bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USO DE DEEP LEARNING APLICADO NO RECONHECIMENTO DE AÇÕES HUMANAS A PARTIR DE VÍDEOS EM ALTA RESOLUÇÃO VISANDO IDENTIFICAR MOVIMENTOS SUSPEITOS
Authors: Secchi Henrique Krupck , Carro Silvio Antonio
Published: July 2022

The use of computer vision plays an important role for security purposes. However, the combination with deep learning techniques and convolutional neural networks are still little explored because they demand a lot of computational processing capacity. This work aims to combine these techniques in order to generate an algorithm that is capable of identifying and tracking individuals in videos, in addition to monitoring their actions with the purpose of identifying movements that could signify a criminal act, using the YOLO algorithm for identification, Kalman filter for tracking and BlazePose for movement identification. This work resulted in a 95% accuracy rate on well-defined videos and an 81% accuracy rate using video from the most popular security cameras.
As TIC nas Práticas Pedagógicas e o Contexto Pandêmico Brasileiro
Authors: Torres Pedro Amilton de Souza , Casagrande Ana Lara
Published: July 2022

Neste texto objetivamos refletir quanto ao uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no panorama educacional brasileiro, o que, apesar do avanço dos debates teóricos, parecia ficar mais circunscrito ao âmbito da EaD e elencar os desafios e as potencialidades para sua utilização em contexto nacional pós pandemia Covid-19. Metodologicamente, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico, sendo consultados autores com estudos ligados à temática para fundamentação da discussão aqui empreendida. O resultado indica a importância de conceber as TIC como instrumento potencializador de práticas pedagógicas e estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, na mesma proporção em que se requer dimensionar as dificuldades de acesso de parte dos estudantes, principalmente das diferentes etapas da educação básica, aqueles que ficaram à margem no período de recomendação de distanciamento social e realização das atividades remotamente, o que é um ponto de atenção fundamental no bojo da contemporaneidade, da cultura digital.
Representações sobre o Agir Profissional do Tutor da EaD no Estado da Arte no Brasil à Luz do ISD
Authors: Santos Annie Rose dos
Published: July 2022

Empreendemos esta reflexão para identificar o agir do tutor em Educação a Distância (EaD), especificamente o vinculado à Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB), nas representações construídas sobre seu trabalho no estado da arte relativo a seu papel nos últimos dez anos no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada é a compreensiva/interpretativa, inspirada no Interacionismo Socio-Discursivo (ISD) (BRONCKART, 2008), e por meio desse escopo teórico buscamos caracterizar, na produção científica encontrada, o gênero de atividade profissional do trabalho do tutor da EaD. Essa reflexão nos leva a entender: a) a representação do agir dos tutores a distância da EaD como profissionais cientes de sua relevância e das prescrições para sua função; b) que o papel do tutor, ainda em construção em seu métier profissional, é imprescindível na atual configuração da EaD em nosso país; c) a necessidade de políticas públicas direcionadas a esse professor/mediador, visto é um dos maiores responsáveis pelo ensino e aprendizagem na modalidade de ensino a distância no Brasil.
O Cenário das Matrículas na Educação Superior a Distância no Centro-Oeste Brasileiro
Authors: Diniz Juliane Aparecida Ribeiro , Fonseca Maria Aparecida Rodrigues da , Lima Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever e analisar o cenário das matrículas na educação superior a distância na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil, nos anos selecionados de 2002, 2007, 2013 e 2019, a partir dados do Censo da Educação Superior, do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira – INEP. Para tanto, os caminhos metodológicos adotados foram pesquisa documental, cujo Censo foi considerado documento, bem como pesquisa analítica descritiva, cujo fim é o detalhamento de características de uma população ou de dados coletados. Os resultados localizados apresentaram expansão crescente das matrículas no ensino superior a distância nos estados centro-oestinos brasileiros. Indicaram, ainda, que em 2002, 82% das matrículas em Cursos Superiores a distância, nesta região, encontrava-se no setor público e, contraditoriamente, em 2019, quase 96% das matrículas localizava-se no setor privado, em grande medida, em organização acadêmica Universidade. Por fim, notou-se que houve progressiva participação dos cursos do tipo tecnólogo nas matrículas na educação superior a distância, no período entre 2002 e 2019, nos estados que compõem o Centro-Oeste.
Interlocução sobre Qualidade e Inovação na Educação a Distância: Convergências com o Relato de Experiência
Authors: Batista Erlinda Martins , Taveira Franciele Aparecida Henrique
Published: July 2022

Este relato de experiência enfoca aspectos qualitativos e inovadores da Educação a Distância EaD nas práticas pedagógicas de suas autoras. Interlocuções teóricas embasam as narrativas das autoras sobre suas experiências realizadas no período de 2020 a 2021, que são resultantes dos estudos da EaD, discutidos no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação a Distância do Centro-Oeste EaD – CO[1]. Tais discussões foram relevantes no preparo dessas autoras, para atuação em contexto de dificuldades provocadas pela pandemia do coronavírus que assolou a humanidade. O objetivo deste relato foi apresentar as práticas pedagógicas com vistas à qualidade e inovação na EaD, sendo desafiadoras no cotidiano escolar dessas autoras. As análises de suas práticas ocorreram sob pressupostos da abordagem histórico cultural de pesquisa qualitativa de Freitas (2002). As autoras concluíram que suas práticas foram exitosas devido aos estudos em Grupos de pesquisa como o mencionado que promove inovação e qualidade na prática docente.
O Público Feminino e a Perspectiva do Avanço da Escolarização por Meio da Educação a Distância
Authors: Velozo Aline Debossan , Casagrande Ana Lara
Published: July 2022

