bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
News and Announcements
Authors: Mead-Willis Sarah
Published: April 2016

The final months of 2011 brought to a close a banner year in children’s publishing, with the announcement of major book awards both in Canada and abroad. In November, the Canada Council for the Arts announced the winners of the 2011 Governor General’s Literary Awards. In the children’s-lit categories, Cybèle Young’s Ten Birds and Caroline Merola’s Lili et les poilus won for illustration, while Christopher Moore’s From Then to Now: A Short History of the World and Martin Fournier’s Les aventures de Radisson: L’enfer ne brûle pas took home top honours for text. November also saw the announcement of the prestigious National Book Awards in the New York City. Among the winners was Thanhha Lai’s Vietnam War saga Inside Out and Back Again, which placed first in the Young People’s Literature category. Nor is 2012 off to an inauspicious start. In January, Canadian-born author Moira Young won a Costa Book Award for her debut YA novel, Blood Red Road. The Costa Book Awards, formerly the Whitbread Book Awards, recognize fiction that combines popular appeal with literary merit.
Big Brothers Don't Take Naps by L. Borden
Authors: Sivak Allison
Published: April 2016

Borden, Louise. Big Brothers Don't Take Naps. Illus.Emma Dodd. New York: Margaret K. McElderry Books, 2011. Print.A sweet, playful look at what older siblings do for their adoring youngers. The book is large-format, and Dodd often draws the children actual-size, which can make for an immersive feel of being in the page. The drawings are fairly simple ink drawings, which emphasize the emotions of the characters well, and they use much colour. The design also plays with fonts and text layout, making space for the adult reader to be a bit more playful in the reading – for example, the rocket ship countdown. As well as naming all the things big brothers can do, the story hints at a family secret: a new baby sister is coming, so Nicholas can himself now be a big brother. The book is a warm, positive story that children up to Kindergarten age will love.Recommended: 3 out of 4 starsReviewer: Allison SivakAllison Sivak is the Assessment Librarian at the University of Alberta Libraries. She is currently pursuing her PhD in Library and Information Studies and Elementary Education, focusing on how the aesthetics of information design influence young people’s trust in the credibility of information content.
Not My Girl by C. Jordan-Fenton & M. Poliak-Fenton
Authors: Campbell Sandy
Published: April 2016

Jordan-Fenton, Christy and Margaret Poliak-Fenton.  Not My Girl.  Vancouver: Annick Press, 2014. Print.When Margaret Poliak-Fenton was eight years old, she was sent to a residential school at Aklavik, NWT.  Poliak-Fenton and Christy Jordan-Fenton have told her story of going to Aklavik in Fatty Legs and the picture book version, When I was Eight.  They told the story about coming home in A Stranger at Home.  Not My Girl is the picture book version of A Stranger at Home and the sequel to When I Was Eight.   The story is a poignant one of a child returning home to her Inuvialuit village after two years’ absence to find that her mother rejects her and she no longer fits in.  She knew how to "recite verses and make [her] bed", but did not know how to "set traps, skin hares or pluck geese".  The first person presentation of the story makes it easy to identify with Margaret as she struggles to re-adapt to her family and community's hunting and fishing way of life. While the text is not complex, it is probably more appropriate for the upper end of the recommended Grade 1 – 4 reading level.  The story is tightly written and includes a parallel story in which Margaret takes a puppy from its mother, who rejects it later because he "no longer carries his family's scent".  Gabrielle Grimard's brightly coloured images support the story.  They provide both suggestion and detail.  For example, backgrounds and landscapes are often broad swaths of colour, while the decorative hems and cuffs of clothing are quite detailed.This is an excellent volume that should be included in public and elementary school collections across Canada and also in academic collections that include Canadian children's literature.Highly recommended:  4 stars out of 4 Reviewer: Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines.  Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
Une fausse note par F. Giguère
Authors: Gomez Leticia
Published: April 2016

