bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is there an association between enhanced choline and β-catenin pathway in breast cancer? A pilot study by MR Spectroscopy and ELISA
Authors: Agarwal Khushbu , Hariprasad Gururao , Rani Komal , Sharma Uma , Mathur Sandeep R. , Seenu Vurthaluru , Parshad Rajinder , Jagannathan Naranamangalam R.
Published: May 2017

Total choline (tCho) was documented as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis by in vivo MRS. To understand the molecular mechanisms behind elevated tCho in breast cancer, an association of tCho with β-catenin and cyclin D1 was evaluated. Hundred fractions from 20 malignant, 10 benign and 20 non-involved breast tissues were isolated. Cytosolic and nuclear expressions of β-catenin and cyclin D1 were estimated using ELISA. Higher tCho was seen in malignant compared to benign tissues. Malignant tissues showed higher cytosolic and nuclear β-catenin expressions than benign and non-involved tissues. Within malignant tissues, β-catenin and cyclin D1 expressions were higher in the nucleus than cytosol. Cyclin D1 expression was higher in the cytosolic fractions of benign and non-involved than malignant tissues. Furthermore, in malignant tissues, tCho showed a positive correlation with the cytosolic and nuclear expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 and also a correlation between nuclear expressions of both these proteins was seen. Higher cytosolic β-catenin expression was seen in progesterone receptor negative than positive patients. Results provide an evidence of correlation between non-invasive biomarker, tCho and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The findings explain the molecular mechanism of tCho elevation which may facilitate exploration of additional therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
IL-27R signaling controls myeloid cells accumulation and antigen-presentation in atherosclerosis
Authors: Peshkova Iuliia O. , Fatkhullina Aliia R. , Mikulski Zbigniew , Ley Klaus , Koltsova Ekaterina K.
Published: May 2017

Myeloid cells, key players in atherosclerosis, take up and present antigens, leading to systemic and local T cell activation. The recruitment and activation of immune cells to the aorta in atherosclerosis is regulated by adhesion molecules, chemokines and cytokines. IL-27R is an immunoregulatory signaling nod in autoimmune and infectious pathologies. IL-27R was shown to suppress T cells activation in atherosclerosis, however it’s possible role in myeloid cell accumulation and activation is not understood. Here we demonstrate thatApoe−/−Il27ra−/−mice fed with “Western Diet” for 7 or 18 weeks developed significantly more atherosclerosis compared toApoe−/−Il27ra+/−controls. Accelerated disease was driven by enhanced expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines causing the accumulation of immune cells. Myeloid cells produced more inflammatory cytokines and upregulated MHCII. Multiphoton microscopy revealed more efficient interactions between aortic myeloid cells and CD4+T cells. Overall, we show that IL-27R signaling controls endothelial cells activation and myeloid cell recruitment at early and advanced stages of atherosclerosis. In the absence of IL-27R myeloid cells become hyperactivated, produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and act as more potent antigen presenting cells. Enhanced interactions betweenIl27ra−/−APC and CD4+T cells in the aortic wall contribute to T cells re-activation and pro-atherogenic cytokine production.
Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium
Authors: Skaaby Tea , Taylor Amy E. , Jacobsen Rikke K. , Paternoster Lavinia , Thuesen Betina H. , Ahluwalia Tarunveer S. , Larsen Sofus C. , Zhou Ang , Wong Andrew , Gabrielsen Maiken E. , Bjørngaard Johan H. , Flexeder Claudia , Männistö Satu , Hardy Rebecca , Kuh Diana , Barry Sarah J. , Tang Møllehave Line , Cerqueira Charlotte , Friedrich Nele , Bonten Tobias N. , Noordam Raymond , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O. , Taube Christian , Jessen Leon E. , McConnachie Alex , Sattar Naveed , Upton Mark N. , McSharry Charles , Bønnelykke Klaus , Bisgaard Hans , Schulz Holger , Strauch Konstantin , Meitinger Thomas , Peters Annette , Grallert Harald , Nohr Ellen A. , Kivimaki Mika , Kumari Meena , Völker Uwe , Nauck Matthias , Völzke Henry , Power Chris , Hyppönen Elina , Hansen Torben , Jørgensen Torben , Pedersen Oluf , Salomaa Veikko , Grarup Niels , Langhammer Arnulf , Romundstad Pål R. , Skorpen Frank , Kaprio Jaakko , R Munafò Marcus , Linneberg Allan
Published: May 2017

Observational studies on smoking and risk of hay fever and asthma have shown inconsistent results. However, observational studies may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma by using the smoking-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16969968/rs1051730. We included 231,020 participants from 22 population-based studies. Observational analyses showed that current vs never smokers had lower risk of hay fever (odds ratio (OR) = 0·68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·61, 0·76; P < 0·001) and allergic sensitization (OR = 0·74, 95% CI: 0·64, 0·86; P < 0·001), but similar asthma risk (OR = 1·00, 95% CI: 0·91, 1·09; P = 0·967). Mendelian randomization analyses in current smokers showed a slightly lower risk of hay fever (OR = 0·958, 95% CI: 0·920, 0·998; P = 0·041), a lower risk of allergic sensitization (OR = 0·92, 95% CI: 0·84, 1·02; P = 0·117), but higher risk of asthma (OR = 1·06, 95% CI: 1·01, 1·11; P = 0·020) per smoking-increasing allele. Our results suggest that smoking may be causally related to a higher risk of asthma and a slightly lower risk of hay fever. However, the adverse events associated with smoking limit its clinical significance.
Kif4A mediate the accumulation and reeducation of THP-1 derived macrophages via regulation of CCL2-CCR2 expression in crosstalking with OSCC
Authors: Zhang Yun , Liu Shaohua , Qu Daiwei , Wang Ketao , Zhang Lin , Jing Xuanxuan , Li Chen , Wei Fengcai , Qu Xun
Published: May 2017

