bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of novel cognitive network structures with applications in pattern classification, system fault detection and time series prediction
Authors: Καρατζίνης Γεώργιος
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα διατριβή προάγει τον τομέα των Ασαφών Γνωστικών Χαρτών (ΑΓΧ) αντιμετωπίζοντας τους εγγενείς τους περιορισμούς και επεκτείνοντας τις δυνατότητές τους μέσω καινοτόμων μεθοδολογιών, αρχιτεκτονικών και εφαρμογών. Η έρευνα επικεντρώνεται στη βελτίωση της προσαρμοστικότητας, της επεκτασιμότητας και της πρακτικότητας των Ασαφών Γνωστικών Δικτύων (ΑΓΔ), μιας εξειδικευμένης κατηγορίας των ΑΓΧ, για σύνθετα, βασισμένα σε δεδομένα και δυναμικά σενάρια του πραγματικού κόσμου. Οι θεμελιώδεις συνεισφορές περιλαμβάνουν την εισαγωγή συναρτησιακών βαρών, που οδήγησαν στην ανάπτυξη της υλοποίησης ΑΓΔ με συναρτησιακά βάρη (ΑΓΔ-ΣΒ), όπου αντικαθιστά τις στατικές συσχετίσεις με δυναμικά, βασισμένα σε δεδομένα πολυώνυμα. Αυτή η καινοτομία εξαλείφει την ανάγκη για εκτεταμένες βάσεις δεδομένων ασαφών κανόνων, μειώνει την παρέμβαση ειδικών και βελτιώνει την επεκτασιμότητα και τις δυνατότητες γενίκευσης των ΑΓΔ.Επιπλέον, εξερευνήθηκαν εξεζητημένες αρχιτεκτονικές και υβριδικές αρχιτεκτονικές με την ανάπτυξη Πολλαπλών Γνωστικών Συστημάτων Ταξινόμησης (ΠΓΣΤ) και την ενσωμάτωση των ΑΓΔ με Συνελικτικά Νευρωνικά Δίκτυα (ΣΝΔ), Δίκτυα Κατάστασης Αντήχησης (ΔΚΑ) και Αυτοκωδικοποιητές-ΑΓΔ (Α-ΑΓΔ). Αυτά τα υβριδικά συστήματα συνδυάζουν την ερμηνευσιμότητα των ΑΓΔ με τη δύναμη αναπαράστασης της βαθιάς μάθησης, επιδεικνύοντας ανώτερη απόδοση στην εξαγωγή χαρακτηριστικών και στα προβλήματα ταξινόμησης. Προτάθηκε ένας ενιαίος μηχανισμός εκπαίδευσης που συνδυάζει ομοιόμορφα τα ΑΓΔ με τα νευρωνικά δίκτυα, βελτιώνοντας περαιτέρω την προσαρμοστικότητα. Η πρακτική εφαρμογή των ΑΓΔ επικυρώθηκε μέσω εκτεταμένων εφαρμογών του πραγματικού κόσμου, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της αναγνώρισης προτύπων, της πρόβλεψης χρονοσειρών και της βιομηχανικής διάγνωσης. Επιλεγμένες υλοποιήσεις περιλαμβάνουν την ταξινόμηση ψηφίων απο χειρόγραφα, την πρόβλεψη της χρηματιστηριακής αγοράς, τη διαχείριση χαρτοφυλακίων παρακολούθησης δεικτών, την εκτίμηση του υπολειπόμενου χρόνου ζωής για κινητήρες αεροσκαφών, την ανίχνευση βλαβών βραχυκυκλώματος σε γεννήτριες επαγωγής, την ανίχνευση βλαβών σε ρουλεμάν κύλισης κινητήρων και ένα ευρύ σύνολο προβλημάτων ταξινόμησης. Αυτές οι εφαρμογές υπογραμμίζουν την ευελιξία και την ανθεκτικότητα των ΑΓΔ στην αντιμετώπιση προκλήσεων σε διάφορους τομείς εφαρμογών. Η διατριβή αυτή αντιμετώπισε επίσης βασικούς περιορισμούς των ΑΓΧ, όπως η εξάρτηση από παραμέτρους που ορίζονται από ειδικούς, οι προκλήσεις επεκτασιμότητας και η διαχείριση αβεβαιότητας, μέσω αυστηρής θεωρητικής και εμπειρικής επικύρωσης. Αυτές οι συνεισφορές βελτιώνουν την προσαρμοστικότητα και την ανθεκτικότητα των ΑΓΧ, τοποθετώντας τα ως ένα πλαίσιο που ισορροπεί την ερμηνευσιμότητα με την υπολογιστική αποτελεσματικότητα, ενώ προάγουν την εφαρμογή τους στη μηχανική μάθηση, την προβλεπτική ανάλυση και τα συστήματα υποστήριξης αποφάσεων.
Σχεδιασμός και αξιολόγηση εκπαιδευτικού υλικού για τη φύση των φυσικών επιστημών
Authors: Γέντζη Ελένη
Published: January 2025

