bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSEPSI AKADEMISI DAN PRAKTISI TERHADAP OPINI HASIL PEMERIKSAAN AUDIT LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA LEMBAGA PEMERINTAHAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Aulia Bunga , Safitri Rika Henda , Tjandrakirana Rina
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan persepsi akademisi dan praktisi yang diukur dengan beberapa indikator, yakni: (1) Pemahaman kualitas laporan keuangan pemerintahan, (2) Tanggung jawab profesi, (3) Integritas, dan (4) Objektivitas. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teori Atribusi (Attribution Theory),Teori Persepsi (Perception Theory), dan Teori Brunswik’s Lens Model. Populasi  dalam penelitian  ini adalah akademisi dengan status sebagai dosen di kota Palembang, dan praktisi yakni Akuntan, Auditor, Konsultan, PNS, dan lain-lain.  Sampel  yang  digunakan pada  penelitian  ini  sebanyak  110 responden dengan metode cluster sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif.Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh secara primer melalui kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan merupakan analisis uji T-Test atau uji beda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Tidak terdapat perbedaan Pemahaman kualitas laporan keuangan pemerintahan antara akademisi dan praktisi. (2) Terdapat perbedaan Pemahaman tanggung jawab profesi antara akademisi dan praktisi. (3) Tidak terdapat perbedaan Pemahaman integritas auditor antara akademisi dan praktisi. (4) Tidak terdapat perbedaan Pemahaman objektivitas auditor antara akademisi dan praktisi.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL, DEWAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN
Authors: Amaliyah Fitri , Herwiyanti Eliada
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine whether there are effects of institusional ownership, independent commissioner and the audit board to the value of the company. This type of research is correlational research, with quantitative research. This study uses secondary data taken from the IDX website data. The sample used in this study proved 60 companies consisting of the mining sector during the 2-year observation period. The sampling technique was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis with an analysis tool using SPSS 22. The results of this study indicate audit committees variables have a significant effect on firm value. While the institusional ownership and independent commissioner variables are not significant to the value of the company.
DETERMINAN AKUNTABILITAS KEUANGAN DANA DESA PASCA PENERAPAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014
Authors: JAYA I Made Laut Mertha
Published: January 2020

