bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Kontribusi Pengelolaan Laboratorium dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Terhadap Efektivitas Proses Pembelajaran Kimia di SMA Kota Jambi dan Muaro Jambi
Authors: Fuldiaratman  , Ngatijo
Published: August 2019

Laboratorium diperlukan sebagai tempat belajar untuk memberikan pengalaman nyata kepada siswa sebagai salah satu faktor pendukung pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Kegiatan laboratorium tidak hanya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman teoritis, tetapi siswa dapat menemukan dan membangun pengetahuan mereka sendiri. Penelitian ini menganalisis kontribusi manajemen laboratorium dan motivasi belajar siswa bersama-sama terhadap efektivitas proses pembelajaran kimia di SMA Kota Jambi dan Muara Jambi. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif terhadap tiga SMA Negeri dan satu SMA Swasta di Jambi dan Muaro Jambi dengan sampel 100 siswa. Instrumen berupa lembar observasi dan kuesioner dengan skala Likert. Teknik analisis korelasi yang digunakan adalah Korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian di tiga SMA Negeri dan satu SMA Swasta di Kota Jambi dan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Manajemen laboratorium tidak cukup baik; 2) Motivasi siswa kriteria baik; 3) Efektivitas proses pembelajaran kimia bukanlah kriteria yang baik; 4) Kontribusi manajemen laboratorium terhadap efektivitas proses pembelajaran menunjukkan tingkat kontribusi yang rendah; 5). Kontribusi motivasi belajar siswa terhadap efektivitas proses pembelajaran menunjukkan tingkat kontribusi yang tinggi; 6) Kontribusi manajemen laboratorium sains dan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap efektivitas proses pembelajaran menunjukkan tingkat kontribusi yang rendah.

 

Laboratories are needed as a place to learn to provide real experience to students as one of the supporting factors of learning implementation. Laboratory activities not only aim to improve theoretical understanding, but students can discover and build their own knowledge. This study analyzed the contribution of laboratory management and student learning motivation together to the effectiveness of chemistry learning process in SMA Kota Jambi and Muara Jambi. This research method is survey method with quantitative approach to 3 SMA Negeri and 1 Private High School in Jambi and Muaro Jambi with sample 100 students. Instruments in the form of observation sheets and questionnaires with Likert scale. Correlation analysis technique used is Personal Product Moment Correlation. Research results in 3 State Senior High School and 1 Private High School in Jambi City and Muaro Jambi Regency indicate that: 1) Laboratory management is not good enough; 2) Student motivation good criteria; 3) The effectiveness of chemical learning process is not good criteria; 4) The contribution of laboratory management to the effectiveness of the learning process shows a low contribution level; 5). The contribution of students' learning motivation to the effectiveness of the learning process shows a high contribution level; 6) The contribution of science laboratory management and students' learning motivation to the effectiveness of the learning process shows a low contribution level
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Berpengaruh Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Fisika Siswa di SMA Swasta Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Sakti Indra , Gultom Dameria
Published: August 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah analisis prestasi belajar siswa berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, yaitu (1) jenis kelamin, (2) durasi belajar di rumah, (3) metode belajar di rumah, (4) gaya belajar, (5) belajar, dan (6) motivasi belajar. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa sekolah menengah swasta SC Kota Bengkulu tahun akademik 2016/2017. Metode dalam penelitian ini ialah metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Tidak ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara jenis kelamin dengan prestasi belajar fisika siswa, rxy = 0,255 <rtabel = r 0,301. dengan nilai kontribusi 6,50%. (2) Tidak ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara lama belajar di rumah dengan prestasi belajar fisika siswa, rxy = 0,193 <rtabel = 0,301 dengan nilai kontribusi sebesar 3,7%. (3) Tidak ada korelasi positif dan signifikan antara metode belajar di rumah dengan prestasi belajar fisika siswa, rxy = 0,247  rtabel = 0,301 dengan nilai kontribusi sebesar 10,5%. (5) Ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara minat belajar dengan siswa, rxy = 0,339> rtable = 0,301 dengan nilai kontribusi 11,5%. (6) Ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara motivasi belajar dengan prestasi belajar fisika siswa, rxy = 0,312> rtabel = 0,301 dengan nilai kontribusi 9,8%.

 

