bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Shell-Heap at Polmonthill, Falkirk
Authors: Stevenson Robert B K
Published: March 2023

A large shell heap on a raised beach was discovered by mechanical excavator. It measured 170 x 25 x 1.5 yards and comprised 6-7 million oyster shells with occasional mussels, winkles, cockles and buckies. Burnt layers with charcoal and heat-fractured pebbles were also present. A vertical sided pit was dug into the heap at an unknown date.
Notes: (1) An Example of Scottish Medieval Pottery found in Paisley, 19th December 1938
Authors: Mayes W P
Published: March 2023

Discovery of an earthenware jug of 13th-15th century date.
Notes: (2) A Small Hoard of Polished Stone Knives and a Polished Stone Adze from the Ward of Shurton, near Lerwick
Authors: Moar Peter
Published: March 2023

A hoard of 14 polished stone knives was discovered in association with a dilapidated cairn.
Notes: (4) 'Earth-House' at Naversdale, Orphir
Authors: Marwick Hugh
Published: March 2023

The earth-house comprised a roundish hollow surrounded by stone pillars around its periphery at intervals of approximately 2.5 feet. Large roofing flagstones rest on one centrally site pillar to form a 'room. The whole structure was covered by earth.
Notes: (6) An Old Cooling-Trough in Fife
Authors: Johnson Norman M
Published: March 2023

There is a curiously shaped trough by the well in the north-east corner of Hazelton cross-roads which was originally used as a cooling-trough in the adjacent smithy for a considerable period. About forty years ago the trough was placed in its present position for use as a drinking-trough, as each cottage then kept a cow.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, 1945-1946
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1944 – 1945.
Anniversary Meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the Society’s museum and library collections A report on the excavations that took place during the preceding sessionA note on the Rhind LecturesThanks were then given to members of the Council that made notable contributions to the Society. A list of meetings of the Society in 1946.
Notes on Scottish Incised Slabs (II)
Authors: Greenhill F A
Published: March 2023

Report on two incised slabs. The first slab of brown sandstone from Kinkell, Aberdeenshire had a crude engraved effigy of an armed man with a marginal inscription and two shields. It is a rare depiction of Scottish armour in the early 15th century. The second slab, also of brown sandstone is from Cross Kirk, Peebles. The incomplete slab depicts an ecclesiastic with parts of a marginal inscription. It has been dated to the 16th century, contra the inscription which reads "Shrine of St Nicholas 1260."
Excavations at Chester Hill Fort, Hundleshope, in Manor Parish, 1939
Authors: Keef Phoebe A M
Published: March 2023

The article details the excavation of Chester Hillfort in 1939 by Phoebe A M Keef. Excavations focussed on the entrance, the structure of the defences, and of the huts inside the main enclosure. The rampart, floors of an annexe and the terraces beyond it, were also examined. In the absence of any artefactual evidence the hillfort was dated to the Scottish Iron Age.
The Inauguration of Alexander III
Authors: Legge Mary Dominica
Published: March 2023

A re-assessment of the historical evidence and accounts relating to the coronation of Alexander III, which took place in Scone, Perthshire. In particular, the traditionally held view that during the coronation the Latin formulas were translated into French by the Bishop of St Andrew's is re-considered. Legge acknowledges it may never be possible to clear this matter up completely.
Field Work in Colonsay and Islay, 1944-45
Authors: Piggott Stuart , Piggott Cecily Margaret
Published: March 2023

Field observations were made on a variety of sites including standing stones, possible stone circles, burial cairns and duns. In particular the 'dun' at Dunan Na Nighean was re-interpreted as a possible passage grave.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Special Note

Front matter for Volume 80

Table of contents

List of illustrations

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

Office bearers of the Society, 1947-8

List of the Fellows, Corresponding members, Honorary Fellows, Etc., June 1948 

Additional Fellows for Session 1947-8

Lady Associate

Societies, Institutions, &c., Exchanging publications
Further Note on the Birthbrief of Walter Innes
Authors: Innes Thomas
Published: March 2023

Discussion of a 17th-century illuminated parchment which originated in Aberdeen and detailed the ancestry of Walter Innes who was in the service of the Queen Dowager, Henrietta Marie.
Scottish Episcopal Communion Tokens
Authors: Kerr Robert , Lamb J A
Published: March 2023

A corrected and augmented list of Episcopal tokens, together with an outline of the history of Episcopacy in Scotland.
Notes: (2) A Late Bronze Age 'Razor' from Orkney
Authors: Piggott Cecily Margaret
Published: March 2023

The "razor" was encased in the remains of a wooden sheath overlaid by cremated bone within a stone cist which is thought to be a secondary burial in an earlier mound.
Notes: (5) A Cist containing Skeletal Remains at Bonhill, Dunbartonshire
Authors: Henderson Stuart M K
Published: March 2023

