bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’évolution démographique récente de la France
Authors: Breton Didier , Belliot Nicolas , Barbieri Magali , d’Albis Hippolyte , Mazuy Magali
Published: March 2023

Le 1 er  janvier 2022, la France comptait 67,8 millions d’habitants soit 187 000 de plus qu’au 1 er  janvier 2021. Les nombres de naissances, d’IVG et de mariages en 2021 ont augmenté par comparaison à 2020, sans retrouver les niveaux observés avant la crise sanitaire (2019). Il en est même pour les décès dont le nombre a diminué, mais reste encore supérieur à celui observé en 2019. En 2021, la France fait partie des 9 pays européens parmi les 27 dont le solde naturel est positif. Son solde migratoire l’est également et, en 2021, est supérieur au solde naturel. Au total, la population de la France continue d’augmenter, mais à un rythme plus faible qu’avant la pandémie. En 2020, les flux d’entrées de personnes venant de pays tiers avec un titre de séjour ont très fortement diminué du fait de la crise sanitaire. Ce sont les titres pour raison professionnelle qui ont le plus baissé. Les demandes se concentrent en Île-de-France. En 2021, l’indice conjoncturel de fécondité augmente très légèrement (1,83 enfant par femme), principalement du fait de la hausse des taux entre 30 et 39 ans. Le profil par âge varie selon les régions. Le recours à l’avortement est plutôt stable entre 2020 et 2021, mais la part des IVG réalisées par la méthode médicamenteuse augmente d’année en année (77 % en 2021), surtout celles pratiquées en cabinet de ville. Cependant, on observe d’importantes différences territoriales, du fait d’une offre de soins inégale au niveau local. En 2021, le rattrapage des mariages qui n’ont pu être célébrés en 2020 n’a été que partiel. Pour la première fois en 2020, le nombre de pacs dépasse celui des mariages. Les mariages sont plus fréquents sur le flanc est du pays et les pacs sur la façade atlantique et dans le Sud-Ouest. Le nombre de décès reste important en 2021 malgré une amélioration par rapport à 2020. L’espérance de vie en 2021 reste inférieure de 4,6 mois pour les hommes par rapport à 2019, et de 1,4 mois pour les femmes. La surmortalité est estimée à 6,3 % en 2021 après avoir été de 7,5 % en 2020. Les régions les plus touchées ne sont pas nécessairement celles où la mortalité était initialement forte.
Les écarts de déclaration de violences conjugales entre les femmes lesbiennes, bisexuelles et hétérosexuelles
Authors: Lejbowicz Tania
Published: March 2023

Cet article s'intéresse aux violences conjugales subies par les femmes selon leur identification sexuelle et le sexe de leur partenaire. S'appuyant sur l'enquête Violences et rapports de genre (Virage, Ined, 2015), ce travail montre que dans les couples de même sexe, les femmes subissent des faits de moindre intensité engageant moins de violences corporelles, alors que dans les couples de sexes différents, elles sont exposées à des faits plus sévères induisant plus de violences sexuelles. Dans les couples femme-homme, les faits rapportés diffèrent selon l’identification sexuelle actuelle des victimes : celles hétérosexuelles déclarent avoir connu plus de violences physiques tandis que celles homosexuelles ou bisexuelles déclarent plus de violences sexuelles de basse intensité. Cet article rappelle l’importance de disposer de données détaillées sur les conjugalités et sexualités pour mieux saisir ces différences de déclarations. Il souligne aussi la nécessité d’interroger la variabilité de l’expérience et de la perception des violences à l’encontre des femmes selon le type de couple (de même sexe ou de sexes différents) et l’identification sexuelle des femmes qui les rapportent (lesbienne, bisexuelle ou hétérosexuelle).
Utilization of commodity plastic wastes in flexible pavement: A review
Authors: Eze Wilson Uzochukwu , Umunakwe Reginald , Ugbaja Michael Ifeanyichukwu , Yakubu Mohammed Kabiru , Adegboro Narcillina Nkechi , Bayero Amina Hassan , Uzochukwu Maryann Ifeoma
Published: March 2023

Plastics are not inherently bad, as it is what we do and what we do not do after use that really counts. Plastics are pleasant to the eye, light in weight, sleek to the touch, currently indispensable, relatively cheap and sustainable with good use. Because of these desirable properties, the use, demand and production of plastic goods for various applications are on a steady rise. Consequently, the volume of the corresponding waste is also on the rise due to the non-biodegradable nature of these petroleum-based plastics. Mechanical recycling, which is the widely employed recycling route, is not holistic because it only delays the time for the waste plastics to get to the dump site and litter the environment. The use of waste plastics in bituminous mixtures for road construction is an emerging sustainable route for most types of commodity plastic wastes. This paper reviews the progress, techniques, suitability and possible health and environmental risks of waste plastics for a flexible pavement system. SWOT analysis to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of plastic waste utilization in bituminous mix was also conducted and is reported here.
Benefiting from statistical modeling in the analysis of current health expenditure to gross domestic product
Authors: Emam Walid
Published: March 2023

