bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZING COMMUNICATION IN OPERATING THEATERS: APPLICATIONS OF PSYCHOLINGUISTICS IN THE EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION OF MESSAGES
Authors: BAKHAYA Irina ,   “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Police Academy Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2024

Efficient communication in surgical theatres is essential for guaranteeing patient safety and achieving positive surgical results. The intricate and time-critical nature of procedures in the operating room necessitates the efficient transmission of messages among members of the surgical team. Utilizing ideas derived from psycholinguistics can offer useful insights into the utilization of language in healthcare environments and aid in the optimization of communication tactics. Healthcare practitioners can optimize mutual understanding and minimize errors by adapting their communication methods based on their knowledge of how language impacts cognitive functions, such as attention and memory. Adopting this interdisciplinary approach can result in enhanced collaboration, heightened productivity, and ultimately superior quality of care for patients. This essay aims to investigate the possible advantages of employing psycholinguistics to examine and improve communication patterns in operating theatres. The objective is to uncover practical methods for optimizing the transmission of messages in this crucial healthcare setting.
Residencia Universitaria para personas de provincia y áreas completamentarias en Pueblo Libre
Authors:   , Galindo Caján Jeniffer Ninoska
Published: August 2024

La tesis busca analizar y justificar la necesidad de una residencia universitaria para estudiantes de provincia en el distrito de Pueblo Libre, zona en la cual se encuentra la mayor cantidad de estudiantes que vienen de provincia a estudiar a Lima. La falta de residencias estudiantiles en Lima y en general en Perú, es lo que me generó el interés de brindar este espacio para vivir a los estudiantes que vienen de otras ciudades del Perú. Esta residencia estaría complementada con áreas que los estudiantes puedan aprovechar y disfrutar, tales como zonas de estudio como coworking, ejercicio como gimnasio, yoga, crossfit, etc. y comercio. Además de complementar la residencia con estas áreas, dentro de la residencia también tendrán espacios de estudio, lavandería, kitchenettes, escalada en pared, terrazas y espacios colectivos que serán vacíos a lo largo de todo el proyecto que serán espacios de “respiro” para los estudiantes, ya que serán espacios abiertos, de doble altura, donde podrán despejarse y relajarse. Por otro lado, el proyecto está ubicado en el cruce de dos avenidas principales (Av. Universitaria y Av. Mariano Cornejo) y una calle secundaria (Calle José Encinas), al tener esta zonificación de zona residencial y comercio en la Av. Universitaria, la cual también está frente a la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) se genera un escalonamiento en la volumetría para que converse con el entorno. Además, se crean calles peatonales que conecta la zona residencial de la Calle José Encinas con la Av. Universitaria y Av. Mariano Cornejo.
Liderazgo en los equipos remotos y su desempeño laboral de instituciones educativas superiores en la Dirección de recursos humanos de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Maguiña Delgadillo Brenda Michelle , Arbildo Guía Abigail , Chávez Garay Natalia , Pizarro De La Cruz Melissa
Published: August 2024

El presente estudio tuvo el objetivo de determinar la relación entre liderazgo en los equipos remotos y su desempeño laboral de instituciones educativas superiores en la Dirección de Recursos Humanos de Lima Metropolitana, en una muestra de 90 participantes, entre 27 supervisores y 63 colaboradores, pertenecientes a la Dirección de RRHH, siendo un estudio descriptivo, correlacional, se realizó la administración dos encuestas auto elaboradas y validadas por las investigadores para evaluar las variables de estudio, obteniendo como resultados que no existe relación entre liderazgo y desempeño laboral (X2=.308; p=.989); a su vez, se obtuvo un nivel medio (44,4%) en liderazgo y un nivel alto (40,7%) en desempeño laboral, concluyendo que existen otros factores o variables que influyen en los altos niveles de liderazgo y desempeño laboral en los participantes a la Dirección de RRHH.
How Will Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) Influence Tax Administration in Developing Countries?
Authors: Arewa Moyo , Scarpini Celeste , Megersa Kelbesa , Cooper Barry , Esser Antonia , Campbell Megan
Published: August 2024

Developing countries are driving the emergence of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) – digital versions of sovereign currencies issued by central banks. While CBDCs can potentially improve financial inclusion, improve payment systems, and increase tax collection in lower-income countries, they are also associated with a complex combination of operational and security risks. This research sheds light on the tax implications of CBDCs, including the potential risks and benefits of their implementation. It outlines some of their key features and considers challenges common to revenue authorities in developing countries. Ultimately, the paper argues that a) governments adopting CBDCs must ensure that the currencies are developed and implemented transparently, fairly, and consistently with broader public policy goals while attending to context-specific challenges, and b) tax authorities should exercise more influence on CBDC design and implementation to maximise tax system benefits and reduce the possibility of worsening current challenges and inequities. Summary of ICTD Working Paper 189.
Pemanfaatan Buku Digital Pada Aplikasi iPusnas Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Baca di Kota Samarinda
Authors: Ridha Muhammad , Kusasi Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has transformed the paradigm of traditional libraries into more open and accessible digital libraries. iPusnas, a digital library application developed by the National Library of Indonesia (Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia, Perpusnas RI) in collaboration with the vendor Aksamaraya, is an example of innovation in utilizing ICT to enhance literacy access in Indonesia. This application offers various features such as book search, digital book borrowing, and offline reading capabilities, allowing users flexible access to thousands of book collections. This research reviews the development process of iPusnas, including concept design, software development, testing, and launch phases. The research methodology employed is a qualitative descriptive approach combining literature review, direct observation, and semi-structured interviews. The analysis results indicate that iPusnas significantly contributes to increasing reading interest in Samarinda City. Easy and quick access to various types of digital books, including contemporary and classic titles, provides a broader range of choices for the community to access readings according to their interests. Features such as efficient search, bookmarking, and interactive reading also enhance user engagement in literacy activities.
Criminal Careers and Drug Abuse Among Adolescents in Indonesia
Authors: Latif Syahrul Akmal , Som Ahmad Puad Mat , Novarizal Riky
Published: August 2024

