bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of inferior vena cava collapsibility index in the prediction of hypotension associated with general anesthesia: an observational study
Authors: Szabó Marcell , Bozó Anna , Darvas Katalin , Horváth Alexandra , Iványi Zsolt Dániel
Published: June 2019

Background: Intraoperative hypotension increases 30-day mortality and the risks of myocardial injury and acute renal failure. Patients with inadequate volume reserve before the induction of anesthesia are highly exposed. The identification of latent hypovolemia is therefore crucial. Ultrasonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) is able to detect volume responsiveness in circulatory shock. No current evidence is available regarding whether preoperative measurement of the IVCCI could identify patients at high risk for hypotension associated with general anesthesia.
Methods: A total of 102 patients undergoing elective general surgery under general anesthesia with standardized propofol induction were recruited for this prospective observational study. The IVCCI was measured under spontaneous breathing. A collapsing (IVCCI≧50%) (CI+) and a noncollapsing (CI-) group were formed. Immediate postinduction changes in systolic and mean blood pressure were compared. The performance of the IVCCI as a diagnostic tool for predicting hypotension (systolic pressure <90 mmHg or a ≥30% drop from the baseline) was evaluated by ROC curve analysis.
Results: A total of 83 patients were available for analysis, with 20 in the CI+ and 63 in the CI- group, we excluded 19 previously eligible patients due to inadequate visualization of the IVC (7 cases), lack of adherence to the protocol (8 cases), missing data (2 cases) or change in anesthesiologic management (2 cases). The mean decrease in systolic pressure in the CI+ group was 53.8±15.3 compared to 35.8±18.1 mmHg in CI- patients (P=0.0001). The relative mean arterial pressure change medians were 34.1% (IQR 23.2%-43.0%) and 24.2% (IQR 17.2%-30.2%), respectively (P=0.0029). The ROC curve analysis for IVCCI showed an AUC of 64.8% (95%CI 52.1-77.5%). The selected 50% level of the IVCCI had a sensitivity of only 45.5% (95%CI 28.1-63.7%), but the specificity was high at 90.0% (78.2-96.7%). The positive predictive value was 75.0% (95%CI 50.9-91.3%), and the negative predictive value was 71.4% (95%CI 58.7-82.1%).
Conclusion: In spontaneously breathing preoperative noncardiac surgical patients, preoperatively detected IVCCI≧50% can predict postinduction hypotension with high specificity but low sensitivity. Despite moderate performance, IVCCI is an easy, noninvasive and attractive option to identify patients at risk and should be explored further.
Comparison of Supreme laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal intubation for airway management during general anesthesia for cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yao Wei Yu , Li Shi Yang , Yuan Yong Jin , Tan Hon Sen , Han Nian-Lin Reena , Sultana Rehena , Assam Pryseley N , Sia Alex Tiong Heng , SNG Ban Leong
Published: June 2019

Background
The obstetric airway is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Endotracheal intubation is considered the standard of care but the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has gained acceptance as a rescue airway and has been incorporated into the obstetric airway management guidelines. In this randomized controlled equivalence trial, we compared the Supreme LMA (SLMA) with endotracheal intubation (ETT) in managing the obstetric airway during cesarean section.

Methods
Parturients who underwent elective cesarean section under general anesthesia were randomized to receive either an SLMA or ETT as their airway device. Our primary outcome was first-attempt insertion success. Successful insertion was defined as adequate bilateral air entry with auscultation and the presence of end-tidal carbon dioxide on the capnogram. The first-attempt insertion success rate was compared using the Chi-Square test. Secondary outcomes included time-to-ventilation, seal pressure, ventilation/hemodynamic parameters, occurrence of clinical aspiration, fetal outcomes, and maternal side effects associated with the airway device.

Results
We recruited 920 parturients (460 SLMA, 460 ETT) who underwent elective cesarean section under general anesthesia. Patient characteristics were similar between the groups. First attempt success was similar (Odds Ratio--ORSLMA/ETA: 1.00 (95%CI: 0.25, 4.02), p = 1.0000). SLMA was associated with reduced time to effective ventilation (Mean Difference--MD -22.96; 95%CI: -23.71, -22.21 seconds) compared to ETT group (p<0.0001). Ventilation parameters, maternal and fetal outcomes were similar between the groups, and there was no aspiration.

