bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El padre Joaquín García Sánchez, OSA. Un geógrafo innato
Authors: Bernex Weiss Nicole
Published: February 2025

Este artículo presenta brevemente al insigne misionero agustino, geógrafo innato, profesor honorario de departamento de Humanidades de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, el padre Joaquín García Sánchez, OSA. Se relata su extraordinario itinerario geográfico desde su infancia caminando los paisajes de la cuenca minera de Sabero, León, España, hasta su llegada e inmersión en la Amazonía loretana. Constructor de puentes interculturales, el padre Joaquín era hombre de diálogos que se transformaron en obras (Centro de Estudios Teológicos de la Amazonía, Biblioteca Amazónica, Irapay, Shupihui, Kanatari, Monumenta Amazónica, entre otras). Durante más de 55 años se dedicó a vivir en, con y para la Amazonía desde todas sus diversidades biofísicas, socioculturales, económicas, ambientales y políticas. Sus estudios, escucha, generosidad y cercanía con los más relegados; su defensa de la paz y la democracia se conjugaron con el desarrollo de una pastoral indígena y ecoteología. Su impresionante horizonte geográfico integra las dimensiones vivas y vividas de los territorios amazónicos, las memorias y la interescalaridad. Con “Amazonium”, el padre Joaquín nos dejó una herencia científica, moral y alterética excepcional, invitándonos a hacer nuestro este sueño.
Transformaciones del paisaje y modos de vida: una perspectiva geohistórica en Dalcahue, Chiloé, Chile
Authors: Henríquez Olmedo Valentina , Barton Jonathan R.
Published: February 2025

Este artículo explora las transformaciones del paisaje en la comuna de Dalcahue, Chiloé, y cómo estas son influenciadas a su vez por los cambios en los modos de vida o livelihoods de los chilotes desde el terremoto de 1960 hasta fines de la década 2010. Se aplica una metodología cualitativa basada en el análisis de entrevistas a adultos mayores que vivieron el período de tiempo del caso de estudio, quienes fueron testigos del abandono y aislamiento geográfico del archipiélago en la década de los 60 (y anteriores), así como de la irrupción de las actividades acuícolas, las cuales provocaron la expansión urbana y el abandono del campo. El artículo concluye que las modificaciones del paisaje se dan por los cambios de modos de vida de la sociedad chilota, así como también por agentes externos propios de la globalización, como la llegada de la industria salmonera y de miticultura.
Nonlinear Associations Between Serum Vitamin D and Uric Acid in Korean Adults: 2022–2023 KNHANES Data
Authors: Lee Hyang-Rae , Joo Nam-Seok
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To investigate a non-linear relationship between serum vitamin D level and uric acid concentration and to evaluate the potential of vitamin D as a biomarker for inflammatory diseases such as hyperuricemia. Methods: Using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), an analysis was conducted on 10,864 adults aged 19 years or more. Serum vitamin D levels were categorized into quartiles (Q1–Q4) for analysis. Their linear and non-linear relationships with uric acid concentrations were assessed using Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and restricted cubic spline regression. Confounding variables including age, sex, BMI, kidney function, chronic diseases, and macronutrient intake were adjusted for in the analysis. Results: In univariate analysis, a statistically significant but weak negative correlation was observed between serum vitamin D and uric acid levels (Pearson’s correlation coefficient: -0.089, < 0.001). However, after adjusting for confounders, multivariate regression revealed a weak positive association. Restricted cubic spline regression identified significant positive associations in lower quartiles (Q1–Q3), with the strongest effect observed in Q3 (beta-coefficient: 0.643, 95% CI: 0.09–1.20, p = 0.023). No significant association was found in the highest quartile (Q4). Conclusions: Vitamin D and uric acid metabolism have a non-linear relationship, particularly showing a positive association in vitamin D insufficiency (< 30 ng/mL). These findings support the potential of vitamin D as a biomarker for hyperuricemia and related inflammatory-metabolic diseases.
Predicting the Rate Structure of an Evolved Metabolic Network
Authors: Srienc Friedrich , Barrett John
Published: February 2025

When glucose molecules are metabolized by a biological cell, the molecules are constrained to flow along distinct, reaction trajectories, which are defined by the cell’s underlying metabolic network. Using the computational technique of Elementary Mode Analysis, the entire set of all possible tra-jectories can be enumerated, effectively allowing metabolism to be viewed in a discretized space. With the resulting set of Elementary Flux Modes (EM), macroscopic fluxes, (of both mass and energy) that cross the cell envelope can be computed by a simple, linear combination of the individual EM trajectories. The challenge in this approach is that the usage probability of each EM is unknown. But, because the analytical framework we have adopted allows metabolism to be viewed in a dis-crete space, we can use the mathematics of statistical thermodynamics to derive the usage proba-bilities when the system entropy is maximized. The resulting probabilities, which obey a Boltz-mann-type distribution, predict a rate structure for the metabolic network that is in remarkable agreement with experimentally measured rates of adaptively evolved E. coli strains. Thus, in principle, the intracellular dynamic properties of such bacteria can be predicted, using only the knowledge of the DNA sequence, to reconstruct the metabolic reaction network, and the meas-urement of the specific glucose uptake rate.
Rehabilitation System for Muscle Atrophy of the Hand Due to Rheumatoid Arthritis. Evaluation of Patients and Therapists
Authors: Moya-Jiménez Roberto , Goyes-Balladares Andrea , Rivera-Valenzuela Mario , Magal-Royo Teresa
Published: February 2025

