bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimorbidity-associated emergency hospital admissions: a “screen and link” strategy to improve outcomes for high-risk patients in sub-Saharan Africa: a prospective multicentre cohort study protocol
Authors: Spencer Stephen A. , Rutta Alice , Hyuha Gimbo , Banda Gift Treighcy , Choko Augustine , Dark Paul , Hertz Julian T. , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Mfinanga Juma , Mijumbi Rhona , Muula Adamson , Nyirenda Mulinda , Rosu Laura , Rubach Matthew , Salimu Sangwani , Sakita Francis , Salima Charity , Sawe Hendry , Simiyu Ibrahim , Taegtmeyer Miriam , Urasa Sarah , White Sarah , Yongolo Nateiya M. , Rylance Jamie , Morton Ben , Worrall Eve , Limbani Felix ,   MultiLink Consortium
Published: May 2024

Background The prevalence of multimorbidity (the presence of two or more chronic health conditions) is rapidly increasing in sub–Saharan Africa. Hospital care pathways that focus on single presenting complaints do not address this pressing problem. This has the potential to precipitate frequent hospital readmissions, increase health system and out-of-pocket expenses, and may lead to premature disability and death. We aim to present a description of inpatient multimorbidity in a multicentre prospective cohort study in Malawi and Tanzania. Primary objectives Determine prevalence of multimorbid disease among adult medical admissions and measure patient outcomes. Health Economic: Measure economic costs incurred and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 90 days post-admission. Situation analysis: Qualitatively describe pathways of patients with multimorbidity through the health system. Secondary objectives Determine hospital readmission free survival and markers of disease control 90 days after admission. Health Economic: Present economic costs from patient and health system perspective, sub-analyse costs and HRQoL according to presence of different diseases. Situation analysis: Understand health literacy related to their own diseases and experience of care for patients with multimorbidity and their caregivers. Methods This is a prospective longitudinal cohort study of adult (≥18 years) acute medical hospital admissions with nested health economic and situation analysis in four hospitals: 1) Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi; 2) Chiradzulu District Hospital, Malawi; 3) Hai District Hospital, Boma Ng’ombe, Tanzania; 4) Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Follow-up duration will be 90 days from hospital admission. We will use consecutive recruitment within 24 hours of emergency presentation and stratified recruitment across four sites. We will use point-of-care tests to refine estimates of disease pathology. We will conduct qualitative interviews with patients, caregivers, healthcare providers and policymakers; focus group discussions with patients and caregivers, and observations of hospital care pathways.
Primary school attainment outcomes in children with neurodisability: Protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked education and hospital data from England
Authors: Cant Ayana , Zylbersztejn Ania , Gimeno Laura , Gilbert Ruth , Harron Katie
Published: May 2024

Background Neurodisability describes a broad range of heterogenous conditions affecting the brain and/or the neuromuscular system that result in functional limitations including cognitive, sensory, and motor impairments. Children with neurodisability have complex health and educational needs. They are likely to achieve below-expected levels in measures of school attainment and require special educational needs provision. While the educational outcomes of children with specific conditions under neurodisability have been investigated previously, there is little evidence on the collective outcomes of population or the progression of their attainment throughout primary school. This study aims to describe educational attainment and attainment trajectories by the end of primary school for children in England with neurodisability recorded in hospital records, compared to their peers. Methods We will use the Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data (ECHILD) database, which links educational and health records across England. We will define a primary school cohort of children who were born in National Health Service funded hospitals in England between 1st September 2003 and 31st August 2008, who were enrolled in reception of a state-funded primary school at age 4/5 years. Children with neurodisability will be identified using diagnostic and procedure codes recorded from birth to the end of primary school (age 11) in hospital admission records. We will describe educational outcomes at reception (Early Years Foundation Stage Profile, age 4/5), year two (key stage one, age 6/7), and year six (key stage two, age 10/11) for three groups of children: those with an indicator of neurodisability first recorded before the beginning of primary school, those with an indicator of neurodisability first recorded during primary school, and those without a record of neurodisability before the end of primary school. We will additionally explore the variation in educational outcomes between these groups, accounting for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics.
Analysis of the influence of microgravity and space radiation on astronauts’ gene expression: An approach using quantum simulations and fuzzy logic
Authors: Vargas Cruz Miguel Angel
Published: May 2024

An analysis of the effects of microgravity and space radiation on astronauts’ RNA expression has been developed, utilizing data from NASA’s “Cell-Free RNA Analysis of Plasma Samples Collected from Six Astronauts in JAXA Cell-Free Epigenome (CFE) Study.” The project aims to deepen our understanding of how the space environment affects gene expression, particularly in key genes such as ACTB and ACTG1, by employing quantum simulations and unconventional logic, including quantum and fuzzy logic. The results suggest that specific genes like ACTB and ACTG1 undergo significant changes in their expression under these unique conditions. This in-terdisciplinary approach allows for a detailed analysis of gene expression data and explores the potential of emerging technologies in space research and bioinformatics.
Preparation of modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (l-Arg-CS/MWCNTs-COOH/Fe3O4) as sorbent for dispersive solid phase extraction of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) in wastewater samples
Authors:   Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Research Center (APIRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, DAHAJI Roghayeh Rais Mohammadi , MOGHIMI Ali ,   Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Research Center (APIRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, SHAHBAZI Hamidreza ,   Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Research Center (APIRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, FARAJI Hakim ,   Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Research Center (APIRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, AZIZINEJAD Fariborz ,   Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Research Center (APIRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2024

