bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of suicide risk using voice signal characteristics: A systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Iyer Ravi , Meyer Denny
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

In an age where telehealth services are increasingly being used for forward triage, the need for accurate suicide risk detection is increasing. Voice signals analysed using Artificial Intelligence is now proving capable of detecting suicide risk at accuracies superior to traditional interview based approaches, suggesting an efficient and economical approach to ensuring ongoing patient safety.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aimed to identify voice signal characteristics that discriminate between patients experiencing elevated risk of suicide and comparison cohorts and to identify the specific technical specifications of the systems used in classification.

METHODS

A search of Medline via Ovid, Scopus, Computers and Applied Science Complete, CADTH, Web of Science, Proquest, Dissertations and Theses A&I, Australian Policy Online and Mednar was conducted between 1995 - 2021. A total of 1074 articles were assessed for relevance with 21 included in the final review.

RESULTS

Candidate voice signal characteristics discriminating between suicidal and comparison cohorts included speech timing patterns (median accuracy = 95%), power spectral density subbands (median accuracy = 90.3%) and mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (median accuracy = 80%). A random effects meta-analysis was used to compared 22 characteristics nested within three studies, which demonstrated significant standardised mean differences for frequencies within the first and second formants (standardised mean difference ranged between -1.07 and -2.56) and jitter values (standardised mean difference = 1.47).

CONCLUSIONS

Although a number of key methodological issues prevailed amongst the studies reviewed, there is significant promise in the use of voice signal characteristics to detect elevations in suicide risk.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 28th April 2020 (registration number CRD420200167413)
La incertidumbre ambiental socialmente construida
Authors: Pazzi Bruno , Rojas Mara Leticia , London Silvia
Published: September 2022

El estudio analiza las representaciones sociales y las prácticas en torno a cuestiones ambientales en General Daniel Cerri, Ingeniero White, Villa del Mar, Pehuen-Có y Monte Hermoso, localidades del sudoeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Se utilizan algunos conceptos de Sociología Ambiental. La investigación se basa en un trabajo de campo realizado mediante encuestas que permitieron detectar: la existencia de un sufrimiento ambiental y de una “confusión tóxica” generadas por la incertidumbre acerca de las fuentes y los efectos de la contaminación; y que estas representaciones no se asocian a una mayor participación en actividades o movimientos pro-ambientales.
Régimen energético, usos del agua y antinomias jurídicas
Authors: Jacobo-Marín Daniel
Published: September 2022

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la fractura hidráulica (fracking) en el contexto de la política energética derivada de la reforma constitucional de 2013. En tal sentido, se documentan las antinomias jurídicas y los impactos socio-ambientales que dicha técnica genera, a partir de una revisión crítica de literatura. El marco legal energético se examina a la luz del modelo oficial sobre los usos del agua y del principio precautorio, dos elementos coyunturales relacionados con la extracción de hidrocarburos no convencionales. Se concluye que la reglamentación explícita del fracking generó desajustes, aún no resueltos, en el orden jurídico nacional.
El turismo como opción de desarrollo local en Mineral de Pozos, Guanajuato, México
Authors: Arévalo Martínez Jessica , Armas Arévalos Enrique
Published: September 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer las variables que han sido determinantes para el desarrollo local en Mineral Pozos Guanajuato a través del programa Pueblos Mágicos, con base en una encuesta de percepción aplicada a la población de esta localidad. La metodología empleada para el análisis de los datos fue un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por el método de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). Algunos de los principales resultados se orientan a que la variable económica del desarrollo local ha sido la responsable de los cambios hacia el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de la población local.
Improvement of Antioxidant Activity and Sensory Quality of Pagilaran’s Tea Clones Treated by Tannase
Authors: Apriyani Tri Wahyuni , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Gunadi Rachmad
Published: September 2022

PT. Pagilaran developed five new clones named PGL 9, PGL 10, PGL 11, PGL 12, and PGL 15 for black tea. These clones can be potentially made into ready-to-drink (RTD) instant tea beverages with low antioxidant activity. Tannase is an industrial enzyme with great potential for application in the food industry used to hydrolyze gallated ester catechin in green tea. There were no findings on the effects of this enzyme treatment on the chemical composition of PT Pagilaran’s tea clones. Therefore, this study is aimed to observe the effects of tannase treatment on five clones of black tea extracts to the antioxidant activity, profile of phenolic compounds, the tea brew color, consumer acceptance, and volatile compounds. The leaves of the plucking medium were traditionally processed into black tea. Furthermore, the tea brew was added at a 100 mg/100 mL concentration and then incubated for 1 hour at 37 °C. Additional tannase increased their antioxidant activities, the gallic acid, EC, and EGC concentrations due to hydrolysis of ECG, EGCG, or their derivatives. The color of the tea brew was brighter and yellower than the untreated, but the level of consumer acceptance was still good. The profile aroma and volatile compounds showed no significant changes after enzymatic treatment.
The Physicochemical Characteristics of Palado Seed Flour (Aglaia sp.) and Its Potential Use as a New Alternative Flour in Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Syamsul , Salengke Salengke , Tawali Abu Bakar , Mahendradatta Meta
Published: September 2022

