bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAUSES AND CONTROL OF FRUIT CRACKING IN POMEGRANATE: A REVIEW
Authors: Ikram Sufian , Nafees Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Pomegranate is an ancient fruit and is under cultivation through prehistoric times. Ancient and modern medical sciences have acknowledged and utilized the medicinal capabilities of pomegranate. One of the major factors limiting yield in pomegranate production is fruit splitting/cracking, losses due to fruit cracking could be as high as 40-60 percent in a given production year. Appearance of splits/cracks on fruit skin greatly reduce the yield and quality of produce. Cracked skin exposes arils to severity of environment, inset/pests, birds, microorganisms and bacterial/fungal pathogens. Stage of cracking is also an important factor as premature cracking greatly reduces yield and cracking at harvest stage reduces fruit quality, post-harvest life. This review highlights causes of fruit cracking in pomegranate and attempt is made for suggesting the best possible control for fruit cracking. In pomegranate environmental, genetic, diseases, physiological, and nutritional factors influence cracking. Varieties show variant intensity of cracking in same environmental and cultural conditions, genes responsible for cracking are reported in many fruit crops. Improper cultural practices and severity in environmental conditions, increased air temperature, moisture imbalance, hot dry winds, heavy rainfall following a dry spell and difference in day and night temperature also influence cracking. It can be reduced by selecting best suitable plants, using good orchard management and advanced production technology. This review addresses both researchers and growers as it provides necessary information about recent studies and points out the areas that need to be explored. For growers it suggests the best possible control and awareness about selection of right cultivars.
RETRACTED: The Role of Tourism Destination and Human Resources in Sustainable Tourism Implementation in Indonesia
Authors: Arcana Komang Trisna Pratiwi , Sudarmawan I Wayan Eka
Published: February 2021

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. It is reported that this article has been published in Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism Vol 5, No 2 (2019) [https://jbhost.org/jbhost/index.php/jbhost/issue/view/8]. Authors have been contacted regarding this and have admitted submitting this paper by mistake.    We apologize to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.The development of world tourism experienced a surge in tourist arrivals both international and domestic. Developments, the share of the global tourism market and new opportunities to serve the middle class is growing rapidly. The group of potential domestic tourists are expected to ensure that tourism remains a strategic sector in the national development agenda. Indonesia is very much has a very attractive tourist destination, and Bali in particular, of course, strongly felt the impact of the surge in tourist arrivals. Readiness of Tourism Human Resources are needed to support the sustainable tourism program.
Tourism Satisfaction Analysis of Tourism Packages as Tourism Products in Paksebali Village, Klungkung, Bali
Authors: Pantiyasa I Wayan , Prabawati Ni Putu Diah
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of satisfaction of tourists who visit and enjoy tour packages as a product of the tourism village of Paksebali, Klungkung, Bali. Data were collected by interviewing, observing, and distributing questionnaires to 100 tourists (incidental sampling). Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis techniques through Index Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The result of the study is the tourists are satisfied. The indicators considered important by tourists are the friendliness of tour guides and the performance that exceeds their expectations. Indicator considered less important by tourists are the procedures for serving food and beverages, and the price suitability for tour packages. An indicator considered less important by tourists and felt too excessive is the cleanliness of the village environment. The tourists also hope that the tour time will be extended so they can be more involved in community activities.
Generation Z Awareness on Food Waste Issues (a Study in Tangerang, Indonesia)
Authors: Lemy Diena Mutiara , Rahardja Audrey , Kilya Cynthia Swastika
Published: February 2021

With resources becoming scarcer, waste of food is something to be avoided. Food waste must be minimized by using various ways to avoid waste in terms of food loss and food waste. In Indonesia itself, without realizing it, the issue of leftover food becomes very big. According to the Head of Representative of the United Nations Food Agency (FAO), Mark Smulders, of the approximately 1.3 trillion tons of food that was lost or wasted, Indonesia contributed around 13 million tons of food waste (food loss and food waste). This study will explore Generation Z's level of awareness of leftover food in Indonesia, especially in the Tangerang and surrounding areas. This research is exploratory in nature. The method is used to research something (which attracts attention) that is not yet known, not understood, or not well recognized. The date is collected using questionnaire that were distributed to respondents, namely Generation Z in Tangerang and its surrounding areas. From the results of data processing and tests carried out in this study, it can be concluded that the current awareness of Generation Z on the issue of leftover food must be raised, because the issue of leftover food itself is one of the issues of environmental preservation. The level of awareness of the issue of leftover food from Generation Z as the next generation must be increased, because only less than half of respondents are aware of this issue of leftovers.
Covid 19: Antara Angka Kematian dan Angka Kelahiran
Authors: Fuadi Tuti Marjan , Irdalisa
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to see the phenomenon of increasing mortality rates and birthrates during the Covid 19 pandemic. Pandemic Covid 19 has a lot of life, the number of victims worldwide reached 1.49 million people, and Indonesia as many as 17.199 people. To break the chain of the spread of the coronavirus, the Indonesian government has implemented a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy. The PSBB policy taken by the government at least influenced the increase in pregnancy rates, so a baby boom was predicted in 2021. The data in this paper comes from literature studies and relevant online newspapers. The results of this study are; 1) The cause of the high death rate due to Covid-19 is caused by individual factors and external factors. 2) The death rate has reached 17,081 with the number of cases 543,975 where Male groups are more prone to becoming victims of Covid 19 than women. Covid-19 victims in men are 55% higher than women. The high number of men exposed to Covid 19 is influenced by biological factors and social factors. 3) The birth rate has increased due to several supporting factors i.e the implementation of PSBB by the government resulted in more time with family, which led to an increase in pregnancy rates. Furthermore, access to health services is difficult so that many married couples do not visit health services for contraceptive programs until many women conceding and unplanned pregnancies.

