bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Iron Mining Waste Addition as a Sustainable Alternative on the Resilient and Physical Properties of Soils for Pavement Design
Authors: Galhardo Daniel Corrêa , Guimarães Antônio Carlos Rodrigues , Martins Camila Antunes , Narciso Murilo Miguel , Monteiro Sergio Neves , Coelho Lisley Madeira
Published: November 2024

Mining activities generate large volumes of waste, posing environmental and economic challenges, particularly in Brazil’s Quadrilátero Ferrífero region. This study assesses the potential reuse of iron ore waste from Samarco Mineração S.A. in road pavement layers by blending it with phyllite residual soil (PRS) and lateritic clayey soil (LCS). The addition of 50% waste to PRS led to substantial improvements, increasing the resilient modulus (RM) by up to 130% under medium stress and reducing expansibility from 6.1% to 1%, meeting Brazilian standards for sub-base applications. These enhancements make the PRS-waste blend a viable and sustainable option for reinforcing subgrade and sub-base layers. In contrast, the LCS with 20% waste showed moderate RM improvements under high-stress conditions, while higher waste contents reduced stiffness, indicating that higher dosages may adversely affect performance. This study highlights the potential of inert, non-hazardous mining waste as a safe and efficient solution for pavement applications, promoting the sustainable use of discarded materials.
Policy Simulation of the Coordinated Development of Environmental Governance and Urbanization in the Beijing–Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Study Using a Multi-Regional CGE Model
Authors: Meng Qianqian , Jia Ziying , Yang Huixue
Published: November 2024

Ecological environmental governance is not only a crucial aspect of the urbanization process, but also a key factor for achieving coordinated development between regional economies and the environment. This study utilizes a multi-regional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to simulate the impact of varying degrees of environmental governance on urbanization in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. The results indicate that ecological environmental governance may exert certain negative effects on urbanization processes, such as GDP, household income, and industrial output; however, it also helps to reduce environmental pollution to some extent. From the different scenarios examined, we observed that both fully local environmental governance and proportional environmental governance result in impacts on urbanization development in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. However, significant differences are evident among the three regions. The effects of ecological environmental governance on urbanization are the least pronounced in Beijing, followed by Tianjin, while Hebei experiences far greater disruptions, with economic declines exceeding 7%, significantly surpassing its capacity to cope. Based on these findings, this paper proposes several policy recommendations, including the necessity of differentiated intensities for ecological environmental governance, a gradual expansion of the governance scope, and the implementation of a diverse combination of policies for air pollution control and emissions reduction.
Comparative Study of Ammonium and Orthophosphate Removal Efficiency with Natural and Modified Clay-Based Materials, for Sustainable Management of Eutrophic Water Bodies
Authors: Biliani Irene , Tsavatopoulou Vasiliki , Zacharias Ierotheos
Published: November 2024

Eutrophication, a global threat that leads to degradation of freshwater and seawater aquatic ecosystems, is driven by excessive nutrient loading. This study explores the sustainable management of eutrophic water bodies with the application of natural and modified clay-based materials as a practical solution to mitigate eutrophication by removing ammonium and orthophosphate ions. Comparative analyses of six materials: natural zeolite, bentonite, and perlite, along with their modification with calcium and iron, were assessed after kinetic analysis of each material. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the material’s performance in fresh and seawater. Fitting experimental data assessed adsorption kinetics to pseudo-second-order models. Furthermore, Langmuir isotherm models were employed to determine each material’s maximum adsorption capacity for ammonium and orthophosphate ion uptake. The results revealed that freshwater applications of modified zeolite or natural bentonite achieved better orthophosphate ion removal efficiency from seawater, whereas employing natural zeolite maximized the ammonium ion removal efficiency in freshwater bodies. Finally, orthophosphate and ammonium ion removal efficiency results for almost all materials were diminished in seawater. This research contributes valuable insights to the development of efficient and sustainable nutrient removal methodologies to remediate natural eutrophic water bodies and protect aquatic ecosystems.
Peculiarities of Particulate Matter Absorption by Urban Tree Species in the Major Cities of Armenia
Authors: Nersisyan Gayane , Przybysz Arkadiusz , Vardanyan Zhirayr , Sayadyan Hovik , Muradyan Nelli , Grigoryan Manik , Ktrakyan Sergey
Published: November 2024

Air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), impacts public health in urban areas. Vegetation acts as a natural filter, removing environmental pollution by absorbing large quantities of toxic substances on the foliage. Ambient air pollution problems are real in Armenia’s cities. This article presents the results of a study based on field sampling in July 2022 undertaken in urban parks and streets in the Armenian cities of Yerevan, Gyumri, and Vanadzor. The three cities have different climates and geographic conditions. The main research goal was a comparative study of the accumulation of PM by urban greenery. The most widespread tree species were selected for the study in each city: in Yerevan, Platanus orientalis and Quercus robur; in Gyumri, Fraxinus excelsior and Tilia caucasica; and in Vanadzor, Aesculus hippocastanum and Acer pseudoplatanus. The ecological status of trees was assessed through visual observation. Tree species with high PM uptake potential were identified and selected for inclusion in urban greening systems (Platanus orientalis, Fraxinus excelsior, and Quercus robur in Yerevan; Tilia caucasica, Sorbus persica, Fraxinus excelsior, and Populus alba in Grumri; Acer pseudoplatanus, Fraxinus excelsior, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Thuja occidentalis in Vanadzor.). High PM accumulation was found on the leaves of tree species in all of the investigated cities, with the largest amount recorded in Yerevan. In these cities, PM levels were higher in street plantations than in parks. All studied tree species have a high potential for PM absorption, demonstrating strong phytofilter properties. Therefore, they can be effectively used in their typical climatic zones and included in street plantings, gardens, and parks. These results can help urban planners and policymakers make informed decisions about urban greening initiatives to improve air quality and overall wellbeing.
Transforming Agriculture: Empirical Insights into How the Digital Economy Elevates Agricultural Productivity in China
Authors: Xu Hao , Wang Peilin , Ding Kai
Published: November 2024

