bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Shari'ah economic learning model through virtual learning: Initiatives and challenges
Authors: Nursaid Nursaid , Faisol Mukhammad , Rahman Anisur
Published: December 2023

The success of Sharia economics is contingent upon adhering to the principles of Islamic economics in all its actions. Because of this, it is essential to get a complete understanding through Sharia economic education, which covers many vital principles that greatly help the growth of national character education with an Islamic focus. Nevertheless, empirical evidence indicates that students must still strive to enhance their capacity to articulate and comprehend real-world phenomena and analyse solutions to societal issues through the lens of Sharia economics. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive Sharia economic learning model for students in the Department of Economic Education at the Muhammadiyah University of Jember. The model will enable students to accurately describe and analyse real-life phenomena and provide interpretations and solutions based on the principles of Sharia economics. The study methodology employed is a descriptive approach aimed at elucidating the research findings derived from the respondents and field observations, utilising both primary and secondary data sources. The research will extensively explore the findings related to comprehending Sharia economic material through a direct learning methodology. The article will also highlight the necessary efforts required to optimise the research's objectives.
Helping young children believe by exposing Asmaul Husna through learning media
Authors: Zamzam Rohimi , Usmiyatun Usmiyatun , Suharsiwi Suharsiwi , Olawale Locus Son
Published: December 2023

Asmaul Husna is a practical way to study faith. The magnificent name of Allah, Asmaul Husna, signifies his divine eloquence. The goal of learning Asmaul Husna is to teach youngsters faith. Youngsters are expected to adopt Asmaul Husna by learning Allah's beautiful names and characteristics. This project will be more accessible with learning media. This study seeks to determine the best methods for teaching young children Asmaul Husna. This study used a systematic review of relevant literature from 2013 to 2023 in respectable publications. Researchers methodically collected data from several current sources to learn about their topic. The data comes from Mendeley-indexed and validated books, theses, journals, and articles from credible websites. The search focused on "early childhood learning," "Asmaul Husna learning," "Asmaul Husna learning for early childhood," "Asmaul Husna learning with learning media," and "Asmaul Husna learning for early childhood with the assistance of learning media." Early childhood education should reflect the child's environment's philosophy, theology, and religion. Religious education examines religion and its practical application in daily life. Children learn faith in Allah SWT through religion. Asmaul Husna teaches the faith. Children struggle with abstract religious values. Teachers must know the media to introduce Asmaul Husna. The research shows that youngsters can learn about Asmaul Husna through various instructional approaches.
Pizza Vs. PJBL: How mathematics learning media improves high school students creative thinking on trigonometric function limits
Authors: Darmayanti Rani , Choirudin Choirudin , Hadiroh Saidah , Sumani Sumani , Naim Muhammad Ainun , Aidha Adinda Syalsabilla
Published: December 2023

Math learning issues come when the instructor provides information and then gives practice questions. The teacher then checks students' understanding. Most students ignored him or glanced in both ways. This is because students dread making mistakes. The fear of expressing one's opinion incorrectly, admitting ignorance, being criticised by peers, being disciplined by instructors, and being attacked. This psychological condition hinders creativity. An investigation examined the requirement for a PjBL-based PIZZA learning medium for trigonometric function restrictions to improve students' creative thinking. The study sought to uncover student problems and needs during learning. This research and development project uses four methodologies in four dimensions. This research provides pizza-themed material in vivid buffalo paper "love" shapes for offline viewing. Pizza toppings like peppers, broccoli, mushrooms, and sausage symbolise creativity and analysis. Another group includes religious questions that teach students perseverance, diligence, and self-confidence. These questions can help educators detect learning obstacles and encourage trigonometric function limitation innovation. This research needs improvement to analyse students' and instructors' needs. Student surveys and teacher interviews at a Pasuruan middle school assessed academic challenges and media usage offline. Teacher interviews say pupils must be creative learners. In the survey, 37.5% of students required assistance understanding trigonometric function bounds. It also shows that kids need pizza to learn arithmetic.
The fundamentals of Islamic religious education in inclusive schools meet special needs children's PAI issues
Authors: Pandia Weny Safitri S. , Lee Sultan , Khan Samuel
Published: December 2023

Education is a profound and essential process that enables individuals to achieve success in their social lives and various other domains. Designed specifically for children with impairments or special needs (ABK), children with exceptional needs require increased supervision and customized educational assistance. This study aims to acquire a comprehensive understanding of the educational journey of children with disabilities in inclusive educational settings. The research will utilize the literature review research methodology, with a specific emphasis on pertinent studies published in reputable publications between 2013 and 2023. This study analyzes and assesses previous research on Islamic religious education in inclusive schools. It aims to apply relevant theories to clarify the concept or representation that is formed via the process of generalizing understanding. Theory, in essence, provides a succinct depiction of empirical generalizations and the interrelationships among many premises. These claims are based on explicit assumptions, encompassing both those that will be scrutinized and those that have already been recognized. The findings revealed that by adopting an inclusive school paradigm, children with special needs can avail themselves of equivalent educational chances as their typically developing peers. Moreover, this essay will explore the precise tactics for converting an inclusive school into a setting where kids with special needs can participate in both educational and recreational pursuits without facing any kind of prejudice.
Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Ovarian Cancers: 5-Year Review in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Dy Echo, Ana Victoria , Luna Jericho Thaddeus
Published: December 2023

