bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSPECTIVE MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES (MSES) IN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Sugianto Sugianto , Casmudi Casmudi , Dewi Setyana Tungga , Ayuni Linda , Aprilia Dianita , Regina Cantika , Nuralya Deswa , Presitini Yunita
Published: August 2023

The background of Micro Small Enterprises (MSEs) is currently contracting. Not yet recovered from the devastating Covid-19 pandemic, most business units have almost closed. Entering 2022, business actors are faced with a situation of uncertainty due to the war between Russia and Ukraine has not yet been resolved.  Business climate conditions are increasingly shocking, overshadowed by the global economic recession in 2023. Some local MSE actors take it seriously, but some are normal. The objectives  of the study (1)  describe the perspective aspects of organizing micro and small enterprises (MSEs), (2) present the position of MSEs in Balikpapan to welcome the development of the Capital City of the Archipelago (IKN) (3) Reveal the strategy of MSEs to welcome the development of IKN.  This qualitative discretive research took the MSE segment in Balikpapan. Samples of 6 types of businesses (1) Restaurant, (2) Café, (3) Beverage, (4) Hydroponics, (5) Seafood, (6) Tofu and Tempeh Industry. Data collection using observation, structured interviews, data collection assisted by 5 groups by conducting internships for 7 days. The position of the researcher as supervisor 1 and 2. The results of the study achieved very good category scores (81-100) (1) Hydroponics and Seafood 97 Percent (2) Restaurants and Cafes 93 percent (3) Beverages 95 Percent and Tofu Tempeh 90 Percent. There are 11 indicators, namely (1) Character of business actors (2) Business planning, (3) Market and marketing, (4) Production operations, (5) Business location, (6) Organization management, (7) Marketing mix, (8) Business competition, (9) Market confidence, (10) Financial management and (11) Business feasibility. The conclusion of the study to six Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) business units in Balikpapan has very good prospects, the lowest achievement score of 90 percent and the highest of 97 percent.
Genomic Analysis of the Carrot Bacterial Blight Pathogen Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae in Korea
Authors: Lee Mi-Hyun , Hong Sung-Jun , Park Dong Suk , Ham Hyeonheui , Kong Hyun Gi
Published: August 2023

