bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of some Nigerian traditional alcoholic beverages on the estrous cycle and histological assessment of the ovaries and uterus of albino rats
Authors: Olusayo Moritiwon  , Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko  , James Bitrus  , David Oyebode  , Olufunmilayo Ibiyemi Abobarin
Published: January 2021

Alcohol related health challenges have lingered over the years. Such associated with locally brewed alcoholic beverages have received little attention. The urgency to explore this becomes imperative. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of regular consumption of local alcoholic beverages on the estrous cycle and histological image of the ovaries and uterus thus fertility of female albino rats. Thirty screened female albino rats weighing 180-220g were divided into five groups and daily administered each with 10ml/kg of pito, burukutu, ogogoro, goskolo and 0.5ml/kg normal saline respectively for 21 days. Effect of the beverages on the estrous cycle as well as histopathological evaluation was carried out on the isolated ovaries and uterus. Results showed significant increase proestrous phase of the estrous cycle with ingestion of pito, burukutu, ogogorogo and goskolo. Also the histology of the ovary was basically without obvious pathological changes with pito, while there was alteration of histological parameters by burukutu, marked with formation of fibrosis, corpus luteum cyst resulting immature ovarian follicle, ogogoro marked with formation of fibrosis, corpus luteum cyst resulting immature ovarian follicle and goskolo marked with formation of multiple follicular cyst resulting in complete collapse of the ovarian section. The effect of traditional alcoholic beverages revealed the classical effects of alcoholic drinks by way of significant alteration in the estrous cycle of albino rats with marked alteration of the histological architecture of ovarian tissues. Pito, burukutu, ogogoro, and goskolo have a reprotoxic effect on the ovaries and uterus thus a deleterious effect on fertility of female albino rats.
Comparative study of catechin levels from green tea, oolong tea and black tea product with various treatments
Authors: Syamsu Nur  , Andi Nur Aisyah  , Alfat Fadri  , Sharfianty  , Amriani Sapra  , Fitriyanti Jumaetri Sami
Published: January 2021

Background: Tea is a refreshing drink that contains polyphenol compounds, namely catechins that are used for medicine and cosmetics. This study was to assess the content of catechin compounds in green tea, oolong and black tea products from Indonesia, China and Taiwan. Methods: Some tea products are brewed at varying temperatures (75±2; 85±2 and 95±20 C) and times (5; 10 and 15 minutes). Identification of catechin compounds was carried out using chemical reagents and UV spectrophotometry. The level of cathecin in tea products were analyzed by spectrophotometer at 280 nm wavelength. Results: The results obtained indicate that green tea, oolong tea and black tea contain epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) compounds according to the color change based on chemical reagents and for UV spectrum analysis which has λmax in the range 268-274 nm. The results of quantitative tests using UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed that the green tea samples gave the highest levels of catechins followed by oolong tea and black tea with brewing temperature at 95±20 °C. Conclusion: The catechin content of tea obtained from various products varies according to the type of processing method and the brewing temperature. Therefore, this study is expected to provide information related to catechin content to the public and researchers.
Focus on the totally laparoscopic feeding gastrostomy tube placement operative technique
Authors: Sorin Cimpean  , Alexandre Grapotte  , Nicolas Boyer  , Mathilde Poras  , Dario Raglione  , Gloire à Dieu Byabene
Published: January 2021

Laparoscopic feeding gastrostomy placement is a surgical operation that allows the feeding of malnourished patients through a tube that is placed in the gastric lumen. The benefits of an improved nutritional status in terms of improving clinical outcomes are well documented in the literature and consist in a reduction of the complication rates of the surgical patients, the length of hospital stay, the readmission rates, and a reduction of the cost of health services by reducing the morbidity or mortality. We present a totally laparoscopic technique of feeding tube placement.
A review on microwave assisted synthesis, mechanism of action and structure activity relationship of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoleA review on microwave assisted synthesis, mechanism of action and structure activity relationship of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives as anticancer agent derivatives as anticancer agent
Authors: Deeksha Tiwari  , Rakesh Narang  , Sukhbir Lal khokra
Published: January 2021

1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives received considerable attention of different research groups, as they have wide variety of biological activities. 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives exhibited noteworthy anticancer activities. In recent years, microwave-induced organic reactions attained significant attention due to several benefits, such as short reaction time, cost-effectiveness, excellent yield, and ease of work. In view of above in present work, SAR and mechanism of action of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives as anticancer agents, reported by different research groups in recent years are summarized. Present review also highlighted the various synthetic approaches for efficient microwave-assisted green synthesis of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives.
Variability analysis of some genotypes in Nigeria tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasm
Authors: Olayinka Olufemi Olaniyi  , Olusola Babatunde Kehinde  , Amos Adegbola Oloyede  , Omotayo Olalekan Adenuga  , Kayode Olufemi Ayegboyin  , Elizabeth Folasade Mapayi  , Mohammed Baba Nitsa  , Feyisetan Omolola Sulaimon  , Tope Emmanuel Ebunola
Published: January 2021