The engagement of adolescents in drug abuse cases is a complex process that requires explanation and reflection. This study aims to explain the criminal careers of adolescents engaged in drug abuse. Such inclinations are often overlooked in studies concerning adolescent involvement in drug abuse cases in Indonesia. In addition to addressing the inadequacies of prior research, this study aims to expound the criminal careers of adolescents involved in drug abuse cases in Indonesia. This is a descriptive qualitative study that utilizes primary and secondary data. The study's findings highlight three important situations of adolescents' criminal careers in drug abuse cases. Firstly, the initial phase of adolescent drug abuse is precipitated by experimentation, peer influence, and a curiosity about drugs. Secondly, active drug abuse among adolescents manifests in various forms such as users, abusers, and addicts. Lastly, active participation in drug abuse among adolescents leads to a progression in behavior from from users to dealers, users to sellers, and addicts to dealers. This study also emphasizes the need to explain the perceptions and motivations of adolescents who engage in drug abuse cases to acquire a better understanding of their conduct.
Neglected zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture: Report of two cases during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ananda Nissia , Ariawan Dwi , Julia Vera
Published: August 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly worldwide, including in Indonesia. As a result, people developed a fear of visiting hospitals and a tendency to ignore symptoms unrelated to COVID-19. A zygomaticomaxillary complex bone fracture is one of the most frequent midface fractures and is often accompanied by infraorbital nerve paresthesia. Purpose: This article aims to report two cases of neglected zygomaticomaxillary complex bone fractures with persistent infraorbital nerve paresthesia caused by the patient’s fear of seeking medical care. Cases: The first case is a 19-year-old male with a history of trauma two weeks prior to hospital admission. He was diagnosed with a neglected zygomaticomaxillary complex bone fracture, which resulted in persistent infraorbital nerve paresthesia. This condition was due to the patient’s fear of visiting the hospital. The second case is a 21-year-old female who presented with a history of persistent numbness on the left cheek and upper lip for one month prior to hospital admission. The symptoms originated from an accident where the patient fell from a ladder measuring two meters in height. Case management: Surgical intervention—open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)—was performed on both patients to promote nerve recovery. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the safety of elective oral maxillofacial surgery procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. After a follow-up period, both patients experienced a recovery of sensory function in the infraorbital nerve. Conclusion: Infraorbital nerve sensory disturbance along with zygomaticomaxillary complex bone fracture found during the COVID-19 pandemic should be managed with ORIF to improve nerve recovery.
Smoking Behavior in Health Students in Jayapura City
Authors: Ayomi Mina Blandina
Published: August 2024

Background: The 2021 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) showed an increase in the number of adult smokers by 8.8 million, namely from 60.3 million in 2011 to 69.1 million in 2021. Although the prevalence of smoking in Indonesia has decreased from 1 8% to 1.6, Papua Province's percentage of smoking among the population aged 15 years from 2021-2023 is 24.91%, decreasing to 22.22% in 2023 to 22.3%. Aims: This research is to determine the perception of smoking among health students in Jayapura City. Method: The research used a descriptive survey with samples from 100 health students from various universities in Jayapura City, the research location, from June to September 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of several questions. The data were analyzed univariately, displayed in table form, and narrated. Results: There were 34 respondents (34%) smoking activities and 66 respondents (66%) who did not. This type of cigarette is smoked 100% cigarettes. The number of cigarettes smoked was 4-6 cigarettes; there were 25 respondents (73.5%) and nine respondents (26.5%) 7-10 cigarettes. Twenty-nine respondents (85.3%) smoked outdoors, and five respondents (14.7%) were indoors. Length of smoking ³ three years, there were 30 respondents (88.2%), and for less <than one year, there were four respondents (11.8%). The reason for smoking was to relieve stress for 25 respondents (73.5%) and for hanging out with friends for nine respondents (26.5%). Plans to stop smoking: 27 respondents (79.5%) and 7 respondents (20.5%) did not stop smoking. Conclusion: It can be concluded, that the reason for smoking is because of stress and having many problems, but more respondents want to stop smoking. Efforts and good intentions can stop smoking among health students as agents of societal change.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS PBL MATERI PERSAMAAN KUADRAT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Putri Sindy Emmalia , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Budiarti Indah
Published: August 2024

