bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turbid Underwater Polarization Patterns Considering Multiple Mie Scattering of Suspended Particles
Authors: Cheng Haoyuan , Chu Jinkui , Zhang Ran , Tian Lianbiao , Gui Xinyuan
Published: December 2020

It is still unclear how water turbidity affects the underwater polarization pattern. Current simulations only consider single Rayleigh scattering of water molecules and ignore multiple Mie scattering of suspended particles. In this study, a method based on a combination of Monte Carlo
numerical simulation and Mie scattering theory is used to establish a model of the turbid underwater polarization distribution. Stokes vector and Mueller matrix are used to simulate the underwater polarization patterns within Snell's window. The distribution patterns and dynamic changes of
the simulation are consistent with field measurements. The maximum depth that the polarization pattern can be maintained is calculated for different water types. The influence of water turbidity on polarization patterns is discussed. This model provides a tool for researchers to quantitatively
analyze the distribution of turbid underwater polarization. In addition, the study is valuable for remote sensing and marine surveillance.
Optimal Demodulation Algorithm of Spatially Modulated Full-Polarization Imaging System
Authors: Zhang Ziyang , Ye Song , Li Shu , Zhang Yuting , Zhang Wentao , Wang Jiejun , Wang Xinqiang , Wang Fangyuan
Published: December 2020

Spatially modulated full-polarization imaging systems can obtain full Stokes parameter information by single imaging, with strong characteristics of real-time execution and stability. Since all the polarization information is modulated into an interferogram, demodulation becomes an
essential step. As the resolution of the obtained image continuously increases, the data to be calculated also increase. Therefore, a higher speed for the demodulation process is requisite. This article proposes a local filtering method and bypasses the frequency centralization method in the
frequency domain to improve the speed of demodulation. The demodulation time of an interferogram of size 1024×1024 pixels was reduced from 3.027 473 s to 0.134 637 s, increasing the speed of demodulation by 97.72%. Meanwhile, the demodulation time of an interferogram of size 6144×6144
pixels was reduced from 444.329 92 s to 4.637 069 s, increasing the speed of demodulation by 98.75%.
ADAPTIVE REUSE: SAFEGUARDING THE HERITAGE VALUES
Authors: Mazzetto Silvia
Published: December 2020

In the last decades, Qatar, a small peninsula in the Gulf Region, has unexpectedly experienced a fast, urban growth due to oil discovery and exportation. Doha, the capital of Qatar, is currently affected by a dispute concerning its direction of growth: form one side, the edification of a new contemporary global city, and the other side, the need to preserve the local heritage by establishing new links with the local traditions and history. The paper presents some recently completed adaptive re-use interventions in Qatar and demonstrates how the need to enhance the recognition for the Qatari architecture can intensify the perception and evaluation of the local significance. The conservation projects have been analyzed and compared, concerning socio-cultural, socio-economic, and environmental aspects linked with the adaptive re-use adopted approach. The results show that there exist many connections between the local heritage re-use, preservation of ancient natural materials, enhancement of socio-cultural values, and symbiosis with the environmental condition that could also be applied to any future restoration approach. The concept of sustainable re-use is thus described through the principles of unity and harmony in an extended meaning that includes materials preservation, ecosystem recognition, and social aspects applied to the two scales of intervention, both urban and architectural. The aim is to define a consistent approach in preserving the Qatari heritage while enhancing sustainable principles.
e-Tandem jitters: a study of online learners’ foreign language
anxiety
Authors: Appel Christine , Cristòfol Garcia Blanca
Published: December 2020

Due to the increasing use of technology to enhance Foreign Language (FL)
education, research on learners’ emotions in new learning environments is
calling for more attention (Beirne, Mac Lochlainn, Nic Giolla, &
Mhichíl, 2018). In this study, we focus on Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA), a
debilitating emotion; and e-Tandem learning, a telecollaborative Foreign
Language Learning (FLL) practice. e-Tandem has a vast potential to foster
learners’ FL skills (Cziko, 2013), although it might trigger learners’ FLA
as well. Since little research has been carried out, hitherto, on FLA in
e-tandem learners, this investigation aims to gain new insights into this
topic. First, we want to analyze the appropriateness of the Foreign Language
Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) ( Horwitz, Horwitz, & Cope, 1986) to
assess e-tandem learners’ FLA. Second, we want to observe to what extent
e-tandem contributes to reduce learners’ FLA over time. Descriptive
statistics are carried out and results are discussed.
Designing a gamified reading app with pupils in elementary school
Authors: El Naggar Bassant , Berkling Kay
Published: December 2020