Village existence is very important for national development. Thus, uneven development between the Village and the City can cause many villagers who try their fortune in the city, leave the village and do not want to return to the Village. This research was conducted to determine the effect of human resource competence on financial accountability of village funds and the influence of the role of village heads on village financial accountability. The population in this study are all villages in the Sleman Regency. This research uses incidental sampling. The sample size uses the Slovin formula, with a minimum number of respondents of 71 villages. The analysis method uses structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis test. The conclusion of this study, namely that there is a significant influence between HR competencies on village financial accountability, meaning that if HR competencies are higher, the financial accountability of village funds is more accountable. There is a significant influence between HR competencies on the financial accountability of village funds, meaning that if HR competencies are higher, the financial accountability of village funds will be more accountable. There is a significant influence between the role of the village head on the financial accountability of village funds, meaning that if the role of the village head is higher, then the financial accountability of village funds is more accountable.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK PADA MATERI ALAT-ALAT OPTIK
Authors: Septi Septi , Sakti Indra , Putri Desy Hanisa
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul fisika dengan pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan yang dilakukan melalui lima tahapan yaitu potensi dan masalah, studi literatur dan pengumpulan informasi, desain produk, validasi desain, dan desain teruji. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar observasi, lembar angket guru, lembar angket uji validasi tim ahli dan praktisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul fisika dengan pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid dan merupakan desain teruji karena mendapatkan  persentase total uji validitas sebesar 82,35%. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan, dengan penambahan petunjuk penggunaan modul, tujuan pembelajaran, kunci jawaban, materi, gambar, dan  produk yang dihasilkan pada setiap modul alat-alat optik maka telah dihasilkan modul fisika dengan pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada materi alat-alat optik di SMA. Kata Kunci: Modul Fisika, Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek, Alat-Alat Optik, Penelitian Pengembangan. ABSTRACTThis research aimed to develop physics modules with project-based learning. This research was a developmental research conducted through five stages namely potential and problems, literature study and information gathering, product design, design validation, and tested design. The instruments used in this study were the observation sheet, teacher questionnaire sheet, questionnaire test validation team of experts and practitioners. The results showed that the physics modules developed with project-based learning were included in the very valid category and were tested designs because it obtained a total percentage of validity tests of 82.35%. Based on the results and discussion, with the addition of instructions for the use of modules, learning objectives, answer keys, material, images, and products produced on each module of optical devices, physics modules have been produced with project-based learning on material optical devices in high school.Keywords: Physics Module, Project Based Learning, Optical Devices, Developmental Research.
PENERAPAN MODEL LEARNING CYCLE 5E DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIKAP ILMIAH DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP USAHA DAN ENERGI
Authors: Daulay Sari , Hamdani Dedy , Putri Desy Hanisa
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap ilmiah dan hasil belajar siswa pada konsep usaha dan energi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E dengan pendekatan saintifik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIA.4 SMA Negeri 08 Kota Bengkulu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru dan siswa, lembar angket untuk mendeskripsikan sikap ilmiah siswa, lembar tes untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar usaha dan energi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata sikap ilmiah pada siklus I sebesar 64,54 (kriteria baik), pada siklus II sebesar 66,23 (kriteria sangat baik), dan pada siklus III sebesar 67,37 (kriteria sangat baik).Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar konsep usaha dan energi pada siklus I sebesar 77,71 dengan ketuntasan belajar 88,57%, pada siklus II sebesar 83 dengan ketuntasan belajar 94,28%, dan pada siklus III 90,28 dengan ketuntasan belajar 100%. Disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan penerapan model Learning Cycle 5E dengan pendekatan saintifik dapat meningkatkan sikap ilmiah dan hasil belajar pada konsep usaha dan energi.Kata kunci: Sikap Ilmiah, Hasil Belajar usaha dan energi, Model Learning Cycle 5E, Pendekatan Saintifik ABSTRACT This research was aimed to improve scientific attitudes and student’s learning outcomes on work and energy concept with the implementation of Learning Cycle 5E with a scientific approach. The subjects of the research were students of XI MIA.4 SMA Negeri 08 Bengkulu city. The instruments used were the observation sheet to describe the activities of teacher and students, questionnaire to describe students' scientific attitudes, and test sheet to describe learning outcomes of work and energy. The results showed that the average score of scientific attitudes in cycle I was 64,54 (good criteria), in cycle II was 66,23 (very good criteria), and at cycle III was 67,37 (very good criteria).The average value of the learning outcomes of work and energy concepts in the first cycle of 77.71 with learning mastery 88.57%, on the second cycle of 83 with 96.28% learning mastery, and on the third cycle 90.28 with 100% complete learning mastery. It was concluded that learning with the application of 5E learning cycle model with scientific approach can improve the scientific attitudes and learning outcomes on work and energy concepts. Keywords: Scientific Attitudes, Learning Outcomes, Work And Energy Concepts, Learning Cycle 5E Model, Scientific Approach.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR ELEKTRONIK MENGGUNAKAN FLIP PDF PROFESSIONAL PADA MATERI ALAT-ALAT OPTIK DI SMA
Authors: Sriwahyuni Indah , Risdianto Eko , Johan Henny
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil uji validasi bahan ajar elektronik yang dibuat menggunakan  Flip PDF Professional pada materi Alat-Alat Optik. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) Model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu model 3 D dengan langkah- langkah  Define, Design, dan Develop. Validasi dilakukan oleh 2  judgement ahli dan 2 praktisi untuk menilai produk yang dikembangkan dari aspek penyajian, isi, dan bahasa. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas aspek penyajian didapatkan hasil persentase sebesar 78,12% dengan kategori sangat baik, aspek isi sebesar 81,88% dengan kategori sangat baik,  aspek bahasa sebesar 82,81%  dan aspek media sebesar 75 % dengan kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar elektronik menggunakan Flip PDF Professional yang dihasilkan sudah valid dengan persentase total sebesar 79,45% yang termasuk dalam  kategori sangat baik.Kata Kunci : Pengembangan dan penelitian, Bahan Ajar Elektronik, Flip PDF Professional ABSTRACT This research was aimed to describe validity tests of electronic teaching materials using Flip PDF Pro on Optical Instruments topic. This research used research and development model, namely 3D Development .The steps of 3D development were Define, Design, and Develop. Validation was carried out by 2 expert judgments and 2 practitioners to assess products developed from aspects of presentation, content, and language. Based on the results of the validity of the presentation aspects, the percentage results were 78.12% with very good categories, content aspects 81.85% with very good categories, language aspects at 82.75% and media aspects at 75% with very good categories. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the electronic teaching materials using Flip PDF Professional developed were valid and tested product with total validity test 79.4%, which is included in the excellent category.Keywords :Research and Development, Electronic Teaching Materials, Flip PDF Professional
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTUAN VIRTUAL LABORATORY
Authors: Adyan Faiz Brikinzky , Purwanto Andik , Nirwana Nirwana
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIPA A SMAN 2 Kota Bengkulu yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa sebelum mengikuti proses pembelajaran berada pada kategori rendah dengan skor 44,18, dan pada saat setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran skor rata-rata motivasi belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 62,06 yang berada pada kategori tinggi. Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 73,59, kemudian pada siklus II sebesar 75,93 dan pada siklus III sebesar 80,15. Hasil belajar siswa dalam aspek pengetahuan pada siklus I diperoleh daya serap siswa sebesar 73,59% dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 68,75% (belum tuntas), meningkat pada siklus II diperoleh daya serap siswa sebesar 75,93% dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 84,37%(tuntas), meningkat dibandingkan dibandingkan siklus I dan II yaitu siklus III diperoleh daya serap sebesar 80,15% dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 100% (tuntas). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Discovery Learning berbantuan Virtual Laboratory dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa, motivasi belajar siswa dan hasil belajar siswa. Kata kunci : Model Discovery Learning, Virtual Laboratory, Motivasi Belajar  dan Hasil Belajar ABSTRACT This research was aimed to describe the increased motivation to learn and student learning outcomes. This research was a classroom action research. The subject of research was the whole student of XI MIPA A SMAN 2 city of Bengkulu that amounted 32 student. The result of this research showed that the learning motivation of student before following process of learning was low category with score 44,18, while having to follow the learning process an average score of learning motivation was student increased 62,06 in high category. The result of learning student in cycle I 73,59, then in cycle II 75,93 and cycle III 80,15. The result of student learning in knowledge cycle I obtained absorbance student 73,59% and complete learning 68,75% (not complete), increased in cycle II obtained absorbance student 75,93% and complete learning 84,37% (complete), increased compared to comparable cycle I and II cycle III obtained absorbance student 80,15% and complete learning 100% (complete). Based in result of studied it was concluded that the application of Discovery Learning model assisted Virtual Laboratory can improve student learning activities, learning motivation of student and learning outcomes Keywords : Model Discovery Learning, Virtual Laboratory, Learning Motivation and Learning Outcomes