Flour is one of the main energy sources for humans and an important ingredient in food processing, for use as fillers, thickeners, gel, film forming and adhesives. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of palado seed flour (Aglaia sp.) including proximate analysis and chemical properties comprising energy, carbohydrates, water, and protein, content, as well as dietary fiber, starch, amylose and amylopectin. Furthermore, the physical properties including yield, particle size, degree of whiteness, paste clarity, gel strength, swellability and water absorption, as well as the potential use of palado flour (Aglaia sp) in food processing were analyzed. The study was conducted with a method comprising two stages, namely pre-treatment including processing palado fruit into seeds, drying, and extracting flour, as well as proximate analysis of the physicochemical characteristics. The results showed energy content of 396.14 kcal/100 g, carbohydrates 69.78%, water content 7.53%, protein 9.59%, fat 8.74%, dietary fiber 4.02. %, ash 4.36%, starch 41.31%, amylose 5.68% and amylopectin content 35.63%. Meanwhile, the physical characteristics include the yield of 84.21% with a particle size of 60 mesh, degree of whiteness 29.27%, paste clarity 29.7%, gel strength 109.96 gf, swelling power 0.4%, and water absorption 133.72 %. Based on the results, palado flour has high potential to be developed as the main or alternative ingredient in bread and noodle processing, such as durian and jackfruit seed flour.
Адаптация технологического оборудования для использования на мобильном робототехническом комплексе вертикального перемещения (МРК), спроектированного для работы на вертикальных и горизонтальных поверхностях нефте- и газохранилищ
Authors: Ермолов И.Л. , Князьков М.М. , Семенов Е.А. , Суханов А.Н.
Published: September 2022

Рассмотрен мобильный робототехнический технологический комплекс, способный перемещаться по поверхностям произвольного наклона и выполнять инспекционные, диагностические, профилактические и иные регламентные технологические операции. На его базе создано технологическое оборудование для проведения технологического контроля поверхностей нефте- и газохранилищ и выполнения целого ряда технологических операций.
Comparative study of ovariectomy by laparoscopic and conventional open surgery methods in bitches
Authors: Mohy-ud-Din Zia , Ijaz Misbah , Chaman Durr-I- , Manzoor Asad
Published: September 2022

This study was designed to investigate feasibility of canine ovariectomy using laparoscopy under local conditions of Pakistan, in comparison with conventional open surgery method. Twelve adult, clinically healthy bitches were randomly divided into equal groups. Animals of group A were subjected to laparoscopic ovariectomy, using three portal technique, while dogs of group B were ovariectomized through open surgery, using ventral midline approach. Operative time and amount of blood loss in dogs of both groups were recorded immediately after completion of operation, while scar length was measured at day 7 after operation, Moreover, cardinal and hematological variables were recorded for dogs of each group before surgery and then at day 1, 3 and 7 after operation. Results showed that operative time in bitches of group A was significantly higher (P<0.01) as compared to those of group B, whereas incision length and blood loss were higher in dogs of group B. However, there was no difference in cardinal variables between dogs of two groups before surgery and on day 1, 3 and 7 after operation. Among hematological variables, hemoglobin concentration and RBC count showed no variation between dogs of two groups and remained unchanged before and after surgery. Similarly, WBC count differed non-significantly between animals of two groups before and day 7 after surgery. However, it was higher in group B than group A on day 1 and 3 after surgery (P< 0.05). In conclusion ovariectomy through laparoscopy is an efficient procedure and can be recommended instead of open surgery in bitches.
Effects of Different Organic Amendments on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Growth in Salt Affected Soil
Authors: Irshad Inam , Anwar-ul-Haq Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Salinity stress is the most notorious among all abiotic stresses. It hampers the growth and productivity of crops via ionic imbalance, disturbance in the metabolic process and specific ions toxicity. The necessity of time is to introduce better organic amendment rates for its mitigation in cereal crops, especially maize. Therefore, a pot experiment was performed in the wirehouse of the Saline Agriculture Research Centre (SARC), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate the effect of farmyard manure and compost application rates in saline soil. A hybrid maize variety (Monsanto DK-6789) was sown and recommended doses of NPK were applied. Organic amendments (FYM and Compost) with their rates (recommended, 25% increased dose of recommended and 50% increased dose of recommended) were applied to assess the growth of hybrid maize with salinity levels (Control < 2dS m-1, moderate salinity_5dS m-1, High salinity_10dS m-1). Seven treatments each with three replicates were carried out by using Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The results of the study indicated that T4 (50% increased farmyard manure) and T7 (50% increased compost) were significantly varied in controlling the shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and dry weight of maize over control at <2, 5 and 10 dS m-1 EC. A significant increase of 32, 28 and 39% in chlorophyll contents of maize validated the efficacious functioning of T4 over control for alleviation of <2, 5 and 10 dS m-1 salinity. Similarly, significant enhancement of 48, 39 and 84% in root fresh weight also declared that T7 was a better treatment under <2, 5 and 10 dSm-1 salinity. In conclusion, T4 and T7 can be used and recommended for better alleviation of salinity stress in maize. More experiments are suggested at the field level by using these 2 application rates of farmyard manure and compost for declaration of modified amendment for salinity stress mitigation.
Evaluating the effect of sugarcane planting methods on growth and radiation use efficiency of its different varieties
Authors: Ahmad Tanveer , Fiaz Naeem , Khaliq Tasneem , Mudassir , Muhammad Akhlaq
Published: September 2022

