bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fall Inducing Movable Platform (FIMP) for Overground Trips and Slips
Authors: Er Jie Kai , Donnelly Cyril John William , Wee Seng Kwee , Ang Wei Tech
Published: January 2020

The study of falls and any related fall prevention/intervention device requires the recording of true falls incidence. However, true falls are rare, random and difficult to collect. Therefore, a system that can perturb falls in an ecologically valid and repeatedly manner will greatly benefit the understanding of the neuromuscular mechanisms underpinning real-world falls events. A fall inducing movable platform (FIMP) was designed to arrest and accelerate the subject's ankle to induce trip via a brake and slip via a motor respectively. A gait phase detection algorithm was also created to allow the timely activation of the fall mechanisms to induce different recovery actions. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM1D) and two sample t-test were used to evaluate the transparency of the platform before it was used to induce falls. Thereafter, SPM1D and one-way repeated measure ANOVA were used assess the effectiveness of FIMP in inducing realistic falls. Walking with the FIMP's fall mechanisms attached on the ankle (SW) was found to be similar to normal walking (NW), except for a slight increase in ankle flexion during the swing phase. However, the magnitude of change would be considered negligible when compared to the changes in joint angles during the trips and slips of interest. During the FIMP induced trips, the brake activates at the terminal-swing and mid-swing gait phase to induce the lowering and skipping strategies respectively. The characteristic leg lowering and the subsequent contralateral leg swing was seen in all subjects for the lowering strategy. Likewise, for skipping strategy, all subjects skipped forward on the perturbed leg. On the other hand, slip was induced by FIMP using the motor to impart unwanted forward acceleration to the ankle with the help of friction-reducing ground sliding sheets. Joints stiffening was observed during slips, and subjects adopt the \textit{surfing} strategy after the initial slip. Results indicate that FIMP can induce reliable and ecologically valid falls repeatedly under simulated experimental conditions. The usage of SPM1D with FIMP allows the creation of the first ever quantifiable trip and slip reactive kinematics comparison. Effects of fall recovery anomalies can now be easily identified.
Delay in seeking medical care after the onset of symptoms in patients with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Wei Yan , Mi Fenghua , Cui Yan , Li Ying , Wu Xinyi , Guo Hui
Published: January 2020

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetes-associated complication and a primary cause of blindness. One of the critical factors affecting timely and effectual therapy for DR is the delay in treatment after the onset of symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the reasons for the delay in the treatment of the condition and the risk factors associated with the delay. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 127 patients with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) treated at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University in China. Various forms of STDR were identified including severe non-proliferative DR, clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and proliferative DR(PDR). Information concerning demography, clinical, and socioeconomic status of the patients was gathered. Risk factors associated with the delay was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results Among 127 patients with STDR, 89.2% sought medical care one month after the onset of symptoms. Patients who sought for treatment 6 months post-symptom onset had significantly lower income and less knowledge about diabetic eye complications than those presenting within 6 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that never or infrequent routine examination for diabetic complications was associated with a long delay in seeking medical care (odds ratio 3.06, 95% CI 1.05-9.19, p <0.05; odds ratio 2.91, 95% CI 1.04-8.40, p <0.05). Conclusions Most STDR patients sought medical care one month after the onset of symptoms. Never or infrequent routine examination for diabetic complications was associated with a long delay. The results of the present study stress the necessity to implement educational programs on diabetic complications to encourage early medical care and prevent disastrous outcomes.
Preparation and bioactivity of anti-Newcastle disease virus-phosphoprotein cytoplasmic transduction peptide antibody
Authors: Li Benqiang , Wang Man , Zhu Jianguo
Published: January 2020

On the basis of cell-penetrating peptide’s character that it can penetrate cytomembrane and transfer macromolecular protein to cytoplasm so to play biological function, we took the experiments. The fuse penetrating peptide our experiment adoptted is HIV-TAT derived fragment-CTP512, with good transmember effect and distinct cytoplasm-position. In this chapter, the research of transmembrane character was processed first. According to the tests on trans- member protein with different concentrations, the best trans-member concentration is 3µM. Afterwards, we found that the location of trans-member antibody is overlapping with phosphoprotein using indirect immunofluorescence test analysis. According to MTT test, there is no significant difference between CTP fusion protein and control on cell proliferation and viability. TCID50 test was used to detect the protective effect of trans-member antibody on cell. Result showed that trans- member antibody has significant cell protection effect compared to the control in the order: ZL.103>ZL.17>Control. Fluorogenic quantitative PCR result showed that trans- member antibody can disturb the duplication and transcription of Newcastle disease virus. This results not only paved a good way to research the transport of disease related protein, but also provide a splendid tool on protein function research.
Baseline studies on the health of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) populations from Argentina: laying the grounds for an improved interpretation of mortality episodes
Authors: Orozco Maria Marcela , Argibay Hernán D. , Minatel Leonardo , Guillemi Eliana C. , Berra Yanina , Schapira Andrea , Nucci Dante Di , Marcos Andrea , Lois Fernanda , Falzone Martin , Farber Marisa D.
Published: January 2020

