bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Obligation of Trust: Speculations on Accountability and Description
Authors: Millar Laura
Published: October 2015

This paper considers the role of archival description as a tool for institutional and social accountability. The analysis is conducted through a comparison of accountability in traditional post-hoc archival description with description in the continuum-based model of recordkeeping. The author suggests that while both approaches have validity as tools of documentary accountability within their spheres, neither alone can ensure the wider accountability of an institution to itself or to society at large. A broader organizational and social accountability is necessary to ensure the integrity not just of current and historical records, but also of the larger spectrum of actions of the agency responsible for creating and keeping those records.
Getting More for Less: Testing a New Processing Model at the University of Montana
Authors: McCrea Donna
Published: October 2015

This paper presents a case study in backlog management. The author discusses how a new approach to both the philosophy and practice of archival processing, largely inspired by the recommendations of Mark A. Greene and Dennis Meissner in their article "More Product, Less Process," resulted in a decrease in both processing time and in the backlog of unprocessed collections at the University of Montana at Missoula.
National Archives and International Conflicts: The Society of American Archivists and War
Authors: Cox Douglas
Published: October 2015

The prominent role of the SAA in the recent controversy over the fate of Iraqi records and archives highlights crucial questions about the tension between national and international interests in archives and the role of archives and archivists during armed conflict. This article seeks to frame these questions and fill gaps in the debate within the archival community about wartime preservation, controversies over the postwar return of archives, and the role of archivists in war. Archivists will undoubtedly face such issues, which have never been more complex or more relevant, again in the future; this article seeks to promote renewed, vigorous, and respectful debate.
Building Foundations for Digital Records Forensics: A Comparative Study of the Concept of Reproduction in Digital Records Management and Digital Forensics
Authors: Xie Sherry
Published: October 2015

The Digital Records Forensics project is a research collaboration among the fields of digital records management, law, and police investigation. It seeks to develop concepts and methods for determining the authenticity of digital records when they no longer exist in their originating environment. The project began with comparative studies of scholarly literature in each field to lay a conceptual foundation on which other research methodologies, such as analysis of case law, case study, and ethnography, can be designed and executed. The project expects that this conceptual foundation, along with findings from the other methodologies, will facilitate the proposal of a new discipline called digital records forensics, which will be beneficial to all relevant professions, with complementary strengths deriving from each participating field. This article reports on one of the comparative studies, which examined the concept of reproduction in the fields of digital records management and digital forensics. It presents findings of this examination as well as implications for both fields, with special emphasis on digital records management.
Перспективные направления развития собственной системы товародвижения торговых организаций
Authors: Каращук Оксана Сергеевна , Чибирев Артем Владиславович
Published: October 2015

В работе рассмотрен опыт формирования системы товародвижения успешной торговой организации, реализующей специализированный ассортимент товаров, которая за 11 лет работы на рынке построила современную сетевую структуру бизнеса. Данная организация начинала свою деятельность с розничной торговли товарами и сопутствующего сервисного обслуживания в нескольких торговых точках, а в настоящее время она также осуществляет оптово-распределительную деятельность по обеспечению товарами собственной и партнерской розничных сетей. На основе изучения опыта указанной организации выработаны рекомендации для небольших субъектов хозяйствования, которые позволят расширить их торговую деятельность на основе развития собственной системы товародвижения. Соответствующие изменения в деятельности организаций потребуют инвестиций, однако необходимые вложения средств вполне доступны при правильном распределении их общего объема по срокам инвестирования. В целом развитие собственной системы распределения небольших организаций торговли способно стать ключевым фактором успеха при построении и территориальном распространении сети их торговых точек.
Laboratory Diagnosis of von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2015

von Willebrand's disease (vWD) is an autosomally inherited bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency or abnormality of von Willebrand factor (vWF). vWF is a multimeric adhesive protein that plays an important role in primary hemostasis by promoting platelet adhesion to the subendothelium at the sites of vascular injury. It is also the carrier of factor VIII (FVIII), thus indirectly contributing to the coagulation process. Bleeding symptoms are usually mucocutaneous and postsurgical with varying severity. The diagnosis of vWD requires a personal and family history of bleeding and confirmation by laboratory analysis involving vWF antigen level, vWF ristocetin cofactor, FVIII activity, ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation, and vWF multimer analysis.KEYWORDS: von Willebrand's disease, von Willebrand factor
Bayesian cross‐validation for model evaluation and selection, with application to the North American Breeding Bird Survey
Authors: Link William A. , Sauer John R.
Published: October 2015