To examine the growth and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of different sugarcane cultivars (HSF 240, CP 77-400 & CPF 249) under two planting methods (2.5 feet apart single row, a farmers’ practice, and 4 feet apart dual rows deep trench plantings, a recommended practice) at Research Farm of Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad during 2019-20. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement in three repeats. The results showed maximum dry matter (3348.24 g m-2), CGR (21.49 g m-2 day-1), mean CGR (12.78 g m-2 day-1), LAI (7.81), leaf area duration (1290.32 days), along with radiation use efficiency for total dry matter (2.16 g MJ-1) and cane yield (6.32 g MJ-1) in 4 feet apart dual rows trench planting in comparison to 2.5 feet apart single row trench planting, 2.08 g MJ-1 and 5.70 g MJ-1, respectively. On the other hand, higher dry matter (3451.42 g m-2), CGR (21.54 g m-2 day-1), mean CGR (13.16 g m-2 day-1), LAI (8.01), LAD (1324.58 days), RUE for dry matter production (2.20 g MJ-1) and cane yield (6.53 g MJ-1) was recorded in variety CP 77-400, a direct introduction to SRI, as compared with local material, HSF 240 and CPF 249 and occupying large area in whole Punjab-Pakistan.
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y el trabajo en casa durante la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19
Authors: Mejia-Lobo Mauricio , Guarín Becerra Olga L. , Sánchez Villareal Angela M.
Published: September 2022

El escrito da cuenta de los resultados de un estudio que busca reconocer cómo el teletrabajo, el trabajo en casa y el trabajo remoto han influido en los hábitos de vida de las personas que han debido adaptarse a estas modalidades laborales por efecto de la pandemia causada por el COVID-19. Se aplicó un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo-correlacional y diseño no experimental-transversal, para lo cual se contó con una muestra de 318 trabajadores que se encontraban en una de esas modalidades de trabajo mencionadas, mayores de edad y con un contrato laboral activo. Los resultados evidenciaron varias realidades, tales como: el gusto por alguna de estas modalidades laborales; se develaron algunas condiciones que daban cuenta del poco acompañamiento por parte de las empresas; se manifestaron afectaciones en los hábitos de alimentación, así como disminución en la actividad física y, como consecuencia, una baja en las condiciones de calidad de salud. Las variantes que muestra el estudio son un aporte significativo para que las organizaciones las tengan en cuenta y puedan seguir implementando buenas prácticas en sus posibilidades de oferta laboral; dado que se evidencia la necesidad de mejorar el acompañamiento que realizan las empresas a los trabajadores, identificando problemas de salud física y mental tempranamente que puedan afectar el rendimiento laboral o la calidad de vida.
Mode Code Authentication System Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Srivastava Ayushi
Published: September 2022

Abstract: To give physically handicapped and disabled persons a platform where they may set up a safe, personal account that only they can access. This method would make it possible for people with motor limitations to communicate with technology, and it would also boost authentication somewhat over typing in a code. This concept offers a catchphrase and lessens the use of modern hardware sensors. The primary goal of this initiative is to prevent fraud from occurring in government or bank zones. Comparatively speaking, eye trackers offer more security than any biometric identification. Eye trackers are the tools used to gauge visual activity. Users who are physically impaired may now use their eyes to communicate with computers thanks to this. This method aims to offer an authentication procedure that includes physically challenged individuals for everyone, including children and the elder people.
Enhanced Mask Detection Using Image Processing
Authors: Saluja Harshit
Published: September 2022

Abstract: In every day-to-day life, we come across a lot of humans around us wearing masks and we can identify by just looking at them which kind of ask they are wearing, or if they are wearing it properly or not. But what if we want to tell about a large number in just a second. To overcome this situation, this system will be designed to detect the face of the person and generate a response whether someone is wearing a mask, if yes then is he/she wearing it properly or not, and at the end what kind of mask is it. And we will be able to process this data for thousands of people at a single instance.
Contemporary State in the Context of Digital Technological Transformations: Political Opportunities, Risks, and Challenges
Authors: Volodenkov Sergey V. , Fedorchenko Sergey N. , Artamonova Yulia D.
Published: September 2022

