bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Porotic Hyperostosis Observed in the 16th to 19th Century Crania of Native Siberians, Russian Settlers, and Joseon Dynasty Koreans
Authors:   Seoul National University, Lee Hyejin ,   Ministry of National Defense Agency of KIA Recovery & Identification, Hong Jong Ha ,   Kyung Hee University, Slepchenko S. M. ,   Institute of Northern Development, Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shin Dong Hoon ,   Seoul National University
Published: June 2022

Поротический гиперостоз — скелетный маркер, используемый для оценки уровня физиологического стресса в детстве. Несмотря на широкое распространение гипотезы, согласно которой при переходе к земледелию здоровье населения ухудшалось, прямых сопоставлений частот этой патологии у охотников-рыболовов-собирателей и земледельцев до сих пор проведено немного. В данной работе рассматриваются краниологические серии XVI-XIX вв. коренного населения Сибири (охотники-рыболовы-собиратели), русских переселенцев и корейцев эпохи Чосон (земледельцы) с целью выяснить, существует ли взаимосвязь между частотой встречаемости поротического гиперостоза и хозяйственно-культурным типом рассматриваемых групп. По результатам проведенного анализа самый высокий показатель зафиксирован у корейцев (18,9 %), намного ниже — у русских переселенцев (6,3 %), наименьший — у коренных народов Сибири (3,8 %). Таким образом, можно предположить, что уровень физиологического стресса в группе охотников-рыболовов-собирателей был ниже, чем в земледельческих популяциях. Кроме того, корейское население эпохи Чосон, вероятно, сталкивалось с более значительными эпизодами стресса, по сравнению с русскими переселенцами в Сибири. Несмотря на то, что и те, и другие практиковали интенсивное земледелие, условия жизни корейцев могли характеризоваться существенно более высоким уровнем стрессового воздействия. С точки зрения полового диморфизма, во всех исследованных группах поротический гиперостоз встречался чаще у мужчин, чем у женщин. Полученные результаты показывают, что распределение частот маркеров стресса может формироваться под влиянием комплекса взаимодействующих факторов, связанных с историческими различиями в условиях жизни человеческих коллективов.
Cellular immunity in patients with COVID-19: molecular biology, pathophysiology, and clinical implications
Authors: Sсherbak Sergey  G. , Vologzhanin Dmitry  A. , Golota Aleksandr S. , Kamilova Tatyana  A. , Makarenko Stanislav  V.
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. From the viewpoint of factors critical to contain the virus, the neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 garner most of the attention, however, it is essential to acknowledge that it is the level of the virus-specific T cell and B cell response that forms a basis for an effective neutralizing antibody response. T cell responses develop early and correlate with the protection, but they are relatively attenuated in the severe disease, in part due to lymphopenia. Understanding the role of different T cell subpopulations in the protection or the COVID-19 pathogenesis is critical to the prevention and treatment. The expression profile of different T cell subpopulations varies with the COVID-19 severity and is associated with the degree of T cell responses and the disease outcome. The structural changes in the genome, transcriptome, and proteome of SARS-CoV-2 promote the emergence of new variants of the virus and can reduce its interaction with antibodies and result in avoiding the neutralization. There is a strong correlation between the number of virus-specific CD4 T cells and neutralizing IgG antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2. During the primary viral infection, there is a wide variation in the cellular and humoral immune responses, patients with severe and prolonged symptoms showing highly imbalanced cellular and humoral immune responses. This review focuses on the generation and clinical significance of cellular immunity in the protection against severe acute infection and reinfection, as well as the potential involvement of seasonal coronavirus-specific cross-reactive T cells in response to SARS-CoV-2.
Eхperience of endoscopic decompression of the suprascapular nerve
Authors: Belyak Evgeniy A. , Pashin Dmitry  L. , Lazko Fedor  L. , Prizov Alexey  P. , Lazko Maxim  F. , Zagorodniy Nikolay  V. , Asratyan Sarkis  A.
Published: June 2022

Background: Suprascapular nerve neuropathy is a commonly spread pathology, caused by a traction force trauma or compression in the scapular notch area. In the case of a conservative treatment failure, a standard surgical procedure is neurolysis (decompression) of the suprascapular nerve in the scapular notch. This procedure can be done in an open manner or endoscopically. Aims: to evaluate the results of endoscopic decompression of the suprascapular nerve in the scapular notch area at a 6 months follow-up. Methods: We operated 10 patients with the clinical picture of posttraumatic suprascapular nerve neuropathy in the period from 2015 to 2021. The mean age of patients was 52.311.8. All the patients underwent the shoulder joint and subacromial space arthroscopy, and decompression of the suprascapular nerve in the scapular notch area. Results: According to the VAS-scale, the severity of pain syndrome before the surgery was 6 cm, while in 6 months after the surgery it decreased to 2 cm. According to the DASH scale, the dysfunction of the of shoulder joint before the surgery was 70 points, in 6 months after the surgery it decreased to 10 points. The range of motion in the shoulder joint before the surgery was: flexion 15514,4, abduction 14042, external rotation 125,6; 6 months after the surgery we observed: flexion 17415,6, abduction 17514,4, external rotation 489. Conclusion: The obtained results let us characterize the method of endoscopic decompression of the suprascapular nerve as a low-traumatic and effective technique, which promotes restoration of the function of the suprascapular nerve and shoulder joint, and elimination of pain syndrome from the shoulder area.
