bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioactivity of Natural Polymers against Clinical Pathogens
Authors: Kwatra Nancy , Nair Soumya , Abraham Jayanthi
Published: October 2023

Antibiotic resistance by microorganisms is a growing global concern in the medical field. Due to the rampant of medicines, bacterial strains are evolving with new resistance mechanisms the threaten the ability to treat common infectious diseases. The majority of human infections are caused due to the quorum sensing activity of the clinical pathogens, thereby, reducing the effects of antibiotics to combat the prevailing problem. In healthcare, the development of effective strategies to counter antibiotic resistance and microbial biofilm is an urgent priority. The use of specific or potent antimicrobial systems can help to combat, eradicate, or mitigate infections. The polymers are effectively and extensively used in this field due to their inherent properties. The aim of the present study was to analyze the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of four natural polymers (chitin, cellulose, chitosan and polyvinylpyrrolidone) against clinical pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the test polymers was elucidated. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the natural polymers were effective against the clinical strains at varying concentrations. Furthermore, the results highlight the advantage of using natural polymers as a strategy to combat antibiotic resistance and antibiofilm activity in various medical and biotechnological applications.
An analysis of the Vodolazkin’s novel "The Aviator" in senior high school
Authors: Kolomeytseva E. B.
Published: October 2023

The study of the semiotic space of literature still remains interesting and in demand, and the semiotic analysis has proved to be a rather successful method in the collection of methods of a literature teacher at school. In the article, the author proceeds from the necessity of using a complex analysis of a fiction text based to a greater extent on semiotic consideration, which includes, in addition to semiotic analysis, analysis of biographical context and partly philological analysis, in senior high schools. The author substantiates the necessity of introducing such a method in the study of modern literature, showing it on the example of complex analysis of the Evgeny Vodolazhkin’s novel "The Aviator". Thus, the aim of the study is to describe the application of the method of semiotic analysis (in combination with others) of works of fiction in the course of literature in senior high school. The relevance of the chosen topic in the novelty of the researched material: the text of the novel. Modern literature still needs a comprehensive study. The novelty of the article consists in the chosen approach to the analysis of the novel with the use of semiotic arsenal of means, as well as in the description of the application of the novel's material in the curriculum at the lessons of literature in senior high school. Using the methods of semiotic, philological and contextual analyses, the author developed a literature lesson plan for the 11th grade of a comprehensive school. This plan can be used in practice, which will allow a teacher supplement and expand the school study of modern literature by a popular new author. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that this kind of complex analysis of modern fiction can reveal lines of interconnection and continuity with classical literature. Finding such intertextual links with both Russian classical and world literature will allow students to build a logical and coherent picture of the development of the literary process up to the modern stage. As a result of the analysis, the conclusion is made about didactic applicability of the text of the novel in the practice of teaching literature, and the novel itself is presented within the framework of the analysis as a rather complex and rich artistic work in terms of meaning, involving numerous interpretations.
Revival of the Canonic Yakut Traditional Competitions at the Ysyakh Holiday
Authors: Zakharov A. A. , Yakovlev Y. I.
Published: October 2023

At present, the modern competitive program of the Yakut holiday Ysyakh, which consists of sports events and is carried out according to modern sports rules, can no longer be considered a cultural code of the ethnic group in the future, since the study of archival documents describing the Yakut traditional games, as well as old photographs depicting the moments of the Yakut traditional competitive games revealed that the imposition of a sports status leads to significant and permanent changes in the rules of the competition, which ultimately leads to a radical change in the sport from the original version of the traditional game. Also, subject to the development of any ethnic type of competition as a sport in the international arena, there is a gradual loss of the ethnic identity of this sport. Therefore, we recommend that the competitive part of the ethnic ritual holiday of Ysyakh, consisting of the Yakut traditional types of competitions, be held according to the reconstructed old rules and canons; thereby, on the one hand, we contribute to the preservation of the authenticity of traditional competitive games, and on the other hand, we provide a connection between authentic traditional games and the types of competitions that have received sports status.
SETTLEMENT XI – 1st HALF OF THE XIII CENTURY ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CULTURAL LAYER OF ARzAMAS CITY (BASED ON RESEARCH MATERIALS 2019–2020 YEARS)
Authors: Вал В.Б. , Базунов А.В.
Published: October 2023

Охранные археологические работы на территории завода «ТЕМП-АВИА» в г. Арзамасе позволили впервые выявить культурный слой средневекового селища, подстилавший слои Нового и Новейшего времени. По совокупности находок предварительная датировка существования селища определяется периодом конца XI – начала XIII в. Крепость Арзамас первой половины XVI – первой половины XVIII в. не имеет преемственности с выявленным средневековым селищем, т. к. их разделяет большой хронологический отрезок. Комплекс находок представлен украшениями (сюльгамы, фрагменты металлических браслетов, поясная накладка, фрагмент бусины), предметами быта (пряслица, ножи, свинцовая гирька, фрагмент замка), оружием (наконечники стрел). Керамика представлена фрагментами лепных мордовских сосудов, красно-кирпичной посудой с лощением и без (подражание булгарской посуде), круговой керамикой из красной и белой глин с включением крупнозернистого песка, имеющей пропорции, характерные для древнерусской посуды XII–XIII вв. (вероятно, импортной).

