bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un nuevo testimonio de la iconografía jacobea: Los relieves pintados de Santiago de Turégano (Segovia) y su relación con el altar mayor de la Catedral de Santiago
Authors: Castiñeiras González Manuel A.
Published: November 2023

Una reciente restauración llevada a cabo en la iglesia parroquial de Santiago de Turégano (Segovia) ha puesto al descubierto una de las más curiosas representaciones del culto jacobeo en el siglo XIII. Detrás del un altar barroco había permanecido oculto un peculiar muro absidal decorado con relieves. Éste está formado por un conjunto de lastras que representan un grupo de peregrinos que están de pie o de rodillas delante de la estatua del apóstol Santiago. Resulta muy probable que esta memorable composición se hiciese eco del nuevo escenario consagrado en 1211 en el altar mayor de la Catedral de Santiago así como de los nuevos ritos de peregrinación relacionados con él. Además, los relieves conservan una capa de pintura original que permite replantearnos la cuestión de la policromía en la escultura románica así como su comparación con los también relieves pintados del Pórtico de la Gloria.
Les chemins de Saint-Jacques. Une conception de sacraliser l’espace et le temps
Authors: Herbers Klaus
Published: November 2023

La guía del peregrino (Liber Sancti Jacobi) menciona lugares “que hay que visitar” –visitandum est–, confiriéndoles así una dimensión sagrada y contribuyendo a crear con ellos un espacio sacralizado. A partir de la comparación entre el itinerario descrito en el Vº libro del Liber Sancti Jacobi o “Guía del peregrino a Santiago de Compostela” de mediados del siglo XII y la peregrinación virtual propuesta por Felix Fabri, O.P., a las dominicas de su ciudad de Ulm a finales del siglo XV, se perciben diferencias en sus perspectivas. El autor del siglo XII describe una serie de lugares en el espacio, subordinándolos a la meta, único lugar para el cual desarrolla el tema de los ritos y el culto. El dominico alemán, tres siglos después, concede un mismo valor a todos los santos y santuarios visitados por el peregrino, y vertebra así una geografía que auna el espacio y el tiempo, una geografía hagio-cronológica de la Cristiandad.
Nationalism, Regionalism, and Faith in the Works of Emilia Pardo Bazán: St. James and the Pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, 1880-1920
Authors: Dunn Maryjane
Published: November 2023

Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851-1921), prolífica escritora gallega de finales del siglo XIX —ensayista, novelista, y narradora— escribió cuatro obras literarias en particular (Pascual López, “El Peregrino”, “El Caballo blanco”, y “La Danza del peregrino”) y ocho artículos vinculados directamente a Santiago de Compostela, al Apóstol y/o a la peregrinación. Estas obras, examinadas en conjunto, ofrecen perspectivas tanto literarias como periodísticas del estado de la peregrinación al sepulcro del Apóstol en Santiago de Compostela, hacen una crítica de la situación económica y política del país y su relación con Santiago como Patrón de España, además de arrojar luz sobre la actitud espiritual de la propia autora hacia la fe, la religión y la Iglesia Católica.
Una tabla de "Santiago en la batalla de Clavijo" del Museo das Peregrinacións e de Santiago, atribuida a Juan de Borgoña de Toro
Authors: Pascual de Cruz Juan Carlos
Published: November 2023

Con pocos meses de diferencia hemos conocido dos tablas de Santiago en la batalla de Clavijo relacionables con las producciones renacentistas de Toro, cuya iconografía resulta prácticamente inédita en este contexto pictórico. Aquí estudiamos la que pertenece al Museo de las Peregrinacións e de Santiago, estableciendo las características formales y de estilo que nos permiten proponer su atribución al pintor Juan de Borgoña de Toro, discípulo y colaborador de Lorenzo de Ávila, a la vez que glosamos brevemente los perfiles de ambos artistas.
Culto mariano e percorsi di pellegrinaggio: la Madonna di Loreto in Puglia
Authors: Egidia Laterza Laura
Published: November 2023

Según las crónicas de Giacomo Ricci (1468-69) y Teramano (1470-1473), en 1291 el santuario de la Santa Casa de la Virgen fue trasladado desde Nazaret a Tersatto en Dalmacia (cerca de Fiume), y de ahí desplazado el 10 de diciembre de 1294, una vez más por angelicales manos, a un bosque de laureles cerca de Loreto. Con el favor de papas, obispos y órdenes religiosas, el santuario de las Marcas se convierte ya a finales del siglo XV en meta de peregrinación europea. Desde ambas orillas del Adriático, el culto lauretano conoce una amplia difusión llegando de forma temprana también a Apulia, donde numerosos testimonios, no solo arquitectónicos y figurativos sino también documentales y arqueológicos, documentan la fortuna que dicho culto tuvo en toda la región desde el siglo XV al XVIII. En particular, el estudio del las capillas lauretanas de Apulia ha permitido evidenciar su estrecho vínculo tanto con los caminos de peregrinación regionales como con las vías pecuarias.
Aproximación a la topografía espiritual de Santiago en la Baja Edad Media: antiguas y nuevas devociones
Authors: Fraga Sampedro María Dolores , Ríos Rodríguez María Luz
Published: November 2023

