bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coordinating management disciplines to build operational resilience in response to a major crisis situation
Authors: Drachal Marcin
Published: July 2024

Using case studies of the Ebola outbreak in Western Africa in 2014, and the terrorist attacks in Paris and Brussels in 2015 and 2016 respectively, this paper demonstrates how various resilience-related corporate functions contributed to effective crisis response. This paper describes the logical order of actions taken in each of the cases, and how the organisation prioritised its assets and coordinated activities to ensure the response was adequate, efficient and timely. The article demonstrates how business continuity, physical security, threat management, security intelligence and incident management worked together to support the organisation’s crisis management structures in complex crisis situations.
The human problem behind credential theft and reuse
Authors: Kron Erich
Published: July 2024

Credentials are meant to keep accounts and information secure; unfortunately, they are failing to do this on a regular basis. The key reasons for this is not the length or complexity of these credentials, but rather how people are using and protecting them. It has been estimated that within the next few years the average Internet user will have 207 accounts to keep track of. Because the human brain can only remember so many of these long, complex passwords, people have resorted to using them across different accounts. This means a breach at one website may expose credentials to many others. Cybercriminals know how we behave and use this behaviour against their victims. When they are unable to just use credentials from previous breaches, these attackers know that they can easily trick many people out of them by simply using fake login screens to collect them in credential phishing emails. This paper looks at the issues related to password hygiene and credential phishing and ways to mitigate these risks.
How far is too far? Rural hospital closures and emergency room travel distances
Authors: Dockins James , Lingerfelt Dave
Published: July 2024

In the past decade, rural hospital closures have been occurring at an increasing pace. This paper explores historical key health policies that resulted in hospital bed growth over the past 75 years and the subsequent factors that have resulted in hospital closures, particularly in rural locations. These closures have reduced the number of licensed hospital emergency rooms available in rural locations and have resulted in new challenges for emergency medical service providers attempting to transport rural residents over increased distances for emergency care. Today’s healthcare literature does an excellent job of documenting the increased rate of rural hospital closures and explores the subsequent increases in emergency room travel distances and access issues for emergency services consumers living in rural areas that have experienced hospital closures. This paper examines hospital emergency room closures from 2014 to 2023 in rural Missouri. The paper then goes beyond a retrospective review of closed rural Missouri hospitals and mapping of hospital locations to establish a process for identifying rural Missouri hospitals at risk of closure in 2024 and beyond, mapping the potential impact on emergency room travel distances should these hospital closures actually occur. The model presented in the research is designed to be easily utilised by regional health planners, helping them to identify potential hospital closures and communicate the potential healthcare access impact to community stakeholders.
Communication and contribution preferences: An investigation of millennial alumni
Authors: Root Teri , Taylor Emma , Rose Katherine , Lauderdale Wendy Johns
Published: July 2024

Shrinking university budgets make the efforts of development offices even more critical. Before alumni give financially, they must feel emotionally connected to an institution. To keep alumni engaged and connected, institutions must develop effective communication strategies. This paper investigates preferred methods of communication among millennial alumni, topics of interest to alumni and ways that alumni would like to give back to their alma maters. Alumni are most interested in staying connected to the university through mail, whether that is traditional postal mail or e-mail accounts. With respect to using social media, alumni were most likely to use Facebook. This study sampled young alumni so it is not surprising that the respondents were interested in job opportunities. The other topics of interest seemed to have to do with general campus updates as opposed to specifics such as Greek life, faculty and student activities. In terms of making contributions, respondents were most interested in maintaining a connection with their major field of study by serving in an advisory capacity to some degree for their major. They also indicated a willingness to stay connected by attending events. There seemed to be at least some willingness to give back financially.
Making collections more accessible and inclusive digitally during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hetrick Emma
Published: July 2024

This paper considers the possibilities of searching and visualising collection materials at the Harry Ransom Center (HRC). In doing so, it argues that digital archival engagement is not a replacement for in-person reading room experiences, but rather enables an altogether different type of engagement with such materials. Following an analysis of the accuracy of searches in the HRC’s digital collections, the article identifies areas for improvement in increasing digital access to the HRC’s collections. Further, they reveal the misrepresentation or underrepresentation of historically oppressed groups (particularly in archives), including women, Black Americans and non-English speakers. The article concludes with recommendations for the more accurate and ethical representation of these groups in online archives.
Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme: Energy management in large undertakings
Authors: Cutter James
Published: July 2024

