bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revision of the genus Hordeum (Poaceae) in Altai Territory
Authors: Gudkova Polina D. , Zolotov Dmitry V. , Kriuchkova Elizaveta A. , Ryzhakova Dar'ya D.
Published: April 2022

The article presents a revision of the genus Hordeum (Poaceae) in Altai Territory based on the morphological study and field observation. We examined over 250 examples deposited in the ALTB, KUZ, NS, NSK, TK herbaria and recognized the following species: H. bogdanii Wilensky, H. brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link subsp. brevisubulatum, H. brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link subsp. nevskianum (Bowden) Tzvelev, H. caespitosum Scribn., H. distichon L., H. jubatumL., and H. roshevitzii Bowden. For the first time, H. caespitosum and H. distichon misidentified previously as H. murinum and H. vulgare respectively are reported in this region. The presence of H. murinum in this territory is not confirmed. The article suggests an updated key for identifying species of the genus Hordeum, specifies the distribution, provides the information on habitats and the illustrations of the main characters.
Análise de sentimentos sobre o acesso terrestre ao aeroporto utilizando mídias sociais
Authors: Silva Ansélmo Carolina , Ronzani Borille Giovanna Miceli , Ribeiro Correia Anderson
Published: April 2022

Um adequado sistema de acesso terrestre ao aeroporto é relevante para um bom nível de serviço e é essencial para identificar a percepção do usuário sobre os meios de transporte disponíveis. Para identificar as percepções positivas e negativas foram utilizadas as técnicas de análise de sentimentos e aprendizado de máquina com conteúdo gerado pelo usuário na rede social Twitter. De março de 2018 a dezembro de 2019 foram coletadas opiniões espontâneas sobre o acesso terrestre ao Aeroporto Internacional de São Paulo/Guarulhos (SBGR). Os tweets pesquisados referiram-se aos termos: aeroporto, Guarulhos e meios de transporte: aplicativos de transporte de mobilidade urbana, ônibus, táxi, trem e veículos privados. Os trens tiveram maior quantidade de tweets, sendo o principal motivo de insatisfação relacionado à localização da estação do aeroporto. Além disso, os indicadores avaliados positivamente foram disponibilidade dos serviços, custo e tempo de viagem. A técnica de aprendizado de máquina Naïve Bayes apresentou acurácia de 82,14% e precisão de 88,14% para classificar os tweets em percepções positivas ou negativas. Os resultados obtidos podem ser valiosos para as entidades governamentais, influenciando no nível de serviço oferecido. O conteúdo gerado nas redes sociais pode ser útil em diversas áreas do conhecimento, complementando a pesquisa de campo e ajudando no desenvolvimento de novos métodos de pesquisa e análise de dados.
Budesonide Maintenance in Microscopic Colitis: Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile From a Population-Based Study
Authors: Tome June , Sehgal Kanika , Kamboj Amrit K. , Comstock Bryce , Harmsen W, Scott , Khanna Sahil , Pardi Darrell S.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Outcomes and safety of budesonide maintenance therapy in microscopic colitis (MC) are not well known.

METHODS:

Adult residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, diagnosed with MC (2002–2019) and treated with budesonide were identified using the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Response was assessed at 12 ± 4 weeks after initiation of therapy and defined as complete (resolution of diarrhea), partial (≥50% improvement in the number of bowel movements), nonresponse (<50% improvement), and intolerance (discontinued because of side effects). For safety outcomes, cases (budesonide maintenance) and MC controls (no budesonide therapy) were matched by sex and age at diagnosis (±2 years).

RESULTS:

A total of 450 patients were identified, of whom 162 (36.0%) were treated with budesonide for induction of clinical remission (median age 67 [23–91] years and 126 women [77.8%] ). Clinical outcomes for induction were as follows: 130 (80.2%) complete response, 22 (13.6%) partial response, 8 (4.9%) no response, and 2 (1.2%) intolerance. After induction, 96 (63.2%) had recurrence after discontinuation, of whom 27 (28.1%) required further budesonide induction treatment without maintenance, 56 (58.3%) required long-term budesonide maintenance, and 13 (13.5%) were treated with other therapies. Of those receiving budesonide maintenance, all responded (55 [98.2%] complete and 1 [1.8%] partial). No patient stopped maintenance from adverse events. The median duration of follow-up was 5.6 years (0.3–18.9). There was no significant difference between cases and controls in the incidence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, glaucoma, or cataracts.

DISCUSSION:

The long-term use of budesonide in MC seems to be effective and generally well tolerated with limited adverse effects.
Recommendations on the Appropriate Management of Steroids and Discharge Planning During and After Hospital Admission for Moderate-Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Results of a RAND Appropriateness Panel
Authors: Dulai Parambir S. , Rai Victoria , Raffals Laura E. , Lukin Dana , Hudesman David , Kochhar Gursimran S. , Damas Oriana M. , Sauk Jenny S. , Levy Alexander N. , Sofia M. Anthony , Tuskey Anne , Deepak Parakkal , Yarur Andres J. , Afzali Anita , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N. , Cross Raymond K. , Hanauer Stephen B. , Siegel Corey A.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Limited guidance exists for the postdischarge care of patients with ulcerative colitis hospitalized for moderate-severe flares.

