bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Fat Diet Enhances Platelet Activation and Is Associated with Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin 9: An Animal Study
Authors: Saputri Fadlina Chany , Azmi Nuriza Ulul , Puteri Meidi Utami , Damayanti  , Novita Vivi , Marisi Gracia , Oktavira Elin , Sari Aninda Novika , Ronaningtyas Khairunisa , Herawati Enny
Published: October 2023

Platelet activation and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) play pivotal roles in the progression of atherosclerosis to cardiovascular events. It has been reported that hyperlipidemia, a well-documented risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, tends increase platelet activation and PCSK9 expression. However, little is known about this specific mechanism, particularly how nutrition affects platelet activation and PCSK9 levels in hyperlipidemia conditions. This study aimed to assess how a high-fat diet influences platelet activation, its association with PCSK9, and the effects on blood pressure in an animal model. Here, male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, subjected to different high-fat diets for ten weeks with varying nutrient components. The results showed that high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia significantly increased the plasma levels of β-thromboglobulin (β-TG), p-selectin, and platelet factor 4 (PF-4). The blood pressure readings were also elevated post high-fat diet induction. Interestingly, the group with the highest percentage of saturated fatty acid and trans-fat exhibited the highest PCSK9 levels, along with the highest increase in plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and platelet activation parameters. These findings confirm that high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia stimulate platelet activity and PCSK9 levels. Moreover, our results suggest that PCSK9, implicated in hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, may synergistically mediate platelet hyperactivity, aligning with clinical studies. Notably, our results highlight the association between a high-fat diet and PCSK9, providing insights for drug discovery targeting platelet activation in atherosclerosis-induced cardiovascular diseases.
Salmonella Infection in Pigs: Disease, Prevalence, and a Link between Swine and Human Health
Authors: Soliani Laura , Rugna Gianluca , Prosperi Alice , Chiapponi Chiara , Luppi Andrea
Published: October 2023

Salmonella is one of the most spread foodborne pathogens worldwide, and Salmonella infections in humans still represent a global health burden. The main source of Salmonella infections in humans is represented by contaminated animal-derived foodstuffs, with pork products being one of the most important players. Salmonella infection in swine is critical not only because it is one of the main causes of economic losses in the pork industry, but also because pigs can be infected by several Salmonella serovars, potentially contaminating the pig meat production chain and thus posing a significant threat to public health globally. As of now, in Europe and in the United States, swine-related Salmonella serovars, e.g., Salmonella Typhimurium and its monophasic variant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica 1,4,[5],12:i:-, are also frequently associated with human salmonellosis cases. Moreover, multiple outbreaks have been reported in the last few decades which were triggered by the consumption of Salmonella-contaminated pig meat. Throughout the years, changes and evolution across the pork industry may have acted as triggers for new issues and obstacles hindering Salmonella control along the food chain. Gathered evidence reinforces the importance of coordinating control measures and harmonizing monitoring programs for the efficient control of Salmonella in swine. This is necessary in order to manage outbreaks of clinical disease in pigs and also to protect pork consumers by controlling Salmonella subclinical carriage and shedding. This review provides an update on Salmonella infection in pigs, with insights on Salmonella ecology, focusing mainly on Salmonella Choleraesuis, S. Typhimurium, and S. 1,4,[5],12:i:-, and their correlation to human salmonellosis cases. An update on surveillance methods for epidemiological purposes of Salmonella infection in pigs and humans, in a “One Health” approach, will also be reported.
Pooled Pharyngeal, Rectal, and Urine Specimens for the Point-of-Care Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae by Lay Providers in Key Population-Led Health Services in Thailand
Authors: Thammajaruk Narukjaporn , Ramautarsing Reshmie A. , Hiransuthikul Akarin , Suriwong Sujittra , Tasomboon Waranya , Thapwong Prasopsuk , Phunkron Atachai , Saiwaew Somporn , Sangpasert Theeranat , Pankam Tippawan , Avery Matthew , Mills Stephen , Phanuphak Praphan , Phanuphak Nittaya
Published: October 2023

Routine testing for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in people with heightened risk is lacking in Thailand. This study aimed to assess the performance of the Cepheid Xpert CT/NG assay, conducted by key population (KP) lay providers, for CT and NG detection on single-site and pooled specimens from the pharynx, rectum, and urine. Between August and October 2019, 188 men who have sex with men and 11 transgender women were enrolled. Participants collected urine specimens while trained KP lay providers obtained pharyngeal and rectal swabs. Compared to single-site testing with the Abbott RealTime CT/NG assay by medical technologists, the Xpert assay missed one pharyngeal NG infection out of 199 single-site specimens, giving a 93.3% sensitivity for pharyngeal NG and one missed pharyngeal NG infection out of fifty pooled specimens, giving an 88.9% sensitivity for pharyngeal NG. There was no discrepancy between the two assays for CT detection. The Cohen’s Kappa coefficient of pooled specimen testing by the Xpert was 0.93 for NG and 1 for CT when compared to single-site testing by Abbott. Implementing pooled specimen testing by KP lay providers can be a cost-saving strategy to enhance the uptake of CT/NG services for populations facing increased risk.
Verubulin (Azixa) Analogues with Increased Saturation: Synthesis, SAR and Encapsulation in Biocompatible Nanocontainers Based on Ca2+ or Mg2+ Cross-Linked Alginate
Authors: Sedenkova Kseniya N. , Leschukov Denis N. , Grishin Yuri K. , Zefirov Nikolay A. , Gracheva Yulia A. , Skvortsov Dmitry A. , Hrytseniuk Yanislav S. , Vasilyeva Lilja A. , Spirkova Elena A. , Shevtsov Pavel N. , Shevtsova Elena F. , Lukmanova Alina R. , Spiridonov Vasily V. , Markova Alina A. , Nguyen Minh T. , Shtil Alexander A. , Zefirova Olga N. , Yaroslavov Alexander A. , Milaeva Elena R. , Averina Elena B.
Published: October 2023