O presente texto foi desenvolvido a partir de reflexões suscitadas no desenvolvimento de pesquisa de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (PPGE/UFMT) e objetiva analisar a democratização do acesso à Educação Superior na perspectiva do seu papel e público (majoritariamente feminino em todas as regiões brasileiras, quantidade que diminui sutilmente quando os cursos são presenciais). Espera-se que ele contribua para o avanço no debate acerca da EaD no Brasil, posto que a modalidade, bem como as tecnologias digitais entraram em foco contemporaneamente. As ambiências virtuais levaram à educação a possibilidade de ruptura com as tradicionais práticas de transmissão de conteúdos, centralidade no docente e avanço para pensar práticas pedagógicas engajadas com o século XXI. Não se trata de um passe de mágica, mas se defende o atual momento como oportuno para repensar o fazer pedagógico nas Instituições de Educação Superior (IES). Por meio do aporte teórico proporcionado pela pesquisa bibliográfica, foi realizada contextualização da continuidade dos estudos, do ponto de vista social e pedagógico, bem como do perfil do alunado da EaD quanto ao gênero binário. Por fim, são indicadas as potencialidades e desafios dessa modalidade de ensino frente à demanda.
Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC): Ações Implementadas por uma Universidade Federal durante a Pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Araújo Luiz Fernando Gonçalves da Silva
Published: July 2022

A pandemia da Covid-19 marcou toda a sociedade e no contexto educacional trouxe uma série de reflexões quanto a importância de se ampliar os debates acerca dos conceitos e aplicações sobre as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), uma vez que esse novo ecossistema educativo tem contribuído para a reconceitualização dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Nesse cenário, o objetivo do estudo buscou identificar como foram estruturadas as estratégias e ações para a utilização de TDIC, visando o desenvolvimento de aulas não presencial durante a pandemia na Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG. Para esse propósito, a metodologia do estudo em desenvolvimento fundamenta-se inicialmente na abordagem qualitativa com pesquisa documental. Constata-se que a UFG utilizou-se desde o início da pandemia de artefatos de TDIC, considerandoas como um recurso estratégico para o enfrentamento no período pandêmico. Foram realizadas várias ações para melhor compreensão quanto a finalidade das TDIC, bem como da sua utilização de forma institucional, de modo a abranger todas as áreas de atuação da instituição.
A Era dos Algoritmos e as Implicações em Novas Rotas Educacionais
Authors: Castro Michele Marta Moraes
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado e tem como objetivo apresentar os aplicativos utilizados na educação, durante a pandemia COVID-19, articulando essas práticas à era dos algoritmos. A investigação buscou compreender as ações que impactam diretamente as escolas públicas municipais, de educação básica, na oferta do ensino mediado pelas TIC, fundamentada no arcabouço dos seguintes teóricos: Alonso, Morozov, Srnicek e Zuboff. Como metodologia, adotamos a natureza exploratória e abordagem qualitativa, através de revisão bibliográfica, observação participante, questionários e entrevistas. Duas escolas municipais, de educação básica, situadas na cidade de Cuiabá-MT consistiram no lócus da pesquisa. Os resultados indicaram diversos usos de aplicativos corporativos, de propriedade privada, muitos do grupo GAFAM (Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple e Microsoft), que extraem os dados da comunidade escolar, para fins comerciais, e que estes usos se deram sem muitos entendimentos sobre a era dos algoritmos, por causa da urgência em que o momento exigia, e porque foram adotados como uma maneira para a educação não parar. Este debate estimula a busca por novas rotas para que a educação não seja tratada como uma mercadoria.
Ressignificações no Estágio Supervisionado do Curso de Licenciatura em Tecnologia Educacional da UFMT, Modalidade a Distância
Authors: Ayres Frederico , Torres Glauce Viana Souza , Koehler Cristiane
Published: July 2022

O presente texto traz reflexões sobre o estágio supervisionado do curso de Licenciatura em Tecnologia Educacional da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, sendo este o primeiro curso no Brasil, na modalidade a distância, e no âmbito do Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil. O objetivo deste texto é apresentar como foi realizada, de maneira inovadora e colaborativa, a orientação dos estudantes em estágio supervisionado, nas escolas públicas durante a pandemia pela COVID-19. Esta orientação foi realizada a partir de propostas metodológicas que utilizaram os recursos das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação na produção de conhecimentos. O planejamento das aulas envolveu a articulação entre as inúmeras Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação que são trabalhadas durante as disciplinas do curso, de tal forma a beneficiar o letramento digital, além da construção dos conhecimentos específicos. A inserção das tecnologias não foi feita de forma a substituir o docente em seu papel de facilitador do conhecimento, mas de ampliar as possibilidades de interação entre os sujeitos. A falta de letramento digital pode levar os sujeitos a supervalorizarem as tecnologias em detrimento do saber.
Experiência Vivida de uma Prática Didático-pedagógica em uma Escola do Campo em Cuiabá/MT
Authors: Oliveira Maria A. H. A.
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho expõe sob o olhar de uma professora afrodescendenteindígena, que descreve em um relato de experiência durante o período pandêmico causado pela COVID-19, em meio a tantas adversidades como foi possível construir com as/os estudantes, professoras/es e familiares, práticas pedagógicas durante o isolamento social, em formato de aulas remotas. As atividades buscaram mesmo em um momento de tantos obstáculos apresentar uma aprendizagem significativa, que valorizasse as identidades, os saberes presente na cotidianidade desses estudantes. O Trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma escola do campo que se finca na comunidade tradicional em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso.
Educação Ambiental como um Caminho para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável: Desafios e Possibilidades no Ensino Remoto Emergencial
Authors: Fonseca Maria Aparecida R. da , Fonseca Michelle Julieny R. , Faustina Stefanny Farias
Published: July 2022

