bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Treatment Failure After Selective Rearranged During Transfection (RET) Inhibitors in Patients With Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Hadoux Julien , Al Ghuzlan Abir , Lamartina Livia , Bani Mohamed-Amine , Moog Sophie , Attard Marie , Scoazec Jean Yves , Hartl Dana , Aldea Mihaela , Friboulet Luc , Jules-Clement Gerome , Italiano Antoine , Besse Benjamin , Lacroix Ludovic , Baudin Eric
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) harbors frequent mutations in RET oncogene. Selective RET inhibitors (RETi) have emerged as effective treatments. However, resistance almost invariably occurs.

METHODS

MTC patients who were initiated on RETi between 2018 and 2022 were included. Baseline characteristics, RET mutational status, RETi response, available tumor tissue and molecular profiles sampled pre- and post-RETi were analyzed.

RESULTS

Among 46 MTC patients on RETi during the study period, 26 patients had discontinued at data cut-off because of progression (n = 16), death (n = 4), and toxicity (n = 6). The most frequent RET mutations at baseline were p.M918T (n = 29), and p.C634X (n = 6). Pre- and post-RETi molecular profiles were available in 14 patients. There was no primary resistance on pre-RETi samples. Post-RETi profiles revealed a bypass mechanism of resistance in 75% of the cases including RAS genes mutations (50%), FGFR2 and ALK fusions and and MYC p.P44L. RET solvent from and hinge region mutations was the only resistance mechanisms in 25% of the cases. Tumor samples from initial thyroidectomy, pre- and post-RETi, from six patients, showed an increase of the mean Ki 67-index of 7%, 17% and 40% respectively (P = 0.037) and a more aggressive poorly differentiated histology in three patients.

DISCUSSION

Bypass resistance may be the most frequent mechanism of progression under RETi. A more aggressive histology may arise following RETi and warrants further investigation.
Role of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Map-Based First- and High-Order Radiomic Features for the Discrimination of Sacral Chordomas and Chondrosarcomas With Overlapping Conventional Imaging Features
Authors: Amini Behrang , Chenglei Liu , Duran-Sierra Elvis , Wang Wei-Lien , Canjirathinkal Mathew A. , Moradi Heerod , Green William N. , Madewell John E. , Costelloe Collen M. , Murphy William A. , Valenzuela Raul F.
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE

Chondrosarcomas arise from the lateral pelvis; however, midline chondrosarcomas (10%) display similar imaging features to chordoma, causing a diagnostic challenge. This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)–based radiomic features and two novel diffusion indices for differentiating sacral chordomas and chondrosarcomas.

METHODS

A retrospective, multireader review was performed of 82 pelvic MRIs (42 chordomas and 40 chondrosarcomas) between December 2014 and September 2021, split into training (n = 69) and validation (n = 13) data sets. Lesions were segmented on a single slice from ADC maps. Eight first-order features (minimum, mean, median, and maximum ADC, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy) and two novel indices: restriction index (RI, proportion of lesions with restricted diffusion) and facilitation index (FI, proportion of lesions with facilitated diffusion) were estimated. One hundred seven radiomic features comparing patients with chondrosarcoma versus chordoma were sorted based on mean group differences.

RESULTS

There was good to excellent interobserver reliability for eight of the 10 ADC metrics on the training data set. Significant differences were observed ( P < .005) for RI, FI, median, mean, and skewness using the training data set. Optimal cutpoints for diagnosis of chordoma were RI > 0.015; FI < 0.25; mean ADC < 1.7 × 10–3 mm2/s; and skewness >0.177. The optimal decision tree relied on FI. In a secondary analysis, significant differences ( P < .00047) in chondrosarcoma versus chordoma were found in 18 of 107 radiomic features, including six first-order and 12 high-order features.

CONCLUSION

The novel ADC index, FI, in addition to ADC mean, skewness, and 12 high-order radiomic features, could help differentiate sacral chordomas from chondrosarcomas.
A Transition to Practice Curriculum for Anesthesiology Fellows
Authors: Burke Harold W. , Eibel Maria R. , Wang Sheri , Tripp Rickquel , Emerick Trent D.
Published: December 2023

Graduate medical education trainees must be well-versed in practice management principles and how the application of this knowledge affects their patient care. The lack of exposure of anesthesiology trainees to practice management topics remains an ongoing concern nationally. Given similar feedback regarding education on practice management and financial literacy topics across all of our department’s fellowship specialties, a novel pilot curriculum comprising a virtual lecture and workshop series was delivered to anesthesiology fellows throughout the academic years 2020 to 2023. Lecture topics included (1) personal finance and contract negotiation, (2) interview preparation and well-being, (3) conflict management, and (4) diversity and inclusion lectures.
Regulated dynamic subcellular GLUT4 localization revealed by proximal proteome mapping in human muscle cells
Authors: Ray Anuttoma , Wen Jennifer , Yammine Lucie , Culver Jeff , Parida Isabella Supardi , Garren Jeonifer , Xue Liang , Hales Katherine , Xiang Qing , Birnbaum Morris J. , Zhang Bei B. , Monetti Mara , McGraw Timothy E.
Published: December 2023