Bacterial leaf blight of carrots caused by Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae (Xhc) is an important worldwide seed-borne disease. In 2012 and 2013, symptoms similar to bacterial leaf blight were found in carrot farms in Jeju Island, Korea. The phenotypic characteristics of the Korean isolation strains were similar to the type strain of Xhc. Pathogenicity showed symptoms on the 14th day after inoculation on carrot plants. Identification by genetic method was multi-position sequencing of the isolated strain JJ2001 was performed using four genes (danK, gyrB, fyuA, and rpoD). The isolated strain was confirmed to be most similar to Xhc M081. Furthermore, in order to analyze the genetic characteristics of the isolated strain, whole genome analysis was performed through the next-generation sequencing method. The draft genome size of JJ2001 is 5,443,372 bp, which contains 63.57% of G + C and has 4,547 open reading frames. Specifically, the classification of pathovar can be confirmed to be similar to that of the host lineage. Plant pathogenic factors and determinants of the majority of the secretion system are conserved in strain JJ2001. This genetic information enables detailed comparative analysis in the pathovar stage of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, these findings provide basic data for the distribution and diagnosis of Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae, a major plant pathogen that infects carrots in Korea.
INFLUENCE OF PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION AND SUPERVISION TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION THROUGH QUALITY TANJUNG GELAM PORT SERVICES KARIMUN DISTRICT
Authors: Handayani Evi , Indrayani Indrayani , Khaddafi Muammar , Wibisono Chablulah
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted by distributing 290 questionnaires. Discussion of the results of field studies to obtain data on answers to questionnaires that measure five main variables in this study, namely Planning, Implementation, Monitoring, Customer Satisfaction and Service Quality. The results of the analysis and discussion using the SEM-PLS (Structural Equition Modeling-Partial Least Square) method using the R-Square test and hypothesis testing, namely direct and indirect effects. The path coefficient calculation in this study is assisted by Smart PLS Ver 3.0. to determine the direct and indirect effect between variables. Planning (X1) has a significant positive effect on Service Quality (Z), with a t-statistics value of 2.660 > 1.96 and a p-value of 0.008 < 0.05, the hypothesis is accepted. Implementation (X2) has a significant positive effect on Service Quality (Z), with a t-statistics value of 2.415 > 1.96 and a p-value of 0.016 < 0.05, the hypothesis is accepted. Supervision (X3) has a significant positive effect on Service Quality (Z), with a t-statistics value of 2.715 > 1.96 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, the hypothesis is accepted. Service Quality (Z) has a significant positive effect on Customer Satisfaction (Y), with a t-statistics value of 2.218 > 1.96 and a p-value of 0.020 < 0.05, the hypothesis is accepted. Planning (X1) has a significant positive effect on Customer Satisfaction (Y), with a t-statistics value of 2.657 > 1.96 and a p-value of 0.012 < 0.05, the hypothesis is accepted. Implementation (X2) has a significant positive effect on Customer Satisfaction (Y), with a t-statistics value of 2.036 > 1, 96 and the p-value is 0.002 <0.05, the hypothesis is accepted. Monitoring (X3) has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction (Y), with t-statistics 2.183 > 1.96 and a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, the hypothesis is accepted.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, WORK CULTURE AND MOTIVATION ON PERFORMANCE THROUGH JOB SATISFACTION IN EMPLOYEES OF EAST TANJUNGPINANG DISTRICT, TANJUNGPINANG CITY
Authors: Adha Putra Rizki , Indrayani Indrayani , Satriawan Bambang
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership, work culture and motivation with job satisfaction as a mediating variable on the performance of Kelurahan employees in East Tanjungpinang sub-district, Tanjungpinang City. The hypothesis put forward is that Transformational Leadership influences Performance, Work Culture Affects Performance, Motivation influences Performance, Job Satisfaction influences Performance, Transformational Leadership influences Job Satisfaction, Work Culture Affects Job Satisfaction, Motivation influences Job Satisfaction, Transformational Leadership influences Performance Through Job Satisfaction, Work Culture influences Performance through Job Satisfaction, Motivation Affects Performance through Job Satisfaction. The sample in this study were all employees in sub-districts in the East Tanjungpinang sub-district with a total of 83 respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using data analysis techniques with the help of PLS software. The results showed that transformational leadership had a significant positive effect on performance. Work Culture has a significant positive effect on performance. Motivation has a significant positive effect on performance. Job Satisfaction influences Performance significant positive. Transformational Leadership influenceJob satisfaction Significant Positive.Work Culturesignificantly influence Job Satisfaction. Motivation has a significant positive effect on Job Satisfaction. Transformational Leadership Affects Performance mediated by Significant Positive Job Satisfaction, Work Culture Affects Performance mediated by Significant Positive Job Satisfaction. Motivation affects Performance mediated by Job Satisfaction significantly positive.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION, TRAINING AND MOTIVATION ON PERFORMANCE THROUGH COMPETENCE IN MEMBERS OF THE DIRECTORATE OF DRUG INVESTIGATION OF THE RIAU ISLANDS REGIONAL POLICE
Authors: Lorehan Septiadi Dewo , Wibisono Chabullah , Wibisono Chabullah , Catra Asa I Wayan , Khaddafi Muammar
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of education, training and motivation on performance through competence in members of the Directorate of Drug Investigations of the Riau Islands Regional Police. The method used in this study was a causal model survey method, data collection using questionnaires and distributed to 118 respondents. Statistical data analysis using SEM-PLS (Sructural Equation Modelling- Partial east Square) and using path analysis to test relationship patterns that reveal the influence of variables on other variables, both direct and indirect influences assisted by Smart PLS Ver 4.0 software. The results in the study showed that education directly has a positive and significant effect on employee competence with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, training directly has a positive and significant effect on competence with a p-value of 0.000< 0.05, competence directly affects positive and significant performance with a p-value of 0.002 < 0.05, education directly affects positive and significant performance with p-value of 0.316 < 0.05, training directly has a positive and significant effect on performance with a p-value of 0.562 < 0.05, motivation directly affects performance with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, performance directly affects positive and significant through educational mediation on employee kineja with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, performance of positive and significant influence through mediation of training media on competence with p-value 0.019 < 0.05, positive and non-signific influence performance through motivational mediation on competence with p-value 0.03326 <0.05.
THE INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES COMPETENCY, BUDGETING POLITICS AND PROCUREMENT OF GOODS AND SERVICES ON BUDGET ABSORPTION BY BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION AS A MODERATING VARIABLE IN THE GOVERNMENT OF RIAU ISLANDS
Authors: Imelda Imelda , Fachrudin Fachrudin , Satriawan Bambang , Wibisono Chablullah , Khaddafi Muammar
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the influence of human resource competence, budget politics, procurement of goods and services on budget absorption and to test and analyze budget implementation in moderating the relationship between human resource competence, budget politics, procurement of goods and services on budget absorption. This research uses a quantitative approach. The type of data used in this study is primary data. This research was conducted using a survey method by distributing questionnaires to regional financial managers in the Riau Islands Provincial Government. The population of this study is the financial manager of 43 Regional Apparatus Organizations as many as 115 people. Determination of the sample through saturated samples (census). The data is processed using the SEM-PLS application version 3.0. The results of this study show that budget politics, procurement of goods and services and budget implementation affect budget absorption. But on the contrary, the competence of human resources does not affect the absorption of the budget. The interaction of budget implementation can strengthen the relationship between the competence of Human Resources and the procurement of goods and services for budget absorption but is not significant in moderating the political process of budgeting for budget absorption.
EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF LICENSING SERVICES AT THE INVESTMENT SERVICES AND ONE DOOR INTEGRATED LICENSING SERVICES IN NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE
Authors: Ariani Rambe Sangkot , Asmara Sakhyan , Ridho Hatta
Published: August 2023

Licensing services at the Investment Service and One-Stop Integrated Licensing Services of North Sumatra Province are still experiencing problems and problems related to Information and Technology systems, the absence of Regional Regulations regarding guidelines for licensing or regulations, facilities and infrastructure that are less supportive and the number of public complaints regarding licensing services which can be seen through television and internet media. This study aims to determine the quality of licensing services at the Office of Investment and One-Stop Integrated Licensing Services in North Sumatra Province. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. The theory used is SERVQUAL Theory by Zeithaml, Parasuraman and Berry mention five dimensions in determining service quality, namely Tangibles (physical evidence), Reliability (reliability), Responsiveness (responsiveness), Assurance (guarantee) and Empathy (empathy). The results showed that the quality of service at the Investment Service and One-Stop Integrated Licensing Services of North Sumatra Province for the Tangibles and Assurance dimensions did not match what the community expected, while the service quality for the Reliability, Responsiveness and Empathy dimensions were in accordance with what the community expected.
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCE COMPETENCE AND CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY AT ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS IN BIREUEN REGENCY
Authors: Fikri Rijal  , Damanhur Abbas  , Naz’aina
Published: August 2023

