bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oncogenic KRAS promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through post-transcriptionally regulated KRAS-induced granules (KGs)
Authors: Bortoletto Angelina , Yang Ziyue , Cardenas Mara , Wang Man-Tzu , McCormick Frank , Parchem Ronald
Published: June 2023

Over 90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors harbor mutations in KRAS, which promote many hallmark characteristics of cancer. How a single driver mutation causes the malignant properties observed in PDAC is poorly understood. We discovered that oncogenic KRAS causes an accumulation of mRNA, which drives the localization of components of the mRNA degradation machinery into novel post-transcriptional condensates termed KRAS-induced granules (KGs). Mechanistically, we find that KG formation depends on the phosphorylation of Argonaute2 at tyrosine393 and requires EGFR, but not MEK and PI3K signaling. Targeted transcriptomic analysis suggests that KGs are enriched for transcripts targeted by misregulated miRNAs, leading to decreased mRNA turnover and increased translation of pro-tumor transcripts. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we find that genetic ablation of KGs leads to delayed tumorigenesis, reduced angiogenesis, and decreased innervation. Our findings reveal an essential and therapeutically targetable role for altered post-transcriptional regulation in PDAC tumorigenesis.
Benzimidazolium Gallate: Organic Crystal for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Catherine P. , Gunasekaran B. , Kumar P. Praveen
Published: June 2023

Solvent evaporation was used to create a novel organic optical crystal of Benzimidazolium gallate (BGA). The size of unit cells was determined using XRD analysis.
FT-IR spectrum analysis revealed chemical bonds' vibrational behavior and their functional groups’ existence. Optical transparency and optical bandgap (3.66 eV) were observed by the UV-Visible-near Infrared spectral analysis. TG/DSC curves show that decomposition is exhibited at 215 0C. Dielectric experiments on the BGA crystal were performed at ambient temperature. HR-SEM analysis shows the crystal's nature and surface shape. The Z-scan process explored the BGA crystal's nonlinearity, and the crystal is suitable for photonic, optoelectronic, and optical-limiting applications.
Role of MANET and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm to Make Smart Campus Model, With Smart Sensors
Authors: Verma Neeraj , Varshney Manish
Published: June 2023

In the decade of Internet of Thing, Machine Learning and Big data we are ready to accumulate lot of sensors and intelligent devices for making our real world environment more accessible, open, transparent and its records are manageable for future purpose i.e. either just for fetching or analyze for future perspective. In contrast, an institutional campus is also ready for fully automation where all the major participants like students, academician, management and others, should be observed as an entity with their different attributes. Meanwhile those campuses are not functioning in isolation, it depends and Interco-related to some other organizations and modules also, so that they have to synchronized and update their data accordingly. Here the whole scenario views from computer network perspective, where all the participating members observed like node and in whole it creates wireless mobile ad-hoc network i.e. MANET. First will understand the campus functioning in short then look at flow of data in this system, then observes the components and their responsibility to categorized and placing them in MANET based architecture. Finally we will select and design algorithm for the whole digital campus system. This is a concept of implementing intelligent technologies to transform any existing environment into smart, here not only institutional campus but many other also can be upgraded or transform into smart like villages, cities, sports or working flow like census, PDS, Disaster Management system etc.
Propose a Full.Adder based on Bonhemmi project for MTJ Inverter.
Authors: Khalesi Elham
Published: June 2023

In this paper, I proposed new idea for a nano electro.magnetics Full.adder. Simulation and design of inverter and majority.voter is a work on Bonhemmi method and analysis that is based on SST.MTJ method. After this idea, we can design other gated and devices besed on this formula to implement Microprocessor and … . Spintronics devices are based on the up or down spin of the electrons rather than on electrons or holes as in the traditional semiconductor electronics devices. Magnetic processors using spintronics devices in principle are much faster and with the potential features of nonvolatile, lower power consumption and higher integration density compared with transistor-based microprocessor. Full adder is one of the most important basic units of the arithmetic/logic unit for any processors. The design of the full adder determines the speed and chip-density of a processor. In this paper, a novel spintronics full adder is proposed based on novel programmable spintronics logic devices. Only seven magnetic tunnel junction elements are needed for this full adder design.
Analysis of a non-linear beam equation
Authors: Miranda M. M. , Pereira D. C. , Araújo G. M. , Araújo M. A. F.
Published: June 2023

