bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The hepatoprotective activity of the herbal preparation Salivin against carbon tetrachloride (Ccl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits
Authors: Khurelbat Daariimaa , Purevkhuu Mandakhnaran , Luvsansharav Batgerel , Bandi Sarantsetseg , Tseveen Davaasuren , Sanjjav Tsetsegmaa , Dorjbal Enkhjargal , Miegombo Ambaga
Published: March 2018

Recently, a trend has developed towards employing certain herbal medicines to manage hepatotoxicity. The present study is that of an assessment of the efficacy of a herbal preparation of Salivin (HPS), a combination of the herbs of Saussurea amara (L.)DC., Salsola collina Pall., Achillea asiatica Serg. and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, in rabbit models, against CCl4-induced hepatic damage. In so doing, an extract of HPS (200 mg/kg body weight/day), along with reference control tablets of Carsil (Silymarin 35 mg) (250 mg/kg body weight/day) (which is known for its hepatoprotective effects) were administered, along with the standard diet.

The experimental group of rabbits received HPS orally for 28 days, which resulted in a decrease in blood enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase), compared to the control.

Evidenced by biochemical and histopathological studies, it is concluded that the polyherbal formulation HPS showed hepatoprotective activity against induced CCl4 hepatotoxicity in rabbits.
Selected forms of therapy for individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Dudzinska Ewa , Szymona Kinga , Pacian Anna , Kulik Teresa
Published: March 2018

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition of multiple origins. It is characterised by a range of behaviour patterns, in addition to disturbed social and emotional functioning. Of note, early therapy is conducive to better treatment results. A few recently discussed therapies have a particularly positive impact on children with ASD. Corbett et al. [2] proposed Sense Theatre. This involves instilling appropriate behaviours and communication patterns into the afflicted individual through acting. Role-playing and other similar techniques also offer an opportunity for children with ASD to improve their areas of empathy and social cooperation. With regard to bio-feedback-related techniques, Friedrich et al. [3] was noted for developing the Brain-computer method, a system of game interface connected to an external device. The method targets the mirror neuron system (MNS) in order to enhance cognitive, emotional and behavioural functions through neurofeedback. An approach put forward by Solomon et al. [10] is called ‘Play and Language for Autistic Youngsters (PLAY) Project Home Consultation’. Herein, volunteers visit patients’ homes on a regular basis to engage the children in play and games, after which they discuss with parents, the issues that came up. The PLAY reduces guardians’ stress levels and improves children’s skills. A pharmacological method is that of administering sulphoraphane [9], which reduces damaging effects. As others claim [8,1,7], other dietary approaches prove efficient as well. In summation, an early intervention and the employment of a multimodal treatment approach can be of importance for enhancing the life of ASD-affected children.
Epidemiology and pathogenesis of thoracic outlet syndrome
Authors: Wojcik Gustaw , Sokolowska Barbara , Piskorz Jolanta
Published: March 2018

The superior thoracic aperture is a place particularly vulnerable to the occurrence of tissue conflict and the development of a number of neurovascular changes carrying a risk of upper limb dysfunction. The triggering factor in this case is the pressure on the nerve vascular elements brought about by too large muscles of the chest and neck, clavicle fracture and dislocation of the upper ribs, anomalies in the form of ribs, in the neck, or by apex of the lung tumors. Each anatomical anomaly may be a cause of a number of lesions and lead to the development of the disease. Due to the nature of the oppressed structures, there are two basic groups: neurogenic and vascular. The most common variant giving clinical symptoms is neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. In this, the compression ratio, the brachial plexus, and for this reason, the vascular surface of the upper limb dysfunction is often overlooked. However, the vascular variant, and especially arterial sub-variant, is very dangerous because it can give complications even in the form of aneurysms, and even upper limb ischemia. The aim of the study is to present the most common changes in the thoracic outlet causing functional disorders of the upper limb.
Overview on fosfomycin and its current and future clinical significance
Authors: Chudzik-Rzad Beata , Andrzejczuk Sylwia , Rzad Mariusz , Tomasiewicz Krzysztof , Malm Anna
Published: March 2018

Fosfomycin is an old antibiotic with a unique chemical structure and with broadspectrum activity against numerous bacterial pathogens, both Gram-positive and Gramnegative, including resistant and multi-resistant strains. This antibiotic was accepted into clinical practice in the early 1970s. Its use, however, has been limited for several years for treating mainly lower uncomplicated urinary tract infections (in the form of fosfomycin trometamol taken orally). Nowadays, many clinicians and scientists are looking at this antibacterial drug for its employment in the treatment of severe infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria. Fosfomycin as an intravenous formulation (fosfomycin disodium) achieves clinically relevant concentrations in the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid, in kidney, bladder wall, prostate, lungs, bone and heart valves tissues, as well as in inflamed tissues and abscess fluid. The available clinical studies confirmed the efficacy of intravenous fosfomycin for the management of severe infections caused by multiresistant pathogens.
Changes of nitric oxide system and lipid peroxidation parameters in the digestive system of rats under conditions of acute stress, and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: Fomenko Iryna , Bondarchuk Tetyana , Emelyanenko Vitaliy , Denysenko Natalia , Pavlo Sklyarov , Ilkiv Iryna , Lesyk Roman , Sklyarov Alexander
Published: March 2018