As ovarian cancer is increasingly diagnosed among reproductive aged women, fertility sparing surgery (FSS) becomes an important management option. Objective: A five-year (2005-2009) retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital to determine the fertility and clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer patients who underwent FSS. Methodology: Patients 16-40 years old who underwent FSS were evaluated. Review of medical records was done to determine clinic-surgico-pathologic demographics. Menstrual, fertility and clinical outcomes were the main outcomes measured. Results: Forty-four cases (mean age 24 years) were evaluated: 27 epithelial tumors, 16 germ cell tumors and 1 sex cord stromal tumor. Forty-one cases (93.18%) were stage I, while 3 cases (6.82%) had advanced stages. Complete surgical staging was done in 19 (43.18%) patients. At the end of treatment, all patients had restoration of menses 1-2 months after initial surgery with no significant interruption in menses among the 7 patients given platinum-based chemotherapy. There were 15 pregnancies (83.33%), with 2 patients having 2 pregnancies each. There were only 5 patients (27.78%) with infertility, 3 of which already had infertility prior to the surgery. There were 8 (18.18%) cases of tumor persistence/recurrence, all of which were malignant germ cell tumors without adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that FSS is a safe and acceptable treatment for reproductive-age women, particular those less than 30 years old with no history of infertility, with either stage I epithelial tumors (low malignant potential and frank carcinoma) or malignant germ cell tumors with assured adjuvant chemotherapy. Key words: fertility-sparing surgery, ovarian cancer
Prolapsed Rectal Fibrosarcoma in a Young Male
Authors: Gonzalez John Paul , Lopez Marc Paul , Roxas Manuel Francisco
Published: December 2023

Rectal sarcomas are rare tumors. Following is a report on a 28 yearold male who presented with an irreducible prolapsed rectal tumor. The discussion focuses on the work-up, surgical management and adjuvant treatment of the case. Key words: sarcoma, neoplasm, rectal disease, surgery
Bethanechol Chloride for the Prevention of Postoperative Urinary Retention After Anal Surgery Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Uy Billy James , Yu Blas Anthony , Torillo Maila Rose , Romero Don Arlie
Published: December 2023

Background: Postoperative urinary retention is a commonly encountered problem after anal surgery particularly under spinal anesthesia. Bethanechol chloride, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist was used to determine whether it could prevent this problem. Methods: One hundred six patients with mean age of 37 ± 9 who underwent anal surgery under spinal anesthesia from January to August 2007 were included in this nonblinded randomized prospective experimental study. Forty-six patients were given bethanechol chloride 25mg/tab 1 hour post-op then another dose after 4-6 hours. Intravenous fluid was limited to <750 ml perioperatively and patients were asked to void within 6-8 hours post-op. Those with the urge to void but unable to do so within the hour or had hypogastric pain (VAS > 8) were immediately catheterized and the amount drained recorded. Results: The study showed that the number of patients catheterized in the bethanechol group was significantly lower (6.52% vs 23.33%, P=0.038) and the mean amount of urine drained was less than the control (<400cc, P=0.001). Using Z test, the proportion of patients catheterized in the bethanechol group was significantly lower than the control (P=0.0097). No significant relationship was noted between the patient's age (<50 or >50) and gender with regards to urinary retention (P=0.254 and P=0.187, respectively). The number needed to treat (NNT) showed that six patients treated with bethanechol are needed to prevent one patient from experiencing urinary retention. Conclusion: Although bethanechol chloride did not completely prevent the development of postoperative urinary retention, its use was associated with reduced need for catheterization. Key words: Bethanechol chloride, postoperative urinary retention, spinal anesthesia
Retrospective Study Comparing Outcomes of Open Antegrade and Open Retrograde Femoral Nailing Using the SIGN Nail in Philippine General Hospital Patients
Authors: Pacheco Wilfredo , Alpuerto Bernardino
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To compare the outcomes of open antegrade and retrograde intramedullary nailing of the femur using the Surgical Implant Generation Network (SIGN) nail in adult PGH patients. Methods: This is a retrospective review of adult patients with closed femoral shaft fractures who were treated using an interlocked intramedullary nail (SIGN nail). Fourty-two patients were treated by open antegrade nailing and 16 patients were treated by open retrograde nailing. The two groups were compared using the following outcomes: duration of surgery, amount of blood loss, length of hospital stay, infection rate, weight bearing time, union rate, malunion, knee and hip pain, neurovascular deficits, peri-implant fracture incidence and length of post-op hospital stay. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the duration of surgery between the antegrade nailing group compared to the retrograde nailing group. All the other outcome parameters were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion: Outcomes of femoral shaft fractures in adults treated by open antegrade nailing and open retrograde nailing using the SIGN nail are similar except for a slightly longer operative time for the retrograde nail group. Key words: open intramedullary nailing femur; retrograde nailing femur; SIGN nail
Plantar Fascia Specific Stretching Exercise vs. Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Chronic Proximal Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective, Randomized Study
Authors: Tablante Emiliano , Lim Chauncey Kester
Published: December 2023

