bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public–private tragedy
Authors: O’Leary Nicola
Published: March 2018

On 13 March 1996, Thomas Hamilton shot and killed 16 children and 1 teacher at Dunblane Primary School, Scotland. In the weeks and months that followed, intense and extensive media coverage focused on the victims, the community, the aftermath and the subsequent intense and emotional outpouring of grief for Dunblane that seemed to come from around the world. The impact of crime on indirect victims has generated a wealth of research; however, surprisingly little is known regarding the impact of ‘high-profile’ crime on a community living in a location that has become synonymous with the crime that took place there. Drawing on a unique set of interviews with members of the Dunblane community, this article explores the victimizing experiences and processes by which some build their sense of identity in the wake of such a high-profile crime. Empirical findings highlight the ways in which private tragedy becomes public property and how some community members are stigmatized by, manage (and are sometimes resilient to) the impact of wider societal reaction. The aftermath of events at Dunblane encouraged some to identify as victims, whilst others were more resilient to the stigmatizing effects of the crime that labelled them and their community with a ‘spoiled victim identity’.
Initial clinical results with a fusion prototype for mammography and three-dimensional ultrasound with a standard mammography system and a standard ultrasound probe
Authors: Emons Julius , Wunderle Marius , Hartmann Arndt , Radicke Marcus , Rauh Claudia , Uder Michael , Gass Paul , Fasching Peter A , Langemann Hanna , Beckmann Matthias W , Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Jud Sebastian M
Published: March 2018

Background

Combinations *Equal contributors. of different imaging techniques in fusion devices appear to be associated with improvements in diagnostic assessment.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of using an automated standard three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) device fused with standard mammography for the first time in breast cancer patients.

Material and Methods

Digital mammograms and 3D automated US images were obtained in 23 patients with highly suspicious breast lesions. A recently developed fusion machine consisting of an ABVS 3D US transducer from an Acuson S2000 machine and a conventional Mammomat Inspiration device (both Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany) were used for the purpose. The feasibility of the examinations, imaging coverage, and patients' experience of the procedure were examined.

Results

In 15 out of 19 patients, the region of interest (ROI) with the tumor marked in the mammogram was visible on US. The examination was experienced positively by the patients, with no unexpected pain or injury. The examination was time-saving and well tolerated.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we have shown initial clinical feasibility of an US/radiography fusion prototype with good localization and evaluation of the ROIs. The combined examination was well tolerated. The simultaneous evaluation with mammography and US imaging may be able to improve detection and reduce examiner-related variability.
Teaching reform and practice in mechanical design via collaboration between academia and industry
Authors: Wei Yulan , Li Bing , Wang Peiliang
Published: March 2018

In order to meet the needs in industrial practice for subject matter experts, this paper introduced the application of project-based design and lecture learning in the course of Mechanical Design. This method is based on the cooperation between academics and industry and relies on Collaborative Innovation Center at Huzhou University. In this paper, the transformation approaches of Mechanical Design course under the new form were described. The setting method of project-based design and lecture learning in Mechanical Design was presented. In addition, the curriculum implementation, teaching arrangements, specific projects, and requirements were elaborated in details. Finally, the examination of the teaching was discussed. The results of teaching evaluation and questionnaires demonstrated the effectiveness of the presented teaching method.
Geographies of production I: Global production and uneven development
Authors: Werner Marion
Published: March 2018

Serial crises in the global economy have spurred renewed debate over contemporary transformations in geographies of uneven development. Global production network (GPN) studies have not been inured to this trend; indeed, in both geography and development sociology, a variety of approaches have emerged to grasp the multi-scaled, relational process of uneven development through the lens of global production. This progress report parses three of these: firm-centric scholarship that increasingly incorporates disinvestment and devaluation as an empirical ‘dark side’ to global production network participation; Marxist approaches that explore the evolving relationship between global inequality and global production; and neo-Marxist studies of regional conjunctures that highlight the constraints, contingencies and colonial legacies shaping uneven development in both long-standing and new ways. While their epistemological differences and normative assumptions are mostly incommensurable, more dialogue across these positions is nonetheless warranted if scholars are to grasp the vicissitudes upending received patterns of uneven development and portending uncertain futures.
Localization of migraine susceptibility genes in human brain by single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Renthal William
Published: March 2018

Background

Migraine is a debilitating disorder characterized by severe headaches and associated neurological symptoms. A key challenge to understanding migraine has been the cellular complexity of the human brain and the multiple cell types implicated in its pathophysiology. The present study leverages recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics to localize the specific human brain cell types in which putative migraine susceptibility genes are expressed.

Methods

The cell-type specific expression of both familial and common migraine-associated genes was determined bioinformatically using data from 2,039 individual human brain cells across two published single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Enrichment of migraine-associated genes was determined for each brain cell type.

