bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Machine Learning Models for Identification of Heart Diseases
Authors: Inam Ullah  , Azhar Imran  , Areesa Ashfaq  , Muhammad Adnan
Published: October 2022

Cardiovascular illnesses have surpassed disease as the leading cause of death in industrialized, emerging, and underprivileged countries in recent decades. The mortality rate can be lowered through early detection and effective care of cardiac diseases. However, reliable detection of heart disorders in all conditions and serving doctors with 24-hour medical consultations are not possible since they require more intelligence, time, and talent to train the computer for a specific duty. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms may have a substantial impact on the lives of those who are afflicted with chronic diseases. In this work, we used artificial intelligence to create a hybrid model for the prediction of cardiac disease and flags for prevention. The goal of this research was to develop a prediction model that can identify and characterize a patient's illness. We used data of 68975 patients from the University of California, Irvine's repository and trained several algorithms for CVD illness prediction. In our simulation maximum classifiers have achieved the greatest accuracy, which is a huge accomplishment for our research team. Our proposed hybrid ML algorithm framework improved CVD prediction performance when compared to previously offered prediction models. The proposed methods are decision tree and random forest models, which have a 99.98% accuracy for training, followed by support vector machine, which has a 99.30% accuracy followed by other classifiers which yield higher results in comparison. Pre-existing CVD history was considered the most important factor determining the prediction model's accuracy. Our findings reveal that our CVD prediction model based on machine learning techniques developed for health screening datasets is simple to apply and more accurate. Our proposed classifiers have the best accuracy rate.
Allah Membangkitkan Dia: Doa Kepercayaan Mazmur 16 Sebagai Nubuat Kebangkitan Yesus
Authors: Anggoro Antonius Puri
Published: October 2022

The Church learned to believe in God the Father from Jesus. Jesus taught us how to trust the Father in His prayers. Psalm 16 is a prayer of confidence that New Testament writers attribute to Jesus. Jesus, in all his humanity, prayed this psalm with such confidence that he would be able to carry out His Father's will to give Himself as a ransom for many. He died on the cross and went into the grave. Nevertheless, this belief and obedience of Jesus bear the fruit of life. He was raised by the Father and glorified at His right hand. This is conveyed in the teaching of faith by Peter (Acts 2:25-28) and Paul (Acts 13:35). In this formulation, the Church is invited to enter into Jesus' trust in God the Father so that she can share in His resurrection and glory.
Keperdanaan Allah Bapa Dalam Wacana Teologi Kontemporer
Authors: Laksito Petrus Canisius Edi
Published: October 2022

This article is aimed to discuss the rejection of the primacy of the Father in the doctrinal structure of the Trinity emerging in contemporary theology and tries to defend the necessity of a balanced reflection regarding the unity and the plurality of the above doctrine. The teaching of the Fathers of the Church, particularly formulated in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed and held in the Latin Tradition regarding the primacy of the Father as well as the origin of the Son (“begotten, not made; consubstantial with the Father”) and of the Holy Spirit (“who proceeds from the Father and the Son”), as depositum fidei needs to be well conserved. Precisely expressing more maturely and more completely, the mystery of God revealed through the message of Jesus Christ and reflected by the Church following the teaching of the Apostles, this profession of faith is still an expression of authentic faith in God of Jesus Christ.
Serverless Computing - O data center agora é o computador
Authors: Canhizares Filho Valter , Lobato Renata Spolon
Published: October 2022

Recentemente há um aumento no interesse acerca da computação em nuvem, alavancado também pelos novos paradigmas criados pela computação sem servidor. A tecnologia oferece maior facilidade e agilidade ao desenvolvedor de qualquer aplicação, bem como proporcionar redução de custos. Assim, o objetivo principal do estudo é investigar o estado da arte sobre o tema, elencar aplicações e desafios sobre serverless computing, que levanta diversas discussões e avanços na academia e no mercado consumidor.
Biochar and Compost in the Soil: A Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Research
Authors: Virú-Vásquez Paul , Huapaya Pardave Richard , Cesaré Coral Mary Flor , Bravo-Toledo Luigi , Curaqueo Gustavo
Published: October 2022

Biochar is a carbonized material obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass produced in a limiting environment of zero or very low oxygen. Its interest lies in its versatility for different applications in the water treatment, soil pollution, mitigation of greenhouse gases, etc. The synergy of this product with other amendments such as compost has been studied for different applications in the soil, including environmental remediation, crop yield, etc. The aim of the research is to identify the relevant aspects in the scientific literature of biochar, compost and soil through a bibliometric analysis for which 753 articles were selected from the Scopus database, having as keywords “biochar”, “compost” and “soil”. This research used R software, specifically the package Bibliometrix, to analyze descriptive analysis, author sources, document metrics, citation, co-citation analysis, co-occurrence network, co-word analysis, and collaboration analysis. Results showed that Zhang Z is the author with the greatest number of documents, and with a higher H index. Science of The Total Environment, Bioresource Technology, and Agronomy are the 3 topmost relevant sources. The keywords according to bond strength and most frequent use were biochar (538 occurrences), composting (349 occurrences), compost (436 occurrences), charcoal (295 occurrences), soil (255 occurrences). China is the country with the most collaboration. It is hoped that the bibliometric review will help to identify current research trends and provide information on the application of biochar and compost in the soil.
Potential Use of Mango Waste and Microalgae Spirulina sp. for Bioelectricity Generation
Authors: De La Cruz –Noriega Magaly , Rojas-Flores Segundo , Nazario-Naveda Renny , Benites Santiago M. , Delfín-Narciso Daniel , Rojas-Villacorta Walter , Diaz Felix
Published: October 2022

