bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecium NRRL B‐2354 in Pasta Matrices
Authors: Gowans Kristi S. , Taylor Bradley J. , Geary Brad D. , Robison Richard A. , Ahlborn Gene J.
Published: January 2025

Limited data are currently available characterizing the thermal resistance of foodborne pathogens in semolina flour and intermediate pasta matrices representative of commercial conditions during processing. Pasta producers require these data to be compliant with federal regulations since Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli demonstrate survival in flour and dried pasta products. This study investigated the heat resistance of Salmonella, pathogenic E. coli, and E. faecium NRRL B‐2354 in semolina flour and partially dried pasta intermediates via thermal death time (TDT) studies. The appropriateness of E. faecium NRRL B‐2354 as a surrogate in semolina flour and pasta matrices was determined. Inoculated pasta matrices equilibrated to target water activities of 0.85, 0.88, and 0.91 (at 25°C) underwent isothermal inactivation treatments at 65°C, 70°C, and 75°C. Serial dilution and direct plating methods allowed for the estimation of bacterial survival at each treatment. In representative pasta matrices, the D values for each microorganism increased as water activity decreased from 0.91 to 0.85. Surprisingly, Salmonella and E. coli did not exhibit significantly different thermal resistance in pasta. The greatest heat resistance was seen in semolina flour (aw 0.45). E. faecium was significantly more thermal resistant than both pathogens in all treatments when the temperature was ≤ 70°C. The results show that E. faecium strain NRRL B‐2354 is not an ideal proxy for Salmonella and E. coli in semolina and pasta matrices. Analysis of the TDT data also found that a long‐goods pasta drying process can achieve ≥ 7‐log reductions of Salmonella and E. coli when following good manufacturing practices.
Nonuniform Corrosion in the Vertical Direction of Q345 Steel in a Real Ocean Environment
Authors: Hu Jiezhen , Huang Huan , Hu Xin , Deng Peichang , Zheng Guo , Chen Jiahong , Tu Zhiwen
Published: January 2025

The aim of this investigation was to study nonuniform corrosion in the vertical direction of Q345 steel in the South China Sea. First, a metal corrosion monitoring system was designed and applied based on the coulometer principle and array electrode technology. Then, through coulometer testing, weightlessness analysis, electrochemical testing, and surface morphology observation, the corrosion behavior of Q345 steel used in an offshore wind turbine in Zhanjiang Bay in the South China Sea was studied. The results revealed that within the first 30 days of the experiment, the array electrodes connected by electricity exhibited sacrificial anode/cathode protection with self‐coupling. Therefore, the corrosion rates of the electrodes were slowed. Between 60 and 120 days, the array electrodes underwent a transition in the anode/cathode region. In actual marine environments, the most severely corroded areas of long metal structures were near the sea surface and seabed and had to be prioritized for protection.
Long‐Term Moderate‐Level Noise Exposure Caused Hyperexcitability in the Central Auditory System
Authors: Xu Fei , Chen Guangdi , Li Li , Sun Wei
Published: January 2025