Crosstalk between tumor infiltrating macrophages and tumor cells is thought to play an indispensable role in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) by induction and maintenance of tolerance microenvironment. High infiltration of M2 macrophages and increasing expression of Kinesin family member 4A (Kif4A) in primary OSCC have been proved to correlate with greater tumoral size and poor clinical outcome. However, linkage between Kif4A and infiltrating macrophages in tumorigenesis and progression remains unclear. In the present study, we show that, the interaction between THP-1derived macrophage and OSCC cell line Cal-27 may up-regulate the Kif4A expression in both of them. Additionally, elevated soluble CCL2 in medium and more expression of CCR2 on macrophage were observed during the crosstalk. SiRNA of Kif4A and neutralizing antibody of CCL2 were utilized to identify that; increasing Kif4A can promote the recruitment of macrophages towards Cal-27 and educate them to M2 polarized macrophages via regulating CCL2/CCR2. In combination, the results of the present study may provide interesting clues to understanding the Kif4A-CCL2/CCR2-macrophage axis as a novel therapeutic target to improve the clinical outcome of OSCC.
Treatment effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Shenks in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis through regulation of TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling and oxidative stress
Authors: Chu Haiyan , Shi Ying , Jiang Shuai , Zhong Qicheng , Zhao Yongqiang , Liu Qingmei , Ma Yanyun , Shi Xiangguang , Ding Weifeng , Zhou Xiaodong , Cui Jimin , Jin Li , Guo Gang , Wang Jiucun
Published: May 2017

Pulmonary fibrosis is a kind of devastating interstitial lung disease due to the limited therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices have put forth Shenks as a promising treatment approach. Here, we performedin vivostudy andin vitrostudy to delineate the anti-fibrotic mechanisms behind Shenks treatment for pulmonary fibrosis. We found that regardless of the prophylactic or therapeutic treatment, Shenks was able to attenuate BLM-induced-fibrosis in mice, down regulate extracellular matrix genes expression, and reduce collagen production. The aberrantly high Smad3 phosphorylation levels and SBE activity in TGF-β-induced fibroblasts were dramatically decreased as a result of Shenks treatment. At the same time, Shenks was able to increase the expression of antioxidant-related genes, includingGclcandEc-sod, while reduce the transcription levels of oxidative-related genes, such asRac1andNox4demonstrated by bothin vivoandin vitrostudies. Further investigations found that Shenks could decrease the oxidative productions of protein (3-nitrotyrosine) and lipid (malondialdehyde) and increase GSH content both in bleomycin treated mouse lungs and TGF-β stimulated fibroblasts, as well as inhibit the production of ROS stimulated by TGF-β to fight against oxidative stress. Overall, Shenks inhibited fibrosis by blocking TGF-β pathway and modulating the oxidant/antioxidant balance.
Identification of genetic loci shared between schizophrenia and the Big Five personality traits
Authors: Smeland Olav B. , Wang Yunpeng , Lo Min-Tzu , Li Wen , Frei Oleksandr , Witoelar Aree , Tesli Martin , Hinds David A. , Tung Joyce Y. , Djurovic Srdjan , Chen Chi-Hua , Dale Anders M. , Andreassen Ole A.
Published: May 2017

Schizophrenia is associated with differences in personality traits, and recent studies suggest that personality traits and schizophrenia share a genetic basis. Here we aimed to identify specific genetic loci shared between schizophrenia and the Big Five personality traits using a Bayesian statistical framework. Using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on personality traits in the 23andMe cohort (n = 59,225) and schizophrenia in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium cohort (n = 82,315), we evaluated overlap in common genetic variants. The Big Five personality traits neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness were measured using a web implementation of the Big Five Inventory. Applying the conditional false discovery rate approach, we increased discovery of genetic loci and identified two loci shared between neuroticism and schizophrenia and six loci shared between openness and schizophrenia. The study provides new insights into the relationship between personality traits and schizophrenia by highlighting genetic loci involved in their common genetic etiology.
Tail tubular protein A: a dual-function tail protein of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophage KP32
Authors: Pyra Anna , Brzozowska Ewa , Pawlik Krzysztof , Gamian Andrzej , Dauter Miroslawa , Dauter Zbigniew
Published: May 2017

Tail tubular protein A (TTPA) is a structural tail protein of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophage KP32, and is responsible for adhering the bacteriophage to host cells. For the first time, we found that TTPA also exhibits lytic activity towards capsular exopolysaccharide (EPS) of the multiresistant clinical strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, PCM2713, and thus should be regarded as a dual-function macromolecule that exhibits both structural and enzymatic actions. Here, we present our crystallographic and enzymatic studies of TTPA. TTPA was crystallized and X-ray diffraction data were collected to a resolution of 1.9 Å. In the crystal, TTPA molecules were found to adopt a tetrameric structure with α-helical domains on one side and β-strands and loops on the other. The novel crystal structure of TTPA resembles those of the bacteriophage T7 tail protein gp11 and gp4 of bacteriophage P22, but TTPA contains an additional antiparallel β-sheet carrying a lectin-like domain that could be responsible for EPS binding. The enzymatic activity of TTPA may reflect the presence of a peptidoglycan hydrolase domain in the α-helical region (amino acid residues 126 to 173). These novel results provide new insights into the enzymatic mechanism through which TTPA acts on polysaccharides.
Kinetic interpretation of log-logistic dose-time response curves
Authors: Focke Walter W. , van der Westhuizen Isbe , Musee Ndeke , Loots Mattheüs Theodor
Published: May 2017

