bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE DEMOPHANTUS DECREE
Authors: Sommerstein Alan H.
Published: April 2014

Mirko Canevaro and Edward Harris, in their recent CQ article (henceforth C&H), have rejected, as forgeries or reconstructions of post-classical origin, all the laws and decrees appearing in the text of Andocides' speech On the Mysteries (77–98) and purporting to be the documents which the speaker, at six points in that passage, directs the clerk to read out. I have no quarrel with their arguments (pp. 100–19) for rejecting the documents presented as the decree of Patroclides (§§77–9), the decree of Tisamenus (§§83–4), and a series of new laws passed in 403/2 b.c. (§§85–7) – though in this last case, with the exception of one phrase, the genuineness of the laws themselves is confirmed by the fact that they are cited verbatim by the orator in the surrounding text (§§88–9, 93, 94, 99). I shall be concerned here only with the last document of the group, a decree ascribed to Demophantus (§§96–8), which C&H discuss at pp. 119–25.
RECONSTRUCTING ANCIENT CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE ORPHICTHEOGONY: ARISTOTLE, SYRIANUS AND MICHAEL OF EPHESUS ON ORPHEUS’ SUCCESSION OF THE FIRST GODS
Authors: Kotwick Mirjam E.
Published: April 2014

In the last decades Orphic scholarship has found itself in rather fortunate circumstances: there have been not only spectacular finds such as the Derveni Papyrus and the so-called Orphic Gold Tablets, but these texts together with all the other fragments ascribed to the authoritative author-figure Orpheus have been made accessible in the new and extensive edition by Alberto Bernabé (2004–7). Understandably, recent discussions have focussed especially on the new material. Nevertheless, much work remains to be done on those fragments with which we have long been familiar. The present study puts a new complexion on a text long taken as evidence for an Orphic theogony.
C. SERGIUS ORATA AND THE RHETORIC OF FISHPONDS
Authors: Bannon Cynthia
Published: April 2014

C. Sergius Orata was famous for the oysters that he raised on the Lucrine lake, where he also bought and renovated villas, reselling them at a profit. His oysters changed the market for gourmet seafood by creating a new standard in taste around 100b.c.,and he grew rich enough from this trade to enjoy the luxuries that he purveyed. He was a path-breaking entrepreneur in luxury goods, ‘the first Campanian speculator to cater to the leisure of the great grandees’, as D'Arms described him. Instructive as this interpretation is, it does not address the way Orata is presented in the sources. While the ‘facts’ may be reliable enough to establish a biographical sketch, their presentation has another story to tell because Orata is known from rhetorically coloured portraits that reveal less about him as an individual than about elite identity generally. Fish and fishponds were a favourite target of Roman moralizers concerned with elite behaviour and attitudes. Oysters in particular have a long history as a signal luxury. Orata is a prime example in this tradition, and his name became nearly a trope: ‘Orata’, as I will write when I mean this reputation and not the man himself. Acognomenwas a sign of family identity, but it also could be used as an indicator of character. Although Kajanto rejects this interpretation of Orata's name because of its association with fish, it is the very association with fish that made his name powerful as a literary example, whether or not it reflects anything about his actual personality. No more can be said about the Orata family reputation because he is the only man with thiscognomenin our sources. For Roman moralizers, ‘Orata’ represented the contested relationship between wealth, commerce and status, because his oyster ponds were both a symbolic luxury and a commercial success.
CONCEALED PLEASURE: LUCRETIUS, DE RERUM NATURA 3.237–42
Authors: Shearin W.H.
Published: April 2014

As they appear in E.J. Kenney's Cambridge edition, these lines are:iam triplex animi est igitur natura reperta,nec tamen haec sat sunt ad sensum cuncta creandum,nil horum quoniam recipit mens posse crearesensiferos motus et mens quaecumque volutat.        240quarta quoque his igitur quaedam natura necessestadtribuatur …
STRATEGIES OF PERSUASION IN PHILIPPICS 10 AND 11
Authors: Dawes Tia
Published: April 2014

Cicero's level of success within the senate fluctuated throughout the period of his Philippic orations. These fluctuations reflect the very divisive nature of the conflict with Marcus Antonius, and the ever-changing circumstances that Cicero confronted. The orations themselves record Cicero's improvisational responses to these developments and allow us to study Cicero's range of persuasive techniques over a period of eight months, from September 44, when Cicero delivered his first Philippic, through to April 43, when he delivered his last. There has been a growing body of scholarship dealing with the Philippics, but there remains work to be done on the ad hoc nature of senatorial debate. Manuwald's recent study of praise and blame within the Philippics has provided a starting point, since she identifies strategic elements within the collection as a whole and how these elements functioned in terms of persuasion. She notes the short term use of praise and blame for the purpose of urging the senate to a particular course of action, but her avowed aims were not to isolate strategies within the speeches. And while Frisch provides full coverage of the historical context, he is less concerned with persuasive strategies within and between the speeches themselves. In this regard Philippics 10 and 11 provide an insight into the malleable and ad hoc nature of Roman oratory in the context of senatorial debate. We are able to follow Cicero's shifts in rhetorical strategies as he attempts to meet the exigencies of each situation. Philippics 10 and 11 have ostensibly similar rhetorical aims: to persuade the senate to appoint Marcus Brutus and Caius Cassius to powerful military commands in the eastern provinces, and yet the rhetorical strategies that Cicero employs differ in various ways. My aim is to examine what factors influenced his choice of strategy in the delivery of the two speeches.
APPROPRIATION AND ADAPTATION: REPUBLICAN IDIOM INRES GESTAE1.1
Authors: Hodgson Louise
Published: April 2014

