the software field, although a lot of work has been done on resilience for MSA Systems, developers still do not have a clear idea on how resilient an MSA System should be, and what resilience mechanisms are needed.

In this paper, by referring to existing systematic studies on resilience in other scientific areas, the definition of microservice resilience is provided and a Microservice Resilience Measurement Model is proposed to measure service resilience. And a requirement model to represent resilience requirements of MSA Systems is given. The requirement model uses elements in KAOS to represent notions in the measurement model, and decompose service resilience goals into system behaviors that can be executed by system components. As a proof of concept, a case study is conducted on an MSA System to illustrate how the proposed models are applied.
Trøndelag Platform and Halten–Dønna Terraces Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Norwegian Rifted Margin, Norwegian Sea
Authors: Bunkholt Halvor S. S. , Oftedal Bjørn Terje , Hansen John Are , Løseth Helge , Kløvjan Oddbjørn Sivert
Published: June 2021

The Trøndelag Platform and Halten–Dønna Terraces occupy a central part of the Norwegian Sea rifted continental margin off the mid-Norway coast. The margin is expected to hold 4500 Mboe of undiscovered oil equivalents and represents an economically important Arctic province. The geological evolution of the area is closely linked to processes involving the Caledonian Orogeny and subsequent plate tectonic reorganizations, multiphase rifting, continental drift and glaciations across the northern hemisphere. In this chapter we review the geology of the Trøndelag Platform and Halten–Dønna Terraces Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element based on published data and results of Equinor ASA in-house studies. Three new structural elements are defined for the first time: the Leka fault complex, the Vikna high and the Sula basin.
A Review Study on the Main Sources of Porosity in Al‐Si Cast Alloys
Authors: Samuel Agnes , Zedan Yasser , Doty Herbert , Songmene Victor , Samuel Fawzy. H.
Published: June 2021

The present study was performed on A356 and B319 alloys in mechanically stirred or degassed condition. Melts were Sr‐modified and grain‐refined. Hydrogen content was varied from less than 0.1 ml/100 g Al to ∼0.4 ml/100 g Al; Fe was increased to 0.8% in B319 alloy. Lanthanum and cerium were added as 99.5% pure metals. Two main techniques were used to investigate porosity formation: fracture surface of tensile or fatigue test bars, or reduced pressure test (RPT) method. Porosity type and shape were examined. The results show that pore size is more influential than small scattered ones from a mechanical point of view. Tensile testing is affected by porosity located at the center of the testing bar, whereas edge porosity is responsible for crack initiation in case of fatigue testing. Intermetallics precipitate in the form of intercepted platelets which restricts the flow of the molten metal, leading to formation of shrinkage cavities. Precipitation of clusters of compounds from the liquid state such as Al2Si2Sr, Mg2Sn, Al3Ti, or added Al2O3particles would as well act as nucleation sites for porosity formation. Most oxides were observed in the form of long branched strings. In some cases, bifilms were also reported in addition to SrO and MgO.
Recognition and Classification Model of Music Genres and Chinese Traditional Musical Instruments Based on Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Xu Ke
Published: June 2021

The teaching of ideological and political theory courses and daily ideological and political education are two important parts of education for college students. With the iterative update of information technology, the individualized development of students, and the reform and innovation of ideological and political education, higher goals and requirements have been put forward for ideological and political education. Some universities have developed new paths in the teaching model, but they have not considered the evaluation module and paid little attention to their own development. They only paid attention to the fact that it injected fresh blood into the reform of education model and ideological education but ignored the improvement of their own quality. Therefore, with these limitations, the learning effect is not satisfactory. Keeping in view these issues, this article defines the concept of deep learning and ideological and political education of college students as the starting point and then analyzes the new precise and personalized concepts, new forms of intelligent teaching and evaluation, and new models of intelligent learning that deep learning brings to college students’ ideological and political education. This is a new path of intelligent linkage with the subject, object, and mediator. It can deepen the reform of the education and teaching mode of individualization, accuracy, interactivity, and vividness of college students’ ideological and political education and improve the evaluation and management of college students’ ideological and political education. The experimental results of the study showed the effectiveness of the proposed study.
Characterization of Thermally Sprayed Coated GT Components Made of 3D Printing Based Selective Laser Melting Processed Inconel Alloy 718
Authors: Yunus Mohammed , Alsoufi Mohammad S.
Published: June 2021

