bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiac autonomic function is preserved in young adults with major depressive disorder
Authors: Darling Ashley M. , Dominguez Cynthia M. , Skow Rachel J. , Mogle Jacqueline , Saunders Erika F. H. , Fadel Paul J. , Greaney Jody L.
Published: January 2024

This study investigated cardiac autonomic function in young unmedicated adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). The results demonstrated that both heart rate variability and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity were preserved in young unmedicated adults with MDD compared with healthy nondepressed young adults. Furthermore, in young adults with MDD, current depressive symptom severity was not associated with any indices of cardiac autonomic function.
Anisotropy and Energy Evolution Characteristics of Shales: A Case Study of the Longmaxi Formation in Southern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Xiangjun Liu , Dalin Zhuang , Jian Xiong , Yishan Zhou , Junjie Liu , Chong Deng , Lixi Liang , Yi Ding , Xuemei Jian
Published: January 2024

To obtain the influence of anisotropy and energy evolution characteristics on wellbore stability, the acoustic and mechanical anisotropy characteristics of shales are studied through various experiments, including scanning electron microscopy, ultrasonic pulse transmission, and uniaxial compression experiments, with the Longmaxi Formation shale in the southern area of the Sichuan Basin as the research object. The energy evolution characteristics of the Longmaxi Formation shale under different bedding angles are analyzed. The influence of anisotropy on the wellbore stability of shale formation is discussed on this basis. The results show that the acoustic and mechanical parameters, failure mode, and energy evolution characteristics of shale have significant anisotropy. Furthermore, the P-wave and S-wave time differences decrease with an increase in bedding angle. The compressive strength and Poisson’s ratio decrease first and then increase with an increase in bedding angle. Meanwhile, the elastic modulus gradually increases with an increase in bedding angle. Rock samples with different bedding angles show diverse failure modes in mechanical tests, including splitting, shear, and shear-splitting failure. The total energy and elastic energy decrease first and then increase with an increase in bedding angle. Finally, the formation anisotropy affects the wellbore stability: the higher the formation anisotropy, the more vulnerable is the wellbore to instability.
Isolating the Drivers of Racial Inequities in Prostate Cancer Treatment
Authors: Hammarlund Noah , Holt Sarah K. , Basu Anirban , Etzioni Ruth , Morehead Danté , Lee Jenney R. , Wolff Erika M. , Gore John L. , Nyame Yaw A.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Black individuals in the United States are less likely than White individuals to receive curative therapies despite a 2-fold higher risk of prostate cancer death. While research has described treatment inequities, few studies have investigated underlying causes.

Methods:

We analyzed a cohort of 40,137 Medicare beneficiaries (66 and older) linked to the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry who had clinically significant, non-metastatic (cT1-4N0M0, grade group 2–5) prostate cancer (diagnosed 2010–2015). Using the Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, we assessed the contributions of patient health and health care delivery on the racial difference in localized prostate cancer treatments (radical prostatectomy or radiation). Patient health consisted of comorbid diagnoses, tumor characteristics, SEER site, diagnosis year, and age. Health care delivery was captured as a prediction model with these health variables as predictors of treatment, reflecting current treatment patterns.

Results:

A total of 72.1% and 78.6% of Black and White patients received definitive treatment, respectively, a difference of 6.5 percentage points. An estimated 15% [95% confidence interval (CI): 6–24] of this treatment difference was explained by measured differences in patient health, leaving the remaining estimated 85% (95% CI: 74–94) attributable to a potentially broad range of health care delivery factors. Limitations included insufficient data to explore how specific health care delivery factors, including structural racism and social determinants, impact differential treatment.

Conclusions:

Our results show the inadequacy of patient health differences as an explanation of the treatment inequity.

Impact:

Investing in studies and interventions that support equitable health care delivery for Black individuals with prostate cancer will contribute to improved outcomes.
Table S1 from Early Cancer Detection in Li–Fraumeni Syndrome with Cell-Free DNA
Authors: Wong Derek , Luo Ping , Oldfield Leslie E. , Gong Haifan , Brunga Ledia , Rabinowicz Ron , Subasri Vallijah , Chan Clarissa , Downs Tiana , Farncombe Kirsten M. , Luu Beatrice , Norman Maia , Sobotka Julia A. , Uju Precious , Eagles Jenna , Pedersen Stephanie , Wellum Johanna , Danesh Arnavaz , Prokopec Stephenie D. , Stutheit-Zhao Eric Y. , Znassi Nadia , Heisler Lawrence E. , Jovelin Richard , Lam Bernard , Lujan Toro Beatriz E. , Marsh Kayla , Sundaravadanam Yogi , Torti Dax , Man Carina , Goldenberg Anna , Xu Wei , Veit-Haibach Patrick , Doria Andrea S. , Malkin David , Kim Raymond H. , Pugh Trevor J.
Published: January 2024

