bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vietnamese Version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: Reliability, Cut-Off Point, and Association With Depression Among Health Science Students
Authors: Nguyen An Huynh Bao , Nguyen Ngoc Thi Tieu , Vo Nghia Quang , Nguyen Dung Hoang
Published: March 2024

Background and Objective Sleep disturbances among medical students, including insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality, are prevalent issues with potential repercussions on mental health.Methods The study evaluated the Vietnamese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality and investigated the correlation between the results of the PSQI and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scales in health sciences students.Results We conducted this cross-sectional study at the School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, involving 906 medical, pharmaceutical, and dental students. Data were collected through a self-reporting questionnaire.Conclusions The Vietnamese version of the PSQI scale demonstrates acceptable reliability. Furthermore, positive correlations were observed between the total PSQI score and components of the BDI-II. A recommended cut-off point above 5 is proposed for identifying sleep disturbances among health sciences students using the Vietnamese PSQI. Conclusions The study affirms the reliability of the Vietnamese PSQI scale, suggesting its suitability for screening sleep disturbances among health sciences students in Vietnam. PSQI component scores significantly correlated with total BDI-II score.
Genetic Influences on Snoring: A Narrative Review
Authors: Han Sun A , Kim Jeong-Whun
Published: March 2024

Snoring is a sound that results from vibrations of soft tissues in the narrowed upper airway during sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease entity that must be properly treated. Snoring, which is also considered a symptom of the spectrum of sleep-related breathing disorders, is often overlooked. Although many studies have been conducted on genetic risk factors related to OSA, studies focusing on snoring are limited. Here, we reviewed the literature regarding the influence of genetics on snoring. Initial studies on the influence of genetics on snoring were based on twin and familial studies. Twin studies demonstrated that the phenotypic correlation of snoring between monozygotic twins was greater than that in dizygotic twins, while family history of snoring increases the risk of snoring. Genome-wide association studies showed that traits such as minimum SpO2, umbilical hernia or anthropometric measures such as leg fat mass were genetically correlated to snoring. Traits were mapped and genes such as DLEU7 and MSRB3 have been identified. Snoring is not a disease that should be overlooked. Those with genetic factors increasing the risk of snoring should put more effort into controlling the modifiable risk factor related to snoring.
Assessment of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, and Mallampati Score in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Observational Study
Authors: Mastud Chaitra Santoshkumar , Deshmukh Sonali V. , Rahalkar Jayesh , Bharatwal Madhusudhan , Mane Shailaja , Mastud Santoshkumar Pandurang
Published: March 2024

Background and Objective Individuals diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience recurrent episodes of breathing cessation due to blockage of the upper airway during sleep. This study aimed to assess the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) scores, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores, and Mallampati score in pediatric patients with OSA, compared with non-OSA.Methods An observational study was conducted on 100 pediatric female patients aged 9-13 years with retrognathic mandible. The participants were subjected to PSQ, ESS, and Mallampati score to assess the size and shape of the patient’s tongue and esophageal airway. Finally, polysomnographic examination was carried out for all the participants and they were divided into two groups: Group 1 (50 patients) who were diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography and Group 2 (50 patients) consisting of non-OSA patients. Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test were applied to compare scores between the two groups.Results The mean PSQ, ESS, and Mallampati scores of participants were 0.78 ± 0.45, 9.86 ± 2.47, and 2.27 ± 0.98, respectively in Group 1 and 0.24 ± 0.03, 7.27 ± 2.39, and 1.32 ± 0.57, respectively in Group 2, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). PSQ, ESS, and Mallampati scores had specificity of 100%, 95.5%, and 72.7%, respectively, whereas the sensitivity was 45.5%, 22.7%, and 63.6%, respectively. ESS scores ≥ 10, PSQ scores ≥ 0.3, and Mallampati scores ≥ 2 were indicative of OSA.Conclusions Patients with OSA having retrognathic mandible had higher PSQ, ESS, and Mallampati scores compared to healthy individuals without OSA. Mallampati score can be satisfactorily used for screening OSA patients.
REL Healthy School: Health Innovation Through Coordinated School Health Program in YWKA Elementary School
Authors: Darmawati Irma
Published: March 2024

Schools as places for teaching and learning to take place are expected to become Health Promotion Schools. This can be maximally pursued by planning innovative health program activities in schools. The implementation of this community service activity provides solutions through health innovation in Trias UKS using Coordinated School Health Program. The method of activity is community empowerment, which is accomplished through a series of outreach, training, education, and coaching activities. Dokcil Students in SD YWKA improved their cognitive, attitude, and behavior as a result of the practice.
Balanced Nutrition Optimizes Growth and Development of School-Age Children
Authors: Dharmansyah Dhika , Lindawati Dede
Published: March 2024