Augustus opens theRes Gestaewith his age: ‘nineteen years old’ (annos undeviginti natus). This places the reader firmly in the autumn of 44, rather than the aftermath of Caesar's assassination on the Ides when Octavian had been eighteen, presumably because the credibility of Octavian's claim to have liberated theres publicarested on his military intervention against Antony and the senate's commendation of it. Velleius Paterculus' summation (which echoes Augustus' formulation in theRG) is clear enough: although the domination of Antony was universally resented, no one was willing to take action against him ‘until Gaius Caesar, shortly after his nineteenth birthday, with marvellous daring and supreme success, on his private initiative (privatum consilium) showed a courage on behalf of theres publicawhich exceeded that of the senate. He summoned his father's veterans first from Calatia then from Casilinum; other veterans followed their example, and in a short time they united to form a regular army’. By raising an army, Octavian made himself politically relevant, but his move was strikingly illegal in two respects: he was too young (the entrance of politicians into public life had been subject to regulation since the formalization of thecursus honorumin 180b.c.; Octavian, entering public life at the age of nineteen, was too young to have set foot on the lowest rung of the ladder, the quaestorship, for which the minimum age was thirty) and he was a private citizen with no authorization whatsoever to do anything of the sort. None the less, he advertises both aspects in the opening sentence: why?
ARIUS, STOBAEUS AND THE SCHOLIAST
Authors: Brennan Tad
Published: April 2014

In this article I argue for a change to the text of Stobaeus’ doxography of Stoic ethics. I propose we emend it by reference to a parallel text in the Scholia in Lucianum. In order to make that argument, I offer a new assessment of the value of the scholiast's report of Stoic doxography – a report that, at least in virtue of its length (over 1,000 words of Greek) ought to be better known to scholars of Stoicism than it currently is.
MEDICAL IMAGERY IN OVID, METAMORPHOSES 1.190–1 AND LIVIA'S ADVICE TO AUGUSTUS
Authors: Heyworth S.J.
Published: April 2014

Ovid in writing Amores 3.11.38–9 showed awareness of Metellus Macedonicus’ speech of 131, which proposed compulsory marriage in order to stimulate the birth rate and which was read to the senate and published at large by Augustus (Suet. Aug. 89.2). I wish to suggest that when he wrote Book 1 of the Metamorphoses Ovid was evoking another political debate in which Augustus was involved. Jupiter announces to the gods that in the end radical surgery is needed when the wickedness of mankind becomes incurable (Met. 1.187–91).
ON THE DATING OF TERPANDER FR. 2
Authors: Metcalf Christopher
Published: April 2014

Surveying the ancient biography and work of Terpander, Maarit Kivilo has recently referred to an observation by Martin West on fr. 2 Gostoli:

Ἀμφί μοι αὖτις ἄναχθ' ἑκαταβόλον ἀειδέτω φρήν

Following parallels in Simonides, Pindar and Aeschylus, West would locate Terpander's use of φρήν in the fifth century b.c. While Kivilo realizes that this observation has serious implications for her attribution of fr. 2 to Terpander, whom she places in the early to mid seventh century, she does not make her own position clear. Other recent contributions by Antonia Gostoli, Alexander Beecroft, Luana Quatrocelli, Carlo Brillante and Timothy Power have not taken up the issue at all. Kivilo's study therefore presents an opportunity to revisit this fragment. While I would not venture to suggest a date, I do hope to show that the particular use of φρήν in fr. 2 does not necessarily point to the fifth century.
CICERO, PRO MURENA 47 AND 85
Authors: Dyck Andrew R.
Published: April 2014

Cicero is narrating various proposals advanced by Servius Sulpicius Rufus in an attempt to save his failing consular campaign of 63. In addition to the lex Tullia de ambitu discussed in the preceding section, he mentions this proposal that was blocked in the senate. The text printed is that of Clark, who compares [Sall.] 2.8.1, citing a law promulgated by C. Gracchus in his tribunate: ut ex confusis quinque classibus sorte centuriae vocarentur. On this basis Clark suspected that the transmitted praerogationum conceals a reference to the praerogativa (centuria), the first to vote in the comitia centuriata, traditionally chosen by lot from the centuries of the first class and the twelve classes of equites, and thus highly influential. Certainly this is more plausible than Mommsen's perrogationem (‘the successive asking for opinions’: OLD s.v. perrogatio), which is not attested in any classical author.
PYRRHA AND PRIENE: A NOTE ON PLUTARCH'S CONVIVIUM SEPTEM SAPIENTIUM 146E–F
Authors: Jazdzewska Katarzyna
Published: April 2014

