bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional-expressive means of language in the written speech of teens: psychological-pedagogical aspect (Based on the material of Russian as a native language)
Authors:   Psychological  Institute  of  Russian  Academy of Education, Bozhovich Elena D.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the conditions and factors of pupils’ use of emotional- expressive means of language in written speech in grades V, VII, VIII. Using empirical evidence, the types and amount of these means in the compositions of pupils on a given topic are registered. We have identified the learning conditions and psychological factors that influence the age and individual differences in this aspect of stylistic design of the essays by teenage students. It has been established that they use a wide range of expressive means of the text, but the differences in their choice and quantity in the texts of written works depend on three factors: organizational conditions of school education, stage of adolescence and gender of the subjects. It has been revealed that the most influential factor among the conditions of the teaching process is the mixed sex/separate education of boys and girls. The effect of this factor is clearest at the age of 13 – 14 (8th grade). Prior to this period, the trend of gender differences in the emotionality of the written speech of adolescents is not detected. There has been revealed a statistical relationship between the development of imagination in adolescents and the emotional coloring of their texts in their essays. It was detected via the analysis of how some personal and cognitive characteristics of schoolchildren influence their use of the above means in the written speech. Emotionality as a personal and/or characteristic quality does not actually determine the use of emotionally expressive means of language.
Gender, Grammar and Discourse: the Case of German
Authors:   Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, Doleschal Ursula
Published: October 2021

In this article, we try to show how the discourse about grammatical and natural gender has changed over time starting with grammars from the 16th and 17th century, where we find a neutral and symmetric presentation of the genders, through the 18th and 19th centuries, when this discourse radically changes, up to the end of the 20th century, where we again reach a neutral presentation which is less symmetrical, though.
RE-EXPERIENCING AS A SYMPTOM OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
Authors:   Institute of Cognitive Modeling, Subbota Spartak
Published: October 2021

The article shows that intrusive reexperiencing is one of key symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that can be manifestedin various forms, for example, intrusive ideas and images, nightmares, flashbacks, stress, physiological reactions and so on. Researchers mostly agree that symptom of re-experiencing is related to methods of coding traumatic memories, storing them in one’s memory and extraction. Pattern of selective identification of elements related to the traumatic event and strong emotional reaction on these triggers looks like a normal adaptive reaction soon after the trauma, as a person needs to re-estimate safety of his/her own environment. Many people recover relatively quickly, working with the trauma alone or with the help of a psychotherapist, in particular through the processes of establishment of autobiographic memories about the event of the trauma as well as its proximal context, both temporal and situational. These people further notice that triggers work as signals of false alarm, and that actually they do not signal about any immediate danger. However for some patients reexperiencing can still remain: if a person can’t place traumatic memories within corresponding context of time and place (for example, when working with memories alone or at least without professional help) with periodical memory updates using trauma-related information, then intrusive re-experiencing works as a trigger reaction remains quite working psychological mechanism. It is proven that it is important to take into account features of both conscious and involuntary memories when describingpost-traumatic memories among PTSD patients. It is shown that key elements of traumatic experience are memorized best of all, and details are remembered worse and less detailed. Although such tendency is consistentwith posttraumatic narratives from patients with PTSD, it however lacks to explain maintenance of symptom of repeated experiencing; warning signals hypothesis, in our opinion, shows the best explanatory potential in this case. Moreover, problems with the conscious remembering of the traumatic experiencing also promote attention to problems with adequate estimations of trauma in general, and consequently are important for professional understanding of abnormal psychology of PTSD.
PSYCHOCORRECTIONAL PROBLEMS OF EMOTIONAL STATES OF ELDERLY WOMEN WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors:   H.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology, the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Oniskovets Bogdana
Published: October 2021