Increasing incidence of school-age children with overweight and obesity problems increases the risk of future health problems. This community services provides solutions to introduce balanced nutrition to school-aged children. The method of this activity is community empowerment and training activities. This activity useful for increasing the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of YWKA elementary school students. The role of community nurses is needed to implement a balanced nutrition program as part of promotional and preventive efforts to prevent problems in children.
Patient's Family Perception of Service Satisfaction Nursing Care in the Covid-19 Era in the Children's Room Indramayu Hospital in 2021
Authors: Winani Winani , Efendi Bachtiar , Aziz Rofan
Published: March 2024

Satisfaction of the patient's family with nursing care in the hospital is very important in providing an overall picture of the quality of health services, especially in the children's room. This study aims to determine the Patient's Family Perception of the Satisfaction of Nursing Care Services in the Covid-19 Era in the Children's Room of the Indramayu Hospital. This research is a quantitative research using descriptive method. The population in the study amounted to 265, with a sample of 100 respondents. The results of the study illustrate that 10% of respondents are satisfied with the Nursing Care Service, 7% are satisfied based on the reliability dimension, 21% are satisfied based on the responsiveness dimension, 8% are satisfied based on the assurance dimension, 67% are satisfied based on the empathy dimension, and 39% are satisfied based on the tangible dimension. The results of these studies have not reached the standard according to the Decree of the Minister of Health Number 129/Menkes/SK/II/2008 concerning Minimum Service Standards for Hospitals. For this reason, hospitals can carry out regular evaluations to find out what must be improved and maintained in the services provided so that hospitals can achieve better quality standards by making continuous quality improvements every three months with one month of data collection.
Prevention of Diarrhea and Worms in Elementary School in the Pasirkaliki Health Center area, Bandung
Authors: Cahyaningsih Henny , Rumijati Tjutju , Hamzah Ali , Kusmiati Sri , Nursyamsiyah Nursyamsiyah , Ariyanti Metia , Salasa Sehabudin
Published: March 2024

National health development is essentially the development of quality Indonesian people where one of the strategic efforts to improve a quality generation is through education and health through the School Health Business (UKS) program. The purpose of this community service is to improve the knowledge and skills of washing hand with soap (CTPS) properly in preventing diarrhea and worms in students at the Kresna and Jatayu State Elementary Schools in the Pasirkaliki Health Center , Bandung . The method used in this activity is participatory training and mentoring for school children through discussions, questions answers, demonstrations, and direct practice simulations in groups. The respondents who took part in this program were 40 elementary school students in grades 4 and 5 who were randomly selected. The results showed an increase in the average score before and after training for elementary school students, the average knowledge (1.7 to 2.83), and the average increase in skills (1.64 to 2.88). Elementary school students showed enthusiasm and were able to demonstrate how to wash hands with soap (CTPS). This activity needs to be followed up in collaboration with the Puskesmas to map out achievements in the implementation of training on the prevention of diarrhea and helminthiasis in primary schools in other Puskesmas.
Tandem Stance for Fall Prevention in Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus : a Case Study
Authors: Darmawati Irma , Aulianti Trisna
Published: March 2024

A Tandem Stance is a therapy for fall prevention in the elderly, especially with type 2 diabetes mellitus. People with diabetes mellitus have a risk of forming wounds that are difficult to heal if they have an accidental fall. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of tandem stance therapy as fall prevention for the elderly with T2DM. The research design used an evaluative design is a case study with data analysis using descriptive-analytic. The case study was carried out on the elderly aged 62 years with diabetes mellitus. Tandem walking exercises are carried out for approximately 10-15 minutes and are carried out for 7 days. Evaluation on the 7th-day intervention showed that the client has been able to adjust the balance to stand, walking is normal, and the balance of the body, especially when walking has increased. The patient says she doesn't feel stiff in the joints, only sometimes feels achy and easily tired. It was concluded that tandem stance therapy is recommended for fall prevention in the elderly. Community nurses can implement this intervention to reduce the risk of falls in the elderly group.
Exercise Method for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension in Cipta Harja Village, Cipatat District, Bandung
Authors: Rahmawati Ade Ajeng , Cahayani Julia Annisa , Yasa Tegar Saputra
Published: March 2024

High blood pressure can worsen a person's quality of life, even hypertension is the cause of other diseases. Prevention is important to prevent and even reduce the risk factors for hypertension. Prevention can be done in various ways, one of which is physical activity. This study aims to determine the management of physical exercise techniques to reduce blood pressure in residents of Cipta Raharja with hypertension. The method used is One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, involving 45 groups of adults to elderly people with hypertension in Cipta Harga Village, Cipatat District. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling. The results showed that hypertension exercise reduced blood pressure in the systolic range of 4 to 34 mmHg and the diastolic range of 5 to 30 mmHg. Measurements were taken before and after hypertension exercise with a rest break after exercise to 1-hour measurement. It can be concluded that hypertension exercise can be used as an intervention option for reducing hypertension.
Implementing Guide Imagery for Elderly with Diabetes Mellitus Post Covid-19 who Experiencing Respiratory Disorders
Authors: Pajriyah Pajriyah
Published: March 2024