Supplemental Table 1 – Sample Descriptions
Supplementary Fig 6 from Vitamin B6 Competition in the Tumor Microenvironment Hampers Antitumor Functions of NK Cells
Authors: He Chunbo , Wang Dezhen , Shukla Surendra K. , Hu Tuo , Thakur Ravi , Fu Xiao , King Ryan J. , Kollala Sai Sundeep , Attri Kuldeep S. , Murthy Divya , Chaika Nina V. , Fujii Yuki , Gonzalez Daisy , Pacheco Camila G. , Qiu Yudong , Singh Pankaj K. , Locasale Jason W. , Mehla Kamiya
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Figure S6 shows that PDAC cells maintain high metabolic rate of VB6 to support one-carbon metabolism and promote cell proliferation.
Supplementary Fig 2 from Vitamin B6 Competition in the Tumor Microenvironment Hampers Antitumor Functions of NK Cells
Authors: He Chunbo , Wang Dezhen , Shukla Surendra K. , Hu Tuo , Thakur Ravi , Fu Xiao , King Ryan J. , Kollala Sai Sundeep , Attri Kuldeep S. , Murthy Divya , Chaika Nina V. , Fujii Yuki , Gonzalez Daisy , Pacheco Camila G. , Qiu Yudong , Singh Pankaj K. , Locasale Jason W. , Mehla Kamiya
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Figure S2 shows that that VB6 supplementation and inhibition of Trp/Kyn metabolism enhance NK cell cytotoxicity and decreases PDAC tumor burden in vivo.
Table S4 from Quantifying the Expanding Landscape of Clinical Actionability for Patients with Cancer
Authors: Suehnholz Sarah P. , Nissan Moriah H. , Zhang Hongxin , Kundra Ritika , Nandakumar Subhiksha , Lu Calvin , Carrero Stephanie , Dhaneshwar Amanda , Fernandez Nicole , Xu Benjamin W. , Arcila Maria E. , Zehir Ahmet , Syed Aijazuddin , Brannon A. Rose , Rudolph Julia E. , Paraiso Eder , Sabbatini Paul J. , Levine Ross L. , Dogan Ahmet , Gao Jianjiong , Ladanyi Marc , Drilon Alexander , Berger Michael F. , Solit David B. , Schultz Nikolaus , Chakravarty Debyani
Published: January 2024

Table S4: Genes found to have limited to no clinical actionability (OncoKB Levels 3B or 4 as the highest level of clinical actionability, or no alteration with an OncoKB level) were categorized by 1. the gene/protein function and 2. assignment as an oncogene, tumor suppressor, both or neither per www.oncokb.org.
Table S1 from Quantifying the Expanding Landscape of Clinical Actionability for Patients with Cancer
Authors: Suehnholz Sarah P. , Nissan Moriah H. , Zhang Hongxin , Kundra Ritika , Nandakumar Subhiksha , Lu Calvin , Carrero Stephanie , Dhaneshwar Amanda , Fernandez Nicole , Xu Benjamin W. , Arcila Maria E. , Zehir Ahmet , Syed Aijazuddin , Brannon A. Rose , Rudolph Julia E. , Paraiso Eder , Sabbatini Paul J. , Levine Ross L. , Dogan Ahmet , Gao Jianjiong , Ladanyi Marc , Drilon Alexander , Berger Michael F. , Solit David B. , Schultz Nikolaus , Chakravarty Debyani
Published: January 2024

A list of oncology drugs first approved by the US FDA between January 1998 and November 2022, as well as the year each drug was first FDA approved, the class of agent and mechanism of action, and categorization of each drug as a targeted therapy (Y/N) and precision oncology therapy (Y/N) per definitions provided in the manuscript.
TABLE 1 from A Systems Biology Approach to Understand the Racial Disparities in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Nwaokorie Annabelle , Kolch Walter , Fey Dirk
Published: January 2024

Patient demographics and measured clinical variables. The MANTIS score is a score that predicts the patients MSI status. The higher the MANTIS score the greater is the chance that the patient has the MSI-H status (45, 56). The alternative event frequencies for APC, KRAS, TP53, and TTN are the somatically mutated genes across each cohort
Is Oral Streptococcus mutans with Collagen-Binding Protein a Risk Factor for Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture or Formation?
Authors: Nakatogawa Hirokazu , Hokamura Kazuya , Nomura Ryota , Nakano Kazuhiko , Umemura Kazuo , Morita Akio , Homma Yoichiro , Tanaka Tokutaro
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Streptococcus mutans (SM) with the collagen-binding protein Cnm is a unique member of the oral resident flora because it causes hemorrhagic vascular disorders. In the multicenter study, we examined the relationship between Cnm-positive SM (CP-SM) and intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture, which remains unknown. Methods: Between May 2013 and June 2018, we collected whole saliva samples from 431 patients with ruptured IAs (RIAs) and 470 patients with unruptured IAs (UIAs). Data were collected on age, sex, smoking and drinking habits, family history of subarachnoid hemorrhage, aneurysm size, number of teeth, and comorbidities of lifestyle disease. Results: There was no difference in the positivity rate of patients with CP-SM between the patients with RIAs (17.2%) and those with UIAs (19.4%). In subanalysis, the rate of positivity for CP-SM was significantly higher in all IAs <5 mm than in those ≥10 mm in diameter (p = 0.0304). In the entire cohort, the rate of positivity for CP-SM was lower in larger aneurysms than in smaller aneurysms (p = 0.0393). Conclusions: CP-SM was not involved in the rupture of UIAs. In the subanalysis, the possibility of its involvement in the formation of vulnerable aneurysms remained.
Predicting students' success level in an examination using advanced linear regression and extreme gradient boosting
Authors: Wahyuningsih Tri , Iriani Ade , Dwi Purnomo Hindriyanto , Sembiring Irwan
Published: January 2024

