bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural retrofitting method for evaluating RC Jacketing in columns with amplification of moments under seismic loads
Authors: Aguero Rosangel Rojas , Aguirre Jose Rafael Yepez , Schmitz Michael , Viegas Carlos Henrique Hernandorena
Published: April 2022

Abstract Different reasons can make certain structures need reinforcement to achieve specific levels of safety and performance. The occurrence of events of significant magnitudes, such as earthquakes, are examples of this. Retrofitting vulnerable structures becomes a practice to mitigate the destructive effects of earthquakes, and the RC Jacketing becomes an alternative. The present work studies this type of reinforcement, proposing and applying an assessment methodology under vulnerable construction built in a high seismic risk zone. The diagnostic of the current situation was determined, and the structural suitability was evaluated using RC Jacketing. With the computational software S-Model, created in this research, the effectiveness of the proposed reinforcement was verified, based on the results of the analysis carried out with commercial software. The preload was considered, and the strength of the reinforced column section was verified against all load combinations. The S-Model program was able to verify the non-simultaneous occurrence of the amplification of moments with the most critical loading. Both conditions demand more significant stresses on the element, and therefore the calculation of the steel areas of the column may be underestimated if they are not considered.
Agent-Based Modeling for Predicting Pedestrian Trajectories Around an Autonomous Vehicle
Authors: Prédhumeau Manon , Mancheva Lyuba , Dugdale Julie , Spalanzani Anne
Published: April 2022

This paper addresses modeling and simulating pedestrian trajectories when interacting with an autonomous vehicle in a shared space. Most pedestrian–vehicle interaction models are not suitable for predicting individual trajectories. Data-driven models yield accurate predictions but lack generalizability to new scenarios, usually do not run in real time and produce results that are poorly explainable. Current expert models do not deal with the diversity of possible pedestrian interactions with the vehicle in a shared space and lack microscopic validation. We propose an expert pedestrian model that combines the social force model and a new decision model for anticipating pedestrian–vehicle interactions. The proposed model integrates different observed pedestrian behaviors, as well as the behaviors of the social groups of pedestrians, in diverse interaction scenarios with a car. We calibrate the model by fitting the parameters values on a training set. We validate the model and evaluate its predictive potential through qualitative and quantitative comparisons with ground truth trajectories. The proposed model reproduces observed behaviors that have not been replicated by the social force model and outperforms the social force model at predicting pedestrian behavior around the vehicle on the used dataset. The model generates explainable and real-time trajectory predictions. Additional evaluation on a new dataset shows that the model generalizes well to new scenarios and can be applied to an autonomous vehicle embedded prediction.
In situ axial loading tests on H-shaped steel strut with double splay supports
Authors: Xu Xiao Bing , Ying Yu , Hu Qi , Chen Yun , Fang Hua Jian , Zhu Hai Di , Hu Min Yun
Published: April 2022

The design of a large excavation using a braced wall system (BWS) with H-shaped steel (HS) struts is introduced. In situ axial loading tests were conducted to study the load transfer and deformation mechanisms of an HS strut with double splay supports. The monitoring results indicate that the outer splay support withstands the most lateral earth pressure (48.5%), followed by the inner splay support (35.6%) and BC segment of the end support (15.9%). The safety redundancies of strength and stability for the outer and inner splay supports, AB and BC segments of the end support are all larger than 1.59. The axial deformations of the middle support and the whole strut tend to increase linearly with the loading process. Using the monitored total load of hydraulic jacks, the value of KT″ of the whole strut is estimated to be 158–189 MN/m. The modified value of KT″ (KT″ba/S) of the whole strut is 2.2–2.6 MN/m. It is close to the lower limit of the suggested range (2.5–3.5 MN/m) in the Chinese standard. The monitored data of typical safety control parameters during soil excavation and the monitored results during in situ loading tests indicate good performance of the BWS with HS struts in this project.
The combined effect of steel fibres and high-range carbon nanotubes on properties of high-strength concrete
Authors: Mansoori Hassan , Behbahani Hamid Pesaran , Alih Sophia C.
Published: April 2022

