bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Trend of Increasing Primary Dysmenorrhea Prevalence in Mexican University Students
Authors: Ortiz Mario I.
Published: March 2023

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a menstrual condition characterized by severe and frequent pain related to menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea is a major problem worldwide since its prevalence ranges from 28% to 94% in some populations. Studies in specific populations of changes in the prevalence of dysmenorrhea over time have been scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence and characteristics of primary dysmenorrhea between two independent populations of Mexican university women over time (2010 versus 2020). Methods: An anonymous multiple-choice questionnaire was completed by two independent groups of students. Variables from the two studies were extracted and compared between them. The degree of dysmenorrheic pain was assessed by a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) ranging from “no pain” to “the worst pain imaginable”. Study A included 1539 women (published in 2010), and Study B included 2154 women (realized in 2020). Results: A total of 3693 students were surveyed. Dysmenorrhea prevalence was established in 62.4% (n = 961) in survey A and 78.9% (n = 1699) in survey B (p < 0.05). The pain means were 54.1 ± 23.4 mm and 64.0 ± 20.6 mm for Studies A and B, respectively (p < 0.05). Moderate-severe pain was reported by 753 (78.4%) women in Study A and 1546 (91.0%) women in Study B. Significantly more students from Study B (90.4%) had limitations in daily activities due to dysmenorrhea compared to women from Study A (65.0%) (p < 0.05). School absenteeism in Study B (50.6%) was significantly higher than that in Study A (27.4%) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and the presence of symptoms in students showed statistically significant increases over time (2010 versus 2020). Similarly, due to the symptoms of dysmenorrhea, school absenteeism increased significantly, and daily activities were progressively affected.
Success Rate and Clinical Outcomes of External Cephalic Version with or without Anesthesia for Breech Presentation at Term in China
Authors: Yang Jing , Lu Zhaie , Liu Tiantian , Chen Aner , Dai Qiaona , Sun Tingting , Ying Hongjun , Wang Qin , He Xiaobo
Published: March 2023

Background: To determine whether neuraxial anesthesia (NA) can improve the success rate of external cephalic version (ECV), and evaluate the clinical outcomes. Methods: This study included 201 consecutive participants who had a breech presentation at term and received ECV between 2014 and 2022. Participants who received ECV without NA were included in Group 1, while participants with NA were included in Group 2. Outcomes assessed were the success rate of ECV and clinical outcomes. Results: In total, 201 participants who had a breech presentation at term and received ECV met the inclusion criteria. Totally, 134 participants performed ECV without NA were included in Group 1, while 67 participants performed the ECV with NA were included in Group 2. The success rate of ECV among the participants was 66.2% (133/201). The rate of placental abruption during or after ECV and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in Group 2 was statistically significant higher than in the Group 1 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggested that the use of NA did not increase ECV success rates after 37 weeks of gestation. The recommendation of NA for the ECV may be not suitable for all pregnancies unless the participants request. A large and high-quality study should be conducted to verify the role of NA in ECV, if any.
The Relationship between Serum Calcium Level and Risk Factor of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Song Yu-Xin , He Lian-Ping , Li Cui-Ping
Published: March 2023

Background: The relationship between serum calcium levels and pregnancy-induced hypertension is controversial. This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum calcium levels and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Methods: The following database: Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed, were searched to identify articles on the relationship between serum calcium levels and pregnancy-induced hypertension. The meta-analysis was conducted by using Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Results: A total of twenty one articles included in the present study. The meta-analysis revealed that patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) had lower calcium levels (standardized weighted mean difference (SMD) = –0.68; 95% (–0.79, –0.56); p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study suggests that serum calcium levels may be associated with the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Investigating Endocrine Disrupting Impacts of Nine Disinfection Byproducts on Human and Zebrafish Estrogen Receptor Alpha
Authors: Lee Sang-Ah , Park Chang Gyun , Esterhuizen Maranda , Choi Ian , Ryu Chang Seon , Yang Ji Hun , Kim Young Jun
Published: March 2023

Background: Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) cause endocrine disruption via estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects on estrogen receptors. However, most studies have focused on human systems, with little experimental data being presented on aquatic biota. This study aimed to compare the effects of nine DBPs on zebrafish and human estrogen receptor alpha (zERα and hERα). Methods: In vitro enzyme response-based tests, including cytotoxicity and reporter gene assays, were performed. Additionally, statistical analysis and molecular docking studies were employed to compare ERα responses. Results: Iodoacetic acid (IAA), chloroacetonitrile (CAN), and bromoacetonitrile (BAN) showed robust estrogenic activity on hERα(maximal induction ratios of 108.7%, 50.3%, and 54.7%, respectively), while IAA strongly inhibited the estrogenic activity induced by 17β-estradiol (E2) in zERα (59.8% induction at the maximum concentration). Chloroacetamide (CAM) and bromoacetamide (BAM) also showed robust anti-estrogen effects in zERα (48.1% and 50.8% induction at the maximum concentration, respectively). These dissimilar endocrine disruption patterns were thoroughly assessed using Pearson correlation and distance-based analyses. Clear differences between the estrogenic responses of the two ERαs were observed, whereas no pattern of anti-estrogenic activities could be established. Some DBPs strongly induced estrogenic endocrine disruption as agonists of hERα, while others inhibited estrogenic activity as antagonists of zERα. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed similar correlation coefficients for estrogenic and anti-estrogenic responses. Reproducible results were obtained from computational analysis and the reporter gene assay. Conclusions: Overall, the effects of DBPs on both human and zebrafish highlight the importance of controlling their differences in responsiveness for estrogenic activities including the water quality monitoring and endocrine disruption, as DBPs have species-specific ligand-receptor interactions.
Ethnobotanical Survey and Pharmacological Screening of Medicinal Plants Used as Antihypertensive in Sefrou Province (Middle-North of Morocco): Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Lyoussi Badiaa , Bakour Meryem , Cherkaoui-Tangi Khadija , El-Hilaly Jaouad , Hano Christophe
Published: March 2023