In Plutarch's Convivium septem sapientium (CSS) a narration of the banquet proper is preceded by an account of the walk to the banquet of three of the participants: Thales, Diocles and Niloxenus, a messenger of the Egyptian pharaoh Amasis. Upon learning that Niloxenus brings a letter from Amasis to Bias, Thales says with laughter: εἴ τι κακὸν αὖθις εἰς Πριήνην· διαλύσει γὰρ Βίας, ὡς διέλυσεν αὐτὸς τὸ πρῶτον (CSS 146E–F: ‘if it is something bad – to Priene again! For Bias will solve it, just as he solved the first one’). Scholars have noticed that Thales’ words echo a Greek proverb, transmitted in Zenobius’ collection: εἴ τι κακὸν εἰς Πύρραν, ‘if it is something bad – to Pyrrha’. However, the purpose of Plutarch's reference to this particular proverb has thus far remained unclear. The aim of this contribution is to shed light on Thales’ words by examining the meaning of the Pyrrha proverb and suggesting an interpretation which explains the function of Plutarch's allusion to it.
Physicalism and the Intrinsic Nature of Consciousness
Authors: LEWTAS PATRICK
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a metaphysical argument against physicalism based on the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic properties. It argues that the physical, as physicalism must understand it, consists entirely of extrinsic properties, whereas consciousness involves at least some intrinsic properties. It concludes that consciousness has non-physical properties and that physicalism is false. The paper then defends its premises against current physicalist thinking. As much as possible, it offers metaphysical arguments about physical and conscious properties rather than epistemological arguments about our physical and phenomenal concepts.
Gorenstein Isolated Quotient Singularities Over ℂ
Authors: Stepanov D. A.
Published: April 2014

In this paper we review the classification of isolated quotient singularities over the field of complex numbers due to Zassenhaus, Vincent and Wolf. As an application, we describe Gorenstein isolated quotient singularities over ℂ, generalizing a result of Kurano and Nishi.
Central Cohomology Operations and K-Theory
Authors: Gálvez-Carrillo Imma , Whitehouse Sarah
Published: April 2014

For stable degree 0 operations, and also for additive unstable operations of bidegree (0, 0), it is known that the centre of the ring of operations for complex cobordism is isomorphic to the corresponding ring of connective complex K-theory operations. Similarly, the centre of the ring of BP operations is the corresponding ring for the Adams summand of p-local connective complex K-theory. Here we show that, in the additive unstable context, this result holds with BP replaced by BP〈n⌰ for any n. Thus, for all chromatic heights, the only central operations are those coming from K-theory.
Integrating fragmented evidence by network meta-analysis: relative effectiveness of psychological interventions for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Gerger H. , Munder T. , Gemperli A. , Nüesch E. , Trelle S. , Jüni P. , Barth J.
Published: April 2014

Background.

To summarize the available evidence on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Method.

We searched bibliographic databases and reference lists of relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses for randomized controlled trials that compared specific psychological interventions for adults with PTSD symptoms either head-to-head or against control interventions using non-specific intervention components, or against wait-list control. Two investigators independently extracted the data and assessed trial characteristics.

Results.

The analyses included 4190 patients in 66 trials. An initial network meta-analysis showed large effect sizes (ESs) for all specific psychological interventions (ESs between −1.10 and −1.37) and moderate effects of psychological interventions that were used to control for non-specific intervention effects (ESs −0.58 and −0.62). ES differences between various types of specific psychological interventions were absent to small (ES differences between 0.00 and 0.27). Considerable between-trial heterogeneity occurred (τ2 = 0.30). Stratified analyses revealed that trials that adhered to DSM-III/IV criteria for PTSD were associated with larger ESs. However, considerable heterogeneity remained. Heterogeneity was reduced in trials with adequate concealment of allocation and in large-sized trials. We found evidence for small-study bias.

Conclusions.

Our findings show that patients with a formal diagnosis of PTSD and those with subclinical PTSD symptoms benefit from different psychological interventions. We did not identify any intervention that was consistently superior to other specific psychological interventions. However, the robustness of evidence varies considerably between different psychological interventions for PTSD, with most robust evidence for cognitive behavioral and exposure therapies.
With Criminal Intent? Forgers at Work in Roman London
Authors: Hall Jenny
Published: April 2014

Over 800 clay coin moulds, excavated from 85 London Wall in 1988, had been used for casting copies of silver denarii and copper-alloy dupondii and asses which dated from Trajan to Trebonianus Gallus. The discovery of the moulds in the ditch ofLondinium's defensive wall led initially to thoughts that this was the concealment of incriminating evidence, but it is now recognised that counterfeiting coins was rife and perhaps even uncontrollable. The wide variety of moulds made it a complicated task to identify the numbers and types of coins used to make the moulds. This article describes the types of moulds found, examines how the moulds were produced, and discusses the prevalence of coin moulds at differing periods and on differing sites in Roman Britain and on the Continent.
GENERAL INEQUALITIES FOR GIBBS POSTERIOR WITH NONADDITIVE EMPIRICAL RISK
Authors: Li Cheng , Jiang Wenxin , Tanner Martin A.
Published: April 2014

The Gibbs posterior is a useful tool for risk minimization, which adopts a Bayesian framework and can incorporate convenient computational algorithms such as Markov chain Monte Carlo. We derive risk bounds for the Gibbs posterior using some general nonasymptotic inequalities, which can be used to derive nearly optimal convergence rates and select models to optimally balance the approximation errors and the stochastic errors. These inequalities are formulated in a very general way that does not require the empirical risk to be a usual sample average over independent observations. We apply this framework to study the convergence rate of the GMM (generalized method of moments) risk and derive an oracle inequality for the ranking risk, where models are selected based on the Gibbs posterior with a nonadditive empirical risk.
Work it, wrap it, fix it, fold it
Authors: SCULTHORPE NEIL , HUTTON GRAHAM
Published: April 2014

The worker/wrapper transformation is a general-purpose technique for refactoring recursive programs to improve their performance. The two previous approaches to formalising the technique were based upon different recursion operators and different correctness conditions. In this paper we show how these two approaches can be generalised in a uniform manner by combining their correctness conditions, extend the theory with new conditions that are both necessary and sufficient to ensure the correctness of the worker/wrapper technique, and explore the benefits that result. All the proofs have been mechanically verified using the Agda system.
Emergency Response in Resource-poor Settings: A Review of a Newly-implemented EMS System in Rural Uganda
Authors: de Ramirez Sarah Stewart , Doll Jacob , Carle Sarah , Anest Trisha , Arii Maya , Hsieh Yu-Hsiang , Okongo Martins , Moresky Rachel , Sachs Sonia Ehrlich , Millin Michael
Published: April 2014

Introduction

The goal of an Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system is to prevent needless death or disability from time-sensitive disease processes. Despite growing evidence that these processes contribute significantly to mortality in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), there has been little focus on the development of EMS systems in poor countries.

