bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Romeu Beltrão e o Boletim do Instituto de Ciências Naturais
Authors: Loreto Elgion Lucio da Silva , Soldi Karen Costa
Published: September 2020

The Bulletin of the Institute of Natural Sciences of the Federal University of Santa Maria was a scientific journal, pub lished between 1962 and 1968. It represented a vehicle for research carried out at the Institute of Natural Sciences of the newly created Federal University of Santa Maria. The articles published addressed mainly the phytogeography and paleontology of the region. The main contributor and mentor of the journal was Prof. Romeu Beltrão, man of multiple interests. He was a doctor, historian, high school teacher, professor, writer, botanist, paleontologist. The pioneering "Bulletin" is discussed within the evolution of research and pos-graduate studies at the university in which it arises. We also discussed the potential of this material to address the Nature of Science, and how scientific development is tied to the social and historical conditions in which it is embedded.
Sediment transport for nonuniform sediment mixtures: the Egiazaroff equation and its application in a canyon river in Brazil
Authors: Paixão Maurício Andrades , Kobiyama Masato , Nonnemacher Lara Cruz
Published: September 2020

Understanding the sediment yield and transport is one of the major topics of hydrosedimentology today. Although there are several methods to evaluate the incipient movement, the Shields model is mostly-used. However, the model proposed by Shields assumes that the sediments are uniform in an homogeneous and non-cohesive mixture. As such conditions are not easily found in nature, Egiazaroff proposed a sheltering coefficient, which considers the sediments in a non-homogeneous mixture in a wide range of granulometry. This coefficient allows correcting the Shields critical shear stress for nonuniform mixtures and can be used in mountain rivers, where the sediment size varies in several orders of magnitude. The equation proposed by Egiazaroff has been neglected for so many years in Brazil, and it is not mentioned in hydraulics or hydrosedimentology books . Thus, the present paper aimed to introduce the model proposed by Egiazaroff. Applying this equation to one natural river in a canyon, southern Brazil, the paper shows the good performance of this equation and recommends its use in mountain rivers in Brazil.
Cover plants and performance of shanks depths under corn productivity
Authors: Modolo Alcir José , Müller Jônatan , Freitas Juan Paulo Xavier de , Dotto Lucas , Dallacort Rivanildo , Campos José Ricardo da Rocha , Trogello Emerson
Published: September 2020

The direct sowing system is characterized by minimum soil rotation and maintenance of vegetal residues in cover. However, incorrect management excessive traffic of machines have caused the emergence of compacted layers, which can cause decrease of crop productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil parameters and maize crop yield after management with different performance depths of fertilizer shanks, associated to the cultivation of winter coverage plants, in compacted Latosol, conducted in a direct sowing system. The experiment was carried out in two agricultural years (2013/2014 and 2014/2015), in a dystroferric Red Latosol, with a very clayey texture. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, with treatments arranged in the strip scheme, with two factors and four replications, totaling 32 experimental units. The main treatments were composed by the combination of four performance depths of fertilizer shank (0.065, 0.095, 0.125 and 0.150 m) in the corn sowing process and the secondary ones by the cultivation of two winter coverage plants (black oats and turnip forage). The use of coverage plants and performance depths of the shank, among themselves, did not change the parameters of soil density and porosity, in the intercrop line. The final population of plants, seedling emergence speed index and maize production components did not vary as a result of the performance depth of the shank.
Gênese e probabilidade ocorrência de tornados no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Writzl Luana , Wollmann Cássio Arthur , Iensse Amanda Comassetto , Silva Aline Nunes da
Published: September 2020

This research concerns in to study the genesis of tornadoes in Rio Grande do Sul, a database was made using meteorological channel data, city newspapers and published works to find confirmed records. We used Synoptic Letters of the Brazilian Navy and the INPE satellite images analyzed on the day of each event, the atmospheric systems that were present on the day of the tornado records were identified. The seasonality of recorded events was still identified.
Root cell growth and division in soybean in the presence of base trichoderma and "Bradyrhizobium japonicum" bioproducts
Authors: Cadore Luana Da Silva , Trapp Kássia Cauana , Vey Rosana Taschetto , Dotto Lucas , Tedesco Solange Bosio , Silva Antonio Carlos Ferreira da
Published: September 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of commercial formulations of biological products on mitotic index and root growth, as well as on the initial development of soybean crop. A soybean cultivar Nidera 5909 was used, composed of four commercial bioformulates that had in its composition Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma sp. Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The products used were tested in combination or isolated for soybean seed inoculation in a randomized experimental design. In the variable length of shoot using Trichoderma sp., B. japonicum peat and Trichoderma sp. associated with B. japonicum peat did not differ from the control treatment but differed from the others. There was an increase in root length of soybean seedlings for the treatments T. harzianum + B. japonicum liquid and T. harzianum + B. japonicum peat compared to the control, as well as an increase in the mitotic index for the same treatments. The treatments T. harzianum + B. japonicum liquid and T. harzianum + B. japonicum provided higher root growth of soybean seedlings and higher initial plant growth.
Direct red 83 textile dye degradation using photoperoxidation and photo-fenton: kinetic studies, toxicity and neural networks modeling
Authors: Amorim Nataly Daiany de Oliveira , Nascimento Graziele Elisandra do , Charamba Lívia Vieira Carlini , Santana Rayany Magali da Rocha , Silva Pollyanna Michelle da , Napoleão Thiago Henrique , Napoleão Daniella Carla
Published: September 2020