A randomized trial was conducted to determine whether tissue specific plantar fascia-stretching program has a better functional outcome than corticosteroid injection in the management of patients with chronic proximal plantar fasciitis. Methods: Fifty-four patients who had chronic proximal plantar fasciitis for the duration of at least ten months were randomized into one of two treatment groups. The patients received instructions for a plantar fascia tissue-stretching program (Group A) or a dose of corticosteroid injection (Group B). All patients completed the pain subscale of the Foot Function Index and a subject-relevant outcome survey. Results: Overall, group A has lower pain levels and better improvement of function compared to Group B after treatment, P< 0.0001. Key words: plantar fasciitis, corticosteroid
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Using Methylene Blue Dye – The Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center Experience
Authors: Siguan Stephen Sixto , Castillo Ervin , Tagab Herbert , Baking Saleshe Tracy
Published: December 2023

Objective: To determine the accuracy of SLNB using methylene blue dye. Methods: Breast cancer patients consulting at the VSMMC Breast Center with biopsy proven adenocarcinoma of the breast, a Tis, T1, T2 or T3 primary breast tumor and clinically negative ipsilateral axilla by palpation and ultrasound, were included in the study. The subjects underwent either modified radical mastectomy or breast conservation therapy. Subareolar injection of 5 ml 1% methylene blue dye 5 minutes prior to sentinel lymph node biopsy. Three blue staining axillary lymph nodes were taken and sent to pathology for frozen section evaluation and after surgery, H & E staining. A completion axillary lymph node dissection was done in all patients. Accuracy of SLNB using methylene blue was calculated using final histopathology results as gold standard. Results: Twenty patients were included in this study. SLNB in this group had an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 95.0%, 83.3%, 100%, 100%, and 93.3%, respectively. The false negative rate is 6.7%. On the average, the SLNs were identified in 14 minutes. Conclusion: Sentinel lymph node dissection with methylene blue has an accuracy of 95% in the VSMMC Breast Center. Key words: sentinel lymph node biopsy, methylene blue dye, breast cancer
Premedication with Celecoxib Plus Tramadol and Intrarectal 2% Lidocaine vs Lidocaine Alone for Pain Control During Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arcayera John Mark , Garcia Lester , Bernardo Ponciano
Published: December 2023

Objective: Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy is the diagnostic of choice in detecting carcinoma of the prostate. The biopsy can be painful and many would refuse the procedure again without adequate analgesia. The combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids work synergistically in relieving pain. The investigators determined that the premedication of celecoxib and tramadol with 10ml intrarectal 2% lidocaine gel would significantly decrease the pain score of patients undergoing prostate biopsy compared to lidocaine gel alone. Methods: Thirty-one patients who underwent 12-core prostate biopsy were randomly assigned into two groups. The control received 10ml 2% intrarectal lidocaine gel alone and the experimental group was given celecoxib 400mg and tramadol 50 mg 2 hours before biopsy plus intrarectal lidocaine gel. Immediately after biopsy, patients were asked to rate the pain score using visual analog scale (VAS). Results: A total of 15 patients assigned for control group and 16 patients for the experimental group, showed similar characteristics in terms of age, prostate volume and prostate specific antigen (PSA) value. The overall mean pain score using visual analog pain scale was 4.1 +/- 1.7 in the experimental group compared to 5.5 +/- 1.9 in the control group with significant P value of 0.034 using chi-square test. There was a mean pain score decrease of 1.5 from the scale of 1 to 10 in the experimental group compared to the control. Conclusion: The addition of oral administration of celecoxib 400 mg and tramadol 50 mg 2 hours before intrarectal 10ml 2% lidocaine gel significantly reduced the pain experienced by patients during ultrasound guided prostate biopsy as compared to lidocaine gel alone. Key words: celecoxib, tramadol, lidocaine, transrectal ultrasound
Closed Antegrade Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fracture on a Radioluscent Table Using X-ray or Image Intensifier in a Delayed Setting
Authors: Pasion Mark , Abrahan Lauro , Bonifacio Lauro , Flavier Manolito
Published: December 2023

