bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Εξ αποστάσεως Επιμόρφωση Δασκάλων. Εφαρμογή, Στατιστική Ανάλυση και Αποτίμηση.
Authors: Στρίγκας Κωνσταντίνος Πέτρος , Τσιμπίρης Αλκιβιάδης
Published: September 2019

Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης στη διαδικασία επιμόρφωσης των δασκάλων. Έγινε καταγραφή των απόψεων των 89 εκπαιδευτικών Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης, μετά από τη συμμετοχή τους σε προγράμματα εξ αποστάσεως επιμόρφωσης. Πραγματοποιήθηκαν δύο προγράμματα εξ αποστάσεως επιμόρφωσης από δύο Σχολικούς Συμβούλους της 1ης και 2ης Εκπαιδευτικής Περιφέρειας Σερρών, με χρήση της πλατφόρμας ασύγχρονης εκπαίδευσης OpeneClass και της πλατφόρμας σύγχρονης εκπαίδευσης BigBlueButton. Το πρώτο πρόγραμμα είχε ως θέμα «Στρατηγικές-Μέθοδοι-Τεχνικές Διδασκαλίας» και το δεύτερο «Θετική ψυχολογία και Συναισθήματα στην εκπαίδευση». Η συμμετοχή στο δεύτερο πρόγραμμα  παρουσιάστηκε διπλάσια σχετικά με το πρώτο. Με την ολοκλήρωση σε καθένα από τα προγράμματα υλοποιήθηκε έρευνα με ερωτηματολόγια ερωτήσεων κλειστού τύπου μέσω της πλατφόρμας, ώστε να καταγραφούν οι στάσεις και οι απόψεις των δασκάλων για την εμπειρία τους κατά την διάρκεια της τηλεπιμόρφωσης καθώς και τα συμπεράσματα τους για την υλοποίηση εξ αποστάσεως επιμορφώσεων γενικότερα. Στα αποτελέσματα, μεγάλο ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει η επιθυμία  και η εμπιστοσύνη του μεγαλύτερου μέρους των συμμετεχόντων στις εξ αποστάσεως επιμορφώσεις, καθώς και οι θετικές σκέψεις  των εκπαιδευτικών για περεταίρω χρήση διαδικτυακών χώρων υποστήριξης εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης.
Η διδακτική των Μαθηματικών μέσω της Τέχνης με την Αξιοποίηση Ψηφιακών Τεχνολογιών: Μία Έρευνα-Δράση στο πεδίο της Συμπληρωματικής Σχολικής εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Τζήλου Γεωργία , Παπαδημητρίου Σοφία
Published: September 2019

Η παρούσα έρευνα-δράση στοχεύει στη μελέτη μεθόδου συνεργατικής εξ αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευσης αξιοποιώντας την Τέχνη, τα ψηφιακά εργαλεία στη διδακτική των Μαθηματικών και την εκπαιδευτική κοινότητας μάθησης «eTwinning»». Μέσα από την κοινότητα μάθησης 4 σχολικών μονάδων της Α/θμιας Εκπαίδευσης, οι μαθητές συνεργατικά υλοποιούν δράσεις και ανταλλάσσουν γνώσεις και πληροφορίες Η έρευνα-δράση είχε διάρκεια 4 μηνών και εντάχθηκε στις καινοτόμες δράσεις, που υλοποίησε η σχολική μονάδα. Στο πλαίσιο της έρευνας μελετήθηκαν η αποτελεσματικότητα των συνεργατικών μεθόδων της συμπληρω-ματικής εξ αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευσης στην κοινότητα μάθησης «eTwinning» και η συμβολή της Τέχνης στην καλλιέργεια και την άσκηση της μαθηματικής σκέψης. Τα συμπεράσματα ήταν θετικά ως προς την εφαρμογή της στην Α/θμια με στόχο την ενθάρρυνση των μαθητών στη χρήση των νέων ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών.
Heat transfer: In 2 parts. Part 2: Exercises and tasks
Authors: Чередниченко Владимир , Cherednichenko Vladimir , Синицын Валерий , Sinicyn Valeriy , Алиферов Александр , Aliferov Aleksandr , Шаров Юрий , Sharov Yuriy
Published: September 2019

The tutorial provides brief theoretical information on heat transfer and heat exchange, as well as exercises and tasks on heat transfer in various electrical, Electromechanical, power and electrical equipment. Typical tasks are provided with detailed solutions, other tasks and exercises-answers and guidelines.
It can be useful for students studying the sections of heat transfer and heat and mass transfer.
Capacity issues at the front door
Authors: Lepping Peter
Published: September 2019

Decision-making capacity is often overestimated by clinicians. An average of one third of patients lack capacity to make complex decisions and clinicians should be alert to such a possibility. Cognitive impairment, acute infection, intoxication and other common medical and psychiatric problems can impair patients' capacity. The Mental Capacity Act 2005 has to be applied when treating patients who lack capacity. The main decision maker for a proposed treatment or investigation is responsible for assessing capacity. However, all clinicians have to consider and assess capacity, and act in a patient's best interests if he/she lacks capacity.
Modeling Fluid dynamics and Aerodynamics by Second Law and Bejan Number
(Part 1 - Theory)
Authors: TRANCOSSI Michele , PASCOA Jose
Published: September 2019