Textile dyes have been observed in aquatic matrices that receive effluents from different textile industries. These compounds have the peculiarity of being resistant to the physical, chemical and biological treatments commonly used in wastewater treatment plants. Thus, alternative treatments such as advanced oxidative processes (AOP) have been considered in order to promote the degradation of this type of pollutant, being the photoperoxidation and photo-Fenton processes the most used. Therefore, the present work evaluated the efficiency of these AOP in the degradation of direct red 83 dye. It was found a greater efficiency of the photoperoxidation process, especially in the degradation of functional groups observed at 289 nm. This AOP presented a pseudo first order reaction kinetics, with rapid decay in the first minutes. The MLP (5-21-2) neural network model was able to satisfactorily predict the degradation of the dye under study. Finally, it was found that the proposed process showed no adverse effects when studying the toxicity in bacteria.
Interceptação em uma floresta ripária secundária urbana em Santarém- PA, Amazônia, Brasil
Authors: Campos Milena Míria Nobre , Sousa Mírian Santos de , Ribeiro Bruno De Oliveira , Oliveira Leidiane Leão de
Published: September 2020

The interception of rain by riparian forest trees plays an important role in the urban Amazon ecosystem. It affects all hydrological processes, as well as the spatial and temporal redistribution of moisture. The aim of this study was to evaluate rainfall interception in an area of urban riparian forest at the source of the Irurá stream, Santarém-PA. The monitoring of precipitation in the open area and precipitation in the internal area occurred with the use of Ville de Paris type rain gauges and gutters. Runoff through the trunk was monitored within a 10 m x 10 m plot. During the study period, 2,659.6 mm of rain was accounted for rainfall above the canopy, 89.3% reached the forest floor as internal precipitation and only 0.5% as runoff through the tree trunk. The trees of the urban secondary riparian forest from the source of the Irurá stream intercepted 272 mm, that is, 10.2% of the total precipitation, representing an important role for the hydrology of the area, both because it allows a high volume of water to return to the atmosphere, as by minimizing the increase in urban runoff. In this study it was possible to quantify and qualify the important role of the components for the recharge of groundwater from the urban spring.
Estudo das Rajadas de Vento no Semiárido Brasileiro
Authors: Ferreira Luana Dos Santos , Santiago Dimas De Barros , Santos Edson Matias dos , Araújo Renata Carvalho de , Lyra Roberto Fernando da Fonseca
Published: September 2020

To qualify the wind it is necessary to know its direction and speed. It may have interference in direction and wind speed location, time of year, air temperature, pressure of the earth's atmosphere, humidity, atmosphere and reliefs. Their knowledge is of essential importance in various sectors of human activity, including aircraft safety, navigation, civil construction, agriculture, renewable energy, transport and etc. The focus of this work is the gusts of wind recorded in different regions of the semiarid state of Alagoas (Arapiraca and Palmeira dos Índios) and Pernambuco (Garanhuns and Petrolina) in the period 2014-2018. were analyzed the seasonal direction of the gusts, mean annual speed and gust distributions (seasonal and daily), Maximum annual bursts, monthly gust distributions, occurrences above 15 m/s  and the day of the highest gust on the surface, to observe how behaves  the gusts, temperature, pressure and direction at the time of winds peak.
Modelagem da equação de advecção-difusão-reação e aplicação em uma usina termelétrica
Authors: Schramm Juliana , Bodmann Bardo
Published: September 2020

This work aims to create a dispersion model solving the advection-diffusion-reaction equation including the main reactions of NOx and SO2 in the atmosphere. Data from the power plant Luiz Oscar Rodrigues de Melo were used as a model application and validation of the predicted concentrations.
Análise noturna dos mecanismos que controlam os gradientes de CO2 e H2O em uma região costeira
Authors: Pinheiro Maria Eduarda Oliveira , Acevedo Otávio Costa , Oliveira Pablo Eli Soares de
Published: September 2020

Understanding the water and carbon exchange in the soil-atmosphere system and the mechanisms that control these exchanges are fundamental to have a real and adequate representation of the physical processes involved. Under stable night conditions, carbon transfer processes such as respiration and water transfer processes such as dew deposition are more difficult to study by the eddy covariance method. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms that control the exchange of water and carbon dioxide near a thermal power plant and the ocean, through the gradients of concentration of these quantities at different levels in the atmosphere. Data from the experimental site located in Linhares - ES - Brazil (19° 31'53 "S, 39° 48'03" W), 4 km from the coast and about 250 m from Linhares Geração SA thermeletric, were used. The concentrations of CO2 and H2O are measured by the AP200-Campbell system, which consists of vertically arranged chambers that pull gas flow at the following levels 1, 2, 5, 9, 15 and 20 m. In this study, a total of 67 nights (from 9 pm to 5 am), from 2017, were selected. The wind direction was from the north so that there was no interference from the thermal plant's feathers in the data analysis.
Estimando a altura da camada limite atmosférica sobre diferentes superfícies da região amazônica
Authors: Santana Raoni Aquino Silva de , Dias-Júnior Cléo Quaresma , Tóta Julio , Silva Rodrigo Da , Vale Roseilson Souza do , Andrade Antônio Marcos Delfino de , Tapajós Raphael , Mota Beatriz Freire , Vieira Kewen Antônio Souza , Santana Luis Paulo Aquino Silva de
Published: September 2020