Thirty four tea clones were sourced from Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria tea germplasm and raised through stem cuttings for 10 months in the nursery. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications in 2016. Agronomic and yield data were collected and subjected to analysis of variance. Single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and FATCLUS analysis were employed to analyse the data. ANOVA showed considerable significant variation p<0.05 among the 34 tea genotypes. The PCA showed that Plant Height (PH) 0.39, Number of Leaves (NL) 0.38, Number of Branches (NB) 0.37, Harvestable Points (HP) 0.31, Stem Diameter 0.39 and Leaf Breadth 0.30 accounted for most of the variations observed. Axes 1, 2 and 3 of the PCA accounted for 37.23%, 15.48% and 10.75% variability respectively with cumulative value of 63.47%. The genotypes were clustered into 7 groups by FASTCLUS Analysis. The dendrogram showed that the first cluster was observed between NGC29 and NGC 47 at 0.08 level of similarity. At 0.50 level of similarity the dendrogram revealed 5 distinct groups. Therefore, variation exists among the tea germplasm in Nigeria thereby suggests further presenting opportunities for further varietal development.
Peripheral blood abnormalities in patients with Covid 19 hospitalized in the pneumology department of Marrakesh University Hospital
Authors: Selma Abdala  , Salma Aitbatahar  , Lamyae Amro
Published: January 2021

In December 2019, Coronavirus 2019 due to SARS CoV 2 was first discovered in Wuhan, China and then rapidly spread to more than 200 countries. Until now, there is no specific vaccine and no effective treatment, so it is very important from a clinical point of view to predict the evolution of the disease. Thus, in order to further analyze the value of the clinical application of blood count parameters in the diagnosis or management of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) patients. Peripheral blood abnormalities of 102 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the pneumology department of CHU Mohamed VI in Marrakesh were analyzed retrospectively and compared to SARS CoV 2 negative patients. Results: WBCs in the patient group were 8.32 ×109/L vs 5.85 ×109/L, p<0.001, an elevated neutrophil count (5.33 ×109/L vs 3.27 ×109/L, p<0. 001), a lower hemoglobin concentration (13.5 [10.6-16.37] g/dl vs 14.8 [13.5-15.6] g/dl, p<0.001), and a higher Neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (2.63 vs 1.52, p<0.001). The severe cases had a higher white blood cell count (14,279 (±6,564) vs. 7,471 (±2,609) ×109/L, p<0.001), a much higher neutrophil count (12,547 (±6,698) vs. 4,468 (±1,882) ×109/L, p<0.001). Lymphopenia (0.851 (±0.406) vs. 2.138 (±1.103) ×109/L, p<0.001), NLR (14.74 vs. 2.08) and Platelets-to-lymphocytes ratio (145 vs. 117) were higher than the non-severe COVID-19 cases. Conclusion: In light of these data, we deduce that regular monitoring of blood counts should be involved to judge the progression and prognosis of COVID-19.
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and inflammatory cytokines: A potential link between chronic periodontitis and COVID-19
Authors: Vikas Deo  , Dinesh Pilania  , Pradeep Kumar  , Rajendra Yadav
Published: January 2021

The global COVID-19 outbreak has caused a public health emergency crisis, as declared by the World Health Organization in January 2020. Periodontitis is associated with increased risk for respiratory condition; hence there is biological plausibility for a link between periodontitis, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and COVID-19-related pulmonary problems. The mechanism could be similar to what has been proposed and established for the progression of COPD in Periodontitis patients. Periodontal pockets have also been found to harbour viral species. The periodontal pockets could provide a favourable environment for SARS–CoV-2 virus replication and survival. ACE2 is a primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infections. The oral cavity and lungs are primary targets for SARS-CoV-2 virus. The evidences suggest that the regulation of the inflammatory pattern by ACE2 might also be connected to the response in periodontal disease. ACE2 can regulate the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes, balancing cytokine expression. Cytokine storm has been found to be a key feature of COVID-19, where the cytokine levels are very high, inducing an exaggerated general inflammation. The same cytokines are involved in periodontal disease, but they have a different initiation path related to biofilm and bacteria. During a SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, the periodontal disease might be exacerbated due to the down-regulation of ACE2 and an increase in ACE and Ang II, with the consequent involvement of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Treating any existing periodontal disease and maintaining good periodontal health could prove vital in clinical management of COVID-positive patients.
Review on coffee research and production in Nigeria in the last one decade (2009-2018)
Authors: Modinat Adewunmi Alli  , Kehinde Ademola Adesanya  , Mutiat Oluwaseyi Agboola-Adedoja  , Adejoke Adebusola Adelusi  , Qudus Adebayo Ogunwolu  , Chinweike Abednego Ugwu  , Ayodele Oladipo Akinpelu
Published: January 2021

The study was carried out to review coffee research and production in Nigeria in the last one decade (2009-2018). The research was done through the use of some past and published works on coffee. The two economical type of coffee in Nigeria are C. arabica and C. robusta. It was discovered that the coffee producers are abandoning their coffee farms for other agricultural crops due to less production quality and international price. The study revealed a downward trend in coffee production in the last one decade. Challenges facing coffee production in Nigeria were low prices and poor farm management. Therefore, there should be more research on addressing these challenges while farmers and others stakeholders in coffee production should be motivated to establish new coffee farms.
Assessment of intraoperative temperature management at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali: A quality improvement project
Authors: Kaitlin M. Flannery  , Jean C. Uwimana  , Cesarie Nikuze  , Jean B. Uwineza  , Ana M. Crawford
Published: January 2021

