bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Produciendo comida y trabajo baratos: migraciones y agricultura en la ecología-mundo capitalista
Authors: MOLINERO GERBEAU Yoan , AVALLONE Gennaro
Published: December 2023

A través de la perspectiva de la ecología-mundo, uno de los enfoques más innovadores en Relaciones Internacionales, proponemos analizar el capitalismo global como un proyecto ecológico basado en la apropiación de las naturalezas humana y extrahumana orientadas al sostenimiento del proceso de acumulación. La agricultura, y la fuerza de trabajo de la que este se nutre, ocupan por lo tanto un rol central en el mantenimiento del sistema-mundo donde cadenas globales de mercancías, migraciones internacionales y relaciones centro-periferia se entrelazan y ponen de manifiesto los procesos globales que ahí acontecen.
El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir al análisis del sistema mundo actual mediante esta innovadora perspectiva para después mostrar cómo su conformación y su crisis han articulado un modelo de producción altamente internacionalizado, cuyo efecto más relevante ha sido el de generar/promocionar/inducir grandes movimientos migratorios de trabajo barato a lo largo y ancho del planeta. Se propone a su vez un análisis más local poniendo de manifiesto algunos ejemplos, pues la organización del trabajo en este nivel territorial es constitutiva de la producción agrícola a nivel global.
PROSPECTS FOR THE CREATION OF LIPOSOMAL ANTIMICROBIALS BASED ON PHAGES
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Ukraine, Kharkiv, Pylypenko D. М.
Published: December 2023

The emergence of many pathogenic microorganisms, which are resistant to known antibiotics, indicates the need to find new strategies to fight them. Aim. The article is devoted to the analysis of modern research on liposomal forms of phages as a promising strategy for fighting microbial infections. Methods. Analysis of modern national and foreign research devoted to the bacteriophage encapsulation into liposomes and the evaluation of the effecacy of this drug delivery system in antimicrobial therapy. Results. Bacteriophage encapsulation into liposomal nanoparticles protects phages from the negative effects of external factors, increases the period of circulation in the organism, ensures increased bioavailability of phage particles and, as a result, increases the efficacy of antimicrobial treatment. Liposomal forms of phages have demonstrated their effectiveness in fighting many common pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella, etc. Conclusions. Liposomal phages have prospects as antimicrobial drugs, however, for their widespread use in clinical practice, preclinical and clinical studies are required to confirm their effecace and safety.
ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE NEUROTOXICITY OF NITROGEN-DOPED MULTILAYER GRAPHENE NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR CAPABILITY TO CHANGE Cd2+/Pb2+/Hg2+-INDUCED INJURY IN BRAIN CORTEX NERVE TERMINALS
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Dudarenko M.
Published: December 2023

Graphene materials are widely used in different technologies and certainly released into aquatic and air surroundings being environmental pollution components. Nitrogen‑doped graphene nanomaterials have great potential for application, in particular, in energy storage, as electrochemical sensors and waste water treatment. Aim. Evaluate neurotoxic risk of nitrogen-doped multilayer graphene. Methods. Here, nitrogen-doped multilayer graphene nanoparticles (N-MLG) were synthesized by means of electrochemical exfoliation of high-purity graphite rods in NaN3-based electrolyte and characterised using TEM, AFM and UV-vis spectroscopy. Neuroactive features of N-MLG were assessed in isolated cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes) analysing the extracellular level of excitatory neurotransmitter L-[14C] glutamate and inhibitory one [3H]GABA. Results. It was revealed that N-MLG did not affect the extracellular synaptosomal levels of L-[14C] glutamate and [3H]GABA within the concentration range 0.01–0.5 mg/ml, and an increase in a concentration up to 1 mg/ml caused an insignificant increase (tendency to increase) in these levels for both neurotransmitters. To analyse a capability of interaction with heavy metals in biological system, N-MLG was investigated using model of acute Cd2+/Pb2+/Hg2+-induced neurotoxicity in nerve terminals. In was revealed that Cd2+/Pb2+/Hg2+-induced increase in the extracellular level of L-[14C] glutamate and [3H]GABA was not changed by N-MLG. Conclusions. N-MLG does not possess neurotoxic signs and is biocompatible within the concentration range 0.01–1 mg/ml. In biological system, N-MLG did not mitigate/aggravate Cd2+/Pb2+/Hg2+-induced neurotoxicity in nerve terminals.
The Austrian school as a field of study in economics – truths and myths
Authors:   Institute of Labour and Social Studies in Warsaw, Poland, Klimiuk Zbigniew , Slyvka Tetiana ,   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”
Published: December 2023

