bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prenatal murine skeletogenesis partially recovers from absent skeletal muscle as development progresses
Authors:   School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin 4, Ireland, Sotiriou V , Huang Y , Ahmed S , Isaksson H , Nowlan NC
Published: November 2022

Skeletal muscle contractions are critical for normal skeletal growth and morphogenesis but it is unclear how the detrimental effects of absent muscle on the bones and joints change over time. Joint shape and cavitation as well as rudiment length and mineralisation were assessed in multiple rudiments at two developmental stages [Theiler stage (TS)24 and TS27] in the splotch-delayed “muscle-less limb” mouse model and littermate controls. Chondrocyte morphology was quantified in 3D in the distal humerus at the same stages. As development progressed, the effects of absent muscle on all parameters except for cavitation become less severe. All major joints in muscle-less limbs were abnormally shaped at TS24, while, by TS27, most muscle-less limb joint shapes were normal or nearly normal. In contrast, any joints that were fused at TS24 did not cavitate by TS27. At TS24, chondrocytes in the distal humerus were significantly smaller in the muscle-less limbs than in controls, while by TS27, chondrocyte volume was similar between the two groups, offering a cell-level mechanism for the partial recovery in shape of muscle-less limbs. Mineralisation showed the most pronounced changes over gestation. At TS24, all muscle-less rudiments studied had less mineralisation than the controls, while at TS27, muscle-less limb rudiments had mineralisation extents equivalent to controls. In conclusion, the effects of muscle absence on prenatal murine skeletogenesis reduced in severity over gestation. Understanding how mammalian bones and joints continue to develop in an environment with abnormal fetal movements provides insights into conditions including hip dysplasia and arthrogryposis.
Comparison of Three Phenotypic Methods of Carbapenemase Enzyme Detection to Identify Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales
Authors: Khare Amisha Piyush , Gopinathan Anusha , Leela K.V. , Naik Shweta
Published: November 2022

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli has increased worldwide. Critical care areas of most hospitals use carbapenem antibiotics for the empirical treatment of gram-negative bacterial (GNB) infections. In the last decade, there have been reports of the detection of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). This rise in the spread of CRE presents a great challenge in the treatment of GNB infections and poses a serious threat to global health. To detect the burden of CRE and to characterize CRE, we used three phenotypic methods for the detection of carbapenemase enzymes. Using conventional aerobic bacterial culture methods, 150 Enterobacterales strains were isolated from various clinical samples. Identification of CRE was performed using multiple phenotypic detection methods, such as the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method for meropenem (10 mcg) using the CLSI 2021 interpretation for meropenem, modified Hodge test (MHT), Carba NP test, and modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) test. A total of 150 Enterobacterales strains were isolated over a period of 1 year. Among these, 66/150 (44%), 63/150 (43%), 64/150 (43%), and 65/150 (43%) were identified as CRE using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, MHT, mCIM test, and Carba NP test, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MHT, mCIM, and Carba NP tests within 95% CI were 93.94%/100%, 96.97%/100%, and 98.48%/100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of MHT, mCIM, and Carba NP tests were 100%/95.45%, 100%/97.67%, and 100%/98.82%, respectively. The accuracies of the MHT, mCIM, and Carba NP tests were 97.33%, 98.67%, and 99.33% respectively indicating a high burden of carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales. Therefore, given the current statistics of carbapenem resistance, use of carbapenem as empiric treatment in the intensive care units of hospitals may not be beneficial. Identification of carbapenem resistance can help in the initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This study compares the accuracy and efficiency of Carba NP, mCIM, and MHT in detecting carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales.
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antiqourum Sensing Properties of Selected Wild Tea Leaves of Mountain Province
Authors: Nasungan Lichelyn Moling
Published: November 2022

This study investigated the potential biological activities by determining the antioxidant (DPPH Assay), antibacterial (Agar-well Diffusion Method), and antiquorum sensing (Crystal Violet based Microtitre Plate Biofilm Assay) of the selected wild tea leaves of Mt. Province, namely: Cinnamomum mercadoi S. Vidal, Gaultheria leucocarpa var. cumingiana (S.Vidal), Clausena sanki (Perr.) J.F. Molino var. mollis (Merr.) J.F Molino, Descasporum fruticosum (J.R. Forst and G. Forst) and Glycomis pentaphylla. It was shown that all of he wild tea leaves have antioxidant properties. G. leucocarpa var. cumingiana (S.Vidal) however, exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity of 88.67%, which indicates that it is the best antioxidant among the wild tea samples. Results also proved that the selected wild tea plants have antibacterial property against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and B. subtilis. Moreover, the result of the Microtitre Plate Biofilm Assay showed that all selected wild tea had moderate antiquorum sensing activity against the bacterial species tested. It was concluded that the ethanolic leaves’ extracts of the selected wild tea samples had antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiquorum sensing property. Therefore, this study hopes to promote the consumption of wild tea on a commercial scale due to its additional health benefits. It may be worthy to consider natural products and alternative medicines as potential prevention and treatments for diseases.
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells towards Sustainable Future: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Shah Ms. Vaibhavi , Pandya Ms. Nidhi , Dharaiya Ms. Unnati , Kansara Mr. Yash , Kumar Dr. Rashmi
Published: November 2022