Problem

The objective of this study was to understand the utilization pattern of a newly-implemented EMS system in Ruhiira, Uganda.

Methods

An EMS system based on community priorities was implemented in rural Uganda in 2009. Six months of ambulance logs were reviewed. Patient, transfer, and clinical data were extracted and analyzed.

Results

In total, 207 cases were reviewed. Out of all transfers, 66% were for chief complaints that were obstetric related, while 12% were related to malaria. Out of all activations, 77.8% were for female patients. Among men, 34% and 28% were related to malaria and trauma, respectively. The majority of emergency transfers were from district to regional hospitals, including 52% of all obstetric transfers, 65% of malaria transfers, and 62% of all trauma transfers. There was no significant difference in the call to arrival on scene time, the time to scene or the scene to treatment time during the day and night (P > .05). Cost-benefit analysis revealed a cost of $89.95 per life saved with an estimated $0.93/capita to establish the system and $0.09/capita/year to maintain the system.

Conclusion

Contrary to current belief, EMS systems in rural Africa can be affordable and highly utilized, particularly for life-threatening, nontrauma complaints. Construction of a simple but effective EMS system is feasible, acceptable, and an essential component to the primary health care system of LMICs.

Stewart De RamirezS, DollJ, CarleS, AnestT, AriiM, HsiehYH, OkongoM, MoreskyR, SachsSE, MillinM. Emergency response in resource poor-settings: a review of a newly-implemented EMS system in rural Uganda. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(3):1-6.
Transfer of Real-time Ultrasound Video of FAST Examinations from a Simulated Disaster Scene Via a Mobile Phone
Authors: Adhikari Srikar , Blaivas Michael , Lyon Matthew , Shiver Stephen
Published: April 2014

Objective

Disaster management is a complex and difficult undertaking that may involve limited health care resources and evaluation of multiple victims. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of real-time ultrasound video transmission from a simulated disaster triage location via commercially available video mobile phones and assess the ability of emergency physicians to accurately interpret the transmitted video of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) ultrasound examinations.

Methods

This was a prospective, observational study that took place at a simulated disaster scene put on for an Advanced Disaster Life Support (ADLS) course. The second component occurred at a Level I academic urban emergency department (ED) with an annual census of 78,000. Nineteen subjects at a simulated disaster scene were scanned using a SonoSite Titan ultrasound system (Bothell, Washington USA). An off-the-shelf, basic, video-capable mobile phone was used to record each ultrasound examination; and then immediately transmit the videos to another mobile phone approximately 170 miles away. The transmitted video was received by three emergency physicians with hospital credentialing in emergency ultrasound. Each FAST examination video was assessed for pathology, such as free fluid. The reviewers graded the image quality and documented the overall confidence level regarding whether or not a complete and adequate examination was visualized. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the agreement between the reviewers and the sonologist who performed the ultrasound examinations.

Results

A total of 19 videos were transmitted. The median time for transmission of a video was 82.5 seconds (95% CI, 67.7 seconds-97.3 seconds). No video failed to transmit correctly on the first attempt. The image quality ratings for the three reviewers were 7.7, 7.5, and 7.4 on a 10-point Likert scale. There was a moderate agreement between the reviewers and sonologist in image quality rating and overall confidence level scores (rho = 0.6).

Conclusions

Real-time portable ultrasound video transmission via commercially available video mobile phones from a simulated disaster triage location is feasible and emergency physicians were able to accurately interpret video of FAST ultrasound examinations.

AdhikariS, BlaivasM, LyonM, ShiverS. Transfer of real-time ultrasound video of FAST examinations from a simulated disaster scene via a mobile phone. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(3):1-4.
TRUTH AND SPEED-UP
Authors: FISCHER MARTIN
Published: April 2014

In this paper, we investigate the phenomenon ofspeed-upin the context of theories of truth. We focus on axiomatic theories of truth extending Peano arithmetic. We are particularly interested on whether conservative extensions of PA have speed-up and on how this relates to a deflationist account. We show that disquotational theories have no significant speed-up, in contrast to some compositional theories, and we briefly assess the philosophical implications of these results.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Schools: Validation of a Questionnaire
Authors: Neves Paula C. , Paixão Rui , Alarcão Madalena , Gomes A. Duarte
Published: April 2014

The present study examines the psychometric properties (including factorial validity) of an organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) scale in a school context. A total of 321 middle and high school teachers from 59 schools in urban and rural areas of central Portugal completed the OCB scale at their schools. The confirmatory factor analysis validated a hierarchical model with four latent factors on the first level (altruism, conscientiousness, civic participation and courtesy) and a second order factor (OCB). The revised model fit with the data, χ2/gl = 1.97; CFI = .962; GFI = .952, RMSEA = .05. The proposed scale (comportamentos de cidadania organizacional em escolas- Revista CCOE-R)- is a valid instrument to assess teacher’s perceptions of OCB in their schools, allowing investigation at the organizational level of analysis.
Revitalizing Personalized Medicine: Respecting Biomolecular Complexities Beyond Gene Expression
Authors: Jayachandran D , Ramkrishna U , Skiles J , Renbarger J , Ramkrishna D
Published: April 2014

Despite recent advancements in “omic” technologies, personalized medicine has not realized its fullest potential due to isolated and incomplete application of gene expression tools. In many instances, pharmacogenomics is being interchangeably used for personalized medicine, when actually it is one of the many facets of personalized medicine. Herein, we highlight key issues that are hampering the advancement of personalized medicine and highlight emerging predictive tools that can serve as a decision support mechanism for physicians to personalize treatments.