The analysis of ecological data has changed in two important ways over the last 15 years. The development and easy availability of Bayesian computational methods has allowed and encouraged the fitting of complex hierarchical models. At the same time, there has been increasing emphasis on acknowledging and accounting for model uncertainty. Unfortunately, the ability to fit complex models has outstripped the development of tools for model selection and model evaluation: familiar model selection tools such as Akaike's information criterion and the deviance information criterion are widely known to be inadequate for hierarchical models. In addition, little attention has been paid to the evaluation of model adequacy in context of hierarchical modeling, i.e., to the evaluation of fit for a single model. In this paper, we describe Bayesian cross‐validation, which provides tools for model selection and evaluation. We describe the Bayesian predictive information criterion and a Bayesian approximation to the BPIC known as the Watanabe‐Akaike information criterion. We illustrate the use of these tools for model selection, and the use of Bayesian cross‐validation as a tool for model evaluation, using three large data sets from the North American Breeding Bird Survey.
Impact of Shale-Gas Apparent Permeability on Production: Combined Effects of Non-Darcy Flow/Gas Slippage, Desorption, and Geomechanics
Authors: Wang HanYi , Marongiu-Porcu Matteo
Published: October 2015

Permeability is one of the most fundamental reservoir-rock properties required for modeling hydrocarbon production. Many shale-gas and ultralow-permeability tight gas reservoirs can have matrix-permeability values in the range of tens to hundreds of nanodarcies. The ultrafine pore structure of these rocks can cause violation of the basic assumptions behind Darcy's law. Depending on a combination of pressure-temperature conditions, pore structure and gas properties, non-Darcy flow mechanisms such as Knudsen diffusion, and/or gas-slippage effects will affect the matrix apparent permeability.

Even though numerous theoretical and empirical models were proposed to describe the increasing apparent permeability caused by non-Darcy flow/gas-slippage behavior in nanopore space, few literature sources have investigated the impact of formation compaction and the release of the adsorption gas layer upon shale-matrix apparent permeability during reservoir depletion.

In this article, we first present a thorough review on gas flow in shale nanopore space and discuss the factors that can affect shale-matrix apparent permeability, besides the well-studied non-Darcy flow/gas-slippage behavior. Then, a unified shale-matrix apparent-permeability model is proposed to bridge the effects of non-Darcy flow/gas-slippage, geomechanics (formation compaction), and the release of the adsorption gas layer into a single, coherent equation. In addition, a mathematical framework for an unconventional reservoir simulator that was developed for this study is also presented.

Different matrix apparent-permeability models are implemented in our numerical simulator to examine how the various factors affect matrix apparent permeability within the simulated reservoir volume. Finally, the impact of a natural-fracture network on matrix apparent-permeability evolution is investigated. The results indicate that, even though the conductive fracture network plays a vital role in shale-gas production, the matrix apparent-permeability evolution during pressure depletion cannot be neglected for accurate production modeling.
Nodal Analysis by Use of ESP Intake and Discharge Pressure Gauges
Authors: Bruijnen P. M.
Published: October 2015

Electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are often not only equipped with bottomhole-pressure gauges, but more frequently contain discharge pressure gauges as well. This combination of gauges can be used to extend the classical nodal-analysis approach with an extra component. Inclusion of an additional discharge pressure gauge allows for the construction of two sets of inflow and outflow equations: one set where the selected node is the pump intake and one set where the selected node is the pump discharge. A graphical method demonstrates how to evaluate these two sets of equations simultaneously. This graphical method is then further condensed into a few simple and easy to use guidelines.

Six possible situations can be faced during operation of an ESP: improving/decreasing performance upstream of the intake pressure gauge, improving/decreasing performance between the intake and the discharge pressure gauges, and improving/decreasing performance downstream of the discharge pressure gauge. Analysis of the changes in intake and discharge pressures can quickly identify which one of these six scenarios is affecting the production performance, thus enabling the breakdown of the production system into the reservoir performance, ESP performance, and tubing performance. Several field examples of oil wells completed with ESPs that contain intake and discharge pressure gauges illustrate the benefit of this procedure.

This method is applicable for any downhole pump with intake and discharge pressure gauges. Even if pump maps are not available, or when the well's liquid-flow rates are not (accurately) known, it is a reliable method to localize downhole production problems. This approach makes full use of the advantages of multiple downhole gauges; nodal analysis in combination with intake and discharge pressure gauges is a quick, inexpensive, and powerful method to determine the location of production problems, so appropriate actions can be taken to maximize well performance.
Design Model Parameter Analysis for Nitrifying Trickling Filters
Authors: Coats Erik R.
Published: October 2015

