bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Symmetric and Curved Visual Contour Meet Intentional Instructions: Hedonic Value and Preference
Authors: Chuquichambi Erick Gustavo , Corradi Guido , Munar Enric , Rossello Jaume
Published: May 2021

Symmetry and contour take part in shaping visual preference. However, less is known about their combined contribution to preference. We examined the hedonic tone and preference triggered by the interaction of symmetry and contour. Symmetric/curved, symmetric/sharp-angled, asymmetric/curved, and asymmetric/sharp-angled stimuli were presented in an implicit and explicit task. The implicit task consisted of an affective stimulus-response compatibility task where participants matched the stimuli with positive and negative valence response cues. The explicit task recorded liking ratings from the same stimuli. We used instructed mindset to induce participants to focus on symmetry or contour in different parts of the experimental session. We found an implicit compatibility of symmetry and curvature with positive hedonic tone. Explicit results showed preference for symmetry and curvature. In both tasks, symmetry and curvature showed a cumulative interaction, with a larger contribution of symmetry to the overall effect. While symmetric and asymmetric stimuli contributed to the implicit positive valence of symmetry, the effect of curvature was mainly caused by inclination toward curved contours rather than rejection of sharp-angled contours. We did not find any correlation between implicit and explicit measures, suggesting that they may involve different cognitive processing.
New Challenges Imposed by the Pandemic on a Ukrainian University
Authors: Matvienko Olga , Kuzmina Svitlana , Yamchynska Tamara , Kuzmin Yevhenyi , Glazunova Tamara
Published: May 2021

The article’s main aim is to highlight the challenges English language education faced in Ukraine after the outbreak of the pandemic. Since Ukrainian education had traditionally been face-to-face before the crisis, and technology integration was slow, the lack of online infrastructure and distance learning methodologies in Ukrainian universities aggravated uncertainty and anxiety regarding learning quality. The authors show how the Vinnytsia State Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi Pedagogical University (VSPU) withstands the challenge of reflecting on the experience, which might be typical of higher education institutions. The research engages 321 future teachers of English and applies mixed methods. The significance lies in consolidated effort and capacity to modernize that yield positive outcomes, despite insufficient experience and funding. It also states that student opinions count.
Indonesian Freshmen’s Challenges in Collaborative Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic:A Reflection of a Procedural Writing Class
Authors: Listyani
Published: May 2021

One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the world of education is the implementation of online learning. Almost all teaching/learning activities must be changed and adjusted with the virtual classes. One among other activities commonly done in an English language education program is group work or collaborative work between or among students. Due to the pandemic situation, this particular activity should also be done online. This study aims to describe freshmen’s perspectives on collaborative work done in a Procedural Writing class. The teacher of the writing class randomly paired the students to work collaboratively. There is only one research question in this study: What challenges do Procedural Writing students experience in doing collaborative learning during the pandemic COVID 19? Data were derived from reflections that fourteen (14) Procedural Writing students at an English Language Education Program (ELEP), UKSW, Indonesia, wrote in the sixth week of Semester II/ 2020-2021 academic year, and from interviews with two participants who said that they were not happy with collaborative learning. Findings showed that in general, the freshmen felt that collaborative work helped them write better, they got more ideas, helped in their grammar, and exchanged knowledge. Only two students felt unhappy due to misunderstanding and ideas which were not delivered successfully. This study will hopefully be useful for writing teachers, practitioners in education, as well as students so that they will have a wider horizon of what writing students feel and experience in collaborative learning during this pandemic era.
E-Assessment at Jordan’s Universities in the Time of the COVID-19 Lockdown: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Sa’di Rami A. , Abdelraziq Ahmad , Sharadgah Talha A.
Published: May 2021

This study aims to delineate the observations of instructors at Princess Sumaya University for Technology (PSUT) in Jordan with regards to online assessment of their students in the time of the Coronavirus lockdown. Specifically, the study attempts to find out whether universities are prepared for online assessment during the lockdown and to probe feasible solutions to the challenges that hinder proper assessment in a virtual learning environment (VLE). As the challenges are determined, the study suggests a number of practical solutions. Data on faculty’s observations were obtained by means of an online survey. Eighty-three faculty members participated in this study. The findings showed that universities swiftly shifted to e-classes during the lockdown but that they were not adequately primed for an appropriate assessment in an online environment. The findings further showed that instructors were skeptical about the efficiency of remote assessment of their students. In addition, faculty members believed there was still a long way to go with regards to (1) the unavailability of reliable software to preclude academic dishonesty; (2) some faculty being unable to assess their students in VLE as it was their first experience; and (3) formative assessment not having been given enough attention. It is concluded that universities should have an exigency strategy for any sudden future lockdowns. This strategy includes, among other things, intensive e-teaching and e-testing training for faculty, high-tech invigilation and plagiarism software, reliable e-learning platforms with sufficient Internet bandwidth, setting up an e-assessment council at the university level.
The Effects of COVID-19 on EFL Learners’ Anxiety at the University of Bisha
Authors: Mohammed Ghazwan Mohammed Saeed , Mudhsh Badri Abdulhakim DM
Published: May 2021

