bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El impacto que las tecnologías de la información ejercen en las empresas del medio rural
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Inda Alma Delia
Published: February 2025

Las empresas del Valle de Guadalupe, Ensenada, Baja California, México presentan problemas en su operación y procesos de comercialización, la gestión administrativa de atención a la demanda y control de ingresos así como la limitada comunicación y seguimiento al cliente. El objetivo es determinar la influencia que la web a través de implementar redes sociales en la promoción de productos y/o servicios ejerce sobre la percepción de los clientes en comparación con la obtención de ingresos. El método es mixto, no experimental, transversal y exploratorio, donde se utiliza la valoración a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), mediante la técnica de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS). Las hipótesis de estudio son: H1 la infraestructura tecnológica influye significativamente en la obtención de ingresos en las empresas del medio rural y H2 la infraestructura tecnológica influye significativamente en la relación con los clientes en las empresas del medio rural.
Estrategias de recuperación de pagos indebidos en el contexto de tributación en Baja California: el caso de la comisión estatal de servicios públicos de Mexicali
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Chacón Dayane Alejandra , Martinez-Perez Berenice ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Coronado García Cipriano Domingo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Published: February 2025

La Comisión Estatal de Servicios Públicos de Mexicali, es un Organismo Público Descentralizado de la Administración Pública Estatal que tiene como objeto proporcionar servicios de agua potable, de alcantarillado sanitario y de tratamiento de aguas residuales a los gobernados. (Reglamento Interno de la Comisión Estatal de Servicios Públicos de Mexicali, 2021).
Dicha Comisión, se organiza y funciona a través de Unidades Administrativas, como son la Dirección General y Subdirecciones y entre ellas, la Subdirección Comercial que se conformó a su vez con diversos departamentos de control comercial y técnico, así como Zonas Comerciales.
Las Subdirecciones y las Zonas Comerciales se encuentran en funcionamiento, desarrollando aquellas funciones asignadas por el propio Reglamento Interno de la Comisión Estatal de Servicios Públicos de Mexicali, en lo sucesivo, Reglamento de la Comisión.
Psychological and Sociological Perspective of Methamphetamine (Ice) Usage among Students in Punjab: A Mixed Methodology Approach
Authors: Mahrukh Ansar  , Sobia Gulshan  , Irsa Hyder Shaikh  , Muhammad Usman
Published: February 2025

Background: Methamphetamine (ice) use among students in Punjab, Pakistan, is becoming a significant concern. The growing prevalence of methamphetamine use in this population necessitates an exploration of the psychological and sociological factors driving its use.Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of methamphetamine use among students in Punjab, understand the psychological motivations behind its use, and explore the sociological factors contributing to its increase.Methods: This mixed-methodology study involved quantitative surveys of 500 university students and in-depth qualitative interviews with 30 regular methamphetamine users. Data were collected on psychological distress using the DASS-21 scale and on sociological factors such as peer pressure and family dynamics. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data to identify recurring patterns.Results: The prevalence of methamphetamine use among students was found to be 9%, with 5% being regular users. The primary reasons for use included academic pressure (60%) and peer influence (72%). Psychological distress was prevalent, with 65% of users reporting anxiety, depression, or stress. Sociologically, 72% of users reported peer pressure as a key factor, while 35% reported family conflict or dysfunction as contributing factors.Conclusion: Methamphetamine use among students is driven by both psychological and sociological factors, with academic stress and peer pressure being the most significant contributors. Effective interventions must address both individual mental health and social influences to reduce methamphetamine use in this population.
Miomectomía múltiple por vía abdominal en una paciente joven
Authors: Rodríguez Duarte Luis Alberto
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Los leiomiomas uterinos son los tumores benignos ginecológicos más frecuentes en las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Entre el 30 % y el 40 % de las mujeres pueden padecerlo en algún momento de su vida, pero la mayoría de los miomas no producen síntomas. En algunas mujeres pueden provocar hemorragias, dolor abdominal e infertilidad; estos casosson los que pueden tratarse quirúrgicamente mediante el procedimiento de la miomectomía. Caso clínico: Paciente de 23 años, de la etnia Garífuna, con antecedentes de presentar sangrado menstrual e intermenstrual abundante, acompañado de dolor abdominal generalizado y anemia severa, que requirió ser transfundida con glóbulos rojos en tres ocasiones. Es enviada a la consulta de ginecología del Hospital Regional del Sur, Dangriga, Belice, con diagnóstico de mioma uterino sintomático. Se realizaron exámenes complementarios que permitieron diagnosticar leiomiomas uterinos múltiples. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico consistente en una miomectomía múltiple sin complicaciones transoperatorias. Se conservó el útero de la paciente, la cual tuvo una recuperación postoperatoria satisfactoria. Conclusiones: La leiomiomatosis uterina múltiple representa un reto clínico por la edad, signos y síntomas, aspectos decisivos a la hora de elegir el tratamiento. Consideramos que la miomectomía es un procedimiento quirúrgico seguro y eficaz, para mantener la capacidad reproductiva de estas pacientes.
Infarto por oclusión de la arteria de Percheron
Authors: Su Humberto , Bravo Vallejos Norman Danilo
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El infarto de la arteria de Percheron es una enfermedad talámica bilateral aguda, se presenta en el 0.1%-0.3% de todos los ictus isquémicos; el diagnóstico se confirma mediante estudios de imagen de resonancia magnética y angiotomografía. Caso clínico: Masculino de 74 años, con antecedente de diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial y dislipidemia, con historia de dos días de evolución de presentar desorientación, habla incoherente, bradilalia, disartria, dificultad para la deglución y alteración de consciencia. Al examen físico: presión arterial 160/90 mmHg, Neurológico Glasgow 11/15, limitación de la mirada vertical, ausencia de reflejo nauseoso y dificultad para la deglución, sin alteraciones en la movilización. Tomografía axial computarizada cerebral: atrofia cerebral difusa bihemisférica, zonas de hipodensidad de la substancia blanca periventricular bilateral con extensión a la corona radiada, hipodensidad en el aspecto paramedial de ambos tálamos con densidad de +32 UH en el territorio de la arteria de Percheron. Proteína C Reactiva con tendencia a elevación (30.7, 97.4, r: 1-5). Ultrasonido Doppler de cuello identifica cambios ateroescleróticos carotídeos con engrosamiento bilateral complejo de la íntima media en carótida común con extensión a bulbos, estrechez inestable de 50% por placa de pared posterior en el bulbo carotídeo izquierdo. Conclusión: Este reporte muestra que la prontitud en la realización de la Tomografía axial computarizada cerebral simple en un medio de bajos recursos puede ser útil para el abordaje del paciente con sospecha de diagnóstico de Síndrome de Percheron.
A Comparative Study of Partial Differential Equation Solving Methods and Their Applications
Authors: Layla Esmet Jalil  , Nada Hadi Malik  , Mohammed Kayqubad Hussein
Published: February 2025

