bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Complications after Insertion by Surgeons, Radiologists, or Nephrologists
Authors: Ku Elaine , Copeland Timothy , McCulloch Charles E. , Freise Christopher , Legaspi Sabrina , Weinhandl Eric , Woo Karen , Johansen Kirsten L.
Published: October 2023

Significance Statement

The Advancing American Kidney Health Initiative aims to increase rates of utilization of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the United States. One of the first steps to PD is successful catheter placement, which can be performed by surgeons, interventional radiologists, or nephrologists. We examined the association between operator subspecialty and risk of needing a follow-up procedure in the first 90 days after initial PD catheter implantation. Overall, we found that 15.5% of catheters required revision, removal, or a second catheter placement within 90 days. The odds of requiring a follow-up procedure was 36% higher for interventional radiologists and 86% higher for interventional nephrologists compared with general surgeons. Further research is needed to understand how to optimize the function of catheters across different operator types.

Background

The US government has implemented incentives to increase the use of PD. Successful placement of PD catheters is an important step to increasing PD utilization rates. Our objective was to compare initial outcomes after PD catheter placement by different types of operators.

Methods

We included PD-naïve patients insured by Medicare who had a PD catheter inserted between 2010 and 2019. We examined the association between specialty of the operator (general surgeon, vascular surgeon, interventional radiologist, or interventional nephrologist) and odds of needing a follow-up procedure, which we defined as catheter removal, replacement, or revision within 90 days of the initial procedure. Mixed logistic regression models clustered by operator were used to examine the association between operator type and outcomes.

Results

We included 46,973 patients treated by 5205 operators (71.1% general surgeons, 17.2% vascular surgeons, 9.7% interventional radiologists, 2.0% interventional nephrologists). 15.5% of patients required a follow-up procedure within 90 days of the initial insertion, of whom 2.9% had a second PD catheter implanted, 6.6% underwent PD catheter removal, and 5.9% had a PD catheter revision within 90 days of the initial insertion. In models adjusted for patient and operator characteristics, the odds of requiring a follow-up procedure within 90 days were highest for interventional nephrologists (HR, 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56 to 2.22) and interventional radiologists (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.58) followed by vascular surgeons (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.14) compared with general surgeons.

Conclusions

The probability of needing a follow-up procedure after initial PD catheter placement varied by operator specialty and was higher for interventionalists and lowest for general surgeons.
1924 Bahriye Bütçesi Görüşmeleri Işığında Cumhuriyetin İlk Yıllarında Türk Donanması
Authors: ÖZCAN ERDAL Burcu
Published: October 2023

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kuruluşuyla birlikte deniz güvenliği ve savunması, devletin yeni yönetiminin öncelikli meselelerinden biri haline gelmiş, 1924 Bahriye Bütçesi görüşmeleri ile Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki deniz gücünün oluşturulmasında ve geliştirilmesindeki temel adımlardan biri atılmıştır. Bu makale, 1924 Bahriye Bütçesi görüşmelerinin, Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri'nin erken dönemdeki evrimi ve donanmanın ulusal bağımsızlıktaki rolü açısından önemini incelemektedir.

Görüşmelerin odak noktası, Türk donanmasının güncel ihtiyaçlarının karşılanarak modernizasyonunun gerçekleştirilebilmesi için ayrılacak bütçeyi belirlemekti. Donanmanın ihtiyaçlarının tespit edilmesi, teknolojik altyapısının güçlendirilmesi ve personel eğitimi gibi hayati meselelerin ele alındığı TBMM’deki bu görüşmeler sırasında alınan kararlar, donanmanın gelişimi açısından belirleyici bir rol oynadı.

Bu çalışmada, 1924 Bahriye Bütçesi görüşmelerinin ardından Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri'nin nasıl yeniden yapılandırıldığı ve modern bir donanmanın temellerinin atıldığı ele alınmış, Bahriye Vekâleti’nin kuruluşu ve kurumsallaşması ayrıntılı olarak anlatılmıştır. Bu çerçevede TBMM Gizli Celse Zabıtları, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi başta olmak üzere çeşitli resmi yayınlar ile birçok araştırma ve inceleme eserinden yararlanılmıştır.
Measuring Interest Rate Risk Management by Financial Institutions
Authors: Brunetti Celso , Foley-Fisher Nathan , Verani Stéphane
Published: October 2023

Financial intermediaries manage myriad interest rate risk exposures. We propose a new method to measure financial intermediaries' residual interest rate risk using high-frequency financial market data. Our method exploits all available high-frequency information and is valid under extremely weak assumptions. Applying the method to U.S. life insurers, we find their interest rate risk management strategies are generally effective. However, life insurers are more sensitive to changes in long-term interest rates than property and casualty insurers. We show that the term premium helps to explain the difference in sensitivities between the two types of insurer.
MANAGERIAL DILEMMAS IN SOVIET TAILORING IN THE 1960S
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Papushina Yu. O.
Published: October 2023

