bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS STABILITAS LERENG TAMBANG BATUBARA TERBUKA DI BANKO TENGAH SUBAN JERIJI
Authors: Patinsyah Ori , Yusa Muhammad , Wibisono Gunawan
Published: July 2021

Batubara merupakan salah satu bahan bakar yang sangat penting untuk keberlangsungan mesin bertenaga uap, baik itu pembangkit listrik maupun mesin industri. Selain itu, aktivitas penambangan yang aman sangat penting dalam proses penambangan, sehubung dengan pentingnya hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan analisis stabilitas lereng dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan lereng yang aman pada penambang agar kegiatan penambangan dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan dibantu program Geoslope 2018 dimana pada analisis stabilitas akan dilakukan pada 3 lereng yaitu, lereng tunggal, lereng inter-ramp dan lereng keseluruhan. Hasil analisis stabilitas yang dilakukan pada lereng tunggal diperoleh, angka keamanan pada lapisan overburden D 1.606, untuk lapisan  seam D angka keamanan yang diperoleh adalah 2.045, pada lapisan interburden D-E perolehan angka keamanan sebesar 1.397,  pada lapisan seam E dari hasil analisis diperoleh angka keamanan 1.333, dan untuk lapisan underburden E hasil analisis lereng tunggal yang telah dilakukan diperoleh angka keamanan 1,396. Untuk analisi stabilitas lereng inter-ramp, angka keamanan pada lereng ramp 1 sebesar 2,194, pada lereng ramp 2 sebesar 1,260 dan pada lereng ramp 3 sebesar 1,191. Sehingga, dari analisis stabilitas lereng tunggal dan lereng inter-ramp dapat didesain dan dianalisis stabilitas lereng keseluruhan dan diperoleh angka keamanan sebesar 1.124 dengan kemiringan lereng tersebut adalah 15o  pada kedalaman 200 m.
超大吨位大跨度连续刚构桥梁0#块现浇施工技术
Authors: 任 历文 , 李 定达
Published: July 2021

无砟轨道高速铁路大跨度桥梁的刚度要求非常大，梁体的高度相对于公路桥梁则更大，所以0号块的受力复杂性和高度也相应增加，对施工提出了更高的要求。针对大吨位0号块的支架施工到混凝土浇筑施工过程中研究还较少，通过商合杭高铁跨淮河特大桥主桥采用大跨度连续刚构拱的0号块支架设计方法、施工工艺流程和施工要点进行研究，具有积极的意义。
浅谈工程管理中的合同管理
Authors: 曲 传东
Published: July 2021

在现代社会经济建设中，工程建设是我国社会经济发展的主要动力，工程建设趋向于规模化、复杂化，工程管理中，借助合同管理，能够系统、全面地对双方的权利与义务进行约束，借助合同内容，对工程项目的开展进行督导和管控。在工程管理中，当事双方要想合作顺利开展，就必须对合同管理有所认识，积极研究工程管理与合同管理之间的关系，并对合同管理遇到的困难进行积极分析，针对性地提出合同管理的优化方法，从而提升合同管理的质量。
沥青路面预防性养护技术在公路养护中的应用
Authors: 陈 杨
Published: July 2021

近年来，我国社会经济在多方面利好因素的影响下得到了良好的发展，在这个过程中使得我国公路系统被逐渐的优化完善，人们对于公路沥青路面养护工作提出了更高的要求。预防性养护技术是当前最为新型的一种养护技术，其最为突出的特征就是综合性和系统性较强，可以切实的缓解沥青路面早期损坏的问题，有效的延长公路沥青路面的使用寿命，缩减公路沥青路面的养护成本。本篇文章结合作者工作经验，并以宁常高速公路为例，探讨公路的检测及养护相关技术。
数字航空摄影测量数据处理关键技术探讨
Authors: 王 振永
Published: July 2021

近年来，我国加大了对外经济开放的力度，从而推动了社会经济的快速发展，为各个领域的发展壮大创造了良好的基础。数字航空摄影测量技术是当前最为先进的一种测量技术，因为具有较强的优越性所以受到了人们的广泛青睐。在科学技术快速发展的推动下，大量的新型科技水平得到了显著的提升，从而促进了航空摄影测量技术方面空间数据获取方式朝着多样化的方向迈进，以往老旧模式的野外测量方法很显然已经不能满足实际需要了，所以我们应当对数据采集的方式进行不断的完善和创新，为航空摄影测量数据技术的未来良好发展起到积极的推动作用。就当下实际情况来看，数字航空摄影测量技术已经被人们大范围的运用到了城市建设、建筑工程、地质勘查诸多领域之中，为了能够为社会稳定发展给予良好的帮助，针对数字航空摄影测量数据处理关键技术加以综合分析研究是具有较强的现实意义的。
Laboratorios de Contención: Importancia en la Investigación Biomédica, Enfermedades Emergentes, y la Gestión en Salud Pública
Authors: Hernández Rosa I. , Arias Yurianni E. , Larrea Francisco J. , Ramírez José R. , Navarro Juan Carlos
Published: July 2021