In the field of rehabilitation exoskeletons, meeting the requirements of all stakeholders involved in the development of innovative medical technologies is essential. This study presents the validation of a proposed device for the rehabilitation of muscle atrophy caused by rheumatoid arthritis, emphasizing the importance of prototype validation in industrial design. Ensuring compliance with functional, ergonomic, and usability criteria is crucial before implementation, as it enhances effectiveness and user experience. The co-design process, involving patients and therapists, plays a key role in optimizing adaptability, ensuring that the device meets real user needs. Through an iterative design approach, feedback from end users contributes to refining the system, improving usability, and increasing acceptance in clinical practice. The findings reveal patients' perceptions regarding the impact on their condition and ease of use, while therapists provide insights into its potential integration into traditional rehabilitation protocols. These results highlight the significance of user-centered validation, reinforcing the role of rehabilitation technologies in complementing conventional therapeutic approaches and advancing patient-centered innovation in industrial and biomedical design.
Burnout, Associated Factors, and Mental Health in Ecuadorian Physicians
Authors: Ramírez Marina R. , Ontaneda Mercy P. , Otero Patricia , Ortega-Jímenez David , Blanco Vanessa , Vázquez Fernando L.
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Although burnout among physicians is a serious and growing problem in healthcare, research on this issue in Ecuador is scarce and suffers from methodological limita-tions. This study examined the prevalence of burnout among Ecuadorian medical professionals at the national level, as well as its correlates and consequences on their mental health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1,976 physicians (51.8% women, mean age 37.1 years) from all provincial capitals of Ecuador. The presence of burnout was assessed, as well as sociodemographic, organizational, and psychological variables (including psychological in-flexibility, perceived loneliness, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress). Results: Notably, 9.0% of physicians exhibited burnout syndrome. Working in shifts for more than eight hours a day, having work-family conflict, psychological inflexibility, and perceived loneliness were associated with an increased risk of suffering burnout. Meanwhile, being a woman was associated with a decrease in risk. The presence of burnout significantly increased the risk of experiencing depressive and stress symptoms. Conclusions: Clearly, a significant number of medical professionals suffer from burnout. As such, stakeholders should promote the develop-ment of prevention programs that incorporate the insights from this and other studies to design effective psychological interventions for burnout adapted to the specific needs of this population.
B¨acklund Transformation for Solving a (3+1)-Dimensional Integrable Equation
Authors: Feng Binlu , Gui Linlin , Zhang Yufeng , Han Siqi
Published: February 2025

A new generalized (3+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvil (3dKP) equation is derived from the inverse
scattering transform method. This equation can reduce to the standard KP equation and the well-know (3+1)-
dimensional equation. Making use of the Lax pair transformation, a B¨acklund transformation of the generalized (3+1)-
dimensional KP equation is constructed and some soliton solutions are produced. Finally, a superposition formula by
making use of the Ba¨cklund transformation is singled out as well. As we know that such the work presented in the
paper is not studied up to now.
Comparative Study of Parasite Infestation of Pond and Cage Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Uganda
Authors: Luttamaguzi Abdul Noor , Kisakye John Joseph , Mudumba Tutilo , Agoe Catherine , Sserwadda Martin , Walakira John
Published: February 2025

