bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Product Appearance Design Based on Improved Multiobjective Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Wanfen , Han Sangyun
Published: September 2022

Cultural creative products are important carriers of cultural heritage and play a very important role in the inheritance, innovation, and dissemination of culture. At present, cultural and creative products emerge in an endless stream with a variety of patterns. No matter in function or form, most of them still follow the traditional design method, and the product style is relatively single, the identification is not strong, and the heat is not enough. Therefore, in the design of cultural and creative products, it is far from meeting the requirements of the flexible and changeable market to only use culture to conform to the consideration of product form. Instead, it should also take into account the personalized and diversified needs of users for products and carry out in-depth practical research on their functionality and imagery. Therefore, this study proposes an improved multiobjective optimization algorithm, combined with the VGG (visual geometry group) model, to study and design the appearance characteristics, color collocation, and design aesthetic feeling of cultural and creative products. This study hopes that through the continuous attempts of cultural and creative product design, people can feel the splendid cultural connotation civilization again and provide new ideas and good for the advanced theme design of traditional Chinese culture.
Ethnobotanical Study of Traditional Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Human and Animal Diseases in Sedie Muja District, South Gondar, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Amare Bitew , Mohammed Ali Seid , Tefera Abeba Kassa
Published: September 2022

A variety of traditional medicinal plants has been widely used by different indigenous people in Ethiopia for many human and livestock ailments. This study was conducted to investigate and document the use of medicinal plants in the Sedie Muja district. Sixteen key informants were selected purposively and 72 informants were selected randomly from 5 wards. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, group discussions, and field observation. Besides descriptive statistics, the data were analyzed using some ethnobotanical analysis tools like preference ranking, paired comparison, direct matrix ranking, informant consensus factor, and fidelity level index. A total of 89 species of medicinal plants were identified and collected with 82 genera and 44 families. Out of these, 60 species (67.42%) were used against human ailments, 10 species (11.24%) were used against livestock ailments, and 19 species (21.34%) were used to treat both human and livestock ailments. Herbs constituted the largest growth habit (40 species) followed by shrubs (33 species). The most frequently used plant part was leaves (39.9%), followed by roots (23.83%), and the condition of preparation was fresh plant materials (70.98%). The most widely used method of preparation was crushing (22.8%) followed by crushing-squeezing (11.39%). The most common route of administration was oral (49.74%) followed by dermal (30.05%). Ruta chalepensis was the predominant medicinal plant cited by most of the informants 62 (70%) followed by Ocimum lamiifolium 59 (67%). The disease category with the highest ICF value (0.90) was the evil eye. There was a high preference for Euphorbia abyssinica to treat stomachache. Ocimum lamiifolium was the most preferred species for the treatment of febrile illness. Anthropogenic factors are the major threats to medicinal plants. In general, the study area is rich in medicinal plants that have a significant role in the management of various human and livestock diseases.
Optimization of Metro Trains Operation Plans Based on Passenger Flow Data Analysis
Authors: Yang Jun , Tang Yinghao , Ye Tan , Han Xiao , Gong Mengjie
Published: September 2022

Metro intelligent system produces massive passenger flow and traffic data every day, among which route, station, and operation data are important for optimizing the train operation scheme. We collect passenger flow information of Shenzhen metro, analyze the passenger flow pattern and its distribution characteristics based on the data warehouse of the Hadoop platform, and optimize the train operation scheme in this paper. Using dynamic passenger flow data, an optimization model with train departure and dwell time as decision variables and passenger waiting time, passenger ride time, train full load ratio, and train operation balance as objectives is developed. An improved parallel genetic algorithm (GA) incorporating a simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) and an optimal individual retention strategy is used to find the optimal result. To verify the usefulness of the method, simulation experiments are conducted on the optimization model and method using the real passenger flow and train operation data of Shenzhen metro, and the simulation results are compared with the original plan.
TTC7B Is a Novel Prognostic-Related Biomarker in Glioma Correlating with Immune Infiltrates and Response to Oxidative Stress by Temozolomide
Authors: Chen Zhenhua , Cui Shasha , Dai Yong , Lu Chunfeng , Zhang Huan , Zhao Wei , Yan Hongyan , Zhang Yi
Published: September 2022

