bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of acute kidney injuries following chronic kidney disease: A systematic review in Nawaz Sharif kidney hospital Swat
Authors: Khan Rahmat Ali , Munib Syed , Shahzad Mohammad , Baleegh Mufti , Ali Liaqat , Zeb Jehan , Shahid Mohammad , Asif Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Background: Acute kidney injury may increase the risk for CKD and end-stage renal disease. In an attempt to summarize the literature and provide more compelling evidence, we conducted a systematic review comparing the  risk for CKD (chronic kidney disease), AKI (Acute kidney injury), Acute gastroententeritis, postnatal   AKI, Acute MI (myocardial infarction), AKI  2ndry to chemotherapy, AKI  2ndry to abstractive Nephropathy, AKI 2ndry to sepsis, AKI 2ndry to Drugs (NSAIDS and ARBS), AKI 2ndry to AGN (acute Glomerulonephritis), AKI 2ndry to Rhabdomyolysis, and lest AKI 2ndry to Malaria, death in patients with AKI,HD, CKD (chronic kidney disease). There have been several important developments in the literature recently regarding the association between acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). First, when the National Kidney Foundation promulgated their highly influential Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative CKD guidelines in 2002, six chapters were devoted to the complications associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) including hypertension, anemia, nutritional status, bone disease/disorders of calcium, and phosphorus metabolism, neuropathy

Objective: To study the outcomecute kidney injury following chronic kidney disease; systematic review. 

Methods: This was a prospective observational study from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients visiting department of Nephrology Nawaz Sharif Kidney center Swat, number of patients included study 351. All ages and both sexes were considered. Patients treated elsewhere or who has undergone in this study. Complete medical history, detailed examination like age, sex, diagnosis, and outcome, of AKI, examination under microscope and investigations, and necessary blood investigations were carried out.

Results: Three fifty one (351) patients were included in this study. The age distribution showed (75%) patients between 40-95 years and 25(25%) between 32-39 years. Mean age was 43 years with Standard Deviation of ± 35.66. Among 351 patients 162 (45%) patients were male and 189 (55%) patients were female. Duration of symptoms in 24(17%) was <4 months and 112(75%) had >4 months, with mean of 4 months and SD ± 2.315. Total 351 participants AKI 45(12%) postnatal AKI 33(9%) Acute MI 18(6%) AKI 2ndry chemotherapy 15(5.72%) AKI 2ndry to abstractive Nephropathy 55 (14%) AKI 2ndry to sepsis 63 (17%) AKI 2ndry to Drugs (NSAIDS and ARBS)   54 (14%) CKD (chronic kidney disease) 48 (15%) AKI 2ndry to Rhabdomylysis 18(6%)

Conclusions: The study concludes that the acute kidney injury following CKD systematic reviewing among patients presenting with AKI,CHD ,AKI sepsis, ,AKI Drugs(NSIAD)  in local hospital  settings This can be reduced with proper health education in general public regarding prevention of the disease and hence its complications.
CLINICAL AND PATHOGENESIS OVERVIEW OF MYROIDES SPP. INFECTION
Authors: MOHAMMAD Manal Kahlid , AJEEL Afrah Abdulridha , BAQER Batool Abd Al Ameer
Published: January 2022

The genus Myroides classified as Flavobacterium odoratum comprises non- motile ,aerobic, yellow –pigmented .They are non hemolytic on blood agar while it show a good growth on MacConkey and nutrient agar with salt tolerant up to 5% of NaCl also non fermented gram-negative rods .Members of the genus are cause many infectious disease in severely immunocompromised patient includes endocarditics urinary tract infection ,cuteneous infection ,and ventriculitis that behave as low grade opportunistic pathogens and widely distributed in the environment specially in water. Myroides spp. should be attribute among pathogens in hospitalized ,catheterized patients with wide resistant to antibiotic specially Minocycline is useful treating UTI caused by the genus . 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA) sequencing can identified accurately the species level .In this reviews which description of dangerous infection duo to by Myroides in an immunocompromise host ,moreover reviewed the antibiotic resistance and pathogenesis. Many species of the genus Myroides were primarily taking from intestine of human. The genus Myroides includes five species : M. odoratus. , M. pelagicus, M. profundi , M. odoratimimus and M. marinus , by susceptibility to desferrioxamine . M. profundi has produced a protease Myroilysin ,with characterized as playing a role in hydrolysis of collagen through collagenase production and elastinolytic activity displaying by metalloprotease and playing important role with collagenase for hydrolysis of collagen that proven virulence of genus.
EVALUATION OF GROWTH AND SEED YIELD OF TWO CULTIVARS OF FLAX
Authors: AL-HAIDARY Hanaa Khudhaier Mohammed Ali , AL-KHADER A.F.Abed
Published: January 2022