Στην παρούσα διατριβή επιχειρείται η ανάδειξη της φύσης των φυσικών επιστημών μέσα από τον σχεδιασμό και την αξιολόγηση διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων για τις φυσικές επιστήμες. Αρχικά, αναζητήθηκαν σχεδιαστικές αρχές για τον σχεδιασμό διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων κι, έπειτα, αναπτύχθηκαν τρία διαδραστικά ηλεκτρονικά βιβλία. Ακολούθησε μια σειρά από διαδικτυακά εργαστήρια με προπτυχιακούς φοιτητές και προπτυχιακές φοιτήτριες και, στη συνέχεια, με μεταπτυχιακούς φοιτητές και μεταπτυχιακές φοιτήτριες, του Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης, της Παιδαγωγικής Σχολής, του Αριστοτέλειου Πανεπιστήμιου Θεσσαλονίκης. Οι φοιτητές και οι φοιτήτριες αλληλεπίδρασαν με τα αρχικά διαδραστικά ηλεκτρονικά βιβλία για τη φύση των φυσικών επιστημών που είχαν ήδη αναπτυχθεί, γνώρισαν εργαλεία δημιουργίας διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων και στη συνέχεια προετοίμασαν και ανέπτυξαν τα δικά τους. Κατά τη διάρκεια των διαδικτυακών εργαστηρίων συμπλήρωσαν σχετικά ερωτηματολόγια για τις αντιλήψεις και τις πρότερες γνώσεις τους για τα διαδραστικά ηλεκτρονικά βιβλία, την αξιολόγηση των διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων που αλληλεπίδρασαν και την εμπειρία τους από τη διαδικασία της δημιουργίας των δικών τους διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων για τη φύση των φυσικών επιστημών. Επιπλέον, συμμετείχαν σε συνεντεύξεις για την ανάπτυξη των απόψεών τους γενικότερα για την αξιοποίηση διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων στη διδασκαλία και μάθηση των φυσικών επιστημών και τη διαδικασία δημιουργίας διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων. Τα αρχικά διαδραστικά ηλεκτρονικά βιβλία, τα διαδραστικά ηλεκτρονικά βιβλία προπτυχιακού και μεταπτυχιακού επιπέδου αναλύθηκαν με το ερευνητικό μοντέλο GNOSIS και ερευνητικό μοντέλο ανάλυσης διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων που αναπτύχθηκε στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας διατριβής. Η ανάλυση των δεδομένων που προέκυψαν από τις παραπάνω εφαρμογές δίνει ενθαρρυντικές πληροφορίες σχετικά με την αξιοποίηση διαδραστικών ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων για τη φύση των φυσικών επιστημών, από μελλοντικούς ή/και εν ενεργεία εκπαιδευτικούς. Τα διαδραστικά ηλεκτρονικά βιβλία αναδεικνύονται ως ένα πολύτιμο εργαλείο για εκπαιδευτικούς, παιδιά και γονείς που περιλαμβάνουν στοιχεία της φύσης των φυσικών επιστημών με έναν ευχάριστο τρόπο, ενώ ταυτόχρονα συνδέουν τις φυσικές επιστήμες με την σύγχρονη ψηφιακή εποχή.
A systematic review of Streptococcus Mutans and Veillonellae species interactions in dental caries progression: Positive or Negative impact?
Authors: Hasan Faizul , Setia Budi Hendrik , Ramasamy Rajesh , Tantiana Tantiana , Ridwan Rini Devijanti , Winoto Ervina Restiwulan , Nuraini Prawati , Handajani Juni , Djais Ariadna Adisattya , Anitasari Silvia
Published: January 2025

Background The interaction between Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Veillonella species (Veillonella spp.) is unclear. This study aims to investigate the interaction between S. mutans and Veillonella spp. on caries development using systematic review. Methods This systematic review was accorded to the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library, were used to conduct a systematic search for eligible studies from their inception until July 18, 2023. PROSPERO registration number was No. CRD42023445968. Results We initially identified 4,774 articles. After eliminating duplicates and irrelevant articles, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies revealed important aspects of the relationship between S. mutans and Veillonella spp. in dental caries. One significant finding is that Veillonella spp. can affect the acid production capacity of S. mutans. Some studies indicate that Veillonella spp. can inhibit the acid production by S. mutans, potentially reducing the cariogenic process. Another aspect is the competition for substrates. Veillonella spp. utilize lactic acid, which is a by product of S. mutans metabolism, as a source of carbon. This metabolic interaction may decrease the availability of lactic acid for S. mutans, potentially influencing its cariogenic potential. Conclusions This systematic review highlights the emerging evidence on the interaction between S. mutans and Veillonella spp. in dental caries. The findings suggest that Veillonella spp. can modulate the acid production, and substrate competition of S. mutans, potentially influencing the cariogenic process.
Cycling among people experiencing socio-economic disadvantage: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Foley Louise , O'Mahony Shauna , Ryan-Fogarty Yvonne , B Woods Catherine , Robinson Katie , Fitzpatrick Colin , Green James
Published: January 2025