ESOS emerged from the ‘EU Energy Efficiency Directive’, interpreted into UK ESOS Regulations 2012 with authority to implement dedicated to the Environment Agency. Following Brexit, debate has arisen on ‘why?’ and ‘is it staying?’; announcements from the DCLG/DEEC on EPBD and EEED have confirmed so in its current form. The round one deadline for Large Undertakings to complete an ESOS process or assessment occurred on 5 December 2015, with several extensions for different circumstances. Reflecting on the process and the differing elements of Buildings, Transport and Process to provide direction on the next round in 2019 is essential for understanding and consensus on the correct methodologies for energy benchmarking and EnMS (Energy Management Systems). The actual outcome in terms of compliance levels is stated and the perceived success discussed. What has effectively been created is the need for post-occupancy analysis to be undertaken across industry, which is only set to expand, with future quantifiable and targeted improvement levels set to come into practice.
Smart Buildings, the Cloud and wellness
Authors: Watson Tom
Published: July 2024

New building certifications such as WELL, Living Building Challenge and RESET are exploding in popularity because of their focus on occupant comfort and indoor environmental quality — areas that are largely underemphasised by traditional building certifications such as LEED and BREEAM. Typically, building performance and indoor environmental quality data has been gathered through spot testing, which suffers by not always being representative. The advent of affordable and high-quality sensors, however, paired with internet-based monitoring platforms, has revolutionised the ability of IAQ professionals to track — and improve — building performance, finally allowing buildings to talk back to us.
Urban last-mile logistics rethought: Insights from a one-year pilot project
Authors: Engelhardt Maximilian , Seeck Stephan
Published: July 2024

E-commerce parcel delivery is an important part of the overall service experience of online retailers; however, the service quality of today’s parcel delivery cannot meet the expectations of consumers. This forces urban logistics practitioners to consider how the supposedly diverging requirements of both convenient and environmentally friendly delivery can be met in an economically viable way. One possible solution is ‘Kiezbote’, a last-mile concept that collects parcels from various senders and parcel logistics service providers (PLSP) centrally in a micro-hub strategically located within or just outside the neighbourhood to be supplied. Then, parcels are delivered consolidated per recipient within a desired time window by cargo bike. The concept was tested for one year in Berlin-Charlottenburg. It was shown that the tested delivery concept outperforms large PLSPs in terms of customer satisfaction and reduces emissions such as CO2 on the last mile. Economic viability could be achieved, but this requires a sufficiently high volume of parcels, as the willingness to pay is limited. Based on the results, online retailers should place greater emphasis on reliable and accurate delivery. PLSPs have to work more closely with local delivery partners to offer a wider range of customised delivery services. Technology providers should keep pushing new hardware and software solutions into the market; however, industry standards and interfaces are crucial when it comes to realising a diversified last-mile landscape. Delivery start-ups should combine both new modes of transport and digital business models and municipalities and politics should provide infrastructure, regulations as well as fast approval processes. This paper deals with the question of how the wish for both a convenient and environmentally friendly delivery service can be met in an economically viable way.
Consumer behaviour in a health crisis: What happened to cash?
Authors: Foster Kevin , Greene Claire
Published: July 2024

This paper uses data from the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta’s 2019 Survey and Diary of Consumer Payment Choice and interim rapidresponse surveys in spring and late summer 2020 to give some insights into consumer cash holdings and payments behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper describes several key findings from the survey, most notably that US consumers increased their cash holdings at the time of the pandemic lockdowns. More consumers held at least some cash, and almost half of consumers had more than US$100 in spring and late summer 2020, compared with one-third in autumn 2019. In spring, just onethird of consumers reported making an in-person payment, compared with almost everyone in autumn 2019. People who paid in person, however, were about as likely to use cash in the spring as they had been in the previous autumn. Payments of unemployment benefits appear to have affected cash holding for some consumers. Similar to the behaviour of some consumers in advance of hurricanes, some consumers reported getting precautionary amounts of cash.
Virunga National Park: A possible governance model for Green Deal implementation in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Corbino Alberto
Published: July 2024

With the ‘Green Deal’ the European Commission has committed to sustainable development not only within its borders but on a global level. Due to its rapid demographic growth and sustained economic growth, Africa will certainly have to be recognised as a main economic player in the future and, therefore, a partner to strongly support in this transition phase. But, despite this continent’s enormous potential and the willing declarations of intent by political leaders, the governance of many countries still show a series of weaknesses, while their development strategies often lack long-term vision. The paper analyses the possibility of identifying in the governance of DRC Virunga National Park a potential model for reliable partnerships in ‘green transition’ cooperation policies.
Online Potemkin villages: Discovering a Russian influence operation on social media
Authors: Bailey Patricia
Published: July 2024