Background: The comprehensive approach to diseases in broad ecological contexts appears as a new challenge for global health and draws on baseline studies to detect changes in the occurrence of pathogens over time. Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) mortality episodes were described in Argentina and several pathogens associated with environmental and eco-epidemiological factors were indicated as risk factors. To date, the lack of basic health information on these populations has hampered interpretation of findings. This study aimed to provide baseline data on health parameters in marsh deer populations from Argentina. Results: Between May 2014 and December 2016 we determined health parameters in 44 marsh deer with different body condition scores, and studied the pathological lesions in dead animals. Marsh deer with poor body condition had a high burden of the ticks Amblyomma triste and Rhipicephalus microplus. Vector borne agents (VBAs), such as Theileria cervi. Trypanosoma theileri, Trypanosoma evansi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma odocoilei, Anaplasma marginale, and Candidatus Anaplasma boolense were also found. Haemonchus spp, Ostertagia spp., Trichostrongylus spp. showed the highest infection prevalence. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis suggested a possible association of i) lower body score condition with high tick loads and infection with VBAs and, ii) the impoverished body score with high loads of nemathelminths and well-known harmful gastrointestinal parasites. Conclusions: Our results contribute with knowledge on the life history and health aspects of marsh deer in the study areas. We provide data on the prevalent infectious and parasitic agents in their populations. A range of haematology and serum chemistryvalues, and the occurrence of Fasciola hepatica and Leptospira interrogans serovar pyrogenes were reported for the first time in wild marsh deer from Argentina. The histopathological findings in succumbed animals allowed us to recognize injuries associated or not with their body condition. Our results are the first step in the creation of a baseline on marsh deer health in Argentina. In the future, these data added to new contributions could help improve the interpretation of the findings during mortality events.
Higher gestational weight gain and lower serum estradiol levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration are associated with increased risk of preeclampsia after in vitro fertilization
Authors: Chen Yu-Chen , Lai Yun-Ju , Su Yu-Ting , Tsai Ni-Chin , Lan Kuo-Chung
Published: January 2020

Background Very few previous studies have examined the effect of endocrine parameters during ART on preeclampsia. Moreover, there is little known about the relationship of steroid hormone levels on development of the placenta. The purpose of this study is to assess the association of preeclampsia with serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). Methods This was a hospital-based cohort study using clinical data from the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Obstetric and Neonatal Database (KCGMHOND) from Jan 1, 2001 to December 1, 2018. Eligible women underwent at least one autologous IVF/ICSI cycle and had a live-born infant with a gestational age (GA) of more than 20 weeks. Results A total of 622 women who had live births after fresh IVF/ICSI-ET during the study period met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight women (4.5%) met the diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia. However, women in the preeclampsia group had a significantly higher body mass index (22 vs. 24, p =0.05), body weight at delivery (70.0 vs. 80.5 kg, p <0.001) and gestational weight gain (13.0 vs. 19.6 kg, p =0.002) and had lower use of ICSI (29.9% vs. 10.7%, p =0.021). Logistic regression analysis of the relationship of patient and treatment characteristics with preeclampsia. The crude ORs indicated that young female age >34, not using ICSI, E2 peak <1200 pg/mL and gestational weight gain >20 kg were associated with preeclampsia. After adjustment for confounding, the only factors that remained significant were E2 peak <1200 pg/mL (aOR = 4.634, 95% CI = 1.061 to 20.222), and gestational weight gain >20 kg (aOR: 13.601, 95% CI: 3.784, 48.880). Conclusions For women receiving IVF/ICSI, lower estradiol hormone levels on the day of hCG administration and higher pregnancy weight gain are related with subsequent preeclampsia.
Routine Health Information System in the Health Facilities in Yaoundé-Cameroon: Assessing the Gaps for Strengthening
Authors: Tamfon Brian Bongwong , Ndongo Chanceline Bilounga , Bataliack Serge Marcial , Ngoufack Marie Nicole , Nguefack-Tsague Georges
Published: January 2020

