bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute exacerbation of subclinical idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after radical resection of rectal carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Pan Meichen , Zhang Ji , Sun Tianying , Huang Weisheng , Tan Xiaoshan , Zhu Weiwei , Dong Hongmei
Published: May 2022

Background：Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease of unknown etiology, which is histologically characterized by interstitial fibrosis. Acute exacerbations of IPF (AE-IPF) is a rapid and unexplained worsening of respiratory symptoms accompanied by hypoxemia, which is relatively infrequent. Herein, we report a rare, unexpected death of a patient who died of AE-IPF after radical resection of rectal carcinoma. Case presentation: A 57-year-old Chinese man experienced an uneven postoperative recovery process. The patient developed dyspnea, cyanosis, comatose, convulsion 24 hours after radical resection of rectal carcinoma. The mask oxygen inhalation, the oral trachea cannula and the nasal catheter oxygen inhalation were used to improve the patient’s symptoms. The patient died suddenly in general ward after stable condition for 24 hours. Histological and autopsy finding showed increased lung weight, diffuse pulmonary edema, medial thickening of pulmonary arteries, and thickened multifocal alveolar walls by excessive collagen and a few fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. The preoperative chest roentgenogram showed focal and reticular thickening markings in the bilateral middle and lower lobes. Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis identified AE-IPF as the cause of death after eliminating heart failure and known acute lung injury. We highlight that the physicians and forensic pathologists should keep in mind that AE-IPF might occur after non-pulmonary surgery, of which the localized interstitial pulmonary fibrosis might be symptomless and not detectable.
RRM2 and CDC6 are novel effectors of XBP1-mediated endocrine resistance and predictive markers of tamoxifen sensitivity
Authors: Barua David , Sultana Afrin , Islam Md Nahidul , Cox Fergus , Gupta Ananya , Gupta Sanjeev
Published: May 2022

Background: The molecular mechanisms that determine endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive breast cancer patients are poorly understood. A positive feedback loop created by the intersection between estrogen signalling and unfolded protein response (UPR) leads to increased expression of x-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and estrogen receptor α in ER-positive breast cancer. The endocrine-resistant breast cancers have elevated expression of XBP1 where it drives endocrine resistance by controlling the expression of its target genes. Despite the in-depth understanding about the biological functions of XBP1 in ER-positive breast cancer not much is known about the effectors of endocrine resistance downstream of XBP1. Methods and Results: We generated sub-clones of MCF7 cells with deletion of XBP1 using CRISPR-Cas9 for this study. Deletion of XBP1 compromised the upregulation of UPR-target genes during conditions of endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress and sensitized cells to EnR stress-induced cell death. Loss of XBP1 in MCF7 cells decreased cell growth, attenuated the induction of estrogen-responsive genes and sensitized them to anti-estrogen agents. The expression of cell cycle associated genes RRM2, CDC6, and TOP2A was significantly reduced upon XBP1 deletion/inhibition in several ER-positive breast cancer cells. Expression of RRM2, CDC6, and TOP2A was upregulated upon estrogen stimulation and elevated expression was observed in cells harbouring point-mutants (Y537S, D538G) of ESR1 in the steroid free conditions. Ectopic expression of RRM2 and CDC6 increased cell growth and reversed the hypersensitivity of XBP1 KO cells towards tamoxifen. Importantly, increased expression of XBP1-gene signature was associated with poor overall and relapse free survival, and reduced efficacy of tamoxifen treatment in ER-positive breast cancer. Conclusions: Our results suggest that expression of RRM2, CDC6 and TOP2A in ER-positive breast cancer is regulated by concerted effort of both ER and XBP1. RRM2 and CDC6 contribute to endocrine resistance downstream of XBP1 in ER-positive breast cancer. XBP1-gene signature was associated with poor outcome and response to tamoxifen in ER-positive breast cancer. Taken together these results reveal mechanistic insights about the role of XBP1 in endocrine resistant breast cancer.
Changes in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness and Microcirculation Detected by Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography in Hypertension Associated with Diabetes
Authors: Liu Jingjie , Xu Kejia , Gao Fei , Liu Juping , Li Xiaorong
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHypertension and diabetes can significantly affect the blood flow of the retina and choroid. But there has been no idea about the retinal and choroidal microcirculation of hypertensives associated with diabetes. The objective of the study is to detect the differences in the retinal and choroidal microcirculation of hypertensives, diabetics and hypertensives associated with diabetes by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and explore their clinical significance.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional and case-control study that 538 older subjects (538 eyes) were enrolled in. There were 187 cases assigned to the hypertensive group, 49 cases to the diabetic group, 129 cases to the hypertensive diabetic group, and 173 cases to the control group. OCTA were used to scan 6*6-mm macula. The related indicators included the thickness and flow density (FD) of each layer of the retina and choroid.ResultsThe retinal superficial FD (SFD) in the hypertensive, diabetic, hypertensive diabetic and control group was 46.4%, 45.3%, 46.4% and 46.4%, respectively. It was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the other three groups (all P < 0.05) and the hypertensive diabetic group had higher SFD similar to control group. The choriocapillaris FD (CFD) was 52.8%, 52.5%, 52.8% and 53.1% in four groups, which in the hypertensive diabetic group and the other two groups decreased to the same extent compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the deep FD (DFD) was marginally higher in the control group. However, there was no statistical difference among all the groups. The SFD correlated negatively with body mass index (BMI) (β=-0.102, P = 0.0225). But there was no significant difference in the thickness of each layer among the four groups.ConclusionOCTA can accurately and efficiently predict the occurrence and early development of hypertension and diabetes in the elderly. When the microcirculation of target organs is damaged, the choriocapillaris and FD may be the primary objects for early observation. In addition, the hypertensives associated with diabetes do not develop more severe lesions than patients with single disease in the population we studied.
Relationship between the position and intensity of Low-Level Jet stream and Indian summer monsoon rainfall
Authors: Purwar Smrati , Rakesh V , Bankar Ajay , Mohapatra GN
Published: May 2022