METHODS:

RAND methodology was used to establish appropriateness of inpatient and postdischarge steroid dosing, discharge criteria, follow-up, and postdischarge biologic or small molecule initiation. A literature review informed on the panel's voting, which occurred anonymously during 2 rounds before and after a moderated virtual session.

RESULTS:

Methylprednisolone 40–60 mg intravenous every 24 hours or hydrocortisone 100 mg intravenous 3 times daily is appropriate for inpatient management, with methylprednisolone 40 mg being appropriate if intolerant of higher doses. It is appropriate to discharge patients once rectal bleeding has resolved (Mayo subscore 0–1) and/or stool frequency has returned to baseline frequency and form (Mayo subscore 0–1). It is appropriate to discharge patients on 40 mg of prednisone after observing patients for 24 hours in hospital to ensure stability before discharge. For patients being discharged on steroids without in-hospital biologic or small molecule therapy initiation, it is appropriate to start antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy after discharge for anti-TNF-naive patients. For anti-TNF-exposed patients, it is appropriate to start vedolizumab or ustekinumab for all patients and tofacitinib for those with a low risk of adverse events. It is appropriate to follow up patients clinically within 2 weeks and with lower endoscopy within 4–6 months after discharge.

DISCUSSION:

We provide recommendations on the inpatient and postdischarge management of patients with ulcerative colitis hospitalized for moderate-severe flares.
RC deck - stiffened arch existing bridges: simulated design and structural analysis
Authors: Crisci Giovanni , Ceroni Francesca , Lignola Gian Piero , Prota Andrea
Published: April 2022

The 20th century is known as the age that gave birth to the largest reinforced concrete structures. Many applications of this new material were realized at that time, both from a theoretical and practical point of view. With reference to bridges, the engineer Robert Maillart achieved a new concept of arched bridges, characterized by very stiff deck beams and slender and wide vaults, i.e., the "Deck-Stiffened Arch". The paper deals with the study of such bridge typology, particularly widespread in Italy around the 50s of the 20th century. While, nowadays, calculation tools allow developing very refined structural modelling, in the past very simple structural schemes were adopted in the design phase in order to simplify the calculation effort. The study starts from a "simulated design" of such a bridge typology adopting a reliable geometry and following the design rules and the simplified structural schemes of the time and, then, by means of a refined three-dimensional model, the performance of a typical "Maillart-Type Arch" bridge is analysed.
High thermal conductivity concrete for energy piles
Authors: Di Girolamo Luca , Ausiello Gigliola , Russo Gianpiero , Marone Gabriella
Published: April 2022

Research is increasingly focusing on thermal properties of concrete with the aim of reducing the heat exchange between buildings and environment. On the other hand, concretes with high thermal conductivity could have interesting applications in the field of thermo-active ground structures as Geothermal Energy Piles (GEPs). This kind of foundations represent an environmentally friendly technology that allows exploiting the heat of the shallow earth surface to supply renewable energy for the air conditioning of buildings. GEPs are needed for structural and geotechnical reasons and allow recovering the installation costs connected to vertical boreholes. Concrete drilled or driven piles are equipped with a Primary Circuit (PC) of high-density polyethylene plastic pipes attached to the reinforcement cages. Thermal energy is extracted from or injected into the ground thought a carrier fluid that flows into the pipes of the PC. To improve the heat exchange between the pile and soil the thermal properties of the concrete should be considered as design parameters. Concrete thermal conductivity, contrary to what happens for the buildings, should be increased to optimise the thermal performance of the GEPs. Different solutions that modify the mix design of concrete are proposed to the aim of increasing the thermal performance of GEPs.
Critical assessment of CO2 emission of different concretes: foamed, lightweight aggregate, recycled and ordinary concrete
Authors: Falliano Devid , Quattrocchi Salvatore , De Domenico Dario , Ricciardi Giuseppe , Gugliandolo Ernesto
Published: April 2022

Construction materials contribute to about 75% of the CO2 emission of all the construction processes. Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials and is thus primarily responsible for CO2 emission. In particular, 8 − 9% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission are produced by concrete. CO2 emissions can be considerably reduced in the construction phase through a careful selection of materials with low environmental impact or through specific admixtures. In this study, different concretes are taken into consideration, including foamed concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete, recycled concrete and ordinary concrete. A series of mix designs of these four classes of concrete, characterized by a comparable mechanical strength or a comparable density, are taken from the relevant literature and compared to one another in terms of CO2 emission. Some guidelines or possible research lines aimed at reducing CO2 emission are finally outlined in this contribution.
Durability of high belite cement as new technical solution for concrete
Authors: Irico Sara , Mutke Sabine , Bertola Federica , Gastaldi Daniela , Capelli Livio , Canonico Fulvio
Published: April 2022