The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in combination with being physiologically stressed often occurs in in the course of different pathologies. This situation may result in the alteration of digestive system functioning. The effect of stress brings about changes in the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), arginase, cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipid peroxidation, whereas the use of NSAIDs interrupts the multiple functions of the cell via the inhibition of prostaglandins (PGs) synthesis. Taking into account that NOS and COX-systems are connected in their regulation, the aim of the study was to determine the role played by NOS and lipid peroxidation under conditions of the combined action of NSAIDs and stress. In our study, male rats were used. The NSAIDs (naproxen - a non-selective COX inhibitor, celecoxib - a selective COX-2 blocker, and the compound 2A5DHT (which is the active substance of dual COX, and the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor, darbufelone) were all administered at a dose 10 mg/kg, prior to water restraint stress (WRS). WRS brought about an increase of inducible NOS (iNOS) activity in the intestinal mucosal and muscular membranes, as well as in the pancreas. Because of this, constitutive NOS izoform (cNOS) and arginase activities decreased. Moreover, the MDA concentration increased, indicating the development of oxidative stress. In our work, pretreatment with naproxen, as in the WRS model, engendered a decrease in iNOS activity. What is more, administration of Celecoxib did not change iNOS activity, as compared to WRS alone, and it showed a tendency to reduce lipid peroxidation. In addition, 2A5DHT prior WRS brought about a decrease of iNOS activity, with the subsequent rise of cNOS activity. Of note, MDA concentration decreased in all studied organs, indicating the reduction of lipid peroxidation under the action of the darbufelone active substance.
Dental arch Transversal characteristics in boys and girls with orthognathic bite: head shape and face type dependence
Authors: Gunas Іgor , Glushak Alona , Samoylenko Andriy
Published: March 2018

In this work, we describe the boundary percentile scope values of transversal characteristics of the dental arch of boys and girls of Podillia, with diagnosed orthognathic bite. The study group consists of individuals with different forms of head and face. Our findings are that, in girls, unlike boys, set differences exist in the transversal dimensions of the upper and lower jaw, both in the distribution of the shape of the head, and the type of face. In boys with different head shape, larger values of transversal size of dental arch are evidenced when contrasted with the corresponding groups of girls, regarding the maxilla in 46.7% of all cases and the mandible in 22.2% of all cases, as well as with different types of faces in 66.7% of cases regarding the maxilla and 55.6% in the mandible.
The influence of an opioid on the course of reparative processes
Authors: Mateshuk-Vatseba Lesya , Diskovskyi Ivan
Published: March 2018

The objective of our work is to examine the influence of prolonged administration of an opioid, on the course of the reparative process of a multiple post-injection wound inflicted upon a white rat’s skin, doing so by way of using light microscopy. The studies were carried out on 24 mature white male rats, aged 4.5-7.5 months, with weights of 130-150 g. For histological examination, the skin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The preparations were studied and photographed at the magnification of ob.х8, ey.x15 and ob.x40, ey.x10. The «Aver Media» computer system was employed for micropreparations photography. The set levels of light microscopy reveal that the administration of an opioid for a 2 week period does not affect the reparative process of a multiple post-injection wound. Moreover, in most wound canals, the formation of a complete regenerate can be seen. However, after 4 weeks of nalbufin administration, the processes of wound healing slowed and were complicated by the formation of microabscesses. After 6 weeks of opioid administration, destructive changes in the skin were detected. These, in turn, led to the incomplete regenerate formation in the multiple postinjection wound. The experimental results, hence, show the negative effect of prolonged administration of opioid on the reparative processes in the skin.
Local administrative-territorial specificity dermatoglyphics of men in Ukraine affected by caries at various levels of intensity
Authors: Shinkaruk-Dykovytska Maria , Borisenko Anatoly
Published: March 2018

We found differences in administrative-territorial distributions of dermatoglyphics with regard to somatic healthy men of I adulthood with low and moderate levels intensity of caries. However, separate dermatoglyphics complexes of men with low levels intensity of caries, typical for any region of Ukraine, were not found. The data obtained from the western and southern regions of the country is particularly interesting. This, we believe, is a manifestation of population-regional particularities of the gene pool of Ukrainian men that corresponds to markers of greater physical health than to markers of the progression of the course of caries that is of low intensity. The greatest number of differences by indicator dermatoglyphics is evidenced in men with a medium level intensity of caries. This is concentrated in territorial segments: west↔center↔south and north↔center↔south. Moreover, a great amount of differences are seen in territorial segments: center west↔center↔north and south↔center↔east, while the least difference, albeit still numerous, is noticeable in territorial segments: north↔center↔east. The obtained data are interpreted by us as a manifestation of predisposition to the course of caries of a medium level of affection which is based on differences in the structure of the gene pool of the Ukrainian male population.
Effectiveness of psychopharmacology in Anorexia Nervosa treatment
Authors: Zadka Lukasz
Published: March 2018