Two fundamental questions are still open about the complex relation between fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. Is it possible (and convenient) to describe fluid dynamic in terms of second law based thermodynamic equations? Is it possible to solve and manage fluid dynamics problems by mean of second law of thermodynamics? This chapter analyses the problem of the relationships between the laws of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics in both first and second law of thermodynamics in the light of constructal law. In particular, taking into account constructal law and the diffusive formulation of Bejan number, it defines a preliminary step through an extensive thermodynamic vision of fluid dynamic phenomena.
Key Performance Indicators to describe production activity with QTS-2 equipment
Authors: RUSU Manuela , SOARE Ilinca , BOTAN Mihail , DRAGOMIRESCU Alina , MILITARU Constantin
Published: September 2019

New equipment’s development involves a multidisciplinary approach and also risks associated with expected outcomes. Monitorization from incipient steps using KPIs could bring improvements and defensive strategies of preventions. This article presents the evaluation of production activities with QTS-2 equipment, using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). In order to identify weaknesses and mitigation actions, performance monitoring was performed. The production activities of the QTS-2 (Quick Thermal Shock) equipment were analyzed using delivery metrics definition guidance from IAQG - International Aerospace Quality Group, section 5.1.2.
Project management templates used to plan and manage product and service provision. Case study
Authors: SOARE Ilinca , RUSU Manuela , STEFAN Adriana , DRAGOMIRESCU Alina , MILITARU Constantin
Published: September 2019

This article presents a compilation of methods and techniques that help manage projects successfully and which are developed by IAQG - International Aerospace Quality Group. Project management is a structured process that helps teams to achieve specific project goals. It can be used for all types of projects and project sizes. The templates were created to provide organizations a single location of common templates that can be used as an actual project workbook. The project management templates were customized using the project Technologies for obtaining new composite materials with advanced properties.
Existence and static stability of a capillary free surface appearing in a dewetted Bridgman process. Part I.
Authors: BALINT Agneta M. , BALINT Stefan
Published: September 2019

This paper presents six theoretical results concerning the existence and static stability of a capillary free surface appearing in a dewetted Bridgman crystal growth technique. The results are obtained in an axis-symmetric 2D model for semiconductors for which 𝜃𝜃𝑐𝑐+𝛼𝛼𝑒𝑒<𝜋𝜋 (where:𝜃𝜃𝑐𝑐- wetting angle and 𝛼𝛼𝑒𝑒- growth angle). Numerical results are presented in case of InSb semiconductor growth. The reported results can help, the practical crystal growers, in better understanding the dependence of the free surface shape and size on the pressure difference across the free surface and prepare the appropriate seed size, and thermal conditions before seeding the growth process.
Unmanned aero-amphibious vehicle: preliminary study on conceptual design
Authors: CHATURVEDI Sudhir Kumar , VISHWATH N. C. Ajay , VERMA Himali , MANCHANDA Tanya
Published: September 2019

This research paper deals with the methods of designing of an unmanned aero-amphibious vehicle finally allowing its manufacture. The design does not includes only the structure and electronics circuit but also the control design that mainly consists of mathematical modeling of the control system. Aero-amphibious vehicle is a vehicle that has the potential to fly as well as to swim inside the water. So, the mathematical model would be more complex than the general quad copters or drones that fly these days. This mathematical model of aero-amphibious vehicle helps develop the autopilot control codes by converting them into transfer function and by applying the control laws. Structural design and electronic circuit design of this unmanned aerial vehicle were also presented in brief in this paper so that it would be easy to frame equations for the mathematical modeling. In order to justify the structural and electronic design, their constraints and limitations were also explained in this research paper. In the mathematical modeling part, different equations were solved using different methods and those methods were also demonstrated in this research paper.
Drunk Without Drinking: A Case of Auto-Brewery Syndrome
Authors: Akhavan Bobak J. , Ostrosky-Zeichner Luis , Thomas Eric J.
Published: September 2019

Information on auto-brewery syndrome is limited in the medical literature. This rare syndrome occurs when yeast overgrowth leads to ethanol fermentation in the gut. We present a patient presenting with symptoms of alcohol intoxication with objective laboratory data of elevated blood ethanol levels without a history of alcohol consumption. We reviewed the literature and have discussed the current diagnostic and therapeutic options.
Metabolically Healthy Obesity and the Risk of Erosive Esophagitis: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Tae Jun , Lee Hyuk , Baek Sun-Young , Kim Kyunga , Min Yang Won , Min Byung-Hoon , Lee Jun Haeng , Son Hee Jung , Rhee Poong-Lyul , Kim Jae J.
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Obesity is an established risk factor of erosive esophagitis, and metabolic unhealthiness has been implicated in the pathogenesis of erosive esophagitis. Yet, the risk of erosive esophagitis among obese individuals without obesity-related metabolic unhealthiness, a condition referred to as “metabolically healthy obese (MHO)”, remains unclear. We examined the association between body mass index (BMI) categories and the development of erosive esophagitis in a cohort of metabolically healthy individuals.

METHODS:

We conducted a cohort study of 14,725 asymptomatic adults free of erosive esophagitis and metabolic abnormalities, who underwent repeated health checkups including screening endoscopy. A metabolically healthy state was defined as having no metabolic syndrome components and a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance <2.5. The presence of erosive esophagitis was determined using endoscopy.

RESULTS:

During 81,385.2 person-years of follow-up, 1,865 participants developed erosive esophagitis (incidence rate, 22.9 per 1,000 person-years). The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident erosive esophagitis comparing overweight (BMI 23.0–24.9) and obese (≥25) with normal-weight participants (18.5–22.9) were 1.12 (1.00–1.25) and 1.29 (1.14–1.47), respectively. In dose-response analyses, increasing BMI also showed positive association with overall and LA-B grade or higher. The association persisted in MHO individuals without central obesity. The association between waist circumference categories and the development of erosive esophagitis was also evident.