Nitrifying trickling filters (NTFs) represent an effective technology for water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) to achieve compliance with ammonia‐N permits. However, while the potential benefits of NTFs are many, the design methods and associated parameter databases are underdeveloped. Research herein focused on analysis of pilot‐scale NTF data to develop enhanced design guidance. rn(max,0) values ranged from 1.19–3.38 gN m−2*d−1, and correlated with influent ammonia‐N concentration and loading. The transition concentration from rn(max,0) ranged from 0.9–22.2 mgN/L, and correlated with ammonia‐N loading. Zero‐order nitrification ranging from 0.24–1.58 gN m−2*d−1 was observed down‐gradient of rn(max,0). First‐order nitrification was not observed, nor was there a strong exponential correlation for decreasing nitrification rate. To translate results to NTF media different from that utilized, a relationship between the NTF media effectiveness parameter, E, and rn(max,0) was established. Collectively, the data presented enhances the engineer's ability to model and design NTFs.
Sources of variability of growth and body development traits of Simmental bulls in performance test
Authors: Lazarevic M. , Niksic D. , Pantelic V. , Stanisic N. , Delic N. , Stanojevic D. , Novakovic Z.
Published: October 2015

To test the variability of traits of Simmental bulls in performance test,
data of the Livestock - Veterinary Centres for Reproduction and Artificial
Insemination of Velika Plana and Krnjaca were used. In the analysis, data on
113 performance tested bulls born from 2008 to 2009 were used. The analysis
included two sets of characteristics: body development traits and growth
traits. The average body mass of calves entering the test was 195.75 kg,
while the body mass at the end of the test was 476.50 kg, average daily gain
in the test was 1138.69 g. Average values of body development traits measured
at the end of the test, with 12 months of age were: height at withers 127.13
cm, chest circumference 179.42 cm, the chest depth 61.19 cm and body length
151.34 cm. The influence of their sires, the year and the Centre on the
variability of traits was studied. The effect of age is present at a high
level of statistical significance (p<0.01) for all traits that are registered
at the end of the test, while the effect of the Centre was present in the
variability of body mass at the end of the test, the daily gain in the test
and the length of the body. The bulls-sires' influence was demonstrated
(p<0.05) on the variability in body mass of calves entering the test.
Efficiency of plant proteases bromelain and papain on turkey meat tenderness
Authors: Doneva M. , Miteva D. , Dyankova S. , Nacheva I. , Metodieva P. , Dimov K.
Published: October 2015

The main subject of study is the effect the plant proteases bromelain and
papain exert on turkey meat tenderness. Experiments are conducted with
samples of raw meat in 3 different concentration levels of the enzyme
solutions (50U/ml 100U/ml and 200 U/ml) and in 3 different time periods
(duration) of treatment (24 h, 48 h, 72h). An increase in enzyme
concentration and treatment duration results in a higher degree of protein
hydrolysis in the turkey meat. The optimal conditions for hydrolysis with
minimal loss of protein and highest retention of organoleptic qualities of
the meat samples are established.
Excessive credit growth or the catching up process: The case of central, eastern, and southeastern European countries
Authors: Stojanovic Dusan , Stojanovic Danilo
Published: October 2015

Most CESEE countries had an impressive credit growth prior to the outbreak of
the financial crisis in 2008. Nevertheless, that experience has taught us
that the strong expansion of private sector credit must not be ignored. In an
attempt to investigate whether the rapid credit growth was a result of the
catching-up process or was a risky process with well-known consequences, we
performed empirical analysis by applying statistical (HP filter) and
econometric (pooled OLS, fixed effect OLS, and PMG) approaches. The empirical
results of both out-of-sample and in-sample approaches suggest that in the
pre-crisis period excessive credit growth in terms of higher actual than
estimated credit growth was recorded for the majority of the countries
observed. Compared to the out of-sample approach, in-sample estimates, which
turned out to be more reliable, indicate that the pre-crisis growth was less
pronounced and that over the post-crisis period actual credit growth
fluctuated around the estimated growth, pointing to the fact that the former
was in line with movements in its fitted values.
On the somatic marker hypothesis
Authors: Trajkovski Miroslava
Published: October 2015

The somatic marker hypothesis is the hypothesis of the neural mechanism which
is spontaneously triggered in the process of decision making. It is about
bodily changes that accompany certain ideas we relate to the prospects of our
choices. The somatic marker is the feeling of these changes occurring before
the decision is made. In the paper I deal with the hypothesis of Antonio
Damasio and his associates which is related to the perceptual theory of
emotions that claims that the feeling of bodily changes precedes the feeling
of emotion.
Education and (deliberative) democracy
Authors: Jankovic Ivana
Published: October 2015

The question of the importance of education in democracy is as old as
democracy itself. Greek thinkers devoted much of their fruitful oeuvre to the
concept of education, aiming at realization of better and more just life in
the community. Modern thinkers, especially Locke, Rousseau and Mill, showed
great interest for the issue of education of citizens in the democratic
societies of their time. Dewey emphasized the importance of education in
democracy like no one before, or after him. He devoted a significant part of
his extensive work to the question of the role of and the kind of education
that is fundamental for the members of community who want to prepare for
participation in public life, in the best possible way. The issue of
interrelation of democracy and civic education completely neglected after
Dewey, again become relevant with appearance of deliberative democracy.
Following Dewey?s tradition, I will argue that the form of democracy that
calls for broad participation of citizens in solving public problems requires
some education. The ability of people to participate in public deliberation
depends on whether they have acquired certain skills, values and knowledge.
The Role of Consumer Values and Socio-Demographics in Green Product Satisfaction: The Case of Hybrid Cars
Authors: Hur Won-Moo , Woo Jeong , Kim Yeonshin
Published: October 2015

