bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le siècle du léninisme
Authors: Ducange Jean-Numa , Wolikow Serge
Published: September 2017

Pendant près de soixante-dix ans l’histoire du marxisme a été intimement liée à l’histoire du léninisme. Cet article revient sur la genèse du « marxisme-léninisme » et ses multiples déclinaisons, avant tout dans les contextes soviétique et français, en prenant notamment en compte les multiples réseaux éditoriaux ayant diffusé longuement les œuvres de Lénine. Il interroge notamment la constitution du corpus léniniste et l’usage qui en a été fait par de multiples traditions marxistes au cours du xx e siècle, à distance des approches les plus idéologiques traitant habituellement de cette question.
Théorie postcoloniale et le spectre de Marx : à propos du marxisme de Vivek Chibber
Authors: Lindner Kolja
Published: September 2017

Kolja Lindner, Théorie postcoloniale et le spectre de Marx : à propos du marxisme de Vivek Chibber Postcolonial Theory and the Specter of Capital de Vivek Chibber présente probablement la critique marxiste la plus rigoureuse des études postcoloniales. À l’occasion de sa traduction en français, cet article interroge la conception du marxisme qui soutient cette entreprise. Après la présentation des thèses principales de Chibber, ce texte discute ses propos sur l’histoire de la genèse du capitalisme, le travail abstrait, le travail « doublement libre » et la conception des intérêts « objectifs ». Sur chacune de ces thématiques, il s’avère que Marx et le discours marxiste sont plus ambivalents que ne l’avance Chibber et que ces ambivalences, malgré le bien-fondé de la critique chibberienne, constituent des points de départ tout à fait légitimes de la critique postcoloniale. Il semble donc nécessaire de travailler à une conception plus adéquate du champ théorique marxien et de rectifier les défaillances du marxisme, une entreprise qui demande une capacité d’autocritique ainsi qu’une reconnaissance du pluralisme.
Genèse et complexité : les deux ontologies de Georg Lukács
Authors: Monferrand Frédéric
Published: September 2017

L’article propose de lire l’ Ontologie de l’être social de Georg Lukács comme un révélateur des difficultés inhérentes au projet d’une ontologie marxiste de la société. Il défend la thèse selon laquelle Lukács explore deux perspectives ontologiques hétérogènes, qui engagent deux acceptions distinctes de l’idée d’une détermination économique des phénomènes sociaux : une perspective génétique formulée en termes de « praxis », pour laquelle la réalité sociale est fondée sur le travail, et une perspective processuelle formulée en termes de « totalité », pour laquelle la production n’est qu’une sphère parmi d’autres de la société. La coexistence de ces deux ontologies introduit une tension dans le texte de Lukács, qu’il déplace sur le terrain d’une philosophie de l’histoire à visée émancipatrice.
Musiques kanak en mouvement : contextes, enjeux et institutionnalisation en Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Geneix-Rabault Stéphanie
Published: September 2017

La Nouvelle-Calédonie, pays d’outre-mer, s’est vue destituée d’une part importante de son patrimoine culturel lors de sa colonisation et de son évangélisation. Elle bénéficie à partir du milieu des années 1970-1980 d’un développement considérable à la suite des revendications identitaires, puis des politiques de rééquilibrage du pays, des Accords de Matignon (1988) jusqu’à l’Accord particulier (2002). L’analyse du contexte politique et social calédonien questionnera le processus de patrimonialisation musicale, son origine et son évolution, mais aussi les profils des acteurs musicoculturels participant à la création de ces « patrimoines ». Nous examinerons les notions d’authenticité, de mémoire, de tradition, d’héritage et d’identité. Leur récurrence dans les discours nous poussera à interroger non seulement leur sens, mais aussi les mécanismes d’institutionnalisation entérinant une patrimonialisation qui tend aujourd’hui plus largement à légitimer une politique musicoculturelle axée sur « l’exportation ».
Circulation et patrimonialisation des pratiques esthétiques expressives dans le Pacifique : les exemples de Tonga et de la Nouvelle-Zélande
Authors: Condevaux Aurélie
Published: September 2017

Cet article part du constat que, dans leur circulation, certaines pratiques musicales et chorégraphiques du Pacifique sont redéfinies comme « patrimoine ». Il s’agit de comprendre les facteurs expliquant cette requalification au regard des contextes dans lesquels elle intervient. L’article examine également ce que ces « patrimonialisations » peuvent nous apprendre sur la dynamique des appartenances sociales générée par la migration d’une part et sur la place accordée aux populations migrantes dans leur pays d’installation d’autre part.
Faire communauté et consolider la filiation par le patrimoine musical. Un regard transnational sur le monde judéo-espagnol
Authors: Roda Jessica
Published: September 2017