Herbal medicine was used since the old time in the treatment of different types of diseases in Sefrou province, Morocco. However, few studies have been carried out to identify local medicinal flora and to scientifically document the knowledge of the traditional use of these medicinal plants by the population. This study aims to investigate the medicinal plants in Sefrou province, record their usage in folk medicine by the population and evaluate the hypotensive effect of selected plants using in vitro vascular activity. For that, an ethnobotanical survey was conducted among the Arabs and Amazighs population of Sefrou province from January 2017 to December 2018. The survey was conducted through oral interviews with a structured questionnaire. It covered those who knew and/or used plants for medicinal purposes, retailers, and wholesalers, and also included ecological repartition as well as the mode of administration. Then we selected some plants to evaluate the antihypertensive activity based on the in vitro bioassay. A total of 134 medicinal plants belonging to 52 families were identified; 61% are wild species, 49 (36%) are cultivated and 4 (3%) are cultivated as well as spontaneous. Medicinal plants used in Sefrou folk medicine have been investigated for their antihypertensive activity. They were selected based on their usage as cardiotonic, diuretics, and other uses related to the symptoms of hypertension. Most of the plants tested in this study were found to be more sensitive to relaxing contractions induced by noradrenaline. Out of 32 species examined, 14 (44%) showed more than 50% inhibition in isolated rat aortic rings, the vasorelaxant activity of these plants used for the screening was mostly inhibited by pre-treatment with N-ω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOArg). The plants inventoried are alleged to be active against 104 therapeutic indications. Nine common symptoms are widely treated in indigenous pharmacopeia: gastrointestinal (19 plants), renal (27 plants), broncho-pulmonary system (7 plants), skin (13 species), diabetes (12 plants), cardiovascular (13 plants), eye, ear, nose, teeth, and throat diseases (5 plants); gynecological disorders (6 plants); rheumatism and gnawing pain (11 plants). 14% (19 species) of the plant inventoried are traded on a large scale and scope and more than 90 percent of the medicinal plants purchased from Sefrou go to big cities for export. The expansion of unregulated trade and commercial use of medicinal and aromatic plants poses a major threat to biodiversity in the region. Overall, people in Sefrou hold rich knowledge of herbal medicine. The vasorelaxant activity proved for the documented plants will provide a basis for other preclinical and clinical investigations.
Potential Loss From Parking Levies
Authors: Sari Vita Fitria , Cheisviyanny Charoline , Deviani Deviani
Published: March 2023

The existence of abundant illegal parking attendants in the city of X causes a leakage of parking revenue. The phenomenon of loss in parking levies encourages us to conduct this research. This research is an exploratory research with a quantitative descriptive approach to calculate the potential of parking loss in X city. Data were collected through interview and observation which never been done. We interviewed illegal parking attendants from 4 sub-districts by using convenience sampling which never been used before. This study found that the optimal potential of parking levies in a year reached IDR 8.682.868.820,- while the average realization of parking levies within five years was only IDR 1.427.539.500.- per year. This means that only 16.44% of potential parking levies are realized in a year. So there are still 83.56% potential parking levies haven't been recognized. It shows that local governments have not been able to identify the number of potential parking levies and impress parking mismanagement.
Tugas pendidikan multikultural_vanesa saroinsong
Authors: RAKINAUNG OXINCE GLEDIS
Published: March 2023

Multi artinya banyak, sedangkan kulturalisme artinya aliran/ideologi budaya. Multikulturalisme berarti pandangan yang mengakomodasi banyak aliran atau ideology budaya. Multikulturalisme mengkonsepkan pandangan terhadap keanekaragaman kehidupan di dunia, ataupun kebijakan kebudayaan yang menekankan tentang penerimaan terhadap adanya keragaman, dan berbagai macam budaya di dalam realitas masyarakat menyangkut nilai-nilai, sistem sosial, praktik budaya, adat-kebiasaan, dan filosofi politik yang dianut dalam konteks tertentu. Multikulturalisme tidak bertujuan untuk menciptakan keseragaman ala monisme atau pun penciptaan budaya universal ala pluralisme. Multkulturalisme lebih maju dari monisme dan pluralisme.
Pendidikan multikultural
Authors: Talokon Vidry
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan adalah salah satu bidang yang sangat menentukan dalam kemajuan suatu Negara.Indonesia adalah Negara kesatuan yang terdiri dari berbagai macam suku, adat, agama, bahasa, dan lain-lain. Kesatuan ini akan menjadi bentuk Negara secara plural melalui pendidikan. Perbedaan ini dapat disatukan agar tidak terjadi diskriminasi yang menyudutkan pada salah satu golongan sehingga pembangunan Indonesia terlambat.
MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: oruw Lamek
Published: March 2023

