bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
- أثر بند "الدولة الأكثر رعاية" من المادَّة الحادية عشرة من معاهدة فرانكفورت للسَّلام في العلاقات الألمانيَّة الفرنسيَّة والدوليَّة ما بين عامي (1871-1914م) من خلال المصادر الألمانيَّة - دراسة تاريخيَّة تحليليَّة
Authors: Al Haj Ali Abdul Majeed Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

تناولت هذه الدراسة الموسومة بـِ"أثر بند الدولة الأكثر رعاية" من المادَّة الحادية عشرة من معاهدة فرانكفورت للسَّلام في العلاقات الألمانيَّة الفرنسيَّة والدوليَّة ما بين عامي (1871-1914م) من خلال المصادر الألمانيَّة - دراسة تاريخيَّة تحليليَّة، أوَّلًا: الظُّروف التي جرى خلالها التَّوقيع على معاهدة فرانكفورت للسَّلام، وإصرار الجانب الفرنسي على صيغة المادَّة الحادية عشرة من هذه المعاهدة، ثانيًا: الأثر السَّلبي لهذه المادَّة في تطوُّر العلاقات الاقتصاديَّة والسياسيَّة بين ألمانيا وفرنسا حتى الحرب العالميَّة الأولى. وعلى الرَّغم من أنَّ هذه الدراسة لم تنصف -بشكل تفصيليّ- العلاقات الطَّويلة والمعقَّدة للغاية بين ألمانيا وفرنسا ما بين 1871م وحتى 1914م فقد أظهرت أنَّ الإخلال بالعلاقات الاقتصاديَّة الألمانيَّة الفرنسيَّة المباشرة كان له الأثر الكبير في سياسة التَّحالفات الدوليَّة بشكل عام، وفي العلاقات بين الرايخ الألماني والدولة العثمانيَّة بشكل خاص، وعلى الرَّغم من أنَّ العديد من دراسات الباحثين الألمان تناولت معاهدة فرانكفورت للسَّلام وبنودها بشكل عام فإنّها -في حدود علم الباحث- لم تتطرَّق لتناول العلاقات الألمانيَّة الفرنسيَّة قبل عام 1914م، ولا سيّما أثر المادَّة الحادية عشرة من هذه المعاهدة في العلاقات الاقتصاديَّة بين ألمانيا والقوى الأوروبيّة من ناحية وبين ألمانيا والدولة العثمانيَّة من ناحية أخرى، ولم يجرِ اعتباره بعد موضوعًا مستقلًّا للبحث، ومن هنا جاءت أهميَّة هذه الدراسة.
اقتضت طبيعة الدراسة الاتِّكاء على المنهج التاريخيّ التحليليّ القائم على تقصّي المعلومات والمعطيات من مصادرها الأوليَّة، وتحليل مضامينها، وتصنيفها بما يتناسب مع موضوع الدراسة.
الفلاسفةُ والعلماءُ المنسوبون لمدينةِ البتراء في المصادرِ الكلاسيكيَّة
Authors: Al-Salameen Zeyad Mahdi
Published: November 2024

تتناول هذه الورقةُ مجموعةً من الفلاسفة والعلماء المنسوبين لمدينة البتراء في المصادر التاريخيَّة القديمة، الذين وقفنا على أسمائهم مِمَّن نُسِبوا إلى هذه المدينة، رَغم أنَّهم لم يعيشوا فيها؛ لكونها -فيما نحسب- المدينة التي ولدوا فيها، وهم: چايوس، كالينيكوس، وچينيثيليوس، وإيپيفانيوس، وچيسيوس، ودوساريوس البتراوي، وقد تَسَمّى هؤلاء الرواد بأسماء يونانيَّة، وكتبوا أعمالهم التي ضاعت ولم تصلنا باللغة اليونانيَّة أيضًا، وكانوا على درايةٍ بالفلسفة اليونانيَّة ومدارسها ومذاهبها، وكانوا -على ما يبدو-، وباستثناء الطبيب البتراويّ المحترف چيسيوس، من أتباع المذهب السفسطائي. وقد اعتمد البحث على عددٍ من المصادر الرومانيَّة والبيزنطيَّة التي تطرَّقت لهؤلاء الرواد، ومن أبرزها كتاب "سودا" Σοῦδα الموسوعي، الذي يعود للقرن العاشر الميلادي، والمعتمد على مصادر عديدة قديمة، إضافةً إلى غيره من المصادر الأخرى التي تناولت إنجازات هؤلاء الفلاسفة والمفكِّرين وأعمالهم، وتؤكِّد هذه المصادر أنَّ معرفة العرب القدماء بالفلسفة اليونانيَّة كانت مبكِّرةً جدًّا، وأنها تسبق قدوم الإسلام بقرونٍ عديدةٍ، كما تؤكِّد بما لا يدع مجالًا للشكِّ أنَّ العرب القدماء قد اطلعوا، وبشكلٍ مُعمَّقٍ ومستفيضٍ، على المذاهب الفلسفيَّة القديمة المختلفة، وتأثروا بها وألَّفوا فيها الكتب، وكان لهم دورٌ واضحٌ في نشر المذاهب الفلسفيَّة والفكريَّة.
الأمراض والأوبئة في المدارس من خلال دفتر زيارات الطبيب (1930-1959م) (مدرسة وادي السير نموذجًا)
Authors: Al-amayreh Mohammad Nayf
Published: November 2024

