bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reformy Mariusza, czyli długie trwanie historiograficznego mitu
Authors: Faszcza Michał Norbert
Published: July 2021

Większość autorów piszących o tzw. reformach Mariusza nie zadaje sobie trudu, aby prześledzić proces kształtowania się poświęconego im dyskursu. Tymczasem zwrócenie uwagi na sposób prezentowania tego zagadnienia przez dziewiętnastowiecznych badaczy dostarcza dodatkowych argumentów służących poparciu przekonania o błędności wizji zakorzenionej w literaturze tematu. Zważywszy na fakt, że żaden z antycznych autorów nie wspomniał o przeprowadzeniu reform przez Mariusza, teoria ta opiera się na twórczej interpretacji kilku passusów zaczerpniętych z zachowanych przekazów antycznych. Z czasem sugestywna wizja przedstawiona przez C.C.L. Langego została podniesiona dzięki autorytetowi jego epigonów (Wilhelm Rüstow, Hans Delbrück, Georg Veith) do rangi dogmatu i uznana za ostatecznie dowiedzioną, choć jej autor w pełni zdawał sobie sprawę ze spekulatywności własnych rozważań. Postępujący zanik znajomości języka niemieckiego dodatkowo przyczynił się do marginalizacji poglądów badaczy tworzących na przełomie XIX i XX w. Po zakończeniu II wojny światowej dokonano dekonstrukcji przekonania o istnieniu reform Mariusza, choć argumenty przedstawione przez jego krytyków wydają się dalece niepełne bez uwzględnienia jednej z najważniejszych przesłanek wynikającej z analizy historiograficznej, a mianowicie drogi prowadzącej do pojawienia się przekonania o istnieniu reform Mariusza w dziełach poświęconych dziejom starożytnego Rzymu.
The Polish and Jewish People in the Work of Peasant Self-Government in the Right-Bank Ukraine in the Second Half of the 19th and the Beginning of the 20th Centuries
Authors: Melnychuk Kateryna
Published: July 2021

Zniesienie pańszczyzny w 1861 r. było początkiem globalnych przemian, dotyczących podziału administracyjnego imperium. Zgodnie z nowym podziałem w województwach kijowskim, podolskim i wołyńskim najniższą jednostką terytorialną była „gmina wiejska” (hromada terytorialna), najwyższą – włość. Zarządzaniem gminami wiejskimi zajmowały się organy samorządu wiejskiego – zarząd włości i wsi, które tworzyli i zapewniali ich działalność chłopi (członkowie hromady). Jednak oprócz spraw hromady, ustawodawca zobowiązał samorząd wiejski do pełnienia szeregu funkcji niezbędnych w zarządzaniu publicznym (skarbowa, prawna, policyjna, statystyczna, oświatowa). Więc, administracje chłopskie zostały faktycznie najniższym ogniwem w hierarchii zarządzania publicznego. Samodzielność samorządu wiejskiego ograniczały uchwały i okólniki Ministerstwa Spraw Wewnętrznych, Generał-gubernatora, gubernatora, komisarze prowincjonalni ds. obecności oraz mediatora. Nawet dobór kadr dla instytucji samorządu wiejskiego odbywał się z uwzględnieniem szeregu ograniczeń przewidzianych w „Przepisach o uwolnieniu chłopów od pańszczyzny” z 1861 r.

Cechą szczególną Ukrainy Prawobrzeżnej było zróżnicowanie narodowe regionu, na drugim miejscu po Ukraińcach byli Żydzi, na trzecim Polacy. Znaczna część przedstawicieli narodowości polskiej i żydowskiej żyła w środowisku chłopskim, więc pojawił się problem ich udziału w działalności samorządu wiejskiego. Aby uniemożliwić „obcym” (nie członkom hromady, osobom innej wiary) zajmowanie ważnych stanowisk w administracjach wiejskich, wprowadzano lokalne ograniczenia. Jednak stanowisko pisarza urzędowego pozostawało stosunkowo dostępne dla osób pragnących pracować we włości lub w zarządzie wsi.