Background. Gliomas are one of the most prevalent malignant brain tumors. Hence, identifying biological markers for glioma is imperative. TTC7B (Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 7B) is a gene whose role in cancer in currently identified. To this end, we examined the TTC7B expression as well as its prognostic significance, biological roles, and immune system impacts in patients with glioma. Methods. We evaluated the function of TTC7B in GBM and LGG through the published CGGA (Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas) and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) databases. CIBERSORT and TIMER were used to analyze the link between TTC7B and immune cells, while R was used for statistical analysis. In addition, Transwell analysis, including migration and invasion assays, was performed to identify the relationship between TTC7B and temozolomide. Results. Low expression of TTC7B was observed in GBM and LGG. 1p/19q codeletion, IDH mutation, chemotherapy, and grade were found to have a significant correlation with TTC7B. Besides, low TTC7B expression was linked with low overall survival (OS) in both GBM and LGG. In the Cox analysis, TTC7B was found to independently function as a risk element for OS of patients with glioma. Furthermore, CIBERSORT analysis demonstrated a positive link between TTC7B and multiple immune cells, especially activated NK cells. Transwell analysis, including migration and invasion assays, revealed that temozolomide reduced the migration and invasion capacity of glioma cells and increased the expression of TTC7B. Conclusion. In all, TTC7B could serve as a promising prognostic indicator of LGG and GBM, and is closely associated with immune infiltration and response to oxidative stress by temozolomide.
The Potential In Vitro Inhibitory Effects of Neurokinin‐1 Receptor (NK‐1R) Antagonist, Aprepitant, in Osteosarcoma Cell Migration and Metastasis
Authors: Alsaeed Mohammed Ali , Ebrahimi Safieh , Alalikhan Abbas , Hashemi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Hashemy Seyed Isaac
Published: September 2022

Background. Osteosarcoma, the most frequent osteogenic malignancy, has become a serious public health challenge due to its high morbidity rates and metastatic potential. Recently, the neurokinin‐1 receptor (NK‐1R) is proved to be a promising target in cancer therapy. This study is aimed at determining the effect of aprepitant, a safe and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved NK‐1R antagonist, on osteosarcoma cell migration and metastasis, and to explore its underlying mechanism of action. Methods. Colorimetric MTT assay was employed to assess cell viability and cytotoxicity. A wound‐healing assay was used to examine migration ability. The desired genes’ protein and mRNA expression levels were measured by western blot assay and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR), respectively. Gelatinase activity was also measured by zymography. Results. We found that aprepitant inhibited MG‐63 osteosarcoma cell viability in a dose‐dependent manner. We also observed that aprepitant inhibited the migrative phenotype of osteosarcoma cells and reduced the expression levels and activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP‐2 and MMP‐9). Aprepitant also reduced the expression of an angiogenic factor, VEGF protein, and NF‐κB as an important transcriptional regulator of metastasis‐related genes. Conclusion. Collectively, our observations indicate that aprepitant modulates the metastatic behavior of human osteosarcoma cells, which may be applied to an effective therapeutic approach for patients with metastatic osteosarcoma.
Artificial Intelligence Meets Whole Slide Images: Deep Learning Model Shapes an Immune-Hot Tumor and Guides Precision Therapy in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Jiang Yiheng , Huang Shengbo , Zhu Xinqing , Cheng Liang , Liu Wenlong , Chen Qiwei , Yang Deyong
Published: September 2022

Background. To construct and validate a deep learning cluster from whole slide images (WSI) for depicting the immunophenotypes and functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in patients with bladder cancer (BLCA) and to explore an artificial intelligence (AI) score to explore the underlying biological pathways in the developed WSI cluster. Methods. In this study, the WSI cluster was constructed based on a deep learning procedure. Further rerecognition of TME features in pathological images was applied based on a neural network. Then, we integrated the TCGA cohort and several external testing cohorts to explore and validate this novel WSI cluster and a corresponding quantitative indicator, the AI score. Finally, correlations between the AI cluster (AI score) and classical BLCA molecular subtypes, immunophenotypes, functional heterogeneity, and potential therapeutic method in BLCA were assessed. Results. The WSI cluster was identified associated with clinical survival (

P
<
0.001

) and was proved as an independent predictor (

P
=
0.031

), which could also predict the immunology and the clinical significance of BLCA. Rerecognition of pathological images established a robust 3-year survival prediction model (with an average classification accuracy of 86%, AUC of 0.95) for BLCA patients combining TME features and clinical features. In addition, an AI score was constructed to quantify the underlying logic of the WSI cluster (

AUC
=
0.838

). Finally, we hypothesized that high AI score shapes an immune-hot TME in BLCA. Thus, treatment options including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), chemotherapy, and ERBB therapy can be used for the treatment of BLCA patients in WSI cluster1 (high AI score subtype). Conclusions. In general, we showed that deep learning can predict prognosis and may aid in the precision medicine for BLCA directly from H&E histology, which is more economical and efficient.
Hemostatic Effect of 20(S)‐Panaxadiol by Induced Platelet Aggregation Depending on Calcium Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang He , Zhang Yuyao , Tang Xiaolei , Su Wenjie , Yang Chunhui , Pan Daian , Zhao Daqing , Qi Bin , Li Xiangyan
Published: September 2022