يتناول البحثُ دفترَ زيارات الطبيب لمدرسة وادي السير خلال الفترة 1930-1959م، الذي اشتمل على ثمانٍ وثلاثين زيارة مدوَّنة على ثلاث عشرة صفحة وبقية الصفحات فارغة، وعلى غلاف الدفتر ورقة بيضاء ملصقة مكتوب بداخلها دفتر زيارات الطبيب/ إمارة شرقي الأردن من تاريخ 22/12/1930م مدرسة وادي السير. وبعد دراسة الزيارات التي تضمنها الدفتر جرى تعرُّفُ الأمراض التي كانت منتشرة خلال تلك الفترة، وتعرُّفُ بعض الأدوية التي كانت تستخدم لمعالجة الطلبة من تلك الأمراض. ووضَّحت الدراسةُ أنَّ الطبيب كان يعاينُ المرافقَ الصحيَّة في المدرسة ومدى صلاحيَّة بنائها ونظافة التلاميذ، كما كان يعاينُ حديقتها ويهتمُّ بها. وبيَّنت الدراسةُ أنَّ الطبيب كان يوقِّعُ باسم طبيب عمّان، وباسم طبيب الحكومة، وباسم طبيب المدارس، وفي آخر زيارة بتاريخ 6/6/1959م كان يكتب كلمةَ توقيع ويوقِّع. كما بيَّنت الدراسةُ حالةَ السكانِ الصحيَّةَ والاجتماعيَّةَ في تلك الفترة من خلال ما كان الطبيبُ يُدَوِّنُهُ في الدفتر، ووضَّحت أنَّ المعلِّمين كانت تُسند إليهم مَهَمَّةُ معالجة عيون التلاميذ، وتطوُّرَ التعليم وتوسَّعُهُ مدرسيًّا في الأردن، وأنَّهُ مع مطلع الخمسينيات أصبحت هناك مدارسُ للإناث وأُخرى للذكور، كما كان في وادي السير مدرسةٌ ثانويَّةٌ هي موضوعُ الدراسة.
نشوء النُّصب وأنماطها في المشرق في عصور ما قبل التاريخ حتى نهاية العصر الحجري الحديث الفخاري
Authors: Abu Ghanimeh Khaled Mahmoud
Published: November 2024

يتناول البحث بالدراسة بدايةَ استخدام النُّصب في بلاد الشام والأناضول منذ العصر الحجري القديم الأعلى ومراحل تطور استخدامها في الفترات التالية حتى نهاية العصر الحجري الحديث الفخاري، كما يتناول وظيفة النُّصب والتنوُّع في أنماطها، خاصَّةً في العصر الحجري الحديث ما قبل الفخاري، المرتبطة ارتباطًا وثيًقا بالفكر الديني من خلال تواجدها في المباني الطقسية والمدافن والتزيينات الزخرفية بالتشكيلات الحيوانية والبشرية المنحوتة عليها؛ حيث يتبيَّن أنها لم تقتصر على الأعمدة الحجرية، بل شملت كذلك اللوحات الحجرية. وبينت الدراسة مدى أهمية النُّصب في معتقدات إنسان عصور ما قبل التاريخ وأفكاره؛ لأنها من الدلائل المهمَّة التي اشتملت على جانب مهم من الفكر الإنساني وما قدَّمه للمجتمع الإنساني من أُسُسٍ للتطوُّر الحضري.
The Role of the Merchant Class in Japanese History: A Case Study of the Mitsui Family (1639-1895)
Authors: Tram Phan Thi Mai , Hiep Tran Xuan , Anh Huynh Phuong , Giang Tran Trong , Thuong Vo Mau
Published: November 2024

The birth of the Mitsui family was a necessity in the historical development of Japan in the context of changes in social classes, in particular, the role of the merchant class is increasingly recognized by the government through the contributions of merchants to the economic development of the country, onward, the unstable political situation and complicated financial and monetary confusion when there are two types of money, old and new, circulating at the same time. The Mitsui family which specialized in foreign trade and monetary finance, was born to promptly meet the changing and developing needs of Japan at that time. The main research methods are historical and logical. Using historical methods, we began to research the origins of the Mitsui family and the process of development and transformation of the business model from feudal society to capitalism. The logical method is used to determine the characteristics and nature of the relationship between economics and political values when analyzing the role of the Mitsui family according to a system. This study clarifies the formation conditions, ownership characteristics, form of management, and fields of activity of the Mitsui family as well as analyzes the role of this family in the development of Japan during the period of capitalism.
Assessment of Metal Pollution in Umm el-Surab Archaeological Layers, Northeast Jordan
Authors: Al-Bashaireh Khaled
Published: November 2024

This study aims to assess the extent of the anthropogenic pollution of Area A at the Umm el-Surab archaeological site, Jordan. It examines the concentrations of 21 metals from four Roman, Byzantine, and early and late Ayyubid-Mamluk layers. The site, located near Bosra and Umm el-Jimal, was continuously settled from the Roman till the Islamic periods. The chemical analysis and pollution indices (enrichment and contamination factors (EF, CF), and geo-accumulation index Igeo) show low enrichment in Zn, K, Sr, Na, Pb, Ba, Li, Mn, Mg, Mo, and Cu, and moderate enrichment in Cd, Ag, Ca, As, and Ni. Co is significantly enriched in one sample and moderately enriched in the other ones. The results show pollutant metals more enriched in the Byzantine layer than the rest of the layers. A likely primary source of the limited pollution is organic fuels and their firing product of ash, while a likely secondary source might be the pottery fragments spread in the layers. The results agree with the fact that the site was rural with limited industrial activities, especially metal production, like iron and copper, that would have increased the concentration of the analyzed metals.
The Role of City Brands in National Branding
Authors: Şentürk Esma Ebru , Kartal Cihat
Published: November 2024

The perception of a country as a brand is influenced by various factors, including the global economy, political structure, and location. However, the literature lacks sufficient information on identifying the items that can strengthen these variables. This research argues that it is crucial to identify the distinguishing features of each city and use them to create a country brand model from the collective city brands. The study employed a survey method, collecting 1,637 questionnaires from three distinct cities in Türkiye. The brand identities of these cities, as perceived by their citizens, were then analyzed. The obtained data was used to propose a model enabling Türkiye to establish a brand identity from local to general. The research revealed that although the three cities share similarities, their citizens perceive different sub-dimensions of their respective city brands, which are interrelated in various ways. The sub-dimensions of city identity as perceived by the citizens of the three cities form the basis of the proposed country branding model. In future research, it is recommended that the model be re-examined for different target groups and different countries.
The Role of Industrial Design for the Sustainable Disaster Management in Türkiye
Authors: Ünsal H. Tengüz
Published: November 2024

