bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE BAHASA JAWA DALAM PENGAJIAN SELAPANAN DUSUN GEDANGAN DESA NGARGOSOKA
Authors: Lestari Novi Wiji , Macaryus Sudartomo
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the form of code switching and mixed language code, the function of code switching and Javanese language code mixing, and the factors behind code switching and Javanese language code mixing in the recitation of the Selapanan Gedangan Hamlet, Ngargosoka Village. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The research data is in the form of a unit of events in the form of sentences or paragraphs which contain code switching and code mixing. The data source of this research is the use of language in the selapanan recitation of Gedangan hamlet, Ngargosoka village. The instruments in this study were researchers who were provided with a set of knowledge related to the form of code switching and code mixing. The method of data collection uses reading techniques and note taking techniques. The data analysis method used is the refer method. The data analysis technique uses matching techniques that are realized by basic techniques. The basic technique used in this study is the determining element (PUP) technique. The results of this study indicate that the form of Javanese code switching in the recitation of the Selapanan of Gedangan hamlet in Ngargosoka village was divided into three, namely: a) code switching from the Javanese language into a variety of Krama in Indonesian, b) code switching from Javanese to various types of ngoko , c) code switching from Javanese in the form of ngoko into Javanese in a variety of manners. The function of Javanese code switching in the recitation of the Selapanan of Gedangan hamlet in Ngargosoka village is as follows: a) more persuasive to invite or order, b) more argumentative, c) more communicative. The factors behind the Javanese language code switching in the Selapanan Gedangan hamlet in Ngargosoka village are: a) speakers, b) politeness and politeness, c) the subject matter (topic), d) versus speech, e) to generate a sense of humor, f) to just prestigious. Mixing the Javanese language code in the recitation of the Selapanan Gedangan hamlet, Ngargosoka village is divided into two forms, namely: a) basic word forms, and b) repetitive word forms. The function of interfering with the Javanese language code in the recitation of the Selapanan in the Gedangan hamlet of Ngargosoka village is as follows. a) more argumentative, b) more communicative, and c) more prestigious or prestigious. The factors behind the Javanese language code mix in the recitation of the Selapanan in Gedangan hamlet, Ngargosoka village are: a) politeness, and b) explain and interpret.
KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH UTANA PADA NOVEL LELAKI HARIMAU KARYA EKA KURNIAWAN: PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Noviyanti Putri Bekti , Dermawan Rusdian Noor
Published: July 2020

This study aims to find out: 1) the plot in the Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan; 2) characters and characterizations in the Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan; 3) the setting or setting in the Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan; 4) inner conflict in the Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan; 5) causes of inner conflict in the Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan. This type of research is qualitative research. The research data is in the form of a unit of events in the form of sentences and paragraphs contained in the Lelaki Harimau novel. The research data source is Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan. The instrument of this research is that the researchers themselves are equipped with a set of theories. The research data collection technique is carried out by reading the entire contents of the novel, observing, and recording the data obtained. The research data analysis technique was carried out with qualitative descriptive techniques. The results of this study: 1) The flow in the novel Lelaki Harimau by Eka Kurniawan is a mixed plot; 2) Figure and character, the main character in the novel Lelaki Harimau by Eka Kurniawan is Margio with an honest, trustworthy, innocent and caring character; 3) The location in the Lelaki Harimau novel is 131, Surau, Warung Agung Sofyan, Rumah Anwar Sadat, Hutan, Rumah Margio, 4) The form of the main character's inner conflict in Lelaki Harimau Novel by Eka Kurniawan is due to the main character being born and raised in the environment families who are very deficient do not make the main character feel happy; 5) Factors that cause the inner conflict of the main character in Novel Lelaki Harimau by Eka Kurniawan, internal factors and external factors.
SEMANTIK RAGAM MAKNA PADA JUDUL FILM AZAB DI INDOSIAR
Authors: Oktavia Wahyu
Published: July 2020

