bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Novel Multicellular 3D Spheroids for Discrete Subaortic Stenosis
Authors: Ji Pengfei , Brimmer Sunita , Balaji Swathi , Birla Ravi K. , Heinle Jeffrey S. , Grande-Allen Jane , Keswani Sundeep G.
Published: August 2023

In this study, we propose a new method for bioprinting 3D Spheroids to
study complex congenital heart disease known as discrete subaortic
stenosis (DSS). The bioprinter allows us to manipulate the extrusion
pressure to change the size of the spheroids, and the alginate porosity
increases in size over time. The Spheroids is composed of human
umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and we demonstrated that
pressure and time during the bio-printing process can modulate the
diameter of the spheroids. In addition, we used Pluronic to maintain the
shape and position of the spheroids. Characterization of HUVECs in the
Spheroids confirmed their uniform distribution, making them a suitable
model for understanding interactions between macrophages, endocardial
endothelial cells (EECs), and DSS fibroblasts. The multiple cells typing
in 3D spheroids extend the horizon to study the functional interactions
between cells in promoting fibrosis and DSS pathology. Compared to
traditional 2D cell cultures, the 3D spheroids model provide more
relevant physiological environments, making it valuable for drug testing
and therapeutic applications.
Trend and Emerging Types of “419” SCAMS
Authors:   Cyber Security Department Nigerian Defence Academy Kaduna, Nigeria, Falade Polra Victor
Published: August 2023

Technological advancements have revolutionized various aspects of human life, facilitating communication, business operations, healthcare, education, and environmental monitoring. However, this increased reliance on technology has also led to a surge in cybercrime, including cyber scams. The "419 scam" or Nigerian scam has been a persistent problem for decades, encompassing frauds like advance fee scams, fake lotteries, and black money scams. Initially prevalent through postal mail and later via fax, the scam has now transitioned to email. This study aims to identify recent types of 419 scam emails, particularly after the covid 19 pandemic, and explore commonly used email subjects. Analysis of the sample 419 scam emails revealed trending scams like lucky winner, threat of exposure, business/partnership proposals, investment, cancer/long-term illness, fund, and compensation scams. Emerging scams included COVID-related, cryptocurrency, marketing contact, and software development scams. Irrespective of the scam type, scammers commonly employed email subjects such as 'Re', 'Good day', 'Greetings', 'Dear friend', 'Confirm', 'Attention', and 'Hello dear'. The severity of cybercrime, especially the 419 scams, cannot be overstated, as it erodes trust, causes financial losses, and hampers Nigeria's reputation and economic progress. Combatting cyber scams and enhancing cybersecurity measures are crucial to protect individuals and organizations from falling victim to these fraudulent schemes. Keyword: ‘419’ scams, cybercrime, emails, cybersecurity Proceedings Citation Format Falade, P.V. (2023): Trend and Emerging Types of “419” SCAMS. Proceedings of the Cyber Secure Nigeria Conference. Nigerian Army Resource Centre (NARC) Abuja, Nigeria. 11-12th July, 2023. Pp 105-114. https://www.csean.org.ng/. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CSEAN-SMART2023P13
Organization studies Based Appraisal of Institutional Propositions in the Nigeria Data Protection Regulation
Authors:   Department of Information Systems,  School of Information Technology and Computing  American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria, Sabo Sumayya Babangida , Utulu Samuel C. Avemaria
Published: August 2023

The central notion in the organization studies is that the formation, sustenance and demise of organizations are directly connected to the socio-cultural contexts where they are situated. So, the extent organizations are able to handle the challenges to personal data management can be linked to the socio-cultural contexts where they are situated. This justifies the reasons why regulations such as the Nigeria Data Protection Regulation (NDPR) are produced to initiate institutional propositions that shape socio-cultural contexts of organizations into forms that promote efficient personal data management. This study, a part of a larger study, appraises the NDPR in order to assess how the institutional propositions in the regulation can help shape the socio-cultural contexts of organizations in Nigeria, and then, promote personal data management practices. The study uses the narrative literature method to select the publications that were used to reach its objectives. The study addresses the dearth of scientific research that describes how institutional propositions in the NDPR can impact on the socio-cultural contexts of organizations in Nigeria. It also ameliorates gaps in scientific knowledge about how institutional propositions in the NDPR can be legitimized and help restructure socio-cultural contexts of organizations in Nigeria, and in effect, promote efficient personal data management practices. Key words: Personal Data Management, Data Management Regulations, Nigeria Data Protection Regulation, Institutional Theory, Organizations, Nigeria Proceedings Citation Format Sabo, S.B. & Utulu, S.C.A. (2023): Organization studies Based Appraisal of Institutional Propositions in the Nigeria Data Protection Regulation. Proceedings of the Cyber Secure Nigeria Conference. Nigerian Army Resource Centre (NARC) Abuja, Nigeria. 11-12th July, 2023. Pp 115-124. https://cybersecurenigeria.org/conference-proceedings/volume-2-2023/. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CSEAN-SMART2023P14
A Digital Transformative Tool in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Authors:   Layer3, NACCOSS, Olasehinde Victor Moboluwarin
Published: August 2023