Playing games on mobile devices has become an integral part of younger
generations’ lives. Mobile games foster, among other things, deep
concentration. This paper reports on design guidelines derived from
observations of six elementary school pupils’ engagement over a six-week
period during an after-school reading club program. Each meeting consisted
of three activities as well as reading text on the Microsoft immersive
reader on an iPad, and playing a competitive reading game app, ‘Henry
rennt’, which are both designed to support reading. Pupils were engaged in
informal conversation with the researchers about both applications, and the
authors informally observed the pupils’ engagement with the apps and each
other. Patterns of engagement and comments from pupils informed the design
of a new reading app. This work reports these general patterns and concludes
with new research areas to pursue as a result, including the impact of:
social setting on playing, in-game teaching with avatars on engagement, and
speed as a measurement of skill mastery. Finally, the applicability of
children’s engagement patterns is validated with adult students of German as
a second language who used the app.
Data-driven learning for languages other than English: the cases of
French, German, Italian, and Spanish
Authors: Jablonkai Reka , Forti Luciana , Abad Castelló Magdalena , Salengros Iguenane Isabelle , Schaeffer-Lacroix Eva , Vyatkina Nina
Published: December 2020

This paper summarises the contributions to EuroCALL’s CorpusCALL SIG
Symposium for the year 2020. In line with this year’s EuroCALL conference
theme, ‘CALL for widening participation’, the Symposium centred around the
theme of Data-driven learning for languages other than English. This paper
gives a brief overview of developments and challenges when using Data-Driven
Learning (DDL) to teach French, German, Italian, and Spanish. As research
suggests, a DDL approach has been effectively utilised to teach these
languages. However, there are differences in available DDL resources and
corpora for the respective languages that are appropriate for language
teaching. The main challenges for future developments are also
discussed.
Using technology-assisted peer feedback to improve academic
writing
Authors: Lazic Dragana
Published: December 2020

The poster discusses the possibilities of technology-assisted peer
feedback in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing classrooms among low
proficiency students. It is a part of an ongoing research project developed
after a study conducted in the first half of 2019 (Lazic & Tsuji, 2020a,
2020b). The first goal is to explore the effectiveness of in-class
activities, which include technology-assisted peer feedback, in improving
global aspects of writing, i.e. paragraph structure and content, and to
examine the uptake of peer feedback delivered via an Automated Writing
Evaluation tool (AWE), Educational Testing Service (ETS) Criterion®. Second,
the study looks at students’ perceptions. Participants were 15 first-year
students taking an academic writing class.
From cloning to self-authoring video content in the language classroom: a
reflection on practice
Authors: Loftus Maria , Lowney Rob
Published: December 2020

This paper will detail the introduction of the open-source content
creation tool H5P in a first year university French language module with 115
students in autumn 2019 and its evaluation in early spring 2020. The aim of
this project is to analyse what happens when students are given access to an
authoring tool traditionally intended for and used by educators and how it
impacts their language learning and their digital skills. The background to
this initiative will be documented and findings from the post-project
student survey and focus group will be shared. The researchers will also
detail plans for a second iteration of this initiative, which will be
refined based on the findings.
Collective design as a support for professional development: a case
study
Authors: Quéré Nolwenn
Published: December 2020

Integrating digital resources into teachers’ practice requires, notably,
the availability of resources offering flexibility of use (Morgan, 1990) and
proximity to teachers’ schemes (Crisan, Lerman, & Winbourne, 2007).
Collective designing and sharing of these resources can facilitate this
integration and contribute to teachers’ professional development (Quéré,
2019). The e-FRAN IDEE research group work looks at the cooperation between
teachers and researchers jointly designing a digital resource to teach
English. The aim of this paper is to observe a part of cooperation on one
teacher’s professional development. In this case study, I show that the
interactions between teachers in the group, Ginger and Val, lead to the
discovery of new resources, and working with the latter foster new
knowledge.
Enhancing primary students’ vocabulary learning motivation and outcomes
using the mobile user-generated-content tool
Authors: Song Yanjie , Yang Yin
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a mobile
User-Generated-Content (m-UGC) tool on enhancing primary students’
vocabulary learning motivation and learning outcomes. A total of 40 primary
students in Hong Kong participated in this study. The results showed using
the m-UGC tool could increase primary students’ learning motivation and
significantly improve their vocabulary learning.
The use of active learning methods to stimulate student activity in the online course
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Rybalko Iryna , Bukrieieva Olha ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Skrypnyk Natalia ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University
Published: December 2020