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI KELAS X
Authors: Paradina Desi , Connie Connie , Medriati Rosane
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  menjelaskan pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis Problem Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen (quasi experiment design). Pengambilan sampel berdasarkan teknik sampling purposive yang diperoleh siswa kelas X MIPA 1 ( N = 30) sebagai kelas eksperimen yang menerapkan pembelajaran dengan model Problem Based Learning dan siswa kelas X MIPA 3 (N = 30) sebagai kelas kontrol yang menerapkan pembelajaran konvesional. Teknik pengumpulan data men ggunakan tes untuk hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Uji-t dua sampel independen melalui nilai rata-rata posttest hasil belajar yaitu thitung > ttabel (1,96 > 1,71). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran menggunakan model Problem Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar. Kata kunci: Model Problem Based Learning, Hasil Belajar ABSTRACT This research aimed to explain the effect of applying based learning models Problem Based Learning to student learning outcomes. The type of research was experimental research (quasi experiment design). The sampling was based on purposive sampling technique obtained by students of class X MIPA 1 (N = 30) as an experimental class that applied learning with the model Problem Based Learning and students of class X MIPA 3 (N = 30) as a control class that applied conventional learning. Data collection techniques used tests for learning outcomes. Based on the results of the t-test analysis of two independent samples through the average value of posttest learning outcomes, namely tcount > ttable (1.96> 1.71), it was concluded that there was an effect of learning using the model Problem Based Learning of learning outcomes. Keywords: Problem Based Learning Model, Learning Outcomes
ANALISIS RPP DAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERDASARKAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Auliya Nurul , Swistoro Eko , Putri Desy Hanisa
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran, dan evaluasi proses pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif Sederhana. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik dan guru mata pelajaran fisika di kelas X SMAN 3 Kota Bengkulu. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian terhadap RPP, proses pembelajaran dan evaluasi pembelajaran dalam kategori “sangat baik” dengan skor rata- rata 3,8. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa analisis RRP dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran serta evaluasi proses pembelajaran di SMAN 3 Kota Bengkulu telah berdasarkan standar kurikulum 2013. Kata kunci: RPP (Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran), Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Fisika, Evaluasi Pembelajaran ABSTRACT This research was aimed to describe the learning implementation lesson plan, process, and evaluation. The research method was the simple descriptive method. The subjects of the research were students and physics education teacher of class X SMAN 3 Bengkulu City. Furthermore, the data collection techniques were interview, questionnaire and documentation. The results showed that the evaluation of the lesson plan, process and its evaluation were “excellent” with 3.8 score obtained. Therefore, it could be concluded that lesson plan, process, and evaluation in SMAN 3 Bengkulu City was in line with the standards of curriculum 2013. Keywords: RPP (Learning Implementation Plan), Process of Physics Learning, Learning Evaluation
PEMBELAJARAN REMEDIAL TERPADU DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GENERATIF UNTUK MENGUBAH MISKONSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP KONSEP USAHA DAN ENERGI
Authors: Rosuli Nur , Koto Irwan , Rohadi Nyoman
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh pembelajaran remedial terpadu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran generatif terhadap perubahan konsepsi siswa pada materi usaha dan energi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre-experimental dengan desain one group pretest-posttest. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara statistik pembelajaran remedial terpadu dengan model pembelajaran generatif terhadap perubahan konsepsi usaha dan energi siswa dengan t hitung > t tabel (16,33 ). Perubahan miskonsespsi yang dialami siswa sebelum dan  setelah pembelajaran remedial terpadu dengan model pembelajaran generatif mengalami perubahan pada konsep a) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi besar usaha pada saat benda bergerak ; dan b) usaha. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran remedial terpadu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran generatif terhadap perubahan konsepsi siwa pada materi usaha dan energi. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Remedial Terpadu, Model Pembelajaran Generatif, MiskonsepsiABSTRACTThis research was aimed to determine the effect of integrated remedial learning with applying generative learning models to change student’s conception. The research was pre-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The result showed that there was a significant effect on remedial learning related to applying generative models to change in students’ conceptions with t hitung > t tabel (16,33 ). The misconceptions experienced by students before and after the implementation of this research were: a) factors that influence how large the work when the object is moving; and b) work. Based on research results, it could be concluded that there is the effect of integrated remedial learning with applying generative learning models on student perception changes. Keywords: Integrated Remedial Learning, Generative Learning Models, Misconceptions
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GENERIK FISIKA DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DALAM PEMBELAJARAN GUIDED DISCOVERY MELALUI EKSPERIMEN PADA ALAT-ALAT OPTIK
Authors: Nainggolan Partogi , Rohadi Nyoman , Risdianto Eko
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan generik fisika dan pemahaman konsep pada konsep alat-alat optik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI MIA 2 beranggotakan 32 orang yang terdiri dari 14 peserta didik laki-laki dan 18 peserta didik perempuan. Kemampuan generik fisika peserta didik pada siklus I diperoleh daya serap sebesar 73,13 % dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 53,13 % (belun tuntas), siklus II diperoleh sebesar daya serap sebesar 74,22 % dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 75 % (belum tuntas), dan siklus III dengan daya serap sebesar 80 % dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 100 %. Pemahaman konsep peserta didik pada siklus I diperoleh daya serap sebesar 73,13 % dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 62,50 % (belum tuntas), siklus II diperoleh daya serap sebesar 79,06 % dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 87,50 % (tuntas), dan siklus III dengan daya serap sebesar 87,34 % dan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 100 %. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran Guided Discovery dengan metode eksperimen dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan kemampuan generik fisika  dalam pembelajaran Guided Discovery melalui eksperimen di kelas XI MIA 2 SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu. Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Guided Discovery, Metode Eksperimen, Kemampuan Generik Fisika, Pemahaman Konsep ABSTRACT This research was aimed to describe the generic physics capability improvement and understanding of learners' concepts on the concept of optical devices. This research was a classroom action research conducted in three cycles. Subjects in this study were all students of class XI MIA 2 that consists of 32 people consisting of 14 male students and 18 female students. Generic physics ability of learners in the first cycle obtained the matter absorption of 73.13% and mastery learning of 53.13% (not completed), cycle II obtained for matter absorption of 74.22% and mastery learning by 75% (not completed) , and cycle III with the matter absorption of 80% and 100% (completed). Understanding the concept of learners in the first cycle obtained the matter absorption of 73.13% and mastery learning by 62.50% (not completed), the cycle II obtained matter absorption of 79.06% and mastery learning by 87.50% (completed), and cycle III with the matter absorption of 87.34% and mastery learning by 100% (completed). Based on the result of the research, it could be concluded that the application of guided discovery learning with experimental method can improve concept comprehension and generic physics ability in guided discovery learning through experiment in class XI MIA 2 SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu. Keywords: Guided Discovery Learning Model, Experiment Method, Generic Physics Ability, Concept Understanding
Writing Literacy As An Effort To Build Positive Character Of Elementary School Students
Authors: Chandra Chandra , Arief Darnis , Kharisma Annisa , Habibi M , Suriani Ari
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the study was to analyze the profile of the development of literacy teaching materials in writing prose and produce prototypes of teaching materials for students' prose writing which included the development of positive characters written by elementary school children. Writing habits with the planting of characters familiarize students to be positive following what is usually done. This is based on the character of students currently still concerning. The model of developing prose literacy for elementary students used is the Plomp model with steps: preliminary research, prototyping phase, and assessment phase. The research findings indicate that the characteristic profile of students tends to be difficult in writing prose essays. The profile of needs analysis shows that elementary students are very fond of fantasy fairy tales, fables, parables, myths, realistic tales, and sage. The prototype of literacy teaching materials writes valid prose according to the needs of students.
ANTIFUNGAL, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT COMPONENTS OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF QUINOA STEM
Authors: Haider Khan Iqra , Javaid Arshad
Published: January 2020