The article is concerned with studying of the Austrian school of economics, comparison of approaches of different representatives of the school to the analysis of basic economic phenomena and processes, determining differences between scientists' views and their research methods. The importance of the ideas of Austrian economists for modern economic theory in the context of interaction between the state and the market is emphasized. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical concepts of the Austrian school in the context of the search for new theoretical approaches to solve modern economic problems. The methods of comparative studies and the problem-personified approach to the study of the history of economic ideas are used. A comparison of the main ideas of the representatives of the Austrian school is carried out in historical and logical sequence. The results of the study give a description of the main theses of Carl Menger, Friedrich von Hayek, Ludwig von Mises and their scientific followers. The nature of prices and subjective valuation as well as price stabilization policy are revealed in the paper according to Austrian tradition. Attention is paid to the subjective approach, namely subjective information and costs. It is emphasized that entrepreneurship is a major force and Austrian believe that an entrepreneur's profit comes from the assumption of simple identification of risk with error. Today, the Austrian approach is of particular relevance, according to which it is impossible to scientifically know what will happen tomorrow, since it depends mainly on knowledge and information that has not yet been created in the entrepreneurial process. The results of research are important for understanding the need to revival of interest in this strand of economics, which for decades had been treated marginally in textbooks of economic thought. Austrian theoretical approaches should be used to analyze the processes of modern economic development and solve complex multifaceted economic problems.
Competitive programs of property reform: the domestic scientific heritage of the end of the 19th – early 20th centuries
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Gorditsa Karolina
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study and coverage of property issues in the economic thought of Ukraine at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. The purpose of the study is a retrospective generalization of the results of a critical and comparative analysis by domestic economists of the specified period of alternative property reform programs in the aspect of their theoretical validity and predictive expectations of socio-economic consequences. The results of a critical review by domestic scientists of the Marxist concept of property as a justification for the need for full socialization of the means of production are presented, in particular, the insufficiency of the labor theory of value for the economic justification of the ownership of the working class over the entire social product and the unsuitability of the Marxist theory of the capitalist system development for proving the historical necessity of liquidating a system based on private property. Scientific discussions surrounding various projects of land nationalization as a partial socialization of the means of production are analyzed. It was revealed that the majority of scientists refuted the accusations of private ownership of land and the landowner's right to land rent as insufficient moral justification and considered it inappropriate to carry out land nationalization in any form. The development of the concept of multifaceted forms of ownership as the basis for the effective functioning of the market economy in Ukrainian science is highlighted. The conclusion is substantiated that the development of the economic and legal foundations of a mixed economy, based on the principle of equal partnership of various forms of ownership as a guarantee of the practical realization of their best sides and improvement of the social division of labor, became an important achievement of Ukrainian economic science.
Landscape entrepreneurship of Makarivo region at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century: a historical heritage
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Kudlasevych Olga
Published: December 2023

Optimizing the use of local resource potential based on the development of entrepreneurship is an important factor in the recovery of the Ukrainian economy. The purpose of the article is a historical and economic analysis of the entrepreneurial activity of Ukrainian landowners, namely the specifics of agro-industrial entrepreneurship of the Makariv Oblast in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. On the basis of a retrospective analysis of the formation of entrepreneurship in Ukraine, the main development trends and specifics of the formation of landlord entrepreneurship are characterized on the example of the Makariv District. It is shown that the entrepreneurship of the post-reformation era occupied an important place in the noble-landlord economy. As a result of the combination of cultivation of agricultural products and their processing, noble-landlord farms turned into agrarian-industrial complexes. Specialization was conditioned by natural and climatic conditions. In the course of the research, it was revealed that the technical processing of agricultural products: sugar, distillery, tobacco, flour mill production has gained a powerful development. It was determined that the existence of a practically closed production cycle was characteristic of entrepreneurial type landlord farms. The landowners of the Makariv region introduced such productions that best corresponded to natural, financial conditions and market demands. Simultaneously with the production of agricultural products, they made investments in distilleries, breweries and mills, sawmills that were part of the estates. Combining the production of agricultural products with their industrial processing provided the owner with stable profits. The entrepreneurial activity of the landowners, focused on the most effective use of local natural resource potential, acquired the character of agrarian and industrial entrepreneurship, which, along with ensuring profits, performed social and economic functions in the development of the Makariv district. The formation of a strategy and specific ways of recovery of regions and transformation of agricultural production affected by Russian aggression should be formed taking into account positive historical experience.
Щодо відновлення напівпровідникової галузі в Україні: проблеми та шляхи їх вирішення
Authors: Мельник Віктор Павлович
Published: December 2023

Доповідь присвячено обговоренню діяльності та ініціатив Інституту фізики напівпровідників імені В.Є. Лашкарьова НАН України, спрямованих на створення науково-технологічного і навчального комплексу з метою відновлення в Україні галузі напівпровідникової мікроелектроніки, забезпечення умов для налагодження виробництва критично важливих мікроелектронних виробів для промислових підприємств України та підготовки фахівців за цим напрямом.
Нанокомпозити спряжених полімерів для сенсорних застосувань
Authors: Пуд Олександр Аркадійович
Published: December 2023

