bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Configuração da autopromocionalidade televisual: estratégias de lançamento de um produto midiático em diferentes plataformas
Authors: Rabaiolli Janderle
Published: July 2016

Resumo: O estudo analisa, a partir das diferentes configurações assumidas pelas peças autopromocionais, as estratégias empregadas no lançamento de uma telenovela, tanto na perspectiva de organização interna das peças quanto da integração com diferentes plataformas midiáticas. Para tanto, recorre-se a uma articulação teórico-metodológica que envolve as perspectivas do Círculo de Bakhtin e da semiótica discursiva europeia (greimsiana).Palavras-chave: Promocionalidade. Estratégias. Televisão. PublicidadTransmidiação.Configuración de la autopromocionalidad televisiva: estrategias de lanzamiento de un producto mediático en distintas plataformasResumén: El estudio analiza, a partir de las diferentes configuraciones asumidas por los textos de autopromoción, las estrategias empleadas en el lanzamiento de una telenovela, tanto desde el punto de vista de la organización interna de las piezas como también la integración con las diferentes plataformas. El artículo se basa en una integración teórica y metodológica que implica las perspectivas del Círculo Bajtín y la semiótica discursiva (Greimas).Palabras clave: Promoción. Estrategias. Televisión. Publicidad. Transmediación.Configuration of the televisual self-promotionality: strategies for launching a media product at diff erent platformsAbstract: The study analyze, through different configurations assumed by self-promotional pieces, the strategies deployed in the Soap Opera releasing, considering their internal organization as well as their integration with different media platforms. To do so, we draw on a theoretical and methodological articulation involving the perspectives of the Bakhtin Circle and the European (Greimasian) discursive semiotics.Keywords: Promotionality. Strategies. Television. Advertising. Transmedia.
Spontaneous In Vivo Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells by Blocking Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling
Authors: Marsano Anna , Medeiros da Cunha Carolina M. , Ghanaati Shahram , Gueven Sinan , Centola Matteo , Tsaryk Roman , Barbeck Mike , Stuedle Chiara , Barbero Andrea , Helmrich Uta , Schaeren Stefan , Kirkpatrick James C. , Banfi Andrea , Martin Ivan
Published: July 2016

Chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) can be induced by presenting morphogenetic factors or soluble signals but typically suffers from limited efficiency, reproducibility across primary batches, and maintenance of phenotypic stability. Considering the avascular and hypoxic milieu of articular cartilage, we hypothesized that sole inhibition of angiogenesis can provide physiological cues to direct in vivo differentiation of uncommitted MSCs to stable cartilage formation. Human MSCs were retrovirally transduced to express a decoy soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (sFlk1), which efficiently sequesters endogenous VEGF in vivo, seeded on collagen sponges and immediately implanted ectopically in nude mice. Although naïve cells formed vascularized fibrous tissue, sFlk1-MSCs abolished vascular ingrowth into engineered constructs, which efficiently and reproducibly developed into hyaline cartilage. The generated cartilage was phenotypically stable and showed no sign of hypertrophic evolution up to 12 weeks. In vitro analyses indicated that spontaneous chondrogenic differentiation by blockade of angiogenesis was related to the generation of a hypoxic environment, in turn activating the transforming growth factor-β pathway. These findings suggest that VEGF blockade is a robust strategy to enhance cartilage repair by endogenous or grafted mesenchymal progenitors. This article outlines the general paradigm of controlling the fate of implanted stem/progenitor cells by engineering their ability to establish specific microenvironmental conditions rather than directly providing individual morphogenic cues.

Significance

Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) is typically targeted by morphogen delivery, which is often associated with limited efficiency, stability, and robustness. This article proposes a strategy to engineer MSCs with the capacity to establish specific microenvironmental conditions, supporting their own targeted differentiation program. Sole blockade of angiogenesis mediated by transduction for sFlk-1, without delivery of additional morphogens, is sufficient for inducing MSC chondrogenic differentiation. The findings represent a relevant step forward in the field because the method allowed reducing interdonor variability in MSC differentiation efficiency and, importantly, onset of a stable, nonhypertrophic chondrocyte phenotype.
Collaboration Strengthens Water Utilities and Health Agencies
Authors: Finn Lauren E.
Published: July 2016

Health agency personnel who monitor foodborne and waterborne disease outbreaks can work proactively with water agencies to improve outbreak response and mitigation, reduce cases of illness, and save more lives.
COMMENTARY
Authors: Serafim Antonio , Yokomizo Juliana , De Barros Daniel Martins
Published: July 2016

Zika Virus and Microcephaly: Challenges in Brazil
Science and ideology: The case of physics in Nazi Germany
Authors: Ball Philip
Published: July 2016

Science is not «above» politics and ethics: it is intrinsically political, and constantly raises ethical dilemmas. The consequences of evading such issues were made particularly clear in the actions of scientists working in Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 40s. The accusation in 2006 that Dutch physicist Peter Debye was an opportunist who colluded with the Nazis reopened the debate about the conduct of physicists at that time. Here I consider what those events can tell us about the relationship of science and politics today. I argue that an insistence that science is an abstract, apolitical inquiry into nature is a myth that can leave it morally compromised and vulnerable to political manipulation.
Wide-angle KTa1−
xNbxO3 deflector for swept light source using DC charge technique
Authors: Akiyama Tatsuhiro , Shinagawa Mitsuru , Ueno Masahiro , Sasaki Yuzo , Toyoda Seiji , Sakamoto Tadashi
Published: July 2016

