bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lesen in einem besonderen Archiv: der Mensch als Geschichtsquelle
Authors: Pichler Sandra
Published: April 2021

Der Mensch hinterlässt nicht nur Aufzeichnungen und Gegenstände aus vergangenen Zeiten, auch die körperlichen Überreste unserer Vorfahren bewahren detaillierte Informationen. Skelette, Leichenbrand oder Mumien sind ein Archiv, das Auskünfte geben kann über das Individuum und die Bevölkerung, aus der es stammt, über Ernährung und Erkrankungen, über Lebens- und Arbeitsbedingungen, persönliche Gewohnheiten und soziale Praktiken. Ebenso sind in ihnen Angaben zur natürlichen Umwelt und zum Klima gespeichert, in denen ein Mensch gelebt hat. Erschlossen wird dieses Archiv von der Archäoanthropologie. In enger Zusammenarbeit mit der Archäologie untersucht sie die Überreste ehemaliger menschlicher Bevölkerungen.
RevospECT® PRO Software for Automated Interpretation of Results and Automatic Tracking of Defects during Eddy Current Inspection of Heat Exchangers
Authors: Shorikov Denis , Melnikova Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

The eddy current NDT method has been successfully used at Russian nuclear power plants for more than 20 years, but there are still problems with assessing the reliability of the results.

Software product of Zetec Inc. (USA) RevospECT® Pro allows you to automatically analyze and compare the monitoring results of the same object, obtained at different times, which allows you to track the development of defects. Thanks to a unique system for collecting and analyzing information, its ability to self-study, RevospECT® Pro is able to make decisions on its own, replacing the level II specialist in full.
Appraisals in Non-Destructive and Destructive Testing in the Field of Nuclear Energy Use
Authors: Kalinin Andrey , Kobernik Aleksandra , Krusser Tatyana
Published: April 2021

The general questions raised at the beginning of the article are the relevant developments in the performance appraisal system in the field of nuclear industry and positive development’s tendencies in comparison with previously adopted concepts of the performance appraisal system. The article examines processes, which are currently in force in the nuclear industry. Furthermore, the requirements for workers «with the right to carry out qualification» are provided.

The statistics of performance appraisal, which was collected since the inception of the performance appraisal system, is provided in this article. Moreover, there are considered types of professional qualification and methods of destructive and nondestructive testing assigned by relevance.
Requirements for Accreditation (Appraisal) of NDT Laboratories in Nuclear Power Industry
Authors: Polkovnikov Aleksey
Published: April 2021

In the nuclear power industry, there are various requirements for NDT laboratories depending on the type of work performed. The article reviews the following types of appraisal: 1) laboratory appraisal at the head materials science organization; 2) appraisal of NDT laboratories during the construction of nuclear power plants; 3) evaluation of the measurement condition in testing laboratories; accreditation of testing laboratories for product conformity assessment.

The study concludes that presence of various requirements for NDT laboratories in the nuclear power industry introduces a certain ambiguity in obtaining the needed certificates
Saber ser consumidor recreativo: la experiencia de ocio de jóvenes en dos Malls de Lima, uno de alta renta y otro de origen popular
Authors: Higa Carbajal Karina
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se presenta una reflexión sobre los Malls como espacios privilegiados para el encuentro y ocio en Lima. Mediante una etnografía, se analiza la experiencia de ocio de jóvenes en un Mall ubicado en una zona de alta renta (Jockey Plaza), y otro, en una zona de origen popular en proceso de valorización (Megaplaza). Se evidencia que los usuarios del Jockey Plaza tienen mayor capacidad y seguridad para apropiarse del Mall que los de Megaplaza, puesto que saben ser consumidores recreativos, y con ello, subvertir la alta vigilancia del Mall. Este es un conocimiento práctico que van adquiriendo los usuarios, asociado a cierta posición de clase, relacionado a la ubicación socioespacial donde construyen su cotidianeidad. Si bien se concuerda con la literatura en que el Mall promueve la formación de ciudadanos consumidores, a su vez dicha experiencia es más compleja y ambigua de lo sugerido. Las desigualdades exceden la lógica acceso/exclusión, siendo necesario desarrollar categorías intermedias.
THE CURRENT AGRI-FOOD DILEMMA: IF THE CITY PROPOSES, DOES THE FARMLAND PROVIDE IT?
Authors: Di Giacomo Maria Gemma Grillotti , De Felice Pierluigi
Published: April 2021

For decades, the city has created food models by requiring the countryside to meet the growing demand with increasingly more homologated crop reconversions and increasingly vast and competitive farms. The current acceleration of the land concentration process and the dramatic experience of the COVID 19 pandemic have, however, forced us to redefine the city-country relationship, which has been called into question for some years now in various FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and EU (European Union) documents.  Based on the GECOAGRI-LANDITALY (Comparative Geography of Agricultural Areas European and non-European) survey itinerary, a proven tool for reading local peculiarities, the authors show how easy it is to recognize which farmlands can best fulfil the role of guaranteeing food safety and protecting the quality and typicality of traditional foods. The final proposal is to start a new agri-food policy that no longer starts from the demand formulated by the city but, reversing the direction of the old relationship, it starts from the availability of products offered by the countryside to re-educate consumption and promote the sustainability of agricultural practices.
Preclinical Evaluation of the Effect of Antioxidant N­-acetyl-D-Glucosamine on Haematinic Potentials of Lauha Bhasm and Mandura Bhasm
Authors: D. S Khobragade , M. S Potbhare , S. B Lote , K. S Pardeshi , S. B Wankhede , C. R Tenpe
Published: April 2021

