bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vegetation of highly disturbed conifer forests around Murree, Pakistan
Authors: KHAN Afsheen , AHMED Moinuddin , AHMED Farid , SAEED Rafat , SIDDIQUI Faheem
Published: April 2020

This phytosociological investigation is conducted in various disturbed forests around Murree hills. The main purpose of study is to explore community types, associated ground flora and their relation to soil characteristics. Eight community types and two monospecific tree stands have been recognized as follows: Pinus wallichiana (pure), Pinus roxburghii (pure), Pinus wallichiana-Quercus baloot, Pinus wallichiana-Cedrus deodara, Pinus wallichiana-Abies pindrow, Pinus wallichiana-Quercus dilatata, Quercus dilatata-Cedrus deodara, Pinus roxburghii-Pinus wallichiana, Pinus roxburghii-Cedrus deodara, Pinus roxburghii-Quercus dilatata. Pinus wallichiana dominates monospecifically in 8 stands while Pinus roxburghii -Pinus wallichiana community types found at 5 locations. Pinus wallichiana formed community type with Cedrus deodara and Abies pindrow at 4 locations separately. Highest stand density achieved in Pinus wallichiana-Cedrus deodara and Pinus roxburghii-Quercus dilatata community i.e. 128 trees/h. Highest basal area (48.06 (m²/ha) recorded from Pinus wallichiana (pure) stands. Pinus wallichiana-Pinus roxburghii communities correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with tree density. Range of DO. pH, Temperature, Conductivity, Salinity, ORP and chemical parameters in each community type has also shown and discussed.
H2O2-induced Greenhouse Warming on Oxidized Early Mars
Authors: Ito Yuichi , Hashimoto George L. , Takahashi Yoshiyuki O. , Ishiwatari Masaki , Kuramoto Kiyoshi
Published: April 2020

The existence of liquid water within an oxidized environment on early Mars has been inferred by the Mn-rich rocks found during recent explorations on Mars. The oxidized atmosphere implied by the Mn-rich rocks would basically be comprised of CO2 and H2O without any reduced greenhouse gases such as H2 and CH4. So far, however, it has been thought that early Mars could not have been warm enough to sustain water in liquid form without the presence of reduced greenhouse gases. Here, we propose that H2O2 could have been the gas responsible for warming the surface of the oxidized early Mars. Our one-dimensional atmospheric model shows that only 1 ppm of H2O2 is enough to warm the planetary surface because of its strong absorption at far-infrared wavelengths, in which the surface temperature could have reached over 273 K for a CO2 atmosphere with a pressure of 3 bar. A wet and oxidized atmosphere is expected to maintain sufficient quantities of H2O2 gas in its upper atmosphere due to its rapid photochemical production in slow condensation conditions. Our results demonstrate that a warm and wet environment could have been maintained on an oxidized early Mars, thereby suggesting that there may be connections between its ancient atmospheric redox state and possible aqueous environment.
Necroplanetology: Simulating the Tidal Disruption of Differentiated Planetary Material Orbiting WD 1145+017
Authors: Duvvuri Girish M. , Redfield Seth , Veras Dimitri
Published: April 2020

The WD 1145+017 system shows irregular transit features that are consistent with the tidal disruption of differentiated asteroids with bulk densities

and bulk masses

. We use the open-source N-body code REBOUND to simulate this disruption with different internal structures: varying the core volume fraction, mantle/core density ratio, and the presence/absence of a thin low-density crust. We allow the rubble pile to partially disrupt and capture lightcurves at a specific point during the disruption at cadences comparable to those from ground-based photometry. As a proof-of-concept we show that varying these structural parameters have observationally distinguishable effects on the transit lightcurve as the asteroid is disrupted and compare the simulation-generated lightcurves to data from Gary et al. With the caveat that our simulations do not model the sublimation in detail or account for its effects on orbital evolution, we find that a low core fraction and low mantle/core density ratio asteroid is most consistent with the stable transit feature present for multiple weeks circa 2016 April (referred to as G6121 in Gary et al. and A1 in Hallakoun et al.). Connecting tidal disruption simulations to photometry suggests characteristics for the interior structure and composition of an exoplanetary body, information that is only possible because we are observing the death of the planetary system in action. All-sky survey missions such as TESS and LSST will be able to detect other systems like WD 1145+017, creating a sample of subjects for a new subfield of planetary science: necroplanetology.
The Role of Quasar Radiative Feedback on Galaxy Formation during Cosmic Reionization
Authors: Chen Huanqing
Published: April 2020

Recent observations have found that many z ∼ 6 quasar fields lack galaxies. This unexpected lack of galaxies may potentially be explained by quasar radiation feedback. In this paper, I present a suite of 3D radiative transfer cosmological simulations of quasar fields. I find that quasar radiation suppresses star formation in low-mass galaxies, mainly by photodissociating their molecular hydrogen. Photo-heating also plays a role, but only after ∼100 Myr. However, galaxies that already have stellar mass above 105
M
⊙ when the quasar turns on will not be suppressed significantly. Quasar radiative feedback suppresses the faint end of the galaxy luminosity function (LF) within 1 pMpc, but to a far lesser degree than the field-to-field variation of the LF. My study also suggests that by using the number of bright galaxies (