Proponowane badanie dotyczy problemu obsady kadrowej i obecności przedstawicieli narodowości polskiej i żydowskiej w samorządach wiejskich w południowo-zachodnim regionie Cesarstwa Rosyjskiego w drugiej połowie XIX i na początku XX w. Scharakteryzowano kolejność rotacji pracowników administracji wiejskich, ich wykształcenie, poziom profesjonalizmu, warunki pracy i płacy. Opisano niektóre przypadki służby Żydów i Polaków w charakterze pisarzy urzędowych w administracjach wiejskich.
Językowy (?) obraz przeszłości (?), czyli o tym, co się kryje za narracją historyczną…
Authors: Woźniak Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule poruszam problemy związane z konsekwencjami tzw. „zwrotu językowego” dla refleksji nad szeroko rozumianą narracją historyczną. W uwagach o charakterze ogólnym wskazuję przyczyny zmian jakie się dokonały (i wciąż dokonują) na gruncie historiografii/pisarstwa historycznego, przede wszystkim tych związanych z uwzględnieniem nieklasycznego podejścia – opartego na odmiennych do klasycznych/tradycyjnych założeniach – do języka opowieści historycznej/pisarstwa historycznego/historiografii, oraz związanych z tym skutków dla praktyki badawczej historyków. Wskazuję przy tym, że jedną z (możliwych) dróg służących wyjaśnieniu zmian jakie dokonały się na gruncie historiografii w ostatnich dekadach, będących w gruncie rzeczy rezultatem dyskusji/refleksji nad fundamentami poznania (naukowego), jest/może być odniesienie do swoistej rywalizacji między obiektywistycznym i konstruktywistycznym modelem poznania. Mocno upraszczając problem argumentuję, że jednym z istotniejszych, a w efekcie także znaczących elementów sporu między obiektywistycznym modelem poznania i konstruktywistycznym modelem poznania, była dyskusja/refleksja nad rolą języka w poznaniu (w tym w poznawaniu przeszłości). Zakładam, że możliwe odpowiedzi – jeśli uznać, że tytuł artykułu jest pytaniem – są uzależnione od złożonej koncepcji kultury oraz języka, a zainteresowanie historyków językiem narracji, przesunęło zainteresowania badaczy z „rekonstrukcji przeszłości” na rzecz językowych (język szeroko rozumiany jako kod kultury) obrazów dziejów. Zainteresowanie badaczy „obrazami przeszłości”/„językowymi obrazami przeszłości”, nie tylko pozwoliło dostrzec i poddać refleksji ograniczenia wiedzy historycznej (także w celu ich identyfikacji i marginalizacji), czy zracjonalizować przyjmowane (świadomie lub nie) założenia/przesądy, ale jednocześnie otworzyło naukę historyczną w kierunku nowych obszarów badawczych, poszerzając tym samym horyzont poznawczy historiografii.
Kilka uwag i wątpliwości na marginesie wojennej biografii germanofila polskiego (Piotr Zychowicz, Germanofil. Władysław Studnicki – Polak, który chciał sojuszu z III Rzeszą, Dom Wydawniczy Rebis, Poznań 2020, ss. 648)
Authors: Orzełek Ariel
Published: July 2021

W 2020 r. ukazała się książka Piotra Zychowicza poświęcona działalności Władysława Studnickiego w latach II wojny światowej. Publikacja ta oparta została na szerokiej bazie źródłowej, jej celem zaś była nie tylko analiza, ale i apologia koncepcji Studnickiego, który w 1939 r. i w czasie wojny wzywał do ugody polsko-niemieckiej. Zychowicz, podobnie jak Studnicki, lekceważy istotę hitleryzmu, jego imperialne cele, dla obrony swych tez stosuje często metodę myślenia życzeniowego, z wielu hipotetycznych scenariuszy wybierając autorytatywnie ten najbardziej korzystny dla swoich poglądów. Widoczne jest to zwłaszcza w przypadku przewidywania przebiegu wojny i jej skutków w konfiguracji, w której Polska jest sojusznikiem III Rzeszy. Niemniej publikacja Zychowicza to książka potrzebna, która powinna wzbudzić spory o ocenę polityki Józefa Becka, rządu polskiego na wychodźstwie i polskiego podziemia w latach wojny.
Prawo rzymskie to nie tylko Digesta. Kilka uwag nad książką Łukasza Jana Korporowicza „Prawo rzymskie w Anglii w XVIII wieku. Nauczanie, studia, nauka”
Authors: Tulejski Tomasz
Published: July 2021

Polish research on Roman law is traditionally concerned first of all on the private law and its reception in European legal systems. However, very few publications deal with the role Roman law played on the British Isles. One of the important exceptions is Łukasz Jan Korporowicz’s research from the University of Lodz. This article analyzes his last book entitled Prawo rzymskie w Anglii w XVIII wieku. Nauczanie, studia, nauka. It describes the system of teaching Roman law in England in the 18th century and the role that graduates of Roman studies at Oxbridge played in English society at the time. First of all, the pioneering nature of reviewed work was indicated, as a similar one has not yet been published not only in Poland, but also in the world. By analyzing the subsequent parts of the book, their critical analysis was made and its strong and weaker elements were indicated. The conclusions indicate a very high scientific level of the reviewed book.
The Council of Europe Activity for Culture
Authors: Chyc Aleksandra
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to issues related to the activities of the Council of Europe for culture. The aim of the study was to show that the Council of Europe is an important international organization. The author analyzed the literature on the subject devoted to the Council of Europe, and characterized the legal achievements of this organization and its activities in the field of culture. Initiatives and cultural projects of the Council of Europe were discussed. A thesis has been put forward that the Council of Europe is a significant international organization which protects the cultural heritage of Europe. The functions of the Council of Europe and its importance as an organization operating in the field of culture, as well as guarding the acquis communautaire and principles based on the rule of law, democracy and respect for human rights, were analyzed. The article is a synthetic presentation of the role of the Council of Europe in the international arena. It presents, i.a., the ongoing discussion about the crisis of international organizations and shows the significant importance of the Council of Europe in shaping appropriate international relations in Europe.
Keçi Sütünde Isıl İşlem Sonrası Melatonin Seviyeleri: Total Protein İlişkisi
Authors: DAĞ Medine , PEKER Pinar , KAZAK Filiz , BAŞPINAR Nuri
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada, pastörizasyon (72 °C'de 15 saniye) ve kaynatma işlemlerinin (100 °C'de 5 dakika) keçi sütü melatonin ve total protein seviyeleri üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada Hatay ilinde özel bir çiftliğe ait 20 adet sağlıklı keçiden (10 Halep, 10 Kilis keçisi) alınan sütler kullanıldı. Her bir süt örneği çiğ süt, pastörizasyon işlemi (72 °C'de 15 saniye) ve kaynatma işlemi (100 °C'de 5 dakika) için eşit şekilde bölünerek, 3 grup oluşturuldu. Sütlerin melatonin düzeyleri ticari ELISA kiti ile, total protein düzeyleri spektrofotometrik olarak manuel yöntemlerle belirlendi. Kaynamış süt grubu (4.20 ± 0.39 pg ml-1) melatonin seviyelerinin, çiğ süt (3.19 ± 0.25 pg ml-1) örneklerine kıyasla yüksek olduğu belirlendi (P
Feed Quality of New Sudan Grass Varieties
Authors: KAPUSTİN Sergey , VOLODİN Alexander , KAPUSTİN Andrey , SAMOKISH Nikolay
Published: July 2021