Archaeological rescue work on the territory of the «TEMP-AVIA» plant in Arzamas city made it possible for the first time to identify the cultural layer of the medieval settlement that underlain the layers of Modern time. According to the totality of the finds, the preliminary dating of the existence of the settlement is determined by the period of the end of the XI – beginning of the XIII century. Arzamas fortress (1st floor XVI – 1st half of the XVIII century) has no continuity with the identified medieval settlement, because they are separated by a large chronological segment. The complex of finds is represented by jewelry (sulgams, fragments of metal bracelets, a belt pad, a fragment of a bead), household items (spinning wheels, knives, lead weights, a fragment of a lock), weapons (arrowheads). Ceramics are represented by fragments of molded Mordovian vessels, red-brick dishes with and without polish (matching Bulgarian dishes), circular ceramics made of red and white clay with the inclusion of coarse-grained sand, having proportions characteristic of ancient Russian dishes of the XII–XIII centuries (probably imported).
REFECTORY CHURCH OF THE MONASTERY OF THE VIRGIN MARY IN VLADIMIR
Authors: Тимофеева Т.П.
Published: October 2023

В древнем Рождественском монастыре г. Владимира, где покоились мощи св. князя Александра Невского, существовала шатровая трапезная церковь – большое двухэтажное каменное здание, перестроенное в середине XIX в. Датировать трапезную церковь до сих пор не удавалось. Во Вкладной книге монастыря указано, что трапезная церковь построена «по иноке Алексие» (в его память). Считается, что князь Александр Невский был пострижен в монахи под именем Алексия. Автор предположил, что во Вкладной книге так могли назвать Александра Невского. Это подтверждается рядом грамот XVI в. Во Вкладной книге есть запись о вкладе царем Иваном IV очень крупной суммы денег «по опальным людям», причем вместо 1582 г. ошибочно указан 1552 г. Автор предпринял попытку доказать, что шатровая церковь с трапезным комплексом могла быть построена в память св. Александра Невского на вклад Ивана IV в 1580-е гг., при архимандрите Ионе (Думине).

In the old Monastery of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary in Vladimir, where the relics of St Alexander Nevsky, Prince of Vladimir, rested, there was a tent-shaped refectory – a large twostory stone church, rebuilt in the middle of the 19th century. It has not yet been possible to date the refectory church. It was indicated in the Contribution Book of the monastery that the refectory church was built «for the monk Alexius» (in his memory). It is believed that Prince Alexander Nevsky was tonsured a monk under the name Alexius. The author suggested that Alexander Nevsky could be called so in the Contribution Book. This supposition was confirmed by a number of charters dating back to the 16th century. There was an entry in the Contribution Book about the donation of a very large amount of money «for disgraced people» by Tsar Ivan IV, and instead of 1582 it was erroneously indicated 1552. The author attempted to prove that the tent-shaped church with a refectory complex could be built in memory of St Alexander Nevsky, on the contribution of Ivan IV, in the 1580s, under Archimandrite Jonah (Dumin).
A TREASURE TROVE OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS FROM THE EXCAVATIONS OF 2021 AT THE VILLAGE «KATYSHEVO-1» IN THE MUROM DISTRICT OF THE VLADIMIR REGION
Authors: Бейлекчи В.В.
Published: October 2023

В статье дается характеристика клада сельскохозяйственных орудий, который был обнаружен при археологических исследованиях экспедиций Института археологии РАН и ООО НИАБ «Артефакт» на территории селища «Катышево-1» в 2021 г. Подобный комплекс предметов XIV в. впервые встречен на территории Нижнего Поочья. Клад состоит из шести принадлежностей пахотных орудий из черного металла – четырех плужных лемехов и двух чересел, шести орудий жатвы – серпов и одного орудия сенокоса – косы-горбуши. По количеству и функциональному назначению собрание этих предметов, очевидно, не представляло собой клад сырья кузнеца и не являлось общинным, а принадлежало одному владельцу или семье.

The article describes the treasure of agricultural implements, which was discovered during archaeological research expeditions of the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and OOO NIAB «Artifact» on the territory of the village «Katyshevo-1» in 2021. Such a complex of objects of the XIV century was first encountered on the territory of the Lower Oka region. The treasure consists of six accessories of plowing tools made of ferrous metal – four ploughshares and two plow knife, six harvest tools – sickles and one haymaking tool – scythe-pink salmon. In terms of quantity and functional purpose, the collection of these items, obviously, did not represent a treasure trove of the blacksmith’s raw materials, and was not communal, but belonged to one owner or family.
OBJECTS FOR LEISURE FROM BONE AND A DENSE HORN. (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF SECURITY ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN SUZDAL IN 2008–2020)
Authors: Баранов Н.А.
Published: October 2023

В данной работе публикуются находки, характеризующие досуг средневековых жителей (фигуры для игр на досках, поделки для развлечения детей и музыкальные инструменты), что были найдены в результате проведения охранных археологических исследований в г. Суздаль Владимирской области в период с 2008 по 2020 г.