inclusive economic growth, this abstract showcases the immense potential of digital tools in advancing the SDGs. It emphasizes the need for strategic partnerships between governments, organizations, and the private sector to leverage the power of technology for sustainable development. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges and risks associated with digital transformation, including issues of access, privacy, and cybersecurity, and the importance of addressing these concerns to ensure equitable and inclusive progress. Ultimately, this abstract demonstrates that digital transformation has emerged as a powerful force in accelerating progress toward sustainable development and calls for collective action to harness its full potential in building a better future for all. Keywords: Digital, Transformation, Tool, SDGs, Goals Proceedings Citation Format Olasehinde Victor Moboluwarinwa (2023): A Digital Transformative Tool in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Proceedings of the Cyber Secure Nigeria Conference. Nigerian Army Resource Centre (NARC) Abuja, Nigeria. 11-12th July, 2023. Pp 135-142. https://cybersecurenigeria.org/conference-proceedings/volume-2-2023/. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CSEAN-SMART2023P16
Cybercrime On Social Media In Nigeria: Trends, Scams, Vulnerabilities and Prevention
Authors:   International School Vietnam National University - Hanoi, Vietnam, Oni Damilola , Arshad Emmanuel , Pham Bich Ngoc
Published: August 2023

Cybercrime on social media in Nigeria allow for an in-depth analysis of the role of social media in facilitating cybercrime activities in Nigeria, focusing on the prevalent scams, tactics used by cybercriminals, and the vulnerabilities that individuals and organizations face. It would also provide an opportunity to delve into the specific case studies, such as advance fee fraud, romance scams, and phishing, as well as exploring additional examples and their implications. By examining the impact of social media on cybercrime in Nigeria, this research contributes to a better understanding of the evolving nature of cyber threats in the digital landscape. It would also shed light on the specific challenges faced by Nigerian society, particularly with the high number of social media users in the country. Furthermore, the research proposes recommendations and strategies to enhance cybersecurity awareness, digital ethics, and protective measures for individuals, businesses, and policymakers to mitigate the risks associated with cybercrime. Keywords: Cybercrime, Social Media, Nigeria, Trends, Scams, Vulnerabilities, Prevention Proceedings Citation Format Oni Damilola, Arshad Emmanuel & Pham Bich Ngoc (2023): Cybercrime On Social Media In Nigeria: Trends, Scams, Vulnerabilities and Prevention. Proceedings of the Cyber Secure Nigeria Conference. Nigerian Army Resource Centre (NARC) Abuja, Nigeria. 11-12th July, 2023. Pp 143-150. https://www.csean.org.ng/. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CSEAN-SMART2023P17
Exploring the Effectiveness of Cybersecurity Training Programs: Factors, Best Practices, and Future Directions
Authors:   School of Information Technology and Computing (SITC) American University of Nigeria,  Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria, Sadiq Nasir Sadiq Nasir
Published: August 2023

Cybersecurity education is essential in equipping individuals with the proper knowledge and skill sets to protect devices, computers, networks and data from cybersecurity risk. This research examines past research in cybersecurity education and training, evaluates the existing literature on Cybersecurity risk to identify research gaps and suggests the future direction of the research phenomenon. The paper evaluates the mechanics that influence the effectiveness of cybersecurity training programs. The paper also presents best practices and success factors for developing cybersecurity training programs. The research presents the benefits of cybersecurity training and awareness program underpinned around addressing human vulnerability to promote a better and positive cybersecurity awareness culture within organisations. It also highlights the need for a company to adhere to legal and regulatory requirements, which is essential in mitigating cybersecurity risk. The findings of this work propose a model for examining the relationship between cybersecurity training and user behaviour; this is made up of the input, process and output components, which are presented with a model to show the connection of the three elements. Key words: Cybersecurity awareness, Training effectiveness, Human factor, Organisational support, Evaluation methodologies, Security culture, User behaviour Proceedings Citation Format Sadiq Nasir (2023): Exploring the Effectiveness of Cybersecurity Training Programs: Factors, Best Practices, and Future Directions. Proceedings of the Cyber Secure Nigeria Conference. Nigerian Army Resource Centre (NARC) Abuja, Nigeria. 11-12th July, 2023. Pp 151-160. https://cybersecurenigeria.org/conference-proceedings/volume-2-2023/. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/CSEAN-SMART2023P18
REGULATION OF MAXIMUM TARIFF OF FLIGHT TICKETS FOR ECONOMIC CLASS PASSANGERS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Isrami Yuristiana Gita , Sudiro Amad
Published: August 2023