Modern state faces the need to adapt to the changing external environment, which is characterized by intensive digital technological transformations. Thus, it is important to determine how contemporary state and its power institutions adapt to digital technological transformations and identify the key risks, threats, and challenges associated with such adaptation. To do so, the authors of the article conducted a corresponding international expert study, which allowed them to determine the degree of digital technological transformations’ influence on the functioning of traditional states and their power institutions. Also, based on the integration of expert assessments, the authors identified the essential characteristics of digital technological transformations’ effect on contemporary institutions of state power. The study results concluded that the digitalization of contemporary states and their adaptation to current technological transformations is a complex and largely ambiguous set of processes. These include both political opportunities and the associated risks, threats, and challenges for both the state and its institutions, as well as directly for the civil society, which is rapidly increasing its complexity and diversity through intensive digitalization. This brings to a wide range of scenarios for forming state and political management models in the context of a rapidly emerging digital technological reality of a new type. The article proves that the adaptation of the traditional state as a management system to the technologically more complex environment is necessary to ensure the effective viability of both the state itself and its institutions.
Crypto-Anarchism: The Ideology of Blockchain Technologies
Authors: Brekhov Gleb S.
Published: September 2022

One of the most modern currents of anarchism - crypto-anarchism - arose as a response to the global development of digital technologies and the Internet and operates exclusively within the framework of the “global web”. The paper attempts to study one of the most unusual branches of anarchist philosophy and its impact on the digital life and politics of several states. With the help of functional and comparative methods of political research, the author analyzes crypto-anarchism as part of the ideology of anarchism, the main goal of which is to find out how viable crypto-anarchism is as an independent movement. The article raises the question of whether the ideas of crypto-anarchism can be used to effectively address current socio-political problems. The theoretical basis of crypto-anarchism looks more and more relevant, as it affects the security of the individual on the Web and is aimed at fighting against widespread state control. Despite the fact that, as the study showed, cryptoanarchism as a movement does not have sufficient elaboration and influence on real politics, its deeper study can be useful for preparing political programs aimed at Internet users (which constitute around 62.5 % of the global population), as well as studying political models and their development paths using virtual simulations and virtual states (Liberland, Wirtland), which are characteristic of crypto-anarchism.
From Distrust to Legitimization: The Difficult Path of Digital Electoral Technologies, an Evidence from Russia
Authors: Baranov Nikolay A.
Published: September 2022

There are numerous issues surrounding digital technologies in elections: from ensuring the secrecy of voting to controlling the process of vote counting. The technology of the electoral blockchain, according to experts, does not solve the problem of achieving transparency and anonymity of online voting, therefore, existing technologies do not yet allow us to guarantee the indisputability of elections and avoid manipulation. At the same time, the advantages and opportunities brought by digital technologies are so obvious that, despite the existing problems, they are increasingly being used in elections. The author uses the comparative, normative and functional methods to analyze the usage of digital technologies in the electoral process, emphasizing the practice of electronic voting and remote electronic voting in the Russian Federation. The use of digital technologies, according to the author, entails legal, psychological and technical problems. However, the author concludes that it is possible to legitimize the use of digital technologies in elections if voters recognize the advantages of remote electronic voting and other digital innovations in the electoral process, and provided technological problems are solved.
The Phenomenon of “Digital Trust” in the Context of Digital Government in Russia
Authors: Chepelyuk Sergey G.
Published: September 2022

In recent years new digital technologies have become an integral part of daily life of civilians, including their interaction with government. Trust in innovation in the government sector became the most important feature of the relations between government and civilians. The main purpose of this research is to explore how the factor of civil trust influences the implementation of digital technologies in government. We studied new phenomenon - “digital trust” and made content analysis of the main programmatic and analytical documents on the realization of the digital government concept. Based on the research results, we described the impact of the trust on the digital government effectiveness, and defined the basic principles of trust building, such as openness of the digital government system for citizens, security and reliability of electronic services, two-way communication with citizens. However, Russia lacks a clear strategy on how to build “digital trust” to government services. This circumstance could become a barrier for government’s digitalization in the future.
The “Moscow Case” as a Factor of Protest Communication Activity in the Social Network “VK”
Authors: Philippov Ilya B.
Published: September 2022