Giguère, François. Une fausse note. Québec : Éditions Vents d’Ouest, 2014. Imprimé Une fausse note est le premier livre de François Giguère, un jeune retraité qui s’est lancé dans l’écriture après avoir gagné le concours littéraire Cerrdoc en 2000. Ce roman jeunesse qualifié de réaliste se situe entre le drame et la romance et se destine aux ados. Pour écrire cet ouvrage, l’auteur s’est inspiré des histoires vécues par ses quatre enfants lorsqu’ils étaient adolescents. Ainsi, ce livre traite entre autres de l’école et des premiers amours avec toutes les difficultés et les joies que cela peut comporter.Le titre Une fausse note est un jeu de mots faisant référence au thème principal du livre, la musique, et à la relation tendue entre Audrey et Sébastien. Audrey, personnage principal fait partie de l’ensemble musical de son école avec son amie Maude et son pire ennemi Sébastien. L’histoire débute avec la fin des vacances et par conséquent la rentrée. Julie St-Laurent, le professeur de musique prévoit pour cette nouvelle année scolaire un projet original qui consiste à faire jouer en duo ses élèves et ce avec un instrument différent de celui qu’ils utilisent dans l’harmonie. Ironie du sort, Audrey et Sébastien se retrouvent à travailler ensemble. Audrey, jeune adolescente au caractère bien trempée impose des limites très strictes à Sébastien qui l’aime en silence depuis si longtemps. Cependant, au fil de l’année scolaire, les choses évoluent et les deux coéquipiers finissent par s’avouer leurs sentiments. Mais les obligations professionnelles du père d’Audrey viendront chambouler leur relation. Le récit est donc une alternance d’événements dramatiques et romantiques qui tient le lecteur en haleine jusqu’à la toute dernière page.La typographie utilisée, la présence de minces interlignes et le nombre de page, soit 180, sont le signe d’un roman qui vise un lectorat âgé d’au moins 12 ans. Il faudra compter une dizaine d’heures pour qu’un bon lecteur puisse terminer ce roman passionnant. En ce qui concerne l’écriture, le style est plutôt classique, même dans les dialogues qui mettent le plus souvent en scène de jeunes ados.Si dans ce roman tout tourne autour de la musique, l’auteur aborde aussi le thème de la famille tel qu’on la connait aujourd’hui. Étant donné que cette histoire est très proche de ce que vivent les jeunes, le lecteur sera aussi amené à réfléchir sur sa relation à l’autre. Cela le fera sans aucun doute évoluer de manière positive. La véracité de certains éléments permettra également au lecteur de se reconnaître et ainsi vivre en héros le temps d’une lecture. Ce livre est donc parfait pour le lectorat adolescent qui s’intéresse à des textes en phase avec la vie actuelle.Note: quatre étoiles Critique: Leticia GomezLeticia étudie au Campus Saint-Jean depuis trois ans où elle effectue un baccalauréat en éducation secondaire avec une majeure en littérature. Elle écrit également des critiques littéraires pour le Franco, un journal francophone local.
Celebrating Beautifully Illustrated Children’s Books
Authors: Desmarais Robert
Published: April 2016

Dear Readers,The number of books arriving on my desk every year is large, and it may be no great surprise to know that I see many attractively illustrated children’s books. I wish we could review them all, but alas the amount of space in our journal is limited.  Ever since the publication of our first issue, I have been wondering what it would be like to be a child today with scores upon scores of beautifully designed and illustrated books available for enjoyment and acquisition at public libraries, bookstores, and online retailers. Of course, I had access to beautifully illustrated books when I was a child, just not nearly as many. It’s this bounty of riches in high quality book illustration that could signify that we are witnessing another golden age of children’s book illustration.Many scholars, critics, and avid readers will point to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as the first “golden age” of children’s book illustration largely because this is when so many imaginative and attractive books were published, many of which are now regarded as classics. Delightful pictures alone do not make a book exceptional, they must complement an excellent story and innovative design. But as you read the reviews in this issue and future issues it may be worthwhile to notice how many times our reviewers comment upon the fresh and innovative illustrations, and then ask yourself if we are indeed witnessing a new golden age in children’s book illustration. Enjoy our new issue!Best wishes,Robert DesmaraisManaging Editor
The Lonely Book by K. Bernheimer
Authors: Desmarais Robert
Published: April 2016

Bernheimer, Kate. The Lonely Book. Illus. Chris Sheban. New York: Random House, 2012. Print.This charming story about a well-loved book will not easily be forgotten. It’s the sort of picture book I would have loved to discover during my childhood visits to the public library. The tale begins in a classic fairytale style, “Once there was a brand-new book that arrived at the library.” As the story unfolds, young readers learn all sorts of details about the inner workings of a public library, including the custom that many of the newest books are placed on a special shelf in a high traffic area.The “lonely book” of this story initially had a popular and fulfilling life on the new book shelf but eventually it is relegated to the children’s section, along with countless other well-loved titles. Years pass, the book becomes a little tattered and worn, and is now checked out all too infrequently. Then, one morning, a little girl named Alice discovers it and falls in love with the story about the girl and her life under a toadstool, and so she takes it home. “The book had never felt so beloved.” Readers will discover how lonely it becomes when Alice forgets to renew her old book, and especially so when it begins a new life in the library’s storage basement. In time, Alice longs for her favourite book and despairs that she may never see it again. The story ends on a cheerful note, however, when Alice is reunited with her once cherished book at the library’s big book sale.For those of us who understand what it is like to cherish a book from our childhood, this book will bring back fond memories. The soft watercolour illustrations complement the story beautifully and they evoke a magical time when children fall in love with books, read them late into the night, fall asleep with them under their pillows, and dream sweet dreams about favourite characters and events.Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Robert DesmaraisRobert Desmarais is Head of Special Collections at the University of Alberta and Managing Editor of The Deakin Review of Children’s Literature. A graduate of the University of Toronto’s Faculty of Information Studies, with a Book History and Print Culture designation, he also has university degrees in English literature and publishing. He has been collecting and enjoying children’s books for as long as he can remember.
Learn to Speak Dance: A Guide to Creating, Performing & Promoting Your Moves by A.-M. Williams
Authors: Chatterley Trish
Published: April 2016