Minister of Transportation Decree No. 106 of 2019 is a government reaction to soaring flight ticket fare on domestic routes. This Minister Decree aims to prevent unfair business competition practices as mandated by Law No. 5 of 1999. On the other hand, Law No. 5 of 1999 itself does not provide an explanation of what kind of price fixing referred to by Article 5 of the Act. This then raises a question regarding business competition between business actors. This legal issue starts from the most basic condition whether the airline have carried out the sale of airline tickets that do not harm passengers, and of course there is a legal basis. The society's need for air transportation is increasing every year, but is constrained by the increasingly expensive airline ticket rates. The society and business actors need the role of the government to be able to make policies that are impartial while still considering the interests of the society and business doers.
ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS IN INDONESIA RELATED TO USE THE THEORY OF “LEX INFORMATICA” AND THE CONCEPT OF “SELF REGULATION”
Authors: Priowirjanto Enni Soerjati
Published: August 2023

The basis of electronic transaction is the free will from everyone who bind himself to others, without coercion from any party, and without the necessity to meet directly. This requires regulations other than the existing law as guidelines for the perpetrators. The agreement is made under lex Informatica, particularly the rules made and agreed upon by the parties in electronic transaction. This article is written to discuss the use of lex Informatica concerning the self-regulation approach carried out along with its examples of electronic transaction in Indonesia. The focus of the discussing is about the benefits of using lex Informatica in electronic transaction and the relation between lex Informatica and self-regulation as theory and approacch in electronic transaction. This study using juridical normative research methods, and descriptive-analytical specifications, through library research and field studies. The results obtained indicate that lex Informatica as a fondation law in internet can underlying an agreement between the parties regarding matters that are not regulated in statutory regulations and self-regulation relating to lex Informatica can be as a regulatory model that provides an opportunity for parties to regulates electronic transaction activities.
GLOBAL DIGITAL TAXES IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ITS URGENCE FOR INDONESIA
Authors: Rivaldi Regi
Published: August 2023

Members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and World Trade Organization are working together to exploring issues related to digital service product tax policies. The ability of digital companies that operate without the need to be physically present has sparked debates in international forums regarding the allocation of rights and tax rights reallocation agreements or nexus. Not to mention the physical absence of digital companies that makes jurisdictional constraints for State that want to collect taxes from digital companies. The scope of digital services makes it difficult for policy makers to define what digital service products are. This problem has led initiate international forums to reforms international tax regulations that are able to accommodate these interests. TOECD formed a Task Force Digital Economy to respond this problem and at the same time identify issues that are related to digital service product taxes to make it relevant.
COVID-19 VACCINE LEGAL PROTECTION THROUGH PATENT FOR PUBLIC INTEREST
Authors: Zaki Muhammad Reza Syariffudin , Akmal Muhammad Farhan
Published: August 2023

Patents are rights granted by the state to inventors for their inventions in the field of technology for a certain period of time. However, a rigid patent protection can disrupt the public interest. Therefore, the undergraduate thesis research entitled Legal Protection of Covid-19 Vaccines through Patents for Public Interest was conducted. The research conducted by juridical normative legal research methods, statutory approaches, and conceptual approaches. TRIPs Agreement, Paris Convention, Indonesian Patent Law 2016 and President Regulation No. 77/20 are the main objects of study. This research aims to answer (1) how the legal protection of the Covid-19 vaccine for the public interest, and (2) how to resolve disputes against the Covid-19 patent rights holder in Indonesia. After conducting a study, it can be concluded that patents can be implemented by the government without the authority from the patent holder in an emergency situation. In the return, a worth compensation must be given to the patent holder. If a dispute arises, it can be resolved through litigation or alternative dispute resolution (ADR), but preferably through ADR at BAM HKI. This is in purpose to empower BAM HKI, as well as to support and promote the enforcement of intellectual property rights in Indonesia.
OUTLOOK OF ARBITRARY MEASURES OF FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENT UNDER HEALTH URGENCY: THE WAIVER OF PHARMACEUTICAL PATENT
Authors: Musu Clara Amanda , Napitupulu Dona Regina , Qurratu’aini Marla Satika
Published: August 2023

Patent has long been recognized as an important subject of investment particularly for Pharmaceutical Companies. In its development, patents have become one of the most prominent tools in international health investment for its economic benefit sourced from its exclusive right. Most of the Multilateral and Bilateral Investment Treaties recognized intellectual property rights as protected investments, which allows patent holders to benefit from the substantive and procedural safeguards granted by the applicable treaty for foreign investments. In the situation of health urgency, many patents rights are being waived by the government to make the innovation more affordable and accessible to citizens. In this situation, tension in the governance of pharmaceutical patents between patent holders and state authorities is an example of a broader recurring dynamic in international law: the tension between foreign investors' private interests and the host state's regulatory autonom. This research paper will discuss whether the patent waiver enacted by the government is considered as an arbitrary action under the Fair and Equitable Treatment standard as it causes harm to the foreign investor by analyzing several precedent jurisprudences through juridical normative methods
UNFORESEEN DEVELOPMENT AS A DEVICE TO ASSESS SAFEGUARD INVESTIGATION
Authors: Wardana Achmad Ferry Kusuma
Published: August 2023