The present study investigated the effect of the addition of steel fibres (SFs) and the synergy of SFs and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the mechanical properties of high-strength concrete (HSC). The addition of CNTs prevents the growth of micro cracks during loading, creates a denser composite and enhances the bond between SFs and cement paste. Three samples of HSC with a compressive strength of 68 MPa as a control sample, HSC with 1% volume fraction of SFs (HSC + SF1), HSC with 1% volume fraction of SFs and 0.8% cement weight of CNTs (HSC + SF1 + CNT) were prepared. The mechanical properties of samples including compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of rupture, stress–strain curves and water absorption were investigated. The CNTs were mixed using an ultrasonic device in superplasticiser and water for 50 min to disperse homogenously. The results showed that adding 1% SFs to concrete improved the properties of concrete. The combined usage of SFs and CNTs in concrete increased the compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of rupture up to 13.1, 39.7 and 49.3%, respectively, compared to HSC, and 6, 12 and 14.6%, respectively, compared to HSC + SF1. Furthermore, the combined use of steel fibres and CNTs improved the toughness of HSC by 35% compared to HSC + SF1 and reduced water absorption of HSC by about 15%.
Waste-based mortars containing glass powder, GGBS, lead smelter slag and foundry sand reinforced with graphene oxide
Authors: Gholampour Aliakbar , Ozbakkaloglu Togay
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of improving the mechanical properties of mortars produced with waste-based binder and sand by incorporating graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterial. Twenty-seven unique mortars were manufactured by replacing cement with glass powder (GP) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and river sand with lead smelter slag and foundry sand. GO was added to mortars at of 0.05% and 0.1% dosages, and flow, compression and tension tests were performed on the mortars. Scanning electron microscopy analyses were carried out to evaluate the mortars' microstructure. The results show that addition of 0.05% GO caused decreased flowability and increased in strength of the waste-based mortar. Increasing GO dosage caused a further decrease in flowability and an increase in compressive and tensile strength of mortars. Strength enhancements in the mortars from 0.05% to 0.1% GO were less significant compared to those from 0% to 0.05% GO. The scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that mortars reinforced with 0.05% and 0.1% GO exhibited a more compact microstructure with less pores compared to the unreinforced mortars, resulting in improved properties of mortars. The results indicate a significant potential using GO in waste-based mortars for developing a new and sustainable construction material for structural applications.
Numerical simulation of damaged RC half-joint beams: towards appraisal and retrofitting
Authors: Abeysinghe Sithija A. , Yapa Hiran D.
Published: April 2022

Concrete half-joint beams (HJB) are characterised by local reductions in the overall beam depth at the support and are ideal for structural connections. However, the beam joint region is vulnerable to deterioration and design/detailing shortcomings. Non-linear numerical modelling of the behaviour of a series of impaired reinforced concrete HJBs was conducted in this study. The major defects considered were unavailability of diagonal bars/U bars, shear reinforcement inadequacy and reinforcement corrosion. The numerical simulations captured global and local behaviours of the beams. The load capacity prediction discrepancy was in an impressive range of −16.7% to +1.5%, in contrast to the predictions of the commonly used strut-and-tie model in the range of −39.2% to 16.9%. Subsequently, an experimental study was established using finite-element modelling to explore the retrofitting potential of defective HJBs using the deep embedment (DE) technique. The strength enhancement was almost 30% and the internal load paths and the failure mode of the defective beam were favourably altered with the post-installation of the retrofitting element. The DE technique was thus identified as an ideal option for the retrofitting of impaired HJBs.
SEGREGAÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL, COVID-19 E AS REPERCURSSÕES TERRITORIAIS NO LITORAL NORTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Souza Mariana Barbosa de
Published: April 2022

No presente artigo busca-se caracterizar as práticas espaciais percebidas no Litoral Norte gaúcho, notadamente em Capão da Canoa e Xangri-Lá, para relacioná-las com a pandemia que acomete a sociedade no atual contexto: COVID-19. A partir da aurora dos anos 1990 a presença de condomínios horizontais fechados é intensa e ela é estudada no interior das práticas de poder próprias ao contexto histórico e geográfico do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, considerando as práticas políticas em que se percebe, não como um pano de fundo, mas sim como constitutivas do próprio objeto e das acepções que se produzem sobre ele. Para aprofundar o tema, partiu-se dos entendimentos propostos por Milton Santos (1996), Henry Lefebvre (2000 [1974]) e Roberto Lobato Corrêa (2007), para explicitar práticas como a segregação e a fragmentação urbana, amplamente experienciadas no Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, para então relacioná-las com as repercussões territoriais da pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologicamente, a partir do materialismo dialético, pode-se evidenciar como a realidade concreta do Litoral Norte gaúcho influencia para as consequências advindas da pandemia.
As características de hospitalidade e comensalidade no polo de turismo cervejeiro de Pinheiros e Vila Madalena (SP)
Authors: Falck Robert Kenzo , Stefanini Claudio José , Wada Elizabeth Kyoko
Published: April 2022

No presente artigo, buscou-se identificar e analisar características de hospitalidade e comensalidade presentes no polo cervejeiro de Pinheiros e Vila Madalena, localizados na cidade de São Paulo (SP), da perspectiva de gestores de estabelecimentos. Caracterizado pela alta concentração de bares e restaurantes especializados em cerveja artesanal, o polo estudado é resultado do avanço da cerveja artesanal no país e no mundo, tendência observada desde 2000. As singularidades da comensalidade, como dimensão de estudo da hospitalidade, permeiam a fruição e divisão igualitária da cerveja artesanal, inferindo particularidades identitárias próprias nos estabelecimentos cervejeiros. Estes se tornam mais que simples ambientes comerciais, desenvolvendo simbiose com o meio no qual estão inseridos – a anti-gentrificação da cerveja artesanal. A associação destes estabelecimentos com os atributos únicos dos bairros estudados conduziu à criação, ainda que involuntária, de um polo de turismo cervejeiro na cidade de São Paulo. Metodologicamente, este estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, e utilizou pesquisa de campo para a coleta de dados, através de entrevistas não estruturadas e observação participante. O referencial teórico foi elaborado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Observou-se a existência e aplicação dos conceitos de hospitalidade e comensalidade como diferenciais estratégicos de condução de negócios cervejeiros da região, como resultados empíricos. Como achados teóricos, os modelos analisados foram comprovados através de evidências, quando aplicadas ao circuito cervejeiro local.
Lord Byron assombra a cozinha
Authors: Lunkes Luciano
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo investiga o arquétipo literário de Lord Byron na qualidade de ferramenta ficcional utilizada para compor o chef protagonista de Cozinha Confidencial: uma aventura nas entranhas da culinária, obra autobiográfica de Anthony Bourdain (1956-2018), bem como a ocorrência de uma guinada discursiva nas autobiografias de chefs celebridades desse novo milênio. Para a discussão, recorro a reflexões dos seguintes autores: Pierre Bourdieu (O poder simbólico), Chris Rojek (Cultura da celebridade), Myriam Bendhif-Syllas (Une histoire de l’écrivain maudit) e Franca A. Berllasi (Burroughs's Re-Invention of the Byronic Hero).