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik masih rendah, terutama materi persamaan kuadrat. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis Problem Based Learning pada materi persamaan kuadrat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik kelas IX SMP yang memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menerapkan model penelitian ADDIE. Subjek uji coba dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelompok kecil pada enam peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat kemampuan rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi LKPD, lembar angket respon peserta didik, dan Tes Hasil Belajar (THB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) LKPD yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria sangat valid, dengan nilai validitas sebesar 87,96% (2) uji keefektifan LKPD memenuhi kriteria sangat efektif, dengan persentase ketuntasan peserta didik adalah sebesar 100%, (3) LKPD  juga memenuhi kriteria sangat praktis, dengan rata-rata respon peserta didik adalah 86%. Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis Problem Based Learning pada materi persamaan kuadrat layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik.
PENGEMBANGAN SOAL MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL BERKONTEKS LAHAN BASAH UNTUK MELATIH BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Anisa Ratna , Fajriah Noor , Juhairiah Juhairiah
Published: August 2024

Matematika merupakan salah satu ilmu dasar yang sangat penting. Pada pembelajaran matematika dibutuhkan kemampuan berpikir kritis agar siswa dapat memecahkan permasalahan matematika yang materinya bersifat abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses dan hasil pengembangan soal materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel berkonteks lahan basah untuk melatih berpikir kritis siswa yang valid, reliabel, memiliki daya beda yang tinggi, tingkat kesukaran soal yang baik dan mendapat respons positif dari siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan development research tipe formative evaluation. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 33 orang siswa kelas VIIIA SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, angket respons siswa dan lembar tes soal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan produk pengembangan berupa soal berpikir kritis dengan konteks lahan basah untuk siswa SMP/MTs yang sangat valid dengan skor rata-rata 3,585. Adapun validitas tiap butir soal yang diperoleh dari pengerjaan lembar tes siswa adalah soal 1,2,3 dan 4 dinyatakan valid. Reliabilitas soal diperoleh sebesar 0,718 dan termasuk dalam kategori reliabilitas tinggi. Berdasarkan analisis daya beda soal diperoleh rata-rata 0,452 dan dapat dikategorikan baik. Berdasarkan tingkat kesukaran soal diperoleh bahwa soal 1 dan 2 adalah soal mudah dan untuk soal 3 dan 4 adalah soal sedang. Berdasarkan angket, respons siswa terhadap soal terkategori positif.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR MATEMATIKA E-KOMIK BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA MATERI RASIO
Authors: Adawiyah Lailatul , Pasani Chairil Faif , Kamaliyah Kamaliyah
Published: August 2024

Hasil wawancara dengan guru matematika di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) di Banjarmasin menunjukkan masih banyak peserta didik yang menganggap matematika sulit untuk dipelajari, hal ini mengakibatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik menjadi kurang. Salah satu penyebabnya diantaranya ialah perangkat pembelajaran yang kurang mendukung. Oleh karena itu diperlukan perangkat pembelajaran kreatif yang dapat membangkitkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modul ajar matematika E-Komik berbasis pendidikan karakter pada materi rasio yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengembangan Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D yaitu, define, design, development dan disseminate. Dalam penelitian ini hanya sampai tahapan development. Tahap disseminate ditiadakan karena keterbatasan waktu penelitian. Subjek uji coba penelitian ini adalah 35 peserta didik kelas VII SMP Negeri 24 Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen lembar validasi, angket respons guru dan peserta didik serta tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data bertujuan untuk mengetahui uji kevalidan, kepraktisan dan efektivitas modul ajar yang dikembangkan. Berdasarkan lembar validasi yang diisi oleh validator, dapat disimpulkan modul ajar sangat valid karena diperoleh persentase skor rata-rata 89,13%. Berdasarkan hasil angket respons guru dan peserta didik persentase skor rata-rata berturut-turut 95% dan 90%, dapat disimpulkan modul ajar sangat praktis. Berdasarkan uji coba, modul ajar dikatakan sangat efektif karena peserta didik sudah mencapai KKTP, persentase hasil belajar peserta didik adalah 91,43%. Berdasarkan hal yang telah diuraikan, maka dengan kriteria kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan modul ajar matematika E-Komik berbasis pendidikan karakter pada materi rasio kelas VII SMP dapat dikatakan tercapai.
L’eau dans les sols méditerranéens au cœur de la transition agroécologique
Authors: DOMINGUEZ BOHORQUEZ Juan David
Published: August 2024

