bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exposure to occupational carcinogens and risk of lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Thakur J.S. , Rana Anjali , Kaur Rajbir , Malhotra Samir
Published: October 2023

Asbestos, silica, chromium (Cr), and nickel are among the most common and serious occupational hazards to worker’s health. Although its association with lung cancer has been studied for many decades, the conclusion remains somewhat controversial. The objective was to review and summarize the epidemiological evidence on the relationship between occupational exposure and risk of lung cancer and to provide an update on this major occupational health concern. Eligible studies up to September 1, 2021 were identified. Pooled effect estimates were calculated according to the reported outcome and the study design. Cohort, cross-sectional, and case control were examined separately. Studies reporting standardized mortality ratio (SMR), standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and odds ratio (OR) were analyzed separately. Due to the significant amount of heterogeneity expected, random effects models were implemented. Subgroup analysis was performed in an attempt to explain heterogeneity. The risk of lung cancer was found to be elevated in among the included studies. The pooled SMR was 1.55 (1.44–1.68). The pooled SIR was 1.55 (1.37–1.75). The pooled OR was 1.29 (1.22–1.37). After doing subgroup analysis for different carcinogens, the pooled SMR of asbestos, silica, and Cr is 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.53–1.96), 1.16 (95% CI 0.99–1.36), 1.76 (95% CI 1.43–2.17), respectively. For nickel, there was only one study. The risk estimates in each category were highly statistically significant (P < 0.00001). A positive exposure-response relation was found between exposure and risk of lung cancer. The results of our meta-analysis supported the carcinogenic role of silica, asbestos, Cr and nickel on the lungs, which was more pronounced at higher levels of exposure. The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis reinforce the urgent need for robust monitoring of the exposure to occupational health risks and evaluation of the evidence supporting causal effects for each occupational risk-outcome pair.
Can a self-risk assessment tool improve knowledge of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases? Use of a novel tool among people living with HIV in Kenya
Authors: Onyango Susan Atieno , de Kiev Laurent A. Cleenewerck , Bamidele Moyosola , Bwesigye Denis Akankunda
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims:

There is a high prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), low knowledge of the risk factors, a weak surveillance system, and no known tool for patient self-risk assessment in resource-limited settings. The study assessed the contribution of a novel tool for the improvement of the knowledge level of NCD risk factors.

Methodology:

This intervention study in a primary health-care facility in Kenya involved 1595 people living with HIV (PLHIV) aged 18–69 years. The study developed a tool based on NCD risk factors and used it as educational material. Baseline data were collected using the World Health Organization step-wise approach to surveillance.

Results:

The median age in years (interquartile range) was 41 (25–50), and females were 65.9%. The ability to conduct self-risk assessment rose from 2.1% to 57.1% after education. Knowledge of risk factors had a mean score of 0.9 and 0.3 for hypertension and diabetes, respectively, before education. Scores increased to 4.4 and 4.3, respectively, after the intervention. There was a significant difference in the means with a P = 0.00 after education.

Conclusion:

PLHIV in Kenya lacks knowledge of self-risk assessment and risk factors. The tool can improve knowledge of NCD risk factors. The integration of this tool into the routine HIV standard package of care is crucial as part of surveillance in preventing and controlling NCDs.
Uncovering the hidden epidemic: Prevalence and predictors of undiagnosed hypertension among older adults in India
Authors: Agrawal Ritik , Sinha Abhinav , Murmu Jogesh , Kanungo Srikanta , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: October 2023

Among all noncommunicable diseases, hypertension is the leading cause of death and also a major threat globally. Low-and middle-income countries such as India have higher rates of undiagnosed hypertension since majority of the hypertensive individuals are asymptomatic. This study aimed to estimate the burden of undiagnosed hypertension and its association with various factors using the SAGE Wave-2 dataset. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used and present as an adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 1516 (21.3% [95% CI: 20.4–22.3]) were found to have undiagnosed hypertension and higher predilection among urban females and increases with age. Regular screening is crucial to identify individuals with hypertension who remain undiagnosed, particularly as they get older.
Status of service delivery for major noncommunicable diseases at health facilities: Service availability and readiness assessment in Manimajra block, UT Chandigarh
Authors: Thakur J. S. , Nangia Ria
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

To attain the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, an urgent action is required, directed by the global action plan for prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) which contributed to 73% of worldwide deaths in 2017. The ability and limitations in primary care to meet the rising burden of NCDs remain unknown, nevertheless. The goal of this study was to evaluate the availability of primary health care facilities and their preparedness for NCDs in one block of UT Chandigarh.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 10 health facilities in Manimajra block of UT Chandigarh using the World Health Organization service availability and readiness assessment standard tool with local adaptations. We defined facility readiness along six domains: basic equipment, essential services, diagnostic capacity, NCD trainings, counseling services, and essential medicines. For each domain, an index as the mean score of items expressed as percentage was calculated.