X-ray-endovascular interventions in the treatment of patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer after the termination of systemic chemotherapy
Authors: Stukalova Oksana Yu. , Polikarpov Aleksey  A. , Ishchenko Roman V. , Shugushev Zaurbek  Kh.
Published: June 2022

Background: At present, the problem of treating common forms of colorectal cancer does not lose its relevance due to the increase in its incidence. Systemic chemotherapy is the main line of treatment for patients with unresectable liver metastases. However, a significant problem of modern oncology is the further treatment tactics for patients with chemoresistant metastases. Aims: to improve the treatment results for patients with chemoresistant liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Method: 36 patients with unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer were treated at the Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies and the RZD-Medicine Central Clinical Hospital. For all the patients, systemic chemotherapy was considered unreasonable due to the development of chemoresistance or a high degree of toxicity. The patients underwent regional chemotherapy chemoinfusion and/or chemoembolization of the hepatic artery. Results: The treatment evaluation was performed using the RECIST 1.1 scale. After 6 months, a partial response was reached in 1 patient (2.8%), stabilization was observed in 29 (80.5%) patients, and 6 patients (16.7%) had the disease progression. In 2 (5.6%) cases, a lethal outcome was observed against the background of the systemic progression of the oncological disease. One year later, stabilization of the malignant process was detected in 21 (58.3%) cases, progression was detected in 15 (41.7%) cases. A one-year survival of patients was 83.3%, the overall survival 22 months. Conclusion: The use of interventional radiology methods has shown its effectiveness in patients with unresectable chemoresistant liver metastases of colorectal cancer.
Biomechanical properties of the cornea in Floppy eyelid syndrome
Authors: Krinitsyna Ekaterina A. , Grusha Yaroslav O.
Published: June 2022

Background: Floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) is a frequently underdiagnosed disorder of unknown pathogenesis. FES has been associated with ocular conditions such as keratoconus. At present, despite the frequent combination of FES and keratoconus, there are almost no data on the biomechanical properties of the cornea in these patients. Aims: to determine the corneas biomechanical properties in patients with floppy eyelid syndrome. Methods: The study included 40 patients (54 eyes) with hyper-extensible eyelid syndrome. The average age was 53.96.7 years. The central corneal thickness averaged 55125 m. All the patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, including pneumotonometry. The intraocular pressure (IOP) and biomechanical properties of the cornea were measured using dynamic bidirectional applanation. Results: The study of the corneas biomechanical properties in patients with floppy eyelid syndrome showed a decrease in the corneal hysteresis (CH) indices to 9.960.61 mm Hg on the average, in the corneal resistance factor (CRF) to 9.540.64 mm Hg. Moreover, their value varied depending on the severity of the syndrome. The mean value of the corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc) in the entire sample was 15.51.0 mm Hg, Goldman IOP (IOPg) 15.12.0 mm Hg, pneumotonometric IOP 11.612.9 mm Hg. Regardless of the severity, the pneumotonometric IOP indices did not have statistically significant differences, while as this syndrome progressed, the IOPcc and IOPg indices showed a steady decrease in the mean values. Conclusions: It was found that, in floppy eyelid syndrome, the biomechanical parameters of the cornea were reduced. At the same time, the value of these indicators varied significantly with the severity. The largest and the smallest decrease were observed in the corneal hysteresis index and the corneal-compensated IOP, respectively.
