bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of API X80 Steel
Authors: Xu Chengcheng , Yu Meng , Zhu Yuxiang , Jin Ying , Wen Lei , Sun Dongbai
Published: October 2021

The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the metastable and stable pitting corrosion of API X80 steel was investigated in a simulated deep-sea environment. Cumulative probability distribution analysis of metastable pitting events revealed that hydrostatic pressure promoted the occurrence of metastable pitting corrosion and the transformation of metastable pitting corrosion to stable pitting corrosion. According to the results of scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy tests, pitting corrosion of the test steel originated at the interface between inclusions and the substrate. Combined with finite element analysis, the mechanism by which hydrostatic pressure promoted the occurrence and propagation of stable pitting corrosion of test steel in the simulated deep-sea environment was explained.
Xamanismos guarani e tradução no Encontro de Saberes
Authors: Rose Isabel Santana de , Okenda Geraldo Karaí
Published: October 2021

Neste trabalho, propomos abordar o material de um dos módulos da disciplina “Artes e ofícios dos saberes tradicionais: curas e cuidados”, vinculada à Formação Transversal em Saberes Tradicionais da UFMG. Este módulo foi ministrado por Alcindo Wherá Tupã e Geraldo Karaí Okenda, lideranças espirituais guarani de Santa Catarina. Com base no material das aulas, chamamos atenção para a criatividade presente em suas falas ao levantar aspectos centrais da cosmologia e do sistema xamânico guarani, procurando traduzi-los para os alunos não-indígenas. Também propomos relacionar este material nossas pesquisas anteriores sobre a participação dos moradores da aldeia Yynn Morothi Wherá (Biguaçu, SC) em uma rede xamânica contemporânea denominada Aliança das Medicinas. Trata-se de um movimento protagonizado especialmente pelos integrantes de família uma extensa indígena e que se encontra ligado a um projeto amplo de fortalecimento do xamanismo e de manutenção do nhandereko ou “modo de ser” guarani.
Ansiedades de Influência: Teoria da Conspiração e Cultura Terapêutica na América do Milênio
Authors: Reinhardt Bruno , C. Stewart Kathleen , Harding Susan , Zikan Cardoso Vânia
Published: October 2021

Neste capítulo de livro, publicado originalmente em 2003, Susan Harding e Kathleen Stewart analisam a explosão de teorias da conspiração nos Estados Unidos do pós-Guerra. Elas evitam o apelo comum de isolar o pensamento conspiratório como mero padrão hermenêutico exótico ou tipo de ideologia específica ao tratá-lo como parte de uma “estrutura de sentimento”, “sistema nervoso” e “discurso metacultural” amplo, difuso e inclusivo, apesar de atualizado em diversas intensidades. A “ansiedade de influência”, o sentimento agudo de estarmos sendo manipulados pelos próprios sistemas de expertise que sustentam a ordem contemporânea, dá vazão a uma semiótica ansiosa, obcecada pela leitura de “sinais” que desvelam uma Verdade final intencionalmente obscurecida e gera práticas encarnadas que funcionam simultaneamente como cura e sintoma. Essa estrutura paranoica de sentimento é analisada por meio de uma cuidadosa reconstituição etnográfica de duas comunidades “remanescentes”: o apocalipticismo otimista da igreja pentecostal-carismática Calvary Church e o trágico, mas igualmente otimista, “plano de fuga” extraterreno do movimento de base ufológica Heaven’s Gate.
Looking East Again? Malaysia-Japan Relations in the 21st Century
Authors: LAI YEW MENG
Published: October 2021

This article analyses the trends and developments in Malaysia-Japan relations since its inception in 1957. It begins with a brief historical overview of their bilateral interactions, followed by a scrutiny of the developments and shifting trends, from the early decade of the establishment of official diplomatic relations between independent Malaya and Japan that coincided with the Cold War to the introduction of Malaysiaâ€™s Look East Policy (LEP) in the early 1980â€™s that saw Malaysia-Japan ties taking-off to new and unprecedented heights. In doing so, the article reveals the major impetuses/drivers of their â€˜special relationshipâ€™, which among others include complementarities in their national economies, perceived sociocultural affinities underpinned by the so-called â€˜Asian valuesâ€™ and idiosyncrasies of key leaders like Mahathir Mohamad, as well as the given regional strategic environment, which contributed to a congruence of strategic thought and mutual interests between the major actors from both countries that led to Malaysiaâ€™s admirable relations with Japan before the turn of the 21st century. This article also assesses the contemporary trends in and prospects for their bilateral ties, by identifying the changing dynamics that have brought a qualitative shift in the Malaysia-Japan bilateral relationship which is moving towards strategic partnership and beyond.
Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) Bugis dalam Sektor Perladangan Kelapa Sawit di Sabah
Authors: Wan Hassan Wan Shawaluddin , Dollah Ramli , Herviani Dewi
Published: October 2021

Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) merupakan sumber pekerja utamaÂ dalam sektor perladangan di Sabah, terutamanya kelapa sawit. KumpulanÂ TKI yang paling dominan adalah berketurunan Bugis (termasuk TKI danÂ Pendatang Tanpa Izin (PTI) yang datang dari Sulawesi Selatan, diikuti olehÂ pekerja berketurunan Timor (Adonara dan Flores di Nusa Tenggara) danÂ Jawa. Kertas kerja ini memfokuskan kajian ke atas TKI berketurunan BugisÂ dan cuba melihat bagaimana kumpulan ini mendominasi sektor ini di Sabah.Â Bagi melengkapi kajian ini, tinjauan dan temu bual telah dibuat di beberapaÂ buah estet di Sandakan, Kinabatangan, Lahad Datu, Kunak dan Tawau. DiÂ samping itu, temu bual turut dibuat dengan Konsulat Jenderal IndonesiaÂ di Kota Kinabalu dan Tawau, pihak majikan dan agensi pekerjaan. KajianÂ mendapati bahawa rangkaian sosial dalam kalangan migran Bugis dan faktorÂ desakan ekonomi serta usaha untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup sebagai puncaÂ utama migran Bugis cukup dominan dalam sektor perladangan di Sabah.
Faktor Pemelukan Agama Islam: Kajian Terhadap Komuniti Saudara Muslim Cina di Negeri Terengganu
Authors: Awang Azaruddin , Mohd Khambali @ Hambali Khadijah
Published: October 2021