Introduction Active mobility, such as walking, wheeling, and cycling, is a low-carbon transport mode and a source of physical activity. Cycling, as a form of active mobility, is associated with physical and mental health benefits, transport cost savings, and improved air quality. During the transition to sustainable mobility, equitable outcomes depend on opportunities for active mobility reaching across our societies. This review will chart what is currently known about cycling among people experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Objective To conduct a scoping review to understand the extent and type of evidence reporting utility cycling (i.e., cycling for transport) among people experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Inclusion criteria This review will include studies involving adult participants who are described as experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Studies will be included if the focus/objective relates to utility cycling and the study reports cycling experiences, purposes, barriers, enablers, frequencies, perceptions, correlates, determinants, impacts, and/or interventions. Primary research using a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method design will be considered. Relevant peer-reviewed articles, conference proceedings, dissertations/theses, and preprints will be included. Methods The review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute’s guidance for scoping reviews. A search strategy that includes key terms and subject headings was developed and translated for use across the following databases: PsycINFO (via EBSCOhost), SPORTDiscus (via EBSCOhost), CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), Embase, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (via Web of Science), Europe PMC (preprints), and OpenAlex (preprints). Database search results will be collated in Zotero and uploaded to Covidence for study selection. Titles, abstracts, and subsequent full texts will be independently screened by two reviewers. Data will be extracted from the included studies using a data-extraction tool. Data will be synthesized in two stages: (1) charting the data and (2) descriptive qualitative content analysis.
Life After Stroke and Supportive Stroke Pathways: Protocol For A Rapid Realist Review
Authors: Lennon Olive , O'Neill Mary , Walsh Killian , Horgan Frances
Published: January 2025

Background Ever-growing numbers of individuals are surviving stroke and living with the consequences. Life after stroke is a key pillar in addressing the burden of stroke for the remaining lifespan for those with stroke. No consensus on how to best promote agency and fulfilment in life after stroke or the resources required to achieve this currently exists. Methods In this realist review protocol we outline the methods we will use to gain an understanding of supporting Life after Stroke through the development of programme theories. These will consist of context–mechanism–outcome configurations (CMOCs) and will acknowledge the resources required. The review will follow the RAMESES five-stage structured methodology to (1) define the scope of the review, and the development of initial programme theories for supporting life after stroke, (2) develop a comprehensive search strategy to identify relevant research, (3) review primary studies and extract data, (4) synthesise evidence (5) refine programme theories iteratively throughout the process using an Expert Panel and reference group, to including stroke researchers, health care professionals working in stroke care and stroke support agencies. Conclusion This realist review aims to conceptualise supports for Life after Stroke. The CMOCs developed will help explain how generative causation within the life after stroke pathway works. The findings will help inform policy and practice and inform future realist evaluations of Life after Stroke support pathways.
Economic evaluations of strategies targeting pre-diagnosis dementia populations: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Hoang Men Thi , Zenker Alina , Saha Sanjib , Gerdtham Ulf-Göran , Trepel Dominic
Published: January 2025

Introduction Dementia remains incurable, and treatment trials are typically conducted after the symptoms manifest, potentially too late in the disease process to alter its course. Early identification and intervention during the pre-diagnosis phase offer the potential to introduce more cost-effective strategies and enhance quality of life. This review aims to scrutinise emerging evidence and present a comprehensive summary of cost-effectiveness estimates of all strategies targeting the pre-diagnosis dementia population. Method and analysis A systematic search will be conducted across six electronic databases. All articles will be assessed against pre-defined eligibility criteria through title and abstract screening, and full-text screening phases. Data from the included articles will be extracted using a standardized template. A newly established framework based on the CHEERS 2022 checklist will be applied to assess the reporting quality of the included articles. The entire review process, from screening to data extraction and quality assessment, will be a dual process conducted by two reviewers. Disagreements will be resolved by a third senior reviewer. The extracted data will be synthesised and presented in tables and figures. Conclusion This systematic review will present evidence of cost-effectiveness, along with the strengths and limitations of the existing literature. These findings aim to identify existing gaps, thereby informing and guiding the design of future studies in this domain. Ethics and dissemination Since this is a systematic review protocol, ethical approval is not required. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, with both raw and summarised data shared through the journal or other open platforms. Systematic review registration PROSPERO - CRD42024521521.
El despliegue de la óptica en la Baja Edad Media, la perspectiva renacentista y el giro epistemológico de la modernidad.
Authors: Arbaizar Gil Benito
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo destaca aportaciones
que, desde la Baja Edad Media, desembocan en la revolución científica. Se parte
del desarrollo de la óptica en la escuela
franciscana de Oxford durante el siglo
XIII, para pasar a mostrar el influjo de la
misma en el surgimiento de la perspectiva en la pintura y la geometrización del
espacio físico que esta técnica pictórica
comportaba. Se finaliza indicando cómo
tanto la revolución copernicana como la
científica son herederas de un giro visual, involucrado en la perspectiva, que
conlleva profundas consecuencias epistemológicas y transfiere la centralidad al
sujeto intensificando el dominio sobre la
naturaleza
Hermeneusis sinóptica de ontologías convergentes en las Disputaciones de Suárez.
Authors: Llamas Roig Vicente
Published: January 2025

Las Disputaciones metafísicas de Suárez
son el punto de encuentro de dos líneas
ontológicas, energetista y dinamicista,
amenazadas por el nominalismo ockhamista, sin otra tangencia posible que una
original reelaboración de la unidad formal
(in natura rei ante operationem intellectus)
al esse simplicissimum et primum omnium
en aras de una autónoma scientia perfecta
et a priori. La distinctio rationis ratiocinatae entre esencia y existencia en los seres
creados, la individuación per intrinsecum
y la posibilidad de su noticia directa o la
comprensión del ente ut sic como conceptus obiectivum (ratio obiectiva entis ut sic),
contracta representación quoad nos (sub
denominatione intellectus) del motivo basal de la metafísica con rigurosa prioridad
cognitiva (prima et abstractissima omnium)
cuyo contenido revelaría la reconducción
del esse reale a esse essentiae, son deudas
con uno u otro programa delatoras de un
esfuerzo de síntesis que se perfila umbral
de la modernidad.
El núcleo místico de la eticidad de la razón en Francisco Suárez.
Authors: Senent-De Frutos Juan Antonio
Published: January 2025