Results

Analysis of single-brain cell RNA sequencing data from five major subtypes of cells in the human cortex (neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells) indicates that over 40% of known migraine-associated genes are enriched in the expression profiles of a specific brain cell type. Further analysis of neuronal migraine-associated genes demonstrated that approximately 70% were significantly enriched in inhibitory neurons and 30% in excitatory neurons.

Conclusions

This study takes the next step in understanding the human brain cell types in which putative migraine susceptibility genes are expressed. Both familial and common migraine may arise from dysfunction of discrete cell types within the neurovascular unit, and localization of the affected cell type(s) in an individual patient may provide insight into to their susceptibility to migraine.
Surgical Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Kroslak Martin , Murrell George A.C.
Published: March 2018

Background:

A number of surgical techniques for managing tennis elbow have been described. One of the most frequently performed involves excising the affected portion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB). The results of this technique, as well as most other described surgical techniques for this condition, have been reported as excellent, yet none have been compared with placebo surgery.

Hypothesis:

The surgical excision of the degenerative portion of the ECRB offers no additional benefit over and above placebo surgery for the management of chronic tennis elbow.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

This study investigated surgical excision of the macroscopically degenerated portion of the ECRB (surgery; n = 13) as compared with skin incision and exposure of the ECRB alone (sham; n = 13) to treat patients who had tennis elbow for >6 months and had failed at least 2 nonsurgical modalities. The primary outcome measure was defined as patient-rated frequency of elbow pain with activity at 6 months after surgery. Secondary outcome measures included patient-rated pain and functional outcomes, range of motion, epicondyle tenderness, and strength at 6 months and 2.5 years. All outcome measures up to and including the 6-month follow-up were measured in person; the longer-term questionnaire was conducted in person or over the phone.

Results:

The 2 groups, surgery and sham, were similar for age, sex, hand dominance, and duration of symptoms. Both procedures improved patient-rated pain frequency and severity, elbow stiffness, difficulty with picking up objects, difficulty with twisting motions, and overall elbow rating >6 months and at 2.5 years ( P < .01). Both procedures also improved epicondyle tenderness, pronation-supination range, grip strength, and modified Orthopaedic Research Institute–Tennis Elbow Testing System at 6 months ( P < .05). No significant difference was observed between the groups in any parameter at any stage. No side effects or complications were reported. The study was stopped before the calculated number of patients were enrolled (40 per group); yet, a post hoc futility analysis was conducted that showed, based on the magnitude of the differences between the groups, >6500 patients would need to be recruited per group to see a significant difference between the groups at 26 weeks in the primary outcome (patient-rated frequency of elbow pain with activity).

Conclusion:

With the number of available participants, this study failed to show additional benefit of the surgical excision of the degenerative portion of the ECRB over placebo surgery for the management of chronic tennis elbow.
Return to Sports and Physical Work After Arthroscopic Superior Capsule Reconstruction Among Patients With Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Mihata Teruhisa , Lee Thay Q. , Fukunishi Kunimoto , Itami Yasuo , Fujisawa Yukitaka , Kawakami Takeshi , Ohue Mutsumi , Neo Masashi
Published: March 2018

Background:

Although sports participation and heavy physical work can contribute to rotator cuff tears, many patients expect to return to these activities after surgery; however, irreparable rotator cuff tears can preclude this outcome. A new surgical treatment—arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction (SCR)—restores shoulder stability and muscle balance in patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears; consequently, it improves shoulder function and relieves pain.

Purpose:

To evaluate the rates of return to sports and physical work among patients treated with arthroscopic SCR.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

From 2007 to 2014, we performed arthroscopic SCR in 105 patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears, 5 of whom were lost to follow-up. Consequently, 100 patients (mean age, 66.9 years; range, 43-82 years) were enrolled in the study. Before surgery, 26 patients had participated in sports (2 competitive, 24 recreational), and 34 patients had physical work. Rates of return to sports and physical work, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, active shoulder range of motion, and rate of graft tear were evaluated. The mean time to final follow-up was 48 months (range, 24-88 months).

Results:

All 26 patients who played sports before their injuries returned fully to them. In addition, 32 patients returned fully to their previous physical work, whereas the 2 remaining patients returned with reduced hours and workloads. As compared with the nonsports group, the sports group had significantly higher postoperative active elevation (160° ± 32° vs 146° ± 39°; P = .04) and higher postoperative ASES scores (97 ± 7 vs 91 ± 12; P = .02). The shoulder range of motion and ASES scores before and after surgery did not differ significantly between the physical and nonphysical work groups ( P = .11-.99). The rate of graft tear did not differ between the sports group (4%) and nonsports group (5%) ( P = .75) and between the physical work group (6%) and nonphysical work group (5%) ( P = .77).

