bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPA TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH ENVIRONMENTAL-BURDENED PYELONEPHRITIS ASSOCIATED WITH DISORDERS OF PURINE EXCHANGE
Authors:   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Resortology, Shvedunova Larisa Nikolaevna , Kaysinova Agnessa Sardoevna ,   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Resortology, Efimenko Natalia Viktorovna ,   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Resortology, Dyomina Svetlana Vyacheslavovna ,   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Resortology, Pachin Sergey Aleksandrovich ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Gaydamaka Ivan Ivanovich ,   Department of Manual Therapy, Therapeutic Physical Training and Sports Medicine, Stavropol State Medical University
Published: October 2019

Objective: To study the effectiveness of the treatment on the basis of drinking mineral waters, carbon dioxide baths and rational pharmacotherapy in children with environmental burdened chronic pyelonephritis, associated with violations of purine exchange, in the conditions of the Zheleznovodsk resort. Methods: Fifty children with chronic pyelonephritis with an environmental burdened anamnesis of 11-14 years were under observation. The method of simple randomization was formed two groups: control (25 people), which received traditionally accepted treatment at the Zheleznovodsk resort (dietary nutrition, therapeutic gymnastics, internal intake of the little mineralized mineral water of the Smirnov spring, carbon dioxide mineral baths), and the main one (25 people), where children received additional drug therapy with herbal medicine Canefron N. All patients were prescribed: ultrasound examination of the kidneys, clinical and biochemical blood and urine tests. Results: Comparative analysis showed that children of main group had a reduction of pain and dysuric syndromes, and in control group pain syndrome by the end of treatment persisted in 8% of cases, slightly more often preserved dysurian (16%) and asthenonneurotic (16%) syndromes. In children of main group, there was a significant decrease in daily oxaluria (by 39.2%; р<0,01), an increase in the rate of glomerular filtration (by 11.93%), which was statistically significant in relation to the data in control group, where there was only a tendency to improve kidney function. According to the data of the long-term results in children of main group, the number of relapses decreased by 2.9 times (p<0.01), while in patients of control group there was only a tendency to decrease this indicator. Conclusion: Comprehensive balneo- and drug therapy in children with environmental burdened pyelonephritis, associated with purine metabolism disorders, contribute to statistically significant to increase clinical effectiveness, ensures the long-term preservation of the achieved therapeutic effect. Keywords: Children, environmental burdened pyelonephritis, mineral waters, resort treatment.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF ANTIRESORPTIVE THERAPY FOR OSTEOPOROSIS IN MULTIPAROUS WOMEN
Authors:   Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Mukhamedova Ilyura Galievna , Razzokov Abduvali Abdukhamitovich ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Ekhsonov Abdushokir Safarmatovich ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: October 2019

Objective: To study the results of long continuous comprehensive treatment of osteoporosis in multiparous women on the background degenerative and dystrophic skeletal changes in the postmenopausal period. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 53 multiparous women on the background of degenerative and dystrophic skeletal changes in the postmenopausal period assessment in the dynamics of the level of Ca and Mg in serum, bone mineral density in the vertebral segment and proximal hip. Results: It was found that after 3-6-18 months of treatment in 41 (77.4%) pain relief was observed, in 38 (71.1%) of serum calcium and magnesium increased in the case. X-ray showed marked increased clarity of the contours of the bones of the skeleton and an increase in bone mineral density (BMD) at the level of the vertebral segment by 7.4% (р<0.001) and in the proximal hip 3.6% (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study show that long continuous intake of antiresorptive drugs contributes to the activation of the process of bone remodeling, prevent further bone loss and achieve non-osteoporotic T-criterion values Keywords: Osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone mineral density, postmenopausal period, calcium.
CLINICAL AND HEMODYNAMIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE INITIAL FUNCTION OF RENAL ALLOGRAFT
Authors:   Department of Organs and Tissues Transplantation, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Tagoev Sukhrob Khamroevich , Gulov Mahmadshoh Kurbonalievich ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Sharipova Khursand Yodgorovna ,   Department of Propedeautics of Internal Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Alimova Nargiz Amirovna ,   Department of Propedeautics of Internal Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: October 2019