Background: Due to the inhibition of thermoregulation by anesthetics, hypothermia occurs in 50% of patients undergoing general and neuraxial anesthesia without active warming. High-quality research has shown the negative effects of intraoperative hypothermia including increased rates of surgical site infections, increased hospital length of stay, increased cardiac morbidity and increased rate of transfusion. The University Teaching Hospital of Kigali commonly known as CHUK is the largest public referral hospital in Rwanda. The International Standards for Safe Anesthesia were not being met regarding intraoperative temperature management at CHUK. However, due to high ambient temperature in the operating room, it was unknown if this was a significant problem and worth investment, in a health system, with limited resources. Methods: After institutional review board approval, a two-stage descriptive cross-sectional quality improvement project was performed. The first stage was to assess current management of intra-operative temperature, determine if there was a significant rate of hypothermia and establish risk factors for developing intra-operative hypothermia in this clinical setting. The second stage was to determine if locally available warming techniques, an underbody warming blanket, significantly reduced the incidence of intra-operative hypothermia. Results: The primary result of the study was a 58% incidence of hypothermia with current standard practice. This was reduced to 6% with the use of an underbody water blanket. Temperature was measure intraoperatively in only 6% of cases and never documented. Adult patients and patients undergoing neuraxial anesthesia were more likely to experience hypothermia. Conclusions: Intraoperative hypothermia is common at CHUK despite high ambient operating room temperature. Monitoring and documentation of temperature is not occurring on a regular basis. The use of underbody water body, though not the gold standard for intraoperative warming, was effective in this study and a realistic solution in an environment with limited resources.
Microbial agglutination and lymphocyte blastogenesis potentials of isolated Achatina achatina snail lectin
Authors: Odiegwu C.N.C  , Emenuga V. N.  , Ogamba S. E.  , Obi C. M.  , Ejike C. E.
Published: January 2021

Lectins are involved in recognition phenomena and their ability to bind particular Carbohydrate structures are the key to their biological functions. Bacteria typically attaches to prospective host cell membranes in receptors with lectin like sugar specificity. This is of great importance as the adherence of bacteria to host tissue surfaces is the initial event in bacterial infection. Lectins are also known to play important roles in immune system by recognizing carbohydrates that are found exclusively on pathogens, or that are inaccessible on host cells. This ability of lectins to selectively bind or agglutinate specific sugars have made them useful tools for the characterization of certain cell types or fragments, to detect cells in different states of development, to distinguish normal from tumour cells and to separate different cell types by affinity chromatography. A total of 120 samples of local Achatina achatina snail specie were collected, authenticated at the Zoology Department of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka and 80mls of pooled crude Lectin extract was obtained. Purifications were performed on 20mls of the crude extract in three steps viz, Ammonium sulphate precipitation and Dialysis (Partial purifications), Con A Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography column (Complete purification). The affinity purified lectin was used in all the tests conducted in this research. The crude, partially and complete/affinity purified lectin extracts were subjected to Haemagglutination and Protein Assay tests. The Molecular weight was deduced by Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. The microbial agglutination potentials of the lectin was assessed by testing typed bacterial organisms viz, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Lactobacilli acidophilus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aeruginosa and four typed fungal organisms: Aspergillus niger, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Candida albicans and A. flavus. The lectin’s Lymphocyte blastogenesis activities was determined by its incubation with human lymphocytes for mitogenic stimulation assay. The results of the research showed as follows: On complete/affinity purification, 15mls of pure sample containing only the high molecular weight lectin was obtained. On standardization, the respective haemagglutination tests on the crude, partially and affinity purified lectin showed preferential agglutinations with Blood group A type. Only S. typhimurium (+++), E. coli (+) and L. acidophilus (+) reacted with the lectin but in different strengths. Incubation of the lectin with lymphocytes from human serum showed that it has the ability to stimulate lymphocytes to undergo mitosis. This research has therefore succeeded in assessing the Microbial agglutination and Lymphocyte blastogenesis potentials of the isolated and characterised A. achatina snail lectin.
PEMBENTUKAN KOKRISTAL KETOKONAZOL-ASAM SUKSINAT YANG DIBUAT DENGAN METODE PENGGILINGAN (GRINDING)
Authors: Najih Yuli Ainun , Setyawan Dwi , Radjaram Achmad
Published: January 2021

Telah dilakukan pembentukan kokristal ketokonazol (KTZ) – asam suksinat (AS) dengan perbandingan molar (1:1) menggunakan metode penggilingan (grinding). Penggilingan dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat Planetary Ball mill PM 200 MA-type, Retsch dengan kecepatan penggilingan 75 rpm. Campuran fisik KTZ dan AS perbandingan molar (1:1) dibuat tanpa adanya tambahan pelarut (dry grinding) dengan waktu penggilingan selama 5, 15, 30, 45 dan 60 menit pada kecepatan konstan. Hasil penggilingan dilihat dengan menggunakan difraksi sinar-X serbuk pada sudut (2θ=7,8o). Dari data hasil difraksi sinar-X serbuk terjadi peningkatan jumlah persentase kokristal (%b/b). Hasil kurva waktu penggilingan dengan jumlah persentase kokristal (%b/b), didapatkan hasil bahwa persentase kokristal (%b/b) meningkat secara linier dengan meningkatnya waktu penggilingan (menit) berdasarkan data intensitas maksimum dari masing-masing waktu penggilingan dengan persamaan garis (y =  0,690x + 51,09) dan koefisien korelasi r = 0,9905. Kesimpulannya ialah berdasarkan kinetika pembentukan kokristal dengan metode penggilingan yang didapatkan sebesar nilai slope = 0,690 % kokristal (%b/b)/menit.
EFFECT OF GLUTATHIONE ON MDA (MALONDYALDEHIDE) PLASMA AND SOD (SUPEROXYDE DYSMUTASE) ERYTHROCYTE ON WHITE RAT ( RATTUS NORVEGICUS ) INDUCED BY PARACETAMOL
Authors: Yusan Liza Yudistira , Budiman Karma , Effendi Choesnan
Published: January 2021