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is the most traditional hemostatic herb in China. Our previous research found that 20(S)‐protopanaxadiol showed the hemostatic effect. And 20(S)‐panaxadiol (PD) has a similar structure to 20(S)‐protopanaxadiol with a dammarane skeleton. So, this article mainly studies the hemostatic effect of PD. The mouse tail amputation and liver scratch models were used to detect the hemostatic effect of PD. Blood routine and plasma coagulation parameters were measured by using a blood analyzer. The platelet aggregometer analyzed the platelet aggregation rate and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration. Moreover, the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), P‐selectin (CD62P), PAC‐1 (GP IIb/IIIa receptor marker), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) of platelets were also detected. The results showed that PD obviously shortened the bleeding time of the model mouse, affected the RBC and PLT parameters of rats, reduced APTT and TT, elevated FIB concentration, and promoted human/rat‐washed platelet aggregation in vitro. PD promoted the release of ATP and [Ca2+]i and slightly increased the expression of CD62P and PAC‐1 of platelets without 1 mM Ca2+. After adding 1 mM Ca2+, PD obviously increased ATP releasing and CD62P and GP IIb/IIIa expression rate and decreased the cAMP level of platelets. These parameter changes of PD‐caused platelet were inhibited by vorapaxar. Besides, PD increased the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (PI3K/Akt/GSK3β) of human platelets. PD is an important hemostatic ingredient in Panax notoginseng, which induced platelet aggregation by affecting the calcium signaling and activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway.
Cefazolin/BMP-2-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Repair of Open Fractures with Bone Defects
Authors: Shen Mingkui , Wang Lulu , Feng Li , Xu Chuangye , Gao Yi , Li Sijing , Wu Yulan , Pei Guoxian
Published: September 2022

The study aimed to explore the feasibility of a nanodrug delivery system to treat open fractures with bone defects. We developed a cefazolin (Cef)/bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)@mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) delivery system; meanwhile, Cef/MBP-2@ poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was also developed as control. For the purpose of determining the osteogenic and anti-inflammatory actions of the nanodelivery system, we cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and constructed a bone defect mouse model to evaluate its clinical efficacy. After physicochemical property testing, we determined that MSN had good stability and did not easily accumulate or precipitate and it could effectively prolong the Cef’s half-life by nearly eight times. In BMSCs, we found that compared with the PLGA delivery system, MSNs better penetrated into the bone tissue, thus effectively increasing BMSCs’ proliferation and migration ability to facilitate bone defect repair. Furthermore, the MSN delivery system could improve BMSCs’ mineralization indexes (alkaline phosphatase [ALP], osteocalcin [OCN], and collagen I [Col I]) to effectively improve its osteogenic ability. Moreover, the MSN delivery system could inhibit inflammation in bone defect mice, which was mainly reflected in its ability to reduce the release of IL-1β and IL-4 and increase IL-10 levels; it could also effectively reduce apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, thus improving their immune function. Furthermore, the percentage of new bones, bone mineral density, trabecular volume, and trabecular numbers in the fracture region were improved in mice treated with MSN, which allowed better repair of bone defects. Hence, Cef/BMP-2@MSN may be feasible for open fractures with bone defects.
[Retracted] The Inheritance of Traditional Shuttlecock Sport: A Game Theory‐Based Analysis
Authors: Li Hao
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problem that the inheritance effect of shuttlecock is not ideal and the inheritance strategy is lack of pertinence, this paper puts forward a decision‐making model based on game theory. Firstly, based on the inheritance data of shuttlecock movement, the shuttlecock movement set is established, and the normality, integrity, and standardization of the data set are tested. Then, using weighted theory and game theory, the shuttlecock motion set is divided, and according to the situation of each subset, the game decision‐making method is selected. Finally, under the guidance of game decision‐making method, the inheritance strategy of shuttlecock is obtained. The results show that the concept of shuttlecock inheritance (OR = 1.232, P < 0.000), public participation (OR = 10.865, P < 0.000), government support (OR = 2.561, P < 0.000), and multiangle inheritance measures (OR = 0.965, P < 0.000) all have an impact on the inheritance of shuttlecock. However, the propaganda is not in place (OR = −5.234, P < 0.000), which inhibits the inheritance of sports shuttlecock. Therefore, sports institutions, relevant departments and colleges, and universities should formulate inheritance strategies and measures that meet the requirements from the above factors.
Pit and Fissure Sealant versus Fluoride Varnish for the Prevention of Dental Caries in School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rashed Tasneem , Alkhalefa Nura , Adam Alaa , AlKheraif Abdulaziz
Published: September 2022

Children’s dental health has become the main concern, due to the increase in caries prevalence amongst children. Pit and fissure sealant (PFS) and fluoride varnish (FV) are effective measures for preventing dental caries. However, the clinical efficacy of these interventions when compared to one another is uncertain. The aim of the present systematic review with meta-analysis was to compare pit and fissure sealants with fluoride varnish for caries prevention of first permanent molars among schoolchildren. This is a meta-Analysis, which involves randomized control trials that compare the effectiveness of PFS with FV within 24 months of follow-up. Five databases were searched from 1990 to 2019 to identify studies published in Arabic or English language. The risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. A total number of 4 studies were included with overall of 1249 children in both groups. Three included trial reported caries increment of first permanent molars (FPM) with 24 months of follow-up, there was no statistical significance (RR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.31 to 1.35; P = 0.26 I2 = 89%). As regards DMFS increment, the analysis showed no statistical differences between FV and PFS in terms of lowering DMFS increment (MD: 0.09; 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.21). Findings of this meta-analysis proved there is no significant difference between PFS and FV in caries prevention efficacy of FPMs at 2 years’ follow-up, emphasizing the use of FV since it is more affordable and easier to apply.
Construction and Development of Modern Brand Marketing Management Mode Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Cui Hailang , Nie Yuankun , Li Zhanling , Zeng Jun
Published: September 2022