Closed intramedullary nailing is the standard treatment of femoral shaft fractures. This is done ideally using fracture table and C-arm. However, certain equipment is not always available in some hospitals especially in third world countries. The objective was to have an alternative technique to obtain closed method using X-ray or C-arm without fracture table even in a delayed setting. Design: Descriptive Study Methods: Patients with closed femoral shaft fracture admitted more than 3 days, distracted on balanced skeletal traction prior to closed antegrade intramedullary nailing with static locked from July 2008 to October 2010. Surgery was done in lateral decubitus position on a radioluscent table. Closed reduction was verified using X-ray or C-arm if available. Number of days prior to surgery, surgical time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and cases of non union were recorded. Results: Ninety-six patients underwent closed nailing without fracture table; 78 were reduced via closed method, 44 in Group A (X-ray) and 34 in Group B (Image intensifier). Nine on each group failed via closed method and were opened. Average time was 139 min for Group A and 132 min for Group B. Average days prior to surgery was 18 days for Group A and 17 days for Group B; 3 patients in Group A and 4 in group B had valgus angulation, 1 posterior angulation noted in group B. Malrotation, reamer breakage inside the isthmus, and surgical site infection noted in Group A; no cases of nonunion in both groups. Conclusion: Closed antegrade intramedullary nailing without fracture table using X-ray or C-arm for verification of reduction can be feasible. Closed reduction helps us to achieve the biological healing of a fracture even in cases that are delayed as a result of unavoidable circumstances especially in a setting where facilities are limited. The most important factor prior to closed nailing is adequate preoperative traction Key words: closed antegrade intramedullary nailing, femoral shaft, skeletal traction, image intensifier, fracture table
Biliary Ascariasis in Region 1 Medical Center from January 2001-June 2010
Authors: Fernandez Mayeen , Quilaton Alexander , Tarectecan Anita , Villaflor Vivencio Jose
Published: December 2023

Ascariasis is a common parasitic infestation occurring mostly in developing countries. Its most serious presentation is biliary obstruction. This is a case series of biliary ascariasis in Region 1 Medical Center. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management are presented. This is a retrospective, descriptive study of 43 cases of biliary ascariasis admitted at the Region 1 Medical Center from January 2001-June 2010. Majority of the patients were in the fifth decade of life with with vomiting. Tenderness in the right subcostal region was noted in 70 percent of the cases. Twenty – six patients were managed conservatively while 17 underwent surgical intervention. Common bile duct was the most common site of ascaris migration. Most patients with biliary ascariasis responded to conservative management. Early surgical intervention is advisable to patients not responding to conservative management to avoid serious complications. Key words: biliary ascariasis, Ascaris lumbricoides
Primary Neonatal Transanal Pull Through for Hirschprung’s Disease: Ten-Year Experience
Authors: Catangui Antonio
Published: December 2023