 < −16) around quasars, we can potentially recover the underlying mass overdensity, which allows us to put reliable constraints on quasar environments.
Doppler Imaging and Differential Rotation of σ2 Coronae Borealis Using SONG*
Authors: Xiang Yue , Gu Shenghong , Cameron A. Collier , Barnes J. R. , Christensen-Dalsgaard J. , Grundahl F. , Antoci V. , Andersen M. F. , Pallé P. L.
Published: April 2020

We present new Doppler images of both components of the double-lined binary σ
2 CrB, based on the high-resolution spectroscopic data collected during 11 nights in 2015 March–April. The observed spectra form two independent data sets with sufficient phase coverage. We apply the least-squares deconvolution to all observed spectra to obtain high signal-to-noise mean profiles, from which we derive the Doppler images of both components of σ
2 CrB simultaneously. The surfaces of both F9 and G0 components are dominated by pronounced polar spots. The F9 component exhibits a weak spot at latitude 30° and its mid-to-low latitudes are relatively featureless. The G0 star shows an extended spot structure at latitude 30°, and its surface spot coverage is larger than that of the F9 star, which suggests a higher level of magnetic activity. With the cross-correlation method, we derive a solar-like surface differential rotation on the G0 star of σ
2 CrB for the first time, and the surface shear rate is ΔΩ = 0.180 ± 0.004 rad days−1 and α = ΔΩ/Ωeq = 0.032 ± 0.001. We do not obtain a clear surface shear law for the F9 star due to the lack of mid-to-low latitude features, but detect a systematic longitude shift of high-latitude spots, which indicates a slower rotation with respect to the corotating frame.
Flare Energy Release at the Magnetic Field Polarity Inversion Line during the M1.2 Solar Flare of 2015 March 15. II. Investigation of Photospheric Electric Current and Magnetic Field Variations Using HMI 135 s Vector Magnetograms
Authors: Sharykin I. N. , Zimovets I. V. , Myshyakov I. I.
Published: April 2020

This work is a continuation of Paper I and is devoted to the analysis of nonthermal electron dynamics and plasma heating in the confined M1.2 class solar flare SOL2015-03-15T22:43, revealing energy release in the highly sheared interacting magnetic loops in the low corona, above the polarity inversion line (PIL). The aim of the present work is to perform the first extensive quantitative analysis of the photospheric magnetic field and photospheric vertical electric current (PVEC) dynamics in the confined flare region near the PIL using new vector magnetograms obtained with the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory with a high temporal resolution of 135 s. Data analysis reveals sharp changes of the magnetic structure and PVEC associated with flare onset near the PIL. It is found that the strongest plasma heating and electron acceleration are associated with the largest increase in the magnetic reconnection rate, total PVEC, and effective PVEC density in the flare ribbons. Observations and nonlinear force-free field extrapolations show that the magnetic field structure around the PIL is consistent with a tether-cutting magnetic reconnection (TCMR) geometry. We give a qualitative interpretation of the observed dynamics of the flare ribbons, magnetic field, PVEC, and electron acceleration within the TCMR scenario.
Intravenous Administration is the Best Route of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration in Improving Liver Function Enzyme of Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Putra Agung , Rosdiana Ika , Darlan Dewi M. , Alif Iffan , Hayuningtyas Fitri , Wijaya Indriani , Aryanti Rita , Makarim Fadhli Rizal , Antari Arini Dewi
Published: April 2020

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate and transmigrate to acute liver failure (ALF) area due to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulation as an attractant molecule then actively giving the paracrine signaling and or differentiating into primary hepatocytes, however the best route of MSCs transplanted to liver injury area remains unclear.

 

Aim: In this study we compare intravenous (IV) and intraperitoneal (IP) route of MSCs administration by analyzing serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and bilirubin level as improvement markers of liver function and VEGF as attractant-proliferation molecule on days 2 and 5.

 

Materials and methods: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 200 g were used in this study. They were divided in three study groups: vehicle control, IP and IV groups. The IV group was treated by MSCs at dose 1×106 by lateral tail vein injection and IP group received 1×106 MSCs via IP injection. The level of SGPT, SGOT and bilirubin were measured by an automatic analyzer, the VEGF level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the CD73 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.

 

Results: This study showed that IV injection of MSCs was more efficient for increasing liver function than IP treatment group that confirmed by the observed significant decrease in SGPT, SGOT and bilirubin level on days 2 and 5 (p<0.001). This effect was most likely mediated by the significant increase of VEGF level (p<0.05) on days 2 and 5.

 

Conclusion: Our result conclude that an IV administration of MSCs was more efficacious than the IP administration for liver injury  regeneration. 
Subterranean biodiversity and depth distribution of myriapods in forested scree slopes of Central Europe
Authors: Haľková Beáta , Tuf Ivan Hadrián , Tajovský Karel , Mock Andrej
Published: April 2020

