bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Correlation between Trait Mindfulness and the Emotional Mood
Authors: Han Kaiyi
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to confirm if there was a correlation between trait mindfulness, negative mood states, and stress. Our study is based on the assumption that practicing mindfulness did have the efficacy and ability to regulate negative emotions and thoughts produced by negativity-inducing external stimuli. A hundred and fifteen individuals (M age = 32.17 years, SD = 8.21, 59 males and 56 females) mostly from Beijing and Shanghai completed a series of measures, which included the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Profile of Mood States-Brief Questionnaire (POMS-B), and the Stress Self-Perception Scale. After analyzing the collected data with SPSS 22.0, results showed that trait mindfulness has a significant relation with both negative mood states and stress, the relation being negative mood states and stress having a negative correlation to mindfulness and vice versa. This study verified the ability of mindfulness to stabilize and regulate negative emotions like depression and indicated the importance of practicing mindfulness as a way to cope with negativity-inducing stimuli and associated thoughts and emotions. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
Can Zimbabwe be saved from the Brink of Collapse?
Authors: Guo Qian
Published: May 2020

Zimbabwe, a country in the Southern Africa, is known as the “house of stones” which named the country with Shona language. In the past, Zimbabwe has been called as “the breadbasket of Africa”. However, Zimbabweans are living among no power, no water, and no money. What have caused for such situation and how can people save Zimbabwe from the brink of collapse?
Approaches to Teaching English Writing in College based on Collaborative Learning in the Network Milieu
Authors: Li Zhe
Published: May 2020

The teaching process of English writing in the colleges can be carried out with more effective and innovative approaches in the network milieu, and the concept of collaborative learning can also become the basic teaching philosophy of English writing. The teaching conditions of English writing in some colleges and universities were analyzed. In general, the overall teaching conditions suffer from many deficiencies, which become the aspects for developing English writing teaching activities based on collaborative learning in the network milieu. Achieving the teaching outcomes of either collaborative English writing or English writing on the basis of collaborative learning is not easy. This paper will analyze the difficulty of college English writing teaching based on collaborative learning in the network milieu, and put forward specific suggestions for teaching.
A Study of Idiom Teaching from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor
Authors: Shan Xinrong
Published: May 2020

As a part of vocabulary learning, the idiom is an important part of language teaching. This study is to investigate whether conceptual metaphor can promote idioms’ teaching and learning or not. In the course of study, we make use of a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, collecting data through the questionnaire survey and do experiments in teaching and learning idioms. We get the conclusion: the T value of the experimental group and the control group is p<0.05, the pre-test and post-test values is p<0.05. It is feasible to apply the conceptual metaphor in idiom teaching and learning.
Exploring the Integration of Orientation and Realization of English Teaching in the Universities
Authors: Sun Wei
Published: May 2020

English language is a course that must be offered in a university syllabus. It is a course that all majors must study and learn, apart from the students who are in the English major. In addition to being a subject in universities, English is also a language. Languages have linguistic nature, which appears to be the same to English language. It is important to determine whether the value of integration is reasonable in the arrangement and planning in the subject content of English language course in the universities. Similarly, it is also necessary to find out whether this planning is reasonable in the curriculum structure. This paper mainly expounds the current situation of English teaching in higher learning institutions such as colleges and universities, the connotation of the value of integration of orientation and realization of English language for reference.
The New Development of Contemporary Food Writing and the Value of Chinese Courses
Authors: Zhu Qiuhong
Published: May 2020

Delicacy is one significant theme of literary and artistic creation. Since the 1980s, excellent delicacy writing industry has become an important part of Chinese teaching in middle schools. Since the beginning of the new century, the carrier of food writing has changed from the literal one to full-view video, audio-visual television documentaries. The essence of new form of contemporary food writing does not change; it still implies the meticulous and warm humanistic care. The value of it in Chinese courses still has much room to expand.
Research on the Development of English Teaching Method and Innovative Education
Authors: Li Cuibai
Published: May 2020

English teaching method is a general term of some teaching methods. These teaching methods are supported by certain theoretical foundations and applied principles. Each English teaching method is limited by the teaching content, and each method has some deficiencies. These English teaching methods continue to develop in the course of the history of English teaching. To a certain extent, the development history of English teaching is representative of the development of English teaching methods. In view of this, this article mainly expounds the development of English teaching methods, the change of ideas and concepts of English teaching methods, and the educational innovation of English teaching for the reference of relevant personnel.
On the Feasibility of Incorporating Comprehensive Materials in the Teaching of Watercolour Painting in Chinese Universities
Authors: Yan Changhang
Published: May 2020

Since the 20th century, human art has gradually transformed into contemporary forms and comprehensive painting has started to emerge. As such, the teaching of watercolour painting should not strictly adhere to rules; colleges and universities also need to adapt their teaching method of watercolour painting according to the changes in the ideology of today’s society. With the development of contemporary watercolour art, new achievements in the art of teachers and the feasibility of comprehensive materials to expand watercolour painting have become the focus of contemporary watercolour teaching in Chinese universities.
Application and Evaluation of Language Learning Software in Teaching Foreign Languages
Authors: Yu Huijuan
Published: May 2020