In this research, we have conducted an experimental study of the dusty plasma to the Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) dust material with a grain radius of (0.2) µm to (0.6) µm. In the experiment, we use air in the vacuum chamber system under different low pressure (0.1-0.8) Torr. The results have showed that the existence of dust particles in air plasma is equal to the Paschen minimum which is (0.4) Torr with Al2O3 dusty and without dust. The effect of Al2O3 dust particles on the plasma characteristics like floating potential (Vf), plasma potential (Vp), electron saturation current (Ies), temperature of the electron (Te), density of electron (ne) and density of ion (ni) of the DC system that can be calculated in the glow-discharge region. Parameter measurements are taken by four cylindrical probes which are diagnosed at a distance of (40) mm from the cathode diameter, the Paschen minimum at a pressure of (0.4) Torr. The plasma potential and the probe's floating voltage become more negative when dust is immersed in the plasma region. The features of these parameters show that the current discharge decreases while the discharge voltage increases when the aluminum oxide dust particles that are incorporated. And vice versa was in the absence of dust. Electron density increases in the existence of dust particles which causes the electron temperature to decrease.
LANGMUIR PROBE TO CHARACTERIZE THE DUST PLASMA OF ALUMINUM OXIDE (AL2O3) PRODUCED BY DC PLASMA SYSTEM
Authors: AHMED Ala F.
Published: January 2022

In this research, we have conducted an experimental study of the dusty plasma to the Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) dust material with a grain radius of (0.2) µm to (0.6) µm. In the experiment, we use air in the vacuum chamber system under different low pressure (0.1-0.8) Torr. The results have showed that the existence of dust particles in air plasma is equal to the Paschen minimum which is (0.4) Torr with Al2O3 dusty and without dust. The effect of Al2O3 dust particles on the plasma characteristics like floating potential (Vf), plasma potential (Vp), electron saturation current (Ies), temperature of the electron (Te), density of electron (ne) and density of ion (ni) of the DC system that can be calculated in the glow-discharge region. Parameter measurements are taken by four cylindrical probes which are diagnosed at a distance of (40) mm from the cathode diameter, the Paschen minimum at a pressure of (0.4) Torr. The plasma potential and the probe's floating voltage become more negative when dust is immersed in the plasma region. The features of these parameters show that the current discharge decreases while the discharge voltage increases when the aluminum oxide dust particles that are incorporated. And vice versa was in the absence of dust. Electron density increases in the existence of dust particles which causes the electron temperature to decrease.
CRITERIA FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE BIOLOGY TEXTBOOK FOR THE SCIENTIFIC SIXTH GRADE (AN EVALUATION STUDY)
Authors: MAKAON Hussein Salim
Published: January 2022

This research aims to build criteria for improving the text book quality and to Identify the extent in which criteria might be implied in the Biology textbook, might be implied in the Biology textbook for the 6th Grade, to achieve the research objectives, the researcher depend on the description method and the questionnaire as the research instrument which consisted of (7) fields: the introduction, the educational objectives, the scientific content, the activities, the photos - figures - tables, the evaluation methods, the artistic editing. It includes (99) criteria. Reliability and validity have been affirmed. The number of individuals is (1950) and the sample of the research is (331) as teachers and s supervisors for biology, they were chosen randomly who represented the Iraqi governorates of 2017. The research has concluded that the biology textbook has achieved most of quality criteria with admission of weakness in criteria of introduction and activities. The researcher recommends to adopt criteria of textbook quality which adopted by this research and to reconsider the reorganizing the textbook and to take in consideration of the practical aspect. The researcher suggests to n evolutions to other Biology Textbook to get the specialties in authorizing Textbooks‎.
THE EFFECT OF FLIPPED CLASSROOM STRATEGY IN LEARNING SOME BASIC ‎FOOTBALL SKILLS FOR JONIOR INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: HUSSEIN Raad Abdulqader , HADEAT Nibras Kamil
Published: January 2022

The search aims to: ‎ ‎- Recognize the effect of the inverted grade strategy in learning some ‎of the basic skills of football for second graders. ‎ ‎- Identify the differences between the past and subsequent tests of ‎the two groups of research in learning some of the basic skills of ‎football for second grade students.‎ ‎- Identify the differences between the subsequent tests of the two ‎groups of research in learning some of the basic skills of football for ‎students of the second grade literary.‎ The researchers used the experimental approach to suitability and the ‎nature of the research. The research society consisted of students of ‎the second grade intermediate school in Al-Malwia for boys in the ‎district of Baqubeh in the province of Diyala. The total number of ‎students was (43) and (30) students were randomly chosen to be the ‎sample of the research and divided into two experimental and ‎experimental groups (15), And the two experimental design ‎researchers، called (equal group design، random selection with pre-‎test and post-test) were used to achieve parity between them.‎ and then the main experiment was applied by two units a week for six ‎weeks. After that the post tests were applied. After the data collection ‎and unloading) And test (t) for associated and independent samples، ‎arithmetic mean and standard deviation. After the statistical treatment ‎and the appearance of the results, the researchers concluded the ‎following: ‎- The flipped classroom strategy has the effect of learning some basic ‎football skills for a sample search.‎ ‎- The advantage of strategic inverted grade on the traditional style of ‎the article teacher in learning some basic football skills for sample ‎research. ‎ Therefor, the researchers recommended using this strategy in ‎learning other skills for other. activities.‎
WHAT THE EMOJIS SAY IN THE C23 LADIES CLUB ‎GROUP: SYMBOLIC SIGNIFIANCE
Authors: LAREF Wafa
Published: January 2022

