bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN EXPOSITORY STUDY OF THE ISLAMIC APPROACH IN THE JURISPRUDENCE OF RIGHT TO HEALTHFUL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Abdulkadir Abdulkadir Bolaji
Published: October 2018

The Stockholm Conference of 1972 marked the emergence of a right-based approach to the protection of environment. Since then, it has become recognised that human rights can only be enjoyed in a pollution-free environment. The right to life may be violated by pollution of environment, which could endanger right to property as well, through interference with enjoyment of one’s property. This paper explores the various ways through which the right to a healthful environment can be ensured from the perspective of Islam. Although many articles have been written on the perspective of Islam to the protection of environment, very few exist on the rightbased approach to the protection. This paper examines the issue from the perspective of the five major principles of Sharîcah popularly referred to as Maqâsid Sharîcah.
DEATH OF LOCUS STANDI AND THE REBIRTH OF PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN NIGERIA: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS (ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURE) RULES 2009 IN FOCUS
Authors: Salman Raheem Kolawole , Oniekoro F.J
Published: October 2018

One of the various mechanisms put in place in order to address human rights abuses in Nigeria is the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 1979. However, the Rules were punctuated with different challenges and defects ranging from the problems of locus standi to unacceptability of public interest litigation. In an attempt to address this problem, the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009 was enacted. This article engages in a critical assessment of the 2009 Rules with a view to ascertaining the extent to which the Rules have come to cure the 1979 Rules. The article begins with a critical examination of defects inherent in the 1979 Rules. It goes further to x-ray the developments brought by the 2009 Rules. The article posits that the 2009 Rules have come as a leverage to problems which have, in the past, denied many litigants the opportunity to enforce their rights and claim compensation. It concludes that if properly implemented, the 2009 Rules will phase out the identified defects and strengthen public interest litigation in the areas of human rights enforcement.
Revisiting Freedom of Contract in the Contract of Carriage of Goods by Sea under the Rotterdam Rules: Service Contracts in Disguise?
Authors: Magashi Awwal Ilyas , Haruna Abdulrashid Lawan
Published: October 2018

The historiography of international legal regimes regulating freedom of parties to the contract of carriage of goods by sea is replete with uncertainties and enmeshed in disarray thereby deflecting the much desired effort to have a uniform and acceptable convention. This article examines the issue starting from the era of unfettered “one sided” freedom of “leave it or take it syndrome” down to the regulated hegemony under the Hague/Hague-Visby, as well as Hamburg Rules. This raises the question: to what extent should the freedom of parties be regulated under the proposed Rotterdam Rules? In an attempt to answer this question, the article apprises the antecedents of parties’ freedom under the existing anachronistic regimes in juxtaposition with the practice under the Rotterdam Rules with a view to promoting development of global commerce. The article further observes that the mechanism provided under the canopy of “volume contract” suggests a better package but with its attendant consequences. The article suggests the need for a holistic approach towards ratification of the Rotterdam Rules albeit, subject to some certain amendments with a view of eschewing the egocentric syndrome that pervaded the success of the Hamburg Rules by the major maritime players.
Towards an Effective Legal Framework for Online Dispute Resolution in E-commerce Transactions: Trends, Traditions and Transitions
Authors: Omoola Sodiq O. , Oseni Umar A
Published: October 2018

The need for convergence of best practices in Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) cannot be overemphasised in an increasingly digitalised world. This undoubtedly led to the introduction of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) few decades ago which is considered a fast, seamless, and convenient means of dispute resolution. With the increasing prominence of e-commerce transactions, several countries and regions of the world are on the quest to provide an effective legal framework for ODR in e-commerce dealings. This article analyses the approaches to ODR legislations for consumer protection in selected jurisdictions. The article finds that a comparative legal approach with some leverage on legal borrowing can help to create the required legal environment for ODR in other jurisdictions.
The Compatibility of Land Tenure Law in Zanzibar with Islamic Principles: An Analysis
Authors: Hikmany Abdul-Nasser Hamed , Bin Othman Ahmad Azam , Syed Abdul Kader Sharifah Zubaidah
Published: October 2018

Zanzibar land law has been influenced by customary tenure, foreign principles and conventional land regulation. Islamic principles, being the most practiced faith in Zanzibar, are also largely reflected in the regulations and laws of land. This article examines the compatibility of the land tenure laws in Zanzibar with Islamic principles relating to land rights. A comprehensive research has been made through legislation, case laws, textbooks, journal articles, Islamic and Muslim literatures to investigate the compatibility of present land laws in Zanzibar on Islamic principles. This article has come to a conclusion that the Zanzibar land tenure is significantly compatible to Islamic principles save with some challenges facing the land tenure laws. For example, Zanzibar land law, as they presently stand, have provisions contrary to Islamic principles such as permitting interests, land monopoly and land confiscation. Hence, some recommendations are given for the Zanzibar Government to take in reforming the land tenure laws adjacent to Islamic principles.
The Family Institution and Its Governing Laws in Malaysia as a Vanguard in Protecting the Society from Social Ailments: A Shari’ah Perspective
Authors: Abdul Malek Normi
Published: October 2018