In this review, we undertake an in-depth survey of the traditional as well as modern methods used in finding solutions for partial differential equations (henceforth PDEs). We categorise these equations into three main kinds: elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic. We also give illustrative examples of these PDEs and discuss the applications of them in a range of fields. This range extends from fluid dynamics (hydrodynamics), as well as thermal (heat) conduction, to quantum mechanics. Our exploration features a number of analyses used in this regard such as variable splitting or defactorising in addition to the transforms invented by Fourier and Laplace. Not only this but also this survey takes in numerical methods ranging from grid-based (finite difference), mesh-based (finite element) to spectral. Also discussed in this paper is a range of special techniques that ranges from the variational techniques, Green's (fundamental solution) functions to perturbation (also known as Asymptotic expansion in addition to sketching the latest developments with respect to computational methods. This review also sheds light on current challenges that confront addressing complicated PDEs especially those nonlinear and multi-variable. In this regard, the paper calls for more research in order to develop more effective methods. The paper maps out the importance of PDE usages in real-life and its potential for more related discoveries in the future particularly with respect to areas such as machine learning and quantum computing.
On a (ω, c)−periodic solution for an impulsive system of differential equations with product of two nonlinear functions and mixed maxima
Authors: Abduvahobov Tohirjon A.
Published: February 2025

In this article the questions of existence and uniqueness of (ω, c)−periodic solution of boundary value problem for an impulsive system of ordinary differential equations with product of two nonlinear functions and mixed maxima are studied. This problem is reduced to the investigation of solvability of the system of nonlinear functionalintegral equations. The method of contracted mapping is used in the proof of unique solvability of nonlinear functional-integral equations in the space BD ([0, ω], R n). Obtained an estimate for the (ω, c)−periodic solution of the studying problem.
تأثير ممارسة الرياضة والتغذية الصحية في ضبط مستوى السكر في الدم
Authors: محمود داود سلمان  , سرى عباس عبيد  , ذكرى خالد محمد
Published: February 2025

نظراً لقلة التركيز على الاسس الوظيفية والبيوكيميائية عند ممارسة الرياضة  المصحوب بتغذية صحية, ارتأى الباحثون  دراسة هذا الجانب العلمي وفق اسس حديثة من اجل ضبط نسبة السكر في الدم والوصول بالممارسين للنشاطات الرياضية مع تغذية صحية  الى المستوى الجيد .
وتعد نسبة السكر في الدم مؤشراً مهماً للتعرف على مستوى التطور البدني والوظيفي اضافة الى فهم عملية وضع البرامج الملائمة لممارسي الرياضة , أذ من خلال ذلك يمكن معرفة تأثيرهما عن طريق ملاحظة صعود وهبوط نسبة السكر والتي يعتمد كل منها على نوعية النشاط الرياضي.
وهدفت الدراسة التعرف على تأثير ممارسة الرياضة في ضبط مستوى السكر بالدم لدى عينة من الممارسين للنشاط الرياضي في محافظة بابل من الشباب الرياضيين ممن تتراوح اعمارهم مابين 21-25سنة, حيث تكونت من (9) رياضيين  تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية وهم ابطال محافظة بابل بركض (100 م – و1500 م- 5000 م ) وعددهم 3 في كل فعالية استخدم الباحثون المنهج التجريبي لحل مشكلة البحث وبعد معالجة البيانات باستخدام القوانين الاحصائية المناسبة تم التوصل الى عدد من النتائج من اهمها

ظهور زيادة في نسبة السكر في الدم لكل من راكضي 1500 م و 5000 م نتيجة هدم كمية من الكلايكوجين الخزين اضافة الى الدهون المخزونة وتحللها .
عدم ظهور زيادة في نسبة السكر في دم راكضي المسافات القصيرة (100 م
ان التعرف على التغيرات الوظيفية والكيميائية تحسن استجابة الجسم والتحكم بمهام اعضائه المختلفة والتي يحتاجها الرياضيين بشكل عام ورياضي المسافات القصيرة والمتوسطة بشكل خاص .

