bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR DALAM MEMPREDIKSI CURAH HUJAN GUNA MENYUSUN PENJADWALAN TANAM PADI DI PULANG PISAU
Authors: Basani Yuniarta , Handayani Dian Nur , Pakpahan Herman Santoso , Ayu Regina Wahyudyah Sonata
Published: December 2023

Beras merupakan komoditas penting dalam kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi di Indonesia serta menjadi sumber karbohidrat utama. Perubahan iklim mempengaruhi pola tanam dalam sektor pertanian, dan curah hujan memiliki peran penting dalam pertumbuhan tanaman karena mempengaruhi ketersediaan air. Kabupaten Pulang Pisau di Kalimantan Tengah memiliki potensi pertanian yang baik, terutama dalam produksi padi. Untuk meminimalisir kegagalan panen akibat perubahan iklim, prediksi curah hujan diperlukan sebagai acuan dalam penjadwalan tanam padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi curah hujan menggunakan metode K-NN dan mengkonversikan hasil prediksi curah hujan menjadi tabel kalender tanam guna meminimalisir terjadinya kegagalan panen. Metode K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) dalam beberapa dekade terakhir selain untuk klasifikasi juga digunakan untuk prediksi. Metode K-NN pada penelitian ini diimplementasikan dalam memprediksi curah hujan, dengan pengujian performa metode K-NN menggunakan metode RMSE. Data yang digunakan berasal dari website resmi BMKG yang diambil dari Tahun 2011-2022. Rasio pembagian data training dan data testing yang digunakan adalah 70:30, 80:20 dan 90:10. Hasil pengujian penerapan metode K-NN dalam prediksi curah hujan menghasilkan nilai RMSE terkecil 109,3 dengan menggunakan perhitungan jarak Manhattan Distance dan nilai k = 16. Hasil prediksi curah hujan yang dikonversikan ke dalam kalender tanam menunjukan bahwa Juli, September, dan November 2023, Januari, Maret, Mei, Juli, September, dan November 2024 dapat dilakukan proses penanaman padi.
PILIHAN BAHASA MASYARAKAT MULTILINGUAL DI KOTA SAMPIT (THE LANGUAGE CHOICE OF A MULTILINGUAL COMMUNITY IN SAMPIT CITY)
Authors: Trisnawati Trisnawati
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Language Choice of A Multilingual Community in Sampit City. This study aims to describe the form of language choice of multiethnic communities in Sampit City in the realm of family, friendship, religion, education, and employment, and the factors that influence the language choice of multiethnic communities in Sampit City. This study used qualitative approach with field research. The method that was used in this study was descriptive method. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are various languages that coexist in a multilingual community in Sampit, namely Indonesian, Dayak, Banjar, Javanese, Maduranese, Bima, Batak, and Serawai. The dominant language used besides Indonesian is Banjar, because it is considered to have the highest prestige, so it is often chosen in communication. Multilingual people in Sampit are able to use language for the purpose of communication or polyglossia, and are able to distinguish between high and low varieties or diglossia. The choice of language made by the multilingual community in Sampit is influenced by the factors of people (participants), topics and situations.Keywords: language choice, speech community, multilingual.AbstrakPilihan Bahasa Masyarakat Multilingual di Kota Sampit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud pilihan bahasa masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit pada ranah keluarga, kekariban, agama, pendidikan, dan lapangan kerja, dan faktor yang memengaruhi pilihan bahasa masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat berbagai bahasa yang hidup berdampingan di tengah masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit, yaitu bahasa Indonesia, bahasa Dayak, bahasa Banjar, bahasa Jawa, bahasa madura, bahasa Bima, bahasa Batak, dan Serawai. Bahasa yang dominan digunakan selain bahasa Indonesia adalah bahasa Banjar, karena dianggap memiliki prestise tertinggi, sehingga sering dipilih dalam komunikasi. Masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit mampu menggunakan bahasa dengan tujuan komunikasi atau poliglosia, dan mampu membedakan ragam tinggi dan ragam rendah atau diglosia. Pilihan bahasa yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat multilingual di Kota Sampit dipengaruhi oleh faktor orang (partisipan), topik dan situasi.Kata-kata kunci: pilihan bahasa, masyarakat tutur, multilingual
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN ANDRAGOGI DALAM PENULISAN ARTIKEL BAHASA INDONESIA BERTEMA TRADISI DAN ADAT BUDAYA KALIMANTAN SELATAN (APPLICATION OF ANDRAGOGY APPROACH IN WRITING INDONESIAN ARTICLES ON THE THEME OF CULTURAL TRADITIONS AND CUSTOMS SOUTHERN KALIMANTAN)
Authors: Noortyani Rusma , Estitiyanti Mira , Mulyadi Muhammad
Published: December 2023