The family is the basic unit of society that if damaged, will have a direct impact on the society at large. The increase in social problems and criminal activities are among the direct results of the decay of the family institution. Various matters within the family institution contribute to the strengthening or its weakening it. The failure of a man in carrying out his duty as the head of the family is one of the main issues addressed in this article. If he neglects his responsibilities such as non-payment of maintenance or fails to act as a guardian who protects the interests of his children, the direct victim will be the wife and the children. Sufficient evidence show that children brought up in an unhappy or broken family would have a higher tendency to be involved with evil activities outside their homes. This creates a new ailment or adds up to the existing ailments in the society. The role of the wife and mother in ensuring the stability of the family institution is also examined. Issues pertaining to polygamy also have a direct impact on increasing ailments in society, and this is also discussed. Finally, suggestions and recommendations are made in order to improve the current legislations and policies with regard to family matters so as to optimise their efficiency and contribute to minimise the ailments in the society. This article concentrates on the Islamic law as well as the legislation relating to family matters which are applicable to Muslims in Malaysia.
CRAFTING ANTI-TERRORISM LAW IN MALAYSIA: STRIKING A DELICATE BALANCE BETWEEN NATIONAL SECURITY AND PERSONAL LIBERTY
Authors: Kwang Ho Peng , Sabaruddin Johan Shamsuddin , Dhanapal Saroja
Published: October 2018

The sudden rise of this radical terror group calling themselves the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the brazen show of decapitation of their captives have sent shock waves across the globe. This prompted the United Nation Security Council to adopt Resolution 2178 calling for its members to take preventive counter-terrorism measures to contain the spread of this radical ideology propagated by ISIL. Malaysia in responding to this call, has passed and enacted the Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2015 (POTA) despite receiving much criticism that POTA has eroded fundamental human rights, in particular, the right to one’s liberty. This article examines the challenges faced by the government in balancing between national security and personal liberty when crafting POTA. The article shows that equilibrium is hard to achieve between the two competing rights and thus has become disproportionate by looking at the POTA itself. The article concludes Malaysia’s counter-terrorism strategy prioritises national security over basic human rights, which clearly is abhorrent to the rule of law and that in fact, the threat posed by terrorism could have been exaggerated by the government in their efforts to fight terrorism as there are many other threats to life which call for more attention than the threat of terrorism itself.
CHOICE OF ISLAMIC LAW AS THE GOVERNING LAW IN ISLAMIC FINANCE CONTRACTS: THE UNITED KINGDOM AND NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Olatoye Kareem Adebayo , Yekini Abubakri
Published: October 2018

The globalisation of Islamic finance has brought the adjudication of Islamic finance disputes before non-Muslim courts and arbitral tribunals in Europe, America and elsewhere. Expectedly, the issue of the validity of the selecting Islamic law as the governing law of an Islamic finance contract often arises before these courts and tribunals. The article seeks to address the attitude of the United Kingdom and Nigerian courts to this unique problem. The thesis of the paper is that while the parties’ reasonable expectations in having their Islamic finance contracts governed by the Shari’ah may be met in Nigeria and by extension in other Muslim-majority countries, the contrary is the case in the United Kingdom and Europe where the courts do not generally favour the application of Islamic law. The paper advocates that the doctrine of the proper law of contract should be extended to Islamic finance by upholding Islamic law as the law selected by the parties (on the basis of party autonomy) or alternatively, as the system of law with which an Islamic finance transaction is most closely connected.
Mélanome gastrique primitif compliqué secondairement d’une métastase grêlique hémorragique
Authors: Lim A. , Alabert F. , Baudon J. , El Nasser M. , Marchand A. , Rousselet-Chapeau M.-C. , Kaassis M.
Published: October 2018

Les mélanomes gastriques primitifs sont extrêmement rares avec un pronostic sévère. Le diagnostic histologique est complexe et souvent confondu avec d’autres pathologies tumorales, l’immunohistochimie permet souvent de confirmer le diagnostic. Nous reportons le cas d’un patient de 78 ans, sans antécédent, chez qui il a été découvert, dans un contexte de bilan d’anémie ferriprive, une lésion fundique ulcérée de la grosse tubérosité dont l’analyse macroscopique a conclu à un lymphome à grandes cellules, l’immunohistochimie a permis par la suite de faire le diagnostic de mélanome gastrique confirmé à l’analyse histologique après gastrectomie partielle. Le bilan d’extension est négatif et aucune lésion cutanée primitive, malgré un suivi dermatologique rapproché trimestriel et la réalisation d’une tomographie par émission de positrons (TEP)-scanner, n’a été retrouvée deux ans après. Le patient consulte à nouveau sept mois après pour récidive d’une anémie microcytaire faisant réaliser une nouvelle fibroscopie qui est normale et une vidéocapsule retrouvant une lésion ulcérobourgeonnante hémorragique jéjunale. La résection grêlique de 25 cm retrouve sur la pièce opératoire une métastase grêlique d’un mélanome malin. Aucun primitif cutané n’a été retrouvé à ce jour. Notre cas clinique est le seul décrit de mélanome gastrique primitif avec métastase grêlique. Nous discutons des enjeux diagnostiques et de la physiopathologie controversée de ces rares cas de mélanomes gastriques.
Aldehyde-Substituted Donor–Acceptor-Type Dithienylethenes as Novel Building Blocks for Photochromic Materials
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Li Mengna , Song Yufei , Qin Ming , Li Xuehui , Wang Liye , Li Chaoyang , Li Ziyong
Published: October 2018