The purpose of this study is the analysis of student achievement based on factors that influence it, namely (1) gender, (2) duration of home study, (3) home study methods, (4) learning style, (5) learning, and (6) learning motivation. The method of this research is descriptive method. The sample of this research is private high school students of SC Kota Bengkulu academic year 2016/2017. Data analysis techniques for. Technique. The results showed (1) There was no positive and significant correlation between gender with student physics learning achievement, rxy = 0,255 <rtabel = r 0,301. with a contribution value of 6.50%. (2) There is no positive and significant correlation between duration of study at home with student physics learning achievement, rxy = 0,193 <rtabel = 0,301 with contribution value equal to 3,7%. (3) There is no positive and significant correlation between home study method and student physics achievement, rxy = 0,247  rtabel = 0,301 with contribution value equal to 10,5%. (5) There is a positive and significant relationship between interest in learning with students, rxy = 0,339> rtabel = 0,301 with contribution value 11,5%. (6) There is a positive and significant correlation between learning motivation with student physics achievement, rxy = 0,312> rtabel = 0,301 with contribution value 9.8%.
Analisis Uji Validitas dan Praktikalitas Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Berbasis Virtual Laboratory untuk Mata Pelajaran Fisika SMA
Authors: Masril  , Hidayati  , Yenni Darvina
Published: August 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan nilai validitas dan praktikalitas lembar kerja siswa (LKS) virtual laboratory. Virtual laboratory (virtual lab) merupakan salah satu proses pembelajaran berbasis computer yang dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi alternatif pembelajaran dengan metode praktikum. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian pengembangan model 4D dengan tahap definisi, perancangan, pengembangan, dan diseminasi. Untuk menguji validitas dan praktikalitas LKS dilakukan melalui instrument berupa angket yang diberikan pada ahli dan praktisi. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk uji validitas adalah 87.02 dengan kategori sangat baik, dan hasil uji kepraktisan adalah 88.25 dengan kategori sangat baik. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian adalah desain LKS virtual laboratory yang dirancang sudah bisa digunakan untuk kegiatan praktikum di SMA.

 

The purpose of this study was to determine the value of validity and practicality of virtual laboratory student worksheet. Virtual laboratory was a process of computer based learning that can be used as an alternative solution for experimental learning. The type of research was research and development which using 4D model. It was consisted of four steps. It was definition, design, development, and dissemination. Instrument of validity and practicality was questionnaire given to experts and practitioners. The result of validity was 87.02 with very good category, and the result of practicality was 88.25 in very good category. The conclusion of the research was virtual laboratory student worksheet can be used for experimental activity in senior high school.
Efektivitas Aplikasi Quanta Monitor dalam Mengukur Radiasi Smartphone Mahasiswa FKIP Fisika Unsyiah
Authors: Nurulwati  , Silvia Ria Merisca
Published: August 2019

Smartphone memancarkan gelombang radiasi yang berbahaya bagi tubuh manusia.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besar Radiasi Gelombang Elektromagnetik smartphone yang ada di sekitar kita, guna mengantisipasi efek radiasi jangka panjang.Subjek penelitian ini adalah smartphone yang digunakan oleh 10 orang mahasiswa.Objek penelitian ini adalah besarnya radiasi masing-masing smartphone. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengukuran radiasi diukur dengan aplikasi quanta monitor yang telah terinstall di smartphone masing-masing sampel. Data diambil yaitu pada saat smartphone berada dalam keadaan standby. Hasil data yang ada dibandingkan dengan nilai standar FCC Amerika yaitu berkisar < 1.6 watt/Kg. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 9 dari 10 sampel aman ketika berada di keadaan stanby . Namun saat pengguna mulai menggunakan internet maka radiassi akan meningkat dan membahayakan. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah besar radiasi yang dipancarkan oleh smartphone bergantung pada keaktifan pengguna smartphone dalam menggunakan internet.Saran yang dapat diberikan oleh penulis ialah pengguna Smartphone sebaiknya memeatikan paket data yang dimiliki, ketika smartphone sedang tidak digunakan.

 

Smartphone emitted radiation that is danger for human’s body. The purpose of this study was to determine the major smartphone Electromagnetic Waves Radiation is all around us, in order to anticipate the long-term radiation effects. The subjects were smartphones used by 10 students. The object of this study is the amount of radiation each smartphone. This study using cross sectional approach. Measurement of radiation measured by quanta monitor applications that have been installed on the smartphone each sample. Data taken is when the smartphone is in standby mode. The results of the data that is compared with the American FCC standards which ranges from <1.6 watts / kg. Results from this study is 9 out of 10 samples safe when you're in a state of standby. However, when users start using the internet will increase and endanger radiation. The conclusion of this study is the radiation emitted by smartphones depend on the activity of smartphone users in using the Internet. Advice can be given by the author is the Smartphone users should turn off owned data packets, while the smartphone is not in use.
Atractivos paisajísticos y dispersión residencial de grupos de altos ingresos ¿Una nueva élite de consumidores experienciales? Caso Gran La Serena y Gran Concepción, Chile, 1965 -2012
Authors: Napadensky Pastene Aaron , Orellana McBride Alejandro
Published: August 2019

Históricamente, las élites emergentes han buscado residir en sectores tradicionales y reconocidos por quienes detentan altos ingresos, como parte de la construcción de su identidad y expresión de su posición social. Actualmente, nuevos enclaves fuera de las áreas de alta renta consolidadas expresan la predilección de las élites por los atractivos paisajísticos y la búsqueda de un bienestar experiencial, tanto o más valorado que la función de prestigio; síntoma, según este trabajo, de una renovada concepción del territorio, sensitiva y lúdica. Se analizan dos casos de estudio: el Gran La Serena y el Gran Concepción, ambos en Chile. A través de cartografías elaboradas sobre la base de datos censales y otras fuentes, se evalúan los patrones de localización de los grupos socioeconómicos altos y su relación con los atractivos paisajísticos del territorio. Los resultados exponen, en los dos casos, paralelismos notables entre ambas variables.
Produksi Biofuel Dari Limbah Cpo Dengan Katalis Berbasis Titanium Oksida Dan Implementasinya Pada Pembelajaran Kimia
Authors: Latifah Nurlia , Sundaryono Agus , Elvia Rina
Published: August 2019