Abstract: As we head towards a global depletion in traditional fossil fuels, the newly developed and sustainable fuel cells will be the rescue. This review paper briefly discusses the unpopular topic of Direct Methanol based Fuel Cells usage and production in India. This paper also highlights and explains their critical features by introducing the topic, starting with DMFC basics and how greener methanol is produced for the cell. We have clearly compared DMFC and other already existing fuel cells. As DMFC is a greener solution, its working principle is also stated. We discuss the various unique components that set DMFCs apart from other fuel cells and why we should surge the idea of replacing traditional fuel cells like Metal-ion based fuel cells and Hydrogen Fuel Cells. Concerning other fuel cells currently used in the market, DMFCs are predominantly cost-effective, adaptive to consumers' needs, and more efficient than other fuel cells. Alternate eco-friendly ways to produce methanol (biomethanol) for DMFCs have not only benefited consumers to use DMFCs but have also resulted in more demand for the fuel cell. A global perspective of DMFCs regarding the demand by various countries importing and exporting components (electrode, membrane) and application-based result. Amongst all the nationwide competitors, North America has the largest market for DMFCs. Meanwhile, Asia Pacific is anticipated to take charge during 2021-2028, and the majority of demand is rising from China, Japan, Germany, and India. An Indian perspective gives credit to Niti Aayog's "Methanol Economy" program, which focuses on different parameters to produce fuel since the low cost of coal in India provides an opportunity to produce a range of products from coal such as methanol, olefins, DME, and others at a competitive price
Effects of Mothers’ Marital Satisfaction, Depression on the Academic Performance: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Parental Participation, Teacher-Student Relationship, and Academic Self-Efficacy
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Choi Hyosik , Lee Seonyoung
Published: November 2022

Objectives The purpose of the current study was to explore differences in level of family-based participation and school-based participation of mothers who have 5th graders of elementary school and to demonstrate how the mother's psychological characteristics (mothers’ marital satisfaction, depression) affect parental participation. The study also looked at the effects of mothers’ marital satisfaction, depression, parental participation (family-based participation, school-based participation), and teacher-student relationship on academic efficacy and performance of their children. Methods Using 486 pairs of mother and their children who become on 5th grader in elementary school in 2019, the 12th year Panel Study on Korea Children(PSKC), Repeated Measures ANOVA were used to analyze differences in family-based participation and school-based participation. Also, how mothers’ marital satisfaction, depression, and school participation relate to children’s teacher-student relationship, academic efficacy, and academic achievements were explored through Structural Equation Modeling. Results As results, first, it was confirmed that mothers reported higher family-based participation than the school-based participation, and there was no interaction effect between the family-based and school-based participation according to the gender. Second, mother's marital satisfaction had a negative relationship on depression, and a positive relationship on both family-based and school-based participation. Nonetheless, mother's depression did not show any relationship to teacher-student relationship, academic self-efficacy, and academic performance of their children. Third, the marital satisfaction showed a positive relationship to academic performance through family-based participation and academic self-efficacy. The marital satisfaction also reported a positive relationship to academic performance through family-based participation. And, teacher-student relationship affected academic performance through academic self-efficacy. Conclusions The study imply that it is important to induce mothers’ active family-based participation by increasing mothers' marital satisfaction in order to increase the academic self-efficacy and academic performance of elementary school students.
The Effects of Spelling Instruction Based on Multilinguistic Approach on Spelling Achievement and Spelling Error Patterns of Middle School Students with Writing Disabilities
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Hyeongshik , Kim Aehwa
Published: November 2022

Objectives This study examined the effects of spelling instruction based on multilinguistic approach on spelling achievement and spelling error patterns of middle school students with writing disabilities. Methods The participants were four 1st grade students with writing disabilities who were enrolled in a public middle school. The effects of the intervention on the dependent variables were monitored using a multiple probe design across participants. The spelling instruction based on multilinguistic approach was consisted of 21 steps that integrated phonological-based spelling instruction, orthographic-based spelling instruction, and morphological- based spelling instruction. In order to ensure the effects, visual analysis was conducted with level, variability, trend, immediacy of the effect, consistency of data patterns across similar phases, and overlaps (PND, NAP). Results Although the degree of improvement in each student's spelling achievement was different, all students immediately improved their spelling achievement when the intervention started. All students also maintained high spelling achievement in the maintenance phases. Although the degree of reduction of each student's spelling error pattern was different, the spelling error pattern of all students decreased and showed immediate intervention effects. These intervention effects were maintained even after the intervention. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that spelling instruction based on multilinguistic approach is an effective intervention for middle school students with writing disabilities and can be useful in the school.
A Study on the Contents of Election Debate Listening Education for High School Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Min Hyoung
Published: November 2022

