bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coagulation Disorders in Children with Destructive Forms of Appendicitis
Authors:   Kirov State Medical University, Razin М.P. , Ignatyev S.V. ,   Kirov Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion of the Federal Medical-biological agency, Semakin А.S. ,   Kirov Regional Pediatric Hospital
Published: January 2021

Цель. Оценить состояние коагуляционного звена гемостаза у детей с деструктивными формами аппендицита в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 30 детей с деструктивными формами острого аппендицита в возрасте 7-14 лет. Группу контроля составили 50 здоровых детей. Выраженность интоксикационно-воспалительного синдрома оценивали по данным гемограммы, лейкоцитарного индекса интоксикации и биохимического анализа крови, состояние коагуляционного звена гемостаза – на основании скрининговых, локальных тестов и интегрального теста «Тромбодинамика». Результаты. Отмечено значимое увеличение количества лейкоцитов, палочкоядерных и сегменто-ядерных нейтрофилов, СОЭ у пациентов детского возраста с деструктивными формами острого аппендицита в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Лейкоцитарный индекс интоксикации соответствовал средней и тяжелой степени тяжести пациентов – 5,73; 3,6-7,4 (Ме; Q1-Q3), С-реактивный белок в исследуемой группе превышал норму в 32 раза – 163,8; 132,8-224,9 мг/л (Ме; Q1-Q3). Выявлено статистически достоверное увеличение концентрации фибриногена (5,9±1,0 г/л), растворимых фибринмономерных комплексов (204,0±59,1 мкг/мл), фактора VIII (301,3±96,6%), фактора фон Виллебранда (226,0±62,5%) и его активности (161,5±36,2%), значимое повышение показателей интегрального теста «Тромбодинамика» – начальной скорости роста сгустка Vi (60,5±3,9 мкм/мин), стационарной скорости роста сгустка Vst (41,1±3,9 мкм/мин), размера сгустка CS (1444,2±192,9 мкм) и плотности сгустка D (31157,6±2599,3 у.е.). Кроме того, у всех пациентов исследуемой группы установлено угнетение фибринолитической активности плазмы. Заключение. Деструктивные формы аппендицита сопровождаются выраженным интоксикационно-воспалительным синдромом в сочетании с гиперкоагуляционными нарушениями системы гемостаза, что обуславливает состояние повышенной тромботической готовности, которое при наличии дополнительных факторов может реализоваться в тромбоз. Это является основанием для дополнительных исследований и более тщательного диагностического поиска тромбоэмболических осложнений у детей. Научная новизна статьи Впервые изучены маркеры гиперкоагуляционных состояний и повреждения сосудистого эндотелия (фактора VIII, фактора фон Виллебранда, теста «Тромбодинамика») у детей с деструктивными формами аппендицита в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Впервые доказано наличие протромботической готовности у пациентов данной категории.
Efficiency of Different Methods of Temporary External Hemostasis at the Pre-Hospital Stage of Emergency Medical Care
Authors:   Sumy State University, Shkatula Y.V. , Badion Y.O. ,   Sumy State University, Novikov M.V. ,   Sumy Regional Centre for Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine
Published: January 2021

Objective. To estimate the efficiency of different methods of temporary external hemostasis at the pre-hospital stage of emergency medical care, taking into account the localization of injuries. Material and Methods. The cases (n=86) of prehospital emergency medical care for patients with external bleeding were studied. The data on the victims (age, gender), clinical status (type and location of injuries, type of bleeding), the volume of emergency care, the hemostasis methods used to control bleeding, their efficiency, side effects, difficulty of use were collected, and the duration of the pre-hospital stage were also taken into account. Results. The study found out that the most common cause of external bleeding is domestic accident (45.35%) of cases. By the nature of tissue damage, the cut wounds prevailed. Multiple or combined injuries occurred in 13.95% of cases. A tourniquet was the main method of hemostasis. Contact hemostatic agents were used only in 2.32% of cases at the pre-hospital stage. In some cases, when attempting to control the external bleeding, several hemostatic agents were sequentially used due to the lack of their efficacy. In 17.4% of cases, the victims with multiple or combined injuries received intravenous administrationof the systemichemostatic agents. In the complex of anti-shock measures in patients with severe trauma 77.91% of the prehospital patients underwent infusion therapy. Isotonic crystalloid solutions were used. A reliable increase in the duration of the prehospital stage of victims who underwent to a combination of hemostasis methods and intravenous infusion has been registered. The increase in the length of the prehospital stay occurs at the expense of the time required for creation of venous access and initiate infusion. The authors propose the algorithm for temporal control of external bleeding during emergency medical care at the pre-hospital stage. Conclusion. The main principles that need to be guided in the choice of any methods for stopping of bleeding are the speed and reliability of hemostasis for entire time of evacuation and the minimum damaging effect on the tissues. What this paper adds The effectiveness of various methods for temporal external hemostasis at the pre-hospital stage of emergency medical treatment taking into account the localization of injuries was estimated. It has been established that the main principles that must be followed in choosing any of the methods for stopping the bleeding are the speed and reliability of hemostasis for the entire duration of evacuation and the minimal tissue damage.
Current State of Thoracoscopic Surgery for Benign Esophageal Diseases
Authors:   B.V.Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Shestakov A.L. , Bezaltynnykh A.A. ,   Smolensk State Medical University, Narezkin D.V. ,   Smolensk State Medical University, Sergeev A.V. ,   Smolensk State Medical University, Shakhbanov M.E. ,   B.V.Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Tadzhibova I.M. ,   B.V.Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Petrosyan T.V. ,   B.V.Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Abdullaev A.G. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Tarasova I.A. ,   B.V.Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Babich A.V. ,   Smolensk State Medical University
Published: January 2021