Conclusions
SLMA could be an alternative airway management technique for a carefully selected low-risk obstetric population, with similar insertion success rates, reduced time to ventilation and less hemodynamic changes compared with ETT. Our findings are consistent with the airway guidelines in recommending the second-line use of LMA in the management of the obstetric airway.
A Visual Data Collection Method: German Local Parties and Associations
Authors: Borucki Isabelle
Published: June 2019

This research captures local networks of German political parties and welfare agencies in regards to poverty. The article explores whether there are differences in regards to homophily and brokerage between the two studied groups using a dataset of 33 egonetworks in two German cities. The computer assisted drawn networks were collected in an interactive participative way together with the interviewed egonetworks. To achieve the theoretical aim of analysing homophily and brokerage between politicians and welfare workers, two hypotheses are examined, resting upon social capital theory. The hypotheses were quantified and explicated with different variables. The first hypothesis states that heterophile networks imply more social capital, which referred to different measurements (size, density, homophily). This could be partially validated since the analysed networks of association representatives (n=12) were denser and slightly more heterophile than those of party representatives (n=21). Second, it was assumed that politicians, because of their function as elected representatives, would be more likely to take on an interface function within the communities than representatives of civil society institutions. Results based on calculated EI-indices, subgraphs and brokerage show that party representatives do indeed have larger networks, but these networks split into fewer subgraphs than association representatives’ networks.
There are Different Pathways to Stable Spring Wheat Grain Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Conventional and Organically‐Managed Systems
Authors: Kubota Hiroshi , Yang Rong‐Cai , Iqbal Muhammad , Spaner Dean
Published: June 2019

The high costs and negative environmental impact associated with the use of N in crop production suggest we need to improve our knowledge of crop N utilization efficiency (NUtE: the amount of grain produced per unit of N uptake). We conducted a study in organic and conventional fields to compare the effect of management and genetic variability for grain yield and NUtE in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We also assessed the relationships between yield and NUtE stability among tested cultivars under organic management. Grain yield and NUtE were 50 and 20% less in organic compared to conventional management (1.62 and 3.27 t ha−1 for grain yield and 16.2 and 20.9 t DM t−1 N for NUtE, respectively). Analyses of variance revealed significant effects of genotype (G), environment (E) (year × location), and G × E interactions on grain and NUtE in organic environments. Traits in the organic system that were sensitive to G × E interactions included grain yield, harvest index (HI), NUtE, and dry matter production. Four modern cultivars with differing genotypic characteristics (medium tall stature, disease and pest resistant, and semi‐dwarf), had high and stable grain yield, and NUtE in both systems. Our results suggest that the modern wheat cultivars CDC Kernen, CDC Stanley, Carberry, and Unity may be suitable for organic systems because of their stable yield and NUtE across tested environments. Such characteristics could be advantageous under organic farming systems where temporal and spatial variations of resources are normally greater than conventional systems.

Core Ideas

Nitrogen utilization efficiency has gentotype × environment interactions in organic fields.

Low harvest index in organic systems indicates reduced assimilate partitioning due to weed competition.

Four modern cultivars with different traits exhibited consistent grain yield in organic systems.

Different traits in the four cultivars may be key for organic crop production.
“Think Globally, Act Locally:” The State Transformation Approach in Governing Borderless Security Threats
Authors: Sinaga Lidya Christin
Published: June 2019

The nature of security issues has changed significantly in recent decades. They are no longer just about war, but have extended into complex and transnational security issues or so-called Non-Traditional Security (NTS). Shahar Hameiri and Lee Jones in their new book Governing Borderless Threats, argue therefore that the emergence of NTS issues requires new modes of governance, instead of a simple extension of the logic of war suggested by the Copenhagen School or new responses of post-national governance.
Redefining ASEAN Way: Assesing Normative Foundation on Inter-governmental Relationship in Southeast Asia
Authors: Aminuddin M. Faishal , Purnomo Joko
Published: June 2019

Abstract This paper endeavors to review the inter-state relation in Southeast Asia countries. Especially in government policy. The most significant problem in regional relationship is about the absence of political awareness. As a consequence, ASEAN only provides limited positive achievement in political performance regionally. This article provides an alternative explanation for the limited achievement in political performance of ASEAN by assessing the implication of using non-interference principe to the incidence of ignorance and disconnection between ASEAN countries that leads to lack of political awareness. In this paper, we try to propose a combination between formal diplomacy actions done by state institution  and informal diplomacy actions done by non-government actors. We also points out an alternative strategy to promote political awareness on the future of SEA community. First, open policy to connecting diplomatic based community. Second, optimalize the regional cooperation with more concern with democracy and human rights issue. Third, building and institutionalizing political awareness through people participation. Keywords: regional cooperation, non-interference principal, political awareness, comunitarian
Regional Maritime Cooperation in Maintaining Maritime Security and Stability: A Test Case for ASEAN Unity and Centrality
Authors: Damayanti Angel
Published: June 2019

Southeast and East Asia region has emerged as a global strategic maritime. Yet, maritime in the region remains vulnerable with overlapping claims on sea borders, piracy attacks and other transnational challenges at sea. For these purposes, some major powers in the region such as the US, China and Indonesia have launched their respective strategies in securing maritime for their interests. To harmonize the various interests, ASEAN with its counterparts in East Asia region need an ASEAN-led, inclusive and comprehensive regional maritime mechanism and strategic partnership between ASEAN member states and its dialog partners to maintain good order at sea. In November 2015, the East Asian Summit eventually launched a joint statement on Enhancing Regional Maritime Cooperation to justify the centrality of ASEAN and to counter the failure of ASEAN Defense Minister Meeting. In such case, ASEAN member states need to manage their disunity to minimize hindrances of the realization and implementation of the plan. This paper mainly elaborates the reasons why the region needs regional maritime cooperation and challenges that ASEAN have to deal with in order to implement the ASEAN unity and centrality in promoting maritime cooperation and regional stability. To explain the maritime strategies of ASEAN and its dialogue partners, this study uses qualitative methods and utilizes states’ documents as well as ASEAN statements particularly on maritime issues.
Rethinking Refugees as Economically Isolated: The Rohingyas Participation in Informal Economy in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Ab. Wahab Andika
Published: June 2019

