bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of sleep-disordered breathing on recovery in patients with “wake-up” stroke
Authors: Korostovtseva L. S. , Bochkarev M. V. , Golovkova-Kucheryavaya M. S. , Osipenko S. I. , Sviryaev Yu. V. , Yanishevsky S. N.
Published: December 2023

Background. Wake-up stroke (WUS) is often combined with sleep-disordered breathing and may potentially have a more unfavorable course.

Objective — to evaluate the association between the time of stroke onset and the pattern of sleep-disordered breathing, as well as the effect of wake-up stroke on stroke recovery and stroke severity in patients with ischemic stroke.

Design and methods. We included patients 18–85 years old with acute ischemic stroke admitted within 24 hours of symptom onset to the neurological resuscitation unit, and performed polygraphy within the first day of hospitalization to assess the parameters and severity of sleep-disordered breathing. In 2018–2023, 2122 patients were screened, polygraphy was performed in 639 patients, and data from 292 patients were included in the final analysis. Stroke severity was assessed using the NIHSS scale, stroke type was determined using the TOAST classification. WUS was considered when symptoms were detected upon awakening. Functional status was assessed by the Barthel index, and rehabilitation outcomes by the modified Rankin scale. The cumulative end point included death from any cause, new nonfatal myocardial infarction, new nonfatal stroke/transient ischemic attack, emergency revascularization, or emergency hospitalization due to exacerbation of cardiovascular disease.

Results. WUS was detected in 101 patients (34,6 %). The WUS group had more frequent diabetes mellitus and higher NIHSS (p = 0,021) and Barthel index (p = 0,026) at discharge, less frequent thrombolytic therapy and emergency endovascular procedures (p = 0,007) which in most cases was associated with hospitalization in time beyond the therapeutic window (p < 0,001). Endpoints were reached in 21,6 % with a median follow-up of 209 days. No significant differences were found in the main indices of sleep-disordered breathing in groups of different severity and pathogenetic type of stroke. The most significant factors related to Barthel index were stroke severity at discharge (p < 0,001) and age (p < 0,001). Stroke severity at discharge was most influenced by thrombolytic therapy (p = 0,006) and stroke severity on admission (p < 0,001).

Conclusions. Our study did not show the previously described higher incidence of sleep-disordered breathing in WUS. The best outcomes were in subjects who received reperfusion therapy. Patients with WUS should be hospitalized in a hospital where reperfusion therapy is available. Lower Barthel index values at discharge of patients with WUS may characterize their lower rehabilitation potential.
Effectiveness of a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide in hypertensive patients in real clinical practice
Authors: Luneva Yu. V. , Povetkin S. V. , Artyushkova E. B.
Published: December 2023

Objective. To assess the possibility of obtaining and the degree of additional antihypertensive effect, the dynamics of vascular wall stiffness parameters, vascular age indicators in patients with uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) when transferring from previous therapy to a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide in typical outpatient practice.

Design and methods. Twenty-five patients with 1–3 degree HTN who got a prescription of a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide (ARIFAM 5/1,5 or 10/1,5 mg, Servier) were included in the study. The follow-up duration was 2 months and included the following methods: clinical assessment (systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate), with titration of the drug dose every two weeks; double assessment (at the beginning and at the end of the study) of arterial stiffness based on the determination of the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), biological age of vessels using the VaSeraVS‑1500N volumetric sphygmography device, as well as quality of life indicators (SF‑36 questionnaire). The reliability of changes in the studied parameters during active outpatient management of patients was assessed.

Results. Combined pharmacotherapy using a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide was well tolerated by all patients. We recorded a significant decrease in SBP on average by 31,0 ± 10,6 mmHg, DBP by 11,0 [7,0; 20,0] mmHg, and the achievement of the target SBP level at the end of the 2nd month was shown in 17 (68 %) patients, the target DBP level was found in 100 % of patients. A significant decrease in vascular wall stiffness parameters was shown as a decrease in the CAVI index (p = 0,034), a decrease in AI (p = 0,0001) and the PEP/ET ratio of the Veissler coefficient (p = 0,009), as well as in the calculated vascular age indicator (p = 0,00001). Significant (p = 0,0001) changes were recorded for most data of quality of life (SF‑36) in patients with HTN, with the exception of the social functioning scale.