Noise exposure is one of the most common causes of hearing loss and hyperacusis. Studies have shown that noise exposure can induce a cortical gain to compensate for reduced input of the cochlea, which may contribute to the increased sound sensitivity. However, many people with hyperacusis have no measurable cochlear lesion after being exposed to loud sound. In this experiment, we studied the neurological alterations in the cortical and subcortical areas following a prolonged moderate level of noise exposure (84 dB SPL, 8 h/day for 4 weeks) in the laboratory mice. The cochlear function was monitored by auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). The behavioral auditory sensitivity and temporal processing were evaluated using the acoustic startle response (ASR) and gap‐induced prepulse inhibition (gap‐PPI). The central auditory functions were determined by electrophysiological recordings of the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC). Our results showed that although there was no significant difference in the ABR thresholds, the noise group showed enhanced ASR and gap‐PPI compared to the control group. Increased neural activity in both the IC and the AC was recorded in the noise‐exposed mice compared to the control group, suggesting a central gain in both the subcortical and cortical regions. The current source density (CSD) analysis of the AC response revealed an increased columnar excitation and reduced corticocortical projection in the noise group, different from the central gain model of noise‐induced hearing loss. Our results suggest that chronic “nondestructive” noise can increase the gain of the central auditory system by altering the balance of auditory thalamocortical and intracortical inputs, which may contribute to the increased sound sensitivity in people with normal hearing.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Spatial and Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Heterogeneity of DNAM-1 Receptor–Ligand Interactions That Instructs Intratumoral γδT-cell Activity
Authors: Wang Xiaolin , Wang Hui , Lu Zhengjing , Liu Xiangjun , Chai Wenjia , Wang Wei , Feng Jun , Yang Shen , Yang Wei , Cheng Haiyan , Chen Chenghao , Zhang Shihan , Sun Nian , Liu Qiaoyin , Li Qiliang , Song Wenqi , Jin Fang , Zeng Qi , Wang Shengcai , Su Yan , Wang Huanmin , Ni Xin , Gui Jingang
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure 3 The expression analysis of CD112 and CD155 in NB. (A) and (B) The expression of CD112 in NB cell lines and primary NB tumor tissues are identified using qPCR and Western blot. (C) and (D) The expression of CD112 in NB cell lines and primary NB tumor tissues are identified using FACS. (E) Soluble CD112 in serum is detected by ELISA (HC, n = 17, NB, n = 22) and is further analyzed between different groups divided according to INSS stage, risk and MYCN status. (F) and (G) The expression of CD155 in NB cell lines and primary NB tumor tissues are identified using qPCR and Western blot. (H) and (I) The expression of CD155 in NB cell lines and primary NB tumor tissues are identified using FACS. (J) Soluble CD155 in serum is detected by ELISA (HC, n = 21, NB, n = 35) and is further analyzed between different groups divided according to INSS stage, risk and MYCN status. The results are expressed as the means ± SEMs from at least three independent experiments. Significant differences between groups are represented by ns no significance, *** p < 0.001.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Spatial and Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Heterogeneity of DNAM-1 Receptor–Ligand Interactions That Instructs Intratumoral γδT-cell Activity
Authors: Wang Xiaolin , Wang Hui , Lu Zhengjing , Liu Xiangjun , Chai Wenjia , Wang Wei , Feng Jun , Yang Shen , Yang Wei , Cheng Haiyan , Chen Chenghao , Zhang Shihan , Sun Nian , Liu Qiaoyin , Li Qiliang , Song Wenqi , Jin Fang , Zeng Qi , Wang Shengcai , Su Yan , Wang Huanmin , Ni Xin , Gui Jingang
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure 2 Gating strategies of FACS analysis and the expression pattern of TIGIT in NB. (A) Gating strategies for the FACS analysis of circulating γδT cells. (B) Gating strategies for the FACS analysis of tumor infiltrating immune cells. (C) and (D) The expression analysis of CD96 and CD112R in peripheral blood (PB) γδT cells from healthy controls (HC, n = 10) and neuroblastoma patients (NB, n = 18). The proportions of γδT cells are shown in the left panel statistically and the representative FACS histograms are shown in the right panel with mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) labeled in corresponding histograms. (E) Using GSE49711 from GEO database and R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform, the expression pattern of TIGIT in NB tumors (n = 498) with different INSS stages, risks, MYCN status and death events is analyzed and illustrated by box plots. (F) The overall and eventfree survival curves are generated by grouping samples with the median of TIGIT expression. (G) The expression correlation between TIGIT and DNAM-1 are analyzed using GSE49711 dataset. The results are expressed as the means ± SEMs. Significant differences between groups are represented by ns no significance, ** p < 0.01 and **** p < 0.0001.
Targeting TUT1 Depletes Tri-snRNP Pools to Suppress Splicing and Inhibit Pancreatic Cancer Cell Survival
Authors: Guo Ziwei , Huang Junran , Lu Zhi J. , Shi Yongsheng , David Charles J. , Chen Mo
Published: January 2025

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly aggressive and lacks effective therapeutic options. Cancer cells frequently become more dependent on splicing factors than normal cells due to increased rates of transcription. Terminal uridylyltransferase 1 (TUT1) is a specific terminal uridylyltransferase for U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), which plays a catalytic role in the spliceosome. Here, we found that TUT1 was required for the survival of PDAC cells but not for normal pancreatic cells. In PDAC cells, the uridylylation activity of TUT1 promoted tri-snRNP assembly by facilitating the binding of LSM proteins to U6 snRNA and subsequent tri-snRNP assembly. PDAC cells required higher amounts of tri-snRNP to efficiently splice pre-mRNA with weak splice sites to support the high transcriptional output. Depletion of TUT1 in PDAC cells resulted in inefficient splicing of exons in a group of highly expressed RNAs containing weak splice sites, thereby resulting in the collapse of an mRNA processing circuit and consequently dysregulating splicing required by PDAC cells. Overall, this study unveiled an interesting function of TUT1 in regulating splicing by modulating tri-snRNP levels and demonstrated a distinct mechanism underlying splicing addiction in pancreatic cancer cells.
Vvax001, a Therapeutic Vaccine, for Patients with HPV16-Positive High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Phase II Trial
Authors: Eerkens Anneke L. , Esajas Martha D. , Brummel Koen , Vledder Annegé , van Rooij Nienke , Plat Annechien , Avalos Haro Stefany B. , Paijens Sterre T. , Slagter-Menkema Lorian , Schuuring Ed , Werner Naomi , Kosterink Jos G.W. , Kroesen Bart-Jan , Wilschut Jan C. , Daemen Toos , Bart Joost , Nijman Hans W. , de Bruyn Marco , Yigit Refika
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major cause of (pre)malignant cervical lesions. We previously demonstrated that Vvax001, a replication-incompetent Semliki Forest virus vaccine encoding HPV type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7, induced potent anti-E6 and -E7 cytotoxic T-cell responses. In this study, we investigated the clinical efficacy of Vvax001 in patients with HPV16-positive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 (CIN3).

Patients and Methods:

Patients with newly diagnosed HPV16-positive CIN3 were eligible for participation. Patients received three immunizations of Vvax001 (5 × 107 infectious particles) at a 3-week interval. Up to 19 weeks after the last immunization, patients were monitored for regression of CIN3 by colposcopy. A colposcopy-guided biopsy was taken at the last visit, and a standard-of-care loop excision was performed only in case of remaining CIN grade 2/CIN3. Histopathologic response rates, HPV16 clearance, treatment-related adverse events, and vaccine-induced immune responses were assessed.