This article aims to discuss the contributions of the industrial design discipline to the development of new product and service systems for sustainable and effective disaster management in Turkey. For this reason, the article focuses on innovative process activities such as design and R&D carried out by the Turkish NGO-affiliated Shelter Systems Company, a major player in disaster response and one of the largest shelter system manufacturers in Europe. This research explores the roles of the industrial design discipline in innovation processes, as well as the organizational characteristics of the innovation activities carried out in the Shelter Systems Company. Within the scope of the case study, a business process analysis was conducted to understand the role of design in the creative process activities of the Shelter Systems Company and the natural workflow of the design processes. The research demonstrated that the Shelter Systems Company has recently shifted to income-generating activities that support social entrepreneurship, aiming to transform these efforts into social benefits. However, the main process activities of the Shelter Systems Company are primarily manufacturing orientated. Its industrial design capacity is limited, its inovation process is closed to external influences, and its horizontal collaborations for open information sharing with external organisations and stakeholders are restricted. Based on the findings, this research proposes strategies to make industrial design more effective in the innovative process activities of the Shelter Systems Company in disaster management.
The opinion of pharmacists about the pharmaceutical category of herbal medicines. Survey of pharmacy retail employees
Authors: Safonova Natalya V. , Trofimova Elena O.
Published: November 2024

The category of herbal medicines is represented in the domestic pharmaceutical market in the form of two main groups of pharmacy product assortment – herbal medicinal preparations (HMP) and dietary supplements (DS). They often have similarities in terms of composition, dosage form, and scope of application. Hence, attitude of professional specialists that influence consumer demand and choice, to these groups of pharmacy products is important to be considered.
Aim – to assess the level of knowledge, prevailing ideas, differences in the perception of HMP and DS among pharmacists working in pharmacy retail.
Material and methods. The survey of pharmacists was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire using the Google Forms electronic resource. 162 specialists with at least 1 year of experience in the pharmacy sector participated in the study. The study was conducted on the basis of the “Evalar Pharmacy” chain of pharmacies, specializing in the sale of herbal medicines.
Results. The majority of the surveyed specialists noted urological (54.0%) and neurological (52.1%) diseases as therapeutic areas where herbal medicines have real clinical value. The leading role of retail pharmacists in the choice of products by consumers was noted by 40.1% of respondents. The possibility of replacing HMP with DS in 38.0% of cases is completely denied by them, in 50.0% and 12,0% it is allowed if desired by the patient himself or in any case respectively. 59.3% of specialists point out the difference in the regulatory status of HMP and DS to consumers in their practice. In the majority of cases, they need reliable information about clinical trials on efficacy (73.6%), as well as the quality and safety of products (52.1%).
Conclusions. The results of the survey show that pharmaceutical specialists are well aware of the scope, advantages and disadvantages of the phytopreparation category, see differences in HMP and DS, but in their professional activities they are more guided by the opinion of consumers.
Factors increasing the hydroxycinnamic acids extraction from dandelion roots
Authors: Lukashou Raman I. , Gurina Natalya S.
Published: November 2024

Aim – to study the influence of extraction factors on the extraction of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) from dandelion roots.
Material and methods. The object of the study was air-dried dandelion roots. The HCAs content was determined using Arnov's reagent by spectrophotometric method according to the pharmacopoeic method. The influence of the nature, volume fraction of organic solvents, composition of extraction mixtures, temperature, duration, extraction frequency, medicinal plant raw material and extractant ratio, and medicinal plant raw material particle size on the HCAs yield from dandelion roots during extraction was established. Methanol, ethanol, propanol-1, propanol-2, acetone, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene glycol-1,2, ethylene glycol, glycerol and their aqueous solutions in volume fractions of 20, 40, 60 and 80% were used as extractants. A dispersion analysis of the influence of these factors on the yield of HCAs during extraction was performed. Results. Extraction conditions providing the maximum yield of HCAs in comparison with pharmacopoeial and literary methods were experimentally developed. The conditions are as follows: extractant – 60% propanol-1 or a mixture of 50% propanol-1 and 10% acetone; extraction temperature – 80˚C; extraction duration – 6 hours; medicinal plant raw material and extractant ratio – 1 to 25; extraction frequency – single and medicinal plant raw material particle size – 500 μm or less. It has been proven that the physicochemical characteristics of the extractants, their volume fractions in solutions and extraction parameters have a statistically significant effect on the yield of HCAs.
Conclusions. A statistically significant effect of the studied extraction factors on the yield of HCAs from dandelion roots has been proven. The developed extraction method statistically significantly increases the yield of HCAs by an average of 30% to 2.5 times in comparison with pharmacopoeial and literary extraction methods.
Challenges of Affective Assessment of Islamic Religious Education Learning in Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Susmiyati Sri , Zurqoni Zurqoni , Abdillah Muhamad Hasan , Saugi Wildan
Published: November 2024

