bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conocimientos y actitudes sobre enfermedad periodontal en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad del Pacífico, Paraguay
Authors: Díaz Reissner Clarisse Virginia , Ferreira Gaona Marta Inés , Pérez Bejarano Nohelia María , Agüero-Torres Micaela Alejandra , Bogado-Castillo María Verónica , Cabañas-Cheblis Cielito María , Lombardo-Almirón María Eugenia , Ozuna-Duarte Romina , Princigalli-Fretes Kimberly Antonella , Cueto-González Natalia Cristina , Urquhart-Barreto David Alessandro
Published: December 2017

Introducción: La enfermedad periodontal (EP) desencadena pérdida de soporte dentario. El conocimiento es indispensable para desarrollar una correcta planificación y control de la atención. El médico debe conocer aspectos de la patologia y remitir al paciente al odontólogo. Objetivo: Evaluar conocimientos y actitudes sobre EP en estudiantes de Medicina matriculados en la Universidad del Pacífico (sede Asunción), Paraguay-20I5. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo con encuesta sobre conocimientos y actitudes ante EP y hábitos de higiene bucal. Se evaluaron aspectos como: factor responsable, signo indicativo, medida efectiva de prevención y control y relación con diabetes y tabaquismo. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 133 estudiantes; 68,5% menores de 20 años. El 97,2% reconoció la placa microbiana como factor causal, 80,3% al cepillado como medida efectiva de control y 60,6% al sangrado gingival como signo patognomónico. El 60,6% mencionó relación con diabetes y 92,4% con tabaquismo. El 93,6% mencionó la afectación social por causa de la enfermedad y 85,5% vio la relevancia de la patología en la salud. En cuanto a la actitud; 88,7% reconoció la necesidad de participación del médico en la prevención y 97,4% que debe conocer el problema, aunque sólo 80,9% concordó con el examen bucal por parte del médico. Conclusión: En la población de estudio se observó un buen nivel de conocimiento. Las actitudes resultaron adecuadas, pero se recomienda incentivar la práctica de acciones preventivas, iniciando con un examen, desde el grado con la finalidad de promover una corresponsabilidad en la prevención de patologías bucales en conjunción con el odontólogo.
Estados depresivos y consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de secundaria en Ciudad del Carmen Campeche, México
Authors: Telumbre Terrero Juan Yovani , López Cisneros Manuel Antonio , Esparza Almanza Santiaga Enriqueta , Facundo Francisco Rafael Guzmán
Published: December 2017

Introduction: La adolescencia es una etapa donde se busca la identidad personal y cada adolescente experimenta de diversa manera este período de la vida lo cual le permite obtener madurez física, emocional y cognitiva. Objetivo: Determinar la relación de los estados depresivos y el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de educación secundaria de Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México. Métodos: Estudio de tipo descriptivo correlacional, realizado en 327 adolescentes de secundaria. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una cédula de datos personales y de consumo de alcohol y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck.  La captura y análisis de los datos se realizó el paquete estadístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versión 23,0, mediante el uso de estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: El 53,5 % de los adolescentes han consumido alcohol alguna vez en la vida, 33.9% en el último año, 20,5% en el último mes y el 10,1% en la última semana. 13,4% de los adolescentes presentan depresión leve, 11% depresión moderada y el 8,3% depresión severa.  Existe una relación positiva y significativa de los estados depresivos y la cantidad de bebidas alcohólicas consumidas por los adolescentes en un día típico (rs=,163, p=,003). Conclusión: El fenómeno de las adicciones representa un área de oportunidad para los profesionales de salud en la educación y promoción de la salud y la prevención de la enfermedad en los diversos niveles de atención a la salud.
Comparación de Cefalexina 500mg nacional e importada en Paraguay
Authors: Cáceres Villalba María Paz , Fretes Lopez Sonia Lorena
Published: December 2017

Introduction: La Cefalexina es un antibiótico cefalosporínico de amplio espectro y de bajo riesgo sanitario debido a su amplia ventana terapéutica. Los estudios de disolución in vitro se han convertido en algo crucial para garantizar la calidad de las formas farmacéuticas sólidas de uso oral, y permitir la optimización de las mismas. Objetivo: Comparar los perfiles de disolución de especialidades farmacéuticas nacionales conteniendo Cefalexina 500 mg con una importada. Materiales y método: Observacional analítico de corte transverso. Se realizó el control de calidad de las muestras nacionales e importado basados  en los ensayos fisicoquímicos establecidos en la USP37. Las determinaciones se realizaron por HPLC y espectrofotometría UV/V. Resultados: Se obtuvieron con los ensayos fisicoquímicos, que las muestras se encontraban dentro de los límites establecidos en la monografía oficial. Comparando los perfiles de disolución de  Cefalexina, mostraron que  presentaban comportamientos de disolución similares en el medio establecido por la USP37 para el ensayo de disolución. Discusión: Esto permitiría un intercambio entre formulaciones basadas en su similar comportamiento de disolución, dando al paciente la posibilidad de optar,  por marcas de un menor costo, pudiendo mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento y contribuyendo a disminuir algunos de los problemas relacionados al uso inadecuado de antibióticos como la resistencia bacteriana. Conclusión: Actualmente no se cuentan con estudios de perfiles de disolución de productos paraguayos conteniendo Cefalexina, siendo este trabajo, una referencia para ampliar con otros estudios,  evaluar el comportamiento de marcas nacionales , además  de una proyección de estudios biofarmacéuticos de  antibióticos a nivel nacional.
Osteosíntesis con alambre para tratamiento de emergencia de fracturas mandibulares: Un reporte de tres casos
Authors: Oré Acevedo Juan Francisco , Castillo Chávez Katerin Carmen
Published: December 2017

