bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies in Hawaiian Diptera II: New Distributional Records for Endemic Scatella (Ephydridae)
Authors: O'Grady Patrick , Arakaki Keith , Evenhuis Neal
Published: August 2014

Here we summarize the known distributional data for the Hawaiian Scatella (Ephydridae). We report on four new island records; S. amnica and S. stagnalis from Kauai, S. oahuense from Lanai, and S. terryi from Maui. A list of material present, comprising over 3100 individual specimen records in the collections of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, University of Hawaii at Manoa, and Essig Musuem of Entomology at UC Berkeley is included, along with details distributional maps for the Hawaiian endemic species.
Factors Affecting Listening
Authors: Turel Vehbi
Published: August 2014

In this chapter, the author looks at the difficulties that stem from listening materials in terms of affecting listening. To be able to select or create effective listening materials, some of the vital points that need to be known are the difficulties that stem from listening materials. Providing that we know what and how they affect listening, adequate listening materials can then be selected or created. To this purpose, first, the author looks at them in detail to see clearly from what components listening materials might consist. Afterwards, they focus on and diagnose the problematic features, find out what difficulties these elements cause in listening, and show how such problems can be overcome.
Use of Diagnostic Methods for Monitoring of Disorder State of Production Machines and Equipment
Authors: Šoltésová Stanislava , Baron Petr , Adamčík Pavel
Published: August 2014

Modern methods and modern equipments of diagnostic technology are based on applications of the latest methods of information science and technology. Therefore the diagnostic technology is currently one of the most important factors of reliability. It follows the disorder manifestations of machines and equipments. It enables business firms to optimize the costs of production fluency, its safety and quality of final products. In the article the using of technical diagnostic tools is described for monitoring the behavior of production systems and equipments.
Using Atomic Spectrometry and Volumetry Method for Determination of Bearing Corrosion in Tribotechnical Diagnostics of Engines
Authors: Mihalčová Janka
Published: August 2014

The presence of water in the engine lubrication system is supposed to be a significant factor, which causes engine corrosion. Atomic spectrometry method and method for water content determination were applied for the detection of corrosion. Rotating disc electrode optical emission spectrometry (RD OES) is a method used to determine the concentration of 21 chemical elements in used lubricating oil in 30 seconds. In the used oil the concentration of Fe, Cu and Sn was monitored because these elements are indicators of bearing wear. The elements were analyzed using Conostan S-21 organo metallic calibration standards. The precision of the method was verified by calculating RSD for n = 3, the values of which are for Fe, Cu and Sn less than 7 %. Accuracy of measurement was verified by measuring standard reference material NIST 1084a. Karl Fischer volumetric method was used for the determination of water content in used lubricating oils with precision less than 1 %. The obtained reference material 34849 HYDRANAL-Water Standard 10.0, which is traceable to NIST SRM 2890 for determination of water content by Karl Fischer method, was analyzed for accuracy purposes.
Monitoring of Biomass-Based Heat Production System
Authors: Mižáková Jana
Published: August 2014

The paper deals with monitoring of operational parameters of heat production in biomass combustion boilers. There is presented software for on-line combustion process monitoring with other possibilities: creation of analyses, reports and statistical evaluations of monitored parameters.
Short-Term Testing of Cutting Materials Using the Method of Interrupted Cut
Authors: Zajac Jozef , Mitaľ Dušan , Radchenko Svetlana , Kokuľa Pavel , Olexa Ľubomir , Čep Róbert
Published: August 2014

Purpose of this paper is to compare the characteristics of cutting of materials of different structures for testing intermittent cutting. Materials comparisons in the machining of steel strips samples C45 (12 050) are: cutting ceramics and cemented carbides. These materials have different characteristics of the cutting properties. Intensive development in the form of improved cutting properties passed in recent year’s just cutting ceramics. This is what resulted in its use not only for machining a continuous section, but its application was extended to the intermittent cutting machining.
Diagnostic of Manufacturing Devices Operational States by Smart-Phones Application with Use of Augmented Reality Methods
Authors: Novak-Marcincin Jozef , Szentivanyi Patrik , Janak Miroslav , Barna Jozef
Published: August 2014

Methods and techniques of diagnostic activities have changed in last years thanks to the significant modernization of accessible hardware and software tools. In the area of usability of the technologies of augmented reality the possible innovation lies in utilization of current telecommunication devices which integrate displaying and recording unit, mini-computer and the device for location checking. The paper conceptually describes the possibilities for using of common smart-phones for purposes of detailed diagnostic of manufacturing devices and production process in the environment of engineering praxis.
Microstructural Characteristics Investigation of the Chip-Making Process after Machining
Authors: Vojtko Imrich , Simkulet Vladimir , Baron Petr , Orlovský Imrich
Published: August 2014