Los laboratorios de contención constituyen una base fundamental para la detección y el estudio de agentes infecciosos y representan una herramienta imprescindible ante enfermedades emergentes y reemergentes que cada vez amenazan con mayor riesgo la salud pública. Se hace necesario fortalecer la gestión tanto de obtención como de mantenimiento de estos laboratorios de contención, pero bajo la premisa de sostenibilidad en cada región o localidad geográfica, y esa sostenibilidad debe estar basada no sólo a nivel de infraestructura sino también del potencial humano en su capacitación continua, como un componente fundamental de dichos laboratorios. Se discute la importancia de los laboratorios de contención como base del sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica para obtener información para el diseño de estrategias y actuaciones necesarias con el objetivo de prevenir, mitigar, dar respuesta y accionar la recuperación y resiliencia ante todo evento adverso de naturaleza biológica de índole natural o antrópico que pueda afectar a la salud pública. Paralelamente, se pretende concientizar en la sostenibilidad del sistema de contención de estos laboratorios, y así afianzar su misión y visión, asegurando el bienestar del trabajador de esas áreas, de la comunidad y del ambiente, y la garantía de apoyo a nivel de salud pública.
Algoritmo de programación estructurada, enfocado a la detección y conteo vehicular de manera inteligente en una intersección.
Authors: Mejía Peñafiel Edwin Fernando
Published: July 2021

Introducción. Se aborda el uso de Matlab a través de la creación de un algoritmo con programación estructurada, implementando un software que determine la presencia y clasificación de vehículos que pasan por una vía a través de una cámara, considerándose un problema de tráfico en las horas pico. Objetivo. Plantear un algoritmo codificado en Matlab que permita reconocer a través de un video los diferentes autos en una vía de acuerdo a sus dimensiones. Metodología. La metodología implementada es una híbrida entre desarrollo de software y desarrollo de sistemas inteligentes. Se realizaron 8 pruebas para poder establecer si el algoritmo nos presenta los resultados esperados en el reconocimiento de diferentes autos, utilizando herramientas y funciones que vienen con Matlab. Resultados. El algoritmo aplicado da un margen de error de más menos 8%, pero para llegar a esto se tuvo que ir de un error en la primera prueba del 80% hasta llegar al 7,5% del mismo, ya que todavía toca hacer algunos ajustes en el desempeño del algoritmo respecto a dimensiones de los vehículos, especialmente cuando tenemos mayor cantidad de ellos y de diferente tipo. Conclusión. La importancia radica que basado en esta aplicación inteligente, se puede processar vídeos que se captan de una cámara en la intersección de las vías, con esto se puede obtener flujo vehicular con hasta un 92% de efectividad, clasificación de vehículos diariamente y en horas pico. Considero que es una herramienta muy útil para que el problema del flujo vehicular tenga solución.
Ley Orgánica de Defensa del Consumidor y el Marketing Digital
Authors: Albán Trujillo Paola Estefanía , Carrasco Lara Gabriela Paola , Yánez Cuadrado Susana Alexandra
Published: July 2021

Introducción. La Ley Orgánica de Defensa del Consumidor establece el derecho de protección al consumidor que nace ante la necesidad de solucionar los problemas que representa el consumo moderno frente al marketing digital en la comercialización de productos y servicios a través de tiendas online ubicadas en plataformas digitales. Es de gran interés para los consumidores conocer la veracidad y transparencia de la información y con ello el apego a la efectividad de la normativa plasmada en la publicidad a través de lo que se menciona como características, términos y condiciones de comercialización. Objetivo. En tal sentido el objetivo de la presente investigación es, examinar medidas de comercialización aplicadas al marketing digital, los medios digitales utilizados para el comercio y la efectividad de la Ley Orgánica de Defensa del Consumidor. Metodología. Esta investigación se enmarca en un enfoque metodológico de análisis histórico, teórico jurídico y jurídico comparado, con un diseño y nivel de la investigación no experimental y bibliográfico documental respectivamente. El análisis se orientó en los principales medios digitales seleccionados para la comercialización de productos y servicios, identificando ventajas de cliente y empresa – B2C (Business-to-Consumer) en el que las organizaciones enfocan sus productos y servicios al cliente/consumidor final; así también en la norma que regula las relaciones consumidor – proveedor. Resultados.  La investigación permitió conocer los medios sociales más utilizados para el comercio digital, inferir que existe un gran número de consumidores que son objeto de marketing engañoso. Conclusión. Se concluyó que, en el Ecuador, la Ley Orgánica de Defensa del Consumidor, protege a los consumidores y sanciona a los proveedores de productos o servicios que incumplen su oferta lo que permite demostrar que la norma legal es efectiva.
Pattern of diseases among Bangladeshi Hajj Pilgrimsin Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Amin Md Nurul , Islam Md Rafiqul , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Each year millions of Muslims embark on a religious pilgrimage called the “Hajj” to Mecca in Saudi Arabia. The mass migration during the Hajj is unparalleled in scale, and pilgrims face numerous health hazards. Performing the tasks of pilgrimage is stressful and laborious and as such requires immense mental and physical fitness on the part of the pilgrims. But a substantial proportion of the pilgrims lack it. Besides, the hot and dry environment and untold overcrowding predispose them to the risk of many communicable diseases. The present study, was therefore, intended to find the pattern of diseases among Bangladeshi Hajj pilgrims at Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on Bangladeshi Hazz pilgrims in Mecca Saudi Arabia over a period of 1 month from mid-September to mid-October, 2015. A total of 710 pilgrims (18 or > 18 years) attending at Bangladeshi Hazz Medical Center (BHMC) in Mecca, Saudi Arabia during the period were consecutively included in the study after having voluntary verbal consent obtained from them. Diseases were diagnosed mainly on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms with provision of only random and fasting blood sugar estimation and ECG. The diagnosed diseases were grouped into major and minor problems or conditions and were treated as out-patient basis.