Glutation berperanan untuk menetralkan radikal bebas dan senyawa oksigen reaktif, serta mempertahankan antioksidan eksogen. Indikator yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan efek samping parasetamol antara lain enzim transaminase yang meningkat di plasma darah, peningkatan radikal bebas yang ditunjukkan dengan kenaikan kadar MDA (Malondyaldehide) dan penurunan SOD (Superoxyde Dysmutase). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian glutation eksternal terhadap kadar MDA dan SOD pada tikus yang diinduksi dengan Parasetamol (PCT). Tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: kelompok pertama (hanya diberi makanan standart); Kelompok kedua (diberi makanan standart ditambah PCT); kelompok ketiga (diberi makanan standart ditambah PCT dan GSH dosis 600 mg/kg BB); Kelompok keempat (diberi makanan standart ditambah PCT dan GSH dosis 1200 mg/kgBB). Pemberian GSH menurunkan MDA plasma secara bermakna (p=0,004), sedangkan pada pengukuran SOD plasma tidak ada perubahan. Sebagai kesimpulan, pemberian GSH dapat meminimalkan efek toksik dari pemberian Parasetamol
EFEKTIFITAS NEPHROPROTEKTOR EKSTRAK RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Eucheuma cottonii) PADA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL
Authors: Sudjarwo Giftania Wardani , Farida Nuraini
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak rumput laut merah terhadap kadar SGOT dan SGPT serum tikus yang terpapar timbal per oral. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 50 tikus jantan yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok: kontrol negatif (tikus diberi CMC / karboksi metil selulosa 0,5%); kontrol positif (tikus diberi CMC 0,5% dan timbal asetat 20 mg / kg BB secara oral satu kali dalam sehari selama 10 hari); dan kelompok perlakuan (tikus diberi ekstrak rumput laut merah 200 mg; 400 mg; 800 mg / kg BB secara oral satu kali sehari selama 28 hari dan timbal asetat 20 mg / kg BB pada hari ke 7, satu jam setelah pemberian  ekstrak rumput laut merah selama 21 hari. Pada hari ke 14 diukur kadar MDA, SGOT dan SGPT. Seluruh data dianalisis dengan ANOVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian timbal asetat 20 mg / kg BB per oral selama 21 hari meningkatkan kadar SGOT, SGPT dan MDA secara signifikan. Pemberian ekstrak rumput laut merah dengan dosis 800 mg / kg BB secara signifikan (P <0,05) menurunkan kadar SGPT, SGOT dan MDA dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak rumput laut merah memiliki aktivitas nephrotoprotektif  terhadap timbal asetat yang menginduksi hepatotoksisitas pada tikus.
EVALUASI WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN RESEP PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT ANWAR MEDIKA
Authors: Sari Erviani Dinda Mahmudah , Wahyuni Khurin In , Anindita Puspita Raras
Published: January 2021

Waktu tunggu pelayanan obat jadi adalah tenggang waktu mulai pasien menyerahkan resep sampai dengan menerima obat jadi dengan standar minimal yang ditetapkan kementerian kesehatan adalah ≤ 30 menit, sedangkan waktu tunggu pelayanan obat racikan adalah tenggang waktu mulai pasien menyerahkan resep sampai dengan menerima obat racikan yaitu ≤ 60 menit.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep pasien rawat jalan di RS Anwar Medika.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif cross sectional. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan langsung dan pencatatan waktu tunggu pelayanan resep dalam formulir pencatatan waktu tunggu pada bulan Febuari 2020. Data yang diambil sebanyak 384 resep pasien rawat jalan yang terdiri dari 346 non racikan dan 38 resep racikan. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 384 resep yang menjadi sampel penelitian yang terdiri dari 346 resep non racikan dan sebanyak 38 resep racikan. Rata-rata waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan resep non racikan adalah 18,7 menit dan waktu dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan resep racikan adalah 30,9 menit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapat bahwa rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika telah memenuhi persyaratan sesuai standar pelayanan minimal di rumah sakit.
PENGARUH PELAYANAN KEFARMASIAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PASIEN HIPERTENSI RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT ANWAR MEDIKA
Authors: Andriani Rosi Maya , Wahyuni Khurin In , Anindita Puspita Raras
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepuasan pasien hipertensi rawat jalan dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelayanan kefarmasian terhadap kepuasan pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika. Metode penelitian ini ialah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian deskripstif menggunakan analisis kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan survei dimana proses pengambilan data menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara kepada responden. Untuk kemudahan pengolahan data digunakan bantuan program SPSS version 20. Hasil penelitian didapat 200 responden. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa responden menyatakan sangat tidak puas 1,2%, responden menyatakan tidak puas 4,8%, responden menyatakan puas 27,9%, responden menyatakan sangat puas 66,2%. Pengaruh tingkat pelayanan kefarmasian terhadap kepuasan pasien hipertensi yaitu benilai y = 35,869+0,460x.
Mindsponge Mechanism
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