Regulation of glucose transport, which is central for control of whole-body metabolism, is determined by the amount of GLUT4 glucose transporter (also known as SLC2A4) in the plasma membrane (PM) of fat and muscle cells. Physiologic signals [such as activated insulin receptor or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)] increase PM GLUT4. Here, we show that the distribution of GLUT4 between the PM and interior of human muscle cells is dynamically maintained, and that AMPK promotes PM redistribution of GLUT4 by regulating exocytosis and endocytosis. Stimulation of exocytosis by AMPK is mediated by Rab10 and the Rab GTPase-activating protein TBC1D4. APEX2 proximity mapping reveals that GLUT4 traverses both PM-proximal and PM-distal compartments in unstimulated muscle cells, further supporting retention of GLUT4 by a constitutive retrieval mechanism. AMPK-stimulated translocation involves GLUT4 redistribution among the same compartments traversed in unstimulated cells, with a significant recruitment of GLUT4 from the Golgi and trans-Golgi network compartments. Our comprehensive proximal protein mapping provides an integrated, high-density, whole-cell accounting of the localization of GLUT4 at a resolution of ∼20 nm that serves as a structural framework for understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating GLUT4 trafficking downstream of different signaling inputs in a physiologically relevant cell type.
Route retracing: way pointing and multiple vector memories in trail-following ants
Authors: Freas Cody A. , Spetch Marcia L.
Published: December 2023

Maintaining positional estimates of goal locations is a fundamental task for navigating animals. Diverse animal groups, including both vertebrates and invertebrates, can accomplish this through path integration. During path integration, navigators integrate movement changes, tracking both distance and direction, to generate a spatial estimate of their start location, or global vector, allowing efficient direct return travel without retracing the outbound route. In ants, path integration is accomplished through the coupling of pedometer and celestial compass estimates. Within path integration, it has been theorized navigators may use multiple vector memories for way pointing. However, in many instances, these navigators may instead be homing via view alignment. Here, we present evidence that trail-following ants can attend to segments of their global vector to retrace their non-straight pheromone trails, without the confound of familiar views. Veromessor pergandei foragers navigate to directionally distinct intermediate sites via path integration by orienting along separate legs of their inbound route at unfamiliar locations, indicating these changes are not triggered by familiar external cues, but by vector state. These findings contrast with path integration as a singular memory estimate in ants and underscore the system's ability to way point to intermediate goals along the inbound route via multiple vector memories, akin to trapline foraging in bees visiting multiple flower patches. We discuss how reliance on non-straight pheromone-marked trails may support attending to separate vectors to remain on the pheromone rather than attempting straight-line shortcuts back to the nest.
Translating Physical Activity Intentions into Behavior: Reflective, Regulatory, and Reflexive Processes
Authors: Rhodes Ryan E.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article was to review predictors of the physical activity (PA) intention–behavior relationship. The review provides evidence for the hypothesis that reflective (consciously deliberated expectations of PA), regulatory (tactics used to enact intentions), and reflexive (stimulus-based associative motivation) processes represent independent determinants of translating PA intentions into action, yet differ in relative contribution across time and circumstance.
Translating In Vitro Models of Exercise in Human Muscle Cells: A Mitocentric View
Authors: Yeo Reichelle X. , Noone John , Sparks Lauren M.
Published: December 2023

Human skeletal muscle cell (HSkMC) models provide the opportunity to examine in vivo training-induced muscle-specific mitochondrial adaptations, additionally allowing for deeper interrogation into the effect of in vitro exercise models on myocellular mitochondrial quality and quantity. As such, this review will compare and contrast the effects of in vivo and in vitro models of exercise on mitochondrial adaptations in HSkMCs.
Ανδρέας Μοράκης, Οι ελληνικές αποικίες της Μεγάλης Ελλάδας κατά την αρχαϊκή εποχή: Πολιτεία-Κοινωνία-Οικονομία, Αθήναι, Ινστιτούτο του Βιβλίου-Εκδόσεις Καρδαμίτσα, 2019, σσ. 560. ISBN: 978-960-354-501-9. € 33
Authors: Scirpo Paolo Daniele
Published: December 2023

Book Review
Η «Περιφέρεια» αλλάζει
Authors: Κατσίκας Δημήτρης , Ανδρέου Γιώργος , Μανώλη Παναγιώτα , Μαρής Γιώργος , Χάρδας Τάσος
Published: December 2023

