Optimalisasi Peran Kader Kesehatan dalam Upaya Pencegahan Stunting dan Stimulasi Deteksi Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang (SDIDTK) Pada Balita di Desa Linggar Kecamatan Rancaekek Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Hendrawati Sri , Mediani Henny Suzana , Maryam Nenden Nur Asriyani 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK Angka kejadian stunting di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Selain itu cakupan deteksi dini tumbuh kembang balita juga masih jauh dibawah target yang ditetapkan yaitu 90%. Upaya pencegahan stunting dan stimulasi, deteksi, dan intervensi dini tumbuh kembang (SDIDTK) yang dilakukan di Posyandu belum optimal. Untuk deteksi tumbuh kembang, di posyandu hanya dilakukan penimbangan dan pengukuran tinggi badan saja. Kader kesehatan belum mampu melakukan deteksi dini dan intervensi dini penyimpangan tumbuh kembang balita secara komprehensif. Melalui kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat (PPM), tim pelaksana PPM melakukan pemberdayaan terhadap kader kesehatan di Desa Linggar, Kecamatan Rancaekek, Kabupaten Bandung mengenai upaya pencegahan stunting dan SDIDTK pada balita dengan tujuan untuk membantu kader kesehatan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan kewaspadaan terjadinya stunting dan deteksi dini tumbuh kembang pada balita serta bagaimana cara menanggulangi dan mengatasinya. Khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah kader kesehatan sejumlah 30 orang. Metode kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui tahapan identifikasi/ pengkajian; penetapan masalah; pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan ceramah, simulasi, diskusi, dan praktikum; evaluasi dan pendampingan; dan rencana tindak lanjut. Pengukuran pengetahuan pada kegiatan ini diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner pretest dan posttest, sedangkan pengukuran kemampuan psikomotor berdasarkan lembar cheklist observasi. Data dianalisis dengan distribusi frekuensi, nilai mean, dan dependent t-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata skor pengetahuan kader sebelum 65,82 (SD = 12,39) dan setelah 84,23 (SD = 11,51) kegiatan pemberdayaan, dengan rata-rata peningkatan skor 18,41 (SD = 12,94) (p=0,000; α=0,05). Pada kemampuan psikomotor kader kesehatan menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan setelah dilakukan kegiatan. Melalui kegiatan ini pengetahuan dan kemampuan kader kesehatan dapat meningkat dalam upaya pencegahan stunting dan SDIDTK pada balita. Hasil kegiatan ini merekomendasikan perlunya rencana tindak lanjut yaitu pencegahan stunting dan SDIDTK pada balita oleh kader kesehatan yang sudah dilatih dan dilakukan evaluasi secara berkelanjutan bekerjasama dengan puskesmas sekitar. Kata Kunci: Balita, Kader Kesehatan, Pencegahan, Stunting, Tumbuh KembangABSTRACT The incidence of stunting in Indonesia is still quite high. In addition, the coverage of early detection of toddler growth and development is still far below the set target of 90%. Efforts to prevent and stimulate, detect, and early intervention for growth and development at posyandu have yet to be optimal. For growth and development detection, at posyandu, only weighing and measuring height are carried out. Health cadres have yet to comprehensively carry out early detection and intervention of deviations in the growth and development of toddlers. Through Community Service activities, the team empowered health cadres in Linggar Village, Rancaekek District, Bandung Regency, regarding efforts to prevent stunting and stimulate, detect, and early intervention for growth and development in toddlers to assist health cadres in increasing knowledge, understanding, and awareness of the occurrence stunting and early detection of growth and development in toddlers and how to overcome it. The target audience for this activity is 30 health cadres. This activity is carried out through the stages of identification/assessment; problem determination; implementation of activities with lectures, simulations, discussions, and practicum; evaluation and assistance; and follow-up plans. Measurement of knowledge in this activity was measured using a pretest and posttest questionnaire, while psychomotor abilities were measured on observation checklist sheet. Data were analyzed by frequency distribution, mean value, and dependent t-test. The results of the activity showed that there was a difference in the average knowledge score of cadres before 65.82 (SD = 12.39) and after 84.23 (SD = 11.51) empowerment activities, with an average score increase of 18.41 (SD = 12 .94) (p=0.000; α=0.05). The psychomotor abilities of health cadres showed a significant increase after the activity was carried out. Through this activity, the knowledge and skills of health cadres can increase efforts to prevent stunting and stimulate, detect, and early intervention for growth and development in toddlers. The results of this activity recommended the need for a follow-up plan, namely stunting prevention and stimulate, detect, and early intervention for growth and development in toddlers, by health cadres who have been trained and evaluated continuously in collaboration with the health center. Keywords: Growth and Development, Health Cadres, Prevention, Stunting, and Toddlers.