Machining as a base technology for the manufacture of precision engineering components has a dominant position. Interaction of machine - tool - work piece has a significant impact on the quality of surface, next to under surface changes of worked material and finally to the total production process. In this work microstructures characteristics of the arising chip are evaluated depending on the defined conditions used for machining. Further basic patterns of the manufacturing process as well as the accompanying effects on the cutting process are clarified. Theory of formation of chip is not nearly closed part of the analytical theory of cutting indicates a possibility of further investigation boundaries of these zones of deformation, the application of mathematical, physical and other methods of examination, verification of modern experimental methods. Thickness of chip was achieved to 50 µm. This micro hardness value was selected to the plastic zones. In area of primary plastic deformation was in range from 256,7 to 264,0 HV 0,1. Area of secondary plastic deformation was higher as primary plastic deformation, it was in range of 289,4 to 357,4 HV 0,1. In plastic deformation area was in range from 261,5 to 278,2 HV 0,1 which is consequence of the action of the outgoing temperature
Stroke Design for the Press Roller on the Curling Twincylinder Machine
Authors: Vitikáč Batešková Eva , Panda Anton
Published: August 2014

A human being cannot imagine recent times without technology and digitalization as well as without constant using of computers, computer networks and developed programmes for design and testing assemblies used in various areas of human ́s life. The submitted paper deals with a principle of a stroke. Priority of it is a design of an ideal mechanism for movement of curling machine lower cylinder and creating an analysis to find out its strength during acting of pressure forces.
Degradation Process in Area of Connecting Metal Sheets by Adhesive Bonding Technology in Agrocomplex
Authors: Müller Miroslav , Ružbarský Juraj , Valášek Petr
Published: August 2014

From the production essence point of view the necessity to create constructional bonds comes into being. In the sphere of connecting thin metal sheets it is suitable to apply the adhesive bonding technology. A significant branch is an agricultural production which is distinguished for many very degradable environments. The aim of experiment is to study and experimentally verify the degradation processes influence running in the adhesive bonds. The interval of the exposition of the adhesive bonds to the degradation environment was 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 weeks. Secondarily, the influence of various contaminants on a rise of the corrosion at the constructional carbon steel S235J0 was evaluated. Another aim is to determine by means of statistical methods ANOVA an influence agreement of single liquid contaminants types based on industrial and mineral fertilizers (Ammonium sulphate, NPK, DAM and Slurry).
Boroscopy Application in Assurance of Technological Equipment Operational Capability
Authors: Žarnovský Jozef , Drlička Róbert , Ružbarský Juraj , Žitňanský Ján
Published: August 2014

This paper is focused on an emphasis of the preventive maintenance effect on reliable and safe operation of technological equipment, in view of technical diagnostics. Problems of the boroscopy as a diagnostics method providing fast information acquiring of inner parts of technological equipment turbomachinery RB211 DLE assembled in combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) in selected company [. Observations were focused on high pressure axial compressor, being the main part of monitored technological system. From quality point of view the paper provides new perspective of internal inspection of technological equipment covering possible damages locating and qualifying of qualitative characteristics of equipment inner parts. The problems solved were based on particular practice demands and it reflects state-of-art in concerned scientific field [.
Impact Loading of Concrete Slabs
Authors: Jendzelovsky Norbert , Zabakova Vrablova Kristina
Published: August 2014

In this article impact loading of concrete slabs has been presented. Different methods for calculate impact force have been considered. Numerical models of two slabs with different boundary condition have been solved while using finite element method in ANSYS software. In the final part of the paper, z-direction displacements and bending moments of models have been compared.
Monitoring of Tram Traffic Noise in the Small Curve Radius
Authors: Panulinova Eva , Harabinova Slavka
Published: August 2014

An excessive noise exposure not only decreases work quality and productivity, it also negatively affects human health. The most accurate data on noise levels can be obtained by measurements; however this approach is really time-consuming and its application is sometimes rather complicated. More frequently, calculation methods are used. The design methodology suggested by Liberko has been used for the calculations in Slovakia since 1991 [1]. As has been proved by experience, there is a need to re-evaluate some parts of the Slovak calculation methods and extend the number of initial parameters, so that much higher accuracy could be achieved. The layout (or the location) of the railway line is one of the parameters that at all events influence the level of noise caused by tramway transport. Providing that the ride of the tramway car is ideally straight in line, the forces that develop in a curve influence the acoustic situation in the vicinity of a moving tramway car. As this parameter has not yet been taken into account in calculations, the paper presented analyses the grounds for its use in noise prognoses.
Numerical Modeling of Cylindrical Tank and Compare with Experiment
Authors: Jendzelovsky Norbert , Baláž Lubomír
Published: August 2014

This paper deals with a problem of eigenfrequencies of cylindrical tank (steel water tank). For an ANSYS analysis of eigenfrequencies some numerical models of cylindrical tank are used and finally results got by these models are compared with experimental results in laboratory. In final part of the paper some crucial results are presented both in a graphical and numerical way.
Carrying Capacity Definition of Steel-Concrete Beams with External Reinforcement under the Fire Impact
Authors: Vatulia Glib , Orel Yevhen , Kovalov Maksym
Published: August 2014

The authors proposed the results of fire resistance evaluation of steel-concrete beams with external sheet reinforcement at standard temperature range of fire in the room and justified specifications for flame-retardant coat due to design standards. In order to analyze fire resistance the three-dimensional computer models were developed taking into account the basic conditions of beams loading and bearing as well as non-linear "stress-strain" dependencies of concrete and external reinforcement.
Fatigue Damage Accumulation under the Complex Varying Loading
Authors: Melnikov Boris , Semenov Artem
Published: August 2014