Transanal endorectal pull through (TEPT) is a minimally invasive technique for the surgical management of Hirschsprung’s disease. This study reviewed the early and late complications with this technique when utilized to neonates since 1999. Methods: The records of the author’s neonatal cases undergoing TEPT from 1999 to 2011 were reviewed for early and late complications. Early complications investigated were: anastomotic dehiscence, perianal excoriations, pelvic infection, wound infection and enterocolitis. Late complications included: anastomotic stricture, enterocolitis, retraction of pull through segment, rectal prolapsed, soiling and constipation. Results: Sixty-three patients were included in the study of which 54 were evaluable for long-term complications. The average weight of the patients was 3 kg (range 0.8 kg – 3.5 kg). Mean post-natal age was 16 days (range 6-28days). There were 39 males and 24 females. The rates of early complications were: Anastomotic dehiscences (1.59%), wound infection (1.59%), enterocolitis (9.52%). The late complications were: Anastomotic stricture (3.70%), enterocolitis (7.41%), retracted pull-through segment (18.52%), rectal prolapse (3.70%) and perianal excoriations (9.26%). In 26 patients, 4 years old and above, the rate of voluntary bowel movement was 80.76%. Three patients, initially, had constipation with soiling. Conclusion: TEPT, as a definitive surgery for neonates with Hirschsprung disease, provided acceptable early and late complication rates in the personal experience of the author comparable with the experience of surgeons from other institutions. The procedure provided the patients less number of operations and admissions, and lesser costs. Only 3 patients required abdominal incision. This will encourage us to continue utilizing the technique in newborns. Key words: transanal endorectal pull through, Hirschprung’s disease
Results of Microsurgical Replantation and Revascularization Surgery of the Hand and Wrist
Authors: Estrella Emmanuel , Dela Rosa Tammy
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective of this paper was to present the results of replantation and revascularization surgery of the hand or digit and to describe the factors associated with survival of the replanted and revascularized digit. Methods: From January 1, 2005 to July 31, 2010, a retrospective review of the Microsurgery Unit Database was done to determine the number of patients referred to the Unit for amputations of the upper extremity. The injuries were classified by mechanism of injury (guillotine, crush, avulsion, and gunshot/blast), level of injury, and whether or not a vein graft was used. A total of 8 patients with 8 hand parts had replantation surgery and seven patients with 10 revascularized parts were reviewed. Functional Outcome: Functional outcome was measured using the range of motion of the involved digit or body part using a finger or standard goniometer. Sensory recovery of the replanted or revascularized part was measured using the static 2-point discrimination test. Results: A total of 86 patients from January 2005 to July 2010 suffered amputation or near amputation injuries that were referred to the Microsurgery Unit. Of these patients, 8 patients with 8 hand parts had replantation surgeries while 7 patients with 10 hand parts had revascularization surgeries. In total, there were 15 patients (14 males and 1 female) with an average age of 26.2 years old (range, 4-68 years old). The overall viability rate was 72.2% (62.5% for replantation surgery and 80% for revascularization surgery). The average follow-up of the patients who had a successful replantation procedure was 19 months (range, 3-48 months). Those who had successful revascularization procedures after partial or near amputation of the hand or fingers had an average of 7.3 months follow-up (range, 3-14 months). Functional Outcome: Four of the 12 patients had no functional results because of no recovery yet was expected on recent follow-up. In all digital replantations, stiffness was present even after 6 months post replantation. Of the 5 patients who had successful replantation surgery, only 4 had functional results. The best results were from the through-wrist and through-palm amputations. Protective sensation was achieved in all tested patients. Conclusion: Successful replantation and revascularization surgery mainly depend on the mechanism of injury. Crush injuries tend to have poorer prognosis compared to guillotine type injuries. Replantation and revascularization surgeries require intensive post-operative rehabilitation to maximize the functional outcome. Key words: replantation, revascularization
Performance Outcome of the Proficiency in Clinical Breast Examination (ProCBE) Module at the Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center-Breast Center
Authors: Siguan Stephen Sixto , Guinto Don Davy , Tauschek Roswitha Alfonsa , Baking Saleshe Tracy
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The VSMMC Breast Center actively promotes the practice of monthly breast self-examination and annual clinical breast examination to aid in the early detection of breast cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the performance outcome (proportion of participants who passed) on the technical aspect of the proficiency in clinical breast examination (ProCBE) module at the Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center. Methods: The study is a retrospective analytical review designed to evaluate the proficiency in clinical breast examination program (ProCBE) done at VSMMC Breast Center. The participants’ skills on the technical aspect (Position, Perimeter/Pattern and Palpation/ Pressure) were evaluated through a return demonstration. Testing the difference between proportions using z-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: One hundred fifty-two participants were included in the ProCBE class which included medical doctors, medical interns, and registered nurses. In the positioning station, 87.3%, 86.4%, and 80.4% of doctors, interns, and nurses passed. In the perimeter/ pattern station, 97.5%, 90.9%, and 66.7% of doctors, interns, and nurses passed. In the palpation/pressure station, 54.4%, 50.0%, and 66.7% of doctors, interns, and nurses passed. Overall, 43.0%, 27.3%, and 29.4% of doctors, interns, and nurses passed the module. Conclusion: Overall, 43.0%, 27.3%, and 29.4% of doctors, interns, and nurses passed the technical aspect of the Proficiency in Clinical Breast Examination Module, respectively Key words: Clinical breast exam, breast cancer
Pathologic Complete Response in Rectal Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy at the Philippine General Hospital
Authors:   UP-PGH Colorectal Cancer and Polyp Study Group, Lopez Marc Paul , Gonzalez John Paul , Melendres Mark Francis , Roxas Manuel Francisco , Parreño-Sacdalan Marie Dione , Monroy Hermogenes , Crisostomo Armando , Roxas Alberto
Published: December 2023

Objective: The study aimed to document the pathologic complete response (pCR) rates at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) from 2005 to 2009. The response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy as evidenced by tumor downstaging was also documented. Methods: The study included all adult patients with low to mid rectal tumors, described as tumors with distal extent 11 cm or below from the anal verge (FAV), who underwent resection after having undergone preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Patients who underwent surgery from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2011 were included. Data pertinent to response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were collected. Frequencies and rates pertaining, particularly those relating to pCR and tumor downstaging, were computed. Results: There were a total of 204 rectal resections for cancer over a seven-year period. The patients’ mean age was 52.7 years (range: 22 to 83). There were 168 males and 136 females (ratio 1.2:1). Fifty-three percent of patients presented with clinical Stage IIIB. One hundred fifty-five (41%) patients underwent either preoperative radiotherapy (14.15%, n=43) or combined chemoradiotherapy (36.82%, n=112). Of those who underwent long course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT), 60.7 percent of tumors were down staged. Twenty-one percent of tumors had a pCR. Among patients with a pCR, the mean age was 47.22 years (range 23-72 years). The average distance FAV was 5.7 cm (range 3-10 cm). Majority presented with clinical stage IIIB (66.7%), and nearly all (95.8%) underwent a sphincter-saving operation. Conclusion: The utilization of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in our setting has shown comparable outcomes to those reported in foreign literature on rates of downstaging and pCR. A more protracted study should be pursued to assess for long-term outcomes regarding recurrence and survival. Key words: rectal cancer, pathologic response, combined modality therapy
Experience with Mediastinal Cysts at a Tertiary Specialty Hospital
Authors: Sarmiento Armand , Danguilan Jose Luis
Published: December 2023