A new modified multiwalled carbon nanotube (l-Arg-CS/MWCNTs-COOH/Fe3O4) as sorbent of dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) was synthesized for preconcentration and determination of Cu (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) in wastewater samples. The successful formation of sorbent was characterized by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, SEM (Scanning electron microscope), and XRD (X-ray diffraction). Batch experiments such as solution pH, amount of adsorbent, extraction time, type and volume rate of eluent and etc were achieved to study the sorption process. At optimized conditions the adsorbent shows good recovery with 4mL ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) EDTA( as eluent. Good fitting of sorption kinetics by pseudo-second-order model was obtained. Limits of detection were found in the range of 0.10-0.12 μg L−1 for metal ions, the liner range was 5-1000 μg L−1 for Cd(II) and 10-1000 μg L−1 for Cu(II) and Pb(II) and the preconcentration factor 60, 65 and 55 for Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II), respectively. The relative standard deviation was in the range of 1.5-2.3 %. Results showed that the new magnetic nanosorbent was an efficient DSPE adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of Cu (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) in wastewater samples.
Fast and precise CoFe3O4/TiO2/MWCNT-based voltammetric sensor preparation for salbutamol determination
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Inonu University, Malatya/ Turkey, EMRE Fatma Bilge
Published: May 2024

Salbutamol is an important drug that opens the medium and large air spaces in the lungs. In this study, CoFe3O4, CoFe3O4/MWCNT, and CoFe3O4/TiO2/MWCNT modified electrode structures are prepared separately to determine the effect of each modification agent on salbutamol responses. The prepared electrodes are firstly structurally characterized by the FT-IR technique. The surface morphology and structure of electrodes are then analyzed by SEM, and AFM techniques. EDX analyses were performed to clarify this structural change on the electrode surface. The salbutamol activity of the modified electrodes is determined by DPV in 0.1 M PBS. The modified electrode shows a linear response in the concentration range of 2-18 µM salbutamol, and an R2 value of 0.9587 is achieved. LOD and LOQ of the modified electrode are determined as 1.39 µM and 22.87 µM, respectively. Considering the reproducibility of the experimental results, non-interference of the interfering species, and the measurement range, it is determined that it can be successfully used to figure out the concentration of salbutamol in physiological fluids and commercial form.
Analysis of local anesthetics side effects and determination of ways for their minimization
Authors: Щокіна К. Г. , Ткачова О. В. , Бєлік Г. В. , Савохіна М. В.
Published: May 2024

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the development of side effects of drugs is one of the serious medical problems.The relevance of this problem is proven by numerous statistical data obtained in different countries of the world.
The aim of the study was to determine the assortment of local anesthetics (LAs) on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, to analyze the evidence base of the effectiveness and safety of modern LAs, to monitor the side effects (SEs) of LAs in Kharkiv and Kharkiv region for the period 2018–2021, and to provide recommendations for their minimization.
The methods of passive pharmacovigilance, method of spontaneous reports, method of system approach and system analysis were used in the study. To analyze the clinical effectiveness and conditions of rational use of LAs, well-known data bases were used: Cochrane Library, Trip Database, and PubMed. These databases contain systematized primary or secondary information on a specific clinical issue: the effectiveness and safety of various medical technologies.
The results of the analysis of the assortment of LAs on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine showed that in 2023, based on 9 international non-patented names of LAs, 65 trade names were presented. Bupivacaine and procaine drugs (16 trade names each) and articaine drugs in combinations (13 trade names) are market leaders.
The results of the analysis of notification cards with cases of SEs for 4 years revealed that the majority of them in the form of dizziness, weakness, changes in blood pressure, heart rate, edema, itching, hyperemia at the site of application were recorded when using lidocaine drugs, which are the most in demand and popular among doctors.
According to the data of systematic reviews, the main directions for reducing the side effects of LAs have been established, such as administration under ultrasound control, the use of the least toxic modern anesthetics ropivacaine and levobupivacaine (not available on the Ukrainian market), the addition of substances with vasoconstrictive properties to the anesthetic solution, the use of combinations of long-acting and short-acting anesthetics.
The results obtained can be used by practicing doctors and health care organizers to optimize LAs.
Creando caminos para la construcción de una política de inclusión educativa
Authors: Sandoval Flores Etelvina , Rangel Montalvo Karla
Published: May 2024