A 5-pass KTa1−

x
Nb
x
O3 (KTN) deflector based on a DC charge technique for the swept light source of an optical coherence tomography system is proposed. The DC charge technique used in a 3-pass KTN deflector enables us to obtain the long-term stability of the optical power without any degradation of the important features of the swept light source. Experimental results confirm that the coherence length of a swept light source with the 5-pass KTN deflector using the DC charge technique is almost equal to that using a precharge technique reported previously. This means that the DC charge technique does not degrade the coherence length. There are limitation values for applied voltage, the KTN electrode gap, relative dielectric constant, and sweep frequency of the KTN deflector in terms of obtaining long coherence length. We believe that a 7-pass KTN deflector is effective for obtaining a longer coherence length.
Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers by Next Generation Sequencing for the blue and red shrimpAristeus antennatus
Authors: Heras Sandra , Planella Laia , Caldarazzo Ilaria , Vera Manuel , García-Marín José-Luis , Roldán Maria Ines
Published: July 2016

The blue and red shrimp,Aristeus antennatus, is a commercially important crustacean, in the Mediterranean Sea, which has been listed as a priority species for fishery management. Hypervariable microsatellite markers could be a useful tool to identify genetic stocks among geographically close fishing grounds. Potential microsatellite markers (97) identified from next-generation sequencing of an individual shrimp using a 454 GS Junior Pyrosequencer were tested on a preliminary panel of 15 individuals representing the four worldwide genetic stocks of the species from which 35 polymorphic loci were identified and used to characterize an additional 20 individuals from the Western Mediterranean Sea. In the Western Mediterranean sample, 32 out of 35 were polymorphic loci and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.050 to 0.968. No linkage disequilibrium was detected, indicating the independence of the loci. These novel microsatellites provide additional tools to address questions relating to genetic diversity, parentage studies and connectivity patterns ofA. antennatuspopulations and help develop effective strategies to ensure long-term sustainability of this resource.
Community shelter use in response to two benthic decapod predators in the Long Island Sound
Authors: Hudson David M. , Reagan Dugan , Crivello Joseph F.
Published: July 2016

To investigate community shelter effects of two invasive decapod species,Hemigrapsus sanguineusandCarcinus maenas, in the Long Island Sound (LIS), we deployed artificial shelters in the intertidal and immediate subtidal zones. These consisted of five groups during the summer: a control, a residentH. sanguineusmale or female group, and a residentC. maenasmale or female group. We quantified utilization of the shelters at 24 h by counting crabs and fish present. We found significant avoidance ofH. sanguineusin the field by benthic hermit crabs (Pagurusspp.) and significant avoidance ofC. maenasby the seaboard goby (Gobiosoma ginsburgi). The grubby (Myoxocephalus aenaeus) avoided neither treatment, probably since it tends to be a predator of invertebrates.H. sanguineusavoidedC. maenastreatments, whereasC. maenasdid not avoid any treatment. Seasonal deployments in the subtidal indicated cohabitation of a number of benthic species in the LIS, with peak shelter use corresponding with increased predation and likely reproductive activity in spring and summer for green crabs (C. maenas), hermit crabs (Pagurusspp.), seaboard gobies (G. ginsburgi), and grubbies (Myoxocephalus aenaeus).
Medium-sized exotic prey create novel food webs: the case of predators and scavengers consuming lagomorphs
Authors: Barbar Facundo , Hiraldo Fernando , Lambertucci Sergio A.
Published: July 2016

Food web interactions are key to community structure. The introduction of species can be seen as an uncontrolled experiment of the addition of species. Introduced species lead to multiple changes, frequently threatening the native biodiversity. However, little is known about their direct effect on the upper level of the food web. In this study we review empirical data on the predator–prey relationship between the introduced lagomorphs and their consumers, and use meta-analytical tools to quantify the strength of their interactions. We expect that exotic lagomorphs will destabilize food webs, affect ecological processes and compromise the conservation of the invaded regions. We found 156 studies on the diet of 43 species of predators that consume lagomorphs as exotic preys in South America and Oceania. We found an average exotic lagomorphs-predator link of 20% which indicates a strong interaction, given that the average for the strongest links with native prey (when lagomorphs are not included in the predator diet) is about 24%. Additionally, this last link decreases to 17% when lagomorphs are present. When lagomorphs arrive in a new environment they may become the most important resource for predators, producing an unstable equilibrium in the novel food web. Any disruption of this interaction could have catastrophic consequences for the native diversity by directly impacting predators or indirectly impacting native preys by apparent competition. Eradication or any change in their abundances should be carefully considered in conservation actions since those will have great impacts on predator populations and ultimately in the whole communities.
Predictores asociados a variaciones en puntajes Simce en la Región del Biobío
Authors: Orellana Olivares Ricardo , Merino Escobar José Manuel
Published: July 2016

El creciente interés por contar con investigaciones que expliquen diferencias en resultados académicos en el Sistema de Medición de los Resultados del Aprendizaje (Simce) que vayan más allá de la mera construcción de un «ranking educativo», es el fundamento del propósito principal de este estudio que busca identificar posibles predictores de tipo social, cultural o económico, que incidan de manera estadísticamente significativa en variaciones en los resultados de la prueba mencionada aplicada el año 2009 a Cuartos años básicos. La población comprendida corresponde a la totalidad de la Región del Biobío, Chile. Como esta población resulta demasiado extensa para el análisis de nivel individual, se trabajó con las medias comunales del Simce en las 54 comunas que comprenden la mencionada región. El método de recolección de datos consistió en una búsqueda exhaustiva de la mayor cantidad de predictores disponibles en bases de datos confiables como el Censo, Casen, Sinim y Simce. Los datos obtenidos fueron ordenados, analizados y correlacionados a través del programa de análisis estadístico S.A.S. El análisis estadístico de regresión lineal múltiple permitió establecer un modelo óptimo trivariado para la variable dependiente, con formado por las variables independientes: evaluación docente, crecimiento anual comunal de la población y porcentaje de acceso a computador. Finalmente, este modelo explicó un 57% de la variación total de los resultados Simce 2009 con un error alfa de 1 por 10.000.
Mitochondrial transit peptide exhibits cell penetration ability and efficiently delivers macromolecules to mitochondria
Authors: Jain Aastha , Chugh Archana
Published: July 2016