The article considers the method of development and implementation of a comprehensive program of psychocorrection of emotional states of elderly women with cardiovascular diseases. The basic provisions of the program, the list and sequence of actions taking into account the certain components of psychoemotional states of patients with cardiovascular diseases are substantiated. The main components of the psycho-emotional state of elderly women with cardiovascular diseases, which consist of a set of psychophysiological factors, including: the specifics of emotionally negative states: anxiety, depression, asthenia, hostility; clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases and concomitant changes in the psycho-emotional sphere; personality traits, including aggression, anxiety, neuroticism and depression in the structure of personal characteristics. An important pathogenetic role in depression is assigned to increase the activity of the sympathetic - adrenal system, which leads to increased heart rate, blood pressure, myocardial contractility and, accordingly, myocardial oxygen consumption, which leads to cardiovascular disease. Depression also revealed a decrease in vagal activity. It was determined that elderly women with cardiovascular disease are characterized by high levels of anxiety, as well as pronounced manifestations of anxiety and depression. The main idea of ​​the proposed comprehensive program of psychocorrection was the following statement: the established components of the psycho-emotional state of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease can purposefully influence the pathogenetic factors of their development and reduce their level through special psychocorrectional and psychoprophylactic measures. features. The main goal of psychocorrection of elderly women with cardiovascular diseases was based on systemic and genetic modeling approaches and is to maintain physical and mental status. The following components were included in the complex program: methodological, methodical and system. The set of psychocorrection measures consisted of 3 blocks that had different goals and content: pedagogical, block to improve the psycho-emotional characteristics of the individual, block to improve physical condition, increase endurance and efficiency. Game therapy, art therapy and body-oriented therapy were used to achieve psycho-correctional goals of emotional states. According to the formative experiment, the impact on such psycho-emotional characteristics as anxiety - 30%; depression - 38%; asthenia - 42%; hostility - 60%, which proves the effectiveness of the technique.
RESEARCH OF FEATURES OF EDUCATIONAL-AND-PROFESSIONAL MINDSET IN THE STRUCTURE OF PROFESSIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia national university, Shevchenko Nataliia
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the presentation of the results of an empirical research of educational-and-professional mindset in the structure of professional consciousness of students. The specificity and the structural organization of the educational-and-professional mindset of students have been shown. A review of scientific literature has allowed to define educational-and-professional mindset as a multilevel motivational-semantic entity that appears as an individual willingness to perceive activity and make it properly; it permeates all aspects of the formation of the professional activity from professional consciousness and self-awareness up to action or deed. We have grounded a place of educational-and-professional mindset in the structure of professional consciousness. As a component of professional consciousness, educational-and-professional mindset is shown in the personal sense. As a kind of semantic mindset, it is updated by the motives of professional activity and appears as a form of personal expression of readiness to professional activity in general. Structural organization of educational and professional mindset includes the following components: professional-cognitive (goal setting, challenges in the future work), emotional (assessment of training for professional activity), subjective (involvement of students in the educational and professional activities), cognitive-personal (students’ representation of professionally significant personal qualities). The sample of respondents consisted of higher education students of various profiles – humanitarian (specialty “Psychology”) and natural sciences (specialty “Biology” and “Chemistry”). The results of the empirical research have revealed that psychological characteristics of the content of educational and professional mindset is partially determined by the education profile, and in part are common. The differences in the severity of the components of educational and professional mindset concern cognitive-professional component (professional goal setting); emotional component (professional expectations); cognitive and personality component (self-assessment of own negative qualities); subjective component (lack of time, lack of interest in the learning process, a lack of understanding of educational material).
A RESEARCH OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE CORPOREALITY OF YOUNG WOMEN IN THE CONTEXT OF PHENOMENOLOGY
Authors:   Institute of Personnel Training of the State Employment Service of Ukraine, Kalyuzhna Eugenia , Savchenko Nina ,   Institute of Personnel Training of the State Employment Service of Ukraine
Published: October 2021

The article offers the results of an experimental study of the psychological characteristics of the corporeality of young women by the phenomenological method. The properties of a woman's consciousness as her phenomenological experience are substantiated. Sensory cognition has been shown to be a true form of cognition, but consciousness interprets phenomena, and phenomenological experience is possible only through reflection specifically aimed at personal subjective experience. It is established that physical experience allows a woman to understand the environment, to integrate into it. The objectives of the study were to determine indicators of psychosomatic potential, competencies of verbalization of the bodily self and the locus of bodily control of young women; generalization of indicators of types of self-awareness and self-reflection of bodily potential of young women. It was found that the sample consisted of women who did not have serious mental disorders, so the mental ability to see in the body the cause and effect of events in the internal and external space of man for these women is quite developed. The positive values ​​of self-awareness and self-reflection of the bodily potential of young women confirmed the positive emotional tone. Such psychological features of corporeality in young women in the context of phenomenology as: indicators of psychosomatic potential, competence of verbalization of bodily self and locus of bodily control, types of self-awareness and self-reflection of bodily potential are determined. The results of the study allowed us to state that the conformal type of self-reflection of bodily potential prevails among women and it can be argued that women aged 20 to 35 years are characterized by an insufficient level of self-reflection of bodily potential. In the future it is necessary to investigate the deep psychological conditionality of physicality in young women.
PSYCHOANALYTIC MANNER AND ITS RELATION TO THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Ukrainian Catholic University, Kechur Roman , Yaskevych Olha ,   Ukrainian Catholic University, Turezka Khrystyna ,   Ukrainian Catholic University
Published: October 2021