Williams, Ann-Marie. Learn to Speak Dance: A Guide to Creating, Performing & Promoting Your Moves. Toronto: Owlkids Books, 2011. Print. Following on the success of Learn to Speak Music by John Crossingham, dancer and dance teacher Ann-Marie Williams has compiled a second volume in the Learn to Speak series that explores the many and varied aspects of dance. The book begins with an explanation of what dance is and why we do it, then takes the reader through the stages of starting out in dance, setting up your own dance group, developing choreography, performing, and promoting your work. It ends with a brief description of a small sampling of dance styles including belly dance, Bollywood, and Broadway. Scattered throughout are quotes from current professional dancers and dance judges (mainly Canadians!) representing a wide range of styles, as well as recommendations for movies and dance videos to watch that each provide excellent examples of different elements of the dance world. The book is packed full with fun illustrations with simple, rotating colour schemes. Jeff Kulak’s drawings are sometimes abstract, sometimes cartoonlike, but unfortunately sometimes display very awkward-looking body positions and odd-looking faces. If readers are expecting a how-to guide about how to dance, they will be disappointed. Books are not the best format for learning how to move anyway. Instead, they will find more of a focus on the business side of things such as how to work well in a group, what happens backstage with lighting and sound, tips on developing a website and putting together a press release. The target age range of 9 to 13 might therefore be a bit young for this type of information. The content might be better suited for those in their upper teens who are setting up dance crews after school and are more likely to want to start organizing their own dance programs. The book aims to make dance accessible, and encourages kids with or without any experience to explore the various facets of dance. It takes a very supportive tone, and includes good suggestions for building confidence and finding your personal style. The author is definitely knowledgeable about dance and has a lot of excellent and informative advice to share. Young readers will likely require adult help, though, if trying to follow many of the recommendations. Recommended: 3 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Trish ChatterleyTrish is a Public Services Librarian for the John W. Scott Health Sciences Library at the University of Alberta. In her free time she enjoys dancing, gardening, and reading books of all types.
A study on the imminence of the global financial crisis
Authors: Jonathan Dave
Published: April 2016

The financial crisis has been a concern for everyone in the world community especially the central bank’s governors of nations worldwide. Post 2008 sub prime crisis is no more over. It is there and it can be calculated in present terms too. This paper, will analyze the instances which can easily predict the expected existence of the financial crisis globally.
How sleep affects the brain development
Authors: Gupta Tara
Published: April 2016

Inquire about emphatically proposes that rest, which constitutes around 33% of our lives, is essential for learning and shaping long haul recollections. Yet, precisely how such memory is framed is not surely knew and stays, regardless of extensive exploration, a focal inquiry of request in neuroscience. Neuroscientists at the University of California, Riverside report this week in the Journal of Neuroscience that they now may have a response to this inquiry. Their study accommodates the first run through a robotic clarification for how profound rest (likewise called moderate wave rest) might be advancing the solidification of late recollections.
How Alkenes and alkynes differs from each other- A comparative study
Authors: Kohli Sanjeev
Published: April 2016

Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain carbon-carbon triple bonds. A number of the responses of alkynes are like the comparing responses of alkenes on the grounds that both include π-bonds between two carbon molecules. Like the π-obligation of an alkene, the π-obligations of an alkyne are additionally electron rich, and promptly experience option responses.
How can education help in climate management- A contemporary review
Authors: Ali Mohammad
Published: April 2016

This paper demonstrates that, by enhancing learning, imparting values, encouraging convictions and moving dispositions, training has impressive energy to help people reexamine ecologically unsafe ways of life and conduct. In this way, training ought to frame part of the arrangements proposed from the COP. The fruition of more elevated amounts of instruction does not naturally interpret into more mindful conduct towards the earth. Be that as it may, as the persuasive Stern Review on environmental change noted: 'Instructing those as of now at school about environmental change will shape and manage future approach making, and an expansive open and worldwide level headed discussion will bolster today's strategy producers in making solid move now'.
Can privatization help in good education governance
Authors: Nair Deepak
Published: April 2016

There are long-standing civil arguments about whether offering the decision in the middle of private and state funded schools influences the value and nature of training frameworks. With minimal regulation, tuition based school development dangers happening in a spontaneous way, with little government oversight and possibly intensifying imbalance. With excessively, private suppliers could be prevented, and conceivable chances for extending school access could be diminished. This paper analyses as to how the privatization could be testified towards the good education governance. Is it good or otherwise for the sector?
A study on the nomenclature of Switched Networks
Authors: Shukla Pratibha
Published: April 2016

Systems are getting increasingly famous, and on account of this more individuals use them, which backs them off. Systems later on should have enough data transmission to bolster applications, similar to sight and sound, which require bigger transfer speed. Exchanging will change the way systems are outlined. These progressions will augment profitability. Exchanging innovation is expanding the proficiency and rate of systems. This innovation is making current frameworks all the more effective. Numerous systems are encountering transmission capacity deficiencies. There are a few purposes behind this including: an expansion in activity, since systems have such a large number of clients, Amount of information between customer/server applications, and the wasteful movement examples of generally systems.
How safe are we online: A study on the privacy security on internet
Authors: Mahajan Arun
Published: April 2016