In recent years, intensification of aquaculture production in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Uganda has resulted in increased parasitic disease occurrences. However, despite the efforts made, the parasite burden has continued to cause fish mortality. Notably, the different production systems provide different habitats and environmental conditions for the parasites and understanding of the parasite infestation dynamics in these culture systems may provide better sanitary and farm management strategies for the parasite burden. Therefore, the study compared the parasite prevalence and mean intensity of pond and cage cultured Nile tilapia and also identified statistical associations between parasitic infestation and farm management practices. Across the Crescent, a high infestation rate of 65% (418/640) with Trichodina spp. being most prevalent and abundant, and a 16 parasite taxa; 6 protozoa, 2 monogenea, 2 digenea, 1 crustacea, 3 cestode, and 1 acanthocephala was obtained. Furthermore, nearly all parasites were recovered in 3 fish organs; gills harboring 50% (8/16), intestines with 31% (5/16) and skin with 25% (4/16) of the parasite genera. Fish from Pond grow-out and Hatchery farming system harboured ≥ 11 parasite genera while ≤ 5 parasite genera were found in Cage grow-out (lake) and Cage grow-out (reservoir) farms namely; Pond grow-out: 5 protozoa, 1 monogenea, 2 digenea, 1 crustacea, 2 cestode; Cage grow-out (lake): 2 protozoa, 1 monogenea, 2 digenea; Cage grow-out (reservoir): 2 protozoa, 1 monogenea, and Hatchery: 3 protozoa, 2 monogenea, 2 digenea, 1 crustacea, 2 cestode, and 1 acanthocephala. Definitely, Trichodina spp. and Dactylogyrus spp. were recorded in all culture systems but with Trichodina spp. having the highest prevalence and mean intensity in Cage grow-out (reservoir). After classification of infestation, the comparative assessment between Pond grow-out and Cage grow-out (lake) farming systems revealed that 66 % (12/18) of Pond grow-out farms had normal/ frequent infestation and with one farm having very severe/ severe infestation whereas, 33 % (3/9) of Cage grow-out (lake) had gradual/ rare infestation yet with no farm having very severe/ severe infestation. The Fisher's exact test revealed that in Pond grow-out, the relatively high infestation was significantly associated with all the farm management practices: fish seed source, stocking density, feeding and nutrition, disinfection, control of intermediate hosts, and control of wild fish entry, while in Cage grow-out (lake), the relatively low infestation was only significantly associated with stocking density, feeding and nutrition, and control of wild fish entry. Therefore, the findings from the study suggest that proper farm management practices will reduce on the parasite proliferation in the Crescent.
ESG Integration and Green Computing: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Angelaki Erasmia , Garefalakis Alexandros , Kourgiantakis Markos , Sitzimis Ioannis , Passas Ioannis
Published: February 2025

As businesses increasingly prioritize sustainability, integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles with green computing has emerged as a critical strategy. However, research remains fragmented regarding how these two domains interact within the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of 750 articles published between 2004 and 2024, using multiple correspondence and co-citation analyses to identify key trends. The findings highlight a strong correlation between green computing practices and improved economic outcomes. Results indicate that China and the United States lead research output in this field, with a significant rise in publications post-2018, driven by regulatory pressures and corporate sustainable initiatives. Our findings emphasize that companies integrating green computing with ESG strategies can achieve long term financial sustainability while meeting Environmental and social responsibilities. The study provides insights from business leaders, policymakers, and researchers by identifying critical gaps and future research direction, including industry – specific applications and policy frameworks to accelerate ESG adoption in technology – driven enterprises. Future research should address practical challenges in implementing these practices across different industries and explore the long-term impacts of ESG integration on business performance.
Comparative Analysis of Aroma Emission in ‘Gala’ Apples Stored in Ethanol and Hexanal-Enriched Controlled Atmosphere
Authors: Jesenko Erika , Vidrih Rajko , Zlatić Emil
Published: February 2025

The objectives of this study were to investigate extended exposure of ‘Gala’ apples to con-stant presence of ethanol and hexanal on the production of aroma compounds after long-term CA storage. 'Gala' apples were stored in CA under 2 kPa O2 and 98 kPa N2 at 1.0 ± 0.1 °C with a constant ethanol (CA-et) or hexanal (CA-he) concentration maintained at 50 µgL-1 throughout six month storage period. A total of 25 volatile compounds (VOCs) were identified. The Odor Activity Value (OAV) results showed that 9 VOCs were the key aroma compounds. Among them, hexyl acetate, 2-metyhbutyl acetate, and 1-butanol were the highest. Hexanal increased the production of hexyl acetate, while ethanol increased the production of 2-metyhlbutyl acetate and ethyl 2-methylbutanoate. Both precursors promoted the production of 1-butanol after two months of storage and 1 day of shelf life. Overall, the impact of the precursors on aroma production was more pronounced after two months than after six months of storage. Different storage atmosphere significantly influenced VOCs correlations, suggesting that ethanol and hexanal addition altered aro-ma biosynthesis pathways in ‘Gala’ apples. For varieties like ‘Gala’ that rapidly lose aroma during CA storage, CA-et and CA-he treatments may be beneficial for short-term storage, enhancing key aroma compounds and improving sensory quality.
A Novel Machine Vision-Based Collision Risk Warning Method for Unsignalized Intersections on Arterial Roads
Authors: Luo Zhongbin , Bi Yanqiu , Ye Qing , Li Yong , Wang Shaofei
Published: February 2025

