bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direitos decisórios e de contribuição nas estratégias de TI: Estudo em uma empresa de grande porte no Estado do RS
Authors: Fontana Karen Hackbart Souza , Thiel Geruza Rodrigues , Vanti Adolfo Alberto , Solana Pedro Gonzalez
Published: December 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio da matriz de arranjos de governança e arquétipos políticos abordados por Weill e Ross (2006), a participação de gestores nos direitos decisórios e de contribuição nas estratégias de TI em uma empresa de grande porte no Estado do RS. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, delineado por meio de um estudo de caso. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que a maioria das decisões-chave relacionadas à Governança de TI são tomadas por Duopólio de TI. O Duopólio consiste em decisões estratégicas de TI por meio de executivos de TI conjuntamente a algum outro grupo da empresa, por exemplo, CxOs ou líderes de unidades de negócios. Com relação à contribuição para a tomada de decisão, percebe-se que o arquétipo predominante é a Monarquia de TI, ou seja, a participação exclusiva de indivíduos ligados à área de TI. Nota-se, dessa forma, o forte envolvimento de profissionais de TI no processo decisório da empresa estudada. Essa parceria entre administradores seniores e líderes de TI no processo decisório pode auxiliar o alinhamento entre TI e estratégias de negócios e fornecer expectativas realistas para a TI.
Phenoloxidase activity of micromycetes strains isolated from the rhizosphere of vegetable leguminous crops
Authors: Kurkina Yu. N.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. Microscopic fungi exhibit the greatest exoenzymatic activity, and xylotrophs are capable of possessing a complex of oxidase and hydrolase enzymes to destroy lignin.

Methods. Among the soil micromycetes isolated from the rhizosphere of annual leguminous crops, a search was made for strains that are promising from the point of view of effective microorganism technology, in order to create optimal conditions for increasing soil fertility and crop yields. The detection of total phenol oxidase activity was carried out according to the method of Bavendamm, cultivating the strains on microbiological agar with the addition of an aromatic lignin derivative (0.06% tannin) and the growth factor was calculated. The cellulase activity of the strains was judged by the degree of hydrolysis of the filter paper. Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris, Botrytis fabae, Cunninghamella echinulata, Curvularia lunata, Macrophoma phaseolicola, Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma viride and Ulocladium botrytis strains were found to cleave lignin and cellulose.

Results. When comparing the phenoloxidase activity of the strains, it was proposed to take into account the growth factor, expressed as the ratio of the diameter of the colony on the substrate with the addition of tannin to the diameter of the colony without tannin. Thus, perspective strains of T. koningii and U. botrytis strains with respect to the complex activity of enzymes were identified. The strains C. lunata, A. alternata and B. australiensis showed high cellulase activity. The strain of non-pathogenic soil fungus C. echinulata has the ability to degrade lignin
Uniform application for protection of a tomato from root rots in an open ground of the middle Russia region
Authors: Engalycheva N. A. , Engalychev D. I. , Alekseeva K. L.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. Significant harm to the culture of tomato, speaking about the middle Russia open ground plantations, is caused by fungal diseases, among which the most common are Fusarium wilt, late blight, alternariosis. To reduce the harmfulness of diseases, it is important to create stable and precocious hybrids that can give most of the crop before the mass development of diseases occurs. The complex system of protection includes preventive measures, the use of growth regulators possessing protective and stimulating action, application of biological preparations and fungicidal treatment. In terms of epiphytotic diseases, the most effective are chemicals, among which the increasing use get multipurpose products, involving several antifungal ingredients.

Methods. The article presents the test results of the Uniform fungicide (321,7 g/l Аsoxystrobin + 123,7 g/l to Мefenoxam) against root rot of open ground tomato culture, grown in Moscow region. The estimation of biological and economic efficiency of Uniform application depending on the rate of consumption and multiplicity of treatments was carried out. The tomato Donskoy F1 hybrid, grown on drip irrigation, was used in experiments. Threefold background mode treatment of plants against late blight was carried out by fungicide Revus Top: at the onset of the first symptoms of the disease and hereinafter with 14 days intervals. Flow rate was 0.5 l/ha with solution consumption reaching 200 l/ha. Treatment of tomato plants by Uniform fungicide was performed by watering at the root under the flow rates of 0.9 l/ha and 1.5 l/ha and solution consumption of 200 l/ha. First application of seedlings was performed when planting, the second – 20 days after the first. The area of experimental plots was 20 m2, area of account plots was 10 m2. The repetition of account monitoring was fourfold.

Results. The best results were achieved when using Uniform at the rate of 1.5 l/ha by root watering during transplanting and repeatedly at 20 days intervals. An increase in survival rate of seedlings, reduction of incidence of root rot by 81.2-86.9% and tomato yield increase by 29.7% to control under the influence of Uniform treatments were observed.
Evaluation of the resistance of the breeding material beetroot to Cercospora amid epiphytoty in greenhouses the Moscow region
Authors: Kozar E. G. , Vetrova S. A. , Engalycheva I. A. , Fedorova M. I.
Published: December 2019

Relevance.An important feature that determines the technological qualities of varieties and hybrids of beetroot is an erect, compact leaf rosette that persists until the end of the vegetation of plants. In this regard, much attention is paid to the selection of resistance to diseases affecting the leaves of plants, including Cercospora beticola Sacc. When creating resistant to Cercospora interline hybrids based on CMS, the selection of parent components plays an important role. In agroclimatic conditions of the Moscow region, Cercospora on industrial beetroot rarely reaches an economically significant threshold of harmfulness. However, in 2019, epiphytic development of Cercospora on summer first-year crops was observed in the block film greenhouse of the «Federal Scientific Vegetable Center», which allowed to assess the promising breeding material.

