bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Ocular pain assessment survey (OPAS-J)
Authors: Yamanishi Ryutaro , Suzuki Natsume , Uchino Miki , Kawashima Motoko , Tsubota Kazuo , Negishi Kazuno
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS-J) to measure ocular pain and quality of life. A multi-institutional cross-sectional study was conducted on participants with and without ocular pain. The Wong–Baker FACES® Pain Rating Scale served as the gold standard for measuring the intensity of ocular pain. Sixty-four participants who visited two clinics located in Japan between May 2019 and October 2019 were included in the study. The OPAS was translated and culturally adapted to Japanese. The internal consistency of the OPAS-J was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Twenty-four (37.5%) and 40 (62.5%) participants were classified as having ocular pain and no ocular pain, respectively. All dimensions of the OPAS-J had good reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.870 for ocular pain intensity over the past 24 h and 0.874, 0.899, 0.874, 0.871, and 0.876 for ocular pain intensity over the past 2 weeks, non-ocular pain, interference with quality of life, aggravating factors, and associated factors, respectively. The OPAS-J is a reliable and responsive tool that can be used to quantify ocular pain intensity.
Phylogeny, ancestral ranges and reclassification of sand dollars
Authors: Lee Hsin , Lee Kwen-Shen , Hsu Chia-Hsin , Lee Chen-Wei , Li Ching-En , Wang Jia-Kang , Tseng Chien‑Chia , Chen Wei-Jen , Horng Ching-Chang , Ford Colby T. , Kroh Andreas , Bronstein Omri , Tanaka Hayate , Oji Tatsuo , Lin Jih-Pai , Janies Daniel
Published: June 2023

Classification of the Class Echinoidea is under significant revision in light of emerging molecular phylogenetic evidence. In particular, the sister-group relationships within the superorder Luminacea (Echinoidea: Irregularia) have been considerably updated. However, the placement of many families remains largely unresolved due to a series of incongruent evidence obtained from morphological, paleontological, and genetic data for the majority of extant representatives. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of 25 taxa, belonging to eleven luminacean families. We proposed three new superfamilies: Astriclypeoidea, Mellitoidea, and Taiwanasteroidea (including Dendrasteridae, Taiwanasteridae, Scutellidae, and Echinarachniidae), instead of the currently recognized superfamily Scutelloidea Gray, 1825. In light of the new data obtained from ten additional species, the historical biogeography reconstructed shows that the tropical western Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans are the cradle for early sand dollar diversification. Hothouse conditions during the late Cretaceous and early Paleogene were coupled with diversification events of major clades of sand dollars. We also demonstrate that Taiwan fauna can play a key role in terms of understanding the major Cenozoic migration and dispersal events in the evolutionary history of Luminacea.
Tau protein binds to the P53 E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2
Authors: Sola Martina , Rendon-Angel Azucena , Rojo Martinez Viviana , Sgrignani Jacopo , Magrin Claudia , Piovesana Ester , Cavalli Andrea , Paganetti Paolo , Papin Stéphanie
Published: June 2023

Tau gene mutations cause a progressive dementia and neurotoxic Tau forms deposited in neurofibrillary tangles are hallmarks of neurodegenerative tauopathies. Loss of non-canonical Tau functions may contribute to disease. In fact, Tau depletion affects the cellular response to DNA damage and tauopathies exhibit the accumulation of DNA lesions. Moreover, Tau modulates P53 activity and cell fate. Considering that MDM2 is the main antagonist of P53, we investigated, using orthogonal assays, if Tau interacts with MDM2. We report the existence in cells and brain of a Tau-MDM2 complex that, in vitro, exhibits reduced P53 ubiquitination activity in a manner sensitive to a Tau mutation. The Tau-MDM2 interaction involves the microtubule-binding domain of Tau and the acidic domain of MDM2, reminiscent of the binding of Tau to negatively charged microtubules. Notably, MDM2 accumulates aberrantly in neurofibrillary tangles. Aging-associated insults may expose a novel loss-of-function of Tau in neurodegeneration and cancer.
Using macular velocity measurements to relate parameters of bone conduction to vestibular compound action potential responses
Authors: Pastras Christopher J. , Curthoys Ian S. , Rabbitt Richard D. , Brown Daniel J.
Published: June 2023