Unforeseen Development requirement is indeed essential for the World Trade Organization (WTO) member countries to make safeguard investigations in their own country, this study has analysed the affecting unforeseen development requirement in safeguard investigations. Additionally, this study examined how an unforeseen development affects safeguard investigations in Indonesia. The method of this study is qualitative research, and descriptive research is to analyze the data by using case analyses. The author presents major findings by subject on unforeseen development covers increased imports, the stages of an investigation, and determination of safeguard measures. The results further confirm that this study shows policy implications to elaborate the effect of unforeseen developments for safeguard investigations and after a measure taken. Also, this study shows policy recommendations as added value on this study to improving standard quality. For addition, this study provides a new theory that calls three fresh arguments (Zhou and Fang 2022). The reader would be get the fruitful discussions and recommendations on safeguard basis especially to the unforeseen developments requirements under safeguard investigations.
THE ONLY CERTAINTY IS UNCERTAINTY: REMOTE HEARING IN INDONESIAN ARBITRATION
Authors: Akbar Amrul , Amalia Prita
Published: August 2023

The remote hearing practice emerges as an alternative to in-person hearing as the established practice in arbitration. Yet, the practice of remote hearing does not always agreed upon by the parties in certain circumstances. The lack of certain laws governing its application raises a number of issues surrounding its application in arbitration. This paper examines legal theories and principles in domestic procedure law, international arbitration law, and their implementation in practice through comparative cases, utilizing a normative legal and case analysis method. The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to describe the relevant legal rules, as well as legal theories and their application in the study object. Secondary data was gathered from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources of law for the study. The study's findings indicate that the laws governing remote hearings in Indonesia are uncertain in terms of confidentiality, the need for consent, mandatory preparation, control, and, very crucially, enforcement of the arbitration award. In contrast, it should address the issues generated by its extensive role in arbitration. The Indonesian government can address the aforementioned issue by enacting a particular procedural legislation that contains provisions for remote hearings in arbitration practice.
Passive Window Energy Performance in Buildings: Modeling of Apartment Buildings in Indonesia
Authors: Hendinata Laurentius Kevin , Siddiq Nur Abdillah , Fikri Ahmad Ilham Rokhul , Suprapto Michael Alfano , Prilia Ribka
Published: August 2023

Along with urban growth in urban areas and energy consumption, which continues to increase every year, the selection of windows in the initial design is essential to obtain buildings that are not energy intensive. Selecting the correct window in the blueprint design reduces building energy consumption. Smart windows, especially thermochromic windows, are one of the most promising window technologies because they are the most economical and have passive control with zero energy input, which holds good promise for energy-saving applications. Apart from that, double-glazing windows are also frequently used in energy-saving applications. Therefore, a study compared the energy-saving potential of thermochromic and double-glazing windows to clear glass windows, using computer modeling through EnergyPlus, in high-rise apartment buildings in cities throughout Indonesia's diverse climates. From the modeling results, total energy consumption can be reduced by around 8.91% to 10.96% of total building energy consumption by replacing the conventional clear glass with double-glazing windows or more able to reduce about 20.22% to 24.19% by replacing the conventional clear glass with thermochromic windows. Furthermore, this potential varies depending on geometric shapes, materials, building facades, local climate, and building orientation. Nevertheless, considering the potential benefits, these windows are highly suitable for application in buildings seeking to reduce their energy consumption and improve energy efficiency.
Comparative Study of Natural Lighting Quality in Sharia Housing Based on Daylight Factor Evaluation Using Autodesk Revit
Authors: Perdana Angga
Published: August 2023

The Islamic residential concept is the famous tagline that several real estate developers chose for their housing products today; it attracts customer attention, primarily from the Muslim community. But only some housing products are suitable to all the ideal criteria of the Islamic Residential concept. Excellent Sharia housing must fulfill all Islamic residential concept requirements, including public facilities, open space, and building quality. The strategy of the ideal Islamic housing concept requirement is optimal natural light and ventilation in the entire room. The inner courtyard is one of the solutions to afford this strategy. The types of openings also affect the daylight penetration in a room. Autodesk Revit Simulation evaluates this research about the daylight factor aspect of Islamic housing in Sharia housing. The research method is a qualitative, quantitative, and comparatively mixed method. The minimum requirement of daylight factor for housing is 5%. The study object shows that in the case of Medina Residence 1, it sufficiently offers the most daylight factor affordability in a Sharia housing project. The research hypothesis is to maximize the daylight factor by modifying several types of windows and adding skylight openings to increase the daylight factor of the entire room. Increased wall window ratio and more inner open spaces are the solutions for the minimum size of the building site. In the case of Medina residence 1, the skylight opening can be applied, but the effect is less significant than making more openings facing the open space.
Architecture of the Virtual World
Authors: Retno Yanti Sugesti
Published: August 2023