In this article, we provide a novel criterion for decision making by addressing the statistical analysis and modeling of health protection expenditures relative to health system of gross domestic product in a comparative study of four different countries, namely the United States, Malaysia, Egypt, and kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Researchers examined the issue of spending on health protection expenditures in relation to gross domestic product from a variety of angles, including social and statistical. Previous statistical studies also addressed the study of statistical modeling through regression approach. Here we study this issue from a different perspective, namely modeling with statistical distributions. In the statistical modeling of the data, we use an extended heavy-tailed updated version of Weibull distribution named the generalized Weibull distribution Weibull (GWD-W) model, which has good statistical properties in terms of flexibility and goodness of fit. Some distributional properties and statistical functions, including the Renyi entropy, skewness, kurtosis, the heavy-tailed behavior, regular variation, and identifiable property are given. Two important actuarial risk measures are derived. A simulation study is conducted to prove the usefulness of the two actuarial measures in finance. The estimation of the model parameters via the maximum likelihood approach is discussed. Comparison study vs some competitive statistical models is performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for a sample and some detection criteria. The discussion shows that proposed statistical modeling of health care expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) for health care compares well with their peers.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A novel architecture design for artificial intelligence-assisted culture conservation management system
Authors: Zhou Ziqi
Published: March 2023

Native culture construction has been a prevalent issue in many countries, and its integration with intelligent technologies seems promising. In this work, we take the Chinese opera as the primary research object and propose a novel architecture design for an artificial intelligence-assisted culture conservation management system. This aims to address simple process flow and monotonous management functions provided by Java Business Process Management (JBPM). This aims to address simple process flow and monotonous management functions. On this basis, the dynamic nature of process design, management, and operation is also explored. We offer process solutions that align with cloud resource management through automated process map generation and dynamic audit management mechanisms. Several software performance testing works are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed culture management system. The testing results show that the design of such an artificial intelligence-based management system can work well for multiple scenarios of culture conservation affairs. This design has a robust system architecture for the protection and management platform building of non-heritage local operas, which has specific theoretical significance and practical reference value for promoting the protection and management platform building of non-heritage local operas and promoting the transmission and dissemination of traditional culture profoundly and effectively.
The influence of microwave roasting on bioactive components and chemical parameters of cold pressed fig seed oil
Authors: Deniz Şirinyıldız D. , Yıldırım Vardin A. , Yorulmaz A.
Published: March 2023

The effect of microwave roasting process on the compositional parameters and bioactive contents of fig seed oil were investigated. Fig seeds were ground and roasted in a microwave oven at 350, 460 and 600 Watt for 5 and 10 minutes and the roasted seeds were processed to obtain oil. The results showed that peroxide, K232 and K270 values were adversely affected by roasting. Fig seed oil was a prosperous source of γ-tocopherol and significant losses were observed due to microwave pre-treatment. The major fatty acids in fig seed oil were linolenic, linoleic and oleic acids; whereas the major triacylglycerols were LnLO, LnLnL, LnLnLn and LnLnO, according to fatty acid profile. The most abundant sterol in the fig seed oil samples was β-sitosterol with 3235.90 to 3625.62 mg/kg, followed by Δ5- and Δ7-avenasterols. The principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchial clustering served to differentiate between intense and mild microwave-treated oils as well as the unroasted samples.
Las primeras sanciones económicas de los Estados Unidos contra Cuba
Authors: Lamrani Salim
Published: March 2023

En julio de 1960, la Administración de Eisenhower impuso las primeras sanciones económicas contra Cuba con el objetivo de “sembrar el hambre, la desesperación y conseguir el derrocamiento del Gobierno” de Fidel Castro. Washington decidió suspender la cuota de azúcar, privando a Cuba del 80% de los ingresos procedentes de este sector, lo que tuvo como consecuencia radicalizar aún más el curso de la Revolución Cubana. En octubre de 1960, los Estados Unidos agravaron las sanciones y prohibieron todas las exportaciones hacia Cuba, con la excepción de las materias primas alimenticias y los medicamentos, cerrando así las puertas del principal mercado de la isla.
Federale hoofdsteden en nationale culturele instellingen. Lessen voor Brussel uit de voorbeelden van Berlijn, Brasilia, Canberra en Ottowa
Authors: Bouten Arnaud , Reybrouck Karel
Published: March 2023

Compte tenu de l’évolution constante de la Belgique vers une plus grande décentralisation des compétences, le statut futur des institutions culturelles fédérales à Bruxelles demeure incertain. Afin d’élargir le champ du débat politique, le présent article présente une comparaison des configurations institutionnelles des institutions culturelles nationales dans différentes capitales fédérales. Les cas de Berlin, Brasília, Canberra, Ottawa et Bruxelles sont examinés, l’accent étant mis sur la répartition constitutionnelle des compétences et sur les mécanismes de coopération entre les niveaux de gouvernement. Cet état des lieux montre que le gouvernement fédéral joue invariablement un rôle dans l’administration des institutions culturelles nationales dans les différentes capitales. En outre, dans la plupart des capitales, des mécanismes de coopération culturelle sont mis en place pour coordonner l’action fédérale et celle des entités fédérées. Sur ce dernier point, il semble que des améliorations soient possibles à Bruxelles.
Green Technological Innovation and Environmental Regulation
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Rodríguez-Maillard Carlos , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: March 2023