AbstractApplication Of Andragogy Approach In Writing Indonesian Articles  On The Theme Of Cultural Traditions And Customs  Southern Kalimantan. The application of the andragogy approach in writing Indonesian articles on the theme of South Kalimantan cultural traditions and customs needs to be done to help learners in completing their assignments. This is done because every year there is an Indonesian article writing competition, so the application of this andragogy approach is needed. The qualitative method used in this research can produce descriptive data in the form of Indonesian article assessment. The results of the study stated that the sharpness of the problem analysis was the highest criterion. Furthermore, the assessment of the originality of the work and theatricality of the title or topic raised, the writing format of language use, the benefits & urgency of the issues raised, conclusions and suggestions. The participatory learning strategy applied can overshadow the characteristics of adult learners.Keywords: andragogy, article writing, tradition, cultureAbstrakPenerapan Pendekatan Andragogi Dalam Penulisan Artikel Bahasa Indonesia Bertema Tradisi Dan Adat Budaya Kalimantan Selatan. Penerapan pendekatan andragogi dalam penulisan artikel bahasa Indonesia bertema tradisi dan adat budaya Kalimantan Selatan perlu dilakukan untuk menolong pembelajar dalam penyelesaian tugasnya. Hal ini dilakukan karena setiap tahun ada lomba penulisan artikel bahasa Indonesia, sehingga penerapan pendekatan andragogi ini diperlukan. Metode kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dapat menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa penilaian artikel bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian disebutkan bahwa ketajaman analisis permasalahan menunjukkan kriteria yang paling tinggi. Selanjutnya dilakukan juga penilaian originalitas karya dan keatraktivan judul atau topik yang diangkat, format penulisan penggunaan bahasa, manfaat dan urgensi permasalahan yang diangkat, kesimpulan serta saran. Strategi pembelajaran partisipatif yang diterapkan dapat  menaungi karakteristik pembelajar dewasa.Kata Kunci: androgogi, penulisan artikel, tradisi, budaya
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINDAKAN 3M DI SMA IT AR-RAHMAN (STUDI OBSERVASIONAL ANALITIK DI SMA IT ARRAHMAN KOTA BANJARBARU)
Authors: Helmina Helmina , Irfan Muhammad , Norbaiti Norbaiti , Hasanah Siti , Rosadi Dian , Fakhriyadi Rudi , Lasari Hadrianti H.D. , Ahda Fadillah Noor
Published: December 2023

Santri dan santriwati merupakan faktor penentu di suatu wilayah pesantren apakah terjadi penularan virus corona atau tidak. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan mahasiswa antara lain dengan menerapkan perilaku hidupbersih dan sehat seperti selalu menggunakan masker saat tampil, dan menjaga jarak. Santri memiliki peran yang sangat besar dalam memutus mata rantai penularan covid-19. Sehingga kemampuan dan pemahaman serta sikap perlu ditingkatkan dalam sikap siswa dan siswa yang ingin melakukan tindakan preventif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap siswa terhadap tindakan 3M. Metode penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Hasil:Berdasarkan beberapa artikel penelitian yang telah dipublikasikan di atas, tergambar bahwa pengetahuan siswa tentang pencegahan covid-19 cukup tinggi, namun mereka belum mampu menerapkan perilaku dansikap yang baik dalam pencegahan covid-19. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tindakan 3M dengan p-value= 0,072 > 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini jugamenunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara sikap dan tindakan 3M dengan p-value= 0,01. Kesimpulannya adalah pengetahuan siswi tentang pencegahan covid-19 cukup tinggi namun tidak sejalan dengan sikap dan tindakan siswi tersebut, sehingga untuk dapat melakukan pencegahan covid-19 masih kurang dan dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan masih kurang.Kata kunci: Covid-19, pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan 3M, pesantren
Edukasi dan Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Berkhasiat Obat di Kelompok Wanita Tani Griya Asri
Authors: Mardiati Nurul , Susiani Eka Fitri , Forestryana Dyera , Sugianto Eddy
Published: December 2023