The eating disorder that generates the highest death rate is that of anorexia nervosa, and current treatment is a combination of equalization of somatic state and patient education. Moreover, psychical symptoms occurring in the course of anorexia nervosa are thought to have a crucial influence on the course of the disease. Hence, in medical literature, the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions is also widely described. Still, the implementation of appropriate psychopharmacology is now considered an additional method of treatment, rather than a therapy of choice. Yet, in spite of many years of research, there are no absolute recommendations given, nor are instructions within the scope of psychopharmacological treatment proffered, although the selection of psychopharmacological items must respect both the patient’s psychic and somatic states. In recent years, the popularity of psychopharmacological treatment has increased; therefore, we feel that it is justified to present the latest scientific information in this respect.
An alternative synthesis of Azilsartan: an angiotensin II receptor blocker
Authors: Garaga Srinivas , Misra Nimesh C. , Reddy Ambati V. Raghava , Prabahar Koilpillai Joseph , Takshinamoorthy Chandiran , Sanasi Paul Douglas , Korupolu Raghubabu
Published: March 2018

This paper provides a description of an alternative, novel and commercially viable process which has been developed for the preparation of Azilsartan, a pro-drug of Azilsartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II receptor blocker. The present work also provides a primary account of the synthesis and characterization of the novel intermediates (6, 7 & 10) of Azilsartan, with their spectral data.
Specifics of proximal caries and their diagnostics in posterior teeth
Authors: Wojcik-Checinska Ilona , Mojsym Agnieszka , Loj-Maczulska Agnieszka , Chalas Renata
Published: March 2018

Proximal surfaces are the second in turn after the occlusal surfaces, as being the most exposed places to the carious process. The specificity of changes and location makes the diagnostic of approximal cavities difficult. The aim of the study was to collect information on possibilities of detection, monitoring and assessment of carious lesions located on proximal surfaces, starting from the early stage. On the base of current literature, chosen methods of diagnosis, from conventional, to advanced technologies were presented. Current literature also suggests that none of the diagnostic methods exclude the possibility of misdiagnosis of proximal caries. Therefore, during the diagnosing of doubtful cases, it is advisable to employ several methods of assessment, with simultaneous individual appraisal of caries risk factors, such as oral hygiene, frequency of eating sweets or the number of active caries foci.
The blood resistin level in patients with DM2, depending on the duration of the disease
Authors: Urbanovych Alina
Published: March 2018

Resistin is still a little known hormone of the adipose tissue. The potential role of resistin in the development of DM2 has been currently investigated. The aim of our study was to detect the resistin blood level in patients with DM2, depending on the duration of the disease. In so doing, a determination of resistin and insulin blood level was conducted in 305 patients with DM2, and in a control group of 32 persons. Before testing, the patients were placed into four groups, depending on the duration of type 2 diabetes. Our results indicate that the resistin level was significantly lower in the control group of patients, in comparison with the DM2 patients groups. Moreover, a significantly lower resistin level was found in group I (firstly diagnosed DM2), in comparison with the groups of patients with a different duration of DM2. No correlation between resistin level and BMI, and between resistin and insulin blood level was found. However, a tendency towards increase of resistin blood level is noticeably evident in co-relation with increment of DM2 duration. In addition, the resistin level was considerably lower in patients with no DM2, when compared with patients with diagnosed DM2. Yet, there was no significant difference in the resistin blood level depending on the sex of the patients at the same duration of DM2
Regulation of the genes involved in neurotransmission in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Cuch Barbara , Polaczek Anna , Idziak Magdalena , Kotuła Lidia , Maciejewski Ryszard , Madej-Czerwonka Barbara , Kocki Janusz
Published: March 2018

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is the full name of the disease commonly deemed ADHD. This disease is most frequently diagnosed in childhood, and it affects up to 12 % of all children world-wide. The current clinical criteria (the base for diagnosis) can be found in DSM -V. The core symptoms are divided in three groups: hyperactivity, impulsivity and impaired attention. The aetiology of the disorder is combined, including a wide range of factors, and the genetic, environmental, toxic, perinatal background is taken into account. Because, currently, more and more studies are seeking to explore the heritability of the disorder, the aim of this study is to review the information provided by different research centres which discuss the genetic background of the disease. Herein, we present the results of different studies gathered from the online database. Our findings indicate that the participation of genetic factors within this disorder is supported by family, twin and adoption studies. Indeed, in current literature, researchers estimate that there is a higher risk of developing ADHD among children from families with an ADHD history. Of particular note is that there are some studies indicating particular genes that determine the susceptibility to ADHD. Such studies make mention that most of these genes encode components of the dompaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmission systems. Researchers in the field, thus, are attempting to link the presence of certain alleles in affected children with their response to treatment. Yet, while ADHD is now considered as being a disorder of genetic background, we cannot indicate a single gene or its mutation that would be crucial in the aetiology and diagnosis. Still, a number of candidate genes have been reported so far.
Effect of compression pressure on mechanical and release properties of tramadol matrix tablets
Authors: Adeleye Olutayo A. , Femi-Oyewo Mbang N. , Odeniyi Michael A.
Published: March 2018

Drug delivery to the proper site of action in the body is greatly influenced by the excipients used and some processing variables such as changes in compression force.