وقد اوصى الباحثون بـ:

اجراء فحوصات مختبرية دورية لجميع ممارسي الرياضة

وعلى مختلف مستوياتهم لما لها من فائدة على صحتهم والاستمرار بتطور مستواهم
يجب وضع نتائج الفحوصات للمتغيرات البايوكيميائية في الدم لكل الممارسين تحت تصرف المدربين والمختصين اثناء وضع المناهج التدريبية وذلك من اجل ان تكون هذه المناهج مبنية على اسس علمية
أثر استخدام أسلوب لنوعين من الاكتشاف في تعلم بعض أشكال التصويب بكرة السلة
Authors: جنان غازي صكر
Published: February 2025

يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على أثر استخدام  اسلوبين لنوعين من الاكتشاف الموجه وغبر الموجه في تعلم بعض اشكال التصويب بكرة السلة  لدى عينة البحث ، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف اعتمدت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي, أما مجتمع البحث فتمثل طالبات المرحلة الثانية / متوسطة البتول للبنات / مديرية تربية الكرخ الثالثة للعام الدراسي 2023-2024 ، والبالغ عددهم (٢٨٢)  طالبة موزعين على (8) شعب ، تم اختيار من ثلاث شعب بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة ( القرعة), , ثم قامت الباحثة بتحديد متغيرات البحث و التي تمثلت بأشكال التصويب بكرة السلة (التصويب من الثبات، التصويب من القفز، التصويب السلمي), وقامت الباحثة بأعداد منهج تعليميي للمجموعتين التجريبية بأسلوب الاكتشاف (الموجه , شبه الموجه) اما المجموعة الضابطة استخدمت الاسلوب الامري المتبع من قبل مدرسة المادة , وبعد الحصول على النتائج اعتمدت الباحثة البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS)، إذ استنجت الباحثة إن التعلم بأسلوب الاكتشاف شبه الموجه هو أفضل من التعلم بأسلوب الاكتشاف الموجه والأسلوب المتبع (الامري) في تعلم بعض أشكال التصويب بكرة السلة ، واوصت تطبيق أسلوب الاكتشاف بنوعيه (الموجه , شبه الموجه) كأسلوب علمي في تعلم بعض أشكال التصويب بكرة السلة .
القيمة السوقية لدى اللاعبين المحترفين وعلاقتها بالعوامل الداخلية لنظام الدوري العراقي الممتاز
Authors: عبد الرزاق عبد علكم  , محمد سلطان حسين  , مهدي سليمي
Published: February 2025

أدى صعود كرة القدم الاحترافية في العراق في السنوات الأخيرة إلى ظهور أبعاد جديدة ، أحد الجوانب الأكثر أهمية في أعمال كرة القدم هو انتقال اللاعبين، اذ تعد قيمة اللاعبين المحترفين في الدوري العراقي الممتاز موضوعًا مهمًا يثير اهتمام العديد من الفاعلين في عالم كرة القدم، أن العوامل التي تحدد تكلفة الانتقال تختلف بشكل كبير بين قطاعات السوق ويمكن تمييزها في أبعاد مختلفة. لذلك ولعل من ابرز العوامل التي تحدد قيمة اللاعب السوقية هي العوامل الداخلية لنظام الدوري كقانون الانتقالات. ومن هنا تبرز مشكلة البحث في أنه لا يوجد اتفاق نظري عام حول هذه المؤشرات، بحيث ركزت بعض الدراسات على المؤشرات الفردية وأخرى على المؤشرات الجماعية والتنظيمية وبرزت المشكلة من خلال التساول ماهي علاقة تسعير وتقييم لاعبي كرة القدم في الدوري العراقي الممتاز مع العوامل الداخلية لنظام الدوري العراقي الممتاز؟ استـخدم الباحثين المنهج الوصفي وتم اختيار مجتمع البحث بصورة قصدية  وتمثلت باللاعبين المحترفين في الدوري العراقي والبالغ عددهم 235 واقتراح (3) مجالات في الاستمارة لخصائص اللاعبين المحترفين اقتراح (20)  فقرة موزعة على المجالات الثلاث واعتمد على عقود الاندبة لتحديد السعر واستنتج الباحث يوجد علاقة ارتباط بين  العوامل الداخلية لنظام الدوري مع القيمة السعرية للاعبين  واوصوا تنمية وتعزيز العوامل الداخلية لنظام الدوري من خلال تشريعات ملائمة  لما له من دور في تعزيز القيمة السوقية  لدى اللاعبين المحترفين
V. I. VERNADSKY'S NOOSPHERE AND THE CONDITION FOR PROVIDING THE «DICTATORSHIP OF MIND» IN HUMAN COMMUNITIES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINE
Authors: ARABCHUK Yaroslav , KULIKOVSKY Roman , MARYCH Volodymyr , PETRENKO Victor
Published: February 2025