A stone cist containing cremated human remains was disturbed during gravel quarrying in 1940. The human remains were identified as an adult male aged approximately 40 years.
Notes: (10) A Short Cist at Abernethy, Perthshire
Authors: Stevenson Robert B K
Published: March 2023

A short cist discovered during building work contained a Food Vessel. There was no surviving burial.
Notes: (11) Viking Markers in S.E. Newfoundland
Authors: Dunlap Maurice P
Published: March 2023

Discovery of two memorial stones of probable Viking origin.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, 1946-1947
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1946 – 1947.
The following Books are available for purchase by Fellows
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of books available to Fellows.
The Horizontal Water-Mill at Dounby, on the Mainland of Orkney
Authors: Cruden Stewart H
Published: March 2023

At the time of writing this mill was the last surviving of its type in Orkney and is one of the best examples of a type more common in the Shetlands and the Faroe Islands, less so in the Western Isles and Ireland. They are often known as Clack Mills due to the distinctive sound they make when in operation. Many mills would have been worked from a single stream on a family rather than a commercial basis.
Notes: (3) Two early Eighteenth-century neckslides
Authors: Stevenson Robert B K
Published: March 2023

A short note detailing neckslides in two differing styles that were donated to the Society by Fellows.
Notes: (7) Short cist at Knockhill, Kirkden, Angus
Authors: Stevenson Robert B K
Published: March 2023

A short note on the discovery of a food vessel found in a cist in Angus.
Notes: (12) A Bronze Age Buial at Balbie Farm, Burntisland
Authors: Piggott Stuart
Published: March 2023

Removal of a stone slab revealed a short cist containing the remains of two burials. The paper discusses the composition of the cist, its contents and the findings of W C Osman Hill regarding the bones.
Notes: (15) A Late Bronze Age Burial from Orrock near Burntisland
Authors: Piggott Cecily Margaret
Published: March 2023

A short note describing the finds from a burial cairn first published by Sir Robert Sibbald in 1710, including their dimensions. The author also proposes a probable date of origin for these items based on similar examples from the British Isles.
Anniversary Meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the Society’s museum and library collections A report on the excavations that took place during the preceding sessionA note on the Rhind LecturesThe Treasurer's accounts for 1946-1947 and 1947-1948

A list of meetings of the Society in 1948 is appended, as are lists of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1947 – 1948.
The excavations at Cairnpapple Hill, West Lothian, 1947-1948
Authors: Piggott Stuart , Anderson F W , Smith A M , Osman Hill W C , Orr M Y , Wallis F S , Platt M I , Dunning G C
Published: March 2023

A report on the excavations that took place on Cairnpapple Hill, detailing the sites uses from the Late Neolithic through to the Early Iron Age. The author details the construction of the site during each period of use, as well as the probable function and the finds that are associated with each period.
The excavation of three neolithic chambered tombs in Galloway, 1949
Authors: Piggott Stuart , Powell T G E , Anderson F W , Orr M Y
Published: March 2023

A report on the excavation of two gallery-grave tombs near Cairnholy and one passage-grave tomb near Bargrennan. These excavations aimed to determine the tombs’ construction, contents and any probable ritual purpose to the burial sites.
Notes: (5) A note on an Excavation at Dunan na Nighean, Colonsay
Authors: Piggott Cecily Margaret
Published: March 2023

A brief note about excavations that took place in Colonsay in 1949. C M Piggott and N K Sandars led the investigation which concluded that the site was occupied in two phases.
Notanda
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

[Notes from during this session.]
The Excavations at Bonchester Hill, 1950
Authors: Piggott Cecily Margaret , Eckford R J A , Ramsay J O , Orr M Y , Platt M I
Published: March 2023

After several other excavations in the area, the site at Bonchester hill was excavated in the hopes that it would provide evidence of the structure’s dates and their inhabitants. In particular, the excavators were interested in the dating and cultural origin of a ring-headed pin found at this site in 1906. Although few finds were made during the excavation, the author still reached some conclusions about the site’s earliest period of occupation, the layout of the site and the circumstances of the occupants.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 84

Table of contents

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

Office-bearers of the Society 1951-2
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the excavations that took place during the preceding session A note on the Rhind LecturesA report on the Society’s museum and library collections The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts.
Notes: (2) Excavations at Castle Law, Glencorse, and at Craig's Quarry, Dirleton, 1948-9
Authors: Piggott Stuart , Piggott Cecily Margaret
Published: March 2023

Notes on two minor excavations by members of the Edinburgh Archaeological Society. At Castle Law, an investigation into a rampart discovered on this site in 1932 revealed more about its composition. The authors argue that the fort at Craig's Quarry should be dated to the 1st century AD based on the finds made at this site and the character of the excavated wall.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, 1951-1952
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1951 – 1952. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1951 – 1952.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the excavations that took place during the preceding session A note on the Rhind LecturesA transcription of the Loyal Address sent to Queen Elizabeth after the death of her father the KingA report on the Society’s museum and library collections The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 86