Potential use of organic waste and microalgae generates bioelectricity and thereby reduces harmful effects on the environment. These residues are used due to their high content of electron-generating microorganisms. However, so far, they have not been used simultaneously. Therefore, this research uses mango waste and microalgae Spirulina sp. in double-chamber microbial fuel cells to generate bioelectricity. The cells were made at a laboratory scale using zinc and copper electrodes, achieving a maximum current and voltage of 7.5948 ± 0.3109 mA and 0.84546 ± 0.314 V, with maximum electrical conductivity of the substrate being 157.712 ± 4.56 mS/cm and an optimum operating pH being 5.016 ± 0.086. The cells showed a low internal resistance of approximately 205.056 ± 25 Ω, and a maximum power density of 657.958 ± 21.114 mW/cm2 at a current density of 4.484 A/cm2. This research provides an excellent opportunity for mango farmers and exporting and importing companies because they can use their own waste to reduce their electricity costs when this prototype is brought to a large scale.
Global challenges and scientific research goals
Authors: Mykhaylenko Valeriy
Published: October 2022

largescalechanges in the global system with unpredictablebut significant political and economic consequences aretaking place in front of our eyes. Europe is situated atthe centre of a political and socio-economic crisis thathas exacerbated the key contradictions of long-termdevelopment, deepening conflict between society andnature. The key concepts of the civilized world – theprinciples of democracy, the rule of law and cultural values– are under threat. The Russian military machine isblackmailing the world with a nuclear disaster, causinglarge-scale pollution of the natural environment anddeliberately destroying infrastructure facilities, and thesocial and humanitarian spheres of my country. Accessto energy resources, water and food products is becomingthe means of pressure. Climate change has becomea problem of particular sharpness.
COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections Among Patients with Cancer Receiving Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV Vaccine
Authors: Manteghinejad Amirreza , Arabzadeh Saeedeh , Rezaian Zahra , Sharifi Mehran , Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh
Published: October 2022

Background: Patients with cancer are at an increased risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection. So, they are prioritized for vaccination. However, there is limited data about the immunogenicity, safety, and effectiveness of inactivated vaccines in preventing COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and mortality in patients with cancer. Objectives: This study aimed to report the clinical characteristics of patients who had a positive PCR test after being fully vaccinated with the Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV Vaccine. Methods: In this retrospective study, the data of patients with cancer were extracted from the electronic health records of a cancer center in Isfahan, Iran. All COVID-19 data from Isfahan province also was collected by Isfahan COVID-19 Registry (I-CORE). We described the clinical characteristics of patients with cancer who have a positive test more than 14 days after the second dose. Results: Two hundred twenty-two patients with cancer had at least one positive PCR test after the start of the COVID-19 vaccination. Of these, 9 (4.1%) breakthrough infections have occurred. Six (67%) of them had hematological malignancies. Six (67%) were hospitalized and 3 (33%) patients died. Two of them had recent chemotherapy and have hematological malignancies. Conclusions: Vaccination is a good way to protect the population from COVID-19 complications and mortality, but it should be considered that fully-vaccinated patients with cancer are at risk of severe outcomes. Nevertheless, prioritizing cancer patients, especially those with hematological malignancies, or receiving chemotherapies for booster vaccines and studying the effectiveness of each COVID-19 vaccine for patients with cancer should be considered.
Artificial Neural Network-Based Prediction of Death Anxiety in HIV-Positive Cases through Social Support and Distress Tolerance
Authors: Asadi Fariba , Bakhtiarpour Saeed
Published: October 2022

Background: Distress tolerance has increasingly been used as an important construct to develop a novel insight into the onset and persistence of psychological traumas as well as prevention and treatment. Objectives: The present study investigated the relationship between social support and distress tolerance with death anxiety using artificial neural networks (ANN) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive cases. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all the HIV-positive cases of Ahvaz in 2021. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 91 participants as the research sample. The research instruments included the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Social Support Survey (SSS), and the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). The Pearson correlation coefficient, simultaneous regression, and ANN were used for data analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) of death anxiety, social support, and distress tolerance were 9.07 ± 2.76, 63.78 ± 18.05, and 37.49 ± 12.91, respectively. The results showed a negative correlation between death anxiety, social support, and distress tolerance. Also, there was a significant negative relationship between social support and death anxiety (β = -0.31, P < 0.001). There was also a significant negative relationship between distress tolerance and death anxiety in HIV-positive cases (β = -0.53, P < 0.001). Conclusions: It is now more necessary than ever before to consider the effects of social support and distress tolerance on death anxiety in HIV-positive cases. Apparently, their death anxiety is affected by other factors and their interactive effects.
Design Re-Engineering and Automation for Marine Systems
Authors: Brett Per Olaf , Asbjørnslett Bjørn Egil , Garcia Agis Jose Jorge , Erikstad Stein Ove
Published: October 2022