Material and method. Phytomonitoring on beetroot plantings and sowing of the experimental production Department of the «Federal Scientific Vegetable Center» growing was carried out by methods of visual diagnostics and microscopy. Cercospora lesion in the breeding nursery was evaluated on an 11-point scale, the ranking of samples into five groups of resistance - according to the degree of disease development (R%). Analyzed: 28 sterile lines (А); 13 fertile lines of fixers (В); 25 lines of pollinators (С) and 38 hybrid F1 (АхВхС).

Results. It was found that more than half of the studied lines were receptive to Cercospora. The share of relatively resistant lines was 13%. Most of them (8%) are ms - lines « obtained by pollination of CMS with mf-lines В. A close relationship (r=0.86-0.89) between the index of lesion of fixators and the degree of disease development of ms- lines was revealed, in some simple combinations a positive effect of heterosis on resistance to Cercospora relative to mf-В was noted. In the submitted sample F1 hybrids mainly observed between the nature of inheritance according to the degree of disease development (R, %), mixed effects the base line stability of pollinator mf-С (r=0,32) and a closer correlation of the stability of hybrid offspring the F1 with the resistant parent ms-line А (r=0.55). As a result of the evaluation, the most resistant to Cercospora ms- and mf-lines and derived from them hybrid F1, among which only 9% were included in the group of relatively resistant to C. beticola.
Complex machines for the production of onions on resource-saving technologies
Authors: Larushin N. P. , Pivovarov V. F. , Kuharev O. N. , Vershinin Yu. A.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. The most common and most mastered method of growing onions, used in the middle zone of the Russian Federation, as well as in the northern part of European countries, is the cultivation of turnip onions from onion. It is believed that this method provides 75% of the production of the entire onion harvest. Due to the sharp increase in the prices of energy carriers, fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural machinery, the production of sharp varieties of onions, grown in the crop, has become unprofitable, and marketable products have lost competitiveness due to high costs. Significant changes in the reduction of labor costs can be achieved by improving the technology and technical means for the production of onions, creating conditions for their work. The effectiveness of designs for sowing seeds of onions, onion sets and planting onions-uterus is determined by the uniform distribution of the bulbs by area of nutrition, depth and their embedding.

Results. The material presented in the work is devoted to the analysis of designs and some results of studies of a complex of machines for the production of onions developed in the Penza GAU.
Formation of resistance to hypothermia varieties Fragaria x ananassa Duch, different ecological-geographical origin in autumn period
Authors: Prudnikov P. S. , Ozherelieva Z. E. , Krivushina D. A. , Zubkova M. I.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. One of the most important factors which can influence on the growth and development of strawberries is the negative temperature in winter and especially in its snowless period. We were interested to study special aspects of the oxidative stress, accumulation of protector’s conjunctions, antioxidant and water status in autumn period of varieties strawberry garden different ecologicalgeographical origin in the conditions of the Orel region.

Methods. The objects of the research were the leaves of Fragaria ananassa of different ecological and geographical origin in autumn period: Tsaritsa, Alba, Sara, Korona, Kokinskaya Rannya, Solovushka, Urozhainaya TsGL.

Results. As the result was shown that in autumn period, when plants began preprocessing for winter, strawberry varieties Solovushka, Tsaritsa, Sara and Korona have been marked by increased antioxidant activity (for example, the enzymes SOD and catalase), little formation of reactive oxygen species and, in the end, low structural and functional damage to cell membranes. Also it was shown an increase in bound and a decrease in free water in the leaves of plants when the temperature decreased. At the same time, in the end of autumn, on the background of high content of free proline (19.38-29.73 mg/kg) and sucrose (2.65-6.46 mg/g), the varieties Solovushka, Tsaritsa, Sara and Korona had the highest ratio of bound/free water (4.10-8.10) in comparison with the with Urozhainaya TsGL and Alba. Thus, the varieties Solovushka, Tsaritsa, Sara and Korona are characterized by high adaptability to the winter conditions in the Orel region.
Types, Courses and Outcomes of Renal Failure in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Experience
Authors: TOMBAK Anıl , KIYKIM Ahmet Alper , ÇİMEN Mehmet Burak Yavuz , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine how to eliminate the treatment uncertainties, and correct and prevent inappropriate treatment in patients with renal failure.Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the biochemistry department’s records of 438 patients with creatinine values >1.5 mg/dL that were followed-up at our hospital for the last five years. Demographics, type of renal dysfunction, related risk factors (use of nephrotoxic agents, surgical procedures, comorbidity, etc.), dialysis treatment, complications, and clinical outcome of these patients were recorded and analyzed.Results: The most important result of the study is that the quality of the medical data recorded was very poor. The most common type of acute renal injury was prerenal acute renal injury. Among the cases, the most common etiological factors were dehydration and use of nephrotoxic agents. Surgical procedures and comorbid conditions facilitated the development of renal dysfunction, and all complications observed were more common and serious in the elderly patients. Among the patients with chronic renal injury, more of those with diabetic nephropathy required hospitalization. Interestingly, nosocomial infections were the most common cause of mortality in the patients hospitalized due to renal dysfunction.Conclusion: Only a few medical records were suitable for retrospective evaluation. We think that if the quality of hospital data collection/storage systems could be improved, the quality of research data obtained in such studies would likewise improve and these data will bring preventive and corrective approach to mortality and morbidity.
Constitucionalismo contemporâneo e constituição ficcional fundadora: o caráter construtivo e fictício das interpretações à luz da matriz direito-literatura
Authors: Karam Henriete , Espindola Angela Araujo da Silveira
Published: December 2019

