bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multivariate Flood Risk Assessment of the Unplanned Semi- Urban Region by Incorporating Flood Hazard, Vulnerability, and Exposure
Authors: Bhere Sachin , Reddy M. Janga
Published: January 2022

The mapping of flood risk is important to identify areas at risk and to improve flood disaster management and preparedness. Flood risk is often expressed as the product of the hazard and the probable consequences which is determined in terms of direct damages by assessing flood vulnerability and exposure. This study aims to develop the flood risk assessment (FRA) framework for the dense semi-urban region by incorporating flood hazard, topographic and socio-economic vulnerability, along with exposure, which is calculated by considering housing conditions and classification of the damages by different land use and land cover classes. The FRA at the municipal level is challenging due to the spatial resolution of social, economic, and medical indicators therefore this study attempts to map the flood risk of the semi-urban region where the different zones and housing communities are intertwined due to a lack of town planning. This FRA framework is applied to the Kulgoan-Badlapur Municipal Council (KBMC) located at the Ulhas Riverbank, a west-flowing river in Maharashtra, India. The city is located at the riverbank, which receives more than 2000 mm rainfall annually, and as most growing industries and businesses depend on the river itself, the risk associated with flood increases exponentially. The study shows that the spatial distribution of the flood risk is higher in the wards which are densely populated and near the river stream. Despite low population and assets, some neighborhoods are highly susceptible to flood due to their topographical conditions. Over the years, the population has been increasing in the neighborhoods due to the new real estate projects, which will make them more vulnerable to floods, and the overall risk is increasing. Study shows that the 82% of the area of Valavli and Manjarli ward comes under high flood risk due to high topographic vulnerability and exposure. Similarly the few parts of Industrial zone also comes under the high risk because of its location near river bank. The wards like Kulgaon comes under medium flood risk despite its high socio-economic vulnerability and high exposure which proves that the flood risk is majorly depends on the flood inundation. The exposure-based flood risk assessment will help to frame a more practical and reasonable evaluation of risk for growing urban and industrial zones.
CD73 molecule inhibitor upregulates miR16 expression in experimental glioblastoma and inhibits angiogenesis by targeting VEGF
Authors: Arab Samaneh , Ghasemi Sahar , Bahraminasab Marjan , Ghanbari Ali , Heidari Mina , Kokhaei Parviz , Asgharzade Samira
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe function of CD73, an enzyme that is involved in adenosine (ADO) generation, in glioblastoma development has been demonstrated however the details of its molecular mechanisms are not realized nevertheless. MethodsDue to the significance of angiogenesis in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis, we intended to evaluate the impact of CD73 inhibition by adenosine 5′-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate (APCP) on the angiogenesis process of experimental orthotopic glioblastoma at mRNAs, microRNAs, and proteins levels. ResultsAccording to the real time-PCR findings, CD73 inhibition decreased glioblastoma angiogenesis by reducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) expression. Also, immunohistochemical staining showed that this treatment protocol attenuated the expression of VEGF and CD31. Moreover, APCP treatment in the glioblastoma model rats significantly increased miR-16 expression, although there is not observed significant change in expression in miR-29A. Treatment did not induce systemic damage or significant body weight loss.Conclusion In conclusion, our findings indicate that CD73 inhibition can diminish tumor new vessel generation by inhibiting the molecules involved in this process, thereby CD73 may be a practical target and provide novel opportunities for improving the treatment of malignant brain tumors.
The Relationship Between Adhesion Morphology and Cutting Force in Orthogonal Cutting of 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Ding Yuxing , Yu Jianchao , Lu Zhikai
Published: January 2022

Due to the sticky and soft characteristics of aluminum alloy, it is easy to form adhesion on the tool rake face during cutting process. In this work, the relationship between adhesion and cutting force has been explored, and the orthogonal cutting tests were carried out at cutting speeds of 20 m/min-300 m/min and feed rates of 0.05 mm-0.3 mm. The slip line model was used to separate the edge force of the cutting edge to obtain the pure friction force of the tool rake face, thereby obtaining the average friction coefficient. The adhesion morphology was observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared with the average friction coefficient. It is found that different adhesion morphologies correspond to different friction coefficient ranges. Simultaneously, the relationship between the temperature and normal stress on the tool rake face and the adhesion morphology and friction coefficient was investigated, and the results showed that the temperature is the major factor of the adhesion evolution and friction coefficient change. Combining the tool rake face temperature and the adhesion morphology, it was noted that the reduction of the friction coefficient is not only owing to the self-lubrication caused by thermal softening, but also due to the decrease of the total shear force caused by the incomplete contact. Finally, the relationship between the friction coefficient of the tool rake face and the cutting force and specific cutting energy was discussed, with the conclusion that the friction coefficient has an impact on the cutting force and specific cutting energy by changing the shear angle.
Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Capacity of Hyrosols From Lamiaceae Plants for Biopesticide Use. The Role of Phenolic Compounds
Authors: GASPAR-PINTILIESCU Alexandra , MIHAI Elena , CIUCAN Teodora , POPESCU Adriana Florina , LUNTRARU Cristina , TOMESCU Justinian , CRACIUNESCU Oana
Published: January 2022