Abstrak

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk melihat fenomena peningkatan angka kematian dan peningkatan angka kelahiran selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Pademi Covid-19 telah menelan korban jiwa yang tidak sedikit, jumlah korban jiwa seluruh dunia mencapai 1.49 juta jiwa dan di Indonesia sebanyak 17,199 jiwa. Untuk memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus corona pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Kebijakan PSBB yang diambil oleh pemerintah setidaknya telah memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan angka kehamilan, sehingga diprediksikan akan terjadi baby boom pada tahun 2021 . Data dalam tulisan ini diperoleh dari studi literatur serta surat kabar online yang relevan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah; 1) Penyebab tingginya angka kematian akibat Covid-19 disebabkan oleh faktor individu dan faktor eksternal. 2) Angka kematian telah mencapai 17.081 dengan jumlah kasus 543.975 dimana kelompok laki-laki lebih rentan menjadi korban Covid 19 dibandingkan perempuan. Korban Covid-19 pada pria 55% lebih tinggi dibandingkan wanita. Tingginya angka pria terpapar Covid 19 dipengaruhi oleh faktor biologis dan faktor sosial. 3) Angka kelahiran yang meningkat karena beberapa faktor pendukung yaitu pelaksanaan PSBB oleh pemerintah mengakibatkan lebih banyak waktu bersama keluarga sehingga menyebabkan peningkatan angka kehamilan. Terlebih lagi, akses terhadap layanan kesehatan sulit sehingga banyak pasangan suami istri yang tidak mengunjungi layanan kesehatan untuk program kontrasepsi hingga banyak ibu hamil yang melahirkan dan tidak direncanakan.
Faktor yang Memengaruhi Dukungan Suami terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Berdasarkan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
Authors: Yulianti Fenti , Rinawan Fedri Ruluwedrata , Hadisoemarto Panji Fortuna
Published: February 2021