Objective: To establish predictors of optimal functioning of renal allograft (RAG) and reversibility of cardiovascular disorders when comparing functional-hemodynamic indicators in patients with terminal chronic renal failure (TCRF) before and after kidney transplantation (KT). Methods: In the prospective (14-18 weeks after KT) study included 71 patients between the ages of 17 and 63 years (average age 36.4±1.3) with TCRF, which was examined by the Scientific and Practical Center of Organs and Tissues Transplantation Results: Found that recipients with delayed and slow initial function (IF) of RAG was older, and the values of the comorbidities – significantly higher (р<0.05) than any recipients with immediate (excellent) IF. The positive dynamics of structural and functional indicators are well expressed in recipients with immediate (excellent) IF RAG, which when compared with the group of recipients with slow-motion IF RAG, significant both in reducing blood pressure levels, heart failure, and in structural indicators. In recipients with delayed IF RAG when compared with a group with excellent IF, the positive dynamics of the initial structural and functional shifts in all indicators was significantly lower (р<0.05). Conclusion: Delayed and slow-motion IF RAG is most commonly observed in older age groups (р<0.05), with a high comorbidity index and with the initial high severity of CHF (р<0.05). Positive dynamics of the initial cardiovascular shifts and the degree of decrease in the severity of CHF in recipients with excellent (immediate) IF RAG are significant (р<0.05) compared to recipients with slow-motion and delayed IF. The results allow considering the age of the initial severity of the CHF and the level of comorbidity of the recipients, as predictors of the initial function of the RAG and the reversibility of the original cardiovascular disorders. Keywords: Kidney failure, renal allograft function, comorbidity, reversibility of hemodynamic indicators..
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MEASLES OUTBREAK IN KYRGYZ REPUBLIC FOR THE 2018 YEAR
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Niyazalieva Mira Suerkulovna , Isakova Zhaynagul Turganbaevna ,   Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology, I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Toygombaeva Vera Sadvakasovna ,   Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology, I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Zholdoshbekov Esengeldi Zholdoshbekovich ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy
Published: October 2019

Objective: To analyze the development of the measles outbreak in 2018 among the population of the Kyrgyz Republic to improve the prevention system in the country. Methods: An operational and retrospective epidemiological analysis of official statistics has been carried out. The diagnosis of measles was confirmed with the immunoenzyme analysis (IEA) using the Vector-Best IgM Measles n-905 test system. The genotype of the measles virus was determined in the laboratory of the Moscow Research Epidemiology and Microbiology Institute named after G.N. Gabrichevsky, the material served as nose-swallow scrape and urine. Results: A total of 1,005 cases of measles have been reported in the country (an intensive indicator of 16,10/0000), of which 515 have been laboratoryconfirmed and 490 cases have been clinically and epidemiologically interconnected. The areas of risk were Bishkek with an incidence rate of 57.2% and Chui region – 24.5%. Risk groups were children under the year of life – 45.7% and at the age of 1-4 years – 37.1 %. Risk time is spring-summer and autumn periods. The main proportion of patients were unvaccinated – 92%, of which 45% were children under the year, 21% – due to failures, 11% – with medical recusals and 5% – due to migration of the population. Conclusion: The presence of non-immune stratum among the population, formed by the causes of frequent failures, migration of the population and medical recusals, as well as in the conditions of the emergence of hospital-acquired hotbeds in the infectious and non-infectious hospitals have contributed to the outbreak of measles in Kyrgyzstan among the young children. Keywords: Measles, outbreak, morbidity, virus genotype, immunization, vaccination status.
SOFT TISSUE SARCOMA: A MODERN VIEW TO THE PROBLEM
Authors:   Medical center Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Benberin Valeriy Vasilievich , Bayzakov Beybit Tlektesovich ,   Radiation Therapy Department, Medical Center of the West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Shanazarov Nasrulla Abdullaevich ,   Medical center Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Zinchenko Sergey Viktorovich ,   Department of Surgery, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University
Published: October 2019

The review discusses the distribution and treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. Thus, about 10,000 new patients are registered in the Russian Federation every year; the incidence is 30 cases per 1 million populations. The age range of soft tissue sarcoma is on average 56-65 years with a peak in the age of 80-90 years. Fundamental aspects of the issue are illuminated. Thus, there are more than 100 histological types of soft tissue sarcoma; the most common include undifferentiated sarcomas, liposarcomas, leiosarcomas, synovial sarcomas and malignant tumor of peripheral nerve membranes. Considered issues of diagnostic criteria. According to the recommendations of the WHO to improve the accuracy of diagnosis in soft tissue sarcoma, the traditional histopathological examination should be supplemented with immunohistochemical and molecular methods. Studied modern approaches to the treatment of malignancies. One such approach is «Oncology Control», which means minimizing the risk of recurrence at the local and systemic level. Keywords: Sarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma , diagnostic criteria of sarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma treatment standards, , soft tissue sarcoma classification.
MODERN MEASURES OF ANTI-TB INFECTION CONTROL
Authors:   Department of Physiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Bobokhodzhaev Oktam Ikramovich , Avgonov Ziyovudin Tulforovich ,   Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine of Tajikistan, Sattorov Safar Saydamirovich ,   Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine of Tajikistan
Published: October 2019