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L.) is a recently introduced pseudocereal crop in Pakistan. In the present study, methanolic extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and finally with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to GC-MS analysis for the identification of various antimicrobial and antioxidant constituents. Thirteen compounds were identified through GC-MS analysis of this fraction. Among these, 11 compounds possessed antibacterial, antifungal and/or antioxidant properties as reported in literature. These include naphthalene; tetradecane; hexadecane; pentadecane; cyclohexadecane; 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester; dibutyl phthalate; 1-nonadecene; 1-octadecanol; 9-hexacosene; and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester.
IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF RESISTANCE AND BIOCHEMICAL MANAGEMENT OF LATE BLIGHT OF POTATO (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS)
Authors: Naqvi Syed Atif Hasan , Sajid Abdul Rehman , Rehman Ateeq Ur , Umar Ummad ud Din , Sherwani Hameed Ullah Khan , Bhatti Muhammad Rafique
Published: January 2020

A bulk of potato varieties were screened against historical Phytophthora infestans causing the late blight of potato. Almost the potato germplasm showed a varying response against the devastating pathogen at Okara and Sahiwal. Field trails were consisted of screening of germplasm, area under disease progress curve and chemical management of the disease by using the various fungicides. Randomized complete block design was used for the research at both locations. Out of 68 genotypes/ varieties 16 were susceptible, 20 moderately resistant, five highly susceptible and 27 as moderately susceptible. Maximum disease incidence was recorded on Desiree and Cardinal (90%) followed by Santee (83.33%). The maximum mean disease severity 9.48 was noted on Cardinal, followed by Desiree 9.11 and Karoda 9.0 with the area under disease progress curve 28.55, 27.33 and 26.00 respectively. The results showed that 5gm/ L was the best dose against the suppression and control of the potato late blight under the field conditions. Azoxystrobin which is a new chemistry fungicide found to be the best chemical treatment against the late blight of potato followed by the copper oxychloride-based fungicides Cobox which also showed best response. Aliette, Antracol, Tebuconazole and Mancozed were also played a role to minimize the disease yet their higher concentration was even not so effective to combat the disease. Mancozeb was not found to be effective to control the disease as compared to the other three fungicides. The abrupt climate change is also facilitating the occurring of disease in all areas of the world.
PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH RIPENING FRUIT OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) DURING RAINY SEASON IN THE UNIVERSITY AREA OF KHAIRPUR, SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors: Hussain Mirza , Ismaili Noor Jehan
Published: January 2020