Conclusion:

Arthroscopic SCR restored shoulder function and resulted in high rates of return to recreational sports and physical work.
Recent Legal Developments
Authors: Hemmens Craig , McCann Wesley
Published: March 2018

In this article, we review and analyze the criminal justice–related decisions of the 2016 term of the U.S. Supreme Court. We also provide a summary of the Court’s voting patterns and opine authorship. Twenty-two of the Court’s 69 opinions touched on criminal justice. There were significant decisions involving the Fourth Amendment, the death penalty, and sentencing.
Effect of the low- and radio-frequency oxygen plasma treatment of wood fiber on mechanical properties of wood fiber/HDPE composite
Authors: Tang Gang , Hu Xiong , Tang Tianhao , Claramunt Christophe , Liu Chengliang
Published: March 2018

Wood fibers were treated in different plasma frequencies (radio frequency (RF) and low frequency (LF)) using oxygen (O2) for different plasma powers to increase the interface adhesion between wood fiber and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The influence of various plasma frequencies on mechanical properties of wood fiber-reinforced HDPE composites was reported. Tensile, flexure, short beam shear tests were used to determine the mechanical properties of the composites. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) increased from 11.5 MPa for the untreated wood fiber/HDPE composite to 19.8 and 26.3 MPa for LF and RF O2-plasma-treated wood fiber/HDPE composites, respectively. O2 plasma treatment also improved the tensile and flexural strengths of wood fiber/HDPE composites for both plasma systems. It is clear that O2 plasma treatment of wood fibers by RF plasma system instead of using LF plasma system brings about greater improvement on the ILSS of wood/HDPE composites. Improved fiber/matrix adhesion is able to be seen in scanning electron microscopy micrographs of fracture surfaces of the wood fiber/HDPE composite.
Reflections on Globalized Care Chains and Migrant Women Workers
Authors: Romero Mary
Published: March 2018

An analysis of the international division of reproductive labor is incomplete without acknowledging the proliferation of state regulations in migrant-receiving countries, which result in restricting workers’ ability to maintain their own families and to exercise their full range of labor rights. An overview of trends in nations fueling the need for domestic workers and caregivers includes the social conditions for migrants increasingly fill this niche. The transnational circuits of care migration are constructed by the commercial and legal processes used to recruit and transport domestic workers. These are highlighted by analyzing the policies in the USA and United Arab Emirates to demonstrate the restrictions countries place on migrants seeking employment and the limited labor protections offered migrant domestic workers. Two otherwise different countries have adopted similar entry requirements tying migrant domestic workers to employer sponsored jobs in their homes. However, the USA offers fewer visa options to domestic workers and recruitment systems differ. Vulnerabilities faced by migrant domestics receiving visas are linked to these immigration policies.
Whose Family Matters? Work–Care–Migration Regimes and Class Inequalities in Singapore
Authors: Teo Youyenn
Published: March 2018

Scholars have highlighted the multiple dimensions of care and its intersections with migratory patterns to collectively show that there are wide-ranging and sometimes unintended consequences to the global intensification of migrant care labor. This article focuses not on migrant workers themselves, nor on people who hire them. Instead, it throws into the mix a class of people who do not have access to migrant care workers, but who nonetheless live in a society where norms and standards are set by people who do. I argue that under the current work–care–migration regime in Singapore, low-income families’ needs are overlooked. As feminist scholars and activists challenge existing state policies, societal norms, and corporate practices, we must continually insert into conversation the question of class variations and inequalities. The article makes the case for an expanded view in thinking about the effects of paid domestic work on public policy and the wellbeing of various groups in society and along the global care chain.
When the FBI Knocks: Racialized State Surveillance of Muslims
Authors: Alimahomed-Wilson Sabrina
Published: March 2018

The sustained fixation on Muslims as the perennial suspects in domestic terrorism is a stereotype that continues to pervade counter-intelligence driven efforts. This research analyzes 113 cases of FBI contact with US Muslims living in Los Angeles, CA. Based upon these cases, this research suggests that every day, normal behavior becomes suspicious only when practiced by US Muslims, which would otherwise be acceptable, mundane, and unremarkable for ordinary white Christians, therefore constituting a form of “racialized state surveillance.” The most prevalent questions asked by FBI agents to Muslims in this study were regarding religious practices or affiliation with religious organizations demonstrating the FBI faultily presumes that Muslim ties to their community and faith is abnormal, and worthy of state surveillance. This research reveals that FBI contact with Muslims is often not reliant upon actual indications of criminal activity, but instead the contact is predicated upon the suspicion of who is engaged in these behaviors. Under racialized state surveillance, these actions become hyperscrutinized and deemed worthy of FBI assessment.
Voriconazole Autoinduction and Saturable Metabolism After Cessation of Rifampin in a Patient With Invasive Central Nervous System Aspergillus: Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Farrokh Salia , Avdic Edina
Published: March 2018

Purpose:

Optimization of antifungal therapy with voriconazole can be challenging due to inter- and intrapatient variability in voriconazole pharmacokinetics (PK). In this case, we introduce challenges in voriconazole therapy due to drug–drug interactions, autoinduction, and saturable metabolism.