Background Management of health data and its use for informed decision making is a challenging health sector aspect in developing countries. Monitoring and evaluation of health interventions for meeting health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and Cameroon Health Sector Strategy (HSS) targets is facilitated through evidence-based decision-making and public health action. Thus, a Routine Health Information System (RHIS) producing quality data is imperative. The objective of this study was to assess the RHIS in the health facilities (HFs) in Yaoundé in order to identify gaps and weaknesses and to propose measures for strengthening. Methods A health facility-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the six health districts (HDs) of Yaoundé; followed by a qualitative aspect consisting of in-depth interviews of key informants at the Regional Health Office. HFs were selected using a stratified sampling method with probability proportional to the size of each HD. Data were collected (one respondent per HF) using the World Health Organization (WHO) and MEASURE Evaluation RHIS rapid assessment tool. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel 2013 and analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 20. Results A total of 111 HFs were selected for the study. Respondents aged 24-60 years with an average of 38.3±9.3 years; 58 (52.3%) male and 53(47.7%) female. Heads of HFs and persons in charge of statistics/data management were most represented with 45.0% and 21.6% respectively. All the twelve subdomains of the RHIS were adequately functioning at between 7% and 30%. These included Human Resources (7%), Data Analysis (10%), Information and Communication Technology (11%), Standards and System Design (15%), Policies and Planning (15%), Information Dissemination (16%), Data Demand and Use (16%), Management (18%), Data Needs (18%), Data Quality Assurance (20%), Collection and Management of Individual Client Data (26%), Collection, Management, and Reporting of Aggregated Facility Data (30%). Conclusions The level of functioning of subdomains of the RHIS in Yaoundé was low; thus, immediate and district-specific strengthening actions should be implemented if health-related SDGs and HSS targets are to be met. A nation-wide assessment should be carried out in order to understand the determinants of these poor performances and to strengthen the RHIS.
Lipid Composition of Three Bermudagrasses in Response to Chilling Stress
Authors: Fontanier Charles , Moss Justin Quetone , Gopinath Lakshmy , Goad Carla , Su Kemin , Wu Yanqi
Published: January 2020

Cell and plastid membranes play a critical role in plant response to chilling stress. Fall color retention (chilling tolerance) of bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is known to vary with cultivar and management practices. A growth chamber study was conducted to characterize the lipid composition of three bermudagrasses in response to chilling stress. The grasses selected were ‘Tahoma 31’ (chilling-sensitive) and ‘Tifway’ (chilling-tolerant) interspecific hybrid bermudagrass (C. dactylon × C. transvaalensis) and ‘Celebration’ common bermudagrass (C. dactylon), which served as an internal standard. Plants were subjected to simulated fall conditions defined as an 8/2 °C (day/night) temperature regime with 10-hour photoperiod and evaluated for chilling response for 42 days before allowing plants to enter an apparent dormancy. Plant leaves were sampled for lipidomics analysis at 0, 14, and 42 days of chilling treatment (DOT) and again after 40 days of recovery from dormancy (during which temperatures were adjusted to mimic average spring conditions for Oklahoma). ‘Tifway’ demonstrated the lowest electrolyte leakage (EL) and visual discoloration at 42 DOT, while ‘Tahoma 31’ had the greatest EL and discoloration on the same date, and ‘Celebration’ was intermediate of the two. Prolonged exposure to chilling stress generally increased digalactosyldiacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine (PC) content and decreased monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) content, with ‘Tahoma 31’ showing the greatest increase in PC and decrease in MGDG. The double bond index, an indicator of fatty acid unsaturation, was greatest in ‘Tifway’ at 42 DOT. Each cultivar increased in fatty acid unsaturation, with Tifway demonstrating the greatest increase in MGDG unsaturation. Multivariate discriminant analysis identified six individual lipid species that contributed most to the cultivar response to chilling. These findings suggest unsaturation level of plastid lipids, particularly MGDG, is important for chilling tolerance and therefore fall color retention of bermudagrass. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that chilling tolerance can be negatively associated with freezing tolerance in bermudagrass.
VIVÊNCIAS DE PRAZER E SOFRIMENTO NO TRABALHO: o caso de policiais militares de uma cidade do interior
Authors: Silva Dara Heleno da , Marra Adriana Ventola
Published: January 2020

Este artigo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar as vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho dos policiais militares de uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais. Este estudo caracterizou-se por ser qualitativo descritivo. Foram realizadas sete entrevistas semiestruturadas com policiais militares da cidade pesquisada. Os dados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo. Identificou-se o local de trabalho, o sentimento de utilidade, o reconhecimento e os relacionamentos no trabalho como  vivências de prazer. A respeito do sofrimento, foram: falta de reconhecimento social,  remuneração,  medo e  interferência na vida pessoal. Concluiu-se que o aumento da criminalidade no interior não foi considerado como fonte de sofrimento, a partir do efeito de comparação com outras cidades.
Pensamento Social Brasileiro, Estudos Organizacionais e a Reinvenção do Sertão: uma entrevista com o Prof. Paulo Emílio Matos Martins
Authors: Abdala Paulo Ricardo Zilio
Published: January 2020

Entrevista com o Prof. Paulo Emilio Matos Martins
A SOCIEDADE DO CONSUMO
Authors: Fernandes Paula Cristina De Moura
Published: January 2020