In the context of globalization, the exchange of language across borders has become more frequent, and it is very essential to learn a language other than Mandarin Chinese. Therefore, various language learning software have appeared one after another. Currently, the application of the language learning software in the classroom has become a hot topic of discussion. This paper mainly expounds the application of language learning software in foreign language lessons for reference by relevant personnel.
Application of Experiential Interactive Teaching in College Oral English Teaching
Authors: Wang Li
Published: May 2020

At present, many problems exist in college oral English teaching, such as single teaching mode, lack of innovation, interactive communication and classroom planning. Experiential interactive teaching can develop the subjectivity of students by adjusting the teacher-student relationship as well as student-student interaction formed by the interaction. Improving the teaching effect and enhancing students’ autonomous learning ability are a good way for college oral English teaching. Under this teaching mode, college English teachers can actively transform the process of students ‘passive acquisition of knowledge into the process of students’ autonomous learning through various experiential interactive teaching methods.
An Empirical Study Based on the Teaching Quality and Related Issues of Japanese Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Xu Xiaoxu
Published: May 2020

China’s social and economic development has developed rapidly in recent years. International trade is getting closer and closer, trade and cultural exchanges with Japan have increased year by year. China’s foreign policy gradually develops towards internationalization. Japanese language plays a very important role in the process of friendly cooperation between China and Japan. At this juncture and circumstances, many universities have added Japanese language majors in order to improve the Japanese language communication skills among domestic college students and learn more about Japanese language and culture. Compared with English, Japanese is not a widely spoken language. Moreover, the Japanese language is used less frequently and has a smaller range of application. At present, Japanese has not become a major language communication tool for Chinese and as well as for foreign communication. Some universities still use the traditional teaching methods of the past to teach Japanese language. Teachers are not capable enough, it simply cannot meet the actual development needs of modern society, which requires us to pay enough attention to the teaching of Japanese in colleges and universities, in our work we summarize the problems existing in the teaching process of Japanese language today, and formulate corresponding perfect countermeasures.
A Tentative Study on English Euphemism
Authors: Qian Xiaohong
Published: May 2020

The word “euphemism” comes from the Greek, eu--means “good”, and –pheme-, “speech” or “saying”, and together it means literally “to speak with good words or in a pleasant manner”. Euphemism, as a cultural phenomenon as well as a linguistic concept, has attracted people’s attention for a long time. It has long been a topic of much interest. In every society there are certain things that are supposed to be unspeakable. Many words make someone embarrassed, unhappy, dislike or fear when used in communication. If we express the meaning directly, we will make such impression which is vulgar, frivolous, and impolite. In order to avoid the embarrassment or ease the sting of harsh words, man has created euphemisms.
Research on the Correlation between the Learning Strategies on English Listening and the Corresponding Performance among College Students
Authors: Zhang Xuemei
Published: May 2020

Listening is very important for the learning of a language. We must ensure that there are language standardization and foundation of practice while learning any languages. By improving listening, the language communication ability can be improved. Learning other languages requires listening as the foundation of learning. In college English teaching, listening also takes very important position. However, due to the current situation of Chinese education and the characteristics of students' learning, Chinese students generally have a lower level of listening skills, and usually, most of them score very low in the listening part in level 4 or level 6 of the College English Tests. The root cause of this phenomenon is that listening test in some underdeveloped areas of China is not included as part of the test results of the middle and high school entrance examinations, and very often, listening was neglected in English lessons. As a result, many students end up with poor listening performance result. However, in college, the teaching of listening still follows the traditional education model of the past, and there are many lessons allocated to this aspect of English learning. In addition, there is almost no strategic guidance in the learning process, making students unable to begin on listening practice. Although both teachers and students tried to improve their listening skills, the results were unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is imperative to solve the problem of poor English listening level of students. Experts such as Huang Zidong and Wang Yu believe that strengthening strategic training is currently a very important method to improve students' English listening skills.
Marxism and Political Economy in Education: An Interpretation of Jean Anyon's Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Zhang Zhuoyuan
Published: May 2020

Jean Anyon (1941-2013) is a critical pedagogical researcher and social activist in the United States. All her life, she devoted herself to taking education as a breakthrough, exposing the ugliness of capitalist countries and promoting the equality of society and education. She uses Marxist theory to analyze the relationship between social class and school knowledge, hidden curriculum; education and mainstream ideology; and conflicts and resistances in education, emphasizing the theoretical and practical significance of Marxism in today's education. In order to find the deepest problem of education, Jean Anyon demonstrates the relationship between school education and macroeconomic policy from the perspective of political economics; the dialectical relationship between education reform and economic reform; and explains the reasons for education failure by quoting David Harvey's concept of "deprivation accumulation". Facing the cruel situation, Jean Anyon did not lose confidence, but found the "radical possibility" and put forward the concept of social change centered on education reform.
A Comparative Study of Semantic Component and Lexicalization Pattern of English and Chinese Verb Category “Drink”
Authors: He Lei
Published: May 2020