For effective implementation of modern TB eradication measures should be available to data on TB transmission factors and epidemiology based on it pathogenesis, from infection before the outcome of its current. Review article reveals the modern requirements and methods of organizing anti-TB infection control. The results of the publications, their interpretation and comparison with the situation in Tajikistan are presented. The importance of following infection control measures at home, including the isolation of bacterioexcretion persons, timely verification of mycobacterium TB infection, vaccination and chemoprophylaxis to improve the TB epidemiological situation. It is noted that the evidence-based principles of preventing nosocomial transmission of TB infection have reduced the number of hospitalizations and minimized the duration of patients’ stay in TB hospitals, while increasing the cohorts of patients who are initially on outpatient chemotherapy. The review presented and the real level of anti-TB infection control in the Republic of Tajikistan, especially in the nidus of infection and among contact persons, indicates the urgent need to rethink approaches to preventing transmission of this disease. Keywords: Tuberculosis, infection control, disinfection , mycobacteria tuberculosis, immuno-diagnostic methods, prevention.
TO THE ISSUES OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF UPPER LIMB VASCULAR TRAUMA
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Karim-Zade Gulandom Dzhangovarovna , Malikov Mirzobadal Khalifaevich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Nematzoda Okildzhon ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Davlatov Abdumalik Abdulkhakovich ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Khayrulloi Narzillo ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Makhmadkulova Nigora Akhtamovna ,   Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: October 2019

The review reflects the most pressing issues of etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of upper limb vascular trauma. It was revealed that from year to year there is an increase in both the frequency and nature of vascular trauma to the upper limbs. Often, due to the combined lesion of the neurovascular structures, the victims develop partial or complete loss of limb function. Literature data show that factors of unsatisfactory results of treatment of vascular trauma to the upper limbs are the combined nature of the injury, inadequate medical aid in the stages of medical evacuation, transportation of the victims in a shock condition, as well as unreasonably carried out the reconstruction of the vessel. Due to the advent and introduction of modern diagnostic methods and new surgical techniques for vascular injuries of the upper limb, the frequency of amputation of limbs is essential. Despite this, a number of organizational and tactical issues in helping this category of patients need further solutions. Keywords: vascular trauma, ischemia, autovenous grafts, bypass surgery , stenting.
SURGICAL METHODS AND POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors:   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Salimov Dzhamshed Saidakhmadovich , Dostiev Ashur Radzhabovich ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Ali-Zade Sukhrob Gaffarovich ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Umari Ali Rakhmon ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Karimov Alidzhon Madzhidovich ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: October 2019

The review article highlights the modern classification of acute pancreatitis, indications for the surgical treatment of severe, first of all, infected pancreonecrosis, development and the contentious issues of this problem. As you know, all surgical interventions in pancreonecrosis are divided into two types: radical and organ-preserving. This article examines the results of both methods with an analysis of the frequency of postoperative complications after each. In addition, two different methods of operations, «closed» and «open» – were evaluated to drain extraperitoneal space, taking into account the area of the necrotic process. Described the prospect of using Embryonal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (ENOTES) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis, complicated by abdominal compartment syndrome. The frequency of intraoperative and early complications of «closed» and «open» interventions in severe acute pancreatitis, their recognition, prevention, and the choice is considered a method of surgical or conservative treatment. Keywords: Acute pancreatitis, surgical treatment, complications of acute pancreatitis, pancreonecrosis.
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Khamidov Nabidzhon Khamidovich , Khursanov Nazhmidin Mamatovich ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Lolaev Anvar Nuralievich ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: October 2019

The presented review of the literature examines the main issues of cognitive function in patients with high blood pressure. More than a quarter of older people have cognitive impairments, and hypertension is seen as a contributing factor to such disorders. An analysis of the effects of some hypotensive drugs on the cognitive functions of patients in this category is given. The findings suggest that effective hypotensive therapy reduces the incidence of cognitive impairment in given patient’s categories. Keywords: Arterial hypertension, cognitive function , old age, hypotensive therapy.
RETROPERITONEAL PARAGANGLIOMA: BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW AND CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Gaibov Alidzhon Dzhuraevich , Nematzoda Okildzhon ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Shoev Fatkhidin Sulaymonovich ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Goibova Zaynura Validzhonovna ,   Department of Cardiology with a Course of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan, Avgonov Umedzhon Makhmadsharipovich ,   Vascular Surgery Department, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery
Published: October 2019

The article presents a summary of historical data about prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnostic difficulties and possible treatment options for retroperitoneal paraganglioma. A special place is given to modern research methods in identifying and refining the genesis of tumour. The clinical example shows possible errors in both clinical and topical diagnostics. The need for preoperative preparation using selective α2 -blockers is justified. The tumour is removed from the middle-middle laparotomy access with a good result against the background of stabilization of the condition and normalization of the basic parameters of homeostasis. Histological research showed a mixed version of tumor structure with no elements of malignization. Keywords: Paraganglioma, diagnosis, treatment, selective α2 -adrenoblockers.
CLINICAL EXAMPLE OF ITSENKO-CUSHING DRUG SYNDROME
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Inoyatova Nigina Azizovna , Niyazova Nargis Fazlikhudoevna ,   Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Davlatova Parvina Abdukodirovna ,   Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: October 2019