The aim of this investigation was to study the influence of changes in compression forces during tablet manufacturing on the mechanical and release properties of Tramadol matrix tablet. Hardness and friability were used as assessment parameters for mechanical properties while release properties were analysed using dissolution test. Data were analysed using One-way ANOVA at p < 0.05.

Tablet hardness and friability were typically compression pressure-dependent with a significant difference in tablet hardness and friability with increase in compression pressure (p < 0.001).

Drug release was best expressed by Korsmeyer-Peppas equation as the plots showed high linearity (r2) of 0.998 and 0.988 for formulations containing Xanthan gum and Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, respectively. Drug release from formulations containing Xanthan gum was mainly by diffusion while a combination of diffusion and chain relaxation was the mechanism of drug release from formulation containing Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose.

The release properties of tramadol matrix tablet were not significantly influenced by compression pressure but rather by the polymer and the material properties of the drug.
Hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrosis after chronic administration of ethanol
Authors: Kot-Bakiera Katarzyna , Wawryk-Gawda Ewelina , Cichacz-Kwiatkowska Beata , Jodlowska-Jedrych Barbara
Published: March 2018

Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are a nonparenchymal population of liver cells. In normal conditions, they store vitamin A, control the turnover of the extracellular matrix, and regulate the contractility of the sinusoids. Acute and chronic damage such as that brought about by alcohol activates the stellate cells and they are then responsible for the liver's inflammatory fibrotic response. Hence, alcohol consumption leads to hepatitis, steatosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver by way of different mechanisms depending on effect upon the nonparenchymal cells of the liver.

The aim of our study was to assess the histological changes in the liver of rats after chronic alcohol consumption. In our work, we evaluated the intensity of liver fibrosis and the number of Kupffer cells and active hepatic stellate cells present within a test population. In the experiment, we used 10 Wistar rats of 250 gram weight. The animals were placed within one of two groups: A (experimental) and C (control). Group A received alcohol for 4 weeks, while group C received just water. The rats of both groups were decapitated 24 hours after the end of the experiment. The samples of liver were then evaluated after H&E, Masson’s trichrome staining and an immunohistochemical reaction to desmin (a marker of quiescent HSC) and α-smooth muscle actin (marker of active HSC) antibody. In our work, we observed intensive fibrosis in the portal spaces and perivenular areas in group A samples. Moreover, Kupffer cells and stellate cells with positive α-SMA expression were more numerous in group A than in the group C, and these correlate with the area of intensive fibrosis. The expression of desmin in the HSC was seen in both groups to a similar level.

Conclusion: Chronic alcohol consumption activates the transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells into the positive α-SMA myofibroblast-like cells which are responsible for fibrogenesis.
The application of povidone in the preparation of modified release tablets
Authors: Kasperek Regina , Zimmer Lukasz , Zun Maria , Dwornicka Dorota , Wojciechowska Katarzyna , Poleszak Ewa
Published: March 2018

The aim of the study was to investigate the modified release of a model substance, of tablets containing different types of Kollidon and particular additives. Additionally, the release kinetics and mechanism of prolonged release of certain tablet preparations were investigated. In this work, tablets containing different types of povidone (Kollidon CL, Kollidon 30, Kollidon SR and other excipients) were prepared by the direct compression technique. The results showed that tablets with fast disintegration and release should contain in their composition, Kollidon CL, lactose and Avicel, however, the use of β-CD instead of lactose or Avicel brings about a slight prolongation in the disintegration time of tablets and the release of an active substance. Furthermore, while other tablet compositions generated within this study must be considered as being prolonged release types, only two of these showed the best fitted mathematical models. The in vitro dissolution data reveal that the dissolution profiles of the two formulations, one containing Kollidon SR with the addition of Kollidon 30, and the second with HPMC K15M, Kollidon 30, Kollidon CL and lactose, best fitted the Higuchi model. Moreover, the release mechanism of these two formulations plotted well into Korsmeyer-Peppas, indicating a coupling of drug diffusion in the hydrated matrix, as well as polymer relaxation – the so-called anomalous transport (non-Fickian).
The history of pharmacy in Adamów
Authors: Wrobel Andrzej , Korzeniowska Malgorzata , Polak Agnieszka , Szczygiel Marcin , Wrobel Rafal
Published: March 2018