Indonesia merupakan salah satu pusat perkembangan banyak tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat obat. Sayangnya perkembangan TOGA saat ini masih terfokus pada aspek pertanian, dan hanya sedikit kelompok masyarakat yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang teknologi yang digunakan dalam pengolahan setelah panen menjadi bahan obat atau produk pangan olahan lainnya. Kelompok  Wanita Tani Griya Asri belum banyak mengetahui pemanfaatan tanaman berkhasiat obat di kebunnya. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan anggota KWT Griya Asri dengan mengolah tanaman jahe menjadi produk siap minum yang bernilai ekonomi lebih tinggi. Mitra pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah anggota KWT Griya Asri. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu edukasi dengan metode ceramah mengenai khasiat & pemanfaatan tanaman obat menjadi produk minuman instan dan pelatihan secara langsung menjadi produk minuman instan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan menarik dan bermanfaat sehingga anggota KWT Griya Asri dapat mengolah tanaman obat khususnya jahe menjadi produk minuman instan. Kata Kunci: Penyuluhan, Tanaman Obat, Jahe, TOGA  Indonesia is one of the centers for the development of many plants that have medicinal benefits. Unfortunately, the product of TOGA is still focused on agriculture, and only a few community groups know the technology used in processing medicinal ingredients or other processed food products after harvest. Griya Asri Women Farmers Group needs to learn more about using medicinal plants in their garden. Community service aims to improve the welfare of KWT Griya Asri members by processing ginger plants into ready-to-drink products with higher economic value. The partners of this community service are members of KWT Griya Asri. The method used is education with lectures regarding the efficacy & utilization of medicinal plants in instant beverage products and direct training in instant beverage products. The activities are exciting and valuable, so KWT Griya Asri members can process medicinal plants, especially ginger, into instant beverage products.
E-pub bahan ajar penelitian tindakan berbasis p-bl meningkatkan kemampuan publikasi mahasiswa
Authors: Arifin Syamsul , Mashud Mashud , Warni Herita , Mulhim Muhammad , Hamid Abd , Athar Athar
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangan E-Pub bahan ajar penelitian tindakan berbasis P-BL (P-BL) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan publikasi ilmiah mahasiswa magister pendidikan jasmani. Tujuan khusus adalah; 1) menjelaskan karakteristik buku “e-pub buku ajar penelitian tindakan berbasis P-BL” yang dikembangkan. 2) dendeskripsikan validitas 3) mendeskripsikan kepraktisan buku. 4) Mendeskripsikan keefektifan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah penelitian dan pengembangan 4D (define, design, development, disseminate). Subyek penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa program studi pendidikan jasmani yang memprogram matakuliah penelitian tindakan pembelajaran. Instrumen penelitian dikembangkan beradasakan aspek; a) kevalidan produk, b) kepraktisan produk, dan c) kefektifian produk. Teknik analisis data secara deskripstif kuantitatif dan deskripstif kualitatif. Hasil pengembangan pada tahap define dan design mengahsilkan e-pub buku ajar penelitian tindakan berbasis P-BL. Pada tahap development yang terdiri dari tiga tahap pengembangan yaitu: 1) tahap penyusunan draf buku satu, 2) uji validasi pakar menghasil draft buku dua, dan 3) uji coba kelas/ pengguna yang menghasilkan draft buku tiga. Tahap development mengacu pada aspek kevaliadan, kepraktisan dan kefektifan, ketiga aspek tersebut telah terpenuhi dengan sangat valid, praktis dan efektif. Dari tahap pengembangan yang dilakukan menyimpulkan bahwa e-pub buku ajar penelitian tindakan berbasis P-BL telah berhasil dikembangkan dan efektif membantu mahasiswa meningkatkan kemampuan publiaksi ilmiahpada jurnal nasional terakreditasi.
A celebration of modesty. Instituto Tajamar in Vallecas (1959–1966)
Authors: Delgado-Orusco Eduardo , Aparicio-Fraga Jaime
Published: December 2023

One may wonder whether the term novelty encompasses the general conditions applied to architecture these days or whether it is rather a return to the origins, perhaps a cyclical regression: the restrictions imposed on theconstruction industry as a consequence of the climate crisis or of optimizing the relationship with the natural environment seem to be a timeless dictate always present in good architecture.These statements are found in the works of many authors from the distant and recent past that still inspire us today; hence, the interest of re-examining certain examples that have proved their initial relevance and theirsuccessful evolution.In Spain, the needs and limitations arising from the autarchic period following the Civil War imposed the natural logic of adaptation, and more so in certain settings and programs in which modesty prevails. This is the case of Instituto Tajamar in Vallecas (Madrid), designed by the architects César Ortiz-Echagüe and Rafael Echaide.Ortiz-Echagüe and Echaide completed this project at the end of their collaboration, and it meant a paradigm shift in their architecture: from the Miesian dream that characterized most of their work to what could be termed a poetic pragmatism inspired by the architecture of Richard Neutra, whom Ortiz-Echagüe had met and accompanied during his visit to Spain in 1954.
Finding an Unique and “Natural” Extension of the Expected Value That Takes a Finite Value for All Functions in Prevalent Subset of the Set of All Functions
Authors: Krishnan Bharath
Published: December 2023

Suppose for n∈ ℕ, set A⊆ℝⁿ and function f∶A→ℝⁿ. If set A, using the Hausdorff outer measure, is measurable in the sense of Carathèodory; we want to find an extension of the expected value, w.r.t the Hausdorff measure, that's unique, finite and "natural" (defined on §2.3 & §2.4) for all f in a prevalent subset of ℝᴬ. The issue is current extensions of the expected value are finite for all functions in only a shy subset of ℝᴬ. The reason this issue wasn't resolved is mathematicians have not thought of the problem, focusing on application rather than generalization. Despite the lack of potential use, we'll attempt to solve the problem by defining a choice function---this shall choose a unique set of equivalent sequences of sets (Fₖ***) , where the set-theoretic limit of Fₖ*** is the graph of f; the measure Hʰ is the ℎ-Hausdorff measure, such for each k∈ℕ, 0 < Hʰ(Fₖ***) < +∞; and (fₖ*) is a sequence of functions where {(x,fₖ*(x))∶x∈ dom(Fₖ***)}=Fₖ***. Thus, the extended expected value of or E**[f,Fₖ***] is: ∀(ε>0)∃(N∈ℕ)∀(k∈N)(k≥N⇒1/Hʰ(dom(Fₖ***))∫dom(Fₖ*** )fₖ* dHʰ - E**[f,Fₖ***]<ε ) which should be unique, finite, and "natural" (defined on §2.3 & §2.4) for all f in a prevalent subset of ℝᴬ. Note we guessed the choice function using computer programming but we don’t use mathematical proofs due to the lack of expertise in the subject matter. Despite this, the biggest use of this research is the extension of the expected value is finite for "almost all" functions: this is easier to use in application when finding the "average" of functions covering an infinite expanse of space.
An LCD Detection Method Based on the Simultaneous Automatic Generation of Samples and Masks Using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Wu Hao , Liu Yulong , Xu Youzhi
Published: December 2023