En una aproximación a la documentación bajomedieval en Compostela, se constata una generalizada devoción a la Virgen, que hace de Santiago una ciudad mariana. La religiosidad compostelana combina tradición y renovación, destacando la veneración a santa María en su diversidad de advocaciones: santa María da O (santa María do Advento o santa María de Ante Nadal), santa María das Neves, santa María da Candelaria, santa María de Agosto (santa María da Asunción). Se aprecia la tendencia a una devoción intensa dirigida hacia santos muy populares de especial arraigo y tradición en Galicia (san Martiño, san Antón). Los santos mendicantes son poco invocados pero se reactivan devociones populares (santa Catalina de Alejandría, san Lourenzo). Estas devociones impulsan variadas respuestas socioreligiosas entre los fieles. Entre ellas nos hemos centrado en un ámbito hasta ahora escasamente estudiado, la luz y sus administradores (luminarias y luminarios). La documentación permite reconstruir este servicio: personas, materiales, financiación y gestión. Asimismo se obtienen referencias que permiten una aproximación a la topografía devocional de Compostela en la baja Edad Media.
La Puglia nel "camino de Santiago". Culto e iconografia di San Giacomo di Compostella in Puglia
Authors: Bianco Rosanna
Published: November 2023

El artículo analiza la presencia del culto e iconografía de Santiago de Compostela en Apulia, entre la Edad Media y la Edad Moderna, con especial referencia a las principales rutas de peregrinación, así como a las ciudades portuarias apulias. Documentos, tradiciones populares, iglesias, hospitalidad, infraestructuras e iconografía demuestran la fuerte presencia del culto en Apulia, así como su relación con la peregrinación a Tierra Santa. El trabajo estudia particularmente las ciudades de la costa apulia, desde Siponto a Brindisi.
Ante las puertas del apóstol. Las escalinatas de las plazas de A Quintana y As Praterías, en Santiago de Compostela
Authors: Cortés López Miriam Elena
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo plantea un repaso histórico de la evolución de dos espacios relacionados con la basílica compostelana. Lo hace desde un punto de vista diferente a lo que se ha propuesto en otras ocasiones: a través del estudio concreto de dos escalinatas que se convierten en el eje principal de estas plazas: A Quintana y As Praterías. La escalera como elemento funcional, conector de niveles y del entramado urbano. Pero también como pieza dotada de un componente artístico, rodeada de edificios monumentales. Finalmente, la escalera, próxima al sepulcro del apóstol Santiago, evocadora del monte sacro, se torna en un elemento cargado de simbología.
Persepsi Pengecer Akhir Terhadap Variabel Dalam Marketing Mix Pada Perusahaan U.D Salam Grup
Authors: Ismail Habib , Buya Al Ghazali
Published: November 2023

Perusahaan baik jasa maupun perusahaan dagang sangat bergantung pada marketing mix yang dijalankan. Startegi marketing mix yang diterapkan hendaknya dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan dari konsumen. Kebutuhan dan keiginan konsumen menjadi hal yang paling krusial di bagian pemasaran perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji marketing mix yang ada pada UD Salam Grup yang meliputi produk, harga, promosi dan distribusi. Metode dalam kajian ini menggunakan kuantitatif. Populasi 420 pengecer akhir UD Salam Grup. Metode pengambilan sampel non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga untuk sampel sebanyak 105 pengecar akhir UD Salam Grup. Hasil analisis data masing-masing variabel yang mewakili 4 variabel dalam bauran pemasaran atau Marketing Mix, yaitu: produk, harga, promosi dan distribusi dengan nilai akhirnya sebesar 4,045 sehingga dapat dikategorikan persepsi akhir terhadap variabel dalam marketing mix baik. Saran dari peneliti jika marketing mix yang diterapkan sudah baik, maka langkah selanjutnya ialah memotivasi pengecer akhir UD Salam Grup untuk dapat meningkatkan penjualan. Selanjutnya penelitian ini akan lebih baik lagi jika sampel yang digunakan bisa hampir mendekati populasi yang ada.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Financial Education Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Arie Rachma Putri  , Faizah Khotimatul Husna  , Habib Ismail  , Tutik Indraswati  , Safira Nur Sulistya
Published: November 2023