The proliferation of social networks on the Internet and the growing creation ‎of Facebook accounts have changed the writing techniques of French-‎speaking Algerian Internet users, and particularly women, who add new ‎forms of writing to their comments: pictograms or emojis. The complexity ‎linked to the study of these non-verbal signs exchanged through computer-‎mediated communication channels lies not only in the difficulty of taking ‎into account the production context but also in the adaptation of the ‎appropriate analysis tools. to a type of writing that is out of the ordinary. ‎Are emojis a new language that would replace words? We have attempted, ‎through semiotic analysis, to interpret actual achievements of iconic ‎productions in a Facebook group‎‎.‎
Yognidra to Minimizing Stress during Pandemic: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Sharma Biswajit , Mukhopadhyay K.
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an influence on people's physical, emotional, and social health all across the world. Due to mental health issues that resulted in anxiety, sadness, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among a variety of demographic groups, including healthcare staff, the general public, patients, and those who were confined. Yoganidra Meditation is an excellent meditative relaxation method for relieving stress and tension and achieving profound psychological and physiological benefits. According to studies, Yognidra can also be utilized as a therapeutic approach to treat psychological problems such as anxiety, anger, and sleeplessness, as well as psychosomatic illnesses such as asthma, coronary heart disease, cancer, and hypertension. The purpose of the study is to critically analyze the findings of other researchers on the application of Yognidra to reliving the stress of an individual. The study is a conceptual and qualitative Meta-analysis, and it deals with global stress management.
Therapeutic properties of Isoliquiritigenin with molecular modeling studies: Investigation of anti-pancreatic acinar cell tumor and as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor for treatment of hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Li Jihua , Zhu Fengfeng , Xu Weiguo , Che Ping
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Isoliquiritigenin, one of the components in the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., is a member of the flavonoids, which are known to have an anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, called statins, are used to reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood cholesterol levels.

Material and methods

HMG-CoA Reductase activity according to the method described by Takahashi S. et al. The structure of human HMG-COA reductase in the resolution of 2.22 Å with X-RAY diffraction method (PDB ID: 1HWK) was obtained from the PDB database.

Results

In our study, inhibition result of Isoliquiritigenin on HMG-CoA reductase showed lower value IC50 = 193.77±14.85 µg / mL. For a better understanding of biological activities and interactions, the molecular docking study was accomplished. The results of molecular docking revealed that isoliquiritigenin with a docking score of -6.740 has a strong binding affinity to the HMG-COA reductase. Therefore, this compound could be considered as a potential inhibitor for the enzyme. Also, the properties of Isoliquiritigenin against common human pancreatic acinar cell tumor cell lines i.e. 266-6, TGP49, and TGP47 were evaluated.

Conclusions

The treated cells with Isoliquiritigenin were assessed by MTT assay for 48h about the cytotoxicity and anti-human pancreatic acinar cell tumor properties on normal (HUVEC) and human pancreatic acinar cell tumor cell lines i.e. 266-6, TGP49, and TGP47. The IC50 of Isoliquiritigenin were 262, 389, and 211 µg/mL against 266-6, TGP49, and TGP47 cell lines, respectively.
Estudo comparativo em atletas amadores do triathlon de curta e longa distância na organização, planejamento e desempenho de suas periodizações na plataforma trainingpeaks
Authors: Martins Alexandre Stocco , Carneiro Fábio Santos , Oliveira Aurélio Luiz de
Published: January 2022

O triathlon é um esporte exemplar para questões de organizações de treinamento. Quando falamos em Periodização de Treinamento é comum referenciar uma estrutura de treinos organizada e planejada com o objetivo final de rendimento ao atleta. A questão principal dessa pesquisa versa sobre estabelecer um comparativo entre a planificação das periodizações propostas à atletas amadores da modalidade de triathlon de curta e longa distância. O objetivo principal foi proceder com apontamentos relevantes acerca da organização do planejamento de treino a longo prazo desses atletas. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória em função de seus objetivos e um estudo de caso em função dos procedimentos técnicos adotados. A história da periodização ainda está em crescente evolução de dados e estudos científicos, hoje sendo dominada pela tecnologia para acrescentar sua estratégia de treinamento. O uso da tecnologia somada no treinamento de atletas deixou tudo mais fácil e prático para ser entendida a performance de atletas. Utilizando a plataforma de treinamento Trainning Peaks, ao qual foi apresentada as principais métricas utilizadas para a justificativa do gráfico, o estudo teve a finalidade de comparar a periodização de treinamento em dois atletas amadores de triathlon, um deles praticante da curta distância e outro atleta de distância longa na modalidade, assim descrevendo e apresentando uma discussão acerca dos gráficos e modulações expostos nessa proposta, fato que se destaca o grande diferencial de treinamento entre esses atletas.
Flexibilidade e alongamentos no futebol: aspectos relevantes acerca do planejamento do treinamento específico para goleiros
Authors: Galvão João Vitor
Published: January 2022

A presente pesquisa aborda as características da periodização do treinamento desportivo e como ela pode contribuir para evolução de goleiros no treinamento específico. A periodização do treinamento é muito utilizada em nível profissional, mas existem poucos estudos sobre a periodização específica para goleiros, utilizando-se das valências físicas, alongamento e flexibilidade nesse processo. A problemática deste estudo versou sobre a maneira como a periodização do treinamento específico para goleiros utilizando do alongamento e flexibilidade pode contribuir para o aprimoramento técnico, físico e tático dos atletas. O objetivo principal procurou entender a formação de goleiros, com seus métodos de trabalho, analisando as falhas e implantando maneiras para uma formação completa, com todos os aspectos. Compreender o trabalho de flexibilidade e alongamento em um cronograma de treinamentos de um goleiro e sua eficácia em relação aos movimentos. Especificamente, os objetivos foram caracterizar o trabalho diferenciado dos goleiros e a periodização do treinamento, também procurou apresentar as características dos treinamentos em que se utilize de métodos através do alongamento e flexibilidade, trazendo condições melhores para a realização de gestos do goleiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória em função dos objetivos apresentados, e bibliográfica em conformidade com os procedimentos técnicos adotados para sua realização. É fato que os goleiros são peças chave na formação tática, sendo uma posição especializada com condições diferentes de trabalho. Sugeriu- se uma proposta de periodização do treinamento adaptada com ênfase no treino de flexibilidade e alongamento junto ao específico propriamente.
Educação física escolar, manifestações corporais e o desenvolvimento das inteligências múltiplas: proposição de uma estratégia de trabalho
Authors: Rodrigues Aline Figueiredo , Oliveira Aurélio Luiz de
Published: January 2022