This is one of a series of articles about pharmacists in Lublin district, in the 19th and 20th c. The first recorded owner of the pharmacy in Adamów was Aleksander Biernacki (1851-1897), who passed it onto his son-in-law, Aleksander Rogoziński (1873-1941), and who, in turn, passed it onto his son, Stanisław Rogoziński (1913-1998), married to Tatiana (1918-1998). This family's history is an example of the history of Polish intelligentsia in the second half of 19th c., in the times of the Russian partition, World War I, 1918-1939, World War II and until contemporary times.
Sonographic parameters of the pancreas and gall bladder in healthy men from Podillya region of Ukraine of different somatotypes
Authors: Gunas Igor , Prokopenko Sergiy , Melnik Marina
Published: March 2018

In this work, we undertook a study of the sonographic parameters of the pancreas and gall bladder in healthy men with different somatotypes. The study-subjects were from the Podillya region of Ukraine. Herein, the majority of gallbladder dimensions (length, thickness, cross-sectional area and volume) in men type-classified as endo-mesomorphic, were significantly higher when compared with men in general and with those of the meso- and ecto-mesomorphic somatotype. Furthermore, the dimensions of the pancreas (width of head and tail length) in mesomorphic males were significantly higher than that of endo-mesomorphic males. The rest of the studied parameters (length, longitudinal cross section area of the gall bladder, the thickness of the head, body and head length, the width of the body and tail of the pancreas) in men of the different somatotypes have no significant differences.
Features of somatotype and body weight component composition in patients with acne: boys and girls of Podillya region of Ukraine
Authors: Gunas Igor , Majewski Olexandr , Makarchuk Irina
Published: March 2018

The article describes the differences in peculiarities of somatotype and body weight component composition in patients with acne, the study population being boys and girls of the Podillya region of Ukraine. In the study subjects, regardless of sex, body muscle mass, bone mass and the mesomorphic somatotype component of those with acne were significantly greater, while fat body mass indicators and the endomorphic somatotype component was smaller – in comparison to that of non-afflicted subjects of similar gender. Regarding the ectomorphic component of somatotype, between the surveyed groups of those with and without acne, whether male or female, no significant differences were revealed. For all indicators, whether the somatotype components or the component composition of body weight, between groups of boys or girls with different degrees of severity of acne, again no significant differences were established.
Glycyrrhetinic acid and its derivatives in infectious diseases
Authors: Langer Dominik , Czarczynska-Goslinska Beata , Goslinski Tomasz
Published: March 2018

Introduction.Licorice or liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra, Leguminosae) is a perennial plant naturally occurring or cultivated in Europe and Asia. It was appreciated by many ancient cultures, and was employed within Arabic medicine and (beginning in the Middle Ages) in Europe folk medicine as a remedy for many diseases. Currently, the sweet flavoured root of this plant – Radix Glycyrrhizae (Liquirtiae), is widely taken for the treating of various upper respiratory tract diseases, as well as for gastric ulcer disease. It is also utilized as a sweetening and flavouring agent in the food, tobacco and pharmacy industries. The main active ingredient of liquorice is the triterpenoid saponin, glycyrrhizin, which is a mixture of calcium, magnesium and potassium salts of glycyrrhizic acid (GA). Glycyrrhizic acid is composed of an aglycone, that is 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GE), and a D-glucuronic acid dimer. The aim of this review is to discuss some aspects of the activity of glycyrrhetinic acid and its derivatives in infectious diseases.

State of knowledge.The pentacyclic system of glycyrrhetinic acid consists of condensed six-membered rings with a hydroxyl group at C-3, a carboxyl moiety at C-30 and a ketone functional group at C-11. Considering the presence of the above mentioned functional groups, many structural transformations have been proposed, including those by way of esterification, alkylation and reduction reactions. The introduction of various chemical residues into its structure, as well as the modification of the glycyrrhetinic acid in its pentacyclic triterpene skeleton, has led to the generation of compounds with many valuable antimicrobial, anti-parasitic, antiviral properties and modified lipophilic parameters.

Summary.In summary, glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives appear to have promise as active pharmaceutical ingredients that contain a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties.
Discriminant model possibility of occurrence pubertal uterine bleeding in girls depending on the characteristics of the structure and size of the body
Authors: Chaika Grigoriy , Kucherenko Oksana
Published: March 2018

In this paper, based on the performance characteristics of the structure and size of the body, and through step discriminant analysis, we have built an accurate and highly informative model of the possibility of pubertal uterine bleeding in a general population of girls aged from 14 to 18 years, and as broken down into groups 14-15 and 16-18 years. In the total group of girls of 14-18 years and notably in girls 16-18 years, indicators of skin thickness and fat fold are consistent with such a possibility, while in girls 14-15 years old, indicators of body diameter, width of distal epiphysis of long bones of the limbs and encompassing body size, show correlation with pubertal uterine bleeding. The largest contribution to discrimination, regardless of the age groups, is, however, the value of the fat component of body weight.
The influence of 1.4-naphtoquinone derivative and of vitamin E on nitroso-oxidative processes in digestive organ mucous membranes under the conditions of cyclooxygenase blockage, and against the background of low intensity X-ray irradiation
Authors: Ilnytska Khrystyna , Datsyuk Leonid , Novikov Volodymyr , Denysenko Nataliya , Sklyarov Alexandr
Published: March 2018