To succeed in a highly competitive global shipbuilding market, providing the best ship design solutions to the market is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition. In addition, a ship design company must develop and practice a ship development process that creates a profitable business in the longer perspective. This is the focus of the DREAMS (Design Re-Engineering and Automation for Marine Systems) project. DREAMS is a four-year research project at NTNU, with Ulstein, DNV, PonPower and the Norwegian Business School as partners. The overall aim is to improve the competitiveness of Norwegian ship design firms. This includes analyzing existing business and design processes to understand both the impact of individual design activities and the ship design tools' use  and the customer´s perceived value of the ship design process and the requirements of the design documentation to be used In the transactions among relevant stakeholders. Furthermore, the research work considers the resource expenditure in term of time, manhours and direct cost during the ship design process. This exploration will provide the basis for a re-engineered ship design process, including the automation and digitalization, as well as the “right-sizing”, outsourcing, and insourcing of individual design tasks and corresponding expertise and knowledge elements. Improvements should take place in the product, the process, and the organization and shall include conceptual, basic, and detailed engineering design activities. The findings will be implemented in the industry as well as integrated into the curriculum of the naval architecture MSc programme at NTNU, to ensure industry-wide dissemination.

In our proposed paper we will report from the initial findings from the data analysis of past design projects and present our main hypotheses on the structure and content of a future design process that will be re-engineered both on a strategic, tactical, and operational level.
Use of System of Systems Engineering Approach for Ship Design and Task Force Analysis
Authors: Hifi Nabile , Courts Malcolm
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the use of Model-Based Systems engineering methodology and System of Systems Engineering to overcome the challenges associated with the exploration of a wide range of system and subsystem options for a prospective ship design, and the design’s exploitation is described. The paper discusses the use of different tools with an overall goal of producing a combination of optimised systems to meet potential complex needs. These systems manage the interface between the engineering of a very wide selection of potential balanced ship designs (weight, space…), with assessment of the customers’ perceived value of those solutions.

A fundamental difference exists between the engineering synthesis of viable solutions and the assessment of customer value when both are defined as functions of a range of input options. The former displays very strong interdependencies between options, whilst the latter is indifferent to such complications. The engineer will have to consider which combination of systems and subsystems to use in order to achieve the specified requirements; while the customer is only concerned with the final product. As a result of this and problems that can ensue, value assessment of ship designs has traditionally been restricted to a limited number of viable solutions. However, when there is a requirement to explore a wide range of potential options covering a large trade space, alternative approaches based on system of systems approaches become necessary.

The paper introduces tools developed to support warship trade space explorations and the issues that emerge are discussed with reference to experience gained during the development and assessment of some recent illustrative ship concept designs and their potential operational exploitation.
Voyages of a 17th-Century Map of Buenos Aires: From Spies and Sailors to Printers and Scholars
Authors: Favelukes Graciela
Published: October 2022

The proposed paper will present the long and rich life span of a city map of Buenos Aires and its changing settings, by following the many editions of a map first drawn by a French military engineer, Barthelemy de Massiac, that stayed as a prisoner in the city between 1660 and 1662. This example helps to further questions referring to the problem of stability / instability of maps. How do copies and adaptation to different supports or media affect their alleged unicity? How do they travel and what are the effects of their journeys?  The problem may be addressed on the basis of the works on sociology of culture and science by Pierre Bourdieu, and on the history of the book and print culture by Roger Chartier. Although they don´t specifically study maps, their views add to the social and cultural approach to maps of the now classical critical studies in history of cartography by John B. Harley and David Woodward, among others. In this respect, Bourdieu stressed that ideas, books especially (as well as, it can be added, images and maps), travel without their context of production, through appropriations, translations and editions that sustain their circulation in space and, I also add, in time. The work of Roger Chartier also offers ground for this claim, as do his more recent work about images and their life in manuscripts, print and digital records and production. On a more epistemological perspective, attention to these changing supports, media and audiences contributes to rethink Bruno Latour’s definition of maps as immutable mobiles that sustained the making of modern science. I intend to address these issues presenting an example of the many copies, versions, printing of a map and its consequent storing, selling, circulating, archiving and studying, that show both the persistence and mutability of maps in shifting scenarios and readership. Briefly, the map drawn in 1669 by de Massiac lived a broad and long life, travelling from drawing desk to shelves, from print to books, from geography to antiquarianism and tourism, from urbanism to history, along at least 15 different versions and supports made until 1981, always surrounded by doubts about its trustworthiness yet at the same time used as a virtual logotype for the earlier stages of the city of which no other plans survive. Much later, pursue in French archives helped restore its original status as part of a military plan. The significance of recovering its original condition is more fully grasped when we put it into the perspective of its changing appropriations and journeys in time, place and varying scholarship.
Navigating Turbulent Waters: Leading One Manitoba School in a Time of Crisis
Authors: Tamtik Merli , Darazsi Susan
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly changed the practice of school leadership, requiring greater flexibility, creativity, and innovation. Guided by institutional theory, this paper suggests that leadership adaptations are influenced by environmental pressures such as coercive (e.g., from governmental or regulatory agencies), mimetic (e.g., attempts to emulate best practices from other schools), and normative pressures (e.g., professional standards endorsed by professional societies or unions). By using a qualitative co-constructed autoethnographic approach (See Kempster & Iszatt-White, 2012), the paper presents the Covid-19 timeline in Manitoba, identifying stakeholders and associated environmental pressures. It also features the personal leadership adaptations experienced by a school principal (Susan). The findings suggest that coercive pressures are mostly associated with creativity and inventive leadership practices. Mimetic pressures may lead to copying behaviours, and normative pressures are associated with enhanced foundational knowledges, all depending on contextual factors. The findings also highlight the significant emotional and physical toll the pandemic has taken on school principals.
Exploring School Principals’ Experiences During the First Four Months of the Pandemic as a Way to Reimagine Inclusive Education
Authors: Anderson Daniel John , MacCormack Jeffrey , Sider Steve
Published: October 2022