En 2019, México experimentó una reforma educativa promovida por un gobierno del cambio que planteó el derecho a una educación obligatoria, universal, inclusiva, pública, gratuita y laica desde una perspectiva humanista en el marco del proyecto denominado Nueva Escuela Mexicana (NEM). Este artículo expone el camino seguido, por la Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP) y la Comisión Nacional para la Mejora Continua de la Educación (MEJOREDU), para promover y apuntalar en leyes y proyectos la educación inclusiva en favor de la formación integral de niñas, niños, adolescentes y jóvenes. En este interjuego de planteamientos normativos y acciones generadas por ambas instancias, pretendemos dar cuenta de la concreción de una política en propuestas y acciones, al mismo tiempo que de la complejidad para desarrollar cambios educativos de fondo. Pensar en una política con justicia social que concibe a la educación inclusiva desde un marco amplio que considera las condiciones de exclusión y desigualdad que afectan las trayectorias educativas, y apela a una visión concurrente que garantice una educación equitativa para todas y todos, es un camino emprendido que requiere una participación colectiva. En ese sentido, nos interesa ubicar los avances, pero también los desafíos que presenta esta nueva perspectiva para ponerse en acto entre los distintos sujetos educativos y escolares en el interjuego entre una voluntad política, las especificidades del Sistema Educativo Nacional de México (SEN) y las prácticas sedimentadas en las culturas escolares.
Riddles of Lupus Anticoagulant in children
Authors: Jamal Chowdhury Yakub
Published: May 2024

Abstract not available 
BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2022; VOL 46 (3) : 100-101
Gallbladder Wall Thickening for Early Detection of Plasma Leakage Among Children with Dengue Fever Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khanam Morsheda , Ferdoucy Sultana Amena , Rahat Farhana , Iman Kazi , Moshaed Hossain Riad Mohammad , Chowdhury Ahmed Murtaza
Published: May 2024

Background: Plasma leakage is defined as e”20% elevation of hematocrit from baseline or evidence of plasma leakages such as pleural effusion, ascites, or hypoalbuminemia. In the early phase, these signs of plasma leakage are usually difficult to ascertain by physical examination and laboratory tests.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether gallbladder wall thickening (GBWT) in the febrile phase of the disease can be used to detect the occurrence of plasma leakage in dengue patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted during a 4-month period in Dr. M R Khan Shishu Hospital and ICH from September 2021 to December 2021. Children from 6 months to 14 years who were admitted with acute onset of fever less than 3 days with NS1 positivity were included consecutively. Laboratory tests and abdominal Ultrasonography were also performed to confirm the occurrence of plasma leakage.
Result: Out of 114 patients, the majority were male (64%), in the 5-<10-year age group(48.25%). Common presentations include fever (100%), flushed appearance (66.7%), abdominal pain (66.7%), vomiting (44.7%), bodyache (39.5%), During the febrile phase, 56patients were presented with GBWT, 49 of which showed plasma leakage during treatment. The sensitivity and specificity of GBWT during fever were 89% and 88%. PPV and NPV were 87% and 90% respectively. In risk factor analysis, Gallbladder wall thickening was found statistically significant (<.009) predictor of plasma leakage in dengue.
Conclusion: Gallbladder wall thickening during the febrile phaseis a predictor of plasma leakage in Dengue.
BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2022; VOL 46 (3) : 138-143
Simulation Based Teaching and Learning in Clinical Education
Authors: Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi  , Kaisar Haroon  , Taneem Mohammad  , Mohammad Mahbubul Hasan  , Kaminee Kumar Tripura  , Shayesta Parvin Sadeque  , Farhana Sultana  , Tania Taher
Published: May 2024

Medical education is undergoing significant changes each day in different corners of the world. Calls from different stakeholders for a change in the instructional methods have resulted in innovative medical curriculum. The new curriculum stresses the importance of proficiency in several clinical skills by medical students rather than mere acquisition of knowledge. Teaching and training using simulation technique is very powerful. It provides valuable opportunities to learn and practice the key competencies in medical education, such as communication, problem-solving, teamwork, and leadership as well as management skills such as physical examination, diagnostic and surgical procedures. Pedagogical innovations like simulation-based teaching needs to be brought to the forefront in clinical education in our country. Simulation programs may function well from a technical point of view, but they are often difficult to fit into a curriculum, especially in low-resource settings, where money and technical-know-how are the main limitations. Medical educators have been pushed inevitably to rely on such technology-based learning looking at the future of medical education. However, they should not only embrace it but also develop and evaluate its sustainability and application in preclinical and clinical settings. If well-designed, learning how to operate a simulation program generally requires little effort for them and their students. A short introduction by the teacher is often sufficient to enable the student to work with the program.  
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 13(1): 24-28
Outcome of Pituitary Adenoma Surgery Through Transphenoidal Endoscopic Endonasal Approach -A Study of 96 Cases
Authors: Haradhan Deb Nath  , KH Olinur Razib  , Rathin Halder  , Md Ataur Rahman  , Md Motasimul Hasan  , Uddin Abu Naim Wakil , Rabiul Karim  , Sudip Barua  , SK Farhad Munir  , Kanak Kanti Barua
Published: May 2024