À Paris, Tel-Aviv, Istanbul ou Los Angeles, on entend et chante les fameux standards judéo-espagnols. Ce partage de connaissances est le résultat d’une patrimonialisation qui a commencé dès les années 1950 dans un espace transnational à la suite de l’éclatement géographique des Judéo-Espagnols de l’Empire ottoman. Cet article expose les différentes étapes de ce processus, tant dans la diachronie que dans la synchronie, à partir d’un terrain multisite mené en France, aux États-Unis et sur le cyberespace. On découvrira que la construction du patrimoine à travers l’expérience de la migration peut être envisagée comme un mouvement de reterritorialisation permettant aux Judéo-Espagnols de faire communauté, de reconsolider la filiation judéo-espagnole dans l’espace familial et ainsi, de constituer un territoire historique fédérateur incarné par le patrimoine. Au-delà de ce cas spécifique, l’article montre comment le patrimoine musical, en raison de son statut d’objet immatériel facilement transportable, peut nous conduire à repenser la patrimonialisation au-delà du territoire et à l’envisager comme un processus de consolidation et de création de liens entre des individus et des groupes d’individus partageant un sentiment d’appartenance.
Patrimonialisation des mémoires douloureuses : ancrages et mobilités, racines et rhizomes
Authors: Chevalier Dominique
Published: September 2017

L’objectif de cet article est de montrer pourquoi et comment des lieux de mémoires douloureuses aussi divers que les musées de la Shoah édifiés dans les principales capitales occidentales après la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la prison réhabilitée de Tuol Sleng à Phnom Penh, tristement célèbre lieu de tortures et de crimes commis par les Khmers rouges de Pol Pot entre 1975 et 1978, ou encore les tunnels de Cu Chi au sud du Vietnam, récemment mis en tourisme, représentent des objets spatiaux à part entière, requalifiés en tant que lieux patrimoniaux par la fréquentation de touristes nationaux et internationaux.
Le « patrimoine culturel du renne » : pratiques touristiques et trajectoires nomades chez les Évenk de Chine (Mongolie-Intérieure)
Authors: Dumont Aurore
Published: September 2017

En Mongolie-Intérieure, les Évenk éleveurs de rennes sont confrontés depuis peu au développement du tourisme sur leur territoire. Le « village ethnique évenk d’Aoluguya », ses habitants et certains de leurs campements nomades sont devenus représentatifs de la « culture du renne », érigée en patrimoine culturel immatériel par les autorités locales en 2008. Fondé sur des enquêtes de terrain récentes (2008-2014), cet article explore les pratiques touristiques à l’œuvre chez les Évenk éleveurs de rennes, afin d’appréhender les différents types de mobilité qu’elles entraînent. On s’intéressera notamment à la compréhension de deux aspects du patrimoine de la « culture du renne » : sa mise en application par les autorités chinoises d’une part et sa perception par les Évenk d’autre part.
Política de inmigración y los efectos de los ciclos económicos en la reunificación familiar en España
Authors: Mato Díaz Francisco Javier , Miyar Busto María
Published: September 2017

En este trabajo se analiza la influencia de las políticas de inmigración y de la Gran Recesión en la reunificación familiar en España. Tras el auge inmigratorio (2000-2008), las migraciones por motivos familiares han contribuido a mantener flujos de entrada significativos a lo largo de la crisis en España. Sin embargo, tanto la propia crisis como las políticas inmigratorias -como la necesidad de visado- afectan a este tipo de inmigración. Con datos de la Encuesta de Población Activa (EPA), esta investigación considera casos de inmigrantes primarios llegados a España de los cuatro principales países de origen (Ecuador, Colombia, Rumanía y Marruecos) y concluye, en primer lugar, que condiciones más estrictas para visitar el país -en particular, la exigencia de visado- frenan la reunificación matrimonial. La razón puede deberse a que durante el auge de la inmigración muchos inmigrantes secundarios llegaban a España como turistas. En segundo lugar, la Gran Recesión frenó la reunificación para todos los países considerados, excepto Ecuador, y su influencia negativa es mayor para las mujeres inmigrantes primarias, algo lógico pues la crisis eliminó empleos típicamente masculinos. En tercer lugar, y contrariamente a las expectativas que asignan al inmigrante secundario unos vínculos con el empleo comparativamente reducidos, la investigación muestra que la coincidencia de la reunificación con una profunda crisis económica y de empleo ha llevado a inmigrantes secundarios femeninos a la actividad laboral, aumentando la oferta de trabajo familiar, con el fin de mantener el consumo y / o las remesas, en lo que parece ser un “efecto trabajador añadido”.
Blast Resistance of Selected Barriers
Authors: Zvaková Zuzana , Jangl Štefan
Published: September 2017

This article is focused on the burglar resistance of object. The explosives were identified as a potential tool for an access into the mechanical barriers as parts of the shell protection. Mechanical barriers were selected according to the process of the evaluation security measures of the physical security and object security of the National Security Authority. Military regulation Žen-2-6 and mathematical relation for calculation of the maximum pressure generated by the explosion were used for analytical part of the article. The using of the explosives for the breaking of the selected barriers as well as destruction effect of the explosion are presented in the conclusion.
Practical Aspect of Methods Used for Blast Protection
Authors: Figuli Lucia , Štaffenova Daniela
Published: September 2017