Dans les régions méditerranéennes, les défis posés par les changements climatiques, marqués par des périodes de sécheresse prolongées et des températures en augmentation, ont mis en avant l'irrigation comme une réponse essentielle pour diminuer les impacts sur les rendements des cultures et l'équilibre hydrique des sols. Toutefois, l'augmentation de l'usage de l'eau pour l'irrigation, particulièrement dans les régions méridionales, présente des défis majeurs en termes de prélèvements d'eau. Pour aborder ces défis, la transition vers une agriculture agroécologique, notamment via l'adoption de l'agriculture de conservation des sols (ACS), se dessine comme une solution prometteuse. Les recherches indiquent que l'ACS favorise l'infiltration et la rétention de l'eau, offrant ainsi une opportunité pour optimiser l'utilisation de l'eau d'irrigation. Un projet de recherche en cours à la Société du Canal de Provence et à INRAE Montpellier se concentre sur cette transition en évaluant l'évolution des propriétés du sol à la suite de l'adoption de l'ACS et en analysant ses performances en termes de gestion de l'irrigation. Ce projet se décline en trois objectifs principaux, allant de la caractérisation des propriétés du sol et des pratiques d'irrigation à l'adaptation de modèles de simulation pour optimiser l'irrigation des cultures en ACS. Des résultats préliminaires sont présentés, exposant les effets à court terme de l'ACS sur les propriétés hydrodynamiques du sol et les performances agronomiques après son adoption, ainsi que l'importance temporelle des pratiques de conservation, susceptibles de produire des effets différents à long terme. De plus, des premières simulations ont été réalisées pour valider le modèle Optirrig ACS. La finalisation du projet est envisagée pour la fin de 2024.
Utiliser les racines pour moduler les impacts des déficits en eau et améliorer la gestion de l’eau dans les agrosystèmes
Authors: DOUSSAN Claude , LE GALL Samuel , RUY Stéphane , BÉRARD Annette
Published: August 2024

Les plantes, au travers de leur système racinaire, sont des ingénieurs du sol qui sont capables de modifier les propriétés biologiques, chimiques et physiques du sol qu’elles colonisent. Cependant, si les propriétés du sol sont généralement étudiées et considérées pour leur impact sur les plantes (prélèvement hydrominéral, croissance et rendement), le fait qu’à l’inverse la plante agisse sur les propriétés du sol à travers son système racinaire, et sa rétroaction sur la plante, est beaucoup moins investigué. Une grande partie de ces interactions plante-sol se déroule dans la rhizosphère, zone ténue de sol entourant les racines et impactée par leur activité, qui se révèle être un « hotspot » d’activité biologique entretenu par l’apport de carbone racinaire (exsudats, mucilages) comprenant des composés polymériques spécifiques. Nous argumentons ici que l’effet racines/rhizosphère sur le sol est un levier pour agir sur la tolérance au déficit hydrique des cultures au travers de quelques exemples de nos travaux récents. Vu plus globalement, dans le cadre des systèmes de cultures et rotations, les systèmes racinaires peuvent s’avérer être un outil dans la gestion des propriétés hydrauliques du sol pour optimiser le bilan hydrique à l’échelle de la parcelle (partage ruissellement/infiltration, stockage de l’eau, drainage et recharge des nappes).
Le projet CARG’EAU accompagne la transition des exploitations vers des systèmes résilients et économes en eau
Authors: GUYOT Fabienne , MOREL Lauriane , BRUN Mireille , LOUCHARD Benoit , L'HELGOUALC'H Rachel
Published: August 2024

Le projet CARG’EAU, piloté par la Chambre régionale d’agriculture Centre-Val de Loire, a permis de capitaliser un grand nombre de références pour accompagner le plus grand nombre d’agriculteurs irrigants et non-irrigants, à la transition vers des systèmes économes en eau dans un contexte de changement climatique. Cet article nous livre les principaux résultats des enquêtes menées sur le sujet auprès de soixante-quatre exploitations.
Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Ketidaklayakan Rumah
Authors: Ratih Septi , Nurmayadi Ade Rizki
Published: August 2024

Kota Pontianak dilalui oleh aliran sungai terpanjang di Indonesia yaitu Sungai Kapuas dan Sungai Landak luasnya bantaran sungai tersebut rawan dijadikan sebagai tempat tinggal yang tidak layak huni. Rumah tidak layak huni memiliki kualitas bangunan yang rendah sehingga tidak disarankan untuk ditinggali karena banyak risiko yang akan ditimbulkan. Yang menjadi pertanyaan disini adalah faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kriteria tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah. Faktor sosial ekonomi, pengetahuan, keterampilan, pendanaan, perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, pemeliharaan, dan perawatan. Pengolahan data menggunakan Korelasi Rank Spearman dan statistik hipotetik. Dari hasil analisis diketahui kriteria tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah ditentukan berdasarkan skor dari hasil pemeriksaan dan kajian yang telah dilakukan. Tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah yang diteliti dengan metode berdasarkan 5 aspek dan Aladin menghasilkan bahwa secara umum tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah masuk kategori berat. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketidaklayakan rumah yang mempunyai tingkat hubungan sangat kuat yaitu sosial ekonomi dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,815, pengetahuan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,857, pendanaan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,822, pelaksanaan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,852, dan pemeliharaan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,836.
Perbandingan Konstruksi Beton Risha dan Konvensional: Tinjauan Biaya dan Waktu
Authors: Sulistiana Putu Didik , Agustini Ni Komang Ayu , Setiawan I Made Edi
Published: August 2024