This study examined and analyzed the effect of human resource competence and charismatic leadership on financial accountability in Islamic boarding schools in the Bireuen Regency. This study used primary and secondary data. The primary data was obtained by using a questionnaire to 98 respondents in Islamic boarding schools in Bireuen Regency, and the secondary data was obtained through online news, articles, and other news sources related to the required data. In addition, researchers also conducted observations. The data analysis method used was a structural method based on variance, namely Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that the competence of human resources and charismatic leadership positively influenced the financial accountability of Islamic boarding schools in the Bireuen Regency.
TEMPORARY RESIDENTIAL DESIGN ANALYSIS TYPE OF HEX HOUSE FOR DISASTER SURVIVAL IN INDONESIA
Authors: Awaluddin Azril  , Mirza Irwansyah  , Yunita Idris
Published: August 2023

Temporary shelter (huntara) is an effort to fulfill basic human needs for survivors after a disaster. Shelters aim to provide protection with dignity, a sense of security and comfort, fulfillment of social needs, and easy access to finding a livelihood. The research object refers to the Hex House Type shelter design. This study aims to determine the feasibility standard indicators that are met by the design. Design feasibility indicators are measured through the “six key eligibility criteria” approach based on the concept formulation of Jo Da Silva and C.Crook. The research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. Data sourced from document review. The results obtained, the Hex House design in general meets the indicators to be implemented in Indonesia.
THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATION,WORK ENVIRONMENT AND LEADERSHIPETYLE ON WORK ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH THE PERFOMANCE OF MEMBERS OF THE TRAFFIC DIRECTORATE RIAU ISLANDS POLDA
Authors: Riki Iswoyo  , Indrayani  , Muammar Khaddafi  , Diana Titik
Published: August 2023

Based on the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution, it has been clearly stated that the purpose of the Republic of Indonesia is to protect the entire Indonesian nation and all of Indonesia's bloodshed, promote public welfare, educate the nation's life, implement world order based on freedom, eternal peace and social justice. The police have an important role in the state order, where the role of the police is to assist the state in enforcing the regulations contained in the law. One of the rules enforced by the police is the rules in traffic, considering that the mobilization of people with vehicles is increasing rapidly, the greater the conflicts that occur in the world of traffic. This also applies to the Riau Islands Regional Police which is under the auspices of the Riau Islands Police Traffic Directorate.
THE INFLUENCE OF GIVING COMPENSATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE PRODUCTIVITY AT ARIFA MART
Authors: Zaky O K M , Irvan Irvan , Amelia Sari Br.S . Pane Lola , Balqis Putri , Nur Ilham Rico
Published: August 2023

Over time, micro, small and medium enterprises or cooperatives will develop rapidly in the future as they are today, many people are willing to open micro, small and medium enterprises. From several places we visited, we got one of the micros, small and medium enterprises, precisely in Blang Pulo, called ARIFA MART. The ARIFA MART business itself has been established since 2017 which is located in Blang Pulo. The name ARIFA MART is also taken from the names of people, namely Arif, Anis, Fatlan. The number of Arifa Mart employees is 25 people, starting from cashiers, goods carriers, and outside guards. With 25 employees, Arifa Mart does 2 work shifts morning – afternoon and afternoon – evening. Arifa Mart has been running its business for about 6 years now, with never a few visitors, Arifa Mart is also well known among the public or students. The method used in this research is quantitative. The results of this study, it can be concluded that more compensation will be given if the employee can work with high loyalty.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION LEVEL, WORK PERIOD AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON SERVICE QUALITY AND JOB SATISFACTIONAS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN VILLAGE DEVICES ON KUNDUR ISLAND KARIMUN DISTRICT
Authors: Afrizal Afrizal , Ngaliman Ngaliman , Satriawan Bambang , Khaddafi Muammar
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of education level, years of service and information technology on service quality and job satisfaction as an intervening variable for village officials on Kundur Island, Karimun Regency. The method used was a questionnaire and distributed to 122 respondents. statistical data analysis using SEM PLS (structuralequation modellingpartial least squares) and using path analysis to examine the pattern of the relationship between the influence of the dependent and independent variables, both direct and indirect effects with smart pls 3.0 software. The research results showeducation level has a direct effect on job satisfaction with a p-value of 0.000, tenure has an indirect effect on job satisfaction with a p-value of 0.658, information technology education level has a direct effect on job satisfaction with a p-value of 0.000, job satisfaction has a direct effect on service quality with a p-value of 0.001, education level has a direct effect on service quality with a p-value of 0.008, tenure has a direct effect on service quality with a p-value of 0.009, information technology has a direct effect on service quality with a p-value of 0.018 , job satisfaction mediates the relationship between education level and service quality with a p-value of 0.009 <0.05,Job satisfaction mediates the relationship between tenure and service quality with a p-value of 0.006 <0.05, and job satisfaction mediates the relationship between information technology and service quality with a p-value of 0.004 <0.05.
Characterization of Goat Husbandry Practices in Dollo Zone, Somali Regional State Ethiopia
Authors: Abdilahi Abdi , Abdimahad Kawnin , Mahamed Abdulahi
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to characterize goat husbandry practices in Dollo zone, Somali Regional state, Ethiopia. Three districts namely Warder, Danod and Daratole were purposively selected based on the goat production potential. Three kebeles were also purposively selected from each district based on the goat production potential. The relevant data for this study were collected through semi-structured questionnaire applied on 156 sample households, key informants interviews, focus group discussions and personal observations the study revealed that the major available water sources in wet season were dams/ponds (92.9%) and pipe water (7.1%), whereas, rig water (65.4%), water wells (17.8%) and dams/ponds (16.7%) were major water sources in dry season and watering frequency of goats varied according to the season, with the dry season having a higher watering frequency due to the inaccessibility of watering points within short distances. The major feed sources for goats during wet season were natural pasture and fodder trees with 63.5% & 36.5%, respectively. On the other side, the major sources of feed in the dry season were natural pasture (42.3%) followed by fodder trees (30.8%) and crop residues (26.9%), respectively. Goats were housed in an open kraal enclosed with branches of acacia tree which don’t protect them from extreme weather conditions. The majority (75.6%) of the goat owners practiced an uncontrolled breeding system. Ethno-veterinary practices through use of herbal and non-herbal ways were practiced in the study area. Drought, feed shortage, water shortage, diseases, predators, and market problems were the major constraints that hindered goat production in the study area. Therefore, the study suggests the need for improving the overall management practices of goats to enhance productivity through awareness creation and extension service. The study also suggests further studies on the implications of suboptimal husbandry practices on goat production and productivity.
Giant biloma following a blunt abdominal trauma: A rare case report and review of litterature
Authors: KAMAL DOUAA , KACIMI OMAR , TABAKH HOURIA , TOUIL NAJWA , SIWANE ABDELLATIF , CHIKHAOUI NABIL
Published: August 2023