The article, based on the analysis of the existing experience of using management technologies of involvement, participation and inclusion of human resources in the processes of development, adoption and implementation of management decisions important for the development of territorial communities (TC) of Ukraine, demonstrates that these technologies are still used in practical management to a very limited extent. This is caused by residual manifestations of the traditions of command-administrative management, inherent in the institutional structure of the Soviet period and the long-term impact on the formation of the consciousness of human resources on the principles of collectivism, centralized management and the laws of a non-market economy. It is shown that the radical changes taking place in Ukrainian society require adequate changes in public management technologies at all levels of the state management hierarchy and, first of all, at its basic level – territorial communities, for which it is necessary to intensify the use of the main resource of their population – social, integral or collective intelligence, capable and must ensure the «dictatorship of mind» in the management of the life of communities. A method, tool and conditions have been proposed, under which only people mentally oriented and prepared to work for the benefit of the community, and not personal or group interests and goals, will be included in the leadership and staff of a local government body. The results and conclusions obtained can potentially be used to manage the necessary changes in individual and group intellectual portraits of human resources of communities, which will require a number of additional experimental studies.
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors: BARAN Mariіa , KURUS Ruslan
Published: February 2025

The article actualizes the issue of international cooperation of territorial communities (ІТC). The author highlights the role of ІТC for Ukraine in view of our country's integration into the European space and the increase in the powers and capabilities of Ukrainian territorial communities as a result of decentralization.
The publication presents the main amendments to the Law of Ukraine «About International Territorial Cooperation of Ukraine».
The section «International Partnership of Communities» on the Decentralization portal was analyzed. The state of establishment of international partnerships of the TG of Ivano-Frankivsk region is analyzed. It is noted, that 29 TCs of the Prykarpattia have concluded agreements with municipalities of 21 countries. Most of the agreements were concluded with the following countries: Republic of Poland (23 TCs); Federal Republic of Germany (8 TCs); Romania (7 TCs). The author points out that there is a need to restore lost ties and update the areas of cooperation between the TCs and their foreign partners.
The author highlights the advantages of the ІТC and notes that there is a need to develop international partnerships that provide support in crisis situations, in the process of European integration, and actualize security issues, infrastructure restoration, and humanitarian support.
It is summarized that the future of TCs is impossible without establishing ІТC. It is emphasized that today Ukrainian communities have experience that is not available in most EU countries (experience in decentralization, digitalization, organization of administrative services, crisis management in TCs, integration of IDPs, experience in building the resilience of TCs under martial law), which can be shared with TCs of the international community.
CONTENT AND FEATURES OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEMS IN THE «SOCIETY 5.0» ERA
Authors: HYRYAVETS Oleksandr , NEMISH Yulia
Published: February 2025

The article highlights the peculiarities of the theoretical foundations of the digital transformation of public management and administration systems in the developed countries of the world and Ukraine. A detailed analysis of the formation and development of digitalization processes at the stage of humanity's transition to the era of the information society - knowledge society, or «Society 5.0» was conducted and it was established that the purposeful and planned transformation of national public administration systems on a digital basis is today a global trend. The leading countries of the world consider digitization as a priority national strategic task and a certain driver of new paradigms and concepts of public administration. The new «digital» management is characterized by complexity, organizational and contextual diversity, the very essence of management processes, which consists in the transition from traditional hierarchical and vertical «administration» to a horizontal network system of the platform type with extensive use of tools for digital service-oriented interaction of state authorities and citizen.
It is substantiated that in the conditions of the post-war recovery of our state, one of the first steps should be the implementation of all possible steps regarding the further development of the processes of digitalization of state management and administration in Ukraine, which will significantly strengthen the internal human potential of our state and increase its competitiveness on world markets. The transition to a new «digital public administration» will lead to an increase in the quality of public services, a reduction in unjustified state intervention in the processes of self-regulation of market and social relations. This will make it possible to get rid of corruption, increase the efficiency and effectiveness of public administration of our country as a whole.
STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS OF STRENGTHENING THE ROLE OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Authors: KOLISNICHENKO Natalia , KUSPLYAK Ihor , YAKUBOVSKYI Oleksii
Published: February 2025

