bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of aggressive group norms on young adults’ conformity behavior in WhatsApp chats: a vignette-based experiment
Authors: Kreuder Annika , Frick Ulrich , Klütsch Jennifer , Haehn Luise , Schlittmeier Sabine J.
Published: July 2024

Social networking and messaging applications, such as WhatsApp, have become an essential social environment for adolescents and young adults (AYA). While facilitating connectivity, they also bear hazards, including cyber-aggression. This study investigates the impact of (aggressive) group norms on AYA's propensity to expect cyberaggressive behaviors within different group chats. Based on a vignette scenario, realistically simulated WhatsApp group chats enabled scrutinizing, if and how exemplary reactions (funny, aggressive, friendly) of group members influence AYA's conformity to cyber-aggression (N = 500, aged 16 to 29). Additionally, we examined the effect of chat group type—close friends versus fellow students—on the anticipation of aggressive reactions. Sociodemographic, social, and developmental-psychological factors were evaluated for potential effects. Multilevel logistic regression analyses indicated that aggressive group norms significantly predict cyber-aggression anticipation, while no effect of chat group type was observed. Controlling for the size and vivacity of participant’s friend group, gender, age, and educational status were significant predictors: males, younger participants, and non-university students expected higher levels of cyber-aggression conformity. This study underlines the importance of group dynamics on perceptions of cyber-aggression and hints at individual risk factors for AYA's digital communication behavior.
Post-mortem recrystallization of biogenic amorphous calcium carbonate guided by the inherited macromolecular framework
Authors: Stolarski Jarosław , Coronado Ismael , Potocka Marta , Janiszewska Katarzyna , Mazur Maciej , Baronnet Alain , Cruz Juncal A. , Grauby Olivier , Meibom Anders
Published: July 2024

In contrast to abiotically formed carbonates, biogenetic carbonates have been observed to be nanocomposite, organo-mineral structures, the basic build-blocks of which are particles of quasi-uniform size (10–100 nm) organized into complex higher-order hierarchical structures, typically with highly controlled crystal-axis alignments. Some of these characteristics serve as criteria for inferring a biological origin and the state of preservation of fossil carbonate materials, and to determine whether the biomineralization process was biologically induced or controlled. Here we show that a calcium storage structure formed by the American lobster, a gastrolith initially consisting of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), post-mortem can crystallize into (thus secondary) calcite with structural properties strongly influenced by the inherited organic matrix. This secondary calcite meets many structural criteria for biominerals (thus called the biomorphic calcite), but differs in trace element distributions (e.g., P and Mg). Such observations refine the capability to determine whether a fossil carbonates can be attributed to biogenic processes, with implications for the record of life on Earth and other terrestrial planets.
Examining bi-directional links between loneliness, social connectedness and sleep from a trait and state perspective
Authors: Dworschak Christine , Mäder Thomas , Rühlmann Charlotta , Maercker Andreas , Kleim Birgit
Published: July 2024

Greater loneliness as well as a lack of social connectedness have often been associated with poorer sleep. However, the temporal dynamics and direction of these associations remain unclear. Aim of the current study was to examine bi-directional associations between loneliness/social connectedness and sleep in 48 stress-exposed medical students during their first medical internship, considered a period of heightened stress. We obtained trait-level questionnaire data on loneliness and global sleep completed before and during the internship as well as state-level diary- and wearable-based data on daily changes in social connectedness and sleep collected twice over the period of seven consecutive days, once before and once during the internship. Bi-directional associations among greater loneliness and higher daytime dysfunction on trait-level were identified. In addition, several uni-directional associations between loneliness/social connectedness and sleep were found on trait- and state-level. In sum, findings of this study point at a bi-directional relation among loneliness/social connectedness and sleep, in which variables seem to reciprocally influence each other across longer-term periods as well as on a day-to-day basis.
Diagnostics of unmanned aerial vehicle with recurrence based approach of piezo-element voltage signals
Authors: Ambrożkiewicz Bartłomiej , Dzienis Paweł , Ambroziak Leszek , Koszewnik Andrzej , Syta Arkadiusz , Ołdziej Daniel , Pakrashi Vikram
Published: July 2024

This work experimentally addresses damage calibration of an unmanned aerial vehicle in operational condition. A wide range of damage level and types are simulated and controlled by an electric motor via pulse width modulation in this regard. The measurement is carried out via established protocols of using a piezo-patch on one of the 8 arms, utilising the vibration sensitivity and flexibility of the arms, demonstrating repeatability of such protocol. Subsequently, recurrence analysis on the voltage time series data is performed for detection of damage. Quantifiers of damage extent are then created for the full range of damage conditions, including the extreme case of complete loss of power. Experimental baseline condition for no damage condition is also established in this regard. Both diagonal-line and vertical-line based indicators from recurrence analysis are sensitive to the quantitative estimates of damage levels and a statistical test of significance analysis confirms that it is possible to automate distinguishing the levels of damage. The damage quantifiers proposed in this paper are useful for rapid monitoring of unmanned aerial vehicle operations of connection.
Large-scale proteomics reveals precise biomarkers for detection of ovarian cancer in symptomatic women
Authors: Ivansson Emma , Hedlund Lindberg Julia , Stålberg Karin , Sundfeldt Karin , Gyllensten Ulf , Enroth Stefan
Published: July 2024