Result: In the present study upper middle-aged (50 – 60 years) and elderly (≥ 60 years) pilgrims together formed nearly 73% of the patients with mean age of the patients being 56 years. Males were a bit higher than the females with male-female ratio being roughly 11:9. The study demonstrated that the commonest cause of out-patient visit was respiratory illness (41.2%) followed by diabetes (17.2%), peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (11.7%) and cardiovascular diseases (10.7%)(which included hypertension, new onset ischemia or exacerbation of preexisting ischemic heart diseases). A few (3.2%) of the patients presented with diarrhoeal diseases (loose motion or dysentery). Other minor ailments were allergy or dermatitis, insomnia, paronychia, anxiety, UTI, hemorrhoids, epistaxis, glossitis, oral ulcer, earache, conjunctivitis, worm infestation, spot bleeding etc., accounting for 4.8% of the patients.

Conclusion: The study concluded that respiratory illness is the most common health problems among pilgrims visiting to Mecca, Saudi Arabia followed by diabetes, PUD and cardio-vascular diseases. The pilgrims should be educated in their home country before starting for pilgrimage as how to maintain their health in their new and challenging environment and Bangladesh Hazz Mission in Mecca should ensure enough medical support to them.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 96-101
Malignancy in Clinically Non-toxic Multinodular Goiter
Authors: Ali Mohd Shahjahan , Sarkar Md Habibullah , Hossain Syeda Momena
Published: July 2021

Objective: Goiter is a common form of thyroid swelling among population living in areas of iodine deficiency. Of the goiters, non-toxic multinodular goiter (MNG) is the most common and benign form of thyroid disease. However, studies have shown that long-standing MNGs may harbour malignancy. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to ascertain the prevalence of malignancy in clinically diagnosed non-toxic MNGs.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery (all four-units) and ENT Department, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi from July 2007 to June 2008 on 100 patients of clinically non-toxic MNG who underwent thyroid surgery. Biopsy materials were taken from the excised nodules and were sent for histopathological examination to see what proportion of them harboured malignancy.

Result: The findings of the study showed that 40% of patients were 30-40 years old with mean age of the patients being 35.5 ± 10.1 (range: 14-75) years. Majority (87%) of the patients was female. Half of the patients with non-toxic MNGs had a history of thyroid swelling for 1-5 years and the rest half for > 5 years with median duration of illness being 5.5 years (range: 1-30 years). Of the 100 patients 4% had stridor and 6% dyspnoea; dysphagia and cervical lymphadenopathy each was 6%. Nearly 60% of the patients had goiter of size 15 sq-cm or below. Sub-total thyroidectomy was the most common operation performed (33%) followed by right hemi-thyroidectomy (24%), near total thyroidectomy (20%), left hemi-thyroidectomy (18%) and total thyroidectomy (5%). Histopathological examination of resected specimens revealed that 15% of the MNGs had malignancy with papillary to follicular carcinoma ratio being 4:1. Histopathological typing showed that 79% was simple MNGs, 4% follicular adenoma, 12% papillary carcinoma, 3% follicular carcinoma and 2% chronic thyroiditis. Neither age nor sex was found to be associated with presence of malignancies in MNGs (p = 0.865 and p = 0.647 respectively). The goiter-size was also not associated with presence of malignancies (p = 0.691). However, the mean duration of thyroid swelling in patients who had malignancy was much higher (8.5 years) than that in patients who did not haveany malignancy (5.7 years) (p = 0.024).

Conclusion: The study concluded that a small proportion of long-standing non-toxic MNGs may turn into malignancy. Therefore, routine operative treatment without confirming that the cases are malignant does not seem to be justified.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 84-88
Effect of Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hasan Md Sharif , Hamid Abdul , Rahman Ahsan Habibur , Amin Nurul , Ahmed Tanvir , Wadud Arman E
Published: July 2021

Background & objective : Myocardial revascularization in diabetic patients is challenging. Off pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery has been widely used for the treatment of coronary artery disease. The goal of this study was to compare outcomes of OPCAB in diabetic patients relative to non diabetic patients.

Methods:The present prospective study was conducted between January 2014 to June 2017. During the period a total of 193 patients (of whom 70 had diabetes and 123 patients were non-diabetics) were included in the study. All of them underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. The early clinical outcomes of OPCAB were evaluated during the postoperative hospital stay.

Result: Over three-quarters of the patients in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups were ≥ 50 years old with no significant intergroup difference (p = 0.825). Majority(90%) of the patients in either group was male (p = 0.786). Nearly half (48.5%) of the patients in diabetic and 45% in non-diabetic group were overweight or obese (p = 0.557). The smokers weremuch higher in non-diabetic group than that in the diabetics (p = 0.009). The average number of grafts needed was considerably higher in the diabetic group (p = 0.079). All the postoperative outcome variables like pneumonia, stroke, arrhythmia, renal failure requiring dialysis and postoperative mortality in both the groups were almost identical (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Off-pump coronary artery bypassis the preferred choice of revascularization for multi-vessel coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. However, continuous, strict glycemic control is essential to have a good postoperative outcome.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2018; 8 (1&2): 10-16
Research Promotion for Sustainable Health Development
Authors: Amin Md Nurul
Published: July 2021

Abstract not available

Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 5-7
State of Working Slum Children in Dhaka City
Authors: Amin Md Nurul , Farah Shayela , Karim Mohoshina , Rahman Farhana , Islam Shitil Ibna
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Rapid urbanisation in the 20th century has been accompanied by the development of slums. Nearly one-third of the world’s population and > 60% of urban populations in the least developed countries including hundreds of millions of children live in slums. Slums are areas of broad social and health disadvantage to children and their families due to extreme poverty, overcrowding, poor water quality and sanitation, substandard housing, limited access to basic health and education services. The objective of this study was to assess the demographic and nutritional status of working slum children in Dhaka city.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Moghbazar slum, situated in Dhaka city from July to December, 2013. A total of 200 slum children aged 6 to18 years whose parents’ (either father or mother) voluntarily consented to allow their children participate in the study.