State-sponsored influence operations are a significant and ongoing problem on social media platforms, which are constantly playing whack-a-mole with an ever-evolving adversary. When distinguishing an influence operation from real users, the key principle is to look for signs of ‘coordinated inauthentic behaviour’ (CIB), which are anomalous behaviours that set a group of accounts apart from authentic users. When numerous CIB indicators are present in a network or account, and when the messaging fits certain patterns and parameters, we can more confidently assess it to be part of an influence operation. These detection principles were applied to unmask a multilingual Russian influence operation, sponsored by the Russian state-sponsored media outlet RT (formerly Russia Today). The network began on Telegram in April 2022 and then migrated to X (formerly Twitter), promoting multilingual video content to legitimise the invasion of Ukraine and to justify the annexation of four Ukrainian oblasts in September 2022. This paper offers analysis on the network’s strategic geopolitical messaging, the specific CIB indicators we observed, its connections to Russian embassies on various levels, the languages it boosted the most, and an update on the network’s current ongoing activity on X.
How to educate users on usage rights
Authors: Tyner Jennifer
Published: July 2024

Copyright education involves the constant communication and training of company staff. This paper gives examples of approaches to educate staff on copyright ‘do’s and ‘don’ts’, including the use of a digital asset management system, writing an internal company blog, presenting on copyright topics to colleagues, knowing when to engage the law department, and the risk of using imagery, music, fonts and other creative assets improperly.
Big Data in risk management
Authors: Krishna Dilip
Published: July 2024

The banking and securities industry risk management regulations have resulted in transformational change, and have had an immense impact on the underlying data and technology infrastructure. This paper reviews the organisational and procedural impacts of such regulation and describes the key components of the solution, such as critical technology and data management components.
The introduction of Street Wardens as a social policy intervention in Britain targeting the regeneration of local communities: Theory and practice
Authors: Hoong Sin Chih
Published: July 2024

The Street Wardens Programme (SWP) in Britain was set up in April 2001 with the intention of improving the 'liveability' of deprived neighbourhoods. The SWP is founded on the assumption that most local problems are characterised by nuisances and incivilities rather than serious or violent crime. Based on this construction of local problems, the 'broken windows theory' and the concomitant desire to build `social capital' underpins the logic of how an intervention such as the SWP may be successful. Using evidence from the national evaluation of the SWP, this paper demonstrates how constructions and experiences of local problems and their severity are not unitary. This poses challenges to the understanding and expectation of how an intervention such as the SWP can be effective. Variable implementation of programme interventions can also lead to bias towards activities with more visible pay-offs. This can lead to other entrenched social problems being untouched.
CSDR settlement discipline costs and how to reduce or avoid them
Authors: Meenaghan Bill
Published: July 2024

The European Union’s (EU) Central Securities Depositories Regulation (CSDR) entered into force on 17th September, 2014. CSDR contains a section (Chapter III) on ‘settlement discipline’, which includes measures to improve settlement efficiency, such as cash penalties for fails and the provision for mandatory buy-ins. The CSDR settlement discipline regime (SDR) is expected to apply from September 2020 and covers any global entity who settles a security in one of the European CSDs. This could be a very impactful regulation, so industry participants need to assess their current processes to make sure that they have the best chance of settling all of their trades. There are many parts to the trade life cycle, and ensuring a robust process for each part is essential. The trade life cycle covers
• data handling and onboarding,
• trade economics matching,
• notification,
• settlement management, and
• data analytics.
This article covers each of these parts with an aim of discussing how clients could achieve a highly efficient trade settlement process.
Building trust and confidence in AI
Authors: Bastiman Janet
Published: July 2024

While some industries are rushing to adopt artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, there are those who are lagging behind, due either to their own lack of confidence or to perceived conflicts with regulation or their customer needs. This paper covers some of the myths perpetuated within the AI community regarding trust and confidence and how you can begin to build AI solutions with end user trust as a priority considering the latest regulatory proposals.
Bringing order to the creative department using metadata-driven workflows
Authors: Dittmer Jason
Published: July 2024