The effect of antioxidant N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine on haematinic activity of two ayurvedic haematinic preparations Lauha bhasm and mandura bhasm was studied in albino rats. Anaemia was induced by administration of phenyl hydrazine (80 mg/kg for 24 hrs) by intra-peritoneal injection. Changes in body weight, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), haemoglobin (HB) concentration and haematocrit (HCT) were analysed as indices of anaemia. The mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) which are indicators of macrocytosis were calculated accordingly. Phenyl hydrazine induced a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the blood parameters indicating anaemia and also resulted to significant increase (P<0.05) in the macrocytosis parameter. Combination of bhasm with antioxidant induced a significant (P<0.05) increase in the RBC count, HBG concentration, and HCT% which had been originally decreased by phenylhydrazine administration. The macrocytosis also turned towards normal as the animals recovered from anaemic condition. The results obtained suggested that combination of antioxidant N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine with Lauha bhasm & mandura bhasm shows improved haematinic activity.
Burning Mouth Syndrome: A State of the Art Review for the Oral Healthcare Provider
Authors: Patil Pavan Manohar , Pavan Patil Seema
Published: April 2021

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a neurosensory disorder that affects the oral mucosa by causing a burning or stinging pain of varying degrees in different individuals. It is difficult to diagnose the condition as it does appear in conjunction with any clinical or laboratory abnormalities. The psychological and psychiatric issues involved along with the oral symptoms make oral healthcare provision in such individuals a challenging task. This review presents the oral healthcare provider an insight into the peculiar nature of BMS and the oral healthcare management of patients with BMS.
Biochemical Analysis of the Differential Tissue Expression of Heat Shock Protein70 Following Exposure to Electromagnetic
Authors: Al-Nazwani Nasser , Siddiqi Najam , Tamimi Yahya , Sheikh Zoya
Published: April 2021

Low field electromagnetic radiation that is emitted from cell phones may induce morphological aberrations and change in gene expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70). Using Real Time PCR (RTPCR) and protein concentration methods, we studied changes in levels of Hsp70 mRNA and protein synthesis after exposure to the physical stimulus. We also evaluated the suitability of using chick embryo as a model to study alteration in heat shock proteins expression and translation using specific egg incubator set up. Zero-day fertilized chicken eggs were used and a popular mobile phone and service provider was selected with 1800 MHz frequency, power of 0.47 W/kg body and SAR 1.10 w/KG (head). The total daily exposure duration was 50 minutes in each 24 hours with variable maximum exposure time. Experimental samples were divided into controls with no exposure and experimental samples. The developing embryos were removed and different organs were isolated for estimation of Hsp70mRNA and protein. This physical stimulus caused a sequential increase of mRNA corresponding to the period of exposure. Liver tissue demonstrated higher levels of mRNA than heart tissue. Nonetheless, this increase in mRNA was not matched with an increase in the amount of protein of the corresponding mRNA in both tissues at different exposure times. Total protein in all tissues remained unchanged due to slow down of the clearance process and as an indication that the cell is struggling to preserve housekeeping proteins signaling attempt of survival.
Flora da Bahia: Onagraceae
Authors: Sousa Nelma Xavier Marques , Vieira Ana Odete Santos , Aona Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme
Published: April 2021

The flora of Onagraceae is presented for the Bahia State, Brazil. Twenty native species are recognized in two genera. Fuchsia, represented only by F. regia, is reported for the first time in the State. The genus Ludwigia presented 19 species, seven of which are new occurrences for Bahia: L. affinis, L. brachyphylla, L. elegans, L. decurrens, L. quadrangularis, L. sericea and L. torulosa. Identification keys, descriptions and comments for taxa as well as photos and distribution maps for species in the state are presented.
Mit agilen Blended Learning-Methoden erfolgreich durch die Pandemie: Was Unternehmen von den Hochschulen lernen können
Authors: Kätzel Charlotte , Durst Carolin
Published: April 2021

Die Corona-Krise hat immer noch massive Auswirkungen auf das Gros der gesellschaftlichen Bereiche – auch auf den der schulischen und universitären Bildung. In diesem Zusammenhang gab es bereits vielfältige Diskussionen in deren Rahmen dem deutschen Bildungssektor häufig angekreidet wurde, er sei nicht in der Lage, einer Pandemie dieses Ausmaßes derzeit eine adäquate Reaktion entgegenzusetzen, die nicht nur den Schutz der Lernenden, sondern auch deren schulisches bzw. universitäres Vorankommen sicherstellt.

Dabei mangelt es den Bildungseinrichtungen angesichts der Umsetzung einer funktionierenden digitalen Lehre oft nicht nur an einer geeigneten IT-Infrastruktur, sondern auch an entsprechend ausgebildeten Dozenten sowie den richtigen didaktischen Methoden und Tools.