El ejercicio de la razón en los actos humanos y para el curso de la realización
del ser humano en Francisco Suárez
(1548-1617) está imbricado o en codeterminación con otros factores o dimensiones de la subjetividad humana. La razón
no es meramente supraestante pues no
opera sola y al margen de otras configuraciones internas como son los afectos
y la teleología o tensión direccional que
éstos articulan en la praxis humana. De
la disposición de los afectos que operan
en el ejercicio de la voluntad configurando la subjetividad humana en relación a
sí mismo y en el entorno de sus relaciones fundamentales, los otros, el conjunto
de la creación y con Dios, va a depender
el correcto uso de la razón en el proceso
de su realización personal y ante las alteridades ante las que responde. La sabiduría de la teología mística medieval y
patrística se hace presente en el análisis de Suárez y en la tradición espiritual jesuita para mostrar y hacerse cargo de la
riqueza y complejidad del homo interior.
El núcleo místico de la subjetividad humana deberá ser reflejamente considerado y cuidado pues de su configuración
pende la eticidad y la sociabilidad comunitaria y política del ser humano
La conciencia cyborg: una defensa de la individualidad corporal.
Authors: de la Serna Ruiz Jorge Esteban
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo desarrolla una crítica constructiva del concepto “cyborg”
de Donna Haraway, a partir de su interpretación desde el enfoque enactivo -o
enactivismo-. Particularmente, se confronta la idea del cyborg como criatura
hibridizada sin partes esenciales alguna
en su arquitectura corporal, para lo cual
se remite a los conceptos de “individualidad” y “conciencia” que este enfoque de
las ciencias cognitivas mantiene. El concepto de “conciencia cyborg” que se propone aquí permite concluir que el cyborg
es una criatura que tiene que pensarse
desde los fenómenos organísmicos de la
conciencia y la individualidad, más que
del cuerpo en sí
Singularidades compartidas: comunidad y acontecimiento en la filosofía de Jean-Luc Nancy.
Authors: Rubín Álvarez Abraham
Published: January 2025

Este estudio examina las conceptualizaciones de comunidad y acontecimiento
en la obra de Jean-Luc Nancy, destacando cómo estos elementos permiten
reinterpretar la libertad en términos de
espacios de diferencia y ruptura. Nancy
articula una noción de comunidad no
como un ente homogéneo sino como un
entrelazamiento de singularidades que
emergen y existen a través de la fractura
y la diferencia. A través del análisis textual y la comparativa con otros filósofos
contemporáneos, este artículo ilustra
cómo Nancy desplaza el foco desde una
ontología del ser hacia una ontología del
ser-con, ofreciendo así nuevas vías para
entender la política y la ética en nuestra
era. Los hallazgos sugieren que la libertad, en el pensamiento de Nancy, se revela no como un atributo o estado, sino
como un proceso dinámico de constante
deconstrucción y relación con el otro.
Este enfoque tiene implicaciones significativas para las teorías contemporáneas de la comunidad, desafiando las
concepciones tradicionales de identidad
y autonomía y reforzando la necesidad de
un diálogo continuo en el espacio compartido de lo político
La alteridad en la construcción del sujeto: Los apócrifos machadianos.
Authors: Sánchez Espillaque Jéssica
Published: January 2025

Partiendo de la concepción asistemática y fragmentaria que Machado tiene de
la filosofía, en este estudio se analiza la
consideración antropológica del yo machadiano como una construcción “introspectiva” mediante la creación de personajes apócrifos. Con el objetivo de descubrir
en la esencial heterogeneidad del ser
uno de los problemas fundamentales de
la filosofía machadiana. Según la cual
el tiempo aparece como el horizonte de
comprensión del ser (humano), haciendo
que esa exploración de lo esencialmente
otro nos proporcione una percepción de la
realidad como algo mutable y cambiante.
Semejante mutabilidad del ser dotará al
hombre de la capacidad de hacerse y conocerse a través de sus otros yos.
What is the lived experience of advanced nurse practitioners of managing risk and patient safety in acute settings? A phenomenological perspective
Authors: Girdher Juliet
Published: January 2025

Background:

Managing clinical risk and patient safety is high on clinical and political agendas. Advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs) are frontline practitioners who make critical decisions. The ANP experience of navigating patient safety and risk is under-researched.

Aim:

To explore the lived experience of ANPs in managing risk and patient safety in acute settings.

Method:

A total of 10 ANPs from three acute settings provided data over 10 months on their experiences of managing risk and safety. Data were obtained through reflective interviews, written reflections and researcher journals. Data were analysed through Van Manen's approach, which was supplemented by NVivo 11.

Results:

The data suggested that how ANPs manage risk and patient safety is influenced by a variety of factors, such as the situation, their knowledge breadth and application, the level of available management support, and their personal emotions. When facing uncertainty, insufficient knowledge/information/time, ANPs were reportedly guided by feelings (happiness, comfort, care, concern, worry) and, in critical times, fuelled by fear. Emotions were both drivers and barriers to practitioners' capabilities. Snapshot judgements were individualised and negotiated depending on the practitioners' and patients' risk tolerance. Experiences of risk often identified a learning need or knowledge deficit, which provided opportunities to develop and advance ANP practice.