The study presents an investigation on the durability performance of concretes produced with an industrial scale high belite cement. This binder, thanks to the high amount of C-S-H gel and the lower C3S/C2S ratio, is characterized by high durability properties. Good resistance to freeze/thaw cycles, very low chloride migration and excellent resistance to sulfate attack were demonstrated. Theaccelerated carbonation test revealed that the belite cement, due to the high C2S phase amount, is able to increase its strength over time when exposed to high CO2 concentration. Durability and strength results were compared with those of CEM I, CEM II, and CEM III. In addition, a comparison of the performance of a self-compacting concrete produced with high belite cement and CEM I (as reference) is also presented. The results show that the self-compacting concrete with the high belite cement is able to reach sufficient strengths already after 1 day of hydration, with a low heat development and improved durability properties, compared to CEM I.
Prestressed ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) beams for reusable structural systems: design and testing
Authors: Redaelli Dario , Moix Jonathan , Muresan Alex , Brütting Jan , Fivet Corentin
Published: April 2022

With the aim to reduce the environmental footprint of buildings, this paper presents an original structural system concept for two-way slabs in residential and office buildings. The proposed system extends the best practice in terms of modularity, versatility, demountability, reusability, and durability. A finite set of elements can be used to form the main load-bearing system of multiple successively constructed buildings having different and unpredicted layouts and static systems. Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was identified as one of the most promising materials for this application because of its high strength, extreme durability and the opportunities it opens for shape optimization and material consumption reduction. In the first part of this contribution, the main features of the new structural system and preliminary design assumptions for UHPC modules are briefly outlined. Then, the authors present and discuss the results of an experimental campaign on prestressed UHPC beams that were tested in bending and shear, under service and ultimate load conditions. Beams with transversal openings in the web were also tested to assess the influence of these openings on the cracking behavior and shear strength of the beams. Experimental results provide useful information for the subsequent modeling of the structural system. Thanks to the presence of fibers, transversal openings in the web only have a limited influence on the response of the beams, thus allowing horizontal technical shafts to pass through the structural thickness of the slab.
Effect of cracks on the service life of RC structures exposed to chlorides
Authors: Russo Nicoletta , Gastaldi Matteo , Schiavi Luca , Strini Alberto , Zanoni Riccardo , Lollini Federica
Published: April 2022

To move towards a more sustainable concrete, the enhancement of its durability is strongly encouraged and, dealing in particular with reinforced concrete (RC), this mainly means to prevent the damage due to environmental actions, e.g. due to chloride-induced corrosion. Therefore, there is the need of models aimed at designing durable structures. Usually the service life design models consider concrete in uncracked condition. In real structures, however, several phenomena can generate cracks on concrete surface, leading to an acceleration of the corrosion of steel rebar. A number of studies have been recently carried out in order to evaluate the influence of cracks on reinforced concrete durability in chloride-contaminated environment, however the knowledge of the effect of cracks on the initiation and propagation periods is still lacking. Furthermore, few studies have considered additional protection strategies, such as the use of stainless steel rebar. In this work, experimental results are presented concerning the influence of cracks on the service life of reinforced concrete structures in order to evaluate if cracks lead to an earlier corrosion initiation induced by chlorides. Prismatic specimens, reinforced with carbon steel and 304L stainless steel bars, were longitudinally cracked and exposed to ponding with 3.5% NaCl solution. The monitoring of corrosion behaviour showed that when cracks reached the steel surface corrosion initiated immediately.
Life cycle assessment of carbon concrete composites: a circular economy path beyond climate mitigation?
Authors: Scope Christoph , Guenther Edeltraud , Mielecke Torsten , Schuetz Julia , Muendecke Eric , Schultze Konstantin
Published: April 2022

Sustainable construction and materials play an ever-important role to stay within our planetary boundaries. In support, innovative carbon concrete composites (CCC) promise significant raw material savings by integral design. We aim to illustrate current environmental hotspots and a feasible recycling scenario of CCC that meets circularity requirements. We modelled a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment for two potential building structural applications (sandwich wall, ceiling reinforcement) made of CCC. We based our recycling scenario on previously conducted large-scale experiments. Results show a relative larger energy intensity and abiotic depletion of fossil fuels for variants of CCC but lower global warming. Yet, recycling is, second to embodied emissions of basic materials, the driving force of total environmental impacts. The presented recycling path (demolition, pyrolysis for carbon fabric, reuse in fiber fleece) offers less "green credentials" than steel.
Spontaneous rupture of the parathyroid adenoma with formation cervico-retrosternal cyst and massive hematoma: a case report
Authors: Ilyicheva E. A. , Bersenev G. A. , Grigoryev E. G.
Published: April 2022