This research continues the methodological discussion between psychoanalytically-oriented therapists and their colleagues, who understand the point, the process and the influence of psychotherapy through a CBT-oriented lens. The central point of research is the question of connections between psychoanalysis and literature, or even, of psychoanalysis itself as a kind of literature. The key features of a psychoanalysts mode of thinking is to be found in the plane of aesthetics. It is proposed, that, unlike a CB-therapist, who mainly goes by the rational principles of cognition, a psychoanalyst is prone to experience the reality of psychotherapy in terms of literary aesthetics, and their attempts to verbalize their understanding of the patient is based on a literary perspective. There exists certain similarity between a writers work, as he tries to embody an imaginary character onto a page, and an analysts work, as he tries to incorporate his analytic intuition into a psychodynamic hypothesis and create a psychological portrait of the patient. Thus, the article is focused on the empirical exploration of therapeutic texts, made by therapists based on viewing an unstructured first-session interview, executed by therapists with different levels of psychotherapeutic education, experience and predisposition to psychoanalytic thinking. (For measuring said predisposition an adaptation of the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale(CPPS) has been carried out, its inner coherence and diagnostic validity have been established. The results of simultaneous independent criterion-based analysis of the produced texts by literary experts and psychoanalytic supervisors have shown, that the literary aesthetic is an a priory feature of the descriptions of psychoanalysts, and the more so, the higher the analysts therapeutic quality. This does not so much concern the artistic value of the descriptions, but the artistic taste: the ability to distinguish kitsch and artistic form, and the ability to integrate them into new gestalts on basis of sensual harmony. Thus, the evidence supports the claim, that artistic taste is a fundamental feature of a psychoanalysts therapeutic cognition. It is particularly the aesthetic ability of the analyst, which allows for the specific non-goal-oriented approach to his therapeutic influence, which gives room to the development of the true Self according to Winnicott, and further separates the therapeutic process from the goal-oriented therapeutic learning. Thus it is concluded, that the analytic process from the position of aesthetics may fall under the risk of devolving into forms of kitsch practices.
TOLERANCE AS A MANIFESTATION OF INDIFFERENCE
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chuyko Halyna , Zvarych Igor ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chaplak Yan ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the understanding of the phenomenon of tolerance in psychology and the determination of the characteristics and probable reasons for the manifestation of such a form as tolerance of indifference, which is currently the most widespread in the world, according to the authors of this article. It is stated that there are a lot of different interpretations of the concept of tolerance in the scientific literature and they continue with an awareness of the complexity, multidimensionality and dynamic nature of this phenomenon, however, instead of identifying what unites them, which is common for the definition of tolerance, scientists are focused on attempts to offer their own, more a good understanding of it, different from the existing ones. And this actually means the absence in science of the exact meaning of this word, as well as an understanding of what exactly, what psychological phenomenon it means. And the attempts of scientists to distinguish this concept from the concept of tolerance in no way facilitate the solution of the situation. It is suggested that tolerance and intolerance should not be opposed in the context of a "positive-negative" attitude, since these concepts are not mutually exclusive, and the manifestation of intolerance under certain circumstances can be a moral phenomenon, in contrast to tolerance. It is noted that the biggest problem and still unresolved issue of the psychology of tolerance is the definition of the boundaries of manifestation of tolerance, tolerant attitude towards another person and his actions. It is concluded that the limit of the manifestation of a tolerant attitude is violation / neglect of other norms of universal human morality; that in the modern world, tolerance is not always actively manifested, more often the tolerance of indifference dominates. And it is precisely this manifestation of tolerance that has a long history (philosophical and religious), which serves as a serious basis for modern manifestations of tolerance as indifference. Tolerance of indifference is a manifestation of a stable, not always conscious, indifferent attitude to various issues of human existence, which excludes both a person's assessment of the current situation and taking responsibility for its development. The tolerance of indifference was inherited by the post-Soviet countries from totalitarianism, but the modern information society, in part, involuntarily cultivates just this kind of tolerance, gradually leveling the axiological significance of a person's moral and existential values.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION OF PRECINCT OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Shvets Dmytro , Barko Vadym ,   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Boiko-Buzyl Yuliia ,   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs
Published: October 2021