This study intends to analyze the impact of environmental regulations and incentives in socio-ecological and green technological innovation. It departs from the assumption that environmental regulation affects the performance of socio-ecological and green technological innovation in organizations. The method employed is the critical analytical and reflective, based on the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological literature. It is concluded that the analysis confirms that there is a direct relationship between the incentives of environmental regulation and the socio-ecological and green technological innovation in organizations.
Contribution of Sustainable Fuels for the Future of the Energy Sector
Authors: Serralha Maria de Fátima Nunes , Dias Nilmara Braz , Duarte Raquel Galamba , Borges Rui Pedro
Published: March 2023

The main driving forces of the development of alternative energy are growing energy demand combined with the search for energy independence and environmental issues, such as global warming. Throughout this chapter, the sustainability of the currently most used alternative fuels, their characteristics, applications, global consumption, and demand data will be discussed. The different strategies and policies for the adoption of renewable energies also will be discussed. Fuels are compared by their contributions to the development of the circularity of the energy sector, by the feedstock and process efficiency. The advantages, disadvantages, and barriers that each one presents are evaluated to better understand which are the most promising and how their production and consumption can be increased. The aim of this chapter is to present the potential alternative fuels within their applications and analyze their contribution to make the energy sector more circular and sustainable.
Mapping Research Trends in Eco-Innovation
Authors: Campos Waleska Yone Yamakawa Zavatti , Paula Fábio de Oliveira , Sousa Maria J. , Barbieri da Barbieri da Rosa Luciana Aparecida , Cohen Marcos , Rodrigues Maria Carolina Martins Martins
Published: March 2023

Eco-innovation contributes to a more sustainable environment through the development of green technologies. In this context, eco-innovations are capable of improving the performance of organizations in order to reduce environmental and social impacts. Knowing the behavior of studies on eco-innovation can help researchers in understanding the scientific and intellectual structure of the field. Therefore, the general objective of this research is to evaluate the literature on eco-innovation on the world stage from bibliometric and Scientometric analysis, with the help of CiteSpace software. The results show a highly fruitful, dynamic, and rapidly expanding field of studies, marked by a high degree of interdisciplinarity and multidisciplinarity. The conclusions of the research reveal the trends for studies in the area, from the understanding of the behavior of the field of studies in eco-innovation.
Entrepreneurship and Local Government
Authors: Nevado Gil Teresa , Pache Durán María , Cagica Carvalho Luisa , Sardinha Boguslawa M. B.
Published: March 2023

Entrepreneurship is one of the main drivers of social development, innovation, global competitiveness, and the economy growth. Because of that, local governments around the world, carry out initiatives focused on the promotion of entrepreneurship in order to support an economic growth and social development. This paper has two objectives. In the first place, the authors analyse the degree and type of information that local governments of the Alentejo region offer to entrepreneurs through their web pages, and calculate the index of information disclosure. Then the authors analyse the evolution of this index between 2015 and 2019. The results show a generalized increase in the information offered using the content analysis technique.
Teleworking
Authors: Pinto Andreia Raquel , Coelho Dulce Matos , Pereira Raquel
Published: March 2023

In light of new trends and realities, today's society promotes and values the importance of innovation and sustainability as a solution to the challenges ahead, where companies contribute to the attraction and retention of young talent through Telework. This study addresses Telework as a solution to new challenges. The focus of the study is five small and medium-sized companies. It was concluded that companies opted for Telework at home, with advantages of cost reduction, conciliation of personal and professional life, and reduction of pollutant gases; and as disadvantages, the investment in equipment, social isolation, and precariousness of the labor market. The impacts of telework were verified at the level of productivity, commitment, and performance, where it was concluded that telework can be partially maintained. The contribution of this work focuses on the importance that virtual experiences have in Generation Z and the flexibility of companies in adopting pre-existing work models.
Challenges and Perspectives of Pinhão Production Considering the Dimensions of Sustainability
Authors: Silva Jean Marcos da , Kneipp Jordana Marques , Both Thiago Paulo , Pontelli Greice Eccel
Published: March 2023