This paper publishes finds characterizing the leisure of medieval residents (figures for games on boards, crafts for children’s entertainment and musical instruments) that were found as a result of archaeological security research in the city of Suzdal, Vladimir region in the period from 2008 to 2020.
THE RESULTS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL STUDY OF «NET» CERAMICS FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN KIDEKSHA
Authors: Швецова А.А.
Published: October 2023

В публикации приводятся результаты технико-технологического анализа фрагментов лепной керамики, полученных при проведении раскопок на территории с. Кидекша. Материалы относятся к культуре «сетчатой» керамики позднего бронзового века. В ходе проведенного исследования получены сведения о подготовительной стадии гончарного производства, включающей в себя данные об исходном пластичном сырье и составлении формовочных масс. Удалось установить, что сосуды изготавливались в рамках одной гончарной традиции. При этом отмечены некоторые различия в составе исходного сырья, которые могут быть связаны с изготовлением сосудов гончарами, входящими в разные коллективы.

The publication presents the results of a technological analysis of ceramics fragments from archaeological excavations in Kideksha. The materials belong to the culture of «net» ceramics of the Late Bronze Age. In the course of the study, information was obtained on the preparatory stage of pottery production, it includes data on raw material and pottery paste. It was established that the vessels were made within the same pottery tradition. At the same time, some differences were noted in the composition of the raw materials. That may be related to the belonging of potters to different collectives.
A facile preparation of N-heterocyclic olefins: ring-opening polymerization of β-butyrolactone and frustrated Lewis pair reactivity
Authors: Rajendran Natesan Mannangatti , Lu Qi , Bouffard Jean
Published: October 2023

A direct synthesis of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) and their mesoionic congeners from N-hererocyclic carbenes and N-aziridinylimines is reported. The reaction provided diverse functionalized (m)NHOs and π-extended analogues. The prepared NHOs initiated the ring-opening polymerization of β-butyrolactone, and insertion of aldehyde and nitrile into a NHO–B(C6F5)3 adduct was demonstrated.
Formaldehyde-mediated Hydride Liberation of Alkylamines for Intermolecular Reactions in HFIP
Authors: Cai Shaokun , Tang Hong , Li Bo , Shao Yingbo , Zhang Danqi , Zheng Hanliang , Chu Xin , He Gang , Xue Xiao-Song , Chen Gong
Published: October 2023

The ability of alkylamines to spontaneously liberate hydride ions is typically restrained, except under specific intramolecular reaction settings. Herein, we demonstrate that this reactivity can be unlocked through the simple treatment with formaldehyde in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent, thereby enabling various intermolecular hydride transfer reactions of alkylamines under mild conditions. Besides transformations of small molecules, these reactions enable unique late-stage modification of complex peptides. Mechanistic investigations uncover that the key to these intermolecular hydride transfer processes lies in the accommodating conformation of solvent-mediated macrocyclic transition states, where the aggregates of HFIP molecules act as dexterous proton shuttles. Importantly, negative hyperconjugation between the lone electron pair of nitrogen and the anti-bonding orbital of amine’s C-H bond plays a critical role in the C-H activation, promoting its hydride-liberation.
Computational Screening of Photodynamics of Transition-Metal Complexes
Authors: Kovács Nóra , Zobel Patrick
Published: October 2023

The design of photoactive compounds is challenging due to the complicated nature that the ensuing photodynamics can assume. The complexity of this problem increases with the size and flexibility of the system, and the challenge becomes especially difficult in the rational design of open-shell transition-metal complexes where many electronic states and nuclear degrees of freedom participate in the excited-state dynamics. The only alternative is then to screen larger numbers of compounds as is done in the present work using computer simulations for a class of near-infrared emitting vanadium(III) complexes. Starting from the mechanism of the known emitter VCl_3(ddpd) (ddpd = N,N'-di\-meth\-yl-N,N'-di\-py\-ri\-di\-ne-2-yl\-py\-ri\-di\-ne-2,6-diamine), we establish design principles including an increase in the ligand-field strength in the complex in order to achieve higher emission quantum yields. Based on these principles, we design a large set of complexes that are tested for larger ligand-field splitting in static quantum chemistry calculations. For the subset of complexes with increased ligand-field splitting, we then perform nonadiabatic dynamics simulations and identify two promising near-infrared emitter with potential similar or increased emission quantum yield compared to the VCl_3(ddpd) reference. An analysis of the mechanisms of all studied complexes reveals individual relaxation pathways for each compound, confirming the difficulty of the identifying useful rational design principles in these photoactive open-shell transition-metal complexes.
Extended voltage imaging in cardiomyocytes with a triplet state quencher-stabilized silicon rhodamine
Authors: Martinez Kayli , Gerstner Nels , Yang Samantha , Miller Evan
Published: October 2023