Results:

The results highlight important gaps in service delivery that are obstacles to universal access to health services. Overall, among all health facilities offering service for NCDs, the availability of diagnosis and/or management of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, and cervical cancer were 89%, 77%, 44%, and 25%, respectively. Of all the health facilities that were providing screening or management of cervical cancer, none of them had all four items.

Conclusion:

The study found that the existing level of service preparedness and accessibility for NCDs at health-care institutions is inadequate and requires improvement. Some health facilities had poorer rankings as a result of inadequate drug supplies, a lack of skilled staff, and a lack of advice on NCD screening and treatment. Therefore, an emphasis on infrastructure, services, and health-care workers ready for NCD services is necessary to ensure efficacy.
Comparative study of efficacy and safety of cetirizine and bilastine in patients of chronic spontaneous urticaria: Open-label, randomized, parallel-group study
Authors: Sinha Vishakha V. , Kalikar Mrunalini Vinay , Mukhi Jayesh Ishwardas , Giradkar Akhil Bhagwan , Sontakke Smita
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Bilastine is a novel second-generation antihistaminic. Very few studies in Indian population have compared the safety and efficacy of bilastine with other second-generation antihistaminic like cetirizine. Hence, the present study was planned.

Materials and Methods:

This was a randomized, open-label comparative parallel group study conducted on 70 patients of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Patients either received cetirizine 10 mg or bilastine 20 mg once daily for 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was to find out the difference in the mean total symptom score (MTSS) at baseline and 6 weeks. The secondary endpoint was to find out changes in the scale of the number of wheals, change in pruritus scale, scale for size of wheal, change for interference of wheals with sleep, change in visual analog scale (VAS) for sedation, change in scale for intensity of erythema, and change in Scale for Extent of Skin Area Involvement (SESI).

Results:

Bilastine and cetirizine offer a significant reduction in MTSS, mean number of wheals, and mean pruritus scale at baseline to 1, 3, and 6 weeks. The mean difference in MTSS was significantly more in bilastine. Cetirizine showed a significant increase in VAS score for sedation as compared to bilastine. Both the drugs were well tolerated and safe. Adverse events like headache, gastric irritation, dryness of mouth, and sedation were more reported in cetirizine group.

Conclusion:

Bilastine was more efficacious than cetirizine in patients of CSU and the efficacy was seen earlier at 1 week, which was not seen in the cetirizine group.
Characteristics, attitudes, and the odds for positive attitude toward clinical trial: A study on Indonesian COVID-19 vaccine trial participants
Authors: Maharani Nani , Gustriawanto Nuvi , Nency Yetty M. , Mahati Endang , Yeremia Glenn F. , Anantyo Dimas T. , Hapsari Rebriarina , Mulyono Mulyono , Pramudo Setyo G. , Farhanah Nur
Published: October 2023

Aims:

This study was performed to understand the Indonesian population’s characteristics and the factors that contribute to a more positive attitude toward participation in a clinical trial.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 402 COVID-19 vaccine trial participants in Semarang, Indonesia, utilizing self-reporting questionnaires consisting of questions related to socio-demographic characteristics and statements in a 5-scaled Likert Scale to assess the attitude toward vaccine trial. The odds for positive attitude were analyzed using Ordinal Logistic Regression to obtain the odd-ratio and 95% confidence interval. The P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Most of the respondents were adults aged 22–64-year-old (89.30%), males (63.68%), married (77.61%), worked as an employee (59.70%), obtained information about the clinical trial from the Public Health Service (41.29%), had a low education level (40.80%), a low monthly income level (68.41%), with no previous participation in a clinical trial (90.80%). All respondents showed a good attitude toward the trial, with low education level, nonemployment status, fewer or no previous participation in clinical trials, and getting the information from the public health centers were the main predictors for better attitude toward vaccine trials.

Conclusion:

There was a positive attitude toward vaccine trials in the Indonesian population. The positive attitude could be driven by having a low education level, nonemployment status, fewer or no previous participation in the clinical trial, and getting information from public health centers.
The beneficial effects of conservative treatment with biofeedback and electrostimulation on pelvic floor disorders
Authors: Chen Mei-Chen , Lai Pei-Hsuan , Ding Dah-Ching
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) such as stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) can be managed through conservative treatments, such as conservative management involving biofeedback (BF) and electrostimulation. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of conservative treatments on PFDs.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Women with PFD who underwent 1–3 months of BF and electrostimulation between January 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021, were included in the study. BF treatment was administered using three sensors to monitor pelvic floor muscle activity, providing patients with immediate feedback and guidance on muscle exercises. One session lasted for 5–10 min. Electrostimulation treatment utilized a specially made pelvic belt with electrode sheets to stimulate and contract pelvic floor muscles passively. One session lasted for 15 min. Six therapies in 1 month were prescribed. Pre- and post-treatment Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) scores, including POP distress inventory 6 (POPDI-6), colorectal-anal distress inventory (CRAD-8), and urinary distress inventory 6 (UDI-6) scores, were compared. Subgroup analysis by age, menopause, body mass index (BMI), and child delivery mode was performed.