Table of contents

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

Office-bearers of the Society 1953-4
Notes: (4) An iron object from Dunadd
Authors: Piggott Stuart
Published: March 2023

This unidentified object is compared to other similar objects that were found in Europe and Ireland. The author concludes with a brief acknowledgement of what this can tell us about the context this adds to the circumstances at Dunadd fort.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 87

Table of contents

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

Office-bearers of the Society 1954-5
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on alterations to the Society’s Laws and ConstitutionA report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the excavations that took place during the preceding session A note on the Rhind LecturesA report on the Society’s museum and library collections The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1954 – 1955.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the excavations that took place during the preceding session A note on the Rhind LecturesMiscellaneous reports on the Board of Trustees and the Ancient Monuments ActThe Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the meetings of the SocietyA note on the Rhind LecturesA report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the excavations that took place during the preceding session The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts. An amendment to the Laws of the Society was also proposed and approved.
Notes: (9) A Tripartite Disc Wheel from Blair Drummond, Perthshire
Authors: Piggott Stuart
Published: March 2023

The first tripartite disc wheel found in the UK was discovered in Blair Drummond in 1830, although it was mis-identified as a shield for many years. The author argues that while this form of wheel is rare in Northern Europe, there is evidence from elsewhere in Europe that allows him to suggest that the Blair Drummond wheel may be from either the Late Bronze Age or Iron Age.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, 1957-1958
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1957 – 1958. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1957 – 1958.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows and a report on how this affected the Society's roll overall. Other reports presented included:A report on the meetings of the SocietyA note on the Rhind LecturesA report on the Society’s publicationsA report on the excavations that took place during the preceding session The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts.
Excavation at Braidwood Fort, Midlothian and Craig's Quarry, Dirleton, East Lothian
Authors: Piggott Stuart , Piggott Cecily Margaret
Published: March 2023

Collated reports on excavations that took place at two sites in between 1951-55. The author suggests that the structures at Braidwood Fort may represent two different periods of construction, most likely preceding the incursion of Roman forces. The excavation at Craig’s Quarry provides an interesting comparison to other, relatively rare, Iron Age house sites in Scotland. One of the most significant finds from this excavation is the bronze La Tène brooch, the first of its kind to be discovered in Scotland. The article includes Appendices detailing the finds from Craig’s Quarry.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, 1958-1959
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1958 – 1959. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1958– 1959.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum and Library, 1959-1960
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1959 – 1960. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1959 – 1960.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows. The Annual Report was the delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Administration, the Proceedings and grants. The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts for 1960-61.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows. The Annual Report was then delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Administration, publications and grants. The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts for 1962-63.
The cup-and-ring marks and similar sculptures of south-western Scotland: a survey
Authors: Morris R W B , Bailey Douglas C
Published: March 2023

Over 150 sites in the counties of Ayr, Arran & Bute, Dumfries, Dunbarton, Lanark, Kirkcudbright, Renfrew and Wigtown have been recorded and tabulated. Information for each includes type and number, maximum diameter and depth of carvings, angle of stone to horizontal, and so on. Only immovable stones are included in the survey, museum material being separately catalogued. Most sites are near the coast, most face south and have extensive views, but only four are on hilltops. No associated material is known.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Before the Anniversary meeting began, an alteration to the Laws of the Society was proposed, debated and dismissed. A list of newly elected Fellows was then presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows. The Annual Report was then delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, publications and grants. The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts.
Meetings of the Society
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Details of Society meetings held in 1965 – 1966.
Further discoveries at Brackmont Mill, Backmont Farm and Tentsmuir, Fife
Authors: Longworth I , Candow R D M , Crerar R , Henderson D
Published: March 2023

Three collections are described. 1) The Brackmont sandpit finds of 1954-8 comprise cordoned and collared urns with cremations and a corded beaker covered by a plain bowl without cremation. In an adjoining field a surface scatter of beaker and cordoned sherds suggested a plough-destroyed domestic site and further burials. 2) The Brackmont pit, 4ft across by 3ft deep, contained Late Neolithic sherds, stones, flint and burnt material. The high proportion of rim-sherds suggests deliberate selection. Biconical and cordoned vessels, conical bowls with bevelled rims and open bowls are represented; the collection is related to, but distinct from, the Glenluce and Hedderwick sand-dune series. The Beaker-derived traditions and the varied forms foreshadow the ceramic range of the full Bronze Age. 3) The collection from Tentsmuir sand-dunes indicates intermittent settlement in NE Fifeshire from the Late Neolithic through much of the Bronze Age. Grooved ware (Rinyo 1), Beaker, Food Vessel, collared, cordoned, biconical and coarse wares are all represented.
Sickness absence among employees of healthcare organizations in the public sector in Mongolia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sukhee Erdenetuya , Sovd Tugsdelger , Khaltar Ulzii-Orshikh , Hamajima Nobuyuki , Sereenen Enkhbold , Davaakhuu Narantuya , Yamamoto Eiko
Published: March 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to understand the rate of sickness absence (SA) among employees of public healthcare organizations in Mongolia, to identify factors associated with long-term SA, and to estimate costs due to SA.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included employees of public healthcare organizations who had certified SA from 2016 to 2018. Sociodemographic and occupational characteristics of absentees and the data on absences were collected. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with long-term SA (≥15 days) among employees who had SA. Absence parameters and the average costs due to SA were calculated and the total cost due to SA at all public healthcare organizations was estimated.