A sociedade capitalista define todos os padrões de comportamento, de beleza, de lazer, de costura, enfim, de consumo! Um sistema que é preocupado com a ordem material, somos impulsionados ao consumo compulsivo. Para além do que consumimos sem a necessidade para nossa sobrevivência há um sistema produtivo, improdutivo e reprodutivo que intensifica e explora os trabalhadores por extensas jornadas, péssimas condições e ambientes de trabalho.Outro ponto importante a se levantar em uma sociedade consumista, é a quantidade de lixo produzida diariamente, seja pelas embalagens ou pelos produtos descartados -alguns ainda em vida útil-, o meio ambiente grita em um pedido de socorro, e nós só ouvimos as propagandas para consumir mais. Contudo, a quem romantize a flexibilização das leis trabalhistas, das condições de trabalho e dos tipos de trabalho, o que chamamos de uberizacao do trabalho. E precisamos neste momento, nos unir ainda mais para combater esse processo de uberizacao e lutar por trabalhos dignos, com boas condições e direitos que garantam o trabalhador seu sustento e de sua prole com dignidade.
El derecho y la injusticia extrema
Authors: Aguiar de Oliveira Júlio
Published: January 2020

Mi propósito en este ensayo consiste en reflexionar en torno al argumento de la injusticia extrema (Fórmula de Radbruch), enfocándome tanto en las teorías no-positivistas del derecho de Gustav Radbruch y Robert Alexy como en los argumentos positivistas de H. L. A. Hart y Brian Bix, para así proponer algunos argumentos para defender la corrección de la tesis que reconoce la Fórmula de Radbruch como un elemento del concepto del derecho, pero no como una prescripción para la decisión judicial.
KESANTUNAN DALAM PERCAKAPAN PEMANDU WISATA DI UBUD BALI
Authors: Dian Susanthi I Gusti Ayu Agung , Manik Warmadewi Anak Agung Istri
Published: January 2020

The politeness of a language is important in providing services such as services in tourism. In providing services in the tourism sector it is certainly important to provide good service as an example of using polite language so that tourists feel comfortable while enjoying tourism. Tourists in this study focused on tour guides, tour guides are one of the jobs associated with guest activities while enjoying their tours in Bali, guests need the services of tour guides to take them on a tour while on vacation in Bali. Ubud is one of the tourism areas that is visited by guests from various parts of the world. Thus, researchers chose the Ubud area as a research location. The tour guide in Ubud is the object of the study. At the first stage, the method used was observation method. In this case the researcher identified the conversation and explored politeness in the conversation between the tour guide and the tourist. At the second stage, the researcher identified the politeness of the language contained in the conversation. The next stage, the researcher used the method of observation, the researcher observed, examined gudiding conversations and examined politeness in English expressions used by tour guides.
Градопреобразующая роль инновационной деятельности
Authors: Bocharov Yuri , Frezinskaya Nataliya , Kirill Sergeyev
Published: January 2020

В статье охарактеризована пространственная организация инновационной деятельности в городах России и её столице, отмечены быстрое развитие цифровых технологий, способ­ствующее вхождению России в число стран - инноваторов рейтинга Bloomberg-2018, возможности использования потенциала, накопленного в сфере исследований и разра­боток, для совершенствования производства, образования, строительства, здравоохранения и коммунального хозяйства. Инновационная деятельность в России становится инструмен­том совершенствования градостроительной среды, однако в производстве инноваций федеральные округа и входящие в них города участвуют с разной активностью.

В Центральном округе сосредоточивается более половины занятых исследованиями и разработками, а в Москве - чуть менее трети. В столице организуется единый инновационный кластер (ИК), включающий учреждения Российской академии наук, Московский государственный университет, технические вузы, технопарки, ИТ - компании, бизнес-инкубаторы и другие связанные с ними объекты. Идет процесс создания высокотех­нологичных предприятий, производительность труда превыша­ет средние показатели по стране в 2,5 раза. В конструкторском бюро Российской самолетостроительной компании МиГ (РСК «МиГ») разрабатываются прогрессивные технологии, создают­ся новые и совершенствуются существующие виды продукции. Инноград «Сколково» готовит магистров и аспирантов для работы в области информационных технологий, энергетики, биомедицины и космической медицины.

Московский опыт распространяется на удалённые регионы России, включая кризисные города (например, Новокузнецк и Тольятти). В статье намечены пути оживления кризисных городов Европейской и Азиатской частей страны и ставится задача создания модели эффективного градопреобразования с использованием инструментов инновационной деятельности.
Некоторые вопросы современного расселения и административно-территориального устройства России
Authors: Kadyshev Georgy
Published: January 2020

В статье кратко изложены основные особенности форми­рования административно-территориального устройства и управления России в сопоставлении с аналогичным процес­сом во Франции. Наибольшее внимание в рассмотрении этой проблемы уделяется естественному процессу самоорганиза­ции населения, в результате которого из первоначально малых систем расселения со своими центрами и инфраструктурой образовалась целостная поселенческая структура страны с чёткой трёхступенчатой иерархией административно-тер­риториального деления и управления. Даётся оценка роли политических преобразований в стране после революции 1917 года и результатов волевых решений руководителей СССР от­носительно учреждения административно-территориальных единиц по национальному признаку. Рассматривается влия­ние различных факторов на складывающееся после 1991 года новое административно-территориальное устройство России. Анализируются положения Федерального закона №131-ФЗ «Об общих принципах организации местного самоуправления в Российской Федерации» в части административно-террито­риального деления России и полномочий муниципальных образований различного уровня. Выявлены наиболее спор­ные положения в существующем административно-терри­ториальном делении и разделении полномочий различных уровней. Даны предложения по совершенствованию ряда статей Федерального закона №131-ФЗ.
Hemorragia digestiva en paciente con hiperplasia de glándulas de Brunner
Authors: Sánchez-Aldehuelo Rubén , Ruiz-Cobo Juan Carlos , Senosiain Lalastra Carla , Tavío Hernández Eduardo , Perna Monroy Cristian , Albillos Agustín
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: analizar las características epidemiológicas, bases etiopatogénicas y presentación clínica, así como el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la hiperplasia de glándulas de Brunner (HGB).