The presented paper is focused on the practical aspects of retrofit technique used for blast protection of buildings. It presents the summary of various retrofit techniques.
Investigation of Disturbed Rock Zones in Open-Pit Mine Walls by Seismic Tomography
Authors: Melnikov N.N. , Mesyats S.P. , Ostapenko S.P. , Cherepetskaya Elena B. , Shibaev Ivan A. , Morozov Nikolii A. , Kravcov Alexander N. , Konvalinka Adam
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the results of measurements of compressional and shear wave velocities in the near-surface zone in the Zhelezny open pit mine, the Kovdor GOK (Kovdor Mineral Producing and Processing Company). Data on the seismic wave velocities are used to estimate Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Poisson's ratios derived from the compressional-to-shear velocity ratios are used to locate fractures that are due to stress redistribution and weathering processes in the stepped walls of the open pit mine.
Pushover Analysis Based on Equivalent Diagonal Springs for the Assessment of the Seismic Safety of Post-and-Beam Timber Buildings Braced with Nailed Shear Walls
Authors: Gattesco Natalino , Boem Ingrid
Published: September 2017

A method for a simplified modeling of post-and-beam timber buildings braced with nailed shear walls, useful for seismic design purposes, is presented and discussed in the paper. This strategy is based on the schematization of the vertical diaphragms through equivalent diagonal springs with elastic-plastic behavior and allows the assessment of the resisting ground acceleration by performing nonlinear static analysis; the Capacity Spectrum method based on equivalent viscous damping was applied. This nonlinear procedure constitutes a reliable and simple alternative to the linear static analysis using the behavior factor q. The procedures to determine the characteristics of the equivalent elements (stiffness and load-carrying capacity) are based on analytical evaluations, starting from the actual characteristic of shear walls. A comparison between the results of numerical simulation based of more refined and complex models, previously presented by the authors, and this time-reducing, simplified analysis proved the good reliability of the method.
Numerical Simulation of Blast Effects on Fibre Grout Strengthened RC Panels
Authors: Cismaşiu Corneliu , Rebelo Hugo Bento , Lúcio Válter J.G. , Gonçalves Manuel T.M.S. , Gomes Gabriel J. , Basto José P.F.
Published: September 2017

The present paper aims to examine the potential of the Applied Element Method (AEM) in simulating the blast effects in RC panels. The numerical estimates are compared with the results obtained in an experimental campaign designed to investigate the effectiveness of fibre grout for strengthening full scale RC panels by comparing the effects that a similar blast load produces in a reference and the strengthened panel. First, a numerical model of the reference specimen was created in the software Extreme Loading for Structures and calibrated to match the experimental results. With no further calibration, the fibre reinforced grout strengthening was added and the resulting numerical model subjected to the same blast load. The experimental blast effects on both reference and strengthened panels, despite the lack of high speed measurement equipment (pressure, strains and displacements sensors), compare well with the numerical estimates in terms of residual and maximum displacements, showing that, once calibrated, the AEM numerical models can be successfully used to simulate blast effects in RC panels.
Shock Propagation Effects in Multilayer Assembly Including a Liquid Phase
Authors: Bourguille Judith , Bergamasco Luca , Tahan Gilles , Fuster Daniel , Arrigoni Michel
Published: September 2017

During a ballistic impact, the protective material that plays the role of armour has to dissipate the kinetic energy in order to limit the projectile penetration in the target. Our aim is to emphasis on the role played by a liquid-filled system on the impact energy mitigation due to cavitation inception and later bubble expansion. To observe this, small scale experiments have been carried out on a three layers sample (Aluminium-Water-PMMA) submitted to shock waves induced by laser impact applied on the Al face. Rapid camera visualizations allow reproducing, at small scale, the effects of projectiles on armours for various monitored impact energies. We observe the formation of bubbles for sufficiently intense impacts due to traction effects in the water caused by the multiple reflections of waves within the sample. The cavitation threshold of water under dynamic loading is then experimentally investigated for two samples: one with 600 μm thick Al / 400 μm of water and 3 mm of PMMA, the other with 1000 μm thick Al / 1600 μm of water and 3 mm of PMMA. Using dimensional analysis, we show that the energy taken during the process of inception and bubble expansion becomes more important as the energy of the impact increases.
On the Issue of Typical Grain Size Assessment by the Methods of Broadband Laser Opto-Acoustics
Authors: Kravcov Alexander N. , Konvalinka Adam , Vinnikov Vladimir A. , Ertuganova Elmira A. , Shibaev Ivan A. , Ivanov Pavel N.
Published: September 2017

It is shown that one of the express-methods for studying the internal structure and phase composition of geomaterial samples is broadband acoustic spectroscopy with laser sources of ultrasound. Theoretical assessment of time profiles and spectrums of opto-acoustic signals are presented. Numerical modelling of the spectrums and time profiles of ultrasound signals generated in opto-acoustic generators made of a different material is performed. The influence of diffraction and damping in rocks on the above characteristics is studied. The amplitude spectrum and time profiles of ultrasonic pulses transmitted through samples of marble of various thicknesses in which the most part of the characteristic grain sizes lies in the range of 500 μm - 1 mm are constructed. It has been established that, according to the amplitude spectrum of the original signal and the transmitted through the sample signal, it is possible to restore the characteristic dimensions of the grains.
Humanitarian Assistance with Bridge Construction in the Central African Republic
Authors: Benda Martin , Sobotka Jan , Coufal Dalibor
Published: September 2017

