bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transmedia project as a format of creative communication: Process mechanisms and successful performance markers
Authors:   HSE University, Ubozhenko Irina V. , Rubtsova Svetlana Yu. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the development of a procedural scheme for the implementation of a mechanism for successful creative communication in the format of a transmedia project, which acts as an activator of creative environment features during the interaction between specialists of different professional fields and recipients of the relevant content. The transmedia project is considered in the research as a communicative heterogeneous space for the creation of fictional worlds and universes that exist simultaneously in various media formats and are coherently interconnected by certain creative components that allow effectively achieving the communication goal. The study offers an empirically tested procedural scheme containing a logical sequence of certain elements: the type of project, a typical feature of a transmedia project, a relevant creative communicative indicator and a target marker of communication effectiveness. The novelty of the approach lies in the possibility of updating the procedural scheme proposed in the framework of the transmedia project in the real communication space through the identification of dominant target communicative markers. Using a critical thematic analysis of three different types of transmedia projects implemented in various industries, a modeling scheme of a universal procedural mechanism for the effectiveness of creative communicative activity is proposed, empirically derived and emphasizing individual features of a creative communicative act, with a projection of success or failure markers of communication, identified according to the dominant target principle of identifying relevant creative elements.
Lexical realizations of hedging: A cross-disciplinary study of research article abstracts by Russian authors
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Boginskaya Olga A.
Published: October 2023

Currently, when the English language has established itself as a lingua franca in academic settings, it is relevant to investigate rhetorical strategies in texts produced by L2 writers who use English in their academic prose. This paper explores lexical patterns of hedging in Englishmedium research article abstracts written by L2 (Russian) writers from two fields representing hard sciences and humanities — engineering and linguistics. The main focus is on quantitative and qualitative variations in the lexical realizations of hedging as a metadiscourse strategy used to present research results and enter into a dialogue with the reader. The corpus comprises 312 engineering and linguistics research article abstracts taken equally from six Russian linguistic and engineering journals. In order to investigate hedging devices and their lexical categories, this study adopted the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of the quantitative analysis show that there are many differences in the distribution of lexical patterns of hedging in the two sub-corpora. In the engineering abstracts, hedging was most frequently realized through modal auxiliaries and adverbs of frequency. In the linguistics subcorpus, probability nouns and reporting verbs were among the most frequent lexical patterns of hedging. In the linguistics abstracts, hedging was realized through a greater variety of lexical categories. This suggests that lexical realizations of hedging seem to be influenced by the discipline rather than generic conventions.
Methods for assessing comorbidity and its role in patients with cardiac pathology
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Blokhin Arseniy , Shishkin Alexander ,   St. Petersburg State University, Minkin Sergey ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

There are several different definitions of the combination of multiple nosology within one organism: comorbidity, multimorbidity, syntropy, and dystropy, etc. Comorbidity is an important component of pathophysiological processes, which has a significant impact on the course and outcome of cardiac diseases in patients. Therefore, in recent decades, researchers have been actively engaged in the problem of assessing the degree of contribution of comorbidity to the overall state of the body. For this purpose, a number of scales and indices of comorbidity have been developed, which allow estimating the burden of comorbidity on the underlying disease within certain groups of diseases. Consideration of comorbidity in routine clinical practice allows to increase reliable prognostic assumptions and correctly build a therapeutic strategy. As a result, it improves patients’ quality of life, allows them to achieve favorable outcomes, and most effectively prevents complications in patients with comorbidity. The assessment of comorbidity in cardiological, endocrinological, oncological, and neurological pathologies is particularly important, since they have the most general negative effect on the entire patient’s body.
Organized activity of canine ventricular fibrillation under reperfusion after 1-minute ischemia of the heart
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gurianov Marat , Yablonsky Piotr ,   St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Health Ministry of Russia
Published: October 2023