Unlike economic migrants, the refugee population is often portrayed as a burden to hosting governments. They are seen to be economically passive and highly dependent on the hosting government’s generosity and international organizations and donors’ humanitarian assistances. In Malaysia, refugee population including the Rohingyas are no longer living in sprawling tents, isolated villages or any refugee settlement in remote areas. They make their way to semi-urban and major city areas in search of economic opportunities to make a living while waiting for durable solutions accorded to them. The absence of the right to work coupled with the mounting pressure to make a living caused the Rohingyas to engage in informal economy, undertaking a variety of occupations and income-generating activities albeit risks of arrest and exploitation. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the Rohingyas’ participation in informal economy and their livelihood. Resulting from two series of field works engaging the Rohingyas in Klang Valley between 2013 and 2016, the study found that despite the absence of their right to work, the Rohingyas persistently entered into informal labor market as temporary, unskilled and low wage workers in various sectors such as trade, services and automotive. For the self-employed Rohingyas, they tend to engage in small-scale and unregulated income generating activities. Their goods and services are offered beyond the needs of the Rohingyas but to a larger extent of consumers including other migrant groups and local community. The Rohingyas’ active participation in informal economy is an attempt to not dependent or less depend on the UNHCR’s assistance and government’s generosity. This debunks the misconception that the Rohingya population in Malaysia are physically and economically isolated from the domestic economic structure.
The Effectiveness of De-Radicalization Program in Southeast Asia: Does It Work? The Case of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore
Authors: Suratman Yosua Praditya
Published: June 2019

The counterterrorism approach is still harnessed to tackle the spread of radical movement and it is deemed to be a soft strategy for a long term purpose. In the several past years, the government has been conducting de-radicalization program in attempt to bring the terrorist inmates safely to social life after the prison release. This program commonly conducted in the prison while the inmates serving the jail time for terrorism-related offences. Nevertheless, debates rise due to the fail of the program result which prove some recidivists appear to execute another terror attack. An opinion of prison environment which is considered  as a potential breeding ground for radicalization aggravates the government effort to reintegrate the prisoners into normal society. This worsened by the activities like recruiting other prisoners and supporting extremist groups from prison which still often occur in Indonesia. Taking two examples from international scope, France has announced to close its de-radicalization program, meanwhile United States under Trump’s leadership prefer to heightened the sentences related to terrorism and to ban Muslim migrants excessively. Meanwhile, Indonesia still convinces that de-radicalization program is one of the most strategic approaches in fighting terrorism, and it is deemed as a soft power with a long term oriented. Therefore, this paper will analyze the effectiveness of the program through theories, facts, and phenomenon. Thus it will yield some recommendations for Indonesian government in strengthening and reshaping its policies.
Explaining the Fast-Growing Textile and Garment Industries (TGI) in Vietnam (2000-2015)
Authors: Pertiwi Sukmawani Bela
Published: June 2019

The goal of this research is to explain the fast-growing textile and garment industries (TGI) in Vietnam from 2000 to present. This research is important in the context of Indonesia’s competition with Vietnam as among top TGI exporters in the world. This research adopted Gereffi’s Global Commodity Chains (GCCs) framework which situates TGI under the category of buyer-driven chains. Under this category, actors interested in industrial upgrading must develop both forward (marketing) and backward (production) linkages and learning process between this continuum. This research found that Vietnam’s fast growing textile and garment industries from 2000-present represents its successful industrial upgrading through its learning process in developing forward and backward linkages. Following these findings, therefore, Indonesia as competitor must also develop similar attitude and learning process in both linkages.
Causes, Origins and Possible Effects of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
Authors: Pasierbiak Pawel Mariusz
Published: June 2019

In 2007, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) at its 13th summit decided to create the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). In assumptions, the common market was to be established by the end of 2015, and the introduction of free movement of goods, services, capital and skilled labor was to lead to an increase in the degree of market integration among member states. But the creation of a single market is not an easy process, as illustrated by the case of the European Community/European Union, where a process of single market creation has been implemented slowly and with numerous difficulties. On the other hand, if the process of a common market creation is successful, the integration brings benefits to the participating countries. The primary goal of this article is to indicate potential effects as well as to show the progress of the implementation and functioning of the common market in the ASEAN Economic Community. To achieve the objective, the author will analyze the theoretical implications of a common market and the real implications, taking the European Union as an example. Having done this part of the analysis, the author will try to indicate and evaluate the possible effects of the process of the common market creation in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
Questioning the Regional Integration of Higher Education in ASEAN: Equality for All?
Authors: Heryadi Dudy , Dewi Anggia Utami , Akim Akim , Hermawan Cecep , Waki'ah Waki'ah
Published: June 2019