Представлен аналитический обзор литературы по минимально инвазивной видеоэндоскопической хирургии доброкачественных заболеваний пищевода. Приведена краткая историческая справка развития торакоскопической хирургии пищевода. Отмечено, что преимущества видеоэндоскопических технологий позволяют сократить сроки лечения, снизить частоту осложнений и летальных исходов, что является основанием для их широкого внедрения в хирургическую практику при ряде доброкачественных заболеваний пищевода. Подчеркнута актуальность данной темы, в частности, установлено, что использование торакоскопического доступа при истинных дивертикулах грудного отдела пищевода сопряжено с минимальной травматизацией тканей, однако высокий риск развития специфических осложнений и технические особенности оперативных вмешательств при этих заболеваниях требуют тщательного изучения. Проведенное сравнительное исследование торакоскопического и лапароскопического вариантов выполнения традиционной операции Геллера при лечении ахалазии кардии показало преимущества последнего. Также отмечено, что показания к мини-инвазивной резекции при доброкачественных образованиях пищевода, выполняемой из торакоскопического доступа, должны носить абсолютный характер с оценкой соотношения риск-польза. Авторы делают вывод, что использование малоинвазивных хирургических технологий в лечении доброкачественных заболеваний пищевода перспективно, однако их безопасность, клиническая эффективность и экономическая целесообразность требуют дальнейшего критического изучения и осмысления.
The relationship between collapsibility index of inferior vena cava and hypotension after spinal anesthesia
Authors: TOPAL Serra , KARASU Derya , YILMAZ Canan , BAYTAR Çağdaş , TENEKECİOĞLU Erhan , TOPAL Dursun
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Hypotension is a common complication of spinal anesthesia. Imaging of inferior vena cava (IVC) and measurement of the IVC-collapsibility index (IVC-CI) by ultrasonography (USG) has been a widely used non-invasive, easy and reliable method for measurement of the fluid imbalance. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the predictive ability of the maximum IVC diameter (dIVCmax) and IVC-CI for hypotension after spinal anesthesia.
Methods: The study was designed as prospective and observational. One hundred thirty-two patients aged 18-75 years with ASA I-II underwent inguinal hernia surgery with spinal anesthesia and recruited to the study. Maximum and minimum (dIVCmin) IVC diameters were measured. IVC-CI (%) was quantified according to the formula of [(dIVCmax - dIVCmin)/dIVKmax] × 100%.
Results: The patients were grouped as hypotensive and non-hypotensive. In fifty-seven patients of 120 cases (47.5%), hypotension has emerged following spinal anesthesia. No significant differences in dIVCmax and IVC-CI were recorded between the study groups (p > 0.05). There were significant inverse correlation between age and IVC-CI. Significant positive correlation between the lowest values of the systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure and IVC-CI and significant positive correlation between dIVCmax and diastolic blood pressure, maximum and minimum values of the mean arterial pressure.
Conclusions: We found that dIVCmax and IVC-CI values measured before spinal anesthesia were not sufficient parameters enough to predict hypotension after spinal anesthesia. Further studies investigating the IVC measurements under spinal anesthesia together with dynamic hemodynamic monitorization modalities are needed.
Efecto de extractos orgánicos naturales sobre la micropropagación in vitro de Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Carranza Alvarez Candy
Published: January 2021

Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews es una especie de la familia Orchidaceae que, al igual que otras orquídeas, presenta problemas para su reproducción natural; lo anterior, aunado a la deforestación de su hábitat y la presión de selección para el establecimiento de nuevos cultivos, ha causado que la vainilla se vea amenazada. Por lo anterior, el objetivo general de esta investigación fue generar un protocolo de regeneración in vitro de V. planifolia a través del uso de extractos naturales. Para ello, se cultivaron semillas estériles en medio MS sin reguladores de crecimiento vegetal para obtener protocormos como explantes.  Una vez formados los protocormos, estos se sembraron en los medios de cultivo suplementados con los extractos naturales, MPL (plátano), MPI (piña), MCO (agua de coco) y en el medio control. Los resultados mostraron que el mejor tratamiento fue el MPI, en donde se observó la formación de 5.7 ± 3.5 brotes de 36.9 ± 7.3 mm de altura, y la formación de 2.2 ± 0.5 yemas por brote. Además, se logró la formación de 13.0 ± 1.1 raíces por brote con la adición de 0.5 mg L-1 de AIA, y la preaclimatación de las plantas in vitro.
Mechanical Properties and UV Reliability of Microlattice with Urethane Elastomers for insole
Authors: ANDO Yoshihiko , MORITA Jun , NAKATANI Masashi , TANAKA Hiroya
Published: January 2021