Ovarian cancer is the 8th most common cancer among women and has a 5-year survival of only 30–50%. While the survival is close to 90% for stage I tumours it is only 20% for stage IV. Current biomarkers are not sensitive nor specific enough, and novel biomarkers are urgently needed. We used the Explore PEA technology for large-scale analysis of 2943 plasma proteins to search for new biomarkers using two independent clinical cohorts. The discovery analysis using the first cohort identified 296 proteins that had significantly different levels in malign tumours as compared to benign and for 269 (91%) of these, the association was replicated in the second cohort. Multivariate modelling, including all proteins independent of their association in the univariate analysis, identified a model for separating benign conditions from malign tumours (stage I–IV) consisting of three proteins; WFDC2, KRT19 and RBFOX3. This model achieved an AUC of 0.92 in the replication cohort and a sensitivity and specificity of 0.93 and 0.77 at a cut-off developed in the discovery cohort. There was no statistical difference of the performance in the replication cohort compared to the discovery cohort. WFDC2 and KRT19 have previously been associated with ovarian cancer but RBFOX3 has not previously been identified as a potential biomarker. Our results demonstrate the ability of using high-throughput precision proteomics for identification of novel plasma protein biomarker for ovarian cancer detection.
Improving consumer understanding of pesticide toxicity labels: experimental evidence
Authors: Hosni Hanin , Segovia Michelle , Zhao Shuoli , Palma Marco A. , Skevas Theodoros
Published: July 2024

Consumers often inadvertently misperceive the health hazards associated with over-the-counter pesticides under the current textual labeling policy, potentially leading to improper use. We conducted an incentivized framed field experiment with eye tracking to evaluate the effectiveness of the current pesticide labels that convey risk using signal words (Caution, Warning, Danger) compared to two visually focused label alternatives: traffic light colors and skull intensity symbols. A total of 166 participants were randomly assigned to one of three label formats and asked to rank toxicity levels and make purchasing decisions within multiple price lists. Results show that signal words fail to adequately communicate toxicity levels. Specifically, participants’ correct assessment of toxicity level dramatically improves from 54% under the existing signal word label to 95% under the traffic light and 83% under the skull intensity symbol labels. We also find that participants are more likely to choose the less toxic alternatives under the new labels, suggesting the current labeling system may affect choice and have unintended adverse effects on human health.
Differential circulating cytokine profiles in acute coronary syndrome versus stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Maaniitty Eveliina , Jalkanen Juho , Sinisilta Sami , Gunn Jarmo , Vasankari Tuija , Biancari Fausto , Jalkanen Sirpa , Airaksinen K. E. Juhani , Hollmen Maija , Kiviniemi Tuomas
Published: July 2024

Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in coronary artery disease (CAD), but differences in specific cytokine profiles between acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable CAD remain unknown. We investigated cytokine differences between these two manifestations of CAD. The study included 308 patients with angiographically detected, hemodynamically significant CAD: 150 patients undergone angiography for ACS, 158 patients undergone angiography for stable CAD. To assess dynamic changes, 116 patients had index angiogram at least 3 months earlier. We measured the serum concentrations of 48 circulating cytokines. The ACS group had decreased interleukin (IL) 4 (p = 0.005), and increased IL-8 (p = 0.008), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (p < 0.001) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) (p = 0.002) levels compared with the stable CAD group. Multivariable logistic regression revealed increased levels of HGF (OR 18.050 [95% CI 4.372–74.517], p < 0.001), M-CSF (OR 2.257 [1.375–3.705], p = 0.001) and IL-6 (OR 1.586 [1.131–2.224], p = 0.007), independently associated with ACS. In the post-angiography group, only diminished platelet-derived growth factor-BB levels in ACS-manifested patients were observed (OR 0.478, [0.279–0.818], p = 0.007). Cytokine profiles differ between ACS and stable CAD. Such differences seem to be mainly reversible within 3 months after ACS. Thus, targeting one or two cytokines only might not offer one-size fits all-therapeutic approach for CAD-associated inflammation.

Trial registration: NCT03444259.
Development of a deep learning model for cancer diagnosis by inspecting cell-free DNA end-motifs
Authors: Shen Hongru , Yang Meng , Liu Jilei , Chen Kexin , Li Xiangchun
Published: July 2024

Accurate discrimination between patients with and without cancer from cfDNA is crucial for early cancer diagnosis. Herein, we develop and validate a deep-learning-based model entitled end-motif inspection via transformer (EMIT) for discriminating individuals with and without cancer by learning feature representations from cfDNA end-motifs. EMIT is a self-supervised learning approach that models rankings of cfDNA end-motifs. We include 4606 samples subjected to different types of cfDNA sequencing to develop EIMIT, and subsequently evaluate classification performance of linear projections of EMIT on six datasets and an additional inhouse testing set encopassing whole-genome, whole-genome bisulfite and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine sequencing. The linear projection of representations from EMIT achieved area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) values ranged from 0.895 (0.835–0.955) to 0.996 (0.994–0.997) across these six datasets, outperforming its baseline by significant margins. Additionally, we showed that linear projection of EMIT representations can achieve an AUROC of 0.962 (0.914–1.0) in identification of lung cancer on an independent testing set subjected to whole-exome sequencing. The findings of this study indicate that a transformer-based deep learning model can learn cancer-discrimative representations from cfDNA end-motifs. The representations of this deep learning model can be exploited for discriminating patients with and without cancer.
Novel molecular subtypes of METex14 non-small cell lung cancer with distinct biological and clinical significance
Authors: Chen Shengnan , Hu Tao , Zhao Jikai , Zhu Qian , Wang Jin , Huang Zhan , Xiang Chan , Zhao Ruiying , Zhu Changbin , Lu Shun , Han Yuchen
Published: July 2024