Addressing the critical need for collision risk warning at unsignalized intersections, this study proposes an advanced predictive system combining YOLOv8 for object detection, Deep SORT for tracking, and Bi-LSTM networks for trajectory prediction. To adapt YOLOv8 for complex intersection scenarios, several architectural enhancements were incorporated. The RepLayer module replaced the original C2f module in the backbone, integrating large-kernel depthwise separable convolution to better capture contextual information in cluttered environments. The GIoU loss function was introduced to improve bounding box regression accuracy, mitigating issues related to missed or incorrect detections due to occlusion and overlapping objects. Furthermore, a Global Attention Mechanism (GAM) was implemented in the neck network to better learn both location and semantic information, while the ReContext gradient composition feature pyramid replaced the traditional FPN, enabling more effective multi-scale object detection. Additionally, the CSPNet structure in the neck was substituted with Res-CSP, enhancing feature fusion flexibility and improving detection performance in complex traffic conditions. For tracking, the Deep SORT algorithm was optimized with enhanced appearance feature extraction, reducing identity switches caused by occlusions and ensuring stable tracking of vehicles, pedestrians, and non-motorized vehicles. The Bi-LSTM model was employed for trajectory prediction, capturing long-range dependencies to provide accurate forecasting of future positions. Collision risk was quantified using the Predictive Collision Risk Area (PCRA) method, categorizing risks into three levels (danger, warning, and caution) based on predicted overlaps in trajectories. In the experimental setup, the dataset used for training the model consisted of 30,000 images, annotated with bounding boxes around vehicles, pedestrians, and non-motorized vehicles. Data augmentation techniques such as Mosaic, Random_perspective, Mixup, HSV adjustments, Flipud, and Fliplr were applied to enrich the dataset and improve model robustness. In real-world testing, the system was deployed as part of the G310 highway safety project, where it achieved a mean Average Precision (mAP) of over 90% for object detection. Over a one-month period, 120 warning events involving vehicles, pedestrians, and non-motorized vehicles were recorded. Manual verification of the warnings indicated a prediction accuracy of 97%, demonstrating the system’s reliability in identifying potential collisions and issuing timely warnings. This approach represents a significant advancement for enhancing safety at unsignalized intersections in urban traffic environments.
From Participation to Passion: Enhancing Motivation and Engagement in the Classroom
Authors: Tadjibaeva Albina
Published: February 2025

This study explores strategies to enhance student motivation and engagement in higher education, focusing on factors that influence student participation in academic activities and their commitment to learning. The research investigates how teaching methods, course content, technology integration, and support systems impact students’ intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, as well as their cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement. Data were collected through quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and classroom observations involving 50 undergraduate students and teachers from Namangan State Institute of Foreign Languages, Uzbekistan. The findings reveal that intrinsic motivation, driven by personal interest and relevance to future career goals, significantly influences engagement levels. Additionally, active learning strategies, such as group discussions and problem-solving tasks, were found to increase cognitive and behavioral engagement, while emotional engagement was closely linked to faculty and peer support. The study also highlights mixed responses to technology, with students benefiting from interactive tools but feeling disengaged when technology use was excessive. The results suggest that a balanced approach—incorporating both traditional and technology-enhanced learning strategies, as well as fostering a supportive classroom environment—can significantly improve student motivation and engagement. This research provides valuable insights for educators and institutions seeking to create more effective and engaging learning experiences. Future studies could further explore the long-term effects of these strategies across diverse educational contexts.
Identification and Distribution of Begomoviruses Infecting Cassava Fields in Sierra Leone
Authors: Saffa Musa , Samura Alusaine , Bah Mohamed , Eni Angela , Tibiri Ezechiel , Zongo Saidou , Amoakon William , Tiendrébéogo Fidèle , Pita Justin , Norman Prince
Published: February 2025

Dearth of knowledge exists on identification of the begomoviruses and distribution of cassava mosaic viruses across key cassava growing regions of Sierra Leone. The objective of the study was to identify and map the distribution of cassava mosaic disease (CMD)-associated viruses in farmers' fields of Sierra Leone. Cassava leaf samples were collected in 109 smallholder farms during a geo-referenced survey conducted from 10th May to 5th June, 2024. Molecular diagnostics were carried out to identify the viral strains associated with CMD. Findings revealed that infection by stem cutting was more predominant in the south, east, north and northwest regions than the west region; whereas infection by whitefly was predominant in the west, north and north-west regions. The PCR screening of 426 samples coupled with sequence analysis revealed the presence of African cassava mosaic-like (ACMV-like) viruses, and East African cassava mosaic-like (EACMV-like) viruses as single infections at 78.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Co-infections of ACMV-like and EACMV-like viruses were detected in 20.6% of the tested samples. In addition, 70.6% of the samples positive for EACMV-like virus (single and mixed infections) were found to be positive for East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCMV). The ACMV and co-infection of ACMV and EACMV viruses were present in all regions, while EACMCV was detected in all regions except the western area. The results indicate that EACMCMV variant occurrence may be more prevalent in Sierra Leone than previously thought. This study suggests use of good agricultural practices and participatory surveillance as a strategy for managing CMD in Sierra Leone.
Plasticized Ionic Liquid Crystal Elastomer Emulsion Based Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Siddiquee Zakaria , Lee Hyunsang , Xu Weinan , Kyu Thein , Jákli Antal
Published: February 2025