Pemelukan agama Islam merupakan satu fenomena sosial yang sering berlaku dalam kehidupan masyarakat majmuk di Malaysia. Perihal yang sama terjadi dalam kehidupan komuniti minoriti Cina di negeri Terengganu. Hubungan etnik berbeza agama yang sekian lama terjalin sedikit banyak mendorong komuniti Cina memeluk agama Islam. Objektif kajian ini ialah melihat faktor yang mendorong kepada pemelukan agama Islam dalam kalangan masyarakat Cina yang membabitkan diri dalam kegiatan di Kompleks Darul Hidayah. Kajian deskriptif ini dilakukan menggunakan metodologi kualitatif, iaitu menerusi temu bual terhadap 20 orang Saudara Muslim Cina yang telah memeluk agama Islam di kompleks Darul Hidayah. Hasil kajian mendapati komuniti Cina Muslim di Kompleks ini memeluk agama Islam kerana faktor pergaulan dengan rakan Muslim, perkahwinan, kajian tentang Islam, mendapat hidayah dari Ilahi dan dorongan daripada keluarga yang telah memeluk agama Islam. Hasil dapatan berupaya membantu badan-badan dakwah dan masyarakat Muslim setempat agar peka terhadap isu-isu yang berlaku dalam kehidupan saudara Muslim pada tempoh sebelum dan selepas pemelukan agama Islam.
 
The conversion is the change of belief which is a social phenomenon that occurs in the multiethnic society of Malaysia. The same situation happens in the life of the Chinese community in Terengganu. The ethnic relationship within interreligious community that had existed for a long time influenced the Chinese community to convert to Islam. The objective of this study is to determine factors that lead to the conversion to Islam among the members of the Chinese community who are involved in activities at Darul Hidayah. This descriptive study used a qualitative method by interviewing 20 Chinese Muslim converts at the complex of Darul Hidayah. In addition, interviews were also conducted with three important figures who were directly involved in the welfare of the new Chinese converts in Terengganu. The study found that the contributing factors to the Chinese community conversion to Islam in Complex Darul Hidayah Islam are related with Muslim friends, marriage with a Muslim, research about Islam, divine guidance and encouragement from the family who have converted to Islam. The findings could help the missionary bodies and the local Muslim community to be more sensitive to the issues that occur in the life of Muslim Converts before and after conversion.
Tazkiyah al-Nafs dalam Novel Pasir Lintang
Authors: Kamarudin Kamariah
Published: October 2021

Salah satu aspek keagamaan yang dapat membentuk keperibadian Muslim adalah dengan membangunkan spiritual menerusi konsep tazkiyah al-Nafs. Proses pembangunan jiwa dengan penyucian diri ini penting dalam memainkan peranan membentuk perilaku seseorang dalam masyarakat. Hal ini juga berkait rapat dengan dua hubungan utama dalam galur kehidupan, iaitu hubungan manusia dengan manusia (habl min al-Nas), dan hubungan manusia dengan Pencipta (habl min Allah). Maka, dalam perkembangan persuratan Melayu keadaan ini dapat diteliti dalam novel Melayu tanah air. Didapati nilai-nilai murni ditampilkan pengarang dalam membentuk pembangunan jiwa menerusi watak dan perwatakan dalam karya. Justeru, makalah ini menyingkap tazkiyah al-Nafs dalam novel Pasir Lintang karya S. M. Noor yang menyorot pelbagai kisah manusia untuk menghindar sifat keji (mazmumah) bagi mencapai sifat terpuji (mahmudah) dalam pergaulan seharian. Kajian jelas memperlihatkan tazkiyah al-Nafs diutarakan pengarang menerusi empat maqamat dalam psikoterapi Islam, iaitu tawbah (taubat), sabr (sabar), raja’ (berharap) dan khawf (takut) sebagai perutusanyang berguna untuk pembaca dalam mengharungi cabaran kehidupan.
 
One of the aspects that moulds a Muslim’s personality is to awaken the spiritual through the concept of tazkiyah al-nafs. This awakening of soul by self-purification is important in shaping one’s behavior in society. This realization is closely tied with two main relationships in life that is the relationship between one and the people around him (habl min alNas), and one’s relationship with his Creator (habl min Allah). Hence, in the development of Malay literature this situation can be observed in local Malay novels. It is evident that virtuous values as depicted by the author are portrayed through the development of the character’s in thiswork. Thus, this paper reveals the contention of tazkiyah al-nafs in Pasir Lintang written by S.M. Noor that highlighted through variety of stories how man tries to achieve good character (mahmudah) by avoiding heinous nature (mazmumah) in his daily interactions. The study clearly shows that tazkiyah al-nafs is expressed by the author through four maqamat in Islamic psychotherapy namely tawbah (repentance), sabr (patience), raja’ (hope) and khawf (fear) as a useful message for the readers in facing the challenges of life.
Persepsi Kumpulan Multietnik di Sabah terhadap Etnik Diri
Authors: Bee Seok Chua , Mutang Jasmine Adela , Madlan Lailawati
Published: October 2021