A presente pesquisa objetivou demonstrar a importância de trabalhar as inteligências múltiplas e a interdisciplinariedade, enfatizando atividades lúdicas que estimulem a criança e ensinem ao mesmo tempo. Os jogos e brincadeiras, quando trabalhados de maneira integrada às demais disciplinas, ajudam no melhor desenvolvimento cogntivo e social da criança. Dessa forma, buscou-se elementos que pudessem enfatizar a equiparação das manifestações corporais, como forma de expressão da inteligência nos processos de compreensão da estimulação da atividade motora na integração entre os sistemas perceptual e o sistema motor em aulas de Educação Física Escolar. A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal: ressaltar a importância da ludicidade no desenvolvimento das inteligências múltiplas. Metodologicamente se caracteria como uma pesquisa descritiva, uma vez que este estudo procura dar ênfase à ludicidade e às inteligências múltiplas, considerando que a criança deve ser explorada em todas suas potencialidades e que necessita de opurtunidades diferenciadas para se desenvolver, tendo como base a interdisciplinaridade em seus processos de ensino-aprendizagem.
Hipertrofia muscular: um estudo sobre os dois tipos hipertrofia muscular miofibrilar e hipertrofia muscular sarcoplamática
Authors: Oliveira Murilo de
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho tem como tema a hipertrofia muscular. Assunto bastante difundido na atualidade devido à busca crescente das pessoas pelo corpo belo e definido. O objetivo do presente estudo é expor conhecimentos e informações sobre os tipos de hipertrofia miofibrilar e sarcoplasmática. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia de estudo baseada na pesquisa bibliográfica, fundamentada em autores recomendados da área. Como resultado foi possível perceber que na hipertrofia muscular miofibrilar, a fibra muscular se torna mais densa, com uma quantidade maior de miofibrilas que consequentemente gera maior força muscular. Já, na hipertrofia muscular sarcoplasmática o músculo se torna mais inflado e vascularizado com maior quantidade de fluídos ao redor das miofibrilas, gerando maior volume muscular. Percebe-se que a hipertrofia muscular miofibrilar é bastante procurada por pessoas que pretendem fortalecer o músculo. Sua prática é bastante comum entre atletas powerlifters ou levantadores de peso. Na hipertrofia muscular sarcoplasmática, os praticantes procuram maior volume muscular, caso dos atletas de fisiculturismo. Conclui-se que, ambos os tipos de treinamento resultam em hipertrofia muscular caso o indivíduo deseje maximizar o volume muscular, cabendo ao profissional avaliar, de acordo com o objetivo do aluno/cliente, qual tipo de hipertrofia será almejado.
A prática da musculação na gravidez: recomendações por trimestres da gestação
Authors: Oliveira Pâmela , Silva Eduardo Amilton Oliveira da , Oliveira Aurélio Luiz de
Published: January 2022

A pesquisa em torno da prática de exercícios físicos durante a gestação é crescente. A busca é pelo bem-estar e melhor condicionamento físico, preparando a gestante para uma série de mudanças, as quais seu corpo será submetido. Considerando a importância do acompanhamento pré-natal e de um profissional de educação física, os exercícios físicos podem trazer muitos benefícios em diversos aspectos, dentre eles cardíacos, respiratórios e controle de aumento de peso. O problema de pesquisa consiste em: verificar como se dá a organização e a prescrição de Exercícios Físicos às gestantes por trimestres-gestacional, no trabalho com musculação. Os objetivos dessa pesquisa visaram contemplar a gravidez como o aspecto ímpar para a geração de um novo ser humano; destacar a prática de exercício físico por trimestre de gestação e; ainda salientar os benefícios da prática de exercícios físicos durante o período gestacional. Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo exploratório e bibliográfico. Foram montadas séries de treinos para gestantes, de diferentes períodos gestacionais, sendo que a divisão foi feita por trimestres e os exercícios propostos estão de acordo com a evolução do quadro gestacional, considerando que as condições físicas apresentadas pela gestante sejam normais, com boa evolução da gestação, sem riscos para o feto e/ou gestante.
Relações da ginástica laboral e a incidência de lesões e dores localizadas em colaboradores de uma empresa de manufatura do município de Castro/PR
Authors: Hanle Thiago Richard , Oliveira Aurélio Luiz de
Published: January 2022