Results:

A total of 18 patients were enrolled and fully immunized. Colposcopic examination revealed a reduction in CIN3 lesion sizes in 17/18 (94%) patients already evident from 3 weeks onward after the last immunization. A histopathologic complete response (regression to CIN grade 1 or no dysplasia) was observed in 9/18 patients (50%) and HPV16 clearance in 10/16 patients (63%). Vvax001 did not induce clearance of other HPV types. To date, no recurrences have been observed, with a median and longest disease-free survival of 20 and 30 months, respectively. No serious adverse events were observed.

Conclusions:

Treatment with Vvax001 is safe and feasible and shows preliminary clinical effectiveness in patients with HPV16-associated CIN3 lesions.
The Role of WDR77 in Cancer: More than a PRMT5 Interactor
Authors: Silverman Isaac , Shaykevich Aaron , Maitra Radhashree
Published: January 2025

WD repeat domain 77 protein (WDR77), a WD-40 domain–containing protein, is a crucial regulator of cellular pathways in cancer progression. Although much of the past research on WDR77 has focused on its interaction with protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in histone methylation, WDR77’s regulatory functions extend beyond this pathway, influencing diverse mechanisms such as mRNA translation, chromatin assembly, cell-cycle regulation, and apoptosis. WDR77 is a key regulator of cell-cycle progression, regulating the transition from the G1 phase. WDR77 regulates many signaling pathways such as TGFβ in which its role in these cellular pathways underscores its broad oncogenic potential. WDR77 also assists and promotes certain transcription factors such as E2F. Furthermore, in certain cancers, WDR77 enhances steroid hormone receptor activity, uniquely linking it to hormone-driven malignancies. WDR77 often translocates between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, with its location dictating its role in the cell. WDR77 has the ability to adapt its function depending on its location that emphasizes its dynamic role in both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth, depending on cellular context. This dual function makes WDR77 an attractive therapeutic target, as disrupting its interactions with critical signaling pathways or modulating its translocation could yield novel strategies for cancer treatment. Given WDR77’s role in oncogenic pathways independent of PRMT5, further exploration of WDR77 and its non-PRMT5-related activities may reveal additional therapeutic opportunities in an array of cancers.
Table 3 from A Cost-Effective Two-Step Approach for Multi-Cancer Early Detection in High-Risk Populations
Authors: Geng Shuaipeng , Li Shiyong , Wu Wei , Chang Yinyin , Mao Mao
Published: January 2025

Simulated performance, efficiency, and cost in a screening of five million people
Figure S1, Table S1, Table S2 from A Cost-Effective Two-Step Approach for Multi-Cancer Early Detection in High-Risk Populations
Authors: Geng Shuaipeng , Li Shiyong , Wu Wei , Chang Yinyin , Mao Mao
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Data
Figure 2 from A Cost-Effective Two-Step Approach for Multi-Cancer Early Detection in High-Risk Populations
Authors: Geng Shuaipeng , Li Shiyong , Wu Wei , Chang Yinyin , Mao Mao
Published: January 2025

Two-step MCED approach flowchart. Participants first underwent initial testing with OncoSeek. If POC ≥0.5, the individuals were classified as initially positive and proceeded to secondary testing with SeekInCare. If POC <0.5, the individuals were classified as negative and predicted as noncancer. In secondary testing, if CRS ≥2, the initial positives were classified as secondary positives and predicted as cancer. If CRS <2, the initial positives were considered negative and predicted as noncancer.
ICD-11: Veränderungen im Bereich der Essstörungen
Authors: de Zwaan Martina
Published: January 2025

Hintergrund: Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die diagnostischen Veränderungen bei den Essstörungen in der ICD-11. Zusammenfassung: Die kindlichen Fütterstörungen wurden mit den Essstörungen zusammengefasst. Als neue eigenständige Diagnosen sind nun die Binge-Eating-Störung und die Störung mit Vermeidung oder Einschränkung der Nahrungsaufnahme genannt. Bei den diagnostischen Kriterien von Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa und Binge-Eating-Störung gab es einige relevante Veränderungen, welche die Gewichtsgrenzen sowie die Definition und Frequenz von Essanfällen betreffen. Kernbotschaft: Insgesamt sind die diagnostischen Änderungen im Bereich der Fütter- und Essstörungen sicher weniger gravierend als bei anderen psychischen Störungen.
Post-Marketing Safety of Temozolomide: A Pharmacovigilance Study Based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Lin Yuhao , Deng Muling , Xu Siqi , Chen Chuanben , Ding Jianming
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Temozolomide (TMZ) is a widely used chemotherapy agent for the treatment of malignant gliomas and other brain tumors. Despite its established therapeutic benefits, there is an ongoing need to understand better its safety profile, particularly in real-world clinical settings. This study aimed to identify critical adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with TMZ by utilizing the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, thereby providing valuable safety insights for clinical practice. Methods: We utilized the reported odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network, and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean as primary algorithms for disproportionality analysis. Adverse events (AEs) were classified as ADRs only upon meeting the criteria set by all four algorithms. To ensure the accuracy of our results, we meticulously excluded any AEs deemed unrelated to TMZ. Results: From October 2003 to September 2023, a total of 10,502,538 case reports and 9,073 cases explicitly attributed to TMZ were retrieved from the FAERS database. After applying our filters, 116 ADRs, each with a corresponding Preferred Term (PT), were identified across 18 System Organ Classes (SOCs). The identified ADRs associated with TMZ primarily involved bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity, and various infections, notably Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Furthermore, our analysis identified valuable ADRs not listed in the drug label, including congenital, familial, and genetic disorders at the SOC level, as well as unexpected ADRs at the PT level, such as seizures, pulmonary embolism, and sepsis. Conclusion: This real-world pharmacovigilance study has identified significant and previously unreported ADRs associated with TMZ. Further research for validation and resolution is urgently needed to guide the clinical application of TMZ, ensuring the safety and efficacy of its use in treating brain tumors.
Psoriasis-Arthritis: Update der EULAR-Empfehlungen
Authors: Aringer Martin
Published: January 2025

