bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genre of Discours de réception: Marguerite Yourcenar’s Speech upon her Election to French Academy and Gender Turn
Authors: Vikulova L. G. , Korolenko O. I. , Tkachenko Yu. G.
Published: February 2024

This article analyzes the inaugural speech (discours de réception) delivered in 1981 by Marguerite Yourcenar, the first female writer elected as a member of the French Academy. Since the 17th century, such speeches have been mandatory for newly elected academicians, serving as a communicative product of academic speech practice. The study notes that commemorative speeches in honor of deceased members of the academy typically involve the use of praise as an evaluative strategy. Following the genre’s requirements, Marguerite Yourcenar addresses the conceptual space of “the value of literary heritage” of Roger Caillois, whose “academic chair” she was about to occupy as a new academician. In his work, she identifies authorial conceptual metaphors (such as “life is a game”: vie — jeu) that align with her own value system, confirming this alignment with examples from her own books or life experience. The article highlights authorial conceptual oppositions, including men — women (homes / femmes), friendship — hatred (amitié / haine), and life — death (vie / mort). As a newly elected academician, Marguerite Yourcenar perceives the French Academy as a scientific institution with both merits (Académie — science, littérature, connaissance) and shortcomings (Académie — préjugés, archaїsme), reflecting her personal position as well as her gender and social identity.
Infanticide: A Survival Strategy among the Gweno People during the Early Colonial Period in Tanganyika
Authors: Abrahamu Hosiana
Published: February 2024

Traditions and customs carry socio-cultural and economic values of the community where they are practised. Infanticide was a traditional practice among the Gweno people in Kilimanjaro, northern Tanzania. This practice had socio-cultural, political, and economic significance which persisted. As a global phenomenon, infanticide has attracted enormous scholarship from different disciplines covering mostly its practice, its associated beliefs, and its eradication campaigns. Despite the popularity of infanticide practices among the Gweno people, particularly during the early colonial period, little has been revealed and documented on how it was practised, associated beliefs and the socio-cultural, political, and economic significance it carried in this community. Benefitting from research findings collected in 2015 through historical and ethnological methods such as oral traditions, interviews, archival materials, and anthropological accounts, this paper uncovers the socio-cultural, political, and economic grounds of infanticide practices among the Gweno people. The paper is built on the argument that infanticide practices served as cultural, socio-political, and economic survival strategy of the Gweno people.
A 1-dimensional-two-layer transient drift-flux model for hydraulic transport pipelines: modelling and experiments of bed layer erosion and density wave amplification
Authors: de Hoog Edwin , van der Voort Tjalie , Talmon Arno , van Rhee Cees
Published: February 2024

Hydraulic transport pipelines in the dredging, mining and deep sea mining are designed using steady-state methods. However, these methods cannot predict density wave formation. Density waves form a risk for pipeline blockages, therefore there is a need to understand and preferably be able to model the process. The density waves studied in this research are caused by a stationary sediment deposit in the pipeline. This article explores the development of a new transient design model, based on 1-dimensional-two-layer Driftflux CFD. The two layers model the exchange of sediment between the turbulent suspension, and a stationary bed layer, and can therefore model density wave amplification. An empirical erosion-sedimentation closure relationship is applied to model the sediment exchange between the two layers, and is calibrated using experiments. The final model is also validated against a second experiment, specifically for density wave amplification. The experiments and the model show good agreement on the erosion of a stationary bed layer and the growth rate of a density wave and the amplitude of the density wave.
Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards artificial intelligence and its integration into EFL teaching and learning
Authors: Pokrivcakova Silvia
Published: February 2024

Even though artificial intelligence (AI) is no new occurrence, with its beginnings dating back to the 1950s, its use has gained popularity worldwide, especially in recent years, and its presence and importance has grown in many areas of human lives, including education. Surveys conducted internationally have found generally positive attitudes of university students towards artificial intelligence (AI) and its inclusion into various fields of research and study. However, only few research probes have been conducted among students of philology and future language teachers. No such research has been conducted among university students or pre-service EFL teachers in Central Europe. This paper aims to fill this gap in educational research knowledge, as knowing teachers’ and teacher students’ attitudes towards AI can be a key factor in the success or failure of applying AI in education. Therefore, the aim of the study is to determine the level of knowledge and dominant attitudes towards AI in general, AI in learning/teaching EFL and the inclusion of AI in the teacher training curriculum among pre-service EFL teachers in Slovakia.

To collect data from the respondents, a cross-sectional survey in the form of a KAP questionnaire was conducted in November-December 2022. 137 pre-service English language teachers responded to a pre-tested online questionnaire consisting of 19 closed-ended (5-point Likert scale) items and one open-ended question.