Conclusions. Combined pharmacotherapy of patients with 1–3 degree HTN with the inclusion of a fixed combination drug amlodipine/indapamide with prolonged release has a clear positive effect, i. e. improved hemodynamic parameters, a significant reduction in vascular stiffness, a decrease in vascular age and improved quality of life.
The Protection of Islamic Women in Indonesia: Evaluation of Polygamy Sanctions and Its Implications
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Desminar  , Syaflin Halim  , Mursal  , Naska Isral
Published: December 2023

The background of polygamy in Indonesia involves complexity in protecting women, especially economic, social, and psychological disparities. The practice of polygamy reflects the uncertainty of marriage and divorce regulations, giving rise to negative impacts on women and children, including conflict and domestic violence. The protection of women requires legal reform, an educational approach, and active community involvement to overcome injustice in the practice of polygamy. This research aims to understand the phenomenon of women's protection in the context of polygamy in Indonesia with a focus on the city of Padang. Primary data was collected through interviews and observations using qualitative descriptive methods, while secondary data from various literature reviews was analyzed using data description and conclusion-drawing techniques. Women who are polygamous face verbal, nonverbal, and physical pressure. Even though there are religious and legal regulations, the effectiveness of sanctions in Indonesia is still low. Solutions include education, unconditional denial of consent, and legal protection, while spiritual experts face challenges resulting from societal misunderstanding and intimidation from prospective husbands.
Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of the reindeer herd of the Yamal Experimental Station
Authors: Nikolaev S. , Maksimchik M. , Loginov S.
Published: December 2023

This work is the phenotypic and genetic assessment of the reindeer herd of the Yamal Experimental Station being a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center Tyumen Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The study population is shown to have all the external characteristics of the Nenets breed but genetically has the high level of allelic diversity, surpasses other populations of reindeer by the observed and expected heterozygosity, demonstrates minimum positive values of the fixation index. By the component analysis, the studied herd is similar to the animals of the Komi Republic and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and differs from other reindeer of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The data obtained can be used for the development of breeding programs in reindeer herding farms of various forms of ownership which will increase the economic efficiency of reindeer husbandry.
The efficiency of carbetocin for correction of the reproductive function of sow pigs
Authors: Filatov A. , Minin A. , Sapozhnikov A.
Published: December 2023

The article shows the efficiency of the preparation carbetocin during the postpartum period in highly productive sows. The use of a prolonged form of oxytocin in postpartum animals activates the contractile activity of smooth muscle structures of the myometrium. Against this background, we record a 2.57-fold decrease in the incidence of postpartum endometritis and postpartum dysgalactia of sows. The young animals have then high viability and growth energy values. After weaning of piglets, the breeding stock quickly restores the sexual cycle. The efficiency of insemination is comparatively high.
Influence of plant growth regulators on the ability of strawberry varieties to form runners in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of Bashkortostan
Authors: Zaripova V.
Published: December 2023

This work aims at the influence of plant growth regulators on the ability of strawberry varieties to form runners in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of Bashkortostan. The plants were twice sprayed with Albit (0.6 g/l), Krezacin (1 g/l), Zircon (1 g/l), and control water. The use of foliar fertilizers increased the resistance of strawberry plants to unfavorable environmental conditions. The use of Zircon increased the number of strawberry runners by 1.1-1.4 time and the number of daughter rosettes by 1.1-1.5 time. The Asia variety turned out to be highly sensitive to the use of preparations; the proportion of rosettes increased by 27 – 54 % above the control. Under the influence of growth regulators, the Festivalnaya romashka (Festival Chamomile) variety had the largest proportion of plants with runners, up to 83.3 %.
Germination of rapeseed under continuous LED lighting in the modes of low-energy photon fluxes of monochromatic radiation
Authors: Zelenkov V. , Latushkin V. , Karpachev V. , Vernik P. , Gavrilov S. , Ivanova M.
Published: December 2023

In order to study the effect of low-energy monochrome radiation on the germination of rapeseed of the new variety Antares, the authors used light-emitting diodes of blue (440 nm), green (525 nm), red (660 nm) and far red (730 nm) light, as well as those of UV-A radiation (380 nm) with an intensity of 0.367–6.904 µmol/m2* s on different spectra. Different types of monochrome radiation affected the germination of seeds and the growth of sprouts in different ways. According to the indicators of germination energy, seed germination, weight of 100 sprouts, and yield of green mass, the best results were obtained when germinating using the green light. Based on experimental data, the patent was issued for the invention “The activation method of rapeseed germination under monospectral illumination”. Irradiation of seeds with the monochrome far-red light significantly reduced the germination ability and yield of sprouts.
Evaluation of the productivity and quality of cock’s foot selection numbers
Authors: Kosolapova T.
Published: December 2023