The shallow underground of rock debris is a unique animal refuge. Nevertheless, the research of this habitat lags far behind the study of caves and soil, due to technical and time-consuming demands. Data on Myriapoda in scree habitat from eleven localities in seven different geomorphological units of the Czech and Slovak Republics were processed. Based on previous studies, as well as knowledge of cave and soil fauna, it was hypothesised that the occurrence of a varied and peculiar fauna would show a pattern of depth distribution with variations due to local specificities. From 2005–2016 (at least one year on each site), macrofauna was collected via sets of three long-term exposed subterranean traps consisting of 110 cm long perforated tube, with ten cups located in a gradient at 5–95 cm below the soil surface. In total, 14 symphylans (not identified to species level), 271 centipedes (23 spp.) and 572 millipedes (32 spp.) were sampled. The overall depth distribution of centipedes and millipedes appeared to have relatively similar pattern, with both groups being found at all depth levels. Nevertheless, this pattern depends on locations. The depth distribution trend lines are mostly in the form of an asymmetric ‘U’, with decreased abundance until the middle of the gradient, followed by increase in the deepest levels. Epigeic species were sporadically distributed along the whole depth gradient, but concentrated at the soil surface, while some subterranean species, such as the centipede Lithobius lucifugus and the millipedes Geoglomeris subterranea, Cibiniulus slovacus and Archiboreoiulus pallidus, were recorded in the deepest parts of the gradient. This characterises the debris community as a mixture of soil and subterranean species with an absence of species exclusively found in caves. The use of different fixation methods in traps had a significant and selective impact on samples; millipedes were either attracted by ethylene glycol or repelled by formaldehyde. Centipedes were also captured more frequently in ethylene glycol; however, the species composition varied in each of the fixatives. Depth distribution of myriapods was similar in both fixative solutions. Traps with these fixatives could be recommended for similar ecological studies.
La transmission de la fécondité dans le contexte béarnais, du XVIII e au XX e siècle
Authors: Darlu Pierre
Published: April 2020

Après une recension des divers travaux publiés dans la littérature depuis le début du xx e siècle sur la question de la transmission intergénérationnelle de la fécondité, les données généalogiques d’un village du Béarn recueillies entre 1652 à 1975 sont présentées et mises à profit pour calculer les variations du nombre d’enfants « utiles », c’est-à-dire ceux qui, à leur tour, ont des enfants, et les corrélations entre la fécondité des parents et celle de leurs enfants. Ces calculs sont présentés en fonction de la période, du statut professionnel des unions, des conditions de transmission de leurs biens (la « maison » et les terres) et du degré de parenté généalogique. Il en ressort que la corrélation entre le nombre d’enfants utiles des parents et celui de leurs enfants est la plus élevée dans les familles d’agriculteurs ayant hérité de la « maison » et possédant des boucles de parenté dans leur ascendance. Ces résultats peuvent être interprétés comme relevant d’une stratégie assurant la stabilité temporelle des structures de la société dans le contexte rural et culturel particulier du Béarn.
Arkan ad dawlé, Directeurs généraux, bureaucratie et survie de l’État pendant la guerre civile
Authors: France Pierre
Published: April 2020

Alors que l’idée d’« État failli » est battue en brèche concernant le Liban depuis plusieurs années, la littérature n’a que peu exploré deux éléments à ce titre : un objet qu’est la bureaucratie libanaise, et une période qu’est celle de la guerre civile, pourtant associée d’ordinaire à la destruction de l’État et à la milicianisation de celui-ci. Cet article se propose de réétudier l’un et l’autre à partir de la figure du « directeur général » et d’un travail par entretiens et sur archives effectué au Liban de 2014 à 2019. « Patrons » des administrations avant-guerre, ces figures offrent prise à une réflexion croisée sur le devenir d’une figure sociale d’avant-guerre, particulièrement aux reconversions identitaires, à leur sens pratique en situation, et à la variabilité des capitaux qui leurs sont attachés ; sur les dynamiques structurelles qui peuvent amener à la nécessité du maintien d’une activité étatique dans la guerre ; sur les « déformations » de l’État, dans son architecture globale, son activité quotidienne, ses ressorts sociaux d’avant-guerre (clientélisme et patrimonialisme notamment) comme ses porosités à des acteurs extérieurs.
Désinvestir la mémoire : le cas d’étude du musée Beit Beirut
Authors: Reder Emeraude
Published: April 2020

Cetarticle propose une étudedu processus de transformation de l’immeuble Barakat, symbole de la guerre civile libanaise, en un « musée de la mémoire de la ville de Beyrouth ». Il dresse un panorama des principaux acteurs (Municipalité de Beyrouth, Comité Scientifique du projet, représentants de la société civile libanaise etc.) et examine les luttes d’influence inhérentes au projet depuis sa création. Les travaux de réhabilitation, lancés en 2008 et achevés en 2016, ont souffert de multiples blocages politiques qui n’ont eu de cesse de fragiliser Beit Beirut. L’ensemble de ces blocages témoignent partiellement des difficultés à faire émerger un lieu de mémoire de la guerre civile au cœur de la capitale libanaise. Au-delà, ils mettent en lumière les défaillances des pouvoirs publics dans la mise en œuvre du projet. À ce jour, le musée qui n’est toujours pas ouvert de façon permanente est néanmoins réinvesti à l’initiative d’artistes, d’associations et organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG).
« On continuera la Bataille d’Alger ». Réactivation du passé et réactivité contestataire dans le mouvement démocratique algérien de 2019
Authors: Chena Salim
Published: April 2020

Le 16 février 2019, à Kherrata, une grande marche populaire s’opposait au cinquième mandat brigué par A. Bouteflika. Ce mouvement démocratique s’est ensuite étendu à l’ensemble du territoire national. Cet article propose d’analyser comment celui-ci a pu durer plus d’un an, de manière pacifique, en revenant sur son recours à l’histoire nationale et sur la réactivité de ses slogans et revendications. Pour expliquer cette caractéristique, il procède par une étude de la place du hirak dans l’histoire de la contestation en Algérie et de sa sociologie.
Troyes/Augustobona, cité des Tricasses
Authors: Kasprzyk Michel , Roms Cédric , Delor-Ahü Anne , Driard Cyril
Published: April 2020