Modeling Suicidality Risks and Understanding the Phenomenon of Suicidality Under the Loupe of Pandemic Context: National Findings of the COMET-G Study in the Russian Population
Authors: Syunyakov Timur S. , Pavlichenko Alexey V. , Morozov Petr V. , Fedotov Ilya A. , Filatova Viktoriia E. , Gayduk Arseny J. , Ignatenko Yulia S. , Spikina Anna A. , Yashikhina Anna A. , Patsali Mikaella E. , Fountoulakis Konstantinos N. , Smirnova Daria A.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Suicidality is a complex clinical phenomenon reflecting vulnerability to suicidal behavior which can be explained via the biopsychosocial paradigm and in relationship with a variety of country-specific factors. Data on suicides within the Russian population are inconsistent (from 11.7 up to 25.1 per 100.000), whereas the populations suicidality risks have not been investigated in detail. Suicidality estimates during the multifactorial influence of the COVID-19 pandemic could serve as a basis to learn more about this mental health indicator. METHODS: The current study is a part of the COMET-G international project (40 countries, n=55.589), which represents an analysis of data collected from Russias general population (n=7714, 3312 y.o., 61% female) to estimate suicidality using the Risk Assessment Suicidality Scale (RASS) and its relationships with socio-demographic, clinical, and life-habit characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation of the statistical data (descriptive statistics, ANOVA, LASSO linear regression, significant at =0.05) was undertaken using TIBCO Statistica. RESULTS: According to the RASS, at least 20.68%, and up to 29.15%, of the general population in Russia demonstrated increased risk of suicidality during the pandemic. Modelling these risks pointed to the key vulnerabilities related to mental and behavioral disorders, such as (i) current severe depression and a history of mental disorders, (ii) bipolar disorder, (iii) use of illicit drugs surprisingly outranking the alcohol misuse, and psychiatric compounds (hypnotics), highlighting sleep quality deterioration, (iv) a history of suicide attempts and self-harm though not self-reported changes in depression in response were predictors of the risk of suicidality, which can be explained by the phenomenon of learned suicidality, a habitual behavioral suicidality pattern completion accumulated over the background. Such (v) socio-demographic indicators as younger age (disregarding the gender factor), a marital status of single, having no children, living with fewer people in the household, a recent increase in family conflicts, increased need for emotional support, decreased need for communication, and not believing in precautionary measures against COVID-19, contributed to the increase of suicidality risk in the context of the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study revealed new suicide risk factors that should be taken into account in suicidality risk assessments for the Russian population and in the implementation of suicide prevention programs in the region.
Re-Purposing the Library Space in the Digital Era: A study
Authors: Panigrahi Sushant
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The round the clock availability of information sources, high speed internet in the 4G era, low cost of data download, cheaper cost of laptops and smart phones are factors impacting the purpose users’ visit to libraries. Library users visit less for the purposes of issue/return, browsing and searching information in the print holdings of the library. The users are rather spending more time in study, accessing e-resources, socialize with friends, discuss with peer group, etc. in the library building. The libraries in the developed countries have already recognized the need of the hour and re-designed their space to create a variety of reading space, creative space, Makers space, quiet space, etc. in the existing library buildings. But libraries in higher education institutions in India are yet to seriously consider the users’ need with respect to library space use. The present study has been conducted to find the users’ opinion and views to re-purpose the library space to meet their need. Research Methodology: Survey method has been used gather the views and opinion of library users. Printed questionnaires were distributed to the users present in the reading halls of the library. Due to paucity of time the research was limited to Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and Delhi University, New Delhi. Online questionnaires were distributed to faculty members as they visit the library less frequently. The collected data was analyzed with MS-EXCEL and hypothesis tested using Kruskal Wallis test. Findings: Students and Research Scholars visit daily and spend more than four hours in the library building. They use their time in study, accessing e-resources in the reading hall of the library than any other place. The views of the all the users suggest that the library should have wi-fi facilities, power point for plug laptops and mobile phones, washroom near reading hall, quiet space, and clean ambient environment for longer hour study in the library building. Originality: The study is useful for Librarians for designing and refurbishing their library space.
Competencies and Skill Sets: A Prerequisite of Library Professionals in the New Normal
Authors: Lisa Sheba Rani J. , Yesudoss P.
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 has traumatized every area libraries are no exception. This article aims at suggesting how such challenges could be overcome by suitable competencies and skill sets in the new normal. Undoubtedly, the year 2020 witnessed the resilience of majority of library professionals and library associations as a community to support each other care and share the expertise. Now to look back, it is evident that the competencies and skill sets that have helped in organizing online events, virtual faculty development programs, webinars on various relevant topics have helped enormously to connect the users of the libraries. Based on the experience at Women’s Christian College (WCC) and Madras Christian College (MCC), competencies and skills sets that need to be a prerequisite to every library professional to meet the users’ needs in the era of new normal have been suggested.
Deriving Pertinent Knowledge through Sentiment Analysis and Linking with Relevant Documents
Authors: Chatterjee Apala , Mahato Shampa , Kumar Chatterjee Sunil
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study aims to explore pertinent knowledge through the Sentiment Analysis technique and to link with relevant, pin-pointed documents. Design/Methodology/Approach: While information is essential ‘information overload’ is a big problem when we search for specific information. To get rid of psychological stress, mistakes in decision making or disregarding of relevant information, a methodology has been developed which may be suitable for researchers to extract pertinent knowledge from huge amount of research publications in a particular domain (‘climatology’ has been chosen for demonstration) within the shortest possible time. The study presents, how exactly relevant information can be retrieved there through sentiment analysis and through which a preliminary knowledge base can be gained. For this, ‘R’ software has been used to do the desired manipulation on the collected data. The steps involve pre-processing of introductory text, tokenization, polarity detection and analysis of text through sentiment analysis. Findings: It has been found that knowledge derived through sentiment analysis and abstract of the linked documents fairly match with each other, which validates the relevance and importance of the linked documents. Again, the impact factor of the prestigious journal having global coverage, where most of the linked documents were published also shows the importance of the linked documents/papers.