We investigated the properties of architected materials made from UV-cured urethane elastomers and the use of such materials for insoles. The durability and reliability of various materials currently used in medical insoles were compared with those of architected materials with microlattice. The results show that architected materials made from UV-cured urethane elastomers have high impact resilience and grip, and the hardness can easily be changed by adjusting the column diameter of the unit cell. Compared with the foam materials used for medical insoles today, these architected materials also demonstrate superior UV resistance, suggesting that, after being washed in water, they can be air-dried outdoors.
Currículo integrado e práticas de ensino integradas no IFNMG – Campus Almenara
Authors: Mendes Ronivaldo Ferreira , Marques Welisson
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa é o resultado parcial da dissertação de Mestrado em Educação e tem como objetivo compreender, por meio dos discursos dos sujeitos – professores atuantes nos cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio no IFNMG - Campus Almenara – o sentido do sintagma “integração” e as práticas de ensino ditas “integradas”. A pesquisa possui um delineamento teórico-metodológico de abordagem qualitativa, utilizam-se como instrumento de coleta de dados entrevistas semiestruturadas, fundadas nos pressupostos da Análise do Discurso. A hipótese aventada é de que os sentidos e práticas do ensino médio integrado se distanciam da proposta apregoada pela literatura. A partir dos enunciados, observa-se que o termo integração é polissêmico e suas práticas formativas são abrangentes e possibilitam diversas abordagens de ensino que integrem as áreas do conhecimento. Entretanto, a pesquisa constata que, no fazer pedagógico, predominam práticas pontuais de ensino baseadas na pedagogia de projetos e não a efetivação cotidiana de um currículo integrado propriamente dito.
Long-term outcomes of laser coagulation of feto-fetal anastomoses in monochorionic twins
Authors:   M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bugerenko A.E. , Kunyakh Zh.Yu. ,   Centre for Family Planning and Reproduction, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Panina O.B. ,   M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mirakyan Yu.S. ,   Centre for Family Planning and Reproduction, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Objective. To evaluate long-term outcomes of fetoscopic laser coagulation (FLC) of placental anastomoses in monochorionic twins with feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS). Patients and methods. The experimental group included live infants after FLC born to 76 women between 2012 and 2017. The control group comprised monochorionic, diamniotic (MCDA) twins with no complications born to 109 women. The following criteria were used in the analysis: gestational age at FLC, FFTS stage (Quintero staging system), gestational age at delivery, and delivery method. During follow-up, we analyzed children’s data at birth and at the age of one and three years. Results. The number of healthy children and children with minimal health problems in the experimental group was 106 (84.8%) by the age of one year and 112 (89.6%) by the age of 3 years. Nineteen children (15.2%) were disabled at the age of one year; by 3 years of age, their number decreased to 13 (10.4%). In the control group, 2 participants (1.8%) had neurological disabilities. Conclusion. The majority of children born after FLC were healthy and socially adapted. The most common disorders after FLC were neurological disorders (8.8%), cardiovascular disorders (14.8%), retinopathy of prematurity (15.7%), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (10%). The main factor affecting the development of complications in these children was gestational age at delivery. The optimal gestational age was 33–35 weeks, when the risk of disability was similar to that in MCDA twins without complications. Key words: monochorionic twins, feto-fetal transfusion syndrome, fetoscopy
DUKUNGAN PERPUSTAKAAN DALAM IMPLEMENTASI “KAMPUS MERDEKA DAN MERDEKA BELAJAR”
Authors: Fatmawati Endang
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dukungan perpustakaan dalam implementasi kebijakan kampus merdeka dan merdeka belajar. Kaitannya dengan program kampus merdeka bahwa perpustakaan menjadi komponen krusial dalam atmosfir akademik kampus. Apalagi orientasinya agar lulusan menjadi kompatibel, semakin adaptif, lebih responsif, serta menjadi kontekstual. Perpustakaan perguruan tinggi melalui pustakawannya bisa turut berkontribusi dalam mensukseskan terselenggaranya implementasi program kampus merdeka dan merdeka belajar. Prosesnya bisa dicapai dengan menggerakkan entitas kampus termasuk perpustakaan dengan cara menekan risiko dan berusaha meraih kesempatan yang lebih baik. Merdeka mengajar bagi dosen dan merdeka belajar bagi mahasiswa menjadi keharusan.
Negative Emotional State dan Cyberbullying Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Muzdalifah Fellianti , Deasyanti
Published: January 2021