This study aims to identify the challenges of madrasah teachers in the affective assessment of Islamic Religious Education based on the Independent Curriculum and to evaluate the understanding and abilities of teachers. This study uses a mixed explanatory method, with a quantitative method through a survey of 177 Islamic Religious Education teachers in East Kalimantan selected through simple random sampling from 378 teachers. Qualitative data were collected through interviews and observations. Quantitative analysis uses descriptive statistics (SPSS-25.0), and qualitative analysis uses the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. This study reveals that the main challenges in affective assessment for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers based on the Independent Curriculum include: (1) teachers' lack of understanding of religious affective assessment, (2) limited ability to carry out assessments, (3) low skills in using affective assessment methods and instruments, and (4) minimal support in terms of training, resources, and time. Teachers tend to focus more on cognitive assessments, causing students' affective assessments of religiosity to be less monitored. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of improving teacher competence in understanding and assessment skills, as well as training and resource support. Future research should develop an effective assessment training model based on the Merdeka Curriculum, including practical instruments, technology support, and collaboration between schools, government, and related parties to strengthen teacher capacity.
Students Perception on Soft Skills in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Sulistiyana Catur Setiya , Fauzan Zamzam Ahmad , Permatasari Tissa Octavira , Khasanah Uswatun
Published: November 2024

Background: Soft skills is important attributes of professionalism in the practice of medicine. Soft skills to be known as person's ability beyond knowledge, intelligence, or competence. Faculty of Medicine in Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia, has used various learning methods to support students' skills, allowing students to have different perspectives in understanding soft skills.
Aims: To identify the perception of medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Swadaya Gunung Jati University, in the pre-clinical stage towards soft skills.
Methods: This was an observational descriptive study. Respondents were selected using Stratified Random Sampling techniques, sample size was 262 respondents were obtained from semester 2, 4, 6 and 8. This study used primary data with 42 statement items with univariate analysis.
Results: From 262 respondents, of 93.1% students (244) have a good perception of the definition of soft skills. As many as 50.4% (123) of 262 respondents have a good perception of time management. As many as 81.3% (213) of 262 respondents have a good perception of critical thinking. 73.7% (193) of 262 respondents have a good perception of teamwork. As many as 87.4% (229) of 262 respondents have a good perception of public speaking.
Conclusion: This study showed medical student perception of soft skills regarding definition, time management skills, critical thinking, teamwork, and public speaking had a good perception. In the future, Faculty needs to provide space for students to develop these soft skills through training or interprofessional education and other programs.
 
Received: 10 September 2024 | Reviewed: 16 October 2024 |
Revised: 23 October 2024 | Accepted: 31 October 2024.
Ride-Hailing Drivers’ Preference for Fairwork Principles of Trustworthy Labour-Platform Management and Greater Worker-Autonomy and Willingness to Form and Join Worker-Platform Co-Operatives in Kenya
Authors: Matabi Jared Mark Ochieno , Gicheru Esther Njoki , Kiganane Lucy Maina
Published: November 2024

Ride-hailing worker-platform co-operatives had emerged as part of and for at least fairwork principles. Moreover, studies on e-drivers have recommended the formation of worker-platform co-operatives in Kenya. The actual worker-platform co-operatives by e-drivers are yet to be established. It was against this backdrop that a study was conducted to determine the extent of ride-hailing drivers’ preference for fairwork principles of trustworthy labour-platform management, greater worker-autonomy and willingness to form and join worker-platform co-operatives. The study was grounded in the social exchange theory, affective theory of social exchange, and utility theory. The researcher applied critical-realism research philosophy and multimethod research designs of discrete choice experiments and sequential explanatory mixed method research designs. Using the Yamane sampling formula, the study used quantitative data from 497 respondents from sampled 600 of the 20,000 e-drivers in the Nairobi Metropolitan Region. The quantitative data was analysed using multinominal logistic regression. Moreover, the study used qualitative data from 11 participants, analysed using thematic analysis. Results indicated that the two fairwork principles were statistically significant to e-drivers’ willingness to form and join worker-platform co-operatives. The trustworthy platform management (TPM) principle, in particular, was a highly preferred fairwork principle in terms of e-drivers’ willingness to form and join worker-platform co-operative model (Coeff=2.62; SE = 0.400, Z = 6.54, p< .001), compared to the greater worker-autonomy contract (GAC) principle (Coeff=1.565, SE = 0.202, Z = 7.74, p< .001). This study brings practical and theoretical contributions to improve the e-drivers’ benefits from the ride-hailing sector. Policymakers, promoters, and platform workers like e-drivers could understand how best to promote worker-platform co-operatives to succeed in the country’s societal context.
Customer Responsiveness Strategy and the Performance of Kenya Revenue Authority in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Peter , Rugami Maina
Published: November 2024

The customer is the primary growth determinant of an organization’s direction toward desirable performance. Proactive organizations that recognize the reality of customer focus contributions to business operations have significantly portrayed positive performance. This research aims to investigate how customer responsiveness influences the performance of an organization, with a specific focus on the Kenya Revenue Authority. To in aid establishing the foundational base of the study, theories such as the Resource Based View, Systems theory, Gap analysis Model and the Upper Echelon Theory were taken into account. The study employed the descriptive research design to comprehensively understand the current conditions and circumstances. The study's target population considered 445 KRA technical staff in Mombasa, including managers, supervisors, officers, and support staff. The study employed stratified sampling where 134 respondents were selected, who either had recently joined the company or altered their job roles according to duration of employment. To test the reliability of the study, the researcher employed Cronbach’s alpha coefficient which had a threshold of 0.7.  The threshold of a coefficient should be between 0 to 1 to maintain an internal consistency indicating reliability. To accurately determine the validity of the data for factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) Test and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity were conducted. The KMO test yielded a measure of sampling adequacy of 0.743, which indicates that the sample size was adequate for factor analysis. Data collection for the study was through the use of a close-ended questionnaire in the statement form. The data was analyzed through measures of central tendency such as mean, median, and mode. The analysis also included measures of dispersion such as variation, standard deviation, correlation analysis and regression analysis. It was observed that technology had the most substantial impact on KRA's performance. Indicating a strong positive relationship between technological implementation and performance outcomes. Service level agreements were found to be a significant predictor of performance suggesting that clear and well-structured SLAs contribute positively to the quality-of-service delivery, ensuring that customer expectations are met effectively. Top management support significance highlighted the importance of leadership and resource allocation in driving organizational success. Conversely, staff training indicated that while training is important, its direct influence on performance may be more nuanced or dependent on other mediating factors. Overall, the study found that customer responsiveness strategies significantly influence the performance of KRA in Mombasa County.
Physicochemical Properties of Oil Derived from Cucumeropsis mannii (Egusi) and Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) seeds
Authors: YUSUF Hajara Oyiza , JITE Anita Charlotte , MUHAMMED Safiya , SALAWU Simpa John , IBRAHIM Faiza Mustapha
Published: November 2024