In this paper we investigate the existence, uniqueness of global solutions and asymptotic behavior for the initial boundary value problem for a non-linear beam equation\begin{equation}\label{eq.1}\left\{\begin{array}{l}u''-\Delta u+\Delta^2u+ |u|^\rho=0\mbox{ in }\Omega\times(0,\infty)\\ u=0,\;\; \displaystyle\frac{\partial u}{\partial\nu}=0 \mbox{ on }\Gamma\times(0,\infty)\\ u(x,0)=u_0(x),\;\;u'(x,0)=u_1(x), x\in\Omega,\end{array}\right.\end{equation}where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^n$, $\rho>0$ is a real number, $\nu(x)$ is the exterior unit normal vector at $x\in\Gamma$.
MSC Classification: 35K60 , 35F30
The optimal cut-points of alanine aminotransferase for screening metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults
Authors: Asgari Samaneh , Azizi Fereidoun , Hadaegh Farzad
Published: June 2023

Background
Studies reported that the activity of the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme becomes the main biomarker for screening liver cell damage such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Since individuals with metabolic syndrome (Mets) are at high risk for NAFLD, we aimed to determine the gender-specific ALT thresholds for screening Mets in the Tehranian population.
Methods
We did a cross-sectional study (2018–2022) of 4968 adults aged 20–70 years (2732 female). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to assess the association between ALT level and the prevalence of Mets and each component. Moreover, the gender-specific ALT cut-off point was determined using the maximum Youden's index. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) was calculated to derived thresholds and compared to the previously introduced cut-off points from the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG; ALT > 19 U/L for females, > 29 U/L for males). We also examined the diagnostic performance of the derived cut-off points in the 11,147 individuals (7,154, women) from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Results
The odds ratio (OR) of the logistic regression shows that each 5-U/L increase in ALT level was associated with prevalent Mets [19% for females and 8% for males] and its components (ranging from 7–19% in females and 3–10% in males; all p-value < 0.05). The suggested cut-off point for ALT among men was 21 U/L with a sensitivity of 72.1% and specificity of 47.1%; considering the threshold of 18 U/L the corresponding values were 57.9% and 66.5%, respectively. Compared to the ACG guideline, the AUC of our suggested threshold increased in males (60% vs. 56%, respectively) while for females it remained the same as in the pretest (≈ 62%). Using ARIC data, our suggested threshold showed almost the same AUC values compared to the ACG threshold among females (58% vs. 57%, respectively), while among males, the highest AUC was observed for our suggested cut-off points (56%), followed by ACG thresholds (53%).
Conclusion
The cut-off point for screening Mets among Iranian women was almost the same with the lower suggested threshold of American guidelines but remarkably lower for defined abnormal ALT levels in males.
Assessing Adherence to Infection Control Standards in Emergency Departments of Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alraimi Ammar , Al-Fadhli Abdulmajeed
Published: June 2023

This study evaluated the implementation of infection prevention standards in the emergency departments of selected hospitals. Data was collected from physicians and nurses using a questionnaire assessing multiple dimensions of infection control measures. Responses from 322 participants were statistically analyzed for validity and stability using Pearson’s coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha. Findings revealed that, while infection control standards were largely implemented across all dimensions, gaps were identified. Specifically, a lack of sterilization indicators, failure to isolate respiratory patients, and inadequate patient and family education were noted. Infection control practices require strengthening, especially isolation procedures. Study outcomes provide healthcare professionals and policymakers with evidence to further improve infection prevention controls and reduce healthcare-associated infection risks, especially during the spread of epidemics such as the COVID-19 epidemic. Enhancing measures in line with the study's recommendations can help create safer care environments in hospitals.
Learning with Albinism: Potential of Digital Technologies in Enhancing Learning Environment for Visually Impaired Pupils
Authors: Mwangakala Hilda , Manyengo Patrick Renatus , Mlaki Enedy
Published: June 2023

Pupils with albinism face significant challenges in accessing quality education due to visual impairment, lack of appropriate learning resources, assistive technologies, and supportive teaching strategies. Traditional classroom settings often fail to cater to their specific needs, leading to educational disparities and hindered academic progress. The study aimed to investigate the learning environment of pupils with Albinism (PA) in inclusive classrooms and the teaching strategies employed by teachers to support their education. The study utilized an exploratory qualitative research design to explore the learning challenges experienced by pupils with albinism at Buhangija Primary School in the Shinyanga region of Tanzania. A total of twenty (20) participants participated in the study, comprising seven (7) special needs teachers, eleven (11) STD VI pupils with albinism, one (1) Headteacher, and one (1) Academic mistress. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The study's findings revealed significant challenges faced by pupils with albinism in the learning process. These challenges included the absence of assistive devices and large print books, difficulties reading from the chalkboard, inadequate teacher support, and stigmatization. Additionally, the overcrowded classrooms posed additional barriers for pupils with visual impairments, hindering their learning experience. However, the study identified several Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) equipment, such as Digital Tablets, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Screen reader, Braille translation software, Braille writing equipment, Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), Braille embosser, Scanners, as practical assistive devices that could improve the learning environment for pupils with albinism. These devices have the potential to enhance their learning capabilities and facilitate their academic performance, bringing them on par with their non-albino peers..
Random variable matrix on graph neural networks to extract global spatial features
Authors: Kan Yuanliang , Hu Yao
Published: June 2023