In this case report the authors inform about cervico-retrosternal cyst of the parathyroid gland, which develops as a result of spontaneous rupture of the adenoma and the formation of a hematoma with the development of neck compression syndrome. The patient was admitted to the clinic, a week after the onset of the disease, with complaints of dyspnea at rest, stridor breathing, weakness and mass formation of the right lateral region of the neck. There is no history of injuries, pathological fractures or invasive manipulations on the neck, indications of pathology of the thyroid or parathyroid glands. According to multispiral computed tomography, a volumetric fluid formation of the neck and upper mediastinum 63×57 mm in size with compression and narrowing of the trachea up to 5 mm was found. To clarify whether the formation belongs to the thyroid gland or the thyroid gland, a transcutaneous puncture was performed. The level of parathyroid hormone in the liquid is more than 2500 mg / ml, and in the blood — 304.9 pg / ml — parathyroid cyst. Using an increase in compression syndrome, removal of a cyst in a block with adenoma of the right lower parathyroid gland with achievement of remission of primary hyperparathyroidism. This clinical observation shows a rare course of parathyroid adenoma with rupture and hematoma formation, which led to the development of neck compression syndrome.
Apresentação do Dossiê “Estado neoliberal e retrocessos democráticos nas políticas públicas de educação”
Authors: Souza Vilma Aparecida de , Richter Leonice Matilde , Souza Raquel Aparecida
Published: April 2022

Prestes a completar 200 anos de sua independência nacional, o Brasil assiste, no atual momento político-econômico de ascensão de governos de extrema direita, o esgotamento de sua jovem democracia, a partir de uma racionalidade governante que une elementos do (neo)conservadorismo e do (neo)liberalismo. Apesar do estranhamento de tal combinação, para ambas as racionalidades os princípios democráticos e do Estado de Direito são prescindíveis. Quanto aos princípios do conservadorismo moderno e do liberalismo, Dombrowski (2020) destaca que o primeiro surge na passagem do século XVIII para o XIX, como um movimento de crítica aos pressupostos teóricos filosóficos da Revolução Francesa, como uma ideologia que se opõe historicamente ao liberalismo. Considerados campos políticos oponentes, muitos questionamentos emergem diante da aliança ideológica, firmada no âmago da nova direita, entre neoliberalismo e neoconservadorismo, que lançou candidaturas com o slogan “liberal na economia, conservadora nos costumes”. Um possível ponto de apoio para essa aliança, apesar do antagonismo e das contradições entre as duas correntes de pensamento, “remete a uma vigorosa negação da democracia” (DOMBROWSKI, 2020, p. 233). Seria a negação da democracia, o que aproxima neoliberais e neoconservadores. Porém, é preciso ressaltar que o conteúdo da democracia a ser negado não se refere àquela concepção minimalista de democracia consagrada pela teoria schumpeteriana, que se reduz a  somente um método para a escolha de governantes, mas à negação do seu conteúdo substantivo que aponta para a igualdade e se opõe à liberdade: “tanto o liberalismo de Hayek quanto o conservadorismo de Burke entendem que toda política que encontra na igualdade uma referência moral é um atentado contra a liberdade” (p. 233).
Cashless Society in Progress: Capturing Different Generationsâ€™ Perspectives toward External Influence in E-Wallet Usage
Authors: Adiani Widyoretno , Aprianingsih Atik , Purwanegara Mustika Sufiati
Published: April 2022

The use of non-cash transaction, which is currently popular in the public, has made the topic of a cashless society discussed more often. A cashless society is a condition where people transact without using cash money so that it leads to the process from the conventional into the cashless society. In this condition, the involvement of each generation is needed. This study tries to investigate how each generation's perspectiveâ€”both the younger generation and the older generation, toward the external factors, namely social influence, government support, and network externalitiesâ€”affect their use of non-cash transactions in the form of e-wallet. The data were collected using focus group discussion (FGD) and a survey of 489 respondents. The data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. This research reveals how different generations have a different perspective on e-wallet and the government support has a more significant influence on the older generation than the younger generation, who tend to be more influenced by peers or family. However, both generations emphasized how the network externalities influenced the continuance usage in this service. This result implies the importance of e-wallet service providersÂ to expand the network and collaborating with various actors to retain customers.
Assessment of the Impact of Government Revenue Mobilisation on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Rotimi Comfort Omolayo , John Naphtali , Rotimi Mathew Ekundayo , Doorasamy Mishelle
Published: April 2022

Inadequate revenue generation impedes economic growth. The issue has lacked attention from academics. Therefore, this study focuses on the relationship between revenue generation and economic growth in Nigeria. It employed time series data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) from 1981-2018. The study used multiple regression to estimate the impact of government revenue mobilization on economic growth in Nigeria. Findings revealed that domestic debts and non-oil revenue positively and significantly impact economic growth, while external debts and oil revenue were otherwise. The study concluded that government revenue impacts economic growth. Consequently, the study recommends economic diversification through strategic programs to enhance growth rather than remaining a mono-economy. Furthermore, it recommends that the government review the existing revenue mobilization strategyâ€“ especially the diverse non-oil revenue bases to ensure improved revenue remittances. The study also recommended formulating policies that will guarantee better utilization of domestic and foreign loans to increase productivity and enhance revenue mobilization. It is also recommended that borrowing be considered a last resort to fund government projects, and where it is unavoidable, such borrowing should be limited to domestic debt.
The Interplay Between Economic Freedom and Tax Revenue Performance: Panel Evidence from SADC
Authors: Naape Baneng
Published: April 2022

