bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of a LiNi0.5Mn0.4Ti0.03Mg0.03Nb0.01Mo0.03O2 cathode for low-cost long-life lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Qiu Kangwen , Bai Liuyang , Song Jun , Ouyang Yuge , Cheng Jinbing , Luo Yongsong
Published: April 2023

In this work, a low-cost Co-free LiNi0.5Mn0.4Ti0.03Mg0.03Nb0.01Mo0.03O2 (NCM504) cathode was synthesized by a complex concentrated doping strategy with excellent structural stability for long-life lithium-ion batteries.
Multiscale QM/MM modelling of catalytic systems with ChemShell
Authors: Lu You , Sen Kakali , Yong Chin , Gunn David S. D. , Purton John A. , Guan Jingcheng , Desmoutier Alec , Abdul Nasir Jamal , Zhang Xingfan , Zhu Lei , Hou Qing , Jackson-Masters Joe , Watts Sam , Hanson Rowan , Thomas Harry N. , Jayawardena Omal , Logsdail Andrew J. , Woodley Scott M. , Senn Hans M. , Sherwood Paul , Catlow C. Richard A. , Sokol Alexey A. , Keal Thomas W.
Published: April 2023

We present an overview of recent developments in the computational chemistry environment ChemShell for multiscale QM/MM modelling of biomolecular and materials catalysts, together with a survey of recent catalysis applications using ChemShell.
Syntheses, structures, photoelectric properties and photocatalysis of iodobismuthate hybrids with lanthanide complex cations
Authors: Zhang Jiahua , Yang Xiao , Ren Taohong , Jia Dingxian
Published: April 2023

Iodobismuthate hybrids [Ln(DMF)8][Bi2I9] (Ln = La (1), Eu (2)) and [Tb(DMF)8]2[Bi2I9]2 (3) were prepared using Ln(iii) complexes as SDAs. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibit high photocurrent density and effective catalytic activity in the photodegradation of CV and RhB.
Secondary hierarchical complexity in double-stranded cluster helicates covered by NNNNN type pincer ligands
Authors: Xiao Wang-Chuan , Nie Qing-Bin , Luo Geng-Geng
Published: April 2023

We report a subnanometric chiral silver cluster double-stranded helicate covered by new NNNNN-type pincer ligands and its hierarchical self-assemblies toward mimicking secondary structures of proteins.
Robust ionic liquid/ethanolamine-superbase solvents enable rapid, efficient and mild dissolution of lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Wang Yang , Wang Huan , Chen Lan , Wang Weitao , Yang Zhaohui , Xue Zhimin , Mu Tiancheng
Published: April 2023

Ethanolamine-organic superbase solvents modulate the capacity of formation of hydrogen-bonding and microstructure of ionic liquids to efficiently dissolve lignocellulose.
A new double spike method for the determination of mass-dependent Te isotope compositions of meteorites and terrestrial materials by MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Morton Elin M. , Kreissig Katharina , Coles Barry J. , Jaffe Caris S. , Martins Rayssa , Poole Graeme M. , Rehkämper Mark
Published: April 2023

Development and validation of a new precise method for measuring mass-dependent Te isotope composition of meteorites and terrestrial samples using the double spike technique and MC-ICP-MS.
Raman enhancement in bowtie-shaped aperture-particle hybrid nanostructures fabricated with DNA-assisted lithography
Authors: Kabusure Kabusure M. , Piskunen Petteri , Yang Jiaqi , Linko Veikko , Hakala Tommi K.
Published: April 2023

Hybrid particle-aperture nanostructures fabricated with DNA-assisted lithography serve as efficient SERS substrates with auxiliary benefits for optical measurements.
Aryl sulfonyl fluoride synthesisviapalladium-catalyzed fluorosulfonylation of aryl thianthrenium salts
Authors: Shan Lingling , Ma Zhanhu , Ou Caiyun , Cai Yinxia , Ma Yuyang , Guo Yong , Ma Xiaoyu , Liu Chao
Published: April 2023

A palladium-catalyzed fluorosulfonylation reaction of aryl thianthrenium salts was developed to efficiently produce diverse aryl sulfonyl fluorides in moderate to good yieldsviaa radical sulfur dioxide insertion and fluorination strategy.
Solid-state red-emissive (cyano)vinylene heteroaromatics via Pd-catalysed C–H homocoupling
Authors: Nipate Atul B. , Rajeswara Rao M.
Published: April 2023

Developed thiophene/furan-based vinylene and cyanovinylene systems via Pd-catalysed homocoupling which exhibit strong solid state red fluorescence.
Promotion of the second-order nonlinear optical effect by introducing ether linkage into polymer main chains
Authors: Wang Kai , Deng Xiaocong , Li Qianqian , Li Zhen
Published: April 2023

The lower rotational barrier of ether bond than that of single carbon–carbon one resulted in enhanced d33 values from 94 to 166 pm V−1, providing a new strategy for adjustment of molecular alignment of nonlinear optical polymers under electric field.
Redox-switchable bistable nickel corrole
Authors: Gao Hu , Wu Fan , Zhao Yue , Yang Xianli , Shen Zhen
Published: April 2023