У доповіді розглянуто результати проведених в Інституті біоорганічної хімії та нафтохімії ім. В.П. Кухаря НАН України фундаментальних і прикладних досліджень, спрямованих на розроблення та вивчення нових багатофункціональних гібридних нанокомпозитів спряжених полімерів з оборотною чутливістю до різних фізичних та хімічних впливів і здатністю реєструвати або відчувати зміни в атмосфері або диханні хворих, переносити у своєму складі діагностичні препарати чи ліки в організмі людини, поглинати іони важких металів і токсичні органічні сполуки з різних природних вод та інших середовищ; екранувати/абсорбувати електромагнітне випромінювання тощо. Окрему увагу приділено застосуванню розроблених матеріалів для сорбції шкідливих сполук з водних середовищ та дослідженню латексів нанокомпозитів електропровідних полімерів з термо- і світлочутливістю.
A extrema direita em perspectiva
Authors: Caldeira Neto Odilon , Forti Steven
Published: December 2023

Apresentação do dossiê Repensar a extrema direita em uma perspectiva transnacional.
Is it possible to deprescribe benzodiazepine receptor agonists in older adults?
Authors: Güenter Dannebrock Letícia , Engroff Paula , Sgnaolin Vanessa , De Paula Bueno Isabela , Cataldo Neto Alfredo
Published: December 2023

Aim: to analyze the viability and related factors for deprescribing benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRA).Methods: this is a longitudinal, prospective, interventional study performed with older adults assisted at a geriatric psychiatry outpatient clinic; these were divided into two groups: BZRA users and non-users. The instruments used in this study were a general questionnaire, the Geriatric Depression Scale (short form), the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Results: we evaluated 74 patients, 40 (54.1%) of which were BZRA users and 34 (45.9%) were non-users, with an average age of 71.3 ± 7.5 years. Patients who used BZRA had a higher dropout rate of the deprescription process 26 (65%). Seven patients completely stopped using BZRAs (17.5%) and five reduced their use (12.5%). The mean scores for depression and anxiety symptoms were lower at the final assessment. As to sleep quality, BZRA users presented higher baseline values and both groups presented reductions in scores at the end of the treatment.Conclusion: deprescribing is viable and safe. However, there is resistance by both the patient and prescribers. The levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep quality improved after discontinuing BZRA.
Impulsive buying behaviour of consumers for online purchases in the city of Astana, Kazakhstan
Authors: Yolcu Saule , Meyer Daniel
Published: December 2023

This article explores the phenomenon of consumers' impulsive buying behavior for online purchases and its influencing factors in an online context by analyzing previous research in this field. Impulsive purchases have increased in frequency in digital contexts due to the development of e-commerce and the COVID-19 pandemic. The study offers a framework for understanding impulsive purchasing behavior that considers its definition and the categories and variables influencing it. For the study's survey on impulsive purchases made online, 132 respondents in Kazakhstan participated. The study concentrated on internet shoppers between the ages of 18 and 37 who made irrational purchases. The study examined impulsivity, psychological perceptions, and social influence as factors impacting impulsive purchase behavior. External stimuli, such as marketing campaigns and the retail environment, were also considered. The results revealed insight into the survey respondents' demographic information, such as their gender, age, frequency of internet shopping, the kinds of things they bought, and whether they made planned or spontaneous purchases. Both marketers and consumers may improve their awareness of impulsive buying inclinations and inadvertent acquisition by being aware of the elements driving impulsive purchases in online environments. This will lead to better decision-making during online shopping experiences.
Exploring the relationship between willingness to participate in insurance and bank loan approval for coffee farmers in Dak Lak Province: A Bayesian Model Averaging approach
Authors: Le-Dinh Thang
Published: December 2023

This study has employed Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to identify the most suitable model for assessing the eligibility of Vietnamese coffee farmers for bank loans, effectively avoiding overfitting and ensuring that only the most crucial variables were considered in the analysis. Findings from the study indicate that factors such as ethnicity, labor, yield, land ownership, and willingness to participate (WTP) in coffee insurance significantly influenced the farmers' eligibility for bank loans. Moreover, the study suggests that banks and insurance companies should also take into account additional factors, such as socio-economic context, household size and composition, land ownership, and risk-sharing programs, to enhance access to credit. With this valuable information, banks can forge partnerships with insurance companies to craft highly effective loan programs and insurance products tailored to Vietnamese farmers' unique needs. The simplicity, practicality, and strong predictive ability of the model chosen by BMA make it a valuable tool for guiding policy decisions.
Elevator small talk in Peninsular Spanish: Phatic speech acts within the ritual frame of casual encounters in the elevator
Authors: Alba-Juez Laura
Published: December 2023

The present study offers a speech-act analysis of the phatic interaction taking place within the ritual frame of casual encounters in the elevator. The corpus consists of 70 encounters that took place in Madrid, Spain, between 2020 and 2023. The analysis draws from Edmondson & House's (1981) originally proposed interactional typology of speech acts, also found in House & Kádár (2021a, 2023) and Edmondson, House & Kádár (2022). The main findings show, among other things, that some acts that are not conceived as phatic in the typology can migrate into the phatic slots, and that the speech-act pattern of this type of encounters can be affected by sociopragmatic variables such as the relational history of the interactants, or the co-created humorous episodes in the encounters.
Húgyhólyag-schistosomiasis.
Authors: Sánta Fanni , Pósfai Boglárka , Király István , Papos István , Kuthi Levente
Published: December 2023