Cyberbullying is a form of aggressive behavior by using telecommunications media with the aim of embarrassing, threatening, and intimidating certain parties. Cyberbullyings widely applied using mobile media, online chatting (whatsapp, LINE), e-mail, and also online social media such as Facebook, Instagram,or  to personal blogs. Cyberbullying evoked negative emotional states namely depression, anxiety, and stress in cyberbullies and cybervictimization. This study provided evidence indicating that college students who experienced in cyberbullying at least 1 week, either cyberbullies or cybervictimization had differences level of negative emotional states,namely depression, anxiety, and stress. The data collection was used the DASS-42 scale to measure negative emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress). The level of depression, anxiety, and stress were consisted of normal, mild, moderate, severe, and very severe. Meanwhile, Revised Cyber ​​Bullying Inventory-II (RCBI-II) was used to collect cyberbullying data and determined the role in cyberbullying (cyberbullies and cybervictimization). The respondents was 48 cyberbullies and 38 cybervictimization. The result showed that most of 51,1% total of cyberbullies and cybervictimization did not have depression and the rest had different levels of depression. Related to anxiety, cyberbullies showed that 52.1% cyberbullies did not have anxiety. Otherwise in cybervictimization, 28.9% did not have anxiety and another 28.9% were at anxiety levels.Then related to stress, most of 52,3% total of cyberbullies and cybervictimization did not have stress and the rest had different levels of stress.                                                         

Keywords: cyberbullying, negative emotional state, college students.
Catatan Editor: Penelitian dan Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi Covid-19, Serta Prosedur Telaah Teman- Sejawat di JPPP
Authors: Gumelar Gumgum , Ramadhany Vinna
Published: January 2021

Pada Catatan Editorial ini, Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengukuran Psikologi (JPPP) mencoba mengajak teman-teman peneliti yang memahami pandemic COVID-19 untuk dapat memberikan kontribusi nyata dalam kelimuan psikologi khususnya pada kesehatan mental pada dokter, ahli kesehatan dan para medis juga pasien dan keluarga yang terpapar virus tersebut. Selain itu juga dampak serius yang terjadi pada sektor pendidikan, yaitu pada siswa, guru, dan lembaga pendidikan. Perubahan dan transisi dari pembelajaran konvensional ke pembelajaran jarak jauh dan virtual perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus dalam penelitian-penelitian di bidang psikologi, khususnya psikologi pendidikan. Pada Catatan Editorial ini juga JPPP mencoba menjelaskan mengenai prosedur penelaahan teman sejawat yang dilakukan dalam proses penerbitan artikel dalam setiap volume yang akan terbit
Perbedaan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Ditinjau Dari Identifikasi Organisasi Guru SD PNS dan Honorer
Authors: Fitriana Zakia Nurul , Yusuf Munawir , Kirana Anggarini Fadjri
Published: January 2021

This study aims to find out: (1) differences of organizational citizenship behavior in terms of organizational identification in PNS and honorary elementary school teachers (2) differences of organizational citizenship behavior in terms of organizational identification  (3) differences of organizational citizenship behavior in PNS and honorary elementary school teachers. The population was elementary school teachers in Wonosari Subdistrict, using cluster random sampling, a minimum sample of Slovin preliminaries was received by 174 teachers. With a sample of 87 honorary and 89 PNS teachers, uses citizenship organizational behavior (α = 0.907) and organizational identification scale (α = 0.854). With two-way Anova hypothesis test, it was found that there was no difference in organizational citizenship behavior in terms of organizational identification in PNS and honorary teachers (F = 0.974; p> 0.05), there were differences of organizational citizenship behavior in terms of organizational identification ​​( F = 36.768; p <0.05), and there were no differences of organizational citizenship behavior in PNS and honorary teachers (F = 0.139; p> 0.05). The results of the additional analysis prove that there is no difference of organizational citizenship behavior in terms of years of service, gender, age, and salary.
Dietary optimisation of black gram (Vigna mungo) leaf meal as substitute for deoiled rice bran in the diet of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings
Authors: Sahoo Sraddhanjali , Jain Kamal K. , Sahu Narottam P. , Deo Ashutosh D. , Shamna N. , Patro Dharmaraj , Maiti Manas K.
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to evaluate the potential of black gram (Vigna mungo) leaf meal (BGLM) as a substitutet for deoiled rice bran (DORB) in the diet of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings. Four isonitrogenous (30% CP) and isocaloric (420 Kcal 100 g-1 gross energy) experimental diets were prepared to conduct the study with different inclusion levels of BGLM viz., control (0 BGLM; 30% DORB), LM10 (10% BGLM, 20% DORB), LM20 (20% BGLM, 10% DORB) and LM30 (30% BGLM, 0% DORB). One hundred forty-four fishes with an initial mean weight of 3.52±0.04 g were arbitrarily assigned to the indoor experimental tubs in triplicates for the 60 days experiment. Fish were fed with experimental diets to satiation twice daily. Percent weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in LM20 group than the other treatment groups (LM10 and LM30) showing no significant (p>0.05) difference with the control group. Among the digestive and metabolic enzyme activities, lipase, hepatic aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) levels were found to be higher in LM20 group compared to the other groups. The study concluded that BGLM can completely replace DORB in the diet of L. rohita. However, the best growth and metabolic performance can be achieved with the inclusion of 20% leaf meal.
Assessment of growth and production potential of Indian butter catfish Ompok bimaculatus as a substitute for mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala in polyculture of Indian major carps
Authors: Debnath Chandan , Dube Kiran , Saharan Neelam , Tiwari Virendra Kumar , Datta Mrinmoy , Sahoo Lopamudra
Published: January 2021