The activity of collecting non-timber forest products (NTFPs) is a secular activity in Brazil, more specifically the sertão [Brazilian backlands]. Many of these activities have ceased to exist over the years, although pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia seeds) production still persists as an income generator. Given this context, this study sought to answer the following question: “What are the challenges and perspectives of pinhão production considering the context of the community of Barro Preto in the city of Arvorezinha (Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil) from the dimensions of sustainability?” Using thematic analysis, this interpretative qualitative study employed conversational interviews by Boje and Rosile (2021). In mapping the challenges and perspectives of the extractive activity of pinhão, these findings showed that inserting actors from the base of the pinhão productive chain to induce them to tell their stories is not enough to build a narrative that contemplates all the dimensions of sustainability.
Engaging People on E-Participation Through Social Media Interactions
Authors: Mantovani Daielly M. N. , Santos Kleber Rodrigues , Nascimento Thaisa Barcellos Pinheiro , Machado Jr. Celso
Published: March 2023

The chapter aims to analyze how social media engages citizens in issues related to municipal management in Brazilian capital cities (27 cities). For that, Twitter data was collected, and descriptive analysis, text mining, and social network analysis were carried out. Results show the most frequent interactions regarded sharing posts, replies, and reactions were less frequent. Text mining suggested behavior on Twitter is related on the hot news, so discussions tend to be superficial; network analysis showed mayor accounts have more connections with users than the cities' official accounts, which suggests a necessity for personification on the conversation. Interactions are both centralized (started by the city) and decentralized (start by the citizen), but consist merely of information transmission and opinion sharing, and more complex kinds of participation, such as co-creation and decision-making were not observed. These findings show the potential of social media communication for public management and give insights on how to develop a successful policy to participate in social media.
Evaluation Cases Frame Healthcare Quality Improvement
Authors: Rudnick Jr. John D. , Jaeger Carrie L. , Kenly Brandi N. , Modafari Nicole M. , Saraswat Jyoti
Published: March 2023

Two evaluation cases illustrate how the application of lean six sigma (LSS) tools and methods further improve both healthcare processes and quality. After action review (AAR), DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control), Ishikawa Fishbone Diagram, hypothesis testing, and process mapping were among LSS tools employed. Case A describes how LSS tools were used in a healthcare practice to transition from a manual billing charge capture system to a new electronic billing system. While this change began due to the implementation of new software, using LSS in this process improvement initiative benefited both the practice and its patients by improving both cost- efficiency and quality. Case B details the process for a blood bank regulatory compliance exercise mandated by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). A six sigma tool included application of a two-proportion hypothesis test using a probability factor of 0.05. Quality patient care from supply-chain and clinical safety perspectives demonstrated statistical significance.
Sustainable Development and Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Krstić Miloš S. , Milojević Ivan , Rabrenović Mihajlo
Published: March 2023

Climate change is global both in its causes and in its consequences. The rising temperatures, the variable amounts of precipitation, and occurrence of extreme weather conditions affect all countries regardless of their geographical position and level of development, determining their production potential and the quality of living conditions of the population. The nature of the problem requires a comprehensive approach in order to the world to face climate change in the most effective way and to translate the global economy to the new development model that will be based on low-carbon sustainable economic growth. After detailed theoretical consideration, the influence of selected determinants on carbon dioxide emissions is modeled, using multiple linear regression model. The research is conducted on the example of Netherlands, considering that it is the country that is located near the top of the scale according to the height of expenditures on environmental protection in EU. The results indicate a positive and significant influence of the selected determinants.
A Positive Technology Approach for Improving Health Service Quality
Authors: Akbaş Merve , Toker Kerem
Published: March 2023

Digitalization is revolutionary for the health sector, which has recently struggled with problems such as increased health expenditures, quality, and access to services. Wearable technology and other digital processes called positive technology are becoming a regular part of the system in ensuring sustainability in health. Positive technologies have tremendous importance in many countries in times of crisis, such as the Covid-19 pandemic period, in the treatment process of the patient, in ensuring their adaptation to the health service provided, and therefore in improving the quality of health services and health outcomes. In this context, this chapter reveals the current status of positive technologies in the health field. For this, the contribution of these technologies to the quality of health services and the competitive process of health organizations was studied by researching the current literature, industry reports, and news. In this direction, our chapter aims to provide practitioners, researchers, and society with new insights and understandings of wearable technology.
The Role of E-Health in Total Quality Management
Authors: Saglam Yesim Can
Published: March 2023

In a competitive environment, businesses seek ways to have competitive advantages against opponents. In this point, enhancing the quality of the products or services is the inevitable road for administrations. In particular, maintaining quality in the service sector is paramount to achieving success, through adding additional value such as E-health in total quality management. However, the key role of E-health in TQM implementation is not well explored in the extant literature. Technologies and applications utilized by E-health bear a strong promise to enhance total quality standards, after all. Although total quality management attracts a lot of attention in recent years, few studies are available on its relations to E-health in the service sector. This chapter investigates the impact of E-health on total quality management.
Perception and Awareness of Youth Toward the Social Advertising Campaigns Being Run by Private Brands
Authors: Sarmah Roktim , Khatun Ayesha , Singh Aayushi
Published: March 2023