This study involved interviewing Canadian principals (N = 37) to determine how they responded to students with special education needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Yamamoto et al.’s (2014) concept of critical incidents and Heine et al.’s (2006) meaning maintenance model were used to evaluate the transformational power of principals’ pandemic experiences in order to reimagine inclusive education. Findings revealed that these critical incidents broadly fell into four categories: 1) family support and the complications associated with partnering with parents virtually, 2) meeting students’ needs in new and often innovative ways, 3) disparities in student experiences as a result of virtual schooling and 4) responses required in light of logistical and technical challenges.
АКАДЕМИК РАДЕ МИХАЉЧИЋ (1937–2020)
Authors: Бубало Ђорђе
Published: October 2022

Раде Михаљчић, редовни професор у пензији Филозофског факултета Универзитета у Београду, професор емеритус Универзитета у Бањој Луци и редовни члан Академије наука и умјетности Републике Српске, преминуо је 26. марта 2020. у Београду. Та вест тихо је и у неверици прострујала међу његовим ученицима, којима је увек био узор неисцрпне радне и животне енергије.
КОНЦЕПТ УГОВОРА О ПРИЈАТЕЉСТВУ ИЗМЕЂУ КРАЉА ТВРТКА I И ДУБРОВЧАНА
Authors: Драгичевић Павле
Published: October 2022

Рад се бави анализом завршне верзије нацрта уговора о саве- зу између босанског краља Твртка I и дубровачке владе. Овим уговором Тврт- ко I је требало да потврди и оснажи све раније уговоре, споразуме и повластице које је дубровачка влада имала уговорене са ранијим владарима Босне и Србије, а једна од значајнијих одредби била је и та којом се краљу Твртку I, у случају потребе, омогућавало право азила у Дубровнику. У раду су детаљ- није образложене историјске околности које су довеле до преговора о савезу и које су имале утицаја на формулацију појединих одредби. Поред тога, у раду је дато најновије издање текста овог концепта на старосрпском и превод на модерни српски језик.
ДУБРОВАЧКО ПИСМО КНЕЗУ ЂУРЂУ РАДИВОЈЕВИЋУ ПОВОДОМ НОВЧАНИХ ПРОБЛЕМА СА ЊИХОВИМ ТРГОВЦИМА У ДРИЈЕВИМА
Authors: Смиљанић Аранђел
Published: October 2022

Дубровчани су, 3. децембра 1400, упутили писмо кнезу Ђурђу Радивојевићу, изражавајући своје незадовољство његовим односом према њиховим трговцима у тргу Дријева. Власти Општине биле су убијеђене да је узимање добити од њихових трговаца било без одобрења краљ Стефана Остоје. Због тога су у писму молили кнеза Ђурђа да тај новац не троши, док се проблем не ријеши. Упутили су посланство краљу Стефану Остоји, очекујући рјешење проблема. Писмо су завршили још једном молбом кнезу Ђурђу да сачува новац одузет дубровачким трговцима, док се не види какав ће бити исход њихове мисије на краљевом двору.
ПИСМО ДУБРОВЧАНА КНЕЗУ ВУКОСАВУ
Authors: Ивановић Милош
Published: October 2022