Not all MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) NSCLC patients benefited from MET inhibitors. We hypothesized an inter-tumoral heterogeneity in METex14 NSCLC. Investigations at genomic and transcriptomic level were conducted in METex14 NSCLC samples from stage I-III and recurrent/metastatic patients as discovery and validation cohort. Four molecular subtypes were discovered. MET-Driven subtype, with the worst prognosis, displayed MET overexpression, enrichment of MET-related pathways, and higher infiltration of fibroblast and regulatory T cells. Immune-Activated subtype having the most idea long-term survival, had higher tertiary lymphoid structures, spatial co-option of PD-L1+ cancer cells, and GZMK+ CD8+ T cell. FGFR- and Bypass-Activated subtypes displayed FGFR2 overexpression and enrichments of multiple oncogenic pathways respectively. In the validation cohort, patients with MET-Driven subtype had better response to MET inhibitors than those with MET overexpression. Thus, molecular subtypes of METex14 NSCLC with distinct biological and clinical significance may indicate more precise therapeutic strategies for METex14 NSCLC patients.
Morphometry on the sphere: Cartesian and irreducible Minkowski tensors explained and implemented
Authors: Collischon Caroline , Klatt Michael A. , Banday Anthony J. , Sasaki Manami , Räth Christoph
Published: July 2024

Minkowski tensors are comprehensive shape descriptors that robustly capture n-point information in complex random geometries and that have already been extensively applied in the Euclidean plane. Here, we devise a framework for Minkowski tensors on the sphere. We first advance the theory by introducing irreducible Minkowski tensors, which avoid the redundancies of previous representations. We, moreover, generalize Minkowski sky maps to the sphere. These maps are a concept of local anisotropy, which easily adjusts to masked data. We demonstrate the power of our new procedure by applying it to simulations and real data of the Cosmic Microwave Background, finding an anomalous region close to the well-known Cold Spot. The accompanying open-source software, , used to generate these maps from data in the HEALPix-format is made publicly available to facilitate broader integration of Minkowski maps in other fields, such as fluid demixing, porous structures, or geosciences more generally.
Extreme summer temperature anomalies over Greenland largely result from clear-sky radiation and circulation anomalies
Authors: Blau Manuel Tobias , Ha Kyung-Ja , Chung Eui-Seok
Published: July 2024

The polar regions have been undergoing amplified warming in recent years. In particular, Greenland has experienced anomalously warm summers with intense melt rates. We employ a surface radiation budget framework to examine the causes for positive and negative summer temperature anomaly events over Greenland from 1979 to 2021. We found a dominant contribution of the clear-sky downwelling longwave radiation and the surface albedo feedback to temperature anomalies. Atmospheric temperature perturbations dominate the effect of anomalous emissivity on clear-sky downwelling longwave radiation. In warm years, enhanced turbulent heat exchange due to increased surface temperature and diabatic warming in the troposphere induces adiabatic heating of the atmosphere, enhanced moisture advection, and a high-pressure anomaly with a blocking-like anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly following peak temperature days. Different modes of natural climate variability, in particular, related to blocking over Greenland, can further amplify or dampen the ongoing warming trend, causing extreme temperature events.
European hot and dry summers are projected to become more frequent and expand northwards
Authors: Felsche Elizaveta , Böhnisch Andrea , Poschlod Benjamin , Ludwig Ralf
Published: July 2024

Heatwaves and dry spells are major climate hazards with far-reaching implications for health, economy, agriculture, and ecosystems. The frequency of compound hot and dry summers in Europe has risen in recent years. Here we present an examination of past extreme summers and compare them to future climate conditions. We use reanalysis data (2001–2022) and model data at three global warming levels: +1.2 °C, +2 °C, and +3 °C for nine selected sub-regions. Key findings indicate a significant increase in the frequency of most extreme past occurrences under 2 °C and 3 °C warming scenarios. For specific summers, the occurrence probability rises by up to 5–6 times from 2 °C to 3 °C. Moreover, our analysis reveals a notable northward shift in the climatology of hot and dry summers under 3 °C warming. The hot and dry climate observed in Eastern Europe under current conditions is anticipated to extend into substantial parts of the Baltic coast, Finland, and Scandinavia.
Chromatographic fingerprinting of epiphytic fungal strains isolated from Withania somnifera and biological evaluation of isolated okaramine H
Authors: Sharma Vandana , Chib Shifali , Kumari Diksha , Singh Kuljit , Saran Saurabh , Singh Deepika
Published: July 2024

Investigation of epiphytic strains of Withania somnifera using chromatographic techniques to study chemical diversification, with isolation and structure elucidation of okaramine H from Aspergillus aculeatus.
Novel strategy for activating gene expression through triplex DNA formation targeting epigenetically suppressed genes
Authors: Notomi Ryotaro , Sasaki Shigeki , Taniguchi Yosuke
Published: July 2024

Gene transcription is activated by forming triplex DNA on the methylated dC-containing promoter sequence of the gene whose transcription was suppressed.
Water and methylamine acetate synergistically induced the growth of three primary color luminous MAPbBrnX3−n@PbX(OH) microwires
Authors: Wang Chengwei , Wang Rui , Liao Yanan , Liu Kai , Zhang Qingyi , Wang Lei , Gu Dawei , Qin Feifei , Chen Feng
Published: July 2024