A Hill-type time-response curve was derived using a single-step chemical kinetics approximation. The rate expression for the transformation is a differential equation that provides an interpolation formula between the logistic growth curve and second order kinetics. The solution is equivalent to the log-logistic cumulative distribution function with the time constant expressed in terms of a kinetic rate constant. This expression was extended to a full dose-time-response equation by postulating a concentration dependence for the rate constant. This was achieved by invoking a modified form of Haber’s law that connects an observed toxic effect with the concentration of the active agent and the elapsed exposure time. Analysis showed that the concept of Concentration Addition corresponds to a special case where the rate constant for the overall transformation rate is proportional to the sum of the rate constants that apply when the agents act individually. Biodiesel “survival” curves were measured and used to test the applicability of the empirical model to describe the effects of inhibitor dosage and binary inhibitor mixtures. Positive results suggest that the proposed dose-response relationship for the toxicity of agents to organisms can be extended to inanimate systems especially in cases where accurate mechanistic models are lacking.
Prostaglandin E2 inhibits matrix mineralization by human bone marrow stromal cell-derived osteoblasts via Epac-dependent cAMP signaling
Authors: Mirsaidi Ali , Tiaden André N. , Richards Peter J.
Published: May 2017

The osteoinductive properties of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its signaling pathways have led to suggestions that it may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for bone loss. However, the prominence of PGE2 as an inducer of bone formation is attributed primarily to findings from studies using rodent models. In the current study, we investigated the effects of PGE2 on human bone marrow stromal cell (hBMSC) lineage commitment and determined its mode of action. We demonstrated that PGE2 treatment of hBMSCs significantly altered the expression profile of several genes associated with osteoblast differentiation (RUNX2 and ALP) and maturation (BGLAP and MGP). This was attributed to the activation of specific PGE2 receptors, and was associated with increases in cAMP production and sustained AKT phosphorylation. Pharmacological inhibition of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), but not protein kinase A (PKA), recovered the mineralization functions of hBMSC-derived osteoblasts treated with PGE2 and restored AKT phosphorylation, along with the expression levels of RUNX2, ALP, BGLAP and MGP. Our findings therefore provide insights into how PGE2 influences hBMSC-mediated matrix mineralization, and should be taken into account when evaluating the role of PGE2 in human bone metabolism.
Modern pollen data from the Canadian Arctic, 1972–1973
Authors: Nichols Harvey , Stolze Susann
Published: May 2017

This data descriptor reports results of a 1972–73 baseline study of modern pollen deposition in the Canadian Arctic to originally aid interpretation of Holocene pollen diagrams from that region, especially focussed on the arctic tree-line. The data set is geographically unique due to its extent, and allows the assessment of the effects of modern climate change on northern ecosystems, including fluctuations of the a arctic tree-line. Repeated sampling was conducted along an interior transect at 29 sites from the Boreal Forest to the High Arctic, with five additional coastal sites covering a total distance of 3,200 km. Static pollen samplers captured both local pollen and long-distance pollen wind-blown from the Boreal Forest. Moss and lichen polsters provided multi-year pollen fallout to assess the effectiveness of the static pollen samplers. The local vegetation was recorded at each site. This descriptor provides information on data archived at the World Data Center PANGAEA, which includes spreadsheets detailing site and sample information as well as raw and processed pollen data obtained on over 500 samples.
A resource on latitudinal and altitudinal clines of ecologically relevant phenotypes of the Indian Drosophila
Authors: Rajpurohit Subhash , Zhao Xiaqing , Schmidt Paul S.
Published: May 2017

The unique geography of the Indian subcontinent has provided diverse natural environments for a variety of organisms. In this region, many ecological indices such as temperature and humidity vary predictably as a function of both latitude and altitude; these environmental parameters significantly affect fundamental dynamics of natural populations. Indian drosophilids are diverse in their geographic distribution and climate tolerance, possibly as a result of climatic adaptation. These associations with environmental parameters are further reflected in a large number of clines that have been reported for various fitness traits along these geographical ranges. This unique amalgamation of environmental variability and genetic diversity make the subcontinent an ecological laboratory for studying evolution in action. We assembled data collected over the last 20 years on the geographical clines for various phenotypic traits in several species of drosophilids and present a web-resource on Indian-Drosophila(http://www.indian-drosophila.org/). The clinal data on ecologically relevant phenotypes of Indian drosophilids will be useful in addressing questions related to future challenges in biodiversity and ecosystems in this region.
First Characterisation of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Banana Plants
Authors: Berhal Chadi , De Clerck Caroline , Fauconnier Marie-Laure , Levicek Carolina , Boullis Antoine , Kaddes Amine , Jijakli Haïssam M. , Verheggen François , Massart Sébastien
Published: May 2017