A schistosomiasis (bilharziasis vagy vérmétely) a trópusi vidékeken előforduló
féregfertőzés. A mérsékelt égövi területeken, így hazánkban is csak behurcolt
esetek fordulnak elő. A féreg altípusától függően a betegség a bőrt, a
gastrointestinalis traktust vagy a húgyhólyagot érinti. Egy 32 éves, afrikai
származású férfi beteg makroszkópos vérvizelés miatt kereste fel az urológiai
ambulanciát. Egyéb panaszt nem említett. Antibiotikus terápia kezdődött, amely
mellett a haematuria nem szűnt meg. Húgyhólyagtükrözés történt, amelynek során
polypszerű laesiókat figyeltek meg a húgyhólyag belfelszínén, és ezeket
reszekálták. A szövettani vizsgálat daganatot nem talált, viszont granulomatosus
és eosinophil granulocytákban gazdag lobosodást írt le a húgyhólyagban. A
mélyebb szöveti rétegekben Schistosoma haematobium petéi voltak
kivehetők, a venulákban pedig ivarérett paraziták voltak jelen. A beteg
féregellenes terápiában részesült, és ennek hatására panaszai megszűntek.
Legjobb tudomásunk szerint esetünk az első, dokumentáltan Magyarországon
diagnosztizált húgyhólyag-schistosomiasis. A dolgozat célja elsősorban a
figyelemfelkeltés, továbbá munkánk során áttekintjük a betegség kialakulását,
kezelését és a lehetséges szövődményeket is. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(48):
1920–1924.
KEPUASAN PELANGGAN BASO URAT SATURNUS: STUDI EMPIRIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN CITRA MEREK
Authors: Latifah Ifa , Maya Dora Yenny , Saefudin Nugraha
Published: December 2023

Usaha saat ini harus bersiap bersaing untuk mempertahankan pangsa pasar dan meningkatkan kegiatan usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kualitas layanan, citra merek, dan kepuasan pelanggan di Baso Urat Saturnus-Margahayu Raya Bandung dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Penelitian ini melibatkan seluruh pelanggan dari tempat tersebut, menggunakan metode sampling purposive non-probability dengan 100 responden. Data dikumpulkan kuesione dan dianalisis dengan uji regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menyatakan kualitas layanan secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Sedangkan,  citra merek memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Implikasi temuan ini mencerminkan urgensi bagi bisnis untuk memprioritaskan peningkatan kualitas layanan guna meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Namun, secara kontras, adanya pengaruh negatif dari citra merek menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan holistik dalam manajemen merek untuk memastikan tidak hanya kualitas layanan yang ditingkatkan, tetapi juga citra merek yang positif guna memenuhi harapan pelanggan secara keseluruhan. Baso Urat saturnus-Margahayu perlu berhati-hati dalam membangun citra merek. Citra merek yang terlalu tinggi dapat menimbulkan ekspektasi yang terlalu tinggi pula dan menyebabkan kepuasan pelanggan menurun.
THE URGENCY OF WOMEN'S LEADERSHIP IN THE BUDGET FORMULATION: ISLAMIC FINANCE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ajuna Luqmanul Hakiem
Published: December 2023

Although only four out of thirty-five regional apparatus organizations are led by women, women's participation in the regional revenue and expenditure budget in Gorontalo City has been so great. This can be seen in the strategic position in development budgeting and regional financial planning led by a woman. Therefore, in this study, researchers want to know and understand how the urgency of women leaders in government budgeting. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that is presented descriptively analytically and coupled with thematic studies of Islamic finance. The research location chosen is Gorontalo, which is nicknamed Serambi Madinah. The results showed that the choice of women to lead the regional planning, research and development agency is a proof of the existence of women in budgeting. The policy has provided space to voice the budget in favor of women themselves. In addition, the four female leaders who became the object of research succeeded in applying Islamic financial values in managing the regional budget, namely transparency (Siddiq) and accountability (Amanah). While in its dual function Islam does not prohibit women from appearing as leaders, but still pay attention to Islamic teachings and do not leave their main role in household affairs.
UNDERSTANDING THE NEXUS OF FINANCIAL LITERACY AND BEHAVIORAL BIASES IN INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Authors: Joharudin Agus
Published: December 2023

In an era marked by an increasingly complex and dynamic financial landscape, the intersection of financial literacy, behavioral biases and investment decisions stands as a critical link influencing the economic well-being of individuals. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of financial literacy and behavioral biases on investment decisions. This study used an online questionnaire for management students of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. It used a quantitative approach and associative design and used multiple linear regression for analysis. The study confirms that behavioral biases are present in the investment decision-making of the students. Along with financial literacy, it also significantly influences the investment decision. The study highlights the significance of financial literacy in shaping the financial stability of students. It also made aware of the potential adverse effect of behavioral biases in influencing investment decisions among investors.
Generation of femtosecond pulses with an energy of ~10 μJ at a wavelength of 1.56 μM and nonlinear conversion of their frequency in a hollow revolver fiber
Authors:   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Krylov Alexsander A. , Senatorov Andrei K. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Gladyshev Alexey V. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Yatsenko Yu P. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Kosolapov Alexey F. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Kolyadin Anton N. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Khudyakov Maksim M. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Likhachev Mikhail E. ,   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Bufetov I. A. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