To examine mechanisms responsible for vestibular afferent sensitivity to transient bone conducted vibration, we performed simultaneous measurements of stimulus-evoked vestibular compound action potentials (vCAPs), utricular macula velocity, and vestibular microphonics (VMs) in anaesthetized guinea pigs. Results provide new insights into the kinematic variables of transient motion responsible for triggering mammalian vCAPs, revealing synchronized vestibular afferent responses are not universally sensitive to linear jerk as previously thought. For short duration stimuli (< 1 ms), the vCAP increases magnitude in close proportion to macular velocity and temporal bone (linear) acceleration, rather than other kinematic elements. For longer duration stimuli, the vCAP magnitude switches from temporal bone acceleration sensitive to linear jerk sensitive while maintaining macular velocity sensitivity. Frequency tuning curves evoked by tone-burst stimuli show vCAPs increase in proportion to onset macular velocity, while VMs increase in proportion to macular displacement across the entire frequency bandwidth tested between 0.1 and 2 kHz. The subset of vestibular afferent neurons responsible for synchronized firing and vCAPs have been shown previously to make calyceal synaptic contacts with type I hair cells in the striolar region of the epithelium and have irregularly spaced inter-spike intervals at rest. Present results provide new insight into mechanical and neural mechanisms underlying synchronized action potentials in these sensitive afferents, with clinical relevance for understanding the activation and tuning of neurons responsible for driving rapid compensatory reflex responses.
Effects of different training schedules based on distance and accelerometry measures: A full-season case study in professional soccer players
Authors: Nobari Hadi , Alijanpour Nader , Talvari Amirhossein , Oliveira Rafael
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to evaluate external load based on distance and accelerometry measures in six different microcycle schedules with congested (CW2, CW3, and CW4) and regular weeks (RW4, RW5, and RW6) in professional soccer players. Twelve Iranian First League players (age: 28.2 ± 3.8 years; body mass: 77.92 ± 4.72 kg, and height: 183.2 ± 0.06 cm) participated in this study. A GPSPORTS system was used to collect training/match durations, total distance, distance covered at different speeds, number of accelerations, delecelerations and body load over 29 weeks, 40 matches, and 121 training sessions. Data were analysed by weekly mean and accumulated weekly values. The results showed a tendency for higher values in CWs than RWs. Regarding mean total distance, RW4 and RW5 presented lower values with very large effect size than CW2 (all, p < 0.05). The mean distance covered between 16 and 23 km/h showed that all RWs presented significantly lower values than all CWs (p < 0.05 with considerable effect size). In addition, mean acceleration values at < 2 m/s2 showed significantly lower values than all CWs (p < 0.05 with a very large effect size). Therefore, it is recommended to coaches pay special attention to players who participate in matches to reduce fatigue and improve the performance of professional soccer players. Ensuring recovery mechanisms are in place to minimize the external load is recommended. Coaches arrange practice sessions for non-starters who do not experience similar external loads compared to starters to prepare them for potential competition.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of chatbots on lifestyle behaviours
Authors: Singh Ben , Olds Timothy , Brinsley Jacinta , Dumuid Dot , Virgara Rosa , Matricciani Lisa , Watson Amanda , Szeto Kimberley , Eglitis Emily , Miatke Aaron , Simpson Catherine E. M. , Vandelanotte Corneel , Maher Carol
Published: June 2023

Chatbots (also known as conversational agents and virtual assistants) offer the potential to deliver healthcare in an efficient, appealing and personalised manner. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of chatbot interventions designed to improve physical activity, diet and sleep. Electronic databases were searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, and pre-post trials that evaluated chatbot interventions targeting physical activity, diet and/or sleep, published before 1 September 2022. Outcomes were total physical activity, steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep quality and sleep duration. Standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated to compare intervention effects. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess chatbot type, intervention type, duration, output and use of artificial intelligence. Risk of bias was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment tool. Nineteen trials were included. Sample sizes ranged between 25–958, and mean participant age ranged between 9–71 years. Most interventions (n = 15, 79%) targeted physical activity, and most trials had a low-quality rating (n = 14, 74%). Meta-analysis results showed significant effects (all p < 0.05) of chatbots for increasing total physical activity (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI = 0.16, 0.40]), daily steps (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI = 0.17, 0.39]), MVPA (SMD = 0.53 [95% CI = 0.24, 0.83]), fruit and vegetable consumption (SMD = 0.59 [95% CI = 0.25, 0.93]), sleep duration (SMD = 0.44 [95% CI = 0.32, 0.55]) and sleep quality (SMD = 0.50 [95% CI = 0.09, 0.90]). Subgroup analyses showed that text-based, and artificial intelligence chatbots were more efficacious than speech/voice chatbots for fruit and vegetable consumption, and multicomponent interventions were more efficacious than chatbot-only interventions for sleep duration and sleep quality (all p < 0.05). Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that chatbot interventions are efficacious for increasing physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep duration and sleep quality. Chatbot interventions were efficacious across a range of populations and age groups, with both short- and longer-term interventions, and chatbot only and multicomponent interventions being efficacious.
NUP98 and RAE1 sustain progenitor function through HDAC-dependent chromatin targeting to escape from nucleolar localization
Authors: Neely Amy E. , Blumensaadt Laura A. , Ho Patric J. , Lloyd Sarah M. , Kweon Junghun , Ren Ziyou , Bao Xiaomin
Published: June 2023

Self-renewing somatic tissues rely on progenitors to support the continuous tissue regeneration. The gene regulatory network maintaining progenitor function remains incompletely understood. Here we show that NUP98 and RAE1 are highly expressed in epidermal progenitors, forming a separate complex in the nucleoplasm. Reduction of NUP98 or RAE1 abolishes progenitors’ regenerative capacity, inhibiting proliferation and inducing premature terminal differentiation. Mechanistically, NUP98 binds on chromatin near the transcription start sites of key epigenetic regulators (such as DNMT1, UHRF1 and EZH2) and sustains their expression in progenitors. NUP98’s chromatin binding sites are co-occupied by HDAC1. HDAC inhibition diminishes NUP98’s chromatin binding and dysregulates NUP98 and RAE1’s target gene expression. Interestingly, HDAC inhibition further induces NUP98 and RAE1 to localize interdependently to the nucleolus. These findings identified a pathway in progenitor maintenance, where HDAC activity directs the high levels of NUP98 and RAE1 to directly control key epigenetic regulators, escaping from nucleolar aggregation.
An end-to-end deep learning framework for translating mass spectra to de-novo molecules
Authors: Litsa Eleni E. , Chenthamarakshan Vijil , Das Payel , Kavraki Lydia E.
Published: June 2023