DISCUSSION:

In a large cohort of strictly defined metabolically healthy men and women, the MHO phenotype was associated with an increased incidence of erosive esophagitis, providing evidence that the MHO phenotype is not protective from gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Analisis Kemandirian dan Efektivitas Keuangan Pada Kinerja Pemerintah Kota Medan
Authors: Harahap Junita Putri Rajana , Nasution Murni Dahlena
Published: September 2019

Performance is the output of activities / programs that have been planned in connection with the use of the budget with measurable quantity and quality. Implementation of performance is said to be good if the achievement is in accordance with what has been planned. Performance measurement is related to autonomy which requires the authority and responsibility of the local government in managing finances and running its government. Good performance can be measured by several ratios, namely the independence ratio and effectiveness of PAD, which was used in this study. This study aims to find out and analyze how the Medan city government in organizing its government in order to realize the interests of the community based on the principles of transparency and public accountability. This study uses descriptive analysis and uses quantitative and qualitative data with primary and secondary data sources. This research was conducted in the city government of Medan with years of research starting from 2012 to 2016. The results of this study indicate that the city government of Medan has been very independent and very effective in the performance of financial management and running the wheels of government.
Countermovement Jump and Drop Jump Performances Are Related to Grand Jeté Leap Performance in Dancers With Different Skill Levels
Authors: Blanco Penelope , Nimphius Sophia , Seitz Laurent B. , Spiteri Tania , Haff G. Gregory
Published: September 2019

Blanco, P, Nimphius, S, Seitz, LB, Spiteri, T, and Haff, GG. Countermovement jump and drop jump performances are related to grand jeté leap performance in dancers with different skill levels. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3386–3393, 2021—Thirty-five classical ballet dancers were chosen to investigate relationships between the grand jeté leap, countermovement jump (CMJ), and drop jump (DJ) and establish whether the magnitude of the relationship between these tests differed across 3 skill levels. Subjects (male: n = 11 and female: n = 24) were divided into 3 groups: novice (n = 12; age: 16.6 ± 1.5 years; height: 1.7 ± 0.1 m; body mass: 58.0 ± 13.0 kg), semiprofessional (n = 13; age: 20.0 ± 1.6 years; height: 1.7 ± 0.1 m; body mass: 64.1 ± 10.5 kg), and professional (n = 10; age: 23.8 ± 3.5 years; height: 1.8 ± 1.2 m; body mass: 63.3 ± 14.7 kg). Grand jeté leap height, followed by CMJ and DJ vertical displacement, was assessed. Significant relationships were found between the grand jeté, CMJ (r = 0.77, p = 0.001) and DJ (r = 0.76, p = 0.001). After a Fisher's r-z transformation, professional dancers and novice dancers showed greater r-value differences in CMJ (r
2 − r
1 = 0.27) compared with novice (r
2 − r
1 = 0.17) and semiprofessional dancers (r
2 − r
1 = 0.11), indicating larger strength of CMJ to grand jeté relationship in professionals. The grand jeté leap showed large to very large correlations with CMJ and DJ within groups. These common performance tests were determined to be practical and efficient methods for assessing the jumping ability of dancers. As dance skill increased, larger correlations were observed, suggesting that dancers with superior ballet skills may be more likely to use their underpinning physical capacities to jump higher within the context of ballet-specific jumping.
UNA APUESTA POR EL INTERCULTURALISMO CONTRA EL MULTICULTURALISMO
Authors: Ltxaso María Elósegui
Published: September 2019

En 1992 Charles Taylor escribiá un libra titulado Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition. Dos anos más tarde la misma editorial, Princeton University Press, publicá una reedicián. Se afiadía una leve variante en el título, la palavra examining: Multiculturalism. Examining the politics of recognition (Taylor, 1992). La novedad de esta edicián fue que se afiadieran dos nuevos ensayos, uno de Jürgen Habermas, titulado Stmggles for Recognition in the Democratic Constitutional State y el otro por K. Anthony Appiah, afraamericano, con lo que se afiade al libra una nota de color, en ese reclamo del recõnocimiento de la identidad.
O EXEMPLO DA CERA: imaginação e entendimento em Descartes
Authors: Oliveira Loraine
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - A partir do exemplo da cera, na Segunda Meditação, Descartes demonstra a diferença entre os conceitos de imaginação e entendimento, para responder à questão sobre o que se conhece da cera com tanta distinção, a qual em última análise é: o que conheço de mim com tanta distinção? Para saber o que conhece, é preciso saber através de qual faculdade conhece, se pela imaginação, ou pelo entendimento. Com o objetivo de chegar a tais conceitos, serão vistos os termos compreensão e concepção nas versões latina e francesa das Meditações. Por fim, se concluirá que o conhecimento não se dá pela imaginação, mas sim pelo entendimento.
DESCARTES: os quatro preceitos do Discurso do Método
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo R. R.
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - Descartes ao compor o seu Discurso do Método nos apresenta os quatro preceitos do método que é o modo de bem conduzir a razão. Estes quatro preceitos, a evidência, a divisão, a condução em ordem dos pensamentos do simples ao complexo e por fim fazer as enumerações completas e revisões, são capazes, como instrumento, de levar seu espirita à conquista da verdade. Pois são regras fáceis que tomam impossível tomar o falso por verdadeiro. E são exatamente quatro porque devem ser poucas as regras para de fato serem cumprídas. É neste sentido que este pequeno artigo desenvolve os quatro preceitos do Discurso do Método de Descartes.
ORÍGENES: concepção do saber, plano e método
Authors: Lupi João
Published: September 2019