The growth and production of Indian butter catfish Ompok bimaculatus, popularly known as ‘pabda’ with Indian major carps (IMCs, catla, rohu and mrigal) was evaluated with an aim to introduce this fish into carp-based polyculture systems. Nine earthen ponds of similar dimensions were used for this study. The duration of culture was eight months and three species compositions, viz., catla, rohu and mrigal (4:3:3) (T1), with 100% replacement of mrigal with pabda (T2) and 50% replacement of mrigal with pabda (T3) were used. The overall fish stocking density was 7500 fingerlings per ha. The fish were fed with farm-made feed (21.8% CP) @ 2-4% of their body weight. Pabda attained highest growth and survival in T2 and the introduction of pabda did not affect the overall survival, growth and production of catla and rohu. It also did not affect the overall fish production in terms of quantity (p≥0.05) in all the treatments. The dietary overlapping indices between the co-habiting fishes were insignificant across the treatments except for pabda and mrigal in T3 (0.74). Thus, it is concluded that co-culture of pabda and IMCs is possible by replacing mrigal partially or fully to have a higher return in terms value from the carp-based culture system.
Quality assessment of fishes caught by single-day and multi-day gillnet fishing off Satpati Coast, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Devi Manoharmayum Shaya , Martin Xavier K.A. , Singh Asem Sanjit , Gladston Y. , Chakraborty S.K. , Shenoy Latha
Published: January 2021

The present investigation was aimed at elucidating the importance of freshness and quality for the consumer and its relationship to sensory and non-sensory properties of fish caught by single-day and multi-day gillnet fishing off Satpati Coast, Palghar District, Maharashtra, India. Selected species of marine fishes viz., Pampus argenteus, Ilisha filigera, Osteogeneiosus militaris, Thryssa mystax and Sardinella gibbosa from single-day and multi-day gillnet fishing trips were collected and assessed based on freshness score, microbiological and biochemical parameters. The average values of sensory score, total plate count (TPC) and pH for fish samples from single-day fishing were 25 to 26; 1.9×104 cfu g-1 to 7.3×104 cfu g-1 and 6.8 respectively, whereas for multi-day fishing, it was 12 to 17; 7.1×104 cfu g-1 to 1.8×105 cfu g-1 and 7.07 respectively. Significant difference (p<0.05) was observed for the values of pH, trimethyl amine (TMA), total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) between the fish samples from single-day and multi-day fishing for two species viz. T. mystax and I. filigera. The study indicated that fishes caught from both single-day and multi-day units were acceptable for human consumption. Results of the study provides insight into the quality aspects of fish landed by commercial fishing crafts by comparing single-day and multi-day fishing.
Allometric growth in larval and juvenile blackhead seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854) (Peciformes: Sparidae)
Authors: Hu Jing , Liu Yan , Yu Gang , Yang Changping , Shan Binbin , Liu Shengnan , Sun Dianrong
Published: January 2021

Allometric growth in larvae and juvenile blackhead seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854) was studied. In the larval head, snout length, snout-gill slit distance, interocular distance and mouth width showed positive allometric growth, while eye diameter and head height showed negative allometric growth. In the head of juveniles, interocular distance and mouth width showed negative allometric growth, while all other organs showed positive allometric growth. In larval body, body thickness showed positive allometric growth, while all other body parts showed negative allometric growth. In the juvenile body, caudal peduncle length, caudal peduncle height and body thickness showed positive allometric growth, while head length, body height, trunk length and tail length showed negative allometric growth. All of the larval swimming structures (the dorsal fins, pectoral fins, pelvic fins, anal fins and caudal fins) showed positive allometric growth. The rapid development of key organs in the blackhead seabream after the initiation of exogenous nutrition allows for a significant increase in viability with minimal metabolic loss. The information generated through this study can provide a framework for understanding how blackhead seabream responds developmentally to challenging external pressures during their early life.
Morphometric and meristic characters of Otolithoides pama (Hamilton, 1822) occurring in Hooghly-Matlah estuarine system of West Bengal, India
Authors: Bhakta Dibakar , Das Sudhir Kumar , Das Basanta Kumar , Nagesh T. S.
Published: January 2021

The present study analysed the morphometric and meristic characters of Otolithoides pama (Hamilton, 1822) collected from the Hooghly-Matlah estuarine system of West Bengal, India. A total of 618 specimens (298 males and 320 female) were collected during the period of 18 months from November 2016 to April 2018 with length ranging from 100-384 mm and weight 7.29-470.71 g, respectively. The analysis of 14 morphometric characters revealed that standard length has the fastest growth rate when compared to total length, while eye diameter has the lowest growth rate when compared with head length. A high degree of significant positive correlation with the ‘r’ values ranging from 0.978 to 0.997 was observed among different morphometric characters of O. pama. Among nine of the meristic counts, the coefficient of variation was found to be highest in anal fin rays (6.31%) and minimum in dorsal fin rays (1.12%). Based on the meristic counts, the fin formula of O. pama from the present study can be described as B. 7 , D. 9-10/1/44-45, P. i/16-17, V. 1/5 , A. 2/7-8, C. 19-21, L. 48-52. The number of gill rakers on the first left gill arch ranged from 19-21.
Finger millet as a carbon source for biofloc, improved growth performance of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) fingerlings
Authors: Nageswari P. , Verma A. K. , Gupta Subodh , Jeyakumari A.
Published: January 2021