In recent years, the influence of chronic low intensity irradiation on the human body has increased. This is mediated not only by the consequences of technogenic catastrophies, but also due to application of radiation therapy of of radiation usage in industry. Hence, we investigated the influence of 1.4-naphtoquinone and vitamin Е on the nitroso-oxidative processes in the digestive organ mucous membranes, while affected by low intensity X-ray irradiation alone and in combination with the experimental blockage of COX, in rats. Our results show that X-ray irradiation of a total dose of 20 sGy during twenty days, induced an increase of the oxidative processes, as well as an increase in the activity of iNOS and myeloperoxidase in the mucous membranes of the stomach, small and large intestine. Both the effect of vitamin E and a 1.4-naphtoquinone derivative on the background of low intensity X-ray irradiation, and under the simultaneous effect of X-ray irradiation and COX blockage, brought about a decrease of the level of oxidative processes and of iNOS activity, whereas MPO activity increased. We also noted that the effect of vitamin E on the background of X-ray irradiation more significantly increased both the activity of SOD and catalase, when compared to the induced effect of the 1.4-naphtoquinone derivative. Under the conditions of COX-1/COX-2 blockage (as induced by way of indomethacin administration), against the background of X-ray irradiation, the content of TBA-active products (in the stomach and small intestine mucous membranes), the level of iNOS activity and the sum of nitrites and nitrates, were lower than that of independent effect. Тaking into account the prominent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes of 1.4-naphtoquinone-3-[3-(3.5-di-tret-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-1.4-dihydronaphtalene-2-aminoil] butyrate, when compared to the effect of sole administration of vitamin E, both under the conditions of X-ray irradiation alone, and the simultaneous effect of X-ray irradiation and COX blockage, this derivative may be considered suitable as a perspective radiprotectant.
The connection of hydronephrosis and microcirculation deterioration
Authors: Vorobets Dmytro
Published: March 2018

In this study, we have analyzed the influence of hydronephrosis upon the microcirculation system, in situations of pyeloureteral junction obstruction. Herein, bulbar conjunctiva has been chosen as the object of this biomicroscopic study because of its simplicity and the method availability in clinic practice. In fulfilling this work, we ascertained the connections between extravascular, intravascular, vascular and general conjunctival indices of the patients before radical and paliatic correction of the pyeloureteral junction obstruction (i.e. by open and laparoscopic pyeloplasty, endopyelotomy, laser resection and balloon dilatation). We concluded that, apart from the proved deterioration of kidney function, systemic deteriorations of microcirculation may be observed in situations of clinically marked hydronephrosis, according to the results of radioisotope renography and excretory urography.
Hypertension in pediatric dentistry practice
Authors: Rosiak Joanna , Kubic-Filiks Beata , Szymanska Jolanta
Published: March 2018

The authors discuss the factors coexistent with hypertension both in children and youth, as well as the treatment methods and possible symptoms that might appear in the oral cavity. In the work, the authors emphasize that there is a need for cooperation between the general practitioner, a cardiologist and a dentist, so as to provide an early diagnosis and effective treatment, as well as to prevent complications with regard to hypertension itself and the drugs used in treatment. The discussion is based on a review of the most recent works in the field.
The fluctuation of free amino acids in serum during acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Szpetnar Maria , Hordyjewska Anna , Malinowska Iwona , Golab Piotr , Kurzepa Jacek
Published: March 2018

Currently, little data exists regarding the involvement of free amino acids (AA) in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Thus, our objective was to study the degree of the degree of fluctuation of free amino acids level in serum during the acute phase of IS. The study consisted of eighteen patients (female/male: 10/8; age: 73.1 ± 4.1) with acute IS that was confirmed by way of computed tomography, while twelve sex and age matched individuals were assigned as control group. During the study period, the patients did not receive any supplemental amino acids therapy that could affect the obtained results. The venous blood was obtained after >3 hours fasting at two time-points; time-point 1 – at admission to the hospital; time-point 2 – on day 5 from stroke onset. The blood for control purposes was collected only once, and the blood collection at time-point 1 was done before thrombolytic treatment (nine patients). The amino acids were identified using the Amino Acids Analyser (AAA 400) by INGOS Corp., Praha, Czech Republic. Our results revealed a statistically significant increase of glutamate, cystine and methionine on day 1 of stroke, in comparison to control, whereas, proline level was decreased on day 1 of stroke – in comparison to control serum. On comparing day 5 to the initial day of IS, elevation was observed of levels of asparagine, glycine, tyrosine, arginine, threonine, valine, leucine and phenylalanine. It can be said, then, that ischemic stroke induces both essential and nonessential amino acid fluctuations. Moreover, the decrease in proline and glutamine serum level with the simultaneous increase in the concentration of branch chain amino acids, Glu and Thr suggests a violent mobilization of the body’s proteins. Thus, a decrease of Pro and a simultaneous increase of Glu serum level could be considered as a marker of acute IS.
Tribological characteristics of dental metal biomaterials
Authors: Walczak Mariusz , Drozd Kazimierz
Published: March 2018