Slovak EFL pre-service teachers were equally interested (38.67%) and uninterested (39.42%) in the ongoing discussion about AI in education. Overall, they self-reported having no (61.31%) or unsatisfactory (21.17%) understanding of the basic computational principles of AI. On the other hand, they were significantly more satisfied with their knowledge of AI-based applications for EFL teaching, which they considered adequate (35.04%). Nevertheless, almost half of the students (45.25%) rated their knowledge as inadequate. It was therefore encouraging to learn that 64.24% of the respondents agreed that AI education should be included in their university curriculum and had predominantly positive expectations of AI and its application in education. 63.50% of them agreed with the statement that AI will improve education in general (compared to only 18.98% who disagreed). They shared a predominantly positive attitude towards the incorporation of AI into EFL and showed their optimistic expectations regarding the impact of AI on teaching and learning English as a foreign language. Slovak EFL pre-service teachers did not express any concerns about the future of their profession. However, a majority of them (53.28%) agreed that EFL teachers might lose some of their skills when using AI in their practice and a significant number (42.33%) feared that AI would make EFL teaching less personal. These findings are consistent with previous research conducted internationally.
The Transformative Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Management Consultancy Sector
Authors: Samokhvalov Konstantin
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the management consultancy sector over the next five years. Tracing the evolution of AI from its inception in 1956 to recent language and image capabilities, the study addresses the imminent challenges posed to consultancy by AI startups. Examining global legislative approaches, including the EU’s strict AI Act, the UK’s flexible stance, the self-regulatory approach in the US, and China’s targeted regulations, it unveils the legislative ambiguity for software developers. The essay anticipates transformative implications on consultancy firms, emphasizing the war for talent, potential shifts in business models, and the evolving role of consultants as agents of thought. As AI becomes integral, consultancy firms are urged to adapt, incorporating AI into their models while navigating ethical and legal considerations. The paper underscores that while AI will automate mundane tasks, strategic decision-making remains a strength of consultancy firms, ensuring continued relevance in the evolving landscape.
Gelir Eşitsizliğinin Dış Borca Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: ARI Ayşe
Published: February 2024

Gelir eşitsizliği ve dış borç sorunu gelişmekte olan ülkeler için önem arz eden makroekonomik sorunların başında gelmekte ve birbiriyle ilişkili olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada gelir eşitsizliğinin dış borçlar üzerindeki olası etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye ekonomisi ele alınmış ve 1989-2019 dönemi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ARDL yöntemi kullanılmış ve uzun dönemde gelir eşitsizliğinin dış borçlar üzerindeki etkisinin anlamsız olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kısa dönemde de dış borçlar üzerinde gelir eşitsizliğinin bir etkisinin bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Hacker ve Hatemi (2010) nedensellik testine de başvurulmuş ve dış borç ile gelir eşitsizliği arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanmamıştır. Bu durumda Türkiye’de gelir eşitsizliğinin ve dış borçların birbirinden etkilenmediği sonucuna varılabilir.
Clustering protocols for energy efficiency analysis in WSNS and the IOT
Authors:   Technical Institute of Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq., Al Dallal Haroon Rashid Hammood
Published: February 2024

Throughout the development of energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network clustering technique has been widely adopted approach. The Selection of cluster heads is also very important for the energy efficiency of the network. In the past, researchers have proposed multiple routing protocols; however, problems are still alive and need to be resolved because of the diversity of WSN applications. This article presents an energy-efficient routing protocol using the advanced approaches of Artificial Intelligence, the most promising field of computer science currently providing the best solutions. The proposed model uses the Deep Q-network to select the cluster head. Moreover, collected data at the cluster head is generalized as low, moderate, and high values using the fuzzy logic technique. After that, the Predictive coding theory algorithm is used for the data compression, and the lossy compression technique is applied to the data. Its compressed form also gives complete information of the data in small size and is delivered to the base station. Again, the transmitted data is reconstructed into its actual format. In the end, to justify the performance of the newly designed routing protocol, simulations are performed using the Matlab tool, and its results are evaluated in quality of service matrices and compared with well-known routing protocols.
Applications of digital twins in medicine and the ontological model of medical digital twins
Authors:   Institute of Information Technology, Baku, Azerbaijan, Ahmadova Aytan
Published: February 2024

The article demonstrates the applications, essence and possibilities of digital twin technology and explains the advantages of digital twin technology and potential challenges. A digital twin is a digital copy that can be used to simulate the status of a physical object or system. The integration of digital twin technologies with the Internet of things, Big Data and Artificial intelligence offers innovative solutions for quicker detection of arisen problems (or problems to arise) related to changes in a real physical object and for making relevant decisions. The development of such solutions in the healthcare is crucial for preserving human health and providing people with higher-quality medical care. It is possible to get an early diagnosis of the disease and the selection of a more effective treatment method on the produced digital twin by transferring the patient’s physical characteristics and changes in his/her body to the digital environment. The article analyzes medical digital twins, categorizing their benefits into patient health, cost reduction, self-management, and other benefits. In order to ensure adaptability and effectiveness in disease therapy and healthcare management decision-making, the patientoriented ontology of healthcare is examined, and a four-level ontological model is suggested to create its digital twin. The creation of a patient-oriented digital twin of healthcare requires the creation of a digital twin of existing physical objects at each level of its ontological model. The creation of digital twin in healthcare opens wide opportunities for making decisions on provision of safe and high-quality medical care to patients.
Diffusion of Innovations in the Far East of Russia during the Late 19th to Early 20th Centuries (by the Example of Electrification)
Authors: Maklyukov A. V.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the historical conditions, identifies channels, agents and features of the distribution of innovative products in the Russian Far East during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, using electrification as an example. It determines the role of electro-technical innovations in the modernization process of the region, highlighting the favorable historical conditions that developed for the diffusion of innovations in the Far East. The government policy, which aimed at opening up the Far Eastern economy and attracting foreign entrepreneurs, as well as the high susceptibility of the Far Eastern population to innovations, accelerated diffusion processes. The primary agents and translators of innovations were foreign nationals, particularly entrepreneurs from Germany. The study concludes that the diffusion processes of electrical innovations became the most crucial element of the modernization of the region, playing a critical role in forming the Far Eastern industry, developing urban amenities, changing everyday culture and improving the population's quality of life. The historical experience of electrification of the Far East at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries shows that the diffusion of innovations occurs as Russia moves along the path of modernization, its readiness for openness and strengthening contacts with foreign countries.
Historical Transformations of the Russian Literary Canon in Russia and the United Kingdom
Authors: Deriglazova L. V. , Pogorelskaya A. M.
Published: February 2024