Σημείωμα των Διευθυντών Σύνταξης.
Νέοι που βρίσκονται εκτός Εκπαίδευσης, Απασχόλησης και Κατάρτισης (NEETs): Όψεις και διαστάσεις μιας σύγχρονης μορφής ευπαθούς κοινωνικής ομάδας
Authors: Παππά Λαμπρινή , Καραλής Θανάσης
Published: December 2023

Ο όρος NEETs (youth Not in Education, Employment or Training) αναφέρεται στις νέες και τους νέους, ηλικίας 15 έως 29 ετών, που βρίσκονται εκτός εκπαίδευσης, απασχόλησης και κατάρτισης. Ως φαινόμενο εντοπίζεται παγκοσμίως, με τα ποσοστά στη χώρα μας να καταγράφονται διαχρονικά ως τα υψηλότερα σε επίπεδο Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. Τα αίτια, εξαιτίας των οποίων κάποιος νέος μπορεί να υπαχθεί σε αυτή την κατηγορία, είναι πολυπαραγοντικά. Σε αυτό το άρθρο παρουσιάζεται η εξέλιξη καθιέρωσης του όρου NEETs και αναπτύσσονται οι διαστάσεις αυτού του σύγχρονου κοινωνικού φαινομένου. Ακολούθως, εξετάζονται οι προκλήσεις των νεανικών μεταβατικών περιόδων καθώς και οι παράγοντες κινδύνου για τους νέους να καταστούν NEETs, ενώ μελετούνται ορισμένες από τις επιπτώσεις τόσο από τη μακροχρόνια οικονομική ύφεση όσο και από την εκδήλωση της πανδημίας του COVID-19. Τέλος, παρουσιάζονται οι προεκτάσεις αυτού του φαινομένου στη χώρα μας και οι αντίστοιχες ευρωπαϊκές πολιτικές για την αντιμετώπισή του.
Έμφυλη βία και κρατική εξουσία: ο αθέατος αγώνας των γυναικών μέσα από τις ιστορικές διαδρομές
Authors: Σκλάβου Κωνσταντίνα
Published: December 2023

Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να αποτυπώσει την εικόνα των γυναικών και τους πολλαπλούς ρόλους που ανέλαβαν στα χρόνια από το 1923 - 1974, καταγράφοντας την ορατή και μη ορατή βία και τις επιπτώσεις στη ζωή τους σε μια μακροχρόνια και ταραγμένη ιστορική περίοδο μέσα από το αφήγημα των ιδίων. Δεδομένου ότι η δράση τους συνεπαγόταν την εύρυθμη και δυναμική λειτουργία ομάδων, κοινοτήτων ή και συλλογικών μορφών δράσης και αντίστασης, μέσα από τη σύγχρονη βιβλιογραφία, τις ιστορικές πηγές, αλλά και την ποιοτική αποτύπωση των βιωμάτων τους, στοχεύουμε στην ανάδειξη της δικής τους φωνή και την καταγραφή του γυναικείου αφηγήματος στις ιστορικές διαδρομές.
Editorial
Authors: Schlaepfer Aline , Biçer-Deveci Elife , Hindelang Laura , Jaquier César
Published: December 2023

Editorial ∙ Éditorial ∙ Editoriale
APPLICATION OF NORMS ON THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF PUBLIC CIVIL SERVANTS AS A BASIS FOR PUBLIC EXPENSES
Authors: Volkova Victoria V.
Published: December 2023

The changes taking place today in the legal policy of the state, including issues of organization of the state civil service, are directly related to the need to meet the existing trends in the development of the life of the state of society. This is directly related to the increasing role of the policy of incentives for public civil servants. The issue of encouragement of civil servants in Russia is regulated by a multitude of normative legal acts, which are the basis for public expenditures. In addition, they also contain measures aimed at optimizing expenditures and increasing the transparency of the incentive process. The problem of encouragement of public civil servants will always be relevant for the reason that it is designed to ensure the most effective use of personnel. The current system of incentives for public civil servants in Russia has some shortcomings that need to be corrected. In particular, it is important to form such a system of incentives for public civil servants that will be able to ensure the most effective fulfillment of their official duties. In order to retain the most qualified personnel, it is necessary to provide state civil servants with the opportunity to move up the career ladder with a decent list of rewards for the conscientious fulfillment of their official duties. All this plays an important role in creating an effective state apparatus that can best serve the public and state interests.
FEATURES OF STUDENTS’ PERSONALITY TRUST IN COMMUNICATIVE NETWORK ACTIVITY
Authors: Akimkina Yuliya E.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the actual problem of personality trust of students in the conditions of network activity. The study of students’ personality trust in communicative network activity is of scientific significance due to the widespread inclusion of the Internet in life. Personality trust in the virtual world regulates human behavior. The aim of the study is to identify the features of students’ personality trust in communicative network activity.