Conclusions:

Recognising the emotional toll of managing risk and providing the necessary preparation/training, as well as providing ongoing educational and emotional support of ANPs, will impact recruitment, retention and patient care.
The co-delivery of advanced clinical practice programmes: promoting equitable student experiences
Authors: Lavery Joanna , Fisher Joanne , Fenney Eleanor
Published: January 2025

This article examines the evolution of advanced clinical practice (ACP) programmes in the UK, particularly the shift from traditional master's routes to apprenticeship models in response to workforce demands. The authors highlight the need for higher education institutions (HEIs) to balance expanding apprenticeship pathways with maintaining quality education for both traditional and apprenticeship students. The introduction of ACP programme accreditation and collaboration between employers and HEIs is key to maintaining clinical excellence and patient safety.
Giloy-mediated Copper Nanoparticles: Their Bioactive Components, Medicinal Properties, and Species-Specific Antibacterial Efficacy
Authors: Kundan Kumar  , Varaprasad Kolla  , Dilip Gore  , Ravi Kant Singh  , Pankaj Kumar Tyagi
Published: January 2025

In this study, Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy), rich in bioactive compounds, such as berberine and giloin, was used to synthesize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). The UV-Vis spectrum of the nanoparticles showed a prominent absorption band at 320 nm. The FTIR analysis confirmed stabilization by polyphenols and proteins, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed 18 crystalline peaks. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed agglomerated particles, with individual sizes below 100 nm. The antibacterial efficacy of the CuNPs was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. A significant sensitivity at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 125 µg/mL was shown by K. pneumoniae, while other strains showed resistance. These findings suggest that Giloy-mediated CuNPs could serve as targeted antibacterial agents, especially for multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae, offering eco-friendly and sustainable applications in infection control and biomedical fields.
Therapeutic Potential of Spice-derived Phytochemicals in Oral Cancer Innovations in Nano-delivery for Medicine and Drug Development
Authors: Naveen Sahith Veeramalli  , Aravind Kumar Jagadeesan  , Sridevi Karnati  , Revathi Kandala  , Jaanaa Rubavathy Sukirtharaj  , Sai Sruthi Vasamsetti
Published: January 2025

Oral cancer remains one of the leading global health challenges, with alcohol and tobacco consumption being major risk factors. Despite advancements in medical research, conventional treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for oral cancer are often accompanied by severe side effects, including toxicity, deformity, and compromised functionality. While effective in reducing tumor size, these treatments frequently impact patients' quality of life. Recent interest has shifted towards natural bioactive compounds found in Indian spices, renowned for their therapeutic properties rooted in ancient medicinal traditions. Studies have shown that compounds from spices such as turmeric, clove, black pepper, chili, and cumin exhibit significant anticancer activity, specifically inhibiting oral cancer. These bioactive molecules effectively induce programmed cell death, inhibit cell proliferation, reduce metastasis, and suppress angiogenesis in various oral cancer cell lines, including KB, L292, HEp-2, HSC-4, Ca-9-22, and ORL-48. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic potential of spice-derived compounds, emphasizing their mechanisms of action and efficacy against diverse oral cancer cell lines, and highlighting their promise for innovative treatment strategies in environmental and therapeutic nanotechnology.
An Assessment of the Environmental and Operational Benefits of Diesel-Biodiesel-Nano Additive Blends in Heavy-duty Diesel Engines
Authors: P. Vasanthkumar  , A. Santhoshkumar  , M. Vikneswaran  , N. Senthilkumar
Published: January 2025

As an alternative fuel with low fossil fuel dependency, biodiesel positively impacts the environment. Experimental tests were performed to determine the effect of diesel-biodiesel blends on Cummins diesel engines. Diesel blended with biodiesel in three variations (DB5, DB7.5, and DB10) tested at 11 rotational speeds (1000 to 2000 rpm) and four different load levels (9.4, 18.8, 28.2, and 37.5 kPa). A constant 30ppm of CeO2 is added to all diesel-biodiesel blends. Various parameters were measured and analyzed, including effective power, specific fuel consumption, effective performance, and CO emissions. According to the results, biodiesel content in blends increased specific fuel consumption and reduced effective performance. The Effective power of an engine increases by 50% at 10 kPa and by 37.5% at 35 kPa when engine speed is increased. For DB5, performance is maximum at 1000 rpm about 34%, while at 2000 rpm, performance is minimum about 26%. Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions decreased with rising biodiesel ratio emissions among blends. As a result of this study, more insight is gained into the effect of diesel-biodiesel blends on exhaust emissions and engine performance.
Gender-based corruption: an exploration of sexual corruption in migration contexts in the UK
Authors: Isaac Megan , Gill Aisha K.
Published: January 2025