Background

Hydrosols are aqueous solutions obtained as by-products after essential oil extraction from aromatic plants. However, they have been lately reconsidered for applications in ecological agriculture, cosmetic and food industry due to their valuable bioactive phytochemicals content. The aim of this study was to identify the main volatile and polyphenolic compounds in hydrosols extracted from three Romanian Lamiaceae plants, sage (Salvia officinalis), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and to analyse the correlation of their total phenolics content to the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition capacity, in view of future development of novel biopesticides.
Results

Our results showed that sage and rosemary hydrosols presented better antioxidant activity than lavender hydrosol in all tested free radical scavenging and metal chelating assays. Good correlation of the antioxidant activity to hydrosols’ phenolics and flavonoids content was observed, except for DPPH assay. The same order was found for acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition, but this was partially related to phenolics content of hydrosols, suggesting that other components present in hydrosols were active compounds with synergistic role in this process.
Conclusion

These results indicated that Lamiaceae hydrosols could be recommended alone or as optimised mixtures to develop novel natural products for the control of pests in eco-agrosystems.
Genealogy of Development and Codification of Yugoslavian Earthquake Resistant Design
Authors: Milutinovic Zoran , Makreska Radmila Salic , Tomic Daniel , Trajcevski Jovan
Published: January 2022

This contribution aims to clarify for exposure modellers and vulnerability and seismic risk assessors the basis on which seismic lateral loads have been established in all Yugoslavian seismic design codes since 1948. The particular focus is on JUS39/64 and JUS31/81 seismic design codes since they controlled the seismic safety of Macedonian (and Yugoslavian) exposure for 16 and 41 years, respectively. The analyses and discussions are centred on lateral force coefficients as a primary factor for representing the features of each design level. Presented is in all detail the developed K-Quotient method that efficiently compares inter-code lateral force levels. The method provides the closed solution for simplified lateral load calculation applicable to “stiff” buildings (T≤0.5s). The presented results are indicative of flexible buildings requiring further research on the subject.
Lumpy Skin Virus; Herpesviridae Inevitable Synergism
Authors: Kamal Samia Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Background: Lumpy skin virus causes huge economic losses in farm animals. Herpesviridae are opportunistic and showed synergistic role but worsen disease symptoms. By using TEM & negative staining one avoid the problematic concerns of differential diagnosis.Materials and Methods: Cutaneous crusts collected from infected cattle, samples examined directly by the electron microscopy, then confirmed by the Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction and partially sequenced by ORF103 gene.Results: This study reveals that the source of infection was not related to the vaccines. It turns out to be a natural infection by Lumpy skin disease virus isolate Evros / GR/15 and 99% identity. A comparison of the gene sequence of the vaccine against the virus showed significant divergence between them. Negative staining electron microscopy reveals Lumpy skin disease virus & Herpes viruses in different sizes and forms. Herpesviridae members were contaminating LSD lesions as TEM reveals the presence of different herpes types. Conclusions: LSD virus of cattle showed virulent nature in natural outbreak. However, the herpes viruses invade infected tissues and propagate inside cells of lumps that revealed its opportunistic behavior. Consequently; Antivirals against Herpesviridae would theoretically relief lumpy skin disease symptoms and help in control efforts.
Discovering chromosomal regions related to spot blotch disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by QTL analysis
Authors: pankaj yaswant kumar , Kumar Rajeev , Gill Kulvinder Singh , Nagarajan Ragupathi
Published: January 2022

Spot blotch (SB) is a major constraint to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in South Asia's warmer plains. SB, also known as leaf blight, is caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and causes significant yield losses in India's Eastern Gangetic Plain Zone. The aim of this study was to map SB resistance via composite interval mapping (CIM) in the PBW343/IC252874 population, which comprised of 165 doubled haploid lines (DHLs), across two years in India. The phenotypic analysis of these lines revealed a constant variance in disease severity, implying that SB resistance is most likely polygenic. DHLs' phenotypic data was also used to map QTLs using SSR markers. The presence of quantitative inheritance with transgressive segregation for SB resistance in the population was also revealed. The QTLs were discovered on 12 chromosomes i.e. 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6A, and 7A. A new QTL was detected on chromosome 4D being linked to SB in both years. We have also found two consistent QTLs on the chromosomes, 2B and 5B with the average PVE of 17.9% and 19.9% respectively. These findings reveal new genomic areas linked to spot blotch disease, which could be used in disease resistance breeding strategies in wheat advancement with further validation.
Construct Validity and Applicability of a Team-sport-specific Change of Direction Test
Authors: Willberg Christina , Kohler Axel , Zentgraf Karen
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUNDː Cuts and fast changes of directions (COD) are frequent movements during games in team sport. As those movements are seen as a key performance parameter in team sport, COD assessments are included in performance diagnostics. However, some tests are criticized as they seem to be confounded by parameters such as linear sprinting performance. Therefore, it is suggested that not only the total COD time should be assessed, but also the athletes' COD movements should be examined in more detail. For example, split times could be analyzed in tests with more than one COD such as the Team-Sport-Specific COD test (TSS-COD) which was developed as a modified version of the Handball Agility-Specific test. We aimed to investigate the construct validity of TSS-COD, focusing on the homogeneity of the different test parts. We also tested how far sprint performance maps onto COD performance.METHODSː Test data were analyzed from 154 elite male and female volleyball and basketball athletes. Explorative principal component analysis (PCA) was calculated including the test interval durations and the athletes’ 5, 10, and 20 m sprint performance, to test the validity of TSS-COD.RESULTSː PCA results showed that the COD start interval formed a factor separate from the other COD sub-intervals. In addition, sprint performance was separated from all COD interval measures. The findings were confirmed by split-half validation.CONCLUSIONSː Sprint and COD performance represent independent performance domains. The validity of the TSS-COD test can be increased further by either subtracting the duration of the start interval from the total time or starting assessments after the start interval.
Predictive Factors for Recovery Time in Conceived Women Suffering From Moderate to Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Authors: Huang Kai , Shi Ying , Chen Gezi , Shi Hao , Zhai Jun
Published: January 2022