Fatigue analysis of steel parts of structures, which are subjected to complex irregular loading programs caused by wind, thermal, wave loads, earthquakes and combined imposed actions, requires in some cases using special methods of stress-strain evaluation. The model of the low cycle fatigue nonlinear damage accumulation is developed with taking into account the history of the deformation process. The damage is defined on the base of considering the quasi-static accumulation of maximal strain (stress) and hysteresis loops. The identification of material constants of the model is discussed. Application of the damage model for fatigue analysis of the antennas, pipelines, basements and fasteners units is considered and a comparison with experiments is given.
Fatigue Assessment of Concrete Members Strengthened by FRP Materials
Authors: Čavojcová Alena , Moravcik Martin
Published: August 2014

Fatigue and fatigue damage leads to a change in material properties that can lead to the element failures. Generally, it is necessary to verify the influence of the fatigue effects on the concrete members according to European standard EC2, [1]. FRP materials have been possibly used for the fatigue damage structure rehabilitation. There we can apply the condition of the limit boundaries stress on concrete and limit force in FRP material theoretical approach. Fatigue assessment will be analyzed for T-beam cross section with reinforcement and strengthened FPR material in this paper.
Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Air Flow Turbulence Characteristics in the Wind Tunnel Contraction
Authors: Michalcova Vladimira , Kuznetsov Sergej , Brozovsky Jiri , Pospíšil Stanislav
Published: August 2014

Flow characteristics contraction of rectangular cross-section are investigated numerically and experimentally so as to gain an additional insight into the contraction design. They observed velocity field and turbulent intensity in the area of contraction and downstream of it. Individual numerical models sofware Ansys Fluent are evaluated and compared with measurements in a wind tunnel.
Analysis of Stochastic Resonance Phenomenon in Wind Induced Vibration of a Girder
Authors: Pospíšil Stanislav , Náprstek Jiří
Published: August 2014

We study the response of a dynamic system to additive random noise and external determin- istic periodic force to investigate vibration of a slender prismatic beam in a cross flow with a turbulence component. The aim of the study is to find such parameter combinations, which should be avoided in practice to eliminate response amplitude increase due to the effect of the stochastic resonance. We assume the non-linear oscillator (beam) with one generalized degree of freedom in the divergence-like regime. It is described by the version of the Duffing equation. We conduct the theoretical investigation with the use of relevant Fokker-Planck equation together with verification by numerical simulation of corresponding stochastic differential system. Real characteristics of a sectional model, fixed in the special stand allowing the snap-through effect, in the wind tunnel are employed.
Estimation of Wind Energy Potential of the Territory
Authors: Badenko Vladimir , Arefiev Nikolay
Published: August 2014

Accurate information about the wind resource and the wind energy potential is required for federal and local authority policy initiatives that will expand the use of wind energy. This paper presents the experience of creating an information-analytical system (IAS), based on GIS technologies, for wind energy potential (theoretical and practically achievable) of Leningrad and Pskov regions, located in the North-West of Russia. IAS consists of GIS database coupled with models for support of decision making for regional planning. The paper presents the general methodological approaches and possible practical difficulties during the creation of such systems.
Applications of Integral Transforms in Solving Problems of Dynamic Interaction in the Vehicle-Roadway System
Authors: Stachová Darina
Published: August 2014

Fourier transform is an important tool in a number of scientific fields. Its advantages, disadvantages and subtleties have been examined many times by dozens of mathematicians, physicists and engineers. In this contribution we try to summarize important aspects of this transform and discuss variety of its uses in contemporary science with emphasis on demonstrating connections to dynamic interactions in the vehicle-roadway system.
The Comparison between the Applications of Different Types of Boundary Conditions that are Used in the Dynamic Simulation of the Tests of Pavements
Authors: Kortiš Ján , Rapanová Nina
Published: August 2014

Pavements have been damaging during the service life so knowing their current state is valuable and offers important information to choose the right technique to repair the damage caused by vehicles traveling on it. Different kind of diagnostic methods are used for that reason. Many new modern gadgets, which can measure very fast changes of the displacement, have been developed for the last years. Consequently the new modern dynamic diagnostic methods are widely put into service. One of them is FWD Dynatest, which measures displacements on the surface of the pavement while it is loaded by force impulse.
Failure Probability of NPP Communication Bridge under the Extreme Loads
Authors: Králik Eng Juraj , Kralik Juraj
Published: August 2014

Safety and reliability of the communication steel bridge of the nuclear power plant under extreme loads is considered in this paper. The extreme load from the wind and the earthquake is defined for the probability of exceedance 10-4 per year on the base of the last results from the investigation in Slovakia. The deterministic and the probabilistic assessments to verify the safety and reliability of the structure are presented. The uncertainties of the input data and the calibration of the load factors are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the probabilistic analysis are discussed. The advantages of the utilization the LHS method to analyze the safety and reliability of the structures is presented.
Single Degree of Freedom Analysis of Steel Beams under Blast Loading
Authors: Figuli Lucia , Papán Daniel
Published: August 2014

