bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study in character education management models in Indonesia and India
Authors: Yuliana Lia , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Mehta Kunal
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research is to find out: 1) Character education management models in Indonesia and India: Comparative Study at UNY and LR DAV College Jagraon India, 2) effectiveness of Character education management models in Indonesia and India: Comparative Study at UNY and LR DAV College Jagraon India. The method of this research was qualitative research and used a comparative study design approach. This research's most appropriate strategy was embedded research (stuck research) because the research has been planned in detail in the proposal before the researchers plunged into the field. The steps used were: 1) collecting source through multi-technique); 2) reducing data to simplify and categorizing data; 3) presenting data in the form of qualitative description; 4) drawing conclusions and 5) preparing research reports and formulating recommendations comparison research results. The research results show that the character education management model in Indonesia and India is almost the same. Whereas in Indonesia, it focuses more on religious and general characters, it is more on developing religious character in India. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of character education from Indonesia and India has been achieved by shaping students' character and other components, both for lecturers and education staff. Meanwhile, in India, public awareness and educators of the importance of education.
Work ethics profile of vocational college students in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Yohana Ika Harnita , Soelistiyowati Endang , Yuanti Erlin Estiana
Published: January 2021

This study aims at describing work ethics profile of Vocational College Students in Indonesia. Work ethics is an important indicator of human resources quality that must be owned by students of Vocational College as working-age population. There are four main dimensions in work ethics, namely commitment, integrity, professional attitudes, and hard work.  It is a descriptive research on self-evaluation survey. It uses Likert scale with 5 response options, ranging from 1 (never) to  5 (always). The respondents were determined using cluster sampling and convenience sampling. They are from four vocational educational institutions based on the three regions in Indonesia; College A (representing Western Indonesia colleges), College B and C (from Middle Indonesia), and also College D (in Eastern Indonesia).  This geographical perspective is used to get profile of Vocational College students’ work ethics regionally and nationally. The study concludes that there is no major difference among the self-evaluation results of work ethics in Western Indonesia, Middle Indonesia, and Eastern Indonesia (the mean scores of the four dimensions in four colleges which ranges from 3.89  to 4.54). The study concludes that integrity is in the highest rank among other dimensions. The one that takes place in the second position is commitment, except the one in College C. It is consecutively followed by being professional (except College C since its being professional is in the second place). The last is hard work. This profile signals positive support towards the demographic dividend for the development of the country.
Developing robot transporter learning media to learn microcontroller
Authors: Buditjahjanto I Gusti Putu Asto , Rizqi Chandra Ainur , Suprianto Bambang
Published: January 2021

Learning media play a role in bridging the interaction between the teacher and students so that students can capture the material delivered more efficiently. The robot transporter is an alternative media that needs to be developed because the use of learning media at the Al Kholiliyah Vocational High School in Bangkalan, Indonesia is still very lack. The study is aimed to analyze the validity of robot transporter as learning media, to analyze the validity of the learning plan (syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheet)  of robot transporter learning media and to analyze the student response of the usage robot transporter learning media. Regarding the validation results of the robot transporter learning media, the value of the validity is 3.89 with categorized as very valid. The validity of the syllabus is 3.78 with categorized as very valid, the validity of the lesson plan is 3.88 with categorized as very valid, and the validity of the student worksheets is 3.89 categorized as very valid. The results of student response show that from 30 questions for the students there are two responses with the category are Strongly Agree and 28 responses with the category are Agree. Thus it can be concluded that robot transporter learning media can be used in teaching and learning at a Vocational High School.
The evaluation of Heathy School Program at junior high school receiving the National Adiwiyata
Authors: Nurmansah Rifai , Retnowati Trie Hartiti
Published: January 2021