This paper addresses the impact of negative juridical sanctions implemented against the participants of the 2019 protest movement in Moscow on the communication in the social network “VK”. The empirical analysis of the mentions of protests and juridical prosecutions allowed to estimate the volume of discussions about the negative sanctions, to compare it with the discussions around the protest rallies and to outline the main factors affecting how active the discussion is on different episodes of negative sanctions. The results show that the coverage of the criminal persecution of activists provokes substantively less interest among the authors and the readers than the communication on the protest movement itself. Increased activity in comments is not observed, while the communication is concentrated in large communities. The input in the protest communication was not the same for sanctions against different activists: the impact was more notable when the media campaign in defense of the accused managed to involve persons with high media capital or a considerable number of people outside the protest movement. In the cases when the events around the accused were only relevant for other activists the surge in online communication turned out to be less noticeable. This implies that negative juridical sanctions are not a newsbreak themselves but have the potential to provoke an outburst in protest communication if the coverage is complemented by the traditional forms of political mobilization or includes opinion leaders.
“How to March at the Computer”: The Role of Digitalization in the Activities of the Regional Patriotic Organizations of Siberian Federal District
Authors: Kazantsev Dmitry A. , Kachusov Dmitry A. , Shashkova Yaroslava Yu.
Published: September 2022

In Russia, the government’s demand for the patriotic education of young people is constantly growing. However, the content of the programs, their implementation strategies and the prospects for introducing digital technologies into the activities of patriotic youth NGOs remain vague. Based on the analysis of online resources, including the organizations’ social media accounts, the authors conclude that informative content prevails. In addition, they distinguish 4 clusters of non-commercial organizations: Yunarmiyan (Young Army Cadets National Movement), military-athletic, historical and civic, with 60 000 members in total. With the help of TargetHunter parser, the study analyzes social media posts, paying attention to their content and format, the number of posts, likes, comments, viewers and followers. The authors conclude that the level of online involvement has risen as the amount of news traditionally increases in the first quarter of each year, as well as due to the adaptation to the conditions set by the pandemic. The digitalization of patriotic education is complicated and diverse because of the specifics of patriotic organizations, as patriotic content is second to entertainment and educational content on the web.
Legal realization as a component of law reality: philosophical and legal research
Authors: Skorobogatov Andrey V. , Krasnov Alexandr V.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the nature of legal realization in the context of law reality through the prism of philosophical and legal analysis. The purpose is the formation of scientifically based knowledge concerning the place and role of legal realization in law reality. The methodology is based on the complex use of post-classical methodology, which allows studying the law nature of legal realization and its significance for the development and functioning of law reality. The findings may be outlined as follows: Legal realization is considered in the article as a complex philosophical and legal category. Ontologically, legal realization may be defined as determining means of the legal impact of positive law on the consciousness and behavior of a person. Phenomenologically, it may be considered as an independent level of law reality, which is a system of actions of subjects of law aimed at implementing state prescriptions, objectified in the totality of individual legal acts. Axiologically, legal realization is the movement of law values from their mental awareness to embodiment in those possible models of legal interactions that are constructed by subjects and then, albeit partially, are reflected directly in legal relations. Conclusions: legal realization as a complex category includes a mental component (comprehension in legal consciousness of the content of legal norms of different levels and quality, practice of their realization in practice, choice of possible options for legal and (or) non-legal behavior due to rational and irrational factors, value preferences of subjects) and an activity component (legal actions that are consistent with the requirements of the norms positive law).
Correlation between delegated and framework regulation in Russia and foreign countries
Authors: Dovgan Xenia E.
Published: September 2022

The article is aimed at studying the relationship between delegated and framework regulation based on the analysis of legal doctrine and legislation. The analysis of modern legislation indicates the modernization of the traditional foundations of legal regulation that previously existed in the state. The dynamics of social relations encourages the legislator to search for new ways of effective legal regulation. Such forms of regulation that are designed for repeated use are becoming relevant. It is determined that the main form of interaction between framework and delegated regulation is the framework legislation. The features of each type of legal regulation designate the content of its forms (sources); within the framework of delegated regulation, framework legislation acts as its element, ensuring the transfer of legislative powers. The features of “framework legislation” and its place in the system of sources of delegated regulation are in the focus.
Priorities of federal and regional legal policy in the field of digitalization
Authors: Sokolov Alexander Yu. , Soldatkina Oksana L.
Published: September 2022

The relevance of the study is determined by the dynamics of social environment development and the need for the legal system to respond to the changes including digitalization of all types of communication that take place in society. The authors assert that with transformations caused by digitalization (especially in such legally and socially significant areas as lawmaking), spontaneous changes in legislation should be avoided. This principle formulated the purpose of the study - to identify the priorities of legal policy in the field of digitalization of lawmaking. To solve the tasks, the authors apply the methods of system analysis, formal logic, and synthesis. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions have been obtained. The system of legal policy priorities allows to select the right means of its implementation, and the methodology of system analysis is well suited for prioritization. This methodology offers a scheme for optimizing legal regulation, on the basis of which the authors have identified the priorities of legal policy in the field of digitalization of lawmaking.
Mineros e indígenas: gobernanza local, extracción de oro y disputas ambientales en Guainía
Authors: Rozo Esteban
Published: September 2022