A 90-days experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biofloc produced with different carbon sources on growth performances, survival and body indices of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fingerlings (average body weight: 6.4±0.05 g). The different carbon sources used in the experiment employing biofloc technology (BFT) were BFT-T (tapioca), BFT-S (sorghum), BFT-PM (pearl millet), BFT-FM (finger millet) and clear water with no addition of carbon source was treated as control. At the end of the experiment, significantly (p<0.05) higher weight gain (24.34±0.50 g), Specific growth rate, SGR (1.37±0.02% day-1); Feed efficiency ratio, FER (0.47±0.01); Protein efficiency ratio, PER (1.47±0.03) and lower Feed conversion ratio, FCR (2.12±0.03) were witnessed in the group where finger millet was used as a carbon source (BFTFM) and significantly lower responses were noticed in the control (CW). Results showed that there were no significantdifferences (p>0.05) in hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index of fish between the different experimental groups. During the termination of the experiment, no mortality was seen among the different experimental groups. Based on the results acquired from this study, finger millet could be used as an ideal carbon source for biofloc to augment the growth and productivity of P. hypophthalmus under farming.
Partial replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal and distillers dried grain solubles (DDGS) as alternative protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775) fingerlings
Authors: Bharathi S. , Antony Cheryl , Rajagopalsamy C. B. T. , Uma A. , Ahilan B. , Somu Sunder Lingam R. , Ferose Khan S. , Prabu E.
Published: January 2021

A 60 days feeding trial was conducted to investigate partial replacement of fishmeal (FM) with either soybean meal (SBM) or distillers dried grain solubles (DDGS) as alternative protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos fingerlings. Nine experimental diets were formulated with either fishmeal or with two alternative protein sources such as SBM or DDGS at three protein levels (35, 40 and 45%). Milkfish fingerlings (270 nos.) with mean length and weight of 5.24±0.03 cm, 1.25±0.05 g were selected for the study and in total there were 9 treatments in triplicates. The experimental diets were: F35 (35% CP - FM diet), F40 (40% CP - FM), F45 (45% CP - FM), FS35 (35% CP - FM + SBM), FS40 (40% CP - FM + SBM), FS45 (45% CP - FM + SBM), FD35 (35% CP - FM + DDGS), FD40 (40% CP - FM + DDGS), FD45 (45% CP - FM + DDGS). Diets incorporated with fishmeal alone served as control diet for this experiment. We observed that, final weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher for fishmeal based diet irrespective of the crude protein level. The same trend was observed for body weight gain for FM based diet. Specific growth rate (SGR) was found to be more than 2% per day for all the experimental diets fed fish and FD45 showed the lowest SGR compared to other treatment groups. Similarly FD45 had poor feed conversion ratio (FCR) when compared to other dietary groups. Survival rate of the fingerlings was found to be significantly higher for all FM diets (80%), FS35 (80%) and FD35 (80%) diet fed groups, whereas FD45 dietary group showed significantly lower survival rate (60%). Higher amylase activity was observed in F40 diet, higher lipase enzyme activity in FS 35 diet, while higher protease activity was recorded in F35 diet and the values showed significant difference (p<0.05) between different treatment groups. Results of the study, clearly indicate that soybean meal (FS35) could be used to partially replace the fishmeal in the diet of milkfish fingerlings.
Multilevel Multivariate Modelling of The Effect of Gender and Patient Co-morbidity on Spherocylindrical Refractive Outcome Following Cataract Surgery
Authors: Hughes Rahael , Aristodemou Petros , Sparrow John , Kaye Stephen
Published: January 2021