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasize enhancing agricultural productivity sustainably and strengthening the resilience of agricultural systems amidst rising economic uncertainties, escalating climate change risks, and geopolitical tensions. Amidst these challenges, the relentless progress of digital and information technologies heralds the digital economy as a potential game-changer for agricultural productivity. In 2023, the scale of China’s digital economy reached 7.64 trillion US dollars, accounting for 42.8% of China’s GDP, with the contribution of digital economy growth to GDP growth reaching 66.45%. As a nascent yet formidable force in the global economy, the digital economy is reshaping industries worldwide, particularly the agricultural sector. Food security and sustainability could potentially be affected by the digital economy, while agricultural productivity is a crucial element of food security and sustainability. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the extent to which the digital economy (DE) contributes to agricultural technical efficiency (ATE) in the context of China and to explore the mechanisms through which this impact is mediated and the implications for regional disparities. This study delves into the Chinese context, examining the empirical evidence of how the DE bolsters ATE utilizing provincial panel data. Key findings reveal the following: (1) DE exerts a significant and positive impact on ATE, demonstrating robust effects. (2) Marketization acts as a pivotal mediation mechanism in transmitting the positive influence of DE on ATE. (3) DE fosters convergence in ATE, narrowing regional disparities. Based on these insights, we propose strategic recommendations to mitigate agricultural production risks in agricultural productivity and propel food security and sustainability in China.
Development of Sustainability Competencies in Secondary School Education: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Sposab Kate , Rieckmann Marco
Published: November 2024

This scoping review examines the development and application of sustainability competence frameworks in secondary education worldwide, identifying key trends and challenges in the field. An initial pool of 2659 peer-reviewed publications from 2003 to 2023 were subjected to a rigorous, multi-stage screening process, resulting in a refined selection for in-depth analysis. Through qualitative clustering, the review identifies two primary perspectives on sustainability competencies. The first perspective emphasizes transversal competencies, applicable across diverse educational contexts, including national policies, global educational guidelines, various subject areas, and innovative teaching and learning approaches. The second perspective focuses on specific frameworks that address the cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of sustainability. The review highlights a global consensus on the importance of key competencies such as critical thinking, systems thinking, and action competence, which are essential for preparing secondary students to address sustainability challenges. Additionally, it underscores the need for a holistic approach to competence development that integrates cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. Despite this consensus, the review identifies a research bias, with a predominance of studies from Europe, particularly Germany and Sweden, and calls for increased regional diversity and collaboration in future research.
The Interplay Between Environmental Ethics and Sustainable Performance: Does Organizational Green Culture and Green Innovation Really Matter?
Authors: Enbaia Elhassan , Alzubi Ahmad , Iyiola Kolawole , Aljuhmani Hasan Yousef
Published: November 2024

Although organizational green culture and environmental ethics are increasingly acknowledged as crucial, few studies have comprehensively examined the interconnected relationship between green innovation and sustainable performance, particularly within manufacturing firms. As such, this study empirically examines the relationship between environmental ethics and sustainable performance through the mediating roles of green process and product innovations and the moderating role of organizational green culture on these relationships. It is grounded in stakeholder theory and a resource-based view. This study utilizes 236 valid cross-sectional data points from manufacturing firms in Turkey to test the proposed integrated theoretical model through structural equation modeling (SEM). Environmental ethics is positively associated with sustainable performance, green process innovation, and green product innovation. Green process innovation positively affects sustainable performance. Additionally, both green process and product innovations mediate the relationship between environmental ethics and sustainable performance. Moreover, organizational green culture enhances the relationship between environmental ethics and both green process innovation and green product innovation while moderating its role in sustainable performance. The findings highlight how environmental ethics, mediated by green innovation and moderated by organizational green culture, can drive sustainable performance, offering valuable insights for managers aiming to enhance sustainability initiatives in the manufacturing sector.
Integration of the Sustainable Development Goals into a Regional Development Plan in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Anggi Aran , Hasibuan Hayati Sari , Tambunan Rudy Parluhutan , Lautetu Lisa Meidiyanti
Published: November 2024