Results

From 2016 to 2018, there were 13 653 absentees and 21 043 SA, and the absence rate was 0.9%. The average absence length per absence and absentee were 9.63 days and 14.85 days, respectively. Factors associated with long-term SA were age ≥40 years, 10–19 years in employment, working at the second and tertiary levels, and night shift. The average cost per absentee was 295.5 USD, and the estimated total cost for all health organizations was 1 796 993 USD per year.

Conclusions

The absence rate was 0.9% and older age, longer work experience, higher organizational level, and night shift were associated with taking a long-term SA. To reduce the costs of absenteeism and promote the health of employees in healthcare organizations, policymakers should review the policies related to SA and develop national guidelines on SA for employers, healthcare managers, and employees.
Resistance prediction in high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma with neoadjuvant chemotherapy using data‐independent acquisition proteomics and an ovary‐specific spectral library
Authors: Qian Liujia , Zhu Jianqing , Xue Zhangzhi , Gong Tingting , Xiang Nan , Yue Liang , Cai Xue , Gong Wangang , Wang Junjian , Sun Rui , Jiang Wenhao , Ge Weigang , Wang He , Zheng Zhiguo , Wu Qijun , Zhu Yi , Guo Tiannan
Published: March 2023

High‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common subtype of ovarian cancer with 5‐year survival rates below 40%. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) is recommended for patients with advanced‐stage HGSOC unsuitable for primary debulking surgery (PDS). However, about 40% of patients receiving this treatment exhibited chemoresistance of uncertain molecular mechanisms and predictability. Here, we built a high‐quality ovary‐specific spectral library containing 130 735 peptides and 10 696 proteins on Orbitrap instruments. Compared to a published DIA pan‐human spectral library (DPHL), this spectral library provides 10% more ovary‐specific and 3% more ovary‐enriched proteins. This library was then applied to analyze data‐independent acquisition (DIA) data of tissue samples from an HGSOC cohort treated with NACT, leading to 10 070 quantified proteins, which is 9.73% more than that with DPHL. We further established a six‐protein classifier by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) to effectively predict the resistance to additional chemotherapy after IDS (Log‐rank test, P = 0.002). The classifier was validated with 57 patients from an independent clinical center (P = 0.014). Thus, we have developed an ovary‐specific spectral library for targeted proteome analysis, and propose a six‐protein classifier that could potentially predict chemoresistance in HGSOC patients after NACT‐IDS treatment.
Hexagonal Co9S8: Experimental and Mechanistic Study of Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of a New Crystallographic Phase
Authors: Tian Bin , Sun Ligang , Ho Derek
Published: March 2023

The crystallographic phase is one of the most important parameters in determining the physicochemical properties of an electrocatalyst. However, existing understanding of phase‐performance relationship is still very limited, especially for unconventional phases. Herein, the experimental discovery of the hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) phase of Co9S8 is presented. This is the first demonstration of the hexagonal phase of Co9S8, and through correlated experimental and computational data, the first to elucidate the origin of enhanced catalytic performance from this new phase. The synthesized Fe doped Co9S8‐hcp (Fe@Co9S8‐hcp) catalyst, compared to its face‐centered cubic (fcc) phase, exhibits small overpotentials of 44.1 and 298 mV at 10 mA and 500 mA cm−2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively. Mass activity is enhanced by 64.9 folds compared to the conventional Co9S8‐fcc at 300 mV, which is the best among all Co9S8‐based catalysts ever reported. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the enhanced HER of Fe@Co9S8‐hcp mainly occurs at the Co sites, which synergizes with the doped Fe playing the role of coordination to strengthen H2O adsorption and dissociation. This study opens a new avenue for designing high‐performance electrocatalysts with unconventional phases for energy and environmental applications.
Photothermal Propelling and Pyroelectric Potential‐Promoted Cell Internalization of Janus Nanoparticles and Pyroelectrodynamic Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wei Junwu , Liu Yuan , Li Yingxin , Zhang Zhanlin , Meng Jie , Xie Shuang , Li Xiaohong
Published: March 2023