The present investigation was conducted to determine the feed quality of New Sudan grass varieties. On average, the highest plant height was found in Sudan grass variety Nika (274 cm) in 2019-2020. These rates in Sputnitsa and Aleksandrina were loer by 23 and 30 cm, respectevely. The yield of green matter after two cuts in the new variety Nika was 41.0 t ha-1 and 9.59 t ha-1 of hay. These rates in the recognized varieties varied in the range of 35.0-36.0 t ha-1 and 7.98-8.28 t ha-1. The maximum protein content for varieties Nika, Sputnitsa standard and Aleksandrina were 13.72%, 11.33%, and 11.72%, respectevely. The fiber content in the air-dry matter was 25.20% in Nika, 26.01% in Sputnitsa and 26.03% in Aleksandrina. When determining the presence of metabolizable energy in sheep feed, it was found that the variety Nika contained 2.03 MJ, Aleksandrina – 1.96 MJ, Sputnitsa – 1.90 MJ in 1 kg of green matter. The new variety Nika also had similar maximum rate in 1 kg of hay and amounted to 8.79 MJ. Among the studied varieties of Sudan grass, the most significant amino acid content was also obtained in the variety Nika. The maximum rate of asparagine and glutamic acids in the air-dry matter of this variety was 1.84% and 1.38%, respectively. The dry matter of the variety Nika contains high level (0.5-1.0%) of the amino acids proline, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine, and lysine. A significant amount of threonine, serine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and arginine amino acids (0.3-0.5%) was obtained in the air-dry matter of Sudan grass. The content of methionine and histidine amino acids in hay was low (less than 0.27%).
A Systematic Review of the Quality of Reporting in Mathematics
Meta-Analyses for Students with or at Risk of Disabilities Coding Protocol
Authors: Nelson Gena
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this document is to provide readers with the coding protocol that
authors used to code 22 meta-analyses focused on mathematics interventions for students
with or at-risk of disabilities. The purpose of the systematic review was to evaluate
reporting quality in meta-analyses focused on mathematics interventions for students
with or at risk of disabilities. To identify meta-analyses for inclusion, we considered
peer-reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2020; we searched five education-focused
electronic databases, scanned the table of contents of six special education journals,
reviewed the curriculum vitae of researchers who frequently publish meta-analyses in
mathematics and special education, and scanned the reference lists of meta-analyses that
met inclusion criteria. To be included in this systematic review, meta-analyses must have
reported on the effectiveness of mathematics-focused interventions, provided a summary
effect for a mathematics outcome variable, and included school-aged participants with
or at risk of having a disability. We identified 22 meta-analyses for inclusion. We coded
each meta-analysis for 53 quality indicators (QIs) across eight categories based on
recommendations from Talbott et al. (2018). Overall, the meta-analyses met 61% of QIs and
results indicated that meta-analyses most frequently met QIs related to providing a clear
purpose (95%) and data analysis plan (77%), whereas meta-analyses typically met fewer QIs
related to describing participants (39%) and explaining the abstract screening process (48%).
We discuss the variation in QI scores within and across the quality categories and provide
recommendations for future researchers so that reporting in meta-analyses may be enhanced.
Limitations of the current study are that grey literature was not considered for inclusion
and that only meta-analyses were included; this limits the generalizability of the results
to other research syntheses (e.g., narrative reviews, systematic reviews) and publication
types (e.g., dissertations).
Analysis of Gender Differences in Digital Game-Based Language Learning for Thai Language Learning Affection, Cognition and Progress Performance
Authors:   Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan, Wang Chih-Mei , Hong Jon-Chao , Ye Jian-Hong , Ye Jhen-Ni , Watthanapas Nitiwat
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to use a Shaking Fun App with learning assessment and ranking learning as a teaching tool to allow Thai learning beginners to have digital game-style language learning, and to explore the gender differences in the perception of the cognitive and affective factors of the participants and the performance of gameplay progress based on the cognitive-affective theory of learning with media and embodying learning theory. In this study, a total of 246 Thai language learning beginners taking basic Thai (I) courses in 2 universities and 1 university of science and technology in northern Taiwan were invited to participate in the study. After those who dropped out were deducted and invalid data was deleted, there were 202 effective study participants including 82 males (40.6%) and 120 females (59.4%), and the effective recovery rate was 82.1%. After the reliability and validity analyses with SPSS 23.0, and the item analysis with AMOS 20.0, the gender differences were analyzed. The results showed that: there were indeed significant differences in participants of different genders in terms of gameplay flow, test anxiety and gameplay progress performance, but there was no significant difference in the continuance gameplay intention. In addition, using the Shaking Fun App for multiple weeks of DGBLL can indeed help learners to improve their game performance (Thai grammar).
Islamophobia and the Challenges of Muslims in Contemporary Eropean Union Countries: Case Studies from Austria, Belgium, and Germany
Authors: Wildan Muhammad , Husein Fatimah
Published: July 2021