The article describes a clinical example of the drug syndrome of Itsenko-Cushing in a patient suffering for 23 years of bronchial asthma and selfreceiving large doses of glucocorticoids. As a result of long-term therapy, this syndrome developed with concomitant complications such as steroid diabetes and glucocorticoid osteoporosis. In the description of this clinical example, special attention is noteworthy that complications developed as a result of therapy were regarded as a separate nosology, in particular, type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is emphasized that many specialists achieve remission simultaneously prescribe two or more glucocorticoid drugs with different duration of action without accounting for the development of the drug syndrome Itsenko-Cushing. In addition, the need for timely prevention of complications in case of inability to cancel glucocorticoid therapy is emphasized. Keywords: Itsenko-Cushing syndrome, glucocorticoids, glucocorticoid osteoporosis, steroid diabetes.
CHIMNEY-GRAFT TECHNIQUE TO TREAT A TYPE IA ENDOLEAK AFTER A PREVIOUS EVAR
Authors:   Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kalmykov Egan Leonidovich , Ahmad Wael ,   Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Majd Payman ,   Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Brunkwall Jan ,   Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne
Published: October 2019

A 73 year old man who underwent an elective EVAR procedure in 2014 for an infrarenal AAA presented two years later with a type IA endoleak. The CTA showed a distal migration of the proximal part of the stent graft resulting in a type IA endoleak. In order to treat this new diagnosed endoleak an endovascular repair using chimney technique (with a snorkel-stent graft in the renal artery-bilaterally) with proximal extension of sealing zone with an endovascular aortic cuff has been undergone with implantation of a stent graft in the right renal artery as a periscope and a chimney in the left renal artery. Subsequently, an Endurant II Aortic Cuff was implanted. The whole procedure was performed using CO2 instead of iodinated contrast medium. In the 5 month follow-up with abdominal ultrasonography no endoleak could be identified with stabilization of aneurysmal sac diameter. The use of chimney technique adds an additional tool to the armamentarium of endovascular surgeon to deal with the complex type IA endoleaks Keywords: Abdominal aneurysm , CO2 angiography , chimney-graft technique, type IA endoleak, periscope technique.
الدولة الريعية والاقتصاد الريعي بين اشكالية المفهوم وتنوع الخصائص
Authors: Al-Kawaz Saad M. , Hussien Abdulrazaq A.
Published: October 2019

هناك اجماع واضح بين المهتمين بهذا الموضوع بان الدول الريعية تعني ان الريع يؤول اليها مباشرة حيث تستولي عليه ومن ثم تقوم بتوزيعة سواءاً لافراد المجتمع و القطاعات الاقتصادية الاخرى ، ومن هنا عرفها البعض او اطلق عليها بالدولة التوزيعية او دولة الرفاه. في حين ان الاقتصاد الريعي يعني انه يستفيد ويستغل ويعتاش على نوع او اكثر من انواع الريع لكنه لا يعتمد علية كليا، كذلك فان الريع يؤول الى الافراد مباشرة ومن ثم الى الدولة بطرق ادارية وقانونية. من هنا تنشأ الاشكالية في مفهوم الدولة الريعية والاقتصاد الريعي، حيث ان كل دولة ريعية اقتصادها ريعي لكن كل اقتصاد ريعي لا يعني دولة ريعية. فمعظم الاقتصادات ريعية لكن ليست كل الدول ريعية ، والبحث هنا محاولة لتحديد ابعاد هذه الاشكالية ، وقد توصل الى استنتاج مفاده ان المفهومين مختلفين.
Parafalcine subdural empyema: The unresolved controversy over the need for surgical treatment
Authors: Prieto Ruth , Ortega Celia
Published: October 2019

Background:

Parafalcine subdural empyema (SDE) is a rare entity consisting of pus accumulating below the longitudinal sinus, between the falx cerebri and the arachnoid layer covering the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. Its treatment strategy is controversial, but most clinicians have the general belief that appropriate treatment consists of prompt surgery combined with long-term antibiotic therapy. Nevertheless, six reports published in the 1980s provided evidence that antibiotic therapy alone is a safe and suitable option. The treatment strategies and outcomes of the 31 well-described cases previously published, in addition to our own, are discussed.

Case Description:

We report a 21-year-old female with a right-side parafalcine SDE who presented with fever, headache, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and contralateral hemiparesis 3 weeks after undergoing sinonasal surgery. Despite clinical symptoms almost entirely abating after starting treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, magnetic resonance imaging performed during the 2nd and 3rd weeks showed progressive enlargement of the interhemispheric collection (from 4 cm3 to 30 cm3). We reflect on the treatment strategy chosen for this patient, who experienced a total recovery.