SÍNTESE - Origenes é o primeiro pensador e mestre cristão sobre cuja obra escrita sistemática e ensino institucional é possível fazer uma apreciação criteriosa. Seu plano de estudos, por toda a vida, tem a Escritura como objeto único, enquadrado entre uma visão teórica integral e um destino apologético. A Sabedoria é o Logos, Cristo, e por isto a ciência total é a Teologia. O plano teórico do saber abrange a tríplice realidade: Deus, Mundo, Homem; e o programa de estudos segue este plano. Mas nem o plano nem o programa são rigidos, suas temáticas se interpenetram. O método de análise baseia-se no estudo literal do texto e a interpretação é alegórica ou literal; sua pedagogia tem como aspecto principal o exemplo da vida filosófica dado pelo mestre.
O SABER E OS CENTROS DE SABER NAS SETE PARTIDAS DE ALFONSO X O SÁBIO
Authors: Pedrero-Sánchez Maria Guadalupe
Published: September 2019

O período medieval é longo e de grande efervescência. Nele o saber foi se desenvolvendo e organizando aos poucos, acentuando-se sempre mais a importância da natureza. A partir do século XII, organizam-se escolas, no século XIII, as universidades. Nas "Siete Partidas" o rei Alfonso X idealiza e define o que seria o studi.um generale.
MÉTODOS E ORDEM DAS CIÊNCIAS NO COMENTÁRIO SOBRE O DE ANIMA ATRIBUÍDO A PEDRO HISPANO
Authors: Meirinhos J. F.
Published: September 2019

Nos três problemas preambulares e nas primeiras lições do Commentarium in De anima atribuído a Pedro Hispano, o autor: 1) discute a possibilidade de urna ciência da alma; 2) compara a ciência da alma com as outras ciências naturais; 3) identifica o método da ciência da alma. Daí emerge uma fundamentação da "ciência da alma" como "ciência do homem" e um modelo de organização das ciências, tendencialmente coincidente com a organização do corpus aristotélico, mas com a reivindicação da superioridade da Ciência da alma por razões gnosiológicas
ESCOLASTICISMO Y HUMANISMO: una confrontacion ajena a la "Batalla de las Artes"
Authors: Magnavacca Silvia
Published: September 2019

Esta comunicación se articula en três partes. En la primem, se caracteriza el Humanismo mediante la exposición de sus principales notas comúnmente acéptadas, y, por oposición, el Escolasticismo visto por los humanistas. A continuación, se distingue entre este último y la Escolástica. En la segunda parte, se perfilan dos posiciones interpretativas: la de Kristeller, quien ve la confrontación entre Escolasticismo y Humanismo como una lucha entre disciplinas rivales, y la de Garin, que la considera uma contraposición entre filosofias diversas. La comunicación procede, entonces, a ofrecer elementos que prueban la validez de la opinión de Garin contra la de Kristeller. Por último, en la conclusión, se exponen los fundamentos que justifican la posición asumida.
DAS BUCH VOM HEIDEN UND DEN DREI WEISEN
Authors: Fidora Alexander
Published: September 2019

No início deste ano, contemporânea a uma edição comemorativa dos quarenta anos deexistência do lnstitutus-Rainnmdus-Lullus em Freiburg i. Br., um tanto atrasada, mas nem por isso menos importante, apareceu a tradução alemã do Liber de gentili et tribus sapientibus, (em catalão Llibre del gentil e dels três savis). Duas circunstâncias tornaram importante o aparecimento deste livro para todos os que se interessam por Ramon Llull e pela cultura catalã. Em primeiro lugar, por ser esta não somente a primeira edição completa desta obra em alemão, que substitui a edição selecionada, muito fragmentária, de Xosé e Elisabeth Scheible1 mas, ao mesmo tempo, por ser a primeira tradução completa em língua alemã desta obra.2 Além disso, o fato de este livro aparecer numa tão conhecida editora como a de Philipp Reklam indica que o Buch vom Heiden und den drei Weisen será, pelo menos nos próximos anos, a obra de Llull pela qual os leitores alemães terão o primeiro contato com o fascinante pensamento do maiorquino. Esta obra, que representa uma importante contribuição para o discurso inter-religioso na Idade Média, presta-se verdadeiramente como introdução ao pensamento do Doctor muminatus e apresenta as características essenciais da análise combinatória de sua Ars, de forma altamente explícita e igualmente estética e literária. Constituem seu guia e base narrativa os diálogos de três sábios, representando as três grandes religiões, enquanto caminham por uma selva até a descoberta dum locua amoenus, magistralmente descrito, em meio do qual encontram cinco grandes árvores, em cujas folhas se acham gravadas as combinações binárias dos princípios básicos Julianos. Aqui os três sábios, e com eles o leitor, são conduzidos pela dama Inteligência, e com ajuda das árvores, na funcionalidade da análise combinatória Juliana, antes de exporem racionalmente aos desconfiados pagãos a confortadora verdade salvífica da respectiva fé de cada um. Com isso o tradutor e editor Theodor Pindl, que já se distinguiu com diversos trabalhos, especialmente sobre o Breviculum, satisfaz na sua versão, com poucas exceções,3 as qualidades tanto filosóficas como literárias da obra e produz um texto bastante legível. No entretanto, nao baseou sua tradução na edição crítica do texto catalão feita por Antoni Bonner,4 publicada em 1993 na série Nova edició de les obres de Ramon Llull, mas recorreu à edição latina de 1721, de Ivo Salzinger, reeditada em 1965. O que é de se admirar, pois a edição feita em Mainz por Ivo Sa!zinger, como é sabido, sofreu numerosas modificações no que diz respeito à ordem das frases e à escolha das palavras feitas pelo editor.
DIALÉTICA, PARADOXO E O ENIGMA DO HOMEM EM PASCAL
Authors: Castro Antonio Mauro Muanis de
Published: September 2019