Two novel donor–π–acceptor-type dithienylethene derivatives, in which the triphenylamine group acts as electron donor and the formyl group functions as electron acceptor, have been developed. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS (ESI). Investigation of their photochromic properties indicated that they had good photochromic behaviour and excellent fatigue resistance on irradiation with UV or visible light. DFT calculations further validated these experimental results for photochromic behaviour. Moreover, these compounds can be utilised as versatile building blocks to construct novel near-infrared photochromic materials.
BIMBINGAN TEKNIS ORGANISASI KELURAHAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PEMBANGUNAN KEPEMUDAAN DIKECAMATAN TAMPAN KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Aguswan Aguswan
Published: October 2018

Karang Taruna is a forum for the development of nonpartisan youth generation, which grows on the basis of awareness and sense of social responsibility from, by and for the community, especially the younger generation in the village / kelurahan or social community equally, which is mainly engaged in social welfare.Keberadaan organization Karang taruna kelurahan is the Lurah's partner in fostering and protecting the community in their respective neighborhoods. Therefore, the main task of the organization of youth is together with the Government and other community components to tackle various social welfare problems especially faced by the young generation, whether they are preventive, rehabilitative or potential youth development in their environment. on the organization of urban village cadars in the region Tampan district there is less running programs and activities that are social responsibility in the midst of society. Lack of organizational coaching and limited resources Taruna coral organization causes the functions of less efficient organisms implemented. The importance of the provision to the organization of youth can enhance the increase of knowledge and skills to the board to perform the main tasks and functions as an organization that provides social services to the community.
Penerapan Algoritma Dijkstra untuk Penentuan Jalur Terbaik Evakuasi Tsunami – Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Sanur Bali
Authors: Ismantohadi Eka , Iryanto Iryanto
Published: October 2018

Tsunami cukup sering terjadi di Indonesia. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari fakta letak geografis Indonesia yang terletak pada tiga lempeng tektonik utama. Bali termasuk salah satu wilayah yang memiliki potensi tsunami. Mengingat hal tersebut adanya jalur evakuasi terbaik sebagai sarana mempercepat tindakan untuk menjauhkan warga setempat dari bahaya yang ditimbulkan (evakuasi) menjadi sangat penting. Dalam penelitian ini, dipilih Kelurahan Sanur Denpasar Bali sebagai objek penelitian tersebut. Jalur evakuasi terbaik dicari dengan algoritma Dijkstra. Di sini hasil jalur evakuasi terbaik dikelompokkan berdasarkan letak tempat evakuasi dan area aman.
FICÇÃO PARA UM CORPO DE CIENTISTA: MARIE CURIE, A INVENÇÃO DE SI E A NARRATIVA AUTOBIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Santos Paloma Nascimento dos , Loguercio Rochele de Quadros
Published: October 2018

O que nos conta e como se conta uma narrativa de vida nas ciências? E quando quem conta é uma mulher? Marie Curie, física polonesa, criadora do campo da radioatividade e ganhadora de dois prêmios Nobel foi alçada à posição de mito, tendo sua trajetória sido narrada como “exemplo” para as mulheres, nas ciências e fora delas. Curie escreveu, sob encomenda, uma narrativa intitulada Notas autobiográficas, que se encontra como apêndice em um texto também biográfico, escrito pela própria Marie, por ocasião da morte de seu marido. Entendendo que as práticas discursivas das autonarrativas não são autônomas, mas estão incluídas em procedimentos normativos (jurídico, médico, educativo, de gênero) e questionando-se sobre a relação entre as narrativas e as redes de poder articuladas em sua construção, este artigo pretende, a partir das notas autobiográficas de uma mulher considerada um mito, problematizar: (i) as narrativas autobiográficas como invenção de si; (ii) a história de vida de Marie Curie como uma mulher de ciência e a invenção do mito de mãe, esposa e cientista; e (iii) o gênero como elemento central na construção de uma ficção de mulher nas ciências.
NARRATIVAS DE PROFESSORES E PROCESSOS DE FORMAÇÃO: CUIABÁ (MT) E SÃO GONÇALO (RJ) EM DIÁLOGO
Authors: Monteiro Filomena Maria de Arruda , Fontoura Helena Amaral da
Published: October 2018

Este texto se estrutura a partir de investigações envolvendo dois projetos de pesquisa, realizados em instituições distintas, que dialogam e se complementam. Tais estudos objetivam apresentar contribuições compartilhadas sobre dimensões vinculadas às práticas e aos processos de formação docente e de pesquisa narrativa desenvolvida em contextos específicos, com interlocução entre metodologias. Destacamos, a partir dos achados de nossas pesquisas, contribuições para um processo de formação emancipatória, apostando no fortalecimento do professor, seus saberes e suas práticas, como aspecto fundamental que contribui para uma inserção docente, crítica e criativa, abrindo outras possibilidades de experiência na escola e na sociedade. Especificamente, chama-se a atenção aqui para a questão relacional, tanto na pesquisa narrativa quanto no entendimento da formação docente como processo de aprendizagem de estratégias e capacidades para aprender com os outros, a partir dos outros e para os outros, pois, quando a profissão docente é respeitada e os professores apoiados em sua aprendizagem profissional, é mais provável que ocorra uma melhoria na qualidade dos processos educativos para professores e alunos.
Efecto del gasto en el Índice del Desarrollo Humano en Aguascalientes en el periodo 2000-2010
Authors: Macías Acosta Rubén , Díaz Flores Manuel , González Acolt Roberto
Published: October 2018