Designing Metadata Creation Interface and Geographic Search Mechanism for Institutional Digital Repositories
Authors: Mandal Sukumar
Published: June 2022

Various organisations have established institutional digital repositories to preserve important documents and provide digital library and information services. Installing software and uploading files is only one aspect of creating a digital library; it is necessary to include metadata based on a standard metadata schema. This article presents techniques that are examined based on various digital library software applications. The focus of this paper is on different search techniques, such as text search, advanced search, and quick search. For fast data entry, the Gems script was utilized in metadata design. For convenient searching of digital library materials, it completely supports metadata indexing and browsing classifiers. The process of metadata creation and the geographic search mechanisms is important in institutional repositories. These two tasks have been completed utilizing Greenstone for metadata development and DSpace's quick map for geographic search mechanisms.
Punjabi Reference Sources: A Descriptive Guide by M.P. Satija, Sukhdev Singh and Harish Chander, New Delhi: Satija Research Foundation for Library and Information Science, SRFLIS Series in Library Science, ed. by K.P. Singh, 2018. xvi+429 pp. Rs. 1200. US$ 30 (including postage).. No. 10. Hardbound. ISBN: 978-81-927409-5-9
Authors: Kalra Harinder Pal Singh
Published: June 2022

No Abstract.
Changing Role of College Librarians’ in Autonomous Environment: A Study
Authors: Rajpurkar Sujata S.
Published: June 2022

According to University Grants Commission (UGC) guidelines for autonomy, the only way to improve quality in higher education is to assign academic freedom to colleges affiliated to the university. Quality education is the prime motto of the Indian government and to ensure quality in higher education government of India is endorsing academic autonomy from the last few years. To assess the influences on the academic libraries of an autonomous environment and to examine whether there is any change in the role of academic librarians the researcher opted for the present study. Twenty-five autonomous college librarians from Mumbai were selected as the population for the study. The Role Efficacy scale of Udai Pareek was used to analyze the changing role of librarians with telephone interview. The present study throws some light on the changing role of librarians in the autonomous environment.
URL Degeneration: A Warning to Scholarly Community
Authors: Niveditha B. , Kumbar Mallinath
Published: June 2022

The present study examines the degeneration of web citations in scholarly journals of Library and Information Science, and Communication and Media Studies. The journals were selected based on their high impact factor published between 2008 and 2017. A PHP script was used to crawl the Uniform Resource Locators collected from the references. A total of 8,767 articles were downloaded and 3,97,140 references were extracted. A total of 71,289 URLs were checked for their availability. Further, the characteristic features of URL like file extension, path depth, character length and the toplevel domain were determined. The findings indicated that more number of URLs in LIS journal articles decayed than in Communication and Media Studies journal articles. The majority of errors in both the disciplines were HTTP 404 error code (Not found error). The findings of the study imply that authors, publishers and editorial staff need to ensure the availability of web resources before citing them.
Impact of MOOC on Agricultural Professionals in India - A Case Study
Authors: Kumar N. P. Ravi , Kumar Amrender , Rathinasabapathy G. , Kandpal K. N. , Kumar D. Vijay
Published: June 2022

The past few years have witnessed a rapid surge in the development of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The ICT and associated technologies have necessitated that academic and research community shift to online mode of education. At the same time we have witnessed parallel rise in number of MOOC platforms across the globe. As MOOCs grow in popularity, academic institutes in the world have shifted their mode of imparting knowledge from mere class room to blended mode. The online courses are attracting the learners with their content and user-friendly platform. This paper presents a case study of MOOC on Information Handling Skills for Teaching Learning and Research which was organized for Agricultural Stakeholders of NARS as part of ICAR - NAHEP (IG) Sub Project on National Knowledge Management Centre for Agricultural Education Research (NKMC4AER). A total of 1118 participants were registered for the MOOC comprising of video lectures, live interactive lectures, online quizzes, and discussion forum. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the participants use of course lecture videos, time spent, an in-depth picture of participants, how their own background and capabilities related to their achievement and persistence, and how their interactions with curricular and pedagogical aspects. It also focused on completion rates and assessments.
Awareness and Readiness of Nigerian Polytechnic Students towards Adopting Artificial Intelligence in Libraries
Authors: Owolabi K. A. , Abayomi Adeleke Olateju , Aderibigbe N. A. , Kemdi Owunezi Margaret , Oluwaseun Omotoso Akinkunmi , Okorie C. N.