The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding has not yet reached the target both in Indonesia and other countries. One of the factors that influence husband’s support. Husband’s support for exclusive breastfeeding will be influenced by his intention. A person’s planned behavior or intentions can be predicted through their attitudes as described in Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which states that a person’s intention is influenced by behavior belief, outcome evaluation and perceived power. The research aims was to analyze which factors most influenced husband’s support for exclusive breastfeeding based on TPB. The study is a quantitative research using survey method. The sampling technique used multistage sampling to get respondents as many as 90 husbands who have babies aged 0-6 months in Bandung. The instrument used the Partner Breastfeeding Influence Scale (PBIS) and the TPB questionnaire, while the statistical analysis used the Multiple Linear Regression Test. The results of the analysis showed that the husband’s support for exclusive breastfeeding can be categorized as sufficient. Whereas the factors that most influenced the husband’s support for exclusive breastfeeding based on TPB were behavior beliefs (β = 1.8; p = 0.01). These results provide information that a health promotion program design is needed to improve attitudes and support for husband in exclusive breastfeeding.
Abstrak
Cakupan pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif masih belum mencapai target baik di Indonesia maupun di negara lain. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhinya adalah dukungan suami. Dukungan suami terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif akan dipengaruhi oleh intensinya. Perilaku terencana atau intensi seseorang dapat diprediksi melalui sikap yang dimilikinya seperti yang dijelaskan dalam Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) bahwa intensi seseorang dipengaruhi oleh behavior belief, outcome evaluation dan perceive power. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor mana yang paling memengaruhi dukungan suami terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif berdasarkan TPB. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Teknis pengambilan sampel menggunakan multistage sampling untuk mendapatkan responden sebanyak 90 orang suami yang memiliki bayi usia 0-6 bulan di Kota Bandung. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Partner Breastfeeding Influence Scale (PBIS) dan kuesioner TPB sedangkan analisis statistik menggunakan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisis diperoleh besar dukungan suami terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat dikategorikan cukup, sedangkan faktor yang paling memengaruhi dukungan suami terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif berdasarkan TPB adalah behavior beliefs (β=1,8; p=0,01). Hasil ini memberikan informasi bahwa diperlukan suatu rancangan program promosi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan sikap serta dukungan suami dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif.
Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dan Keterpaparan Media Sosial terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Komunitas Wilayah Jabodetabek Tahun 2020
Authors: Kundari Nurul Fadhillah , Hanifah Wardah , Azzahra Gita Aprilla , Islam Nadzira Risalati Qoryatul , Nisa Hoirun
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is able to spread rapidly in humans. Preventive behavior is important for every individual to maintain their health during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the relationship between social support (family, friends, health workers), perceptions of the response to COVID-19, and exposure to social media for COVID-19 prevention behavior. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jabodetabek area in May 2020 with a voluntary sampling technique. The participants were 424 respondents. The proportion of respondents with good COVID-19 prevention behavior was 45.2%. The results of the multivariate analysis showed family support (OR = 2.736; 95% CI = 1.654 - 4.517), peer support (OR = 2.035; 95% CI = 1.205 - 3,436), support from health professionals (OR = 1.729; 95% CI = 1.023 - 2,923); and sources of information regarding COVID-19 (OR = 1,692; 95% CI = 1,036 - 2,764) had a significant relationship with COVID-19 prevention behavior (P <0.05). It can be concluded that family support has dominant influence on COVID-19 prevention behavior in Jabodetabek community. For this reason, social support from the smallest scale (family) and reliable sources of information related to COVID-19 are needed so that community can implement COVID-19 prevention behavior properly in daily life.
Abstrak
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS- CoV-2 dan mampu menyebar dengan cepat pada manusia. Perilaku pencegahan penting dilakukan oleh setiap individu demi menjaga kesehatannya di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan sosial (keluarga, teman, dan tenaga kesehatan), persepsi penanggulangan COVID-19, dan keterpaparan terhadap media sosial terhadap perilaku pencegahan COVID-19. Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2020 di wilayah Jabodetabek dengan teknik voluntary sampling. Responden berjumlah 424 responden. Proporsi responden dengan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 yang baik sebesar 45,2%. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan dukungan keluarga (OR= 2,736; CI 95%= 1,654 - 4,517), dukungan teman (OR=2,035; CI 95%= 1,205 - 3,436), dukungan tenaga kesehatan (OR=1,729; CI 95%= 1,023 - 2,923); dan sumber informasi mengenai COVID-19 (OR= 1,692; CI 95%= 1,036 - 2,764) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 (P<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan keluarga memiliki pengaruh dominan terhadap perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 pada masyarakat Jabodetabek. Oleh karena itu, dukungan sosial dari skala terkecil (keluarga) dan sumber informasi terpercaya sangat dibutuhkan agar masyarakat mampu menerapkan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 dengan baik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Enhanced sensory nerve reactivity in non-eosinophilic asthma
Authors: Ali Hajar , Brooks Collin , Crane Julian , Beasley Richard , Holgate Stephen , Gibson Peter Gerard , Pattemore Philip , Tzeng Yu-Chieh , Stanley Thorsten , Pearce Neil , Douwes Jeroen
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Neural mechanisms may play an important role in
non-eosinophilic asthma. This study compared airway sensory nerve
reactivity, using capsaicin challenge, in eosinophilic and
non-eosinophilic asthma and non-asthmatics. Methods: Thirty-eight
asthmatics and nineteen non-asthmatics (aged 14-21 years) underwent
combined hypertonic saline challenge/sputum induction, exhaled nitric
oxide (FeNO), atopy, and spirometry tests, followed by capsaicin
challenge. Eosinophilic (EA) and non-eosinophilic asthma (NEA) were
defined using a sputum eosinophil cut-point of 2.5%. Airway
hyperreactivity (AHR) was defined as a ≥15% drop in FEV1 during saline
challenge. Sensory nerve reactivity was defined as the lowest capsaicin
concentration that evoked 5 (C5) coughs. Results: Non-eosinophilic
asthmatics (n=20) had heightened capsaicin sensitivity (lower C5)
compared to non-asthmatics (n=19) (geometric mean C5: 58.3μM, 95%
confidence interval 24.1-141.5 vs 193.6μM, 82.2-456.0;
p<0.05). There was a similar (but non-significant) difference
in capsaicin sensitivity in NEA compared with EA (n=18), (58.3μM,
24.1-141.5 vs 191.0μM, 70.9-514.0; p=0.07). FEV1 was significantly
reduced from baseline following capsaicin inhalation in both asthmatics
and non-asthmatics but no differences were found between subgroups. No
associations with capsaicin sensitivity and atopy, sputum eosinophils,
blood eosinophils, asthma control, or treatment were observed.
Conclusion: Non-eosinophilic asthma, but not eosinophilic asthma, showed
enhanced capsaicin sensitivity compared with non-asthmatics. Sensory
nerve reactivity may therefore play an important role in the
pathophysiology of non-eosinophilic asthma.
Gas vesicle protein expression for reconstitution of synthetic gas vesicles in yeast
Authors: Jung Harin , Ling Hua , Tan Yong Quan , Chua Nam-Hai , Yew Wen Shan , Chang Matthew
Published: February 2021