The aimed of this research is to evaluate healthy school program at SMP N 2 Kalasan. A healthy school program are program issued by the ministry of education and culture. This program focuses on how schools are to develop a school movement that is healthy, safe, child-friendly and fun. In this study used the CIPP evaluation model, where the focus of the research is on the context, input, process, products of healthy school programs. The technique of collected data used observation, interviews and documentation studies. While for data validity used triangulation and data analysis techniques based on Miles and Bubberman models that used 4 steps, namely: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, data verification. The results showed: 1) from the aspect of context, the healthy school program at SMP N 2 Kalasan was a school appointed by the government because it was considered capable and appropriate, and have become an example of Adiwiyata Schools in Sleman districts and won the national level Adiwiyata School program; 2) from the aspect of input, the design of a healthy school program is able to answer problems related to the input of students who have different healthy life habits; 3) from the aspect of the process, the healthy school program has been implemented properly, but is constrained by funds and revitalization of facilities and infrastructure because it only uses independent funds from the school; 4) and from the aspect of the product, the healthy school program at SMP N 2 Kalasan has proceeded according to its objectives and has the right to continue the program, but with a note that there are still aspects to improvement.
Developing the teacher's social competency assessment instrument in the fourth industrial revolution era
Authors: Rusijono Rusijono , Jaedun Amat , Kartowagiran Badrun , Ahman Ahman , Laliyo Lukman A. R. , Mam Socheath
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the study was to develop instruments for measuring the social competence of teacher candidates in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. The instrument was developed by referring to Indonesia Constitution Number 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers, Ministry of National Education (MONE) Regulation Number 16 of 2007, with the strengthened special competence of teacher’ candidates in the I.R. 4.0 era, were the top ten relevant skills. The instrument development was carried out with the following steps: (1) developing instrument constructs, (2) developing instrument blueprint, (3) instrument item writing, (4) instrument review, (5) instrument revision, (6) limited testing of instruments. The limited instrument testing was carried out with as many as 107 test subjects for 6th semester undergraduate education at UNY, consisting of three study programs, namely Mathematics Education, Indonesian Language Education, and English Language Education study programs. Data analysis to determine content validity was carried out based on Aiken's V coefficient, construct validity analysis was carried out with CFA, and reliability estimates were based on the Cronbach Alpha formula. The results of the analysis of the content validity of 30 instruments by seven experts, obtained the Aiken V index between 0.61 - 0.93, with 29 items valid, and one item invalid. The results of construct validity analysis with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed 25 valid items and five invalid items, with a KMO value of 0.504, while the significance of the Bartlett's Test was p = 0,000. Meanwhile, confirmatory factor analysis showed a fit model, with Chi-Square value = 290.35; p = 0.18; RMSEA = 0.00; GFI = 0.83; SRMR = 0.083; AGFI = 0.80; CFI = 0.86; RFI = 0.28. The reliability results show that the Cronbach Alpha coefficient is 0.40. This results shows that the social competency assessment instruments for teachers’ candidates in the I.R. 4.0 era have been developed is feasible to use, with some revisions.
Using network analysis for rapid, transparent, and rigorous thematic analysis: A case study of online distance learning
Authors: Kristanto Yosep Dwi , Padmi Russasmita Sri
Published: January 2021

In thematic analysis, themes construction can be performed manually by the researcher or automatically by a computer. Both methods have strengths and weaknesses. This article introduces a strategy that involves the role of both researcher and computer to construct themes from qualitative data in a rapid, transparent, and rigorous manner. The strategy makes use of network analysis and is demonstrated by employing a case study on students’ perceptions of online distance learning they experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The themes-construction strategy consists of four systematic phases, namely (1) determining unit of analysis and coding; (2) constructing the code co-occurrence matrix; (3) conducting network analysis; and (4) generating, reviewing, and reporting the themes. The strategy is successfully demonstrated in generating themes from the data with modularity value Q = 0.34. The application of network analysis in this strategy allows researchers to automatically generate themes from qualitative data using mathematical algorithms, represent these themes visually using network graph, and interpret the themes to answer the research questions.
Performance differences by gender in English reading test
Authors: Danuwijaya Ari Arifin , Roebianto Adiyo
Published: January 2021