Os colaboradores de empresas dos mais diversos ramos, estão sujeitos à riscos de lesões a qualquer momento durante a atividade profissional. Em um ponto de vista ergonômico é interessante a rotatividade dos trabalhadores em seus postos de trabalho, fazendo com que mudem a rotina do seu serviço, garantindo assim uma forma de prevenção de possíveis lesões, conhecidas com L.E.R e D.O.R.T. O movimento repetitivo de certas ações para a realização de tarefas, as quais o funcionário presta, leva ao afastamento e licenças do trabalho, ocasionadas pelas tarefas impostas. A presente pesquisa é caracterizada por um estudo de campo, realizada em uma empresa, cujo dados foram quantitativos. O objetivo principal é identificar os espaços existentes e as relações ergonômicas dos postos de trabalho, contrapondo às adequações necessárias para evitar incidências de patologias da postura nos diversos postos de trabalho. A população foi composta por 102 funcionários da empresa na cidade de Castro, de ambos os sexos com faixa etária de 18 a 64 anos. Foram utilizadas fichas de avaliação física adaptadas para a obtenção dos dados. A prática da ginástica laboral tem sido importante nessa prevenção de lesões, sendo que na empresa 89,21 % dos funcionários a praticam, 3,92% às vezes praticam e 6,86 % não praticam. É de grande importância a sua prática, pois proporciona inúmeros benefícios tanto para a empresa quanto para os funcionários, como bem-estar, saúde, lazer e outros. Com a prática da ginástica laboral foi percebido que o índice de lesões é muito baixo, onde 18 funcionários disseram que já sofreram alguma lesão, e 84 deles não sentiram nenhuma lesão no âmbito de trabalho.
Nível de atividades físicas dos acadêmicos de educação física da Faculdade Sant’Ana
Authors: Boita Luiz Gustavo , Sedorko Clóvis Marcelo
Published: January 2022

Este estudo objetivou identificar o nível de atividades físicas de acadêmicos dos cursos de Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Educação Física da Faculdade Sant’Ana. A amostra foi composta por 43 acadêmicos, regularmente matriculados no primeiro período dos respectivos cursos e o instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi o Questionário Internacional de Atividades Físicas (IPAQ), versão curta. Os resultados obtidos revelam que 74% dos acadêmicos apresentam um nível de atividades físicas considerado satisfatório. Contudo, um percentual de 6,9% desses estudantes foi categorizado como sedentário, fato que desperta preocupação, considerando que esses acadêmicos serão futuramente os profissionais responsáveis pela orientação correta acerca dos benefícios das atividades físicas para a saúde.
O profissional de educação física e a responsabilidade legal que o cerca: fundamentos para uma discussão
Authors: Silva Marcelo Pereira da , Oliveira Aurélio Luiz de
Published: January 2022

O presente texto versa sobre a responsabilidade civil e criminal do profissional de Educação Física em academias de ginástica no Brasil, levando em consideração o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Na atualidade observa-se no Brasil uma maior procura por academias de ginástica para a prática de atividade física com acompanhamento profissional, as pessoas buscam obter uma melhora na performance, na aparência física, na qualidade de vida, bem como momentos de lazer e recreação. Nesse sentido o profissional de Educação Física destaca-se por ser o responsável por orientar adequadamente essas pessoas, pois ele lida com o bem maior do ser humano, a vida. O objetivo principal desse estudo é a conscientização dos profissionais de Educação Física a respeito da responsabilidade que recaí sobre eles enquanto atuam em academias de ginástica. Também é importante levantar o questionamento quando a necessidade desse profissional de dispor de conhecimentos que tratem da responsabilidade legal na grade curricular do curso superior de Educação Física. Para que esses objetivos pudessem ser alcançados, primeiramente foi realizada uma pesquisa em veículos da mídia, como jornais e revistas, sobre casos de acidentes em academias de ginástica e de processos jurídicos contra profissionais de Educação Física e contra academias de ginástica. E então através de pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, buscou-se subsidiar a discussão do tema, tendo como base a abordagem de tópicos como a responsabilidade civil e criminal e a capacitação do profissional de Educação Física.
Cropping capacity of winter rye cultivated for fodder
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation named after A.N. Kostyakov, Konieva Galina , Ochirov Vitalii , Ivanova Vera , Shabanov Rustam
Published: January 2022

Realization of the yield potential depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, cultivation technology and weather conditions. The article presents the results of studies carried out in 2018-2021. on the productivity of various varieties of winter rye in dryland conditions of the central zone of the Republic of Kalmykia. The fresh yield of winter rye harvested for fodder depended on the variety. Its highest index was obtained for the Saratovskaya 4 variety and amounted to 17.7 ... 26.9 t / ha. The analysis of the productivity of winter rye harvested for green fodder showed that the studied varieties provided the yield of dry matter at the level of 5.4 ... 7.1 t / ha on average for three years. All varieties have good winter hardiness. Keywords: WINTER RYE, VARIETY, NAKED FALLOW, PLANT HEIGHT, GREEN MASS, FRESH YIELD, CROP PRODUCTIVITY, DRY MATTER
THE EFFECT OF FLY ASH UTILIZATION IN REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE: A REVIEW
Authors: Hermawan Rachmat , Riastuti Rini
Published: January 2022

Indonesia signed the Paris Agreement on facing climate change. Carbon dioxide is the main issue contributing to the greenhouse effect. Most power plant in Indonesia uses non-renewable energy to generate electricity. Increasing demand for electricity makes increasing coal consumption for steam power plants and directly contributes to greenhouse gasses from coal combustion and produces fly ash as a waste product. Otherwise, fly ash from Steam Power Plant is classified as pozzolanic materials being a part of substitution ordinary portland cement (OPC) on making reinforcement concrete. Many Researchers studied reinforcement concrete from fly ash composition and others development using renewable energy resources such as biomass. This paper presents a literature review on focus studying the properties of various types of fly ash and their effect on the performance of concrete, including corrosion resistance.
خیبرپختونخوا میں سکھوں کے معاشرتی مسائل کا شرعی جائزہ اور ان کا حل
Authors: Hadi Fazli , Ali Dr. syed Rashid , Ameen Shahid
Published: January 2022