The development of artificial intelligence-based virtual reality technology offers the potential of the digital world as an alternative activity space for humans. The virtual world is expected to complement the shortcomings of the natural world and meet human needs that cannot or are difficult to realize in the real world. The real world is formed by physical matter, while the virtual world comprises bits that cause a considerable difference between the two. This study aims to recognize the positive and negative potential due to differences between the real and virtual worlds concerning architecture. The goal is to answer how quickly the architecture of the virtual world can be put into practical use and dominate human life. The method used is the exploration of libraries and the internet, which are reviewed qualitatively. The results show that the idea of humans still dominates the world of virtual architecture as its creators. However, artificial intelligence can give new ideas beyond what humans think. Therefore, the virtual architectural world gives both positive and negative potential concerning differences in character from the real architectural world.
Utilizing the Use of Google Trends to Discover The Architectural Attractiveness of a Place in Indonesia
Authors: Sanitha Onie Dian , Kristianti Novera , Fransisco Theo , Iashania Yunida
Published: August 2023

A person's memory of the image of a place is powerful, which is influenced by a uniqueness supported by continuity of information. Every visitor's image will be very subjectively evaluated through the internet information media. The challenge lies in subjective perception through internet media information which only sometimes leads to real quality due to perceptions formed from the continuity of information received. A shift in meaning allegedly led to a phenomenon of similar motivation between video game users and traveling for healing purposes. From the perspective of a Google search, the word "traveling" refers to buildings and places with ecological and natural concepts. Meanwhile, video games also offer a natural concept but are more competitive. Using Google Trends, this study attempts to formulate city popularity data using the keyword "traveling." Natural Ecology is the highest choice for social media users, and "healing" is the primary motivation. The value of natural architectural instruments can be a focus to support a sustainable development process for a place based on the popularity of today's needs.
Influence of NPL, BOPO, LDR, and ROA on Firm Value: Study of Banking Sub-Sector Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2019-2021
Authors: Wiadnyani Dewa Ayu Putu Mas , Artini Luh Gede Sri
Published: August 2023

Company tends to achieve higher company’s value by improving prosperity of shareholder. Company’s values are influenced by external factors and internal factors. Internal factors that influence firm value are the company’s financial ratios, including NPL, operating cost, operating income (BOPO), LDR, and ROA. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of NPL, BOPO, LDR, and ROA on firm value of the banking sub-sector companies listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange Period of 2019-2021. The sample determination method used in this study is a non-probability sampling method, namely saturated sampling. The number of observations with 43 companies towards study period of 3 years was 129. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results indicate that NPL with LDR has significant negative effects; meanwhile, operating cost on operating income and return on asset has no significant impact on company value.
A REVIEW ON NATURAL COLOURANTS USED IN COSMETICS
Authors:   Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, India 671121, LV VIGNESHWARAN , PP AMRITHA ,   Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, India 671121, FARSANA KHASEERA ,   Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, India 671121, T KHAIRUNNISA ,   Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, India 671121, V SEBASTIAN ,   Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, India 671121, TK AJITH BABU ,   Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, India 671121
Published: August 2023

Colour plays a vital role in marketing any product such as cosmetics, food additives, pharmaceutical products etc. It gives the attractiveness for a product. Colour also helps to get the attention of the customers. Early days synthetic dyes were used as colorants in these products. The carcinogenic effect and the toxic effect of the synthetic dyes made the impact and thirst on the use of natural dyes. Natural dyes are obtained from the pigments produced by the microorganisms and the phytochemicals produced by the plants. Animal pigments are rarely used as colorants. The synthetic colorant in cosmetic industry is now replaced by the natural pigments. The colours obtained from the natural sources possess various properties like anti-cancer and so on. Some of the phytochemicals such as anthocyanins are used as colorant and also as antioxidant. Hence the natural colorants are used as a nutritional one and also it maintains in improving the health. KEYWORDS: Cosmetics, Colourants, Pigments, Phytochemicals, Antioxidant
FORMULATION OF ANTI-ACNE GEL OF MORINGA OLIEFERA LEAVES POWDER ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AS AN INHIBITOR OF BACTERIA
Authors:   ITM University, Gwalior (M.P), India 474001, GUPTA BHAVESH , CHOPRA NEHA ,   ITM University, Gwalior (M.P), India 474001, DUBEY SUBODH ,   ITM University, Gwalior (M.P), India 474001, KOHLI PRASANN ,   ITM University, Gwalior (M.P), India 474001, ZAIDI MOHAMMAD IBRAHIM ,   ITM University, Gwalior (M.P), India 474001, CHAUHAN ANURAG ,   ITM University, Gwalior (M.P), India 474001
Published: August 2023

Acne (Acne vulgaris) is the most common disorder which is a chronic inflammatory disease. That cause acne by one of the bacteria is staphylococcus epidermis. Moringa oleifera leaves contain flavonoid, alkaloid and phenolic compound which have inhibit acne growth. The purpose of the study is the compression of bacteriostatic ability of the extracts and gel for formula that can fulfills the physical properties of good gel moringa leaves. Moringa leaves were extracted with maceration method using ethanol 70% in three days. HPMC 4000 as a polymer were used extract was added with variation concentration of 5,10,15% physical evaluation test of gel was organoleptic, homogeneity, PH, viscosity, adhesion, and spread tests for 4 weeks. In-vitro bacteriostatic activity test with 1% Clindamycin gel a positive control and polymer gel negative control. The results that variation concentrations of ethanol extract of moringa leaves affected the physical properties of gel including viscosity PH, adhesion and spread ability. KEYWORDS: Moringa oleifera, Acne vulgaris, clindamycin, HPMC4000
The Effect of Social Media on Arabic Vocabulary in the Saudi Society
Authors: Mahmoud Alenazi Atheer
Published: August 2023