Results:

The study included 51 women with PFDs (SUI, POP, frequency or urgency or nocturia, and pain) treated with BF and electrostimulation, with a mean age of 49.94 ± 13.63 years. Sixteen patients (37.1%) were menopausal, with a mean menopause age of 50 ± 5.20 years. Twenty-six patients (68.4%) had a history of normal vaginal delivery. The mean PFDI-20 scores before and after treatment were 32.67 (standard deviation [SD] 10.05) and 25.99 (SD 9.61), respectively (P < 0.001). This decrease in scores reflected an improvement in subjective perceptions of symptoms and quality of life. The POPDI-6, CRAD-8, and UDI-6 scores significantly decreased after treatment. Subgroup analysis of scores change regarding age, menopause, BMI, and child delivery mode was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated the effectiveness of BF and electrostimulation for treating women with PFDs. The findings contributed to the understanding of treatment duration, patient characteristics, and the potential benefits of a multimodal approach. Moreover, the study’s diverse participant population and the use of validated outcome measures enhance the generalizability and scientific rigor of the findings.
Conormal homology of manifolds with corners
Authors: Schick Thomas , Velasquez Mario
Published: October 2023

Given a manifold with corners

X

, we associate to it the corner structure simplicial complex

\Sigma_X

. Its reduced K-homology is isomorphic to the K-theory of the

C^*

-algebra

\mathcal{K}_b(X)

of b-compact operators on

X

. Moreover, the homology of

\Sigma_X

is isomorphic to the conormal homology of

X

.

In this note, we construct for an arbitrary abstract finite simplicial complex

\Sigma

a manifold with corners

X

such that

\Sigma_X\cong\Sigma

. As a consequence, the homology and K-homology which occur for finite simplicial complexes also occur as conormal homology of manifolds with corners and as K-theory of their b-compact operators. In particular, these groups can contain torsion.
Symmetry Reduction of States I
Authors: Schmitt Philipp , Schötz Matthias
Published: October 2023

We develop a general theory of symmetry reduction of states on (possibly non-commutative) *-algebras that are equipped with a Poisson bracket and a Hamiltonian action of a commutative Lie algebra

g

. The key idea advocated for in this article is that the "correct" notion of positivity on a *-algebra

A

is not necessarily the algebraic one whose positive elements are the sums of Hermitian squares

a^* a

with

a \in A

, but can be a more general one that depends on the example at hand, like pointwise positivity on *-algebras of functions or positivity in a representation as operators. The notion of states (normalized positive Hermitian linear functionals) on

A

thus depends on this choice of positivity on

A

, and the notion of positivity on the reduced algebra

A_{red}

should be such that states on

A_{red}

are obtained as reductions of certain states on

A

. We discuss three examples in detail: Reduction of the *-algebra of smooth functions on a Poisson manifold

M

, which reproduces the coisotropic reduction of

M

; reduction of the Weyl algebra with respect to translation symmetry; and reduction of the polynomial algebra with respect to a U(1)-action.
Mini-Workshop: New Horizons in Motions in Random Media
Authors: Andres Sebastian , Biskup Marek , Faggionato Alessandra , Slowik Martin
Published: October 2023

The general topic of the mini-workshop
New Horizons in Motions in Random Media
was the study of random walks in random environments, both in their own right and in relation to stochastic homogenization and to models in statistical mechanics, in particular spin system. This is a subject at the intersection of probability, analysis and mathematical physics, and the workshop brought together leading researchers from those areas. While each of these areas has been quite active for decades with many remarkable breakthroughs obtained throughout the years, the workshop provided a unique opportunity to identify principal new objectives and initiate new collaborations.
Design and Analysis of Infectious Disease Studies
Authors: Colijn Caroline , Halloran M. Elizabeth , O'Neill Philip D. , Trapman Pieter
Published: October 2023

This was the sixth workshop on mathematical and statistical methods for the transmission of infectious diseases. Building on epidemiologic models which were the subject of earlier workshops, this workshop concentrated on disentangling who infected whom by analysing high-resolution genomic data of pathogens which are routinely collected during outbreaks. Following the trail of the small mutations which continuously occur in different places of pathogens’ genomes, mathematical tools and computational algorithms were used to reconstruct transmission trees and contact networks. In the past three years these methods were developed and used particularly in the context of the SARS-Cov-2 (Covid-19) pandemic.
A note on some non-local variational problems
Authors: Carazzato Davide
Published: October 2023