The study is conducted with a view to analyze the social problems of the Sikh community in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in light of the Islamic Sharia. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was reservation for various religions from ancient times and Sikh creed is one of them. Guru Nanak is its founder and its successor Ranjit Singh has ruled this province for some time i-e (1834-1849) but later on unable to maintain its kingdom and supremacy. The author has collected the major social problems from the social, political, business men and other influential people of various districts through face to face interviews and other print and electronic media. The study find these major problems: registration of marriage act, building of shamshanghaat, educational curriculum and minority seats in educational institutions, census problems, free celebration of cultural and religious festivals, pending of social and religious cases in courts and teasing of the children in schools by saying kafir kafir etc. The study concluded that, the Islamic Sharia allows them full social freedom under certain conditions and keeping in view the sentiments of the Muslims which is an important part of the Islamic history.
سلطان باہوؒ کی پنجابی شاعری پر حدیث نبوی کا اثر
Authors: Ali Sajjad , Khan Dr. Hussain Frooq
Published: January 2022

The study is conducted with a view to analyze the social problems of the Sikh community in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in light of the Islamic Sharia. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was reservation for various religions from ancient times and Sikh creed is one of them. Guru Nanak is its founder and its successor Ranjit Singh has ruled this province for some time i-e (1834-1849) but later on unable to maintain its kingdom and supremacy. The author has collected the major social problems from the social, political, business men and other influential people of various districts through face to face interviews and other print and electronic media. The study find these major problems: registration of marriage act, building of shamshanghaat, educational curriculum and minority seats in educational institutions, census problems, free celebration of cultural and religious festivals, pending of social and religious cases in courts and teasing of the children in schools by saying kafir kafir etc. The study concluded that, the Islamic Sharia allows them full social freedom under certain conditions and keeping in view the sentiments of the Muslims which is an important part of the Islamic history.
Construction and Validation of Occupational Stress Scale for Public Prosecutors
Authors: Ahmed Bilal  , Syeda Shahida Batool
Published: January 2022

Occupational stress has the adverse effects on personal and work-related life of workers. Public prosecutors experience specific stressors at work, but no scale has yet been designed to measure occupational stress among public prosecutors. The present study was carried out to construct and validate an indigenous Occupational Stress Scale for Public Prosecutors in Pakistan. An inductive approach was used for item generation. After ensuring the construct fidelity and content validity: the items of the scale were subjected to principal axis factoring, using a varimax rotation method on a sample of 416 public prosecutors and 32 items were retained in a well-defined 5 factor structure, which collectively accounted for 54.39 percent of the variance. Moreover, a confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 350 public prosecutors was performed through AMOS modeling and the final scale consisted of 26 items was obtained. The relationship of scale with job satisfaction was found to be the negative (r = -.30, p<.01) that determined its divergent validity. Furthermore, the relationship of the scale with Health and Safety Executive Management Standard Indicator Tool was found to be the positive (r = .52, p<.01) that determined its convergent validity. The final scale is a promising measure with good items homogeneity, internal consistency and optimum validity
Development and Transformation of the Indian Nuclear Doctrine
Authors: Ashfaq Ahmed  , Muhammad Jawad Hashmi  , Saima Kausar
Published: January 2022

Indian rationale for developing nuclear weapons is embedded in Article 51 of United Nations (UN) Charter. After analyzing the changes in Indian defence procurements, a huge defence spending and public statements issued by the former and incumbent Indian government official authors presume India is changing its nuclear posture. New Delhi is discarding earlier publicly stated No-First Use (NFU) posture with ready or super ready status. It is replacing Credible Minimum Deterrent (CMD) posture with overkill capacity. India revived earlier announced Cold Start Doctrine (CSD). The objective of this paper is to review changes in Indian nuclear doctrine and capabilities and implications for Pakistan security. However a qualitative method is used for the completion of this research. Paramount aim of nuclear signaling is to avoid outbreak of violence. The findings of this paper include dividing Indian strategic community into leftists/rightists. Further, abovementioned changes can result in Indian preemptive strike against Pakistan or inadvertent or unauthorized use of nuclear weapons. The region is ripe for nuclear exchange. South Asia is nuclear flashpoint. In conclusion, Pakistan needs to expedite its diplomatic efforts to highlight changes introduced by India. Islamabad should follow North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) strategy to solidify its conventional and nuclear armed force structure to deter militarily powerful enemy
Shortening of dioestrus in female dogs using cloprostenol sodium at different stages of dioestrus.
Authors: J Deepak , M. P. C. Jayakumar, Hiron M. Harshan and K. D. John Martin , C. Hiron M. Harshan and K. D. John Martin , K. D. John Martin , K. D. John Martin
Published: January 2022