When applying deep learning methods to detect micro defects on low-contrast LCD surfaces, there are challenges related to the imbalance in samples dataset, as well as the complexity and laboriousness of annotating and acquiring target image masks. In order to solve these problems, a method based on sample and mask auto-generation for deep generative network models is proposed. We first generate an augmented dataset of negative samples using a generative adversarial network(GAN), and then highlight the defect regions in these samples using the training method constructed by the GAN to generate masks for the defect images automatically. Experimental results shows the effectiveness of our proposed method, as it allows for the simultaneous generation of LCD image samples and their corresponding image masks. Through a comparative experiment on the deep learning method Mask R-CNN, we demonstrate that the automatically obtained image masks have high detection accuracy.
Development of Self-generated and LPWA-based Crop Growth Environment Monitoring and Bigdata Analysis System
Authors: Oh Yeon-Jae
Published: December 2023

Smart farm is a technology that greatly helps improve the productivity and quality of crops and is being actively introduced into indoor environments such as green houses. However, it has not yet been distributed to field-grown crops. The main reason is that, unlike indoor environments, it is very difficult to collect sensor data for monitoring the growth environment of crops in open fields where weather conditions change significantly and power supply is difficult. Additionally, because various sensors are used, the data formats of the devices are different, making it difficult to process. This paper presents a field crop growth environment monitoring and big data analysis system. The proposed system first solves power supply and data communication problems using solar power generation and LPWA technology. Additionally, based on the oneM2M architecture, data from various sensors is transmitted to the server using standardized technology. The transmitted data is stored and managed on the server as big data, and can be used to predict the production and quality of field-grown crops and take appropriate measures. The proposed system is expected to create an environment optimized for the growth of field crops and help prevent and manage diseases.
The Archimedean Origin of Modern Positional Number Systems
Authors: Manca Vincenzo
Published: December 2023

A symbolic analysis of Archimedes’ periodical number system is developed, from which a natural link emerges with the modern positional number systems with zero. After the publication of Fibonacci’s Liber Abaci, the decimal Indo-Arabic positional system was the basis of the algorithmic and algebraic trend of modern mathematics, but even if zero plays a crucial role in algebra and mathematical analysis, zeroless positional systems show the same capability of producing efficient arithmetical algorithms based on operation tables over digits. The crucial role of digits is assessed, by considering a representation of numbers based on strings in lexicographic order. A new algorithm for the determination of decimal periods is presented,, by remarking the cruciality of this topic in number theory. Periods of ordinal numbers, and enumerations of recursive enumerability are shortly recalled. Concluding remarks are formulated about the deep relationship among numbers and information, which shed new light on a red line passing through the whole history of mathematics
Development of a Rapid Epstein-Barr Virus Detection System Based on Recombinase Polymerase Amplification and a Lateral Flow Assay
Authors: Sun Yidan , Tang Danni , Li Nan , Wang Yudong , Yang Meimei , Shen Chao
Published: December 2023

The quality of cellular products used in biological research can directly impact the ability to ob-tain accurate results. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a latent virus that spreads extensively world-wide, and cell lines used in experiments may carry EBV and pose an infection risk. The presence of EBV in a single cell line can contaminate other cell lines used in the same laboratory, affecting experimental results. We developed three EBV detection systems: (1) a polymerase chain reac-tion (PCR)-based detection system, (2) a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-based de-tection system, and (3) a combined RPA-lateral flow assay (LFA) detection system. The mini-mum EBV detection limits were 1×103 copy numbers for the RPA-based and RPA-LFA systems and 1×104 copy numbers for the PCR-based system. Both the PCR and RPA detection systems were applied to 192 cell lines, and the results were consistent with those obtained by the EBV assay methods specified in the pharma-ceutical industry standards of the People's Republic of China. 10 EBV-positive cell lines were identified. The combined RPA-LFA system is simple to operate, allowing for rapid results visualization. This system can be implemented in laborato-ries and cell banks as part of a daily quality control strategy to ensure cell quality and experi-mental safety and may represent a potential new technique for the rapid detection of EBV in clinical samples.
Potential Use of Species in the Erynioideae for Biological Control and Biotechnology
Authors: Gryganskyi Andrii P. , Hajek Ann E. , Voloshchuk Nataliya , Idnurm Alexander , Eilenberg Jørgen , Manfrino Romina Guadalupe , Bushley Kathryn E. , Kava Liudmyla , Kutovenko Vira B. , Anike Felicia , Nie Yong
Published: December 2023