Mitochondrial malfunction under various circumstances can lead to a variety of disorders. Effective targeting of macromolecules (drugs) is important for restoration of mitochondrial function and treatment of related disorders. We have designed a novel cell‐penetrating mitochondrial transit peptide (CpMTP) for delivery of macromolecules to mitochondria. Comparison between properties of cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) and mitochondrial signal sequences enabled prediction of peptides with dual ability for cellular translocation and mitochondrial localization. Among the predicted peptides, CpMTP translocates across HeLa cells and shows successful delivery of noncovalently conjugated cargo molecules to mitochondria. CpMTP may have applications in transduction and transfection of mitochondria for therapeutics.
Do submesoscale frontal processes ventilate the oxygen minimum zone off Peru?
Authors: Thomsen S. , Kanzow T. , Colas F. , Echevin V. , Krahmann G. , Engel A.
Published: July 2016

The Peruvian upwelling system encompasses the most intense and shallowest oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the ocean. This system shows pronounced submesoscale activity like filaments and fronts. We carried out glider‐based observations off Peru during austral summer 2013 to investigate whether submesoscale frontal processes ventilate the Peruvian OMZ. We present observational evidence for the subduction of highly oxygenated surface water in a submesoscale cold filament. The subduction event ventilates the oxycline but does not reach OMZ core waters. In a regional submesoscale‐permitting model we study the pathways of newly upwelled water. About 50% of upwelled virtual floats are subducted below the mixed layer within 5 days emphasizing a hitherto unrecognized importance of subduction for the ventilation of the Peruvian oxycline.
Coseismic slip and early afterslip of the 2015 Illapel, Chile, earthquake: Implications for frictional heterogeneity and coastal uplift
Authors: Barnhart William D. , Murray Jessica R. , Briggs Richard W. , Gomez Francisco , Miles Charles P. J. , Svarc Jerry , Riquelme Sebastian , Stressler Bryan J.
Published: July 2016

Great subduction earthquakes are thought to rupture portions of the megathrust, where interseismic coupling is high and velocity‐weakening frictional behavior is dominant, releasing elastic deformation accrued over a seismic cycle. Conversely, postseismic afterslip is assumed to occur primarily in regions of velocity‐strengthening frictional characteristics that may correlate with lower interseismic coupling. However, it remains unclear if fixed frictional properties of the subduction interface, coseismic or aftershock‐induced stress redistribution, or other factors control the spatial distribution of afterslip. Here we use interferometric synthetic aperture radar and Global Position System observations to map the distribution of coseismic slip of the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile, earthquake and afterslip within the first 38 days following the earthquake. We find that afterslip overlaps the coseismic slip area and propagates along‐strike into regions of both high and moderate interseismic coupling. The significance of these observations, however, is tempered by the limited resolution of geodetic inversions for both slip and coupling. Additional afterslip imaged deeper on the fault surface bounds a discrete region of deep coseismic slip, and both contribute to net uplift of the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. A simple partitioning of the subduction interface into regions of fixed frictional properties cannot reconcile our geodetic observations. Instead, stress heterogeneities, either preexisting or induced by the earthquake, likely provide the primary control on the afterslip distribution for this subduction zone earthquake. We also explore the occurrence of coseismic and postseismic coastal uplift in this sequence and its implications for recent hypotheses concerning the source of permanent coastal uplift along subduction zones.
From Treatment to Empowerment: New Approaches to Youth Mentoring
Authors: Schwartz Sarah E.O. , Rhodes Jean E.
Published: July 2016

Traditional approaches to formal youth mentoring have focused primarily on improving the lives of “at‐risk” youth through the assignment of individual mentors who are typically disconnected from youth's communities. Similarly, research in the field of formal mentoring has emphasized the dyadic relationship between the mentor and the mentee, with less attention paid to the broader relational contexts in which such relationships unfold. The current paper proposes a new framework that expands the scope of mentoring interventions to include approaches that build on and cultivate informal supports and empower youth to identify and reach out to networks of potential supportive adults, thus increasing the reach of youth mentoring.
Bonobo nest site selection and the importance of predictor scales in primate ecology
Authors: Serckx Adeline , Huynen Marie‐Claude , Beudels‐Jamar Roseline C. , Vimond Marie , Bogaert Jan , Kühl Hjalmar S.
Published: July 2016