The Atmospheric Boundary Layer height (zi) is an important quantity used in many parameterizations in surface flux calculations. However, to obtain this height, it is necessary to use atmospheric radiosonde, which can be expensive or even logistically unfeasible in some places in the Amazon. The objective of this work is to estimate zi through the spectrum of the zonal wind component above multiple surfaces of the Amazon region, comparing with the results available in the literature. The zi daily cycle information was generally consistent with minimum values at night and maximum values during the day on all surfaces studied. On the other hand, results seem to run away from expectations, such as zi being larger for the lake than for the savana. It follows that the method has potential to be used in the zi calculation, but still needs further study to improve it.
Estimativa do campo de vento em alta resolução pelo Modelo Wind Ninja para estimativa em Energia Eólica
Authors: Oliveira Júnior César Magno Leite de , Oleques Nivea Maria Barreto Nunes , Harter Fabricio Pereira , Carvalho Jonas Da Costa , Moraes Marcelo Romero de
Published: September 2020

In this work it was proposed to predict high resolution wind fields in order to simulate the wind speed and direction variables in the Cerro Chato wind complex located in the city of Santana do Livramento / RS. For this, numerical weather forecasting techniques were used, using the \ textit {Weather Research and Forecasting} (WRF) model and a microscale mass and momentum conservation model, known as Windninja. In this study, the simulated data was compared with the observation data collected by the towers of the wind farm in question, using statistical procedures. The results presented by the Windninja simulation software were efficient, but not very effective.
Analysis of the simulation of the PALM model for the Convective Boundary Layer in the Amazon (GOAMAZON 2014/5)
Authors: Carneiro Rayonil Gomes , Borges Camilla Kassar , Henkes Alice , Fisch Gilberto
Published: September 2020

The present work had the objective to evaluate the development of the convective boundary layer in the Amazon region simulated by a high resolution Large Eddy Simulation model (named PALM model), for days representative for rainy and dry seasons. The study used data from the GOAmazon Project 2014/2015 (Green Ocean Amazon). Using data from radiosondes and Ceilometer as truth values, they were compared with the simulations performed through the PALM model. The results showed that, in general, the convective boundary layer cycle for the Amazon region was well represented by PALM model. It´s outputs has showed an overestimation of ≈ 35 m in a rainy day and an underestimation of ≈ 20 m in a dry day, both in development phase of the convective layer at late morning. It was also observed that the latent heat flux profile was higher than the sensible heat in the atmosphere, because it is a region with a lot of humidity, with the boundary layer responding rapidly to the maximum surface forcing.
Arte Ambiental: Formas Relacionais na Modelagem dos Lugares
Authors: Frade Isabela
Published: September 2020

Apresentam-se as perspectivas de desenvolvimento de um projeto de intervenção artística cujo sentido se constitui pela criação de uma zona aberta e colorida no morro da Mangueira no Rio de Janeiro. Nessa modelagem do lugar, gesta-se um trabalho de arte relacional na proposição de momentos de encontro e produção de objetos para troca e contato interpessoal. Abrimos terreno para a colaboração mútua em processos criativos e reflexivos, ambos calcados na consciência ambiental pelo enlace afetivo amplificado com o espaço e a coletividade ao entorno. Seus participantes estão envolvidos na integração comunidade/escola/universidade praticando a aproximação entre o saber acadêmico, especializado, o saber docente, amplo e escolarizado, e os saberes comunitários, enraizados nas formas vitais do cotidiano e preservado em sua memória local.
LE VOYAGE DE RETOUR
Authors:   Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Cruz Camila Rodrigues Moreira
Published: September 2020

Esse artigo narra os últimos meses de uma estada de oito anos em território francês. A trajetória de uma artista e pesquisadora em artes visuais são aqui confrontadas à sua experiência exílica, vinculadas ao estudo do eu, ao reconhecimento do outro na formação do sujeito. À partir da análise de obras de artistas e obras pessoais, o texto confrontará história de vida, retratos e autorretratos, biografias e autobiografia vinculados à pesquisa teórica em torno da experiência do exilio, segundo Alexis Nouss e Walter Benjamin.
DA DIMENSÃO HISTÓRICA NA ANÁLISE DE ESTILO EM OBRAS DE ARTE: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE BOURDIEU
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Bahia, Lima Morgana Gama de
Published: September 2020