This study investigates the effects of COVID-19 on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ anxiety at the University of Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The differences between male and female learners and learners of the different study levels in terms of anxiety caused by COVID-19 were investigated. Moreover, the study sheds light on two factors which are the internal factors and external factors that increase learning anxiety during COVID-19 and the strategies used by the learners to decrease the negative effects of COVID-19 on learning anxiety. The data of the study were collected from 80 EFL learners (40 males and 40 females) at the University of Bisha. This study is considerable as it deals with something that is important in the learning and teaching processes these days. The study revealed that COVID-19 causes normal anxiety to the EFL learners at the University of Bisha. It was also revealed that there is no significant difference between the male and female learners in terms of anxiety caused by COVID-19 and external factors. There is a significant difference between them in terms of the internal factors and strategies used by the learners to decrease the negative effects of learning anxiety during COVID-19. Lastly, there was no significant difference between the learners of the different study levels in terms of anxiety, internal factors and external factors that increase negative learning anxiety and the strategies used by the learners to decrease the negative learning anxiety during COVID-19.
Devices and Platforms Used in Emergency Remote Learning and Teaching During Covid19: A Case of English Major Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shammari Mishal H. Al
Published: May 2021

This study investigates the experiences of English major students at the College of Language and Translation (COLT) in King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, with Emergency Remote Learning and Teaching (ERLT) during the Covid-19 crisis. It focuses on the students’ preferences for devices and platforms, and gender differences influencing their choices. The study is of significance because it considers the student-centered learning approaches. The paper also seeks to answer the question as to the factors that lead students to make their preferences for the online teaching tools and devices. A total of 150 students, both men, and women, participated in the study. An online survey was carried out in the form of questionnaires to elicit their responses. The results showed that laptop computers were the dominant devices students used and preferred. They also revealed that the Zoom platform came first in students’ preferences, followed by Blackboard. Also, the findings showed that although participants used smartphones in their ERL, they did not recommend it, and it came last compared to laptops, tablets, and desktop computers in their order of preference. Gender differences existed in preferences to desktops and tablets in ERL. Another gender difference existed in preferences to platforms. Women students preferred Blackboard to Zoom while men students expressed the opposite.
Mathematikspezifische Medien nutzen: Was macht den Unterschied – Lehrkraft, Schulkultur oder Technik?
Authors: Ostermann Anje , Lindmeier Anke , Härtig Hendrik , Kampschulte Lorenz , Ropohl Mathias , Schwanewedel Julia
Published: May 2021

Forschung zu Mediennutzung im Unterricht nimmt bisher selten einen fachlichen Blick ein, obwohl gerade im Mathematikunterricht spezifische Medien im Einsatz sind. Die berichtete Lehrkräftebefragung zeigt die aktuelle mathematikspezifische Mediennutzung in der Sekundarstufe auf und erklärt Unterschiede durch individuelle und organisationale Faktoren im Kontrast unterschiedlicher Gruppen von Nutzungshäufigkeit. Weiter diskutieren wir Implikationen zur Förderung von Medieneinsatz im Mathematikunterricht.
Fungos endofíticos em folhas de cafeeiro: diversidade e potencial entomopatogênico sobre a broca do café
Authors:   , Souza Ricardo Augusto de
Published: May 2021

A cafeicultura é altamente dependente do uso de agrotóxicos para o controle das doenças e pragas, como é o caso da broca do café. Tal praga causa prejuízos quantitativos e qualitativos. Para se reduzir a dependência do uso de agrotóxicos para o controle da broca, é fundamental que se desenvolvam opções de controle biológico. Entre os potenciais agentes de controle biológico estão os chamados fungos endofíticos, que são microrganismos que vivem no interior dos tecidos vegetais, sem causar dano aparente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade de ocorrência de fungos endofíticos isolados de folhas de cafeeiro e o seu potencial entomopatogênico sobre a broca do café. A coleta e isolamento de endofíticos ocorreu em 3 propriedades rurais localizadas em Águas de Lindóia, Itapira e Socorro, todas na região da média mogiana paulista e em 3 propriedades rurais localizadas em 3 regiões distintas, Águas de Lindóia, Poços de Caldas e Campinas, respectivamente média mogiana paulista, sul de Minas Gerais e leste paulista.
Семантична репрезентація властивостей їжі у свідомості осіб з орторексією
Authors: Lozova Olga , Fatieieva Maryna
Published: May 2021

Мета. У статті представлені результати дослідження, метою якого було визначити семантичний простір до поняття «їжа» серед людей з нервовою орторексією. Термін «орторексія» розглядається як нав'язливе прагнення до «здорового й правильного харчування», яке призводить до значних обмежень у виборі їжі, впливає на різні сфери життя, може призвести до соціальної ізоляції.