The article represents a microanalysis of Soviet tailoring in Perm region, exploring managerial practices in tailoring, its problems and internal contradictions. The author understands tailoring as the system of tailoring shops and workshops administered by the Department of Everyday service in Perm region. The regional tailoring system has not been sufficiently studied in comparison with the Clothing Design Houses of the Ministry of Light Industry and private dressmaking. The study focuses on fashion design management and the industrialization of tailoring. Evidence for the study comes from the State Archive of Perm Region. The article reveals that the main managerial problem of Soviet tailoring in the 1960s was maintaining a balance between the fulfillment of planned tasks and customer satisfaction. The tailoring industrialization attempted to combine the traditional approach to tailoring with the Fordist way of organizing customer goods production that dominated the decade. The lack of diversity in large-scale production made customers extensively use tailoring as a replacement and pushed further the development of tailoring industrialization. Tailoring professionals and party bureaucrats differed in their views on the future of tailoring. The managerial practices in fashion design included administrative enforcement and material incentives. Finally, directions for future work are discussed in the paper.
MODERNITY, TEMPORALITY AND SOVIET FASHION IN LENINGRAD DURING THE 1950S AND THE 1960S
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Platonova E. S.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the process of clothing design at the Soviet official fashion institution, the Leningrad Fashion House, in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Based on the archival materials and visual sources, the research aims at exploring Soviet fashion as a manifestation of modernity. One of the key ideological and political agendas of the state leaders of that period was the aim to overcome backwardness. However, compared to Western fashion design, Soviet clothing always looked “frozen in time”. The article investigates the specifics of temporality of Soviet fashion. The analysis of unique sources exhibits that Soviet fashion had several temporal orders. The first temporal order was formed due to the different speeds of design and production. Class, social and cultural inequalities influenced the formation of various fashions in the Soviet Union, which could retard from each other. Soviet designers did not set themselves the goal of creating a completely alternative variant of modern fashion. Understanding of modernity was shaped by the transnational entanglements of ideas and practices, as Western fashion remained the major reference point for what it meant to be modern. The key theoretical result of the article is that, being in different temporalities, Soviet fashion indicated different dimensions of modernity.
JUSTIFYING OF JOHN LOCKE: “NATURALIZATION” OF BRITISH IMLERIALISM?
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Shipitsyna Yu. S.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of revaluing John Locke’s intellectual heritage. The denial of the “myth of the Given” in the tradition of empirical philosophy, the reconstruction of the political context of writing “The Two Treatises of Government”, as well as the criticism of post-colonial historians in the second half of the 20th century placed Locke’s authority in doubt. The paper analyzes the traditions of Locke’s “accusation” and “defense” that have developed in foreign and native historiography. The tradition of the accusation is based on some facts of the biography of Locke, including his concern with the writing of the Constitution of Carolina (16) and ownership of some territories of this colony, as well as his closeness to his patron Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury and the circumstances of Exclusion Crisis, in which he was participated. But even more resonant are some of Locke’s theories and arguments, as well as the logic of reasoning in his famous essays “Two treatises of government” and “An Essay concerning human understanding”. The tradition of defense appeal to the complex context of Locke’s life and writings. Locke’s discourse of justification has been researched from the point of view of the emotional reflection of professional historians, as well as a general crisis in historical consciousness, efforts to resolve which were realized in the term of “pastness of the past”. This approach defines new research. Moreover, the author pays attention to the actualization of Locke’s professional experience in the area of medicine in the works of historians. Comprehensive knowledge of natural history, as well as long-term medical practice, not only influenced Locke’s ethics, but also determined his logic of argumentation. Locke’ favorite strategy for approving his ideas seems to be naturalization as giving a natural character to social terms and appeal for examples and proofs to natural phenomena.
Theory of Technomagic: Spells, Ecstasy and Possessions in Digital Culture
Authors: Susca Vincenzo
Published: October 2023