Cock’s foot as an early-ripening, highly nutritious cereal is a valuable fodder crop being demanded in fodder production. Under favorable environmental conditions of moisture and nutrition, this crop becomes a complete feed with an average energy nutrition of more than 10 MJ of exchangeable energy in 1 kg of dry matter and a crude protein content of 17-19 %. The aim of our study was to investigate and isolate promising selection numbers with high yields of dry matter, good quality of fodder with the highly adaptive resistance to various abiotic and biotic stress factors. The study material was four promising selection numbers in the breeding nursery as SN 10/18 (control), SN 5/18, SN 8/18, and SN 16/18. In three investigation years, we gave prominence by fodder productivity to selection samples SN 8/18 and SN 5/18, dry matter of which yielded 25.4 and 20.4 t/ha exceeding the control sample (19.2 t/ha) by 6.2 and 1.2 t/ha or 32.3 % and 6.3 %, respectively. The crude protein content in dry matter of the studied numbers ranged from 12.7 to 13.5 %. According to this indicator, the selection samples surpassed the control (12.3 %). The highest indicator value was found for SN 16/18. SN 8/18 was best in terms of crude protein yields summarized for three years (3.3 t/ha). The selection samples that showed high results in the experiment will be involved into the breeding process as sources of economically valuable traits.
The efficiency of sluicing of old-arable depleted peatlands depending on weather conditions during cultivation of perennial grasses
Authors: Ulanov N.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the efficiency of sluicing of depleted peatlands with reference to the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) during cultivation of perennial grasses against the various agricultural background for the period from 2014 to 2022. The sluicing efficiency, expressed as an increase in yield, is 30-40 % at HTC<1 without application of mineral fertilizers. After fertilizing, the efficiency of sluicing increases by 2 times.
Mortellaro’s disease: cattle morbidity and treatment experience in farms in the Krasnoyarsk Territory
Authors: Vahrusheva T.
Published: December 2023

Mortellaro’s disease is one of the most common hoof pathologies in cows of bacterial etiology. The paper presents the analysis results of the incidence, etiology and efficiency of preventive and curative interventions for Mortellaro’s disease in cattle in the conditions of farms in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. This disease was identified for 20.5 % of animals with hoof pathologies. The high morbidity level of Mortellaro’s disease is associated with errors in preventive measures. The main reason for the occurrence of disease is the lack of proper exercise for cows and the ignorance of zoo-hygienic standards for cow keeping. The applied pathology treatment regimens, including etiotropic, symptomatic and pathogenetic therapies, were found for the high efficiency.
Milk productivity and reproductive qualities of different-aged Holstein cows in conditions of a robotic farm
Authors: Kulibekov K.
Published: December 2023

The high potential of milk productivity, especially together with the individual milk production technology, is an indispensable condition for the successful operation of large robotic livestock complexes as soon as these complexes sum up the total production and the milk yields. Therefore, this work studies the issues of assessing the milk productivity and reproductive qualities of different-aged Holstein cows in conditions of a robotic farm.
A Sudden Complication: Electrocute-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Yıldırım Burak Oğulcan
Published: December 2023

The most serious complications developing after an electric shock are cardiac arrhythmias, skin lesions, and multiple organ injuries after a fall from heights. Although mortality due to high-voltage electric shocks is higher, low-voltage electrical shocks can cause cardiac complications. Of the cardiac complications due to electric shock, myocardial necrosis, and ventricular arrhythmias are more common. Although rarer than ventricular arrhythmias, supraventricular arrhythmias can also occur. However, the mechanism of developing arrhythmias after electric shocks cannot be completely explained. In this present case report, AF with rapid ventricular response which developed after a 380-volt electrical shock in a 42-year-old male patient with no risk factors for AF will be discussed.
Assessment of Quality of Lıfe in Patients with Anorectal Malformations
Authors: Altınok Volkan , Temir Zehra Günyüz
Published: December 2023

Objective: Our main purpose in this study is to examine the effects of patients on their quality of life (QOL) according to anorectal malformations (ARM) types, and to compare them to patients with stool incontinence in the healthy population.
Methods: The research group was selected from 116 patients who were operated due to ARM between 2004-2018 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, in University of Health Science İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital. The control group was composed of 12 participants among 348 children between the ages 5-15 who were operated for phimosis in 2018 -2019. Fecal Incontinence Related Life Quality Questionnaire (QQVCFCA) scales were applied to both groups. SPSS 22.0 program was used.
Results: The research group was completed with 75 participants and the control group with 12 participants. The QQVCFCA score of the low-type ARM was significantly higher than the participants with the high-type ARM (p
Freedom of Research Creativity as a Factor in Ensuring Russia’s Technological Sovereignty
Authors: Lapaeva Valentina
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities for the fullest possible implementation of the provision on freedom of research creativity enshrined in Part 1 of Article 44 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Freedom of academic creativity is considered as one of the most important factors in ensuring the technological sovereignty of Russia. It is not given due attention by government authorities. From these standpoints, the author substantiates the thesis that freedom of scholarly creativity presupposes such an interpretation of the right to science, which includes, among other things, the obligation of the state to promote the development of science. Based on the method of legal and dogmatic interpretation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, some directions for developing the right to science and filling it with specific legal content are determined. The idea of adopting a special code of laws on science as well as research and technological activities is substantiated. It would turn all legal regulations of this area into a single internally consistent framework. Special attention is paid to the role of international regulatory regimes of “soft law” as a factor influencing the research and technological policy of Russia and the need to take organizational measures for a more active inclusion of Russian researchers in the formation of global, regional and national agendas on relevant issues.
The Current State of Amateur Initiatives in the Field of Astronomy
Authors: Rassolova Elena , Galkin Konstantin
Published: December 2023