Advertising is a nicely designed and encapsulated communication about any product or service that gives a brief picture and an attractive and appealing message intending to arouse the interest of target consumers. Information technology is rapidly changing the pace of this communication. When it comes to advertisement and campaigns blended with IT tools, social media plays most the significant role. The aim of this research is to check whether the youth are aware of various social advertising campaigns being run by different organizations and what is their perception about these campaigns. A sample of 300 students enrolled in a large private Indian university chosen on the basis of convenience sampling were considered for collecting data. A structured questionnaire was administered to extract the required data. The result shows that 64.3% respondents thinks that the advertisements which are being run for social causes are real and these advertisements genuinely have a purpose of spreading awareness about any particular social cause. The study further highlighted that the youth pays more heed to those advertisements which are using celebrity with a combination of good music and story. The study focuses on the variables like awareness and perception of youths regarding the social advertisement campaigns and various factors that are responsible for influencing the behavior of individual towards the advertisements including gender, age group, geographical location, qualification, and background.
Nonlinear Impact of the Digital Inclusive Finance on Enterprise Technological Innovation Based on the AK Model and PSTR Empirical Analysis
Authors: Yan Wei , Wang Yu , Zheng Shiying , Xing Luya , Zhang Liman
Published: March 2023

Using a panel smooth conversion model, data of listed companies in the Chinese A-stock market and the digital inclusive finance index from 2011 to 2018 are used to empirically test the nonlinear impact and heterogeneity of digital inclusive finance on corporate technological innovation. The results show the following: First, the development of digital inclusive finance has a nonlinear effect of first promoting and then inhibiting the technological innovation of enterprises. Second, the nonlinear impact of digital inclusive finance development on the technological innovation of SMEs is more obvious. Finally, in the subdivision dimension of digital inclusive finance, the depth of use has a significant positive effect on the technological innovation of enterprises, the breadth of coverage has a significant inhibitory effect on the impact of enterprise innovation, and the degree of digitization is realized as an inverted U-shaped relationship that first rises and then falls.
Fabrication of Aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Graphite by Stir Casting Method
Authors: Sekar Kannan , Vasanthakumar Pandian
Published: March 2023

The AA2014/SiC/Gr hybrid metal matrix composites are developed with addition of 0.5% to 1.5% SiC particles (weight fraction) in 0.5% weight fraction interval and the graphite (Gr) is 1% weight fraction constant for all composites were prepared by stir casting method. The effects of SiC and Gr on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the base cast and hybrid composites were studied by SEM, hardness, and impact tests. The results indicate that mechanical properties of the aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites (AHMMCs) change according to their increment of SiC and Gr particle. The hardness and impact strength of base cast and hybrid composites increased during the addition of SiC and Gr particle. The hardness and impact strength of base cast and hybrid composites increased during the addition of SiC and Gr particle. The maximum hardness is observed in the fourth sample with 1% Gr and 1.5% SiC with 7% increment which is 102.4 VHN. The high impact strength was observed for base alloy of 24% than hybrid composite. The composite of 1% SiC and 1% Gr is given less wear loss and coefficient of friction. The Corrosion resistance is better in the composite of 0.5% SiC and 1% Gr and the optical micrographs shows that the composite with 0.5% SiC and 1% Gr shows good texture.
Effect of Crushed Clay Brick as Partial Fine Aggregate Replacement on Properties of Concrete
Authors: Sulaiman Mohd Arif , Rozi Syafiqah Ainda , Muthusamy Khairunisa , Othman Rokiah , Omar Tanash Alaa
Published: March 2023

The continuous construction activity increases the demand for concrete production. At the same time, the construction and demolition activity also generate solid waste which is disposed of at landfills. The approach of discarding waste such as concrete waste, brick waste, and timber waste pollutes the environment. Thus, the present research investigates the effect of integrating local clay brick waste as a partial fine aggregate replacement on the properties of concrete. Several concrete mixes were prepared by integrating various percentages of crushed clay brick ranging from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% as partial sand replacement in concrete. All specimens were subjected to continuous water curing until the testing date which is 7 days and 28 days. The finding shows that the use of up to 10% crushed clay brick successfully enhances the compressive strength of concrete. The water absorption of concrete increase as larger content of crushed clay brick waste is integrated in the mix. Basically, the use of clay brick waste in concrete would help to reduce dependency on river sand supply for concrete manufacturing and promote a cleaner environment.
Highly Accurate Structural Analysis of Austempered Ductile Iron Using EBSD Technique
Authors: Kejzlar Pavel , Andrsova Zuzana , Petrzilkova Michaela , Skrbek Břetislav , Duchac Alfred , Myszka Dawid
Published: March 2023

Austempered Ductile Irons is a promising material with a favorable combination of low price and good mechanical properties. It is produced by isothermal hardening of cast iron with nodular graphite. The heat treatment parameters directly influence the structure of the matrix. The structure consists of an ausferrite matrix - a mixture of epitaxial ferrite + residual austenite and graphite. The resulting mechanical properties depend on the proportion and morphology of the individual phases. Therefore, a thorough structural characterisation is needed to describe the influence of the heat treatment parameters. However, conventional methods such as optical microscopy do not provide sufficient accuracy. Therefore, this work used a very accurate EBSD method to evaluate the structure in the as-received state and after heat treatment.
Evaluating Pre-Corrosion and Post-Corrosion of Oil Palm Shell Concrete with Non-Destructive Testing
Authors: Zaki Ahmad , Fikri Mujadid Akhsanul , Wibisono Candra Agung , Rosyidi Sti Atmaja P.
Published: March 2023