Conversion of CPO waste into biofuel is one of the efforts to find alternative energy to overcome Indonesia's energy crisis. The resulting methyl ester was further processed into biofuel by cracking process with Ni/TiO2 and Co/TiO2 catalysts at temperature > 350oC for 2.5 hours followed by distillation. Educational research was done by doing the learning process by using biofuel module. The optimum biofuel yield was obtained from cracking methyl ester with 5% Ni/TiO2 catalyst and 3% Co/TiO2 catalyst respectively of 66,67 and 61,90%. The physical and chemical properties of cracked biofuels with Ni/TiO2 and Co/ TiO2 catalysts have complied with ASTM standards for biofuel except acid numbers. There is an increase in student learning outcomes before and after using the module.
Inovasi Sistem Stack Microbial Fuel Cell menggunakan Substrat Limbah Rumen Sapi serta Implementasinya sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Novarina Diya , Swistoro Eko , Firdaus M. Lutfi , Medriati Rosane
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT[Innovation of microbial fuel cell stack system using cow rumen waste substrate and its implementation as a learning media]. The aims of this study are to: 1) describe the difference of Electric Motion (GGL), 2) describe the difference of electric power per unit area of the anode (Pa) which is produced between the series design MFC type series, parallel, mixed type 1 and mixed type 2, and 3) describe the significant difference of learning outcomes between the PBL learning model using MFC media with PBL learning model by using the electrical kit medium on dynamic electrical concept in SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Bengkulu. The free variable of this research are MFC stack system design (series, parallel, mixed types 1 and 2) and the dependent variable is GGL and electric power per unit of anode surface area. The results are obtained difference GGL and Pa between series design, parallel, mixed types 1 and 2 by comparison are 3: 1: 1,5: 2 whereas Pa ratio is 1: 10: 6: 2 with maximum GGL is obtained in series design of 3,29 V and Pa maximum in parallel circuit 21,76 mW / m2. Implementation of MFC series as a learning media used Problem Based Learning model on physics learning Implementation of MFC circuit with research design using one group pretest-posttest design. The testing of hypothesis with t-test shows tcount 2.739> ttable 2,001 and 95% significant level so it can be concluded there are significant differences in learning outcomes of PBL learning model by using MFC media with PBL learning model by using media Electric Kit on dynamic electrical concept in SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Bengkulu. Keywords: Stack Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Sistem; Rumen Cow Liquid Waste; Learning Media.
Standardisasi Laboratorium IPA SMPN 3 Sumenep
Authors: Meita Nisfil Maghfiroh
Published: August 2019

AbstraCT[Standardization of science laboratory at SMPN 3 Sumenep]. Schools must have laboratory infrastructure in addition to other educational equipment and tools. Therefore, students can construct thinking from the concrete towards abstract thinking. To get a good laboratory, a standardized laboratory is needed in accordance with national education standards in Indonesia, especially standard facilities and infrastructure. The objectives of this research were to describe 1) the science laboratory equipment of SMPN 3 Sumenep; 2) science laboratory management of SMPN 3 Sumenep; and 3) suitability of the standardization of the science laboratory of SMPN 3 Sumenep with Indonesian government regulation of PERMEN No. 24,  2007. The subject of the research is SMPN 3 Sumenep. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation, and document scrutiny. The instrument used was an observation instrument with a Guttman scale. Data validity test is done by triangulating data sources. Data were analyzed using models from Miles and Huberman with the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that 1) Science laboratory equipment at Sumenep Junior High School 3 had a percentage of 86.34% with good / ideal criteria and in accordance with the standardization of PERMEN No. 24 of 2007; 2) Management of science labs at Sumenep Junior High School 3; and 3) Science Laboratory of SMPN 3 Sumenep is a good / ideal laboratory for SMP Science Laboratory and has fulfilled standardization based on PERMEN No. 24 of 2007.  Keywords: Standardization; Science Laboratory; Indonesian government regulation.
Pengembangan Modul KOBA dengan Model 4-D untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Mahasiswa
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Sundaryono Agus , Nurhamidah Nurhamidah
Published: August 2019

