bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the slotted liners parameters during dual tubing steam injection process
Authors: Li Peng , Zhang Yanyu , Hu Hang , Liu Yunlong , Liu Yang , Chen Huijuan
Published: February 2020

To study the distribution of steam parameters along the wellbore and the influence of slotted liners parameters on the effect of reservoir uniform preheating during the dual tubing steam injection process. Based on the structural characteristics of screen pipe completion and the simultaneous steam injection technology of long and short tubing, a coupled numerical model of fluid flow and heat transfer in reservoir and wellbore was established, and the model was solved by full implicit finite difference method and iterative technique. The results show that when the density, width and length of the slotted liners increase from 350 to 550/m, 0.20 to 0.40 mm and 35 to 75 mm, respectively, the difference of steam quality at the two ends of steam convergence position in the annuli increases by 0.41%, 2.26% and 1.71%, and the reservoir heating uniformity decreases by 1.49%, 2.68% and 2.08%, respectively. Optimizing the slotted liners parameters and reducing the steam quality difference at the convergence position of annuli can improve the uniform heating degree of reservoir along the horizontal wellbore.
Equivalence analysis of multiple monitoring methods for partial discharge
Authors: Fan Lu , Shao Zhenhua , Shen Hanxin , Li Zezhong , Sun Lijie
Published: February 2020

In order to study the relationship between the amplitude (mV) and the discharge (pC) of a typical fault of a tip discharge in a partial discharge. Therefore, three different groups of tip electrode models (tip-tip, tip-plate, tip-ball) were simulated. The relationship between magnitude and discharge volume and voltage was obtained by using amplitude detection method (Ultra High Frequency Method, Acoustic Emission Method and Transient Earth Voltage method) and Pulse Current Method respectively. Kendall correlation analysis found that the amplitude and the voltage of the AE Method in the three amplitude detection methods are closest to the variation trend of the discharge quantity and the voltage of the Pulse Current Method. Exploring the equivalence between the amplitude and the discharge of the most accurate detection means, the mathematical model with the best fit is the Sum of Sin Functions.
Research on key technologies of high voltage and large capacity static synchronous series compensator control system
Authors: Yuan Peie , Wang Xiang , Chen Guofu , Jia Xiaoguang , Dai Fengjiao , Yu Zhiyong , Wang Yingpei
Published: February 2020

With the rapid development of economy, the structure of power grid is becoming more and more complex, which has brought about uneven distribution of power flow, limited transmission capacity and the decline of power quality. The application of new static synchronous series compensator can quickly and effectively regulate power flow, suppress sub-synchronous oscillation and enhance system stability on the basis of guaranteeing transmission capacity. In practical engineering application, the design of control system and the realization of control algorithm are very important. In this paper, the control system of 220 kV 30MW self-excited SSSC device is developed based on the control and protection platform of serial RapidIO technology. Firstly, the main topology structure of SSSC is introduced, and the two-stage DC voltage stabilization and upper steady-state operation control strategy of SSSC using fast response control method which simultaneously regulates modulation ratio and trigger angle are expounded. Secondly, the dual redundancy control system architecture is designed, and the control system implementation scheme is designed. Finally, the RTDS power in the loop experimental system is designed, and the control algorithm is verified by RTDS experiments. The experimental results show that the control strategy and control system implementation scheme adopted in this paper can realize smooth start-up and exit of SSSC device and flexible regulation of power flow. The developed control system can satisfy the long-term reliable and stable operation of the system, especially the design of redundancy mechanism, and increase the reliability of the device operation. Follow-up static synchronous series compensator project and even FACTS project provide reference.
Estimating the boundary of the asymptotic stability region of Lotka–Volterra system by using the trajectory reversing method
Authors: Lai Yi-Horng , Fang Liang
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes a topological approach for plotting the boundary of the region of asymptotic stability (RAS) of Lotka–Volterra predator-prey system. First, stability analysis was used to determine the specific saddle point that has eigenvalues with one positive and two negative real parts in a linearized Jacobian matrix. A set of initial states located around the saddle point on the specific eigenplane spanned by the two stable eigenvectors was then selected. Finally, the trajectory reversing method was used and the trajectories that had initial states on the eigenplane delineated the boundary of the asymptotic stability region. The trajectories of the initial states that started from the opposite sides of the RAS exhibited different dynamic behaviour. The numerical simulation are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Introduction and prospect of integrated energy service platform in industrial parks
Authors: Feng Gu , Kai Xie , Hao Jin , Hengxun Su
Published: February 2020