Dass digitales Lehren, Lernen und Zusammenarbeiten aber auch funktionieren kann, zeigt dieser Beitrag anhand des Beispiels des neuen Master-Studiengangs Digital Marketing an der Hochschule Ansbach für angewandte Wissenschaften. Mit der Hilfe von agilen Blended Learning Methoden konnte der Studiengang nicht nur erfolgreich trotz der Erschwernisse des Corona-Wintersemesters 2020/21 eingeführt werden, sondern auch eine sichere und effektive Lehr-Lern-Situation für die Studierenden und Lehrenden etabliert werden. Digitale Vorträge, Workshops und Präsentationen sind auch für Unternehmen zum New Normal geworden. Wie Unternehmen von den die angewandten Strategien und eingesetzten Tools der Hochschule Ansbach profitieren können, zeigt dieser Beitrag.
Seroprevalence of chikungunya virus infection among HIV-infected adults in French Caribbean Islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe in 2015: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Curlier Elodie , Fagour Laurence , Herrmann-Storck Cécile , Staelen Adrien , Vingadassalom Ingrid , Breurec Sébastien , Abel Sylvie , Pierre-François Sandrine , Jean-Marie Janick , Laouénan Cédric , Césaire Raymond , Hoen Bruno , Cabié André
Published: April 2021

Background

In 2014, a first outbreak of chikungunya hit the Caribbean area where chikungunya virus (CHIKV) had never circulated before.

Methodology/Principal findings

We conducted a cross-sectional study to measure the seroprevalence of CHIKV immediately after the end of the 2014 outbreak in HIV-infected people followed up in two clinical cohorts at the University hospitals of Guadeloupe and Martinique. Study patients were identified during the first months of 2015 and randomly selected to match the age and sex distribution of the general population in the two islands. They were invited to complete a survey that explored the symptoms consistent with chikungunya they could have developed during 2014 and to have a blood sample drawn for CHIKV serology.

The study population consisted of 377 patients (198 in Martinique and 179 in Guadeloupe, 178 men and 199 women), 182 of whom reported they had developed symptoms consistent with chikungunya. CHIKV serology was positive in 230 patients, which accounted for an overall seroprevalence rate of 61% [95%CI 56–66], with only 153 patients who reported symptoms consistent with chikungunya. Most frequent symptoms included arthralgia (94.1%), fever (73.2%), myalgia (53.6%), headache (45.8%), and skin rash (26.1%).

Conclusions/Significance

This study showed that the seroprevalence of CHIKV infection was 61% after the 2014 outbreak, with one third of asymptomatic infections.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT 02553369.
Knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perception of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Turkish health care workers
Authors: Arslanca Tufan , Fidan Cihan , Daggez Mine , Dursun Polat
Published: April 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak spread to over 100 countries with a total of 100,000 cases during the first week of March 2020. Health care workers, as those on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic, are more susceptible to infection. Inadequate related knowledge and preventive behaviors among health care workers might lead to delayed treatment and result in the rapid spread of the infection. Therefore, this study evaluated the knowledge of health care workers with regard to COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 10–18, 2020. Participants were general practitioners, specialists, and nurses working at the forefront of the pandemic. Their knowledge, preventive behaviors, and risk perceptions concerning COVID-19 were evaluated using an online questionnaire created by our medical specialists. The questionnaire consisted of 29, 5, and 4 items about COVID-19 knowledge, preventive behaviors, and risk perceptions, respectively. A total of 251 health care workers completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 33.88±8.72 years old, and the sample consisted of 68 males (27.08%) and 183 females (72.91%). While there was no difference between the percentage of correct answers given by female and male participants to knowledge-based questions (p>0.05), the percentage of correct answers to the questions on preventive behaviors was significantly higher in female participants than in males (p<0.001). The overall average percentages of correct responses were 91.66% for knowledge-based questions and 85.96% for preventive behavior questions. The scores for knowledge-based questions were higher for medical specialists, whereas nurses scored higher on preventive behavior questions. Government hospital staff showed a significant difference in preventive behaviors compared to that of university hospitals (p<0.05). In addition, there was a positive correlation between knowledge scores and preventive behaviors. Although all the participants (100%) knew that contracting COVID-19 can lead to death, only 66.93% of them were willing to get vaccinated themselves. The knowledge level of health care workers concerning COVID-19 was above 90%, but the level of competence in terms of preventive behaviors was found to be low, especially in males.
A fenomenologia e a história de vida
Authors: Brancatti Paulo Roberto , Portela Rinaldi Renata
Published: April 2021

A Fenomenologia e a História de Vida

Resumo: A fenomenologia é uma corrente filosófica, caracterizada pelo estudo aprofundado de um determinado fenômeno, pois, a priori, o que se apresenta à mente das pessoas, vem em forma difusa ou em forma de aparência. Compreendendo-a em uma perspectiva que prioriza o ser-no-mundo, contextualizado com sua história, cultura, linguagem e movimento humano. Em vista disso, o presente artigo pretende compreender o entrecruzamento da fenomenologia e do método de História de vida, com intuito de vislumbrar a contribuições para o processo educacional e suas nuances pelas ciências de forma dialética com as contradições do sujeito em relação a sua formação acadêmica.Palavras-chave: Fenomenologia. História de vida. Formação de professor.