Les interventions archéologiques des dix dernières années ont multiplié les fenêtres d’observation sur la ville antique d’Troyes/Augustobona. Elles semblent confirmer l’existence d’une agglomération de la fin de l’âge du Fer, attribuable au peuple de Sénons, antérieure à la ville augustéenne. Elles montrent le développement d’une trame urbaine orthonormée à la fin du règne d’Auguste dans laquelle les formes de l’occupation sont pour l’essentiel de tradition laténienne. La seconde moitié du ier s. voit la construction d’un probable sanctuaire périurbain et le développement de modes de construction de tradition méditerranéenne.
Anthropology and diplomacy
Authors: Vienne Emmanuel de , Nahum-Claudel Chloé
Published: April 2020

Diplomacy is today undergoing rapid change, shaken by new populisms, seismic shifts in the balance of world powers, the digital revolution, planetary crisis and declining confidence in institutions of world governance that were conceived in a more hopeful era. Far from offering another idealistic solution, this introduction sketches a theorization anchored in the comparison of empirical case studies that lie outside of classic definitions of diplomacy, centred on relations between states. By privileging a pragmatic and interactionalist approach, and through attention to the particular political inventiveness of the vanquished, it aims to identify some commonalities across diverse diplomatic situations, namely a particular relation to violence (not always one of exclusion), the invention of rituals that model, in miniature, the world, and the destabilizing imitation of the other.
Cybersecurity Standardisation for SMEs
Authors: Ozkan Bilge Yigit , Spruit Marco
Published: April 2020

There are various challenges regarding the development and use of cybersecurity standards for SMEs. In particular, SMEs need guidance in interpreting and implementing cybersecurity practices and adopting the standards to their specific needs. As an empirical study, the workshop Cybersecurity Standards: What Impacts and Gaps for SMEs was co-organized by the StandICT.eu and SMESEC Horizon 2020 projects with the aim of identifying cybersecurity standardisation needs and gaps for SMEs. The workshop participants were from key stakeholder groups that include policymakers, standards developing organisations, SME alliances, and cybersecurity organisations. This paper highlights the key discussions and outcomes of the workshop and presents the themes, current initiatives, and plans towards cybersecurity standardisation for SMEs. The findings from the workshop and multivocal literature searches were used to formulate an agenda for future research.
Motor competence of brazilian preschool children assessed by TGMD-2 test: a systematic review
Authors: Santos Guilherme dos , Silva Mellina Maria do Lago Manso , Villanueva Martín Dario , Júnior Josael Pereira da Silva , Cattuzzo Maria Teresa , Ré Alessandro Hervaldo Nicolai
Published: April 2020

The Gross Motor Development Test (TGMD-2) is a discriminant and norm-referenced test used to assess the competence level of children aged 3 to 10 years. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the results of Brazilian studies that examined the motor development of preschool children using the TGMD-2 test, considering the different regions of Brazil, as well as to analyze the results related to the factors associated with the performance in the test TGMD-2; we reviewed the LILACS and SCIELO databases using the term "TGMD-2" as the descriptor, searching for original published studies from 2007 to 2018, with full text available, in the Portuguese and English languages, which evaluated motor performance in preschool children using TGMD-2; data extraction included items: first author, local, periodical, objectives, design, sample characteristics, test performance results and related factors; quality of the studies was also evaluated. The ten studies included in the review indicated differences in motor performance in different regions. Signs of better motor performance were found in children of private school and who practice physical activity guided by a physical education professional.
Examining offensive tactical actions performed by youth soccer players with different competitive contexts
Authors: Jaime Matheus Oliveira , Kim Insook , Menegassi Vanessa Menezes , Rechenchosky Leandro , Magossi Marcos , Kravchychyn Claudio , Rinaldi Wilson , Borges Paulo Henrique
Published: April 2020

The study examined offensive tactical actions performed by U-15 soccer players with different competitive levels. 34 matches played by three different levels of U-15 soccer clubs were used; brazilian national (BN), brazilian regional (BR), and italian national (IN). Five categories where used to analyze the soccer offensive actions: "number of players involved" (NJ), “ball touches” (NT), “passes” (NP), “corridor changes” (NTC), and “duration of ball possession” (TRA); the results were coded using Match Vision Studio® software. The BN presented higher values in all five offensive categories (p < 0.05) when compared to the IN. Multinomial regression evidenced relative contributions of NJ and NP on the chances of results in the BN. The increase of one player involved in the offensive action decreases by 84% the chances of “total success” with respect to “unsuccessful” (p < 0.05). The performance of each additional pass increases 4.9 times the chance of the play ending in “total success” and 4.7 times (p < 0.05) in “partial success” when compared to the “unsuccessful” category. The NJ in the action and the NP have a direct influence on the outcome of the offensive actions of the BN.
Comparison of tests to evaluate the vertical rebound jump in basketball players
Authors: Luna Yasmim Siqueira , Couto Bruno Pena , Cavalcante Margarida Deuza , Gonçalves Reginaldo , Szmuchrowski Leszek , Soares Ytalo Mota
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to compare the vertical rebound jump performance of basketball players by using Hurdle Jump and Drop Jump tests based on different performance parameters, in addition to investigating whether the height of the hurdles used (barrier and box) are equivalent when the optimal and maximum heights for the tests mentioned are determined. Thirteen players of a male basketball team were included in this study (age 18.77 ±1.78 years old, height 182 ±7.97 m, body mass 76.4 ±9.55 kg, practice time 6.0 ±1.8 years). Data normality and homogeneity were tested by applying Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests, respectively.  The paired t-test was used to compare the means of the results obtained in the tests; the significance level was p ≤ 0.05. The results regarding the comparison of the performance parameters means were the following: the maximum vertical rebound  jump and reactive strength index did not show significant differences (p = 0.256 and p = 0.243, respectively); on the other hand, differences were seen for the corresponding obstacle heights. These differences can be attributed to both, individual characteristics of each subject and the specificities of the tests.
Assessing the Timemania Lottery as a sports public policy
Authors: Silva Dirceu Santos , Silvestre Bruno Modesto , Amaral Silvia Cristina Franco
Published: April 2020