Regional integration in ASEAN, within the framework of ASEAN Community has three pillars. ASEAN Socio-Culture Community as one of the pillars brought the vision of equality of access toward education aligned with the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. Specifically, integration higher education is institutionally spearheaded by the ASEAN University Network (AUN) established in 1995, which currently is still the only legitimate HEI’s platform under the ASEAN Secretariat. This paper discusses the question on the exclusivity of AUN membership that had created the narratives of doubt among the non-member universities of AUN. The research is conducted with the qualitative methods in triangulation design based on the primary data taken from in-depth interview and structured focus group discussion (FGD), supplemented by the desk study on current research on the area of regional integration and higher education management. The result presented the positive view on the question posed in the research. AUN is adapting to change, with several universities are now holding the status of associate membership. AUN also stated that they are under the preparation of making scheme and procedure of new membership application. As a unique space of integration in ASEAN, AUN is continuously adjusting to accommodate the needs of the greater audience.Keywords—higher education, ASEAN University Network, inclusive, regional integration, ASEAN
Patterns of Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage in Adult Patients with Bilateral and Unilateral Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan , Zheng Jun , Guo Rui , Li Hao , You Chao , Ma Lu
Published: June 2019

Background:

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease. The difference
of hemorrhagic patterns in adult patients with bilateral and unilateral MMD is still unclear.

Objective:

For a better understanding of their characteristics, we compared the patterns of acute
intracranial hemorrhage in adult patients with bilateral and unilateral MMD.

Method:

Adult MMD patients with acute intracranial hemorrhage were retrospectively included.
Clinical and radiological characteristics of adult patients with bilateral and unilateral MMD were
collected and analyzed. Chi-square test, t-test, or rank sum test were used for statistical analyses.

Results:

A total of 107 patients were included. Among 74 patients with bilateral MMD, 9 (12.2%)
were at Suzuki Stage 2, 48 (64.9%) were at Stage 3, 16 (21.6%) were at Stage 4, and another
(1.4%) was at Stage 5. However, in patients with unilateral MMD, 8 (24.2%) were at Stage 2, 23
(69.7%) were at Stage 3, and 2 (6.1%) were at Stage 4. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage was found in
40 (54.1%) patients with bilateral MMD and 16 (48.5%) patients with unilateral MMD (P=0.594).
Intraventricular hemorrhage was shown in 65 (87.8%) patients with bilateral MMD and 19
(57.6%) patients with unilateral MMD (P<0.001). Subarachnoid hemorrhage was observed in 17
(23.0%) patients with bilateral MMD and 18 (54.5%) patients with unilateral MMD (P=0.001).

Conclusion:

Unilateral MMD patients with acute intracranial hemorrhage are at the earlier Suzuki
stage than the bilateral MMD patients. Intraventricular hemorrhage occurs more frequently in bilateral
MMD, while subarachnoid hemorrhage is more frequent in unilateral MMD.
5-Nitro-Thiophene-Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives Present Antitumor Activity Mediated by Apoptosis and DNA Intercalation
Authors: Roque Marques Karla Mirella , do Desterro Maria Rodrigues , de Arruda Sandrine Maria , de Araújo Neto Luiz Nascimento , do Carmo Alves de Lima Maria , de Almeida Sinara Mônica Vitalino , da Silva Edjan Carlos Dantas , de Aquino Thiago Mendonça , da Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira , de Araújo-Júnior João Xavier , de M. Silva Marina , de A. Dantas Maria Dayanne , Santos Josué Carinhanha C. , Figueiredo Isis M. , Bazin Marc-Antoine , Marchand Pascal , da Silva Teresinha Gonçalves , Mendonça Junior Francisco Jaime Bezerra
Published: June 2019

Background:

Considering the need for the development of new antitumor drugs, associated with the great antitumor potential of thiophene and thiosemicarbazonic derivatives, in this work we promote molecular hybridization approach to synthesize new compounds with increased anticancer activity.

Objective:

Investigate the antitumor activity and their likely mechanisms of action of a series of N-substituted 2-(5-nitro-thiophene)-thiosemicarbazone derivatives.

Methods:

Methods were performed in vitro (cytotoxicity, cell cycle progression, morphological analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential evaluation and topoisomerase assay), spectroscopic (DNA interaction studies), and in silico studies (docking and molecular modelling).

Results:

Most of the compounds presented significant inhibitory activity; the NCIH-292 cell line was the most resistant, and the HL-60 cell line was the most sensitive. The most promising compound was LNN-05 with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 1.9 µg.mL-1. The in vitro studies revealed that LNN-05 was able to depolarize (dose-dependently) the mitochondrial membrane, induceG1 phase cell cycle arrest noticeably, promote morphological cell changes associated with apoptosis in chronic human myelocytic leukaemia (K-562) cells, and presented no topoisomerase II inhibition. Spectroscopic UV-vis and molecular fluorescence studies showed that LNN compounds interact with ctDNA forming supramolecular complexes. Intercalation between nitrogenous bases was revealed through KI quenching and competitive ethidium bromide assays. Docking and Molecular Dynamics suggested that 5-nitro-thiophene-thiosemicarbazone compounds interact against the larger DNA groove, and corroborating the spectroscopic results, may assume an intercalating interaction mode.