In Khairpur, dates crop is damaged during rainy months of June, July and August as the rainy season provides favorable conditions for most of the microorganisms. Amongst different microorganisms, fungi are known as the severest pathogens. In the present study, phytopathogenic fungi associated with ripening fruits of different varieties of dates (Aseel, Khar and Kupro) were isolated and characterized. Three fungi viz. Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium expansum and Alternaria tenuis were isolated from the ripening fruits of date varieties. The fungus P. expansum was isolated from Kupro, A. tenuis from Aseel and A. flavus from Kupro.
TRADITION AND INNOVATION IN THE ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC IMAGE OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN THE SOUTHERN RUSSIAN REGION
Authors: Ivanenko O , Belova A.
Published: January 2020

The article has an analytical character and devoted to consideration of topical issues of modern Orthodox church construction of South Russian region on the example of the Cathedral of the Holy equal to the Apostles great Prince Vladimir in Sochi and the Church of the Holy Apostle John the Theologian in Kuschevka, Krasnodar region.

The aim of the research is to identify traditional and innovative elements of the architectural and artistic image of churches. The architectural - artistic and compositional analysis of the architecture of two modern Orthodox churches of the southern region is carried out. The characteristic of the architectural image of the church is given, the ratio of tradition and innovation is revealed. On the presented examples, the method of comparative analysis carries out a detailed analysis of the churches on the compositional, constructive, artistic and stylistic characteristics of architecture.

Conclusions about the creation of architectural images of Orthodox churches in relation to the studied examples, the influence of traditional historical trends on the modern appearance of religious buildings are presented. Each church has a completely individual modern architectural and artistic image, various design solutions and urban and climatic conditions of construction. Completely different building materials and personal preferences of the creators are used. However, they are united by some General principles of the symbolic Church creed.