As a modern industrial division of labor and production area that adapts to market competition and industrial upgrading, the industrial park is a generation model for the country to actively plan and promote development. The integrated energy system of industrial parks is of great significance for improving energy efficiency, promoting large-scale development of renewable energy, improving the utilization of social infrastructure and energy supply, and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction targets. The combination of industrial parks and integrated energy service platform technologies can realize the coordinated operation and resource sharing of various energy systems, meet the individual needs of campus users, and provide diversified services for system maintainers, park managers, enterprises, and households. Based on the summary of the characteristics of the campus-type energy Internet, the paper studies the key technologies of its integrated energy service platform. The key technologies of information collection, source-charge prediction, multi-energy coordination scheduling and advanced application services of the company’s latest integrated energy service platform are introduced, and suggestions for the development of integrated energy service platform in the park are put forward.
Prospect analysis of high temperature air combustion technology for low calorific value coalbed methane in Liupanshui area of Guizhou province
Authors: Zhou Yu , Ji Xiaowei , Tang Jie
Published: February 2020

China’s coalbed methane resource is abundant, which ranks third in the world. The total amount of coalbed methane resources in Guizhou Province accounts for about 10% of China, which ranks second in the country. However, the utilization rate of coalbed methane in Guizhou Province is not only low, but also relatively single, especially the low calorific value coalbed methane extracted from underground mines which has a methane concentration of only 10-30%. And the main method to deal with low calorific value coalbed methane is discharging directly, which caused a huge waste of energy. High temperature air combustion technology (HTAC), which expands the utilization range of low calorific value fuels, has attracted wide attention due to its characteristics of extreme recovery of waste heat and ultra-low NOx emission. In this paper, the characteristics of high temperature air combustion of low calorific value coalbed methane are analyzed by theoretical and numerical calculation based on combustion theory and CFD method.
Hour-ahead photovoltaic power forecast using a hybrid GRA-LSTM model based on multivariate meteorological factors and historical power datasets
Authors: Chen Biaowei , Lin Peijie , Lin Yaohai , Lai Yunfeng , Cheng Shuying , Chen Zhicong , Wu Lijun
Published: February 2020

Owing to the clean, inexhaustible and pollution-free, solar energy has become a powerful means to solve energy and environmental problems. However, photovoltaic (PV) power generation varies randomly and intermittently with respect to the weather, which bring the challenge to the dispatching of PV electrical power. Thus, power forecasting for PV power generation has become one of the key basic technologies to overcome this challenge. The paper presents a grey relational analysis (GRA) and long short-term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM RNN) (GRA-LSTM) model-based power short-term forecasting of PV power plants approach. The GRA algorithm is adopted to select the similar hours from history dataset, and then the LSTM NN maps the nonlinear relationship between the multivariate meteorological factors and power data. The proposed model is verified by using the dataset of the PV systems from the Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Center (DKASC). The prediction results of the method are contrasted with those obtained by LSTM, grey relational analysis-back propagation neural network (GRA-BPNN), grey relational analysis-radial basis function neural network (GRA-RBFNN) and grey relational analysis-Elman neural network (GRA-Elman), respectively. Results show an acceptable and robust performance of the proposed model.
Online photovoltaic fault detection method based on data stream clustering
Authors: Cai Yuqiao , Lin Peijie , Lin Yaohai , Zheng Qiao , Cheng Shuying , Chen Zhicong , Wu Lijun
Published: February 2020

As the core component of solar power station, PV array is particularly important for safe and stable operation of the entire system. The existence of PV array faults for a long time can lead to potential danger of the entire PV system. Since the PV data is greatly affected by the environment, the continuous data stream generated during the operation of PV arrays can form clusters of arbitrary shape. When a PV fault occurs, new data streams can form a cluster that is different from the one under normal operation. Accordingly, this paper presents a model for online fault detection of PV arrays faults using data stream clustering approach. The real-time data stream of the PV arrays is transmitted to the diagnostic system through RabbitMQ server for online detection and data storage. The online density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is used for clustering the data. Then, the faults are detected by judging whether new clusters are formed. The experiment result shows the effectiveness of the proposed method in grid-connected PV system.
Study on carbon emission reduction mechanism of thermal power plants in medium and long term trade
Authors: Zhang Xuefei , Xiong Yi , Xiong Chuanyu , Tang Xuejun , Li Zhiwei
Published: February 2020

Electricity market is gradually tending to be more energy-saving and environmental-friendly. In the context of medium and long-term electricity trading mechanisms, it is important to implement energy-saving and emission reduction with more reasonable and effective mechanism to solve the shortcomings in the overall environment and achieve energy conservation. The author finds that the core idea of energy conservation and emission reduction mechanism abroad to internalize the external cost. After in-depth study, the author summarizes the problems in realizing energy conservation and emission reduction in the medium and long-term electricity trading mechanism in the current market. The core design ideas and main development models of the mechanism are analyzed. Finally, the author analyses the design of market mechanism under the mode of trading volume restriction and power transfer in power plants. In the whole process, the author makes an auxiliary analysis with actual cases for peer exchange.
The effect addition of kappa carrageenan flour to the level of gel strength and acceptability of dumpling from threadfin bream fish (Nemipterus nematophorus) surimi
Authors: Astutik D M , Sulmartiwi L , Saputra E , Pujiastuti D Y
Published: February 2020