Tubulin-targeting agents attract undiminished attention as promising compounds for the design of anti-cancer drugs. Verubulin is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor, binding to colchicine-binding sites. In the present work, a series of verubulin analogues containing a cyclohexane or cycloheptane ring 1,2-annulated with pyrimidine moiety and various substituents in positions 2 and 4 of pyrimidine were obtained and their cytotoxicity towards cancer and non-cancerous cell lines was estimated. The investigated compounds revealed activity against various cancer cell lines with IC50 down to 1–4 nM. According to fluorescent microscopy data, compounds that showed cytotoxicity in the MTT test disrupt the normal cytoskeleton of the cell in a pattern similar to that for combretastatin A-4. The hit compound (N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-amine) was encapsulated in biocompatible nanocontainers based on Ca2+ or Mg2+ cross-linked alginate and it was demonstrated that its cytotoxic activity was preserved after encapsulation.
Edible Fruits from the Ecuadorian Amazon: Ethnobotany, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Bioactive Components
Authors: Sánchez-Capa Maritza , Corell González Mireia , Mestanza-Ramón Carlos
Published: October 2023

In the Ecuadorian Amazon region, there are various types of edible fruits that have distinct qualities and benefits. Understanding the uses, properties, and functions of these fruits is important for researching products that are only available in local markets. This review aims to gather and summarize the existing scientific literature on the ethnobotany, physicochemical composition, and bioactive compounds of these native fruits to highlight the potential of the region’s underutilized biodiversity. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA methodology, utilizing databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, Redalyc, and SciELO up to August 2023. The research identified 55 edible fruits from the Ecuadorian Amazon and reported their ethnobotanical information. The most common uses were fresh fruit consumption, preparation of typical food, and medicine. Additionally, nine native edible fruits were described for their physicochemical characteristics and bioactive components: Aphandra natalia (Balslev and Henderson) Barfod; Eugenia stipitate McVaugh; Gustavia macarenensis Philipson; Mauritia flexuosa L.f; Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh; Oenocarpus bataua Mart; Plukenetia volubilis L.; Pouteria caimito (Ruiz and Pav.) Radlk.; and Solanum quitoense Lam. The analyzed Amazonian fruits contained bioactive compounds such as total polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. This information highlights their potential as functional foods and the need for further research on underutilized crops.
Hormonal Interplay Leading to Black Knot Disease Establishment and Progression in Plums
Authors: Shinde Ranjeet , Ayyanath Murali-Mohan , Shukla Mukund , El Kayal Walid , Saxena Praveen , Subramanian Jayasankar
Published: October 2023

Black Knot (BK) is a deadly disease of European (Prunus domestics) and Japanese (Prunus salicina) plums caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Apiosporina morbosa. After infection, the appearance of warty black knots indicates a phytohormonal imbalance in infected tissues. Based on this hypothesis, we quantified phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid, tryptophan, indoleamines (N-acetylserotonin, serotonin, and melatonin), and cytokinins (zeatin, 6-benzyladenine, and 2-isopentenyladenine) in temporally collected tissues of susceptible and resistant genotypes belonging to European and Japanese plums during of BK progression. The results suggested auxin-cytokinins interplay driven by A. morbosa appears to be vital in disease progression by hampering the plant defense system. Taken together, our results indicate the possibility of using the phytohormone profile as a biomarker for BK resistance in plums.
From Waste Vegetable Oil to a Green Compatibilizer for HDPE/PA6 Blends
Authors: Cappello Miriam , Strangis Giovanna , Cinelli Patrizia , Camodeca Caterina , Filippi Sara , Polacco Giovanni , Seggiani Maurizia
Published: October 2023

When properly compatibilized, the blending of polyethylene (PE) and polyamide (PA) leads to materials that combine low prices, suitable processability, impact resistance, and attractive mechanical properties. Moreover, the possibility of using these polymers without prior separation may be a suitable opportunity for their recycling. In this work, the use of an epoxidized waste vegetable oil (EWVO) was investigated as a green compatibilizer precursor (CP) for the reactive blending of a high-density PE (HDPE) with a polyamide-6 (PA6). EWVO was synthesized from waste vegetable cooking oil (WVO) using ion-exchange resin (Amberlite) as a heterogeneous catalyst. HDPE/PA6 blends were produced with different weight ratios (25/75, 75/25, 85/15) and amounts of EWVO (1, 2, 5 phr). Samples with WVO or a commercial fossil-based CP were also prepared for comparison. All the blends were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheology, and mechanical tests. In the case of HDPE/PA6 75/25 and 85/15 blends, the addition of EWVO at 2 phr showed a satisfactory compatibilizing effect, thus yielding a material with improved mechanical properties with respect to the blend without compatibilizer. On the contrary, the HDPE/PA6 25/75 ratio yielded a material with a high degree of crosslinking that could not be further processed or characterized. In conclusion, the results showed that EWVO had a suitable compatibilizing effect in HDPE/PA6 blends with high HDPE content, while it resulted in unsuitable for blends with high content of PA6.
Sustainable Bio-Based Epoxy Resins with Tunable Thermal and Mechanic Properties and Superior Anti-Corrosion Performance
Authors: Teijido Rubén , Ruiz-Rubio Leire , Lanceros-Méndez Senentxu , Zhang Qi , Vilas-Vilela José Luis
Published: October 2023