Objectives In this study, in preparation for the lowering of the election age, the contents of election debate listening education, one of the important political events, were studied so that adolescents can exercise their current or future responsible voting rights. Methods To this end, in this study, the functional theory of Benoit, a theoretical framework mainly used when analyzing election debates, was analyzed to suit learners, and the 19th presidential candidate debate data was discourse-analysis. Results As a result, election debates could be largely divided into claims in policy and person categories, and policies could be divided into past actions, policy mistakes, and future plans and general goals. And in the debate at the person level, it could be classified into individual qualities, leadership ability, and political ideals. In particular, in the data of this study, colorist attacks frequently appeared in terms of past achievements and actions, and fierce battles were fought over the issues of costs and required budgets in relation to pledges. And much of the time was spent attacking personal qualities. Conclusions Learners should understand that each candidate's utterance in the election debate is a high strategic outcome and analyze the effectiveness and appropriateness of these strategic aspects. This study also provided implications for this.
A Qualitative Study on the School Experience of Foreign Language High School Graduates in Social Integration Admission Policy
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jun Seul-gee , Yang Jung-Ho
Published: November 2022

Objectives This study is to present the actual educational effect of the social integration admission policy in foreign language high school and to suggest the complementary points in the operation process. Methods A qualitative study was conducted on the experiences of school life and the meaning of those experiences for 7 students of social integration screening at K (pseudonym name) foreign language high school located in Gyeonggi-do, and data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Results On the social integration admission policy of foreign language high school, all seven students expressed common opinions, such as the admission preparation process affected by the student's growth environment and surrounding cases, stable boarding life, educational welfare policy to comfort me, satisfaction with internal growth, and confidence in foreign language ability as graduates. Conclusions It was confirmed that the social integration admission policy of foreign language high school had the following positive effects on students in the admission process, school life, and after graduation. First, the interest of families and teachers in the admission process and the cases of going to school around them play an important role, but private education for admission was unnecessary. Second, they had a positive perception of Korea's educational welfare through the school's boarding life that supplements the vulnerability of the family in the school life and the financial and cultural benefits that support the vulnerable. Finally, as an influence after graduation, they were satisfied with their college entrance performance and internal growth through the curriculum and school system, and their academic confidence increased in college. Through these results, the complementary points of the social integration admission policy were proposed.
A Structural Analysis of Parental Attachment, Big Five Personality Traits, Academic Failure Tolerance and School Adjustment Perceived by Elementary School Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Choi Hyosik , Yeon Eun Mo
Published: November 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate structural relationships among parental attachment, big five personality traits, academic failure tolerance and school adjustment perceived by elementary school students. In details, the study explored the sequential mediators in the relationship between parental attachment and school adjustment. Methods A structural equation model was conducted using 1,129 data from the 12th waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children in 2019. Results The results of this study are as follows. First, both perceived mother and father attachment of elementary school students directly affect on their big five personality traits; positively affect on extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness and negatively affect on neuroticism. At same time, only perceived mother attachment showed positive affects on openness. Moreover, perceived mother attachment showed no effect on academic failure tolerance, in meanwhile perceived father attachment a direct positive effect on academic failure tolerance. Openness and conscientiousness also presented a positive effect on academic failure tolerance while neuroticism showed a negative effect and same pattern repeated on academic adjustment. And, academic failure tolerance mediated the relationship between conscientiousness and positive school adjustment as well as the relationship between neuroticism and positive school adjustment for both perceived mother and father attachment of elementary school students. Conclusions These findings suggest that it is necessary to strengthen perceived parent attachments of elementary school students through encouraging healthy personality and academic failure tolerance in order to increase school adjustment.
Laime Jāņa Pliekšāna (Raiņa) tiesību filozofijā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Lazdiņš Jānis
Published: November 2022

Raksta mērķis ir analizēt jurista, filozofa un dzejnieka Jāņa Pliekšāna (Raiņa) pārdomas par laimi. Rainis dzīvoja laikā, kad latviešiem veidojās valsts tiesiskā apziņa un tika izsludināta Latvijas Republika (1918). Lai arī Rainis ir miris pirms gandrīz 100 gadiem (1929), viņa atstātais intelektuālais mantojums nav zaudējis aktualitāti arī mūsdienās. Pētījuma rezultāti ļauj secināt, ka darbs un brīvība ir priekšnoteikums kā personiskai laimei, tā augstākai laimei. Savukārt “laimes formula” definējama kā nebeidzams sevis pilnveidošanas darbs cīņā par personisku laimi ar mērķi vest visu cilvēci pretī laimei. Balstoties uz Raiņa intelektuālo mantojumu, autors izvirza tēzi, ka sociāli atbildīgā valstī tiesība tiekties pēc laimes būtu jāatzīst par vienu no valsts tiesību pamatprincipiem.
Hydrodynamics and liquid-liquid mass transfer in gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow in a cross microchannel
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Zhou YiWei , chen zhuo , Xu jianhong
Published: November 2022

Gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow in cross microchannels has been
widely used in flow chemistry and process intensification. At present,
the flow and mass transfer characteristics in this microchannel are not
well understood. In this work, the hydrodynamics and liquid-liquid mass
transfer characteristics of gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow were
systematically investigated. For the gas-liquid-liquid hydrodynamics,
the bubble/droplet size prediction model based on the multiphase
cooperative behavior was proposed, which could be used in predicting
droplet/bubble size in flow systems. For the gas-liquid-liquid mass
transfer process, the semi-empirical prediction formula of the mass
transfer coefficient was obtained by considering the vortex strength,
the interfacial area and the effective mass transfer area. This work
could be the comprehensive study of gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow
and liquid-liquid mass transfer under gas enhancement in the cross
microchannel.
Fantastic Bugs and Where to Find Them (in the Brain and Bone): Atypical Abiotropha Defectiva Endocarditis Complicated by CVA and Spinal Osteomyelitis
Authors: Niu Kevyn , Shah Maulik , Alemar-Hernandez Hilton
Published: November 2022

67-year-old presented with subacute left temporal lobe infarction,
lumbar spine osteomyelitis, and aortic valve vegetation. Further
investigations demonstrated Abiotrophia defectiva bacteremia. He was
treated with penicillin and gentamicin, discharged with 4 weeks
ceftriaxone. We wish to raise awareness of complications of A. defectiva
endocarditis and encourage further research into treatment.
The Effects of Cetuximab and Cisplatin Anti-Cancer Drugs on the Mechanical Properties of the Lung Cancerous Cells Using Atomic Force Microscope
Authors: Rezaei Iraj , Sadeghi Ali
Published: November 2022

In this study, the effect of Cetuximab and Cisplatin anti-cancer drugs
on the mechanical properties of A-549 and Calu-6 cells as the cancerous
lung cells have been investigated. For both of the cells and anti-cancer
drugs, MTT assessment has been used to define the convenient dosages for
24 and 48h incubations based on IC50 concentration for the cell line
viability. The mechanical specifications of the cells before and after
treatment were obtained using nanoindentation by the JPK Instruments’
NanoWizard3 atomic force microscope (AFM). The results show that
Cetuximab increases the stiffness of A-549 cell from 1225 Pa to 3403 Pa
and 12690 Pa for 24 and 48h incubations. The influence of Cetuximab on
the of Calu-6 shows that the elastic modulus after 24 and 48h culture
times increases about 1260.6% and 836.66% rather than the control
(untreated) state respectively. The outcome for Cisplatin anti-cancer
drug for A-549 cell indicates that the elastic modulus raises from 1225
Pa to 1506 Pa and 2375 Pa for 24 and 48h respectively. For Calu-6 cell,
Cisplatin has an important role to increase the stiffness of the cell.
Applying Cisplatin increases the elastic modulus from 33 Pa to 682.8 Pa
for 24h and 1105 Pa after 48h incubations. Based on the dependence of
anti-cancer drug resistance on the mechanical properties of cancerous
cells, the outcomes show that both of the Cisplatin and
Cetuximab-resistant lung cells have a better opportunity to minimize the
influence of the anti-cancer drug treatment due to stiffer treated cells
Bilateral refractory pneumothorax treated by pleurodesis and bronchial occlusion in a COVID-19 patient
Authors: Tanaka Satoshi , Takayama Yoshihiro , Kitou Riiko , Asakawa Ryo , Tobita Satoshi , Ike Akihiro , Kawada Masahiro , Yamamoto Suguru , Ueno Kiyonobu
Published: November 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause various complications.
Pneumothorax secondary to COVID-19 is relatively uncommon and bilateral
pneumothorax is even more so. In patients with poor general health to
undergo surgery for pneumothorax, internal treatments are essential to
relieving refractory pneumothorax.
Study and Analysis of Copy-move Forgery Detection with Local Binary Pattern Method
Authors: RAO JINGJING , TEERAKANOK Songpon , UEHARA TETSUTARO
Published: November 2022

With the advancement of technology, new problems and challenges also
follow, among which the more serious problem is media forgery. Forged
media information brings a lot of inconvenience to life. It is difficult
to distinguish the truth from the false. In this article, various types
of forgery are listed and elaborated with a focus on the copy-move
forgery category, the study and research involving copy-move
forgery(CMF) detection techniques using the Local Binary Pattern (LBP)
are presented. The technical review of recent state-of-the-art LBP-based
is provided.
The Sustainable Development Goals index: An analysis (2000-2022)
Authors: Hernandez Claudia
Published: November 2022

In this international year of basic sciences for sustainable development and the edition of the special issue of challenges for sustainable development in the journal TJES. It is of interest to review how the sustainable development index has evolved according to the global fulfillment of the development goals (SDGs) in the world (2000-2022). It was found that since the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and subsequently the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were proposed, the greatest increase in the index was reported in periods prior to the Covid-19 pandemic. Among the continents, the European continent is positioned with the highest SDGs index values, mainly the countries of Finland, Sweden, and Denmark (≥ 85 points). The continent with the lowest index is Africa (38-70). The values of the index in the years 2019-2022, present the highest positive correlation when comparing its value between the countries of each continent, i.e. COVID-19 period affected the progress of sustainable development. The current state of the indicator reflects that there are still countries in each continent where mechanisms must be generated to evolve in the fulfillment of the objectives set out in the 2030 agenda and thus increase the global index of sustainable development for the post-COVID-19 era.
Impact of air temperature and wind speed on the efficiency of a photovoltaic power plant: An experimental analysis
Authors: Batic Iva , Batic Marko , Djurisic Zeljko
Published: November 2022