Malaysia merupakan sebuah negara berpluraliti tinggi yang terkenal dengan keunikan budaya dan kepelbagaian etnik khususnya di Sabah dan Sarawak. Kemajmukan negara ini telah lama wujud dan kini sifat pluralitinya semakin berkembang setelah negara ini memasuki era pasca-moden. Disebabkan wujudnya kepelbagaian identiti bangsa dalam masyarakat Malaysia, maka semangat muhibah, hormat-menghormati, bekerjasama, bertoleransi dan pemahaman identiti bangsa sesuatu kelompok masyarakat terutamanya antara kelompok majoriti dan minoriti amat penting. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan mengupas pemahaman konsep stereotaip, prejudis dan diskriminasi dalam kalangan etnik utama (Kadazandusun, Bajau, Murut dan Cina) di Sabah dengan mengkaji bagaimanakah kumpulan etnik tertentu mempersepsikan etnik mereka sendiri dan persepsi etnik ini terhadap kumpulan etnik lain. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada 36 ahli persatuan etnik yang mewakili empat kumpulan etnik yang berbeza (Kadazandusun, Bajau, Murut dan China) di Sabah. Data dikumpul melalui kaedah perbincangan kumpulan berfokus dan temu bual in-depth. Keputusan dan perbincangan dibentangkan dalam kertas kerja ini.
Kepesatan Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Dasar Tenaga Kerja di Sabah, 1960-an â€“ 1980-an Rapid Economic Development and Labour Policies in Sabah, 1960â€™s â€“ 1980â€™s
Authors: DOLLAH RAMLI , ABDULLAH KAMARULNIZAM
Published: October 2021

Pembangunan ekonomi negeri yang pesat menyebabkan sektor ekonomi negeri Sabah bergantung kepada tenaga kerja asing dari negara Indonesia dan Filipina yang majoritinya bekerja secara tidak sah. Walau bagaimanapun, Kerajaan Persekutuan dan Negeri sejak awal lagi telah berusaha untuk mengurangkan kebergantungan tenaga kerja asing tanpa izin dengan mengambil beberapa inisiatif awal mengatasi masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja di negeri ini. Makalah ini melihat kepesatan pembangunan ekonomi negeri Sabah serta usaha-usaha yang diambil oleh pihak Kerajaan Negeri dan Persekutuan serta pihak swasta di negeri ini untuk mengatasi masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja pada awal kemerdekaan sehinggalah tahun 1980-an. Dua inisiatif utama dibincangkan, iaitu penubuhan Lembaga Kumpulan Wang Perpindahan tahun 1960-an dan penubuhan Sabah Immigrant Manpower Center 1980-an. Kedua- dua inisiatif menangani kekurangan tenaga kerja ini gagal mencapai matlamat. Keadaan ini menyebabkan cara terbaik menangani masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja dengan mendapatkan pekerja asing dari negara jiran terutamanya Indonesia dan Filipina yang majoritinya bekerja di negeri ini secara tidak sah. Trend kebergantungan kepada pekerja asing tanpa izin akhirnya menjadi elemen utama pembangunan ekonomi negeri Sabah pada hari ini.Â Sabah rapid economic development has led to the heavy reliance on migrant workers from Indonesia and the Philippines, in which a majority of them are working illegally. However, the federal and state governments have been trying to reduce the dependency on undocumented migrant workers since the outset by taking several early initiatives to overcome the labour shortage in this state in Borneon Malaysia. This paper examines the economic development and the efforts the state has taken together with the federal government as well as the private sector in Sabah to cope with the labour shortage in the early days of independence until the 1980â€™s. Two major initiatives were discussed, namely the establishment of the Migration Fund Board in the 1960â€™s and Sabah Manpower Immigrant Centre in the 1980â€™s. Both initiatives have failed to achieve their goals in addressing labour shortage. As a consequence, the best way to deal with the problem of labour shortage was hiring migrant workers from neighbouring countries, particularly Indonesia and the Philippines and most of them had worked illegally. Therefore, the dependency on illegal migrant workers has eventually become a key element to the present-day economic development in Sabah.
Elipsis (al-Hadhf) dalam al-Quran sebagai Satu Petunjuk Ketinggian Bahasa Arab Kalamullah Ellipsis (al-Hadhf) in the Quran as a Mark of the Arabic Supremacy of the Kalamuâ€™Llah
Authors: NASIR MOHD SHAHRIZAL
Published: October 2021

Elipsis atau al-hadhf merupakan satu uslub yang terdapat dalam bahasa Arab dan juga bahasa lain di dunia. Uslub berperanan menyerlahkan keindahan sesuatu bahasa kerana mempamerkan kepelbagaian gaya bahasa dalam menyampaikan makna ayat. Al-Quran yang diturunkan oleh Allah SWT kepada Rasulullah SAW dan umatnya menggunakan bahasa Arab standard. Oleh itu, kewujudan elipsis atau al-hadhf dalam al-Quran menunjukkan bahawa pemahaman terhadap ayat al-Quran memerlukan pengetahuan yang baik tentang tatabahasa Arab. Hal ini menjelaskan bahawa ayat al-Quran tidak boleh ditafsir oleh orang awam tanpa penguasaan ilmu tatabahasa Arab. Namun begitu, hal ini tidak membawa pengertian bahawa ayat-ayat al-Quran sukar untuk difahami. Makalah ini membincangkan kewujudan elipsis (al-hadhf) dalam bahasa Arab dan kewujudannya dalam al-Quran. Beberapa ayat al-Quran dianalisis bagi memahami elipsis (al-hadhf) dan fungsinya dalam membawa makna ayat al-Quran secara jelas. Dapatan analisis menunjukkan bahawa pemahaman elipsis (al-hadhf) mempunyai kaitan yang rapat dengan kaedah tatabahasa Arab atau al-Nahw al-â€˜Arabiy. Justeru, penguasaan terhadap tatabahasa Arab merupakan satu keperluan dalam memahami ayat-ayat al-Quran.Â Ellipsis or al-hadhf is one of the language styles which exists in Arabic and other languages in the world. This language style highlights the beauty of the language in displaying the diversity of language styles in conveying the meaning of sentences. The Holy Quran, which was revealed by the Almighty Allah to the Prophet (p.b.u.h.) and the Muslims, used thestandard form of the Arabic language. Therefore, ellipsis or al-hadhf that exists in the verses of the Quran shows that understanding of the Quranic verses requires a good knowledge of the Arabic syntax. This explains that the Quranic verses cannot be interpreted by the public without the mastery of Arabic syntax. However, this does not imply that the Quranic verses are difficult to be understood. This paper discussed the existence of ellipsis (al-hadhf) in the Arabic language and its existence in the Quran. Some of the Quranic verses were analysed to understand the style of ellipsis (al-hadhf) and its functions to bring forth a greater clarity of the meaning of the Quranic verses. The result of the analysis showed that the understanding of ellipsis (al-hadhf) has a close relation with the Arabic syntax rules or al-Nahw al-â€˜Arabiy. Hence, the mastery of Arabic syntax is essential in understanding the verses of the Quran.
PENULISAN MUHAMMAD UTHMAN EL-MUHAMMADY DALAM MAJALAH PENGASUH (1961–2013)
Authors: HILMI EARNIE ELMIE , SALLEH KAMARUDIN , ABDUL RAHMAN NUR FARHANA
Published: October 2021