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PLANO DIRETOR E A EFETIVIDADE DO ESTATUTO DA CIDADE NO MUNICÍPIO DE SOBRADINHO-RS
Authors: Friedrich Bettencourt Denise Friedrich , Trindade Diego Puntel da
Published: April 2022

RESUMO

Pensando nas estratégias e nos instrumentos de gestão para o planejamento urbano que contemplam o Desenvolvimento Regional, partiu-se para este artigo, que investigou a função social da propriedade imobiliária urbana no Município de Sobradinho-RS. Para isso, utilizou-se da Constituição Federal de 1988 e da Lei Federal nº 10.257/2001 (Estatuto da Cidade), pois orientam os municípios para que promovam o adequado aproveitamento do solo, conforme o interesse local. Para tanto, se for preciso, têm legitimidade para intervir na propriedade particular, pois, como está positivado o direito de proprietário, também é devido de forma individual que ele atenda à função social. Diante disso, como conclusão da pesquisa, afirma-se que realmente houve a implementação de todas as ferramentas necessárias para uma efetivação da Função Social, porém, o Plano Diretor não estava sendo efetivo para o seu cumprimento. Assim, com o estudo realizado no Município (polo) da Região Centro Serra, o presente artigo buscou contribuir para o Desenvolvimento da Região Vale do Rio Pardo, visando a uma melhor efetivação do instituto “Função Social da Propriedade” nas políticas urbanas das cidades regionais.

Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento Regional. Planejamento Urbano. Constituição Federal. Estatuto da Cidade. Plano Diretor.
Editorial Encontros da Gastronomia
Authors: Minasi Sarah Marroni , Simon Everton , De Andrade-Matos Mariana Bueno
Published: April 2022

Não se aplica
Sementes Crioulas e a Formação dos Jovens do Campo na Efasc - Promovendo e fortalecendo a Agroecologia no Vale do Rio Pardo/RS
Authors: Limberger Diego Henrique , Costa João Paulo Reis
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo tem como finalidade entender e identificar as implicações do Espaço de Sementes Crioulas, no processo formativo dos estudantes e nas suas práticas agroecológicas no meio sócio familiar no Vale do Rio Pardo de estudantes do terceiro ano e estagiários da Escola Família Agrícola de Santa Cruz do Sul. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um questionário semi estruturado para os jovens e família, que foi enviado por meio de aplicativo de mensagem devido a área de abrangência da escola ser de onze municípios, impossibilitando a pesquisa em presencial. Os participantes foram selecionados de modo aleatório respeitando o critério de um jovem por município, de preferência estagiário e no mínimo 30% porcento de meninas. Após os jovens responderem a sua parte do questionário, eles dialogaram com sua família e também elaboram as respostas pertinentes as questões encaminhadas para as mesmas. Das famílias e jovens entrevistados, todos acharam de suma importância o trabalho realizado sobre as sementes crioulas ao decorrer do processo de formação e também destacaram o resgate de vários saberes e costumes de produção e alimentação após seus filhos/as levarem sementes para multiplicarem, o que promoveu uma maior preocupação com a produção de alimentos para o autoconsumo e também a potencialização de técnicas agroecológicas, o que permite um caminho de maior autonomia produtiva produzindo as próprias sementes para a realização da transição agroecológica nas propriedades da agricultura familiar do Vale do Rio Pardo.
A Terra e a Gente que nela vivia antes dos Portugueses
Authors: Theis Ivo Marcos
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo se tem o propósito de rastrear a trajetória dos grupos humanos com que se depararam os descobridores portugueses em abril de 1500 a partir um enfoque que combina análise histórico-regional e perspectiva geopolítica. Trata-se de apontar pistas que indiquem quem era a gente encontrada pelos primeiros portugueses, de onde ela saiu, como ela chegou onde foi ‘descoberta’, como ela interagia com o meio físico, como, aliás, era esse meio físico nos tempos que antederam o encontro entre indígenas e portugueses, enfim, o que aconteceu à gente e à terra após o primeiro contato. A hipótese é de que havia uma enorme diversidade de povos e biomas, ou seja, a gente e a natureza eram variadas em grau significativo. Conclui-se postulando um compromisso com a redenção da gente que, desde o séc. XVI, vem padecendo as agruras da conquista que se baseie em recordação contínua e identificação afetiva.
LANGUAGE PERSONALITY OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN TEACHER
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Kazantseva E.A. , Fatkullina F .G. ,   Bashkir State University, Valiakhmetova E.K. ,   Ufa Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation,
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of describing the language personality of a modern Russian teacher. The authors analyze the phenomenon under study from three perspectives: linguaecological, lingua-cultural, and psycholinguistic. The appeal to the lingua-cultural and psycholinguistic description of the linguistic personality of a modern Russian teacher reflects the search for answers to important challenges of our time, among which one of the key places is occupied by a distinct violation of the ecology of communication in the communicative space of Russia, where the most important institutions are at the epicenter of events: education and science. Over the past decade, systemic failures have been observed in the academic communicative space, leading to a shift in the lingua-ecological balance not only in academic discourse, but also taking root in all other types of social communication. This is explained by the fact that the academic discursive space, first of all, the space of a comprehensive school, is an environment in which the basic skills of subsequent social communication are formed. The authors emphasize that significant changes in Russian education (both in its content and in its structure and form) signal a difficult historical period, which cannot but negatively affect the psychological state of Russian teachers. The article analyzes the results of a field study conducted by the authors in 2018 among students of Ufa universities in order to identify relevant information about the school period of study. Within the framework of this study, both positive and negative traits of a school teacher, the ratio of the parameters of intellectual excitement and interpersonal rapport were identified. The complex of identified problems associated with the shift of the ecological balance in the system of academic discourse requires a thorough search for a scientifically sound and consistent with the dominant concepts of Russian culture concept of ecologization of the communicative space of education. The authors come to the conclusion that over the past few decades there have been noticeable changes in the psycholinguistic state of the modern Russian teacher. There is an increased level of anxiety and pessimism, conflict situations began to arise more often. There are more and more examples of destructive speech communication on the part of a teacher.
SHAPING THE PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Malikov R.I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Grishin K.E. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University,   Bashkir State University, Shaykhutdinova G.F. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: April 2022