The "Mindsponge mechanism" provides a way to explain how and why an individual observes and ejects cultural values conditional on the external setting. Thanks to the complexity and well-structuring, the mechanism has been used to develop various concepts in multiple disciplines. One such concept is "cultural additivity" (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-018-0189-2).
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES IN BASIC SCHOOL LEARNING
Authors: Octaberlina Like Raskova , Asrifan Andi
Published: January 2021

Intelligence is an individual's ability to solve problems, with knowledge, skills and experience. Basically, every person has several intelligences including linguistic, logical, math, visually, kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, musical, and naturalistic intelligence. Yet each individual's combination and portion of intelligence is not the same depending on how the current intelligences are produced. By recognizing that every person has different types of intelligence, educators hope that they not only assume that students who are intelligent or successful are only intelligent students. University. University. Because besides students' skill in the academic field alone there are various other great potentials. The eight intelligences will act independently of each other in accompaniment. Based on various theories of intelligence, an instructor is able to indirectly master different methods of learning. To allow students to achieve optimum performance, the role of the teacher as an instructor, guide, trainer, consultant, reformer, creativity enhancer, generator and assessor.
Laporan Literatur Review Artikel “Historical Thinking Model in Achieving Cognitive Dimension of Indonesian History Learning”
Authors: NORMARIFAH
Published: January 2021

Artikel “Historical Thinking Model in Achieving Cognitive Dimension of Indonesian History Learning” yang akan dibahas ini ditujukan kepada mahasiswa tingkat perguruan tinggi agar mereka nantinya akan dapat mengembangkan model-model evaluasi untuk pemikiran sejarah, sehingga dapat disesuaikan dengan tujuan pembelajaran yang ingin dicapai.
Review Jurnal Komunikasi Lingkungan
Authors: Darmawan Chaerissa Azhari
Published: January 2021

catatan berisi tentang intisari dari jurnal yang telah ditentukan
FOXD2 is differentially expressed in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the forkhead box D2, encoded by FOXD2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). FOXD2 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). FOXD2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of FOXD2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of FOXD2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Review Evaluasi Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Ariyani Risma
Published: January 2021

Pentingnya berpikir historis dalam evaluasi pembelajaran sejarah untuk meningkatkan pengembangan pedagogis. Aspek penilaian dilihat dalam aspek kognitif, konseptual, prosedural dan metakognitif.
literatur review evaluasi pembelajaran sejarah Muhammad Arsyad 1810111210017
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini berjudul Historical Thinking Model In Achieving Cognitive Dimension Of Indonesian History Learning. Artikel ini di tulis oleh Mohamad Zaenal Arifin Anis, Herry Porda Nugroho Putro, Heri Susanto, Kurnia Puji Hastuti, dan Mutiani. Artikel ini membahas model berpikir historis dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan model evaluasi pemikiran sejarah pada mahasiswa tingkat perguruan tinggi dan dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi instrument evaluasi pemikiran sejarah yang di ujikan dan pemenuhan unsur pedagogis
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV): classification, configuration, and vehicle control
Authors: Lyati Muneer Mujahed
Published: January 2021

Public and private transport play a significant role in the economy, development and progress of a country. A well-functioning transportation system allows for expansion of markets and strengthening existing markets. It enables and promotes the strong economic growth that leads to global competitiveness. An inefficient system causes an increase in commute congestion, a decrease in productivity, and loss of social relations. The objective of this study is to present the classification such as Series HEV, Parallel HEV, combination HEV. This research also discusses the configuration, and vehicle control. To achieve the research objective we review the relevant literature on the Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV).
mengenal proses sistem operasi
Authors: Sabila Nikie Kinarya
Published: January 2021

Proses sistem operasi merupakan salah satu materi dari matakuliah teknologi informasi yang dijadikan sebagai terensi mahasiswa dalam mempelajari ilmu ilmu komputer
Literatur Review Karya ilmiah Historical Thinking Model in Achieving Cognitive Dimension of Indonesian History Learning.
Authors: Rafsanjani A.Irawan
Published: January 2021

Berdasarkan yang saya pahami dari isi artikel ini pokok bahasan utamanya yaitu membahas tentang instrumen dalam berpikir sejarah yang telah diterapkan secara fenomenal di sejumlah negara maju sehingga membuat para ahli sejarah khususnya yang di Indonesia tergerak untuk melakukan riset ataupun penelitian untuk melihat dan mengukur ketercapaian dalam tujuan pembelajaran dengan melakukan pendekatan instrumen berpikir sejarah yang valid dan reliabel. Namun menurut saya penelitian instrumen berpikir dalam sejarah ini sejarah tentunya banyak sekali rintangan dan tantangannya karena tidak mampu membuat peserta didik untuk bisa berpikir kritis sehingga menurut saya belum ada instrumen penilaian berpikir sejarah yang baku. Pada jurnal penelitian ini menurut saya memiliki tujuan untuk menghasilkan tolak ukur instrumen berpikir sejarah dengan menggunakan metode kriteria dimensi dalam ranah kognitif pada pembelajaran sejarah tanpa terkecuali di perguruan tinggi.
Clearly Defining Re-exposure Protection And Vaccine Efficacy Statistical Results
Authors: Epperly David E
Published: January 2021