Objective: New modes of action and more data on the efficacy and safety of existing drugs in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) required an update of the EULAR 2019 recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of PsA. Methods: Following EULAR standardised operating procedures, the process included a systematic literature review and a consensus meeting of 36 international experts in April 2023. Levels of evidence and grades of recommendations were determined. Results: The updated recommendations comprise 7 overarching principles and 11 recommendations, and provide a treatment strategy for pharmacological therapies. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be used in monotherapy only for mild PsA and in the short term; oral glucocorticoids are not recommended. In patients with peripheral arthritis, rapid initiation of conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs is recommended and methotrexate preferred. If the treatment target is not achieved with this strategy, a biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) should be initiated, without preference among modes of action. Relevant skin psoriasis should orient towards bDMARDs targeting interleukin (IL)-23p40, IL-23p19, IL-17A and IL-17A/F inhibitors. In case of predominant axial or entheseal disease, an algorithm is also proposed. Use of Janus kinase inhibitors is proposed primarily after bDMARD failure, taking relevant risk factors into account, or in case bDMARDs are not an appropriate choice. Inflammatory bowel disease and uveitis, if present, should influence drug choices, with monoclonal tumour necrosis factor inhibitors proposed. Drug switches and tapering in sustained remission are also addressed. Conclusion: These updated recommendations integrate all currently available drugs in a practical and progressive approach, which will be helpful in the pharmacological management of PsA.
CED: Screening auf intestinale Lungenerkrankung bei CED sollte Standard werden
Authors: Schnoy Elisabeth
Published: January 2025

Introduction: We aim to investigate the contribution of interstitial lung disease (ILD) to mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: We performed a comprehensive retrospective, population-based epidemiological study across the United States from 2001 to 2020, using the Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. Mortality data were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, with the codes J84 for ILD, K50 for Crohn’s disease, and K51 for ulcerative colitis. To discern patterns, age-adjusted mortality rates (AMR) were computed, stratified by sex, geographic census region, and racial/ethnic demographics. Results: From 2001 to 2020, there were 57,967 reported deaths among patients with IBD with an AMR per million significantly rising from 10.989 in 2001–2005 to 11.443 in 2016–2020 (P < 0.0001). ILD was a contributor to death in 1.19% (692/57,967) of these cases, with AMR rising from 0.092 to 0.143 per million (P = 0.010). The percentage of ILD-related deaths in the IBD population increased from 1.02% to 1.30% over 2 decades. ILD was a more common cause of death in patients with Crohn’s disease than with ulcerative colitis (54.6% vs 45.4%), with a significant increase for both conditions from 2001 to 2020 (P < 0.05). An upward trend in ILD-related mortality was observed in both sexes (P < 0.05) and within the White population (P = 0.010).
Impact of robotic surgery on postoperative pancreatic fistula for high-risk pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Fuji Tomokazu , Takagi Kosei , Umeda Yuzo , Yasui Kazuya , Yamada Motohiko , Nagai Yasuo , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi
Published: January 2025

