bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsteady Aerodynamic Performance of a Maglev Train: The Effect of the Ground Condition
Authors: Meng Shi , Chen Guang , Zhou Dan , Meng Shuang
Published: July 2021

The effect of the ground condition on unsteady aerodynamic performance of maglev train was numerically investigated with an IDDES (Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation) method. The accuracy of the numerical method has been validated by wind tunnel experiments. The flow structure, slipstream and aerodynamic force around the train under stationary and moving ground conditions were compared. Compared with the stationary ground condition, the vortex structure under the condition of moving ground generated by the wake region is narrower and higher because of the track. Near the nose point of the head and tail vehicles, the peak value of slipstream under the condition of moving ground is slightly higher than that under stationary ground. In the wake area, the effect of the main vortex structure on both sides of the tail vehicle and the track makes the vortex structure in the wake area stronger than that under moving ground, the slipstream peak is larger and the locus thereof is further forward. Under the two ground conditions, the vortex structure is periodically shed from both sides of the train into the wake area, and the shedding frequency of the main vortex under the moving ground condition is lower than that under the stationary ground condition. Moving ground can increase the resistance of the maglev train, reduce the lift of the maglev train, and decrease the standard deviation of the maglev train’s aerodynamic force.
A techno-economic and financial analysis of a Gulf-India undersea electricity interconnector
Authors: Shivakumar Abhishek , Kruitwagen Lucas , Weinstein Miles , Spiteri Sebastian , Arderne Christopher , Almulla Youssef , Usher William , Howells Mark , Hawkes Adam
Published: July 2021

As part of efforts to decarbonise, power systems around the world will need to cope with increasing shares of intermittent renewable generation from technologies such as wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) in the coming decades. One promising solution to this challenge is cross-border electricity interconnectors. This study is an independent combined techno-economic and financial analysis of an electricity interconnector between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and India. A techno-economic model of a combined India-GCC power system was developed using OSeMOSYS, an open-source energy system modelling tool and combined with a financial model. The models were applied across 75 scenarios covering a range of cost variables and solar PV locations in the GCC. We find that a techno-economic case for a GCC-India interconnector is clear: an interconnector is part of the least-cost ‘optimal’ power system in 64 of the 75 scenarios studied. The trend of electricity flows gradually shifts from the India->GCC direction in 2030 to the other way around by 2050. The overall trade volumes are influenced by the location of the solar PV farm; locations further to the west contribute towards higher trade volumes in the GCC->India direction. Of the cost variables considered in the study the overall (social) discount rate is most strongly correlated with the interconnector trade volumes. The financial case for the CCG-India interconnector is less clear. Of the projections developed for the scenarios from the technoeconomic model, only a small number are immediately investible. It is also expected that a smaller interconnector will be a more attractive investment opportunity, for a trade-off in total system cost reductions.
Explanation of Medicine Clinical Faculty’s Experiences of Clinical Supervision: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sadat Marzieh , Ahmady Soleiman
Published: July 2021

Background: Educational clinical supervision is the direct or indirect supervision by the clinical supervisor of the processes performed by the student in clinical environments for providing guidance and feedback with the point of executing better and higher quality attendance to patients. Given that this supervision is one of the main activities in the teaching of the medical Career, The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of clinical faculty regarding educational clinical supervision.Method: This study is a Qualitative study and it was performed with the participation of 13 faculty members of the internal medicine and surgery departments of the medical school of the Islamic Azad University, Najafabad unit. The sampling method was purposeful and the data was been collected via semi-structured computing. Data analysis was been done by using analyzing qualitative content method with the Deductive approach. Results: They were placed in 3 main classes and 12 sub-classes. The main categories include fundamental roles, relaxed alertness, and Counterproductive behavior.Conclusion: Not attending to the challenges of didactic clinical supervision and the lack of a suitable supervisory structure will cause the reduction of the motivation of faculty (board) members and an increase of their confusion, as well as the formation of anti-production behaviors and reduction of the quality of clinical education.
Statistical Approach to the Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy
Authors: Ramírez José Hernández
Published: July 2021

We consider a Schwarzschild black hole type in this work whose particles, only those that lies on its surface, the event horizon (r+), contributes to the entropy and we found it by using the canonical ensemble. We don’t consider any interaction between this particles, but the inner energy.
The Predictive Factors of Nocturia in Young Asian Adult Males – An Online Survey
Authors: Cheng Weiming , Fan Yu-Hwa , Liou Ying-Jay , Hsu Yi-Ting
Published: July 2021