For creative agencies, the biggest obstacles are the processes and workflows that are needed to move files from concept through layout to final produced product. Metadata-driven workflows provide a way to do this without interfering with the creative process that is essential to making a great product. Digital asset management systems are now cost-effective for agencies of all sizes and provide more than just a gallery of files. Using metadata from those files to shepherd them through the creative process can actually fix real-world problems and help save time and money.
The great workplace reset : Pivoting to the human experience in the war for talent
Authors: Botting Sheila
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has required everyone to rethink their traditional approach to live–work–play, radically shaking up the design philosophy of workplaces and office buildings. The paper discusses how employers can create a high-performance workplace, starting with an assessment of current space utilisation and a deep understanding of what employees want from their place of work, today and in the future. A human-centric approach to the workplace can make a significant difference to both the bottom line and the employee experience. Employers that unlock this potential will be rewarded with previously unrealised abilities, energy and commitment. The paper concludes that, post-pandemic, the need for physical and collaborative working space is still strong, but traditional ways of working have changed for good.
Physical banking in a digital world: The digital revolution and the impact on consumers and banks
Authors: Hascher Milko
Published: July 2024

The Internet and new digital technologies have revolutionised modern society, with strong impacts in the banking world:
• Customer behaviour changed dramatically: customers today are more informed. Online and mobile channels have become more important as sources of information and are at the heart of the consumer purchasing decision, no matter where the purchase is finally transacted (research online, purchase offline (ROPO) effect).
• The new competition: the digital revolution has encouraged the emergence of new non-traditional actors and the market environment is changing rapidly. Competitors are coming from several directions and banks have to adapt their business model in this scenario.
• IT infrastructures: over the years banking players have inherited infrastructure and expensive processes. For that reason, it will take some time to catch up in the digital environment.
• Physical branches: technological innovation and digitalisation also have a strong impact on the physical channel. So, for an adaptation of the branch concept, the offers and services are needed.
There are a lot of improvements to be made in the future: simple products, intelligent IT-infrastructures, cooperation with start-ups and GAFAs (Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon), branch opening hours, integration of social networks in the customer journey, and so on. The banks with a real client-centric approach and with the capacity to adjust their technological and human skills will have huge business opportunities in the future.
A community bank’s digital transformation: Process, people and branding — implementing a purposeful digital banking strategy that puts people first
Authors: Botnen Josh
Published: July 2024

When faced with expanding digital service offerings, community banks tend to fall into one of three categories: do nothing, do only what their core processor allows for or do what helps bolster the bank’s client experience. Unfortunately, the third option is used by the fewest banks. Client needs are what should drive technological upgrades. That requires clearly identifying client expectations and objectives, as well as utilising an agile, fast-fail workflow approach. From there, banks must ensure people within the organisation are positioned to embrace each new digital offering, allowing findings to funnel and inform the brand’s ideal customer journey. This paper analyses how community banks’ digital offerings can compete with those of both big banks and FinTechs. The paper describes how banks must define clear objectives based on meeting customer needs. It recommends using a client-centric approach with digital transformation.
An evidence-based approach to virtual workforce programmes
Authors: Vyas Ekta , Higman Adam , Gough Dragana , Vanderhoof Dean
Published: July 2024

Healthcare organisations across the country have or are currently exploring the potential for continued telework/flexible work environments for both staff and leaders. In this paper the authors share their experiences beginning with harnessing the employee voice to engage leaders and staff and better understand important infrastructural factors for successful telework. A focus of this listening strategy was in developing an inventory of best practices, technology needs and policies and processes to support digital telework for both leaders, medical, clinical and support staff. Space planning utilised these learnings to organise optimal work environments, understand efficiency and cost savings on leased space. The pandemic subsequently encouraged a wider adoption of remote practices by more groups, many of whom have since learned that remote work can be not only effective but also a talent recruitment and retention strategy for employees.
Data is your organisation’s core business: Are you prepared to govern it?1
Authors: Moens Annelies
Published: July 2024

This paper explains why data and its governance as part of corporate governance are important to most, if not all, organisations, and is something that leaders and directors need to embrace. The paper highlights some key themes affecting the governance of data, such as trust and social licence, mass customisation, an increasing number of data breaches and technology. It then follows with a call for leaders and directors to help shape and influence the direction technology takes by providing examples played out in the media of innovation that have privacy at their core, as well as those that provide more challenges and grey areas. The final part of the paper provides guidance to readers on what leaders and directors can do to help build trust. This will include looking at culture, risk management frameworks, accountability, monitoring key indicators, working and collaborating with regulators.
Modelling systemic liquidity risk with feedback effects in the UK banking sector
Authors: Van Vuuren Gary
Published: July 2024

