PENGARUH KONDISI HOMOGENISASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN MUTU SANTAN SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: KAILAKU SARI INTAN , HIDAYAT TATANG , A. SETIABUDY DONDY 
Published: June 2020

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Produk santan awet semakin banyak digunakan masyarakat untuk<br />alasan kepraktisan. Salah satu cara untuk menstabilkan emulsi santan yaitu<br />dengan penambahan emulsifier/stabiliser dan proses homogenisasi.<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi proses homogenisasi<br />yang dapat menghasilkan emulsi santan yang stabil dengan masa simpan<br />yang optimal. Perlakuan yang diterapkan yaitu tiga kecepatan putaran<br />(6.000, 11.000, dan 16.000 rpm) dan empat durasi homogenisasi (10, 20,<br />30, dan 40 menit). Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap<br />(RAL) faktorial dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu<br />karakteristik fisik emulsi santan yang meliputi stabilitas emulsi, viskositas,<br />dan mikroskopik santan. Kemudian diamati pula mutu santan selama<br />penyimpanan dengan menguji parameter pH, warna, kadar asam lemak<br />bebas, dan total mikroba. Emulsifier yang digunakan adalah Tween 20<br />(konsentrasi 0; 0,5; dan 1%) dan karboksi-metilselulosa-CMC (konsentrasi<br />0 dan 0,6%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan CMC 0,6%<br />dapat menghasilkan stabilitas emulsi yang baik (100%) sampai dengan<br />akhir pengamatan (14 hari). Kondisi proses homogenisasi yang optimal<br />diperoleh pada kecepatan putaran 6.000 rpm selama 30 menit. Mutu santan<br />yang dihasilkan dari kondisi proses homogenisasi yang optimal cukup baik<br />dan layak dikonsumsi sampai dengan penyimpanan minggu ke-6.<br />Kata kunci: Santan, homogenisasi, emulsifier/stabiliser, karboksi-metil-<br />selulosa (CMC), mutu</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Preserved coconut milk is increasingly used publicly because of its<br />practical reasons. One of the ways to stabilize the coconut milk emulsion<br />is by addition of emulsifier/stabilizer and homogenizing process. This<br />study aimed at obtaining conditions of the homogenization process to<br />produce stable emulsions of coconut milk with optimum storage period.<br />The treatments applied were three rotation speeds (6,000, 11,000, and<br />16,000 rpm) and four homogenization durations (10, 20, 30, and 40<br />minutes). The experiment was arranged using factorial completely<br />randomized design (CRD) factorial with three replicates .  Parameters<br />observed were physical characteristics including coconut milk emulsion<br />stability, viscosity, and microscopic test of milk. Furthermore, it was then<br />observed quality of the coconut milk during storage by testing the<br />parameters of pH, color, free fatty acid (FFA) levels, and total microbes by<br />total plate count (TPC). Emulsifiers used in the experiment were Tween 20<br />(concentrations of 0, 0.5, and 1%) and carboxy-methylcellulose - CMC<br />(concentrations of 0 and 0.6%). The results showed that the use of 0.6%<br />CMC was able to produce a good emulsion stability (100%) until the end<br />of the observation (14 days). Optimal condition of homogenization<br />process was obtained at the rotation speed of 6,000 rpm for 30 minutes.<br />The quality of coconut milk resulted from optimal condition of<br />homogenization process was quite good and valid for consumption up to 6<br />weeks of storage.<br />Key words : Coconut  milk,  homogenization,  emulsifier/stabilizer,<br />carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC), quality.</p>