The article highlights the results of the study of psychological features of interpersonal interaction of district officers of the National Police of Ukraine. A district police officer, like every police officer, in the process of professional activity performs important law enforcement functions to ensure security, respect for rights and freedoms, on the basis of partnership and police care, so close contact with citizens and colleagues, so his communicative potential depends on the success of official tasks. The ability to communicate with people, establish psychological contact, overcome barriers to communication, listen, listen and hear, answer questions, influence, provide and obtain the necessary information, etc., determine not only the quality of work of a police officer in general, but also efficiency activities of the National Police of Ukraine in general. The presented study of interpersonal communication of police officers is based on the use of two recognized psychodiagnostic methods, namely the interrogation questionnaire for interpersonal interaction T. Leary and the abbreviated version of the questionnaire of the Big Five in the adaptation of O. John, L. Naumann, S. Soto. In general, the selected questionnaires allowed to determine the professional features of communication of district police officers in the vectors of extroversion and introversion, friendliness and aggression, dominance and dependence. The profile of a district police officer has been found to combine wall and hyposthenic characteristics, allowing them to combine stern, masculine traits and patterns of behavior in interpersonal relationships with milder, emotionally benevolent manifestations. Personal characteristics such as honesty, extroversion, moderate flexibility, openness to new experiences, low levels of neuroticism indicate that district police officers tend to have a mixed type of response in the process of interpersonal interaction. It has been proven that the use of questionnaires provides an objective and comprehensive description of the style of interpersonal behavior of police officers, which will improve the quality of professional selection of police officers, increase the efficiency of teamwork and increase public confidence in the police.
IMPACT COVID-19 QUARANTINE ON THE VALUE OF HEALTH
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Morozova-Larina Olha , Kazakov Stanislav ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Halilova Mavile ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: October 2021

The article presents the scientific-practical study on the transformation of the value of health in the situation of quarantine restrictions. The empirical study on manifestations of a health-care postponing mechanism in the context of the experienced value of health during the coronavirus pandemic is presented. The article describes the training for personal development, developed on the basis of the performed study, aimed at prioritizing health in the system of personal values; the results of its approbation are given. The training for personal development has been tested and has shown its effectiveness and efficiency. The factors influencing manifestations of health care procrastination during quarantine restrictions and self-isolation have been identified and analyzed. The study identified factors that have a strong influence on the practical aspect of health consciousness, namely: psychological well-being, locus of control, and the emotional aspect of health consciousness. Currently, social isolation is one of the most important social changes. An important construct of the value of health is psychological well-being, which is defined as the attitude and assessment of a person’s own mental state. An individual’s psychological-emotional state in the epidemiological situation depends on individual characteristics, external circumstances and the chosen strategy in the uncertain conditions. The psychological phenomenon of procrastination is inevitably manifested in the health area under conditions of quarantine restrictions. The study results and the identified trends as for the value of health during the quarantine have confirmed the need for work aimed at creating theoretical and empirical models to get ideas about the real health state of representatives of various social groups, as well as the introduction of trainings aimed at forming an individual’s positive attitude to their own health and adequate protective strategies that help relieve psychological stress during the quarantine.
Breed and productive qualities of camels Kamytsky Bactrian in the non-public joint-stock company breeding plant «Kirovsky» of the Yashkulsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B.B.Gorodovikov, Natyrov A.K. , Dyusegaliev M.G. ,   Atyrau University named after H. Dosmuchamedov, Moroz N.N. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B.Gorodovikov, Bolaev B.K. ,   Kalmyk scientific research agriculture, forestry and reclamation station –  branch of center of agricultural ecology of the Russian academy of sciences
Published: October 2021