Este texto circunscreve-se na amplitude da educação ambiental (EA) e do desenvolvimento sustentável (DS), no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. O objetivo geral do estudo foi verificar os desafios e as possibilidades identificadas na EA para o DS com a implementação do Ensino Remoto Emergencial. A metodologia constitui-se de estudo qualitativo de abordagem descritiva, exploratória de cunho bibliográfico e documental. A fundamentação teórica evidencia lacunas históricas na efetividade da EA, vis-a vis, sua importância para o DS. Os resultados mostram que a pandemia não é responsável pelos desafios postos a estas áreas, mas que os intensificou. Na contramão destes, evidencia-se possibilidades sócio transformadoras por meio da EA que por si propiciam caminhos para o DS.
Os Desafios em Transformar Aulas Práticas, em Aulas na Modalidade de Ensino Remoto em Tempos de Pandemia
Authors: Barbosa Danilo Rodrigues
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho foi realizado através de vivência docente na área especificamente de informática, Tal trabalho foi experenciado no período de 01/04 a 30/09/2021, na escola CEEP José Pacífico de Moura Neto. O presente resumo traz aspectos acerca das atividades desempenhadas, participações realizadas, e ainda, traz uma visão real acerca do ensino de conteúdos computacionais tipicamente práticos, convertidos em modalidade de ensino remoto em tempos de pandemia. A metodologia desenvolvida foi dada a partir das observações e própria vivência quanto às práticas docente, isto é, lidando com os desafios do ensino, inseguranças e realidade social dos estudantes.
Erschöpfungsgrundsatz im Online-Bereich
Authors: Wu Guide
Published: July 2022

The principle of exhaustion strikes a balance between copyright and property rights, between the economic interests of the author and the acquirer, and between copyright as an exclusive right and the prin-ciple of the free movement of goods. The justification theories developed in copyright law can explain single aspects of the balance of interests, but do not fully capture it, e.g., the property theory, the reward theory, and the traffic safety theory. In addition, other methods of analysis such as comparative law and law economics are now being considered. This discussion will expectably, not only in the German legal field, but also in the Chinese and U.S. legal field, continue.

In summary, this book aims to provide a legal comparison between the respective situations and views on the applicability of the principle of exhaustion in the online field in Germany, the EU, China, and the U.S.. On the basis of the comparison of different approaches and opinions as well as legal economic considerations, a solution shall be worked out for the problem of the application of the principle of exhaustion in the online area.
Covers and Properties of Families of Real Functions
Authors: Bukovský Lev
Published: July 2022

We present results on the relationships of the covering property GΦΨ for Φ,Ψ∈OΛΩΓ and G∈S1SfinUfin of a topological space and the selection property GΦ0Ψ0 of the corresponding family of real functions. The result already published are presented without a proof, however with a citation of the corresponding paper. We present a general Theorem that covers almost all the result of this kind. Some results about hereditary properties are enclosed. We also present Scheepers Diagram of considered covering properties for uncountable covers.
Endovascular Treatment for Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Hsieh Mu-Yang
Published: July 2022

The current standard care for acute mesenteric ischemia involves urgent revascularization and resection of the necrotic bowel. A dedicated protocol for early treatment and urgent revascularization is pivotal to improving diagnostic rate and patient survival. In this chapter, the critical components of diagnosis and treatment protocol are reviewed. Different treatment choices with endovascular approaches are discussed. After endovascular revascularization, a dedicated team consisting of surgeons and critical care specialists are needed to provide post-intervention care and second-look laparoscopy when necessary. In geographic regions where healthcare resources are lacking, a time-efficient strategy adopted by interventional radiologists or cardiologists should be considered to improve patient survival.
Circular Economy - Recent Advances in Sustainable Construction Waste Management
Authors: Ali Musarat Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad , Salah Alaloul Wesam , Maqsoom Ahsen , Jamaluddin Thaheem Muhammad , Babar Ali Rabbani Muhammad
Published: July 2022