This paper analyses the main results of Timemania as a sports public policy based on the efficiency, efficacy and social effectiveness principles. A descriptive-analytical research with qualitative approach was conducted through the analysis of contents from laws and official reports. Results suggest that the Timemania lottery was neither efficacious nor efficient, as it did not achieve the initial goals as to its revenues and debt payment for clubs. Timemania was not effective and did not significantly impact sports development. Finally, it is possible to conclude that Timemania, as a regulatory policy, fulfills the sole role of ensuring financial injection for major Brazilian football clubs.
Prática de atividade física e participação esportiva associadas à violência em adolescentes: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Da Costa Bruno Gonçalves Galdino , Lopes Marcus Vinicius Veber , Pizani Juliana , Silva Kelly Samara
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo conduziu uma revisão da literatura que com o objetivo de investigar a relação entre a prática de atividade física (AF) e de esportes com violência e agressão entre adolescentes. Uma busca estruturada foi conduzida em três bases de dados (PubMed, Web of Science e Scielo) utilizando três campos de busca para população (adolescentes), AF/esportes e vioência/agressão. Dos 618 estudos encontrados, 555 foram selecionados por título e resumo, 63 foram lidos na íntegra e 24 foram incluídos para análise. Foi observada uma prevalência de 83% de estudos transversais, e o tamanho das amostras variou entre 210 e 71854 adolescentes. Medidas de violência e AF/esportes foram diversas. Dentre os 24 estudos analisados, seis não encontraram relação entre AF/esportes e violência, oito verificaram que AF/esportes foram fator de proteção, e 15 identificaram uma relação positiva entre AF/esportes e violência. Os achados sugerem que AF/esportes estão relacionados a uma maior exposição a conflitos e comportamentos agressivos, que podem escalar para outras relações fora do contexto da atividade feita. Contudo, o tipo de AF e o contexto parecem ter um importante papel na promoção de conflitos, com atividades coletivas com conflito direto, como futebol, oferecendo maior chance de promover agressividade comparados com atividades individuais sem conflito direto.
Noise and sleep quality: study among physical education instructors
Authors: Silva Luiz Felipe , Carnevali Maria da Penha
Published: April 2020

This study investigated the association between noise and impaired sleep quality in 150 physical education instructors, in bodybuilding gyms. Two questionnaires were applied: evaluation of subjective sleep quality and analysis of explanatory variables. Noise exposure was analyzed. For the data analysis, was used the technique of non-conditional logistic regression, to obtain the values of the adjusted odds ratios (OR) of the significant variables. Two proper adjustment models stood out. The first model presented the significant variables: incorrect performance of the meals (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.08 to 6.02); skin color – black ou brown (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.12) and exposure to noise level above or equal to 80 dB(A) (OR = 1.90; 95% CI 0.87 to 4.12). The second model presented the significant variables: incorrect performance of the meals (OR = 2.35, 95% CI 0.1 to 5.56); exposure level standardized above or equal to 80 dB(A) (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 0.92 to 4.47) and use 0of drugs for depression/anxiety (OR = 0.26; 95% CI 0.53 to 1.33). This research identified the variables that were significantly associated with impaired sleep quality, as exposure to noise, contributing to the adoption of preventive measures.
Prediction of cardiorrespiratory fitness by screen time in schoolchildrens
Authors: De Oliveira Amanda , Guilherme Flávio Ricardo , Dos Santos Stevan Ricardo , Fávero Maria Teresa Martins , Guilherme Vânia Renata , Rinaldi Wilson
Published: April 2020

The time spent in front of the screens, results in accumulations of sedentary behavior, which is related to health damages to adolescents, such as a low cardiorespiratory fitness. In this sense, this study aimed to predict cardiorespiratory fitness through screen time in schoolchildren. Cross-sectional study, as a sample composed of 2.764, of which 1.370 boys and 1.394 girls between 10 and 18 years old were the public school system of Paranavaí, Paraná, Brazil The self-report questionnaire was used to estimate screen time (ST) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) was estimated using the 20-meter multi-stage test, and to verify the predictive power of the screen time in relation to CF, the Roc curve was used. The results showed that screen time was considered a good predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness in boys (weekdays, weekends and all week), and in general (boys and girls) only for weekdays (Monday to Friday). In the survey, the screen time cut-off for boys on weekdays was 137 minutes  (CI: 65-43), at weekends of 165 minutes (58-51) and general of 156 minutes (64-45). For the general sample (girls and boys), the cut bridge on weekdays was 142 minytes (64-44). For the girls the screen time had no predictive power (CI> 0.50) and consequently the cut-off point was not verified. Thus, it can be concluded that the screen time in boys and in general (only weekdays) was able to predict cardiorespiratory fitness and that this variable of easy application can be an important tool to predict CF in the school environment.
PREDIÇÃO DO TEMPO DE REALIZAÇÃO DE EXPERIMENTO EM FILTRO PRENSA: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DE DADOS EMPÍRICOS E TEÓRICOS
Authors: Barbosa dos Reis Arlete Barbosa , Ferreira Nunes Isabela , Almeida Rocha Bruna , Prado Alves Geovanina , Brumano Coelho Amaral Igor
Published: April 2020