Given the potential applications of gas vesicles (GVs) in multiple
fields including antigen-displaying and imaging, heterologous
reconstitution of synthetic GVs is an attractive and interesting study
that has translational potential. Here, we attempted to express and
assemble GV proteins (GVPs) into GVs using the model eukaryotic organism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We first selected and expressed two core
structural proteins, GvpA and GvpC from cyanobacteria Anabaena
flos-aquae and Planktothrix rubescens, respectively. We then optimized
the protein expression conditions and validated GV assembly in the
context of cell flotation and GV shapes. We found that when two copies
of AnaA were integrated into the genome, it resulted in cell floatation
and GV production regardless of GvpC expression. Next, we co-expressed
chaperone-RFP with the GFP-AnaA to aid the AnaA aggregation. The
co-expression of individual chaperones (Hsp42, Sis1, Hsp104, and GvpN)
with AnaA led to the formation of larger inclusions and enhanced the
sequestration of AnaA into the perivacuolar site. To our knowledge, this
represents the first study on reconstitution of GVs in S. cerevisiae.
Our results could provide insights into optimizing conditions for
heterologous protein expressions as well as the reconstitution of other
synthetic microcompartments in yeast.
Characterization and validation of fragment antigen-binding (Fab) antibody-based immunoassay for deoxymiroestrol, a potent phytoestrogen from Pueraria candollei
Authors: Sae-foo Worapol , Krittanai Supaluk , Juengsanguanpornsuk Wipawee , Yusakul Gorawit , Kitisripanya Tharita , Sakamoto Seiichi , Putalun Waraporn
Published: February 2021

Deoxymiroestrol is the most potent phytoestrogen in chromenes group that
has been found in Pueraria candollei, Thai name known as Kwao Krua Khao.
Several studies reported estrogenic activity of P. candollei in order to
using as hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women.
Previously, specific determination of deoxymiroestrol content by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using polyclonal antibody
(pAb) have been reported. However, production of pAb has limitation and
variability from different batches. Therefore, in this study, we
established quantitative method for determination of deoxymiroestrol
using fragment antigen-binding (Fab) antibody-based immunoassay. The
developed immunoassay has specificity to deoxymiroestrol with a
calibration range of 15.6-1000 ng mL-1. Precision including intra-assay
and inter-assay are 1.48-7.11 and 0.58-9.31%, respectively. Accuracy of
the assay showed in recovery between 99.77-101.61% when spike
deoxymiroestrol standard into the samples. The limit of detection (LOD)
is 30.80 ng mL-1. Comparation antibody-based immunoassay for
determination of deoxymiroestrol using Fab with pAb was represented
consistency (R2 = 0.9807) when analysis roots bark of Pueraria candollei
from difference areas. Therefore, this development assay can apply to
determine deoxymiroestrol content in the plant samples.
The clinical course of children undergoing mastoidectomy due to complicated mastoiditis
Authors: Ziv Oren , Sapir Aviad , Leibowitz Eugene , Kordeluk Sofia , KAPLAN Daniel , El-Saied Sabri
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To determine the immediate post-operative course and outcome
of pediatric patients with complicated acute mastoiditis (CAM)
undergoing simple mastoidectomy. Study Design: A retrospective chart
review of children diagnosed with CAM who underwent a mastoidectomy
during 2012-2019. Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.
Participants: 33 patients were divided into two groups: 17 patients with
subperiosteal abscess (SPA) alone- single complication group (SCG) and
16 patients with SPA and additional complications (sigmoid sinus vein
thrombosis, perisinus fluid/abscess, epidural abscess)-multiple
complications group (MCG). Main Outcome Measures: post-operative data
were collected. Demographics, microbiology data, inflammatory
parameters, hospitalization length, and POF pattern were recorded,
compared, and analyzed. Results: Of 162 acute mastoiditis patients,
33(20.4%) underwent surgery due to CAM; 17(51%) and 16(49%) belonged
to the SCG and MCG, respectively. 6/17(35.3%) SCG patients experienced
POF vs. 12/16(75%) in the MCG (P=0.012). At post-operative day 2
(POD2), 10/13(77%) febrile patients belonged to MCG and 3/13(23%) to
SCG (P=0.013). POF was recorded until POD6 in both groups. Seven
patients, all from MCG with POF, underwent second imaging with no new
findings; A total of 18 positive cultures were reported. Fusobacterium
necrophorum counted for 8/18(44.5%) of all positive cultures,
7/9(77.8%) in the MCG vs. 1/9(11.1 %) in the SCG, P=0.004.
Streptococcus pneumoniae was reported only in SCG (5/9, 55.5%, vs. 0/9,
P=0.008). Conclusion: Post-mastoidectomy fever due to CAM is not unusual
and seems to be a benign condition for the first 5-6 days following
surgery. MCG patients are more prone to develop POF. F. necrophorum is
more likely to be associated with MCG, and S. pneumoniae is common in
SCG patients. Keywords: Mastoiditis, post-operative fever,
complications, microbiology
Integrated application of multi-omics strategies provides insights into the environmental hypoxia response in Pelteobagrus vachelli muscle
Authors: Li Jie , Liang Xia , Xu Jiejie , Zhang Jiajia , Zhang Kai , Ji Jie , Wang Tao , Jia Yongyi , Zhang Guosong , Yin Shaowu
Published: February 2021