Development and electrochemical characteristics of ionic liquid crystal elastomers (iLCEs) are described for use as electrolyte components in lithium-ion batteries. The unique combination of elastic and liquid crystal properties in iLCEs grants them robust mechanical attributes and structural ordering. Specifically, the macroscopic alignment of phase-segregated, ordered nanostructures in iLCEs serves as ion pathways, which can be solidified through photopolymerization to create ion-conductive solid-state polymer lithium batteries (SSPLBs) with high ionic conductivity (1.76 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 30 °C), and high (0.61) transference number. Additionally, the rubbery state ensures good interfacial contact with electrodes that inhibits lithium dendrite formation. Furthermore, in contrast to liquid electrolytes, the iLCE is shrinking on heating thus preventing any overheating related explosion. The fabricated Li/LiFePO4 (LFP) cells using iLCE-based solid electrolytes show excellent cycling stability with a discharge capacity of ∼124 mAh g-1 with coulombic efficiency close to 100%. These results are promising for practical application of iLCE-based SSPLBs.
Sport Participation Is Associated with Superior 10-Year Patient Acceptable Symptom State Achievement Following Contemporary Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Gilat Ron , Vogel Michael J. , Kazi Omair , Alvero Alexander B. , Nho Shane J.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Sport participation has been associated with favorable outcomes following hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) at short- and mid-term follow-up; however, few studies have evaluated the 10-year outcomes in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), the achievement of clinically significant outcomes, and reoperation-free survivorship between patients with and without regular preoperative sport participation who underwent HA for FAI and had a minimum of 10 years of follow-up.

Methods:

Data were prospectively collected for patients who underwent primary HA for FAI between January 2012 and September 2013. Patients who participated in weekly sport participation at the time of surgery (“athletes”) were matched 1:1 to patients who denied sport participation (“nonathletes”), controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Preoperative and 10-year postoperative PROMs were collected, including the Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) and Sports (HOS-Sports) subscales, the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), and the visual analog scale for pain (VAS Pain) and satisfaction (VAS Satisfaction). Patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) achievement and reoperation-free survivorship were compared between the groups.

Results:

Sixty-four athletes were matched to 64 nonathletes of similar age, sex, and BMI (p ≥ 0.411). In the athlete group, 85.9% were recreational-level athletes. The groups had similar preoperative PROMs, except for the HOS-ADL subscale, where the athlete group demonstrated a higher preoperative score (67.8 ± 16.7 versus 59.9 ± 21.1, p = 0.029). Both groups demonstrated a significant improvement in all PROMs (p < 0.001) at the minimum 10-year follow-up10.3 ± 0.4 years). At the time of the final follow-up, the athlete group demonstrated significantly higher scores across all of the measured PROMs (p ≤ 0.036). Athletes showed a higher cumulative PASS achievement compared with nonathletes for the HOS-ADL subscale (73% versus 50%, p = 0.033), the HOS-Sports subscale (85% versus 61%, p = 0.010), the mHHS (69% versus 43%, p = 0.013), and the VAS Pain (78% versus 51%, p = 0.006). Reoperation-free survivorship frequencies were 87.5% and 82.8%, respectively (p = 0.504).

Conclusions:

Athletes who underwent contemporary HA for FAI showed superior PROMs and PASS achievement compared with nonathletes at the 10-year follow-up. Athletes and nonathletes showed reoperation-free survivorship frequencies of 87.5% and 82.8%, respectively.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Novel Machine Learning Modeling Approach for Fatigue Failure of Hydrogen-Transporting Pipelines
Authors: Ahmed Nayem , Ahmed Ramadan , Teodoriu Catalin , Gyaabeng Michael
Published: February 2025

The challenge of data scarcity significantly impedes machine learning (ML) applications in specialized domains, such as research on hydrogen embrittlement in carbon steel, posing a significant obstacle to repurposing existing natural gas networks for hydrogen transportation. Hence, this study aims to develop an ML model to predict hydrogen-assisted fatigue failures in hydrogen-transporting gas pipelines.

A novel approach is developed to establish an accurate and widely applicable ML model that leverages data from one set of mechanical tests to improve the prediction of other relevant mechanical parameters. The new approach involves employing data extracted from primary literature sources that conducted the fatigue crack growth (FCG) test. These data are then utilized in an existing ML model, previously trained with tensile test data, to predict the reduction of area (RA) of materials subject to hydrogen embrittlement. Building upon the aforementioned approach, the model-generated RA is further integrated as an input parameter to train a new ML model aimed at predicting FCG rates. In parallel, a conventional ML model is developed that excludes model-calculated RA as an input parameter, focusing solely on fatigue test variables. The traditional approach is undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of incorporating model-generated RA into the model. Data sets from one source (i.e., 96 data points) are completely removed from the database to compare the models. Afterward, model predictions are compared with the removed data set to assess model performance and accuracy.