A 32-year-old male on chronic prednisone developed central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis. He was started on high-dose intravenous (IV) voriconazole 8.5 mg/kg every 12 hours due to concerns for lasting induction effects of recent rifampin therapy. The initial voriconazole trough was 2 μg/mL. Frequent dose adjustments were made to maintain the therapeutic trough goal. On day 24 of voriconazole therapy, his trough was undetectable on IV voriconazole 5.5 mg/kg every 12 hours. His dose was escalated to 8.5 mg/kg every 12 hours to avoid subtherapeutic levels and therapeutic failure. On day 48, his trough level was 1.1 μg/mL on the same dose. His regimen was changed to 6.5 mg/kg every 8 hours at this point. Sixteen days after this regimen on day 74 of voriconazole therapy, his trough was 27.2 μg/mL indicating saturable PK of voriconazole in the absence of interacting drugs.

Conclusion:

Our findings highlight the unpredictable PK of voriconazole and reinforce the importance of continuous therapeutic drug monitoring in critically ill patients.
Compassionate Bureaucracy: Assuming the Administrative Burden of Policy Implementation
Authors: Wiley Kimberly , Berry Frances
Published: March 2018

The lens of administration burden is used to examine the behavior of nonprofit organizations when managing regulations attached to public funding and public policy implementation. Interviews with leaders of nonprofit domestic violence advocacy organizations dependent on public funding streams were qualitatively content analyzed to answer three questions. How do nonprofit managers respond to burdensome bureaucratic reporting measures when they are at odds? How do they determine when to comply and when compliance is not possible? What is the outcome for service recipients? The authors find that these nonprofit organizations simultaneously implement multiple public policies while absorbing the accountability costs. They do this to shield their clients from the laborious task of obtaining a spectrum of services across public systems.
An investigation on shear banding and crystallographic texture of Ag–Cu alloys deformed by high-pressure torsion
Authors: Ghosh P , Kormout KS , Todt J , Lienert U , Keckes J , Pippan R
Published: March 2018

Ag–Cu alloys of two different initial microstructures—a cast eutectic alloy (AgCu-E) and an equivolume Ag–Cu powder mixture (AgCu-P)—were deformed by high-pressure torsion. The codeformation of Ag and Cu grains led to uniform refinement and a nanolamellar microstructure for both alloys. However, the lamellar structure in AgCu-P alloys was broken at intermediate shear strains (γ > 150) by extensive shear banding. On the other hand, no shear banding was observed for AgCu-E alloy at similar microstructural refinement. At higher strains deformation induced intermixing of Ag and Cu atoms was observed. Further, three-dimensional diffraction analysis of AgCu-E alloy showed that in contrast to conventional single phase alloys, the Ag and Cu phases develop similar crystallographic texture.
A semi-analytical model of the train-floating slab track–tunnel–soil system considering the non-linear wheel/rail contact
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Zhou Shunhua , Di Honggui , He Chao
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a three-dimensional model for the calculation of train-induced vibration of a floating slab track in an underground tunnel based on the integration of a semi-analytical approach and a dynamic substructure method. The methodology for the train-floating slab track–tunnel–soil coupled model is described and validated by comparing the vibration response of the system with that of the Pipe-in-Pipe model. The innovations of the proposed model include the following: (1) it considers all components of the metro train-induced vibration problem including the train, the floating slab track, the tunnel, the soil and the interactions of the subsystems; and (2) it operates in the time domain and thus is capable of modelling the highly non-linear loading behaviours (i.e. the wheel/rail contact relationship). A hypothetical example is presented to illustrate the vibration isolation effect of the floating slab track using the developed model, and the following conclusions can be drawn. Excellent vibration isolation performance is observed for the floating slab track system, especially for vibrations at a high frequency (above 12.5 Hz), whereas the vibration is amplified near the natural frequency of the floating slab (i.e. 8 Hz in this study) because of the resonance effect. The amplitudes of the soil stresses are reduced due to the floating slab track system, especially for the high-frequency soil stresses.
Analyzing track responses to train braking
Authors: Bose Tulika , Levenberg Eyal , Zania Varvara
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to suggest a response analysis framework for railway tracks that are subjected to braking. An analytical formulation was developed, in which the rail–track system was modeled as an infinite beam supported by an orthogonal Winkler foundation consisting of linear springs in perpendicular directions. The spring constants were varied over a wide range in order to represent different track types. Braking loads were simulated as representative sets of vertical and longitudinal forces, either concentrated or distributed. Considering a realistic set of model parameters, the approach was demonstrated by evaluating the track responses for a single axle and for a full train. The computations included determination of axial rail stresses, forces at the base of a sleeper, and the associated friction demand required to resist longitudinal slippage. Based on these analyses, it is concluded that longitudinal track responses have a much longer influence zone compared to vertical track responses. This implies that calculations involving a full train must be done on a case-by-case basis, i.e. they cannot be deduced from a single axle analysis. It is also found that high values of friction demand may develop at the sleeper bases indicating possible slippage. Overall, the proposed formulation provides a highly adaptable and easily implementable first-order mechanistic tool for the analysis of track responses to decelerating vehicular loads.
External costs from fossil electricity generation: A review of the applied impact pathway approach
Authors: Jorli Mojtaba , Van Passel Steven , Sadeghi Saghdel Hossein
Published: March 2018