A liquidity risk stress-testing model which has been tested in the Dutch market and which considers feedback shocks induced by market participants is adapted and calibrated for generic use and then applied to UK bank data. Because the model is flexible and adaptable, it permits the robust investigation of different bank reactions to stressed market conditions, including buffer restoration, leverage targeting, the effect of severely stressed haircuts and systemic risk increases (through reputation degradation and enhanced contagion by other banks). Buffer losses owing to second-round effects are explored through reactions stemming from culprit and victim banks.
What is the role of governance and compliance in ESG investing?
Authors: Haddock Beth , Sirou Carol
Published: July 2024

This paper is written by two former Chief Compliance Officers who currently serve as trustees on boards of directors. The paper will cover two topics: In Section 1: The enhanced role compliance can play to support the company in its ESG processes through a risk-based compliance programme specifically designed to address ESG developments; and in Section 2: The role of compliance in supporting board oversight of ESG and compliance officers’ own contribution to ESG stakeholder management.
Media brand extension of tech conglomerates: The roles of parent brand loyalty, portfolio quality, perceived fit and feedback effects
Authors: Kim Hun , Chang Byeng-Hee , Nam Sang-Hyun , Kwon Shin-Hye , Chan-Olmsted Sylvia M.
Published: July 2024

Tech conglomerates have launched many extension brands to enter the streaming media market. This paper analyses a study which examined the factors that affect these brand extensions from the perspectives of consumer attitude and perceptions. A total of 1,404 participants who reported having used parent brands were recruited for the study and were included in the final sample. Five hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling analysis. Loyalty to the parent brand, variance in brand portfolio quality and perceived fit significantly influenced attitudes towards brand extensions. In addition, perceived fit and attitudes towards brand extensions positively reinforced consumer attitudes towards the parent brand. Finally, no difference was found with reference to the aforementioned factors when the more established streaming extensions were compared with the newer extensions of tech conglomerates. A unique aspect of the study is the structural validation of brand extensions by tech conglomerates. Further, the results of the study support the understanding of the importance of feedback effects and perceived fit in the brand area of tech conglomerates.
Improving access to goods and services in commercial property
Authors: Mclean Simon
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the background to disability discrimination legislation is explored. Definitions, categories and numbers of currently disabled persons are established. The specific disability discrimination acts, in particular the terms of DDA 1995, are outlined, and the importance of compliance with these statutes is established. Understanding of the term ‘reasonable’ as applied to access adjustments is evaluated, and there is stress on the need to undertake an access audit of all buildings from where goods and services are offered. The value of current guidance documents is stated, and access strategy planning is discussed, in terms of establishing reasonable action. The nature of possible adjustments is discussed. The impact of disability legislation upon the building surveying industry is established.
Towards a better application of brand values
Authors: Conejo Francisco J.
Published: July 2024

Despite the copious literature, the nature of values remains conceptually vague, being understood in different ways. Values are misconstrued by both academics and laypeople alike as whatever they choose them to mean. The former is no small issue as without knowing what exactly is meant readers understand the literature only partially. This misunderstanding may then lead to suboptimal applications of what authors pieces advocate for. At a broader level, specifying the values construct is essential for research and theory to develop in correct and coherent directions. Without getting too technical, this paper serves as a brief introduction (or refresher) to what values are, which ones are most common and how they might be better applied. By clarifying the values construct, the paper aims to improve practice. A better understanding of values stands to enhance segmentation, positioning and differentiation, rendering tactical branding efforts more effective.
Market crises, the financial system and the real economy: Analysis and implications for the global financial services industry
Authors: Scardovi Claudio , Gatti Stefano , Ventola Damiano
Published: July 2024

Across the world, the deep and unexpected crisis within the global financial sector has quickly spread through to the real economy. To understand the mechanisms of contagion between the financial sector and the real economy, this paper begins by presenting a summary of the most important facts from the last 24 months. It then proposes some preliminary hypotheses regarding possible mechanisms to improve the stability of the financial services sector. Finally, the analysis examines potential solutions for the crisis in those major developed countries that envisage major public intervention. The paper also considers the implicit and explicit risks for the economies of the countries involved.
Funding integrated territorial development: The role of the European Investment Bank in supporting European policies
Authors: Field Brian , Ottersten Eugenia Kazamaki , Sioliou Maria K.
Published: July 2024