The development of innovations and related changes in the labor market, as well as Ukraine’s aspiration toward Euro integration, have led to the need for transformation of teaching media and methods in higher education. The consequence of this is a massive transition to e-learning, both in the native language and in English, which, however, creates psychological and pedagogical problems. These are difficulties for students with self-organization and self-training, establishing interpersonal contacts, maintaining the motivation to learn, and meeting a certain level of foreign language proficiency.The problems for teachers include the need to develop new teaching methods and technologies, changing the role of the teacher and the methods of interaction between participants in the educational process. The article presents the experience of mitigating these problems in the online course, “Fundamentals of Vehicle Certification” in Ukrainian and English by using active learning methods, innovative methods of motivation, and organization of reflection and communication, presenting some sections both in the native and foreign language. The introduction of this course into the educational process in the extramural form of education showed that the methods proposed by the authors reduced these problems, while the number of A and B grades increased. In addition, it was concluded that the effective use of online courses requires their preliminary approbation and further improvement, taking into account the characteristics of the discipline, experience and goals of the students.
Response of the labor market to the needs and expectations of Generation Z
Authors:   University of Economics in Katowice, Bieleń Martyna , Kubiczek Jakub ,   University of Economics in Katowice
Published: December 2020

We are witnessing a generational change in the labor market. The baby boomer generation is replaced by the representatives of the Z generation. The different environment in which they grew up, especially the technology advancing over several decades, has resulted in these generations having completely different characteristics. The conditions of a given generation influence the needs and expectations in private and professional life. This becomes a challenge for employers who have to adjust workplaces to their needs. Moreover, the working atmosphere can be an important factor in the employer's competitiveness in the labor market. Literature studies have shown that although there are many studies on Generation Y (preceding), there are few studies describing Generation Z in the labor market, thus creating a research gap. The purpose of this study was to analyze companies operating in Poland in terms of adapting their workplaces to the Z generation. The main focus of the study are issues related to a friendly atmosphere in the office, the latest technology, ambassador programs, internships and apprenticeships, benefit packages, onboarding and CSR. According to research enterprises make changes in order to adapt to generation Z, however, they do not manifest them excessively. Firms and organizations should consider development report on adjustments to generational change in the labor market.
The mRNA-Binding Protein RBM3 Regulates Activity Patterns and Local Synaptic Translation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Sertel Sinem M. , von Elling-Tammen Malena S. , Rizzoli Silvio O.
Published: December 2020

The activity and the metabolism of the brain change rhythmically during the day/night cycle. Such rhythmicity is also observed in cultured neurons from the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is a critical center in rhythm maintenance. However, this issue has not been extensively studied in cultures from areas less involved in timekeeping, as the hippocampus. Using neurons cultured from the hippocampi of newborn rats (both male and female), we observed significant time-dependent changes in global activity, in synaptic vesicle dynamics, in synapse size, and in synaptic mRNA amounts. A transcriptome analysis of the neurons, performed at different times over 24 h, revealed significant changes only for RNA-binding motif 3 (Rbm3). RBM3 amounts changed, especially in synapses. RBM3 knockdown altered synaptic vesicle dynamics and changed the neuronal activity patterns. This procedure also altered local translation in synapses, albeit it left the global cellular translation unaffected. We conclude that hippocampal cultured neurons can exhibit strong changes in their activity levels over 24 h, in an RBM3-dependent fashion.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis work is important in several ways. First, the discovery of relatively regular activity patterns in hippocampal cultures implies that future studies using this common model will need to take the time parameter into account, to avoid misinterpretation. Second, our work links these changes in activity strongly to RBM3, in a fashion that is independent of the canonical clock mechanisms, which is a very surprising observation. Third, we describe here probably the first molecule (RBM3) whose manipulation affects translation specifically in synapses, and not at the whole-cell level. This is a key finding for the rapidly growing field of local synaptic translation.
Proceso para fortalecer el registro de propiedad intelectual en las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Ruiz Pintor Denisse	Patricia , Morillo Ubaque Marisol , Peralta Perez Paula
Published: December 2020