Purpose To investigate effects of co-morbidities on refractive outcomes following cataract surgery.Design Case series database studyMethods Study population: patients on UK national ophthalmic cataract database. Variables examined included gender, age, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, high myopia, inherited eye disease, optic nerve disease, uveitis, pseudoexfoliation, vitreous opacities, retinal pathology, cataract type, previous surgery and posterior capsular rupture. A multivariate normal cross-classified model was fitted to the refractive outcome using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods with diffuse priors to approximate maximum likelihood estimation. A MCMC chain was generated with a burn-in of 5000 iterations and a monitoring chain of 50,000 iterations. Main Outcome Measure Difference between postoperative and expected refractive outcome Results 490,987 cataract operations were performed on 351,864 patients by 2567 surgeons. Myopic and astigmatic errors were associated with female gender, glaucoma, previous trabeculectomy or vitrectomy, high myopia and increasing age. Hyperopic and astigmatic errors were associated with diabetic retinopathy, pseudoexfoliation and male sex. A large proportion of the unexplained variance in EERO was attributed to unobserved eye-level factors such as biometry measurements and IOL prediction formulae.Conclusions There was minimal variation between surgeons. Co-morbidities and gender accounted for small but significant differences significant differences in expected outcomes.
Integration of Metal-Organic Frameworks into a 3D Interconnected Network for Improved Ion Transport
Authors: Zeng Qinghan , Wang Jia , Li Xin , Ou Yangyuan , He Wenchao , Li Dixiong , Guo Sijia , Xiao Yingbo , Deng Haoyan , Gong Wei , Zhang Qi , Huang Shaoming
Published: January 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted intensive study as solid electrolytes (SEs) in recent years, especially on facilitating ion transport with functionalized channels. However, MOF particles work separately in SEs and numerous interfaces hinder the high-efficiency ion transport, which lowers the performance of solid-state batteries (SSBs) especially at high C-rate. Herein, we constructed continuous ion pathways by integration of MOFs into a 3D interconnected network. Particle arrays of a newly developed MOF (Zr-BPDC-2SO3H) which has single ion transport ability were grown on the bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers to provide a linear ion transport network. The interconnected MOFs network exhibits higher ionic conductivity of 7.88 × 10− 4 S cm− 1 at 25 ℃, single ion transport ability (ʈLi+=0.88), wide electrochemical window up to 5.15 V, excellent interface compatibility and capability for supressing lithium dendrites. Most importantly, the SSB fabricated with the interconnected MOFs network shows more than 100% improved specific capacity than the SSB without integration and stable cycling performance at 3 C. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of integrated design and paves new way for developing high-performance SEs based on porous ion conductors.
Dietary Acid Load and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Population-based Study
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Houshialsadat Zeinab , Bahadoran Zahra , Khalili‑Moghadam Sajjad , Shahrzad Mohammad Karim , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: January 2021

Background: Considering the established association between the dietary acid load and cardiovascular outcomes, as well as the existing inconstancies in the previous studies, we aimed to assess the association between the dietary acid load and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Methods: Eligible participants (n= 2369, 19- 70 years old, 43.5% men) with no cardiovascular diseases at baseline (2006-2008) were recruited and followed up for a mean period of 6.7 ± 1.4 years. Potential Renal Acid Load and Net Endogenous Acid Production, as the two indexes of dietary acid load, were calculated based on the macronutrient and micronutrient constitutions. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to report the association between tertiles of Potential Renal Acid Load and Net Endogenous Acid Production, and 6-years incident risk of cardiovascular diseases.Results: The mean age and body mass index of the participants were 38.5 ± 13.3 years and 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at baseline, respectively. The incident rate of cardiovascular diseases was reported as 3.3% (79 cases). No significant associations were detected between the Potential Renal Acid Load and the cardiovascular diseases incidence in the crude or the adjusted models (HRs= 0.63; CI: 0.36-1.17; P trend= 0.10). Meanwhile, the Net Endogenous Acid Production index was marginally significantly associated with the crude model (HR= 0.57; CI: 0.33-0.99, P trend= 0.048). Conclusions: Data from the current study were not in favor of an independent association between the dietary acid load and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases within the Iranian population.
Hyperhomogeneity of hydrogen-disordered ice and its origin: the residual entropy compatible with the disparity in hydrogen bond energy
Authors: Matsumoto Masakazu , Yagasaki Takuma , Tanaka Hideki
Published: January 2021

The residual entropy is one of the most crucial properties for the existence of a large number of ice polymorphs. The residual entropy has been estimated by Pauling assuming that there is no large difference between the hydrogen bond energies in ice. This simple model accurately predicts the entropy change of the phase transition between a hydrogen-disordered ice phase and its hydrogen-ordered counterpart. This fact is, however, incompatible with another fact that the difference in the pair interaction energies involved in hydrogen bonds in an ice phase can be larger than the thermal energy of a few kJ/mol. Here we propose a mechanism that reconciles them by considering the equality of the binding energy in each molecule rather than the pair interaction energy of the proximate pair. The topological feature of ice, called the ice rules, allows us to replace the interactions of a water molecule with the other individual molecules by that with the collections of the dipoles represented by directed cycles consisting of O-H vectors. This resummation reveals that molecular environments in ice are extremely homogeneous thereby providing a solid basis for Pauling's model.
Biomarkers Derived From Routine Blood Cell Counts Differentially Predict Disease-Free and Overall Survival After Neoadjuvant Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Rubovszky Gabor , Meszaros Norbert , Matrai Zoltan , Savolt Akos , Újhelyi Mihaly , Madaras Balazs , Ganofszky Erna , Pinter Tamas , Budai Barna
Published: January 2021