Objective: To analyze the different approaches in diagnosing and managing mediastinal cysts in a single tertiary specialty hospital. Methods: A retrospective study on patients with mediastinal cysts who underwent surgery from January 2002 to December 2009 in a single tertiary hospital. The authors analyzed demographic data, clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, lesion location, size, type of surgery carried out, histological diagnosis, postoperative morbidity and mortality. Results: Thirty-seven patients with mediastinal cysts; 21 female (57%) and 16 male (43%). Mean age was 33.5 years. Most of the patients were asymptomatic (27%) but among those with symptoms most common were dyspnea and chest pain. The right side was the most common laterality 24 (64.9%). The anterior mediastinum was the most commonly involved site 34(91.9 %). Sizes ranged from 4 to 27cm with a mean of 11.5cm. Most of the cystic lesions were benign except for 1 which showed malignancy. There was no postoperative death. Morbidities were atelectasis, air leak and chylothorax. Conclusion: Surgical excision of mediastinal cyst is indicated to prevent complications from rupture and further enlargement leading to respiratory embarrassment, low morbidity and no mortality. Key words: Mediastinal cyst, mediastinum
Surgical Management of Fournier’s Gangrene: A Seven-Year Experience at the Philippine General Hospital
Authors: Marcelo Marc Gil , Bernardo Lawrence Irving , Lopez Marc Paul , Sacdalan Marie Dione , Roxas Manuel Francisco
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Fournier’s gangrene is the development of a progressive necrotizing infection in the genital and perianal region with findings of gangrenous and necrotic tissue involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue down to the fascia. This study aims to review cases of Fournier’s gangrene in the Hospital from 2004 up to 2010 and to provide a profile of patients afflicted with the disease and describe its surgical management in this institution. Methodology: A retrospective chart and database review was performed involving patients with a diagnosis of Fournier’s gangrene treated at the Hospital from 2004-2010. The following variables were analyzed: 1) total number of cases; 2) gender; 3) age range, distribution and mean age; 4) source of infection, whether the initial lesion started from the urogenital or perianal area; 5) associated co-morbid conditions; 6) the extent of infection, whether it’s confined to the urogenital or perineal area or has involved adjacent areas; 7) the time between initial symptoms to the first hospital consult; 8) number of debridement done at the operating room for each patient; 9) the presence of other surgeries aside from debridement; 10) outcome (recovered or expired). Results: The incidence of Fournier’s gangrene is 8.7 patients per year in our institution. There were 36 patients included in this study. There is a male preponderance, affecting 4 males for every 1 female. The mean age is 49.5 years with a range of 18-73. Sixty four percent had infection starting from the perianal area while the rest had an initial lesion from the urogenital area. Seventy two percent had lesions confined to the perianal/urogenital areas while the rest had extended infections. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbid condition, involving 47 percent of the cases. Majority of the patients (70%) underwent just a single debridement. Our institution mortality rate is 11 percent. No statistical significance was established between number of debridement and time of consult with mortality. Conclusion: The optimal management of Fournier’s gangrene include all the ff: 1) appropriate anti-microbial therapy; 2) intensive pre and post-operative resuscitation; 3) aggressive and timely surgical intervention. While this disease may be rare, it always presents a challenge to the surgeon and the intensives, requiring a more thorough understanding of its presentation and treatment outcomes. Key words: Fournier’s gangrene
Building a Safer Future: The Impact of Safety Leadership and Safety Competency in The Construction Industry.
Authors: Hamdan Hamizi , Mahmood Rosli , Abdullah Hashim Raemah , Rosli Nur Shazwani
Published: December 2023