Методи. У дослідженні використовувались методи вербального семантичного диференціалу та шкали інтуїтивного харчування-2 (Intuitive eating scale-2 в українській адаптації). Основними координатами семантичного простору були статистичні ряди вимірюваних величин, що характеризують взаємодію респондентів з їжею: тактильна привабливість, впорядкованість харчування, оцінка корисності та емоційного змісту їжі. Вибірка охопила 326 випробовуваних у віці від 18 до 68 років (77 чоловіків та 249 жінок). Середній вік становив 30;64 року, стандартне відхилення 11;61.

Результати. Семантичний простір сприйняття їжі респондентами з орторексією охарактеризовано переважанням таких критеріїв: перцептивної привабливості, порядку, корисності, емоційної атрибуції). Найменш важливим для осіб з орторексією виявився критерій перцептивної привабливості. Семантика таких властивостей їжі, як «смачність», «якість», «корисність», «краса», «натуральність» і «жирність» прямо корелює з субшкалами «інтуїтивність харчування», «безумовний дозвіл на приймання їжі», «їжа з огляду на фізичний голод, неемоційний», «покладаюся на сигнали голоду та ситості», «гармонія їжі й тіла».

Висновки. В результаті аналізу окреслено семантичний простір сприйняття їжі респондентами з орторексією. Гіпотезу про зв’язок між семантикою властивостей їжі та рівнями харчової інтуїції суб’єкта верифіковано повністю.
Expansão lexical: o acesso a empréstimos do inglês com morfologia do português
Authors: Sabatini Fernando Luis , Sampaio Thiago Oliveira da Motta
Published: May 2021

A Expansão Lexical é um tema recorrente na linguística histórica e na sociolinguística. Até onde sabemos, esse estudo é a primeira tentativa de compreender o tema por meio de uma abordagem experimental. Neste artigo, reportamos os resultados de um experimento de decisão lexical baseado em palavras emprestadas do Inglês que aceitam afixos do Português do Brasil (ex. clipagem, cropar). Uma árvore de regressão CRT indica que os participantes reconhecem essas palavras com mais facilidade do que pseudopalavras. Porém, essas respostas são mais lentas e não podem ser comparadas às respostas a palavras do Inglês ou do Português do Brasil.
Teticidade: categoria funcional ou uma questão discursiva no PB?
Authors: Pinheiro Correa Paulo
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho visa a contribuir com os estudos sobre a expressão da Teticidade (SASSE, 1987, 2006; LAMBRECHT, 2000) no Português Brasileiro, por meio do levantamento da sintaxe associada associada à expressão desta configuração informativa. A pesquisa tem o objetivo de discutir se a teticidade no português brasileiro existe como uma categoria funcional representada na cognição, como por exemplo, em Bybee (2010, 2013) ou se é uma condição pragmática que é interpretada no discurso. Os resultados de uma análise de corpus mostraram: (a) uma variedade de configurações sintáticas não-compatíveis com a ideia de uma categoria funcional representada na cognição e (b): a presença de uma espécie de marcador que poderia ter alguma função ligada à teticidade no nível discursivo.
Improvements in Intractable Lumbar and LowerExtremity Symptoms after Systemic Administration of Tocilizumab, an Anti-interleukin-6 Receptor Antibody
Authors: Sainoh Takeshi , Orita Sumihisa , Miyagi Masayuki , Suzuki-Narita Miyako , Sakuma Yoshihiro , Oikawa Yasuhiro , Kubota Go , Sato Jun , Shiga Yasuhiro , Fujimoto Kazuki , Eguchi Yawara , Koda Masao , Aoki Yasuchika , Akazawa Tsutomu , Furuya Takeo , Nakamura Junichi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Maki Satoshi , Inoue Masahiro , Kinoshita Hideyuki , Norimoto Masaki , Sato Takashi , Sato Masashi , Suzuki Masahiro , Enomoto Keigo , Takaoka Hiromitsu , Mizuki Norichika , Hozumi Takashi , Tsuchiya Ryuto , Kim Geundong , Otagiri Takuma , Mukaihata Tomohito , Hishiya Takahisa , Ohtori Seiji , Inage Kazuhide
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Prospective cohort study (open-label, single-arm, and non-blinded).Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of systemic administration of tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antibody on refractory low back pain and leg symptoms.Overview of Literature: IL-6 overexpression is associated with neuropathic pain pathogenesis, which is potentially followed by chronic low back pain, including leg pain and numbness. This finding suggest that inhibition of IL-6 at the site of pain or in the transmission pathway could provide novel therapeutic targets for chronic low back pain.Methods: This prospective, single-arm study included 11 patients (eight men; mean age, 62.7 years) with ≥3-months’ chronic pain history due to lumbar disease. Subcutaneous TCZ injections were administered twice, at a 2-week interval. We evaluated low back pain, leg pain, and leg numbness using numeric rating scales and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI; baseline and 6 months postinjection); serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels (baseline and 1 month postinjection); and clinical adverse events.Results: Intractable symptoms reduced after TCZ administration. Low back pain improved for 6 months. Improvements in leg pain and numbness peaked at 4 and 1 month, respectively. Improvements in ODI were significant at 1 month and peaked at 4 months. Serum IL-6 was increased at 1 month. IL-6 responders (i.e., patients with IL-6 increases >10 pg/mL) showed particularly significant improvements in leg pain at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months compared with nonresponders. We observed no apparent adverse events.Conclusions: Systemic TCZ administration improved symptoms effectively for 6 months, with peak improvements at 1–4 months and no adverse events. Changing serum IL-6 levels correlated with leg pain improvements; further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic connections between lumbar disorders and inflammatory cytokines.
Psychological Predictors of Satisfaction after Lumbar Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshio , Kawakami Mamoru , Minetama Masakazu , Nakagawa Masafumi , Teraguchi Masatoshi , Kagotani Ryohei , Mera Yoshimasa , Sumiya Tadashi , Matsuo Sachika , Kitano Tomoko , Nakagawa Yukihiro
Published: May 2021