This research employs a hybrid approach, integrating advanced linear regression and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), to forecast student success rates in exams within the dynamic educational landscape. Utilizing Kaggle-sourced data, the study crafts a model amalgamating advanced linear regression and XGBoost, subsequently assessing its performance against the primary dataset. The findings showcase the model's efficacy, yielding an accuracy of 0.680 on the fifth test and underscoring its adeptness in predicting students' exam success. The discussion underscores XGBoost's prowess in managing data intricacies and non-linear features, complemented by advanced linear regression offering valuable coefficient interpretations for linear relationships. This research innovatively contributes by harmonizing two distinct methods to create a predictive model for students' exam success. The conclusion emphasizes the merits of an ensemble approach in refining prediction accuracy, recognizing, however, the study's limitations in terms of dataset constraints and external factors. In essence, this study enhances comprehension of predicting student success, offering educators insights to identify and support potentially struggling students.
Safeguarding data privacy: strategies to counteract internal and external hacking threats
Authors: Jamal Hassan , Ahmed Algeelani Nasir , Al-Sammarraie Najeeb
Published: January 2024

In the digital age, the protection of data privacy has become increasingly important. Hackers, whether internal or external to an organization, could cause significant damage by stealing sensitive data, causing financial loss, compromising the privacy of individuals, or damaging the organization's reputation. This scientific research aimed to make substantial contributions by emphasizing the importance of addressing both internal and external hacking threats to protect sensitive information. The main theme of their work revolved around building a multi-layered defense system that included technological solutions like firewalls, encryption, and intrusion detection systems. The specific goals of their design and development approach were to establish clear policies and procedures for data handling, access control, and incident response, as well as to enhance data privacy strategies to stay ahead of evolving hacking techniques. The authors also highlighted the significance of employee awareness and training programs, collaboration with cybersecurity experts, and staying up-to-date with regulatory requirements to create a robust data privacy framework.
Deep learning technique for plant disease detection
Authors: Samson Adekunle Temitope , Oladayo Lawrence Morolake , Omotayo Alabi Oluwaseyi , A. Afolorunso Adenrele , Nse Ebong Godwin , Abiola Oladipupo Matthew
Published: January 2024

A nation's economy is primarily reliant on agricultural growth. However, several plant diseases seriously impair crop growth, both in terms of quantity and quality. Due to a lack of subject matter specialists and low contrast data, accurate diagnosis of many diseases by hand is highly difficult and time-consuming. The farm management system is therefore looking for a method for automatically detecting early illnesses. To overcome these challenges and correctly classify the different diseases, an efficient and small deep learning-based framework (E-GreenNet) is proposed. A MobileNetV3Small model is used as the foundation of our end-to-end architecture to produce finely tuned, discriminative, and noticeable features. Furthermore, the new plant composite (PC), plantvillage (PV), and data repository of leaf images (DRLI) datasets are used to independently train our proposed model, and test samples are used to evaluate its actual performance. The suggested model achieved accuracy rates of 1.00 percent, 0.96 percent, and 0.99 percent on the given datasets after a rigorous experimental study. Additionally, a comparative investigation of our proposed technique against the state-of-the-art (SOTA) reveals extremely high discriminative scores.
Implementing lee's model to apply fuzzy time series in forecasting bitcoin price
Authors: Farida Yuniar , Ainiyah Lailatul
Published: January 2024

Over time, cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin have attracted investor's and speculators' interest. Bitcoin's dramatic rise in value in recent years has caught the attention of many who see it as a promising investment asset. After all, Bitcoin investment is inseparable from Bitcoin price volatility that investors must mitigate. This research aims to use Lee's Fuzzy Time Series approach to forecast the price of Bitcoin. A time series analysis method called Lee's Fuzzy Time Series to get around ambiguity and uncertainty in time series data. Ching-Cheng Lee first introduced this approach in his research on time series prediction. This method is a development of several previous fuzzy time series (FTS) models, namely Song and Chissom and Cheng and Chen. According to most previous studies, Lee's model was stated to be able to convey more precise forecasting results than the classic model from the FTS. This study used first and second orders, where researchers obtained error values from the first order of 5.419% and the second order of 4.042%, which means that the forecasting results are excellent. But of both orders, only the first order can be used to predict the next period's Bitcoin price. In the second order, the resulting relations in the next period do not have groups in their fuzzy logical relationship group (FLRG), so they can not predict the price in the next period. This study contributes to considering investors and the general public as a factor in keeping, selling, or purchasing cryptocurrencies.
Hybrid model for detection of brain tumor using convolution neural networks
Authors: K. Bhagyalaxmi , Dwarakanath B.
Published: January 2024