A fiber source of ultrashort pulses (USPs) with a powerful hybrid amplifier based on erbium and erbium-ytterbium fibers connected in series with a double cladding and an increased mode diameter, pumped by multimode laser diodes at a wavelength of 976 nm, was created and studied. Pulses from the output of a powerful amplifier at a central wavelength of about 1.56 μm with a duration of ~200 ps and an energy of up to 21.9 μJ, following with a frequency of 198.5 kHz, were compressed using a compressor based on a pair of volumetric polarization-independent diffraction gratings operating at transmission, with an efficiency of ≈73%. A minimum duration of compressed pulses of 742 fs was achieved, while their maximum energy and peak power were 15.8 μJ and ≈13 MW, respectively (maximum average power - 3.14 W) at a central wavelength of 1.56 μm in a beam with a Gaussian profile and measured quality parameters = 1.58 and = 1.38. When pumped by pulses from an erbium fiber source of various durations, the SRS transformation of 1.56 μm → 1.71 μm was realized in a hollow revolver light guide with a core of 75 μm in diameter filled with molecular hydrogen. Pulses with a maximum energy of about 200 nJ at a wavelength of 1.71 μm were obtained. The developed ultrashort pulse source can be useful in creating advanced systems for precision processing of transparent materials, especially silicon, as well as for other applications that require high energy and peak power of ultrashort pulses.
Application of end-face fiber optic sensor for thermooptical research
Authors:   Institute of Thermal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Kotov Artem N. , Gurashkin Aleksandr L. ,   Institute of Thermal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Starostin Alexandr A. ,   Institute of Thermal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Shangin Victor V. ,   Institute of Thermal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: December 2023

The principles of operation and implementation features of the developed fiber-optic device for pulsed thermoreflectometry based on an external Fabry-Perot interferometer are discussed. The possibility of studying local thermal processes in the near-surface layers of samples by changing the thermal reflection of probing radiation during pulsed laser heating is shown. Comparison of experimental data with modeling calculations showed the predominant influence of the thermal deformation mechanism in the case of metal samples.
Observational Studies of r- and s-Process Elements for Milky Way Stars
Authors: Aoki Wako
Published: December 2023

Elements heavier than iron-group are produced by rapid and slow neutron-capture processes (r-process and s-process) in the universe. The site of the processes and history of the enrichment in the Milky Way Galaxy have been studied by spectroscopic observations of stars with different ages and population (Galactic disks, halo etc.). The abundance studies of neutron-capture elements for Milky Way stars, including our long-term observational efforts using the spectroscopic survey telescope LAMOST and the 8.2m Subaru Telescope are reviewed. This article covers the observational results on the abundance distributions of heavy elements (Sr, Ba and Eu), and elemental abundance patterns of r- and s-process enhanced stars.
Ensuring Higher Education Campus Maps Support Visibility and nclusion For Parents
Authors:   The University of Waikato, McChesney Katrina , Shannon Mason
Published: December 2023

Many higher education staff and students are also parents, yet higher education campuses are often ‘informally designated “child-free”’ (Burford & Hook, 2019, p. 1345). Parents face significant challenges within higher education settings. These challenges can be compounded through inaccessible campus environments (Springer et al., 2009). It is important to consider parents as valued and visible campus users when designing infrastructure, information, and communications.
The use of POTTER (Predictive Optimal Trees in Emergency Surgery Risk) calculator to predict mortality and complications in patients submitted to Emergency Surgery
Authors: Ribeiro Junior Marcelo Augusto Fontenelle , Smaniotto Rafaela , Gebran Anthony , Zamudio Jefferson Proano , Mohseni Shahin , Rodrigues José Mauro da Silva , Kaafarani Haytham
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: the ability of the care team to reliably predict postoperative risk is essential for improvements in surgical decision-making, patient and family counseling, and resource allocation in hospitals. The Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered POTTER (Predictive Optimal Trees in Emergency Surgery Risk) calculator represents a user-friendly interface and has since been downloaded in its iPhone and Android format by thousands of surgeons worldwide. It was originally developed to be used in non-traumatic emergency surgery patients. However, Potter has not been validated outside the US yet. In this study, we aimed to validate the POTTER calculator in a Brazilian academic hospital. Methods: mortality and morbidity were analyzed using the POTTER calculator in both trauma and non-trauma emergency surgery patients submitted to surgical treatment between November 2020 and July 2021. A total of 194 patients were prospectively included in this analysis. Results: regarding the presence of comorbidities, about 20% of the population were diabetics and 30% were smokers. A total of 47.4% of the patients had hypertensive prednisone. After the analysis of the results, we identified an adequate capability to predict 30-day mortality and morbidity for this group of patients. Conclusion: the POTTER calculator presented excellent performance in predicting both morbidity and mortality in the studied population, representing an important tool for surgical teams to define risks, benefits, and outcomes for the emergency surgery population.
Aplicação do saber científico: a translação do conhecimento em um instituto de ciência e tecnologia em saúde pública
Authors: Scavuzzi Ângela Maria Andrade , Reis Valdeyer Galvão dos , Ramos Marcelo Santos , Souza Maria Julia Alves de , Winkler Ingrid , Pereira-Guizzo Camila de Sousa
Published: December 2023