Study Design: A retrospective study of prospectively collected clinical data.Purpose: To identify preoperative psychological factors associated with patient satisfaction after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).Overview of Literature: Associations between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and worse surgical outcome or patient dissatisfaction have been reported in LSS patients. However, the influence of preoperative pain catastrophizing and fear-avoidance beliefs on postoperative satisfaction is not well understood.Methods: LSS patients who underwent decompression surgery with or without fusion were included. Clinical outcomes were measured before surgery and 6 months postoperatively using the Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ); Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of low back pain, leg pain, and leg numbness; Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire; and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale were used to evaluate psychological status before surgery. Patients were classified as satisfied or dissatisfied with surgery based on a ZCQ satisfaction subscale cutoff score of 2.5.Results: The satisfied and dissatisfied groups contained 128 and 29 patients, respectively. Six months postoperatively, outcome scores for the dissatisfied group were unchanged or worse than preoperative scores (p>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between dissatisfaction and preoperative low back pain VAS score ≥ median (odds ratio [OR], 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.74; p=0.01), preoperative mental health SF-36 score ≥ median (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.08–0.89; p=0.03), and preoperative anxiety HADS score ≥ median (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.16–13.46; p=0.03).Conclusions: Preoperative less severe low back pain, lower mental health, and higher anxiety are associated with patient dissatisfaction with lumbar surgery, not depression, pain catastrophizing, or fear-avoidance beliefs. Pre- and postoperative psychological status should be assessed carefully and managed appropriately.
A csendőrség szerepe a polgári repülésben a két a világháború között
Authors: Olasz Lajos
Published: May 2021

A trianoni békediktátum — számos megalázó és korlátozó intézkedése mellett — szinte teljesen felszámolta a magyar repülést, különösen annak katonai válfaját. Ezt a helyzetet a magyar állam — támaszkodva a változó nemzetközi erőviszonyokra — csak fokozatosan, több évtized alatt tudta felszámolni. A magyar repülés fejlesztésében általában, különösen pedig a katonai repülés rejtésében a Magyar Királyi Csendőrség jelentős szerepet kapott, mely feladatát a testület kiválóan teljesítette. A két világháború közötti időszakban a Magyar Királyi Csendőrség szervezetében alakultak ki a magyar légirendészet kezdeti formái, melyre a koronát a háború miatt rövid életű légicsendőrség felállítása helyezte.
Awareness on Girl Child Abuse Among Mothers of A Selected Community
Authors: Thapa Taniya , Pun Khagi Maya , Raut Krishna Bahadur , Silwal Kalpana , Chaudhary Rajendra Kumar
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Girl Child Abuse is physically, emotionally, sexually abusing and neglecting the girl child by depriving her of universally accepted child rights. We aim to determine the awareness on girl child abuse among mothers so that necessary awareness programs could be recommended if found unsatisfactory.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Sundarbazar municipality of Lamjung district among randomly selecting 288 mothers who participated voluntarily in face to face interview that used structured questionnaire from 27th March to 23rd April, 2016. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferrential statistics like frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square and linear by linear association.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that majority of mothers 224 (77.8%) had average level of awareness regarding girl child abuse and only 21 (7.3%) had good level of awareness with mean scoreÂ±SD of 45.94Â±9.94 (total score-76). Awareness of mother on girl child abuse was found significantly associated with age, ethnicity, educational status, type of family, age at marriage and number of children at P<0.05.