Surimi is an intermediate product (semi-finished product) that has an ability to be processed into various products through a cooking process. Dumpling is a steam product and categorized as a product that requires a specification of compact and not have hard gel formation. To improve texture, the formulation used was added kappa carrageenan flour due to it was able to absorb excessive water level which caused by protein denaturation process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding kappa carrageenan flour on dumpling from threadfin bream fish surimi on the level of gel strength and acceptability product. This study used a completely randomized design which consists of 4 treatments with kappa carrageenan flour concentrations of 0.00%, 0.55%, 1.50%, and 2.45% and 5 replications. The result showed that the addition of kappa carrageenan flour had significant effect (P <0.05) on the value of the texture and acceptability of dumplings from threadfin bream fish surimi, as well as the proximate content. Kappa carrageenan flour with a concentration of 1.50 % produced the moisture and protein content of 50.14% and 8.16%, respectively and showed the best characteristic of compact and moist gel strength.
Selective breeding technique: Pandu and Kunti tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock candidates at PBIAT Janti, Klaten-Central Java
Authors: Samara S H , Fathurrozi A W , Sutarno
Published: February 2020

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater aquaculture commodity with high demand and economic value. With developing breeding technology, hybrid tilapia also grows in popularity. Pandu tilapia is a strain of Singapore tilapia, while Kunti tilapia is a GIFT (Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia) strain. To ensure the continuity of good fingerling stock, the individual selection needs to be conducted on Pandu and Kunti Tilapia broodstock candidates. The family selection method was chosen using 125 pairs of broodstock candidates. The male and female ratio is 1: 1 with horizontal breeding where a broodstock was mated with another fish from its own family or strain to ascertain that there is no cross-breeding. Larvae hatched from the spawning were reared in a nursery pond, then graded. The top 50% fish was reared until reaching the adult stage and bred again. The broodstock candidates were then tested for its performance and mass spawned.
Potential of Caulerpa racemosa extracts as sunscreen creams
Authors: Ersalina E B , Abdillah A A , Sulmartiwi L
Published: February 2020

Caulerpa racemosa contains phenol compounds that have bioactivation as an active ingredient to capture UV radiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Caulerpa racemosa extract in some solvents. This study used an experimental method consisting of four treatments and five replications, namely Control: Commercial seaweed sunscreen labeled SPF 18, P1: Sunscreen cream with a concentration of 1% extract of Caulerpa racemose n-hexane, P2: Sunscreen cream with a concentration of 1% extract of Caulerpa racemose ethyl acetate, P3: Sunscreen cream with a concentration of 1% extract of Caulerpa racemose ethanol 96%. The best treatment, in sunscreen cream with a concentration of 1% extract of Caulerpa racemose ethyl acetate which has an SPF value of 2.32 ± 0.07 (the effectiveness of protective sunscreen at least 2-4), supported by the results of pH value (Day 0: 7.80 ± 0.11; Day 7: 7.82 ± 0.14). The best treatment hedonic test results, namely in sunscreen cream with a concentration of 1% extract of Caulerpa racemose ethanol 96%, which has an appearance value of 7.13; odor 7.59; texture 6.42; and color 7.09.
Comparative study of marine fish freshness based on the handling method in Puncak Permai modern market and Simo Gunung traditional market, Surabaya
Authors: Sari M , Triastuti J , Pramono H , Sudarno
Published: February 2020

Fish handling conditions on the market nowadays mainly in the traditional market is less a principle handling with caution, fast, and clean, making the selling fish polluted with chemical, physical, and microbiological pollutants. The fish handling on the modern market is generally better than the traditional markets. Puncak Permai and Simo Gunung Market provide fresh fish more than any other market in Surabaya, making these markets become the main destination for consumers, therefore this study was conducted to observe the fish freshness in both markets. The purpose of this study was to compare the freshness and observe the handling way of traders situating in both markets. This research used a survey method that was conducted for seven times sampling with three days of interval sampling. This study took three types of marine fish. The main parameters observed were pH and organoleptic values, while the supporting parameters were interviewed data. The result showed that the handling method had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the organoleptic condition of all samples observed, but it had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the pH level.
The effect of feed larvae Chironomus sp. and high pellet protein to seedling goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Dwiardani K H , Sari L A , Sari P. D. W. , Nindarwi D. D. , Arsad S.
Published: February 2020

Goldfish production increase in four years, specifically 66,823,000 in 2010 to 72,997,000 in 2014. The increment of goldfish production growth altogether with problems which is a discontinuity of fry stock. The solution for this problem is the purpose of this study, which is understood techniques in Goldfish (Carassius auratus) hatchery. The feed given to goldfish brood is blood worms (Chironomussp. larvae) and pellets with a ratio of 50:50 as much as 3% of the biomass. Goldfish hatchery techniques involve broodstock cultivation, spawning techniques, larval development observation, and larval cultivation. Two kinds of Goldfish used, namely Oranda and Mutiara Goldfish. The results of Oranda goldfish spawning and Mutiara goldfish spawning consecutively are Fecundity 875 eggs, FR 94%, HR 91.83%, SR 93.04% and Fecundity 3850 eggs, FR 93.66%, HR 92.48%, and SR 91.10%. Larval development observation includes embryogenesis until post-hatched larval. Larval cultivation consists of giving various types of feeds, which are artemia nauplii (for 3-7 days old larval), Moina (for 7-14 days old larval), and blood worm or tubifex (> 14 days old larval). Fertilized goldfish eggs will develop through several phases, including zygotes, initial cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula, egg hatching, and development of larvae after hatching.
Influence addition of noni (Morinda citrifolia) in the commercial feed on protein and lipid retentions of sangkuriang catfish (Clarias sp.).
Authors: Azizah F , Arief M , Lokapirnasari W P
Published: February 2020