Published: June 2022

This survey research investigated the awareness and readiness for Artificial Intelligence (AI) among polytechnic students in Nigeria. Five Polytechnics were purposively selected for the study. The study population comprised of three hundred and twenty (320) final year students registered as members in the selected polytechnic libraries. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Purposive sampling was used to select one hundred (100) respondents from each of the polytechnics. Findings revealed that the students were aware of the existence of Artificial Intelligence usage in library operations and gained awareness during library orientation programmes. The students admitted that they needed to have basic computer skills to be relevant in this era. The major anticipated constraint in the use of AI is unstable power supply. The study recommends the need for polytechnic library managements to harness alternative sources of power supply, and the need to include practical ICT training in the curriculum.
Indigenous Cultural-Heritage Resource Management System: Designing an Open-Source Based Technical Framework
Authors: Dutta Anirban , Mukhopadhyay Parthasarathi
Published: June 2022

This paper reports the development of a digital indigenous or aboriginal cultural heritage archive prototype to understand more specifically how to manage cultural heritage resources for local needs, for traditional and indigenous communities, and in libraries, archives, and museums as they seek to manage, preserve, strengthen, develop, and reuse these resources. The tribes who are the earliest inhabitants of India are economically and socially the least advanced, as they live in isolated and self-contained groups, and are distinct culturally and ethnically from mainstream societies. Historically, colonization, ignorance of mainstream societies, etc., have dominated thousands of indigenous cultures that have ceased to exist or have been marginalized to the brink of extinction. This exploratory study is an attempt to find the tools and techniques that can assist in building an information system for indigenous culture. It considers the need for integration of such a system with a library retrieval system, and the prototype includes the indigenous cultural resources of the Rabha tribe of North-East India to illustrate the idea and suggest a prototype based on open source software and open standards.
The Normalization of Preprints♦
Authors: Drury Luke
Published: June 2022

The last few years have seen an explosive growth in the use of preprints and the associated preprint servers by large sections of the scientific community. This article addresses the history of the preprint, its advantages, and potential disadvantages, and concludes with some recommendations for how the growing acceptance of preprint posting should be handled within academia and the changes in cultural norms (in other words its normalization) that this entails. (Garisto, 2019).
The Origin of Human Nature from the Perspective of Gene-culture Co-evolutionary Theory
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Jo Hyun-Woo , Yang Kyoung-Eun
Published: June 2022

This study provides a rational reconstruction of Boyd and Richardson’s gene-culture co-evolutionary theory based on the methodology of Lakatos’ Research Program. In providing a more pluralistic and integrated theory of human evolution, Gene-culture co-evolutionary Theory adopts the “dual inheritance hypothesis”, which encompasses both biological and cultural evolution as a hardcore. Boyd and Richardson’s research program adheres to the negative heuristics that maintain hard cores and the positive heuristics that reinforce the theory by modifying and supplementing its protective belt. This study analyzes the structure of the theories’ explanations for human uniqueness from the perspective of novel predictions of Lakatos’ research program. To this end, the novel predictions of the research program are structured into the human cognitive structure, communication, culture, and the development of moral norms. The combination of these elements, which constitute human nature, presents a concrete scenario of the evolution of human beings.
Analisis Penggunaan Partikel Fatis 啦 la dan 吧 ba dalam Film Our Times
Authors: Rangkuti Devi Nurlela , Nasution Vivi Adryani
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This study aims to determine the use of 啦 la and 吧 ba modal particles and to find out the similarities and differences between the two in Chinese sentences. This research used contextual semantic theory and also qualitative descriptive methods. Data collection in this study used the listening method and continued with note-taking technique. The data analysis method in this study is using the agih method and followed by 2 techniques, lesap technique and replaced technique, as well as the method of presenting the results of data analysis which is presented in the form of explanations about modal particles that contained in the Our Times film. The data taken in the form of dialogues which has the modal particles 啦 la and 吧 ba. The results obtained from this study are modal particles 啦 la and 吧 ba are generally found in descriptive, imperative, interrogative sentences, also as a pauses in a sentence, but only modal particles 啦 la can be used in exclamatory sentences and can be used on imperative sentences which means prohibition.
Keywords: modal particles; 啦 la; 吧 ba; contextual semantics; Our Times
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan partikel fatis啦 la dan 吧 ba  serta mencari persamaan dan perbedaan keduanya dalam kalimat bahasa Mandarin. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori semantik kontekstual dan juga metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak dan dilanjutkan dengan teknik catat. Adapun metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu memakai metode agih dan dilanjutkan dengan 2 teknik, yaitu teknik lesap dan teknik ganti, serta metode penyajian hasil analisis data yang disajikan dalam bentuk penjelasan-penjelasan mengenai partikel fatis yang terdapat dalam film Our Times. Data yang diambil berupa dialog-dialog yang terdapat partikel fatis 啦 la dan 吧 ba di dalamnya. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah partikel fatis啦 la dan 吧 ba umumnya terdapat dalam kalimat deskriptif, imperatif, interogatif, juga sebagai jeda dalam sebuah kalimat, tetapi hanya partikel fatis啦 la yang dapat digunakan dalam kalimat eksklamatif serta dapat digunakan pada kalimat imperatif bermakna larangan.