The success of health development in Indonesia has had an impact, among others, on increasing the life expectancy of the elderly. One of the health problems that often occur in the elderly is diabetes mellitus. Various complications from diabetes mellitus can very easily occur, especially during the current Covid-19 pandemic. Preliminary studies conducted by WHO on the relationship between diabetes and Covid-19 showed that around 25 percent of Covid-19 patient s in hospitals with poor conditions had diabetes. With advanced age, of course it is very risky if you depend only on drugs, therefore non-pharmacological therapy is needed, one of which is relaxation techniques. The National Safety Council says guided imagery is a distraction technique that can be used to reduce stress and increase feelings of calm and peace and is a sedative for difficult situations in life. Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of guided imagery therapy in the elderly with post-covid-19 diabetes mellitus who experience respiratory tract disorders. Method: case study conducted by observation. Results: After 7 days, 2 hours after the intervention, the authors measured blood pressure, checked SPO2 and calculated the respiratory system back to Mr.A. The results obtained were 120/80 mmHg, SPO2 95% and respiration 20x/minute. Patient said he was not short of breath, Patient looks no longer limp pale like the first day the assessment was carried out. Conclusion: there is an effect of guided imagery therapy in the elderly with post-covid-19 diabetes mellitus who experience respiratory tract disorders
Use of Olive Oil as an Effort to Prevent Damage to Skin Integrity: A Case Study
Authors: Nuryanah Nuryanah
Published: March 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes, is a collection of symptoms in a person due to increased blood sugar (glucose) levels, so that the pancreas works harder to produce insulin to balance sugar levels in the blood. The 2018 Riskesdas stated that the prevalence of DM in Indonesia had increased from 6.9% in 2013 to 8.5% in 2018. One of the herbal treatments in the study was olive oil. Olive oil is one of the natural ingredients recommended to help the healing process of diabetic wounds. The benefits of olive oil are able to treat diabetic wounds. Purpose: This case study is to find out whether olive oil can help heal damaged skin integrity in elderly people with diabetes. The research design used is a descriptive case study. The research subject is Mrs. A who is an elderly 54 years old. Results: The results of a case study conducted for 7 days of olive oil administration showed that there was a change in reaction to damage to the integrity of the skin of elderly people with diabetes mellitus after being given olive oil. Conclusion: there is an effect of olive oil on damage to the integrity of the skin of the elderly. By applying olive oil to dry skin areas. Suggestion: Olive oil is a non-pharmacological natural therapy method that can moisturize the skin in patients with diabetes mellitus. Giving olive oil can also be developed in the treatment room to help treat wounds in the elderly with diabetes mellitus.
Corner of Exclusive Breastfeeding Consultation Through Empowering Breastfeeding Support Cadres in Takome Village
Authors: Abdullah Fadila , Djama Nuzliati T , Krisnawati Arini
Published: March 2024

The role of health cadres in health development is crucial. Specifically, for cadres with an understanding of Exclusive Breastfeeding and lactation management capable of educating the community, the capacity is still limited. The presence of breastfeeding support cadres is expected to help the community provide the best food for infants, namely exclusive breastfeeding up to the age of 6 months, followed by complementary feeding until the age of 2 years. Breastfeeding is essential for the growth of infants, hence the need for understanding among mothers to provide exclusive breastfeeding. The coverage of Exclusive Breastfeeding in infants in the North Maluku Province in 2019 was 64.36%, decreasing in 2020 to 62.41%, and increasing to 66% in 2021. Although the data in the last year increased, it is still below the national coverage of 71.58%. The method used to form a mother's breastfeeding education group is a community-based group consisting of breastfeeding support cadres and pregnant women who hold regular monthly meetings to share experiences and monitor Exclusive Breastfeeding. The goal of the breastfeeding support group is to empower breastfeeding mothers to practice early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) and provide exclusive breastfeeding smoothly. This community service activity was carried out at the Sulamadaha Community Health Center in Ternate City, and the activity went well. Evaluation was conducted by the responsible midwife at the Integrated Health Post (posyandu) in Takome Village. The target of this activity was the cadres. The service proceeded well and smoothly thanks to the cooperation of the entire service team and the Sulamadaha Community Health Center in Ternate City.
La débil garantía constitucional del derecho a la protección de la salud en España: una propuesta de reforma
Authors: Ramírez José María Porras
Published: March 2024

Objective: To discuss the right to health protection in Spain and its non-inclusion in the category of fundamental rights. Methodology: Critical review of Spanish and international normative documents - Constitution, laws, and international treaties - from the perspective of analyzing health as a fundamental right. Results: The guarantee and effectiveness of the right to health in Spain are not satisfactory, as from the legislative and often administrative regulation of the topic, well-defined and enforceable legal claims arise before judicial bodies, as individual subjective rights. This allows the legislator to introduce significant setbacks in determining the scope of the right to health. Conclusion: A constitutional reform is necessary to reconfigure a right and include it in the list of those considered fundamental in Section 1 of Chapter II of Title I of the Constitution, in order to endow it with an essential content, binding for the legislator, and so that it itself benefits from direct and maximum jurisdictional guarantee, both ordinary and extraordinary, before the Constitutional Court.
Submission: 12/15/23| Review: 02/08/24| Approval: 02/08/24
Synthesis and Identification of Some New bis Oxazepinedione and bis Benzoxazepinedione Compounds via Cyclization Reaction for Some bis Schiff Bases
Authors: Beebany Shakhawan , Jasim Saad , Arslan Sevgi
Published: March 2024