Catfish (Clarias sp.) Is a freshwater fish that have been grown commercially. One effort to improve feed efficiency is to use a feed additive. Noni (Morinda citrifolia) is a medicinal plant that can be used as a natural feed additive (fitobiotik). This study purposed to study the influence of noni juice (addition on commercial feed on protein and fat retentions in catfish. This study was used as an experimental method to completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and four replications. The number of doses of noni juice is added to the commercial feed is: P0 (0 ml/kg), P1 (5 ml/kg), P2 (10 ml/kg), P3 (15 ml/kg) and P4 (20 ml/kg). Analysis of the data using variant analysis (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The addition of noni juice on commercial diets significant effect on the retention of the protein in catfish and the addition of Noni juice on commercial diets do not provide a real impact on the retention of fat in catfish.
Evaluation of hatching rate, growth performance, and survival rate of cantang grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × lanceolatus) in concrete pond at Situbondo, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Anita N S , Dewi N N
Published: February 2020

Cantang grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × lanceolatus) is an Indonesian fisheries commodity that seeded and has high economic value. Cantang grouper is also had excellence because it has fast growth and tolerance to disease, so these fish are widely cultured. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hatching rate, growth monitoring, and survival rate of cantang grouper. This research was conducted at UPT PBL Situbondo, East Java Province on December 2018 until January 2019. Spawning of the cantang grouper was done artificially. The hatching rate of cantang grouper eggs was 53.3 %, growth rate ranging from 0.0009-0.7900 gr/day and specific growth rate ranging from 10.34-29.84 %. Larvae maintenance includes feeding, measurement of water quality, and change of water. Feeding is in the form of Chlorella sp., Rotifer, Artemia sp., Acetes sp., and artificial feed. The survival rate of cantang grouper was 26.9%. The measured water quality was a temperature ranging from 29-30 °C, pH with a range of 7.9-8, and dissolved oxygen (DO) was 7 mg/L.
The effect of temperature, salinity and antimicrobial agent on growth and viability of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Ulkhaq M F , Budi D S , Rahayu N N
Published: February 2020

Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria have been pathogen of Motile Aeromonads Septicemia disease that infects all of the freshwater fish. Control of microbe growth can be done by manipulating environmental factors and utilizing antimicrobial agents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature, salinity, and antimicrobial on the growth and viability of A. hydrophila. The treatments of the study consisted of temperature, salinity, and antimicrobial tests. Temperature treatment used Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) medium incubated at 4˚C, 28˚C, 37˚C, and 70˚C. Trypticase Soy Agar (TSA) added with NaCl of 0%, 3%, and 10% in salinity treatment. Antimicrobial treatment was performed by disc diffusion method using chloramphenicol (25 ppm and 50 ppm), Phyllanthus niruri extract (3 ppt and 30 ppt), formaldehyde (0.4% and 4%), penicillin (25 ppm and 50 ppm), and NaCl 0.9% (control). All treatments were incubated for 24 hours at 28˚C and were observed for bacterial growth. The study showed that A. hydrophila bacteria were growth optimally in medium with salinity 0% and 3% after incubated in temperatures of 4˚C, 28˚C, and 37˚C. Antimicrobial that inhibits the growth of A. hydrophila was Chloramphenicol 25 and 50 ppm; Phyllanthus niruri extract 30 ppt and formaldehyde 0.4% and 4%.
Utilization of By Product Kappaphycus alvarezii as Earthquake Resistant Material Lightweight Concrete
Authors: Musthofa A A , Bahtiar M Z A , Ibrahim F M , Abdillah A A
Published: February 2020

Increasing seaweed production in Indonesia is the result of industrial demand that continues to soar, especially Kappaphycus alvarezii, and has an impact on the accumulation of seaweed processing waste. The use of waste as a substitute for sand in making lightweight concrete can be done because there is a cellulose content that can make bonds between materials which can be used as earthquake-resistant building materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the industrial waste treatment of K. alvarezii can be used as a lightweight concrete for earthquake resistant building materials. This study uses a complete random range with six treatments and four replications by testing compressive strength, flexural strength, and water absorption. The best treatment is a substitution with a 60% waste concentration with the results of the compressive strength test of 1.15 MPa, the flexural strength of 5.37 MPa, and a water absorption capacity of 62.25%. The suggestion from this research is to do mass production with the substitution formulation of carrageenan waste by 60%.
The effect of density as Skeletonema costatum bioremediation agent of copper (Cu) heavy metal concentration
Authors: Pratama N A , Rahardja B S , Sari L A
Published: February 2020