Background: Transphenoidal endoscopic approach is minimal invasive surgery in case of pituitary adenoma.
Objective : To see the outcome of transphenoidal endoscopic approach in case of pituitary tumour.
Results : This study showed among the 96 patients, 64 (66.7%) patients were male and 32(33.33%) were female. It was documented that in 96 patients, 88(91.66.3%) were macroadenoma and 8(8.33%) were microadenoma. Among 96 patients, 88 (91.66%) had preoperative visual disturbance and 8(8.33%) had normal vision. Tumor was totally removed in 88(91.66%) patients in endoscopic approach. Clinically 92(95.8%) patients were improved in endoscopically. Two (2.1%) patient developed pneumocephalus and meningitis, between them one died due to meningitis and other cured by conservative treatment. In 2 (2.1%) patient, carotid artery was partially torn, which was managed by nasal pack.
Conclusion: It was concluded that endoscopic endonasal approach is safe and effective procedure.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 12(2): 29-33
Primary Intracranial Leiomyosarcoma- Report of a Rare Case with Literature Review
Authors: Aliuzzaman Joarder  , Asaduzzaman  , Ahmed Khaled  , SM Mahbubul Alam  , Asfaquzzaman  , Nahid Akter
Published: May 2024

A 29 years old man presented with a H/O headache and vomiting for 4 months, blurring of vision and gait ataxia for 2 months. A contrast MRI of brain indicated the lesion arose from the dura over left cerebellar hemisphere. A posterior fossa craniotomy was performed with a provisional diagnosis of meningioma. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed Leiomyosarcoma. Further evaluation including Contrast CT and PET scan failed to identify any primary site. Primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma is very rare and only few cases were previously reported. The prognosis for primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma is poor with the longest reported survival being 32 months.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2023; 13(1): 48-50
Clinicopathological Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Fatema Jinat , Iveen Chowdhury Tanzina , Chakma Bidisha , Farhana Begum Kazi , Rani Das Tripti
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding describes any variation from normal bleeding patterns in nonpregnant, reproductive-aged women beyond menarche lasting for at least 6 months. Regular cyclic menstruation results the choreographed relationship between the endometrium and its regulating factors. Any type of disturbance between the regulatory mechanism of pituitary ovarian axis or pelvic diseases results in abnormal uterine bleeding. Thyroid hormones play a key role in the menstrual and reproductive function of women. It is recognized universally that menstrual disturbances may accompany clinical alterations in thyroid function. Objectives: To evaluate the thyroid dysfunction in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Department of obstetrics & gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from April 2023 to December 2023. Women with abnormal uterine bleeding were included in the study. Sample was selected by purposive sampling. Sample size was 100. Detail demographic data were collected from the informant and recorded in structured case report form. Clinical examination and relevant investigation were done meticulously. Data was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was processed and analysed with the help of computer program SPSS and Microsoft excel. Quantitative data expressed as mean and standard deviation and qualitative data as frequency and percentage. Result was presented in the form of tables, pie chart, graphs, bar diagrams, histogram & charts etc. Results: In this study, the maximum numbers of cases (43.0%) were between 26-35 years age group. Mean age was 29.57 ± 8.27 years. Large numbers of respondents came from urban area (58%). On evaluation of types & causes of AUB, maximum patient belongs to AUB-L (leiomyoma) group (53%) followed by AUB-A (adenomyosis) (28%); AUB-P (polyp) (8%); AUB-O (ovulatory) (9%) and AUB-M (malignancy) (2%). Present study showed that prevalence of thyroid disorders is 26% in AUB patients. The prevalence of Hypothyroidism was 18% and Hyperthyroidism was 8%. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with menstrual abnormalities in females of all age groups. Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding has a strong association with thyroid disorders. The most common type of disorder is subclinical hypothyroidism. Thus, all patient of AUB must be evaluated for thyroid dysfunction.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.36 (1): 1-6
Assessment of High Serum Cystatin C as an Early Marker of Renal Impairment in Pre Eclampsia
Authors: Ferdoues Tahsnin , Akhtar Nahreen , Arbab Sarker Mohammad , Aziza Wahid Ummee , Akter Masuma , Tabassum Mishkat