Test fairness becomes an aspect that needs to be considered when developing a test instrument. It is highly recommended that the instrument should not be biased for the test takers, by ensuring that the items do not behave differently among male and female test-takers. This study aims to examine the extent to which the items in an English proficiency test function differently across gender. Fifty reading items were examined and analysed using a statistical method for detecting DIF. The items were individually tested for gender DIF using Rasch model analysis with the analysis tool of ConQuest. The results showed that six items were detected for DIF, three of which were basic comprehension items, and the other three were vocabulary questions. Some possible ways of dealing with DIF items were also discussed.
Keefektifan pembelajaran matematika realistik ditinjau dari kemampuan pemodelan matematika dan prestasi belajar
Authors: Rahmad Eki , Wijaya Ariyadi
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji perbedaan keefektifan antara pembelajaran mate­matika realistik dan pembelajaran ekspositori ditinjau dari kemampuan pemodelan matematika dan prestasi belajar siswa SMP. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi-experiment menggunakan pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta yang terdiri atas 10 kelas dan dipilih secara acak dua kelas yaitu siswa kelas VIII C (kelas eksperimen, n = 33) dan siswa kelas VIII F (kelas kontrol, n = 33) sebagai sampel penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes uraian untuk mengukur kemampuan pemodelan matematika dan tes pilihan ganda untuk mengukur prestasi belajar siswa. Uji statistik menggunakan analisis multivariat Hotelling’s Trace pada taraf signifikansi 5% dilakukan untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bah­wa pembelajaran matematika realistik lebih baik dari pembelajaran ekspositori ditinjau dari kemampuan pemodelan matematika dan prestasi belajar siswa.Effectivity of realistic mathematics education viewed from mathematics modelling competence and learning achievementAbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the difference in effectiveness between realistic mathematics education and expository learning viewed from mathematical modelling compe­tence and achievement of junior high school students. This study was quasi-experiment research with the pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. This study's population was the 8th-grade students of SMP Negeri 15 (junior high school) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, consisting of ten classes. The sample in this study was the students of class VIII C (experiment group, n = 33) and VIII F (control group, n = 33) selected randomly. In this study, the instruments used were essay questions to measure mathematics modelling competence and multiple-choice questions to measure learning achievement. Statistical test using the Manova with the Hotelling's Trace test at a significance level of 5% was conducted to examine the hypothesis. The results showed that realistic mathematics education was better than expository learning viewed from students' ma­thematics modelling competence and learning achievement.
Analisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita program linear berdasarkan Newman’s error analysis
Authors: Suratih Suratih , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita program linear. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas XI SMAN 5 Kota Serang (n = 30). Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes tertulis dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam analisis ini, kesalahan siswa dikategorikan berdasarkan Newman’s Error Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak siswa yang melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita program linear. Kesalahan yang paling banyak terjadi adalah kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir, sedangkan kesalahan yang paling sedikit terjadi adalah kesalahan transformasi. Kesalahan membaca terjadi karena siswa tidak mampu memaknai kalimat dengan tepat dan tidak mampu menemukan kata kunci atau informasi dalam soal. Kesalahan memahami soal terjadi karena siswa keliru dalam menuliskan apa yang diketahui dan ditanyakan dalam soal. Kesalahan transformasi terjadi karena siswa tidak mampu mentransformasikan masalah ke dalam model matematika dan tidak teliti dalam melakukan operasi matematika. Kesalahan keterampilan proses terjadi karena siswa mengalami kesalahan prosedur seperti salah dalam menulis fungsi tujuan yang akan dicapai dan tidak dapat memproses lebih lanjut solusi dari penyelesaian soal. Kesalahan penulisan jawaban terjadi karena banyak siswa yang tidak menuliskan kesimpulan, menuliskan kesimpulan tetapi tidak tepat, serta menuliskan kesimpulan yang salah. Analysis of students' errors in solving word problems of the linear program based on Newman's error analysisAbstractThis study aimed to describe students’ errors in solving word problems of the linear program. This study’s subjects were students of grade-eleventh (n = 30) SMAN 5 (Senior High School) in Serang City, Indonesia. Data collection using written the test and documentation. Data analysis using qualitative descriptive analysis. In this analysis, students' errors were categorized based on Newman's Error Analysis. The results showed that many students made errors in solving word problems of the linear program. The most common error was writing the final answer, while the error that occurs the least was the transformation error. Reading errors occur because students could not interpret sentences correctly and could not found keywords or information in the problems. Errors in understanding the problems occur because students made errors in writing what they know and were asked in the problems. Transformation errors occur because students could not transform problems into mathematical models and were not careful in performing mathematical operations. Process skill errors occur because students experienced procedural errors such as incorrectly writing the objective function to be achieved and could not do the next process to find a solution to the problems. Errors in writing answers occur because many students did not write conclusions, write inaccurate conclusions, and write wrong conclusions.
Pembelajaran hubungan antar sudut menggunakan model pembelajaran guided inquiry
Authors: Pertiwi Sundari Gita , Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra
Published: January 2021

Materi geometri merupakan materi yang penting untuk dipelajari karena berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari dan sebagai materi dasar pendukung penguasaan materi matematika yang lain. Namun, materi geometri, khususnya materi hubungan antar sudut, masih dianggap sulit dipahami oleh siswa. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu model pembelajaran yang interaktif dan dapat menuntun siswa menemukan sendiri konsep yang dipelajari untuk mengembangkan pemahaman mereka. Salah satu model pembelajaran alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah model guided inquiry atau penyelidikan terbimbing yang mana siswa adalah pusat pembelajaran dan guru hanya sebagai fasilitator dan motivator siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan proses belajar menggunakan model guided inquiry. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMPN 3 Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dengan subyek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas VII (n = 32). Data penelitian dikumpulkan dalam bentuk rekaman audio dan video, foto, dan lembar aktivitas siswa. Data dianalisis dengan cara mereduksi, menampilkan, dan menyimpulkan data, setelah itu ditulis dalam bentuk narasi deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi model guided inquiry dalam pembelajaran hubungan antar sudut yang terdiri dari tiga pertemuan dengan beberapa aktivitas pembelajaran mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran yang baik. Inter-angular relationship learning using a guided inquiry learning modelAbstractGeometry is one of the essential materials to study because it is related to everyday life and raw material to support other mathematical materials’ mastery. However, the material of geometry, especially the material on the relationship between angles, was still considered difficult by students. Several factors affect student learning difficulties, one of which is using conventional learning models by teachers. Therefore, we need a learning model that is more interactive and can guide students to find their concepts. One alternative learning model that can be used is the guided inquiry or guided discovery model. The student is the center of learning, and the teacher is only the student’s facilitator and motivator. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to describe the learning process using a guided inquiry model. The research was conducted at SMPN 3 Bantul (Junior High School), Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the research subjects, namely, grade-seventh students (n = 32). The research data were collected in the form of audio and video recordings, photos, and student activity sheets. The data were analyzed by reducing, presenting, and concluding, then it was written in the form of a descriptive narrative. The results showed that implementing the guided inquiry model in inter-angular relationship learning to consist of three meetings with several learning activities described an excellent learning process.
Key Population Hotspots in Nigeria for Targeted HIV Program Planning: Mapping, Validation, and Reconciliation
Authors: Lo Julia , Nwafor Samuel U , Schwitters Amee M , Mitchell Andrew , Sebastian Victor , Stafford Kristen A , Ezirim Idoteyin , Charurat Man , McIntyre Anne F
Published: January 2021