The paper deals with the analysis of steel beams subjected to blast load approximated as a one degree system of freedom (SDOF). It requires knowing the parameters of blast pressure wave, its effect on structure and the tools for the solution of dynamic analysis. The blast wave is estimated with linear decay and exponential decay using positive and negative phase. The results of SDOF model are compared with the corresponding experimental accelerations and strain time-histories. There is a described dynamic analysis for such structure.
Elastic Constants and Thermodynamic Properties of B2-DyCu Intermetallics
Authors: Wu Yu Rong , Xu Long Shan
Published: August 2014

The thermodynamic and thermo-elastic properties of ductility intermetallic compounds DyCu with B2 structure are investigated with molecular dynamics. The calculated structure properties are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental and previous calculated data. At the whole range 0-900K, the elastic constants decrease with increasing temperature, and satisfy the stability criterions for DyCu compound. The value of B/G ratio for DyCu is greater than 1.75 implying the DyCu intermetallics are ductile, and increases with elevating temperature. Our results mean that the ductility of DyCu can be improved by increasing temperature.
Preparation and Coating Properties of Silicone/Cuprous Modified Acrylic Resin
Authors: Liu Zhi Gang , Guo Yu Nan , Mao De Yu
Published: August 2014

The modified resins, as antibacterial coating materials, have attracted wide attention. Two steps to obtain resins: cuprous oxide collosol particle was prepared by reduction of Copper acetate solution, using hydrazine as the reducing agent, then oleic acid was added to the system as the covered agent; silicone and cuprous modified acrylic resin was successfully synthesized by solution polymerization with the monomers of acrylic acid (AA), butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), vinyl triethoxy silane (VTES) and the as-prepared oleic acid coated Cu2O sol, using the azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. The samples were characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and FTIR analysis. The effects of silicone content on the properties of polymer coatings were investigated by contact angle analysis.
Synthesis of Epoxy-Functionalized Micro-Zone Plates by UV-Initiated Copolymerization
Authors: Li Li , Wang He Ye
Published: August 2014

As microfluidic systems transition from research tools to disposable clinical devices, new substrate materials are need to meet both the regulatory requirement as well as the economics of disposable devices. In this paper, a commercial ultraviolet (UV)-curiable material (bisphenol A based epoxy acrylate, BABEA) was introduced as a new manufacturing material for facile fabrication of epoxy-functionalized microfluidic devices by UV-initiated copolymerization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS) results indicated the existence of epoxy groups on the surface of poly (BABEA-co-GMA), which allowed for binding protein through an epoxy-amino group reaction. Poly (BABEA-co-GMA) is highly transparent in visible range, and of high replication fidelity. A fabrication procedure was proposed for manufacturing BABEA based epoxy-functionalized micro-zone plates. The fabrication procedure was very simple; obviating the need of micromachining equipments, wet etching or imprinting techniques. To evaluate the BABEA based epoxy-functionalized micro-zone plates, α-fetoprotein (AFP) antibody was immobilized onto the capture zone for chemiluminescent (CL) detection in a non-competitive immune response format. The proposed AFP immunoaffinity micro-zone plate was demonstrated as a low cost, flexible, homogeneous and stable assay for AFP.
Fabrication of Periodic Microstructures on Nickel Template by Multi-Beam Laser Interference
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xiang Ru Yi , Cao Xiao Wen , Li Shun Guang , Sun Hui Chao
Published: August 2014

Complex microstructures can be fabricated on nickel template directly by femtosecond laser. But the efficiency is low and much time is inevitable when large scale microstructures are fabricated. The multi-beam interference provides an effective method for fabrication of large scale microstructures. This paper mainly focuses on direct ablation of nickel template by four-beam interference and fabricating periodic microstructures by laser interference lithography. Experimental results show that submicron periodic stripes and column structures can be produced on the nickel template by laser interference, laying the foundation of making nickel molds for microfluidic chips.
Diffusion Bonding between AZ31 Magnesium Alloy and 7075 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Chen Zhi Tong , Lin Fei , Li Jie , Wang Fei , Meng Qing Sen
Published: August 2014

A study on vacuum diffusion bonding between as-extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy and 7075 aluminum alloy was carried out according to atomic diffusion theory. Recrystallization annealing was used for grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy and 7075 aluminum alloy before the diffusion welding. The quality of the bonding joints was checked by shear test, micro-hardness test and microstructure analysis. Experimental results showed that the welding temperature and holding time have a great effect on the joint shear strength. The maximum of shear strength was 38.41MPa under the temperature of 470°C and the holding time of 60min. The result of micro-hardness measurement showed that the micro-hardness of welded joints was maximum. Three kinds of intermetallic compounds, Mg2A13, MgAl and Mgl7Al12, formed at the interfacial transition zone at 470°C.
Analysis of Slip Induced One Dimensional MHD Flow between Parallel Plates
Authors: Ahmad Khurshid , Zhao Xue Zeng , Li Da Yong , Jing Da Lei , Pan Yun Lu
Published: August 2014