Esta nota metodológica propone un documento de referencia para el registro de proyectos desarrollados en las instituciones de educación superior (IES), en el que de forma breve se define un problema, se realiza una síntesis de la evidencia, se identifican posibles líneas de actuación y se proponen recomendaciones. El objetivo principal es describir la metodología para la valoración y el registro de la producción intelectual de estudiantes de IES en diez etapas: 1) fortalecimiento del conocimiento sobre registro de propiedad intelectual en los contenidos curriculares; 2) desarrollo de proyectos de emprendimiento o investigación en los ambientes de formación; 3) implementación de base de datos para registro de proyectos e innovaciones; 4) registro oficial de los proyectos en la base de datos; 5) revisión y evaluación de proyectos por parte de los expertos en propiedad intelectual de la institución; 6) recomendaciones para los proyectos que requieran ajustes; 7) consideración de alternativas en las categorías de registro de propiedad intelectual de los proyectos aprobados; 8) registro de propiedad intelectual en las instituciones responsables (Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio, Dirección Nacional de Derechos de Autor); 9) implementación de los proyectos que lo ameriten; 10) divulgación de los proyectos en las diferentes instituciones educativas. Por último, se presenta el proceso de registro de la propiedad intelectual como material de indagación para la gestión de cualquier tipo de proyectos.
Failures and success in using webcasts, discussion forums, Twitter, and email to engage older people and other stakeholders in rural ageing
Authors: Jones Ray B , Smithson Janet , Hennessy Catherine
Published: December 2020

Dispersed stakeholders could use the Internet to discuss issues of concern in rural ageing but the best methods for long-term online focus groups were unclear. We explored use of webcasts, discussion forums, Twitter, and email to facilitate inter-regional inter-sectoral stakeholder discussion. Synchronicity and scheduling seemed important to get professionals and older people to engage in discussion but unfamiliar technology such as webcasts and Twitter introduced barriers. A time-limited email listserve discussion provided sufficient synchronicity while preserving the convenience of familiar technology, and was the best method of engaging geographically dispersed older users in discussions with academics and support organisations.
ICT for sustainable development: an example from Cambodia
Authors: Grunfeld Helena
Published: December 2020

Can telecentres get a new lease of life, facilitating climate change adaptation and mitigation?  Having been widely promoted as an innovative way of bringing information and communication technologies (ICTs) to developing countries since the 1990s, the efficacy of and need for such centres has been questioned more recently, with the attention of ICT for development (ICT4D) shifting towards market-led mobile services. But it is doubtful that sufficient account has been taken of the many, non-ICT roles played by such centres, whether in fostering education, empowerment, or greater environmental awareness. Through a conceptual framework informed by the capability approach, research discovered that iREACH, a Cambodian telecentre initiative had encouraged farming practices compatible with sustainable development. The paper suggests that telecentres might hold some promise in this area, and calls for greater focus on this potential function of such facilities, both in research, policy and implementation
Community & Technologies – Challenges and Opportunities for Future Research
Authors: Gurstein Michael , Wulf Volker
Published: December 2020

Editorial
The Socio-Economic Benefit of the Livestock Traceability System on Communal Beef Farmers in Swaziland
Authors: Prinsloo Tania , De Villiers Carina , McCrindle Cheryl M E
Published: December 2020

In this article, Swaziland is placed in the forefront as a small African country that implemented a livestock traceability system to benefit both communal and commercial farmers. The communal farmers are also able to export beef to European countries, markers that were previously unavailable to them, due to the successful implementation of the Swaziland Livestock Information and Traceability System (SLITS).  Livestock traceability is briefly explained to align it with the importance of safe food production for human consumption and a few aspects are highlighted. The traceability systems is further explained in terms of its benefit to the rural economy, its role in growing the GDP and the realization of its aims as was initially expected by the Swazi Government. The data collection methods used were a document review, a case study and five interviews. It is concluded that livestock traceability systems should be adopted wider by other developing countries as it has a direct effect on the improvement of the socio-economic conditions of the rural poor. Its development and implementation remains very expensive, but Swaziland can be used as an example of a country that is able to reap the rewards from a commodity that is ample in their country, but scarce globally, leading to wider food sustainability.
n-Logue: The Story of a Rural Service Provider In India
Authors: Jhunjhunwala Ashok , Ramachandran Anuradha , Bandyopadhyay Alankar
Published: December 2020

Can rural Information Communication Technology (ICT) be an effective tool to bridge the digital divide? How can the Internet help developing nations and their disadvantaged in particular? Those who lobby in favour of rural ICT believe that Internet is not just a means of communication but is also an enabler of livelihood in rural areas and therefore, power. For a very long time now, the developing world has carried the burden of colonization and slavery. This has resulted in a lack of confidence among developing economies and the belief that they are not at par with the rest of the world. The lack of "access" has curtailed their ability to compete. In fact, ingenuity and hard work hasn't been adequate for one to enjoy economic and social benefit. In order to acquire these benefits, access to resources like education, health and employment become critical. Internet has been a boon in this regard. Today, one can be in the remotest corner of the world and as long as there is access to Internet enjoy access to education, health and resources. This allows them to compete and use their ingenuity and hard work to bring about a significant difference to their lives. This paper concentrates on how ICT can affect the lives of rural people in the developing world. The total rural population of the developing world is about 3.5 billion, with their average per capita income being no more than $200 per year. India, with 700 million rural people located in 600,000 villages, is a reflection of the developing world. The key issue that is addressed in the paper is whether technology can bring about a difference in the lives of people who earn less than half a dollar a day. Can health and education be made available to them? Can they afford the Internet? And ultimately, can it significantly enhance their livelihoods and income?
Technology Related Dangers: The Issue of Development and Security for Marginalized Groups in South Africa
Authors: West Amy Ruth
Published: December 2020