Heavy metals copper (Cu) was microelements needed by organisms in small quantities. The type of plankton that could be used as a bioremediation agent because of its abundance and resistance in nature was Skeletonema costatum. This study aims to determine the effect of different density of Skeletonema costatum exposure Cu and Determine the effect of exposure to the growth of Skeletonema costatum. The design used in this research was an experimental method. This research using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and six replications. Treatment used was 5,000 cells/ml (A), 10,000 cells/ml (B), and 15,000 cells/ml (C) of cells density at 1 ppm Cu concentration. The results of this study prove that the density of Skeletonema costatum could affect Cu uptake levels with the absorption percentage of treatment A was78,62b ± 10.40; the absorption percentage of treatment B was 88,13ab ± 7.49; the absorption percentage of treatment C was 91,96b ± 4.87. Culture media that contained 1 ppm Cu concentration could affect the growth and growth phase of Skeletonema costatum. Skeletonema costatum that exposed cells with Cu has higher growth than with Cu reviews those not exposed.
Effectiveness of Heat Shock (40°C) With Different Duration for Tetraploid Formed in Mutiara Catfish (Clarias sp.) Juvenile
Authors: Nuswantoro S , Widodo MS , Fariedah F , Artarini E
Published: February 2020

This study seeks to determine the best method for preventing separating one cell into two cells in early embryogenesis as a means to induce tetraploid in the Mutiara catfish strain (Clarias sp.). Heat shocks were applied to newly fertilized eggs. Heat shock that was administered at 40 °C, for 4 min at 30 min post-spawning, was the best method for tetraploid induction, as evidenced by the highest percentage of forming four pronuclei in syngamy (84.12%). Therefore, heat shock induction was employed to further explore the advantage of tetraploid over diploid catfish. After hatching of the heat-shocked eggs, the larvae were allowed to reach juvenile levels of development. At day 30 in culture, the number and amount of chromosomes were determined in juvenile stages, using Silver Nitrate Staining methods, by which the catfish were divided into diploid and tetraploid groups. The average specific growth rate of the tetraploid (22.55%/gr/day) was significantly higher (Pb 0.05) than that of their diploid counterparts (15.42%/gr/day). These results reveal the advantages of growing tetraploid over diploid Mutiara catfish strain and its feasibility for future commercial production.
Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) post-harvest marketing analysis in traditional pond systems at Turi District, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ningsih M S A , Prayogo  , Sahidu A M
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to determine the marketing chain of vaname shrimp (L. vannamei) in Turi district, Lamongan, East Java Province, Indonesia and the most frequent marketing chain based on the number of shrimp farmers chosen. This study used the survey method to describe the problem following the facts based on a field survey and simple random sampling for obtaining the appropriate respondents. Data were obtained from marketing agencies involved, marketing structures, market behavior, marketing margins, farmer’s share, and profit cost ratio. The result showed that vaname shrimp post-harvest marketing in Turi district, Lamongan had four marketing chain types involving shrimp farmers, shrimp farmers, wholesale traders, retailed traders, and factories. The most frequent marketing chain type used was marketing chain I (shrimp farmers – distributors – wholesale traders – consumers), though it was the longest chain type and lowest farmer’s share value, besides the most inefficient marketing chain type. This study suggested that it was necessary to cut the marketing chain to make the profit cost ratio increase, resulting in high profit for the shrimp farmers.
The effect of depuration on lead levels of the cockles Anadara sp. by using activated carbon as a filter
Authors: Firdaus A R , Mubarak A S , Tjahjaningsih W
Published: February 2020

Consumption of cockles with high concentrations of lead metal (Pb) will hurt harm humans from health aspects. The concentration of Pb metal in cockles can be reduced through a depuration process. This study aims to determine the efficient time of retention and the rate of decrease in the concentration of Pb in the cockles (Anadarasp.) by using activated carbon as a filter during the depuration process. The treatment of study consists of P0 (no depuration), P1 (depuration 24 Hours), P2 (depuration 48 Hours), and P3 (depuration 72 Hours). The results showed that the process of depuration of the cockles for 24 hours with activated carbon filters was able to reduce the Pb metal content to 0.926 mg/kg and even the depuration process for 72 hours, the efficiency of the depuration process increased to 86.52% so that the Pb content in the cockles became 0.273 mg/kg. Overall, the duration of the process of depuration of the cockles with activated charcoal as a filter can increase the efficiency of Pb metal reduction in the cockles so that it according to SNI 7387: 2009, which is the maximum metal content of Pb in the shellfish 1.5 mg/kg.
The effect of kersen (Muntingia calabura L) leaf extract on bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida smithia in vitro
Authors: Kartika N , Sudarno  , Handijatno D
Published: February 2020