Phenomenology and the history of life

Abstract: Phenomenology is a philosophical current, characterized by the depth study of a certain phenomenon, because, mainly, what appears to people’s mind, comes in a diffuse form or in the form of appearance. Comprehending it in a perspective that prioritizes the being-in-the-world, contextualized with its history, culture, language and human movement. Because of it, this article intends to understand the intertwining of the phenomenology and the method of Life history, with the intention of gleaming contributions to the educational process and its nuances by the sciences in dialectical form with the contradictions of the subject in relation to his academic formation.Keywords: Phenomenology. Life's history. Teacher training.

La fenomenología y la historia de vida

Resumen: La fenomenología es una corriente filosófica, caracterizada por el estudio profundo de un determinado fenómeno, ya que, principalmente, lo que parece a la mente de las personas, se presenta en forma difusa o en forma de apariencia. Comprenderlo en una perspectiva que prioriza el ser en el mundo, contextualizado con su historia, cultura, lenguaje y movimiento humano. Por ello, este artículo pretende comprender el entrelazamiento de la fenomenología y el método de la historia de la vida, con la intención de aportar contribuciones al proceso educativo y sus matices de las ciencias en forma dialéctica con las contradicciones del tema en relación con su formación académica.Palabras clave: Fenomenología. La historia de la vida. Formación del profesorado.

Data de registro: 16/06/2020Data de aceite: 26/11/2020
Myśleć fantastyką. Przez science fiction do posthumanizmu
Authors: Gajewska Grażyna
Published: April 2021

The author presents the thesis that fantastic literature and film, especially in the science fiction variant, is a privileged form of expression in posthumanist discourse. The themes, motifs and protagonists of science fiction are invoked in various contexts by Donna J. Haraway, Rosi Braidotti, Luciana Parisi, and Pramod K. Nayar. The author analyzes various areas of the involvement and usage of science fiction in posthumanist discourse: on the ontological, axiological and epistemological levels.
Fantastyka naukowa w polskim piśmiennictwie krytycznofilmowym przełomu lat pięćdziesiątych i sześćdziesiątych XX wieku
Authors: Dudziński Robert
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the Polish reception of science-fiction cinema; the statements of film critics from 1956–1965 were analysed. During this period, science fiction, previously absent from the screens of Polish cinemas for ideological and censorship reasons, returned to the repertoire and became the subject of press discussions and reviews. The analysis of articles devoted to this genre and published at the time allows reconstruction of the cultural context in which science-fiction productions operated. The article consists of three main parts. In the first of these, the author describes which science fiction films were present in Polish cinemas at the turn of the 1950s and 1960s. In the second part, he analyses press statements devoted to the history and aesthetics of the genre. The subject under consideration in the third part is the reception of two productions, which at the time enjoyed the greatest interest from contemporary critics: Godzilla (Gojira, 1954, dir. Ishirō Honda) and The Silent Star (Der schweigende Stern 1960, dir. Kurt Maetzig).
Rozwój filmowych adaptacji komiksów – „kino superbohaterskie” jako gatunek
Authors: Czyżak Krzysztof
Published: April 2021

This article is an attempt to consider superhero movies as a developing genre of popular cinema. The theory is based on Rick Altman’s “Semantic/Syntactic/Pragmatic” approach to genre. It tries to capture features of superhero blockbusters and their main themes – the most distinctive trait of this genre, according to the author of the text, is supposed to be the relationship between an individual, their “power” and society. The text is both an extension of and a counter-proposal to conclusions made by Tomasz Żaglewski in Kinowe uniwersum superbohaterów.
Problemy terminologiczne w glottodydaktyce – źródła, przykłady, konsekwencje
Authors: Aleksandrzak Magdalena
Published: April 2021

The present paper discusses selected terminological problems typical of the field of foreign language teaching and learning. The discussion concentrates on several terms commonly used in various glottodidactic debates, namely: competence, communication, interaction, discourse, authenticity and individual differences. The article attempts to indicate the sources of inconsistencies in the terminology, offers several examples and interpretations of these terms in questions from the relevant literature, and determines potential consequences. The aim of the paper is also to indicate areas of glottodidactic research which may be particularly sensitive to such terminological confusion and to stress the necessity of identifying the theoretical perspective and defining the terms central to the particular research project or discussion.
Czasowniki współczesnego śląskiego języka literackiego (płaszczyzna semantyczna, etymologiczna i morfologiczna)
Authors: Jaroszewicz Henryk
Published: April 2021

The article provides the characteristics and classification of the most frequentative verbs and verb phrases used in contemporary Silesian literature. It has been established that the largest number of the studied forms is related to the different ways people physically influence the reality that surrounds them and mental processes (i.e. cognitive, evaluative and descriptive ones). The lexical diversity between Polish standard lexis and Silesian literary usage amounts to fifty-eight percent. What influences this diversity is the presence of words of German and Czech origin which amount to almost a tenth of the Silesian lexicon. Slightly less than half of the verbs are derived forms, in the vast majority formed through prefixation, aspect suffixation and postfixation. The semantic and morphological structure of the studied verb forms demonstrates a farreaching intellectualisation and formal complexity of the Silesian lexicon.
Nazwy sekwatywne w Słowniku języka polskiego Samuela Bogumiła Lindego nienotowane w Słowniku polszczyzny XVI wieku
Authors: Michalska-Górecka Paulina
Published: April 2021