Voltage imaging of cardiac electrophysiology with voltage-sensitive dyes has long been a powerful complement to traditional methods like patch-clamp electrophysiology. Chemically synthesized voltage sensitive fluorophores offer flexibility for imaging in sensitive samples like human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), since they do not require genetic transformation of the sample. One serious concern for any fluorescent voltage indicator, whether chemically synthesized or genetically encoded, is phototoxicity. We have been exploring self-healing fluorophores that use triplet state quenchers (TSQs) as a means to reduce the already low phototoxicity of VoltageFluor dyes developed in our lab. We previously showed that conjugation of the TSQ cyclooctatetraene (COT) to a fluorescein based VoltageFluor dye substantially reduced phototoxicity. Here, we show that this approach can be applied to far-red Silicon rhodamine dyes. COT-conjugated Si-rhodamines show improved photostability and reduced phototoxicity in hiPSC-CMs compared to the unmodified dye. This enables imaging of hiPSC-CMs for up to 30 minutes with continuous illumination. We show that this effect is mediated by a combination of reduced singlet oxygen production and lower loading in the cellular membrane. We discuss future applications and avenues of improvement for TSQ-stabilized VoltageFluor dyes.
Key Molecular Descriptors Distinguishing Between Synthetic and Natural Products
Authors: Thomas Nathaniel , Bhatnagar Sweekrit , Agarwal Avirral , Iyer Anya , Sankar Niranjana , Bhargava Manav , Ye Spencer , Li Edwin , Nandi Ritam , Njoo Edward , Downing Robert
Published: October 2023

The classification of natural products (NPs) from synthetic molecules (SMs) through machine learning techniques creates knowledge of differentiating features and therefore an impetus for possible research in natural product-based drug design. Natural products generally have a higher chemical diversity and biochemical specificity among other properties, making them favorable as lead structures for drug discovery and differentiating them from synthetic molecules. Here, we propose a machine-learning approach with the PaDEL descriptor software to develop a classification method to differentiate NPs and SMs with a variety of molecular features. An ensemble of supervised learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Random Forests, and Decision Trees, were tested to obtain the optimal feature importance amongst the molecular descriptors and highest accuracy. The experimental accuracy of the best-performing machine learning method outlined in this paper, Random Forests, reached an 89.19% accuracy, comparable with previous models performing the same classification. Identification and classification of distinguishable properties of natural products and synthetic compounds allows for a better understanding of available chemical data and better incorporation of such properties in small molecule drug discovery.
Effect of Dentin Thickness on the Pulp of Single Rooted Teeth in Severe Chronic Periodontitis: Histological Study
Authors: K Das Lakshmi , NP Rajiv , NS Priya
Published: October 2023

Background The issues of dentine thickness on the influence of pulpal changes in teeth with deep periodontal pockets has not been assessed. So the present study evaluates the effect of dentin thickness on the pulp in severe chronic periodontitis.Objectivesi To assess the radicular dentin thickness histologically.ii To histologically assess the pulpal changes due to periodontitis.iii To correlate the effect of radicular dentin thickness and periodontitis on dental pulpMethods Single rooted periodontally compromised tooth was atraumatically extracted. Access opening was done using an extracted tooth and the pulp fixed in formalin solution. After sufficient fixation decalcification was done followed by processing and histological examination. The radicular dentin thickness was measured at 3 reference points and the mean value was compared with histological parameters to assess for any changes.Results Results revealed that various histological changes were observed in the pulp. The mean dentin thickness when compared with various histological parameters revealed varying results. Inflammation and edema did not corelate with changes in dentin thickness whereas fibrosis presence of pulp stone pulp vessels and odontoblastic integrity showed a positive correlation but were not statistically significant. Conclusion Within the limitations of the study although a statistically significant difference was not observed in the root dentin thickness and histological changes in the pulp there is a definitive increase in the severity of pulpal changes associated with inflammation.
Comparative Evaluation of TruNatomy, XP Endoshaper and Hand K File Systems on Dentinal Microcrack Formation and Vertical Root Fracture Resistance – An In Vitro Study
Authors: B Naik Savitha , Kumar N Kiran , Swathisha Annie , HS Preetham , V Shylaja
Published: October 2023

Background Vertical root fracture VRF accounts for 11 of failures in endodontically treated teeth. Microcracks can occur during instrumentation of root canal system with NiTi rotary files as it exerts forces increasing strain on dentinal wall which may progress to VRF. Newer file systems have been developed to reduce the risk of microcrack formation.Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of TruNatomy XP Endoshaper and Hand K files on dentin microcrack formation and vertical root fracture resistance of root canals.Methods One hundred twenty-five extracted teeth were used in the study with 40 samples each in the experimental groups and five samples in the control group. Following instrumentation Group TRN-Trunatomy Group XPS ndash XP Endoshaper Group HF ndash Hand K File 50 of the samples were subjected to stereomicroscopic study for dentinal microcrack evaluation. The remaining samples were obturated and were subjected to Universal testing machine for vertical root fracture resistance assessment. Kruskal Wallis and Post hoc Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analysis.Results Statistically significant difference was observed between XP Endoshaper and other groups in terms of dentinal microcrack formation and vertical root fracture resistance. Significantly higher value was observed for Hand K file and TruNatomy against XP Endoshaper File p lt0.05.Conclusion TruNatomy serves as a file system causing least dentinal damage comparable to Hand K file system while XP Endoshaper caused more cracks.
Non-Surgical Management of Mouth Opening in Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rajesh Kashyap Roopashri , Kashyap Shanker Rajesh
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim Oral cancer is one of the most preventable cancers with a typical sequence of emergence as a potentially malignant disorder promotion and transformation into cancer. Oral submucous fibrosis OSMF is a potentially malignant disorder in which the mucosa stiffens and patients have trouble opening their mouth thus affecting their quality of life. Early therapeutic intervention yields better results. However oral submucous fibrosis has never been successfully treated by any single medication so far. Practitioners have tried various combinations of the drugs with variable results. Hence we conducted this meta-analysis to assess which treatment modality gives a better result with regard to improvement in mouth opening in OSMF patients.Methods Electronic search for articles published in various journals were undertaken through various search engines till October 2021. About 29 articles were selected which had performed randomized control trials of various drugs on oral submucous fibrosis. Frequentist network meta-analysis was performed using R studio software and effective treatment ranking was derived.Results According to the treatment ranking generated relative to mouth opening the most effective treatment was the intralesional steroid and hyaluronidase with vitamin E supplementation and the intralesional steroid and hyaluronidase with lycopene being the second best.Conclusion This network meta-analysis has analyzed the efficacy of various drug regimens used in the management of oral submucous fibrosis which can be implemented by the practitioners in the management of initial stages of oral submucous fibrosis thus preventing its progression into oral cancer.
Trigger Point Deactivation in MPDS: A Comprehensive Guide to Non-invasive Therapeutic Modalities
Authors: Shantilal Pendharkar Seema , Zeba Sarfaraz Ali Khan
Published: October 2023