Banana (Musa sp.) ranks fourth in term of worldwide fruit production, and has economical and nutritional key values. The Cavendish cultivars correspond to more than 90% of the production of dessert banana while cooking cultivars are widely consumed locally around the banana belt production area. Many plants, if not all, produce Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) as a means of communication with their environment. Although flower and fruit VOCs have been studied for banana, the VOCs produced by the plant have never been identified despite their importance in plant health and development. A volatile collection methodology was optimized to improve the sensitivity and reproducibility of VOCs analysis from banana plants. We have identified 11 VOCs for the Cavendish, mainly (E,E)-α-farnesene (87.90 ± 11.28 ng/μl), methyl salicylate (33.82 ± 14.29) and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (29.60 ± 11.66), and 14 VOCs for the Pacific Plantain cultivar, mainly (Z,E)-α-farnesene (799.64 ± 503.15), (E,E)-α-farnesene (571.24 ± 381.70) and (E) β ocimene (241.76 ± 158.49). This exploratory study paves the way for an in-depth characterisation of VOCs emitted by Musa plants.
Erratum: Biotemplating pores with size and shape diversity for Li-oxygen Battery Cathodes
Authors: Oh Dahyun , Ozgit-Akgun Cagla , Akca Esin , Thompson Leslie E. , Tadesse Loza F. , Kim Ho-Cheol , Demirci Gökhan , Miller Robert D. , Maune Hareem
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 45919; published online: 04 April 2017; updated: 16 May 2017. The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Cagla Ozgit-Akgun, which was incorrectly given as Çagla Ozgit-Akgun. This error has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Integrating qualitative and quantitative assessments of Yougui pill, an effective traditional Chinese medicine, by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MSnand UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS
Authors: Liu Haolong , Qiu Feng , Bian Baolin , Yang Xinwei , Zou Haiyan , Zhao Hui , Chen Zhenzhen , Wang Qingsong , Zhao Haiyu , Wang Lei
Published: May 2017

Yougui pill (YGP) is a well-known Chinese medicine formula with definite clinical effects on kidney-yang deficiencies such as infertility.
Screen-printed graphene-based electrochemical sensors for a microfluidic device
Authors: Karuwan C. , Wisitsoraat A. , Chaisuwan P. , Nacapricha D. , Tuantranont A.
Published: May 2017

This work presents a new method for mass fabrication of a new microfluidic device with integrated graphene-based electrochemical electrodes by the screen printing technique for in-channel amperometric detection.
A label-free ratiometric electrochemical DNA sensor for monitoring intracellular redox homeostasis
Authors: Liu Xinping , Yan Zhengqing , Sun Yuhuan , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang
Published: May 2017

A label-free ratiometric electrochemical determination of GSH by DNA metallization-mediated HCR amplification is reported.
Systematic study of the impact of MOF densification into tablets on textural and mechanical properties
Authors: Dhainaut J. , Avci-Camur C. , Troyano J. , Legrand A. , Canivet J. , Imaz I. , Maspoch D. , Reinsch H. , Farrusseng D.
Published: May 2017

Densification process of MOF powders (HKUST-1, UiO-66, UiO-66-NH2, and UiO-67) into mechanically resistant pellets with maintained microporosity and enhanced volumetric uptake.
Molecular and crystalline architectures based on HgI2: from metallamacrocycles to coordination polymers
Authors: Mahmoudi Ghodrat , Zangrando Ennio , Bauzá Antonio , Maniukiewicz Waldemar , Carballo Rosa , Gurbanov Atash V. , Frontera Antonio
Published: May 2017

We report the synthesis and X-ray characterization of three metallamacrocycles and one coordination polymer obtained by using coordination driven self-assembly of the HgI2 salt with four different ligands.
Factors affecting bubble size in ionic liquids
Authors: Taylor Sarah F. R. , Brittle Stuart A. , Desai Pratik , Jacquemin Johan , Hardacre Christopher , Zimmerman William A.
Published: May 2017

Bubble behaviour of 11 ionic liquids was studied and the relationship of bubble size, physical properties and structure was examined.
Kinetics of the electrochemically-assisted deposition of sol–gel films
Authors: Liu Liang , Walcarius Alain
Published: May 2017

This is the first report on the kinetics of the electrochemically-assisted deposition of sol–gel films, which is a typical indirect electrodeposition process.
Impulsive laser-induced alignment of OCS molecules at FERMI
Authors: Di Fraia Michele , Finetti Paola , Richter Robert , Prince Kevin C. , Wiese Joss , Devetta Michele , Negro Matteo , Vozzi Caterina , Ciriolo Anna G. , Pusala Aditya , Demidovich Alexander , Danailov Miltcho B. , Karamatskos Evangelos T. , Trippel Sebastian , Küpper Jochen , Callegari Carlo
Published: May 2017

OCS full rotational revival dynamics induced by impulsive NIR alignment monitored by Coulomb explosion correlated fragments after S 2p excitation.
Three-level hierarchical superhydrophobic Cu–Zn coating on a steel substrate without chemical modification for self-cleaning property
Authors: Li Hao , Yu Sirong
Published: May 2017

A superhydrophobic Cu–Zn coating was fabricated on a steel surface by facile one-step electrodeposition, without being chemically modified by a low surface energy material.
Gas-phase reactivity of Cp* group IX metal complexes bearing aromatic N,N′-chelating ligands
Authors: Kerner Christian , Neu Jens P. , Gaffga Maximilian , Lang Johannes , Oelkers Benjamin , Sun Yu , Niedner-Schatteburg Gereon , Thiel Werner R.
Published: May 2017

Compounds of the type [(η5-Cp*)M(Cl)(N,N′)]+bearingN,N′-coordinating ligands show different modes of HCl cleavage depending on the nature of theN,N′-chelate ligand and the metal center.
Point-defect-induced colossal dielectric behavior in GaAs single crystals
Authors: Zhu M. , Zhang N. , Wang H. , Li Y. D. , Huang S. G. , Li Q. J. , Yu Y. , Guo Y. M. , Liu X. L. , Wang C. C.
Published: May 2017

We herein reported colossal dielectric constant (CDC) behavior in GaAs single crystals.
A high-performance TiO2nanowire UV detector assembled by electrospinning
Authors: Wang Yuting , Cheng Jing , Shahid Muhammad , Zhang Mengfei , Pan Wei
Published: May 2017