Inovasi RISHA (Rumah lnstan Sederhana Sehat) merupakan variasi beton pracetak yang diciptakan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Puslitbang) Permukiman, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat, yang telah dirilis pada 20 Desember 2004. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan konstruksi bangunan dengan teknologi beton RISHA dan beton konvensional dari aspek Perhitungan biaya proyek dan Perhitungan durasi proyek, Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yang berupa studi literatur atau studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian perbandingan konstruksi bangunan dengan teknologi beton RISHA dan beton konvensional didapatkan selisih biaya rata-rata sebesar 7.96%, dan selisih durasi secara rata-rata sebesar 30.10% lebih unggul teknologi beton RISHA.
Penentuan Skala Prioritas Pemeliharaan Jalan Kabupaten di Kabupaten Sambas
Authors: Ruskamdi Ruskamdi , Widodo Slamet , Mukti Elsa Tri
Published: August 2024

Jalan dan jembatan vital untuk mobilitas dan akses daerah terpencil. Pemeliharaan melalui pencegahan, perawatan, dan perbaikan diperlukan untuk menjaga kondisi optimal. Otonomi daerah dan perimbangan keuangan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah kabupaten untuk mengatur dan menggali sumber daya. Namun, keterbatasan anggaran dan ketimpangan dalam pelaksanaan pemeliharaan jalan di Kabupaten Sambas menunjukkan kebutuhan akan prosedur penentuan prioritas yang lebih baik, berdasarkan kriteria yang beragam dan semua aspek tujuan pemeliharaan jalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kriteria dan urutan prioritas pemeliharaan jalan di Kabupaten Sambas, Kalimantan Barat. Menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kriteria penting seperti volume lalu lintas, pembiayaan, tata guna lahan, kondisi jalan, dan faktor kebijakan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor pembiayaan memiliki bobot tertinggi, diikuti oleh kondisi jalan, volume lalu lintas, faktor kebijakan, dan tata guna lahan. Selanjutnya, ruas jalan Mentibar – Daup mendapatkan prioritas tertinggi untuk pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini menyarankan untuk memperhatikan kaidah statistik dalam pemilihan responden dan menjaga konsistensi jawaban responden untuk hasil yang lebih akurat.
Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Organoleptik Serbuk Minuman Nanas
Authors: Dian P. Prabowo. Ivy , Nareswara Sebastian Farell
Published: August 2024

Nanas (Ananas comosus) merupakan salah satu buah tropis dengan harga relatif terjangkau dan stabil karena nanas bukan buah musiman serta jumlah panennya di Indonesia yang cukup tinggi. Nanas buah yang mudah mengalami pembusukan, oleh karena itu perlu ada upaya untuk memperpanjang umur simpan nanas. Salah satunya adalah dengan membuat serbuk minuman nanas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama penyimpanan terhadap sensori serbubuk minuman nanas. Penelitian ini dianalisa dengan uji hedonik menggunakan 30 panelis tidak terlatih yang diminta untuk memberikan penilaian terhadap aroma, penampilan, dan rasa pada serbuk minuman nanas maupun pada larutan serbuk nanas yang disimpan selama 1,2,3, dan 4 minggu. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat menunjukan bahwa semakin lama waktu penyimpanan serbuk minuman nanas dapat mengurangi penerimaan panelis terhadap aroma, penampilan, dan rasa. Hasil penilitian ini menunjukan penilaian terhadap aroma, penampilan, dan rasa menurun dari suka menjadi tidak suka pada minggu ke-4 baik pada serbuk minuman nanas maupun yang telah dilarutkan.
El equilibrio entre la evaluación tipo test, el caso práctico y el desarrollo de un ensayo jurídico como método de aprendizaje del Derecho constitucional
Authors: Dorado Sánchez Antonio
Published: August 2024

La metodología docente clásica ha centrado su atención en que el alumno comprenda la materia y asimile los conceptos. Sin embargo, un enfoque más adecuado del concepto de aprendizaje implica buscar una metodología que no solo logre la asimilación, sino también la retención de los conceptos a largo plazo. El objetivo es que, a través de la enseñanza del Derecho Constitucional, el alumno desarrolle las competencias de "saber" (conocer la materia), "saber hacer" (aplicar la teoría a la práctica) y "ser" (dominar el lenguaje y los métodos del jurista). Para ello se propone el uso equilibrado de tres herramientas clave: el tipo test, el caso práctico y el ensayo jurídico, aplicando un método de evaluación "simétrico" que refleje en el examen final las mismas técnicas usadas durante el curso.
A Grand Challenge: Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage
Authors: Mohanty Kishore K.
Published: August 2024

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This is the fifth in a series of six articles on SPE’s Grand Challenges in Energy, formulated as the output of a 2023 workshop held by the SPE Research and Development Technical Section in Austin, Texas.

Described in a JPT article last year, each of the challenges will be discussed separately in this series: geothermal energy; net-zero operations; improving recovery from tight/shale resources; digital transformation; carbon capture, utilization, and storage; and education and advocacy.