Abstract[Module Development of KOBA with 4-D Model to Improve Students' Creative Thinking Skills]. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of quality of the modules developed and the ability of creative thinking of students in KOBA courses. Module development is done by 4D model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The quality of the module can be identified through validation tests with education expert lecturers and chemists. The ability to think creatively is measured using description questions based on indicators of creative thinking, namely fluency, flexibility, and elaboration. Measurement is done by comparing the results of the pretest and posttest. Next the results were tested for normality and homogeneity. Then hypothesis testing is carried out. Based on validation tests by expert lecturers, the modules that have been compiled are known to have good module quality levels. The average pretest and posttest scores were 56.046 and 72.549 respectively. After testing for normality, homogeneity and hypothesis testing, it was concluded that there was an increase in students' creative thinking skills in KOBA courses using modules.Keywords: Modules; Creative Thinking; 4D Model; Pretest; Posttest.(Received November 19, 2018; Accepted April 15, 2019; Published June 18, 2019)AbstrakTujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kualitas modul yang dikembangkan dan kemampuan berfikir kreatif mahasiswa pada mata kuliah KOBA. Pengembangan modul dilakukan dengan model 4D yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Kualitas modul dapat diketahui melalui uji validasi dengan dosen ahli pendidikan dan ahli kimia. Kemampuan berpikir kreatif diukur menggunakan soal uraian berdasarkan indikator berpikir kreatif yaitu fluency, flexibility, dan elaboration. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan membandingan hasil pretest dan posttest. Berikutnya hasil tersebut diuji normalitas dan homogenitasnya. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji hipotesis. Berdasarkan uji validasi oleh dosen ahli, modul yang telah disusun diketahui memiliki tingkat kualitas modul yang baik. Rata-rata nilai pretest dan posttest masing-masing adalah 56,046 dan 72,549. Setelah uji normalitas, homogenitas dan uji hipotesis, maka diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa pada mata kuliah KOBA dengan menggunakan modul. Kata kunci: Modul; Berpikir Kreatif; Model 4D; Pretest; Posttest.
Conductivity of quantum dot arrays
Authors: Reich K V
Published: August 2019

Arrays of quantum dots (QDs), i.e., semiconducting nanoparticles with typical sizes of 3–10 nm, have become more than merely an object of scientific research; they are now used in electronic devices. They are appealing mainly due to their optical properties, which depend on the QD size. Here, we consider the electronic properties of such arrays. These properties typically inherit the properties of bulk semiconductors, but in some cases can be substantially different due to the discreteness of sizes and a particular type of disorder in the array: the difference in size and spacing among QDs, as well as the number of donors. Notably, in such arrays, the metal–dielectric transition occurs at a much higher concentration of donors than in the bulk material. The nature of hopping conductivity in the dielectric phase strongly depends on the disorder type, quantum confinement effects, the Coulomb blockade, and the overlap integral of QDs.
A FEAST Algorithm for the Linear Response Eigenvalue Problem
Authors: Teng Zhongming , Lu Linzhang
Published: August 2019

In the linear response eigenvalue problem arising from quantum chemistry and physics, one needs to compute several positive eigenvalues together with the corresponding eigenvectors. For such a task, in this paper, we present a FEAST algorithm based on complex contour integration for the linear response eigenvalue problem. By simply dividing the spectrum into a collection of disjoint regions, the algorithm is able to parallelize the process of solving the linear response eigenvalue problem. The associated convergence results are established to reveal the accuracy of the approximated eigenspace. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
Variance of Zein Protein and Starch Granule Morphology between Corn and Steam Flaked Products Determined Starch Ruminal Degradability Through Altering Starch Hydrolyzing Bacteria Attachment
Authors: Xu NingNing , Wang DiMing , Liu JianXin
Published: August 2019

The current study investigated differences of γ-zein protein contents and starch granule characteristics between raw and steam flaked corns and their influences on ruminal starch hydrolyzing bacteria (SHB) attached to corn grain. Two types of raw (Corn1 and Corn2) and their steam-flaked products (SFCorn1 and SFCorn2) were applied to explore physiochemical structures and SHB attachment. SDS-PAGE was conducted to detect γ-zein protein patterns, scanning electron microscope, and small angle X-ray scattering were performed to obtain starch granule morphology, while crystallinity, DQ starch, and DAPI staining were applied to quantify SHB. The steam flaking process destroyed γ-zein proteins and gelatinized starch granules. The median particle size of Corn1 and Corn2 starch granules increased from 17.8 and 18.0 μm to 30.8 and 26.0 μm, but crystallinity decreased from 22.0 and 25.0% to 9.9 and 16.9%, respectively. The percentage of SHB attached to Corn1 residues decreased (p = 0.01) after 4 h incubation, but SHB attached to SFCorn1 residues increased (p = 0.03) after 12 h incubation. Thus, the differences of γ-zein proteins and starch granule physiochemical structures between raw and steam flaked corn played an important role in improving the rate and extent of starch ruminal degradation through altering the process of SHB attached to corn.
Quality and Consumer Acceptance of Meat from Rabbits Fed Diets in Which Soybean Oil is Replaced with Black Soldier Fly and Yellow Mealworm Fats
Authors: Gasco Laura , Dabbou Sihem , Gai Francesco , Brugiapaglia Alberto , Schiavone Achille , Birolo Marco , Xiccato Gerolamo , Trocino Angela
Published: August 2019