In this work, physicochemical characteristics of the oils extracted from Cucumeropsis manni (Egusi) and Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) seeds were determined, and the output for both vegetable oils was compared. Unshelled seeds of both C. mannii and C. lanatus were purchased from modern market, in Lafia local government area of Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Following dehulling, oil was extracted from both seed samples using the cold extraction technique. The physicochemical properties such as density, viscosity, iodine value (IV), acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), and saponification value (SV) of the seed oil samples were then examined. The result revealed that the density for both C. mannii and C. lanatus seed oil were 0.98 ± 0.16 and 0.98 ± 0.16 g/ml, and their viscosity are 72.5 ± 0.03 and 57.5 ± 0.11 Cp respectively. Both C. mannii and C. lanatus seed oil IV was 84.92 ± 0.24 and 80.91 ± 0.12 g/I2/100 g, AV was 2.92 ± 0.26 and 2.44 ± 0.04 mgKOH/g, and PV was 3.77 ± 0.01 and 4.28 ± 0.05 meq peroxide/g respectively. The SV for C. mannii is 243.85 ± 0.31 is higher than that of C. lanatus which is 187.12 ± 0.19 mgKOH/g. In conclusion, the iodine, acid, and peroxide values for both samples show that they are safe to consume. The C. mannii SV demonstrates that it is superior for soap manufacturing. Finally, the PV demonstrates that both samples are suitable for biodiesel production, which can help reduce the impact of climate change on our society as a whole.
Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Anisopus mannii Leaves on Blood Glucose and Organ Weights of Wistar Rats with Alloxan Induced-Diabetes
Authors: MUHAMMADU Aliyu shaiskawa , ATOKOLO Atabo Isaac , JITE Anita Charlotte , MUHAMMED Safiya , OYIBO Sunday Ugbede , YUSUF Hajara Oyiza , MUDASSIR Lawal , Adu Oluwatosin Benedict
Published: November 2024

This study looked at the impact of Anisopus mannii methanolic leaf extract on Wistar rats’ organ weights and alloxan-induced diabetes. For this investigation, a total of 20 male Wistar (albino) rats weighing between 80 and 150 g were used. Four groups of rats were randomly assigned. 1: Normal control; 2: Negative control; 3: Positive control (treated alloxan induced-diabetic with 5 mg/kg metformin); 4: alloxan induced-diabetic treated with 200 mg/kg of methanolic A. mannii leaf extract. The findings of the study show there was a significant difference in the blood glucose levels between the diabetic rats treated with metformin and the diabetic rats treated with A. mannii methanolic leaves extract on days 7 and no significant difference in day 14. The fasting blood glucose level in the diabetic rats treated with A. mannii on day 7 reduced from 167.00±19.76 mg/dL to 88.08±11.78 mg/dL on day 14. the liver weights (3.69±0.21 g) of the diabetic rats treated with the extract were significantly lower than those of the diabetic rats treated with metformin (4.86±0.16 g), and it was also within the weight for normal control which were non-diabetic (3.93±0.29 g). The kidney weights of the diabetic rats treated with the extract (1.13±0.18 g) were significantly higher than those of the diabetic rats treated with metformin (0.96±0.03 g). This work unequivocally shows that, in rats given alloxan to produce diabetes, A. mannii extract was able to substantially lower fasting blood glucose levels and shield the kidneys and liver from harm in just two weeks..
Genomic Insights into Drug Abuse: The Role of DNA and Protein-Coding Regions in Addiction and Genetic Mutation
Authors: Sakran Ammar A. , Al-Jawher Waleed A. Mahmoud , Hadi Suha M
Published: November 2024

Abstract This paper explores the genetic and epigenetic impacts of drug abuse, focusing on how chronic drug use can induce mutations in DNA, particularly within protein-coding regions, and alter gene expression through mechanisms such as DNA methylation. The study highlights the significant role of these genetic changes in the brain's reward pathways, which contribute to the development and persistence of addiction. Through a comprehensive literature review, the paper identifies key genetic factors associated with addiction susceptibility and the long-term effects of drug-induced epigenetic modifications. A proposed research framework is presented, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies to track epigenetic changes over time, targeted genomic analysis to identify critical mutations, and the integration of multi-omics approaches to provide a holistic understanding of drug abuse's impact on the genome. The paper also addresses ethical considerations, including the importance of protecting genetic privacy and preventing stigmatization based on genetic findings. The study concludes that advancing our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying addiction can lead to more effective, personalized treatment strategies and inform public health policies aimed at mitigating the effects of drug abuse.
Secondary Metabolite Profiles: Trichoderma, Aspergillus flavus Glocladium and Penicillium as Biocontrol Agents
Authors: Ilmi Nur , Sogandi  , Hikmahwati Hikmahwati hikmahwati , Ambar Abdul Azis
Published: November 2024