This study is about understanding how the values of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are integrated into regional development strategies in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to analyze the connection between the principles of the SDGs and elements of regional development. Data collection was conducted using the secondary data of SDG success indicators from 17 provinces in Indonesia, which were combined with the vision, mission, and regional development programs in the Regional Development Plan (RDP). We applied a content analysis of political, legal, fiscal, and administrative arrangements in the concept of localizing the SDGs. As a country that upholds the principle of autonomy and has committed to localizing the SDGs, Indonesia appears unable to promote sustainable development in the context of regional development strategies. Economic elements and governance remain the main paradigms of regional development. The very broad dimensions of sustainable development with limited resources mean that the regional development’s focus can only cover a small part of the SDGs. Therefore, multiparty support is crucial to strengthening the nuances of the SDGs in regional development strategies and localizing the norm of the SDGs is very important to strengthening the achievement of the SDGs in regional development.
Economic Feasibility of Biogas Microgeneration from Food Waste: Potential for Sustainable Energy in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Roa Iván D. , Henriquez Jorge R. , Dutra Emmanuel D. , Menezes Rômulo S. C. , Andrade Monaliza M. M. , Santos Junior Edvaldo P. , Rocha Luiz Célio S. , Rotella Junior Paulo
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates three scenarios’ technical and economic viability for implementing a microgeneration power plant using biogas derived from the anaerobic digestion of food waste. The case study focuses on the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) campus in Recife, northeastern (NE) Brazil, targeting the organic fraction of solid waste from food units (restaurants, canteens, and kiosks). The analysis was based on field data, the chemical composition of the waste, and the electric energy consumption. Biogas production of 166 m3/day from 1 ton/day of food waste was estimated using an anaerobic reactor of 126 m3. This amount of biogas could generate about 360 kWh/day of electricity if the plant operates at peak hours using a generator set with an alternative internal combustion engine of 120 kW, with a consumption of 66 m3/h and fuel efficiency of 30%. The system could generate 390 kWh/day of electrical energy using a microturbine, with a consumption of 78 m3/h and 30% efficiency. The scenario utilizing a tubular reactor and an internal combustion engine demonstrated the best economic viability. While this study focuses on financial aspects, the findings suggest significant potential contributions to sustainability, including reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and advancing renewable energy solutions. This model can be adapted for small NE Brazil municipalities, offering economic and environmental benefits.
Effect of the Combined Application of Compost with the Spraying of Some Nano Fertilizers on the Performance of Mango
Authors: Mosa Walid F. A. , Al-Saif Adel M. , Sas-Paszt Lidia , Górnik Krzysztof , Eladly Ragheb M.
Published: November 2024

The overuse of chemical fertilizers can harm soil decomposition organisms, decrease mycorrhizal colonization, and suppress nitrogen fixation through excessive nitrogen application. It is also expensive and contributes to environmental degradation, ecosystem instability, and the accumulation of heavy metals in soils and crops. Therefore, it is important to the resurgence to apply organic fertilization and nano fertilizers to lessen the reliance on the utilization of chemical fertilizers, produce healthy products, improve fruit quality, maintain soil fertility and microbial biomass, and consequently improve soil fertility and fruit productivity. In the current study, organic compost was added to the soil at 0, 2, and 3 kg/tree singly and in combination with the spraying of nanoparticles from boron and zinc at 50, 100, and 150 mg/L and nano potassium (K) at 100, 200, and 300 mg/L. The results showed that the addition of 3 kg compost to the soil combined with 150 mg/L ZnO + 150 mg/L B2O3 + 300 mg/L K2O (T12), or 100 mg/L ZnO + 100 mg/L B2O3 + 200 mg/L K2O (T11), and the addition of 2 kg soil combined with 150 mg/L ZnO + 150 mg/L B2O3 + 300 mg/L K2O (T8) and with 100 mg/L ZnO + 100 mg/L B2O3 + 200 mg/L K2O (T7) greatly improved the vegetative growth, yield, fruit quality, soil fertility, and nutritional status of the trees compared to the other applied treatments, and the addition of 3 kg compost to the soil combined with 150 mg/L ZnO + 150 mg/L B2O3 + 300 mg/L K2O (T12) was the superior formula in the two seasons.
Evaluating the Anti-Corruption Factor in Environmental, Social, and Governance Indices by Sampling Large Financial Asset Management Firms
Authors: Strang Kenneth David , Vajjhala Narasimha Rao
Published: November 2024

Current Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) indices are flawed because the data are incomplete and not reported consistently, and some measured factors may be irrelevant to the industry. Regulators in the financial services industry emphasize reporting CO2 emissions (environmental factor), yet the key resources leveraged for production are rented offices, and internet–governance issues like money laundering, corruption, and unethical behavior would be more relevant. To investigate this problem, we sampled the finance and insurance industry firms in the USA with the greatest economic impact, i.e., those managing at least USD 1 trillion in assets. We used artificial intelligence to collect data about undisclosed legal decisions against firms to measure the ESG anti-corruption governance factor GRI 206-1, defined by the Global Reporting Institute (GRI) for global sustainable development goals (SDGs), which correspond to the United Nations’ SDGs. We applied Bayesian correlation with bootstrapping to test our hypotheses, followed by root cause analysis. We found that ESG ratings from providers did not reflect legal cases decided against firms; the Bayesian BF+0 odds ratio was 3005 (99% confidence intervals were 0.617, 0.965). Also, misconduct fines and arbitration legal case counts were significantly related for the same firm (the Vovk-Selke maximum p-ratio was 4411), but most ESG scores were significantly different for the same firm. We found three other studies in the literature that corroborated some of our findings that specific firms in our sample were considered to be unethical. We propose deeper study of the implications related to our findings based on public interest and stakeholder theory.
Decoding Tianjin: How Does Urban Form Shape the Diurnal Cycle of Surface Temperature?
Authors: Wei Ting , Li Wei , Tang Juan
Published: November 2024