Muhammad Uthman el-Muhammady merupakan seorang penulis prolifik yang banyak menyumbang dalam perkembangan pemikiran Islam di Malaysia. Karya-karya beliau lebih banyak dalam bentuk artikel ataupun kertas kerja yang dibentangkan dalam seminar-seminar yang diadakan di Malaysia. Karya-karya ini dimuatkan dalam jurnal, buku prosiding, majalah dan seumpama dengannya. Artikel beliau sering juga dimuatkan dalam Majalah Pengasuh yang merupakan majalah diterbitkan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Kelantan (MAIK). Muhammad Uthman el-Muhammady merupakan antara penyumbang yang paling lama iaitu dari tahun 1961-2013 selama 52 tahun. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sumbangan penulisan Muhammad Uthman dalam majalah Pengasuh (1961-2013). Pendekatan kualitatif akan digunakan dalam menganalisis karya-karya beliau dalam majalah ini. Hasil dari analisis dapat disimpulkan bahawa Muhammad Uthman el-Muhammady menepati dengan ciri-ciri seorang penulis prolifik yang sepertimana yang telah diberikan kepada beliau.
 
Muhammad Uthman el-Muhammady is a prolific writer who contributed a lot in the development of Islamic thoughts in Malaysia. His works were mostly written in articles or papers which were presented in seminars in Malaysia. These works were published in journals, proceedings, and magazines, amongst others. His articles were also often published in Pengasuh magazine by the Kelantan Islamic Religious Council (MAIK). Muhammad Uthman el-Muhammady was one of the longest contributors to the magazine for almost 52 years from 1961-2013. This paper aims to analyze the contribution of Muhammad Uthman’s writing in Pengasuh magazine (1961-2013). A qualitative approach was used to analyze his works in this magazine. The results of the analysis concludes that Muhammad Uthman el-Muhammady suits the characteristics of a prolific writer, as he has been described.
PENGARUH ETIKA KERJA ISLAM TERHADAP KECERDASAN EMOSI DAN EMOTIONAL LABOR DALAM KALANGAN PIHAK PENGURUSAN DI SEKTOR AWAM TERPILIH
Authors: KEE MOHD YUSSOF KEE.Y.SABARIAH BTE , MASLI AG MOHD RUSLAIMIE BIN
Published: October 2021

Kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh etika kerja Islam terhadap emosi pekerja dan kecerdasan emosi dalam kalangan pekerja. Kajian ini merupakan kajian rintis yang melibatkan 58 orang responden dalam kalangan pihak pengurusan dan profesional di Kementerian Sumber Manusia. Hasil analisis kajian kuantitatif mendapati amalan etika kerja Islam berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Kajian ini mendapati amalan etika kerja Islam di tempat kerja mempengaruhi kecerdasan emosi, malah ia mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap emosi pekerja melalui dimensi emosi tersirat. Ini menunjukkan dengan mengamalkan etika kerja Islam, pihak pengurusan dalam sektor awam mengekspresikan emosi yang baik dengan menggambarkan perasaan sebenar (ikhlas) ketika berinteraksi sesama pekerja dan pelanggan.
 