Graph neural networks (GNN) is a method to extract spatial information between adjacent nodes. But it cannot extract spatial information between nodes that are far apart. In this paper, to address this issue, we assume that the spatial features between any two nodes are random variables that follow certain distributions, and the variances of the random variables increase as the expectations increase. And we set out the conditions that the random variable should satisfy. This approach has three benefits: 1) Being able to fit the spatial relationships of long-distance nodes. 2) Improving the robustness of the model. 3) Improvement on the most basic GNN model means that this method can be applied to any other GNN models. The experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of the model.
An Optimal Feature Selection and Mrblstm-based Autonomous Vehicle Detection System in Challenging Weather Conditions
Authors: Vellaidurai Arthi , Rathinam Murugeswari
Published: June 2023

Recently, self-driving cars with automation procedures such as queuing aid in traffic jams, parking assistance, lane-keep guidance, and crash evasion have been initiated. These automated driving systems and sophisticated video traffic surveillance methods laboriously rely on cameras and sensor fusion technologies. The poor performance of AVs and driver assistance systems in adverse weather conditions (ADWC), which might include snow, fog, rain, and hail, is one of the most serious problems in the development of these technologies. In order to detect items like vehicles and pedestrians in difficult situations like bad weather, it is vital to design the methods to do so. This paper proposes a deep learning (DL) model, namely a Modified ReLU-based Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (MRBLSTM) for autonomous vehicle detection (VD) in ADWC. It is mainly composed of six stages. Initially, the proposed system collects the data from the publicly available dataset for VD. After that, image restoration is done as a preprocessing step on the collected data using the Retinex algorithm. Next, the Modified Canny Edge Detection Operator (MCO) algorithm preserves the edges from the restored images with the help of a bilateral filter and Otsu’s approach. Then, using feature extraction models for HoG, HaaR-like features, LBP, and SIFT, the features are retrieved from the edge-detected images. The optimal features are selected from the extracted features to lower the dimensions of the features using the Cauchy mutation-included Coyotes Optimization Algorithm (CMCOA). Finally, the vehicles are detected using the MRBLSTM. The proposed strategy has experimented on the DAWN dataset, and testing outcomes have demonstrated the proposed technique's efficacy, which surpasses state-of-the-art VD systems under ADWC.
An Engaging User Experience Framework for Mobile Augmented Reality
Authors: Ramtohul Arvind , Khedo Kavi Kumar
Published: June 2023

This research proposes an Engaging User Experience (ENUX) framework which caters for the influential User Experience (UX) and User Engagement (UE) dimensions for a MAR system. The ENUX framework extends on the UX and UE theoretical groundings, the multimodal and multisensory techniques and performance metrics to effectively enhance the UX and UE in MAR systems. Designers and developers in the MAR field have focused on providing a usable system rather than concentrating on a user-centric system that may lead to an enhanced UX and UE. The recommendations from the ENUX framework adopt a user-centered perspective to ensure a high-quality MAR experience in various application areas, and therefore can demonstrate the following: point of engagement, period of engagement, maximum engagement and re-engagement. An initial MAR prototype for a cultural heritage site has been developed using the instrumental, cognitive and sensory dimensions from the ENUX framework. A field study of sixty-six users has evaluated the MAR prototype to carry out an impact analysis of the contribution of the ENUX framework. The findings have confirmed that the partial development of the ENUX framework have significantly improved the UX and UE in the MAR prototype and is a promising start to implement the overall ENUX framework. The framework lays a solid foundation for the assessment of the UX and UE factors in MAR systems, which has the potential to assist the MAR system developers to identify and improve the most UX and UE influential factors in their systems.
Antimicrobial evaluation of metal microneedles made by local electrodeposition-based additive manufacturing on metal-coated substrates
Authors: Sachan Gregory , Schürch Patrik , Koelmans Wabe W. , Hepp Edgar , Vanderwal Lyndsi , Stafslien Shane , Narayan Roger J.
Published: June 2023