Dalam meningkatkan pendidikan pada anak, peran orang tua sangatlah diperlukan. Saat ini kehidupan anak semakin kompleks, begitu juga untuk masa depan mereka, sehingga apa yang ditanamkan dan diajarkan saat ini menjadi penentu kesejahteraan anak dimasa yang akan datang. Tanggung jawab orang tua tidak sekedar membesarkan anak secara fisik, materi dan emosional saja, tetapi orang tua juga perlu menanamkan nilai-nilai kehidupan sebagai bekal untuk perkembangan anak, seperti mengajarkan tentang kecerdasan financial pada anak dalam mengelola keuangannya dengan cara menabung.. Financial education pada anak usia dini perlu diawali oleh orang tua yang menjadi pendidik pertama di keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran orang tua dalam melakukan financial education pada anak usia dini. Metodologi pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan responden murid dan wali murid siswa Paud Kasih Ibu Desa Delanggu. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sebesar 87% siswa sudah mengenal tentang uang dan 80% siswa memperoleh pendidikan keuangan dari orang tua. Selain itu 86% siswa sudah melakukan aktivitas menabung dan 64% siswa memperoleh pengajaran menabung dari orang tua, sehingga nampak bahwa peran orang tua dalam Financial Education sangatlah penting.
Analisis Penentuan HPP dengan Metode Full Costing dan Variable Costing (Studi pada IKM Batik Ecoprint Lancar Jaya Abadi)
Authors: Prasetyo Iwan , Gunarti Septianawati  , Nanang Ari Utomo
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan biaya produksi dengan melakukan perhitungan menggunakan metode full costing dan variable costing. Jenis peneltian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif, dimana permasalahan yang dikemukakan oleh peneliti dilakukan analisis secara kuantitatif melalui perhitungan dan dilakukan analisis penjabaran melalui penjelasan yang telah diuraikan. Sumber data diperoleh secara primer dan sekunder, dimana data promer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara secara langsung dan data sekinder berupa buku referensi dan jurnal penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah HPP dengan menggunakan metode full costing Rp 341.100/lembar dan variable costing Rp 332.800/lembar sedangkan harga jual dengan profit sebesar 25% dengan metode full costing Rp 426.875/lembar dan variable costing Rp 416.000/lembar.
Kenapa Muslim Indonesia membayar Zakat di Lembaga Zakat Formal? Studi Kasus Muzakki di Jabodetabek Indonesia
Authors: Umar Said  , Awaliah Kasri Rahmatina
Published: November 2023

Indonesia sebagai negara dengan jumlah penduduk Muslim terbesar di dunia memiliki potensi dana zakat yang sangat besar. Namun potensi yang sangat besar tersebut belum bisa direalisasikan sepenuhnya, sebagaimana dapat dilihat dari pengumpulan zakat yang masih rendah realisasinya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi seseorang (muzakki) untuk membayar zakat di dua lembaga resmi sesuai UU zakat, yaitu Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) dan Lembaga Amil Zakat (LAZ), di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian kuantitatif ini adalah Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian yang melibatkan 213 orang responden ini menunjukkan bahwa dari enam variabel, yaitu religiusitas, pengetahuan, pendapatan, kualitas layanan, kredibilitas, dan pengaruh sosial, hanya variabel kredibilitas yang signifikan mempengaruhi intensi untuk membayar zakat melalui lembaga resmi di Indonesia. Selain itu, intensi juga ditemukan mempengaruhi perilaku masyarakat dalam membayar zakat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya peningkatan kredibilitas BAZ dan LAZ agar semakin banyak masyarakat yang membayarkan zakatnya melalui lembaga resmi ini. Sehingga ke depan realisasi pengumpulan dana zakat bisa mendekati potensinya.
Analisis Konten Pesan Penerimaan Diri @chriseldamd dalam Reels Instagram
Authors: Noor Afy Shovmayanti  , Faizah Khotimatul Husna
Published: November 2023

Media sosial saat ini merupakan platform yang paling banyak digunakan beberapa segmen masyarakat. Salah satu tujuan penggunaan media sosial adalah cara untuk mengekspresikan diri. Reels di Instagram dianggap menarik karena di dalamnya kita dapat membuat video yang menarik dan imersif. Pengguna secara kreatif dapat mengekspresikan cerita, membuat konten edukasi, dan membantu mempromosikan bisnis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pesan teks dari akun @chriseldamd dengan caption “Menangis tanpa suara. Bicara dalam tulisan, Menatap penuh arti” yang ditonton lebih dari 17.000 viewers, 889.000 likes, dan komen sebanyak 8.000-an. Video reels tersebut menunjukkan bagaimana Selda berproses untuk menerima kondisi dirinya dan mencintai diri seutuhnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah pesan yang dibentuk dalam konten tersebut menyiratkan bahwa proses penerimaan diri dibangun dari pembentukan konsep diri untuk menerima kelebihan dan kekurangan diri seutuhnya.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI BIDHUMAS POLDA DIY DALAM MENCIPTAKAN BRAND IMAGE PROGRAM APLIKAS E-DUMAS PRESISI
Authors: Asfarotun Naja  , Popi Andiyansari
Published: November 2023

Aplikasi Elektronik Pengaduan Masyarakat Prediktif, Responsibilitas, Transparansi Berkeadilan (E-Dumas Presisi) adalah aplikasi digital kepolisian yang dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam melakukan pengaduan penyimpangan atau pelayanan terhadap anggota kepolisian. Aplikasi E-Dumas Presisi hadir disebabkan oleh tingginya kasus yang menjerat anggota kepolisian seperti kekerasan, pungutan liar maupun pelecehan seksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan model analisis PII yang membagi analisis menjadi tiga tahapan yakni, tahap persiapan, tahap impelementasi dan tahap dampak. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah program aplikasi E-Dumas Presisi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada tahap persiapan, Bidhumas Polda DIY menentukan strategi berupa pengumpulan informasi mengenai program aplikasi E-Dumas Presisi. Selanjutnya pada tahap pelaksanaan menjelaskan kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam proses berlangsungnya sosialisasi untuk menyebarluaskan informasi mengenai program Aplikasi E-Dumas Presisi. Terakhir tahap dampak, yaitu keberhasilan dalam menciptakan brand image program aplikasi E-Dumas Presisi dilihat dari respon masyarakat dan kasus pidana di Kota Yogyakarta. Selain itu, Aplikasi E-Dumas Presisi mempermudah masyarakat dalam melaporkan tindak keamanan dan ketertiban kepada anggota kepolisian di wilayah Yogyakarta.
Udvikling eller afvikling?
Authors: Rostgaard Tine
Published: November 2023