The development of aberrant brain cells, some of which may turn cancerous, is known as a brain tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are the most common technique for finding brain tumors. Information about the aberrant tissue growth in the brain is discernible from the MRI scans. In numerous research papers, machine learning, and deep learning algorithms are used to detect brain tumors. It takes extremely little time to forecast a brain tumor when these algorithms are applied to MRI pictures, and better accuracy makes it easier to treat patients. The radiologist can make speedy decisions because of this forecast. The proposed work creates a hybrid convolution neural networks (CNN) model using CNN for feature extraction and logistic regression (LR). The pre-trained model visual geometry group 16 (VGG16) is used for the extraction of features. To reduce the complexity and parameters to train we eliminated the last eight layers of VGG16. From this transformed model the features are extracted in the form of a vector array. These features fed into different machine learning classifiers like support vector machine (SVM), naïve bayes (NB), LR, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), AdaBoost, and random forest for training and testing. The performance of different classifiers is compared. The CNN-LR hybrid combination outperformed the remaining classifiers. The evaluation measures such as recall, precision, F1-score, and accuracy of the proposed CNN-LR model are 94%, 94%, 94%, and 91% respectively.
Construyendo audiencias y comunicando sustentabilidad: Lecciones de la Teoría situacional de los públicos
Authors: Moo Canul María de Jesús
Published: January 2024

La comunicación ambiental y turística en espacios protegidos es esencial para promover la sustentabilidad. Se utilizó la Teoría situacional de los públicos para abordar los fenómenos comunicativos en el turismo, siguiendo un método de revisión teórica multidisciplinaria. Se encontró que la construcción de audiencias se ve influenciada por la metáfora del intérprete, el contexto comunicativo y los medios digitales. La Teoría situacional de los públicos brinda un marco sólido para estrategias efectivas, considerando medios digitales y enfoques actualizados.
Ética, responsabilidad y libertad: de la teoría organizacional a la reflexión filosófica. Estudio de videos corporativos de Netflix dirigidos a stakeholders
Authors: Lincoln Strange Isabel , Vega Astorga Miriam Josefina , Vega Arévalo Angélica Beatriz de la
Published: January 2024

En esta investigación se evalúa la pertinencia de la teoría de M. Bajtín en el estudio del actuar ético y responsable de una organización streaming a través del análisis de sus videos corporativos públicos. Nos interesa establecer que los actos éticos se vinculan con los estéticos (creativos) y se reflejan en este tipo de videos en cualquier organización. En este caso, por su naturaleza streaming, estos contenidos audiovisuales también están dirigidos a stakeholders y al público en general.
Albuminuria: An Underappreciated Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Barzilay Joshua I , Farag Youssef M. K. , Durthaler Jeffrey
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT: Albuminuria, an established biomarker of the progression of chronic kidney disease, is also recognized as a biomarker for the risk of cardiovascular disease. Elevated urinary albumin excretion indicates kidney damage and systemic vascular disease, including myocardial capillary disease and arterial stiffness. Albuminuria is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, arrhythmias, and microvascular disease. There are now several therapeutic agents that can lead to albuminuria lowering and a reduction in cardiovascular risk. However, screening for albuminuria is still low. Considering the importance of multidisciplinary management of patients with cardiovascular disease, it is crucial that health care professionals managing such patients are aware of the benefits of albuminuria surveillance and management.
Novel UV‐B Phototherapy With a Light‐Emitting Diode Device Prevents Atherosclerosis by Augmenting Regulatory T‐Cell Responses in Mice
Authors: Tanaka Toru , Sasaki Naoto , Krisnanda Aga , Shinohara Masakazu , Amin Hilman Zulkifli , Horibe Sayo , Ito Ken , Iwaya Motoaki , Fukunaga Atsushi , Hirata Ken‐ichi , Rikitake Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2024

Background

Ultraviolet B (UV‐B) irradiation is an effective treatment for human cutaneous disorders and was shown to reduce experimental atherosclerosis by attenuating immunoinflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of specific wavelengths of UV‐B on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanisms focusing on immunoinflammatory responses.

Methods and Results

Based on light‐emitting diode technology, we developed novel devices that can emit 282 nm UV‐B, which we do not receive from natural sunlight, 301 nm UV‐B, and clinically available 312 nm UV‐B. We irradiated 6‐week‐old male atherosclerosis‐prone
Apoe
−/−
(apolipoprotein E‐deficient) mice with specific wavelengths of UV‐B and evaluated atherosclerosis and immunoinflammatory responses by performing histological analysis, flow cytometry, biochemical assays, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry‐based lipidomics. Irradiation of 282 nm UV‐B but not 301 or 312 nm UV‐B significantly reduced the development of aortic root atherosclerotic plaques and plaque inflammation. This atheroprotection was associated with specifically augmented immune responses of anti‐inflammatory CD4
+
Foxp3 (forkhead box P3)
+
regulatory T cells in lymphoid tissues, whereas responses of other immune cells were not substantially affected. Analysis of various lipid mediators revealed that 282 nm UV‐B markedly increased the ratio of proresolving to proinflammatory lipid mediators in the skin.