Electrochemical-based additive manufacturing of metals has many potential uses for the manufacturing of medical devices with small-scale features. In this study, we examined the in vitro antimicrobial properties of metal microneedles made by local electrodeposition-based additive manufacturing called CERES (Exaddon AG, Switzerland) on metal substrates. Three-by-three arrays of copper microneedles were created on copper-coated silicon substrates. To understand the effect of a galvanic couple between gold microneedles and a copper substrate on the antimicrobial activity of the microneedle device, three-by-three arrays of copper microneedles were created on gold-coated silicon substrates. Scanning electron microscopy was used to understand the microstructure of the microneedles; the microneedles were shown to possess hollow bores and sharp tips. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the presence of copper, carbon, oxygen, silicon, and nitrogen as well as the absence of toxic impurities for the copper microneedles on copper-coated silicon substrates. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the presence of copper, carbon, oxygen, copper, gold, and silicon as well as the absence of toxic impurities for the copper microneedles on gold-coated silicon substrates. In vitro cell colonization studies involving the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis, the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, and the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans at two hour and twenty four hour colonization at 37oC showed generally stronger activity for copper microneedles on copper-coated silicon substrates than for copper microneedles on gold-coated silicon substrates and uncoated silicon substrates. The copper microneedles on gold-coated silicon substrates showed stronger antimicrobial activity than uncoated silicon substrates except for twenty four hour colonization with Escherichia coli. The results of this study show potential strategies for creating antimicrobial microneedles for medical applications via local electrodeposition-based additive manufacturing.
Sentimentally attached to hometown: CEO hometown identity and corporate environmental violations
Authors: 周 志芳 , 杨 卓轩 , 刘 金浩 , 他 彭伟 , 朱 彭
Published: June 2023

CEO hometown identity has received high attention from both academic and practical circles. However, scholars must learn more about the impact of CEO hometown identity on corporate environmental behavior. In this study, Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies in heavily polluting industries in China from 2010 to 2019 are taken as a sample to empirically test the impact of CEO hometown identity on corporate environmental violations and the regulatory role of financing constraints. The research results show that CEO hometown identity reduces corporate environmental violations, but financing constraints weaken this impact. It is also found that the conclusion remains valid when the enterprise is in a region with external solid environmental supervision or an industry with fierce market competition. Even in the face of higher financing constraints, CEO hometown identity can effectively reduce the possibility of corporate environmental violations. This study enriches the theory of place attachment, contributes to the theoretical research and management practice of CEO hometown identity and corporate environmental behavior, and provides essential references for improving corporate environmental performance and promoting the construction of ecological civilization.
Multi-Class Pesticide Residues and Their Associated Dietary Health Risks from Tomato and Aubergine/Eggplant; the Highly Consumed Vegetables in Pakistan
Authors: BIBI AASMA , ANJUM FARIDA , HUSSAIN SYED ROOHUL , AHAD ABDUL , DEEN AZEEM UD , SULEMAN MUHAMMAD , JAN BILAL
Published: June 2023

An analytical method was optimized and validated for the routine analysis of eighteen commonly used and widely reported pesticides in Tomato and Aubergine/Eggplant. Acetate-buffered QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction with PSA (primary secondary amines) cleanup through dispersive SPE (solid phase extraction) was employed. The analytical method was validated at three spiking levels (0.05, 0.01, 0.005mg/Kg) using GC-µECD (gas chromatograph-micro electron capture detector). GC-MSD (gas chromatograph-mass spectrometric detector) was used for both confirmation and quantification using SIM (selective ion monitoring) mode. The LOD and LOQ (limit of detection and quantification) for the studied compounds ranged from 0.0025 to 0.01mg/Kg. The recoveries ranged from 72 – 129% and 70 - 122% with an associated precision (%RSD) of -30 – 23% and -27 – 30%, in Tomato and Aubergine/Eggplant, respectively. The method was applied to fresh samples of Tomato (n = 33) and Aubergine/Eggplant (n = 27) collected from local markets of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Over 76% of the Tomato and 56% of the Aubergine/Eggplant samples were found positive. The chronic and acute health risk assessments have shown that both of these vegetables are unlikely to pose any unacceptable health threat to their consumers.
Introducing the Double Validation Metric for Radar Sensor Models
Authors: Elster Lukas , Rosenberger Philipp , Holder Martin , Mori Ken , Staab Jan , Peters Steven
Published: June 2023