The present study investigated the association between the severity of depressive mood and nocturia in young Asian adult men. Participants were 3,127 adult male Facebook users aged 20–40 years who could read and write traditional Chinese. Participants completed an online questionnaire about their demographic characteristics, the frequency of getting up to urinate during the night (International Prostate Symptoms Score [IPSS]), and the frequency of experiencing depressive symptoms (Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire [TDQ]). The severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and those who had nocturia were classified using the IPSS. Student’s t test and Pearson’s chi square test were used to compare participants with and without nocturia. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the predictive factors for nocturia. Two hundred fifty-one (8.0%) participants had nocturia, and 21.9% were suspected to have depression. Age over 30 years, body mass index over 25 kg/m2, the presence of moderate/severe LUTS, and higher TDQ scores were predictive of nocturia. Depression was associated with nocturia in young Asian adult males. Young men with nocturia who are at risk of developing depression should be identified with a culturally relevant questionnaire. Early referral for psychiatric assessment and intervention may be warranted.
Quantum interference between independent solid-state single-photon sources separated by 300 km fiber
Authors: You Xiang , Zheng Ming-Yang , Chen Si , Liu Run-Ze , Qin Jian , Xu Mo-Chi , Ge Zhen-Xuan , Chung Tung Hsun , Qiao Yu-Kun , Jiang Yang-fan , Zhong Han-Sen , Chen Ming-Cheng , Wang Hui , He Yuming , Xie Xiu-Ping , Li Hao , You Lixing , Schneider Christian , Yin Juan , Chen Teng-Yun , Benyoucef M , Huo Yongheng , Höfling Sven , Zhang Qiang , Lu Chao-Yang , Pan Jian-Wei
Published: July 2021

In the quest to realize a scalable quantum network, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) offer distinct advantages including high single-photon efficiency and indistinguishability, high repetition rate (tens of GHz with Purcell enhancement), interconnectivity with spin qubits, and a scalable on-chip platform. However, in the past two decades, the visibility of quantum interference between independent QDs rarely went beyond the classical limit of 50% and the distances were limited from a few meters to kilometers. Here, we report quantum interference between two single photons from independent QDs separated by 302 km optical fiber. The single photons are generated from resonantly driven single QDs deterministically coupled to microcavities. Quantum frequency conversions are used to eliminate the QD inhomogeneity and shift the emission wavelength to the telecommunication band. The observed interference visibility is 0.67\pm0.02 (0.93\pm0.04) without (with) temporal filtering. Feasible improvements can further extend the distance to ~600 km. Our work represents a key step to long-distance solid-state quantum networks.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Tinnitus: Pilot Study Protocol for a Randomized Double-Blinded Crossover Trial
Authors: Zwieten Gusta van , Devos Jana V P , Kotz Sonja A , Ackermans Linda , Brinkmann Pia , Dauven Lobke , George Erwin L J , Janssen A. Miranda L , Kremer Bernd , Leue Carsten , Schwartze Michael , Temel Yasin , Smit Jasper V , Janssen Marcus L F
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic tinnitus can have an immense impact on quality of life. Despite recent treatment advances, many tinnitus patients remain refractory to them. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that deep brain stimulation (DBS) is as a promising treatment to suppress tinnitus. The thalamic medial geniculate body (MGB) takes a key position in the tinnitus network, shows pathophysiological hallmarks of tinnitus, and is readily accessible using stereotaxy. This study will evaluate the safety and therapeutic effects of DBS in the MGB in severe tinnitus sufferers.Methods: Bilateral DBS of the MGB will be applied in six patients with severe and refractory tinnitus. A double-blinded, randomized 2x2 crossover design (stimulation ON and OFF) will be applied, followed by a period of six months open label follow-up. The primary focus is to assess safety and feasibility (acceptability). Secondary outcomes assess a potential treatment effect and include tinnitus severity measured by the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), tinnitus loudness and distress, hearing, cognitive and psychological functions, quality of life, and neurophysiological characteristics. Discussion: Whilst carefully balancing risks and benefits and taking ethical considerations into account, this study explores the safety and feasibility of DBS in severe refractory tinnitus, by extensive assessment of clinical and neurophysiological outcome measures. Additionally, important insights in the underlying mechanism of tinnitus and hearing function might be revealed. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03976908 (June 6, 2019)
Influences of Expanding Angles on Extrusion-Shearing-Expansion Processing of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Thin-Walled Tubes
Authors: TIAN Ye , HU Hong jun , LIANG Pengcheng , ZHANG Dingfei , OU Zhongwen
Published: July 2021

To research the influence mechanisms of expanding angles on extrusion-shearing-expansion(ESE) process of AZ31 magnesium alloy thin-walled tubes,the effects of different expanding angles on microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy during extrusion-shear-expansion process have been investigated by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope (SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD).Three expanding angles 130°,140°,150° have been used.The forming loads varying with expanding ratios,and equivalent strains at various expanding angles have been simulated by Deform-3D software.The research results show that the qualities and mechanical properties of the formed tube are satisfactory, and extrusion-shearing-expanding process can refine the grain of AZ31 magnesium alloy thin-walled tubes.The grain sizes decrease with the decrease of expanding angles.When the expanding angle is 140°,the comprehensive mechanical properties are best,and yield strength is 122.3MPa,the tensile strength 288.6MPa,the elongation 15.2%, the texture intense is optimized due to the DRX.The deflections of basal plane for most grains are obvious relative to the extrusion direction(ED).
Concerning an Algorithmic Approach to Euclidian Geometry and Everettian Quantum Theory
Authors: Greenfield Peter
Published: July 2021