Corruption and gender-based violence (GBV) have traditionally been seen as important but distinct issues in academic literature. Sexual corruption lies at the intersection of these two fields, and until recently, it has been insufficiently addressed by scholars and practitioners from either field. Although researchers in both areas have now begun to recognise and theorise sexual corruption, the literature remains in its infancy, and there is a conspicuous absence of UK-based academic studies. This article contributes to addressing that absence by exploring how academics and policy professionals who work in the areas of anti-corruption, GBV, and human rights understand sexual corruption in the UK. It makes three key contributions. First, it explores conceptual understandings of sexual corruption and situates these within debates about agency, coercion and consent. Second, it finds that sexual corruption in UK migration contexts is sustained by structurally violent bordering practices. Third, it presents preliminary evidence that sexual corruption occurs at five points in UK migration contexts.
Policing Women's Anger in the Pseudo-Senecan Roman Tragedy Octavia
Authors: Gilbert Mary Hamil
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This article situates the pseudo-Senecan Octavia within a modern feminist framework in order to excavate a reading of the play as a commentary on the suppression of women's anger and agency. In analyzing Octavia's anger as untapped potential to effect real political change, I argue that the gradual suppression of her rage against the backdrop of the gendered brutality experienced by her imperial predecessors facilitates an exploration of systems of misogyny and sexism developed to check female agency precisely at a historical moment when imperial rule had carved out a space for (a few) powerful Roman women.
Editorial: Jewish Cultural Scholarship and Scholars—and Their Institutions—Under Duress
Authors: Bronner Simon J. , Milligan Amy K. , Sebba-Elran Tsafi
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The editors of Jewish Folklore and Ethnology (JFE) express concern about intimidation and estrangement of Israeli and Jewish professors in the international academic community after the surprise attack by Hamas in southern Israel on October 7, 2023. The editors point out that these types of hurtful antisemitic incidents against Israeli and Jewish academics preceded the attack, and they call on their colleagues and administrators to voice their outrage at the harassment, boycotts, and violence against Israeli and Jewish academics in addition to the suppression of Jewish studies, and their adverse effects on scholarship as well as Jewish students and their communities. The editors review statements by folkloristic and ethnological organizations regarding after the attack and express disappointment at lack of support for Israeli and Jewish students, staff, and faculty members. The editors reaffirm JFE ’s commitment to advance research in Jewish cultural studies, use education to combat hate and ignorance, and not hold contributors to a political litmus test.
Austerity and Aggression: Government Responses to IMF Conditionality
Authors: Clark Richard , Meyerrose Anna M.
Published: January 2025

abstract: The International Monetary Fund (imf) offers countries emergency financial support in exchange for the implementation of stringent policy conditions that often cause political and economic upheaval in target states. How do leaders in borrower countries respond to the backlash from publics and elites that often emerges in these cases? The authors argue that leaders seek to divert attention from economic issues under imf conditionality by employing security-oriented rhetoric and sparking low-cost skirmishes internationally. Such diversionary tactics may help leaders to skirt blame for the short-term economic costs of imf-imposed structural adjustment by driving a rally-around-the-flag effect. The authors pair text analysis of ruling party manifestos with regression analysis of the relationship between imf conditionality and the initiation of interstate disputes and find support for their argument.
Fresnel biprism common-path low-coherence digital holography for dynamic light scattering spectroscopy of biological materials
Authors: Goodwin Gabriel , Lim Dawith , Mahajan Shivani , Nolte David D.
Published: January 2025

Doppler frequency shifts associated with the motions in cells range from mHz to Hz, requiring ultra-stable interferometry to capture frequency offsets at several parts in 1018. Common-path interferometers minimize the influence of mechanical disturbances when the signal and reference share common optical elements. In this paper, multi-mode speckle self-referencing via a Fresnel biprism demonstrates frequency stability down to 1 mHz. A low-coherence NIR source creates an OCT-like pseudo-coherence-gate in Fourier-domain holography without phase stepping, and the Fourier reconstruction of the self-referencing speckle fields produces an image-domain autocorrelation of the target. Fluctuation spectroscopy of dynamic speckle is performed on a semi-solid lipid emulsion that captures Brownian thermal signatures and on feline tissue culture that measures active intracellular transport. The extension of biodynamic imaging to lower frequencies opens the opportunity for studies of cell crawling in macroscopic living tissues.
Dynamic quantitative phase imaging using deep spatial-temporal prior
Authors: Li Siteng , Wang Fei , Fu Zhenfeng , Bian Yaoming , Situ Guohai
Published: January 2025

Non-interferometric deep learning-based quantitative phase imaging (QPI) has recently emerged as a label-free, stable, and convenient measurement of optical path length delays introduced by phase samples. Subsequently, the new paradigm of integrating deep learning techniques with physical knowledge has further enhanced the precision and interpretability without requiring a training dataset. However, this approach is often hindered by the lengthy optimization process, which severely limits its practical applications, especially for tasks that require the handling of multiple frames. In this study, we introduce a method that leverages spatial-temporal prior (STeP) from video sequences and incorporates lightweight convolutional operations into a physics-enhanced neural network (PhysenNet) for QPI of dynamic objects. Our findings indicate that we can achieve more accurate reconstructions of dynamic phase distributions without introducing additional measurements, significantly reducing both computational costs and training time by over 90%, even under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions. This advancement paves the way for more efficient and effective solutions to multi-frame inverse imaging problems.
Cascaded stimulated polariton scattering in a dual-Stokes cavity terahertz parametric oscillator
Authors: Gao Feilong , Wang Zecheng , Song Qi , Xie Yiyan , Jiang Mingzhe , Zhang Bingyuan
Published: January 2025

Terahertz polariton sources based on the stimulated polariton scattering (SPS) can generate the terahertz wave with a narrow linewidth and continuous tunability. A single SPS process has limited conversion efficiency due to the Manley–Rowe relation. In this Letter, we implement a dual-Stokes cavity structure within an intracavity terahertz parametric oscillator (TPO) to achieve a two-order cascaded SPS process. As a result, the dual-Stokes cavity TPO demonstrates an increment of 29% in terahertz output power compared to that obtained in the non-cascaded SPS configuration.
Wavelength-dependent optical detection of strain waves near intrinsic and artificial optical resonances
Authors: van den Hooven Thomas J. , Planken Paul C. M.
Published: January 2025