Kersen (M. calaburaL) leaf can be used as a medicine because kersen leaf contains compounds flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, and tannins. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power and the smallest concentration of a solution of kersen (M. calaburaL) leaf extract toA. salmonicidain vitro. This research uses experimental methods and studied is the activity of kersen leaf extract as an antibacterial toA. salmonicidawith a comparison between treatment and control. The treatments were concentrations of kersen leaf extract of 2 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 0:25 mgml, and 0.125 mg/ml, positive control (chloramphenicol) and negative control, dimethyl sufoxide (DMSO 5% ). The parameters were observed in this study the antibacterial activity of kersen leaf extract toA. salmonicida, and dilution of the concentration of the smallest kersen leaf extract can inhibitA. salmonicidain vitro. The results showed that kersen leaf extract had antibacterial power toA. salmonicidagrowth. Cassava leaf extract has the ability to inhibit the in vitro growth ofA. salmonicidaat the smallest concentration of 0.5 mg/ml with inhibiting zone of 10 mm Because at that concentration is more effective when compared with chloramphenicol.
Growth and survival rate of silver barb, Rasbora argyrotaenia under different concentrations of sardinelle fish oil addition in fish feed
Authors: Dewi S A , Mubarak A S , Mukti A T
Published: February 2020

Sardinelle fish oil is one of the compositions of the fat source which contains Omega-3 potentially to improve growth performance. The addition of sardinelle fish oil in fish feed is, therefore, important to do to could boost the growth of the fish. This study aims to determine the effect of adding sardinelle fish oil towards the growth performance and survival rate of silver barb and also determines the optimum concentration of sardinelle fish oil in feed formulation that results in the highest growth and survival rate of the silver barb. This research applied a completely randomized design for experimental method, which consisted of five treatments each treatment has four replications in 42 days. The results showed that adding sardinelle fish oil with different concentrations significantly has affected specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), but did not significantly affect survival rate (SR) and average daily length gain (ADGL) of silver barb. Addition of sardinelle fish oil by 4% resulted in SR (100%), SGR (2.17%/day), ADGL (0.85%/day), highest FI (63.81g/50 fish) and lowest FCR (1.73).
Substitution of fermented soybean juice dregs on catfish (Pangasius pangasius) feed formulation toward specific growth rate, efficiency of feed, feed conversion ratio, digestibility of crude protein, and energy
Authors: Arifiina Z N , Anjarwati A P , Lamid M , Agustono
Published: February 2020

The highest cost in catfish farming is feed. One of the imported feed ingredients is fermented dregs flour of soybean juice. This study aims to determine the effect of substitution of soybean meal flour with fermented dregs flour of soybean juice in catfish formulation feed (Pangasius pangasius) toward specific growth rate, the efficiency of feed, feed conversion ratio, digestibility of crude protein and energy. This research was experimental using 5 treatments which included P0 (100% soybean meal flour), P1 (90% soybean meal flour + 10% fermented dregs flour of soybean juice), P2 (80% soybean meal flour + 20% fermented dregs flour of soybean juice), P3 (70% soybean meal flour + 30% fermented dregs flour of soybean juice), P4 (60% soybean meal flour + 40% fermented dregs flour of soybean juice) with 4 times treatments repetition. The main parameters observed were specific growth rate, the efficiency of feed, feed conversion ratio, digestibility of crude protein, and energy. The results showed that the substitution of soybean meal of specific growth rate, the efficiency of feed, feed conversion ratio, digestibility of crude protein and energy were not significantly different (p> 0.05).
The use of mangrove leaves flour Avicenia rumphiana as antioxidant feed additive in commercial feed towards growth and survival rate of Nile tilapia fry Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Wulansari D , Sulmartiwi L , Alamsjah M A
Published: February 2020

Nile tilapia has high economic value, in its cultivation, to optimize the growth and survival rate of Nile tilapia could be done by adding vitamin C in its feed as antioxidant. However, vitamin C could not be synthesized in the fish body and expensive. Mangrove leaves Avicennia rumphiana contains antioxidant that suitable as the alternative of antioxidant likes vitamin C. This study aimed to observe the using of feed additive of mangrove leaves flour as antioxidant towards the growth and survival rate of Nile tilapia. This research applied a completely randomized design method which consist both of four treatments and replications that involve 0.02gr/kg vitamin C (K), amount of 0.2gr/kg, 0.4gr/kg, 0.6gr/kg mangrove leaves flour (P1, P2, P3). The result showed that the using of mangrove leaves flour as feed additive in commercial feed in 30 days at 0.02gr/kg has influenced the development of growth and survival rate of Nile tilapia. Therefore, it has proved that mangrove Avicennia rumphiana leaves flour is qualified to be the alternative of feed additive antioxidant in fish feed.
The effect of using different polar solvents on the stability of thermal extraction phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis
Authors: Irawati D , Abdillah A A , Pramono H , Sulmartiwi L
Published: February 2020