El gasto público se vincula directamente con el bienestar social. Los recursos asignados del Gobierno permiten incrementar el desarrollo humano, mejorando las condiciones de vida sociales mediante políticas públicas (salud, educación e ingresos). El objetivo del estudio es medir el bienestar social en Aguascalientes mediante el cálculo del índice del desarrollo humano (idh) tomado del Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (pnud). Se contrastará con los recursos asignados al ramo 33, y se analizará su impacto en seguridad social, educación e inversión. El enfoque teórico metodológico revisa la teoría del bienestar de Amartya Sen, utilizando el método cuantitativo. Los resultados muestran que el incremento de las aportaciones del ramo 33 en la entidad, del 2000 al 2010 (300%), no son proporcionales a los aumentos en el idh (de 0.8269 a 0.8529). El análisis muestra el estancamiento del desarrollo humano estatal y destaca como reto gubernamental el incremento en los salarios.
El pensamiento colonial
Authors: Löwy Michael
Published: October 2018

Tengo la suerte de conocer a Fernando Matamoros desde hace varios años: primero, como militante político comprometido con la causa de los explotados; luego, como estudiante en la Escuela de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Sociales en París y, finalmente, como académico en la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, en México. Contrariamente a muchos, Fernando no ha abandonado sus sueños de juventud. La causa de los dominados, de los oprimidos, siempre inspira su trabajo como investigador científico, lo cual da a sus escritos una indiscutible calidad humana.
Diversificación geográfica de prácticas científicas y fortalecimiento de capacidades científico-técnicas locales en México, 1980-2013*
Authors: Flores Vargas Xóchitl , Collazo Reyes Francisco
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se estudia la literatura científica en México, publicada en revistas con cobertura en el Web of Science-ISI Web of Knowledge, durante el periodo de mayor crecimiento de la producción (1980-2013).

Lo anterior, con el fin de identificar cambios en el modelo histórico de organización, tradicionalmente centralizado en instituciones de investigación establecidas en la Ciudad de México. Se organizó la información en tres periodos y se realizó un análisis de cada uno de ellos, de acuerdo con tres criterios de clasificación: producción por estados de la república mexicana, por producción por sectores y producción por instituciones de investigación. Los resultados muestran dinámicas distintas de crecimiento en cada periodo y un proceso de diversificación geográfica creciente en el desarrollo de prácticas científicas, que son una muestra del incremento de las capacidades para producir conocimientos científicos, principalmente en universidades e institutos tecnológicos estatales.
Por el gusto de trabajar: construcciones, motivaciones y beneficios de la niñez en situación de trabajo en Tepic (Nayarit)
Authors: Becerra Pérez Selene Nadezhda , Cayeros López Laura Isabel
Published: October 2018

Históricamente, niñas y niños han sido considerados seres inmaduros, en etapa de transición, con necesidad de protección y cuidado. Se les asigna la escuela o la casa, donde es posible transmitirles conocimientos y habilidades que los conviertan en adultos; sin embargo, se identifica a la niñez trabajadora como aquella que desafía el orden social establecido.

Por ello, se considera importante cuestionar por qué trabajan niños y niñas, cómo se construyen desde sus labores y qué significa para ellos trabajar. Para este artículo se abordó a 21 niños y niñas en situación de trabajo en Tepic (Nayarit, México), mediante una metodología cualitativa etnográfica, de acuerdo con los enfoques construccionista y relacional de la Sociología de la Infancia, con lo que pudimos acceder a construcciones y significados que ellos atribuyen a sus actividades, e identificar las motivaciones para el trabajo, que se traducen en gusto por trabajar. 
El buñuel. Homoerotismo y cuerpos abyectos en la oscuridad de un cine porno
Authors: Fagetti Antonella
Published: October 2018

Agradezco a Rosío haberme metido en este asunto de la presentación de un libro cuyo tema no es mi tema de estudio. Efectivamente, Rosío me invitó no porque fuera una experta, sino por nuestra amistad, de muchos años, desde los noventa, cuando nos conocimos en un seminario del piem, en El Colegio de México. Desde entonces, la considero una mujer atrevida, desinhibida y creativa que aplica todas sus cualidades al estudio de la sexualidad desde hace varios lustros. A Jesús no lo conozco, pero me lo imagino, en aquel tiempo, como un estudiante interesado en un tema que también es parte de su vida, lo que explica para mí el haber podido hacer trabajo de campo en un lugar como el cine Buñuel.
El impacto de la educación telesecundaria en México y su relación con la educación intercultural: el caso de la telesecundaria Tetsijtsilin en la Sierra Norte de Puebla
Authors: Mantilla Gálvez Diana Karina
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo constituye un análisis del impacto de la escuela telesecundaria en el municipio de Cuetzalan, Puebla, en la junta auxiliar de San Miguel Tzinacapan. El análisis se centra en la relación entre educación telesecundaria y educación intercultural. El objetivo general del presente trabajo gira en torno a mostrar la complejidad de la relación entre el modelo educativo nacional expresado en la educación básica, específicamente en la telesecundaria y la propuesta alternativa que desde algunos ámbitos locales se ha potenciado a través del trabajo colaborativo. 
Precariedad paisajística, obstáculo para la movilización ambiental: Cuauhtepec, norte de la ciudad de México
Authors: Acosta Jiménez María Marlene , Gutiérrez Yurrita Pedro Joaquín
Published: October 2018