The continuous development of the times and the application of artificial intelligence technology are more mature and common; as a new concept and way of thinking artificial intelligence technology plays an important role in brand marketing, brand marketing artificial intelligence era has truly arrived. Based on such a background, it is necessary to explore the value of artificial intelligence in brand marketing management and specific implementation strategies. With the help of artificial intelligence technology, we can realize the accurate capture of consumer demand, the accurate portrayal of consumer groups, and the high quality of brand marketing. The essence of strategic brand management is a brand management system based on brand value. With the help of the brand management system, all the company’s contents are integrated and used to guide all the company’s business actions. At the same time, the company’s brand plan and framework are properly adjusted to constantly improve the brand’s own value and promote the sustainable development of the brand and the company. In this paper, we briefly explain and analyze several brand marketing management modes and management countermeasures commonly used by modern enterprises and discuss the problems and optimization countermeasures in modern enterprise brand marketing management, hoping to enlighten the enhancement of enterprise brand marketing promotion effect and promote the sustainable development of enterprises.
A Novel Anticoagulation Method Based on Electrochemical Characteristics of Blood: An in vitro Study
Authors: Jahanbani Alireza , Goodarzi Mohammad , Sajjadi Dezfouli Seyed Mohamad , Yourdkhani Mohammad Reza , Eskandari Roozbahani Narges
Published: September 2022