A partir de trabajo de campo realizado en Guainía entre 2013 y 2019, este artículo analiza cómo la gobernanza local de la minería se configuró sobre la base de iniciativas estatales y prácticas informales que regulan el acceso y la distribución de oro en la región. El artículo muestra cómo los arreglos y acuerdos entre mineros e indígenas que permitieron la práctica de la minería informal no se oponen necesariamente a la autoridad del Estado o a las políticas gubernamentales que buscan regular esta actividad, sino que al contrario hacen parte de procesos de construcción de estatalidad desde abajo. Finalmente, se explora cómo la minería de oro, las políticas estatales y las disputas ambientales en torno a esta actividad han reconfigurado las relaciones y subjetividades de colonos e indígenas que participan en ella.
Temporal changes of phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids and mineral constituents in the leaf of a medicinal plant Justicia wynaadensis
Authors:   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Karunakaran G. , Azeez S. ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Tripathi P.C. ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Sakthivel T. ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Arivalagan M. ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Prasath D. ,   Division of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, ICAR- Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut-673 012, India, Sankar V. ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Kumar R.S. ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India
Published: September 2022

Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the temporal changes in the level of phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, and mineral constituents in the leaf extract of medical plant J. wynaadensis (Aati soppu) during monsoon, pre-and post-monsoon season. Methodology: Leaf samples of J. wynaadensis were collected in different seasons (i) first sampling (AS-I) during the onset of monsoon, i.e., first week of July; (ii) second (AS-II) during mid-monsoon (First week of August); and (iii) third sampling (AS-III) during post monsoon (First week of September). The collected samples were analyzed for total carotenoids and chlorophyll, phenolics, flavonoids antioxidant potential, and mineral contents. Individual phenolic acids were identified and quantified using UPLC-H class coupled with TQD-MS/MS. Results: Biochemical constituents significantly varied between the samples of J. wynaadensis collected in different seasons. The samples collected during monsoon season (AS-II) had significantly high amount of phenolics (388.2 mg GAE 100 g-1), flavonoids (287 mg CE 100 g-1), carotenoids (2.40 µg β-CE 100 g-1) when compared with samples collected during pre-and post-monsoon seasons. Among the phenolic acids quantified, Salicylic acid was found to be maximum (2455-4747 μg g-1f.wt.) followed by caffeic acid (350 μg g-1f.wt.). Among the minerals studied potassium was found maximum (240 to 278 mg 100g-1) followed by calcium (263 to 442 mg 100g-1). Leaf samples contained high amount of iron (2.37 to 3.313 mg 100g-1), Except for zinc, most of the micro minerals significantly reduced from onset of monsoon to fag end of monsoon. Interpretation: J. wynaadensis collected at stage AS-II contained significantly high amount of phenolics and flavonoids, which offers numerous health benefits. Increase in content of bioactive phytochemicals such as salicylic acid can be presumed to be responsible for the curative properties of Aati soppu collected during AS-II. Key words: Justicia wynaadensis, Kodagu, Medicinal palnt
A Rare Cause of Transient Pituitary Hyperplasia; Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome
Authors: tekin suat , güllü merve , Türkkahraman Doğa
Published: September 2022

Van Wyk Grumbach (VWG) syndrome is defined as pituitary hyperplasia,
puberty precosis, giant ovarian cysts and hyperprolactinemia due to
untreated long-term severe primary hypothyroidism.We wanted to present
our case because very few cases with VWG syndrome have been reported in
the literatüre.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccine: a case-report
Authors: Fakhari Mohammad Sadegh , Poorsaadat Leila , Mahmoodiyeh Behnam
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus disease is a viral infection affecting different organs with
various morbidities and mortality. Vaccines are used to control the
disease. COVID-19 vaccines have brought many benefits but their adverse
effects should not be ignored. Here, we report a case of Guillain-Barré
Syndrome Following Sinopharm COVID-19 Vaccine.
Primary school teachers’ experience in the planning and implementation of supplementary teaching of mathematics
Authors: Blazevic Ines , Misurac Irena , Juric Josipa
Published: September 2022

The basic characteristic of teaching mathematics is an outstanding
hierarchical connection of its contents, so it is important to promptly
resolve possible ambiguities in understanding and applying mathematical
concepts that we observe in students during their learning. In situations
when students fail to achieve satisfactory results during regular classes,
it is necessary to organize supplementary classes to improve their results
as a means of pedagogical intervention. In this paper our goal was to
present the planning and implementation of supplementary teaching of
mathematics in primary education in Croatia. The results of the empirical
part of the research conducted among 198 primary school teachers through the
survey showed us how primary school teachers prepare supplementary
mathematics classes, i.e. what they consider to be the key aspects in
planning. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, t-test for independent
samples, one-way analysis of variance for independent samples and
correlation analysis were used in the data analysis. Results showed that
teachers understand the importance of involving students with different
types of difficulties and the adaptation of teaching methods during
supplementary mathematics classes. They are aware that students need more
help so they involve students? parents. The obtained research results are an
incentive for teachers to think when planning quality supplementary classes
in order to help each student in need as efficiently as possible.
Neural networks for classification of cervical vertebrae maturation: a systematic review
Authors: Mathew Reji , Palatinus Stephen , Padala Soumya , Alshehri Abdulrahman , Awadh Wael , Bhandi Shilpa , Thomas Jacob , Patil Shankargouda
Published: September 2022

Objective

To assess the accuracy of identification and/or classification of the stage of cervical vertebrae maturity on lateral cephalograms by neural networks as compared with the ground truth determined by human observers.