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Net global anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG), mainly CO2 and CH4 emissions, reached nearly 60 Gt CO2-eq in 2019, with energy-related emissions contributing the largest amount at nearly 40 Gt (IPCC 2022). The fugitive emissions from coal, oil, and gas industries are about 5.8%. Fig. 1 shows the global emissions from energy-related sectors; the use of coal, oil, and natural gas contributes the major share to GHG emissions.

In the past 15 years, electricity production from renewable sources (solar, wind, and hydroelectric) has increased significantly. However, renewable energy accounts for only about 15% of the primary energy generation now. Almost 80% of the primary energy comes from fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas, and about 5% comes from nuclear fission.

In the next 30 years, the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that renewable energy will grow from 15% to about 27.6% (Fig. 2) but cannot meet human consumption by itself. Fossil fuels would still contribute about 68.5%.

How do we use fossil fuels and at the same time reduce CO2 emission?

Fossil fuels can be used only if the associated CO2 can be captured and stored or reused. Hydrogen has been envisioned as the clean fuel for the future, but all of the needed hydrogen cannot come from electrolysis (for lack of renewable energy capacity); most will come from fossil fuels which, again, have to be supplemented with carbon capture in the net‑zero economy.

CCUS has three components: carbon capture, transportation, and storage/utilization. The scale of needed CCUS dictates that the three components need to be developed simultaneously for successful deployment of this technology. For example, a power plant cannot install a carbon capture unit until transportation and storage/utilization are in operation.

CO2 Capture

Carbon capture processes separate CO2 from gaseous streams emitted from industrial sources (point sources), e.g., power plants, steel plants, and steam methane reformers (SMR). The concentration of CO2 is about 4 to 12% in power plants, 20% in steel plants, and 15 to 45% in SMR.

There are also emerging capture techniques to separate CO2 from air (with a concentration of 0.042%) called direct air capture (DAC). As the CO2 concentration decreases, it takes more energy and cost (per CO2 amount) to separate.
A systematic review on the effectiveness of police patrol activities
Authors: Son Sugeol , Kim Haeun , Yoon Yeochan , Han Min Kyung ,   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice
Published: August 2024

Based on the recognition that there is a need to comprehensively review how the impact of police patrol activities has been explored and evaluated, this study analyzed the research trends of 27 Korean studies that have quantitatively measured the effect of police patrols activities.
The results of the analysis can be summarized in four parts as follows. First, either survey data on residents’ perception or police officers’ perception was used to assess the impact of police patrol activities; internal police data such as crime data and 112 emergency calls was not considered for the evaluation. Most of the studies were biased toward residents’ perceptions, especially on their perceived safety and fear of crime. Second, although many patrols are conducted by car, none of the 27 studies examined car patrols as a type of patrol. When foot patrols were examined, the studies were concentrated on a specific period. Third, in terms of analytical methodology, most of the studies assessed perception differences through survey data, except for two (quasi-)experimental studies. This contrasts with previous literature from abroad, which mainly measured the effects of patrols through (quasi-) experimental designs. Fourth, while the majority of studies evaluated the impact of police patrol activities positively (18 studies, 66.7%), seven studies (25.9%) reported no significant change in the indicators considered to measure the impact of police patrol activities, and only two studies (7.4%) found a negative impact.
Through this study, it is hoped that future research on the evaluation of the impact of police patrol activities will be more systematic, long-term, and in-depth.
Endothelial-Ercc1 DNA repair deficiency provokes blood-brain barrier dysfunction
Authors: Hansen Cathrin , Vacondio Davide , Molen Lennart van der , Jüttner Annika A. , Fung Wing Ka , Karsten Manon , Hof Bert van het , Fontijn Ruud , Kooij Gijs , Witte Maarten , Roks Anton , de Vries Helga , Mulder Inge , de Wit Nienke
Published: August 2024

Aging of the brain vasculature plays a key role in the development of neurovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, thereby contributing to cognitive impairment. Among other factors, DNA damage strongly promotes cellular aging, however, the role of genomic instability in brain endothelial cells (EC) and its potential effect on brain homeostasis is still largely unclear. We here investigated how endothelial aging impacts blood-brain barrier (BBB) function by using excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1)-deficient human brain ECs and an EC-specific Ercc1 knock out (EC-KO) mouse model. In vitro, ERCC1-deficient brain ECs displayed increased senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) expression, reduced BBB integrity and higher sprouting capacities due to an underlying dysregulation of the Dll4-Notch pathway. In line, EC-KO mice showed more P21+ cells, augmented expression of angiogenic markers and a concomitant increase in the number of brain ECs and pericytes. Moreover, EC-KO mice displayed BBB leakage and enhanced cell adhesion molecule expression accompanied by peripheral immune cell infiltration into the brain. These findings were confined to the white matter, suggesting a regional susceptibility. Collectively, our results underline the role of endothelial aging as a driver of impaired BBB function, endothelial sprouting and increased immune cell migration into the brain, thereby contributing to impaired brain homeostasis as observed during the aging process.
IRF4 mediates non-enzymatic dependency on IRE1 in Multiple Myeloma cells
Authors: Oikonomidi Ioanna , Kameswaran Vasumathi , Pham Victoria C. , Zuazo-Gaztelu Iratxe , Gutgesell Lauren M. , Marsters Scot , Daniel Bence , Lill Jennie R. , Modrusan Zora , Ashkenazi Avi
Published: August 2024