A strong equatorial Low-Level Jet (LLJ) exists over the Indian Ocean plays a crucial role in modulating the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR). The variation in strength and height of Monsoon LLJ (MLLJ) can provide an important lead in predicting the variations in ISMR. The variability of MLLJ is examined using the fifth generation ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) reanalysis ERA-5, National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (NCEP-CFSR) / Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2) and the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application, version-2 (MERRA-2) during 40 years period (1979–2018). The results suggest that there is an increasing trend in MLLJ strength during July and September, but a decreasing trend during August. The MLLJ level showed an upward trend (increase in height from the surface level) in all the reanalysis data sets. The ISM rainfall over Western Ghats region and central India showed strong positive (and negative) correlation with the MLLJ strength (and height) except during August. It is noted that the influence of the MLLJ on rainfall over the Indian subcontinent is stronger during the onset and withdrawal phases of monsoon. The increasing trend in MLLJ height indicated the possibility of increase in rainfall over many regions in India especially Western Ghat and Central India. The relationship between MLLJ strength and level with ISMR is strongest during the month of September. Our analysis also showed that lag correlation between MLLJ and ISMR is relatively weaker when compared to zero lag correlations.
Inter-seasonal connection of typical European heatwave patterns to soil moisture
Authors: Felsche Elizaveta , Böhnisch Andrea , Ludwig Ralf
Published: May 2022

This study aims to increase the general understanding and predictability of heatwaves by identifying and analyzing stable classes, i.e., recur- ring patterns, of heatwaves present in Europe. In this study, we use data from a regional climate model large ensemble (Canadian Regional Climate Model version 5, CRCM5-LE) consisting of 50 possible real- izations of climate in the years 1981-2010 for a Central European domain with a spatial resolution of 0.11◦. We find nine stable heat- wave patterns in Europe, which correspond well with clusters derived from an observational dataset (E-OBS) and extreme historical heat- wave events. We show that historical extreme events can be explained by a dominant manifestation of the same recurring pattern. More- over, we analyze the occurrence of heatwaves in the identified clusters regarding a soil moisture deficit present before and after the event. We show that soil moisture anomalies in preceding winter/spring (JFMA) can serve as a predictor for heatwaves in South Europe. For North Europe we find a negative correlation between the number of heatwave days in summer and autumn (OND) soil moisture anomaly.
Mineralocorticoids induce polyuria by reducing apical aquaporin-2 expression of the kidney in partial vasopressin deficiency
Authors: Kurimoto Junki , Takagi Hiroshi , Miyata Takashi , Kawaguchi Yohei , Hodai Yuichi , Tsumura Tetsuro , Hagiwara Daisuke , Kobayashi Tomoko , Yasuda Yoshinori , Sugiyama Mariko , Onoue Takeshi , Iwama Shintaro , Suga Hidetaka , Banno Ryoichi , Katsuki Takeshi , Ando Fumiaki , Uchida Shinichi , Arima Hiroshi
Published: May 2022

The symptoms of diabetes insipidus can be masked by the concurrence of adrenal insufficiency and emerge after the administration of hydrocortisone, occasionally at high doses. To elucidate the mechanism underlying polyuria induced by the administration of high-dose corticosteroids in deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP), we first examined the secretion of AVP in three patients in whom polyuria was observed only after the administration of high-dose corticosteroids. Next, we examined the effects of dexamethasone or aldosterone on water balance in wild-type and familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus (FNDI) model mice. The hypertonic saline test showed that AVP secretion was partially impaired in all patients. In one patient, there were no apparent changes in AVP secretion before and after the administration of high-dose corticosteroids. In FNDI mice, unlike dexamethasone, the administration of aldosterone increased urine volumes and decreased urine osmolality. The immunohistochemical analyses showed that, after the administration of aldosterone in FNDI mice, aquaporin-2expression was decreased in the apical membrane and increased in the basolateral membrane in the collecting duct. These changes were not observed in wild-type mice. The present data suggest that treatment with mineralocorticoids induces polyuria by reducing aquaporin-2 expression in the apical membrane of the kidney in partial AVP deficiency.
Vitamin insufficiency after surgery for oesophagogastric neoplasms: a prospective intervention study VITAMin Insufficiency in oesophagogastric Neoplasms or the VITAMIN study
Authors: Velden Ariadne L. , Vermeer Thomas A. , Boerma Evert-Jan G. , Belgers Eric H.J. , Stoot Jan H.M.B. , Leers Mathie P.G. , Sosef Meindert N. , Vijgen Guy H.E.J.
Published: May 2022