Testing the models with the removed data sets shows the traditional model has a mean relative error (MRE) of 11.65, while the RA-based model has an MRE of 10.06. Moreover, the model with RA is 15.65% more accurate than the traditional model in terms of MRE after data removal. Furthermore, both models are assessed using standard statistical performance parameters such as the coefficient of determination (R2), and they show similar performance. Despite the similarity in conventional performance metrics for both models, the analysis of maximum error and the scatter in the cross-correlation plots of model predictions clearly indicates that the model incorporating the calculated RA demonstrates closer alignment with actual values. This outcome not only underscores the merit of this innovative approach but also contributes significantly to mitigating data scarcity challenges in the evolving field of hydrogen energy.

Data scarcity challenges in hydrogen embrittlement studies are addressed by developing a novel approach that uses data from one type of mechanical test to improve the prediction accuracy of a model of other relevant mechanical parameters. The method developed in this study can be extended for other ML modeling applications when data scarcity is the limiting factor.
Knowledge and Using of Dry needling by Physiotherapists in Central Africa in the management of Trigger points: the first cross sectional survey in Cameroon
Authors: MUNTESSU Dilane Landry NSANGOU , NGueha Nicodemos , Ghassi Hyacinte Trésor , Mpatoutou Mpatoutou Me , Noumoe David Leonel , Buh Franklin Chu
Published: February 2025

Background
Dry Needling (DN) emerged in the 1970s as a therapeutic breakthrough, proving effective in the treatment of Trigger Points (TP). Despite its worldwide application, there is little data on the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of physiotherapists in Central Africa, particularly in Cameroon. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Cameroonian physiotherapists in relation to pressure point management. Understanding their current levels of CAP is essential for identifying educational needs and developing strategies to improve DN practice in the region.
Methods
A quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional survey was carried out online in the 10 regions of Cameroon over a six-month period. All practicing physiotherapists with at least one year's work experience and who had given their consent were included. They were asked KAP questions relating to DN and TP. Pearson correlations were performed between KAP domains together and with sociodemographic data, Using Epi Info software version 7.2.5.0.
Results
123 physiotherapists participated. The majority were male (56.1%), with an average age of 29 ± 5 years and a mean year of experience of 5 ± 2 years. The majority of physiotherapists obtained scores < 50% of the total score allocated to the domain for knowledge of TP and DN and practice of DN, thus indicating insufficient knowledge and weak practices. However, they had positive attitudes, i.e., a score > 50%.
Conclusions
This study highlights a significant need for educational initiatives in the field of Trigger Point and Dry Needling among physiotherapists in Cameroon. The results reveal a lack of knowledge and practice, despite a positive attitude towards the technique. Addressing this need for training is essential to improving the quality of patient care and the effectiveness of trigger zone management. The data collected provides a solid basis for the development of targeted training programmes and resources to equip physiotherapists with the necessary skills and knowledge. Such efforts will ultimately contribute to the advancement of physiotherapy practice in Cameroon and Africa as a whole.
Optimized Aircraft Wing Design for Subsonic Flow Regimes
Authors: Banerjee Aayushman , Taneja Sumit
Published: February 2025

Reducing aircraft weight is vital for improving operational efficiency and lowering fuel consumption. This study explores topological optimization (TO) for aircraft wings, focusing on material redistribution to achieve lightweight and structurally efficient designs. Using computational tools, an aluminium wing was optimized, resulting in a 41% weight reduction—from 1.23 kg to 0.72 kg—without compromising structural integrity. The findings demonstrate the potential for Topological Optimization to enhance the performance, reduce costs, and streamline material use in manufacturing. The integration of TO with aerodynamic analysis highlights its capability to redefine traditional design processes, paving the way for innovative solutions in aerospace engineering.
Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury Induced Stimulator of Interferons (STING) Signaling in Microglia Drives Cortical Neuroinflammation, Neuronal Dysfunction, and Impaired Cognition
Authors: Packer Jonathan M. , Giammo Samantha G. , Wangler Lynde M. , Davis Amara C. , Bray Chelsea E. , Godbout Jonathan P.
Published: February 2025

