bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La version franco-canadienne du « STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology » (STROBE) Statement : L’outil STROBE
Authors: Brosseau Lucie , Guitard Paulette , Laroche Chantal , King Judy , Barette Julie Alexandra , Cardinal Dominique , Cavallo Sabrina , Laferrière Lucie , Lortie-Latreille Christina , Thibault Jérémie ,   Comité d’experts pour la rédaction de la première version expérimentale de l’outil STROBE, Sutton Ann , Galipeau Roseline , Tourigny Jocelyne , Toupin-April Karine , Loew Laurianne , Demers Catrine , Sauvé-Schenk Katrine ,   Comité d’experts pour l’évaluation de la deuxième version expérimentale de l’outil STROBE, Paquet Nicole , Savard Jacinthe , Lagacé Josée , Pharand Denyse , Vaillancourt Véronique
Published: January 2019

Objectif : l’objectif primaire est de produire une traduction franco-canadienne du « STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology » (STROBE) Statement sous l’appellation proposée de l’outil STROBE et d’examiner sa validité transculturelle de contenu. L’objectif secondaire est d’examiner sa fidélité interjuges préliminaire. Méthodologie : l’utilisation d’une approche modifiée de la méthodologie de validation transculturelle de Vallerand fut adoptée. Une traduction renversée parallèle du « STROBE Statement » a d’abord été effectuée à la fois par des professionnels et des cliniciens. Ensuite, un premier comité d’experts (P1) a examiné les versions traduites et a créé l’ébauche expérimentale préliminaire de l’outil STROBE. Celle-ci a été évaluée et modifiée par un deuxième comité d’experts (P2). Finalement, 32 futurs professionnels à la maîtrise en physiothérapie et en ergothérapie ont évalué cette deuxième version expérimentale de l’outil à l’aide d’une échelle d’ambiguïté de 8 points (0 signifiant « aucunement ambigu » et 7 signifiant « extrêmement ambigu »). Les co-chercheurs principaux ont examiné les éléments problématiques et ont proposé les modifications finales. Dix études observationnelles publiées en français après 1980 ont été évaluées par deux juges indépendants à l’aide de la version franco-canadienne de l’outil STROBE. Le coefficient kappa a été utilisé afin d’examiner la fidélité interjuges. Résultats : pour les différents éléments de la version finale de l’outil STROBE, les moyennes sur l’échelle d’ambiguïté varient entre 0,0 et 2,4. Aucun élément n’a obtenu une moyenne en deçà de 2,4 démontrant ainsi un niveau élevé de clarté. La fidélité interjuges ( n = 2) pour l’outil STROBE est considérée comme bonne pour 74 % des éléments individuels selon les valeurs du coefficient kappa obtenues. Conclusion : les cinq étapes rigoureuses du processus ont permis de produire une version franco-canadienne valide de l’outil STROBE.
Effect of Early Mobility as a Physiotherapy Treatment for Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Larsen Tania , Lee Annemarie , Brooks Dina , Michieli Stephanie , Robson Meaghan , Veens Jenna , Vokes Olivia , Lucy S. Deborah
Published: January 2019