We report a nickel(ii) 17π neutral corrole radical with degenerate SOMO–HOMO energy levels and its unique 16π antiaromatic diradicaloid cation. The 16/17π species are reversibly switchable and both exhibit excellent air stability.
Artemeriopolides A–D, two types of sesquiterpenoid dimers with rare carbon skeletons from Artemisia eriopoda and their antihepatoma cytotoxicity
Authors: He Xiao-Feng , Li Qi-Hao , Li Tian-Ze , Ma Yun-Bao , Dong Wei , Yang Ke-Xin , Geng Chang-An , Zhang Hao-Wei , Wang Yuan , Chen Ji-Jun
Published: April 2023

Artemeriopolides A–D (1–4), four novel cadinane sesquiterpenoid dimers featuring the rare 2-oxaspiro[4.6]undecan-1,7-dione, 2-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one, and 2-oxaspiro[5.5]undecan-1-one ring systems, were isolated from Artemisia eriopoda.
Synthesis of 2-pyrrolidinone derivativesviaN-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed radical tandem cyclization/coupling reactions
Authors: Yin Huiping , Huang Tianjiao , Shi Bai , Cao Wei , Yu Chenxia , Li Tuanjie , Zhang Kai , Yao Changsheng
Published: April 2023

Herein, a practical, convenient and facile construction of highly functionalized 2-pyrrolidinone enabled by N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-catalyzed radical tandem cyclization has been developed.
Synthesis and photoluminescent characterization of ceramic phosphors Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Pr3+ or Tm3+) under different excitation wavelengths
Authors: Bednarska-Adam Nikola , Pisarska Joanna , Kuwik Marta , Goryczka Tomasz , Zubko Maciej , Pisarski Wojciech A.
Published: April 2023

Luminescence properties of Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Pr, Tm) depend significantly on the excitation wavelengths. Several emission bands are observed, which can be assigned to ceramic matrix and characteristic transitions of Pr3+ and Tm3+ ions.
Asymmetric rhodium-catalyzed click cycloaddition to access C–N axially chiralN-triazolyl indoles
Authors: Zhou Li , Li Yankun , Li Shunian , Shi Zhenwei , Zhang Xue , Tung Chen-Ho , Xu Zhenghu
Published: April 2023

A new asymmetric Rh-catalyzed click cycloaddition ofN-alkynylindoles with azides has been developed, providing an atroposelective access to C–N axial chiral indolyl triazoles, a new heterobiaryl structure, with excellent yields and enantioselectivity.
Efficient and stable full-printed mesoscopic perovskite solar cells with potassium hexafluorophosphate additives
Authors: Wang Longbo , Xiong Jian , Wang Dongjie , Chen Yiwen , Zhang Yang , Wu Chenshu , Zhang Zheling , Wang Jing , Huang Yu , Zhang Jian
Published: April 2023

Full-printed mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (MPSCs) have great potential in commercial applications because of their screen-printing process and excellent stability; however, the defect and filling issues in MPSCs still limit device performance.
A 3D hierarchical porous adsorbent constructed by cryo-polymerization for ultrafast uranium harvesting from seawater
Authors: Li Dagang , Liao Yaozu , Chen Zheng , Chang Xixin , Zhang Xu , Chen Chongcheng , Cui Chang , Zhang Zilei , Muhire Constantin , Tang Weiwu , Zhang Dongxiang , Li Jinying , Xu Xiyan
Published: April 2023

Inspired by the folding of animal small intestines, a continuous 3D hierarchical porous uranium adsorbent was synthesized by one-step cryo-polymerization to achieve antibacterial and efficient uranium extraction from seawater.
Versatile robust organogels based on a low molecular weight gelator of phenylquinolinylacrylonitrile
Authors: Liu Cheng , Ye Kaiqi , Xiao Huan , Yue Yuan , Sun Jingbo , Lu Ran
Published: April 2023

A versatile organogel based on phenylquinolinylacrylonitrile derivatives was prepared, and exhibited high mechanical strength as well as thermo-, photo-, and acid vapor stimuli responsive properties.
75 kbit printed indium oxide (IO)/indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) heterojunction photoelectric synaptic transistor arrays for an artificial visual memory system
Authors: Shao Shuangshuang , Wang Suyun , Li Min , Xie Tanghao , Fang Yuxiao , Guo Penghui , Chen Zhaofeng , Zhao Jianwen
Published: April 2023

A printing technology was developed to construct 75 kbit IO/IGZO heterojunction photoelectric synaptic transistor arrays for an artificial visual memory system.
Lithiation/delithiation of silicon heavily doped with boron synthesized using the Czochralski process
Authors: Shimizu Masahiro , Kimoto Kohei , Kikuchi Ayaka , Taishi Toshinori , Arai Susumu
Published: April 2023

The effects of B doping and its impurity concentration (1600, 4700, and 12400 ppm) on the electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of Si were examined using single crystals synthesized by the Czochralski method.
Genotoxic effects of the major alkylation damage N7-methylguanine and methyl formamidopyrimidine
Authors: Schmaltz Lillian F. , Koag Myong-Chul , Kou Yi , Zhang Louis , Lee Seongmin
Published: April 2023