Centrado na temática “constitucionalismo e literatura”, inserido no contexto das reflexões da Constituição Balzaquiana e vinculado à matriz direito-literatura como referencial teórico e, simultaneamente, como metodologia de abordagem, com incursões na fenomenologia hermenêutica e na psicanálise, este artigo funde olhares jurídicos, e literários, para construir a Constituição de 1988 e narrar o constitucionalismo contemporâneo, descrevendo a Constituição não como lei fundamental, mas antes como Constituição ficcional fundadora, que é também filtro de narratividade para a interpretação constitucional.
Mapeamento de processos de uma empresa de laticínios
Authors: Dos Santos Marieli Ferreira , Faoro Roberta Rodrigues , Matte Juliana , Miri Daniel Hank , De Carvalho Mayron Dalla Santa , Welchen Vandoir , Chais Cassiane , Ganzer Paula Patricia , Olea Pelayo Munhoz
Published: December 2019

Para o êxito na melhoria dos processos produtivos, é relevante realizar o mapeamento e os ajustes através do redesenho de processos. Nesta perspectiva, a tecnologia da informação é aliada. Os mapas de processos mostram os eventos que produzem um resultado final, tornando-se uma ferramenta de planejamento e gestão que descreve visualmente o fluxo de trabalho. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar e propor melhorias nos processos produtivos de uma empresa gaúcha do ramo de laticínios. Um diagnóstico empresarial foi realizado e os dados foram obtidos por meio de informações disponibilizadas pela empresa participante deste estudo. Os resultados sugerem pontos de melhoria com o auxílio da tecnologia da informação que objetivam a redução de desperdícios, do uso de recursos e de ociosidade, ao passo que eleva a confiabilidade dos dados necessários à gestão e estimulam maior agilidade nos processos que, por fim, otimizam o tempo produtivo.Para o êxito na melhoria dos processos produtivos, é relevante realizar o mapeamento e os ajustes através do redesenho de processos. Nesta perspectiva, a tecnologia da informação é aliada. Os mapas de processos mostram os eventos que produzem um resultado final, tornando-se uma ferramenta de planejamento e gestão que descreve visualmente o fluxo de trabalho. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar e propor melhorias nos processos produtivos de uma empresa gaúcha do ramo de laticínios. Um diagnóstico empresarial foi realizado e os dados foram obtidos por meio de informações disponibilizadas pela empresa participante deste estudo. Os resultados sugerem pontos de melhoria com o auxílio da tecnologia da informação que objetivam a redução de desperdícios, do uso de recursos e de ociosidade, ao passo que eleva a confiabilidade dos dados necessários à gestão e estimulam maior agilidade nos processos que, por fim, otimizam o tempo produtivo.
EXPOUNDING PROPHETIC BUILDING PRINCIPLES ON THE SITE LAYOUT RE-DESIGN OF CONTEMPORARY RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS
Authors: Babangida Hamza
Published: December 2019

The prophetic building principles (PBP) in this paper refer to building precedents in which the prophet of Islam applied in the construction of various building typologies. This paper went a step further to demonstrate how they could be expounded in the site layout designs of contemporary housing neighborhoods to achieve a satisfactory environment for Muslims. A triangulation of literature search and case study methods were adopted as the guiding methodology. The case study was used to demonstrate how the PBP was expounded in the redesign of the site layout of the Sardauna housing estate in Katsina. The first PBP expounded in the redesign results in the introduction of Friday mosque, daily prayer mosques, and educational institutions, while the second was achieved through overall redesign of the initial layout from the gridiron to the cluster layout concept. The third PBP of promoting a classless community was achieved by placing residents of different socioeconomic status together within a cluster. The last PBP has affected the management of the ecosystem. It was achieved through the provision of multiple sources of water to sustain wildlife and plants, provision of additional walkways, reduced walking distances, and reduced tarred roads. This study shows that contemporary site layouts of residential neighborhoods could be designed in line with Islamic values and yet achieves universally acceptable design criteria.
PESQUISA BIBLIOGRÁFICA SOBRE OS ESTUDOS CIENTÍFICOS RELACIONADOS COM O BITCOIN E A BLOCKCHAIN
Authors: Castañeda-Ayarza Juan Arturo , Neves Cíntia , Frazão Teixeira André
Published: December 2019

