bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOVIMENTO DO PENSAMENTO EM NÍVEL TÉORICO DO CONCEITO DE ÂNGULO: REDUÇÃO DO CONCRETO AO ABSTRATO
Authors: Back Tiago , Rosa Josélia Euzébio da
Published: November 2022

A superação do método tradicional de ensino ocorre por meio do ensino de conceitos científicos em nível teórico. Esse movimento se torna possível com o desenvolvimento do pensamento em nível teórico nos estudantes, incorporado pelo movimento lógico-histórico dos conceitos. Logo, a pesquisa guiou-se pela seguinte pergunta: como promover o movimento do pensamento, em nível teórico, durante o ensino e aprendizagem da grandeza ângulo, por meio de uma proposta de Ensino Desenvolvimental em articulação com a Atividade Orientadora de Ensino (AOE) no sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental? Para tanto, os estudos foram fundamentados na Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental e na AOE. Assim, um experimento didático foi desenvolvido por meio de duas Situações Desencadeadoras de Aprendizagem (SDA) em articulação com ações de Davídov. As duas primeiras ações foram desenvolvidas por meio de dois jogos objetais sensoriais e contempladas pela quinta e sexta ações de estudo, durante todo o experimento formativo, por meio de análises, intervenções e orientações. Posto isso, pela aprendizagem dos elementos que compõem o sistema conceitual, os participantes desenvolveram componentes condizentes ao pensamento em nível teórico, em razão do movimento de redução do concreto ao abstrato, de modo que desvelaram a gênese do conceito e modelaram a relação essencial por meio de abstrações e generalizações ancoradas pela necessidade de quantificação do movimento de rotação.
CRM Sales Prediction Using Continuous Time-Evolving Classification
Authors: Ali Mohamoud , Lee Yugyung
Published: November 2022

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems play an important role in helping companies identify and keep sales and service prospects. CRM service providers offer a range of tools and techniques that will help find, sell to and keep customers. To be effective, CRM users usually require extensive training. Predictive CRM using machine learning expands the capabilities of traditional CRM through the provision of predictive insights for CRM users by combining internal and external data. In this paper, we will explore a novel idea of computationally learning salesmanship, its patterns and success factors to drive industry intuitions for a more predictable road to a vehicle sale. The newly discovered patterns and insights are used to act as a virtual guide or trainer for the general CRM user population.
Personalizing a Dialogue System With Transfer Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mo Kaixiang , Zhang Yu , Li Shuangyin , Li Jiajun , Yang Qiang
Published: November 2022

It is difficult to train a personalized task-oriented dialogue system because the data collected from each individual is often insufficient. Personalized dialogue systems trained on a small dataset is likely to overfit and make it difficult to adapt to different user needs. One way to solve this problem is to consider a collection of multiple users as a source domain and an individual user as a target domain, and to perform transfer learning from the source domain to the target domain. By following this idea, we propose a PErsonalized Task-oriented diALogue (PETAL) system, a transfer reinforcement learning framework based on POMDP, to construct a personalized dialogue system. The PETAL system first learns common dialogue knowledge from the source domain and then adapts this knowledge to the target domain. The proposed PETAL system can avoid the negative transfer problem by considering differences between the source and target users in a personalized Q-function. Experimental results on a real-world coffee-shopping data and simulation data show that the proposed PETAL system can learn optimal policies for different users, and thus effectively improve the dialogue quality under the personalized setting.
Adaptive Co-attention Network for Named Entity Recognition in Tweets
Authors: Zhang Qi , Fu Jinlan , Liu Xiaoyu , Huang Xuanjing
Published: November 2022

In this study, we investigate the problem of named entity recognition for tweets. Named entity recognition is an important task in natural language processing and has been carefully studied in recent decades.  Previous named entity recognition methods usually only used the textual content when processing tweets. However, many tweets contain not only textual content, but also images. Such visual information is also valuable in the name entity recognition task. To make full use of textual and visual information, this paper proposes a novel method to process tweets that contain multimodal information. We extend a bi-directional long short term memory network with conditional random fields and an adaptive co-attention network to achieve this task.  To evaluate the proposed methods, we constructed a large scale labeled dataset that contained multimodal tweets. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method could achieve a better performance than the previous methods in most cases.
Hierarchical Recurrent Attention Network for Response Generation
Authors: Xing Chen , Wu Yu , Wu Wei , Huang Yalou , Zhou Ming
Published: November 2022

We study multi-turn response generation in chatbots where a response is generated according to a conversation context.   Existing work has modeled the hierarchy of the context, but does not pay enough attention to the fact that words and utterances in the context are differentially important. As a result, they may lose important information in context and generate irrelevant responses. We propose a hierarchical recurrent attention network (HRAN) to model both the hierarchy and the importance variance in a unified framework. In HRAN, a hierarchical attention mechanism attends to important parts within and among utterances with word level attention and utterance level attention respectively.
Tree-Structured Neural Machine for Linguistics-Aware Sentence Generation
Authors: Zhou Ganbin , Luo Ping , Cao Rongyu , Xiao Yijun , Lin Fen , Chen Bo , He Qing
Published: November 2022