In the context of global climate change and the increasing severity of the urban heat island effect, it is particularly important to study the spatial variation mechanism of urban land surface temperature (LST). The LST data provided by ECOSTRESS offer a new perspective for deepening our understanding of the diurnal cycle and spatial variation of urban LST. In this study, based on a block scale, Tianjin is divided into nine block types, and a multi-scale geographic regression weighting (MGWR) model is used to comprehensively explore the relative contributions of urban 2D and 3D landscape indicators of different block types to the spatial changes in diurnal urban LST cycles. The results indicate that ① the thermal effect during the daytime is mainly influenced by the building density, while at night, it is more influenced by the building height and the heat retention effect; ② the building indicator and the water-body indicator had the most significant effect on surface temperature at different observation times; ③ the influence of urban morphology on land surface temperature shows significant spatial non-stationarity across different block types. This study enhances the understanding of the mechanisms driving urban heat island formation and provides a scientific basis for urban authorities to develop more effective urban planning and heat island mitigation strategies.
Does Information Transparency Moderate the Relationship Between ESG and Green Innovation? Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Qin Mengdi , Lee Eunmi Tatum
Published: November 2024

The results regarding whether the relationship between environmental, social, and governance activities and green innovation is linear or non-linear are inconsistent. Therefore, by drawing on stakeholder theory and neoclassical perspective, we re-examined the relationship and con-firmed the non-linear relationship between environmental, social, and governance activities and green innovation, which constitutes the academic contribution of this paper. In particular, we investigated the moderating effect of information transparency on the relationship by constructing an index using five indicators from Chinese databases. By merging Chinese local databases, more than 3000 companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges in China were analyzed, with the fixed-effect estimation methods confirming a U-shaped relationship. The results further showed that information transparency strengthens the U-shaped relationship between environmental, social, and governance activities and green innovation. Our study provides an important implication that a high level of information transparency enhances this relationship in emerging economies such as China, where information transparency is relatively less developed.
Sustainable Chemistry: The Future
Authors: Jones Matthew D.
Published: November 2024

When we watch the news and events around the world, it is almost impossible not to find items related to climate change, energy security or issues around plastic waste in the environment [...]
Breather Bound States in a Parametrically Driven Magnetic Wire
Authors: Castro Camilo José , Ortega-Piwonka Ignacio , Malomed Boris A. , Urzagasti Deterlino , Pedraja-Rejas Liliana , Díaz Pablo , Laroze David
Published: November 2024

We report the results of a systematic investigation of localized dynamical states in the model of a one-dimensional magnetic wire, which is based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equation. The dissipative term in the LLG equation is compensated by the parametric drive imposed by the external AC magnetic field, which is uniformly applied perpendicular to the rectilinear wire. The existence and stability of the localized states is studied in the plane of the relevant control parameters, namely, the amplitude of the driving term and the detuning of its frequency from the parametric resonance. With the help of systematically performed simulations of the LLG equation, the existence and stability areas are identified in the parameter plane for several species of the localized states: stationary single- and two-soliton modes, single and double breathers, drifting double breathers with spontaneously broken inner symmetry, and multisoliton complexes. Multistability occurs in this system. The breathers emit radiation waves (which explains their drift caused by the spontaneous symmetry breaking, as it breaks the balance between the recoil from the waves emitted to left and right), while the multisoliton complexes exhibit cycles of periodic transitions between three-, five-, and seven-soliton configurations. Dynamical characteristics of the localized states are systematically calculated too. These include, in particular, the average velocity of the asymmetric drifting modes, and the largest Lyapunov exponent, whose negative and positive values imply that the intrinsic dynamics of the respective modes is regular or chaotic, respectively.
Using Sediment Bacterial Communities to Predict Trace Metal Pollution Risk in Coastal Environment Management: Feasibility, Reliability, and Practicability
Authors: Xia Yuanfen , Liu Jiayuan , Yang Xuechun , Ling Xiaofeng , Fang Yan , Xu Zhen , Liu Fude
Published: November 2024

The distribution of trace metals (TMs) in a continuous water body often exhibits watershed attributes, but the tidal gates of the coastal rivers may alter their transformation and accumulation patterns. Therefore, a tidal gate-controlled coastal river was selected to test the distribution and accumulation risks of Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, and Zn in the catchment area (CA), estuarine area (EA), and offshore area (OA). Associations between TMs and bacterial communities were analyzed to assess the feasibility of using bacterial parameters as ecological indicators. The results showed that As and Cr were the key pollutants due to the higher enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index, reaching slight to moderate pollution levels. The Nemero index was highest in EAs (14.93), indicating a higher pollution risk in sediments near tide gates. Although the TM dynamics can be explained by the metal-indicating effects of Fe and Mn, they have no linear relationships with toxic metals. Interestingly, the metabolic abundance of bacterial communities showed good correlations with different TMs in the sediment. These results highlight bacterial community characteristics as effective biomarkers for assessing TM pollution and practical tools for managing pollution control in coastal environment.
Is Polyhexamethylene Guanidine and Oligo(2-(2-Ethoxy) Ethoxyethyl Guanidium Chloride Exposure Related to Gestational Diabetes?
Authors: Choi Hyowon , Kim Nam-Yun , Kim Nalai , Ahn Yeon-Soon
Published: November 2024