Rehabilitering er blevet indført i ældreplejen som alternativ til almindelig hjemmehjælp og med det formål at udvikle de ældres funktionsevne i hverdagsaktiviteter. Indsatsen er dermed i overensstemmelse med principperne for social investering om at lade socialpolitikken bidrage til en udvikling af borgerne og en måde at reducere sociale risici på. Men rehabilitering er også indført for at holde udgifterne til ældrepleje nede og det i en tid, hvor især rengøringsdelen i hjemmeplejen synes under afvikling. Artiklen ser derfor på, hvilke konsekvenser den nye politik og praksis har for den ældre, der søger om hjemmeplejen ift. oplevelsen af ret til hjælp, og hvilken hjælp der er den rette.
Cohésion communautaire et distanciations socio-raciales dans la communauté francophone du Grand Vancouver
Authors: Delaisse Anne-Cécile , Huot Suzanne , Veronis Luisa
Published: November 2023

Les communautés francophones en situation minoritaire (CFSM) de Colombie-Britannique sont parmi les plus diverses du pays. Dans le Grand Vancouver, les immigrants semblent très présents dans les sites communautaires francophones. Cependant, nos recherches indiquent l’existence de distanciations socio-raciales qui fragilisent la cohésion communautaire. Cet article s’appuie sur les résultats de deux études : (1) une ethnographie critique sur la participation des immigrants francophones dans les sites communautaires francophones et (2) une étude qualitative sur la cohésion communautaire dans les CFSM. Nous proposons deux explications à l’existence de ces distanciations socio-raciales. D’une part, les inégalités liées à l’intersection de différents marqueurs d’identité poussent différents groupes ethno-raciaux à vivre dans certaines municipalités plutôt que d’autres, alors que les activités offertes par la CFSM tendent à être centralisés à Vancouver même. D’autre part, lorsque les effectifs d’un site communautaire francophone sont principalement issus d’un groupe ethno-racial spécifique, le site devient moins attrayant ou accessible aux autres groupes. De plus, les personnes racisées ne semblent pas bénéficier des mêmes opportunités de participation dans la CFSM. Une approche intersectionnelle est nécessaire, tant dans la réflexion pour comprendre les distanciations socio-raciales, que dans les pratiques communautaires pour y remédier et favoriser la cohésion communautaire.
Simulation analysis for the efficiency enhancement of Sb2S3 solar cell using SCAPS-1D
Authors: Oglah Mubarak Hamad , Mahmood Watban Ibrahim , Adday Nawras Basheer
Published: November 2023

The simulation analysis was performed to enhance the efficiency of Sb2S3 solar cells using the SCAPS-1D software. The Sb2S3 compound was used as the absorber layer in the solar cell. The simulation was conducted to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the results obtained from the program. The results were found to be in agreement with the practical results. The original cell�s efficiency was 11.47% with a fill factor of 61.18%, and after the simulation, the efficiency was found to be 11.43% with a fill factor of 61.2%. To enhance the efficiency of the solar cell, a reflective background layer (BSL) was added. Different BSL layers were examined, including SnS, Si, CIGS, CZTSSe, and CUSbS3, and the best reflective layer was found to be CUSbS3. The solar cell structure was designed as follows: glass/Mo/CUSbS3/Sb2S3/CdS/i:ZnO/AL:ZnO. After adding the reflective layer, the efficiency of the solar cell was found to be 20.59% with a fill factor of 87.53%. The results suggest that adding reflective layers to solar cells can enhance their performance and increase their efficiency.
Boosting of neural circuit chaos at the onset of collective oscillations
Authors: Palmigiano Agostina , Engelken Rainer , Wolf Fred
Published: November 2023

Neuronal spiking activity in cortical circuits is often temporally structured by collective rhythms. Rhythmic activity has been hypothesized to regulate temporal coding and to mediate the flexible routing of information flow across the cortex. Spiking neuronal circuits, however, are non-linear systems that, through chaotic dynamics, can amplify insignificant microscopic fluctuations into network-scale response variability. In nonlinear systems in general, rhythmic oscillatory drive can induce chaotic behavior or boost the intensity of chaos. Thus, neuronal oscillations could rather disrupt than facilitate cortical coding functions by flooding the finite population bandwidth with chaotically-boosted noise. Here we tackle a fundamental mathematical challenge to characterize the dynamics on the attractor of effectively delayed network models. We find that delays introduce a transition to collective oscillations, below which ergodic theory measures have a stereotypical dependence on the delay so far only described in scalar systems and low-dimensional maps. We demonstrate that the emergence of internally generated oscillations induces a complete dynamical reconfiguration, by increasing the dimensionality of the chaotic attractor, the speed at which nearby trajectories separate from one another, and the rate at which the network produces entropy. We find that periodic input drive leads to a dramatic increase of chaotic measures at a the resonance frequency of the recurrent network. However, transient oscillatory input only has a moderate role on the collective dynamics. Our results suggest that simple temporal dynamics of the mean activity can have a profound effect on the structure of the spiking patterns and therefore on the information processing capability of neuronal networks.
A novel method for estimating properties of attentional oscillators reveals an age-related decline in flexibility
Authors: Kaya Ece , Kotz Sonja A , Henry Molly J
Published: November 2023