Verb category “drink” is frequently used in people’s daily life. In this essay, the author analyses the semantic component and lexicalization pattern of English and Chinese verb category “drink”, in which the author finds there are semantic universals and particulars. It is found that the lexicalization pattern of this verb category in English and Chinese should be “motion + manner (cause) + X”.
Enlightenment of Confucian Thoughts of Music Education on Contemporary General Music Education
Authors: Yang Chenghai
Published: May 2020

In the pre-Qin period, Confucius proposed six subjects namely the etiquette, music, archery, driving, literacy, and calculation. Among the six subjects, music was ranked the second. Among them, traditional education in China can fully reflect the importance of music education, and the essence and core of music education can be reflected from the requirements of aesthetic education. In recent years, with the continuous development and improvement of production and life, the theme of education in today's society has changed, and quality education is the center and focus of education today. Moreover, people begin to focus on how to inherit and publicize the traditional music culture. As the music culture is of great importance, many people are encouraged to continue to practice and publicize the traditional music. The main point of this article is Confucian theory of music education.
On Features of Fu Lei’s Translation from the Perspective of the Conquest of Happiness
Authors: Niu Yinghua
Published: May 2020

Under the background of globalization, translation is not only an academic activity, but also has far-reaching influence on cultural exchanges. As a world-renowned translator, Fu Lei has played a leading role in today’s translation field. Therefore, the paper firstly talks about Fu Lei’s life experience and his thought of resemblance. It is his life experience that makes him have his own unique understanding of translation art. Secondly, the thesis analyses Fu Lei’s translation thoughts through his broad interest, rigorous attitude and emphasis on the art of writing. Finally, the paper combines his translation strategies with the Conquest of Happiness to illustrate how it can be more easily understood and accepted by the target language readers through the processing of sentence patterns and the use of Chinese allusions. It comes to the conclusion that Fu Lei’s unique life experience, rich artistic accomplishment and rigorous academic attitude are of great benefit to his translation. Thus it can be said that Fu Lei’s translation thoughts and strategies are enlightenment to all aspects of translation studies.
Subsidies in the Fisheries Sector of Malaysia: Impact on Resource Sustainability
Authors: Chiat Lee Wen , Viswanathan K. Kuperan
Published: May 2020

Subsidies are a form of support provided to consumers and producers by government to enhance the welfare.  Fishers in Malaysia receive various type of subsidies. Fisheries subsidies however are a challenge because it can work against fishers’ welfare if the fisheries subsidies lead to over fishing and resource depletion.  In this paper, we explore the impacts of fisheries subsidies on small-scale fishers in Malaysia and suggest ways to improve the subsidies scheme so that the twin roles of improving fishers’ welfare and fisheries sustainability are achieved. Data on fisheries subsidies and fisheries production in Peninsular Malaysia is used in this study.
Candidate Selection and the Electoral Prospects of the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP) In Nigeria: 1999-2015
Authors: Innocent Alfa Patrick , Eikojonwa Otaida
Published: May 2020

Objective: The essence of this article is to examine the centrality of candidate selection in the changes in the electoral fortunes of the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP) in Nigeria from 1999 to 2015.Methodology: This paper is qualitative and conceptual in nature. The issues were analysed under various related themes. The data were gathered through the secondary method such as textbooks, journal articles, reports of election observer teams, party constitutions, workshop papers, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) documents, the Electoral Acts and the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The analysis of the information gathered helped to manifest the factors that were responsible for the electoral setbacks suffered by the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) which led to the triumph of the hitherto opposition party, the All Progressives Congress (APC) in the 2015 general elections.Results: The paper discovered that interferences and manipulation in the candidate selection procedures in particular and gross disregard for internal party democracy in the Peoples' Democratic Party led to its electoral misfortunes in the 2015 elections.Implication: The paper avers that political parties are fundamental elements in any democratic setting, but for them to retain and boost their electoral chances they must adopt a transparent candidate selection process and adhere to the other tenets of internal party democracy.
Transforming Academic Discourse: A Case Study of International Relations as Discipline
Authors: Rehman Attiq-ur- , Hussain Bukhari Shahid
Published: May 2020