Materials and Methods

Search results from four electronic databases (PubMed [MEDLINE], Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were screened by two independent reviewers, and potentially relevant articles were chosen for full-text evaluation. Articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and methodologic assessment by the QUADAS-2 tool.

Results

The search identified 425 articles across the databases, from which 8 were selected for inclusion. Most publications concerned the development of the models with different input features. Performance of the systems was evaluated against the classifications performed by human observers. The accuracy of the models on the test data ranged from 50% to more than 90%. There were concerns in all studies regarding the risk of bias in the index test and the reference standards. Studies that compared models with other algorithms in machine learning showed better results using neural networks.

Conclusions

Neural networks can detect and classify cervical vertebrae maturation stages on lateral cephalograms. However, further studies need to develop robust models using appropriate reference standards that can be generalized to external data.
Racial disparities in healthcare with timing to amputation following diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: Miller Taavy A. , Campbell James H. , Bloom Nick , Wurdeman Shane R.
Published: September 2022

  

Objective: To examine variations in timing of lower limb amputation (LLA) across race/ethnicity and gender among older adults with a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). It was hypothesized  Black/African-Americans were more likely to have LLA post-DFU earlier compared to non-Hispanic/Whites, and more males would receive LLA earlier post-DFU compared to females.

Research Design and Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of enrolled Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with a diagnosis of DFU during the study period (2012-2017) allowing up to 5 years post-DFU. Final analytic sample contained 643,287 individuals; the sub-sample consisted of 68,633 individuals with LLA only. The primary outcome was mutually exclusive groups based on timing of LLA. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to assess likelihood of membership into a group post-DFU based on characteristics such as gender and race/ethnicity. 

Results: Black/AA beneficiaries had 1.98 (95% CI: 1.93-2.03) times the odds of receiving a LLA within 1 year of DFU diagnosis compared to non-Hispanic/White beneficiaries relative to no amputation. Female beneficiaries had increased odds (OR: 1.07 95% CI: 1.02-1.11 between 1-3 years and OR: 1.08 95% CI: 1.03-1.12 in 3+ years) of a delayed LLA compared to males among those that have LLA.

Conclusions: Notably these results present novel evidence on timing of LLA between racial groups and gender for Medicare FFS beneficiaries post-DFU. Results may be generalizable to individuals with Medicare FFS and DFU. Clinically more targeted, evidence-based decision making informs care decisions with opportunities to address inequities related to the social determinants of health that may lead to LLA. 
Implant surface culture may be a useful adjunct to standard tissue sampling culture for identification of pathogens accounting for fracture-device-related infection: a within-person randomized agreement study of 42 patients
Authors: Jiang Nan , Hu Yan-jun , Lin Qing-rong , Chen Peng , Wan Hao-yang , He Si-ying , Stoodley Paul , Yu Bin
Published: September 2022

Background and purpose: Identification of pathogens causing fracture-device-related infection (FDRI) is always a challenge as the positive rate of standard tissue sampling culture (TSC) remains unsatisfactory. This study evaluates the efficiency of implant surface culture (ISC) as an adjunct to standard TSC for identification of FDRI-associated microorganisms.Patients and methods: Between November 2020 and March 2022, patients diagnosed with FDRI defined by the International Fracture-Related Infection (FRI) Consensus Group, and indicated for implant removal, underwent both methods for bacteria detection. The test order of ISC and TSC was randomly selected for each patient included, as a within-person randomized design. For ISC, the recovered implants were gently covered with tryptic soy agar after rinsing with normal saline twice, and then incubated at 37℃ 5% CO2 for up to 14 days. For TSC, 5 specimens were sampled and sent to the Clinical Laboratory of Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, for culture and identification.Results: 42 consecutive patients were included, with a mean age of 46 years. The most frequent infection site and implant type were the tibia (21 cases) and plates with screws (30 cases), respectively. Altogether 21 patients were found with positive outcomes by both methods, and the identified pathogens were consistent. ISC found an additional 15 patients showing positive results, which were negative by TSC. Furthermore, the mean culture time of ISC was shorter than that of TSC (1.5 days vs. 3.2 days).Interpretation: ISC may be a useful adjunct to TSC for detection of bacteria causing FDRI, with a relatively higher positive rate and a shorter culture time.
The next generation of sinus stents for chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review
Authors: Lim Dong-Jin , Cho Do-Yeon
Published: September 2022