The European Investment Bank (EIB) is the lending arm of the European Union (EU) and the world’s largest multi-lateral lending institution. Despite its increasing recognition and role in the European economic recovery, the EIB is one of the least-studied EU bodies/institutions. Against this backdrop, this paper focuses on the EIB’s approach to territorial development, one of the main intervention fields for the bank under the EU’s cohesion objective, and the role of EIB’s key intervention interlocutors (ie the sub-sovereign governments) following the 2008 crisis. The EIB’s approach to funding territorial development interventions is presented/explained along with the financial products it has developed to satisfy the needs of sub-sovereign governments, in a significantly diversified EU landscape. Based on 11 case studies (EIB-funded interventions), the study highlights the complex challenges faced by the urban sector on all spatial scales and their associated administrations. The authors conclude that the EIB’s added value is both financial and non-financial. Finally, they argue that the mantra should be ‘invest more but invest better’, in other words, the role of sub-sovereign governments needs to be better exploited due to the specific challenges they face.
Why you should fire your board (maybe): How boards underperform and what executives can do
Authors: Wysocki Keith , Stanosheck Kori
Published: July 2024

This paper outlines what healthcare executives can do when their governing boards are not fulfilling their fiduciary duties or providing adequate oversight to the organisation. Many healthcare boards are not recruiting the right people, spending enough time on strategy or following other recognised industry best practices. Making the board more effective may require ‘firing’ a person from the board or ‘firing’ a practice the board has been engaging in. The paper focuses on signs executives should look for in diagnosing subpar board performance and principles they can follow to make their boards more effective. If executives help hold boards to a high standard, the board can become a thought partner to executives and an asset to the organisation.
The rise of social purpose and its impact on brand success
Authors: Everitt Angela
Published: July 2024

This paper provides insight into what it means for brands to operate with social purpose and how current consumer sentiment around this topic has raised the bar in terms of authentic storytelling. It examines the brands that have got it wrong and the ones who are getting it right. The content landscape is crowded and indicators show that there is massive room for improvement if brands are to break through at all, let alone resonate with audiences who are looking for companies to have a positive impact on their lives, not just market to them.
Catalyst for the future: The emergence of mobile corporate real estate technologies
Authors: Jordan Brian
Published: July 2024

The trend in utilisation of mobile technologies has now reached a point where it is quickly becoming the predominant manner in which business is conducted. A recent survey confirms this, as close to 50 per cent of chief information officers said that mobile technologies and business intelligence were their top priorities for technology spending this year. Seventy per cent of companies planned to provide smartphones for some employees this year, or had already done so. In addition, almost 60 per cent of companies planned to provide tablets for some employees. Perhaps most telling is the prediction by the Wall Street Journal that, in 2014, business spending on mobile devices will overtake spending on fixed devices. Yet, many corporate real estate (CRE) organisations have yet to fully embrace these capabilities or leverage the potential game-changing impact that these new capabilities are bringing and, to enable them to do so, it would be helpful to understand how the industry has evolved in order to have a better perspective on the potential future state. In addition, having an understanding of current capabilities could allow CRE organisations to make informed decisions on adoption of these new technologies. Finally, appreciating the full capabilities that these solutions offer, including the impact on business intelligence, will ensure that CRE organisations maximise the value proposition for their services and their customers.
Rebuilding a city: Christchurch's recovery two-and-a-half years on
Authors: Macmillan Malcolm
Published: July 2024

Beginning on 4th September, 2010, Christchurch suffered a unique series of earthquakes, one killing 185 people. Approximately 70 per cent of CBD required demolition, and there was also significant damage to horizontal infrastructure due to land damage. The government offered a buyout of land-damaged homes. Insurance problems included multiple insurers and frustrating delays in assessments and settlements. The priority was temporary accommodation for displaced residents — 12,000 homes needed to be replaced and140,000 others needed repair. The horizontal infrastructure repair was New Zealand's biggest ever civil engineering project; with a NZ$40 billion dollar rebuild, the earthquakes were seen as an opportunity to develop a new, modern, state-of-the-art city.
Outsourcing strategy and decision making in property management and sales services
Authors: Carr Brian
Published: July 2024

Modern organisations adopt outsourcing for many of their non-core activities. It is a strategic decision often based on a model that shows if a supplier can deliver products or services for less cost and of a better standard or quality then outsourcing should be considered. The case study organisation reviewed the delivery of property management and sales of its property portfolio. The decision to outsource was driven by structure, costs, service and risks. It reviewed existing arrangements with agents and restructured the portfolio over a large geographical area. It moved from informal arrangements to contract arrangements with agents to manage about half of its properties. The centralised business model resulted in the creation of a hybrid business model with the other half of the portfolio being outsourced to property agents. The government tender process, which was new to many agents, was time-consuming and difficult for some. An ongoing line of dialogue was provided to assist agents with their offers. The organisation was able to attract offers from new agents as well as existing agents who had serviced the organisation in the past. A comprehensive review system was developed, which will be the real test of success of the outsourcing exercise over the long term.
Integrated and sustainable space optimisation of a real estate portfolio
Authors: Lindenstruth Andreas
Published: July 2024

