bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The non-protein fraction of embryonic stem cell secretome exerts antibacterial effects against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains
Authors: Kaigorodov Denis G. , Kaigorodova Alisa D.
Published: November 2022

In recent years, it has been extremely evident to seek out for new antibacterial agents, because the burgeoning problem of antibiotic resistance and the toxicity of many antimicrobial compounds has forced scientists to turn attention to alternative approaches. Investigating stem cell secretomes, including the non-protein portion, to find new antimicrobials is a promising area in the field. We examined an effect of the non-protein portion within the embryonic stem cell secretome on various bacterial strains, including antibiotic-resistant members. The non-protein fraction of the stem cell secretome was obtained by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Bactericidal activity was tested against eight museum bacterial strains and 206 clinical strains by comparing the secretome-related effects on growth of bacterial cultures. The museum strains showed some dose-dependent effects at concentrations of 25100 g/ml. Some bactericidal activity was shown at a concentration of 100 g/ml against the clinical strains of Gram-negative microorganisms of different species, but bacterial sensitivity to the secretome fraction varied, with growth stimulation being detected in some strains. Applying non-protein fraction of the stem cell secretome at higher concentrations of 1001000 g/ml showed no dose-dependent effect. The clinical strains of E. coli and P. aeruginosa were shown to have reduced bactericidal activity after 24-hour incubation. Thus, this study has shown that the non-protein fraction of the embryonic stem cell secretome exerts bactericidal effects against some bacterial strains. However, more detailed studies are needed to identify a mechanism of action and to determine the most effective dose as well as frequency of administration.
Fused-cast high-zirconium containing refractories and prospects for their production
Authors: Sokolov V. A. , Gasparyan M. D. , Kirov S. S.
Published: November 2022

Приведена характеристика плавленолитых высокоциркониевых огнеупоров, содержащих более 72 % ZrO2, синтезированных на основе систем ZrO2‒Al2O3‒SiO2 и ZrO2‒SiO2. Материалы системы ZrO2‒ Al2O3‒SiO2 с содержанием SiO2 10‒13 % характеризовались крайне низкой коррозионной стойкостью в расплавах промышленных стекол вследствие высокого содержания стеклофазы и разобщенности кристаллов бадделеита. Коррозионная стойкость материалов с содержанием SiO2 4‒7 % в расплаве натрийкальцийсиликатного стекла незначительно превышает стойкость огнеупора Бк-41. Повышению термостойкости огнеупоров способствуют снижение содержания SiO2 до менее 4,5 %, а также образование кубической модификации ZrO2 при введении в состав огнеупора оксида кальция. Высокие затраты на производство и сложность технологии огнеупоров с содержанием ZrO2 более 90 % ограничивают их производство и применение.
Viscosity of fused silica suspensions for investment casting
Authors: Zhuravlev Ya. A. , Ovchinnikova A. O. , Furman E. L. , Furman I. E.
Published: November 2022

Проведено исследование вязкости суспензий, применяемых при литье по выплавляемым моделям, как одного из самых важных свойств. Представлены результаты измерений вязкости суспензии на основе этилсиликата и плавленого кварца разных фирм-производителей. В ходе работы сделаны выводы о необходимости проведения входного контроля суспензий на литейных предприятиях.
Physical Eschatology: On the Nature of "the New Heavens and the New Earth"
Authors: Araújo Glauber S.
Published: November 2022

For centuries, Christian believers have endured hardships and persecution with the hope of an eschatological transformation of life as we know it. While on this Earth we experience pain, suffering and death, the Bible speaks of a future transformation of physical reality, a “new heaven and a new earth” (Rev 21:1). However, how should Christians interpret this expression? Is it a physical description of the new universe? Or is it a reference to a change in political, social or spiritual conditions of society as a whole? How does this expression appear in the Old Testament and how is it used by New Testament writers? This article focuses on these questions and points to the intertextual elements between both Testaments while searching for a coherent interpretation of that emblematic expression.
Luciferase Activity Assay v1
Authors: Brunialti Electra
Published: November 2022

Luciferase activity assay on cell extracts using Veritas (Turner) luminometer.
Cell treatments fortime-lapse experiments v1
Authors: Brunialti Electra
Published: November 2022

Cell treatments fortime-lapse experiments.
mFISH3D v1
Authors: Murakami Tatsuya
Published: November 2022

The protocol is for the multiplexed in situ hybridization in 3D (mFISH3D) in an adult mouse brain / a block of a human brain.
DEVELOPMENT OF THEATRICAL SPACE IN VERKHNEUDINSK (ULAN-UDE) IN 1920–1930
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, T. V. Palikova , A. S. Romannikova ,   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University
Published: November 2022

The problem of theatrical space is relatively new in Russian historical research, not to mention regional studies. In this regard, the issues of the development of theatrical space in Ulan-Ude are of interest both from the perspective of the specifics of its localiza-tion, and with regard to the lack of research on this topic. An important component of the research was the definition of the terms “cultural space” and “theatrical space”, as well as identification of the key approaches to the study of the latter and its structure. Since most of researchers consider theatrical space only in the context of cultural studies and art histo-ry, we have applied the conclusions obtained within the framework of these disciplines to the historical narrative and made it possible to identify the theatrical and spatial trend and its periods in accordance with the historical and cultural stages of the country's develop-ment. So, we have come to the conclusion that in the 1920–1930s the active development of the professional theatrical space took place in the republic, which center was the capital of Buryatia — Ulan-Ude. That processes was conditioned by the entire previous course of cultural development, and their subsequent expansion followed the path of the formation of national and specialized theaters using the potential of creative unions and educational institutions.
IMAGE OF VERKHNEUDINSK CITY IN EKATERINA SERGEYEVA’S (TANSKAYA) LETTERS OF THE EARLY 20th CENTURY
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, N. E. Zhukova
Published: November 2022