Introducción: Actualmente el tratamiento estándar a nivel mundial de las fracturas del macizo facial es la osteosíntesis con placas y tornillos de titanio. Dejando de lado técnicas denominadas obsoletas como la utilización de  alambre quirúrgico para osteosíntesis de las fracturas faciales. Pero es necesario tener presente la posibilidad del uso de alambre para tratamiento de casos en emergencia, y en los cuales no contamos inmediatamente con insumos estériles requeridos como placas y tornillos. Objetivos: Describir que la osteosíntesis con alambre quirúrgico como tratamiento quirúrgico de las fracturas mandibulares, aún es una medida aceptable en caso de no tener disponibilidad de placas y tornillos. Técnica que no debe dejarse de lado en la formación de especialistas. Descripción: Se presentan tres casos de fracturas mandibulares intervenidas en la emergencia, utilizando como osteosíntesis alambre quirúrgico. Dos casos fueron lesiones por arma de fuego y la restante un accidente recreacional. Los cuales requirieron tratamiento inmediato debido a la magnitud del daño, exposición ósea y persistencia de sangrado activo. Conclusiones: El uso de alambre quirúrgico para el tratamiento de fracturas mandibulares no debe dejarse de lado y es una alternativa viable en ocasiones en las cuales no se cuenta con placas y tornillos de titanio, tanto por motivo económico o disponibilidad inmediata. El resultado quirúrgico es estable, permite restablecer parcialmente la anatomía mandibular así como su función para una reconstrucción posterior.
Managing Economic Recession through Effective Tax Collection: The Nigerian Experience
Authors: Gbegi D. O. , Adebisi J. F. , Tosin Bodunde
Published: December 2017

Economic recession has eaten deep into the economy to the extent that taxes generated cannot serve as a pivot upon which the economy could strive. This study examines how economic recession can be managed through effective tax collection. Secondary data was obtained from the CBN statistical bulletin between periods of 2003 to 2016. Regression technique was used in testing the data collected with the aid of E-VIEWS. The study revealed that taxes do not have significant positive effect on the nation’s Gross Domestic Product, Government Spending, Capacity Utilization and Money Supply. Thus, it implies that taxes in Nigeria are rather unfortunately underexploited, which is an indication of poor tax collection system. This study therefore concludes that, tax should be considered as the urgent and needful panacea to rescue the current economic illness that Nigeria is currently facing. This should be done by ensuring that relevant tax authorities have good tax collection system like effective tax data base, effective E-tax registration, effective E-tax payment and all tax payers should have tax identification number.
LEGISLASI QANUN JINAYAT ACEH DALAM SISTEM HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Amsori Amsori , Jailani Jailani
Published: December 2017

This research moved from the process and formulation mekanism of Jinayat Law into Positive Law in Aceh in Indonesia's legal system is influenced by a variety of legal systems and ideologies that developed there in. The object of this study is the Aceh Qanun No. 6 of 2014 on the law Jinayat that the legislative process takes place during two periods of provincial parliament. This study is qualitative, by combining the research literature (library reseacrh) with field research (field reseacrh). The approach used consisted of approach law (statute approach), normative-empirical approach and conceptual approaches. Type of research data in the form of descriptive analysis. The results showed the legal legislation jinayat Aceh is gradually taking into account the socio-cultural conditions of the community in accepting the substance of the law jinayah, adaptive law enforcement and crime rates are dominant in society. Parties involved in the formulation of the substance Raqan jinayah Aceh, among others: Ulama Consultative Assembly (MPU), law enforcement agencies (Syari'yyah Court, the Prosecutor, the Police and the WH) as well as the public through non-governmental organizations. The Aceh Government also involves the Expert Team Expert Team Executive and Legislature in the substance of the discussion on the draft jinayah. The dynamics of thought that emerged in the formulation of the substance of the criminal law (Jinayah) should be sought common ground in order Raqan jinayah be passed along between the legislative and the executive.
THE CONCEPT OF LIFELONG EDUCATION IN ISLAM
Authors: Hasan Mawardi
Published: December 2017

Lifelong education is a concept of continuous learning from the cradle to the end of life, in line with the phases (stages) of human development. Education is a process that contains the spirit to bring hope to learners. Because humans have desires to do well and be advanced in various aspects of life, a practical level of education is really needed due to the fact that education is the most effective process for humans to meet those needs. Islam as the most perfect religion has the doctrine that human life takes place in two dimensions: the dimension of the world and the dimension of the hereafter. From such a vast scope of life, Islam offers an unlimited education which is practical and applicable.
THE JOURNEY OF ISRA' AND MI'RAJ IN QURAN AND SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Rahmati Rahmati
Published: December 2017