A filtração é um método de separação mecânica de partículas por meio do uso de um meio filtrante, com objetivo de dissociar partículas sólidas presentes em um líquido. Entre os tipos de filtração, destacam-se o filtro a vácuo e o filtro prensa, que possuem diferentes escalas e aplicações.  O filtro a vácuo pode ser utilizado como uma escala de bancada para determinar condições ótimas de operação em um filtro prensa, evitando assim, testes em grandes escalas. A filtração em escala de bancada foi realizada utilizando 1 L da solução de carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3), e os experimentos para a determinação de parâmetros como resistividade da torta e resistência do meio filtrante, foram realizados com o tecido “jeans”. A partir da teoria da filtração de tortas incompressíveis, foi possível estimar a relação entre o tempo de filtração e a área do meio filtrante, com ensaios realizados num filtro à vácuo. Ajustando o tempo de filtração em um filtro prensa de volume igual a 20 L para as mesmas condições de concentração e meio filtrante, obteve-se, como predição, o tempo esperado para filtração da suspensão igual a  8min e 47s utilizando uma área de filtração equivalente a 0,16 m², tendo sido, por fim, obtido o tempo total de filtração de 6 min e 23s. Logo, o resultado obtido encontra-se dentro do tempo esperado para a filtração, considerando que as diferenças operacionais do filtro prensa causam uma melhoria experimental em relação ao filtro a vácuo.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ENERGÉTICAS DA TORTA DE CRAMBE INDUSTRIAL APÓS EXTRAÇÃO DE ÓLEO PARA BIODIESEL
Authors: Da Silva Robson Leal , Azevedo Chaves Correia Matheus , Seye Omar
Published: April 2020

A produção de biodiesel no Brasil utiliza mais de 75% da soja como matéria-prima, cujo teor de óleo é ~24%, enquanto que para o crambe alcança ~40%. A torta de crambe (~60% do peso original) é biomassa residual no processo de extração do óleo, que permanece sem destinação comercial adequada visto inadequação como alimento quando in natura. O objetivo é investigar as características energéticas da torta prensada de crambe identificando potencial valorização deste coproduto para conversão em energia térmica. Amostras de crambe após processamento industrial em fábrica de biodiesel foram analisadas quanto à composição química imediata e elementar, bem como massa específica aparente e poder calorífico superior e inferior (PCS e PCI). As principais conclusões obtidas são: PCS de 22 MJ.kg-1 é ~20% superior ao do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar, teor de umidade reduzido e demais parâmetros de qualidade energéticos (TCF, TMV e composição elementar para C, H e O; em oposição ao elevado teor de cinzas, TCZ~6%), indicam características favoráveis ao uso deste coproduto como combustível sólido. A densificação poderia viabilizar o armazenamento, transporte e comercialização da torta de crambe industrial na forma de peletes ou briquetes, visando aplicações com fins de aproveitamento de energia. Assim, identifica-se a torta de crambe com potencial para agregar valor econômico na cadeia produtiva do biodiesel.
ANÁLISE DE QUEBRA DE GRÃOS DE MISTURAS DE SOLO COM RESÍDUOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL PARA CAMADAS DE PAVIMENTO
Authors: Nascimento Leide Herllane Ferreira do , Kuhn Vinicius de Oliveira , Moraes Simone , Correia Natalia
Published: April 2020

Os agregagos de resíduos da construção civil e demolição (RCD) possuem grande potencial de aplicação em obras de drenagem e pavimentação, quando atendidos os requisitos previstos pelas normas técnicas vigentes. Pesquisas apontam para a possível quebra de grãos mediante esforços de compactação no campo. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade de uso de RCD e mistura solo-RCD em camadas de pavimentos, bem como uma avaliação da potencial quebra dos agregados durante o processo de compactação e após análises de Índice de Suporte Califórnia (CBR) e compressão edométrica. Os limites de consistência indicaram o RCD como redutor de plasticidade. Através dos resultados obtidos constatou-se que o RCD e a mistura solo-RCD atendem aos requisitos de CBR e expansão para reuso como material de reforço do subleito, sub-base e até base de pavimentos para determinados teores de umidade. Na análise de quebra, identificou-se menor resistência do RCD em relação a mistura solo-RCD. Os índices de quebra determinados mostraram mudanças na distribuição granulométrica do RCD e da mistura solo-RCD como dependentes do teor de umidade do material. Os resultados indicaram que a quebra dos grãos ocorre com maior intensidade para os agregados do RCD em altas tensões, sugerindo o uso da mistura solo-RCD.
LEVANTAMENTO DE MANIFESTAÇÕES PATOLÓGICAS NOS CAMPUS I E JK DA UFVJM: OLHAR SOBRE OBRAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Amaral Igor Brumano Coelho , Vieira Luiz Henrique Lopes , Donato Felipe Coelho , Martins Igor de Castro , Dos Reis Arlete Barbosa
Published: April 2020