Result: Out of 200 slum children, 57(28.5%) were in the age group of 12-14 years, among them 110(55.0%) were male. More than 50% never attended any kinds of formal school. Forty five percent children lived with their parents. Over half (26%) of the slum children were engaged in beggary, 23% were van/rickshaw puller, 22% were rag-picker (Tokai), 10% were cooli. Three-quarters of the children had medium work-load and 80% did 5-8 hours work per day sixty percent of the children had monthly income of Taka 1000-1500. In terms of BMI, one-third (33.5%) was severely under-nourished, 55% were of normal BMI and 11.5% were overweight and obese.

Conclusion: The study presented a gloomy picture (in terms of nutritional status) of working children in a selected slum within Dhaka city. Therefore, health related programmes should focus to improve the overall wellbeing of the working slum children.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 49-53
O Enfoque Ontossemiótico: uma análise da geometria na coleção de livro didático de Matemática no Ensino Técnico Integrado ao Médio
Authors: Palanch Wagner Barbosa de Lima , Ferreira Renata Barbosa
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar alguns resultados da dissertação de mestrado intitulada “Análise da geometria na coleção de livro didático de Matemática no Ensino Técnico Integrado ao Médio do Centro Paula Souza”, desenvolvida no Programa de Mestrado Profissional de Ensino de Ciências e Matemática da Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul em São Paulo, tendo como pressupostos uma perspectiva investigativa que visa analisar qualitativamente materiais curriculares (livro didático) de uma coleção do Ensino Médio no âmbito da geometria. Para análise em questão, foram utilizados quadros desenvolvidos a partir das adequações didáticas (epistêmica, mediacional e ecológica) oriundas dos pressupostos do Enfoque Ontossemiótico. Assim, este artigo discorrerá sobre os quadros de adequação didática supramencionado visando oferecer subsídios para que professores possam guiar-se ao analisarem livros didáticos.
THE APPLICATION OF LEARNING MODELS GROUP INVESTIGATION TO IMPROVE STUDENTS LEARNING OUTCOMES ON THE THEME OF THE RICH OF MY COUNTRY IN GRADE IV SD NEGERI 091305 PERSATUAN BARU THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2019/2020.
Authors: Lumban Gaol Murdiono , Simarmata Ester Julinda , Sipayung Regina
Published: July 2021

the results obtained indicate the presence of increase in students learning outcomes with the application of learning models Group Investigation. It can be seen from the increased learning outcomes of students each cycle. On the initial test (pretest) the obtained results of students learning before the application of learning models Group Investigation there are 5 students who pass the study with a percentage of 20%, while not thoroughly studied 20 students with a percentage of 80% with an average value of 56. In cycle I obtained an observation of the activities of teachers by 62%, while the observation of student activity obtained amounted to 56%, the value of the learning outcomes of the students there are 10 students with a percentage of 40% and students who did not complete there are 15 people with the percentage of 60%, with an average value of 67,52. Students who complete the classical yet reached 75%, then proceed on the next cycle. In cycle II obtained by observation of teacher activity by 80%, while the observation of students activity obtained amounted to 82%, the value of students learning outcomes are complete there are 21 people with a percentage of 84% and students who did not complete there are 4 students with the percentage of 16%, with an average value of 79,72. Based on the data analysis it can be concluded that with the application of learning models Group Investigation can improve students’ learning outcomes.Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Learning Models Group Investigation, Observation, and the Cycle
Sistem Informasi Multiplatform Repositori Data Dosen Berbasis React Menggunakan Framework Kanban
Authors: Dien Habibie Ed , Arhandi Putra Prima , P. Aditya Eka , A. Deby Silvia
Published: July 2021

Dosen adalah seorang pendidik profesional yang mengemban tugas tridharma perguruan tinggi. Luaran yang dihasilkan dari tugas tridharma seperti pendidikan dan pengajaran, penelitian, dan pengabdian tiap dosen memiliki data atau dokumen penting yang sangat banyak demi jenjang karirnya. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan sistem informasi untuk memanajemen data tersebut adalah hal yang sangat penting. Salah satu solusinya adalah sistem repositori. Aplikasi multiplatform repositori dosen berbasis React adalah sebuah sistem informasi repositori yang dibangun untuk mengelola data-data dosen Jurusan Teknologi Informasi (JTI), Politeknik Negeri Malang yang meliputi biodata, kepangkatan, pendidikan, penelitian, pengajaran, pengabdian, sertifkasi, dan data rekam jejak mengikuti pelatihan. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi android dan web yang dibangun dengan kerangka kerja React menggunakan bahasa pemrograman TypeScript. Jenis pengguna aplikasi ini terdiri dari administrator dan dosen-dosen JTI. Pengujian aplikasi versi web dan android dilakukan pada berbagai perangkat dengan hasil dapat beroperasi dengan baik.
Neurophysiological phenotypes of pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Aleksandrov M. V. , Marchenko Y. V.
Published: July 2021