The article presents the thematic analysis of the letters by the famous resident of Verkhneudinsk — Ulan-Ude Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Sergeyeva (married name Tan-skaya) at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The letters are a unique historical source shining a spotlight on everyday life of the city. We have chosen the letters in which Ekaterina told her family and friends about Verkhneudinsk. Being a native of Chita, Ekaterina perceived Verkhneudinsk as her native and beloved place due to the the fact that her family and friends lived there. Obviously, the young girl placed her atten-tion on the most vivid and significant events from the social life of the city, such as mobi-lization and the passage of the first train. Considering the city provincial and gray, she during her long stay in St. Petersburg was sincerely interested in its life. Summing up the study, we have emphasized that despite the scarcity of subject descriptions of the city E. A. Sergeyeva’s (Tanskaya) letters show us the love and warmth of the residents to the city regardless the monotony of its cultural and social life, and unsuitable living conditions.
EURASIAN CONCEPT OF THE RUSSIAN SUPERETHOUS: THE SIGNIFICANCE FOR COMPREHENSION OF THE ETHNO-CULTURAL UNIQUENESS OF RUSSIA
Authors:   East-Siberian State University of Technology and Management, S. M. Sokolov , N. U. Khaliullina ,   Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2022

A significant contribution to the study of the ethnic history of Russia was the Eurasian concept of the Russian superethnos. The leaders of Eurasianism — a socio-philosophical doctrine, ideological and political movement of the Russian emigration of the 1920–1930s and L. N. Gumilev were the first to substantiate the uniqueness of the Russian superethnos and the importance of understanding the universal human value of the historical ethnocultural diversity of Russia. We have singled out the main provisions of the concept: Russia is a unique cultural and his-torical type and a geopolitical continent — Eurasia; Russia was initially a Eurasianpolyethnic superethnos; the Russian nation is not exhausted by its Slavic substratum; a special role in the formation of the “Eurasian nation” was played by the “Turanian element” and the relationship of geographical and historical factors; complementarity is the main feature of the Russian superethnos. We focus on the importance of the concept of superethnos in understanding Russia as a Eurasian power, on the fact that the concept of "Russian superethnos" can become a symbol of the national idea of Russia.
Православие и дипломатия в странах Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона
Authors:   Buryat State University
Published: November 2022

This publication is collection of proceedings of the scientific and practical conference which reflect the research results by scientists on topical issues of the history and current state of the Russian Orthodox Church, its interaction with state and public institutions. As an independent area the reports are presented on the significance of the religious factor in political and public life in Russia and abroad, on the state of church diplomacy in the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. An equally important area was the discussion of the problems of studying, preserving and using the cultural heritage of the Russian Orthodox Church and other traditional religions and confessions. The collection is intended for experts and a wide range of readers who are interested in various aspects of confessional interaction in the region
Indian prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia demystified by applying Dutch lipid clinic network criteria
Authors: Barde Akshay Kacharu , Sethi Sumit , Bhargav Mohan , Waghdhare Swati
Published: November 2022

Background: Dyslipidemia is a growing problem in India, with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) being an under diagnosed and under treated cause of the same. FH is a common genetic disorder associated with high LDL cholesterol, leading to premature CAD and peripheral vascular diseases. The prevalence of FH is 1 in 250 individuals. True global prevalence of FH is underestimated. The prevalence of FH in Indian population is still unknown.Methods: A total 4000 patients who had tested their lipid profile at Max hospital, between Aug 2017-Aug 2019 were screened. Out of these we found 530 patients with LDL cholesterol ≥155 mg/dl. Amongst these, 90 patients consented for clinic visit and examination, and thus enrolled and   assessed for FH using the Dutch lipid clinic network (DLCN) criteria. Based on scores, patients were diagnosed as definite, probable, possible, or no FH. Other risk factors known to cause dyslipidemia such as smoking, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were excluded.Results: In a general population of 4000 patients, 4 individuals were detected with definite FH, showing a prevalence of 1 in 1000 (0.1%). Out of the enrolled 90 patients with high LDL cholesterol, 4 (4.44%) were diagnosed as definite, 14 (15.56%) as probable, 33 (36.67%) as possible, and 39 (43.33%) as unlikely FH.Conclusions: Prevalence of FH appears to be much higher among Indians with high LDL cholesterol. Therefore, it should not be ignored in individuals with high LDL cholesterol. To detect patients with FH, routine screening with simple DLCN criteria may be effectively used.
Assessment of quality of life of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a questionnaire survey
Authors: Alwedyan Safaa
Published: November 2022

Background: The civil war in Syria resulted in a massive wave of refugees out of Syria into many safer countries in the world. Many aspects of their lives have been affected, hence affecting their overall quality of life. There is a scarcity of information on the quality of life and factors influencing it for Syrian refugees. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life among Syrian refugees residing outside camps in Jordan.