Isra Mi'raj raises many riddles from the scholars and scientists. It also raises many doubts among Muslims about the validity. Based on that journey, many questions arise whether the physical and the spirit of Muhammad as a whole or just soul which is tripped by God. The speed of light which is expressed as the highest speed in science is not enough to make that far trip in a short time. This paper discuss about the information that leads to the new indication, even though the truth cannot be ascertained. This paper used the zero Celvin theory to interpret Surah Al-Isra verse 1.
WAWASAN AL QURAN TENTANG PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI
Authors: Bahri Samsul
Published: December 2017

Korupsi merupakan salah satu tantangan terberat bagi pembangunan di sebuah negara. Kemakmuran rakyat akan sangat sulit tercapai apabila di wilayah tersebut terjadi korupsi. Semakin tinggi tingkat kuantitas dan kualitas praktek korupsi, semakin mempersulit pencapaian kemakmuran rakyat. Dari sisi lain, korupsi tergolong sebagai kejahatan yang luar biasa, dan oleh karenanya pemberantasannya pun harus dilakukan dengan cara luar biasa pula. Pemberantasan secara luar biasa antara lain berupa pengerahan segenap potensi dan pemanfaatan segala instrumen yang ada dalam masyarakat. Salah satu di antaranya adalah pemanfaatan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang berkenaan dengan pemberantasan korupsi. Pemanfaatan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an untuk keperluan pemberantasan korupsi tidak dapat dilakukan secara serampangan, tetapi harus melalui kategorisasi dan interpretasi yang memadai. Dari sana akan diketahui bahwa al-Qur’an mempunyai wawasan tersendiri mengenai pemberantasan korupsi yang spesifik.
DIFFERENCES OF ATTACHMENT STYLES TO FATHERS BETWEEN EARLY ADOLESCENT MALE AND FEMALE
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: December 2017

Many opinions state that girls have a tendency to be closer to their fathers than boys. This is because fathers usually reveal soft attitude and a kind way of talking toward his daughter. In addition, fathers also succumb to the demands of his daughter. Conversely, with his son, fathers are usually much more 'rough and tough'. So, girls feels more secure to their fathers than boys. The objective of this study was to determine the differences of attachment style to fathers between early adolescent male and female in seventh grade classes of Junior High School 19 Banda Aceh. The number of samples taken were 60 students. A rating scale was used for collecting data, namely Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). The result obtained from the T-Tests showed there was no significant differences of attachment style to fathers between early adolescents male and female in seventh grade classes of Junior High School 19 Banda Aceh. However, early adolescents prefer to have close attachment style with their fathers.
RULE OF REASON AND PER SE ILLEGAL APPROACHES IN ENFORCING THE BUSINESS COMPETITION LAW
Authors: Ahmad Sufmi Dasco
Published: December 2017

Abstract

This article aimed to find out and to give solution to the application of rule of reason and per se illegal approaches in solving the case of monopoly infringement and unfair  business competition. This study was a doctrinal research with evaluative research form. The analysis used was deductive logic one. Per se illegal approach used by KPPU in making decision was based on deliberation and focused more on business behavior than on market situation. This rule of reason approach was an approach constructed based on an assumption that the high sale concentration in the presence of certain agreement between some business performers tend to result in substantial economic efficiency. Essentially, this rule of reason approach considered its economic benefit more than imposed restriction (prohibition). Standard rule of reason allows for the consideration of competitive factors and the determination of the feasibility of trading constraint. The recommendation of research was that: The use per se illegal and/or rule of reason in KPPU’s verdict should build on the objective of the development of Law No.5 of 1999, particularly the provision of Article 3, thereby can realize conducive business climate in the certainty of equal business opportunity for large, medium, and small scale employers, and the achievement of effective and efficient business activity. The application of per se illegal or rule of reason approaches in KPPU’s verdict was possible through the use of two approaches all at once, recalling very extreme difference of per se illegal and the rule of reason, and furthermore, most KPPU’s decision put its position between the two perspectives.
Keywords : Per Se Illegal, the Rule of Reason, Monopoly, Unfair Business Competition
LAW ENFORCEMENT TO OFFENDERS’ RIGHTS BASED ON CONTEMPT OF COURT
Authors: Subarkah Ibnu
Published: December 2017

In legal field, especially related to judicial field of judiciary, efforts to reform criminal law to and to overcome justice and certainty are done incessantly which means that law enforcement efforts need to be effected. Some situations and conditions may reduce judicial image if the law enforcement is lacking or not being noticed at all. The existence of cases through legal, research, academic thinking, as well as opinion of legal practitioners have varied the existence of judiciary images. Therefore, this research is specifically aimed to know, describe, and at the same time analyze the rights of defendants (offenders of rights) based on contempt of court.