Myofascial pain syndrome MPS is defined as pain origination due to the activation of myofascial trigger points present in taut bands of skeletal muscle. This article aimed to review the existing hypothesis regarding the deactivation of trigger points in myofascial region as a treatment modality to reduce the muscle pain. Various pharmacologic interventional methods were reviewed such as are physiotherapy occlusal therapy anti-inflammatory and analgesics manual and massage technique muscle relaxants transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation laser therapy ultrasound therapy and botulinum toxin which may be attempted in severe cases. Through a critical evidence-based review of the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options this article aims to provide clinicians with a complete comprehensive knowledge of the interventions for deactivation of trigger points in the treatment of myofascial pain.
Visagism: An Essential Concept in Esthetic Dentistry
Authors: K Sanketh Archana , Kalavathy N , M Shetty Mitha , Roshan Kumar P , V Anuradha , SP Bhuvana
Published: October 2023

Creating an aesthetic dental rehabilitation that is as harmonious as possible is unquestionably a complex operation that requires understanding of a wide range of factors such as modelling a restoration including tooth alignment dimensions of the clinical crown and occlusion. Aesthetic treatments are increasingly in demand particularly in the field of dentistry as peoplersquos concerns about appearance have grown. Due to a mismatch between the patientrsquos personality and the smile design the final aesthetic results might fall short of the patientrsquos expectations. Dental professionals have been attempting to match the shapes of the teeth with the entire face based on factors like gender personality and age for decades but successful results have proven elusive. The Visagism concept aids dental clinicians in creating restorations that take into consideration not only the aesthetics of the created image but also its psychosocial components which have an impact on patientsrsquo feelings sense of identity behaviour and self-esteem. Since the patient can take part in the design of his smile with Visagism the professional can be more certain of the treatment outcome. This article aims to glorify the novel idea of Visagism so that the clinician can create smiles that are meant worthy of the patient. The relationship between a patientrsquos smile and personality is one that is unintentionally overlooked during the course of treatment.
Advancements in Genomics and Personalized Medicine
Authors: Suchetha A Dr.
Published: October 2023

None
Navigating Uncharted Waters: A Vision for our Pharmacy Journal
Authors: Satheesh Babu B K Dr.
Published: October 2023

None
Development and Evaluation of Floating Bilayer Tablet Containing Combination of Oxethazine and Cefixime Trihydrate
Authors: R Raghavendra , ST Bhagawati , K Manjunath , S Irappanavar
Published: October 2023

Aim The objective of present work was to formulate and evaluate bilayer tablets of Oxethazine and Cefixime trihydrate developed by direct compression method for effectively treating gastric ulcer and H. pylori infection.Methods The tablets were prepared having immediate release layer of Oxethazine and sustained release layer of Cefixime trihydrate. Sodium starch glycolate was used as super disintegrant for immediate release layer. The bilayer tablets were prepared by direct compression method using HPMC K100 and natural polymers like xanthan gum guar gum karaya gum which release the drug for 12 hours. Pre-compression parameters post-compression parameters and physical characteristics were evaluated for prepared formulations.Results The release of the Oxethazine from the immediate release layer was found to be 94.6plusmn0.02 in 30 minutes. The release of Cefixime trihydrate for the sustained release floating layer was found to be 99.88plusmn0.06 in 12 hours. The data obtained from in vitro release were fitted into the various kinetic models Zero Order Higuchi First Order and Kors MeyerndashPepparsquos Model.Conclusion The bilayer tablets developed offer both immediate release of Oxethazine and sustained release of Cefixime trihydrate. This suggests their potential as a viable option for treating gastric ulcers and H. pylori infections using an innovative dosage form.
Advances of Niosomes as a Targeted Drug Delivery Syste
Authors: Pooja K , B Shirsand S
Published: October 2023

Due to a lack of effective treatment factor or drug delivery systems many diseases go untreated especially when side effects and toxicities are the main cause of concern. Consequently we chose novel drug delivery system. The structure of niosomes is made up of three moieties hydrophilic amphiphilic and lipophilic which can accommodate several drug molecules with a wide range of solubilities. Niosomes are preferred over liposomes because of the non-ionic surfactants higher stability lower cost and ease of storage compared to phospholipids. Surfactants do not require any particular handling or storage conditions. Niosomes act as a controlled and targeted drug delivery system that reduces toxicity and increases drug penetration into target tissues. The review article focused on several ideas including advantages and disadvantages of niosomal preparations niosome characteristics and its application.
Financial market frictions and portfolio investment performance in Nigeria
Authors: Osayi Valentine Igbinedion  , Kasimu Abudu
Published: October 2023