This paper aims to identify the influence of Islamic Work Ethic on emotional labour and emotional intelligence among the management and professional staff at the Ministry of Human Resources. This research is a pilot study which involved 58 management and professional staff as respondents. Based on a quantitative statistical analysis, this study found out that the practice of Islamic Work Ethic was at a high level. The result of this study showed that the practice of Islamic Work Ethic in a workplace affects the emotional intelligence of employees and it has a significant influence on emotional labour through deep acting dimension. Thus, this study proves that by practicing Islamic Work Ethic, the managements in the public sector express good emotions by showing their real feelings and sincerity when they are interacting with employees and customers.
UMA PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE A QUALIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA EM DEFESA DO MODELO CÍVICO-MILITAR
Authors: Allison Santos Allison , Sales Barbosa Claudio , Marcos de Medeiros José , Maria do Carmo da Silva Lira Cícera , Pontual Brotherhood Araujo Manuela , Sueli Ferreira Silva Márcia
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo propõe uma análise da percepção docente, gestora e familiar sobre a parceria dos órgãos militares com a escola pública para melhoraria da qualidade da educação básica em defesa do modelo cívico-militar. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a percepção docente, gestora e familiar sobre a contribuição do modelo educacional cívico-militar para a melhoria da qualidade da educação básica, com ênfase no acesso, na permanência e na aprendizagem. A metodologia aplicada foi uma pesquisa básica, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, exploratória, descritiva e de campo. A amostra foi composta por13 gestores, 30 professores do Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio, e 21 pais de uma cidade da região metropolitana do Recife/PE, dos quais foram submetidos a responder um questionário eletrônico. Constatou-se neste estudo que os gestores, professores e pais concordam que  modelo educacional cívico-militar contribui para a melhoria do comportamento dos alunos no ambiente familiar, escolar e social, concordam que a parceria dos órgãos militares com a escola pública contribui para melhoraria da qualidade da educação básica com ênfase no acesso, na permanência e na aprendizagem, e encaram a parceria com positividade e credibilidade, sobretudo, quando se trata da segurança da comunidade escolar, indisciplina, combate às drogas e redução da violência. Conclui-se que o modelo educacional cívico-militar pode promover valores morais, cívicos, pode melhorar o desempenho dos alunos e promover melhoria da qualidade da educação básica em escolas públicas.
O CENÁRIO ATUAL DA EDUCAÇÃO NO BRASIL E A IMPLANTAÇÃO DO MODELO EDUCACIONAL CÍVICO-MILITAR
Authors: Allison Santos Allison , Sales Barbosa Claudio , Henrique de Assis Brazil Paulo , Farias Vitorino Brazil Danielle , Paes de Lima Siqueira Flávia , Steffane Silva de Lima Djessyca
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo destaca uma análise do cenário atual educacional do Brasil em se vê no desafio de fomentar novos modelos educacionais de qualidade, capazes de elevar o nível de aprendizado que proporcionarão melhores oportunidades aos jovens, com a consequente redução da desigualdade social no país. O Governo Federal, então, ciente do seu papel frente a essa situação, por meio do Decreto N° 10.004, de 5 de setembro de 2019, lançou o Programa Nacional das Escolas Cívico-Militares, o PECIM, que traz um modelo de gestão nas áreas educacional, didático-pedagógica e administrativa, alinhada à Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a literatura sobre o cenário atual da educação no Brasil sob o enfoque da implantação do modelo educacional cívico-militar. Como metodologia optou-se por uma pesquisa básica e bibliográfica. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se de revisão de literatura de análise de fontes bibliográficas primárias. Partindo do ponto de vista complexo das questões discutidas, tratadas e, sobretudo, dos dados analisados no universo deste estudo, foi possível formular considerações, apresentando um conjunto de conclusões na tentativa de mostrar a dimensão do olhar sobre o cenário atual acerca da qualidade da educação básica em escolas públicas e a concepção do modelo educacional cívico-militar. Na perspectiva do direito à educação com qualidade o modelo cívico-militar pode contribuir para a melhoria do comportamento de alunos no ambiente familiar, escolar e social. Bem como, entende-se que há relevância da parceria dos órgãos militares com a escola pública para melhoraria da qualidade da educação básica com ênfase no acesso, na permanência e na aprendizagem, significativamente.
ATUAÇÃO OBRIGATÓRIA DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO NO INCIDENTE DE RESOLUÇÃO DE DEMANDAS REPETITIVAS
Authors: Bimbato Vieira Victória
Published: October 2021

Representando um marco na evolução do Direito brasileiro, a Constituição Federal de 1988 – denominada como Constituição Cidadã – assegurou ao Ministério Público o status constitucional de fiscal da ordem jurídica, voltado para defesa dos direitos difusos, coletivos e individuais homogêneos. Com a vigência do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 tivemos uma nova fase na evolução do direito pátrio com o progresso do sistema de precedentes vinculantes em nosso ordenamento jurídico. O novo diploma normativo, seguindo a Carta Magna brasileira, trouxe uma atuação mais presente do Ministério Público no Direito Processual, inclusive no sistema de precedentes. Dentro desse sistema, uma das maiores novidades é o Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas que visa garantir a isonomia e segurança jurídica nos processos jurídicos brasileiros. Dessa forma surge o questionamento, porque o legislador do novo Código de Processo Civil garantiu a atuação obrigatória do Ministério Público no Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas?
DIVERSIDADE E INCLUSÃO SOCIAL:
Authors: Cristina Ribeiro Akamine Suellen
Published: October 2021

A diversidade refere-se às particularidades humanas, as quais tornam os indivíduos diferentes uns dos outros, sendo considerado, atualmente, um desafio importante e complexo às organizações. A empresa precisa entender a diversidade, permitindo que a organização seja cuidadosa em conduzir as diferenças contextuais, e utilizá-la como alavanca para a vantagem competitiva, reduzindo possíveis impactos negativos que possam surgir a partir dessa heterogeneidade. Esse estudo foi realizado através de revisão de literatura em Artigos e outros textos. O objetivo desse artigo foi abordar aspectos da diversidade e inclusão social no cenário organizacional. Os resultados observados, por meio dos estudos bibliográficos foram a importância do respeito à diversidade e inclusão voltadas para o ambiente de trabalho, valorizando o potencial e o talento de cada indivíduo, tornando um ambiente acolhedor e produtivo. Concluiu-se que as organizações que optam por políticas que respeitam a diversidade, tratando de forma justa e sem discriminação, valorizando os talentos, ideias e formas diferentes de pensar de cada indivíduo, possibilitam maneiras de complementar os saberes dentro do grupo, possibilitando alcançar o sucesso dentro da organização.
A design methodology for the supply of subterranean water through the use of wind energy
Authors:   , Marais Brett Richard
Published: October 2021

The Reconstruction and Development Programme adopted by the Government of National Unity is more than a list of the services required to improve the quality of life of the majority of South Africans. It is not just a call for South Africans to unite to build a country free of poverty and misery; it is a programme designed to achieve this objective in an integrated and principled manner. Based on the strategic objectives, as highlighted in the White Paper on Water Supply and Sanitation Policy, with regard to alleviating the chronic potable water shortages in South Africa, this thesis investigates a design methodology to supply potable water through the use of wind energy. The design focuses on small rural off-grid developments where grid electricity either has not or will not reach, and where renewable energy is the only viable option. This thesis provides an overview of wind energy and presents the fundamentals of wind power calculations. It also formulates an overview of the historic and present situation with regards to potable water supply, and reflects on the need for urgent intervention. The feasibility of using wind energy to supply potable water to rural communities in South Africa is explored in a case study. The various problem areas are identified and examined and a wide range of possible solutions are recommended. A final flow chart for the system design is proposed, thus ensuring comprehensive design methodology from which future design of similar systems can be based.
Development and evaluation of silicone membrane as aerators for membrane bioreactors
Authors:   , Mbulawa Xolani Proffessor
Published: October 2021