The study of social sciences in general and the discipline of International Relations (IR) in particular, always remained the areas of less scholarly significance, because the leading academic circles remained less-inclined towards the non-western production of knowledge in the international system. The main discussions of IR generally revolve around the western discourse and approaches to knowledge. The end of the decades-long Cold War and the elimination of the Soviet Union from the world politics allowed the Western academic circles to influence the production of knowledge in the international system. In this way, the production of knowledge and the promotion of knowledge ignored the non-western academic perspectives. Contrary to conventional academic patterns, there is a need to realize the significance of non-western literature in academics while updating the conventional academic patterns. In this scenario, this paper attempts to address the questions of the production of knowledge and promotion of knowledge on the basis of relative perspectives. While emphasizing the non-western or non-American approaches to knowledge, the central theme of the paper endeavors to highlight the importance of the non-western way of looking at world politics.
La comunicación poética en ‘Novelas a la Sombra’, de Javier Vásconez
Authors: MAFLA MERCEDES
Published: May 2020

“La comunicación poética en Novelas a la sombra, de Javier Vásconez," es un artículo que tiene como fin indagar en algunos aspectos concretos del discurso poético y sus particularidades comunicativas, que propenden, por medio del lenguaje figurado de la ficción (temas, personajes, narradores, manipulación del tiempo, etc) poner en evidencia la mirada particular del artista quiteño sobre el arte de contar y sobre sus contextos referenciales (Quito, sus valles, Barcelona o Nueva York).
Análisis y metodología para el cálculo del índice de términos de intercambio entre Ecuador y la Unión Europea
Authors: Angulo Flores Emilia Jesahel
Published: May 2020

La Unión Europea es un socio comercial importante para Ecuador, pero como lo mencionó el economista argentino Raúl Prebisch, no siempre este tipo de comercio es beneficioso. Son cada vez más los bienes que se deben exportarpara poder comprar una unidad de un bien importado, afectando al bienestardel país y a la utilización adecuada de los factores de producción. En el presenteartículo se realizó un estudio de la relación comercial entre Ecuador y la UniónEuropea durante el período 2000-2014 y un análisis del índice de términos de intercambio. Se demostró que la teoría de Prebisch no se aplica al caso ecuatoriano en el período 2000-2014 ya que el índice de términos de intercambio no se deteriora todos los años, lo cual es positivo para el comercio ecuatoriano.
Performance Characteristics in BMX Racing: A Scoping Review.
Authors: Rylands Lee Paul , Roberts Simon
Published: May 2020

Performance characteristics across a number of cycle sports have been investigated for decades. However, evidence suggests little is known about the performance characteristics in BMX cycling. As a result, a scoping review was undertaken to explore the quantity and themes of research in this area. After adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIMSA) guidelines 104 studies were identified in the initial search and post screening 17 studies were identified as relevant. These studies were categorised into two sub categories; physical and technical characteristics. The first category, physical performance characteristics included ten studies that analysed torque, cadence, and peak power in relation to velocity and time to peak power. The remaining 7 studies related to technical attributes and focused on the development of an effective gate start technique or analysed techniques deemed important during a BMX race. In addition to the categories, 9 of the 17 studies identified in this review reported reliability issues in collecting performance characteristic data, as well as issues surrounding transference of data from the laboratory to the BMX track. Future research should consider intervention studies examining how time to peak power could be developed and the effect this would have on the start of a BMX race. Future studies may also consider using equipment with higher levels of reliability and testing riders in the track environment. Moreover, this scoping review could serve as a starting point for a systematic review.
Elite mountain bike enduro competition: a study of rider hand-arm vibration exposure
Authors: Kirkwood Lewis A , Taylor Mark D , Ingram Lesley A , Malone Eva , Florida-James Geraint D
Published: May 2020

Limited information is currently available regarding the hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure for professional off-road cyclists.  Previous reports have suggested that commuting and recreational cyclists are at risk of exceeding exposure limit values (ELV) in a single ride and, therefore, further investigation of HAV exposure in competitive mountain biking is warranted.  Partial and total eight hour exposure data (Ai(8), A(8), ms-2) are presented for a national level mountain bike race.  Assessment of hand-arm vibration meets the requirements of BS EN ISO 5349-1:2001 (BSI 2001) whereby recording frequency was 3.2 kHz and frequency weighting filters were applied (Wh).  The data presented shows that HAV exposure during one day of competitive enduro mountain bike racing exceeds ELV and is greater than the HAV exposure observed in recreational cycling.  This suggests that further work is required to determine the exposure associated with changes in equipment, technique and international racing events in professional athletes.
An Overview of the Athlete's Biological Passport (ABP) in Professional Road Cycling and causes of natural variation within the ABP
Authors: Nolan Rory , Usher Richard , Heron Neil
Published: May 2020