In reallocating resources from the fund surplus unit to the fund deficit unit, financial markets face some interference which is referred to as financial market frictions. The study examines the micro and macro aspects of the effects of financial markets frictions on portfolio investments decisions and performance of financial market participants (individual firms and the entire economy). The study employs secondary data collected from firms annual reports and accounts and the World Bank data bank for national economic data. The firm level data covers a period of five years while the macro level data covers a period of seven (11) years. The study used EView 8.0 for generating the estimation results for the study. The study uses panel least square and two stage least square estimation techniques for the analysis of the data and to test the hypotheses. The study find, amongst other findings, that financial markets frictions and changes in financial market frictions across specific financial markets significantly affect investor’s portfolio decision and performance at the firm level and national economies. The study concludes that financial market frictions affect both portfolio investment decisions and portfolio investment performance in all financial markets and that exchange rate cheanges and changes in other financial markets frictions result in significant changes in investor’s decisions and performance across the globe. The study also concludes that the portfolio constituent of an investor changes with regards to changes in financial frictions. That portfolio investment decisions in all financial markets are significantly influenced by financial markets frictions at varying degrees and magnitudes and that these frictions changes frequently in financial markets. The study recommends, amongst other recommendations, that investors should give considerable attention to minimizing varied financial markets frictions that affect their investment decisions and the performance of their investment portfolio.
F-test and P-values: A synopsis
Authors: Robert Odek  , Gordon Opuodho
Published: October 2023

F-tests are a ratio of variances. F-tests are utilized in comparison of two variances, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression. On the other hand, P-values depict the extent to which data fit in the design projected by the hypothesis so that P-value test all the assumptions contained on how the data was produced. This article offers a synopsis of what exactly is F-test and P-values, and their usage.
Providing a solution to improve the performance of the sustainable supply chain by identifying the financial components affecting it (SSM or Soft Systems Methodology)
Authors: Fatemeh Aminnaseri  , Mohammad Taleghani
Published: October 2023

Today, in the world of competition, it is necessary for organizations to formulate structured management plans to operate in these conditions. One of the most important issues that can be investigated in depth can make organizations successful in the field of competition, the issue of supply chain management. A new point of view is a financial point of view. Therefore, in the current research, the aim is to provide a solution to improve the performance of the sustainable supply chain by identifying the financial components affecting it. In this way, using the soft systems methodology, approach, the problem of unstructured sustainable supply chain management from the financial point of view is expressed, and then by analyzing it, the image of different players of the drawing system and their root definition is raised. In the following, a conceptual model of activities is presented using the root definition and then the model is compared with the real world. Finally, the desired changes to improve and develop the actual system are identified and programs implemented to improve the performance and increase the profitability of the supply chain management system. Finally, the financial, monetary, sustainability and risk dimensions were identified as the four main factors affecting the sustainable supply chain. The results of this study will be effective for designing improvement patterns in sustainable supply chain management.
REVIEW : PERFORMA MEMBRAN KOMPOSIT MENGGUNAKAN ALIRAN DEAD-END FILTRATION
Authors: As'adah Anis , MUNASIR Munasir
Published: October 2023

Teknologi berbasis membran merupakan salah satu teknologi pengolahan air yang paling banyak diminati saat ini karena memiliki beberapa manfaat seperti konsumsi energi yang begitu relatif rendah dan operasi yang sederhana. Membran Graphene Oxide (GO) termasuk membran yang banyak diminati karena memiliki porositas GO yang tinggi serta ukuran pori nano yang baik. Sehingga dilakukan review artikel tentang performa membran komposit menggunakan aliran dead-end filtration. Bahan-bahan lain yang dapat dikompositkan dengan membran GO seperti Ti3C2Tx, Ni, Isophorone Diisocyanate (IPDI), TiO2, Ag, PAM, Attapulgite (ATP) dan SiO2 yang memiliki potensi untuk filtrasi yang berbeda-bedaseperti untuk filtrasi pada pemisahan molekul dan pengolahan air, filtrasi untuk zat pewarna dan lain-lain. Dalam proses filtrasi membran untuk aliran dead-end filtration merupakan aliran yang secara keseluruhannya akan melewati suatu membran serta partikel akan tertahan pada membran tersebut. Pada review artikel ini didapatkan membran komposit GO/SiO2 yang memiliki performa baik dilihat dari nilai fluks tertinggi sebesar 229.15 L/m2.h.bar di antara membran komposit yang lain dan berpotensi untuk filtrasi pencemaran air.