Dynamic attending theory proposes that the ability to track temporal cues in the auditory environment is governed by entrainment, the synchronization between internal oscillations and regularities in external auditory signals. Here, we focused on two key properties of internal oscillators: their preferred rate, the default rate in the absence of any input; and their flexibility, how they adapt to changes in rhythmic context. We developed methods to estimate oscillator properties (Experiment 1) and compared the estimates across tasks and individuals (Experiment 2). Preferred rates, estimated as the stimulus rates with peak performance, showed a harmonic relationship across measurements and were correlated with individuals’ spontaneous motor tempo. Estimates from motor tasks were slower than those from the perceptual task, and the degree of slowing was consistent for each individual. Task performance decreased with trial-to-trial changes in stimulus rate, and responses on individual trials were biased toward the preceding trial’s stimulus properties. Flexibility, quantified as an individual’s ability to adapt to faster-than-previous rates, decreased with age. These findings show domain-specific rate preferences for the assumed oscillatory system underlying rhythm perception and production, and that this system loses its ability to flexibly adapt to changes in the external rhythmic context during aging.
Intramolecular feedback regulation of the LRRK2 Roc G domain by a LRRK2 kinase dependent mechanism
Authors: Gilsbach Bernd K. , Ho Franz Y. , Riebenbauer Benjamin , Zhang Xiaojuan , Guaitoli Giambattista , Kortholt Arjan , Gloeckner Christian Johannes
Published: November 2023

The Parkinson’s Disease (PD)-linked protein Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) consists of seven domains, including a kinase and a Roc G domain. Despite the availability of several high-resolution structures, the dynamic regulation of its unique intramolecular domain stack is nevertheless still not well understood. By in-depth biochemical analysis, assessing the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the Roc G domain, we have confirmed that LRRK2 has similar to other Roco protein family members a K
M
value of LRRK2 that lays within the range of the physiological GTP concentrations within the cell. Furthermore, the R1441G PD variant located within a mutational hotspot in the Roc domain showed an increased catalytic efficiency. The most common PD variant G2019S, located in the kinase domain showed an increased K
M
and reduced catalytic efficiency, suggesting a negative feedback mechanism from the kinase domain to the G-domain. Auto-phosphorylation of the G1+2 residue (T1343) in the Roc P-loop motif is critical for this phosphoregulation of both the K
M
as well as the k
cat
values of the Roc-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis, most likely by changing the monomer-dimer equilibrium. Together our data reveal a novel intramolecular feedback regulation of the LRRK2 Roc G domain by a LRRK2 kinase dependent mechanism. Interestingly, PD mutants differently change the kinetics of the GTPase cycle, which might in part explain the difference in penetrance of these mutations in PD patients.
Infralimbic parvalbumin neural activity facilitates cued threat avoidance
Authors: Ho Yi-Yun , Yang Qiuwei , Boddu Priyanka , Bulkin David A , Warden Melissa R
Published: November 2023

The infralimbic cortex (IL) is essential for flexible behavioral responses to threatening environmental events. Reactive behaviors such as freezing or flight are adaptive in some contexts, but in others a strategic avoidance behavior may be more advantageous. IL has been implicated in avoidance, but the contribution of distinct IL neural subtypes with differing molecular identities and wiring patterns is poorly understood. Here, we study IL parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in mice as they engage in active avoidance behavior, a behavior in which mice must suppress freezing in order to move to safety. We find that activity in inhibitory PV neurons increases during movement to avoid the shock in this behavioral paradigm, and that PV activity during movement emerges after mice have experienced a single shock, prior to learning avoidance. PV neural activity does not change during movement toward cued rewards or during general locomotion in the open field, behavioral paradigms where freezing does not need to be suppressed to enable movement. Optogenetic suppression of PV neurons increases the duration of freezing and delays the onset of avoidance behavior, but does not affect movement toward rewards or general locomotion. These data provide evidence that IL PV neurons support strategic avoidance behavior by suppressing freezing.
LRMP inhibits the cAMP-dependence of HCN4 channels by disrupting intramolecular signal transduction
Authors: Peters Colin H , Singh Rohit K , Langley Avery A , Nichols William G , Ferris Hannah R , Jeffrey Danielle A , Proenza Catherine , Bankston John R
Published: November 2023