Métodos: describir un caso de HGB diagnosticado de forma incidental durante una endoscopia electiva y realizar una revisión de la literatura disponible hasta el momento.

Resultados: esta neoformación consiste en una proliferación glandular localizada preferentemente en el duodeno proximal. Su diagnóstico, normalmente realizado mediante biopsia endoscópica, puede asociarse con complicaciones que, aunque infrecuentes, no deben ser subestimadas.

Conclusiones: las neoplasias duodenales representan un porcentaje pequeño dentro del total de las que afectan al tracto gastrointestinal. Debido a que el diagnóstico de estas lesiones suele realizarse de forma casual durante una endoscopia programada, el tratamiento deberá basarse en la sintomatología, así como el tamaño de las mismas, de acuerdo con los estándares de tratamiento de cada centro.
Potentials of three dimensional printing in radiology: A case of a knee injury
Authors: Jukovic Mirela , Stojic Ivana , Till Viktor
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Images of computed tomography, computed tomography angiography,
ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography
are usually stored in Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine standard
formats, which can be used later for processing and making three dimensional
models and objects. The three dimensional printing has become increasingly
popular in various fields of medicine. The purpose of this article was to
present the workflow for three dimensional printing of medical models and to
point out potential significance of three dimensional model printing in
clinical practice and in training of medical students and residents. This
type of approach may open new perspectives in communication and interaction
between clinicians, radiologists and patients, in order to achieve better
treatment results. Material and Methods. Images of an injured knee in
digital imaging and communication in medicine format were used for creation
of a three dimensional printed model. Digital imaging and communication in
medicine files were without sensitive information on the patient using three
dimensional Slicer software, then processed with embodi three dimensional
cloud service, further prepared with MeshLab and printed on a Ultimaker 2
printer. Results and Discussion. A three dimensional model of an injured
knee was printed and presented. The model was used for the evaluation of
tibial fractures. It may be shown to the patient and also to the surgeon in
order to be more specific about the treatment procedure. Application of
three dimensional printing in medicine was discussed. Conclusion. Medical
three dimensional printing is likely to play a more important role in the
clinical practice, not only for surgical planning, but also in the education
of students and residents in different medical branches. This three
dimensional plastic model of an injured knee may serve as a good example of
the potentials of the three dimensional printing technology in medicine.
Factibilidad financiera de infraestructura solar para pequeños y medianos agricultores y productores de nuez en Delicias, Chihuahua
Authors: Hernández Salas José Esteban , Márquez Fierro Walter , Pérez Jerónima Antonieta , Macías López María Guadalupe
Published: January 2020

La producción sostenible de energía eléctrica ha cobrado cada vez mayor preponderancia en el desenvolvimiento de todas las actividades humanas. De las muchas actividades humanas que son fundamentales garantizar su sustentabilidad, la producción agrícola es vital, puesto que la accesibilidad a los alimentos es uno de los mayores logros en los que ha podido avanzar la humanidad. Con la visión de buscar que la actividad agrícola de México se direccione a la vanguardia energética, este estudio se propuso determinar la factibilidad que puede tener la implementación de paneles solares para irrigación fotovoltaica en nogaleras en comunidades de pequeños y medianos agricultores de la región de Delicias, Chihuahua, México. Para ello se procedió a hacer un estudio de campo con productores de la región para evaluar los costos financieros y las infraestructuras necesarias para la implementación de dicha tecnología. El análisis respectivo arrojó resultados que mostraron que no es factible la inversión financiera de productores en paneles solares que puedan almacenar y conducir la energía solar necesaria en el bombeo para irrigación de nogaleras de la región por los altos costos de inversión inicial que requieren, así como unas tasas de retorno de inversión que oscilan entre 9 % y 13 % después de los 20 meses. En conclusión, actualmente se evidencia que la competitividad en el mercado y la sostenibilidad a largo plazo de los recursos energéticos siguen siendo conceptos dicotómicos, lo que hace imperativo seguir estudiando las posibilidades de tender puentes que garanticen un futuro energético sostenible para las comunidades agrícolas de la región.
Avaliação de Crianças com Indicadores de Risco para Deficiência Auditiva Atendidas em um Serviço de Referência em Triagem Auditiva Neonatal
Authors: Rezende Ana Luiza de Freitas , Resende Luciana Macedo de , Carvalho Elaine Alvarenga de Almeida , Avan Paul , Carvalho Sirley Alves da Silva
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a audição de crianças com indicadores de risco para deficiência auditiva que realizaram triagem auditiva neonatal e retornaram para o acompanhamento após seis meses. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal realizado no Serviço de Referência em Triagem Auditiva Neonatal de um hospital universitário com crianças com indicadores de risco para deficiência auditiva. O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas: teste e reteste (quando necessário) e acompanhamento (aos seis meses de idade corrigida). Resultado: Na triagem foram avaliadas 179 crianças. Nesta etapa houve associação entre resultado “falha” em ambas as orelhas e suspeita de síndrome e resultado “falha” e citomegalovirose. Em todas as etapas 12 crianças apresentaram alterações condutivas confirmadas pela imitanciometria, e nenhuma apresentou alteração neurossensorial. Conclusão: A alteração auditiva condutiva foi a mais presente nesta população. Não foram detectadas alterações auditivas neurossensoriais em nenhuma criança avaliada no período do estudo, portanto o monitoramento auditivo dessas crianças deve ser realizado até idades mais avançadas para se detectar eventuais perdas auditivas progressivas ou de origem tardia.
The Origin and Development of the Periodical Press in Chechnya and Ingushetia During the Soviet Modernization (1920s–1930s)
Authors:   Chechen State University, Yusupova Markha Lemaevna
Published: January 2020