Ventricular fibrillation is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death and continues to be an urgent problem. The aim of the paper was to study the organized activity of canine ventricular fibrillation under 1-minute ischemia and 10-minute reperfusion of the heart. A ventricular electrogram was recorded and spectral analysis of 10-second segments of the electrogram was performed under perfusion, ischemia, and reperfusion of the heart in fibrillation using Fast Fourier Transform at 30 frequencies in the range of 0.5–15 Hz. Specific gravity of 0.5–15-Hz oscillations was determined under perfusion, ischemia, and reperfusion in fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation is characterized by organized activity during perfusion, ischemia, and reperfusion as evidenced by dominant frequency structure. Perfusion of the heart during ventricular fibrillation increases the stability of the organized structure of fibrillation to ischemia: under 1-minute ischemia after 10-minute perfusion, the frequency of dominant oscillations decreases by only 0.5 Hz while organized activity does not decrease. Reperfusion in fibrillation is characterized by the transient 1.5-Hz increase of frequency of dominant oscillations and by a 15 % decrease of organized fibrillation activity at the 1st minute of reperfusion after 1 minute of ischemia. The organized structure of fibrillation is more sensitive to reperfusion than to ischemia.
Application of artificial intelligence in the detection and stratification of prostate cancer: Literature review
Authors:   Astana Medical University, Talyshinskii Ali ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kamyshanskaya Irina ,   St. Petersburg State University,   St. Petersburg City Mariinsky Hospital, Mischenko Andrey ,   St. Petersburg State University,   St. Petersburg City Mariinsky Hospital,   National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N. N. Petrov, Guliev Bakhman ,   St. Petersburg City Mariinsky Hospital, Bakhtiozin Rustam ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Published: October 2023

This review examines the current methodologies employed in utilizing artificial intelligence for the identification and classification of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging data. It outlines the volume of data utilized and highlights the most commonly sought-after sequences employed for training neural networks. The review further presents the accuracy metrics of the neural networks analyzed, accompanied by a succinct explanation of each metric. Furthermore, the review pinpoints the limitations associated with contemporary neural networks devised for the detection and classification of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging data, as well as the challenges encountered during their creation and implementation.In summary, this comprehensive analysis delves into the existing approaches in leveraging artificial intelligence for prostate cancer detection and stratification through magnetic resonance imaging data. It addresses the data scale and preferred magnetic resonance imaging sequences employed for neural network training. The review provides a breakdown of accuracy indicators for the neural networks evaluated, elucidating their respective capabilities. Moreover, the review identifies the drawbacks associated with current neural network models developed for prostate cancer detection and stratification via magnetic resonance imaging data, while also recognizing the complexities involved in their development and practical application.
Screening assessment of antibacterial activity of Thymus serpyllum L., Thymus marsсhallianus Willd. and Pimpinella anisum L. essential oils against uropathogens, isolated from pregnant women
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky, Shapoval Olga , Sheremetyeva Anna ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky, Durnova Natalia ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky, Mukhamadiev Nurali ,   Samarkand State University named after Sh. Rashidov, Rabbimova Gulnora ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Nazirbekov Mavlon ,   Scientific Center for Quality Control and Turnover of Veterinary Medicines
Published: October 2023

Plant essential oils of certain genera and species are important sources of antimicrobial substances.The goal of this study was a screening assessment of antibacterial activity of Thymus serpyllum L., Thymus marsсhallianus Willd. and Pimpinella anisum L. essential oils against opportunistic gram-negative uropathogens. The essential oils were obtained by steam hydrodistillation, and the screening assessment of their antibacterial activity was performed by the disk diffusion method. Two standard species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) and 6 clinical strains (1 — P. aeruginosa, 5 — E. coli), isolated from the pregnant women with infections of the urinary passages, were used as the test bacterial cultures. The study determined that T. marsсhallianus Willd. and T. serpyllum L. essential oils possess strong inhibitory action on all test cultures until the absence of the bacterial lawn. P. anisum L. essential oil did not show antibacterial activity against all test strains, no zones of visible bacterial growth inhibition were formed. T. serpyllum L. and T. marsсhallianus Willd. essential oils are promising antibacterial agents against uropathogens of the species P. aeruginosa and E. coli.
Influence of antimicrobial substances of plant origin on the sensitivity of bacterial biofilm to antimicrobial drugs
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rybalchenko Oksana , Orlova Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University, Netesa Maria ,   Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kapustina Valentina ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

The widespread antibiotic resistance is associated with the formation of special forms of microbial communities — bacterial biofilms with increased resistance to the impact of various physicochemical factors, including antimicrobial drugs. In this regard, the investigation of antibacterial agents, including herbal preparations that could affect bacterial biofilms, seems to be of current interest. The aim of this work was to identify antibacterial substances of plant origin that can most effectively affect bacterial biofilms. The effect of antibacterial decoctions of lingonberry, sage, and chamomile plants on the sensitivity of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs was assessed. The susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs, when combined with herbal decoctions, was determined by the disk-diffusion method. The morphophysiological properties of biofilms were illustrated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The ability of lingonberry, sage, and chamomile decoctions to increase the sensitivity of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs of predominantly bactericidal pharmacological action was revealed. Decoctions of medicinal plants prevented the formation of complete bacterial biofilms. The obtained results indicate the antibiofilm activity of lingonberry, chamomile and sage decoctions, which contribute to a decrease in the level of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and a decrease in the load during antimicrobial therap.
The Invisible Enemy: From Metaphor to Concept
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Balakleets Natalia A.
Published: October 2023