This study investigated the relationship between consumer value and customer satisfaction, seeking a better understanding of the motivations underlying “green product” purchases. Based on the influence of demographic factors, it further explores the moderation effects of buyers' socio-demographics on the link between value and satisfaction. Data were collected through a mail survey of American hybrid car buyers. Consumer value, satisfaction, and socio-demographic information were measured, and the proposed relationships among them were tested using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. This study's findings reveal that values (i.e., functional and social) significantly impact hybrid satisfaction and that the effects vary by sex and age. This research provides insight into the motivations of green product purchases by incorporating important consumer characteristics.
The Role of the Motivational Distortion Scale in the 16PF
Authors: Simón Armando
Published: October 2015

For reasons unknown, the Motivational Distortion (MD) scale in two of the forms of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) was discarded in a later version of the instrument. In this study, different profiles were obtained on the 16PF form containing the MD scale with 46 male inmates in a penal setting, when the participants were initially asked to answer the questions truth-fully, then in the retest to answer in a manner that would appear favorable. The test-retest scores were analyzed without Motivational Distortion adjustments and several of the factor scores were statistically different; however, when the Motivational Distortion adjustments were implemented and scores recalculated, differences on Factors A, M, O, and Q1 were no longer significant. The Motivational Distortion scale, therefore, appears to be useful and should be reinstated in the 16PF.
Construction and Validation of a Meaning in Life Scale in the Taiwanese Cultural Context
Authors: Wang Ya-Huei , Liao Hung-Chang
Published: October 2015

The objective was to construct and validate a Chinese-language Meaning in Life Scale (MiLS) and to assess its psychometric properties. The three most popular scales have some weaknesses and are grounded in a Western cultural context. Consequently, a comprehensive and psychometrically adequate meaning in life scale is needed for use in Asian samples. 500 randomly selected participants from the Taiwanese public provided 476 valid responses to a written questionnaire. The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 63 years ( M age = 42.3 yr.; 181 men, 295 women). Exploratory factor analysis reduced the initial 41 items to 33 items, based on a 5-point rating scale. Five factors were extracted: Contented with life (10 items; 33.20% of total variance), Goals in life (5 items; 6.95%), Enthusiasm and commitment (7 items; 6.28%), Understanding (6 items; 5.41%), and Sense or meaning to human existence (5 items; 4.57%). The MiLS showed satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity. Therefore, the MiLS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to measure the subjective sense of a meaning in life in the Taiwanese cultural context.
A Test of Sharkey and Singelis' (1995) Model of Self-Construal and Embarrassability: Situational versus Dispositional Factors
Authors: Kruger Gert H. J.
Published: October 2015

Sharkey and Singelis (1995) tested a model of embarrassment focusing on strength of independent self-construal, sensitivity to evaluation, and strength of interdependent self-construal. Their findings indicated social anxiety and self-construal explained 28% of the variance in embarrassability. Separately, social anxiety contributed 5.8%, with independent and interdependent self-construal explaining 6.6 and 5.2%, respectively, thus supporting the model. Sharkey and Singelis used Modigiliani's (1968) Embarrassability Scale, which focuses on embarrassing situations. The current study repeated the analysis but measured embarrassability as a disposition on a sample of Black African (59.8%), Colored (6.1%), Asian/Indian (5.9%), and White (28.2%) first-year psychology students (139 men, 485 women) between 18 and 51 years old ( M = 19.5, SD = 2.9). The three constructs together explained about 47% of dispositional embarrassability. Social anxiety explained 25% of the variance, when controlling for independent and interdependent self-construal. Sharkey and Singelis' model may be more applicable to the explanation of situational embarrassability than dispositional embarrassability.
A Preliminary Study of Increasing Self-Efficacy in Junior High School Students: Induced Success and a Vicarious Experience
Authors: Kudo Hiroshi , Mori Kazuo
Published: October 2015

Bandura's self-efficacy source hypothesis was examined by testing whether success and a vicarious experience of success would enhance self-efficacy among 159 7th graders (81 boys, 78 girls). Unknown to themselves or their classmates, 20 students (Success condition) were presented with easier anagram tasks, allowing them to outperform their 60 classmates (Control condition). The Success and Control students had been paired with classmates (Cheerers; Vicarious condition) who were to cheer on their partners during the task. The participants rated their self-efficacy for the anagram task before and after the performance. The results showed that successful performance significantly promoted the self-efficacy of Success students. However, the cheerers of Success students did not have increased self-efficacy through the vicarious success experience.
Video Blogging and English Presentation Performance: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hung Shao-Ting Alan , Huang Heng-Tsung Danny
Published: October 2015