The research entitled â€œSemantic Variety of Meanings on The Title of The Film of Doom on Indosiar in 2018â€ aims to find out the semantic meanings contained in the title of the film doom on Indosiar. This study uses the method of listening and tapping which makes direct observations. This type of research is qualitative research whose data is analyzed based on a collection of the word. The results of the study showed that from 15 data of the doom movie title obtained from 4 synonym meanings, 2 acronym meanings, 2 meaning of dented shapes, 4 repeated word meanings, 3 figurative meanings and driving factors for the various writing languages.
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS HASIL OBSERVASI SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 16 TEBO
Authors: Apriyenti Lisa , Aurora Novia , Afnita Afnita
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship of reading skills in the text of the observation report and the text writing skills of the observation results of the VII students of SMPN 16 Tebo. This type of research uses quantitative research. This research method is descriptive method with correlational design. The population is seventh grade students at SMPN 16 Tebo which are divided into 105 people into four classes. The sample of this study was 32 people. This study consisted of two variables, namely the independent variable (reading comprehension skills of the text from the seventh grade observation report of Tebo 16 Public High School) and (dependent variable (writing skill in the seventh grade of Tebo SMPN 16 observational report). observations, need to read comprehension skills from observation reports.
RELIGIUSITAS DAN PROSES KREATIF A. MUSTOFA BISRI DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN LUKISAN KALIGRAFI: KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Ardi Ahmad Toni , Widowati Widowati
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to describe and explain (1) plot, (2) figure and character, (3) setting, (4) reality of life from boarding school, (5) religiosity A. Mustofa Bisri, and (6) creative process A. Mustofa Bisri in anthology short story Lukisan Kaligrafi. The type of research used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The results obtained in this research area. (1) Plot used is a progress manner and flashback. (2) ) Figure and character is Gus Jakfar: always curious, figure â€˜akuâ€™: wise, Ustadz Bachri: not easily hopeless, humble, Kang Amin: not easily give up. Meanwhile is available figure additional that is Kiai Tawakkal, Nabi Khidir, Hardi, Kiai Nur, Samsuddin. (3) geographical settings in anthology short story Lukisan Kaligrafi: Sabilul Muttaqin Boarding School, Pesantren Bambu, house of figure â€˜akuâ€™, house of Ustadz Bachri, theÂ warehouse of Ustadz Bachri, and exhibition location, Tanwirul â€˜Uquul Boarding School, city of recitation location. The social setting is muslim society in rural and life of santri. Time setting is night and daytime. (4) the reality of life from boarding school in anthology short story Lukisan Kaligrafi seen from the interaction which becomes aware antartokoh and between relation kiai, santri, and family ndalem boarding school in layer santri society. (5) Religiosity A. Mustofa Bisri relevance in anthology short story Lukisan Kaligrafi seen from activities religious, as recitation or dakwah with all his experience which pictured all short story. (6) Creative process A. Mustofa Bisri in anthology short story Lukisan Kaligrafi be born and processed from the life of A. Mustofa Bisri which not far dakwah world.
HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DAN PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATIC EDUCATION SISWA KELAS III SD N KARANGTENGAH BARU
Authors: Selfia Mela , Sri Purnami Ag.
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the increase in activity and mathematics study result of third grade students of Karangtengah Baru State Elementary School with Realistic Mathematic Education (RME). The type of this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The study was conducted in two cycles. Data collection techniques used observation, tests, and documentation. The research instrument used validity, difficulty, difference, and reliability testing. The technique of analyzing student activeness data by calculating the average percentage of student activity, while for the learning outcomes test is done by calculating the class average value and calculating the percentage of classical completeness. The results of the study showed that after applying the RME, student activity and learning outcomes increased. This can be shown in the increase in the final results of each cycle, in the pre cycle the average percentage of class activity is only 60%, in the first cycle the average percentage of class activity has increased 69.30%, and in the second cycle increase to 80.16%. The percentage increase in student learning outcomes from pre-action was 50.00%, increased in the first cycle was 62.50%, and in the second cycle was 87.50%. The results of this research are input so that third grade students of Karangtengah Baru State Elementary School can apply RME as one of the more alternative learning alternatives.
PENGEMBANGAN KONTEN E-LEARNING MATAKULIAH MEDIA DAN SUMBER BELAJAR BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Kurniawan Muhammad Ragil , Rofiah Nurul Hidayati
Published: July 2020

This study intends to develop the potential of digital-based learning resources. This research aims to: a) Knowing the process of developing E-learning content course of Media and Learning Resources based on Problem Based Learning, b) Knowing the appropriateness of E-learning content course of Media and Learning Resources based on Problem Based Learning. This research is research and development. The object of this research is media and learning resources course based on problem based learning. The data collection method used was an assessment sheet, supported by the results of interviews with education experts and practitioners. The data in this study are the results of assessments from experts. The results of the research data were processed using descriptive statistical data. The results are: a) E-learning content development procedures through four stages: preliminary study, development of learning design, product development and product evaluation. b) Assessment results by material experts is 3,4 (good category), media expert judge by 3,5 (good category), and prospective users judge by 4,3 (very good category). Based on the assessment result E-learning quality course of Media and Learning Resources based on problem based learning for learning materials in elementary schools are considered suitable for use as learning resources.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MEMAHAMI INFORMASI TEKS NONFIKSI MENGGUNAKAN METODE PQ4R PADA SISWA KELAS IV SD N GONDOLAYU
Authors: Kusumawanti Luky Tri , Nartani C. Indah
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research (1) to describe the improvement in understanding skills non-fiction text information using the PQ4R method and (2) to describe the activity in 4th- grade students of SDN Gondolayu participating in learning using the PQ4R method.  The type of this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) that consists of two cycles.  The result of this research indicates (1) understanding skills non-fiction text information on pre-action get an average 11,05.  In the first cycle, the average score of students increases 12,50 and second cycle the average score of students increases 15,05.  (2) student activities increase in each cycle.  This can be seen in first cycle observation get an average of 25,78 and increased in second cycle observation 29,63.  Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that PQ4R method can improve activities and understanding skills non-fiction text information in 4th- grade students of SDN Gondolayu.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA KELAS IV MELALUI MEDIA BERBASIS DOLANAN ANAK DI SD NEGERI WIROSABAN
Authors: Susanti Siti , Setiana Dafid Slamet
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the process of learning mathematics using child-based media can improve the understanding of mathematical concepts in fourth-grade students at Wirosaban State Elementary School. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of this study were 15 Class IV students of Wirosaban State Elementary School. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, test, and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques in this research are qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques. The results showed the use of child-based media can improve the understanding of mathematical concepts in fourth-grade students of Wirosaban State Elementary School. This can be seen from the results of the pre-cycle measures obtained an average value of 59.9 with the completeness of 26.7% and an average achievement indicator of 59.9%. In the first cycle, the average value of 68.3 was obtained with 60% completeness and the average achievement of concept understanding indicators was 68.3%. In the second cycle, an average value of 78.8 was obtained with 80% completeness and the average achievement of concept understanding indicators was 78.8%.
ANALISIS KESULITAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA SISWA KELAS I DI SDN DEMANGAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pridasari Fifin , Anafiah Siti
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research to describe the types of difficulties in reading the beginning, the causes of difficulty reading the beginning, and the efforts of the teacher in the face of difficulty reading beginning in Grade 1 students at SDN Demangan Yogyakarta. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research, with data collection using interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that there are types of difficulties in reading the beginning of students, namely the lack of student recall, difficulty spelling when the consonant is in the middle, difficulty seeing long distances, mistakes in changing letters, not yet Punctuation and difficulties in letter recognition. Factors for the cause of difficulty reading early physiological, intellectual, psychological, and solutions and efforts that have been done by the teacher in the learning process on the reading activities using Vidio to learn to read, using letters cards and Learning guidance.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) UNTUK MENGAKOMODASI KEBERAGAMAN SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK KELAS II DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH DANUNEGARAN
Authors: Pawestri Elok , Zulfiati Heri Maria
Published: July 2020