Assumptions are made about possible ways of further evolution of the work of the architect of Orthodox church architecture in modern conditions.
Production of molded refractory products based on zeolite-containing rocks and high-modulus polysilicates
Authors: Fetyuhina E. , Sharova N. , Paraguzov P.
Published: January 2020

The development of a new method for producing molded non-fired refractory materials is necessary to replace imported products with Russian-made products based on locally available raw materials, as well as increasing requirements to reduce energy costs and increase environment-friendly manufacturing. Samples of molded refractory products are obtained and tested on the basis of zeolite-containing rocks and high-modulus polysilicates. Zeolite-containing rocks are a common mineral, so the technology can be easily scaled, including in the European part of Russia, while traditional refractory raw materials are concentrated on the periphery of the Russian Federation. The strength and fire-resistant properties of these samples are due to the presence of phosphorus-silicate bonds. The type of binding is a chemical reaction based on the interaction of phosphates, alkaline silicates and other salts. Refractory molded products obtained by the non-burning method will be in high demand in the metallurgical, energy and chemical industries, and the use of available natural raw materials for their production is a guarantee of economic benefits for their manufacture and use. The technical characteristics of the obtained samples are determined: strength of refractory products, bulk mass, fire resistance, residual strength of samples after their heating to the application temperature, water absorption of samples, limits of permissible deviations of sizes, indicators of the appearance of products.
RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITY OF GETTING UNFRITTED GLAZES IN THE SYSTEMS “GLASS NG-3 - ULEXITE” AND “GLASS NG-3 - COLEMANITE”
Authors: Onischuk V. , Ageeva S. , Evtushenko E.I. , Besedin Pavel
Published: January 2020

The article presents the results of a priori estimation and experimental confirmation of the possibility of obtaining unfritted low-baked glazes for majolica based on low-alkali glass NS-3 and poorly soluble complex boron-containing materials - ulexite and colemanite. The main conditions are formulated that determine the algorithm for modeling the composition of unfritted glazes, ranked by their specific influence on the final physicochemical properties of the glaze coating formed during firing: reduced compared to the shard, low melting point and high glass transition speed, compatibility of the thermal coefficients of linear expansion of the glassy coating and shard , high chemical stability of the formed glassy coating in relation to various reagents, application as yrevyh materials poorly soluble substances. The studies are carried out in two-component systems "NG-3 glass - ulexite" and "NG-3 glass - colemanite", in which the role of the matrix is played by low-alkali chemically stable glass NG-3, and ulexite and colemanite - modifiers of its composition, which contribute to lowering the transition temperature in a plastic state in which glazing of the surface of a ceramic crock is possible. The results of experimental studies confirms the possibility of obtaining glazes in the considered two-component systems. The possibility of obtaining transparent coating glazes in the NG-3 - ulexite glass system and opaque "muffled" glazes in the NG-3 - colemanite glass system is established.
FORMATION OF COUNTRY ESTATE DEVELOPMENT OF THE XVIII-EARLY XX CENTURIES.ON THE EXAMPLE OF GATCHINSKY DISTRICT IN LENINGRAD REGION
Authors: Shuvaeva E.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the history of the emergence and development of country estate complexes located on the territory of the modern Gatchinsky district of the Leningrad region. Large estates of the highest nobility, occupying more than 40 hectares, medium and small noble estates, the area of which does not exceed 30 – 40 hectares and cottages are studied. The relevance of the study is due to the problems of adaptation of historical estates of the XVIII-early XX centuries in the context of preserving the historical environment. The research is urgent due to the issues of adaptation the historical estates of the XVIII-early XX centuries in the context of preserving the historical environment. The common tendencies, which are typical for country estate of the XVIII century second part, at the turn of the XVIII and XIX century, first and second parts of the XIX century and at the turn of the XIX and XX century period, are highlighted by analytical method. It contains analysis of features of architectural projection structure of country estates, which are changed due to each stage of developing, because it is necessary for end-to-end solution for reservation of historical noble estates.