For each photovoltaic power plant, it is extremely important to perform an analysis of its efficiency, as well as an analysis of all parameters that may affect efficiency. The electric energy of the photovoltaic system, which is delivered to the electric power system on a daily basis, is determined through the average daily insolation, the surface of the panel and the average efficiency value. One of the parameters that affect the conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic power plant is a decrease in the conversion efficiency due to an increase in panel temperature. In this paper an example is a real photovoltaic power plant with a nominal power of 50 kW, which is installed on the rooftop of the building of the Institute "Mihajlo Pupin", located in Zvezdara forest, Belgrade, Serbia. The correlation analysis of the estimated temperature of the photovoltaic panel was performed using two models and the measured temperature of the photovoltaic panel. The temperature of the photovoltaic panel was estimated using models, one of which does not take into account, and the other takes into account the influence of wind speed on the temperature of the panel.
Construction and application analysis of thermal conductivity model of deep thermal storage pore structure
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Zhang Tianzhen , Tan Mingzhe , Xue Meng
Published: November 2022

In the process of geothermal energy exploitation and utilization, effective heat extraction, natural recovery and other key issues are affected and restricted by the thermal conductivity process of geothermal reservoirs, and the relevant thermal conductivity model research is not very comprehensive at present. In this paper, the deep heat storage in pore structure is divided into development zone, wave zone and original zone according to their thermal conductivity characteristics. Based on the representative elementary volume description analysis method, the thermal conductivity analysis model of pore structure of deep heat storage is established, including simplified thermal conductivity model and fine thermal conductivity model. Taking granite as an example, numerical calculation was carried out to analyze the effects of porosity, impurity content, water content and channel composition coefficient on heat storage and thermal conductivity. The model established in this paper lays a foundation for controlling thermal storage and thermal conductivity mechanism, accurately analyzing thermal conductivity characteristics, reserve estimation and mining dynamic changes.
Temperature elevation of a human brain induced by a mobile phone electromagnetic radiation
Authors: Jovanovic Ugljesa , Krstic Dejan , Zigar Darko , Malenovic-Nikolic Jelena , Cvetanovic Sveta
Published: November 2022

This paper analyzes the specific absorption rate and the temperature elevation of the brain within an adult?s man head exposed to electromagnetic radiation. The source of electromagnetic radiation is a contemporary mobile phone operating at 900 MHz. Simulations were performed on an anatomically accurate AustinMan 2.6 voxel-based human model with a resolution of 1 ? 1 ? 1 mm3. The thermal analysis focuses on temperature distribution on the brain surface in fixed time steps during one hour of continuous mobile phone use.
Low temperature simulation of ammonia refrigeration based on dissipative molecular dynamics
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yan , Yang Yang , Zhao Hai-Qian , Xu Ying , Chen Shu
Published: November 2022

To solve the problem of heat resistance of the oil film in the evaporator pipe-line of the ammonia refrigeration system, it is extremely important to study the interaction mechanism of the oil/ammonia system. The method of dissipative molecular dynamics is used to simulate the oil/ammonia flow state at different temperatures and concentrations, and the mechanism of its interaction was analyzed. It was also found that various parameters are greatly affected by temperature in the research process, the linear relationship of temperature on various parameters was quantitatively calculated. The oil/ammonia system were divided into emulsion and layered liquid. The oil phase (or ammonia phase) with low percentage at low temperature all exists in the form of droplets. The oil-ammonia interfacial tension first increases and then decreases with the increase of oil content. At the same temperature, the interfacial tension reached its maximum when the oil content was 70%. The oil percentage of 30% concentration was the phase inversion point. When the oil percentage was 30-70%, the oil and ammonia two-phases were stratified, and the oil adhered to the surface of the pipe wall. Therefore, the heat transfer performance of the system was the worst when the oil content was 30-70%. As the temperature increased, the interaction parameter aij decreased significantly. The linear relationship between ? and 1/T was very consistent with the Flory-Huggins mean field theory. This linear equation provided a basis for subsequent related research.
Experimental analysis of the fixed flat-plate solar collector with Sn-Al2O3 selective absorber and gravity water flow
Authors: Nesovic Aleksandar , Lukic Nebojsa , Jurisevic Nebojsa , Cvetkovic Dragan , Dzunic Dragan , Josijevic Mladen , Nedic Bogdan
Published: November 2022