The article aims to discuss the names of Reformation-related religious dissenters included in Samuel Bogumił Linde’s Słownik języka polskiego (Polish language dictionary) which are not listed in Słownik polszczyzny XVI wieku (16th-century Polish language dictionary). The analysis of the material shows that Linde’s dictionary is a valuable, multi-layer complement to the sixteenth-century vocabulary listed inSłownik polszczyzny XVI wieku in the area of names of Reformation-related religious dissenters. First, Linde records sixteenth-century vocabulary related to the religious fractions of the time that is missing from Słownik polszczyzny XVI wieku even though it was in use at the time. Importantly, whenever he provides the source of a given lexeme, it is rarely from the sixteenth century. The lexicon also includes feminine forms of believers missing from Słownik polszczyzny XVI wieku that originated from the masculine forms listed in both dictionaries. Finally, Linde’s work presents the evolution of each religion and the emergence of new fractions, especially in the Orthodox Churchand post-Reformation churches, hence it includes the names of believers of religions that emerged after the sixteenth century.
Z prac nad edycją Diariusza legationis JWJMci Pana Strażnika Wielkiego Koronnego odprawionej roku 1732
Authors: Rzepka Michał
Published: April 2021

In this article, the author merely indicates the selected results of the work on the edition of Diariusz legationis JWJMci Pana Strażnika Wielkiego Koronnego odprawionej roku 1732 (The diary of the 1732 diplomatic journey of Crown Great Guard) kept in the archives of Adam Mickiewicz University Library in Poznań. The research carried out in order to prepare the editorial work presented in this article was focused on the authenticity, source and the author of the text. The analysed diary is a late-eighteenthor early-nineteenth-century copy of an earlier version made between 1744 and 1826 – which is when it was acquired for the library of Czerniejewo-Radomice owned by the Skórzewski Counts. It was dated as a result of research that covered such issues as the paper it was written on, the watermarks in it and the entries describing its origin. The copy was made in a manor, most likely in Waplewo Wielkie owned by the Sierakowski family of the Ogończyk coat of arms. It has been determined that apart from the copy kept in the University Library in Poznań and a related record of the diplomatic journey published in Kuryer Polski (Polish Courier) from 1732 to 1733, there were at least two versions of the text: a diary included in the collection of Waplewo library and the original it was a copy of, which could be both the diary and additional documents and letters related to the diplomatic journey.
Market study on parents’ demands regarding sports choices for their children
Authors: Strava Cristian-Cosmin
Published: April 2021

Introduction:The field of sports nowadays experiences a continuous development, both from the sports performance and social perspective, transitioning from a free time activity to a complex industry. On this growth trend where more and more people practice sports a large sports services market has developed, which brought a new applicability for marketing in this area of consumption.

The efficiency of a new marketing policy with regard to a sports entity depends on the importance given to consumer’s needs. By studying the consumer’s behavior one understands identifying the ways the consumer comes to a decision when deciding how to spend available resources (time, money, effort) in the acquisition and consumption process.

Aim: Sports clubs, especially the private ones, are in a continuous competition on the sports services market, we decided to identify the demand and needs of parents in Timisoara when it comes to choosing a sports activity for their children.

Methods:We obtained the information necessary for carrying out this market study based on a questionnaire. The research took place in Timisoara throughout the year 2016, and a number of 217 parents having children that were enrolled in seven different private sports clubs were included in the study, our target being sports games.

Results:The results help in highlighting the needs and demand of sports consumers, offering information about the amount of money parents are willing to pay, the number of weekly training sessions, the day and location for the activities, the best advertising etc. With these data we hope that sports managers can implement new marketing strategies, having a more detailed vision on the target group.
Al-Haq: A Global History of the First Palestinian Human Rights Organization
Authors: Welchman Lynn
Published: April 2021

Established in Ramallah in 1979, al-Haq was the first Palestinian human rights organization and one of the first such organizations in the Arab world. This inside history explores how al-Haq initiated methodologies in law and practice that were ahead of its time and that proved foundational for many strands of today’s human rights work in Palestine and elsewhere. Lynn Welchman looks at both al-Haq’s history and legacy to explore such questions as: Why would one set up a human rights organization under military occupation? How would one go about promoting the rule of law in a Palestinian society deleteriously served by the law and with every reason to distrust those charged with implementing its protections? How would one work to educate overseas allies and activate international law in defense of Palestinian rights? This revelatory story speaks to the practice of local human rights organizations and their impact on international groups.
Insistent Life: Principles for Bioethics in the Jain Tradition
Authors: Donaldson Brianne , Bajželj Ana
Published: April 2021