The fungal order Entomophthorales in the Zoopagomycotina includes many fungal pathogens of arthropods. This review explores five genera in the Erynioideae subfamily, namely Erynia, Furia, Pandora, Strongwellsea, and Zoophthora. This is the largest subfamily in the Entomophthorales including 125 described species. The species diversity, global distribution, and host range of this subfamily are summarized, revealing that relatively few taxa are geographically widespread, and few have broad host ranges, contrasting with a large number of species with single reports, from one location and one host species. The insect orders infected by the greatest numbers of species are the Diptera and Hemiptera. Across the subfamily relatively few species have been cultivated in vitro and those that have require more specialized media than any fungi. Given their potential to attack arthropods and in the fungal evolutionary tree, which species might be adopted for biological control purposes or biotechnological innovations are highlighted. Current challenges in the implementation of these species in biotechnology include the limited ability or difficulty in culturing many in vitro, a correlated paucity in genomic resources, and considerations regarding the host ranges of different species.
A Convenient Oligonucleotide Conjugation via Tandem Staudinger Reaction and Amide Bond Formation at the Internucleotidic Phosphate Position
Authors: Klabenkova Kristina , (Chalova) Polina Zhdanova , Burakova Ekaterina , Bizyaev Sergei , Fokina Alesya , Stetsenko Dmitry
Published: December 2023

A Staudinger reaction on solid phase between an electronodeficit organic azide such as sulfonyl azide, and the phosphite triester formed upon phosphoramidite coupling is a convenient method for chemical modification of oligonucleotides at the internucleotidic phosphate position. In this work, 4-carboxybenzenesulfonyl azide either with a free carboxy group or in the form of an activated ester such as pentafluorophenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, or pentafluorobenzyl ester were used to introduce a carboxylic acid function to the terminal or internal internucleotidic phosphate of an oligonucleotide via Staudinger reaction. A subsequent treatment with excess primary alkyl amine followed by usual work-up, after prior activation with a suitable peptide coupling agent such as HBTU/HOBt in the case of a free carboxyl, afforded amide-linked oligonucleotide conjugates in good yields including multiple conjugations of up to the exhaustive modification at each phosphate position for a weakly activated pentafluorobenzyl ester, whereas more strongly activated and, thus, more reactive aryl esters provided only single conjugations at the 5′-end. The conjugates synthesized include those with di- and polyamines that introduce a positively charged side-chain to potentially assist intracellular delivery of the oligonucleotide.
Application of the Polynomial Chaos Expansion to the Uncertainty Propagation in Fault Transients in Nuclear Fusion Reactors: DTT TF fast current discharge
Authors: De Bastiani Marco , Aimetta Alex , Bonifetto Roberto , Dulla Sandra
Published: December 2023

Nuclear fusion reactors are composed by several complex components whose behaviour may be not certain a priori. This uncertainty may have a significant importance in the evolution of fault transients in the machine, causing unexpected damages to its components. For this reason a suitable method for the uncertainty propagation during those transient is required. The Monte Carlo method would be the reference option, but it is, in most of the cases, not applicable due to the large amount of required simulations to be repeated. In this context the Polynomial Chaos Expansion has been considered as a valuable alternative. It allows to create a surrogate model of the original one in terms of orthogonal polynomials. Then, the uncertainty quantification is performed repeatedly calling this much simpler and faster model. Using the fast current discharge in the Divertor Tokamak Test Toroidal Field (DTT TF) coils as a reference scenario, this method has been applied: the uncertainty on the parameters of the Fast Discharge Unit (FDU) varistor disks is propagated to the simulated electrical and electro-magnetic relevant effects. Eventually two worst case scenarios have been analyzed from the thermal-hydraulic point of view with the 4C code, simulating a fast current discharge as a consequence of a coil quench. Eventually it has been demonstrated that the uncertainty on the inputs (varistor parameters) strongly propagates obtaining a wide range of possible scenarios in case of accidental transients. This result underlines the necessity to take into account and propagate all possible uncertainties in the design of a fusion reactor, according to the Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty approach.
Model-Based Catalyst Screening and Optimal Experimental Design for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Puliyanda Anjana
Published: December 2023

The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to produce ethane and ethylene (C2 compounds) as platform chemicals involves complex chemistry with reactions both in the gas phase and on the catalyst surface, resulting in a distribution of products at the expense of C2 selectivity. This work uses experimental data from a variety of mixed metal oxides on supports at different reaction conditions (temperature, contact time, and reactant flow rates) to train a random forest regressor that predicts methane conversion and C2 selectivity (key performance indicators (KPIs)), and deploys it to locate optimal conditions that maximize C2 yield for a catalyst. Investigating the regressor interpretability via feature importance reveals that the choice of metals and support are crucial to C2 selectivity predictions, while the predictions of methane conversion are driven by the reaction conditions. The machine learning (ML) regressor is used as a surrogate to develop performance curves for each of the catalysts via a multi-objective optimization routine that seeks to maximize the KPIs in the decision space of reaction conditions, is seen to locate optimal conditions at which the maximum C2 yields for catalysts are predicted to be 15%, higher on average. Analyzing the catalysts in the space of their performance curves with respect to a popular OCM catalyst, Mn-Na2WO4/SiO2, reveals distinct patterns based on intrinsic properties of metals and supports. Further, the decision space with catalyst descriptors and reaction conditions is optimized for high C2 yields using the ML surrogate, in a static multi-objective optimization routine, and an adaptive Bayesian routine, where the latter was found to have a wider field focus in proposing catalyst formulations and conditions. Transition metal oxides on a variety of supports were proposed but not their lanthanide oxide counterparts.
Understanding the Transmission of Bacterial Agents of Sapronotic Diseases in Aquatic Ecosystems: A First Spatially Realistic Metacommunity Model
Authors: Sylla Ahmadou , Chevillon Christine , Djidjiou-Demasse Ramsès , Seydi Ousmane , Campos Carlos A. Vargas , Dogbe Magdalene , Fast Kayla M. , Pechal Jennifer L. , Rakestraw Alex , Scott Matthew E. , Sandel Michael W. , Jordan Heather , Benbow M. Eric , Guégan Jean-François
Published: December 2023

Pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and viruses are important components of soil and aquatic communities, where they can benefit from decaying and living organic matter, and may opportunistically infect human and animal hosts. One-third of human infectious diseases is constituted by sapronotic disease agents that are natural inhabitants of soil or aquatic ecosystems. They are capable of existing and reproducing in the environment outside of the host for extended periods of time. However, as ecological research on sapronosis is infrequent and epidemiological models are even rarer, very little information is currently available. Their importance is overlooked in medical and veterinary research, as well as the relationships between free environmental forms and those that are pathogenic. Here, using dynamical models in realistic aquatic metacommunity systems, we analyze sapronosis transmission, using the human pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans that is responsible for Buruli ulcer. Our work constitutes the first set of metacommunity models of sapronotic disease transmission, and is highly flexible for adaptation to other types of sapronosis. The importance of sapronotic agents on animal and human disease burden needs better understanding and new models of sapronosis disease ecology to guide the management and prevention of this important group of pathogens.
An Interdisciplinary Approach to Enhancing Cyber Threat Prediction Utilizing Forensic Cyberpsychology and Digital Forensics
Authors: Rich Marshall S. , Aiken Mary
Published: December 2023

A groundbreaking integrated predictive model, termed Cyber Forensics Behavioral Analysis (CFBA), has been developed in an environment characterized by rapidly evolving and increasingly sophisticated cyber threats. This model merges Cyber Behavioral Sciences with Digital Forensics to enhance the prediction accuracy and effectiveness of cyber threats originating from specific Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs). It has been observed that traditional cybersecurity strategies, predominantly focused on technical aspects, must be improved in addressing the complex landscape of cyber threats. Consequently, a novel approach has been proposed in this research, combining technical expertise with insights into the behavior of cybercriminals, thereby addressing a significant gap in existing methodologies. A mixed-methods approach has been employed in the study, integrating quantitative and qualitative research methods. This approach has created a comprehensive framework incorporating digital forensics, cybersecurity, computer science, forensic psychology, and the cyber behavioral sciences which incorporates disciplines scuch as cyberpsychology and forensic cyberpsychology. The study is anchored around four key concepts: (1) Forensic Cyberpsychology, which focuses on understanding psychological aspects of cybercriminal behavior; (2) Digital Forensics, involving the collection and analysis of digital evidence from cyber incidents; (3) Predictive Modeling, which utilizes historical data and patterns to anticipate potential cyber threats; and (4) the Cyber Behavioral Analysis Metric (CBAM) and Cyber Behavioral Score (CBS), tools designed for evaluating and scoring ASNs based on their behavior in terms of cybersecurity threat risks. Challenges encountered in the development of this integration have been significant. Initial setbacks included the misalignment of traditional cyber defense methods with the evolving nature of cyber threats and the absence of a holistic approach in pre-existing models. Through the narrative of these challenges and the subsequent development of the CFBA model, the research highlights the necessity for an interdisciplinary approach to cybersecurity. The outcomes of this study are not merely theoretical but provide practical, actionable tools and frameworks that markedly improve the precision of predicting cyber threats, especially from ASNs. The CFBA model represents a significant shift in cybersecurity strategies, highlighting the importance of integrating behavioral insights with technical knowledge. The study emphasizes the need for ongoing research and collaboration in cybersecurity, advocating for an approach that is as comprehensive and multifaceted as the cyber threats it seeks to mitigate. This research has been conducted to contribute significantly to cybersecurity, offering new perspectives and methodologies in a rapidly changing domain.
Carbon, Forests, and Biochar
Authors: Rodriguez Franco Carlos , Page-Dumroese Deborah S. , Pierson Derek N. , Nicosia Timothy
Published: December 2023

Carbon (C) is one of the most abundant elements. It is part of all living organisms and is found in all states of matter (solid, liquid, gas, and plasma). It can take the form of one of the hardest and transparent materials (diamond) or it can be flexible and dark ( graphite), with many carbonaceous materials at both extremes. In gaseous form, C is a component of several greenhouse gas emitted during the combustion of fossil fuels. Carbon movement between the atmosphere, land (biosphere and lithosphere), and ocean (hydrosphere) can alter total amounts in each pool. Human activities accelerate C movement into the atmosphere, causing increases in climate change. This shift from terrestrial and oceanic C pools to the atmosphere cause an increase in the intensity and duration of droughts, hurricanes, snowstorms, and other natural phenomenon.