This paper reviews and compares 11 studies that have estimated external costs of fossil electricity generation by benefits transfer. These studies include 13 countries and most of these countries are developing countries. The impact pathway approach is applied to estimate the environmental impact arising from fossil fuel-fired power plant’s air emission and the related damages on human health. The estimated damages are used to value the monetary external costs from fossil fuel electricity generation. The estimated external costs in the 13 countries vary from 0.51 to 213.5 USD (2005) per MW h due to differences in fossil fuel quality, location, technology, and efficiency of power plants and additionally differences in assumptions, monetization values, and impact estimations. Accounting for these externalities can indicate the actual costs of fossil energy. The results can be applied by policy makers to take measures to avoid additional costs and to apply newer and cleaner energy sources. The described methods in the selected studies for estimating the external costs with respect to incomplete local data can be applied as a useful example for other developing countries.
Nurses attitudes towards death, dying patients and euthanasia: A descriptive study
Authors: Ay Melike Ayça , Öz Fatma
Published: March 2018

Background:

Attitudes of nurses towards death and related concepts influence end-of-life care. Determining nurses’ views and attitudes towards these concepts and the factors that affect them are necessary to ensure quality end-of-life care.

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to determine nurses’ views and attitudes about death, dying patient, euthanasia and the relationships between nurses’ characteristics.

Methods:

Participants consist of the nurses who volunteered to take part in this descriptive study from 25 hospitals (n = 340) which has a paediatric or adult intensive care unit and located within the boundaries of Ankara, Turkey. ‘Nurse Information Form’ and ‘Attitude Scale about Euthanasia, Death and Dying Patients (DAS)’ were used as data collection tool.

Ethical consideration:

Written permissions were received from the ‘Noninterventional Clinical Researches Ethics Board’ of authors’ university and education councils of each hospital. Informed consent was obtained from participants.

Findings:

It is found that there are statistically significant difference among the factors of marital status, having a child, years of experience, bereavement experience, affected by working with dying patient, definition of euthanasia, views about patients who are appropriate for euthanasia, views about patients who desire to die and feeling need for counselling on these concepts according to the mean total score of nurses’ attitudes about euthanasia, death and dying patient (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The results indicate that nurses are negatively affected to face the concepts of death, euthanasia and work with dying patient. This is reflected in their attitude. In order to gain positive attitude towards death, dying patient and euthanasia, the implementation of training and consulting services to nurses at appropriate intervals during both education and professional life are required.
Responsibility among bachelor degree nursing students: A concept analysis
Authors: Ghasemi Saeed , Ahmadi Fazlollah , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan
Published: March 2018

Background:

Responsibility is an important component of the professional values and core competencies for bachelor degree nursing students and has relationships with nursing education and professionalization. It is important for providing safe and high-quality care to the clients for the present and future performance of student. But there is no clear and operational definition of this concept for bachelor degree nursing students; however, there are extensive contents and debates about the definitions, attributes, domains and boundaries of responsibility in nursing and non-nursing literature.

Objective:

To examine the concept of responsibility among bachelor degree nursing students using the evolutionary approach to concept analysis.

Methods:

A total of 75 articles published between 1990 and 2016 and related to the concept of responsibility were selected from seven databases and considered for concept analysis based on Rogers’ evolutionary approach.

Ethical considerations:

Throughout all stages of data collection, analysis and reporting, accuracy and bailment were respected.

Findings:

Responsibility is a procedural, spectral, dynamic and complex concept. The attributes of the concept are smart thinking, appropriate managerial behaviours, appropriate communicational behaviours, situational self-mandatory and task-orientation behaviours. Personal, educational and professional factors lead to the emergence of the responsible behaviours among bachelor degree nursing students. The emergence of such behaviours facilitates the learning and education process, ensures nursing profession life and promotes clients and community health level. Responsibility has some effects on nursing students.