Conclusions: The mothers had average level of awareness regarding girl child abuse; however, significant proportion of mothers still lacks good level of awareness. A nationwide study of such kind using qualitative tools as well as conducting awareness raising activities focusing on girl child abuse and sexual abuse in girl child is recommended.
Digital Radiographic Study of Gonial angle in Forensic Odontology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Srii Ritesh , Koju Sushmit , Mahanta Swagat Kumar , Marla Vinay , Niroula Deepa , Upadhyaya Chandan , Murthy Prapulla Sridhara
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Gonial angle measurements serve as an important parameter of the craniofacial complex and are usually studied on lateral cephalograms, but recently panoramic radiographs have also been used. The aim of this study is to measure the gonial angle using orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram based on age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 350 selected radiographs of apparently healthy individuals collected for a period of one year, from the Department of Oral Radiology of a tertiary care centre of Nepal. Gonial angle measurements were recorded from digital panoramic radiograph (both right and left side) and lateral cephalogram. Data was collected in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion and then statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.
Results: The mean gonial angle for panoramic right, left and lateral cephalogram was 122.490±7.570, 123.620±7.060, and 124.150±6.910, respectively. There was a decrease in the mean values of the gonial angle observed as age advances seen in all the radiographs. The gonial angle measured in Class III malocclusion was higher in all the radiographs, followed by Class II and Class I. Gonial angles obtained in females were higher than the males in all the radiographs. Finally, the Aryan population showed a higher gonial angle compared to the Mongolian population in all the radiographs.
Conclusions: Panoramic radiograph (left side), could be considered as a reliable tool to measure the gonial angle.
Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonizers among Basic Science MBBS and BDS Students of Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Sharma Manisha , Jha Beena , Bhatt Chandra Prakash
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus exhibit multiple drug resistance phenotypes. Colonizers harboring Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus are often associated with its outbreaks in both hospital and community settings. This study was done to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage rate of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among basic science MBBS and BDS students of Kathmandu Medical College.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Kathmandu Medical College from March 5 to June 5 2020. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee with reference no. 040320201. A convenient sampling method was used, and the sample size was calculated with a prevalence of 50%. Two hundred students studying MBBS and BDS were enrolled. The nasal swab was collected and processed using standard microbiological methods. The data obtained were computed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16.0 Version.

Results: Among 200 participants, 9 (4.5%) were found to be nasal carriers of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusions: Colonization of anterior nares by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in apparently healthy individuals is a cause of concern. Education regarding Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, its carrier and significance, and its screening must be included early on in MBBS and BDS.
Multiple Cavernous Haemangioma of Orbit and Cranium: A Case Report
Authors: Rajkarnikar Sthapit Purnima , Sayami Gita , Saiju Rohit
Published: May 2021