The rituals, ceremonies and effervescence of the sacred manifest themselves in digital culture not only through the proliferation of new religious cults. They do so through the online actualisation of traditional religious forms but also the spiritual elevation of objects (Houtman & Meyer, 2012), practices (Carolyn, 2014) or ephemeral, playful and dreamlike images (Susca, 2016). In most cases, they involve figures that evoke the most sensitive and immaterial aspects of experience: its flesh (Esposito, 2004; Henry, 2000) and its imaginary (Durand, 1992). This is the actualisation of what Durkheim (2008) called the “social divine”. We are thus witnessing the proliferation of a multitude of small churches characterised by a low degree of institutionalisation and a high symbolic and emotional density (Maffesoli, 2020). In this sense, digital sociality acquires a decisive value in transfiguring ordinary life, the realm of the profane, into a mythical and mystical experience, brushing up against the sacred in its wildest form (Bastide, 1975). Indeed, the relationships that emerge from these media landscapes reveal a capacity to associate what is separate in time and space, previously belonging to the spiritual and transcendent orders (Davis, 1999). Thus, the culture of connection and sharing actualises in secular spheres a whole set of symbolic experiences reminiscent of religious mysteries (Campbell, 2012). This imaginary modifies the modern relationship between technology and society according to a paradigm that could be called “technomagic”.
Potential of an antioxidant combination Twendee X® to treat depressive disorders
Authors: Fukka You , Yoshiaki Harakawa , Toshikazu Yoshikawa , Haruhiko Inufusa
Published: October 2023

Depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders have major impacts on the daily life. These disorders are triggered by stress and obstacles stemming from changes in people’s environment, relationships, finances, health, or in the case of many women, triggered by childbirth. An increase in the incidence of depression worldwide strongly correlates with modernization, economic downturns and the effects of major global events such as war and the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the cause of the onset of depressive conditions, there is evidence that implicates Oxidative Stress (OS) as one of the major causes of depressive disorders. This strong association likely stems from the fact that compared to other organs, the brain is more vulnerable OS due to its high oxygen consumption, high lipid content, and weak antioxidant defense. In fact, decreased serum levels of antioxidants and a significant increase in MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation, have been observed in depressed patients, indicating an elevated OS state. This state leads to not only cellular damage, but also inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, addressing this lack of antioxidants could potentially alleviate depressive symptoms due to OS. Twendee X® (TwX) is a supplement that combines potent levels of eight active ingredients and has shown preventive effects in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Studies using diabetes and aged mouse models, known risk factors for dementia, have shown that TwX has antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial protective effects, as well as inhibiting the age-related decline of neurogenesis and autophagy function. We theorized that these actions of TwX have been proposed to benefit depression by controlling OS. This literature review uses publications on PubMed and Google Scholar to explore the role of OS in psychiatric disorders and recent evidence of the therapeutic effects of antioxidants on such disorders. Publications also include those targeting TwX, which we theorize may be effective in neuropsychiatric disorders via its ability to possibly alleviate the effect of OS in the brain.
Cross-sectional observational study on correlation of obesity and overweight in children with insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR score
Authors: Clara Rilna Joseph , Harish Kumar , Kavitha Bhat
Published: October 2023

With improvements in lifestyle and healthcare throughout the world, there has been an increasing incidence of obesity among adults and children. It is important that obesity and its adverse effects be recognized in childhood and measures be taken right from childhood to tackle the long-term outcomes of the same. We have studied the correlation of scores like Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and its relation with Insulin resistance in children. Which helps as a tool in early recognition of lifestyle diseases in children. It was seen that of a total of 50 children of which 40 children were obese (BMI greater than 95th centile) and 10 children were overweight (BMI greater than 85th centile), 43 children had insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR score (cut-off=2.5) and 7 were non-insulin resistant. From our study, it has been concluded that HOMA-IR has a strong correlation with BMI and can be used as a surrogate marker of Insulin resistance.
The “Human Emotions” and the new “Perrotta Human Emotions Model” (PHEM-2): Structural and functional updates to the first model
Authors: Giulio Perrotta , Vanessa Basiletti , Stefano Eleuteri
Published: October 2023

Background: The first version of the Perrotta Human Emotions Model (PHEM) responded to the need for better structuring, in a functional framework, of emotions and sentiments, giving the proper role to anxiety, according to a neurobiological perspective, in a strategic scheme, but needs structural and functional corrections. Methods: Clinical interview, based on narrative-anamnestic and documentary evidence, and battery of psychometric tests. Results: Statistical comparison of data obtained by administering PHEM-1 versus data obtained by administering PHEM-2 reported an R = 0.999, with p = ≤0.001, as is the case when testing clinical utility by assessing it using MMPI-2-RF and PICI-2. Conclusion: This research confirms the clinical usefulness of administering the PHEM-2, compared with the previous version, during psychotherapeutic encounters conducted according to the brief or otherwise integrated strategic approach.
Positive Discourse Scale in Teaching: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: GENÇ Galip , ÖKSÜZ Cumali
Published: October 2023