The role of spatial scale in ecological pattern formation such as the geographical distribution of species has been a major theme in research for decades. Much progress has been made on identifying spatial scales of habitat influence on species distribution. Generally, the effect of a predictor variable on a response is evaluated over multiple, discrete spatial scales to identify an optimal scale of influence. However, the idea to identify one optimal scale of predictor influence is misleading. Species‐environment relationships across scales are usually sigmoid increasing or decreasing rather than humped‐shaped, because environmental conditions are generally highly autocorrelated. Here, we use nest count data on bonobos (Pan paniscus) to build distribution models which simultaneously evaluate the influence of several predictors at multiple spatial scales. More specifically, we used forest structure, availability of fruit trees and terrestrial herbaceous vegetation (THV) to reflect environmental constraints on bonobo ranging, feeding and nesting behaviour, respectively. A large number of models fitted the data equally well and revealed sigmoidal shapes for bonobo‐environment relationships across scales. The influence of forest structure increased with distance and became particularly important, when including a neighbourhood of at least 750 m around observation points; for fruit availability and THV, predictor influence decreased with increasing distance and was mainly influential below 600 and 300 m, respectively. There was almost no difference in model fit, when weighing predictor values within the extraction neighbourhood by distance compared to simply taking the arithmetic mean of predictor values. The spatial scale models provide information on bonobo nesting preferences and are useful for the understanding of bonobo ecology and conservation, such as in the context of mitigating the impact of logging. The proposed approach is flexible and easily applicable to a wide range of species, response and predictor variables and over diverse spatial scales and ecological settings.
Long‐term evolution of multiple sclerosis disability in the treatment era
Authors:   University of California, San Francisco MS‐EPIC Team:, Cree Bruce A. C. , Gourraud Pierre‐Antoine , Oksenberg Jorge R. , Bevan Carolyn , Crabtree‐Hartman Elizabeth , Gelfand Jeffrey M. , Goodin Douglas S. , Graves Jennifer , Green Ari J. , Mowry Ellen , Okuda Darin T. , Pelletier Daniel , von Büdingen H.‐Christian , Zamvil Scott S. , Agrawal Alisha , Caillier Stacy , Ciocca Caroline , Gomez Refujia , Kanner Rachel , Lincoln Robin , Lizee Antoine , Qualley Pamela , Santaniello Adam , Suleiman Leena , Bucci Monica , Panara Valentina , Papinutto Nico , Stern William A. , Zhu Alyssa H. , Cutter Gary R. , Baranzini Sergio , Henry Roland G. , Hauser Stephen L.
Published: July 2016

Objective

To characterize the accrual of long‐term disability in a cohort of actively treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to assess whether clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data used in clinical trials have long‐term prognostic value.

Methods

This is a prospective study of 517 actively managed MS patients enrolled at a single center.

Results

More than 91% of patients were retained, with data ascertained up to 10 years after the baseline visit. At this last assessment, neurologic disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was stable or improved compared to baseline in 41% of patients. Subjects with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) by clinical and MRI criteria during the first 2 years had long‐term outcomes that were no different from those of the cohort as a whole. 25‐OH vitamin D serum levels were inversely associated with short‐term MS disease activity; however, these levels had no association with long‐term disability. At a median time of 16.8 years after disease onset, 10.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.2–14%) of patients reached an EDSS ≥ 6, and 18.1% (95% CI = 13.5–22.5%) evolved from relapsing MS to secondary progressive MS (SPMS).

Interpretation

Rates of worsening and evolution to SPMS were substantially lower when compared to earlier natural history studies. Notably, the NEDA 2‐year endpoint was not a predictor of long‐term stability. Finally, the data call into question the utility of annual MRI assessments as a treat‐to‐target approach for MS care. Ann Neurol 2016;80:499–510
Simultaneous Identification of Spectral Properties and Sizes of Multiple Particles in Solution with Subnanometer Resolution
Authors: Karabudak Engin , Brookes Emre , Lesnyak Vladimir , Gaponik Nikolai , Eychmüller Alexander , Walter Johannes , Segets Doris , Peukert Wolfgang , Wohlleben Wendel , Demeler Borries , Cölfen Helmut
Published: July 2016

We report an unsurpassed solution characterization technique based on analytical ultracentrifugation, which demonstrates exceptional potential for resolving particle sizes in solution with sub‐nm resolution. We achieve this improvement in resolution by simultaneously measuring UV/Vis spectra while hydrodynamically separating individual components in the mixture. By equipping an analytical ultracentrifuge with a novel multi‐wavelength detector, we are adding a new spectral discovery dimension to traditional hydrodynamic characterization, and amplify the information obtained by orders of magnitude. We demonstrate the power of this technique by characterizing unpurified CdTe nanoparticle samples, avoiding tedious and often impossible purification and fractionation of nanoparticles into apparently monodisperse fractions. With this approach, we have for the first time identified the pure spectral properties and band‐gap positions of discrete species present in the CdTe mixture.
N‐Doped Sub‐3 nm Co Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient and Durable Aerobic Oxidative Coupling Catalysts
Authors: Han Junxing , Gu Feifei , Li Yuchao
Published: July 2016

A nano‐coating associated with sulfuric acid leaching protocol was developed to prepare N‐doped sub‐3 nm Co‐based nanoparticle catalyst (Co−N/C) using melamine–formaldehyde resin as the N‐containing precursor, active carbon as the support, and Co(NO3)2 as the Co‐containing precursor. By thermal treatment under nitrogen atmosphere at 800 °C and leached with sulfuric acid solution, a stable and highly dispersive Co−N coordination structure was uniformly dispersed on the formed Co−N/C catalyst with a Co loading of 0.47 wt % and Co nanoparticle size of 2.55 nm. The Co−N/C catalyst was characterized with XRD, XPS, Raman, SEM, TEM, ICP, and elemental analysis. The Co−N/C catalyst showed extremely high catalytic efficiency with a TON of 257 for the aerobic oxidative coupling of aldehydes with methanol to directly synthesize methyl esters with molecular oxygen as the final oxidant. The Co−N/C catalyst also showed broad substrate range and stable recyclability. After recycling for 7 times, no obvious deactivation was detected. It was confirmed that the sub‐3 nm Co−N coordination structure formed between metallic Co nanoparticles and pyridinic nitrogen doping into graphitic layers functions as the active site to activate molecular oxygen for the β‐H elimination from generated hemiacetal intermediates to produce methyl esters. The nano‐coating associated with acid leaching protocol provides a novel strategy to prepare highly efficient non‐precious metal‐based catalysts.
Evolution of laparoscopic liver resection
Authors: Cherqui D
Published: July 2016