Water and methylamine acetate synergistically induced the growth of three primary color luminous MAPbBrnX3−n@PbX(OH) microwires.
Liquid-phase intermediated chemical vapor deposition for ternary compositional 1D van der Waals material Nb2Pd3Se8
Authors: Lee Sang Hoon , Jeong Byung Joo , Choi Kyung Hwan , Jeon Jiho , Lee Bom , Cho Sooheon , Kim Dahoon , Gudena Gutema Teshome , Megersa Daba Deme , Kim Sang Hyuk , Yu Hak Ki , Choi Jae-Young
Published: July 2024

Nb2Pd3Se8 wires were successfully synthesized using different metal precursors (niobium and palladium) through liquid precursor-intermediated chemical vapor deposition (LPI-CVD).
Structural revolution of PVDF crystallized on MWCNT film on a gradient temperature stage and its dielectric properties
Authors: Li Shuhui , Wang Hai , Liang Xiaobin , Qu Meijie , Fan Mingshuai , Zhang Rui , Nakajima Ken , Bin Yuezhen
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive research system: temperature dependence and heterogeneous nucleation; all-sided characterization methods: FTIR, WAXD/SAXS, AFM; efficient preparation method: temperature gradient; observed nucleation distance of CNT: AFM in full domain.
Growth of GSAG:Ce scintillation crystals by the Bridgman method: influence of Ce concentration and codoping
Authors: Hovhannesyan K. L. , Derdzyan M. V. , Badalyan G. , Kharatyan G. , Pejchal J. , Nikl M. , Dujardin C. , Petrosyan A. G.
Published: July 2024

Illustrative decays highlight the range of rise (15 to 45 ns) and decay times (27 to 76 ns).
Synthesis and characterization of cis and trans cobalt(ii) nalidixate complexes having a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)urea ligand
Authors: Brahma Rinki , Singh Abhay Pratap , Baruah Jubaraj Bikash
Published: July 2024

cis-Isomer showing solvent-dependent circular dichroism in solution.
Engineering VOx structure by integrating oxygen vacancies for improved zinc-ion storage based on cation-doping regulation with electric density
Authors: Xu Juan , Han Nengneng , Chen Sihao , Zhang Yahui , Jing Yuezhou , Bing Pibin , Li Zhongyang
Published: July 2024

Cation-embedding and oxygen-vacancy co-modified VOx thin-sheet-microspheres assembled with nanoparticles were designed for zinc-ion batteries with a high rate capacity.
Enhanced photovoltaic performance of silicon solar cells using a down-shift KCa2Mg2(VO4)3 phosphor
Authors: Su Hong , Dou Cong , Dou Fan , Li Wen , Li Jiachen , Chao Xiaolian , Yang Zupei , Wang Xiaoming , Jiao Huan
Published: July 2024

KCMV and EVA were combined to participate in the packaging of solar cells, in which the KCMV phosphor with a down-shift effect can increase the absorption of sunlight by solar cells, thus improving the conversion efficiency of silicon solar cells.
A novel borate phosphor Lu5Ba6B9O27:Ce3+ codoped with Sr2+/Tb3+ for NUV-white light emitting diode application
Authors: Ma Chenggang , Chen Hailiang , Luo Min , Duan Fuyun , Ding Yun , Han Yihang , Zheng Tianxiang , Yang Xun , Xiao Yu
Published: July 2024

By doping Sr2+ in Lu5Ba6B9O27:Ce3+, the luminescence intensity can be enhanced, whereas doping Tb3+ can improve the thermal stability of luminescence.
The formation of sulfur metabolites during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of fish, white meat and red meat is affected by the addition of fructo-oligosaccharides
Authors: Elias Masiques Núria , Vossen Els , De Vrieze Jo , De Smet Stefaan , Van Hecke Thomas
Published: July 2024

The formation of sulfur metabolites during large intestinal fermentation of red meat may affect intestinal health.
Gold(i) and gold(iii) carbene complexes from the marine betaine norzooanemonin: inhibition of thioredoxin reductase, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Mahdavi Seyedeh Mahbobeh , Bockfeld Dirk , Esarev Igor V. , Lippmann Petra , Frank René , Brönstrup Mark , Ott Ingo , Tamm Matthias
Published: July 2024

Gold(i/iii) complexes based on the marine natural betaine norzooanemonin display excellent antibacterial and cyctotoxic activity based on the nature of carboxylate functionalization.
Full-spectrum plasmonic semiconductors for photocatalysis
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Huang Baibiao , Li Juan , Li Baojun , Lou Zaizhu
Published: July 2024

This review provides a summary of the characteristics, types, synthesis and characterization of plasmonic semiconductors, the mechanism of full-spectrum plasmonic photocatalysis, and the photocatalytic applications of plasmonic semiconductors.
van der Waals-bonded graphene clusters enhance thermal conductivity of phase-change materials for advanced thermal energy management
Authors: Sun Liwen , Wang Yandong , Chen Lu , Ying Junfeng , Li Qiuyu , Fu Li , Yan Qingwei , Wu Kai , Xue Chen , Yu Jinhong , Jiang Nan , Nishimura Kazuhito , Lin Cheng-Te , Dai Wen
Published: July 2024