Methods: A survey questionnaire was distributed to target Syrian refugees during a campaign "warmth and peace" to distribute winter needs to Syrian and Palestinian refugees organized by Qatar charity in cooperation with the Jordanian Hashemite Charitable Organization during the month of 12/2021. 239 questionnaires were collected. Quality of life was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire.  

Results: Most of the study population were females (57.3%). it was also observed that most of the study population were in the age group of 31−45 years (56.5%). (90.4%) of the study population were married. More than half of them have studied up to the primary level (63.6%). (44.8%) of households consisted of 4−6 person. With regard to monthly household income, most of them (87%) earned <300 JD. The Syrian refugees had a higher mean score in the psychological domain, followed by physical, environmental, and social.

Conclusions: Despite the support provided to Syrian refugees, it appears that they still suffer from poor physical, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental domains, with scores below 50 on a scale (0-100).
GIS-based Sustainability Assessment for Palm Oil Industry
Authors: Warid Hakara , Asrol Muhammad
Published: November 2022

The palm oil industry has its own issues, and one of them is related to sustainability issues. This paper aims to analyze and visualize the sustainability performance of the palm oil industry with Geographic Information System (GIS). The sustainability of the palm oil industry has three main dimensions, which are Economic, Social and Environmental. In this paper, 7 sustainability indicators were used in each of these dimensions. The results provide the sustainability performance measurement of the palm oil industry on several locations in Sumatra & Borneo islands, and have been visualized using the QGIS application.
An Architectural Model of a Software Module for Piloting UAV Constellations
Authors: Mijač Marko , Tomaš Boris , Stapić Zlatko
Published: November 2022

Technology behind unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAVs) has been rapidly advancing in the recent years. This propelled the adoption rate and widened the range of UAV uses, such as in sport activities, cartography, surveillance, transportation, and military. While using single, individually controlled UAVs is already very common, using UAV constellations is becoming increasingly popular due to advantages in flexibility, scalability and sensing power. However, the use of UAV constellations remains limited to very specific applications due to number of challenges involved. One of the challenges is the lack of generic software system that would allow controlling UAV constellations in different types of flight missions. In order to address this problem, we propose an architectural model of a software module for UAV constellation piloting.
Assessment of effect of coronary angioplasty within main trunk of left main coronary artery using scoring balloon catheter in comparison with technique using non-compliant balloon catheter – preliminary results
Authors: Żurek Przemysław , Gąsior Zbigniew , Kułach Andrzej , Ochała Andrzej
Published: November 2022

Wstęp

W pracy omówiono techniki modyfikacji blaszki miażdżycowej w pniu lewej tętnicy wieńcowej wraz z przedstawieniem wyników własnych zabiegów z użyciem cewnika nacinającego (AngioSculpt) oraz cewnika niepodatnego (non-compliant balloon – NC balloon).

Materiał i metody

Do badania włączono 23 pacjentów spełniających kryteria włączenia przy braku kryteriów wyłączających z badania. U 13 pacjentów przeprowadzono angioplastykę (percutaneous coronary intervention – PCI) z użyciem cewnika nacinającego, u 10 pacjentów z użyciem cewnika balonowego niepodatnego.

Wyniki

Grupy nie różniły się pod względem danych demograficznych ani chorób współistniejących. W grupie badanej uzyskano większą średnicę pnia lewej tętnicy wieńcowej (left main – LM) w ocenie za pomocą ultrasonografii wewnątrznaczyniowej (intravascular ultrasound – IVUS). W grupie kontrolnej częściej stosowano technikę dwustentową; jednak ze względu na małą liczbę uczestników nie osiągnięto istotności statystycznej. W grupie kontrolnej użycie większej ilości kontrastu wiązało się z częstszym stosowaniem techniki dwustentowej. Pomimo jednego zawału mięśnia sercowego (myocardial infarction – MI), związanego z zabiegiem w grupie kontrolnej, śmiertelność 2-letnia między grupami była podobna. Regresja logistyczna nie wykazała istotnego związku żadnej z badanych zmiennych z 2-letnią śmiertelnością.

Wnioski

Wstępne wyniki naszego badania sugerują, że nie ma różnicy we wczesnych wynikach 30-dniowych oraz 2-letniej śmiertelności w randomizowanej grupie pacjentów poddawanych angioplastyce wieńcowej pnia lewej tętnicy wieńcowej z użyciem cewnika balonowego nacinającego i cewnika balonowego niepodatnego. Wybór optymalnej strategii leczenia zwężenia LM jest nadal przedmiotem badań, a doświadczenie operatora ma fundamentalne znaczenie.
Seed Biopriming by Endophytes for Enhanced Field Performance of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) COH(M) 8
Authors: T. Poovarasan. , Jerlin R. , Kennedy J.S. , Senthil N. , Sasthri G. , Anand T.
Published: November 2022