The article aims to reveal the changes in studies of Russian literature in Russia and the United Kingdom in the last three decades. The authors use the concept of the Russian literary canon to highlight the differences in the content and focus of the study of Russian literature. The empirical base of the research is Russian official documents, school textbooks, syllabi of university courses in Russian literature, and the collections of university libraries in the UK. Russian literary canon has changed to bridge the ideological break in Russian literature of the twentieth century. In Russia, the main channel for transmitting the canon is school education. The study of literature is supposed to ensure the formation of national identity, patriotism, humanistic values, and understanding of the exclusivity of Russian literature. The national canon understood as “compulsory reading”, performs socializing, educational, and stabilizing functions. The study of Russian literature in the UK began in the late 19th century at universities, where course content reflected the changing political context. Library collections and university curricula demonstrate the wide range of authors and research topics studied. The study of Russian literature in the UK could not be defined through the Russian literature canon as there is no mandatory reading, and it is studied mainly in translation. Thus, there is no connection between language and literature. The stable interest in the UK towards Russian literature of the 19th and 20th centuries confirms that it belongs to the world’s cultural heritage beyond national borders.
Metodologias ativas na educação médica no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Marcus Vinicius da Silva , Maciel Eliel Muniz , Barroso Wermerson Assunção , Serra Mariana Barreto
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Compreender a metodologia ativa como ferramenta educacional no ensino de medicina no Brasil. Revisão bibliográfica: A metodologia ativa no ensino médico tem evoluído ao longo do tempo, incorporando recursos como estudos de caso, simulações, debates e aprendizagem baseada em problemas. Os alunos desempenham um papel ativo na construção do conhecimento, enquanto os professores atuam como mediadores. Benefícios incluem maior engajamento dos alunos, desenvolvimento de habilidades práticas e pensamento crítico. Desafios como a resistência institucional e a necessidade de infraestrutura adequada persistem. A transição para o ensino remoto durante a pandemia destacou a flexibilidade das metodologias ativas. No Brasil, mudanças nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais incentivaram essa abordagem exigindo capacitação docente. As tecnologias digitais também desempenham um papel crescente no ensino médico, especialmente durante a pandemia, com vantagens e desafios a considerar. Considerações finais: A metodologia ativa no ensino de medicina melhora o aprendizado ao incorporar situações reais. Contudo, a responsabilidade social e pelo aprendizado pode gerar estresse nos alunos. Para seu sucesso, é necessário investir massivamente em estruturação, capacitação docente e preparar os alunos para a transição do método tradicional para as metodologias ativas.
Guidelines of the Russian Society of Medical Geneticists for Chromosomal Microarray Analysis
Authors: Лебедев И.Н. , Шилова Н.В. , Юров И.Ю. , Малышева О.В. , Твеленева А.А. , Миньженкова М.Е. , Маркова Ж.Г. , Толмачева Е.Н. , Кашеварова А.А.
Published: February 2024

Хромосомный микроматричный анализ представляет наиболее динамично развиваемую область современной клинической цитогенетики, обеспечивая эффективную и высокоразрешающую диагностику несбалансированных микроструктурных хромосомных перестроек. Настоящие рекомендации определяют показания к назначению хромосомного микроматричного анализа для постнатальной и пренатальной диагностики конститутивных хромосомных аномалий, а также рассматривают вопросы интерпретации клинической значимости выявляемых хромосомных вариантов, и медико-генетического консультирования семей пациентов с хромосомными болезнями. Делаются акценты на приоритетности экспертного мнения и необходимости диалога молекулярного цитогенетика и врача-генетика в оценке патогенетической значимости хромосомных вариантов и тактики дальнейшего лабораторного обследования пациента.