Este artigo aborda a questão da dialética nos paradoxos enunciados por Blaise Pascal. Após fazer alusão ao início da dialética na Grécia antiga, o trabalho se desenvolve com a tematização das categorias utilizadas por Pascal, tais como: coração-razão, infinito-finito, grandeza- miséria, que apontam, em última instância, para o caráter insolúvel do enigma sobre o mundo, a vida e o ser humano.
A DIALÉTICA DA AÇÃO TRÁGICA NA ANTÍGONA EM HEGEL: uma abordagem aristotélica
Authors: De Barba Clarides Henrich
Published: September 2019

A ideia central desse estudo é que a tragédia em Hegel, mesmo que apresenta uma certa novidade sobre a estrutura dialética da ação trágica, ainda está vinculada com a teoria aristotélica apontada na Poética, porque trata sistematicamente dos três elementos qualitativos do trágico. A primeira fase do estudo caracteriza os três elementos da ação trágica em Aristóteles: mito, caráter e pensamento. A segunda fase demonstra o conteúdo da ação trágica na Estética de Hegel. Mas, é preciso estabelecer que Hegel segue Aristóteles não apenas numa análise abstrata, mas também no desenvolvimento concreto da ação trágica. Assim, a terceira fase analisa a função dos três elementos qualitativos da ação trágica em Antígona na Fenomenologia do Espírito. Embora, não é novidade que Hegel utiliza muito das obras de Aristóteles, até agora não foi encontrada uma explicação razoável pela literatura crítica sobre a análise hegeliana da teoria aristotélica da ação trágica.
LA RADIODIFUSIÓN V LA FORMACIÓN DE CIUDADANOS: Colombia 1920-1950
Authors: Gallego Alejandro Alvarez
Published: September 2019

El artículo muestra ei papel que jugó la radio en Colombia desde el momento de su aparición en el escenario social, su papel educativo y sus vínculos con el desarrollo industrial, con la configuración de las ciudades y com la necesidad de formar una identidad nacional. Hace énfasis en la forma corno desde allí se cuestionó la educación formal irnpartida desde la escuela y en la aparición de un nuevo paradigma para la educación, relacionado con el surgimento de la sociedad de masas. Desde entonces la educación seria un asunto social que trascendía la edad de los escolares y se debía proyectar a toda la población.
CIUDAD Y EDUCACIÓN: las sociedades de mejoras públicas y la construcción del "Espíritu Cívico"
Authors: Noguera Carlos Ernesto
Published: September 2019

La creacián dei "espíritu civico'', uno de los propósitos centrales de las Sociedades de Mejoras Públicas, implicá un amplio proceso de educacián masiva, el primero y uno de los más importantes que haya conocido el siglo XX. Así, en poco menos de medio siglo, tanto el paisaje urbano como sus habitantes, prácticas y costumbres cambiaron como no lo hicieron durante casi un sigla de vida republicana. Se tratá, nada más y nada menos, que de formar el nuevo ciudadano, de enseiíar a habitar la ciudad, a hacer uso de sus nuevos espacios, aparatos y máquinas, en fin, de crear en los sectores populares, nuevos hábitos, actitudes y preferencias.
CIUDADANOS O CONSUMIDORES: oferta y demanda en la formación del cuerpo infantil
Authors: Narodowski Mariano
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la cuestión de la ciudadanía a partir dei estudio de los programas de "elección libre de escuelas" (school choice) desde una perspectiva no ideológica. A partir de una concepción igualitarista radical se analizan los cambias en el proceso de escolarización y las posibilidades que se abren (y las amenazas que encierran) la desestatalización de la educación escolar y la ruptura dei monopolio cultural dei Estado em materia educativa.
OS MANUAIS ESCOLARES NA FRANÇA E A FORMAÇÃO DO CIDADÃO
Authors: Choppin Alain
Published: September 2019

O autor apresenta um rápido histórico do papel da instituição escolar na França na formação do cidadão: ele estabelece as finalidades, os objetivos e os conteúdos sucessivos de uma formação cívica que, há dois séculos, oscila entre a exposição de dados objetivos ("instrução") e a preocupação de suscitar a adesão a um sistema de valores ("educação") que ora se fundamenta em outros conteúdos disciplinares (história, moral, etc.) ora constitui uma disciplina autônoma, com seus programas, seus horários e seus manuais. Neste artigo, é enfatizada a produção, a difusão e o papel dos manuais de instrução ou educação cívica, cujo recenseamento foi possível pela primeira vez graças ao banco de dados Emmanuelle.
MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E CIDADANIA NO BRASIL HOJE
Authors: Sobottka Emil A.
Published: September 2019

O texto parte da pergunta sobre como enfocar a problemática da cidadania e sua relação com a atuação dos movimentos sociais nas sociedades atuais. Frente à diversidade de definições de cidadania e a pluralidade morfológica dos movimentos, a proposição é mudar o enfoque, centrando-o em modelos de análise global da sociedade, no marco de propostas contratualistas. Reformas recentes no Brasil, com a descentralização ainda em curso, oferecem a oportunidade de visualizar o enfoque e mostrar por que ONGs e novas formas de filantropia crescente entram em conflito com os movimentos sociais.
O DIREITO DE CIDADANIA: uma faca de dois gumes
Authors: Flickinger Hans-Georg
Published: September 2019