Methodology and methods of research. The article used research methods: theoretical, empirical, methods of mathematical processing of psychological data: Friedman’s Xr2–criterion, Mann-Whitney U-criterion, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Computer data processing was carried out using the software packages “Excel” and “IBM SPSS Statistics 21”. A set of the following methods was used: “Methodology for studying the trust/distrust of a person to the world, other people, and oneself” (A. B. Kupreichenko) (the authors introduced an additional construct “virtual world”); “Questionnaire for problematic use of social networks” (N.A. Sirota, D.V. Moskovchenko, V.M. Yaltonsky, A.V. Yaltonskaya); “Methodology for assessing involvement in the use of information and communication technologies” (A.N. Tatarko, E.V. Maklasova, Z.H. Lepshokova, V.N. Galyapina, M.V. Efremova, D.I. Dubrov, M.A. Bultseva, E. .V Bushina, A.A Mironova). The empirical base of the study consisted of 200 respondents: boys – 100 people, girls – 100 people. Average age 20,6 years.

Results and scientific novelty. For the first time, the personality trust of students in communicative network activity is considered. As a result of the empirical study, conclusions were drawn that self-confidence prevails among students in the virtual world. A comparative analysis based on gender showed that girls trust other people online more than boys. Differences were found on the scales “Trust in other people”, “Compulsive use”, “Cognitive absorption”, “Committing economic actions”, “Smartphone use”. The analysis revealed significant relationships between the components of personality trust and communicative network activity. A high level of self-confidence reduces anxious mental return to virtuality, growing trust in other people contributes to a feeling of comfort and security in communication, and with demonstrated trust in the virtual world, the desire to regularly stay in it increases.

Practical significance. The results obtained during the study of the characteristics of students’ personality trust in communicative network activity can be used to organize a digital educational environment and make practical recommendations for conducting training work in order to develop digital competence skills.
INTRODUCING STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES TO SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL VALUES: PROBLEMS, CONDITIONS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Zakieva Rafina R. , Akhmetvaleeva Lyalya V. , Khusnutdinova Alsou T. , Shirieva Elena N. , Suleymanov Rafkat A.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of introducing students of technical universities to the values of science, scientific and technological development and education in modern conditions; determine the psychological and pedagogical conditions under which a value attitude towards science, technological progress and education is formed; propose a number of activities through which future engineers can put into practice their interest in scientific and technical creativity.

The methodological basis axiological approach as one of the key approaches in the formation of values. It is based on the understanding of value as the basis of human existence and attitude to the world.

Results. The psychological and pedagogical conditions under which a value-based attitude towards science is formed are identified; activities are proposed with the help of which future engineers can put into practice their interest in scientific and technical creativity.

Scope of application of the results. The results obtained can be applied in the educational process of higher education.
INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL PRINCIPLE IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT: THE POSSIBILITY OF MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION WITHIN THE STRUCTURAL THEORY FRAMEWORK
Authors: Slavutskaya Elena V. , Slavutskii Leonid A.
Published: December 2023

The research is devoted to the mathematical description possibility of the personality development dynamics within the factor models framework. The dynamic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck equation is used, which describes a stochastic stationary process tending to an equilibrium state. This equation has already been used by psychologists to describe the dynamics of development within the framework of personality “Big Five” model. In this paper, this approach is used for qualitative interpretation and visual demonstration of the integration and differentiation principles in personality development based on the transformation of R. Cattell’s factor model. A simple analytical solution of the equation for averaged psychological indicators is compared with the results of the author’s longitudinal study of the dynamics of changes in the personal traits interrelations for schoolchildren in the transition period between primary school and adolescence. When comparing theoretical and experimental results, it is shown that the model makes it possible to assess the patterns of mental development in a transitional (crisis) period, to interpret the mechanism of development, the manifestation of heterochrony and the integro-differentiation principle.
Morphological changes of the hepatobiliary system and salivary glands under the influence of stress
Authors: Denefil Olha , Chorniy Sofiia , Romanovych Viktoriia , Levkiv Mariana , Chornij Natalia , Tverdokhlib Natalia , Gryniuka Iurii
Published: December 2023

Stress can impact our bodies at the cellular level, causing changes to various organs and systems. Chronic stress can indirectly affect the hepatobiliary tract. Salivary gland dysfunction can be a manifestation of a large variety of systemic diseases or the consequence of local structural or functional pathologies. Stress can influence the oral microbiome, leading to changes in microbial diversity. Scientists study stress reactions, new resistance methods, and modern approaches to prevent and treat stress. 

The aim is to examine the morphological aspects and changes of the blood vessels in the liver and salivary glands of white rats in experiment using acute immobilization stress.

Materials and methods. In total 22 white male rats were studied, divided into two groups. The first was kept as a control, the second was subjected to acute immobilization stress. The rats were immobilized by hanging them by the neck with a clamp for 6 hours. Animals were euthanized with a sodium thiopental solution. Samples of the liver and parotid gland were examined histologically using hematoxylin and eosin stain.