Fluid drag is an important phenomenon at solid-liquid interface. In nano/microfluidics, it has significant importance due to small surface to volume ratio. Slip at the interface is an important phenomenon which reduces the friction at the interface. In this study we have proposed a more general theoretical model for the slip induced magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow across parallel plates. We have analyzed the effect of slip parameter on the velocity and the flow rate across parallel plates. The effect of magnetic field on velocity and the flow rate has also been discussed. Our results show satisfactory agreement with the previously conducted experimental and analytical studies. In this paper, we have briefly discussed and compared the new model with the existing experimental and theoretical studies.
Degradation of Azo Dye Wastewater by UV/TiO2 Combined with an Ultrasonic Procedure
Authors: Hsieh Yung Hsu , Chang Chen Yu , Chen Min Wun , Shen Meng Kuan
Published: August 2014

The study combines the UV/TiO2 and an ultrasonic procedure to degrade the azo dye wastewater of Acid Yellow 17 and investigates the effects of various factors including the quantities of TiO2 and iron ions added on the efficiency of the removal of the azo dye wastewater of Acid Yellow 17. The experimental results reveal the a significant additive effects occurs through the combination of the two procedures under the 13 watts UV irradiations and 10 watts ultrasound. The analysis of the catalyst properties indicates that there are no evident changes of the appearance of the crystal and TiO2 catalyst when UV/TiO2 is combined with ultrasonic procedures. Since the formation of hydrogen peroxide (ND≦1 mg L-1) was not detected during the reactions, the additions of Fe (II) and Fe (III) are unable to induce the Fenton-like reaction effectively. Nevertheless, the additions of Fe ions significantly affect the degradation rate of the dye. Moreover, the effect of Fe (III) was found to be superior to that of Fe (II) under the same concentration.
Preparation of 3DON Li4Ti5O12 and Behavior of Li+ Ion Exchange
Authors: Dong Dian Quan , Wang Wei Xing , Wang Mi Lan
Published: August 2014

The three-dimensionally ordered nanopores 3DON lithium ionic sieve precursors Li4Ti5O12 were synthesized by homemade polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) colloidal crystal templates filled with lithium acetate, tetrabutyl titanate, oxalic acid and critric acid mixed solution after melt crystallization. The corresponding LiTi-H as a new lithium ion-sieve was obtained after the dilute hydrochloric acid treatment. The morphology and structure of the material were analyzed with SEM and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and saturated exchange capacity, adsorptive selectivity and reusability characterized the ion exchange properties. It turns out that PMMA colloidal crystal templates and 3DON precursors Li4Ti5O12 arranged orderly and macro pore diameter was approximately 80nm. What’s more, Li4Ti5O12 were spinel phase and lithium ionic sieve LiTi-H had a high selectivity for Li+, saturated exchange capacity for Li, 56.81mg (Li+).g-1 and good acid stability.
Synthesis and Properties of Environmentally Friendly Scale and Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Liu Zhen Fa , Bai Xue , Zhang Li Hui , Zhang Yan Liang
Published: August 2014

Polyaspartic acid (PASP) and a copolymer (AA) of acrylic acid and acrylicester were synthesized. A ternary composite (PASP-AA-DTPMP) was made from PASP, AA and DTPMP. The performances of ternary composite were studied by using static scale inhibition and weight loss of rotating hung steel slices test. When the concentration of ternary composite was 6mg/L, the scale inhibition rate reached 95% and the corrosion inhibition rate reached 97.9%. The results showed that the ternary composite had good scale and corrosion inhibiton performance and was suitable for high temperature and hardness circulating cooling water system.
Synthesis of Aqueous Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane
Authors: Zhang Wu Ying , Zhang Bao Hua
Published: August 2014

Cyclic carbonate emulsion was prepared by means of polymerization technology using DOMA (which was synthesized by glycidyl methacrylate and carbon dioxide) and acrylic monomers. Effect of temperature, amount of emulsifier, initiator, DOMA and acrylic acid on properties of the emulsion and the film were studied. It was found that with 4% emulsifier, of which the ratio of OP-10 and SDS was 2:1, and 0.4% initiator, 3.5% acrylic acid, 13.3% DOMA, the temperature was 78°C. Under this condition the performance was the best, and then the aqueous non-isocyanate polyurethane was synthesized by cyclic carbonate emulsion and diethylenetriamine as curing agent. The structure of emulsion and aqueous non-isocyanate polyurethane was characterized by FTIR.
The New Catalysts of Liquid-Phase Arenes Oxidation
Authors: Zheneta Tashmuhambetova , Valeriya Sokolova , Nazym Akhmetzhanova , Ermek Aubakirov
Published: August 2014

Work is devoted to the study of new catalysts on the basis of polymermetalyc complexes of transition metals in the oxidation of toluene. Catalytic agents on the basis of iron (III) complexes with the copolymer polietilenimin-polyacrylic acid put on a silicate substrate have been investigated. Special attention is paid to study influence of physical and chemical parameters on oxidation process, to fixing of kinetic and thermodynamic indexes of process.
Structure Studies on Order Assemblage of Manganese II Isovanillin Complexes
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhang Shan Shan , Song Da Jun , Yang Tian Zhu , Tian Hong Xiao , Gao Jian
Published: August 2014