Purpose: We conducted a systematic review of the effect of early mobility on length of stay (LOS), mortality, and clinical outcomes as a treatment for adults hospitalized with pneumonia. Method: An electronic search of four databases was conducted. Inclusion criteria were (1) acute medical condition of pneumonia in adults and (2) early mobility intervention. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Four studies (three randomized controlled trials and one retrospective cohort study) met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated that early mobility did not reduce the risk of mortality compared with usual care (risk ratio 0.9 [95% CI: 0.27, 2.97]; p = 0.86) but did reduce the mean LOS (–1.1 days [95% CI: 2.21, –0.04]; p = 0.04). Early mobility also did not affect the rate of hospital readmissions or emergency department visits. One study demonstrated an improvement in functional exercise capacity and quality of life related to physical function and faster completion of a measure of activities of daily living. Conclusions: Early mobility reduced LOS in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, although there was no effect on mortality or rate of hospital readmissions. Further research is needed to determine the effect of early mobility in this population and establish guidelines.
Measurement Properties of the Return-to-Work Self-Efficacy Scale in Workers with Shoulder Injuries
Authors: Razmjou Helen , Edmonds Cathryn , Lin Tukata , Davies Rachel , Chau Stefanie
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the measurement properties of the Return-To-Work Self-Efficacy (RTWSE) scale in injured Canadian workers. Method: We assessed internal consistency, construct-convergent, and known-groups validity of the RTWSE scale’s total score and the pain management and re-injury self-efficacy (PRSE), supervisor support self-efficacy (SSE), and coworkers support self-efficacy (CWSE) domains in workers who had participated in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program. Disability was measured by using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scale. Spearman’s ρ, odds ratios, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to examine the strength of the associations. Results: The data of 57 injured workers (43 men [75%], mean age 52 [11] y) were used for analysis. Internal consistency of the domains was satisfactory, with Cronbach’s αs of 0.81, 0.87, and 0.92 for the CWSE, PRSE, and SSE, respectively. The PRSE domain correlated with the DASH ( r = 0.39) and relevant domains of the RTWSE scale ( rs = 0.47–0.78). The PRSE was able to differentiate between working and non-working people (AUC = 0.72). Satisfaction with the actual support received at work and overall job satisfaction correlated significantly with the total score and CWSE and SSE domains (AUCs ≥ 0.70). Conclusions: The RTWSE showed satisfactory internal consistency and construct convergent and known-groups validity in workers with shoulder injuries.
Komunikasi Sastra pada Puisi Selamat Tahun Baru Kawan Karya Mustofa Bisri
Authors: Mustaqim Andika Hendra
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang komunikasi sastra pada puisi Selamat Tahun Baru Kawan karya KH Mustofa Bisri (Gus Mus) dengan fokus membongkar sistem bahasa dan sistem sosio-budaya. Pendekaan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan menggunakan metode analisis isi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dimulai dari menyusun ringkasan abstraksi berupa korpus, eksplikasi, dan penataan struktur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem bahasa pada puisi karya Gus Mus tersebut memunculkan makna yang bisa ditarik dari segi denotatif dan konotatif. Kemudian, permainan diksi juga dimainkan Gus Mus. Pemilihan diksi menunjukkan representasi tertentu. Selanjutnya, permainan rima dan irama juga menjadi aspek penting pada puisi Gus Mus. Dalam sistem sosial-budaya, pada puisi Gus Mus fokus membahas urusan keyakinan yang menjadi identitas pada banyak puisinya. Dia menyindir cara berkeyakinan banyak umat Islam terutama di Indonesia yang mengabaikan esensi dan cenderung lebih menunjukkan citra saja. Selain itu, unsur sosio-budaya yang muncul adalah sentimen yang bisa parameter stabilitas sosial, dan  tujuan yang menjadi arah pergerakan masyarakat. Tidak ketinggalan adalah kekuasaan yang penentu dan dominasi pada masyarakat, dan ketegangan juga bermain dengan penuturan yang paradoks.
Analisis Kesalahan Struktur Kalimat pada Tes Keterampilan Menulis dalam Diklat HSK 3 (汉语水平考试) Guru Bahasa Mandarin SMA/SMK di PPPPTK Boe Malang
Authors: Puspitaningsih Lestari
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan struktur kalimat pada tes keterampilan menulis yang dibuat oleh peserta diklat HSK 3 guru bahasa Mandarin SMA/SMK yang diselenggarakan di PPPPTK BOE Malang. Dalam Linguistik, berdasarkan J. Richard et al, (2002), kesalahan dapat berupakan kata, tindak tutur atau struktur gramatikal yang tidak tepat disebabkan oleh penguasaan yang tidak utuh terhadap bahasa tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan taksonomi komparatif yaitu menganalisis hasil tes keterampilan menulis peserta diklat yang terdapat pada HSK 3 yang disebabkan oleh kesalahan interlingual atau kesalahan interferensi, yakni kesalahan yang bersumber (akibat) dari pengaruh bahasa pertama (B1) terhadap bahasa kedua (B2) dan kesalahan intralingual yaitu kesalahan berbahasa yang disebabkan kurangnya penguasaan terhadap bahasa kedua (B2). Hasil anaslisis menunjukan bahwa terdapat lima kalimat dimana sebanyak  lebih dari 85% responden melakukan kesalahan yang disebabkan adanya kerancuan dengan struktur dalam bahasa Indonesia. Analisis kesalahan ini dilakukan tidak hanya untuk mengidikasi penyebab, namun juga sebagai kajian untuk menerapakan metode yang sesuai dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin.
Harmonic analysis of a wind energy conversion system with small-scale wind turbine
Authors: EFE Serhat Berat , KOCAMAN Behçet
Published: January 2019

Small-scale wind turbines, which have nominal power capacity less than 50 kW, are generally used in residential and agricultural applications. These turbines are simple-constructed structures, so they are not fully equipped with power quality controllers as bigger ones. Therefore, wind speed and direction affect output voltage and thus battery charging performance directly. It is necessary to determine the generating characteristics of these types of turbines in detail for appropriate output. According to this necessity, in this study, output voltage of an actual horizontal axis wind turbine is analyzed by using the measured data. Harmonic distortion levels for various frequencies are determined from such values. These results are discussed and possible solutions are offered for a quality energy generation.
PANORAMA DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA ACERCA DA NOÇÃO DE RELAÇÃO AO SABER (RAPPORT AU SAVOIR) NO PERÍODO DE 2015 A 2018
Authors: Dos Anjos Bastos Andreia , Dilson Beserra Cavalcanti José
Published: January 2019

No presente artigo apresentamos um esboço do panorama das diversas produções – teses, dissertações, artigos publicados em periódicos e comunicações científicas publicadas em anais de eventos – que fazem menção direta em seu título à noção de relação ao saber, no período de 2015 a 2018. A natureza da pesquisa foi exploratória e a metodologia se norteou pelo mapeamento em pesquisa educacional. No período analisado, foi possível inventariar um conjunto de 91 referências bibliográficas constituído por (08) teses, 16 dissertações, 33 artigos e 34 comunicações científicas. Identificamos que a Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco e a Universidade Federal de Sergipe foram, respectivamente, as instituições com maior número de teses e dissertações defendidas. Verificamos também que os principais veículos de difusão da noção de relação ao saber foram as revistas Investigações em Ensino de Ciências e Ciência & Educação e o Colóquio Internacional Educação e Contemporaneidade-EDUCON.
Editor's Note
Authors: Hall Susanne
Published: January 2019

Authors in issue 3.1 of *Prompt* present ideas for teaching proof writing in math, examining scholarly writing in the classroom, and reinvigorating approaches to teaching professional writing genres.
Cross-disciplinary Concision and Clarity: Writing Social Science Abstracts in the Humanities
Authors: Troutman Phillip
Published: January 2019