In the last two decades, the Muslim population in Western Europe has grown in unprecedented ways. At the broader regional level, there are approximately 25 million Muslims living in European Union member states as of 2016, which is estimated to increase to 35 million by 2050. The arrival of Muslims from various countries in the Middle East, Africa, and the Balkans has brought about significant changes and issues socially, economically, as well as politically. Undeniably, some phenomena of discrimination and Islamophobia arise in almost all EU countries in various aspects of public life such as hijâb clothing, building mosques, and housing. Using a qualitative approach and field research, this article explores not only the historical accounts of the presence of Islam in several EU countries, but also the relations between Islam and the state. This research presents several cases of discrimination and Islamophobia and the internal dynamics within the Muslim communities as to the challenges of living in completely different atmosphere. Three countries, namely Austria, Belgium, and Germany are chosen to represent European Union countries. This study contributes to the discourse on the integration of Muslims in European culture and to the way EU countries could involve Muslims in constructing European Islam.
Investigating the Effect of Addition of Olive Husk Ash on Asphalt Binder Properties
Authors: Khedaywi Taisir S. , Haddad Madhar A. , Al Qadi Arabi N.S. , Al-Rababa'ah Owies A.
Published: July 2021

Flexible pavement is the preferred pavement type in construction of roads and highways. A huge amount of non-renewable materials and industrial products like Olive Husk Ash (OHA), aggregates, bitumen, cement, lime, and other additives are used during the construction and maintenance of the pavement system. Needless to say, the extraction and production of these materials are unmaintainable. Moreover, the wastage of materials, the worsening environmental conditions, the insufficient resources, and the increasing cost of material urged the researchers to look for alternative materials that can be used in flexible pavement. Jordan as many other Mediterranean countries produces a substantial amount of olive oil every year, which in turn produces an enormous amount of olive waste that could lead to environmental problems. Up to now, there is no efficient or certain way in which olive oil waste could be handled or used except that it is sometimes used for heating purposes. The current research aims to evaluate the effects of Olive Husk Ash (OHA) on asphalt binder properties such as penetration ductility, softening point, fire and flashpoint, and specific gravity. In the current research, OHA is used as an additive (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of asphalt-cement. Tests on OHA-asphalt binder properties are conducted and results are reported. Results of experimentation and analyses indicate that increasing OHA content in the asphalt-cement binder has resulted in a reduction of both penetration and ductility and an increase in specific gravity, softening point, and fire and flashpoint.
Development of Impregnated Diamond Bit with Primary and Secondary Abrasives Based on Matrix Weakening Theory
Authors: Zhang Guofa , Jiang Haidong
Published: July 2021

Along with economic advancement, diamond bit is widely used in mine exploration and engineering geological investigation. To reduce the cost of impregnated diamond bit and improve its drilling efficiency in highly abrasive formation, this paper designs a diamond bit based on matrix weakening theory, and prepares the matrix from high-grade diamond abrasives and SiC particles. Through theoretical calculation, diamond bits were designed with six different formulas of diamond concentrations and weakened SiC particle concentrations. The theoretical analysis shows that the weakened SiC particle concentration fell within 0-50%; the number of diamond particles dropped from 750,115 to 375,150, saving the diamond cost by 50%. To further explore the life, drilling efficiency, and working mechanism of diamond bit, the apparent form of bit materials was analyzed through field tests, using EPMA-1720 electron probe microanalyzer and GENSIS60 energy spectrometer. The field tests show that: the proposed bit, with 35% of matrix skeleton and 65% of bonding metal, improved the drilling efficiency of ordinary impregnated diamond bit by 68%, while reducing the service life by merely 30%. The apparent form analysis shows that: In the diamond bit designed by matrix weakening theory, the weakened SiC particles could easily fall off the matrix surface, leaving recoverable pits on the surface. The non-smooth form weakens the abrasion resistance of the matrix, reduces the contact area between the crown of the drill bit and the rock surface at the hole bottom, and increases the pressure of the crown on the rock per unit area. The fallen wakened particles participate in the abrasion of the matrix at the hole bottom, improve the grinding ability of the rock powder at hole bottom, and promote the protrusion of new diamond particles in the matrix.
Rediscovering the Tradition of Painted Caribou Belongings in Eeyou Istchee: A Community-Based and Community-Led Research Project
Authors:   Aanischaaukamikw Cree Cultural Institute, Orr Margaret , Mukash Natasia , Menarick Paula
Published: July 2021