A study was conducted in 18 healthy, fertile, non-pregnant, dioestrous female dogs to
evaluate the efficacy of PGF2? analogue (cloprostenol sodium) in shortening the dioestrus. Bitches
that were diagnosed non-pregnant by trans-abdominal ultrasonography, on day 30 of breeding
and their dioestrual stage confirmed by serum progesterone assay, were randomly allotted to three
groups of six bitches each. Group I and II bitches were treated with cloprostenol sodium @ 2.5
µg/kg b. wt., subcutaneously, thrice at 48 h interval, beginning on day 30 and 45 of last breeding,
respectively. Group III animals were assigned as control and were left untreated. Fifty days from first
injection of cloprostenol, serum progesterone assay was carried out among the animals in Group I
and II whereas the same was done among Group III bitches on day 90 after last breeding. Among
Group I and II, mean serum progesterone concentrations were 0.93 ± 0.04 and 0.87 ± 0.01ng/
mL, respectively whereas the level was 1.72 ± 0.9 ng/mL among control group; highly significant
difference (p<0.01) existed between control and treatment groups. The present study indicated
that administration of PGF2? analogue during dioestrus enhances the pace of luteal regression
among non-pregnant bitches.
Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in duck and associated environmental samples in Thrissur district.
Authors: T. R. Athulya , C. Latha , B. Sunil , J. Deepa , M. Shynu
Published: January 2022

Campylobacteriosis caused by Campylobacter spp. is considered as the most common
cause of bacterial diarrhoea in humans across the globe. The current research was undertaken to
assess the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in duck and the associated environmental samples.
Among 220 samples analysed, 7.73 per cent samples revealed the presence of Campylobacter
spp. Majority of the samples contained C. coli (4.55 per cent) and C. jejuni was detected in 3.18
per cent of the samples. The present study revealed a high occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in
duck rearing facilities in Thrissur district, Kerala. As the demand for duck products is increasing
every year, the risk of contamination by Campylobacter spp. has to be viewed seriously. The study
revealed the importance of multifaceted one health approach including human medicine, veterinary
medicine, epidemiology, environmental hygiene, public health institutes and epidemiological
surveillance agencies to control food-borne diseases and up-gradation of biosecurity measures.
Evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of oxytetracycline against caprine respiratory	mycoplasmosis using clinical score card method
Authors: K. S. Sumith , C. G. Umesh , Ravishankar Chintu , K. Mathew Manju , S. Ajithkumar
Published: January 2022

Mycoplasmosis in goats is one of the challenging and continuous threats to small ruminant
farming causing huge economic losses. This study was carried out to evaluate the therapeutic
efficacy of oxytetracycline against caprine respiratory mycoplasmosis. Nasal swabs collected from
fourteen goats showing clinical signs like cough, nasal discharge and abnormal breath sounds
were screened for the presence of Mycoplasma spp. by polymerase chain reaction. The severity
of the disease as well as the clinical improvement was recorded using a clinical score card.
Oxytetracycline was administered intravenously at 15 mg/kg/day for 5 days along with supportive
medications. Significant reduction in clinical score was observed after treatment and complete
recovery was attained in 62.5 per cent animals.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate modulator supplementation on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes
Authors: Xaviour Minu , R.S. Abhilash , C. Jayakumar , Aravind Amritha , K. Raji
Published: January 2022

Study evaluated the role of cAMP modulator (Forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1- methyl xanthine)
supplementation on developmental competence of bovine oocytes. Cumulus oocyte complexes
recovered from bovine ovaries of unknown reproductive status were used for the study. Oocytes
retrieved by aspiration method were graded based on cumulus cell distribution and culture grade
oocytes were selected for the study. A total of 414 culture grade oocytes were taken and divided
into two groups. Group I constituted of 201 oocytes in which pre-maturation was carried out for a
period of 2 h. In group II, 213 oocytes were selected in which normal maturation was carried out.
Maturation was assessed after 24h of culture in CO2
incubator maintained at 38.5o
C in 95 per cent
humidified atmosphere of 5 per cent CO2
. Fertilisation was carried out using frozen thawed semen
and the presumptive zygotes were then transferred to culture media and cleavage was assessed
48 h after insemination. A significantly higher maturation rate (p ?0.05) was observed in group I
compared to group II (86.85 ± 1.19 vs 79.88 ± 2.67). There was a highly significant increase (p
?0.01) in cleavage rate in group I (65.92 ± 1.23) compared to group II (59.29 ± 1.50). A higher
fertilisation rate was observed in group I (75.35 ± 1.19) than group II (71.88 ± 2.56). It could be
concluded that pre-maturation with cAMP modulators improved the developmental competence of
bovine oocytes.
Haemato-biochemical changes in tuberculosis infected and healthy Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) from South India
Authors: M. Ranjini , P. M. Deepa , K. Vijayakumar , A. Janus , K. Karthyayini
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis is known to be a disease of elephants for the past 2000 years. The main
causative agent isolated from reported tuberculosis (TB) cases were Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The study focuses on the haematological and serum biochemical changes in the blood of TB
infected Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Twelve apparently healthy elephants and twelve
TB infected elephants (confirmed by trunk wash smear positive for acid fast bacilli) were selected
for the study. Neonates, pregnant elephants and elephants in musth were not included in the
study. The study animals were subjected to haematological and serum biochemical evaluation.
The data were analysed statistically. The results showed a significant increase in total leukocyte
count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, thrombocyte count and ESR in TB affected animals
compared with apparently healthy animals. Serum creatinine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, globulin
was significantly high in TB affected animals compared with healthy controls. Assessment of
haematological and serum biochemical parameters in TB affected elephants aid in diagnosis and
tracking of the infection
Chorioptes texanus causing mange in goats: comparison of two therapeutic protocols
Authors: Chandran Chaithanya , P. Habeeb Biju , P. Habeeb Biju , Sindhu O. K. , A. Janus , Ravindran Reghu , Ajith Kumar K.G.
Published: January 2022