The method used in this study is qualitative research prioritizing quality and primary and secondary data types. The primary data are taken empirically from the field and the secondary data are taken from literature study, documentation, determination of respondents by purposive sampling in which the interviewee is a judge.

The results show that, in practice, the rights of defendants are protected in accordance to the applicable provisions as well as the contempt of court issue. Due to the subjective perception of community in the course of trial, it is essentially needed to immediately draw up the Contempt of Court Law.

Keywords: Law Enforcement, Offenders’ Rights, Contempt of Court, Penal Reform
REVIEWING A NOTARY ETHICS BASED ON ETHICAL CODE AS A NOTARY PROFESSION
Authors: Zakariya Hafid , Sari Yuni Purnama , Prabandari Desty , Budiatmaja Widha Rahmawati
Published: December 2017

This paper aimed to find out the responsibilities and sanctions of a notary when a notary violates the existing ethics code.The various rules in the notary profession code of ethics will be attributed to the notary's behavior, so that in carrying out the duties there is a responsibility that must be enforced and  If it contradicts with the ethics code,it will get sanction in accordance with the enactment of the Notary’s Office Law. Because the role of notary in society is important to determine the land deed in Indonesia, we need to understand how the notary in enforcing their ethics as notary profession. The Notary is expected to be neutral, so if placed in one of the three state agencies Judiciary, Executive, and Legislative, the Notary is no longer considered neutral. With the neutral position, notary is expected to provide legal counseling for a legal action by a notaryat the request of client. In the case of taking legal action for client, the notary also may not take side the client, because the duty of a notary is to prevent the occurrence of problems
COMPARATION OF WAREHOUSE RECEIPT, PAWN AND FIDUCIARY IN THE SECURITY LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hariyani Iswi
Published: December 2017

Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) has been used in Indonesia as an instruments of trade and finance to agribusiness commodities since the enactment of Law UU 9/2006 and PBI 9/2007. Bank Indonesia Regulation No 9 of 2007, Article 46 letter f, allows the use of Warehouse Receipt as a credit collateral. Implementation of Warehouse Receipt System is expected to help farmers, planters, fishermen who have often had difficulty costs at harvest time. As securities, Warehouse Receipt can also be used as an investment instrument in the commodity market. This research aims to find answers of three main problem. First, to examine legal position of Warehouse Receipt in Security Law perspective. Second, to examine differences and similarities of Warehouse Receipt collateral to the Pawn guarantees. Third, to examine differences and similarities between Warehouse Receipt collateral with Fiduciary guarantees. Key word : security law, warehouse receipt, pawn, fiduciary
Policiais Militares do Estado do RS: Relação entre Satisfação no Trabalho e Estresse Ocupacional
Authors: Almeida Damiana Machado de , LOPES Luis Felipe Dias , COSTA Vânia Medianeira Flores , Santos Rita de Cássia Trindade dos
Published: December 2017

Objetiva-se analisar as relações entre satisfação no trabalho e estresse ocupacional na perspectiva dos policiais militares do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo survey, com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram 519 policiais militares de 97 cidades do Rio Grande do Sul. Aplicou-se a Escala de Satisfação no Trabalho (SIQUEIRA, 2008) e a Escala de Estresse no Trabalho (PASCHOAL e TAMAYO, 2004). Identificou-se correlação negativa e estatisticamente significante entre o estresse ocupacional e a satisfação no trabalho e suas dimensões, classificando tais relações como moderadas e negativas, isto demonstra que quanto maior o estresse ocupacional, menor a satisfação no trabalho, e vice-versa. Houve associação entre a satisfação baixa e o estresse alto, e da mesma forma, houve associação entre satisfação média e estresse médio. Assim, demonstrou-se relação entre a satisfação no trabalho e o estresse ocupacional, influenciando-se inversamente.
A heterogeneidade da mortalidade da população brasileira e aspectos distributivos na previdência social: uma análise atuarial da proposta de idade mínima de aposentadoria
Authors: Souza Filipe Costa de
Published: December 2017

Com o objetivo de reformar o sistema previdenciário brasileiro, o Governo Federal enviou para a Câmara dos Deputados a Proposta de Emenda à Constituição nº 287/2016, a qual, dentre outras medidas, propõe instituir uma idade mínima progressiva de aposentadoria. Este trabalho avaliou os aspectos distributivos que esta medida pode gerar aos contribuintes, a partir do cálculo das alíquotas atuarialmente justas frente à heterogeneidade da mortalidade da população brasileira. Como principal resultado, constatou-se que haverá uma redistribuição negativa, em que os indivíduos com menor expectativa de vida, que ingressaram no mercado de trabalho mais jovens e que têm baixo crescimento salarial irão financiar as pensões daqueles mais longevos, que ingressaram no mercado de trabalho mais velhos e com maior perspectiva de crescimento salarial.
The motor learning approach and strategies in the treatment of children’s articulation disorders
Authors: Kairienė Daiva
Published: December 2017

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the concept based on a motor learning approach as well as the possibilities for the application of this approach in speech and language therapy in the treatment of children’s articulation disorders. Motor learning principles have been emphasised as essential elements in speech and language therapy. They explain the importance of speech and language therapy services which are flexible and focused on individual cases. 