Background: The safety and feasibility of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) in high-risk patients with postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) have rarely been investigated, although the rate of POPF is lower than in open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD). This study aimed to examine the impact of robotic surgery on POPF in high-risk patients after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).
Methods: This retrospective analysis included 204 patients who underwent RPD between January 2018 and June 2023. Of the 204 patients, 126 with high-risk POPF were included. The outcomes of RPD and OPD were compared. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with the development of clinically relevant POPF (CR-POPF) after surgery.
Results: Of the 126 patients, 50 underwent RPD and 76 underwent OPD. The incidence of CR-POPF was significantly lower in the RPD group than in the OPD group (6.0% vs. 38.2%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analyses identified OPD as an independent risk factor associated with CR-POPF (odds ratio [OR]: 7.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.11–29.4, P = 0.002).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated the impact of robotic surgery on POPF in high-risk patients after PD. These results suggest that RPD may be significantly associated with a decreased incidence of CR-POPF in high-risk anastomoses.
Relação entre o nível de atividade física e a ocorrência de dor em universitários: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lopes Samira Lobo , Mesquita Juliana Ventura , Xavier Sara Marques , Cardoso Renata Alves , Borges Ingrid Santos , Cunha Katiane da Costa , Silva Marianne Lucena da , Gouvêa-e-Silva Luiz Fernando
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A maioria dos universitários apresentam baixo nível de atividade física e os seus níveis de adesão tendem a diminuir com o passar do tempo e aumento das atribuições. Além disso, nota-se que a dor osteomuscular é comum nesses estudantes, principalmente na região da coluna vertebral, e essa dor pode ocasionar prejuízos psicológicos e sociais. Objetivo: Verificar a relação do nível de atividade física (NAF) com a ocorrência de dor em populações de estudantes universitários. Método: O estudo se caracteriza como uma revisão integrativa. As buscas ocorreram em nove bases de dados por meio dos descritores “dor”, “atividade física” e “estudantes”, bem como seus termos equivalentes. Localizaram-se inicialmente 596 artigos e após a retirada de duplicatas e de artigos não relacionados ao objeto deste estudo, foram incluídos oito artigos para análise. Resultado: Os estudos envolveram uma amostra de 40.638 estudantes universitários, com idades variando de 18 e 26 anos. Dentre os oito estudos incluídos, um concluiu que o NAF não interfere na dor, dois indicaram que o aumento do NAF diminui a dor e, em cinco estudos, observou-se que a redução do NAF aumenta a dor. Conclusão: Esta revisão traz evidências preliminares de que a atividade física possa minimizar a ocorrência de dor na população universitária. Novos estudos, epidemiológicos e clínicos são necessários para avaliar a dor e o nível de atividade física nesta população.
Análises de complicações hospitalares em pacientes pós síndrome coronarianas agudas
Authors: Seleme Vinícius Bocchino , Cabrera Guilherme , Précoma Marina Massuchin , Ghislandi Gabriel Spengler , Bizetto André Luiz Cristani , Bengtsson Eloisa Gôngora , Kotzias Maria Eduarda Tarta
Published: January 2025

Fundamentos: Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar as complicações hospitalares de pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA) entre os anos de 2016 a 2021 em hospital terciário na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo tipo retrospectivo com desenho observacional, transversal que envolve a análise de prontuários de pacientes adultos, que tiveram SCA em uso de pelo menos um antiagregante plaquetário, internados em hospital terciário da cidade de Curitiba, PR. Dentro da data prevista foram incluídos 379 pacientes no estudo. Os dados encontrados foram correlacionados entre si para definirmos as principais complicações e os principais desfechos secundários. Resultados: O estudo mostrou que dentre os 379 pacientes avaliados 65% dos pacientes eram hipertensos, 69% não tinham histórico de tabagismo e 44% tinham dislipidemia. Todos os pacientes estavam em uso de AAS. 308 indivíduos utilizaram o clopidogrel como segundo antiagregante plaquetário de escolha e apenas 1 paciente fez uso do prasugrel. Quanto aos diagnósticos, 172 pacientes (45%) foram diagnosticados com infarto agudo do miocárdio sem supra do segmento ST (IAMSSST), seguido de 99 (26%) com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supra do segmento ST (IAMCSST), 64 (17%) angina instável de moderado/alto risco, 44 (12%) angina instável de baixo risco. Após mais de um ano da alta do internamento inicial por SCA, o fato do paciente ter doença multiarterial coronariana, com necessidade de realização de nova angioplastia pós internamento por SCA, esteve associado a mortalidade por causa cardíaca (após mais de 1 ano da alta), com valor de p com relevância estatística (p = 0,002). E, por fim, os pacientes que tiveram alguma complicação na internação tiveram mais óbito por causa cardíaca (p= 0,003). O uso do AAS  esteve associado a redução de mortalidade cardíaca após 1 ano do evento, com valor estatístico marginal (p=0,08).  Discussão: As doenças multiarteriais coronárias representam maior complexidade anatômica e maiores desafios terapêuticos, o que reflete no aumento da mortalidade. Além disso, as complicações como hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA), choque séptico, choque cardiogenico, acidente vascular isquemico ou hemorragico aumentam o tempo de internamento e aumentam também a necessidade do paciente receber cuidados da unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e, com consequente aumento da mortalidade desses pacientes. Conclusão: Apesar do uso de ticagrelor ou prasugrel estarem relacionados a menores complicações isquêmicas, o clopidogrel ainda continua sendo muito utilizado. A presença de complicações durante o internamento impacta em aumento de mortalidade. A análise mostrou que a maioria dos pacientes recebeu tratamento com angioplastia coronariana primária ao invés de trombólise, refletindo uma eficácia no atendimento primário em Curitiba.
Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na dispensação de medicamentos para asma no serviço público*
Authors: Vindor Juliana André , Borges Vinicius Raphael de Almeida , Silva Cristiane Lyrio da , Cassaro Karla Oliveira dos Santos , Andrade Tadeu Uggere de
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dispensing of medications for the treatment of asthma in public pharmacies of the specialized componente. Methods: Retrospective observational study to evaluate the dispensing profile of medications for the treatment of asthma in public pharmacies of the specialized component, before (2016-2019) and during (2020-2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. The data on the number of consultations and the number of medications dispensed for the treatment of asthma were evaluated. Results: The results show that there was a decrease in the number of users attended during the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period and the number of medications dispensed for asthma increased in the first year of the pandemic (2020), reaching an accumulated of 47% in relation to the year 2016, being 17% increase in relation to the year 2019. In 2021, there was a decrease in the number of medications dispensed, reaching a decrease of 31% in relation to the year 2020. For the medications that underwent changes in their dispensing profile, it was observed that 60% of the users were already obtaining medications before 2016 but did not do so regularly. The age of these patients is over 50 years, with female predominance. Conclusion: It is concluded that the decreases observed are a result of the social isolation and distancing adopted by the population.
Temporalidade, memória e ancestralidade em "Vozes-Mulheres", de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Silva Marcos Vinicius Souza
Published: January 2025