Patients with a drug-resistant form of epilepsy can be treated by neurosurgery through the destruction or separation of the epileptic focus. If the results of clinical, neuro-imaging and neurophysiological methods are discordant, then the localization of the epileptogenic zone is performed based on the results of long-term invasive monitoring of the bioelectrical activity of the cortex and deep structures of the brain. The aim of this work was the retrospective analysis of the results of invasive monitoring of the bioelectrical activity of the brain to clarify the mechanisms of the formation of patterns of interictal and ictal activity in structural epilepsy. The study included 35 patients (18 men, 17 women) with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy, who were treated at the Polenov Neurosurgical Institute. The examination included video-EEG monitoring, long-term invasive monitoring of bioelectrical activity of the cortex, and deep brain structures. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of surgical treatment: 1) micro-surgical resection of the epileptic focus, including the zone of structural changes (24 patients); 2) stereotactic destruction of the amygdala-hippocampal complex (6 patients). The follow-up of the outcomes of the surgical treatment took place over 2-3 years. Depending on the results of the surgical treatment, the patients were divided into two groups: 1) patients with a favorable outcome (Engel 1–2) — 15 patients and 2) patients with no positive dynamics and a relatively poor outcome (Engel 3–4) — 15 patients. The results obtained showed that the patterns of interictal and ictal activity in their totality determine the neurophysiology, i.e the phenotype of temporal lobe epilepsy, reflecting the interference of pathogenetic and sanogenetic mechanisms. The localization of the epileptogenic zone should be based on the cumulative assessment of interictal and ictal activity. The presence of more than one focus of interictal activity, the secondary spread of epileptiform activity from the primary focus, are prognostically unfavorable factors.
YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE ÖĞRENENLERİN KÜLTÜREL ZEKÂ DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: MADEN Aslı
Published: July 2021

Kültürel zekâ kavramı, bireyin farklı kültürel unsurlarla karşılaştığında kendini ayarlayabilme ve uyum sağlayabilme yeteneğini ifade eder. Dil öğretimi kültür unsurlarını da içermektedir. Bu nedenle kültürel zekâ farkındalığı yabancı dil öğretiminde önemli bir konudur. Buna karşın Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde, kültürel zekâ kavramının yeterince incelenmemiş olması dikkat çekmektedir. Bu gerekçe ile araştırmada, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen ve eğitim gören yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin kültürel zekâ düzeylerini tespit etmek ve çeşitli değişkenlere göre değerlendirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaca bağlı olarak, yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin kültürel zekâ düzeyleri ile Türk kültürüne uyum ve Türkçe öğrenmelerine etkisi olabilecek değişkenlerle olan ilişkisi de belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modeline uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemi, Karadeniz Bölgesindeki bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören yabancı uyruklu öğrenciler arasından tesadüfi olarak belirlenmiştir. Yabancı uyruklu öğrenciler kolay ulaşılabilirlik ve gönüllülük esasına göre (n=96) seçilmiştir. Araştırmanın kültürel zekâ verileri, Ang ve arkadaşları (2007) tarafından hazırlanıp İlhan ve Çetin (2014) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Kültürel Zekâ Ölçeği ile, öğrencilerin değişkenlere ilişkin özellikleri ise görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, elektronik ortamda toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen yabancıların kültürel zekâ farkındalığı konusunda genel olarak orta düzeyde ve kararsız oldukları ortaya konulmuştur. Türkçe ve Türk kültürünü öğrenmeleri ile ilişkili olabilecek değişkenlerden cinsiyetin, Türkçe kitap okumanın ve e-posta / sms göndermenin kültürel zekâ üzerinde etkili olmadığı, yabancı dilde (Türkçe) müzik dinleme, film izleme, televizyon kanalı takip etme ve internet sayfalarını okumanın ise kültürel zekâ ile ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DE 2000-2018 YILLARI ARASINDA TESETTÜR OLGUSU İLE İLGİLİ YAPILMIŞ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZLERİ BAĞLAMINDA TESETTÜR ALGISININ DEĞİŞİMİNE ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLERİN ANALİZİ
Authors: ALTIPARMAK Şerife , BUDAK Hatice
Published: July 2021

Türkiye’de Batılılaşma ve modernleşme projesi ile hedeflenen “medeniyet değişimi”, toplumsal yapıda bir dizi yenilik ile sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Geleneksel değer ve pratiklerin, modern değer ve pratiklerle ikame edilme sürecinde tesettür ve başörtüsü uzun süre tartışılacak merkezi konulardan biri olmuştur. Türkiye’nin siyasi problemlerinden biri haline gelecek olan başörtüsü hukuki düzenlemelerle kâh yasaklanmış kâh serbest bırakılmış lakin nihai bir çözüme kavuşturulamamıştır. 2013 yılında kamusal alanda başörtüsü/türban yasağının kaldırılması ile hukuken çözüme kavuşturulan türban meselesi siyasi ve akademik tartışmaların odağı olmaya devam etmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2000-2018 yılları arasında tesettür ve başörtüsü kapsamında yapılmış yüksek lisans tezlerinin bulgularının analizi ile tesettür algısındaki değişimi ve bu değişime etki eden faktörleri tespit etmek, mevcut konumu betimlemektir. Çalışma amacına ulaşabilmek için YÖK Tez veri tabanı, “başörtüsü, tesettür, moda, tesettür modası” anahtar kelimeleri ile taranmış ve toplamda 49 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini oluşturan 49 çalışmadan, 14’ü çalışma örneklemi olarak seçilmiştir. Örneklemi oluşturan yüksek lisans tezleri doküman inceleme tekniği ile analiz edilerek bu çalışmanın verileri elde edilmiştir. Çalışma verilerine dayanarak 2013 yılından itibaren yapılan çalışmaların tesettür-siyaset ilişkisini incelemekten tesettürün moda, medya, statü-marka ve tüketimle olan ilişkisini incelemeye doğru değiştiği, tesettürün çerçevesi naslarla çizilmiş dini bir vecibe olmanın ötesinde moda, marka ve statü üçgeninde ticarileştiği, sahip olunan herhangi bir meta işlevi kazanarak “görünürlük”, “fark edilmek” arzusuna hizmet ettiği, tesettür modası dergileri, tesettür ikon ve stil danışmanları ve sosyal medya platformları aracılığıyla kadınların tüketim alışkanlıklarının ve giyim tarzlarının yönlendirildiği, modern-seküler değerlerle harmanlanmış yeni bir imaj ve kimlik sunulduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Some Cracking Ideas on Egg Incubation
Authors: Edwards Carina , Ovenden Nicholas Charles , Rottschäfer Vivi
Published: July 2021