The problem, the solution of which this article is devoted to, is related to the lack of special studies of the concept of “invisible enemy” in political philosophy. Existing theoretical works do not pay enough attention to this concept. Its metaphorical use fails to make explicit all of its potential and importance for political philosophy. As “invisible enemies” only in the metaphorical sense of this term can be regarded objects that have a non-anthropogenic nature (viruses, bacteria, sources of disease), as well as extraneous elements of the political body that have destructive potential. The analysis carried out revealed two semantic areas of using the concept of “invisible enemies”, relevant to political philosophy, and namely physical and symbolic invisibility. The physical invisibility, which is regarded in the works by Сarl von Clausewitz, Сarl Schmitt, Zygmunt Bauman, Grégoire Chamayou and others, belongs to enemies on the battlefield or to remote warfare. Russian philosophers look at this concept from an ethical perspective (Vladimir Solovyov, Lev Karsavin, Nikolai Berdyaev, Fyodor Stepun). The author of the article substantiates the thesis about the situational and relative nature of the phenomenon of the invisible enemy, associated with reaching the limit of perceptual indistinguishability. The physical invisibility of the enemy is caused by the appropriation of new war spaces in which vertical dimensions are established. Arguing with the ideas of Carl Schmitt, the author uses this concept not only in relation to the irregular fighters (partisans), but also in relation to modern combatants. The ways of acquisition of the symbolic invisibility are revealed in the works of Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, Carl Schmitt. It is based on the transfer of the war actor to a different semantic field, in which it is depoliticized and re-symbolized as a civilian object.
Interethnic Relations in Russian Publicism by M. E. Zdziechowski
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dianova Valentina M. , Rybas Aleksandr E. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the subject of interethnic relations in the interpretation of the Russian citizen of Polish origin Marian Edmundovich Zdziechowski — linguist, theorist of Russian literature, religious thinker, philosopher, publicist, and public figure. Researchers from many Slavic countries turn to the study of the ideological heritage by Zdziechowski, since his sphere of research interests, as he claimed it himself, was centred at “the study of Slavs”. While we acknowledge the extensive work done in this field, we must admit that works by Zdziechowsk published in Russian periodicals of the pre-revolutionary period are still insufficiently introduced by modern scholars into their studies. That is the gap which this article seeks to fill. The article presents and analyzes the Zdziechowski’s opinions on the current system of interethnic relations in Imperial Russia and the cultural policy of that epoch regarding national minorities. is the authors show that, in presenting his views, Zdziechowski relied on the authoritative opinions on this issue of well-known Russian cultural figures of the time: Leo Tolstoy, B.N.Chicherin, G.N.Trubetskoy, A.N.Pypin, and V.D. Spasovich. Although Zdziechowski considered the problems of interethnic relations mainly at the example of the analysis of Russian state policy towards Poles living in the country, his views are regarded as important for understanding the nature of the imperial ethnic policy, in general. The editors of Moskovsky Ezhenedelnik, and Novoe Zveno, where his texts were published, give their appraisals of the activity of Zdziechowski. The evolution of the thinker’s views from the expressions of hope for a beneficial solution of the Polish question to the emergence of a sense of disappointment and pessimism is traced in the article. The coverage of this problem in the historical perspective reveals the ambiguity of its interpretations and solutions in the past and might help to improve the national policy in modern Russia.
Dignitatis Humanae and Human Rights in Philosophical and Legal Existence and in Contemporary Constitutionalism: Division and Reunification
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Kravets Igor A.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the concept of “human dignity” in the context of philosophical and legal existence; scientific and philosophical identification of dignity as a polysemantic concept allows us to state its universal value and consider it as a universal legal and ethical category. The research work reveals the views of modern philosophers and lawyers on the nature and role of dignity in relation to human rights. The aim is to study the philosophical foundations and legal aspects of human dignity, to highlight the conceptual foundations of dialogue and the co-existence of human dignity and human rights in modern philosophical and legal discussions. The polysemy and polymorphism of human dignity is combined with a wealth of concepts of dignity, especially in modern constitutional jurisprudence and the practice of constitutionalism, and a unified theoretical basis for the relationship between individual dignity and human rights. The author used general and specific research methods, including methods of dialectics, inductive-deductive analysis, legal hermeneutics and legal engineering and a discursive approach, critical rationalism, and legal realism. Conclusions: dignity as a philosophical and legal category in modern discussions has several of the most important hypostases, reflecting the fundamental categorical meaning: a) the category of ethics and humanistic understanding of man; b) a legal category with a significant variety of legal forms of consolidation at the international, supranational and domestic levels, in the branches of legal regulation; c) a historically changeable category, affecting both the evolution of ethics and law, the legal status of individuals. The article proposes four approaches to the relationship between human rights and human dignity, which are based on four concepts of human dignity: 1) dignity as a gift and heritage; 2) dignity as a social achievement and social honor; 3) dignity as human capacity; 4) dignity as human potential.
Some Problems in Data Ethics and Social Media Ethics
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Shlyapnikov Viktor V.
Published: October 2023