Various alkylating agents are known to preferentially modify guanine in DNA, resulting in the formation of N7-alkylguanine (N7-alkylG) and the imidazole ring opened alkyl-formamidopyrimidine (alkyl-FapyG) lesions. Evaluating the mutagenic effects of N7-alkylG has been challenging due to the instability of the positively charged N7-alkylG. To address this issue, we developed a 2′-fluorine-mediated transition-state destabilization approach, which stabilizes N7-alkylG and prevents spontaneous depurination. We also developed a postsynthetic conversion of 2′-F-N7-alkylG DNA into 2′-F-alkyl-FapyG DNA. Using these methods, we incorporated site-specific N7-methylG and methyl-FapyG into pSP189 plasmid and determined their mutagenic properties in bacterial cells using the supF-based colony screening assay. The mutation frequency of N7-methylG was found to be less than 0.5%. Our crystal structure analysis revealed that N7-methylation did not significantly alter base pairing properties, as evidenced by a correct base pairing between 2′-F-N7-methylG and dCTP in Dpo4 polymerase catalytic site. In contrast, the mutation frequency of methyl-FapyG was 6.3%, highlighting the mutagenic nature of this secondary lesion. Interestingly, all mutations arising from methyl-FapyG in the 5′-GGT(methyl-FapyG)G-3′ context were single nucleotide deletions at the 5′-G of the lesion. Overall, our results demonstrate that 2′-fluorination technology is a useful tool for studying the chemically labile N7-alkylG and alkyl-FapyG lesions.
The Association Between Atypical Speech Development and Adolescent Self-Harm
Authors: McAllister Jan , Skinner Jane , Hayhow Rosemarie , Heron Jon , Wren Yvonne
Published: April 2023

Background:

Adolescent self-harm is a major public health issue internationally. Various factors associated with adolescent self-harm have been identified, including being bullied and experiencing mental health problems. Stuttering and speech sound disorder are associated with both of these factors. It was hypothesized that both stuttering and speech sound disorder would be associated with self-harm. This is the first study to explore the relationship between communication disorders and adolescent self-harm.

Method:

Secondary analysis of a large, longitudinal, prospective, community sample, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, was carried out. Clinicians identified children who stuttered or exhibited speech sound disorder at the age of 8 years. When the cohort members were 16 years old, they were asked to complete a questionnaire about self-harm. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the associations between stuttering and speech sound disorder and the self-harm outcomes, adjusting for other relevant factors.

Results:

Of 3,824 participants with data for both speech status and self-harm, 94 (2.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI; 2.0, 3.0]) stuttered at 8 years of age and 127 (3.3%; 95% CI [2.8, 3.9]) displayed speech sound disorder. Speech sound disorder at the age of 8 years was associated with self-harm with suicidal intent in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Differences between the adjusted and unadjusted models were small, suggesting that speech sound disorder is largely an independent risk factor for self-harm with suicidal intent. Stuttering at the age of 8 years was not associated with adolescent self-harm, and there was no association between speech sound disorder and self-harm without suicidal intent.

Conclusion:

Compared with individuals without speech sound disorder, adolescents with speech sound disorder at the age of 8 years have twice the risk of reporting self-harm with suicidal intent, even when other important predictors are taken into account.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22573030
MMSCM: A multiple mobile sinks coverage maximization based hierarchical routing protocol for mobile wireless sensor networks
Authors: Liu Chun , Guo Liping
Published: April 2023

Mobile wireless sensor network (MWSN) adapts to the requirements of mobility of civil and military network devices and has received a lot of attention. Designing an efficient, low‐energy, and fault‐tolerant routing protocol for the frequently changing topology of highly mobile MWSNs is challenging. Most routing protocols today only support the movement of sensor nodes or only sink. This paper proposes a Multiple Mobile Sinks Coverage Maximization based hierarchical routing protocol for mobile wireless sensor networks (MMSCM), which allows sensor nodes and sinks to move simultaneously. The MMSCM divides the monitoring area into virtual grids and deploys a movable sink in each grid cell. Sink selects the appropriate next hop for each cluster head in the area to build an optimal routing forest and collects data from all routing tree root nodes at a uniform speed along the specified path with maximum coverage. Simulation results show that, compared with current advanced routing algorithms, the MMSCM protocol can better solve the network delay problem and improve data throughput while extending the network life cycle, which is more suitable for time‐sensitive application scenarios.
Variational mode decomposition enabled temporal convolutional network model for state of charge estimation
Authors: Zhang Zhaocheng , Cai Tao , Yuan Aote
Published: April 2023

Due to the fast growth of electric vehicles (EVs) , estimation for Battery's State‐of‐charge (SOC) received significant research interests. The reason is that an accurate SOC estimation can significantly contribute to the reliability of EVs. A Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) technique enabled Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) model is proposed by the authors for SOC estimation. The proposed method first adopts time‐frequency analysis techniques to decompose voltage values into different frequency domains, each of which is analysed with the VMD technique to obtain its features as the input for the TCN model. Then, the proposed method combines outputs of different frequency domains with an attention module as the final output of the TCN model. Experiments on real battery datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods by 7.2% in mean absolute error and 6.13% in root mean square error. In addition, the error between the estimated and actual values using the proposed method is bounded by 2%.
Stability analysis of DFIG controlled by hybrid synchronization mode and its improved control strategy under weak grid
Authors: Xie Zhen , Li Mengjie , Yang Shuying , Zhang Xing
Published: April 2023