Discussion:

This concept had been changed over time since 1990–2016. There are similarities and differences in the elements of this concept in disciplines of nursing and other educational disciplines.

Conclusion:

The analysis of this concept can help to develop educational or managerial theories, design instruments for better identification and evaluation of responsible behaviours among bachelor degree nursing students, develop strategies for enhancing the responsibility and improve the safety and quality of nursing care in the community and healthcare system.
The Community of Inquiry and Emotional Presence
Authors: Majeski Robin A. , Stover Merrily , Valais Teresa
Published: March 2018

The community of inquiry (COI) model identifies elements which are fundamental to a successful online learning experience, namely, teaching presence, cognitive presence, and social presence. The model has received empirical support as a useful framework for understanding the online learning experience. A limitation of the model is its understanding of emotional presence which, according to the COI model, is seen solely in terms of emotional expression, which, in turn, is a part of social presence. Emotional intelligence would support a much broader role for emotional presence in learning and embrace to a larger extent how emotions play out in the learning process, than singularly “emotional expression” in the original COI framework. Thus, the article first presents a conceptualization of emotional presence in terms of emotional intelligence. Second, it discusses the relationship of emotional presence to teaching presence and how teaching presence may foster emotional presence in learners. Finally, how emotional presence in teaching presence may foster social presence and cognitive presence in learners and lead to successful learning is presented.
Cystic acne due to imatinib therapy for chronic myelocytic leukemia
Authors: Hwang Andrew , Iskandar Andrew , del Rosario Michael , Dasanu Constantin A
Published: March 2018

Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of several malignancies. Its use, however, is associated with a number of toxic effects including adverse cutaneous reactions. Herein, we present a case of facial cystic acne in a patient receiving imatinib therapy for chronic myelocytic leukemia. This side effect resolved with cessation of therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this clinical entity has never been previously reported in the medical literature.
Intensification of the convective drying process of Salvia officinalis: Modeling and optimization
Authors: Jebri Monia , Tarrazó José , Bon José , Desmorieux Hélène , Romdhane Mehrez
Published: March 2018

The current study deals with an innovation in the hot air convective drying process consisting of the application of two consecutive drying steps. Temperatures ranging between 60 and 80 ℃ for times between 200 and 600 s were applied for the first stage, and from 40 to 80 ℃ for the second stage. Salvia officinalis, an aromatic, medicinal Mediterranean plant with remarkable antioxidant properties, was selected for this study. A management of the process regarding the antioxidant capacity of S. officinalis extracts and energy consumption was carried out: (i) artificial neural networks were applied to model the evolution of the antioxidant capacity and moisture content of the product in the drying process; (ii) a genetic algorithm and a multiobjective genetic algorithm were selected to optimize the drying process, considering the antioxidant capacity and/or the energy consumption in the objective function. The results showed that the optimum values depended, logically, on the controllable variables values (hot air temperatures and drying times), but also on the uncontrollable variable values (room air temperature and relative humidity and the product’s initial mass and moisture content).
Cognitive and Emotional Stressors of Child Homicide Investigations on U.K. and Danish Police Investigators
Authors: Roach Jason , Sharratt Kathryn , Cartwright Ashley , Skou Roer Thomas
Published: March 2018

In a previous paper, key differences in the form and manifestation of cognitive and emotional stress experienced by investigators of adult and child homicide were identified, along with a cursory look at how investigators commonly deal or cope with these effects. In this article, the findings from 11 interviews with U.K. and Danish police officers with experience of investigating both adult and child homicides suggest that child homicide investigations can have a profoundly different effect on police investigators that can vary between officers. The effects experienced and coping strategies employed were similar among officers in Denmark and the United Kingdom, and these included becoming more emotionally closed and engaging in regular sport and exercise. The findings hold important implications for police training and for the welfare of current and future police homicide investigators particularly where the victim is a child.
The Terrorist and the Collaborator
Authors: Groves Tim , Routt William D.
Published: March 2018

In a culture saturated with media images of terrorism, it is all too easy to conflate identities with representation. This article explores some of the sense made by terrorist figures such as master criminals, serial killers, bushrangers and the shuhada. It suggests the complexity of such cultural tropes by indicating some of the ways in which they are deployed and thought within the specific experiences of the authors. The piece takes the form of a free-flowing dialogue that disrupts the identities of the speakers. There is a sense in which terror is evoked directly in images: skyscrapers falling, the rubble of what was once a nightclub, explosions, bodies, the faces of grief — or, if these are not simple images of terror, they only require simple stories to become them. This piece takes the form of a free-flowing ‘dialogue’ in which the speakers — the terrorist and the collaborator — are deliberately not identified.
‘Dog-Whistle’ Journalism and Muslim Australians since 2001
Authors: Poynting Scott , Noble Greg
Published: March 2018