An analysis of theoretical sources focuses on the strategies of speech and language therapy based on the motor learning approach. These therapies differ between non-speech or speech levels. The aims of the application of these strategies and their theoretical presumptions of efficacy reveals the need for changes in the practice of speech and language therapists. An analysis of theoretical sources reveals that speech-based strategies of therapy are more efficient in learning correct sound pronunciation and promoting the intelligible speech of children. The application of non-speech oral motor therapy is purposeful in teaching non-speech movements of the articulatory system. When coping with children’s articulation disorders, it is necessary to differentiate strategies of motor learning with regard to the origin and level of a particular disorder.
Attitudes towards implementation of the rights of children as formed by the media
Authors: Dudaitė Jolita , Kairienė Brigita
Published: December 2017

The article analyses the societal attitudes towards the rights of children and their implementation as formed by the media. The media has the possibility to reach a wide audience of readers. It serves as an important tool in encouraging the sensitivity of all society and those responsible for the protection of children’s rights policy. The aim of the research is to identify the implementation of children’s rights as affected by the media and to highlight those which are lacking. Attention is drawn to the implementation of the child’s rights in general, as well as those of the rights of children having special needs
O diálogo entre saúde e política externa brasileira nos governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010)
Authors: Barboza Tayná Marques Torres , Pinheiro Letícia , Pires-Alves Fernando
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo busca verificar a instrumentalidade do tema da saúde para a participação ativa e propositiva do Brasil na política internacional entre 1995 e 2010. O tema provocava discussões complexas, constantes e marcantes em diversos fóruns globais nesse período, quando os governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva buscavam uma atuação internacional relevante e influente. Seus governos divergiam sobre as responsabilidades e oportunidades do Brasil no sistema internacional, mas compartilhavam o objetivo de assumir posição de influência na política internacional. Na busca estratégica por credibilidade, no período FHC, e por autonomia, no período Lula da Silva, o país assumia uma espécie de dever global, que seria realizado por meio de diversas parcerias internacionais e pela participação em instituições globais de relevo. Nesse esforço, parecia necessário formalizar o tratamento do tema da saúde na agenda da política externa brasileira, o que ocorreria em um processo de institucionalização que implicou, entre 1995 e 2010, a adoção de mudanças no nível político-administrativo dos ministérios das Relações Exteriores e da Saúde e em menções crescentes ao tema da saúde nos discursos das autoridades brasileiras nos fóruns internacionais.
O histórico da segurança humana e o (des)encontro das agendas de desenvolvimento e segurança
Authors: Rocha Raquel Maria de Almeida
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo busca reconstruir a trajetória da segurança humana no Relatório de Desenvolvimento Humano (RDH) do Programa de Desenvolvimento das Nações Unidas (PNUD) de 1994 e no Relatório da Comissão Internacional sobre Intervenção e Soberania Estatal (CIISE) de 2001. Pretendemos com isso demonstrar que existe pouco diálogo e contribuição do primeiro com o segundo. Para tanto, traçaremos o histórico do conceito de segurança humana, focando nos relatórios mencionados, a fim de evidenciar a forma pela qual as agendas de desenvolvimento e de segurança possuem baixo nível de debate, diálogo e contribuição entre si. Nossa metodologia inclui revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas, além de análise de documentos e relatórios do sistema ONU e do CIISE para construção de process tracing.
O conceito de Ataque Global Imediato: premissas equivocadas, consequências perigosas
Authors: Simionato dos Santos Guilherme , Cepik Marco
Published: December 2017

O artigo analisa criticamente o conceito estadunidense de Ataque Convencional Global Imediato (Conventional Prompt Global Strike – CPGS), bem como suas implicações para a segurança internacional. Trata-se de iniciativas que buscam desenvolver a capacidade de atacar – de forma convencional, precisa e sem depender de bases avançadas – alvos localizados a longas distâncias (pelo menos 1.500 km) em um curto período de tempo (velocidades acima de Mach 5). O conceito tem duas premissas equivocadas. A primeira corresponde ao que Patrick Porter (2015) chamou de “globalismo” tático, ou seja, a crença de que ataques convencionais em escala global não seriam mais constrangidos pela distância. A segunda é o que James Acton (2013) chamou de “mito da bala de prata”, a busca por uma inovação capaz, por si só, de reverter tendências estratégicas e realidades políticas. Os projetos ligados ao conceito CPGS enfrentam dificuldades técnicas, orçamentárias e políticas. Caso sejam bem-sucedidos, suas consequências são perigosas. Em primeiro lugar, estimulam a competição e a emulação de soluções preemptivas com tempo operacional acelerado. Em segundo lugar, como o CPGS ameaça a capacidade de segundo ataque (retaliação) nuclear das outras grandes potências, sua implementação aumenta a instabilidade política mundial e os riscos de ultrapassagem não acidental do limiar nuclear.
Analysis of corn ears movement within the threshing crescent using high-speed recording method
Authors: Steponavičius Dainius , Kemzūraitė Aurelija , Kiniulis Valdas , Zokaitis Karolis
Published: December 2017