Jainism, perhaps more so than any other South Asian tradition, focuses strongly on the ethics of birth, life, and death, with regard to both humans and other living beings. Insistent Life is the first full-length interdisciplinary examination of the foundational principles of bioethics within Jain doctrine and the application of those principles in the contemporary sphere. Brianne Donaldson and Ana Bajželj analyze a diverse range of Jain texts and contemporary sources to identify Jain perspectives on bioethical issues while highlighting the complexity of their personal, professional, and public dimensions. The book also features extensive original data based on an international survey the authors conducted with Jain medical professionals in India and diaspora communities of North America, Europe, and Africa.
HIRA contributes to zygote formation in mice and is implicated in human 1PN zygote phenotype
Authors: Smith Rowena , Pickering Sue J , Kopakaki Anna , Thong K J , Anderson Richard A , Lin Chih-Jen
Published: April 2021

Elucidating the mechanisms underpinning fertilisation is essential to optimising IVF procedures. One of the critical steps involves paternal chromatin reprogramming, in which compacted sperm chromatin packed by protamines is removed by oocyte factors and new histones, including histone H3.3, are incorporated. HIRA is the main H3.3 chaperone governing this protamine-to-histone exchange. Failure of this step results in abnormally fertilised zygotes containing only one pronucleus (1PN), in contrast to normal two-pronuclei (2PN) zygotes. 1PN zygotes are frequently observed in IVF treatments, but the genotype-phenotype correlation remains elusive. We investigated the maternal functions of two other molecules of the HIRA complex, Cabin1 and Ubn1, in mouse. Loss-of-function Cabin1 and Ubn1 mouse models were developed: their zygotes displayed an abnormal 1PN zygote phenotype. We then studied human 1PN zygotes and found that the HIRA complex was absent in 1PN zygotes that lacked the male pronucleus. This shows that the role of the HIRA complex in male pronucleus formation potentially has coherence from mice to humans. Furthermore, rescue experiments in mouse showed that the abnormal 1PN phenotype derived from Hira mutants could be resolved by overexpression of HIRA. We have demonstrated that HIRA complex regulates male pronucleus formation in mice and is implicated in humans, that both CABIN1 and UBN1 components of the HIRA complex are equally essential for male pronucleus formation, and that rescue is feasible.
Habitar el barrio en medio del desarraigo: miradas juveniles en el Centro-Sur de Bogotá
Authors: Joya Valbuena Daniela
Published: April 2021

Este artículo presenta el análisis sobre las formas en que un grupo de jóvenes se vincula con sus barrios en el Centro-Sur de Bogotá. Al comprender el habitar como un proceso central en la construcción de subjetividades, se revisa críticamente el contexto contemporáneo marcado por la individualización y el desarraigo desde las maneras en que estos sujetos han introyectado dichos discursos en su experiencia cotidiana. Con ello queda planteada una serie de retos para pensar la cohesión y la apropiación del espacio urbano en medio de una época caracterizada por la fragmentación social. La metodología de la investigación se sustentó en una perspectiva cualitativa que permitió conocer los relatos de las y los jóvenes y a partir de allí, comprender sus principales encuentros, desencuentros y configuraciones simbólicas sobre su contexto espacial.
Integración social en el entorno construido: un abordaje desde Quito
Authors: Parrado Rodríguez Cristhian
Published: April 2021

La literatura sobre integración social supone que determinadas características del entorno construido pueden mediar la interacción entre grupos sociales distintos. Para ubicarse en este debate el artículo cuestiona cómo se experimenta socialmente la presencia de barreras y artificios de distanciamiento en áreas con mezcla social. Para ello se explora un caso de estudio en el noroccidente de la ciudad de Quito, donde recientemente se generó una alianza intergrupal entre sus residentes para oponerse a un proyecto público de movilidad. Un trabajo de campo de seis meses revela que esta integración alteró la forma en como los grupos perciben su entorno a través de sus vínculos sociales. De esta manera, el artículo invita a pensar que los acercamientos sociales y algunas respuestas intergrupales a problemas comunes inciden positivamente en la disminución de las fronteras materiales, aspectos que suelen verse como características rígidas del espacio construido en las áreas de mezcla social.
Territorios de expansión y espacio urbano: el caso de los corredores litorales del Gran Santa Fe (1980-2018)
Authors: Szupiany Estefanía
Published: April 2021

La forma lineal de expansión en torno a vías de circulación vehicular se convirtió en uno de los patrones dominantes del crecimiento urbano contemporáneo. Devenida en objeto de estudio, nos referimos a esta forma lineal bajo la denominación de Corredores de Expansión Urbana, en tanto unidades espaciales de investigación histórica y prospectiva. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en echar luz sobre este modo particular de habitar lo urbano, examinando la materialización del entorno construido junto con los desaciertos de la política pública urbana y sus desafíos. Para ello, se analiza el caso de una ciudad media de América Latina (Santa Fe, Argentina), cuyo crecimiento adquirió formas lineales en un entorno fluvial complejo. Se parte de un posicionamiento teórico y conceptual que propone revisar la noción de espacio urbano, para luego examinar –a la luz de esta mirada renovada– el caso de estudio propuesto; en particular, sus Corredores Litorales. Las discusiones apuntan a problematizar las intervenciones –sobre todo, en materia vial– de las políticas públicas urbanas en la configuración espacial de los CEU, como así también a considerar los desafíos que estos nuevos modos de habitar el territorio plantean a la planificación urbana.
ENHANCED ANTICANCER POTENCY OF GEMCITABINE IN COMBINATION WITH PROPOFOL IN PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: AYDIN KARATAŞ Elanur , BAYINDIRLI Kübra
Published: April 2021