Elucidating the structure of a chemical compound is a fundamental task in chemistry with applications in multiple domains including drug discovery, precision medicine, and biomarker discovery. The common practice for elucidating the structure of a compound is to obtain a mass spectrum and subsequently retrieve its structure from spectral databases. However, these methods fail for novel molecules that are not present in the reference database. We propose Spec2Mol, a deep learning architecture for molecular structure recommendation given mass spectra alone. Spec2Mol is inspired by the Speech2Text deep learning architectures for translating audio signals into text. Our approach is based on an encoder-decoder architecture. The encoder learns the spectra embeddings, while the decoder, pre-trained on a massive dataset of chemical structures for translating between different molecular representations, reconstructs SMILES sequences of the recommended chemical structures. We have evaluated Spec2Mol by assessing the molecular similarity between the recommended structures and the original structure. Our analysis showed that Spec2Mol is able to identify the presence of key molecular substructures from its mass spectrum, and shows on par performance, when compared to existing fragmentation tree methods particularly when test structure information is not available during training or present in the reference database.
5-Dihydroxyboryluridine enhances cytosolic penetration of antisense oligonucleotides
Authors: Kavoosi Sam , Deprey Kirsten , Kritzer Joshua A. , Islam Kabirul
Published: June 2023

Boronic acid functionalized synthetic antisense oligonucleotides demonstrate enhanced cellular uptake and biological activity, constituting a novel approach for delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
ONIOM meets xtb: efficient, accurate, and robust multi-layer simulations across the periodic table
Authors: Plett Christoph , Katbashev Abylay , Ehlert Sebastian , Grimme Stefan , Bursch Markus
Published: June 2023

The ONIOM multi-layer scheme is implemented in the xtb software package and enables the combination of the GFN method family with DFT and WFT for fast and accurate multi-layer simulations throughout the periodic table.
The accumulation of Li2CO3 in a Li–O2 battery with dual mediators
Authors: Jenkins Max , Dewar Daniel , Nimmo Tammy , Chau Chloe , Gao Xiangwen , Bruce Peter G.
Published: June 2023

We examine the build-up and distribution of Li2CO3 within the porous gas diffusion electrode during cycling and its link to cell failure.
Fabrication of photoluminescent nanoparticles from carbazole-derived chalcones: a study of optical properties, cell biomarking, and metabolism
Authors: Estrada-Flores Susana Lucía , Garcias-Morales Cesar , Perez-Berumen Catalina M. , de León-Santillán Arxel , Rodríguez Mario , García-Merinos Juan Pablo , Claudio-Rizo Jesús A. , Martínez-Mora Eder Iván
Published: June 2023

Synthesis of chalcone nanoparticles as staining agents and photodynamic therapy.
In situ preparation of double gradient anode materials based on polysiloxane for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Guan Siqi , Xu Chen , Chen Yuanjiang , Zhang Yongjin , Li Lixiang , Zhang Han , An Baigang , Yang Haiming , Zhou Weimin , Sun Chengguo , Ju Dongying , Geng Xin
Published: June 2023

In situ hydrogen reduction of T8-type POSS are constructed as Si@C anodes for LIBs. Benefiting from the Si/N double gradient and even-distributed silicon, HRPOSS-6 processes faint volume changes and fast ion-electron kinetics.
Metal-free functionalization of SQs: a case of chemoselectivity and what ball-milling has got to do with it?
Authors: Bołt Małgorzata , Hanek Kamil , Frąckowiak Dawid , Żak Patrycja
Published: June 2023

A new simple, metal-free modification of mercapto-substituted silsesquioxane (SQ-SH) with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes is presented.
Mechanochromic luminescence of phase-separated hydrogels that contain cyclophane mechanophores
Authors: Shimizu Shohei , Yoshida Hiroaki , Mayumi Koichi , Ajiro Hiroharu , Sagara Yoshimitsu
Published: June 2023

Phase-separated hydrogels that contain cyclophane mechanophores exhibit mechanochromic luminescence.
Aqueous synthesis of red fluorescent l-cysteine functionalized Cu2S quantum dots with potential application as an As(iii) aptasensor
Authors: Cruz Brandon , Balderas Isaías , Gómez Idalia
Published: June 2023

Water-stable Cu2S quantum dots were obtained by applying l-cysteine as a Cu(ii) to Cu(i) reducer and stabilizer in water and using an inert atmosphere at ambient temperature.
Genetically engineered filamentous phage for bacterial detection using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Borg Raymond E. , Ozbakir Harun F. , Xu Binzhi , Li Eugene , Fang Xiwen , Peng Huan , Chen Irene A. , Mukherjee Arnab
Published: June 2023

Genetically engineered MRI-visible phages enable the noninvasive detection of bacteria in deep tissues with tunable cell-type specificity.
WHIRLY proteins maintain seed longevity by effects on seed oxygen signalling during imbibition
Authors: Taylor Rachel E. , Waterworth Wanda , West Christopher E , Foyer Christine H.
Published: June 2023