A transparent, flexible and high-performance TiO2ultraviolet sensor has been fabricated by electrospinning.
Transition-metal-free PhI(OAc)2-promoted highly selective hydroboration of terminal alkynes under air
Authors: Chen Suyuan , Yang Lu , Yi Dong , Fu Qiang , Zhang Zhijie , Liang Wu , Zhang Qiang , Ji Jianxin , Wei Wei
Published: May 2017

A new transition-metal-free PhI(OAc)2-promoted highly selective hydroboration of terminal alkynes with bis(pinacolato)diboron has been developed at room temperature under air.
Discovery of new BTK inhibitors with B cell suppression activity bearing a 4,6-substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine scaffold
Authors: Zhang Qiumeng , Zhang Luyao , Yu Jie , Li Heng , He Shijun , Tang Wei , Zuo Jianping , Lu Wei
Published: May 2017

Seventeen compounds with 4,6-substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine scaffold were prepared as new Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Compound8exhibits anti-BTK activity, immunosuppressive activity, enzymatic selectivity and low toxicity.
Concentration-dependent self-assembly structures of an amphiphilic perylene diimide with tri(ethylene glycol) substituents at bay positions
Authors: Wang Xin , Zeng Ting , Nourrein Mohamed , Lai Bo-Han , Shen Kaiwen , Wang Chien-Lung , Sun Bin , Zhu Meifang
Published: May 2017

The study provides a mild reaction condition to prepare an amphiphilic perylene diimide, and revealed the critical role of lateral H-bond in the abundant concentration-dependent self-assembly morphologies of the molecule.
Engineering microbial physiology with synthetic polymers: cationic polymers induce biofilm formation inVibrio choleraeand downregulate the expression of virulence genes
Authors: Perez-Soto Nicolas , Moule Lauren , Crisan Daniel N. , Insua Ignacio , Taylor-Smith Leanne M. , Voelz Kerstin , Fernandez-Trillo Francisco , Krachler Anne Marie
Published: May 2017

Here we report the first application of non-bactericidal synthetic polymers to modulate the physiology of a bacterial pathogen.
Determination of the absolute configuration of compounds bearing chiral quaternary carbon centers using the crystalline sponge method
Authors: Sairenji Shiho , Kikuchi Takashi , Abozeid Mohamed Ahmed , Takizawa Shinobu , Sasai Hiroaki , Ando Yuichiro , Ohmatsu Kohsuke , Ooi Takashi , Fujita Makoto
Published: May 2017

The absolute configuration of organic compounds bearing chiral quaternary carbons is determined by the crystalline sponge method.
Criegee intermediate-hydrogen sulfide chemistry at the air/water interface
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Zhong Jie , Francisco Joseph S. , Zeng Xiao C.
Published: May 2017

We carry out Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamic simulations to show that the reaction between the smallest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at the air/water interface can be observed within few picoseconds.
Balancing the chemisorption and charge transport properties of the interlayer in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Yang Liuqing , Li Guochun , Jiang Xi , Zhang Tianran , Lin Haibin , Lee Jim Yang
Published: May 2017

This work improves the performance of Li–S batteries by balancing the chemisorption and charge transport properties of the interlayer.
One-step extended strategy for the ionic liquid-assisted synthesis of Ni3S4–MoS2heterojunction electrodes for supercapacitors
Authors: Luo Wenhao , Zhang Guofeng , Cui Yingxue , Sun Yan , Qin Qing , Zhang Jing , Zheng Wenjun
Published: May 2017

A Ni3S4–MoS2heterojunction was successfully prepared with the assistance of an ionic liquid in one step, and it showed high performance as a supercapacitor electrode. This synthesis strategy can be applied to prepare other MxSy–MoS2heterojunctions.
Highly selective aerobic oxidation of biomass alcohol to benzaldehyde by an in situ doped Au/TiO2 nanotube photonic crystal photoanode for simultaneous hydrogen production promotion
Authors: Wu Zhongyi , Wang Jie , Zhou Zhaoyu , Zhao Guohua
Published: May 2017

Highly selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol for simultaneous hydrogen production promotion with solar-driven dual photoelectrode photoelectrochemical cell.
Solvent-driven actuators based on soft Janus films of homogeneous composition
Authors: Fu Qi , Zhang Hongbin , Wang Zhengmu , Chiao Mu
Published: May 2017

A Janus PDMS film with quick bending responsiveness to solvents shows great potential as a solvent-driven actuator for numerous applications.
Topology dictates function: controlled ROS production and mitochondria accumulation via curved carbon materials
Authors: Liu Sihui , Lu Di , Wang Xinchang , Ding Dan , Kong Deling , Wang Zheng , Zhao Yanjun
Published: May 2017

Curvature-induced dipole moment can induce ROS production and mitochondrial accumulation.
One-step fabrication of CdS:Mo–CdMoO4core–shell nanoribbons for nonvolatile memory devices with high resistance switching
Authors: Zheng Ni , Shao Zhibin , Xia Feifei , Jiang Tianhao , Wu Xiaofeng , Zhang Xiujuan , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiaohong
Published: May 2017

A one-step fabrication of CdS:Mo–CdMoO4core–shell nanoribbons (NR) was achieved for applications in high performance nano-field-effect transistor (FET)-based nonvolatile memory (NVM) device.
Auditory Processing of Older Adults With Probable Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Edwards Jerri D. , Lister Jennifer J. , Elias Maya N. , Tetlow Amber M. , Sardina Angela L. , Sadeq Nasreen A. , Brandino Amanda D. , Harrison Bush Aryn L.
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Studies suggest that deficits in auditory processing predict cognitive decline and dementia, but those studies included limited measures of auditory processing. The purpose of this study was to compare older adults with and without probable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) across two domains of auditory processing (auditory performance in competing acoustic signals and temporal aspects of audition).