Laser-induced, ultrafast strain waves are potentially interesting for subsurface metrology in the semiconductor industry. These waves are commonly detected by measuring their effect on the reflectance of a material. Changes in reflectance are typically small, making detection difficult. In this Letter, we compare strain-wave-induced changes in reflectance at and around an interband transition (IBT) and a surface plasmon polariton resonance (SPR). Both are present on an Au-covered segmented grating, at different wavelengths. Using a white light continuum (WLC) probe pulse, we measure ultrafast reflectance changes over a broad wavelength range. We find that the strain-wave-induced changes at the IBT are only about 37% smaller than those measured with probe wavelengths close to an SPR. This contrasts with the different appearance of the SPR and the IBT in the static reflectance spectrum of the sample. Our results show that the static reflectance spectrum is not a good predictor for the strain-wave-induced reflectance changes and emphasize the importance of experiments to find the optimum wavelength to detect strain waves.
Modes and mechanisms for the inheritance of mitochondria and plastids in pathogenic protists
Authors: Collier Sophie L. , Farrell Sarah N. , Goodman Christopher D. , McFadden Geoffrey I.
Published: January 2025

Pathogenic protists are responsible for many diseases that significantly impact human and animal health across the globe. Almost all protists possess mitochondria or mitochondrion-related organelles, and many contain plastids. These endosymbiotic organelles are crucial to survival and provide well-validated and widely utilised drug targets in parasitic protists such as Plasmodium and Toxoplasma. However, mutations within the organellar genomes of mitochondria and plastids can lead to drug resistance. Such mutations ultimately challenge our ability to control and eradicate the diseases caused by these pathogenic protists. Therefore, it is important to understand how organellar genomes, and the resistance mutations encoded within them, are inherited during protist sexual reproduction and how this may impact the spread of drug resistance and future therapeutic approaches to target these organelles. In this review, we detail what is known about mitochondrial and plastid inheritance during sexual reproduction across different pathogenic protists, often turning to their better studied, nonpathogenic relatives for insight.
The present breath
Authors: González Laura
Published: January 2025

In 2020, when the novel coronavirus, a respiratory disease, is ravaging the world, considering the breath for its health and well-being properties has never been more important. In addition, our breath has qualities that enhance presence and resilience, which are elusive to harness. Thus, breath becomes a powerful tool for the performer, potentially helping her devise works as well as enhancing a connection to her whole self, physical, mental and spiritual. To breathe is to be alive. Respiration is a key system in the human body’s function, a particularly privileged one, for it is both automatic and can be influenced consciously, enabling access to other systems, notably the nervous system. In this writing, I explore, very briefly and from a practitioner’s point of view, how the breath works, outlining the benefits of deep breathing and drawing on experience and available literature. I outline how the breath has been considered theoretically and practically in eastern and western cultures and examine works of art that place breath at their centre. Art helps us to see the potential of breath. This is a broad study, aimed at showing the importance held by the breath across time, geographical locations and art forms. I consider the specific practice of pranayama breathing as a way of harnessing life force, enhancing the physical, mental and spiritual health and well-being of performers exposed to precarious work (made even more precarious by the current health crisis). I present the three requirements of a pranayama practice and make recommendations for those who want to use the techniques by themselves. I conclude by expanding this therapeutic application of pranayama into a fundamental tool to cultivate presence and resilience in the live art performer, offering personal reflections from my own experience of creating one-to-one durational work.
Belonging: Sustainable heritage through digital technologies
Authors: Bilal Aysha
Published: January 2025

Cultural heritage is inherent in the belongings of a society. These possessions can be tangible or intangible but holds value for the people and communities. Cultural heritage, whether it is architectural buildings or natural landscapes, literary writings or performing arts, tales or traditions, moral values or religious rituals, serves as evidence of the evolution of societies and connects humans with the past to live their present and plan their future in reference to what the groups of people and communities have been practicing in the past. Regardless of how old the cultural monuments or tales and traditions of a society are, they always offer something new to learn for future generations. Preservation of cultural heritage is the only way to embrace the history of humanity and rebuild societies. The awareness of heritage, tangible and intangible, and the process of preserving it has accelerated with the emergence of digital technologies. Digital imaging of various types is providing enormous support to the processes of physical restoration and in the building of virtual data on heritage sites. This article examines the heritage sites under threat and the role of digital technologies in the transformation of heritage in recent times.
Enhancing city resilience through theatre
Authors: McNamara Julia , Doran Barbara , Pratt Susanne
Published: January 2025

While change is to be expected, current trends such as the climate crisis, rising resource scarcity and increasingly volatile international economic systems have the potential to move our global society into new system states. Additionally, the scale of impact is expected to become more pronounced as urban and regional areas continue to grow. Because of this, there are growing movements which aim to increase resilience in our cities. This article builds on current explorations in using creativity within sustainable city planning and growing connections between the arts and well-being, to act as an exploratory pilot study probing the relationship between theatre and city resilience within regional Australia. To explore the proposed relationship between theatre and resilience, three lenses were used to understand features of city resilience. This investigation was then applied in the context of Geelong, a regional Australian city in the state of Victoria. Geelong was chosen as the case study site as it was the first regional Australian city to be part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network, a global network of cities recognizing creativity as a strategic factor of sustainable development. Through this exploration, a preliminary relationship between theatre and the three lenses for understanding city resilience was established. The lenses being: theatre as a tool for sensemaking, theatre as a tool for placemaking and theatre as a tool for social connection. This relationship suggests the potential of theatre to enhance city resilience in regional Australian cities in times of transition. This has implications for how theatre can be positioned to contribute to cultural policy, resilient urban planning and improving community health and well-being.
Experience Report: Inclusion of People with Disabilities in Tourism through University Extension
Authors: Ferst Marklea , Lobato Beatriz
Published: January 2025