The paper aims to determine the strategic directions for developing social responsibility within the healthcare sector. The report of the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee on Social Responsibility and Health updates the concept of social responsibility in the context of providing medical care, which forms a new paradigm in the management of health care facilities. In the process of research, both general scientific and special methods were used: analysis of the source base; comparative method for characterizing the subject of research; analysis and synthesis to reveal the features of social responsibility in health care; logical generalization of results (formulation of conclusions). The relations of subjects in health care with respect to compliance with the relevant norms of activity are investigated. The goal is to guarantee patient safety, coordinate stakeholder interests, and manage relationships among various stakeholders. These relationships are represented by an algorithm of actions that healthcare institutions can follow to address the primary conflicts involving interested parties. The corporate social responsibility (CSR) of these institutions is also examined separately. The strategic directions for developing a CSR system are defined as increasing transparency in decision-making, maintaining the institution's reputation, transitioning to a monitoring system, among others. In general, CSR is viewed as a special form of social capital. Additionally, the paper substantiates the importance of interaction with local authorities, providing relevant recommendations for strengthening the social responsibility of healthcare institutions. Based on the obtained results, further research should be aimed at determining the strategic directions of the development of corporate social responsibility.
QUALITY ASSURANCE MECHANISMS FOR IMPROVING THE QUALIFICATIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETENCE-ORIENTED HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR UKRAINIAN
Authors: KUKHAR Volodymyr , MUSILOVSKYI Ihor
Published: February 2025

In the article, based on the analysis of the latest scientific research and the practice of public administration, an attempt was made to systematize mechanisms for ensuring the quality of improving the qualifications of local self-government officials in the context of competence-oriented human resources management in the public sector of Ukraine; it is shown that the efficiency and effectiveness of the activities of local self-government officials depends on how effectively various human resources management technologies are implemented and work; it is stated that in the conditions of prospective European integration of Ukraine, the introduction of a competence-oriented approach to human resources management in the system of local self-government acquires special importance; it has been proven that the reform of the service in local self-government bodies in Ukraine on the basis of the new Law [20] and the logical completion of the decentralization processes are possible only under the condition of the formation of a professional, competent, motivated body of local self-government employees, including with the help of a system of professional development aimed at professional development for the effective performance of the functions of the state and local self-government; it is convincingly shown that the monitoring of the qualification improvement of local self-government officials, which is carried out in order to ensure the quality control of the provision of educational services for professional training participants by obtaining objective information, identifying and tracking trends regarding the quality of their qualification improvement, has a decisive role; it has been proven that the quality of improving the qualifications of local self-government officials and in today's conditions is particularly relevant, as it will directly affect the quality of providing administrative services to members of territorial communities.
THE STATE OF HIGHER EDUCATION GOVERNANCE IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN CHALLENGES
Authors: NESTERENKO Halyna , BARABUKHA Nataliia
Published: February 2025

The article analyses the problems of functioning of higher education institutions in Ukraine and the state influence on their activities. The legal framework regulating the activities of these institutions, in particular the Law of Ukraine ‘On Higher Education’, which is key in the formation of educational policy, is considered. The author also identifies the public authorities that formulate and implement the state policy in the field of higher education, including the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the National Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education.
Ukraine has created a regulatory framework for the functioning of the higher education system, with a number of legal acts regulating the legal, organizational and financial aspects of managing the higher education system. However, at the current stage of martial law, the regulatory framework for higher education requires a new understanding of the essence of educational services in the context of the market, globalization and European integration, and new approaches to solving problems of the functioning of the higher education sector under martial law.
The analysis of the state of higher education governance has revealed a number of problems faced by the higher education system that require immediate management decisions. These include: low level of residual funding of education, destruction of educational infrastructure and relocation of educational institutions to safe regions, outflow of academic staff, students and potential applicants abroad, almost no autonomy of higher education institutions.
The author outlines the directions of further search for managerial decisions at the state level in the field of higher education during the period of martial law: development of interaction between the state, business, and the public in the field of education and science; improvement of quality through the creation of new educational programmes, enhancement of the role of the practical component of training with the involvement of business enterprises; increase of the prestige of the profession of a higher education teacher by increasing the salary to a competitive level, and the possibility of participation of teachers in international internship programmes for lawyers.
WAR AND ITS IMPACT ON EUROPEAN INTEGRATION. A WORLDVIEW CHALLENGE
Authors: OSTAPIAK Vasyl , SERDYNSKYI Sergiy
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the war's impact on political, economic, social and international aspects of Ukraine's development. The author examines how the war with the Russian Federation has become both a tragedy and a catalyst for changes that determine the country's future. Russia's aggression has raised the issues of national security, strengthening the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and strategic partnership with international organizations such as NATO and the European Union. The text describes in detail the role of the war in shaping Ukraine's European identity, strengthening national solidarity, and changing the country's geopolitical status. Particular attention is paid to Ukraine's obtaining the status of a candidate for EU membership, which became a historic event and determined a new vector of its development. The author substantiates the importance of this status for reforms in the areas of the judiciary, anti-corruption, energy policy, and digitalization.
The article highlights the economic consequences of the war, including the destruction of infrastructure, loss of industrial potential, and reorientation to European and Asian markets. At the same time, it is emphasized that the war stimulated integration into the European market, the conclusion of the Association Agreement with the EU, and the creation of conditions for the modernization of key sectors of the economy, including renewable energy, digitalization, and sustainable agriculture. The text also analyzes the social dimension of the war, including the issues of internally displaced persons, psychological trauma, and the integration of Ukrainians into the European social environment. It emphasizes the importance of cultural diplomacy, which strengthens Ukraine's international image and contributes to shaping its role as an active member of the European and global community.
The war is presented as a global challenge that has implications for the entire international system. It describes how the Ukrainian experience can serve as a model for other countries in the struggle for freedom, democracy and security. The text emphasizes that Ukraine's integration into the European Union is strategically important not only for the country, but also for the stability of the whole of Europe. Due to its geographical location, resource potential, and scientific and technological achievements, Ukraine has every chance to become a key player in shaping the new architecture of international relations. The text concludes with a call for continued reforms, consolidation of political will and strategic thinking as the main conditions for Ukraine's successful integration into the EU. This reflects both the complexity of the challenges and the uniqueness of the opportunities that have opened up for the country in the context of its struggle for freedom and democratic values.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBANISED AREAS
Authors: PROKIPCHUK Artur
Published: February 2025