To improve solar collector efficiency, a variety of designs and materials have been introduced into production practice. Studies describing solar collector specifics, therefore, are particularly valuable to the scientific community as they contribute to the overall body of knowledge and constant improvement the in the scientific field. In that regard, the study presented in this paper analyses the thermal performance of the fixed flat-plate collector with an Sn-Al2O3 selective absorber. The fixed flat-plate collector design utilizes gravity water flow in an open loop system. A two-month study was conducted to perform the analysis. The experiment was based on measurements of water flow in the fixed flat-plate col-lector, the water temperature at the fixed flat-plate collector inlet and outlet, and solar radiation intensity on a horizontal surface. Results for three randomly selected measurement days have shown that fixed flat-plate collector can achieve relatively satisfactory values for average daily specific heat power, thermal efficiency, and inlet-outlet water temperature gradient, respectively: June 29 (381.78 W/m2, 60.67%, and 9.06?C), June 30 (364.33 W/m2, 59.43%, and 7.46?C), and July 15 (373.06 W/m2, 59.85%, and 8.69?C). Apart from the relatively good measurement results, this type of solar collector does not require circulating pumps for operation, which brings a double advantage: energy saving and energy production.
Multi-scalar data integration links glomerular angiopoietin-tie signaling pathway activation with progression of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Liu Jiahao , Nair Viji , Zhao Yi-yang , Chang Dong-yuan , Limonte Christine , Bansal Nisha , Fermin Damian , Eichinger Felix , Tanner Emily C. , Bellovich Keith A. , Steigerwalt Susan , Bhat Zeenat , Hawkins Jennifer J. , Subramanian Lalita , Rosas Sylvia E. , Sedor John R. , Vasquez Miguel A. , Waikar Sushrut S. , Bitzer Markus , Pennathur Subramaniam , Brosius Frank C. , Boer Ian De , Chen Min , Kretzler Matthias , Ju Wenjun
Published: November 2022

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Prognostic biomarkers reflective of underlying molecular mechanisms are critically needed for effective management of DKD.  A three-marker panel was derived from a proteomics analysis of plasma samples by an unbiased machine learning approach from participants (N = 58) in the Clinical Phenotyping and Resource Biobank study. When combined with standard clinical parameters, this panel improved prediction of the composite outcome of ESKD or a 40% decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The panel was validated in an independent group (N=68), which also had kidney transcriptomic profiles. One marker, plasma angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), was significantly associated with outcomes in cohorts from the American Cardiovascular Health Study (N=3183) and the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease (N=210). Glomerular transcriptional Angiopoietin/Tie (ANG-TIE) pathway scores, derived from the expression of 154 ANG-TIE signaling mediators, correlated positively with plasma ANGPT2 levels and kidney outcomes. Higher receptor expression in glomeruli and higher ANG-TIE pathway scores in endothelial cells corroborated potential functional effects in the kidney from elevated plasma ANGPT2 levels. Our work suggests that ANGPT2 is a promising prognostic endothelial biomarker with likely functional impact on glomerular pathogenesis in DKD.
Visible laser attenuation characteristics using various polymeric nanocomposites
Authors: Qader A. A.
Published: November 2022

The attenuation characteristic of a semiconductor laser and green laser beam power with various polymer nanocomposites including PbS, TiO2, V2O5, and CuO are investigated experimentally. Various polymeric nanocomposites with the same concentration of different nanoparticles were prepared using a solution casting technique. The distance between the sample and detector as well as the sample and laser source, and the laser beam incident angle on the surface of the sample are found to be important factors to obtain robust measurements of the attenuation of the semiconductor and green laser beam power. The nanocomposite thin film doped with CuO has more laser beam power attenuation compared to the other prepared nanocomposite thin films. Polymer nanocomposites have various applications, e.g., cut-off laser filters, optical limiting laser, and laser beam power attenuation.
PERSEPSI GURU DAN SISWA TERHADAP MODUL KIMIA BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING PADA MATERI REAKSI REDOKS DAN TATANAMA SENYAWA
Authors: Mellyzar Mellyzar
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi guru kimia dan siswa terhadap modul kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi reaksi redoks dan tata nama senyawa. Metode penelitian adalah analisis deskripsi kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Taman Siswa Cabang Binjai Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru kimia SMA Taman Siswa berjumlah 5 orang dan siswa kelas XI IPA sebanyak 10 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan instrumen angket menggunakan skala likert. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan persentase rata-rata keseluruhan nilai yang diberikan didapatkan dari lima orang guru yaitu 91,6% katergori “Sangat Baik”. Hal ini berarti bahan ajar modul berbasis inkuiri terbimbing yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti mempunyai kriteria sangat baik untuk digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam kegiatan proses belajar mengajar pada materi reaksi redoks dan tata nama senyawa. Pada hasil persepsi siswa  yang diperoleh nilai rata-rata dari sepuluh orang siswa dengan persentase 82% kategori “Sangat Baik”, hal ini berarti bahan ajar modul berbasis inkuiri terbimbing yang dikembangkan peneliti mempunyai kriteria sangat baik dan menarik untuk digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar pada materi reaksi redoks dan tata nama senyawa. Kata kunci: Modul, Inkuiri Terbimbing, Redoks, Tata Nama Senyawa
Relevansi Penggunaan Tumbuhan dan Hewan dalam Upacara Yadnya Tawur Kesanga dengan Materi IPA SMP
Authors: Utari Putu Henrika , Subagia I Wayan , Juniartina Putu Prima
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan tumbuhan dan hewan yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan Caru Tawur Kesanga di Desa Sinabun, alasan penggunaan tumbuhan dan hewan tersebut serta relevansinya dengan materi IPA SMP/MTs. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi dan metode studi kasus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Serati Banten Desa Sinabun dan Pedanda Griya Taman Manuaba. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, studi dokumen, dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Penyajian hasil peneltian dilakukan secara induktif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. 1) tumbuhan dan hewan yang digunakan sebagai sarana Caru Tawur Kesanga sebanyak 38 spesies dan 15 spesies, 2) penggunaan tumbuhan dan hewan sudah dilaksanakan secara turun temurun dan didasarkan pada kepercayaan terhadap tumbuhan dan hewan tertentu serta pustaka suci, 3) penggunaan tumbuhan dan hewan dalam Caru Tawur Kesanga memiliki relevansi dengan materi IPA SMP/MTs, yaitu pada materi Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup, Reproduksi Tumbuhan dan Hewan, dan Tanah dan Keberlangsungan Kehidupan.
Kesiapan Calon Guru IPA dalam Pengembangan Rencana Pembelajaran Berbasis Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Erlina Nia
Published: November 2022