Important development in hepatic surgery
Standardizing and monitoring the delivery of surgical interventions in randomized clinical trials
Authors: Blencowe N S , Mills N , Cook J A , Donovan J L , Rogers C A , Whiting P , Blazeby J M
Published: July 2016

Background

The complexity of surgical interventions has major implications for the design of RCTs. Trials need to consider how and whether to standardize interventions so that, if successful, they can be implemented in practice. Although guidance exists for standardizing non-pharmaceutical interventions in RCTs, their application to surgery is unclear. This study reports new methods for standardizing the delivery of surgical interventions in RCTs.

Methods

Descriptions of 160 surgical interventions in existing trial reports and protocols were identified. Initially, ten reports were scrutinized in detail using a modified framework approach for the analysis of qualitative data, which informed the development of a preliminary typology. The typology was amended with iterative sequential application to all interventions. Further testing was undertaken within ongoing multicentre RCTs.

Results

The typology has three parts. Initially, the overall technical purpose of the intervention is described (exploration, resection and/or reconstruction) in order to establish its constituent components and steps. This detailed description of the intervention is then used to establish whether and how each component and step should be standardized, and the standards documented within the trial protocol. Finally, the typology provides a framework for monitoring the agreed intervention standards during the RCT. Pilot testing within ongoing RCTs enabled standardization of the interventions to be agreed, and case report forms developed to capture deviations from these standards.

Conclusion

The typology provides a framework for use during trial design to standardize the delivery of surgical interventions and document these details within protocols. Application of this typology to future RCTs may clarify details of the interventions under evaluation and help successful interventions to be implemented.
The Tracing of VOC Composition of Acacia Honey During Ripening Stages by Comprehensive Two‐Dimensional Gas Chromatography
Authors: Vyviurska Olga , Chlebo Róbert , Pysarevska Solomiya , Špánik Ivan
Published: July 2016

In this study, VOC profiles of acacia flowers and honey samples at different processing stages and related comb wax samples were studied using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. It was found that some monoterpene compounds like α‐pinene, myrcene, cis‐β‐ocimene, and 4‐terpineol were common for acacia flower and all acacia honey samples, and the presence of verbenone and ocimene was first established in acacia honey. The most enriched VOC profile was obtained for raw honey before cell capping, where the final composition of lactones was achieved. On the contrary, number of alcohols, esters, and variety of terpenes, as well as their concentration in the honey samples decrease through ripening processes. Strained honey was characterized by the absence of camphor, α‐bisabolol, and 3‐carene, while isophorone and hexanoic acid were identified only in this type of honey. The composition of final VOC profile of honey was also influenced by the age of comb wax. The additional aromatic and lactone compounds, e.g., phenol, 1‐phenylethanol, δ‐hexalactone, and γ‐heptalactone were observed for honey maturated in old dark comb wax.
Chemotaxonomic Screening of Seed Oils from the Family Saxifragaceae and Comparison with Data on Seed Oils from Grossulariaceae Obtained from Literature
Authors: Matthäus Bertrand , Otgonbayar Choijiljav
Published: July 2016

Seeds of 25 members of the family Saxifragaceae, 1 × Astilbe, 1 × Darmera, 1 × Leptarrhena, 1 × Tellima, 3 × Mitella, and 18 × Saxifraga were investigated regarding oil content, as well as composition and content of fatty acids and vitamin E active compounds. The results were compared with results obtained from literature for members of the genus Ribes belonging to the closely related family Grossulariaceae to find chemometric differences between the different genera and between members of the family Saxifragaceae and Grossulariaceae, respectively. Members of the family Saxifragaceae are dominated by high amounts of linoleic and α‐linolenic acid which together account for about 80% of the total fatty acids. While α‐linolenic acid is characteristic for members of the genus Saxifraga, in other genera, linoleic acid is predominant. In comparison to members of the family Saxifragaceae members of the family Grossulariaceae also contain γ‐linolenic acid and stearidonic acid which allow a significant differentiation between both families. By principle component analysis, members of both families were divided into three distinct groups, i) species with a high content of α‐linolenic acid (genus Saxifraga), ii) species with high amounts of γ‐linolenic acid and stearidonic acid (genus Ribes), and iii) species with higher amounts of linoleic acid (other members of the family Saxifragaceae). The composition of the vitamin E active compounds was characterized by a high content of γ‐tocopherol in most members of the family Saxifragaceae, but no chemotaxonomic relevance.
Enhancing the Activity of Platinum‐Based Nanocrystal Catalysts for Organic Synthesis through Electronic Structure Modification
Authors: Kim Minjune , Kim Yena , Kim Yeonjoon , Kwon Yongmin , Ham Kyungrok , Kim Woo Youn , Han Sang Woo
Published: July 2016