Background: Oesophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) are among the top ten cancers worldwide. Both diseases have impact on the nutritional status of patients and their quality of life (QoL). Preoperative malnutrition is reported in 42-80%. However, studies investigating postoperative nutritional status are limited and postoperative identification and treatment of micro- and macro-nutritional deficiencies are currently lacking in (inter-)national guidelines. The aim of this study is to identify and target micronutrient deficiencies after surgery for oesophageal or gastric neoplasms.Methods: This is a single-centre prospective intervention trial performed in Zuyderland Medical Centre. A total of 248 patients who underwent oesophagectomy (n=124) or (sub)total gastrectomy (n=124) from 2011 until 2022 will be included (Cohens’d 0.4, power 80%, two-sided α 0.05, 20% dropout). Both groups will receive Calcium Soft Chew D3 and a tailormade multivitamin supplement (MVS); the oesophagectomy group will receive Multi-E and the gastrectomy group will receive Multi-G. The MVSs will be taken once daily and Calcium Soft Chew D3 twice daily. Supplementation will start after baseline measurements. At baseline (T=0), blood withdrawal for micronutrient analysis and faecal elastase-1 analysis for exocrine pancreas insufficiency (EPI) will be performed. Additionally, patients will receive questionnaires regarding QoL and dietary behaviour. After 180 days of supplementation (T=1), baseline measurements will be repeated, and the supplement tolerance questionnaire will be completed. Measurements will also be conducted after 360 days (T=2) and after 720 days (T=3) of supplementation. The main study parameter is micronutrient deficiency (yes/no) for all measurements. Secondary parameters include occurrence of EPI (n, %), occurrence of diarrhoea (n, %), steatorrhea (n, %) or bloating (n, %), time between surgery and start of supplementation (mean in months), QoL (questionnaires) at all time points. We hypothesize that vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin D and ferritin are the most common deficiencies, and supplementation may resolve measured deficiencies. Discussion: If micronutrient deficiencies are present in this population and daily supplementation resolves these deficiencies, routine monitoring and supplementation of micronutrient deficiencies can be implemented in the standard postoperative care of oesophageal and gastric surgery.Trial registration: registered as NL9787 in the Netherlands Trial Registration, registered on October 18th, 2021 on https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9787
Stepping on invisible land: on the importance to communicate the value of soils
Authors: Latawiec Agnieszka Ewa , Markowicz Magdalena E. , Medeiros Bruna , Mendes Maiara S. , Rodrigues Aline F. , Gomes Fernanda , Valle Breno D. , Lisowska Katarzyna , Drosik Adam , Capeche Claudio , Maioli Veronica , Fedorowicz Karolina , Azevedo Luciana
Published: May 2022

Soils play fundamental roles in the functioning of the Earth's ecosystems. Despite numerous initiatives to protect soils, it continues to be generally perceived as dirt or, at best, the surface we walk on. To better understand soil perception by the public, we conducted a survey with 99 participants from Poland and Brazil. We applied an opportunity sampling and conducted semi-structured interviews with 40 respondents from Poland and 30 from Brazil, and 29 unstructured interviews in Brazil. Most of the respondents (53%) of the semi-structured interviews associated soil with the surface where plants grow while 27% said that it is the ground we step on. When asked about pro-environmental campaigns, none of the respondents pointed to soil-related initiative. Most of the respondents (99%) claimed that there is a need to increase the knowledge about the importance of soils, mostly through education (30%). The majority of the respondents of the unstructured interviews in Brazil indicated provision services provided by soils and pointed to the need for youth engagement on soil communication, corroborating the results from the semi-structured interviews. To address this, present the results on artistic workshops as an experimental model for teaching and dissemination. We present two short documentary movies presenting the results from unstructured interviews and the artistic workshops which can be used as data gathering tool, teaching tool and for dissemination purposes. This paper not only presents primary data on the crucial problem of soil recognition but also presents a range of transdisciplinary approaches to help problem solving.
Comparison of dynamic and static spacers for the treatment of infections following total knee replacement：a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tao Jiasheng , Yan Zijian , Pu Bin , Chen Ming , Hu Xiaorong , Dong Hang
Published: May 2022