CPT Pharmacometrics Syst. Pharmacol. (2014) 3, e110; doi:10.1038/psp.2014.6; published online 16 April 2014
Catalytic bismetallative multicomponent coupling reactions: scope, applications, and mechanisms
Authors: Cho Hee Yeon , Morken James P.
Published: April 2014

This review covers the bis-metallative coupling of unsaturated functional groups under the agency of transition metal catalysts.
Lysozyme-directed synthesis of platinum nanoclusters as a mimic oxidase
Authors: Yu Cheng-Ju , Chen Tzu-Heng , Jiang Jhih-Yu , Tseng Wei-Lung
Published: April 2014

Lysozyme-stabilized platinum nonoclusters not only produce an intense blue emission but also exhibit oxidase-like activity.
Electrochemical detection of p-ethylguaiacol, a fungi infected fruit volatile using metal oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Fang Yi , Umasankar Yogeswaran , Ramasamy Ramaraja P.
Published: April 2014

The highly sensitive detection ofp-ethylguaiacol at low concentrations using SnO2and TiO2metal oxide nanoparticles is described.
Analysis of phenolic compounds in onion nectar by miniaturized off-line solid phase extraction-capillary zone electrophoresis
Authors: Verónica C. Soto , María de los Ángeles Fernández , Claudio R. Galmarini , Fernanda Silva María
Published: April 2014

Onion is an important vegetable crop which depends heavily on cross-pollinating insects for any significant increase in seed production.
A bromine-radical mediated three-component reaction comprising allenes, electron-deficient alkenes and allyl bromides: facile synthesis of 2-bromo-1,7-dienes
Authors: Kippo Takashi , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: April 2014

A bromine-radical mediated three-component coupling reaction was effectively achieved by the use of allenes, electron-deficient alkenes, and allyl bromides and led to the synthesis of 2-bromo-1,7-dienes in good to high yields.
An enantioselective cascade reaction between α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and malonic half-thioesters: a rapid access to chiral δ-lactones
Authors: Ren Qiao , Sun Shaofa , Huang Jiayao , Li Wenjun , Wu Minghu , Guo Haibing , Wang Jian
Published: April 2014

Chiral saturated δ-lactones, ubiquitous bioactive O-heterocycles in nature, are readily prepared via a direct enantioselective decarboxylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls and malonic half-thioesters.
A heavy metal- and oxidant-free, one-pot synthesis of pyridines and fused pyridines based on a Lewis acid-catalyzed multicomponent reaction
Authors: Raja V. P. Alex , Tenti Giammarco , Perumal Subbu , Menéndez J. Carlos
Published: April 2014

Pyridines and fused pyridines are accessible by a combination of a Lewis acid-catalyzed multicomponent reaction and aromatization involving loss of a 2-furylmethyl chain.
Palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative allylic C–H arylation of alkenes with polyfluorobenzenes
Authors: Jiang Huanfeng , Yang Wanfei , Chen Huoji , Li Jianxiao , Wu Wanqing
Published: April 2014

Palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative direct allylic C–H arylation of alkenes, with polyfluorobenzenes, for the creation of allyl–aryl bonds, is reported.
Investigation of putative arene-C–H⋯π(quasi-chelate ring) interactions in copper(i) crystal structures
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Halim Siti Nadiah Abdul , Ng Seik Weng , Tan Seng Lim , Zukerman-Schpector Julio , Ferreira Marco A. B. , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: April 2014

Interactions of the type C–H⋯π(CuCl⋯HNCS), i.e. C–H⋯π(quasi-chelate ring) where a six-membered quasi-chelate ring is closed by an N–H⋯Cl hydrogen bond, are presented.
Synthesis of alkylidene pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-7-one derivatives via RhIII-catalyzed cascade oxidative alkenylation/annulation of picolinamides
Authors: Martínez Ángel Manu , Rodríguez Nuria , Gómez Arrayás Ramón , Carretero Juan C.
Published: April 2014

A practical Rh-catalyzed oxidative cascade ortho-olefination/annulation of picolinamides leading to pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridines has been developed.
Pentacoordinate silicon(iv): cationic, anionic and neutral complexes derived from the reaction of NHC→SiCl4 with highly Lewis acidic (C2F5)2SiH2
Authors: Böttcher T. , Steinhauer S. , Neumann B. , Stammler H.-G. , Röschenthaler G.-V. , Hoge B.
Published: April 2014

Addition of NHC→SiCl4 to the highly Lewis acidic bis(pentafluoroethyl)silane ((C2F5)2SiH2) afforded the salt [(NHC)2SiCl2H][(C2F5)2SiCl3] with pentacoordinate silicon in the cation and the anion.
Conformational changes of globular proteins upon adsorption on a hydrophobic surface
Authors: Moskovitz Yevgeny , Srebnik Simcha
Published: April 2014

Coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulations are used to study thermal denaturation of small globular proteins adsorbed on a hydrophobic surface. Though helices are more stable than sheets, they are highly deformed in the adsorbed protein.
Improved H2S gas sensing properties of ZnO nanorods decorated by a several nm ZnS thin layer
Authors: Qi Gaocan , Zhang Li , Yuan Zhihao
Published: April 2014

The sensing properties of ZnO nanorods to low concentrations of H2S were improved by a confinement effect of a ZnS thin layer.
Selective formation of α,ω-ester amides from the aminocarbonylation of castor oil derived methyl 10-undecenoate and other unsaturated substrates
Authors: Jiménez-Rodriguez Cristina , Núñez-Magro Angel A. , Seidensticker Thomas , Eastham Graham R. , Furst Marc R. L. , Cole-Hamilton David J.
Published: April 2014

Methyl 10-undecenoate from castor oil is aminocarbonylated to α,ω-amidoesters for possible use in polyamide or polyester amide monomer production.
MgO: an excellent catalyst support for CO oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate
Authors: Peng Si-Yan , Xu Zhong-Ning , Chen Qing-Song , Wang Zhi-Qiao , Chen Yumin , Lv Dong-Mei , Lu Gang , Guo Guo-Cong
Published: April 2014

We firstly found that basic MgO can serve as an excellent support for Pd catalysts for CO oxidative coupling to DMO and further developed a low Pd loading (ca. 0.5 wt%) Pd/MgO catalyst with high activity, selectivity and stability.
Large fill-factor bilayer iodine perovskite solar cells fabricated by a low-temperature solution-process
Authors: Wang Qi , Shao Yuchuan , Dong Qingfeng , Xiao Zhengguo , Yuan Yongbo , Huang Jinsong
Published: April 2014

This work studied the influence of the methylammonium iodide/lead iodine precursor ratio on the perovskite film morphology and device performance.
Quantitative analysis of phosphorus in steel using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in air atmosphere
Authors: Li Chang Mao , Zou Zhi Min , Yang Xin Yan , Hao Zhong Qi , Guo Lian Bo , Li Xiang You , Lu Yong Feng , Zeng Xiao Yan
Published: April 2014

The quantitative analysis of phosphorus in iron/steel in air atmosphere is considered a challenge for LIBS due to strong interference from the matrix.
Cationic β-cyclodextrin-modified hybrid magnetic microspheres as chiral selectors for selective chiral absorption of dansyl amino acids
Authors: Wu Jingwei , Su Ping , Guo Danhua , Huang Jun , Yang Yi
Published: April 2014

Chiral selective magnetic microspheres based on imidazolium cationic-modified β-CD derivatives have been developed for direct enantioseparation of dansyl amino acids.
Ionic liquids with a theophyllinate anion
Authors: Markiewicz Bartosz , Sznajdrowska Agata , Chrzanowski Łukasz , Ławniczak Łukasz , Zgoła-Grześkowiak Agnieszka , Kubiak Krzysztof , Nawrot Jan , Pernak Juliusz
Published: April 2014

A novel group of theophylline-based ionic liquids displayed efficient antifeedant, fungicidal and bactericidal activities, proving to be promising for potential applications.
Facile synthesis of intense green light emitting LiGdF4:Yb,Er-based upconversion bipyramidal nanocrystals and their polymer composites
Authors: Na Hyejin , Jeong Jong Seok , Chang Hye Jung , Kim Hyun You , Woo Kyoungja , Lim Kipil , Mkhoyan K. Andre , Jang Ho Seong
Published: April 2014

Intense upconversion green light emitting LiGdF4:Yb,Er-based tetragonal bipyramidal nanophosphors are synthesized via Y3+ doping. The highly transparent composites emit bright green luminescence.
Graphene oxide nanosheets promoted regioselective and green synthesis of new dicoumarols
Authors: Khodabakhshi Saeed , Karami Bahador , Eskandari Khalil , Hoseini S. Jafar , Rashidi Alimorad
Published: April 2014

Graphene oxide (GO) was obtained by modified Hummers oxidation of graphite and used as a highly efficient, metal-free, non-oxidative, and recyclable catalyst to promote the condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aryl glyoxals for synthesis of new dicoumarols.
Enhancement of breakdown strength and energy density in BaTiO3/ferroelectric polymer nanocomposites via processing-induced matrix crystallinity and uniformity
Authors: Kim Yunsang , Smith O'Neil L. , Kathaperumal Mohanalingam , Johnstone Lucas R. , Pan Ming-Jen , Perry Joseph W.
Published: April 2014

Blade casting of BaTiO3/P(VDF-co-HFP) nanocomposites has improved morphology resulting in enhanced breakdown strength and energy density (7 J cm−3).
Mechanical properties of polycrystalline boron-nitride nanosheets
Authors: Mortazavi Bohayra , Cuniberti Gianaurelio
Published: April 2014

First molecular dynamics study was conducted to explore mechanical-failure response of polycrystalline boron-nitride films. Modeling results reveal remarkably high mechanical properties of CVD grown boron-nitride sheets.
Vinyl silane-functionalized rice husk ash-reinforced unsaturated polyester nanocomposites
Authors: Kanimozhi K. , Prabunathan P. , Selvaraj V. , Alagar M.
Published: April 2014

Organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites based on vinyl silane-functionalized rice husk ash-reinforced unsaturated polyester resin were developed and characterized.
Energy and environmental usage of super porous poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propan sulfonic acid) cryogel support
Authors: Sahiner Nurettin , Seven Fahriye
Published: April 2014