The article highlights the issues of European and Asian experience in the development of urbanized areas. The aim of the article is to rethink the mutual influence of urbanization and state policy of territorial development, to analyze the existing experience of its formation, and to analyze public administration tools.
It examines current trends in urbanization, the benefits and challenges it brings. It focuses on the driving forces of urbanization, which include exogenous factors such as demographic change and economic change, and endogenous factors such as infrastructure development, finance and spatial planning.
The author analyzes the regulatory and legal framework of urbanization policy in the European Union, highlights the main provisions of the European Urban Development Initiative and the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) Project.
Particular attention is paid to the processes of urbanization in Asian countries. In Asian megacities, peripheral areas of urbanization have expanded beyond their previous scale and have spread into villages and towns. Growth has been quite rapid over the past few decades, causing the transformation of large areas around cities from rural areas into cities, which leads to uncontrolled development of urban regions, housing shortages and jobs. Urbanization and growth of metropolitan regions in Asia, while demonstrating some characteristics of Western urbanization, also has features unique to Asian countries.
It was concluded that the use of foreign experience in Ukraine requires appropriate adaptation, taking into account national and regional characteristics. In this case, the European Urban Charter and the UN list of Sustainable Development Goals should be adhered to, in particular, the achievement of Goal 11 «Sustainable development of cities and communities».
STATE SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY IN UKRAINE
Authors: FILIPPOVA Viktoriia , STELMASHENKO Yurii
Published: February 2025

The article provides a theoretical analysis of state support for the development of alternative energy in Ukraine at the current stage. A number of legislative initiatives aimed at supporting the alternative energy sector during martial law are analyzed, and several key directions demonstrating positive dynamics in this sector are highlighted. The necessity of introducing new mechanisms of state support for alternative energy is substantiated, including the transition from the «green tariff» to the feed-in premium mechanism and the implementation of a self-generation system for active consumers. Key directions of international cooperation are revealed, particularly through collaboration with transnational development banks and international financial organizations for risk insurance and project financing. Priority tasks of state regulation are identified, including stimulating investments, creating a transparent legislative framework, simplifying administrative procedures, and ensuring effective coordination between various levels of governance to integrate alternative energy sources into a unified national energy system.
Linguistic Adaptation And Socio-Religious Identity: The Expansion of Religious Vocabulary in the Ambonese Malay Language
Authors: Rumalean Oleh Iwan
Published: February 2025

This research examines the expansion of religious vocabulary in Ambon Malay from a socio-dialectological perspective. This research aims to understand how variations in religious vocabulary reflect the social, cultural, and religious identity of the Ambon people. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a historical-comparative analysis method, data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and literature documentation. The results showed that the expansion of Ambon Malay vocabulary involved phonological, morphological, and semantic adaptation processes, influenced by Arabic, Portuguese, and Dutch. Religious vocabulary variations were found to be significant in reflecting cross-religious differences, such as the use of the terms "God," "sambayang," and "sombayang." This study provides new insights into language dynamics in multicultural societies, enriching the linguistic and socio dialectological literature.
Stakeholders’ Contribution to the Cotabato Historical Conflict: Experiences and Perspectives on Conflict
Authors: Mallo Erwin
Published: February 2025

Understanding stakeholders' contributions to the Cotabato historical conflict has agreeable benefits for the community, especially for human security. Stakeholders were the primary actors in times of conflict. This study employed phenomenological research design to capture stakeholders' experiences about their contributions in pre- and post-conflict scenarios. Results show promising initiatives on how the inter-agency collaborative efforts stabilize and maintain the safety among the people. The historical conflicts in Cotabato come in series, massive displacement and attacks. Cultural stereotyping and misunderstanding became the dividing factors that caused the conflict to last so long. The late 1960s to 2000s were the years when the province suffered from economic losses and failure, unstable living conditions, starvation, and discrimination brought by different parties involved between GRP vs. Blackshirt; this war was between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Moro people who inhabited the Province of Cotabato that called themselves as Blackshirt, GRP vs. NPA; this war was between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the New Peoples' Army who fought for reform the government; GRP and a group of Umbrakato and ILAGA vs. Moro; the Ilonggo Land Grabbers Association was headed by Umbrakato who fought against the Moro and maintained alliance with the Philippine government. However, LGU, military, and barangay officials' commitment to normalizing the situation was the highest support. As a result, people return home confident in a peaceful situation and hoping for peace. Another striking initiative was headed by LGUs, NGOs, and religious groups to health care facilities and food. A community-based program like Duyog Ramadhan helped increase community awareness and encourage cooperation. On the other hand, establishing military camps and observatory units to identify conflicted areas improves human security. This study, therefore, provides a meaningful reference to how, in conflict situations, stakeholders can improve areas where human security is challenged.
Estudio De La Cultura Organizacional En La Universidad Técnica De Cotopaxi
Authors: Del Pozo Díaz David Alejandro , Romero Poveda Angelita Elizabeth , Tinajero Jiménez Marlon
Published: February 2025