The Malaysian construction industry has experienced a concerning trend, ranking fifth in accidents from 2017 to 2021 and witnessing the highest number of fatal workplace injuries compared to other sectors. This study aimed to investigate the influence of safety leadership and safety competency on safety culture within the construction industry. To conduct the research, data were collected from 385 supervisors, engineers, and project managers employed by Grade G7 contractors registered with the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) in four Peninsular Malaysia states. A systematic random sampling method was employed, and data analysis was carried out using SmartPLS 4. The study's findings underscore the significance of both safety leadership and safety competency in positively impacting safety culture within the construction industry. The practical implications of these findings suggest that contractors should prioritize safety leadership and allocate resources to safety training and development initiatives. By enhancing employees' safety competencies, organizations can contribute to the establishment of a robust safety culture, ultimately addressing the industry's safety challenges. This research sheds light on crucial factors that can contribute to improving safety outcomes in the Malaysian construction industry
The Relationship between Macroeconomic Variable in Indonesia: Study of Economic Growth, Export, Import, Labor and Inflation
Authors: M. Julian Tama  , Neli Aida  , Yulihar Taher Arivina Ratih
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study is to assess the potential for mutual relationships and co-integration among variables such as economic growth, exports, imports, labor, and inflation in Indonesia, using secondary time series data covering the period from 1985 to 2022. The approach applied in this research involves the use of Vector Autoregression (VAR), encompassing Granger Causality and Johansen Co-Integration Test. Subsequently, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimation and forecast analysis are conducted using Impulse Response Function, Variance Error Decomposition, and Forecasting. The results of the Granger Causality test indicate that there is only a unidirectional relationship between economic growth to imports, while there is no significant unidirectional relationship from other variables. The results of the Johansen Co-Integration test suggest that these variables have long-term relationships or are co-integrated. Based on the forecasting results, the research can be applied over the period from 1985 to 2037.
Concept Paper on Perceived Risk and Online Purchase Intentions: The Role of Profession.
Authors: Ahmad Kafrawi Mohd Huzaimie , Abd Aziz Syahida , Bakri Nur Hani Syazwani
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study will be to investigate the impact of perceived risk on online purchase intentions among online shoppers in Malaysia, while also examining the role of profession as a moderating factor in this relationship. A quantitative approach will be adopted, utilizing a survey method to collect primary data from individuals who have engaged in online shopping within the preceding three months. The collected data will be subject to analysis employing descriptive statistics and various inferential statistical techniques, including correlation analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA, and t-test. The findings of this study are expected to reveal that perceived risk will hurt online purchase intentions, and that professional identity and norms will moderate this relationship. Moreover, the study will offer implications for online retailers and marketers seeking to target young professionals in Malaysia, with strategies to align products and services to meet their specific needs and expectations. Additionally, these strategies will reduce perceived risk while fostering trust and loyalty among this demographic. Lastly, the study will suggest directions for future research in this area.
BOARD GOVERNANCE, EARNINGS MANAGEMENT, AND FIRM FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: A CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF EMERGING ECONOMIES
Authors: Majumder Md. Tofael Hossain , Abdul Hamid Mohamad Ali , Amin Noordin Bany Ariffin
Published: December 2023

The attainment of financial sustainability is of paramount importance for firms since it guarantees their enduring viability and achievement. It enables organisations to navigate periods of economic decline, allocate resources towards expansion prospects, and fulfill their commitments to employees and stakeholders. By focusing on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this study aims to draw a conceptual framework for how board governance affects firm financial sustainability with the mediating effects of earnings management. This study expects board governance to be the significant determinant of firm financial sustainability, and earnings management will act as a key player in the relationship. To the best of our knowledge, this is a unique study that considers the mediating effects of earnings management in the association between board governance and firm financial sustainability. The result of this study will be useful for the regulators in enhancing the board governance issues to deter earnings management and to improve firm financial sustainability. The study will also add value as a battery for future research and studies, particularly in the context of board governance and financial sustainability relationships in emerging as well as developing economies with similar economic perspectives.
Conceptual Framework of the influence of strategic alignment capability (SAC) and VUCA model as moderator in navigation leadership
Authors: Sarwar Salman
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study intends to investigate the influence of strategic alignment capability (SAC) and volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) as moderator on navigation leadership in private hospitals of healthcare sector in Pakistan. Utilizing ventakraman’s model of strategic alignment capability and volatility-ambiguity theory by Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus, the research hopes to identify the impact of SAC model and VUCA moderator on navigation leadership in healthcare sector in Pakistan.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A total of 400 healthcare executives from the healthcare industry will participate in this study by completing an online self-filled questionnaire. The collected data will undergo various statistical analyses, including normality tests, reliability assessments, correlation analyses, and descriptive examinations. These analyses shall be employed to determine the connection between independent variables (strategic alignment capability model) and the dependent variable of navigation leadership along with volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous context as moderator variable.

Findings: The research paper serves as a conceptual framework of influence of strategic alignment capability and volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous context as moderator on navigation leadership. Healthcare leaders have the potential to significantly enhance their productivity, making valuable contributions to their respective fields in the healthcare profession. The study underlines the significance of addressing these sensitive elements of healthcare sector to enhance the performance in the Pakistan healthcare sector.