We report a systematic study on the correlation of the modified electronic structure of nanocrystal catalysts with the adsorption properties of the substrate and the resultant catalytic activity by using Baeyer–Villiger oxidation catalyzed by composition‐controlled Pt‐based nanocubes (NCs) as a model heterogeneous catalysis reaction. The incorporation of 3d transition metals into Pt to form PtM (M=Zn, Co, and Ni) alloy NCs allowed fine‐tuning of the electronic structure of Pt. PtM NCs with a higher‐lying d band center exhibited higher catalytic performance owing to the enhanced initial activation of the carbonyl group of the substrate. This work emphasizes the importance of fine‐tuning the electronic structure of heterogeneous catalysts to advance their catalytic function.
Toward resistance‐compromised DHFR inhibitors part 1: Combined structure/ligand‐based virtual screenings and ADME‐Tox profiling
Authors: Gahtori Prashant , Pandey Rahul , Kumar Vinod , Ghosh Surajit Kumar , Das Aparoop , Kalita Jun Moni , Sahu Supriya , Prakash Anil , Bhattacharyya Divya Ranjan
Published: July 2016

The front‐line antimalarial drugs, for example, chloroquine, mefloquine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine, atovaquone, and artemether, are often failing because of the worldwide spread of drug‐resistant parasites. There has been significant recent interest in virtual screening to drive innovative drug discovery and to combat resistance efforts for a wide range of diseases. In fact, virtual screening has become the “gold standard” for major pharmaceutical industries and some university groups. Therefore, we present herein a structure‐based LibDock/CHARMM modeling and a set of appropriate scoring function evaluation criteria: correlation, consensus score, correlation‐based score, generally applicable replacement for root‐mean‐square deviation using a training set of 38 phenylthiazolyl‐1,3,5‐triazines from our previous reports and followed by a ligand‐based model to identify molecular features like hydrogen‐bond acceptor, hydrogen‐bond donor, hydrophobicity, and ring aromatic (RA) using Catalyst HipHop/HypoGen module. Next, TOPKAT module was applied to predict ADME‐Tox properties. The combined structure/ligand‐based approaches inadvertently arrived at a conserved Arg122 binding site from reliable LigScore1_dreiding top scoring function and are subsequently attributed to reserve important interactions and combat mutational drug resistance. The best pharmacophore model suggested that 1 hydrogen‐bond acceptor, 2 hydrophobicities, and 1 ring aromatic feature with good sensitivity at 0.50, specificity at 0.66, enrichment at 1.60, and accuracy at 0.50. Finally, good pharmacokinetics, metabolic stability, and toxicity endpoints were predicted in the comparison of proguanil and cycloguanil. These druggability insights are useful for researchers to deliver more effective, safer, both wild‐type and resistance‐compromised, and more economical dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors in the near future.
ChemInform Abstract: Elaboration, Structural Study, and CHARDI and BVS Analysis of a New β‐Na9Cr(MoO4)6 Variant of Alluandite Type.
Authors: Sonni Manel , Marzouki Riadh , Zid Mohamed Faouzi , Souilem Amira
Published: July 2016

The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a mixture of NaNO3, Cr(NO3)3, and (NH4)6Mo7O24 in the molar ratio Na:Cr:Mo = 6:1:4 (973 K, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: The Archetype Tungsten Iodide Cluster Compound W3I8.
Authors: Stroebele Markus , Meyer H.‐Jürgen
Published: July 2016

The new title compound is obtained by thermal conversion of W3I12 (evacuated silica tubes, 265→25 °C temp.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of NaMgFe(MoO4)3.
Authors: Mhiri Manel , Badri Abdessalem , Ben Amara Mongi
Published: July 2016

Crystals of the title compound are prepared from HNO3 solutions containing NaNO3, Mg(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, and (NH4)6Mo7O24 with an atomic ratio Na:Mg:Fe:Mo = 5:1:1:7, which are evaporated to dryness followed by heating in air (Pt crucible, 673 K for 24 h, and 1123 K for 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Ir‐Polyoxometalate Cluster Using a Continuous Flow Apparatus and STM Investigation of Its Coassembly Behavior on HOPG Surface.
Authors: Zhang Junyong , Chang Shaoqing , Suryanto Bryan H. R. , Gong Chunhua , Zeng Xianghua , Zhao Chuan , Zeng Qingdao , Xie Jingli
Published: July 2016

Black needle‐like crystals of K12Na2H2 [IrCl8P2W20O72] ·37H2O are prepared in a continuous‐flow reactor from aqueous solutions of IrCl3, Na8[HPW9O34], NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, KCl, and HCl (60 °C, 13% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes Catalyzed by o‐Xylylene‐Type Chiral 1,4‐Amino Alcohols with an Aminal Structure.
Authors: Asami Masatoshi , Hasome Ayano , Yachi Naoyuki , Hosoda Naoya , Yamaguchi Yoshitaka , Ito Suguru
Published: July 2016

The title reaction affords the corresponding chiral secondary alcohols (III) in high enantioselectivities, especially in reactions using aromatic aldehydes, e.g. (Ia‐c).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael—Michael—Henry Reaction Cascade. An Entry to Highly Functionalized Hajos—Parrish‐Type Ketones with Five to Six Contiguous Stereogenic Centers and Two Quaternary Carbons.
Authors: Raja Arun , Hong Bor‐Cherng , Liao Ju‐Hsiou , Lee Gene‐Hsiang
Published: July 2016

The multicomponent reaction of 2‐methylcyclopentane‐1,3‐dione, nitroalkene, and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with the diphenylprolinol catalyst gives highly functionalized Hajos—Parrish‐type ketones with five to six contiguous stereocenters and two quaternary carbon stereogenic centers with high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: H‐Type Zeolite‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Addition of Benzene Derivatives to Labile Acrolein.
Authors: Hayashi Daijiro , Narisawa Tomoyuki , Masui Yoichi , Onaka Makoto
Published: July 2016