As each era comes they carry with them another creation from autos to TV to the phone the fundamental presence of man, in my eyes, is to progress both mechanically, along these lines improving life for every one of us furthermore experimentally. Man needs to know all we need to have the capacity to answer every one of the inquiries out there as consistently passes by we get closer and nearer to noting some of our inquiries. Regular new cures for maladies are found furthermore new sicknesses are found, new revelations are made in different fields, in the meantime however new issues are emerging.
Integrated Methodology to Optimizes Production and Performance of Electrosubmersible Pump System in Shushufindi Field
Authors: Nuñez Gustavo , Rodriguez Juan Carlos , Carmona Fabiola , Esquivel Alfonso , Larez Ana , Dutan Jorge
Published: April 2016

Shushufindi is a mature oil producer field located in Ecuador; it was discovered in December 1968. For 20 years was development by foreign oil industry and then was transferred to national oil company. In February 2012 a contract was signed between Petroamazonas and Consorcio Shushufindi. Since this date until now the production has been incremented from 34800 bopd to 75000 bopd.

The main Artificial Lift system applied to the field is electro submersible pump (ESP). High water cut, scale, low pressure, gas production, corrosion and other are problems that have presented in the wells affecting the run life of ESP.

A Multidisciplinary team has been created to work on a plan to improve the artificial lift system performance and increase production through the application of a monitoring and optimization process.

Initially failure frequency was reported due to tubing casing communication, cable failure or motor failure. Therefore some optimization studies on these wells to use 12 and 18 pulses variable speed drive (VSD) instead of 6 pulses in order to minimize the harmonic distortion from the input side of the VSD. Where realize that, it is a common petroleum engineering practice to produce the oil with minimum operating cost, while maintaining the facilities to serve efficiently for its design life time. In the meantime the production rates of the well should be convenient to their capabilities. Any fault in the design of the proper production equipment for each well reduces the equipment life, increase maintenance cost, and workover need and, therefore, increase the total oil production cost.

Performance indicators were established to evaluate the performance of electrical submersible pumps from the beginning of the contract. The ESP average run life is 669 days.

On 2013 the percentage of indirect failures was 89.3% and direct failures 10.7%. Tubing Casing Communication failure is the most important which represents 49.7%.Actually there are 140 producers wells completed with ESP of which 64% has remote monitoring. Optimization studies on production parameters and operating conditions of ESP are continuously evaluated to perform increase of frequency, amperage consumption optimization, recommended operating range for ESP, downhole equipment replacement, equipment deeping, and others are done in order to increase production and ESP run life.
Saudi Aramco Trailblazing New ESP Monitoring Technology
Authors: Mutairi Khaled M. , Winarno Mulad Budi , Ledezma Fernando Diaz , Rafie Majid M , Chahid Raji
Published: April 2016

Downhole gauges for ESP systems typically use the motor power cable for communicating data to surface. This type of gauge technology, also known as “Comms on power,” has been in use for many years and has become a reliable method for monitoring pump and well performance. Downhole data acquisition also delivers benefits in reservoir management where continuous data from the well is required. Any loss of this downhole data has a significant impact to accurately understanding the well performance and reservoir recovery.

Current gauge technology is susceptible to problems when the insulation on the motor cable ages or is damaged. This means that the gauge signal will be lost when a ground fault occurs, even if the ESP motor continues to drive the pump and the gauge itself is undamaged. Current ESP gauges also typically provided slower data rates than permanent gauges that have dedicated instrument lines to surface.

In such situations there are two options to recover the downhole data; conventional data acquisition using wireline or workover to repair the ground fault. Both required additional operational cost. Furthermore, any opportunities to obtain improved ESP monitoring and continuous data acquisition for reservoir management are gone.

Saudi Aramco has been engaged in several years of technology trials carried out in Saudi Arabia leading to a successful field trial of a new downhole sensor system. Saudi Aramco's drive for continuous data when the ESP has experienced a ground fault has been the catalyst for the support given to this system. The system was installed in April 2013 in the Khurais field and is currently still running today — the system was confirmed to be fully functional in ground fault conditions. This paper presents the new technology, the history of trails and the installation, outlining the potential for future use.
A sensitive presence/absence test kit for detection of coliforms in drinking water
Authors: Tambi Ashish , Brighu Urmila , Gupta A. B.
Published: April 2016