Multiple Myeloma (MM) arises through oncogenic transformation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. MM often co-opts the endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress mitigator, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) to sustain malignant growth. While certain MMs require enzymatic IRE1-dependent activation of the ER-homeostatic transcription factor XBP1s, others display a non-enzymatic dependency on IRE1 that is not yet mechanistically understood. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) stimulates gene programs that promote immune-cell proliferation and plays an essential role in MM. Here we show that the non-enzymatic reliance on IRE1 in MM entails IRF4. IRE1 silencing increased inhibitory phosphorylation of IRF4, disrupting its chromatin-binding activity and mRNA transcription. IRF4 knockdown recapitulated, whereas IRF4 re-expression reversed the anti-proliferative phenotype of IRE1 silencing. Mechanistic studies revealed that IRF4 engages the E2F1 and CDC25A genes and promotes CDK2 activation to drive cell cycle progression. Our results uncover an unexpected functional link between IRE1 and IRF4 in MM.
Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and gastric cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yuan Yugang , Tian Li , Peng Guangwei , Jiang Danbin
Published: August 2024

Background & aims:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been proven to be associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC) in observational studies. However, the result was affected by many potential confounding factors, so a Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to assess the association.
Method
We performed bidirectional MR analyses to explore the causal relationship between T2DM and GC, as well as the risk factors for GC. To examine the effect caused by confounding factors, we took part of the risk factors into research. We also conducted a meta-analysis of the results from different data sources.
Result
The MR analysis revealed a negative correlation between T2DM and GC (odds ratio = 0.10, 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.69; P = .02). Regarding the relationship between risk factors for GC and T2DM, we found that BMI (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.04–1.05; P < .001), physical activity (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-1.00; P = .01), ever smoking (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06; P < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02; P = .01) could increase the occurrence of T2DM. On the other hand, T2DM could increase the rate of HP infection (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.16–3.66; P = .01) and EBV infection (OR, 6.31; 95% CI, 1.12–35.64; P = .04) to affect the development of GC. These factors could affect the outcome of observational studies, which differed from our research.
Conclusion
The results showed that T2DM had a negative correlation with GC. Confounding factors, including high BMI, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, HP infection, and EBV infection, could reverse the tendency. Further research should be conducted to explore the specific mechanism regarding the causality between the two diseases.
High-fidelity remote entanglement of trapped atoms mediated by time-bin photons
Authors: Monroe Christopher , Saha Sagnik , Shalaev Mikhail , O'Reilly Jameson , Goetting Isabella , Toh George , Kalakuntla Ashish , Yu Yichao
Published: August 2024

Photonic interconnects between quantum processing nodes are likely the only way to achieve large-scale quantum computers and networks (1). The bottleneck in such an architecture is the interface between well-isolated quantum memories and flying photons. We establish high-fidelity entanglement between remotely separated trapped atomic qubit memories (2–4), mediated by photonic qubits stored in the timing of their pulses (5). Such time-bin encoding removes sensitivity to polarization errors, enables long-distance quantum communication, and is extensible to quantum memories with more than two states. Using a measurementbased error detection process and suppressing a fundamental source of error due to atomic recoil, we achieve an entanglement fidelity of 97% and show that fidelities beyond 99.9% are feasible.
Microstructure and Hardness Analysis of Laser Welded A357 Semi-Solid Cast Alloy
Authors: Zhu Baiwei , Zhu Tianyu , Liu Jun , Zhuang Bailiang , Yuan Hongwei , Zhang Heyao , Liu Erliang
Published: August 2024

A357.0 alloy was casted by using RheoMetal™ process, and then welded using laser deep penetration welding. After welding, the specimens were subjected to microstructural characterization and microhardness testing. The results indicate that a surface liquid segregation (SLS) layer enriched of alloying elements was formed on the surface, resulting in an increase of Si content in molten pool compared to that in the ingot. The microstructure of the molten pool is mainly composed of fine equiaxed and columnar crystals. A small amount of spherical α1-Al phases were found in the boundary of the molten pool. The eutectic region in the melt pool is mainly composed of Si phases, and small amount of MgSi, and AlFeMgSi phases. Compared to the matrix, the content of Mg and Fe in the molten pool has significantly decreased, which may be the result of burning loss of Mg and Fe under the high laser energy. The hardness testing of the samples in this study showed that the hardness of the heat affected zone (HAZ) was significantly higher than that of the melt pool and SLS layer. The hardness of equiaxed crystals in the molten pool is slightly higher than that of columnar crystals.
Patient Expectations of Bariatric outcomes, Baseline, and Long-term Evaluation: PEBBLE study
Authors: Laan Lindsy van der , Kuipers Ellen A M , Timmerman Josien G , Kaijser Mirjam A , Det Marc J van , Emous Marloes
Published: August 2024