This trial investigated the effect of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens (H) and Tenebrio molitor (T) fats as alternative lipid sources for growing rabbits, and assessed the carcass characteristics; proximate composition; lipid peroxidation, and fatty acid profile of the meat, as well as consumer acceptance. At weaning, 200 crossbred rabbits (1051 ± 138 g initial body weight) were allotted to five isolipidic (4% dry matter (DM)) dietary treatments: a control diet (C) containing 1.5% of soybean oil, and four experimental diets in which soybean oil was partially (50%) or totally (100%) substituted by H (H50 and H100) or T (T50 and T100) fats. The carcass characteristics, the meat quality traits, and the consumer acceptance of the cooked meat were not affected. The fat content of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle of the rabbits was 1.1% on average. In the case of rabbit fed the H diets (average of diets H50 and H100), the same muscles revealed a higher saturated fatty acid proportion (47.1% vs. 39.7% and 40.8%, respectively) and a lower polyunsaturated fatty acid proportion than the rabbits fed the C and T diets (average of diets T50 and T100) (26.5% vs. 31.7% and 29.7%) (p < 0.001). The meat of the rabbits fed the diets containing insect fat (average for H and T diets) was less susceptible to oxidation (0.24 vs. 0.39 mg malondialdehyde/kg meat in the C group; p < 0.01).
Erratum: Nagasawa, K. et al. Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis throughout the Reproductive Cycle. Animals 2019, 9(5), 277
Authors: Nagasawa Kazue , Thitiphuree Tongchai , Osada Makoto
Published: August 2019

In the published article, “Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis throughout the Reproductive Cycle. [...]
Isokinetic Strength in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Reliability Study
Authors: Collado-Mateo Daniel , Dominguez-Muñoz Francisco Javier , Charrua Zelinda , Adsuar José Carmelo , Batalha Nuno , Merellano-Navarro Eugenio , Raimundo Armando Manuel
Published: August 2019

Although there are studies assessing the effects of interventions on the knee strength of patients undergoing dialysis, there are no previous studies investigating the test–retest reliability of isokinetic measures in people undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The objective of this study was to determine the relative and absolute reliability of peak torque and work measurements for isokinetic concentric knee and elbow extension and flexion in peritoneal dialysis patients. Thirty-one patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (19 males) participated in the current study. All isokinetic tests were performed using a Biodex System 3. Participants performed three concentric repetitions of each test (flexion or extension) with the dominant limb (knee and elbow) at 60°/s. Peak torque (Nm) and work (J) were extracted. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and smallest real difference (SRD) were calculated. The results showed that all knee peak torque and work measures had an ICC of >0.90. On the other hand, the ICC for peak torque and work in the elbow concentric extension was <0.90, while the remaining elbow-related variables achieved an excellent reliability. Therefore, isokinetic dynamometry is a reliable technique to evaluate peak torque and work for concentric flexion and extension in both the knee and elbow joints in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Predicting Heating and Cooling Loads in Energy-Efficient Buildings Using Two Hybrid Intelligent Models
Authors: Tien Bui Dieu , Moayedi Hossein , Anastasios Dounis , Kok Foong Loke
Published: August 2019

Today, energy conservation is more and more stressed as great amounts of energy are being consumed for varying applications. This study aimed to evaluate the application of two robust evolutionary algorithms, namely genetic algorithm (GA) and imperialist competition algorithm (ICA) for optimizing the weights and biases of the artificial neural network (ANN) in the estimation of heating load (HL) and cooling load (CL) of the energy-efficient residential buildings. To this end, a proper dataset was provided composed of relative compactness, surface area, wall area, roof area, overall height, orientation, glazing area, glazing area distribution, as the HL and CL influential factors. The optimal structure of each model was achieved through a trial and error process and to evaluate the accuracy of the designed networks, we used three well-known accuracy criterions. As the result of applying GA and ICA, the performance error of ANN decreased respectively by 17.92% and 23.22% for the HL, and 21.13% and 24.53% for CL in the training phase, and 20.84% and 23.74% for HL, and 27.57% and 29.10% for CL in the testing phase. The mentioned results demonstrate the superiority of the ICA-ANN model compared to GA-ANN and ANN.
Design of Three Phase Solid State Transformer Deployed within Multi-Stage Power Switching Converters
Authors: Tahir Umair , Abbas Ghulam , Glavan Dan , Balas Valentina , Farooq Umar , Balas Marius , Raza Ali , Asad Muhammad , Gu Jason
Published: August 2019

This paper presents a symmetrical topology for the design of solid-state transformer; made up of power switching converters; to replace conventional bulky transformers. The proposed circuitry not only reduces the overall size but also provides power flow control with the ability to be interfaced with renewable energy resources (RESs) to fulfill the future grid requirements at consumer end. The proposed solid-state transformer provides bidirectional power flow with variable voltage and frequency operation and has the ability to maintain unity power factor; and total harmonic distortion (THD) of current for any type of load within defined limits of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard. Solid state transformer offers much smaller size compared to the conventional iron core transformer. MATLAB/Simulink platform is adopted to test the validity of the proposed circuit for different scenarios by providing the simulation results evaluated at 25 kHz switching frequency.
Apium Plants: Beyond Simple Food and Phytopharmacological Applications
Authors: Salehi Bahare , Venditti Alessandro , Frezza Claudio , Yücetepe Aysun , Altuntaş Ümit , Uluata Sibel , Butnariu Monica , Sarac Ioan , Shaheen Shabnum , A. Petropoulos Spyridon , R. Matthews Karl , Sibel Kılıç Ceyda , Atanassova Maria , Oluwaseun Adetunji Charles , Oluwaseun Ademiluyi Adedayo , Özçelik Beraat , Valere Tsouh Fokou Patrick , Martins Natália , C. Cho William , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: August 2019