A fungus is utilized as a biocontrol agent to suppress plant diseases by employing an antagonistic mechanism, wherein it releases enzymes that degrade the cell walls of pathogens and inhibit their growth. The antibiosis mechanism is initiated by biocontrol fungi through the production of secondary molecules or metabolites. The objective of the research was to examine the secondary metabolite composition of the biocontrol fungi Trichoderma spp., Aspergillus flavus, and Gliocladium sp. and Penicillium species The implementation approach involved the use of qualitative phytochemical testing and HPLC analysis. The outcomes of the investigation into the metabolite profiles of Trichoderma spp., Aspergillus flavus, and Gliocladium sp. were observed. and Penicillium species The presence of alkaloids, phenolics, and flavonoids was detected in the samples. The results of the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated the presence of 10-11 compounds, as evidenced by the peaks observed in the chromatogram. These compounds are presumed to be associated with the phenolic and alkaloid groups.
CARACTERISTICAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS DA TOXOPLASMOSE GESTACIONAL NO AMAZONAS
Authors: PORTELA DE AZEVEDO ARIMATÉIA , ALVES DE LIMA HIUANA ANTONIA , REIS DA SILVA ANA RUTH
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A toxoplasmose é uma infecção causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii. É uma doença infecciosa (não é contagiosa) e as principais vias de transmissão são oral, congênita e, de forma mais rara, por aerossóis, inoculação acidental, transfusão e transplante. Objetivo: Descrever as características epidemiológicas da toxoplasmose congênita no Amazonas em 2023. Metodologia: Trata-se de um levantamento de informações secundarias existentes em Sites oficiais do Ministério da Saúde (SINAN/NET e Site da Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado). Resultados: De janeiro a Dezembro de 2023 foram notificados no Brasil, 12.554 de Toxoplasmose em gestantes, destes, 1.553 (12,4%) foram na Região Norte e o Amazonas registrou no período 146 casos (1,2%), destes 116 (0,9%) eram da cidade de Manaus. A idade mais prevalente foi entre 15 a 39 anos. O mês com maior registro de casos dessa enfermidade foi entre agosto a dezembro (período sem chuvas). O estado da região norte com maior número de casos foi o Pará com 428 (3,4%). Conclusão: Conclui-se que as formais mais eficiente de prevenção ainda é o controle de ratos e insetos como moscas, baratas e formigas, descartando corretamente o lixo doméstico e os dejetos das criações de animais, lavar bem as mãos e as unhas após trabalhar na terra (horta ou jardim). Gestantes devem evitar essa atividade ou utilizar luvas
RISCOS E COMPLICAÇÕES ASSOCIADAS A HIPERGLICEMIA NA DIABETES MELLITUS GESTACIONAL
Authors: Andrade da Silva Francisco Ronner , Reis da Silva Bruno , Santos Bomfim Deivid , Martins de Araujo Leonardo , Dias Alencar Welton Gibson , De Oliveira Teógenes , Gonçalves Dantas Heric , De Sá Barreto Diaz Albuquerque Sampaio Theresa Lilianne , Sousa dos Anjos Aionara , Almeida Maciel Jônatas , Almeida Costa Juliana , Araújo Mendonça Bezerra Patrícia
Published: November 2024

O diabetes mellitus gestacional é definido como uma intolerância à glicose, com início ou diagnóstico durante a gestação. Está associado a inúmeras complicações na saúde materna, com prevalência que varia de 5 a 10% no âmbito mundial, o que se torna um problema de saúde pública. No Brasil, representa 37% das mortes maternas. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os principais constructos literários acerca do diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) abordando seus riscos e implicações na mulher grávida. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, por meio de buscas nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), com a inserção de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS): Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional. Intolerância a Glicose. Gestantes. Foram elegíveis para esta revisão, trabalhos publicados nos últimos dez anos (2013 a 2023), em idioma na língua portuguesa e inglesa. Foram localizados um total de 111 artigos: 60 artigos do SCIELO e 52 do LILACS. Após uma análise detalhada, observando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foi selecionado um total de 12 artigos a partir da relação com o tema e sua relevância. Os resultados da pesquisa, nos possibilitaram identificar na literatura os riscos associados ao diabetes gestacional, bem como as complicações decorrentes do problema. Gestantes diabéticas, têm um risco aumentado de desenvolverem eclampsia, polidrâmnia por conta da diurese osmótica fetal, assim como casos mais complexos, além de possíveis episódios de infecção urinária, pielonefrite e pielonefrinete, candidíase, trabalho de parto prematuro, hipoglicemia, cetoacidose, necessidade de parto cirúrgico, e alterações metabólicas, que também podem estar associadas à hiperglicemia, aumentando o risco de abortamento entre as gestantes. Conclui-se que a diabetes gestacional pode trazer sérios riscos à saúde da gestante, dentre os quais o aumento da possibilidade de parto prematuro e hipoglicemia pós-parto, mesmo em suas formas mais leves, podendo se estender a longo prazo, onde se tem um aumento de riscos e complicações.
O IMPACTO DO DIAGNÓSTICO DO HIV NO PRÉ-NATAL E SUAS COMPLICAÇÕES NO PARTO E PUERPÉRIO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Rodrigues Mendes Sanches Dayane , Santos Pereira Fabrícia , Braga Evangelista de Oliveira Ana Clara , Simoneti Bianchini Romanholo Helizandra
Published: November 2024