In this study, it was aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to be used for 3rd and 4th grade primary school students to evaluate positive discourse in teaching processes. For the study, an item pool was created by reviewing the literature on discourse and positive discourse. The prepared items were made ready after expert evaluations and pre-application to students. After the scale was applied, exploratory factor analysis was performed within the scope of validity and it was concluded that it had 4 sub-dimensions consisting of 25 items explaining 51% of the total variance. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was performed and it was concluded that the chi-square value (χ 2/sd ) was 1.87, SRMR value was 0.05, TLI value was 0.88 and CFI value was 0.9. It was found that the scale was compatible with this structure. At the same time, Cronbach Alpha value and McDonald's Omega coefficient were calculated in the reliability calculations of the scale. It was concluded that the Cronbach Alpha value for the whole Positive Discourse in Teaching Scale was 0.91 and McDonald's Omega coefficient was 0.91. It can be stated that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for primary school 3rd and 4th grade students. This scale was developed to enable primary school students to evaluate positive discourse. Considering the teaching process, a scale can also be developed for teachers to determine the level of student’s positive discourse.
Examination of Primary and Secondary School Mathematics Textbooks in Terms of Root Values
Authors: DİVRİK Ramazan , AYDOĞDU Mustafa Zeki
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to examine mathematics textbooks in terms of the root values in the curriculum. For this purpose, 8 mathematics textbooks taught in primary and secondary schools in the 2022-2023 academic year were examined regarding root values. Document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The identified textbooks were subjected to first-read by the researchers, and the expressions thought to contain value statements were identified. The study observed that the number of root values in elementary school mathematics textbooks decreased as the grade level increased. In primary school textbooks, the value of responsibility is the most common, and the value of honesty is the least common. In middle school mathematics textbooks, root values decrease as the grade level increases (except sixth grade). While responsibility and benevolence are the most common values in middle school textbooks, respect is the least common. According to these results, it is recommended that primary and secondary school mathematics textbooks should include a greater number and variety of value statements and that textbooks should be prepared with an equal distribution of these values according to grade levels and values.
Examination of Preschool Teachers' Views on Mathematics Efficacy
Authors: GÜLBURNU Mehmet
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to examine preschool teachers' views on mathematics self-efficacy, mathematics teaching self-efficacy, factors affecting efficacy, and their own mathematics proficiency levels in the context of mathematics efficacy. The study was conducted with 10 preschool teachers working in public schools in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey in the 2022-2023 academic year. In the study where the case study was adopted, the participants were teachers from different school types and with different professional experiences. The results of the study revealed that preschool teachers consider mathematics efficacy in the context of mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics teaching self-efficacy. However, they stated that internal and external factors are effective on mathematics efficacy. In addition, different parameters played a role in whether they found themselves competent in mathematics efficacy. Depending on the results of the study, various suggestions have been presented that will lead to research on mathematics efficacy.
Differences in Burnout Aspects in Croatian Nursing Students – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Friganović Adriano , Čukljek Snjezana , Bošković Sandra , Kurtović Biljana , Kovačević Irena , Spevan Marija , Brusić Josip , Civka Kristian
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a growing concern among nursing students, potentially impacting their academic success and future professional performance. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of burnout syndrome in Croatian nursing students and examine the associations between burnout and demographic features (age, gender, year of study, part-time or full-time study).
Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 423 nursing students from the University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Rijeka. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI); MBI human services survey was used to assess burnout levels.
Results: Nursing students at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Rijeka, experienced higher burnout levels than those at the University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb (χ2 = 10.214, ss = 2, p = 0.006). Significant associations were found between burnout levels and age, gender, year of study, and enrolment status. Specifically, younger students, female students, and full-time students reported higher levels of emotional exhaustion (EE). 2nd-year students reported lower EE than their first and 3rd-year peers.
Conclusions:  This study underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing the unique needs and stressors faced by different subgroups of nursing students. Tailored interventions and support systems are essential for alleviating burnout and promoting well-being in nursing students. Further research, including longitudinal studies, is required to better understand burnout progression and to inform the development of effective strategies for reducing burnout in nursing education.
Modeling and Automation of Data Collection and Processing in a Smart Medical Ward
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation, Levonevskiy D. K. , Motienko A. I. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The study considers modeling and automating the processes of data collection and processing in a smart medical ward. We examined the existing solutions in the field of smart wards. Such solutions allow to increase patient safety, improve the quality of their treatment, optimize workflows in inpatient facilities, reduce costs and increase comfort of the patients. At the same time, these solutions are focused on particular tasks, use varied technologies and protocols, and implement single scenarios for the functioning of the ward. This is not enough to create an integrated approach to automating patient treatment in smart wards, as there are problems of compatibility and integration of heterogeneous modules, systems and protocols, which leads to growing costs and reduced profitability. To avoid these problems, the complex must be implemented within a single framework with typical components, connections, and operation scenarios. To do this, at the first stage of the work, a conceptual model of a smart room is proposed, a description of its components is given, and scenarios of their functioning are provided. An algorithm for collecting and processing data for diagnosis and stratification of diseases has also been developed, a simulation of the smart ward operation has been carried out, and it showed that the implementation of data collection and processing using smart components can reduce the processing time at least twice.
Neural Network Technology for Traffic Flow Analysis in Automated Traffic Control Systems
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation, Khusainov R. M. , Talipov N. G. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation, Katasev A. S. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation, Shalaeva D. V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of solving the problem of developing a neural network technology for analyzing traffic flows in automated traffic control systems. Methods for analyzing traffic flows using various technologies, existing systems for analyzing traffic flows based on neural network technologies and technologies for detecting and tracking objects on a video stream in order to ensure traffic safety are described. The algorithms used in the operation of neural network technology are described, including the stages of object detection; tracking of detected objects; identifying incidents; automatic collection of information from video streams; collecting statistics. According to the results of approbation (testing) of the implemented neural network technology on own (prepared) and used video data downloaded from the Internet, the reliability of the results of the study of video frames (correct recognition of traffic flow objects) in the neural network traffic control system was 85—90 %. Errors occurred in the presence of a large number of objects on a video frames and poor quality of the video stream. When monitoring the parameters of the traffic flow, the collection, analysis and provision of aggregated data on the traffic situation on the road section were ensured. Automatic collection of information from video files is implemented up to the file time without refer­ence to real time. The statistical data obtained during the study can be used in automated traffic control systems to analyse traffic flows and in other control and decision-making systems to increase the responsiveness to incidents. The results obtained can be applied in traffic flow studies to obtain accurate statistics and forecast anomalies and incidents (traffic accidents, traffic jams) in order to ensure traffic safety.
Physical and geographical correlates of deviant behavior
Authors: Mulik Alexander B. , Shatyr Yulia A. , Ulesikova Irina V. , Yusupov Vladislav V. , Zubenko Alexander I. , Soloviev Andrey G. , Nazarov Nikita O.
Published: October 2023