This study investigated the utility of video blogs in improving EFL students' performance in giving oral presentations and, further, examined the students' perceptions toward video Hogging. Thirty-six English-major juniors participated in a semester-long video blog project for which they uploaded their 3-min. virtual presentation clips over 18 weeks. Their virtual presentation clips were rated by three raters using a scale for speaking performance that contained 14 presentation skills. Data sources included presentation clips, reflections, and interviews. The results indicated that the students' overall presentation performance improved significantly. In particular, among the 14 presentation skills projection, intonation, posture, introduction, conclusion, and purpose saw the most substantial improvement. Finally, the qualitative data revealed that learners perceived that the video blog project facilitated learning but increased anxiety.
Framing Effects on Physicians' Judgment and Decision Making
Authors: Bui Thanh C. , Krieger Heather A. , Blumenthal-Barby Jennifer S.
Published: October 2015

This study aimed to assess physicians' susceptibility to framing effects in clinical judgment and decision making. A survey was administered online to 159 general internists in the United States. Participants were randomized into two groups, in which clinical scenarios varied in their framings: frequency vs percentage, with cost information vs without, female patient vs male patient, and mortality vs survival. Results showed that physicians' recommendations for patients in hypothetical scenarios were significantly different when the predicted probability of the outcomes was presented in frequency versus percentage form and when it was presented in mortality rate vs survival rate of the same magnitude. Physicians' recommendations were not different for other framing effects.
Adjustment Errors in Ascending and Descending Phases of Target Level in Controlled Force Exertion
Authors: Kubota Hiroshi , Demura Shinichi
Published: October 2015

Hand grip force adjustment errors to ascending and descending phases of a sinusoidal target force in a controlled force exertion (CFE) test were measured and the laterality of responses evaluated. 75 men ( M age = 19.6 yr., SD = 1.6) performed the CFE test after one practice trial by matching handgrip force to target level (5–25% of maximal grip force). The CFE errors in ascending and descending phases of the target force were calculated as the absolute differences between actual force and target force in each phase. There were significantly smaller CFE errors in the ascending phase for both dominant and non-dominant hands, but CFE error for the dominant hand was significantly smaller in both phases. Therefore, error in force exertion in the ascending and descending phases of the target force differed, and laterality influenced error in both phases.
Resilience Theory and its Implications for Chinese Adolescents
Authors: Wang Jin-Liang , Zhang Da-Jun , Zimmerman Marc A.
Published: October 2015

Over the past 20 years, resilience theory has attracted great attention from both researchers and mental health practitioners. Resilience is defined as a process of overcoming the negative effects of risk exposure, coping successfully with traumatic experiences, or avoiding the negative trajectories associated with risks. Three basic models of resilience have been proposed to account for the mechanism whereby promotive factors operate to alter the trajectory from risk exposure to negative consequences: compensatory model, protective model, and inoculation model. Assets and resources are two types of promotive factors found to be effective in decreasing internalizing and externalizing problems. Considering the protective or compensatory role of assets and resources in helping youth be resilient against negative effects of adversity, resilience could be applied to Chinese migrant and left-behind children who are at risk for internalizing (e.g., depression, anxiety) and externalizing problems (e.g., delinquent behaviors, cigarette and alcohol use). Additionally, psychological suzhi-based interventions, a mental health construct for individuals that focuses on a strengths-based approach, can be integrated with resilience-based approach to develop more balanced programs for positive youth development.
The Mediating Role of Social Safeness on the Relationship between Facebook® Use and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Akin Ahmet , Akin Umran
Published: October 2015

The present study examined the mediating role of social safeness on the relationship between Facebook® use and life satisfaction. The participants were 370 university students ( M age = 20.2 yr., SD = 1.0) who completed a questionnaire package that included the Bergen Facebook® Addiction Scale, the Social Safeness and Pleasure Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. According to the results, social safeness and life satisfaction were predicted negatively by Facebook® use. On the other hand, life satisfaction was predicted positively by social safeness. In addition, social safeness mediated on the relationship between Facebook® use and life satisfaction. The results were discussed in the light of the related literature.
Use of the Rate of Perceived Exertion Scales in Resistance Training: A Comment on Mayo, Iglesias-Soler, and Fernández-Del-Olmo (2014)
Authors: Naclerio Fernando , Chapman Mark , Larumbe-Zabala Eneko
Published: October 2015

Although perceived exertion scales were initially applied to endurance and cyclic exercises, they have been also used to monitor resistance training. The current article analyzes different criteria for the application of perception scales to resistance exercises. In addition, the proper use of perceived exertion to reflect the effect of different resistance training configurations including the fluctuation of velocity is also discussed. Furthermore, this paper also speaks to the issues of correct instructions and anchored scaling procedures, as well as how to use the perception scales to accurately select the loads, determine the number of repetitions per set, or to assess the effects of the training volume associated with different strength manifestations.
Affective Responses to Prescribed and Self-Selected Strength Training Intensities
Authors: Portugal Eduardo M. M. , Lattari Eduardo , Santos Tony M. , Deslandes Andrea C.
Published: October 2015