This paper seeks to clarify why the relevance of certain information and communication technologies [ICTs] is wanting, why the importance of context is crucial to progress, and why mapping technologies from one place

to another is no guarantor of success. Disconnects between theories and

realities are illustrated, emphasizing the need to challenge and address factors that cannot be leapfrogged by technology: namely, education and training,

basic human and service infrastructure, and the importance of human interaction.
Factors Influencing Information Delivery Technology Choice in Deprived Regions in Ghana
Authors: Kwapong Olivia
Published: December 2020

Using a contingent valuation (CV) method to quantitatively estimate the influence of selected socio-economic factors on households’ willingness to pay for alternative information delivery technologies, the study intended to provide basic information regarding rural households’ willingness to pay for information delivery technologies.

This study used rural household survey data collected from three administrative regions in Ghana to examine rural women’s willingness to pay for information delivered via three technologies – community radio, private radio, and extension agents.

The primary objective of the study was to identify the critical factors to consider in planning and policy design in using ICT to provide information to empower rural women. While there were nontrivial regional variations, the overall results from this study point to household expenditures (used as proxy for income), household education, and membership in community organizations as the principal factors influencing rural women’s willingness to pay for the various technologies used in information delivery to women in rural areas in Ghana.

The overriding conclusion that emerged from this study was the need to examine ICT use in empowering rural women within a ‘holistic’ context.
Information Needs of Rural Communities
Authors: Yusop Nor Iadah , Ibrahim Huda , Mohd Yusof Shafiz Affendi , Mat Aji Zahurin , Md. Dahalin Zulkhairi , Ghazali Osman , Saad Mohd Nizam , Abu Seman Mohamad Amir , Yasin Azman , Kasiran Mohd. Khairudin , Abd. Razak Rafidah
Published: December 2020

Accessing required information via the Internet is becoming significant to improve the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to identify the information needs of rural communities. Fieldworks were carried out involving surveys, interviews and observations. The findings show that the types of information requested by these communities include information about business, career opportunity, education, health and ICT. Regardless of their economic sectors, the information needs can be categorized into two: (i) in association with economic activities; and (ii) in relation with daily life. This information can be included in a portal especially designed for the people from different economic sectors to cater their needs.
Hydrogen peroxide bleaching of hardwood kraft pulp with adsorbed birch xylan and its effect on paper properties
Authors: Li Lizi , Lee Sanghoon , Lee Hak Lae , Youn Hye Jung
Published: December 2020

The adsorption of xylan on pulp fibers improves the strength properties of paper. However, the optical properties are decreased significantly. The objective of our research was to bleach hardwood kraft pulp with adsorbed birch xylan by hydrogen peroxide and study the effect of bleaching parameters on paper properties. The bleaching parameters studied included bleaching temperature, time, initial pH as well as MgSO4 dosage. The optical properties (whiteness, brightness, opacity) and physical properties (tensile index, tearing index, bulk) of handsheets made from the pulp bleached with different process variables were measured. The results showed that better optical properties were obtained with higher bleaching temperature, longer bleaching time, and more MgSO4 dosage. Bleaching from an initial pH of 11 provided the highest brightness value. On the other hand, strength properties were improved with decreasing of the bleaching temperature, and increasing the initial pH and MgSO4 dosage. The relationship between strength properties and bleaching time varied depending on bleaching temperature. According to the results, both good mechanical properties and optical properties could be achieved when the operating parameters were controlled properly. Therefore hydrogen peroxide bleaching was proved to be a suitable method for bleaching hardwood kraft pulp with adsorption of birch xylan.
Impact of Environmental Information Disclosure on Cost of Equity and Financial Performance in an Emerging Market: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Atasel Oğuz Yusuf , Güneysu Yusuf , Ünal Hüseyin
Published: December 2020