The article discusses issues of a holistic approach to the study of entrepreneurship development at the regional level. The methodological basis of the study is the systematic approach and the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems based on it, which is used to study entrepreneurship at the regional level. A general approach to defining the structural organization of a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem is presented, which involves the identification of four types of mutually integrated subecosystems: business ecosystems, innovation ecosystems, knowledge ecosystems and enterprise support (promotion) ecosystems. It is determined that the parameters of the development of subecosystems, their combination effect on the creation, discovery and use of entrepreneurial opportunities in the local spatial environment determine the productivity of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. It is justified that the proposed structuring gives a clearer view from the point of view of forming and setting up an enterprise productivity management system The approach presented in the article provides an understanding of the general logic of the functioning of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem, which, in turn, allows the development and implementation of management tools that provide new opportunities for increasing the productivity of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem
FORMATION OF THE TRAJECTORY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT DEPENDING ON THE PROFILE OF THE USE OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL OF THE REGION
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Mukhametova A.D.
Published: April 2022

In the context of the deteriorating economic situation (caused by the coronacrisis) in the country and Russian regions, an objective need is emerging to change the paradigm of managing regional development, due to the exhaustion of the potential of the resource-oriented economic model and the transition to an innovative development path, as well as the impact of digital trends on the economy as a whole. Under these conditions, it is necessary to develop new conceptual approaches to regional management focused on innovative digital development of territories. The study of various approaches to the management of regional development allows us to conclude that currently insufficient attention is paid to embedding such a factor of regional development as the human capital of the region into the management system. One of the key regional problems is that the formed human capital of the region is unclaimed by the regional economy, which leads to its underutilization. The results of the assessment of the underutilization of human capital in Russian regions for 2019 show losses from 2 to 45 % of potential GRP, which indicates insufficient effective management of regional development. Data from employment centers indicate that currently the greatest demand is formed for working personnel and sales workers (25 and 23 % respectively), then only 10 % of vacancies (offers) are in the field of information technology. This state of affairs indicates the need to manage regional development based on stimulating demand for the human capital of the region. As the experience of developed countries shows, it is the human capital of the region that largely determines the development potential of any territory. In this regard, it is important to determine the trajectory of regional development based on the specifics of the use of the region's human capital. The author has developed a profile of the use of the human capital of the region on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan and four types of regional development strategies have been proposed.
Doğu Karadeniz göknarı (Abies nordmanniana (Stev.) Spach. subsp. nordmanniana) meşcerelerinin verim gücü ile bazı yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler: Şavşat Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü örneği
Authors: YENER İsmet , DUMAN Ahmet
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışma ile Şavşat Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü sınırları içerisinde doğal yayılış gösteren değişik yaşlı saf Doğu Karadeniz göknarı meşcerelerinin bonitet endeksi ve bazı ekolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve aralarındaki ilişkilerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Şavşat Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü sınırları içerisindeki göknar meşcerelerinden bakı grupları ve yükselti basamakları da dikkate alınarak toplam 60 adet alan örneklenmiştir. Örnek alanların bazı fizyografik özellikleri (enlem-boylam, yamaçtaki konum, yükselti, bakı ve eğim) ve meşcere özellikleri (göğüs çapı ve boy) belirlenmiştir. Sonra çap ve boy verileri kullanılarak her bir örnek alan için bonitet (meşcere verim gücü) endeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca her alanda bir adet toprak çukuru açılarak üst topraktan (0-20 cm) birer adet bozulmuş ve bozulmamış (silindir) toprak örneği alınmıştır. Alınan toprak örnekleri üzerinde bazı fiziksel (kum, kil, toz, hacim ağırlığı, iskelet miktarı) ve kimyasal (pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, organik madde) özellikler belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre bu yöredeki göknar meşcerelerinin bonitet endeksi ortalama 27.1 ile 31.1 m arasındadır. 1720-2228 m yükseltiler arasında yer alan araştırma alanında eğim oldukça değişken olup örneklenen meşcerelerin %76.6’sı dik eğimli ve sarp (eğim>%36) yamaçlar üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Örnek alan topraklarının %83.3’ü balçıklı kum ve kumlu balçık tekstüründe olup hafif asidik (pH=6.1-6.8) topraklar sınıfında yer almaktadır. Toprakların organik madde içeriği oldukça iyi olup %91.6’sı %4’ün üzerindedir. Araştırma alanı toprakları denizden yüksekliğin ve eğimin de etkisiyle oldukça taşlı olup %68.3’ünün iskelet miktarı %40’tan fazladır. Ayrıca bu yetişme ortamı faktörleri ile meşcerelerin bonitet endeksi arasındaki ilişki basit korelasyon analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Ancak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgu ve sonuçlar yöre ormanlarının ekolojisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
A Brief Review on Electrospun Lignin Nanofibres
Authors:   Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kollam, India, Raman Akhila
Published: April 2022