Different from other sequential data, sentences in natural language are structured by linguistic grammars. Previous generative conversational models with chain-structured decoder ignore this structure in human language and might generate plausible responses with less satisfactory relevance and fluency. In this study, we aim to incorporate the results from linguistic analysis into the process of sentence generation for high-quality conversation generation. Specifically, we use a dependency parser to transform each response sentence into a dependency tree and construct a training corpus of sentence-tree pairs. A tree-structured decoder is developed to learn the mapping from a sentence to its tree, where different types of hidden states are used to depict the local dependencies from an internal tree node to its children. For training acceleration, we propose a tree canonicalization method, which transforms trees into equivalent ternary trees. Then, with a proposed tree-structured search method, the model is able to generate the most probable responses in the form of dependency trees, which are finally flattened into sequences as the system output. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed X2Tree framework outperforms baseline methods over 11.15% increase of acceptance ratio.
Generalizing and Improving Bilingual Word Embedding Mappings with a Multi-Step Framework of Linear Transformations
Authors: Artetxe Mikel , Labaka Gorka , Agirre Eneko
Published: November 2022

Using a dictionary to map independently trained word embeddings to a shared space has shown to be an effective approach to learn bilingual word embeddings. In this work, we propose a multi-step framework of linear transformations that generalizes a substantial body of previous work. The core step of the framework is an orthogonal transformation, and existing methods can be explained in terms of the additional normalization, whitening, re-weighting, de-whitening and dimensionality reduction steps. This allows us to gain new insights into the behavior of existing methods, including the effectiveness of inverse regression, and design a novel variant that obtains the best published results in zero-shot bilingual lexicon extraction. The corresponding software is released as an open source project.
Controlling Global Statistics in Recurrent Neural Network Text Generation
Authors: Noraset Thanapon , Demeter David , Downey Doug
Published: November 2022

Recurrent neural network language models (RNNLMs) are an essential component for many language generation tasks such as machine translation, summarization, and automated conversation. Often, we would like to subject the text generated by the RNNLM to constraints, in order to overcome systemic errors (e.g. word repetition) or achieve application-specific goals (e.g. more positive sentiment). In this paper, we present a method for training RNNLMs to simultaneously optimize likelihood and follow a given set of statistical constraints on text generation.  The problem is challenging because the statistical constraints are defined over aggregate model behavior, rather than model parameters, meaning that a straightforward parameter regularization approach is insufficient.  We solve this problem using a dynamic regularizer that updates as training proceeds, based on the generative behavior of the RNNLMs.  Our experiments show that the dynamic regularizer outperforms both generic training and a static regularization baseline.  The approach is successful at improving word-level repetition statistics by a factor of four in RNNLMs on a definition modeling task.  It also improves model perplexity when the statistical constraints are $n$-gram statistics taken from a large corpus.
How Images Inspire Poems: Generating Classical Chinese Poetry from Images with Memory Networks
Authors: Xu Linli , Jiang Liang , Qin Chuan , Wang Zhe , Du Dongfang
Published: November 2022

With the recent advances of neural models and natural language processing, automatic generation of classical Chinese poetry has drawn significant attention due to its artistic and cultural value. Previous works mainly focus on generating poetry given keywords or other text information, while visual inspirations for poetry have been rarely explored. Generating poetry from images is much more challenging than generating poetry from text, since images contain very rich visual information which cannot be described completely using several keywords, and a good poem should convey the image accurately. In this paper, we propose a memory based neural model which exploits images to generate poems. Specifically, an Encoder-Decoder model with a topic memory network is proposed to generate classical Chinese poetry from images. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work attempting to generate classical Chinese poetry from images with neural networks. A comprehensive experimental investigation with both human evaluation and quantitative analysis demonstrates that the proposed model can generate poems which convey images accurately.
Meta Multi-Task Learning for Sequence Modeling
Authors: Chen Junkun , Qiu Xipeng , Liu Pengfei , Huang Xuanjing
Published: November 2022

Semantic composition functions have been playing a pivotal role in neural representation learning of text sequences. In spite of their success, most existing models suffer from the underfitting problem: they use the same shared compositional function on all the positions in the sequence, thereby lacking expressive power due to incapacity to capture the richness of compositionality. Besides, the composition functions of different tasks are independent and learned from scratch. In this paper, we propose a new sharing scheme of composition function across multiple tasks. Specifically, we use a shared meta-network to capture the meta-knowledge of semantic composition and generate the parameters of the task-specific semantic composition models. We conduct extensive experiments on two types of tasks, text classification and sequence tagging, which demonstrate the benefits of our approach. Besides, we show that the shared meta-knowledge learned by our proposed model can be regarded as off-the-shelf knowledge and easily transferred to new tasks.
DeepType: Multilingual Entity Linking by Neural Type System Evolution
Authors: Raiman Jonathan , Raiman Olivier
Published: November 2022