Objective
This study investigates preoperative patient expectations related to metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), focusing on anticipated challenges and effects on physical, social, and psychological domains.
Methods
We performed a prospective, cross-sectional multicenter survey in adult patients awaiting primary MBS. The questionnaire gathered data on 1) the top three reasons for seeking surgery, 2) anticipated weight loss, and 3) expected remission of co-morbidities. Patients also rated the importance of information regarding complication risks, anxiety over complications, and their impact on willingness to undergo surgery. Additionally, patients reported their expectations of physical, social, and psychological changes.
Results
In total, 242 patients filled in the questionnaire. Patients prioritized mobility and health as the main reasons for choosing MBS, with other key factors including pain reduction, remission of comorbidities, and physical fitness. Patients expected a median percentage Total Weight Loss of 32% and a percentage Excess Weight Loss of 81%. Most patients expected total remission of obesity-related comorbidities. Although patients valued information on potential complications, these risks did not induce anxiety or affect the decision to undergo MBS. The most anticipated physical changes included improved mobility, pain reduction, and better health/fitness The most expected social and psychological changes were related to self-image and emotional well-being.
Conclusion
Improved mobility and health were the main reasons for undergoing MBS. Although participants had high weight loss expectations, their estimations for comorbidity resolutions were accurate. Despite prioritizing being informed about potential complications, it did not discourage patients from choosing MBS.
Soil-Microbe Assessment in Borgu LGA, Nigeria for Sustainable Soil Health and Fertility Management
Authors: OYEDELE Adedayo Omowumi , Ezaka Emmanuel , UTHMAN Azarel Caldbak O. , ODUNJO Taiwo Elijah , OGUNWEIDE Temitope A. , OJO Abigail Oluremi , ADEDIRAN James Alabi
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims: The soil-Microbe relationship has a unique way of influencing rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere ecosystems. The experiment aimed to identify some biological and chemical activities and relate them to the soil's health status in the ecological zone. As well as to investigates the roles of Soil-microbial interactions in maintaining soil health and fertility by examining the microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and archaea are essential components of the soil ecosystem, and perform a wide range of functions that are critical for sustainable agriculture
Methods: The study was conducted in 14 communities of Savanna Ecology. The soils were of Basement and Sedimentary geological formations. There were varied ranges of enzyme activities in the soil samples at different locations. Amylase activity ranged between 0.01-0.06 (ug glucose/g soil), Dehydrogenase activity ranged from 0.01-0.38(ug TPF g-1 soil), Urease activity 0.010-0.32(ug urea g-1 soil) while phosphatase activity ranged from 0.01-0.3(ug PNP g-1 soil).
Results: Higher range of soil respiration was observed in 3 locations, with a range of 14.51-25.89, 12.58-21.16 and 11.59-21.71 MgCO2/soil, respectively. The least was observed in Guffanti, with a soil respiration range of 10.16-17.0 MgCO2/gsoil. There were also varied ranges of enzyme activities in the soil samples at different locations. Amylase activity ranged between 0.01-0.06 (ug glucose/g soil), Dehydrogenase activity ranged from 0.01-0.38(ug TPF g-1 soil), Urease activity 0.01-0.32(ug urea g-1 soil) while phosphatase activity ranged from 0.01-0.30(ug PNP g-1 soil).
Conclusion: High metabolic activities in the soil enhanced phosphatase sources and led to the high production of enzymes. The differences recorded in the soil health indicators across the different sampling locations may result from the soil type, agricultural practices, cropping systems and other factors, such as the abiotic and biotic components of the soil.
Promoting sodium ion conduction: bridging strategy for sodium ion transport between NASICON ceramic granules
Authors: Hao Xiaopeng , Xu Xiaolong , Ai Zizheng , Xiu Zhiliang , Shao Yongliang , Zhao Huaping , Lei Yong , Sun Yucheng , Wu Yongzhong
Published: August 2024

Aiming to the key issue, the interruption of ion transport across the NASICON ceramic granules caused by ZrO2, glass and pores, in the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). We propose the bridging strategy, basing on which Zn-NZSP/zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8)/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) SSEs with improved ionic conductivity is successfully prepared utilizing Zn-NZSP, ZIF-8 and PVDF-HFP. The impurity phases of ZrO2 and glass are inhibited via suppressing the volatilization of Na source and P source to avoid impurity hindrance of sodium ion transport. Then, the good interface contact between Zn-NZSP and ZIF-8 is realized via the heterogeneous nucleation and in-situ growth of ZIF-8 along the surface of Zn-NZSP granules, as well as the good interface contact between ZIF-8 and PVDF-HFP is realized through the organic compatibility, constructing a bridging structure without pores. As a result, the optimized Zn-NZSP/ZIF-8/PVDF-HFP SSE delivers a high ionic conductivity of 2.2 mS cm–1 owing to the dense bridging structure without ZrO2, glass and pores (0.048 mS cm− 1 of NZSP). The symmetrical battery of NaǀSSEǀNa displays the charge-discharge voltages of ± 0.15 V and a long cycle life of more than 1500 h. This work pioneers the interface bridging strategy to connect the adjacent NASICON ceramic granules by impurity suppression and good interface contact, which is a powerful strategy to construct high sodium ion transport performance of SSEs for solid-state sodium ion batteries.