This article provides an overview of the athlete's biological passport (ABP) within professional sport, with a particular focus on professional road cycling. We describe the rationale behind the ABP, what is recorded on it (particularly focusing on the haematological passport), what can cause 'natural' variations to it and discuss its role within professional sport. These 'natural' variations often occur at Grand Tours but more research is required into what happens during these multiple-stage road cycling races in terms of the ABP.
Adaptation and validation of a test to measure Greek elementary students’ basic cycling skills
Authors: Papanikolaou Ioannis , Adamakis Manolis
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to adapt a previously developed test to gain a detailed insight into the cycling skills of Greek children and examine the impact that gender, age and cycling experience have on cycling skills. Students (n=80) from a local elementary school in Attica region (Greece) took the adapted cycling skills test consisting of 12 test stations. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the factor structure of the cycling test. Descriptive statistics were performed on children’s cycling skill scores. Furthermore, independent sample t-tests and Pearson r correlations were executed to evaluate individual correlates of cycling skills. Two factors were extracted: the ‘during cycling skills’ and the ‘attention/handling cycling skills’ factor. Most children faced difficulties for skills that required more advanced attention skills and while cycling over obstacles. No significant differences in separate factors, as well as the overall cycling skill, were noted between boys and girls. Significant correlations were observed between years of cycling experience and cycling skills, while age was not correlated to these factors. The 12-item test battery adapted in the present study is suitable for the evaluation of cycling skills of Greek elementary students. Implications of the current research are further discussed.
Predicting Bicycle Theft in Milan (IT) An Aoristic Analysis
Authors: Salvanelli Giacomo
Published: May 2020

Local administrations keep creating policies to promote cycling among citizens. However, these initiatives seem to be often counterproductive for the targeted objectives because of the increase opportunities for bike-theft. So, this research aimed at exploring Milan (IT) as a case study to address temporal distribution of bike-theft at the meso-level while controlling for seasonal variation. The occurrence of certain timeframes was evaluated against the distribution of bicycle theft between 2011 and 2015 and predictive risk effects were estimated using the Aoristic analysis. The latter provided a temporal weight and gave an indication of the probability that the events occurred within a defined period between 2016 and 2018. Within this timeframe, the Aoristic analysis showed a higher level of risk stemming from specific days of the week and times of the day, which indeed were responsible of 76% of the registered bike-thefts. The results of this study point to temporal elements that need to be taken into consideration while formulating policies that promote an urban crime-controlled environment for cyclists in Milan. Indeed, since many common crimes are aoristic, techniques such as the Aoristic analysis is crucial for ensuring an effective deployment of resources at the right time to prevent crime.
The reliability of physiological and performance data obtained during a long distance simulated triathlon laboratory test
Authors: Luckin Kate Margaret
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of a newly developed long distance (LD) simulated triathlon for testing performance and physiological changes in LD triathletes. Ten trained LD triathletes (mean ± standard deviation: age 34.1 ± 5.0 years, body mass 69.07 ± 13.89 kg) completed two separate trials of a simulated LD triathlon consisting of a 1500 m swim, a 60 minute cycle at 60% of power at VO2max and a 20 minute run at 70% of velocity at VO2max. Performance (time, pace, power and rating of perceived exertion) and physiological (economy of movement (oxygen cost and energy consumption), blood lactate and heart rate)variables were measured throughout the simulated LD triathlon. Coefficient of variations (CV %) and intra class correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to determine reliability. The current study displayed a high level of reliability, with moderate to excellent ICC measurements for performance and physiological variables (ICC 0.62 – 0.99). All physiological variables, except blood lactate, demonstrated CV values < 10%. In conclusion, the newly developed LD simulated triathlon has a high level of task representation for LD triathletes and can accurately assess performance changes in a research setting.
Calculation of rear brake power and rear brake work during skidding on paved and gravel cycling surfaces
Authors: Miller Matthew Curtis , Tully Aden , Miller Adam , Stannard Stephen R , Fink Philip W
Published: May 2020

The use of a brake power meter at each wheel of a bicycle is a valid means to calculate energy losses due to braking. However, methodology utilizing the torque and angular velocity at each wheel independently are not able to reflect energy lost to braking when the rear wheel is skidding. This study tested the possibility of using the angular velocity of the front wheel, but the torque of the rear brake, to calculate rear brake power. Two cyclists completed 100 braking trials across three days on a mixture of paved and gravel surfaces with a mixture of skidding and non-skidding. The estimated total energy removed from the bicycle-rider system was calculated as the sum of brake work and estimates of drag and rolling resistance. This energy removed from the bicycle-rider system displayed a strong positive relationship with the change in kinetic energy of the bicycle-rider system during braking on paved (r2=0.955; p<0.0001) and gravel surfaces paved (r2=0.702; p<0.0001). There was no difference between these measurements overall (p<0.05), however there is some error of measurement when skidding on gravel. The findings in the present investigation indicate that rear brake work is underestimated when using the angular velocity at the rear wheel during skidding, but that utilising the angular velocity of the front wheel is a valid means of calculating rear brake power. Care should be taken when skidding on gravel as it is difficult to assess the linear velocity of the bicycle.
A novel method based on first principles to determine the accuracy and reliability of force measurements reported by bicycle power meters.
Authors: Worn Ryan , Dwyer Dan B
Published: May 2020