Chromosomal microarray analysis is the state-of-the-art of clinical cytogenetics, providing efficient and high-resolution diagnostics of unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements. Current recommendations define the indications for chromosomal microarray analysis in postnatal and prenatal diagnostics of constitutive chromosomal anomalies. Approaches to interpretation of the clinical significance of detected chromosomal variants, as well as genetic counseling for families of patients with chromosomal diseases are discussed. Emphasis is given to the priority of expert opinion and collaboration between molecular cytogeneticist and clinical geneticist in assessing the pathogenetic significance of chromosomal variants and the strategy for subsequent laboratory examination of the patient.
Development of the methodology for calculating the standards of permissible discharge of liquid industrial wastes taking into account regional peculiarities of water bodies
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Tunakova Y. A. , Novikova S. V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Valiev V. S. ,   Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Baibakova E. V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI
Published: February 2024

The problem of regulating the discharge of liquid wastes into water bodies is the most urgent task and is carried out on the basis of establishing standards of permissible discharge (SPD). Many authors note that the key problem of setting the SPD is the use of maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) as threshold values, determined without taking into account regional peculiarities of formation of natural water composition and its ability to dilute wastewater. We have proposed the development of the methodology for calculating SPD, based on the condition that ensuring the disposal of liquid wastes at the level of permissible discharge standards will not lead to a change in the water quality class determined using the specific combinatorial index of water pollution (SCIWP). In the previous publication we have substantiated territorial threshold concentrations (TTC) based on the analysis of long-term data sets of hydrochemical observations, which allow us to take into account regional features of the geochemical background of water bodies, including the content of substances of dual genesis. They also implicitly allow taking into account hydrological and hydrochemical factors that ensure the ability of natural waters to dilute liquid waste effluents. The obtained TTCs are proposed to be used for calculation of permissible concentrations of substances in wastewater instead of MAC. SPD is established by cyclic iteration of TTC values by 10%, with parallel calculation of SCIWP, until the index is transferred to another water quality class. This paper presents the results of approbation of the proposed development of the methodology of SPD calculation for liquid waste from Оpen JSC “Kazan Synthetic Rubber Plant” discharged into the Volga River. The obtained calculation results make more stringent requirements to the value of SPD for substances mainly of anthropogenic origin. For some substances of dual genesis, the value of SPD was higher, which allows us to make more adequate requirements to water users for treatment of sewage effluents.
Ecological initiative budgeting projects
Authors:   Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Vagin V. V. , Paksivatkina V. A. ,   Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Ecological projects of initiative budgeting are considered in the article as a form of involving citizens in the ecological agenda. The classification of ecological projects initiated by citizens was compiled by the authors. These are projects of organizing the collection of solid waste and garbage, projects in the field of fire safety, projects to provide settlements with clean drinking water. Based on the database of the All-Russian contest of the best projects of initiative budgeting, numerical indicators on the implementation of ecological projects (number, cost, beneficiaries) were selected. The foreign experience of involving citizens in the environmental agenda – green participatory budgeting – was presented. The unique experience of involving schoolchildren and youth in climate and environmental issues in some foreign countries was described. A review of Russian initiative projects in the field of ecology was carried out. It is concluded that there is the emergence of a trend to involve citizens in the ecological agenda. Initiative budgeting projects serve as indicators of the actual requests and needs of citizens. It is also noted that it is reasonable to use the database of the All-Russian competition of initiative budgeting projects as a unique information resource about the practices of civic engagement.
Assessing the progress of the performance of continuous monitoring solutions under single-blind controlled testing protocol
Authors: Ilonze Chiemezie , Emerson Ethan , Duggan Aidan , Zimmerle Daniel
Published: February 2024

Recent regulatory spotlight on continuous monitoring (CM) solutions and the rapid development of CM solutions has demanded the characterization of solutions performance through regular, rigorous testing using consensus test protocols. This study is the second known implementation of such protocol involving single-blind controlled testing of 9 CM solutions. Controlled releases of rates (6 to 7100) g CH4/h over durations (0.4 to 10.2) hours under wind speed range of (0.7 to 9.9) m/s were conducted for 11 weeks. Results showed that 4 solutions achieved method detection limits (DL90s) within tested emission rate range with all 4 solutions having both the lowest DL90s (3.9 [3.0, 5.5] kg CH4/h to 6.2 [3.7, 16.7] kg CH4/h) and false positive rates (6.9% to 13.2%) indicating efforts at balancing low sensitivity with low false positive rate. Quantification results showed wide individual estimate uncertainties with emissions underestimation and overestimation by factors up to > 14 and 42 respectively. Three solutions had > 80% of their estimates within a quantification factor of 3 for controlled releases in the ranges of (0.1 – 1] kg CH4/h and >1 kg CH4/h. Relative to the study by Bell et al., current solutions performance, as a group, generally improved primarily due to solutions from the study by Bell et al. that retested. This result highlights the importance of regular, quality testing to the advancement of CM solutions for effective emissions mitigation.
Computing accurate bond dissociation energies of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Achieving chemical accuracy using connectivity-based hierarchy schemes
Authors: Nayak Samir Kumar , Yamijala Sharma S. R. K. C.
Published: February 2024