Coliforms are the most widely accepted bacterial indicator of fecal pollution in water. Several commercially available portable kits make it possible to carry out on-site water quality testing, but are usually costly and often require technical expertise to operate. In developing countries like India, presence/absence test kits like the H2S test kits are commonly used for routine microbiological water quality examination. H2S test kits require an incubation time of more than 24 hours and often gives false positive results. In this research work, we have developed a low-cost and sensitive test kit (ColiPAT) for the detection of coliforms including Escherichia coli in drinking water. The kit can detect very low contamination levels down to 2 coliforms/100 mL within 18 hours at 35 °C. The ColiPAT kit does not lose its sensitivity in the typical indoor temperature range of 27 °C to 35 °C. ColiPAT is also affordable and easy to perform so that local populace can conduct the test independently. This paper presents the results of sensitivity and specificity analysis of a ColiPAT kit and its comparison with the H2S test kits as standardized using Colilert method.
Simulation of infiltration facilities using the SEEP/W model and quantification of flood runoff reduction effect by the decrease in CN
Authors: Yoo Chulsang , Ku Jung Mo , Jun Changhyun , Zhu Ju Hua
Published: April 2016

In this study, four infiltration facilities (permeable pavement, infiltration gutter, infiltration trench, and infiltration well) have been investigated and compared with their flood runoff reduction effect. The SEEP/W model was used to estimate the infiltration amount of each facility, and the flood runoff reduction effect was quantified by the decrease in curve number (CN). As a result of this study, we found that: (1) the infiltration could be successfully simulated by the SEEP/W model, whose result could also be quantified effectively by the decrease in CN; (2) among the four infiltration facilities considered in this study, the infiltration well and infiltration trench were found to be most efficient and economical; (3) finally, the intervention effect of the nearby infiltration facility was found not so significant. In an extreme case where the infiltration wells were located at 1 m interval, the intervention effect was found to be just 1%.
Agreement of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy Classification in People With Extremity Conditions
Authors: Takasaki Hiroshi
Published: April 2016

Background

In the McKenzie system of mechanical diagnosis and therapy (MDT), a reliable system for the management of spinal problems, classifications are used to guide management strategies. For the classification of extremity disorders, interexaminer agreement has not been investigated with patients.

Objective

The study objective was to investigate interexaminer agreement for provisional MDT extremity classification with patients.

Design

This was a reliability study with examiner masking.

Methods

A therapist with an MDT credential observed the assessments made by 2 therapists with MDT diplomas, who successively performed MDT assessments for 33 patients with extremity pain on the same day. Immediately after each evaluation, all 3 therapists assigned the most appropriate MDT classification from 15 categories; they were unaware of each other's selection. The observed agreement and the Cohen kappa were calculated for the MDT classifications.

Results

The observed agreement for the 15 MDT categories of classification between the therapist with an MDT credential and the first therapist with an MDT diploma was 78.8%. The Cohen kappa was .72 (95% confidence interval=.54, .89), indicating good agreement. However, the observed agreement between the 2 therapists with MDT diplomas when the patient was assessed separately was 42.4%. The Cohen kappa was .21 (95% confidence interval=.01, .41), indicating poor agreement.

Limitations

Study limitations included convenience sampling of patients, the small number of examiners, and the limited extremity experience of the therapists with MDT diplomas.

Conclusions

Interexaminer agreement for provisional MDT extremity classification was good when the examiners were seeing the same patient concurrently but poor when the patient was seen successively. Further studies are needed to establish which factors, including study method, are responsible for the divergent results of the MDT assessments of extremity disorders.
Efficient Water Electrolysis Using Ni2P as a Bifunctional Catalyst: Unveiling the Oxygen Evolution Catalytic Properties of Ni2P
Authors: Stern Lucas-Alexandre , Hu Xile
Published: April 2016

The excellent bifunctional catalytic activity of nickel phosphide (Ni2P) for water splitting is reported. Ni2P, an active hydrogen evolving catalyst, is shown to be highly active for oxygen evolution. Only 290 mV of overpotential is required to generate a current
density of 10 mA cm–2 in 1 M KOH. Under oxygen evolving conditions, Ni2P undergoes structural modification to form a Ni2P/NiOx core-shell assembly, the catalytic active species. Ni2P is applied on both electrodes of an alkaline electrolyser
and a current density of 10 mA cm–2 is generated at 1.63 V.
PLGA-PEG-supported Pd Nanoparticles as Efficient Catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions in Water
Authors: Dumas Anaëlle , Peramo Arnaud , Desmaële Didier , Couvreur Patrick
Published: April 2016

Chemical transformations that can be performed selectively under physiological conditions are highly desirable tools to track biomolecules and manipulate complex biological processes. Here, we report a new nanocatalyst consisting of small palladium nanoparticles stabilized on the surface
of PLGA-PEG nanoparticles that show excellent catalytic activity for the modification of biological building blocks through Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in water. Brominated or iodinated amino acids were coupled with aryl boronic acids in phosphate buffer in good yields. Interestingly,
up to 98% conversion into the coupled amino acid could be achieved in 2 h at 37 °C using the stable, water-soluble cyclic triolborate as organometallic partner in the presence of only 1 mol% of palladium. These results pave the way for the modification of biomolecules in complex biological systems such as the intracellular space.
Total Synthesis of Fijiolide A
Authors: Heinz Christoph , Cramer Nicolai
Published: April 2016