Through highly oriented arrangement of graphene, ultra-low junction thermal resistance structure, and phase-change microcapsule technology, we developed composites with high thermal conductivity (103 W m−1 K−1) and fast phase-change heat absorption.
Experimental investigation of a biomass-derived nanofluid with enhanced thermal conductivity as a green, sustainable heat-transfer medium and qualitative comparison via mathematical modelling
Authors: Bijapur Kiran , Mandal Samir , Siddheshwar P. G. , Bose Suryasarathi , Hegde Gurumurthy
Published: July 2024

Cost effective nanofluid from biomass: waste to wealth approach.
Recent applications of coinage metal nanoparticles passivated with salicylaldehyde and salicylaldehyde-based Schiff bases
Authors: Sahu Mamta , Ganguly Mainak , Sharma Priyanka
Published: July 2024

Coinage metal nanoparticles capped with salicylaldehyde and its derivatives have numerous applications.
Preparation and characterization of conductive and multi-network nanocomposite hydrogels as potential scaffolds for electroactive tissues
Authors: Tutar Rumeysa , Ceylan Deniz , Çelebi-Saltik Betül
Published: July 2024

Electroactive scaffolds are increasingly used to mimic the microenvironment of electroactive tissues such as the heart and nerves.
Fenton-RAFT polymerization in organic media
Authors: Reyhani Amin , Wylie Ross A. L. , Santha Kumar Arunjunai R. S. , Rasines Mazo Alicia , Mazaheri Omid , Mumford Kathryn A. , Qiao Greg G.
Published: July 2024

Organic Fenton-RAFT polymerization has been successfully carried out as a redox-initiated RAFT process in DMSO by using iron(ii) metal–organic framework particles coupled with hydrogen peroxide.
A purely inorganic germanium–molybdenum–oxo cluster with ruthenium participation for visible-light-driven CO2 reduction
Authors: Li Kunhong , Hong Yumei , Ma Xinyi , Zhao Yujie , Zhang Shihao , Ma Pengtao , Niu Jingyang , Wang Jingping
Published: July 2024

A new ruthenium-containing polyoxometalate was used for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The yields of CH4 and CO reached 91.31 μmol g−1 h−1 and 11.85 μmol g−1 h−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the electron selectivity of CH4 was up to 96.84%.
A derived-Cu catalyst with a potential-driven interface and tensile strain for enhancing CO2 electrocatalytic reduction
Authors: Chang Fangfang , Lin Zihan , Liu Yongpeng , Zhang Qing , Wang Xiaolei , Bai Zhengyu
Published: July 2024

The ability to adjust the composition and surface structure of Cu-based nanomaterials is important for designing catalysts to effectively convert CO2 into multi-carbon products via electrocatalytic reduction.
Ternary chloride-free electrolyte design for highly efficient aqueous zinc–iodine batteries with four-electron conversion
Authors: Han Wei , Zhao Jinghao , Li Xin
Published: July 2024

The designed ternary hybrid aqueous electrolyte assists Zn–I2 batteries achieve an enhanced capacity and energy performance compared with that of the conventional ZnSO4 electrolyte.
FeNi alloys embedded in porous carbon shells on a dual substrate as efficient electrocatalysts for zinc–air batteries
Authors: Guo Han , Yao Guangxu , Feng Chuanzhen , Wang Mi , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Yu
Published: July 2024

This work prepared a novel ORR/OER catalyst and applied it to liquid/flexible zinc–air batteries, which exhibited excellent performance.
Conductive hydrogels as an “innovative healer” for the treatment of diabetic wounds
Authors: Zhao Jingyi , Gao Chen , Guo Wenlai , Zhang Boxiang , Ren Sixu , Wu Siyu , Guo Jie , Qu Wenrui
Published: July 2024

Conductive hydrogels, with their electrical stimulation effects and properties, are potential candidates for treating diabetic wounds.
Double strain-release enables formal C–O/C–F and C–N/C–F ring-opening metathesis
Authors: Zhu Yulei , Jia Jie , Song Xiangyu , Gong Chunyu , Xia Ying
Published: July 2024

The first ring-opening C(sp3)–O/C(sp3)–F bond metathesis reaction between gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes and epoxides is reported. Azetidine is also a suitable substrate for C–N/C–F bond metathesis.
Direct writing of graphene electrodes for point-of-care electrochemical sensing applications
Authors: Zhao Lei , Piper Andrew , Rosati Giulio , Merkoçi Arben
Published: July 2024

Non-contact, maskless, direct writing methods allow the rapid, large-scale production of graphene electrodes with high design flexibility, showing great promise for point-of-care electrochemical sensing applications.
Multilayered frequency-selective and high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding materials derived from waste polyurethane foam
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wang Qunhao , Zhou Zehang , Sui Zengyan , Wang Chao , Lu Canhui
Published: July 2024

A groundbreaking approach to unique tunable frequency-selective EM shielding by developing a multilayered, high-performance CPC using recycled materials.
Nanoporous Ni current collectors with cone array supported Sn–Co alloys as anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Kang Hong , Liu Huanyan , Gou Hongmei , Zhang Shichao , Liu Wenbo
Published: July 2024

Template-free electrodeposition creates nanoporous Sn–Co alloy electrodes, serving as binder-free anodes for lithium-ion batteries with enhanced lithium kinetics and stability.
Environmentally stable Mn-doped CsPbX3@CsPb2X5 core–shell materials with efficient energy transfer
Authors: Zhang Chen , Xu Luxia , Wang Minqiang , Da Zheyuan , Shi Jindou , Wang Junnan , Yao Qing , Tian Jinshou , Gaponenko Nikolai V. , Xu Youlong
Published: July 2024

