bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interferencias Culturales en los Procesos de Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos: El Caso de los Procesos de Interpretación de la Lengua Árabe en los Registros Civiles
Authors: Hussein Hanan Saleh
Published: August 2020

Resumen: Frecuentemente, los traductores e intérpretes se encuentran ante el reto de las interferencias culturales en los procesos de traducción e interpretación. En este trabajo nos ocupamos de los procesos de interpretación en los casos en los que se contrae matrimonio entre ciudadanos españoles y otros de procedencia extranjera –nos referimos a los ciudadanos procedentes de países árabes– y que son llevados a cabo en las sedes del Registros Civil en España. En este tipo de trámites en los servicios públicos se requiere una serie de medidas preparatorias anteriores a la celebración del matrimonio, entre las cuales se encuentra la realización de una entrevista por el juez competente a cada uno de los interesados en contraer matrimonio. En este trabajo, basado en un estudio de caso en el Registro Civil Nº 1 de Sevilla, pretendemos aclarar, desde nuestra experiencia y nuestro punto de vista, algunas situaciones en las que las interferencias culturales de índole religiosa pueden causar confusiones durante el proceso de interpretación. Se trata de ofrecer propuestas interpretativas que preserven tanto el derecho del interesado como la fiabilidad de la información facilitada a la Administración de Justicia.Abstract: Translators and interpreters are frequently challenged by cultural interferences that take place in translation and interpreting processes. This paper focuses on interpreting processes at a civil wedding between a Spaniard and a Muslim Arab at an office of the Spanish Civil Registry. A series of preparatory steps are required before actually interpreting at this type of ceremonies, for example an interview to both partners conducted by the judge. This article, specifically based on a study-case from the Civil Registry No 1 of Seville, deals with some of those situations in which religious cultural inferences may cause some confusion at the process of interpreting. Thus, we offer interpreting solutions that may preserve both the right of the citizen and the trustworthiness of the information provided to justice authorities.
Shedding Light on the Grey Area of Assessment in Legal Translation: A Case Study Based on a Holistic Method
Authors: Vigier Moreno Francisco Javier , Valero-Garcés Carmen
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Assessment is a very controversial topic in Translation Studies as it is entrenched with subjectivity. In an attempt to verify the validity and reliability of holistic assessment as far as legal translation is concerned, the following case study was designed. A legal text was translated by a Master’s student and this translation was assessed holistically by 10 evaluators, who had to complete a questionnaire after grading the translation. Results show once more great disparity in the evaluators’ value judgment and highlight the subjective nature of this kind of assessment. However, results did not differ much from those obtained when the same translation was assessed following an apparently more objective error-based method, which confirms the usefulness of holistic assessment as a supplementary tool, especially for translator training purposes. Resumen: En la Traductología, la evaluación constituye uno de los campos de mayor controversia debido a su inherente subjetividad. En aras de comprobar la validez y fiabilidad de la evaluación holística en el ámbito de la traducción jurídica, se diseñó el estudio de caso que se presenta en este artículo. Se procedió a la traducción de un texto jurídico por parte de una estudiante de Máster y esta traducción fue evaluada, siguiendo un método holístico, por 10 evaluadores, que rellenaron un cuestionario después de calificar la traducción. Los resultados de este estudio vuelven a revelar una notable disparidad en la valoración de la traducción por parte de los evaluadores y a subrayar el carácter subjetivo de este tipo de evaluación. Sin embargo, estos resultados no resultaron muy diferentes de los obtenidos al evaluarse la misma traducción siguiendo un método analítico, en principio más objetivo, lo que confirma la utilidad de la evaluación holística como una herramienta complementaria, especialmente en el ámbito de la formación de traductores.
Análisis de la Asignatura de Traducción de Español de la Licenciatura en Filología Hispánica en China
Authors: Xiaoxuan Zhang
Published: August 2020

Resumen: Hoy en día, debido a los intercambios cada vez más frecuentes entre China y los países de habla española, se ha producido una enorme demanda de los traductores de chino-español. En cuanto a la formación de los profesionales de traductores de español, la asignatura de traducción de español de la licenciatura en Filología Hispánica constituye la vía principal. Esta investigación se enfoca en el análisis de esta asignatura en China. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en presentar un iceberg de la situación actual de la asignatura de la traducción de español en China y ofrecer una perspectiva actualizada y real de la materia. Es imprescindible y urgente llevar a cabo la reforma de esta asignatura a fin de formar a más profesionales cualificados. Este estudio proporciona recursos e informaciones pragmáticas, las cuales ayudarán a la mejora de esta asignatura.Abstract: Nowadays, due to the increasingly frequent exchanges between China and the Spanish-speaking countries, there has been a huge demand for Chinese-Spanish translators. Regarding the training of professionals of Spanish translators, the Spanish translation course of the Hispanic Philology degree constitutes the main solution. This research focuses on the panorama of this course in China. The objective of this work is to present an iceberg of the current situation of the course in Spanish translation in China and offer an updated and real perspective on the subject. It is essential and urgent to adapt this subject in order to train more qualified professionals. This study provides resources and pragmatic information, that will help improve this course.
Avantages et Coûts du Recours à Un Interprète Professionnel en Milieu Médical : Méta-Analyse de 35 Études Menées aux États-Unis
Authors: Delizée Anne , Milcent Morgane , Michaux Christine
Published: August 2020