Cancer phototherapy experiences limitations in tissue diffusion and cell internalization of phototherapeutic agents and dose‐dependent side effects. Herein, Janus pyroelectric nanoparticles (NPs) are designed to generate self‐powered motion and built‐in electric fields to overcome the delivery barriers. Polydopamine (PDA) layers are partially coated on tetragonal BaTiO3 (tBT) NPs to prepare Janus tBT@PDA, and Au NPs are deposited on the PDA caps to obtain Janus tBT@PDA‐Au NPs. Near‐infrared (NIR) illumination of tBT@PDA‐Au builds in situ pyroelectric potentials on NPs, which selectively affect the membrane potential of tumor cells rather than normal cells to enhance tumor cell internalization and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for pyroelectric dynamic therapy (PEDT). The asymmetric photothermal effect of the Janus NPs creates thermophoretic force to propel NP motion, which enhances tumor diffusion and cellular uptake of NPs and boosts cytotoxicity and intracellular ROS levels. The inoculation of Au NPs increases the photothermal effect, exhibits larger motion velocities, produces higher pyroelectric potentials, and elevates cellular uptake rates, resulting in significant induction of tumor cell apoptosis, suppression of tumor growth, and extension of animal survival. Thus, the concise design of tBT@PDA‐Au/NIR treatment has achieved thermophoretic motion‐promoted tissue diffusion, built‐in electric field‐enhanced cell internalization, and photothermal/PEDT‐synergized antitumor efficacy.
In Situ Transformable Nanoplatforms with Supramolecular Cross‐Linking Triggered Complementary Function for Enhanced Cancer Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Zhao Mengyao , Zhuang Hongjun , Li Benhao , Chen Meiwan , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: March 2023

In vivo cross‐linking of nanoparticles is widely used to increase accumulation of therapeutic agents at tumor site for enhanced therapy. However, the components in nanoplatforms usually only play for one role and are independent of each other, unable to amplify their biofunctions. Herein, a complementary functioning tumor microenvironment triggered, supramolecular coordination‐induced nanoparticle cross‐linking strategy is constructed for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Manganese oxide (MnOx) and polyhydroxy photosensitizer hypericin (Hyp) are coated and loaded onto lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to form transformable UCNP@MnOx‐Hyp. In CT26 mouse colon cancer cells and xenograft tumors, UCNP@MnOx‐Hyp is reduced by glutathione and H2O2, releasing Mn2+ and Hyp for in situ cross‐linking to transform to UCNP@Mn2+‐Hyp. Compared to the simple photosensitizer‐loaded UCNP@PEI‐Hyp, the Mn2+‐Hyp coordination redshifts absorbance of Hyp and improves the energy transfer efficiency from UCNPs to Hyp (5.6‐fold). In turn, the supramolecular coordination‐induced UCNPs cross‐linking exhibits enhanced luminescence recovery and increased intracellular accumulation of both UCNPs and Hyp, thus enhancing the photodynamic therapy efficacy both at cellular level (2.1‐fold) and in vivo, realizing the function amplification of each component after responsive transformation and offering a new avenue for enhanced cancer therapy.
Recent Progress in Colloidal Quantum Dot Thermoelectrics
Authors: Nugraha Mohamad Insan , Indriyati Indriyati , Primadona Indah , Gedda Murali , Timuda Gerald Ensang , Iskandar Ferry , Anthopoulos Thomas D.
Published: March 2023

Semiconducting colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) represent an emerging class of thermoelectric materials for use in a wide range of future applications. CQDs combine solution processability at low temperatures with the potential for upscalable manufacturing via printing techniques. Moreover, due to their low dimensionality, CQDs exhibit quantum confinement and a high density of grain boundaries, which can be independently exploited to tune the Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity, respectively. This unique combination of attractive attributes makes CQDs very promising for application in emerging thermoelectric generator (TEG) technologies operating near room temperature. Herein, recent progress in CQDs for application in emerging thin‐film thermoelectrics is reviewed. First, the fundamental concepts of thermoelectricity in nanostructured materials are outlined, followed by an overview of the popular synthetic methods used to produce CQDs with controllable sizes and shapes. Recent strides in CQD‐based thermoelectrics are then discussed with emphasis on their application in thin‐film TEGs. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives for further enhancing the performance of CQD‐based thermoelectric materials for future applications are discussed.
Wireless Battery‐Free Flexible Sensing System for Continuous Wearable Health Monitoring
Authors: Wu Chenggen , Han Lei , Dong Yupeng , Guo Miaomiao , Wang Rui , Si Jiawei
Published: March 2023