This study was involved synthesis of new bis oxazepinedione and bis benzoxazepinedione compounds, derived from Schiff bases a(1-5). These Schiff bases were prepared from hydrazine and diethyl succinate using ethanol as solvent. The prepared Schiff bases have been undergone to reaction with maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride to form bis oxazepinedione b(1-5) and bis benzoxazepinedione b(6-10) derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen (CHN) Elemental Analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The molecular orbital package (MOPAC) method has been used to calculate heat of formation (HF) and steric Energy (SE) for all of the synthesized chemicals. The (SE) calculations were performed using the molecular modelling (MM2) method. The MOPAC and MM2 methods are available in CS- Chemoffice-version 6.0 contains. The results indicated that compounds (a3, a4, b5 and b9) were shown high stability and less steric effect. This may relate to the presence of donating groups in the structure [OCH3 and N(CH3)2 ].
First evidence of Blastocystis spp. in livestock animals: An emerging zoonosis from Sulaymaniyah Province
Authors: Abdullah Shadan
Published: March 2024

Blastocystosis is an infection with zoonotic parasite Blastocystis spp. commonly habitat the intestinal tract of wide range of hosts including human, animals and birds. The study conducted during June to November 2022 in Sulaymaniyah province for detection of Blastocystis spp. from livestock animals. For this purpose, a total of 250 fecal samples were collected randomly from cattle, sheep, and goats of different age groups. Based on microscopic examination of the examined fecal smears the overall prevalence rate of Blastocystis spp. was 24.4% among examined ruminant hosts. Higher prevalence rate has been reported from cattle 29% followed by sheep 27%, and goats 16%, with no significant differences. The study data confirmed Blastocystis colonization of livestock animals in the study area, further study for detection of various subtypes by applying of molecular techniques is essential to find out the infected subtypes and define their impact on public health.
The roles of NADPH oxidase and PKC pathways in the modulation of GLP-1 induced-vasorelaxation in diabetic rat aorta
Authors: Ahmed Solav , Hussein Ridha
Published: March 2024

A hormone of the incretin system known as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is important for a number of glucoregulatory functions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhibitors on the vasorelaxant response of GLP-1 in T1D rats. A single subcutaneous injection of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) was used to develop diabetes mellitus. Eighty aortic rings from twenty male albino rats were prepared. An Automatic Organ Bath was used. In our study, apocynin increased vascular response to GLP- 1 in the non-diabetic group with (Emax:72.40±0.350) and (pD2: -9.923±0.444). In induced diabetes, the NADPH oxidase inhibitor decreased GLP-1 vasodilatation property with (Emax; 68.91±2.002) and (pD2: -9.480±0.138). The results show that bisindolylmaleimide IX (RO31-8220) has an increased effect on GLP-1 vasodilation in non-diabetic groups with (Emax:88.45±38.18) and (pD2: -10.81±0.281). While in induced diabetic rat’s vascular relaxation of GLP-1 decreased with (Emax: 77.73±2.801) and (pD2: - 10.28±0.203). The data analysis demonstrated that rotenone with (Emax: 63.69±35.10) (pD2: - 9.612±0.246), and in diabetic rats with (Emax:69.98±22.94) and (pD2: -9.612±0.246). In our study oxypurinol with (Emax: 82.16±16.10) and (pD2: - 9.434±0.443), and in diabetic rats with (Emax: 58.03±8.350) and (pD2: -9.612±0.246). We concluded that inhibitors could increase the vasorelaxant response of GLP-1 in non-diabetic rats, while this vasorelaxant response of GLP-1 diminished in diabetic-induced rats.
Body Image and its Relation with Coping Strategies in Breast Cancer Patients: A Descriptive Study in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Sharif Bakhan , Saeed Mahabat , Nouri Bijan , Valiee Sina
Published: March 2024

Background: Breast cancer is several of the worst severe illnesses for women, which influences their physical and mental quality of life and acceptance of their bodies. It affects patients' views of their bodies; thus, finding effective coping mechanisms is essential.

 

Objective: This study aimed to discover body image and its relation with coping mechanisms in breast cancer patients admitted to Hiwa Hematology/Oncology Hospital in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.

 

Materials & Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted on women diagnosed with breast cancer admitted to the Hiwa Hematology/Oncology Hospital Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. A three-part questionnaire was utilized to gather information to determine body image and coping mechanisms that were demographic and clinical form, body image scale and Coping Orientation to coping or regulating cognitions in response to stressors (Brief-COPE).