Apium plants belong to the Apiaceae family and are included among plants that have been in use in traditional medicine for thousands of years worldwide, including in the Mediterranean, as well as the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Some highlighted medical benefits include prevention of coronary and vascular diseases. Their phytochemical constituents consist of bergapten, flavonoids, glycosides, furanocoumarins, furocoumarin, limonene, psoralen, xanthotoxin, and selinene. Some of their pharmacological properties include anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, nematocidal, anti-rheumatism, antiasthma, anti-bronchitis, hepatoprotective, appetizer, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, breast milk inducer, anti-jaundice, antihypertensive, anti-dysmenorrhea, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and spermatogenesis induction. The present review summarizes data on ecology, botany, cultivation, habitat, medicinal use, phytochemical composition, preclinical and clinical pharmacological efficacy of Apium plants and provides future direction on how to take full advantage of Apium plants for the optimal benefit to mankind.
Chromium (VI) Adsorption on Modified Activated Carbons
Authors: Puszkarewicz Alicja , Kaleta Jadwiga
Published: August 2019

The paper presents the research of adsorptive properties of activated carbons to chromium (VI) removal from the water solution. Different types of carbon were investigated: WD-ekstra (WDA), WD-ekstra modified by salt acid WD(HCl) and nitrogen acid WD(HNO3). The adsorption kinetics, influence reaction, temperature and kind of carbon were determined using static methods. The adsorption of chromium (VI) onto all activated carbons was most efficient at pH 2. The time of adsorption balance for carbon WD(HCl) was 2.5 h and for carbon WDA 4.5 h. The influence of carbon modification and temperature on the effectiveness of adsorption of hexavalent chromium was determined on the basis of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The research showed that the adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) increased with the increasing temperature of the solution. The most efficient adsorbent in static conditions was found on WD-ekstra modified by HCl. The adsorbent applied in dynamic conditions as the filtration bed (v = 2 m/h, time of retention TR = 420 s, initial concentration C0 = 1 mg/dm3), it removed chromium (VI) from water very effectively. Adsorption capacities after exhaustion of the bed were obtained at PeWD (HCl) = 4.35 mg/g. On the basis of executed research, chromium ions were successfully eliminated onto modified carbon WD(HCl) that makes its employment capabilities in the systems purification of water.
Methodology for Estimating the Lifelong Exposure to PM2.5 and NO2—The Application to European Population Subgroups
Authors: Li Naixin , Friedrich Rainer
Published: August 2019

Health impacts of air pollutants, especially fine particles (PM2.5) and NO2, have been documented worldwide by epidemiological studies. Most of the existing studies utilised the concentration measured at the ambient stations to represent the pollutant inhaled by individuals. However, these measurement data are in fact not able to reflect the real concentration a person is exposed to since people spend most of their time indoors and are also affected by indoor sources. The authors developed a probabilistic methodology framework to simulate the lifelong exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 simultaneously for population subgroups that are characterised by a number of indicators such as age, gender and socio-economic status. The methodology framework incorporates the methods for simulating the long-term outdoor air quality, the pollutant concentration in different micro-environments, the time-activity pattern of population subgroups and the retrospective life course trajectories. This approach was applied to the population in the EU27 countries plus Norway and Switzerland and validated with the measurement data from European multi-centre study, EXPOLIS. Results show that the annual average exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 at European level kept increasing from the 1950s to a peak between the 1980s and the 1990s and showed a decrease until 2015 due to the implementation of a series of directives. It is also revealed that the exposure to both pollutants was affected by geographical location, gender and income level. The average annual exposure over the lifetime of an 80-year-old European to PM2.5 and NO2 amounted to 23.86 (95% CI: 2.95–81.86) and 13.49 (95% CI: 1.36–43.84) µg/m3. The application of this methodology provides valuable insights and novel tools for exposure modelling and environmental studies.
Beyond the Scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Direct Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Reducing Fatty Acids Content in an In Vitro Model of Hepatocellular Steatosis
Authors: Parra-Robert Marina , Casals Eudald , Massana Nuria , Zeng Muling , Perramón Meritxell , Fernández-Varo Guillermo , Morales-Ruiz Manuel , Puntes Víctor , Jiménez Wladimiro , Casals Gregori
Published: August 2019