This study aims to scrutinize the interplay between economic freedom and tax revenueÂ performance in 14 SADC countries. The study makes use of dynamic panel dataÂ spanning from 2000 â€“ 2017 with 238 year-country observations. The econometricÂ modeling applied includes Generalized Methods of Moments and Cross-countryÂ Correlations. The dynamic panel estimation results indicate that both conventionalÂ and unconventional determinants of tax revenue mobilization are statisticallyÂ significant in explaining variations in tax revenue performance. In contrast to earlierÂ studies, the researcher found that economic freedom exhibits a negative impact on taxÂ revenue mobilization. These findings can be based on the assumption that AfricanÂ countries are characterized by agrarian activities which take place in the informalÂ sector and are thus are difficult to regulate and tax. As a result, the benefits ofÂ economic freedom cannot be fully realized. The policy implication is for AfricanÂ countries to invest substantially in the manufacturing sector to increase tax revenueÂ and eliminate the substantial informal sector. Further to this, governments in SADCÂ countries should focus more on reducing red tape and unnecessary bureaucracy toÂ enhance the ease of doing business and realize the full benefits of economic freedom.
The Effect of Sectoral Output Volatility on Economic Growth in Ethiopia
Authors: Degu Adisu Abebaw
Published: April 2022

This study examined the effect of sectoral output volatility on economic growth and the determinants of economic growth in the Ethiopian economy. The study usedÂ annual time series data spanning from 1981 to 2018 and included capital stock,Â working-age population, trade balance, and sectoral output volatility as an explanatory variable. Using the Exponential General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (EGARCH) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration test, the study found a long-run relationship between economic growthÂ and economic growth explanatory variables. From the ARDL model, capital stock andÂ trade balance (which has been negative throughout the study period) was found toÂ have a positive and negative significant effect on the economic growth of Ethiopia, respectively. In the long-run, volatility of industrial and service sector output growthÂ had a negative and statistically significant effect on the economic growth of Ethiopia.Â In recent years the role of agriculture in the Ethiopian economy, particularly in termsÂ of contribution to the national GDP, has been decliningâ€”indicating the growingÂ importance of service and industrial sectors. Therefore, smoothening and maintaining the positive sectoral output growth is advisable for the betterment of the economy.Â Besides, balancing the foreign trade and curbing unrestricted importation isÂ recommended as long as economic growth is concerned.
A Brief Study on the Implementation of Helical Cross-Flow Hydrokinetic Turbines for Small Scale Power Generation in the Indian SHP Sector
Authors: Vijayan Jayaram , Retnam Bavanish Balac
Published: April 2022

This article addresses the simulation and experiments performed on a Gorlov Helical Turbine (GHT) by altering the index of revolution of its helical blades. Gorlov Helical Turbine is a hydrokinetic turbine that generates energy from the perennial/tidal source. The paper serves a two-fold purpose: parametric optimisation of Gorlov Helical Turbine with respect to the index of revolution and viability of installing the turbines in river creeks. Nine models of turbines with a diameter of 0.600 m and a height of 0.600 m were generated with different indices of revolution and then subjected to simulation studies. A significant rise in the output torque of the turbine was not observed with the various indices of revolution, even as the probability of finding a section at every azimuthal position is likely to rise. Gavasheli's solidity ratio formula was used to formulate an expression for the output power. The output power as per analytical formulation is 1.11 W, which is of the order of output power obtained through simulation (0.951 W). The studies suggest that 0.25 remains the optimum value for the index of revolution of the helical blades. A model with 0.25 as the index of revolution was fabricated and tested at a river creek. The results were found to agree with the simulations accounting for the losses. The study results could encourage setting up hydrokinetic turbines in river creeks, thereby increasing the grid capacity of SHPs in India.
Generativita a její souvislosti – literárně-přehledová studie
Authors: Faberová Karolína
Published: April 2022

Generativity is a concept introduced into psychology by E. H. Erikson in his developmental theory as a one-dimensional concept. Generativity began to be empirically verified much later and until then it was mostly only the subject of case studies. The most recent theories work with the complexity of generativity. These theories understand it as a multidimensional concept that can manifest itself in many spheres of life. Currently, the concept of McAdams and de St. Aubin, which describes seven dimensions of generativity, is widely used. The text summarizes the development of the view of generativity and new theories of generativity. It also describes its connections with different areas of life and its negative aspects.
Svévolníci v Božím lidu (Juda 22–23)
Authors: Dus Jan A.
Published: April 2022