One of the core programming goals at Aanischaaukamikw Cree Cultural Institute is to rediscover, relearn, and reintroduce the traditions of our historic belongings through the display, study, and research of belongings currently cared for by museums outside our region. In 2017, we received funding from the Canada Council of the Arts for a multi-year research and knowledge creation project, "Rediscovering the Tradition of Painted Caribou Coats in Eeyou Istchee." Our project brought Eeyou knowledge together with surviving examples of painted caribou coats and accessories from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries usually referred to, and classified as, "Naskapi" by museums and "experts" outside our region.
Environmental Mental Models of Primary School Students: Are They Related to Gender and Grade Level?
Authors: ÇALIŞ Duygu , BALCI Sibel
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the mental models of primary school students about the concept of environment. The research group consisted of 400 students, 219 girls and 181 boys, enrolling to the 3rd and 4th grade in a primary school located in İstanbul. The students were asked to draw the environment and explain the items they draw. Students’ drawings were converted into quantitative data and scored with Draw an Environment Test-Rubric. When the drawings were examined, it was found that there are 110 different items related to the concept of environment. These items include biotic elements such as humans, different kinds of animals and plants, as well as abiotic elements such as sun, cloud, rain and sea. It was seen that there are also elements of artificial environment such as houses, cars, schools, factories and roads. Mann-Whitney U Test was used in statistical comparisons to determine the difference between the total scores obtained from the drawings according to grade level and gender. While there was a significant difference between the scores of the 3rd and 4th grade students (MD3rd grade=189,46 n=200, MD4th grade =211,54 n=200, U=17792, p=.04), no significant difference was found in the comparisons made according to the gender (MDgirls=205,92 n=219, MDboys=193,94 n=181, U=18632,50, p=.29). The drawings showed that the majority of the students do not see humans as a part of the environment and they have unscientific and missing mental models about the environment.
Implementation of the Role of Social Research Report in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System
Authors: Susilowati Henny , Ariyani Wiwit
Published: July 2021

Children as members of the next generation need to be protected. In the juvenile justice system, children are entitled to legal protection, both in the context of their position as children in conflict with the law (i.e. as criminals) and as victims or witnesses of crime. The laws of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System have been arranged to require the judge to consider the Social Research Report (SRR) given by community advisors before the verdict. The purpose of the study is to explain the benefits of Social Research Reports for children in conflict with the law and the constraints faced in preparing them. The experiment was conducted using an empirical juridical approach by promoting the use of primary data and was supported by secondary data. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that SRR preparation is very beneficial for children in conflict with the law. It contains conditions that explain the relationship between the condition of the offender and the committed criminal act so that it can be the basis of consideration for law enforcement officers in making the best decision for the children.
Keywords: Social Research Report (SRR), Community Advisors (CA), children in conflict with the law
Learning Based on Research and Community Service
Authors: Indaryani Mamik , Lusianti Dina
Published: July 2021

This article discusses how to maintain the work of lecturers in order to remain novel, namely by designing teaching materials and learning processes around the results of research and dedication, called the “Tri Darma” of Higher Education. This is a solution that demands teaching materials that prioritize lecturer competence according to the field, by proportionally building the performance of Tri Darma. It is based on a real lecturer’s experience and activities, relevant to the problems of society in the environment where the lecturer works. The results of research and community service are also useful for enriching teaching materials so that students will be able to understand significant differences between theory and reality. This study is an empirical examination from the author during his time as a lecturer and focuses on research and learning activities proportionally. It indicates that lecturers can obtain up-to-date teaching materials to support the theory presented. This solution is very important because of how students and lecturers can quickly obtain open information from various sources. Lecturers should not overlook the problem by performing shortcuts from existing internet-based sources. Lecturers have strategies available to them that have novelty in learning, both related to problem-solving and relevance to theory.

Keywords: novelty, teaching materials, learning, research and dedication, Tri Darma
Students' Perception of the Application of Portfolio Assessment during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Syafei Muh , Mujiyanto Januarius , Yuliasri Issy , Pratama Hendi
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has widely affected the administration of teaching, assessments, and the learning process at large. Online learning has been used predominantly during the pandemic. While portfolio assessment has empirically demonstrated a couple of positive points, investigations into the use of portfolio assessment during the Covid-19 pandemic can be hardly found. At the Department of English Education of Universitas Muria Kudus (EED UMK), Language Assessment Course administers the portfolio assessment consisting of (1) an individual summary of the language assessment concepts/theories, (2) group work to analyze facial and content validity, (3) group work to analyze test objects (focus tendency (mean, median, median, mode, and standard deviation, difficulty index, distinctive character, distractor effectiveness) and test reliability), and (4) individual work on developing a language test. This study aims to describe students’ perceptions of the portfolio assessment at EED UMK during the pandemic. Using an open-ended questionnaire, students will examine the consistency, benefits, and benefits of using portfolio assessment. Through the narrative analysis, the results show that most of the students (86%) express their consent to using Portfolio Scoring for reasons such as compliance with health protocols, process-oriented, active learning, better organization, time flexibility, and self-initiated learning. The results imply that the portfolio assessment made it easier for students to study online while following health protocols during the pandemic. Portfolio assessment also provides flexibility in maintaining the teaching and learning process, which is either synchronous or asynchronous during the pandemic.