The paper is a report of the examination of the tribological wear characteristics of certain dental metal biomaterials. In the study, tests were undertaken on the following materials: 316L steel, NiCrMo alloy, technically pure titanium (ASTM-grade 2) and Ti6Al4V ELI alloy (ASTM-grade 5). The tribological tests were performed in artificial saliva to determine the coefficient of friction and wear factor; the traces of wear were then ascertained through SEM. The significance of variations in the wear factor, was subsequently assessed by the U Mann-Whitney test. The resistance to wear in the ball-on-disc test under in vitro conditions was observed for the tested materials in the following order: NiCrMo>316L>Ti6Al4V>Ti grade 2.
Status of rats myocardium under subchronic mercury exposure and its pharmacological correction
Authors: Rostislav Kaminsky F. , Liudmyla Sokurenko M. , Yuri Chaikovsky B.
Published: March 2018

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the myocardium restructuring under the influence of 0.01 LD50 mercury (II) chloride, in rats, under subchronic exposure, and the correction of the detected changes. In the work, the structural and metabolic reorganization of myocardium was studied by way of general histological, histochemical and electron microscopic techniques. Herein, administration of Unithiolum reduces the severity of reactions to toxic effects of mercury salts: decreases the intensity of inflammation in the myocardium, improves microcirculation, connective tissue and mitochondrial membranes status and reduces cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Quercetinum has a normalizing effect on the myocardium structure, reduces energy imbalance in the myocardium, and stabilizes mitochondrial membranes. Both Unithiolum and Quercetinum promote intracellular ultrastructures recovery in cardiac myocytes and in endothelial cells, and enhance the regeneration of myofibrils.
Modern kinetic spectrophotometric procedure for estimation of furosemide drug as bulk form and in pharmaceuticals preparations
Authors: Al-Rufaie Mohauman Mohammad
Published: March 2018

A simple, rapid, sensitive, inexpensive and easy to perform kinetic spectrophotometric procedure for the investigation of trace quantities of the drug, furosemide (FRO), as bulk and in the pharmaceutical preparations, has been improved upon. The enhanced method was depended on the fashioning of the Schiff ‘s base by the reaction of the aldehyde group present in the 5-sulfo salicylaldehyde reagent, and the primary amino group present in furosemide. The latter acts as a ligand for the formation of an intense colored complex with Co(II) in an acidic medium, with maximum absorption at 608 nm. In the work, kinetic spectrophotometrics were established through the fixed time method. Moreover, Beer’s law was applied on the range of concentration between 5-100 ppm, while the molar absorptivity and the Sandell sensitivity were 3.9295×104 l.mol−1cm−1, 0.008 μg.cm−2, respectively. The detection limit (LOD) was 2.133 µg/ml−1, and LOQ was 1.105 µg/ml−1. Ideal circumstances for all colour improvement were seen, and the suggested procedure has been effectively employed in investigating amounts of furosemide (FRO) in bulk forms and in pharmaceutical preparations (tablets, injection sample). Additives and general excipient materials did not affect the studied method. A statistical comparison between the results that were obtained from the reference method gave good agreement.
A Semi-automatic Method to Retrieve Twitter Accounts
Authors: Nocca Florence
Published: March 2018

Although Twitter has become a major source of data, research still relies on heavy manual searches to find the accounts of a population of interest, such as members of Parliament, members of an association or candidates to an election. In this article, we propose a method to semi-automatically retrieve those accounts. After creating a pool of possible accounts through automatic web searches, we select a unique account for each member of a defined group. To do so, we use a simplified version of the minimax regret approach, on a score based on the account’s handle and the tweets’ content. We test this method to find the accounts of the candidates for the 2015 Spanish general elections and the members of the 57th House of Commons in the United Kingdom.
Una nueva propiedad intelectual para el siglo xxi. Focos, críticas y propuestas puntuales para una futura regulación de los bienes inmateriales
Authors: Castro Ayala Guillermo
Published: March 2018

La consultación del estado del arte pareciera sugerir que la regulación del internet, en tanto tiene que ver con la propiedad intelectual, es un desafío tan avasallador que lentamente ha tomado un cariz anómico que no solo es peligroso, sino depresivo, si se contempla desde la perspectiva del autor en la red. En el presente texto se analiza la problemática y plantea puntuales soluciones en diversos estados de tiempo. El derecho comparado y la historia del derecho han sido insumos que se han utilizado, tratando de sugerir evidencias que parecieran fácilmente aplicables, a pesar de la resistencia de la opinión mayoritaria de la doctrina.
Genomic Locus Modulating IOP in the BXD RI Mouse Strains
Authors: King Rebecca , Li Ying , Wang Jiaxing , Struebing Felix L , Geisert Eldon E
Published: March 2018