Maka agama memiliki potensi untuk menimbulkan suatu konflik internal maupun eksternal yang akhirnya dapat merugikan masyarakat itu sendiri.Agustian, Murniati. Pendidikan Multikultural. Penerbit Unika Atma Jaya Jakarta, 2019.Agustian, M. (2019). Pendidikan Multikultural. Penerbit Unika Atma Jaya Jakarta.
KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI LARAT KECAMATAN TANIMBAR UTARA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGGARA BARAT (COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS IN IMROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN LARAT KECAMATAN TANIMBAR UTARA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGGARA BARAT)
Authors: Soemarsono Dian Wahyu P
Published: March 2023

Abstrak:Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsi Tentang kompetensi guru dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di larat kecamatan tanimbr utara kabupaten Maluku tenggara barat. Data yang diperoleh melalui studi literatur dari bebepara referensi sebagai penguatan dalam pembahasan artikel. Referensi yang digunakan merupakan hasil penelitian dan buku rujukan. Pembahasan artikel ini menunjukkan uraian capaian Tentang kompetensi guru dalam mutu pendidikan.Kata kunci: Kompetensi Guru, Mutu PendidikanAbstract:This article aims to find and describe the competence of teachers in improving the quality of education. Data obtained through literature study of several references a reinforcement in the discussion of the article.the reference used is the result of research and references book.the article shows the description of the achievement of teacher competence in the quality of education.Keywords: Teachers Competencies,Quality of education
MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: oruw Lamek
Published: March 2023

Keragaman Indonesia tidak saja tercermin dari banyaknya pulau yang dipersatukan di bawah satu kekuasaan negara, melainkan juga keragaman warna kulit, bahasa, etnis agama dan budaya. Dalam perspektif sosiologi, agama dipandang sebagai sistem kepercayaan yang diwujudkan dalam perilaku sosial tertentu.
Multi-fold Higgs Fields and Bosons
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: March 2023

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles, that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure, and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes, and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model without new Physics other than gravity. These considerations hint at an even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model.This paper propose that Higgs bosons live in spacetime both of the multi-fold universe and of a 7D unconstrained Kaluza-Klein (KK) flat spacetime. With such a result, we can evolve the results and understandings from our original multi-fold paper and propose that concretized spacetime location are actually Higgs bosons microscopic black holes fluctuating around minimal Schwarzschild Planck black holes associated to the Higgs field. It could explain how the Higgs acquired mass and, as a result, why reconstruction-based inflation could be modeled by Higgs bosons as inflatons, and how it is setup for the electroweak symmetry breaking. With the Higgs boson living at the edge of a 7D space embedding the multi-fold universe spacetime, and in the multi-folds, we explain why multi-fold support Higgs presence in its tenancy model, something needed in order recover the equivalence principle and gravity. With the resulting refined multi-fold model, omni presence of the Higgs field, and absence of an energy budget to concretize spacetime can now be explained.We also further speculate on the right-handed neutrinos in a multi-fold universe, the axion and the maximal parity breaking of the Electroweak interaction with consequences for explanations of matter vs. antimatter asymmetry via axiogenesis, and of dark matter; topics where we already know that axions are not required in multi-fold universes, although not forbidden.In this paper, we again predict right-handed neutrinos, and their anti-particles, hidden behind the Higgs, at the entry and exit points of multi-folds.
Costa et al., 2023 - Effect of a school-based multicomponent intervention on time-segmented physical activity and sedentary behavior among Brazilian adolescents: The Movimente Study
Authors: da Costa Rafael Martins , Lopes Marcus Vinícius Veber , da Costa Bruno Goncalves Galdino , Malheiros Luís Eduardo Argenta , Santos Priscila Cristina dos , Arundell Lauren , da Silva Kelly Samara
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess the effect of the Movimente Study on device-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in two-time segments of the school day amongst Brazilian adolescents.Design: Cluster-randomised controlled trial.Methods: Six elementary schools were randomized into the intervention (Movimente group) or control group (CG). Participants were in 7th-9th grades. The present study’s sample consisted of students from two small-sized schools (one from the Movimente group and another from the control group) since there was a limited number of accelerometers. A school year (2017) multicomponent intervention was delivered consisting of three components: 1) teacher training, 2) education curriculum, and 3) school environment. PA and SB were measured using GT3x+ ActiGraph hip-worn accelerometers at baseline and end-intervention. The segments of the day were: In-School (08:00–11:59) and Out-of-School (12:00–22:00) time. A two-level linear mixed model assessed the effect of the intervention on light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), SB, and MVPA/SB ratio within and between groups.Results: There was a significant effect on the Movimente group compared to the control group for MVPA, SB, and MVPA/SB ratio performed in the Out-of-school segment, but not in the In-school segment. However, there were no significant differences within- nor between-group differences in LPA in both day segments. Conclusions: The Movimente Study increased the MVPA, the ratio of MVPA/SB, and decreased SB of the adolescents compared to their peers in the control group in the Out-of-school segment.
Facilitating Human-Robot Interaction through Emotional Control: A Case Study of Optimus and Large Language Model Chatbots
Authors: Thomas Abraham
Published: March 2023