Keywords: portfolio, assessment, students’ perceptions, covid 19 pandemic
Competitive Advantages and Strategies of the Brown Sugar Industry in Purbalingga
Authors: Putri Rahmi Hayati , Budiningsih Sulistyani
Published: July 2021

The objectives of this study were a) to determine the competitive advantage of the brown sugar industry based in the sub-district Mrebet, Purbalingga; b) to identify internal factors of the environment (strengths-weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities– threats) that affect the industry’s empowerment and competitive advantage; and c) to find the best strategy for its empowerment and competitive advantage. This research was conducted in the sub-district of Mrebet, which was chosen using purposive sampling because of its potency of local resources and the presence of the brown sugar industry within it. This was descriptive quantitative and qualitative research. The research sample was determined purposively, and consisted of 20 households who were considered to be representative. The formulation of strategies for empowerment and competitive advantage of the brown sugar industry were analyzed using SWOT analysis. The results showed that the average unit cost of competitiveness measured by the indicator of domestic price was 0.46. This means, to produce 1 kg of brown sugar, the farmer spends 46% of its selling price. The strategy to be applied for the brown sugar industry in the sub-district is the Aggressive Strategy.
Keywords: advantage, brown sugar, competitive, strategy
An Analysis of Game Difficulty in ˋˋGame Panjol''
Authors: Khotimah Tutik , Pratiwi Ika Ari , Fardani Much Arsyad
Published: July 2021

“Game Panjol” is an educational game that was developed by the researchers of this study. The educational theme discussed in this game is the diversity of ethnic groups and cultures in Indonesia for fourth grade elementary school students. This adventure game has a mission to save friends from different tribes and cultures. The purpose of this study was to determine the difficulty of this game. First the game difficulty was identified from the point of view of the game designers. Next, the game was tested with respondents and its difficulty was analysed from the players’ perspective. From the point of view of the game designer, this game is divided into 3 levels, which are easy, medium, and hard. The difficulty levels is based on the number and weight of obstacles in the game. From the point of view of the game player, the difficulty level is determined by the number of times their attempts are successful, how long it takes to finish, how many coins are earned, and how many friends are saved. For the 14 respondents, the success of the rescue mission at each level was 100%, while the collection of coins at easy, medium, and hard levels was 88.124%, 89.881%, and 80.382% respectively. Based on the comparison between the average number of trials and the maximum number of trials, each level is 20.476%, 28.151%, and 30.357%.

Keywords: adventure, education, game
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DIGITAL GREEN CERTIFICATE (COVID PASSPORT) AS A KEY ICT PROJECT IN THE EUROPEAN UNION – A SCIENTIFIC COMMENT
Authors: Kubiczek Jakub
Published: July 2021

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the closure of the borders have slowed down progressive internationalization. Travel not only consists of tourist trips but also business trips. This comment emphasizes the necessity to implement The Digital Green Certificate (Covid passport) and presents the process of its implementation as a complex project on an international scale. The considerations summarize that the implementation of the Covid passport will be successful when the negative impact the pandemic has on travel is eliminated and the number of travelers returns to the level before the restrictions were introduced.
Empowering destinations after-COVID. Boosting confidence through the SDGs application and the ‘glocal’ development
Authors: Gómez Punzón Jonatan
Published: July 2021

Nos enfrentamos a la situación más ines­perada en la industria de viajes y turismo: un cierre de la industria con fronteras cerradas, confinamientos de ciudades en­teras, etc. (Qiu et al., 2020). En este trabajo queremos compartir una forma adecuada de empoderar a los destinos después de la crisis provocada por la covid-19. Para poder salir de esta etapa de crisis de seguridad y sanitaria, es realmente necesa­ria una colaboración profunda entre todos los actores, desde el sector público hasta la empresa privada turística, por muy pequeña que sea, e involucrar a los ciudadanos lo­cales y a los diferentes colectivos sociales. Esta colaboración debe basarse en un clima de confianza común que cree las bases para la recuperación pensando en un paradigma global, pero actuando a nivel local. Esta colaboración debe, a su vez, inspirarse y actuar a partir la aplicación de los ODS, sin dejar a nadie atrás, ni a los profesionales del sector turístico ni a los movimientos socia­les que han surgido a raíz de esta pandemia. Es hora de utilizar esta visión “glocal” para fortalecer los destinos.
Pactos de deuda sostenible: un mecanismo de reestructuración de cara a una crisis empresarial
Authors: Breci Ramírez Miguel , Moncayo Santacruz Daniel
Published: July 2021

El Decreto 560 de 2020 trae dentro de sí unas figuras a las que él mismo denomina “Mecanismos de alivio financiero y reactivación empresarial” donde se en­cuentran instituciones como lo son la capitalización y la descarga de pasivos y, la figura que a través de esta investigación se procederá a analizar, los Pactos de Deuda Sostenible. Para esto haremos un análisis con figuras análogas que se encuentran en nuestro ordenamiento logrando así aproximarnos a su natu­raleza jurídica para concluir con la identificación de los rasgos característicos que permitan distanciarse de sus semejantes. Por tal motivo, tomaremos los acuerdos que la Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia ha denominado como mecanismos de reestructuración del crédito, instituciones como lo son la Novación, las quitas de deudas y las Condonaciones. Mecanismos que la misma entidad ha catalogado y reconocido como herramientas que permiten superar las dificultades de los deudores para lograr la atención regular de sus obligaciones, permitiendo así la realización de un examen mucho más preciso con atención a los Pactos de Deuda Sostenible como se verá a continuación.
Effects of Manganese on Yield and Yield Attributing Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors:   Department of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785013 (Assam), India, Bharali Bhagawan
Published: July 2021