Optimising operative floor space across an entire group will be one of the key tasks of the future because it offers great savings and thus liquidity potential. Depending on the respective industrial sector and the composition of the real estate portfolio, experience suggests that up to 30 per cent of the floor area can be saved. To realise savings of this magnitude, it has become standard practice (at least among major German companies and corporations) to adopt a four-stage model for portfolio-wide floor space optimisation. Essential components of this four-stage model include, among other things, professional corporate real estate management and centralised facility management. Moreover, it is mandatory that the users of the respective business units are integrated into the optimisation process. If user needs are not adequately taken into account, the planning effort runs the risk of missing the actual requirements of the workforce. This might result in inefficiency due to dissatisfied staff or indeed an increase in the amount of sick leave, which could wipe out any monetary benefit the company might have hoped to sustain through more efficient floor space use. Floor space optimisation should not be seen as a one-time process. After all, real estate requirements are themselves subject to continuous change due to the vicissitudes in the working world. This is to some extent explained by technical progress. Accordingly, whole portfolio floor space optimisation ought to be understood as a permanent process that calls for periodic reviews of the status quo and continuous monitoring.
Energy technologies’ compatibility with airports and airspace: Guidance for aviation and energy planners
Authors: Barrett Stephen , Devita Philip , Ho Clifford , Miller Bryan
Published: July 2024

In response to economic, environmental and national security factors, nations are diversifying their energy extraction and generation opportunities through the development of cleaner, more efficient and renewabletechnologies. These developments are expanding the geographic footprint of energy infrastructure and encroaching on the aviation transportation system. The aviation industry is concerned that current practices are not reducing the adverse impacts of energy projects on the safety of airport operations and navigable airspace. In response, the Transportation Research Board’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP), an industry-driven, applied research programme of the National Academy of Sciences based in the USA, directed research to better understand the risk of airspace impacts from energy technologies and to develop best practices for aviation safety associated with planning, developing and constructing energy projects. The research focused on energy technologies that are currently being developed, including solar photovoltaic, concentrating solar power, wind power, oil and natural gas extraction, steam-generated power production and electricity transmission. Each technology produces different types of impacts on airports and navigable airspace including physical penetration of airspace, radar interference, glare and thermal turbulence. The research findings, drawing on information from Australia, the UK and the USA, are presented as best practices, organised by technology, and include general siting and design criteria for each. The Guidebook represents a comprehensive resource for aviation and energy industry professionals with information to improve energy technology siting to enable nations to meet domestic energy production needs while ensuring a safe and efficient aviation transportation system.
Airline marketing and service quality: Foundations for growing non-aeronautical revenue — An Indian perspective
Authors: Sickert Ansgar
Published: July 2024

Competition between airports has been heating up exponentially ever since the first airports were privatised in the mid-1980s. The era of airports as utilities has given way to thriving marketplaces competing for passengers and traffic. Particularly in Europe and Asia, airports have moved towards commercialisation in their business models. This paper will argue that the close coordination between the airline marketing (frequently referred to as route and traffic development) and quality of service functions that many airports have established will create revenue-enhancing synergies in both the aeronautical and non-aeronautical domains. As airports have a multitude of customers, users, suppliers and service providers, such synergies can only be leveraged by involving all stakeholders in the service delivery process. Several tools including passenger surveys, quality management system certification and, increasingly, social media can be used to monitor the efficiency and effectiveness of the process. The paper will draw particularly on experience from India's aviation industry but will also use other examples for illustration purposes.
Who will make money? Tokens and the ‘5Cs’ of future currency
Authors: Birch David G.W.
Published: July 2024

The technologies that have changed the payments industry have, because of their distributed and decentralising nature, the potential to change money itself. The change to smart money — money with a memory, interfaces and the ability to make decisions — has wide-ranging implications, starting with the disruption of the post-1971 world of purely fiat currencies. Given that these technologies mean that literally anyone can create smart money, who will? Is the future Bitcoins or Britcoins? This paper explores the new technology of cryptocurrency ‘tokens’ before going on to explore five potential issuers of token-based smart money: central banks, commercial banks, cryptography, companies and communities. Looking at each of these in some detail, it concludes that the apparently radical scenario of multiple currencies more closely linked to communities is both plausible and, for a number of reasons, desirable.
Effectiveness of self-check-in kiosk use in a community-based clinic setting
Authors: Bhandari Pawan , Doolhoff Abraham A. , Landwer Laura E. , Culhane Patrick S. , Garvin Lindsey K. , Johnson Ryan R.
Published: July 2024