Background

With the fourth highest HIV burden globally, Nigeria is characterized as having a mixed HIV epidemic with high HIV prevalence among key populations, including female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs. Reliable and accurate mapping of key population hotspots is necessary for strategic placement of services and allocation of limited resources for targeted interventions.

Objective

We aimed to map and develop a profile for the hotspots of female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs in 7 states of Nigeria to inform HIV prevention and service programs and in preparation for a multiple-source capture-recapture population size estimation effort.

Methods

In August 2018, 261 trained data collectors from 36 key population–led community-based organizations mapped, validated, and profiled hotspots identified during the formative assessment in 7 priority states in Nigeria designated by the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. Hotspots were defined as physical venues wherein key population members frequent to socialize, seek clients, or engage in key population–defining behaviors. Hotspots were visited by data collectors, and each hotspot’s name, local government area, address, type, geographic coordinates, peak times of activity, and estimated number of key population members was recorded. The number of key population hotspots per local government area was tabulated from the final list of hotspots.

Results

A total of 13,899 key population hotspots were identified and mapped in the 7 states, that is, 1297 in Akwa Ibom, 1714 in Benue, 2666 in Cross River, 2974 in Lagos, 1550 in Nasarawa, 2494 in Rivers, and 1204 in Federal Capital Territory. The most common hotspots were those frequented by female sex workers (9593/13,899, 69.0%), followed by people who inject drugs (2729/13,899, 19.6%) and men who have sex with men (1577/13,899, 11.3%). Although hotspots were identified in all local government areas visited, more hotspots were found in metropolitan local government areas and state capitals.

Conclusions

The number of key population hotspots identified in this study is more than that previously reported in similar studies in Nigeria. Close collaboration with key population–led community-based organizations facilitated identification of many new and previously undocumented key population hotspots in the 7 states. The smaller number of hotspots of men who have sex with men than that of female sex workers and that of people who inject drugs may reflect the social pressure and stigma faced by this population since the enforcement of the 2014 Same Sex Marriage (Prohibition) Act, which prohibits engaging in intimate same-sex relationships, organizing meetings of gays, or patronizing gay businesses.
Scientific Prediction of the Covid-19 Pandemic and What Should Society Do?
Authors: Liberty Iche Andriyani , Fadilah Mariatul , Josef Hari Kusnanto
Published: January 2021

What is the scientific prediction for the Covid-19 pandemic? Currently, as of April 8, the world’s confirmed cases have over 1.2 million, the death of more than 72 thousand. For Indonesia,  today  2,738  confirmed cases,  221  deaths,  and those who recovered 204.1-3. The update on April 8 today, WHO itself estimates that the Covid-19 Contagion Rate is 1.4 to 2.5. This will form the basis of predictive modeling. Several studies conducted show that currently the basic reproduction number or  R0  of  Covid-19  is higher than SARS.  Initially in the range of  2-3  or an average of  2.5, currently R0 is 1.4 - 6.9. This is what will form the basis of modeling. R0 or the basic reproduction number shows how many people a person can become infected with.  If the R0 is more than 1, we are in an epidemic status as it is today, R0 = 1 endemic, and our R0 is less than 1 we have eradicated. R0 itself consists of three components, namely p: transmission, c: number of contact, and D which is the duration of the infection itself. These calculations are the main points in modeling.
Concept of Primary Care Clinic Facilities and Management in the New Era of Covid-19
Authors: Pakasi Trevino A , Trisna Dhanasari Vidawati , Pakasi Levina Stephanie
Published: January 2021

This is a concept paper of how a primary clinic should be managed in the new normal era, facing the pandemic of Covid-19, but also the possible pandemic in the future. We proposed how to manage the clinic based on several findings regarding epidemiology, virus transmission, and many other best practices to reduce contact but maintaining the service through an online connection. We also highlighted the recommended use for indoor air quality management, which is the use of a HEPA filter. Other devices may be used but in special precaution.
Preface
Authors: Kusnanto Hari
Published: January 2021