This in vitro experimental investigation aimed to provide a novel method for preventing blood clotting based on the electrochemical characteristics of blood. Using this method in cases such as dialysis can minimize the risk of blood clots and also avoid hemorrhagic risk for patients. Blood samples were collected from 13 sheep (45 kg) (25 mL), and the clotting time (CT) was measured using a 20-min cutoff after they were separated into control and experimental samples. The test blood sample was put in a cell designed with two aluminum electrodes (positive pole/anode) located in a container containing 0.9% sodium chloride (as a salt bridge) and a platinum (negative pole/cathode) linked to a power supply (−3.5 V, 1 mA/cm2). Biochemical and hematological tests to check blood damage and clotting were performed. The control sample coagulated after 8 min, while the electrified blood did not, even at the end of the cutoff time. Among hematologic and biochemical tests, the average time of prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) was significantly different between the control and test samples (p = 0.001). Our findings on electrified blood with expanding CT, PT, and PTT times revealed that the electric current passing through the blood enhanced the CT. Furthermore, no change in biochemical or hematological factors demonstrated that this current had no detrimental effect on the blood.
Effectiveness of Low-Dose Mepolizumab in the Treatment of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA): A Real-Life Experience
Authors: Özdel Öztürk Betül , Yavuz Zeynep , Aydın Ömür , Mungan Dilşad , Sin Betül Ayşe , Demirel Yavuz Selim , Bavbek Sevim
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Data showing effectiveness of mepolizumab in patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) are limited. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective chart review of patients with EGPA treated with mepolizumab. Clinical, laboratory, functional parameters and asthma, rhinitis control, and quality of life scores (Asthma Control Test [ACT], Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire [AQLQ], Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire [RQLQ], and SinoNasal Outcome Test [SNOT]-22) were evaluated at the baseline, 6th month, and 12th month. Complete response was defined as the absence of asthma and/or ear, nasal symptoms and exacerbations with a prednisone of ≤7.5 mg/day, partial response if it was achieved with a prednisone of >7.5 mg/day. Results: Overall, 25 patients (18 F/7 M) with a median age of 47 years (23–76) were enrolled. Mepolizumab 100 mg/month was administered (dose increased to 300 mg/month in 3 patients). Mepolizumab significantly decreased daily dose of oral corticosteroid (OCS) from 11.04 mg to 3.65 mg together with a significant improvement in ACT, AQLQ, RQLQ, and SNOT-22 scores and a significant reduction in asthma exacerbations and blood eosinophil count at the 6th and 12th month (all p values <0.05). The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s increased (at baseline: 1.88 L to 2.46 L at the 12th month [p = 0.037]). Seventy-six percent of patients responded completely at the 6th month and 81.25% at the 12th month. The complete responders at the 6th and 12th month were older than partial responders and nonresponders (p = 0.030 and p = 0.057, respectively). Patients with complete response at the 6th month were on lower doses of OCS than partial responders and nonresponders (p = 0.029). Conclusions: Low-dose mepolizumab was effective in EGPA patients by improving sinonasal and asthma outcomes, while reducing the need for OCS.
Short-Term Outcome after Repeated Less Invasive Surfactant Administration: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kleijkers Lina M.P. , Van Der Spil Jooske , Janssen Lobke C.E. , Dieleman Jeanne P. , Andriessen Peter , van Kaam Anton H. , Onland Wes , Niemarkt Hendrik J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) to preterm infants is associated with decreased risk for death or BPD. After LISA, a considerable proportion requires a second dose of surfactant because of ongoing respiratory distress syndrome, raising a clinical dilemma between intubation or performing a repeated LISA (re-LISA) procedure. We aim to assess efficacy of re-LISA in avoiding subsequent nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure (need for intubation in the first 72 h of life; CPAP-F), to identify factors associated with subsequent CPAP-F, and to compare short-term outcomes following re-LISA to surfactant retreatment by endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Methods: This was an observational retrospective study in two Dutch NICUs. Inclusion criterion was infants with gestational age <32 0/7 weeks requiring a second surfactant dose. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Of 209 infants requiring second surfactant dose, 132 received re-LISA. Subsequent CPAP-F was observed in 56 (42%) infants and was associated with extreme prematurity (OR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2–5.8) and FiO2>0.5 (OR 5.4, 95% CI: 2.0–14.7). Infants receiving re-LISA had a lower risk of death or BPD compared to infants intubated for the second surfactant dose (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.9). Infants with CPAP-F after re-LISA had similar outcomes compared to those intubated for second surfactant dose. Conclusion: Re-LISA is effective in reducing CPAP-F and is associated with lower risk of death or BPD compared to retreatment via an endotracheal tube. Infants failing CPAP after re-LISA have similar outcomes compared to intubated infants. These findings support the use of re-LISA in preterm infants with ongoing RDS.
Gestational Age-Adjusted Reference Ranges for Fetal Left Ventricle Longitudinal Strain by Automated Cardiac Motion Quantification between 24 and 37 Weeks’ Gestation
Authors: Domínguez-Gallardo Carla , Ginjaume-García Nuria , Ullmo Johana , Trilla Cristina , Medina Maria Carmen , Vázquez Ana , Cruz-Lemini Mónica , Llurba Elisa
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The objective of this study was to construct gestational age (GA) based reference values for left ventricle (LV) longitudinal strain in normal fetuses, between 24 and 37 weeks’ gestation, assessing its feasibility and reproducibility with automated cardiac motion quantification software (aCMQ-QLab), which is widely used in postnatal echocardiography. Methods: This prospective study included healthy gravid women with singleton pregnancies and no evidence of fetal structural cardiovascular disease. Fetal echocardiographies were performed between 24 and 37 GA. 2D four-chamber view clips were recorded and LV longitudinal strain was analyzed offline. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility between 2 independent observers was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman scatterplots. Regression analysis was used to determine GA adjusted reference ranges and construct nomograms. Results: LV longitudinal strain measurements were feasible in 95.4% of acquisitions. 435 clips were obtained. Intra- and interobserver ICC were 0.998 (95% CI 0.997–0.999) and 0.991 (95% CI 0.984–0.995), respectively. The global longitudinal strain and the middle and apical LV segments showed progressive decline as GA advanced, whereas the basal segments remained stable. Conclusions: Assessment of LV longitudinal strain by aCMQ-QLab is feasible, reproducible, and within normal ranges. Our results offer more information regarding fetal cardiac function assessment with 2D speckle tracking techniques, aiding in the introduction of this software into research practice, encouraging the realization of more studies, and probably helping in its future use in clinical practice, allowing longitudinal surveillance of strain without intervendor variability and aiding in follow-up of fetal cardiac conditions before and after birth, as it is the most commonly used software postnatally.
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Zylla Maura M. , Leiner Johannes , Rahm Ann-Kathrin , Hoffmann Tobias , Lugenbiel Patrick , Schweizer Patrick , Scholz Eberhard , Mereles Derliz , Kronsteiner Dorothea , Kieser Meinhard , Katus Hugo A. , Frey Norbert , Thomas Dierk
Published: September 2022

Background:

Coexistence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is common, affecting morbidity and prognosis. This study evaluates outcome after cryoballoon ablation for AF in HFpEF compared with patients without heart failure.

Methods:

A total of 102 AF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% undergoing cryoballoon ablation were prospectively enrolled. Baseline evaluation included echocardiography, stress echocardiography, 6-minute walk test, biomarkers, and quality of life assessment (Short-Form-36). Procedural parameters and clinical, functional and echocardiographic end points at follow-up ≥12 months after AF ablation were compared between patients with and without HFpEF.