Background: Endophytes are generally defined as symptomless fungal or bacterial microorganisms, which are associated with their host plants by colonizing the internal plant parts, which has made them as a valuble tool in improving crop performance in agriculture. With this view, the study was conducted to assess the efficacy of endophytes when used as seed biopriming agent on plant growth and seed yield of hybrid maize COH(M) 8 under field conditions during 2021-2022. Methods: The present study was carried out with different endophytic seed priming for 12 hrs duration at the ratio of 1:1 volume/volume with Beauveria bassiana @ 5%, Metarhizium anisopliae @ 5% and Bacillus subtilis @ 8% along with hydro priming and untreated control combined with foliar spray at 30th and 50th days after sowing (DAS). Result: The results revealed that among various endophytes used in this study, M. anisopliae @ 5% when used for biopriming of seeds as well as for foliar spraying @ 0.5% maximized the plant height (208.4 cm @ 45 DAS and 247.8 cm @ 75 DAS), leaf length (76.0 cm) chlorophyll (chl) content (chl a 0.423 mg/g, chl b 0.229 mg/g and total chl 0.652 mg/g), cob length (21.2 cm), seed yield/plot (6.89 kg) and seed yield/ha (5744 kg).
A Comparative Analysis of Reproductive and Productive Performance of Jharkhand State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation
Authors: Mandi Kalyan , Chakravarty Ritu , Ponnusamy K. , Kadian K.S. , Dixit A.K. , Singh Magan , Bara Niva , Oraon Jagarnath , Jha B.K.
Published: November 2022

Background: The reproductive and productive performance play significant role in judging the qualitative and quantitative traits in a dairy animal and has direct effect on the milk production and profitability in any dairy enterprise. Methods: The present study was conducted in Jharkhand State, wherein 180 members of Jharkhand State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation and 180 non-member dairy farmers were randomly selected from three districts of Jharkhand. The data was collected from a total of 360 respondents using structured interview schedule. For present study, 135 crossbred, 58 indigenous cattle and 82 buffaloes were selected from the members; whereas 102 crossbred cattle, 36 indigenous cattle and 79 buffaloes were selected from non-members. Result: The findings revealed that dairy animals reared by cooperative members showed better reproductive and productive performance that their non-member counterparts. This is attributed to reason that JMF members adopted better dairy management practices due to availability of timely veterinary services, quality feed and training on improved dairy practices. Therefore, through increased participation in JMF; creating awareness and training regarding improved dairy management, adequate extension, breeding policy and financial support would further enhance the productivity among the dairy animals in the state.
Preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in craniotomy patients
Authors: YILMAZ Berna , UYAR Meltem , DERBENT Abdurrahim , EYİGÖR Can , KARAMAN Semra
Published: November 2022

Aim: This study aimed to determine preoperative anxiety and pain levels in patients who underwent craniotomy and investigate the effects on the development of postoperative acute-chronic pain.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective, observational study, STAI-I (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and STAI-II were used to measure preoperative anxiety levels in a total of 104 patients who underwent craniotomy, and a visual analog score (VAS) was used to determine pain. Demographic data of the patients, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) scores, comorbidities, preoperative and postoperative VAS scores, cause of preoperative anxiety, type, and duration of operation were recorded.
Results: The mean values of STAI tests showed that 31.3% of our patients had mild preoperative anxiety, 58.7% had moderate and 10% had severe preoperative anxiety. In the STAI tests we performed before the operation, the mean values were 44 ± 11.2 for STAI-I and 44.5 ± 9.4 for STAI-II. The causes of preoperative anxiety in patients were determined as surgical operation (35.6%), anesthesia applications (17.3%), insufficient information (11.5%), and the possibility of postoperative pain (3.8%). It was observed that 60.6% of our patients had pain in the preoperative period, 51.9% of patients had acute pain in postoperative the 0th minute, 69.2% in 30th minute, 54.8% in 1st hour, 44.2% in 2nd hour, 34.6% in 24th hour, 22.1% in 48th hour, and 51% of patients had chronic pain in postoperative 6th month. We found a significant relationship between STAI-I and VAS scores at the 48th hour and, between STAI-II and VAS scores at the 2nd, 24th hour, and 6th month (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was observed that craniotomy patients mostly had moderate anxiety and moderate to severe pain before the operation, and moderate-severe acute and chronic pain developed after the operation. A significant correlation was found between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain.
Profitability of chemically cross-linked collagen scaffold production using bovine pericardium: revaluing waste from the meat industry for biomedical applications
Authors: Cruz Arturo de la , Sánchez José de Jesús Ibarra , Mendoza-Novelo Birzabith , Segovia-Hernandez Juan Gabriel , Guerrero Carlos Eduardo Molina
Published: November 2022