Financial instability, financial crises, and business frauds cause a loss of society confidence on firms. Similarly, the economic uncertainty increased as a result of the social problems, such as rapid consumption of natural resources, climate change, water scarcity, violation of human rights. For these reasons, the reliability and validity of the reports published by firms have been questioned. Firms make voluntary disclosures, such as environmental, social, sustainability, in order to overcome these problems and gain trust of investors. In this context, the purpose of this study is to explore the impact of information disclosure, including environmental disclosures, within the context of sustainability on the cost of equity (COE). At the same time, the study examines the effect of information disclosure on financial performance in terms of firm value and profitability. In doing so, the study employs BIST100 data of non-financial firms from 2010 to 2019, and uses panel regression models for Turkey. As a result, it was found that information disclosure negatively impacts the COE while positively affecting firm value and profitability.
Participation of the Turkish Military in the Economy of the State: Case of Indirect Praetorionism
Authors: Špak Valerij
Published: December 2020

Based on the example of the Turkish military’s involvement in the country’s economy, this article seeks to complement the concept of praetorionism and to highlight the mechanisms of indirect praetorionism. The Turkish army plays an important role in the country’s economy, while the military pension fund OYAK is considered one of the country’s business giants. It provides an opportunity to maintain disproportionate institutional autonomy and weakens civilian control mechanisms. This provides the military with additional instruments of political influence and encourages the emergence of hidden mechanisms of praetorianism. The article seeks to understand new phenomena and trends in the interaction between the society and the military, as the involvement of the Turkish army in the country’s economy changes the concept of praetorianism and provides new, indirect ways of intervening in public policy. Because of how the Turkish military controls business companies using a privileged position in the country’s economy, corruption mechanisms that influence the mechanisms of the redistribution of economic resources and the pursuit of rents have an indirect impact on the political system of the state. In this way, military entrepreneurship has transformed the conceptual structure of praetorians and complemented interventions with indirect forms of influence, such as corruption, economic dominance, and the distortion of economic reforms.
Phrasemes and problem oriented approach
Authors: Lipavic Oštir Alja
Published: December 2020

Studies as Jazbec & Enčeva (2012), Jazbec &Kacjan (2013) and Miletić (2018) show that although the didactic of phrasemes (Fleischer 1982, Lüger 1997, Hessky& Ettinger 1997) is pleading for a relevant, systematic, continuous and frequent use of phrasemes in German as a foreign language class, they appear predominantly at high levels of foreign language learning, only sporadically and often from the perspective of language comparison. The analysis of schoolbooks shows the presence of phrasemes which are often not appropriately didacticized and regarding data banks and vocabulary not always up-to date. In some recent studies (e.g. Hallsteinsdóttir 2016, Miletić 2018) we can find suggestions and models for the integration of phrasemes in German as a foreign language class, some with incorporation of multimodality. In this article we would like to consider the possibilities for the sensitization and receptive / productive acquisition of phrasemes as offered by the integration of a problem oriented approach in German as a foreign language class. We assume that the problem oriented approach is motivating and benefits transdisciplinary learning. The subject of this paper will be discussed based on some samples of different problem types (metalinguistic, intercultural and so-called non-linguistic problems). The so-called non-linguistic problems seem to be most appropriate because their concept is interdisciplinary, they foster motivation and in this type of problems phrasemes are not explicitly discussed, but appear in non-linguistic contexts to accomplish different non-linguistic goals, without neglecting the accomplishment of linguistic goals. As with the other types of problems, the non-linguistic problems should be adapted to the age of students and their cognitive development. Provided this criterion is fulfilled, the phrasemes appropriate to students’ age and cognitive development can also be included.
A Child Development Fund Program, Emotional Development, and Poverty Reduction
Authors: Chan Ko Ling , Lo Camilla Kin-ming , Yu Lu , Ho Frederick K. , Yan Elsie , Ip Patrick
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES:

We aim to examine the effects of the Child Development Fund (CDF) program on the long-term psychological, health, social, and financial development of children in poverty.

METHODS:

The current study was a 4-year follow-up survey study (the follow-up study) of a nonrandomized controlled trial (the first study), conducted in 2019 and 2015, respectively, in Hong Kong. Subjects were 902 young adults who were from families living in poverty and receiving financial assistance from the government and who had completed the first study. Approximately 61% of the subjects (N = 546) completed the current follow-up study.