Kata kunci: partikel fatis; 啦 la; 吧 ba; semantik kontekstual; Our Times
Penggunaan Media Mentimeter pada Pembelajaran Daring Bahasa Mandarin Kelas XI SMAN 1 Malang
Authors: Sakti Krismonika Puja , Widyatmoko Tiksno , Mardasari Octi Rjeky
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Chinese language learning which was originally carried out offline has been shifted to an online system due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This situation makes the teachers unable to freely control the students. The activeness of students to get involved and participate is also reduced due to the limited interaction in the online learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the mentimeter learning media on student learning outcomes and to describe the use of mentimeters in online learning of the Chinese across-interests program. This study uses a quantitative approach and also a qualitative descriptive approach. The sources of data used are second grade students of the across-interests program at Senior High School 1 of Malang as many as 22 students. The data obtained in this study were in the form of average scores of pretest and posttest results and the documentation in the form of screenshots from presentations and quizzes. The data analysis was carried out by hypothesis testing using the paired sample t-test. The results showed that the mentimeter media was effectively used in learning Chinese and on average students were able to run the mentimeter and were able to play the quizzes that had been provided for online learning in second grade students of the across-interests program at 1st Senior High School of Malang.
Keywords: mentimeter; online learning; Chinese language
Abstrak: Pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin yang semula dilaksanakan secara luring dialihkan menjadi sistem daring akibat pandemi Covid-19. Hal tersebut membuat guru tidak bisa leluasa dalam mengontrol peserta didik. Keaktifan peserta didik untuk ikut terlibat dan berpartisipasi pun menjadi berkurang karena terbatasnya interaksi dalam pembelajaran daring. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan media pembelajaran mentimeter terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dan mendeskripsikan penggunaan mentimeter pada pembelajaran daring lintas minat bahasa Mandarin. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan juga pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah peserta didik kelas XI lintas minat SMA Negeri 1 Malang sebanyak 22 peserta didik. Perolehan data dalam penelitian ini berupa rata-rata skor hasil tes pretest dan posttest serta dokumentasi yang berupa hasil tangkapan layar dari presentasi dan kuis mentimeter. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa media mentimeter efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin dan rata-rata peserta didik dapat menjalankan mentimeter serta mampu memainkan kuis yang telah disediakan pada pembelajaran daring di kelas XI Lintas Minat SMA Negeri 1 Malang.
Kata kunci: mentimeter; pembelajaran daring; bahasa Mandarin
Media “Karho” untuk Melatih Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Mandarin Siswa Kelas X SMK Tumapel Malang
Authors: Aryani Yuniadinda Vida , Afifah Lilis , Putri Amira Eza Febrian
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this research and development is to produce a learning media called Karho (kartu hotel/hotel cards)which can help students practice their Mandarin reading skill. This product discusses personal information in the area of hospitality, especially for the theme of booking a room. The Karho media consists of 60 cards, a material sheet, an answer key sheet, an instruction sheet, and its package. The research model used is ADDIE with its five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Moreover, the qualitative data were collected using questionnaire sheets not only for both material experts and media experts, but also for the students as the users of the learning media. In addition, the developed product has been validated by the experts and also has been tested on ten grade X students of SMK Tumapel Malang in the hotel accommodation. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the Karho media is suitable to be applied for learning Mandarin and can also help students practice their Mandarin reading skill.
Keywords: development; Karho; reading skill
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran bernama “Karho” (kartu hotel) untuk membantu siswa berlatih keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin. Media tersebut berisi materi tentang informasi pribadi terkait bidang perhotelan dengan tema memesan kamar. Karho memiliki jumlah 60 kartu, 1 lembar materi, 1 lembar kunci jawaban, 1 lembar petunjuk penggunaan, dan sebuah kemasan kotak kartu. Model penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE dengan lima tahap, yaitu tahap analisis (Analysis), perancangan (Design), pengembangan (Development), implementasi (Implementation), dan evaluasi (Evaluation). Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data kualitatif yang berasal dari lembar angket untuk ahli materi, ahli media, dan siswa. Produk Karho ini telah melalui proses validasi para ahli dan diujicobakan kepada sepuluh siswa kelas X jurusan akomodasi perhotelan di SMK Tumapel Malang. Produk yang dihasilkan merupakan sebuah kartu yang diberi nama “Karho” dengan berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa media Karho layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin dan juga dapat membantu siswa melatih keterampilan membaca.