The main objective of the research was to establish movement of corn ears within the threshing crescent between the cylinder and the concave using high-speed recording method. Tangential threshing unit was used in the experimental trials. Cylinder rotation and linear velocity of rasp bars (11.00 m s-1, 14.14 m s-1and 17.28 m s-1) were determined by using threshing cylinder covered with filler plates having 4 different shapes. During the trials, speed of corn ears within threshing crescent, number of impacts received by the corn ear, rising height of the corn ear after impact of rasp bar and time between two impacts of rasp bar to the corn ear, depending on the shape of filler plates of threshing cylinder were found. Video analysis of corn ear movement showed that the speed of corn ears movement in the threshing crescent highly depends on linear velocity of rasp bars. The average speed of corn ear within threshing crescent and number of impacts received by the corn ear were increased with increase of linear velocity of rasp bars irrespective of cylinder filler plates are used. Moreover, both above-mentioned parameters were larger in the second part of concave length than in the first one. A tendency of increase of the corn ear moving over the surface of the concave and decrease of number of impacts received by the corn ear was observable by reduction in the threshing crescent. Following reduction of linear velocity of rasp bars to 14.14 m s-1, it would be reasonable to cover the threshing cylinder with filler plates that can reduce the cross-section area between rasp bars and concave (to 94.26 cm2in view of one gap between adjacent rasp bar). In this case, filler plates showed a substantial effect on behaviour of corn ears: they restrict a rising height of the corn ear, may be subject to additional rotational motion, deflect the corn ear to the clearance between the rasp bar and the concave bar as well as deflect threshed kernels towards concave grates.
Study on coupling effect between the time-varying gear backlash and the different time-varying mesh parameters on the gear system
Authors: Xu Hai , Cui Ling Li , Shang De Guang , Xu Yong Gang
Published: December 2017

The vibration excitation of the rolling mill mainly comes from the gearbox in the process of rolling strip, and the meshing excitation is the main excitation factor of the gearbox. And the gear backlash plays an important role in the meshing excitation. However, the backlash is inevitable in the process of designing the gear system. Therefore, it is important to select the appropriate gear backlash to reduce the vibration amplitude of the gearbox, to improve the rolling speed and the quality of the steel strip. So, in this paper, the effect of the different variation amplitudes for the time-varying gear backlash (TVGB) on the vibration characteristics of the gear system under various mesh parameters is studied. A new formulation for calculating nonlinear damping and time varying meshing stiffness is applied in this coupling model. The results show that increasing of the load torque, the damping ratio, the system parameter or decreasing the directional rotation radius variation or kinematic transmission error caused the effects of variation amplitudes for the (TVGB) on the dynamic characteristics of the gear system to decrease. Test data from a gearbox experimental table verifies the accuracy of the model. The model is shown to be capable of simulating the mutually coupled effect between the backlash and the different parameters on the gear system. So, the new coupled model can be used as guide to select the appropriate gear backlash values for the rolling mill under different operating conditions.
An analysis on strip vibration coupled with torsional vibration of main drive system of rolling mill
Authors: Gao Chongyi , Du Guojun , Li Rui , Guo Xiaoqiang
Published: December 2017

According to the movement mechanism of strip and rollers during the continuous rolling process, the main drive system of each stand was simplified to a single degree of freedom discrete model, and the strip was simplified to an axially moving Euler beam. Then, a nonlinear continuous-discrete coupled vibration model between transverse and longitudinal vibrations of strip and torsional vibration of main drive system was established. According to Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear differential equations were established. Moreover, modified iteration method and Kantorovich averaging method were used to solve the differential equations. Depending on numerical calculation, the amplitude-frequency responses of strip vibration coupled with torsional vibration of main drive system were obtained. Finally, the influences of the axial velocity, the strip tension, the torsional stiffness, and the rotational inertia on the vibration characteristics were discussed. The results would provide a theoretical reference for control and analysis of rolling mill vibration in engineering practice.
Effects of Casimir force on multi-field coupled nonlinear vibration of orthotropic micro film
Authors: Fu Xiaorui , Xu Lizhong
Published: December 2017

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamics equations of a multi-field coupled orthotropic micro film are presented. The Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolsky (KBM) method is used to solve the equations. The multi-fields coupled nonlinear resonant frequencies of a micro film are analyzed. The effects of Casimir force and nonlinear parameter on nonlinear resonant frequencies and vibration amplitudes are investigated. A resonant film is designed and produced. Based on the principle of electrostatic excitation and capacitance detection, the resonant frequency of the micro film is detected. It illustrates that the Casimir force has an important influence on the resonant micro film frequencies and should be considered with a small initial clearance.
Simulation analysis on inner flow field and optimization design of air knife
Authors: Chen Jian Qing , Chen Ke , Chen Xian Ming
Published: December 2017