This problem was posed by Bristol Zoological Gardens and investigated during the 46th European Study Group with Industry 2003 at the University of Bristol. Bristol Zoo looks after rare and endangered species of birds and the Zoo is interested in finding efficient ways of breeding them in captivity. Their motivation was to ensure that artificial incubation is as successful as natural incubation so that one may breed the species as rapidly as possible An examination of the egg turning from a fluid dynamics perspective is presented here that suggests the primary reason for turning is to enable mixing in the albumen. This mixing provides the embryo with important nutrients, anti-bacterial agents and disperses waste in the early stages of incubation. Our model also indicates that turning of the egg does not seem to be required for uniform heating, in agreement with practical experience of artificial incubators.
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Whole Genomic Wide Knockout Screening Identifies Specific Genes Associated With PM2.5-Induced Mineral Absorption in Liver Toxicity
Authors: Peng Jinfu , Yi Bin , Wang Mengyao , Tan Jieqiong , Huang Zhijun
Published: July 2021

PM2.5, also known as fine particles, refers to particulate matter with a dynamic diameter of ≦2.5 μm in air pollutants, that carries metals (Zn, Co, Cd) which can pass through the alveolar epithelium and enter the circulatory system and tissues. PM2.5 can cause serious health problems, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver and hepatocellular carcinoma, although the underlying mechanisms of its toxic effect are poorly understood. Here, we exposed L02 cells to PM2.5 and performed a pooled genome−wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) to assess loss of function and identify new potential PM2.5targets. Enrichr and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to identify candidate genes associated with PM2.5 toxicity. Results revealed that four key genes, namely ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 (ATP1A2), metallothionein 1M (MT1M), solute carrier family 6 members 19 (SLC6A19) and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 (TRPV6) were associated with PM2.5 toxicity, mainly in regulating the mineral absorption pathway. Downregulating these genes increased cell viability and attenuated apoptosis in cells exposed to PM2.5. Conversely, overexpressing TRPV6 exacerbated cell apoptosis caused by PM2.5, while a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) alleviated PM2.5-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, ATP1A2, MT1M, SLC6A19 and TRPV6 may be contributing to absorption of metals in PM2.5 thereby inducing apoptosis mediated by ROS. Therefore, they hold potential as therapeutic targets for PM2.5-related diseases.
Enhanced Production of (S)-2-arylpropionic Acids by Protein Engineering and Whole-Cell Catalysis
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Zhao Meng , Fan Xinjiong , Fu Yao
Published: July 2021

Esterases are important biocatalysts for chemical synthesis. Several bHSL family esterases have been used to prepare (S)-2-arylpropionic acids with stronger anti-inflammatory effects via kinetic resolution. Here, we presented the discovery of key residues that controlled the enantioselectivity of bHSL family esterases to ethyl 2-arylpropionates, through careful analysis of the structural information and molecular docking. A new bHSL family esterase, Est924, was identified as a promising catalyst for kinetic resolution of racemic ethyl 2-arylpropionates with slight (R)-stereopreference. Using Est924 as the starting enzyme, protein engineering was conducted at hotspots, and the substitution of A203 was proved to enhance the enantioselectivity. The stereopreference of the mutant M1 (A203W) was inverted to ethyl (S)-2-arylpropionates, and this stereopreference was further improved in variant M3 (I202F/A203W/G208F). In addition, the optimal variant, M3, was also suitable for the resolution of ibuprofen ethyl ester and ketoprofen ethyl ester, and their efficient (S)-isomers were synthesized. Next, the whole-cell catalyst harboring M3 was used to prepare (S)-ketoprofen. (S)-ketoprofen with 86%ee was produced by whole-cell catalyst with a single freeze-thaw cycle, and the cells could be reused for at least five cycles. Our results suggested that Est924 variants could kinetically resolve economically important racemates for industrial production and further offer the opportunity for the rational design of enzyme enantioselectivity. Moreover, it is an economical process to prepare optically pure (S)-ketoprofen and (S)-naproxen by using an engineered strain harboring M3 as the catalyst.
Identification and Expression of New Unspecific Peroxygenases – Recent Advances, Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Kinner Alina , Rosenthal Katrin , Lütz Stephan
Published: July 2021