CsPbX3@CsPb2X5 composites were obtained in one step by controlling the reaction time and precursor ratio, and their energy transfer efficiency and stability were significantly improved benefiting from the protection of the CsPb2X5 shell.
Improvement of the energy storage performance of antiferroelectric Pb,La(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films by the LaNiO3 buffer layer on the metal electrode
Authors: Cao Zixin , Li Yawei , Shang Liyan , Jiang Kai , Zhu Liangqing , Hu Zhigao
Published: July 2024

Improved energy storage capability is achieved in an antiferroelectric capacitor through the introduction of a LaNiO3 buffer layer on the metal electrode.
Binary orbit and disks properties of the RW Aur system using ALMA observations
Authors: Kurtovic N. T. , Facchini S. , Benisty M. , Pinilla P. , Cabrit S. , Jensen E. L. N. , Dougados C. , Booth R. , Kimmig C. N. , Manara C. F. , Rodriguez J. E.
Published: July 2024

Context. The dynamical interactions between young binaries can perturb the material distribution of their circumstellar disks, and modify the planet formation process. In order to understand how planets form in multiple stellar systems, it is necessary to characterize both their binary orbit and their disks properties.

Aims. In order to constrain the impact and nature of the binary interaction in the RW Aur system (bound or unbound), we analyzed the circumstellar material at 1.3 mm wavelengths, as observed at multiple epochs by the Atacama Large (sub-)millimeter Array (ALMA).

Methods. We analyzed the disk properties through parametric visibility modeling, and we used this information to constrain the dust morphology and the binary orbital period.

Results. We imaged the dust continuum emission of RW Aur with a resolution of 3 au, and we find that the radius enclosing 90% of the flux (R90%) is 19 au and 14 au for RW Aur A and B, respectively. By modeling the relative distance of the disks at each epoch, we find a consistent trend of movement for the disk of RW Aur B moving away from the disk of RW Aur A at an approximate rate of 3 mas yr−1 (about 0.5 au yr−1 in sky-projected distance). By combining ALMA astrometry, historical astrometry, and the dynamical masses of each star, we constrain the RW Aur binary stars to be most likely in a high-eccentricity elliptical orbit with a clockwise prograde orientation relative to RW Aur A, although low-eccentricity hyperbolic orbits are not ruled out by the astrometry. Our analysis does not exclude the possibility of a disk collision during the last interaction, which occurred 295−74+21 yr ago relative to beginning of 2024. Evidence for the close interaction is found in a tentative warp of 6 deg in the inner 3 au of the disk of RW Aur A, in the brightness temperature of both disks, and in the morphology of the gas emission. A narrow ring that peaks at 6 au around RW Aur B is suggestive of captured material from the disk around RW Aur A.
Isometric Shoulder and Hip Strength Impact on Throwing Velocity and
Reactive Strength
Authors: Kayhan Recep Fatih , Terzi Esranur , Bayrakdaroğlu Serdar , Ceylan Halil İbrahim , Bıyıklı Türker
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to examine relationships between shoulder
extension-flexion and internal-external rotation strength of professional male
handball players with throwing velocity, and the hip extension-flexion strength
with horizontal and vertical reactive strength index. Fifteen professional male
handball players participating in 1st League matches took part in the
study. The results showed that isometric shoulder flexion and extension strength
significantly predicted stable throwing velocity (r2=between
0.27–0.73) and dynamic throwing velocity (r2=between 0.30–0.62). In
addition, isometric internal and external rotation strength significantly
predicted stable throwing velocity (r2=between 0.32–0.54) and dynamic
throwing velocity (r2=between 0.31–0.44). Moreover, isometric hip
extension and flexion strength significantly predicted vertical reactive
strength index (r2=between 0.31–0.45) and horizontal reactive
strength index (r2=between 0.26–0.42). In conclusion, it was observed
that shoulder strength has an enhancing effect on handball players'
throwing velocity, while hip strength is a determining factor for the reactive
strength index. In this context, it is assumed that shoulder weakness during
throwing will affect the accuracy and velocity of throwing by disrupting the
angular momentum, while weakness in the hip during the jump phase of the
throwing motion will negatively affect the explosive power by limiting
stabilization during landing.
Adaptive Changes in Longitudinal Arch During Long-distance
Running
Authors: Ren Weiyan , Wang Yan , Yan Zhaoqi , Chu Zhaowei , Yang Fan , Jan Yih-Kuen , Yao Jie , Pu Fang
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the biomechanical adaptations of the longitudinal arch
(LA) in long-distance runners, focusing on changes in stiffness, angle, and
moment during a 60-minute run. Twenty runners participated in this experiment,
and were asked to run at a speed of 2.7 m·s-1 for 60 minutes. The
kinematic and kinetic data collected at five-minute intervals during running
were calculated, including the stiffness of LA in the loading phase
(k

load
) and the stiffness of LA in the
unloading phase (k

unload
), the maximum LA moment
(M

max
), the range of LA angle change
(∆θ

range
), and the maximum LA angle change
(∆θ

max
). Foot morphology was also scanned before
and after running. Variations of kinematic and kinetic data were analyzed
throughout the running activity, as well as variations of foot morphology pre-
and post-run. Results showed that there was a significant decrease in
k

load
(p<0.001), coupled with increases in
∆θ

range
(p=0.002) and
∆θ

max
(p<0.001), during the first 15 minutes of
running, which was followed by a period of mechanical stability. No differences
were found in k

unload
and M

max

throughout the running process and the foot morphology remained unchanged after
running. These results highlight a critical adaptation phase that may be pivotal
for improving running economy and performance.
Conjunctival Histopathological Changes and Clinical Tear Film in Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Bayat Alper Halil , Aydemir Gozde Aksoy , Aydemir Emre , Özkan Haci Hasan , Yardimci Gürkan , Türk Bilge Aydin , Kilinç Emine Özkul
Published: July 2024