Background
Revision surgery is the most common treatment for patients who develop infection after total knee arthroplasty. Two types of spacers are often used in revision surgery: dynamic spacers and static spacers. The comparative efficacy of these two types of spacers on knee prosthesis infections is not well established. Therefore, we carried out a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis with the aim of comparing the difference in efficacy between dynamic and static spacers.
Methods
We conducted the literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. The articles searched were clinical study comparing the difference in efficacy between dynamic spacers and static spacers for the treatment of prosthetic infections occurring after total knee arthroplasty.
Results
We conducted a literature search and screening based on the principles of PICOS. Ultimately, 14 relevant clinical studies were included in our current study. We use infection control rate as the primary evaluation indicator. The KSS knee scores (KSSs), KSS functional scores, bone loss and ROM are secondary indicators of evaluation. Thirteen of these included studies reported the infection control rates, with no significant difference between dynamic and static shims (RR: 1.03; 95% Cl: 0.98,1.09; P = 0.179 > 0.05). The KSSs were reported in 10 articles (RR: 5.98; 95% CI:0.52, 11.43; P = 0.032 < 0.05). 6 articles reported the KSS functional scores (RR: 13.90; 95% CI:4.95, 22.85; P = 0.02 < 0.05). 12 articles reported the ROM (RR: 17.23. 95% CI:10.18, 24.27; P < 0.0001).Six articles reported the bone loss (RR: 2.04; 95% CI:1.11, 3.77; P = 0.022 < 0.05).
Conclusion
Current evidence demonstrates that dynamic spacers are comparable to static spacers in controlling prosthetic joint infection. In terms of improving the functional prognosis of the knee joint, dynamic spacers are more effective than static spacers.
NETO2 promotes progression of prostate cancer by inhibiting the cellular senescence pathway
Authors: Liu Yangzhou , Xiang Qian , Ma Yuxiang , Wang Zuomin , Pan Jinyou , Wang Jiamin , Zhou Mingda , Lin Jingwei , Cai Yingxin , Zhao Zhigang
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) has become the most frequently occurring cancer among western men, due to the rapid progression of tumor, late events will inevitably occur, which leads to poor prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the molecular mechanism of tumor progression.Methods: Herein, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis using public database to search for key genes that affect PCa progression. The correlation between gene expression and clinical pathological parameters and patient prognosis were examined, and it was verified in clinical samples. Next, we established cell lines by RNA interference, and studied its biological function by MTS, EdU, colony formation, wound-healing and transwell assay. The impact of gene on tumor growth was examined in nude mice xenograft model. Finally, high-throughput sequencing and signal pathway analysis were used to explore the molecular mechanism of gene action.Results: By combining clinical samples with public databases, we found that NETO2 expression was markedly elevated in tumors especially in metastatic tumors compared with normal tissues, and the expression level of NETO2 was closely associated with the clinical pathological parameters and prognosis of the patients. Functionally, NETO2 drove PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and promoted growth of PCa cells in vivo. Moreover, through transcriptome high-throughput sequencing and experimental verification, our data demonstrate that NETO2 inhibits PCa cellular senescence via modulating p53-p21 pathway.Conclusions: Our results indicate that NETO2 plays an oncogenic role in PCa, which provides a new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment of refractory PCa.
Reconstruction of sedimentation rates based on the chronological framework of Lake Pykara, Tamil Nadu, India.
Authors: Singh Krishna Kumar , Sivaprakasam
Published: May 2022

This work presents a piece of initial information about the estimation of the sedimentation rate for Lake Pykara. In this investigation, a chronological sequence of sediment core was set up dependent on 137Cs, and 210Pbex analysis to study sediment accumulation rates in Lake Pykara. Caesium-137 (Cs) is an artificial radionuclide and is regularly utilized in building up the chronology of lake sediments in the Anthropocene period. The unsupported 210Pb profile shows a non-exponential decline of 210Pb activity with sediment depth. Sedimentation rates dependent on global atmospheric nuclear weapons maximum fallout of 137Cs (1963) bolster the utilization of the consistent rate of 210Pb supply (CRS) model in core sediments. The geochronology studies of the core were performed using the 137Cs method, to evaluate the model of time changes in the sediment. The 137Cs radioactivity was resolved directly by gamma spectrometry and fluctuated from 13.11 ± 1.3 Bq kg-1 for top layers to 1.21 ± 0.1 Bq kg-1 for the bottom of the core. Two trademark peaks of 137Cs radioactivity identified with the global fallouts after atomic weapons testing and the Chernobyl mishap were observed and used to affirm the 210Pb dating method. Radioactivity of 210Pbex ranged from 8.00 ± 1.0 to 1.40 ± 0.1 Bq kg− 1. The mean sedimentation rate evaluated from both models was 0.71 ± 0.06 cm yr-1, while the estimated age of Lake Pykara was 514.08 years (137Cs), and 521.43 years (210Pbex) respectively.
Removal of Pollutants from Landfill Leachate by Adsorption with Nano Zero Valent Iron Particles (nZVI): Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetic Studies
Authors: Göçer Serdar , Zaimoğlu Zeynep , CIRK Kevser
Published: May 2022

Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an effective adsorbent for removing various organic and inorganic contaminants. In this study, nZVI particles, synthesized in our previous work, were used for landfill leachate pre-treatment. The adsorption performance was tested at various adsorbent concentrations (50-500mg Fe0/L), pH (3–8), and contact times (15-330min). Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), Nitrate (NO3−) and Ammonium (NH4+) removal efficiency was approximately 75%, 60%, 57%, and 33%, respectively. The obtained data were fitted well by the Langmuir isotherm and adsorption kinetics of pseudo-second-order equations (R2 > 0.9). The adsorption capacities were found to be 29.62mg/g, 21.01mg/g, and 3.12mg/g, for DOC, NH4+, and NO3− respectively at Fe0 concentration of 50mg Fe0/L, pH of 8, and contact time of 120min which was determined as the effective operational conditions in this work. The obtained removal levels were higher compared to the conventional activated carbon adsorption (72.3%). Results suggest that nZVI has the potential to create effective adsorption relevant to landfill leachate pre-treatment thereby providing more efficient biological treatment by decreasing important pollutants before biological treatment.
Multi-timescale performances of groundwater drought in connection with climate
Authors: Zhu Ruirui , Zheng Hongxing , Jakeman Anthony J. , Chiew Francis H.S.
Published: May 2022

The Millennium drought occurred around 1997–2009 throughout southeastern Australia has led to recorded low groundwater levels causing considerable economical losses. Improving the drought resilience of at-risk groundwater systems has been recognized as a priority for sustainable water resources management in the region. This study introduces the standardized groundwater discharge index (SGDI) to assess groundwater drought performance at multiple timescales for catchments in the southeastern Murray-Darling Basin. The response time of groundwater drought to precipitation drought is found above 12 months according to the relationships between SGDI and the standardized precipitation index (SPI). The performance of groundwater drought, indicated by resilience and resistance, overall shows that catchments with higher drought resilience are often accompanied by lower drought resistance and vulnerability. Groundwater drought is found less resilient but more resistant than precipitation drought due to the buffer capacity of the groundwater system. The determinants of groundwater drought performance at different timescales are identified by a machine learning approach. The relationships between groundwater drought performance metrics and their determinants are found highly nonlinear and distinctly different among the timescales. Climate factors (mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration) and catchment physical properties (relief, slope, water holding capacity, vegetation) can explain up to 60% of the spatial variance in drought resilience and resistance across the region at the 12-month scale. Our findings provide crucial insight into the groundwater drought management and open potential pathways for improving groundwater drought resilience and resistance to mitigate the drought impacts potentially driven by the changing climate.
Out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the Kitaev model on the Bethe lattice via coupled Heisenberg equations
Authors: Gamayun Oleksandr , Lychkovskiy Oleg
Published: May 2022

The Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice, while being integrable via the spin-fermion mapping, has generally resisted an analytical treatment of the far-from-equilibrium dynamics due to the extensive number of relevant configurations of conserved charges. Here we study a close proxy of this model, the isotropic Kitaev spin-1/2 model on the Bethe lattice. Instead of relying on the spin-fermion mapping, we take a straightforward approach of solving Heisenberg equations for a tailored subset of spin operators. The simplest operator in this subset corresponds to the energy contribution of a single bond direction. As an example, we calculate the time-dependent expectation value of this observable for a factorized translation-invariant (or staggered-translation-invariant) initial state with arbitrary initial (staggered) polarization.
Insecticide Efficacy Against Trimen’s False Tiger Moth, Agoma trimenii (Lepidoptera: Agaristidae)
Authors: Morris C. , Malan A.P. , De Waal J.Y. , Johnson S.A.
Published: May 2022

Trimen’s false tiger moth, Agoma trimenii (Lepidoptera: Agaristidae), has developed pest status in vineyardsin the Northern Cape and Groblersdal areas of South Africa, and an integrated pest management system isrequired. The objective of this study was to test the susceptibility of A. trimenii larvae to three commercialproducts (Delegate®WG, Steward®150 EC and three doses of DiPel® DF). Bioassay tests using all threeproducts, and semi-field trials to test the potential of DiPel® DF against A. trimenii larvae, applied at differentwater volumes (50 g/1 000 L/ha and 50 g/1 430 L/ha) were performed. The residual activity of DiPel® DF,when applied at different water volumes, was investigated daily. Delegate® WG, Steward®150 EC and therecommended dose of DiPel® DF showed 100% larval mortality within seven days. Delegate® WG and therecommended dose of DiPel® DF proved to be the fastest acting products. The product label recommendeddose of DiPel® DF (0.25 g/500 mL distilled water) proved the most effective dose (in comparison to halvedand doubled dosages) and showed 100% mortality five days after application. Increasing the water volumeper ha of a spray application of DiPel® DF for the same application area, showed no significant increasein larval mortality. A reduction in insecticidal activity for DiPel® DF applied at both water volumes wasseen between leaves picked four days after spraying and leaves picked five days after spraying, and nomortality was observed after day 6. To help improve efficacy, attention should be given to increasing spraycoverage and residual activity of DiPel® DF, as well as using all tested products within an integrated pestmanagement system.
Technological Advances in Winery Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Vlotman D.E. , Key D. , Bladergroen B.J.
Published: May 2022