Resumo: A translação do conhecimento (TC) tem como propósito a utilização prática dos resultados de pesquisas científicas e o monitoramento dos benefícios causados à saúde da população. Na área de saúde, o governo e, principalmente, a sociedade esperam que os investimentos em pesquisas obtenham resultados que vão além da produção e da publicação do conhecimento, e provoquem soluções como políticas públicas, sistemas, produtos e tecnologias para beneficiar a saúde da população. Contudo, verifica-se ainda a necessidade de superar diversos desafios para eliminar as lacunas existentes entre a investigação e a aplicação. O objetivo deste estudo é propor estratégias, com base na identificação de barreiras e fatores facilitadores de um instituto de ciência e tecnologia (ICT) em saúde, para fomentar o processo de transformação do conhecimento científico, gerado nas pesquisas, em ações e produtos que contribuam para a melhoria da saúde da população. Os relatos das entrevistas, realizadas com 16 pesquisadores, permitiram a identificação de 10 categorias de barreiras, tendo destaque: “financiamento em ciência, tecnologia e informação (CT&I) limitado” e “apoio técnico insuficiente para a translação do conhecimento”. “Infraestrutura e apoio institucional” foi a categoria de fatores facilitadores mais citada pelos participantes. Por fim, foi desenvolvido o artefato “estratégias e abordagens para superação de barreiras à implementação de resultados de pesquisa”. Entre as estratégias, sugere-se a inclusão de uma disciplina de TC nos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu e a criação de uma instância na estrutura organizacional do ICT voltada à prestação de suporte técnico e gerencial à aplicação de resultados de pesquisa.
‘Couro no couro’: homens com práticas homossexuais e prevenção do HIV na Região Metropolitana do Recife
Authors: Rios Luís Felipe , Adrião Karla Galvão , Albuquerque Amanda , Pereira Amanda França
Published: December 2023

RESUMO O texto aborda as práticas sexuais e a prevenção do HIV nos circuitos de Homens que fazem Sexo com Homens (HSH) da Região Metropolitana do Recife, embasados em inquérito comportamental com 380 HSH de idade de 18 a 51 anos, e entrevistas com 20 dos respondentes. Os dados analisados foram coletados entre janeiro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017, quando a Profilaxia Pré-Exposição (PrEP) ainda não estava disponível e a Profilaxia Pós-Exposição (PEP) era pouco conhecida (51,8%) e utilizada (1,3%). O Sexo Anal Desprotegido (SAD) (50,6% em parcerias fixas, 30,2% em casuais) ocorria, geralmente, com parceiros presumidamente negativos para HIV. As sorologias eram inferidas pelos vínculos (estranho, conhecido, amigo, namorado). As emoções (medo, tesão, amor, confiança, nojo, carência) eram importantes na configuração do SAD, normalmente articuladas às vinculações. Observaram-se regimes de prazer dissidentes da heteronormatividade: boca-ânus e boca-pênis; sexo a três e em grupo. Considerando a forte presença de SAD e a alta prevalência de HIV em Recife (21,5%), constatou-se a necessidade de ações educativas que apresentem técnicas da prevenção combinada (camisinha, PrEP, PEP, soroescolha, segurança negociada etc.) mediante narrativas que incorporem vínculos, emoções e regimes de prazer dissidentes, para que, ao se aproximarem dos contextos de usos, possibilitem escolhas mais seguras.
Um ensaio sobre a cronicidade do viver com HIV/Aids na infância, adolescência e juventude
Authors: Cunha Claudia Carneiro da , Maciel Marcelo de Abreu , Moreira Martha Cristina Nunes
Published: December 2023