Conclusions

We demonstrated that 282 nm UV‐B irradiation effectively reduces aortic inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis by systemically augmenting regulatory T‐cell responses and modulating the balance between proresolving and proinflammatory lipid mediators in the skin. Our findings indicate that a novel 282 nm UV‐B phototherapy could be an attractive approach to treat atherosclerosis.
Modeling Land–Atmosphere Interactions over Semiarid Plains in Morocco: In-Depth Assessment of GCM Stretched-Grid Simulations Using In Situ Data
Authors: Arjdal Khadija , Vignon Étienne , Driouech Fatima , Chéruy Frédérique , Er-Raki Salah , Sima Adriana , Chehbouni Abdelghani , Drobinski Philippe
Published: January 2024

Land surface–atmosphere interactions are a key component of climate modeling. They are particularly critical to understand and anticipate the climate and the water resources over the semiarid and arid North African regions. This study uses in situ observations to assess the ability of the IPSL-CM global climate model to simulate the land–atmosphere interactions over the Moroccan semiarid plains. A specific configuration with a grid refinement over the Haouz Plain, near Marrakech, and nudging outside Morocco has been performed to properly assess the model’s performances. To ensure reliable model–observation comparisons despite the fact that station measurements are not representative of a mesh-size area, we carried out experiments with adapted vegetation properties. Results show that the CMIP6 version of the model’s physics represents the near-surface climate over the Haouz Plain reasonably well. Nonetheless, the simulation exhibits a nocturnal warm bias, and the wind speed is overestimated in tree-covered meshes and underestimated in the wheat-covered region. Further sensitivity experiments reveal that LAI-dependent parameterization of roughness length leads to a strong surface wind drag and to underestimated land surface atmosphere thermal coupling. Setting the roughness heights to the observed values improves the wind speed and, to a lesser extent, the nocturnal temperature. A low bias in latent heat flux and soil moisture coinciding with a pronounced diurnal warm bias at the surface is still present in our simulations. Including a first-order irrigation parameterization yields more realistic simulated evapotranspiration flux and daytime skin surface temperatures. This result raises the importance of accounting for the irrigation process in present and future climate simulations over Moroccan agricultural areas.
Assimilation of Satellite Lightning Data in a Storm-Scale Numerical Weather Prediction System Using a 3D-EnVar Data Assimilation Scheme
Authors: Combarnous Pauline , Martet Maud , Caumont Olivier , Defer Éric
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study is to prepare the assimilation of the Meteosat Third Generation Lightning Imager (MTG-LI) observations in the regional numerical weather prediction model AROME-France using a 3D-EnVar data assimilation algorithm. As opposed to the current operational configuration of AROME-France data assimilation system, the hydrometeor specific contents are added in the control variable and are thus updated during the assimilation process. Consequently, a lightning observation operator based on the specific contents of snow and graupel is used. As the first MTG satellite was launched in December 2022, the real MTG-LI observations are not available yet, and proxy spaceborne lightning observations generated from ground-based lightning detection network are used. We assess the forecast skills of experiments assimilating lightning in a close to operational configuration by comparing the results to a reference experiment that does not assimilate lightning. In the studied cases, the frequency bias and fraction skill score are improved for brightness temperatures forecasts lower than 280 K up to 4 h after the assimilation, implying a better description of the general cloud cover. The convective cores, identified by brightness temperatures lower than 220 K, are better captured in the first forecast hour but this improvement is not maintained through time and quickly fades.
Subseasonal Variability of U.S. Coastal Sea Level from MJO and ENSO Teleconnection Interference
Authors: Arcodia Marybeth C. , Becker Emily , Kirtman Ben P.
Published: January 2024

Climate variability affects sea levels as certain climate modes can accelerate or decelerate the rising sea level trend, but subseasonal variability of coastal sea levels is underexplored. This study is the first to investigate how remote tropical forcing from the MJO and ENSO impact subseasonal U.S. coastal sea level variability. Here, composite analyses using tide gauge data from six coastal regions along the U.S. East and West Coasts reveal influences on sea level anomalies from both the MJO and ENSO. Tropical MJO deep convection forces a signal that results in U.S. coastal sea level anomalies that vary based on MJO phase. Further, ENSO is shown to modulate both the MJO sea level response and background state of the teleconnections. The sea level anomalies can be significantly enhanced or weakened by the MJO-associated anomaly along the East Coast due to constructive or destructive interference with the ENSO-associated anomaly, respectively. The West Coast anomaly is found to be dominated by ENSO. We examine physical mechanisms by which MJO and ENSO teleconnections impact coastal sea levels and find consistent relationships between low-level winds and sea level pressure that are spatially varying drivers of the variability. Two case studies reveal how MJO and ENSO teleconnection interference played a role in notable coastal flooding events. Much of the focus on sea level rise concerns the long-term trend associated with anthropogenic warming, but on shorter time scales, we find subseasonal climate variability has the potential to exacerbate the regional coastal flooding impacts.