 

Results: The mean score for the body image was reported as 7.86±7.73, the mean score for coping strategies, including problem-focused /active coping strategies items was reported as 2.74±0.67, and functional items as 2.82±0.43. Considering the calculated mean scores, the distress or concerns of the participants about their body image were lower. The most frequent coping strategies were religious coping (3.88±0.32), while the least active coping approach was humor (1.96±1.08). Self-distraction (3.13±1.03) was the least avoidant coping strategy. A significant positive relationship between the coping strategies with body image was reported as (p=0.032, r=0.200).

 

Conclusions: Good body image in women was associated with increased usage of practical acceptance. Therefore, it is advised to promote a positive view of physical appearance and having skilled nurses assess all breast cancer patients' capacity for coping following surgery. Nurses and patients can effectively communicate about body image and coping techniques through these assessments.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Propranolol for Facial Flushing and Erythema of Rosacea Compare to Doxycycline, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Karim Kazhwast , Al-Ethawi Ali
Published: March 2024

Background: Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema and flushing, where topical medications are challenging to control and treat.

 

Objectives: To investigate the effect of systemic propranolol/doxycycline in treating facial flushing and erythema in patients with rosacea.

 

Patients and Methods: This randomized control trial study was conducted on 51 patients with rosacea referred to the Sulaimani Dermatology Teaching Center, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq, from October 2021 to August 2022. Among the studied patients, 31 patients were taking oral propranolol, 28 of them did finish the course, while 20 patients were treated with oral doxycycline, 18 of them finished the treatment. Patients have been seen in 5 sessions (12-week treatments), and in each session, the patient's health status, the recovery process of the disease and vital signs have been checked and recorded.

 

Results: The mean age of patients age was 46.65±10.38 years. Most patients were females (65.2%), did not take any drugs (78.4%), did not have a history of illness in the family (82.6%), had skin type 2, and had flushing distribution in the forehead, nose, cheek, and chin. The most common symptom in patients was a burning sensation, followed by a burning and tingling sensation. The most common sign in both groups was erythema. Propranolol positively affected clinical erythema assessment, area, telangiectasia, total erythema score, systolic/diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. Thus, in 5 visits, erythema was significantly reduced in the propranolol group compared to the doxycycline group (p≤0.002). So that after the 5 visits the CAT score was shown that erythema was significantly reduced in the propranolol group compared to the doxycycline group (p≤0.001).

 

Conclusions: Propranolol was more effective than doxycycline in the treatment of rosacea’s flushing and erythema.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Characterization and Management of Uterine Leiomyoma
Authors: Mahmood Surala , Mahmood Kawa , Muhamad Nyan
Published: March 2024

Background: The most frequent benign disease affecting women of reproductive age is uterine leiomyoma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the current state of art imaging modality for localization and characterization.

 

Objective: To determine the relevance of MRI in the Characterization and management of leiomyoma and to analyze clinical practice advantages of MRI findings.

 

Patients and Methods: This study included 50 individuals with uterine fibroids detected By trans-abdominal or trans-vaginal US. MRI was done to confirm, characterize and pinpoint their exact location and any abnormal characterization.

 

Results: There was a significant (p≤0.05) association between the impression of fibroid (non-degenerated, degenerated leiomyoma), post-gadolinium enhancement of fibroid and histopathological findings. There was no significant relationship between MRI (T1-weighted image) results, and MRI (T2-weighted image), their histological findings, and management.

 

Conclusions: leiomyomas can provide a standard signal during MR imaging, but larger tumour may display a variety of degeneration patterns that significantly alter the look of the lesion. MRI provide better fibroid characterization, helps differentiate degenerated from non-degenerated leiomyoma and guides in choosing safe and better management procedure.
EXACT TRAVELING WAVE SOLUTIONS FOR THE NON-LINEAR COUPLE DRINFEL’D-SOKOLOV-WILSON (DSW) DYNAMICAL SYSTEM USING EXTENDED JACOBI ELLIPTIC FUNCTION EXPANSION METHOD
Authors: Çelik Nisa
Published: March 2024

The study of water waves is significant for researchers working in many branches of science. The behaviour of waves can be studied by observation or experimental means, but theoretically, mathematical modeling provides solutions to many problems in physics and engineering. Progress in this field is inevitable, with those who work in mathematics, physics, and engineering putting forth interdisciplinary studies.