This study was an evaluation of the effects of self-selected intensity and three prescribed intensities of strength exercises on affective responses. 16 healthy active male participants ( M age = 25.1 yr., SD = 5.5; M height = 168.0 cm, SD = 31.8; M weight = 84.4 kg, SD = 8.6) were randomly assigned to a control condition without exercise (Control); three prescribed exercise intensities at 40% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), 60% 1RM, and 80% 1RM; and one self-selected intensity (Self-selected). Affective response was assessed by the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale. All prescribed intensities showed increased activation and only the session at 80% 1RM showed reduction valence compared to the Control condition. Thus, the affective response to strength training does not seem to be influenced by exercise intensity.
Adam King: a man for all seasons
Authors: McOmish David
Published: October 2015

Adam King was born into a respectable family of advocates on the eve of the Scottish Reformation. He was a professor of mathematics and philosophy at the University of Paris for many years, who then returned to Scotland to become an advocate and commissary of Edinburgh. His family's adherence to the Catholic faith in the immediate aftermath of the Reformation was overt and vigorous, and led to significant disruption in their lives. This article charts the life and career of Adam through these turbulent times, from his battles with religious authorities to his emergence as a man with significant influence in post-reformation Scotland. It provides a preliminary map of his friends and acquaintances, and presents evidence that they reflect a strong literary and scientific culture in early modern Scotland, which transcended their religious affiliations and was addressing some of the most pressing questions raised by the Scientific Revolution.
The Politics of Justice and the French Blood Affair in Hélène Cixous's The Perjured City
Authors: Erlingsdóttir Irma
Published: October 2015

In the article, I examine Hélène Cixous's play La Ville parjure ou le Réveil des Erinyes (The Perjured City) as a political contribution to the debate over memory and justice. The focus is on the question of how the telling of a story of atrocities may be therapeutic to both the victim and to society. I stress Cixous's alternative way of addressing justice: through forgiveness instead of criminal prosecution or other forms of retribution or reconciliation. Referring to Jacques Derrida's work, the main argument revolves around the question of whether forgiveness for unspeakable crimes should be unconditional or conditional. Instead of seeing Cixous's play as an unequivocal stance on restorative justice in general, and on conditional forgiveness in particular, I stress that the main protagonist, the Mother, is not willing to forgive the crime itself because of its unforgivable nature.
Native and Alien Plant Species Richness Response to Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Temperate Floodplain and Swamp Forests
Authors: Hrivnák Richard , Slezák Michal , Jarčuška Benjamín , Jarolímek Ivan , Kochjarová Judita
Published: October 2015

Soil nitrogen and phosphorus are commonly limiting elements affecting plant species richness in temperate zones. Our species richness-ecological study was performed in alder-dominated forests representing temperate floodplains (streamside alder forests of Alnion incanae alliance) and swamp forests (alder carrs of Alnion glutinosae alliance) in the Western Carpathians. Species richness (i.e., the number of vascular plants in a vegetation plot) was analyzed separately for native and alien vascular plants in 240 vegetation plots across the study area covering Slovakia, northern Hungary and southern Poland. The relationship between the species richness of each plant group and total soil nitrogen content, plant-available phosphorus and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio was analyzed by generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) with Poisson error distribution and log-link function. The number of recorded native and alien species was 17–84 (average 45.4) and 0–9 (average 1.5) species per plot, respectively. The GLMMs were statistically significant (p ˂ 0.001) for both plant groups, but the total explained variation was higher for native (14%) than alien plants (9%). The richness of native species was negatively affected by the total soil nitrogen content and plant-available phosphorus, whereas the C/N ratio showed a positive impact. The alien richness was predicted only by the total soil nitrogen content showing a negative effect.
Interferon Response in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection: Lessons from Cell Culture Systems of HCV Infection
Authors: Sung Pil , Shin Eui-Cheol , Yoon Seung
Published: October 2015

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that infects approximately 130–170 million people worldwide. In 2005, the first HCV infection system in cell culture was established using clone JFH-1, which was isolated from a Japanese patient with fulminant HCV infection. JFH-1 replicates efficiently in hepatoma cells and infectious virion particles are released into the culture supernatant. The development of cell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc) systems has allowed us to understand how hosts respond to HCV infection and how HCV evades host responses. Although the mechanisms underlying the different outcomes of HCV infection are not fully understood, innate immune responses seem to have a critical impact on the outcome of HCV infection, as demonstrated by the prognostic value of IFN-λ gene polymorphisms among patients with chronic HCV infection. Herein, we review recent research on interferon response in HCV infection, particularly studies using HCVcc infection systems.
Integrated Evaluation and Scenario Simulation for Forest Ecological Security of Beijing Based on System Dynamics Model
Authors: Li Fangzheng , Lu Shasha , Sun Yinan , Li Xiong , Xi Benye , Liu Weiqi
Published: October 2015