Conclusion:

A nonsurgical strategy for parafalcine SDE might be contemplated for patients with a good clinical condition and no major midline shift on neuroradiological studies, given their usual indolent course and the relative difficulty in reaching the interhemispheric fissure. Conversely, surgery should be contemplated when the collection significantly enlarges despite antibiotic therapy. When surgical drainage is added to antibiotics, broad- range 16S ribosomal DNA polymerase chain reaction of the empyema is recommended to identify the causative organism as pus cultures are usually sterile.
Lung adenocarcinoma presumed to be Pott’s disease in a 28-year-old patient: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Kessler Remi A. , Steinberger Jeremy , Chen Sabrina , Baron Rebecca , Caridi John M.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Tuberculous spondylitis (Pott’s disease), a common extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis (TB), typically presents with back pain, tenderness, paraparesis/paraplegia, and various constitutional symptoms. Due to radiological similarities between Pott’s disease and lung cancer, some lung cancer patients may initially be erroneously diagnosed and treated for TB, allowing for extensive progression of their cancer.

Case Description:

A 28-year-old male presented with a chronic dry cough, weight loss, and 2 months of increased back pain accompanied by bilateral lower extremity weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an epidural collection causing compression of the spinal cord at the T5-T6 level. The initial diagnosis wasMycobacterium tuberculosis/Pott’s disease. A thoracic T4-T8 decompression fusion was performed; however, pathologic examination of the tissue revealed adenocarcinoma. Postoperatively, after the patient experienced several episodes of acute respiratory distress and a tension pneumothorax, lung imaging confirmed multiple tumor infiltrates along with lung cancer extending into the thoracic vertebrae. Pelvic studies also confirmed the presence of pelvic metastases. The patient passed away 3 weeks following surgery.

Conclusion:

In this case report, a 28-year-old male was treated for thoracic Pott’s disease that proved to be metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. To avoid such misdiagnoses in the future, physicians should better differentiate spinal TB from other malignancies that may affect the spine. This study underscores the importance of obtaining at least a chest X-ray in any patient with suspected Pott’s disease, irrespective of age, to help rule out lung cancer or other pathologies.
A direct comparison of prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin in neurosurgery: A meta-analysis
Authors: Macki Mohamed , Fakih Mohamed , Anand Sharath Kumar , Suryadevara Raviteja , Elmenini Jaafar , Chang Victor
Published: October 2019

Background:

Several studies have confirmed the role of prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in neurosurgery; however, a paucity of literature has assessed its safety and efficacy versus prophylactic unfractionated heparin (UFH). The objective is to present a meta-analysis directly comparing prophylactic LMWH to UFH for the prevention of VTE in neurosurgery.

Materials and Methods:

Relevant studies that directly compared LMWH to UFH for prophylaxis of VTE in neurosurgery and/or spine surgery were identified by MEDLINE and EMBASE searches plus a scrutiny of references from the original articles and reviews. Three randomized trials were included in the meta-analysis. Efficacy and safety were ascertained per three primary outcome measures: VTE, minor complications (decline in hemoglobin/hematocrit), and major complications. Forest plot analysis provided odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), andP-values.

Results:

Of the 429 patients in the pooled analysis, the postoperative VTE rate of 5.6% (12/213) after LMWH chemoprophylaxis was equivalent to 3.7% (8/216) after UFH chemoprophylaxis (OR = 1.42, 95% CI 0.62–3.75,P= 0.308). Minor complications of 4.7% versus 4.6%, respectively, were nearly equal (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 0.41– 2.50,P= 0.929). All four major complications included intracranial hemorrhages: three after LMWH (1.4%) and one after UFH (0.5%) (OR = 2.32, 95% CI 0.34–16.01,P= 0.831). Tests for heterogeneity were nonsignificant in all three outcome measures.

Conclusion:

Rates of VTE, minor complications, and major complications were equivalent between prophylactic LMWH and UFH in neurosurgery. Further, randomized clinical trials comparing the two heparin products are required to elucidate superior safety and efficacy in neurosurgical patients.
Evaluation of ripening period, shelf-life, and physiological properties of Sobri (Musa cavendish) and Sagor (Musa oranta) bananas triggered by ethephon and calcium carbide
Authors: Akter Beauty , Talukder N. , Bari L. , Mohd Salleh Rabeta
Published: October 2019

The current work emphasis on the influence of using natural and artificial (ethephon and
calcium carbide) process on bananas by sensory observation. The objective of the study
was to evaluate the ripening period, shelf-life and other physiological properties of
bananas using the natural and the artificial method. Ethephon and calcium carbide with
different concentrations, heat, and natural process were applied for the evaluation of two
banana species. The result shows different shelf-life, ripening period, and physiological
properties of both bananas which were monitored through the physical appearance and
sensorial analysis. The ripening period and shelf-life were between 2-3.5 days in both
bananas treated with ethephon. For calcium carbide treated banana, ripening period
evaluated as 2-3 days for Sagor and 3-4 days for Sobri with same shelf-life duration
approximately 2-3 days. Ripening period and Shelf-life for heat applied both bananas
were about 4-5 and 3-4 days, respectively. Moreover, it is observed that naturally ripening
process took 5-6 and 7-8 days for Sagor and Sobri bananas, respectively with the shelf-life
of 5-6 days. Bananas (both) treated with ethephon exhibited attractive bright yellow color
and stalk color was green for Sagor while it was yellow for Sobri bananas. Calcium
carbide treated both bananas had same peel color with different flavor and stalk color.
Heat applied both bananas found with same peel color like light yellow, with little flavor
and green in stalk color. Overall, the effect of natural process is found to be better with
respect to longer shelf-life approximately 5-6 days, attractive flavor, and soft texture than
the artificial process. Among artificially ripened bananas the effect of heat process is
better with respect to shelf-life around 3-4 days and application of ethephon process is
better with respect to physiological properties.
Afinal de Contas Quem Sou Eu? Ah, Este é o Grande Enigma!: (Re)negociação de Significados na (Des)construção do Nexo Identitário como Professora-Pesquisadora que Ensina sobre Ciências
Authors: Silva Patrícia Petitinga , De Oliveira Andréia Maria Pereira
Published: October 2019