Functional requirements like higher strength, resistance, and shielding from chemical reactions, degradation, etc., of the base metal are achieved by modifying their exposed surfaces using TBC (thermal barrier coating). Modified outer surface of components in the GT (gas turbine) improves the performance by the increase of inlet temperature, enhancing longer life and providing many interrelated surfaces to withstand severe working conditions. This work is based on characteristic (mechanical, thermal, and tribology) evaluation of TBC-coated GT components made of Inconel 718 manufactured from traditional and 3-D printing-based selective laser melting (SLM) process and compared. TBCs comprising bond coat and top ceramic oxide coat were deposited by High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel and Atmospheric Plasma Spraying techniques, respectively. Characteristics evaluated by varying coating thickness, standoff distance, substrate preheating, Input torch power, etc., revealed that characteristics of substrates manufactured from SLM methods improved significantly except porosity and average surface roughness. These improvements are essential for embedding sensors, thin films, etc., in TBCs for continuous monitoring of outputs.
Recognition of Basketball Player’s Shooting Action Based on the Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Rui , Liu Ziqi , Liu Shuyong
Published: June 2021

In the field of basketball, the formulation of the existing training plan mainly relies on the coaches’ artificial observation and personal experience, which is inevitably subjective. The application of body domain network technology in athletes’ training and recognition of athletes’ postures can help coaches to assist decision-making and greatly improve athletes’ competitive ability. The human movements reflected in basketball are more complex which need deep understanding. The accuracy of basketball players’ shooting movements recognition plays a positive and important role in basketball games and training practice. Based on the prior knowledge of the convolutional neural network study, environment light conditions change the dynamic characteristics of basketball image analysis, capture images of the basketball goal algorithm of minimum circumscribed rectangle of the object, and based on the convolutional neural network, introduce two types of prior knowledge, one kind is based on the feature matching method that defined a priori knowledge, while another kind is based on training the convolution neural network model. The test results of the network model are taken as the prior knowledge, and then, a convolutional neural network dynamic target recognition model is constructed based on the prior knowledge. The construction process of the model is organized as the basketball target image is collected under any illumination conditions, the convolutional neural network model is trained with the convolutional neural network as the input data, and the standard illumination conditions are determined according to the test results of the network model. Then, put it into the trained network model to test and get the recognition results of basketball players’ shooting movements. The research is validated with performing experiments and the results revealed the success of the study.
A Lightweight Three-Factor Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme for Multigateway WSNs in IoT
Authors: Xue Lingyan , Huang Qinglong , Zhang Shuaiqing , Huang Haiping , Wang Wenming
Published: June 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) has built an information bridge between people and the objective world, wherein wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an important driving force. For applications based on WSN, such as environment monitoring, smart healthcare, user legitimacy authentication, and data security, are always worth exploring. In recent years, many multifactor user authentication schemes for WSNs have been proposed using smart cards, passwords, as well as biometric features. Unfortunately, these schemes are revealed to various vulnerabilities (e.g., password guessing attack, impersonation attack, and replay attack) due to nonuniform security evaluation criteria. Wang et al. put forward 12 pieces of widely accepted evaluation criteria by investigating quantities of relevant literature. In this paper, we first propose a lightweight multifactor authentication protocol for multigateway WSNs using hash functions and XOR operations. Further, BAN logic and BPR model are employed to formally prove the correctness and security of the proposed scheme, and the informal analysis with Wang et al.’s criteria also indicates that it can resist well-known attacks. Finally, performance analysis of the compared schemes is given, and the evaluation results show that only the proposed scheme can satisfy all 12 evaluation criteria and keep efficient among these schemes.
Mathematical Analysis of Nanostructured Surfaces: The Period-Scale Transform
Authors: Poulios Costas , Constantoudis Vassilios
Published: June 2021