This study aims to investigate the association between exposure to toxic indoor chemicals, specifically polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) and oligo(2-(2-ethoxy) ethoxyethyl guanidinium) chloride (PGH), used in humidifier disinfectants, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We confirmed pregnancy from 2003 to 2017 and identified GDM by linking a cohort of claimants who reported exposure to PHMG/PGH with National Health Insurance Service data. The GDM incidence was calculated, and PHMG/PGH exposure characteristics—exposure status, the humidifier’s distance/location, and exposure duration/hours—were investigated. Logistic regression and mediation analysis were applied using asthma, frequently treated with steroids, as a mediator. Among 521 pregnancies, 38 were identified as GDM, with 2.4% before exposure and 8.9% after exposure. Pregnancies after exposure had a higher odds ratio (OR) for GDM (OR 2.968, 95% CI: 1.004–12.725). A trend of increased GDM risk was observed with longer exposure duration/hours. Additionally, pregnancies after exposure demonstrated total and direct effects on GDM (β = 0.0435, p = 0.036, β = 0.0432, p = 0.030) independent of the indirect effects by asthma. The incidence of GDM was higher after PHMG/PGH exposure compared to before. PHMG/PGH exposure was associated with GDM, independent of asthma. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in exposed cohorts and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Peptide Toxins from Marine Conus Snails with Activity on Potassium Channels and/or Currents
Authors: Martínez-Hernández Luis , López-Vera Estuardo , Aguilar Manuel B.
Published: November 2024

Toxins from Conus snails are peptides characterized by a great structural and functional diversity. They have a high affinity for a wide range of membrane proteins such as ion channels, neurotransmitter transporters, and G protein-coupled receptors. Potassium ion channels are integral proteins of cell membranes that play vital roles in physiological processes in muscle and neuron cells, among others, and reports in the literature indicate that perturbation in their function (by mutations or ectopic expression) may result in the development and progression of different ailments in humans. This review aims to gather as much information as possible about Conus toxins (conotoxins) with an effect on potassium channels and/or currents, with a perspective of exploring the possibility of finding or developing a possible drug candidate from these toxins. The research indicates that, among the more than 900 species described for this genus, in only 14 species of the >100 studied to date have such toxins been found (classified according to the most specific evidence for each case), as follows: 17 toxins with activity on two groups of potassium channels (Kv and KCa), 4 toxins with activity on potassium currents, and 5 toxins that are thought to inhibit potassium channels by symptomatology and/or a high sequence similarity.
Is San Diego California on Track to Reach HCV Elimination? A Modeling Analysis of Combination Prevention Strategies
Authors: Cheema Jaskaran S. , Suckow Scott , Ramers Christian , Loose Patrick , Tomada Andrea , Tweeten Samantha , Stamos-Buesig Tara , Abramovitz Daniela , Eger William H. , Strathdee Steffanie A. , Martin Natasha K.
Published: November 2024

In 2020, the Eliminate Hepatitis C Initiative in the county of San Diego (COSD) was launched, a private–public joint endeavor between the COSD and the American Liver Foundation. We use epidemic modeling to assess whether the COSD is on track to reach its elimination targets (80% reduction in incidence, 65% reduction in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related mortality by 2030 compared to 2015) and what intervention scale-up may be required. We adapted a previously developed dynamic, deterministic model of HCV transmission and disease progression among adults in the COSD, stratified by risk, age, gender, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. The model is calibrated to detailed historical epidemiological data on HCV burden, treatment, and mortality in the COSD. We project HCV infections and mortality under status quo HCV treatment (65%/year among people coinfected with HCV and HIV, 0–5%/year among others) and determine what treatment scale-up among those without HIV is required to achieve HCV elimination, with or without concomitant reductions in injection transmission risk from 2024 onward. We project an increase in new HCV infections in the COSD to 2213 [95% C.I.: 1069–3763] in 2030, a mean 91% relative increase between 2015 and 2030. HCV-related deaths are expected to decrease to 246 [95% C.I.: 180–295] in 2030, a mean relative decrease of 14% compared to 2015. The incidence elimination target could be achieved through increasing HCV treatment among those without HIV to a mean of 60%/year, similar to the level achieved among people coinfected with HCV and HIV. Combination interventions reduce the treatment needed; if injecting risk is reduced by 25%, then treating 48%/year could achieve elimination. The COSD is likely not on track to reach the incidence or mortality targets, but achieving the incidence target is possible if treatment rates overall are scaled-up to rates that have been achieved among people coinfected with HCV and HIV. Elimination is achievable but requires committed funding and expansion of comprehensive testing, linkage, and treatment programs alongside harm reduction initiatives.
The Impact of Obesity on Influenza Vaccine Immunogenicity and Antibody Transfer to the Infant During Pregnancy
Authors: Clarke Michelle , Mathew Suja M. , Giles Lynne C. , Barr Ian G. , Richmond Peter C. , Marshall Helen S.
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Influenza vaccination is recommended for pregnant women, offering the dual benefit of protecting pregnant women and their newborn infants against influenza. This study aimed to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on influenza vaccine responses in pregnant women and their newborns. Methods: Participants included pregnant women attending the Women’s and Children’s Hospital in South Australia between 2018 and 2021. Maternal blood samples were collected prior to and at 1 and 6 months post-influenza vaccination to measure antibody responses by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Cord blood samples were also collected. The percentages of participants achieving HI titre ≥40 were compared between obese and non-obese groups. Results: A total of 73 women were enrolled and received quadrivalent influenza vaccination at a mean age of 32 years (range 21–44 y) and median gestation of 24 weeks (range 11–37 weeks). BMI at vaccination was ≥30 kg/m2 for 21/73 women (29%). Most pregnant women demonstrated antibody titres ≥ 40 to all four influenza vaccine strains at 1 month post-vaccination regardless of BMI category (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2: 19/20; 95% vs. BMI < 30 kg/m2: 47/49; 96%). At 6 months post-vaccination, 12/17 (71%) obese women compared to 36/43 (84%) non-obese women (p = 0.25) maintained HI titres ≥ 40. Cord blood serology showed HI titres ≥ 40 for 11/17 (65%) infants born to mothers with BMI ≥ 30 compared to 30/35 (86%) infants delivered by mothers with BMI < 30 kg/m2. Conclusions: A high BMI did not impair influenza vaccine antibody responses in pregnant women at 1 month post-vaccination. However, at 6 months post-vaccination, and in the cord blood samples, the percentages maintaining HI titre ≥ 40 were lower for obese women than for non-obese pregnant women.
Seasonal Patterns of Water Chemistry into Three Boreal Rivers: Implication for Salmonid Incubation and Rearing in the Frame of Hydrological Extremes and Land Use Contexts
Authors: Benetti Rudy , Severini Edoardo , Nika Nerijus , Čerkasova Natalja , Magri Monia , Bartoli Marco
Published: November 2024