For this purpose, the use of anesthetic agents is considered as a new alternative. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of propofol which is an intravenous anesthetic on its own and simultaneously with gemcitabine were investigated on human prostate cancer brain metastasis DU145 and bone metastasis PC3 cells at both cellular and molecular levels. In the first stage of our study, toxic doses of these agents were determined by using the CVDK-8 and lactate dehydrogenase release test. In the following phases, TAC and TOS analyzes were performed to determine the biochemical effects of these agents on cell lines, and also western blot analysis was used to show the inhibition of important oncogenic PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in cells treated with these agents. Propofol was found to increase the effectiveness of gemcitabine in both cells. When propofol and gemcitabine were administered simultaneously at high concentrations, they reduced cell viability and increased LDH activity. According to the results obtained from the western blot analysis, the combination of these two agents was found to lead to synergistic inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Quality of life and changes in the social dimension of hematopoietic stem cell transplants recipients
Authors: Machado Celina Angélica Mattos , Marques Angela da Costa Barcellos , Nogueira Luciana de Alcantara , Lenhani Bruna Eloise , Felix Jorge Vinicius Cestari , Guimarães Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt , Kalinke Luciana Puchalski
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess/correlate health-related quality of life with the social dimension of hematopoietic, autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplant patients in the three years post-transplant. Methods: longitudinal, observational study with 55 patients, in a reference hospital in Latin America, from September 2013 to February 2019, using the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core and Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy Bone Marrow Transplantation. Results: A total of 71% underwent allogeneic transplantation. The social dimension had low averages since the baseline stage (55, 21) and low scores (56) for quality of life in pancytopenia. There was a significant positive correlation between social dimension, quality of life in pancytopenia (p<0.01) and follow-up after hospital discharge (p<0.00). There is a significant difference (p<0.00) throughout the stages, however, not in terms of the type of transplant (p>0.36/0.86). Conclusions: patients with better assessments in the social dimension have a better quality of life. Interventions focusing on the multidimensionality of the quality of life construct are necessary.
Activity limitations in leprosy and their association to cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms
Authors: Amaral Luana Karen dos Santos , Felippe Lilian Assunção , Gonçalves Gláucia Helena , Christofoletti Gustavo
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze activity limitations in patients with leprosy and their association to cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Methods: this cross-sectional design study included sixty patients with multibacillary leprosy assisted at a reference center. Participants were divided according to their physical disability and submitted to instruments assessing daily activities (basic and instrumental), cognitive functions, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The order of the instruments was random to avoid any interference of test sequence on the results. Results: fifty-five percent of the participants presented physical disabilities. All patients were independent in performing basic activities but sixty-six percent presented difficulties in performing instrumental activities. Cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms were seen in advanced stages of the disease, but they were more associated to patient age than to leprosy. Conclusions: leprosy patients presented physical disabilities and difficulties in performing instrumental daily activities. Cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms were more associated to aging than to leprosy itself.
Infection factors related to nursing procedures in Intensive Care Units: a scoping review
Authors: Paiva Renilly de Melo , Ferreira Larissa de Lima , Bezerril Manaces dos Santos , Chiavone Flavia Tavares Barreto , Salvador Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira , Santos Viviane Euzebia Perreira
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify and map the invasive procedures performed by nursing that can cause Healthcare-Associated Infections in patients in Intensive Care Units. Methods: this is a scoping review carried out in the first half of 2018, based on search for studies in national and international databases, in which 2,209 studies were found, of which 35 constituted the final sample. The data were analyzed and organized by simple descriptive statistics. Results: among the invasive procedures performed by nursing that provide Healthcare-Associated Infections, delayed bladder catheter was indicated in 34 (66.67%) studies, the nasogastric catheter in 10 (19.61%) and the nasoenteral catheter in two (03.92%). Conclusions: in the face of such problems, better nursing planning and guidance for care in these invasive techniques becomes relevant and thus minimizes the incidence of infections.
Momento de Irrigar a Cultura de Amendoim Utilizando a Termometria a Infravermelho
Authors: Turco José Eduardo Pitelli , Vieira Ana Carla Nogueira Tobias
Published: April 2021