Nosso objetivo é a compreensão da identidade tanto como nexo de multifiliação, quanto conciliação das distintas formas de afiliação a comunidades sociais para entender como a (re)negociação de significados forja um nexo identitário como professora-pesquisadora que ensina sobre ciências. Essa é uma investigação qualitativa em que adotamos como dispositivo de investigação a história de vida, sendo a narrativa autobiográfica utilizada como fonte para a produção dos dados, os quais foram analisados segundo o constructo de identidade na prática, proposto por Jean Lave e Etienne Wenger. Para ajudar-nos nessa análise, fazemos uma interlocução com as Aventuras de Alice no País das Maravilhas e Através do Espelho, evidenciando o mérito do diálogo entre ciência e arte para a produção de conhecimentos. Uma vez que pertencemos a várias comunidades sociais, (re)negociamos maneiras de ser um membro em cada uma delas, (des)construindo uma identidade de afiliação, assim como criamos meios de continuidade entre essas comunidades mediante a reconciliação identitária.
Firma Kârlılığını Etkileyen İçsel Faktörler: BİST Gıda, İçecek Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: DİZGİL Eda
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı firma kârlılığına etki eden içsel faktörlerin
tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaçla BİST Gıda ve İçecek endeksinde hisseleri işlem
gören 21 firmanın 2009-2017 finansal tablo verileri kullanılarak panel veri
analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada kârlılık göstergesi olan değişkenler bağımlı
değişken olarak kullanılırken kârlılık üzerinde etkisi olduğu düşünülen içsel
faktörler yani firmaların finansal yapı, likidite ve faaliyet etkinliği
oranları ise bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kârlılığa etki
eden faktörleri tespit etmek amacıyla iki ayrı model kullanılmıştır. Model1’de
ekonomik kârlılık oranı, model2’de ise aktif kârlılık oranı bağımlı değişken
olarak kullanılmıştır. Modellerde kârlılığa etki eden faktörleri tespit etmek
amacıyla on beş farklı finansal oran kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda
model1’de ve model2’de öz sermaye kârlılığı, Net işletme sermayesi, kısa vadeli
borç oranı, uzun vadeli borç oranı ve alacakların ortalama tahsil süresi
değişkenlerinin ekonomik kârlılık oranı ve aktif kârlılık oranı üzerinde
anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Her iki modelde de kârlılık
değişkenleri üzerinde öz sermaye kârlılığı oranının pozitif bir etkisinin
olduğu tespit edilirken alacakların ortalama tahsil süresi, kısa vadeli borç
oranı, uzun vadeli borç oranı ve net işletme sermayesi değişkenlerinin ise
negatif etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür.
The Relationship Between Blood Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Tumor Size, Tumor Number, Macrovascular Invasion in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: ÖZER ÇAKIR Özlem
Published: October 2019

Aim: We aimed to show the relationship between blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio that is systemic inflammatory marker and tumor size, tumor number, macro-vascular invasion at the time of diagnosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: A total 48 patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in our study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the median neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio.Results: A total of 48 patients (11 female, 37 male) were included in our study. The mean age of the patients were 67.18±9.51 years-old. The median neutrophil to lym-phocyte ratio was 3.17. There were significant association between neutrophil to lym-phocyte ratio > 3.17 and macrovascular invasion, the tumor number> 3, the tumor size> 5 cm, Child-Turcot-Pugh score, Model for End-stage Liver Disease- Sodium score, C-reactive protein and blood sodium level (p: 0.005, p: 0.009, p< 0.001, p: 0.003, p:0.008, p: 0.035 and p < 0.001, respectively). Multiple logistic lineer regres-sion analysis showed that NLR> 3.17 was an independent predictor of tumor size> 5 cm and hyponatremia in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (p: 0.010, p: 0.012, respectively).Conclusions: The value of blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio at the time of diag-nosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was a good predictor of tumor size and grade of disease.
DergiPark Akademik
Authors: ASLAN Ahmet
Published: October 2019