Results:

Patients with HFpEF (n=24) were older (median, 74 years versus 65 years;
P
=0.001) more often female (83% versus 28%;
P
<0.001) and characterized by more pronounced AF-related symptoms (median European Heart Rhythm Association score 3 versus 2;
P
<0.001), higher left atrial pressures (median, 14 mm Hg versus 10 mm Hg;
P
=0.008), reduced left atrial-appendage velocity (median, 36 cm/s versus 59 cm/s;
P
<0.001), and reduced distance in the 6-minute walk test (median, 488 m versus 539 m;
P
<0.001). Patients with HFpEF more often experienced AF recurrence (57% versus 23%;
P
=0.003), repeat AF ablation (39% versus 14%;
P
=0.01) and AF-related rehospitalization (26% versus 7%;
P
=0.016). Heart failure symptoms and elevated cardiac biomarkers persisted, even in patients with HFpEF with successful rhythm control at follow-up. Echocardiographic follow-up showed progression of adverse left atrial remodeling and no relevant improvement in diastolic function in HFpEF. Quality of life improved in patients without HFpEF, whereas patients with HFpEF still exhibited a lower physical component summary score (median, 41.5 versus 53.4;
P
<0.004).

Conclusions:

Patients with HFpEF constitute a distinct subgroup with elevated risk for AF recurrence after cryoballon ablation. Functional hallmarks of HFpEF persist, irrespective of rhythm status at follow-up. Future research is needed to optimize treatment strategies in patients with HFpEF.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04317911.
Demographic and Regional Trends of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Related Mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2019
Authors: Minhas Abdul Mannan Khan , Wyand Rachel A. , Ariss Robert W. , Nazir Salik , Shahzeb Khan Muhammad , Jia Xiaoming , Greene Stephen J. , Fudim Marat , Wang Andrew , Warraich Haider J. , Kalra Ankur , Alam Mahboob , Virani Salim S.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)-related mortality has been decreasing within the United States; however, persistent disparities in demographic subsets may exist. In this study, we assessed nationwide trends in mortality related to HCM among people ≥15 years of age in the United States from 1999 to 2019.

Methods:

Trends in mortality related to HCM were assessed through a cross-sectional analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research database. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 1 000 000 people and associated annual percent changes with 95% CIs were determined. Joinpoint regression was used to assess the trends in the overall, demographic (sex, race and ethnicity, age), and regional groups.

Results:

Between 1999 and 2019, 39 200 HCM-related deaths occurred. In the overall population, age-adjusted mortality rate decreased from 11.2 in 1999 to 5.4 in 2019. Higher mortality rates were observed for males, Black patients, and patients ≥75 years of age. Large metropolitan counties experienced pronounced declines in age-adjusted mortality rate over the study period. In addition, California had the highest overall age-adjusted mortality rate.

Conclusions:

Over the past 2 decades, HCM-related mortality has decreased overall in the United States. However, demographic and geographic disparities in HCM-related mortality have persisted over time and require further investigation.
Two Concepts of Cause in Antiphon’s Second Tetralogy
Authors: Kamtekar Rachana , Nichols Shaun
Published: September 2022

Using a framework from recent metaphysics and philosophy of science, according to which we have two concepts of cause, producer and necessary condition, we investigate causal notions in Antiphon’s Second Tetralogy, which concerns the unintentional homicide of a boy by a javelin-throwing youth. The prosecution maintains that the youth, having produced the boy’s death, is legally responsible; the defense argues, first, that the youth is patient, not agent, of a missing-the-target, and second, that the boy’s death depends on his running into the javelin’s path, so that identifying the cause requires evaluating the contrasts implicit in any causal claim.
Dog Dreams: Oneiric Representations of Interspecies Sociality among Middle-Class Young Adults in the United States
Authors: Sheriff Robin E.
Published: September 2022

The investigation of human dreaming offers significant insights to scholars of human-nonhuman animal studies. This article proposes that the ways in which companion species appear in humans’ dreams reveal the implicit ontological assumptions that undergird waking-life interspecies relationships. Focusing on dreams about dogs among middle-class U.S. college students, the analysis develops an updated model of dreaming that is synthesized from recent neuroscientific and anthropological theory-building. Themes of warm companionship, anxiety about dogs’ welfare, and preoccupations about their mortality suggest that dreams about dogs simulate and rehearse interspecies sociality in a cultural frame. They demonstrate both interspecies intersubjectivity and the significant place of canine persons in U.S. middle-class dreamers’ conceptualizations of their social networks. Such dreams challenge the public ideology of human exceptionalism, and suggest that human-canine sociality – in both waking and oneiric modes – may emerge as much from “egomorphic” as from anthropomorphic dispositions.
Entre l’âme et la Création. La dialectique et l’arithmétique de Simon Stevin
Authors: Coquard Jean-Marie
Published: September 2022

Les arts libéraux tiennent un rôle particulier dans la pensée de Simon Stevin (1548-1620). Grâce à eux, ce savant peut dévoiler dans son épistémologie d’une part ce que sont les dispositions innées de l’esprit (distinguer le vrai du faux, parler, compter) et d’autre part les fondements des objets de la Nature (le nom, le nombre, la mesure et le poids). Un art de penser associe alors l’âme et la Création et permet de codifier les différents arts et l’action vertueuse. Dans cet article, nous voulons montrer le rôle que jouent la dialectique et l’arithmétique dans l’art de penser de ce mathématicien et ingénieur flamand. Nous expliciterons alors les liens entre ces deux disciplines et la mise en place grâce à eux d’outils communs comme la proportion et la méthode dans la réalisation d’un projet encyclopédique.
Cestrum lozadai (Solanaceae), a new species from the state of Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: CRUZ DURÁN RAMIRO , VALENCIA-A. SUSANA
Published: September 2022