A 32-year-old male presented with painless proptosis and diminution of vision in left eye. Imaging shows multiple well-defined masses, suggestive of cavernous haemangioma, in orbit and cranium with adjoining bones being thickened with cystic spaces. Histopathology proved the diagnosis. Cavernous haemangioma usually presents as a solitary intraconal and sometimes extraconal mass with vision usually preserved unless it extends to the apical portion. Here we report a rare case of multiple simultaneous locations of cavernous haemangiomas in orbit and cranium with significant diminution of vision.
Rupture Uterus in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chudal Deepa , Shrestha Sebak , Shrestha Ruby , Paudel Vikash
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Rupture uterus is an obstetric catastrophe with poor maternal and fetal outcome. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of rupture uterus in pregnancy.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care centre from January 2016 to December 2016 after taking ethical approval (Approval No. F-NMC-510/76/77) from Institutional Review Committee. Convenience sampling method was used. Data were entered in the Microsoft Excel sheet and obtained data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 18 software for central tendency and frequencies.
Results: Out of total 1559 deliveries, prevalence of rupture uterus was found to be 12 (0.0077%). Previous lower segment caesarean scar rupture was the most common risk factor noted in 7 (58.3%) cases. A total of seven patients (58.3%) required intensive care unit admission and blood transfusion. Other maternal complications were surgical site infection 2 (16.67%), sepsis 2 (16.67%), paralytic ileus 1 (8.3%), pelvic collection 1 (8.3%) and vesico vaginal fistula 1 (8.3%). Two maternal deaths (16.67%) and perinatal death was noted in 8 (66.66 % ) cases.
Conclusions: Rupture uterus most commonly occurred in scarred uterus. Identification of high risk pregnancy, judicious caesarean section, proper labor monitoring, early diagnosis and prompt management are essential in reducing its occurrences.
Advance Age Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mahato Vibha , Shrestha Pravin , Shrestha Smita
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Women who conceive at advance age are at risk of pregnancy complications and adverse foetal outcome. This study aims to find out the prevalence of pregnancy at advance age in a teaching hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2019 to August 2020 at department of obstetrics and gynaecology of a tertiary care centre of Nepal, after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee (dated 03/09/2019 with ref no. 266) and informed consent from patient. Convenience sampling was done. All the patient who were ≥35 years and >28 weeks of gestation without any chronic illness were selected. Data and descriptive analysis were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: Women aged 35 years and above constituted 104 (5.73%) of the total deliveries of study period. Most were multigravida 72 (69.23%) and 23 (22.12%) had preterm delivery. Rate of caesarean section were higher in advance maternal age 69 (66.35%). Maternal complications such as Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy 9 (8.65%), and mal-presentation 15 (14.42%) were higher among them. Perinatal outcome in form of low birth weight 9 (8.65%) and perinatal death 5 (4.80%) were increased in those women.
Conclusions: From this study, it can be concluded that prevalence of advanced age at pregnancy was lower than study done in developed country but it was similar to study in India and is increasing in Nepal.
Attitude Towards Suicide among Caregivers of Patients Admitted with Suicide Attempt to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thapa Prekshya , Lama Sami , Pradhan Nirmala , Thapa Kriti , Kumar Rajesh , Basnet Madhur
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Understanding the attitude of caregivers towards suicide attempters could be useful in suicide prevention. The objective of this study was to study attitude towards suicide among caregivers of patients with suicide attempt admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 52 caregivers of patients with suicide attempt who had been admitted to a tertiary care hospital of Nepal after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee (ref. IRC/0797/016). Data were collected through interviews using the Attitude towards Suicide Questionnaire and in-depth interviews conducted on five caregivers using the interview framework developed in the department for the purpose. Data and descriptive analysis were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Content analysis was used for qualitative data.
Results: Majority of the caregivers 34 (65.4%) had unfavorable attitude towards suicide. Caregivers reported that mental and chronic physical illness, financial difficulty, working environment, and social factors such as undue pressure and failure to perform the task, difficulty maintaining the relationship, abuse, and neglect could be some of the possible causes of suicide. Caring and understanding attitude of family members, health professionals, and society towards the suicidal individuals providing appropriate training and education to the public would help in reducing the stigma and burden of suicidal patients.
Conclusions: The overall attitude of the caregivers was unfavorable. Interventions targeted towards improving attitude towards suicide could be helpful in suicide prevention.
Patient Satisfaction in Doctor Patient Communication in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khanal Milan Chandra , Karki Lochan , Rijal Badri , Joshi Pramod , Bista Navindra Raj , Nepal Bikash , Rana Krishna , Lamichhane Prabesh
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Communication is an important aspect of the medical profession. Doctor-patient communication plays a significant role in health care delivery. This study aims to find outpatient department patient satisfaction in doctor-patient communication in a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal in the month of August 2019. Validated questionnaire of Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire, consisting of 80 items, originally developed by Willis H. Ware and his colleagues were used and distributed to the patient in the outpatient department of the hospital. Their satisfaction level for doctor-patient communication was assessed on a five-point scale. The questionnaire was distributed randomly to the patient attending the hospital outpatient department during one month period.
Results: Out of the total participants, 420 (96%) at 95% CI (95.07–96.93) respondents reported that they were satisfied regarding communication with their doctors. Among the patients, 109 (24.0%) visited the department of medicine followed by obstetrics and gynaecology 85 (19.4%).
Conclusions: The majority of participants were found to be satisfied with the doctor-patient communication. While this study has shown that the communication in the doctor-patient relationship was seen to be satisfactory, this might not show the generalized picture of the country. We should also think of ways to further improve the communication in our hospitals.
Febrile Seizure in Children Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Bandana , Bhattarai Arjun , Subedi Nabraj , Shrestha Nirmala
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Understanding a child with any episode of febrile seizure is important so that special attention could be given. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of febrile seizure in children attending a tertiary centre in western Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care centre at the department of Pediatrics after taking approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Study was conducted among the children presented with febrile seizure from 18th October 2017 to 12th April 2020. Patient files were retrospectively reviewed. Convenience sampling method was used. Data and descriptive analysis were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: Of the total 4701 admitted children during a study period, 217 (4.61%) (3.41-5.81 at 95% Confidence Interval) children had febrile seizure. Out of them, 154 (70.9%) male and 63 (29.1%) female with 168 (77.4%) simple and 49 (22.6%) complex febrile seizure. The mean age of presentation was at 23.2±13.61 months whereas mean age for male and female were 22.99±13.86 months and 23.73±13.09 months respectively. Recurrent febrile seizure noted in 68 (31.3%) children and fever in half the cases 110 (50.7%) was caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection.
Conclusions: Simple febrile seizure was more common and the peak age of presentation was in the second year of life and more commonly in male. One third of febrile seizures were recurrent and half the children had upper respiratory tract infection as the most common etiology of fever.
Исследование выявляемости поверхностных объемных дефектов при ультразвуковом контроле с применением волн Рэлея, генерируемых электромагнитно-акустическим преобразователем
Authors: Алешин Н.П. , Крысько Н.В. , Кусый А.Г. , Скрынников С.В. , Могильнер Л.Ю.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the study of the "pitting corrosion" surface operational flaws detectability by the ultrasonic method of non-destructive testing. The possibility of using Rayleigh surface waves excited by an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for these purposes is considered. Blind vertical drills of various diameters and depths were used as artificial defects to simulate these flaws in low-carbon steel specimens. Based on the measurement results, the dependences of the amplitude of the received signals on the drilling parameters were plotted. During the statistical processing of the results, the signal-to-noise ratio was taken into account upon excitation of the Rayleigh wave using EMAT on defect-free areas of the samples. To construct curves of probability of detection (PoD), optimal models of the amplitudes distribution are determined. Under the conditions of the experiments carried out using the constructed PoD curves, conclusions were made about the minimum dimensions of a "pitting corrosion" type defect, detected with a probability of 90 %, taking into account the confidence interval of 95%, and about the possibility of adjusting the ultrasonic testing parameters using signals reflected from vertical drills.
Вероятностно-информационный подход к оценке достоверности результатов акустико-эмиссионного метода контроля и диагностики
Authors: Буйло С.И. , Буйло Б.И. , Чебаков М.И.
Published: May 2021