The main goal of this research was to investigate the effect of social media on Arabic vocabulary in the Saudi context and to explore the reasons behind the phenomenon of using English words instead of Arabic words in speaking and writing. In order to achieve the goal of this study, the researcher conducted an online questionnaire with close-ended and open-ended questions. The questionnaire was distributed to 388 Saudi women and men of different ages, genders, and different educational backgrounds. As a result, an obvious effect of social media on Arabic vocabulary was found; social media platforms contributed to the phenomenon by spreading English words in Saudi society. Additionally, various other reasons behind this phenomenon were found by the researcher.
IMPLEMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN SISWA PASCA COVID DI SMAN 1 PURBOLINGGO
Authors: Rubiatun Rubiatun , Andayani Sutrisni , Dacholfany M ihsan , Harjoko Harjoko
Published: August 2023

Teknologi Informasi saat ini sudah berlari sedemikian cepatnya. Banyak alternatif-alternatif baru tercipta di era disruptive ini, dimana siapapun yang tidak bergerak dengan cepat terhadap perubahan teknologi maka dia akan tertinggal. Begitu juga dalam hal teknologi pembelajaran di sekolah-sekolah saat ini, teknik yang digunakan semakin beragam dan tekno oriented yang dikenal dengan istilah E-Learning. Beberapa teknologi pembelajaran yang terkait e-learning juga mulai dikembangkan untuk memaksimalkan pembelajaran yang mengalami keterbatasan waktu dalam penyampaian materi, dan kebosanan dalam belajar di berbagai lembaga pendidikan yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan maksimal.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Implementasi Penggunaan Google classroom dalam peningkatan Mutu Pembelajaran di SMAN 1 Purbolinggo Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan penyebaran angket dan melakukan wawancara terhadap Guru dan Siswa. Peneliti melakukan penyebaran angket terhadap responden dalam mengukur Validitas dan Relibitas variabel X dan Y. untuk Variabel X diperoleh hasil sebesar 0,919 > 0,80 dengan demikian maka disimpulkan bahwa butir soal untuk variable X secara keseluruhan dinyatakan Reliabel. sedangkan untuk variable Y diperoleh hasil sebesar 0,908 > 0,80 dengan demikian Variabel Y dinyatakan reliabel. maka disimpulkan bahwa butir soal untuk variable  X dan Y secara keseluruhan valid dan reliabel. Kesimpulan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Penggunaan Google Classroom mampu meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran yang signifikan dan dapat menumbuhkan minat belajar, serta ketertarikan siswa terhadap pembelajaran serta meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
PEMBERDAYAAN TENAGA ADMINISTRASI SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH AHMAD DAHLAN BRAJA SELEBAH
Authors: Indrias Novi , Noor Marzuki , Andayani Sutrisni , Harjoko Harjoko
Published: August 2023

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemberdayaan tenaga administrasi sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SD Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Braja Selebah. Masalah yang dihadapi oleh tenaga administrasi sekolah yaitu kompetensi tenaga administrasi yang belum memadai, sarana dan prasarana kurang memadai, malas, tidak semangat, banyaknya beban tugas, kurang perhatian, kurang apresiasi, keluangan waktu, dan biaya. Penelitian ini diadakan untuk mendiskusikan bagaimana  pemberdayaan tenaga administrasi sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SD Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Braja Selebah. Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan aplikasi Nvivo 12 Pro. Berdasarkan paparan data dan pembahasan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pemberdayaan terdiri dari tiga penelitian kualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah enam orang, yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Peneliti menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi sebagai alat pengumpul data. Untuk tahapan yaitu tahapan penyadaran, pengkapasitasan dan pendayaan. Pemberdayaan tenaga administrasi sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SD Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Braja Selebah sudah berjalan dengan baik dan memberikan dampak pada mutu pendidikan walupun tidak signifikan.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DALAM PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN
Authors: Astuti Kuntari Puji , Noor Marzuki , Andayani Sutrisni
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

One indicator of increasing the professionalism of teaching staff at Darul A’mal Metro vocational school is the development of planning, organizing and controlling at the end of each semester. The goal to be achieved in this study is to find out the management of professionalism of educational staff. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The number of educational staff is 11 people at Darul A’mal  Metro Lampung vocational school all of whom are sampled. Collecting data using interviews and observation. The data analysis used is a phenomenological study related to concepts, opinions, and attitudes. The results pf the study show the implementation of educational staff management in increasing the professionalism of educational staff in development of planning, organizing and controlling education staff in professionalism. The educational staff management variable contributes together to the educational staff professionalism variable. While others are explained by other factors not examined in this study.