Tendo em vista a importância e a centralidade que a figura do autor ou agente realizador apresenta em estudos relacionados à investigação de questões de estilo em obras de arte, esse artigo pretende refletir como a dimensão histórica contribui no exercício interpretativo de produções culturais. Como parte de nosso percurso reflexivo, apresentamos inicialmente algumas abordagens desenvolvidas por Ernst H. Gombrich (1984; 2005), no que se refere a questões de estilo, para, posteriormente, discutir de forma mais ampla os desdobramentos dessa perspectiva histórica através da argumentação de Pierre Bourdieu em seu livro As regras da arte (2002).
O MUSEU CURADOR: APARECIMENTO, CONSERVAÇÃO E APAGAMENTO DA OBRA DE ARTE
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília, Oliveira Emerson Dionisio Gomes de
Published: September 2020

Nas últimas quatro décadas uma quantidade considerável de instituições museais, díspares em suas finalidades, voltaram-se para constituir narrativas que objetivaram propor sentidos a suas coleções e as formas de exibi-las. A hipótese central deste texto centra-se no museu curador como uma instituição capaz de produzir uma história da arte particular, nem sempre articulada com os cânones da disciplina e mais atenta às táticas e aos dispositivos de uma “cultura da curadoria”. Para tanto, buscaremos debater, um conjunto ações-em-obra que expressaram pela cultura curatorial, a existência de uma produção artística deliberadamente criada, transformada e extinta para e dentro de instituições museológicas.
DISPOSITIVO DE CAMINHADA: VALIE REPLACEMENT
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília, Souza Patricia Teles Sobreira de
Published: September 2020

Valie Replacement (2017) consiste em uma série de colagens realizadas a partir de obras pictóricas renomadas que representam figuras femininas. Pensando na dicotomia da representação da mulher nas artes, objeto x sujeito, o trabalho propõe justapor sobre os corpos das mulheres pintadas uma imagem icônica da artista Valie Export. As colagens podem ser impressas em folha de ofício e distribuídas como um dispositivo de caminhada, um objeto que opera como um propositor de deslocamento. Nesta ação, a pessoa que receber o cartaz será instruída a caminhar em busca de um local para fixá-lo (um poste, um orelhão, um ponto de ônibus, uma lixeira, etc.). O trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito da disciplina Tópicos em Poéticas Contemporâneas 2: Poéticas da Caminhada e do Deslocamento - Programa de Pós-graduação em Arte (PPG-ARTE/UnB) - ministrada pela Profa. Dra. Nivalda Assunção.
ENTRE-VISTA(S):INTERAÇÕES SEMIÓTICAS COM ANALICE DUTRA PILLAR, MOEMA MARTINS REBOUÇAS E MURILO SCÓZ
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Ramalho Sandra
Published: September 2020

Na condição de editora do número 22 da Revista Palíndromo, decidi apresentar uma entrevista múltipla, uma entre-vista(s). Primeiro, porque gostaria de dialogar com essas várias pessoas mesmo, mas a chance de se fazer uma entrevista para uma revista científica é rara. Não conseguiria, uma por ano, dar conta de todos. No número 10, entrevistei Ana Claudia de Oliveira (PUC/SP), minha orientadora de doutorado, mas agora gostaria de trazer pessoas ligadas à semiótica, sim, mas mais próximas do ensino e do ensino de arte ou da semiótica do cotidiano. Queria ouvir Analice Dutra Pillar, Professora Titular da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul/UFRGS, atuando na graduação e na pós-graduação, com vários livros publicados e editora da Revista GEARTE; Moema Lúcia Martins Rebouças, Professora Titular da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo/UFES, igualmente com atuação na graduação e pós-graduação e com várias publicações, além de membro de sociedades de ensino e pesquisa no país e no exterior; e Murilo Scóz, Professor Efetivo da UDESC, atuando na graduação em Design e na pós-graduação em Design e em Moda, líder do Grupo de Pesquisa UDESC/CNPq NEST, Núcleo de Estudos Semióticos Transdisciplinares. Como explicar, explicitar ou mesmo, como denominar essa ideia de entrevista múltipla? Semioticamente, poderia dizer que se trata de um quadrado, o quadrado semiótico, quatro pontos, os três colegas e eu; mas aqui ninguém seria oposição semântica, no máximo estaríamos gravitando na elipse semiótica, em torno dos sentidos. Pensei em justificar com as interações arriscadas, onde os acidentes dar-se-iam em virtude de ser uma entrevista tríplice, inesperada. Mas resolvi justificar mesmo pela arte e sua ânsia do inusitado, do creare, do produzir o que não existe. E do ensino de arte mesmo, que visto ainda pelos preconceituosos como convencional e padronizado, igualmente tem ânsias de infinito, de sonhar o impossível e de, ao menos, humildemente acompanhar e dialogar com os sentidos do cotidiano de hoje em dia, com suas tecnologias, angústias, crises de identidade e incertezas quanto ao futuro. E vamos ouvir, então, nossos colegas semioticistas, com quem partilho o espaço de intersecção onde se encontram arte, semiótica e educação?
Motivation et compétence à écrire au primaire : comparaison entre le clavier et le crayon
Authors: Deneault Joane , Lavoie Natalie
Published: September 2020