No desenvolvimento das tecnologias de informação e internet, as moedas digitais representam uma nova dinâmica tecnológica e monetária. Em 2008, surgiu o Bitcoin, uma moeda virtual em forma de código de computador que se caracteriza por estar livre de vínculos com autoridades monetárias e por não possuir nacionalidade. O crescente interesse no Bitcoin também é encontrado na ciência. Assim, nosso objetivo foi mapear o conhecimento científico desenvolvido acerca do Bitcoin e da tecnologia Blockchain. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica em duas bases de dados, Science Direct e Scielo, mapearam-se, entre 2008 e 2018, 432 publicações, das quais 80% aconteceram entre 2016 e 2018, evidenciando-se o acelerado crescimento da produção científica. Os principais assuntos pesquisados estão relacionados com o mercado de Bitcoin, a segurança e eficiência da tecnologia Blockchain, o mercado ilegal, além das potenciais aplicações em áreas como energia, saúde, economia compartilhada, Big Data e Internet das Coisas.
PROVEDOR DE SERVIÇOS LOGÍSTICOS – PERSPECTIVAS DO MODELO 4PL
Authors: Vivaldini Mauro
Published: December 2019

A partir de uma abordagem teórica, esta pesquisa explora e analisa a terceirização logística, com foco específico no modelo 4PL. A intenção é saber qual é o entendimento que se tem desse provedor e apresentar os principais fatores que o caracterizam, bem como que perspectivas ele tem pela frente. Este trabalho, trazendo uma discussão do tema amparada pela teoria, contribui com uma análise de seu papel nas operações logísticas, bem como apresenta e discute os principais fatores que definem suas atividades, os pontos críticos e as perspectivas. As discussões apresentadas apontam fatores relacionados a perspectivas futuras do 4PL, servindo de base para diversas novas pesquisas, uma vez que sinalizam proposições a respeito desse modelo de prestação de serviços logísticos.
EDITORIAL: A UTILIZAÇÃO DO FAST-TRACK EM PUBLICAÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS
Authors: De Queiroz Machado Diego
Published: December 2019

Editorial.
Legal regulation of scientific activity in the Russian Federation: general trends through prism of private problems
Authors: Putilo Natalia V. , Shupletsova Yulia I.
Published: December 2019

The main attention in the article is paid to the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, namely: the problems of Russian science outlined in it. Summarizing these problems, the authors conclude that the main problem is the management of the process of obtaining scientific knowledge that is inadequate to modern challenges, the result of which is: lagging of research topics from current requirements, leakage of scientific personnel abroad, low efficiency of organizations involved in scientific research, etc. Based on the existing regulatory framework and research on this issue, the article gives an author’s vision of the necessary changes in the management of science, which are based on a radical review of the legal status of individuals engaged in scientific activities.
Tolerance to plagiarism in the Russian scientific community
Authors: Abalkina Anna A.
Published: December 2019

During last decade Russian research is characterized, on the one hand, by a rather high level of academic dishonesty, and on the other, by the activity of some scientific community to fight academic misconduct, which should lead to the adjustment of the norms on the admissibility of plagiarism or other forms of violation of academic ethics. However, a sufficiently large part of the academic community is not only tolerant to plagiarism, but also demonstrates a protest reaction on the establishment of obvious norms on the unacceptability of plagiarism. We analyzed the texts of the decisions of dissertation councils on the requests for with drawal of academic degree and identified the main methods of legitimizing plagiarism in the scientific community. Their analysis will allow us to conclude that the concept of plagiarism in the Russian scientific community is quite vague and that the part of the scientific community that justifies plagiarism is conservative enough from outside influence, or that it itself takes part in the dissertation business and is able to use the most absurd explanations to justify plagiarism.
AAD-69
Authors: Orlandi Eni Puccinelli
Published: December 2019

Há um acontecimento discursivo maior no domínio da análise de discurso que festejamos neste ano: os 50 anos da publicação, pela editora Dunod, de Paris, do livro fundador de Michel Pêcheux Analyse Automatique du Discours. Este acontecimento tem sido festejado por nós de várias maneiras. Antes de tudo, em nosso cotidiano de pesquisadores da linguagem, por darmos um lugar importante à leitura deste, e de outros textos do autor, e reconhecer, nesta obra, um forte instrumento na formação de analistas de discurso.
Algoritmizar a língua?
Authors: Adorno Guilherme
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender o funcionamento das dificuldades e dos obstáculos decorrentes dos procedimentos automáticos no desenvolvimento da teoria discursiva. Para esta tarefa, o material de análise é composto pelos textos analíticos resultados do projeto da Análise Automática do Discurso (AAD). A pesquisa toma o prisma de investigação da História das Ideias Linguísticas na relação com os princípios da Análise de Discurso, buscando o funcionamento discursivo do material em sua relação com os processos políticoideológicos nas suas formas institucionais, disciplinares e textuais. Na releitura do arquivo disciplinar, cotejando com algumas notas, relatos e contextualizações, são descritos aspectos menos conhecidos sobre a história da AAD, mostrando a força do que é designado neste artigo como um “materialismo discursivo” desenvolvido também pelo seu encontro com a automatização/informatização.
AAD-69
Authors: Sobrinho Helson Flávio da Silva
Published: December 2019