Résumé : Les barrières linguistiques peuvent avoir des conséquences négatives sur la santé des patients allophones et entraîner, de surcroît, une augmentation des coûts pour la santé publique. L’une des solutions serait de faire appel à des interprètes professionnels. Or, demander l’intervention de ces professionnels reste encore une pratique faiblement répandue et la raison souvent invoquée est le manque de moyens financiers. Le recours à un interprète professionnel influence-t-il positivement la trajectoire des soins de santé ? Quels sont les coûts de ce recours ? Pour éclairer cette problématique, nous avons procédé à la méta-analyse de 35 études scientifiques menées sur le sol américain qui abordent ces deux questions. Le résultat principal est que l’amélioration de la prise en charge médicale de l’allophone est sensible et que les coûts engagés sont minimes par rapport au bénéfice retiré.Resumen: Las barreras del idioma pueden tener consecuencias negativas para la salud de los pacientes que no hablan inglés y pueden además traer aparejado un aumento de los costes para la salud pública. Una de las soluciones sería recurrir a los servicios de unos intérpretes profesionales. Sin embargo, el hecho de solicitar la participación de dichos profesionales sigue una práctica poco extendida y la razón que se da a menudo es la falta de recursos financieros. ¿Tiene el uso de un intérprete profesional un impacto positivo en la prestación de servicios de salud? ¿Qué tipos de costes supone tal recurso? Para arrojar luz sobre este tema, se llevó a cabo el meta-análisis de 35 estudios científicos realizados en los Estados Unidos que abordan estos temas. La conclusión más destacada es que la gestión médica del alófono se mejora de manera significativa y que los costes incurridos son mínimos en comparación con los beneficios obtenidos.
Equal Access to Health Information: Evaluating the Use of a Multilingual Website in Face-To-Face Consultations, Language Support, Multilingual Website, Sexual and Reproductive Health Consultations
Authors: De Wilde July , Van Praet Ellen , Van Bosstraeten Kaat , Rillof Pascal
Published: August 2020

Abstract: In a 21st century superdiverse world, public service providers increasingly resort to technologies facilitating face-to-face consultations. In this paper, we evaluate the use and efficiency of a multilingual website in 11 video-recorded consultations of HIV/STI counselling. We address three central research questions: (i) How is the multilingual website embedded (or not) in the consultations? (ii) For what particular communicative purposes? (iii) How are the interactional routines shaped by the use of the multilingual website? The results show that the website is most efficient in consultations characterized by high levels of institution-specific arrangements of talk enabling varying tasks, e.g. announcing the taking of a HIV test, asking the patient’s consent for taking a HIV test, exploring sexual risk behaviours and infections, empowering the patient in the search for reliable information on sexual health related topics.Resumen: En un contexto de superdiversidad, los proveedores de servicios públicos recurren cada vez más a tecnologías para facilitar los encuentros multilingües. En este artículo evaluamos el uso y la eficiencia de un sitio web mediante el análisis de 11 consultas sobre VIH/ETS. Abordamos tres preguntas de investigación: (i) ¿Cómo se incluye (o no) el sitio web multilingüe en las consultas? (ii) ¿Con qué fines comunicativos? (iii) ¿Qué efectos tiene el sitio web en las rutinas de interacción? Los resultados muestran que el sitio web es más eficiente en consultas con organizaciones conversacionales específicas y propias de la institución. Así, el sitio facilita comunicar la realización de una prueba VIH, solicitar el consentimiento del paciente para realizarla, explorar conductas sexuales de riesgo, y capacitar al paciente en la búsqueda de información fiable sobre temas relacionados con la salud sexual.
Podcasting: Spaces for Connection and Development
Authors: Turner Matthew
Published: August 2020

ELT could be viewed as a community of practice, with various professionals engaging in processes of collective learning in a shared domain of interest. Yet accessible, mutual, and dialogic communication across ELT’s sub-disciplines is often curtailed. As there are things to learn from the work of others, from pedagogical activities and beliefs to empirical findings, new spaces for purposeful and actual dialogue may need to be explored. In this paper I propose podcasts as such a platform in which practitioners can cooperatively and publicly develop understandings through interaction. The paper opens with an overview of how podcasts are used as tools for education and professional development, followed by a look into the nature and importance of dialogic reflection in teacher learning. By offering transcript data from an episode of the author’s ongoing podcasting project, I provide an investigation of how podcast interviews can facilitate the participants’ collaborative co-construction of mutual understanding.

ELTの様々な二次的な専門分野にアクセスしやすく、互いに共有できる対話によるコミュニケーションの場は、しばしば二の次となっているのが現状である。しかし、教授法や信念、そして実証的所見にいたるまで、他から学べることは多々ある。そのため、目的を明確にした、実際に意見交換の場を設ける必要性がある。本論文は、ELTの実践者が意見交換を通して、協力しながら、公に相互理解を築ける場としてのポッドキャストを提案するものである。本論文では、ポッドキャストがいかに教員のスキル向上のためのツールとして活用されているかを検証し、社会文化的視点から、教員の学習において、意見交換が持つ意味と、その重要性に目を向ける。また、筆者が現在行っているポッドキャストプロジェクトからの抜粋を引用することで、インタビューのやり取りがいかに新しい洞察を共同で構築することに貢献し、参加者間の相互理解を深めるかを実証する。
The influence of internal models on feedback-related brain activity
Authors: Wurm Franz , Ernst Benjamin , Steinhauser Marco
Published: August 2020