With time, construction waste is increasing massively and its dumping is a serious issue globally. Utilizing the waste in various products and construction projects is boosting, but still, the amount of waste is much higher. Transitions to more sustainable construction can assist in attaining the specific goal of slowing down natural resources depletion, reducing environmental damage by extracting and recycling new materials, and minimizing pollution from the processing, use, and disposal of materials once they complete their useful life period. An important way to do this is to improve efficiency and bring productivity in the utilization of resources. The circular economy is more productive and healthier, where raw materials are stored longer in the production cycle and can be recycled, thus producing less waste. Due to potential benefits through enhanced quality and productivity in the processes, the concept of circular economy is grabbing the attention of construction industry stakeholders to attain sustainable construction waste management. This chapter focuses on the significance of a circular economy for the attainment of sustainable waste management in the construction sector. Moreover, the impact of construction waste and its utilization through recent sustainable solutions which also impact the economy has also been highlighted.
Water Defluoridation Methods Applied in Rural Areas over the World
Authors: Wamalwa Wambu Enos , Frau Franco , Machunda Revocatus , Pasape Lilliane , S. Barasa Stephen , Ghiglieri Giorgio
Published: July 2022

Overexposure to fluoride (F) through drinking water is the most widespread water problem in the world, but it has now exacerbated due to rapid population growth rates, adverse climatic changes, and increasing levels of water scarcity. Thus, despite the large amounts of data, which has accrued on mitigation methods of high F is still the primary impediment to drinking water programs among many developing nations. The current review chapter on F mitigation techniques applied world-over is aimed at providing a succinct overview of water defluoridation techniques and strategies being used to combat the impact of human F overexposure. It represents a starting point to understand the prospects of reducing the global F impact. It is anticipated that this work will lay a strong foundation for this and also inform strategies for safeguarding public health and the environment from F pollution.
Heat Shock Proteins (HSP70) Gene: Plant Transcriptomic Oven in the Hot Desert
Authors: Batool Fatima , Anicet Agossa Batcho , Y. Sandhu Zainab , Bilal Sarwar Muhammad , Hassan Sameera , Rashid Bushra
Published: July 2022

Heat stress is considered to induce a wide range of physiological and biochemical changes that cause severe damage to plant cell membrane, disrupt protein synthesis, and affect the efficiency of photosynthetic system by reducing the transpiration due to stomata closure. A brief and mild heat shock is known to induce acquired thermo tolerance in plants that is associated with concomitant production of heat shock proteins’ (HSPs) gene family including HSP70. The findings from different studies by use of technologies have thrown light on the importance of HSP70 to heat, other abiotic stresses and environmental challenges in desserts. There is clear evidence that under heat stress, HSP70 gene stabilized the membrane structure, chlorophyll and water breakdown. It was also found that under heat stress, HSP70 decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increased the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in transgenic plants as compared to non-transgenic plants. Some reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical are also synthesized and accumulated when plants are stressed by heat. Hence HSP70 can confidently be used for transforming a number of heat tolerant crop species.
From Corporate Social Opportunity to Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Bolton Brian
Published: July 2022

During the early 2020s, business leaders have been faced with the confluence of multiple challenges, the likes of which they had never seen before: the Covid-19 pandemic, systemic racism and the continued escalation of the climate crisis. These challenges forced companies to search for new ways to create value for their investors and other stakeholders; these challenges forced business leaders to think differently about the role that their companies play in the broader society. As we think about how business leaders balance these short-term opportunities and long-term strategies, it is critical that they realize that he level of social responsibility expected by society has risen significantly in recent years. Companies need to move beyond seeing social dynamics as short-term opportunities and incorporate them into long-term strategies. In this study, we offer 6 rules for moving forward and for turning short-term social opportunities into long-term strategic value creations. Business leaders need to focus on offering products, services and relationships that help their stakeholders improve their lives. In doing this, we rely on both academic studies and case studies to show how moving beyond corporate social opportunity and towards value creation through social responsibility is the key to long-term corporate success.
Perspective Chapter: Geriatric Care in Africa
Authors: Yvonne Buowari Dabota
Published: July 2022

There are an increasing number of people that are aging. This is also common in Africa. Therefore, they need specialist care from various categories of health care workers and other professionals on geriatric medicine and gerontology. There are few geriatricians in Africans. This is because there are few training centres in the continents. Also, most of the geriatricians are trained on the other side of the continent overseas.
Comparison of the Goal-Oriented Movements Between Healthy and Injured Leg in Patients with a Unilateral Ankle Sprain
Authors: Delkhoush Cyrus Taghizadeh , Binaei Fatemeh , Sharifi Ahmadreza , Kalhor Erfan
Published: July 2022

Background: Balance assessment is a very important part of rehabilitation for people with unilateral ankle sprain. Biodex balance analyzer is one of the devices used for assessing balance. Using oriented movements is a method of this device, thus we decided to compare these movements in both healthy and unhealthy feet. Methods: This article was a cross sectional study. In this study 35 men and women aged from 19 - 34 with unilateral ankle sprain were participated. First they stood on one leg on the Biodex device with open eyes and were then asked to look at the screen in front of them and move the cursor to specific points on the screen and with due to attention to the time and overall points, the device allocated a number to each foot, which a shorter time and straighter path leaded to better results. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the healthy and injured legs of the participants in terms of the overall score of the stability index, especially, in the anterior, medial and lateral points (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, that the goal-oriented movements in the anterior, medial, and lateral directions in the injured leg are significantly different from the healthy leg, it can be assumed that these directions are more affected in the injured leg. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention to the injured directions in the retraining and rehabilitation programs of patients with lateral ankle sprains.
Letramento científico e percepções populares: uma análise sobre conhecimentos de Ciência e pseudociência
Authors: Machado Mairon Melo , Silva Gustavo Medeiros da , Fontella Leandro Goya
Published: July 2022