The article examines the features of amateur astronomy and various initiatives and shows the connection between amateur science and professional science. The research analyzes scientific publications of Russian and foreign authors on various initiatives of amateur astronomy. A total of 500 publications were studied. The method of analysis is content analysis. The purpose of the study is to examine the current state of amateur astronomical initiatives and analyze how such initiatives are related to professional research. Relying on the analysis of publications, we have identified three types that characterize the current state of amateur astronomical initiatives and interactions between professional scientists and amateurs. Each type has its specifics of communication and organization of amateur communities. It is also characterized by a certain degree of openness or closeness of such communities. Also, the study analyzes the specifics of the development of amateur astronomy. Amateur astronomy is considered as one of the oldest areas of active cooperation between professional scientists and enthusiastic researchers. The study shows that such amateur initiatives are of great importance for the applied sector of science, the development of new ideas and progress in the scientific field.
Universities in Transition to a New Model of Technological Development
Authors: Dezhina Irina , Ponomarev Alexey
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the attributes of emerging model of technological development in Russia, focused on ensuring technological sovereignty. In this context, we discuss new activities of leading universities aimed at ensuring technological self-sufficiency. According to the legal base, the government will be ensuring technological sovereignty due to creation of so called “own development lines”. This is a new term in the Russian science and technology policy, meaning a set of measures (projects, programs) and conditions that guarantee the creation and sustainable development of original domestic technologies and products.
We show that in the forming model of technological development universities begin to perform several new functions. The first is the emergence of inter-university initiatives of leading universities, when they jointly with companies form technological programs of national scale and level. The new activity lays the foundation for the change of technology generations that should take place within 5–10 years. The second is the transition of leading universities to participation, jointly with companies, in technology development at later stages of innovation circle. In addition, a number of universities have started to set up pilot production facilities. These facilities make it possible to test new technologies and products and simultaneously they become a source of additional income for further research and development.
However, the potential of inter-university initiatives and of pilot production facilities are not yet considered at the state level as strategic directions of university development. Governmental measures are aimed at strengthening only traditional areas of university activity.
State Innovation Policy and Narrative Economics
Authors: Volchik Vyacheslav , Shiriaev Igor
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to identify the features of the Russian innovation policy, its main directions and debatable issues. It is based on a review of narratives about the Russian innovation system in transcripts of the sessions of the State Duma. The methodological basis of the study is narrative economics according to Robert Shiller. We used methods of narrative economics and content analysis, a graphical method for displaying collected data. The empirical basis of the study is transcripts of the sessions of the State Duma. Transcripts of sessions can serve as a complement to such sources of narratives as publications in the media, books, interviews and focus groups that are traditionally used in narrative economics. Specific transcripts for the study were selected on the basis of the criterion purposeful sampling; the criterion was the presence of such phrases as “innovation system”, “innovative action”, “innovative enterprise”, “innovative products”, “innovative technologies”, “innovative economy”, “innovative activity”, “innovative policy”, “innovation implementation” and “innovation support” in the text of the transcripts. Transcripts that did not contain any of the specified phrases were excluded from the sample. The selected transcripts were analyzed in a manner similar to the PRISMA systematic literature review method. The article shows the dynamics of discussions of issues related to the Russian innovation system in the State Duma. Qualitative research methods are used for a more in-depth study of narratives in the transcripts. The task at this stage is to identify ideas about the Russian innovation system which are discussed and implemented in the field of legislation and public administration. The main features of public policy are illustrated with examples of narratives. As a result of the study, it is shown that the state policy pays great attention to the development of the Russian innovation system. At the same time, there are a number of debatable questions regarding the choice of optimal policy actions. In the narratives, assessments of the performance of the policy pursued in the past are also ambiguous.
Ethnic identity and tolerance in a multicultural society: an all-Russian perspective and research in Kabardino-Balkaria
Authors: Ryzhova Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the study of ethnic identity and ethnic tolerance as significant elements of the mass consciousness of Russians. The empirical basis is provided by representative sociological research conducted in the Russian Federation, data from the «Public Opinion» Foundation, and research conducted in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, along with in-depth interviews with experts from Kabardino-Balkaria. It is noted that the ethnic diversity in the Russian Federation is enshrined in the public and doctrinal discourse, reflected in the Constitution of the country, and the Strategy of State National Policy. Research shows that while there is a high level of ethnic identity among Russians, there is also a high level of interethnic tolerance, which is necessary for fostering processes of nationwide consolidation. The most significant indicator of interethnic tolerance is the perception that violence in resolving interethnic and interreligious conflicts is unacceptable. Disrupting the established consensus could occur through the breach of fairness in interethnic relations. From 2010 to 2021, Russian society moved towards embracing the multinational character of Russia, with the level of positive assessments of Russian multi-ethnicity rising from 34% to 52%. Normative interethnic tolerance, expressed through the willingness to accept people of different nationalities as citizens of the Russian Federation and residents of their own region (republic, region, city, town, or village), exceeds 70%. Ethnic identity and interethnic tolerance can be viewed as stable dominants of mass consciousness firmly rooted in the realm of beliefs, social practices, and social institutions, actively influencing nation-building processes and national-civic consolidation. The conclusion is that unique models and formats of nationbuilding are emerging in the regions of Russia, shaped not only by federal and regional policies related to ethnic and Russian identity but also by everyday, historically developed, and locally rooted traditional forms of interethnic (and interreligious) interaction and socio-normative practices of interethnic tolerance.
Features of interethnic relations in the perceptions of residents of a multiethnic region (a case study of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic)
Authors: Shchegolkova Elena
Published: December 2023