Superporous and nonporous p(AMPS) cryogels and hydrogels were prepared under freezing conditions (−18 °C) and at room temperature (25 °C), respectively.
Novel electro-optic chromophores based on substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene π-conjugated bridges
Authors: Si Peng , Liu Jialei , Deng Guowei , Huang Heyan , Xu Huajun , Bo Shuhui , Qiu Ling , Zhen Zhen , Liu Xinhou
Published: April 2014

The electro-optic coefficient of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene unit (BDT)-based chromophores was improved to 102 pm V−1 with suitable isolation groups and electron donors.
A new method for the enamination of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds catalyzed by laccase in water
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Zhi , Wang Chunyu , Wang Haoran , Cheng Tiexin , Wang Lei
Published: April 2014

Laccase-catalyzed enamination of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in water.
Manipulation of cuprous oxide surfaces for improving their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Yoon Sanghwa , Kim Misung , Kim In-Soo , Lim Jae-Hong , Yoo Bongyoung
Published: April 2014

Manipulating the surface characteristics of metal oxide electrodes allows the properties of the interface between electrodes and the electrolyte to be controlled and can lead to improvements in both efficiency and reliability of the electrodes.
Evaluation of La0.3Sr0.7Ti1−xCoxO3 as a potential cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Du Zhihong , Zhao Hailei , Shen Yongna , Wang Lu , Fang Mengya , Świerczek Konrad , Zheng Kun
Published: April 2014

La0.3Sr0.7Ti1−xCoxO3 perovskite, with excellent electrochemical performance and good structural stability, is a promising candidate for the cathode of IT-SOFCs.
Development of novel charged surface modifying macromolecule blended PES membranes to remove EDCs and PPCPs from drinking water sources
Authors: Rana Dipak , Narbaitz Roberto M. , Garand-Sheridan Anne-Marie , Westgate Amy , Matsuura Takeshi , Tabe Shahram , Jasim Saad Y.
Published: April 2014

The aim of this study was to develop novel surface-modified poly(ether sulfone) (PES) ultra-filtration (UF) membranes for removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs).
Synthesis and study of magnetic properties of high temperature stable Ni nanoparticles in a nearly amorphous AlPO4 matrix in an oxidative atmosphere
Authors: Maharana Rajalaxmi , Raja M. Manivel , Prasad V. V. Bhanu , Paik Pradip , Roy Subir
Published: April 2014

Graphitized carbon coated Ni nanoparticles were synthesized in an AlPO4 matrix in situ in an oxidative atmosphere without using any foreign reducing agent.
Thermal spin-transfer torque in magnetic tunnel junctions (invited)
Authors: Heiliger Christian , Franz C. , Czerner Michael
Published: April 2014

The thermal spin-transfer torque (TSTT) is an effect to switch the magnetic free layer in a magnetic tunnel junction by a temperature gradient only. We present ab initio calculations of the TSTT. In particular, we discuss the influence of magnetic layer composition by considering FexCo1–x alloys. Further, we compare the TSTT to the bias voltage driven STT and discuss the requirements for a possible thermal switching. For example, only for very thin barriers of 3 monolayers MgO, a thermal switching is imaginable. However, even for such a thin barrier, the TSTT is still too small for switching at the moment and further optimization is needed. In particular, the TSTT strongly depends on the composition of the ferromagnetic layer. In our current study, it turns out that at the chosen thickness of the ferromagnetic layer, pure Fe gives the highest thermal spin-transfer torque.
Non-invasive material discrimination using spectral x-ray radiography
Authors: Gilbert Andrew J. , McDonald Benjamin S. , Robinson Sean M. , Jarman Ken D. , White Tim A. , Deinert Mark R.
Published: April 2014

Current radiographic methods are limited in their ability to determine the presence of nuclear materials in containers or composite objects. A central problem is the inability to distinguish the attenuation pattern of high-density metals from those with a greater thickness of a less dense material. Here, we show that spectrally sensitive detectors can be used to discriminate plutonium from multiple layers of other materials using a single-view radiograph. An inverse algorithm with adaptive regularization is used. The algorithm can determine the presence of plutonium in simulated radiographs with a mass resolution per unit area of at least 0.07 g cm−2.
Self-consistent electric field-induced dipole interaction of colloidal spheres, cubes, rods, and dumbbells
Authors: Kwaadgras Bas W. , van Roij René , Dijkstra Marjolein
Published: April 2014

When calculating the interaction between electric field-induced dipoles, the dipole moments are often taken to be equal to their polarizability multiplied by the external electric field. However, this approach is not exact, since it does not take into account the fact that particles with a dipole moment affect the local electric field experienced by other particles. In this work, we employ the Coupled Dipole Method to calculate the electric-field-induced dipole pair interaction self-consistently: that is, we take into account many-body effects on the individual induced dipole moments. We calculate interactions of particles with nonvanishing dimensions by splitting them up into self-consistently inducible “chunks” of polarizable matter. For point dipoles, spheres, cubes, rods, and dumbbells, we discuss the differences and commonalities between our self-consistent approach and the aforementioned approach of pre-assigning dipole moments to either the point dipoles or, in the case of spatially extended particles, to the chunks making up the particle.
Accurate phase diagram of tetravalent DNA nanostars
Authors: Rovigatti Lorenzo , Bomboi Francesca , Sciortino Francesco
Published: April 2014