The ManganeseII Isovanillin complex [Mn2(C8H7O3)4(H2O)2], Diaqua-tetra (isovanillinato-O,O')-bis (manganeseII),the MnII atom is coordinated by three isovanillinate anions and one water molecule in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration with five-coordinations geometry. And one isovanillinate ligand chelates to the MnII atom through its methyl and hydroxy O atoms, the other two isovanillinate ligand chelates to the MnII atom only through its hydroxy O atoms. The same as another MnII atom. So we get a Binuclear MnII metal complexe. The fact clearly suggests not so much significant contribution from the electrostatic interaction in the Mn-O bonding in Binuclear MnII metal complexes as we gotten in mononuclear MnII metal complexes. Adjacent complex link to each other via hydrogen bonds forming the three-dimensional supramolecular structure.
Characterization of Metallo-porphine Monolayer and Bilayer on Ag(111): Screening of Substrate Effects
Authors: Du Yu , Tian Xiao Qing , Xu Jian Bin
Published: August 2014

The structures and magnetic properties of monolayer and bilayer of transitional metallo-porphine (MP) species (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) on the Ag (111) substrate are investigated by DFT based first-principle method. The MP monolayer has a distortion about 10° towards the substrate due to strong interaction between adsorbed molecule and substrate. The molecule-substrate interaction could quench the magnetic moment of the adsorbed molecule. For MP bilayer adsorption on the Ag (111), the top layer remains its planar structure and magnetic moment due to the screening of substrate effects by bottom layer, meanwhile the bottom layer has strong structural distortions and obvious variations of magnetic moment.
Effect of Ball Grinding Time on the Particle Sizes of Tourmaline to the Release Ability of Negative Ions
Authors: Zhang Yu Lin , Gao Gui , Gou Xue Li , Xu Jia Hua , Liu Wen Juan , Liu Bin , Wang Hong Gang
Published: August 2014

To investigate the influence of the ball grinding time on the particle sizes of the negative ion powder and the release ability of negative ions for dental applications. Ethanol as a dispersant , steel ball as grinding media, the negative ion powder was grinded (4h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 22h) through the ultrasonic dispersion and ball milling and high-speed mixing process. Its crystal pattern, particle size and surface morphology were characterized by XRD, dynamic laser scattering instrument, SEM. The number of negative ion in different grinding time was tested by 3010-pro negative ion tester. With the increasing of the milling time, particle size of negative ion powder was gradually decreasing, after 22h, the particle size was 232nm, which was consistent with the results of electron microscope, but the number of negative ions was not significantly changed. Therefore, optimum utilization of the ultrasonic dispersion and ball milling and high-speed mixing technologies is necessary to most efficiently achieve stable dispersions with the target particle size characteristics.
Preparation of Liquid Fuels from Chark Chemical Tar
Authors: Nazym Smagulova , Zhaksyntay Kayrbekov , Akzhan Yesengeldieva
Published: August 2014

In the course of study the optimal conditions of conduction of the process are found. Optimal temperature for preparation of motor oils from chark chemical tar is 400 °С. On the increase of temperature from 350 °С to 400 °С the yield of liquid products on Mo-containing catalyst increases from 47,1 mass. % to 65.2 mass. % compared to the yield of liquid products obtained without the catalyst. The yield of gasoil fraction constitutes 15 mass. %. Optimal quantity of catalyst for preparation of liquid products from the tar is 0,05 mass. %. According to the results of study the catalytic effect of synthesized from emulsion catalyst appears at low concentration of molybdenum (0,05 mass.%). But the double increase of concentration of molybdenum weakly affects the improvement of indicators of the process.
Effect of Cerium Concentration on the Corrosion Resistance of Electro-Less Ni-P-PTFE Composite Coatings
Authors: Fu Chuan Qi , Yong Fan , Zhang Qing Le
Published: August 2014

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of electro-less Ni-P-PTFE composite coating, electro-less Ni-P-PTFE composite coatings were prepared on 45# carbon steels specimen with addition of rare element cerium (Ce). Surface morphology of the coatings was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Effect of cerium concentration on PTFE content of the coatings was investigated. The results indicated that properly added cerium into the bath increases the PTFE content of the coatings, decrease the corrosion rate, made the corrosion resistance improved of the coatings. And effect of cerium concentration on corrosion resistance of the composite coatings was evaluated by immersion test with 3.5% NaCl and 5% NaOH solutions respectively. With the rare element cerium concentration exceeding, the corrosion rate gradually increase. At the cerium concentration was 0.01 g.L-1, the corrosion rate of coating in the solutions were lowest, at 0.00186 mg·cm-2·h-1 and 0.00109 mg·cm-2· h-1. But with the cerium concentration go on increasing, the corrosion resistance of the coatings then decreases.
Cloning and Analysis of Vacuolar Invertase Gene (MeVINV2) Promoter from Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Liu Jiao , Hu Yan Ping , Xia Wen Rui , Yao Yuan , Zhou Yang , Fu Shao Ping , Duan Rui Jun , Li Rui Mei , Guo Jian Chun
Published: August 2014