Este estudio aborda la pregunta de investigación: ¿Cómo fortalecer la cultura organizacional de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC)? y tiene como objetivo analizar los elementos clave que conforman la cultura organizacional de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi para el fortalecimiento del desempeño individual. A través de un enfoque cualitativo, se identificaron los valores, creencias y prácticas predominantes que configuran la cultura institucional, utilizando herramientas como encuestas, grupos focales y entrevistas en profundidad. Los hallazgos muestran que la UTC se caracteriza por una cultura tipo Clan, centrada en las relaciones humanas y la cohesión interna, pero enfrenta desafíos en términos de adaptabilidad e innovación frente a un entorno competitivo. El alcance de este estudio incluye la identificación de oportunidades para incorporar elementos de culturas adaptativas como la Adhocracia. Las unidades de significancia encontradas en los elementos de la Cultura Organizacional son: Universidad vinculada a los sectores sociales, Universidad humanista, Comunicación directa, Promotores de comunicación, Actualización normativa, Inducción a las normativas, Sentido de pertenencia, Involucramiento, Historia institucional, Respeto, Innovación. Este enfoque integral contribuye a una gestión sostenible y a la consolidación de una cultura alineada con los retos actuales del entorno educativo.
Eficiencia y eficacia del gasto público en una unidad ejecutora regional de Cajamarca, 2022
Authors: Leon Angulo Enrique Eduardo
Published: February 2025

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la eficiencia y eficacia del gasto público en una unidad ejecutora regional de Cajamarca, 2022. El tipo de investigación es aplicada, diseño de investigación no experimental. La población estuvo conformada por 35 servidores y la muestra estuvo conformada por 32 servidores involucrados en la ejecución del gasto. Se utilizó la encuesta como técnica y el instrumento fue un cuestionario. Los resultados muestran que existe eficiencia y eficacia del gasto público, donde el 47 % de los servidores públicos mencionan que la eficiencia de gasto público es de nivel regular; así mismo el 44 % de los servidores públicos mencionan que la eficacia de gasto público es de nivel regular.  Además, se logró programar un 74 % en Programas Presupuestales, se obtuvo una ejecución presupuestaria del gasto del 69 %, el costo de inversión de los proyectos han sufriendo una variación promedio del 124 %, se obtuvo un avance financiero y físico de las inversiones del 85 %  y 88 % y se han cumplido las acciones estratégicas institucionales (AEI) en un 69 %. Por lo tanto, se concluye que en la medida que mejor se programe, ejecute y evalúe los recursos públicos, más eficiente y eficaz será el gasto público.
La situación y el debate sobre la previsión social complementaria en España
Authors:   Montepio Loreto MPS. Madrid, Aramburu Jon , Canals Antoni ,   Pensions Caixa 30 FP. Barcelona
Published: February 2025

El artículo se realiza en el marco de la reflexión abierta en España sobre la situación y desarrollo de la previsión complementaria (PSC). Los autores justifican que la PSC debe llegar también a los niveles medios de renta a la vista de la evolución de la Seguridad Social. Esta extensión sólo se puede realizar a través de la PSC de empresa que, además, es la que es eficiente para generar aportaciones y prestaciones suficientes. El artículo también expone reflexiones internacionales similares. Finalmente se analizan los beneficios y los costes económicos y fiscales para las empresas y la Hacienda Pública de la generalización de la PSC.
How to Increase Coverage. The Main Challenge for Pensions
Authors:   Federación Europea de Sistemas de Pensiones, Leppälä Matti
Published: February 2025

The ageing of the population in the economically more developed countries poses great challenges for the adequacy and sustainability of pension systems. Public, mainly pay-as-yougo social security pensions will not provide for an adequate retirement income in the future. One solution is to increase pension savings with coverage supplementary pensions. Occupational pensions have a wider coverage than personal pensions because of its often compulsion based on legislation or quasi-mandatory based on collective agreements. A new phenomenon is softer compulsion with auto-enrolment, which is increasingly used with good results in countries where making pensions mandatory is not a policy option. In general, more workplace pensions are needed but many countries in Europe have instead opted for policy measures that do not support supplementary retirement savings.
Hoja de ruta para mejorar el diseño de los planes de pensiones de aportación definida
Authors:   OCDE, Antolín Pablo
Published: February 2025