Results. The livers of rats were studied after acute immobilization stress. Significant changes were observed in the liver blood vessels, including thrombosis and expansion of perisinusoidal spaces. Liver cells also showed changes such as karyopyknosis, colliquation necrosis, and hydropic dystrophy. The parotid salivary gland histologic examination showed swelling in the connective tissue, periductal regions, and perivascular spaces. In the acinar section, basophilia and swelling of serocytes were observed, along with dystrophic processes leading to remodeling of the acini and ducts. The narrowing of arterioles was observed, reflecting tension in the arterial system.

Conclusions. Exposure to acute stress can cause changes in the liver and biliary tract, increasing the risk of various diseases, including those that affect the oral cavity.
Stop Auditing and Start to CARE: Paradigm Shift in Assessing and Improving Supplier Sustainability
Authors: Tan Tarkan , Akyüz M. Hakan , Urlu Bengisu , Ruiz Santiago
Published: December 2023

Traditional auditing has been commonly practiced by multinational companies to monitor their suppliers for sustainability violations. Based on a collaborative supplier sustainability performance improvement program at Koninklijke (Royal) Philips N.V., we introduce a framework that offers a paradigm shift to an improvement-based proactive approach that makes use of suppliers’ self-assessments. We refer to this framework as CARE, consisting of the following phases: collecting supplier sustainability data, assessing suppliers’ sustainability levels, reacting to future violations proactively, and enhancing sustainability performance. The framework integrates analytics techniques to understand the link between the general characteristics of the carefully assessed suppliers—such as location, size, and sector—and their sustainability profile, enabling large-scale supplier assessment and improvement. This information is then used to leverage machine learning techniques to predict current and future sustainability levels of suppliers and to determine best actions for sustainability improvement using mathematical programming. The utilization of analytics constitutes a pivotal element in this endeavor and notably makes CARE highly scalable because it harnesses limited supplier data—namely, only general supplier information—while there is a need to support decision making concerning thousands of suppliers. Philips makes use of this framework and reports that the overall 2021 year-on-year improvement in sustainability performance was 24% for suppliers that entered the program in 2020, indicating the efficacy of the suggested approach.

History: This paper was refereed.

Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of TKI Dinalog–Dutch Institute for Advance Logistics on the project entitled “Supplier Sustainability Improvement” [Grant 2017-2-132TKI].
Mobbing as a social pathology
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, Bryndikov Yurii
Published: December 2023

In the article mobbing was shown as a social pathology, which is accompanied by collective psychological terror of the employee and leads to deterioration of the mental, physical and social health of the victim. We achieved the set goal, which involved a meaningful analysis of the essence of mobbing as a social phenomenon, highlighting the determinants of its origin and the factors of the formation of the offender’s personality. In the study, we observed the work of the teacher/pedagogue, parents, which influence the socialization of the child depends, its psychophysical characteristics, behavioral manifestations and their further projection in relationships with the surrounding. In the article we identified seven types of mobbing: horizontal, vertical, conscious, unconscious, sandwich mobbing, bossing and bullying. Individual (stress, apathy, depression, addictive behavior, mental disorders), social (dissatisfaction of the population with imperfect labor legislation to combat mobbing, spread of social pathology in Ukraine due to lack of prevention and localization) and corporate (aggressive competition, lack of enthusiasm and initiative in performance of work, increase in company costs, lack of creativity, increasing irresponsibility of employees) consequences of mobbing. It has been show achievements in domestic and foreign legislation aimed at preventing violent actions in the workforce are highlighted. The recommendations of experts in the legal field regarding the optimization of the Labor Code of Ukraine in order to prevent mobbing are indicated. Recommendations on the prevention and resolution of conflicts in the workforce are provided.
Informatization management of an educational institution in scientific discourse
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Solonyna Viktoriia
Published: December 2023