RESULTS:

Of the 546 subjects (46% male), 335 (61%; CDF participants) completed the CDF program between 2011 and 2015, and 211 (39%; CDF nonparticipants) were matched controls in the first study. The mean age was 20.64 years (SD = 2.72). After adjustments of covariates, the CDF participants reported fewer behavioral problems, higher levels of study motivation, higher levels of hope, and more positive attitudes toward their future education. The CDF participants also perceived greater social support from significant others and reported greater amounts of money saved every month. After further adjustments, CDF participants showed greater improvements in health-related quality of life related to emotional functioning. A considerable number of families of the CDF participants who were working for a living were no longer reliant on financial assistance from the government.

CONCLUSIONS:

The positive effects of the CDF program on children in poverty could be sustained throughout adolescence to young adulthood. Findings warrant the promotion of the program to reach more children.
Mandala Patterns in Nature-As Incentives for Artistic Expression and Possible Development of the Intuitive Nature of Awareness in a Preschool Child/ Mandalni obrasci u prirodi-kao poticaji za likovno izražavanje te mogući razvoj intuitivne naravi svijesti
Authors: Vidović Petra , Rupčić Stjepko
Published: December 2020

Vitally creative forces in nature enable growth leaving in their material manifestations reflections - matrices. In nature, one of the most remarkable one is the central composition of the (natural) mandala. The article is referred to the known attributes of the mandala - for the purposes of treatment, potentially establishing balance between the four functions of consciousness: intuition, feeling, sensation and thinking, that brings human to wholeness and a harmonious and balanced relationship with the self. The results of research conducted with preschool children are presented, which, as incentives for artistic expression, use mandala compositions. The paper shows that a creative gene of the character of nature through the matrix of the mandala can be associated with the ability to successfully motivate child's attention and to encourage performing art work by observation, with the help of the psyche structure developed in humans since birth and which children intuitively experience.  artistic expression; consciousness; intuition   Životno kreativne sile u prirodi omogućuju rast ostavljajući u svojim materijalnim manifestacijama odraze - matrice. U prirodi jedna od najupečatljivijih je centralna kompozicija (prirodne) mandale. U članku se govori o poznatim atributima mandale - za svrhe liječenja, potencijalno se uspostavlja ravnoteža između četiri funkcije svijesti: intuicije, osjećaja, senzacije i mišljenja, koji dovode čovjeka do cjelovitosti te skladnog i uravnoteženog odnosa s jastvom. Prikazani su rezultati provedenog istraživanja s djecom vrtićke dobi koji kao poticaje za likovno izražavanje koriste mandalne kompozicije. U radu je prikazano kako stvaralački gen same naravi prirode kroz matricu mandale može biti povezan s mogućnošću uspješnog motiviranja dječje pažnje i poticanja na izvođenje radova po promatranju, zahvaljujući strukturi psihe koja se  u čovjeku razvija od rođenja i koju djeca intuitivno doživljavaju. intuicija; likovno izražavanje; svijest
Effects of continuous assessment on the academic performance of Future Teachers
Authors: Santoveña Casal Sonia
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence that the system of assessment used has on academic performance, taking into account the implementation of an activity based on social networks (Twitter), and the weight of students' perceptions with regard to the improvement of interpersonal relationships and academic progress. The study sample consisted of 519 students studying for a Master's degree in Secondary Education Teacher Training at the National University of Distance Education, Spain (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia): 332 pursued Option A (continuous assessment of task-based learning) and 187 Option B (evaluation of learning based mainly on examination performance). There were significant differences between the students of Option A and those of Option B. In addition, the students that engaged in the Twitter activity performed better in the exam and in the CAT [Continuous Assessment Test] compared with the students of Option B. It was concluded that a task-based system of continuous assessment and participation in activity on social networks helped to improve academic performance.
The validity of student evaluation of teaching: Is there gender bias?
Authors: Maričić Milica , Đoković Aleksandar , Jeremić Veljko
Published: December 2020