Climate change is expected to alter the timing and intensity of precipitation and river discharge patterns, leading to hydrological extremes. Compared to forested watersheds, highly urbanized and cultivated areas are prone to sediment and nutrient loads from agricultural fields, impacting river water quality. On the other hand, prolonged low discharge periods limit the rivers’ dilution capacity, and result in hyporheic water stagnation and the accumulation of metabolic end products. Hydrological extremes may, therefore, produce severe implications for river water quality and, consequently, for aquatic life; however, this important aspect is poorly explored in the literature. In this context, three boreal streams that represent spawning and juvenile rearing habitats for anadromous salmonids were analyzed comparatively with respect to land use, anthropization level, and seasonal variability in water chemistry, during low and high discharge events. A set of chemical parameters depicting the water quality are discussed in relation to different land cover features, high discharge events, and seasonality. Finally, potential negative implications for the incubation period of salmonid embryos and juvenile rearing are outlined.
Comparative Investigation of the Anammox Process Using Free-Floating Carriers of Activated Sludge-Attached Biocenosis
Authors: Nikolaev Yury A. , Kanapatskiy Timur A. , Grachev Vladimir A. , Dorofeev Alexander G. , Litti Yury V. , Mardanov Andrey V. , Kozhusko Alexey Yu. , Gruzdev Evgeny V. , Berestovskaya Yulia Yu. , Pimenov Nikolay V.
Published: November 2024

For ammonium removal from wastewater, anammox technologies are among the most efficient and rapidly developing ones. Due to the low growth rate of anammox bacteria and their sensitivity to various inhibitors, technologies using attached biocenosis carriers (ABCs) provide for reliable operation. The goal of the present work was to investigate a new ABC type, ETEK biochips based on a nonwoven fibrous material. The work involved the techniques of materials science (design of a new ABC type) and physical modeling of the anammox process (in a laboratory bioreactor), as well as electron microscopy and molecular profiling of activated sludge communities. Comparison of the ETEK biochips with the ABCs of foamed polyethylene BF33 and Mutag revealed more rapid accumulation (5-fold) of the activated sludge biomass on ETEK biochips upon reactor launching, as well as comparable buoyancy and reactor productivity regarding N removal. The specific rate of nitrogen removal obtained with ETEK biochips considerably exceeded that for foamed polyethylene with a filler: 1.5–3 times higher per chip and 1.5 times higher per activated sludge biomass unit. The studied ABC shared the same issue of floating to the surface due to the active formation of gas (N2). The algorithm for calculating the downward flows in bioreactors with rapidly surfacing ABC is proposed, and a new hydrodynamic type of a bioreactor (with hybrid hydrodynamics) is described, a moving bed–sequencing batch reactor (MB-SBR).
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) TERHADAP KADAR FERITIN PADA TIKUS WISTAR MODEL ANEMIA
Authors: Devi Rhisma Mutiara , Nuhriawangsa Adi Magna Patriadi , Rahardjo Setyo Sri
Published: November 2024

Anemia is a global health problem with the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age ranging from 27% to 32.8%. In Indonesia, the prevalence of anemia reached 48.9% in adolescent girls, and 46.9% in pregnant women. Iron deficiency is one of the main causes of anemia, which can be triggered by inadequate nutrient intake or problems with iron absorption in the body. Bay leaves powder/BLP (Syzygium polyanthum), which are rich in iron, have not been fully utilized in anemia treatment. The study aimed to analyze BLP administration on ferritin levels in female Wistar rats with anemia. Ferritin research with a Pre and Post Control Group experimental design was conducted at LPPT UGM and UPT UNS for 45 days (August–October 2023). Female white rats (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) aged 6 weeks with weight range of ±100–200 g were obtained from UD Wistar Yogyakarta. During acclimatization, they were given comfeed and AIN-93M diets without iron. Anemia in rats was induced by a low-iron diet for 15 days before treatment. BLP was administered for 28 days with different doses of bay leaf powder (3 dose groups) P1 18,6mg/200gr BB, P2 36 mg/200grBB, P3 55,6 mg/200grBB. Ferritin were obtained by taking blood from mice to obtain blood serum using the centrifuge method.  Group P3 (SDS 55.6mg/100BB), there was a significant change in ferritin during the treatment. The study concluded was an influence of administering SDS at a dose of 55.6 mg/100BB on changes in ferritin in the anemia rat model.
CKD Management in the Age of Telenephrology
Authors: Scherzer Zachary Albert , Astor Brad C. , Lesnik Dyan , Maursetter Laura
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Primary use of telenephrology in a hybrid system was associated with similar CKD progression outcomes as those seen primarily in-person.