Digitization or the introduction of modern digital technologies in various spheres of life and production underlies numerous changes in modern society. Digital technologies have enormous social and economic potential. However, trust in digital technologies cannot be taken for granted. Broad public acceptance of new technologies and business models can only be achieved if governments and organizations design their digital transformation with ethical values in mind. Therefore, today it seems important to analyze the ethical principles and norms used for the development and implementation of digital technologies. The use of large amounts of data, often personal or confidential, the growing reliance on algorithms to analyze it to inform choice and decision making, the phasing out of human involvement or even control over many automated processes raises pressing questions of fairness, responsibility and respect for human rights. On the one hand, ignoring ethical issues can cause negative social consequences; on the other hand, an overemphasis on the protection of individual or collective rights can lead to the establishment of rigid rules and regulations that prevent the use of the social value of digital innovations. The article focuses on some modern aspects of digital ethics, namely data and data management, social media. The important role of confidentiality in human relations is emphasized, which is considered not only as an individual, but also as a public good. Attention is focused on the fact that confidentiality is closely related to other fundamental values, such as autonomy and equality. It is concluded that in order for social media to remain an open and empowering space for all people, it is necessary to maintain a balance between freedom of speech and access to reliable information, as well as raising people’s awareness of the ethical implications of the development of information and communication technologies.
Risk-reflections’ Conflict Potential: Conceptual Models and Research Problems of the Modern Analytics
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Aleinikov Andrei V. , Strebkov Alexandr I. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Miletskiy Vladimir P. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

Correlation problem of contradictions between “risk-beneficiaries” and “risk-outsiders” gains particular relevance during periods of the established order’s forced change and fundamental, ontological uncertainty. On the basis of riskological literature generalization we offer conflict potential’s analysis methodology of different risk-reflections’ types. Theoretical developments on problems of risk and protection/security forms’ dialectic and dialectic of risk’s foundation and its reflection had served as research’s conceptual framework. In this debate special place is occupied by works by U.Beck whose interpretation of actualization of social tensions is linked with the conflictual perception of risks’ producers and consumers and works by P.Virno who suggested certain theoretical solutions on methodology of risks-reflexivity’s key elements’ singling out. Authors’ attention is focused on the main reflexive characteristics of stakeholders’ analysis. It is shown that risk-reflections are fraught with ideological and political preferences while in risks’ distribution process there is difference of hierarchies in which under certain stakeholders’ dominance, risk-beneficiaries shape outsiders’ adaptation strategies to their advantage in zone of threats and dangers, imposing them certain risk-reflections models, winning chances’ institualization forms and risk behavior strategies. Article considers approaches to the solution of the issue of the different interests’ groups’ selection criteria of the dangers’ priorities’ importance and significance and evaluation/revaluation/underestimation issue of risk severity levels and its social acceptability. Article presents theoretical perspective of the socially acceptable risk level, its capacity, limit and disagreement of social subjects with the evaluation of tolerance towards risk on the basis of “risk-appetite” model. In this context special attention is paid to the threats’ free “selling and buying” logic, e.g. security as the source of risk management resources’ conversion into possession of power and property. Authors come to the conclusion that risks exploitation and earning rent from risks management along with reflexive conservation of risks’ distribution system cause society’s conflict potential’s growth.
Blasphemy and Violence during the Russian Revolution and the Early Years of the Soviet Union
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Beliakova Nadezhda А.
Published: October 2023