AIM: To study the potential role of physical environmental factors in the development of deviant behavior in population groups residing in different territories.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: At the initial phase of the study, we identified the key physical and geographical factors of the environment and assessed the indicators of social and criminal tension in 14 regions of Russia. In total, 1815 male and female students, aged 18–28 years, who were native residents of the selected regions, participated in the field research. During the field stage, the psychological state of the participants was assessed using the Freiburg multifactorial personality questionnaire. This assessment included evaluating character accentuations, suggestibility, frustration, irritability, adventurousness, as well as social activity and destructiveness. Additionally, the participants’ «prosociality-asociality» and type of behavioral activity (A–B) were examined. The subjects’ experience with psychoactive substances was self-reported. Associations between the variables were studied by correlation analysis.
RESULTS: The average annual temperature was inversely associated with crime rates (p=0.012), number of abortions (p=0.0001), degree of alcoholization (p=0.004), and the proportion of smokers (p=0.011) in the population. Positive correlations were observed between annual temperature, and the level of narcotic substances consumption (p=0.05 and p=0.23 for men and women, respectively), spontaneous aggressiveness (p=0.63 and p=0.024), frustration (p=0.63 and p=0.024), irritability (p=0.068 and p=0.004), asociality (p=0.004 and p=0.247). Lower temperatures were associated with, greater single dose of alcohol (p=0.086 and p=0.033 in men and women, respectively), suggestibility (p=0.189 and p=0.049), emotivity (p=0.21 and p=0.05). The comfort of the environment was inversely associated with suicide rates (p=0.039). In men, comfort was positively associated with consumption of narcotic substances (p=0.05), reactive aggressiveness (p=0.024), irritability (p=0.041), asociality (p=0.011), adventurism (p=0.001), and severity of cardiotype A (p=0.018) while political activity correlated inversely with comfort (p=0.035).
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that physical and geographical factors correlate with social, psychological and behavioral deviations among Russian students.
Residual astigmatism calculation method in implantation of a monofocal non-toric intraocular lens
Authors: Belov Dmitrii F. , Nikolaenko Vadim P. , Alekseeva Angelina  G.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, phacoemulsification with monofocal non-toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is a most common procedure in cataract surgery. Residual astigmatism has an important impact on uncorrected visual acuity. Therefore, development of residual astigmatism assessment method is relevant and may expand indications for toric IOL implantation.
AIM: To develop a method for calculating residual astigmatism in cases when non-toric monofocal IOL is implanted.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 351 patients (391 eyes, 105 men and 246 women, mean age 75.3 8.5 years) who underwent phacoemulsification with non-toric monofocal IOL implantation. Biometry was performed by IOL-Master 500, postoperative refraction was assessed by autorefractometer Topcon-8800.
RESULTS: Using regression analysis, where the depended variable was residual astigmatism, and preoperative corneal astigmatism and steep corneal meridian axis location served as covariates, we revealed a significant relation (p 0.001) with medium strength (R2 = 0.51) between these parameters, which formed residual astigmatism calculation formula for monofocal non-toric IOL implantation: Ast = KAst 0.71 0.62 sinKax + 0.73.
CONCLUSIONS: This formula may allow to evaluate the residual astigmatism and justify a decision on the advisability of toric IOL implantation.
The effects of non-prostaglandin hypotensive drops with preservative on central retinal thickness after phacoemulsification
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Astakhov Sergey Yu. , Cherkashina Anna S. , Anikina Liliia K. , Parasun’ko Tat’yana R. , Potemkin Vitaliy V. , Potemkina Albina R.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Primary open angle glaucoma is often associated with cataract. The correlation between the use hypotensive drops, in particular non-prostaglandin hypotensive drops with preservative, and the change in central retinal thickness after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation continues to be relevant.