Although society hears about C emissions there is a lack of understanding of its importance and the need to decrease C in the atmospheric pool to avoid exacerbating climate change. Forests and biochar are two biological methods to retain C in the terrestrial pool for long time and at very low cost. This review details where C comes from, its relationship with forests, and biochar and their roles in increasing carbon sequestration to limit the impacts of climate change and continue having future sustainable forests and ecosystems services that we enjoy today.
Characteristics of Groundwater Microbial Community Composition and Environmental Response in the Yimuquan Aquifer, North China Plain
Authors: Zhang Huaisheng , Lv Yonggao , Zhang Tao , Zhang Lei , Ma Xuemei , Liu Xuesong , Lian Sheng
Published: December 2023

Abstract: To explore the interrelationship between groundwater microbial communities and hydrochemical characteristics in Mancheng district, Baoding city, samples from karst groundwater and porous groundwater were collected respectively. The hydrochemical analysis and 16s RNA gene V4-V5 region sequencing method were used to detail the water environmental characteristics and microbial community distribution pattern in the study area. The hydrochemical results reveal significant differences in major ion contents and other hydrochemical indices between karst water and porous water. Microbial community analysis demonstrates that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes are the dominant taxa in both types of water bodies, but their proportions vary significantly in different water bodies. The difference in microbial communities between karst water and porous water reflects the influence of environmental factors such as ion concentration and pH on microbial distribution. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicates significant associations between microbial community composition and environmental factors in both types of groundwater environments. Studying the distribution pattern of microbial communities and the connection with environmental factors in two types of groundwater provides important basis for interpreting the functional roles of microbes in groundwater ecosystems.
Efficacy and Safety of Postbiotic (Metabiotic) Contained Inactivated Lactobacillus reuteri (Limosilactobacillus Reuteri) DSM 17648 as Adjuvant Therapy in the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Adults with Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double-
Authors: Ivashkin Vladimir , Maev Igor , Poluektova Elena , Sinitsa Alexander , Avalueva Elena , Mnatsakanyan Marina , Simanenkov Vladimir , Karpeeva Julia , Kopylova Daria , Kuprina Irina , Kucheryavyy Yury , Lapina Tatiana , Solovyeva Olga , Soom Malle , Cheremushkina Natalia , Maevskaya Evgeniya , Holz Caterina , Maslennikov Roman
Published: December 2023

Increasing the effectiveness of eradication therapy is an important task of gastroenterology. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of postbiotic (metabiotic) contained inactivated Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17648 (Pylopass™; Helinorm™) as adjuvant treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, parallel study included H. pylori positive patients with FD. The postbiotic group received Pylopass 200 mg bid for 14 days in combination with the eradication therapy (esomeprazole 20 mg bid + amoxicillin 1000 mg bid + clarithromycin 500 mg bid for 14 days) and another 14 days after completion of eradication therapy. The eradication efficiency was 96.7% for the postbiotic group versus 86.0% for the placebo group (P=0.039). Both groups showed significant improvements in quality of life and reduction of most gastrointestinal symptoms with no significant differences between groups. The overall number of digestive adverse effects in the postbiotic group was lower than in the placebo group. Serious adverse effects were not registered. The postbiotic (metabiotic) contained inactivated L. reuteri DSM 17648 significantly improves the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication therapy in FD and decreases overall number of digestive adverse effects of this therapy.
Mean Oral Cavity Organ at Risk Dose Predicts Opioid Use and Hospitalization During Radiotherapy for Patients with Head and Neck Tumors
Authors: Foote Robert L. , Harmsen William S. , Amundson Adam C. , Carr Alan B. , Gamez Mauricio E. , Garces Yolanda I. , Lester Scott C. , Ma Daniel J. , McGee Lisa A. , Moore Eric J. , Neben Wittich Michelle A. , Patel Samir H. , Routman David M. , Rwigema Jean-Claude M. , Van Abel Kathryn M. , Yin Linda X. , Muller Olivia M. , Shiraishi Satomi
Published: December 2023

Background: Approximately 75% of all head and neck cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy (RT). RT to the oral cavity results in acute and late adverse events which can be severe and detrimental to a patient’s quality of life and function. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between RT dose to a defined oral cavity organ at risk (OAR) avoidance structure, provider and patient reported outcomes (PROs), opioid use, and hospitalization. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained outcomes using multivariable modeling. The study included 196 patients treated with RT involving the oral cavity for a head and neck tumor. A defined oral cavity OAR avoidance structure was used in all patients for RT treatment planning. Validated PROs were collected prospectively. Opioid use and hospitalization were abstracted electronically from medical records. Results: Multivariable modeling revealed the mean dose to the oral cavity OAR was significantly associated with opioid use (p=0.0082) and hospitalization (p=0.0356) during and within 30 days of completing RT. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be valuable in RT treatment planning for patients with tumors of the head and neck region to reduce the need for opioid use and hospitalization during treatment.
Molecular Insights into the Specific Targeting of c-MYC G-quadruplex by Cell-Penetrating Peptides: An in silico Study
Authors: Cao Sen , Su Qian , Chen Yonghao , Wang Menglu , Xu Yi , Wang Lihui , Lu Yanhua , Li Jianfeng , Liu Jun , Hong Xiaojing , Wang Hongyan , Liu Jun-Ping , Wang Zhiguo
Published: December 2023