Uma análise a respeito do conhecimento e crença em tópicos de pseudociência foi realizada na cidade de São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A pesquisa aborda uma discussão conceitual sobre o que é Ciência, pseudociência, suas principais diferenças e impactos sociais no mundo contemporâneo. Foi aplicada uma entrevista estruturada com 1078 moradores da cidade, para compreender a relação dos entrevistados com tópicos pseudocientíficos, oferecendo dados quantitativos a respeito desse tema. Percebe-se que não são apenas pessoas com baixa instrução educacional que acreditam em informações falsas oriundas das mais diversas mídias, pois alguns com formação superior também creem em ideias não científicas, como a homeopatia, a astrologia, o terraplanismo, etc. Os dados são comparados com análises realizadas por diversos autores, buscando discutir formas de prevenir a população em geral e desmistificar as pseudociências. A partir deles, atividades foram realizadas com alunos de Ensino Médio e superior da cidade de São Borja, buscando enaltecer o papel do professor no processo de formação dos alunos como executores e participantes de um conhecimento científico.
Água e Esgoto, sob o enfoque do Plano de Gestão de Logística Sustentável: Uma análise das práticas das Universidades Federais Brasileiras
Authors: Campos Kemerson Cantero , Moura-Leite Rosamaria Cox , Lopes José Carlos de Jesus , Figueiredo Jeovan de Carvalho , Binotto Erlaine
Published: July 2022

O Plano de Gestão de Logística Sustentável (PLS), originário do Decreto nº 7.746/2012 e normatizado pela Instrução Normativa nº 10/2012 é um instrumento de planejamento que almeja tornar as práticas da Administração Pública Federal mais sustentáveis. Tais normativas disciplinam que o PLS de cada órgão público deve apresentar o Plano de Ação (PA) e divulgar os seus respectivos Relatórios de Acompanhamento (RA). As Universidades Federais brasileiras (UF), por integrarem a Administração Pública indireta, são igualmente obrigadas a atender as disciplinas descritas no conjunto de normativas. Assim sendo, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi avaliar, nas implementações do PLS das atuais sessenta e três Universidades Federais brasileiras, as iniciativas vinculadas ao tema Água e Esgoto, um dentre os sete temas mínimos propostos. A metodologia amparou-se por um estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de análise bibliográfica complementada por um levantamento documental. Utilizou-se do procedimento da análise de conteúdo para o tratamento de dados coletados, organizados por categorias. Os resultados apontaram para uma relativa adesão das UF ao PLS, uma vez que trinta e cinco publicaram seus PA e destas dezoito divulgaram os seus respectivos RA. Verificou-se que, mesmo por força de Lei, o PLS ainda não alcançou seu objetivo de tornar as ações das UF mais sustentáveis, na área de Água e Esgoto.
Assessment of disposal and recycling of waste tyres in Brazil
Authors: Thives Liseane Padilha , Ghisi Enedir , Thives Júnior Juarez Jonas
Published: July 2022

Waste tyres discarded and accumulated in inadequate places represent a threat to the environment and public health. The problem related to the final disposal of such a solid waste occurs in every country in the world; thus, laws and standards that regulate, control, and assess solid waste management, such as waste tyres, are necessary. In Brazil, since 2009, manufacturers and importers must collect and properly dispose of a waste tyre for each new tyre sold. The National Solid Waste Policy implemented in 2010 requires tyre manufacturers, importers, distributors, and traders to implement reverse logistics systems. In this scenario, this work aims to assess the evolution of waste tyres disposal and recycling in Brazil and verify the compliance with the resolutions of Brazilian environmental agencies, also listing the main destinations. The methodology adopted consists of examining bulletins and documents from Brazilian environmental agencies between 2010 and 2019. As a result, the fulfilment of the national destination goal for the manufacturers and importers of new tyres, and the effective amount of tyres disposed of in an environmentally acceptable way, was not reached in any of the evaluated years. On the other hand, new tyre manufacturers met the target every year, while importers did not. From 2010 to 2019, the main types of disposal activities were co-processing (2,615,299 t), granulation (1,241,456 t) and lamination (495,624 t). On average, the Southeast region has the highest percentage of waste tyres disposal (57.0%), followed by the South region (23.0%), while the lowest percentage was observed in the North region (2.2%). Despite the regulations for the reuse of waste tyres, the practices adopted in Brazil cannot be considered environmentally adequate. In addition, it is important to note that the data analyzed refer to the information collected, which may not represent the total number of companies existing in the country.
The Effect of Substitution of Brown Sugar with Honey on Making Beef Jerky
Authors: Karlina Maria Apriliana Ade , Susilo Agus , Awwaly Khothibul Umam Al
Published: July 2022