A new species from the cloud forest in the state of Guerrero, Mexico, is described and illustrated: Cestrum lozadai. This new entity is similar to C. laxum; however, it is distinguished from the latter by presenting narrower leaf blades, with up to 15 pairs of secondary veins, flowers with longer pedicels, up to 16 mm and articulated, the corolla tube longer, up to 21 mm and internally with retrorse trichomes in the portion attached to the filaments, with the fused part of the filaments up to 15 mm, and with a known distribution only in the state of Guerrero, Mexico.
Bribe Payments and State Ownership: The Impact of State Ownership on Bribery Propensity and Intensity
Authors: Yi Jingtao , Chen Liang , Meng Shuang , Li Sali , Shaheer Noman
Published: September 2022

This study examines the degree of state ownership on corporate bribery. Integrating the theories of state ownership and corporate corruption, we propose that state ownership influences bribery propensity and bribery intensity in different ways; it lowers a firm’s tendency to pay bribes but increases the relative amount of bribery payment. Building on the control rights/bargaining hypotheses, we demonstrate that state ownership shields firms from bribery demands by reducing administrative hurdles that include bureaucratic requirements of obtaining licenses or settling taxes in business operations. However, state ownership elevates the level of bribes by weakening their capital mobility. Using a sample of 23,018 firms from 54 countries covering 2006 to 2013, we find evidence to support our hypotheses. This article contributes to corruption research by drawing attention to an important channel of corruption and by highlighting the importance of considering not only the propensity but also the intensity of bribe payments.
Book review: Harsh V. Pant, ed., China Ascendant: Its Rise and Implications
Authors: Singh Sachin
Published: September 2022

Harsh V. Pant, ed., China Ascendant: Its Rise and Implications (New Delhi: Harper Collins, 2019), pp. 358, ₹699 (HB). ISBN 978-9-353-57063-7
A Case Study: A Novice Teacher’s Mentoring Experiences the First Year and Beyond
Authors: Smith Washington Vannessa
Published: September 2022

Serving over 1.1 million students in more than 1,800 public schools, the New York City Department of Education is the largest school district in the nation. When individuals graduate from college with a bachelor’s degree in teacher education the New York City Department of Education assign a school-based mentor for one year. The case study examined how a novice special education teacher described his reflective experiences and progress, or lack thereof. The central research question was, “What were the differences, challenges, and successes between novice teachers’ first-year experiences and their third-year mentoring experiences?” Data collection included an individual interview. Data analysis was analyzing themes by manual coding. The findings were a lack of resources and exemplary administrative support. Still, often too late, lack of available materials, qualified mentor-teacher role, impractical standard planning time, meaningful observations, and good work ethics are qualities of mentors and initial dissatisfaction without a mentor. These results can inform school districts what happens when mentors are not assigned and develop improved mentoring programs for new special education teachers. A limitation of this study was one novice teacher was interviewed, and the findings were not generalized to other novice special education teachers. However, the implication was that new teachers, especially special education teachers, need mentors in the first year of teaching and beyond. Social change may include improved mentoring programs for school districts to ensure that novice special education teachers remain in the teaching profession.
Textile reinforcement structures for concrete construction applications––a review
Authors: Friese Danny , Scheurer Martin , Hahn Lars , Gries Thomas , Cherif Chokri
Published: September 2022

The use of non-metallic, textile reinforcement structures in place of steel reinforcement is a key component in making concrete constructions more sustainable and durable than they currently are. The reason for this is the corrosion resistance of textile reinforcements, which makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the concrete cover and at the same time extend the service life of concrete structures. This reduces the amount of cement required and thus also the emission of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2). By means of textile manufacturing technologies, customized, load-adapted reinforcement topologies can be adjusted to the requirements of highly stressed and well-designed concrete components. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of recent research literature dedicated to textile reinforcement structures that are already used for concrete applications in the construction industry as well as those currently under development. Therefore, textile reinforcement structures, which are divided into one-, two- and three-dimensional topologies, as well as common materials used for textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) are reviewed. Most research has so far been devoted to two-dimensional textile reinforcement structures. Furthermore, novel approaches to the fabrication of textile reinforcement structures for concrete applications based on robotic yarn deposition technologies are addressed.
A systematic review of the impact of corruption in Latin America during the spread of the first wave of COVID-19
Authors: Moya-Espinoza Jeel Grover , Moya-Salazar Jeel , Chicoma-Flores Karina
Published: September 2022