L’usage du numérique en classe primaire et son potentiel pour soutenir la motivation et la compétence en écriture ont fait l’objet de plusieurs études, mais peu d’entre elles ont comparé les mêmes élèves selon qu’elles·ils écrivent au crayon ou au clavier. Cette étude a pour objectif de comparer la motivation et la performance d’élèves de 2e, 4eet 6eannée du primaire (N = 254) dans ces deux conditions. Les élèves ont réalisé deux tâches d’écriture et répondu à un questionnaire évaluant leur motivation. Les scores obtenus sur les indicateurs de motivation (4) et de performance (8) ont été soumis à des tests t pour échantillons appariés. Globalement, les élèves sont plus motivé·e·s pour écrire au clavier, mais leurs performances sont meilleures au crayon. Un portrait détaillé des avantages de ces deux outils d’écriture est brossé en considérant les différents indicateurs et les niveaux scolaires.
Les résultats d’un prétest et d’un posttest dans une classe élémentaire : différencier avec le dispositif d’anticipation
Authors: Vigot Nathalie
Published: September 2020

Le présent article est consacré à l’analyse des résultats d’une classe de cours élémentaire à un prétest et à un posttest en mathématique dont la notion concerne la division euclidienne. Nous cherchons à réduire les écarts entre les élèves avancé·e·s et moins avancé·e·s avec le groupe d’anticipation. Il s’agit d’un travail dans la durée avec un groupe restreint et hétérogène d’élèves.
Pour une musique sans excuse
Authors: Guionnet Jean-Luc
Published: September 2020

Partir d’un double constat : 1) la musique est une pratique du lieu qui pourtant 2) s’en échappe dès que possible par la trivialité de l’excuse, au sens de mise hors de cause – grosso modo la situation ne serait jamais appropriée. Partant, comment rester ici quand tous les moyens sont bons pour s’en sortir ? De là, questionner la différence entre composition et improvisation à l’aune de cette accusation de fuir les circonstances à tout bout de champ, en construisant l’analogie hypothétique suivante : l’improvisation est à la composition ce que la science-fiction ou l’anticipation est à l’utopie. Et aboutir finalement à ceci que moins l’excuse est possible plus la musique a lieu. Ou encore, rendre une musique possible peut revenir à se frayer une ligne entre les excuses. Ces méditations sont d’abord issues du grand nombre de discussions que j’ai pu avoir avant, pendant, ou après tel ou tel concert ; ce texte en garde la forme dialoguée tout en pariant qu’un impersonnel s’en dégage.
S’entendre sur le soundpainting
Authors: Lê Quang Vincent , Canonne Clément
Published: September 2020

Dans cet entretien, Vincent Lê Quang revient sur sa pratique du soundpainting, et discute en particulier des rapports qu’entretient le soundpainting avec l’improvisation, la composition et la direction d’orchestre.
Politiser l’économie : comment la théorie du capital comme pouvoir peut repenser la couverture journalistique de la Banque du Canada
Authors: Lamoureux Samuel
Published: September 2020

Pour la théorie du capital comme pouvoir, la Banque du Canada n’est pas indépendante, mais bien une institution politique qui fait amplement partie du mode de pouvoir du capitalisme financier. Les journalistes économiques québécois interviewés dans cette étude couvrent toutefois la banque centrale comme une institution plus indépendante que les politiciens et considèrent son discours comme de la science. Cette situation est renforcée par l’omniprésence des économistes néoclassiques dans l’espace public, par le manque de disponibilité des sources critiques universitaires, mais aussi par les contraintes de vitesse de publication. Conséquemment, les journalistes économiques renforcent l’hégémonie du discours néoclassique dans l’espace public, et donc légitiment l’ordre institutionnel du capitalisme financier.
The Educational Reforms of the 1990s in Sweden and Their Consequences in the End of the 2010s
Authors: Daun Holger
Published: September 2020

In the beginning of the 1990s, Sweden implemented educational reforms of the same type as in several other countries: privatisation, decentralisation and freedom of choice. The steering of the education system was changed from highly centralised and a very limited number of students
in private schools to an extremely decentralised system and with an increasing number of private providers of education. The results almost 30 years later are not very encouraging. The most apparent feature is declining results in the international tests
A Look at Interethnic Contact and Social Distance in Vision School Environment in Malaysia
Authors: Vellymalay Suresh Kumar N
Published: September 2020

This study examines the interethnic adaptation and friendship patterns of students in the Malaysian Vision School setting. A total of 541 primary students from 11 schools within five different Vision School complexes participated in this study. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative
data from the students. Findings of friendship patterns indicate that students are more inclined towards their own ethnicity rather than students from different ethnic groups. In terms of adaptation, students prefer and choose to befriend others within their own ethnicity. It is clear that
the strong preference for in-group friendship thereby draws boundaries and creates social distance among students.
Effect of nest age and habitat variables on nest survival in Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) in a fishpond habitat
Authors: Zaremba Urszula , Kasprzykowski Zbigniew , Golawski Artur
Published: September 2020

Background

One important anti‐predator strategy adopted by birds involves nest site selection and timing of breeding. Nest-site selection by marsh-nesting birds often involves nest concealment and water depth as key features influencing nest survival. Marsh Harrier(Circus aeruginosus)is an obligate ground nester, which sets it apart from other raptors. The aim of the present study was to identify for the first time possible temporal and habitat factors affecting nest survival in Marsh Harrier. Understanding features which affect nest survival are essential for assessing relevant conservation strategies.