Decision making relies on the interplay between two distinct learning mechanisms, namely habitual model-free learning and goal-directed model-based learning. Recent literature suggests that this interplay is significantly shaped by the environmental structure as represented by an internal model. We employed a modified two-stage but one-decision Markov decision task to investigate how two internal models differing in the predictability of stage transitions influence the neural correlates of feedback processing. Our results demonstrate that fronto-central theta and the feedback-related negativity (FRN), two correlates of reward prediction errors in the medial frontal cortex, are independent of the internal representations of the environmental structure. In contrast, centro-parietal delta and the P3, two correlates possibly reflecting feedback evaluation in working memory, were highly susceptible to the underlying internal model. Model-based analyses of single-trial activity showed a comparable pattern, indicating that while the computation of unsigned reward prediction errors is represented by theta and the FRN irrespective of the internal models, the P3 adapts to the internal representation of an environment. Our findings further substantiate the assumption that the feedback-locked components under investigation reflect distinct mechanisms of feedback processing and that different internal models selectively influence these mechanisms.
Revolusi Industri 4.0 : Implikasi terhadap Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia
Authors: Wijaya Muksin
Published: August 2020

Peluang Internet dalam mengeliminasi batasan jarak dan kemampuan untuk mentransfer data besar secara instan sudah merambah pada setiap wilayah kehidupan kita, dan berkembang secara lebih mendalam dalam memberikan dampak terhadap proses produksi dan proses bisnis. Perusahaan-perusahaan yang sudah mengadopsi teknologi tinggi sudah merasakan dampak tersebut dalam proses bisnis dan perubahan struktur lingkungan bisnisnya. Dalam jurnal ini, penulis ingin menunjukkan dampak dari Revolusi Industri 4.0 terhadap proses manajemen sumber daya manusia. Mulai dari cara pandang yang baru terhadap sumber daya manusia yang ada sampai kepada peningkatan kualifikasi dan spesifikasi sumber daya manusia yang diperlukan serta bagaimana perusahaan dapat mengembangkan para karyawannya untuk tetap dapat bertahan bekerja dengan perubahan-perubahan serta tuntutan mutakhir yang terjadi dari revolusi industri 4.0 tersebut.

Terdapat sepuluh aspek yang perlu diperhatikan manajemen sumber daya manusia dalam mensikapi dan merespon Revolusi Industri 4.0 yaitu: (1)Perspektif Stratejik, (2)Ketenagakerjaan, (3)Manajemen Kinerja, (4)Menemukan Bakat, (5)Pelatihan, (6)Manajemen Berbasis Data, (7)Proteksi Informasi, (8)Lingkungan Kerja, (9)Media Sosial, (10)Kesimbangan dalam Kerja dan Kehidupan.
Una inmersión lingüística en la novela galdosiana. (Rafael Rodríguez Marín, La lengua como elemento caracterizador en las «Novelas españolas contemporáneas» de Galdós, pról. de Manuel Seco, Universidad de Valladolid, 1996, 212 págs.)
Authors: Gabino Juan Pedro
Published: August 2020

Reseña del libro "Una inmersión lingüística en la novela galdosiana".
CHMSC-BFAR Community Based Environmental Conservation
Authors: Genova Elenuel T. , Abeto Mario N. , Lebrilla Noel N.
Published: August 2020

In 2012, The Philippine National Aquasilviculture Project (PNAP) was forged and formally launched by the Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DABFAR). To implement the PNAP, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) was executed by and between BFAR and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) on December 16, 2011. The study was conducted to assess the status and development of the PNAP program implemented in Southern Negros, at four (4) Municipalities and two (2) Cities. The BFAR downloaded a total fund amounting Php 10,148,812.50 for the four (4) phases of the program wherein, the Php 6,422,762.5 was spent for resource rehabilitation (mangrove planting); Php 845,000.00 for Aquasilviculture; Php 1,140,000.00 for Multi-species hatchery and Php 1,741,050.00 for administrative costs. The total paid mangrove propagules planted in Southern Negros was 978,000 with 30% buffer with a total of 1,144,260 survived propagules planted in 130.4 hectares of coastal land in Southern Negros and commensurate 673 direct beneficiaries. The 274 fisherfolk beneficiaries augmented income from Aquasilviculture project while a total of 1,284 berried wild bluecrab which estimated to produce up to 2 million eggs have been reared in Multi-species hatchery. A conservative estimate of 1% survival in natural habitat under natural conditions represented the contribution of the project for the beleaguered bluecrab capture fisheries. The beneficiaries really appreciate the efforts made by CHMSC-Binalbagan as program implementer based on their responses on the given important factors of service delivery to the community.
GIS Based Services Using Network Analysis of Khartoum North
Authors: Babiker Mohamed Elamin Ahmed , Idris Hajir Khaild Elshaikh
Published: August 2020

A Geographical Information System (GIS) utility, such as network analysis is a tool used to solve common network problem, This study is intended to use GIS as a tool of analyzing. integrating and displaying information. the overall activities of the work were concentrated around sub area selected as the study site in the Khartoum north city (Khartoum ) of main capital, Sudan .To demonstrate the use of road network analysis, this project focused on determining the best route between too destinations , the closest facility from a given incident , and a service area for a given facility . The present study attempt to analyze the potential use of network analysis in defining the optimal service area of different services such as hospitals, schools and university of Khartoum north. Generally for the purposes of this project ,distance is taken as impedance in order to find the best route and the closest facility and that of travel time is taken as impedance in order to find the service area.
GIDA GÜVENLİĞİ VE COVID-19
Authors: TAYAR Mustafa
Published: August 2020