Abstract Increasing pressures on aquatic ecosystems due to pollutants,
nutrient enrichment and global warming have severely depleted oxygen
concentrations. This sudden and significant lack of oxygen has resulted
in persistent increases fish mortality rates. Revealing the molecular
mechanism of fish hypoxia adaptation will help researchers to find
hypoxic markers for hypoxia induced by environmental stress. Here, we
used a multi-omics approach to identify several hypoxia-associated
miRNAs, mRNAs, proteins, and metabolites involved in diverse biological
pathways in the muscles of Pelteobagrus vachelli. Our findings revealed
significant hypoxia-associated changes in muscles over 4 h of hypoxia
exposure and discrete tissue-specific patterns. We have previously
reported that P. vachelli livers exhibit increased anaerobic glycolysis,
heme synthesis, erythropoiesis, and inhibit apoptosis when exposed to
hypoxia 4 h. However, the opposite was observed in muscles. According to
our comprehensive analysis, fishes show an acute response to hypoxia,
including activation of catabolic pathways to generate more energy,
reduction of biosynthesis to decrease energy consumption, and shifting
from aerobic to anaerobic metabolic contributions. Also we found that
hypoxia induced muscle dysfunction by impairing mitochondrial function,
activating inflammasomes, and apoptosis. The hypoxia-induced
mitochondrial dysfunction enhanced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and
further triggered IL-1β production via inflammasome activation. In turn,
IL-1β further impaired mitochondrial function or apoptosis by
suppressing downstream mitochondrial biosynthesis-related proteins, thus
resulting in a vicious cycle of inflammasome activation and
mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings contribute meaningful insights
into the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia, and the methods and study
design can be utilized across different fish species.
Magnesium extraction of ferronickel slag processed by alkali fusion and hydrochloric acid leaching
Authors: Prasetyo A.B. , Khaerul A. , Mayangsari W. , Febriana E. , Maksum A. , Andinie J. , Firdiyono F. , Soedarsono J.W.
Published: February 2021

A research using ferronickel slag, the by-product of ferronickel production, as raw material for magnesium extraction was carried out. It is essential to upgrade the value of ferronickel slag instead of used directly for reclamation materials. Moreover, the accumulation due to increasing ferronickel demand as well as the environmental contamination due to various potentially toxic elements contained in the ferronickel slag could be prevented. The general objective of this study is to utilize the ferronickel slag for magnesium materials. The specific objective is to determine the optimum conditions of magnesium extraction in the process of alkali fusion followed by hydrochloric acid leaching. A novel method for magnesium extraction from ferronickel slag was carried out through reducing silica content followed by acid leaching method. Alkali fusion of the mixture of ferronickel slag and Na2CO3 at 1000?C for 60 minutes, followed by water leaching at 100?C for 60 minutes with solid to liquid percentage of 20 % was carried out to separate the silica. The leaching residue resulted from water leaching was then leached using hydrochloric acid solution to extract magnesium. The leaching temperature and time as well as the hycrochloric acid concentration were varied in the acid leaching process. Alkali fusion process proved the sodium silicate can be generated and that it can be separated in the water leaching to the leached solution. Meanwhile, the leaching residue was leached using hydrochloric acid to extract the magnesium. The highest magnesium extraction percentage is 82.67% that resulted from an optimum acid leaching condition with temperature of 80?C for 30 minutes using 2M HCl solution. Based on the kinetics study, the activation energy (Ea) for the leaching reaction of magnesium at atmospheric pressure between 32?C to 80?C is 9.44 kJ/mol and affected by diffusion and chemical reactions.
Actividades motivacionales que favorecen el incremento de la producción empresarial
Authors: Giraldo Duque Cesar Augusto
Published: February 2021

Esta investigación se desarrolló en la ciudad de Bogotá y en el Departamento de Cundinamarca (Colombia) con el fin de identificar los factores que determinan la motivación y satisfacción laboral en empresas que presentan baja producción y asociatividad en los trabajadores, para lo cual se implementaron las teorías de motivación, satisfacción laboral y clima organizacional. Para conocer los problemas internos de forma individualizada se utilizó el estudio del caso, aunque también se implementó el método de investigación-acción para producir cambios en la realidad estudiada. Entre los resultados más relevantes se observó la modificación de la conducta de los jefes directos, ya que buscaban el bienestar de los colaboradores; asimismo, se apreció un acercamiento entre las directivas y el personal operativo, y se mejoró el clima organizacional. Todo esto generó mayor empatía y agrado en el desempeño de las actividades, lo que se tradujo en un incremento en la producción, así como en una mejora en la calidad de los productos y prestación de servicios por parte de los trabajadores.
Rancang Bangun Boiler Pemanas Tahu Kapasitas 90 kW Dengan Tungku Gasifikasi Berbahan Bakar Sekam Padi
Authors: Kartika Ahmad Maulana , Setiawan Aa , Suwandi Dedi , Wardika Wardika
Published: February 2021