AIM: To evaluate central retinal thickness and pseudophakic cystoid macular edema incidence after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma using non-prostaglandin hypotensive drops with preservatives.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 94 patients (108 eyes) with cataract were enrolled in the study, divided into 3 groups: the first group 21 patients (27 eyes), and the second group 21 patients (23 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma using non-prostaglandin hypotensive drops with preservative; the third (control) group included 52 patients (58 eyes) without ocular comorbidities. All patients underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. In the post-op period, patients of the first group received topical antibiotics and steroids, patients of the second and the third groups received the same treatment and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops as well. Central retinal thickness was measured using optical coherence tomography before surgery, 2 weeks, 2 and 6 months after surgery.
RESULTS: The central retinal thickness increase in comparison with baseline values was more significant in the first group than in the second and the third groups, and the time of recovery to baseline values during 6 months after surgery was longer. Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema was not identified in any group.
CONCLUSIONS: The use non-prostaglandin drops with preservative in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma does not affect pseudophakic cystoid macular edema development after uncomplicated phacoemulsification. Instillations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops in the post-op period reduce the time of central retinal thickness recovery to baseline value.
Personal book collections in the library fund of the Military Medical Academy
Authors: Ovchinnikov Dmitrii V. , Mamaeva Svetlana A.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to reveal the role and importance of personal book collections for the formation of the library fund of the Military Medical Academy, as a unique information resource for educational, scientific and practical activities. The historical chain of library patronage is traced in the form of the donation to the library of entire book collections or their fragments by private individuals - representatives of various estates and social groups: statesmen, princes, merchants, publishers, bibliophiles. Information is provided on the largest donations of books and book collections by professors of the Academy and their heirs, on the further fate of these gifts. Among the professors-donors, the names of the leaders of the library are named: V.A. Manassein, A.R. Voynich-Syanozhentsky, D.P. Radoslavova. The origins of the formation of a long tradition of arranging separate cabinets for storing personal libraries of prominent representatives of medical science are considered. In different historical periods, there were personal cabinets of A.G. Bakherakht, Ya.V. Willie, D.I. Kashlakova, S.P. Botkin. The tradition continues to this day: in September 2022, the VMedA library solemnly accepted part of the personal book collection of Academician V.O. Samoilov, placed in a special cabinet, stylized as antique library furniture, which was taken care of by the students and followers of the scientist. Nowadays, the criteria and approaches to evaluating personal libraries are changing: the preservation of their integrity is of particular importance. There comes an understanding that the personal libraries of scientists are of particular interest for historical research: to study the biography, creative path, sources of intellectual development, the network of scientific communications of their owners, to reconstruct their personality and their fate. But only if the libraries are available for study in their entirety, without exceptions. Most of the collections turned out to be scattered in the fund without any hope of re-creation and reunification, at least virtual - in the form of bibliographic lists. Based on the foregoing, it was concluded that there are a number of problems in maintaining the collection unity of personal book collections, modern methods for solving these problems, including those based on the use of special library technologies, are proposed.
Chorionic bump: ultrasound predictor of adverse pregnancy outcome
Authors: Zheleznyak Igor S. , Ryazanov Vladimir V. , Sadykova Gulnaz K. , Boykov Igor V. , Glebov Sergey G. , Kuznetsova Natalya Yu. , Latysheva Anastasiya Ya. , Postanogov Roman A.
Published: October 2023