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Preeclampsia is the most common medical complication during pregnancy and one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. Kidney has role in both adaptive physiology of normal pregnancy and in pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Among the new biomarkers, serum Cystatin C can reliably reflect the GFR in both healthy and hypertensive pregnant women. It is important to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of Cystatin C as a marker of renal function in preeclampsia. Aim: To assess high serum Cystatin C level as an early marker of renal impairment in pre-eclamptic patients. Materials and Methods: From March, 2021 to February, 2022 (A total of 12 months) a cohort study was conducted among 66 pregnant women, aged 18 to 40 years with pre-eclampsia and normal serum creatinine (0.5-0.8mg/dl) at their 20-28 weeks of gestation attending the antenatal clinic and admitted in the Department of Feto maternal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, selected by non random purposive and convenient sampling. Results: Out of 66 respondents, final analysis was done with 62 patients. Among 62 study samples, 76% patients had “High Cystatin C” level that was greater than 0.84 and renal impairment developed in 15% pregnant women. Majority of the participants were in 25-30 age groups (46.8%). The mean serum creatinine level of the pregnant women increased throughout follow up and it was statistically significant (p<0.05) in both cases. No significant difference was found between serum Cystatin C in renal impaired and normal renal function pre eclampsia patients at a cut off value of 0.84. ROC analysis of serum Cystatin C level for detection of renal impairment among Pre eclamptic patients found a cut-off value of ≥1.49 showed the highest Youden index of 0.721. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of serum Cystatin C were 77.78%, 94.34%, 70.00%, 96.15% and 91.94%. Conclusion: Higher Cystatin C level in pre-eclampsia reflected renal impairment at an early stage even before conventional marker like serum creatinine raise. The diagnostic efficiency of Cystatin C as a marker of renal function in pre eclampsia can be used to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality of Bangladesh.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.36 (1): 12-16
Pattern of Ocular Injuries in a District Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Musharraf , Mahmud ul Huda Md , Khaleque Sajed Abdul
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Ocular injuries are one of the leading causes of visual morbidity in our country. Our present study aims to evaluate the pattern of ocular injuries in a District Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study, conducted by ophthalmology department of Sherpur District sadar hospital, Bangladesh. The study was done from January 2023 to June 2023. Results: The sample size was 100. All age’s group and both sexes were selected randomly in this study. The history of the patient regarding particulars of the patient, time of injury, place where it occurs, type of object, nature of injury and visual acuity at presentation was recorded. Most of the patients were 11-20 years age group (44 %). 82 % of the patients were male and 18 % were female. Patients were mostly from low socioeconomic group (65%). 35% patients attended hospital within 6 hours of injury. Type of the injury was accidental most commonly (88 %) and of them occupational was the majority (54 %), homicidal injuries were 12 %. Sharp objects causes 55 %, blunt trauma causes 35% of injuries. 65% of patients had open globe injury and 35 % had closed globe injuries. Most of the patients (62 %) had visual acuity 6/60 to PL at the time of admission. Conclusion: Our study reviled that young males of low socioeconomic group affected more and with sharp objects and are mainly occupational in nature.
Medicine Today 2023 Vol.36 (1): 23-25
Ảnh hưởng của phát triển tài chính, đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài đến lượng phát thải carbon ở Việt Nam: xem xét vai trò của công nghệ thông tin và viễn thông
Authors: Phạm Đức Huy
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu phân tích ảnh hưởng của phát triển tài chính, đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài đến lượng phát thải carbon ở Việt Nam: xem xét vai trò của công nghệ thông tin và truyền thông. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trong ngắn hạn và dài hạn lượng phát thải carbon sẽ giảm khi phát triển tài chính gắn với đổi mới công nghệ thông tin và viễn thông. Đồng thời, khi chuyển giao công nghệ thông qua hoạt động đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài sẽ giúp giảm phát thải carbon trong ngắn hạn, nhưng sẽ làm gia tăng lượng phát thải carbon trong dài hạn. Các phát hiện này hàm ý rằng cơ quan quản lý nên thực hiện các giải pháp xanh hoá bằng công nghệ thông tin và viễn thống sẽ thúc đẩy sự thâm nhập sâu hơn của công nghệ thông tin và viễn thông vào các lĩnh vực xã hội khác nhau, làm tăng khối lượng công nghệ vào các hoạt động kinh tế xã hội, từ đó làm giảm lượng phát thải carbon, giảm thiểu vấn đề gây ô nhiễm môi trường.
Analysis of cis-isomer-enriched dihydroquercetin sample by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Terekhov R. P. , Taldaev A. , Bocharov E. V. , Pankov D. I. , Savina A. D. , Selivanova I. A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The structure of dihydroquercetin (DHQ) is characterized by two chiral centers at positions 2 and 3 of the benzopyran cycle, resulting in possible diastereomers: trans- and cis-isomers. Therefore, the development of methods for qualitative and quantitative control of DHQ diastereomers in analyzed samples is essential for patient safety management. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the physicochemical methods that can be used for this purpose.