Vacuolar invertases play a vital role in the progress of cassava tuber roots starch accumulation. In order to study the regulating mechanism of cassava vacuolar invertases, the promoter of cassava vacuolar invertase 2 (MeVINV2) was isolated using the PCR amplification approach, starting with a part of coding sequences. Sequencing result showed that 47 bp MeVINV2 gene CDS sequence and 1242 bp potential promoter sequence was obtained. PlantCARE analysis revealed that the MeVINV2 gene promoter contains typical eukaryotic elements CAAT box and TATA box, and also several light-responsive elements and stress-responsive elements. These cis-acting regulatory elements might be associated to the vacuolar invertase gene function of cassava starch accumulation and biological stress defense.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Beach Plum (Prunus maritima) under Salt Stress
Authors: Zai Xue Ming , Hao Zhen Ping , Wang Huan , Ji Yi Fan , Li Yu Ping
Published: August 2014

The effects of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus mosseae, Paraglomus occultum and Glomus etunicatum, on the growth and nutrient uptake of the Prunus maritima, cultured with or without NaCl, were evaluated. Plant biomass, AM colonization and spore density were also assessed. Salt stress adversely affected plant N, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn and Mn nutrient acquisition, except for Fe, resulting in an important reduction in shoot dry biomass. Inoculation of the AM fungus strongly promoted AM colonization and spore density, plant dry biomass, root/shoot dry weight ratio and nutrient uptake by P. maritima, regardless of salinity level. Among the three Glomus species, the total dry biomass of beach plum plants associated with G. mosseae and G. etunicatum was significantly higher than that of the control plants (48 and 43%, respectively), and so is the total leaf area (34 and 33 %, respectively). These findings suggest that inoculation with specific AMF therefore constituted an alternative method to relieve stress of soil salinization on beach plum.
A-MBED: Adaptive Markov Blanket Method for Epitasis Detection in Genome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Peng Tao , Wang Hao , Wang Yi Ran , Xie Wen Wen , Luo Jia Wei
Published: August 2014

With the completion of the international HapMap project and the development of high-throughput technologies, designing more effective epistasis detection algorithm for genome-wide data poses a significant challenge. This paper proposes a new method based on the Markov blanket to solve the limitations of the existing algorithm, such as a large false-positive proportion and low accuracy. The algorithm uses G2 to judge the strength of correlation between variables of self-adaptive remove strategy and SNP matching method; to effectively eliminate variables that are unrelated to the target, as well as weak correlation between variables; to significantly reduce the search space and time; to prevent unnecessary retrieval analysis; and to improve the accuracy of the detection algorithm to a certain extent.
Research on Immobilized Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria by Sodium Alginate
Authors: Dong Yu Wei , Miao Jing Zhi , Chen An Hui
Published: August 2014

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were immobilized by sodium alginate. Immobilized conditions and ammonium removal ability of immobilized cells were researched. The results showed that the optimal immobilized conditions were: 4.5% sodium alginate with 2.0% calcium chloride, 2000 immobilized balls, 1000mL immobilized medium, pH 8, 30°C, 110r/min. Immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were recycled six times under the optimal immobilized conditions. Immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria at the optimal conditions had better ammonium removal ability than non-immobilized ammonia-oxidizing and were good for preservation. Removal rate of ammonia nitrogen of immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria reached 89.51%.
Development and Application of a Novel Nucleic Amplification Kit on Detection of Several Pathogens
Authors: Deng Yang , Ji Li Li , Li Lin , Li Bing , Su Jian Yu
Published: August 2014

Escherichia coli O157, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria are important pathogens for human. With increased awareness in public health, development of a rapid, sensitive, cost-effective and easy-operating bacteriological detection is of the utmost importance and urgent necessity. In this study, we developed and applied a simple amplification kit based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods for rapid detection of various pathogens including Escherichia coli O157, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria, as well as related virulence. Nine targets, including rfbE (E. coli-specific), stx1 (coding for Shiga toxin 1), stx2 (coding for Shiga toxin 2), oprI (P. aeruginosa–specific), invA (Salmonella-specific), hlyA (Listeria-specific), tlh (coding for thermolable haemolysin), tdh (coding for thermostable direct haemolysin) and trh (coding for TDH-related haemolysin), were selected for identification for Escherichia coli O157, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria, as well as related virulence.. Six primers, including outer primers, inner primers and loop primers, were specially designed for recognizing eight distinct sequences on the targets. Three solutions labeled A, B and C was included in the kit. The experiment were carried out in a total of 25 μl reaction mixture: solution A containing 1.6 μM (each) of the primers FIP and BIP, 0.2 μM (each) of the primers F3 and B3, 0.8 μM (each) of primers LF and LB; solution B containing 1.6 mM of deoxynucleoside triphosphates, 6 mM MgSO4, 1 M betain (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1 X thermopol buffer (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA); solution C containing BST polymerase. Twenty-two reference strains, including various species of gram-negative and-positive isolates, were included in this study to evaluate and optimize LAMP assays. Application of the optimized LAMP assays was performed on a total of 200 strains (with 40 strains for each species of the pahtogens). The optimal reaction condition was found to be 65°C for 45 min. Application of the kit assays were performed on various types of pathogens, the sensitivity for the 9 targets was found to be 100%; with a 100% specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for all the 9 targets targets. In conclusion, the isothermal amplification kits were demonstrated to be useful and powerful tools for rapid differentiation of various pathogens (including Escherichia coli O157, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria), and undoubtedly, the rapidness, easiness and cost-effectiveness of LAMP assay will aid in the broad application of bacteriological detection of common pathogens.
Isolation and Identification of Antioxidant Peptides from Black Soybean Protein
Authors: Geng Zhong Hua , Liu En Qi , Zhang Jian Ping , Chen Shang Long , Li Yong , Wu Yong Hua
Published: August 2014