This research aimed to evaluate the possibility of using honey as a substitute ingredient in beef jerky in terms of pH, water activity, moisture content, protein content, and fat content. This research was conducted from January to March 2022 at the Animal Products Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Animals Science and Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia. The research material used was beef, with supporting ingredients such as salt, onions, spices, and honey concentrations of 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30%. The research method used an experimental design with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were (P0) 30% brown sugar, (P1) 24% brown sugar + 6% honey, (P2) 18% brown sugar + 12% honey, (P3) 12% brown sugar + 18% honey, (P4) 6% brown sugar + 24% honey, and (P5) 30% honey. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and if there was a significant influence, Duncan's Multiple Range Test Method (DMRT) was used to test it. The results showed that substituting brown sugar with honey had a highly significant difference (P 0.01) on pH, water activity, moisture content, protein content, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the addition of honey to the fat content of beef jerky. The addition of 24% honey produced the best quality beef jerky with a pH of 5,36%, water activity of 0,57%, moisture content of 10,68%, protein content of 28,25%, and fat content of 4.25%.
Antibiogram and Detection of Metallo-β-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Cow Dung in Owo Metropolis
Authors: Adeluwoye-Ajayi Olayemi Amos , Bello Adedoyin Ayowole , Thomas Folarin Moses , Omoniyi Oluwasegun Victor
Published: July 2022

This study was carried out to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile and the production of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) by Escherichia coli isolated from cow dung in Owo metropolis. The isolation of Escherichia coli was done using MacConkey agar and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar and was conventionally characterized. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of the isolates were by disc diffusion method against ceftazidime (30 µg), cefuroxime (30 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), cefixime (5 µg), ofloxacin (5 µg), augmentin (30 µg), nitrofurantoin (300 µg) and ciprofloxacin (5 µg).  Detection of MBL producing isolates was by imipenem-EDTA combined disc test. The isolates showed highest resistance to augmentin (97.8%) and least resistance to nitrofurantoin (20.0%). Out of the 45 Escherichia coli isolated from cow dung, 8 (17.8%) produced MBL and were all multidrug resistant. The production of MBL and the high prevalence of antibiotic resistance observed among the Escherichia coli in this study infer that cow dung does not only serve as a reservoir for MBL-producers but also as source for the growth and dissemination of clinically significant antibiotic resistant species. Hence, the use of antibiotics as growth enhancers in cow production should be discouraged to help prevent the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria and thus, preserve the efficacy of available antibiotics.
Integrated Effect of Organic and Inorganic Manuring on Crop Yield and Soil Nutrient Balance in the On-going Century-old Permanent Manurial Experiment
Authors: Sabeena M. S. , Sridevi G. , Jayanthi D. , Balachandar D. , Dheebakaran Ga.
Published: July 2022

Aim: The present study reports the results of continuous application of different rates of N, P and K and organic manure to a Maize-Sunflower cropping system on the changes in soil available nutrients status after harvest of 172th crop of maize.

Materials and Methods: We studied the long-term effect of organic and inorganic manuring on crop yield and soil nutrient management under Maize–Sunflower cropping system in 112 years old Permanent Manurial Experiment Field. Significant build-up in soil fertility in terms of alkaline KMnO4-N, Olsen-P, NH4OAc-K, K2Cr2O7–C and CaCl2-S as well as DTPA-Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn were assessed under eight treatments consist of Unfertilized Control, NP, NP, NPK (Chemical Fertilizer Alone), FYM (N Equivalent Basis), FYM (Every Year), Poultry Manure and NPK+FYM.

ResultS and Discussion: Recorded data from 2008 shows that continuous application as 100%NPK+FYM @12.5 t ha-1 achieved highest grain yield (hybrid maize CO 6), soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium, available sulphur and micronutrients content. Highest P recorded in poultry manure on nitrogen equivalent basis than INM irrespective of the crops. Inorganic fertilizer application alone resulted in a pH of >8.0, whereas fertilizer and manure application as well as manure application alone resulted in a pH of < 8.0 in soil. The increase in available S in INM, NPK alone might be due to single super phosphate (SSP) and FYM which contained about 12 and 0.74 % of S, respectively. Thus, considering soil-quality conservation and crop yield, 112 years of study indicated that combined application of NPK and organic manure is a better nutrient-management option in this irrigated maize sunflower cropping system.

Conclusion: These results conclude that for better crop yield and soil quality, integrated usage of organic and inorganic nutrient should be advocated in the Maize-Sunflower cropping system under Alfisol.
Fusion Assessment in Stand Alone Oblique lumbar interbody fusion in Adult Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Elkazaz Mohamed K. , Abdelmonem Ahmed M. , Abou-Madawi Ali , Alshatoury Hassan A. , AlQazaz Mohamed Yousef , Salem Khalid
Published: July 2022

Background data: The degenerative lumbar diseases form a burden on both the patients and the society. The development of the degenerative process is highly linked to the aging process as discussed by Kirkandly Willis where the degenerative spine passes through 3 phases of process that results in the degenerative diseases. The management of the degenerative spine deformities varies and depends on various factors. Traditional surgical management involves instrumentation, decompression and fusion processes. Oblique Lumbar interbody fusion ‘OLIF’ is a novel technique when used alone as in stand-alone OLIF ‘SA-OLIF’ it could achieve degenerative deformity correction along with neural decompression, however, the final aim of SA OLIF where solid fusion is required still is under evaluation and literature lacks the essential data for this approach. This study aims to assess the fusion of the SA-OLIF in the management of degenerative lumbar scoliosis.

Study Design: A Prospective clinical case study.

Objective: To assess the fusion rates in patients suffering from degenerative lumbar scoliosis ADS after SA-OLIF.