Backgroud: To evaluate potential predictors for recovery time in pregnant patients with moderate to severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Methods: A total of 424 pregnant patients with moderate to severe OHSS underwent in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) were retrospectively identified. The clinical features and laboratory findings within 24 hours after admission were collected. Treatment of OHSS was carried out according to standard procedure including fluid replacement therapy, human albumin, aspirin, low molecular weight heparin and paracentesis if necessary. Patients were discharged from hospital when morning hematocrit was <40% and no obvious clinically relevant symptoms were existed, such as abdominal distension, abdominal pain and shortness of breath. Meanwhile, ultrasound indicated little pleural or abdominal effusion and biochemical abnormalities return to normal were required. Results: The median recovery time of these patients was 11 days. In spearman correlation test, leukocyte, hemoglobin, platelets, hematocrit, creatinine, PT, Fib, D-dimer, and FDP were positively correlated with recovery time. Whereas, albumin and TT were negatively correlated with recovery time. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hemoglobin, platelets, albumin, and Fib significantly associated with the recovery time of OHSS patients (p = 0.023, p < 0.001, p = 0.007, p < 0.001, and p = 0.019; respectively). Conclusions: In pregnant OHSS patients, presence of PCOS and hypoalbuminemia were associated with significantly longer recovery time. Meanwhile, recovery time was longer when patients have high levels of hemoglobin, platelets and Fib.
Stretchable Conductive Materials Based On Braided Cnt Yarns On Elastomeric Core
Authors: Bar Avia J , Mead Joey , Dodiuk Hanna , Kenig Samuel
Published: January 2022

The mechanical properties of braided carbon nanotube yarns (CNTYs) on an elastomeric core to produce stretchable conductive materials were modeled and studied under tension. The elastomeric core served as the stretchable spring and the CNTYs braiding, with shape changing capabilities, as the conductive shell. The model predicts the stress-strain behavior of the composite as a function of the initial braiding angle and the number of pitches. The innovative aspect was included in the model related to the friction between the braid and the core. Results indicated good agreement between the theoretical model and the experimental results. Since the rate of the diameter decrease of the CNTYs braid was higher than that of the elastomeric core diameter, squeezing out of the core through the braid inter yarn space occurred. This limited the maximum potential extension of the braid. Thus, a critical strain was defined where the braid came into contact with the core. The addition of the friction stresses made a significant contribution to the overall stresses and the accuracy of the model and its agreement with the experimental results. An apparent friction coefficient was proposed to account for the effect of the elastomer core/braid interactive restriction and squeezing out of the elastomer through the braiding, as observed in experimental results. As the CNTYs are conductive, a stretchable conductive composite was obtained having a resistivity of 9.05x10-4 Ohm*cm, which remained constant throughout the tensile loading until failure and under cyclic loading.
Bubble-Particle Collision Efficiency in Rotating Dissolved Air Flotation in Paper-Recycling Wastewater Treatment: Experiments and Modeling
Authors: jelodar Abbas Hasannattaj , Rad Hasan Amini , Borghei Seyed Mehdi , Vossoughi Manuchehr , Rouhollahi Rahmatollah
Published: January 2022