This paper conducted a parametric modeling for air knife structure in a printing factory, used HYPERMESH software to divide the meshes of air model and combined with actual conditions to define various boundary conditions in the inner flow field of air knife. Meanwhile, this paper adopted fluid dynamics software Fluent to conduct numerical simulation for the internal airflow of air knife, obtained the distribution regulation of flow field, conducted a parametric modeling for air knife structure under many internal structural proposals through ANSYS design module based on the simulation computational result, conducted optimization design for the position of guide plates, the number of outlets and the size of return air tank in the detailed structure in the air knife in order to determine specific dimension parameters and optimal proposals. Based on the computational results of simulation, this paper found that the original air knife structure had a non-uniform flow field and low velocity at the inlet and outlets. With the increase of length of air knife, the velocity of the middle outlet reduced to zero and did not have obvious effects any more. Guide plates in the air knife had a great influence on the inner flow field of air knife. Through optimization design, the inner flow field of air knife became uniform when there was only one guide plate. When the guide plate was close to the front end of the air knife, the inner flow field of air knife was relatively uniform and velocity at the inlet and outlets was relatively high. This paper conducted a model design for air knives with different structural types and determined proposal 4 as the optimal design through repeated analysis. The design method in this paper could provide guidance for studying and designing air knife structures in the aspect of technological approach and theory.
Transverse failure modes and control strategies of super long-span cable-stayed bridge under extreme earthquake
Authors: Xie Wen , Sun Limin
Published: December 2017

This work is focused on the failure modes and control strategies of a trial designed super long-span cable-stayed bridge (Abbr. CSB) with a main span of 1400 m under various seismic intensities, exploring the key characteristic of the failure modes of super high tower. Then several control strategies, such as the use of conventional viscous fluid dampers (Abbr. VFDs) and a new combination strategy comprising sacrificial inelastic links and conventional VFDs, are presented for the failure modes improvement and the seismic damage mitigation of the CSB under extreme earthquake (PGA = 1.0 g). It is found that the super high tower experiences an unexpected failure mode with double plastic hinges that shows a new characteristic on the tower failure in the transverse direction, which is different from that of the short- and medium-span cable-stayed bridge during earthquake excitation. Whereas the piers show a typical and expected flexural failure mode with only one plastic hinge in the transverse direction. Although conventional control strategies using the optimal VFDs can help to significantly reduce the seismic damage of the CSB, they cannot entirely make the tower satisfy seismic control targets. It is also observed that the new combination strategy can successfully improve the failure mode and seismic damage of the CSB that satisfies seismic control targets, the effects of proposed combination strategy on the CSB are superior to those of the convention control strategy with the optimal VFDs.
Ultimate shear performance and friction sliding response of laminated elastomeric bridge bearings
Authors: Li Yue , Li Qian , Wu Qiqi
Published: December 2017

In major earthquakes, friction sliding of common laminated elastomeric bearings limits the force transmitted from the superstructure to the substructure. Experiments were carried out to investigate the ultimate shear performance and the friction sliding response of laminated elastomeric bridge bearings. First, the hysteresis curve of the common laminated elastomeric bearings present narrow ribbon which meant the energy dissipation capacity induced by the shear deformation was weak. The ultimate shear deformation of the bearings could reach 300 % to 400 % of the elastomeric thickness. The damage of bearings was mainly focused on the rubber layer fracture. Second, the energy dissipation capacity of elastomeric bearings induced by the friction sliding was larger than the shear deformation, and was similar with the lead rubber bearing. Since the total displacement include both elastomer shear deformation and sliding components, the dissipated energy continuously increased with the increasing of the sliding distance. When the tests finished, the bearings were basic intact, only the rubber surface was worn down. Last, the bilinear elastic-plastic model is proposed to take as the theoretical model of the elastomeric bearing with friction sliding for the research and design of bridge in earthquake.
Hybrid residual fatigue life prediction approach for gear based on Paris law and particle filter with prior crack growth information
Authors: Liu Xin , Jia Yunxian , He Zewen , Sun Lei
Published: December 2017

Gear has been widely used in the modern industry, and the gear reliability is important to the driving system, which makes the residual fatigue life prediction for a gear crucial. In order to realize the residual fatigue life of the gear accurately, a hybrid approach based on the Paris law and particle filter is proposed in this paper. The Paris law is usually applied to predict the residual fatigue life, and accurate model parameters allow a more realistic prediction. Therefore, a particle filtering model is utilized to assess both model parameters and gear crack size simultaneously. As a data-driven method, particle filter describes the dynamical behavior of model parameters updating and gear crack growth, whereas the Paris law, as a model-based method, characterizes the gear’s crack growth according to the physical properties. The integration of the Paris law and particle filter is proposed as a hybrid approach, which is suitable for nonlinear and non-Gaussian systems, and can update the parameters online and make full use of the prior information. Finally, case studies performed on gear tests indicate that the proposed approach is effective in tracking the degradation of gear and accurately predicts the residual gear fatigue life.
Analysis of nonlinear suspension power harvest potential
Authors: Zhang Jin Qiu , Yao Jun , Zhao Ming Mei , Li Xin
Published: December 2017