This article analyzes incidents of blasphemy that occurred both during and in the period immediately following the Russian Revolution. The debate on blasphemy in revolutionary Russia was initially tied to the political system and ecclesiastical structure of the Romanov Empire. One possible explanation for this anomaly is the political discourse of a “victorious revolution”, according to which revolutionary turmoil had birthed a modern, progressive and secular society. A reconstruction of debates on blasphemy, and of sacrilege too, do not fit this narrative. The Soviet state used a rhetoric that would historically have been seen as blasphemous as well as actions that would have been dubbed sacrilegious to push its agenda for modernization, for the redistribution of material resources, the de-legitimization of imperial institutions and the neutralization of political opponents. Violence was a steady companion here. It could take the form of repression by removing relics and liturgical vessels that were venerated by individual believers. It could be cleansing whereby the relic of a saint would be destroyed. Violence also emerged in the physical exchanges between State officials and believers resisting the unsealing of relics and usage of liturgical vessels outside of worship or mass as well as countering the expulsion of church valuables. Finally, a form of symbolic violence could be found in the way in which the faithful were forced to attend the display of relics in public exhibition hall or in the photographic coverage of sacrilegious acts. This was a deliberate move to confront and hurt the feelings of individual believers. This was a deliberate move to confront and hurt the feelings of individual believers.
Determinants of access to improved drinking water and sanitation in India: evidence from India Human Development Survey-II (IHDS)
Authors: Gurung Rajiv , Tirkey Christopher , Takri Kishore Kumar , Diyali Nimesh , Choubey Manesh , Rai Runa
Published: October 2023

Access to improved drinking water and sanitation has been declared a fundamental right by the UN General Assembly. However, around 25 and 50% of the global population lacked access to safely managed drinking water and improved sanitation in 2020, respectively. India, the second most populous country in the world, has around 3.7 and 31% of its population without access to improved drinking water and sanitation, respectively. This paper explores the factors determining a household's access to improved drinking water and sanitation in India, using India Human Development Survey (IHDS) II data. The results indicate that urban households with bigger family sizes, with fewer rooms, married but uneducated household heads, belonging to forward castes, were more likely to have access to improved drinking water. Similarly, households with married female heads, belonging to forward castes, small household sizes, older aged heads with primary education, from Non-EAG (Empowered Action Group) states, located in urban areas, earning higher incomes and having more rooms were more likely to have access to improved sanitation. Findings suggest subsidized improved water and sanitation services and an increase in public investment to make these facilities affordable for poor rural households.
Effects of local aloe vera oil extraction on various broiler carcass
characteristics
Authors: Menati Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim , Shareef Al Salman Nuha Talib
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted in the poultry field, the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station at the College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna, to
determine the effect of adding locally extracted and imported aloe vera oil on some
carcass traits of broilers from 22/2/2022 to 29/3/2022. A total of 405 unsexed
one-day-old chicks of Ross 308 were used. Chicks were randomly distributed with
45 chicks for each treatment, with three replicates of the treatment (15 chicks for
each replicate), with nine treatments, which are T1 without any addition, as for the
treatments T2, T3, T5, T4, the olive oil was a local extract. The treatments (T6, T7,
T8, T9) were imported aloe vera oil. The addition of oil was at 0.3 and 0.4 ml per
kg feed. The results of the experiment indicated a significant improvement in
carcass traits for broilers (carcass weight, dressing percentage without giblet, the
relative weight of liver, heart and gizzard, the dressing percentage with giblet, the
main cut and secondary cuts) and deboning percentage. The oil extracted locally
showed the best results in a significant way compared to the rest of the treatments
of the imported oil of the aloe vera plant.
Keywords: locally extracting, aloe vera oil, carcass traits, broiler
Effects of varying safflower seed powder intake on some common
carp development and blood parameters L. Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Fatima Muhammad , Jassim Muhammad Maryam , Hussain Salman Ali , Kassim Al-Gharawi Jassim
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted in special cages in the mud pond, Agricultural Research
and Experiment Station, Animal Production Department, Agriculture College,
Al-Muthanna University, to study the partial replacement of safflower seed powder by levels of 0, 5, 10 and 15%, in the diets, instead barley and yellow corn, and
the effects on the growth and blood parameters of common carp fish. The experiment was designed as four treatments with four replicates for each treatment
(five fish/ replicate). The results indicated that there was a significant increase in
T1, T3 and T4 in Final Weight (FW), Weight Gain (WG) and Specific Growth
Rate (SGR) compared to T2. A significant improvement in T2 was shown in Feed
Conversion Efficiency (FCE) compared to T1, T3 and T4. Significant increase in
Protein Production Value (PPV) in T1 and T3 compared to T2 and T4. As for the
hematological characteristics, an increase in hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cell
(RBC) count, and White Blood Cell count (WBC) was observed in T3 and T4
compared to T1 and T2. It was concluded that 10% of raw safflower seed powder
had a good role in growth and blood parameters.
Keywords: safflower seed, growth, blood, common carp Cyprinus carpio L.
Effect of spraying boron and vitamin B6 nanominerals on mung
bean growth (Vigna radiate L.)
Authors: Ayyed Nada F. , Sh. Mahmood Raam
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Department of
Field Crops Sciences - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University
of Baghdad during the summer season of 2021 to study the effect of spraying
nano-mineral boron and vitamin B6 on the growth of mung bean crop. The experiment was carried out in the order of the factorial trials according to the RCBD
randomized complete block design and with three replications. The first factor
included spraying nano-boron at two concentrations (100 and 150 mg. l-1
) and
metallic boron at a concentration of 100 mg. l-1
, as well as the comparison treatment (spraying with water only). In comparison, the second factor included
spraying Vitamin B6 in three concentrations (100, 150 and 200 mg. l-1
) and the
comparison treatment (spraying with water only). The results indicated that the
concentration of 100 mg. l-1
boron nanoparticles exceeded by giving it the highest
averages for plant height, number of bacterial nodes, number of branches, number
of leaves, leaf content of chlorophyll, number of flowers, number of pods, the
lowest average for the percentage of precipitation and the highest average for the
fertility rate, compared to the control treatment that gave the lowest averages. The
results also showed that the concentration exceeded 200 mg. l-1
of vitamin B6 by
giving it the highest average for each of the plant height, number of bacterial
nodes, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf content of chlorophyll, number
of flowers, number of pods, the lowest drop percentage and the highest fertility rate
as compared to the comparison treatment that gave the lowest averages. The interaction significantly affected the concentrations of boron and vitamin B6, as the
combination gave 100 mg. l-1
of nano-boron with 200 mg. l-1
of vitamin B6, the
highest average for plant height and number of bacterial nodules reached 151cm
and 12.53 plant node-1
compared to the comparison treatment, which gave the
lowest average. Combining 100 mg. l-1 of nano-boron with 100 mg.
l-1 of vitamin
B6 gave the highest average number of branches and flowers compared to the
comparison treatment, which gave the lowest average.
Keywords: boron, nanospray, vitamin B6, mung bean.
Evaluating the Acceptability and Feasibility of a Sexual Health–Focused Contraceptive Decision Aid for Diverse Young Adults: User-Centered Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Goueth Rose , Darney Blair , Hoffman Aubri , Eden Karen B
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Young adults with low sexual health literacy levels may find it difficult to make informed decisions about contraceptive methods. We developed and pilot-tested a web-based decision aid—Healthy Sex Choices—designed to support diverse young adults with their contraceptive decision-making.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether the Healthy Sex Choices decision aid is acceptable and feasible to patients and clinicians.