Cinquenta anos! Isso mesmo! Em 2019, comemoramos os 50 anos de uma obra fundadora: Análise Automática do Discurso, conhecida como AAD-69, do professor-filósofo-cientista-militante Michel Pêcheux1. Fazer a apreciação dessa obra fundadora, em uma data festiva como essa, implica retomar memórias históricas de nossas práticas científicas e políticas, mas, sobretudo, também exige pensar a atualidade e, advirto, arriscar dar novos passos em direção ao futuro, em estreita relação crítica com nosso tempo histórico.
Polarizability-dependent Sorting of Microparticles Using Continuous-flow Dielectrophoretic Chromatography with a Frequency Modulation Method
Authors: Giesler Jasper , Pesch Georg R. , Weirauch Laura , Schmidt Marc-Peter , Thöming Jorg , Baune Michael
Published: December 2019

The separation of microparticles with respect to different properties such as size and material is a research field of great interest. Dielectrophoresis, a phenomenon which is capable of addressing multiple particle properties at once, can be used to perform a chromatographic separation. However, the selectivity of current dielectrophoretic particle chromatography (DPC) techniques is limited. Here we show a new approach for DPC based on differences in the dielectrophoretic mobilities and the crossover frequencies of polystyrene particles. Both differences are addressed by modulating the frequency of the electric field to generate positive and negative dielectrophoretic movement to achieve multiple trap and release cycles of the particles. A chromatographic separation of different particle sizes revealed a voltage dependency of this method. Additionally, we showed the frequency bandwidth influence on separation using one example. The DPC method developed was tested with model particles but offers possibilities to separate a broad range of plastic and metal microparticles or cells and to overcome currently existing limitations in selectivity.
Uncertainties in the Annual Cycle of Rainfall Characteristics Over West Africa in CMIP5 Models
Authors: Sow Magatte , Diakhaté Moussa , Dixon Ross D. , Guichard Françoise , Dieng Diarra , Gaye Amadou Thierno
Published: December 2019

This study analyses uncertainties associated with the main features of the annual cycle of West African rainfall (amplitude, timing, duration) in 15 CMIP5 simulations over the Sahelian and Guinean regions with satellite daily precipitation estimates. The annual cycle of indices based on daily rainfall such as the frequency and the intensity of wet days, the consecutive dry (CDD) and wet days (CWD), the 95th percentile of daily rainfall (R95) have been assessed. Over both regions, satellite datasets provide more consistent results on the annual cycle of monthly precipitation than on higher-frequency rainfall indices, especially over the Guinean region. CMIP5 simulations display much higher uncertainties in both the mean precipitation climatology and higher-frequency indices. Over both regions, most of them overestimate the frequency of wet days. Over the Guinean region, the difficulty of models to represent the bimodality of the annual cycle of precipitation involves systematic biases the frequency of wet days. Likewise, we found strong uncertainties in the simulation of the CWD and the CDD over both areas. Finally, models generally provide too early (late) onset dates over the Sahel (the Guinean region) and overestimate rainfall during the early and late monsoon phases. These errors are strongly coupled errors in the latitudinal position of the ITCZ and do not compensate at the annual scale nor when considering West Africa as a whole. wet days. We found strong uncertainties in the simulation of the CWD and he CDD over both areas. Conversely for R95p and R95PTOT, the ncertainties in CMIP5 models appear somewhat weaker, but the magnitude f R95 is largely underestimated in most models.
Ccr6 Deficiency Attenuates Spontaneous Chronic Colitis in Winnie
Authors: Ranasinghe Ranmali , Fernando Ruchira , Perera Agampodi Promoda , Shastri Madhur , Basheer Waheedha , Scowen Paul , Pinfold Terry , Eri Rajaraman
Published: December 2019

The immunomodulatory behaviour of the CCR6/CCL20 axis on multi -system pathophysiology and molecular signalling was investigated at two clinically significant time points, using a Ccr6 - deficient mouse model of spontaneous colitis. Four groups of mice, (C57BL/6J, Ccr6-/- of C57BL/6J, Winnie x Ccr6 -/- and Winnie) were utilized and (I) colonic clinical parameters (2) histology of colon, spleen, kidney and liver (3) T and B lymphocyte distribution in the spleen and MLN by flowcytometry (5) colonic CCL20, PI3K and phosphorylated Akt expression by immunohistochemistry and (6) colonic cytokine expression by RT-PCR were evaluated. CCR6 influenced upregulation of inflammation in the spleen, liver and gut while renal histology remained unaffected. Marked focal lobular inflammation with reactive nuclear features were observed in hepatocytes and a significant neutrophil infiltration in red pulp with extra medullary hemopoiesis in the spleen existed in Winnie. These changes were considerably reduced in Winnie x Ccr6-/- with elevated goblet cell numbers and mucus production in the colonic epithelium. Results indicate that Ccr6- deficiency in the colitis model contributes towards resolution of disease. Our findings demonstrate an intricate networking role for CCR6 in immune activation, which is downregulated by Ccr6 deficiency, and could provide newer clinical therapies in colitis.
An Appropriate Amount of OptiCell Benefits the Microbial Diversity and Gut Health of Chickens
Authors: Hou Linyue , Sun Baosheng , Yang Yu
Published: December 2019