We introduce an algorithmic approach to Euclidian geometry6 which provides an experimental framework involving Euclidean constructions and deconstructions thus enabling a foundation2,12 for testing Everett’s interpretation of quantum theory4,5. We contend that the cosmos be modelled as the advance in space time until some event occurs leading to the termination of some phenomenon, in the sense of the algorithmic halting problem14. Our approach involves iterative geometrical constructions using Euclid’s proposition 3 which are equivalent to a Turing machine. Our conjecture is that the postulates of Euclidean geometry, for which we require particular extensions to postulates 2 and 310, are physical principles, and also that our algorithmic approach is identical to quantum theory4,5. We suggest that our conjecture concerning quantum theory and the second law of thermodynamics is that they are mutually dependent, this too being a principle. We suggest a unifying theory for gravitation and sub atomic particles2,7,11,12. We propose a new experiment: the investigation of anomalies in astronomical observations with as example the phenomenon of black holes disappearing when galaxies collide with or without gravitational wave emission8.
Dapagliflozin Restores Diabetes-Associated Decline in Vasculogenic Capacity of Endothelial Progenitor Cells via Activating AMPK-Mediated Inhibition of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Luo Lifang , Dong Bing , Zhang Jianning , Qiu Yumin , Liu Xiaolin , Zhou Zhe , He Jiang , Zhang Xiaoyu , Chen Long , Xia wenhao
Published: July 2021

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) provides added vascular protection beyond glucose lowering to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are an important endogenous repair mechanism for diabetic vascular complications. Yet, whether SGLT2i protect vascular in diabetic patients by improving the function of EPCs remain to be elucidated. Methods: Sixty-three T2DM patients and 60 healthy participants were enrolled, and 15 of T2DM group taken dapagliflozin for 3 months. Retinal capillary density (RCD) and vasculogenic capacity of EPCs in vitro and in vivo were assessed among different groups. Genes related to inflammation/oxidative stress, and the AMPK signaling of EPCs in T2DM were determined before and after dapagliflozin treatment. Results: T2DM demonstrated a declined RCD and impaired vasculogenic capacity of EPCs. There is a linear correlation between RCD and the number of circulating EPCs. The expression of inflammation correlative genes was increased; however, anti-oxidative stress related genes expression was decreased in EPCs form T2DM, which were accompanied with reduced phosphorylation level of AMPK. Dapagliflozin treatment activated AMPK signaling, decreased the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and rescued vasculogenic capacity of EPCs from T2DM. Furthermore, AMPK inhibitor pretreatment diminished the enhancement vasculogenic capacity of diabetic EPCs from dapagliflozin treatment.Conclusions: This study demonstrates for the first time that dapagliflozin restores vasculogenic capacity of EPCs via activating AMPK-mediated inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in T2DM.
Progression Free -survival According to Simpson Grade Resection and Histological Types of Meningiomas in the Mexican Population Progression Free-survival of Meningiomas in the Mexican Population
Authors: Hernández José Omar Santellán , Moreno Daniel Alejandro Vega , Domínguez Héctor Eduardo Velázquez , Nava Alexis Oziel Martínez , Valdés Julio Cesar López , Mora José Raúl Guerra , Torre Abraham Ibarra de la , Rodríguez Víctor Andrés Reyes , Santana Héctor Velázquez , González Ulises García
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, with an incidence of 8.14 per 100,000 habitants. They represent 30% of all adult primary brain tumor diagnoses in the United States in contrast to Latin America with 50%. In Mexico, there are no epidemiological trends of meningiomas or other CNS tumors. Simpson resection grade and WHO grade are the prognostic factors with the greatest effect. In this paper, we describe the correlation between the survival free of disease and the gross total resection with its histological type according to Simpson’s grading scale. Materials and methods: A descriptive, analytical, retrospective, case-control study was conducted in two public third -level hospitals and three second- level hospitals in two cities of Mexico, (Mexico City and Guadalajara, Jalisco in a period of 10 years (2010-2020). An analysis of measures of central tendency was performed for age, sex, location, histological type, and postsurgical Simpson grade.Results: 26 patients of 179 had recurrence. Among the total recurrences, 15.4% were Simpson 1, 69.2%Simpson 2, and 15.4%Simpson 3. The survival for Simpson 1 was 142.0 months, Simpson 2 90.32 months, and Simpson 3 69.13 months. According to the histological type, the meningiomas with the lowest survival were the microcystic ones with 60 months, followed by the atypical ones with 90.4 months, and the psammomatous ones with 99.8 months. Conclusion: Surgical resection and the histological type are factors that affect progression free -survival. The Mexican population presents characteristics similar to those described in world literature.Importance of the study: This is the first study of its kind in the Mexican population and lays the foundations for future studies in the Latin American population.
An MQTT Brokers Distribution Based on Mist Computing for Real-Time IoT Communications
Authors: Hmissi Fatma , Ouni Sofiane
Published: July 2021