The paper deals with an operation of Italian engineers in Central African Republic (CAR). The aim of the operation was to construct the temporary bridge. This operation was supported by 15th Engineering Regiment and the University of Defence. Two soldiers from the 15th Engineering Regiment were sent to CAR to help Italian engineers. During this operation REACH-BACK concept between University of Defence and 15th Engineer Regiment was used. Communication and cooperation between these units was supported by Information Portal of Engineer Corps. The portal works as a support element for REACH-BACK concept.
Prediction of the Fatigue Life of the Vibrational Sieve Supporting Beam
Authors: Djoković Jelena M. , Nikolić Ružica R. , Bujnak Jan
Published: September 2017

Vibrational sieves are exposed to exceptionally high cyclic loading during their working life and that is the reason why the special attention should be paid to estimates of the fatigue life of their structural elements, as well as to design with respect to fatigue fracture. Any change in the design appearance of the structural component must be carefully analyzed, since even the rearrangement of the components' elements layout, with keeping all the sizes constant, can cause serious consequences to the particular component's fatigue life. The research subject considered in this paper is the remaining fatigue life of the carrying beam, as well as the suggestions for improving the working life of the vibrational sieve. The Paris' law was used for estimates of the average crack propagation rate. From the presented diagram of the initial crack length versus the remaining working life one could see that the fatigue life decreases with the crack length increase. When the initial crack length reaches a value a little less than a half of the critical crack length, the remaining fatigue life starts to drop abruptly.
Safety Design of Laminated Glass Regarding PVB Interlayer Stiffness for Large Glass Facades and Shop Windows
Authors: Hána Tomáš , Machalická Klára V. , Eliášová Martina , Vokáč Miroslav
Published: September 2017

When looking at current architecture, we can notice large glass facades and shop windows. These elements are usually made of laminated glass panes with polymeric interlayer between and the task of shear forces transfer is the subject of a current survey especially in case of accidental load cases. It essentially depends on polymer material stiffness, which is temperature, load duration and loading rate dependent. A lot of different polymeric interlayers with different properties are available on a market but their experimentally determined material properties with respect to the load duration and temperature are not mostly specified. Structural engineers tend to design laminated glass structural elements on the safe side and do not take the interlayer stiffness into account. This leads to uneconomical and robust glass bearing members. In case of accidental load verification, shear stiffness of used interlayers plays a significant role. This paper is focused on two types of PVB (polyvinyl-buthyral interlayers) experimental investigation under various temperature and loading rate conditions.
Building Protection with Composite Materials Application
Authors: Balázs Dávid Ágoston , Nyikes Zoltán , Kovács Tünde Anna
Published: September 2017

Building protection on our century is very important because of the terrorist attacks. The old buildings in Europe aren’t enough strong again blast loads. Nowadays we know many different explosives and theirs effects of walls and human bodies. The detonation caused blast effect provokes building damage and fragmentation effects. The explosion caused damages, parts of bricks and fragments produce other secondary damage in other buildings and human bodies.It can’t protect the historical and old buildings by new walls and fences because of the cityscape. It needs to find new possibilities to improve the buildings resistance again blast effects. It needs a effectively thin and strong materials to reinforced the buildings walls. The new materials innovated by material science can be good solution for this project. These materials usually composites likes syntactic foams, spherical shells or carbon fields reinforced composites.
Perimeter Protection Elements Testing for Burglar Resistance
Authors: Mach Vlastimil , Boroš Martin
Published: September 2017

The paper deals with the testing of perimeter protection elements for burglar resistance. Burglar resistance describe the time which a burglar needs for overcoming of barriers and reaching for the protected object. For describing of the movement of a burglar in the protected buildings and areas, is important to determine a burglar resistance of individual barriers and building objects, which a burglar has to overcome. The most effective method for determining of burglar resistance is a practical testing.
A Version of the Failure Criterion Modification for Plane Concrete
Authors: Korsun Volodymyr I. , Kalmykov Yu.Yu. , Makarenko S.Yu.
Published: September 2017

The paper is about the generally accepted in the deformable solid mechanics principles of constructing limiting surfaces of concrete strength in the principal stress space. The background and theoretical approaches taken by different researchers to describe the functions of deviatoric and meridional curves as the basic elements which determine the surface configuration of concrete strength were analyzed.There was carried out a comparative analysis of different authors’ suggestions on an analytic description of concrete strength for different stress states and a comparison of the developed criteria and the results of short-term tests of plane concrete under multiaxial loadings. Comparing the methods taken for developing the interpolation functions of deviatoric and meridional curves, it was inferred that the application of different approaches to the development of concrete failure criteria is effective. Keeping in mind the results of the comparative analysis of the prerequisites taken to develop the above failure criteria and the requirements of a better approximation of the experimental data, there are made new suggestions to describe concrete strength for the general case of stress state.
Armed Forces of the Czech Republic and Temporary Bridges
Authors: Benda Martin , Hanák Marek
Published: September 2017

The article deals with the provisional bridging systems that are being used in the Czech Republic area. The main and mostly deployed bridge sets owned by one of the Czech agencies are covered. Every bridging systems is described, along with the way of construction, deployment and a list of main advantages and disadvantages. An evaluation of contemporary usability of the bridging sets is conducted at the end of the article.
The Information Security and IT Security Questions of Pension Payment
Authors: Szabó Zsolt
Published: September 2017