It is of merit to study the appropriate amount of fiber to add to free-range chickens feed to improve the microbial diversity and gut health in times of plant fiber deprivation. OptiCell is a useful source of fiber as a type of eubiotic lignocellulose, and its positive effects on the growth performance and laying performance of chickens has already been proven. However, few researchers have researched the effects of adding OptiCell on the gut microbiota of chickens. In this research we added three different levels of OptiCell (0%, 2% and 4%) to the feed of caged and free-range Bian chickens from September to November, aiming to observe the effects of adding OptiCell and different feeding modes on the gut microbial diversity and gut health of chickens, and aiming to determine an appropriate amount of OptiCell. The results showed that adding OptiCell could increase the thickness of the cecum mucus layer and the abundance of Akkermansia and Faecalibacterium in caged chickens, and 4% OptiCell was optimum. In addition, adding OptiCell increased the microbial diversity and the abundance of the butyrate-producing bacteria Faecalibacterium and Roseburia of fee-range chickens. The α-diversity and the length of the small intestine with 2% OptiCell in free-range chickens were better than with 2% OptiCell in caged chickens. In addition, compared with caged chickens, the free-range chickens had longer small intestine and lower GLP-1. Taken together, an appropriate amount of OptiCell benefitted the microbial diversity and health of chickens; it was necessary to add dietary fiber to the feed of free-range chickens when plant fibers was lacking, and 2% OptiCell was found to be optimum.
The Factor of Intention to Buy Snacks Labeled Halal on Muslim Students in Yogyakarta
Authors: Efendi Riyanto
Published: December 2019

In the industrial era 4.0 as it is now making the food industry increasingly diverse and easy to reach all walks of life. Food consumed by the community must be good and healthy because every time it is circulated it does not necessarily make it healthy and does not have a halal label. That way, the Muslim community certainly must choose foods that are good, healthy, and halal for consumption. So the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of subjective norms, perceptions of behavioral control, and religion on the intention to buy halal labeled snacks for Muslim students. Methodology This study was a quantitative study involving 174 students taken with the Snowball Sampling technique. Methods of multiple linear regression data analysis using SPSS Version 20. The results of the study are as follows: (1). Subjective norms have a positive and significant effect on the intention to buy snacks for Muslim students, (2). The perceived behavioral control has a positive and significant effect on the intention to buy snacks for Muslim students, (3). Reliability has a positive and significant effect on the intention to buy snacks for Muslim students, (4). Subjective norms, perceptions of control, and Religiosity jointly influence the intention to buy snacks products labeled halal 36.8%.
Patient Selection After Mandatory Bundled Payments for Hip and Knee Replacement
Authors: Humbyrd Casey Jo , Wu Shannon S. , Trujillo Antonio J. , Socal Mariana P. , Anderson Gerard F.
Published: December 2019

Background:

On April 1, 2016, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced bundled-payment programs for hip replacement and knee replacement (HKR) in selected metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) to decrease the costs and cost variability of HKR and to increase the quality of care. Early program analyses showed cost savings; however, studies also demonstrated a trend toward the selection of healthier patients for HKR performed under the bundled system. We compared the characteristics of patients who underwent HKR before implementation of the bundled-payment system (pre-policy) with those of patients who underwent HKR after implementation (post-policy).

Methods:

Patients who underwent HKR from 2015 to 2016 were identified from Medicare inpatient claims files. After matching for MSA characteristics, we used a difference-in-difference design to evaluate changes in patient case mix from pre-policy to post-policy by comparing Medicare beneficiaries receiving HKR in bundled MSAs (bMSAs) with those receiving HKR in non-bundled MSAs (nbMSAs). The main characteristics of interest were race, dual eligibility (for Medicare and Medicaid), tobacco use, obesity, presence of diabetes with or without complications, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) value. We also evaluated pre-policy to post-policy changes in patient case mix by comparing Medicare beneficiaries in bMSAs who underwent HKR compared with those who underwent hip hemiarthroplasty. Hip hemiarthroplasty was used as a control to determine whether there were changes in access to HKR.