Fijiolide A is a secondary metabolite isolated from a marine-derived actinomycete of the genus Nocardiopsis. It was found to significantly reduce the TNF-? induced activity of the transcription factor NF?B, which is considered a promising target for the treatment
of cancer and inflammation-related diseases. We disclose an enantioselective synthesis of fijiolide A enabled by a fully intermolecular, yet regioselective cyclotrimerization of three unsymmetrical alkynes to construct its tetra-substituted arene core. An atropselective macroetherification
enables the assembly of the strained [2.6]paracyclophane motif. A late-stage glycosylation of the macrocyclic aglycone at its tertiary alcohol position allowed for the first total synthesis of fijiolide A.
Halogen Chemistry on Catalytic Surfaces
Authors: Moser Maximilian , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: April 2016

Halogens are key building blocks for the manufacture of high-value products such as chemicals, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. The catalytic oxidation of HCl and HBr is an attractive route to recover chlorine and bromine in order to ensure the sustainability of the production processes.
Very few materials withstand the high corrosiveness and the strong exothermicity of the reactions and among them RuO2 and CeO2-based catalysts have been successfully applied in HCl oxidation. The search for efficient systems for HBr oxidation was initiated by extrapolating
the results of HCl oxidation based on the chemical similarity of these reactions. Interestingly, despite its inactivity in HCl oxidation, TiO2 was found to be an outstanding HBr oxidation catalyst, which highlighted that the latter reaction is more complex than previously assumed.
Herein, we discuss the results of recent comparative studies of HCl and HBr oxidation on both rutile-type (RuO2, IrO2, and TiO2) and ceria-based catalysts using a combination of advanced experimental and theoretical methods to provide deeper molecular-level
understanding of the reactions. This knowledge aids the design of the next-generation catalysts for halogen recycling.
Improving three-dimensional (3D) range gated reconstruction through time-of-flight (TOF) imaging analysis
Authors: Chua S. Y. , Wang X. , Guo N. , Tan C. S. , Chai T. Y. , Seet G. L.
Published: April 2016

This paper performs an experimental investigation on the TOF imaging profile which strongly influences the quality of reconstruction to accomplish accurate range sensing. From our analysis, the reflected intensity profile recorded appears to deviate from Gaussian model which is commonly assumed and can be perceived as a mixture of noises and actual reflected signal. Noise-weighted Average range calculation is therefore proposed to alleviate noise influence based on the signal detection threshold and system noises. From our experimental result, this alternative range solution demonstrates better accuracy as compared to the conventional weighted average method and proven as a para-axial correction to improve range reconstruction in 3D gated imaging system.
Antitumor and apoptotic effects of bergaptol are mediated via mitochondrial death pathway and cell cycle arrest in human breast carcinoma cells
Authors: Ge Zhi-Cheng , Qu Xiang , Yu He-Fen , Zhang Hui-Ming , Wang Zi-Han , Zhang Zhong-Tao
Published: April 2016

The aim of the present research work was to investigate the anti-cancer and apoptotic effects of bergaptol in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The effects on cell cycle arrest and caspase activation were evaluated. MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of the compound on cell viability. Cellular morphology was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to analyze effect of bergaptol on cell cycle and apoptosis. The results revealed that bergaptol induced dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell viability showing IC50 value of 52.2 µM. Bergaptol induced both early and late apoptosis in concentration-dependent manner. After treatment with bergaptol, an increase in the proportion of cells in the S-phase (37.2, 45.3 and 65.1% as compared to 28.6% in untreated cells) and a reduction in the fraction of cells in the G1 phase (44.1, 41.6 and 35.2% as compared to 51.2% in the untreated cells) was observed.

 
Clinical, endoscopic and histologic evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients treated with proton pump inhibitor: a prospective study
Authors: Hossain Mir Jakib , Nuruzzaman Md , Islam Md Rafiqul , Hasan Md Nazmul , Islam Menhazul , Raihan ASMA
Published: April 2016

This study was done to demonstrate the histological changes in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) before and after proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy as well as, to evaluate the efficacy of PPI in patients with GERD and to find out the healing rate of erosion in erosive reflux disease after PPI therapy. This hospital based prospective study was conducted among 57 patients suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease who were recruited from the outpatient department of gastroenterology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. It was carried out from May 2008 to December 2008. Most of the GERD patients had non erosive disease (63.2% vs 36.8%). PPI was effective to relieve the major symptoms of GERD. In erosive group (n=21), at the end of 28th day, heartburn was present in 3(14.3%) patients. In non-erosive group (n=36), at the end of 28th day heartburn was present in 6(16.7%) patients. Changes in histological parameters were also found to be significant before and after therapy. GERD patients had characteristic histologic changes in lower esophagus and after 4 weeks of treatment with PPI, there was significant improvement of symptoms, endoscopic and histological features of reflux disease.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 121-124
Clinical and digital subtraction angiographic (DSA) evaluation of patients of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in a tertiary level hospital
Authors: Hasan Md Nazmul , Hoque Md Azharul , Rahman Kazi Mohibur , Hoque Md Harisul , Amin Md Rasul , Haque Mostashirul , Joarder Ariful Islam , Helal Ahsan Habib
Published: April 2016