The meat industry generates a significant amount of waste which can be used to manufacture biomedical implants. In addition, the current interest in increasing life expectancy has stimulated the development of new tissue substitutes including chemically cross-linked collagen scaffolds. However, they are usually expensive and inaccessible to low-income families. In the present report, we present an economic analysis of a continuous process for chemically cross-linked collagen scaffold production in a Mexican context. For this purpose, three production capacities were proposed: 5, 15, and 25 X 103 bovine pericardium units (BPU) per month as process feedstock. Data indicated that these capacities produced 2.5, 7.5, and 12.5 kg of biomesh per batch (per day), respectively. In addition, Net Unit Production Costs (NUPC) of 784.57, 458.94, and 388.26 $USD.kg-1 were obtained, correspondingly, with selling prices of 0.16 ± 0.078 USD.cm-2, 0.086 ± 0.043 USD.cm-2, and 0.069 ± 0.035 USD.cm-2, in the same order. We found that these selling prices are significantly lower than those in the current market in Mexico. Finally, distribution of costs associated with the process followed the order: raw materials> facility-dependent > labor > Royalties > Quality analysis/Quality control (QA/QC) > Utilities. The present study showed the feasibility of producing low-cost and highly profitable biomeshes with a relatively small investment. As a result, circular bioeconomy may be stimulated.
A two-phase study investigating the benefit of additional 0.5% cocaine mouthwash to institutional standard of care mucositis management
Authors: Grover Piyush , Tang Colin , Dhaliwal Satvinder S. , Kernutt Elizabeth , Dass Joshua , Dewar Joanna , White Rohen , Lim Annette M.
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Mucositis remains a challenging complication of radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. There is limited data on the safety or effectiveness of cocaine mouthwash (CMW) to treat mucositis.
Methods
This was single centre, prospective sequential cohort study in HNC patients undergoing CRT. Patients were allocated to the standard of care mucositis management (SOC arm) or SOC + 0.5% CMW (CMW arm). We assessed the benefit of CMW in the management of mucositis on patient reported quality of life (QoL) using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and H&N35 questionnaires at baseline, during CRT, at 1- and 3-months follow-up.
Results
64 patients were enrolled in the SOC arm and 65 patients in the CMW arm. Baseline characteristics were similar between the arms. Most patients were male (80-89%) who received 70Gy of radiation (63-78%) with cisplatin (86-94%). Grade 2 and 3 mucositis were experienced in up to 51.7% and 28.8% patients respectively, but no meaningful differences were observed between the arms. Morbidity was high without significant differences observed between arms, with high hospitalisation rates (45.3-53.8%), need for enterostomy feeding (21.9-36.9%) and opioid analgesic prescription (≤56.5%). Weight at 3-month follow-up was significantly lower compared to baseline for both arms but was not significantly different between the arms. No significant differences were observed in patient reported QoL between the arms (adjusted and unadjusted), or when assessed using a 10-point clinically meaningful difference threshold (p>0.05).
Conclusion
Addition of CMW to SOC management did not demonstrate benefit or harm. CRT associated mucositis has significant morbidity.
Traffic Signs Detection and Recognition Based on the improved YOLOv5 Algorithm
Authors: Tong Hu , Gong Zhengwei , Jun Song
Published: November 2022

In the field of autonomous driving, issues including bad weather, dim illumination, and small targets are likely to cause drivers to misjudge traffic signs and cause unpredictable or even extremely catastrophic accidents. We propose a traffic sign detection and recognition based on the improved YOLOv5 algorithm. Traditional target detection systems have obvious limitations. Deep learning techniques can learn and self-adaptively extract feature information of traffic sign. On the one hand, the method is based on the YOLOv5 network structure, adding convolutional block attention module between feature channels, improving the recognition capability; on the other hand, in order to train the datasets obtain a good detection rate, transfer learning was used. According to the experimental findings, the approach may be used to train and recognize 29 different types of traffic sign data that were taken from the Chinese TT100K datasets. The accuracy of the recognition rate reaches 86.8%, which is 1.5% better than the traditional YOLOv5 algorithm, and satisfies the standards for traffic sign recognition. The detection process is faster and produces more accurate results.
What is the effect of breastfeeding duration on obesity and hepatosteatosis in the postpartum period?
Authors: Coşgun Süleyman , Ünal Derya
Published: November 2022

Background:Hepatosteatosis, which we frequently observe today with change in lifestyle, is often unnoticed, but preventable and reversible; if not prevented, it can lead to serious comorbidities. There is contradicting evidence in the literature; we believe that breastfeeding has a protective effect on hepatosteatosis. In this cross-sectional study we conducted, we aimed to examine the relationship between breastfeeding duration, metabolic parameters and fatty liver.
Methods: We examined the data of 135 patients aged 20–40 years who have had at least 1 pregnancy and admitted to our polyclinic. Measurements of height and weight were taken, and number of children and total breastfeeding time were questioned. Blood values were measured to calculate insulin resistance, NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) fibrosis score and fib4 score.
Results:Consequently, there was no significant correlation between total breastfeeding time and body mass index (BMI), NAFLD fibrosis score, HOMA-IR value and HbA1c. When two groups were formed as patients breastfeeding for <6 months and patients breastfeeding for >6 months, a significant difference in BMI was observed between these two groups (p: 0.02). There was a significant relationship between BMI and NAFLD (p: 0.00) and HOMA-IR (p: 0.00).
Conclusions:Lactation should be maintained for at least six months for maternal health together with the baby’s health, and more comprehensive studies should be conducted for long-term data.
Integrated Analysis of a Competing Endogenous RNA Network Reveals a Ferroptosis-related 6-LncRNA Prognostic Signature in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Qing , Gong Zhenqi , Lin Shaoxiong , Ou Dehua , Lin Weilong , Shen Peilin
Published: November 2022