One of the most valuable assets of economic and social life is information. Information is a resource for organizations, the basis for efficient operation, an asset, and often also a product that is sold. Information security is rarely thought of as a problem, yet, actions taken to protect information are everywhere in our lives. There are processes that can be a critical problem in the operation of an organization if the operation of the organization is not controlled properly and the organization is not well-prepared to avert a possible disaster. This study summarizes the background of the theoretical planning of an IT security system and shows an example of its possible implementation through a case study.
Solving Problems in Geomechanics: Comparison of the Fidesys Strength Analysis System and the Plaxis Software Package
Authors: Sas Ivan E. , Cherepetskaya Elena B. , Pavlov Ilya A.
Published: September 2017

This article is devoted to solving problems with known theoretical solutions in the Fidesys software package. Within the framework of the work, modeling of a biaxial shear test of the ground and simulating a draft of a flexible foundation was done. The solutions obtained were correlated with the solutions of such problems in the Plaxis software package. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Fidesys software complex allows solving problems in the field of geomechanics. At the same time, it is not inferior to recognized solutions in terms of functionality.
Secure Storage Units Testing for Burglar Resistance
Authors: Mach Vlastimil , Boroš Martin
Published: September 2017

For describing the movement of a burglar in protected buildings and areas, is important to determine the resistance of individual barriers and building object, which a burglar has to overcome. The most used method to determine burglar resistance of a secure storage unit is a practical test. This paper deals with the test of selected secure storage units by describing the procedure of testing itself as well as the result of burglar resistance test.
Modelling and Simulation of Crisis Phenomena as a New Tool for Research and Training in Visegrad Countries
Authors: Siváková Lenka , Loveček Tomáš
Published: September 2017

The article is dedicated to addressing actual problems associated with the investigation and research findings concern with crisis phenomena. Firstly, it attempts to relay common understanding of crisis phenomena and to describe the preparation of crisis scenarios as an effective tool to simulate the negative effects of the crisis phenomena that allow to plan preventive measures, means and resources to address them. The core of an article deals with the problems of increasing number of software tools. On one hand, as positive effect on expansion of operational analysis in crisis management. There are listed some well-known software tools used in Visegrad region. Additionally, there are reported four most important academic institutions dedicated to research dealing with crisis and their approaches to crisis phenomena investigation. On the other hand, there is a significant part, called Standardization, which discusses about generating enormous quantum of disparate software solutions as negative effect. Last part of an article is dedicated to finding possible solutions to represented problem.
The Application of Fibre Reinforced Concrete for Protective Shelter from Auxiliary Material
Authors: Štoller Jiří , Zezulová Eva
Published: September 2017

The article deals with the application of fibre reinforced concrete for protective shelter from auxiliary material. It describes a basic structure element, a structure of the shelter, and a process of building.
Effect of the Particle Size of Wood Dust on Ignition Temperature
Authors: Vandlíčková Miroslava , Vraniak Jozef
Published: September 2017

The development of the new technologies has also brought new possibilities of the wood processing, wood shaping and wood materials tending. By reason of increased human need for wood products the industry has shifted from the production in the workshops throught manufactures up to fabrications. This fact also causes increasing of the wood dust amount in the spaces of the production shops or halls, and by that also increased danger of the explosion of the wood dust. At the adequate initiatory source, sufficient amount of flammable material, oxidant and essential pressure, the explosion can occur and last for several miliseconds, therefore people rescue in the endangered spaces in case of explosion is impossible. One of the parameters which influence properties of the flammable wood dust is its particle size. The article deals with the particle size influence of the wood dust at its minimal temperature of ignition in the stired state. On the basis of the experimental measures the influence of the minimal action of the thermal energy for the activation of the ignition process of the wood dust in the stired state at the reacting of pressure and variousness of grit size is assessed.
Study of Porosity of Carbon Reinforced Plastic Composites Using Broadband Ultrasound Structuroscopy Techniques
Authors: Bychkov Anton S. , Karabutov Alexander A. , Savateeva Elena V. , Sokolovskaya Yulia G. , Zarubin Vasily P. , Morozov Dmitry V. , Figuli Lucia
Published: September 2017

Theoretical assessments are given for the use of the through-transition technique of broadband ultrasonic spectroscopy to determine porosity of heterogeneous materials. Experimental measurements of local porosity of composites using the through-transition technique are presented. Dependences of elastic moduli on the concentration of hardening particles and porosity of metal matrix isotropic composite found. Experimental relationship between the phase velocity of longitudinal acoustic waves and the power of structural noise in samples of graphite epoxy composites is obtained.
The Experimental Testing of Combustible Material with the Application of Fire Retardant
Authors: Fanfarová Adelaida
Published: September 2017