In result, the main chronological periods are founded and main modifications in layout structures of country estates and architecture design are described. Prosperity of country estates and formation of its classic appearance happened from the middle of the XVIII century till the end of first quarter of the XIX century. Country cottages, which refer to the period of prosperity, mainly are designed for year-round residence. Additionally, the research contains review of country estate culture fade period. Main preconditions of country cottages appearance and developing in first part of XIX century are studied and described. The key vectors of adaptation of manor complexes after 1917 are designated, concrete examples of functional reorientation are given.
SPECIFIC OF THE DEFINITIONS OF PROTECTED VALUE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE MONUMENTS ON THE TYPE OF «DWELLING BUILDING»
Authors: Mihaylov A.
Published: January 2020

The concept of “protected value” introduced in Russian legislation is fundamental for preservation works and adaptation for modern usage of cultural heritage monuments. The relevance of the topic is explained with the fact that in order to preserve the cultural heritage monuments, it is necessary to understand all aspects of the protected value of the site because it includes its all specific characteristics. The purpose is to identify the characteristics of cultural heritage sites and to offer additional elements of protection that necessary for their preservation. The analytical method analyzes and systematizes the "protected value" of cultural heritage monuments. The paper discusses the issues associated with the determination of the subject of protection in accordance with the current legislation on the preservation of cultural heritage sites for the type of "dwelling buildings". Dwelling buildings are typical for urban (including suburban) centers. The author analyzes publications on this subject and proposes an integrated systematization of protected value, focusing on the least developed and most problematic aspects, also urban and intangible characteristics. Taking into account the specific characteristics of the dwelling building including location in the urban landscape, compositional component, visual directions and intangible characteristics of sites special preservation restrictions are proposed.
BULGARIA’S GEOPOLITICAL EXPOSURE TO A CHANGED SECURITY ENVIRONMENT: THE STRENGTHS AND VULNERABILITIES OF A DIFFERENT “BORDER COUNTRY”
Authors: Stoytcheva Vesselina
Published: January 2020

Bulgaria is a country with unique geographical position as the only EU-member Black Sea country that shares a terrestrial border with the Muslim World. In the recent few years such a vicinity to two of the regional powers – Russia and Turkey, which normally is considered an advantage, turned into a challenge following Kremlin’s annexation of Crimea, on the one hand, and the Middle Eastern wars, that brought to Europe the twin dangers of Islamist terror and mass immigration, on the other. The article outlines the acutely felt exposure of this border country to a series of new crises, in addition to the older security problems following the dissolution of Yugoslavia. The authors claim that such a combination of security challenges is the rationale behind “the Bulgarian difference” in what concerns it’s foreign and security policies and conclude, that if one applies the opposition between hawks and doves’ metaphor to countries’ foreign policies, one should say that Bulgaria is not and will never be a hawk.
SECONDARY VICTIMIZATION OF PEOPLE WITH MENTAL DISEASES AND INVALID PERSONS
Authors: Adžajlić-Dedović Azra , Budimlić Muhamed , Hasković Edita
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we strive to point out the special protection of children with developmental disabilities and invalids as victims of crime and violence, in accordance with international and national law. Through the analysis of the judgment of the European Court against Bosnia and Herzegovina, we want to point out the secondary victimization of such persons who have been mistreated by civil servants and responsible for the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the law on civil servants, it is necessary to incorporate responsibility for the execution of secondary victims of victimization in a manner that is personally liable for these violations of citizens' rights and that the damages caused are borne by themselves and that they are removed from the civil service.
LACK OF SUCCESSION IN MACEDONIAN LEGAL SYSTEM
Authors: Jakimoski Laze , Dimoska Slavica
Published: January 2020

The succession presents property assignment from one person on behalf of others after his death. The process of succession can be performed by the law (heir at law) or by the will. Both options are regulated in details in Macedonian legal system.Whilst the human nature requires to see the positive effects of the inheritance, as well as to research the rights for succession, the law anticipated another opposite option - possibility for cutting of the will or so called lack of succession. The lack of succession represents a legal form where the possible successor loses his right to inherent any asset either by law (ex lege) or by the will. The lack of succession is not linked with the legal possibility for legacy or with the last will, but the lack of succession is linked with the personal character of the successor and his unmoral or illegal behavior. The lack of succession is a kind of penalty for the impropriate behavior of the possible successor towards the owner of the property or towards community from one side, as well as a protection measure for the property owner from the other side.The lack of succession is a part of almost all legal systems, in almost all of the countries with the only difference in the reasons why a person can be proclaim undignified for a legacy and a person with a lack of succession.The Macedonian legal system anticipated few reasons that are going to be elaborated in details in this paper. Mainly, those are cases where the possible successor reaches or tried to reach to the life of the owner of the will, forced or used some other illegal way to lead the owner of the will to make or abrogate the will, hide or destroyed the will in order to make a fake copy and change the last will, violate the obligation for sustenance or denied to offer the necessary assistance.In order to be affirmed these statements, Public prosecution and State attorney Office are authorized to obtain the information they have.These statements will be proved or denied by the Court, an institution authorized to prove the lack of succession.The conditions foreseen in the law of succession cannot be changed or modified.
CONSEQUENCES OF THE MIGRANT CRISIS
Authors: Berisha Hatidza , Dzeletovic Milenko , Tomasevic Vladimir
Published: January 2020