Conclusion:

Our findings highlight 5-nitro-thiophene-thiosemicarbazone derivatives, especially LNN-05, as a promising new class of compounds for further studies to provide new anticancer therapies.
Neonatal Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome: Why We Should not Sleep on it. Literature Review of Forty-two Neonatal Onset Cases
Authors: Bardanzellu Flaminia , Pintus Maria Cristina , Fanos Vassilios , Marcialis Maria Antonietta
Published: June 2019

:

Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS), also referred with the expression “Ondine’s Curse”, is a rare genetic life-long disease resulting from the mutation of PHOX2B gene on chromosome 4p12.3. CCHS represents an autonomic nervous system disorder; its more fearsome manifestation is central hypoventilation, due to a deficient response of chemoreceptors to hypercapnia and hypoxia. Several associated symptoms can occur, such as pupillary anomalies, arrhythmias, reduced heart rate variability, esophageal dysmotility, and structural comorbidities (Hirschsprung’s Disease or neural crest tumours).

:

CCHS typical onset is during the neonatal period, but cases of delayed diagnosis have been reported; moreover, both sporadic or familial cases can occur.

:

In preterm newborns, asphyxia and typical prematurity-related findings may overlap CCHS clinical manifestations and make it harder to formulate a correct diagnosis.

:

The early recognition of CCHS allows appropriate management, useful to reduce immediate and long- term consequences.
p53: An Attractive Therapeutic Target for Cancer
Authors: Patel Krupa R. , Patel Hitesh D.
Published: June 2019

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. It initiates when cell cycle regulatory genes
lose their function either by environmental and/or by internal factors. Tumor suppressor protein p53,
known as “Guardian of genome”, plays a central role in maintaining genomic stability of the cell.
Mutation of TP53 is documented in more than 50% of human cancers, usually by overexpression of
negative regulator protein MDM2. Hence, reactivation of p53 by blocking the protein-protein interaction
between the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and the tumor suppressor protein p53 has become
the most promising therapeutic strategy in oncology. Several classes of small molecules have
been identified as potent, selective and efficient p53-MDM2 inhibitors. Herein, we review the druggability
of p53-MDM2 inhibitors and their optimization approaches as well as clinical candidates
categorized by scaffold type.
Anti-proliferative Effects of Chromones: Potent Derivatives Affecting Cell Growth and Apoptosis in Breast, Bone-marrow and Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Ejaz Syeda Abida , Miliutina Mariia , Langer Peter , Saeed Aamer , Iqbal Jamshed
Published: June 2019

Background:

Previously, we have identified 3,3′–carbonyl–bis(chromones) (1a-h, 5e)
and 3–(5–(benzylideneamino)thiozol–3–yl)–2H–chromen–2–ones (7a-j) as potent inhibitors of tissue
non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). The present study was designed to investigate the
cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effect of the said derivatives.

Methods:

The anti-proliferative effect of the derivatives was investigated in three cancer cell lines
i.e., MCF-7, K-562, HeLa and normal BHK21 cells using MTT assay. The pro-apoptotic effect of
the most potent derivatives was investigated by using flow cytometry, DAPI and PI staining and
DNA binding studies.

Results:

Among all the screened compounds, 1f, 1d, 1c (from 3,3′–carbonyl–bis(chromones), 7c,
7h and 7i (from 3–(5–(benzylideneamino)thiozol–3–yl)–2H–chromen–2–ones) exhibited remarkable
growth inhibitory effects. Compounds 1f and 7c were found to be the most potent cytotoxic
derivatives against MCF-7; 1d and 7h inhibited most of the proliferation of K-562 cells, whereas
1c and 7i showed maximum growth inhibition in HeLa cells. The identified compounds exerted
lower micromolar potency against the respective cell line with significant selectivity over the normal
cells (BHK–21). The identified compounds also induced either G2 or S-phase arrest within the
respective cancer cells, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation, as well as maximum
interaction with DNA.

Conclusions:

These results provide evidence that the characteristic chemical features of attached
groups are the key factors for their anticancer effects and play a useful role in revealing the
mechanisms of action in relation to the known compounds in future research programs.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin in BK Virus Nephropathy
Authors: Elizabeth I. Anyaegbu , Stanley P. Hmiel
Published: June 2019

The incidence of post transplant viral infections has increased with the use of more potent immunosuppressive
regimens. Consequently, BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) has arisen as a significant cause of graft dysfunction and loss.
Reduction of immunosuppression is the first line management of post-transplant viral infections. Other therapies such as
intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), cidofovir, leflunomide and fluoroquinolones have been tried with varying degrees of
success.