For the first time R. Harris et al. in 2006 a chorionic bump was described, detected by ultrasound examination in the first trimester of pregnancy, having characteristic ultrasound signs and localization. Modern knowledge about the etiology and clinical significance of chorionic bump for predicting the outcome of pregnancy is insufficient and contradictory. Inconsistency of the data may be due to the rarity of occurrence, a small sample of the studied groups, the lack of histopathological studies. Among doctors who make ultrasound investigations there is a low awareness of chorionic bump and as a result an erroneous interpretation of sonography data. Nevertheless, there is more and more evidence that this sign is a predictor of an adverse outcome of pregnancy. Doctors who make ultrasound investigations in the first trimester of pregnancy should be aware of the chorionic bump and be able to differentiate it with other pathological conditions. If a chorionic bump is detected, ultrasound examination in dynamics should be recommended. Based on the study of domestic and foreign literature, this scientific review presents modern ideas about the pathomorphology of chorionic bump, informations about significance in terms of predicting the outcome of pregnancy, and the main aspects of ultrasound diagnostics and differential diagnosis of this pathology.
Post-Conflict Economic Recovery in Kosovo
Authors: Arlyapova E. , Ponomareva E. , Mladenovic M.
Published: October 2023

Modern Kosovo faces many challenges in post-conflict economic recovery and development. The current international and regional agenda significantly complicate the recovery process. It is a combination of both chronic underdevelopment and post-conflict reconstruction. Such a mix produces limited state governance, a vast shadow economy and criminal networks, massive unemployment, and widespread poverty worsened by original Kosovo's problems such as gender disbalance in the labor force, ethnic discrimination, and unsettled rights of local property owners. The article highlights the current results of internal and external efforts to enhance the ability of Kosovo’s authorities to provide economic and physical security for local households and businesses. It focuses on international support through direct financial aid and external investments and argues that this support challenges the political independence and viability of this self-declared polity. Kosovo is still on the list of Europe's poorest and most vulnerable regions. Reforms are proceeding slowly. A large share of state-owned enterprises is unprofitable. The private sector is fragmented, and microenterprises dominate. Kosovo's economy relies heavily on imports and excessively depends on the trade sector. Financial discipline, efficiency, and transparency of the resource’s distribution, optimization of intersectoral interaction, fight against corruption – all these issues are still on the current economic and political agenda, as they were ten years ago, despite Kosovo’s ranking as one of the top twenty most improved economies in the world. Financial dependence becomes a formidable barrier to Kosovo's membership in the European Union.
Estimation of serum levels of Parathyroid hormone, Vitamin D, Calcium and Phosphorus to study their association with age, gender, disease duration, and severity of chronic plaque psoriasis: Results of a case control study
Authors: Mehta Karaninder Singh , Negi Rohit , Chauhan Pushpinder Singh , Sharma Anuj , Sharma Reena , Mahajan Vikram
Published: October 2023

: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by rapid turnover of epidermal keratinocytes; presenting clinically as erythema, induration, and scaling Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by parathyroid glands and its elevated levels may be seen in psoriasis and several other disorders of keratinization. PTH/PTH-related peptide receptors are present in dermal fibroblasts & regulate proliferation and maturation of fibroblasts and  keratinocytes. Release of PTH is under the feedback  regulation of serum Ca2+, Vit.D and PO

: To assess the Parathyroid hormone levels in patients of Psoriasis along with Vitamin D, Serum Calcium and Serum Phosphorus levels.

: Out of the 50 cases aged between 18 and 91 years majority of patients i.e 22 (44%) were in the age group of 18-40 years followed by 20 (40%) patients in 41-60 years age group. Eight (16%) patients were above >60 years. 32 (64%) patients who had psoriasis for less than ≤60 months while 18 (36%) patients had psoriasis for more than >60 months Serum PTH (normal 10–65pg/ml), Vitamin D(normal 20-50(ng/ml), calcium (normal 9-11mg/dl and phosphorus (normal 2.5-4.5mg/dl) levels were measured after overnight fasting.

: A total of 50 psoriasis patients along with 50 non-psoriatic age and sex matched controls were recruited for the study. There were 28 males and 22 females in the patient group aged between 18 and 91 years (mean±SD 43.52±16.23 years). The mean age of controls was 47.12±16.29 years with 19(38%) subjects in 18-40 years age group and 21(42%) in 41-60 years age group. Amongst the cases, there were 10(20%) patients who had abnormal PTH levels (six had elevated levels of PTH and four patients with low PTH levels) while 40(80%) had normal levels (mean±SD 47.97±25.46 pg/ml).