Крајем фебруара 1420. Дубровчани су упутили писмо кнезу Вукосаву, у коме су назначили да су од њега дознали да су Турци учинили много зла. Изражавали су, са друге стране, задовољство што војводи Петру Павловићу и његовој области нису нашкодили. Истовремено су истицали да су спремни да приме људе поменутог војводе, уколико би желели да се пред Турцима склоне у Дубровник. Писмо је речито сведочанство о турским војним акцијама на територији Босне током првих месеци 1420. године.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF THE E-COMMERCE MARKET IN RUSSIA
Authors: Agibalov Alexander , Glotina Irina , Zaporozhtseva Lyudmila , Tkacheva Yuliya , Radovanovic Lazar
Published: October 2022

The authors of this article investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the state and tendencies of electronic commerce in Russia. The aim of the article is to determine the impact of COVID-19 on e-commerce. It is assumed that the share of e-commerce in the total trade of Russia will increase in case of COVID-19 worst-case scenario. In the observed period, the volume of online store trade in Russia increased up to 20% when it comes to consumer goods, car equipment and parts, cosmetics, ready meals, office supplies etc. The methods of induction, deduction, description, comparison and statistical methods are applied in the article. It was concluded that e-commerce is increasing in the conditions of crisis generated by COVID-19.
Body Am I
Authors: Costandi Moheb
Published: October 2022

How the way we perceive our bodies plays a critical role in the way we perceive ourselves: stories of phantom limbs, rubber hands, anorexia, and other phenomena.

The body is central to our sense of identity. It can be a canvas for self-expression, decorated with clothing, jewelry, cosmetics, tattoos, and piercings. But the body is more than that. Bodily awareness, says scientist-writer Moheb Costandi, is key to self-consciousness. In Body Am I, Costandi examines how the brain perceives the body, how that perception translates into our conscious experience of the body, and how that experience contributes to our sense of self. Along the way, he explores what can happen when the mechanisms of bodily awareness are disturbed, leading to such phenomena as phantom limbs, alien hands, and amputee fetishes.

Costandi explains that the brain generates maps and models of the body that guide how we perceive and use it, and that these maps and models are repeatedly modified and reconstructed. Drawing on recent bodily awareness research, the new science of self-consciousness, and historical milestones in neurology, he describes a range of psychiatric and neurological disorders that result when body and brain are out of sync, including not only the well-known phantom limb syndrome but also phantom breast and phantom penis syndromes; body integrity identity disorder, which compels a person to disown and then amputate a healthy arm or leg; and such eating disorders as anorexia.

Wide-ranging and meticulously researched, Body Am I (the title comes from Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra) offers new insight into self-consciousness by describing it in terms of bodily awareness.
Placebos
Authors: Hall Kathryn T
Published: October 2022

The biological power of the placebo effect.

The power of placebos to ameliorate symptoms has been with us for centuries. Western medicine today is finding it increasingly difficult to ignore the efficacy of placebos. In some clinical trials with placebos as controls, inert or sham replicas of active pharmaceutical drugs and even sham surgeries have been found to be as beneficial as the intervention being tested. In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Kathryn Hall examines the power of placebos, showing how their effects can influence our clinical trials, clinical encounters and, collectively, Hall argues, our public health.

Hall, who has studied the placebo effect for years, reviews the history of the placebo in medicine, tracing its evolution from quackery and patent medicine to its use as a control in clinical trials. She considers the ways that expectations and learning affect our response to placebos; advances in neuroimaging that reveal the inner workings of the placebo effect; the “nocebo” effect; placebo controls in randomized clinical trials; and the use of psychological profiles and genetics to predict individual placebo response. The effects of placebos have been hiding in plain sight; with this book, Hall helps bring them into clearer view.
Memo for Nemo
Authors: Firebrace William
Published: October 2022

A cultural history of living in the undersea, both fictional and real, from Jules Verne's Captain Nemo to NASA's ECC02 project.

In Memo for Nemo, William Firebrace investigates human inhabitation of the undersea, both fictional and real. Beginning with Jules Verne's Captain Nemo—an undersea Renaissance man with a library of 12,000 volumes on his submarine—and proceeding through aquariums, undersea photography, artificial seas on land, nuclear-powered submarines, undersea film epics, giant squid, and NASA satellites, Firebrace examines the undersea as a zone created by exploration and invention. Throughout, the history of undersea life is accompanied by an imagined undersea, envisioned by cultural figures ranging from Verne and Herman Melville to Orson Welles and Jimi Hendrix.

Firebrace takes readers though the enormous sequence of rooms (impossible in real life) in Nemo's submarine, recounts the competition among nineteenth-century cities to build the most spectacular aquatic world, and explains the workings of the bathysphere—an early underwater vessel modeled on a hot-air balloon. He considers the aquarium's function in films as a sort of viewing lens, describes the chlorine-proof artificial sea life seen by passengers on the submarine ride at Disneyland, and reports that Jacques Cousteau's famous underwater documentaries were in fact highly staged.

The oceans of today are not those imagined by Verne; they are changing from both natural processes and human influence. Memo for Nemo documents the power of the undersea in both art and life.
The Pentagon, Climate Change, and War
Authors: Crawford Neta C.
Published: October 2022

How the Pentagon became the world's largest single greenhouse gas emitter and why it's not too late to break the link between national security and fossil fuel consumption.