We report our experience with IVIg in three pediatric renal transplant recipients who presented with allograft dysfunction.
First, we describe two cases of biopsy proven BKVN, one diagnosed with undetectable viral titers in plasma,
demonstrating that BKVN can occur even at low viral loads. We also present a pediatric renal transplant recipient with
persistent BK viremia and allograft dysfunction who responded to therapy with recovery of renal function and clearance
of viremia. Therefore we conclude that IVIg is efficacious in the treatment of persistent BK viremia and BKVN. The
appropriate dose, frequency and duration of therapy require further study.
Digital Versus Conventional Rehabilitation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Single-Center, Parallel-Group Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dias Correia Fernando , Nogueira André , Magalhães Ivo , Guimarães Joana , Moreira Maria , Barradas Isabel , Molinos Maria , Teixeira Laetitia , Pires Joaquim , Seabra Rosmaninho , Lains Jorge , Bento Virgílio
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

The demand for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is rising. In the face of rapidly increasing health care costs, ensuring widespread, cost-effective rehabilitation is a priority. Technologies allowing independent home-based rehabilitation may be the key to facilitate access, improve effectiveness, and lower costs of care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a novel artificial intelligence–powered digital biofeedback system following THA and compare the clinical outcomes against supervised conventional rehabilitation.

METHODS

This was a single-center, parallel-group pilot study, with an 8-week intervention program. Patients were assessed at baseline, during the program (at 4 and 8 weeks), and 3 and 6 months after surgery. The primary outcome was the Timed Up and Go (TUG) score and secondary outcomes were the Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scale (HOOS; a patient-reported outcome) and hip range of motion (ROM).

RESULTS

A total of 66 patients were included: 35 digital physiotherapy (PT) versus 31 conventional. There were no differences at baseline between groups except for lower HOOS quality of life (QoL) subscale scores in the digital PT group. Clinically relevant improvements were noted in both groups at all time points. The digital PT group showed a retention rate of 86% (30/35). Per-protocol analysis revealed a superiority of the digital PT group for all outcome measures. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed the superiority of the digital PT group at all time points for TUG (change between baseline and 4 and 8 weeks: P<.001; change between baseline and 3 and 6 months: P=.001 and P=.005, respectively), with a difference between median changes of −4.79 seconds (95% CI −7.24 to −1.71) at 6 months post-THA. Between baseline and month 6, results were also superior in the digital PT group for the HOOS sports and QoL subscales and all ROM except for standing flexion.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates this novel solution holds promise in rehabilitation after THA, ensuring better clinical outcomes than conventional rehabilitation while reducing dependence on human resources.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03045549; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03045549
Business Strategy PT. XYZ in Marketing CItric Acid For Food and Beverage Ingredients Industry
Authors: Hartanto Agus
Published: June 2019

Raw material distributors play an important role in the continuity of the food and beverage industry in producing their products, therefore raw material distributors must implement the right strategy in order to have a competitive and sustainable competitive advantage. This research was conducted at PT. XYZ located in East Jakarta, PT. XYZ is one of the raw material distributors who distribute citric acid as food additives in the food and beverage industry. This research will be conducted in November 2017 until the end of April 2018. The purpose of this research is to determine the right business strategy in order to achieve competitive and sustainable advantages. This research includes descriptive - qualitative research, where primary data collection is done by questionnaires, interviews, and FGD (Forum Group Discussion) and literature as secondary data. The analysis used in this study is the SWOT Matrix, Grand Strategy Matrix, and Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix. The results of this study show the Growth Strategy and alternative strategies of PT. XYZ namely Market Development Strategy, Backward Integration Strategy, and Horizontal Integration Strategy. Conclusion The PT. XYZ Business Strategy is a Market Development Strategy and Growth Strategy.
Influence of historical use of antibiotics toward antibiotic resistance
Authors: Alkindi Fawandi Fuad , Yulia Rika , Herawati Fauna , Jaelani Abdul Kadir
Published: June 2019

A WHO’s Global Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance showed there is an increase of antimicrobial resistance in Asia between 2013 until 2014. Many studies showed that there is a correlation between prior antibiotic use with antimicrobial resistance case. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between prior antibiotic use with antimicrobial resistance. İt was a retrospective and descriptive study conducted at Bangil Regional General Hospital. The data collected from the medical record and microbiological test from the patient at the internal ward. Chi-square analysis used for the statistic. This study showed that prior antibiotic use increased 0,399 bigger for antimicrobial resistance rate (p=0,001).
La comunicación de la ciencia y la tecnología como herramienta para la apropiación social del conocimiento y la innovación
Authors: García Carlos
Published: June 2019

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis sobre los modelos de comunicación de la ciencia y la tecnología más utilizados y conocidos en Latinoamérica. En contraparte, se propone un modelo intercultural de comunicación de las ciencias y la tecnología, el cual pretende coadyuvar a los conocimientos que provienen de las prácticas científicas, con las que provienen de las comunidades que no son establecidas dentro de esta producción de conocimiento. La última parte se propone a la comunicación de la ciencia y la tecnología como una herramienta que genere una genuina apropiación social de conocimiento y la innovación.
Scleral Lens Hygiene and Care
Authors: Fadel Daddi , Toabe Mindy
Published: June 2019