Background: This study set out to elucidate the biological functions and prognostic role of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs based on a synthetic analysis of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Methods: Ferroptosis-related genes were obtained from the FerrDb database. The expression data and matched clinical information of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were obtained to identify differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs). The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was established utilizing the common miRNAs that were predicted in the RNAHybrid, StarBase, and TargetScan databases. Then, by progressive univariate Cox regression, LASSO,and multivariate Cox regression analysis of gene expression data and clinical information, a ferroptosis-related lncRNA prognosis signature was constructed based on the lncRNAs in ceRNA. Finally, the influence of independent lncRNAs on ccRCC was explored through a series of functional and unsupervised cluster analysis.
Results: A total of 35 ferroptosis-related DEmRNAs, 356 DElncRNAs, and 132 DEmiRNAs were sorted out from the KIRC cohort of TCGA database. Overlapping DElncRNA-DEmiRNA and DEmiRNA-DEmRNA interactions among the RNAHybrid, StarBase, and TargetScan databases were constructed and identified, then a ceRNA network with 77 axes related to ferroptosis was established utilizing mutual DEmiRNAs in two interaction networks as nodes. Through synthetic analysis of the expression data and clinical information of 27 lncRNAs in the ceRNA network, a 6-ferroptosis-lncRNA signature including PVT1, CYTOR, MIAT, SNHG17, LINC00265, and LINC00894 was identified in the training set. Kaplan-Meier, PCA, t-SNE analysis, risk score curve, and ROC curve were performed to confirm the validity of the signature in the training set and secondly verified in the validation set. Finally, ssGSEA and ESTIMATE analysis showed that the signature was related with immune cell infiltration and could predict immune-related phenotypes.
Conclusions: Our research underlines the role of the 6-ferroptosis-lncRNA signature as a predictor of prognosis and a therapeutic alternative for KIRC.
Association of m1A modification genes polymorphisms with glioma risk in Chinese children Running head: m1A genes polymorphisms and glioma risk
Authors: Liao Fan , Hua Rui-Xi , Jia Xingyu , Liao Yuxiang , Yuan Li , Ruan Jichen , Li Tianfeng , Zhuo Zhenjian , He Jing
Published: November 2022

Background
Glioma is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with a high mortality rate, poor prognosis. m1A is an RNA methylation modification that plays a vital role in determining cell fate and cell cycle regulation, and cancer development. However, whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of m1A modification genes are associated with glioma risk is unclear.
Methods
We recruited 314 pediatric glioma patients and 380 cancer-free controls from China and genotyped 20 SNPs of m1A modification genes TRMT10C, TRMT61B, TRMT6, TRM61, ALKBH1, YTHDC1, YTHDF1, and YTHDF2 by TaqMan method. The association of polymorphisms with glioma risk was assessed by the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) generated by logistic regression models. Stratified analysis was performed by age, gender, tumor subtype, and clinical stage.
Results
The results showed that TRMT10C rs2303476, TRMT10C rs4257518, TRM61rs2296484, YTHDF2 rs3738067 polymorphisms, and carriage of 2-4 risk genotypes (rs7641261 CT/TT, rs2303476 TC/CC, rs4257518 GG, and rs3762735 GG) were significantly associated with increased risk of glioma, TRMT61Brs4563180, YTHDC1 rs2293595, YTHDC1 rs3813832 polymorphisms and carrying 1-3 protective genotypes (rs2293596 CC, rs2293595 TC/CC, and rs3813832 TC/ CC) were significantly associated with reduced risk of glioma. In addition, analysis of the expression quantitative trait locus showed that TRM61rs2296484 T genotype significantly increased TRM61 mRNA expression, YTHDF2rs3738067 G genotype significantly increased YTHDF2 mRNA expression, and TRMT61B rs4563180 C genotype significantly decreased TRMT61B mRNA expression.
Conclusions
Overall, we identified several promising candidates for m1A modification gene polymorphisms as biomarkers of glioma risk.
Strong-coupled Co0.85 Se/rGO composite as high-efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution
Authors: Feng Zhongbao , Ren Lili , Liu Yanting , Gao Bo
Published: November 2022

Designing high performance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst is critical for water electrolysis. In this work, a self-supported nanoporous structured Co0.85Se/rGO was prepared on Ni foam (NF) during electrodeposition. The combination of Co0.85Se and rGO can significantly increase electronic conductivity and electrochemically active sites of Co0.85Se/rGO than Co0.85Se and NF. Co0.85Se/rGO shows a low overpotential of 274 mV to afford a high current density of 100 mA cm− 2, a small Tafel slope of 26.5 mV dec− 1, a high durability of 93.6% at a high current density of 100 mA cm− 2 after 24 h test for OER, which is at top level among Co-Se based catalyst that recently reported. The reason for the excellent stability of Co0.85Se/rGO is investigated, mainly attributed to the well maintained nanoporous structure, nearly unchanged electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) and its superaerophobic nature.
Controversies Around COVID-19 Vaccines and Antidepressants: Scope
and Perspective in Malaysia
Authors: Chong Guan Ng , Weng Hou Siew , Abousheishaa Aya Ahmed , Sue Yin Low , bin Sulaiman Abdul Rasyid , Chee Khin Kok
Published: November 2022

Background:

Individuals with severe mental illness are prone to severe COVID-19
infection with increased morbidity and mortality. Psychiatric patients are often concerned about
the potential interactions between the newly approved COVID-19 vaccines in Malaysia and
psychotropic drugs like antidepressants. To date, such data are unavailable.