Patients and Methods: Patients with ADS following a specific inclusion criterion underwent SA OLIF. Pre-, and Post-operative clinical data; back and leg pain ‘VAS score’ and ODI, radiological data; for fusion assessment. Intra-operative data: operative time, amount of blood loss, complications ‘intra-operative or post-operative’ and hospital stay were all analyzed and compared statistically.

Results: A total of 28 patients and 30 levels were operated by SA OLIF, with mean age 50.54±6.05 included 14 males and 14 females. The mean operative time/min, blood loss/ml and hospital stay/day was 91.29±14.23, 195.54±42.299 and 2.78±0.875 respectively. The mean of Back Pain ‘VAS’, The mean of Leg Pain ’VAS’ and ODI changed from pre-operatively 7.36±0.98, 6.36±0.911and 68.615±8.72 to 4.07±1.01, 2.07±0.9 and 20.23±4.7 in 1-year respectively. In this study we had 92.9% fusion rates after 1-year. Operative complications occurred in 3 cases with segmental artery injury. Post-operative complications were 1 cage dislodgment immediately post-operative and 2 cases of cage subsidence after 1-year.

Conclusion: SA OLIF can result in high rates of fusion. There are multiple factors that determine the rate of fusion such as the quality of the vertebrae and endplate preservation during the preparation procedure.
Sustainable Production of Slow Release Fertilizers for Eco-Nutrient Delivery to Soil Microbial Communities in Nutrient Deficient soils
Authors: Ehis-Eriakha C. B. , Chikere C. B. , O. Akaranta
Published: July 2022

There is a growing need to develop a natural-based slow-release fertilizer for sustained nutrient delivery as a result of the challenges associated with the direct application of chemical fertilizers. In this study, two low crop residues, cassava mesocarp CM and coconut coir dust CD were employed in the formulation and production of slow-release fertilizers (SLR). The proximate and mineral content analysis revealed an appreciable quantity of micronutrients and other soil stabilizers in the crop residues. Super absorbent polymers produced from both crop residues (CM-SAP and CCD-SAP) revealed water absorption positive correlation values as 0.9842and 0.9859 and final dry weight values ranging from 2.66–2.99g and 2.20–2.28g, respectively. NPK garden fertilizer (20:10:10) was encapsulated in to each SAP to create the slow- release properties of the products branded casmes and coco dust. The conductivity analyses performed on the SLR formulations showed a steady release of the nutrient content in to the liquid medium which ranged from 10µs/cm at 30mins to 290µs/ cm at 160mins for casmes while cocodust had a final value of 110µs/cm. Both formulations were applied as biostimulants alongside other nutrient regimens and it was observed that the products supported the growth of active bacteria population competing favourably with other biostimulants.
Kariya Pod-husks: A Novel Biocatalyst in Biodiesel Production
Authors: Ogundahunsi O. E. , Ogunsina B. S. , Aransiola E. F.
Published: July 2022

Diverse challenges faced with the use of homogeneous catalysts in biodiesel production coupled with the interest in converting waste resources to useful products in solving occurring climatic and environmental challenges around the world have triggered research into the use of various heterogeneous catalysts. In this study, the catalytic properties of kariya pod-husks were investigated to examine their suitability in biodiesel production. Kariya pod-husks were ash and calcined at 600oC for 4 h. In the morphological structure examination, the scanning electron image of calcined kariya pod-husks shows that it has a more compact microstructure with a cluster of big crystals but irregular pores which is an attribute of high catalytic potentials. The elemental composition of the calcined kariya pod-husks reveals that it contains a higher percentage weight of calcium (42%) and potassium (31%) which makes it a more suitable catalyst for biodiesel production. The developed catalyst was further used in the production of kariya biodiesel. A biodiesel yield of 94% was obtained.  This study shows that calcined kariya pod-husks could catalyze biodiesel production. It also helps in proving suitable biocatalyst to solve the challenges associated with the separation of catalyst from the product stream which consequently aids in the creation of continuous chemical processes.
Sulfur‐Catalyzed Oxidative Condensation of Aryl Alkyl Ketones with o‐Phenylenediamines: Access to Quinoxalines
Authors: Nguyen Le Anh , Nguyen Thi Thu Tram , Ngo Quoc Anh , Nguyen Thanh Binh
Published: July 2022

While elemental sulfur has been largely used as oxidant or sulfurating agent, its role as a catalyst has not been developed. We report here its catalytic activity in the oxidative condensation of o‐phenylenediamines with acetophenones in DMSO to provide quinoxalines. The method was also extended to α‐tetralones, propiophenones (R=Me) as well as higher homologues (R=Et, n‐Pr) in place of acetophenones, leading to a wide range of naphthoquinoxalines and 3‐substituted 2‐arylquinoxalines.