Lymphoid restricted membrane protein (LRMP) is a specific regulator of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-sensitive isoform 4 (HCN4) channel. LRMP prevents cAMP-dependent potentiation in HCN4 but the interaction domains, mechanisms of action, and basis for isoform-specificity remain unknown. Here we identify the domains of LRMP essential for regulation, we show that LRMP acts by disrupting the intramolecular signal transduction between cyclic nucleotide binding and gating, and we demonstrate that non-conserved regions in HCN4 are required for LRMP isoform-specificity. Using patch clamp electrophysiology and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), we show that the initial 227 residues of LRMP and the N-terminus of HCN4 are necessary for LRMP to interact with HCN4. We also found that the HCN4 N-terminus and HCN4-specific residues in the C-linker are necessary for regulation of HCN4 by LRMP. Taken together, these results suggest that LRMP modulates HCN4 through an isoform-specific interaction involving the N-terminals of both proteins, and that this interaction inhibits the transduction between cAMP binding and channel activation via an interface involving the N-terminus, C-linker, and S4-S5 linker of HCN4.
Systematic creation and phenotyping of Mendelian disease models in C. elegans: towards large-scale drug repurposing
Authors: O’Brien Thomas J. , Barlow Ida L. , Feriani Luigi , Brown André E.X.
Published: November 2023

There are thousands of Mendelian diseases with more being discovered weekly and the majority have no approved treatments. To address this need, we require scalable approaches that are relatively inexpensive compared to traditional drug development. In the absence of a validated drug target, phenotypic screening in model organisms provides a route for identifying candidate treatments. Success requires a screenable phenotype, however the right phenotype and assay may not be obvious for pleiotropic neuromuscular disorders. Here we show that high-throughput imaging and quantitative phenotyping can be conducted systematically on a panel of
C. elegans
disease model strains. We used CRISPR genome-editing to create 25 worm models of human Mendelian diseases and phenotyped them using a single standardised assay. All but two strains were significantly different from wild type controls in at least one feature. The observed phenotypes were diverse, but mutations of genes predicted to have related functions in their human orthologs led to similar behavioural differences in worms. As a proof-of-concept, we performed a drug repurposing screen of an FDA approved compound library, and identified two compounds that rescued the behavioural phenotype of a model of UNC80 deficiency. Our results show that a single assay to measure multiple phenotypes can be applied systematically to diverse Mendelian disease models. The relatively short time and low cost associated with creating and phenotyping multiple strains suggests that high-throughput worm tracking could provide a scalable approach to drug repurposing commensurate with the number of Mendelian diseases.
Circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME promotes wakefulness under short winter-like days via a GABAergic circuitry
Authors: Chen Lixia , Tian Danya , Su Chang , Zhang Luoying
Published: November 2023

A cardinal symptom of seasonal affective disorder (SAD, also known as winter depression) is hypersomnolence, while the cause of this “winter sleepiness” is not known. Here we found that lack of the circadian photoreceptor
cryptochrome
(
cry
) leads to increased sleep under short winter-like days in fruit flies, reminiscent of the hypersomnolence in SAD. CRY functions in neurons that synthesize the major inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, including the small ventral lateral neurons which are known to be circadian pacemakers, and down-regulates the GABAergic tone. This in turn leads to increased neural activity of the wake-promoting large ventral lateral neurons, a subset of circadian neurons that are inhibited by GABA-A receptor. CRY protein is known to be degraded by light, thus rendering CRY to be functional within this GABAergic circuitry to enhance wakefulness only under short day length. Taken together, we demonstrate a mechanism that specifically regulates wakefulness under short winter-like days, which may provide insights regarding the winter sleepiness in SAD.
Stranger to Herself’: The Pedagogical Presence of the Other in Paula Meehan’s Poetry
Authors: Villar-Argáiz Pilar
Published: November 2023

In this age of globalization, interracial and cross-cultural encounters have become common aspects of everyday life. This paper aims to examine how Irish writer Paula Meehan engages in this global discourse of interculturality by articulating aspects of cross-cultural and inter-ethnical exchange. I subsequently link Meehan’s openness to cultural diversity and her alertness to the voices of the marginalised to the context of 21st century Ireland. The first section discusses Meehan’s subversive representations of the ‘internal’ Others of Irish society. Her depictions of otherness challenge the often rigid boundaries which define national and ethnic identities and open a liberating place which successfully accommodates diversity. The second section focuses on Meehan’s attempt to move away from the ethos of individual egotism which marks contemporary life. In particular, she advocates a model to confront the experiences of ‘foreigners’ based on the self-exploration of one’s own subconscious. In line with Kristeva’s argument, Meehan implies that discovering the ‘stranger’ hidden in oneself is an essential prerequisite to accept, in an unconditional and genuine way, the presence of external ‘Others’ in Irish society. While this can easily be dismissed as an abstract utopia, Meehan’s ideal becomes ethically and politically relevant in the contemporary context of a multi-cultural society open to large-scale immigration.
Agota Kristof’s The Notebook: Child Evil and Trauma
Authors: Contreras Ruiz Constanza
Published: November 2023

The paper gives a reading of AgotaKristof’s novel The Notebook regarding its treatment of evil and child trauma in the light of Sigmund Freud’s ideas, the concepts of Martin Stringer on urban violence and children, and child response to trauma as seen by Jesse Harris and Jon A. Shawn. Its aim is to pose the extremely rational and cruel actions of the novel’s protagonists as a defense mechanism against the traumatic experiences experimented in wartime. In order to do so, the paper analyses the Victorian archetype of the inherently innocent child, and how this conception is challenged in Kristof’s narrative by the possibility of the children being either intrinsically mean or deeply traumatized by the horrors of wartime; the paper also deals with the concepts of evil as a social construction and with the objectiveness of the narrative as a way of portraying rationality.
Duality, Paradox and Confusion in Joseph Conrad’s “Freya of the Seven Isles”
Authors: Stringer-O‟Keeffe Susan
Published: November 2023