Boilers that used in the tofu industry in Indramayu are still use firewood as a fuel. The use of firewood as a fuel in boiler is not effective because it affects the destruction of forests as producers of plants (timber) and oxygen in earth. On the other hand there are also many rice husks that mount in the rice mill and has not been utilized by the surrounding community. Therefore, this research is conducted to utilize rice husk as fuel in boiler for cooking tofu with boiler. This research begins by doing a survey in the field of industry to know about the capacity of traditional wood-fired boilers, which capacity is obtained of 90kW capacity. Then the next step is making boiler husk based on the existing calculations to determine the size of the boiler to be made. Data retrieval is carried out until the temperature of the air boils with a tolerance of up to 30 minutes. Based on the results of the test, the rice husk boiler that has a capacity of 98.3 kW, greater than the value of designing that only 90 kW capacity of combustion and able to heat 190 kg of water within 35 minutes, so it can be used as a substitute of firewood boiler.
Model Perencanaan Performansi Aerodinamika Turbin Angin Darrieus dengan Metode Multiple Streamtube
Authors: Rusmaryadi Heriyanto , Sahim Kaprawi , Homzah Ozkar F.
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan model pemprediksian performansi aerodinamika dari turbin angin Darrieus dengan metode multiple streamtube, memvalidasi model yang didapat dengan model yang sudah ada, dan menggunakan model hasil validasi untuk memprediksi dan menghasilkan data baru untuk turbin dengan skala, ukuran, bentuk, jenis sudu, kecepatan angin  yang berbeda. Dua bentuk sudu rotor turbin juga diadopsi dan dua kumpulan data dari dua jenis sudu yang berbeda dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk melihat seberapa besar perbedaan hasilnya. Torsi dan koefisien daya yang dibangkitkan meningkat seiring penurunan koefisien drag yang merupakan fungsi dari bilangan Reynold. Sudu jenis NACA 0012 jauh lebih baik perfomansinya bila dilihat dari koefisien dayanya.
D5.4 Report on MLMC for time dependent problems
Authors: Ayoul-Guilmard Q. , Ganesh S. , Nuñez M. , Tosi R. , Nobile F. , Rossi R. , Soriano C.
Published: February 2021

In this report, we study the use of Multi-Level Monte Carlo (MLMC) methods for time dependent problems. It was found that the usability of MLMC methods depends strongly on whether or not the underlying time dependent problem is chaotic in nature. Numerical experiments are conducted on both simple problems, as well as fluid flow problems of practical interest to the ExaQUte project, to demonstrate this. For the non-chaotic cases, the hypotheses that enable the use of MLMC methods were found to be satisfied. For the chaotic cases, especially the case of high Reynolds’ number fluid flow, the hypotheses were not satisfied. However, it was found that correlations between the different levels were high enough to merit the use of multi-fidelity or control-variate approaches. It was also noted that MLMC methods could work for chaotic problems if the time window of analysis were chosen to be small enough. Future studies are proposed to examine this possibility.
D4.2 Profiling report of the partner’s tools, complete with performance suggestions
Authors: Amela R. , Badia R. , Böhm S. , Tosi R. , Soriano C. , Rossi R.
Published: February 2021

This deliverable focuses on the proling activities developed in the project with the partner's applications. To perform this proling activities, a couple of benchmarks were dened in collaboration with WP5. The rst benchmark is an embarrassingly parallel benchmark that performs a read and then multiple writes of the same object, with the objective of stressing the memory and storage systems and evaluate the overhead when these reads and writes are performed in parallel. A second benchmark is dened based on the Continuation Multi Level Monte Carlo (C-MLMC) algorithm. While this algorithm is normally executed using multiple levels, for the proling and performance analysis objectives, the execution of a single level was enough since the forthcoming levels have similar performance characteristics. Additionally, while the simulation tasks can be executed as parallel (multi-threaded tasks), in the benchmark, single threaded tasks were executed to increase the number of simulations to be scheduled and stress the scheduling engines. A set of experiments based on these two benchmarks have been executed in the MareNostrum 4 supercomputer and using PyCOMPSs as underlying programming model and dynamic scheduler of the tasks involved in the executions. While the rst benchmark was executed several times in a single iteration, the second benchmark was executed in an iterative manner, with cycles of 1) Execution and trace generation; 2) Performance analysis; 3) Improvements. This had enabled to perform several improvements in the benchmark and in the scheduler of PyCOMPSs. The initial iterations focused on the C-MLMC structure itself, performing re-factors of the code to remove ne grain and sequential tasks and merging them in larger granularity tasks. The next iterations focused on improving the PyCOMPSs scheduler, removing existent bottlenecks and increasing its performance by making the scheduler a multithreaded engine. While the results can still be improved, we are satised with the results since the granularity of the simulations run in this evaluation step are much ner than the one that will be used for the real scenarios. The deliverable nishes with some recommendations that should be followed along the project in order to obtain good performance in the execution of the project codes.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) AND ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Sholikah Ernis , Suprihadi Suprihadi , Nuraeningsih Nuraeningsih
Published: February 2021

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) is a new concept of thinking in Curriculum 2013 in Indonesia, which is based on the revised top three levels in Bloom’s Taxonomy: analyzing, evaluating, and creating. This survey research used 44 students who were purposively sampled. The objective of this research was to determine if there was a linear correlation between HOTS and the English achievement of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus. Using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation in the level of significance .05 and degree of freedom 42, this research showed that there was a high positive significant linear correlation between HOTS and the English achievement of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus. Key words: HOTS, taxonomy, curriculum 2013, English achievement
In Silico Analysis of Physical-Chemical Properties, Target Potential, and Toxicology of Pure Compounds from Natural Products
Authors: Putra Purnawan Pontana , Fauzana Annisa , Lucida Henny
Published: February 2021