The Roles of Primary Care Services in the Midst of Covid-19 PandemicsIt is generally understood that the majority of health problems could be solved in primary care settings. Pandemics due to Covid-19 brings about more complexities in primary care services. Health care workers should protect themselves by minimizing physical contacts with patients and coworkers. A frequent option now is teleconsultation or remote consultation, typically using internet. Teleconsultation is asynchronous or synchronous consultation using information and communication technology, mainly for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Factors Affecting Consumer Satisfaction to Online Shopping
Authors: Santos Kim Edward S. , R. Santos Angelo
Published: January 2021

Most companies are expanding their network through an online platform. Under various scenarios (e.g. pandemic situations), market vendors should be versatile and adaptable to different types of distribution channels. This paper described the factors affecting consumer satisfaction to online shopping such as reliability and responsiveness, assurance and empathy, and tangibility. This paper determined the significant difference between the sex of respondents and the factors affecting consumer satisfaction to online shopping. This paper used a descriptive method, a total of 487 online consumers (219 Male and 268 Female) within Cabanatuan City were involved in this study using adopted questionnaire with adopted likert-scale responses. Based on the gathered data, the researchers drew four conclusions. First, the respondents have a strong degree of confidence in their respective website/application for online shopping. Hence, it is recommended that owners of online shopping website/application should work on improving their order cancelation and returns. Second, the respondents trusted online shopping websites/applications because of their marketing tactics, such as word of mouth, to boost their credibility. Hence, it is highly suggested that the owners of online shopping website/application should track the problems involving product delivery. Third, respondents have been literate in using and searching online shopping websites/applications. Hence, it is recommended that the owners of the online shopping website/application continuously improve their system to keep their consumers satisfied. Finally, the null hypothesis is retained. It implies that sex does not affect the consumer satisfaction to online shopping factors. Thus, it is suggested to look for other variables that may affect consumer satisfaction.
Staff Policy in the Soviet Nuclear Project
Authors: Mel'nikova Natal'ya
Published: January 2021

The nuclear project greatly influenced the history of Russia. The nuclear industry, emerged as a result of the project implementation, has accumulated enormous expertise of successfully solving serious scientific and industrial challenges in the shortest possible time and with the most efficient concentration of financial, material and labour resources. However, the study materials of quite an extensive history of the project never addressed the human resources. Until recently, matters of staff were considered secondary to the most studied scientific, technical, military and strategic factors of the project. The disproportion explains why the author addres­ses the topic of staff and staff policy in nuclear industry.

Chronological work is devoted to the period between 1942, when the order of the State Defence Committee “On the Organization of Work with Uranium” was adopted, giving rise to the project, and the end of the 1950s, when the main results were achieved in key areas of state policy in the field of nuclear weapons development. The author studies the evolution of staff policy of the project, i.e. methods, principles, problems and achievements of “nuclear” recruitment. The article shows originality of social and demographic quantity and quality of the staff.

The social group formed as a result of external management is suggested to be considered as a special social professional and territorial community of corporate type. The author describes the characteristics of the community, the specific features of its organization and existence.
“Trench Viewpoint”: Wartime Letters as the Object of Scientific Conceptualization in Linguistic Personology
Authors: Logunova Nataliya , Mazitova Larisa
Published: January 2021

Based on the regional archival materials (private letters of nine veterans of World War II), the article discovers approaches to scientific description of external parameters of epistolary texts. Since analysed letters are written by privates and junior officers, the narrative represents the “trench viewpoint”. External parameters of epistolary texts include various information: they capture the spirit of the period, describe some details of front life, reveal the level of culture of gene­ral and written speech, and in some cases reflect the psychological traits and mental state of the sen­der. The description of external features of epistolary texts lays a foundation for further analysis of their content, being an integral part of the linguistic and personological method of portraying a linguistic personality. The method is aimed at solving the issues of military and historical anthropology, as it allows to identify the factors that are important for recreating the multidimensional image of the sender in the severe environment of wartime reality.
Correspondence between Ivan Aksakov and his Wife as a Source for the Study of Conservative Ideas in the Second Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Vihrova Nina
Published: January 2021