Results:

We found significant differences in the unadjusted baseline characteristics between the bMSA and nbMSA cohorts, both for unmatched and matched samples. We found no significant post-policy changes in the characteristics of patients undergoing HKR. Patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty had significantly higher CCI values than did those undergoing HKR in bMSAs post-policy, although the difference was small (0.36-point higher CCI value; p < 0.01). Patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty were also 2.4% more likely to have diabetes mellitus without complications compared with those who underwent HRK post-policy (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

In contrast to previous investigators, we found little to no significant change in the characteristics (including race, dual eligibility, tobacco use, obesity, presence of diabetes with or without complications, and CCI value) of Medicare beneficiaries who underwent HKR after the initiation of the CMS mandatory bundled-payment policy.
Konflik Sosial Suku Anak Dalam (Orang Rimba) di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Wandi Wandi
Published: December 2019

This article aims to explore the social conflicts in the utilization of natural resources of the Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba tribes. The purpose of this study is to find out the cause of social conflict that occurred. The research method used is a qualitative method based on literature studies and interviews as well as the accumulation of understanding from various primary studies conducted on the Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba community. The results of this study are, first, there are differences in perceptions regarding regional claims between the state, companies, surrounding villagers, as well as Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba. Secondly, there is a conflict of interest in the utilization of forest resources that were previously home to the Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba tribes. Third, there is competition in the use of forest resources. Fourth, it is a dilemma for Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba in the midst of the development of the times, where they have lived for a long time, and have collided with policies that are oriented towards group interests. This study is expected to be able to provide an overview of the conflicts and to provide solutions to the rights and survival of the Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba communities.
Molecular Modeling and in Silico Characterization of a Pathogenesis-Related Protein-10 (PR10) and its Coding Genes in some Oryza Species
Authors: Fouad Ahmed Sayed , Hafez Rehab Mahmoud
Published: December 2019

يعد الأرز أحد الأطعمة الأساسية لأكثر من ثلثى سكان العالم مما يسترعى الإهتمام بالتحسينات الوراثية التى تزيد الكفأءة الحقلية لهذا المحصول الهام. و نظرا لقلة التباينات الوراثية فى الانواع المزروعة مقارنة بتلك الموجودة فى الأنواع الأخرى لجنس Oryza توجب الاهتمام بدراسة المحتوى الجينى لتلك الانواع الاخرى. تهدف هذه الدراسة الى وصف و توضيح أحد البروتينات المرتبطة بالآفات من المجموعة العاشرة (PR10) - لما لتلك المجموعة من أهمية فى مكافحة الإجهادات الحيوية و الغير الحيوية -  و كذلك الجينات الخاصة بها فى عدد من أنواع جنس Oryza (O. sativa, O.  barthii, O. glaberrima, O. glumipatula, O. meridionalis, O. nivara, O. rufipogon and  O. punctata.) بٍإستعمال التقنيات الحاسوبية. و قد كشفت الدراسة تنوععاً محدوداً لهذا البروتين و الجين الخاص به فى كافة الأنواع عدا O. glumipatula الذى أظهرت الدراسة إختلافاً تركيبياً فى البروتين موضوع الدراسة به مقارنةً بالبروتين ذاته فى الأنواع Oryza الأخرى. و تستوجب هذه النتائج الإهتمام بالمحتوى الجينى لهذا النوع لما قد يحمله من فائدة فى مواجهة الأنواع المختلفة من الإجهادات و التى تتطلب مزيداً من الدراسة للإستفادة منها فى برامج تربية الأرز.
Faculty Retention in Medical Universities in the County Cities of Iran: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Shaterjalali Maria , Gholampoor Yousef , Jeihooni Ali Khani , Mansoori Yaser , Homayounfar Reza , Ehrampoush Elham , karimi shahnaz
Published: December 2019

Background and purpose: Faculty are the cornerstone of academic medicine and are important assets for any institution offering higher education. Recruitment and retention of capable faculty are essential to maintain and improve the quality of education and research performance of universities. The purpose of the present study is to discover the views, experiences, and attitudes of faculty to identify the reasons for attrition and retention of faculty in the medical universities of county cities of Iran. Methods: This is a qualitative study and the method used is of content analysis. The participants included 12 faculty transferred to type 1 university, 4 faculty with transfer request, and 4 faculty members with more than ten years of experience working in the University of county cities no relocate request. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews face to face and via telephone. To measure the trustworthiness of the data, we used four components of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability proposed by Lincoln and Guba. Results : The findings were divided into 3 categories and 14 sub-categories: the first category was the retention attractors, including 4 sub-categories of facilitated communication, proximity to type one university, gaining experience, and support of authorities; the second category was the retention threats, including 6 subcategories of social infrastructures, individual dimension, occupational dimension, economic dimension, sense of respect, and executive management dimension; and the third category was the retention strategies, including 4 sub-categories of the process of recruiting and promotion, inter-university collaboration with type one universities, facilitating scientific growth, and fulfilling the safety needs. Conclusion : Several factors play role in the retention of faculties in medical schools. Authorities can create a more positive environment by devising a suitable reward system, supporting academic activities, and increasing the level of practical autonomy of faculty to develop a sense of belonging among the workforce, and reduce the intention to transfer of their human resources.
Requests for euthanasia and assisted suicide: A qualitative study of the wordings of requests from patients at the end of life hospitalised in palliative care units.
Authors: Mathieu-Nicot Florence , Chassagne Aline , Leboul Daniele , Bousquet Anne , Godard-Marceau Aurélie , Trimaille Hélène , Guirimand Frédéric , Cretin Elodie , Aubry Régis
Published: December 2019