In bubble-less aeration oxygen diffuses through the membrane in a molecular form and dissolves in the liquid. Oxygen is fed through the lumen side of silicone rubber tube. On the outer surface of the membrane there is a boundary layer that is created by oxygen. This then gets transported to the bulk liquid by convective transport created by water circulation through the pump. The driving force of the convective transport is due to concentration difference between the dissolved oxygen in water and oxygen saturation concentration in water at a particular temperature and pressure. The design of a membrane aerated bioreactor needs an understanding of the factors that govern oxygen mass transfer. It is necessary to know the effects of operating conditions and design configurations. Although various methods of bubble-less aeration have been reported, there still exists a lack of knowledge on the immersed membrane systems. This study is aiming at contributing to the development of an immersed membrane bioreactor using silicone rubber tubular membrane as means of providing oxygen. The secondary objective was to investigate the influence that the operating conditions and module configuration have on the system behaviour. From the experimental study, the characteristic dissolved oxygen -time curve show that there is a saturation limit equivalent to the equilibrium dissolved oxygen concentration, after which there is no increase in dissolved oxygen with time. At ambient conditions the equilibrium dissolved oxygen is approximately 8 mg/L. This is when water is in contact with air at one atmospheric pressure. At the same conditions the equilibrium dissolved oxygen concentration when water is in contact with pure oxygen is approximately 40 mg/L. This is why all the experiments were conducted from 2mg/L dissolved oxygen concentration in water, to enable enough time to reach equilibrium so as to determine mass transfer coefficient. The most important parameters that were investigated to characterise the reactor were, oxygen supply pressure, crossflow velocity, temperature and module orientation. Observations from the experimental study indicated that when the system is controlled by pressure, crossflow does not have a significant effect on mass transfer. When the system is controlled by the convective transport from the membrane surface to the bulk liquid, pressure does not have a significant effect on mass transfer. All four effects that were investigated in the study are discussed.
Travel patterns and safety of school children in the eThekwini Municipality
Authors:   , Dhoda Salma
Published: October 2021

The annual incidence of pedestrian casualties on South African roads is approximately 34 000. This includes 4 000 deaths, 10 000 serious injuries and 20 000 minor injuries, costing the country an estimated R2,55 billion. A large number of injuries involve children and this is distressing but preventing this is a challenge. Statistics indicate that pedestrians are most at risk. School children have been identified as forming a considerable percentage of pedestrians. Consequently it is important to understand factors that influence children's travel patterns as an initial step toward reducing the accident rate. This study examines children's travel patterns at primary and secondary schools in the eThekwini area. In the absence of statistics regarding journeys to transport children to school, a questionnaire survey was designed to determine demographics, mode of travel to school, travel cost and duration, factors influencing choices of alternate modes of travel and problems experienced during school travel in terms of road safety. In addition, an on-site investigation was undertaken to assess the relevant engineering aspects including geometric design, traffic calming, signage and other traffic management aspects. This study focuses on scholar transport and discusses the findings of pilot and focal surveys. On analyzing the data, various problems were identified, namely: the road environment favours drivers over pedestrians, an absence of a formal travel plan, poor driver behaviour and an absence of dedicated school buses. A range of possible solutions is recommended. The recommendations focus on the Engineering, Enforcement and Evaluation aspects.
Abundancia de algunas presas de mesodepredadores en la reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa y áreas adyacentes, San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Martínez-Hernández Abraham , Rosas-Rosas Octavio C. , Tarango-Arámbula Luis A. , Benitez-Alemán Héctor E.
Published: October 2021

La disponibilidad de alimento es un factor crítico en las poblaciones animales. Así, el entendimiento de parámetros ecológicos como abundancia y disponibilidad, resulta indispensable para establecer acciones de conservación y manejo de las especies. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos determinar la abundancia de 10 especies de presas potenciales de mesodepredadores (Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus wiedii y Puma yagouaroundi) presentes en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa, así como identificar sus cambios en función de la estación de monitoreo por medio de foto–trampeo. Un índice de abundancia relativa se calculó a partir de los eventos fotográficos independientes. El conejo (Sylvilagus f loridanus), hocofaisán (Crax rubra) y chachalaca (Ortalis vetula) presentaron cambios considerables de frecuencia de aparición de un muestreo a otro. El conejo fue la presa más abundante durante el monitoreo. Este estudio corresponde a un primer esfuerzo para evaluar la abundancia de presas en el sitio, por lo tanto, dar seguimiento a las poblaciones es importante para la detección de tendencias a través del tiempo y la identificación de factores que intervienen en su disponibilidad
Estimación de la eficiencia de riego superficial parcelario en un módulo del distrito 017 Región Lagunera
Authors: Ramos-Cruz Carlos M. , Estrada-Ávalos Juan , Delgado-Ramírez Gerardo , Miguel-Valle Enrique , Domínguez Alemán Diego
Published: October 2021

La agricultura en México utiliza 80 % del volumen de agua disponible para irrigar 6.5 millones de hectáreas con eficiencias globales menores al 40 %. Por lo tanto, realizar acciones que incrementen la eficiencia en el uso del agua de riego es importante. Por dicha razón, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las eficiencias en el manejo del agua de riego superficial en un módulo del distrito de riego 017 Región Lagunera, con la finalidad de identificar áreas de oportunidad que permitan incrementar la eficacia global del módulo. Para esto, las eficiencias de conducción de la red de distribución se evaluaron por medio del método área velocidad. También, las láminas de riego aplicadas en cada evento de riego se determinaron mediante aforos en la bocatoma de la parcela. Para determinar la eficiencia parcelaria fue necesario estimar los requerimientos hídricos de los cultivos mediante el software IRRINET. La efectividad de conducción promedio fue de 80.4 %; las mayores pérdidas por conducción se presentaron en los canales interparcelarios no revestidos (20.1 L∙s-1∙10 0 m-1). Respecto a la eficiencia superficial parcelaria, el promedio fue de 59.4 %, lo cual indica que los usuarios están aplicando más agua de lo requerido por los cultivos.
Discriminación del parasitoide Jaliscoa hunteri (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre un huésped natural y uno facticio
Authors: Gómez-Domínguez Nadia S. , Cardoso-Aguilar Liliana , Lomeli-Flores J. Refugio , Rodríguez-Leyva Esteban
Published: October 2021