The WHIRLY (WHY) family of DNA/RNA binding proteins fulfil multiple but poorly characterised functions in plants. We analysed WHY protein functions in the Arabidopsis Atwhy1, Atwhy3, Atwhy1why3 single and double mutants and wild type controls. The Atwhy3 and Atwhy1why3 double mutants showed a significant delay in flowering, having more siliques per plant but with fewer seeds per silique than the wild type. While germination was similar in the unaged high-quality seeds of all lines, significant decreases in vigour and viability were observed in the aged mutant seeds compared with the wild type. Imbibition of unaged high-quality seeds was characterised by large increases in transcripts that encode proteins involved in oxygen sensing and responses to hypoxia. Seed aging resulted in a disruption of the imbibition-induced transcriptome profile such that transcripts encoding RNA metabolism and processing became the most abundant components of the imbibition signature. The imbibition-related profile of the Atwhy1why3 mutant seeds, was characterised by decreased expression of hypoxia-related and oxygen metabolism genes even in the absence of aging. Seed aging further decreased the abundance of hypoxia-related and oxygen metabolism transcripts relative to the wild type. These findings suggest that the WHY1 and WHY3 proteins regulate the imbibition-induced responses to oxygen availability and hypoxia. Loss of WHY1 and WHY3 functions decreases the ability of Arabidopsis seeds to resist the adverse effects of seed aging.
Les migrations agricoles participent-elles à la conservation de l’agrobiodiversité ? Cas de l’igname au Nord-Bénin, Afrique de l’Ouest
Authors: Egah Janvier , Bonou Alice , Baco Mohamed Nasser , Moumouni-Moussa Ismail , Kestemont Marie-Paule
Published: June 2023

Les mouvements migratoires sont-ils favorables à la conservation de l’agrobiodiversité ? Cette étude apporte des éléments de réponse à travers une analyse des incidences des migrations sur l’agrobiodiversité de l’igname au Nord-Bénin. Un échantillon de 120 personnes (autochtones, migrants et non-migrants) a été constitué de façon raisonnée et par boule de neige. Les données sur les raisons des migrations, les variétés d’igname cultivées et les modes d’accès, les savoirs et savoir-faire de gestion de la biodiversité de l’igname et leur origine ont été collectées lors des entretiens individuels et des focus groups. L’analyse de discours, les tests de concordance de Kendall et t de Student ont été effectués sur les données collectées. L’insuffisance de terres cultivables et la baisse de la fertilité des terres sont les principales raisons des migrations rurales. Les migrants ont introduit 20 variétés d’igname et des pratiques associées dans la zone d’accueil, et 17 dans leur zone de départ lors de diverses visites après une quinzaine d’années de mouvements migratoires. Les adoptants de ces nouvelles variétés n’abandonnant pas les anciennes, leur portefeuille variétal est plus diversifié que celui des non-adoptants. Les migrations rurales contribuent à l’enrichissement de l’agrobiodiversité de l’igname. Elles apparaissent comme des canaux potentiels de diffusion de nouvelles variétés et de technologies pour les organismes de vulgarisation agricole. Une approche diachronique permettrait d’approfondir l’analyse des menaces de perte de l’agrobiodiversité à long terme en milieu paysan.
Heating and cooling European buildings with lakes?
Authors: Eggimann Sven , Vivian Jacopo , Fiorentini Massimo
Published: June 2023

Lake-source thermal district networks can save energy and emission for heating and cooling buildings. However, where and to what degree such systems could be an effective solution is unclear. We simulated that covering 17% of the cooling demand and 7% of the combined heating and cooling demand near European lakes is economically feasible and does not cause severe lake water temperature alterations in most cases.
Traumatisme et transmission en clinique de l’adolescence
Authors: Chagnon Jean-Yves , Pheulpin Marie-Christine , Roman Pascal
Published: June 2023

Les épreuves projectives constituent un outil précieux pour appréhender la dynamique du fonctionnement psychique et rendre compte des aménagements et réaménagements qui s’y déploient. Le temps de l’adolescence, avec les processus qui l’accompagnent, représente un moment de choix pour un certain nombre de renégociations (identitaires et identificatoires en particulier) qui se produisent sous l’égide des enjeux de transmission psychique entre les générations. C’est dans ce contexte que cet article se propose d’appréhender les traces des transmissions traumatiques dans l’actuel de la rencontre avec des adolescents engagés dans des agirs violents sexuels. L’appui sur la passation du Rorschach et du TAT permet de faire émerger un certain nombre d’indicateurs de ces transmissions inconscientes entre les générations, aux plans des aspects identitaires et identificatoires, des processus de pensée et de la représentation des origines. La mise en évidence de ces indicateurs, en appui sur les épreuves projectives, contribue au repérage clinique de ce qui, en arrière-plan des agirs violents sexuels, reste en souffrance et fait souffrance du point de vue des potentiels de symbolisation. Au-delà, les épreuves projectives confirment leur qualité de relance des processus de symbolisation, en appui sur une scénarisation des représentations sur l’espace projectif.
Épreuves projectives et transmission intergénérationnelle et transgénérationnelle du vécu de guerre
Authors: Sawaya Michèle
Published: June 2023