Post-traumatic biloma is a rare complication of closed trauma of the abdomen. It’s characterized by an abnormal intra- or extrahepatic bile collection occurring spontaneously or secondary to traumatic or iatrogenic injury to the biliary system. It can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed promptly and properly managed. We report the case of a 22-year-old male, brought to the emergency department following a high-speed motorbike accident. He underwent an urgent laparotomy for a Grade 4 liver injury. On day 28 post injury the patient presented with progressive dyspnea, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. A biloma was diagnosed with computed tomography (CT) scan. The patient underwent conservative management by percutaneous drainage under ultrasound guidance. Following this procedure, the patient made satisfactory postoperative progress. the drains were removed two weeks later, with practically no drainage. Ultrasound exams were performed two weeks then one month following his discharge, showing a significant resolution of the biloma.
Evaluating the Relationship between Body Mass Index and Heart Disease: An Analysis of Smoking’s Modifying Role
Authors: Alqahtani Saeed
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims:
Heart disease is a global health concern, with risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, body mass index, and smoking playing a major role in its development. The study aims to examine the impact of smoking on heart disease risk, particularly in underweight individuals, and to assess how other factors such as age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol levels can modify this risk.

Methods:
This study uses a cross-sectional approach and employs Python libraries such as Pandas, Matplotlib, and Scipy to analyze data. The relationship between smoking and heart disease in different Body Mass Index (BMI) groups was investigated using a chi-square test.

Results:
The results of the study suggest that smoking is a major contributor to the risk of heart disease or heart attack, regardless of body mass index (BMI). The findings emphasize the need for individuals to quit smoking in order to reduce their risk of heart disease or attack, particularly for those who are underweight.

Conclusions:
The results have implications for public health and healthcare systems and may require increased efforts to promote healthy lifestyle habits that maintain a normal BMI.
The association between perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain during e-learning among health-profession students
Authors: Almuwais Afrah , Almalki Raghad , Aljuaid Joud , Hantoul Mariam , Alnajim Noura , Akotaibi Madawi , Alqabbani Samiah
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims:
Musculoskeletal pain is among students’ most common complaints while learning. University students report high-stress levels, which is a risk factor for developing musculoskeletal problems. Shift¬ing from face-to-face learning to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic may have increased college students’ time spent on computers. This increase may lead to musculoskeletal problems. This study aimed to assess the correlation between musculoskeletal pain, stress, and time spent on e-learn¬ing among female university students.

Methods:
Participants were recruited through an online survey examining demographic data, students’ attitudes, the ‘Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire’ and the ‘Perceived Stress Scale’. The survey was distributed, through university email lists and social media, to medical college students at Princess Noura bint Abdulrahman University in Saudi Arabia.

Results:
Respondents’ musculoskeletal symptoms during the seven days previous to their responses were present at the neck (55%), lower back (48%), shoulders (43%), and upper back (34%). A positive, significant, weak correlation between musculoskeletal symptoms and total time spent on e-learning (p = 0.27, p < 0.01) and stress (p = 0.3, p < 0.01). Students with high-stress scores and negative attitudes toward e-learning had more musculoskeletal pain intensity.

Conclusions:
Respondents’ high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms appears to be affected by the high stress levels associated with health-profession students’ time spent on e-learning. Students’ negative attitude toward e-learning correlates with both musculoskeletal pain and stress levels.
Study on prescription pattern in acute myocardial infarction in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Gadappa Manisha , Tamboli Saleem , Chawre Sanjeevani
Published: August 2023

Background: Prescription pattern monitoring studies refer to drug utilization studies that primarily examine the prescribing, dispensing, and administration of medications to promote the rational use of drugs.

Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the prescription patterns among patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) who were admitted to intensive care unit of a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in 201 acute MI patients. Patients’ demographics, clinical history, laboratory and imaging findings, the name of the drug (brand name or generic name), dosage form, and percentage of drugs prescribed from the WHO and National Essential Medicine List were noted.