Aim. The study of the breed and productive qualities of Kalmyk Bactrian camels in the Kirovsky Research Center of the Republic of Kalmykia. Materials and Methods. The main studies were carried out on producing servicing borax and camelomatki. Camels were kept, year-round feeding with concentrated feeds was carried out on the pasture in winter, the young animals were also fed. The analysis of zootechnical accounting was carried out using the materials of the annual appraisal of breeding animals of the Kalmyk Bactrian breed. Comparison of servicing borax and camelomatki of the Kalmyk breed was carried out taking into account a visual assessment, taking measurements according to the existing classical zootechnical methods. The assessment of the growth rate of animals was carried out on the basis of indicators of live weight. Wool productivity is determined by the haircut. Results. Based on the conducted studies, it was revealed that the number of Kalmyk Bactrian camels currently in the Kirovsky Autonomous Area of the Republic of Kalmykia is 380 heads, including 290 heads of camels. The analysis of structural changes in the herd and class composition showed that according to the class composition, the specific weight of elite class camels was 62.3%, class I – 37.7%. The hair cut ranges from 3800 g to 6500 g in males and from 3600 to 6200 g in females. Conclusion. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that the entire herd of camels of the Kalmyk breed of the NAO PZ “Kirovsky” is purebred. The study of the class composition of the herd indicates the high breeding qualities of the bred camels. The data of wool productivity indicate a high quality and quantity of wool.
The effectiveness of the use of natural mineral feed additives in the cultivation of young sheep
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Ubushaev B.S. , Natyrov A.K. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Salaev B.K. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Moroz N.N. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Kugultinova D.A. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov
Published: October 2021

Aim. The effectiveness of the use of the mineral feed additive bischofit in the diets of young sheep in the South of Russia at various doses and its impact on the productive qualities of young sheep. Materials and Methods. The material for conducting the experiment in this household was the livestock of sheep of the Grozny breed on fattening. The sheep of the control group received a basic household diet, the I experimental group received 5 ml of bischofite per head per day in addition to the main diet, the II experimental group received 8 ml of feed additive. Classical zootechnical methods were used in the process of work, including wool yield and physical and technological properties were studied individually in 3 experimental animals from each group according to the VNIIOK method. The research materials were processed by the methods of variation statistics using the Microsoft Office software package. Results. Young sheep from the I experimental group, who received bischofite at 5 ml / head per day, were 9.4% more in live weight than in the control group. Young sheep that received 5 ml of feed additive had the best meat index, and exceeded the control group in terms of pulp yield by 12.5%. The maximum deviation from the average value of the cut of pure wool in the upward direction (110.6%) was observed in I experimental group. The most durable wool of 7.24 sN / tex is found in the group that received the bischofit feed additive as part of the main diet. Conclusion. To compensate for the lack of mineral substances of the natural and environmentally safe feed additive bischofit at a dose of 5 ml / head per day, it changes the metabolic reactions in the body in a positive way, which is confirmed by an increase in the growth of live weight and wool productivity.
Consistent risk management in a changing world: risk equivalence in fisheries and other human activities affecting marine resources and ecosystems
Authors: Roux Marie-Julie , Duplisea Daniel E , Hunter Karen , Rice Jake
Published: October 2021

This manuscript addresses the need to account for climate change in the management of human activities affecting marine resources and ecosystems. A changing climate makes the evaluation of human impacts on natural systems increasingly uncertain, and affects the risks associated with management decisions. A flexible approach is proposed that involves routine formulation of alternative hypotheses for climate effects and exploration of risk equivalent management options that allow human activities to continue within acceptable risk levels despite shifting or novel conditions. The approach fits within existing risk frameworks and is applicable in all data and knowledge situations where management objectives are specified. Risk equivalence can be achieved either by conditioning the exposure to human pressures on demonstrated, anticipated or projected environmental change, or by conditioning the objectives themselves on a new environmental reality. We exemplify risk equivalence in fisheries management and discuss its applicability to the management of other human activities. Concepts of risk and risk conditioning factors provide a common language and understanding for the inclusion and communication of environmental considerations in management advice. The approach can guide robust and accountable decision-making in a changing world, and facilitate the implementation of ecosystem-based management.
An Empirical Investigation on the Influence of Temporal Distance on the Acceptance of Innovations - Using the Example of Urban Air Mobility
Authors: Bagratuni Mikael
Published: October 2021

Upon reviewing different approaches to explain the acceptance of innovations, it becomes apparent that the temporal proximity or distance of innovations, the possible effects of which could be neglected, are not considered sufficiently. The question is whether the influence on the acceptance can be observed by high or low temporal distance. This assumption is motivated by the implications of the Construal Level Theory, which suggests such an influence of temporal proximity or distance of an event on the evaluation. The concept of Urban Air Mobility was used as an example of application. To test this assumption, the participants (N = 369) of an online survey were confronted with a temporally close or distant condition and asked to complete a questionnaire designed on the basis of UTAUT2 and other measurement aspects. The results showed that the different conditions had an influence on the time estimation of the participants. Furthermore a significant influence of the moderating effect of the time distance could be determined for the factor safety concerns.
Attitudes towards science during the COVID-19 pandemic: A psychological network approach
Authors: Wingen Tobias , Lecuona Oscar , Dohle Simone
Published: October 2021