With the spread of infectious diseases around the world, health monitoring is gaining importance as a key technology for disease prevention. Contact health monitoring inevitably causes a potential for disease transmission between patient and physician. Hence, the research on contactless health monitoring between patients and medical workers leads to increased attention. Current systems provide various wireless monitoring solutions, but two dilemmas need to be solved urgently. The first is replacing the rigid substrate with an all‐flexible structure. The second is the ability to wireless multiple parameters detecting. Herein, a wireless battery‐free flexible sensing system for continuous and contactless wearable health monitoring. The system consists of three sensing modules integrated with inductance‐capacitance resonators for monitoring temperature, humidity, and pressure while the sensitivity reaches 710.1 kHz %RH−1, 19.2 kHz Pa−1, and 630.1 kHz °C−1, respectively. All‐flexible structure satisfies the wearable requirements for contactless health monitoring. The continuous monitoring of daily activities demonstrates the potential of the wireless battery‐free sensing system for obtaining physiological status in epidemic prevention and control.
Propeller Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphorescence: New Aspect of Triphenylphosphine Derivatives
Authors: Gao Wei , Dai Xianyin , Hou Chao , Sun Weitao , Gong Qi , Chen Hongyu , Ge Yanqing
Published: March 2023

Triphenylphosphine (Ph3P) derivatives are used as indispensable ligands in catalytic chemistry, as represented by Crab‐tree's catalyst, Wilkinson's catalyst, and Grubbs’ catalyst. A serendipitous finding that simple substituted triphenylphosphine (tris(2‐methoxyphenyl)phosphine, RTP‐SDFMU‐1) exhibits ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in air, with afterglows of ≈6 s, is described herein. The phosphorescence properties of Ph3P derivatives without heavy atoms and/or carbonyl groups are remarkable both in polycrystalline state and powder state. A study with 25 Ph3P derivatives and single crystal diffraction analysis indicate that the number of n electrons in phenyl ring and the packing of molecules in solid state are crucial for their ultralong RTP. The present discovering may renew the general view of ultralong organic RTP molecules and open a window for the phosphorescence research of Ph3P derivatives.
Cognitive trajectories and incident dementia after a cardiovascular event in older adults
Authors: Vishwanath Swarna , Hopper Ingrid , Wolfe Rory , Polekhina Galina , Reid Christopher M. , Tonkin Andrew M. , Murray Anne M. , Shah Raj C. , Storey Elsdon , Woods Robyn L. , McNeil John , Orchard Suzanne G. , Nelson Mark R. , Steves Claire J. , Ryan Joanne
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a recognized risk factor for dementia. Here we determined the extent to which an incident CVD event modifies the trajectory of cognitive function and risk of dementia.

METHODS

19,114 adults (65+) without CVD or dementia were followed prospectively over 9 years. Incident CVD (fatal coronary heart disease, nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, hospitalization for heart failure) and dementia (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria) were adjudicated by experts.

RESULTS

Nine hundred twenty‐two participants had incident CVD, and 44 developed dementia after CVD (4.9% vs. 4.4% for participants without CVD). Following a CVD event there was a short‐term drop in processing speed (−1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.57 to −1.41), but there was no significant association with longer‐term processing speed. In contrast, faster declines in trajectories of global function (−0.56, 95% CI: −0.76 to −0.36), episodic memory (−0.10, 95% CI: −0.16 to −0.04), and verbal fluency (−0.19, 95% CI: −0.30 to −0.01) were observed.

DISCUSSION

Findings highlight the importance of monitoring cognition after a CVD event.
Tuning the Cellular Uptake and Retention of Rhodamine Dyes by Molecular Engineering for High‐Contrast Imaging of Cancer Cells
Authors: Jiang Gangwei , Lou Xiao‐Feng , Zuo Shan , Liu Xixuan , Ren Tian‐Bing , Wang Lu , Zhang Xiao‐Bing , Yuan Lin
Published: March 2023

Probes allowing high‐contrast discrimination of cancer cells and effective retention are powerful tools for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, conventional small‐molecule probes often show limited performance in both aspects. Herein, we report an ingenious molecular engineering strategy for tuning the cellular uptake and retention of rhodamine dyes. Introduction of polar aminoethyl leads to the increased brightness and reduced cellular uptake of dyes, and this change can be reversed by amino acetylation. Moreover, these modifications allow cancer cells to take up more dyes than normal cells (16‐fold) through active transport. Specifically, we further improve the signal contrast (56‐fold) between cancer and normal cells by constructing activatable probes and confirm that the released fluorophore can remain in cancer cells with extended time, enabling long‐term and specific tumor imaging.
Origin of the Activity Trend in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethanol over VOx/CeO2**
Authors: Zabilska Anna , Zabilskiy Maxim , Nuguid Rob Jeremiah G. , Clark Adam H. , Sadykov Ilia I. , Nachtegaal Maarten , Kröcher Oliver , Safonova Olga V.
Published: March 2023