Application of bio-based materials in various fields is currently gaining momentum; and lignin occupies a prominent place among such materials. Integrating lignin with synthetic plastics is an innovative approach in the development of sustainable polymers. However, blending lignin with other polymers is not an easy process because of its brittleness and low dispersibility. Grafting of lignin with poly(methyl methacrylate) via atom transfer radical polymerisation enhances the miscibility of lignin with other polymers. A number of publications describe the applications of electrospun lignin nanofibres in various fields. Often discarded as an unwanted component this material has a vast potential for various applications. With the advent of electrospinning technique, lignin-based nanofibres used as an alternative to conventional lignin due to its exceptional property and thus find use in various biomedical as well as electronic applications. Antimicrobial properties of these nanofibres could be exploited effectively in the current pandemic situation. Numerous reviews have been lately published on lignin and lignin-based materials. Most of them focus on the applications of lignin, that is why the idea of the present review is to concentrate entirely on lignin-based nanofibres prepared by the electrospinning process and consolidate the applications of these electrospun lignin nanofibres
Global Crop Protection Industry
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS, Shishatskiy Oleg N.
Published: April 2022

The problem of the steady food supply to the population is becoming particularly pressing in the face of a projected decrease in the specific area of agricultural land per resident. In an effort to increase crop yields, agriculture depends mainly on chemical plant protection agents (PPAs), which produce strong negative effects. The research activities need to be concentrated on developing the alternative plant protection technologies that will ensure a sufficient crop yield increase. Based on statistical data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and studies and analytical reviews on protection of agricultural crops, the present work describes current market trends in the global crop protection industry: the volume and dynamics of the global PPA market, the regional distribution of this market, and the consolidation of key producers. Recent years have seen a decrease in the number of new chemical PPAs entering the market due to the greater research effort devoted to novel crop protection technologies, in particular genetically modified crops (GM crops), biological PPAs, and other alternative technologies, which are being developed and put on the market in response to increasingly stringent regulations in agrochemistry and ecology. Recommendations are made to producers of agrochemicals that will allow them to remain competitive and contribute to satisfaction of the growing demand for agricultural products
Improved diagnostics of “concealed” metastases in patients with сТ1–2N0М0 oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mudunov A. M. , Gelfand I. M. , Kropotov M. A. , Akhundov A. A. , Podvyaznikov S. O. , Vilkova A. S. , Dubinina A. V. , Bilik M. E. , Kaspshik S. M. , Krylov A. S.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with a high risk of regional metastasis even in early stages (T1–2N0M0). Morphological examination reveals concealed metastases in 20 % of removed clinically unaffected lymph nodes.

Objective – to evaluate the effectiveness of flow cytometry for detection of concealed metastases in sentinel lymph nodes as an indication for cervical lymph node dissection in patients with stage сT1–2N0M0 oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials and methods. This study included 27 patients, including 13 patients (48.1 %) with stage T1N0M0 cancer and 14 patients with stage T2N0M0 cancer (51.9 %). At the first stage, all participants underwent primary tumor removal and cervical lymph node dissection with sentinel lymph node examination. After mobilization, half of these lymph nodes was used for routine morphological examination followed by immunohistochemical examination, while the second half of them was analyzed using flow cytometry. Then we compared the results obtained.