Publications often discuss how vaccines / prior infections may result in future protection from a virus. For example, a recent publication stated "83% protection" after recovering from a primary viral infection. Is a "pragmatically useful" number higher or lower? And what does the number mean? This depends on what is meant by "protection" and the data used in determination of the number.It is well accepted that immune response (not necessarily viral damage) often causes headaches, myalgia, and fatigue, (even chills/fever). Recently approved mRNA vaccines (which involve only Spike protein and no infectious viral aspect) stimulate immune response and may present these symptoms. How are "symptomatic" cases defined? Are they symptoms unique to viral damage like sore throat, congestion, cough? Or should brief symptoms solely related to immune response be included in the definition?Are asymptomatic infections [properly] categorized as a protective result?What PCR Ct defines "infection"? How should high Ct count / borderline positive / essentially non-shedding tests be categorized?It is proposed that Ct counts be grouped into categories of "strongly shedding", "moderately shedding", "borderline positive / lightly shedding", and "negative". These categories could identify a clinically useful spectrum of PCR "positive-ness". Further, it may be reasonable to assume that viable virus is likely when Ct counts are low, but not necessarily with borderline positive Ct counts. PCR tests detect viral RNA presence, but do not indicate virus viability. Serious cases that result in hospital admission could be a category that would help identify the level of "protection", or lack thereof.If, for example, only 15 of 44 people with "positive" PCR indications are found symptomatic, is it appropriate to use the 15 or the 44 in determining the statistical statement of "protection"? And should brief headache / myalgia with no sore throat, cough, congestion be considered "symptomatic" even though it may just be a rapid secondary immune response to re-exposure? Does PCR Ct count suggest significant shedding indicating MMID similarity ?It is proposed that studies should use improved definitions to specify categories when discussing "protection" and "efficacy". The most important indications for "protection" might include:•What is the "class" of symptom characteristics?•Is there significant virally caused tissue damage?•Is there significant shedding?•Did hospital admission occur?It is important to state statistical study observations across a set of categorical interpretations. And popular press should respectfully convey the statistics and definitions.
Business sadomasochism: Implications of BDSM for economics
Authors: Le Tri Tam
Published: January 2021

Certain tendencies in the economy share similarity with concepts in BDSM.
Peranan Pabrik Crumb Robber PT Karya Sejati Pada Perkembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Kelurahan Murung Keramat Kota Kuala Kapuas
Authors: ARISANDI
Published: January 2021

puji syukur kepada tuhan swt dan dapat memenuhi persyaratan tugas ujian akhir semester
Laporan Literatur Review
Authors: Rahmayani
Published: January 2021

Model Berpikir Historis dalam Mencapai Dimensi Kognitif Bahasa Indonesia isi artikelnya yaitu mengajak para peserta didik atau yang lagi menempuh pendidikan diperguruan tinggi agar dapat meneliti dan berpikir kritis dalam memecah kan masalah sosial yang terjadi dimasyarakat. Selain untuk peserta didik guru juga dapat menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan dalam proses pembelajaran dikelas dengan peserta didik, sering kali pada saat ini guru mengajar dengan metode ceramah yang membuat peserta didik malas untuk mengikuti pembelajaran dikelas.
EVALUASI PENERAPAN PROGRAM ADIWIYATA UNTUK MEMBENTUK PERILAKU PEDULI LINGKUNGAN DI KALANGAN SISWA
Authors: Sondere Luwitang
Published: January 2021

Perilaku peduli lingkungan masih sangat minim, termasuk di kalangan siswa. Salah satu upaya untuk membentuk perilaku peduli lingkungan di kalangan siswa yaitu melalui penerapan program Adiwiyata melalui pendidikan formal pada semua jenjang sekolah. Permasalahannya, penerapan program Adiwiyata yang telah dilakukan ternyata belum menjamin terbentuknya perilaku peduli lingkungan warga sekolah. Atas dasar deksripsi tersebut, maka tujuan dari penelitian yaitu menganalisis hubungan Adiwiyata dalam upaya pembentukan perilaku peduli lingkungan, ditinjau dari aspek pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil riset di sekolah yang sudah Adiwiyata menunjukkan sebesar 48% siswa tingkat pengetahuannya tinggi, 99% siswa mempunyai sikap baik terhadap lingkungan, dan 79% siswa mempunyai tindakan baik terhadap lingkungan. Adapun sekolah yang belum Adiwiyata, sebesar 33% siswa tingkat pengetahuannya tinggi, 99% siswa mempunyai sikap baik terhadap lingkungan, dan 76% siswa mempunyai tindakan baik terhadap lingkungan. Dengan demikian terdapat hubungan antara penerapan Adiwiyata dengan pembentukan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan di kalangan siswa.
Tugas Final Test Sejarah Sosial-Ekonomi_Muhammad Sabirin_A2
Authors: Sabirin Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Tugas Final Test Sejarah Sosial-Ekonomi_Muhammad Sabirin_A2
Riview komling
Authors: sari Monika
Published: January 2021