Kata kunci: pengembangan; Karho; keterampilan membaca
Penggunaan Buku Cerita Bergambar 一只大肥猫 untuk Melatih Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Mandarin Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Turen
Authors: Maulidiyah Mayang , Afifah Lilis , Ul Muyassaroh Lukluk
Published: June 2022

Abstract: There are two purposes of this research: firstly, describing the use of Chinese picture story books 一只大肥猫 (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) to practice the students’ reading skill of grade X of SMA Negeri 1 Turen, and secondly, describing the students’ responses to the use of the determined picture story book. This research used qualitative descriptive approach, which its qualitative data were taken from 14 students and also the learning process, using supporting instruments, namely observation sheets and questionnaire sheets. The researcher herself acted as the main instrument of this research by carrying out the data collection and analysis activities. The gathered data were then analyzed qualitatively. Finally, the results showed that the learning process using the Chinese picture story book (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) as a medium for practicing the reading skills went well, although there were problems with the internet connection. According to the students’ responses, it can be concluded that the Chinese picture story book (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) is not only able to attract their interest in practicing reading skill but also can make the Chinese learning more fun and less boring.
Keywords: usage, picture story books, reading skills
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penggunaan buku cerita bergambar一只大肥猫 (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) untuk melatih keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Turen dan mengetahui respons siswa terhadap penggunaan buku cerita tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini merupakan data kualitatif yang diambil dari 14 orang siswa dan proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan instrumen pendukung yaitu lembar observasi dan lembar angket. Peneliti sendiri bertindak sebagai instrumen utama penelitian ini dengan melakukan kegiatan pengumpulan dan analisis data. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan buku cerita bergambar一只大肥猫 (yī zhǐ dà féi māo) sebagai media latihan membaca pada keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Turen berjalan baik, meskipun terdapat kendala dalam hal jaringan internet. Menurut siswa, buku cerita bergambar tersebut dapat menarik minat mereka dalam melatih keterampilan membaca dan pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan.
Kata kunci: penggunaan, buku cerita bergambar, keterampilan membaca
Eksistensi Tokoh Utama Perempuan dalam Novel Sitayana Karya Cok Sawitri
Authors: Devi Deshinta Tungga , Zahro' Azizatuz
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Literary works provide a picture of social reality besides. They contain values that foster positive benefits. Literary works with a feminist perspective present a woman's perspective in her struggle to get an equal position with men. The theory used in this research is feminist existentialism. The approach used in this study is qualitative whereas the method is text study. This research was conducted to determine the form and the strategies carried out by the main female characters in fighting for her existence. The results of this study indicate that, in achieving her existence the female protagonist through an objectification process caused by the patriarchy. Self-subjectification is achieved through resistance. Resistance is carried out by redefining oneself through a process of decision-making and action-taking. The struggle by the female protagonist in achieving her existence is carried out through strategies in the form of work activities and intellectual activities. Work activities are carried out to actively determine the female protagonist's fate.  Intellectual activity is carried out to reverse the position from an object into the subject. Structural patriarchy caused difficulties in achieving social transformation, therefore the female protagonist leave for the sake of her existence.
Keywords: existence; woman; feminist existentialism
Abstract: Karya sastra turut menyediakan gambaran realitas sosial. Karya sastra mengandung nilai-nilai yang dapat menumbuhkan manfaat positif. Karya sastra berperspektif feminis menghadirkan cara pandang perempuan terutama dalam perjuangannya untuk mendapatkan kedudukan yang setara dengan laki-laki. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah feminis eksistensi­alisme. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kajian teks. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui wujud dan strategi yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama perempuan dalam memper­juangkan eksistensinya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam memperjuang­kan eksis­tensinya tokoh utama perempuan terlebih dahulu melalui proses objektifikasi yang dilatarbelakangi oleh keberadaan budaya patriarki. Kemudian, subjektifikasi diri diraih dengan melakukan perlawanan. Perlawanan dilakukan dengan redefinisi diri melalui proses peng­ambilan keputusan dan pengambilan tindakan. Perjuangan oleh tokoh utama perempuan dalam meraih eksistensinya dilakukan melalui strategi berupa aktivitas bekerja dan aktivitas intelektual. Aktivitas bekerja dilakukan agar tokoh utama perempuan dapat menentukan nasibnya secara aktif. Aktivitas intelektual dilakukan demi membalikkan posisi objek menjadi subjek. Transformasi sosial sulit diraih akibat adanya budaya patriarki yang bersifat struktural menyebabkan tokoh utama perempuan pergi demi keberlangsungan eksistensinya.