En las áreas urbanas prevalecen condiciones desfavorables para la calidad de vida de las personas. Sin embargo, dichas condiciones no conducen necesariamente a acciones colectivas o a la movilización social. Como un ejemplo de este contexto, se analiza el caso del área periurbana de Cuauhtepec, ubicada en el norte de la Ciudad de México. El análisis se estructura a partir del concepto de paisaje y con base en datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. A pesar de los problemas socio-ambientales de este poblado, prácticamente no hay redes comunitarias para enfrentarlos. Para dar cuenta de esta compleja problemática, se acuñó el término precariedad paisajística. Se sugiere que la formación de redes sociales es clave para incentivar acciones colectivas que contribuyan a mejorar el paisaje y la calidad de vida de quienes habitan en esa zona.
De la identidad desdichada al suicidio francés: el pensamiento neoreaccionario de Alain Finkielkraut y Eric Zemmour
Authors: Velázquez Caballero Diego Martín
Published: October 2018

El presente estudio describe algunas obras de los polemistas franceses Alain Finkielkraut y Eric Zemmour, protagonistas del pensamiento neoreaccionario en Francia. Estos intelectuales son críticos de la multiculturalidad. Sus reflexiones insisten en la preservación de la cultura occidental y en el rechazo a las civilizaciones que no asimilan los valores del pensamiento ilustrado. Su posicionamiento deslegitima, también, el fenómeno de la postmodernidad; proponen una reintegración de las estructuras tradicionales que han permitido los valores comunitarios e individuales de Europa. A últimas fechas, han radicalizado sus invectivas contra los musulmanes e inmigrantes en el país galo dadas las consecuencias del terrorismo. En conjunto, la ideología de estos personajes permite entender el núcleo de la derecha francesa y europea donde el estilo neoreaccionario se vuelve fundamental. Para una interpretación adecuada del texto, es importante señalar que no todo antineoliberal es conservador y que la confusión destaca la necesidad de reflexionar al respecto.
Políticas públicas y migración de retorno desde Estados Unidos: el caso de los municipios metropolitanos hidalguenses
Authors: Cruz Islas Ignacio César
Published: October 2018

La migración de mexicanos hacia otros países, predominantemente a Estados Unidos, es un fenómeno que ha sido estudiado desde diversos enfoques. Uno de los fenómenos asociados es la migración de retorno, cuyos flujos se han modificado en su dinámica e intensidad, particularmente en los conglomerados urbanos. Por ello, el presente estudio tiene como objeto configurar las características principales de la migración de retorno en los municipios del estado de Hidalgo. Se busca aportar elementos para la definición de estrategias de política pública en este ámbito de intervención gubernamental.
Apuntes sobre la condonación en el Código Civil cubano de 1987
Authors: Delgado Vergara Teresa , Portie Márquez Kellie
Published: October 2018

La condonación (también denominada quita, remisión, perdón) como modo de extinción de la obligación constituye una peculiar manera de poner fin al derecho de crédito sin satisfacción del acreedor. Su naturaleza jurídica ha sido debatida desde la postura de la renuncia de derechos hasta la de un negocio jurídico similar a la donación. El trabajo transita por el análisis de estos criterios doctrinales y su reflejo en el Código civil vigente en Cuba hace 25 años.
La solución de diferencias en el ámbito internacional
Authors: Castrillón y Luna Víctor Manuel
Published: October 2018

El presente estudio se ocupa de los mecanismos creados para la resolución de las controversias surgidas en el ámbito del comercio internacional, entre las que se cuentan: la negociación, la mediación, la conciliación y, con especial énfasis el arbitraje. Para dar sustento teórico se incorpora un importante aparato crítico de diversos especialistas en la materia. Se destaca asimismo, la importante aportación de la Comisión de las Naciones Unidas para el Derecho Mercantil Internacional (UNCITRAL) con la creación de las Leyes Modelo tanto de conciliación como de arbitraje, así como la labor desarrollada por el Tribunal Internacional de Arbitraje Comercial de la Cámara de Comercio Internacional (CCI). Se incluyen los métodos adoptados en nuestro país (con la adecuación de las reformas legales) para hacer efectiva la solución en territorio nacional, y se destacan los medios creados en los diversos tratados de libre comercio, tomando como modelo el TLCAN.
El tigre de Santa Julia, la princesa italiana y otras historias
Authors: Manzo Maldonado Aída Araceli
Published: October 2018