Resumo O uso de índices de estresse hídrico nas fases de desenvolvimento da cultura pode atuar como uma ferramenta essencial no manejo da irrigação. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar o momento ideal de irrigar a cultura do amendoim, por meio de índices de estresse hídrico utilizando-se a termometria a infravermelho. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, situada a 22°15’22” S, 48°18’58” W, e altitude de 575 m, em uma “Bacia Hidrográfica Experimental”, utilizando superfícies com diferentes declividades (0%, 20% e 40%) e exposições solares (Norte, Sul, Leste e Oeste), sob déficit hídrico induzido. O solo da área experimental é o LE1, Vermelho-Escuro, eutrófico, A moderado, caulinítico, hipoférrico, textura argilosa, relevo suave ondulado (Eutrustox). O índice de estresse hídrico foi determinado por meio da medição da temperatura da cobertura vegetal e do ar ambiente. A rega foi realizada utilizando-se sistema de irrigação por gotejamento. Os resultados indicam que o momento de irrigar difere para cada fase de desenvolvimento do amendoim, em uma faixa entre 1,3 °C até 3,3 °C. A superfície mantida na capacidade de campo obteve menor índice de estresse hídrico (-1,4 °C).
FAMILY LEARNING DEMANDS ABOUT POST-NATAL NEWBORN CARE
Authors: Santos Andressa Silva Torres dos , Góes Fernanda Garcia Bezerra , Ledo Beatriz Cabral , Silva Liliane Faria da , Bastos Mayara Pacheco da Conceição , Silva Maria da Anunciação
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the learning demands of puerperal women and their families about postnatal newborn care based on their knowledge and practices. Method this is a qualitative research developed through the Dynamis of Concrete of the Sensitive Creative Method, with 19 puerperal women and families of low-risk newborns, in a municipal hospital in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March to June 2019. Data were submitted to lexicographic analysis using the software IRaMuTeQ. Results different families’ knowledge and practices regarding postnatal newborn care were identified, in addition to different learning demands related to newborns’ body hygiene, including bathing and handling the umbilical stump, and nutrition, in relation to breastfeeding and use of artificial nipples. Conclusion health professionals, including nurses, need to develop dialogical educational practices based on families’ learning demands, from prenatal care, going through the discharge process in the maternity hospital, until post-discharge in primary care, aiming at promoting safe and quality care for newborns.
Kurmacanın İnşası
Authors: YALÇIN Emre
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada Oğuz Arıcı'nın yeni çıkan kitabı "Kurmacanın İnşası" incelenecektir.Arıcı’nın dramatik yazarlık derslerinin ve tiyatro kuramı, felsefe, tarih, edebiyat, dilbilim gibi birçok disiplin arasındaki okumalarının bir uzantısı olarak şekillenen kitap, sadece oyun yazarları için değil, oyuncular, yönetmenler, dramaturglar, hatta sinema, roman, öykü ve şiir sanatlarıyla ilgilenenler için de kafa açıcı bir kaynak niteliği taşıyor
SARS-CoV-2 NCBI submission protocol: SRA, BioSample, and BioProject v2
Authors: Timme Ruth , Griffiths Emma , MacCannell Duncan , Katz Lee
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE: This is a SARS-CoV-2 specific protocol that covers the steps needed to establish a new NCBI submission environment for your laboratory, including the creation of new BioProject(s) and submission groups. Once these are step up, the protocol then walks through the process for submitting raw reads to SRA and sample metadata to BioSample through the Submission portal. For new submitters, there's quite a bit of groundwork that needs to be established before a laboratory can start its first data submission. We recommend that one person in the laboratory take a few days to get everything set up in advance of when you expect to do your first data submission. If you need a pipeline for frequent or large volume submissions, follow Step 1 in the SARS-CoV-2 NCBI submission protocol: SRA, BioSample, and BioProject to get your NCBI submission environment established, then contact gb-admin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov to set up an account for submitting through the API. These protocols cover submission using NCBI's Submission Portal web-interface. Complete in order (1 then 2): 1. SARS-CoV-2 NCBI submission protocol: SRA, BioSample, and BioProject (included protocol) Step-by-step instructions for establishing a new NCBI laboratory submission account and for creating and linking a new BioProject to an existing umbrella effort. SARS-CoV-2 raw data submission to SRA (Sequence Read Archive) and metadata to BioSample. 2. SARS-CoV-2 NCBI consensus submission protocol: GenBank Required: established BioProject and BioSamples Submit SARS-CoV-2 assemblies to NCBI GenBank, linking to existing BioProject, BioSamples, and raw data. Metadata templates, explained! SOP for populating NCBI submission templates
Yield of good steel at metallurgical plants of the world depending on large-dispersed precipitation
Authors: Podkur S. V. , Kotelnikov G. I. , Pavlov A. V. , Movenko D. A.
Published: April 2021

The moisture in the environment influences the formation of defects in steel and the yield of suitable metal products. However, no numerical dependence of the yield at a metallurgical enterprise on climatic and weather conditions, in particular, on coarse precipitation, has yet been proposed. A significant difference in the yield of steel grades suitable for various groups is shown on days without atmospheric precipitation, with precipitation and during the day after rain. For low-alloy steels, the yield of a suitable continuously cast billet during periods with precipitation is 11.3% lower than on days without precipitation; for high-alloy grades, this difference reaches 16.5%. Based on the annual reports of metallurgical companies, a database has been formed on the average annual output of suitable metal products at various plants around the world. The quantitative dependence of the yield at the enterprise on the number of days in a year with coarse precipitation (rain, snow) and the uneven distribution of these precipitation over the year has been obtained. Coarse precipitation significantly affects the level of yield of suitable metal products at a metallurgical enterprise. With an increase in the number of days with precipitation per year by one day, the level of waste and sorting at the enterprise increases by 0.087%. The increase in the unevenness of atmospheric precipitation per unit leads to an increase in waste and sorting by 0.822%. If the climatic factor is taken into account when forming a strategy for the development of metallurgy in the country, then it is possible to achieve a greater effect for the development of the economy in comparison with other states that do not take this factor into account.