The commercial production of wine is directly linked to the use of large amounts of fresh water coupledwith the generation of copious amounts of wastewater containing significant amounts of organic andinorganic substances. The impact of this waste stream on the environment has required the wine industryto implement certain protocols in wastewater management to comply with respective effluent dischargeregulations as set out by local authorities. Reduced accessibility to good quality water resources in recentyears has forced wineries to consider more efficient wastewater management strategies to improve waterrecovery and re-use, thereby promoting more sustainable wine production and minimizing the impact onstressed water resources. This review presents a comprehensive overview of established and emerging,physicochemical, biological, advanced oxidation and hybrid wastewater treatment technologies specificallyapplicable to the wine producing industry. Herein, winery wastewater composition and treatmenttechniques, environmental implications, knowledge gaps, technological operational challenges, alternativedisposal and recycling options of treated winery wastewater are critically evaluated.
Fenología prenupcial del Ruiseñor común (Luscinia megarhynchos Brehm, 1831) en la Cornisa Cantábrica (N de España)
Authors: Carrera-Buergo Luis
Published: May 2022

Se estudió la fenología prenupcial del Ruiseñor común (Luscinia megarhynchos) en la Cornisa Cantábrica durante el periodo 2001-2021 utilizando principalmente datos del portal eBird. Las primeras llegadas oscilaron entre el 15 de marzo y el 2 de abril (promedio 27 de marzo) y resultaron más tempranas de lo hasta ahora conocido. El espectro fenológico se prolongó entre marzo y junio, alcanzando máximos en la primera mitad de abril (pentadas 20 y 21). La variación interanual del flujo migratorio fue leve. Gipuzkoa (País Vasco) concentró la mayoría de los registros, atribuible a una convergencia de migrantes en el extremo oriental cantábrico. La oleada migratoria cantábrica parece ser más temprana que la registrada en algunas partes del litoral mediterráneo.
A kinetic, isotherm adsorption, and thermodynamic study of Congo red coagulation using Leucaena crude extract as natural coagulant
Authors: Kristianto Hans , Manurung Natasa , Wardhani Irene Kusuma , Prasetyo Susiana , Sugih Asaf K. , Arbita Ariestya A.
Published: May 2022

The utilization of various natural resources as coagulant to treat various types of water and wastewater has seen considerable growth in recent years. The coagulation mechanism of natural coagulant is commonly charge neutralization followed by adsorption during the floc growth. However, due to lack of information, further investigation into the nature of the coagulation mechanism is needed. In this study, the coagulation of Congo red synthetic wastewater using crude leucaena extract was investigated at various initial Congo red concentrations (50–100 mg/L) and coagulation temperatures ranging from 30 to 50 °C. Furthermore, the nature of coagulation was investigated using various adsorption isotherms (the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller models) and kinetic models (pseudo-first, pseudo-second, Elovich, and intraparticle models). It was found that the Congo red concentrations, coagulation temperatures, and their interaction are significant to the dye removal. The sedimentation was well described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model, and the coagulation process followed the Langmuir isotherm. This indicates that the coagulation process involved chemisorption with monolayer formation on the coagulant. Moreover, the thermodynamic study shows that the coagulation was both endothermic and spontaneous.
DINÂMICA SOCIAL EM JOGO
Authors: Silva Peterson , Cristina Bertazzo Silveira Viana Thereza
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos uma ferramenta projetada para auxiliar educadores com o ensino de sociologia, em especial da ideia de imaginação sociológica: o jogo de cartas Agência. As regras do jogo são apresentadas com vistas a situar leitores quanto ao seu funcionamento. Discutimos de que maneira estas regras representam diferentes perspectivas teóricas da sociologia acerca do debate entre agência e estrutura, entre outros elementos, como crises e revoltas, com vistas a demonstrar de que forma o jogo pode ou não representar a realidade social (como esta é vista a partir de vários enquadramentos teóricos relevantes). Por fim, apresentamos um relato da utilização do jogo em três turmas do nono ano do ensino fundamental do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (CA-UFSC), na cidade de Florianópolis (SC), em 2018. Observamos que, apesar das dificuldades relacionadas ao tempo alocado para o jogo, este trouxe bons resultados, considerando o quanto foi possível envolver alunos e alunas nas discussões conceituais e trabalhá-las de maneira qualificada.
GRAFO DO DESEJO COMO TEORIA DA LINGUAGEM
Authors: Domingos Leonardo
Published: May 2022