Özet İnsanlık İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan bu yana en büyük biyolojik felaketlerinden birini yaşamaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisi, sadece bir sağlık sorunu olmaktan çıkmış; toplum, ekonomi, kültür, siyaset ve güvenlik bağlamında bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Henüz sonuçlarını kestirmek mümkün olmasa da salgının, uluslararası sistem için bir dönüm noktası olacağı yaygın bir kanıdır. COVID-19 pandemisi bir sağlık sorunu olmakla birlikte, birçok açıdan bir gıda güvenliği sorunudur. COVID-19, gastrointestinal sistem değil, solunum yoluyla bulaşan bir hastalık olmasına rağmen, ortalama bir gıda tüketicisi bu konuda endişelidir . İnsanların COVID-19 virüsünü gıda veya gıda ambalajından almaları pek olası değildir. COVID-19 solunum yolu hastalığıdır ve birincil bulaşma yolu kişiden kişiye temas yoluyla ve enfekte bir kişi öksürdüğünde veya hapşırdığında üretilen solunum damlacıkları ile doğrudan temas yoluyla olur. Solunum yolu hastalıklarına neden olan virüslerin gıda veya gıda ambalajı yoluyla bulaştığına dair kanıt yoktur. Koronavirüsler gıdalarda çoğalamaz; çoğalması için bir hayvana veya insan konakçıya gereksinim duyar. Gıda endüstrisi, gıda güvenliği risklerini yönetmek ve gıda kontaminasyonunu önlemek için Tehlike Analizi ve Kritik Kontrol Noktası (HACCP) ilkelerine dayanan Gıda Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemlerine sahip olmalıdır. Gıda güvenliği, ulusal güvenliğin en önemli bileşenlerinden biridir. Gıda güvenliğinin ve yaşanacak öngörülmez şoklara karşı gıda elastikiyetinin sağlanması ulusal güvenlik için vazgeçilmez bir önceliktir.COVID-19 sonrası dünyada mevcut gıda sistemlerinde köklü değişiklikler yapılması gerektiği anlaşılmaktadır. COVID-19'un yayılmasını durdurmak ve sağlıklı kalmak için dünya çapında tek tp tek sağlık yönergeleri takip edilmelidir. Bilim kuruluşları ve devlet kurumlarının koordine çalışması ile salgın sona erecektir.
Demand Analysis for Solid Fuel and Its Substitutes as Domestic Energy in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwuemeka Ehirm Nnamdi , Osuji Emeka Emmanuel
Published: August 2020

Purpose: This study aims to model the demand analysis for solid fuel and its substitute for domestic cooking energy among households in Imo State.

Methods: Data on socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, monthly expenditure on energy used for domestic cooking, unit prices, and quantity of different energy sources were collected using a multi-stage sampling technique from 262 households I Imo State. Data were analyzed using descriptive, quartile distribution and QUAIDS inferential statistics to achieve the objectives of the study.

Results: The empirical analysis of the demand for household energy usage revealed that the quadratic expenditure term is statistically significant in firewood, sawdust, and wood-shaving expenditure share equations. It implies that their null hypothesis of expenditure linearity is strongly rejected. Furthermore, the prices and demographics of the household head significantly influence the budget shares of the different energy used. Expenditure elasticity of all the energy sources are elastic.  Own price (Marshallian and Hicksian) of firewood, sawdust, and kerosene are price elastic while charcoal and wood-shaving are price inelastic. The Uncompensated Marshallian's cross elasticity of almost all energy sources are complementary. However, the result of the compensated- Hicksian's cross elasticity values indicated that almost all the energy uses are substitutable except for firewood – charcoal, firewood-wood shaving, firewood-kerosene, and sawdust-wood shaving that are complementary.

Implications: The result indicates that the timber products and its substitutes demand domestic cooking follow both energy ladder and stacking principles as households can quickly switch to a better energy source at the same time exhibit their dynamism in the ability to combine both traditional and modern fuels to meet their domestic energy needs based on price and affordability. The study, therefore, recommends that younger females in the household should be targeted in demonstrating the demand for cleaner energy using educational facilities and reduction in unit prices of such energy in the area.
Resolución de problemas en cuatro pasos como proyección didáctica en el contexto de la enseñanza de la Física
Authors: Cabrera Zurita Alfonso , Ríos Campos Carlos Alberto , Camacho Delgado Freddy , Sánchez Medina Germán , Ríos Campos Pilar , Estela Urbina Ronald Omar , Gutiérrez Valverde Karina
Published: August 2020

En el contexto de la Escuela de Ingeniería Informática y de Sistemas de la Universidad Privada San Pedro, se analizó la dependencia del procedimiento para resolver problemas de Física I por medio de 4 pasos con respecto al rendimiento académico y actitudes de los estudiantes. Se estableció un grupo experimental y otro de control, se utilizó la enseñanza tradicional al grupo control y al grupo experimental se aplicó la solución de problemas de Física usando 4 pasos. Se concluyó, que el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes del grupo experimental había obtenido mejores puntajes que el grupo control.
Evaluation of body composition using computed tomography in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Authors: Ahn Sung Soo , Yoo Byung-Woo , Kwon Hyeok Chan , Yoo Juyoung , Jung Seung Min , Song Jason Jungsik , Park Yong-Beom , Lee Sang-Won
Published: August 2020