METHODS

We used the Ottawa Decision Support Framework and the International Patient Decision Aid Standards to develop and pilot the decision tool. We first conducted a needs assessment with our advisory panel (5 clinicians and 2 patients) that informed decision aid development. All panelists participated in semistructured interviews about their experience with contraceptive counseling. Clinicians also completed a focus group session centered around the development of sex education content for the tool. Before commencing the pilot study, 5 participants from ResearchMatch (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) assessed the tool and suggested improvements.

RESULTS

Participants were satisfied with the tool, rating the acceptability as “good.” Interviewees revealed that the tool made contraceptive decision-making easier and would recommend the tool to a family member or friend. Participants had a nonsignificant change in knowledge scores (53% before vs 45% after; P=.99). Overall, decisional conflict scores significantly decreased (16.1 before vs 2.8 after; P<.001) with the informed subscale (patients feeling more informed) having the greatest decline (23.1 vs 4.7; mean difference 19.0, SD 27.1). Subanalyses of contraceptive knowledge and decisional conflict illustrated that participants of color had lower knowledge scores (48% vs 55%) and higher decisional conflict (20.0 vs 14.5) at baseline than their white counterparts.

CONCLUSIONS

Participants found Healthy Sex Choices to be acceptable and reported reduced decisional conflict after using the tool. The development and pilot phases of this study provided a foundation for creating reproductive health decision aids that acknowledge and provide guidance for diverse patient populations.
Appraisal of ChatGPT’s Aptitude for Medical Education: Comparative Analysis With Third-Year Medical Students in a Pulmonology Examination (Preprint)
Authors: Cherif Hela , Moussa Chirine , Missaoui Abdel Mouhaymen , Salouage Issam , Mokaddem Salma , Dhahri Besma
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

The rapid evolution of ChatGPT has generated substantial interest and led to extensive discussions in both public and academic domains, particularly in the context of medical education.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT’s performance in a pulmonology examination through a comparative analysis with that of third-year medical students.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a comparative analysis with 2 distinct groups. The first group comprised 244 third-year medical students who had previously taken our institution’s 2020 pulmonology examination, which was conducted in French. The second group involved ChatGPT-3.5 in 2 separate sets of conversations: without contextualization (V1) and with contextualization (V2). In both V1 and V2, ChatGPT received the same set of questions administered to the students.