La cría masiva de organismos benéficos sobre el huésped natural suele ser muy costosa. Por lo tanto, huéspedes más fáciles de cultivar se buscan para reducir los costos de producción; sin embargo, ellos pueden perder su efectividad en campo. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la capacidad de discriminación del parasitoide Jaliscoa hunteri (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre su huésped natural (Anthonomus eugenii Cano) o uno facticio (Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius). Los ensayos se realizaron en unidades de ovoposición artificiales utilizando hembras colectadas en campo y hembras obtenidas de una colonia que tenían 13 generaciones, criadas sobre un huésped facticio. La procedencia de las hembras utilizadas en la investigación no afectó la preferencia de ovoposición y la alimentación sobre el huésped; sin embargo, las hembras silvestres y de laboratorio prefirieron más al huésped natural que al facticio.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Carsul Sebagai Koagulan untuk Menurunkan Konsentrasi Chrome Hexavalent Dalam Air Limbah Industri Nikel
Authors: Ikmal Muhammad Muzammil , Selintung Mery , Ibrahim Rosalinda
Published: October 2021

Pertambangan merupakan suatu kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan lingkungan. Pertambangan nikel di Sorowako yang saat dipegang oleh PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk, Salah satu limbah yang dihasilkan pada kegiatan penambangan bijih nikel berupa Carsulyang berasal dari sulphur melteryang merupakan sumber mineral yang dapat diolah kembali. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besar kandungan Chrome Hexavalent dalam air limbah hasil produksi tambang nikel PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk. dan menganalisis pengaruh massa koagulan (Carsul)serta lama waktu pengadukan terhadap efisiensi penyisihan Chrome Hexavalent dalam air limbah tambang nikep PT. Vale Indonesia. Tbk. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan air limbah hasil produksi PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk 0,2 ppm, adapun massa koagulan yang paling efektif adalah 5gram dengan rata-rata efisiensi penyisihan Chrome Hexavalent sebesar 98,5%, dan lama waktu pengadukan optimum adalah 20 detik dengan rata-rata efisiensi penyisihan Chrome Hexavalent sebesar 97,2%. Berdasarkan nilai penyisihan kadarChrome Hexavalent oleh Carsul sebagai koagulan cukup memberikan pengaruh positif dan cukup efektif.Mining is an activity related to the environment. Nickel mining in Sorowako, which was currently held by PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk, One of the wastes generated in nickel ore mining activities is Carsul which comes from sulfur melter which is a mineral source that can be reprocessed. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of Chrome Hexavalent in the waste water produced by the nickel mine of PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk. and to analyze the effect of coagulant mass (Carsul) and the length of time of stirring on the removal efficiency of Chrome Hexavalent in PT. Vale Indonesia. Tbk. The methodology used is quantitative experiment. The results showed that the content of waste water produced by PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk 0.2ppm, while the most effective coagulant mass is 5 grams with an averageremoval efficiency Chrome Hexavalent of 98.5%, and the optimum stirring time is 20 seconds with an averageremoval efficiency Chrome Hexavalent of 97.2. %. Based on the removal value oflevels Chrome Hexavalent by Carsul as a coagulant, it was quite positive and quite effective.
قراءة في رحاب فكر الإمام علي فلسفة الحوار ووحدة الأمة
Authors:   فرنسا/ وزارة التربية والتعليم العالي الفرنسية, سفيح أ.د. عبد علي
Published: October 2021

هذه الدراسة جزء من أطروحة الدكتوراه أعددتها في عام 2000م في جامعة بوردو في فرنسا تحت عنوان: " علي بن أبي طالب إمام وخليفة ".أعدت هذه الاطروحة كاستمرار لما كتبه المستشرق الفرنسي لويس ماسنيون عن الإسلام وعرّف الأوربيين بالإسلام ، ولتلميذه هنري كوربان الذي عرّف الأوربيين بالتشيع والشيعة، ونحن في هذه الإطروحة عرّفنا الأوربيين بالإمام علي. لم تقم هذه الدراسة بالغوص في الأبعاد الأدبية والبلاغية للغة الحوار عند الإمام علي، بل اهتمت بالتحليلات الفلسفية للحوار التي تميزت بنسختها الانسانية، مع أن البعدين البلاغي والفلسفي متساويان في الثراء. تعرض هذه الدراسة فلسفة الحوار ووحدة الأمة الإسلامية بوصفها أحدى أهم الوسائل التي استخدمها الإمام . عما سنرى في ثنايا البحث ان شاء الله تعالى. تعرض هذه الدراسة فلسفة الحوار ووحدة الأمة الإسلامية بوصفها أحدى أهم الوسائل التي استخدمها الإمام، وأصبحت نمط حياته، وأسلوب تفكيره، يربط بين مفاهيمه الدينية(إمامٌ)، وأفكاره السياسية (خليفةٌ)، كحقلين لا ينفصلان؛ لذا ركزت هذه الدراسة في الجوانب الفكرية والفلسفية والايمانية عند الإمام علي التي عن طريقها أجاب الإمام على سؤال الحياة الذي سألته البشرية منذ وجودها، وهو: ما الحياة الكريمة والسعيدة لإنسان غير خالد؟. أرسى الإمام علي أجمل وأبدع وأكمل قواعد الحوار الانسانيّ الذي يحفظ وحدة نسيج الأمة وصيانة كرامة الانسان. وأشار الإمام إلى قواعد ومرتكزات أساسية للوصول إلى تلك الأهداف، منها: تغليب رأي الأكثرية، واحترام رأي الأقلية، وحسن الظن بالآخر، وكشف الحقيقة، والحوار حديث ايمان لا حديث تكفير، وحديث معرفة لا حديث شتم وتحقير. الكلمات المفتاحية: رحاب/ إمام/ فلسفة/ حوار
مفهوم المقاصد العقدية وأهميتها
Authors:   مّدرِسة التربية الإسلامية في متوسطة السيدة خديجة رضي الله عنها للبنات ديوان الوقف الشيعي, نعمة مدرس أول ـ هيفاء حسين
Published: October 2021