Methods

To understand the relative contributions of different temporal and habitat variables to brood losses, it is useful to determine the daily survival rate (DSR). We examined 82 Marsh Harrier nests located on fishponds in eastern Poland, where predation is the main cause of nest loss. Six habitat variables were measured for each active nest. DSR was calculated using known-fate models with the RMark package.

Results

The best-supported model predicted that DSR decreased with nest age and was positively affected by the water depth and the diameter of reed stems, but not by the height or density of vegetation at the nest site. The distances of nests to the fishpond dyke and to open water received no support in the models. The chances of nest survival were lower if a neighbouring nest had been depredated. This result suggests that the Marsh Harrier is more susceptible to mammalian than avian predation and confirms the high level of predator pressure in fishpond habitats.
Urban Growth Influence on Land Cover Dynamics across Obio/Akpor Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Ogoro Mark , Uche Eze Allen , Chukwudi Dollah Osademe
Published: September 2020

The study examined urban growth and land cover dynamics across Obio/Akpor, Local Government Area Rivers State. Landsat images were derived for the period of 1986 which was regarded as the base year, 2010 and 2018. The images were imported and analyzed using the spatial analysis tools in the ArcGIS environment to determine the extent of growth induced by change in features (water bodies, swamp forest, other forest, and Anthropogenic/built-up) coverage across the region. Findings revealed that there was a continuous decrease in the areas covered by water bodies, swamp forest, and forest between the periods of 1986 through 2010. It also revealed an increase in anthropogenic activities during the same periods of 1986 through 2018. As at 2018, as compared to 1986 which serves as the base year, there was a noticeable decrease in land area covered by water, in the tune of 13.946 sq km in 2018 as against 20.433 sq km in 1986 amounting to 68 percent decrease in surface covered by water bodies. Also, as at 2018, as compared to 1986 there is a noticeable decrease in the surface covered by swamp and other forest types in the tune of 18.102 and 99.693 sq km  respectively as compared to 4.,986 and 17.498 sq km of surface cover respectively. On the other hand anthropogenic altered surfaces had a level of increase in the area covered by Anthropogenic/built-up developmental activities as at 2018 amounting to a tune of 14.399 sq km  of surface area altered by anthropogenic activities as at 2018 as compared to 38.267 sq km  of surface cover altered by human activities as at 1986 which when compared gave an increase in area covered by anthropogenic activities indicating an increase of over 100 percent between the base year of 1986 through 2018.
A Review on Herbal Remedies for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) from Melghat Region of Maharashtra State, India
Authors: Atre Nitin M. , Khedkar Dinesh D.
Published: September 2020

Melghat means "meeting of ghats" region well known for "Melghat Tiger Reserve (MTR)" located in the north-western compact block of Amravati district in Maharashtra state, India. This literature review aimed to compile and document the herbal remedies for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) as Gonorrhoea, anti-HIV Leucorrhoea, Sexual Transmitted Diseases (STDs), and Syphilis in Melghat region. A total of 167 medicinal plant species from Melghat distributed among 137 genera, and 66 families have complied for Gonorrhea (103), Syphilis (85), Leucorrhoea (84), anti-HIV (10), and STD (01). Plant families like Lythraceae (17 species), Malvaceae (11 species), Moraceae (8 species), Euphorbiaceae (8 species), Acanthaceae (6 species), Amaranthaceae (6 species), Verbenaceae (6 species), were most frequently occurred in the study. Trees represented 34.13% of species, followed by Herbs (32.33%), Shrubs (20.95%), Climbers (10.17%), Grasses (1.19%), Orchids (0.59%) and Aquatic (0.59%). Leaves were the most commonly used plant parts; it accounts 19% followed by roots (18%), whole plant (13%), bark (13%), seeds (7%), fruits (6%), stem (5%), flowers (5%), etc. Curated data presented as botanical names, families, local names, habitat, floristic area (in Melghat), ailments, part used with relevant ethnobotanical citations were documented and thus offers scope for researchers engaged in herbal drug discovery and development.
Adoption of Napier Grass [Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone] among Livestock Farmers in Botswana: Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors: Mogotsi K. , Koobonye M. , Galesekwe K. , Odubeng M.
Published: September 2020