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Asymmetric Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Hydroarylation–Nazarov Cyclization: Enantioselective Access to Cyclopentenones
Authors: Solas Marta , Suárez‐Pantiga Samuel , Sanz Roberto
Published: July 2022

The asymmetric synthesis of cyclopentachromenones from gold‐catalyzed reaction of readily available skipped alkenynones is described. This cascade reaction involves an initial anti‐Michael hydroarylation of the ynone moiety to form a gold‐functionalized dialkenylketone intermediate, followed by a Nazarov cyclization that proceeds in an unprecedented enantioselective manner. Excellent enantiomeric ratios and chemical yields are obtained under mild reaction conditions.
Stable Two‐Legged Parent Piano‐Stool and Mixed Diborabenzene‐E4 (E=P, As) Sandwich Complexes of Group 8
Authors: Dietz Maximilian , Arrowsmith Merle , Reichl Stephan , Lugo‐Fuentes Leonardo I. , Jiménez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Scheer Manfred , Braunschweig Holger
Published: July 2022

A cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene‐stabilized 1,4‐diborabenzene (DBB) ligand enables the isolation of 18‐electron two‐legged parent piano‐stool Fe0 and Ru0 complexes, [(η6‐DBB)M(CO)2], the ruthenium complex being the first of its kind to be structurally characterized. [(η6‐DBB)Fe(CO)2] reacts with E4 (E=P, As) to yield mixed DBB‐cyclo‐E4 sandwich complexes with planar E42− ligands. Computational analyses confirm the strong electron‐donating capacity of the DBB ligand and show that the E4 ligand is bound by four equivalent Fe−P σ bonds.
Motion planning for a high order Dubins vehicle
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Zhang Wei
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we focus on the motion planning problem (MPP) of a generalized Dubins vehicle (GDV) with higher order dynamics, aiming at mitigating the drawbacks caused by the lack of smoothness of the Dubins curves. In the two‐dimensional case, the MPP is converted, by exploiting the Pontryagin maximum principle, into the problem of solving a set of algebraic equations (AEs). The solution of the set of AEs, which can also be applied to the MPP of chained‐form and flat systems, is found by systematically using the concept of elementary symmetric polynomial. Furthermore, in extending our results to the three‐dimensional case, the explicit expression of a new class of space curves is obtained using the Frenet frame. Simulation results show the superiority of the curves generated by the GDV over that generated by the conventional Dubins vehicle.
Schadenspriorisierungsanalyse bei Eisenbahnbrücken – Priorisierung von Brückenschäden bei der Deutschen Bahn nach dem Prinzip der FMEA
Authors: Bartels Jan‐Hauke , Naraniecki Hubert , Marx Steffen
Published: July 2022

Für die Zuverlässigkeit von Brücken ist die Instandhaltung essenziell. Ein wichtiger Bestandteil dieses Prozesses ist die Bauwerksinspektion, in der der Zustand der betrachteten Brücke bewertet wird. Diese Inspektionen folgen aktuell festgelegten Fristen. Aufgrund der begrenzten personellen und finanziellen Kapazitäten für die Instandsetzung von Brückenschäden stellt sich die Frage, welche dieser Schäden prioritär zu behandeln sind. Ein Lösungsansatz ist die Ausfalleffektanalyse (engl. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, FMEA). Mit der Adaption der Methode soll eine, im Vergleich zu heute, objektivere Priorisierung der Schäden vorgenommen werden. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, die FMEA an die Inspektionsdaten von Brücken zu koppeln. Hierfür wurde eine hohe Zahl an Schadensdaten von Eisenbahnbrücken ausgewertet, die von der DB Netz AG bereitgestellt wurden. Die adaptierte Methode wird als Schadenspriorisierungsanalyse (SPA) bezeichnet, an die Schadenssystematik der DB Netz AG angepasst und schließlich an Schadensdaten von Spannbeton‐ und Stahlbrückenüberbauten validiert. Für die Bewertung wurden die drei Parameter Bedeutung, Wirksamkeit und Kosten definiert. Das Produkt der drei Parameter gibt Auskunft über die Kritikalität eines Brückenschadens. Trotz ihrer Bauformabhängigkeit ermöglicht die SPA eine objektivere Schadensbewertung. Somit kann sie bei der fundierten Instandhaltungsplanung von Brücken helfen und die Entscheidung der zu priorisierenden Schäden erleichtern.
Evaluation of isoflavone extraction options at commercial scale
Authors: Chea John D. , Lehr Austin L. , Stanzione Joseph F. , Yenkie Kirti M.
Published: July 2022

Resource sustainability concerns keep increasing owing to the continuous use of natural materials without reclamation. Efforts are ongoing to find sustainable feedstocks for naturally derived products with competitive economics and properties. However, there is no established methodology for commercializing the extraction of chemicals from renewable sources. This work examined soybeans as a potential bio‐based feedstock to generate isoflavones at a commercial scale. The isoflavone content in soybeans has proven beneficial in the nutraceuticals industry for its anti‐inflammatory and cancer‐inhibition properties and in the materials sector owing to their inherent chemical functionality and thermal resistance. Currently, isoflavone extraction is only optimized at lab scale. Thus, we present a superstructure‐based framework to screen isoflavone extraction methods and assess their viability at a commercial scale. This allows the simultaneous comparison of alternative technologies using mixed‐integer nonlinear programming optimization to determine the most economical pathway. Internal material recovery greatly enhances the viability at a commercial scale by reducing the annual operating cost and environmental footprint. Therefore, this work presents a powerful tool for systematically comparing extraction pathways and assessing their commercial feasibility. The successful implementation of commercial‐scale extraction of isoflavone has tremendous potential for generating additional revenue for US soy farmers. Isoflavones can produce bio‐based polymers and composites and are used in products such as dietary supplements, cosmetics and nutraceuticals. Similar works can be applied to extract other natural materials from renewable feedstocks and increase the production of bio‐based products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.