Results: In the present study, the majority of the study participants (73.14%) belonged to the age group of 41–65 years, with male predominance (60.20%). Most patients reported having a mixed diet (49.26%) and were from rural areas (63.68%). Aspirin, clopidogrel, and atorvastatin were prescribed to all the patients, followed by pentazocine (70.42%) and streptokinase. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 62%, while percentage of drugs prescribed from the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (2021) and National Essential Drugs List (2022) was 70% and 68%, respectively.

Conclusion: The present study findings revealed that the majority of patients belonged to the age group of 41–65 years, with male predominance. The present study revealed a low percentage of prescriptions with generic names, indicating a pressing need to revise the prescription standards in tertiary care hospitals.
Influence of virus abundances in donor colonies and nurse hives on queens of Apis mellifera during the rearing process
Authors: Beims Hannes , Janke Martina , Ohe Werner , Steinert Michael
Published: August 2023

Background:
Honeybees are one of the three most important animals for mankind. In order to safe and increase numbers of bee colonies for pollination, breeding of queens is necessary. For several decades, bees were selected on economic and behavioral aspects. With the appearance of the neozootic mite Varroa destructor beekeepers were forced to adapt their methods. V. destructor can act as a vector for many different bee pathogenic viruses and by this potentiates its devastating impact.
Aim:
Methods of rearing queens were not evaluated since the mites’ appearance. Beside scientific approaches, viruses received too little attention in regard to the rearing process of honeybee queens. Herein, we present a detailed analysis of virus abundances (Aparavirus, ABPV; Triatovirus, BQCV; Cripavirus, CBPV; and Iflaviruses, DWV, SBV, VDV-1) in breeding hives, donating first instar larvae, hives that are nursing these larvae until the pupa stage, and on queens of A. mellifera in a breeding apiary.
Methods:
Nurse and donor colonies of the queen rearing process were sampled in the year 2020 and analyzed by RT qPCR. Virus quantifications were correlated with queen mortalities and seasonal effects.
Results:
Virus detections increased in reared queens, however, the elevated virus titers did not increase the mortality of the queens until their exclosure. Moreover, we observed a lower interrelation between virus abundance in queens and their original donor colonies, than between nurse hives and their nursed queens.
Conclusion:
The bee pathogenic viruses ABPV, BQCV, CBPV, DWV, SBV and VDV-1 do not influence the mortality of bee queens during the rearing process. Whether respective virus loads result in sublethal or long-term effects remain to be elucidated.
In vitro toxicity of combination of Amitraz and Carvacrol on Demodex canis
Authors: Fereydooni Sina , Arfaee Farnoosh , Youssefi Mohammad , Gharib Fatemeh , Tabari Mohaddeseh
Published: August 2023

Background:
Canine generalized demodicosis is an inflammatory skin disease, which usually has time-consuming and frustrating treatments.
Aim:
The present study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of carvacrol as a green drug and a combination of carvacrol and amitraz on Demodex canis mites and investigate mite's survival lifetime.
Methods:
Mite samples were collected from a dog affected by demodicosis and had been diagnosed with deep skin scrapings. The motility of mites was examined by using optical microscopy. Samples were tested with Carvacrol 5%, the combination of Carvacrol 5% + Amitraz 0.05%, Amitraz 0.05% as a positive control, and mineral oil as a negative control. The interval time between the adding the test solutions and the moment the last mite ceased was defined as the survival time in the samples and the killing times of mites in each group were compared with each other.
Results:
It was determined that after administration of a 5% concentration of Carvacrol, lethal effects were faster than the combination solution of Carvacrol 5% + Amitraz 0.05%, and the survival times in the control groups were longer than in both treatment groups.
Conclusion:
Carvacrol as one of the most important bioactive terpenes, had the most effective in vitro miticidal activity and it seems that Carvacrol alone or in combination with Amitraz can be suggested as a possible therapy in the treatment of canine demodicosis.
Effects of high-dose docosahexaenoic acid supplementation as an add-on therapy for canine idiopathic epilepsy: A pilot study
Authors: Yonezawa Tomohiro , Marasigan Cris , Matsumiya Yuki , Maeda Shingo , Motegi Tomoki , Momoi Yasuyuki
Published: August 2023

Background:
The anti-epileptic effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in dogs and humans remain controversial. The dosage and efficacy of DHA were various in the previous reports.
Aim:
The effects of high-dose DHA supplementation as add-on therapy for idiopathic epilepsy in dogs were evaluated.
Methods:
An open-label clinical trial was designed in this pilot study. Six dogs (median age: 6 years) with idiopathic epilepsy were included. All the patients were diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy using magnetic MRI and cerebrospinal fluid examination (median: 2.0 years before the trial). They had 5–45 seizures and/or auras (median: 9.0) in the month before starting DHA supplementation. DHA was adjunctively administered at doses of 69–166 mg/kg/day without changing other prescriptions.
Results:
Four of the six patients completed the 6-month observation period. All the patients showed a decrease in seizure frequency of 50% or more within 2–3 months after the start of the administration, and three patients decreased to a frequency of 0–1 per month after 5–6 months. No clear adverse events were observed in the general condition or blood test results in any patients.
Conclusion:
Although the sample size was small and the study was not a randomized controlled trial, the data suggest that add-on supplementation of DHA could be useful in reducing the frequency of seizures in canine idiopathic epilepsy.
Evaluation of antiseizure medications including zonisamide in feline idiopathic epilepsy at a referral hospital in Japan
Authors: Yoshida Shino , Maeda Shingo , Yonezawa Tomohiro , Motegi Tomoki
Published: August 2023