Corrosion of reinforcement can decrease the quality and cause damage to reinforced concrete, so it is necessary to know the resistance of concrete, especially with oil palm shells (OPS) and mask fibers in a corrosive environment. This study aims to determine the effect of corrosion levels on OPS concrete and mask fiber using the NDT (non-destructive testing) method. Oil palm shells are a 10% replacement for coarse aggregate in the concrete mix. The mask fiber is 0.2% of the volume of the specimen, and the superplasticizer is 0.25% of the cement used as an additive in the concrete mixture. The specimen is 50 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 10 cm high. There are two types of specimens, namely pre-corrosion and post-corrosion. In pre-corrosion specimens, corrosion acceleration of the reinforcement is carried out before the concrete molding process. While the post-corrosion specimen is being prepared, corrosion acceleration is carried out after the concrete is 28 days old. Corrosion acceleration is carried out by immersing the concrete specimen in a 5% NaCl solution and using a DC power supply. After the concrete is corroded, NDT is carried out. The NDT methods used are resistivity and impact-echo as analysis and detection tools for the effect of corrosion on palm shell concrete and mask fiber. The pre-corrosion specimen got the highest resistivity value on the 0% specimen at 21.35 kΩ.cm and the lowest resistivity on the 5% specimen at 16.70 kΩ.cm. The resistivity value decreases with increasing corrosion levels. The post-corrosion concrete has the highest resistivity on the 0% specimen, with 18.56 kΩ.cm, and the lowest resistivity on the 5% specimen, with 13.88 kΩ.cm. The resistivity value decreases with increased corrosion levels. The impact-echo testing on the pre-corrosion specimen yielded a 0% specimen with a value of 14394.53 Hz and a 1% specimen of 18266.6 Hz. The frequency value decreases with increasing corrosion levels. The result of impact-echo testing on post-corrosion concrete was 14394.53 Hz for the 0% specimen and 1567.38 Hz for the 5% specimen. The frequency value decreases with increasing corrosion levels.
Investigation of the Use of Micronized Dunite Additive for Fine-Grained Concrete
Authors: Moskvitin S.G. , Moskvitina L.V. , Vasilyeva A.A. , Fedorova Galina D.
Published: March 2023

Securing dense concrete structure and the intensification of cement hydration processes plays an important role in ensuring high concrete strength. The results of the applicability of dunite magnesian rocks of Central Aldan (Yakutia) for concrete production are presented. Petrographic and thermographic studies are conducted for the preliminary preparation of the charge. Pre-firing, fine intergrinding, and additional mechanical activation of the charge were applied. It is found that finely ground and pre-fired magnesium silicates act as both a micro-filler contributing to increased stone density and an active agent in forming robust crystallization structure. It is established that the use of pre-fired dunite powder with specific surface area of 8000 ± 200 cm2/kg in combination with the SP-1 superplasticizer allows obtaining autoclaved reactive powder concrete with a strength grade of up to B45.
Microstructure-Properties Characterization of Selective Laser Melted Biomedical Co-28Cr-6Mo Alloy
Authors: Efremenko Bohdan , Zurnadzhy Vadym , Chabak Yuliia , Lekatou Angeliki , Horňak Peter , Vojtko Marek , Efremenko Vasily
Published: March 2023

Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy (ASTM F75) is widely used in different biomedical applications (dental devices, orthopedic implants, etc.). Casting and metal forming are the two conventional technologies for the fabrication of this alloy. Recently, additive manufacturing has also been adopted. Due to the peculiarities of this technological process, 3D-printed alloys differ from traditionally manufactured alloys in their structure and properties. In the present work, the features of selective laser melted Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy were studied in comparison with its wrought analogue. The study included microstructural characterization (optical and electron scanning microscopy), nanoindentation, and tribological testing. It was shown that the SLM alloy featured the “fish-scale” structure, characteristic of additively fabricated alloys. This structure was composed of fine columnar dendrites. SLM Co-28Cr-6Mo was found equivalent or superior to the wrought alloy in terms of properties, such as hardness, elastic modulus and tribological behavior that makes SLM Co-28Cr-6Mo a promising candidate for implant applications.
Process Parameter Optimization of FDM 3D Printer Using PETG and Carbon Fiber PETG
Authors: Sunder S. Shyam , Sahithi V.V.D.
Published: March 2023