In 2004, the fungal heme-thiolate enzyme subfamily of unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) was first described in the basidiomycete Agrocybe aegerita. As UPOs naturally catalyze a broad range of oxidative transformations by using hydrogen peroxide as electron acceptor and thus possess a great application potential, they have been extensively studied in recent years. However, despite their versatility to catalyze challenging selective oxyfunctionalizations, the availability of UPOs for potential biotechnological applications is restricted. Particularly limiting are the identification of novel natural biocatalysts, their production, and the description of their properties. It is hence of great interest to further characterize the enzyme subfamily as well as to identify promising new candidates. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the state of the art in identification, expression, and screening approaches of fungal UPOs, challenges associated with current protein production and screening strategies, as well as potential solutions and opportunities.
Uniaxial Cyclic Stretching Promotes Chromatin Accessibility of Gene Loci Associated With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Morphogenesis and Osteogenesis
Authors: Zhang Duo , Zhang Ran , Song Xiaoyuan , Yan Karen Chang , Liang Haiyi
Published: July 2021

It has been previously demonstrated that uniaxial cyclic stretching (UCS) induces differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts in vitro. It is also known that interactions between cells and external forces occur at various aspects including cell–matrix, cytoskeleton, nucleus membrane, and chromatin. However, changes in chromatin landscape during this process are still not clear. The present study was aimed to determine changes of chromatin accessibility under cyclic stretch. The influence of cyclic stretching on the morphology, proliferation, and differentiation of hMSCs was characterized. Changes of open chromatin sites were determined by assay for transposase accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq). Our results showed that UCS induced cell reorientation and actin stress fibers realignment, and in turn caused nuclear reorientation and deformation. Compared with unstrained group, the expression of osteogenic and chondrogenic marker genes were the highest in group of 1 Hz + 8% strain; this condition also led to lower cell proliferation rate. Furthermore, there were 2022 gene loci with upregulated chromatin accessibility in 1 Hz + 8% groups based on the analysis of chromatin accessibility. These genes are associated with regulation of cell morphogenesis, cell–substrate adhesion, and ossification. Signaling pathways involved in osteogenic differentiation were found in up-regulated GO biological processes. These findings demonstrated that UCS increased the openness of gene loci associated with regulation of cell morphogenesis and osteogenesis as well as the corresponding transcription activities. Moreover, the findings also connect the changes in chromatin accessibility with cell reorientation, nuclear reorientation, and deformation. Our study may provide reference for directed differentiation of stem cells induced by mechanical microenvironments.
Presence of L1014F Knockdown-Resistance Mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.s. From São Tomé and Príncipe
Authors: Zhang Hongying , Li Mingqiang , Tan Ruixiang , Deng Changsheng , Huang Bo , Wu Zhibin , Zheng Shaoqing , Guo Wenfeng , Tuo Fei , Yuan Yueming , Bandeira Carlos Alberto , Rompão D’almeida Herodes , Xu Qin , Song Jianping , Wang Qi
Published: July 2021

Malaria, one of the most serious parasitic diseases, kills thousands of people every year, especially in Africa. São Tomé and Príncipe are known to have stable transmission of malaria. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticides and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are considered as an effective malaria control interventions in these places. The resistance status of Anopheles gambiae s.s. from Agua Grande, Caue, and Lemba of São Tomé and Príncipe to insecticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (4.0%), deltamethrin (0.05%), permethrin (0.75%), fenitrothion (1.0%), and malathion (5.0%), were tested according to the WHO standard protocol. DNA extraction, species identification, as well as kdr and ace-1R genotyping were done with the surviving and dead mosquitoes post testing. They showed resistance to cypermethrin with mortality rates ranging from 89.06% to 89.66%. Mosquitoes collected from Agua Grande, Caue, and Lemba displayed resistance to DDT and fenitrothion with mortality rates higher than 90%. No other species were detected in these study localities other than Anopheles gambiae s.s. The frequency of L1014F was high in the three investigated sites, which was detected for the first time in São Tomé and Príncipe. No ace-1R mutation was detected in all investigated sites. The high frequency of L1014F showed that kdr L1014F mutation might be related to insecticide resistance to Anopheles gambiae s.s. populations from São Tomé and Príncipe. Insecticide resistance status is alarming and, therefore, future malaria vector management should be seriously considered by the government of São Tomé and Príncipe.
Genetics and Functional Mechanisms of STAT3 Polymorphisms in Human Tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Feifei , Huang Guixian , Shen Ling , Peng Ying , Sha Wei , Chen Zheng W. , Shen Hongbo
Published: July 2021

Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) plays an important role in biological balance. Our and others previous studies implied that STAT3 had a great effect on fast-acting innate immunity against tuberculosis (TB). We hypothesized that stat3 SNP down-regulation of STAT3 leads to a change in susceptibility to TB in humans. To test this hypothesis, we investigated STAT3 SNPs using SNP scan™ technique in a case-control study of TB patients (n = 470) and HC subjects (n = 356), and then conducted functional studies of them using cellular models. We found that SNPs in STAT3 3`-UTR of rs1053004 TT and rs1053005 AA genotypes or T-A haplotype were associated with susceptibility to TB or TB severity. While the TT/AA genotype correlated with the low constitutive expression of stat3 and IL-17A in PBMC, the variant stat3 of rs1053004-rs1053005 T-A haplotype indeed reduced stat3 expression in reporter assays. Interestingly, host PBMC expressing the rs1053005 AA genotype and low constitutive stat3 exhibited the reduced ability to mount fast-acting innate immunity against mycobacterial infection in cellular models. Finally, mechanistic experiments showed that the STAT3 down-regulation broadly depressed STAT3 downstream anti-mycobacterial activities involving VDR-related CAMP pathway as well as IL-32, iNOS and autophagy mechanisms, leading to an enhanced mycobacterial infection. The findings of this study suggest that low constitutive stat3 derived from the TT/AA genotype/T-A haplotype acts to down-regulate STAT3, depressing multiple anti-mycobacterial pathways/mechanisms downstream, which leads to an enhanced mycobacterial infection or TB in high-risk individuals.
Homogeneity and Possible Replacement of Populations of the Dengue Vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Indonesia
Authors: Garjito Triwibowo Ambar , Widiarti Widiarti , Hidajat Muhammad Choirul , Handayani Sri Wahyuni , Mujiyono Mujiyono , Prihatin Mega Tyas , Ubaidillah Rosichon , Sudomo Mohammad , Satoto Tri Baskoro Tunggul , Manguin Sylvie , Gavotte Laurent , Frutos Roger
Published: July 2021