Buscamos responder, neste trabalho, ao que ocorre quando o animal humano entra em contato com a linguagem. Para tanto, buscamos em autores da filosofia e psicanálise essa resposta, sobretudo Slavoj Zizek e Jacques Lacan. A resposta encontrada está na teoria da linguagem de Jaques Lacan: por ser falado e para responder ao apelo do Outro, a parte animal do humano é elidida, restando acesso a ela pelo imaginário, como identificação. Assim, o ato de se comunicar leva à constituição da identidade através da pergunta:’ quem e o que sou para o Outro e para mim?’. A identidade e a fantasia são os aspectos da resposta a essas perguntas, articulando identidade e coisidade. No seio dessa articulação e sujeição, através de um questionamento, se forma a subjetividade como um efeito. Exibimos, por fim, o grafo do desejo como uma explicação detalhada desses processos.
DESAFIOS DA COMUNIDADE LGBTQI+ NO CONTEXTO DE ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL EM TEMPO DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Araújo Walisson Angélico de , Alves Paulo Falcão
Published: May 2022

As fragilidades associadas à comunidade LGBTQI+ é algo que todos conhecemos. Desde ações xenófobas e racistas, esta comunidade sofre ainda hoje de um enorme preconceito social, fruto de séculos assentes numa estrutura social normativa. Neste sentido, pretendemos com este ensaio perceber os efeitos que a pandemia Covid-19 provocou na comunidade LGBTQI+ durante o período de confinamento, nos domínios social, económico e emocional. Como metodologia aplicamos um inquérito por questionário a 206 residentes no Brasil e em Portugal. Os resultados do nosso estudo parecem revelar que esta comunidade não sofreu danos profundos durante este período pandémico.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA SOCIOLOGIA DO DIREITO PARA COMPREENDER A TEMÁTICA DE GÊNERO
Authors: Barbosa Anna Christina Freire , Fortes Lore
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo analisa a discussão sobre a desigualdade de gênero que tem sido produzida pelo movimento feminista ao apresentar, como argumento de legitimação, a necessidade de reconhecimento, tomando por base o fundamento dos direitos humanos e da produção de segurança jurídica. Tece considerações acerca do papel epistemológico da sociologia do direito e da desterritorialização de suas chaves teórico-metodológicas, para viabilizar a compreensão da gramática social em torno da percepção da atuação do sistema de justiça, diante do cenário de problemas postos pelo feminismo relativos à produção da democracia, ao seu alcance e à orientação do direito enquanto campo de poder, expondo criticamente o caso da Lei Maria da Penha (Lei 11.340/2006) no Brasil.
Symmetry-Based Inhibitors of HIV Protease with Rigid P2 Amino Acid Mimics
Authors: Kempf Dale J. , Stewart Kent  D. , Green Brian  G. , Flentge Charles   A. , Wideburg Norman  E. , Saldivar Ayda , Vasavanonda Sudthida , Norbeck Daniel  W.
Published: May 2022

Conformationally restrained amino acid replacements for the P2/P2' positions of symmetry-based inhibitors of HIV protease were designed beginning with the X-ray crystal structure of an enzyme-inhibitor complex. Synthesis and incorporation of (S,S)-2-aminocyclohexyloxycarbonyl ((S,S)-ACHOC) and (S,S)-2-aminocyclo­ pentyloxycarbonyl ((S,S)-ACPOC) groups at the P2 position provided inhibitors with equal potency to the parent P2-valinyl inhibitors.
WITHDRAWN: The Correlation between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels
and Testosterone Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Male Patients
Authors: Aboelnaga Mohamed M. , Nahed Abdullah , Gouda Sherihan I. , Elbaz Amro
Published: May 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

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authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Taming Europe’s digital landscape? Brief notes on the proposal for a Digital Services Act
Authors: Pereira Miguel
Published: May 2022

In light of the intensive technological developments in the last two decades that we have borne witness to, the European Union is looking to modernise its framework governing the provision of digital services within the Single Market. The main regulatory instrument, in this regard, is the E-Commerce Directive enacted 20 years ago, which focuses on ensuring freedom of movement of goods and services. The evolution of the information society, towards “attention economy” services, has, however, brought to light the deficiencies of a markedly liberal approach to the Single Digital Market’s (“SDM”) Regulation. The main instrument to modernise the SDM’s Regulation is the Digital Services Act (“DSA”) which introduces new responsibilities on service providers in an attempt to better safeguard the EU citizen’s safety and fundamental rights online. In this paper, we review the Commission’s proposal for the DSA, highlighting the main novelties the instrument introduces and the main issues we have identified so far
Satisfaction With Health Care Services at the Pediatric Specialist Clinic of the National Referral Center in Malaysia: Cross-sectional Study of Caregivers’ Perspectives
Authors: M Selvarajah Thinakaran , Yamamoto Eiko , Saw Yu Mon , Kariya Tetsuyoshi , Hamajima Nobuyuki
Published: May 2022

Background

The concept of customer satisfaction is gaining hold in all corporate sectors worldwide, and a satisfaction survey is used as a tool to discover service problems and as a chance for customers to rate their experience with health care services. A high degree of patient satisfaction with the services given has been found in numerous studies conducted in Malaysian public health care facilities. However, there is limited information available on caregiver satisfaction with pediatric clinics run by the Ministry of Health (MoH) of Malaysia.