Scleral lenses (ScCLs) are developed using the same material as rigid gas permeable corneal lenses yet the care of scleral lenses differs from corneal lenses. These large diameter rigid gas permeable lenses necessitate hygiene, care and compliance protocol that is more complex compared with corneal lenses. Cleaning, disinfection, storing, rinsing and applying ScCL will be discussed. Practitioners will gain confidence in ScCL care which will provide patients with a better understanding of the steps involved in ScCL disinfection leading to increased patient compliance and increased success rates. In turn, patient education will lower the risk for infection and other complications associated with ScCL.
MONUMENTS / Les frontières qui établissent les normes qui nous fondent n’existent pas ici
Authors: Audrey Beaulé
Published: June 2019

Tout a débuté par un désir et ce qui m’apparaissait comme une nécessité: tenter une relecture queer et féministe de l’abstraction.
Expression, purification and characterization of cellobiose dehydrogenase mutants from Phanerochaete chrysosporium in Pichia pastoris KM71H strain
Authors: Balaz Ana , Blazic Marija , Popovic Nikolina , Prodanovic Olivera , Ostafe Raluca , Fischer Rainer , Prodanovic Radivoje
Published: June 2019

Production of soluble cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) mutant proteins previously evolved on the surface of S. cerevisiae yeast cells was established for use in biosensors and biofuel cells. For this purpose, mutant cdh genes tm (D20N, A64T, V592M), H5 (D20N, V22A, A64T, V592M) and H9 (D20N, A64T, T84A, A261P, V592M, E674G, N715S) were cloned to pPICZ? plasmid and transformed into Pichia pastoris KM71H strain for high expression in a soluble form and kinetic characterization. After 6 days of expression under methanol induction, the CDHs were purified by ultrafiltration, ion- -exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis confirmed the purity and presence of a single protein band at a molecular weight of 100 kDa. Kinetic characterization showed that the H5 mutant had the highest catalytic constant of 43.5 s-1 for lactose, while the mutant H9 showed the highest specificity constant for lactose of 132 mM-1 s-1. All three mutant proteins did not change the pH optimum that was between 4.5 and 5.5. Compared to the previously obtained wild types and mutants of CDH from Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the variants reported in this article had higher activity and specificity that together with high protein expression rate in P. pastoris, makes them good candidates for use in biotechnology for lactobionic acid production and biosensor manufacture.
Southern Industries: A Realistic Simulation of Substantive Testing for Accounts Receivable
Authors: Blix Leslie H. , Blix William , Edmonds Mark , Keenan Emily S.
Published: June 2019

This case helps prepare students for internships and careers in the audit profession by providing them with a realistic simulation of year-end substantive testing of Accounts Receivable. Students are given an audit program for testing management's assertions for the Accounts Receivable balance, and they are provided realistic supporting documentation with which to conduct their tests. Throughout the simulation, students will perform the following procedures: (1) identifying the correct supporting documents for each test and how to perform the required test work, (2) learning how to properly document their findings, (3) identifying any audit issues that arise during the performance of their test work, (4) rendering judgment for common issues that arise during the audit of the revenue cycle, (5) tying the supporting work papers to the trial balance and financial statements, and (6) understanding how an auditor can provide reasonable assurance about an account balance through substantive test work.
Navigating the Depths and Avoiding the Shallows of Pancreatic Islet Cell Transcriptomes
Authors: Mawla Alex M. , Huising Mark O.
Published: June 2019

Islet gene expression has been widely studied to better understand the transcriptional features that define a healthy β-cell. Transcriptomes of FACS-purified α-, β-, and δ-cells using bulk RNA-sequencing have facilitated our understanding of the complex network of cross talk between islet cells and its effects on β-cell function. However, these approaches were by design not intended to resolve heterogeneity between individual cells. Several recent studies used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) to report considerable heterogeneity within mouse and human β-cells. In this Perspective, we assess how this newfound ability to assess gene expression at single-cell resolution has enhanced our understanding of β-cell heterogeneity. We conduct a comprehensive assessment of several single human β-cell transcriptome data sets and ask if the heterogeneity reported by these studies showed overlap and concurred with previously known examples of β-cell heterogeneity. We also illustrate the impact of the inevitable limitations of working at or below the limit of detection of gene expression at single cell resolution and their consequences for the quality of single–islet cell transcriptome data. Finally, we offer some guidance on when to opt for scRNA-Seq and when bulk sequencing approaches may be better suited.
Enamel Etching for Universal Adhesives: Examination of Enamel Etching Protocols for Optimization of Bonding Effectiveness
Authors: Wong J , Tsujimoto A , Fischer NG , Baruth AG , Barkmeier WW , Johnson EA , Samuel SM , Takamizawa T , Latta MA , Miyazaki M
Published: June 2019

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether different enamel etching methods with reduced etching times would improve the bonding effectiveness of universal adhesives.