We evaluate, by means of molecular dynamics simulations employing a realistic DNA coarse-grained model, the phase behaviour and the structural and dynamic properties of tetravalent DNA nanostars, i.e., nanoconstructs completely made of DNA. We find that, as the system is cooled down, tetramers undergo a gas–liquid phase separation in a region of concentrations which, if the difference in salt concentration is taken into account, is comparable with the recently measured experimental phase diagram [S. Biffi, R. Cerbino, F. Bomboi, E. M. Paraboschi, R. Asselta, F. Sciortino, and T. Bellini, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110, 15633 (2013)]. We also present a mean-field free energy for modelling the phase diagram based on the bonding contribution derived by Wertheim in his studies of associating liquids. Combined with mass-action law expressions appropriate for DNA binding and a numerically evaluated reference free energy, the resulting free energy qualitatively reproduces the numerical data. Finally, we report information on the nanostar structure, e.g., geometry and flexibility of the single tetramer and of the collective behaviour, providing a useful reference for future small angle scattering experiments, for all investigated temperatures and concentrations.
On boundary fusion and functional relations in the Baxterized affine Hecke algebra
Authors: Babichenko A. , Regelskis V.
Published: April 2014

We construct boundary type operators satisfying fused reflection equation for arbitrary representations of the Baxterized affine Hecke algebra. These operators are analogues of the fused reflection matrices in solvable half-line spin chain models. We show that these operators lead to a family of commuting transfer matrices of Sklyanin type. We derive fusion type functional relations for these operators for two families of representations.
Quantifying networks complexity from information geometry viewpoint
Authors: Felice Domenico , Mancini Stefano , Pettini Marco
Published: April 2014

We consider a Gaussian statistical model whose parameter space is given by the variances of random variables. Underlying this model we identify networks by interpreting random variables as sitting on vertices and their correlations as weighted edges among vertices. We then associate to the parameter space a statistical manifold endowed with a Riemannian metric structure (that of Fisher-Rao). Going on, in analogy with the microcanonical definition of entropy in Statistical Mechanics, we introduce an entropic measure of networks complexity. We prove that it is invariant under networks isomorphism. Above all, considering networks as simplicial complexes, we evaluate this entropy on simplexes and find that it monotonically increases with their dimension.
Topological horseshoes in travelling waves of discretized nonlinear wave equations
Authors: Chen Yi-Chiuan , Chen Shyan-Shiou , Yuan Juan-Ming
Published: April 2014

Applying the concept of anti-integrable limit to coupled map lattices originated from space-time discretized nonlinear wave equations, we show that there exist topological horseshoes in the phase space formed by the initial states of travelling wave solutions. In particular, the coupled map lattices display spatio-temporal chaos on the horseshoes.
The Berry phase and the phase of the determinant
Authors: Braverman Maxim
Published: April 2014

We show that under very general assumptions the adiabatic approximation of the phase of the zeta-regularized determinant of the imaginary-time Schrödinger operator with periodic Hamiltonian is equal to the Berry phase.
State-resolved imaging of CO from propenal photodissociation: Signatures of concerted three-body dissociation
Authors: Dey Arghya , Fernando Ravin , Suits Arthur G.
Published: April 2014

State-selected DC sliced images of propenal photodissociation show clear signatures of a novel synchronous concerted three-body dissociation of propenal recently proposed by Lee and co-workers to give C2H2 + H2 + CO [S. H. Lee, C. H. Chin, C. Chaudhuri, ChemPhysChem 12, 753 (2011)]. Unlike any prior example of a concerted 3-body dissociation event, this mechanism involves breaking three distinct bonds and yields 3 distinct molecules. DC sliced images of CO fragments were recorded for a range of rotational levels for both v = 0 and v = 1. The results show formation of two distinct CO product channels having dissimilar translational energy distributions with characteristic rovibrational state distributions. The images for CO (v = 0) show a large contribution of slower CO fragments at lower rotational levels (J = 5–25). This slow component is completely absent from the v = 1 CO images. The images for the higher rotational levels of the v = 0 and v = 1 CO are nearly identical, and this provides a basis for decomposing the two channels for v = 0. The quantum state and translational energy distributions for the slow channel are readily assigned to the 3-body dissociation based on the properties of the transition state. The faster CO fragments dominating the higher rotational levels in both v = 0 and v = 1 are attributed to formation of CH3CH + CO, also in agreement with the inferences based on previous non-state-resolved measurements with supporting theoretical calculations.
Far-infrared collision-induced absorption in rare gas mixtures: Quantum and semi-classical calculations
Authors: Buryak Ilya , Frommhold Lothar , Vigasin Andrey A.
Published: April 2014

We compare calculations of the translational collision-induced spectra and their integrated intensities of both He–Ar and Ne–Ar collisional complexes, using the quantum mechanical and a semiclassical formalism. Advanced potential energy and induced dipole functions are used for the calculations. The quantum method used is as described previously [L. Frommhold, Collision-induced Absorption in Gases (Cambridge University Press, 1993 and 2006)]. The semiclassical method is based on repeated classical atom-atom scattering calculations to simulate an ensemble average; subsequent Fourier transform then renders the binary absorption coefficient as a function of frequency. The problem of classical calculations is the violation of the principle of detailed balance, which may be introduced only artificially in classical calculations. Nevertheless, it is shown that the use of classical trajectories permits a fairly accurate reproduction of the experimental spectra, comparable to the quantum mechanical results at not too low temperatures and for collisional pairs of not too small reduced mass. Inexpensive classical calculations may thus be promising to compute spectra also of molecular pairs, or even of polyatomic collisional pairs with anisotropic intermolecular interactions, for which the quantum approach is still inefficient or impractical.