The accuracy and reliability of instrumented bicycle crank systems (i.e. power meters) is an important consideration for sport scientists who evaluate cycling performance and pedalling biomechanics. Many crank systems report power and or force/s on the left and right crank arms separately, or indexes of pedalling effectiveness, although crank systems that have genuinely independent force transducers on the left and right crank arms are rare. There is a need to be able to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the measurements of power meters without the requirement for expensive and or complex instrumentation. The present study describes a relatively simple and novel method of assessing the accuracy and reliability of measures of crank angle, radial force and tangential force. The method is demonstrated in its application to an instrumented crank system (Axis Cranks ™). Reported crank forces were compared with actual applied forces to determine accuracy and some procedures used to assess the measurement of force were duplicated to determine reliability. The crank system measured crank angle with an average RMS error of 1.84 degrees across pedalling rates of 30-150 r/min. The absolute error of radial and tangential force measurements were 6% and 3.2% respectively (RMSE) and the relative error (accuracy of change in force) of radial and tangential force were 1.48% and 0.25% respectively (RMSE). Repeated measurements of force were found to be highly reliable (intra-class coefficient > 0.998). The method presented in this report could be used to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of other power meters and instrumented crank systems.
Validity and reproducibility of commercial cycling power meters in hot and cold environmental temperatures
Authors: Shute Robert , Zak Roksana , Slivka Dustin
Published: May 2020

Power meters are a training tool used to help cyclists improve performance by objectively monitoring intensity.  Some power meters are well established and validated, whereas others are relatively new.  Most power meters have been tested for validity and reliability in laboratory and field settings of similar conditions; however, the reproducibility of these power meters across different temperatures has not been established. To examine the potential differences of the CompuTrainer, PowerTap, Stages, and Vector power meters in hot and cold compared to a room temperature environment. Recreationally trained male (n=7) and female (n=3) participants each completed three incremental cycling trials in hot (33°C), cold (7°C), or room temperature (RT, 20°C) conditions.  The power meters were placed on a standard road bicycle and power output was logged and recorded. The CompuTrainer was higher in the room temperature trial compared to the cold and the hot, but not between the hot and cold trial.  The PowerTap was not different in RT and cold, but was lower in hot compared to RT and compared to cold.  The Stages was not different between RT and cold, but was lower in the hot compared to RT and compared to cold.  The Vector was not different between RT and cold but was lower in the hot compared to RT and compared to cold.  These data indicate that environmental temperature may affect the reproducibility of power meters.  It is important to recognize the potential differences between temperatures when choosing a power meter.
STUDY OF THE COMPATIBILITY OF A DRILLING FLUID FORMULATED IN A MICROEMULSIONED SYSTEM WITH CEMENT SLURRY
Authors: D. S. Curbelo Fabíola , Laís R. Leal Giovanna , Garnica Alfredo Ismael C. , Silva Raphael R. , Tertuliano Tarsila M. , Freitas Júlio César O. , Paiva Evanice M.
Published: May 2020

In the cementing operation, it is necessary that the entire circumference of the annular is filled by the cement slurry and that it develops adhesion to the casing and formation. For this, an efficient removal of the drilling fluid is necessary, which requires that its chemical composition is compatible with that of the cement slurry. The objective of this work is to formulate a drilling fluid in a micro emulsified system and test its compatibility with the cement slurry to assess the effects that an unwanted contamination can have on the properties of the slurry. In the compatibility test, the rheological properties and the compressive strength of cement slurry contaminated with drilling fluid in different volumetric proportions were evaluated. The compressive strength of the cement slurry was determined, and the loads that the paste supports were checked. The compatibility test showed no visual changes in the properties of the slurry, although, after the addition of the drilling fluid, there was a decrease in the compressive strength.
LIFE SKILLS PROGRAM MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Maisah  , Syukri Ahmad , Sungkowo
Published: May 2020

This Study at Al Baqiyatus Shalihat Islamic Boarding School in West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Karya Pembangunan Al-Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City and Al-Munawaroh Boarding School in Merangin Regency Jambi Province.

Life Skills Program are a group of skills program that include social skill, personal skill, academic skill and vocational skill. These skills are taught at Islamic boarding schools to equip students to live independently and have Islamic entrepreneurial behavior in the face of the development and progress of the times. The purpose of this study was to determine the management life skills program to improve the behavior of students in entrepreneurship, the excellence of managing life skills program that have been implemented by Islamic Boarding Schools and determined the behavior of students in entrepreneurship.

The research approach is used to descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interview and documentation. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman models and data validity techniques using data triangulation.
IMAGING OF LUNG CANCER STAGING USING ADVANCED CT SCAN TECHNIQUES
Authors: Ahmed Maha Esmeal , Ahmed Aldosh Mwahib Sid
Published: May 2020

Background: Lung cancer is one of leading death worldwide, it begins when cells in the lung grow out of control and formed mass or nodules which classified in two known major forms, non-small cell and small cell cancer. The accurate assessment of the disease extent is important in management approach and Computed tomography imaging in nodal staging remains the important tool for lung cancer diagnosis, particularly when assessing intra and extra thoracic spread of lung cancer.

