EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER SUPPLEMENT OF SUNFLOWER IN THE WESTERN REGION OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Branch of UkrNDIPVT L. Pogorily, Dumych V. 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of research: improvement of technology of sunflower cultivation, in particular optimization of system of food of culture in zonal conditions of the West of Ukraine. Research methods. Studies of the effectiveness of foliar fertilization in the technology of sunflower cultivation were conducted in the experimental field of the Lviv branch of UkrNDIPVT. L. Pogorily, with a total area of 4.5 hectares, which was divided into nine experimental plots with different schemes of drug application. Sunflower seeds were sown with a Romina 8 seed drill (Gaspardo). The sowing rate is 5 kg / ha. Width between rows - 70 cm. Protection of crops from weeds, pests and diseases was carried out by a chemical method. During the research, the effectiveness of the application of organo-mineral fertilizer Humilin Stimulus (Agrocontour LLC), Nivaton Boron microfertilizer (MM Logistics LLC) and Expert Grove growth stimulant (Adama LLC) was determined. The drugs were applied once in the phase of 3-4 pairs of true leaves and twice - in the phases of 3-4 and 6-8 pairs of true leaves Research results: Plowing to a depth of 27 cm, cultivation to a depth of 10 cm and pre-sowing cultivation to a depth of 5 cm were carried out at the experimental sites. Mineral fertilizers Super Agro (200 kg/ha) and lime-ammonium nitrate were applied for spring cultivation. Sunflower seeds were sown with a Romina 8 seed drill (Gaspardo). The sowing rate is 5 kg/ha. Width between rows - 70 cm. Protection of crops from weeds, pests and diseases was carried out by a chemical method. During the research, the effectiveness of the application of organo-mineral fertilizer Humilin Stimulus (Agrocontour LLC), Nivaton Boron microfertilizer (MM Logistics LLC) and Expert Grove growth stimulant (Adama LLC) was determined. The drugs were applied once in the phase of 3-4 pairs of true leaves and twice - in the phases of 3-4 and 6-8 pairs of true leaves Foliar dressing provided an increase in the diameter of the basket, the number of seeds in the basket, the weight of 1000 seeds, a decrease in empty grain and an increase in the seed productivity of one plant. Thus, as a result of the introduction of drugs, the number of full-fledged seeds in baskets increased by 15-85 pieces. or 2,1-11,8% more than in the control area. The number of full-fledged seeds in the basket under control - 718 pcs. The weight of 1000 seeds varied from 54,6 g in the control to 59,1 g in the area where the plants were fed twice. The difference between the largest and smallest mass of 1000 seeds is only 4,5 g or 8,2%. The minimum and maximum productivity of one basket differs by 8,3 g or 21,2%. In areas with different variants of one-time foliar feeding, an increase in yield by 5,7-14,7% compared to the control was recorded, and in the case of double fertilization - by 10,4-26,1%. Seed yield on control was 2,11 t/ha. Conclusions. The use of foliar fertilization of sunflower allowed to improve the structural indicators of yield and weight of 1000 seeds. The economic effect of root fertilization reached from 1022 to 4855 UAH/ha.