DergiPark, Açık Dergi Sistemleri temelinde, ülkemizdeki dergilere
barındırma ve yayımlama hizmeti veren, dergi yayımlama sürecinin daha
kolay ve hızlı gerçekleştirilebilmesine olanak sağlayan,   Tübitak Ulakbim
projesidir. Bu makalede DergiPark ve Açık
Dergi Sistemleri (ADS) konusu ele alınmıştır.
Allozyme variation between South American geographic populations of Microctonus hyperodae
Authors: Iline I.I. , Phillips C.B. , Goldson S.L. , Chapman H.M.
Published: October 2019

Eight South American geographic populations of the parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae Loan (Hymenoptera Braconidae) have been released in New Zealand to help suppress the pasture pest Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) (Colepotera Curculionidae) Parasitoids from each South American population were released in equal numbers throughout New Zealand It was postulated that the population(s) best suited to the conditions encountered at each New Zealand release locality would eventually become prevalent there Genetic markers which will enable the South American populations that have become successful in New Zealand to be identified are being developed and this paper reports a preliminary assessment of M hyperodae allozyme variation Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) was the only variable enzyme of the six that were assayed and it exhibited variation consistent with the presence of two alleles All parasitoids from east of the Andes (Argentina Brazil and Uruguay) were heterozygous (MDHa/MDHb) while all those from the west (Chile) were homozygous (MDHa/MDHa) This corroborates earlier morphometric evidence of genetic differentiation between South American populations and indicates that work with additional enzymes should yield more markers
Toxicity of neem and pyrethrum extracts to adult grass grub
Authors: Qureshi M.S. , Jackson T.A. , Townsend R.J. , Saville D.J.
Published: October 2019

Grass grub Costelytra zealandica larvae damage pastures and crops by root feeding while the adult beetles can be serious defoliators of a wide range of plants Control of this pest with botanical insecticides has received little attention The objectives of this study were to investigate the direct effects of neem and pyrethrum extracts on the adult beetle A laboratory bioassay was used to test the acute and chronic effects of the botanicals over a range of doses by treating a food source (Pittosporum tenuifolium) with the extracts Pyrethrum had the faster action; at all doses beetles were killed within a day Neem caused only low mortality even at the highest rate Similar results were obtained when the bioassays were repeated using the same treatments for Smiths chafer (Odontria smithii) beetle Further research is needed on the practical implications of these results
Improving the pheromone lure for diamondback moth
Authors: Suckling D.M. , Gibb A.R. , Daly J.M. , Rogers D.J. , Walker G.P.
Published: October 2019

Pheromone traps have potential to assist with integrated pest management of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)) Trapping experiments were set up in brassica crops in Canterbury and Auckland to test the potential for improving lures for pheromone traps Catch was improved with higher purity of synthetic lures containing (Z)11hexadecenyl acetate and (Z)11hexadecenal and (Z)11hexadecen1ol (306010) The initial lures tested caught 75 of the number of moths caught in traps baited with virgin females This increased to 2047 using better lures Coupled gas chromatography and electrophysiology confirmed the presence of three active peaks from the chemicals listed above plus a fourth unidentified compound Traps with improved lures were used in a pilot IPM programme in Pukekohe and will assist brassica growers to minimise insecticide usage
A comparison of methods for trapping rice weevils in stored wheat
Authors: Van_Epenhuijsen C.W. , Bendall M.J. , Sartie A.
Published: October 2019

Rice weevils (Sitophilus oryzae) in bulkstored wheat grain were trapped over a 14week period to enable weevil numbers to be estimated Three different trapping methods were used a grain spear cone traps and grain probes The cone traps gave the best indication of the populations of adult weevils present in the grain although significant relationships between catch number and actual populations were established for all traps When juveniles were present in the grain none of the traps gave an accurate prediction of actual weevil numbers present The numbers caught in individual traps at similar population levels varied which indicates that several traps should be set in each grain lot to give satisfactory estimations of weevil populations The use of cone traps in commercial practice requires further investigation
Effects of flowers on parasitoid longevity and fecundity
Authors: Wratten S.D. , Lavandero B.I. , Tylianakis J. , Vattala D. , Cilgi T. , Sedcole R.
Published: October 2019

Conservation biological control (CBC) enhances biological control efficacy by providing pollen nectar shelter and/or alternative prey to biological control agents It is a fastgrowing subdiscipline of biological control with notable recent successes In contrast classical biological control in spite of its long history has not risen above a 10 success rate since 1880 and can have muchpublicised negative consequences This paper presents recent data on CBC research in brassicas in New Zealand and discusses how understanding and effectiveness can be improved The provision of floral nectar to parasitoids such as Diadegma can enhance longevity from two days in the presence of water only to 30 days and can lead to higher fecundity The paper outlines key research questions for the future
Biosecurity approaches to surveillance and response for new plant pest species
Authors: Stephenson B.P. , Gill G.S.C. , Randall J.L. , Wilson J.A.
Published: October 2019