As we consider the number of IoT time-sensitive applications , the transfer of data to a remote data center and server such as Cloud, Fog, and Edge becomes inefficient since the deadline constraint is not satisfied. Thus, ensuring that the IoT time-sensitive applications meet their timing constraints is a challenge. Mist Computing is closer to IoT devices, presenting the lowest communication delay but less computational resource than the Cloud, Fog, and Edge. Seeing several IoT devices use MQTT protocol to access the data due to its lightness and flexibility, we propose an architecture for IoT time-sensitive applications based on MQTT protocol and integrating Mist Computing. We focus on distributing the MQTT brokers over Mist nodes to satisfy the deadline constraints with the consideration of the limited resource of Mist nodes. Hence, we propose an approach for the selection of the appropriate MQTT Mist broker. We have also proposed MQTT communication model that provides the M/M/1 based analysis for delay computing and energy conception. The experiment results show that our proposal is very effective for time-sensitive applications and also maximize the lifetime of IoT systems since it minimizes the cumulative energy of the system. Compared to MQTT Edge broker distribution, our solution provides the lesser delay of communication between IoT devices.
Associations Between a rat 5-HT1A Receptor Gene Promoter Region Polymorphism (rs198585630) and Cognitive Alterations Induced by Microwave Exposure
Authors: Li Haijuan , Gao Yu , Zou Yong , Qiao Simo , Zhi Weijia , Xu Xinping , Zhou Hongmei , Ma Lizhen , Wang Lifeng , Hu Xiangjun
Published: July 2021

The nervous system is a sensitive target of electromagnetic radiation. Chronic microwave exposure could induce cognitive deficit and 5-HT system was involved in it. Genetic polymorphisms lead to individual differences. In this study, we evaluated whether the single nucleotide polymorphism rs198585630 of 5-HT1A receptor were associated with cognitive alterations of rats after microwave exposure. The transcriptional activity of 5-HT1A receptor promoter including rs198585630 -C/T allele was detected in vitro study. Electroencephalogram, spatial learning and memory functions, the expressions of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA and protein were evaluated in vivo study. We demonstrated that the transcriptional activity of 5-HT1A receptor promoter including rs198585630-C allele was higher than that of T allele. The transcriptional activity of 5-HT1A receptor promoter was stimulated by 30 mW/cm2 microwave exposure, and the rs198585630-C allele was more sensitive to microwave exposure with a stronger transcriptional activation. Rats carrying rs198585630-C allele presented more expressions of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA and protein, and more susceptible to 30 mW/cm2 microwave exposure which showed cognitive deficits and brain electrical activity inhibition.
Preoperative Score to Stratify Recurrence Risk After Curative Resection of Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jiang Yu , Zou SIYI , Wang Weishen , Chen Haoda , Zhan Qian , Deng Xiaxing , Shen Baiyong
Published: July 2021

Background: Oncological survival after operation of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (R-PDAC) is variable depending on various factors. Preoperative risk stratification could guide decision-making in multidisciplinary treatment concepts. We develop and validate a prognostic score for disease-free survival (DFS) in R-PDAC to solve this issue.Methods: 421 R-PDAC patients between January 2012 and December 2015 were enrolled. Performance of the final model was evaluated with respect to discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness. A prognostic score based on the final model was developed, and external validated in 290 patients.Results: On multivariable analysis, age, tumor size, carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9, CA125, lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, and systemic-immune-inflammation index were independently associated with DFS. Final model had acceptable calibration, discrimination and internal validity. The prognostic score could delineate low- and high-risk groups with median DFS of 19.6 and 10.1 months (P<0.0001). Tumors in high-risk group exhibited more aggressive pathobiological behaviors. Additionally, at 1-year follow-up, the restricted mean survival time was longer with adjuvant chemotherapy than those without in low-risk patients. However, no significant difference was detected in high-risk patients.Discussion: The prognostic score could accurately predict DFS preoperatively in R-PDAC patients and provide reference for risk-adapted strategies formulation for R-PDAC management in the future.
Knee joint angle estimation by sequential correction of gyroscope bias
Authors: SAITO AYUKO , TANZAWA YUTAKA , KIZAWA SATORU
Published: July 2021

Compact and lightweight nine-axis motion sensors have come to be used for motion analysis in a variety of fields such as medical care, welfare, and sports. Nine-axis motion sensors include a three-axis gyroscope, a three-axis accelerometer, and a three-axis magnetometer and can estimate joint angles using the gyroscope outputs. However, the bias of the gyroscope is often unstable depending on the measurement environment and the accuracy of the gyroscope itself, causing error to accumulate in the angle obtained by integrating the gyroscope output. Although several sensor fusions have been proposed for pose estimation, such as using an accelerometer and a magnetometer, sequentially estimating and correcting the bias of the gyroscope are desirable for more accurate pose estimation. In addition, considering accelerations other than the acceleration due to gravity is important for a sensor fusion method that utilizes the accelerometer to correct the gyroscope output. Therefore, in this study, an extended Kalman filter algorithm was developed to sequentially correct both the gyroscope bias and the centrifugal and tangential acceleration of an accelerometer. The gait measurement results indicate that the proposed method successfully suppresses drift in the estimated knee joint angle over the entire measurement time of knee angle measurement during gait. The knee joint angles estimated using the proposed method were generally consistent with results obtained from an optical 3D motion analysis system. The proposed method is expected to be useful for estimating motion in medical care and welfare applications.
A triple-negative breast cancer surrogate subtype classification that correlates with gene expression subtypes
Authors: Yoo Tae-Kyung , Kang Jun , Lee Awon , Chae Byung Joo
Published: July 2021

Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous tumor lacking specific therapeutic targets. Several TNBC classifications have been identified using gene expression profiles, but they are difficult to use in clinical practice. In this study, we have developed a TNBC surrogate subtype classification that represents TNBC subtypes based on the Vanderbilt subtype classification.
Methods
This study included patients who underwent primary curative breast cancer surgery for TNBC between January 2009 and October 2017 at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital. Representative formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks were used for gene expression analysis and tissue microarray construction for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The Vanderbilt subtypes were re-classified into 4 groups: basal-like (BL), mesenchymal-like (M), immunomodulatory (IM) and luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype. After IHC staining, classification and regression tree (CART) modeling was applied to develop a surrogate subtype classification.
Results
A total of 145 patients were included in this study. The study cohort was allocated to the Vanderbilt 4 subtypes as LAR (n = 22, 15.2%), IM (n = 32, 22.1%), M (n = 38, 26.2%), BL (n = 25, 17.2%) and unclassified (n = 28, 19.3%). After excluding nine (6.2%) patients due to poor IHC staining quality, CART modeling was performed. TNBC surrogate subtypes were defined as follows: LAR subtype, androgen receptor Allred score 8; IM subtype, LAR-negative with a tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) score > 70%; M subtype, LAR-negative with a TIL score < 20%; BL subtype, LAR-negative with a TIL score 20–70% and diffuse, strong p16 staining. The study cohort was classified by the surrogate subtypes as LAR (n = 26, 17.9%), IM (n = 21, 14.5%), M (n = 44, 30.3%), BL1 (n = 27, 18.6%) and unclassified (n = 18, 12.4%). The performance of the surrogate subtypes to predict TNBC Vanderbilt 4 subtypes was good with an accuracy of 0.708. Each subtype exhibited distinct clinicopathologic features, and the M subtype showed a significantly worse survival rate than the other subtypes.
Conclusions
In this study, we have developed a TNBC surrogate subtype classification that correlates with the Vanderbilt subtype adopting AR, TIL and p16. The surrogate subtype classification is a practical and accessible diagnostic test, that can be easily applied in clinical practice.
Relationship between large amounts of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don pollen dispersion and cold front passage
Authors: Takahashi Yuichi , Kawashima Shigeto , Suzuki Yusuke , Kakehata Seiji
Published: July 2021

Recently, with the proliferation of automatic Cryptomeria japonica pollen monitors, it has become possible to obtain data measured simultaneously from multiple locations. The KH-3000 monitor used by the Pollen Observation System of the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, “Hanako-san”, and the “Pollen Robo” monitor created by Weathernews Inc. were installed in various places in the Tohoku region for collection of simultaneous pollen count data, and the results indicated that the period of the day when large amounts of C. japonica pollen were dispersed may be related to the passage of a cold front extending from a low pressure system. When the types of pollen dispersed on that day were examined under a microscope, most of them were C. japonica pollen. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the periods of these two events, with transit time of the cold front determined from the point when the wind direction changed from eastward to westward. The area with a high concentration of C. japonica pollen moved from the Sea of Japan side to the Pacific Ocean side in conjunction with the movement of the front. In 40% of the cases, the highest dispersion of C. japonica pollen occurred at the same time as the front passed, and 90% of the cases were within two hours before or after the passage. The number of dispersions was high in the northern part of the Tohoku region close to the low pressure system at the end of the front and low in the southernmost part of the Tohoku region away from this system.
EZH2 Alleviates Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Mice by Reducing H3K27 Trimethylation at the Nrf2 Promoter
Authors: shengfei pei , yang luming , wang lin , gao xuelei , guo yu , li yue , tang qinyan , jia yunpeng , feng fumin
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAnti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ADLI) limits the treatment of tuberculosis. The mechanisms underlying ADLI are unclear and there are no effective preventative measures to avoid this complication. MethodsIn this stuy, the protein contents of EZH2, Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1 were detected by ELISA kit, while those of EZH2 and Nrf2 were determined by Western blot. The Chip experiment was used to detect the level of H3K27me3 in the Nrf2 promoter region.The liver were analyzed histopathologically in vivo using hematoxylin and eosin staining.ResultsHere we developed a murine model of ADLI that recapitulates liver injury in the human disease. Using this model, we investigated the potential involvement of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 methyltransferase (EZH2), a histone methyltransferase which inhibits the transcriptional activation of the Nrf2-ARE oxidative stress pathway. Compared to controls, mice livers with ADLI showed decreased expression of EZH2 together with reduced H3K27me3 marks in the Nrf2 promoter. This was accompanied by increased expression of Nrf2 and its target genes NQO1 and HO-1. Liver injury in the mice with ADLI could be alleviated to an extent by in vivo delivery of siRNAs targeting EZH2, which further downregulated EZH2 expression and H3K27me3 levels in the Nrf2 promoter along with accompanying increases in Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1 expression. ConclusionsTherefore, inhibiting EZH2 likely reduced liver damage in ADLI by enhancing this key anti-oxidative stress pathway. Our results establish a role for EZH2 in a mouse model of ADLI and furthermore provides valuable mechanistic insights into the development of ADLI pathology.
Computational Approach for Covalent Lead Identification against Spike Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Upadhyay Sonal , Dwivedi Harshit , Kumar Anuj , Dubey Pawan K. , Tripathi Anima , Ali Akhtar , Bhushan Ravi
Published: July 2021