Aim. The study objective was to accumulate the analytical and structural characteristics of cis-DHQ by NMR spectroscopy of the spheroidal form of this flavonoid (DHQs).

Materials and Methods. 1D 1H, 1H,1H-COSY, 1H,1H-NOESY, and 1H,13C-HSQC NMR spectra were acquired at 298 K on an 800 MHz NMR spectrometer equipped with a TXI triple resonance probe. The number of scans was 32. The mixing time in the NOESY experiment was 400 ms. The 1H and 13C were analyzed using CcpNmr software. The dihedral angles were calculated by applying the Karplus equation.

Results and discussion. In trans-DHQ, the chemical shift values for H2 and H3 are 4.93 ppm and 4.52 ppm, respectively, and in cis-DHQ they are 5.31 ppm and 4.20 ppm, respectively. The spin-spin coupling constants between H2 and H3 of trans- and cis-DHQ are 12.00 Hz and 2.40 Hz, respectively. Thus, the dihedral angles for the trans- and cis-isomers are 154° and 64°, respectively. We found that DHQs contains 12.5 % of the cis-isomer.

Conclusion. Our experiments confirmed that NMR spectroscopy can discriminate between trans- and cis-DHQ based on the chemical shift values for the cross-peaks of H2 and H3. The second major finding was that this method can be considered as a more selective quantitative analysis than HPLC with UV detection without reference. One of the most important results of this study for drug development is the updated information on the structural parameters of DHQ diastereomers in the liquid phase.
Estrategia de Orientación Vocacional para la motivación hacia el estudio de profesiones de perfil técnico en los hijos de familias disfuncionales del Bachillerato.
Authors: Lucas-Bermúdez Jonathan , García-Murillo Gabriel
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal crear un diseño de estrategia de orientación vocacional para los estudiantes del bachillerato que están próximos a culminar sus estudios de educación secundaria, lo cual ayudará en la toma de decisiones para la elección de carreras profesionales de perfil técnico. La investigación se desarrolló en 115 estudiantes de tercero de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Charapotó, el tipo de investigación que se utilizó fue de tipo descriptivo con un enfoque mixto, los métodos utilizados fueron teóricos, empíricos y matemáticos o estadísticos, además se emplearon técnicas como la observación y encuestas con sus respectivos instrumentos.
La elección vocacional es una decisión muy importante para cada adolescente ya que de esto dependerá su plan de vida profesional y la inserción posteriormente al mercado laboral. Los adolescentes experimentan muchos cambios a nivel emocional por lo cual es necesario que ellos tengan sus metas claras, guiadas de la mano de un docente o especialista en orientación familiar y apoyadas por parte de su familia. De acuerdo a los tutores de los 5 paralelos del Tercero de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Charapotó, existen muchos adolescentes que no siguen sus estudios superiores por falta de interés vocacional y en ciertos casos por escasos recursos. Por lo que, en el proceso de preparación para ser bachiller se debe aplicar una estrategia de orientación vocacional, donde interactúen varios factores que determinen el estado de cada estudiante para la elección de su carrera. Los resultados más relevantes de la estrategia que se obtendrá en cada bachiller está constituido por varios componentes que lo integran a partir de las dimensiones y factores que promueven la orientación vocacional y que conducen a la determinación de regularidad. Asimismo, se reconoce que, en este contexto particular, la orientación vocacional debe ser personalizada, práctica y altamente motivadora para superar posibles barreras y desafíos familiares.
Modelo de gestión comercial para la asociación apícola Reinas Obreras de San Antonio cantón Chone
Authors: Fernández-Arteaga María , Macias-Muñoz Andrea , Zambrano-Delgado Jenny
Published: May 2024

La gestión comercial permite a las organizaciones generar ventajas competitivas para obtener mejores resultados dentro del mercado competitivo. Es así, que el objetivo de esta investigación se centra en analizar el proceso de gestión comercial en la Asociación Reinas Obreras de la parroquia San Antonio del cantón Chone para la generación de ventajas competitivas. La metodología empleada se basó en un enfoque mixto, de tipo bibliográfico y de campo que permitió obtener datos sobre la situación actual de la asociación, el uso de los métodos analítico-sintético y deductivo e inductivo facilitó la elaboración de juicios para la elaboración de objetivos y estrategias en conjunto con las matrices FODA, perfil competitivo, SMART y marketing MIX. Se empleó una entrevista y encuesta por medio de instrumentos previamente validados a la presidenta de la asociación, al igual que a una muestra de 379 individuos pertenecientes a la parroquia Chone, entre los hallazgos de mayor relevancia se evidencia que la asociación a pesar de tener experiencia en el mercado presenta debilidades en el uso de estrategias de marketing y distribución del producto, de igual manera, presenta un bajo nivel de participación y posicionamiento de mercado en contraste con sus principales competidores. Se concluye que la asociación Reinas Obreras presentan deficiencias principales al comercializar sus productos, por ende, es necesario la implementación de objetivos y estrategias direccionadas a mitigarlas mediante un modelo de gestión comercial.
Gestión del talento humano y su relación con la satisfacción laboral.caso: Empresa Electromart SA.
Authors: Sacta-Andrade Andrea , Carvallo-Monsave Yanary
Published: May 2024

La creciente valoración del talento humano como elemento estratégico ha llevado a una reflexión profunda en las prácticas empresariales actuales. Reconociendo el compromiso y bienestar de los empleados como fundamentales para el rendimiento, se ha enfocado prioritariamente en mejorar las condiciones laborales. La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo establecer la relación existente entre la Gestión de Talento Humano (GTH) y la satisfacción laboral de Electromart S.A., una empresa líder en la venta de electrodomésticos a en la ciudad de Machala. La metodología aplicada adopto un enfoque cuantitativo y alcance descriptivo-correlacional de tipo transversal, se utilizó la técnica de encuestas y como instrumento para la recolección de datos un cuestionario en línea aplicada a todos los empleados de la organización. Los resultados obtenidos destacan una correlación positiva y significativa entre la eficacia de las prácticas de Gestión de Talento Humano y la satisfacción laboral de los empleados en Electromart S.A. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que las entidades que dan prioridad y llevan a cabo con eficacia prácticas de Gestión de Talento Humano registran niveles superiores de satisfacción laboral en su personal. Este impacto positivo resalta de manera elocuente la importancia estratégica que reviste la GTH, al actuar como catalizador en la creación de entornos laborales que no solo resultan gratificantes, sino también propicios para la productividad y el desarrollo integral de los colaboradores.
Aportes de la participación ciudadana en el constructo de una gobernanza local. Unidad De Estudio: GAD Cantonal de Portoviejo
Authors: Iglesias-Montaño Génesis , Parra-Fonseca Juan
Published: May 2024