The military has for years (unlike many politicians) acknowledged that climate change is real, creating conditions so extreme that some military officials fear future climate wars. At the same time, the U.S. Department of Defense—military forces and DOD agencies—is the largest single energy consumer in the United States and the world's largest institutional greenhouse gas emitter. In this eye-opening book, Neta Crawford traces the U.S. military's growing consumption of energy and calls for a reconceptualization of foreign policy and military doctrine. Only such a rethinking, she argues, will break the link between national security and fossil fuels.

The Pentagon, Climate Change, and War shows how the U.S. economy and military together have created a deep and long-term cycle of economic growth, fossil fuel use, and dependency. This cycle has shaped U.S. military doctrine and, over the past fifty years, has driven the mission to protect access to Persian Gulf oil. Crawford shows that even as the U.S. military acknowledged and adapted to human-caused climate change, it resisted reporting its own greenhouse gas emissions.

Examining the idea of climate change as a “threat multiplier” in national security, she argues that the United States faces more risk from climate change than from lost access to Persian Gulf oil—or from most military conflicts. The most effective way to cut military emissions, Crawford suggests provocatively, is to rethink U.S. grand strategy, which would enable the United States to reduce the size and operations of the military.
The Neurocognitive Theory of Dreaming
Authors: Domhoff G. William
Published: October 2022

A comprehensive neurocognitive theory of dreaming based on the theories, methodologies, and findings of cognitive neuroscience and the psychological sciences.

G. William Domhoff's neurocognitive theory of dreaming is the only theory of dreaming that makes full use of the new neuroimaging findings on all forms of spontaneous thought and shows how well they explain the results of rigorous quantitative studies of dream content. Domhoff identifies five separate issues—neural substrates, cognitive processes, the psychological meaning of dream content, evolutionarily adaptive functions, and historically invented cultural uses—and then explores how they are intertwined. He also discusses the degree to which there is symbolism in dreams, the development of dreaming in children, and the relative frequency of emotions in the dreams of children and adults.

During dreaming, the neural substrates that support waking sensory input, task-oriented thinking, and movement are relatively deactivated. Domhoff presents the conditions that have to be fulfilled before dreaming can occur spontaneously. He describes the specific cognitive processes supported by the neural substrate of dreaming and then looks at dream reports of research participants. The “why” of dreaming, he says, may be the most counterintuitive outcome of empirical dream research. Though the question is usually framed in terms of adaptation, there is no positive evidence for an adaptive theory of dreaming. Research by anthropologists, historians, and comparative religion scholars, however, suggests that dreaming has psychological and cultural uses, with the most important of these found in religious ceremonies and healing practices. Finally, he offers suggestions for how future dream studies might take advantage of new technologies, including smart phones.
Employees’ perception of knowledge management in academic libraries in the digital age
Authors: Mabunda Tiyani Tyson , Du Plessis Tanya
Published: October 2022

The 21st century is associated with change in the business, education, and information environments due to the digital age paradigm shift. In the digital age, knowledge management has become essential for academic libraries that want to accelerate their performance in this time of change. The research objective was to evaluate academic library employees’ perceptions of knowledge management in the digital age. The research was guided by pragmatism through incorporating the mixed methods research approach where qualitative and quantitative methods were applied to ensure that the research questions were addressed. The research strategy was a case study. The study collected empirical data on cases of four campus libraries. This study applied the exploratory method to evaluate employees’ perceptions on knowledge management roles, skills, and technologies. Interviews and a survey were used as data collection methods. A purposive sample of the library management team and library employees from a South African higher education institution was carried out. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested that showed a high Cronbach’s alpha. The findings produced employees’ radar maps and concluded that knowledge management is not something to be neglected in the digital age that is associated with continuous change primarily because it ensures that knowledge is created, shared, retained, and disseminated in the library. Librarians are encouraged to use technologies such as social media, big data, and virtual reality in their day-to-day work to sustain the library’s relevance in the digital age.
Effects of combination of obesity, diabetes, and hypoxia on inflammatory regulating genes and cytokines in rat pancreatic tissues and serum
Authors: Albogami Sarah , Hassan Aziza , Abdel-Aziem Sekena H. , Alotaibi Saqer , Althobaiti Fayez , El-Shehawi Ahmed , Alnefaie Alaa , Alhamed Reem Abdulla
Published: October 2022

Background

Obesity and diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent around the world. Inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance are linked to both obesity and type 2 diabetes, and these disorders are becoming major public health issues globally.

Methods

This study evaluated the effects of obesity, diabetes, and hypoxia on the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in rats. We divided 120 Wistar rats in two groups, male and female, each including six subgroups: control (CTRL), obese (high-fat diet (HFD)), diabetic (streptozotocin (STZ)-treated), hypoxic (HYX), obese + diabetic (HFD/STZ), and obese + diabetic + hypoxic (HFD/STZ/HYX). We examined the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL10, and leptin in pancreatic tissues and serum.