This essay aims to analyze the themes of temporality, memory and ancestry present in the poem "Vozes-Mulheres", by Conceição Evaristo. Through a comparative analysis between Literature, History and Sociology, the reading brings into focus themes such as the invisibilization of black and poor women, processes of oppression, social hierarchies and their implications for ctional literary production and material reality.
Effect of Sequential, Colocalized Radiofrequency and Pulsed Field Ablation on Cardiac Lesion Size and Histology
Authors: Verma Atul , Maffre Jennifer , Sharma Tushar , Farshchi-Heydari Salman
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Sequential application of radiofrequency with pulsed field (PF) ablation may increase lesion depth while preserving the advantages of PF. The study’s aim was to determine lesion dimensions of sequential, colocalized radiofrequency and PF ablation.

METHODS:

A preclinical study using swine (n=4) performed lesions in the right/left ventricles. Ablations were performed with a force-sensing 3.5-mm irrigated-tip ablation catheter using a generator delivering both radiofrequency and PF. PF was delivered using unipolar, biphasic pulses at a standard dose (PF index, 300) with 4-mL/min irrigation. Radiofrequency was delivered at 50 W for 10 s (15 mL/min). Lesions were created by applying colocalized radiofrequency followed by sequential application of PF on the same location, PF followed by sequential application of radiofrequency on the same location, PF alone, or radiofrequency alone. Tissue was collected after 2 hours for lesion assessment. Results are mean±SD.

RESULTS:

Forty-five lesions were analyzed. The lesion depth of radiofrequency alone was 4.9±0.8 mm. The mean lesion depth and width for PF alone were 3.5±0.6 and 5.1±1.8 mm. Lesion depths for combined applications were significantly greater versus PF alone (6.2±1.8 mm radiofrequency followed by sequential application of PF on the same location; 5.7±1.3 mm PF followed by sequential application of radiofrequency on the same location;
P
<0.0001 for both). Lesion widths were also significantly greater with combined therapy versus PF alone (8.6±1.8 mm radiofrequency followed by sequential application of PF on the same location; 8.9±2.1 mm PF followed by sequential application of radiofrequency on the same location;
P
<0.0001 for both). Histology for both combined lesions showed central thermal necrosis surrounded by a hemorrhagic and transitional PF zone.

CONCLUSIONS:

Combined, colocalized radiofrequency and PF, irrespective of order, show significantly increased lesion size compared with the same dose of PF or radiofrequency alone.
Sex-Specific Clinical and Genetic Factors Associated With Adverse Outcomes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Butters Alexandra , Arnott Clare , Sweeting Joanna , Claggett Brian , Cuomo Anna SE. , Abrams Dominic , Ashley Euan A. , Day Sharlene M. , Helms Adam S. , Lampert Rachel , Lin Kim Y. , Michels Michelle , Miller Erin M. , Olivotto Iacopo , Owens Anjali , Parikh Victoria N. , Pereira Alexandre C. , Rossano Joseph W. , Ryan Thomas D. , Saberi Sara , Stendahl John C. , Ware James S. , Atherton John , Semsarian Christopher , Lakdawala Neal K. , Ho Carolyn Y. , Ingles Jodie
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Females with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy present at a more advanced stage of the disease and have a higher risk of heart failure and death. The factors behind these differences are unclear. We aimed to investigate sex-related differences in clinical and genetic factors affecting adverse outcomes in the Sarcomeric Human Cardiomyopathy Registry.

METHODS:

Cox proportional hazard models were fit with a sex interaction term to determine if significant sex differences existed in the association between risk factors and outcomes. Models were fit separately for females and males to find the sex-specific hazard ratio (HR).

RESULTS:

After a mean follow-up of 6.4 years, females had a higher risk of heart failure (HR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.21–1.88];
P
=0.0003) but a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (HR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.59–0.93];
P
<0.0001) and ventricular arrhythmia (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.38–0.94];
P
=0.027) than males. No sex difference was observed for death (
P
=0.84). Sarcomere-positive males had higher heart failure (HR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.06–1.69]) and death risks (HR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.08–2.04]) not seen in females (HR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.66–1.08] versus HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.71–1.21]).
MYBPC3
variants lowered heart failure risk in females (HR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.41–0.77]) but not in males (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 0.99–1.67]). A sex difference appeared in moderate (4% to <6%) versus low risk (<4%) European Society of Cardiology hypertrophic cardiomyopathy risk score, with females at moderate risk more prone to ventricular arrhythmia (HR, 3.57 [95% CI, 1.70–7.49]), unobserved in males (HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.63–2.03]).