Neuropsychiatric complications including depression and cognitive impairment develop, persist, and worsen in the years after traumatic brain injury (TBI), negatively affecting life and lifespan. Inflammatory responses mediated by microglia are associated with the transition from acute to chronic neuroinflammation after TBI. Moreover, type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling is a key mediator of inflammation during this transition. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which a microglia-specific knockout of the stimulator of interferons (STING) influenced TBI-induced neuroinflammation, neuronal dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. Here, microglial inducible STING knockout (CX₃CR1Cre/ERT2 x STINGfl/fl) mice were created and validated (mSTING-/-). Diffuse brain injury (midline fluid percussion) in male and female mice increased STING expression in microglia, promoted microglial morphological restructuring, and induced robust cortical inflammation and pathology 7 days post injury (dpi). These TBI-associated responses were attenuated in mSTING-/- mice. Increased cortical astrogliosis and rod-shaped microglia induced by TBI were independent of mSTING-/-. 7 dpi, TBI induced 237 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the cortex of functionally wildtype (STING+/+) associated with STING, NF- κB, and Interferon Alpha signaling and 85% were attenuated by mSTING-/-. Components of neuronal injury including reduced NeuN expression, increased cortical lipofuscin, and increased neurofilament light chain in plasma were increased by TBI and dependent on mSTING. TBI-associated cognitive tasks (novel object recognition/location, NOR/NOL) at 7 dpi were dependent on mSTING. Notably, the TBI-induced cognitive deficits in NOR/NOL and increased cortical inflammation 7 dpi were unaffected in global interferon-α/β receptor 1 knockout (IFNAR1) mice. In the final study, the RNA profile of neurons after TBI in STING+/+ and mSTING-/- mice was assessed 7 dpi by single nucleus RNA-sequencing. There was a TBI-dependent suppression of cortical neuronal homeostasis with reductions in CREB signaling, synaptogenesis, and oxytocin signaling and increases in cilium assembly and PTEN signaling. Overall, mSTING-/- prevented 50% of TBI-induced DEGs in cortical neurons. Collectively, ablation of STING in microglia attenuates TBI-induced IFN-dependent responses, cortical inflammation, neuronal dysfunction, neuronal pathology, and cognitive impairment.
Danmu, a Traditional Chinese Medicine from the stem of Nauclea officinalis, Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis by Modulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Gut Microbiota
Authors: Peng Yuxuan , Li Yan , Shen Zhenguo , Lin Yaqin , Lei Xianglan
Published: February 2025

Danmu (DM), derived from the stem of Nauclea officinalis, is a traditional Chinese medicine renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. However, its potential in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) remains unexplored. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of DM on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, focusing on its modulation of inflammatory cytokines and gut microbiota. Using a DSS-induced colitis model, we evaluated the impact of DM on clinical symptoms, inflammatory cytokine expression, and gut microbiota composition. DM treatment significantly alleviated weight loss, colon shortening, and histopathological damage in DSS-treated mice. Mechanistically, DM suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, and TL-1A) while upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-13, TGF-β, and IL-2). Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that DM altered gut microbiota composition, reducing Firmicutes and increasing Actinobacteriota, with specific genera (e.g., Bifidobacterium) correlating with IL-6 modulation. These findings suggest that DM ameliorates colitis by regulating inflammatory cytokine expression and reshaping gut microbiota, thereby modulating intestinal immune responses. This study highlights DM as a promising therapeutic candidate for IBD, offering a dual mechanism of action through immune modulation and microbiota regulation.
Nitrogen Transformation Characteristics and Mechanisms of the High-Temperature-Tolerant Heterotrophic Nitrifying Bacterium Aeribacillus pallidus sp. GW-E
Authors: Zhang Yindi , Ma Yongqi , Qi Wenrui , Guan Wenping , Gong Lulin , Xue Yuan , Lin Dong , Sun Likun , Wang Zike
Published: February 2025

High-temperature heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria grow stably at elevated temperatures and exhibit effective nitrification capabilities. These bacteria exhibit remarkable environmental adaptability and have significant potential for practical applications in nitrogen transformation. In this study, the high-temperature-tolerant heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium, Aeribacillus pallidus sp. GW-E, was isolated from a high-temperature aerobic composting pile. The nitrification performance of this strain was evaluated based on its ability to utilize different types of inorganic nitrogen sources. The nitrogen transformation characteristics and mechanisms of strain GW-E were elucidated using nitrogen balance assessments, enzyme-specific activity analysis, and whole-genome sequencing. The results indicated that the utilization rates of NH4+-N (416.31 mg/L), NO3--N (409.68 mg/L), and NO2--N (415.71 mg/L) were 3.79 mg/L/h, 0.71 mg/L/h, and 2.24 mg/L/h, respectively. Whole-genome analysis identified several genes associated with nitrogen metabolism, including amt, npd, nirA, gdhA, glnA, and gltBD. Through this analysis, three nitrogen transformation pathways related to ammonia assimilation, heterotrophic nitrification, and assimilatory nitrate reduction were identified. At the optimal cultural conditions of A. pallidus sp. GW-E, the NH4+-N utilization rate reached 4.33 mg/L/h when the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio was 15:1, the temperature was 54°C, and the pH was 8. These results indicate that A. pallidus sp. GW-E exhibits exceptional nitrification performance, ammonia assimilation capacity, and the ability to reduce assimilatory nitrate. This study provides reliable strain resources and scientific evidence for the application of high-temperature heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria.
Addressing risk factors of Santals Adivasis: Policy recommendations for non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Sharmin , Iqbal Md. Hafiz
Published: February 2025