Method

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Nasreddine et al., 2005) was used to classify participants as with or without probable MCI. In this cross-sectional study, participants (n= 79) completed 4 measures of auditory processing: Synthetic Sentence Identification with Ipsilateral Competing Message (Gates, Beiser, Rees, D'Agostino, & Wolf, 2002), Dichotic Sentence Identification (Fifer, Jerger, Berlin, Tobey, & Campbell, 1983), Adaptive Tests of Temporal Resolution (ATTR; Lister & Roberts, 2006; across-channel and within-channel subtests), and time-compressed speech (Wilson, 1993; Wilson, Preece, Salamon, Sperry, & Bornstein, 1994). Audiometry was also conducted.

Results

Those with probable MCI had significantly poorer performance than those without MCI on Synthetic Sentence Identification with Ipsilateral Competing Message, Dichotic Sentence Identification, and the ATTR within-channel subtest. No group differences were found for time-compressed speech, ATTR across-channel, or audiometric measures.

Conclusions

Older adults with cognitive impairment not only have difficulty with competing acoustic signals but may also show poor temporal processing. The profile of auditory processing deficits among older adults with cognitive impairment may include multiple domains.
Build‐in wiretap channel I with feedback and LDPC codes by soft decision decoding
Authors: Zhang Gaoyuan , Wen Hong , Pu Jiexin , Tang Jie
Published: May 2017

Many approaches to build a wiretap channel (WTC) by multi‐input multi‐output system have been introduced. Different from those approaches, the authors propose a feedback method combined with the low‐density parity‐check (LDPC) codes for building the WTC I (WTC‐I) to achieve unconditional security under single‐input single‐output system by the soft decision decoding. The novel approach establishes the WTC‐I on both the binary symmetric channel and binary input additive white Gaussian noise channel. In order to keep the eavesdropper be fully ignorant about the secret information, randomness is added to the feedback signals from the destination by taking advantage of feedback. In addition, the message to be sent is encoded by the LDPC codes such that it can be correctly decoded by a legitimate receiver. Furthermore, the secret information transmission capacity can be improved by the soft decision decoding.
Effect of absorbing and non‐diffracting particles in UWOC links
Authors: Guerra Victor , Rabadan Jose , Perez‐Jimenez Rafael , Rufo Julio
Published: May 2017

Underwater wireless optical communications (UWOCs) are subject to several phenomena related to light‐matter interaction. Scattering due to particles and turbulences are factors that have been well studied in the last few years. However, for shallow‐water links based on non‐coherent sources as light emitting diodes, the impact of particles with higher dimensions that do not produce neither scattering nor diffraction has not been studied yet. In this work, a geometrical model to provide an estimation tool for shallow‐water scenarios is presented. In this type of links, the emitter must be analysed as an extended source, since the effect of light‐blocking particles cannot be correctly modelled using the traditional point‐source approximation. The obtained results suggest that the effect of this kind of particles is large enough so as to take them into account when modelling UWOC links. The effect of these particles on the quality of the received optical signal depends on their size, concentration and other parameters such as the link's range and the endpoints’ surfaces. Some interesting conclusions are extracted such as the existence of an optimal emission area.
Tunable linearity enhancement for 180 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor LNA with active feedback
Authors: Khaleel Farooq Abdulghafoor , Abbas Mohammed Nadhim
Published: May 2017

The authors present a tunable linearity improvement of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor low‐noise amplifier (LNA) using derivative superposition method and an active MOS field‐effect transistor feedback transistor. The proposed LNA achieves a third‐order input intercept point (IIP3) of 21 dBm, 9.43 dB gain, and 2.4 dB minimum noise figure. In addition, the proposed LNA method dissipates 28.4 mW supplied from 1.8 V voltage source. The proposed LNA provides flexibility to tune the power dissipation and linearity according to the work environment. They perform the simulation with keysight ADS2016.01 software utilising 180 nm TSMC model files.
Distribution of long-period comets: comparison between simulations and observations
Authors: Fouchard M. , Rickman H. , Froeschlé Ch. , Valsecchi G. B.
Published: May 2017

Aims. This paper is devoted to a comparison between observations and simulations of the so-called Oort spike formed by the “new” observable long-period comets.

Methods. The synthetic distributions of observable comets come from the propagation of a huge sample of objects during the age of the solar system that were initially in a proto-Oort cloud, which was flattened around the ecliptic and had perihelia in the region of Uranus and Neptune. For the known new long-period comets, two samples were used, one that is assumed to be complete, and the comets of the other exclusively come from the Warsaw catalog of comets. The original orbital energy of the comets in this catalog is more reliable.

Results. Considering comets with a perihelion distance smaller than 4 AU, for which one of our samples of known comets can be assumed to be complete, the comparison shows small but significant differences in the orbital energy distribution and in the proportion of retrograde comets. When we extend the limiting perihelion distance to 10 AU, the observed samples are obviously strongly incomplete. The synthetic distribution showsthat the number of observable comets per year and per perihelion distance unit is ∝q1.09 for q< 4 AU and ∝q2.13 for 6 <q< 10 AU. The increase for q> 6 AU comes from comets that were already within the Jupiter-Saturn barrier (q< 15 AU) at their previous perihelion passage (which we call creepers and Kaib and Quinn creepers), with original semi-major axes generally smaller than 20 000 AU.