The study reviews the formation of the Chechen-Ingush national periodical press. The emergence of media in the North Caucasus happened simultaneously with the emergence of national statehood, culture and education. An important achievement of cultural construction in Chechnya and Ingushetia was the creation of a national press. The mass media in Chechnya and Ingushetia was established in conditions of almost complete illiteracy of the population, the absence of native written language and under total control (censorship). In the mid-1930s in Chechnya-Ingushetia, a holistic media system was formed, aiming at ideological support of the national economic tasks, the spread of shock work, rationalization, the Stakhanovite movement, reporting on agricultural cooperation and collective farm construction, school education and the campaign of eradication of illiteracy. Moreover, relevant topics were as follows: the involvement of Chechen and Ingush women into production and socio-political life, the struggle with vestiges of the past, kulaks, religion, etc.
On the Typology of Philosophical Concepts and Texts
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Saenko Alexander Vitalyevich
Published: January 2020

The object of the research is the features of philosophical language as a terminology system of a certain sphere of culture called “philosophy”. The author is interested in those features of philosophical language as an artificial language beyond the linguistic details of natural languages within which philosophical concepts are used. Philosophical concepts are studied as an indicator that distinguishes a philosophical text from a non-philosophical one. The subject studied is philosophical concepts and their features as well as the author’s volume and the content of these concepts. The problems are studied by the analysis of philosophical literature and conceptual summary of the findings. The paper suggests a typology of philosophical concepts. Yhe typology is used to distinguish between the types of philosophers. The paper provides a typology of philosophical texts. Various approaches to studying key features of philosophical concepts as elements of the language of philosophy are used in combination.
JENIS KAPABILITAS DINAMIS PELAKU RINTISAN START UP ENTREPRENEUR (Studi Pada Pelaku Subsektor Gastronomi di Industri Kreatif)
Authors: Sugiono Arif , Fordian Dian
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the types of dynamic capabilities for start-up entrepreneurs in the creative industries gastronomy sub-sector where the Organization Life Cycle stage is at the entrepreneurial stage. The method used was a snapshot case study with a naturalistic descriptive type. The informants were determined using purposive techniques with some criteria that are in accordance with the focus and locus of research. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and literature study. Data were analyzed using an interactive model. The results showed that there are several types of dynamic capabilities that start-up entrepreneurs need: the ability to choose and design organizational structures, the accuracy of the choice of information technology types, and the ability to design market-oriented strategies. Based on the results of the research above, the startup entrepreneurs are required to have a renewal ability to sustain managerial skills to analyze and adapt to the dynamics of the internal and external environment that changes amicably. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis kapabilitas dinamis yang diperlukan bagi para pelaku start up entrepreneur di sub sektor gastronomi industri kreatif yang tahap Organization Life Cycle berada pada tahap entrepreneurial. Metode yang digunakan adalah snapshoot case study dengan type deskriptif naturalistic. Penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive, dengan beberapa krieria yang sesuai dengan fokus dan lokus penelitian. Teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi pustaka. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada beberapa jenis kapabilitas dinamis yang sangat diperlukan bagi pelaku rintisan start up entrepreneur, yaitu kemampuan memilih dan mendesain struktur organisasi, ketepatan pemilihan jenis teknologi informasi dan kemampuan mendesain strategi yang berorientasi pasar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, maka pelaku rintisan start up entrepreneur dituntut untuk memiliki renewal ability untuk menopang managerial skill, sehingga mampu menganalisa dinamika lingkungan internal dan eksternal.
“Kotak Emas”, Pahatan Relung Pada Dinding Tebing Lae Tungtung Batu di Dairi, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Hidayati Dyah
Published: January 2020