: The interpretation of our observation remains complex and any conclusion for the significance of these biochemical abnormalities remain conjectural. Moreover, association of psoriasis with abnormal biochemical parameters remains debatable in view of limited number of studies whether abnormal biochemical parameters can serve as markers of severity and their correction can lead to improvement in the disease needs confirmation with more well designed experimental and prospective clinical studies.
ESTUDIO DE LA VOCALIZACIÓN DE TRECE ESPECIES DE ANUROS DEL MUNICIPIO DE IBAGUÉ, COLOMBIA
Authors: Hernando Bernal Manuel , Montealegre Diana Patricia , Páez Carlos Andrés
Published: October 2023

Con el objetivo de conocer algunas características de la actividad vocal y de determinar los anuros del municipio de Ibagué a través de parámetros acústicos, se realizó el presente trabajo en 11 sitios diferentes dentro del municipio, en un rango altitudinal comprendido desde los 780 m. hasta los 4.300 m. De las 35 especies de anuros encontradas en el municipio solo fue posible el registro acústico de 13 de ellas, las cuales presentan vocalizaciones que son características para cada especie y permiten su identificación taxonómica. También se observó que entre las especies existe una gran variación interespecífica e intraespecífica en la tasa de llamados, una menor variación en la duración de un llamado, notas por llamado, pulsos por nota y que la frecuencia dominante es la variable con la menor variación intraespecífica pero con gran variación interespecífica.
ESTUDIO QUÍMICO DE LA NUEZ DEL MARAÑÓN GIGANTE (ANACARDIUM GIGANTEUM)
Authors: Ramos Freddy A. , Osorio Coralia , Duque Carmenza , Cordero Claudia , Aristizábal Fabio , Garzón Cristina , Fujimoto Yoshinori
Published: October 2023

A partir del extracto metanólico de la nuez de Anacardium giganteum se aislaron e identificaron mediante técnicas espectroscópicas (EM, RMN 1 H y de 13 C) los siguientes compuestos: 5-[8’(Z),11’(Z),14-pentadecatrienil]resorcinol 1, 5-[8’(Z),11’(Z)-pentadecadienil]resorcinol 2, 5-[8’(Z)-pentadecenil]resorcinol 3, ácido 6-[8’(Z),11’(Z),14-pentadecatrienil]salicílico 4, ácido 6-[8’(Z),11’(Z)-pentadecadienil]salicílico 5, ácido 6-[8’(Z)-pentadecenil]salicílico 6, ácido 6-pentadecilsalicílico 7, naringenina-7-(6”-O-p-cumaroil)-β-D-glucopiranósido 8 y naringenina-7-O-β-D-glucopiranósido 9. Es importante resaltar que en éste trabajo es la primera vez que se realiza la asignación inequívoca de las señales de RMN 1 H y de 13 C del compuesto 8, mediante el uso de las técnicas bidimensionales HMQC y HMBC. También es la primera vez que se determina la actividad citotóxica de los compuestos 1 - 9 contra las líneas celulares de tumores humanos HEp-2, MCF-7, HT-29 y MKN-45. En dichos ensayos de citotoxicidad, los compuestos 1 – 3 y 8 fueron activos contra las cuatro líneas celulares utilizadas.
Women’s diplomacy in the XVI century France: the example of Louise of Savoy
Authors: Bystrova Vladislava S.
Published: October 2023

This article is dedicated to researching the women's diplomacy in France in the first half of the XVI century from the perspective of gender history. Despite the fact that ambassadorial offices were mostly occupied by men, women could still perform as diplomats both officially and informally. The image of a woman as a politician is revealed on the example of diplomatic activity of Duchess of Angoulême Louise de Savoy, mother of Francis I de Valois. The article determines her position among the power elites from contemporaries' point of view. The article also reveals the role of a high-ranking lady in exercising diplomatic functions and highlights the features of the official correspondence form of the king's mother. The main directions of foreign policy during the regencies of Louise of Savoy are determined. The role of royal women in exercising diplomatic functions in relation to the political aspects of making the «Ladies' Peace» in 1529 in Cambrai is considered. The author concludes that personality factors, political authority and personal relations played a major role in women's diplomatic work. In the conditions of instability of the French crown, Louise of Savoy manages to avoid the political and economic crisis in the country and create a unique precedent in the sphere of foreign affairs. This allowed her successors to expand diplomatic networks further by continuously conducting correspondence. Apart from concluding traditional dynastic alliances, diplomatic activity included negotiations, carried out by ladies either through trusted ambassadors or in person, signing peace agreements, and forming their own female diplomatic clientele.
Freedom of Human Being in Russian Religious Philosophy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Pozdneva S.P.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the principle of freedom as the guiding principle of Russian religious philosophy.
The Link «Subjective» Personal Properties and Envy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shamionov R.M.
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of the study of the relationship subject properties and propensity to envy. People with a subject position demonstrate low envy towards situation significant areas of the superiority of another person. Identified multiple links between penchant for envy by indirect assessment and self-assessment with subjective properties of the individual.