Significance Statement

Coastal flooding due to sea level rise is increasingly threatening communities, but natural fluctuations of coastal sea levels can exacerbate the human-caused sea level rise trend. This study assesses the role of tropical influences on coastal subseasonal (2 weeks–3 months) sea level heights. Further, we explore the mechanisms responsible, particularly for constructive interference of signals contributing to coastal flooding events. Subseasonal signals amplify or suppress the lower-frequency signals, resulting in higher or lower sea level heights than those expected from known climate modes (e.g., ENSO). Low-level onshore winds and reduced sea level pressure connected to the tropical phenomena are shown to be indicators of increased U.S. coastal sea levels, and vice versa. Two case studies reveal how MJO and ENSO teleconnection interference played a role in notable coastal flooding events. Much of the focus on sea level rise concerns the long-term trend associated with anthropogenic warming, but on shorter time scales, we find subseasonal climate variability has the potential to exacerbate the regional coastal flooding impacts.
Spare the Needle, Discharge the Child: Trending Post-Op Labs After Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Pediatric Patients Is Not Helpful
Authors: Patterson James W. , Niebler Jacob A. P. , Cambronero Gabriel E. , Sanin Gloria D. , Bosley Maggie E. , Reid Garrett , Ganapathy Aravindh , Rauh Jess , Ladd Mitchell , Pranikoff Tom , Sieren Leah M. , Petty John K. , Neff Lucas P.
Published: January 2024

Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) utility in management of choledocholithiasis may decrease length of stay and patient cost, but postoperative management remains widely debated. We examined periprocedural LFTs for patients undergoing LCBDE and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) speculating for trend existence after successful LCBDE. We hypothesized that postoperative LCBDE LFTs would not downtrend even after successful ductal clearance. We identified 99 patients under 18 who underwent ERCP or LCBDE with at least one pre- and post-procedural LFT. Periprocedural LFTs between groups were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. The 22 ERCP patients demonstrated a significant downtrend across Tbili ( P < .001), AST ( P = .001), ALT ( P = .002), and ALP ( P < .001). The 27 LCBDE patients demonstrated a significant downtrend in Tbili ( P = .002) only, while AST ( P > .05), ALT ( P > .05), and ALP ( P > .05) were nonsignificant. Lack of consistent downtrend in the LCBDE group raises doubt regarding the utility of postoperative LFTs for post-procedural management.
Unveiling the Relationship Between Oil Price and Exchange Rate: New Insight from Time-varying Versus Fixed Coefficient Cointegration
Authors: Sharma Akhil , Gupta Sanjeev , Rishad Abdul
Published: January 2024

This study provides a brief analysis of time-varying cointegration between the INR–USD bilateral exchange rate and Brent crude oil prices in the post–subprime crisis period. Prior studies established this relationship using the assumption that the long-run relation is intertemporally constant. However, there is much recent evidence demonstrating that this assumption may not be feasible. To address this issue and to go beyond the restrictive time-invariant environment, we employed the time-varying cointegration framework of Bierens and Martins (2010) , which was assessed through orthogonal Chebyshev time polynomials. The result shows that the Rupee was decoupled from oil price shocks in the first two samples. However, the oil price pass-through effect will become stronger in the third and fourth samples. The endogenous structural break test suggests the presence of serious parameter instabilities due to fluctuations in oil prices and the exchange rate over the period under study. This indicates the ability of international crude oil prices to influence domestic economic activities through the exchange rate. Policymakers should consider this factor while making monetary and foreign exchange policies.

JEL Codes: E44, G14, G15
Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Compassion for Others: The Mediated Effect of Perceived Social Support and Psychological Resilience
Authors: Ma Jialan , Xiao Qianguo
Published: January 2024

Studies from individualistic cultural contexts have shown there were no or negative significant correlation between self-compassion and compassion (for others). However, there may be a closer association between them in a collectivism and Buddhism culture. This study randomly selected 441 college students in China and used measures of self-compassion, trait compassion (compassion for others), psychological resilience, and perceiving social support to investigate this relationship. The results showed a moderately positive correlation between self-compassion and compassion. Further chain-mediation analyses revealed that self-compassion not only directly predicted compassion for others but also indirectly influenced it through the mediating effects of perceiving social support and psychological resilience. The results of this study suggest that the quality of compassion may be significantly influenced by culture.
Kialo Edu
Authors: Mei Bing , Xiong Peipei , Xu Hongyu
Published: January 2024

Online discussion has been widely used as a tool to support language learning. However, to date, there still remain many challenges for language teachers to efficacy of online discussion. This technology review provides a quick view of Kialo Edu, an online debate platform. It emphasizes the platform’s utility in enhancing critical thinking, writing skills, and collaboration among language learners.
Improved YOLOv5-based image detection of cotton impurities
Authors: Hu Daojie , Liu Xiangjun , Xu Jian
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the embedded devices with limited resources and the characteristics of small and scattered distribution of cotton impurities, which cause the problems of low degree of accuracy and slow speed during detection, we propose the GBM-YOLOv5 lightweight cotton impurities detection model. First, the open-source software LabelImg was used to classify and label the targets in order to construct a dataset of cotton mottled images. Second, because of the lightweight structure of the Ghost module, the original CSP structure was replaced by the GhostBottleneck composed of the Ghost module, which effectively reduced the number of parameters and computation of the model. After the Ghost module, finally, a SoftPool structure was introduced in the SPP module to improve the pooling operation and retain more detailed feature information. Final results validate that the average detection accuracy of GBM-YOLOv5 was improved by 2.59% compared to YOLOv5 and 5.79% compared to YOLOv4 by training different network models on the well-constructed dataset. The model can meet the practical requirements of cotton industrial production and better improve the purity of cotton.
John Witherspoon and the Abolitionist Travail
Authors: Wilentz Sean
Published: January 2024