In order to improve the stability of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind turbines under weak grid, previous works have proposed the power synchronization control strategy in the rotor side converter (RSC). However, the potential instability risk of dc‐link voltage control in the grid side converter (GSC) has been neglected. Here, DFIG with power synchronization and phase‐locked synchronization for RSC and GSC respectively, is called as hybrid synchronization mode (HSM)‐controlled DFIG and, the full‐order state space model of HSM‐controlled DFIG are established. Eigenvalue and participation factor analysis shows that the HSM‐controlled DFIG is unstable under extremely weak grid due to the interaction of phase‐locked loop (PLL) and current‐loop in GSC. Furthermore, dominant pole analysis indicates that the HSM‐controlled DFIG exhibits weak damping at the AC side in strong grid. To enhance the stability of HSM‐controlled DFIG under extremely weak grid, an improved hybrid synchronization control strategy is proposed. The improved control strategy utilizes active power and dc‐link voltage to achieve PLL‐free operation of DFIG. The effects of the parameters in dc‐link voltage synchronous loop on control bandwidth, system stability and dynamic coupling are analysed. Finally, the validity of the theoretical analysis is investigated with experiments based on 2MW control‐hardware‐in‐loop platform.
Mass measurements and 3D orbital geometry of PSR J1933–6211
Authors: Geyer M. , Venkatraman Krishnan V. , Freire P. C. C. , Kramer M. , Antoniadis J. , Bailes M. , Bernadich M. C. i , Buchner S. , Cameron A. D. , Champion D. J. , Karastergiou A. , Keith M. J. , Lower M. E. , Osłowski S. , Possenti A. , Parthasarathy A. , Reardon D. J. , Serylak M. , Shannon R. M. , Spiewak R. , van Straten W. , Verbiest J. P. W.
Published: April 2023

PSR J1933−6211 is a pulsar with a spin period of 3.5 ms in a 12.8 d nearly circular orbit with a white dwarf companion. Its high proper motion and low dispersion measure result in such significant interstellar scintillation that detections with a high signal-to-noise ratio have required long observing durations or fortuitous timing. In this work, we turn to the sensitive MeerKAT telescope, and combined with historic Parkes data, are able to leverage the kinematic and relativistic effects of PSR J1933−6211 to constrain its 3D orbital geometry and the component masses. We obtain a precise proper motion magnitude of 12.42 (3) mas yr−1 and a parallax of 1.0 (3) mas, and we also measure their effects as secular changes in the Keplerian parameters of the orbit: a variation in the orbital period of 7 (1)×10−13 s s−1 and a change in the projected semi-major axis of 1.60 (5)×10−14 s s−1. A self-consistent analysis of all kinematic and relativistic effects yields a distance to the pulsar of $ 1.6^{+0.2}_{-0.3} $ kpc, an orbital inclination, i = 55 (1) deg, and a longitude of the ascending node, $ \Omega = 255^{+8}_{-14} $ deg. The probability densities for Ω and i and their symmetric counterparts, 180 − i and 360 − Ω, are seen to depend on the chosen fiducial orbit used to measure the time of passage of periastron (T0). We investigate this unexpected dependence and rule out software-related causes using simulations. Nevertheless, we constrain the masses of the pulsar and its companion to be $ 1.4^{+0.3}_{-0.2}\,M_\odot $ and 0.43 (5) M⊙, respectively. These results strongly disfavour a helium-dominated composition for the white dwarf companion. The similarity in the spin, orbital parameters, and companion masses of PSRs J1933−6211 and J1614−2230 suggests that these systems underwent case A Roche-lobe overflow, an extended evolutionary process that occurs while the companion star is still on the main sequence. However, PSR J1933−6211 has not accreted significant matter: its mass is still at ∼1.4 M⊙. This highlights the low accretion efficiency of the spin-up process and suggests that observed neutron star masses are mostly a result of supernova physics, with minimum influence of subsequent binary evolution.
Linearly modulated multi-focal diffractive lens for multi-sheet excitation of flow driven samples in a light-sheet fluorescence microscope
Authors: Hofmann Meike , Gharbi Ghebjagh Shima , Feng Yuchao , Fan Chao , Lemke Karen , Sinzinger Stefan
Published: April 2023

Light sheet fluorescence microscope with single light sheet illumination enables rapid 3D imaging of living cells. In this paper we show the design, fabrication and characterization of a diffractive optical element producing several light sheets along a 45° inclined tube. The element, which is based on a multi-focal diffractive lens and a linear grating, generates five thin light sheets with equal intensities when combined with a refractive cylindrical lens. The generated uniform light sheets can be applied for the scanning of samples in tubes enabling flow-driven 3-dimensional imaging.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy devices and the European Union Medical Device Regulation: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement
Authors: Bretthauer Michael , Mori Yuichi , Zessner-Spitzenberg Jasmin , Kaminski Michal F. , Siersema Peter D. , Ponchon Thierry , Messmann Helmut , Gralnek Ian M. , Bisschops Raf , Hassan Cesare
Published: April 2023

Gastrointestinal endoscopy is largely dependent on medical devices. The European Union (EU) has recently introduced stricter rules and regulations for the approval of medical devices. This has consequences both for endoscopists and for patients.

The new regulations increase the need for clinical trials and observational studies for new and current devices used in endoscopy to ensure clinical benefit and reduce patient harm. European endoscopy environments should facilitate industry-sponsored clinical trials and registry studies to meet the demand for robust data on endoscopic devices as required in the new legislation. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) will play an active role in the establishment of the new system.