The features of quantitative determination of the reliability of the results of the acoustic emission (AE) method of control and diagnostics are considered. It is established that the traditional definition of reliability through the probability of a controlled parameter falling into a certain interval sometimes suffers from information underdeterminacy. It is shown that taking into account the probabilistic and informational aspects of the reliability assessment makes it possible to unambiguously link the concept of the reliability of the results of control and diagnostics with the amount of information obtained during the control or diagnostic operation itself. Examples of practical determination of the information reliability of the results of the AE method are given.
COĞRAFYA ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ KARST TOPOGRAFYASI İLE İLGİLİ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN KELİME İLİŞKİLENDİRME TESTİ VE ÇİZME-YAZMA TEKNİĞİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: KAYA Baştürk , ALADAĞ Caner , AKİF.AKKUS@HKU.EDU.TR Akif.akkus@hku.edu.tr
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, coğrafya öğretmen adaylarının karst topografyası anahtar kavramıyla ilgili düşüncelerini tespit etmektir. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını coğrafya eğitimi dördüncü sınıfta öğrenim gören toplam 40 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma nitel araştırma kapsamında olup, durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Veriler bağımsız kelime ilişkilendirme testi (KİT) ve çizme-yazma tekniği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Hem kelime ilişkilendirme testiyle hem de çizme-yazma tekniğiyle elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler kodlanarak anlamsal yakınlığı olan cevap kelimeler bir araya getirilmiş ve kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Her kategorideki cevap kelimelerin frekansları hesaplanarak tablo haline getirilmiştir. Bağımsız kelime ilişkilendirme testi ile 4, çizme-yazma tekniği ile 3 kategori oluşturulmuştur. Hem bağımsız kelime ilişkilendirme testi ile hem de çizme-yazma tekniği ile oluşturulan kategoriler içerisinde cevap kelime sayısı ve toplam frekansı en yüksek olan kategori “başlıca karstik şekiller” isimli kategoridir. Öğretmen adaylarının karst topografyası anahtar kavramıyla ilişkili yazdıkları cümleler de incelenerek özelliklerine göre gruplandırılmıştır. Bu cümleler içerisinde doğru bilgi içeren cümle örneklerinin çoğunlukta olduğu görülmektedir. Bazı öğretmen adaylarının ise konuyla ilişkili olarak kavram yanılgısına sahip oldukları, yazdıkları cümlelerden anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca katılımcıların çizme-yazma tekniğiyle ortaya koydukları çizimler değerlendirilerek belirlenen seviyelere göre analiz edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının çizimleri incelendiğinde basit, yüzeysel veya bilimsel vurgusu olmayan seviye 1 düzeyindeki çizimlerin çoğunlukta olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Sonuç olarak öğretmen adaylarının karst topografyası ile ilgili belirli düzeyde bilgi sahibi oldukları ancak bazı konularda eksikliklerinin olduğu da görülmektedir.
COVİD-19 SÜRECİNDE AFET VE BİYOLOJİK AFETLERE YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLER
Authors: DÖLEK İskender , DURMUŞ Esen , KURUYER Dilan
Published: May 2021

Afetler, toplumsal yaşamı derinden etkileyen doğa ve insan kaynaklı meydana gelen olaylardır. Bu açıdan afetler bireyleri, kurumları, eşyayı ve doğayı etkileyip yıkıma neden olabilmektedir. Türkiye; yer, atmosfer kökenli ve biyolojik faktörlerden kaynaklanan birçok afet olayını yaşayan ve gerekli önlemler alınmadığı takdirde gelecekte de bu durumlarla karşılaşabilecek doğal çevre koşullarına sahip bir ülkedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, içerisinde bulunduğumuz Covid-19 sürecinde bireylerin afet ve biyolojik afetlere yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu durum doğru bir şekilde belirlenebilirse tabana yayılan, toplumun her kesiminde paydaşların olduğu başarılı bir afet yönetim süreci gerçekleştirilebilir. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni ile tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunda uygun örnekleme stratejisine göre belirlenen 157 katılımcı yer almakta olup araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, NVİVO 11 nitel veri analiz programı ile çözümlenmiştir. Görüşmeler sonucunda Türkiye’de afet denilince ilk akla gelen olayın depremler olduğu, Covid-19’un afet olarak değerlendirilmediği ve öne çıkan afet olgusunun bölgesel olarak da değiştiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın afet yönetimine yönelik sonucu ise klasik yöntemler yerine günümüzde oldukça yaygınlaşan internet, televizyon gibi kitle iletişim araçlarının daha yaygın ve etkin kullanılmasının gerekliliğidir.
İNOVASYON, DESTEK, SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK: TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİ VE TARIM
Authors: ŞENOL Celal
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada, sürdürülebilir ekonomi ekseninde tarımsal kalkınma için yapılan yeniliklerin (inovasyon) politik ve uygulayıcı faktörler odağında değerlendirilmesi yapılarak yenilik ve değişikliklerin tarımın büyümesini artırıp artırmayacağı üzerinde durulacaktır. Türkiye’de tarımsal sübvansiyonlar bölgeler arasında ürün deseninden dolayı farklılık göstermektedir. Devlet politikasına dönüşmüş desteklerin asıl amacı sürdürülebilir kalkınması esasına dayanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda sonuca ulaşabilmek için tarımsal ürün fiyat endeksi, tarımsal destek miktarı, tarımsal girdi fiyatları, çalışan kişi sayısı ve üretilen ürün miktarı birlikte değerlendirilecektir. Bu şekilde sosyo-ekonomik ve çevresel açıdan sürdürülebilirlik ve uygulanabilirlik endeksi ortaya çıkarılacaktır.
Тенденція дослідження та перспектива викладання балу Ігри в шкільній освіті в Японії
Authors: Сузукі Осаму
Published: May 2021