Understanding the bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of per- and polyﬂuoroalkyl substances (PFAS) bonds helps in devising their efficient degradation pathways. However, there is only limited experimental data on the PFAS BDEs, and there are uncertainties associated with the BDEs computed using density functional theory. Although quantum chemical methods like the G4 composite method can provide highly accurate BDEs (< 1 kcal mol-1), they are limited to small system sizes. To address DFT's accuracy limitations and G4's system size constraints, we examined the connectivity-based hierarchy (CBH) scheme and found that it can provide BDEs that are reasonably close to the G4 accuracy while retaining the computational efficiency of DFT. To further improve the accuracy, we modified the CBH scheme and demonstrated that BDEs calculated using it have a mean-absolute deviation of 0.7 kcal mol-1 from G4 BDEs. To validate the reliability of this new scheme, we computed the ground state free energies of seven PFAS compounds and BDEs for 44 C–C and C–F bonds at the G4 level of theory. Our results suggest that the modified CBH scheme can accurately compute the BDEs of both small and large PFAS at near G4 level accuracy, offering promise for more effective PFAS degradation strategies.
Entre rastros e vestígios da primeira fase de expansão e interiorização da televisão brasileira: o caso da Rede Tupi
Authors: Souza José Jullian Gomes de , De Oliveira Lima Maria Érica
Published: February 2024

As duas primeiras décadas da televisão brasileira (1950-1960) são essenciais para compreender o seu processo histórico de surgimento, estruturação, desenvolvimento e expansão. Do pioneirismo à consolidação, é nesse período que se visualizam os primeiros movimentos de deslocamento das emissoras de televisão, inicialmente a partir de uma centralização no eixo Rio-São Paulo e, em seguida, para outros grandes centros urbanos. Com isso, o artigo recupera a trajetória da expansão e interiorização da televisão, com o caso da Rede Tupi (1950-1964). O objetivo é mapear as emissoras e suas localidades (capitais e interiores), no cenário da descentralização para além do eixo Rio-São Paulo, em diálogo com o cenário sociocultural, político e econômico do Brasil. O quadro metodológico parte da abordagem qualitativa, pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e histórica e estudo de caso da Rede Tupi. Além de perfazer a trajetória dessa primeira fase de expansão das capitais para os interiores, com foco no estado de São Paulo, o estudo conclui que a década de 1960 foi fundamental para a consolidação do modelo televisivo conhecido até a atualidade. Além disso, os feitos de Chateaubriand e da Rede Tupi apontam para o desenvolvimento do primeiro oligopólio midiático brasileiro.
Memória, formas de dominação e de resistência, disputas sobre os significados das anistias
Authors: Leite Lopes José Sergio
Published: February 2024

O artigo parte de experiências de pesquisas anteriores sobre a memória de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras têxteis que são realçadas para exemplificar formas de dominação que não dispensam a força repressiva de corpos de vigias e milícias internos às empresas, dotadas em geral de legitimidade (ou omissão) outorgadas pelo Estado. Essa parte, baseada em episódios históricos do início da década de 1930, ilustra a gênese do que seria visto, na atualidade, como a questão da responsabilidade de empresas por violações de direitos, salientada pela justiça de transição, que visa a enfrentar as consequências repressivas da ditadura militar. Em seguida, relatam-se formas de resistência praticadas por trabalhadores e camponeses desde o imediato pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial, data considerada inicial no período de abrangência da Comissão Nacional da Verdade (CNV), e, ainda, anotações sobre a construção institucional que está na base dos significados das anistias. A última parte do artigo trata da demanda de memória da parte de trabalhadores e camponeses, inclusive para ressaltar o peso subestimado dos grandes coletivos na justiça de transição e dos significados das anistias para tais grupos sociais.
Tecendo o saber com fios de memória: experiências de ensino e pesquisa a partir de oficinas de historiografia digital, arquivos e acervos online
Authors: Magnolo Talita Souza , Dessupoio Chaves Ana Paula , Miranda Pedro Augusto Silva
Published: February 2024

“Mostramos vidas em atos memoráveis”, adverte Barbosa (2023). Como pesquisadores da História das Mídias, é possível demonstrar como documentos, materiais de acervo e arquivos ajudam a (re)construir a história dos meios e da sociedade, ou parte dela. O minicurso que integrou o XIV Encontro Nacional de História da Mídia teve como objetivo abordar a importância da pesquisa documental em acervos digitais online, a fim de entender como esses “lugares de memória” (Nora, 1984) oferecem possibilidades às pesquisas. Neste artigo, resultado, também, do tensionamento das experiências e das observações do minicurso, são sistematizadas possibilidades de abordagem teórico-prática no uso dos arquivos e acervos online brasileiros. Além disso, traz reflexões das pesquisas na área da Comunicação que utilizam o método/técnica da pesquisa documental, valorizando os acervos digitais e sua potencialidade. Como resultado da reflexão analítica, o artigo traz contribuições ao campo da história da mídia que podem tornar os pesquisadores aptos a: (1) desenvolver pesquisas em acervos e arquivos online; (2) tratar adequadamente os dados obtidos e (3) refletir criticamente sobre o material de arquivo e seus usos.
Diretrizes metodológicas para pesquisa historiográfica em agências de notícias no Brasil
Authors: Aguiar Pedro , Sabadini João Pedro De Almeida
Published: February 2024