Bio-based epoxy thermoset resins have been developed from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) cured with tannic acid (TA). These two substances of vegetable origin have been gathering attention due to their accessibility, favorable economic conditions, and convenient chemical functionalization. TA’s suitable high phenolic functionalization has been used to crosslink ESO by adjusting the −OH (from TA):epoxy (from ESO) molar ratio from 0.5:1 to 2.5:1. By means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, resulting in thermosets that evidenced optimal curing properties under moderate conditions (150–160 °C). The thermogravimetric analysis of the cured resins showed thermal stability up to 261 °C, with modulable mechanical and thermal properties determined by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamical mechanical thermal analysis, and tensile testing. Water contact angle measurements (83–87°) and water absorption tests (0.6–4.5 initial weight% intake) were performed to assess the suitability of the resins as waterproof coatings. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed to characterize the anti-corrosive capability of these coatings on carbon steel substrates. Excellent barrier properties have been demonstrated due to the high electrical isolation and water impermeability of these oil-based coatings, without signs of deterioration over 6 months of immersion in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. These results demonstrate the suitability of the developed materials as anti-corrosion coatings for specific applications.
Horizontal Magnetic Anomaly Accompanying the Co-Seismic Earthquake Light of the M7.3 Fukushima Earthquake of 16 March 2022: Phenomenon and Mechanism
Authors: Xie Busheng , Wu Lixin , Mao Wenfei , Wang Ziqing , Sun Licheng , Xu Youyou
Published: October 2023

A horizontal magnetic disturbance accompanying the co-seismic earthquake light (EQL) of the M7.3 Fukushima earthquake of 16 March 2022 was detected by a fluxgate magnetometer installed at the KAK station, which is 270 km south of the EQL and 210 km west of the epicenter. The instantaneous change of the declination component of the geomagnetic field reached about 1.7″, much exceeding the threshold of three-fold error (0.72″). Considering the direction information of the geomagnetic data, the horizontal magnetic disturbance vector was further analyzed, which manifested the normal of the horizontal magnetic disturbance vector passing through the position of the EQL. Combined with the experimental results of pressure-simulated rock current (PSRC), the mechanism of the EQL and the geomagnetic anomaly was proposed to interpret the spatiotemporal correlation between the EQL and the horizontal magnetic disturbance vector, which should be a manifest of the induced magnetic horizontal vector (IMHV), attributed to the upward seismic PSRC. Different from previous precursor studies on geomagnetic disturbance on the power spectrum, vertical component, or polarization, this paper focuses on the direction information of the horizontal magnetic disturbance vector, which could be further applied to locate potential seismogenic zones based on the IMHVs observed by multiple geomagnetic stations.
A Scoping Review of the Validity and Reliability of Smartphone Accelerometers When Collecting Kinematic Gait Data
Authors: Strongman Clare , Cavallerio Francesca , Timmis Matthew A. , Morrison Andrew
Published: October 2023

The aim of this scoping review is to evaluate and summarize the existing literature that considers the validity and/or reliability of smartphone accelerometer applications when compared to ‘gold standard’ kinematic data collection (for example, motion capture). An electronic keyword search was performed on three databases to identify appropriate research. This research was then examined for details of measures and methodology and general study characteristics to identify related themes. No restrictions were placed on the date of publication, type of smartphone, or participant demographics. In total, 21 papers were reviewed to synthesize themes and approaches used and to identify future research priorities. The validity and reliability of smartphone-based accelerometry data have been assessed against motion capture, pressure walkways, and IMUs as ‘gold standard’ technology and they have been found to be accurate and reliable. This suggests that smartphone accelerometers can provide a cheap and accurate alternative to gather kinematic data, which can be used in ecologically valid environments to potentially increase diversity in research participation. However, some studies suggest that body placement may affect the accuracy of the result, and that position data correlate better than actual acceleration values, which should be considered in any future implementation of smartphone technology. Future research comparing different capture frequencies and resulting noise, and different walking surfaces, would be useful.
A Rolling Bearing Fault Feature Extraction Algorithm Based on IPOA-VMD and MOMEDA
Authors: Yi Kang , Cai Changxin , Tang Wentao , Dai Xin , Wang Fulin , Wen Fangqing
Published: October 2023