A survey of acid catalysts for the 1,4‐addition of methoxy‐substituted benzenes to acrolein reveals that H‐Beta and H‐Y are the most suitable catalysts for the 1,4‐addition of benzene derivatives to acrolein to synthesize 3‐arylpropanals.
ChemInform Abstract: The Divergent Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles by Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloadditions of Vinyl Aziridines and Alkynes.
Authors: Feng Jian‐Jun , Lin Tao‐Yan , Zhu Chao‐Ze , Wang Huamin , Wu Hai‐Hong , Zhang Junliang
Published: July 2016

Using [Rh(nbd)2]BF4 as catalyst, a [3+2] cycloaddition takes place with broad substrate scope and high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Biomimetic Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols Catalyzed by Iron Combined with Amino Acids.
Authors: Zhang Guofu , Li Shasha , Lei Jie , Zhang Guihua , Xie Xiaoqiang , Ding Chengrong , Liu Renhua
Published: July 2016

The catalytic system FeCl3/L‐valine/TEMPO is used to convert primary and secondary alcohols into aldehydes and ketones in excellent yields under atmospheric oxygen.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Regioselective C—H Iodination of Aromatic Carboxamides.
Authors: Wu Chuanguang , Zhou Hui , Wu Qiaolin , He Mina , Li Pei , Su Qing , Mu Ying
Published: July 2016

N‐(Quinolin‐8‐yl)benzamides are regioselectively iodinated at the C‐5 position of the quinoline moiety using I2 as iodine source and PhI(OAc)2 as the oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper/Silver Cocatalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Vinylarenes with ICH2CF3 or ICH2CHF2 Leading to β‐CF3/CHF2‐Substituted Ketones.
Authors: Yi Niannian , Zhang Hao , Xu Chonghui , Deng Wei , Wang Ruijia , Peng Dongming , Zeng Zebing , Xiang Jiannan
Published: July 2016

A simple and efficient approach towards ω‐fluorinated alkyl aryl ketones is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Oxidation of Primary Amines to Nitriles Through Coupled Catalytic Cycles.
Authors: Lambert Kyle M. , Bobbitt James M. , Eldirany Sherif A. , Kissane Liam E. , Sheridan Rose K. , Stempel Zachary D. , Sternberg Francis H. , Bailey William F.
Published: July 2016

Synergism among intertwined catalytic cycles allows for selective oxidation of primary amines to nitriles in high yield.
ChemInform Abstract: An Aluminum Dihydride Working as a Catalyst in Hydroboration and Dehydrocoupling.
Authors: Yang Zhi , Zhong Mingdong , Ma Xiaoli , Nijesh Karikkeeriyil , De Susmita , Parameswaran Pattiyil , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: July 2016

An aluminum dihydride complex catalyzes both the hydroboration of terminal alkynes and the dehydrocoupling of boranes with amines, thiols, and phenols, respectively, to form compounds with B—N, B—S, and B—O under elimination of H2.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Cyanotriflation of Alkynes Using Aryl(cyano)iodonium Triflates.
Authors: Wang Xi , Studer Armido
Published: July 2016

This protocol for direct vicinal alkyne cyanotriflation is characterized by complete regioselectivity, excellent stereoselectivity, and a broad scope of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxy‐Alkynylation of Diazo Compounds with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents.
Authors: Hari Durga Prasad , Waser Jerome
Published: July 2016

The reactions proceed with the generation of nitrogen gas as the only by‐product.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular Hydroalkoxylation of N‐Allenyl Sulfonamides with Oximes Catalyzed by Cationic Gold(I) Salts
Authors: Ma Ting , Li Honghe , Sun Chenyang , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhao Zhigang
Published: July 2016

stereoselectively affording a wide range of allyloximino E‐enesulfonamides
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium Thiavinyl Carbenes from 1,2,3‐Thiadiazoles Enable Modular Synthesis of Multisubstituted Thiophenes.
Authors: Kurandina Daria , Gevorgyan Vladimir
Published: July 2016

1,2,3‐Thiadiazoles are introduced as efficient precursors of hitherto unknown Rh thiavinyl carbene species.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Cyclopentadienylruthenium Sulfoxide Catalysts for Asymmetric Redox Bicycloisomerization.
Authors: Trost Barry M , Ryan Michael C , Rao Meera
Published: July 2016

A wide range of cyclopentadienylruthenium complexes containing tethered chiral sulfoxides is synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Triflic Acid Catalyzed Intermolecular α‐Amination of Pterolactams to Give 5‐Arylaminopyrrolidinones via N‐Acyliminium Species.
Authors: Dumitriu Gina‐Mirabela , Bicu Elena , Eryuruk Ulku , Belei Dalila , Rigo Benoit , Daich Adam , Ghinet Alina
Published: July 2016

Compounds (IIId), (IIIe), (IIIf), (VIII), and (XII) show inhibitory activity against human farnesyltransferase.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Tandem Oxidative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with Azoles for the Synthesis of Hemiaminal Ethers.
Authors: Sun Jinwei , Zhang Yu , Mathan Sankaran , Wang Yi , Pan Yi
Published: July 2016

The protocol is successfully applied to various benzotriazole, tetrazole, carbazole, and indazole derivatives, but fails upon the transformation of indole or benzodiazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Alkenylquinoline by Reductive Olefination of Quinoline N‐Oxide under Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Xia Hong , Liu Yuanhong , Zhao Peng , Gou Shaohua , Wang Jun
Published: July 2016