The unveiling of Optimus, the Tesla Bot, has raised concerns about the potential risks associated with humanoid robots. However, Tesla has yet to reveal how Optimus will interact with humans. This paper advocates for the integration of chatbots, based on large language models, into Optimus to facilitate human interaction. The paper argues that human brains operate as pattern recognition systems and that emotions serve as control algorithms that enable social coexistence. The current state of chatbot interactions is discussed, highlighting their emphasis on realism and practicality, rather than amicable social living. The paper elucidates the role of emotions in the brain, specifically the use of fear and compassion as fail-safe controls for communal living. Fear and compassion have been instrumental in preventing deadly conflicts, allowing billions of humans to coexist peacefully. This paper proposes that the chatbots utilized by Optimus prioritize emotional control to align with human values and objectives.
Advanced Applications for Kerr Micro-combs
Authors: Moss David
Published: March 2023

We present our latest results for advanced applications of optical Kerr frequency microcombs, including an optical convolutional accelerator operating at 11 Tera-OPS, as well as real-time video signal processing at a speed of 17 Terabits/s.
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Talokon Vidry
Published: March 2023

Sejak zaman dulu, migrasi dan imigrasi menjadi salah satu fenomena manusia. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari dua hal tersebut menimbulkan diskriminasi, yang kemudian menghasilkan konflik. dan kemudian berlanjut sampai pada masa kini, seperti rasisme yang terjadi di Amerika yang membedakan antara orang kulit putih dan kulit gelap, ataupun di Indonesia diskriminasi terhadap agama masih banyak kali terjadi di berbagai tempat. Upaya yang prnah dilakukan untuk diskriminasi berupa asimilasi. Asimilasi adalah pembaruan kebudayan yang meyebabkan hilangnya ciri khas kebudayaan asli dan dapat membentuk kebudayaan baru. Tidak hanya itu itu segregasi juga pernah digunakan, dimana seorang imigran dengan perbedaan SARA, dipisahkan dengan kelompok dominan. Sebagai contoh yaitu masyarakat Yahudi selama nasisme di Jerman, suku Aborigin di Australia.
Outgroup Bias and the Unacceptability of Tax Fraud
Authors: Mendoza Aviña Marco , Arel-Bundock Vincent , Blais André , De La Feria Rita , Harell Allison
Published: March 2023

In countries with well-developed welfare state systems, it is often claimed that racial or ethnic minorities impose a heavy burden on social assistance programs without contributing to public goods. In this study, we consider the attitudinal effects of anecdotal reports of tax cheating by minorities. We conduct survey experiments in France and the United States to assess if people react more harshly to tax fraud perpetrated by members of a minority rather than the majority group. We find no evidence that minority status affects judgments and perceptions about tax fraud, including among those on the right end of the political spectrum. Tax fraud is considered unacceptable regardless of the culprit's origin.
The Bystander Effect: Why Do Witnesses Refrain from Acting in Cyberbullying Cases?
Authors: You Leping
Published: March 2023

Cyberbullying has received much attention from researchers interested in reducing its harms. While the presence of bystanders has been examined in this context, there is still inadequate understanding of bystanders’ common decision not to intervene in cyberbullying. Using the social identity model of deindividuation effects (SIDE) as its theoretical underpinning, this study seeks to explain the inaction of witnesses to cyberbullying through several constructs: depersonalization (a mediating factor), along with group polarization, moral disengagement, group norm misinterpretation, and empathy arousal inhibition as predictors of how witnesses resolve the conflict between intervention and nonintervention, ultimately failing to intervene. Additionally, this paper discussed how the invisibility, anonymity, and dearth of communication cues in computer-mediated communication (CMC) contribute to the observed bystander effect.
Examining knowledge and epistemic justice in the design of nature-based solutions for water management
Authors: Arango-Quiroga Johan , Kinol Alaina , Kuhl Laura
Published: March 2023