We study two non-local variational problems that are characterized by the presence of a Riesz-like repulsive term that competes with an attractive term. The first functional is defined on the subsets of the Euclidean space and has the fractional perimeter as an attractive term. The second functional instead is defined on non-negative integrable and uniformly bounded densities and contains an attractive term of positive-power type. For both of the functionals, we prove that balls are the unique minimizers in the appropriate volume constraint range, generalizing the results already present in the literature for more specific energies.
Regularity improvement for the minimizers of the two-dimensional Griffith energy
Authors: Labourie Camille , Lemenant Antoine
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we prove that the singular set of connected minimizers of the planar Griffith functional has Hausdorff dimension strictly less than one, together with the higher integrability of the symmetrized gradient.
Fano's last Fano
Authors: Andreatta Marco , Pignatelli Roberto
Published: October 2023

In 1949, Fano published his last paper on

3

-folds with canonical sectional curves. There, he constructed and described a

3

-fold of degree

22

in a projective space of dimension

13

with canonical curve section, which we like to call
Fano's last Fano
. We report on Fano's construction and we provide various (in our opinion missing) proofs in modern language. Moreover, we try to use results and techniques available at that time. After that we construct Fano's last Fano with modern tools, in particular, via the Hilbert scheme of zero cycles on a rational surface; as a consequence we easily point out the corresponding example in the Mori–Mukai classification.
Evaluation of Fouling Propensity of Aviation Lubricants Using the Mixed-Phase Flow Technique (High-Temperature Deposition Test)
Authors:   E-34 Propulsion Lubricants Committee
Published: October 2023

The high-temperature deposition test (HTDT) method is designed to evaluate the deposition and degradation characteristics of turbine lubricants when stressed under mixed-phase flow conditions found in certain parts of aviation gas turbine engines. This method is applicable to lubricants that form deposits in the range of 0.1 to 100 mg during the course of a test.
Excavator and Backhoe Hand Signals
Authors:   MTC1, Earthmoving Machinery
Published: October 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to excavators and backhoe loaders, as defined in ISO 6165.
Modern slavery: the hidden obstacle to achieving climate justice in the Asia-Pacific region, and beyond
Authors: Glass Joshua
Published: October 2023

While many developed countries have committed to tackling the global challenge of slavery, there has been little policy recognition that climate change and climate disasters are key drivers of these hidden exploitative practices. This article aims to bridge this divide by presenting evidence that climate-displaced persons have been targeted by traffickers or, facing limited alternatives, have voluntarily entered into exploitative employment in industries which are themselves fuelling the climate crisis. Having established modern slavery as a climate justice issue, the author will demonstrate that developed countries have tended to treat the two as distinct problems to be solved separately, resulting in a siloed approach to two closely connected issues. Alternative approaches, which incorporate modern slavery considerations into climate change mitigation and adaptation frameworks and vice versa, will be considered, with a view to achieving better outcomes for victims of climate disasters who have thus far remained invisible. In particular, case studies from developed and developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region, which possesses both a high vulnerability to climatic hazards and over half of the world’s modern slavery victims, will be of particular relevance throughout.
Thomas Kuhn, Stefan Amsterdamski, and the Cycles of Scientific Development
Authors: Martin-Michalska Anna
Published: October 2023

In his most seminal work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas S. Kuhn advances a notion that science is embedded in historically contingent constellations of practices and ideas. In this view, history is part and parcel of science. Science develops by transforming that, which it emerges from – a theme later picked up by Polish philosopher of science, Stefan Amsterdamski. Kuhn also noticed important parallels between psychological and historical development. These insights have led him to the conclusion that what scientists do and what the science does are two different things. Scientific development is discontinuous in the sense that it cannot be measured by any external standard. Science is therefore its own judge. This paper identifies critical shortcomings of Kuhn’s theory of psychological development, which most affect his vision of scientific development. Subsequently, the problem of development is recast in terms of dynamic system theory or embodied cognition. The ensuing insights are organized into a cyclical model, with two main trajectories: one creative, the other generative. It is argued that the cyclical approach permits to overcome the dualisms, which plagued Kuhn’s original account (engagement versus criticism, creativity versus rule-following, etc.) and to further develop Amsterdamski’s idea that absent universal norms or standards, criticism and rationality are nonetheless possible.
Factors Affecting Schools’ Acceptance of Platform SIPLah Implementation Using UTAUT Modified Model
Authors: Anggraeni Dini , Fariyanti Anna , Cahyadi Eko Ruddy
Published: October 2023