In the modern world, the difficulty of manufacturing has gradually decreased by many new technologies. 3D printing is one of those technologies which completely improved the flexibility of manufacturing to overcome any complex design where any complex part can be manufactured using different types of 3D printers with different materials indeed. 3D printers are differentiated by materials FDM is one of the 3D printers used to print plastic and composite materials. A CAD design is converted into STL file and sent to slicing software to check any tessellation errors. Component is then fed into MakerBot software to check for proper orientation and changing the printing parameters. 3D printers also have input parameters like conventional manufacturing process, which have high impact on the printed part. In this paper we mainly focused on Input parameters like printing temperature, layer thickness, raster angle is changed using Taguchi method to observe the changes in the material properties.
Evidence for multiple mating by female eastern carpenter bees, Xylocopa virginica (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Duff Lyndon B. , Proulx Alex N.M. , Corbin Lyllian A.-J. , Richards Miriam H.
Published: March 2023

Relatedness within groups is influenced by the mating patterns of founders: the more parents that contribute to a group, the lower the relatedness of their offspring. Xylocopa virginica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a facultatively social bee in which low relatedness is influenced by sequential maternity. We investigated whether multiple paternity, which would occur if egg-laying females mate multiple times, might also contribute to low relatedness among female nestmates. We used two approaches to investigate how frequently females mate polyandrously. First, we used visual observations of mating behaviour to estimate mating frequencies and to evaluate evidence for temporal variation in female receptivity to mates. Second, we used a data set of microsatellite genotypes to evaluate evidence for multiple paternity based on inferred proportions of full and half sisters. Based on visual observations, we inferred a female mating frequency of 1.1 (harmonic mean). Females were more receptive early in their first nestmate provisioning phase and less receptive in their second brood provisioning phase. Based on microsatellite genotypes analysed with COLONY software, we inferred that 5–44% of female sibships included maternal half sisters, implying female mating frequencies between 1.13 and 1.41 (harmonic means). Thus, multiple mating contributes to the low group relatedness found in Xylocopa virginica.
Soluble TREM-like Transcript-1 Acts as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern through the TLR4/MD2 Pathway Contributing to Immune Dysregulation during Sepsis
Authors: Chang Chia-Ming , Cheng Kuang-Hua , Wei Tsai-Yin , Lu Meng-Ping , Chen Yi-Chen , Lu Yen-Ta
Published: March 2023

Studies have shown that elevated plasma levels of platelet-derived soluble TREM-like transcript-1 (sTLT-1) are associated with an unfavorable outcome in patients with septic shock. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well defined. This research aimed to study the role of sTLT-1 in mediating immune dysfunction during the development of sepsis. Our study demonstrated that patients with septic shock have significantly higher plasma concentrations of sTLT-1, whereas sTLT-1 is not detectable in healthy subjects. Plasma concentrations of sTLT-1 were correlated with the degree of immunosuppressive parameters in monocytes from patients with septic shock. sTLT-1 can first activate monocytes by binding to the TLR4/MD2 complex but subsequently induce immunosuppressive phenotypes in monocytes. Blocking Abs against TLR4 and MD2 led to a significant decrease in sTLT-1–induced activation. Treatment with an anti–TLT-1 Ab also significantly reduces sTLT-1 binding to monocytes and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in a mouse model of endotoxemia. sTLT-1 acts as an endogenous damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, triggering the activation of monocytes through the TLR4/MD2 complex followed by sustained immune suppression. This process plays a crucial role in the development of sepsis-associated pathophysiology. Our findings outline, to our knowledge, a novel pathway whereby platelets counteract immune dynamics against infection through sTLT-1.
The importance of promoting oral health in schools: a pilot study
Authors: Saccomanno Sabina , De Luca Martina , Saran Stefano , Petricca Maria Teresa , Caramaschi Elena , Mastrapasqua Rodolfo Francesco , Messina Giuseppe , Gallusi Gianni
Published: March 2023

Promotion of oral health has an essential role in the maintenance of teeth in adults. However, health education must start from an early age, in order to monitor the child's growth and prevent pathologies. Schools are in charge of the overall education of children and of guidance to parents but could also be engaged in the promotion of oral health, supported and counseled by pediatricians and dentists. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate whether school age children could be taught, successfully, basic oral sciences and dental hygiene, by a professional, during school hours. In this pilot study, an anonymized test was administered to 45 children of age between 8 and 10, both before and after an interactive lecture on oral health, to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and acquisition by the children of knowledge on oral health. After the presentation, the majority of the children were able to answer correctly to the questionnaire that was given to them (test, retest) which was related to dental anatomy and pathology (number of teeth, cavities, halitosis), and dental hygiene tools and practices (brushes, floss, mouth wash, tongue scrapers). The children seemed to be receptive to learning while in school, and a specific educational session of dental hygiene and oral health seems to be the right approach to ensure children can identify dental hygiene tools and use them appropriately.
Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of smear layer removal using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, etidronic acid, and chitosan nanoparticle solution as root canal irrigants
Authors: Bajpe Sunheri , Shetty Chitharanjan , Shetty Aditya , Kaur Gurmeen , Saji Shalin Ann , Prabha Chandra
Published: March 2023

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 17% EDTA, 18% etidronic acid, and 0.2% chitosan nanoparticle solution in smear layer removal using SEM image analysis.