The aim of this article is to present the results of an analysis of interethnic relations among the population of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, with a focus on identifying local peculiarities and key trends in everyday life that impact ethnic interactions. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive approach to the study of the phenomenon of interethnic relations in a comparative context. For the purposes of this research, this approach combines quantitative and qualitative methods of sociology, statistical data, elements of expert analysis, and personal interviews in various situations. The integration of qualitative and quantitative strategies allows us to examine interethnic relations in the republic from different perspectives. Comparative sociological analysis reveals the spatial levels of interethnic relations and the extent to which they are influenced by specific local-territorial contexts. The use of data from mass republican surveys and materials from interviews and group discussions has enabled the presentation of assessments of interethnic relations, the analysis of the specifics of ethno-cultural composition and land use, the historical memory of the people, the features of ethnic self-awareness, and issues related to ethnic representation. The heterogeneity of the socio-economic space, varying levels of urbanisation in the territory, persistent unemployment levels, and active migration processes were taken into account as circumstances that influence the interethnic climate in the republic. The analysis conducted revealed specific regional features and issues that directly and indirectly determine the level of interethnic tension and stimulate mobilisation strategies. The obtained results can be a part of the social diagnosis of development resources for the republic within the multiethnic North Caucasus macro-region and the development of an effective strategy for regulating interethnic relations that meet the needs and interests of the residents of Kabardino-Balkaria.
On the Consolidation of Society in the Context of Geopolitical Tensions (Based on Research in the Vologda Region)
Authors: Kosygina Ksenia
Published: December 2023

The article addresses the issue of societal consolidation viewed through the lens of public opinion within a regional community amidst a new reality shaped by a special military operation in Ukraine (SMO), intensified anti-Russian economic sanctions, and deteriorating relations between Russia and Western countries. The author examines the nuances of studying socio-political consensus in the works of foreign classics of social sciences and humanities, as well as in contemporary research by domestic scholars. Based on a synthesis of approaches, the study interprets socio-political consensus (consolidation) as a state of unity in opinions and concerted actions of political and social entities regarding fundamental values, approaches to addressing socio-political issues, and goals for state development. The empirical foundation of the study consists of data from sociological surveys conducted at both regional and all-Russian levels. Additionally, the author analyses strategic documents adopted by the country's governing bodies in 2021-2022. The article separately examines the results of monitoring the economic situation and social well-being of the population in the Vologda region (n = 1500) and data from surveys conducted by VCIOM. The analysis of the data obtained demonstrates positive shifts in the assessment of the activities of both regional and federal government institutions. It reaffirms the consolidation of Russian society around the President, indicating the population's comprehension and support of the objectives of the SMO and country's strategic goals and the decisions made in both foreign and domestic policies. These reflections mirror the socio-political consensus within the context of the new reality. The findings of the conducted research have unveiled specific characteristics in the evaluations of the regional community within the studied subject of the Russian Federation (Vologda region). The data revealed a higher level of approval for the activities of federal authorities compared to regional ones. There's a noted expansion of public-state dialogue in the country, focusing on involving civil society institutions in addressing tasks related to safeguarding national interests and overcoming crucial socio-economic problems amid increasing geopolitical tensions. It was identified that a significant indicator of societal understanding of the country's leadership's chosen political course is the consistently low level of protest potential and a substantial reserve of patience, alongside growing assessments of cohesion within Russian society, an increase in constructive social activity, and the demonstration of active citizen consolidation.
Small Cities: Results of The Struggle Between Two Positions
Authors: Shirokalova Galina
Published: December 2023