‘Dog-whistle politics’ was much discussed around the 2001 federal election campaign in which the Howard government used the ‘ Tampa crisis’ and September 11 to appeal successfully to popular xenophobia and insecurities. The notion involves sending a sharp message which, like a dog whistle inaudible to humans, calls clearly to those intended, and goes unheard by others. This article argues that this sort of ideological manoeuvre has been abetted by an analogous process in the tabloid press, in which ostensibly liberal, reasonable stories speak at the ‘inaudible’ level to those whose insecurity and ignorance leaves them susceptible to populist claims that their relaxed and comfortable past has been stolen away by cosmopolitan, ‘politically correct’ elites and the ‘multicultural industry’. Three examples are analysed: the stories of the women's gym and the halal hamburgers in Western Sydney, and that of the Muslim man threatened with dismissal from his Sydney North Shore professional job for praying in his lunch hour. Each was originally run as a ‘good news story’ or as sympathetic to Muslim protagonists, but provoked a backlash which generated extended ‘news’ and comment — much of it racist — and irresponsibly exacerbating community tensions.
Arabic and Muslim People in Sydney's Daily Newspapers, before and after September 11
Authors: Manning Peter
Published: March 2018

This paper examines two years of articles/texts located around the concepts of ‘Arab’ and ‘Muslim’ within Sydney's two major daily newspapers. It finds peak issues which concentrate reporting of these concepts and it focuses on language used by journalists and the meanings they carry within the texts chosen around those peak issues. It argues that a consistency of view can be found in three peak issues — the Palestine/Israel conflict, Lebanese rape trials and the arrival of asylum seekers — and that this view is an antipodean development of a Western way of seeing the Orient defined by Edward Said as ‘orientalism’.
Who's Driving the Asylum Debate? Newspaper and Government Representations of Asylum Seekers
Authors: Klocker Natascha , Dunn Kevin M.
Published: March 2018

The welfare and future of asylum seekers in Australia have been very contentious contemporary issues. Findings based on content analysis of media releases in 2001 and 2002 reveal the unrelentingly negative way in which the federal government portrayed asylum seekers. While the government's negative tenor was constant during the study period, the specific terms of reference altered, from ‘threat’ through ‘other’, to ‘illegality’ and to ‘burden’. The negative construction of asylum seekers was clearly mutable. Analysis of newspaper reporting during the same period indicates that the media largely adopted the negativity and specific references of the government. The media dependence upon government statements and spokespersons in part explains this relation. The findings generally support the ‘propaganda model’ that holds a pessimistic view of the news media's critical abilities. However, the media departed somewhat slightly from the government's unchanging stance following some key events and revelations. Clearly, there is scope for disrupting the flow of negative constructions from government to media, and ultimately to audiences.
‘I Certainly Don't Want People like That Here’: The Discursive Construction of ‘Asylum Seekers’
Authors: Saxton Alison
Published: March 2018

In October 2001, it was alleged that asylum seekers had thrown their children overboard in order to manipulate the Australian Navy to pick them up and take them to Australian territory. In response to this incident, Prime Minister John Howard announced on radio 3LO: ‘I certainly don't want people like that here.’ (Mares, 2002: 135) A discursive approach is adopted in this paper to examine how asylum seekers have been constructed to be ‘people like that’ in the print media. The analysis demonstrates that asylum seekers have been represented as illegal, non-genuine and threatening in these texts. These representations were employed within nationalist discourse to legitimate the government's actions and public opinion concerning asylum seekers and to manage the delicate issue of national identity. The discursive management of the collective identity of asylum seekers by the dominant culture to construct a specific social reality is discussed and illustrated.
Read the Whole Thing: Journalism, Weblogs and the Re-Mediation of the War in Iraq
Authors: Redden Guy
Published: March 2018

This paper examines a particular form of online activity — weblogging — and how it has allowed for specific new forms of popular political communication in the context of the Second Gulf War. After describing the basics of weblogging, the paper discusses Western media coverage of the war and then shows how ‘warbloggers’ positioned themselves vis-à-vis media coverage and propaganda, creating commentaries that frequently combined media and political criticism. While bloggers of every political hue offered a range of perspectives and personal styles, some general tendencies are evident in warblogging discourse. The piece ends by questioning the significance of warblogging in terms of its potential contribution to democratic communication.
‘David vs Goliath’: Australian Jewish Perceptions of Media Bias in Reporting the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Authors: Bloch Barbara
Published: March 2018