In order to assess the current adoption level of Napier grass [Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.)] in Botswana as well as identify barriers hindering its uptake and effective use, data collection was done through a field survey of purposively selected sample of livestock farmers in North East District and adjacent parts of Central District. Findings of the study indicated that even though farmers’ overall perception towards Napier grass was positive, adoption levels were still low. Numerous challenges in Napier grass production included recurrent droughts, non-irrigation, limited access to planting/propagation material, shortage of labor, poor agronomic practices as well as lack of technical knowledge on management and utilization of the fodder grass. Even though adoption levels are still low, opportunities do exist to accelerate future uptake. For example, farmers proposed strategic interventions such as well packaged and targeted education on Napier grass production, subsidized borehole drilling, equipping and water reticulation for irrigation of fodder crops in their farming areas and more technical support from extension officers. Going forward, in order to achieve increased impact with Napier grass, the current extension approach in dissemination and adoption can therefore be effectively targeted primarily at farmers likely to accept and use the technology, instead of expecting every farmer within an agro-ecological zone to comprehensively implement the recommended technology disregarding feasibility, profitability and acceptability of such introduced fodder technology to individual farmers.
Epidemiological Profile of Patients Seen at a Health Specialty Outpatient Clinic in an Amazon Region
Authors: Sardinha Daniele Melo , Prazeres Pedrinha do Socorro Castro dos , Valois Rubenilson Caldas , Baia Erivelton do Carmo , Costa Gabriel Fazzi , Garcez Juliana Conceição Dias , Lobato Diana da Costa , Vasconcelos Lidiane Assunção de , Ferreira Ana Lúcia da Silva , Junior Eimar Neri de Oliveira , Silva Ana Gracinda Ignácio da
Published: September 2020

Objective: Describe the epidemiological profile of patients seen in an outpatient clinic in a region of the Amazon.

Methodology: A cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive survey with a quantitative approach, conducted in an outpatient clinic of health specialties of a Private Higher Education Institution (HEI) of Belém-Pará, from February to March 2019. With a range of 100 participants. From the application of a form on the socio-demographic, health and food profile. The data were analyzed by Bioestat version 5.3.

Results: 65% female, average age 43, 67% up to a minimum wage, 54% single, 51% with complete high school, 86% from the metropolitan region of Belém, 76% own a home, 75% have basic sanitation, 56% have running water, 50% with a family group of 4 to 6 members, 81% are not smokers, 59% are not alcoholics, 93% have no health plan, 42% in medical treatment, 72% report complete immunization, 79% 3 to 4 meals/day, 59% do not consume canned food, 62% consume fried food weekly, 52% consume fruit and vegetables daily, 60% consume red meat weekly, 51% consume white meat weekly, 50% do not consume soft drinks, 37% do not practice physical activities.

Conclusion: Are young adults, with low schooling, low income, inadequate nutrition, who do not engage in physical activities, however most of them have a current vaccination picture, and inadequate basic sanitation. These are determining factors in the quality of life of these individuals, being characteristics of a developing country, and that health interventions and policies should be implemented to promote health.
Financial Development, Remittances Inflows and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Olabisi Eric Olabode , Ogbeide Sunday Oseiweh
Published: September 2020

This study examines whether financial development promotes remittances inflows and Nigerian economic growth. Using a time-series data for a period of 1985-2017, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique was employed. The results suggest that financial development in Nigeria exerted no significant impact on economic growth. It is an indication that financial development is not a significant variable for promoting remittances inflows into Nigeria. However, the study concludes that remittances inflows are a substitute for promoting individual’s financial business opportunities and economic growth. The study therefore recommends that the government should strengthen the Nigeria financial institution, and also institute a financial reform initiative that can enhance financial security as well as ease of accessing remittances inflows.
Ocular genetics in the genomics age
Authors: Walter Michael A. , Rezaie Tayebeh , Hufnagel Robert B. , Arno Gavin
Published: September 2020

Current genetic screening methods for inherited eye diseases are concentrated on the coding exons of known disease genes (gene panels, clinical exome). These tests have a variable and often limited diagnostic rate depending on the clinical presentation, size of the gene panel and our understanding of the inheritance of the disorder (with examples described in this issue). There are numerous possible explanations for the missing heritability of these cases including undetected variants within the relevant gene (intronic, up/down‐stream and structural variants), variants harbored in genes outside the targeted panel, intergenic variants, variants undetectable by the applied technology, complex/non‐Mendelian inheritance, and nongenetic phenocopies. In this article we further explore and review methods to investigate these sources of missing heritability.
A novel independent harmonic tuned two‐port output network for efficiency enhanced RF power amplifiers
Authors: Banerjee Deepayan , Saxena Antra , Hashmi Mohammad
Published: September 2020

This article introduces a simple two‐port harmonic tuned output network‐based design of RF Power Amplifiers. The proposed output network facilitates mutual independence between the fundamental, second, and third harmonic impedances, which thereby eases the tuning process. The proposed two‐port harmonic tuning network has been synthesized, fabricated, and measured separately to demonstrate the harmonic independence behavior. Thorough graphical and analytical deductions are provided for the design scheme. The proposed design strategy has been validated with a Cree 10 W GaN HEMT based fabricated prototype at 2.4 GHz. The measured results show an obtained drain efficiency up to 82.3% and a gain of > 11.0 dB.
Consumer Motivations to Create Alternative Consumption Platforms
Authors: Bajaj Neha , Steel Marion , Ogden Steve , Rahman Kaleel
Published: September 2020

Consumers are participating in alternative consumption channels in increasing numbers, but increasingly they are becoming creators as well as consumers. The triggers and motivations that lead to consumers becoming creators have been explored in this paper, as we examine the motivations for consumers to become initiators of Collaborative or Alternative Consumption platforms. In-depth interviews examined initiators’ experiences and found that unmet needs from existing retail providers triggered the move to creation. However, the impetus to move from unmet needs to creation included specific intentions. The findings uncover six motivations to create Collaborative or Alternative platforms, with most creators noting two or more motivating elements. This research demonstrates that consumers can be initiators, and creators of alternative consumption platforms and provides an original perspective to understand the consumers in this context.
Modeling of COVID-19 Outbreak Indicators in China Between January and June
Authors: Celik Senol , Ankarali Handan , Pasin Ozge
Published: September 2020

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to compare the various nonlinear and time series models in describing the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China. To this aim, we focus on 2 indicators: the number of total cases diagnosed with the disease, and the death toll.