Forest Ecological Security (FES) means coordinated development of forest ecosystems, social economies, and the forest environment. In this paper, we evaluate FES in Beijing under different designed scenarios using a dynamic systems model and find that first, the initial FES index value (in Scenario 0) increased to its highest level of 0.529 in 2012, but declined slightly to 0.485 by 2020. Second, in Scenarios 1–4, the FES index value reached 0.545, 0.516, 0.585 and 0.637 respectively in 2020, which was enhanced in varying degrees when compared with Scenario 0. The simulation shows the implementation of forest management policies, socioeconomic development and environmental management combine to affect the FES in Beijing. The FES could develop into a good state when the productivity of forest resources, the stability of forest environments and the orderly development of the social economy are carefully maintained (in Scenario 4). This research could provide decision-making in support of the overall improvement of forest conditions while promoting sustainable forestry in Beijing.
Microwave-Assisted Preparation of High Entropy Alloys
Authors: Veronesi Paolo , Rosa Roberto , Colombini Elena , Leonelli Cristina
Published: October 2015

Microwaves at the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical, reserved internationally) frequency of 2450 or 5800 MHz have been used to prepare FeCoNiCuAl, FeCrNiTiAl and FeCoCrNiAl2.5 high entropy alloys by direct heating of pressed mixtures of metal powders. The aim of this work is to explore a new microwave-assisted near-net-shape technology, using a powder metallurgy approach for the preparation of high entropy alloys, able to overcome the limits of current melting technologies (defects formation) or solid state ones (time demanding). High entropy alloy compositions have been selected so as to comprise at least one ferromagnetic element and one highly reactive couple, like Ni-Al, Ti-Al, Co-Al or Fe-Al. Results show that direct microwave heating of the powder precursors occurs, and further heating generation is favored by the ignition of exothermal reactions in the load. Microwaves have been applied both for the ignition and sustaining of such reactions, showing that by the proposed technique, it is possible to control the cooling rate of the newly-synthesized high entropy alloys. Results showed also that microwave heating in predominant magnetic field regions of the microwave applicator is more effective at controlling the cooling rate. The herein proposed microwave-assisted powder metallurgy approach is suitable to retain the shape of the load imparted during forming by uniaxial pressing. The homogeneity of the prepared high entropy alloys in all cases was good, without the dendritic segregation typical of arc melting, even if some partially-unreacted powders were detected in the samples.
Khevsur and Tush and the Status of Unusual Phenomena in Corpora
Authors: Wier Thomas R.
Published: October 2015

\Recent years have seen an increasing realization of the threat posed by language loss where, according to some estimates, upwards of ninety percent of all languages may go extinct within the next century (Nettle and Romaine 2002). What is less often realized, much less discussed, is the extent to which linguistic diversity that falls within the threshold of mutual intelligibility is also diminishing. This is especially true of regions where one particular language variety is both widely spoken and holds especially high prestige across many different social classes and communities. In this paper, we will examine two such OdialectsP of Georgian: Khevsur and Tush, and investigate what corpora-based dialectology can tell us about phylogenetic and typological rarities found in such language varieties.
Wintun prehistory: An interpretation based on linguistic reconstruction of plant and animal nomenclature
Authors: Whistler Kenneth W.
Published: October 2015

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Choctaw 'articles' in discourse
Authors: McClaran Marlys , Herrod Gene
Published: October 2015

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The morphologization of Algonquian consonant mutation
Authors: Goddard Ives
Published: October 2015

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The Greenlandic verbal suffix -ut-: Interactions of linguistic form and grammatical function
Authors: Woodbury Anthony C.
Published: October 2015

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Headless relatives in the southwest: Are they related?
Authors: Gorbet Larry
Published: October 2015

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On the organization of "subject" properties in universal grammar
Authors: Foley William A. , Van Valin, Jr. Robert D.
Published: October 2015

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Non-syntactic antecedents and frame semantics
Authors: Gensler Orin D.
Published: October 2015

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Weak Crossover and the Syntax-Phonology Interface
Authors: Bautista Calixto Aguero
Published: October 2015

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Reportativity, (not-) at-issueness, and assertion
Authors: Faller Martina
Published: October 2015

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When Phonology Undergenerates: Evidence from Asturian Enclitic Structures
Authors: Fernandez-Rubiera Francisco J.
Published: October 2015

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Micro-Variation within Bizkaiera Basque: Evidence from RCs
Authors: Gondra Ager
Published: October 2015

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On the Category of Speaker Expectation of Interlocutor Knowledge in Kurtop
Authors: Hyslop Gwendolyn
Published: October 2015