The wealth of structured (e.g. Wikidata) and unstructured data about the world available today presents an incredible opportunity for tomorrow's Artificial Intelligence. So far, integration of these two different modalities is a difficult process, involving many decisions concerning how best to represent the information so that it will be captured or useful, and hand-labeling large amounts of data.DeepType overcomes this challenge by explicitly integrating symbolic information into the reasoning process of a neural network with a type system.First we construct a type system, and second, we use it to constrain the outputs of a neural network to respect the symbolic structure. We achieve this by reformulating the design problem into a mixed integer problem: create a type system and subsequently train a neural network with it. In this reformulation discrete variables select which parent-child relations from an ontology are types within the type system, while continuous variables control a classifier fit to the type system. The original problem cannot be solved exactly, so we propose a 2-step algorithm: 1) heuristic search or stochastic optimization over discrete variables that define a type system informed by an Oracle and a Learnability heuristic, 2) gradient descent to fit classifier parameters.We apply DeepType to the problem of Entity Linking on three standard datasets (i.e. WikiDisamb30, CoNLL (YAGO), TAC KBP 2010) and find that it outperforms all existing solutions by a wide margin, including approaches that rely on a human-designed type system or recent deep learning-based entity embeddings, while explicitly using symbolic information lets it integrate new entities without retraining.
Factores asociados a la percepción del estado de salud en habitantes de calle de Medellín
Authors: Peñata Bedoya Carlos Adrián , Berbesí Fernández Dedsy , Segura Cardona Ángela María
Published: November 2022

Objetivos: Describir la percepción del estado de salud de un grupo de habitantes de calle y establecer posibles factores asociados con la salud percibida. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cross-sectional. Se obtuvo información sobre características del contexto demográfico, social, económico, comportamientos de riesgo, y la percepción de salud de los habitantes de calle. El análisis incluyó descripciones demográficas de la población, asociaciones bivariadas y una regresión explicativa de tipo multinomial. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en el segundo semestre de 2014 en la ciudad de Medellín Colombia. Resultados: 338 habitantes de calle participaron del estudio, de los cuales, el 82% fueron de sexo masculino, un promedio de edad de 40,3±11,5 años y un predominio de estado civil soltero del 71,3%. Cuando presentaron problemas de salud, el 31,5% consultaron; el 17,5% manifestaron sentir un estado de salud empeorado y el 34% una percepción mejor. Conclusiones: Un peor estado de salud se asoció con: mendicidad, haber padecido ITS, consumir alcohol, lesiones por accidente o violencia y dolor físico o malestar no especificado; no saber el tipo de vinculación al sistema de salud fue común para ambos.
Clan, institución y proyecto emancipador
Authors: Chapela Ma. del Consuelo
Published: November 2022

Podríamos ubicar a la promoción de la salud entre las prácticas sociales sustantivas de la existencia y vida humana. Desde que fuimos clan, las prácticas de construcción de las palabras, de creación de proyectos, las de los centinelas oteando el entorno, las religiosas protectoras o de celebración, las de producción y transmisión de saberes y prácticas que permitieron la vida cotidiana, las de selección de alimentos y hierbas curativas, las de fijación de las historias en paredes, la construcción de herramientas y utensilios, de acompañamiento del parto, nombrar a los nuevos miembros del grupo, imaginar maneras de enterrar a los muertos o cultivar el fuego, entre otras muchas prácticas, fueron maneras en que los humanos cuidamos de nosotros(as) mismos(as) y de cada miembro del clan, reuniendo nuestros poderes y permitiendo así la vida colectiva. A esas prácticas nos debemos.
Menosprecio y riesgo en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres viviendo con VIH en Medellín.
Authors: Marín Posada Sebastián , Posada Zapata Isabel Cristina
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: comprender los significados de menosprecio construidos por hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) viviendo con VIH y su relación con prácticas de riesgo, en el área metropolitana de Medellín, 2016. Métodos: enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron 11 entrevistas que fueron codificadas y analizadas siguiendo el método de Teoría Fundada propuesto por Strauss y Corbin. El muestreo tuvo dos momentos, en el primero se desarrolló un muestreo intencional estratificado y en el segundo un muestreo teórico. Participaron 8 HSH con VIH mayores de 18 años y residentes del área metropolitana de Medellín. Resultados: los significados de menosprecio derivados de experiencias de menosprecio vividas en diferentes escenarios de socialización por HSH con VIH permiten comprender prácticas de riesgo en este grupo poblacional. Discusión: las prácticas de cuidado y de riesgo de HSH con VIH están influenciadas por un contexto relacional donde se llevan a cabo interacciones de reconocimiento y menosprecio. En esta trama la heteronormatividad es un elemento central que atraviesa los vínculos en escenarios privados (familia, amigos, pareja) y públicos (instituciones educativas, de salud, etc.); de modo que las prácticas de cuidado-riesgo merecen ser comprendidas en clave de justicia social y no sólo como aptitudes meramente individuales.
Blood flow restriction training in South Africa – a panel discussion
Authors: Evans Robert William , Ganda Janesh , Van Schalkwyk Lize , Fabricius David L. , Cornelissen Marius
Published: November 2022