A better understanding of the public attitude towards science could be crucial to tackle the spread of mis- and disinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. We here contribute to this understanding by conceptualizing and analyzing the attitude toward science as a psychological network. For this analysis, we utilized data from a German probability sample (N = 1,009), the “Science Barometer”, collected during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, our network analysis revealed that especially the perceived value of science for curbing the pandemic is central to the attitude towards science. Beliefs about this value are related to trust in science and trust in scientific information and to positive and negative evaluations of scientific controversy and complexity. Further, valuing common sense over science was related to seeking less scientific information on official websites, suggesting that this belief, in particular, may drive mis- and disinformation and could be a promising target for interventions. Finally, we found no evidence that seeking scientific information on social media had detrimental consequences for the attitude towards science. Implications for health communication and science communication, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
Systems-thinking for environmental policy coherence: Stakeholder knowledge, fuzzy logic, and causal reasoning
Authors: Castro Cyndi
Published: October 2021

Environmental policies are often chosen according to physical characteristics that disregard the complex interactions between decision-makers, society, and nature. Environmental policy resistance has been identified as stemming from such complexities, yet we lack an understanding of how social and physical factors interrelate to inform policy design. The identification of synergies and trade-offs among various management strategies is necessary to generate optimal results from limited institutional resources. Participatory modeling has been used within the environmental community to aid decision-making by bringing together diverse stakeholders and defining their shared understanding of complex systems, which are commonly depicted by causal feedbacks. While such approaches have increased awareness of system complexity, causal diagrams often result in numerous feedback loops that are difficult to disentangle without further, data-intensive modeling. When investigating the complexities of human decision-making, we often lack robust empirical datasets to quantify human behavior and environmental feedbacks. Fuzzy logic may be used to convert qualitative relationships into semi-quantitative representations for numerical simulation. However, sole reliance upon computer-simulated outputs may obscure our understanding of the underlying system dynamics. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present and demonstrate a mixed-methods approach for better understanding: 1) how the system will respond to unique management strategies, in terms of policy synergies and conflicts, and 2) why the system behaves as such, according to causal feedbacks embedded within the system dynamics. This framework is demonstrated through a case study of nature-based solutions and policymaking in Houston, Texas, USA.
Data-Driven Model Updating of an Offshore Wind Jacket Substructure
Authors: Augustyn Dawid , Ulriksen Martin Dalgaard
Published: October 2021

The present paper provides a model updating application study concerning the jacket substructure of an o?shore wind turbine. Theupdating is resolved in a sensitivity-based parameter estimation setting, where a cost function expressing the discrepancy betweenexperimentally obtained modal parameters and model-predicted ones is minimized. The modal parameters of the physical systemare estimated through stochastic subspace identification (SSI) applied to vibration data captured for idling and operational states ofthe turbine. From a theoretical outset, the identification approach relies on the system being linear and time-invariant (LTI) and theinput white noise random processes; criteria which are violated in this application due to sources such as operational variability, theturbine controller, and non-linear damping. Consequently, particular attention is given to assess the feasibility of extracting modalparameters through SSI under the prevailing conditions and subsequently using these parameters for model updating. On this basis,it is deemed necessary to disregard the operational turbine states—which severely promote non-linear and time-variant structuralbehaviour and, as such, imprecise parameter estimation results—and conduct the model updating based on modal parametersextracted solely from the idling state. The uncertainties associated with the modal parameter estimates and the model parameters tobe updated are outlined and included in the updating procedure using weighting matrices in the sensitivity-based formulation. Byconducting the model updating based on in-situ data harvested from the jacket substructure during idling conditions, the maximumeigenfrequency deviation between the experimental estimates and the model-predicted ones is reduced from 30% to 1%.
Federated Space Systems Tradespace Exploration for Strategic Robustness
Authors: Stern Jordan L , Grogan Paul T.
Published: October 2021

Motivated by the growth of the commercial space economy and renewed focus on the disaggregation of military space systems, this work develops a method for conceptual design of federated satellite systems as a collaborative system-of-systems (SoS). Objectives seek to improve the likelihood of successful SoS formation and pursue constituent system utility robustness. The proposed metaheuristic optimization tradespace exploration method accounts for technical and economic design variables and multi-decision maker strategy dynamics. Constituent system designs are ranked on their simulated net present value. A game-theoretic measure of risk dominance is used in concert with net present value to assess robustness and utility of candidate SoS designs. The method is validated with a notional application case that assesses potential collaboration between Earth observing and telecommunications systems. Results demonstrate a fundamental trade between system efficiency and robustness and highlight the importance of accounting for strategy dynamics when designing systems for collaboration.
How much is a cow like a meow? A novel database of human judgements of audiovisual semantic relatedness
Authors: Wegner-Clemens Kira , Malcolm George Law , Shomstein Sarah
Published: October 2021