This manuscript presents the experimental testing and assessment of the combustible material behavior with a focus on modification by fire retardant during the process of combustion. We experimentally tested the material of representative natural thermal insulation made of hempen fiber and we compared these specimens with the application of representative fire retardant. The testing was proceed in accordance with the experimental method created with the purpose of evaluating the material behavior when exposed to a direct mid-height flame for a longer time period under laboratory conditions. The main aim of the experimental testing was possible improvement of fire-technical characteristic of building material for improve the fire protection.
Influence of Dispersed Reinforcement on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of the SFRC
Authors: Komárková Tereza , Láník Jaromír , Dvořák Petr
Published: September 2017

The article deals with steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC), specifically with its physical mechanical parameters which influence both design and reliable behavior of the building material in structures. The resulting physical mechanical properties of the SFRC depend on the properties of the individual components and also on their quantity. In the building practice, a common dosing of steel fibers that are added into fresh concrete mixture is ranging between 0.5% and 2%. The paper also describes the methodology of certain laboratory tests suitable for SFRC and the ways of data evaluation. The experiments proved a substantial influence of the quantity of steel fibers in the individual mixtures to the resulting mechanical properties.
Performance of Masonry Walls Strengthened with RC Wall Jacket Subjected to Simulated Blast Loads
Authors: Abdel-Mooty Mohamed , Alhayawei Sayed , Issa Mohamed
Published: September 2017

Mitigation of the blast risk associated with terrorist attacks and accidental explosions threatening critical infrastructure has become a topic of great interest in the civil engineering community, all over the world. One method of mitigating blast risk is to retrofit vulnerable structures to resist the impulsive effects of blast loading. Masonry is one of the most commonly used materials particular in heritage buildings. An effective way to enhance the ability of unreinforced masonry walls to withstand blast loads and consequently to limit the amount of wall damage is strengthening it with reinforced concrete wall. In this research, the assembly of masonry wall with RC wall jacket from one side is simulated using nonlinear finite element method and ANSYS WORKBENCH V14.5 program to study its behavior under blast loading. A parametric study is performed where the influence of variation of some design parameters on the wall performance under blast effect is studied. The design parameters include masonry wall and RC wall thickness, interface between the two wall layers, stand-off distance, boundary condition, and reinforced concrete compressive strength. The performance of the strengthened walls is evaluated in terms of wall damage, maximum lateral deflection, and end rotation at the support.
CFBC Bottom Ash as Fine Active Filler for High Performance Composite Building Materials
Authors: Šulc Rostislav , Formáček Petr
Published: September 2017

This article presents the results of the bottom ash from Circulating fluidized Bed Combustion (CFBC). Ashes were modified by grinding in their physical parameters. For this treatment was used the tumbling ball mill at CTU in Prague. In this case were used bottom ashes from Ledvice power plant. Samples of bottom ash were milled in specific amounts and grinding times. The modified samples were tested for the effect of amount of bottom ash in the mill and grinding time on its granulometry. For this testing was used laser diffraction method with particle size analyzer. Milling seems to be great way to get material with better physical and mechanical properties. The reason for this experiment was to better understand behaviour of bottom ash during grinding and made fine filler with specific features for composite building material with high strength.
Ecumenical reflections on the undeniable influence of the Reformation on the South African society
Authors: Knoetze Johannes J.
Published: September 2017

No abstract available.
Glioblastoma Multiforme Oncogenomics and Signaling Pathways
Authors: Kanu Okezie O. , Hughes Betsy , Di Chunhui , Lin Ningjing , Fu Jinrong , Bigner Darell D. , Yan Hai , Adamson Cory
Published: September 2017

In the adult population, glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most common primary brain tumors encountered. Unfortunately, this highly malignant tumor represents over 50% of all types of primary central nervous system gliomas. The vast majority of GBMs develops quite rapidly without clinical, radiological, or morphologic evidence of a less malignant precursor lesion (primary or de novo GBMs), as compared to secondary GBMs that develop slowly by progression from diffuse low-grade astrocytomas. These GBM subtypes must be kept in mind because they may constitute distinct disease entities. Even though they look histologically quite similar, they likely involve different genetic alterations and signaling pathways. Decades of surgical therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have failed to drastically change survival. Clearly, we do not fully understand this tumor; however, the exciting genetic revolution in glioma research over the past decade is providing a promising outlook for exploring this tumor at the genetic level. Science has begun to elucidate the numerous genetic alterations and critical signaling pathways, and it has opened new exciting areas of research such as glioma stem cell biology and neoangiogenesis. This work has already begun to improve our understanding of GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Indeed, exciting novel targeted therapies are making their way to clinical trials based on this increased knowledge. This review provides the current understanding of GBM oncogenomics, signaling pathways, and glioma stem cell biology and discusses the potential new therapeutic targets on the horizon.
Photodynamic Diagnosis for Superficial Bladder Cancer: Do All Risk-Groups Profit Equally from Oncological and Economic Long-Term Results?
Authors: Otto Wolfgang , Burger Maximilian , Fritsche Hans-Martin , Blana Andreas , Roessler Wolfgang , Knuechel Ruth , Wieland Wolf F. , Denzinger Stefan
Published: September 2017

Objective

Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) of superficial bladder cancer decreases recurrence rates. We present oncological results of a randomized, prospective study, comparing transurethral resection (TUR) performed under conventional white light (WL) with PDD. The follow-up period is the longest reported to date. As costs might be reimbursed by prolonged recurrence-free survival in certain patients cost analysis in regard to risk-groups was performed.