Research describes descriptive to develop LKPD to Accommodate Student Diversity in Class II Thematic Learning, study the feasibility of LKPD products based on expert validators, and study students' responses to LKPD products. This research was conducted at Muhammadiyah Danunegaran Elementary School. Data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The research method used in this study is the Research and Development (R&D) method. The steps of LKPD product development according to Borg and Gall's suggestion are 5 simple steps, namely: (1) product analysis to be developed or exploratory study, (2) initial product development, (3) expert validation and product improvement, (4) limited trials and product revisions, (5) main trials and final products. The research subjects were second-grade students of Muhammadiyah Danunegaran Elementary School. The results of the research are LKPD products that have been successfully developed. The feasibility of LKPD products has received a good rating from the validator material with an average score of 149, a good score from the validator, a linguist with an average score of 60, a good list from the validator, a media expert with an average score of 59, and also both from the teacher class with an average score of 75. Limited and primary trials show positive student responses with a percentage of 100%. Thus, the development of this LKPD product is of good quality and helps students in the thematic material of grade II Elementary School.
AMALIE EMMY NOETHER
Authors: De Andrade Maria Helena , De Oliveira Rannyelly Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

O artigo “Amalie Emmy Noether: A presença matemática feminina na História da Matemática” discorre sobre um relato de experiência com um grupo de oito alunos realizado numa escola municipal de Fortaleza, Ceará no dia da Matemática. Tendo por intuito divulgar em sala de aula a participação da mulher matemática, no condizente ao estudo da biografia de Emmy Noether, enfatizando o trabalho não remunerado e seu empenho em desenvolver e expandir a Matemática. Para isso, foi necessário um percurso estruturado em seis etapas registrada através de observações, anotações, conversas e fotos. Na primeira etapa os aprendizes receberam os questionamentos para respondê-los seguida das instruções de funcionamento do grupo e um roteiro de pesquisa. Na segunda aconteceu um diálogo para efetuar alguns esclarecimentos. A terceira foi baseada numa discussão quanto a melhor forma de apresentação das descobertas aos demais estudantes, na qual optaram por quiz na plataforma kahoot e caça-palavras em folha de ofício, os quais foram apresentados à professora no encontro seguinte. Posteriormente, se encontram e treinaram a apresentação e no encontro seguinte finalizaram o trabalho com a aplicação das atividades escolhidas aos demais sujeitos. A pesquisa deu ensejo aos participantes de dividirem momentos de interação e aprendizagem, uma vez que foi explicitado nas indagações e pontuações oriundas das falas registradas. Como também, a visão em relacionar o aprendizado com a disciplina de História, havendo no percurso alguns instantes de desequilibrio com posterior construção do conhecimento. Coube aos outros educandos uma oportunidade ímpar de conhecer a biografia da renomeada matemática de forma interativa e salutar.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA EM APLICAÇÕES DE CONTEÚDOS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: De Sousa de Mesquita Edina Carla , Araújo Sales Vanessa
Published: July 2020