This paper examines Conrad’s use of duality in “Freya of the Seven Isles” in relation to fundamental aspects of the text such as setting, narrative voice, characterisation and themes, and it explores the way in which the play on opposites creates a tension from the beginning between comedy and tragedy. The exotic setting in the Dutch East Indies, far from the rules of ordered society, in shallow waters between land and sea where sudden tropical storms are common, makes this account of diabolic revenge seem credible. The first-person narrator, whose ironic tone serves to free him from responsibility, as well as to distance him emotionally from the catastrophe, reassures us and alarms us in turn, revealing the contradiction between his original light-hearted view of events and his knowledge of their terrible outcome. Main characters form interchanging pairs, and all characters are paradoxical, so that they often misjudge each other and themselves. Although “Freya” is a love story, love and pride are inseparable, and pride perhaps has a greater role in the unfolding drama than love. There is also a close connection between pride and humour, with constant references to smiles and laughter, but little genuine mirth. Laughter has multiple functions, being used as a weapon or a defence mechanism reflecting ignorance, shame, fear and embarrassment. At the end nobody is laughing, except conceivably the scorned lover who precipitates the tragedy, and the reader is left ruminating causes and consequences in a tangle of possibilities.
One Ring to Bring Them Both and in the Darkness Bind Them: The Shire as Frodo Baggins’s Topographical Equivalent
Authors: Maira Margarita
Published: November 2023

This paper deals with the problem of identity and place in J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings. It attempts to show that the main character’s connection with his homeland is deeper yet than what is usually perceived. When comparing Frodo’s journey and the Shire’s development throughout the novel it is possible to see many coincidences in their paths. As a result, we may state that the Shire mirrors Frodo’s evolution. This curious discovery prompted the creation of the term “topographical equivalent” to describe their unique relationship. This, in turn, affects the hero’s journey, for when he reaches the Shire’s doppleganger, the land of Mordor, he is also facing his own. This encounter not only affects Frodo as a near death experience. It results in a painful extension of consciousness too, since the world is capable of containing an evil so opposite to his and his homeland’s natures. A change is produced from a local conception of place to a broader one of space. Both these traumatic events alter the hero. Furthermore, these consequences become quite revealing when trying to decipher Frodo’s strange relationship and final abandonment of the Shire after the Quest of the Ring is over.
Recent Advances in Open Inguinal Hernia Repairs: A Narrative Review
Authors: Kumar H. R.  , Soma M.
Published: November 2023

Open inguinal hernias are a common operation that is performed by general surgeons, and they are divided into mesh repairs and sutured based repairs. The Lichtenstein repair is the most popular mesh-based repair, and the sutured based repairs are divided into the Shouldice repair, Bassini repair and the Darning method. The open repairs are cost effective and associated with low complication. We have conducted this review article to look at the common operations that are performed. the recurrence rates and chronic pain.
Review of the State of Knowledge of the Flora of Vaupés (Colombia)
Authors: Herrera-Pacheco Mayra Alejandra
Published: November 2023

The department of Vaupés, located in the Amazon region of Colombia, covers approximately 65.268 km2, representing 5.7% of the country's territory. The department hosts a rich floristic diversity that plays a crucial role in the dynamics of local ecosystems. This richness gains even greater importance due to the ethnobotanical use by ancestral communities over time. Despite the increase in literature production on the flora of Vaupés in recent decades, there is a lack of an updated review specifically focused on existing bibliography related to the department's flora. This work aims to conduct a comprehensive review up to 2023 of the knowledge production in the department related to flora, using analyses of various indicators. Different databases such as Scopus, Scielo, WoS, academic search engines like Google Scholar, and repositories were used for the review. Two inclusion criteria were applied to the documents: 1) The documents had to focus on municipalities or localities within the department as the study area, and 2) The research had to be related to flora. Graphs and tables were employed for analyses to identify patterns and trends. In total, 92 publications related to the flora of Vaupés were identified, reflecting a significant increase compared to previous studies. Most publications were concentrated in the municipality of Mitú, primarily led by Richard Evans Schultes, who stood out as the main author with 49 publications. While the research article stood out as the most used form of publication, another significant source was gray literature, primarily derived from undergraduate and postgraduate theses. Ethnobotany and taxonomy emerged as dominant areas of research, encompassing 41% and 34% of the publications, respectively, reflecting the importance given to traditional knowledge and accurate species identification in the region. Temporal analysis revealed publication peaks between 1974-1984 and 2004-2014. The concentration of publications by some authors, especially Richard Evans Schultes, emphasizes the need for diversification in research perspectives. It is crucial to encourage new researchers and interdisciplinary collaboration to enrich research in Vaupés. Finally, addressing knowledge gaps in less-explored areas such as ecology, palynology, phytogeography, and plant physiology is essential for a holistic understanding of the department's ecosystem.
Hospital Prices in Medicaid Managed Care
Authors: Marr Jeffrey , Wang Yang , Xu Jianhui , Bai Ge , Anderson Gerard , Meiselbach Mark K.
Published: November 2023