Paper-recycling mills are serious environmental threats due to their high consumption of water and highly polluted wastewater. Particles are the most common issue of paper-recycling wastewater, and their removal is important for recycling. Rotating dissolved air flotation (RDAF) is a system for separating particles, and the mixing zone of this system, where particles collide with air bubbles, is the most important part that has not been studied. In this work, the mixing zone of a full-scale RDAF in the paper-recycling mill wastewater treatment was investigated to predict particle-bubble collision efficiency and the diameter of the formed particles in different turbulence conditions. ANSYS CFX R18.0, mathematical modeling, and experimental analysis were simultaneously conducted in this research. Based on experimental operation, four scenarios including flow rates and the discharge condition of effluent into the mixing zone were studied. Bubbles with sizes of 60, 80 and 100 µm and the turbulences were calculated. The particle-bubble collision efficiencies indicated the output particles diameter ranging from 50 to 300 µm. Also, an experimental particle size test (SLS) was performed. The modeling and experimental results both showed that the collision efficiency was higher with the production of larger particles when valves #3 and #4 were opened in the mixing zone.
Long Noncoding RNA DLGAP1-AS2 Promotes Tumorigenesis and Metastasis by Regulating the Trim21/ELOA/LHPP Signaling Axis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Xue , Zhao Jing , Cheng Han , Li Jiuming , Chen Ying , Cui Kaisa , Tian Lu , Zhang Jia , Li Chaoqun , Sun Shengbai , Feng Yuyang , Yao Surui , Bian Zehua , Huang Shenglin , Fei Bojian , Huang Zhaohui
Published: January 2022

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have driven research focused on their effects as oncogenes or tumor suppressors involved in carcinogenesis. However, the functions and mechanisms of most lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Methods: The expression of DLGAP1-AS2 was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR in multiple CRC cohorts. The impacts of DLGAP1-AS2 on CRC growth and metastasis were evaluated by a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of DLGAP1-AS2 in CRC was revealed by RNA pull down, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA sequencing, luciferase assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and rescue experiments. Results: We discovered that DLGAP1-AS2promoted CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis by physically interacting with Elongin A (ELOA) and inhibiting its protein stability by promoting tripartite motif containing 21(Trim21)-mediated ubiquitination modification and degradation of ELOA. In particular, we revealed that DLGAP1-AS2decreases phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP) expression by inhibiting ELOA-mediated transcriptional activating of LHPP and thus blocking LHPP-dependent suppression of the AKT signaling pathway. In addition, we also demonstrated that DLGAP1-AS2 was bound and stabilized by cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF2) and cleavage stimulation factor (CSTF3). Conclusions: The discovery of DLGAP1-AS2, a promising prognostic biomarker, reveals a new dimension into the molecular pathogenesis of CRC and provides a prospective treatment target for this disease. Keywords: colorectal cancer, DLGAP1-AS2, ELOA, Trim21, LHPP
In Silico Screening and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluoroquinolones: Lead-Optimization Studies
Authors: Vuppala Srimai , Kim Jaeyoung , Choi Ji Myung , Joo Bo Sun , Jang Joonkyung
Published: January 2022

Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics regularly used to treat eyes, urinary tracts, and respiratory infections. Transcriptional regulator (TcaR) enzyme plays an important role in the formation of biofilms in Staphylococcus epidermidis. These biofilms are important for the protection of bacteria from the host immune system. By using computer-aided drug design techniques, we investigate the molecular interactions and pharmacological properties of selected fluoroquinolones on Staphylococcus epidermidis TcaR. We identified the hit molecules through molecular docking and pharmacological evaluation of the selected dataset on TcaR. The hit molecules were used as the leads for further optimization studies to design novel pharmacophore analogs against Staphylococcus epidermidis TcaR. The newly designed lead-optimized molecules have shown good binding energies and fitness scores with improved pharmacological properties.
Designing an emotional presence in virtual education
Authors: Jamebozorg Zahra
Published: January 2022

Emotional presence includes emotional response and perception of presence in the virtual learning environment. This study aimed to investigate the components of students' emotional perception and teacher's scheme for emotional response and determine a meaningful relationship between these variables. The quasi-experimental research method was utilized. The statistical population of the study included Tehran University of Medical Sciences students. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The PEYDE questionnaire was used to determine emotional response and perception. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were estimated. The students were randomly divided into two experimental and two control groups based on the name list. The findings revealed a strong link between teachers' emotional responses and students' perceptions as two dimensions of emotional presence in virtual learning. There is a good fit of the measurement model and compatibility between teachers' and students' perceptions of the virtual learning environment. Therefore, the measurement model in the experimental group has a good fit. The value obtained from the model showed that the value of T is more than 1.96, so the researcher's hypothesis is confirmed in the experimental group at a confidence level of 0.95. Furthermore, because the value obtained Q2 is more than zero and positive, it can be concluded that the model has predictive power. Therefore, focusing on emotional presence is essential for a web-based exploratory community. Teachers' designed emotional response is significantly correlated with students' emotional perception and management in the virtual learning environment.
Managing Peer Support Workers in Swedish Mental Health Services – A Leadership Perspective on Implementation and Sustainability
Authors: Grim Katarina , Bergmark Magnus , Argentzell Elisabeth , Rosenberg David
Published: January 2022