O ensino da Matemática como disciplina obrigatória no currículo na Educação Básica mostra-se desafiador, pois inúmeros estudantes demonstram dificuldade de assimilar os conteúdos. Com isso, refletimos sobre o ensino da história da Matemática em consonância com a matéria escolar. A presente pesquisa apresenta como objetivo geral investigar a utilização da história da Matemática aplicada aos conteúdos na Educação Básica no município de Crateús-CE, além de propor reflexões acerca da forma que os profissionais docentes trabalham com a história da Matemática no contexto do processo ensino aprendizagem. Considerando a Geometria, existem fatos históricos que enriquecem o ensino tornando o estudo de postulados e teoremas mais significativos. Assim, propomos também desconstruir a ideia de aplicação uma matemática mística, pois algumas teorias que antes eram apresentadas sem explicação prévia, agora são relacionadas com a história e as condições nas quais foram elaboradas. Este artigo tem como enfoque uma pesquisa por meio de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida com professores de matemática da rede pública e privada de ensino na educação básica do município de Crateús-CE, localizada na microrregião do Sertão de Inhamuns, sobre a importância de ter a história da matemática introduzida nas aulas como um suporte para a melhor compreensão dos alunos em relação aos conteúdos ministrados. Aplicamos um questionário com cinco perguntas objetivas sobre o tema citado, para avaliarmos como o ensino da história dos conteúdos matemáticos é tratado pelos professores e alunos. Visto que, há uma grande dificuldade dos alunos em assimilar alguns conteúdos e a história da matemática seria uma forma de tentar diminuir esse desentendimento, pois se eles soubessem como surgiu o conteúdo e a sua importância dentro da matemática haveria um maior interesse e comprometimento dos alunos em relação à matemática. Para o estudo nos embasamos em autores como Batarce (2003),Bicudo& Borba (2005), D’Ambrósio (1996), De Gasperi (2008), Lins & Gimenez (1992), Mendes (2009), entre outros.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA COMO ALTERNATIVA METODOLÓGICA DE ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA PLANA ÁREA E PERÍMETRO
Authors: Costa Bruno Rodrigues , Machado Selma , Quaresma Alessandra
Published: July 2020

A História da Matemática acompanha a humanidade desde o início das organizações sociais, auxiliando o homem a resolver problemas, construir modelos, estabelecer associações, relações e quantificações entre os conhecimentos, sendo um instrumento que contribui no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, o referido trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada por duas alunas do curso de Licenciatura Plena em Matemática de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, localizado no município de Moju. O assunto envolvido refere-se a Geometria Plana, especificamente aos conteúdos de área e perímetro. A pesquisa ocorreu na Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Profº. Bernardino Pereira de Barros na turma do 9º ano com 23 alunos no município de Abaetetuba – Pará. Com isso, objetivamos mostrar a importância do ensino da História da Matemática como instrumento de incentivo e motivação no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Geometria. Tivemos como metodologia a História da Matemática, utilizando como ferramenta uma sequência de atividades para o ensino de área e perímetro, a qual foi balizada por meio da Engenharia Didática de segunda geração, evidenciadas pelas análises preliminares, analise a priori, experimentação e analise posteriori e validação. Dessa forma, apresentaremos os dados coletados, por meio de quadros, onde tivemos melhorias no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de área e perímetro, concluindo que o uso da História Matemática contribui positivamente para esse processo. Nessa perspectiva, a História da Matemática é uma das possibilidades de se ensinar a matemática, pois a torna mais próxima das realizações do cotidiano dando aos alunos um maior entendimento da sua presença quanto parte da sociedade para o surgimento da matemática.
ESTUDO DA ÁLGEBRA
Authors: Silva Elieudo Nogueira , De Souza Lima Ana Cristina , De Oliveira Tamara Sued Pinheiro
Published: July 2020

A álgebra vem se desenvolvendo ao longo dos anos, e hoje é considerada um importante ramo da matemática, sendo abordada no ensino fundamental, médio e superior. Ela trabalha a generalização, a abstração e a manipulação formal de equações, representando quantidades através de símbolos. O ensino de Álgebra tem se restringido a questões técnicas e operacionais, deixando de lado, muitas vezes, o desenvolvimento de conceitos e do pensamento algébrico. Deste modo, o corrente trabalho apresentará os conceitos que foram relevantes para o desenvolvimento da álgebra, ao longo dos séculos, tendo como objetivo, investigar o desenvolvimento histórico da formalização simbólica da álgebra, partindo dos conhecimentos de diferentes civilizações que por sua vez nos leva conhecer a trajetória de evolução da álgebra e as contribuições de grandes matemáticos até os dias atuais. A experimentação foi feita, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, através de referenciais teóricos publicados, analisando e discutindo as várias contribuições científicas, em Eves (2004), Boyer (1993), Fiorentini; Miorim; Miguel (1996), Baumgart (1996), e também em artigos acadêmicos de história da matemática, com finalidade de reunir subsídios suficientes para construir o desenvolvimento da álgebra mostrando a importância dos estudos realizados pelos grandes matemáticos da época. Como resultados, a pesquisa exterioriza a trajetória dos matemáticos em diversas civilizações na formalização da linguagem algébrica e seus estágios (retórica, sincopada e simbólica). Exprimindo a relevância do entendimento histórico da álgebra para compreensão e formalização da linguagem algébrica e as bases em que a álgebra se sustenta. Por fim, a pesquisa mostra a padronização da linguagem simbólica da álgebra.
ALGUNS CONHECIMENTOS MATEMÁTICOS QUE EMERGEM DA FABRICAÇÃO DA BALHESTILHA QUE SE ENCONTRA NO DOCUMENTO CHRONOGRAPHIA, REPORTORIO DOS TEMPOS...
Authors: De Sousa Batista Antonia Naiara
Published: July 2020