Jacobi elliptic functions are valuable mathematical tools that can be applied to various aspects of mathematics, physics, and ocean engineering. In this study, traveling wave solutions of the general Drinfel'd-Sokolov-Wilson (DSW) system, introduced as a model of water waves, were obtained by using Jacobi elliptic functions and the wave dynamics were examined. The extended Jacobi elliptic function expansion method is an effective method for generating periodic solutions. It has been observed that the periodic solutions obtained by using Jacobi elliptic function expansions containing different Jacobi elliptic functions may be different and some new periodic solutions can be obtained. 3D simulations were made using MapleTM to see the behaviour of the solutions obtained for different appropriate values of the parameters. 2D simulations are presented for easy observation of wave motion. In addition, we transformed the one of the exact solutions found by the extended Jacobi elliptic function expansion method into the new solution under the symmetry transformation.
Marketing Strategy and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Koubaa El Euch Hasna , Ben Said Foued
Published: March 2024

The marketing literature highlights the growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into marketing strategies. Several publications show that this field is attracting increasing interest from researchers. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of academic publications related to AI and marketing strategies, while also examining the lack of bibliometric analysis in this area. In this study, 1100 articles, published in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, were selected and, according to a consistent search procedure, were examined. A performance analysis, based on bibliometric indicators, revealed the most impactful journals, the most indexed authors according to H-index and the most cited papers. The thematic factorial map highlighted the typology of AI tools used in the field of strategic marketing, in this case the marketing strategy. It also provides a discussion, potential research avenues and recommendations for future investigations.
Charles Todd and the Overland Telegraph Line
Authors: Holmes Jim
Published: March 2024

Adam Courtenay, an Australian author and journalist completed Mr Todd’s Marvel: How one man telegraphed Australia to the modern world, a recent book on Charles Todd and the Overland Telegraph Line (OTL), in time for it to be published around the 150th anniversary of the completion of the historic project. Although the book concentrates on the immense task and challenges of building the OTL from Port Augusta to Palmerston (now called Darwin), it does provide a focus on the people that participated and, especially, on the special role of Charles Todd. This book review concludes that the book is a useful introduction to the subject, with occasional inclusions of information that might not be well known, and permits the reader easy access to the subject through its narrative style and generous spread of illustrations.
However, the book does have limitations. It lacks an index and citations detailed enough to be followed up. For the reader who might wish to pursue particular issues or events, these limitations are frustrating indeed. Overall, it is for the general reader, rather than for those seeking to gain an even deeper understanding of the times, the project, and the major participants and their motivations.
Thermodynamic Description of Liquid Crystalline N(p-n-Alkyloxybenzyliden)-p’-Toluidines with Organic Solvents
Authors: Gurevich Kseniya B. , Pestov Sergei M.
Published: March 2024

Solubility polytherms of nematic (smectic-nematic) N(p-n-alkyloxybenzyliden)-p’-toluidenes (n-alkyl = C4H9, C9H19, C10H21) in organic solvents have been studied. Thermal analysis, visual-polythermal and solubility methods were used. The solution enthalpies of these mesogens in 8 solvents (n-hexane, n-heptane, benzene, p-xylene, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethanol, n-propanol) were determined. To calculate the solubility polytherms, thermodynamic methods based on the Hildebrand solubility parameters were used. The advantage of the proposed calculation method is that it requires a minimum of experimental parameters (fusion enthalpy and melting temperature of pure mesogen) and the data obtained from the structural formula (group contribution increments) of a mesogen to evaluate its solubility polytherms.
Formulation and Evaluation of Formalin Washer Fluid Preparation from Garlic Peel Waste (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Burhan Amelia Handayani , Irianto Iramie Duma Kencana , Azizah Shyella , Puji Rian
Published: March 2024

Until 2022, there will still be many salted anchovies that contain formalin. This potential danger can be reduced by reducing the levels of formalin that may be contained in salted anchovies before consumption, one of which is by utilizing the saponin content in garlic peel waste. Garlic peel waste powder is proven to be able to reduce formalin levels in salted anchovies by up to 89.12%. However, the use of powder is less practical, and in a certain period, the powder can rot and emit an unpleasant odor. Therefore, an innovation is needed to transform the powder form into a formalin washer fluid. This study aims to determine the effect of garlic peel extract variation on several parameters evaluating the physical properties of formalin washing liquid. The extraction of garlic peel was done using the maceration method and a 70% ethanol solvent. Washing liquids were prepared using glycerin, PEG400, EDTA, and distilled water with varying extract concentrations. Evaluation of physical properties included organoleptic, pH value, specific gravity, viscosity, clarity, and physical stability of formalin washer fluid. The stability test of the physical properties of the sample liquid was carried out using the cycling test method. The samples were kept in storage conditions with extreme temperatures for 3 cycles. In each cycle, the test preparation was stored for 24 hours at 4±2oC and 24 hours at 40±2oC. The formalin washer fluid produced was in the form of a liquid with a weak to pungent garlic aroma, yellow to dark brown in color, homogeneous, clear, and had a pH value of 4. The more extract is used in the formalin washer fluid, the darker the color and the more pungent the garlic aroma will be. Increasing the concentration of garlic peel extract does not affect the pH and clarity of the preparation. The higher the concentration of extract is, the higher the specific gravity and viscosity will be. The selected formula is the formula with a 1% concentration of garlic peel extract.
Assessing the use habits and efficacy of intracavernosal alprostadil: is it tolerable and sustainable?
Authors: Sönmez Mehmet G. , Erol Eren , Ö. Sönmez Leyla , Aydın Arif
Published: March 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intracavernosal alprostadil treatment for erectile dysfunction and the evaluation of factors such as ease of drug use, duration of use, and difficulties in habituation.
Methods: The data of 40 patients who were treated for erectile dysfunction, had inadequate response from first-line treatment modalities, received intracavernosal alprostadil in second-line treatment and continued treatment for more than 12 weeks without interruption were analyzed. Sexual function status was evaluated by 15-question international ındex of erectile function (IIEF-15) form and degree of erection (1-10 points). In addition, duration of use, self-administered dose, reasons for difficulty, and reasons for treatment interruption were investigated.
Results: The mean duration of use was 21.38 months. Patients switched to self-administration after an average minimum dose of 2.23 doses. After 12 weeks, 50% of the patients discontinued self-administration, 10% because of difficulty in administration, 55% because of inadequate erection response, 25% because of time, and 10% because of additional health problems. IIEF-15 parameters and the degree of erection were found to improve significantly after administration (p<0.05 for all parameters).
Conclusions: Intracavernosal alprostadil provides significant improvement in sexual function, but since it is an invasive application, patients have difficulty in getting used to it, self-administration is started after a minimum of 2 doses, and the reason for discontinuation is mostly due to inadequate erectile response.
Extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cysts as primary lesions
Authors: V. Patel Hepi , P. Vasavada Dharmesh
Published: March 2024