O artigo propõe diretrizes elementares para orientar a pesquisa historiográfica acerca das agências de notícias atuantes no Brasil desde a segunda metade do século XIX, tanto as estrangeiras quanto as nacionais. Começa por sugerir uma periodização possível para essa historiografia. Em seguida, enumera fontes de pesquisa acessíveis em três categorias – bibliográficas, hemerográficas e documentais –, tentando facilitar o esforço de futuros pesquisadores que se debrucem sobre o tema. Tomando a experiência de pesquisa executada pelos autores, enfatiza-se a importância da Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira da Biblioteca Nacional. Por fim, discute-se criticamente a pouca atenção dada às agências de notícias na historiografia canônica da imprensa brasileira e sugere abordagens metodológicas que podem ser empregadas para preencher essa lacuna de pesquisa.
Gemeente Semarang 1906 – 1942: Sebuah Riwayat Tata Kota Kolonial
Authors: Mulyanto Heru
Published: February 2024

Sebelum menjadi gemeente, kondisi sosial, ekonomi, tata kelola air, dan sebagainya berada di bawah kontrol langsung dari pemerintah koloni dengan model yang sama seperti kota-kota di Eropa. Namun semenjak desentralisasi diterapkan, Semarang berubah secara cepat, menjadi kota dengan fasilitas yang memadai dan dengan infrastruktur yang berkesinmabungan. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam riset ini adalah bagaimana pemerintah Hindia-Belanda mengatur kota semarang yang tadinya sangat Eropa-sentris, menjadi kota yang disesuaikan bagi penduduk pribumi. Urgensi / tujuan penulisan artikel ini ialah untuk mengungkap kronologi dan proses awal pengesahan Gemeente Semarang hingga pembangunan berbagai fasilitas publik di sebagian besar bidang, yaitu artitektur kota, dinamika pelabuhan, eksistensi pasar, “kampongverbetering” (perbaikan kampung) dan dinamika Burgerlijke Openbare Werken di Kota semarang dalam merekonstruksi kota ini dalam bentuk Gemeente. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sejarah yang meliputi empat tahap: Heuristik, Verifikasi, Interpretasi, Historiografi. Hasil yang didapat adalah bahwa dilakukan sebuah “verbetering” atau perbaikan terhadap kampung-kampung di kota Semarang. Sementara dari segi pelabuhan, Semarang pada masa seelum desentralisasi telah dilakukan sebuah modernisasi oleh rezim Daendels.Dari segi arsitektur kota, sebelum dilakukan desentralisasi, model kota semarang hampir sama dengan Batavia yang mana, sungai merupakan urat nadi penting perekonomian masyarakat.
Emotion Regulation Moderates Associations between Discrimination and Cannabis Use Patterns among Sexual Minority Young Adult Women
Authors: Vogel Erin , Romm Katelyn , Berg Carla
Published: February 2024

Background: Sexual minority young adults (SMYAs) experience discrimination and have high cannabis use prevalence. Discrimination may be associated with cannabis use, including hazardous use and co-use with tobacco, depending on emotion regulation and gender. Methods: Fall 2020 survey data assessed discrimination, use frequency of emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression), current cannabis use, hazardous use, and cannabis-tobacco dual use among SMYAs (age 18-34) in 6 United States metropolitan areas (women: n=450, Mage =24.1, SD=4.7, 69.6% bisexual, 18.2% lesbian/gay, 12.2% other; men: n=254, Mage=24.7, SD=4.5, 33.5% bisexual, 54.3% gay, 12.2% other). Multivariable logistic regression examined the moderating roles of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on associations of discrimination with cannabis use outcomes, stratified by gender and adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, and employment. Results: Among SMYA women, 89.5% experienced any discrimination; 53.1% reported current cannabis use, of whom 49.4% and 47.7% reported hazardous use and cannabis-tobacco dual use, respectively. Adjusting for sociodemographics, experiencing greater discrimination was associated with greater odds of hazardous cannabis use (aOR=1.08, 95% CI [1.02, 1.15]) and cannabis-tobacco dual use (aOR=1.04, 95% CI [1.01, 1.08]) among SMYA women with greater use of expressive suppression. Among SMYA men, 83.9% experienced any discrimination; 49.2% reported current cannabis use, of whom 55.2% and 44.0% reported hazardous use and cannabis-tobacco dual use. Discrimination and emotion regulation were unrelated to cannabis use outcomes among men. Conclusions: Given high rates of discrimination experiences among SMYAs, emotion regulation skills training may empower SMYAs, particularly women, to cope with discrimination without using cannabis.
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa SMA Pada Materi Hukum Newton Menggunakan Instrumen Force Concept Inventory (FCI)
Authors: Azzahidah Mutammimatul 'Abidah , Kusairi Sentot , Hanatan Ardiana , Hariyanto Hariyanto
Published: February 2024

Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri di Kota Malang. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 86 siswa, terdiri atas 50 siswa perempuan dan 36 siswa laki-laki. Semua subjek telah memperoleh materi Hukum Newton di kelas X. Instrumen penelitian terdiri atas 9 butir soal pilihan ganda yang diadaptasi dari Force Concept Inventory (FCI). Penelitian survei dengan analisis data menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan persentase jawaban benar pada setiap indikator dan tiap opsi jawaban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman siswa pada konsep Hukum Newton dalam kategori sangat rendah, dibuktikan dengan rerata sebesar 33,3. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar pada materi Hukum Newton. Kesulitan siswa paling tinggi terdapat pada indikator menganalisis gaya yang bekerja pada benda. Siswa belum mampu memahami makna soal sehingga pemikiran siswa lebih banyak menggunakan intuisi dalam menentukan interaksi gaya pada kasus-kasus tertentu. Guru perlu memberikan penekanan dan pelatihan pada siswa terkait dengan gaya yang bekerja pada benda dan interaksi benda yang menyebabkan gaya.Kata kunci: Kesulitan Siswa, Hukum Newton, FCI.
Kemampuan Calon Guru Fisika Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Literasi Sains Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Lutfin Nursakinah Annisa , Musdar Musdar , Nurlina Nurlina
Published: February 2024