The destruction of the USSR led to the deindustrialization of Russia, particularly in small cities, including the closure of agro-industrial enterprises closely connected with the disrupted agricultural sector. The reduction/alteration of the labour market in small towns and rural areas caused population outflow, fundamentally distinguishing contemporary mass migration. The scale of moving to gas and oil production areas and capital cities has increased. Significant regional disparities in salaries also became a factor, even seen in the minimum wage (MROT), upon which many calculations and allowances rely. For instance, in Moscow in 2023, it stands at 24,801 rubles, while in the Yaroslavl region, it's 16,242 rubles. The formation of a "service economy" in the guise of a "servant economy" (security, cleaning, resale, catering, food delivery, tutoring, etc.), often yielding good income but not demanding specialised knowledge, is another factor propelling migration from peripheral areas.

The depopulation of Central Russia, Siberia, the North, and the Far East, coupled with the loss of food security, demanded that the government formulate plans for the country's territorial development. This article analyses two development concepts characterising the discourse within the spatial infrastructure of the country. The first relies on the economic efficiency of investments in agglomerations and the unprofitability of supporting small settlements. Its proponents' arguments were most clearly articulated by E.S. Nabiullina in 2011 when she held the position of Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. This concept continues the traditions initiated by the "young reformers" in the 1990s: what brings quick revenue and reduces costs is considered promising.

The second concept is based on analysing the functions of small cities as elements not only of the economic infrastructure but also of the geopolitical, domestic political, geographic, and social infrastructure. The article particularly emphasises the works of scholars from related disciplines such as geography and economics, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the role and position of small cities within the socio-economic space of the country.
Innovations in the Russian School: Categorical Analysis, Social Realities and Barriers, Prospects
Authors: Matveeva Natalia , Zamyatina Olga , Mashkevich Anastasia
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify social barriers to innovation in modern Russian schools based on the analysis of empirical sociological material, to interpret them in the context of risks and consequences for the innovative development of the general education system. Preliminary to the analysis of empirical data, the authors conduct a categorical analysis of educational innovation. The need for significant improvement and expediency are emphasised as key characteristics of innovation. The innovativeness of education is considered in conjunction with the social functions of education and the professional activities of the teacher. The fetishisation of innovation and bureaucratic practices of managing it are justifiably pointed out as a source of social barriers to the development of innovative activity in a modern school. A relatively new contradiction in the sociology of education is identified between the need for innovative development of the general education system and the presence of social barriers to the innovative activity of all participants in educational relations. Based on the analysis of the results of a sociological study conducted by online questioning, the following barriers are identified: notional, conceptual, organisational, content-managerial, blurred perception of obstacles, professional overload, competence and information. It has been revealed that all the subjects of innovation activities at school act as social sources and carriers of barriers to innovation: teachers, the administration of an educational organisation, specialists from educational authorities. It has been determined that the impact of these factors on the innovative development of the general education system is complex and systemic.

Taking into account the high risk of their negative impact on the innovative development of the general education system, specific areas of activity for researchers and managers are formulated on a local, regional and federal scale. They concern the elaboration of the problem of innovation in the interdisciplinary synthesis of scientific disciplines studying education; development of targets, planning technology, determination of content and performance indicators of innovative development of the general education system in Russia; increasing the professional level of teachers and education managers for innovative activities; changes in the principles of innovation management in education. Systematic actions in these directions can minimise the negative manifestations of barriers to innovation and ensure a sustainable perspective for the innovative development of the education system.
The Basic Income Paradigm and Its Impact on Human Development Opportunities
Authors: Bobkov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2023

The actualisation of research interest in the issue of basic income is driven by growing inequalities in various aspects of people's lives and the unfair distribution of material and social goods in capitalist states. Providing a basic income opens up opportunities to enhance social guarantees and the standard of living for citizens.