The wicked in the people of God (Jude 22–23) Most of the epistle of Jude is devoted to the depiction of the „wicked“ people (ἀσεβεῖς). Nevertheless, vague OT allusions and picturesque images from the natural world do not allow us to identify these „wicked“ safely (contra „Gnostic“ hypothesis). It is only in 22–23 that we learn how believers are to treat the wicked, but this passage is full of text variants and allows for a number of inter-pretations. These are divided into two sections and six subsections according to the classification of Bauckham and Frey. Our interpretation is based on the A4 subsection which allows for two (not three) groups of opponents and the double appeal of „have mercy“ (ἐλεᾶτε). In 22, we prefer the reading διακρινομένους, i.e. the accusative relating to opponents: „(have mercy) with the doubters“, whereas the nominative διακρινόμενοι would apply to readers and give them too much power: „discern (different groups of wicked and treat them differently)“. Behind the „fire“ and the „tainted cloak“ (23) we see neither hell nor sexual transgressions, but figuratively expressed calls for determination (cf. ἁρπάζοντες) and prudence (ἐν φόβῳ). Similarly, we translate σάρξ (23) as „sin“, together with ČEP and indirectly SNC, as opposed to the translation „body“ („tělo“) in the most Czech NT translations. From the fifteen Czech interpretations monitored, we incline to the line crossing the denominations, marked by Sušil (in his commentary), Žilka, Škrabal, ČEP, B21 and SNC.
Ježci v Septuagintě: Pojem ἐχῖνος v biblické literatuře
Authors: Lukáš Jan
Published: April 2022

Hedgehogs in the Septuagint: The Term ἐχῖνος in the Biblical Literature The following article consists in greater part of a text which can be found in my master’s thesis called And Satyrs Shall Dance There. The Burden of Babylon (Isaiah XIII) as an excursus. It deals with fivefold occurrence of a term ἐχῖνος in Septuagint, with underlying Hebrew concepts and with the right understanding and translating of the Septuagintal translation itself. The author takes at the same time a stand against the common conception which finds support in lexicon works like Liddel-Scott’s or in the recent successor; The Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek (2015). Assuming that one can take seriously a witness of Coptic translations of the Septuagint and ambiguity of its Hebrew template, conclusion can be made that ἐχῖνος is a synonym of word ἔχιδνα or ἔχις, i.e. snake or adder. Therefore, the question whether hedgehogs occur in the text of the Septuagint has to be answered negatively.
Ospravedlnění a štěstí. K diskusi o staronovém tématu v současné protestantské teologii
Authors: Kolář Ondřej
Published: April 2022

Justification and Happiness. On the Discussion of an Old-New Topic in Contemporary Protestant Theology This article focuses on a topic that, after many centuries, is once again becoming a subject of interest in theology. The reason for the theological distrust of happiness was primarily the belief that salvation cannot be linked to a happy earthly life. Related to this is the suspicion that behind the desire for happiness lies a sinful selfishness that promotes only its own benefit. The two authors discussed here – Jörg Lauster and Michael Roth – attempt to refute these objections and at the same time to build a theology of happiness on the basis of the Protestant principle of justification, understood as God's affirmation of the meaning and unconditional value of every human being. Whereas Lauster sees happiness in the extraordinary, fleeting experience of mean-ingfulness, Roth recognizes happiness in the surrender of self to present reality. What is missing in both conceptions, however, is a deeper connection between justification and the issue of a flourishing earthly life. It is therefore necessary to bring back into theological discussion the idea of human cooperation with God. While synergism between man and God is out of the question with regard to salvation, we cannot do without it with regard to the using and multiplication of the earthly fruits of that salvation. God frees man to rediscover and develop all that he has endowed him with. Both aspects are embodied in the concept of blessing, which can be defined as God's enabling of the good life and favoring of human efforts to live such a life.
Preconditions of teachers’ collaborative practice
Authors: Maag Merki Katharina , Grob Urs , Rechsteiner Beat , Rickenbacher Ariane , Wullschleger Andrea
Published: April 2022

Previous findings on the preconditions of teachers’ collaboration are inconsistent. This might be related to the research methods used to assess the teachers’ collaborative practice. Retrospective assessments by self-report on a relatively general level prevail. The validity of these self-reports is limited, however. In contrast, time-sampling methods have the potential to investigate collaborative practice specifically and longitudinally as a day-to-day process over time validly. But to date, no research on collaborative activities in schools based on time-sampling methods is available. In this study, we extended the current state of research by analysing the variability and preconditions of teachers’ collaboration at four secondary schools over three weeks based on time-sampling data collected by a newly developed online practice log. Recorded were collaborative activities outside of teaching with a focus on administrative and organisational tasks and on school subject-specific tasks. The results revealed that teachers’ collaborative activities varied significantly between weekdays, showing a linear decrease from Monday to Friday, regardless of the content of collaboration. Collaboration that focused on administrative-organisational tasks seemed to be quite stable over the weeks and was hardly influenced by teachers’ individual characteristics. Instead, collaborative activities that focused on school subject-specific tasks varied significantly between weeks; moreover, they were influenced by teachers’ leadership role and gender. The results indicate that rather stable routinised patterns of day-to-day collaboration over the weeks decrease the influence of teachers’ individual characteristics. Hence, by collecting data that is closer to content-specific day-to-day collaborative activities, time-sampling methods can be seen as a driver for new insights.
Financial Products and Family Business Innovation Strategy
Authors: Yu Jiannan
Published: April 2022