Kemampuan literasi sangat penting dimiliki bagi calon guru, termasuk calon guru fisika. Kearifan lokal menjadi hal yang sangat jarang diintegrasikan dalam proses pembelajaran, padahal hal tersebut sangat dibutuhkan oleh generasi muda dalam menjaga eksistensi kearifan lokal suatu daerah. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan calon guru fisika dalam menyelesaikan soal literasi sains berbasis kearifan lokal Mandar dan (2) untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan tersebut.  Oleh  karena  itu, rancangan penelitian metode campuran digunakan dalam penelitian ini.  Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian pertama, digunakan metode survei dengan menggunakan instrumen literasi sains berbasis kearifan lokal Mandar yang telah dikembangkan sebelumnya oleh peneliti. Untuk menjawab tujuan kedua, penelitian digunakan metode studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara kepada beberapa calon guru fisika di Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Sulawesi Barat. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa Kemampuan para calon guru fisika dalam menyelesaikan  soal literasi sains berbasis kearifan lokal berada pada kategori kurang dengan nilai rata-rata 57. Kemampuan literasi sains calon guru dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu latar belakang keluarga, fasilitas sekolah, minat dan akses membaca, serta sikap terhadap sains.
ПЕРВОПРИНЦИПНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ СВЯЗИ ГРУППЫ ГИПОТЕТИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ Mg2NA (A = F, Cl, Br, I) С РЕШЕТКОЙ АНТИХАЛЬКОПИРИТА
Authors: Тимофеев В.С. , Гордиенко А.Б.
Published: February 2024

Группа гипотетических соединений Mg2NA (A = F, Cl, Br, I) была рассмотрена в структуре антихалькопирита. Для всех соединений определены параметры оптимизированной геометрии, структура и состав зонного спектра по всем точкам высокой симметрии первой зоны Бриллюэна, проведен качественный и количественный анализ химической связи с помощью распределения электронной плотности, функции электронной локализации и функций Ванье.
PRODUCTION PRACTICE. IMITATION?
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Toshchenko Zhan T.
Published: February 2024

The article is a summary of the results of a study carried out according to the State assignment FSZG-2022-0001 by teachers and graduate students of the Russian State University for the Humanities – Zh.T. Toshchenko, R.I. Anisimov, M.B. Bulanova, I.O. Shevchenko, E.N. Pyatsheva, G.V. Nioradze and I.A. Polyakova. The main efforts were aimed at identifying the state of industrial practice, its features in connection with the division of professions according to the socio-technological principle “man-technology”, “man-nature”, “man-man”, “man-sign”, “man-creative work”. Identified obstacles that stand in the way of the effectiveness of production practice, which call into question the current practice of preparation, organization and performance. Among them are the issues that depend on universities: defining the goals and objectives of practice, their organizational and financial support. Another set of issues stems from the position of the organizations hosting the practice, which show little interest in such work with students. Suggestions are made for its improvement.
Família e escola
Authors: Farias Rozeli de , Cavalcante Tícia Cassiany Ferro
Published: February 2024

As aprendizagens mútuas oferecidas pela escola para nortear o trabalho pedagógico com estudantes com deficiência intelectual podem ter resultados satisfatórios quando articulados com a colaboração da família. Tais ações colaborativas ajudam em vários quesitos, entre os quais a aprendizagem e a qualidade de vida. Essa relação escola e família não só faz o aluno desenvolver habilidades cognitivas, mas também ajuda na autonomia dos sujeitos para interagirem em sociedade. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo refletir sobre a história de vida da criança com deficiência intelectual, partindo do contexto social do nascimento até a entrada na escola, identificando seus impactos no processo de escolarização, bem como as contribuições da família nesse processo. A pesquisa foi feita com a responsável de um estudante com deficiência intelectual, matriculado em uma escola Municipal da Rede de ensino do Recife–PE, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos contribuíram para entender que sem a participação da família podem existir impactos negativos no processo de escolarização do estudante com deficiência intelectual. Logo, escola e família são de fundamental importância para que o aluno possa desenvolver aprendizagem, autonomia e qualidade de vida.
Validación de un instrumento de investigación para medir factores del capital humano
Authors: Herrera-Rodríguez Mauricio , Partida-Puente Abel , Guerra-Moya Sergio Armando
Published: February 2024