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic accumulation of lipids. Antisteatotic effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have recently been shown in animal models of liver disease. However, it is unclear whether the activity of CeO2NPs is related solely to the decrease in oxidative stress or, in addition, they directly decrease liver fatty acid accumulation. To address this question, in this work, we used an in vitro model of hepatocellular steatosis, exposing HepG2 cells to oleic and palmitic acid. Cell uptake of CeO2NPs and their effect on oxidative stress and viability of hepatic cells cultured with H2O2 were also evaluated. Results show that CeO2NPs were uptaken by HepG2 cells and reduced oxidative stress and improved cell viability. Treatment with oleic and palmitic acid increased lipogenesis and the content of different fatty acids. CeO2NPs reduced palmitic and stearic acid and most fatty acids consisting of more than 18 carbon atoms. These effects were associated with significant changes in elongase and desaturase activity. In conclusion, CeO2NPs directly protected HepG2 cells from cell injury in oxidative stress conditions and reduced fatty acid content in steatotic conditions by inducing specific changes in fatty acid metabolism, thus showing potential in the treatment of NAFLD.
CO2 Concentration and Occupants’ Symptoms in Naturally Ventilated Schools in Mediterranean Climate
Authors: Fernández-Agüera Jesica , Campano Miguel Ángel , Domínguez-Amarillo Samuel , Acosta Ignacio , Sendra Juan José
Published: August 2019

A large part of the school building stock in Andalusia lacks ventilation facilities, so that the air renewal of the classrooms is achieved through the building envelope (air infiltration) or the opening of windows. This research analyses the airtightness of the classrooms in Andalusia and the evolution of CO2 concentration during school hours through in situ monitoring. Pressurization and depressurization tests were performed in 42 classrooms and CO2 concentration was measured in two different periods, winter and midseason, to study the impact of the different levels of aperture of windows. About 917 students (11–17 years of age) were surveyed on symptoms and effects on their health. The mean n50 values are about 7 h−1, whereas the average CO2 concentration values are about 1878 ppm, with 42% of the case studies displaying concentrations above 2000 ppm with windows closed.
Determination of the Optimal Order of Grey-Box Models for Short-Time Prediction of Buildings’ Thermal Behavior
Authors: Attoue Nivine , Shahrour Isam , Mroueh Hussein , Younes Rafic
Published: August 2019

The use of grey-box models for short-time forecasting of buildings’ thermal behavior requires the determination of the models’ order since this order could influence the grey-box models’ performance. This paper presents an analysis of the optimal order of these models for different thermal conditions. The novelty of this work consists of considering the influence of the heating conditions on the determination of the performances of grey-box models. The analysis is based on experimental tests that were conducted in a room with different thermal conditions, related to the variation of the heating power. Experimental results were used for the determination of the optimal grey-box models’ order that minimizes the gap between the experimental results and the grey-box forecasting. Results show that the optimal grey-box models’ order depends on the buildings’ thermal conditions, but generally lies between two and three with an error less than 0.2 °C and a fit percent greater than 90%.
Skeletal Metastases of Unknown Primary: Biological Landscape and Clinical Overview
Authors: Argentiero Antonella , Solimando Antonio Giovanni , Brunetti Oronzo , Calabrese Angela , Pantano Francesco , Iuliani Michele , Santini Daniele , Silvestris Nicola , Vacca Angelo
Published: August 2019

Skeletal metastases of unknown primary (SMUP) represent a clinical challenge in dealing with patients diagnosed with bone metastases. Management of these patients has improved significantly in the past few years. however, it is fraught with a lack of evidence. While some patients have achieved impressive gains, a more systematic and tailored treatment is required. Nevertheless, in real-life practice, the outlook at the beginning of treatment for SMUP is decidedly somber. An incomplete translational relevance of pathological and clinical data on the mortality and morbidity rate has had unsatisfactory consequences for SMUP patients and their physicians. We examined several approaches to confront the available evidence; three key points emerged. The characterization of the SMUP biological profile is essential to driving clinical decisions by integrating genetic and molecular profiles into a multi-step diagnostic work-up. Nonetheless, a pragmatic investigation plan and therapy of SMUP cannot follow a single template; it must be adapted to different pathophysiological dynamics and coordinated with efforts of a systematic algorithm and high-quality data derived from statistically powered clinical trials. The discussion in this review points out that greater efforts are required to face the unmet needs present in SMUP patients in oncology.
Enzyme Immobilization for Solid-Phase Catalysis
Authors: Fang Yi , Zhang Aihua , Li Shaohua , Sproviero Michael , Xu Ming-Qun
Published: August 2019

The covalent immobilization of an enzyme to a solid support can broaden its applicability in various workflows. Immobilized enzymes facilitate catalyst re-use, adaptability to automation or high-throughput applications and removal of the enzyme without heat inactivation or reaction purification. In this report, we demonstrate a step-by-step procedure to carry out the bio-orthogonal immobilization of DNA modifying enzymes employing the self-labelling activity of the SNAP-tag to covalently conjugate the enzyme of interest to the solid support. We also demonstrate how modifying the surface functionality of the support can improve the activity of the immobilized enzyme. Finally, the utility of immobilized DNA-modifying enzymes is depicted through sequential processing of genomic DNA libraries for Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS), resulting in improved read coverage across AT-rich sequences.
Nutritional Stress in Head and Neck Cancer Originating Cell Lines: The Sensitivity of the NRF2-NQO1 Axis
Authors: Milković Lidija , Tomljanović Marko , Čipak Gašparović Ana , Novak Kujundžić Renata , Šimunić Dina , Konjevoda Paško , Mojzeš Anamarija , Đaković Nikola , Žarković Neven , Gall Trošelj Koraljka
Published: August 2019