Este relato de experiência trata da inclusão de pessoas com deficiência (PcD) no turismo por meio da extensão universitária, destacando a importância das atividades extensionistas para promover a acessibilidade. O estudo analisa as atividades do programa de extensão Mais Acesso, desenvolvido na Universidade do Estado do Amazonas – UEA, que visa sensibilizar a sociedade e capacitar profissionais para atender às necessidades da PcD nas atividades turísticas, educacionais e culturais. O objetivo geral é analisar a eficácia das iniciativas do Programa Mais Acesso na promoção da inclusão de pessoas com deficiência no turismo. A metodologia utilizada é descritiva, com uma abordagem qualitativa baseada na análise das atividades realizadas pelo programa entre 2022 e 2024. Foram desenvolvidos cursos, palestras e atendimentos psicológicos para PcD, além de ações de turismo pedagógico e sensibilização sobre direitos da PcD. Os resultados mostram que o programa impactou positivamente a inclusão de PcD, melhorando a conscientização e o atendimento a esse público. Além disso, contribuiu para o desenvolvimento acadêmico dos alunos e para a formação de profissionais capacitados. Conclui-se que as atividades de extensão são fundamentais para a inclusão social de PcD e para a promoção de uma sociedade mais inclusiva e justa.
Commonwealth Trade Review 2021: Energising Commonwealth Trade in a Digital World - Paths to Recovery Post-COVID
Authors: Secretariat Commonwealth
Published: January 2025

Commonwealth countries’ trade and investment have been affected significantly by COVID-19. The theme of Commonwealth Trade Review 2021 is ‘Energising Commonwealth Trade in a Digital World: Paths to Recovery Post-COVID’. This edition presents new empirical findings about the impact of the pandemic and practical recommendations to boost trade recovery and build resilience, especially by harnessing digital trade and digital technologies, utilising post-Brexit trading opportunities and promoting more sustainable green and blue economies.
Central Bank Digital Currencies: Big Tech in Small States
Authors: Cover-Kus Heather
Published: January 2025

In October 2020, The Bahamas became the first country in the world to nationally launch a central bank digital currency (CBDC), the Sand Dollar. The impressive growth of this new technology inspires the question: why are so many countries interested in CBDCs? This paper seeks to understand both the drive behind CBDCs in general and why so many developing countries—small states in particular—are adopting them so quickly.
Digital Reboot: The Case for a Newly Invigorated Aid for Digital Trade Initiative
Authors: Lacey Simon
Published: January 2025

Aid for Trade (AfT), first launched in 2005, has come a long way over the last fifteen years and has undeniably made an important contribution to overcoming the many constraints holding developing countries back from greater participation in international trade, and thus from reaping many of its benefits. This paper first examines which AfT initiatives have sought to enable greater participation by developing countries in digital trade specifically, while also seeking to distil some of the more valuable lessons learned in this process. By way of four case studies, it examines some recent successes of Digital AfT initiatives, including one that addresses connectivity infrastructure gaps and another that involves efforts to raise digital skills in order to support entrepreneurship in the e-commerce sector. The paper concludes by first advocating for the adoption of a greater focus on the digital dimension in the conceptualisation and implementation of AfT initiatives – proposing the launch of a new Aid for Digital Trade agenda in order to update the original AfT approach – and then outlining a number of specific ways in which this could and should happen.
The EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: Implications for Commonwealth Countries
Authors: Vickers Brendan , Ali Salamat , Powell Kimonique
Published: January 2025

This issue of Commonwealth Trade Hot Topics examines the structure and orientation of Commonwealth countries’ CBAM-related exports to the EU to determine their level of exposure to this potential carbon pricing mechanism. The analysis is based on the Commonwealth countries’ trade flows in 2019 for the goods specified in Annex I of the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the CBAM.
An Assessment of Vulnerable Sectors and EO Data Potential in Fiji
Authors: Secretariat Commonwealth
Published: January 2025

This report gives an overview of the climate finance landscape in Fiji, highlighting the funding gaps in priority sectors identified by Fiji and the potential to use Earth Observation data to support access to much-needed adaptation and mitigation finance for these sectors.
Strategy to Enhance Private Sector Engagement in Eswatini NDC Actions
Authors: Secretariat Commonwealth
Published: January 2025

The private sector in Eswatini is not currently well engaged in NDC action. Barriers limiting Eswatini’s private sector mass engagement towards green investments are largely the result of a lack of enabling policy and financial incentives to reduce investment risks and increase the willingness of the private sector. The Government of Eswatini thus needs to create an enabling policy and regulatory environment to enable private sector innovation and investment in NDC actions. Providing a robust framework for public-private partnerships and creating investment incentives will help minimise unnecessary costs and reduce risks and therefore attract private sector investment.
Gender Integration for Climate Action: A Review of Commonwealth Member Country Nationally Determined Contributions
Authors: Secretariat Commonwealth
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a macro-level overview of the extent of gender integration in Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), and new or revised Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) by Commonwealth member countries submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by 26 July 2021, which total 20 of the 54 member countries.

It is an entry point for considering the degree of gender integration in the national climate goals of Commonwealth member countries.