Results. We examined 46 removed sentinel lymph nodes from 27 patients. Conventional histological examination revealed 4 concealed metastases (8.7 %). Polymerase chain reaction allowed us to detect another 16 metastases (37.8 %). Levels I, II, and III lymph nodes were most frequently affected. Flow cytometry demonstrated that 20 % of patients with a <4 mm invasion had concealed metastases, whereas patients with a 4 to 8 mm invasion had concealed metastases in 60 % of cases. Median follow-up time was 20.4 ± 11.7 months (range: 2.2 to 42.5 months; median 19.5 months). All participants were alive during this time. Seventeen out of 27 patients with stage T1–2N0M0 disease (63 %) were found to have concealed metastases, while the remaining ten patients (37 %) had no metastasis. One patient with stage T1N0M0 oral floor squamous cell carcinoma underwent the removal of the primary tumor and sentinel lymph node. Morphological examination and flow cytometry showed no metastatic lesions. After 14.8 months, the patient developed ipsilateral regional CN3 metastasis. The three-year progression-free survival rate was 94.7 ± 5.1 %.

Conclusion. Highly sensible and rapid flow cytometry can become the method of choice in the diagnosis of metastases and deciding on cervical lymph node dissection in patients with cN0 disease. The study is still ongoing.
A case of successful treatment of tracheoesophageal fistula using laser exposure
Authors: Novozhilova E. N. , Popadyuk V. I. , Sokolov S. A. , Chumakov I. F. , Chernolev A. I.
Published: April 2022

The study objective – to present a unique clinical observation of the successful treatment of tracheoesophageal fistula using laser exposure.

Case report. Patient H., 51 years old, applied to the Moscow City Oncology Hospital No 62, Moscow Healthсare Department on January 22, 2018, with a diagnosis of thyroid cancer (multicentric growth), T3N0M0 (hospital No. 1974 / 43). Thyroidectomy was performed on 03.08.2009, removal of a recurrent tumor with resection of the esophageal wall and trachea – 03.02.2021. Histological examination No. 5589 / 56662–56668 dated 09.02.2021: papillary cancer with invasion of the wall of the esophagus and trachea. Resection within unaltered tissues. A mobilized sternocleidomastoid muscle was used to separate the esophagus and trachea. A nasogastric tube was used for 14 days. The wound on the neck healed by primary intention. The patient began to eat through the mouth. A day after the removal of the probe, facial emphysema began to grow intensively, which was accompanied by a cough. The nasogastric tube is reinserted. With fluoroscopy of the esophagus and with pharyngogastroduodenoscopy, a tracheoesophageal fistula was revealed along the right lateral wall of the trachea, about 0.5 cm in size, 1.5–2 cm below the level of the vocal folds. On endoscopic examination a week later, the fistula was already 1.0 cm in size. Conservative therapy and surgical treatment were carried out. Due to the flexible laser fiber, a phased effect on the fistula wall was carried out, both from the esophagus and from the trachea. Within a week after the first session, the fistulous opening decreased by 2 times. Then 2 more sessions were carried out with an interval of 10 days. During endoscopic examination from 05.05.2021 the fistula between the trachea and the esophagus is not defined. The mucous membrane is epithelized, smooth. Swallowing is free.

Conclusion. Thus, the problem of treating patients with tracheoesophageal fistulas is extremely complex and versatile. The localization of the fistula, its size, and the clinic’s capabilities for treating a patient are of great importance.
CURRENT STATE OF APPLICATION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING MICROSEISMIC MONITORING METHODS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Krasnikova O. , Lisny G. ,   Geounit LLC, Vyzhva S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the review of processing and interpretation of microseismic fracturing monitoring. The need to cover the works related to the intensification of production is caused by the underdeveloped practice of such research in Ukraine. The article describes the world experience of microseismic observations and outlines their prospects on the territory of Ukraine. Considerable attention is paid to the processing and interpretation of fracturing microseismic monitoring data. The choice of technologies is associated with the correct consideration of the geological structure of the prospective area or hydrocarbon field, as well as the previous stages of development of oil and gas fields. The ways of using the world experience of microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in the conditions of oil and gas provinces of Ukraine are determined.
A brief review of the literature on neuropsychiatric diseases of wartime.
Authors: Osokin N. E.
Published: April 2022

The following essay is intended to give an idea of some of the work relating to neuropsychiatric diseases and injuries of the nervous system during the 2nd year of the war. In the reporting year, many works appeared in this direction, which are of great scientific and practical interest.
Chronicle of the Society of neuropathologists and livres at the Imperial Kazan University. In a joint meeting on September 10, 1915
Authors: Steinberg S.
Published: April 2022

After hearing and discussing the reports of individual members on the situation of refugees arriving in Kazan, the Society of Physicians at the Imperial Kazan University and the Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University came to the following conclusion.
Correction of central hemodynamics disorders - the most important component of special therapy of ishemic insult
Authors: Shirokov E. A. , Potkin А. V. , Vilensky B. S.
Published: April 2022

The clinical examination of 100 patients with acute cerebral circulation disorders is performed using instrumentation. The use of current ultrasonic methods to study central and cerebral hemodynamics allows to show three types of hemodynamic disorders calling for differenciated treatment. Contraindications to the prescription of hypotensive drugs of central action, beta blocators, peripheric vasodilatators in patient after insult are determined.
Immunopathology of some forms of epilepsy
Authors: Chkhikvishvili T. S. , Malashkhiya V. Y.
Published: April 2022