Supported vanadia (VOx) is a versatile catalyst for various redox processes where ceria‐supported VOx have shown to be particularly active in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of alcohols. In this work, we clarify the origin of the volcano‐shaped ethanol ODH activity trend for VOx/CeOx catalysts using operando quick V K‐ and Ce L3‐ edge XAS experiments performed under transient conditions. We quantitatively demonstrate that both vanadium and cerium are synergistically involved in alcohol ODH. The concentration of reversible Ce4+/Ce3+ species was identified as the main descriptor of the alcohol ODH activity. The activity drop in the volcano plot, observed at above ca. 3 V nm−2 surface loading (ca. 30 % of VOx monolayer coverage), is related to the formation of spectator V4+ and Ce3+ species, which were identified here for the first time. These results might prove to be helpful for the rational optimization of VOx/CeO2 catalysts and the refinement of the theoretical models.
Structure Regulation of MOF Nanosheet Membrane for Accurate H2/CO2 Separation
Authors: Song Hongling , Peng Yuan , Wang Chenlu , Shu Lun , Zhu Chenyu , Wang Yanlei , He Hongyan , Yang Weishen
Published: March 2023

High‐purity H2 production accompanied with a precise decarbonization opens an avenue to approach a carbon‐neutral society. Metal–organic framework nanosheet membranes provide great opportunities for an accurate and fast H2/CO2 separation, CO2 leakage through the membrane interlayer galleries decided the ultimate separation accuracy. Here we introduce low dose amino side groups into the Zn2(benzimidazolate)4 conformation. Physisorbed CO2 served as interlayer linkers, gently regulated and stabilized the interlayer spacing. These evoked a synergistic effect of CO2 adsorption‐assisted molecular sieving and steric hinderance, whilst exquisitely preserving apertures for high‐speed H2 transport. The optimized amino membranes set a new record for ultrathin nanosheet membranes in H2/CO2 separation (mixture separation factor: 1158, H2 permeance: 1417 gas permeation unit). This strategy provides an effective way to customize ultrathin nanosheet membranes with desirable molecular sieving ability.
Hierarchical Microtubular Covalent Organic Frameworks Achieved by COF‐to‐COF Transformation
Authors: Mu Zhenjie , Zhu Yuhao , Zhang Yufeng , Dong Anwang , Xing Chunyan , Niu Ziru , Wang Bo , Feng Xiao
Published: March 2023

Pore environment and aggregated structure play a vital role in determining the properties of porous materials, especially regarding the mass transfer. Reticular chemistry imparts covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with well‐aligned micro/mesopores, yet constructing hierarchical architectures remains a great challenge. Herein, we reported a COF‐to‐COF transformation methodology to prepare microtubular COFs. In this process, the C3‐symmetric guanidine units decomposed into C2‐symmetric hydrazine units, leading to the crystal transformation of COFs. Moreover, the aggregated structure and conversion degree varied with the reaction time, where the hollow tubular aggregates composed of mixed COF crystals could be obtained. Such hierarchical architecture leads to enhanced mass transfer properties, as proved by the adsorption measurement and chemical catalytic reactions. This self‐template strategy was successfully applied to another four COFs with different building units.
Multiple stories: Collaborative and generative possibilities for psychological evaluation
Authors: Ruiz‐Alfaro Frances , Arandes Edgardo Morales
Published: March 2023

This paper explores a collaborative generative approach to psychological assessment employed in Puerto Rico, with children, adolescents, and adults. It begins with a critical reflection on how the dominant discourse of mental health, founded in the suppositions and practices of Euro‐American‐centred psychological knowledge, has been disseminated to the globalise south under the claim that its assertions are unaffected by social, ideological, or historical forces. It discusses how its claims of expertscientific knowledgehave contributed, through classificatory instruments such as the DSM and the ICD, to the production and re‐production of deficit narratives in our day‐to‐day life. It also examines how these practices have been applied in the use of assessment instruments in Puerto Rico. It then describes, how, through a collaborative approach and narrative theory, the established colonising practices and narratives of traditional forms of psychological assessment can be questioned, deconstructed, and transformed. This approach promotes the co‐creation of dialogic and generative spaces that allow for the emergence of multiple stories and performances that give meaning to a person's identity and relational being. A brief clinical case exposition is used to illustrate how this collaborative, dialogic, and culturally sensitive approach to psychological assessment can help to undermine and disrupt deficit‐based narratives and provide families with new generative possibilities for re‐storying and re‐performing their lives and particularly, the lives of their children.
Evaluation of Terminalia arjuna loaded in surfactant modified polycaprolactone nanofiber as an infection resistant matrix
Authors: Kumari Vandana , Mukhopadhyay Samrat , Gupta Bhuvanesh
Published: March 2023

Electrospinning of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber (NF) was carried out with bis (2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) and Triton X 100 (TX 100) surfactants. PCL and surfactant concentration were optimized to get fine NF. The morphological study of the NF was carried out by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. The structural changes were evaluated by X‐ray diffraction, and its elemental mapping was analyzed by energy dispersive X‐ray mapping. The addition of surfactants altered the morphology of PCL NFs and improved their physiochemical properties, such as wettability, roughness and crystallinity. Among these two surfactants, AOT gave a better NF structure. In the presence of AOT, the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna (TA) was incorporated as the herbal drug, and antibacterial behavior against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria was monitored. The novelty of this work was in the use of a surfactant as a cospinning agent for dual purposes in a single step. The surfactant changed the hydrophobic PCL into a superhydrophilic matrix and incorporated herbal extract to develop an infection‐resistance nanofiber. The developed PCL/TA nanofiber showed excellent potential as an antimicrobial agent with antioxidant properties.
A new genus of Praemordellinae from the Middle Jurassic of China
Authors: Sun Yifei , Du Xuheng , Cao Jiajia , Pang Hong , Bao Tong
Published: March 2023