Characterized by impaired mucociliary clearance with subsequent compromised microbial elimination, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is known as a multifactorial disease process in which bacterial infection or colonization could play a role in the initiation or propagation of the inflammatory response. Various non-systemic, topical therapies have recently emerged as an alternative to conventional oral regimens in managing CRS. A topical sinonasal drug delivery system using a bioabsorbable stent represents one of the most attractive methods among multiple topical delivery options. This review discusses the commercially available topical drug delivery platform (sinus stents) for CRS and its shortcomings. Based on the current drawbacks of sinus stents, this article has also highlighted the future developmental perspectives to create the next generation of a sinus stent, thereby harnessing the full potential of the sinus stent as efficient topical drug delivery for recalcitrant CRS.
Endotypes of Asian chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A narrative review
Authors: Ryu Gwanghui , Kim Hyo Yeol , Jung Yong Gi , Hong Sang Duk
Published: September 2022

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is classified as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). CRSwNP is a distinct phenotype with heterogeneous endotypes and complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa that forms NPs causes symptoms such as nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and smell loss, and lowers patients’ quality of life. In recent years, researchers have attempted to elucidate the inflammatory endotypes of CRSwNP, and the inflammatory pattern of Asian CRSwNP was found to be different from that of Western CRSwNP. The main endotype of CRSwNP is type 2 inflammation, in which interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 are key cytokines. In contrast, type 1 inflammation (interferon-γ) and type 3 inflammation (IL-17 or IL-22) play essential roles in Asian CRSwNP. Biological agents, which have recently been highlighted for the treatment of CRSwNP, are very effective in suppressing the type 2 inflammatory response and recovering smell loss. However, little information is available on the efficacy of these biologics in Asian patients with CRSwNP. Herein, we reviewed the endotypes of Asian CRSwNP and compared them to those of Western CRSwNP. We identified changes in the inflammatory patterns and summarized the therapeutic options for Asian CRSwNP.
HSP70, HSP90A, and HSP90B are Differentially Regulated in Response to Thermal, Osmotic and Hypoxic Stressors
Authors: Jolly Emmitt R
Published: September 2022

The Heat shock proteins, Hsp70 and Hsp90 are highly conserved and play a significant role in cellular response to a variety of stressors. In response to stressors, cellular expression levels of these heat shock proteins are increased to stabilize degrading proteins and to initiate thermotolerance among other complex functions. Maintenance of physiological temperature in all organisms is imperative to ensure that biological systems function normally. This is especially critical for cold-blooded organisms whose internal temperature is subject to their environmental conditions. High temperatures and other stressors can deleteriously affect animal motility, its ability to avoid predators, neuronal activity and affect neuropeptide populations. However, the effect of stressors on muscle and on neuronal activity are not always equal. Here we use the important commercially important Jonah crab, Cancer borealis as a model to assess the effect of different stressors on transcript levels of the major heat shock proteins, HSP70, HSP90A and HSP90B. Since these genes have not been identified or sequenced in C borealis, we cloned each gene and we demonstrate that a) these genes have different expression profiles in thermal, osmotic and hypoxic stresses and that b) these genes are differentially expressed in muscle and brain cells.
Evaluation of Telfairia occidentalis Leaf Meal Potentials as a Possible Substitute to Fishmeal
Authors: Nnamonu Emmanuel Ikechukwu
Published: September 2022

The present study was designed to evaluate the acceptability and growth performance of African catfish (Heterobranchus bidorsalis) fingerlings treated with graded levels of Telfairia occidentalis leaf meal used as substitute to fishmeal. One hundred and thirty-five H. bidorsalis fingerlings were assigned into five treatment groups with three replicates per group. Five iso-nitrogenous diets (45% crude protein) were formulated by substituting fishmeal with T. occidentalis leaf meal. The control diet (T0) contained 0% T. occidentalis leaf meal while the other experimental diets (T10, T20, T30 and T40) contained T. occidentalis leaf meal at the percentage of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively. Treatment lasted fortytwo days, the experimental diets were administered at 5% of body weight two times daily (9am and 4pm). Water was changed every three days and mortality monitored daily. The acceptability indices of the diets, body weight (g) and length (cm) were measured and recorded weekly. The control diet (T0) recorded the most effective results in all parameters evaluated compared with all treatments. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was recorded in the water qualities tested. Conclusively, It is evident from this study that fishmeal cannot be replaced totally by T. occidentalis leaf meal in the diet of H. bidorsalis fingerlings. However, based on the non-significant difference (p > 0.05) observed in the growth performance of H. bidorsalis fingerlings fed the control diet and 10% Telfairia-based diet, we recommend that H. bidorsalis fingerling producers can substitute fishmeal with T. occidentalis leaf meal just at an optimal level of 10%.