Student evaluation of teaching (SET) has steadily, but surely, become an important assessment tool in higher education. Although SET provides feedback on students’ level of satisfaction with the course and the lecturer, the validity of its results has been questioned. After extensive studies, the factor which is believed to distort the SET results is gender of the lecturer. In this paper, Potthoff analysis is employed to additionally explore whether there is gender bias in SET. Namely, this analysis has been used with great success to compare linear regression models between groups. Herein, we aimed to model the overall lecturer impression with independent variables related to teaching, communication skills, and grading and compare the models between genders. The obtained results reveal that gender bias exists in certain cases in the observed SET. We believe that our research might provide additional insights on the interesting topic of gender bias in SET.
The Мethodical Model of Teaching Songs by Ear and Its Effects on the Development of Students' Vocal Abilities
Authors: Jeremić Biljana , Stankovic Enmilija
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper was to verify the studied phenomenon (application of the vocal warm up exercises model, as well as the designed and planned methodical approach to learning songs by ear) by using an experiment with parallel groups. The subject of this study was to determine whether it was possible to influence the quality of singing and develop the vocal skills of younger school age students by implementing a planned and directed methodical approach to learning songs by ear. In order to check the effects of the implementation of the methodical model, the SAVS instrument (Scale for the Assessment of Vocal Skills, Jeremić, 2011, p. 281) was used, subtests I, II, III, IV and V (with equivalent forms for the initial and final assessment). In the comparison of groups in relation to vocal skills, a general linear model was used, and in particular a multivariate analysis of covariance with repeated measures (MANCOVA with repeated measures). The sample of this research consisted of second grade students of elementary schools in Sombor and Kikinda, Serbia. The tests of within subject effects showed that the two groups differed in their level of vocal skills, when the average of the two measurements was observed F (1) =11.424, p=.001. Key words: methods; music education; singing; younger school age pupils.
Emotion Expression when Teaching with Creative Movement
Authors: Prosen Simona , Geršak Vesna , Smrtnik Vitulić Helena
Published: December 2020

The study focuses on students’ emotion expression during geometry teaching including creative movement (experimental group or EG) and without it (control group or CG). The sample (N = 104) was made up of primary school (second-grade) students: 66 were assigned to the EG and 38 to the CG. Of these, 12 students from the EG and 8 from the CG were randomly selected for observation of emotion: type, intensity, triggering situation, and response of others. For the observed students, the intensity of emotion expression was also measured by the facial expression recognition software FaceReader. All of the students self-assessed their contentedness with the teaching. The students in the EG and the CG expressed various emotions, with joy being the most prevalent, followed by anger. The most frequent situations triggering joy were activities in the EG and the CG. The intensity of joy was higher in the EG than in the CG when assessed by observation, but there was no significant difference when assessed by FaceReader. The intensity of anger expression was at a similar level in both groups. Both students and teachers responded to students’ joy expression, but only the students responded to anger expression in the EG and the CG. The students in both groups expressed a high level of contentedness with the teaching. Key words: creative movement; emotion expression; intensity of emotions; students; teaching method.
The Correlation between School Burnout and School Engagement: The Mediating Role of Attitude toward Learning
Authors: Erdogdu Mustafa Yüksel
Published: December 2020

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of attitude toward learning in correlation between school burnout and school competence. This study was administered on 471 students. Participants completed School Burnout Scale, School Engagement Scale and Scale of Attitude toward Learning. Data derived from regression analysis show that school engagement and attitude toward learning were predicted negatively and significantly by school burnout. School engagement was predicted positively by attitude toward learning. Furthermore, attitude toward learning was determined to partially mediate the relationship between school burnout and school engagement. Data present that attitude toward learning increased school engagement and it is a significant variable in decreasing school burnout.
Clinical experience of non-hormonal correction of the luteal phase deficiency in women of reproductive age
Authors:   Dnipropetrovsk medical Academy of MH of Ukraine, Streltsova T.R. , Simonov N.R. ,   Dnipropetrovsk medical Academy of MH of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The objective: to study the clinical efficacy of two schemes of using the monocomponent herbal preparation Cyclodynon® in women of reproductive age with complaints of various menstrual cycle disorders diagnosed with latent hyperprolactinemia and second phase failure of the menstrual cycle based on the results of clinical and hormonal studies. Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients aged 25–38 years suffering from PMS. The main group (n = 30) received Cyclodynon® in an ascending pattern: from 1 to the 14th day of the menstrual cycle – 40 drops 1 time a day and from the 15th day to the end of the cycle – 40 drops 2 times a day. The control group (n = 30) – 40 drops 1 time per day until the end of the cycle for three menstrual cycles. Results. After 3 months in the main group there was a more significant decrease in the level of prolactin (from 28.3 to 18.4 ng / ml) as compared with the control (from 27.8 to 23.1 ng / ml). Increased progesterone and estradiol production was also more significantly observed in the main group. The dynamics of normalization of the duration of the menstrual cycle and the volume of blood loss was also more significant in the main group and amounted to 93.3%. Conclusion. The use of an increasing treatment regimen with Cyclodynon® in women with a luteal phase deficiency on the background of hyperprolactinemia has advantages over the use of a standard continuous regimen with respect to a more rapid normalization of hormonal homeostasis, the duration of the menstrual cycle and blood loss. Key words: luteal phase deficiency, hyperprolactinemia, menstrual disorders, Cyclodynon®.