Background: Hydatid cyst disease, caused by the larval stage of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, commonly affects the liver and lungs but can also manifest in various extrahepatic and extrapulmonary locations. Splenic hydatid disease, despite being rare, is the third most common location. This paper presents a case series highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for patients with extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cysts. Several studies already postulated on sites of hydatid cysts which have statistically significant results.
Methods: Patients who were operated on for hydatid disease or cystic lesions, which were later diagnosed as hydatid disease, between September 2022-August 2023 were retrieved retrospectively. Patients with lesions localized outside the liver and the lung as well as in liver and lung were enrolled in the study. Fifty-Two patients with extra-hepatic primary hydatid disease were treated surgically at our clinic. The cysts were located in different part of body. Results has undergone statistical methods like Z-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Any patient of any gender admitted with diagnosis of hydatid cyst in any part of body with age >18 but less than 70 years irrespective of any comorbidities.
Results: Surgical techniques like partial or total cystectomy with or without tube drainage are good option for management of extrahepatic and extrapulmonary primary hydatid cysts. There were no complications or mortality in the postoperative period. Hydatid cyst is considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions, especially in endemic areas. Surgical technique planned according to the location of the cyst.
Conclusions: Cystectomy is a surgical option in extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cyst which is evaluate better in this study.
Caesarean section scar pregnancy: a case series
Authors: Ying An Tan , Nagandla Kavitha , Kumar Krishna , Daniel Akshatha
Published: March 2024

Cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy but potentially life threatening. The incidence of this ectopic pregnancy continues to rise due to global increase in cesarean sections rates as well as the diagnosis with wide use of transvaginal ultrasound. Delay or wrong diagnosis may result to uterine rupture and life-threatening bleeding with potential maternal morbidity and mortality.  Endo-vaginal ultrasound has a reported sensitivity of 85-90% for detection. In difficult cases, magnetic resonance imaging is often useful as second line imaging. Treatment may be ranging from conservative to medical therapy or surgery. We present a series of three illustrative cases successfully managed with medical management and sequential treatment of medical and surgical management. We discuss diagnostic challenges and review of literature on updates on management strategies.
Small bowel obstruction caused by transmesosigmoid internal hernia
Authors: Ghaith Ata M. , Al-Sakarneh Ahmad A. , Al-Sakarnh Mohammad I. , Ghaith Osama M.
Published: March 2024

Internal hernia is an uncommon occurrence contributing to intestinal obstruction, posing diagnostic challenges. Among the infrequent manifestations, one noteworthy type is associated with the sigmoid colon, categorized into three subtypes: inter-sigmoid, trans-mesosigmoid, and intra-mesosigmoid. We present a case of a 48-year-old female who presented with small bowel obstruction as an emergency. CT showed intestinal obstruction with translational point at mid jejunum without any mass identified. At laparotomy we identified an internal hernia in the sigmoid mesocolon with full thickness mesentery defect (transmesosigmoid), bowel was viable and reduced where the defected was closed. Early identification of internal hernia and early management prevent mortality and morbidity; sigmoid related hernia is rear type of internal hernia. Most internal hernia diagnosed during laparotomy searching for case of acute intestinal obstruction.
Spontaneous superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm: a rare case report
Authors: R. Naveenraj , Patel Bhavin , Patel Hiten , Tiwari Ajay
Published: March 2024