Masyarakat desa Karang Anyar adalah komunitas yang hidup di pinggir Sungai Telang, Kabupaten Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan. Kendati sudah ada yang menyebar ke tengah daratan, tetapi pemukiman asli tetap bertahan di pinggir sungai. Sejak zaman dulu pemukiman ini tetap utuh, tidak pernah terkena bencana, terutama ancaman banjir. Fakta ini menarik karena memberi gambaran utuh bahwa berada di pinggir sungai tidaklah menyebabkan masalah, walau sungai itu kerap kali meluap
mengidentifikasi proses sistem operasi
Authors: almaunah
Published: January 2021

sistem informasi menjelaskan tentang sistem operasi yang dimana didalam materi tersebut terdapat penjelasan tentang suatu proses dalam sistem operasi pada komputer dan ada beberapa tahap yang harus dipahami untuk mempelajari suatu sistem pada komputer
Nona Ayuriszki Document Base Test
Authors: Ayuriszki Nona
Published: January 2021

Media pembelajaran merupakan hal penting dalam sebuah proses pembelajaran. media pembelajaran memberikan berbagai cara dalam merangsang daya pikir agar interaksi pembelajaran terjadi secara efektif.
UAS Sejarah Sosial Ekonomi_NurHaliza_A2
Authors: Haliza Nur
Published: January 2021

Pada ekonomi tradisional Indonesia berisikan kondisi masyarakat yang masih bersifat kerakyatan, telah berlangsung berabad-abad lamanya. Indonesia disebut sebagai ekonomi sosialis ala Indonesia, karena hal tersebut merupakan ciri khas yang telah lama melekat dan menjadi jati diri bangsa Indonesia. Hubungan antara corak ekonomi Indonesia dengan perkembangan kebudayaan Indonesia yaitu dapat dilihat dengan diterbitkannya pasal 33 UUD 1945 Ayat 1 yang diperjuangkan oleh Moh. Oleh karena itu, antara corak perekonomian dengan kebudayaan masyarakat Indonesia tersebut saling berhubungan. Sistem ekonomi koperasi di Indonesia sudah ada sejak masa penjajahan, namun tidak begitu berdampak positif bagi Indonesia sendiri. Setelah Indonesia memproklamirkan kemerdekaannya, sistem ekonomi koperasi dijalankan dengan menyesuaikan kondisi atau keadaan masyarakatnya pada saat itu. Sehingga keterkaitan antara sistem perekonomian di Eropa dengan di Indonesia bertujuan untuk menstabilkan perekenomian guna mensejahterakan masyarakat. Ciri koperasi Indonesia sebagai bagian dari ekonomi sosialis Indonesia yaitu dimana sangat mengutamakan ekonomi kerakyatan. Oleh karenanya, sudah sepantasnya perekonomian yang ada di Indonesia berdasarkan prinsip tersebut. Pada pasal 5 merupakan salah satu pasal penting yang berisikan "Koperasi, struktur, aktivitas dan alat pembinaan serta alat perlengkapan organisasi koperasi, mencerminkan kegotong-royongan progresif revolusioner berporoskan Nasakom".
Literatur Review Evaluasi Pembelajaran Dellaneira Btari Anantiwi 1810111320016
Authors: Anantiwi Dellaneira Btari
Published: January 2021

Pendidik sejarah berdasarkan konstruktivisme setuju bahwa siswa dan guru diberikanpengetahuan tentang metode sejarah yang dikenal sebagai pemikiran sejarah (Seixas,2017). Proses pembelajaran sejarah di SMA, guru masih mengajar secara konvensionaldan tidak mengembangkan keterampilan intelektual
Administrasi Tata Kelola Dalam Pendidikan
Authors: Arsi Andi , Irma  , Arsyam Muhammad
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK Administrasi Pendidikan dalam Profesi Keguruan merupakan kegiatan pendidikan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dalam bidang administrasi. ilmu pengetahuan, teori belajar dan ketrampilan yang dilaksanakan bertujuan jangka panjang yaitu agar tenaga administrasi, manajemen maupu mengembangkan ilmu yang telah dipelajari dan dipraktekkan di sekolah. Kata “administrasi” berasal dari bahasa latin yang terdiri atas kata ad dan ministrare. Kata ad mempunyai arti yang sama dengan kata todalam bahasa inggris, yang berarti “ke” atau “kepada”. Dan ministrare sama artinya dengan kata to serve atau to conduct yang berarti “melayani”, “membantu”, atau mengarahkan”. Dalam bahasa inggris to administer berarti pula “mengatur”, “memelihara” (to look after), dan “mengarahkan”. Jadi, kata “administrasi” dapat diartikan sebagai suatu kegiatan atau usaha untuk membantu, melayani, mengarahkan, atau mengatur semua kegiatan di dalam mencapai suatu tujuan.
Review Jurnal Komunikasi Lingkungan
Authors: Oktalina
Published: January 2021

catatan ini dibuat untuk mencari intisari dari jurnal yg ditentukan
On the nature and role of Consciousness: is it time to move towards a metaphilosophical and metascientific approach?
Authors: FACCO ENRICO , Fracas Fabio , Tagliagambe Silvano , Tressoldi Patrizio
Published: January 2021