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the morphological anatomy of cerebral vessels in patients of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from January 2013 to June 2013. Adult patients of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), diagnosed clinically and confirmed by CT scan of the head were included in the study. However, patients who are not capable financially of undergoing Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage and patients taking antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs and with comorbidities were excluded. A total of 30 subjects meeting the above eligibility criteria were selected consecutively from the study population. The present study demonstrated that 80% of the patients were 50 or younger than 50 years old (mean age 45.0 ± 9.4 years) with a male preponderance (60%). Sudden headache accompanied by vomiting was invariably complained by the patients at onset of Athe disease. On admission two-thirds (66.7%) of the patients were unconscious. 4 out of 30(16.65%) patients exhibited neurological deficit. Of the risk factors, hypertension and smoking demonstrated their significant presence (around 45%) among the patients studied. Based on Glasgow Coma Scale, 7(23.3%) patients out of 30 in the present study were in grade-v. Our data showed that the common site of aneurysm was anterior communication artery (36.7%) followed by middle cerebral artery (26.7%) and posterior communicating artery (23.3%). Saccular aneurysms formed the main bulk (93%) of the cases irrespective of anatomical distribution of aneurysm. In aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, aneurysms are mainly located in anterior communicating and middle cerebral arteries and of medium-sized. Majority are saccular type and narrow-necked.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 125-129
Occurrence of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be predicted by neutrophil lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Bhuiyan Mohammad Monzurul Alam , Islam Md Saiful , Ferdousi Sheuli , Borua Dhiman , Ghosh Mousumi , Akter Sharmin , Jabed Syed Md , Sultana Tuhin , Ahmed AN Nashimuddin
Published: April 2016

Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is the sign of balance between neutrophil & lymphocyte levels in the body and is an indicator of systemic inflammation. NLR is a new predictor for cardiovascular risk and mortality and by which occurrence of coronary artery disease can be predicted in type 2 DM patients. This case control study was conducted in the Department of Clinical pathology in collaboration with Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March 2014 to February 2015 to assess the NLR as a useful predictive marker for coronary artery disease in type 2 DM patients detected by coronary angiography. Total 134 patients waiting for coronary angiography in the Department of Cardiology, BSMMU were enrolled in this study. Among them, 84 patients were considered as Group A (DM with CAD). All of them had ? 50% coronary artery stenosis on coronary angiography. Fifty patients with DM but without CAD were enrolled in Group B and considered as controls. Statistically significant increased NLR was found in Group A (type 2 DM patients with CAD) compared to Group B (type 2 DM patients without CAD). So, NLR can be used to predict adverse outcome i.e. coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 DM.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 130-135
A Study on post partum breast problems of mothers attending at lactation management center (LMC)
Authors: Akter Sharmin , Tasnim Saria , Bhuiyan Mohammad Monzurul Alam , Hasan Amanat
Published: April 2016

Exclusive breast feeding is essential for the physical and mental development of the child. Post-partum breast problem may produce a obstacle on the way of successful breast feeding. So this study was conducted in ICMH, Matuail to find out common post-partum breast problems. All mothers attending at LMC after delivery with breast problems were included in the study. A total 114 samples were taken. All lactating mothers who gave their consent are to be included in the study and who are not willing to participate in the study were excluded. In our study, age distribution of mother shows, 35.96% of mothers were at the age of < 20 years, 58.77% were between 20-30 years and 5.26% were > 30 yrs of age. Among 114 patients, 91.22% of mothers were house wife and 8.77% were working Mother, timing of initiation of breastfeeding was, 12.28% initiated within 1 hours, 78.28% were within 1-12 hours, 4.38% were within 12-24 hours and exclusive breast feeding was given to 63.15% baby and first pre-lacteal feed was given to 36.84%, among them 71.42%. Common problem was, 46.49% mother suffered from not enough milk followed by, 20.17% for poor attachment, 17.54% suffered from breast engorgement and 7.89% suffered cracked nipple, inverted nipple was in 2.63% flat and sore nipple to 1.75% and nipple infection and breast abscess was present in 0.877% mothers. Among them, 100% mother were counseled about breast feeding, 78.95% mother were taught about proper position and attachment, hot or cold compression given to 35.09%, Oketani breast massage given to 30.7% and others to 13.16%. In our study all mothers were counseled on the benefit of breastfeeding at LMC. Further large long term cohort study should be carried out to see the postpartum breast problem during lactation.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 136-139
Patterns of contraceptive usage at family planning clinics in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Ajiboye Akinyosoye , Adesina Kikelomo T , Abdul Ishaq F , Ezeoke Grace G
Published: April 2016