Out of 34 caprine dermatological cases examined, 12 were detected positive for Chorioptes
texanus. Pruritus, alopecia, crusts, thickening, wrinkling, cracks and fissures on legs, axillae,
inguinal region and perineal region were the symptoms noticed in caprine chorioptic mange. In
affected animals, reduction in haemoglobin concentration and per cent lymphocytes were noticed,
along with elevation in the values of the total leukocyte count, per cent neutrophils and per cent
monocytes. Values of serum glucose, zinc and copper were normal. All the 12 cases were treated
with ivermectin at 10 days interval till two consecutive skin scrapings were negative for mites. In
addition, all goats were treated with vitamin A supplements throughout the period. Six goats
were treated topically with permethrin spray while other six animals were treated topically with lime
sulphur spray. Both treatment protocols caused recovery of the animals from clinical symptoms,
however, a skin scraping after 1 year revealed the presence of mites.
Egg quality and fatty acid profile of yolk in eggs from Athulya, native and	IWN x native crossbred layers under backyard system
Authors: S. Devavratha , Chacko Binoj , P. Anitha , S. Harikrishnan , V. Ramnath
Published: January 2022

Backyard poultry production forms the basis for transforming the rural poultry sector from
subsistence to a more economically productive base. The current study was conducted to evaluate
the egg quality of eggs produced by Athulya, native and IWN x Native crossbred layers under
backyard system. At 36 weeks of age, one egg from each group of birds was collected for fatty acid
estimation of egg yolk and 20 eggs from each group was collected at 40 weeks of age for assessing
the haugh unit score, yolk colour, shell thickness and shell colour. The beneficial polyunsaturated
fatty acid content was higher in native bird eggs. The eggs from Athulya and native chicken had
better internal quality in terms of haugh unit and yolk colour score. The shell thickness of eggs was
similar among three groups. The egg shell colour was white in Athulya, tinted to brown in native
and tinted in IWN x Native crossbreds and the shell colour in native and crossbreds exhibits more
consumer preference.
A SWOT analysis of rabbit farming in Kerala
Authors: D. Bhagathsingh , P. T. Suraj , Mathew Joseph , A. Prasad , T. S. Rajeev
Published: January 2022

A survey was undertaken for SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats)
analysis of rabbit production system in Thrissur and Malappuram districts of Kerala. Sixty rabbit
units were selected randomly from the rabbit farmers of the two districts. The rabbit units were
classified as small (1-10 doe unit) and medium (>10 doe unit). Thirty farms from each category
were selected for SWOT analysis to assess internal and external factors affecting the viability and
sustainability of rabbit farms in Kerala. The SWOT factors had Kendall’s ‘W’ value ranging from
0.005 to 0.017 and 0.006 to 0.069 respectively for the small and medium rabbit farms. Based upon
outcomes, most important strengths and opportunities could be combined to formulate a functional
strategy that can vitalize the rabbit production systems
Occurrence of Escherichia coli in cloacal samples of broiler chicken from Kollam and Kottayam districts
Authors: S. Afsal , C. Latha , C. Sethulekshmi , M. Binsy , C. J. Beena , V.L. Gleeja
Published: January 2022

Foodborne pathogens like E. coli are considered as the major causes of foodborne illness
in humans worldwide. The present study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of E. coli in
cloacal samples of broiler chicken from Kollam and Kottayam districts. The occurrence of E. coli in
cloacal samples from broiler chicken was 76.5 per cent from Kollam and 79 per cent from Kottayam
through culture techniques. Out of the total 400 cloacal swab samples collected from broiler
chicken, 77.8 per cent were positive for E. coli. The samples which were subjected to conventional
culture techniques were further analysed for PCR confirmation. The study revealed that, 56.5 and
67 per cent samples were positive for E. coli from Kollam and Kottayam, respectively. An overall
occurrence of 61.8 per cent out of 400 samples were confirmed for E. coli by PCR. One Health
approach can be used as a suitable tool to combat the foodborne zoonotic diseases, since it is an
integrated, multidisciplinary, holistic approach. Proper implementation of biosecurity measures in
farms is mandatory to control foodborne zoonotic diseases.
B- mode ultrasonographic biometry of cataractous eyes in dogs
Authors: B. Lavanya , K. Venugopal Syam , K. D. John Martin , Ramankutty Soumya , A.R. Sreeranjini
Published: January 2022

Cataract is one of the main reasons interfering with examination of the eye in many
species of animals. As the opaque lens obscures visualization of the posterior segment of the eye,
evaluation of the structures in the posterior segment becomes impossible. B-mode ultrasonography
of the eye plays a major role in such conditions to evaluate the posterior segment and to evaluate
the biometry of the intraocular structures. In the current study, dogs with cataracts of various stages
were subjected to ocular ultrasonographic evaluation and biometry of ocular structures. Biometry
for ocular parameters like axial length of the eye (D1), vitreous chamber depth (D2), lens diameter
(D3) and lens depth (D4) were recorded in all the dogs with cataractous lens. The ultrasonographic
appearance of the lens varied in echogenicity with the stage of the cataract. The changes in the
cortex and nucleus part of the lens were also imaged and recorded. B-mode ultrasonography
was useful in ruling out structural pathologies related to the vitreous and retina prior to cataract
surgery