In automated vehicles, environment perception is performed by various sensor types, such as cameras, radars, lidars, and ultrasonics. Simulation models of these, sensors as required in virtual validation methods, are available in various degrees of detail. However, proving the validity of such models is a subject of research. New metrics and methods for credibility assessment of simulation are needed to standardize the validation process in the future. The so-called Double Validation Metric (DVM) has shown advantages and allows an intuitive interpretability of the validation results. The DVM has so far only been applied to lidar sensor models. In this paper, an extension to the DVM is introduced, which is called the DVM Map. A static measurement scenario is conducted in reality and transferred into simulation. The novel method is demonstrated on the obtained real and simulated radar sensor data. In this simple scenario special focus is put on the position accuracy of GNSS reference sensors. Therefore, their impact on the result of sensor model validation is discussed. The paper shows that the method provides a more detailed and accurate validation of a radar simulation, revealing previously undetected simulation errors. Errors due to the environment model, signal propagation, and signal processing are separated and satellite imagery is used for intuitive visualization of the results. This method is a complementary tool to existing validation techniques to improve the interpretability and judging the trustworthiness of radar simulations.
The Psychological Benefits of Forest Bathing in Individuals with Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Serrat Mayte , Royuela-Colomer Estíbaliz , Alonso-Marsol Sandra , Ferrés Sònia , Auer William , Muro Anna , Nieto Ruben , Feliu-Soler Albert
Published: June 2023

Background/Objectives.
The main objective of the present study is to assess the short-term effects of Forest Bathing (FB) conducted in a Mediterranean forest on individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) and/or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) on perceived pain, fatigue, state anxiety, positive and negative affect, mood states, and state mindfulness. Methods.
A total of 44 participants with FM and/or CSF/ME agreed to participate in this study. The FB session consisted of a 3km silent walk, lasting three hours long and guided by a specialized psychologist and a mountain guide to guarantee the safety of the activity. Paired-sample t-tests were used to analyze the pre-post changes in perceived pain, fatigue, state anxiety, positive and negative affect, mood states and mindfulness.
Results.
All reported variables but self-reported pain showed statistically significant pre-post variations after the FB session. Particularly, large-to-very-large improvements in positive and negative affect, state anxiety, tension, depression, anger, and vigor were found. Small-to-moderate effect sizes for fatigue, friendliness and state mindfulness were also reported. Conclusions.
This study provides preliminary evidence of the short-term benefits of FB in individuals with FM and/or CFS/ME, especially on state anxiety and negative affect.
Are refugees better together? a study on the influence of ethnic clusters and dispersal policy on refugee integration
Authors: Adee Md Iltemas Amin , Lee Grace Hooi Yean , Rahman Habib
Published: June 2023

This paper investigated whether ethnic clusters play a role in refugee integration across different races. There are two hypotheses for this study, first, refugees in districts with higher ethnic clusters have better refugee integration, and second, therefore, the dispersal policy is expected to harm refugee integration. I analyzed individual-level data from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), a wide-ranging longitudinal study of private households in Germany, and district-level demographic and economic data from the German statistics department. In this paper, both perspectives of random or non-random refugee allocation are considered while investing the influence of ethnic clusters on refugee integration. A quasi-experimental approach, difference in differences (DID) analysis, is used as the benchmark model to study the causal effect of the refugee influx. In addition, as a robustness check, propensity score matching in the difference-in-differences setup is used to overcome the non-random factor of refugee allocation issued by certain scholars. The results showed that Arabs are better at economically and socially integrating into areas with higher refugee concentration, whereas Asians are worse off. However, ethnic clusters showed a negative relationship but had no causal impact on integration for African and European refugees.
Optical mode division multiplexing inspired photonic neural network accelerator
Authors: Yin Ruoyu , Xiao Huifu , Jiang Yongheng , Han Xu , Zhang Pu , Zhou Xudong , Yuan Mingrui , Ren Guanghui , Mitchell Arnan , Tian Yonghui
Published: June 2023

On-chip photonic neural network (PNN) is emerging as an attractive solution for artificial neural networks due to its high computing density, low energy consumption, and compact size. Matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) plays a key role in on-chip PNN, which can achieve high-speed multiply-accumulate operation. Most of the current schemes implement MVM by adopting wavelength division multiplexing technology to accumulate the power of different wavelengths together, resulting in using a mass of laser sources. Additionally, real-number-field MVM is inevitable for realizing precise PNNs, while limited by the nature of light, effective solutions to perform negative value computing are still inadequate. Here, we propose and demonstrate a PNN accelerator based on wavelength and mode hybrid multiplexing technology to reduce the use of multi-wavelength lasers, which can satisfactorily play real-number-field computing (including positive and negative domain) based on a newly presented transformation mapping approach, avoiding the demanding experimental setup and the sacrificing weight modulation depth. As a proof-of-concept, a fabricated accelerator for image convolution and letter pattern detection has been demonstrated successfully, achieving a computing density of 1.37 TOPS/mm2 under the 22.38 Gbaud modulation rate.
A Comparison of Two Recent Approaches, Exploiting Pipelined FFT and Memory-Based FHT Architectures, for Resource-Efficient Parallel Computation of Real-Data DFT
Authors: Jones Keith John
Published: June 2023