Pembangunan berkelanjutan adalah sarana untuk mencapai keberlanjutan dengan tujuan jangka panjang di berbagai bidang kehidupan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kesiapan calon guru IPA dalam pengembangan rencana pembelajaran berbasis education for sustainable development (ESD). Kesiapan tersebut mencakup pemahaman calon guru terhadap ESD, kemampuan menyiapkan perencanaan pembelajaran kreatif, dan pengalaman mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 40 calon guru IPA yang menempuh mata kuliah telaah IPA Sekolah pada tahun pendidikan tinggi ketiga. Intrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada awal pertemuan ketika pembelajaran inti belum diterapkan. Analisis data secara deskriptif menggunakan kategorisasi berdasarkan karakteristik masing-masing. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa calon guru IPA siap mengembangkan rencana pembelajaran kreatif berbasis ESD. Kesiapan tersebut tampak pada: (1) pemahaman ESD (78.9%), (2) kesiapan guru dalam perencanaan pembelajaran kreatif (77.3%), dan (3) kesiapan guru dalam implementasi pembelajaran berbasis proyek (78.2%). Implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dalam perguruan tinggi merupakan salah satu rekomendasi untuk mendukung calon guru merancang perencanaan pembelajaran kreatif berbasis ESD.
Relevansi Tumbuhan dan Hewan yang digunakan dalam Upacara Yadnya Otonan dengan Materi IPA SMP/MTs
Authors: Oktaviani Nindya , Subagia I Wayan , Priyanka Luh Mitha
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan (1) jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai sarana dalam pelaksanaan Upacara Otonan, (2) jenis hewan yang digunakan sebagai sarana dalam pelaksanaan Upacara Otonan (3) relevansi tumbuhan dan hewan yang digunakan dalam upacara Otonan dengan materi IPA SMP/MTs. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus (case study). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi serta diperkuat dengan metode wawancara dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan berupa teknik analisis kualitatif deskriptif berupa kata-kata. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa jenis tumbuhan bahan upakara pada pelaksanaan upacara Otonan ditemukan 39 jenis tumbuhan yang berasal dari 25 famili dan hewan yang ditemukan dalam upacara Otonan terdiri dari 5 spesies yang berasal dari famili yang berbeda. Tumbuhan dan hewan yang digunakan sebagai sarana upakara pada pelaksanaan Upacara Otonan memiliki relevansi terhadap materi IPA SMP kelas VII Semester I materi Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup, dan kelas IX Semester I Kurikulum 2013 materi Sistem Perkembangbiakan Tumbuhan dan Hewan.
Analisis Kebutuhan Guru Terhadap Panduan Praktikum IPA
Authors: Arini Ni Kadek Manis , Darmayanti Ni Wayan Sri
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan guru terhadap panduan praktikum IPA. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah jenis pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan Guru kelas 2 dan kelas 3 SD Negeri 4 Abuan berjumlah masing-masing satu orang sebagai subjek penelitian dan analisis kebutuhan terhadap panduan praktikum IPA sebagai objek penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara untuk guru. Selanjutnya data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa guru jarang mengajak siswa untuk praktikum dikarenakan tidak mempunyai panduan khusus praktikum serta alat dan bahan untuk praktikum juga terbatas. Praktikum dalam 2 semester untuk kelas 2 hanya 4-5 kali dan untuk kelas 3 hanya 6-7 kali. Materi yang dipraktikumkan adalah materi sederhana yang alat dan bahannya bisa didapat di lingkungan sekitar seperti mengamati ciri-ciri makhluk hidup dan sumber energi.   Guru di SD Negeri 4 Abuan  sangat memerlukan panduan khusus untuk praktikum sehingga mempunyai pedoman dalam melaksanakan kegiatan praktikum IPA.
Eksplorasi Konsep Fisika Pada Permainan Lempar Bola Secara Vertikal dengan Bantuan Aplikasi Tracker
Authors: Amiruddin Mohd Zaidi Bin
Published: November 2022