Background: Even though it has been demonstrated that peer support contributes to positive outcomes for service users, organizational implementation issues remain. The aim of the current study was to examine an implementation of peer support from the perspective of managers in order to develop knowledge of factors influencing sustainability of this initiative.Methods: Eighteen managers were interviewed in connection with the introduction of peer support in sixteen mental health settings. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed utilizing inductive as well as deductive approaches where, in the latter, a theoretical framework was applied in order to identify critical implementation components at the levels of organization, team and continuous support. Results: The results suggested that managers were predominantly positive in their evaluation of peer support as a recovery-oriented and user-friendly addition to their services, but noted developmental issues regarding role, professional identity, supervision and financing in relation to other traditional personnel. Managers also reflected on the fact that broader commitment at higher levels of the organizational leadership was largely lacking in relation to implementing user involvement in the organization as a whole. The involvement of the user movement, especially with regard to training and supervision helped prepare staff and support peer workers, yet there was some apprehension attached to the critical scrutiny that this ‘outsider’ perspective might imply. Conclusions: The results confirm previously noted uncertainties regarding peer support as an integrated component of mental health systems. While offering clues as to the factors that would further define and integrate peer support, this study also highlights a number of challenges regarding role, identity and connection to the user movement, that need to be considered by managers before assuming that peer support should be implemented with the same approach as other interventions. The findings suggest that the implementation of peer support requires a comprehensive shift in perspectives, power dynamics and culture. Simultaneously, peer support is highlighted as a catalyst for progress towards increasingly recovery-oriented care-giving cultures.
The Climate Impact of High Seas Shipping
Authors: Wang Shouyang , Li Yuze , Jia Peng , Jiang Shangrong , Li Haijiang , Kuang Haibo , Hong Yongmiao , Zhao Xueting , Guan Dabo
Published: January 2022

Strict carbon emission regulations are set with respect to countries’ territorial seas or exclusive economic zone shipping activities to meet their climate change commitment under the Paris Agreement. However, no shipping carbon mitigation policies are proposed for the world high sea regions, which results in carbon intensive shipping activities on high seas. In this paper, we propose a Geographic-based Emission Estimation Model (GEEM) to estimate shipping GHG emission patterns on high sea regions. The results indicate that annual shipping CO2-e emissions on high seas reach 211.60 million metric tonnes in 2019, accounting for about one-third of all shipping emissions globally and exceeding annual GHG emissions of countries such as Spain. The average emission from shipping activities on high seas is growing at approximately 7.26% per year, which far surpasses the global shipping emission growth rate of 2.23%. We propose the implementation policies on each high seas region with respect to the main emission driver of each high seas identified from our results. Our policy evaluation results show that carbon mitigation policies could reduce 25.46 and 54.36 million tonnes CO2-e in the primary intervention stage and overall intervention stage respectively, with 12.09% and 25.81% reduction rates in comparison to the 2019 annual high seas shipping GHG emission.
Omicron: a chimera of two early SARS-CoV-2 lineages
Authors: Xiong Chenglong , Liu Xiuliang , Xiong Jiasheng , Sun Zhong , Hu Wei , Hu Jingjing , Wang Yuqian , Li Kunyu , Thilakavathy Karuppiah , Chen Mingquan , Zhao Qi , Feng Yi , Jiang Qingwu
Published: January 2022

The current global epidemiology of COVID-19 is now characterized by the emergence and rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant on a global scale1,2. Despite the variant’s prompt predominance, there remain knowledge gaps in its origin and evolution history3–6. Here, we show that Omicron lineage SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by the feature of chimera. It was generated by genomic recombination of two early PANGO lineages of SARS-CoV-2. In the recombination event, strains with medium or high circulating intensity like SARS-CoV-2/human/USA/COR-21-434196/2021 belonging to PANGO lineage BA.1 provided the fundamental genome and served as the major parents, while the rare lineage strains like SARS-CoV-2/human/IRN/Ir-3/2019 belonging to B.35, as the minor parents, hybridized their genomic fractions into the major genomes at position 21593-23118nt. This recombination event results in 22 amino acid residue substitutions for the variant of Omicron, including 16 in the pivotal RBD of the spike protein. These substitutions have led to some subtle variations in the spatial structure and the affinity to hACE2 receptor of the spike protein7,8, thereby raising concerns about the effectiveness of available vaccines and antibody therapeutics9–12. The global spread and explosive growth of the SARS-CoV-2 in human population increase opportunities for future recombination13–15.
Gaseous Plasma's Time-behavior on a Plate Motion Damping with Time Influenced by a Non-Uniform Non-Stationary Electric Field.
Authors: Wahid Taha Zakaraia Abdel , Hadouda M. K.
Published: January 2022