Background/Aims: Measures of body composition, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and skeletal muscle area (SMA), are considered important prognostic factors in chronic diseases. The association of these measures with auto-inflammatory disorders, such as anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), remains unclear. We investigated the clinical significance of VAT, SAT, and SMA in patients with AAV.Methods: Patients with AAV subjected to chest computed tomography (CT), abdominal CT, or positron emission tomography-CT on diagnosis of AAV were evaluated. Quantitative assessment of VAT, SAT, and SMA was performed at the third lumbar vertebral level and computed by summing the pixel attenuation for tissue-specific Hounsfield units in the corresponding region. Associations of VAT, SAT, and SMA with clinical and laboratory data and clinical outcome measures were evaluated.Results: Of the 117 patients, 61 (52.1%) were classified as having microscopic polyangiitis, 28 (23.9%) as granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and 28 (23.9%) as eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. VAT significantly correlated with age, weight, body mass index (BMI), and Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, whereas SAT correlated with weight, BMI, and creatinine levels. A significant association was found between SMA and age, height, weight, BMI, and the Five-Factor Score. Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that creatinine levels (odds ratio [OR], 1.346; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.034 to 1.753; p = 0.027) and high VAT (OR, 7.137; 95% CI, 1.343–37.946; p = 0.021) were independently associated with all-cause mortality during follow-up.Conclusions: Evaluation of VAT using CT is useful for estimating disease activity and all-cause mortality in patients with AAV.
Oncogenic and tumor suppressor function of MEIS and associated factors
Authors: GİRGİN Birkan , KARADAĞ-ALPASLAN Medine , KOCABAŞ Fatih
Published: August 2020

MEIS proteins are historically associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and invasion in cancer. MEIS and associated PBX-HOX proteins may act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in different cellular settings. Their expressions tend to be misregulated in various cancers. Bioinformatic analyses have suggested their upregulation in leukemia/lymphoma, thymoma, pancreas, glioma, and glioblastoma, and downregulation in cervical, uterine, rectum, and colon cancers. However, every cancer type includes, at least, a subtype with high MEIS expression. In addition, studies have highlighted that MEIS proteins and associated factors may function as diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for various diseases. Herein, MEIS proteins and associated factors in tumorigenesis are discussed with recent discoveries in addition to how they could be modulated by noncoding RNAs or newly developed small-molecule MEIS inhibitors.
Familial Mediterranean fever, from pathogenesis to treatment: a contemporary review
Authors: TUFAN Abdurrahman , LACHMANN Helen J
Published: August 2020

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) (OMIM #249100) is the most common hereditary autoinflammatory disease in the world. FMF is caused by gain of function mutations of MEFV gene which encodes an immune regulatory protein, pyrin. Over the last few years, we have witnessed several new developments in the pathogenesis, genetic testing, diagnosis, comorbidities, disease related damage and treatment approaches to FMF. Elucidation of some of the pathogenic mechanisms has led to the discovery of pathways involved in inflammatory, metabolic, cardiovascular and degenerative diseases. The use of next generation sequencing in FMF has revealed many new gene variants whose clinical significance may be clarified by developing functional assays and biomarkers. Clinically, although FMF is considered an episodic disease characterized by brief attacks, recent systematic studies have defined several associated chronic inflammatory conditions. Colchicine is the mainstay of FMF treatment, and interleukin (IL)-1 antagonists are the treatment of choice in refractory or intolerant cases. Experience of IL-1 antagonists, anakinra and canakinumab, is now available in thousands of colchicine resistant or intolerant FMF patients. In this contemporary review, we surveyed current FMF knowledge in the light of these recent advances.
À propos du numérique : des relations dynamiques et des questions sociétales
Authors: Schneider Benoît
Published: August 2020

À la transition des deux siècles, les technologies numériques de l’information et de la communication (TNIC) ont émergé puis ont pris une place croissante, voire exponentielle dans notre monde économique, social et culturel, transformant profondément nos rapports aux autres, aux environnements, aux apprentissages, aux identités personnelles et collectives. Les psychologues du développement, en France, ne se sont pourtant que très progressivement saisis de ces questions. Cette introduction propose de repérer quelques lignes directrices rendant compte de l’émergence progressive de questions de recherche. Nous avons également tenté de les situer au regard du contexte sociétal qui les suscite et qu’elles contribuent à orienter. Les travaux présentés dans ce numéro thématique s’inscrivent dans cette démarche.
Utilisation des jeux vidéo en réseau par les enfants : motivation, adaptation sociale et affective selon le genre
Authors: Berdot-Talmier Laurence , Zaouche-Gaudron Chantal
Published: August 2020

L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’adaptation sociale et affective des enfants qui utilisent les jeux vidéo en fonction des différentes motivations mobilisées et du genre. Une enquête par questionnaire a été réalisée dans 15 établissements scolaires de la région Occitanie auprès de 295 enfants qui jouent à des jeux vidéo, soit 180 garçons et 115 filles, de 10,6 d’âge moyen (σ = 1,018). Le Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire de Goodman (1997), traduit en langue française, qui mobilise les représentations parentales, a permis d’appréhender l’adaptation socio-affective et comportementale des enfants. Les enfants ont répondu à deux auto-questionnaires, interrogeant pour le premier la fréquence et la durée, le dispositif numérique, le lieu d’utilisation et les partenaires de la communication sur les jeux vidéo en réseau ; pour le second, les différentes motivations recherchées dans le jeu vidéo. Nos résultats indiquent que les garçons pratiquent davantage cette activité que les filles et que la grande majorité des enfants se situent dans la norme comportementale de l’adaptation socio-affective. La communication avec des enfants inconnus n’est pas préjudiciable alors que le fait de jouer à des jeux vidéo dans un but de compensation sociale peut être délétère pour leur adaptation. Bien que certains facteurs aient une légère influence, de façon générale, l’utilisation modérée du jeu vidéo ne semble pas compromettre l’adaptation sociale et affective des enfants.
Comment et pourquoi mobiliser les émigrés ? Approche comparée des partis politiques à l’étranger. Avant-propos
Authors: Kernalegenn Tudi , Van Haute Émilie
Published: August 2020