Nous nous proposons de discuter les apports des épreuves projectives dans l’étude de la transmission du trauma à partir de notre travail de recherche autour de la transmission du vécu de guerre chez des Libanais en France. Les rencontres avec les familles se sont effectuées en deux temps : d’abord des entretiens semi-directifs avec les parents, analysés de manière transversale avec la méthode qualitative phénoménologique (IPA), ensuite des entretiens avec les enfants nés en France, précédés d’une passation d’épreuves projectives (Rorschach et TAT). Les épreuves projectives ont permis d’explorer entre autres, les interactions précoces et les relations d’objets qui peuvent être affectées par un vécu parental passé dans un contexte de violence. Nos résultats vont dans le sens d’identifications prudentes, voire ambivalentes aux imagos parentales et aux premiers objets d’amour. Ils révèlent également une perception de la relation qui paraît menaçante. Par ailleurs, la situation projective suscite une mobilisation de défenses accrue, notamment en lien avec le contrôle. Mais par moment, ces défenses semblent mises à mal, dévoilant un défaut de pare-excitation. Ce que nous relevons surtout, ce sont des résonances entre le discours parental et certaines réponses dans les épreuves projectives, notamment à certaines planches du TAT. L’analyse des mouvements transféro/contre-transférentiels au moment de la passation et de l’interprétation a été également un point central du travail et a permis un approfondissement de notre travail.
Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathies
Authors: Schroeter Sarah , Heiss Rafael , Hammer Christian Manfred , Best Raymond , Brucker Peter , Hinterwimmer Stefan , Grim Casper , Engelhardt Martin , Hotfiel Thilo
Published: June 2023

The proximal hamstring complex is a highly vulnerable area that is especially prone to injury. Proximal hamstring tendinopathies (PHTs) remain challenging in diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention due to a large variety of different injuries, slow healing response, persistent symptoms, and functional impairments. PHTs are often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed, leading to delayed treatment and therapy failure. In addition, many athletes are at a high risk of PHT recurrence, a leading cause of prolonged rehabilitation and impaired individual performance. Until now, there have been no clear criteria for the diagnosis and classification of PHT. Tendinopathies can be graded based on their symptoms and onset. Additionally, radiological characteristics exist that describe the severity of tendinopathies. The diagnosis usually includes a battery of pain provocation tests, functional tests, and imaging to ensure a proper classification. Understanding the specific tasks in the pathogenesis and diagnostic process of PHT requires knowledge of functional anatomy, injury pattern and pathophysiological mechanisms as well as examination and imaging techniques. This work provides a structured overview of the pathogenesis and diagnostic work-up of PHT, emphasizing structured examination and imaging to enable a reliable diagnosis and rapid treatment decisions.
Whitepaper: Training in Diagnostic and Interventional Breast Radiology
Authors: Sauer Stephanie Tina , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Wenkel Evelyn , Wujciak Detlef , Platz Batista da Silva Natascha , Landwehr Peter
Published: June 2023

Purpose Breast imaging represents an integral part of radiology and is subject to strict quality controls. Regarding this, precise diagnostics including multimodal assessment by mammography, sonography, and MRI, including image-guided biopsy and localization procedures, is often decisive and must be performed by experts with profound knowledge and skills in all of these procedures.

However, due to numerous restructurings, breast imaging has been shifted more and more towards large, specialized centers, resulting in less patient exposition and training opportunities for radiologists in smaller sites. The following whitepaper summarizes the current circumstances and discusses opinions of the participating societies.

Materials Under the leadership of the German Roentgen Society (DRG) and with the participation of the DRGʼs AG Mammadiagnostik, the CAFRAD (Chefarztforum Radiologie), the KLR (Konferenz der Lehrstuhlinhaber für Radiologie e. V.), the DRGʼs Forum Junge Radiologie (FJR) and the Berufsverband der Deutschen Radiologen e. V. (BDR), possible solutions were discussed and consented for a structured training in breast radiology in the future.

Results In addition to the teaching provided at the primary workplace, qualified training should be ensured through flexible, multi-institutional, interdisciplinary, and cross-sectoral collaboration. Furthermore, the integration of online case collections and close cooperation with certified breast cancer centers and mammography screening units is recommended. It is indispensible that online courses and case collections adhere to the standards of the national societies and include a maximum of one third of the required cases.

Conclusion In order to provide training in breast radiology at a high professional level, a paradigm shift with closer cooperation of all participants is necessary. This includes close collaboration of the breast imaging societies with the federal medical associations to establish new teaching concepts like e-learning in the training schedule of radiologists.

Key points 

Citation Format
Imaging in children with hearing loss
Authors: Sorge Ina , Hirsch Franz Wolfgang , Fuchs Michael , Gräfe Daniel , Dietz Andreas , Sorge Martin
Published: June 2023

Background Since the introduction of hearing screening in Germany in 2009, pediatric hearing disorders are detected at an early stage. Early therapy is essential for language development. Imaging plays a central role in diagnosis and therapy planning.

Method Imaging findings of the most relevant causes of pediatric hearing disorders are presented. Specific attention is given to the method used in each case – CT or MRI.

Results and Conclusions While CT is the method of choice for conductive hearing loss, a combination of CT and MRI with high-resolution T2-3D sequences has been established as the best diagnostic method for sensorineural hearing loss. The most common causes of conductive hearing loss in childhood are chronic inflammation and cholesteatoma. Congenital malformations of the outer or middle ear are less frequent. In the case of sensorineural hearing loss, the cause is located in the inner ear and/or the cochlear nerve or the cerebrum. In these cases, congenital malformations are the most common cause.