Background Whilst euthanasia and assisted suicide are forbidden by French Law, patients at the end of life, hospitalized in Palliative Care Units, sometimes express the Wish to Hasten their Death. Few Studies have analyzed the formulation of these patient requests in interviews and the associated death-related representations. The DESA study analyzed the expression of patients’ requests, focusing on the terms and how patients worded their wishes. The aim is to identify from the “raw wording” of the patients’ requests, the means of expressing them in all its singularity and evolution. Methods This is a qualitative study that took place in 11 French Palliative care Units during on year and included adult patients who had made an explicit request (euthanasia or physician assisted suicide) to a health care provider. Semi-structured interviews were conducted within 48 hours of the initial request (D0), then a week later (D7). Results At DO, the initial request is a request for euthanasia and it calls a third person urgently. This request is related to physical and psychological suffering, trauma and representations of death. At D7, we observe a semantic change; the request is less explicit and requires less intervention by a third party. The quest remains that of a death without suffering. Conclusions These patients express themselves easily on their request and listening is necessary to be able to hear the meaning of the words but also their functions. It is their nuance, variety and evolution that help to understand what the requirements mean. Trial registration number : ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02845817
Therapeutic Efficacies of Normobaric Oxygen Therapy in Healthcare: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xiao Huaping , Zhao Xu , Brackett Alexandria , Dai Feng , Meng Lingzhong
Published: December 2019

BackgroundNormobaric oxygen therapy is one of the most commonly used treatments in healthcare; however, oxygen is not a panacea. There is currently a lack of a comprehensive review summarizing different normobaric oxygen therapies and their therapeutic efficacies based on randomized controlled trials across healthcare. MethodsWe systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database from inception to April 4, 2019, for randomized controlled trials investigating the therapeutic efficacy of normobaric oxygen therapy compared to usual care. Two investigators independently extracted study data and assessed study quality.ResultsA total of 173 studies involving 81,792 patients were included in qualitative analysis, and 95 of these studies, segregated in 49 bodies of evidence according to methods of oxygen therapy used, patient populations treated, and outcomes measured, were included in meta-analyses. Normobaric oxygen therapy was guided by oxygen flow, inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2), or an oxygenation monitor. Each method had multiple different protocols. Eighteen different outcome measures were commonly used to assess the therapeutic efficacy. Ten (20%), 2 (4%) and 37 (76%) bodies of evidence suggested a beneficial, harmful, and futile effect, respectively. The quality of only two bodies of evidence (4%) was high, i.e., the significant reduction of prematurity-related mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis by 91-95% pulse oxygen saturation-guided therapy. The quality of the remaining 47 bodies of evidence was moderate (39%), low (43%), or very low (14%). Contrary to the World Health Organization recommendation, 80% FiO2-guided oxygen therapy did not affect surgical site infection in intubated surgical patients (risk ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 1.01; p=0.07; moderate quality).ConclusionsNormobaric oxygen therapy is widely used across healthcare; however, more than 70% of bodies of evidence suggested a futile effect and the quality of more than 50% of bodies of evidence was low or very low. How to best use normobaric oxygen therapy deserves further research.
Characterization of L-fucose isomerase from Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae to produce L-fuculose from hydrolyzed fucoidan and commercial fucose
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Waheed , Riaz Tahreem , Mahmood Shahid , Zhu Yingying , Ni Dawei , Khan Imran Mahmood , Zhang Wenli , Mu Wanmeng
Published: December 2019

Background L-fuculose is an expensive and rare sugar used against different kinds of diseases such as HIV, anti-cancer, anti-viral, Hepatitis-B, human lysosomal disease (fucosidosis), and cardio-protective drugs. The enzymatic way of converting L-fucose into L-fuculose would be an effective method with great industrial applications. The purpose of this research is to introduce a high production of L-fuculose from cheap and natural sources (fucoidan) and commercially source (Sigma-Aldrich) by a recombinant enzyme L-fucose isomerase from Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (Pa-LFI).Results Fucose containing polysaccharide (FPs) called fucoidan was extracted, hydrolyzed and characterized by U. pinnatifida for enzymatic production of L-fuculose. The FPs provide 35.9% of fucose along with few other monosaccharides. Pa-LFI was characterized and purified with a single band at 65 kDa. It showed an activity of 104.5 U mg -1 and exhibited as a hexamer with native molecular mass 396 kDa. The maximum activity for recombinant Pa-LFI was detected at pH 6.5 and 50 °C in 1 mM of Mn 2+ . The melting temperature observed 75 °C and half-life at 50 °C was 12.6 h. The isomerizing activity of Pa-LFI with aldose substrate (L-fucose) was higher exposing K m , k cat and k cat / K m 86.2 mM, 32831 min -1 and 335 min -1 mM -1 respectively. The conversion ratio of L-fuculose from 100 g L -1 of FPs and commercial fucose after the equilibrium state was about 6% (5.6 g L -1 ) and 30% (30.2 g L -1 ) respectively.Conclusion Pa-LFI catalyzed the reaction to convert L-fucose into L-fuculose. The enzyme will be helpful in the production of L-fuculose with an efficient and simple method without producing any by-product.