Objectives:

This review aims to clear the polemics of COVID-19 vaccine-antidepressants
interaction in these 3 aspects: (1) cytokines and cytochrome P450 pathway, (2) blood-brain barrier
(BBB) involvement and (3) and its interaction with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the potential
allergenic culprit following COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods:

A scoping approach was employed to search for peer-reviewed journal articles across
four healthcare and scientific databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index to
Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)).

Results:

Antidepressants metabolism often involves the CYP450 enzymes. Vaccine-antidepressants
interactions are probable, likely to be triggered by interactions of CYP450 enzymes and
inflammatory cytokines, resulting in diminished drug metabolism and chemical detoxification.
Aside, PEG, the excipient in mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines and antidepressants, has been
reported as an anaphylaxis causative allergen. However, whether it leads to synergistic,
potentiation or antagonistic effects when used in combination remains to be elucidated.

Conclusion:

Psychotropic medications, including antidepressants, showed potentially relevant
safety risks for COVID-19 patients. These vulnerable patient group must be prioritized for early
access to safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccines, as vaccination remains the most important
public health intervention to tackle the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Matched Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty and Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Cases: Formative Cohort Study
Authors: Marshall Skye , G Rich Graeme , Cohen Felicity , Soni Asha , Isenring Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Background

Bariatric weight-loss surgery rates are increasing internationally. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a novel, minimally invasive endoscopic procedure thought to mimic some of the effects of a more common surgery, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Patient factors affecting procedural choice are unexplored.

Objective

This formative study aimed to determine the preoperative and early postoperative characteristics of adults matched for age, sex, and BMI who chose ESG versus LSG.

Methods

This prospective cohort study recruited ESG and matched LSG adults in Australia. Preoperative outcomes were medical history, glycemic biomarkers, blood lipids, liver function enzymes, albumin, blood pressure, hepatic steatosis index, the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life–Lite questionnaire, and body composition via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Adverse events were recorded preoperatively and up to 2 weeks postoperatively. SPSS was used to test if there were differences between cohorts by comparing means or mean ranks, and binary regression was used to understand how characteristics might predict procedure choice.

Results

A total of 50 (including 25 ESG and 25 LSG) patients were recruited, who were primarily White (45/50, 90%) and female (41/50, 82%) with a mean age of 41.7 (SD 9.4) years. Participants had a mean of 4.0 (SD 2.2) active comorbid conditions, with the most common being nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (38/50, 76%), back pain (32/50, 64%), anxiety or depression (24/50, 48%), and joint pain (23/50, 46%). The LSG cohort had higher hemoglobin A1c (5.3%, SD 0.2%) than the ESG cohort (5%, SD 0.2%; P=.008). There was a 2.4 kg/m2 difference in median BMI (P=.03) between the groups, but fat and fat-free mass had no meaningful differences. Comparing the LSG and ESG groups showed that the LSG group had lower total quality of life (49.5%, SD 10.6% vs 56.6%, SD 12.7%; P=.045), lower weight-related self-esteem (10.7%, IQR 3.6%-25% vs 25%, IQR 17.9%-39.3%; P=.02), and worse abdominal pain (38.9%, IQR 33.3%-50% vs 53.9%, SD 14.2%, P=.01). For every percent improvement in weight-related self-esteem, the odds for selecting ESG increased by 4.4% (95% CI 1.004-1.085; P=.03). For every percent worsening in hunger pain, the odds for selecting ESG decreased by 3.3% (95% CI 0.944-0.990; P=.004).

Conclusions

There was very little evidence that Australian adults who chose an endoscopic versus surgical sleeve had different rates of comorbidities, body fat percentage, or weight-related quality of life. There was evidence against the test hypothesis, that is, there was evidence suggesting that lower self-esteem predicted choosing a more invasive sleeve (ie, LSG rather than ESG)

Trial Registration

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000337279; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=374595
Efficacy of the Mental Health App Intellect to Reduce Stress: Randomized Controlled Trial With a 1-Month Follow-up
Authors: Toh Sean Han Yang , Tan Jessalin Hui Yan , Kosasih Feodora Roxanne , Sündermann Oliver
Published: November 2022

Background

Excessive stress is a major global health concern, particularly in young adults. Short skills-focused self-guided interventions (SGIs) on smartphones are a scalable way to improve stress-coping skills at the population level.

Objective

In this randomized controlled trial, we aimed to examine the possible efficacy of a recently developed stress-coping SGI (Intellect) in improving psychological distress, relative to an active control group and 2 potential moderators of this predicted relationship (ie, psychological mindedness [PM] and coping self-efficacy [CSE]).

Methods

University students (N=321) were randomly assigned to either an 8-day SGI on stress-coping or an active control group. Self-reported measures were obtained at baseline, after the intervention, and at the 1-month follow-up. The primary outcome was psychological stress (Psychological Stress Measure-9). Secondary outcomes were anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). PM and CSE were assessed as potential moderators at baseline.