Conclusions. To explain the small but significant differences between our synthetic sample and the known comets for a perihelion distance smaller than 4 AU, different hypotheses are proposed: a still erroneous value of the original orbital energy in the observed sample, a higher density of low-mass stars in the actual solar neighborhood, a ninth planet, and obviously the initial population of objects from which the synthetic distributions are derived.
Stellar streams as gravitational experiments
Authors: Thomas Guillaume F. , Famaey Benoit , Ibata Rodrigo , Lüghausen Fabian , Kroupa Pavel
Published: May 2017

Tidal streams of disrupting dwarf galaxies orbiting around their host galaxy offer a unique way to constrain the shape of galactic gravitational potentials. Such streams can be used as “leaning tower” gravitational experiments on galactic scales. The most well-motivated modification of gravity proposed as an alternative to dark matter on galactic scales is Milgromian dynamics (MOND), and we present here the first ever N-body simulations of the dynamical evolution of the disrupting Sagittarius dwarf galaxy in this framework. Using a realistic baryonic mass model for the Milky Way, we attempt to reproduce the present-day spatial and kinematic structure of the Sagittarius dwarf and its immense tidal stream that wraps around the Milky Way. With very little freedom on the original structure of the progenitor, constrained by the total luminosity of the Sagittarius structure and by the observed stellar mass-size relation for isolated dwarf galaxies, we find reasonable agreement between our simulations and observations of this system. The observed stellar velocities in the leading arm can be reproduced if we include a massive hot gas corona around the Milky Way that is flattened in the direction of the principal plane of its satellites. This is the first time that tidal dissolution in MOND has been tested rigorously at these mass and acceleration scales.
Spin dynamics of close-in planets exhibiting large transit timing variations
Authors: Delisle J.-B. , Correia A. C. M. , Leleu A. , Robutel P.
Published: May 2017

We study the spin evolution of close-in planets in compact multi-planetary systems. The rotation period of these planets is often assumed to be synchronous with the orbital period due to tidal dissipation. Here we show that planet-planet perturbations can drive the spin of these planets into non-synchronous or even chaotic states. In particular, we show that the transit timing variation (TTV) is a very good probe to study the spin dynamics, since both are dominated by the perturbations of the mean longitude of the planet. We apply our model to KOI-227 b and Kepler-88 b, which are both observed undergoing strong TTVs. We also perform numerical simulations of the spin evolution of these two planets. We show that for KOI-227 b non-synchronous rotation is possible, while for Kepler-88 b the rotation can be chaotic.
Resource allocation problem under single resource assignment
Authors: Mondal Sakib A.
Published: May 2017

We consider a NP-hard resource allocation problem of allocating a set of resources to meet demands over a time period at the minimum cost. Each resource has a start time, finish time, availability and cost. The objective of the problem is to assign resources to meet the demands so that the overall cost is minimum. It is necessary that only one resource contributes to the demand of a slot. This constraint will be referred to as single resource assignment (SRA) constraint. We would refer to the problem as the S_RA problem. So far, only 16-approximation to this problem is known. In this paper, we propose an algorithm with approximation ratio of 12.
Early Postoperative Endoscopy for Evaluation of the Anastomosis after Esophageal Reconstruction
Authors: Lin Tzu-Hsin , Huang Pei-Ming
Published: May 2017

Background Anastomotic leaks significantly affect hospital stay after esophageal surgery. Here, we investigated the efficacy of early endoscopy for predicting anastomotic healing and leaks after esophageal reconstruction.

Methods A total of 65 consecutive esophageal cancer patients treated by cervical esophagogastrostomy underwent routine endoscopy between postoperative days 5 and 7. The anastomosis was scored for the degree of ischemia, stenosis, and torsion of the anastomotic axis. Independent associations between ischemia, stenosis, and torsion of the proximal esophagus and the risk of the anastomotic leak were examined using Spearman's rank correlation method.

Results Assessment of the degree of mucosal ischemia in 65 patients shows well healing in 35, patch ischemia in 20, diffuse ischemia in 10, no necrosis in any patient. Stenosis was classified as 0 to 10% in 40 patients, 11 to 20% in 12, 21 to 80% in 11, and 81 to 100% in 2. The degree of torsion of the anastomotic axis was classified as 0 to 10 degrees in 52 patients, 11 to 90 degrees in 8, and 91 to 180 degrees in 5. With rising endoscopy scores, there was an increase in risk for leaks (score > 4.5, sensitivity 100%, and specificity 83.8%).

Conclusions Early postoperative endoscopy facilitates the management of esophagogastrostomy anastomosis to predict leaks.
Significance of Scapholunate Gap Width as Measured by Probe from Midcarpal
Authors: Erne Holger , Strobl Ute , Unglaub Frank , Spies Christian , Löw Steffen
Published: May 2017

Background Geissler's classification is widely accepted in arthroscopic diagnostics of scapholunate (SL) ligament injury. Thereby, probe insertion into the SL gap from the midcarpal would indicate treatment necessity in patients with SL tear as seen from radiocarpal view.

Purpose In this review, the SL gap width, examined by the probe from midcarpal, was arthroscopically assessed in patients with intact SL ligaments, who were treated for ulnar impaction syndrome. The review examined how often lax SL joints can be found in patients with no complaints with respect to the SL ligaments and in which the SL ligaments were proven to be intact from radiocarpal view. We suspected that probe insertion, as an indicator for a lax joint, does not affect the outcome in ulnar impaction treatment.

Patients and Methods A total of 32 patients with clinically diagnosed ulnar impaction syndrome were arthroscopically treated by central resection and debridement of the triangular fibrocartilage; 8 patients underwent concurrent ulnar shortening, and 4 of them finally hardware removal. All patients were examined preoperatively as well as after 3, 6, and 12 months following arthroscopy, respectively, after ulnar shortening or hardware removal.