SIPLah is an inventive process for purchasing goods and services in educational institutions. It facilitates the reporting process by providing online marketplace partners, non-cash electronic payments, and digitization of documents. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of SIPLah adoption on the quality of good government governance and identify the factors influencing educational institutions in adopting SIPLah. The study was conducted with 210 respondents, who are school principals or officially appointed individuals responsible for procuring goods/services. Questionnaires were distributed online, and data were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results show that Use Behavior in SIPLah adoption significantly influences good government governance. Performa expectancy, effort expectancy, and perceived service quality significantly influence attitude towards SIPLah adoption and usage. Conversely, social influence, facilitating condition, Trust in application, and perceived risk do not significantly affect attitude in adopting SIPLah.
Preschool Age Children's Learning Indonesian Language Through Songs at PGRI Biru Kindergarten, Kahu District, Bone Regency
Authors: Safar Muh.
Published: October 2023

This research aims to describe 1) the process of learning Indonesian for preschool aged children through songs at PGRI Biru Kindergarten, Kahu District, Bone Regency and 2) Indonesian vocabulary whose meaning can be understood by preschool aged children which is acquired through songs at the park. PGRI Biru Children, Kahu District, Bone Regency. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using all learning activities and all the vocabulary contained in the songs used in PGRI Biru Kindergarten learning, Kahu District, Bone Regency. The data source is oral data from teachers and children of PGRI Biru Kindergarten, Kahu District, and Bone Regency and from songs used in learning. Data collection techniques were carried out using library and field techniques consisting of direct observation, interviews and recording. The results of the research show that the process of learning Indonesian through songs at PGRI Biru Kindergarten, Kahu District, Bone Kabupaten shows that of the 96 Indonesian words taught through songs, there are 70 words or 66.04% whose meaning can be understood by all children and 26 words or 33.96% whose meaning some children cannot understand. Thus it can be concluded that 1) the process of learning Indonesian through songs at the PGRI Kindergarten, Kahu District, and Bone Regency is applied to preschool children using imitation and play techniques. 2) Some of the vocabulary can be understood by all children and some words cannot be understood by the meaning of some children.
A Literature Review of Total Quality Management Practices in Malaysia and Indonesia Schools
Authors: Syaifullah Syaifullah , Yusuf Ria Mardiana , Hidayah Zainur , Pujiwati Ami
Published: October 2023

The rapid growth of information and technology has encouraged all organizations including school organizations to adopt a quality management called Total Quality Management (TQM). The practice of TQM in Malaysian and Indonesian schools shows similarities and differences. Therefore, this research seeks to explore some of the TQM models and elements that are applied in Malaysian and Indonesian schools. Using a qualitative literature study approach, this study uncovers the models and elements of TQM practiced in Malaysian and Indonesian schools. The TQM models found are the Deming model (PDCA), Quality Circles (QC), Total Quality Control (TQC). The elements of TQM that are practiced include leadership, employee commitment, continuous improvement, employee involvement, training, and customer satisfaction. The difference is that the TQM that is practiced in Malaysian schools found the Crosby "zero defect" model, meanwhile, in Indonesian schools found the Control Chart (CC) Model. The TQM element in the form of problem solving in Malaysian schools is proven to be able to train students' thinking skills, creativity, and innovation. Therefore, Indonesian schools need to adopt it in classroom learning.
Application of Design Thinking Method in Educational Card Design "Sobat Saleh"
Authors: Ulita Novena
Published: October 2023

: In developmental psychology theory, students are late adolescents who need to have problem-solving skills (Sahrah, 2019). Itis necessary to be trained in order to become a capable, creative and independent person in accordance with the goals of Indonesian national education. However, in the learning process in the studio class, the DKV study program which has the purpose of learning to hone students' thinking skills, often has difficulty solving a problem. A study that has been conducted previously  that it is known  that aspects of methods in solving problems are still confusing for students (Ulita &; Hananto, 2022). The research outlines that some students are still not fully aware of how to apply the method in designing. Therefore, this journal will describe the form of application of  design thinking methods in  a case study  of designing an educational card game "Sobat Saleh" that can help student design learning that  provides an overview of the process of solving problems into a design idea. Starting from data collection, analytical techniques and thinking processes as well as the form of application of  the design thinking design method. Thus, it can be observed more deeply the patterns carried out in efforts to apply  the design thinking method  so as to help students more easily have the ability to solve problems with the method.  The ability of critical thinking and creative things in solving problems can support the design logic that is needed by a designer when doing a design.
Psoriasis: A Biological and Behavioral Management Approach
Authors: Charalambos Costeris
Published: October 2023