O debate atual em tomo da luta pelo direito de cidadania pouco dá-se conta da lógica abstraidora que caracteriza o sistema do Direito liberal, ao qual se integra. Usando como meio de inclusão social das camadas desfavorecidas, esta luta vê-se encadeada aos trilhos do procedimento legal. Ainda que possibilite avanços no que tange ao reconhecimento de novas demandas sociais, não consegue garantir sua concretização material. É na complementaridade entre a luta pelo direito de cidadania e aquela dos movimentos sociais que, na sociedade liberal, revelasse a insuficiência dos procedimentos meramente legais.
Perspectivas da educação física para a população idosa
Authors: Biehl-Printes Clarissa , Brauner Fabiane De Oliveira , Terra Newton Luiz
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES: To characterize: i) the role of physical education in the elderly population; ii) the programs and physical exercise proposals that have been used in Brazil in the last 10 years; and iii) the perspectives of physical education in the elderly population. DESIGN: Literature review and abstracts of Annals since 2007 conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO and Scholar-Google databases through the following descriptors: physical exercise, physical education, life expectancy, years of a healthy life, among others. Books with scientific content were also consulted. Afterward, a critical analysis was performed on the studies found in descriptive text. CONCLUSION: Physical education has recognized relevance in aging, and new perspectives are established in the political and social empowerment in health promotion in the elderly. Physical activity programs need to widen opportunities and evidence of effectiveness/effectiveness results.
O conhecimento de idosos portadores de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis acerca de seu tratamento polimedicamentoso
Authors: De Araújo Renatta Rossatto , Tanaka Ana Karina Silva da Rocha , Gerhardt Luiza Maria , Machado Maria Luiza Paz
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of elderly patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases about their treatment. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach. The study sample was intentional, composed of 14 elderly patients, of both sexes, linked to the Diabetic Adult Nursing (EAD) agenda of the ambulatory of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre. Data collection was carried out between September and December 2017.Results: The analysis resulted in two categories: Knowledge about the disease and pharmacological treatment and Use of medicinal plants. The results showed that: all had three or more noncommunicable diseases, with prevalence for Diabetes Mellitus and Systemic Arterial Hypertension; more than half used eight or more concomitant medications; all used medicinal plants concomitant with drug treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients have shown a lay understanding of their illnesses and a poor understanding of drug treatment, which may result in the risk of non-adherence to treatment and increased chances of adverse drug reactions.
Impacto do exercício físico em idosos com baixo peso: uma abordagem focada na sarcopenia
Authors: Manso Maria Elisa Gonzalez , Silva Deborah Lorenzo Gomez , D’Oliveira Rafaela Ramos , Kim Beatriz Myung Jin , Santos Ana Flávia De Lima , Junior Eduardo Antonio Barros Silva
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE: Verify the impact of physical exercise practice in elders with low weight and sarcopenia, since the latter is a component often associated with thinness in the elderly population. In the same way, it seeks to elicit the effects of a sedentary lifestyle on these same variables. METHODOLOGICAL DELINEATION: Integrative review of PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs databases between 2014 and 2019 using Descritores em Ciência e Saúde (DeCS) (sarcopenia, idoso, perda de peso, exercício and estilo de vida sedentário) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (aged, aged 80 and over, weight loss, sarcopenia, thinness, exercise and sedentary behavior). RESULTS: Fourteen articles were included in the synthesis. A sedentary lifestyle can lead to loss of strength and muscle mass among the elderly. Older people who practice physical activity have improved performance and muscle mass, functional capacity, and strength. CONCLUSION: In general, the articles demonstrated that physical activity assists in the maintenance of lean body mass and the potentiation of protein anabolism in the elderly and sarcopenic population, besides being a preventive factor.
Avaliação da flexibilidade, equilíbrio e estado mental de idosas ativas e irregularmente ativas
Authors: Fernandes Jénifer Carolina , Olivoto Robson Ruiz
Published: September 2019

AIMS: Our objective was to compare the levels of effect of flexibility and balance beyond the cognitive aspect of two groups of active and irregularly active elderly women. METHODS: The sample consisted of 24 elderly women in the age group of 60 and 75 years old, divided into two groups, Active elderly group (GA) composed of elderly women classified as active, and Group of irregularly active elderly (GI) composed of elderly women classified as irregularly active. We used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Sit and Go and Berg Balance Scale tests and the Mental State Mini Exam (MSME). RESULTS: Our data were treated through descriptive and comparative statistics, through the ANOVA one-way test, with Tukey’s posttest, Pearson’s Correlation and Student’s test for non-paired samples. The data were grouped and presented as mean and standard deviation of the mean. Our results showed no correlation between levels of flexibility and balance with the Mini Mental State Examination. The GA presented better results in the tests of flexibility and balance when compared to the GI. CONCLUSIONS: The GA presented better results in the variables flexibility and balance when compared to the GI, which allows us to conclude that the regular practice of physical exercises by GA was the determining factor for the group to obtain better results than the GI. In the cognitive factor, in our sample, physical exercise was not a determining factor.
Tropical freshwater ostracodes as environmental indicators across an altitude gradient in Guatemala and Mexico
Authors: Echeverría Galindo Paula Gabriela , Pérez Liseth , Correa-Metrio Alexander , Avendaño Carlos , Moguel Bárbara , Brenner Mark , Cohuo Sergio , Macario Laura , Schwalb Antje
Published: September 2019