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Possessive Structures as Evidence for DP in West Greenlandic
Authors: Langr Kathleen
Published: October 2015

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The role of morphological markedness in inclusive/exclusive pronouns
Authors: Moskal Beata
Published: October 2015

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The Effects of Hearing Aid Directional Microphone and Noise Reduction Processing on Listening Effort in Older Adults with Hearing Loss
Authors: Desjardins Jamie L.
Published: October 2015

Background:Older listeners with hearing loss may exert more cognitive resources to maintain a level of listening performance similar to that of younger listeners with normal hearing. Unfortunately, this increase in cognitive load, which is often conceptualized as increased listening
effort, may come at the cost of cognitive processing resources that might otherwise be available for other tasks.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the independent and combined effects of a hearing aid directional microphone and a noise reduction (NR) algorithm on reducing
the listening effort older listeners with hearing loss expend on a speech-in-noise task.Research Design:Participants were fitted with study worn commercially available behind-the-ear hearing aids. Listening effort on a sentence recognition in noise task was measured using an objective
auditory‐visual dual-task paradigm. The primary task required participants to repeat sentences presented in quiet and in a four-talker babble. The secondary task was a digital visual pursuit rotor-tracking test, for which participants were instructed to use a computer mouse to track
a moving target around an ellipse that was displayed on a computer screen. Each of the two tasks was presented separately and concurrently at a fixed overall speech recognition performance level of 50% correct with and without the directional microphone and/or the NR algorithm activated in
the hearing aids. In addition, participants reported how effortful it was to listen to the sentences in quiet and in background noise in the different hearing aid listening conditions.Study Sample:Fifteen older listeners with mild sloping to severe sensorineural hearing loss participated
in this study.Results:Listening effort in background noise was significantly reduced with the directional microphones activated in the hearing aids. However, there was no significant change in listening effort with the hearing aid NR algorithm compared to no noise processing. Correlation
analysis between objective and self-reported ratings of listening effort showed no significant relation.Conclusions:Directional microphone processing effectively reduced the cognitive load of listening to speech in background noise. This is significant because it is likely that listeners
with hearing impairment will frequently encounter noisy speech in their everyday communications.
EVALUATION OF THE RIVERS VILNIA AND SIESARTIS ECOTOXICOLOGICAL STATE BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL INDEXES OF JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR L.) / SIESARTIES IR VILNIOS UPIŲ EKOTOKSIKOLOGINĖS BŪKLĖS ĮVERTINIMAS PAGAL ATLANTINĖS LAŠIŠOS (SALMO SALAR L.) JAUNIKLIŲ MORFOLOGINIUS RODIKLIUS
Authors: Sauliutė Gintarė , Svecevičius Gintaras
Published: October 2015

Objective of the study – to evaluate ecotoxicological state of two probably differently polluted salmon rivers: the Vilnia and Siesartis based on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) juvenile’s morphological indexes. Statistical analysis of estimated fish morphometric parameters and morphological indexes showed that the Vilnia and Siesartis Rivers’ salmon juveniles differ significantly. Condition factor (CF) and the gills-somatic index (GSI) were found to be the most sensitive biomarkers reflecting the physiological state of the fish. The Vilnia River salmon juvenile CF and GSI value was significantly different as compared with the Siesartis River’s salmon juvenile indexes, apparently, due to the increased water pollution. Since according to the classical physico-chemical parameters, both rivers’ water was very similar [no significant differences were found (p > 0.1)], it was suggested that here exist other non-specific chemical factors (pollutants) in water, which determine fish physiological and indicate river ecotoxicological states. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti dviejų galimai skirtingai užterštų lašišinių upių Vilnios ir Siesarties ekotoksikologinę būklę pagal atlantinės lašišos (Salmo salar L.) jauniklių morfologinius rodiklius. Statistiškai apdorojus ir apskaičiavus žuvų morfometrinius parametrus bei morfologinius rodiklius, nustatyta, kad tirtos Vilnios ir Siesarties žuvys gerokai skiriasi. Žuvų įmitimo koeficientas (IK) ir žiaunų somatinis indeksas (ŽSI) – jautriausi biožymenys, atspindintys žuvų fiziologinę būklę. Vilnios upėje lašišų jauniklių IK ir ŽSI vertės gerokai skyrėsi, lyginant su Siesarties upės lašišų jauniklių rodikliais, tikriausiai dėl didesnės vandens taršos pirmojoje upėje. Kadangi pagal klasikinius fizinius ir cheminius vandens parametrus upės buvo labai panašios [patikimų skirtumų nenustatyta (p > 0,1)], galima teigti, kad egzistuoja kiti, nespecifiniai cheminiai veiksniai (teršalai) vandenyje, kurie lemia žuvų fiziologinę bei indikuoja upių ekotoksikologinę būklę.