This paper studies the influence of purchasing financial products (FPs) on the innovation strategy of family businesses (FBs) under the background of Chinese system. Applying a difference in difference methodology we are able to compare FBs who have purchased FPs with FBs who have not yet purchased FPs, and compare FBs that have purchased FPs before and after the purchase. We distinguish between different patent types (invention, utility, and design), and find that purchasing FPs significantly increase the design patents of FBs. That means buying FPs will shift innovation direction to safer and more economical path. Moreover, the effect of purchasing FPs on innovation outputs is governed by institutional ownership, government subsidy, and R&D personnel ratio. This paper contributes to our understanding of the important role of risk aversion in technological innovation strategy of FBs.
The photocatalytic degradation kinetics of the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen in aqueous solution under UV/TiO2 system and neural networks modeling
Authors: Bennemla M. , Bouafia-Chergui S. , Amrane A. , Chabani M.
Published: April 2022

In this study, the kinetic degradation of the anti-inflammatory drug Ibuprofen in aqueous solution by heterogeneous TiO2 photocatalytic was investigated. The data obtained were used for training an artificial neural network. Preliminary experiments of photolysis and adsorption were carried out to assess their contribution to the photocatalytic degradation. Both, direct photolysis and adsorption of Ibuprofen are very low-efficient processes (15,83% and 23,88%, respectively). The degradation efficiency was significantly elevated with the addition of TiO2 Catalyst (>94%). The photocatalytic degradation followed a pseudo-first-order reaction according to the L-H model. The hydroxyl radicals and photo-hole (h+‏) were found to contribute to the Ibuprofen removal. The higher the initial concentration of Ibuprofen resulted in the lower percentage of degradation. This can be credited to the fact that the created photon and radicals were constant. The higher the initial concentration of Ibuprofen the fewer radicals were shared for each Ibuprofen molecular and so the lower percentage of degradation. The maximum photoactivity from the available light is accomplished when the concentration of catalyst reaches to 1 g/L (0.8 g), which was adopted as the optimal amounts. Compared to the removal of ibuprofen, the mineralization was relatively lower. This decrease is due to the organic content of the treated solution, which is mainly composed of recalcitrant intermediate products. The network was planned as a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm with three layer, four neurons in the input layer, fourteen neurons in the hidden layer and one neuron in the output layer (4:14:1). The artificial neural network was trained until the MSE value between the simulated data and the experimental results was 10−5. The best results (R
2 = 0.999 and MSE = 1.5 × 10−4) were obtained with a log sigmoid transfer function at hidden layer and a linear transfer function at output layer.
Validation of a multiple-choice implicature test: insights from Chinese EFL learners’ cognitive processes
Authors: Tai Hsuan-Yu , Liu Chin-Ting , Chen Yuan-Shan
Published: April 2022

In the past decades, implicature has been recognized as an indispensable topic in L2 pragmatics research. While various instruments have been used to test implicature knowledge, scant research has verified their construct validity of implicature items by examining test takers’ cognitive processes while responding to them. In response to this research gap, Roever, Carsten. 2005. Testing ESL pragmatics: Development and validation of a web-based assessment
battery. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Peter Lang implicature test was scrutinized. Twelve L2 test takers with high and low proficiency levels were asked to verbalize their thoughts retrospectively. Content analyses were employed to examine whether their cognitive processes were (ir)relevant to what the test intended to elicit and how well their processes aligned with the test results. The findings revealed that relevant processes were associated with idiosyncratic implicature questions, while irrelevant processes were related to formulaic implicature ones. The high-proficiency test takers generally reported engaging in relevant processes, whereas the low-proficiency test takers reported using for the most part irrelevant processes. Moreover, test takers’ cognitive processes aligned with the test results on the whole. In other words, when the respondents’ cognitive processes corresponded to those the test designed to elicit, the test results were normally correct. One the other hand, when the cognitive processes deviated from the expected ones, the test results were generally incorrect. However, fourteen misalignments were identified and classified as irrelevant conceptual blending, contextual judgment, insufficient effort responding, intuition, and wild guessing. These misalignments were seen as construct irrelevant variance and pose potential threats to the construct validity.
Behavior feature extraction method of college students’ social network in sports field based on clustering algorithm
Authors: Wang Yonggang , Sun Haiou
Published: April 2022

In order to improve the integrity of the social network behavior feature extraction results for sports college students, this study proposes to be based on the clustering algorithm. This study analyzes the social network information dissemination mechanism in the field of college students’ sports, obtains the real-time social behavior data in the network environment combined with the analysis results, and processes the obtained social network behavior data from two aspects of data cleaning and de-duplication. Using clustering algorithm to determine the type of social network user behavior, setting the characteristics of social network behavior attributes, and finally through quantitative and standardized processing, get the results of college students’ sports field social network behavior characteristics extraction. The experimental results showed that the completeness of the method feature extraction results improved to 9.93%, and the average extraction time cost was 0.344 s, with high result integrity and obvious advantages in the extraction speed.
Multilevel MC method for weak approximation of stochastic differential equation with the exact coupling scheme
Authors: Alnafisah Yousef
Published: April 2022