No intuito de aproximar ambos os campos, a educação matemática e a história da matemática, encontramos, na construção da interface, a possibilidade de articulá-los. Todavia, para iniciar essa construção, é necessário partir de um objeto de estudo, que, inicialmente, pode ser um documento ou texto original, um instrumento matemático, entre outros. Nesta pesquisa, temos como objeto de estudo o documento Chronographia, Reportorio dos Tempos... (1603), de Manuel de Figueiredo (1568 – 1622), mais especificamente, o texto que apresenta a fabricação da balhestilha ou radio astronômico. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar alguns conhecimentos matemáticos que emergem da fabricação da balhestilha. Esta pesquisa está baseada na construção de uma interface proposta por Saito e Dias (2013), na qual demos ênfase no primeiro movimento, que, a partir de uma contextualização histórica do documento no período no qual estava inserido, iniciamos uma conversa com o texto que apresenta a fabricação da balhestilha para identificar alguns conhecimentos matemáticos que estavam presentes no documento e, concomitantemente, no período. No entanto, antes da leitura do texto, realizamos um tratamento didático em relação às expressões, palavras e nomenclaturas que seriam de difícil compreensão. A partir dessa conversa com o texto, identificamos conhecimentos matemáticos do tipo, construção de retas paralelas e perpendiculares, bissetriz, trissecção de ângulos, ponto médio, além de perceber que, por meio dos seis momentos, que estão presentes na fabricação do instrumento, encontram-se construções geométricas que utilizam as definições dos Elementos de Euclides, com régua não milimetrada e compasso. Assim, este estudo visa contribuir para as pesquisas que vêm sendo desenvolvidas no âmbito da construção de uma interface, para articulação entre história e ensino de matemática.
HUKUM TATA NEGARA DARURAT CORONA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Michael Tomy
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to offer novelty regarding the emergency status issued by the Indonesian government appropriately. Using normative research with an orientation that is not based on conceptual. The initial beginnings that occurred in Indonesia resulted in changes in the application of the law, especially state administration law where an emergency had two components, namely the legal framework consisting of the constitution and the legislative basis for emergencies and the operational framework involving organizational structures and strategic plans for dealing with emergencies. In this case the government must immediately lockdown because in the principle of emergency state administration law is an absolute thing that must be done. To carry out lockdown, it requires firmness and a combined security of all parties. Lockdown must also be limited by legal norms such as a presidential decree to avoid arbitrariness by the government. Such understanding is important so that the country can run well.Keywords: corona; emergency statutory law; lossAbstrakTujuan penelitian menawarkan kebaruan terkait status kedaruratan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah Indonesia secara tepat. Menggunakan penelitian normatif dengan orientasi yang tidak bersumber pada konseptual. Permulaaan awal yang terjadi di Indonesia mengakibatkan perubahan dalam penerapan hukum khususnya hukum tata negara dimana adanya keadaan darurat memiliki dua komponen yaitu kerangka hukum yang terdiri dari undang-undang dasar dan basis legislatif untuk keadaan darurat serta kerangka kerja operasional yang melibatkan organisasi struktur dan rencana strategis untuk berurusan dengan keadaan darurat. Di dalam hal ini pemerintah harus segera melakukan lockdown karena dalam prinsip hukum tata negara darurat adalah hal mutlak yang harus dilakukan. Untuk melakasanakan lockdown maka dibutuhkan ketegasan dan gabungan keamanan dari segala piha. Lockdown juga wajib dibatasi dengan norma hukum seperti keputusan presiden agar tidak timbul kesewenang-wenangan dari pemerintah. Pemahaman demikian penting agar negara dapat berjalan dengan baik.Kata kunci: corona; hukum tata negara darurat; kerugian
Bias in the Air: A Nationwide Exploration of Teachers’ Implicit Racial Attitudes, Aggregate Bias, and Student Outcomes
Authors: Chin Mark J. , Quinn David M. , Dhaliwal Tasminda K. , Lovison Virginia S.
Published: July 2020

Theory suggests that teachers’ implicit racial attitudes affect their students, but large-scale evidence on U.S. teachers’ implicit biases and their correlates is lacking. Using nationwide data from Project Implicit, we found that teachers’ implicit White/Black biases (as measured by the implicit association test) vary by teacher gender and race. Teachers’ adjusted bias levels are lower in counties with larger shares of Black students. In the aggregate, counties in which teachers hold higher levels of implicit and explicit racial bias have larger adjusted White/Black test score inequalities and White/Black suspension disparities.
An integrated model of cultural reproduction: The case of China
Authors: Lu Yifei , Scandurra Rosario
Published: July 2020