The clinicoimmunologic observation of 85 patients with generalized forms of epilepsy, different in the course of the disease, as well as with medicamental resistance is performed. It is found that there is no an autorecognition defect in the reaction of lymphocytes of the mixed culture in the second time generalized form of epilepsy with favoriable course. In progradient course and medicamental forms the decreased proliferative reaction of lymfocytes showing the same nature of immunopathologic changes takes place. The results obtained suggest the possible importance of autoimmune disorders in pathogenesis of progradient course of epilepsy.
Gynecologic psychiatry. Current aspects of the problem
Authors: Mendelevich D. M. , Mendelevich V. D.
Published: April 2022

The general-purpose mechanisms of the formation of psychical phenomena in gynecologic and obstetric pathology are considered, in particular, in climacteric, premenstrual syndrome, castration, pregnancy, amenorrhea, sterility and etc. It is concluded that such physical factors as personal peculiarities of a patient, a type of response to the disease, information of the disease and prospect of the physicians prognosis are significant for the gynecologic pathology.
Prediction of the spastic component of grave alcoholic abstinent syndrome
Authors: Gasanov K. A. , Asadov V. M.
Published: April 2022

The resultes of examinations of hydroion balance (acid-base equilibrium, circulating blood volume, content of potassium and sodium in plasma and erythrocytes in 145 patients with grave forms of alcoholic abstinent syndrome are given. The data presented allow to justify the objective criteria suggesting the possibility of development of epileptic attacks within the limits of grave abstinent syndrome and underline the decisive role of the elimination of pathologic shifts of acid-base equilibrium and water-and-electrolyte balance by means of directional differented correction to prevent graver state as well as to increase the efficiency of the treatment.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de farmacovigilancia en el contexto de la COVID-19 en profesionales de la salud del Seguro Social del Perú
Authors: Rodríguez-Tanta L. Yesenia , Ale-Mauricio Diego André , Saromo-Meléndez Violeta , Lazarte-Ramos Anaís , Gálvez-Dávila Elisa , Pecho-Arias Gisela , Urruchi-Huertas Jack , Fernández-Rojas Paola , Delgado-Escalante Raquel
Published: April 2022

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el conocimiento, las actitudes y prácticas de un grupo de profesionales de la salud sobre la farmacovigilancia en el contexto de la COVID-19 en el Seguro Social de Salud del Perú (EsSalud). Se realizó un análisis secundario descriptivo de una base de datos que incluía las respuestas de una encuesta en línea realizada por el Centro de Referencia Institucional de Farmacovigilancia y Tecnovigilancia de EsSalud. De 144 participantes, el 66% mostró alto nivel de conocimiento y el 81,2%, actitud positiva; sin embargo, el 71,5% tuvo un inadecuado nivel de práctica de farmacovigilancia. Si bien los profesionales de EsSalud demostraron tener alto conocimiento y actitud positiva para implementar farmacovigilancia, esto no se ve reflejado en la práctica de esta actividad en la época de pandemia por el SARS-CoV-2. Se deben emplear estrategias para integrar a la farmacovigilancia en las actividades asistenciales en beneficio de la seguridad del paciente.
Plataforma laboratorial para monitorear el SARS-CoV-2 basada en la vigilancia de influenza y otros virus respiratorios en Perú
Authors: Palacios-Salvatierra Rosa , Huaringa-Núñez Maribel , Lope-Pari Priscila , Balbuena-Torres Johanna , Rojas-Serrano Nancy
Published: April 2022

En el Perú, la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha evidenciado la utilidad de tener un sistema de vigilancia laboratorial estructurado y en funcionamiento desde hace 22 años, basado en la vigilancia de influenza; inicialmente en modalidad de unidades centinela, y después fortaleciéndose e innovándose, con recur-sos propios y con apoyo externo, para generar información de calidad. Se han implementado avances biotecnológicos para la confirmación diagnóstica e incrementado las capacidades de la red nacional de laboratorios, manteniendo la eficiencia, considerando las diversas y complejas realidades de los niveles regionales, y superando dificultades de comunicación y articulación entre instituciones. Resulta necesa-rio consolidar este sistema, con trabajo colaborativo y coordinado entre sus componentes, impulsando su eficacia y oportunidad y promoviendo la vigilancia genómica de nuevos virus y variantes, como ac-tualmente ocurre con el SARS-CoV-2.
CGFDM3D-EQR: A Platform for Rapid Response to Earthquake Disasters in 3D Complex Media
Authors: Wang Wenqiang , Zhang Zhenguo , Zhang Wenqiang , Yu Houyun , Liu Qi , Zhang Wei , Chen Xiaofei
Published: April 2022