Results In 14 patients, the probe could not, in 18 patients, the probe could be inserted into the SL gap. There was neither any significant difference in the improvement of pain, grip strength, Krimmer, or DASH score, nor for any of the radiographic angles between the two groups.

Conclusion Laxity of the SL ligament allows the probe to be inserted into the SL gap from midcarpal in some patients. This finding, therefore, does not necessarily imply the necessity of treatment when there is partial rupture seen from radiocarpal view.

Level of Evidence Level III, case–control study.
Low Fibrinogen Is Associated with Increased Bleeding-Related Re-exploration after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Essa Yasin , Zeynalov Natig , Sandhaus Tim , Hofmann Michael , Lehmann Thomas , Doenst Torsten
Published: May 2017

Background Re-exploration after cardiac surgery remains a relatively frequent complication associated with adverse effects on outcome. We aimed to identify risk factors for re-exploration.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed 2,403 patients having undergone cardiac surgical procedure between January 2013 and December 2014. Re-exploration was required in 114 patients (4.7%). Patients with oral anticoagulation, infective endocarditis, or a clearly identified bleeding source were excluded. Therefore, 42 patients remained for analysis. A matched cohort was selected for age, sex, ejection fraction, creatinine, and procedure out of the non–re-explored patients.

Results Demographic data were similar in both groups, except for a higher prevalence of diabetes (45 vs. 21%; p = 0.036) in the non–re-explored patients. Surgery was elective in two-thirds and preoperative plasma fibrinogen concentration was lower in patients requiring re-exploration (2.8 ± 0.9 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 g/L; p = 0.002). During the initial operation, re-explored patients received more packed red blood cells (1.5 ± 3 vs. 0 ± 1 units; p < 0.001), Postoperatively, re-explored patients had higher lactate levels (1.7 ± 1.4 vs. 1.3 ± 0.6 mmol/L, p = 0.044), more chest tube drainage (1,245 ± 948 vs. 685 ± 413 mL; p < 0.001), higher hospital mortality (19 vs. 7%; p = 0.19), and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stays (8 ± 8 vs. 4 ± 7 days; p = 0.010). In addition, more fibrinogen was administrated during the initial surgery. Plasma fibrinogen concentration upon arrival at the ICU was lower in patients requiring re-exploration (2 ± 0.6 vs. 2.7 ± 0.7 g; p < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression analysis identified fibrinogen upon arrival at the ICU as an independent predictor of postoperative bleeding.

Conclusion Cardiac surgery patients with low perioperative plasma fibrinogen concentration appear to be more susceptible to bleeding and re-exploration. Re-exploration in this group of patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
Stationärer Therapieerfolg bei Patientinnen mit Anorexia Nervosa und komorbiden Persönlichkeitsstörungen
Authors: Link Timo , Beermann Ursula , Mestel Robert , Gander Manuela
Published: May 2017

Einleitung Persönlichkeitsstörungen (PS) stellen häufige komorbide Erkrankungen bei Patientinnen mit Anorexia Nervosa (AN) dar. Die neusten internationalen Forschungsergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass diese mit einem schlechteren Genesungs- und Therapieverlauf gerade bei AN in Zusammenhang stehen. Bisherige Studien zu diesem Thema differenzierten bislang jedoch nicht zwischen Personen unterschiedlicher Altersgruppen.

Fragestellungen Aus diesem Grund widmet sich die vorliegende Untersuchung (1) der Prävalenz von komorbiden PS, (2) der Therapieabbruchsrate sowie (3) der Gewichtszunahme während des Therapieverlaufs bei weiblichen stationären Patientinnen mit AN für 3 gesonderte Alterskategorien (17–24; 25–34; 35–65 Jahre).

Material & Methoden Die Stichprobe umfasste 331 stationäre Patientinnen mit AN an der Helios Klinik in Bad Grönenbach in Deutschland. Zu Beginn und am Ende der Therapie wurde das Gewicht gemessen sowie eine Testbatterie bestehend aus der psychotherapeutisch-medizinischen Basisdokumentation und dem Eating Disorders Inventory-2 bearbeitet. Die Diagnosen von Persönlichkeitsstörungen wurden durch geschulte Therapeuten, unter den Richtlinien der kategorisierten Störungsbilder der ICD-10, erhoben.

Ergebnisse Patientinnen mit AN wiesen insgesamt eine Prävalenz von 34% für eine oder mehrere komorbide PS auf. Interessant war, dass Patientinnen zwischen 17 und 24 Jahren mit 22% eine deutlich geringere Rate an PS zeigten als jene zwischen 25–34 Jahren (42%) sowie jene mit 35–65 Jahren (41%). Des Weiteren konnten wir zeigen, dass Patientinnen eher eine Therapie abbrachen, wenn sie jünger waren und eine komorbide PS aufwiesen. Während der Therapie nahmen die jüngsten AN Patientinnen ohne PS am meisten zu und mit zunehmendem Alter sank diese Differenz graduell ab. Dieses Muster konnte bei Patientinnen mit einer komorbiden PS nicht mehr beobachtet werden, da bei diesen die höchste Gewichtszunahme zwischen 25 und 34 Jahren zu verzeichnen war.

Schlussfolgerungen Unsere Ergebnisse unterstützen die Hypothese, dass komorbide PS möglicherweise auch einen schlechten Prognosefaktor darstellen können. Zukünftige Studien, welche sich der dimensionalen Einstufung von Persönlichkeitspathologien bedienen und weitere Faktoren wie bspw. das Ausmaß der sozialen Unterstützung miteinbeziehen, stellen eine wichtige Grundlage für störungsspezifische Interventionen für diese Patientengruppen dar.