Currently,Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue virus in Indonesia, has spread throughout the archipelago.Aedes albopictusis also present. Invasion and high adaptability of theAedesmosquitoes to all of these areas are closely related to their ecology and biology. Between June 2016 and July 2017, larval and adult mosquito collections were conducted in 43 locations in 25 provinces of Indonesia using standardized sampling methods for dengue vector surveillance. The samples collected were analyzed for polymorphism and phylogenetic relationship using the mitochondrialcox1 gene and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). Almost allAe. aegyptisamples collected in this study (89%) belonged to the same haplotype. A similar situation is observed with the nuclear ITS2 marker. Populations ofAe. aegypticharacterized few years ago were genetically different. A closely related observation was made withAedes albopictusfor which the current populations are different from those described earlier.Ae. aegyptipopulations were found to be highly homogenous all over Indonesia with all samples belonging to the same maternal lineage. Although difficult to demonstrate formally, there is a possibility of population replacement. Although to a lower extent, a similar conclusion was reached withAe. albopictus.
Local Awareness and Interpretations of Species Extinction in a Rural Chinese Biodiversity Hotspot
Authors: Ma Heidi , Papworth Sarah K. , Ge Tianbei , Wu Xiaohan , Yu Chuyue , Zhang Hanxue , Turvey Samuel T.
Published: July 2021

Incorporating local perspectives is fundamental to evidence-based conservation, for both understanding complex socio-ecological systems and implementing appropriate management interventions. How local communities understand extinction, and whether these views affect perceptions of biodiversity loss and the effect of anthropogenic activities, has rarely been evaluated explicitly in conservation projects. To target this data gap, we conducted 185 interviews to assess levels and patterns of understanding about wildlife decline and extinction in rural communities around Bawangling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, a priority conservation site that has experienced recent species losses. Interviewees showed varying awareness of declines and extirpation of local wildlife species. Two-thirds did not consider the permanent disappearance of wildlife to be possible; among those who did, only one-third could comprehend the scientific term “extinction.” Thinking extinction is possible was associated with identifying declined and extirpated species, but not with perceiving locally-driven human activities, such as hunting, as the reason for wildlife loss. The government was seen as the entity most responsible for conservation. Variation found around local perceptions of extinction, its drivers, and conservation responsibility demonstrates that comprehension of key conservation concepts should not be assumed to be homogenous, highlighting the challenge of transposing scientific concepts between different social and cultural settings. Proactively incorporating local perspectives and worldviews, especially by obtaining context-specific baseline understandings, has major implications for other contexts worldwide and should inform conservation planning and management.
Focus on Autoimmune Myocarditis in Graves' Disease: A Case-Based Review
Authors: Wu Lujin , Wang Wei , Leng Qianru , Tang Nana , Zhou Ning , Wang Yan , Wang Dao Wen
Published: July 2021

The manifestations of hyperthyroidism-related myocardial damage are multitudinous, including arrhythmia, dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular diseases, and even cardiogenic shock. Acute myocarditis induced by thyrotoxicosis had been reported in a few studies. However, attention on its prevalence and underlying mechanisms is sorely lacking. Its long-term harm is often ignored, and it may eventually develop into dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. We report a case of Graves' disease with a progressive elevation of hypersensitive cardiac troponin-I at several days after discontinuation of the patient's anti-thyroid drugs. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) showed inflammatory edema of some cardiomyocytes (stranded enhanced signals under T2 mapping), myocardial necrosis (scattered enhanced signals under T1 late gadolinium enhancement) in the medial and inferior epicardial wall, with a decreased left ventricular systolic function (48%), which implied a possibility of acute myocarditis induced by thyrotoxicosis. The patient was then given a transient glucocorticoid (GC) treatment and achieved a good curative effect. Inspired by this case, we aim to systematically elaborate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperthyroidism-induced autoimmune myocarditis. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of CMRI and GC therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism-related myocarditis.
Circular RNAs as Competing Endogenous RNAs in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Authors: Min Xue , Liu Dong-liang , Xiong Xing-dong
Published: July 2021

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a novel class of widespread and diverse endogenous RNA molecules. This unusual class of RNA species is generated by a back-splicing event of exons or introns, resulting in a covalently closed circRNA molecule. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNA plays an important role in the biological functions of a network of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). CircRNAs can competitively bind to miRNAs and abolish the suppressive effect of miRNAs on target RNAs, thus regulating gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The role of circRNAs as ceRNAs in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) has been recently reported and highlighted. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism could aid the discovery of therapeutic targets or strategies against CVDs. Here, we review the progress in studying the role of circRNAs as ceRNAs in CVDs, with emphasis on the molecular mechanism, and discuss future directions and possible clinical implications.