The main aim of this paper is to support a metaphilosophical and metascientific approach to the study of Consciousness.After a brief historical resume of the debate between the mind-brain-body relationship, we discuss how the apparently irreducible contention between a physicalist and an anti-physicalist interpretation of Consciousness can be overcome by a metaphilosophic and metascientific approach in the attempt to overcome ethnocentric cultural filters and constraints yielded by the Weltanschauung and the Zeitgeist one belongs to. IN fact, a metaphilosophical perspective can help to recognize key concepts and meanings common to different philosophies beyond their formal differences and different modes of theorization, where the common field of reflection is aimed to find the problem’s unity in the multiplicity of forms. Likewise, the metascientific approach, such as the anthropic principle adopted in astrophysics, helps overcoming the problems of indecidability of single axiomatic disciplines.A metaphilosophical and metascientific approach seems appropriate in the study of consciousness and subjective phenomena, since the first-person perspective and the meaning of the experience are the condition sine qua non for their proper understanding.
Personality (Dys)Function and General Instability
Authors: Ringwald Whitney R. , Hallquist Michael , Dombrovski Alexandre , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: January 2021

Humans adapt to a dynamic environment while maintaining psychological equilibrium. Systems theories of personality hold that generalized processes control stability by regulating how strongly a person reacts to various situations. Research shows there are higher-order traits of general personality function (Stability) and dysfunction (general personality pathology; GPP), but whether or not they capture individual differences in reactivity is largely theoretical. We tested this hypothesis by examining how general personality functioning manifests in everyday life in two samples (Ns=205; 342 participants and 24,920; 17,761 observations) that completed an ambulatory assessment protocol. Consistent with systems theories, we found (1) there is a general factor reflecting reactivity across major domains of functioning, and (2) reactivity is strongly associated with Stability and GPP. Results provide insight into how people fundamentally adapt (or not) to their environments, and lays the foundation for more practical, empirical models of human functioning.
Meta-analysis of structural evidence for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model
Authors: Ringwald Whitney R. , Forbes Miriam K. , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: January 2021

Background: The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a classification system that seeks to organize psychopathology using quantitative evidence—yet the current model was established by narrative review. This meta-analysis provides a quantitative synthesis of literature on transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology to evaluate the validity of the HiTOP framework. Methods: Published studies estimating factor-analytic models from DSM diagnoses were screened. A total of 120,596 participants from 35 studies assessing twenty-three DSM diagnoses were included in the meta-analytic models. Data were pooled into a meta-analytic correlation matrix using a random effects model. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted using the pooled correlation matrix. A hierarchical structure was estimated by extracting one to five factors representing levels of the HiTOP framework, then calculating congruence coefficients between factors at sequential levels. Results: Five transdiagnostic dimensions fit the DSM diagnoses well (comparative fit index [CFI] = .92, root mean square-error of approximation [RMSEA] = .07, and standardized root-mean-square residual [SRMR] = .03). Most diagnoses had factor loadings > |.30| on the expected factors, and congruence coefficients between factors indicated a hierarchical structure consistent with the HiTOP framework. Conclusions: A model closely resembling the HiTOP framework fit the data well and placement of DSM diagnoses within transdiagnostic dimensions were largely confirmed, supporting it as valid structure for conceptualizing and organizing psychopathology. Results also suggest transdiagnostic research should 1) use traits, narrow symptoms, and dimensional measures of psychopathology instead of DSM diagnoses, 2) assess a broader array of constructs, and 3) increase focus on understudied pathologies.
How peer influence shapes value computation in moral decision-making
Authors: Yu Hongbo , Siegel Jenifer , Clithero John , Crockett Molly
Published: January 2021

Moral behavior is susceptible to peer influence. How does information from peers influence moral preferences? We used drift-diffusion modeling to show that peer influence changes the value of moral behavior by prioritizing the choice attributes that align with peers’ goals. Study 1 (N = 100; preregistered) showed that participants accurately inferred the goals of prosocial and antisocial peers when observing their moral decisions. In Study 2 (N = 68), participants made moral decisions before and after observing the decisions of a prosocial or antisocial peer. Peer observation caused participants’ own preferences to resemble those of their peers. This peer influence effect on value computation manifested as an increased weight on choice attributes promoting the peers’ goals that occurred independently from peer influence on initial choice bias. Participants’ self-reported awareness of influence tracked more closely with computational measures of prosocial than antisocial influence. Our findings have implications for bolstering and blocking the effects of prosocial and antisocial influence on moral behavior.
The Effects of a Single Session Musical Engagement on Changes in Mood
Authors: Nagy Emese , Allen Cyrus , Hershaw Candice , Masterton Cassie
Published: January 2021

Research suggests that interpersonal engagement influences mood during music-based therapeutic interventions. Music interventions normally involve several sessions over many weeks. However, there are no data on the effect of a single drumming session on mood where engagement has been controlled for with a comparable activity that does not involve interpersonal engagement. This study aimed to investigate whether engagement in a single session of a music-based intervention using co-drumming changed participants’ moods. Mood has been measured using both self-report (Positive Negative Affect Scale, PNAS) and frame-by-frame behaviour analysis, and the effects were compared to those of a comparable musical task that did not involve interpersonal engagement. Thirty-one participants were randomly assigned to either the engagement condition, in which they played djembe drums for two minutes with a researcher, or the non-engagement condition, in which they played a djembe drum to a series of pre-recorded drum sequences shown in video format on a computer monitor. The results showed that interpersonal engagement led to a significantly greater increase in positive mood and a decrease in negative mood. Frame-by-frame analysis of behaviour indicated that participants smiled and laughed for longer periods under the engagement condition. By including a comparable musical control and both behavioural observational and self-report measures of mood, this study provided evidence of the power of musical engagement to facilitate a positive mood. These findings have many health-related implications; for example, group drumming could be trialled as short, single-session therapy programs to address mental illness.