Background:
Idiopathic epilepsy in cats is a more common disease than previously thought, but little information is available about the medical treatment of feline idiopathic epilepsy.
Aim:
To assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of antiseizure medication (ASM) for a minimum of six months, including zonisamide (ZNS), in feline idiopathic epilepsy at a referral hospital in Japan.
Methods:
Twenty cats diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy treated with ASMs were retrospectively included.
Results:
Nine cats that were finally treated with phenobarbital (PB) monotherapy reached the primary goal (the seizure frequency after the treatment intervention was less than one seizure every 3 months). Three cats were treated with ZNS monotherapy and two reached the primary goal. Eight cats finally received combination therapy. Two of the three cats receiving PB and ZNS therapy achieved the primary goal, but one was considered no responder. Five cats (PB + diazepam (DZP), ZNS + DZP, and ZNS + levetiracetam + DZP) decreased the seizure frequency and reached the primary goal in all but one cat reached the secondary goal. Adverse events were observed in eight patients, but these were curable. Two patients had vomiting after ZNS monotherapy, one had diarrhea, and another was an increase in sleeping hours.
Conclusion:
PB was frequently used and seemed effective as both monotherapy and combination therapy. Some cats were treated with ASM protocols containing ZNS. ZNS may be available to treat idiopathic epilepsy in cats. However, ZNS administration may cause adverse events, such as gastrointestinal toxicity, in cats.
The development and use of an inactivated vaccine against animals trichophytosis
Authors: Umitzhanov Mynbay , Imanbaev Aitkali , Janabekova Gulmira , Dzhangabulova Ainur , Usmangaliyeva Symbat
Published: August 2023

Background:
The annual increase in the number of camels entails a parallel increase in the incidence of trichophytosis, which poses a great threat to the health and life of both this species of animals and other organisms that contact and surround them.
Aim:
The aim of the study was to develop and establish the quality of vaccines inactivated by ultrasonic exposure for the prevention and treatment of trichophytosis in camels, and to compare them with chemically deactivated vaccines.
Methods:
The peculiarity of the technology of production of these vaccines was the use of an innovative method of inactivation of fungal strains by ultrasonic waves, which allowed to achieve high positive results in theory, and was subsequently confirmed in practice by immunizing sick and healthy animals. The first tests of the obtained vaccines were conducted in laboratory conditions on experimental rabbits.
Results:
The results of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations were one hundred percent positive, which made it possible to conduct further tests directly on camels of industrial farms, the expected result of which was also positively confirmed at the end of the research.
Conclusion:
As a result of this experiment, the effectiveness, stability and safety of the manufactured vaccines were established, which made it possible to approve the regulatory and technical documentation and patent them as an innovative and effective development for the prevention and treatment of camel trichophytosis, which will reduce the growth of infection and further overcome the mass spread of the disease both among camels and among the surrounding organisms to which it is transmitted.
Sperm abnormality and infertility in male mice treated with the recommended dose of dimethoate and its double
Authors: Sasi Samira , Alghoul Nagia , Awayn Nuri , Elghoul Ahmed , Prastiya Ragil
Published: August 2023

Background:
Dimethoate (DM) is one of the most important organophosphate insecticides used for controlling many pests which affect vegetables, fruits and agricultural crops, its persistence in soils and crops could cause a health hazard to humans as well as other non-target organisms.
Aim:
This study was conducted to evaluate effect of the recommended dose and its double of dimethoate (DM) on sex hormones, sperm morphology and fertility of adult male mice.
Methods:
Twenty-seven Swiss albino adult male mice were divided into three groups of nine animals each: control group received distilled water only, while other groups received DM orally at doses (0.1 and 0.2 ml DM /100 ml distilled water) for 20 days, at the end of the treatment, six mice from each group were sacrificed. The sperm morphology was evaluated and sex hormones were measured. Three mice from each group were allowed to mate with untreated females (1: 2).
Result:
The results revealed a decrease in LH level in mice treated with (0.2 ml DM /100 ml distilled water) compared with control group while the levels of FSH and testosterone did not record any significant differences. Also, the results demonstrated a significant increase in abnormal sperm morphology such as head and tail. The fertility reduced and average number of dead embryos increased while the average number of live embryos decreased.
Conclusion:
This current study confirmed that DM has detrimental effects on sperm morphology, fertility and the embryos, therefore, more efforts should be exerted to protect ourselves and our environment from the harmful effects of this pesticide.
XÂY DỰNG BỘ THÍ NGHIỆM SỬ DỤNG TRONG DẠY HỌC CHỦ ĐỀ "PHƯƠNG TRÌNH TRẠNG THÁI" – CHƯƠNG TRÌNH 2018 – NHẰM PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC THỰC NGHIỆM CỦA HỌC SINH
Authors: Loan Nguyễn Thanh , Long Lê Nhật
Published: August 2023

Dạy học phát triển năng lực thực nghiệm vật lí là một trong những nhiệm vụ quan trọng khi triển khai Chương trình giáo dục phổ thông 2018. Thông qua việc chế tạo bộ dụng cụ thí nghiệm đáp ứng việc dạy học phát triển năng lực của học sinh và áp dụng vào dạy học thực tế, bài nghiên cứu nhận thấy các thành tố năng lực thực nghiệm của học sinh có sự tiến bộ và cải thiện. Bộ dụng cụ thí nghiệm được chế tạo đã góp phần giải quyết những khó khăn về mặt dụng cụ thí nghiệm hiện có và đáp ứng mục tiêu phát triển năng lực thực nghiệm của học sinh, phù hợp để sử dụng dạy học theo Chương trình giáo dục phổ thông 2018.
ĐIỀU TRA SỐ ỨNG DỤNG DROPBOX TRÊN CÁC MÁY TÍNH CHẠY HỆ ĐIỀU HÀNH WINDOWS 10
Authors: Hoàng Văn Thiên , Trường Trần Văn Đan , Nhân Đặng Văn Thành
Published: August 2023