Key Points 

Citation Format
Multimodality Imaging Appearance of Intrapericardial Paragangliomas
Authors: Palacio Diana , Gutierrez Maria del Pilar , Kuyumcu Gokhan , Rounseville Benjamin , Shponka Volodymyr , Betancourt Sonia
Published: June 2023

Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system that originate from neural crest cells. Less than 1% of paragangliomas are found in the heart, originating from intrinsic cardiac ganglia cells in the posterior wall the atria, atrioventricular groove, and along the root of the great vessels. A 10-year review of our institution's database identified nine patients who had documented intrapericardial paragangliomas. We describe the multimodality imaging appearance of these tumors. The most common findings include embedment and wrapping around the great vessels and atrioventricular groove within the confines of the pericardium, markedly avid heterogeneous enhancement, distinct engorged neovascularization, and in large lesions, central low attenuation areas compatible with hemorrhage, necrosis, or cystic degeneration.
Maternal Zika Virus Infection in the First Trimester and Fetal Stigmata in the Third Trimester
Authors: Singh Divya , Kaur Ladbans
Published: June 2023

Zika is a flavivirus that is transmitted primarily by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion, sexual contact, and from an infected mother to the unborn baby. Zika virus infection is of particular concern in pregnancy as transplacental transmission of the virus has the potential to cause significant fetal morbidity. Ultrasonography plays a pivotal role in the fetal surveillance of a pregnant woman infected with Zika. There have been outbreaks of Zika virus infection in various parts of India, the most recent occurring in Kanpur in November 2021. We report a case of a primigravida who had Zika virus infection during the first trimester of pregnancy but the fetus presented with the sequelae of infection in the third trimester. This report highlights the sonographic red flags for fetal Zika infection and the importance of serial monitoring in pregnant women exposed to Zika virus.
Innovationen: Smarte Unterstützung in der Krankenhauslogistik
Authors: Hollmig Luisa-Maria
Published: June 2023

Gleich zwei Projekte wurden mit dem diesjährigen Leipziger Innovationspreis gewürdigt. Sie setzen auf Digitalisierung und Automatisierung logistischer Prozesse im Krankenhausbereich. Unter anderem kommen autonome Roboter zum Einsatz.
Externe Dienstleistungen: Inhouse-Logistik für Krankenhäuser mit Versorgungsassistenten
Authors: Witte Susanne
Published: June 2023

Mit einer optimierten Logistik über eine Schrankverwaltungssoftware inklusive der benötigten Hardware für Barcodeetiketten kann das Personal auf den Stationen entlastet und die verbrauchsorientierte Bestandsführung verbessert werden.
Lagerplanung: Neubauplanung eines Versorgungszentrums – die globale Lage beeinflusst den Prozess
Authors: Raida Andrea , Bredehorn Thomas
Published: June 2023

Der Trend zum Betrieb von Versorgungszentren zur Versorgung von Krankenhäusern und Gesundheitseinrichtungen mit notwendigen Produkten des Gesundheitswesens ist unbestreitbar. Dabei sind die Planung und der Betrieb von Krankenhaus-Versorgungszentren entscheidende und wichtige Faktoren für eine erfolgreiche Patientenversorgung und einen nachhaltigen Betrieb von Krankenhäusern.
Tracking und digitale Prozesse in der Materiallogistik: Logistik 4.0 – zukunftsorientierte Krankenhauslogistik
Authors: Holderried Martin , Anton Schneider Tobias , Beck Patricia , Feuerbacher Markus
Published: June 2023

Digital, nachhaltig und mit den Menschen im Mittelpunkt: So gestaltet das Universitätsklinikum Tübingen Logistikprozesse. Ein wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktor ist dabei die Harmonisierung von klinischen Prozessen und IT-Systemen. Mit Erfolg: Die bisherige Praxiserfahrung im klinischen Alltag ist durchweg positiv.
Prozess- und Patientensicherheit: Medikationssicherheit bei der Verabreichung von Infusionen
Authors: Lang Katharina
Published: June 2023

Im Rahmen der strategischen Ausrichtung hat das Schwarzwald-Baar Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen aufgezeigt, wie sich der Einsatz von GS1-Standards auf die logistischen und klinischen Prozesse sowie die Dokumentation auf der Intensivstation auswirkt und die Interoperabilität vorantreibt.
Medizinprodukte: KI: Revolution nur im Büroalltag oder auch im Krankenhaus – Teil 1
Authors: Dillschneider Jutta , Becker Sebastian
Published: June 2023

KI-gestützte Medizingeräte verändern die Anforderungen an die Beschaffungen der Krankenhäuser zunehmend. So rücken Daten, Regulatorik und Vergaberecht immer mehr in den Fokus des Einkaufs.
Non-thermal to thermal electric field effects induced by DC and current pulses in pure and doped VO2 single crystals
Authors: Patlagan Larisa , Sthzeglowski Idan , Reisner George M. , Fisher Bertina
Published: June 2023