Spirulina platensis is one type of blue-green autotrophic microalgae which is included in the cyanobacteria class. Spirulina platensis microscopically, it looks like a thin thread (filament) in the form of a spiral. Phycocyanin, and phycobiliprotein are used in food, biotechnology, and the cosmetics industry because of their color and antioxidants. This goal of research is to provide information of the best polar solvents on the thermal stability of phycocyanin extract from Spirullina platensis. The research method used was the complete random design (CRD) method. The results of the concentration and purity of phycocyanin showed that the heating process using 80ºC for 60 minutes produced phycocyanin. The best polar solvent showe in etanol.
Observed snapshot condition of waters during El Niño Southern oscillation (ENSO) 2015-2017 events in the Maluku Channel
Authors: Bayhaqi A , Surinati D , Prayitno H B
Published: February 2020

The Maluku Sea acts as the east gate for the Pacific transport going to Indian Ocean via internal Indonesian Seas. The observational measurement using RV Baruna Jaya VIII, which was conducted during the second transitional monsoon in the respective years 2015,2016 and 2017, aims to figure out a snapshot condition of waters including in the Maluku Sea. The results emphasize a dominant southward current in the surface layer during the period. Despite having a variation of the meridional current pattern, a greater southward transport during 2016 and 2017 (La Niña years) with the maximum –1 Sv indicates that the air-sea interaction may have influence in the subsurface layer. While three type of water mass are observed in 2015 (El Niño year) such as North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW), North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) and South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW), there is an isopycnal mixing which triggers a fluctuation of the salinity value in the 200-700 m during 2016 and 2017(La Niña years). In addition, the temperature shifting during El Niño and La Niña events contributes to the discrepancy of nutrient concentration. The higher orthophospate and nitrate are observed during El Niño event associated with the warmer temperature.
Effect of Bacillus spp. and Nitrosomonas sp. in commercial feed as a probiotic agent to increase growth performance and feed efficiency of sangkuriang satfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Yaqin A A , Sudarno  , Rozi
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research was to know the combination effect of Bacillus spp., Nitrosomonas sp., that added to the commercial feed to feed conversion and growth on Sangkuriang Catfish. The method used in this experiment was design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. Samples (24.49±1.21 g) were a stocking density of 1,500 fish/pond and maintenanced for 30 days. The treatment applied was P0 treatment (feed without probiotic), P1 (5.0 x 107 CFU/gram feed of probiotic was sprayed), and treatment P2 (5.0 x 109 CFU/gram feed of probiotic is sprayed). The best treatment was probiotic in treatment P1 quantitatively made a real effect in growth and made a better feed efficiency than other treatments, with FCR (0.7±0.57), SGR (4.33±0.11), EPP (109.61±9.69), SR (96.91±0.45), DWG (2.07±0.18). Water quality of culture media was in the range of reasonable level of cultivation C. gariepinus. Adding probiotic P1 could be an effective alternative to increase growth performance and feed efficiency on C. gariepinus.
The Percentage of embryo viability after 48h sperm cryopreservation: effect of various natural cryoprotectant
Authors: Lestari S , Abinawanto  , Bowolaksono A , Gustiano R , Kristanto A H
Published: February 2020

Natural cryoprotectant is an important factor needed to protect cell compound. Its proper usage is based on toxicity which is influenced by its type, concentration, temperature, and exposure period of the compound. This study aims to evaluate the best concentration period of natural cryoprotectant, with the utilized sperm obtained from Tor soro fish using the stripping technique. It was further diluted with a solution consisting of fish ringer, methanol 10%, and natural cryoprotectant in a ratio of 1:10. The natural cryoprotectant used were honey, brown sugar, and date palm juice, at 10 % concentration. Furthermore, the sperm was stored in the liquid nitrogen at -196 °C for 48 h, melted at 36 °C for 1 minute, and mixed with 100 eggs for fertilization. The percentage of embryo viability was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey test. The result showed an effect of natural cryoprotectant on frozen sperm towards the percentage of embryo viability (p<0.05). The honey cryoprotectant is a natural compound that produces the highest embryo viability percentage at 1080 minutes after fertilization with a total of 94.20 ± 2.79 (p<0.05).
Effect of different bacterial strain in probiotics on the growth performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Sholihuddin T D , Arief M , Kenconojati H
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different bacterial type in probiotics on the growth performance of Nile tilapia. In this study, commercial probiotics with a different type of bacteria were added to the diet. The first group, as control, was fed with a commercial diet without probiotic. The second group was fed with commercial diet plus probiotic X contained Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The third group was applied commercial diet plus probiotic Y contained Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. Feeding trial was performed for 30 days. The result showed that the growth performance of Nile Tilapia including weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The addition of probiotics in the commercial diet also improved feed utilization significantly. The best growth performance was obtained in the third group where the probiotic Y applied. Different bacterial strain in probiotic could give a different effect on the growth performance of Nile Tilapia because of their different action mode in fish. Therefore, the appropriate selection of probiotic strains can lead to specific advantages for species in aquaculture.
Morphology, morphometrics, and some qualitative parameters of silver rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia) sperm
Authors: Adawiyah L A , Sulmartiwi L , Budi D S
Published: February 2020