Semantic information about objects, events, and scenes influences how humans perceive, interact with, and navigate the world. Most evidence in support of semantic influence on cognition has been garnered from research conducted with an isolated modality (e.g., vision, audition). However, the influence of semantic information has not yet been extensively studied in multisensory environments potentially because of the difficulty in quantification of semantic relatedness. Past studies have primary relied on either a simplified binary classification of semantic relatedness based on category or on algorithmic values based on text corpora rather than human perceptual experience and judgement. With the aim to accelerate research into multisensory semantics, we created a constrained audiovisual stimulus set and derived similarity ratings between items within three categories (animals, instruments, household items). A set of 140 participants provided similarity judgments between sounds and images. Participants either heard a sound (e.g., a meow) and judged which of two pictures of objects (e.g., a picture of a dog and a duck) it was more similar to, or saw a picture (e.g., a picture of a duck) and selected which of two sounds it was more similar to (e.g., a bark or a meow). Judgements were then used to calculate similarity values of any given cross-modal pair. The derived and reported similarity judgements reflect a range of semantic similarities across three categories and items, and highlight similarities and differences among similarity judgments between modalities. We make the derived similarity values available in a database format to the research community to be used as a measure of semantic relatedness in cognitive psychology experiments, enabling more robust studies of semantics in audiovisual environments.
Changing the Conversation: A Culturally Responsive Perspective on Executive Functions, Minoritized Children and Their Families
Authors: Miller-Cotto Dana , Smith Leann V. , Ribner Andrew David , Wang Aubrey H
Published: October 2021

Executive functions remain one of the most investigated variables in both cognitive science and in education given its high correlation with numerous academic outcomes. Differences in executive function skills between children from higher socioeconomic and lower socioeconomic homes, as well as children from different racial/ethnic backgrounds, are often attributed to the quality of their environment and family resources. The goal of this essay is to highlight commonly held beliefs about executive functions in the field and provide alternative explanations for existing research findings for minoritized children and their families. We provide a summary of the literature on executive functions, how it’s often measured, how it develops, and how we might view research findings differently with greater knowledge of the groups we are studying.
Finding a positive me: Affective and neural insights into the challenges of positive autobiographical memory reliving in borderline personality disorder
Authors: van Schie Charlotte C , Chiu Chui-De , Rombouts Serge , Heiser Willem J. , Elzinga Bernet M.
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) can benefit from reliving positive autobiographical memories in terms of mood and state self-esteem and elucidate the neural processes supporting optimal memory reliving. Particularly the role of vividness and brain areas involved in autonoetic consciousness were studied, as key factors involved in improving mood and state self-esteem by positive memory reliving.MethodsWomen with BPD (N = 25), Healthy Controls (HC, N = 33) and controls with Low Self-Esteem (LSE, N = 22) relived four neutral and four positive autobiographical memories in an MRI scanner. After reliving each memory mood and vividness was rated. State self-esteem was assessed before and after the Reliving Autobiographical Memories (RAM) task.ResultsOverall, mood and state self-esteem were lower in participants with BPD compared to HC and LSE, but both the BPD and LSE group improved significantly after positive memory reliving. Moreover, participants with BPD indicated that they relived their memories with less vividness than HC but not LSE, regardless of valence. When reliving (vs reading) memories, participants with BPD showed increased precuneus and lingual gyrus activation compared to HC but not LSE, which was inversely related to vividness.DiscussionWomen with BPD seem to experience more challenges in reliving neutral and positive autobiographical memories with lower vividness and less deactivated precuneus potentially indicating altered autonoetic consciousness. Nevertheless, participants with BPD do benefit in mood and self-esteem from reliving positive memories. These findings underline the potential of positive autobiographical memory reliving and suggest that interventions may be further shaped to improve mood and strengthen self-views in people with BPD.
Mixed Reactions to Multicultural (vs. Colorblind) Diversity Approach Signals: A Lay Theories of Culture Perspective
Authors: Kung Franki Y. H. , Brienza Justin Peter , Chao Melody Manchi
Published: October 2021