Durante el periodo de actividad laboral la persona destina al ahorro cierta proporción de los ingresos obtenidos del trabajo. En los planes de pensiones de aportación definida (AD) este dinero es invertido en diferentes activos de acuerdo con ciertas estrategias de inversión y rentabilidades. Una vez alcanzada la jubilación, el patrimonio acumulado debe ser destinado a proporcionar un ingreso para así financiar la jubilación. Este artículo recoge el estudio de la OCDE sobre los planes de pensiones de AD y presenta las distintas opciones que tienen los legisladores para mejorar su diseño y garantizar la suficiencia de los ingresos en la etapa de jubilación.
Gestión empresarial y dinámica laboral en España
Authors:   Universitat de València, Banyuls Llopis Josep , Recio Andreu Albert ,   Universitat Auntonoma de Barcelona
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del presente artículo es plantear una serie de reflexiones sobre la dinámica laboral reciente en la economía española bajo el enfoque analítico de la segmentación laboral. Desde esta perspectiva, la situación y problemas del mercado laboral se explican por un conjunto de factores relacionados con las prácticas de gestión empresarial y no tanto por la regulación que limita la competencia en el mercado o las modalidades contractuales. Nuestra conclusión es que es necesario superar el marco analítico restringido del enfoque económico convencional e introducir otras dimensiones, que van más allá del mercado, para una mejor compresión de los problemas laborales. En este sentido, son aspectos clave la consideración de la estructura productiva, las estrategias empresariales y el marco institucional en el cual se desarrolla la actividad.
Objetivos y medidas en la lucha contra el fraude fiscal desde una perspectiva internacional
Authors:   Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria, Carbajo Vasco Domingo
Published: February 2025

El autor expone una visión moderna tanto del fraude fiscal en cualquiera de sus manifestaciones como de la naturaleza del mismo, en un contexto de ajustes presupuestarios, señalando que, actualmente, el fraude fiscal internacional sólo puede combatirse mediante la acción coordinada de autoridades del mismo orden, por ejemplo, la OCDE y que, en el plano puramente doméstico, es un grave error contemplar el fraude como un fenómeno puramente fiscal, de impacto recaudatorio. Por el contrario, la acción contra el fraude necesita la cooperación internacional y la instauración en España de un Plan Integral, a largo plazo, que contemple tal acción de manera coordinada contra otros fenómenos antisociales e integre diferentes medidas: educativas, normativas, de organización, etc.
El papel redistributivo del sistema fiscal: presente y futuro
Authors:   FEDEA, Onrubia Fernández Jorge , Rodado Ruiz María del Carmen ,   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se valora el papel redistributivo de los sistemas fiscales, reflexionando acerca de su reforzamiento para corregir la creciente desigualdad de la renta a la que se enfrentan las sociedades avanzadas, especialmente, España. Primero se revisa el papel actual que la teoría de la Hacienda Pública otorga a la redistribución impositiva. Desde un plano empírico, se analiza cuál ha sido entre 2009 y 2011 la capacidad redistributiva de las figuras fiscales que inciden directamente sobre los hogares españoles (IVA, Impuestos especiales, Cotizaciones sociales e IRPF), concluyendo que solo el IRPF ha contribuido a reducir la desigualdad de su renta bruta, mostrando el resto de figuras un comportamiento moderadamente regresivo. Por último, se analiza la evolución de la progresividad global y la redistribución del IRPF español de 1979 a 2011, a la luz de sus diferentes reformas.
La integración de impuestos y prestaciones: el uso de subsidios salariales en la experiencia internacional. Lecciones para España
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza, Rodrigo Sauco Fernando
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo ofrece una descripción de los denominados subsidios salariales (work-in benefits) con especial atención a los vigentes, desde hace varias décadas, en la experiencia anglosajona. Por medio de una revisión detallada, tanto de la literatura económica evaluadora de sus efectos económicos, como de las prestaciones españolas de carácter asistencial y de los beneficios fiscales del IRPF que actualmente se dirigen específicamente al colectivo de trabajadores, llevamos a cabo una primera valoración de las posibilidades de una implantación, hasta ahora inédita, de este tipo de ayudas dirigidas a los hogares con ingresos laborales reducidos. Planteamos un conjunto de factores que, a priori, pueden condicionar su diseño regulatorio, su gestión efectiva, y su coste presupuestario. Finalmente, detallamos algunas posibles fuentes de financiación de estas nuevas ayudas públicas.
El fraude fiscal en la CAPV. Cuantificación, efectos y medidas para reducirlo
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Serna Blanco Lourdes , Vallejo Escudero Mercedes ,   Universidad del País Vasco, Zubiri Ignacio ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

El fraude fiscal se considera un problema esencial tanto desde la perspectiva de los ingresos públicos como de la capacidad recaudatoria del sistema fiscal, y quizá, más importante desde la perspectiva de la equidad y la legitimidad del sector público para exigir el pago de impuestos a los contribuyentes honrados. Aunque no hay mediciones precisas del fraude en la CAPV, los indicadores disponibles sugieren que puede estar en un entorno del 20%, similar al del Estado. La población de la CAPV, considera que el nivel de fraude es muy elevado y que las aciendas tributarias no hacen demasiado por reducirlo. Es evidente que la lucha contra el fraude debe ser un objetivo prioritario de cualquier administración tributaria, aunque sea un ejercicio costoso, y es probable que únicamente produzca ingresos en el medio y largo plazo. Pero que los resultados puedan no ser inmediatos no reduce la importancia de la lucha contra el fraude porque produce ganancias de equidad y antes o después producirá mejoras recaudatorias. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la situación del fraude fiscal en la CAPV y las medidas que se deberían tomar para reducirlo.