Over the last decade, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for water management have gained traction as triple-win options for climate action due to their ability to address social, economic, and environmental challenges. Recent developments in the literature of NbS have resulted in a body of work addressing questions about knowledge and justice. In line with these developments, this paper proposes the Knowledge and Epistemic Injustice for NbS for Water Framework (KEIN Framework) to identify the production of epistemic injustices in the design of NbS for water management. The KEIN framework draws on questions about knowledge and power raised by Avelino (2021) and five mechanisms that lead to epistemic injustice based on the work by Fricker (2007) and Byskov (2021). We apply the framework to examine a proposal presented to the Green Climate Fund (GCF) that included NbS for water management and Indigenous Peoples in South America. Rather than being an analysis of the project or the GCF per se, the goal of this analysis is to demonstrate the utility of the framework to analyze proposals during the design stage. We argue that proposals submitted to the GCF are reflective of a broadly held international environmental logic. We also identified indications that knowledge was organized and treated in a way that favored external actors at the expense of local actors.  Our analysis also revealed prejudices against people’s epistemic capacities, with potential implications for how the generation of local knowledge is adopted on the ground. The framework illustrates how the design of NbS may minimally disrupt power relations due to the influential role that some actors have in generating knowledge. This study contributes to the operationalization of epistemic justice in designing NbS. Through the application of the proposed framework, the study contributes to future work advancing the construction of epistemically just NbS.
Extreme Rainfall Indices and its Effect on Meher Season Crop Calendar: An Agro-Climatic Zone Based Study
Authors: Meharie Enyew  Azene , Taye Mintesinot  Azene , Alemu Melkamu  Meseret , Lema Adane  Tesfaye
Published: March 2023

The study analyzed the daily extreme rainfall indices and its consequences on Meher (summer) season cereal crop calendar in the agro - climatic zones (ACZs) of a watershed. Long-term (1981–2019) rainfall data for 50 sample grid points with a spatial resolution of 5 5 km from Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation (CHIRPS) was considered. Focus group discussions were employed to identifying the local crop calendars and consequences of extreme rainfall events. Mann Kendall’s (MK) and Sen’s slop statistics were used to define the trends, statistical significance, and magnitude of the changes in extreme rainfall indices. The upward and downward signals were found for different crop calendars of the ACZs. Most of the increasing trends were observed for the land preparation period (LPP), sowing and management period (SaMP), and harvesting and threshing period (HaTP) field operations in the highland zone, midland zone, and all ACZs, respectively. In contrast, some of the downward trends in extreme rainfall indices were observed for LPP and SaMP in the cold-highland zone and highland zone, and HaTP was observed to be the same in all ACZs. The upward and downward signals of the indices could have negative consequences for existing cereal crop production in the watershed.
Predicting self-harm in survivors and perpetrators of domestic abuse
Authors: Wallace Louise , Adhikari Joanna , Fido Dean
Published: March 2023

Objective: Despite legislative developments within the UK seeking to reduce domestic abuse, not only are reports of domestic abuse increasing, but both survivors and perpetrators of domestic abuse engage in self-harming behavior and suicide attempts. Some of whom ultimately die by suicide. As such, identifying those at risk of self-harm within this population is paramount. Method: This study presents an analysis of a secondary dataset of 836 adults who presented at a UK-based domestic abuse charity between 2017 and 2022. The dataset was derived through a knowledge exchange partnership and featured both survivors and perpetrators of domestic abuse. Results: Though the logistic regression model was more proficient at predicting those more likely to not engage in self-harm, than those more likely to engage in self-harm, self-harm was predicted by witnessing domestic abuse as a child, reporting aggressive behavior, and previously or currently abusing alcohol, with the presence of aggressive behavior being the strongest predictor. Opposing existing literature, neither abusing drugs nor (not) having children contributed significantly to this model. Conclusions: Though results of this study require replication and extension, they indicate a series of variables which might serve as internationally relevant key indicators of risk for self-harm in survivors and perpetrators of domestic abuse. Charities which serve this population might seek to develop further educational material and interventions to rapidly deliver to service users who indicate risk during initial and subsequent consultations.
Precision Oncology bringing a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer
Authors: KUMAR MANISH
Published: March 2023

The genetic changes appearing in the information system of the cells that program its unregulated growth and proliferation gradually lead to cancer manifestation and the treatment options must be guided accordingly. The critical roles played by some of the molecules associated with the specific signaling pathways and cell microenvironment that lead to oncogenesis and metastasis have been described precisely in recent years based on findings of the human genome project. Precision oncology relying on the genomic study of the cancer cells to better understand the prognosis and pathways involved with disease progression for the cure is destined to serve the purpose adequately. This article tries to comprehensively elucidate the foundations and frontiers of precision oncology in the context of single-cell technology for efficient cancer treatment.
The impact of leadership on the psychosocial safety climate of organizations: A scoping review of the international literature
Authors: Laloo Eugene , Coman Robyn , Hanley Natalia , Bakand Shahnaz
Published: March 2023