The reaction is proposed to proceed via a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition/acid‐assisted ring‐opening/dehydration sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of Disubstituted Quinazoline Diones with Differential N‐Substitution via a Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Acyl Ureas.
Authors: Durham Emma , Perkins Dave , Scott James S. , Wang Jimmy , Watson Sam
Published: July 2016

An intramolecular Buchwald—Hartwig‐type cross‐coupling furnishes the title compounds in good yields using CuI/hydroxyproline as catalyst/ligand system.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Oxycyanation of Methylenecyclopropanes for the Facile Synthesis of Benzoxazine Compounds Containing a Cyano Group.
Authors: Yuan Yu‐Chao , Yang Hai‐Bin , Tang Xiang‐Ying , Wei Yin , Shi Min
Published: July 2016

Palladium/boron cooperative catalysis enables both the N—CN bond cleavage and the subsequent tautomerization of the amide group allowing for selective oxycyanation of the cyclopropylidene double bond.
ChemInform Abstract: New ent‐Pimarane Diterpenes from the Roots of Aralia dumetorum.
Authors: Yang Chun‐Tao , Hou Shu‐Qun , Tian Kai , Hu Qiu‐Fen , Huang Xiang‐Zhong , Jiang Zhi‐Yong
Published: July 2016

Four new ent‐pimarane diterpenes (I)‐(IV) are isolated from the roots of Aralia dumetorum together with three known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Synthesis of 3‐Etherified Estrones.
Authors: Zheng Dong‐Qing , Jing Yu , Zheng Bing‐Ying , Ye Yun‐Fei , Xu Sheng , Tian Wei‐Sheng , Ma Hai‐Yan , Ding Kai
Published: July 2016

Estrone ethers are prepared from easily available dienone (I) via an eco‐friendly tandem etherification/aromatization process.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Cyclic Tetrapeptides of Streptomyces rutgersensis T009 Isolated from Elaphodus davidianus Excrement.
Authors: Li Shu‐Quan , Yang Ya‐Bin , Yang Xue‐Qiong , Jiang Yi , Li Zhen‐Jie , Li Xiao‐Zhan , Chen Xiu , Li Qi‐Lin , Qin Shao‐Huan , Ding Zhong‐Tao
Published: July 2016

Two new cyclic tetrapeptides (I) and (II) are isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces rutgersensis T009 obtained from Elaphodus davidianus excrement together with 15 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Seco‐Tremulanes from Cultures of the Basidiomycete Flavodon flavus BCC 17421.
Authors: Isaka Masahiko , Palasarn Somporn , Supothina Sumalee , Srichomthong Kitlada , Choeyklin Rattaket
Published: July 2016

A new seco‐tremulane (I) is isolated from cultures of the basidiomycete Flavodon flavus BCC 17421 together with six known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Overview on the Recently Developed Thiazolyl Heterocycles as Useful Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Mahmoodi Nosrat O. , Ghanbari Pirbasti Fateme
Published: July 2016

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Routes to Spirocyclic Pyridazines, Partially‐Saturated Pyridazines and Their Condensed Derivatives
Authors: Abdelmoniem Amr M. , Abdelhamid Ismail A.
Published: July 2016

Review: 116 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Our Expedition in Linear Neutral Platinum‐Acetylide Complexes: The Preparation of Micro/Nanostructure Materials, Complicated Topologies, and Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Lin , Yang Hai‐Bo
Published: July 2016

Review: [53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysts Encapsulated in Molecular Machines
Authors: Pan Tiezheng , Liu Junqiu
Published: July 2016

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Curly Arrows Meet Electron Density Transfers in Chemical Reaction Mechanisms: From Electron Localization Function (ELF) Analysis to Valence‐Shell Electron‐Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Inspired Interpretation
Authors: Andres Juan , Berski Slawomir , Silvi Bernard
Published: July 2016

Review: 173 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Mechanistic Insights on the Selectivity of Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Organic Reactions: The Role of Computational Chemistry
Authors: Zhang Xinhao , Chung Lung Wa , Wu Yun‐Dong
Published: July 2016

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Study of Reactive Intermediates in Condensed Phases
Authors: Carpenter Barry K. , Harvey Jeremy N. , Orr‐Ewing Andrew J.
Published: July 2016

Review: 128 refs.
Estimation of concentration‐dependent diffusion coefficients of gases in heavy oils/bitumen using experimental pressure‐decay data
Authors: Roman Francisco J. Pacheco , Hejazi S. Hossein
Published: July 2016

The diffusion coefficient (D) of gases in heavy oils is an important mass transfer parameter to model and design gas injection processes for oil recovery. The pressure‐decay technique (PDT) is one of the widely used experimental methods available to infer this coefficient. PDT records the declining gas phase pressure resulting from the diffusion of gas into heavy oil inside a pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) cell. Commonly, the gas phase pressure decay is modelled by use of Fick's second law along with gas‐phase mass balance equations and assuming a constant diffusion coefficient. In this work, we evaluate two concentration‐dependent diffusion coefficient functions, power‐law and exponential. A simple history matching technique is used to estimate the apparent diffusion coefficient (Do) and concentration dependency factor (ma) from pressure‐decay data. Extensive application of our method to experimental pressure‐decay tests shows that in addition to constant diffusion coefficients, both power‐law and exponential functions are capable of predicting the experimental data. This implies that other experimental techniques are required to extract the functionality of diffusion coefficients with gas concentrations in heavy oil.