Kata kunci: eksistensi; perempuan; feminis eksistensialisme
Studi Kontrastif Permarkah Bilangan Tak Tentu Bermakna Keseluruhan dalam Bahasa Jerman dan Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Awiyatni Kurnia Suci Hastin , Kesuma Tri Mastoyo Jati
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This study aims to discuss the forms of quantifiers with collective meaning in both languages ​​as well as to describe their similarities and differences in the two languages. This study is qualitative descriptive research which uses contrastive research theory. The data sources used are novels in German and Indonesian. The results of the study showed that there are five forms of quantifiers with collective meaning in German and four forms of quantifiers in Indonesian. The similarities of the quantifiers in the two languages ​​are that the quantifiers mark the nouns and are written before the nouns, certain quantifiers can be omitted, and are found in various functions in sentences. The differences between the markers in the two languages are, in German, the quantifiers may mean negation, change in shape, and the quantified nouns can be singular or plural, while in Indonesian the quantifiers do not possess these qualities. Markers in Indonesian cannot mean negation without the presence of other markers, they do not change shape and the nouns marked are in the prural form.
Keywords: contrastive, quantifiers, German, Indonesian
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas bagaimana bentuk pemarkah bilangan tak tentu bermakna keseluruhan dalam kedua bahasa serta mendeskripsikan bagaimana persamaan maupun perbedaan diantara keduanya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan teori penelitian kontrastif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah novel berbahasa Jerman dan bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat lima bentuk pemarkah jumlah tak tentu bermakna keseluruhan dalam bahasa Jerman, sedangkan dalam bahasa Indonesia ditemukan empat bentuk. Persamaan yang ditemukan pada kedua bahasa tersebut adalah pemarkah memarkahi nomina dan pemarkah ditulis mendahului nomina, pemarkah tertentu dapat dilesapkan, serta ditemukan dalam berbagai fungsi dalam kalimat. Perbedaan pemarkah diantara kedua bahasa tersebut antara lain dalam bahasa Jerman pemarkah dapat bermakna negasi, mengalami perubahan bentuk, dan nomina yang dimarkahi dapat berbentuk singular maupun prural sedangkan dalam bahasa Indonesia tidak demikian. Pemarkah dalam bahasa Indonesia tidak dapat bermakna negasi tanpa hadirnya pemarkah lain, tidak mengalami perubahan bentuk dan nomina yang dimarkahi berada dalam bentuk prural.
Kata Kunci: kontrastif, bilangan tak tentu, bahasa Jerman, bahasa Indonesia
Improving Students’ Narrative Text Reading by Using Electronic Interactive Novel at SMAN 1 Bluto Sumenep
Authors: Eginanda Ahmad Faisal , Suryati Nunung , Ariani Nova
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Reading is an important skill for students to have. Despite its importance, students in SMAN 1 Bluto still struggle in reading instruction. To solve this problem, Electronic Interactive Novel (EIN) has the potential to be used in teaching as a media to help students improve their reading skill. This research aims to investigate the use of EIN to improve the 10th grade students’ reading skill. The design of this study is classroom action research with 35 students of class 10-4 from SMAN 1 Bluto as the participants. The research instruments used are in the form of tests conducted at the end of each cycle, observation sheet with field notes, and questionnaire. The finding of the research shows that the implementation of EIN improves the students’ reading skill of narrative text in the teaching process and the test result. The result of evaluation carried out in end of cycle 1 was 46 percent students achieve the minimum score of 70. With that reasoning, the first cycle was considered unsuccessful. In cycle 2.89 percent students managed to achieve the minimum score of 70. Thus, the second cycle was deemed successful. Therefore, it can be concluded that Electronic Interactive Novels can be implemented to improve the narrative reading skill of tenth grade students. However, teachers need to pay great attention to the pace with which they conduct the instruction using EIN to make sure their students can follow well.
Keywords: reading; electronic interactive novel; classroom action research
Abstrak: Membaca adalah kemampuan penting untuk dimiliki oleh siswa. Tapi, siswa SMAN 1 Bluto masi mengalami kesulitan dalam pembelajaran membaca. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini, EIN memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran demi meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa pengunaan Novel Interaktif Elektronik (EIN) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa kelas 10. Penilitan ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 35 siswa kelas 10-4 SMAN 1 Bluto sebagai partisipan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu tes yang diadakan di akhir siklus, lembar observasi dengan catatan lapangan, dan kuesioner. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan EIN meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa. Hasil evaluasi siklus pertama menunjukkan 46 persen siswa dapat mencapai nilai minimal yaitu 70. Dengan pertimbangan tersebut, siklus pertama dianggap tidak berhasil. Pada siklus kedua, 89 persen siswa mampu mencapai nilai minimal, sehingga siklus kedua dinilai berhasil. Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Novel Interaktif Elektronik dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa membaca teks naratif. Dengan catatan, guru harus memperhatikan laju proses pembelajaran agar siswa dapat mengikuti dengan baik.
Kata kunci: membaca; novel interaktif elektronik; penelitian tindakan kelas