The article examines the ideological paradigms of the social consequences of implementing basic income. It is shown that in capitalist states, this payment, judging by numerous experiments, is being implemented in transitional forms. Its introduction serves as one of the adaptive mechanisms for capital to adapt to the modern conditions of profit extraction. The antagonistic interests of ruling classes and the majority of citizens, as well as the fragmentation of the private interests of the latter, do not allow the widespread implementation of basic income in full accordance with its fundamental criteria. The main criteria include universality – payment to all citizens, unconditionality – payment regardless of employment and other characteristics of the economic and social status of individuals, and regularity – payment throughout the entire lives of basic income recipients.

The possibility of adhering to the fundamental criteria for providing basic income is justified in the implementation of a socialist paradigm for the development of modern states. It is demonstrated that in contemporary Russia, an evolutionary resolution of accumulated contradictions and a phased implementation of a new socialist development paradigm are possible. This could potentially be a chain of humanitarian transformations, conditioned by the circumstances that have emerged. The beginning of this transformation has already been initiated after February 2022 with the expansion of state ownership in key economic sectors, the introduction of state planning within them, the demand for new personnel prioritising collective and state values to address these issues. All this does not contradict the development of market sectors of the economy, oriented toward individual citizens' needs and the development of their diverse personal potential, as well as servicing state ownership in key sectors and facilitating comprehensive international economic connections.

Sociological research conducted under the author's guidance has shown that potential recipients of basic income in Russia confirm their intentions to develop their human potential and consider it advisable to conduct experiments on the provision of basic income.

In conclusion, it is concluded that the introduction of basic income, in conjunction with other instruments of socialist evolution of Russian society and the state, represents an opportunity for the development and realisation of human potential in our country.
Once Again about the Feasibility of Universal Basic Income
Authors: Zolotov Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

The article examines the problem of the feasibility of a universal basic income (UBI) in modern society/world. Three main aspects of this problem are formulated: the feasibility of implementing UBI, taking into account the relationship between the positive and negative socio-economic effects of this measure; the degree of compliance of UBI with the institutional system of modern society; possibility of financing UBI in the amount of the subsistence minimum. The controversial impact of UBI on public welfare, economic growth and the lifestyle of members of society is revealed. Arguments are given in favour of the compatibility of UBI with the functioning of the labour market. A conclusion is drawn about the potential predominance of the positive effects of using UBI in the context of an established understanding of development as a person gaining freedom. There has been a tendency to provide socially significant benefits (education, medical care) to all members of society, regardless of their income level. Using the example of family capital analysis, the illegitimateness of linking social security only with the task of poverty reduction is substantiated. UBI is presented as a logical step in the implementation of the trend towards universal social support. The role of the minimum wage (SMW) as a state-guaranteed basic income for a worker is analysed. The need to pay UBI to employees along with the minimum wage has been questioned. The difference is shown between the current practice of using the minimum wage and the implementation of the minimum wage as a form of UBI (earnings in the amount of a share of the minimum wage for part-time employment, the possibility of wage arrears). Measures to overcome this difference are justified (salary at a level not lower than the minimum wage, regardless of the amount of time worked, payment of UBI from a special fund during the period of arrears in wages, with subsequent reimbursement of these expenses to the fund at the expense of the employer).

It is proposed to include a state-guaranteed basic income as an element in all types of income from economic activity. Calculations are presented showing that the total costs of paying UBI in the amount of the subsistence minimum will amount to about a third of household expenditures on final consumption in GDP, that demonstrates the possibility of financing UBI. A conclusion is drawn about the fundamental feasibility of UBI in all aspects considered.
MINERALOGICAL FEATURES OF GOLD ORE MANIFESTATIONS OF THE SOLOLI UPLIFT OF THE OLENEK ARCH
Authors:   Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia, Gerasimov B. B. , Zhuravlev A. I. ,   Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia, Ivanov A. I. ,   Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia, Ivanov M. S. ,   Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with studied mineralogical and geochemical features of gold-sulphide manifestations of the Sololi uplift of the Olenek arch (northeast of the Siberian Platform) in order to identify their mineralogical features and prospects for their further research. The identical mineral composition of gold-sulphide formations developed by Early Proterozoic rocks of the Eekitian series and rhyolites of the same age gave reason to assume the simultaneity of their formation and to refer them to the general stage of ore formation. According to the established mineral paragenesis, described gold sulphide manifestations are attributed to the gold-quartzsulphide formation type. The discovery of gold sulphide mineralization in the zone of tectonic fracturing of Early-Middle Permian sandstones indicates the formation of ore occurrences in the area associated with the processes of tectonomagmatic activation of the Mesozoic. The identification of indicators of low-temperature hydrothermal processes as mineral paragenesis – mercury-containing gold, cinnabar and barite, testifies to shallow and low-temperature conditions for the formation of this ore manifestation. It was found that according to the Co/Ni ratio, 28% of pyrites (including gold-bearing ones) are associated with hydrothermal processes. In general, the detection of native gold in quartz veins in free form and as microinclusions and impurities in pyrite, as well as the discovery of relatively large poorly rounded attachments of gold to quartz in stream flows dewatering the studied ore formations, allows researchers to positively assess the prospects for further study of ore manifestations of the Sololi uplift of the Olenek arch.
ABSOLUTE AGE, PETROLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY AND ORE MINERALIZATION OF TIMOFEEV MASSIF OF GORNY ALTAI
Authors:   V. M. Shukshin Altai State University for Humanities and Pedagogy, Biysk, Russia, Gusev A. I. , Gusev N. I. ,   A. P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Published: December 2023