Since the rolling bearing fault signal captured by a vibration sensor contains a large amount of background noise, fault features cannot be accurately extracted. To address this problem, a rolling bearing fault feature extraction algorithm based on improved pelican optimization algorithm (IPOA)–variable modal decomposition (VMD) and multipoint optimal minimum entropy deconvolution adjustment (MOMEDA) methods is proposed. Firstly, the pelican optimization algorithm (POA) was improved using a reverse learning strategy for dimensional-by-dimensional lens imaging and circle mapping, and the optimization performance of IPOA was verified. Secondly, the kurtosis-square envelope Gini coefficient criterion was used to select the optimal modal components from the decomposed components of the signal, and MOMEDA was used to process the optimal modal components in order to obtain the optimal deconvolution signal. Finally, the Teager energy operator (TEO) was employed to demodulate and analyze the optimally deconvoluted signal in order to enhance the transient shock component of the original fault signal. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified using simulated and actual signals. The results showed that the proposed method can accurately extract failure characteristics in the presence of strong background noise interference.
A Customisable Data Acquisition System for Open-Source Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Mao Yiwei , Betters Christopher H. , Garske Samuel , Randle Jeremy , Wong K. C. , Cairns Iver H. , Evans Bradley J.
Published: October 2023

Hyperspectral imagers, or imaging spectrometers, are used in many remote sensing environmental studies in fields such as agriculture, forestry, geology, and hydrology. In recent years, compact hyperspectral imagers were developed using commercial-off-the-shelf components, but there are not yet any off-the-shelf data acquisition systems on the market to deploy them. The lack of a self-contained data acquisition system with navigation sensors is a challenge that needs to be overcome to successfully deploy these sensors on remote platforms such as drones and aircraft. Our work is the first successful attempt to deploy an entirely open-source system that is able to collect hyperspectral and navigation data concurrently for direct georeferencing. In this paper, we describe a low-cost, lightweight, and deployable data acquisition device for the open-source hyperspectral imager (OpenHSI). We utilised commercial-off-the-shelf hardware and open-source software to create a compact data acquisition device that can be easily transported and deployed. The device includes a microcontroller and a custom-designed PCB board to interface with ancillary sensors and a Raspberry Pi 4B/NVIDIA Jetson. We demonstrated our data acquisition system on a Matrice M600 drone at a beach in Sydney, Australia, collecting timestamped hyperspectral, navigation, and orientation data in parallel. Using the navigation and orientation data, the hyperspectral data were georeferenced. While the entire system including the pushbroom hyperspectral imager and housing weighed 735 g, it was designed to be easy to assemble and modify. This low-cost, customisable, deployable data acquisition system provides a cost-effective solution for the remote sensing of hyperspectral data for everyone.
Changes in Electromyographic Activity of the Dominant Arm Muscles during Forehand Stroke Phases in Wheelchair Tennis
Authors: Abuwarda Khaled , Akl Abdel-Rahman
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the muscle activations of the dominant arm during the forehand stroke of wheelchair tennis. Five players participated in the present study (age: 32.6 ± 9.9 years; body mass: 63.8 ± 3.12 kg; height: 164.4 ± 1.7 cm). The electrical muscle activity of six dominant arm muscles was recorded using an sEMG system. A significant effect of the muscle’s activity was observed, and it was shown that the muscle activation was significantly higher in the execution phase compared to the preparation phase in the anterior deltoid and biceps brachii (34.98 ± 10.23% and 29.13 ± 8.27%, p < 0.001); the posterior deltoid, triceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis were higher in the follow-through phase than in the execution phase (16.43 ± 11.72%, 16.96 ± 12.19%, 36.23 ± 21.47% and 19.13 ± 12.55%, p < 0.01). In conclusion, it was determined that the muscle activations of the dominant arm muscles demonstrate variances throughout the phases of the forehand stroke. Furthermore, the application of electromyographic analysis to the primary arm muscles has been beneficial in understanding the muscular activity of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist throughout the various phases of the forehand stroke in wheelchair tennis.
Investigation of Material Loading on an Evolved Antecedent Hexagonal CSRR-Loaded Electrically Small Antenna
Authors: Ng Jake Peng Sean , Sum Yee Loon , Soong Boon Hee , Monteiro Paulo J. M.
Published: October 2023

Recent advances in embedded antenna and sensor technologies for 5G communications have galvanized a response toward the investigation of their electromagnetic performance for urban contexts and civil engineering applications. This article quantitatively investigates the effects of material loading on an evolved antecedent hexagonal complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR)-loaded antenna design through simulation and experimentation. Optimization of the narrowband antenna system was first performed in a simulation environment to achieve resonance at 3.50 GHz, featuring an impedance bandwidth of 1.57% with maximum return loss and theoretical gain values of 20.0 dB and 1.80 dBi, respectively. As a proof-of-concept, a physical prototype is fabricated on a printed circuit board followed by a simulation-based parametric study involving antenna prototypes embedded into Ordinary Portland Cement pastes with varying weight percentages of iron(III) oxide inclusions. Simulation-derived and experimental results are mutually verified, achieving a systemic downward shift in resonant frequency and corresponding variations in impedance matching induced by changes in loading reactance. Finally, an inversion modeling procedure is employed using perturbation theory to extrapolate the relative permittivity of the dielectric loaded materials. Our proposed analysis contributes to optimizing concrete-embedded 5G antenna sensor designs and establishes a foundational framework for estimating unknown dielectric parameters of cementitious composites.
High Isolation, Double-Clamped, Magnetoelectric Microelectromechanical Resonator Magnetometer
Authors: Mion Thomas , D’Agati Michael J. , Sofronici Sydney , Bussmann Konrad , Staruch Margo , Kost Jason L. , Co Kevin , Olsson Roy H. , Finkel Peter
Published: October 2023