Reforming modern education involves updating educational technologies, in particular, the introduction of information and communication technologies in accordance with the requirements of the time. The author proved that the informatization of education presupposes the presence of a certain concept, specific managerial and pedagogical activities, the introduction of informational teaching methods. Consideration of the problem of informatization management of the educational institution in the scientific discourse provides an opportunity to reveal the essential characteristics of the researched process. The study of the problem of management of informatization of an educational institution through scientific discourse allows to detail the main management processes and to determine the most effective of them. The expediency of informatization management of an educational institution is confirmed by modern changes in human life, caused by the spread of information and communication technologies of education. In the article the author revealed the essential characteristics of the educational institution’s informatization management, which include the following: planning of educational institution informatization processes; development of planning of educational institution informatization processes; development of the information potential of the educational institution; introduction of information and communication technologies in managerial and pedagogical activities; providing of the necessary material base of the educational institution; ensuring the quality of education with the help of educational information technologies; implementation of monitoring of educational institution informatization processes; assessment of the state of informatization of the educational institution. The author studied out that the essence of informatization management of an educational institution is the creation of normative, organizational, personnel, pedagogical conditions that ensure the quality of educational services with the help of information and communication technologies of education. Informatization management of an educational institution is a system of management operations that should ensure the preparation of an individual for activities in the information society.
Psychological features of professional formation and personality development of specialists in the socio-pedagogical sphere
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Tovstukha Olesya
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the psychological features of the professional development (formation) of higher education graduates and future specialists in the socio-pedagogical profile. The relevance of the publication is due to the fact that in the context of information technologies, technologization and the problematic nature of professional activity, the issue of professional development and the convenience of competitive professional development acquires special importance. However, the psychological and psychological-pedagogical literature has not yet developed a unified comprehensive understanding of the professional development of the personality of a social work specialist. During the research, we came to the conclusion that not every person is suitable for work in the socio-pedagogical field. The determining factor is the candidate’s value system, which depends on his suitability as a professional and effectiveness in practical activities. Many new professionals in this field may find a serious “difference of opinion” between their way of thinking and the values of social work or social pedagogy as a profession or vocation. Avoiding the above-mentioned disputes by building a thorough system of professional development of specialists of this profile in institutions of higher education (development of an actual educational program; large-format educational components; maximum modeling of professional situations, etc.).
Midwifery higher education: who are we and who do we teach?
Authors: Chenery-Morris Sam , Divers Jo
Published: December 2023

This is the first article in a series of six inspired by themes arising from the Royal College of Midwives' State of Midwifery Education report. These articles will explore the current landscape and challenges in educating the future midwifery workforce, particularly those that pertain to the higher education workforce. This first article introduces the concept of a profession using sociological theories. It considers who we are individually, as authors, academics and midwives, and collectively considers our identity as a profession alongside those whom we teach. The aim is to ensure that staff and students are supported to succeed and thrive. Education can transform lives, so that current and future midwives can make a difference in providing safe, compassionate care for service users.
Building strong foundations in leadership and management for midwifery students
Authors: Abdul-Rahim Hadi Zulhiqman , Sharbini Sharimawati H , Ali Mursidi , Abdul-Mumin Khadizah H
Published: December 2023

This article explores the importance of leadership and management for midwifery students in their preparation to become midwives. The article combines a review of the existing literature, reflection on the authors' experiences and feedback from midwifery students on leadership and management modules at a university in Brunei Darussalam. Leadership and management skills are essential, and a requisite for every midwife to ensure coordination of structured, safe and high-quality midwifery care. Some important leadership and management competencies include decision making, managing resources, teamwork, collaborating effectively with other healthcare professionals, delegating tasks appropriately and efficient time management. Stakeholders in midwifery education, including educational institutions, public and private healthcare systems and women using midwifery services, expect newly graduated midwives to possess these foundational leadership and management proficiencies so that they can immediately perform their duties when they begin their new role as qualified midwives.
Combating female genital mutilation
Authors: Beeson Saul , Vincent Holly , Frankland Joe
Published: December 2023

Saul Beeson, Holly Vincent and Joe Frankland discuss addressing educational needs to combat female genital mutilation
Evaluation of a termination of pregnancy education programme in the Republic of Ireland: part 2
Authors: Fletcher Antoinette , Cowman Triona , Cazzini Hazel , Fleming Judith , Healy Niamh
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims

The extension of termination of pregnancy services in the Republic of Ireland represents a significant change to practice. As a result, education was provided to assist midwives and nurses to fulfil their expanded role. Using Kirkpatrick's framework, this study aimed to conduct an in-depth evaluation to ascertain if knowledge gained at a termination of pregnancy education programme was applied to clinical practice.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of seven midwives and nurses, 3 months after attending a termination of pregnancy education programme.

Results

Attendance at the programme prompted reflection on practice, with participants providing examples of how they applied the knowledge gained to the care they provide. The complexities of providing a termination of pregnancy service were highlighted, along with additional educational requirements.

Conclusions

Knowledge gained from the education programme was applied to practice improving termination of pregnancy care. Additional education and training needs identified will guide the development of future programmes.
Agentic misrecognition in the global monetary system
Authors: Feldmann John D.
Published: December 2023