Background: Blood flow restriction (BFR) training uses a cuff to partially occlude venous blood flow and improve musculoskeletal training outcomes. Over the past 25 years, numerous studies have demonstrated its relative safety and efficacy.
Objectives: Blood flow restriction training is under review by the Health Professions Council of South Africa due to safety and ethical concerns. The objective of this roundtable discussion is to gain better insight into the current use and perception of blood flow restriction training in South Africa.
Formation of panel: The expert panel had experience with the use of BFR training and included one representative from each of the following professions, namely, sports medicine, physiotherapy and biokinetics.
Discussion: The panellists provided their unique perspectives on BFR training, whilst reaching a relative consensus on its safety, screening, efficacy, and appropriate use. Agreement on appropriate loading and occlusion pressure protocols during different phases of rehabilitation was less clear.
Conclusion: Although BFR is a safe and effective modality, the development of evidence-based protocols among different health professionals in South Africa is required to ensure good clinical practice.
Stressors in Dental Students During the Transition from Theory to Practice: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Hashemipour Maryam Alsadat , Hosseini Vida , Kamyabi Homa
Published: November 2022

Dentistry is one of the most challenging, demanding, and stressful fields of study. Dental students are expected to acquire various skills, including academic, clinical, and interpersonal skills. This study aimed to investigate the stressors in students during the transition from theory to practice through qualitative research methods and ultimately improve curricula used for learning. This cross-sectional study was performed on fourth to sixth year students of Kerman Dental School through interviews. Interviews related to the experienced clinical stress and challenges and experiences in the clinical environment were conducted with 40 students (16 males and 24 females) who were randomly included in the study and the participants' statements were recorded with their consent. The interview continued until the stage of information saturation and at the end it was confirmed by the participants in the study. Qualitative data were analyzed based on content analysis and then the data were classified. In this study, 8 people were in the fourth year, 16 people were in the fifth year and 16 people were in the sixth year. According to the statements and experiences of students, stressors such as reprimand and lack of time were the most common causes of clinical stress. Other factors, such as professors' attitudes and infection control, also had a significant effect on stress. Patient related factors such as not having a patient, their late or late arrival, and being harassed at work were also cited as causes of stress. Many factors in the clinical environment play a role in the stress of dental students, which can be eliminated or reduced to greatly contribute to the quality of education. According to the results of this study and the recognition of stressors in the clinical environment, more attention of the authorities to this field and the need to review clinical education seems necessary
Maxillofacial Radiology 202
Authors: Smit Chané , Robinson Liam
Published: November 2022

A 30-year-old male patient, RVD-reactive on treatment, presented with a fast-growing, painful swelling involving the mandible of unknown duration. A panoramic radiograph (PR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging were performed. What are the pertinent radiological features and your diagnostic hypothesis?
Misleading advertising – What is our duty as dental professionals towards our patients and the public?
Authors: Sykes Leanne , Babiolakis George P
Published: November 2022

There are currently several media adverts on radio and television in which “experts” confidently inform the public of their unique kinds of toothpaste which not only strengthen but can rebuild enamel and lost tooth substance.The concerns raised in this paper relate to pharmaceutical companies preying on uninformed, concerned, and often-compromised consumers to promote their products. To this end, some make fallacious claims, misrepresent or overinflate their products' therapeutic potential, which all overtly or covertly create false hopes and unrealistic expectations. The profession needs to collectively identify a body that will monitor the information presented to the public by dental manufacturers, advertising bodies, and social media websites. If we stand by and say nothing, we agree with the data and legitimize the product. Dental clinicians need to be more accountable, active, and visible on television, social media sites and in popular publications providing educational information and, if necessary, dispelling false perceptions. We have a duty to the public
Public Action for Prevention of Iatrogenic Transmission Of CJD
Authors: Yang YoungSoon , Kwak Yong Tae
Published: November 2022

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rare and a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal neurodegenerative disorder believed to be caused by an abnormal isoform of a cellular glycoprotein known as the prion protein. The disease develops in very different ways, such as sporadic, familial, and iatrogenic. Although there is no means to prevent sporadic and familial CJD outbreaks, iatrogenic CJD can be prevented since the iatrogenic transmission pathway to human is mostly identified. However, despite its public health importance, there is no practical laboratory method for diagnosing this disease in an asymptomatic state. Therefore, it is very important to track the infection route one by one and act public preventive measure. However, there are no manual for prevention of iatrogenic transmission of this disease in Korea. Accordingly, this review summarizes on how to evaluate and act on surgical incidents that occurred in patients with CJD or high-risk patients. However, this is not an easy task for public health management teams as this field continues to require new scientific or specialized clinical knowledge. Therefore, a group or organization of expert panels is needed to manage and make decisions in general. Finally, this review was made with reference to the management regulations of countries with widespread exposure to CJD, including variant CJD. In other words, it is a very conservative and strict safety-oriented guideline. However, since the surveillance of diseases must take into each national medical situation and economic burden, some readjustments are necessary to the situation of the Republic of Korea.
A Case of Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Presenting with Multiple Cerebral Arterial Dissections
Authors: Yang Seong Kyu , Lee Byeongcheon , Ko Yoona , Kim Jun Yup
Published: November 2022

Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is caused by dysfunctional COL3A1 gene for type III procollagen. It presents with translucent skin, easy bruising, and arterial dissection. It has the worst prognosis among various types of EDS with hollow-organ rupture as the leading cause of death, mounting to the median life expectancy of mid-40s. We report a rare case of vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome presenting late in the fifth decade of life with multiple arterial dissections isolated to cerebral arteries.
Cell line information v2
Authors: R Kennedy Philippa
Published: November 2022

An amalgamation of cell line data in the lab. Its origin and standard culture conditions.
Figure-Ground Alignment Patterns in Indonesian
Authors: Satyawati Made Sri , Krisnawati Ni Luh Putu , Purnawati Ketut Widya , Artawa Ketut
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates the syntax and semantics of two verbal suffixes in Indonesian. The two verbal suffixes are the suffix –kan and -i. Many linguists have studied the verbal suffix -kan, whereas the verbal suffix –i got less attention. This paper discusses the suffix –kan in conjunction with the suffix –i. The suffix –kan marks a causative verb, and the suffix –i a locative verb. A causative verb has A FIGURE object, whereas a locative verb has a GROUND object. The proposed analysis employing causative and locative alignment patterns showed a more revealing result of the main functions of the suffix –kan and –i.
Chain Network Control with Delay by an Auxiliary Loop Method
Authors: Imangazieva A.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the development of control algorithms for a network of agents of a chain network, each agent of which is a linear plant with state delay, subject to the action of external disturbances under conditions of a priori uncertainty. In each agent of the network, the output of the previous agent is monitored, and the signal from the leading subsystem arrives only at the first agent of the network, the communication is one-way. Taking into account the time delay in the models of each agent of the network of such a structure makes them close to real ones. In agent control systems, disturbances are compensated by implementing the principle of invariance, namely, in each network agent, compensation for the action of external disturbances acting on the network agent from the outside, as well as internal disturbances caused by various modes of operation of the plant, is carried out by generating a special disturbance signal, and then it subsequent compensation with the help of an auxiliary loop and Khalil observers. A numerical example of a chain network consisting of four linear control plants is given under the conditions of interval uncertainty of the parameters of their mathematical models, state delay and the action of external uncontrolled disturbances. Numerical simulation was carried out in Matlab Simulink. Graphs of transient processes for tracking errors of agents of the chain network are presented, confirming the theoretical conclusions and illustrating the good performance of the control algorithms for the chain network.
Seismogenic Structure and Tectonic Mechanism of the 2021 Mw 5.0 Yancheng Earthquake in the South Yellow Sea Basin, East Asia
Authors: Hu Panpan , Yang Xiaodong , Yang Fengli , Zhang Jinchang , Zhou Zhiyuan , Dong Ruowen
Published: November 2022

On 17 November 2021, a moment magnitude (Mw) 5.0 earthquake occurred off the Yancheng city in the South Yellow Sea. This earthquake has caused ground motions and been felt by people in a few megacities in east China, for example, Shanghai, Nanjing. However, due to limited seismic data, the focal fault and mechanism of this earthquake remain unknown. Here, we combine the seismic profiles, seismicity, focal mechanism, well data with regional tectonics to investigate the seismotectonics of this event and the possible role of fluid migration in triggering the earthquake. Our new results suggest that two sets of preexisting strike-slip faults were developed near the epicenter of the Yancheng earthquake, including the north–northeast-trending fault F1, the North Wunansha fault, and the northwest-trending fault F5. These preexisting faults have been reactivated entirely or partly with dextral and sinistral motions during the Miocene to Quaternary. Fault F1 runs through the epicenter of the Yancheng earthquake and is therefore interpreted to be the seismogenic fault. Various igneous complexes and associated hydrothermal vent complexes have been identified in the vicinity of the reactivated fault F1 and other strike-slip faults. Combined with the published igneous rock ages from nearby region, the igneous and hydrothermal activities were suggested to be continue until the Miocene and Quaternary, which are coincident with the reactivation of the preexisting strike-slip faults. The reactivation of the preexisting fault, and igneous and associated hydrothermal activities were suggested to be caused by the subduction of Pacific and Philippine Sea plates and collision of India and Eurasia plate. The hydrothermal fluids may have migrated through the preexisting fault F1 and other strike-slip faults, which enhanced the reactivation of these faults and in turn promoted the fault slip, eventually triggering the Yancheng earthquake and other historical events in the study area.
Multi-channel estimation of time residuals from broadband seismic data using multi-wavelets
Authors: Bear Lorie K. , Pavlis Gary L.
Published: November 2022