Objective

This was the first research performed at a public hospital’s pediatric clinic, which was the first hospital to adopt the public-private-partnership model under the MoH, with the aim of discovering the prevalence and factors affecting the satisfaction of caregivers at the national referral center.

Methods

Cross-sectional research using the standard self-administered SERVQUAL questionnaire was conducted among caregivers accompanying their children to the clinic. The questionnaire consists of 16 paired statements to evaluate their expectations and experiences with the clinic services.

Results

A total of 459 caregivers were involved in this study with a majority aged between 30 and 39 years (n=254, 55.4%). Caregivers from the Indian community (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.91, 95% CI 1.37-6.18) and lower income groups (AOR 2.94, 95% CI 1.87-4.64), and those with lower educational backgrounds (AOR 3.58, 95% CI 1.19-10.72) were more likely to be satisfied with the quality of pediatric clinic services. Housewives/househusbands (AOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25-0.90), on the other hand, appeared less likely to be satisfied with the services provided during their visit to the clinic. Looking at overall patient satisfaction, 50.5% (n=232) of caregivers demonstrated satisfaction with the quality of services, compared to 49.5% (n=227) of dissatisfied respondents.

Conclusions

This paper suggests that, although most caregivers are satisfied with the services, greater emphasis must be placed on delivering reliable service in response to the MoH’s mission to provide quality and integrated people-centered health services in Malaysia.
Experience of Pediatricians and Pediatric Surgeons With Virtual Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Descriptive Study
Authors: McCrady Emma , Strychowsky Julie E , Woolfson Jessica P
Published: May 2022

Background

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, in-clinic visits were the standard of care for pediatric physicians and surgeons at our center. At the pandemic onset, web-based care was adopted at an unprecedented scale and pace.

Objective

This descriptive study explores the web-based care experience of pediatric physicians and surgeons during the pandemic by determining factors that supported and challenged web-based care adoption.

Methods

This study took place at the Children’s Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre, a children’s hospital in London, Ontario, Canada, which provides pediatric care for patients from the London metropolitan area and the rest of Southwestern Ontario. The Donabedian model was used to structure a web-based survey evaluating web-based care experience, which was distributed to 121 department-affiliated pediatric physicians (including generalists and subspecialists in surgery and medicine). Recruitment occurred via department listserv email. Qualitative data were collected through discrete and free-text survey responses.

Results

Survey response rate was 52.1% (63/121). Before the pandemic, few physicians within the Department of Paediatrics used web-based care, and physicians saw <10% of patients digitally. During March-May 2020, the majority transitioned to web-based care, seeing >50% of patients digitally. Web-based care use in our sample fell from June to September 2020, with the majority seeing <50% of patients digitally. Telephone and Ontario Telemedicine Network were the platforms most used from March to September 2020. Web-based care was rated to be convenient for most providers and their patients, despite the presence of technical difficulties. Challenges included lack of physical exam, lower patient volumes, and poor patient digital care etiquette. Regardless of demographics, 96.4% (116/121) would continue web-based care, ideally for patients who live far away and for follow-ups or established diagnoses.

Conclusions

Transition to web-based care during COVID-19 was associated with challenges but also positive experiences. Willingness among pediatricians and pediatric surgeons to continue web-based care was high. Web-based care experiences at our center could be improved with patient education and targeting select populations. Future research is needed to improve practice efficiency and to inform regulatory guidelines for web-based care.
Deep Neural Networks for Simultaneously Capturing Public Topics and Sentiments During a Pandemic: Application on a COVID-19 Tweet Data Set (Preprint)
Authors: Boukobza Adrien , Burgun Anita , Roudier Bertrand , Tsopra Rosy
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Public engagement is a key element for mitigating pandemics, and a good understanding of public opinion could help to encourage the successful adoption of public health measures by the population. In past years, deep learning has been increasingly applied to the analysis of text from social networks. However, most of the developed approaches can only capture topics or sentiments alone but not both together.

OBJECTIVE

Here, we aimed to develop a new approach, based on deep neural networks, for simultaneously capturing public topics and sentiments and applied it to tweets sent just after the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO).

METHODS

A total of 1,386,496 tweets were collected, preprocessed, and split with a ratio of 80:20 into training and validation sets, respectively. We combined lexicons and convolutional neural networks to improve sentiment prediction. The trained model achieved an overall accuracy of 81% and a precision of 82% and was able to capture simultaneously the weighted words associated with a predicted sentiment intensity score. These outputs were then visualized via an interactive and customizable web interface based on a word cloud representation. Using word cloud analysis, we captured the main topics for extreme positive and negative sentiment intensity scores.

RESULTS

In reaction to the announcement of the pandemic by the WHO, 6 negative and 5 positive topics were discussed on Twitter. Twitter users seemed to be worried about the international situation, economic consequences, and medical situation. Conversely, they seemed to be satisfied with the commitment of medical and social workers and with the collaboration between people.

CONCLUSIONS

We propose a new method based on deep neural networks for simultaneously extracting public topics and sentiments from tweets. This method could be helpful for monitoring public opinion during crises such as pandemics.