RESULTS

V1 demonstrated exceptional proficiency in radiology, microbiology, and thoracic surgery, surpassing the majority of medical students in these domains. However, it faced challenges in pathology, pharmacology, and clinical pneumology. In contrast, V2 consistently delivered more accurate responses across various question categories, regardless of the specialization. ChatGPT exhibited suboptimal performance in multiple choice questions compared to medical students. V2 excelled in responding to structured open-ended questions. Both ChatGPT conversations, particularly V2, outperformed students in addressing questions of low and intermediate difficulty. Interestingly, students showcased enhanced proficiency when confronted with highly challenging questions. V1 fell short of passing the examination. Conversely, V2 successfully achieved examination success, outperforming 139 (62.1%) medical students.

CONCLUSIONS

While ChatGPT has access to a comprehensive web-based data set, its performance closely mirrors that of an average medical student. Outcomes are influenced by question format, item complexity, and contextual nuances. The model faces challenges in medical contexts requiring information synthesis, advanced analytical aptitude, and clinical judgment, as well as in non-English language assessments and when confronted with data outside mainstream internet sources.
Tailored Self-Management App to Support Older Adults With Cancer and Multimorbidity: Development and Usability Testing (Preprint)
Authors: Sien Sang-Wha , Kobekyaa Francis Kyerepagr , Puts Martine , Currie Leanne , Hedges Penelope , McGrenere Joanna , Mariano Caroline , Haase Kristen R
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Globally, cancer predominates in adults aged older than 60 years, and 70% of older adults have ≥1 chronic condition. Cancer self-management interventions can improve symptom management and confidence, but few interventions target the complex needs of older adults with cancer and multimorbidity. Despite growing evidence of digital health tools in cancer care, there is a paucity of theoretically grounded digital self-management supports for older adults. Many apps for older adults have not been co-designed with older adults to ensure that they are tailored to their specific needs, which would increase usability and uptake.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to report on the user evaluations of a self- and symptom-management app to support older adults living with cancer and multimorbidity.

METHODS

This study used Grey’s self-management framework, a design thinking approach, and involved older adults with lived experiences of cancer to design a medium-fidelity app prototype. Older adults with cancer or caregivers were recruited through community organizations or support groups to participate in co-designing or evaluations of the app. Data from interviews were iteratively integrated into the design process and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analyses.

RESULTS

In total, 15 older adults and 3 caregivers (n=18) participated in this study: 10 participated (8 older adults and 2 caregivers) in the design of the low-fidelity prototype, and 10 evaluated (9 older adults and 1 caregiver) the medium-fidelity prototype (2 older adults participated in both phases). Participants emphasized the importance of tracking functions to make sense of information across physical symptoms and psychosocial aspects; a clear display; and the organization of notes and reminders to communicate with care providers. Participants also emphasized the importance of medication initiation or cessation reminders to mitigate concerns related to polypharmacy.

CONCLUSIONS

This app has the potential to support the complex health care needs of older adults with cancer, creating a “home base” for symptom management and support. The findings from this study will position the researchers to conduct feasibility testing and real-world implementation.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan UMKM melalui Pengenalan, Pelatihan, dan Pembuatan Produk Digital di Kapanewon Pengasih, Kulon Progo, DIY
Authors: Aristya Ganies Riza , Mif Ardianata Pratama Putra
Published: October 2023

Desa Sidomulyo, Kapanewon Pengasih, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu daerah agrowisata yang banyak menghasilkan potensi pangan lokal yang tinggi. Kawasan ini berada persis di tepi perbukitan Menoreh dengan sentra produksi budidaya buah dan sayur lokal yang sangat digemari oleh penduduk sekitar. Selain itu, kearifan lokal terasa masih sangat kental pada setiap perilaku dan kegiatan masyarakat yang gemar untuk berkebun dan bercocok tanam di ladang. Beberapa potensi unggul daerah yang sedang dikembangkan adalah singkong, kayu cengkih, petai, dan sayur mayur. Dengan banyaknya potensi alam dan lokal desa Sidomulyo, sebagian besar penduduk membuka lapangan pekerjaan dengan mendirikan Unit Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). Akan tetapi, potensi tersebut memerlukan inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi agar dapat bersaing dengan produksi dari daerah lain, tetapi para pelaku usaha kekurangan inovasi untuk meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas produk yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pendampingan, pengarahan, dan pelatihan hubungan kerja sama antara petani dengan akademisi, industri, dan pemerintah guna meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas hasil panen Indonesia melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat UMKM dan digitalisasi produk UMKM. Tujuan program ini adalah memberikan pendampingan dan pemberdayaan kepada masyarakat secara intensif dan efisien dan dilakukan secara bertahap dan berkelanjutan, melakukan optimalisasi peluang bisnis masyarakat Desa Sidomulyo dengan pemanfaatan potensi lokal desa, melakukan peningkatan pemasaran produk lokal desa melalui transformasi digital kegiatan UMKM, dan membangun kemandirian desa melalui jejaring kemitraan industri guna memperkuat potensi desa agrowisata yang madani dan sejahtera. Program ini mampu memberikan informasi peluang bisnis yang dapat diterapkan melalui pemanfaatan potensi lokal desa dan membekali masyarakat desa dengan sistem informasi digital guna memasarkan hasil-hasil UMKM.
A New Automobile Sales Marketing Model for Innovating Auto-dealer’s Sales
Authors: Amasaka Kakuro
Published: October 2023