Magnetoelectric (ME)-based magnetometers have garnered much attention as they boast ultra-low-power systems with a small form factor and limit of detection in the tens of picotesla. The highly sensitive and low-power electric readout from the ME sensor makes them attractive for near DC and low-frequency AC magnetic fields as platforms for continuous magnetic signature monitoring. Among multiple configurations of the current ME magnetic sensors, most rely on exploiting the mechanically resonant characteristics of a released ME microelectromechanical system (MEMS) in a heterostructure device. Through optimizing the resonant device configuration, we design and fabricate a fixed–fixed resonant beam structure with high isolation compared to previous designs operating at ~800 nW of power comprised of piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) and magnetostrictive (Co1-xFex)-based thin films that are less susceptible to vibration while providing similar characteristics to ME-MEMS cantilever devices. In this new design of double-clamped magnetoelectric MEMS resonators, we have also utilized thin films of a new iron–cobalt–hafnium alloy (Fe0.5Co0.5)0.92Hf0.08 that provides a low-stress, high magnetostrictive material with an amorphous crystalline structure and ultra-low magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Together, the improvements of this sensor design yield a magnetic field sensitivity of 125 Hz/mT when released in a compressive state. The overall detection limit of these sensors using an electric field drive and readout are presented, and noise sources are discussed. Based on these results, design parameters for future ME MEMS field sensors are discussed.
Multi-Traveler Salesman Problem for Unmanned Vehicles: Optimization through Improved Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Liu Song , Gao Xinhua , Chen Liu , Zhou Sihui , Peng Yong , Yu Dennis Z. , Ma Xianting , Wang Yan
Published: October 2023

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, communities utilize unmanned vehicles to minimize person-to-person contact and lower the risk of infection. This paper addresses the critical considerations of these unmanned vehicles’ maximum load capacity and service time, formulating them as constraints within a multi-traveling salesman problem (MTSP). We propose a comprehensive optimization approach that combines a genetic simulated annealing algorithm with clustering techniques and an improved Hopfield neural network (IHNN). First, the MTSP is decomposed into multiple independent TSPs using the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm based on a genetic simulated annealing algorithm (SA-GA-FCM). Subsequently, the HNN is employed to introduce the data transformation technique and dynamic step factor to prepare more suitable inputs for the HNN training process to avoid the energy function from falling into local solutions, and the simulated annealing algorithm is introduced to solve multiple TSP separately. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by small-scale and large-scale instances, and the results clearly demonstrate that each unmanned vehicle can meet the specified constraints and successfully complete all delivery tasks. Furthermore, to gauge the performance of our algorithm, we conducted ten simulation comparisons with other combinatorial optimization and heuristic algorithms. These comparisons indicate that IHNN outperforms the algorithms mentioned above regarding solution quality and efficiency and exhibits robustness against falling into local solutions. As presented in this paper, the solution to the unmanned vehicle traveling salesman problem facilitates contactless material distribution, reducing time and resource wastage while enhancing the efficiency of unmanned vehicle operations, which has profound implications for promoting low-carbon sustainable development, optimizing logistics efficiency, and mitigating the risk of pandemic spread.
Web 3.0 and Sustainability: Challenges and Research Opportunities
Authors: Rathor Shekhar , Zhang Mingyu , Im Taehoon
Published: October 2023

Web 3.0 is the next generation of the web and is still in its early stages. Web 3.0 uses many technical components to create an innovative Internet ecosystem. It is characterized by features such as decentralization, interoperability, data ownership, and smart contracts. Web 3.0 aims to enhance user experiences, privacy, and data control while fostering an equitable digital future. Web 3.0 holds significant potential for accelerating progress towards SDGs. As Web 3.0 technologies gain attraction, concerns arise about their potential impact on sustainability, encompassing energy consumption, hardware waste, and carbon footprint. By examining the current state of research about Web 3.0 and sustainability, this opinion paper discusses key Web 3.0 sustainability projects, sustainability challenges, and future directions to build a more sustainable digital era.
Symmetry Analysis of Mean Velocity Distribution in Stratified Atmospheric Surface Layers
Authors: Ji Yong , Chen Xi
Published: October 2023

The mean velocity distributions of unstably and stably stratified atmospheric surface layers (ASLs) are investigated here using the symmetry approach. Symmetry groups for the mean momentum and the Reynolds stress equations of ASL are searched under random dilation transformations, which, with different leading order balances in different flow regions, lead to a set of specific scalings for the characteristic length ℓ13 (defined by Reynolds shear stress and mean shear). In particular, symmetry analysis shows that in the shear-dominated region, ℓ13 scales linearly with the surface height z, which corresponds to the classical log law of mean velocity. In the buoyancy-dominated region, ℓ13/L∼z/L4/3 for unstably stratified ASL and ℓ13/L∼const for stably stratified ASL, where L is the Obukhov length. The specific formula of the celebrated Monin–Obukhov similarity function is obtained, and hence an algebraic model of mean velocity profiles in ASL is derived, showing good agreement with the datum from the QingTu Lake observation array (QLOA) in China.
Association between Religious Beliefs and HPV Vaccination Attitudes among College Students
Authors: Hittson Hannah , McAleer Leah , Saucedo Lydia , Mahler Lindsay , Andino Gabriel , Zorba Andie , Walden Sarah , Pickett Brett E. , Poole Brian D. , Abel Erika L.
Published: October 2023