A hybrid system incorporating predominant use of telenephrology may be noninferior to standard in-person care with regard to multiple CKD outcomes.

Background

Nephrology has seen an uptake in transition to remote care delivery. The effect of telenephrology care on CKD progression is not well defined.

Methods

We analyzed data from patients naturally selected for telenephrology versus standard in-person visits. Patients were seen across 4230 visits over a 2-year period at a nephrology clinic within the Veterans Affairs (VA) health system. Baseline characteristics and health profile data were assessed on the basis of grouping of individuals to the telenephrology group (>50% virtual visits) or in-person group (≤50% virtual visits). The slope of eGFR change over time was estimated for each patient using a random effects regression model and compared across groups using weighted linear regression models.

Results

A total of 1098 patients comprised the final analysis. The groups were similar across baseline demographics and health profiles, although more cardiovascular disease, congestive heart failure, and diabetes mellitus were present in the in-person group. There was no significant difference in eGFR decline between groups, although those in telenephrology group trended toward less steep decline compared with those seen predominately in-person (telenephrology slope versus in-person slope; difference=0.81 ml/min per 1.73 m2; 95% confidence interval, −0.447 to 2.08; P = 0.21). Those seen primarily in-person had a similar degree of proteinuria compared with those in telenephrology (P = 0.12). All-cause mortality and incidence of outpatient RRT initiation was similar. Telenephrology patients had an average of 1.3 fewer emergency department visits per individual compared with their in-person counterpart (2.17 versus 3.44, P < 0.001), as well as fewer hospital admissions (1.59 versus 2.08, P = 0.02). Those in the in-person group were more often prescribed sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and potassium supplements.

Conclusions

Data from this observational study within a VA health care system suggest that medically complex patients with multimorbid CKD can expect a similar rate of eGFR decline when care is delivered through a hybrid system that includes a majority of telenephrology when compared with those managed in face-to-face visits. Further studies are needed to corroborate findings and ensure generalizability outside of this VA system.
النظام الإجتماعي التقليدي كعائق أمام التغير الإجتماعي، قراءة في كتاب سليمان مظهر ''العنف الإجتماعي في الجزائر''
Authors: Boutadjine Adel
Published: November 2024

يقدم هذا المقال إعادة قراءة لكتاب البسيكو- سوسيولوجي الراحل سليمان مظهر (1943-2015): العنف الإجتماعي في الجزائر، المكتوب باللغة الفرنسية والمقدم للقراء والمهتمين في أربع طبعات كانت أولها سنة 1997 وآخرها سنة 2015. فبالرغم من تغير الكثير من المعطيات البسيكو-سوسيولوجية، السوسيو-ثقافية والسوسيو- إقتصادية فإن النظام الإجتماعي التقليدي الجزائري، الذي أكد مظهر أنه قائم على أشكال فيزيقية ورمزية للعنف، لا يزال قائما بالرغم من مظاهر الحداثة التي تميز المجتمع الجزائري اليوم.
يعد هذا المقال فرصة لتقديم هذا الكتاب للقارئين باللغة العربية، لِما يحمله من إمكانية ليكون شبكة قراءة لما يعيشه المجتمع الجزائري اليوم من ديناميكية نتيجة للوضع السياسي والإجتماعي والإقتصادي للبلد، بسبب ما يتضمنه هذا المؤلَّف من معطيات بسيكو-سوسيولوجية وسوسيولوجية وأنثروبولوجية إعتقد مظهر أنها تبين ترسخ ظاهرة العنف على إختلاف أشكالها في النظامين الإجتماعي التقليدي والسياسي الجزائري.
لقد خلُصنا في نهاية قراءتنا لهذا الكتاب إلى أن جل أشكال العنف الفيزيقي والرمزي للنظام الإجتماعي التقليدي السائد لا تزال قائمة بالرغم من وجود مظاهر للتغير في بعض النقاط المتناولة في هذا المؤلف، ولكننا بحاجة لتأكيد عمق تلك التغيرات. من جهة أخرى، تبدو المعطيات والتحليلات المقدمة في هذا العمل بحاجة لتحيين من خلال دراسات تمس الجهات الأربع للوطن وتكون الخطوات الميدانية لإجرائها واضحة ويسهل تعقبها على عكس تلك المقدمة من قبل مظهر.
تداعيات المضاربة بالعقار السكني: الجزائر أنموذجا
Authors: Slimani Sabah , Hamadi Hanan
Published: November 2024