The article provides a characteristic of the archive of letters between Ivan Aksakov and wife. It also analyses main aspects of valuable content of the correspondence. Anna Aksakova, the eldest daughter of Fyodor Tyutchev, was talented and well-educated. The woman not only loved and married Ivan Aksakov, she was his soulmate and committed interlocutor. In their letters Ivan Aksakov and wife mention a number of Russian intellectuals of the second half of the 19th century: writers, poets, servicemen, philosophers, historians and religious figures, representatives of the imperial house and ministers, diplomats, family members of relatives and close acquaintances. Religious, historical, political, aesthetic and other matters discussed in the correspondence are not only an important source for the study of social, literary and domestic environment of reformation period and, specifically, the works of Ivan Aksakov. They also allow to clarify conservative standpoint of certain Russian intellectuals in the second half of the 19th century.
Two Palaces by Bartolomeo F. Rastrelli According to Drafts from Friedrich Bergholtz collection, Stockholm National Museum
Authors: Vyatchanina Tat'yana , Smirnov Georgiy
Published: January 2021

The article includes the description and analysis of 12 sheets from Bergholtz collection de­dicated to two Courland palaces of Duke Ernst Johann von Biron in Mitau and Ruhenthal (nowadays, Latvia — Jelgava and Rundāle, respectively). Designed by Bartolomeo F. Rastrelli, the palaces belong to the finest works of the Russian Baroque architecture of the 1730s. The findings of the study reveal that 7 sheets illustrating the design and the façade of the Ruhenthal palace are practically an exact copy of the original project stored in the collection of the Albertina Museum in Vienna. Two out of five drafts of Mitau palace are also a copy of Viennese drafts, while three sheets of five are a copy of completed projects. Therefore, the most valuable items of Bergholtz collection are three architectural drafts of the façade and lay-outs of two floors of Mitau palace — the only copies of the completed Rastrelli’s project known to science; the original copies are yet to be discovered.
Neuropsychological Aspects of Dysorthography
Authors: Bizyuk Aleksandr , Kac Ekaterina , Kolosova Tat'yana , Sorokin Viktor
Published: January 2021

The article covers the findings of the comparative combined neuropsychological and logopedic study of 150 comprehensive school children studying in the third grade. Some of the children experienced persistent difficulties in acquiring orthography skills. To determine to what extent spelling errors are attributed to ill-formed morphofunctional cerebral systems the authors ado­pted several forms of statistical analysis. It was discovered that a number of aspects of brain function, as well as the range of functional indicators correlating with spelling errors, differ in children with higher and lower level of orthography (spelling) competence, difference being especially evident in boys. All types of spelling errors demonstrated correlation with decreased level of program activity organization.
Archeological Studies in Dargavs Basin in the Context of Studying the Population of the Central Caucasus in the 8th–10th Centuries
Authors: Uspenskiy Pavel , Albegova (Tsarikaeva) Zarina , Svirkina Nataliya
Published: January 2021

The paper is focused on the findings of archeological studies in the medieval Dargavs burial site (dated 7th – early 8th centuries), located in the mountain area of the Republic of North Ossetia (Alania). The paper summarizes general results of comprehensive studies of two catacomb burials dated the second half of the 8th – 9th century. The study investigates the type of the discovered burial construction, timeline of the burials. The results of the anthropological analysis of ancient people and evaluation of the significance of the Dargavs necropolis in the system of antiquities of Alanian medieval culture of the Central Caucasus are given in the paper.
Emissaries of the Pope in the Mongol Empire
Authors: Trepavlov Vadim , Gorskiy Anton
Published: January 2021

The letter by the emissary of Pope Innocent IV in the Mongol Empire, Franciscan votary, John of Plano Carpini, Ystoria Mongalorum — “History of the Mongols” is one of the most renowned written records of the European writing of the 13th century. The letter is a report of the mission between 1245 and 1247, when John of Plano Carpini et al visited Batu Khan bases on the Volga and bases of Güyük Khan (supreme khan) in Mongolia. The project provides for publishing an extensive version of the “History of the Mongols” based on two best list of works: Wolfenbüttel and Cambridge. Unlike the Italian edition of 1989, where the text is reconstructed based on both lists, this publication is prepared according to the Russian tradition of archeography: one of the lists serves as the basis, while the other one is used in versions.

The book by John of Plano Carpini includes unique information on the Mongol Empire, its structure, mechanism of control, army, and law. The book offers extensive information on customs and lifestyle of the Mongols and the many Eurasian peoples they conquered. Ystoria Mongalorum is a precious source on the history of Rus’ in the first years following Batu Khan invasion. Unlike the previous editions of the paper, the new one will include detailed commentaries explaining the realia, figures, toponyms, ethnonyms, etc. that appear in the text.
Diplomatic Activity of Peter the Great and the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Bazarova Tat'yana
Published: January 2021