Purpose Evaluation of changes in the ocular surfaces in children with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods Thirty-six children with a diagnosis of AD (Eye-AD group) and 40 healthy subjects (Eye-HS group) were enrolled in this prospective case-control study. Tear film break-up time (T-BUT), Schirmer tear test (STT), conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus area (TMA), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were measured.

Results The participants were similar in terms of demographic characteristics, such as mean age and gender (p > 0.05). The mean T-BUT was 9.3 ± 2.22 s (5 – 16) in the Eye-AD group and 11.83 ± 2.03 s (7 – 16) in the Eye-HS group. The mean STT was 11.12 ± 3.28 mm (5 – 21) in the Eye-AD group and 15.44 ± 3.8 mm (8 – 20) in the Eye-HS group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean OSDI scores were 13.12 ± 1.41 (10 – 15) in the Eye-AD group and 13.97 ± 2.93 (8 – 20) in the Eye-HS group (p = 0.052). Mean TMH and TMA were 306.48 ± 7.29 µm and 0.22 ± 0.004 mm2, respectively, in the Eye-AD group, and 312.94 ± 5.31 µm and 0.027 ± 0.005 mm2, respectively, in the Eye-HS group. In the CIC analyses, 22 of the samples in the Eye-AD group and 35 in the Eye-HS group had a classification of grade 0, 10 in the Eye-AD group and 5 in the Eye-HS group had a classification of grade 1, and 4 in the Eye-AD group and none in the Eye-HS group had a
classification of grade 2 (p = 0.015).

Conclusion Pediatric patients with AD may have significant changes in conjunctival histopathology. These changes can be manifested in the tests used to measure the tear film. Dry eye was shown to be present in the majority of children with AD.
Temperature-Controlled Synthesis of Thiophenol-VBXs from EBXs and Thiophenols
Authors: Zhou Chuang , Chen Lian-Mei , Guo Xiao-Qiang , Kang Tai-Ran , Li Jun , Chen Xing-Yu
Published: July 2024

Vinylbenziodoxolones (VBXs) are important electrophilic alkene synthons. However, the synthesis of cis-thiophenol-VBX reagents from ethynylbenziodoxolones (EBXs) and thiophenols remains challenging. Herein, we explore an efficient method for the synthesis of cis-thiophenol-VBXs in excellent yield with excellent regio- and stereoselectivities from EBXs and thiophenols under temperature-controlled conditions.
Navigating the maze: the effects of algorithmic management on employee performance
Authors: Liu Mengzhe , Lan Yuanyuan , Liu Zhen , Liu Mingyue , Xia Yuhuan
Published: July 2024

Recent computer science advancements are now integrated into the workplace, where management increasingly uses algorithm systems. However, despite numerous studies focusing on the impact of algorithms on employees, research on employee creative and adaptive performance remains relatively scarce. To address this research gap, we applied the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) theory and developed a moderated mediation model to examine how algorithmic management affects employee creative and adaptive performance. We administered a survey questionnaire within an information technology service firm in northern China and collected valid responses from 327 employees. We then analyzed the gathered data using SPSS 27.0 and Mplus 8.3 to test the proposed hypotheses. The research findings revealed a potential negative impact of algorithmic management on employee creative and adaptive performance. Specifically, we found that algorithmic management inhibits employees’ improvisation capability, resulting in decreased creative and adaptive performance. Furthermore, we discovered that algorithmic dependence can magnify the negative impact of algorithmic management on improvisation capability. This study offers fresh perspectives on algorithmic management’s impact on employee creative and adaptive performance, contributing to the existing literature. This research delves into the theoretical and practical significance of these findings.
Education legislations that equalize: a study of compulsory schooling law reforms in post-WWII United States
Authors: Liu Ji
Published: July 2024

Compulsory schooling laws are commonly believed to be effective measures in ensuring individuals benefit from education. However, their implications for racial equality are less-apparent. Exploiting timing and geographic variation in legislation reforms among Southern U.S. states, this study evaluates the differential impact of minimum school-leaving age requirements on short- and long-term labor market outcomes between Black and White men. Results show that each additional year of compulsory schooling produces about 7.3–8.2% increase in adulthood weekly income. While there exists a substantial gap in returns to education between Black and White men at early career stages, this gap is reduced by 37 percentage points at mid-late career. Findings imply that mandating compulsory school attendance motivates both Black and White men to stay in school longer, and thus reducing racial gaps in returns to education.
Optimisation of a multilevel logistics network for prepositioned warehouses under an omni-channel retail model
Authors: Li Chenxing , Shi Xianliang
Published: July 2024