The EU is establishing independent expert panels for device regulation in gastroenterology and hepatology, including endoscopy, that are charged with assessing the requirements for device testing. The ESGE encourages endoscopists with expertise in the technical and clinical performance of endoscopy devices to apply for expert panel membership. The ESGE has provided information for interested endoscopists on the ESGE website.

Private European companies called “notified bodies” are entitled to conduct device approval for the EU. The ESGE will actively engage with these notified bodies for topics related to the new endoscopy device approval process to ensure continued access to high quality endoscopy devices for endoscopists in Europe.
Artificial intelligence-based polyp size measurement in gastrointestinal endoscopy using the auxiliary waterjet as a reference
Authors: Sudarevic Boban , Sodmann Philipp , Kafetzis Ioannis , Troya Joel , Lux Thomas J. , Saßmannshausen Zita , Herlod Katja , Schmidt Stefan A. , Brand Markus , Schöttker Katrin , Zoller Wolfram G. , Meining Alexander , Hann Alexander
Published: April 2023

Background Measurement of colorectal polyp size during endoscopy is mainly performed visually. In this work, we propose a novel polyp size measurement system (Poseidon) based on artificial intelligence (AI) using the auxiliary waterjet as a measurement reference.

Methods Visual estimation, biopsy forceps-based estimation, and Poseidon were compared using a computed tomography colonography-based silicone model with 28 polyps of defined sizes. Four experienced gastroenterologists estimated polyp sizes visually and with biopsy forceps. Furthermore, the gastroenterologists recorded images of each polyp with the waterjet in proximity for the application of Poseidon. Additionally, Poseidon's measurements of 29 colorectal polyps during routine clinical practice were compared with visual estimates.

Results In the silicone model, visual estimation had the largest median percentage error of 25.1 % (95 %CI 19.1 %–30.4 %), followed by biopsy forceps-based estimation: median 20.0 % (95 %CI 14.4 %–25.6 %). Poseidon gave a significantly lower median percentage error of 7.4 % (95 %CI 5.0 %–9.4 %) compared with other methods. During routine colonoscopies, Poseidon presented a significantly lower median percentage error (7.7 %, 95 %CI 6.1 %–9.3 %) than visual estimation (22.1 %, 95 %CI 15.1 %–26.9 %).

Conclusion In this work, we present a novel AI-based method for measuring colorectal polyp size with significantly higher accuracy than other common sizing methods.
Correlation of Endoscopic Findings with Suspected Intestinal Endometriosis in the Distal Sigmoid and Rectum as Observed on Transrectal Ultrasonography
Authors: Pfuetzenreiter Vinicius , Loureiro Jarbas Faraco M. , Teixeira Carolina Viana , Rossini Lucio Giovanni Battista
Published: April 2023

Introduction Colonoscopy enables detailed endoscopic evaluation of the interior of the colon. Changes observed via colonoscopy may be subtle or pronounced and can sometimes mimic those of other diseases, such as deep intestinal endometriosis. The diagnosis of endometriosis in the distal sigmoid and rectum by colonoscopy has been described in previous case reports.

Objective We aimed to correlate the endoscopic changes found in the distal sigmoid and rectum with the presence of endometrial deposits confirmed by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS).

Methods We included 50 female patients referred to the endoscopy department at our institution for colonoscopy, rectosigmoidoscopy, or TRUS, who exhibited one or more symptoms associated with endometriosis.

Results The colonoscopic findings were normal in 36 patients but showed alterations in 14 patients. Among the latter, TRUS revealed involvement of the sigmoid and/or rectal wall in 11 patients.

Conclusions The endoscopic changes in the distal sigmoid or rectum described in this study were strongly associated with endometrial deposits confirmed using TRUS.
The Effect of Transvaginal Prolapse Surgery on Anorectal Function
Authors: Colbran Rachel E. , Warwick Andrea M. , Krause Hannah G. , Goh Judith T. , Gillespie Christopher J.
Published: April 2023

Objective Pelvic floor dysfunction can manifest as a spectrum including anorectal dysfunction, vaginal prolapse, and urinary incontinence. Sacrospinous fixation is a procedure performed by gynecologists to treat vaginal prolapse. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of transvaginal prolapse surgery on anorectal function.

Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients undergoing sacrospinous fixation surgery for vaginal prolapse between 2014 to 2020. Those with anorectal dysfunction who had also been evaluated by the colorectal service preoperatively and postoperatively were included for analysis. These patients were assessed with symptom-specific validated questionnaires. The effect of surgery on constipation and fecal incontinence symptoms was analyzed.

Results A total of 22 patients were included for analysis. All patients underwent transvaginal sacrospinous fixation, and 95.4% also had posterior colporrhaphy for vaginal prolapse. There were a statistically significant improvements in the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), the St. Mark's Incontinence Score (Vaizey), the embarrassment and lifestyle components of the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Score, the Constipation Scoring System, the Obstructed Defecation Score, and components of the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life score.