Growing evidence suggests that work-related psychological injuries are a concern worldwide. While previous efforts to address psychological injuries mainly focused on the individual level of analysis, psychosocial safety climate (PSC) theory emphasizes the analysis and prevention of psychological injuries at the organizational level. While there is abundant evidence of the impact of leadership on other climate constructs, scant attention has been paid to the impact of leadership on PSC. This study is a scoping review of the extant literature to determine the state of the discipline in relation to the impact of leadership on the psychosocial safety climate of organizations. Three databases were searched, supplemented by a pearling exercise and Google Scholar searches, which yielded 14 studies that met selection criteria. Our study shows that while much work has been done in relation to the behavior of managers and organizational infrastructure to yield high levels of PSC, there is a dearth of studies on the impact of specific leadership styles on the PSC of organizations. We recommend further studies of leadership, especially the impact of post-heroic leadership styles, on the psychosocial safety climate of workplaces.
Scientific Support of Occupational Risk Management Decisions in Industrial Sectors in Case of Uncertainty
Authors: Kruzhilko Oleg , Mahmoud Alaa El Din , Maystrenko Volodymyr , Volodchenkova Natalia , Polukarov Oleksiy , Sydorenko Volodymyr , Pruskyi Andrii , Arlamov Oleksandr
Published: March 2023

Introduction: One of the most important steps in risk assessment is the selection of assessment methods. Traditionally, when developing measures to reduce the level of occupational morbidity and industrial injuries, the results of an analysis of the causes, types of events and other factors that led to accidents are used. But such an approach does not meet modern requirements. For an adequate assessment of occupational risks, it is necessary to have objective data from different time periods: the onset of traumatic events in the past, the current state of threats to life and health of people, and the future state of threats in industrial sectors.

Methods: Mathematical modeling remains the main means of scientific support for occupational risk management. The Elmeri system was chosen for occupational risk assessment in this study, which can be easily and quickly used in any industry and in enterprises of all sizes. A critical analysis of various approaches to managing occupational risks in enterprises was applied to identify the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. The method of generalizing the most effective approaches to occupational risk management was applied to develop the algorithm of occupational risk management decisions in industrial sectors in case of uncertainty.

Results: An occupational risk management algorithm has been developed to substantiate management decisions on planning measures to reduce risk, the implementation of which ensures the effectiveness of measures aimed at reducing risk. Research has shown that if the decision-making situation is characterized by conditions of uncertainty (it is impossible to obtain mathematical models of acceptable accuracy), the assessment of the predictive values of occupational risk is carried out exclusively by an expert. Thus, the occupational risk indicator used at the final stage of planning activities determines the degree of achievement of the result of solving the task.

Conclusion: It has been established that in conditions of uncertainty (lack of necessary data or available data are incomplete or unreliable), experts involved in solving the problem of risk management use their own knowledge and experience in solving similar problems. As a promising direction for further research, it should be noted the development of a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of operational management decisions for planning and implementing measures to reduce risks
Reﬂections on Online EFL Teaching during COVID-19: A Case Study of Yunnan University in China
Authors: Wang Wenjun
Published: March 2023

The paper is a case study on a whole-term online English teaching practice of non-English major postgraduates from March to July 2020 at Yunnan University in China. By attempting to probe into the strategies employed in the three phases of pre-teaching, while-teaching, and post-teaching respectively, reflections upon the mega-scale online English teaching for 30 classes of approximately 1200 students are analyzed by qualitative research in the forms of online interviews and class video observation. The research aims to summarize useful strategies and key factors teachers need to attach importance to in technology-assisted English language teaching with mixed applications and approaches to meet an urgent need in practical situations. Th e practice can be an example of the effective “localization” of college English teaching in China. It also shows that effectiveness-oriented online teaching can be feasible and useful in shaping and enriching the new normal of foreign language teaching in post COVID-19 era.
Education during Pandemic: Perspectives of Secondary School English Teachers from Malaysia, Nepal, and Bangladesh
Authors: Dewan Motikala Subba , Bashir Ahmed , Ern David Tchaikovsky Teh Boon
Published: March 2023

One of the most affected sectors during the COVID-19 pandemic was education. Abrupt and sudden changes in teaching and learning practices that teachers and students experienced were unprecedented, and the effect is still felt today. Hence, the study sought to identify the challenges secondary English language teachers in Bangladesh, Malaysia and Nepal faced during the pandemic. Adopting a Comparative Case Study (CCS) research model, this was a transnational effort to explore the experiences of a cross-border ELT professional community teaching under various restrictions and limitations imposed by the governments in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Five key challenges emerged during the findings, namely: (i) teaching and learning dificulties, (ii) unreliable and invalid assessments, (iii) infrastructural hurdles in a home learning environment, (iv) student displacement, and (v) compromised teacher wellbeing. In retrospect, there was a cause for optimism as teachers acquired crucial survival skills, yet most challenges remain valid to this day. So various stakeholders must remain vigilant and devise robust measures in anticipation of future events of this kind and scale.
Additional Yield of Active Case Finding Through House Hold Survey in Selected District of Kabul, Afghanistan, 2018
Authors: Ahmadzada Namatullah , Manzoor Lutfullah , Moroofi Shah Wali , Seddiq Khaled , Lal Bibek Kumar , Pant Rajendra Prasad , Sultana Rabeya , Qader Ghulam , Nasrat Akmal
Published: March 2023

Every year, 10.4 million people get sick with Tuberculosis (TB) and 40 percent of them do not receive treatment care - they are “missed” to identify by the health systems. Missing TB cases is major challenge in fighting the disease; pose a serious threat to global health security. As per World Health organization estimation, in 2018, Afghanistan missed 27 percent TB case notification. Thus we conducted an active case finding through house hold survey from June – November, 2018 in Kabul city, districts of Afghanistan.