Stabilization of a G-quadruplex (G4) in the promotor of the c-MYC proto-oncogene leads to inhibition of gene expression, and it thus represents a potentially attractive new strategy for cancer treatment. However, most G4 stabilizers show little selectivity among the many G4s present in the cellular complement of DNA and RNA. Intriguingly, a crescent-shaped cell-penetrating thiazole peptide, TH3, preferentially stabilizes the c-MYC G4 over other promotor G4s, but the mechanisms leading to this selective binding remain obscure. To investigate these mechanisms at the atomic level, we performed an in silico comparative investigation of the binding of TH3 and its analogue TH1 to the G4s from the promotors of c-MYC, c-KIT1, c-KIT2, and BCL2. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, combined with in-depth analyses of non-covalent interactions and bulk and per-nucleotide binding free energies, revealed that both TH3 and TH1 can induce the formation of a sandwich-like framework through stacking with both the top and bottom G-tetrads of the c-MYC G4 and the adjacent terminal capping nucleotides. This framework produces enhanced binding affinities for the c-MYC G4 relative to other promotor G4s, with TH3 exhibiting an outstanding binding priority. Van der Waals interactions were identified to be the key factor in complex formation in all cases. Collectively, our findings fully agree with available experimental data. Therefore, the identified mechanisms leading to specific binding of TH3 towards the c-MYC G4 provide valuable information to guide the development of new selective G4 stabilizers.
Design and Performance Study of Decarbonization Tower for Ship Exhaust Gas
Authors: Wang Zhongcheng , ZHAO Zihao , Guo Hao , Zhou Hongzheng , Dong Changqing
Published: December 2023

To meet the International Maritime Organization’s requirements for carbon dioxide emissions from ships, a cost-effective and practical ship decarbonization tower was autonomously designed based on the marine diesel engine model 6135G128ZCa. The tower is internally filled with structured packing, and a slot-type liquid distributor at the top of the packing evenly distributes the NaOH solution to absorb carbon dioxide from the ship’s exhaust gas. Experimental research was conducted to investigate the influence of factors such as liquid-to-gas ratio and NaOH concentration on the performance of the decarbonization tower. The results confirmed that the use of NaOH solution can effectively absorb CO2 from ship exhaust gas, reducing CO2 emissions by more than 81.59% and meeting the EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index) requirements specified by the IMO.
Research on the Hobbing Processing Method of Marine Beveloid Gear
Authors: Wen Jianmin , Yao Haoyu , Li Hui , You Bindi
Published: December 2023

Due to the particular structure of the beveloid gear, it can’t be hobbed directly by an ordinary gear hobbing machine. The existing processing method is complex and high-cost. Therefore, the mass production and industrialization of beveloid gears are limited. To improve the machining efficiency and accuracy of processing beveloid gears, we proposed a hobbing method via the modification of ordinary hobbing machines. At first, we completed the derivation and calculation of the relevant processing parameters of the beveloid gear based on the study of the structural characteristics of the beveloid gear and the principle of hobbing machining. Then, we proposed and designed a beveloid gear hobbing method, and the modification of the ordinary hobbing machine was completed by using a hanging wheel mechanism in synchronous belt type. Finally, we completed the actual hobbing of the beveloid gear, and the feasibility of the proposed method was verified. After that, we analyzed the machining error of the trial-produced beveloid gear, the results showed that the accuracy of the trial-produced beveloid gear met the 6-level standard, which also verified the accuracy of the proposed method.
A Mechanistic Model of Binding Characterizes the Interplay between Temporo-Spatial Binding Strength and Noise
Authors: Kraikivski Pavel
Published: December 2023

The temporo-spatial theory of consciousness postulates that the brain implements its own inner time and space for conscious processing of outside world. In line with this hypothesis, I present a mechanistic model of mutually connected processes that encode the inner space and time. The model is used to elaborate the binding mechanism between two sets of processes representing the inner space and time, respectively. Further, a stochastic version of the model is developed to investigate the interplay between the binding strength and noise. The spectral entropy is used to characterize the noise effects on the systems of processes when the binding strength is varied. The stochastic modeling results reveal that the spectral entropy values for strongly bound systems have similar entropy values for weakly bound or even decoupled systems. Thus, the analysis performed in this study allows to conclude that the binding mechanism is noise-resilient.
LeafArea Package: A Tool for Estimating Leaf Area in Andean Fruit Species
Authors: Velasquez-Vasconez Pedro Alexander , Andrade Diaz Danita
Published: December 2023

Leaf area estimation is a critical component in the study of plant growth and productivity within agricultural systems. This research introduces the LeafArea package, a specialized tool designed to calculate the leaf area of six distinct Andean fruit species: S. quitoense, S. betaceum, P. peruviana, R. fruticosus, P. ligularis and P. edulis. Leveraging response variables such as species type, leaf length and width, the package employs advanced machine learning algorithms to estimate leaf area accurately. The primary focus of the study is to identify the most effective model for describing the relationship between leaf width, length, and area for each plant species. Currently, the LeafArea package utilizes four different machine learning algorithms, namely generalized linear model (GLM), generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), Random Forest and XGBoost. Among these, XGBoost stands out as a top-performing algorithm, exhibiting exceptional predictive accuracy. The evaluation metrics employed in the program provide valuable insights for researchers, aiding in informed decision-making. Specifically, XGBoost demonstrates significantly lower prediction errors and approaches a near-perfect R2 value, emphasizing its potential to enhance predictive accuracy. These results underscore the efficacy of machine learning techniques, as a compelling choice for researchers seeking precise and robust predictions in leaf area estimation. The LeafArea package thus represents a valuable tool for advancing our understanding of plant growth dynamics, resource allocation, and overall productivity within agricultural ecosystems.