Existing quantitative studies use various measurements and methods to examine Bourdieu's theory of cultural reproduction in the field of education, yet, most either misunderstand the conception, or only test part of the theory. This article addresses these gaps by using the "Structure-Disposition-Practice" framework to picture an integrated model of cultural reproduction. It aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the interrelationship between social position, parents' and student's dispositions, practices, and field empirically. Using the Chinese Educational Panel Survey (CEPS) we develop a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to test the theory. The results suggest parents' habitus plays a more crucial role in the cultural reproduction process than the family's social position in China. And social class may not be the primary source of educational inequality. The findings shed a light on quantitatively understanding the cultural reproduction process with relational thinking.
Impact of Coronavirus on Higher Education in Pakistan.docx
Authors: Zaidi Saba , Salah Saman
Published: July 2020

This article is written in order to highlight
the issues and difficulties the students and teachers are facing in Pakistan
related to online teaching. There are many issues for the students who are
living in the peripheries, they do not have timely and proper access to interact
apart from continues load shedding of electricity. Some of the faculty members
are also not IT savvy therefore they are also facing issues in online teaching
and uploading the relevant study material. Mostly, they are not even provided
with IT assistant for such task that may facilitate them. This research has
highlighted some of these issues and have given suggestion to the policy makers
and higher education that may help them.
perangkat sumber daya manusia
Authors: Wagiarni
Published: July 2020

Manajemen komputer Secara prinsip adalah dasar penyusunan komponen atau gabungan sebuah alat yang dirakit menjadi kesatuan utuh dalam sebuah rangkaian eletronik menjadi sebuah alat dinamakan komputer, yang bisa digunakan untuk membantu manusia dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaannya. Untuk bisa bekerja, alat tersebut memerlukan adanya program danmanusia. Pengertian manusia kemudian dikenal dengan istilah brainware (perangkat manusia). Manajemen hardware - software - brainware adalah merupakan konsep tri-tunggal yang tidak bisa dipisahkan satu dengan lainnya. Untuk tahap pertama, manusia harus memasukkan program terlebih dahulu kedalam komputer. Setelah Setelah program tersimpan didalam komputer, maka komputer baru bisa bekerja untuk membantu manusia dalam menyelesaikan persoalan ataupun pekerjaannya. Nah, perangkat manusia itu sendiri ialah istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan sistem komputeradalah istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan sistem computer.
Brainware
Authors: Nur'aini Siti
Published: July 2020

Perangkat Sumber Daya Manusia adalah bagian terpenting dari komponen sistem informasi dalam dunia bisnis yang dikenal sebagai sistem informasi manajemen. Komponen perangkat sumber daya ini merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dengan kompone nlainnya didalam suatu sistem informasi sebagai hasil dari perencanaan,analisis,perancangan,dan strategi implementasi yang didasarka npada komunikasi diantara sumber daya manusia yang terlibat dalam suatu organisasi. Perangkat sumber daya manusia adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan sistem komputer. Manusia merupakan suatu elemen dari sistem komputer. Manusia adalah yang merancang bagaimana suatu mesin dapat bekerja sesuai dengan hasil yang diinginkannya.
Hendra utama Zein
Authors: Zein Hendara Utama
Published: July 2020

Perangkat Sumber Daya Manusia
Perangkat Sumber daya manusia
Authors: nurulafifahhadi@gmail.com
Published: July 2020

Perangkat Sumber daya manusia menjadi bagian terpenting dalam menjalankan dan mengoperasikan sebuah perangkat komputer. Manusia merupakan suatu elemen dari sistem komputer yang merangsang bagaimana suatu mesin dapat bekerja sesuai dengan hasil yang diinginkan. Istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan komputer adalah Brainware. Brainware adalah semua personil atau tenaga kerja di bidang komputer, yakni yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pembentukan sistem komputerisasi maupun yang menangani dan mengawasi langsung bagian pengelolaan bebantuan komputer. Brainware terdiri dari Programmer, Sistem Analis, Administrator, Teknisi Handware, Teknisi Jaringan dan Web Master.
Publication by association: the Covid-19 pandemic reveals relationships between authors and editors
Authors: Locher Clara , Moher David , Cristea Ioana , Florian NAUDET
Published: July 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the rush to scientific and political judgments on the merits of hydroxychloroquine was fuelled by dubious papers which may have been published because the authors were not independent from the practices of the journals in which they appeared. This example leads us to consider a new type of illegitimate publishing entity, “self-promotion journals” which could be deployed to serve the instrumentalisation of productivity-based metrics, with a ripple effect on decisions about promotion, tenure, and grant funding.
Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Problem Gambling, Excessive Gaming and Loot Box Purchasing.
Authors: Garea Shaun , Drummond Aaron , Sauer James D. , Hall Lauren , Williams Matt N
Published: July 2020