Psoriasis is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease and while it is affecting a large percentage of the population worldwide it is linked to be triggered by a variety of reasons. It can be treated with topical, oral, intravenous, photochemotherapy, biologic agents or a combination of therapies, based on patient’s needs or skin severity. Most of these therapies can be expensive or even difficult to receive. The red scaly plaques on the skin alongside with the underlying symptoms can affect the wellbeing of patients. Areas such as the type of dermatological treatment which causes a psychological burden to patients once they are diagnosed with psoriasis, as well as the need of a multidisciplinary approach for the management of psoriasis are briefly discussed in this article.
Social responsibility of business during periods of emergency situations on the example of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zaluchyonova O. M. , Saidulaeva Z. S. , Giese R.
Published: October 2023

The first cases of coronavirus infection were detected in December 2019. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the virus a pandemic. The coronavirus pandemic has led to a decline in well-being, large financial losses, economic damage, political consequences and has drastically worsened people’s quality of life. The purpose of this study is to study the role of social responsibility of business in emergency situations and during periods of struggle with their consequences. The article examines the consequences of the state of emergency in connection with the outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus infection, reviews and analyzes the domestic and international experience of social responsibility of business in a pandemic. To achieve this goal, the article analyzes GDP indicators for 2019–2021 in the context of a number of countries, examines the main directions of business social responsibility during the pandemic in several companies in Kazakhstan, in particular, caring for employees, responsibility to customers, partner support, assistance to the population. In times of emergencies and during the liquidation of their consequences, private companies, both large and small and medium-sized businesses, can also act as financial sources, along with state ones. The examples of the world experience of social responsibility of business during the pandemic are also considered were considered. The authors have compiled a diagram of the percentages of the degree of trust in brands during the coronavirus pandemic, and proposed the creation of reserve funds for business social responsibility.
Concept of human capital in the context of innovative development and its place in the system of related economic categories
Authors: Aimagambetov Y. B. , Gimranova R. R. , Spanova B. K. , Omarova A. T.
Published: October 2023

Despite its relatively short history, the concept of human capital has evolved into a significant number of different definitions, affecting an increasing number of elements that are inherent in the work of a modern person. The growing importance of human capital in the accumulation of national wealth, the general trends in the humanization of economic science, the peculiarities of labor characteristic of the innovative economy, led to the emergence of new elements describing a person's labor activity and labor opportunities, and the entry into circulation of a number of seemingly overlapping related categories that complemented the already existing conceptual and categorical apparatus in this area. The purpose of the article is to distinguish the main concepts developed by economic theory that characterize human labor capabilities, as well as to determine the place of the category human capital in the system of these related categories. Special attention is paid to new concepts that have arisen as a result of setting the tasks of innovative development. The result of the study is the systematization of the concepts considered in a general terminological field. Such systematization seems necessary both for theoretical clarification of the conceptual apparatus of labor market research, employment, accumulation of human resources, and for practical application in the field of state policy to improve the national education system and labor market regulation in the context of innovative development.
Features of state management and regulation in the sphere of energy in the Republic of Kazakhstan: prospects and risks
Authors: Mussin B. M. , Mussina Z. M.
Published: October 2023

At present, the stable development and growth of the country's economy directly depend on the quality of energy supply and the development of the energy sector. Today, the population and industry are completely dependent on energy supply. Insufficient attention from the authorities to the development of the energy sector may hold back the growth of other sectors. It is known that the demand for electricity in the future will increase due to the country's economic development. In order to further increase the efficiency of the energy sector, the government has taken a number of reforms to restructure the energy sector. However, these steps to improve the sphere have not produced results. In the future, the government should consider a number of issues to attract investment in the energy sector, including pricing, legal issues, and reforms of energy enterprises. The aim of the article is to analyze the state regulation in the energy sector, that is, the sustainable development of the industry taking into account the interests of consumers and the state at all levels. Energy sector regulation has strategic importance for the state in terms of ensuring energy security, improving the competitiveness of the economy, and promoting sustainable development. So far, the methods and management system created by the state have shown poor efficiency. In this regard, the article comprehensively studies and analyzes in detail the mechanisms of state management and regulation in the energy supply system of the country. In addition, the paper examines the elements of state management and the evolution of the energy supply system in the country, and compares the systems of state management of the energy industry in the USA, Norway, the UK, China and the Russian Federation. In the article with the help of SWOT and scientific analysis the risks in the management of the energy sector of the country are considered.
Concept of environmental compliance in the transition to the green economy and ways of its development
Authors: Kyzdarbekova A. S. , Kanabekova M. A. , Nizamdinova A. K. , Popesko B.
Published: October 2023