Methods:

The data used for this study are based on the reports of China between January 22 and June 18, 2020. We used nonlinear growth curves and some time series models for prediction of the number of total cases and total deaths. The determination coefficient (R2), mean square error (MSE), and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were used to select the best model.

Results:

Our results show that while the Sloboda and ARIMA (0,2,1) models are the most convenient models that elucidate the cumulative number of cases; the Lundqvist-Korf model and Holt linear trend exponential smoothing model are the most suitable models for analyzing the cumulative number of deaths. Our time series models forecast that on 19 July, the number of total cases and total deaths will be 85,589 and 4639, respectively.

Conclusion:

The results of this study will be of great importance when it comes to modeling outbreak indicators for other countries. This information will enable governments to implement suitable measures for subsequent similar situations.
The Sri Lankan twin registry biobank: South Asia's first twin biobank
Authors: Jayaweera Kaushalya , Warnakula Lakshan , Dissanayake Lasith , Adikari Anushka , Siribaddana Sisira , Zavos Helena M. S. , Rijsdijk Fruhling , Zunszain Patricia A. , Pariante Carmine M. , Glozier Nick , Hotopf Matthew , Sumathipala Athula
Published: September 2020

Introduction

Biobanks are a valuable resource for creating advancements in science through cutting-edge omics research. Twin research methods allow us to understand the degree to which genetics and environmental factors contribute to health outcomes.

Methods

The Sri Lankan Twin Registry biobank (SLTR-b) was established in 2015 as part of Colombo Twin and Singleton Follow-up Study. Venous blood and urine were collected from twins and comparative sample of singletons for clinical investigations and biobanking.

Results

The SLTR-b currently houses 3369 DNA and serum samples. Biobank specimens are linked to longitudinal questionnaire data, clinical investigations, anthropometric measurements, and other data.

Discussion

The SLTR-b aims to address gaps in health and genetics research. It will provide opportunities for academic collaborations, local and international, and capacity building of future research leaders in twin and omics research. This paper provides a cohort profile of the SLTR-b and its linked data, and an overview of the strategies used for biobanking.
Place matters: government capacity, community characteristics, and social capital across United States counties
Authors: McCall Jamie R. , Bussing Austin , Hoyman Michele M. , Paarlberg Laurie E.
Published: September 2020

Communities with high levels of social capital enjoy an array of positive economic and community development outcomes. We assess the role of several key community characteristics, including the strength of government institutions, in explaining local social capital variation. The analysis draws on data from United States counties and includes regression modelling and a Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition to explore differences in social capital across an area’s metropolitan status and region. The data show social capital determinants vary by place both due to the endowment levels of these determinantsandthe productive value of their coefficients. For example, the coefficient productive values of government capacity explain some differences in social capital levels across metropolitan status (butnotacross region). Concurrently, variations in government capacity endowment levels help explain some differences in social capital levels across region (butnotacross metropolitan status).
The association between purchasing locally produced food and diet quality among adults in Puerto Rico
Authors: Marrero Abrania , Tamez Martha , Rodríguez-Orengo José F , Mattei Josiemer
Published: September 2020

Objective:

Diminished diet quality in the Caribbean and other island settings may be related to a dietary transition from local foods towards imported products. The current study aimed to characterise the association between intentionally purchasing local foods (IPLF) and diet quality in Puerto Rico (PR).

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

Primary care clinics in the PR metropolitan area.

Participants:

Data were obtained from adult participants (30–75 years; n 243) of the Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle, and Diseases. IPLF was probed by asking: ‘How often do you purposely purchase foods from PR (like fruits, vegetables, meat and other products that are produced on the island rather than being imported)?’ Dietary intake was measured using a FFQ, and diet quality was assessed by the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (range 0–110; higher scores indicating higher diet quality). Multivariate-adjusted generalised linear models tested the association between IPLF and Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI) and its component scores.

Results:

A third (33·9 %) of participants reported seldom, 33·5 % reported often and 30·6 % reported always IPLF. Compared with seldom IPLF, fully adjusted mean AHEI scores were 3·6 (P = 0·038) points higher among those often IPLF and 9·3 (P < 0·0001) points higher among those always IPLF. Compared with seldom IPLF, those who always IPLF had significantly higher fully adjusted mean component scores for vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts and legumes, trans fat and n-3 fats.

Conclusions:

Adults in PR who intentionally purchase local foods had higher diet quality, especially for intake of plant-based foods and healthy fats, highlighting potential dietary benefits associated with improved local food availability in PR.