The research subject is the kinetic and irreversible thermodynamic behavior of gaseous plasma (GP) flow limited by a moving rigid flat plate (RFP). The effects of an unsteady nonlinear applied electric field (NLAEF) were examined on the GP. To explore gas dynamics with the electron velocity distribution function (EVDF), researchers have concentrated on the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK)–model of the kinetic Boltzmann equation (BE). An analytical solution was found using the moment method (MM), traveling wave, and shooting method. As illustrated, mean velocity, shear stress, and electromagnetic fields all founded play essential roles. An interesting comparison between the non-equilibrium EVDF and the equilibrium EVDF is made carefully with 3-Dimensional graphics in various time values. We found that the system goes to an equilibrium state (ES) with time compatible with Le Chatelier's principles. The relations between the various macroscopic variables of the GP are studied. The irreversible non-equilibrium thermodynamics (NT) properties of the system are presented. Entropy and entropy generation are derived, and their behavior is investigated. The essence of entropy, the degree of internal chaos of a system, is gradually described with the advent of statistical physics and information theory. Cybernetics, probability theory, life science, and astrophysics are just a few of the domains where it is functional. According to our findings, NLAEF has a strong effect on GP. Compared to the effect of the nonlinear applied magnetic field (NLAMF), it causes it to vary and disturb substantially. To save the ES for a GP, we should employ NLAMF rather than NLAEF in the GP management procedure. The importance of this research stems from its wide applications in domains such as physics, electrical engineering, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), and nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) technologies as industrial and commercial sectors.
Practice and associated factors of traditional uvulectomy among caregivers having children less than 5 years old in South Gondar Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2020; a triangulated cross-sectional study.
Authors: Yirdaw Berhanu Wale , Gobeza Mengistu Berhanu , Tsegay Netsanet
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Traditional uvulectomy is widely practiced in Africa especially in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. Studies conducted in different times and areas of the world have shown that the level of practice of uvulectomy and its associated factors were varied from country to country. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the practice and associated factors of traditional uvulectomy among caregivers having children less than 5 years old in the South Gondar Zone.Objective: this study aimed to assess practice and associated factors of traditional uvulectomy among caregivers having children less than 5 years old in South Gondar Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2020.Method: a community – based triangulated cross-sectional study was conducted on 644 participants. Quantitative data were collected from 634 participants using a structured interviewer-administered Amharic version questionnaire; it was entered into Epi Data and analyzed using SPSS. Qualitative data were collected from 10 participants via an in-depth interview and analyzed by OpenCode. Descriptive statistics were calculated and logistic regressions were fitted to declare statistical significance at p-value < 0.05 and 95% CI.Result: the prevalence of traditional uvulectomy in this study was 52.5% (95% CI, 48.6 – 56.3%). Moreover, lack of information [AOR = 2.975 (1.677 - 5.277)], perceived as uvula causes illness [AOR = 4.888 (2.954 - 8.086)], future intention or will perform [AOR = 4.188 (2.584 - 6.788)], perceived as traditional uvulectomy should not be eradicated [AOR = 1.893 (1.172 - 3.057)]), saw the previous good result [AOR = 9.396 (5.512 - 16.016)], health personnel hospitality problem [AOR = 5.922 (2.392 – 14.664)] and did not get cured by pharmacologic treatment [AOR = 3.918 (2.073, 7.405)] were significantly associated with traditional uvulectomy.Conclusion and recommendation: the prevalence of traditional uvulectomy was high. Lack of information, perceived as uvula causes illness, future intention to uvulectomy, perceived as traditional uvulectomy should not be eradicated, saw the previous good result, health personnel hospitality problem and did not get cured by pharmacologic treatment were the factors significantly associated with traditional uvula cutting. Therefore, special attention will be given to creating further awareness to the community at large and setting controlling mechanisms for the health care delivery system.
Determinants of neonatal near miss among neonates delivered in public hospitals in Shashemane city administration, Ethiopia, 2021 Facility based unmatched case control study
Authors: Guda Henok Girma
Published: January 2022

Background: Neonatal near miss is an event that nearly died between 0-28 days but survived by chance or good quality of care. The number of neonates who survived morbidities were approximately 5 times greater than those died. However, there is limited evidence that state the determinants of neonatal near miss in Ethiopia and particularly in Shashemane. So, this study attempted to identify determinants of Neonatal near miss among neonate delivered in public Hospitals in Shashemene, Oromia, Ethiopia.Methods: Facility based unmatched case-control study conducted from March, 22, 2021 to May 22, 2021. Structured and pretested questionnaires used for data collection. 104 cases were selected consecutively and 208 controls were selected by systematic random sampling by 2nd k during study period. For each near-miss case, two controls were selected. After data collection, data were checked for consistency, coded and entered by using EPI INFO 7 and exported to statistical package for social science for analysis by using binary logistic regression on the basis Odds ratio, 95% CI and p-value of less than 0.05. Variables with p < 0.25 in Bivariable analysis entered into a multivariable logistic regression model using the backward variable selection method.Result: The result show that mother age group between 20-34 had 0.12 less odds to experience neonatal near miss than age group below 20 years old. [AOR=0.12, 95%(CI=0.02-0.76)]. Neonates who were delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery had 0.38 less odds of experiencing neonatal near miss than neonates delivered by instrumental assisted delivery and Cesarean section [AOR 0.38, 95% (CI= 0.22-0.68)]. Delivery followed by partograph had 0.25 less odds likely to develop neonatal near miss than those not followed by partograph [AOR=0.25 95% (CI,0.11-0.54)].Conclusion: Age of mother, gestational age, delivery mode and delivery followed by partograph were determinants of the neonatal near miss. So, women conceive at below 20 years of old, mother that will not give birth by spontaneous vaginal delivery should be advised of the greater risk of neonatal near miss. Health worker in delivery ward should use partograph for every delivery in both hospitals.
Research progress on meibomian gland dysfunction from 2011 to 2020: a bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Liu Qian
Published: January 2022