Methods and Materials:

Three enamel etching methods, phosphoric acid ester monomer (PPM) etching, phosphoric acid (PPA) etching, and polyalkenoic acid (PLA) etching, and three universal adhesives, G-Premio Bond (GP), Prime&Bond elect (PE), and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SU), were evaluated. Initial bond strengths and fatigue strengths of universal adhesives to ground enamel and ground enamel etched for less than one, five, 10, and 15 seconds using different etching methods were determined. The bonded fatigue specimens were loaded using a sine wave at a frequency of 20 Hz for 50,000 cycles or until failure occurred with a staircase method. Atomic force micrograph (AFM) observations along with measurements of surface Ra roughness and modified surface area of enamel with different etching protocols were also conducted.

Results:

The bond fatigue durability of universal adhesives to enamel with PPA etching from less than one to 15 seconds and PLA etching for 15 seconds was significantly higher than that to ground enamel. The bond fatigue durability to enamel with PPM etching was not increased compared with ground enamel. The surface Ra roughness and surface area obtained with AFM of enamel increased after PPA and PLA etching, and those values were significantly higher than those of ground enamel. Furthermore, surface Ra roughness and surface area with PPA etching were significantly higher than those with PLA etching. However, surface Ra roughness and surface area of enamel with PPM etching were similar to those of ground enamel regardless of etching time.

Conclusion:

PPA etching for less than one to 15 seconds and PLA etching for 15 seconds improve universal adhesive bonding, surface Ra roughness, and surface area of enamel. However, PPM etching is not effective, regardless of etching time, in improving bonds strengths, increasing surface roughness, and increasing surface area.
Evaluasi dan Pengembangan Sistem BUMDes Wisata Kemiren Berbasis Web Studi Kasus www.kemiren.com
Authors: Utama Anak Agung Gde Satia , Hikmawati Eka Elmi , Herwiyanti Elsya , Fatmah Fatmah
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and provide a system model for the development of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Banyuwangi with the Kemiren Tourism website as a case study. The current system is still not optimal, where the website functions only as a marketing system. This research uses a qualitative approach with case studies. Data obtained from interviews, observations, website observations and documentation. The analysis technique uses triangulation by doing data reduction first, then producing coding, and interpreting the results and finally taking conclusions. The results of the proposed system model can extend the benefits of the website not only as a marketing tool, but can be used as a means of customer relations, other tourist relations and evaluation results that can increase the revenue of BUMDes
Violencia simbólica y discurso docente en el aula de clase: un estudio de caso en un Centro de Educación Básica Alternativa de Lima
Authors: Cisneros Cisneros Rodrigo Gerardo
Published: June 2019

La presente investigación busca identificar los mecanismos discursivos y los significados e interpretaciones que hacen de la realidad los docentes pertenecientes a la Educación Básica Alternativa. Estos discursos se encuentran cargados de violencia simbólica, que se define como la imposición de significaciones legítimas provenientes de la cultura hegemónica. En ese sentido, se puede afirmar que la modalidad de Educación Básica Alternativa está caracterizada por estudiantes que padecen las particularidades de la cultura hegemónica. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo, centrado en un estudio de caso. El recojo de la información se hizo a través de la técnica de la observación participante; y la misma se analizó con herramientas fundadas por el Análisis Crítico del Discurso. Los resultados arrojaron dos mecanismos a los cuales los docentes suelen recurrir durante sus clases: por un lado, se observa la nominalización discursiva que tiende a reducir la información dada y; por el otro, la presuposición que lleva una carga ideológica. Asimismo, se concluye que los discursos están generando un Habitusen los estudiantes pertenecientes a la modalidad de Educación Básica Alternativa, de lo cual, sin embargo, los docentes a menudo no son conscientes.
Concept Development of a Multi Level Horizontal Shaft Impact Crusher
Authors: Dave Nimisha , Jain Abhishek
Published: June 2019

Crushers are one of the real size lessening gear that is utilized as a part of metallurgical, mechanical, and other comparative businesses. They exist in different sizes and limits which extend from 0.1 ton/hr. to 50 ton/hr. They can be ordered taking into account the extent to which they can piece the beginning material and the way they apply strengths. In view of the system utilized crushers are fundamentally of three sorts to be specific Cone crusher, Jaw crusher and Impact crusher. Sway crushers include the utilization of effect instead of weight to pulverize materials. Here the material is held inside of an enclosure, with openings of the coveted size at the base, end or at sides to permit squashed material to escape through them. This sort of crusher is for the most part utilized with delicate materials such as coal, seeds or delicate metallic minerals. The instrument connected here is of Impact stacking where the season of use of power is not exactly the regular recurrence of vibration of the body. Since the sledges/blow bars are pivoting at a fast, the ideal opportunity for which the particles interact with the mallets is little, thus here effect stacking is connected. The pole is thought to be subjected to torsion and bowing. The pounding screen is additionally intended for ideal yield from the crusher An execution model is likewise considered for the level shaft sway crusher to discover the connection between the food, the crusher parameters and the yield parameters.