 

Keywords: management, educational staff, profesinalism
Antibacterial ability of green okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus) extract at concentrations of 12.5-100% against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Lestari Nurcholif Diah Sri , Safitri Rizkiya Agnes , Cholid Zainul , Dharmayanti Agustin Wulan Suci
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The common bacteria found in infected root canals are Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (20%). S. aureus infection can spread to the periapical tissues causing periapical lesions. Pulp necrosis requires root canal treatment. One of the irrigants used in root canal treatment is 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid  (17% EDTA). This material can soften the root canal dentine making it easier to prepare because it can dissolve the inorganic material of smear layer. The disadvantage of 17% EDTA is low antibacterial power, so an alternative irrigation material is needed. Irrigants should ideally be antibacterial. The green okra fruit extract contains antibacterial properties such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. This study aims to determine the antibacterial ability of green okra fruit extract concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% against S. aureus. Methods: This type of research was an in-vitro laboratory experiment with a posttest-only control group design. The antibacterial test used the disc diffusion method consisted of 6 groups, i.e, green okra fruit extract concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 100%, 17% EDTA (positive control), and aquadest (negative control).  Antibacterial ability indicated by the clear zone around the disc paper Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone was green okra fruit extract concentrations of 12.5% (12.14 mm), 25% (14.89 mm), 50% (18.53 mm), 100% (21.1 mm ), 17% EDTA (22.08 mm), and aquadest (0 mm). The results were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test and showed a significant difference between all research groups (α <0.05). Conclusion: The antibacterial ability of green okra fruit extract (Abelmoschus esculentus) increased from concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%, but still lower than the antibacterial ability of 17% EDTA against Staphylococcus aureus.
THE EFFECT OF APPLICATION BOVINE AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE ON OSTEOBLASTS, OSTEOCYTES, AND COLLAGEN
Authors: Wibowo Artdhea Regita , Octarina Octarina , Munadziroh Elly , Handharyani Ekowati
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Tooth extraction can result in loss of alveolar bone. The application of biomaterials Bovine Amniotic Membrane (BAM) that containing growth factors and collagen is expected to play a role in socket preservation. This study aimed to observe the effect of BAM application on the growth of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and collagen in histological preparate of the alveolar bone socket of Sprague Dawley rats (SD). Methods: 16 male SD rats were used in this group. SD rats were extracted on the mandible central incisivus. Afterward, it was divided into two groups, specifically the control group (without treatment) and the treatment group (BAM application). After extraction, the treatment group was applied with BAM with a size of 1.5 mm x 10 mm in socket alveolar bone. On the 14th and 28th day, the rats were euthanized and the alveolar bone socket of mandibular tissue was taken and stained with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) and Masson Trichrome (MT). Results: The results of all groups showed that the number of osteoblasts and collagen thickness was higher on day 14th compared to day 28th, while osteocytes continued to increase from day 14th to 28th. The thickness of collagen, osteoblasts, and osteocytes in groups with BAM application was higher than without application. Statistical results showed that there were significant differences between groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The application of BAM can act as material preservation socket. This biomaterial can accelerate recovery by increasing collagen thickness, osteoblasts, and osteocytes.
Transversal Strength of Heat Cured Acrylic Resin in Immersion of Extract Annona muricata L. Effervescent
Authors: Kusumawardani Chaterina Diyah Nanik , Razak Arifzan , Ariestania Vivin , Lubis Raysha Teres
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Heat cured acrylic resin is one of the most widely used denture bases. Patients need to keep the removable denture clean so they don’t adversely affect the patients. Natural ingredients such as soursop leaves (Anonna muricata L.) are known with its benefits so they can be used as a denture cleanser. This research aimed to study the transversal strength of heat cured acrylic resin in immersion of extract Anonna muricata L. effervescent with various concentrations (25%, 35% and 45%). Methods: 24 samples of heat cured acrylic with size of 65mm x 10mm x 2,5mm randomly divided in 4 groups. The control group, the 25%, the 35%, and the 45% immersed in 15 minutes 3 time a day for 10 days. The transversal strength measured by Universal Machine Test (Shimadzu) and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis. Results: The average transversal strength of the control group showed 118,59 MPa, 25% group showed 114.35 MPa, 35% group showed 117.28 MPa, and 45% showed 111,32 MPa. Based on Kruskal-Wallis, there are no significant differences with a significant value p>0,05 (p=0,886). Conclusion: The highest tranversal strength was found in control group whilst the lowest transversal strength found in group of 45% concentrations. Immersion of heat cured acrylic resin in 25%, 35% and 45% concentration of extract Anonna muricata L. effervescent did not affect the transversal strength of the material.
Effects of Broccoli Extract (Brassica oleracea var. italica) on Collagen Images in Wounds: Experimental Study in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Hakim Rachmi Fanani , Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi , Andini Yulia Rizky , Andini Yulia Rizky
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Wound healing is a protective function of the body that focuses on quick recovery where the regeneration process in a hostile environment takes more time. In particular, the oral cavity is a remarkable environment in which wound healing occurs in warm oral fluid that contains millions of microorganisms. Collagen plays an important role in all phases of wound healing, which provides integrity and strength to tissues and it is very important especially in the proliferation and remodeling phases. One of the materials that have potential related to collagen is broccoli (Brassica oleracea var.italica). Broccoli has a potential to regulate collagen, therefore it could be an alternative to answer the problem related to antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. The aim of this research with experimental design is to study the potential effects of broccoli extract on the representation of collagen image in wounds.Methods: This research used 18 male wistar rats by making incision on each of the rats’ back. These rats are divided into two groups, control group which get no treatment, and treatment group which is treated by applying the broccoli extract topically twice a day. Wound tissues on each group are observed microscopically on 3th, 7th, and 14th day. The density of collagen fibers was measured based on the calculation of semiquantitative score. Result: The result showed that wound healing on treatment group tends to be better compared with control group with the increase of collagen score of treatment group. The result of Statistical test Man-Whitney with confidence level 95% (p < 0,05) with observation on 3th, 7th, and 14th day sequentally is  p=0.100, p=0,100, p=0,700. Conclusion: Broccoli extract which is applied topically tends to have more benefits regarding the process of wound healing, eventhough there is no significant difference found on statitistical test.
Capillaroscopy and Endopat – Helpful Methods for the Early Assessment of Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Anorexia Nervosa?
Authors: Ferencova Nikola , Visnovcova Zuzana , Ondrejka Igor , Tonhajzerova Ingrid
Published: August 2023