Background: Manganese (Mn) being one of the micronutrients available in acid soils acts crucial role in crop plants. In Assam soil, its concentration is 3-52 ppm whereas in plants the critical limit is 2-3ppm. Although the effects Mn on plants have been well documented, information on its impacts on yield and yield components in upland rice crop grown in Assam was scanty, and deserved its investigation. Method: A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of Mn (0, 10,20,30 ppm Mn as MnSO4H2O) foliar spray (each 1000cm3) at vegetative stage i.e.70days after sowing, on yield and yield components of ten rice genotypes (Kanaklata, Mulagabharu, Kapilee, Disang, Kolong, Joymoti, Jyoti Prasad, Luit, Lachit and Chilarai) cultivated in Assam. Conclusion: The lower dose of Mn (10ppm) significantly increased panicle length (16.29-37.46%), panicle weight (10.54-19.50%), panicle number per plant (4.54-13.63%), number of seeds per panicle (18.38-36.48%), test weight (7.21-29.15%), high density grains (5.59-30.45%), economic yield (14.40-28.03%), biological yield (32.58-47.70%), and harvest index (3.2-7.90%). 30ppm Mn affected adversely all the physiological attributes in the study. Among the ten genotypes, Kanaklata performed the best followed by Chilarai in the experiment.
Effect of Intercropping and Fertility Levels on the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash Content and Uptake by Summer Pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under South Gujarat Condition
Authors:   Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari- 396450, Gujarat, India, Patel K. R.
Published: July 2021

A field experiment was conducted at College Agronomy Farm, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during summer, 2019 and 2020 comprising four intercropping treatments i.e. pearlmillet sole, pearlmillet+greengram, pearlmillet+cowpea, pearlmillet+clusterbean and three fertility levels viz., 75 % RDF, 100 % RDF and 125 % RDF. Among the different intercropping system examined, sole pearl millet (I1) accumulated significantly less content of N and P in pearl millet grain and straw as compared to intercropping with pulses treatments. Pearl millet + green gram (I2) recorded significantly higher N and P uptake by pearl millet straw than other intercropping systems. The sole pearl millet (I1) was at par with pearl millet intercropped with green gram (I2) had significantly higher K content and uptake in pearl millet grain and straw. In case of fertility levels, nitrogen and phosphorus content and uptake in pearl millet grain and straw were recorded significantly higher by application of 100 % RDF. Significantly higher N, P and K uptake by pearl millet grain and straw in pooled results were produced by treatment combination of pearl millet + green gram (I2) intercropping along with 75 % RDF (F1).
Genetic Variability, Coefficient of Variance, Heritability and Genetic Advance in American Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors:   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh – 362 001, Gujarat, India, Gauswami Jyoti J
Published: July 2021

The present Investigation was carried out to study the genetic variability, coefficient of variance, heritability and genetic advance in American cotton. The material was evaluated in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during kharif 2019. In this experiment analysis of variance indicated that significant variation present among the accessions of the upland cotton for all the traits under study. The highest genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were exhibited by the number of monopodia per plant, number of bolls per plant and boll weight. High heritability with high genetic advance was observed in the boll weight, number of monopodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield per plant, number of sympodia per plant and lint index. The combination of the high heritability and high genetic advance provide the clear image of the trait in the selection process.
“I've Never Felt Such Absolute Devastating Loss”: A Photo Elicitation Exploration of Men's Postseparation Experiences of Coping After Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Bates Elizabeth A. , Taylor Julie C.
Published: July 2021

Current research and statistics support that there are a significant number of male victims of intimate partner violence (IPV), yet less is known about how men cope with, and indeed move on from, these experiences postseparation. The aim of the current study is to discuss the findings from a photo elicitation study exploring men’s postseparation experiences of coping after IPV experiences; photo elicitation as a method of interviewing is simply the use of photos within an interview setting (Harper, 2002), they are used as a stimulus to elicit richer accounts of the topic under study (Frith & Harcourt, 2007). We interviewed 16 men who brought photos that represented their experience for discussion. Interviews were analyzed thematically, and several overarching themes were identified: (a) power, (b) postseparation support, (c) systemic injustice and separation, (d) separation, impact, and loss. Men described the ways in which they engaged in mechanisms to help their “recovery” and help them to cope, but these efforts were often hampered by ongoing issues of power with their ex-partners, gender stereotyped treatment, a lack of support from systems they approached for help, and separation from their children. Findings are discussed in relation to current legislation and practice, with recommendations made around the need for tailored support and intervention to support men and their children.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN GAS CNG UNTUK KENDARAAN BBG DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Helfani Reza , Pohan Hasril Atieq
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of the marketing mix on the decision to purchase CNG gas for CNG vehicles in Palembang City, and to determine which variables are dominant in influencing it. The results of this study indicate that the overall marketing mix variable influences purchasing decisions, with the product variable value of 17.9%, the price variable of 19.7%, the distribution channel variable of 34.4% and the promotion variable of 32.5%. Of the four marketing mix variables as a whole affect purchasing decisions with a correlation value of 68.5%. Overall, the marketing mix variables affect purchasing decisions, but the distribution channel variables have the greatest influence on consumers in making purchasing decisions. This shows that consumers' desire to use CNG gas is strongly influenced by the location of the SPBG. The more SPBG locations, the higher interest in vehicles using CNG will be.