AbstractNiches at the walls of edge of Lae (river) Tungtung Batu have been known by the local people as “the golden box”. The naming, without sufficient scientific proofs, refers to its profane function as storage of valuable items. The question is: is the object of a profane or sacred function? A theory proposes that a megalithic structure that was built for the worship of ancestors, either as a tomb or supplementary worship, supported by a comparative study of similar findings in different areas with the same cultural background, results in different interpretations of the functions of the niches that were previously connoted to a storage for valuable things now are of a burial reason. Similar objects found in Samosir, Deli Serdang, Karo and Tana Toraja are currently interpreted as sarcophagus. The niches in Tuntung Batu share similar characteristics of sarcophagus with those in other areas in North Sumatra and Indonesia. It is contextually supported with the presence of other objects in Tuntung Batu such as pertulanen and mejan that are related with burial and stones of tunggul nikuta candi and perisang manuk and the statue of pangulubalang that is of a mystical purpose to give the people protection.AbstrakPahatan relung-relung pada dinding tebing batu Lae (sungai) Tungtung Batu oleh masyarakat setempat dikenal dengan sebutan “kotak emas”. Penamaan ini merujuk kepada fungsi profannya sebagai tempat penyimpanan benda-benda berharga, namun tanpa ditunjang oleh bukti-bukti ilmiah yang cukup memadai. Masalah yang dikemukakan adalah : apakah objek tersebut memang memiliki fungsi profan seperti tersebut di atas ataukah berfungsi sakral ? Mengacu pada teori bahwa suatu bangunan megalitik didirikan terkait dengan pemujaan terhadap leluhur, baik sebagai kuburan ataupun sebagai pelengkap pemujaan, serta didukung dengan studi komparatif dengan temuan sejenis di beberapa daerah lainnya dengan latar budaya yang sama, menghasilkan interpretasi yang berbeda tentang fungsi relung-relung tersebut yang sebelumnya dikaitkan dengan tempat penyimpanan benda berharga menjadi lebih mengarah kepada fungsi penguburan. Objek sejenis yang antara lain ditemukan di Samosir, Deli Serdang, Karo dan Tana Toraja saat ini diinterpretasikan sebagai jenis kubur pahat batu. Karakteristik relung-relung di Tungtung Batu sangat sesuai dengan karakteristik jenis kubur pahat batu baik yang terdapat di Sumatera Utara aupun di daerah lainnya di Indonesia. Secara kontekstual hal itu diperkuat dengan keberadaan objek-objek lainnya di Tungtung Batu yaitu pertulanen dan mejan yang terkait dengan penguburan serta batu tunggul nikuta candi, batu perisang manuk serta patung pangulubalang yang lebih bersifat mistis terkait dengan perlindungan kepada masyarakat.
Simbol Pertanian dalam Budaya Masyarakat Karo
Authors: Susilowati Nenggih
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Tanah Karo's natural lanscape has been known such a fertile area with a climate that is perfect for agricultural activities. The ancient Karo people used to live the old way known as the megalith culture or tradition that is always related to ancestral and animism beliefs. When Islam and Christianity started to influx and flourish, the old beiefs gradually vanished. The material culture heritage, however, shows varous influences from the past. The old well-rooted concept and element that used to live in the society has left such a strong legacy to some aspects of the culture material and tradition in the present day, especially the buiding or the symbolic ornament and the traditional building element. The agricultural life in the past can be traced back through the symbols available, which then will become proposed questions in search for answers. This paper appliesmexplorative-descriptive method with inductive reasoning. The ornaments, building materials and elements available are proofs of agricultural activities in the forms of farming. The fertile soil and conducive climate provide a perfect back up to the farming. The traditional buildings for the ancestors' skulls at Tanah Karo settlements are the perfect examples of the ancient megalith.AbstrakAlam lingkungan Tanah Karo sejak dahulu memang merupakan area yang subur dengan iklim yang menunjang kegiatan pertanian. Masyarakat Karo dahulu masih menganut kepercayaan lama yang dikenal di Nusantara sebagai budaya atau tradisi megalitik yang sering dikaitkan dengan kepercayaan yang berkaitan dengan leluhur dan animisme. Seiring dengan masuknya agama Islam dan Kristen, kepercayaan ini berangsur hilang. Namun melalui budaya material yang ditinggalkan masih menunjukkan adanya pengaruh kepercayaan lama. Konsep maupun unsur budaya yang pernah ada dan mengakar pada masyarakatnya, menyebabkan sebagian bentuk budaya material maupun tradisinya masih menampakkan hubungan dengan budaya masa lalunya. Terutama berkaitan dengan bangunan atau simbol-simbol yang tercermin dalam ornamen dan elemen bangunan adatnya. Bagaimana kondisi pertanian masa lalu dilacak melalui simbol-simbol yang ada menjadi permasalahan yang ingin diungkapkan kejelasannya. Penulisan menggunakan metode eksploratif-deskriptif menggunakan alur penalaran induktif. Melalui berbagai ornamen, bahan bangunan serta elemen bangunannya menjadi petunjuk adanya kegiatan pertanian berupa persawahan dan perladangan. Hal ini didukung oleh tanah yang subur serta iklim yang menunjang kegiatan itu. Perkampungan di Tanah Karo juga masih menggambarkan adanya tradisi megalitik di masa lalu, dengan keberadaan bangunan adat sebagai tempat menyimpan tengkorak dan tulang belulang leluhur /geriten.
CASE STUDY OF ONLINE DISCUSSION BOARD USE IN AN ENGINEERING EDUCATION GRADUATE COURSE
Authors: Davidson Alexandra , Romkey Lisa , Van Beek Allison
Published: January 2020