Background: A global outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) led researchers to investigate various active compounds that can inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The present work targets to evaluate small covalent synthetic molecules through a virtual screening and docking approach that can efficiently inhibit Spike Glycoprotein of SARS CoV2.Methods: We retrieved around 50,000 small covalent synthetic molecules through the American chemical society (CAS) database. The initial evaluation of these synthetic molecules depends on the ADMET screening. A Lipinski's Rule of Five (RO5) was also applied to find whether the drug met the criteria of good bioavailability. Then, the further selection was made through virtual screening using BIOVIA Discovery Studio. Further, comparison among top hits was performed via a docking approach based on the binding energy (kcal/mol) calculated using the AutoDock Vina plugin and Patch Dock-like docking engines. Finally, the selected top five molecules were compared for their binding efficiency with reference drugs like Favipiravir, Chloroquine, Ribavirin, Hydroxychloroquine (approved by the FDA), and molecules with better binding affinity than reference drugs was selected.Results: In the first tier of selection, 215 molecules were screened out, satisfying all the necessary conditions of RO5 and ADMET. Among 215 molecules screened, only 203 molecules were stable in structure to undergo the second tier of target-based virtual screening. Further, based upon the LibDock score generated by virtual screening, the top five molecules with the highest LibD score were selected. Molecular docking of these five selected compounds reveals compound2 (3-ethyl-5-propyladamantan-1-amine) with the best binding energy. Furthermore, we compared the binding affinity of 3-ethyl-5-propyladamantan-1-amine with reported drugs that show 3-ethyl-5-propyladamantan-1-amine as the most promising ligand efficient hydrogen bond interactions with amino acid residues of protein which provides more excellent stability in the docked region of the protein with efficient binding energy as compared to the reference molecule. Moreover, Compound2 also has a high oral bioavailability, non-mutagenicity, non-toxicity and follows all RO5 criteria.Conclusion: Thus, it has potential as an antiviral covalent synthetic molecule that may prevent the replication of spike protein. These findings are just preliminary selection to facilitate the upcoming tests from in vivo and in vitro studies.
Gender representation in food and beverage print ads found in corner stores around schools in Peru and Guatemala
Authors: Mus Sophia , Rozas Lucila , Barnoya Joaquin , Busse Peter
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to assess gender representation in food and beverage print advertisements.ResultsThe study follows a quantitative descriptive approach. Using a content analysis technique, we assessed the gender representation in 200 food and beverage print advertisements found in corner stores located in four areas around schools in Lima, Peru, and Guatemala City, Guatemala (100 advertisements per country). A total of 36% of the ads exhibited a male main character for the case of Guatemala, while in Peru 14% of the ads presented a male main character. Furthermore, in Guatemala, 22% of the main characters were male animated characters. Moreover, 27% of the ads in Guatemala and 17%, in Peru were visually male-oriented. Overall, male characters appeared alongside sports references and in varied settings, whereas female characters were usually holding or consuming the product. In conclusion, although the majority of variables used to assess the representation of gender in food and beverage print advertisements were gender-neutral, those showing gender representation were mostly male-oriented. Despite its limited findings, the study provides evidence for the formulation of public policies and educational content aimed to protect children’s and adolescents’ health from the effects of food marketing.
Ancient Basketry on the Inside: X-ray Computed Tomography for the Non-destructive Assessment of Small Archaeological Monocotyledonous Fragments. Examples from South-east Europe
Authors: Andonova Mila
Published: July 2021

This study proposes non-destructive assessment instrumentation, being the X-ray CT scanning, for the evaluation of archaeological basketry remains prior to any destructive analysis. There are three case studies, originating from two archaeological sites in South-east Europe, with three different stages of preservation (poor, sufficient and very good). In addition, there are two preservation modes – charring and desiccation – along with two conservation situations: treated and untreated with conservation agent fragments. The three different scenarios were chosen to explore the potential range of CT scanning technology when applied to monocotyledonous small-sized archaeological remains. It was proved that this non-invasive X-ray method is particularly suitable in the case of the often-disadvantaged ancient basketry remains.
Epilepsy stigma among medical students of university of Khartoum
Authors: Taha Baraa Adel Osman , Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla , Elmahi Osman Kamal Osman
Published: July 2021