Currently, green economy and green energy are world trends. The world's transition to a green economy cannot be ignored. Organizations that fail to adapt to these conditions face financial losses. That is why environmental compliance should be given special attention, as the risks associated with environmental legislation can be very dangerous for business. During the transition to the green economy, preserving the environment allows enterprises to adapt to new market conditions. Compliance with environmental norms, laws and regulations allows to achieve a positive result in the way of increasing the investment attractiveness of business. Currently, it also affects the status of enterprises among the population. In order to organize a comprehensive environmental audit in general enterprises, an integrated system of environmental compliance is needed and it is necessary to introduce environmental compliance into the management of the enterprise by creating synergy with the audit, which should be implemented as a process accompanying the environmental audit. It helps to timely identify and prevent weaknesses of the company in the field of environmental protection and identifies environmental risks aimed at avoiding losses during the implementation of environmental protection. This, in turn, is the way to improve the environmental situation at the level of the republic, when enterprises and businesses obey environmental legislation and implement it on their part. espite the lack of clear advantages, companies should protect the environment because it ensures that legally sound decisions are made with a view to the future. Environmental compliance is a system tool that complements management and helps to pass environmental audits at an appropriate level in environmental management.
Individual and pair representativeness of sampling points selection in interpolation tasks of the heavy metals distribution in the topsoil
Authors: Baglaeva Elena M. , Sergeev Aleksandr P. , Shichkin Andrey V. , Buevich Alexander G. , Butorova Anastasia S.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of choosing a representative selection of a subset for an artificial neural network in the tasks of interpolation of the distribution of metals in the topsoil. Environmental data, often used to build artificial neural network models, are datasets at irregular points. The traditional division of the input data into training and test subsets occurs randomly, which transfers to a number of problems. For selection in the training subset, the question of individual and collective representativeness of points is asked, sending them a request for data on the content of the element in the soil in a given area. The most representative in terms of individual representativeness arise with the maximum reference points, their presence in the training subset of the ANN measurement of error and an increase in the correlation between the results of model calculations and natural measurements on the test subset. When assessing the pairwise representativeness of the identified synergy effects, which, when included, achieve high model reliability) and anti-synergy (the parameters of using less information to describe the content of the elements than separately the points of view included in the pair). The various sampling locations have different information and unequal meaning for feature interpolation.
Vanishing splendor: a comprehensive review of the decline in the original fish fauna of Lake Victoria
Authors: Syanya Fredrick Juma , Mathia Wilson M. , Winam Zachary O.
Published: October 2023

The presence of the non-native Nile perch (Lates niloticus) in Lake Victoria and the resulting ecological transformations have garnered significant attention from the scientific community. However, details regarding the timing, origin, and purpose of the fish introduction have remained elusive. This paper reviews fish fauna changes in Lake Victoria, investigates causes, and advocates for biodiversity conservation through diversity and sanctuary sites. It examines different historical periods to understand changes and guide effective conservation strategies. The introduction of Nile perch has led to a substantial decline and even extinction of many native fish species, particularly cichlids, resulting in ecological imbalances and economic challenges for local fishing communities. To address these pressing issues, ongoing conservation efforts are being implemented. These initiatives focus on promoting sustainable fishing practices, safeguarding critical habitats, and reintroducing native fish species. Furthermore, cage fish farming is being explored as a potential solution to alleviate pressure on wild populations, as suggested by various authors. Recommendations stemming from this study include conducting virtual population analysis for stock assessments of indigenous species, intensify conservation efforts, diversify fishing practices, expand cage fish farming, increase public awareness and education, and enhance policy and governance frameworks. By implementing these recommendations, there is optimism for the recovery and resilience of indigenous fish species in Lake Victoria, leading to the conservation of biodiversity and the promotion of sustainable livelihoods for local communities.
In silico Exploration on The Potency of Basil (Ocimum basilicum) as an Anti-Aging Skin Agent
Authors: Amala Wega Nasyita , Aziz Raden Ahmad Zainul , Rohmah Nur , Imtiyaz Hanun Najah , Iskandar Muhamad Dandi Iqbal , Purnama Erlix Rakhmad
Published: October 2023

New and improved skin care products and procedures have been established by technological advances and scientific investigation. By increasing the skin's moisture, firmness, and elasticity, anti-aging skin care can enhance the skin's overall condition. The objective of this study was to examine the potential of basil's chemical compounds as an in silicoanti-aging agent. Exploration of online databases, scholarly articles from national and international journals, and analysis using docking software are selected as examples of data collection methods. Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), with PDB code 966C, is one of the targeted proteins related to skin anti-aging. Ladanein, acacetin, luteolin, 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone and genkwanin are five basil compounds that are predicted to exhibit anti-aging agents based on the presence of the binding affinity score indicator and the similarity of the appropriate attachment sites compared to the native ligand used. The scores for the binding affinity of luteolin, ladanein, acacetin, 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone, and genkwanin are -10, -9.9, -9.9, -9.8, and -9.6 kcal/mol, respectively. At the attachment positions of five basil compounds, the interactions with ASN 180, LEU 181 and ALA 182 key amino acids, which are the attachment sites for the native ligands, were also formed.
Wet cupping therapy removes oxidative stress related miRNAs
Authors: UNAT Berivan , YERLİKAYA Fatma Hümryra , BALTAOĞLU ALP Hayriye , ERYAVUZ ONMAZ Duygu
Published: October 2023