This article details an assignment sequence asking students to apply an adaptation of Swales and Feak's (2009) model of social sciences abstract writing to articles in the humanities. This model works as an exploded diagram of the article, explicitly identifying research questions, data, methods, results, interpretations, and implications. The assignment provides students, first, with a reading tool for exposing the articulated construction of academic research articles. Second, as a writing tool, it allows students to practice comprehensive synthesis; the breakdown of multi-part claims; concision and clarity; and selective quotation. Finally, it facilitates the next step in students' research process: framing new inquiry by identifying uses and limitations in prior scholarship. This assignment sequence has been used in first-year composition and upper-division WID/WAC courses in the humanities; it can be adapted for courses in social and natural sciences and for graduate courses.
Introducing Undergraduate Students to Nonlinear Dynamics through A Numerical Approach
Authors: Nugroho Fahrudin , Azhari Irfan Taufiq , Yusuf Yusril , Nurwantoro Pekik
Published: January 2019

This paper describes a numerical method that used to solve the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation. The methods are an exponential time differencing method and a spectral method. The result indicates that at a certain parameter, fluctuation of wave function has contained chaotic dynamics. This case is expected to be used as an example for introducing numerical methods to undergraduate students on nonlinear dynamics. This introduction is deemed necessary, referring to the curriculum and syllabus used in several educational institutions in various countries that have included the topic of nonlinearity.
Current Research, Challenges, and Perspectives of Biotechnology: An Overview
Authors: Nguyen Bach Duc , Ly Bich Thuy Thi
Published: January 2019

Biotechnology is defined as biology-based technology using organisms or their parts to make or modify products or to improve characteristics of plants, animals, and microorganisms for the demands of human beings. Biotechnology profoundly impacts various fields such as agriculture, animal husbandry and veterinary, industry, food science, pharmaceutics and medicine, environment, fine chemistry, biofuels, forensics, and nanotechnology. Nowadays, biotechnology and bioindustries are becoming integral parts of the knowledge-based economy, and therefore, biotechnology has become a powerful and indispensable tool for the development of all countries in the world. As a rule, biotechnology also requires regulatory policies to control genetically modified organisms and derived products to avoid risks to biodiversity, human health, the environment, and ethical issues. This article reviews the current research, challenges, and perspectives of biotechnology as an integration of both life sciences and applied sciences.
DINAMIKA KEKERASAN DAN PENDEKATAN HUMANIS DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Sidqi Kholfan Zubair Taqo
Published: January 2019

Kekerasan yang semakin marak   tidak hanya terjadi di jalanan saja. Ternyata di sekolahpun dilanda hal serupa. Bukan perkara baru jika murid mengalami kekerasan dari oknum di sekolah, atau sesama murid. Bahkan ada pula orangtua yang berduel dengan guru karena persepsi yang mereka miliki. Meskipun tidak separah dengan kekerasan di jalanan, namun kekerasan di sekolah efeknya bisa berdampak  bagi psikhis anak didik. Trauma, stress, hingga depresi dapat mereka alami. Kebimbangan,  Kejenuhan, serta ketakutan, menjadi  bayang - bayang yang tak berkesudahan. Selanjutnya pendekatan humanis ini sebagai upaya  agar kekerasan bisa dicegah. Minimal dapat dikurangi. Pendekatan dengan cara memanusiakan manusia, karena secara kodrati mereka diberi keunikan serta kemampuan yang beragam oleh Tuhan. Pendekatan humanis cenderung menggugah kepekaan sekolah, guru, murid, orangtua, masyarakat agar mampu membangun empati dan simpati atas keunikan dan kemampuan setiap manusia yang berbeda.  Pendekatan humanis menjadi bagian dari aktivitas pendidikan mampu mengaktualisasikan ajaran agama (Islam) yang rahmatal lil ‘alamiin bagi semua makhluk. Sehingga dapat menumbuhkan perilaku menghargai, menghormati, menerima, orang lain secara optimal. Tujuan akhir dimaksudkan untuk mengabdikan diri kepada Tuhan, berguna untuk sesama, mampu memberi kemaslahan individu serta sosial secara harmonis dan seimbang.Kata kunci : kekerasan, humanis, dan sekolah
Inculturation: movement to national churches or clericalization of national cultures
Authors: Yarotskiy Petro
Published: January 2019

Until recently, the church and culture in the confessional sense could not be equal and equal in size. The partnership of dichotomy church-culture was denied both first and second. The historic church tried to stand over culture, and culture tried to distance itself from the church. The idea of ​​culture was associated with church only with religious culture, which was defined as social reproductive or creative activity of people in the sphere of being and consciousness, which was associated with belief in supernatural. Religious culture has always been denominationally differentiated and expressed the historically reached level of development of religious movements (say: a sect-denomination-church, or a religious community - an institutionalized church institution). Religious culture was distinguished by its features as material (it was based on the religious cult), and the spiritual one (the system of samples, norms of behavior and religious knowledge systematically implanted, fixed by a certain church, as well as the level of mastery by followers of this doctrine).
Ethnic Confessional Specificity of Religiousness in Ukraine
Authors: Sagan Oleksandr N.
Published: January 2019

In interpreting the concept of ethnoconfessional specificity of culture, we first of all mean that this is a special form of culture of ethnically related groups of people who have their own special, religiously decorated lifestyle and ethnic identity of which is denominational oriented. This ethno-confessional community acquires, in certain socio-historical conditions, the function of a ethnic representative
Pattern Recognition Using Image Processing
Authors: J Gayathri , S Ramya
Published: January 2019