 

Keywords: Marketing Mix, CGN Gas Purchase Decision
ВЛИЯНИЕ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА ПИТЬЕВОЙ ВОДЫ НА ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ г. МАГАДАНА
Authors:   Северо-Восточный государственный университет, Горбачев А.Л.
Published: July 2021

Исследован минеральный состав питьевой воды центрального водоснабжения и родников в окрестностях г. Магадана. Проведен сравнительный анализ минерального состава питьевой воды с содержанием некоторых микроэлементов в организме жителей. Основное внимание уделено содержанию кальция, магния, железа и кремния. По химическому составу водопроводная и родниковая вода сопоставимы. Все исследованные воды являются слабоминерализованными (ультрапресными) и очень мягкими; они отличаются запредельно низким содержанием основных жизненно важных элементов, и прежде всего, солей кальция и магния. К региональным характеристикам воды следует отнести очень низкую концентрацию кремния. Источники питьевой воды в г. Магадане не сбалансированы по минеральному составу, что может быть основой патологических процессов. К возможным нарушениям здоровья следует отнести заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы (дефицит магния), проблемы кожи и костной системы, остепороз (дефицит кальция, кремния), сидерозы, иммунорезистентность (избыток железа). Обсуждается возможность минерального исправления ультрапресной питьевой воды, доведения ее до физиологически полноценной.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОГО СТРЕССА, ИНДУЦИРОВАННОГО УМЕРЕННЫМИ ДОЗАМИ НИТРИТА НАТРИЯ В ИЗОЛИРОВАННЫХ ЭРИТРОЦИТАХ В ПРИСУТСТВИИ СЕЛЕНИТА НАТРИЯ
Authors:   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана, Гусейнов Т.М. , Гусейнова С.Я. ,   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана, Гулиева Р.Т. ,   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана, Дадашев М.З. ,   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана, Рахманова С.М. ,   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана, Яхъяева Ф.Р. ,   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана, Джафарова С.А. ,   Институт Биофизики, НАН Азербайджана
Published: July 2021

Pассмотрено влияние умеренных доз нитрита натрия (NaNO2) (конечная концентрация – 0,007, 0,070, 0,15, 0,35, 0,70 и 3,50 мМ) на окислительные процессы в эритроцитах, содержания глутатиона, изменения активности каталазы, глутатионпероксидазы (ГП) и интенсивности перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) и влияние селенита натрия (Na2SeO3) (5 µМ) как возможного антиоксидантного (АО)-фактора, влияющего на развитие окислительных процессов in vitro (срок инкубирования 30 мин, t=37°С). При нитритиндуцированном окислении имеет место истощение внутриэритроцитарного глутатиона (до 12% от исходного уровня), которое находится в прямой зависимости от конечной концентрации NaNO2. Активность каталазы при всех конечных концентрациях NaNO2 уменьшается, доходя до минимума уже в середине инкубационного срока. При нитритиндуцированном окислении имеют место разнонаправленные изменения в активности ГП, которая при низких и умеренных концентрациях NaNO2 несколько растет в начальный срок инкубирования и уменьшается середине срока. Снижение активности каталазы и ГП в эритроцитах, вызванное нитритами, сопровождается интенсивным накоплением метгемоглобина (MetHb), и ростом ПОЛ при высоких концентрациях нитрита натрия (0,70–3,50 мМ) к концу инкубационного периода. Отрицательная зависимость между уменьшением активности ГП и ростом интенсивности ПОЛ позволяет высказать предположение о предоминантной роли ГП в лимитировании окислительного стресса в эритроцитах. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют об активном участии указанных антиокислительных энзимов эритроцитов в окислительном метаболизме при нитритном воздействии. Селенит натрия в определенной мере может выступать в роли регулятора нитритиндуцированного окислительного стресса.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО СТАТУСА КОСТНОЙ ТКАНИ ВИСОЧНОЙ КОСТИ ПРИ ОСТРЫХ И ХРОНИЧЕСКИХ ГНОЙНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯХ СРЕДНЕГО УХА
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Синицкий А.И. , Коркмазов М.Ю. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Дубинец И.Д. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Учаев Д.А. ,   НОЦ «Нанотехнологии» ФГАОУ ВО «ЮУрГУ», Щербаков А.А. ,   МАУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 6», Колесников О.Л. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России
Published: July 2021

Изучено содержание эссенциальных химических элементов в костной ткани височной кости пациентов с острыми и хроническими гнойными средними отитами, перенесших реконструктивно-сани-рующую хирургию в полости среднего уха. В исследование включено 54 пациента трудоспособного возраста с верифицированным диагнозом острого гнойного среднего отита или хронического гнойного среднего отита, подлежащих оперативному лечению. Элементный состав костной ткани височной кости, полученной интраоперационно, оценивали методом рентгенофлуоресцентной спектроскопии. Данные обработаны методами дескриптивной статистики и представлены в виде медианы и диапазона между квартилями с оценкой статистической значимости межгрупповых различий по U-критерию МаннаУитни. Анализ полученных результатов позволяет сделать заключение о наличии существенных изменений элементного состава костной ткани в зависимости от сроков развития заболеваний, рецидивов, осложнений, а также варианта нарушений ремоделирования костной ткани. Выявленный дисбаланс элементов может быть как причиной, так и следствием необратимой патоморфологической трансформации костной ткани, и на этом основании может служить индикатором прогрессирующего течения гнойного среднего отита, как при остром среднем отите, так и при хронизации воспаления.