Kata Kunci: Membran Komposit, Graphene Oxide, Dead-End Filtration

Abstract

Membrane-based technology is one of the most popular water treatment technologies today because it has several benefits such as relatively low energy consumption and simple operation. Graphene Oxide (GO) membranes are among the membranes that are in great demand because they have high GO porosity and good nano pore sizes. Therefore, a review of articles on the performance of composite membranes using dead-end filtration was carried out. Other materials that can be composited with GO membranes such as Ti3C2Tx, Ni, Isophorone Diisocyanate (IPDI), TiO2, Ag, PAM, Attapulgite (ATP) and SiO2 which have different potential for filtration such as for filtration in molecular separation and water treatment , filtration for dyes and others. In the membrane filtration process for dead-end filtration flow is a flow that as a whole will pass through a membrane and the particles will be stuck on the membrane. In this review article, it was found that the GO/SiO2 composite membrane had good performance in terms of the highest flux value of 229.15 L/m2.h.bar among other composite membranes and has the potential to filter water pollution.

Keywords: Composite Membrane, Graphene Oxide, Dead-End Filtration
EXPLORING FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT STUDENTS’ WORK READINESS
Authors: Sultoni Sultoni , Gunawan Imam , Mangzila Asfi
Published: October 2023

Work readiness can be thought of as the extent to which individuals have the attitudes and skills needed to be successful in their job. This study aims to explore the factors that can influence students’ work readiness. Data collected from 64 Bidikmisi scholarship recipients were analyzed using factor analysis. The results confirmed that the five proposed dimensions were reduced to two factors. The first factor consists of three dimensions namely maturity level, mental and emotional state, and self-development efforts. The second factor consists of two dimensions namely previous experience and intelligence level. Implications of the findings are discussed and future research opportunities are suggested.
KAJIAN PICTURE FUZZY SUBGRUP
Authors: Oktaviani Dinni Rahma
Published: October 2023

Zadeh pada tahun 1965. Himpunan fuzzy membahas mengenai ketidakpastian dari keanggotaan himpunan. Ketidakpastian dari keanggotaan himpunan ini dapat dilihat dari derajat keanggotaan himpunan fuzzy berada pada interval [0,1]. Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan untuk mengembangkan konsep himpunan fuzzy tersebut, salah satunya himpunan fuzzy gambar/ picture fuzzy set (PFS). PFS pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Cuong & Kreinovich pada tahun 2013. Penelitian PFS juga telah banyak dilakukan baik dalam penerapannya maupun teorinya. Salah satu penelitian teori mengenai PFS adalah picture fuzzy subgrup (PFSG). Pada artikel ini dibahas mengenai definisi PFSG, sifat derajat keanggotaannya, hasil operasi PFSG dan sifat-sifatnya serta definisi picture fuzzy value (PFV) dan konjugasi dari dua PFSG.
Investigating the Challenges of Studying Science in English as a Medium of Instruction: Foundation Year Students’ Perceptions at the University of Jeddah
Authors: Alasmari Nasser
Published: October 2023

Undeniably, there has been a growing demand for the acquisition of the English language in recent decades. Despite the serious efforts made to intensively use this language in Saudi educational settings, its implementation as a medium of instruction (MOI) still poses challenges and obstacles to students, especially those specializing in scientific branches. The incorporation of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) at the tertiary level is not a new topic to be explored. However, revisiting such aspect of research is highly recommended. This is particularly true in unexplored areas, as is the case in the current research, which was conducted at the University of Jeddah. The study aimed to investigate the difficulties and challenges of studying scientific subjects in English as MOI as perceived by Foundation Year Saudi students. A sample of 113 newly admitted students participated in this study. Two main research instruments were qualitatively used for data collection, namely a questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The results indicate students’ recognition of the importance of the English language. Results also indicate the existence of language-related difficulties, such as students’ inadequate English proficiency, and other kinds of challenges to be major barriers impeding the effective incorporation of EMI. Such obstacles involve teacher competency level and insufficient course materials in addition to students’ lack of motivation and interest. Some recommendations on how to overcome such obstacles are included in this paper.
Pengaruh Penggantian Sebagian Semen dengan Abu Tempurung Kelapa terhadap Kinerja Beton
Authors: Santosa Bing , Ginting Arusmalem , Adi Prasetya , Manasye Eliada Obed
Published: October 2023