Paddy cultivation plays an important role in agriculture. But the growth of crop is affected by various diseases. If detection of disease is not properly done at earlier stage, then it may result in decrease of paddy production. India is agriculture based country and it provides employment to peoples in rural areas.. The agricultural sector plays major role in development of our economy by providing employment for rural peoples. Paddy is the staple food of Indians and hence it is considered as nation’s important product. Crop management is followed to protect paddy plants from fungal and bacterial diseases. The main goal is to develop an image processing system to identify and classify the various diseases affecting the growth of paddy plants. The work is divided into two parts paddy crop disease detection and recognition of paddy crop diseases. Disease detection technique is used to detect the disease affected portion in the paddy plant. The techniques used to detect diseased portions of paddy crop are Boundary localization and Haar-like features methods and neural network is employed based on diseases classification.
Truncated Spline Regression to Estimate Regression Curve of Strontium Titanate XRD Data
Authors: A Bramadita , Wigena Aji Hamim , Aidi Muhammad Nur
Published: January 2019

Characterization of ferroelectric material using X-Ray Diffraction tools (XRD) resulted in 2θ degree and intensity of diffraction data. The result of XRD characterization showed that the relationship between 2θ degree and diffraction intensity formed spectrum pattern; fluctuation of diffraction intensity value along with the increasing of 2θ degree. The high fluctuation of diffraction intensity value affected the inconsistency of mean and variance value. Thus the model used to estimate curve shape could not be analysed by parametric method which is strict with assumptions. Spline regression is a polynomial model with segmented character that has high flexibility to generate regression curve estimation through data fitting method. This research used the truncated spline regression model to estimate regression curve of Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) and SrTiO3 doping with 2 % of RuO2 (SrTiO3+RuO2) XRD data. The best truncated spline regression model to estimate regression curve of SrTiO3 was model with 42 knots. This model has the smallest Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) value and the biggest R2, that is 13403.33 and 0.6503 respectively. Meanwhile, the best truncated spline regression model to estimate regression curve of SrTiO3 RuO2 was model with 37 knots. This model has the AIC value of 13953.68 and R2 of 0.6302.
On the Stress State of the Semi-Strip with a Longitudinal Crack
Authors: Vaysfeld Natalya , Zhuravlova Zinaida
Published: January 2019

The stress state of the elastic semi-strip is investigated in the paper. The lateral sides of the semi-strip are fixed and the semi-strip’s short edge is under the mechanical load. The longitudinal crack is located inside the semi-strip. The problem is reduced to the one-dimensional problem with the help of Fourier sin-, cos- transformation, which was applied directly to the Lame’s equilibrium equations and the boundary conditions. The one-dimensional problem is formulated is a vector form. Its solution is constructed with the help of the matrix differential calculation and the Green matrix-function, which was constructed in the bilinear form. The solution of the problem is reduced to the solving of three singular integral equations. The first equation in this system contains two fixed singularities in its kernel. To consider them the corresponding transcendental equation is constructed, and its roots are found. The special generalized method is applied to solve the system of singular integral equations. The stress intensity factors are calculated.
Modelling and Analysis of CdS/CZTSSe Based Thin Film Solar Cell
Authors: Hasan M. Mehedi , Chowdhury M. Iqbal Bahar
Published: January 2019

Solar cells with a High efficiency and desire characteristics are modelled by considering the characteristics of the materials. An earth-abundant material Cu2ZnSn2(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe) could be a wise choice for the solar cell material with a band gap of 1.24ev. In this paper, we made a model and try to represent an analysis of effect on J-V characteristics and quantum efficiency of CdS/CZTSSe based solar cell during varying material and optical properties includes emitter width, carrier life time and resistances. From this model we can easily understand the effect of material and optical properties and graphical analysis of proposed solar cell.
Análise bibliométrica da Revista Controle - doutrina e artigos: período 2005 a 2016
Authors: Santos Josimar Batista dos , Cavalcante Maria Amélia Holanda
Published: January 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma análise bibliométrica da Revista Controle, utilizando-se da lei bibliométrica de Zipf para a mensuração, bem como contribuir para a melhoria do periódico. Porquanto, a questão norteadora desta pesquisa foi investigar quais os parâmetros de publicação científica da Revista Controle – Doutrina e Artigos, através da análise bibliométrica. Para tanto, utilizou-se da estatística descritiva, com a representação dos dados em tabelas, por meio de indicadores selecionados, com método dedutivo, por meio de uma abordagem qualiquantitativa e com o procedimento bibliográfico. Por fim, constatou-se que a Revista Controle teve uma evolução significativa, à luz dos parâmetros analisados.
Festival Concreto: grafite e mediação cultural em Fortaleza
Authors: Da Silva Amanda Alcântara , Nunes Jefferson Veras , Silva Antônio Wagner Chacon
Published: January 2019

Trata sobre os grafites do Festival Concreto como agentes de ressignificação urbana e instrumento de mediação cultural. Apresenta um panorama histórico, bem como as características e suportes do grafite. Discute a forma como os grafites do Festival Concreto têm sido utilizados como embelezadores do espaço urbano e instrumento de mediação cultural e informacional. Para isto foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se como método a iconologia com o objetivo de estudar o grafite como informação estética e canal de comunicação. Foram analisados grafites produzidos durante edições do Festival Concreto. Concluiu-se que os grafites idealizados pelo Festival não perderam o seu caráter artístico, que traz beleza e cor para a cidade, no entanto, mais do que isso, são utilizados como canal de comunicação e instrumento de mediação cultural entre homem e cidade.
ADRIANA BOGLIOLO SIRIHAL DUARTE
Authors: Nunes Jefferson Veras , Carvalho Rafaela Pereira de , Lima Juliana Soares
Published: January 2019