يتناول هذا البحث التعريف بمفهوم المقاصد العقدية، وما يتعلق بها، من غايتها وأهميتها، وبناءً على أهمية الدرس المقاصدي العقدي في محاولة تقريب الحقائق العقدية للعقول المختلفة، وخصوصاً مع المعترضين على إدخال العقيدة في الدراسات المقاصدية، فقد تكون هذا البحث من مطلبين، هما: المطلب الأول: مفهوم المقاصد العقدية وغايتها، ويتكون من فرعين، الأول في مفهوم المقاصد العقدية، وتناولتُ فيه نماذج التعريفات من حيث اللغة والاصطلاح ومانراه متناسباً مع ما نرمي إليه، فضلاً عن صياغتنا للتعريف المناسب للمصطلح بحسبها. والفرع الثاني منه في غاية المقاصد العقدية من القرب من الله تعالى، وتطوير الفهم الايماني للعقيدة، ونصرتها والدفاع عنها. والمطلب الثاني: أهمية المقاصد العقدية، ويتكون من فروعٍ ثلاث، في توافق المقاصد العقدية مع مصادر التشريع الإسلامي، وتوافقها مع الفطرة الانسانية، والعقل الانساني. وأنهيتُ البحث بخاتمة وأهم النتائج التي توصلتُ إليها. الكلمات المفتاحية: المقاصد العقدية، غاية المقاصد، أهمية المقاصد، نصرة العقيدة، مقاصد العقيدة الإسلامية، المقاصد.
An evaluation of new particle formation events in Helsinki during a Baltic Sea cyanobacterial summer bloom
Authors: Thakur Roseline Cutting , Dada Lubna , Beck Lisa J. , Quéléver Lauriane L. J. , Chan Tommy , Marbouti Marjan , He Xu-Cheng , Xavier Carlton , Sulo Juha , Lampilahti Janne , Lampimäki Markus , Tham Yee Jun , Sarnela Nina , Lehtipalo Katrianne , Norkko Alf , Kulmala Markku , Sipilä Mikko , Jokinen Tuija
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Several studies have investigated New Particle Formation (NPF) events from various sites ranging from pristine locations, including (boreal) forest sites to urban areas. However, there is still a dearth of studies investigating NPF processes and subsequent aerosol growth in coastal yet semi-urban sites, where the tropospheric layer is a concoction of biogenic and anthropogenic gases and particles. The investigation of factors leading to NPF becomes extremely complex due to the highly dynamic meteorological conditions at the coastline especially when combined with both continental and oceanic weather conditions. Herein, we engage a comprehensive study of particle number size distributions and aerosol-forming precursor vapors at the coastal semi-urban site in Helsinki, Finland. The measurement period, 25 June 2019–18 August 2019, was timed with the recurring cyanobacterial summer bloom in the Baltic Sea region and coastal regions of Finland. Our study recorded several regional/local NPF and aerosol burst events during this period. Although the overall anthropogenic influence on Sulfuric Acid (SA) concentrations was low during the measurement period, we observed that the regional or local NPF events, characterized by SA concentrations in the order of 107 molecules per cm−3 occurred mostly when the air mass travelled over the land areas. Interestingly, when the air mass travelled over the Baltic Sea, an area enriched with Algae and cyanobacterial blooms, high Iodic Acid (IA) concentration coincided with an aerosol burst or a spike event at the measurement site. Further, SA-rich bursts were seen when the air mass travelled over the Gulf of Bothnia, enriched with cyanobacterial blooms. The two most important factors affecting aerosol precursor vapor concentrations, and thus the aerosol formation, were (1) the type of phytoplankton species and intensity of bloom present in the coastal regions of Finland/ Baltic Sea and (2) the wind direction. During the events, most of the growth of sub-3 nm particles was probably due to SA, rather than IA or MSA, however much of the particle growth remained unexplained indicative of the strong role of organics in the growth of particles, especially in the 3–7 nm particle size range. Further studies are needed to explore the role of organics in NPF events and the potential influence of cyanobacterial blooms in coastal locations.
An unsupervised machine-learning-based classification of aerosol microphysical properties over 10 years at Cabo Verde
Authors: Gong Xianda , Wex Heike , Müller Thomas , Henning Silvia , Voigtländer Jens , Wiedensohler Alfred , Stratmann Frank
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory (CVAO), which is influenced by both, marine and desert dust air masses, has been used for long-term measurements of different properties of the atmospheric aerosol from 2008 to 2017. These properties include particle number size distributions (PNSD), light absorbing carbon (LAC) and concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) together with their hygroscopicity. Here we summarize the results obtained for these properties and use an unsupervised machine learning algorithm for the classification of aerosol types. Five types of aerosols, i.e., marine, freshly-formed, mixture, moderate dust and heavy dust, were classified. Air masses during marine periods are from the Atlantic Ocean and during dust periods are from the Sahara. Heavy dust was more frequently present during wintertime, whereas the clean marine periods were more frequently present during springtime. It was observed that during the dust periods CCN number concentrations at a supersaturation of 0.30 % are roughly 2.5 times higher than during marine periods, but the hygroscopicity (κ) of particles in the size range from ∼30 to ∼175 nm during marine and dust periods are comparable. The long-term data presented here, together with the aerosol classification, can be used as a base to improve our understanding of annual cycles of the atmospheric aerosol in the eastern tropical Atlantic and on aerosol-cloud interactions and it can be used as a base for driving, evaluating and constraining atmospheric model simulations.