We describe a new multi-channel procedure for estimating arrival time residuals from seismic array data. It incorporates aspects of three traditional array processing methods: frequency-domain beamforming, time-domain beamforming, and principal-component analysis. We start by applying the multi-wavelet transform to the data, which yields a suite of narrow-band seismograms. We use the multi-wavelet transform, instead of the windowed Fourier transform, for superior control over both the time and frequency resolution. We employ a beamforming procedure that uses principal component analysis on the transformed, time-aligned data. The values in the principal component vector and value pair are used to calculate a measure of coherence analogous to semblance. A measure of the misfit of the data to our plane-wave model is contained in the phase differences in the principal component vector. The phase differences can be converted directly to time residuals, but they are only resolvable to a fraction of the analyzing wavelength. Hence, our method is a staged process that moves from lower to higher analyzing frequency bands. We present two data examples that illustrate the wide range of spatial and temporal scales over which this approach can be applied. First, we determine time residuals for the deep-focus Bolivian earthquake of 1994 for a set of broadband stations spread over most of southern California. The time residuals had a range of 2 sec, and after their removal, we were able to stack the data to over 1.0 Hz. Second, we study a local event recorded by high-frequency sensors at an array in Turkmenistan with an aperture of less than 1 km. We found that the time residuals only had a range of 0.02 sec, but by removing them, we significantly improved the stack of the data for the arrival's dominant frequency.
Seismicity and stress-tensor inversion in the central Washington Cascade Mountains
Authors: Giampiccolo Elisabetta , Musumeci Carla , Malone Stephen D. , Gresta Stefano , Privitera Eugenio
Published: November 2022

Tectonic stress in the Pacific Northwest Washington is dominated by a N-S major compressive axis, σ1, and a minor compressive axis, σ3, which varies from E-W to near vertical. Some variations in this pattern occur in different parts of the region. In this study, we used 550 earthquakes in the central Washington Cascade Mountains to study, in detail, the uniformity of the stress tensor in this volcanic arc. Earthquakes from the Pacific Northwest Seismograph Network (PNSN) catalog were divided into several subsets based on epicentral and depth groupings, and stress-tensor inversions using the Gephart and Forsyth technique were computed for each group. As in previous similar studies, the maximum compressive stress axis, σ1, is nearly horizontal and trending N-S to NNE-SSW in all but one subset. Shallower events directly under Mount Rainier have a near-vertical σ1. For other subsets, the minimum compressive stress axis, σ3, deviates from vertical to horizontal for different groups of events. In particular, events in the depth range of 10 to 14 km in the western Rainier seismic zone (WRSZ) have near-vertical σ3 direction, whereas other depth ranges in this area show a near-horizontal, E-W σ3 orientation. We hypothesize that the change in orientation of σ3 in the 10 to 14 km depth range in the WRSZ may be due to the influence of the nearby Mount Rainier magmatic system. Independent evidence for magma at this depth comes in the form of a few deep long-period (LP) events.
An Exploration of a Novel Swelling Co-Polymeric Material and its Mechanical, Swelling, and Refixation Capabilities
Authors:   , Zegarski Ryan Matthew , Siegler Sorin
Published: November 2022

For orthopedic surgical procedures requiring fixation to bone, the conventionally used metallic bone anchors, like suture anchors and screws, derive their fixation through the shear strength of the bone located between the threads. While they are viable for medical use, they have many disadvantages including damage to surrounding bone after catastrophic failure, stress shielding from a difference in material property, and a lack of osteointegration and remodeling that is mechanically induced. In this exploration, a means for producing porosity in a previously created swelling co-polymeric material was introduced. Porosity was created through the inclusion of a non-dissolvable agent (NaCl) that was added before polymerization and later removed using water. Cylindrical bone anchors were created using the swelling co-polymer and their swelling and compressive mechanical characteristics were examined. The bone anchors studied belonged to one of three configurations: fully solid, fully porous, and a solid core with a porous outer layer. An exploration was also conducted into the swelling anchors' refixation ability and the damage that occurs to the surrounding implantation medium after dislodgement. The results of this swelling and mechanical characterizations found that the anchors with a solid core and porous outer coating exhibited the most desirable performance, with mechanical properties close to that of cancellous bone, fast swelling response, and enough porous material to mechanically induce osteointegration. The refixation exploration found that the anchors are able to maintain their strength after dislocation and even continue swelling.
Does the context matter? Responsible Leadership in Latin America. A Literature Review.
Authors: Hincapie Maria X. , Sánchez Iván D.
Published: November 2022