Conclusion Transvaginal prolapse surgery leads to a favorable effect on anorectal function, with improvements in both obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence scores in this small series.
Fecal Incontinence or Pelvic Organ Prolapse Among Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Fante Júlia Ferreira , Juliato Cássia Raquel Teatin , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira
Published: April 2023

Objectives To assess the status of the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) of premature ovarian insufficiency women (POI women) and the incidence of fecal incontinence (FI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Methods A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study with 150 women with POI was performed. Pelvic floor muscle assessment was performed with the PERFECT scale. The subscales POPDI-6 and CRADI-8 of the questionnaire Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20) were used for pelvic floor symptoms focused on FI and POP. Moreover, FI and POP were also assessed as dichotomous variables (yes/no).

Results Women with FI and POP did not present differences in the PFM assessment across P (p = 0.61), E (p = 0.78), R (p = 0.22), and F (p = 0.79) variables when compared with women with POI; no differences were also seen between women with and without POP according the pelvic muscles: P (p = 0.91), E (p = 0.99), R (p = 0.62), and F (p = 0.10). Women with FI and POP presented higher scores in all PFDI-20 subscales and total score when compared with the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions Pelvic floor muscle assessment within POI women with or without FI or POP did not differ. However, PF symptoms are more severe in the FI or POP groups.
Knotless Arthroscopic Dorsal Scapholunate Capsulodesis: A Simplified Technique
Authors: Kakar Sanjeev , Kalapos Robert
Published: April 2023

Background Partial dorsal tears of the scapholunate ligament are a common soft-tissue injury in the wrist. These injuries have been a challenging problem and have gone through evolutionary changes over time from different open to arthroscopic techniques.

Objectives This study describes a knotless arthroscopic dorsal scapholunate (SL) capsulodesis technique using both the radiocarpal and midcarpal joint portals, indicated for acute or chronic reducible scapholunate instability.

Methods Using arthroscopy, we pierce the dorsal capsule on both sides of the dorsal torn remains of the SL ligament with two 18-gauge needles, one loaded with a 2–0 suture and the other with a nitinol wire loop. The 2–0 suture is weaved through the nitinol loop to create a knotless mattress stitch within the midcarpal joint and reduce the torn SL ligament.

Results In this article, we present the outcomes of a patient treated with this arthroscopic inside knotless technique in treating scapholunate instability.

Conclusions This knotless arthroscopic scapholunate capsulodesis technique provides a simple method to performing an arthroscopic dorsal capsulodesis.
Life and Times of the Murray Cod
Authors: Humphries Paul
Published: April 2023

The Murray cod is Australia’s largest and most iconic freshwater fish. Tales of the species have long been part of Australian folklore and this book describes its history, biology, cultural significance and conservation.

The Life and Times of the Murray Cod reveals the many roles the species has played throughout the history of the continent, from its place at the heart of the Aboriginal creation story of the Murray River, its role as a food source for explorers surveying inland Australia in the early 1800s, to it forming the basis of a commercial fishing industry up to the early 2000s.

Living for upwards of half a century and growing to astonishing sizes, today the Murray cod is a hugely popular target for recreational fishing, but its future is anything but assured. In the face of climate change, river management and fishing pressure, much needs to be done to ensure this extraordinary fish swims confidently into the future.

The Life and Times of the Murray Cod draws on historical, anecdotal and scientific sources to reveal what makes this remarkable species so special, and will appeal to fishers, natural resource managers, conservationists and any reader interested in natural history.
Quail, Buttonquail and Plains-wanderer in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Forshaw Joseph , Knight Frank
Published: April 2023

Although not closely related, quail, buttonquail and the Plains-wanderer have much in common. Quail, Buttonquail and Plains-wanderer in Australia and New Zealand examines 14 species of these small, secretive ground-dwelling birds, including Old World and New World quail, the endangered Buff-breasted Buttonquail, the elusive Plains-wanderer and the extinct New Zealand Quail.

Joseph Forshaw presents a comprehensive review of recent studies for these often hard to observe birds. Detailed species descriptions include key features, habitat, status, diet and breeding, along with information on eggs, calls and distribution. Each species is fully illustrated with exquisite colour identification plates by renowned wildlife artist Frank Knight. This is an essential reference for anyone fascinated by these elusive birds.
Field Guide to the Seashores of South-Eastern Australia
Authors: Porter Christine , Matthews Ty , Bellgrove Alecia , Wescott Geoff
Published: April 2023

The types of plants and animals that live on seashores in temperate regions are similar around the globe, but many of the individual species in south-eastern Australia are found only in this region.

Field Guide to the Seashores of South-Eastern Australia features colour photographs, descriptions and ecological notes for around 240 species of the more common plants and animals found on rocky, sandy and muddy shores along the coastline from Port Lincoln, South Australia, to the Hawkesbury River, New South Wales, and Tasmania.