Results

The final sample (n=264) included 188 (71.2%) female, 66 (25%) male, 7 (2.7%) nonbinary, and 3 (1.1%) others participants with a mean age of 22.5 (SD 5.41) years. The intervention group reported significantly lower perceived stress (partial eta–squared [ηp2]=0.018; P=.03) and anxiety (ηp2=0.019; P=.03) levels after intervention relative to the active control group. The effects on perceived stress levels remained statistically significant at the 1-month follow-up (ηp2=0.015; P=.05). Students with the lowest CSE and highest PM experienced the fastest decline in perceived stress levels (β=6.37, 95% Cl 2.98-9.75). Improvements in anxiety levels were not observed at 1-month follow-up. Similarly, no intervention effects were found for depression levels at postintervention and follow-up periods.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence that the Intellect stress-coping SGI is effective in reducing perceived stress and anxiety levels among university students. Mobile health apps are brief, scalable, and can make important contributions to public mental health.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04978896; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04978896
Virtual Reality Therapy for People With Epilepsy and Related Anxiety: Protocol for a 3-Phase Pilot Clinical Trial
Authors: Gray Hannah Gabrielle , Tchao Danielle , Lewis-Fung Samantha , Pardini Susanna , Harris Laurence R , Appel Lora
Published: November 2022

Background

Anxiety is one of the most common psychiatric comorbidities in people with epilepsy and often involves fears specifically related to the condition, such as anxiety related to the fear of having another seizure. These epilepsy- or seizure-related fears have been reported as being more disabling than the seizures themselves and significantly impact quality of life. Although research has suggested that exposure therapy (ET) is helpful in decreasing anxiety in people with epilepsy, no research to our knowledge has been conducted on ET in people with epilepsy using virtual reality (VR). The use of novel technologies such as an immersive VR head-mounted display for ET in this population offers several benefits. Indeed, using VR can increase accessibility for people with epilepsy with transportation barriers (eg, those who live outside urban centers or who have a suspended driver’s license owing to their condition), among other advantages. In the present research protocol, we describe the design of an innovative VR-ET program administered in the home that focuses on decreasing anxiety in people with epilepsy, specifically anxiety related to their epilepsy or seizures.

Objective

Our primary objective is to examine the feasibility of the study protocol and proposed treatment as well as identify suggestions for improvement when designing subsequent larger clinical trials. Our secondary objective is to evaluate whether VR-ET is effective in decreasing anxiety in a pilot study. We hypothesize that levels of anxiety in people with epilepsy will decrease from using VR-ET.

Methods

This mixed methods study comprises 3 phases. Phase 1 involves engaging with those with lived experience through a web-based questionnaire to validate assumptions about anxiety in people with epilepsy. Phase 2 involves filming videos using a 360° camera for the VR-ET intervention (likely consisting of 3 sets of scenes, each with 3 intensity levels) based on the epilepsy- and seizure-related fears most commonly reported in the phase 1 questionnaire. Finally, phase 3 involves evaluating the at-home VR-ET intervention and study methods using a series of validated scales, as well as semistructured interviews.

Results

This pilot study was funded in November 2021. Data collection for phase 1 was completed as of August 7, 2022, and had a final sample of 18 participants.

Conclusions

Our findings will add to the limited body of knowledge on anxiety in people with epilepsy and the use of VR in this population. We anticipate that the insights gained from this study will lay the foundation for a novel and accessible VR intervention for this underrecognized and undertreated comorbidity in people with epilepsy.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05296057; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05296057

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/41523
EWING SARCOMA FAMILY OF TUMORS OF SCAPULA IN CHILDREN
Authors: Živanović Dragoljub , Marjanović Zoran
Published: November 2022

Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is the second most common malignant bone tumor accounting for 5-10% of malignancies in childhood. The scapula is rarely affected and only several reports have been published. Early symptoms of Ewing’s sarcoma of the scapula may be ignored by patients or misinterpreted by physicians, leading  to a delay in diagnosis.  In the retrospective analysis, we identified 3 patients (2 males) with Ewing’s sarcoma of scapula, aged 11 -14½ years in a 15-year period. The introduction of combined treatment with multimodal chemotherapy, surgical resection and/or radiation therapy  has  improved the survival of patients with Ewing’s sarcoma significantly. Several options for resection of ES of scapula were described with generally unfavorable functional results. Two patients were treated with chemotherapy and resection of the scapula. The third patient is on chemotherapy. Two patients died after 2½ and 4 years. In children and adolescents presenting with shoulder pain, Ewing’s sarcoma must be ruled out.
Reconstrucción de cadenas de valor y de suministros en los ranchos de atún aleta azul de Baja California y su resiliencia ante las medidas sustentables
Authors: Márquez Maldonado Jesús Javier
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: analizar la estructura administrativa de los ranchos de captura y engorda de atún aleta azul en Ensenada, Baja California, para conocer la gestión de la cadena de valor y de la cadena de suministros, la colaboración con académicos e investigadores, el acceso a financiamiento y al fomento y el efecto de las medidas internacionales de sustentabilidad del atún aleta azul en las exportaciones al mercado japonés. Metodología: mixta con énfasis en el enfoque cualitativo a través de entrevistas a informantes claves. Resultados: la reconstrucción del encadenamiento productivo mediante el contraste entre el nivel de contribución de la academia, de las instituciones financieras y del gobierno. Limitaciones: las entrevistas en su mayoría fueron virtuales reduciendo el lenguaje no verbal, el interés y motivación; otras, presenciales. Valor: estudio empírico sobre la pesquería de una especie escasa en el medio natural, muy redituable y valorada por un mercado de exportación. Conclusiones: se evidencia un eslabonamiento estratégico vinculado a su ubicación geográfica, escasa concurrencia del modelo triple hélice, influencia del mercado y organizaciones internacionales encargadas de la sustentabilidad de la especie.