The aims of this study are to inform the morphology, morphometrics, and some qualitative parameters of silver rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia) sperm as the knowledge that can be used as a basis for further research. This study was conducted in March until April 2018 in Wet Laboratory and Instrument Laboratory Universitas Airlangga, Banyuwangi Campus, Indonesia. A total of 10 male of silver rasbora with a weight of 4.11 ± 0.31g and length 7.78 ± 0.20 cm was induced using Ovaprim™ at a dose of 0.35 mL/g body weight to stimulate spermiation. Abdominal gentle stripping was done after 10 hours to collect sperm. The observed parameters are sperm morphology, head length and tail length as morphometric parameters, thickness, colour, and smell. Morphological description based on observation; a sperm consists of an oval head, a cylindrical midpiece, and a thin elongated tail. Averages of head length and tail length are 1.64 ± 0.25 mm and 30.57 ± 2.87 mm. Some qualitative parameters of sperm were observed include thick consistency, milky white colour, and fishy odour.
Detection potential fishing zones of Longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) using fisheries and remotely sensed data in the waters around Madura Island
Authors: Syah A F , Sholeh M
Published: February 2020

In situ data of Longtail tuna fishing location and satellite-based oceanographic data of chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a), sea-surface temperature (SST), and salinity were employed to figure out the impacts of oceanographic condition on the pattern of potential fishing zones for Longtail tuna in waters around Madura Island. The relation of those parameters to the dissemination of Longtail tuna was analyzed with a maximum entropy (Maxent). The predictive model performance was estimated using the area under the curve (AUC). The jackknife test was then employed to examine each parameter’s model contribution. The results from the Maxent model exhibited a high predictive success of the model with AUC value of 0.932. Maxent prediction showed a high probability occurrence of Longtail tuna occurred in the offshore area of the Java Sea. The results also revealed that the Longtail tuna habitat selection was significantly controlled by the salinity ranges from 32.3 – 32.5 ppt, SST ranges from 29.5–30.5°C, and chl-a ranges from 0.2 – 0.4 mg/m3. Besides, among the set of oceanographic variables utilized (SST and chl-a), salinity exhibited the highest value of the jackknife test. Therefore salinity expressed to be the most significant factor in the geographic dissemination of Longtail tuna in the waters Madura Island.
Evaluation of aqueous extract of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) leaves for controlling Argulus japonicus infestation on common carp seed
Authors: Afifah N , Kismiyati  , Kenconojati H
Published: February 2020

Argulus japonicusis common crustacea ectoparasite that infest in freshwater fish. The heavy infestation may trigger other fish pathogen infection which lead to mass mortality. Common carp seed has been known as the most vulnerable host forA. japonicusinfestation due to their immature immune system. Generally,A. japonicusinfestation could be controlled by chemical pesticides but its long-term use could create a harmful effect on the environment. Therefore, an eco-friendly natural product is needed to replace chemical pesticide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectivity of water extract of robusta coffee leaves to controlA. japonicusinfestation. Water extract of robusta coffee leaves was obtained from decoction method. The fish were infected withA. japonicusby artificial infestation using cohabitation method. The infected fish were dipped at different concentration 400 (P1), 800 (P2), 1200 (P3) and 1600 ppm (P4) of water extract for 30 minutes. The result presented that the water extract of robusta coffee leaves was effective to controlA. japonicusinfestation in 1600 ppm. This study revealed that robusta coffee leaves have anti-parasitic activity againstA. japonicus. Hence, it can be used as an alternative natural product for controllingA. japonicusinfestation in fish.
The different effects of heat shock duration and initial period on hatching rate, abnormality rate, egg yolk absorption, and survival rate of spotted barb (Puntius binotatus) larvae
Authors: Mukti A T , Ahmadi M , Widjiati  , Luqman E M
Published: February 2020

Spotted barb (Puntius binotatus) is one of Indonesian endemic fish with high economic value. However, this fish has slow growth, so innovative technology was required to increase fish growth. This study aimed to determine the different effects of heat shock duration and initial period on hatching rate, abnormality rate, length of egg yolk absorption, and survival rate of spotted barb larvae. This study was used an experimental method using factorial completely randomized design, with two factors of treatment, namely heat shock duration (1, 1.5, and 2 min) and initial period (3, 4, and 5 min after fertilization) of fish embryos. Egg fertilization was conducted artificially. The fish embryo was shocked at the temperature of 40ºC. Parameters of hatching and abnormality rates, length of egg yolk absorption period, and survival rate were observed. Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed Duncan’s multiple range test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the fertilization rate of the spotted barb was above 81%. Treatment of heat shock duration and initial period influenced hatching rate of fish embryo, and abnormality and survival rates of larvae; however, treatments have similar lengths of egg yolk absorption in spotted barb larvae.