Spontaneous femoral artery pseudoaneurysm (PSA) is a rare disease and there are few reported cases. We report a case of a 45 year-old male with painless, non-pulsatile swelling in the medial aspect of left lower thigh, which is gradually increasing in size for a period of 2 months. He had no history of trauma or surgery. CT Angiography confirmed a large pseudoaneurysm of the left distal superficial femoral artery (SFA). Then patient had sudden rupture of the pseudoaneurysm and it was treated surgically by ligation of SFA proximal and distal to pseudoaneurysm with excision of large surrounding hematoma.
A comprehensive case study of cholecystectomy in a patient with a gallbladder laden with 442 stones
Authors: Kedari Prashant , Joshi Milind , Kapoor Vaibhav , Khurana Sushant
Published: March 2024

Cholelithiasis (gallstones), crystalline formations in the gallbladder, presents a common yet intricate medical concern. These stones can vary in size and composition, ranging from cholesterol to pigment-based stones. Treatment often involves surgical intervention, with laparoscopic procedures being a minimally invasive and effective option. However, complications arise when multiple stones are present, leading to heightened inflammation and recurrent symptoms. In this study, we present a case of a 34-year-old, male who came with complaints of abdominal pain and bloating, intermittent nausea, vomiting, and jaundice for more than 5 days. He was diagnosed with multiple calculi in the gallbladder (acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis) based on ultrasonography. Since the patient had jaundice, he was suggested to get a magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) to rule out any pathoanatomy. He received treatment by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and showed improvement within 5 days of surgery.
An innovative dental technique to manage wide & Flared root canals using an anatomical intra-radicular retainer
Authors: Katkade Akanksha S , Rajguru Vilas L , Mahale Kishor M , Khalikar Smita A , Mahajan Sonali V , Tandale Ulhas
Published: March 2024

Post and core treatment plays a crucial role in restoring severely compromised tooth structure following endodontic therapy to enhance structural durability. Managing flared and wide root canals presents a challenge for clinicians. This clinical case report introduces an innovative indirect technique for fabricating an anatomic post using glass-fiber posts and composite resin on a central incisor. The customized anatomic post not only addresses the limitations associated with direct techniques but also contributes to regaining lost structure within the canal, providing enhanced strength and stability to the tooth. The step-by-step methodology and clinical outcomes presented in this report shed light on a promising approach for managing challenging cases in restorative dentistry.
Model checking programs in process-oriented IEC 61131-3 Structured Text
Authors: Garanina Natalia O. , Staroletov Sergey M. , Zyubin Vladimir E. , Anureev Igor S.
Published: March 2024

The process-oriented programming is a paradigm based on the process concept where each process is a concurrent finite state machine inside. The paradigm is intended for PLC (programmable logic controllers) developers to write Industry 4.0-enabled software. The poST language is a promising process-oriented extension of the IEC 61131-3 Structured Text (ST) language designed to provide a conceptual consistency of the PLC source code with technological description of the process under control. This language combines the advantages of FSM-based programming with the standard syntax of the ST language. We propose transformational semantics of poST providing rules for translation of poST language statements to Promela — the input language of the SPIN model checker. Following these semantic rules, our Xtext-based translator outputs a Promela model for the poST program. Our contribution is the poST transformational semantics and the method for automatic generation of the Promela code from poST control programs. The resulting Promela program is ready to be verified with SPIN model checker against linear temporal logic requirements to the source poST program. In the paper we provide an overview of related work, as well as a brief description of the poST and Promela languages. Further, the Promela poST translation rules cover control flow statements, process creation and state management constructs, and timeout management. Then we define service processes for modeling the external environment and managing high-level LTL specifications. Then we present the main ideas of implementing the translator poST to Promela. We also illustrate our approach using the example of a system for managing electricity consumption and production, including renewable sources.
On the application of the calculus of positively constructed formulas for the study of controlled discrete-event systems
Authors: Davydov Artem , Larionov Aleksandr A. , Nagul Nadezhda V.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the development of an approach to solving the main problems of the theory of supervisory control of logical discrete-event systems (DES), based on their representation in the form of positively constructed formulas (PCF). We consider logical DESs in automata form, understood as generators of some regular languages. The PCF language is a complete first-order language, the formulas of which have a regular structure of alternating type quantifiers and do not contain a negation operator in the syntax. It was previously proven that any formula of the classical first-order predicate calculus can be represented as a PCF. PCFs have a visual tree representation and a natural question-and-answer procedure for searching for an inference using a single inference rule. It is shown how the PCF calculus, developed in the 1990s to solve some problems of control of dynamic systems, makes it possible to solve basic problems of the theory of supervisory control, such as checking the criteria for the existence of supervisory control, automatically modifying restrictions on the behavior of the controlled system, and implementing a supervisor. Due to some features of the PCF calculus, it is possible to use a non-monotonic inference. It is demonstrated how the presented PCF-based method allows for additional event processing during inference. The Bootfrost software system, or the so-called prover, designed to refute the obtained PCFs is also presented, and the features of its implementation are briefly described. As an illustrative example, we consider the problem of controlling an autonomous mobile robot.