Material and methods

Using chi-square test and log-rank test we compared recurrence rates of 103 patients after WL-TUR and of 88 patients after PDD-TUR. Cost analysis was performed according to risk-groups of recurrence.

Results

Mean follow-up was 99 months. Recurrence rate was 57% in WL vs. 28% in PDD (p < 0.001). Costs incurred by subsequent TUR averaged € 2310 per WL patient vs. € 713 per PDD patient. Savings per patient by PDD amounted to € 1597. PDD costs were reimbursed in low, intermediate and high risk patients, respectively.

Conclusions

PDD-TUR is significantly superior to conventional WL-TUR in terms of recurrence rate. While economic benefit is most prominent in intermediate risk patients, PDD related costs are reimbursed in all risk-groups.
Paclitaxel, Epirubicin and Capecitabine (TEX) as First-Line Treatment for Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Pilot Phase I/II Feasibility Study
Authors: Einbeigi Z. , Bergström D. , Hatschek T. , Malmberg M.
Published: September 2017

Thirteen patients with untreated metastatic breast cancer received epirubicin 60 mg/m2, paclitaxel 155 mg/m2 (both day 1) and capecitabine 665 mg/m2 twice daily (days 1-14) every 21 days, with intra-patient dose escalation/reduction. Grade 3/4 events were infrequent. Nine patients (69%) achieved an objective response. Median time to progression and overall survival were 6.6 and 23.5 months, respectively.
Article Commentary: A commentary on “Risk Factors for Renal Cell Cancer in a Japanese Population
Authors: Cidon Esther Uña
Published: September 2017

The well-written and researched article reported in Clinical Medicine: Oncology by Dr. Washio and Dr. Mori entitled “Risk factors for renal cell cancer in a Japanese population” 1 makes evident the differences in incidence and mortality rates from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) between different populations and highlights the relevance of carrying out epidemiological studies, investigating additional risk factors which may explain the differences.
Metronomic Outpatient-Based Chemotherapy with 5′-DFUR and Low-Dose Cisplatin for Conventional Platinum-Based Chemotherapy-Resistant Advanced Urothelial Cancer
Authors: Hara Tomohiko , Yoshihiro Satoru , Ito Hideaki , Nagao Kazuhiro , Ohmi Chietaka , Sakano Shigeru , Matsuyama Hideyasu , Naito Katsusuke
Published: September 2017

Background

Metronomic chemotherapy is aimed at lessening the adverse effects of treatment while rendering cancer cells cytostatic. The oral 5-fluorouracil prodrug “5′-DFUR” has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and is regarded as a good candidate agent for metronomic chemotherapy. Moreover, cisplatin and 5′-DFUR have been shown to synergistic cytotoxic effects.

Methods

We evaluated the safety and efficacy of metronomic chemotherapy using daily oral 5′-DFUR at the dose of 600 mg/day and biweekly cisplatin infusion at the dose of 20 mg/person in 23 patients with urothelial cancer resistant to conventional platinum-based chemotherapy.

Results

Twenty-three patients were enrolled between August 2000 and December 2004. The median survival time after the initiation of metronomic chemotherapy was 15.2 months. The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates were 55.1%, 45.1% and 5.9%, respectively. Grade 3 fatigue was observed as severe toxicity in one patient. No cases showed nephrotoxicity and adverse effects necessitating medical intervention.

Conclusions

Although a large-scale prospective study would be necessary before the therapy is established as a standard, our metronomic chemotherapy regimen appears to be a potentially useful palliative treatment alternative for patients with advanced urothelial cancer resistant to conventional platinum-based chemotherapy.

Abbreviations

M-VAC: methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin; GC: gemcitabine and carboplatin; 5′-DFUR: 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; CDDP: cisplatin; TCC: transitional cell carcinoma; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; PS: performance status; UICC: Union International Contre le Cancer; WHO: World Health Organization; NCI-CTC: National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria; CI: confidence interval; PR: partial response; NC: no change; PD: progressive disease; TP: thymidine phosphorylase; AUC: areas under the curve.
Differential Diagnosis of Radiologically Diagnosed Thyroid Masses: Two Unusual Case Studies
Authors: Taylor Andrew D. , Tan Jeremy T.H. , Low Vincent H.S. , Nguyen Hieu H.
Published: September 2017

Two cases of neck masses in adults are presented. In each case, imaging suggested diagnosis of a thyroid mass. Further investigation eventually found this to be at variance with the true pathology. These cases are published to illustrate the difficulties that can be encountered in delineating the organ of origin for certain neck tumours.
Pancreas Cancer Survival in the Gemcitabine Era
Authors: Wachtel Mitchell S. , Xu K. Tom , Zhang Yan , Chiriva-Internati Maurizio , Frezza Eldo E.
Published: September 2017