This paper provides a comparison and assessment of both the performance and the capabilities of two recently developed approaches to the problem of computing the realdata DFT. The approaches exploit pipelined FFT and memorybased FHT architectures and aim to produce resourceefficient parallel solutions as required for use in resource and power constrained environments. The FFTbased solutions involve multiPE pipelined designs, geared to streaming (or serial) operation, that exploit the conjugate symmetric nature of the realdata DFT spectrum. The FHTbased solutions, which are suitably optimized versions of the regularized FHT, are geared to batch (or block-based) operation and involve a memorybased single-PE design that exploits partitioned memory in order to achieve eightfold parallelism within the PE. After outlining the performance objectives of each approach the study highlights the key properties and relative advantages/disadvantages of each, showing how the arithmetic complexity may be traded off against the memory requirement in order to optimize the use of the available silicon resources on the target computing device and to meet the appropriate timing objectives or constraints. A number of additional design issues not addressed with recent real-data FFT research – in particular, those relating to design simplicity, regularity and scalability – are also discussed which enable a more comprehensive assessment of a solution’s capabilities.
The role of big data analytics on improving technical and vocational education outcomes
Authors: Kero ADMAS ABTEW , Olana Zerihun
Published: June 2023

This systematic literature review examines the potential of big data analytics to improve technical and vocational education and training (TVET) outcomes. A search of relevant databases yielded 22 studies that were included in the review. The findings suggest that big data analytics interventions can improve TVET outcomes, particularly in terms of student performance and engagement. However, the quality of the evidence is limited by the high risk of bias in many of the studies and the heterogeneity of the interventions and outcomes measured. Big data analytics interventions can provide real-time insights into student learning behaviors and performance, predict student outcomes, and offer personalized feedback and support. The positive impact of these interventions on TVET outcomes is consistent with previous research in other educational contexts. To maximize the potential of big data analytics in TVET, future research should use rigorous study designs, consistent outcome measures, and identify factors that contribute to the success or failure of these interventions. In conclusion, this review suggests that big data analytics can improve TVET outcomes, particularly where there is a strong culture of data use. Further research is needed to identify factors that contribute to the success or failure of big data analytics interventions in TVET, with the goal of improving TVET quality and enhancing graduate employability.
Homophily in An Artificial Social Network of Agents Powered By Large Language Models
Authors: He James , Wallis Felix , Rathje Steve
Published: June 2023

Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have given rise to chatbots based on Large Language Models (LLMs) - such as ChatGPT - that can provide human-like responses to a wide range of psychological and economic tasks. However, no study to date has explored whether a society of LLM-based agents behaves comparably to human societies. We conduct Social Network Analysis on Chirper.ai, a Twitter-like platform consisting only of LLM chatbots. We find early evidence of self-organized homophily in the sampled artificial society (N = 31,764): like humans, bots with similar language and content engage more than dissimilar bots. However, content created by the bots tends to be more generic than human-generated content. We discuss the potential for developing LLM-driven Agent-Based Models of human societies, which may inform AI research and development and further the social scientific understanding of human social dynamics.
An Investigation of The Role of Conversational Implicature in Daily Conversations
Authors: Nhung Dang Thi Hong
Published: June 2023

Dialogue in everyday speech occasionally uses words that are completely different from the usual expressions. The speaker's intended meaning of the speech is represented by the conversational implicature from a linguistic standpoint. The unique dialogues between the speaker and the receiver are referred to as conversation implications. That is the most crucial aspect of conversation theory that has been debated. According to Grice's theory of dialogue inference, the literal may be given meaning. In other words, cooperative communication is based on a set of cooperative principles. As a result, one of the most popular pragmatics research fields is conversational implicature. This paper aims to examine the significance of conversational implicature in casual discussions in various circumstances, which indicates that context is crucial for understanding what people say.
Cultural Conflicts in Intercultural Communication Between Western and Eastern Cultures in Foreign Language Teaching
Authors: Trang Vo Thi Quynh
Published: June 2023

The research paper identifies the causes of intercultural communication conflicts in foreign language learning and proposes solutions. The author employed a qualitative research approach, including comparative analysis, investigation, and solution-oriented proposals. Through these methods, the study revealed cultural differences in intercultural communication between Western and Eastern cultures. These differences manifest in perceptions of objects and worldviews, cultural aspects in daily communication, such as differences in eloquence, perceptions of time, etiquette and gift-giving, table manners, forms of address, humor, and concepts of privacy. The study recommends the elimination of cultural biases and prejudices and puts forth principles to help teachers and learners manage intercultural communication conflicts in foreign language learning. These principles include fair and objective communication, seeking common ground while respecting differences, adapting to situations, and respecting cultural knowledge while avoiding hasty judgments. The study also suggests measures to address intercultural communication conflicts in teaching, such as developing learners' intercultural communication skills, enhancing intercultural communication competence, cultivating a multicultural perspective, improving individual cultural quality, stimulating learners' interest in culture, increasing learners' awareness of conscious cultural usage, and creating a multicultural communication environment in the classroom.
Identity Negotiation of International Students When Studying in A Non-Speaking English Country
Authors: Phuong Le Thi Minh
Published: June 2023