Les littératures sur les partis politiques et sur le transnationalisme ne se sont presque jamais croisées. Les partis politiques à l’étranger constituent donc un angle mort académique. L’introduction présente une vue d’ensemble des principales questions et débats théoriques, souligne les lacunes existantes et valorise l’importance d’une meilleure compréhension du phénomène croissant des partis politiques à l’étranger. Elle soutient que les partis à l’étranger sont les acteurs d’une nouvelle arène pour la citoyenneté et la politique partisane. La généralisation du vote à l’étranger et le développement d’institutions représentatives des émigrés ont transformé et renforcé les liens civiques et politiques entre les États et leur diaspora. Cela a également créé de nouvelles opportunités pour les entrepreneurs politiques et les partis politiques, avec pour mission de toucher les citoyens vivant à l’étranger. Les partis à l’étranger se caractérisent toutefois par une grande diversité de formes et de fonctions, comme le met en exergue une proposition de typologie. L’introduction esquisse enfin la structure générale du dossier et décrit comment les divers articles s’inscrivent dans cette question générale.
Comparison of Doxycycline Hyclate Release from Beta-Cyclodextrin Based In Situ Forming Systems for Periodontal Pocket Targeting
Authors: Tuntarawongsa Sarun , Mahadlek Jongjan , Lertsuphotvanit Nutdanai , Phaechamud Thawatchai
Published: August 2020

The release behavior of doxycycline hyclate (DH) from beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in situ gels (ISG) and in situ microparticles (ISM) was investigated using dialysis tube method and direct contact method compared to that from DH solution. From dialysis tube method, DH released completely from solution within 8 h, while it released with more sustainable from ISM and ISG completely at 12 h and 28 h, respectively. The release pattern of them was similar when tested using direct contact method (released completely at 9 days). The DH release from dialysis tube method of all systems was a first order kinetic. DH release from ISM using direct contact method fitted well with a Higuchi’s equation. The dialysis tube method was suitable for determining formula factors affecting the drug release behavior. However, to simulate the pocket condition with contact area is limited, the drug release test with direct contact method was preferred than dialysis tube method.
Development and Characterization of Gantrez® S-97 and Hyaluronic Acid Microneedles for Transdermal Fluorescein Sodium Delivery
Authors: Suriyaamporn Phuvamin , Rangsimawong Worranan , Opanasopit Praneet , Ngawhirunpat Tanasait
Published: August 2020

Microneedles (MNs) are attractive micron scale technology, which has been used as a physical force to create transport pathways and enhance the permeability of drugs into the skin. Fluorescein sodium (FS), a hydrophilic drug was loaded in MNs for transportation through skin. The purposes of this study were to develop and evaluate the optimal formulation of FS-loaded polymeric microneedles (MNs) as a device for transdermal drug delivery system. The FS-MNs were fabricated by micro-molding technique and prepared by using Gantrez® S-97 (G) and hyaluronic acid (HA). The physical appearances were observed under digital microscope. The mechanical properties were determined by a texture analyzer. The insertion study was tested on neonatal porcine skin. The MNs height changing after insertion into the skin at predetermined times was measured to show dissolution ability of MNs. Finally, the drug permeation profile of FS-MNs was investigated by Franz diffusion cell. For the results, all formulations were complete fabrication of conical microneedle array (11 rows x 11 columns in 10 mm2 patch area) with average 600 + 20 μm in height, 300 + 5 μm in width, and 600 + 10 μm in interspace. The percent decrease of MNs height in mechanical strength of 30%G+5%HA was significantly less than others at 1.8 to 8.8 N/121 array. The formulation mixing with 30% Gantrez® S-97 had 100% of penetration into porcine skin. The dissolution ability showed that MNs were completely dissolved within 60 minutes. At 24 h of skin permeation, the FS permeated through the skin from 1%FS solution, 30%G+1%FS MNs, and 30%G+5%HA+1%FS MNs was 1.00%, 4.27% and 7.53%, respectively. The flux values of 1%FS solution, 30%G+1%FS MNs, and 30%G+5%HA+1%FS MNs were 0.006 μg/cm2/min, 0.032 μg/cm2/min, and 0.037 μg/cm2/min, respectively, indicating the highest skin permeability of FS from 30%G+5%HA+1%FS MNs. In conclusion, the 30%G+5%HA+1%FS formulation presented appropriate MNs properties as a device for transdermal drug delivery system.
The Solution Improvement of Quercetin Using Spontaneous Emulsification Systems
Authors: Weerapol Yotsanan , Tubtimsri Sukannika
Published: August 2020