Earthquake disasters cause serious losses of human life and property. A rapid response platform for earthquake disasters can provide scientific suggestions for real-time postearthquake rescue deployment, reducing losses. We developed an earthquake response platform named CGFDM3D-EQR that quickly provides earthquake intensity for evaluating complex earthquake disasters. The intensity evaluations are derived from strong ground motion simulations that couple 3D complexities in elevation, medium structure, and earthquake source. The curved grid finite difference method (CG-FDM), which can accurately resolve 3D complexities during earthquake simulation, is adopted in this platform. We developed a CG-FDM parallel algorithm for strong ground motion simulation based on central processing unit (CPU) and graphical processing unit (GPU) heterogeneous architectures. With these characteristics, the platform can simulate strong earthquake ground motions and provide seismic intensity assessments in less than 30 min using our cluster. To verify the platform, we performed four simulations, and the results show that our platform is reliable and efficient. Owing to its user-friendly features and high efficiency, the CGFDM3D-EQR platform can play essential roles in seismic hazards responses, scenario earthquake evaluations, and related applications.
Editorial
Authors: Hernández Maldonado Luciana Inés
Published: April 2022

El proceso investigativo siempre ha sido conformado por buenas intenciones y grandes expectativas y con caminos inciertos que los docentes día a día incursionan en aras de generar aportes significativos a la academia.
La acción exterior de la Unión Europea en la protección del patrimonio cultural: Especial referencia a la Política Común de Seguridad y Defensa
Authors: Julià Barceló Maria
Published: April 2022

La protección del patrimonio cultural se ha desarrollado recientemente en la acción exterior de la Unión Europea (UE) a través de la Política Común de Seguridad y Defensa (PCSD), con el objetivo de incorporar una visión holística y de conjunto en la protección del patrimonio cultural en situaciones de preconflicto, conflicto armado y posconflicto. Por este motivo, y a partir de 2017, con la misión EUAM Irak, la Unión ha introducido por primera vez en una misión civil el mandato de Protección del Patrimonio Cultural (PCC), aunque por el momento con carácter residual, y vinculado al más genérico mandato de lucha contra la delincuencia organizada, y orientado a la reforma del sector de la seguridad (RSS). De todos modos, la adopción del Pacto sobre la vertiente civil de la PCSD (2018), ha propiciado —a partir de las lecciones aprendidas con la misión EUAM Irak—, que el Servicio Europeo de Acción Exterior (SEAE), junto con los servicios de la Comisión Europea, estén trabajado en un concepto de PPC que pueda ser introducido, junto con equipos de expertos en PPC, en las futuras misiones de paz europeas.
KARPAL TÜNEL SENDROMU TANISI KONULAN HASTALARDA PROVAKATİF TESTLERİN VE BOSTON SKALASININ ETKİNLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Paşahan Ramazan , Tetik Bora
Published: April 2022

AMAÇ: Üst ekstremitede en sık görülen periferik sinir tuzaklanması el bilek bölgesinde median sinir tuzaklanmasıdır ve karpal tünel sendromu (KTS) olarak adlandırılır. Tanı; anamnez, fizik muayene, Boston skala (fonksiyonel ve duyusal skorlama) ve EMG ile konmaktadır. Cerrahi tedavi kararı verilmesinde; ameliyat öncesi ve sonrasının klinik ve/veya semptomların karşılaştırılmasında skorlama sistemi önemlidir. Çalışmamızda KTS tanısı alan hastaların ameliyat öncesi provakatif testler (Falen ve Tinel testi) ve Boston skalası ile ameliyat sonrası Boston skalasının etkinliği tartışılmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: İnönü Üniversitesi Beyin Cerrahisi kliniğinde 01.01.2016 - 01.05.2020 tarihleri arasında KTS tanısı alan toplam 152 hastadan TOS (torasik outlet sendromu), travma ,servikal disk hernisi olmayan 41 hasta dahil edildi. Mini open cerrahi uygulandı. Hastalar; yaş, cinsiyet, taraf bulgusu, EMG, provakatif testler, Boston skalası ve eşlik eden ek hastalıklar açısından değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel olarak Shapiro-Wilk testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Bağımsız örneklerde t testi, ki-kare testi, Kruskal Wallis testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans analizi kullanıldı. (p<0,05) değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Analizlerde IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 programı kullanıldı.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 41 hastanın, 6’sı (14.6%) erkek, 35’i (85.4%) kadındı. EMG’de orta şiddet 23 hasta (%56,1), ağır KTS 15 hasta (36,6) ve çok ağır 3 hasta (%7,3) tespit edildi. Hastaların ameliyat öncesi ve ameliyat sonrası ortalama Semptom Şiddet Skalası, Fonksiyonel Kapasitesi sırası ile 34±3, 12±2, ve 28±5, 11±3 ‘dür Tinel testi 25 (%61) hastada pozitif, Falen Testi 22 (%53,7) hastada pozitifti. Ameliyat öncesi Provakif testler, Boston skalası ile ameliyat sonrası Boston skalası arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptandı ( p<0,05).SONUÇ: KTS ‘de tanı ve / veya tedavide gecikme kas atrofilerine ve fonksiyon kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Bu hastalık grubunda provakatif testler, boston skalasının iyi tanımlanması cerrahi karar vermede gecikmeyi önleyeceği ve ameliyat sonrası boston skalasının takiplerde yararlı olacağı düşüncesindeyiz.