Davie’s exact coupling technique for stochastic differential equations may be used to enhance the convergence of the multilevel Monte Carlo (MC) methodology. Giles developed the multilevel MC technique, which is based on executing the MC method several times with various time increments. It cuts computing costs significantly by executing most simulations at a low cost. The essential concept behind the multilevel MC approach with the exact coupling is discussed in this article. Numerical implementation reveals significant computational savings, which supports the analysis.
A class of p
1(x, ⋅) & p
2(x, ⋅)-fractional Kirchhoff-type problem with variable s(x, ⋅)-order and without the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition in ℝ
N
Authors: Bu Weichun , An Tianqing , Zuo Jiabin
Published: April 2022

In this article, we study a class of Kirchhoff-type equation driven by the variable s(x, ⋅)-order fractional p
1(x, ⋅) & p
2(x, ⋅)-Laplacian. With the help of three different critical point theories, we obtain the existence and multiplicity of solutions in an appropriate space of functions. The main difficulties and innovations are the Kirchhoff functions with double Laplace operators in the whole space ℝ
N
. Moreover, the approach is variational, but we do not impose any Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition for the nonlinear term.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices on occupational health and safety principles among cleaners: the case of Tikur Anbassa Specialized Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebreeyessus Getachew Dagnew
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the occupational risks of cleaners of healthcare institutions like Tikur Anbassa Specialized Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of cleaners focusing on occupational health and safety issues, including biological and chemical risks. Interview data were collected using a structured questionnaire that involved all the cleaners. Additionally, focus group discussions and use of observational checklists were applied to capture both administrative and the actual waste management aspects. The result of the study showed that all cleaners had a favorable attitude towards safety principles. However, the knowledge of cleaners on occupational safety was so poor to the level that all of them did not even know the meaning of nosocomial infection. Almost all of the cleaners, 69 (98.6%), had not taken any preemployment training by the time of the interview. All of the cleaners’ practices were not fully compliant with the universal precaution principles and the major proportion, 37 (53%), of them had instances of needlestick injuries ranging from one to four times. Furthermore, the wastes in the hospital were located indiscriminately and with an uncovered container. Though cleaners had a desirable attitude, the status of occupational safety awareness and practice were not to the expected level that it should be. This institution, and similar institutions, should give emphasis to occupational safety issues with healthcare waste management. Awareness training has to be given before employment as well as refreshment trainings after engagement.
An Experimental Investigation of Martensitic Stainless Steel in Aircraft and Aerospace Industry for Thermal Wear Performance and Corrosion Potential
Authors: Karabeyoglu Sencer Sureyya , Yaman Pasa
Published: April 2022

Martensitic stainless steels are commonly prefered in industries requiring high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and hardness. The dry sliding wear behavior of 15-5 precipitation-hardenable (PH) martensitic stainless steel was investigated in a heat chamber with ball-on-disc tribometer under room temperature (RT), 100 °C, 200 °C, and 300 °C. The wear tracks were characterized using SEM, EDS, WCM and XRD. The results showed that wear resistance improved proportionally with increasing temperature and increased surface hardness enabled coefficient of friction to decrease. Corrosion rate decreased with increasing temperature owing to natural passivation film on stainless steel specimens. In comparison with RT and 300 °C tests, hardness increased from 341 HV0.1 to 401 HV0.1 and wear rate lowered by 94 %. It was shown that application and operation of 15-5 PH stainless steels is eligible in aircraft and aerospace industry.
Der Vogelrindwagen vom Glasinac (Bosnien) im Grabkontext und die kultische Bedeutung der Kesselwägen
Authors: Lippert Andreas
Published: April 2022

Thema des Beitrages ist die Bedeutung der Kessel- und zoomorphen Modellwagen in der Späten Bronze- und Frühen Eisenzeit. Die Überlegungen gehen von einer vollständigen Vorlage und typo-chronologischen Analyse aller 1880 geborgenen Funde aus einer Grabhügelgruppe auf der Glasinac-Hochebene aus, in deren größtem Tumulus das Zentralgrab einen Vogelrindwagen und andere Ritual- und Symposialobjekte enthielt. Vergleiche mit italischen und balkanischen Vogel(rind)wägen und ihren Grabzusammenhängen werden gezogen. Weitere entscheidende Punkte betreffen den sozialen Status der mit einem Modellwagen Verstorbenen, die kultische Funktion dieser Miniaturwägen und den Inhalt der Wagenkessel bzw. zoomorphen Behälter.
Auslegung neuartiger Transferkörper für die Kalibrierung von Massenormalen
Authors: Lehrmann Katharina , Härtig Frank , Tutsch Rainer
Published: April 2022

Mit der ganzheitlichen Modellierung neuartiger Transferkörper aus monokristallinem Silizium wird die erforderliche Basis für hochgenaue Kalibrierungen von Massenormalen mit einer Nennmasse von einem Kilogramm unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen geschaffen. Hergeleitet werden die grundlegenden Gleichungen für eine materialunabhängige Auslegung. Dabei werden alle signifikanten physikalischen Randbedingungen sowie die Voraussetzungen für eine nutzergerechte Handhabbarkeit berücksichtigt. Berechnet werden die Parameter für zwei Sorptionskörper, einen Duplexkörper, der sowohl als Sorptions- als auch Auftriebskörper eingesetzt werden kann, sowie zwei Auftriebskörper mit Hohlkammer oder Inlay.