This guide will allow beachgoers to learn interesting details about the plants and animals they come across, while also having sufficient scientific detail for natural history enthusiasts and biology students to develop their understanding of these shore ecosystems.
Tribological behaviour and wear mechanism of ADI with different hardness values
Authors: Wang Xin , Du Yuzhou , Liu Chen , Gao Zhijie , Hu Zhitao , Jiang Yu , Jiang Bailing
Published: April 2023

The tribological behaviour and wear mechanism of austempered ductile iron (ADI) with different hardness values were investigated. Results showed that the wear resistance of ADI was sensitive to hardness and service conditions. Under mild wear conditions, the low-hardness ADI sample exhibited high wear resistance because graphite was easy to transfer to the tribosurface and acted as a lubricant to reduce the friction coefficient. However, the high-hardness ADI sample was hard to deform plastically, which restricted the transfer of graphite from the matrix to the tribosurface. Under severe wear conditions, the plastic deformation of the low-hardness ADI sample gave rise to abrasive wear, which resulted in poor wear resistance. With the deterioration of wear conditions, the wear mechanism of ADI was transformed from micro-cutting wear to oxidative wear.
Compressive behaviour of open-cell Al–Si alloy foam produced by infiltration casting
Authors: Xia Yinzheng , Shi Jianchao , Mu Yongliang
Published: April 2023

Open-cell Al–Si alloy foams with different densities were manufactured by vacuum infiltration. The foam with smaller NaCl as space holders showed a mixed scaffold structure consisting of abundant struts and cell walls. It was also found that the open-cell Al–Si alloy foam showed various defects containing micropores, microcracks and missing cell walls. The compression results indicated that the open-cell Al–Si alloy foams exhibited smoother stress–strain behaviour and higher compressive strength than that of previous studies, despite a larger number of defects in brittle Al–Si matrix. The successive occurrences of multiple deformation bands owing to the mixed structure and various defects were responsible for the smooth compression stress–strain behaviour.
The influence of ball in/out of play and possession in elite soccer: Towards a more valid measure of physical intensity during competitive match‐play
Authors: Jerome Benjamin W. C. , Stoeckl Michael , Mackriell Ben , Seidl Thomas , Dawson Christian W. , Fong Daniel T. P. , Folland Jonathan P.
Published: April 2023

The physical demands of soccer match‐play have typically been assessed using a low‐resolution whole match approach ignoring whether the ball is in or out of play (BIP/BOP) and during these periods which team has possession. This study investigated the effect of fundamental match structure variables (BIP/BOP, in/out of possession) on the physical demands, and especially intensity, of elite match‐play. For 1083 matches from a major European league, whole match duration, and player physical tracking data, were divided into BIP/BOP, and in/out of possession periods throughout the match, using on‐ball event data. These distinct phases were used to derive absolute (m) and rate (m·min−1) of distance covered in total and within six speed categories during BIP/BOP and in/out possession. The rate of distance covered, an index of physical intensity, was >2‐fold greater during BIP vs BOP. Whole match total distance covered was confounded by BIP time and poorly associated with physical intensity during BIP (r = 0.36). Whole match rates of distance covered substantially underestimated those during BIP, particularly for higher running speeds (∼−62%). Ball possession markedly effected physical intensity, with the rates of distance covered running (+31%), at high‐speed (+30%) and in total (+7%) greater out than in possession. Whole match physical metrics underestimated the physical intensity during BIP, and thus the rate(s) of distance covered during BIP are recommended for accurate measurement of physical intensity in elite soccer. The greater demands of being out of possession support a possession‐based tactical approach to minimise fatigue and its negative consequences.
Emergent gravity from the IIB matrix model and cancellation of a cosmological constant
Authors: Klinkhamer F R
Published: April 2023

We review a cosmological model where the metric determinant plays a dynamical role and present new numerical results on the cancellation of the vacuum energy density including the contribution of a cosmological constant. The action of this model is only invariant under restricted coordinate transformations with unit Jacobian (the same restriction appears in the well-known unimodular-gravity approach to the cosmological constant problem). As to the possible origin of the nonstandard terms in the matter action of the model, we show that these terms can, in principle, arise from the emergent gravity in the IIB matrix model, a nonperturbative formulation of superstring theory.
Herglotz action for homogeneous cosmologies
Authors: Sloan David
Published: April 2023

We present an action from which the dynamics of homogeneous cosmologies can be derived. The action has no dependence on scale within the system and hence is more parsimonious in its description than the Einstein–Hilbert action. The form of the action follows that pioneered by Herglotz and hence allows for a direct interpretation of the system as being both autonomous and frictional.
Zeeman spectroscopy and crystal-field analysis of low symmetry centres in Nd3+ doped Y2SiO5
Authors: Alizadeh Y , Wells J-P R , Reid M F , Ferrier A , Goldner P
Published: April 2023

We report on infrared to visible Zeeman absorption spectroscopy and parameterised crystal-field modelling of Nd3+ centres in Y2SiO5 through the use of experimentally inferred crystal-field energy levels and Zeeman directional electronic g values. We demonstrate that good agreement between the calculated and experimental crystal-field energy levels as well as directional Zeeman g values along all three crystallographic axes can be obtained. Further, we demonstrate that the addition of correlation crystal field effects successfully account for discrepancies that arise between the calculated and experimental values relevant to the 2H

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(2) multiplet in a one-electron crystal field model.
Observation of negative terahertz photoconductivity in strongly correlated electron-doped CaMnO3 thin film
Authors: Kinha Monu , Dagar Rahul , Sahoo Jayaprakash , Rakshit Rupali , Rana D S
Published: April 2023