Background: Wet cupping therapy is commonly used in different conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, inflammatory and infectious diseases. The mechanism of action of wet cupping therapy is not yet clear, however several studies have demonstrated that it has a role in limiting oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wet cupping therapy on oxidative stress-related miRNAs miRNA-34a, miRNA-200a, miRNA-21 levels and oxidant-antioxidant status markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels.

Methods: 60 healthy volunteer women aged 20-75 years (n=30, 20-45 years; n=30, 45-75 years) who were applied wet cupping at Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Traditional and Complementary Medicine Center were included in this study. Plasma miRNA-34a, miRNA-200a and miRNA-21 levels were analyzed by using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. MDA and GSH levels were measured using the commercial ELISA kits.

Results: MDA levels [2003.10 (1810.17-7392.15) vs 1884.04 (1800.10-4488.05), p=0.027] of wet cupping blood samples higher than venous blood samples, while GSH levels [125.97 (90.65-219.43) vs 131.77 (88.77-246.42), p=0.037] were lower. miRNA-34a [(0.94±0.74) vs (0.53±0.28), p
Research and Scientific Conclusions about the Linguistic and Stylistic Features of the Work ‘Divan-i Hikmet’
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Utebekov S.
Published: October 2023

In this article, the author analyzes local and foreign publications of research and scientific data on the linguistic and stylistic features of the work of Divani-i Hikmet, which is considered one of the common heritages of the Turkic peoples. In particular, he analyzes the views of scientists such as A. Vamberi, A. Nazhip, T. Mentsel, E. Bertels, A.K. Borovkov, A.N. Kononov, N. Baskakov, F.M. Koprulu, E. Rustamov, G. Aidarov, A. Kurushzhanov, M. Tomanov, K. Eraslan, M. Orazov, G. Musaev, A. Guzel, R. Syzdykova, L. Kadyrov, A. Mukhtarov, U. Sanakulov, U. Tursunov, B. Urunboev, A. Aliyev about linguistic features of hikmets. Initially, having considered the divergence of opinions regarding which branch of the Turkic languages the “Divan-I Hikmet” belongs to, the author connects this connection with the large number of versions of the monument and the fact that the versions differ from each other in content and language. Further, he notes the fact that the version of “Divan-I Hikmet”, written under Khoja Ahmed Yassawi, did not reach our days, caused controversy among scientists. Meanwhile, the author believes that the allegations that Yasawi’s hikmets were written in the ancient Turkic language or in the Karakhanid period are unfounded, and the construction of one or another branch of the modern Turkic language is the result of forgetting some features of this language or language groups. In this regard, in order to prove or disagree with the views and conclusions of some scientists, expressing his opinion, basing himself on concrete examples, he compared some phonetic, morphological and lexical and grammatical features of Divani-i Hikmet with their use in ancient monuments and modern Turkic languages.
Problems of Discourse Typology in Linguistics
Authors:   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, Abiev B.M. , Serdali B.K. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: October 2023

When defining the term Discourse, the difference between its content and structure converges on the basis of speech, the presentation of one's own thoughts. Social activity requires consideration of discourse in the context of communicative activity, taking into account its inseparable socio-psychological characteristics. In linguistic science, even in the context of the structure of discourse, the vision of scientists-researchers in the general solution has not been formed. Nevertheless, it is obvious that there is a certain system of steps of organized communication and the structure of the exchange of speech actions. In the article, some typology sections are conventionally named “typology”, “structural typology”, “comparative typology”, “regional typology”, “counterlinguistics”, “linguistic universals”, “translation grammar”, “comparative typological linguistics” and others. The terms “matching” and “comparison method” are often synonymous. Such a proliferation of terms shows that linguistic typology is not yet firmly established as a science. In linguistics, it includes the discipline of each section and all types of linguistic typology, the juxtaposition of comparative and typological methods, the typological description of related and unrelated languages, characteristic and uncharacteristic studies, etc. To determine such contradictory views, these studies were and are necessary. On the one hand, modern journalistic discourse is characterized by an abundance of template forms of Moderna, ready-made blocks, turns and speech stereotypes. On the other hand, journalism is full of methods and forms that are not fixed in the language sphere and created in a certain speech situation with a certain communicative purpose. Among the many media typical of Moderna discourse, the main focus is on influencing the information and emotions of the addressee and achieving a positive communicative result. These concepts are also significantly disclosed in the article.