Trong thế giới kết nối Internet ngày nay, các máy tính ngày càng được sử dụng nhiều hơn để truy cập dịch vụ lưu trữ đám mây, dịch vụ cho phép người dùng truy cập dữ liệu mọi lúc, mọi nơi. Tuy nhiên, các thiết bị này là mục tiêu được nhắm đến bởi tội phạm mạng để thực hiện các hoạt động độc hại, chẳng hạn như xâm nhập dữ liệu, cài đặt phần mềm độc hại, đánh cắp danh tính, vi phạm bản quyền, khủng bố mạng. Do đó, máy tính là một nguồn bằng chứng quan trọng trong việc các cơ quan điều tra tìm ra tội phạm. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi thực hiện điều tra số ứng dụng Dropbox, một dịch vụ lưu trữ đám mây phổ biến, trên nền tảng hệ điều hành Windows 10 (một trong những hệ điều hành phổ biến và có số lượng người sử dụng nhiều nhất). Chúng tôi cố gắng xác định các dữ liệu còn sót lại mà cơ quan điều tra có thể quan tâm, chẳng hạn như thông tin được tạo ra trong quá trình đăng nhập, tải lên, tải xuống, xóa và chia sẻ tệp. Những phát hiện cũng như kết quả mà chúng tôi đạt được có thể hỗ trợ cho cơ quan chức năng dễ dàng lấy được dữ liệu bằng chứng từ ứng dụng DropBox trên Windows 10.
PHÂN TÍCH VÀ KIỂM CHỨNG KIẾN TRÚC HAYSTACK TRONG MẠNG XÃ HỘI FACEBOOK
Authors: Thúy Lê Thị , Việt Bùi Quốc
Published: August 2023

Haystack là một kiến trúc hệ thống lưu trữ được tối ưu hóa cho ứng dụng ảnh của Facebook, Haystack có bốn ưu điểm chính so với hệ thống trước đó bao gồm, thông lượng cao và độ trễ thấp, khả năng chịu lỗi, chi phí hiệu quả và tính đơn giản. Với việc sử dụng rộng rãi của kiến trúc Haystack trong Facebook, thì tính hợp lệ của nó và các thuộc tính chính yếu khác được trừu tượng hóa từ kiến trúc này cần phải được phân tích và kiểm chứng trong một tiếp cận chính xác. Bài viết tập trung vào thiết kế bên trong việc xử lý và tải nạp một bức ảnh của kiến trúc Haystack và áp dụng đại số tiến trình CSP để phân tích chúng một cách chi tiết. Bằng cách đưa các mô hình vào bộ công cụ phân tích tiến trình PAT để kiểm chứng một số tính chất quan trọng, bao gồm tính chất cơ bản và tính chất bổ sung. Tính chất cơ bản bao gồm Deadlock Freedom. Các tính chất bổ sung bao gồm truy cập tương tranh, truy cập tương tranh không đồng bộ, truy cập tương tranh với cùng một máy khách, tải nạp tương tranh và tải nạp tương tranh với cùng một máy khách. Cuối cùng, theo kết quả kiểm chứng, chúng tôi thấy rằng từ góc độ CSP, các tính chất của kiến trúc Haystack là hợp lệ, có nghĩa là nó đáp ứng các yêu cầu theo tài liệu của Facebook.
Ebû Hanîfe ve Matürîdî’ye Göre İman-Amel Bağlantısı
Authors: SARIBULAK Zekerya
Published: August 2023

Hz. Peygamber döneminde iman kavramı ve kapsamına giren ögeleriyle bağlantısının niceliğinde herhangi bir ihtilaf olduğuna dair kaynaklarda bir kayda rastlanmamaktadır. Sahâbe döneminde Müslümanlar arasında vuku bulan savaşlar, büyük günah sahibi kişinin durumu ile ilgili birçok tartışmaya yol açınca, dinin en temel noktasının ifadesi olan bu kavramın kapsamı ve niceliğinde tartışma ve ihtilaflar ortaya çıkmıştır. Öyle ki, bu tartışmalar bazı kelâmî mezheplerin oluşum nüveleri olmuştur. İlk dönemde ileri sürülen muhtelif iman tariflerinin pratikteki karşılığı İslâm toplumunu tefrika ve kargaşaya düşürecek kadar etkili olabilmiştir. Hâriciyye fırkasının imanı kalp ile tasdik, dil ile ikrar ve azalarla amel esaslarından müteşekkil kabul etmesi ve her bir esası imanın eşit ağırlıkta birer ögesi şeklinde görmesi, tasdik ve ikrarın varlığı halinde bile amelde meydana gelen taksiratın küfür sayılmasına yol açmıştır. Böylece bu tarifteki amel, imanı tamamlayan bir öge olunca, iman, inkâr kavramının zıt anlamlısı şeklinde anlaşılmıştır. Bazı fırkalar ise imanı sadece dilin ikrarı şeklinde tarif ederek ameli imanla bağlantılı görmemişlerdir. Birinci yönelimde mevcut kavramlar arasındaki bağlantı şiddete, ikincisinde ise ibadetlerde ilgisizliğe yol açmıştır. Bu sebeple başta Ebû Hanîfe ve Matürîdî olmak üzere bazı kelâmcılar karşı tezler üretmişlerdir. Ebû Hanîfe’ye göre, iman kalbin tasdiki ve dilin ikrarı olan iki ögeden oluşmaktadır. Bu ögelerin birbiriyle bağlantısı zorunlu değildir. Zira ikrah ve dilsiz olan kişinin imanı geçerlidir. Bu sebeple ona göre iman kalbin tasdikidir, ikrar ise tasdikin varlığının ifadesidir. Böylece tasdik temel, ikrar ise tali bir öge olarak imanla bağlantılıdır. Amel ise imanın oluşmasında etkili bir öge değildir. Ancak tamamen bağımsız da değildir. Naslarla belirlenmiş bağlayıcı farizalardır. Birçok farizanın olmadığı Mekke döneminde vefat eden mü’minlerin durumu ve her bir peygamberin şeriatinin farklı olması bunu göstermektedir. Matürîdî’ye göre tasdik imanın tek temel esasıdır. İkrar tasdiki ifade etmesi hasebiyle tasdikle bağlantılıdır. Amel ise imanın bir cüz’ü değildir. Böylece her ikisinin de iman tarifinde tasdik temel esas ikrar ikinci dereceden önemsenmiş bir esas olmakla beraber amel tarifte yer almamıştır. İşte bu çalışmada Ebû Hanîfe ve Matürîdî’ye göre iman, amel ve iki kavram arasındaki bağlantının niceliği ele alınmıştır. Her ikisinin de ameli imanın bir cüz’ü şeklinde değil, mü’min kişinin nas ile sabit olan sorumlulukları şeklinde gördükleri anlaşılmıştır. Onlara göre, ameldeki taksirat mü’mini dinden çıkarmaz. Zira amel, iman edildikten sonra farz kılınmış ve kişinin ameldeki taksiratının karşılığı Allah’ın dilemesine bağlanmıştır.
Abbâsî Şairi Ebû Temmâm’ın Şiirlerinde Ahlakî Tespit ve Tavsiyeler
Authors: ARSLAN Adnan
Published: August 2023