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the primary risk factor for developing glaucoma, yet little is known about the contribution of genomic background to IOP regulation. The present study leverages an array of systems genetics tools to study genomic factors modulating normal IOP in the mouse. The BXD recombinant inbred (RI) strain set was used to identify genomic loci modulating IOP. We measured the IOP in a total of 506 eyes from 38 different strains. Strain averages were subjected to conventional quantitative trait analysis by means of composite interval mapping. Candidate genes were defined, and immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used for validation. Of the 38 BXD strains examined the mean IOP ranged from a low of 13.2mmHg to a high of 17.1mmHg. The means for each strain were used to calculate a genome wide interval map. One significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) was found on Chr.8 (96 to 103 Mb). Within this 7 Mb region only 4 annotated genes were found: Gm15679, Cdh8, Cdh11 and Gm8730. Only two genes (Cdh8 and Cdh11) were candidates for modulating IOP based on the presence of non-synonymous SNPs. Further examination using SIFT (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant) analysis revealed that the SNPs in Cdh8 (Cadherin 8) were predicted to not change protein function; while the SNPs in Cdh11 (Cadherin 11) would not be tolerated, affecting protein function. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry demonstrated that CDH11 is expressed in the trabecular meshwork of the mouse. We have examined the genomic regulation of IOP in the BXD RI strain set and found one significant QTL on Chr. 8. Within this QTL, there is one good candidate gene, Cdh11.
Closure of patent ductus arteriosus with oral acetaminophen in preterm neonates: A randomized trial
Authors: Babaei Homa , Nemati Rahele , Daryoshi Hooman
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common cardiac problems in preterm neonates which could lead to morbidities, such as chronic lung disease, intraventricular hemorrhage and retinopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral acetaminophen on closure of PDA in preterm neonates.

Methods: Sixty-nine neonates with significant PDA (confirmed through echocardiography) were recruited in this study. Ibuprofen and indomethacin were contraindicated in these neonates These newborns were randomly divided into two groups of cases (n=36) and controls (n=33). The case group was treated with oral acetaminophen at a dose of 15 mg/kg/dose every 6 hours for 72 hours. The control group did not receive any intervention. After 72 hours, both groups were re-evaluated by echocardiography. In case of failed closure of PDA, the second course of treatment would be administration of acetaminophen. The main outcome of this study was to evaluate the rate of closure of PDA and the side effects of the acetaminophen.

Results: The overall rate of PDA closure in the acetaminophen-receiving group was 94.4%; the ductus arteriosus was closed in 75% of patients with the first course of treatment. Moreover, 19.4% of patients did not respond to the first course of the treatment but their ductus arteriosus was closed with the second course of acetaminophen treatment. Of the patients, 5.6% did not respond to both courses of acetaminophen treatments. For the control group, the closure rate of PDA was 15.1%.

Conclusion: The results of the study showed that oral acetaminophen is an effective alternative treatment for PDA in preterm neonates.
Successful treatment with home care during the second half of a twin pregnancy complicated by a short cervix: A case report
Authors: Zarei Mohammad , Zahedifard Tahereh , Nori Reza
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Twin pregnancies are associated with a risk of premature delivery.

Case presentation: A 34-year-old primiparous female patient with twin pregnancy presented in the 26th week of pregnancy with a cervical length of 11 mm, with prolapse of membranes. The patient received specialized bed rest and support, and the pregnancy was successfully completed at 36 weeks and 5 days.

Conclusion: In the second half of the pregnancy, due to the risk of emergency cervical cerclage, expectant management seems an appropriate and safe approach.
First record of the Pyrrhura lucianii Deville, 1851 (Psittaciformes, Psittacidae) in Acre, Brazil, with notes on the consumption of salt
Authors: Souza Jesus Rodrigues Domingos de , Plácido Ricardo Antônio de Andrade , Guilherme Edson , Melo Tomaz Nascimento de
Published: March 2018

westernmargin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%justifyThe Brazilian endemic species Pyrrhura lucianii Deville, 1851, was found on private property in the municipality of Senador Guiomard in Acre State, Brazil. This is the first record of this parakeet species in the state, expanding its distribution in 219 km to the south of Pauini, the nearest location. The species was observed consuming salt, used as a cattle feed supplement.
First records of the minor pest termite Eucryptotermes hagenii (Müller, 1873) (Blattodea, Termitoidae, Kalotermitidae) from the Chaco Dominion in Argentina
Authors: Godoy Maria C. , Coronel Juan M. , Annoni Giovana M. , Etcheverry Clara , Laffont Enrique R.
Published: March 2018

Eucryptotermes Holmgren, 1911, comprises 2 species of Neotropical drywood termites with phragmotic head soldiers. We report the presence of Eucryptotermes hagenii (Müller, 1873) in native forests of the Chaco Dominion and Chaco Province, enlarging its distribution and recording the genus and species for the first time in Argentina. Eucryptotermes hagenii abundance was estimated as intermediate by standardized sampling. Eighteen morphometric characters were measured in soldiers and alates, and 9 of them provided new data. The colonies, located inside living trees trunks and dead wood, were composed of reproductives, soldiers, pseudergates, and immatures.