Methods:

Thirty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were used. After biomechanical preparation, the samples were divided into Group I (17% EDTA), Group II (18% etidronic acid), and Group III (0.2% chitosan nanoparticle solution) containing 10 samples each. Longitudinal sectioning of the samples was done. The samples were observed under SEM at apical, middle, and coronal levels. The images were scored according to the criteria by Hullsman. Statistical analysis was done, with the significance level set at P < 0.05, and performed with SPSS 16.0 statistical package for Windows.

Results:

Smear layer removal at coronal, middle, and apical thirds was more effective when final irrigation was performed using 0.2% chitosan solution, followed by 17% EDTA. At the apical third, all the irrigants showed poor smear layer removing property, but chitosan showed comparatively better results.

Conclusion:

0.2% chitosan nanoparticle solution was more effective in removing the smear layer when compared to 17% EDTA and 18% etidronic acid irrigants.
An in vitro comparative evaluation of the effect of three intracanal medicaments – chlorhexidine gel, triple antibiotic paste, and calcium hydroxide paste on the push-out bond strength of MTA Plus, Biodentine, and calcium-enriched mixture
Authors: Datta Gouthami , Raghu Ramya , Shetty Ashish , Manjunath Gautham P , Patel Dishant , Rajasekhara Subhashini
Published: March 2023

Aim:

Caries or traumatic injuries affecting young permanent teeth during root development usually result in an open apex which is highly challenging to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of apical plugs of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Plus, Biodentine, and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) after premedication with chlorhexidine, triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and calcium hydroxide.

Methods:

Fifty-four extracted intact anterior teeth were decoronated and 3 mm was sectioned from the apex. The canals were rendered parallel using #80 K-files and #3, #4 Peeso reamers to mimic an open apex situation. The samples were divided into 3 groups containing 18 samples each for the three intracanal medicaments. After premedication, the samples were stored for 2 weeks at 37°C, following which the canals were cleaned using #80 K-file along with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The samples were further divided into three subgroups, each containing six samples for the three calcium silicate cement used in this study. They were later subjected to push-out bond strength testing.

Results:

Regardless of the type of intracanal medicament used, Biodentine had significantly higher bond strength than MTA Plus and CEM. The highest push-out bond strength results were obtained in samples premedicated with chlorhexidine. Compared to TAP and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2), this value was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of this study, Biodentine showed the highest push-out bond strength as compared to MTA Plus and CEM. Chlorhexidine may be superior to calcium hydroxide and TAP medicaments when used for apexification procedures with calcium silicate cement.
Are P values given more importance than they deserve?
Authors: Aggarwal Vivek , Singla Mamta
Published: March 2023

In many of the scientific reports, the conclusions are based on the P values. The results are dichotomized based on the cutoff of P values. Often, the clinical significance is ignored over statistical significance. The sole dependence on P values can lead to erroneous conclusions. The confidence intervals in turn can provide more useful information. They provide applicability of the data in whole populations. This article provides insight into P values, the null hypothesis, and confidence intervals.
Historical and contemporary reflections on evolutionary concepts that challenge the classification of endo-perio lesions
Authors: Bingham Kristen , Gutmann James L.
Published: March 2023

The so-called endodontic-periodontic lesion or relationship has been a clinical concept that has mystified the dental profession for decades as it relates to accurate, precise diagnoses. It is a typical chicken-before-the-egg type of dilemma imbued with unknowns as to the etiology, interrelationships, and correct procedural management. Attempts have been made over the last 100 years to classify this relationship, with all efforts falling short of ideal in various respects. This article will attempt to provide historical relevance, scientific validity, and some clinical perspectives to this dilemma, including reflections that are encountered daily in contemporary dental practice.
CBCT-Based Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in Fibro Osseous Lesions Using Image Analysis - A Retrospective Radiographic Study
Authors: Jayachandran S , Archana M
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems are frequently used to image bones for research purposes to investigate trabecular and cortical changes in bone disorders. A unique technique that may be used for the early diagnosis of bone lesions is fractal dimension (FD) analysis and bone architecture analysis using CBCT scans.

Aim:

To assess and compare the changes in trabecular bone architecture in fibro-osseous lesions by bone image analysis and FD analysis in CBCT scans of fibro-osseous lesions.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective analysis included the CBCT scans of 25 patients from archival records of the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. As per specific exclusion and inclusion criteria, the radiographs were chosen. To establish a noninvasive assessment of the bone structure, CBCT scans were subjected to bone architecture analysis and FD analysis using box-counting (with ImageJ software).

Results and Conclusions:

The FD values and bone parameter values on the affected and the normal side will be recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 22. There was a statistically significant difference in the FD values between the normal and abnormal sides in all fibro-osseous lesions. Five parameters in fibrous dysplasia showed a significant statistical difference in comparison to the normal and abnormal sides. It can be concluded that FD analysis provides a novel technique for the early detection of fibro-osseous lesions.