This article employs the framework of agentic misrecognition to explore the institutional dynamics and distinct forms of agency operative in the global monetary system. The analysis is framed by the concept of “political recognition,” exploring the relationship between the dominant actor and subordinate actors, and showing the complex ways by which misrecognition is performed through, as well as shaped by, the sociopolitical logics of the monetary system. It shows how with the employment of formalist methodologies, the dominant actor protects its status by misrecognizing and resisting pleas for greater concern and more coordination, seeing subordinates not as creative agents but as challenges to its dominance. The analysis also explores how and why subordinate members come to support the misrecognition scheme even though it perpetuates instability and systemic inequalities. Similar to most studies on recognition theory, this article pays close attention to the plight of the misrecognized, but the analysis is also concerned with understanding the underlying cause of the misrecognition scheme and how the dominant actor as misrecognizer contributes to dysfunctions in the monetary system. In demonstrating the underlying features of the misrecognition scheme, this critique challenges established theories and methodologies in the monetary sphere.
Global warming will change the thermal structure of Lough Feeagh, a sentinel lake in the Irish landscape, by the end of the twenty-first century.
Authors: Ayala Ana I. , de Eyto Elvira , Jennings Eleanor , Goyette Stéphane , Pierson Don C.
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Recent developments in impact modelling of global warming on lakes have resulted in a greater understanding of how these vital ecosystems are likely to respond. However, there has been little quantitative analysis of this in an Irish context, despite the importance of lakes in the island's landscape. Here, we explore the impact of global warming on the hydrodynamics and thermal structure of a sentinel Irish lake under future climate scenarios. A 1D lake model, Simstrat, was calibrated and validated using water temperature data collected from Lough Feeagh, a site of long-term ecological research in the west of Ireland. Once validated, the model was then driven by daily climate model projections to generate informative thermal metrics for the time period of 2006–2099. Despite the moderating influence of the Atlantic, projections indicate that global warming will have a marked effect on the thermal structure of Feeagh, with surface water temperatures set to warm by 0.75°C under a more stringent mitigation pathway (RCP 2.6) and 2.42°C under a non-mitigation pathway (RCP 8.5). While warming was projected to be greatest in summer in the epilimnion, winter warming was greater than in other seasons in the hypolimnion. Stratification is projected to become more stable and earlier, and the growing season to be longer by 11 to 47 days, depending on mitigation pathways. Future studies could use a similar modelling workflow to investigate the possible implications of global warming on other Irish lakes, particularly those of specific societal importance or those of conservation interest.
From Tyrannical Personality to Mass Tyranny: An Adlerian Perspective
Authors: Bluvshtein Marina
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This article revisits Alfred Adler’s views of war, his pacifism, and his explanation of nationalism and patriotism. The author explores mass dynamics in the origins and maintenance of tyrannical social systems. The author then presents the idea that tyranny is a core ingredient of wars at all levels, proposes the key features contributing to the development of the tyrannical lifestyle, and highlights the Individual Psychological education and prevention required to eradicate tyranny in families, social institutions, and countries.
Precision and bias in dynamic light scattering optical coherence tomography measurements of diffusion and flow
Authors: Cheishvili Konstantine , Rieger Bernd , Kalkman Jeroen
Published: December 2023

We quantify the precision and bias of dynamic light scattering optical coherence tomography (DLS-OCT) measurements of the diffusion coefficient and flow speed for first and second-order normalized autocovariance functions. For both diffusion and flow, the measurement precision and accuracy are severely limited by correlations between the errors in the normalized autocovariance function. We demonstrate a method of mixing statistically independent normalized autocovariance functions at every time delay for removing these correlations. The mixing method reduces the uncertainty in the obtained parameters by a factor of two but has no effect on the standard error of the mean. We find that the precision in DLS-OCT is identical for different averaging techniques but that the lowest bias is obtained by averaging the measured correlation functions before fitting the model parameters. With our correlation mixing method, it is possible to quantify the precision in DLS-OCT and verify whether the Cramer-Rao bound is reached.
Phase unwrapping for MHz optical coherence elastography and application to brain tumor tissue
Authors: Burhan Sazgar , Detrez Nicolas , Rewerts Katharina , Strenge Paul , Buschschlüter Steffen , Kren Jessica , Hagel Christian , Bonsanto Matteo Mario , Brinkmann Ralf , Huber Robert
Published: December 2023

During neuro-oncologic surgery, phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography (OCE) can be valuable for distinguishing between healthy and diseased tissue. However, the phase unwrapping process required to retrieve the original phase signal is a challenging and critical task. To address this issue, we demonstrate a one-dimensional unwrapping algorithm that recovers the phase signal from a 3.2 MHz OCE system. With a processing time of approximately 0.11 s per frame on the GPU, multiple 2π wraps are detected and corrected. By utilizing this approach, exact and reproducible information on tissue deformation can be obtained with pixel accuracy over the entire acquisition time. Measurements of brain tumor-mimicking phantoms and human ex vivo brain tumor samples verified the algorithm's reliability. The tissue samples were subjected to a 200 ms short air pulse. A correlation with histological findings confirmed the algorithm's dependability.
Single-shot Fourier ptychographic microscopy with isotropic lateral resolution via polarization-multiplexed LED illumination
Authors: Zheng Chuanjian , Zhang Shaohui , Liu Siying , Yang Delong , Hao Qun
Published: December 2023