Edificações estão sujeitas ao aparecimento de patologias, porém, fatores como técnicas ineficientes e falta de mão de obra qualificada acarretam maior frequência na ocorrência. Neste artigo, analisaram-se os dois campus da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri da cidade de Diamantina-MG, o Campus I, construído no ano de 1953, e o Campus JK, de construção recente (2006). No que diz respeito às obras públicas, após a Lei Federal Nº 8.666/1993 a maioria dos projetos passou a tomar como proposta mais vantajosa a que apresentasse menor custo, comprometendo em muitos casos a qualidade dos materiais e serviços, tornando mais frequente as manifestações patológicas em prédios públicos. Dessa forma, este trabalho apresenta uma análise e comparação das manifestações patológicas mais frequentes nos dois campi, levando em consideração a diferença de idade entre eles, haja vista que foram construídos com diferentes leis vigentes. Foi feito um levantamento qualitativo dessas manifestações e o impacto nas edificações, observando a presença em ambos os campus, alguns com problemas patológicos graves.
GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DE ARTEFATOS DE CONCRETO
Authors: Benatti Cláudia Telles , Maia Filho Wilson Catosso , Yutani Rafael Lucas
Published: April 2020

A competitividade cada vez maior do setor da construção civil tem levado a busca pelo aumento da produtividade e qualidade das obras. Neste contexto, a utilização de alvenaria estrutural e vedação com blocos de concreto vem se fortalecendo, principalmente na construção de edificações residenciais, impulsionando a produção de pequenas indústrias. Na produção destes artefatos ocorre uma geração de resíduos que precisam ser gerenciados adequadamente a fim de reduzir os impactos da poluição, degradação ambiental e possíveis danos à saúde humana, bem como atendimento a legislação vigente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um diagnóstico qualitativo e quantitativo da produção de resíduos em uma indústria de pequeno porte de artefatos de concreto. Contabilizou-se a produção diária e mensal da indústria, os materiais utilizados e os resíduos gerados. Os resíduos foram caracterizados conforme a norma NBR 10004/2004 da ABNT para fins de classificação. A análise dos resultados obtidos indica que não havia um gerenciamento adequado de resíduos no local, sendo os mesmos dispostos de forma irregular no solo. Por fim, foram indicadas ações para a adoção de práticas adequadas de manejo dos resíduos, visando a sustentabilidade do processo e o atendimento a legislação em vigor.
ESTUDO DA ESTABILIDADE OXIDATIVA DO BIODIESEL A PARTIR DO ÓLEO DE PEQUI APÓS DIFERENTES TEMPOS DE FRITURA
Authors: De Oliveira Carlos de Jesus , Feroldi Michael , Cremonez Paulo André , Teleken Joel Gustavo
Published: April 2020

O biodiesel é biocombustível que apresenta alta biodegradabilidade, baixa emissão de poluentes ande seu uso não exigi modificação nos motores de injeção por compressão Diesel já existentes. No entanto, a manutenção da qualidade do biodiesel esbarra em sua maior suscetibilidade aos processos oxidativos durante longos tempo de estocagem. Atualmente inúmeras pesquisas vem estudando a influência das características físico-químicas e presença de antioxidantes na matéria-prima na qualidade e na resistência do biodiesel aos processos oxidativos. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência da qualidade do óleo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) após ser submetido a diferentes processos termoquímicos na estabilidade oxidativa do biodiesel. Notou-se que o aumento gradativo do período de exposição do óleo ao processo de cocção, coincidiu linearmente com perda da qualidade das misturas de ésteres para as variáveis analisadas. Por conseguinte, a melhor qualidade entre as amostra analisadas foi a proveniente do óleo de pequi in natura. Resultado esse, indica que o óleo de pequi in natura pode ser uma alternativa de produção de biodiesel no território brasileiro.
CALCULATION OF STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTORS OF PLATES UNDER TENSION VIA COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPED
Authors: Nonato Raphael Basilio Pires
Published: April 2020

Stress concentration factors (SCFs) for some set of fixed geometrical and loading cases can be obtained experimentally, analytically, and computationally. In order to accomplish this, tables and charts that relate a geometrical ratio and a specific type of loading with their correspondent stress concentration factor are commonly available. Although these resources are abundantly accessible for the most common cases, their reading and interpretation processes often imply parallax error. To overcome this difficulty, the approximate or interpolated equations may be applied. However, the application of the adequate equation in a non-structured manner can be time consuming when there are several cases to be calculated within the context of a whole design. Thus, the study of two geometrical cases of plates under tension in elastic range enabled the comparison of SCFs obtained from three sources: (a) chart reading; (b) approximate proven equations; and (c) specific computer program developed by the author. In addition, the program provides the user with the nominal and the maximum stresses for both cases. Results provided by the software were then validated through the comparison with the approximate equations applied in the mathematical modelling of the experimental charts.
Interview with Simon McNorton, Better Delivery Team Leader, UK Department for International Development, British Embassy Beirut
Authors: Jean Fania
Published: April 2020