La investigación tiene como propósito estratégico el contextualizar las posturas teóricas sobre la participación ciudadana desde una perspectiva de la gobernanza local; así como las siguientes directrices específicas: Identificar las teorías sobre la participación ciudadana que focalizan un aporte a gestión pública local, y reflexionar sobre un constructo de gobernanza local que viabilice la participación ciudadana en la agenda pública municipal. La unidad de estudio es el GAD cantonal de Portoviejo (provincia de Manabí), teniendo como informantes claves a académicos e investigadores de destacada trayectoria profesional en el tema de participación ciudadana y gobernanza local; en cuanto a la metodología, la investigación parte del paradigma interpretativo acompañada del método hermenéutico, esto hace que estudio tenga un enfoque cualitativo. Entre los instrumentos de recolección de información se encuentran la observación directa participante y la entrevista en profundidad; entre las estrategias de análisis se utiliza la propuesta de la Teoría Fundamentada (Strauss y Corbin), en especial a través de la práctica de la comparación constante (saturación teórica), la codificación axial y el ejercicio de la categorización para acercarse a la teorización, mediante un nuevo discurso sobre los temas tratados. Este nuevo constructo da como resultado dos vertientes (así denominados por los investigadores): 1.- Mecanismos innovadores de participación ciudadana en la gobernanza local públicas, y 2.- Principios rectores de la gobernanza local: Innovación, divulgación, transparencia y pluralidad, y que ambas han dado paso a la categoría central: Participación ciudadana como componente transversal de la gobernanza local
Modelo de negocio como plataforma digital para la búsqueda de mercados alternativos para la exportación de productos ecuatorianos.
Authors: López-Almache Estibaliz , Miranda-Jimenez Johan , Farez-Arias Miriam
Published: May 2024

El tema de investigación sobre el modelo de negocio digital para las exportaciones de productos tradicionales ecuatorianos fue de gran relevancia en un mundo cada vez más digitalizado. La importancia radicó en la necesidad de aprovechar las tecnologías digitales, como la inteligencia artificial y el machine learning, para mejorar la competitividad de los productos tradicionales en los mercados internacionales y garantizar un crecimiento económico sostenible para Ecuador. El presente trabajo se desarrolló con el objetivo principal de elaborar un modelo de negocio como plataforma digital, mediante el uso de inteligencia artificial, con el propósito de potenciar la búsqueda de mercados alternativos y facilitar la exportación de productos tradicionales ecuatorianos. Se han empleado métodos teóricos y empíricos, incluyendo el método histórico-lógico para descomponer el problema y el método analítico-sintético para comprender mejor los elementos del proceso de búsqueda de mercados alternativos. El método inductivo-deductivo se ha utilizado para analizar las interacciones en el sistema de exportación. En cuanto a los métodos empíricos, se utilizó información cuantitativa obtenida mediante entrevistas en profundidad, análisis de contenido y observación participante con empresas exportadoras y actores relevantes. Los resultados presentados por el modelo de negocio, elaborado mediante un software, indicaron los mercados alternativos a los cuales los usuarios podrían acceder en caso de que su mercado principal fallara, agilizando así el proceso de exportación. Se concluyó que el desarrollo de este modelo potencia la búsqueda de mercados alternativos facilitando así la exportación de productos tradicionales ecuatorianos.
Análisis del hacinamiento carcelario en Ecuador durante el periodo 2021-2023
Authors: Arango-Ojeda Cinthya , Maldonado-Ruiz Luis
Published: May 2024

El hacinamiento carcelario se refiere a la situación en la que las cárceles o prisiones exceden la población de reclusos para su capacidad diseñada. Esta problemática es común en varios sistemas penitenciarios a nivel mundial e implica consecuencias negativas para los derechos humanos de las personas privadas de libertad, el personal penitenciario y para el Estado.
En Ecuador el hacinamiento carcelario ha persistido durante años. Sin embargo, hablar del periodo 2021-2023 el sistema penitenciario vivió y aún mantiene una crisis estructural y funcional grave. El aumento de reclusos trae serias preocupaciones a la sociedad ecuatoriana independientemente si son o no familiares de los detenidos, así como preocupaciones al Estado; se ha visto a través de los medios digitales que los mismos presos gobiernan las cárceles ante la ineficacia estatal, situación que trae consigo: motines, corrupción, infraestructura deteriorada y sigue la lista de problemas carcelarios.
Es necesario que las nuevas políticas públicas trabajen en prevención para abordar esta problemática, pues endurecer penas y seguir llenando cárceles no sirven de nada si no se elimina las causas sistémicas y estructurales de la violencia, que sí, es un desafío complejo, pero es importante enfrentarlo para proteger los derechos humanos de los reclusos, evitar gastos al Estado y garantizar la seguridad de la sociedad.
Reactividad en Gestión del Riesgo: Intervenciones en San Pablo, Balzapamba y San José, Bolívar, Ecuador
Authors: Guillin-Aldas Pablo
Published: May 2024