Beton hijau adalah beton ramah lingkungan yang dibuat dengan menggunakan limbah atau bahan sisa. Beton hijau dibuat menggunakan bahan alternatif untuk menggantikan sebagaian semen atau agregat. Tempurung kelapa merupakan limbah padat dari hasil pengolahan kelapa yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal sehingga abu tempurung kelapa perlu dicoba untuk menggantikan sebagian semen. Substitusi semen dengan abu tempurung kelapa yang digunakan adalah 2,5%, 5,0%, 7,5%, 10%, 12,5%, 15%, 17,5%, 20%, dan 22,5 % terhadap berat semen. Benda uji berupa silinder beton sebanyak 3 buah setiap variasi dan dengan jumlah total 30 buah. Pengujian yang dilakukan berupa pengujian slump untuk beton segar dan pengujian kuat tekan untuk beton keras setelah berumur 28 hari. Dari hasil penelitian didapat: abu tempurung kelapa mempunyai kandungan silika yang tinggi sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pozzolan. Peningkatan persentase substitusi semen dengan abu tempurung kelapa menurunkan nilai slump. Substitusi semen dengan abu tempurung kelapa meningkatkan kuat tekan beton. Peningkatan persentase substitusi semen dengan abu tempurung kelapa menurunkan kuat tekan beton Substitusi semen dengan abu tempurung kelapa tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap berat volume beton.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Filler Bata Terhadap Stabilitas Perkerasan Pada Rendaman Bendungan Benanga
Authors: Liana Ulwiyah Wahdah Mufassirin , Siregar Adde Currie , Pratiwi Dheka Shara , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Bendungan Benanga merupakan konstruksi yang dibangun untuk menahan laju dan menampung air yang terletak di Kelurahan Lempake, Kalimantan Timur.  Awal pembangunannya, kapasitas bendungan mencapai 1,6 juta m3 dan daya tampung bendungan menyusut sampai 500.000 m3. Mengakibatkan rawan luapan di sekitar bendungan bahkan mengakibatkan banjir di daerah Bengkuring. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan filler bata pada perkerasan dalam rendaman air Bendungan Benanga. Jika perkerasan terendam, maka rongga perkerasan terisi air dan melarutkan material, sehingga menurunkan stabilitas. Penggunaan bata untuk memanfaatkan limbah renovasi dan sebagai pengganti Portland cement karena memiliki sifat pozolanik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan eksperimental, menggunakan aspal Pen 60/70, agregat kasar dan halus dari Palu, terdiri dari 2 variabel yaitu 0% dan 100% filler bata. Standar campuran mengacu pada Bina Marga, 2018 dan analisis menggunakan metode Marshall. Dari penelitian ini, campuran kadar aspal 5,5% dengan 100% filler bata dapat digunakan untuk inovasi campuran perkerasan dengan kekuatan menahan beban 3.190,7 kg dan kelelehan sekitar 5 cm. Campuran mampu menahan beban lalu lintas terbesar dengan penurunan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan campuran lainnya. Rongga yang terisi aspal (Void Filled with Asphalt, VFWA) memenuhi syarat dan efisien yaitu 72,7%, sehingga perkerasan tidak berongga dan kedap air. Campuran ini meminimalisir terjadinya kerusakan perkerasan yang sering terendam banjir.
Rasio Nilai Kuat Lentur pada Beton Geopolimer dengan Penambahan Superplasticizer
Authors: Lie Ester Surya , Rachmansyah Rachmansyah
Published: October 2023

Beton semen merupakan bahan alternatif dalam konstruksi karena memiliki kekuatan yang tinggi. Beton semen memiliki bahan seperti agregat kasar, agregat halus, semen dan air. Saat produksi semen menghasilkan emisi seperti partikel debu, SO2, gas CO2, dan polutan lainnya. Emisi dapat merusak lingkungan sehingga diperlukan alternatif untuk mengatasinya. Beton geopolimer merupakan beton tanpa bahan semen. Pada penelitian ini, bahan semen diganti dengan abu terbang. Beton ini merupakan salah satu produk ramah lingkungan. Dalam beberapa penelitian, nilai kuat lentur beton geopolimer memiliki hasil yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan beton semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai kuat lentur beton geopolimer sehingga setara dengan beton semen menurut SNI 2847:2013 sebesar 0,62√(fc'), dengan penambahan persentase superplasticizer 2% agar membuat beton lebih padat. Benda uji balok menggunakan ukuran 15 × 15 × 53 cm sebanyak 32 buah dengan mix design beton geopolimer yang dibuat dengan molaritas NaOH yang berbeda-beda. Beton diuji kuat tekan dan kuat lenturnya menurut SNI 1974:2011 dan SNI 4431:2011. Hasil penelitian ini adalah rasio kuat lentur beton geopolimer dengan penambahan superplasticizer 2% menghasilkan 0,62√(fc'). Nilai rasio kuat lentur beton geopolimer setara dengan nilai rasio kuat lentur beton berbahan dasar semen dalam SNI 2847:2013 sebesar 0,62√(fc').
Melatonin: biological significance and therapeutic properties
Authors: Rimšaitė V. , Bogdanavičienė K. , Gudavičiūtė G. , Pajėdienė E.
Published: October 2023

Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland that is important for various neurological and endocrine processes in the body. With age and various diseases, a decrease in the concentration of melatonin is observed, its antioxidant effect is reduced, therefore, the circadian rhythm is disturbed, mental disorders occur, and the risk of oncological, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases increases. Due to its wide spectrum of action, melatonin can be used successfully and safely for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. In recent years, the antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of melatonin have been increasingly investigated, as has the potential positive effects of melatonin on adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 infection. By adapting the natural properties of melatonin for therapeutic purposes, exogenous melatonin preparations can potentially be used in addition to, or even as a substitute for, other currently used drugs. However, it is important to weigh the benefits and the risks. Although current studies show relative safety with low doses of exogenous melatonin, it is necessary to further investigate and analyze the safety and efficacy of these agents in the short and long term.
Ocular myasthenia
Authors: Zakaravičiūtė J. , Šerelytė M.
Published: October 2023

Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder typically presenting with variable skeletal muscle fatigue. The most prevalent initial manifestation of myasthenia is ocular myasthenia. Approximately 50% of all myasthenia cases begin with the weakening of the eye muscles that generally presents as diplopia and/or ptosis. However, about 60% of these cases progress to a generalized type within the first 2 years. The diagnosis of ocular myasthenia is often difficult but is collectively confirmed by clinical evaluation and laboratory results.Clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, relevance, and therapeutic options are discussed in this article.