Quercetin has been used for health promotion for instance anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulative, antineoplastic and antioxidant. The poorly water-soluble quercetin has been a significant problem of bioavailability for oral administration. The objective of this study was to improve the quercetin solubility by spontaneous emulsion formulation (SEF). SEF was fabricated by dissolved quercetin in mixture of polyoxyl 35 castor oil, diethylene glycol monoethy ether, caprylic/capric glyceride. The solid-SEF was obtained by incorporation with solid carrier adsorbent (magnesium aluminometasilicate). The photon correlation spectroscopy was used to determine the emulsion size of diluted SEF and solid-SEF. The power X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were also employed to elucidate the powder of solid-SEF compared with unmodified quercetin. The dissolution profiled at 120 min of unmodified quercetin, SEF and solid-SEF was about 2%, 77% and 89%, respectively.
Effects of the Combination of Organic Filter and Inorganic Metal Oxides and the Matrix Formulations on UV and Blue Light Protection Efficiencies
Authors: Chunnawong Onjira , Pitaksutepong Tasana
Published: August 2020

Other portion of solar spectrum apart from UV, particularly blue light, is currently reported to induce the damaging effects to human skin. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of tris-biphenyl triazine (TBPT) and inorganic metal oxides as well as the effect of the matrix formulations on UV and blue light protection efficiencies. The protection efficiency of various combinations against UVB, UVA and blue light was determined through sun protection factor (SPF), UVA protection factor (UVA-PF) and porphyrin protection factor (PPF), respectively. The results demonstrated that TBPT combined with nanosize titanium dioxide and blended iron oxides (TT60-IR) achieved the highest SPF and UVA-PF. On the other hand, TBPT combined with submicron-size titanium dioxide and blended iron oxides (TT300-IR) yielded the highest PPF value. The matrix formulation affected the scattering property of the filters (i.e. combined TBPT and inorganic metal oxides). Containing the same amount and types of the filters, the matrix formulation that possessed a high transparency property showed high scattering efficiency against the blue light.
Niosomes Encapsulated Anthocyanins Complex Loaded in a Topical Oral Gel
Authors: Limsitthichaikoon Sucharat , Priprem Aroonsri , Damrongrungruang Teerasak
Published: August 2020

Complexation of anthocyanin has been introduced to help improved anthocyanin stability. Slightly water solubility, after forming complex of anthocyanins, represents obstacle against formulation preparation. The objective of this study is to formulate topical gel containing anthocyanin for treating oral wound. Niosomes were introduced to help delivery anthocyanins and increasing permeability. Development and evaluation of anthocyanin complex (AC) gel and anthocyanin complex niosomes (ACN) gel have been compared in physicochemical properties such as particle size, zeta potential, homogeneity, release and permeation of the gel including stability of the gel formulations. The average size of AC of ~5 nm was increased to ~100 nm after encapsulated in niosomal vesicle. Similar to the particle size, zeta potential of ACN showed greater negatively charge than the AC. The cell viability of human gingival fibroblast (HGF) exposed to AC and ACN in a concentration of 2-2000 µg/ml for 24 h showed no significantly decreased compared to the cells treated with negative control (cell culture medium solution, p > 0.05). The adhesiveness of the AC gel is stronger than the ACN gel, but after applied onto the mucosal membrane, adhesiveness detected from ACN gel were insignificantly higher than those detected from AC gel (p > 0.05). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph observed AC immersed in gel-like background while ACN presented sphere-like unilamella vesicles with polymeric gel embedded in the niosomal vesicles. The AC gel and ACN gel showed a similar release pattern, but the ACN gel showed higher anthocyanin penetration than the non niosomes gel. High storage temperature affects the color of both AC gel and AC niosomes gel. Thus, our results indicate that AC gel and ACN gel provided appropriated release and permeation of active anthocyanin form, showed good stability and expressed no cytotoxicity supposed to be the proper formula for the future topical gel use.
Development of Electrospun Shellac and Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Blended Nanofibers for Drug Carrier Application
Authors: Chinatangkul Nawinda , Pengon Sirikarn , Piriyaprasarth Suchada , Limmatvapirat Chutima , Limmatvapirat Sontaya
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to develop the electrospun shellac (SHL) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) blended nanofibers for drug carrier application. The effects of polymer solution and electrospinning parameters, including SHL-HPC ratio, HPC concentration, applied voltage and flow rate, on the appearance of fibers were investigated. Based on the results, electrospun fiber was not obtained when a solution of HPC alone was employed. However, the fibers would be obviously fabricated as SHL was added to the HPC solution. An increase in the SHL ratio in SHL-HPC blended solution could accordingly lead to a remarkable enhance in the fiber diameter. In addition, the continuous nanofibers with less beads were gradually formulated when the HPC concentration was increased. The electrospinning parameters seemed to be significant. The elevation of infusion rate from 0.5 to 1 mL/h would contribute to the preparation of thick fibers with the diameters enlarging from 666.9 to 843.5 nm. With the applied voltage increasing from 15 to 30 kV during the electrospinning process, the fabrication of small nanofibers with the diameters reducing from 843.5 to 741.6 nm would be conducted. In this study, monolaurin (ML), a broad antimicrobial agent, was encapsulated into the SHL-HPC carrier for the purpose of drug delivery application. Regarding the result, the loaded concentration of ML could not be enhanced by introducing HPC to the SHL fibers.
Effect of Processing Parameters on Release Profiles of Donepezil Hydrochloride-Loaded Microparticles
Authors: Sutthapitaksakul Lalinthip , Sriamornsak Pornsak
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of processing parameters on drug release profiles of microparticles. Double emulsion solvent evaporation technique was utilized to encapsulate donepezil hydrochloride which is a hydrophilic drug. The processing parameters examined were polymer amount, stirring time and volume of external aqueous phase. The morphology of microparticles was observed under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. After that, in vitro drug release testing was conducted in simulated salivary fluid (pH6.75) and simulated gastric fluid (pH1.2). The results showed that these three parameters were the significant parameter affecting drug release profiles of the microparticles.
Optimization for Powder Yield of Spray-Dried Garlic Extract Powder Using Box-Behnken Experimental Design
Authors: Khumpirapang Nattakanwadee , Srituptim Supreeya , Kriangkrai Worawut
Published: August 2020