Objective: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in Sudanese lung cancer patients in period from November 2019 to February 2020 in Khartoum state hospital. The main aim of the study was to evaluate staging of lung cancer using computed tomography technology.

Method: A group of 100 participants patients were selected randomly in different gender and in age group between (30-80) years old. The inclusion limited to patients diagnosed with lung cancer by computed tomography techniques and the normal cases and other abnormalities was being excluded. The data were collected using a special collection sheet and the data statistical analyzed using SPSS program.

Result: The outcomes of this study showed that patients in age group between (60-70) years old do not have lung cancer in the first stage, while lung cancer in the second stage occurred in 10 patients only with 10 % percentage. The third stage is the most common type with a high incidence rate which occurred in 90 patients with 90 %. Percent.

Conclusion: Advance imaging with CT scan techniques play a critical role in the diagnosis and management of lung cancer patients adding to accurately describing the radiological extent of the disease. Moreover, the important to understand the principles of staging description and their impact on treatment decisions.
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry of Sentinel-1 time series to detect ground subsidence in the city of Recife, Brazil
Authors: Bedini Enton
Published: May 2020

Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) analysis of Sentinel-1 time series was carried out to detect ground subsidence in the city of Recife, Brazil. The dataset consisted of sixty-eight Sentinel-1A Interferometric Wide (IW) Single Look Complex (SLC) images of the time period April 2017 – September 2019. The images were acquired in descending orbit in VV (vertical transmitting, vertical receiving) polarization. The results of the PSI analysis show that in the city of Recife occur several ground subsidence areas. The largest ground subsidence area occurs between the neighborhoods of Afogados, Torrŏes and Cordeiro. The subsidence rates in this area range from few mm/year up to -15 mm/year. This ground subsidence could be a result of groundwater extraction or of subsidence processes in urbanized reclaimed lands. Similar but smaller ground subsidence areas occur in several localities in Recife. In some cases, subsidence with rates of up to -25 mm/year is noted in small zones where new buildings have been constructed in the last decade. This should be due to ground settlement processes, taking a long time due to the particular soils and geology of the locality. This study can serve as a first contribution for further research on the ground subsidence hazard in the city of Recife and the surrounding areas by means of satellite radar imagery.
APLICAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MDE’S PARA EXTRAÇÃO DE VARIÁVEIS MORFOMÉTRICAS DE UMA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA
Authors: Do Socorro Amaral da Silva Jéssica , Silvano Silva Rodrigues Rodrigo , Menescal Bittencourt Germana
Published: May 2020

A caracterização morfométrica possibilita uma análise indexada quanto a sucetibilidade de bacias hidrográficas a enchentes em condições normais de precipitação. Este estudo caracterizou a morfometria da bacia hidrográfica do igarapé Capitão Poço, Pará, comparando resultados de Modelos Digitais de Elevação com diferentes resoluções (SRTM 92,57 m, SRTM 30 m e ALOS-PALSAR 12,5 m), por meio de Sistema de Informações Geográficas auxiliado do software Arcgis 10.5 e sua extensão ArcHydro. Foram calculados parâmetros morfométricos como área, perímetro, índice de compacidade e fator de forma, além de características de relevo como elevações e declividades. As metodologias para aquisição dos parâmetros morfométricos são difundidas mundialmente e exploradas por hidrólogos desde meados do século XX, e tornaram-se mais consistentes com a associação de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento. Os resultados referentes aos parâmetros Coeficiente de Compacidade, Fator de Forma, Alongamento e Circularidade apresentaram valores similares. Observou-se inconsistência altimétrica dos dados ALOS-PALSAR, com relação aos demais modelos, entretanto o mesmo se mostrou eficiente quanto a sua resolução e detalhamento para análise de declividades.
Núcleo de semiaridez associado a ocupação e umidade do solo em Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Leite Cássia Roberta de Melo , Lopes Pabrício Marcos Oliveira , Nascimento Cristina Rodrigues , Moura Geber Barbosa de Albuquerque , Silva Douglas Alberto , Silva Jhon Lennon Bezerra da
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Identificar núcleos de índice de semiaridade, associados à cobertura do sensor MODIS (MOD12Q1), bem como a falta de amostragem do solo. Buscou-se, ainda, analisar os efeitos dos parâmetros biofísicos sem índice de umidade do solo (IUS) usados pelo NDVI (MOD13Q1) e pelos Ts (MOD11A2) para 2006 e 2012 no município de Ouricuri, Pernambuco, Brasil. Uma técnica de interpolação por inversão do quadrado da distância foi aplicada para espacializar ou o índice de cálculo calculado, utilizando dados climáticos (1911-1990) de temperaturas e temperaturas no Balanço Hídrico Climatológico.Observe como tendências de formações de núcleos de índice de umidade no norte do município associados à presença de solos expostos e vegetação com valores baixos de IUS observados em dois anos classificados como anos secos.
Dialogisme dans les "Lettres chinoises" (1739-1740) du marquis d’Argens
Authors: Li Miao
Published: May 2020