Background
To explore the research areas, hotspots, and progress of meibomian gland dysfunction through bibliometrics.
Methods
Related publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection from 2011 to 2020. VOSviewer1.6.16, Citespace.5.7.R2, and GraphPad Prism 8 were used to visualize the distribution of countries, research institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and annual publication numbers in this field.
Results
A total number of 716 relevant publications were retrieved. The United States and Keio University ranked the first among the countries and organizations with the most publications. Cornea, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, and Ocular Surface were the top three journals with the highest publication counts and citations. The authors who contributed to this topic mainly formed three clusters which manifested the research areas, and the extracted keywords mainly formed four clusters which manifested the hotspots were explored.
Conclusions
The research areas and hotspots of meibomian gland dysfunction were as follow: (1) Pathogenesis or potential etiology of meibomian gland dysfunction; (2) Diagnosis of meibomian gland dysfunction; (3) Therapy of meibomian gland dysfunction and the International Workshop`s dedication to it; (4) Epidemiology of meibomian gland dysfunction.
Treatment of calcified lumbar disc herniation by intervertebral foramen remolding a retrospective study
Authors: Chen bin , yuan ao lin , shen xin
Published: January 2022

Background： Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy is a new treatment method for lumbar disorders but remains controversial, similar to other minimally-invasive treatments for calcified lumbar discs. This study aimed to investigate the use of the percutaneous intervertebral foramen lens technology for secondary molding of the intervertebral foramen in the treatment of calcified lumbar discs.Methods： The study included 104 patients who were divided into two groups. Group A comprised 50 patients (age: 49.9±14.5 years, 30 [60%] females) with calcified lumbar disc herniation and group B comprised 54 patients (age: 53.2±15.3 years, 32 (59%) females) with non-calcified lumbar disc herniation diagnosed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Patients underwent a percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy at our hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Demographic characteristics before the surgery and perioperative outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. The treatment outcome was analyzed using the numerical rating scale (NRS) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and modified Macnab criteria. Results： Patients in groups A and B showed significant improvement in both the NRS and ODI scores after the surgery and maintained relatively low ODI and NRS scores during subsequent follow-ups. In group A, 94% of patients rated the results as “excellent” or “good” according to the modified Macnab criteria at the 3-month follow-up. One patient developed neck pain during the surgery, which was diagnosed as spinal hypertension syndrome, and the surgery was suspended until the patient’s condition improved. In group B, 92.6% of patients rated the results as “excellent” or “good” according to the modified Macnab criteria at the 3-month follow-up. In both the groups, no patient reported any dural leak, infection, or other related complications.Conclusions: Our results indicate that transforaminal remolding is effective in the treatment of non-calcified lumbar disc herniations, with few intraoperative and postoperative complications and that secondary reconstruction of the intervertebral foramen under visual conditions using microscopic knife is an effective method for treating calcified lumbar disc herniation, with few intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Development of the T-ALLiPSC-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines for T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Liu Tao , Li Zhu , Chen Xuemei , Liu Luning , Zhou Meiling , Zhou Guangqian
Published: January 2022

The T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a kind of hematological malignancy in children. Despite the significant improvement in the cure rate of T-ALL upon treatment with chemotherapy regimens, steroids, and allotransplantation there are relapses. This study focuses on the tumor-specific therapeutic vaccines derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to address the issue of T-ALL recurrence. Patient-derived tumor cells and healthy donor cells were reprogrammed into the iPSCs and the RNA-seq data of the T-ALL-iPSCs and H-iPSCs were analyzed. In vitro, the whole cell lysate antigens of iPSCs were prepared to induce the dendritic cells (DC) maturation, which in turn stimulated the tumor-specific T cells to kill the T-ALL tumor cells (Jurkat, CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4). The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) stimulated by the DC-loaded T-ALL-iPSC-derived antigens showed specific cytotoxicity against the T-ALL cells in vitro. In conclusion, the T-ALL-iPSC-based therapeutic cancer vaccine can elicit a specific anti-tumor effect on T-ALL.
How Queen Mother Moore constructed black communities and identity
Authors: Jacob Henry
Published: January 2022