Objective and Participants: The authors sought an updated examination of attitudes toward Human Papillomavirus (HPV) catch-up vaccination among college students at a private religious university. Methods: A total of 1557 college students completed a 62-question survey of religious and HPV vaccination attitudes during the fall of 2021. Students’ willingness to receive catch-up HPV vaccination and willingness to vaccinate a future child against HPV were recorded. Results: Of the 46.8% of students who reported being unvaccinated or unaware of vaccination status, ~26% reported being uninterested in receiving catch-up HPV vaccination; ~22% of all students surveyed reported being unwilling to vaccinate a future child against HPV. The strongest predictors of vaccine hesitancy included religious concerns about sexual abstinence and safety concerns. Conclusions: College health professionals can increase the rate of HPV vaccination among college students and subsequent future generations by addressing the safety and utility of the vaccine regardless of intentions for sexual abstinence prior to marriage. Additionally, rather than a uniform approach to all students who self-identify as Christian, an effort to identify and discuss the unique religiously influenced beliefs of individual students is recommended when discussing HPV vaccination.
Tall Herb Fringe Vegetation on Banks of Montenegrin Rivers as a Habitat Type of European Importance
Authors: Myśliwy Monika , Pešić Vladimir
Published: October 2023

River valleys are known to be of high natural value; however, they are exposed to a strong human influence. Anthropogenic changes are evident in the structure and species composition of plant assemblages; therefore, vegetation is a very good indicator of the state of the environment. Convolvuletalia sepium tall herb communities are a natural component of riverside vegetation; they are protected in the EU (habitat 6430), yet have been very poorly studied, especially in SE Europe. Information regarding the geographical distribution of these communities, and their floristic composition and threats, along with effective conservation and restoration strategies, remains insufficient; therefore, this study was aimed at a comprehensive investigation of tall herbs. The paper presents results of the first detailed study of this group of communities in Montenegro. Classification of 70 vegetation samples (relevés) using the UPGMA produced six clusters corresponding to plant communities which were included in the Dorycnio recti-Rumicion conglomerati. Two of them were ranked as associations: Mentho longifolii-Pulicarietum dysentericae and Rubo sancti-Eupatorietum cannabini, the latter new to science. Others (communities of Rubus caesius, Rubus caesius-Eupatorium cannabinum, Helianthus ×laetiflorus, and Helianthus tuberosus) were left without a syntaxonomic rank. The ordination analysis with the CANOCO software confirmed the authors’ hypothesis that the variability of the vegetation patches studied was related to the land use type and river size. Relevés taken in watercourses flowing through built-up areas were dominated by invasive alien species (IAS). Vegetation samples taken in heavily flooded areas, along the Zeta, one of the largest rivers surveyed, had a simplified species composition. Studies in Montenegro should be continued. Moreover, comparative studies of the Convolvuletalia sepium communities described in the Mediterranean region are also necessary. Attention is drawn to the overly narrow interpretation of habitat 6430 in the lowlands, as it lacks a representation of Mediterranean tall herbs.
Numerical Modeling and Simulation of Fractured-Vuggy Reservoirs Based on Field Outcrops
Authors: Li Sanbai , Kang Zhijiang , Zhang Yun
Published: October 2023

We propose a novel workflow to investigate the complex flow behaviors and remaining oil distribution related to the oil–gas–water three-phase system based on information from typical outcrops of fractured-vuggy reservoirs. A refined geological model is built to represent the size, geometry, and spatial distribution of the karst caves and fractures extracted from the field outcrop photographs. The combination of the perpendicular bisector (PEBI) grid technique and the control-volume finite difference method is adopted for space discretization. We have validated the numerical model against experimental data. Numerical simulations were performed to explore the impacts of the permeability of karst cave and natural fractures and the position of natural water bodies upon oil production performance. Numerical results indicate that (1) the cave permeability has few impacts on the oil production, yet the fracture permeability plays a significant role in determining the oil recovery; (2) a higher permeability of the fractures will lead to a longer period of time for no-water oil production and, thus, a higher oil recovery; (3) the position of natural water body shows significant impacts on oil recovery, e.g., a short distance between the natural water body and the production well tends to form preferential passages, causing severe reduction of water flooding range; and (4) the distribution of remaining oil is controlled by spatial patterns of the fractured-vuggy system and reservoir development schemes. We found that the remaining oil is mainly distributed along the model boundaries and at the corner of the caves with single or multiple connection/s to fractures.
System of choice of surgical approach and option to complete laparotomy in generalized peritonitis
Authors:   Department of Faculty Surgery, Medical Institute, FSAEI HE Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Shadrina V. S. , Lebedev N. V. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Medical Institute, FSAEI HE Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Klimov A. E. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Medical Institute, FSAEI HE Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Barkhudarov A. A. ,   Department of Faculty Surgery, Medical Institute, FSAEI HE Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow
Published: October 2023