Loot boxes are purchasable randomised rewards contained in some video games. Concerns have been raised that these share psychological and structural features with traditional forms of gambling, and that they may exacerbate excessive video gameplay. Here, we quantitatively summarise two specific research areas regarding loot box spending using meta-analyses. We examined the relationships between loot box spending and (1) problem gambling (15 studies), and (2) excessive gaming (7 studies). We found significant small-to-moderate positive correlations between loot box spending and gambling symptomology, r = 0.26, and excessive gaming, r = 0.25. However, a Trim and Fill analysis increased the estimated relationship between loot box spending and problem gambling symptomology to a moderate association (r = 0.37). Fail-safe N scores indicated that more than 8360 (gambling) and 700 (gaming) studies with a mean effect size of zero would be required to alter the significance of the finding. Our results suggest a small but replicable and potentially clinically relevant relationship between gambling symptomology and loot box spending that is at least as large, if not larger than, the relationship between excessive gaming symptoms and loot box spending. Further research should examine the potential for statistical interactions between these constructs.
Externalizing Behavior and Academic Achievement : Do Causal Relations Exist?
Authors: Kulkarni Tara , Sullivan Amanda , Kim Jiwon
Published: July 2020

Children’s low academic skills are associated with a variety of behavior problems and maladaptive outcomes throughout childhood and adulthood. Given the prevalence of behavioral disorders is approximately 19% of all US children, understanding of the mechanisms through which academic achievement and externalizing behavior problems interact can inform effective intervention to prevent persistent academic failure, chronic behavioral difficulties, and related negative long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to systematically review research on the association between low academic achievement and externalizing behavior problems, as well as evaluate the research indicating causal linkages, if any, between the two domains. Five databases were searched, including OVID Medline, PsycInfo, Academic Search Premier, ERIC, Education Resource and PROQUEST. Search terms included statistical designs that could support a hypothetical causal association (e.g., structural equation modeling). We screened a total of 1,990 studies, of which 26 met the final inclusion criteria. In total, ten studies reported significant negative effects between the two domains, of which only six reported effect sizes that could be considered meaningful. All but two reported these effects in the direction of early externalizing behavior problems to later academic achievement. Overall, there was inconclusive evidence for either a causal or predictive relationship. Implications for future research and educational practice are discussed.
Regional Covid-19 Mortality in Brazil by Age
Authors: Baptista Emerson A. , Queiroz Bernardo L
Published: July 2020

In this study, we introduce a ternary colour coding to visualize and compare the age structure of deaths by COVID-19 (until 06/30/2020) in Brazilian small-areas using the tricolore package in R. The analysis of age profile is important to better understand the dynamics of the pandemic and how it affects the population according to age groups (0-19, 20-59, and >60 years) and regions of the country. The results highlight the importance of looking at the small-areas and show that there are many pandemics going on in Brazil at the same time, instead of a single one. The pandemic is increasing in the interior of the country, but we still observed several cases and deaths in the major cities and, as of today, very few signs of reduction in the spread of the disease. We also show that the number of cases is more concentrated in females, but deaths are prevalent among men. The CFR for males is greater than the ones for females, but also mortality for young adult males is greater when compared with other countries.
Systematic Review of Therapeutic Alliance Measurement Instruments in Physiotherapy
Authors: Gutiérrez-Sánchez Daniel , Pérez-Cruzado David , Cuesta-Vargas Antonio I.
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Interest in measuring the therapeutic alliance has grown in recent years in both the clinical field and the literature. Several instruments can be used to measure the therapeutic alliance in physiotherapy, and choosing the most appropriate one is challenging. The purpose of this systematic review was to (1) identify the instruments that have been used to evaluate the therapeutic alliance in physiotherapy and (2) appraise the methodological quality of studies of the psychometric properties of these instruments. Method: The researchers carried out a systematic search in MEDLINE, SciELO, PsycINFO, Theseus, Cochrane Library, and Open Grey. Only articles published in English and Spanish were included. The articles were evaluated by two independent reviewers in accordance with the COnsensus- based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) and Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis standards, using the four-point COSMIN checklist. Results: Four studies were included in this review, and four instruments evaluated the therapeutic alliance in physiotherapy. The methodological quality of the studies was fair for most of the psychometric characteristics analyzed. Conclusions: The Working Alliance Inventory is the best instrument to measure therapeutic alliance and the measure that had the greatest number of psychometric properties evaluated against the COSMIN standard. More studies of high methodological quality are required to evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments used to assess the therapeutic alliance in physiotherapy.
Updating the Evidence: Suctioning Practices of Physiotherapists in Ontario
Authors: Triemstra Samantha , Liang Haiyun , Gooder Megan , Livings Nicole , Spencer Abbigale , Beavers Lindsay , Brooks Dina , Miller Erin
Published: July 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe current tracheal suctioning practices of physiotherapists in the province of Ontario and to determine what factors influence these practices. Method: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted. An online survey link and quick response code were mailed to Ontario physiotherapists who were actively providing patient care and were authorized to perform tracheal suctioning as identified by the College of Physiotherapists of Ontario. Results: Ninety physiotherapists participated in the survey (23% response rate). Most (66%) suctioned in an intensive care setting, and many (41%) reported frequently using a closed endotracheal suctioning system. Hyperoxygenation was frequently performed before suctioning by 48% of participants, and only 18% frequently hyperoxygenated after suctioning. Most participants reported infrequently performing saline instillation (52%) and infrequently hyperinflating before suctioning (79%). Clean gloves were reported as the personal protective equipment most frequently worn across all suctioning approaches, and goggles and sterile gloves were least often worn while suctioning. Previous suctioning experience had the most influence on suctioning practices, and limited access to equipment had the least influence. Conclusions: Some of the tracheal suctioning practices of physiotherapists in Ontario vary from evidence-based clinical guidelines.
Covid-19, medios digitales y Facebook: interacciones, tratamiento y análisis de contenido basado en palabras clave de noticias de okdiario.com y eldiario.es
Authors: Lázaro-Rodríguez Pedro
Published: July 2020