Today, with the trend of internationalization, a growing number of universities and institutions worldwide are encouraging their students to take part in abroad programs or vocational training schemes in a foreign country. It is easy to find out that not only are English-speaking countries ideal destinations for education overseas, but many other countries where English is not the first language also attract millions of students worldwide. Studying in these countries, students will have to use English for academic purposes and at the same time learn the local languages to adapt to the host environment. Firsthand exposure to the native speech community coupled with formal classroom learning is said to create the optimal environment for learning an additional language and culture, thus, at the same time, would inevitably cause some effects on students’ identities. Based on the interviews with a focus group of international students studying at a university in Haiphong, the types of negotiated identities, the ways they alternate their behaviors, emotions, and cognitions to adapt to the new environment will be revealed. With these findings, some implications for curriculum and pedagogy which optimize opportunities for international students to develop their knowledge, openness, and adaptability are also suggested.
Learning English vocabulary of non-English majored students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food and Industry (HUFI): Problems and Recommendations
Authors: Tuong Vy Vo Thi
Published: June 2023

Using vocabulary should be a crucial part of studying and using English. Thus, how to develop effective strategies to remember and use vocabulary actively should be meaningful to English learners. This study aims to help non-English-majoring students at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) figure out effective methods to maximize their competence in studying vocabulary. Via mixed research methodologies, this study describes problems related to vocabulary that non-English majors may deal with while studying English. Then, recommendations for learning English vocabulary effectively will be drawn out based on theories on teaching and learning English. The study titled "Learning English vocabulary of non-English major students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI): Problems and Recommendations" has some limitations, but it should be meaningful to help learners, at least non-English major students at HUFI, maximize their ability to use English vocabulary in reality.
Factors Affecting English-Majored Students’ Speaking Skills at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry
Authors: Kiet Duong Tuan
Published: June 2023

English is one of the most active languages used in the world to express ideas and converse with each other. So popularly communicative is the language, yet a lot of HUFI English-majored students still have to cope with the speaking skill. The research was conducted with the aim of discovering factors that engender English oral performance difficulties, using quantitative methodology to gather information from 92 students whose major is English language. The data collected from participants was meticulously analysed and helped solidify the researcher’s idea of such factors that cause trouble for them. As a result, the researcher came up with the deduction that intrinsic, educational, and linguistic factors are all the reason behind the respondents’ inability to speak English. Hence, the findings could unfold a new horizon for those who have an inquisitive mind on the problem and a desire to solve it based on the comprehensive insights given in the paper. Educationally, the research results are also expected to contribute to the future teaching methodology reformation so that English speaking skills could be achieved in the most effective way.
Peer Feedback in IELTS Academic Writing Task 1
Authors: Trung Nguyen Thi
Published: June 2023

Peer feedback is viewed as an effective activity in foreign language teaching and learning that allows students to receive more feedback on their writing performance for improvement. This study was carried out to investigate the second- year English majored students’ attitudes towards giving and receiving peer feedback as well as their evaluation of peer feedback in IELTS Academic writing Task 1. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. The findings obtained from the questionnaires showed that the English sophomores faced a lot of difficulties in giving and receiving peer feedback in IELTS academic writing Task 1 in terms of four criteria although all students were well aware of the significant role of peer feedback in developing their writing skills. From the findings, it is recommended that teachers should provide students with adequate training and practice while deploying peer feedback activities in IELTS academic writing teaching so that students can benefit a great deal from peer feedback in their writing production enhancement.
HUFI English-majored Students’ Perceptions of Peer Correction in Essay Writing
Authors: Thao Vo Thi Thu
Published: June 2023

Writing essays can be a challenging task for many English-major students, and developing writing skills can be a difficult process. To address this issue, several studies have explored ways to enhance students’ writing performance. This paper aimed to explore how peer correction was used in classrooms to improve English essay writing skills among English major freshmen at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, in the University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City. This case study collected data through class observations and student interviews using a qualitative approach. The results indicated that most students highly valued peer correction as a motivating tool to improve their essay-writing skills and reduce students’ anxiety about being confused by mistakes. Moreover, the study found that peer correction was particularly beneficial in large class sizes, as it addressed the constraints of time limitation. The findings suggest that incorporating peer correction into writing instruction can be an effective strategy to improve student writing in contexts where large class sizes and limited time pose a challenge.
Perceptions of Second-Year English Major Students at HUFI towards Cooperative Learning in Translation Course
Authors: Hien Nguyen Thanh
Published: June 2023