Elisa Speckman Guerra recorre de 1871 a 1921 los claroscuros de la justicia penal mexicana. Apunta que, para entender la real significación del derecho penal mexicano, se requiere considerar historias de estilos de vida orientados a observar diferencias de género, costumbres, ideología, la relatividad del delito en cuanto a lo permitido y lo prohibido, relacionado con los diferentes sectores socioeconómicos y culturales, enfatizando los privilegios que existían para las clases privilegiadas.
Los jóvenes y la democracia: retos y perspectivas para el ejercicio de su ciudadanía
Authors: Jiménez Morales Oscar Antonio
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo aborda la problemática que enfrentan algunos sectores de jóvenes, entre 18 y 29 años, cuyo ejercicio de la ciudadanía se ve obstaculizado cuando pertenecen a los estratos de mayor vulnerabilidad social. Dichos estratos son la baja escolaridad, la paternidad o maternidad temprana, bajos ingresos, origen étnico u orientación sexual. Los altos niveles de discriminación aún imperan en México; esto acarrea consecuencias negativas en los planos económico, político y social: violencia, narcotráfico, migración, baja participación política y abstencionismo electoral, drogadicción o alcoholismo, y en el alto número de jóvenes víctimas del lenocinio.
La evolución de la cultura política china: una aproximación a través del modelo teórico de Almond y Verba
Authors: Zhou Liying
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo consiste en un análisis de las relaciones entre cultura y política en la historia de China. Realizamos un estudio de la evolución de la cultura política siguiendo el modelo teórico de Almond y Verba. Identificamos así tres fases fundamentales en dicha evolución: una primera cultura política parroquial-súbdita, que corresponde a la China imperial tradicional; una segunda cultura política súbdita, que corresponde a la China de Mao, y una tercera súbdito-participativa, que corresponde a la China actual post Mao. Concluimos apuntando hacia la probabilidad de que en un futuro próximo la cultura política de China sea de tipo participativo y fomente la aparición de una nueva cultura cívica en el país.
Comparative study of the physical and chemical properties of the crude oil mixture of the El-Wafa field in practically and through the use of an advanced program [Aspen HYSYS]
Authors: Mohammed Al-Jewaree Hazim
Published: October 2018

The accuracy in measuring the physical properties of any crude oil has become a very difficult task because the price of crude oil in the global market depends on it in addition to the process of producing lubricating oil , chemical products and refinery. Accordingly, this research effort focuses on comparative study of Libyan crude oil (El-Wafa field)  by measuring the physical and some chemical  properties  experimentally and by Aspen HYSYS V8.4 programs. Also, test the possibility to know the volume percentage of the production of lubricants from this crude oil by the two methods mentioned above.Test carried out on these measurements practically and theoretically the physical properties are include: normal boiling point, pour point, Specific gravity (Sp. gr.), standard density (API), dynamic viscosity , kinematics viscosity , molecular weight, Acentric factor and Watson factor (K or Kw ). Some chemical properties have also been experimentally measured, for example the sulphur content ( wt.%), Asphaltenes content( wt.%)  , water and sediment content (vol.%), Conradson carbon residue ( wt.%) , salt content (as NaCl, mg\L),  ash content(wt. %) and metals content ( wt.%).The results from the tests showed that, there is a very small convergence between the results of calculations of physical properties by use this modern software with experimental measurements in the lab to the crude oil of El-Wafal field up to 99% and this blend is not suitable for production the lubricated oil at atmospheric distillation column. Also, the results observed that’s the useful mole percentage of lubricated oil cutoff has volume percentage range not significant from 1 to 1.8% for this type of Libyan crude oil. Through practical and theoretical results possible to classify this type of crude oil as Brent mix according to the global market for the sale of crude oil, which is characterized by its lack of sulfur element and metals in addition to its standard relative density API is very high more than 55.
Study the Relationship Between Estrogen Hormone and Calcium in Normal Females Before and After Menopause in Baghdad / Iraq
Authors: Mustafa Sameerah , Tawfeeq Asal , Hasan Hadeel
Published: October 2018

This study involved the collection of (90) samples of women serum which included (30) serum samples collected from women before menopause (reproductive women) in the age range of (22-43) years and were considered as (group A- control). While, (group B) included (30) serum samples collected from women using oral contraceptive pills between the ages of (22-43) years old. Whereas, another (30) serum samples were collected from women after menopause between the ages of (43-54) years and were considered as (group C). All of the collected serum samples were subjected to a number of serological and chemical tests for the measurement of (E2, HDL, LDL and Ca). Then, the obtained data were statistical analyzed and results showed a significant decrease (p˂ 0.05) in (E2 ,Ca and HDL) levels in menopausal women compared to that of the normal healthy controls. While, there were non-significant decrease (p> 0.05) in (E2, Ca and HDL) levels in women taking oral contraceptive when compared to the normal healthy controls. On the other hand, a significant increase (p˂ 0.05) was recorded in LDL level in menopausal women compared to that of the normal healthy controls whereas, no-significant increase (p˃ 0.05) in the LDL level in women taking oral contraceptives when compared to the control women.
Enterobius vermicularis infection in relation to appendicitis and fallopian tube obstruction in population of Kirkuk city
Authors: Obaid Hiro
Published: October 2018

Pin worm is a nematode distributed worldwide. It infects all ages and sexes especially children, but the infection is still of a very little of concern. Different diagnostic methods were used for investigating Enterobius vermicularis  prevalence in 1020 patients (500 male and 520 female) in Kirkuk city. Stool samples were collected and proceeded for General Stool Examination (GSE).The overall incidence of  E. vermicularis  was 34.6 %. A rate of 5.3% was detected microscopically, 5.9% by swab method, 26% by cellophane tape and 41% macroscopically by detecting the larva and adult worm with naked eye. The worm was prevalent in all ages. High rate (27%) of infested person has been infected for 7-10 years.  Significantly strong relation had appeared between E. vermicularis  infection and appendicitis and fallopian tube obstruction. 49.5% of infected individuals had appendicitis and 27.4% had fallopian tube obstruction, a rate of 48.4% of tubular obstructed women were infertile.12.2% of E. vermicularis infected patients had Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). All  used anti-helminthic drugs were not effective against the infection. The conclusion is: high percentage of Kirkuk population is infected with E. vermicularis but most of these cases were not diagnosed. E. vermicularis infection can led to appendicitis or tubular obstruction especially in chronic cases. Therefore, parents are recommended to treat their children, especially females as soon as they recognize the infection, to preserve the future complications that might be caused by the worm as fallopian tube obstruction and infertility.
تأثير الظروف المناخية على أداء الخلية الشمسية
Authors: دانوك سعاد حسن , خضر احسان محمد , محمد مراد رمضان
Published: October 2018