The diplomatic activity of Peter the Great covered the relations between Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the context of the Great Northern War. The main task of the Russian delegates at Sublime Porte was to maintain peace between the two powers. Diplomatic contacts between Russia and the Ottoman Empire became regular. Under the Treaty of Constantinople (1700) the tsar was allowed to delegate an ambassador to Istanbul residence. The ambassador Pyotr Tolstoy (1702–1710) and the resident Ivan Neplyuyev (1721–1735) remained at Sublime Porte as regular delegates of Peter the Great. After analyzing the records and papers of Posolsky Prikaz (the Ambassadorial Department) and the Collegium of Foreign Affairs, we have managed to establish members of all embassies sent by Peter the Great to Istanbul, as well as to discover tasks set before ambassadors and their solutions, and learn more about the life of ambassadors at the Ottoman court. In the Petrine period, the Russian delegates in Istanbul became full members of the European diplomatic corps.
Classic Author of the Russian Philosophy
Authors: Lektorskiy Vladislav
Published: January 2021

Evald Vasilievich Ilyenkov (1924–1979) takes special place in the Russian philosophy: he largely influenced the character of the movement, which may be regarded as “philosophical Renaissance” of the second half of the 20th century originating in our country. Evald introduced a number of ideas that were ahead of their time and could only be truly appreciated nowadays. In particular, it concerns the understanding of how to ascend from the abstract to the concrete when building a scientific theory. In his understanding of the problem of the ideal, Evald Ilyenkov anticipated the central problem of the modern complex of cognitive sciences: “enactivistic” approach and the idea of “broadened cognition”.

The objective of the study was to introduce a number of previously unknown texts of the 60s and the 70s by Evald Ilyenkov into scientific circulation, as well as to provide extensive commentaries thereto, develop references, and describe the social and political context of the philosopher’s work. To do so, the author uses materials of personal, public and academic archives. During Evald Ilyenkov’s lifetime, his works were severely edited, censored and abridged; the goal of the study was to restore the original version of the works and publish manuscripts that had never been released in the Soviet times. By the end of 2020, four volumes of Evald Ilyenkov’s collected works have been published. The publisher brings these works to the new level, setting a high standard of translation and studies of the philosopher’s global heritage.
Prospects of Civic Society Development in Russia
Authors: Levashov Viktor
Published: January 2021

Russia’s reunification with the Crimea, counter-sanction policy, practices of the Russian state and civil society, as well as scientific and technological and social and economic breakthrough actively attempted in the country are the key events and drivers determining the social and political environment and the nearest future of the Russian society. Russian civil society and the rule of law continue its steady growth despite adverse global social and economic and social and political environment. The key result of such growth is the pivot of the crisis trend as well as a dynamic balance of social and political relations between the Russian state and society. In general, the civil society offers a fairly sufficient level of trust to the government institutions. The trust level is to be enhanced and consolidated in the nearest future. The success of Russian politics shall depend on minimizing external threats and challenges and on meeting internal fundamental interests and urgent needs of citizens with respect to security and improvement of life quality.
Five Times William Du Bois Travelled to the USSR
Authors: Panova Ol'ga
Published: January 2021

Soviet contacts with African-American authors are an important part of both Soviet-Ame­rican literary contacts and African-American literature history. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868–1963), the most prominent African-American thinker, writer, public figure of the 20th century, occupies a special place. He travelled to the USSR five times (1926, 1936, 1949, 1958–1959, 1962) and had repeatedly addressed the subject of Russia and the USSR in his letters, essays, and fiction.

The incentive for Du Bois’ first visit to the USSR was his interest in the Revolution of 1917 and the Russian social experiment, namely, the solution to the race and ethnicity problem. The following visits allow tracing not only the evolution of Du Bois’ viewpoint (which became increasingly leftist), but also the development of his public and literary reputation in the Soviet Union — from wariness (for Du Bois being a liberal and unreliable associate) to honoring him as a major African-American classic and a great friend of the USSR. The fact that William Du Bois had joined the US Communist Party six month before his death and his relocation from the US to Ghana finalized the Soviet idealistic attitude towards the writer’s life. The essence of Du Bois’ journey was perceived as a gradual transition from errors and misconceptions to a more complete acceptance of Marxism-Leninism.
Análisis de la migración venezolana en la ciudad de Pasto: características y percepciones de los migrantes
Authors: Paz Noguera Bayron , Alpala Ramos Oscar , Villota Vivas Evelyn
Published: January 2021