Pure VO2, GexV1−xO2 (x < 0.2), and AlxV1−xO2 (x ≤ 0.02) exhibit above room temperature the well-known insulator-metal-transition (IMT) (at TIMT ≅ 340 K). In addition, AlxV1−xO2 exhibits an insulator-insulator-transition (IIT) at TIIT < TIMT. Both transitions can be induced either by external or by Joule heating. Both leave prominent marks on the I–V characteristics of the investigated samples, IIT at low currents and IMT at high currents. Reported herein is a comparative study of the I–V characteristics of needle-like pure and doped VO2 single crystals obtained with pulsed currents of various durations and with DC, in an attempt to separate thermal from non-thermal electric field effects. Identification of the Poole–Frenkel effect (a non-thermal electric field effect) in the I–V characteristics of the doped crystals may play an important role in a long-standing debate on the mechanism of IMT. Such an identification was obtained in this investigation for several Ge- and Al-doped VO2 crystals, so far only in narrow ranges of electric fields (<2000 V/cm) and pulse durations (≤1 ms) above which the non-linear conductivity of the crystals is dominated by Joule heating.
Capturing ultra-broadband complex-fields of arbitrary duration using a real-time spectrogram
Authors: Crockett Benjamin , Rowe Connor , Azaña José
Published: June 2023

One of the most intuitive representations of a waveform is achieved through time-frequency analysis, which depicts how the frequency components of a wave evolve over time. Time-frequency representations, such as the spectrogram, are well-known for allowing full-field characterization of a signal in terms of amplitude and phase. However, present methods to capture the spectrogram of a waveform are only suited for either relatively slow (THz bandwidth) waveforms of short duration. It remains very challenging to capture the time-frequency representation of broadband waves extending over long durations, as required for many important fields in science and technology. Here, we introduce a linear optics temporal imaging concept based on electro-optic time-lensing and dispersive propagation to map the 2D spectrogram as a 1D waveform along the temporal domain. This technique enables ultra-broadband spectrogram analysis without any gaps in the acquisition and with no inherent limitation on maximum signal duration. The spectrogram is captured at unmatched processing rates, up to 16 × 109 Fourier transforms per second (∼60 ps per spectral frame), using a single photodetector and in a fully self-referenced manner. Under certain conditions, we show how this method enables the single-shot full-field characterization of optical waveforms spanning multiple THz. The method is further showcased through accurate amplitude and phase recovery of high-speed complex-modulated optical telecommunication signals using direct intensity detection. This concept will enable the study of physical phenomena unreachable to date and disruptive advancements in high-speed communications, sensing, and information processing.
Viscous fingering to fracturing transition in Hele–Shaw flow of shear-thickening fluid
Authors: Singh Pooja , Mondal Sourav
Published: June 2023

We experimentally investigate the interplay of viscous fingering and fracturing in a radial Hele–Shaw cell displacing a non-Newtonian (shear-thickening) fluid. We have used cornstarch suspension of different compositions (39%–48% w/w dispersed in water–CsCl solution), and the rheology of the suspension exhibits shear thickening behavior beyond a shear rate of 1 s−1. We observe the transition from viscous fingering to dendritic fracturing morphology beyond a critical weight fraction of cornstarch suspension. We analyze the plot of the fraction of injected phase to displaced phase as a function of injected volume for different weight fractions of cornstarch suspension. The injection pressure of the invading fluid (air or oil) used in the present work has no significant effect on the transition from viscous fingering and fracturing patterns. The transition of the pattern is possible if the injection pressure (and consequently the flow rate) is increased. The width of the finger decreases with the injection pressure of the invading fluid and widens with the injected volume due to the reduced local shear rate beyond a critical size. The width of the dendritic fracturing decreases with the injection pressure of invading fluid but increases with the injected volume.
Effects of non-ideality of classical plasmas on the 1Se resonance states in H−
Authors: Das Netai , Ghoshal Arijit , Ho Yew Kam
Published: June 2023

The effects of the non-ideality (NI) of the classical plasmas on the 1Se resonance states of the negative ion of hydrogen (H−) have been investigated theoretically by using the stabilization method. The organized effect of the plasma charged particles is represented by a pseudopotential, which depends on the Debye length D and the non-ideality parameter γ. Densities of the resonance states as a function of D and γ are calculated by employing a highly correlated and extensive basis set. Convergence of the resonance parameters (energy and width) is ensured by increasing the number of terms in the basis. Three 1Se resonance states are found to emerge below the H(4S) excitation threshold. Our present results for lowest lying resonance for plasma-free cases as well as in weakly coupled plasmas are in excellent agreement with the established results in the literature. An extensive study is carried out to explore the changes in the resonance parameters of the three states due to the effects of plasma NI. It is found that, for a given Debye length, the resonance energy increases, and the resonance width decreases with increasing plasma non-ideality.
Topological and random spread models with frozen symbols
Authors: Ban Jung-Chao , Hong Jyy-I , Tsai Cheng-Yu , Wu Yu-Liang
Published: June 2023

When a symbol or a type has been “frozen” (namely, a type of which an individual only produces one individual of the same type), its spread pattern will be changed and this change will affect the long-term behavior of the whole system. However, in a frozen system, the ξ-matrix and the offspring mean matrix are no longer primitive so that the Perron–Frobenius theorem cannot be applied directly when predicting the spread rates. In this paper, our goal is to characterize these key matrices and analyze the spread rate under more general settings both in the topological and random spread models with frozen symbols. More specifically, we propose an algorithm for explicitly computing the spread rate and relate the rate with the eigenvectors of the ξ-matrix or offspring mean matrix. In addition, we reveal that the growth of the population is exponential and that the composition of the population is asymptotically periodic. Furthermore, numerical experiments are provided as supporting evidence for the theory.
Characteristics and gender affirming healthcare needs of transgender and non-binary students starting hormone therapy in a student health service in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Carroll Rona , Sepulveda Bianca , McLeod Lane , Stephenson Cathy , Carroll Richard W.
Published: June 2023