Due to the increasing prevalence of asynchronous learning platforms, the development and implementation of online discussion boards have become important considerations in the design of post-secondary learning environments. This research is conducted as a case study of the online discussion board use in a small engineering education graduate course, consisting of in-class and online discussion components. By varying the structure of the online discussion board to allow different types of student interaction, the study identifies trends in discussion board use, specifically pertaining to student participation, student collaboration, and the integration between in-class and online discussions. As a result, the study provides insight into the utility and limitations of online discussion boards in post-secondary courses.
INCORPORATING TIMBER EDUCATION INTO EXISTING ACCREDITED ENGINEERING PROGRAMS
Authors: Chorlton Bronwyn , Mazur Natalie , Gales John
Published: January 2020

The demand for large and tall timber buildings is increasing across Canada. The recently constructed Brock Commons building in Vancouver and the upcoming Arbour building in Toronto are two such examples. These buildings are challenging for practitioners to design, and presently only a limited number of engineering institutions across Canada offer a course in timber design. There is a growing demand for engineering graduates who can contribute to the creation of these structures; however, the number of graduates who meet this criterion is lagging. Separate courses in timber could be introduced to more universities, however the addition of a new course may overload students, whose course schedules are already tightly regulated by the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board. Moreover, the creation of a new course can take several years and will therefore not meet the current industry demand quick enough. The research herein presents a method of incorporating timber education within the existing civil engineering curriculum in Canada, without the introduction of an additional course. The purpose of the proposed method is to offer an efficient solution that will provide engineering students with knowledge of the timber industry quickly to meet industry demand. Two timber learning modules were integrated within the existing Structural Steel Design course at an accredited university. The timber learning modules paralleled the topics covered within an undergraduate timber design course.  Students were surveyed before and after the learning modules were presented to assess level of interest and motivations, knowledge of the industry, and level of understanding. After the learning modules were presented, 76% of students indicated they had some level of confidence in contributing to the design of a timber building. These results show that the timber learning modules were successful at introducing and generating an interest in timber design, and that students  gained basic knowledge they could apply in practice.
CHALLENGING STUDENTS TO REDISCOVER ENGINEERING
Authors: Chang Wayne H. , Bishop William D. , Peat Emily , Dornor Eyram
Published: January 2020

The "Conrad Games in Engineering" encourages engineering students to develop entrepreneurship and innovation mindsets. Through a series of lunchtime sessions, the games re-awaken the fun and creativity that once encouraged students to pursue engineering. Students form teams to work on a design challenge that is introduced at the start of a session. Students accumulate points for their teams and houses, i.e. engineering departments. The point system is specifically designed to encourage students to take calculated risks and to challenge themselves. Design challenges are specifically chosen to be fun, engineering activities that last no more than 20 minutes. Special challenge teams, composed of faculty, alumni, and staff are invited to compete against the students for an additional dimension of risk and reward. Students apply the experiential learning cycle by revisiting challenges with additional criteria. Through this iterative approach, the games reinforce good engineering practice as well as group collaboration, communication, creativity and leadership skills.
STRATEGIES FOR INSTRUCTOR PROTECTION FROM FALSE AND FRIVOLOUS HUMAN RIGHTS COMPLAINTS
Authors: Neumann W.P. , Salustri F.A.
Published: January 2020

False or frivolous human rights complaints against instructors, by students unsatisfied with their grades, have become a growing problem in some universities. These complaints and associated lengthy investigations are a form of mobbing that is harmful to instructors’ health and wellbeing. This in turn is harmful to instructors’ families, professional relationships, the pedagogical environment and the instructors’ careers. This paper reports on a brainstorming exercise used to identify possible ideas for preventing such false claims of human rights violations. This work operates under the assumption that the institution is unwilling or unable to improve their complaint management process. The authors identified 12 viable ideas that might help reduce the probability of a student making false accusations when unsatisfied with their grades. These ideas could be clustered as “Acquiesce”, “Shift Blame”, “Interaction Monitoring”, and “Separation”. All ideas had problem associated with them. Some ideas, like separation, were consistent with current pedagogical trends in distance and asynchronous education. In the face of a lack of institutional engagement in the current problem, the only idea identified that could secure instructor safety and wellbeing was to leave the profession. Further investigation is needed.