In modern surgery, there are three options that are used to complete laparotomy after performing the main stage of the operation for peritonitis: 1. closed method, in which the wound of the anterior abdominal wall is tightly sutured after drainage of the abdominal cavity, 2. staged planned operations planned relaparotomy), 3. open abdomen technique — laparostomy. Meanwhile, the criteria for choosing one or another option for completing a laparotomy are contradictory (especially when selecting between planned relaparotomy and laparostomy), which is explained by the lack of clear indications and convincing evidence of the benefits of any of those. The aim of the study was the development of a system of objective criteria for choosing an operative approach and an option for completing the operation in patients with generalized peritonitis. The work is based on the analysis of the results of treatment of 686 patients with the final diagnosis of generalized peritonitis. Abdominal sepsis at admission was diagnosed in 44 patients (6.4 %). In 302 (44.0 %) patients, a full surgical intervention was performed with laparoscopy. Initially, median laparotomy was performed in 205 patients (29.9 %). The closed method of completing laparotomy was used in 345 patients (77, 22.3 % died), staged planned operations — in 28 patients (18, 64.3 % died), and the open abdomen technique was used in 11 patients (5, 45.5 % died). The overall mortality was 15.0 % (103 patients died). Results. A system that, to a large extent, allows making a decision on the approach and completion of the operation in patients with generalized peritonitis has been created. The system was called the Index of Approach and Completion of Surgery for Secondary Peritonitis. The development of integral systems for assessing the severity of patient condition and choosing treatment tactics helps in systematizing the results, evaluating treatment results, and conducting scientific research.
La educación inclusiva en el proceso de formación docente
Authors: Zapata Chiroque Julio Edgar
Published: October 2023

La Educación Especial presenta dificultades en el desenvolvimiento pedagógico y didáctica, en la actualidad; los docentes requieren de bases solidas para manejar la inclusión y el desarrollo educativo en las aulas. Por ello, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar la educación inclusiva en el proceso de formación docente. Se relializó una revisión sistemática a través de Scopus, Google Scholar, Scielo, y Dialnet; usando como descriptores “Inclusive education in the teacher training process”. Los resultados de búsqueda obtenidos fueron 83 artículos inicialmente, simplificando con los criterios de inclusión estudios de los 5 últimos años, solo artículos académicos, idioma; y exclusión fueron descarte de duplicados, distintos tipos de documento, fuera del tiempo de plazo; quedando establecido para el análisis 50 artículos. Concluye que en la gestión de formar a los docentes para la inclusión se convierte en un tema fundamental para el sistema educativo y los docentes, además de que el educador debe contar con experiencia como parte de la preparación docente, incluida la capacitación docente para el aula inclusiva.
El aprendizaje colaborativo para la evaluación formativa
Authors: Torres Bravo Edwing Augusto , Mocarro Willis Lucía
Published: October 2023

Existe una preocupación en el sector educativo, por conocer si se está trabajando adecuadamente en la implementación de la propuesta de evaluación formativa en las diferentes actividades con los estudiantes. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación las metodologías del aprendizaje colaborativo con la evaluación formativa. El estudio se construyó bajo una revisión narrativa, llevando a cabo 4 fases una relacionada con la búsqueda y selección de teorías existentes, la segunda con la clasificación de fuentes construcción de categorías, la tercera con el proceso se sistematización de las fuentes, y la cuarta con el análisis e interpretación de las fuentes. Se usaron operadores booleanos, y criterios de selección. Para cerrar se pudo determinar que la casi totalidad de aspectos teóricos acerca del aprendizaje colaborativo se alinean a los principios de la evaluación formativa.
Habilidades sociales en el contexto de la educación básica en Perú
Authors: Mondragón Hernández Gustavo Alonso , Moscol Lucero Julio Eduardo , Uriarte Bernal Edgar
Published: October 2023

La falta de habilidades sociales hace que los adolescentes y jóvenes sean más propensos al fracaso en su vida profesional en un futuro, debido a que esta comienza a gestarse en la escuela y se va consolidando en la etapa universitaria. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es identificar la influencia de las habilidades sociales en la vida de los estudiantes. A través de una revisión sistemática se consolidó este estudio usando como guía para el análisis PRISMA. La ecuación de búsqueda fue “Habilidades sociales”, AND “estudiantes”, “educación. Se usaron como criterios una evaluación de elegibilidad y contenido de cada texto; como resultado haciendo uso en Dialnet, Scielo y Scopus, inicialmente se preseleccionaron 37 artículos de un total de 56 investigaciones quedando con 14 artículos que cumplen los criterios de inclusión. Se pudo identificar que la carencia de habilidades sociales repercute en el control emocional, autoestima, asertividad, aprendizaje, autonomía para la toma de decisiones y el ejercicio pleno de sus derechos.
El principio de celeridad en la sustracción internacional de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Ecuador
Authors: Subía Cabrera Andrea Carolina , Pinto Rodríguez Javier Alejandro , Jacho Chicaiza David Isaías
Published: October 2023