RESUMO O presente ensaio trabalha nas dobras do tempo, acionando as noções de experiência, memória e perturbação, a partir da perspectiva socioantropológica, para discorrer acerca da cronicidade do viver com HIV/Aids na infância, adolescência e juventude. Seguindo as definições de ensaio, propôs-se um artesanato conceitual que ofereça outro arranjo de olhar sobre estigma, precariedade, vulnerabilidade e cronicidade. Apostou-se em um olhar que enfrente as barreiras do viver produzidas pelo estigma, discutindo em que medida a cronicidade pode acentuar a precariedade que constitui os humanos, mas que, para muitos, em virtude de sua localização social, pode significar maior precarização e vulnerabilização; considerando que, quando se é criança, adolescente e jovem, essa precarização pode levar a uma impossibilidade na circulação dos afetos, nas trocas cotidianas fundamentais dentro dos grupos, e a uma sensação constante de inadequação.
Evaluation of the use of species of Brazilian flora to inhibit corrosion of carbon steel in acidic medium: a review
Authors: Souza Paula Duarte de Carvalho , Menezes Pedro Luiz Fonseca , Lins Vanessa de Freitas Cunha , Capelossi Vera Rosa
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Inhibitors are one of the oldest methods of mitigating corrosion, which is still a current challenging and costly problem. However, traditional inhibitors are toxic and non-biodegradable, which goes against the principles of Green Chemistry, so named for valuing the use of biodegradable and environmentally friendly products. They can be obtained from plants and their residues that, when subjected to some type of processing, generate extracts or oils with important inhibitory potential. In most cases, green inhibitors are organic compounds classified relating to the mechanism as mixed, having polar functional groups that act as adsorption centers on the metallic surface. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the literature on inhibitors from species of Brazilian flora and used in an acid environment to prevent corrosion in carbon steel in a specific medium. Brazil presents a rich biodiversity of flora, with more than 46,200 species cataloged in 2020, which provides a wide field of research in this area. The review included 28 different plant species. The results found were promising, with emphasis on the use of parts of vegetables that are normally discarded and show the potential for development and improvement of green inhibitors for future application on an industrial scale.
Leishmanicidal activity of the venoms of the Scorpions Brotheas amazonicus and Tityus metuendus
Authors: Pereira D. B. , Martins J. G. , Oliveira M. S. , Lima-Júnior R. S. , Rocha L. C. , Andrade S. L. , Procópio R. E. L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract Leishmaniasis is a vector-transmitted zoonosis caused by different species of the genus Leishmania, with a wide clinical spectrum. It is a public health problem aggravated by a series of limitations regarding treatment. In the search for new therapeutic alternatives, scorpion venoms are a source of multifunctional molecules that act against the natural resistance of pathogens. This work evaluated the antileishmanial potential of Brotheas amazonicus and Tityus metuendus venoms against the promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis e Leishmania guyanensis. The venoms of B. amazonicus and T. metuendus were evaluated for their constituents using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Growth inhibition and death of promastigotes were evaluated in the presence of diferente crude venom concentrations (100 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 1 µg/mL) after one hour of incubation at 25 °C. The FTIR spectra of both venoms exhibited bands in approximate regions, revealing that both exhibit similar functional groups. Crude venom from both scorpion species showed similar or superior leishmanicidal effects to the standart drug N-methylglucamine antimoniate. At the highest concentration of 100 µg/mL, cultures of L. guyanensis treated with the venom of B. amazonicus showed the highest mortality percentages, above 28%, while T. metuendus venom showed the highest activity against L. amazonensis, with mortality above 7%. This preliminar study demonstrates that B. amazonicus and T. metuendus venoms can be important tools in the search for new drugs Against leishmaniasis. Next step involves evaluating the activity against the amastigote forms and purifying the venom proteins in order to identify the best anti-leishmania candidates.
Elaboração do luto e escritas autobiográficas na Clínica de Linguagem com afásicos
Authors: Cordeiro Michelly Daiane de Souza Gaspar , Lier-DeVitto Maria Francisca
Published: December 2023

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão subsidiada pela Clínica de Linguagem (Lier-DeVitto, 2002, 2006), proposta teórico-clínica que articula noções e conceitos do Estruturalismo Europeu, com Saussure e Jakobson, e da Psicanálise, com Freud e Lacan. Desde os trabalhos de Fonseca (1995, 2002, 2011) a afasia é entendida como uma alteração linguística que envolve cérebro ferido, fala em sofrimento e drama subjetivo. O objetivo deste artigo é desenvolver o tema de que o drama subjetivo envolve luto - questão incontornável num atendimento a afásicos que priorize o sujeito e sua condição singular. Destaca-se que a afasia deixa o falante frente às ruínas de uma condição linguística abrupta e inesperada, que remete a um forte abalo no enodamento dos registros do real, simbólico e imaginário (Lacan, 1985/1972-3). Freud (1917) abre a discussão sobre o luto na Psicanálise. Seu texto e de outros psicanalistas são abordados neste artigo. A escrita autobiográfica é apresentada como um dos caminhos possíveis no percurso de elaboração do luto numa Clínica de Linguagem.
Adaptation challenges in learning to teach EFL in a VUCA world: What have we learned from the COVID-19 experience?
Authors: Agudo Juan de Dios Martínez
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted education in general and teacher education in particular in various ways around the world. As teachers have played a leading role during the crisis, it is key that their voices be heard. Drawing on Vygotskian sociocultural theory as a framework for teacher professional development, this exploratory study seeks to make sense of the main adaptation challenges faced by 18 Spanish EFL teacher candidates in their learning-to-teach process in a practicum setting during the pandemic. Based on a narrative qualitative research design, a thematic content analysis was used for the qualitative data gathered through open-ended questions. Findings revealed that the crisis has resulted in teaching adaptation challenges in terms of traditional expository teaching models, difficulty in understanding and being understood as well as a lack of interaction and relationship with learners. Adaptability and reflective practice have proven to be key strategic features of professional competence in a volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous (VUCA) world.
EFFECT OF THINNING ON VOLUMES OF BIOMASS AND BARK TANNINS CONTENT OF Mimosa caesalpiniifolia BENTH. TREES
Authors: Paiva Leoclécio Luís de , Azevedo Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de , Pimenta Alexandre Santos , Canto Juliana Lorensi do , Souza Maila Janaína Coêlho de , Ucella Filho João Gilberto Meza
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the effect of thinning on the wood volumes per hectare on the tannin content in the bark of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. The planting was subdivided into two plots, one thinned at 12 and 55 months of age (T1), while the other plot was kept intact (T2). The dendrometric variables were measured, and ten trees were felled, five in each plot. Subsequently, wood and bark’s volume, mass, and moisture content were determined. Then, the total solids content (TST), the Stiasny index (I), and the condensed tannin content (TTC) were quantified. Dry wood productivity was statistically different between the two treatments, with values of 26.7 and 22.8 t ha-1 for T1 and T2, respectively. The percentage of dry bark corresponded to 16% of the total biomass for both treatments. The only variable that showed a significant difference was I, with values with and without thinning, 59.83 and 79.31%, respectively. Therefore, it was verified that the way the thinning was used changed the I and how they were conducted, favoring the emission of boles and increasing the frequency in the lower diametric classes instead of favoring the increase in DBH. It is concluded that thinning interferes with the biomass volumes and the Stiasny index of M. caesalpiniifolia. However, it does not alter the concentration of tannins present in the species’ bark.
Technological levels in pineapple (Ananas comosus) production in family agroecosystems in Novo Remanso (Itacoatiara/Amazonas)
Authors: Maia Silvia Tavares , Costa Tiago Viana da , Costa Francimara Souza da
Published: December 2023