Juramordella asperula gen. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) is described based on a specimen from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota, Nincheng County, Inner Mongolia of China. Juramordella asperula is distinguished from other Praemordellinae mainly for roughly punctate elytra, absence of subapical or lateral ridges on all tibiae and tarsi, simple, not bilobed protarsi and mesocoxa distant from procoxa, epicoxa not anterior to metacoxa, well‐developed metafemur and absence of elongated pygidium. The morphology of Juramordella asperula demonstrates the early mordellid‐like beetles have adopted the body shape with their way of movement since the Middle Jurassic, long before their flower‐visiting behavior was established.
Path planning for a tracked robot traversing uneven terrains based on tip‐over stability
Authors: Zhao Jiangbo , Zhang Jiaquan , Liu Hanze , Wang Junzheng , Chen Zhihua
Published: March 2023

In the real‐world environment, the path planning method of tracked robot is widely studied when driving on uneven terrain. How to solve the problem that the traditional path planning algorithm cannot adapt to uneven terrain because of the constraints of obstacle avoidance and path length is a challenge for tracked robots. In this paper, a stability‐based path planning framework for tracked robot is proposed to reduce the risk of rollover when the tracked robot passes through uneven terrain. First, a virtual plane method is proposed to estimate the attitude of tracked robot. Second, on this basis, a dynamic high‐stability path evaluation algorithm for tracked robot based on force angle stability margin (FASM) is proposed, which transforms the stability‐based path planning problem into a hypergraph problem. Moreover, considering that the optimization problem is strongly nonlinear and nonconvex, a hybrid algorithm of covariance matrix adaptive evolution strategy (CMAES) and Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) is designed under the framework of generalized graph optimization (G2O) to improve the solution efficiency. Finally, simulation and experiments show that the stability‐based path planning framework can effectively plan the high‐quality path, and the maximum stability of the tracked robot is 0.9156 when the robot crosses uneven terrain using optimal path 2.
Childhood trauma as a mediator between attachment and recidivism risk: A study of Canadian offenders with mental disorders
Authors: Adams G. Camelia , Wrath Andrew J. , Mela Mansfield , DesRoches Andrea , Adams Stephen , Andreen Anita , McKenna Anne
Published: March 2023

The current study aimed to explore the relationships between attachment and childhood trauma on recidivism risk in a sample of Canadian offenders with mental disorder (OMDs). N = 56 OMDs completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) questionnaire, a measure of adult attachment (Experiences in Close Relationships Scale), and interview to determine recidivism risk (Level of Service/Case Management Inventory; LS/CMI). The variables of interest had small to moderate correlations. Multivariable regression analysis found that ACE scores but not attachment insecurity were associated with LS/CMI scores. Mediation analyses demonstrated that ACE scores fully mediated the association between attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and recidivism risk. Results demonstrate that as exposure to diverse ACEs increased so did the risk to recidivate and this exposure mediated the relationship between attachment insecurity and recidivism risk. This study highlights the necessity of addressing both attachment insecurity and the experience of ACE when providing psychiatric services to OMDs.
Antitumor Cembrane Diterpenoids from the South China Sea Soft Coral Lobophytum sp.
Authors: Song Yu‐Ting , Yu Dan‐Dan , Zhi Su Ming , Luo Hui , Cao Jian‐Guo , Yao Li‐Gong , Liang Lin‐Fu , Guo Yue‐Wei , Yang Fan
Published: March 2023

Two new highly functionalized cembrane diterpenoids named ximaolobophytolides A (1) and B (2) as minor components, together with seven related known compounds (3–9), have been isolated and identified from the Ximao soft coral Lobophytum sp. They were characterized by the presence of an α‐methylene‐γ‐lactone moiety. Based on the comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, the absolute configurations of these two new compounds were elucidated by the combination of quantum mechanical (QM)‐NMR and time‐dependent density functional theory/electronic circular dichroism (TDDFT‐ECD) calculation approaches. In the anti‐tumor bioassays, compounds 3–9 showed moderate to significant inhibitory effects (IC50 values ranging from 29.66 to 0.39 μM) against the proliferations of five tumor cells HEL, A549, H1975, MDA‐MB‐231, and H1299. It might be worthy to point out that compounds 4, 7, and 8 exhibited better anti‐tumor activities than that of the positive control Doxorubicin.