El Estado ecuatoriano dentro de su ordenamiento jurídico ha suscrito diversos tratados internacionales referentes a la sustracción, retención ilícita y restitución de niños, niñas y adolescentes, frente a estos casos por la debida urgencia a diligenciar, el estudio se centra en identificar el procedimiento adoptado en Ecuador, con fundamento en el principio de celeridad, debido a que no existe una codificación de derecho internacional privado que lo regule. El estudio se abordó desde un enfoque cualitativo una investigación de diseño documental, de tipo analítico, con fundamento en los métodos analítico y comparativo, que concluyó, desde el año 2021 la Corte Nacional de Justicia ha definido el trámite sumario con fundamento en la diligencia excepcional y celeridad a fin de que las solicitudes de restitución internacional procedan de forma diligente en virtud del principio, derecho y norma del interés superior.
PREMISSAS DECOLONIAIS PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA DE PROTEÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Silva Fernando Guimarães Oliveira da
Published: October 2023

O sistema escolar brasileiro arquitetou-se física e simbolicamente em padrões coloniais da opressão de pessoas que se localizam nos marcadores sociais de classe, raça, gênero, sexualidades e outras diferenças. Este estudo é oriundo de dois eventos marcantes em minha condição política docente: um, sobre a minha experiência de trabalho vivida em dez anos de atuação nas áreas de educação, assistência social e saúde mental na adolescência; e a outra, ao lecionar a disciplina “Escola e sistema de garantia de direitos de crianças e adolescentes (SGDCA)”, junto ao programa de pós-graduação em educação, de uma Universidade Estadual. Para realizar um olhar científico, político e institucional, pesquisei engajado nas letras decoloniais para abordar por meio do: levantamento bibliográfico, a experiência vivida e a escrevivência do tempo de trabalho, os elementos necessários para cunhar três movimentos de sentipensar falsbordiano: 1) Acreditar; 2) Embriagar e 3) Afrontar e resistir; que apontam recomendações para a construção de um sistema de proteção escolar.
Konstitusionalitas Penundaan Pemilu Serentak Nasional Tahun 2024
Authors: Firmanto Taufik
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian atas isue penundaan pemilu serentak nasional tahun 2024. Isue hukum ini berkembang memanas seiring suhu politik-hukum Indonesia yang terus meningkat. Diskursus penundaan pemilu bergema sejak tahun 2022 didengungkan oleh kalangan elit dengan berbagai skenario subjektif dan tidak rasional, bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai demokrasi dan konstitusi, dimana salah satu ciri pemilu demokratis adalah penyelenggaraan pemilu secara periodik/ berkala. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan regulasi yang mengatur periodesasi/keberkalaan pemilu, serta menganalisis isue konstitusionalitas penundaan pemilu dan penambahan masa jabatan presiden. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan beberapa pendekatan antara lain; pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan analitis, dan pendekatan filsafat. Hasil/temuan penelitian ini, bahwa pengaturan perihal periodesasi penyelenggaraan pemilu di Indonesia setiap lima tahun telah diatur secara tegas dalam pasal 22E ayat (1) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 dan juga Pasal 7 ayat (1) yang memberikan batasan bahwa Presiden dan Wakil Presiden menjabat selama lima tahun, hanya dapat untuk dua kali masa jabatan. Penundaan pemilu hanya dapat dilakukan pada situasi/kondisi hal ikhwal kegentingan yang memaksa, atau adanya ancaman/gangguan yang sifatnya luar biasa (extra ordinary). UUD NRI Tahun 1945 tidak mengatur perihal penundaan pemilu maupun penambahan masa jabatan Presiden, sehingga setiap gerakan penundaan pemilu/ penambahan masa jabatan Presiden merupakan gerakan yang inkonstitusional. Secara subtansif, penundaan Pemilu 2024 dianggap mengkhianati amanat reformasi, pelecehan terhadap konstitusi (contempt of the constitution), dan merampas hak rakyat. Penundaan Pemilu tanpa alasan extra ordinary akan berdampak pada delegitimasi pemerintah, instabilitas nasional, dan menjadi preseden buruk untuk demokrasi Indonesia.
Mentoring Up for Early Career Investigators: Empowering Mentees to Proactively Engage in their Mentoring Relationships
Authors: Sancheznieto Fátima , Asquith Pamela , Bermejo Adriana Baez , Meagher Emma A. , Pfund Christine
Published: October 2023

Effective mentorship is recognized as critical for the professional development of clinical and translational investigators. Evidence-based mentorship training prompted the development of training for mentees at early career stages who are navigating both mentor and mentee roles. The curriculum titled, Mentoring Up for Early Career Investigators, recognized the importance of building mentee self-efficacy across proactive mentorship skills and competencies. Pilot implementations of Mentoring Up had positive training outcomes. For 26 implementations longer than 4 hours, data was collected on trainee demographics, satisfaction with training, skill gains across mentorship competencies, and the intent to change mentoring behaviors following training. 80% of participants rated the mentee training as valuable. Significant skill gains were reported across all mentorship competencies following training. 77% reported specific plans to change or augment their mentoring behaviors because of this training. Mentoring Up training is therefore effective in advancing mentee skills and promoting strategies to be more proactive in getting their needs met. Mentoring Up offers and expansion to the suite of mentorship education and resources to support the career advancement of all in the translational science workforce