Abstract In Amazonas, family farming uses the environmental system for subsistence, with its production destined primarily for self-consumption and the surplus destined for sale. Considering the peculiarities of the distinguishing features of the region and the characteristics of family farmers, the use of technologies could probably expand agricultural products sold on the market. This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability of family agroecosystems of pineapple producers in Novo Remanso, AM, Brazil, through the technologies used. Semi-structured forms were applied through interviews with 30 farmers associated with the Cooperativa Agropecuária de Novo Remanso [COOPANORE]. The analyzed components were the use of machines, equipment, and tools; selection of seedlings; fertilizing; planting; cultivation treatments; and harvest/post-harvest technologies. The technological index was determined individually for each technology and together, and the closer to the recommended technology, the better the technological level. The farmers interviewed use more than 50% of the recommended technologies, representing standard B, except for seedling selection and harvest/post-harvest technologies, which presented level C. Even with the increase in production, the use of technologic did not solve the problem of pineapple commercialization, showing that technologies need to be accompanied by organizational factors related to production.
Análise de metodologias para avaliação da solubilidade do cimento à base de silicato de cálcio Bio-C Sealer
Authors: TANOMARU-FILHO Mário , GONÇALVES Alessandra Alves , SANTOS-JUNIOR Airton Oliveira , TAVARES Karina Ines Medina Carita , PINTO Jáder Camilo , GUERREIRO-TANOMARU Juliane Maria
Published: December 2023

Resumo Introdução Cimentos endodônticos à base de silicato de cálcio demonstram maior solubilidade em água destilada. Emprego de metodologias alternativas pode auxiliar em melhor compreensão sobre a solubilidade desses materiais. Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da solução de imersão e do tipo de modelo experimental na solubilidade de cimento pronto para uso Bio-C Sealer. Material e método Modelos circulares de polietileno ou dentina bovina (n = 16) foram confeccionados. Após inserção do cimento, os espécimes foram mantidos em estufa a 37 °C por 48 horas. Posteriormente, as amostras foram pesadas em balança de precisão para determinação da massa inicial. Na sequência, os espécimes foram imersos em 7,5 mL de água destilada (pH 6,5) ou PBS (pH 7,0) (n = 8) por 28 dias. Após isso, as amostras foram removidas das soluções e pesadas a cada 24 horas até a estabilização da massa final (0,001g). Corpos de prova confeccionados com Bio-C Sealer foram empregados como controle. A solubilidade foi avaliada de acordo com a diferença entre a massa inicial e final em porcentagem. Teste ANOVA Two-Way e teste post-hoc de Tukey foram realizados (α = 0,05). Resultado Imersão em água destilada proporcionou maior solubilidade em comparação com PBS, independentemente do modelo experimental (p < 0,05). Corpos de prova apresentaram maior solubilidade, seguidos dos modelos de polietileno e dentina imersos em água destilada (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença entre os modelos experimentais imersos em PBS (p > 0,05). Conclusão Bio-C Sealer apresenta solubilidade significativamente maior em água destilada do que em PBS em todas condições. Modelo experimental empregando dentina bovina e PBS como solução de imersão demonstra diminuir a perda de massa de Bio-C Sealer e pode ser uma alternativa valiosa para avaliar a solubilidade de cimentos biocerâmicos.