Ostracodes are bivalve microcrustaceans with calcium carbonate shells that preserve well in lake sediment. They are very sensitive to environmental variables and are therefore powerful tools in paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental studies that cover time periods from decades to millions of years. Detailed knowledge of species ecological preferences and robust taxonomy are prerequisites for such studies. Such information, however, is still lacking for many areas of the world, including the Neotropics. Previous studies in the northern Neotropics were conducted mainly in the karst lowlands of the Yucatán Peninsula, but higher-altitude areas remained relatively poorly investigated. This study was designed to expand our knowledge of the modern, Neotropical freshwater ostracode fauna, across an altitudinal gradient from the karst lakes in the lowlands of El Petén, Guatemala (~100 - 500 m asl), to the mid-elevation water bodies of the Lacandón forest (~500 - 1000 m asl), to the higher-altitude lakes of Montebello, Chiapas, México (~1000 - 1500 m asl). Eighteen ostracode species were identified in 24 lakes. Ostracodes were absent in Lakes Amarillo and Lacandón (mid-altitude), and San Diego (lowlands). Statistical analysis indicated that the most abundant species, Cypridopsis vidua, Cytheridella ilosvayi, Pseudocandona antillana, and Darwinula stevensoni have a continuous distribution along the entire altitudinal gradient. Other species display more restricted distributions, determined by temperature, precipitation and conductivity. For example, Eucypris sp. is restricted to the lowlands, Vestalenula sp. and Cypria sp. were found only at middle elevations, and a Cyprididae species was restricted to the highlands. Species diversity is slightly greater in warm lakes at middle altitudes (Haverage = 1.09) than in water bodies in the lowlands (Haverage = 0.94) and in cooler lakes in the highlands (Haverage = 0.94). LOESS regressions provided ecological preference information for the four most frequent and widely distributed species, with respect to temperature, conductivity, bicarbonate (HCO3-) concentration, precipitation, and pH. Cypria petenensis, Heterocypris punctata, and Paracythereis opesta display higher abundances in lowland lakes, whereas, Cytheridella ilosvayi, and Pseudocandona antillana prefer lowland and mid-elevation lakes. Environmental conditions in the higher-elevation lakes of Montebello favor the presence of Darwinula stevensoni. Such quantitative ecological information will improve ostracode-based paleoenvironmental reconstructions in southern México and northern Guatemala, and our approach serves as a model for future paleoecological studies that employ other aquatic bioindicators, such as testate amoebae, cladocerans, and chironomids.
¿Refleja Formicidae el impacto de la degradación de los bosques ribereños en la Amazonía Oriental?
Authors: Pinzon Triana Stefania , Rousseau Guillaume Xavier , Muñoz Gutiérrez Jhonatan Andrés , Rocha da Piedade Alexandra , Braun Heder
Published: September 2019

The increasing anthropogenic pressure on the Eastern Amazon makes the diagnostic of forest degradation imperative, particularly, the effect on key communities within the riparian ecosystems. Formicidae is commonly used in diagnostic and monitoring studies in areas under restoration. This study aimed to determine the impact of riparian forest successional stages (open areas, and, early, intermediate, and advanced succession) on the richness, frequency, and composition of Formicidae. Sampling was performed during both dry and wet seasons, with the TSBF (Tropical Soil Biological and Fertility) method. Collected organisms were identified to species and morphospecies level and the analysis of collector curves determined the method efficiency to represent the ant sub-community. Ant richness and frequency were submitted to generalized linear mixed models to evaluate the effects of season, local, and successional stage. We used linear regressions model to investigate the relationship between richness and frequency of ants with canopy cover and vegetation height. Species composition was represented by the Jaccard similarity index. In total, we observed 1940 individuals grouped into 86 (morpho)species. Analysis of sampling effort suggested that we obtained more than 80% of the probable species richness. Frequency and richness significantly increased following the advanced succession in comparison with the open areas during the dry season. Canopy cover and vegetation height seemed to moderately affect both richness and frequency of Formicidae during the dry season. Intermediate and advanced succession areas presented similar composition with 50 shared species, followed by the areas of early succession with 43, and, anthropic use with 34 shared species. We conclude that the elimination of riparian forests results in a substantial effect on the richness and frequency of Formicidae, with minimum values in open areas during the dry season. Forest areas transformed to agricultural systems suffered losses of 41% and 56% of richness and frequency respectively. Succession restores forest structure and functions thus, favoring re-colonization of ant species. Formicidae reflects forests degradation, and is a key group in monitoring programs for the conservation/restoration of local riparian forests. Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems should be promoted as low impact practices for adjacent lands to riparian forests.
Inhibition by essential oils of Mentha viridis and Mentha pulegium (Lamiaceae) in proteolysis, fibrinogenolysis and coagulation caused by venomous snakes
Authors: Marcussi Silvana , Silva Lucilene Fernandes , Braga Mariana Aparecida , Espósito Mariana Araújo , Cesar Pedro Henrique Souza
Published: September 2019