Because the power consumption of a controlled suspension is huge, the power harvest potential of a nonlinear controlled suspension is analyzed. Instead of simplifying the suspension to a linear model or adopting some control strategies to solve the problem, this paper investigates the effect of the nonlinear characteristics on the power harvesting potential. A mathematic model is introduced to calculate the nonlinear vibration, and the amount of harvested power was obtained using the multi-scale method. A numerical validation is carried out at the end of this study. The results show that the investigated mechanical parameters affect both the vibration amplitude and the induced current, while the electric parameters only affect the induced current. The power harvesting potential of the nonlinear suspension is generally greater than the linear suspension because the frequency band of the actual pavement also contains bandwidth surrounding the body resonance point. The only exception occurs if the vehicle travels on a road with a particular profile, e.g. a sine curve. To optimize harvested power, it is better to consider the nonlinear characteristics rather than simplifying the suspension to a linear model.
A novel intelligent fault diagnosis method of rotating machinery based on deep learning and PSO-SVM
Authors: Shi Peiming , Liang Kai , Han Dongying , Zhang Ying
Published: December 2017

A novel intelligent fault diagnosis method based on deep learning and particle swarm optimization support vectors machine (PSO-SVM) is proposed. The method uses deep learning neural network (DNN) to extract fault features automatically, and then uses support vector machine to classify diagnose faults based on extracted features. DNN consists of a stack of denoising autoencoders. Through pre-training and fine-tuning of DNN, features of input parameters can be extracted automatically. This paper uses particle swarm optimization algorithm to select the best parameters for SVM. The extracted features from multiple hidden layers of DNN are used as the input of PSO-SVM. Experimental data is derived from the data of rolling bearing test platform of West University. The results demonstrate that deep learning can automatically extract fault feature, which removes the need for manual feature selection, various signal processing technologies and diagnosis experience, and improves the efficiency of fault feature extraction. Under the condition of small sample size, combining the features of the multiple hidden layers as the input into the PSO-SVM can significantly increase the accuracy of fault diagnosis.
Sequential fault detection for sealed deep groove ball bearings of in-wheel motor in variable operating conditions
Authors: Xue Hongtao , Wang Man , Li Zhongxing , Chen Peng
Published: December 2017

Sealed deep groove ball bearings (SDGBBs) are employed to perform the relevant duties of in-wheel motor. However, the unique construction and complex operating environment of in-wheel motor may aggravate the occurrence of SDGBB faults. Therefore, this study presents a new intelligent diagnosis method for detecting SDGBB faults of in-wheel motor. The method is constructed on the basis of optimal composition of symptom parameters (SPOC) and support vector machines (SVMs). SPOC, as the objects of a follow-on process, is proposed to obtain from symptom parameters (SPs) of multi-direction. Moreover, the optimal hyper-plane of two states is automatically obtained using soft margin SVM and SPOC, and then using multi-SVMs, the system of intelligent diagnosis is built to detect many faults and identify fault types. The experiment results confirmed that the proposed method can excellently perform fault detection and fault-type identification for the SDGBB of in-wheel motor in variable operating conditions.
Application of deterministic resampling particle filter to fatigue prognosis
Authors: Yang Weibo , Yuan Shenfang , Chen Jian
Published: December 2017

The method based on a particle filter for a fatigue crack growth prognosis has proved to be a powerful and effective tool for developing prognostics and health management (PHM) technology. However, the widely used basic particle filter have the unavoidable particle impoverishment problem, which will make particles unable to approximate the true posterior probability density function of the system state and lead to a prognosis result with a large error. This paper proposes a fatigue crack growth prognosis method based on a deterministic resampling particle filter. The active structural health monitoring based on the Lamb wave is used for on-line crack length monitoring with piezoelectric transducers. With the on-line crack measurement, the crack state and crack growth model parameters are estimated for a fatigue crack growth prognosis. In addition, the deterministic resampling procedure is employed to overcome the particle impoverishment problem. The result shows the proposed crack growth prognosis method based on deterministic resampling particle filter can provide more satisfactory results than the basic particle filter.
Impact of road surface roughness and magnetic force on the in-wheel motor magnet gap
Authors: Tan Di , Wu Yanshou , Song Fan
Published: December 2017

For an in-wheel-motor drive electric vehicle, the driving motors are directly mounted in the wheels. Using this chassis structure, the road excitation can cause a magnet gap deformation in the motor. The magnet gap deformation will lead to magnetic force which not only has a negative impact on vehicle dynamics but also affects the magnet gap deformation in turn. To further analyze the impact of the road and the magnetic force on the motor magnet gap, a test platform was built, and used to simulate cases of road and composite excitation. The results show that 1) road excitation can cause motor magnet gap deformation, and when the excitation frequency is increased for a constant amplitude, the deformation degree also increases. 2) For the same road excitation frequency, the deformation degree increases with the motor speed. This not only proves the existence of the magnetic force but also indicates that the size of the magnetic force is related to the motor rotating frequency. 3) A comparison between the simulated and experimental results not only confirms the validity of the theoretical derivation and analysis but also lays the foundation for subsequent vibration control of in-wheel-motor drive electric vehicles.