This descriptive cross sectional study included all the residence of 21 sub-districts in Kabul City Afghanistan. After obtaining written consent, data was collected using a structured questionnaire from all presumptive TB cases. Sputum was collected from eligible participants and tested for AFB, Gene-Xpart and Chest X-ray was done. Standard test algorithm and case categorization was done according to WHO recommendations. Descriptive analysis of demographic, clinical and laboratory data was done.

A total of 22,596 participants were included and among them 6740 were eligible. Among them 1614(24.3%) individuals were screened positive to have presumptive TB and 105 (6.5%) had laboratory confirmed TB. Thus the case notification rate was 465 in 100,000 populations. Among the presumptive TB cases, mean age was 38.6 + 18.5 years; 74% were female; 72% were housewives/unemployed; 2.6% were smokers.

The case notification rate and the point prevalence showed increase numbers than the actual reports by the Afghanistan National TB program, which signifies the program was missing significant numbers of TB cases. Hence active TB case finding might be an effective approach in terms of case notification in Afghanistan. We recommend extending active community TB surveillance of the country.
Impact of COVID 19 Pandemic on TB Control Programme in Nepal: An Overview
Authors: Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Baral Sushila , Baral Yadu Nath , Paudel Srijana
Published: March 2023

COVID19 pandemic is affecting worldwide. TB and COVID-19 both are infectious and primarily affect the lungs and show similar symptoms thus, it is essential to diagnose cases. Accurate diagnostic tests are essential for both TB and COVID-19. COVID 19 has reversed minimum five years of progress in fighting TB. The study is based on review of all available reports, literature, published studies in peer reviewed journal related to COVID-19 pandemic impact on TB control program in Nepal. PubMed, Google scholar, HINARI are the major search engines and or databases used for the review.COVID-19 led lockdown had a significant impact on TB services in Nepal. There is decline in the identification of new cases and had impacted on sputum courier, enrolment, diagnosis and follow up. People cantered delivery of TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care services should be ensured in tandem with the COVID-19 response. Health authorities should maintain support to essential TB services during emergencies.
Impact of Strategic Adaptations Due to COVID-19 Pandemic on a Capacity Building Program: Insights From a DRTB Program Under NTEP in India
Authors: Manjari  , Beryl Lydia S Jasmine , Sinha Atreyee , Tripathi Ashutosh , Sagil Karuna D.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: India has experienced high burden of drug resistant tuberculosis, under par treatment success rate and very high loss to follow-up despite continuous efforts to develop evidence-based policy to treat DRTB patients. However, it is challenging to translate policies into practice. The goal of this program was to build capacity of the program staff for effective management of DRTB in public sector through workshops, capacity building exercises, creation and dissemination of information, education and communication materials.
Methodology: The program was implemented in seven states; 11 state-level kick-off trainings were planned to reach 660 National TB Elimination Program staffs. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, on-field activities were replaced with virtual trainings with a set of 4-5 webinars per state. Pre and post training assessments were done to evaluate uptake of knowledge. Number of trainings conducted, staff trained and knowledge improvement were the indicators used to assess the outcome.
Results: A total of 34 webinars were conducted on revised Programmatic Management of Drug- Resistant Tuberculosis guidelines and 3000 staff was trained. The program organized three times more training and five times more staff were trained. Although retention of participants and their attention was challenging, transition to virtual platform provided increased coverage and targeted outputs. Proportion of participants answering correctly in pre/post-training assessments, increased from 47% to 65%.
Conclusion: Use of virtual trainings is an efficient high yielding method to build capacity of NTEP staff. Lessons learnt can help improve such interventions, benefit health programs and the end beneficiaries - the patients.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis in HIV-Patient in Nepal: A Case Report
Authors: Bastola Anup , Pyakurel Prajjwal , Maharjan Kijan , Shrestha Sanjay , Bastola Rupak , Myneedu Vithal Prasad , Paudel Sunil , Devkota Lina
Published: March 2023

The risk of disseminated Histoplasmosis increases among immunocompromised HIV infected patients. It can clinically present with skin manifestation. We report a forty years HIV infected male with severe immunodeficiency clinically presenting as a disseminated Histoplasmosis with dermatological manifestation and diagnosis.
'टाइपिस्ट’ कथामा लैङ्गिकता {Gender in the 'Typist' Story}
Authors: ज्ञवाली Gyawali शिवशरण Shivasharan
Published: March 2023