Results

No significant difference was observed in serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) between HYX and CTRL in either sex. However, they were significantly increased, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly decreased in HFD, STZ, HFD/STZ, and HFD/STZ/HPX compared with CTRL in both sexes. The expression of Tnf-α, Il6, and Lep was significantly upregulated in all subgroups compared with CTRL in both sexes. STZ and HYX showed no significant differences in the expression of these genes between sexes, whereas Tnf-α and Il6 were upregulated in male HFD, HFD/STZ, and HFD/STZ/HYX compared with females. Protein levels showed similar patterns. Combination subgroups, either in the absence or presence of hypoxia, frequently exhibited severe necrosis of endocrine components in pancreatic lobules. The combination of obesity, diabetes, and hypoxia was associated with inflammation, which was verified at the histopathological level.
Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Pharmacovigilance Awareness among Interns at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Ravindrakumar G , Sativada Lakshmi , Vudayana Dineshkanth Vudayana , Vudayana Kirankanth Vudayana
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance plays an important role in the healthcare sector, in terms of health and economic burden. Studies on interns are limited and it is an aspect that requires further study. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and perception of MBBS interns at a teaching hospital in southern India. Also to study the reasons for under-reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR). Materials and Methods: This questionnaire-based, crosssectional study was conducted among the 112 MBBS interns at Konaseema Institute of Medical sciences and Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India, in December 2013. The interns were asked to complete 25 predesigned questionnaire based on the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception (KAP). The answered questionnaires were statistically analysed by using Microsoft Excel worksheet. Results: Out of total 112 MBBS interns, only 94 completed the questionnaire within the stipulated time. There were 41 males and 53 females, with a mean age of 25±2 years. The response rate was 83.9%. A 48 (51.1%) interns had come across Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) cases during their practice, however, among them only 24 (50%) reported them. Difficulty to identify the causative drug was the major cause for under-reporting as per 23 (24.4%) interns. Majority (60.6%) were of the opinion that pharmacovigilance only covers drug-related side-effects, not other types of side-effects. Conclusion: Interns are the upcoming doctors, hence increased attention must be paid to their lack of pharmacovigilance knowledge in order to improve the clinical management and rational use of drugs.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Rainfall and Temperature in Sambalpur District of Odisha
Authors: Chhatria Shubham , Rath B. S. , Das Nishith
Published: October 2022

The research was conducted to determine the extent of climate change in Sambalpur district, Odisha from the year 1990 to 2019. The climate change was studied for rainfall and temperature by running Mann-Kendall test at 5% significance level on time series data for each of the 9 blocks for the time period 1990 to 2019. The resultant Mann-Kendall test statistics indicated how strong the trend in rainfall and temperature was and whether it was increasing or decreasing. For seasonal rainfall six of the nine blocks showed increasing trend but only 3 blocks showed significant increasing trend. Similarly, for maximum temperature six of the nine blocks showed increasing trend and of these six blocks five blocks showed significant increasing trend. For temperature extreme ≥ 40oC, the trend was increasing but insignificant. For temperature extreme  ≥ 45oC, the trend was decreasing but insignificant. For temperature extreme ≤10oC, a significant decreasing trend was observed.
Isolation of Bacterial Contaminants from Operating Theatres in EnNahud City, West Kordofan State – Sudan
Authors: Algubarh Mohmmed Abd Alrhman , NaemAllah Enas A. , Musbah Esraa A. Y. , Elsheikh Abubakr Hamed Abdallh , Bashir Mazin Babekir Musa , Mahjaf Ghanem Mohammed , Gorish Babbiker Mohammed Taher
Published: October 2022

Background: The prevalence of nosocomial infections has continued to rise due to microbial contamination of the hospital environment. Operating room contamination, on the other hand, is one of the most common and life-threatening sources of nosocomial infections.

Objective: The goal of this research is to isolate and identify bacterial contaminants in operating rooms and equipment in EnNahud, West Kordofan.

Methods: A total of 45 samples (from three hospitals) were collected from various operating theatre sites between September and December 2020. Using the accepted bacteriological methods (ISO/TC 147/SC 4 Microbiological techniques), all isolated bacteria were identified. S. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 were employed as control bacterial strains to track the entire bacteriological process.

Results: Five kinds of bacteria were recovered from the 45 (100%) positive specimens in three hospitals in this study. The number of polluted hospitals is on the rise (100%). The most prevalent bacterial pollutants identified from operation theaters were Staphylococcus aureus 24 (53.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13 (28.8%), Bacillus spp 6 (13.3%), Proteus spp 1 (2.2%), and Salmonella spp 1 (2.2%), according to the findings (2.2%). All of the places where samples were taken were found to be completely contaminated.