Electron-doped Ca0.96Ce0.04MnO3 (CCMO) possesses a unique band structure and exhibits a giant topological Hall effect contrary to other correlation-driven manganites known for insulator-to-metal transition, magnetoresistance, complex magnetic order, etc. The interaction mechanisms among the fundamental entities and their dynamical evolutions responsible for this unusual topological phase are yet to be understood. Here, we employ time-averaged and sub-picosecond time-resolved terahertz (THz) spectroscopy to explore the low-energy steady-state and ultrafast carrier dynamics, respectively, to unravel the complexity of charge carriers during their transition from a non-equilibrium state to the ground state in CCMO thin film. The THz optical conductivity confirms the presence of dichotomic charge carriers, i.e. heavy and light carriers throughout the temperature range of 15–300 K. A rare observation of both positive and negative photoconductivities along with a sharp crossover between the two resolved to a few picoseconds of illumination confirms the formation of polaron with a lifetime of a few nanoseconds. These optical evidences of dichotomic charge carriers, along with manipulation of the sign of photoconductivity induced by dynamics of related quasiparticles could facilitate a new mechanism for ultrafast optoelectronic switching devices.
Experimental assessment of impedance-based structural health monitoring in radioactive environment
Authors: de Souza Campos Fernando , Albuquerque de Castro Bruno , Luiz Taveira de Assis Helder , Zeituni Carlos Alberto , Covolan Ulson José Alfredo , Baptista Fabricio Guimarães
Published: April 2023

This work presents an experimental study of the influence of radiation on structural health monitoring systems based on the electromechanical impedance method using low-cost piezoelectric diaphragms. For application of the method, the baseline was obtained without radiation and then compared by damage indices after application of radiation. Considering applications in nuclear power plants, the irradiation and calculation of damage indices were performed in the range of 10 kGy–60 kGy at 10 kGy intervals. Impedance measurements were performed in seven frequency bands between 0 and 65 kHz. The results show that, due to the change in the impedance signatures, the damage indices values increase according to the total applied radiation dose, which may indicate a false indication of damage. Besides, results indicate that there are frequency bands less sensitive to radiation and a threshold can be defined to distinguish radiation from structural damage.
Dynamic state estimation of power systems considering maximum correlation entropy and quadratic function
Authors: Chen Tengpeng , Liu Fangyan , Sun Lu , Amaratunga Gehan A J , Zeng Nianyin
Published: April 2023

Uncertainties such as abnormal system inputs, strong model nonlinearities, outliers and impulsive noise unavoidably exist in the power system dynamic state estimation (SE) (DSE). The existing Kalman filter-based DSE methods cannot deal with the uncertainties well and can be improved further. In this paper, a robust DSE method based on the maximum correlation entropy (MCE), quadratic function (QF) and the cubature Kalman filter is proposed to reduce the effects caused by the uncertainties. The MCE-QF based estimator is robust and can alleviate the influence of uncertainties. A new SE error covariance is derived by using the robust statistical tool, influence function. The robustness and estimation precision of the proposed DSE method is demonstrated by conducting simulations on a synchronous generator under different cases.
An interval SLAM algorithm for leg–arm mobile robots based on a CBMeMBer filter with Gaussian indicator box-particles
Authors: Luo Jingwen , Qin Shiyin
Published: April 2023

During the implementation of SLAM methods based on probability hypothesis density with sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), it is necessary to generate a relatively large number of particles for mapping and to cluster particles for target state extraction, which brings about heavy computing requirements and difficulty in enhancing the estimation accuracy. Along these lines, in this work, an interval SLAM algorithm for a leg–arm mobile robot (LA-MR) is presented, which is based on cardinality-balanced multi-target multi-Bernoulli filter (CBMeMBer) with Gaussian indicator box-particles (GIBPs). First, an effective strategy for improving the selection criterion of subdivision box-particles is given via the indicator subdivision resampling to provide more reliable box-particles. In addition, mixtures of Gauss distributions with box supports were developed to fit the posterior probability, i.e. GIBP. Then, the GIBP filter was employed to implement the CBMeMBer filter and thus the particle numbers were significantly reduced to decrease the computational complexity compared with the SMC-CBMeMBer filter. In this way, the feature map learning is considered as a multi-target tracking problem, whereas a kind of SLAM algorithm for LA-MR was also designed and implemented through the GIBP-CBMeMBer filter, in which the GIBP filter is used to realize simultaneous localization and the GIBP-CBMeMBer filter is utilized to build a map. A series of experiments and a case study clearly illustrated the performance superiority of the proposed algorithms.
Effects of spring gripper configuration and forming temperature on the thermo-stamping of a carbon-fiber woven-fabric/polyphenylene sulfide composite sheet
Authors: Yildirim Halil , Uren Nazli , Ozturk Fahrettin
Published: April 2023

Although thermo-stamping is one of the fastest and most cost-effective processes in the production of fabric-reinforced thermoplastic composite parts used in aerospace and automotive industries, it is quite prone to result in many defects. In particular, wrinkling is a frequently encountered defect in the production of doubly curved parts and is very sensitive to process parameters. Finite element analysis is an effective tool for estimating defects that can occur during the thermo-stamping process. In this study, effects of spring configurations in spring-based holders and forming temperature on wrinkling and shear deformation are investigated experimentally and numerically by using two different spring configurations and three different forming temperatures. Non-isothermal and isothermal approaches used in thermo-stamping simulations are compared in terms of wrinkling estimation and shear angle distribution. The results reveal that while the wrinkle predictions obtained by the non-isothermal approach are in good agreement with the experimental results, the isothermal approach cannot predict any of the wrinkles obtained in the experiment. Furthermore, the obtained results confirm that spring gripper configurations and forming temperature have a significant effect on wrinkling and shear angle distribution.