Garlic exerts its pharmacological activities; antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemia, antihypercholesterolemic, and antihypertensive activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and optimize the influence of the individual and interactive effect of process conditions variables on the yield of garlic extract powders by three factors and three level-Box-Behnken design under response surface methodology. Spray drying processes the transformation of a garlic juice extract into a dried powder, where usually maltodextrin (MD) as a drying agent is used. According to experimental design, the mixing of garlic juice extract (85 – 95 %w/w) and MD (5 – 15 %w/w) were dried at an air inlet temperature 110°C - 150°C and liquid feed flow rate 5 – 35 rpm. The optimum spray-drying process conditions which maximized the yield of garlic extract powder (31%w/w) were found as follows: air inlet temperature of 150°C, the liquid feed flow rate of 16 rpm, and 5 %w/w MD. The experimental values slightly closed to the corresponding predicted values. Hence, the developed model was adequate and possible to use.
Differential Scanning Calorimetric Analysis for Incompatibility: Sodium Stearate/Magnesium Stearate and Acidic Compounds
Authors: Chaiya Pornsit , Phaechamud Thawatchai
Published: August 2020

Compatibility investigation was performed between stearate lubricants (sodium stearate and magnesium stearate) and acidic pharmaceutical compounds (ibuprofen, indomethacin and valproic acid) and citric acid as acidic pharmaceutical excipient using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Alteration in DSC thermogram was found in all mixtures. There was a presence of melting endothermic peak of stearic acid in all mixtures (except that of stearate lubricants and indomethacin) indicating breakage of salt form of stearate lubricants depended on the physicochemical properties of drug compounds and pharmaceutical excipient. Therefore, the avoidance for using stearate lubricants with acidic pharmaceutical compounds and excipient should be concerned in development of pharmaceutical formulations.
Development of Clove Oil In Situ Gels for Buccal Mucoadhesive
Authors: Panomsuk Suwannee , Keawsri Kunyakorn , Limsatjapanit Chanapa , Asaneesantiwong Nutcha , Chomto Parichat , Satiraphan Malai
Published: August 2020

Clove oil is the volatile essential oil obtained from Syzygium aromaticum. Eugenol, which is the main component, has antimicrobial, antifungal activity and antioxidant. From antiseptic activity, clove oil can be used in treatment of oral cavity infection. The aims of this research are to formulate and evaluate clove oil mucoadhesive gel for oral applications. Gel bases were prepared from Poloxamer 407 (P407). The effect of clove oil, P407 and xanthan gum on formulations were studied. Clove oil preparations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties (physical appearance, pH, viscosity, gelling capacity and gel dissolving time at 37 °C in artificial saliva). Mucoadhesive property was studied using porcine buccal mucosa. The amount of eugenol in clove oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Stability study of clove oil gel was performed under stress and room temperature conditions (1 month). The results showed that preparations containing 0% and 1% clove oil were in situ gel while those containing 3% and 5% clove oil were gel. All formulations showed good and clear physical appearance with the pH value of 5.2. The gelling capacity and gel dissolving time of more than 15 minutes in artificial saliva at 37°C was found in all preparations. They also showed mucoadhesive property. The GC results showed that the amount of eugenol in clove oil were 99.52 ± 0.51 %V/V. The preparations containing 1% clove oil showed good physical and chemical stability after storage at room temperature for 1 month. There was no significant difference in the amount of eugenol after storage (p>0.05). In conclusion, the preparations containing 20% P407 and 1% clove oil are the most appropriate formulation.
Eremita alter philosophus: pojmovanje askeze v poganski in krščanski filozofiji
Authors: Bobovnik Nena , Derhard Gina
Published: August 2020

Izhajajoč iz označitve puščave kot najprimernejšega kraja za posvečanje filozofiji, ki jo v Hvalnici puščave (De laude eremi) poda Evherij Lyonski, članek raziskuje krščansko recepcijo antične poganske filozofije, zlasti z ozirom na askezo. V skladu s Hadotovim pojmovanjem antične filozofije kot načina življenja se v prvi polovici osredotoča na koncept in prakso askeze, ki se je izražala v obliki »duhovnih vaj« ali telesne vzdržnosti. Ob ugotovitvi, da sta obe dimenziji askeze obstajali že v klasični grški filozofiji, se kot differentia specifica krščanske askeze izkaže fizična osamitev – odhod krščanskih asketov v puščavo. Članek tako v drugi polovici izpostavi poistovetenje filozofije z meništvom in sledi njeni asimilaciji v kontekst krščanske askeze, ki osamitev umesti med temeljne kriterije »filozofije«.
The economics of Basil Moore: slow progress toward horizontalism
Authors: Rochon Louis-Philippe
Published: August 2020

While Basil Moore is well known for his view on endogenous money, very little is known about how he got there, and how his views might have evolved through time. This paper examines Moore's early views, pre-Horizontalists and Verticalists, and explains how Moore's views are rooted in a traditional Keynesian Tobin approach. But Moore's sabbatical at the University of Cambridge in 1970, when he met Paul Davidson and Joan Robinson, changed all that. Yet it would take him a full decade to fully embrace endogenous money.