This essay contends that Audley Moore (commonly known as Queen Mother Moore), an understudied civil rights activist, built both ideological and physical spaces of Black empowerment in response to the racism she encountered in the places she visited. After a brief literature review, this essay turns to the author’s research on a 1978 oral history interview with Moore. Using this archive as a foundation, this essay follows Moore to three locations in the U.S.: Louisiana, Harlem, and the Catskills. This article starts with Moore’s home state to elucidate how seeing Marcus Garvey speak in 1919 equipped her with the necessary tools to confront inequality. Next, it examines how Moore constructed a soup kitchen for African American students in Harlem. This haven served as a precursor to her later founding of the Eloise Moore College for African Studies in Catskills: an institution for higher learning, mutual aid, and above all the decolonization of the mind. By placing these case studies into a single narrative for the first time, this essay evinces how Moore developed her plan for autonomous, African spaces within America. Above all, this college marked the culmination of Moore’s goal to bring freedom to Black youth by feeding their bodies and minds. Fueled with a vision for a potential utopia, Moore created literal and metaphorical communities outside American political and social norms.
FAKTOR PENYEBAB PENURUNAN KINERJA KARYAWAN OUTSOURCING SUBBAGIAN PENGELOLAAN PIUTANG: STUDI PADA PT. PLN UP3 TELUK NAGA TANGERANG
Authors: Pandera Yandri Daya , Ali Syarif , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penyebab penurunan kinerja karyawan outsourcing subbagian pengelolaan piutang PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Teluk Naga Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan secara semi terstruktur dengan partisipan yang diantaranya adalah supervisor subbagian pengelolaan piutang, koordinator karyawan subbagian pengelolaan piutang, dan perwakilan karyawan outsourcing subbagian pengelolaan piutang. Untuk membuktikan keabsahan data dalam penelitian, peneliti menggunakan metode triangulasi data, dan selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan melakukan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menemukan tiga faktor utama yaitu, keterampilan & keahlian, kepemimpinan, serta beban kerja yang saling memiliki keterikatan terhadap faktor lainnya sikap kerja, motivasi, kepuasan kerja, loyalitas, dengan perannya masing-masing sebagai penyebab dari penurunan kuantitas kinerja karyawan outsourcing subbagian pengelolaan piutang PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Teluk Naga Tangerang yang disebabkan adanya kondisi pandemi Covid-19. Kata Kunci: kinerja karyawan, karyawan outsourcing, PT.PLN, pandemi covid-19 ABSTRACT This study aims to determine and analyze the cause of the decline in the performance of outsourcing employees in the recieveable management sub-section of PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Teluk Naga. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, data collection techniques in this study were conducted by interview, observation, and documentation methods. Interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner with five participants, including supervisor of the accounts receivable management sub-section, coordinators of the accounts receivable management sub-section, and representatives of outsourced employees of the accounts receivable management sub-section. To prove the validity of the data in the study, the researcher used the data triangulation method, and then the data was analyzed by performing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the study found three factors, namely skills & expertise, leadership, and workload which have a mutual attachment to other factors, namely work attitude, motivation, job statisfaction, employee loyalty, with their respective roles as the cause of the decrease in the quantity of the employee performance outsourcing sub-section management of accounts receivable PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Teluk Naga Tangerang, which was triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic condition. Keywords: employee performance, outsourcing employee, PT PLN, Covid-19 pandemic
Razvoj i uloga školskog kurikuluma u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Koludrović Morana , Rajić Višnja
Published: January 2022

Glavni cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je povijesno-komparativnom analizom nastavnih planova i programa, odnosno kurikuluma za osnovnu školu istražiti i analizirati ulogu, zastupljenost i načine realizacije školskih kurikuluma u razdoblju od 1951. do 2019. godine. Prema dobivenim rezultatima uočljivo je da se značaj, uloga i aktivnosti školskog kurikuluma razlikuju u različitim reformama, a analizom kurikulumskih dokumenata (izuzev onog iz 1951.) utvrđeno je da se aktivnostima i sadržajima iz područja školskog kurikuluma želi pridonijeti individualizaciji i fleksibilnosti nastavnog procesa, zadovoljavanju specifičnih mogućnosti, potreba i interesa učenika,povezivanju obiteljskog doma te lokalne i šire zajednice sa školskim okruženjem, poticanju stvaralaštva, interdisciplinarnosti, zajedništva, stjecanju generičkih kompetencija i usavršavanju opće-obrazovnih kompetencija. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata i suvremenih odgojnoobrazovnih polazišta, autorice su predložile smjernice za suvremene školske kurikulume.
Ritamske aktivnosti
Authors: Nikolić Lidija
Published: January 2022

Brojna su istraživanja potvrdila vezu između glazbenog obrazovanja i dobrobiti za opći razvoj djeteta. Glazbene aktivnosti koje stavljaju težište na ritam u nekim su se istraživanjima istakle kao sredstvo poticaja djetetovog razvoja u ne-glazbenim domenama. Rad se bavi ulogom temporalne dimenzije glazbe u glazbenom i općem razvoju djeteta. Iznose se dosadašnje spoznaje o percepciji, obradi i izvođenju glazbenog ritma,
pulsa i metra te tijeku ritamskog razvoja djeteta. Daje se pregled istraživanja utjecaja glazbenih aktivnosti koje se temelje na ritmu na ne-glazbene domene razvoja te se preporuča rani rad na ritmu. Ističe se potreba provođenja eksperimentalnih istraživanja koja bi rasvijetlila ulogu ritma u razvoju djeteta i modeli rada na ritmu primjenjivi u institucijama koje se bave djecom, uključujući i terapijske te rehabilitacijske ustanove.