There is a wide variety of organisms associated with plants and plant products A number of offshore and border measures are taken to exclude such organisms not present in New Zealand but some enter undetected Surveillance throughout New Zealand to achieve early detection and effective eradication programmes for all potential pest species is logistically not feasible and can realistically only be undertaken for targeted pests The National Plant Pest Reference Laboratory (NPPRL) conducts general surveillance activities but this usually only detects pests once they have established and dispersed in New Zealand The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) is currently investigating the feasibility of conducting targeted surveillance to achieve eradication for significant pests other than fruit flies and sees this to be a critical area for industry involvement Exclusion remains New Zealands best defence against plant pests
Tussock moth species arriving on imported used vehicles determined by DNA analysis
Authors: Armstrong K.F. , McHugh P. , Chinn W. , Frampton E.R. , Walsh P.J.
Published: October 2019

Egg masses of tussock moths are frequently intercepted at the border most commonly on imported used vehicles These have been assumed to be of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera Lymantriidae) However there are six other Lymantriid pest species with similar indiscriminate oviposition and overwintering behaviour that are considered to have the potential to reach New Zealand Unfortunately there is no accurate record of what arrives as early immature life stages of tussock moths cannot be reliably identified morphologically to the species level A molecular diagnostic system was therefore adopted for the identification of all interceptions During the period 20002002 151 specimens were intercepted on used vehicles from Japan and one on a vehicle from the USA Of these 82 were identified as gypsy moth 2 were other highrisk species (nun moth L monacha and white spotted tussock moth Orgyia thyellina) 6 were unknown species and 10 had no detectable DNA This information is interpreted with respect to the quarantine systems in place and the practical role of molecular tools for biosecurity
Development of simple models for agrichemical uptake into plant foliage
Authors: Zabkiewicz J.A. , Forster W.A.
Published: October 2019

Pesticide uptake into plants is typically reported as percentage uptake of the amount applied but in studies of the mechanism of cuticular penetration this approach has not been helpful It can be shown that relating percentage uptake to initial dose of bentazone applied to Vicia faba foliage cannot provide pertinent relationships that can be used to explain cuticular uptake mechanisms However applying the principles of Ficks Law and using mass or molar quantities does provide excellent linear relationships between mass uptake and initial dose applied Universal equations can be derived that relate dose uptake to initial dose applied onto plant leaves
Comparison of two methods for sampling thrips in nectarines in spring
Authors: Lo P.L. , McLaren G.F.
Published: October 2019

Thrips were sampled by tapping 200 nectarine branches and collecting dislodged insects on a plate or by picking 200 flowers (or fruitlets postflower) and passively extracting thrips using heat Both methods were tested in various weather conditions and at different times of day More thrips were collected by tapping branches than picking flowers/fruitlets particularly postflowering However catches from tapping were greatly influenced by wind speed; temperature had less effect than wind Picking flowers gave more consistent results during bloom than tapping branches and also collected larvae The age of flowers and their aspect on the tree did not affect catches Tapping branches was the better method for export crops where sampling needs to continue after petal fall The picking method is suitable where there is a greater tolerance for thrips damage such as fruit destined for the domestic market
New Zealand flower thrips and their impact on nectarine fruit diseases
Authors: McLaren G.F. , Fraser J.A. , Alspach P.A.
Published: October 2019

Insecticides fungicides and a bactericide were applied in spring 2001 and 2002 to nectarine trees to determine the impact of thrips (mainly New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus) on summerfruit pathogens Thrips numbers were assessed over 7 weeks from the beginning of flowering The insecticide programme increased the proportion of fruit meeting export standards for thrips damage but did not influence the level of either brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola or the bacterial diseases bacterial blast (Pseudomonas syringae) and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas arboricola pv pruni) The fungicide programme reduced the level of brown rot Cumulative thrips counts were positively correlated with levels of brown rot infection on the fruit at harvest time in 2001/02 (P002) and 2002/03 (P009) and bacterial disease symptoms in 2001/ 02 (P003) It was concluded that New Zealand flower thrips could increase levels of disease in nectarines but the value of treating with insecticides was not clear
The impact of early season insecticides on biological control of apple leafcurling midge (Dasineura mali)
Authors: Shaw P.W. , Wallis D.R. , Rogers D.J.
Published: October 2019

The fate of apple leafcurling midge (ALCM Dasineura mali) egg batches was monitored in spring 2003 at two apple orchards in Riwaka near Motueka Orchard A had received prebloom insecticide applications of chlorpyrifos and carbaryl for fruit thinning each season since 2000 Orchard B substituted these chemicals with the selective insecticide buprofezin and used benzyladenine for fruit thinning over the same period Predation and parasitism of ALCM eggs at orchard B resulted in lower survival of larvae and less damage to shoots compared to orchard A Ninety percent of ALCM larvae at orchard B were parasitised by Platygaster demades compared with only 3 at orchard A Heavy infestation of shoots by second generation midge larvae at orchard A resulted in premature termination of 69 of growing shoot tips These results suggest that nonselective early season insecticides used in pipfruit spray programmes may disrupt biological control of ALCM