O diagnóstico do HIV durante a gestação configura um dos principais desafios na área da saúde reprodutiva, uma vez que existe a possibilidade de transmissão do vírus para o feto, chamada transmissão vertical, podendo ocorrer ao longo da gestação, no momento do parto ou durante a amamentação.  O estudo objetivou-se em verificar o conhecimento produzido na literatura científica, acerca do impacto do diagnóstico do HIV no pré-natal, e suas complicações no parto e puerpério. Considerando a questão norteadora: Quais são os principais impactos causados pelo diagnóstico do HIV na vida da mulher durante o período de gestação, parto e puerpério? Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizado por meio das bases de dados BVS, PUBMED, LILACS, MEDLINE e SCIELO, sendo empregados para busca dos artigos científicos os seguintes descritores: gestante, HIV, cuidado pré-natal, parto, puerpério. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre agosto e setembro de 2024, perfazendo um total de 1676 artigos acessados, sendo excluídos 1666 artigos por se enquadrarem nos critérios de exclusão por não responderem o objetivo do estudo, compondo uma amostra de 10 artigos. Os resultados foram apresentados de forma descritiva e por se tratar de artigo de revisão, dispensou-se o parecer do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Os Resultados dos estudos abordam o complexo manejo de gestantes com HIV, que compreendem questões clínicas, emocionais, socioeconômicas, além do abandono e baixa adesão ao tratamento, potencializando riscos à saúde da mãe e do feto. Conclui-se que a assistência a gestantes soropositivas é insuficiente e fragmentada, necessitando de atuação multidisciplinar.
Palavras-chave: Gestante. HIV. Cuidado pré-natal. Parto. Puerpério.
IMPACTO DA CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA NO CONTROLE A LONGO PRAZO DO DIABETES TIPO 2 EM PACIENTES COM OBESIDADE MÓRBIDA.
Authors: Werner da França Pires Leal Maria Eduarda , Maria Paula Sobrinho Moreno  , Camilla Fernandes Camana  , Ramon Viana Moura  , Maria Camila Amorim Carvalho  , Lorena Leão Gomes Leahy  , Aline Benezath Segundo  , Paulo Fernando Moraes Aragão  , Filipe Diniz Rodrigues de Souza  , Antonio Mário Rollemberg Seixas  , Sofia Beatriz de Freitas Cardoso  , Juan Guillerme da Silva Ribeiro
Published: November 2024

A obesidade mórbida associada ao diabetes tipo 2 é um desafio terapêutico, visto que intervenções convencionais nem sempre resultam em controle glicêmico sustentável. Este estudo revisa o impacto da cirurgia bariátrica no controle a longo prazo do diabetes tipo 2, analisando principalmente os procedimentos de bypass gástrico em Y de Roux (RYGB) e gastrectomia vertical (SG). Evidências apontam que esses métodos promovem remissão do diabetes e reduzem a dependência de medicamentos antidiabéticos, especialmente em pacientes com índice de massa corporal elevado. O RYGB, em particular, demonstra melhores taxas de remissão ao alterar o metabolismo da glicose e a secreção de hormônios como GLP-1, essenciais para o controle glicêmico. Fatores como idade e duração do diabetes influenciam os resultados, enquanto complicações e recidiva são possíveis e exigem acompanhamento contínuo. A revisão conclui que a cirurgia bariátrica é uma estratégia eficaz para o manejo do diabetes tipo 2 em pacientes com obesidade mórbida, mas a sustentabilidade dos benefícios depende de um suporte multidisciplinar e acompanhamento pós-operatório adequado.
A PREVALÊNCIA DA HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL E A MANUTENÇÃO DE SEUS FATORES DE RISCO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE QUANTITATIVA
Authors: DE SOUSA LOIOLA LUAN , Silva Ribeiro João Pedro , Silva Mariano Liz , Arino Corrêa Victória Agnes , Da Silva Borges Daniel , Arbo Maria Júlia , Ramalho Honorato Luana , Gorgen Andressa , Gomes Passos Patrik Thauan , Pinheiro Soares Rita Graciette , Guimarães Miranda Maria Eduarda , Zorzo de Santana Gabriela
Published: November 2024

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é a doença crônica mais prevalente no Brasil e uma das principais globalmente, constituindo um grave problema de saúde pública. Em 2016, essa condição gerou altos custos para o sistema de saúde brasileiro, além de ser um fator de risco significativo para doenças graves como infarto, acidente vascular cerebral e insuficiência renal, que juntas causam incapacitação e mortes. Embora influenciada por fatores genéticos e ambientais, a HAS pode ser prevenida por meio de hábitos saudáveis; no entanto, as estratégias de prevenção atuais são insuficientes para controlar sua disseminação. O estudo aqui apresentado busca avaliar a prevalência da HAS no Brasil e os fatores de risco associados a essa condição.
 
A pesquisa, de caráter quantitativo, utilizou dados da VIGITEL, que coleta informações sobre morbidade, autoavaliação de saúde, tabagismo, consumo de álcool, obesidade e atividade física. Os dados revelam um aumento na prevalência de HAS ao longo dos anos, com diferenças notáveis entre os gêneros e uma associação clara com fatores de risco como obesidade, consumo de álcool, sedentarismo e tabagismo.
 
Diante do cenário atual, conclui-se que a HAS representa um risco crescente à saúde pública, com sua prevalência em alta e elevada exposição a fatores de risco na população. A tendência é de que as taxas de mortalidade e internação relacionadas à HAS continuem aumentando, sendo fundamental que o sistema de saúde brasileiro invista urgentemente em estratégias de prevenção eficazes para reduzir o impacto dessa doença e de outras doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.
El Benidorm Fest como formato televisivo :
Authors: Solano Hernández Cristhian
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis sobre la evolución del Benidorm Fest como formato televisivo. Se estudiará cuáles han sido los formatos precedentes al Benidorm Fest como preselección española para el Festival de Eurovisión y se observará cómo se ha llegado a crear el Benidorm Fest y qué decisiones se han tomado durante sus primeros años.
Identidad Visual de Ingwaz /
Authors: Prieto Azabal Adrián
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se analiza la marca Ingwaz que nace de la mano de Olga, una joven emprendedora de Salamanca que decide crear una marca de accesorios para mascotas, concretamente para perros. Con este trabajo se pretende encontrar de manera profesional un resultado completo y funcional abordado desde el grado de publicidad, concretamente desde el perfil de diseñador y creativo publicitario, con la intención de que el producto final sea un manual de identidad visual que cuente con los requisitos esenciales y tenga en cuenta las necesidades y las aplicaciones específicas de esta marca.
IMPACTO DA LEI 14.324/2022 NA ASSISTÊNCIA A PACIENTES PORTADORAS DE ENDOMETRIOSE NO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE NO BRASIL
Authors: Viviane Silva Medeiros  , Viviane Nobre de Santana  , Jamile Neves de Souza Barbosa  , Luciana Oliveira Muniz Silva  , Patrícia Oliveira Mendes Carneiro de Campos  , Tatiana Gonçalves da Silva  , Gérsia Araújo Viana
Published: November 2024