Anorexia nervosa (AN) as a life-threatening eating disorder is linked to a high mortality risk with many deaths attributable to cardiovascular etiology. Cardiovascular complications in AN include structural as well as functional cardiac alterations, hemodynamic changes, and peripheral vascular abnormalities. Despite the fact that peripheral vascular abnormalities are not identified as a major AN complication, several manifestations of peripheral vascular dysregulation including Raynaud's phenomenon and endothelial dysfunction have been described and, therefore, warrant attention. This article briefly summarizes so far findings of microvascular alterations in AN patients and presents easily accessible and non-invasive procedures for a microvascular evaluation such as capillaroscopy and endothelium-related peripheral arterial tone (EndoPAT) which could be involved in the clinical diagnostic process for the earliest identification of an increased risk of later cardiovascular complications.
Delivery Mode Affects the Sympathetic Nervous System in Healthy Term Newborns
Authors: Kozar Marek , Kuderava Zuzana , Ferencova Nikola , Visnovcova Zuzana , Zibolen Mirko , Tonhajzerova Ingrid
Published: August 2023

Background

Spontaneous delivery represents an important way triggering the physiological mechanisms essential for a proper postnatal adaptation of a newborn. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a crucial role in this process. There is insufficient data concerning the impact of different delivery mode on ANS in newborns. Therefore, we aimed to study the effect of delivery mode on sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in healthy term newborns measured by electrodermal activity (EDA).

Material & Methods

The study conducted 50 healthy full – term newborns divided into two groups: the spontaneous delivery group (SD, n=27) and the caesarean section group (CS, n=23). EDA parameters (SCL – tonic level of skin conductance; NS.SCRs – non – specific phasic responses of skin conductance) were evaluated during three measurements: 2nd (M1), 24th (M2), and 72nd (M3) hours of life.

Results

SCL significantly decreased during the first day of life (M1 vs. M2 – p < 0.001). The lowest NS.SCRs values were demonstrated in M1 in both groups with significant differences in CS group between measurements – M1 vs. M2 (p=0.001) and M1 vs. M3 (p=0.005). However, a significantly lower NS.SCRs was found in CS group (p=0.01) early after birth (M1).

Conclusion

Our findings revealed a reduced NS.SCRs indicating potential decreased „arousal“ in CS group – it seems that the attenuated „arousal“ could reflect the absence of physiological labor mechanisms as well as the effect of anesthesia leading to discrete early functional abnormalities in CS group. Further research is needed to validate these findings.
Fractured Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Biologic Therapies for Paediatric Asthma
Authors: Kunc Peter , Fabry Jaroslav , Ferenc Peter , Hribikova Zuzana , Matiscakova Michaela , Pecova Renata
Published: August 2023

Bronchial asthma is the most frequently diagnosed chronic respiratory disease in children. Treatment approaches should aim to achieve the disease control, reduce limiting symptoms, and improve the quality of life. Routine treatment of patients with asthma relies on assessment of symptoms and spirometry results. These diagnostic and therapeutic strategies do not consider the level of inflammation in the airways as a fundamental pathognomonic feature of the disease. The use of biomarkers is increasing in the context of efforts to better understand individual asthma pathways (asthma endotyping), with the potential for personalized treatment with innovative biologics. Elevated levels of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) represent an indirect marker of T2 inflammation in airways. FENO is one of the few biomarkers that have been applied in routine clinical practice. High levels predict a good therapeutic response to treatment with corticosteroids and selected biologics (Omalizumab, Dupilumab, Mepolizumab, Tezepelumab), or an increased risk of asthma exacerbation. The aim of this review is to evaluate the advantages, disadvantages, and potential applications of this test in relation to new treatment options using biologics for asthma.