This work has been motivated by the urgent need for accurate and complete characterization of patterns consisting of almost periodic arrangements of specific features (trenches, bumps, holes, spikes, and so on) amply used in the industries of nanotechnology, microelectronics, and photonics. The quantitative characterization of such surface structures demands mathematical methods able to reveal both period- and feature-scale aspects. Given that the conventional approaches (Fourier or wavelet transform) are limited to either periodicity or feature-scale characterization, our work contributes with the proposal of a transformation which combines Fourier and wavelet merits to quantify simultaneously the period and feature scale of a periodic or almost periodic surface pattern. The output of our study has been (a) a detailed investigation of the mathematical properties of the proposed period-scale transform (PST) along with its relationship with other well-known transforms, (b) a presentation of some examples of PST of model 1D periodic surfaces to identify its benefits, and (c) first applications of PST in real profiles extracted from experimental polymer surfaces after plasma treatment.
Thermal Radiation Effects on Unsteady Stagnation Point Nanofluid Flow in View of Convective Boundary Conditions
Authors: Rasheed Haroon Ur , Islam Saeed , Khan Zeeshan , Alharbi Sayer O. , Khan Waqar A , Khan Waris , Khan Ilyas
Published: June 2021

The present communication particularizes nonlinear convective non-Newtonian stagnation point flow and heat transference effects in stretchable flow of nanofluid. Magnetohydromagnetic steady viscous flow of nanofluid is examined. Heat transfer attributes of nanofluids are addressed via a numerical algorithm. Conductivity and diffusivity characteristics of fluid are depending on temperature and concentration and furthermore, on mass conservation, momentum, energy, and concentration yield partial differential equations (PDEs). The boundary layer flow concept pioneered by Prandtl has been employed to simplify the nonlinear constitutive flow laws which are then changed to ordinary differential equations. A built-in bvp4c algorithm in Mathematica software yields convergent outcomes of nonlinear (ODEs) systems. A comprehensive analysis has been made elucidating the physical significance of various governing parameters effects presented graphically. Additionally, the flow nature was confirmed versus streamlines.
Main Therapeutic Uses of Some Moroccan Hot Springs’ Waters
Authors: Fikri-Benbrahim Kawtar , Houti Asmae , El Ouali Lalami Abdelhakim , Flouchi Rachid , El Hachlafi Naoufal , Houti Mariam , Rachiq Saad
Published: June 2021

Morocco has an important groundwater reserve, especially in the Atlas domain, corresponding to its largest water reservoir. This reserve comes from rainwater infiltrated into rocks and sediments to give rise to mineralized waters feeding many springs and having curative properties, which confer each spa-specific therapeutic indications, based on the medicinal properties of its waters. All over the world, mineral waters of thermal springs have interesting therapeutic uses to cure some diseases; unfortunately, such potential is underexploited in Morocco. This narrative review deals with the distribution of thermal springs in Morocco, the classification of their thermal waters, and their health effects, with the aim to enhance them. For this purpose, previous studies’ results on different aspects of thermal waters were searched in the most famous scientific databases, by using targeted specific keywords. Literature has shown that Morocco contains several thermal springs, scattered throughout the Middle Atlas, in the South, and in the Rif, which are regarded as waters of high therapeutic quality, whose thermal cures are often recommended to people suffering from rheumatism and locomotor system’s diseases, skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis, cardiovascular diseases, overweight, or respiratory troubles. However, apart from the unique and real thermal station of Moulay Yacoub, the other thermal springs are exploited in an empirical and artisanal way, mainly by a local population. So, as hydrotherapy constitutes a good choice of natural therapy using water components as a complement or alternative to conventional treatments, a better understanding of the thermal springs’ distribution in Morocco, their thermal waters’ classification, and their potential health effects may enable their valorization through a better use of their waters.
OD Matching of Metro IC Card Data Based on Analysis Function
Authors: Ding Cheng , Wang Cheng , Wang Xinyi , Gao Yueer , Liao Yongxin , Chen Jianwei
Published: June 2021