تبحث أوراق هذا المقال والمندرجة ضمن أحد محاور مشروع بحثنا التكويني الجامعي (P.R.F.U)، في موضوع راهن غاية في الأهمية والتعقيد، ظلت دراسات السوسيولوجيا الحضرية في الجزائر تغفل الحديث عنه، ألا وهو موضوع المضاربة بالعقار السكني، والتي تحولت اليوم إلى ممارسة مترسخة في أسواق السكن، تلاقي بظلالها بشكل دائم ومباشر على شتى تعاملات الفاعلين، على ما يجره ذلك من تبعات وانعكاسات بالغة الأثر على الصعيدين الفردي والعام. ساعين من وراء ذلك، إلى محاولة التوصل إلى بلورة تشخيص دقيق لأهم التداعيات الناجمة عن اتساع نطاق هذا النوع من الممارسات، على المجالات الاقتصادية، الاجتماعية، المجالية والقانونية كذلك.
تطبيقات صحافة الموبايل (MOJO)في المجال السياحي
Authors: Said1 Abderrezzaq , Kermiche Bouchra
Published: November 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على تطبيقات صحافة الموبايل في المجال السياحي، من خلال توصيف نظري لنشأة صحافة الموبايل وتطورها وأهم مزاياها، بالإضافة إلى تبيان أهميتها بالنسبة للأفراد والصحفيين ودورها في الترويج السياحي.
توصلنا من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى أن بدايات صحافة الموبايل ارتبطت بظهور الهاتف الذكي وتطورت بفعل تطور خصائصه التقنية والفنية، وأتاحت تطبيقاتها سهولة للأفراد والصحفيين في الممارسة الصحفية، كما صارت تساهم في الترويج السياحي عبر انتاج ونشر وبث صور وفيديوهات ومنشورات سياحية باستخدام جهاز واحد وهو الهاتف الذكي.
الثقافة السياحية ودورها في ترقية القطاع السياحي بالجزائر –دراسة تحليلية-
Authors: Lekiket Asma
Published: November 2024

تعتبر الثقافة السياحية ركيزة أساسية وضرورية لتطوير صناعة السياحة، ويشكل الوعي بأهميتها دوراً هاماً في تحسين القطاع السياحي لذى المجتمع، ويكون ذلك من خلال بناء مجتمع يملك ثقافة سياحية من شأنها تحقيق نجاحات ومكاسب اقتصادية واجتماعية  تعود بالنفع على القطاع السياحي وعلى الأفراد. وانطلاقا من هذا فإن نجاح السياحة مرهون بسلوك المواطن تُجاه السائح وانطباعات هذا الأخير حول البلد المضيف .وهو ما يمثل دعاية وفرصة للجدب السياحي للبلد. وعليه، فإن الدراسة تهدف بالتركيز على فلسفة التنمية الثقافية في القطاع السياحي وضرورة التركيز على الثقافة السياحة كعامل  رئيسي في الدفع بالقطاع السياحي قُدما في الجزائر.  ومن أجل هذا سنحاول في الدراسة معرفة ما هو الدور الذي تلعبه الثقافة السياحية في النهوض بالقطاع السياحي وترقيته بالجزائر.
المثقّف العربي بين المشهود والمنشود حسب هشام شرابي
Authors: Karoui Said
Published: November 2024

لا يتحقّق التّرقّي والتّقدّم والنّهضة الفكريّة والثّقافيّة، وكلّ ما يرتبط بتأسيس الثّقافة إلّا بمعالجة الواقع الثّقافي عموما والعربي خصوصا. ويعتبر المجال الثّقافي حقلا حيويّا وجب دراسته، وتشخيص المعوّقات الّتي تطغى عليه، وإيجاد الحلول واقتراحها والتّنديد بها لبناء واقع منشود مستقرّ.
وبات وجوبا الخوض الدّائم والمستمرّ في الإحاطة بالشّأن الثّقافي من خلال الاهتمام بكلّ ما يتّصل به. ويعتبر هذا المقال المتواضع دراسة سوسيو-ثقافيّة لفكر هشام شرابي (1927- 2005م)، الّذي عاش في سياق اجتماعي وسياسي أليم، وعالج أدوار المثقّف العربي صلب الواقع العربي، وتطرّق لإمكانيّاته وأدواته من خلال نقدها وتفكيكها، والدّعوة إلى تجديدها لمواكبة متطلّبات الطّبقة الاجتماعيّة وتفعيلها في أرض الواقع.
برنامج تعليمي مبني وفق الاسلوب التبادلي وأثره في تنمية بعض المهارات الاساسية في الكرة الطائرة لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الثانوية
Authors: Barr Souhila , Fedel Kais
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر البرنامج التعليمي المقترح المبني وفق الأسلوب التبادلي في تنمية مهارة الارسال ومهارة الاستقبال من الارسال في الكرة الطائرة واعتمد الباحثان المنهج التجريبي لمناسبته طبيعة الموضوع على عينة مكونة من 60 تلميذ من تلاميذ المرحلة الثانوية مقسمين إلى مجموعتين ضابطة وتجريبية ذات القياس القبلي والبعدي، تم اختيارهم بشكل قصدي، كما اعتمد الباحثان على اختبار الارسال و الاستقبال من الارسال في الكرة الطائرة لجمع البيانات، وتمت معالجة البيانات احصائيا باستخدام برنامج الحزم الاحصائية spss22  لحساب معامل الثبات بيرسون والمتوسط الحسابي و الانحراف المعياري وقيم "ت" لدلالة الفروق، وتوصل الباحثان إلى فاعلية البرنامج التعليمي المقترح المبني وفق الأسلوب التبادلي واحداثه اثر في تنمية مهارة الارسال و الاستقبال من الارسال في الكرة الطائرة، وأوصى الباحثان بضرورة إدراج أساليب التدريس الحديثة خلال درس التربية البدنية والرياضية، كما أوصيا بضرورة إطلاع أساتذة التربية البدنية و الرياضية على المستجدات التي تطرأ على طرق وأساليب التدريس الحديثة.