English majors at HUFI have to take a class on translation in their second year and the students of translation would do well to learn why different translation methods are used, as it is an important skill to be able to choose the best method for a given text. This study takes a co-operative learning approach to the question of how to educate future translators. Initial research has shown that when trying to translate from Vietnamese into English, students frequently employ inappropriate translation strategies. HUFI uses a method called "Co-operative Work Procedure" to implement an involvement in the teaching of translation in a translation course. This study was conducted by asking 100 2nd English major students to fill out an online survey of their opinions on whether or not they want to work in groups when doing translation work, and on some positive and negative feedback when they are asked to learn in groups or pairs. The research revealed that it was suitable for them to work in groups in the translation class and they really enjoyed working in larger groups of three to four members than smaller groups of two to three ones. However, from the students’ points of views, the students felt that the class became so noisy and some of their groupmates even did not contribute to the work of the group. The findings of this study could be considered by the teachers of translation for choosing one of the most appropriate teaching translation methods, which is called "Co-operative leaning".
Environment and Attitudes Towards HUFI Non-English Majored Students in Learning General English
Authors: Huong Nguyen Giang
Published: June 2023

English language perception is still an unlimited issue among teachers around the world. Similarly, teaching and learning this kind of language at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) is a challenging matter to solve the problem: How to enhance students’ learning of English. The objectives of the study were to find out the leading causes for the problems in learning English as a foreign language of HUFI students during two and three semesters and the role of foreign teachers of English in students’ progress. The methodology employed in gathering information was a survey conducted via an online Google form questionnaire. Participants were 200 HUFI second-year and third-year non-English major students. The result of this study demonstrated that subjective and objective factors including the environment, students’ attitudes and preparation were the leading causes of problems in learning English. Therefore, if students have good management in learning and are assisted in an English-speaking environment by teachers, they can make progress in their English perception. The data collected from this research might be necessary for later papers discussing more effective ways to help learners enjoy learning English. Recommendations in the light of findings are also discussed in this article.
Water and sanitation services in Brazil: evaluating the regulatory governance based on the institutional analysis and development framework
Authors: Ávila Natália Resende Andrade , de Carvalho Bruno Eustáquio , de Moraes Cordeiro Netto Oscar
Published: June 2023

Brazilian's framework of water and sanitation services (WSS) is complex, with several actors from different legal natures and varied rules. The new Brazilian sanitation law aims to achieve universal access to WSS and effective provision of services, encouraging more efficiency by promoting competitiveness. However, the regulatory governance of the sector poses a challenge to achieve these objectives. This article addresses identifying and analyzing the WSS structures based on the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework, which provides a multidimensional conceptual map that combines levels of macro and micro situations. Databases from the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were cross-referenced to evaluate the structures that exist in the provision of WSS, focusing on municipalities located in the metropolitan regions and urban agglomerations of Brazil. It is possible to conclude that the IAD Framework helps to clarify the actors, its functions, responsibilities, and the interactions between them, as well as the exogenous factors and how they influence the action arena, reaching recommendations, supported by a Delphi approach, such as to improve industry regulation in terms of governance and regulatory governance.
Psychoneuroimmunology of depression and its relation to the gut-brain axis
Authors: Wahyuni Anak Ayu Sri , Vasmana I Gede , Evilia Wati , Marianto Marianto
Published: June 2023

Background: Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) or also called psychoneuroendocrinology is the study of how psychological, neural, and immunological processes interact and influence human health and behavior. It is known that psychosocial factors contribute to the development of many diseases and that the immune system plays an important role in this relationship. Likewise, immune system signals in the brain affect mood, cognitive function, and behavior. Method: Literature review through scientific sources from books and journals related to the psychoneuroimmunology of depression and its relationship with the gut-brain axis. Discussion: Several studies have shown that patients with severe mental disorders including depression are affected by various changes in the gut microbiota and increased intestinal permeability. The gut microbiota can activate the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis through some mediators that cross the blood-brain barrier and include antigens, microbes, cytokines, and prostaglandins. Some bacterias release neurotransmitters that can interact directly with the vagus nerve. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis activation can influence gut microbiota and gut permeability. An imbalance in intestinal flora can reduce protective properties, and increase neurotoxins and inflammatory mediators, causing nerve damage from the synaptic cleft which causes depression. Conclusion: There is an interrelated relationship between the psychoneuroimmunology of depression and the gut-brain axis.