Several studies have shown that pure compounds from west sumatera medicinal plants have beneficial therapeutic effects so that they are potential candidates for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Andalas Sitawa Fitolab has been able to produce 10 pure isolates. The development of a new drug candidate requires an in silico study to predict physicochemical properties, potential target, and toxic properties. The purpose of this study was to initially screen the structure of candidates to predict the potential the compound as an API by using big data and machine learning. The chemical structure were analyzed using software and servers. The Software used was Marvin Sketch, QSAR Toolbox, Swiss Potential Target and ChemBioDraw. Results showed that log P of compounds revealed in a range of -0.54 to 4.64, Polar Surface Area (PSA) in range of 20.23 to 315.21. Asiaticoside did not meet Lipinski's rules. Compounds with high potential hazard were catechin, curcumin, andrographolide, asiaticoside deoxyelephantopin, ethylmethoxycinnamate, alpha-mangostin and piperine. The compounds such as curcumin, alpha mangostin, plumbagin, and piperine were predicted to have spesific target proteins. This study concluded that asiaticoside compounds have a high potential hazard, if it was developed as an API.Keywords: analysis of physical-chemical properties, in silico, pure isolate, toxicology
ISLAM DAN PENGUATAN CIVIL SOCIETY DI INDONESIA
Authors: Tenriabeng Mursyid Besse
Published: February 2021

The idea and strengthening of civil society praxis is an alternative model for the struggle towards democratization. In Indonesia, efforts to strengthen civil society cannot be separated from Islam as the religion practiced by the majority of the Indonesian population. Efforts to strengthen civil society cannot ignore religious factors, especially Islam. In fact, in certain cases the existence of Muslims who are inspired by Islamic teachings is the basis for socio-cultural and even political change in Indonesia. The potential of Islamic teachings, which contain elements of beliefs and norms and ethical teachings related to the socio-cultural community practiced by Indonesian Muslims, are very large in determining the socio-cultural format of society. Likewise, in the effort to strengthen civil society, Muslims occupy a leading position which can be expected to be a counterweight to the country's dominant tendency. In other words, quantitatively, Muslims based on Islamic teachings have a prerequisite for the growth and strengthening of civil society in Indonesia. Islam as a religion that is embraced by the majority of Indonesians is a solid foundation in encouraging the strengthening of civil society in Indonesia.
INDONESIA - FREEPORT ECONOMIC DISPUTE
Authors: Azaria Farah Redina
Published: February 2021

PT. Freeport Indonesia began operating in the Mimika district in Papua Province at the Gresberg mining. Their cooperation with Indonesia was marked with a contract of work I (Kontrak Karya / KK), with contract period of 30 years. The contract was made after the legalization of the investment LAW on 7 April 1967. This cooperation had been going long when KK II was established. However, in 2017 there was a change of regulation of natural resources management of Indonesia namely IUPK (Izin Usaha Pertambangan Khusus). This regulation initiated debate between Freeport and Indonesia government to reach a consensus. The method used to collect data in this study is qualitative method. Using mercantilist theory, this study suggests that state income and gains are major aspect in international cooperation.Keywords : Indonesia, Freeport, Mercantilism, and Foreign Policy
Forest - Related Culture and Contribution to Sustainable Development in the Northern Mountain Region in Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Thi Tan Huong , Nguyen Thi Phuong Mai , Duong Thi Huong , Ly Thi Hue
Published: February 2021

The culture of communities living near/in forests indelibly interacts with forest ecosystems, both shaping and adapting to the natural environment. Forest-related cultural dimensions also provide benefits for local economies and social welfare. This study analyses the relationship between local culture and forests of the Tay and the Dao minorities and their contribution to sustainable development in Vo Nhai, a mountainous district in northern Vietnam. The study uses methods of a literature review, participant observation and qualitative interviews with local people. The strong embedded culture with forests that developed over many generations of Tay and Dao people was expressed through their knowledge systems of understanding nature, skills for environmental adaption, health protection and spiritual and recreational activities. The potentials of forest - related culture as a feature of local sustainable development were analysed through contributions in natural resource conservation, economic development and social cohesion. To integrate forest - related culture in sustainable development, some issues need to be better focused on the locality.
The use of Intra-Aortic balloon pump as a left ventricle assist device
Authors: Stroggili Evlabia , Mimikos Stylianos , Karapanagiotidis George
Published: February 2021

The ischemic heart failure constitutes one of the commonest reasons of death nowadays, mainly in the western hemisphere. According to scientific predictions the number of deaths will be aggravated in the foreseeable and distant future. Its management is a separate field of cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery which includes medication, cardiothoracic surgeries and the insertion and use of devices that
assist the heart function, culminating in the implantation of an artificial heart and transplantation. Among the mechanical means available for the support of the insufficient cardiac function, the first aid is provided by the Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP). The IABP constitutes a practical, efficient and low-cost device which is widely used in coronary and cardiothoracic care units all over the world. It provides significant facilitation of the left ventricle that is failing due to ischemia or myocardial infarction. It is inserted intravascularly and it has absolute indications and contraindications. There are various complications that can occur, however its contribution to the assistance of the left ventricle outweighs any problem that might be caused. The aim of the present paper is to present, with the help of historic and literature data, the basic principles of use and function of the IABP and its possible side effects.
Frailty syndrome in the elderly
Authors: Bakas Dimitrios
Published: February 2021