Practical Implications: This study offers valuable insights for healthcare leadership within the developing countries like Pakistan healthcare industry. By recognizing and fostering influence of strategic alignment capability and vuca moderator on navigation leadership in healthcare sector can create an environment where healthcare leaders are more inclined to increase their productivity and positively impact overall healthcare sector success.

Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in its application of venkatraman’s model of strategic alignment capability and volatility-ambiguity theory by Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus within the specific context of the Pakistan healthcare industry. By identifying the unique factors influencing strategic alignment capability model in navigation leadership along with vuca moderator in to evaluate and enhance the performance in this industry, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between strategic alignment capability and navigation leadership moderating vuca context.
Analyzing Pakistan’s National Narrative: A Call to Explore New Avenues for Narrative Building
Authors: Mehmood Ali  , Saad Muhammad
Published: December 2023

This article investigates the impact of Pakistan's national narrative on its foreign policy and diplomatic relations. The major goal is to give a full historical narrative by examining the story's change throughout time in response to various local situations. While the study's major focus is the recent Taliban capture of Afghanistan, it also recognizes the need of investigating various regional factors that impact Pakistan's narrative. The study looks at how international concerns have hampered rather than aided local development by resolving complicated global and regional issues. The Taliban's win in Afghanistan has confused Pakistan's national narrative. As a consequence, the difficulty of establishing a balance between military aims and the need to include all persons has evolved. The study examines academics', think tanks', and the media's propagation and construction of the narrative via a rigorous assessment of historical sources, media portrayals, and scholarly debate. The goal of this research is to explore the historical context of Pakistan's national story and offer possible reforms based on an examination of the contributions made by think tanks, the media, and education.
Making of the Other: Critiquing Baloch Historiography
Authors: Khan Jahanzeb
Published: December 2023

Orientalism is the critique of the European perspective about the creation of colonial discourse and this approach advocates that European colonialism has created a concept of “othering". The Occident and the Orient is a pure European construct, and it would see another world from the lens of Europe and give a verdict of being inferior about all those concepts, cultures and ideologies which are not in conformity with European perceptions. The present work is based on the colonial construction of the history of Balochistan, and colonial scholars had provided the landmark of historiography in Balochistan. These colonial scholars had derived their concepts of the cultures and histories of the indigenous people based on the official documents provided by the colonial masters. So, the primary premise of the colonial discourse was not to do academic research rather it was to control the indigenous people. This premise of colonial historiography was bequeathed after partition as the post-partition and indigenous scholars had followed the footsteps of colonial scholars especial in the theories of ethnic origins. The present work is a historiographical critique of colonial and post-independence historiography into Balochistan, and it has been endeavored to provide main themes of oriental historiography and its counter-narrative which based on a post-colonial perspective derived from primary and secondary sources. The paper is an attempt in opening of new debates in the historiography of peripheral regions like Balochistan and its an effort to shed light on the areas on which there is a historical silence.
Emerging Cyber Security Challenges: Implications for Iranian National Security
Authors: Akhtar Noureen
Published: December 2023

In the third decade of 21st century, cyber security has become a completely developed national security paradigm like other prominent security paradigms such as physical security, economic security, and food security. Unmatched pace of technological advancements in the fields of Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence, automation, and communication services have transformed key processes of governance, commerce, and trade from physical to cyber space. As human dependence on cyber technologies increased new questions about the prevailing security models has come to the fore during the same time. Concepts like network security, data security or infrastructure security are no longer isolated domains but have transformed as securitization of cyber domain has become an ongoing global phenomenon.  This paper focuses on how this transformation of geopolitical conflicts, from physical to cyber arena, is taking place where traditional concepts of conventional war are changing. It also examines how cyber security threat matrix is diametrically different from all prevailing military doctrinal construct? These questions certainly demand a new theoretical framework that can put this rapidly emerging new security paradigm. This study attempts to address this important question as well while taking the international and regional developments with special focus on the emerging cyber security domain in Iran.
Aerospace Power Development in India and Implications for Pakistan
Authors: Rana Ameer Hamza
Published: December 2023

This paper evaluates the trends of aerospace military power development strictly in the India-Pakistan conflict setting. It analyzes the combat potential of aerospace technologies and explores how they add to the net war-fighting strengths of the respective India and Pakistan militaries. The primary question is to identity the gap in aerospace domain between India and Pakistan while making recommendations for Pakistan. The study finds serious efforts of aerospace military power development by India which challenges the military security of Pakistan. Pakistan has the leverage in employing drones for multiple roles against India but their potential remains limited due to minimal space infrastructure for navigation and communication.  The study uses the comparative method to analyze the profiles of India and Pakistan for aerospace development trends and to assess the emerging threats for Pakistan. It further enables us to foresee the evolving nature of future conflicts because aerospace technologies are likely to remain at the core of possible war in future.