After multiple positive studies, gemcitabine, approved for the treatment of pancreas cancer by the FDA in 1977, became standard of care. Whether this therapeutic advance has translated into longer survival for pancreas cancer patients in general has not been established. This study, derived from SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute) data, compared the survival experiences of the gemcitabine (1998–2004) and pre-gemcitabine (1988–1997) eras for 7,151 patients who had metastatic disease and did not undergo extirpative surgery, 14,369 patients who had not undergone surgery and had metastases, 5,042 patients who had undergone surgery and did not have metastases, and 5,011 patients who had undergone surgery and had metastases. Calculated survival time ratios (TR) were adjusted for radiotherapy history, grade, nodal status, loco-regional extent of disease, age, race, and gender. For those who did not undergo extirpative surgery, improvements in survival in the gemcitabine era (1998–2004) versus the prior time period (1988–1997) seen for patients with metastatic cancer (TR = 1.20, 95% c.i. 1.15–1.25) were not seen for those without metastatic cancer (TR = 1.05, 95% c.i. 1.00–1.15). For those who did undergo extirpative surgery, improvements were much more dramatic for those with metastatic cancer (TR = 1.61, 95% c.i. 1.45–1.80) than those without metastases (TR = 1.23, 95% c.i. 1.15–1.31). The results are consistent with the notion that the promising findings with respect to gemcitabine in the controlled clinical trials have found expression in the general population of patients with pancreas cancer.
B-Cell Lymphoma of the Mandible: A Case Report
Authors: Adouani Ali , Bouguila Jed , Jeblaoui Yassine , Aicha Mehdi Ben , Abdelali Mouhamed Ali , Hellali Mouna , Zitouni Karima , Amani Landolsi , Issam Zairi
Published: September 2017

Introduction

The mandible is an infrequent localisation of primary osseous non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Few cases of mandibular non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) have been reported.

Case Report

A rare condition of primary malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible in 53-year-old man, was reported at the Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery in Charles Nicolle Hospital (Tunis, Tunisia). Histologic and Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination Confirmed a B-Cell lymphoma.

Discussion

The purpose of this report is to describe this rare case of NHL of the mandible, explore the diagnosis and workup, and discuss treatment strategies. In this localisation, neither the clinical features nor the radiologic appearances are often pathognomonic.

Conclusion

Particular care must be taken to consider lymphoma in the differential diagnosis because this uncommon lesion can pose significant diagnostic problems and is frequently misdiagnosed.
Anatomopathologic Subtypes of Endometrial Carcinoma: Case-Control Study of 122 Cases. Epidemiology and Ultrasound
Authors: Perez-Medina T , Engels V , Salazar F , Bueno B , Sanfrutos L , de la Fuente J , Orensanz I , Bajo-Arenas JM
Published: September 2017

Objective

To determine the epidemiological and sonographic characteristics of patients with endometrial carcinoma of endometrioid and non-endometrioid subtype to analyse if any differences can be observed between the groups.

Study design

A case-control study was performed considering 122 patients with endometrial carcinoma where 96 (78.69%) had endometrioid carcinomas (controls) and 26 (21.31%) had non-endometrioid carcinomas (cases). Epidemiological, clinical, and sonographic variables (endometrial thickness and sonographic suspicion of myometrial invasion of the tumour) were analysed. Qualitative variables were studied with the Chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test and quantitative variables with the t test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Tumours of the non-endometrioid type are observed in older patients (p = 0.003) and frequently show a higher sonographic tumoral invasion (p = 0.0036).

Conclusions

This study supports previous observations that non-endometrioid endometrial carcinomas present at older ages and provides new data that non-endometrioid carcinoma more frequently show sonographic images compatible with myometrial invasion.
Serum Messenger RNA as a Biomarker and its Clinical Usefulness in Malignancies
Authors: Miura Norimasa , Hasegawa Junichi , Shiota Goshi
Published: September 2017

A number of biomarkers are used clinically and many protein-based assay methods are available. Improvements in the method to utilize specific antibodies have led to remarkable progress in clinical diagnosis using biomarkers. Proteomics studies to identify better biomarkers have been performed worldwide by using a protein-based comprehensive method. The detection rate of conventional biomarkers can not improve further. Now is a time that a breakthrough is needed. We previously proposed mRNA, which is circulating in the body, as a novel material for biomarkers. mRNA is an unexpectedly useful molecule, not only because it can detect genes with a low expression level in protein, but also because it can detect the expression from non-coding RNA precursor genes or gene products with limited secretion from the cells. Circulating mRNA has been thought to be unstable in blood containing RNase. We confirm that mRNA remains at the same level for 24 hours after blood sampling. Unlike DNA, the RNA molecule can reflect events in the human body which occurred within a day, resulting in an early diagnosis of diseases. We report the possibility to detect and quantify cancer-derived mRNAs circulating in human vessels. We introduce the detection of serum mRNA as a useful biomarker of human malignancies.

Abbreviations

hTERT: human telomerase reverse transcriptase protein; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; hTR: human telomerase RNA template; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HBV: hepatitis B virus; AH: adenomatous hyperplasia; AAH: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; LC: liver cirrhosis; CH: chronic hepatitis; AFP: α-fetoprotein; DCP; des-γ-carboxy prothrombin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; Alb: albumin; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor; non-small cell lung cancer; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; small cell lung cancer; SCLC; ADC: adenocarcinoma; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma antigen; SqCC: squamous cell carcinoma; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CYFRA (21–1): cytokeratin 19 fragment; CNA: circulating nucleic acids.