In daily communication are often used terms, such as migration, immigrants, refugees, emigrants, asylum seekers and similar, which in principle denote persons living outside the country of origin and their properties. However, there is often a lack of understanding in the perception and distinction between these terms, which in academic practice necessarily requires the determination of the scope and content of those terms. Therefore, we should try to point out the content and scope of concepts that define the status of migrants in the modern world.The paper deals with the basic concepts of migration, as well as the main features of the current migration crisis, with the focus on the consequences of the migrant crisis in the Republic of Serbia and the evinced security implications are described.The aim of the paper is to point out the most important consequences of the migrant crisis in the Republic of Serbia and to assess the possible future implications of the migrant crisis, which is primarily conditioned by the the degree and dynamics of solving problems in the Middle East, political and other decisions and measures of the European Union and neighboring countries.
IRANIAN INVOLVEMENT IN THE SYRIAN CONFLICT
Authors: Stankov Vasil
Published: January 2020

The article “Iranian involvement in the Syrian conflict” begins with an overview of Iran-Syria relations and the reasons for the Iranian support for the Syrian regime at the outset of the conflict and onwards. A detailed description is made of the common interests defining the lasting military-political, economic and security cooperation between the two countries. Subsequently, there is an analysis of the nature and scope of the Iranian involvement in Syria and its regional and internal implications. Finally, the article outlines the role of Iran in post-conflict Syria and the possible stance of its opponents and allies on Iranian intentions to sustain its presence and influence in the country.
MILITARY ACTIVITIES OF BULGARIAN AND SERBIAN ARMY DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN 1915
Authors: Cackov Oliver
Published: January 2020

The title of the paper indicates that it is focused on the beginning of the First World War, among the bloodiest and most tragic ones, as well as the number of human casualties. Also, according to the proportions and theories where this war has been waged, it has surpassed all the former ones. The topic provides sufficient space for the military operations of the Bulgarian Army, economic, political and health life, as well as the sense of this period and their consequences. The value of the paper is enriched with data on many geographic, topographic and military maps that point to the position and movement of the Bulgarian army in the period of September and October 1915. The significance of this paper is in the reality of the presented events, which are still present in this region in the present time.
RESEARCH ENERGY STATUS OF THE MILITARY PERSONEL IN FIELD SETTING
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Koynakov Krasimir
Published: January 2020

The aim of the research is to determine the values of the energy requirement and of the taken proteins, fats and carbohydrates for a balanced nutrition of the Cadets at Vasil Levski National Military University. The general hypothesis of the research is to confirm the existence of significant disproportions between the consumed energy requirement and the actually taken energy and nutrients through the given to the Cadets food during the process of their training at Vasil Levski National Military University.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE POLICE ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT AND THE FUNCTION OF THE POLICE IN SOCIETY
Authors: Muharemi Irfan
Published: January 2020

This paper should contribute to determine the impact of social changes on the work of the police, the powers and the manner of exercising the function of the police. Inside this paper will be treated other aspects related to the social transformation that have contributed to the position of the police in society has changed completely. Also, the influence of historical changes in its competencies and the realization of its functions and the position of the organization itself in the society.Policies is most visible manifestation of government authority responsible for public security in the country.The history shows that the police is one of the oldest services of human society, that is, the state. As an elementary form of social control, the police are older than the state itself. Etymologically, the word "police" (English-police, German-polizei, French-police ) derives from the old Greek word polis, politeia, which means the governance of the city, the state in accordance with the constitution and the laws and represents, the overall state activity (legislation, judiciary and administration). Compared to ancient Greece in ancient Rome, the police changed the term "milicija", which derives from the Latin word "militia" and represents the service for the protection of cities and the maintenance of order in them. Also, the term politeia, and in general Aristotle, represents the ideal form of state organization and the connection of the term "politics with the police", which have almost the same meaning and originate from the same term "politeia". The police represent a complex type of organization, the reason for which it is organized is to maintain the public order and peace in the society, is in the state. For this purpose, it has been provided with all legal authorizations and means for its uninterrupted functioning - acting. The police are strictly connected with public order and peace and their maintenance. The maintenance of public order includes: preventing its violation, fight against public order and peace offenders, perpetrators of criminal acts and the criminal one and creation of conditions for the stable maintenance of public order and peace in the society.Changes in the society and the changes in the police organization in the last decades have imposed the transformation of the police organization towards the new democratic circumstances, which enabled the police to train personnel, technically, and educative, in order to implement all the functions that the state would determine. The process of transformation of a police organization occurs not only in the countries in transition, but also in the democratic countries of the world.