Homenagem póstuma à Professora Dra. Adriana Bogliolo Sirihal Duarte, por sua representatividade, pela grande contribuição e legado deixados para a área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação.
Method of Mufti MD Shafi in his Tafsir 'Ma Areful Quran'
Authors: Hossain Ali
Published: January 2019

IIUC STUDIES Vol. - 4, December 2007 (p 197-208)
Braided Hochschild cohomology and Hopf actions
Authors: Negron Cris
Published: January 2019

We showt hat the braided Hochschild cohomology, of an algebra in a suitably algebraic braided monoidal category, admits a graded ring structure under which it is braided commutative. We then give a canonical identification between the usual Hochschild cohomology ring of a smash product and the (derived) invariants of its braided Hochschild cohomology ring. We apply our results to identify the associative formal deformation theory of a smash product with its formal deformation theory as a module algebra over the given Hopf algebra (when the Hopf algebra is sufficiently semisimple). As a second application we deduce some structural results for the usual Hochschild cohomology of a smash product, and discuss specific implications for finite group actions on smooth affine schemes.
Social Work Education in Ethiopia: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Kebede Wassie
Published: January 2019

The study presents the history and current status of social work education in Ethiopia. Five heads of social work schools, eight social work educators and 35 social work professionals participated in the study. Data from participants were gathered through online survey. Qualitative tools were designed for each group and distributed by email. In addition, review of literature was made to generate data about history of social work in Ethiopia. Results of the study revealed that social work education was closed for 30 years [1974-2004]. In less than two decades since its re-birth in 2004, social work education is expanded to 13 universities. The study further revealed that social work education in Ethiopia experiences various challenges related to poor curricula contents, limited number of social work educators, and absence of coordination to regulate the quality of education and practice. The study suggests the need for immediate revision of curricula and creating harmonized and modularized curriculum. The study also suggests to establish a national social work council and professional association to regulate the quality of social work education and practice.
A Novel Isothermal Amplification Method for Detecting Mouse Source Component in Meat
Authors: Li Xinnan , Gao Xueqin , Guan Yifu
Published: January 2019

Background: The problem of adulterated meat has become one of the greatest food safety issues in the world. It is reported that the meat used for adulteration includes fox meat, raccoon meat, mink meat, mouse meat, and so on. Although this kind of meat is edible in some areas, such meat is potentially harmful to human health because it is easy to carry bacteria, viruses, and harmful substances. The harm of mouse meat is most frightening. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a fast, accurate, and simple method to effectively identify mouse meat. Methods: In the present study, a new method of isothermal amplification based on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of the mitochondrial DNA of the mouse was developed. The method is meant to improve the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), separating the forward inner primers and backward inner primers, greatly reducing the nonspecific amplification of the method. Results: We have successfully obtained a set of best primers. The developed system allowed for the detection of 0.5% mouse meat from meat mixture effectively and specifically. The best ratio of the primers (F3: F2: F1: RF) was 1:2:2:8, and the optimum concentration of DNA template was 0.35 ng/μL. Conclusions: The assay has great specificity and sensitivity for detecting mouse meat and could provide specific positive results within 1 h. Highlights: We found a new approach of isothermal amplification to detect mouse source components. The LOD is determined to be 0.5 mg/mg. This new method is easy to perform and is able to provide rapid results in the specific detection of mouse meat sources.
A Dilute-and-Shoot Based UPLC-MS/MS Method for Multimycotoxins Analysis in Astragali radix
Authors: Li Yang-Fan , Du Yi , Zhao Jing-jie , Li Li , Lin Hai
Published: January 2019

Background: Astragali radix is prone to be contaminated by various mycotoxins, leading to unpredictable threats on the quality and safety of Astragali radix and the health of the consumers. Therefore, the determination of multimycotoxins is imperative. Objective: To develop an efficient, sensitive, fast, and multianalyte method for detecting multimycotoxins in Astragali radix. Methods: A selective dilute-and-shoot pretreatment procedure based ultra-performance LC–tandem MS (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for sensitive determination of multimycotoxins in Astragali radix, including aflatoxin (AF) B1, B2, G1, G2, and ochratoxin A. The five mycotoxins were extracted by the dilute-and-shoot pretreatment procedure followed by UPLC-MS/MS detection. Types of sample extraction solvent, mobile-phase compositions and MS/MS parameters, and dilute-and-shoot conditions were optimized. Results: The optimized chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions allowed the separation and detection of the five mycotoxins within 5 min. The validated UPLC-MS/MS method exhibited good sensitivity with LOD and LOQ lower than 0.2 and 0.5 μg/kg, respectively. RSD values for method precision were lower than 9%. Recoveries obtained were between 90.87 and 108.44% for all the analytes with RSDs of 3.96–8.03%. The developed method was applied for the detection of the 5 mycotoxins in 18 batches of Astragali radix with good determination performance and no matrix interferences. Two samples collected from Shanxi province and Neimenggu Autonomous Region in China were positive for AFB1 at 3.24 and 2.69 μg/kg, respectively. Conclusions: The dilute-and-shoot procedure allowed for the extraction of the mycotoxins with advantages of simple pretreatment, small extraction time, high selectivity and accuracy, as well as being cost effective and easy to operate without any clean-up steps. Highlights: This is the first report on dilute-and-shoot approach for mycotoxins extraction and detection in Chinese medicinal material matrixes.
Layered patterns in nature, medicine and materials: quantification of anisotropic structures and cyclisity
Authors: Smolyar Igor , Bromage Timothy , Wikelski Martin
Published: January 2019