Frailty syndrome is a geriatric syndrome characterized by increased vulnerability to stressors and for which there is no widely recognized and accepted clinical assessment scale. The two most widely used and commonly used frailty assessment indicators are the Frailty Phenotype and Frailty Index. The etiopathogenesis of frailty has complex and multifactorial etiology, with genetic, metabolic, environmental, socio-economic, nutritional, lifestyle, acute and chronic disease risk factors. Frailty is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in the health of older people. Physical exercise is the only intervention
that has been confirmed by research to prevent the appearance of frailty in the elderly. The most effective preventive action is complete, thorough and comprehensive geriatric assessment by an interdisciplinary team.
In depth understanding of the perceptions of people with ileostomy regarding their body image
Authors: Digonis Stefanos
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Overall, the picture that someone has for oneself as integrated and independent man can be put to severe test because of the compulsory dependence that the ileostomy causes. The aim of this study was to investigate in depth the opinions and expectations of patients who have undergone ileostomy, with the ultimate goal of interpreting and better understanding of human emotions in the actual environment to which they belong, highlighting the underlying impact on self- image. Methods: Data collection was performed by individual semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions. The sample consisted of five patients who had undergone surgery ileostomy and were selected by purposive sampling. For data analysis the qualitative methodological approach and specific initial coding «in vivo» was used, as well as thematic content analysis. Results: Nine subcategories were created. Each of them also grouped to record six categories. Afterwards, three themes derived from these categories: a) The soul stressful situation as a specific pattern of perception of self-image, b) The preservation of identity through social support: the imaginary walls of the society towards the patient, c) The subjective feeling of lack of power and lack of attractiveness because of compulsory dependency disease. The ileostomy, permanent or temporary, except of the exhaustively physical symptoms, has serious impact on the mental and social well-being by influencing the way the person sees the change in its body image, resulting in limitations in its personal and social life. The reaction of a patient to his/hers disease can be affected by many variables, including the way that the patient sees himself, the he/she behaves and thinks. Changes in physical appearance, function and body integrity are usually central to the long- or short-term experience of illness and care.
New extensions of associated Laguerre polynomials
Authors: Al-Gonah Ahmed Ali
Published: February 2021

The main object of this paper is to present new extensions of associated Laguerre polynomials. Some integral representations, recurrence relations, generating functions and summation formulae are obtained for these new extended Laguerre polynomials.
Por una ética de la responsabilidad en la alimentación de origen animal: L’animalisme est un anti-humanisme.
Authors: Sandoval-Aragón Sergio Lorenzo
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: criticar los movimientos sociales “animalista”, “anti-especista” y “vegano” cuestionando la validez de la concepción que sus defensores tienen de su propia humanidad y de la satanización del ser humano. Metodología: el análisis pone en juego dos principios analíticos básicos: contra un constructivismo ingenuo, propone analizar no solo las “representaciones” sobre las relaciones entre humanos y animales, sino tambie?n las “pra?cticas” entendidas en su materialidad. Asimismo, según la distinción weberiana, adopta una “e?tica de la responsabilidad” atenta a las consecuencias pra?cticas y no so?lo a las consideraciones abstractas de los principios e?ticos, como hace la “e?tica de conviccio?n”. A partir de esos principios, realiza su análisis apoyado en la historia y antropología de la domesticación animal y las relaciones entre humanos y animales, en datos estadísticos recientes y en una revisión de la literatura, las noticias y la legislación contemporáneas. Resultados: evidenciando los absurdos argumentativos y los peligros políticos y económicos del movimiento comprendido bajo la etiqueta del “animalismo”. Limitaciones: si bien el autor hace referencia a un conocimiento histórico y antropológico general, así como a algunos datos de escala internacional, el estudio está enfocado en Francia. Por otro lado, aunque ello no debilita sus argumentos, podrían dar cabida a un matiz respecto de los efectos negativos, también reales, de la producción y consumo excesivos de carnes y aves, así como de la pesca no regulada, en el mundo. Conclusiones: el autor concluye que el movimiento animalista (junto con el anti-especismo y el veganismo) en Francia y, por extensión, en otras partes del mundo (particularmente en los Estados Unidos de América), y que tiende a ganar cada vez más adeptos e influencia en los debates legislativos, representa un peligro político que podría llegar a tener consecuencias desastrosas para la salud humana y para la economía de muchos países.
Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix, vulva and vagina
Authors: Filonenko E. V. , Trushina O. I. , Novikova E. G. , Zarochentseva N. V. , Rovinskaya O. V. , Ivanova-Radkevich V. I. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: February 2021

In the present review the authors analyzed the effectiveness of treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia I-II-III of the cervix (CIN), vulva (VIN) and vagina (VaIN) using photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is a method based on exposure to light after preliminary introduction of a photosensitizer into the body with the formation of singlet oxygen, which has a cytotoxic effect. The results of research on the use of PDT with various photosensitizers in the complex of therapeutic measures in patients with CIN, VIN, VaIN are presented. These data on the effectiveness and safety of PDT, ease of use allow this medical technology to be attributed to one of the most promising areas in the treatment of pathological intraepithelial changes of the cervix, vulva and vagina. The presented information allows focusing the attention on the PDT method and informing doctors and researchers about the broad prospects for applying this treatment method in clinical practice.