As the Covid-19 pandemic crisis raged in Latin America, numerous acts of corruption affected containment strategies and weakened institutional systems. A systematic review was conducted during the first wave of contagion in 2020 to analyse the relationship between corruption and Covid-19 in Latin American countries, highlighting its components and the institutions involved. Following the PRISMA guidelines, scientific databases and prepublications were searched using the terms (((SARS-CoV-2) OR (Covid-19)) AND ((Corruption [Mesh]) AND (Latin America))). Seventy-two studies were included in the initial search, 36 in MEDLINE/PubMed, 20 in Scielo, and 11 prepublications. Of the 25 eligible studies, none met the required standard for inclusion. Although corruption is endemic in Latin America, its levels and impact during the first wave of Covid-19 contagion have not been quantified.
Attribution Theory Revisited: Probing the Link Among Locus of Causality Theory, Destination Social Responsibility, Tourism Experience Types, and Tourist Behavior
Authors: Saleh Mahmoud Ibraheam
Published: September 2022

From a parochial perspective, destination social responsibility (DSR) is crucial in maintaining tourists’ loyalty, trust, and satisfaction. From a broad sense, destination social responsibility could play an essential role as an attribution shifting mechanism inside tourists’ mindsets and differ according to tourism experiences’ nature. To investigate this broad sense, the present study is the first to use locus of causality theory (LOC) to address this issue. By employing a quantitative method, we found that with the presence of DSR, tourists who externally (vs. internally) attribute positive events’ outcomes and have no intention to spread positive word-of-mouth (WOM) changed their attribution toward events with positive WOM. Moreover, adventure, business, and sustainable tourists are likely to perceive DSR advantages compared with leisure and cultural tourists by considering their internal LOC (internal attribution) and external LOC (external attribution). Furthermore, the study provided critical theoretical and managerial implications for tourism managers/scholars.
Fostering Internal Pay Equity Through Gender Neutral Job Evaluations: A Case Study of the Federal Job Evaluation System
Authors: Chordiya Rashmi , Hubbell Larry
Published: September 2022

The principle of pay equity implies that work determined to be equally demanding in terms of skills or qualifications, responsibilities, efforts, and working conditions should be valued and paid equally. However, prevailing gender-based stereotypes and prejudices about female-dominated jobs get in the way of achieving pay equity. Gender biases in compensable job (sub) factors could result in undervaluation and/or omission of relevant job (sub) factors associated with female-dominated jobs, and/or unbalanced/biased interpretation of job (sub) factors by associating them mostly with male-dominated jobs. Using a case study of the Federal job evaluation system for white-collar, non-supervisory Federal jobs the present article argues for a proactive and an intentional inclusion of gender-neutral (sub) factors in job evaluation systems in service of fostering internal pay equity within organizations.
Teaching nonprofit management: One course assignment addressing multiple learning outcomes
Authors: Ahmed Shamima
Published: September 2022

Research has documented that applied projects that are experiential and grounded in the course contents offer effective hands-on experience to students to understand the course materials and apply their learnings in a meaningful way. Experiential learning is particularly relevant to Master of Public Administration Programs (MPA) , which are usually applied and many of these programs' mission is to serve in-career students. This paper discusses the effective use of a major assignment (creating a nonprofit organization, on paper) for a MPA course in Managing Nonprofit Organizations. It also requires students to critically think about applying the six practices of high- impact nonprofits discussed in Forces for Good. The paper will explain the assignment and discuss how this assignment addresses multiple learning outcomes of this course. It will also provide students’ feedback on the assignment and some long-term outcomes of students’ experiences with this course and the assignment.
A silent laryngeal trauma case: an unexpected late fracture of the superior portion of the thyroid cartilage superior horn
Authors: Ciofalo Andrea , Fatuzzo Irene , Lo Re Federica , Gilardi Antonio , Messineo Daniela , Greco Antonio , de Vincentiis Marco
Published: September 2022

Attempts to analyze clinical unexpected cases of laryngeal fractures based on mild symptoms and physical findings. Even though a laryngeal fracture is rare in a living patient and when happens it is related to severe airways emergency, this case reported seems important to offer a possible differential diagnosis in patients who present with the same symptoms, if no other causes have been detected, like another one benign laryngeal disease.
A Renewed Call for Disaggregation of Racial and Ethnic Data: Advancing Scientific Rigor and Equity in Gifted and Talented Education Research
Authors: Yeung Glorry , Mun Rachel U.
Published: September 2022

Researchers in gifted and talented education (GATE) have increasingly taken on the role of advocating equity and access for minoritized populations. However, subgroups of racially and ethnically diverse students are rarely disaggregated from monolithic racial and ethnic categories. Studies on academic achievement of Asian American and White students, based on aggregated data, risk straying from scientific rigor and may lead to conclusions that further contribute to the masking of inequities and disparities of nested subgroups. The roots of this phenomenon can be traced to the practice of racial/ethnic data aggregation from the national level on down. We contend that fair and equitable access should be afforded to all students and call for the normalization of racial/ethnic data disaggregation in GATE research to increase scientific rigor in our scholarship and unmask intra-ethnic inequities.