The paper gives new data on the geological structure, ore mineralization, composition, petrography, absolute age, petrology and geochemistry of Timofeev stock of Gorny Altai. The absolute age of monzogabbroes of the stock intrusion lower phase is defined as 397 Ma, that corresponds to the Lower Devonian. Nd-model age of protolith during melting of gabbroids composes 893 Ma, that is characteristic of transit zone from the Middle Paleozoic consolidation to the Altai – Mongolian terrain. According to the chemistry, the Timofeev stock rocks belong to the lime-alkali and shoshonite series. The geodynamic aspect of melt generation is interpreted by mixing alkaline oceanic basalts of the plume setting and normal oceanic basalts of mid-oceanic ridges that took place in the Paleo-Asian Ocean evolution in the Early Paleozoic. Samarium-neodymium isotopic labels of gabbroids indicate the proximity of their values to chondrite meteorites. The ratio of neodymium isotopes with gabbro age indicates that the isotopically varying earth’s crust, close to the depleted mantle, existed under the Korgon trough in the Early Paleozoic. The skarn-iron-ore deposit of the same name is spatially and paragenetically connected with the Timofeev stock.
IRON-ORE BASIN OF THE KURSK MAGNETIC ANOMALY. THE HISTORY OF THE GREATEST DISCOVERY OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY IN RUSSIA. PART II. DISCOVERY OF THE IRON-ORE BASIN OF THE KURSK MAGNETIC ANOMALY
Authors:   State Geological Survey of the Ministry of Natural Resources by Kursk oblast, Kursk, Russia, Emelyanov A. I.
Published: December 2023

In April 2023, exactly 100 years have passed since the iron-ore core was taken from a well drilled in the Shchigry area of Kursk province, thereby the secret of the Kursk magnetic anomaly (KMA) nature was revealed and the beginning of the world’s largest iron-ore deposits development was marked. This article is devoted to the history of one of the greatest discoveries of geologists of the first half of the 20th century, full of actionpacked and dramatic events.
The impact of online learning toward social skills of prospective teachers with different thinking styles
Authors: Fauzi Mohamad Nur , Hadi Sofwan , Fatmahanik Ulum
Published: December 2023

[English]: This article discusses the impact of an online learning using Edmodo application on prospective teachers’ (PTs) social skills based on their thinking styles. A quasi-experimental research was used to examine the impact. Social skill and thinking style questonannires were administered to 100 PTs. The data were analysed using analyis of variances (Anova). The results show that PTs’ social skills with four thinking styles: concrete sequential (CS), abstract sequential (AS), concrete random (CR) and abstract random (AR) through the online learning are better than using a direct learning. Moreover, PTs’ social skills within each thinking style do not show any difference. However, in the direct learning, PTs’ social skills with abstract random thinking are better than PTs’ with abstract sequential.
[Bahasa]: Artikel ini membahas pengaruh model pembelajaran online dengan aplikasi Edmodo terhadap keterampilan sosial mahasiswa calon guru berdasarkan gaya berpikir. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis eksperimen semu digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh tersebut. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yaitu angket keterampilan sosial dan angket karakteristik gaya berfikir yang diberikan kepada 100 calon guru. Uji Anova digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan sosial mahasiswa calon guru dengan empat gaya berpikir: sekuensial konkret (CS), sekuensial abstrak (AS), acak konkret (CR), dan acak abstrak (AR) yang menggunakan pembelajaran online edmodo lebih baik daripada pembelajaran langsung. Selain itu, keterampilan sosial mahasiswa calon guru pada masing-masing karakteristik gaya berpikir saat pembelajaran online tidak berbeda. Namun, pada pembelajaran langsung, keterampilan sosial calon guru dengan gaya berfikir acak abstrak lebih baik daripada sekuensial abstrak.