Kurangnya pemahaman fisika peserta didik pada gerak vertikal ke atas dikarenakan hanya diberikan materi secara umum. Hal ini diperparah dengan pembelajaran yang berlaku secara daring akibat Covid-19. Namun, dengan perkembangan teknologi ternyata banyak sekali yang bisa diintegrasikan antara satu dengan yang lain. Salah satunya permainan lempar bola dengan konsep fisika. Penelitian  ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konsep dan membuktikan teoritik fisika yang terdapat pada permainan lempar bola ke atas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode analisis video yang dimasukkan ke dalam aplikasi tracker dimana hasil analisis video tersebut memaparkan data matematis pada grafik yang muncul di layar aplikasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya bantuan aplikasi tracker dan contoh nyata dalam kehidupan sehari – hari ternyata dapat mengeksplorasi konsep dan membuktikan teoritik fisika yang ada pada gerak vertikal ke atas. Selain itu, data percobaan yang diperoleh  ternyata linear dengan hasil percobaan para ahli sebelumnya pada gerak vertikal ke atas. Kemudian data yang dihasilkan lebih valid dibandingkan dengan cara percobaan yang konvensional. Dengan begitu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya aplikasi tracker dan contoh nyata dalam kehidupan sehari – hari dapat menjadi media pembelajaran yang inovatif untuk menggali membuktikan konsep fisika secara teoritik. Kedepannya, perlu adanya penelitian lanjutan untuk membuktikan apakah aplikasi ini benar benar efektif untuk menemukan konsep fisika pada sub materi yang lain khususnya pada benda yang bergerak.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran IPA Terpadu Bertema Olahraga dengan Model Webbed Untuk Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Cahyana I Made Arta , Pujani Ni Made , Devi Ni Luh Pande Latria
Published: November 2022

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan serta menganalisis karakteristik, tingkat kevalidan, dan tingkat keterbacaan modul pembelajaran IPA Terpadu bertema Olahraga dengan model webbed untuk siswa kelas VIII SMP. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan 4D yaitu define, design, develop, and disseminate. Penelitian ini dilakukan sampai tahap develop untuk mengetahui validitas dan keterbacaan. Pada tahap define, dilakukan analisis kurikulum, peserta didik, bahan ajar, materi, dan merumuskan tujuan pembelajaran. Pada tahap design, dilakukan perancangan awal dengan membuat produk modul IPA terpadu. Pada tahap develop, dilakukan uji validitas isi oleh para ahli. Subjek penelitian melibatkan dua orang dosen ahli yaitu dosen ahli isi yang berperan sebagai validator. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, karakteristik modul IPA terpadu yang dikembangkan, yaitu menggunakan tema olahraga, menggunakan langkah-langkah model pembelajaran webbed, berisikan petunjuk penggunaan modul, setiap sub materi terdapat contoh soal, latihan soal, percobaan, dan informasi tambahan seputar dunia sains sesaui materi yang dibahas. Tingkat kevalidan modul yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kategori validitas sangat tinggi, dilihat dari skor angket penilaian oleh 2 orang dosen ahli Pendidikan IPA sebesar 0,91. Tingkat keterbacaan modul yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kategori sangat terbaca, dilihat dari skor rata-rata angket penilaian oleh 4 orang guru IPA kelas VIII dan 6 orang siswa kelas VIII secara berturut-turut sebesar 4,54 dan 4,24. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian, modul IPA terpadu bertema olahraga dengan model webbed dapat diuji ke tahap selanjutnya yaitu uji kepraktisan, uji keefektifan, dan penyebaran produk.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas VIII SMP pada Materi Getaran dan Gelombang
Authors: Saputra I Gede Eka , Jampel I Nyoman , Parwata I Gusti Lanang Agung
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rancang bangun instrumen penilaian kemampuan berpikir kritis, menghasilkan instrumen penilaian yang memenuhi validitas dan reliabilitas, mengetahui hasil pengujian daya beda, tingkat kesukaran, dan hasil pengujian dengan Graded Response Model (GRM). Subjek uji coba sebanyak 90 siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Tegallalang. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam R&D dengan desain 4D. Prosedur uji coba pengembangan meliputi uji validitas isi menggunakan indeks Content Validity Ratio (CVR), konsistensi internal butir menggunakan product moment, reliabilitas menggunakan alpha cronbach, uji daya beda menggunakan formula Ferguson, uji taraf kesukaran, dan analisis butir dengan GRM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Rancang bangun instrumen penilaian dikembangkan berdasarkan desain 4D (define, design, develop, dan disseminate). Tes disusun menjadi 12 soal essay berdasarkan indikator yang mengacu pada taksonomi Bloom revisi pada dimensi proses kognitif C3 (aplikasi), C4 (analisis), dan C5 (evaluasi). (2) Validitas isi diperoleh nilai CVR = 1 yang berarti butir tes memiliki relevansi yang tinggi baik dari segi materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa. Koefisien reliabilitas = 0,941 termasuk kategori sangat tinggi. (3) Seluruh butir soal memiliki daya beda yang berkriteria sangat baik dan tingkat kesukaran pada kriteria sedang dan sukar. (4) Hasil probabilitas siswa menjawab benar menggunakan GRM meningkat dari kemampuan paling rendah sampai paling tinggi pada setiap kategori butir soal.