Background

Epilepsy is defined as having two or more unprovoked seizures, which result from excessive neuronal firing in the brain leading to sudden abnormal movements of the body. Epilepsy, which was known previously as the sacred disease, is still accompanied with stigma, myths, misconceptions that renewed with each age. Our main aim is to Assess epilepsy stigma among medical students, university of Khartoum.
Methodology :

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 331 medical students in University of Khartoum, between January to April 2021. Socio-demographic data of patients were recorded. Knowledge, behavior and reaction of participants towards patients during seizures were assessed.
Results

94% of participants heard about epilepsy. Only 24 respondents weren't familiar with epilepsy. Clinical students’ knowledge was deeper than preclinical students. Belief in supernatural forces as a cause of epilepsy, magic spells and invasion by demons showed no statistically significant difference between clinical and preclinical students. Clinical students’ behavior towards handling seizures correctly more than preclinical students. The majority of responses according relationships with people with epilepsy were positive.
Conclusion & Recommendations :

Medical students of University of Khartoum have good knowledge about epilepsy, as well as good attitude, behavior and relationships with people with epilepsy. More research is obviously required to better understand the roots of epilepsy stigma. Also more studies are needed to show stigma from patient perspective.
CEND1 and GJB6 co-expression as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Rui , Wang Zhan , Ma Dong , Han Yijiang , Liu Junsong , Che Xiangming
Published: July 2021

Background: Perineural invasion is an important mechanism of cancer progression that is not well understood at present. The present study explored the relationship between GJB6, CEND1, and cell-cell communication as regulators of colorectal cancer patient survival and clinicopathological findings.Method: Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess CEND1 and GJB6 expression levels in CRC patient samples, while survival outcomes were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests.Results: Elevated CEND1 expression was associated with tumor location, poor differentiation, and perineural invasion, while GJB6 expression was positively correlated with TNM stage, distant metastasis, and perineural invasion. In addition, GJB6 and CEND1 protein levels were correlated with one another in CRC patient tissues, and high expression of both of these proteins was associated with a higher risk of perineural invasion. CEND1+/GJB6+ status was also associated with poorer patient survival, highlighting both of these proteins as prognostic biomarkers in CRC patients.Conclusion: Elevated levels of CEND1 and GJB6 are independent predictors of poorer CRC patient prognosis.
Anisotropic optical response of gold-silver alloys
Authors: Carvalho Hiago Maurilio Lopes , Dias Mariama Rebello Sousa , Bezerra Anibal Thiago
Published: July 2021

Gold and silver alloys enable novel opportunities for engineering materials with distinct optical responses. Here we investigate the optical properties of gold and silver (Ag x Au 1−x) structures using First-Principle Density Functional Theory (DFT) for gold concentrations varying from 0% up to 100% with steps of 25%. Results of the optical permittivity are analyzed with the independent particle approximation and compared with previously reported theoretical and experimental works. The pure systems and the ones with unbalanced concentrations exhibit isotropic optical responses. The Ag 0.50 Au 0.50 shows an anisotropic response among the y-direction and the xz-direction, mainly in the intraband transition energy range. The anisotropy is elucidated in terms of the d-orbitals density of states and the charge distribution with the structure. The anisotropic optical response can be the origin of the discrepancies among reported experimental results for structures with the same stoichiometry.
Lnc Tmem235 promotes repair of early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by regulating miR-34a-3p/BIRC5 to inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Zhang Fei , Peng Wuxun , Wang Tao , Zhang Jian , Dong Wentao , Wang Chuan , Xie Zhihong , Yan Yanglin
Published: July 2021

Bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been used in the treatment of early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). However, the hypoxic microenvironment in the osteonecrotic area leads to hypoxia-induced apoptosis of transplanted BMSCs, which limits their efficacy. Therefore, approaches that inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs are promising for augmenting the efficacy of BMSC transplantations. Our present study found that under hypoxia, expression of the long non-coding RNA (Lnc), transmembrane protein 235 (Tmem235), was down-regulated, expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein was up-regulated, expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 protein was down-regulated, and the apoptotic rate of BMSCs was over 70%. However, overexpression of Lnc Tmem235 reversed hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs and promoted their survival. These results demonstrated that Lnc Tmem235 effectively inhibited hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs. Mechanistically, we found that Lnc Tmem235 exhibited competitive binding to miR-34a-3p with BIRC5 mRNA, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis; this competitive binding relieved the silencing effect of miR-34a-3p on BIRC5 mRNA to ultimately inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs by promoting the expression of BIRC5. Furthermore, we co-cultured BMSCs overexpressing Lnc Tmem235 with xenogeneic antigen-extracted cancellous bone to construct tissue-engineered bone to repair a model of early SONFH in vitro. The results showed that overexpression of Lnc Tmem235 effectively reduced apoptosis of BMSCs in the hypoxic microenvironment of osteonecrosis and improved the effect of BMSC transplantation. Taken together, our findings elucidate that Lnc Tmem235 inhibited hypoxia-induced apoptosis of BMSCs by regulating the miR-34a-3p/BIRC5 axis, thus improving the transplantation efficacy of BMSCs for treating early SONFH.
COVID-19 Pneumonia Pneumomediastinum. Clinical Cases
Authors: Lesteva N. А. , Аdieva E. V. , Lesina S. S. , Аibazova M. I. , Аbramov K. B. , Sebelev K. I. , Kondratiev А. N.
Published: July 2021