Анотація. В освітніх рекомендаціях в Японії класифікація ігор з м’ячем ділиться на «гол-тип», «мережевий», «бейсбольний» тощо, і рекомендації фокусуються на «розумінні ігор». Однак результати не досягають інтелектуального «дедуктивного» рівня. Автор пропонує шлях для розуміння значущості процесу розвитку в конкурентній боротьбі, представляючи концептуальну схему, засновану на дослідженні теорії ігрової структури. Результати цього дослідження сприятимуть проведенню уроків фізичної культури, де можна створювати і грати «перед нами, тут і зараз». Для вирішення нових завдань Міністерство освіти, культури, спорту, науки та технологій Японії готує національну навчальну програму для шкіл та переглядає її приблизно раз на 10 років, починаючи з кінця Другої світової війни. Мета. Створення і впровадження в уроки фізичної культури ігрового методу. Результати. У навчальних рекомендаціях зміст, що розглядається в навчальній програмі з фізичного виховання, організований багатовекторно. При цьому, оскільки кількість навчальних годин, призначених для фізичного виховання, не перевищує кількості годин інших навчальних предметів протягом шкільного освітнього періоду, неможливо охопити всі види фізичної активності на уроках фізичної культури, та залучити тренера для кожного виду спорту. Незважаючи на це, ігри з видів спорту з подібними характеристиками згруповані разом, а деякі види беруться за прототип та практикуються в кожній групі.

Ключові слова: ігри з м’ячем, адаптовані ігри, інтелектуальні спортивні ігри.
Інноваційні підходи до удосконалення освітнього процесу майбутніх фахівців з фізичної культури і спорту
Authors: Бишевець Наталія , Гончарова Наталія , Родіоненко Михайло
Published: May 2021

Анотація. Встановлено, що впровадження оптимізаційних завдань у зміст підготовки студентів закладів вищої освіти (ЗВО) з фізичної культури і спорту сприяє підвищенню наукового й прикладного потенціалу освіти й забезпечує її професійну спрямованість. Водночас формування навичок комп’ютерного моделювання, дозволяє підвищити рівень ІТ-компетентності. Мета. Окреслити шляхи вдосконалення електронного дидактичного забезпечення, в процесі формування навичок комп’ютерного моделювання майбутніх фахівців з фізичної культури і спорту. Методи. Аналіз науково-методичної літератури та ресурсів мережі Інтернет, контент-аналіз, систематизація, соціологічні, педагогічні методи, методи математичної статистики. Результати. Представлено результати опитування 188 студентів після впровадження циклу оптимізаційних завдань у практику підготовки майбутніх фахівців з фізичного виховання і спорту під час вивчення дисципліни «Інформатика та інформаційні технології у фізичній культурі і спорті». Встановлено, що за рівнями ставлення до застосування інформаційних технологій під час вирішення професійно орієнтованих завдань майбутні фахівці з фізичної культури і спорту розподіляються на чотири підгрупи: високого, достатнього, середнього і початкового рівнів. Доведено, що для визначення шляхів удосконалення електронного дидактичного матеріалу й, відтак, успішного формування у студентів навичок комп’ютерного моделювання, необхідно покладатися на думку студентів із високим та достатнім рівнями ставлення до вирішення професійно орієнтованих завдань засобами інформаційних технологій. За допомогою дискримінантного аналізу здійснено й науково обґрунтовано розподіл респондентів на групи. Установлено основні складнощі, що виникають під час вирішення оптимізаційних задач, серед яких відсутність досвіду, недостатність теоретичних відомостей, а також необхідність докладати значні інтелектуальні зусилля. Визначено, що для подолання проблем у сприйнятті навчального матеріалу варто сконцентруватися на удосконаленні електронного дидактичного забезпечення. Основну увагу слід приділити досвіду застосування інографіки як ефективного засобу візуальної комунікації.

Ключові слова: студент, навчання, інформаційні технології, оптимізаційні завдання, електронне дидактичне забезпечення.