CONCLUSIONS:

We found that clinical and genetic factors contributing to adverse outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affect females and males differently. Thus, research to inform sex-specific management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy could improve outcomes for both sexes.
Prevalence of High-Risk CTA-Based Carotid Plaque-RADS Subtypes in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Song Jae W. , Phi Huy Q. , Koneru Manisha , Cao Quy , Rubin Jeremy , Sakai Yu , Ibrahim Lamya , Zhou Sonya E. , Woo John H. , Kasner Scott E. , Saba Luca , Cucchiara Brett L.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

A modified computed tomography angiography (CTA)–based Carotid Plaque Reporting and Data System (Plaque-RADS) classification was applied to a cohort of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source to test whether high-risk Plaque-RADS subtypes are more prevalent on the ipsilateral side of stroke. With the widespread use of CTA for stroke evaluation, a CTA-based Plaque-RADS would be valuable for generalizability.

METHODS:

A retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted at a single integrated health system comprised of 3 hospitals with a comprehensive stroke center between October 1, 2015, and April 1, 2017. Patients with unilateral anterior circulation stroke and <50% carotid stenosis on CTA were retrospectively identified. Maximum plaque thickness and ulceration were assessed by a neuroradiologist blinded to the stroke side. A semiautomated segmentation software measured intraplaque hemorrhage volumes. Modified CTA-based Plaque-RADS classification was defined as (1) no plaque, (2) plaque thickness <3 mm, (3) plaque thickness ≥3 mm or ulcerated, and (4) plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage >50 mm
3
irrespective of plaque thickness. High-risk plaque subtypes (Plaque-RADS 3 and 4) were compared with low-risk subtypes (Plaque-RADS 1 and 2).

RESULTS:

Ninety-four patients (55% women; median age, 66 years) were included. CTA-based Plaque-RADS categories for plaques ipsilateral to the stroke side were as follows: (1) 14.9%, (2) 42.6%, (3) 41.5%, and (4) 1.1%. Carotid plaques contralateral to stroke side were Plaque-RADS: (1) 21.3%, (2) 46.8%, (3) 31.9%, and (4) 0%. When compared with the contralateral side, plaques ipsilateral to the stroke side were significantly associated with high-risk Plaque-RADS subtypes in a mixed-effects logistic model adjusting for age and sex (adjusted odds ratio, 2.10 [95% CI, 1.20–3.71];
P
=0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:

Carotid plaque ipsilateral to the stroke side was significantly associated with CTA-based high-risk Plaque-RADS subtypes in an embolic stroke of undetermined source cohort. A CTA-based Plaque-RADS classification may be useful for identifying potentially causative carotid plaque phenotypes in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source.
Edgard Varèse's Poème Électronique: From the Sketches to the Sound Spatialization
Authors: Izzo Leo
Published: January 2025

The article explores the genesis of Poème électronique by Edgard Varèse, drawing on previously unknown or overlooked sources recently identified in the Varèse collection at the Paul Sacher Stiftung (Basel). These sources fall into two categories: (1) Varèse's musical manuscripts and sketches, and (2) the technical plan for the sound spatialization of the entire piece, developed by Philips engineers. Varèse's sketches and drafts for Poème électronique have long been neglected, and the complete spatialization plan, once thought lost, has only recently been rediscovered. These findings shed light on a largely unrecognized, complex creative process that spanned from the initial musical sketches to the final performance within the Philips Pavilion at the Brussels Expo in 1958, a building for which Le Corbusier was commissioned and which his assistant Iannis Xenakis designed.

A focal point of this study is a short section of the piece, labeled by Varèse as section F, which serves as a case study. Varèse composed this section by integrating diagrams for electronic sounds with conventional scores, including fragments from his unpublished Étude pour Espace (1947a). The spatialization plan for section F, in alignment with Varèse's manuscripts, evokes vertical sound movements reminiscent of falling drops. The article offers a formal analysis of Poème électronique based on these drafts and the control score for sound spatialization.
Achieving Middle-Income Status by 2025
Authors: Tiwari Chandani , Das Arpan
Published: January 2025

The economy of Ethiopia has been ranked among the fastest-growing in the world, but its development has trailed. The nation continues to be among the poorest in the world, with a gross national income (GNI) of USD 960 per capita and high levels of inequality. Its rapid population expansion of 2.5 % annually is one of the major obstacles to its development, straining resources and making it challenging to produce enough jobs to accommodate the expanding workforce. Despite these obstacles, Ethiopia has advanced significantly recently. The government has implemented several measures to enhance the economic climate and attract foreign investment. This study focuses on the statistical possibility of Ethiopia reaching middle-income status by the end of 2025. It conducts a variance autoregression model analysis to determine the variables affecting Ethiopia’s GNI per capita and forecasts the GNI per capita through the CAGR method. Forecasting showed higher chances for the nation to reach middle-income status by 2025.
Increasing Agricultural Productivity with Targeted Extension and Advisory Services: Lessons from Ugandan Dairy Farming
Authors: Ahikiriza Elizabeth , Van Huylenbroeck Guido , Lauwers Ludwig
Published: January 2025

Recently, the use of improved technologies and increasing technical efficiency have been considered the two major pathways to sustainably increase agricultural productivity. The main aim of this study was to explore which factors might facilitate the designing of more-targeted extension and advisory services (eas) that can reduce technical inefficiencies, increase farmers’ knowledge about new agricultural technologies and stimulate their intention to use them.1 Mixed research methods, i.e. surveys, key informant interviews and focus group discussions, were used to collect data. Multivariate analysis, structural equation modelling and non-parametric efficiency analysis techniques were the major data analysis methods used to achieve the objectives of this study. The results reveal that Ugandan dairy farmers operate within various production systems, and that they have a low rate of adoption of information and communication technology (ict) in agriculture and a high level of technical inefficiencies. Although targeted eas could result in considerable improvement in their productivity, it should be noted that farmer classification and eas targeting should not be a one-off activity.
Recent extreme cold waves are likely not to happen again this century
Authors: Ribes Aurélien , Robin Yoann , Tessiot Octave , Cattiaux Julien
Published: January 2025