Although it is a relatively new concept, the literature on responsible leadership has gained prominence. Some systematic reviews have been published but none have focused on analyzing the Latin American context or tried to establish the role that it can play in the emergence of this phenomenon. This article reviewed the research on responsible leadership in Latin America and established two specific roles: On the one hand, the context can act as a pushing force, promoting the moral development of a responsible leader; on the other hand, the context can act as a pulling force that demands the emergence of responsible leaders. This research lays the foundations for research on responsible leadership in Latin America and highlights the importance of the context in its appearance, particularly in developing economies.
Factores que influyen en la intención de compra física y en línea de adultos mayores en supermercados
Authors: Giraldo Acosta Sadoth , Cavazos Arroyo Judith , Mayett Moreno Yésica , Calderón Valencia Cecilia Isabel
Published: November 2022

Esta investigación buscó establecer las relaciones estructurales entre los riesgos percibidos con la recomendación personal y electrónica del voz a voz, su impacto en la credibilidad de la marca y la intención de compra física y en línea de los adultos mayores en los supermercados de Bogotá, Colombia. Participaron 501 adultos mayores y los datos se analizaron mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales de mínimos cuadrados parciales. Se demostró la existencia de altos riesgos percibidos tanto en las compras físicas como en las compras en línea. Estos riesgos influyen en el voz a voz personal y electrónico; además, impactan en la credibilidad de la marca, lo que repercute en la intención de compra física y en línea. Se sugieren acciones estratégicas para atender a esta población.
Un repaso por la era de la información: aportes y límites
Authors: Ferrant Coline
Published: November 2022

Este rescate de libro repasa por la trilogía La era de la información publicada por el sociólogo Manuel Castells a finales de los años noventa. Se explican los aportes de este marco teórico: una conceptualización original de la estructura social, la formulación del concepto de redes de información, y una explicación de cómo estas redes de información transforman la estructura social – hacia la sociedad red. Luego, se pone a La era de la información en perspectiva: se consideran críticas teóricas (sería tan novedoso y tan completo como lo pretende), refutaciones empíricas (supone cierto determinismo tecnológico), y problemas normativos (no presta suficiente atención a los conflictos sociales).
Comunicar para fortalecer la Universidad en pandemia
Authors: Romano Pablo
Published: November 2022

La pandemia por Covid-19 y el aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio, dispuesto a raíz de ella, ocasionó un escenario sin precedentes. En ese contexto de confinamiento, las comunicaciones a través de los medios sociales adoptaron un rol central aún mayor al que tenían, sobre todo en instituciones que requerían sostener el vínculo con sus stakeholders. El caso de la Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora no fue la excepción, y por eso debió apelar a distintas estrategias comunicacionales para sostener lazos identitarios y de pertenencia con su comunidad en tiempos de incertidumbre como los vividos en el país durante 2020.
Determination of the coherence of the interface between the solid solution and intermetallic phasesin monocrystal cast alloys based on the Ni3Al intermetallic compound by the X-ray diffraction method
Authors: Nazarkin R.M. , Zhigalina O.M.
Published: November 2022

The paper considers splitting of the solid solution gamma phase diffraction peaks in the nickel heat-resistant alloys, including alloys based on the Ni3Al intermetallic compound with the heterophase structure. It is shown that the effect of splitting the solid solution gamma phase diffraction peaks is missing in the alloys based on the Ni3Al intermetallic compound with heterophase structure, in contrast to the nickel heat-resistant alloys. It was established that splitting of the solid solution gamma phase diffraction peaks in the diffraction pattern was caused by tetragonal distortion of the gamma phase crystal lattice (solid solution) exposed to the interphase stresses. Only under condition of the interphase boundary coherence exposed to the interfacial stresses the tetragonal distortion of the gamma phase crystal lattice (solid solution) appeared. Therefore, a conclusion could be made based on the absence of splitting the gamma phase diffraction peaks that the interphase boundary (interface) coherence was missing in alloys based on the Ni3Al intermetallic compound with the heterophase structure.
The Mystical Correspondence Between The Epoch Of The Hijra And The Biblical Year Of Creation Supported By A Tradition Mentioned By Abu Al-Fadl And Abd Al-Qadir Baduni
Authors: Cohen Ariel
Published: November 2022

The connections between astronomy and timekeeping are longstanding. One approach to the teaching of Astronomy is it can serve as a unique platform to illustrate the advancement of science from ancient times along with the strong interrelation between science and religion. Here we chose to describe the influence of astronomical measurements that led to the determination of calendars with emphasis on the Islamic epoch: During the second century the Ethiopian Church placed the world’s year of creation (YOC) at exactly 5500 years before the Incarnation, thus expressing the view that it is related to the first day of the second half of the sixth millennium since their believed to be the YOC. The Ethiopian Church also believed that the astronomical visualization of the sky in the YOC which placed the vernal equinox and the newmoon in the same day, repeated itself in the year 5500. In a previous work we showed that “Astronomical coincidence" is a notion originated from Jews who believed that the YOC, Exodus, and the building of the Temple were mystically connected by similar rare newmoon events relative to the vernal equinox. Here we show that the founders of Islam believed in a similar mystical coincidence, explicitly that the 16th of July, 622 AD,- the epoch of the Islamic calendar-, is exactly the day in which the 6000th lunar year started after the biblical creation based on the number of solar years from creation as determined by Eusebius. We show that our astronomical calculations are in accordance with a tradition mentioned by Abu al-Fadl and Badauni.
A Phenomenographic Analysis Of Students’ Experience Of Geological Time
Authors: Lundqvist Jennie , Svensson Kim , Ljung Karl , Eriksson Urban , Eriksson Moa
Published: November 2022