Various natural patterns—such as terrestrial sand dune ripples, lamellae in vertebrate bones, growth increments in fish scales and corals, aorta and lamellar corpuscle of humans and animals—comprise layers of different thicknesses and lengths. Microstructures in manmade materials—such as alloys, perlite steels, polymers, ceramics, and ripples induced by laser on the surface of graphen—also exhibit layered structures. These layered patterns form a record of internal and external factors regulating pattern formation in their various systems, making it potentially possible to recognize and identify in their incremental sequences trends, periodicities, and events in the formation history of these systems. The morphology of layered systems plays a vital role in developing new materials and in biomimetic research. The structures and sizes of these two-dimensional (2-D) patterns are characteristically anisotropic: That is, the number of layers and their absolute thicknesses vary significantly in different directions. The present work develops a method to quantify the morphological characteristics of layered patterns that accounts for anisotropy in the object of study. To reach this goal, we use Boolean functions and an N-partite graph to formalize layer structure and thickness across a 2-D plane and to construct charts of 1) “layer thickness vs. layer number” and 2) “layer area vs. layer number.” We present a parameter for structural disorder in a layered pattern (DStr) to describe the deviation of a study object’s anisotropic structure from an isotropic analog and illustrate that charts and DStr could be used as local and global morphological characteristics describing various layered systems such as images of, for example, geological, atmospheric, medical, materials, forensic, plants, and animals. Suggested future experiments could lead to new insights into layered pattern formation.
Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Triperyleno[3.3.3]Propellanes: Towards Two‐Dimensional Electronic Structures
Authors: Kodama Takuya , Miyazaki Shogo , Kubo Takashi
Published: January 2019

Threefold symmetric triperyleno[3.3.3]propellanes (TPRPs), which are composed of three perylene units peri‐fused on [3.3.3]proppellane, have been synthesized and their electronic properties characterized. Unsubstituted TPRP assembles into two‐dimensional honeycomb‐like networks. TPRP displays a bathochromic‐shifted absorption band in its absorption spectrum and shows well‐separated one‐electron redox waves in a cyclic voltammogram, due to a homoconjugative interaction between perylene moieties. A radical cation species of tert‐butyl substituted TPRP shows spin delocalization over the whole of the molecule, which is derived from effective overlap of HOMOs among three perylene moieties.
Synthesis of Dihydroisobenzofuran Carboxaldehyde Derivatives by a Silver‐Catalyzed Sequential Protodesilylation/Cyclization/Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Hamal Khagendra B. , Sitaula Paban , Chalifoux Wesley A.
Published: January 2019

A new synthetic methodology has been developed for the synthesis of dihydroisobenzofuran carboxaldehyde derivatives. The reaction proceeds by a silver‐catalyzed protodesilylation/5‐exo‐dig cyclization/oxidation reaction to provide a broad scope of products with yields ranging from 55–91 %. Control experiments show that protodesilylation precedes the 5‐exo‐dig cyclization step in the catalytic cycle. The synthetic utility of these highly functionalized products was showcased through a number of chemoselective chemical transformations.
A polymer/detergent formulation improves dsRNA penetration through the body wall and RNAi‐induced mortality in the soybean aphid Aphis glycines
Authors: Zheng Yang , Hu Yiseng , Yan Shuo , Zhou Hang , Song Dunlun , Yin Meizhen , Shen Jie
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

It is difficult to efficiently silence gene expression in some insects, probably because of the degradation of dsRNA by enzymes present in the gut and hemolymph post‐oral feeding or body injecting of dsRNA. We previously developed a nanocarrier delivery system that can systemically deliver dsRNA into chewing mouthpart insects by oral feeding and efficiently silence gene expression. For the purpose of pest control in the field, there is a great demand to develop a spray method to apply dsRNA formulation.

RESULTS

A formulation of the nanocarrier/dsRNA/detergent was developed and could be easily applied just by dropping it on the notum of the aphid. The formulation penetrated the body wall into the hemocoel and then spread into various tissues within 1 h. The delivered dsRNA efficiently silenced the target gene expression at a high knockdown effect (95.4%) and the aphid population was largely suppressed (80.5%).

CONCLUSION

A novel dsRNA formulation was developed with the help of a nanocarrier and detergent that can quickly penetrate the insect body wall and efficiently silence gene expression. The formulation may provide a fast and easy tool for gene silence in some tough insects and for pest control in the field. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Aktuelle Forschung und Verwendbarkeit von reaktiven Brandschutzsystemen im Stahlbau
Authors: Schaumann Peter , Weisheim Waldemar
Published: January 2019