Background There is increasing evidence that rate of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) vary among different groups. However, studies related to disease burden and its risk factors among ethnic minorities are rare in Bangladesh. To fill this gap, our study explores the prevalence of various risk factors for major NCDs among Santal Adivasis and compares the interrelationship among different groups of risk factors.Methods Employing purposive sampling techniques, data were collected from 389 respondents in Birgonj Upazila of Dinajpur district through a pretested questionnaire. In addition to socio-demographic-anthropometric factors, laboratory diagnoses were conducted following standard techniques. Data were analyzed using univariate regression analysis.Results The prevalence of shared immediate risk factors for NCDs is remarkably low among Santal Adivasis. Among the modifiable intermediate risk factors, the use of tobacco and harmful alcohol consumption from early adulthood poses major risks for cardiovascular diseases in this population. Males appear to be more vulnerable to behavioral risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption, while a significantly higher proportion of females suffer from impaired glucose tolerance.Conclution The findings of this study emphasize the importance of targeted policies and interventions to improve health outcomes in this ethnic minority group.
CircoTax: a novel circular representation of differentially abundant microbial ranks
Authors: Gloria Leandro Di , Casbarra Lorenzo , Ramazzotti Matteo
Published: February 2025

One of the most relevant and widely used applications of NGS-based microbial abundance analysis is the discovery of taxa that appear as differentially represented between ecological niches. In the last 10 years several methods have been proposed to accomplish this task. All such analyses invariantly report the differentially represented taxa at the appropriate taxonomic rank as well as a p-value (usually adjusted for multiple testing) and a fold change, representing the confidence on differential call and the amount of variation recorded, usually in log scale, respectively. This work describes CircoTax, an R function implementing a specialized ggplot2 graph to represent a rank-aware collection of differentially abundant taxa in an intuitive and compact radial form. Specifically, the CircoTax builds a circular plot with sectors encoding the taxonomy depth (from kingdom to genus) and, departing from the center, a number of radial bars that reach the appropriate sector and whose color and transparency are proportional to the log fold change intensity and direction. In addition to the manageability in providing custom tables to plot, our implementation also integrates fast and user-friendly ancillary functions which automate both the differential analysis and the display of the results while leaving to the user the choice of further customizations. The visualization of results is both graphically appealing, allowing to accommodate tens of differentially abundant ranks, and biologically informative since the amount of variation, the direction and rank are easily intelligible for each differentially represented taxa at a glance.
ERecommend: A Search scheme for encrypted storage supporting association analysis and active recommendation
Authors: Chen Yuxiang , Dong Guishan , Xu Chunxiang , Liang Yikuan , Hao Yao
Published: February 2025

The recommendation idea is inspired by the user's search habits and experience, there is a demand that the server should provide active recommendation. However, data encryption makes keywords lose their semantics, which hinders the analysis and recommendation function of the server.
In this paper, we study the "search mode" and "access mode" of encrypted data and present a novel ciphertext search model supporting association and recommendation. Specifically, we construct the basic searchable encryption with access control, association analysis and recommendation method in detail. Finally, we conduct an extensive security and performance analysis to ensure ERecommend is secure and feasible.
Application of big data in the network security situation awareness platform of intelligent power monitoring system
Authors: Li Liang , Zhang Jun , Zhang Peng , Cao Liangjing , Zhao Chenxiao
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: The growing complexity of network infrastructures has led to increasingly sophisticated network attacks. Traditional intrusion detection and firewall systems are no longer sufficient to handle these advanced threats. As a result, network situational awareness has emerged as a vital approach to enhance network security, particularly in power information systems. By leveraging big data technologies, network operators can better understand network behavior and perform rapid analyses of diverse data types, enabling effective threat detection and mitigation.
OBJECTIVES: The primary goals of this study are: To develop a robust security situational awareness framework for power information systems. To integrate tools and methods for efficient data collection, processing, storage, analysis, and visualization. To implement scalable and high-performance solutions for detecting and forecasting various network security risks.
METHODS: Data Collection: Tools such as Flume and Kafka are used to collect network attack logs and relevant data.
Data Processing: Frameworks like Apache Spark and Storm are employed for batch and real-time data analysis, ensuring fast and efficient handling of large datasets.
Feature Extraction: A Deep Gated Recurrent Unit (D-GRU) model is used to determine index weights and extract critical features of the network security situation.
Scenario Assessment: A decision matrix is constructed and analyzed using Apache Spark to assess the current state of network security.
RESULTS: The proposed framework demonstrated scalability, ease of deployment, and high availability. These characteristics allowed for effective detection and forecasting of various network security threats, providing an advanced understanding of network behavior and enhancing overall security posture.
CONCLUSION: The integration of big data technologies with network situational awareness offers a significant improvement in detecting and preventing sophisticated network attacks. The proposed framework, which leverages tools like Flume, Kafka, Spark, and D-GRU, provides a comprehensive solution for network security, ensuring robust performance and adaptability to dynamic security challenges. This approach is particularly effective for power information systems, enabling proactive threat mitigation and improved network reliability.