El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la migración venezolana en la ciudad de Pasto. El soporte teórico analizó las principales teorías que conforman el enfoque económico de las migraciones internacionales. El diseño metodológico incluyó la construcción de una encuesta para la caracterización sociodemográfica de la población y la definición de sus percepciones respecto a los determinantes que los llevó a tomar la decisión de emigrar. Entre las conclusiones del estudio se destaca que la población de venezolanos en la ciudad de Pasto es un grupo significativamente joven, radicado en los núcleos comerciales de la ciudad y la mayoría no proviene de regiones cercanas a la frontera colombo-venezolana. Los trabajos a los que se vincula la mayoría de esta población en la ciudad de Pasto son informales, principalmente, como vendedores ambulantes y eso les permite el envío de remesas hacia Venezuela. En cuanto a los determinantes de la decisión de emigrar, según la percepción de los consultados, la mayor influencia la ejercieron factores económicos como la inflación y la escasez de alimentos en Venezuela, pero también destacaron otras variables como la inseguridad, la pobreza y el descontento con el gobierno actual de ese país.
Papel del emprendimiento en el conflicto y postconflicto: una revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Solarte Solarte Claudia Magali , Solarte Solarte Martha Lida , Rivera Vallejo Gloria Alicia
Published: January 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo examinar el emprendimiento en Colombia como una estrategia de inclusión y productividad con víctimas y excombatientes en proceso de reincorporación a la sociedad. Como metodología, se realizó una revisión de publicaciones científicas en las bases de datos Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc, Science Direct y Google Scholar, acogiendo artículos que incluyeran emprendimiento, conflicto, postconflicto y reincorporación, en un periodo de 2008 a 2019. Los resultados ofrecieron información respecto al continente de ubicación, donde la mayoría son de Colombia, los enfoques de investigación utilizados y las estrategias de emprendimiento propuestas para procesos de reintegración. Como conclusión, si bien el emprendimiento constituye una estrategia válida de inclusión y productividad para la reinserción a la sociedad, esto necesita de un proceso educativo para que los implicados se apropien de prácticas y conceptos propios para asumir la creación de empresas y proyectos productivos.
La competitividad turística. Una aproximación desde el Departamento de Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Serrano-Amado Ana Milena , Montoya-Restrepo Luz Alexandra , Amado-Cely Nidia Paola
Published: January 2021

El turismo es un sector económico fuerte en la economía mundial que genera beneficios económicos importantes para los países. Este artículo es resultado de la investigación desarrollada por el grupo CERES. El objetivo de la investigación se centró en la revisión de diferentes modelos de competitividad turística para implementarlos en la Provincia de Sugamuxi, centro de la investigación. Para llegar al cumplimiento de los objetivos, se planteó una metodología cualitativa con un método de análisis documental para destacar los estudios y modelos de competitividad más relevantes para la implementación; lo que generó la aplicación del modelo de Crouch y Ritchie (1999); se identificaron los factores más impactantes para la región. Dentro de los resultados se muestran las fortalezas como el tipo de turismo natural que se genera y dentro de las debilidades la falta de asociación por parte de los actores que intervienen en el sector turístico, encontrando como grandes retos la infraestructura, la información, organización y lazos del mercado, estas debilidades se tienen que mejorar puesto que el sector turístico se está proyectando como clase mundial.
Desarrollo territorial y economía solidaria: análisis desde el concepto de desarrollo, el medio ambiente y la incorporación de las comunidades en una estrategia de desarrollo territorial
Authors: Llanez Anaya Helmer Fernando , Sacristán Rodríguez Claudia Patricia
Published: January 2021

Este artículo propone un marco de análisis para articular el desarrollo territorial con la economía solidaria. Se considera que el desarrollo territorial tiene una relación cercana con la idea de crecimiento económico, pero también permite explorar posturas alternativas. En consecuencia, la economía solidaria es la mirada alternativa que se analiza para ofrecerle al desarrollo territorial otra aproximación distinta a la economía de mercado. Para este propósito, metodológicamente se hace un análisis de literatura desde tres dimensiones: la idea de desarrollo, el medio ambiente y las comunidades. A la par se analizan las principales aproximaciones tanto del desarrollo territorial como de la economía solidaria para explorar sus puntos de encuentro. Se encuentra que la economía solidaria tiene un marco de análisis que permite orientar estrategias de desarrollo territorial desde una perspectiva alternativa a la economía de mercado. Se concluye que el desarrollo territorial es un marco de análisis en construcción y por lo tanto puede nutrirse de los aportes de la economía solidaria. El artículo hace parte de un proyecto de investigación financiado por la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia.
Oferta exportable del cacao del Departamento de Nariño, (2010-2018)
Authors: Coral Rojas Yhancy Eliana , Melo Mosquera Gladys Omaira , Agredo Madroñero Darlan Arley , Moncayo Rosero Jenny Katherine
Published: January 2021

La oferta exportable del sector agrícola de cacao comprendida entre el año 2010 y el año 2018 permite identificar y visibilizar el aporte de las empresas exportadoras al crecimiento económico del territorio, así como evidenciar las capacidades productivas de la región y su vocación exportadora. La información se elabora a través de la revisión de información secundaria con las estadísticas presentadas en cada declaración de exportación reportada por la Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales y la posterior consolidación de información en relación con comercio exterior que presentan sistemas de información como Trademap, Tradenosis y Legiscomex. Bajo este corolario se identificó que el departamento de Nariño exportó cinco (5) subpartidas arancelarias relacionadas con el cacao en el periodo comprendido entre el año 2010 a 2018, así como, la oferta exportable del cacao, las regiones productivas y las principales empresas exportadoras.