Reaktive Brandschutzsysteme finden im architektonischen Stahlbau eine stetig zunehmende Anwendung. Im Bestreben nach schlanken und architektonisch ansprechenden Konstruktionen weisen reaktive Brandschutzsysteme gegenüber anderen Brandschutzprodukten deutliche Vorteile auf. Durch ihre geringen Trockenschichtdicken erhalten die Brandschutzsysteme auf der einen Seite das filigrane Erscheinungsbild einer Stahlkonstruktion aufrecht. Auf der anderen Seite stellen sie gleichzeitig den geforderten Brandschutz sicher. Während noch vor einigen Jahren die Anwendung der Brandschutzsysteme ausschließlich auf druck‐ und biegebeanspruchten Bauteilen erfolgte, haben nationale Forschungsarbeiten zu einer Erweiterung des Anwendungsbereichs auch für Zugglieder geführt. Da die Verwendbarkeit der reaktiven Brandschutzsysteme derzeit in Deutschland durch nationale Zulassungen und europäische Bewertungen geregelt ist, stehen den Herstellern unterschiedliche Optionen für das Inverkehrbringen ihrer Produkte auf dem deutschen und europäischen Markt zur Verfügung. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Unterschiede der beiden Möglichkeiten des Inverkehrbringens der Produkte aufgezeigt und eine Übersicht über Forschungsarbeiten gegeben, die aktuell am Institut für Stahlbau der Leibniz Universität Hannover zur Leistungsfähigkeit von reaktiven Brandschutzsystemen bei Naturbränden durchgeführt werden. Die Forschungsergebnisse sind Teil des IGF‐Forschungsvorhabens 19176 N der Forschungsvereinigung Deutscher Ausschuss für Stahlbau e.V. (DASt).
Differential equations from unitarity cuts: nonplanar hexa-box integrals
Authors: Abreu Samuel , Page Ben , Zeng Mao
Published: January 2019

Abstract

We compute ϵ-factorized differential equations for all dimensionally-regularized integrals of the nonplanar hexa-box topology, which contribute for instance to 2-loop 5-point QCD amplitudes. A full set of pure integrals is presented. For 5-point planar topologies, Gram determinants which vanish in 4 dimensions are used to build compact expressions for pure integrals. Using unitarity cuts and computational algebraic geometry, we obtain a compact IBP system which can be solved in 8 hours on a single CPU core, overcoming a major bottleneck for deriving the differential equations. Alternatively, assuming prior knowledge of the alphabet of the nonplanar hexa-box, we reconstruct analytic differential equations from 30 numerical phase-space points, making the computation almost trivial with current techniques. We solve the differential equations to obtain the values of the master integrals at the symbol level. Full results for the differential equations and solutions are included as supplementary material.
Magnetotransport of Weyl semimetals with ℤ2 topological charge and chiral anomaly
Authors: Rogatko Marek , Wysokinski Karol I.
Published: January 2019

Abstract

We calculate the magnetoconductivity of the Weyl semimetal with ℤ2 topological charge and chiral anomaly utilizing the recently developed hydrodynamic theory. The system in question will be influenced by magnetic fields connected with ordinary Maxwell and the second U(1)-gauge field, which couples to the anomalous topological charge. The presence of chiral anomaly and ℤ2 topological charge endow the system with new transport coefficients. We start with the linear perturbations of the hydrodynamic equations and calculate the magnetoconductivity of this system. The holographic approach in the probe limit is implemented to obtain the explicit dependence of the longitudinal magneto-conductivities on the magnetic fields.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Novel deep genetic ensemble of classifiers for arrhythmia detection using ECG signals
Authors: Pławiak Paweł , Acharya U. Rajendra
Published: January 2019

The heart disease is one of the most serious health problems in today’s world. Over 50 million persons have cardiovascular diseases around the world. Our proposed work based on 744 segments of ECG signal is obtained from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database (strongly imbalanced data) for one lead (modified lead II), from 29 people. In this work, we have used long-duration (10 s) ECG signal segments (13 times less classifications/analysis). The spectral power density was estimated based on Welch’s method and discrete Fourier transform to strengthen the characteristic ECG signal features. Our main contribution is the design of a novel three-layer (48 + 4 + 1) deep genetic ensemble of classifiers (DGEC). Developed method is a hybrid which combines the advantages of: (1) ensemble learning, (2) deep learning, and (3) evolutionary computation. Novel system was developed by the fusion of three normalization types, four Hamming window widths, four classifiers types, stratified tenfold cross-validation, genetic feature (frequency components) selection, layered learning, genetic optimization of classifiers parameters, and new genetic layered training (expert votes selection) to connect classifiers. The developed DGEC system achieved a recognition sensitivity of 94.62% (40 errors/744 classifications), accuracy = 99.37%, specificity = 99.66% with classification time of single sample = 0.8736 (s) in detecting 17 arrhythmia ECG classes. The proposed model can be applied in cloud computing or implemented in mobile devices to evaluate the cardiac health immediately with highest precision.
Effects of Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling on Hydrographic Variability and Dissolved Oxygen in Mobile Bay
Authors: Coogan Jeffrey , Dzwonkowski Brian , Lehrter John
Published: January 2019

Upwellling and downwelling events are important coastal processes that strongly influence shelf ecosystem dynamics. Though changes on the shelf have been well studied, the impact of these events on estuarine systems has received less focus. In summer 2016 a downwelling and upwelling event were observed near the mouth of Mobile Bay. The impact of these events were examined throughout the bay with high spatial resolution observations. Five boat surveys were conducted to capture the spatial response of offshore forcing and its changes in the estuary. In addition to the surveys, 16 conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors were deployed and measured temporal changes. A 7 ° C temperature change was observed in the channel as a result of the offshore changes. In the shipping channel and offshore, advection was a major source of changes in heat content and often exceeded the surface heat flux. Advection of low dissolved oxygen water into the estuary was also observed in the shipping channel and at the Dauphin Island station nearest to the estuary mouth. The extent of these changes highlights the importance of estuary‐shelf connectivity in river‐dominated systems where offshore forcing can drive large changes in estuaries during low flow summer conditions.
The effect of protein backbone hydration on the amide vibrations in Raman and Raman optical activity spectra
Authors: Mensch Carl , Bultinck Patrick , Johannessen Christian
Published: January 2019