Basado en la investigación previa de Herrera (2017) se realizó un cuestionario de 84 preguntas con el objetivo de realizar investigaciones de algunos factores del capital humano, más el desempeño económico y el desempeño competitivo de las empresas del sector hotelero del Sur de Tamaulipas. Los factores del capital humano parte de esta investigación son: la actualización del conocimiento o capacitación, la formación académica o años de estudio, la experiencia profesional, la motivación profesional de los empleados, las competencias de los empleados y el desarrollo organizacional. El cuestionario fue sometido a una investigación de campo piloto con 30 sujetos de estudio y después revisados los ítems con el Alfa de Cronbach con las que se validó la confianza del cuestionario. Este trabajo da una aportación práctica, teórica y metodológica porque permitirá a futuros investigadores medir alguno de los elementos mencionados, además de proporcionar nuevas definiciones que pueden incrementar el estado del arte.
Consumos heterogéneos de energía en las tipologías de hogares del sector residencial del Ecuador
Authors: Parra-Jácome Rony Mauricio , Yánez-Jácome Génesis Belén , Pinto-Arteaga Gustavo Raúl , Rea-Toapanta Antonio Ricardo
Published: February 2024

Existe un interés creciente por reducir el consumo de energía en los sectores económicos, donde el sector residencial es un consumidor sustancial de energía en las sociedades y por tanto, un foco de atención para las políticas de eficiencia y de generación energética renovable. En Ecuador, el consumo residencial representa un 1/4 del total de electricidad que demanda el sistema socioeconómico. La conformación de los hogares ha cambiado por la dinámica demográfica, mejoras socioeconómicas y los esfuerzos por la justicia social, lo cual impacta en el consumo de electricidad. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la dinámica del consumo de energía en el sector residencial del Ecuador a partir de la construcción de tipologías de hogares bajo la jerarquización de variables demográficas, geográficas, económicas y técnicas utilizando una metodología top-down y bottom-up y la aplicación de MuSIASEM para lo cual se utilizó información estadística de Encuestas y Censos Nacionales, que permitió construir las tipologías de hogares y su patrón de consumo. Los resultados muestran consumos de electricidad heterogéneos en los 4,5 millones de hogares presentes en 2017 divididos jerárquicamente en 240 tipologías. El patrón varía desde los hogares de menor consumo con 50 KWh/mes hasta los de mayor consumo de 350 KWh/mes. Por ejemplo, en la zona urbana la mayor tasa se concentra en los hogares conformados por más de 8 personas con tasas entre 150 a 180 KWh/mes, mientras que en la zona rural los valores oscilan entre 90 a 120 KWh/mes, pero difieren por ubicación geográfica y por su jefatura masculina o femenina. Igualmente, los datos permitieron escalar a niveles agregados donde se muestra que, del total de consumo anual de electricidad de 6,428 GWh, el 54% del consumo se concentró en la región Costa que concentra el 51% del total de hogares del sector residencial del Ecuador.
CRIANÇA, AGÊNCIA E MÍDIA NAS RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS UM ESTUDO SOBRE O CASO DE AYLAN KURDI
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Maielo , Santos Éwerton Cléciodos , Rêgo Alana Karla Monteiro Leal
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo direcionar um debate sobre a relação entre o papel de agência da criança e da mídia nas Relações Internacionais (RI), à luz do caso de Aylan Kurdi e de seu impacto na comunidade internacional. Assim, discutimos o papel de agência da criança nas Relações Internacionais problematizando a forma como a disciplina o abrange, destacando a invisibilidade e o silênciamento da contribuição empírica e epistemológica da criança como ator para a comunidade internacional nos discursos dominantes de RI. Em seguida, analisamos o poder de agência da mídia para a comunidade internacional. Num terceiro momento, nos debruçamos sobre o caso de Aylan Kurdi, analisando como as repercussões midiáticas de sua imagem possibilitaram a atenção e a mobilização internacional em torno da agenda política sobre a crise de refugiados, principalmente da Síria. Com isto, buscamos problematizar as concepções ideais, totalizantes, ocidentais e adultocentricas de criança, bem como a forma como a mídia proporciona o reconhecimento dessa postura ao possibilitar que atores não-tradicionais expressem suas demandas. Com base nesta análise, buscamos demonstrar que a criança consiste em um ator que exerce capacidade de agência. A metodologia adotada na pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo, bibliográfico, descritivo, e estudo de caso.
ACORDO FEITO, PROMESSA CUMPRIDA? COMPLIANCE E RECEPÇÃO DE REFUGIADOS VENEZUELANOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Mangueira Ana Beatriz da Costa , Cardoso Anna Karollinne Lopes , Medeiros Marcelo de Almeida
Published: February 2024

O artigo examina como as normas internacionais de direitos humanos explicam a compliance para a recepção de refugiados venezuelanos no Brasil. Nos últimos anos, este país recebeu um número expressivo de nacionais da Venezuela, cuja crise política provocou um deslocamento em massa. Leis, resoluções e políticas públicas criadas para o acolhimento e para integração dos refugiados no Brasil abrangem as variáveis que elucidam a prática das diretrizes recomendadas por tratados internacionais ratificados pelo país, como a Declaração Universal de Direitos Humanos, Convenção de Genebra de 1951 e o Protocolo de 1967. A pesquisa desenvolve um estudo de caso qualitativo com a técnica do process tracing para observar a compliance e identificar os mecanismos causais que precederam o cumprimento. Os resultados confirmam a hipótese de que tanto as normas internacionais de direitos humanos, quanto as políticas públicas explicam o cumprimento das normas no caso do Brasil.