Conclusion: The relatively high degree of bacterial contamination in hospital operating rooms highlights the need for ongoing microbiological surveillance aimed at detecting bacterial contamination levels and their impact on nosocomial infection early.
Risk factors for the development of pressure injury in the elderly: integrative review / Fatores de risco o para desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão em idosos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Do Egito Cavalcanti de Farias Ana Patricia , Bezerra de Queiroz Ronaldo
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica acerca da prevenção de lesões por pressão em idosos, identificando os fatores predisponentes para o seu surgimento. Método: revisão integrativa realizada no mês de setembro de 2019, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus e Web of Science. Resultados: quinze artigos foram selecionados, de um universo de 618 publicações, com predomínio de estudos transversais e internacionais. A análise identificou que a idade avançada, presença de comorbidades, má nutrição, imobilidade, tempo prolongado de internação configuram-se como fatores de risco. Conclusão: torna-se cada vez mais clara a importância de prevenir a lesão por pressão, observando as condições clínicas, identificando os fatores de risco, realizando intervenção precoce a fim de que seja minimizada sua incidência melhorando com isso a qualidade de vida do idoso.
Red blood cell transfusions in newborn infants through peripherally inserted central catheter: an integrative review / Transfusão de hemácias em neonatos pelo cateter central de inserção periférica: revisão integrativa
Authors: Cunha Maria Gorete de Brito , Reichembach Danski Mitzy Tânnia , Mozara Giacomozzi Clélia , Barbosa de Melo Silva Gilmara , Gomes Pereira Jéssica de Fátima , Martins Nascimento Piubello Simone
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: identificar na literatura as implicações relacionadas à transfusão de hemácias, por meio do Cateter Central de Inserção Periférica, em neonatos. Métodos: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e PUBMED. Incluíram-se publicações em inglês, espanhol e português, disponíveis na íntegra, sem data limite. Resultados: selecionaram-se quatro (100,0%) pesquisas que abordaram hemólise das hemácias e dois deles (50,0%), também, versaram sobre obstrução do cateter durante a transfusão. Os estudos evidenciaram ocorrência de hemólise relacionada à velocidade de infusão e ao tempo de armazenamento das hemácias, porém sem relevância clínica. Referente à obstrução, observou-se ocorrência em apenas um cateter de 38 acompanhados em um estudo; no outro, não houve obstrução, sendo as transfusões consideradas tecnicamente viáveis. Conclusão: urgem estudos clínicos primários que avaliem as consequências clínicas das transfusões de hemácias por esse tipo de cateter, em neonatos.
Notes on Healing After a Missed Diagnosis
Authors: Fleming Elizabeth A.
Published: October 2022

In this narrative medicine essay, a family physician maintains her patient’s trust despite missing what could have been a catastrophic diagnosis because she apologized for her oversight.
Effect of Topical Antibiotics on Duration of Acute Infective Conjunctivitis in Children
Authors: Honkila Minna , Koskela Ulla , Kontiokari Tero , Mattila Marja-Leena , Kristo Aila , Valtonen Raija , Sarlin Suvi , Paalanne Niko , Ikäheimo Irma , Pokka Tytti , Uhari Matti , Renko Marjo , Tapiainen Terhi
Published: October 2022

Importance

Although topical antibiotics are often prescribed for treating acute infective conjunctivitis in children, their efficacy is uncertain.

Objective

To assess the efficacy of topical antibiotic therapy for acute infective conjunctivitis.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A randomized clinical trial was conducted in primary health care in Oulu, Finland, from October 15, 2014, to February 7, 2020. Children aged 6 months to 7 years with acute infective conjunctivitis were eligible for enrollment. The participants were followed up for 14 days. A subsequent meta-analysis included the present trial and 3 previous randomized clinical trials enrolling pediatric patients aged 1 month to 18 years with acute infective conjunctivitis.

Interventions

Participants in the present randomized clinical trial were randomized to moxifloxacin eye drops, placebo eye drops, or no intervention.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome in the present randomized clinical trial was time to clinical cure (in days); in the meta-analysis, the primary outcome was the proportion of participants with conjunctival symptoms on days 3 to 6.

Results

The randomized clinical trial included 88 participants (46 [52%] girls), of whom 30 were randomized to moxifloxacin eye drops (mean [SD] age, 2.8 [1.6] years), 27 to placebo eye drops (mean [SD], age 3.0 [1.3] years), and 31 to no intervention (mean [SD] age, 3.2 [1.8] years). The time to clinical cure was significantly shorter in the moxifloxacin eye drop group than in the no intervention group (3.8 vs 5.7 days; difference, −1.9 days; 95% CI, −3.7 to −0.1 days; P = .04), while in the survival analysis both moxifloxacin and placebo eye drops significantly shortened the time to clinical cure relative to no intervention. In the meta-analysis, a total of 584 children were randomized (300 to topical antibiotics and 284 to a placebo), and the use of topical antibiotics was associated with a significant reduction in the proportion of children who had symptoms of conjunctivitis on days 3 to 6 compared with placebo eye drops (odds ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.91).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this randomized clinical trial and systematic review and meta-analysis, topical antibiotics were associated with significantly shorter durations of conjunctival symptoms in children with acute infective conjunctivitis.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrialsRegister.eu Identifier: 2013-005623-16