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) has emerged as a new wide-field and high-resolution computational imaging technique in recent years. To ensure data redundancy for a stable convergence solution, conventional FPM requires dozens or hundreds of raw images, increasing the time cost for both data collection and computation. Here, we propose a single-shot Fourier ptychographic microscopy with isotropic lateral resolution via polarization-multiplexed LED illumination, termed SIFPM. Three LED elements covered with 0°/45°/135° polarization films, respectively, are used to provide numerical aperture-matched illumination for the sample simultaneously. Meanwhile, a polarization camera is utilized to record the light field distribution transmitted through the sample. Based on weak object transfer functions, we first obtain the amplitude and phase estimations of the sample by deconvolution, and then we use them as the initial guesses of the FPM algorithm to refine the accuracy of reconstruction. We validate the complex sample imaging performance of the proposed method on quantitative phase target, unstained and stained bio-samples. These results show that SIFPM can realize quantitative imaging for general samples with the resolution of the incoherent diffraction limit, permitting high-speed quantitative characterization for cells and tissues.
Conditional Recurrent Neural Networks for broad applications in nonlinear optics
Authors: Lauria Simone , Saleh Mohammed
Published: December 2023

We present a novel implementation of conditional Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks that successfully predict the spectral evolution of a pulse in nonlinear periodically-poled waveguides. The developed networks offer large flexibility by allowing the propagation of optical pulses with range of energies and temporal widths in waveguides with different poling periods. The results show very high agreement with the traditional numerical models. Moreover, we are able to use a single network to calculate both the real and imaginary parts of the pulse complex envelope, allowing for successfully retrieving the pulse temporal and spectral evolution using the same network.
A multi-objective optimization based doherty power amplifier and its matching network optimization method
Authors: Sun Jun
Published: December 2023

In the actual design process of traditional power amplifiers, there is a problem of being cumbersome and unable to simultaneously meet low power and saturation modes. Therefore, an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm proposed by decomposition is introduced to optimize its matching network to achieve overall optimization design of power amplifiers. The algorithm, matching network, and optimized power amplifier performance are simulated and verified. The experimental outcomes denote that on the logic function with Zener diode transistor, the proposed algorithm has a mean generation distance index of 5.03E-3, which is lower than most algorithms. Its overall comprehensive performance is better than the comparison algorithm, and compared to the comparison algorithm, it converges more quickly in the early stage of iteration on 1 and 2, and tends to stabilize in the 40th generation, and completes convergence in the 80th generation. In addition, the optimal solution has already begun to appear around the 25th generation and reached saturation around the 70th generation. At the same time, in the actual working bandwidth, the optimized power amplifier saturation efficiency reaches 51.5%~61.9%, and the efficiency at 6dB power backoff is about 44.4%~56.5%. Overall, the algorithm proposed in the study is effective in optimizing power amplifiers and their matching networks, effectively solving the problem of insufficient efficiency in low power modes in traditional designs.
Responses of root characteristics and nitrogen absorption and assimilation to different pH gradients of winter wheat at seedling stage
Authors: Shi Chenchen , Wang Peiyu , Wang Guangtao , Hu Tiezhu , Ru Zhengang , Feng Suwei
Published: December 2023

Nitrogen (N) and rhizosphere pH are the two main factors restricting the growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North China Plain. Soil nutrient availability is affected by soil acidity and alkalinity. In order to understand the effect of rhizosphere pH value on wheat nitrogen metabolism and the response of wheat growth to pH value at seedling stage, winter wheat varieties ‘Aikang 58’ (AK58) and ‘Bainong 4199’ (BN4199) were tested in hydroponics under three pH treatments (pH = 4.0, 6.5, and 9.0). The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter in root and above ground under pH 4.0 and pH 9.0 treatments was lower than that under pH 6.5 treatments, and the root/shoot ratio increased with the increase of pH value. Regardless of pH value, ‘BN4199’ had higher root dry weight, root length, root surface area, root activity and root tip than ‘AK58’. Therefore, wheat that is tolerant to extreme pH is able to adapt to the acid-base environment by changing root characteristics. At pH 4.0, the net H+ outflow rate of wheat roots was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the net NO3− flux of wheat roots was also low. The net H+ outflow occurred at pH 6.5 and 9.0, and at the same time, the net NO3− flux of roots also increased, and both increased with the increase of pH. The activity of nitrate reductase (NR) in stem of pH 9.0 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments, while the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in root and stem of pH 6.5 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments. Under pH 4.0 and pH 9.0 treatments, the activities of NR and GS in ‘BN4199’ were higher than those in ‘AK58’, The root respiration of ‘BN4199’ was significantly higher than that of ‘AK58’ under pH 4.0 and pH 9.0 treatment, and ‘BN4199’ had higher NO3− net flux, key enzyme activity of root nitrogen metabolism and root respiration. Therefore, we believe that ‘BN4199’ has strong resistance ability to extreme pH stress, and high root/shoot ratio and strong root respiration can be used as important indicators for wheat variety screening adapted to the alkaline environment at the seedling stage.