In recent years some serologic parameters emerged as potential prognostic factors. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has the most evidence; however, other serologic factors were also reported. The only established systemic treatment in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is chemotherapy which is preoperatively applied more widely. For these patients few data are available on which serologic markers would be the best predictor for disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Data of 137 TNBC patients treated (2005-2016) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our center were analyzed. Beyond pathological factors, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NE), lymphocyte (LY) and platelet (PL) counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were investigated. In univariate analysis, most parameters (NE1, LY1, NLR1, PLR1, SII1) measured at baseline and before the third cycle (NE3, LY3, etc.) of chemotherapy showed significant association with survival. After the exclusion of correlated variables, in multivariate analysis NLR1, Ki67 and pathological stage were independent predictors of DFS and OS. In an exploratory analysis new markers were found: dichotomization by NLR1xNLR3 and PL1/(PL3)2 resulted in significantly different DFS of patients with low and high NLR1, respectively. A high PL3xLY3 level was an exclusive marker of relapse after pathological complete remission.
Effect of Wall Shear Stress on Two Phase Fluctuating Flow of Dusty Fluids by Solving Light Hill Technique
Authors: khan Dolat , Rahman Ata ur , ali Gohar , kummam Poom
Published: January 2021

On the importance of wall shear stress effect and dust fluid in the fluid problems. The aim of this paper to discover the influence of wall shear stress on dust fluids of fluctuating flow. The flow is consider between two parallel plates which are non-conducting. Due to the transformation of heat the fluid flow is generated. We consider every dust particle having spherical uniformly disperse in the base fluid. The perturb solution is obtained by applying Poincare-Lighthill perturbation technique (PLPT). The fluid velocity along with shear stress is discussed for the different parameters like Grashof number, magnetic parameter, radiation parameter and dusty fluid parameter. Graphical results for fluid and dust particles are plotted through Mathcad-15. The behavior of base fluid and dusty fluid is matching for different embedded parameters.
Projected Increase in Fast-Growing and Slow-Dissipating El Niño Events in the 21st Century
Authors: Lopez Hosmay , Lee Sang-Ki , Kim Dongmin , Wittenberg Andrew , Yeh Sang-Wook
Published: January 2021

Future changes in the seasonal evolution of El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the onset and decay phases have received little attention by the research community. This work investigates the projected changes in the spatio-temporal evolution of El Niño events in the 21st Century (21C) using a large ensemble simulation of a couple general circulation model under anthropogenic forcing. Here we show that El Niño is projected to (1) initiate sooner in boreal spring, (2) to grow at a faster rate, (3) to persist longer over the eastern and far eastern Pacific, and (4) to have a broader impact on remote teleconnections. Significant changes in the tropical Pacific mean state, dominant feedback processes, and a projected increase in stochastic westerly wind burst forcing largely explain the fast growing and slow dissipating El Niño in the late 21C. Important implications of these findings are that the global climate impacts are projected to become more significant and persistent, owing to the extended persistence of El Niño.
Survival Analysis of 335 Patients With Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Combined Treatment 
Authors: Roshani Daem , Moradi Ghobad , Rasouli Mohammad
Published: January 2021

Introduction: If colorectal cancer (CRC) is diagnosed in the early stages, the patients will have higher survival rates. Although there might be some other factors which affect the survival rate, the kind of treatment available based on existing health and therapeutic facilities, is very important as well. The aim of this study was to explore the best type of treatment in colorectal cancer patients.Methods: The data of 335 patients with CRC in Kurdistan province were collected using population-based cancer registration system from first of March 2009 to 2014. Demographic and clinical- pathologic data of the patients were gathered through their medical and pathology records and going to the door of their houses. The cancer-specific survival rate were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival curve, log-rank test, univariate and multivariate Cox regression. The data was analyzed using Stata 12 software. Results: One-year, three-year and five-year survival rates were %87, %57 and %33 respectively. The median of survival was 42.6 months. The five-year survival rate for those patients who had received both surgical and chemotherapy treatments was %55.8. There was less mortality rate among the patients who had received both surgical and chemotherapy treatments compared to those who had not received any treatment (HR=0.57, 95% CI 0.24-0.93).Conclusion: When CRC patients are treated using both surgical and chemotherapy treatments, they will have higher survival rate. Therefore, it is suggested to use both treatments for CRC patients.
‘Attitudes Towards Sport Psychology Consulting in Athletes From Individual and Team Sports’
Authors: Rooney Daire , Heron Neil , Jackson Robin
Published: January 2021

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate how an athlete’s participation in either an individual or team sport is related to their attitude toward sport psychology consulting and their willingness to consult a sport psychology practitioner. Method: The Sport Psychology Attitudes-Revised form (SPA-R) was completed by one hundred and twenty athletes from individual and team sports. A 2 (Type of sport: individual and team) x 2 (Gender) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted with attitudes towards sport psychology as dependent variables. In order to identify attitudes that accentuated the differences related to type of sport, follow-up univariate analyses were performed. Results: Results revealed that athletes involved in individual sports reported overall more positive attitudes towards sport psychology consulting than athletes involved in team sports. In particular, the athletes involved in individual sports were more likely to have greater confidence in sport psychology consulting. The findings also show that gender may mediate this association, indicated by a nearly significant two-way interaction effect for gender and type of sport (individual versus team) regarding confidence in sport psychology. The source of this marginal result was a larger effect of sport type for females than for males. Conclusions: The findings of this study imply that athletes involved in individual sports are more likely to have positive attitudes towards sport psychology compared to athletes competing in team-based sports. The results may go some way to assist sport psychologists to understand and address athletes’ concerns and to improve receptivity to sport psychology services.