Abbâsîler dönemi Arap şiiri hakkında bilgi veren tüm edebiyat tarihi kaynaklarının ismine temas etmeden geçemediği Ebû Temmâm (ö. 231/846), el-Hamâse adlı eseriyle kendisinden önceki Arap şairlerinin şiirlerinden bir seçki derlemiştir. Bu seçkide yer alan şiirlerin önemli bir kısmı şairlerin hayat tecrübeleri ve ahlaki tespitlerini içeren hikmetli söz ve anlam içeren beyitlerden müteşekkildir. Ebû Temmâm’ın el-Hamâse adlı eserinde yer verdiği hikmet şiirleri, onun kendine ait divanında yer alan kasideleri içerisinde azımsanmayacak sayıda hikemî beyitler serpiştirmesinde etkili olmuştur. Kendinden önceki şairlerin ahlaka dair tespitleri ve hayata bakışlarını yansıtan düşünceleri onun şairliğinde iz bırakmıştır. Bu iz takip edildiğinde Ebû Temmâm’ın insanı ve toplumu iyi gözlemleyebilen bir şahsiyete sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada şairin bu kabilden beyitlerindeki ahlakî tespit ve tavsiyelerinin içerik bakımından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ebû Temmâm gibi ibretamiz tespitleriyle Arapların sözlü kültürünün zenginleşmesinde büyük bir katkısı olan şairin ahlakiyata dair değerlendirmelerinin Arap şiiri araştırmaları açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmüştür. Çalışmada, Ebû Temmâm'ın hikemî şiirlerinde en çok yoğunlaştığı anlamlar, tasvire dayalı bir yöntemle başlıklar halinde sunulmuştur. Ebû Temmâm’ın şiirlerine bakıldığında onun sıklıkla gayretli olmak, çaba sarf etmek, azim ve kararlılıkla çalışkanlıktan taviz vermemek gibi konulara temas ettiği görülmüştür. Ahlaka dair pek çok tespiti bulunan şair, Müslüman birey için zaruri olan tevekkül ve kanaate teşvik sadedinde tavsiyelerde bulunmuştur. Şairin divanında tespit ve tavsiye ettiği ahlaklardan birisi de kişinin azimli olmasıdır. Karar verdiği meselede kişi, zihnini tereddütlerden arındırmalı ve hedefine doğru arkasına bakmadan koşmalıdır. Kişi, belirli bir hedefe doğru giderken azmini kıran olumsuzluklar yaşadığında çoğu zaman amacına ulaşamayacağına dair vesveselere kapılır. Şair, olumsuzluk gibi görünen şeylerin belki de amaca ulaşmak için birer vesile olabileceğine dair bazı teşviklerde bulunmuştur. Ebû Temmâm, kişinin gayretini olumsuz etkileyen haset ehline kulak asmamak gerektiğini başarılı ve etkili bir üslupla dile getirmiştir. Sonuç olarak Ebû Temmâm’ın, çoğunluğu methiye temalı olan kasidelerinde bütünlüğü bozmadan aralara ahlakî tespit ve tavsiyelerini serpiştirmekte başarılı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Teşbih ve istiare gibi söz sanatlarıyla birbirinden çok uzak olan nesne ve figürler arasında kurduğu anlam ilişkileri sözlerine imgesel zenginlik katmıştır. Bu suretle şair, hayat tavsiyelerini etkili ve ikna edici kılmış, Arapların günlük hayatına nüfuz edecek seviyede izler bırakmıştır. Şairin bu tarzdaki beyitlerinin daha kapsamlı bir okumayla incelenmesi ve ahlakiyata dair şiirlerinin tercüme edilerek Türk okurla tanıştırılması bu çalışmanın bir tavsiyesidir.