Nutritional stress disturbs the cellular redox-status, which is characterized by the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The NRF2-NQO1 axis represents a protective mechanism against ROS. Its strength is cell type-specific. FaDu, Cal 27 and Detroit 562 cells differ with respect to basal NQO1 activity. These cells were grown for 48 hours in nutritional conditions (NC): (a) Low glucose–NC2, (b) no glucose, no glutamine–NC3, (c) no glucose with glutamine–NC4. After determining the viability, proliferation and ROS generation, NC2 and NC3 were chosen for further exploration. These conditions were also applied to IMR-90 fibroblasts. The transcripts/transcript variants of NRF2 and NQO1 were quantified and transcript variants were characterized. The proteins (NRF2, NQO1 and TP53) were analyzed by a western blot in both cellular fractions. Under NC2, the NRF2-NQO1 axis did not appear activated in the cancer cell lines. Under NC3, the NRF2-NQO1axis appeared slightly activated in Detroit 562. There are opposite trends with respect to TP53 nuclear signal when comparing Cal 27 and Detroit 562 to FaDu, under NC2 and NC3. The strong activation of the NRF2-NQO1 axis in IMR-90 resulted in an increased expression of catalytically deficient NQO1, due to NQO1*2/*2 polymorphism (rs1800566). The presented results call for a comprehensive exploration of the stress response in complex biological systems.
Protein S100-A7 Derived from Digested Dentin Is a Critical Molecule for Dentin Pulp Regeneration
Authors: Komichi Shungo , Takahashi Yusuke , Okamoto Motoki , Ali Manahil , Watanabe Masakatsu , Huang Hailing , Nakai Takeo , Cooper Paul , Hayashi Mikako
Published: August 2019

Dentin consists of inorganic hard tissue and organic dentin matrix components (DMCs). Various kinds of bioactive molecules are included in DMCs and some of them can be released after digestion by endogenous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the caries region. Digested DMCs induced by MMP20 have been reported to promote pulpal wound healing processes, but the released critical molecules responsible for this phenomenon are unclear. Here, we identified protein S100-A7 as a critical molecule for pulpal healing in digested DMCs by comprehensive proteomic approaches and following pulp capping experiments in rat molars. In addition, immunohistochemical results indicated the specific distribution of S100-A7 and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) as receptor for S100-A7 in the early stage of the pulpal healing process, and following accumulation of CD146-positive stem cells in wounded pulp. Our findings indicate that protein S100-A7 released from dentin by MMP20 might play a key role in dentin pulp regeneration.
The miRFIB-Score: A Serological miRNA-Based Scoring Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Significant Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Lambrecht Joeri , Verhulst Stefaan , Reynaert Hendrik , van Grunsven Leo A.
Published: August 2019

Background: The current diagnosis of early-stage liver fibrosis often relies on a serological or imaging-based evaluation of the stage of fibrosis, sometimes followed by an invasive liver biopsy procedure. Novel non-invasive experimental diagnostic tools are often based on markers of hepatocyte damage, or changes in liver stiffness and architecture, which are late-stage characteristics of fibrosis progression, making them unsuitable for the diagnosis of early-stage liver fibrosis. miRNAs control hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and are proposed as relevant diagnostic markers. Methods: We investigated the possibility of circulating miRNAs, which we found to be dysregulated upon HSC activation, to mark the presence of significant liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2) in patients with chronic alcohol abuse, chronic viral infection (HBV/HCV), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Results: miRNA-profiling identified miRNA-451a, miRNA-142-5p, Let-7f-5p, and miRNA-378a-3p to be significantly dysregulated upon in vitro HSC activation, and to be highly enriched in their extracellular vesicles, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers. Analysis of the plasma of patients with significant liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2) and no or mild fibrosis (F = 0–1), using miRNA-122-5p and miRNA-29a-3p as positive control, found miRNA-451a, miRNA-142-5p, and Let-7f-5p, but not miRNA-378a-3p, able to distinguish between the two patient populations. Using logistic regression analysis, combining all five dysregulated circulating miRNAs, we created the miRFIB-score with a predictive value superior to the clinical scores Fibrosis-4 (Fib-4), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio, and AST to platelet ratio index (APRI). The combination of the miRFIB-score with circulating PDGFRβ-levels further increased the predictive capacity for the diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis. Conclusions: The miRFIB- and miRFIBp-scores are accurate tools for the diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis in a heterogeneous patient population.
The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Ahmadkhaniha Donya , Zanella Caterina
Published: August 2019

In this study, electrodeposition of NiP composite coatings with the addition of SiC 100 nm was carried out on low carbon steel studying the effect of additives (sodium dodecyl sulfate, saccharin), particles load (10 or 20 g/L) and current density (1, 2 and 4 A/dm2). As a benchmark, coatings from an additive-free bath were also deposited, despite additives being essential for a good quality of the coatings. The coating’s morphology and composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that by addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), pure NiP coating with a higher P content was achieved, and their morphology changed to nodular. SDS also reduced the codeposited fraction of SiC particles, while saccharin increased it. SiC loading and current density had less impact respect to the additives on codeposition of SiC particles. Finally, the microhardness of NiP coatings did not increase linearly by codeposition of SiC particles.