A new omni-channel retailing mode, prepositioned warehouses, which developed rapidly in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, was introduced, and a three-level logistics network optimisation model for agricultural products was presented. This study takes into account the characteristics of the omni-channel retail model, which combines the two delivery methods of vehicle delivery and consumer in-store purchase, adds the freshness penalty incurred by fresh agricultural products in the storage process of the prepositioned warehouse, and establishes a mathematical optimisation model of the three-stage logistics network of the prepositioned warehouse that meets the characteristics of omni-channel retailing on the basis of the classical EOQ inventory model. In this work, the shortest delivery time and the smallest total cost are set as the optimisation objectives, and the multi-objective problem is transformed into a single objective through normalisation and linear weighting methods to obtain a mixed-integer optimisation model. This paper solves the problems of site selection for prepositioned warehouses, merchandise replenishment strategies, and optimisation of delivery routes based on data from real cases. Additionally, through sensitivity analysis, the management inspiration of the enterprise is obtained.
A setup for synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy and imaging under magnetic field and low temperature
Authors: Hu Chuansheng , Liu Hengjie , Zhu Huachun , Xie Shiyu , Zhang Huanyu , Chen Min , Qi Zeming
Published: July 2024

Infrared spectroscopy is a powerful spectroscopic technique for investigating the vibrational and electronic states of matter. Temperature and magnetic field provide important methods to manipulate these states by an external field. Recent advancements have underscored the necessity for investigating small samples like two-dimensional materials with high spatial resolution. In this article, we introduce a versatile setup at the synchrotron infrared beamline, which combines synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy and imaging techniques with the application of magnetic fields and low temperature conditions. This setup facilitates infrared microscopic imaging in magnetic fields up to 8 T and temperatures as low as 5 K, offering a distinctive tool for probing the physical properties of materials under magnetic field and temperature manipulation. This is particularly relevant for studying two-dimensional materials, single cells, and other small samples in geoscience and environmental science, as well as multi-component heterogeneous properties in quantum materials, polymer materials, energy materials, etc.
Experimental and numerical investigation on rotating stall flow pattern in a counter-rotating axial compressor
Authors: Zhang Qian , An Guangfeng , Wang Hongwei , Zou Zhengping
Published: July 2024

Rotational stall is a common flow instability phenomenon in axial and centrifugal compressors. The experimental and numerical results of the three-dimensional flow field in a low-speed counter-rotating axial compressor operating in deep rotating stall are presented in this paper. The obtained results provide a detailed description of the flow inside and outside the stall cell. The circumferential flow of the reversed flow upstream and downstream is dominated, respectively, by the counter-rotating front and rear row rotors. The reverse flow downstream reenters the rear row rotor and the front rotor at higher blade heights, undergoing repeated work by the rotors. This leads to the formation of a high-pressure region at the leading edge of stall cell, which is essential for maintaining stall conditions upstream of rotors. Stalls primarily occur in the middle and tip regions with elevated pressure, while the downstream stall cell exhibits significant spreading from hub to tip with some circumferential bias.
Dynamic instability in lift-type reentry capsule at supersonic flow
Authors: Okano Yasuhito , Sato Shintaro , Nagai Hiroki , Ohnishi Naofumi
Published: July 2024

Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate dynamic instability of a Japanese lift-type reentry capsule, which is named H-II transfer vehicle Recovery Vehicle (HRV), at Mach 1.2 by comparing two capsule shapes of an original HRV model and a model with a different shoulder angle of 10°. The 10° model has a thicker aft-body with a smaller shoulder angle than the original model. A previous pitch-direction One-Degree Of Freedom (1DOF) experiment revealed that the original model was dynamically stable, whereas the 10° model was dynamically unstable at Mach 1.2. So as to reproduce the same trends as the experiment, a high-order numerical scheme and zonal detached eddy simulation were employed. In fixed angle simulations, we found that the static longitudinal stability of the 10° model is higher than that of the original model in contrast with the observed dynamic stability. 1DOF free oscillation simulations successfully reproduced the same trends as the experiment. We elucidated that the main factor of the dynamic instability of the HRV-type capsule is a hysteresis of a boundary layer separation on the upper side of the capsule. The hysteresis is induced by a variation of momentum in a boundary layer due to capsule motion. We also found that for HRV-type capsules, the lower the static stability within the statically stable range, the higher the dynamic stability might be. In addition, on the lower side, a sign of the work exerted by surrounding flow is different between the original model and the 10° model. A dynamic mode decomposition analysis indicated that the vortex structures on the capsule wake might induce this difference.
Raman spectroscopy capabilities for advanced semiconductor technology devices
Authors: Nuytten Thomas , Bogdanowicz Janusz , Sergeant Stefanie , Fleischmann Claudia
Published: July 2024

In semiconductor processing and metrology, Raman spectroscopy is a valuable characterization tool because of its nondestructive nature, high throughput, and versatility in terms of parameter sensitivity. However, with the miniaturization of semiconductor devices, the inherent diffraction limit of the optical technique becomes a roadblock. In order to re-enable the strengths of Raman spectroscopy at the nanometer scale, we exploit polarization-induced enhancement effects that focus the excitation light into the region of interest, without the need for external probes or particles. This allows the detection of structures with dimensions far smaller than the excitation wavelength, unlocking the strengths of Raman spectroscopy at the nanoscale for, e.g., stress and composition measurements. Moreover, under these conditions the experiment probes the totality of the materials stack and we show how this transforms the technique into a volumetric and geometric measurement. The result is a completely new application domain for Raman spectroscopy as a critical dimensional metrology toolkit for a wide variety of semiconducting and metallic materials.