Raman and specifically Raman optical activity (ROA) spectroscopy are very sensitive to the solution structure and conformation of biomolecules.
Transformation of the hydride-containing dinitrosyl iron complex [(NO)2Fe(η2-BH4)]− into [(NO)2Fe(η3-HCS2)]−via reaction with CS2
Authors: Huang Huang-Chia , Ching Wei-Min , Tseng Yu-Ting , Chen Chien-Hong , Lu Tsai-Te
Published: January 2019

Hydride-insertion reactivity of DNIC [(NO)2Fe(η2-BH4)]− promotes the reductive transformation of CS2 into DNIC [(NO)2Fe(η3-HCS2)]− featuring Fe 3dz2-to-HCS2 π* backbonding interaction.
Enhancing T cell responses and tumour immunity by vaccination with peptides conjugated to a weak NKT cell agonist
Authors: Compton Benjamin J. , Farrand Kathryn J. , Tang Ching-wen , Osmond Taryn L. , Speir Mary , Authier-Hall Astrid , Wang Jing , Ferguson Peter M. , Chan Susanna T. S. , Anderson Regan J. , Cooney Taylor R. , Hayman Colin M. , Williams Geoffrey M. , Brimble Margaret A , Brooks Collin R. , Yong Lin-Kin , Metelitsa Leonid S. , Zajonc Dirk M. , Godfrey Dale I. , Gasser Olivier , Weinkove Robert , Painter Gavin F. , Hermans Ian F.
Published: January 2019

Through chemical synthesis we have designed out the toxicity associated with the powerful vaccine adjuvant α-GalCer.
Enzymatic synthesis of unsaturated polyesters: functionalization and reversibility of the aza-Michael addition of pendants
Authors: Pellis Alessandro , Hanson Polly Ann , Comerford James W. , Clark James H. , Farmer Thomas J.
Published: January 2019

Enzymatic synthesis of unsaturated polyesters and the temperature-dependent reversibility of the aza-Michael addition of diethyl amine pendants.
Designing oxygen bonding between reduced graphene oxide and multishelled Mn3O4 hollow spheres for enhanced performance of supercapacitors
Authors: Jia Henan , Wang Zhaoyue , Li Chun , Si Xiaoqing , Zheng Xiaohang , Cai Yifei , Lin Jinghuang , Liang Haoyan , Qi Junlei , Cao Jian , Feng Jicai , Fei Weidong
Published: January 2019

Strong chemical bonds between transition metal oxides and carbon materials which enable fast electron transfer kinetics are highly required in supercapacitor electrodes.
Treelike two-level PdxAgynanocrystals tailored for bifunctional fuel cell electrocatalysis
Authors: Jiang Xian , Xiong Yuexin , Wang Yufei , Wang Jiaxin , Li Naixu , Zhou Jiancheng , Fu Gengtao , Sun Dongmei , Tang Yawen
Published: January 2019

Treelike two-level PdxAgynanocrystals were synthesized, which exhibit excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic stability and activity towards both anodic and cathodic reactions.
Heparin-based and heparin-inspired hydrogels: size-effect, gelation and biomedical applications
Authors: He Chao , Ji Haifeng , Qian Yihui , Wang Qian , Liu Xiaoling , Zhao Weifeng , Zhao Changsheng
Published: January 2019

The size-effect, fabrication methods and biomedical applications of heparin-based and heparin-inspired hydrogels are reviewed.
A self-recovering mechanochromic chiral π-gelator
Authors: Kartha Kalathil K. , Nair Vishnu S. , Praveen Vakayil K. , Takeuchi Masayuki , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai
Published: January 2019

Isothermal recovery of a mechanoresponsive chiral oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) derivative is demonstrated, where branched chiral chains facilitate the supramolecular chirality and mechanochromic response.
Utilising a Lagrangian approach to compute maximum fault current in hybrid AC–DC distribution grids with MMC interface
Authors: Negari Shahram , Xu David
Published: January 2019

Hybrid AC–DC networks are transforming high‐voltage transmission and medium‐voltage distribution grids by embracing the advantages of both AC and DC systems, which facilitates the inclusion of renewable energy sources and distributed generation. As modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are vastly employed in such hybrid networks, determining their maximal fault current in worst‐case scenario is a critical design factor for planning and implementation of a reliable protection scheme. This study develops a novel mathematical framework that applies a Lagrangian energy method to calculate the maximal fault magnitude. This method allows to account for converter's internal energy and compute its impact on the amplitude of the fault current. It is shown when the converter is interfacing weak AC sources with high internal impedance such as wind farms or solar farms, dumping the internal energy of the converter into the fault is the salient contributing factor of the fault magnitude. Furthermore, to distinguish and classify the output overcurrent as either ignorable transients or destructive faults, a perceptron with sigmoid threshold is employed. The model is verified using a simulated medium‐voltage hybrid AC–DC distribution network.
An ancient merger helped form our galaxy
Authors: Lopatka Alex
Published: January 2019

Measurements from the Gaia spacecraft suggest a large star system merged with the Milky Way 10 billion years ago.
National labs push to get technologies out the door
Authors: Kramer David
Published: January 2019

The Department of Energy is cutting red tape on cooperative R&D agreements and is organizing technology showcases.