لقد تم القيام بأجراء تجارب عملية على الخلايا الضوئية الموجودة في المختبر حيث تم اخذا بنظر الاعتبار عمل الخلايا الشمسية ومن خلال النتائج و الحسابات اتضح بان تغير زاويا  (ميلان ) لها تأثير بسيط على عمل الخلايا الضوئية . اما بخصوص الظروف المناخية الاخرى اتضح بان هناك تأثير واضح لدرجة حرارة المحيط مما يؤدي الى رفع درجة الحرارة سطح الخلية اسوة مع زيادة الاشعاع الشمسي وهذا يوكد ضرورة تبريد سطح الخلايا الشمسية . اما بخصوص الرطوبة النسبية فان زيادتها ايضا تؤدي الى نقصان كفاءة الخلية وهناك حد للرطوبة بعدها لا يتأثر على كفاءة الخلية الضوئية وهي 20 %.
تطبيق تصنيف بيانات اللوكيميا باستخدام خوارزمية AGA-SVM Applying of Classification Leukemia's Dataset using AGA-SVM Algorithm
Authors: قاسم عمر صابر , محمد محمد علي
Published: October 2018

تعد مسألة اختيار الميزات (Features selection) الضرورية في عملية تصنيف البيانات (Data Classification) من المسائل ذات الأهمية الكبيرة في تحديد كفاءة التقنية المستخدمة للتصنيف خصوصا عندما يكون حجم هذه البيانات كبيرا جدا مثل بيانات اللوكيميا (leukemia) المعتمدة على الجينات. اذ تم استخدام خوارزمية مقترحة(AGA_SVM) مهجنة بين الخوارزمية الجينية المعدلة (Adaptive Genetic Algorithm) مع تقنية الة المتجه الداعم (Support Vector Machine)، اذ تقوم الخوارزمية الجينية المعدلة بتحويل البيانات من فضاء الأنماط العالي البعد (High-D Patterns Space) إلى فضاء الخواص الواطئ (Low-D Feature Space) لأجل تحديد الميزات الضرورية واللازمة لعملية التصنيف والتي تتم من خلال تقنية الة المتجه الداعم. وتبين من خلال التطبيق على بيانات اللوكيميا ان نسبة التصنيف كانت (100%) لحالات التدريب والاختبار بالنسبة للطريقة المقترحة (AGA_SVM) مقارنة مع الطريقة الاعتيادية التي أخطأت في عدة حالات تصنيف، مما يدل على كفاءة الطريقة المقترحة مقارنة مع الطريقة الاعتيادية.
THE ROLE OF THE ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL AUDIT IN THE QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE SURVEYS
Authors: Pendin V. . , Nikulina M. E.
Published: October 2018

Based on the analysis of the modem quality system of the engineering researches, the authors offer its adjustment by extension with a new procedure - engineering geological audit. In the field of the engineering geology the audit is a principally new method. Studying the fundamentals of the control (checking) procedures allows identifying principal differences between the audit and the control. As a result, the relevance of applying the audit in the engineering and geological practice has been proved. As a result of the study of omission in the modern quality system, a method is proposed to develop mechanism of controlling the methodology of the engineering and geological works. This mechanism will provide the required quality of the researches and its product - engineering and geological information. The comparative analysis of the checking procedures and the audit has shown omissions in quality assessment of the results of engineering and geological investigations. Besides that, this paper summarizes all relevant information developed by he authors earlier.
A role of the state in a development of the mineral raw base of solid useful minerals
Authors: Mikhailov B. K.
Published: October 2018

An issue about the role of the state in a development of the mineral raw base of the solid useful minerals in economic development of Russia has been considered. Formerly powerful geological exploration sector of our country, at least its «state» part, has been notified not to have adopted to the market relations. A conclusion has been done that at the modern stage of the forming of the new strategic system of mineral resources investigations, the transitional positions are suitable, allowing the maximal usage of existing possibilities and resources of the state management with maintaining a key role of the state in the issues of studying and development of mineral raw base.
INFORMATION BASIS FOR THE OPTIMAL EXPLOITATION OF THE NATURAL-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS «ORE DEPOSITS»
Authors: Yarg L. A. , Zhitinskaya O. M.
Published: October 2018

A structure of the natural-technical system (PTS) «Tailings dam» of the iron-ore deposits - decomposition on the categories with different character of the connection processes has been considered. Elementary PTS «Tailings dam» may be allocated into five zones: aerodynamical influence, differentiation of effluent (colmatage), filtration of industrial water (dispersion of dome), zone of chemical components migration, a zone of consolidation, suffusion and gravitation processes. A long standing exploitation of the deposits change boundaries, regimes and set of the processes. It requires permanent correction of the dislocation of the information systems points,as well as of regime and monitoring parameters. Optimal functioning of PTS is provided by control methods, based on the information about theseprocesses.
THE FEATURES OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND SEDIMENTATION OF THE EARLY CRETACEOUS SITE OF THE TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES OF SHESTAKOVO (KEMEROVO REGION, RUSSIA)
Authors: Podlesnov A. V. , Morkovin B. I. , Maschenko E. N.
Published: October 2018