In the case of passengers taking the subway many times in a short time, missing cards in and out of the station, and staying in the subway station for a long time, the previous table join method cannot accurately set the time threshold parameters and correctly match the OD pairs of passengers. In order to solve these problems, an OD matching method based on analysis function is proposed in this paper. LAG () is an analytic function in Oracle which allows you to access the row at a given offset prior to the current row without using a self-join. Metro IC card dataset stores the card swiping records of passengers entering and leaving the subway station every time. In this method, the dataset is sorted in ascending order according to the card number and card swiping time, and then, the lag function of Oracle is used to take the offset of the upper line of card ID, transaction date, transaction time, in and out sign, and station ID. Finally, the matching process is completed according to the OD conditions of card number, time, and inbound and outbound sign fields. This method does not need to set a time threshold and so as to deal with the situation where passengers stay too long in the subway station. The OD matching results on in and out IC swiping cards dataset in April and May 2019 of passengers of Xiamen Metro Line verify that analysis function method has better OD matching, missing swiping identification accuracy, and effect compared to the table join method.
Does Airport Preferential Policy Aggravate the Competition of Aviation Hubs in Central and Western China? Based on the Investigation of 78 Airports
Authors: Li Chengyu , Yan Xiangwu , Zhang Yanbing , Xu Ning , Chen Jin , Zhou Guangliang
Published: June 2021

China’s regional economic competition is intensifying; in particular, the cluster development of air transport, high-end manufacturing, and modern service industries is closely related to the construction of regional airports. Local governments have listed aviation hubs as the hardcore advantage of high-quality growth in the new era, but it may also lead to excessive convergence and preferential system competition. Based on the “GDP competition” of local governments in China, this paper uses panel data of 78 airports in mainland China from 2001 to 2018 and tries to explore the causes of airport preferential policies. The Synthetic Control Method is used to study the influence of preferential policies on airport passenger and cargo flow, and then the Spatial Durbin Model is used to verify the spatial spillover effect of aviation hubs, which may be magnified by the preferential policies. This paper finds that the impact of preferential policies on airports in central and western China is mainly reflected in the increase of cargo throughput, and there is a spatial siphon effect on cargo throughput between airports. The implementation of the preferential policy enhances this spatial siphon effect, which in turn leads to more fierce competition. The research results show that the preferential policies, issued in central and western aviation economy, have shown a trend of evolving in the direction of vicious competition. Before the airport preferential system produces more negative effects, it should be corrected in time, and each aviation economic zone in the central and western regions should be scientifically coordinated and reasonably planned.
In Vitro Models for Studying Entry, Tissue Tropism, and Therapeutic Approaches of Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses
Authors: Najafi Fard Saeid , Petrone Linda , Petruccioli Elisa , Alonzi Tonino , Matusali Giulia , Colavita Francesca , Castilletti Concetta , Capobianchi Maria Rosaria , Goletti Delia
Published: June 2021

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped nonsegmented positive‐sense RNA viruses belonging to the family Coronaviridae that contain the largest genome among RNA viruses. Their genome encodes 4 major structural proteins, and among them, the Spike (S) protein plays a crucial role in determining the viral tropism. It mediates viral attachment to the host cell, fusion to the membranes, and cell entry using cellular proteases as activators. Several in vitro models have been developed to study the CoVs entry, pathogenesis, and possible therapeutic approaches. This article is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge about the use of relevant methodologies and cell lines permissive for CoV life cycle studies. The synthesis of this information can be useful for setting up specific experimental procedures. We also discuss different strategies for inhibiting the binding of the S protein to the cell receptors and the fusion process which may offer opportunities for therapeutic intervention.