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of viral pneumonia. The prevalence of pneumomediastinum among coronavirus infection patients is unknown.Subjects and methods. Three cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum among the COVID-19 pneumonia patients were analyzed. The researchers investigated and compared clinical, radiological and laboratory data.Results. According to the research results, no correlation was found between the development of pneumomediastinum and changes in values of blood laboratory tests. As well as there were no signs of correlation between drug treatment and pneumomediastinum frequency.Conclusion: The researchers suggest that the leading cause of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is viral pneumonia-associated severe alveolar damage.
Anticoagulant Therapy of Acute Pulmonary Embolism with Right Heart Thrombi
Authors: Аvdeeva N. N. , Sumin S. А. , Tyapina S. V. , Volkova N. А. , Zhabin S. N.
Published: July 2021

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a relatively common vascular disease with potentially life-threatening complications. Right heart thrombi deteriorate the prognosis. Due to the known high lethality, such a clinical situation requires immediate diagnosis and treatment. With the existing different management options for intracardiac blood clots, the optimal one is still uncertain. The article describes the experience of therapeutic and diagnostic tactics in a patient with PE and thrombosis of two right chambers of the heart with a favorable outcome while the conservative approach was used.
Hospitalidad y reciprocidad en ritmo de arrullo. Representaciones trinitarias del amor maternofilial en la canción de cuna de autor conocido
Authors: Di Marco Marina
Published: July 2021

Las canciones de cuna de autor conocido se distinguen por retomar y resignificar aspectos enunciativos y semánticos presentes en el género folklórico. Ello hace que incluso un autor sentado frente a un papel en blanco, sin niños a la vista, siga teniendo en cuenta un contexto propio de la lírica funcional, con una situación cuyo objetivo concreto es dormir al pequeño. Por ello, al abordar las representaciones de amor maternofilial implícitas en obras de este género, resulta productivo tener en cuenta dos correlatos teológicos de este amor, ambos expuestos por Juan Pablo II en Mulieris Dignitatem: uno, el vínculo decisivo entre Cristo, segunda persona de la Trinidad, y la Virgen María; otro, el íntimo engendrar de Dios y su descripción bíblica bajo la imagen del amor materno.
Bajo la consideración de estos ejes, el presente trabajo se propone analizar «Summertime», de George Gerswhin (en su ópera Porgy and Bess, sobre el libreto de Ira Gershwin y DuBose Heyward, 1935) y «Regalitos», de Juan Quintero (en el álbum Después de usted, Buenos Aires, 2013), para distinguir de qué modo la hospitalidad y la reciprocidad trinitarias dejan su huella en el género de la canción de cuna, resignificándose en contextos de dolor.
Religión y política en palabras de Ramon Llull
Authors: Solari Enzo
Published: July 2021

Es capital, en toda la monumental obra de Llull, la forma lingüística de plantear la disputatio interreligiosa y la alegorización política. Todo esto se aprecia en el Llibre del gentil e dels tres savis y en el Llibre de les bèsties, con distintos pero retóricamente eficaces recursos. Esta breve comunicación está dedicada a mostrar la importancia de estas obras para cumplir mediante variadísimos estilos lingüísticos con el sempiterno propósito luliano de argumentar la verdad cristiana y convertir a los que aún no la han aceptado.
NanoKremny effect on the quality of grapes and wines
Authors: Aleinikova Natalia , Peskova Irina , Ostroukhova Elena , Galkina Yevgenia , Didenko Pavel , Probeigolova Polina , Lutkova Nataliya
Published: July 2021

Introduction. There is still an urgent need in viticulture for studying the effect of tank mixtures of pesticides and bioactive substances on Vitis vinifera and, therefore, the quality and composition of wine. We aimed to study the effect of NanoKremny (silicon fertilizer) treatment of the grapevine on the productivity and quality of grape harvest, as well as the quality of dry wines.

Study objects and methods. Grape varieties from three vineyards in Crimea and the wines produced from them. We applied standard methods used in viticulture, plant protection, and oenological practice. Organic acids and volatile components in grapes and wines were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography.

Results and discussion. We found that the most effective use of NanoKremny was threefold at 0.15 L/ha during the periods of active growth and formation of vegetative and generative organs in grapevines. It had a positive effect on vegetative development, water balance, productivity of grape plants, as well as yield quality and quantity. Also, NanoKremny decreased the development of mildew and oidium diseases, preserved the content of titratable acids in grapes during their ripening, as well as accumulated phenolic compounds, tartaric and malic acids in grape berries.

Conclusion. We found no negative effect of NanoKremny treatment of the grapevine on the physicochemical parameters and sensory characteristics of wines. Thus, this preparation can be used as a bioorganic additive in viticulture.