A new data on the geological structure, conditions of formation and faunal composition of the Early Cretaceous site of the terrestrial vertebrates by Shestakovo village (Kemerovo Region, Western Siberia) has been presented.The consolidated geological section has been constructed along the line Shestakovo-1 — Shestakovo-4 — Shestakovo-3 in which five lithologic members have been identified. A distribution of the vertebrates fauna taxons has been carried out along the selected lithologic members composing the Shestakovo series of the Ilek formation. A new data obtained during fieldwork in 2017 has made it possible to distinguish two main bony levels (lithologic members 3 and 5), which contain whole skeletons of reptiles. Lithofacies analysis has shown that the formation of the sites occurred under the conditions of the fluviolacustrine plain, where the channel, delta and floodplain facies were replaced by lake and lake-marshy facies, forming a series of sedimentation cycles. The latter are the evidence of the increase in the aridization of the climate upwards along the section. The given data calls into question previously expressed point of view about the coastal-marine or lagoon genesis of the Shestakovo series.
THE HISTORY OF GEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL STUDY OF BOLSHOYE BOGDO MOUNTAIN
Authors: Starodubtseva I. A. , Novikov I. V.
Published: October 2018

The history of the geological and paleontological study of Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, as well as the evolution of the views on their geological structure, has been considered.The first descriptions of the rocks composing the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, published in the 18th century by academicians S.G. Gmelin and P.S. Pallas, have been given. A particular attention has been paid to the results obtained during the expedition conducted under the guidance of the English geologist R.I. Murchison in 1841. A great contribution to the knowledge of the geological structure and paleontological characteristics of Bolshoye Bogdo mountain was made by A.B. Auerbach, who discovered here the remains of Triassic temnospondyl amphibians and fish for the first time for the territory of European Russia. A new stage in the study of the paleontology of the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, which began in 1912, has been characterized. A well-known paleontologist and writer LA. Efremov worked there in the 1926th and 1928th years and conducted scientific research and searches for vertebrate remains. Later, the study of the geological structure of the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain was carried out by the staff of the Saratov State University, Borissiak Paleontological Institute and other scientific institutions of Russia.
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY (TO THE 250TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTHDAY OF WILLIAM SMITH)
Authors: Shcheglov I. A. , Akhunov F. F. , Eremenko R. U. , Komarov V. N.
Published: October 2018

The main side of the W. Smith’s work — geological mapping — has been shown to be expressed in the series of maps, created by him, and first of all in the «Map of layers of England and Wales». The layers represented for Smith an object for mapping. His stratigraphic tables constitute the lists of stratons, systemized in the order of their bedding and origin. W. Smith discovered a general sequence of 34 layers ofEnglandandWales, in more detailes separated the deposits, substracted later in the Jurassic system. Fossils were considered by W. Smith as specific features of layers, being mapped. The very combination of the characteristics of talented geologist — map-maker und collector of fossils — allowed making the famous conclusion that every layer contained the fossils, typical exactly for it. W. Smith showed the specifics and continuity of paleontological characteristics of different layers, predefined the oportunity of their recognition and identification and designed the base for the development of biostratigraphic method and historical geology in a whole. The short biographic data for Smith has been given.
ON METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING GEOPHYSICAL COURSES AT THE INSTITUTE OF EARTH SCIENCES, SFU
Authors: FOMENKO N. E.
Published: October 2018

The results of the works undertaken by students on practical classes and during educational practices have been discussed. Causes and  difficulties in student learning of exploratory geophysics have been  analyzed. It has been found a deficiency in practical skills of future  engineers relevant to the work with geophysical facilities and  equipment and further mental processing of the measured  parameters of natural and artificial geophysical fields. A brief  description has been given for improvements in the methodology of  teaching geophysics to future geology and geoecology engineers via  inclusion of practical works with geophysical equipment on the test  site on the Zorge Street with tasks linked to engineering-geological  cross-section study and mapping underground infrastructure on the  given area. There are some other examples of student involvement  in solution of geophysical tasks on the objects of educational geophysical practices with subsequent detailed geological and  geophysical interpretation.
GEORGES CUVIER — AN OUTSTANDING SCIENTIST-NATURALIST (TO THE 250TH ANNIVERSARY OF BIRTHDAY)
Authors: SHCHEGLOV I. A. , AKHUNOV F. F. , YEREMENKO R. U. , KOMAROV V. N.
Published: October 2018

Georges Cuvier belongs to the most largest naturalists of the end of 18th – the first half of 19th century. He published more than 300   scientific works, which considered different problems — from the  design of comparative-anatomical fundament for the development of  the creatures system, to the questions of natural science. Cuvier  suggested his own sight of the progress in organic world, which gave to the geologists the scientific method on geochronology. His theory  of catastrophes, which provided the change of the subsequent  systems of flora and fauna on the Earth, had a huge influence on the further development of science. The result of its use was the  appearance of the stratigraphic scale in the first half of 19th century. The most important reform of the zoological systematics is  connected with the Kuvier’s works. On the base of comparative- anatomical method, he justified for the first time the study ot the  four main forms of the organization of the creatures, or the plans of  the animal kingdom’s structure. The stratigraphic scheme of Paris basin, suggested by Kuvier, became the example pattern for  the differentiation of the similar deposits in other regions of Western Europe. A brief biographic data has been provided.