This study describes a “New Automobile Sales Marketing Model” (NA-SMM) using “4 core elements” based on a “dual corporate marketing strategy” for the innovation of auto-dealers’ sales. To realize this, the author develops both of the “Customer Science principle (CSp)” and “Science SQC, new quality control principle”. Specifically, foundation of NA-SMM consists of the “Scientific Customer Creative Model (SCCM), Networking of Customer Science principle Application System (NCSp-AM), Video Unites Customer Behavior & Maker’s Designing Intentions (VUCMIN) and Scientific Mixed Media Model (SMMM)”. The validity of NA-SMM is then verified through each model of actual applications to customer creation in Toyota.
RELAÇÃO DA MORDIDA ABERTA ANTERIOR E OS HÁBITOS DELETÉRIOS: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Martins Jaíne Moreira , Martins Vitória Regina Galvão , Silva Romes José da
Published: October 2023

Anterior open bite (AOM) is understood as a negative distance between the upper front teeth and the lower teeth. This dental complication is part of malocclusions, ranking third in the ranking of most prevalent dental problems, thus corroborating the choice of this topic. This occlusopathy can be caused by intrinsic reasons, such as hereditary factors, and extrinsic reasons, such as harmful habits, which are the factors chosen for research. The purpose is to relate the literature review to a clinical case report treated, so that the professional knows how to work on prevention and treatment. Literary research was carried out through scientific articles and dissertations in online databases, such as Google Scholar, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - Virtual Health Library) using descriptors present in DeCS (Descriptors in Health Sciences), and through data collection from the patient's dental records, radiographic folder, cephalometric examination and study models at the Dental Office located in the city of Varjão de Minas-MG. By analyzing the association between the literature review and the clinical case, it was possible to prove that harmful habits, when present, interfere with the development of the dentoalveolar process, taking into account their intensity, time and duration. Treatment can range from abandoning habits to orthodontic and/or surgical treatment. In the case of the A.P.P.S patient, 14 years old, female, with melanoderma, just abandoning her habits would not be enough, because there would not be a physiological correction due to her age at the time of treatment, so a fixed “Roth” prescription device was indicated. gluing spurs to avoid interposition of the tongue and digital suction. Intrusion of lower molars with distal steps and mini implants and extrusion of upper incisors with elastics, as described in the literature. The patient underwent a surgical procedure only to extract the third molars. The treatment was satisfactory, returning function and aesthetics to the patient. It can be seen that prevention is the best path when it comes to AOM caused by harmful habits, because when habits are abandoned while there is time, the body itself tends to correct the defect spontaneously.
Policy and Practice of Revitalization of Industrial Heritage as a Factor in Improving the Quality of the Urban Environment of St. Petersburg
Authors: Paliy Kristina R. , Paliy Ruslan R.
Published: October 2023

Due to the liquidation of many industries, many large industrial enterprises in Russian cities become ownerless and collapsing objects. For example, the St. Petersburg industrial zone, which occupies one-third of the urban area, has a depressive effect on the urban environment due to its current state. This research considers the problem of careful conversion and preservation of industrial heritage. The authors pay special attention to the revitalization of industrial facilities as a model for the development of a comfortable urban environment, taking into account the preservation of cultural identity, the values of the industrial era, as well as the organization of new public spaces and the creation of conditions for the development of cultural dialogue. The study reveals the problems of implementing the state cultural policy in the field of industrial heritage revitalization, considers the prospects for a dialogue between civil society and the state on the restoration of industrial zones, analyzes the possibilities of effectively attracting private sector resources, and identifies the main strategies for the development of industrial territories. The article is based on the results of a study of industrial facilities and complexes in St. Petersburg. The authors conclude about the relevance of the proposed revitalization model, which contributes to the effective use of the urban development potential of the depressed areas of St. Petersburg. The result of such activities is transforming industrial heritage into comfortable centers of attraction for people, with favorable conditions and investment attractiveness.