Snake venom are widely used as laboratory tools for studies of physiological, pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms. Venoms used here are rich sources of several classes of proteases that act on factors of the coagulation cascade, fibrinogenolysis and fibrinolysis, altering the hemostatic processes, and phospholipases A2 which are involved mainly in inflammatory and clotting processes since they act hydrolyzing membrane phospholipids and may result in the release of arachidonic acid whose structure is a precursor of eicosanoids by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. Natural products such as essential oils are made up of active ingredients with wide application in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Thus, in this study evaluate the essential oils from Mentha viridis and Mentha pulegium on coagulation, fibrinogenolysis and degradation of azocasein, induced by Bothrops sp and Lachesis muta muta venoms. These oils were achieved by hydrodistillation and presented, respectively, as the main constituents linalool (40.70%), carvone (13.52%) and α-terpinene (8.56%); pulegone (50.01%), menthol (31.90%) and menthone (16.56%). The essential oils were previously incubated with Bothrops alternatus venom, for two different times, plasma was added and timing. The M. pulegium and M. viridis oils in the volume of 0.30 μL (10 min of incubation) presented greater anticlotting potential. Meanwhile, 0.15 μL the M. pulegium oil presented proclotting activity. In 20 min of incubation, both oils presented anticlotting activity with 0.15 and 0.30 μL. At azocaseinolytic assay the oil from M. pulegium reduced the activity for all evaluated venoms. The highest inhibitions were 34.33% and 39.99% for 0.6 and 1.2 μL of oil, respectively; on activity induced by B. jararacussu, M. viridis with 0.6 and 1.2 μL reduced the activity in 40.93% and 57.72%, respectively. On B. moojeni, the same volumes were responsible for inhibitions of 74.67% and 47.4%, respectively. The fibrinogenolysis induced by B. moojeni venom was totally inhibited by both oils in the evaluated proportions. The results show the presence in oils of protease inhibitors, considering metalloproteases (mainly with thrombin-like and hemorrhagic activity) and serineproteases (actuating on clotting factors), as well as phospholipase A2­ inhibitors (involved in inflammation and clotting processes) of wide application in medical and biotechnology areas.
Foraging plasticity of Atta cephalotes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in response to temperature differences between forest and pasture
Authors: Bustamante Santiago , Amarillo-Suárez Angela
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Changes in microclimatic conditions due to land cover transformations influence variations in population life histories and the developmental patterns of organisms. These variations can have either a genetic basis, an environmental basis, or both. Objective: To determine the differences between habitats in the foraging activity of Atta cephalotes in response to changes in temperature and the extent to which any such differences are due to phenotypic plasticity, genetic variability, or both. Methods: We performed foraging experiments; each colony (4 colonies sourced from pasture and 3 colonies sourced from forest) underwent eight temperature treatments from 10 to 45 ºC (± 1 ºC) at 5 ºC intervals, using common garden and reciprocal transplant experiments. Results: We found high plasticity in the foraging activity of Atta cephalotes in response to temperature, with the foraging activity gradually increasing from 15 ºC to 35 ºC. Additionally, we found no significant differences in the foraging activity between the colonies sourced from the pasture and forest. Conclusions: The foraging activity of A. cephalotes was directly proportional to temperature, with ants exhibiting thermophilic behaviors and high plasticity, and there were no differences in the foraging activity between colonies sourced from both habitats.
Bamboos ecological functions on environmental services and productive ecosystems restoration
Authors: Ceccon Eliane , Gómez Ruiz Pilar Angelica
Published: September 2019

Anthropogenic activities have degraded many ecosystems worldwide. To face this problem, ecological restoration arises as an activity that seeks the recovery of ecosystems. A group of plants that have potential to be used in restoration are bamboos, because they possess ecological characteristics that provide many environmental services such as the presence of a dense root system and the production of a large amount of leaves, both important to control erosion and diffuse pollution of soil and to accelerate its rehabilitation. They are also important species for the habitat maintenance of diverse wildlife populations, as they provide shelter and food as well as favorable habitat, which increase their importance for biotic interactions. Due to its high growth rate, bamboo is also efficient in carbon sequestration, which is why it is considered important to mitigate the effects of CO2 emissions. It is also proven that many bamboo species have the potential for being used in productive ecosystem restoration through agroforestry techniques. However, it is important to recognize that some species can become invasive in certain environments and negatively affect ecosystems instead of favoring their recovery, so evaluating each species considered to use is highly recommended.
Inadekvát, aránytalan sinuscsomó-tachycardia. Egy régi szívritmuszavar új megvilágításban
Authors: Borbola József , Földesi Csaba , Kardos Attila , Som Zoltán
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: The inadequate, inappropriate sinus-node tachycardia is not a rare clinical syndrome, defined as a non-paroxysmal, increased sinus-rate at rest, and/or inadequate response to physical and/or emotional stress, and palpitations. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe our experiences with the investigations of our inappropriate sinus-node tachycardia patients. Method: In the last years, 104 patients (92 women, 12 men, mean age: 31 ± 10 years) were treated with this cardiac arrhythmia entity. All patients underwent 12 leads ECG, chest X-ray, echocardiography, Holter-monitoring and transtelephonic ECG observations. The quality of life score was estimated by using the European Heart Rhythm Association scale. Results: Patients had no structural heart disease (physical examination ECG, chest X-ray, echocardiography were normal), the laboratory values (TSH, blood count) were within normal limits, but the resting heart rates were repeatedly high (102 ± 8/min). The results of Holter recording (expressed as minimal-maximal [average] heart rate/min) without drug therapy showed high heart rate values (59 ± 8, 160 ± 14 [94 ± 6]/min). The standard bicycle ergometry showed an average loading capacity of 124 ± 23 watt (heart rate: control: 99 ± 12/min, top: 167 ± 13/min) with early, inadequate sinus tachycardia. To disclose the episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, beside the Holter-monitoring transtelephonic ECG system was used. This diagnostic modality was very useful for the exclusion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia episodes during the palpitation symptoms. Out of 104 patients, 4 patients (3.8%) showed familiar occurrence, another 16 patients (15.2%) had previous slow-pathway radiofrequency ablation due to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. Conclusions: Based on our clinical observations, it can be pointed out that inappropriate sinus-node tachycardia syndrome (1) occurs mainly in young women, mostly in students, inducing decreased quality of life scores (EHRA score: 2.3 ± 0.4); (2) the prevalence in our outpatient clinic was 0.7%; (3) the patient population is not homogeneous: familiar or postablation occurrence is possible in some patients; (4) transtelephonic ECG has been proved to be very useful to disclose episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in these patients. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(37): 1464–1470.