प्रस्तुत आलेख भवानी भिक्षुको ‘टाइपिस्ट’ कथाको लैङ्गिक विश्लेषणमा आधारित रहेको छ । यो कथामा लैङ्गिक प्रतिनिधित्वको हिसाबले हेर्दा सात पुरुष र चार महिला पात्र भए पनि भूमिकाका हिसाबले महिला प्रमुख, नेतृत्वदायी हैसियतमा देखिन्छन् । यौनिक अभिमुखीकरणका कोणबाट हेर्दा यो नारी यौन मनोविज्ञानमा आधारित कथा हो । प्रमुख नारी पात्र शान्तिको अवचेतनमा रहेको यौनभावना जागृत भएपछि त्यसको परिपूर्तिको अभावमा परेको आघातलाई यसमा देखाइएको छ । लैङ्गिक रूढिप्रकारका हिसाबले विश्लेषण गर्दा यो कथाका नारी पात्रहरू आधुनिक छन्, आफैमा सक्षम छन् । आर्थिक हिसाबले बलिया रहेका देखिन्छन् । धर्म, परम्परालाई यिनीहरूले चुनौती दिएका छन् । परिचयका हिसाबले यिनीहरू दुवै कर्मचारी हुन् । आफ्नो अलग परिचय निर्माण गर्न सफल छन् । तसर्थ यो कथा लैङ्गिकताका दृष्टिकोणले महत्त्वपूर्ण प्राप्ति बन्न पुगेको छ । लेख पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययनमा आधारित छ ।
Supporting Second Generation Biofuel Development: Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Vinasse for Harmonizing with Molasses Based Bioethanol Plant Capacity
Authors: Wardani Nina Anggita , Budhijanto Wiratni
Published: March 2023

First-generation biofuel is environmental quandary due to its impact to the forest conversion into plantation area. Not only environmental sector, first-generation biofuel has other issues on socioeconomic sector. It consumes crops as its feedstock which will be a conflict between food and energy source. This conflict will impact the vulnerable people as the raising food price. Molasses-based bioethanol is second-generation biofuel which more beneficial from environmental, economic, and social aspect. Molasses-based bioethanol production process generates waste named vinasse. Vinasse can’t be directly discharged to the environment due to its high organic matter concentration which is harmful to the waterbody, soil, and air. On the other hand, high organic matter contained in vinasse can be converted into biogas and is higher potential for molasses-based bioethanol plant. This study was preliminary study for processing vinasse using thermophilic anaerobic digestion specifically by temperature direct escalation and starvation method to the mesophilic originated inoculum. The result shows robust performance of thermophilic microbia which is an averment of compatible method for enriching thermophilic anaerobic microbia in mesophilic originated inoculum.
O estudo de algumas relações funcionais envolvidas nos comportamentos obsessivo-compulsivos
Authors: Vermes Joana Singer , Banaco Roberto Alves
Published: March 2023

A literatura especializada propõe que comportamentos obsessivo-compulsivos possam ser mantidos pela eliminação do estímulo aversivo condicionado e da ansiedade, por reforçamento meio de social e por esquiva de contingências aversivas. Apresenta-se como objetivo verificar essas hipóteses a partir do estudo de casos únicos. Método: Três crianças, que apresentavam rituais de limpeza, participaram de 12 sessões de 15 minutos cada, em sala contendo pia com água corrente e materiais que possibilitassem atividades e rituais. Após entrevistas e um teste para avaliar preferência por diversos brinquedos, cada criança foi submetida a diferentes condições experimentais, envolvendo: brinquedos de média preferência; brinquedos de média preferência e sujeira; brinquedos de baixa preferência; brinquedos de baixa preferência e sujeira; brinquedos de alta preferência; brinquedos de alta preferência e sujeira; tarefas aversivas; tarefas aversivas e sujeira. Sessões foram gravadas em vídeo e os comportamentos foram registrados e analisados. Resultados: Os resultados mostram alguma relação entre comportamentos observados e condições experimentais, como o sujeito 1, que apresentou maior duração dos comportamentos destacados nas sessões com sujeira e brinquedos de baixa preferência e atividades aversivas, convergindo com a literatura que aponta as várias funções operantes dos comportamentos obsessivo-compulsivos.
Intervenções analítico-comportamentais para pessoas com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia:
Authors: Bandeira Vitória Grídvia , Eta Korn Malerbi Fani
Published: March 2023

Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de estudos realizados entre 1960 e 2018 sobre intervenções analítico-comportamentais para pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia no PsycINFO, PubMed, Lilacs, Pepsic, BDTD, REBAC, Comportamento em Foco e SCC. Após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram selecionados 45 estudos. Verificou-se que houve diminuição no número de publicações estrangeiras após a década de 1980 e aumento de estudos nacionais não publicados. As intervenções focaram geralmente apenas uma classe de respostas-alvo. Poucos estudos revistos realizaram treino de agentes comportamentais, planejaram e avaliaram generalização e/ou realizaram medidas de seguimento. Constatou-se que estudos mais recentes testaram variáveis de controle e realizaram as intervenções fora dos hospitais psiquiátricos. Verificou-se que diminuiu o emprego de contingências coercitivas e o uso exclusivo de consequências tangíveis enquanto aumentou o uso de consequências sociais. Os procedimentos analítico-comportamentais empregados mostraram-se geralmente bem-sucedidos, porém não foi possível apontar precisamente qual o mais eficaz.