This article seeks to show how the notion of ‘media bias’ has functioned in much Jewish discomfort and anger with how the second, or Al Aqsa, intifada has been represented by mainstream Australian and global media. My objective is not to demonstrate that this reporting in general favours one side of this conflict over the other, nor that there is an unproblematic position of balance which could be attained. Rather, I utilise the concept of media frames to problematise responses by Jewish and other audiences regarding Palestinians being represented by the media sympathetically as the ‘underdog’, and accusations of media bias against Israel. I examine the work that the metaphor ‘David versus Goliath’ has accomplished over the longer period of the Arab–Israeli conflict and how it has framed the conflict for both media and audiences. Finally, I draw on Judith Butler's writing on ‘explanation and exoneration’ in relation to what could be spoken of, and heard, by Americans in the September 11 attacks, to suggest that a similar discourse exists in relation to how Israeli and Palestinian violence can be spoken of from the perspective of Israel. I argue that the accusations of media bias against Israel circulate around a sense that the Israeli and Jewish narrative has been to some extent decentred by sections of the international media and other bodies.
Comparing an on-site nurse practitioner with telemedicine physician support hospitalist programme with a traditional physician hospitalist programme
Authors: Boltz Michelle , Cuellar Norma G , Cole Casey , Pistorese Brent
Published: March 2018

Introduction

Since 2010, more than 75 rural hospitals have closed in the USA and more than one-third are at risk of closure due to lower patient volumes, lower funding levels, decreased hospital revenue and lower physician employment pools. Telemedicine can provide new models of care delivery that maintain quality and reduce cost of healthcare in rural populations. The purpose of this project was to evaluate a cross-organizational pilot program by comparing a NP/telemedicine physician hospitalist programme with a traditional physician hospitalist model to assess effects on length of patient stay, mortality rates, readmission rate, Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) ratings of provider communication, and total hospital costs.

Methods

The Standard for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE) guidelines were followed. Using a one-year retrospective chart review, average length of stay, mortality rates, 30-day readmission rates and provider communication ratings were compared between hospitalists that were nurse practitioners working with physicians through telemedicine support and physicians alone.

Results

There was no statistically significant variance in average length of stay, mortality rates, 30-day readmission rates, or provider communication ratings on HCAHPS surveys compared to the NP or physician hospitalist.

Discussion

This new model of care demonstrates that telemedicine can be used to provide safe and efficient physician support from a regional hub medical centre to nurse practitioners practising as hospitalists in rural Critical Access Hospitals at up to 58% cost savings while maintaining quality of care and increasing access to community-based physicians.
Pulmonary embolism attenuation is a potential imaging biomarker for pulmonary artery hemodynamic improvement after catheter-directed thrombolysis
Authors: Takahashi Edwin A , Reisenauer Christopher J , Stockland Andrew H , Bjarnason Haraldur , Neisen Melissa J , Neidert Newton B , Harmsen William S , Day Courtney N , Misra Sanjay
Published: March 2018

This study examined the potential correlation between pulmonary embolism (PE) attenuation on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and pulmonary artery hemodynamic response to catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in 10 patients with submassive PE. Treatment parameters, PE attenuation, clot burden, computed tomography signs of right ventricle dysfunction and right ventricular systolic pressure at echocardiography were retrospectively analyzed to determine correlation with pulmonary artery pressure improvement using Spearman correlation. A single reader, blinded to the treatment results, measured PE attenuation of all patients. There was a significant positive correlation between PE attenuation and absolute pulmonary artery pressure improvement with a Spearman correlation of 0.741, p=0.014. When attenuation was greater than or equal to the median (44.5 HU, n=5), CDT was associated with significantly better pulmonary artery pressure improvement ( p=0.037). Clot attenuation at CTPA may be a potential imaging biomarker for predicting pulmonary artery pressure improvement after CDT.
Dynamic plastic response of double-layered circular metallic plates due to localized impulsive loading
Authors: Rezasefat M , Mirzababaie Mostofi T , Babaei H , Ziya-Shamami M , Alitavoli M
Published: March 2018

In this paper, the dynamic plastic response of double-layered circular metallic plates subjected to localized impulsive loading was investigated both numerically and empirically. A numerical model was developed in commercial finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit via a user user-defined FORTRAN subroutine in conjunction with the Johnson–Cook thermo-viscoplasticity and damage models. The numerical results were validated with the available experimental results. Next, rigorous parametric studies were conducted on double-layered plates made of Weldox 460E, Aluminum 1100-H12 and a combination of these materials with copper plates for the impulse range of 10–110 N.s. Finally, dimensional analysis of the parametric study was performed and new empirical design formulas were derived for prediction of central deflections of back and front layers based on the suggested dimensionless numbers. The numbers considered the effect of the structural geometry, the inertia of applied dynamic load, the material resistance ability to the plastic deformation, the strain rate sensitivity of the material, and the load ratio both for front and back layers. The comparison between parametric study results and proposed empirical expressions illustrated that the derived equations provided quite reliable and accurate predictions of the central deflections of back and front layers when the deflections changed ranging from 11.4 mm to 62.8 mm.