Despite its popularity, signaling a multicultural approach to racial-ethnic diversity is often faced with both positive and negative reactions. In this article, we sought insights into what may contribute to the mixed reactions and why. Drawing on social categorization theories and mindset research, we proposed that an underexplored factor influencing stakeholders’ reactions to organizations’ diversity approach was their lay theories or mindsets of culture. Specifically, we argued that those who believe that racial-ethnic groups represent unchangeable deep-seated essences—a fixed (vs. malleable) cultural mindset—would react negatively toward the intergroup differentiations and comparisons evoked by multicultural approach signals. Three experiments manipulated organizational diversity approach signals. Results consistently showed that a fixed cultural mindset was negatively related to organizational attraction (Studies 1 and 2) and support for diversity promoting policies (Study 3) in reaction to a multicultural (vs. colorblind) approach. In addition, Study 3 tested and showed that ethnocentrism, a self-protective mechanism, mediated the negative reactions. Together, the findings support lay theories of culture as a moderating factor that affects reactions toward a multicultural approach. Organizations should take individuals’ theories of culture into consideration in their efforts to maximize attraction and support for diversity.
Accommodating Heterogeneity: The Interaction of Instructional Scaffolding with Student Preconditions in the Learning of Hypothesis-Based Reasoning
Authors: Edelsbrunner Peter Adriaan , Grimm Hanna , Möller Kornelia
Published: October 2021

Hypothesis-based reasoning with conditionals is a skill that is required for engaging in integral activities of modern elementary school science-curricula. The teaching of this skill at this early stage of education, however, is demanding, particularly in whole school classes in which it is difficult to adapt teaching to children’s individual needs. We examine whether a scaffold that is static yet tailored to the context, in which the teacher explicitly models the reasoning process, manages to meet students’ individual cognitive preconditions for learning this skill. Within an inquiry-based learning setting, N = 143 third-graders underwent either an experimental condition in which they received the explicit scaffold, or a control condition in which they did not receive this specific scaffold. Employing a latent transition analysis and a general additive model, it is examined how the additional scaffold interacted with students’ prior knowledge, inhibition ability, and logical reasoning as judged by their own teachers. It is found that the additional scaffolds managed to meet the needs of students with little prior knowledge; under the control condition, students with little prior knowledge showed decreased learning achievement, whereas under the experimental condition, students with differing prior knowledge learned to comparable extent and on a higher level. The scaffolds also almost fully diminished a disadvantage for students with lower logical reasoning, and supported students with high inhibition ability in mastering the most difficult aspect of reasoning based on irrelevant evidence. Implications for science education are discussed.
Literature and Writing in Counseling dan Keterkaitannya dengan Teori Psikoanalisis
Authors: Oktisaputri Ella
Published: October 2021

Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling merupakan sebuah layanan yang dapat diberikan kepada seluruh orang yang membutuhkan bantuan, di dalam memberikan bantuan tersebut konselor harus dapat menerapkan strategi maupun teknik-teknik yang relevan bagi setiap individunya, terutama dengan terapi yang kreatif dan inovatif. Teknik-teknik ekspresif di dalam konseling memiliki berbagai macam jenis, salah satunya adalah Literature and Writing in Counseling atau dapat juga disebut sebagai expressive writing atau menulis ekspresif. Ada dua jenis terapi di dalam Expressive Writing Therapy yang umumnya digunakan, yaitu Biblioterapi dan Skriptoterapi. Biblioterapi merujuk pada terapi buku bacaan seperti kitab suci, novel buku sejarah biografi, buku bantuan diri, puisi dan lain-lain. Sedangkan Skriptoterapi merujuk pada proses terapi menulis seperti menggunakan buku harian, puisi, autobiografi, jurnal dan lain-lain.Menurut teori Psikoanalisa manusia mempunyai pikiran sadar (berhubungan dengan kesadaran terhadap dunia luar), pikiran pra-sadar (yang berisi kenangan-kenangan akan pengalaman yang tersembunyi atau terlupakan yang masih dapat diingat), dan pikiran bawah sadar (berisi naluri, kekuatan yang terpendam). Melalui Expressive Writing Therapy dapat membantu konseli mengingat aspek-aspek pengalaman tersebut melalui buku bacaan dan tulisan yang berkaitan erat dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh individu tersebut pada saat ini.
Infant and maternal engagement: A coding rubric for infant-mother free play analysis
Authors: Krol Kathleen Marie , Grossmann Tobias
Published: October 2021

This coding rubric was developed to assess 5-month-old infant free play interactions with their mothers.