Introduction Traditionally, gender-affirming hormonal therapy (GAHT) is initiated in secondary care, but a primary care based approach has been developed to reduce access barriers. Aim We aim to describe the demographics, hormone choices, and additional referrals made for young people initiating GAHT in a primary care setting in Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods Clinical notes were reviewed for all patients who commenced GAHT between 1 July 2020 to the end of 2022 at a tertiary education health service. Data were collected on age, ethnicity, gender, type of hormones prescribed, and any additional referrals. Results Eighty five patients commenced GAHT during the review period (64% assigned male at birth and starting oestrogen-based GAHT, 36% assigned female at birth and commencing testosterone-based GAHT). Fourty seven percent of patients identified as transgender female, 38% as non-binary, and 15% as transgender male. Spironolactone was the most common choice of testosterone blocker (81%). The choice of oestrogen formulation was fairly equal between patches (54%) and tablets (46%). Eighty percent of those assigned male at birth chose to preserve fertility, 54% requested voice therapy, and 87% of those assigned female at birth requested top surgery. Discussion There is a need for improved understanding of non-binary gender-affirmation needs, in particular those of Māori and Pasifika youth. An informed consent approach in primary care can reduce barriers and distress for transgender youth seeking GAHT. The high unmet need for top surgery for transgender people assigned female at birth requires attention.
Elizabethan vortices
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Authors: Dunajski Maciej , Gavrea Nora
Published: June 2023

Radial solutions to the elliptic Sinh–Gordon and Tzitzeica equations can be interpreted as Abelian vortices on certain surfaces of revolution. These surfaces have a conical excess angle at infinity (in a way which makes them similar to Elizabethan ruff collars). While they cannot be embedded in the Euclidean 3-space, we will show that they can be globally embedded in the hyperbolic space. The existence of these hyperbolic embeddings follows from the asymptotic analysis of a Painlevé III oridinary differential dquation (ODE).
A Single-Center Study Evaluating the Effects of a Topical Serum Combining Postbiotics, Peptides, and Botanical Extracts on Skin
Authors: Few Julius , Lee Michael , Semersky Alec , Mariscal Emily , Pryor Sydney , Talati Akshay
Published: June 2023

Background

Aging, influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leads to visible skin changes such as dryness, surface roughness, and loss of luminosity. Proper skin care can mitigate some of these effects, with topical combination products offering support through complementary mechanisms.

Objectives

To test efficacy and safety of GSYBS-7 (Goop Beauty Youth-Boost Peptide Serum; Goop Inc., Santa Monica, CA), a topical postbiotic and botanical combination serum, used twice daily on facial skin for 6 weeks.

Methods

In this 19-patient pilot study, the primary efficacy measure was improvement on the Global Ranking Scale (GRS) at 42 days. A 12-point patient satisfaction survey and the serum's effect on healing after ablative laser treatment served as secondary and exploratory measures, respectively.

Results

Statistically significant improvements in all GRS domains were observed as early as day 7 with ongoing improvement up to day 42. A >1-point improvement was observed for dehydration (1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.2), visible pores (1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.0), surface roughness (1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9), imbalance (1.3; 95% CI, .9-1.7), static wrinkles (1.3; 95% CI, .9-1.6), pigmentation (1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5), and vasculature (1.2; 95% CI, .8-1.5). Independent photographic review and patient satisfaction surveys corroborated these findings. At day 42, 94.4% of patients were very satisfied with the results, and 88.9% would recommend GSYBS-7 to family and friends. No adverse events were reported, and 100% of patients indicated that GSYBS-7 was gentle enough for everyday use.

Conclusions

GSYBS-7 appears to be an effective and well-tolerated combination topical for the management of age-related and environment-induced skin changes.

Level of Evidence: 4
Pericardial decompression syndrome with acute right ventricular failure: a case series
Authors: Nelson Dean M , Brennan Anthony P , Burns Andrew T , MacIsaac Andrew I
Published: June 2023

Background

Pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS) is an uncommon complication of pericardial drainage of large pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade characterized by paradoxical haemodynamic instability following drainage. Pericardial decompression syndrome may occur immediately, or in the days following pericardial decompression, and presents with signs and symptoms suggestive of uni-/biventricular failure or acute pulmonary oedema.

Case summary

This series describes two cases of this syndrome which demonstrates acute right ventricular failure as a mechanism of PDS and provides insights into the echocardiographic findings and clinical course of this poorly understood syndrome. Case 1 describes a patient who underwent pericardiocentesis, whilst Case 2 describes a patient who underwent surgical pericardiostomy. In both patients, acute right ventricular failure was observed following the release of tamponade and is favoured to be the cause of haemodynamic instability.

Discussion

Pericardial decompression syndrome is a poorly understood, likely underreported complication of pericardial drainage for cardiac tamponade associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whilst a number of hypotheses exist as to the aetiology of PDS, this case series supports haemodynamic compromise being secondary to left ventricular compression following acute right ventricular dilatation.