This study was carried out to evaluate the pattern of contraceptive usage in family planning clinics of public hospitals within Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. It was a retrospective study carried out between January 2010 and December 2012 involving a total of 10,002 contraceptive users attended family planning clinics in the centers within this period. Over a half of the clients (56.6%) were within the age bracket of 30-39 years, and 1.4% were less than 20 years. Majority (79.8%) of the users had two or more children while 0.9% were nulliparas. The most preferred contraceptive method was the hormonal injectable (59.5%); the percentage of users of oral contraceptive pills was 9.6% and utilization of the male condoms was 6.9%. The user rate for intrauterine contraceptive device was 17.3% while it was 6.6% for hormonal implant. Surgical sterilization was utilized by 0.1%. The commonest source of information was from healthcare personnel accounting for 41.9% followed by the mass media (21.6%). There was a low level of acceptance amongst teenagers; the level of acceptance of surgical sterilization methods was also low. There is need to improve on information dissemination regarding contraceptive use, via the internet and social media for teenagers who tend to be more internet-savvy. The number and age of clients were statistically significant factors for patterns of contraceptive usage at various family planning clinics in Ilorin metropolis.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 140-145
Efficacy of intradiscal ozone gas therapy combined with physical therapy in contained lumber disc prolapse
Authors: Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Hosssain Md Shahadat , Amin Md Ruhul , Khasru Moshiur Rahman , Rahman Md Azizur , Khandaker Md Nuruzzaman , Uddin Md Taslim , Akhtaruzzaman AKM
Published: April 2016

Percutaneous intra-discal ozone therapy has promising results in contained lumber disc prolapse but the effectiveness of this treatment has been tested in large clinical studies show a positive outcome in 70%80% of patients. To increase success rate of ozone discectomy and prevention of disc surgery, intradiscal ozone therapy combined with physical therapy may bring new options for the management of low back pain (LBP) due to lumber disc prolpase. This prospective experimental study was done from August 2014 to Octber 2014 at the Popular Medical College Hospital, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh with the intention to assess the efficacy of percutaneous intra-discal ozone therapy combined with physical therapy in acute and chronic low back pain due to contained prolapsed intervertebral lumber disc (PLID). Seven (7) ml of oxygen-ozone mixture at a concentration of 30 mc/ml was injected in the disc by ozone resistant syringe over a period of 15-20 seconds. All patients got physiotherapy for 30 minutes, two times/day, up to two weeks and strictly maintained activities of daily living (ADL). The main outcome variable was VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) & ODI (Oswestry Disability Index). 100% patient experienced radiation of pain in the leg before ozone gas & physical therapy and 90% had relieved radiation till 4th week. The reduction of VAS score from baseline to four weeks following treatment was 8.0±1.63 to 0.30±0.95. Reduction of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) from baseline to four weeks following treatment was 37.7±6.5 to 15.8±1.0. Percutaneous intra-discal ozone therapy in combination with physical therapy is an effective treatment for management of low back pain (LBP) due to contained lumber disc prolpase.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 146-151
Gamma-glutamyl transferase is an indicator of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ghosh Mousumi , Paul Debatosh , Islam Md Saiful , Ghosh Gopal Chandra , Bhuiyan Mohammad Monzurul Alam , Akter Sharmin , Sultana Tuhin , Rahman Md Quddusur , Ahmed AN Nashimuddin
Published: April 2016

Increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus in pregnant women. This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Pathology in collaboration with Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March 2014 to February 2015 to assess the GGT as an indicator of GDM. Total 66 pregnant women were enrolled in this study in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BSMMU. Total 33 cases were considered as Group I (GDM) and 33 controls were Group II (normal healthy pregnant women). Two ml of blood was collected in plain test tube from each patient. Gestational diabetes mellitus were diagnosed by FBS and 2hr after 75g glucose in this study as cases. Normal healthy pregnant women was included in this study as control. GGT was higher in GDM group compared to normal healthy pregnant women (30.60±7.78 vs. 16.45±4.97, p<0.001). So, with the help of GGT we can take preventive measure and precaution to reduce the risk of GDM in pregnant women.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 152-156
Surgical management of thyroid diseases in Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Authors: Islam Md Nazmul , Lodh Dipankar , Siddiqui Mohammad Mamun , Ahsan Syed Ali , Debnath Bidyut Chandra , Khan AF Mohiuddin
Published: April 2016

Thyroid diseases have different treatment modalities. They can be treated with various surgical procedures. The aim of the study is to find out the outcome of various thyroid surgeries. A total of 161 patients of thyroid diseases were treated by surgery in the department of ENT at Dhaka Medical College Hospital in the period of January 2014 to December 2015. Out of 161 cases, 126 (78.3%) were female and 35 (21.7%) were male having a female to male ratio of 3.6: 1. Most of the patients (28.0%) were between the age group of 31 to 40 years (mean age 35 ± 6). Most of the patients presented with multinodular goiter (59, 36.6%) & nodular goiter (54,33.5%). The patients underwent total thyroidectomy (77,47.8%), hemithyroidectomy (53, 32.9%) and subtotal thyroidectomy (22,13.7%). During the post operative period, transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was found in 3 (1.9%) cases. We found in this study that, thyroid diseases are female predominant; mainly in the form of multinodular goitre which can be effectively treated by total thyroidectomy.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 157-159