The historian Benjamin Quarles emphasized that comprehending American slavery's history requires recognizing the concurrent rise of the antislavery movement. This connection between John Witherspoon and slavery necessitates examining his involvement in the broader context of the transformative antislavery revolution during the era of Atlantic democratic revolutions.
Measuring Travel Insurance Literacy: Effect on Trust in Providers and Intention to Purchase
Authors: Luna-Cortés Gonzalo , Brady Michael
Published: January 2024

Recent research suggests that some deficiencies in the insurance industry might be associated with tourists’ lack of knowledge. However, the literature does not present a tool that captures objective knowledge of travel insurance literacy. This research presents a comprehensive, multi-step scale development process resulting in a 15-item scale, which measures objective knowledge about travel insurance terms, regulations, and processes. The results show that travel insurance literacy is associated with trust in sellers. Although no relationship was found between travel insurance literacy and perceived travel risks, these two constructs influence purchase intention. The results also show that there is no relationship between subjective knowledge (self-assessment literacy) and objective knowledge (ratings on the scale). Hence, the research presents a new measurement tool that differs from self-assessment scales prevailing in the tourism literature, opening new opportunities for literacy constructs in the field. Finally, the findings present key managerial implications for the insurance industry.
Investigation of Two Preliminary Analysis-Altering Elements: Ordinate Scaling and DPPXYR
Authors: Peltier Corey , McKenna John William , van Dijk Wilhelmina
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this pre-registered study (Peltier & McKenna) was to conceptually replicate if the truncation of the ordinate and DPPXYR increased analysts’ estimation of a functional relation and magnitude of treatment effect. Visual analysts ( n = 27) evaluated eight data sets reporting null ( n = 2), small ( n = 2), moderate ( n = 2), and large ( n = 2) effects. Each data set was graphed six times with manipulations of the ordinate and DPPXYR, resulting in 48 ABAB graphs. We estimated two separate three-level mixed effect models with variations nested in datasets and nested in participants to evaluate the impact of graph characteristics for (1) confidence in determining a functional relation and (2) the estimated magnitude of the treatment effect. We included ordinate scaling and DPPXYR at level 1 and graph effect size at level 2, including all interactions. Overall, graph manipulation consistently did not impact confidence in a functional relation. Results suggest mixed findings for graph manipulation on the estimated magnitude of the treatment effect. Findings will be couched in current literature and recommendations for graph construction and future research will be discussed.
From Organizing Medicine to Cooking With More Leafy Greens: A Dyadic, Qualitative Analysis of How Older African American Couples Take Care of Each Other’s Health
Authors: Rauer Amy , Cooke Wendy McLean , Haselschwerdt Megan , Winters-Stone Kerri , Hornbuckle Lyndsey
Published: January 2024

Guided by the Dyadic Theory of Illness Management, we explored spousal health management behaviors and their congruence within seventeen older African American married couples participating in a dyadic exercise intervention. Both prior to and after the intervention, spouses reported how they took care of their partner’s health as well as what their partner did for them. Data were analyzed using theoretical thematic analysis, and five health management behaviors domains were identified (diet, exercise, self-care, medical compliance, relationship maintenance). Both partners were most likely to encourage healthier diets and exercise. Wives tended to report more behaviors compared to husbands. Couples had little congruence in their appraisals of each other’s health management behaviors, and patterns were stable over time. Findings suggest incongruence in couples’ health management behaviors represented complementary, collaborative efforts to support each other and that husbands may underestimate how much care they both provide to and receive from their wives.
Microdosing psychedelics and the risk of cardiac fibrosis and valvulopathy: Comparison to known cardiotoxins
Authors: Rouaud Antonin , Calder Abigail E. , Hasler Gregor
Published: January 2024

Though microdosing psychedelics has become increasingly popular, its long-term effects on cardiac health remain unknown. Microdosing most commonly involves ingesting sub-threshold doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, or other psychedelic drugs 2–4 times a week for at least several weeks, but potentially months or years. Concerningly, both LSD and psilocybin share structural similarities with medications which raise the risk of cardiac fibrosis and valvulopathy when taken regularly, including methysergide, pergolide, and fenfluramine. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, which is also reportedly used for microdosing, is likewise associated with heart valve damage when taken chronically. In this review, we evaluate the evidence that microdosing LSD, psilocybin, and other psychedelics for several months or more could raise the risk of cardiac fibrosis. We discuss the relationship between drug-induced cardiac fibrosis and the 5-HT2B receptor, and we make recommendations for evaluating the safety of microdosing psychedelics in future studies.
Enacting biosocial complexity: Stress, epigenetic biomarkers and the tools of postgenomics
Authors: Chiapperino Luca
Published: January 2024