This cross-sectional study uses hospitals’ self-disclosed pricing information to characterize Medicaid managed care hospital prices.
Lipid metabolism in B cell biology
Authors: Peeters Rens , Jellusova Julia
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the field of immunometabolism has solidified its position as a prominent area of investigation within the realm of immunological research. An expanding body of scientific literature has unveiled the intricate interplay between energy homeostasis, signalling molecules, and metabolites in relation to fundamental aspects of our immune cells. It is now widely accepted that disruptions in metabolic equilibrium can give rise to a myriad of pathological conditions, ranging from autoimmune disorders to cancer. Emerging evidence, although sometimes fragmented and anecdotal, has highlighted the indispensable role of lipids in modulating the behaviour of immune cells, including B cells. In light of these findings, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding lipid metabolism in the context of B cell biology.
Hacktivism
Authors: Carty Victoria
Published: November 2023

“Hacktivism” encompasses a number of different types of activity including cyberterrorism, spamming, Web site parodies, memes, culture jamming, and e‐mail bombing. Each of the above may include electronic forms of civil disobedience such as virtual sit‐ins, whereby occupation/blockading takes place in the virtual sphere rather than in a particular building or public space. They may also invoke Web site parodies, copying the graphic design of the original but altering the content, hiding the identity of the creators through the use of zombie networks. This entry examines how groups such as the Yes Men, Electronic Disturbance Theatre, and Anonymous all use hacktivism to pursue their goals via contentious politics. It also explores how hacktivism is challenging traditional forms of journalism and civil disobedience, and redefining the act of whistleblowing through groups such as Lulz Security and WikiLeaks.
Black Lives Matter Movement
Authors: Brown Melissa
Published: November 2023

The execution of 18‐year‐old Mike Brown by police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri, sparked the Ferguson Uprising. His death catalyzed an expansion of the broader Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement in support of Black victims of state‐sanctioned violence. The movement, initiated by the killing of 17‐year‐old Trayvon Martin, is rooted in a political legacy that derives from Black people's historical resistance to structural racism and discrimination. Black Lives Matter emphasizes how interlocking systems of racism, ethnocentrism, sexism, classism, and heterosexism differentiate the experiences that individual Black people navigate as targets of a police state. Black Lives Matter art and creative expression illuminate how the commercialization of popular culture perpetuates the silence and erasure of Black people's lived experiences.
Electronic Markets
Authors: Lehdonvirta Vili , Ramizo Godofredo
Published: November 2023

Electronic markets (or digital markets) are markets mediated by electronic communications systems. The term was originally used in management information systems to describe electronic procurement systems, securities exchanges, and other interorganizational systems. From the 1990s onwards, the meaning of the term expanded to include consumer Internet marketplaces such as auction and travel booking sites. Today, electronic markets also include smartphone apps that connect consumers to providers of goods and services. A popular explanation for the rise of electronic markets is that new information and communication technologies have reduced transaction costs, making it increasingly economical to use markets instead of hierarchies to co‐ordinate transactions. In the sociology of work, electronic markets are noted for their role in value chain restructuring and the rise of the “gig economy.” In the sociology of consumption, electronic markets are seen to play a role in changing consumption practices. Finally, the commercial success of electronic markets has given immense economic, regulatory, and social influence to the technology companies that operate them. Consequently, sociologists are inquiring about the implications of this power to market participants, consumers, governments, and other stakeholders.
Influence of magnetic field on a novel scintillation dosimeter in a 1.5 T MR‐linac
Authors: Oolbekkink Stijn , van Asselen Bram , Woodings Simon J. , Wolthaus Jochem W. H. , de Vries J. H. Wilfred , van Appeldoorn Adriaan A. , Feijoo Marcos , van den Dobbelsteen Madelon , Raaymakers Bas W.
Published: November 2023

For commissioning and quality assurance for adaptive workflows on the MR‐linac, a dosimeter which can measure time‐resolved dose during MR image acquisition is desired. The Blue Physics model 10 scintillation dosimeter is potentially an ideal detector for such measurements. However, some detectors can be influenced by the magnetic field of the MR‐linac. To assess the calibration methods and magnetic field dependency of the Blue Physics scintillator in the 1.5 T MR‐linac. Several calibration methods were assessed for robustness. Detector characteristics and the influence of the calibration methods were assessed based on dose reproducibility, dose linearity, dose rate dependency, relative output factor (ROF), percentage depth dose profile, axial rotation and the radial detector orientation with respect to the magnetic field. The potential application of time‐resolved dynamic dose measurements during MRI acquisition was assessed. A variation of calibration factors was observed for different calibration methods. Dose reproducibility, dose linearity and dose rate stability were all found to be within tolerance and were not significantly affected by different calibration methods. Measurements with the detector showed good correspondence with reference chambers. The ROF and radial orientation dependence measurements were influenced by the calibration method used. Axial detector dependence was assessed and relative readout differences of up to 2.5% were observed. A maximum readout difference of 10.8% was obtained when rotating the detector with respect to the magnetic field. Importantly, measurements with and without MR image acquisition were consistent for both static and dynamic situations. The Blue Physics scintillation detector is suitable for relative dosimetry in the 1.5 T MR‐linac when measurements are within or close to calibration conditions.