The aim of this work was to isolate and identify antioxidant peptides from black soybean protein hydrolysates (BSH) by using the ultrafiltration (UF) and macroporous adsorption resin (MAR), and the fraction BSP-DA-c performed high antioxidant activity was further purified using consecutive methods on Sephadex G-25 column and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RH-HPLC). Two highly purified antioxidant peptides SBP3 and BSPb were got, and their amino acid sequences were confirmed as Trp-Asn-Pro and Tyr-Asn-Ile by automated Edman degradation with a protein sequencer, respectively.
Purification and Characterization of an Extracellular Cold-Active Protease Produced by the Psychrotrophic Bacterium serratia Sp. WJ39
Authors: Ji Xiu Ling , Taj Muhammad Kamran , Lu Xiao Bo , Lin Lian Bing , Zhang Qi , Wei Yun Lin
Published: August 2014

Proteases have diverse applications in a wide variety of industries, such as in detergent, leather, food, pharmaceutical and silk. The extracellular cold-active protease was purified from the psychrotrophic bacterium Serratia sp. WJ39 from a meat factory. The protease was cold-active with a molecular mass of 47.6 kDa estimated on SDS-PAGE. It showed an optimal activity at pH of 8 and was stable at pH 6 to 10, while its optimal temperature was 37°C and it was stable at 0-25°C, even remained 35% residual activity at 0°C. The protease was totally inhibited by PMSF which was telling that the purified enzyme was a serine protease. The properties like moderate thermostability, activity in a broad pH range and resistance to metal ions make this enzyme a suitable candidate for the possible use in food and leather industry.
Fabrication of Cell Outer Membrane Mimetic Surfaces on Chitosan Nanoparticles by Polyionic Complex and Template Polymerization
Authors: Gong Ming , Li Zhu Feng , Wang Qi , Sheng Kai Li , Wang Xiao Qin , Gong Yong Kuan
Published: August 2014

The polyanion of copolymer poly (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-methacrylic acid) (PMA30) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and methacrylic acid (MA). The synthesized PMA30 was assembled on chitosan (CS) surfaces formation of chitosan nanoparticles by polyionic complex. The chitosan nanoparticle was prepared using methacrylic acid (MA), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) by template polymerization. The size distribution and structure properties of chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and zeta potential. These results show that a cell outer membrane mimetic surface was formed on the chitosan nanoparticles, which provides an effective way to improve the biocompatibility of chitosan nanoparticles.
Effect of Zinc on Seed Germination, Coleoptile Growth and Root Elongation of Six Pulses
Authors: Tao Ling , Guo Mei Ying , Xu Dan , Ren Jun
Published: August 2014

The ecotoxicological effects of Zn2+ on germination and early seedling growth of six pulses were investigated. Seeds of these plants were exposed to seven different concentrations of Zn (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mM). The results indicated that root growth and shoot elongation of six pulse plants were more sensitive than seed germination and dry weight for measurement of the toxic of Zn2+ pollutions. Different species show different levels of tolerance to Zn2+ pollution. Vigna radiate and Lathyrus odoratus are the most sensitive to Zn2+, their germination percentage, root growth, shoot elongation and dry weight were significantly lower than other tested species, by contrast, Glycine max and Dumasia villosa are the most resist species, their germination and seedling growth almost were not influenced by Zn2+ pollution significantly comparing the control. There were significantly negatively correlations between seedling growth and increasing concentration of Zn2+ for Glycine max, Lathyrus odoratus and Dumasia villosa. The significantly negative correlations between germination and increasing concentration of Zn2+ were show for Lathyrus odoratus.
Chemical Constituents from the Root and Stem of Zanthoxylum avicennae
Authors: Guo Tao , Tang Xiao Feng , Zhang Ju Bao , Wei Jun Qing , Wang Ya , Li Yong Hui , Zhang Zhen
Published: August 2014

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the root and stem of Zanthoxylum avicennae. Method: The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. Result: Fourteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract and identified as Avicennin (1), Xanthoxyletin (2), Luvangetin (3), Norchelerythrine (4), Diisobutyl phthalate (5), β-amyrin (6), Lupeol (7), Chelerythrine (8), Dictamine (9), γ-fagarine (10) and Skimmianine (11), Sesamin (12) Syringaresinol (13) and P-hydroxybenzoic acid (14). Conclusion: The compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12 and 14 were obtained from this plant for the first time.