Benveniste (91) distingue le dialogue et la citation comme formes spécifiques de la communication humaine, ce qui permet à celle-ci de se constituer en langage. On remarque que le dialogue et la citation sous-tendent  l’existence d’une autre personne, ce qui signifie que le langage lui-même implique l’altérité. Quant à Bakhtine, il insiste sur le caractère inéluctablement polyphonique, dialogique, de tout discours: « tout énoncé, depuis la réplique d’un dialogue jusqu’au traité scientifique comporte un commencement absolu et une fin absolue marqués par la prise de parole de l’autre » (Amorim 83). Toute œuvre, à l’étape initiale et à l’étape de l’achèvement, tient compte du « type du destinataire » et de « la spécificité du rapport du locuteur à l’autre » (86). 

En effet, dans le roman épistolaire, les échanges entre destinateurs et destinataires sont des instances linguistiques communicatives qui confrontent directement le Moi et l’Autre. Qui plus est, le paratexte s’impose comme une autre forme de dialogue entre l’auteur et le lecteur pour mieux présenter cet Autre. À travers l’étude de diverses formes de dialogisme présentées dans les Lettres chinoises du marquis d’Argens, notre article vise à mettre en évidence les facteurs réunis pour que les personnages chinois et le savoir sur la Chine participent à la réévaluation des valeurs et de la réalité françaises du siècle des Lumières.
Langue et identité : la construction identitaire des victimes de guerre
Authors: Apasu Francis , Madibbo Amal
Published: May 2020

Cet article se propose d’analyser la relation entre la langue et la construction de l’identité, en soulignant particulièrement les effets de la guerre sur la performance et la compétence langagières des victimes de la guerre. Nous analysons le discours des rescapés de la guerre du Soudan du Sud qui se sont installés dans la province de l’Alberta, au Canada, en nous basant sur les théories qui traitent du rapport entre la langue et l’identité (Charaudeau 2001; Ferret, 2012) etde la compétence et la performance langagières (Chomsky, 1971). Il s’agit, d’une part, de collecter et d’analyser les énoncés des victimes issues d’une même zone géolinguistique afin de relever les éléments sous-jacents qui soulignent le rapport entre la compétence et la performance dans la communication individuelle et, d’autre part, de montrer comment la langue projette notre identité au monde extérieur. En effet, l’analyse des énoncés de nos répondants révèle que les victimes ayant un contact direct avec la guerre ont une appréhension et un trouble à communiquer quand ils évoquent un sujet lié aux événements de la guerre, tandis que les autres répondants n’en manifestent pas autant. Il résulte de cette analyse que les expériences et l’espace géographique influencent la performance et la compétence langagière et qu’ils participent à la construction de l’identité.
Âges d’or et fausses nostalgies : Entre imaginaire vintage et déjà vu. Une analyse du discours nostalgique dans la culture populaire contemporaine
Authors: Guyot Adrien
Published: May 2020

Le concept de faux souvenir n’est en rien nouveau; son existence remonte aux balbutiements de la psychanalyse et de la psychologie clinique. La photographie de famille présente à cet égard une situation d’énonciation toute particulière. En effet, même lorsque le référent (la personne photographiée) n’a guère de souvenirs de l’occasion en soi, la codification, le sens de l’image, le lien de connaissance, la réappropriation mémorielle de l’événement, aussi artificiels soient-ils, peuvent être établis par le biais d’un récit externe.

Une manipulation du même acabit est à l’origine du succès des séries Stranger Things, Riverdale et Chilling Adventures of Sabrina qui usent d’un imaginaire vintage et déjà vu pour bercer dans une douce nostalgie toute une génération de téléspectateurs bien trop jeunes pour en saisir pleinement les références.
Les super-pouvoirs du doublage français de "Luke Cage "ou l’art de desservir la communauté afro-américaine
Authors: Huet Justine
Published: May 2020

Troisième série de Marvel diffusée sur Netflix, "Luke Cage" nous offre un superhéros noir à la force surhumaine dont la peau est pare-balles. Ancrée dans un cadre socio-culturel bien distinct, la série évoque le vécu des Afro-américains dans une société  contemporaine clivée. Si la tâche du traducteur est de relâcher "the bonds of belonging" (Pym 145) du texte filmique on peut se demander ce qui arrive à la variété d'anglais parlée par les personnages de la série (l'anglais afro-américain) et aux références culturelles lorsque le produit entreprend son voyage vers la France. Nous verrons que la version française laisse traduit tout le malaise du studio de doublage face à un produit et une production culturels qu’elle ne semble pas complètement saisir.