A endometriose possui apresentação clínica variável, com sintomas similares a várias doenças ginecológicas e quadro assintomático em até vinte e dois por cento das mulheres acometidas, o que dificulta a quantificação da doença e o diagnóstico precoce. A demora no atendimento associada a falta de informação e diagnósticos tardios, podem causar o agravamento do quadro clínico, principalmente pelo risco de infertilidade. Considerando a necessidade de acesso ao tratamento, por meio do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), foi sancionada a Lei 14.324/2022 para estabelecer Diretrizes Nacionais com foco em diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento das mulheres portadoras de Endometriose. Objetivo: O presente estudo buscou verificar o impacto no número de atendimentos ambulatoriais e hospitalares após a promulgação da Lei 14.324/2022 na assistência às pacientes com endometriose atendidas pelo SUS. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, ecológico e descritivo composto por mulheres em idade fértil diagnosticadas com endometriose nos registros dos Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial e Sistema de Internação Hospitalar do SUS, por um período de 18 meses antes e 18 meses após a promulgação da Lei 14.324/2022. Foram utilizadas como variáveis de interesse, as informações existentes no TABNET, referente ao número de atendimentos ambulatoriais e hospitalares realizados nos períodos definidos para coleta e o perfil sociodemográfico das mulheres assistidas. Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados foram apresentados de forma comparativa, por meio de tabelas, onde foram considerados dados relativos à idade, raça, distribuição geográfica e tipo de atendimento realizado. Foi verificado que, após a promulgação da Lei, houve aumento no número total de atendimentos ambulatoriais e hospitalares às mulheres portadoras de endometriose atendidas no SUS, de forma geral, de acordo com o perfil sociodemográfico analisado.
EFICÁCIA DO ALIROCUMABE EM PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS COM HIPERCOLESTEROLEMIA FAMILIAR A PARTIR DE ENSAIOS CLÍNICOS RANDOMIZADOS
Authors: Frederico Cardoso Barbosa Guimarães  , Juliana Peterson Santos Moitinho  , Marta Vanessa Ferreira Bertoso  , Larissa Caroline Santos de Almeida  , Rafaela Florencio de Souza  , Carlos Henrique Pereira de Souza Cabral  , Brenda Oliveira Carneiro  , Raphael Fleumer Santana Santos  , Fabrícia Catiane Rodrigues da Silva Marques  , Amanda Jazra Brandão  , Andrew Pereira da Silva
Published: November 2024

A hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) representa o principal distúrbio genético do metabolismo lipídico, o qual apresenta dominância autossômica e se associa ao aumento do colesterol de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-c) e ao aumento risco de doença cardiovascular (DCV) precoce. O alirocumabe é um anticorpo monoclonal humano que se liga e inibe a proproteína convertase subtilisina kexina tipo 9 (PCSK9), o qual demonstrou reduzir o LDL-c e outras lipoproteínas aterogênicas em adultos com hiperlipidemia. O presente estudo de revisão buscou avaliar a eficácia do alirocumabe em pacientes pediátricos com hipercolesterolemia familiar, documentada a partir de ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados na literatura médica atual. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa realizada por meio da base de dados PubMed, que levou em consideração os seguintes critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos randomizados; artigos publicados nos últimos 05 anos (2019-2024); que possuíam texto completo disponível nos idiomas inglês, português ou espanhol e que abordassem acerca do uso do alirocumabe em pacientes pediátricos com hipercolesterolemia familiar. Ficou constatado que o alirocumabe é altamente eficaz na redução dos níveis de LDL-C em pacientes pediátricos com hipercolesterolemia familiar homozigótica e heterozigótica. Nos pacientes diagnosticados com hipercolesterolemia familiar homozigótica, houve quase a total eliminação dos níveis de PCSK9. Em ambos os estudos houve redução significativa e sustentada do LDL-C, embora uma análise post hoc tenha revelado variação nas respostas ao tratamento de acordo com o genótipo dos pacientes diagnosticados com hipercolesterolemia familiar homozigótica, destacando a importância de avaliar a atividade do receptor de LDL e o perfil genético para uma estratégia terapêutica otimizada.
INTERCORRÊNCIAS MAMÁRIAS EM PUÉRPERAS DA CIDADE DE MONTES CLAROS/MG
Authors: Jaksilene Imaculada Souza Silva  , Jhulia Natane Pereira Souza  , Camila Ribeiro Ferreira  , Deividy Cedson Alves Arruda  , Erika Lopes Lucas  , Larissa Lacerda Araújo de Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Identificar as intercorrências mamarias em puérperas de Montes Claros–MG. Metodologia: caracteriza- se como um estudo descritivo, de corte transversal e de abordagem quantitativa. Participaram do estudo 36 mulheres puérperas, com idade a partir dos 18 anos e que tiveram acompanhamento em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS), da cidade de Montes Claros-MG. Como instrumento de pesquisa utilizou-se um questionário adaptado com questões de múltipla escolha. Para análise dos dados foi aplicada a estatística descritiva. O projeto de pesquisa foi encaminhado ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Associação Educativa do Brasil - CEP/SOEBRAS obtendo parecer de aprovação 5.952.253. Resultados: foi verificado que 61% das participantes apresentaram idade entre 18 e 31 anos, sendo casadas (58%), que cursaram ensino médio completo (56%). Do valor total da amostra, 50% apresentou ingurgitamento mamário, 8% mastite, 12% candidíase mamária, sendo as fisssuras mamilares as mais prevalentes (81%). Conclusão: foi possível identificar as principais intercorrências, que são a fissura mamilar e o ingurgitamento. Ressalta-se a necessidade de intervenções que promovam mudanças efetivas no atendimento à mulher, desde o período gestacional, para que ocorra com sucesso o aleitamento.