Simon McNorton lives in Beirut, Lebanon, where he works for the UK's Department for International Development (DFID). McNorton heads a team that ensures effective delivery of the UK's £90m bilateral aid package to Lebanon. He has held roles with DFID as a researcher and evaluation adviser based in East Africa and in the UK, following two years as a Senior Research Officer at the UK's Department for Work and Pensions. McNorton graduated from the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration in 2013 with a MasterÃ•s in Public Policy and a concentration in International Development and Program Evaluation. His capstone team delivered an evaluation framework for Teachers Without Borders global disaster response education. During his graduate study and earlier in his career, McNorton worked for the National Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce in DC as a Senior Policy Fellow, and spent two years in the Public Affairs Team at Stonewall, the UK's leading lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights charity. Immediately prior to his graduate study, McNorton spent a year working on social justice programs in Rajasthan, India. He completed his undergraduate study at the University of Salford in Manchester in the UK in 2006. In February 2020, Fania Jean interviewed McNorton for Policy Perspectives.
Reconsidering the Challenges of Earmarked Taxes for Highways
Authors: Gellman David
Published: April 2020

A prominent theme in US federal infrastructure policy is the near-term insolvency of the Highway Trust Fund (HTF), the dedicated financing stream for highways and public transit. The HTF is projected to exhaust its reserves by 2022 and require more than $170 billion in cumulative general revenue transfers by 2029, leading to widespread funding uncertainty for nationally-significant surface transportation infrastructure and a dramatic increase in the national debt. This paper examines three countries - Japan, England, and Australia - that chose to eliminate earmarked taxes for highways and examines whether their infrastructure benefited as a result. International outcomes were mixed as to whether federal investments in highways and road quality remained robust following the intervention. But such a solution, with stringent safeguards, could provide an answer to the HTF solvency issue in upcoming surface transportation reauthorization legislation.
Exploring Women's Entrepreneurship and Poverty: Necessity versus Opportunity Motivations
Authors: Hall Simone
Published: April 2020

What is the relationship between entrepreneurship, economic growth, and poverty? Women choose to become entrepreneurs or self-employed for different reasons in developed countries such as the United States and Sweden, with varying effects on poverty and economic growth. This paper explores the motivations behind entering the entrepreneurial space for women, differentiating between opportunity (taking actions to create a new venture following a perceived business opportunity despite other options to earn a living) and necessity (becoming involved in entrepreneurial activities due to a lack of other options to earn a living) motivations. It also highlights entrepreneurship's relationship with poverty and economic growth, while providing recommendations on how to encourage opportunity entrepreneurship and reduce poverty while discouraging necessity entrepreneurship.
Ticagrelor: A Safe Option as Part of Triple Therapy?
Authors: Farooq Mohammad Umar
Published: April 2020

Patients with atrial fibrillation who have concurrent coronary artery disease requiring percutaneous coronary intervention are subsequently prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation resulting in triple therapy (TT). Ticagrelor, a reversibly binding P2Y12 antiplatelet agent, has shown superiority to clopidogrel in prevention of ischemic events and death, but is also associated with a small increase in the incidence of intracranial bleeding. This bleeding risk may be enhanced in the setting of TT. The objective of this report is to describe a case of a 70-year-old male prescribed TT with ticagrelor and to review the current literature on the safety of ticagrelor as a part of TT.
Allogenic bone graft for femoral defect augmentation in hip revision arthroplasty: A case series
Authors: Wirries Nils , Skutek Michael , Örgel Marcus , Budde Stefan , Derksen Alexander , Windhagen Henning , Flörkemeier Thilo
Published: April 2020

Cortical bone loss in revision hip arthroplasty requires an adequate stabilization to achieve a durable implant fixation. This case series shall illustrate possible indications for the use of allogenic grafts in revision hip arthroplasty. Twelve patients with femoral bone loss were treated with allografts. In addition to established clinical scores, the radiological follow-ups were analyzed for hints of implants loosening and the osteointegration of the allografts. After a mean follow-up of 3.0 years the mHHS was 61.3 points and the UCLA 3.8. One patient showed a non-progressive radiolucency around the hip implant. The osteointegration of all allogenic grafts happened on time. Up to the last follow-up no revision surgery of the hip implants and the associated femoral bone graft was observed. Allogenic bone grafts present a method for biological stabilization in situations of large femoral cortical bone defects in revision hip arthroplasty.
Evaluation of two different types of radial head prosthesis in practical use. Using either Evolve® or MoPyC® radial head prosthesis in the treatment of comminuted radial head fractures
Authors: Raven Tim Friedrich , Banken Lukas , Schmidmaier Gerhard , Studier-Fischer Stefan , Biglari Bahram , Moghaddam Arash
Published: April 2020

The aim of this retrospective study was to undertake a comparative evaluation of the Evolve® modular metallic radial head implant prosthesis and the MoPyC® pyrocarbon prosthesis in acute care. Seventyfive patients having a comminuted radial head fracture with an Evolve® prosthesis (=G1) and 11 with a MoPyC® prosthesis (=G2) were available for a follow-up. Postoperative patient outcomes were evaluated according to a standardized follow-up protocol which included the Morrey rating system. Assessment criteria were range of motion (ROM), functional scores, and rate of complications. G1 showed a mean Morrey score of 86 points. Four direct prosthesis complications were observed in this group (n=75). The average achieved Morrey score in G2 was 84 points. In this group (n=11), 2 direct prosthesis complications were diagnosed. The average range of motion did not differ greatly between both groups. Radial head replacement with either prosthesis yielded sufficient to satisfactory results in a mid-term perspective regarding the range of motion and function of the elbow joint when performed in carefully selected patients. The Evolve® Prothesis appears to show a slightly lower rate of complication by way of a similar functional outcome.