With current and projected staffing shortages, healthcare settings must find innovative ways to address workload problems. One possible solution in the outpatient setting is the use of patient self-check-in kiosks. This paper aimed to understand the effectiveness of the use of self-check-in kiosks in a rural community-based clinic setting. Data was gathered retrospectively on patients seen in our clinic during 2022. Two-sample z-tests were used to compare the use of kiosks before and after the implementation of intentional interventions to help motivate patients to check in using kiosks. Binomial logistic regression was used to determine factors that influence use of kiosks. We then analysed patient satisfaction surveys to determine whether the interventions affected patient satisfaction. A total of 143,208 patients were included in the study. Significantly more patients used the self-check-in kiosks during the post-intervention period (24.9 per cent) than during the pre-intervention period (6.5 per cent) ( z = −102.79, P < 0.001). The outcome of the binomial logistic regression in the form of a model was significant ( χ2(9) = 2,274, P < 0.001) and showed that gender, age, financial (insurance) class and time of check-in significantly affect the likelihood of patients using the self-check-in kiosks. Patient satisfaction was not affected by the interventions. The study findings suggest that it is possible to increase the use of self-check-in kiosks with intentional interventions in a community-based clinic setting without negatively affecting patient satisfaction. Expecting that patients will use technology just because it is there may not be feasible, as evidenced by this case. Non-use of the technology by patients could lead to negative consequences, such as longer wait times and effects on overall patient flow.
Adoption of global market practice for payments will pave the road to a successful global migration to ISO 20022
Authors: Bouille Isabelle , Haase Tanja
Published: July 2024

As digital technology transforms the payments landscape, existing standards are no longer fit for purpose. Adoption of ISO 20022 — a newer, richer and more flexible standard — will enable market infrastructures to offer customers more innovative and efficient services. Reflecting this trend, SWIFT is embarking on the phased migration of payments messages to ISO 20022. However, the success of ISO 20022 risks creating problems if there is too much variation in the way it is implemented. Such variation would fundamentally undermine the value of the standard itself. This article will explore how extensive consultation with the industry has provided a framework for SWIFT’s ISO 20022 migration strategy. A collaborative approach to standards and adoption of global market practice is being taken to build on the success of ISO 20022 and ensure innovation continues in the cross-border payment landscape.
Quality improvement at Vienna International Airport
Authors: Jäger Julian
Published: July 2024

Vienna International Airport (VIA) faced a challenging situation when its new Terminal 3 opened. Poor business results combined with low passenger satisfaction led to a restructuring of internal quality management. This paper presents the efforts undertaken by VIA to improve efficiency and service quality as a best practice example.
Developing a multi-organisational strategy for managing emergencies and disasters
Authors: Ammann Walter J.
Published: July 2024

The challenge of coping with disasters, risks and emergency situations must be seen as a permanent management process with clearly defined tasks, responsibilities and resource allocations. This process requires a continuous effort, including periodic identification, analyses and assessments of the critical stages along the risk circle, thus considering prevention, intervention and recovery. To cope effectively and efficiently with disasters demands a clear strategy, involving all stakeholders and risk scenarios. This paper outlines the importance of an integral risk management process and public–private partnership and — taking Switzerland as an example — describes the process of developing and establishing a widely supported vision and strategy to cope with risks due to natural hazards. The paper also elaborates some ideas on how to expand the strategy to other risks and stakeholders. The Swiss approach involves public and private sector representatives, assembled in an extra-parliamentary commission as a national platform to cope with natural hazards. This multi-stakeholder strategy development process has resulted in an action plan for implementing the strategy. Major progress has been achieved, with all stakeholders committing to a commonly established risk concept, to allocate substantial resources for the improvement of the risk dialogue and, finally, to accept a periodic audit to evaluate the status and success of the strategy.
Embedding metadata to sustain a museum’s visual archive
Authors: Gillis Sarah
Published: July 2024

Museums constantly face challenges when it comes to staying current with technological advances. Whether it involves lack of staffing, IT infrastructure or funding, maintaining best practices can be a struggle. The Worcester Art Museum (WAM) remains committed to digital outreach despite its own internal struggles and retains staff dedicated to thinking outside of the digital box to deliver images to all stakeholders while ensuring a digital object’s sustainability without the use of a digital asset management system. This case study looks at how attention to file-naming structure, along with embedding metadata, can ensure higher standards of preservation and sustainability along with day-to-day needs.