Geological time is by many geoscience instructors considered a threshold concept for geoscience students, being a central concept for how we experience geosceince phenomena that takes place on a spatio-temporal scale ranging from micro (e.g. cloud formation) to macro (e.g. plate tectonics). If one wishes to understand geoscience phenomena that goes beyond human perception, one must move from the concrete toward the abstract—from experiencing a phenomenon with one’s senses toward an experience of the phenomenon that is based on an mind construct; we refer to such competency as disciplinary spatio-temporal competency (DSTC). The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of how first-year students in a geoscience program in Sweden experience and represent the phenomenon of geological time, i.e. to capture their DSTC. Analyazing data from three semi-structured group interviews using a phenomenographic approach revealed how the students express geological time through their language, their gestures, and their visualizations. From the result in this study, including four qualitatively different themes, or categories of description, it is possible to conclude that the students' way of expressing geological time give rise to exciting interpretations and we believe that these expressions can provide information also about how students experience (and learn about) geological time. We report that through students’ illustrations and discussions, students experience geological time as something more than a static one-dimensional straight line. The data analysis shows that students connect geological time with spatio-temporal aspects from various geosientific phenomena, one example of such an dynamic description of geological time is “One simply fills it with more information” indicating that the students experience geological time as two-dimensional (space and time).
Planetarium Use In Introductory Astronomy Courses
Authors: Trump Jason B. , Lawler M. Jeannette
Published: November 2022

Many planetariums are situated at institutions of higher learning, but there is little documentation about how these facilities are being used. We present an analysis of a survey designed to explore planetarium use in introductory astronomy courses taught to undergraduates. The survey asked about 11 learning objectives, which were chosen through an investigation of online course descriptions at 10 universities in the United States. Planetarium users answered questions about what they are teaching, how long they are teaching it, and what media they are using to teach it. We distributed the survey to approximately 289 institutions around the United States which were categorized as institutions of learning in the online Worldwide Planetariums Database. There were 85 responses to the survey with 78 providing enough information to be useful. Results show that college and university planetariums are primarily being used to teach the night sky and that planetarium users at these institutions prefer to teach through unscripted use rather than scripted shows. We discuss potential implications to content development and further research in instructional methodology.
Evaluation de la Douleur et de L’anxiété Liées à la Chirurgie de la Cataracte
Authors: Vonor Kokou , Bagna Fabice , Nagbé Yawa , Tété Yaovi , Ayéna Koffi Didier , Balo Komi Patrice
Published: November 2022

Objectifs : Répertorier et analyser les facteurs liés à l’anxiété et à la douleur liées à la chirurgie de cataracte sous anesthésie locorégionale à Lomé. Matériels et méthodes : Nous avons réalisé une étude transversale, sur une période de 7 mois de Janvier à Juillet 2020, sur des patients devant bénéficier d’une chirurgie de la cataracte. L’anxiété préopératoire a été évaluée à l’aide de l’Amsterdm preoperative anxiety and information scale (APAIS cotée de 6 à 30) avant chaque intervention. La douleur post-opératoire était mesurée par l’échelle visuelle analogique (EVA coté de 0 à 10). Résultats : Au total 105 patients ont été inclus, dont 50 hommes et 55 femmes soit un sex-ratio (H/F) de 0,91. L’âge moyen était de 61,71±14,14 [22-88] ans. La durée moyenne de la chirurgie était 22,52±6,73 minutes. Le score moyen d’anxiété préopératoire globale était de 7,22 ± 3,14. Les femmes avaient un score moyen d’anxiété globale de 8,04 contre 6,32 pour les hommes. Le score moyen d’anxiété préopératoire globale du premier œil était de 6,75 contre 8,72 pour le deuxième œil. Le facteur préopératoire le plus anxiogène était : le sentiment de ressentir une douleur postopératoire (19,05 %) suivi de la possibilité de perdre l’œil opéré (9,52 %). Parmi les 105 patients, 5 (4,76%) ont déclaré une douleur postopératoire immédiate égale à 4 selon l’EVA pour le premier œil contre 8 (10,26%) pour le deuxième œil. En postopératoire immédiat, 12,73% des femmes ont exprimé une douleur à 4 selon l’EVA contre 12% d’hommes. Conclusion : La gestion de l’anxiété et de la douleur liées à la chirurgie de la cataracte passe par l’information du patient sur l’anesthésie, la chirurgie, le suivi post opératoire, et sur le résultat visuel attendu.