This article analyses attempts to enact complexity in postgenomic experimentations using the case of epigenetic research on biomarkers of psychosocial stress. Enacting complexity in this research means dissecting multiple so-called biosocial processes of health differentiation in the face of stressful experiences. To characterize enactments of biosocial complexity, the article develops the concepts of complexity work and complexification. The former emphasizes the social, technical, and material work that goes into the production of mixed biological and social representations of stress in epigenetics. The latter underlines how complexity can be assembled differently across distinct configurations of experimental work. Specifically, complexification can be defined as producing, stabilizing, and normalizing novel experimental systems that are supposed to improve techno-scientific enactments of complexity. In the case of epigenetics, complexification entails a reconfiguration of postgenomic experimental systems in ways that some actors deem ‘better’ at enacting health as a biosocial process. This study of complexity work and complexification shows that biosocial complexity is hardly a univocal enterprise in epigenetics. Consequently, the article calls for abandoning analysis of these research practices using clear-cut dichotomies of reductionism vs. holism, as well as simplicity vs. complexity. More broadly, the article suggests the relevance of a sociology of complexification for STS approaches to complexity in scientific practices. Complementing the existing focus on complexity as instrumental rhetoric in contemporary sciences, complexification directs analytical attention to the pragmatic opportunities that alternative (biosocial) complexities offer to collective, societal, and political thinking about science in society.
Cumulative exposure to estrogen may increase the risk of migraine in women
Authors: Bugge Nora Stensland , Grøtta Vetvik Kjersti , Alstadhaug Karl Bjørnar , Braaten Tonje
Published: January 2024

Background

Migraine is a common disorder, particularly affecting women during their reproductive years. This female preponderance has been linked to exposure to female sex hormones.

Methods

We used self-reported data from women born in 1943–1965 enrolled in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study to examine the differences between women with migraine and women without migraine in a prospective design with respect to both endogenous and exogenous female sex hormone exposure.

Results

In total, 62,959 women were included in the study, of whom 24.8% reported previous migraine (n = 15,635). Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we found that higher age at menarche reduced the risk of migraine (hazards ratio (HR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95–0.98) and that oral contraceptive use and parity increased the risk of migraine (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.06–1.18 and HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.29–1.46, respectively).

Conclusions

Older age at menarche appears to reduce migraine risk, whereas oral contraceptive use and having children appear to increase the risk. Further research is required to investigate the causality of these associations.
Integrated Overtaking Model and Safety Analysis for Truck Platooning Requirements on Two-Lane Undivided Highways
Authors: (Fred) Song Yu
Published: January 2024

Truck platooning is a promising solution for enhancing efficiency and reducing fuel consumption in freight transportation. However, overtaking truck platoons poses safety challenges that need to be addressed. This paper employs an overtaking model incorporating lane change dynamics, and a collision risk assessment to evaluate the safety risks involved in overtaking truck platoons. The safety assessment is presented through a numerical analysis that considers three aspects: roadway geometry, traffic conditions, and driver behavior. Scenarios representing different truck platoon lengths, driver behavior, and opposing traffic conditions are evaluated, highlighting their impact on safety. Two major findings from the assessment are that the overtaking distance and time increase linearly as the truck platoon length increases, and potential driver hesitation and the presence of opposing vehicles are shown to increase collision risks. Safety implications are that the length of truck platoons needs to be regulated on two-lane undivided highways; and driver behavior should be considered in the safety assessment and regulation of truck platooning, but further investigations are needed. From the perspective of overtaking, this paper emphasizes the need for safety guidelines and regulations for truck platooning. Policymakers, transportation agencies, and industry stakeholders may utilize the findings to establish standardized safety measures and protocols.
Pool boiling simulation using molecular dynamics approach: Comparing the effectiveness of adding nanoparticles versus creating porous nanostructures
Authors: Hajebzadeh Hamed , Abedini Ehsan , Adibi Pouyan , Hosseini Mohammad
Published: January 2024

This paper presents the pool boiling process of argon atoms on the copper surface by employing molecular dynamics simulation. Through the application of molecular dynamics simulation, this study explores three cases: the plain surface, and adding platinum and aluminum nanoparticles to the argon fluid. The main objective is to offer a comprehensive comparative analysis to highlight the significance and innovation of this research. The investigation aims to assess the effectiveness of two methods for improving heat transfer: the addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid and the creation of porous nanostructure. By subjecting these approaches to identical simulation conditions, an enthralling evaluation unfolds. The simulation framework is first validated, and then the results are presented and compared with the case of creating porous geometry. The results reveal that while the evaporation rate has a similar impact in both cases, creating porous geometry results in a 3.68% higher argon temperature compared to adding nanoparticles. On the other hand, adding nanoparticles enhances the maximum heat flux by approximately 15% more than creating porous geometry. This research compares two approaches to offer valuable investigations and insights into enhancing heat transfer efficiency due to the growing demand for strategies that promote heat transfer.