An analysis of the news on Covid-19 published by okdiario.com and eldiario.es until the end of April 2020 is carried out considering interactions on Facebook (shares, comments, and reactions) as the consumption measure. The analysis includes the evolution of the news published; an analysis of the interactions on Facebook, including the top 10 news items with the most interactions for each media; and a content analysis based on the keywords extracted from the metatags of the digital news websites. The evolution of the publication volume is similar for both media, but okdiario.com achieves a greater number of interactions. Based on the content analysis, okdiario.com can be related to the Polarized Pluralist Model defined by Hallin and Mancini (2004), and eldiario.es with the Democratic Corporatist Model, at least concerning news on Covid-19. The results obtained will be useful for people to decide which media outlet is more appropriate to address their information needs, at least in relation to the topic analyzed. Finally, the value and originality of this work lie in the extraction of keywords from the metatags of the news published by the media, considered as the basis of the content analysis. This technique can be used in future research to produce thematic media maps, as it is done in other fields such as bibliometrics and science mapping analysis.

Resumen
Se analizan las noticias publicadas sobre Covid-19 por los medios digitales okdiario.com y eldiario.es hasta finales del mes de abril de 2020, tomando como medida de su consumo las interacciones en Facebook (shares, comentarios y reacciones). El análisis se centra en la evolución del volumen de noticias; en las interacciones en Facebook incluyendo el top 10 de noticias con más interacciones; y en un análisis de contenido basado en las palabras clave extraídas de las metaetiquetas de las noticias para analizar el tratamiento que hacen los medios sobre el tema. El volumen de publicación es similar en ambos medios pero okdiario.com supera a eldiario.es en interacciones en Facebook. En cuanto al análisis de contenido, los resultados permiten identificar a okdiario.com con el modelo pluralista polarizado de Hallin y Mancini (2004), y a eldiario.es con el modelo democrático corporativo, al menos en lo que a las noticias sobre Covid-19 se refiere. Los resultados pueden ser útiles a la población en su decisión de a qué medio acudir para cubrir sus necesidades de información, también al menos en lo que al tema analizado se refiere. El valor y originalidad del trabajo radican en la extracción de palabras clave de las metaetiquetas de las noticias dadas por los medios y utilizadas para el análisis de contenido. Esta técnica puede ser utilizada en futuros trabajos para elaborar mapas temáticos de medios de comunicación, tal y como se hace en otras disciplinas como la bibliometría y el mapeo científico.
Robotic Sentinel Lymph Node Procedure After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of High Risk Early Gastric Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Borgstein Alexander B.J. , Borgstein Alexander B.J. , Eshuis WJ , Gisbertz SS , Henegouwen MI van Berge
Published: July 2020

Endoscopic resection (ER) is the treatment of choice for early gastric cancer (T1) without lymph node
involvement. An additional gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy is recommended if ER is considered as
non-curative. Here, we present a case of a robot-assisted sentinel lymph node procedure performed with the
use of duel-tracer, including ICG fluorescence and technetium-99, after a non-curative ESD for an early
gastric tumor. Five “hot” lymph nodes were resected, one of which was positive for metastasis. A subtotal
gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was performed additionally during the same procedure. This case
presentation indicates the feasibility of a robot-assisted sentinel lymph node procedure in early gastric
cancer.
EFFECT OF PHYTOP 8.67 SPECIMEN ON THE CARROT
Authors: Tsvetkova V. P. , Maslennikova V. S. , Nesterenko V. A.
Published: July 2020

The UN Food Agency announced 2020 as International Year for Plant Protection. About 40% of crop yields losses are caused by pests and diseases. Due to this, millions of people suffer from hunger. Therefore, there is a need to seek for and select environmentally friendly and highly effective products that will increase yields and the production quality. In 2017-2018, in the Novosibirsk Region, it was shown in field trials and production experiments that the biopreparation Phytop 8.67 based on the bacteria of the genus Bacillus has antagonistic activity in relation to carrot alternativeariosis (the causative agent is Alternaria dauci carrots, reduces the plants prevalence during the vegetation period, and also has a growth stimulating effect. The prevalence of brown leaf spotting decreased by 4.8 times, and the biological effect of Phytop 8.67 in two years with respect to the disease progress was 63.2 (after 10 weeks) and 78.4% (after 12 weeks). In the experimental variants, the plants were statistically more reliable than the control ones and were more foliated on all the dates of accounting. Application of biospecimen increased 1 root crop weight by 1,7 times in the control variant, in finedelivery experiment and by 1,4 times - in industrial one. Due to this, the authors recommend applying Phytop 8.67 specimen as a fungicide, a growth stimulator in order to increase carrot productivity.