As the climate warms, cold waves are expected to become less intense and less frequent. Is there still a risk of reliving events comparable to the most intense cold spells we can remember? We analyze four remarkable cold spells that have occurred since 2010 in different regions: Western Europe, Texas, China, Brazil. We show that all these recent events have a moderate to high probability of not happening again by 2100 – typically 50% to 90% in an intermediate emissions scenario, depending on the event. The probabilities are even higher for iconic events of the 20th century or earlier. Our results suggest that the most intense cold snaps, and their associated icy landscapes in mid-latitude regions, are disappearing or have already disappeared due to anthropogenic climate change.
Rapid-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Difference Spectroscopy with Two-Dimensional Correlation Analysis to Show the Build-Up of Light-Adapted States in Bacterial Photosynthetic Reaction Centers
Authors: Mezzetti Alberto , Malferrari Marco , Venturoli Giovanni , Francia Francesco , Leibl Winfried , Noda Isao
Published: January 2025

Time-resolved, rapid-scan Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) difference spectra have been recorded upon illumination on photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides under fixed hydration conditions (relative humidity = 76%). Two different illumination schemes were adopted. Whereas the use of a laser flash (duration: 7 ns) made it possible to follow the kinetics of recombination of the light-induced state P+QA– to the neutral state PQA, the use of a 20.5 s continuous light from a lamp made it possible to follow both the build-up of a steady-state P+QA– population and its decay to PQA. Comparison between P+QA–/PQA FT-IR difference spectra obtained under (or 650 ms after) continuous illumination and obtained after one laser flash show small but meaningful differences, reflecting structural changes in the light-adapted state produced by the 20.5 s period of illumination. These differences are strikingly similar to those observed when comparing FT-IR difference spectra reflecting charge separation in photosystem II in light-adapted states and non-light-adapted states (c.f. Sipka et al., “Light-Adapted Charge-Separated State of Photosystem II: Structural and Functional Dynamics of the Closed Reaction Center”. Plant Cell. 2021. 33(4): 1286–1302). Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy analysis revealed that in all the observed series of time-resolved FT-IR difference spectra (under illumination, after illumination, and after a laser flash), marker bands at 1749, 1716, and 1668 cm–1 all evolve synchronously, demonstrating that electron transfer reactions and protein backbone response (at least the one reflected by the 1668 cm–1 band) are strongly correlated. Conversely, for spectra under and after continuous illumination, many asynchronicities are observed for (still unassigned) bands throughout the whole 1740–1200 cm–1 region, reflecting a more complicated molecular scenario in the RC upon build-up of the light-adapted state and during its relaxation to the resting neutral state.
Annotazioni sulla raccolta di poesie Dentro la sostanza di Nelo Risi
Authors: Castagna Francesco
Published: January 2025

La poesia di Nelo Risi, sebbene inclusa in opere critiche antologiche di riconosciuto valore, è stata oggetto di un esiguo numero di studi specifici. Questo saggio, caratterizzato da numerosi rimandi testuali, seleziona come caso di studio la raccolta di poesie Dentro la sostanza, pubblicata dalla casa editrice Mondadori nel 1965. L'analisi esamina singolarmente ciascuna sezione della raccolta, mettendo in luce una poesia dai marcati tratti civili, che diventa, in alcune liriche, poesia-azione: il poeta, lontano dallo stereotipo dell’ammalato, inetto e polveroso, appare in Dentro la sostanza come energico e vigoroso, capace di agire nel mondo tramite la poesia. La parola poetica di questa silloge, in contrasto con la tradizione simbolista ed ermetica, pur mantenendo il suo carattere di eccezione alla norma, trova origine e compimento nella realtà: per Risi, la poesia è “atto politico” ed è “fatta da un uomo pubblico in un tempo reale”.
Sociocultural Integration of Smaller Tribal Communities in a Multi-Ethnic Society: The Case of Hrangkhawls in Tripura
Authors: Malsom Thomas , Panda B.
Published: January 2025

While the process of integration allows diversity, forced assimilation encourages homogenisation as the inherent distinctiveness gets subsumed under the dominant cultural system. Despite various constitutional policies, provisions, developmental approaches and strategies adopted to protect, preserve and promote the culture and ethnic identity of the tribes in North-East India, there have been instances of forced assimilation. It is the larger group that strongly influences the numerically smaller tribal communities which subsequently leads to the process of ethnocide. Drawing insights from the literature on ethnocide, the article examines the cultural marginalisation, forced assimilation and cultural homogenising process that has taken place among the Hrangkhawls of Tripura. The article argues that the modern development approaches, heterogenous cultural blindness and forced assimilation have compelled the numerically smaller tribal communities like Hrangkhawls towards cultural marginalisation and ethnic identity distortion in the multi-ethnic state of Tripura.