El propósito de la investigación que se presenta es evaluar el nivel de reactividad del Servicio Nacional de Gestión del Riesgo y Emergencias, en las poblaciones de la vía San Pablo – Balzapamba y la parroquia de San José del Tambo de la Provincia de Bolívar – Ecuador. Se enmarca en un estudio cuantitativo bajo el paradigma positivista el cual se maneja tomando como base primordial el describir los desastres naturales que afectaron las poblaciones de las vías San Pablo – Balzapamba y la parroquia de San José del Tambo de la Provincia de Bolívar, identificar los niveles de riesgo que tienen las poblaciones afectadas por desastres naturales en la vía San Pablo – Balzapamba y la parroquia de San José del Tambo de la Provincia de Bolívar a fin de poder generar alternativas que permitan la reactividad del Servicio Nacional de Riesgo y Emergencia ante situaciones de desastres naturales que afecten las poblaciones en estudio. El método se determinará a través de una investigación de campo de carácter descriptivo que nos permitirá describir de manera detallada del nivel de riesgo en el aspecto comunitario y en función del desarrollo sostenible, y cierta parte de los aspectos funcionales de las mismas, lo cual permite determinar las características primordiales y analizar individualmente sus componentes de forma autónoma con el objetivo de describir lo estudiado. Para la selección de la muestra se ha tomado en consideración las poblaciones de la vía Guanujo – Echandia, San Pablo – Balzapamba y la Parroquia de San José del Tambo de la Provincia de Bolívar – Ecuador, por cuanto pertenezco a esa provincia y por lo tanto me resulta más conveniente en la movilidad y desplazamiento. Como técnica de recolección de datos se elaborarán encuestas y entrevistas a los habitantes, autoridades y/o técnicos de las diferentes instituciones. De igual manera, con el objetivo de contrastar los datos encontrados en las distintas encuestas aplicadas, se realizará un amplio recorrido de observación, que permitirán encontrar datos de campo relevantes para la elaboración de esta investigación.
Gobernanza de la Administración vial a partir de las competencias de los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados. Unidad de Estudio: GAD Provincial de Manabí
Authors: Zambrano-Moreira Ítalo , Miranda-Pichucho Freddy
Published: May 2024

La investigación tiene como propósito contextualizar la gobernanza vial desde las competencias de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados en el Ecuador; entre sus objetivos específicos se encuentran el identificar la estructura normativa que sustenta la gobernanza territorial (GAD), y reflexionar sobre la propuesta de una gobernanza vial como parte de una estructura de gobernanza territorial. La investigación toma como ruta metodológica tener una identidad epistémica soportada en el paradigma interpretativo-hermenéutico, con un enfoque cualitativo, y de un método de investigación documental, naturalista y no experimental, se establece un sentido epistemológico a partir de las temáticas abordadas; la unidad de estudio es el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado (GAD) de la Provincia de Manabí. La estrategia de análisis es la propuesta desarrollada por Strauss y Corbin, denominada Teoría Fundamentada, la cual facilita el proceso de triangulación de la información recabada con la observación directa desarrollada. El proceso de comparación constante permite la denominada saturación teórica, encontrando diversas bifurcaciones que permiten ampliar la narrativa de los investigadores. Entre los hallazgos resaltantes se encuentran dos vertientes: 1.- Gobernanza Institucional, 2.- Gobernanza de la vialidad local, ambas permiten a la investigación presentar una buena praxis de acción gubernamental denominada: Gobernanza de la administración vial.
Epidemiología de Parásitos Gastrointestinales en Caninos del Centro de Rescate Integral Animal Riobamba
Authors: Tierra-Carrasco Vanessa , Chacó-Marcheco Edilberto , Toro-Molina Blanca
Published: May 2024

Los perros son las mascotas más cosmopolitas de los humanos y, como tales, un medio de transmisión zoonótica de parásitos a sus cuidadores o dueños. Por ello el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la epistemología de parásitos gastrointestinales en caninos del Centro de Rescate Integral Animal Riobamba (CRIAR. Fueron muestreados 40 perros de ambos sexos y clínicamente sanos. Las muestras fecales se sometieron a dos técnicas de análisis, la flotación salina en solución salina saturada para la identificación de especímenes mediante y la técnica de McMaster modificada para la cuantificación de los ooquistes/óvulos por gramo de heces (HPG-OPG). Se detectaron ocho especies diferentes de parásitos gastrointestinales, siendo tanto Uncinaria stenocephala como Ancylostoma sp. las más abundantes, con una prevalencia del 30% y 22.5%, respectivamente, estando presentes también las especies Cystoisospora canis (17.5%) y Toxocara canis (12.5%). Para el caso de Capillaria aerophila la prevalencia fue del 7.5% y en Cryptosporidium parvum (5%).  Con menor frecuencias se identificaron casos infectados con Giardia lamblia y Echinococcus granulosus con una prevalencia del 2.5% en ambos casos. La infección concurrente con más de una especie de parásitos gastrointestinales fue un hallazgo común en perros. Se evidencia la necesidad de mejorar la atención veterinaria del CRIAR. Además, de definir los factores de riesgo de transmisión de helmintos zoonóticos a humanos, y plantear programas de educación pública sobre el cuidado adecuado de los perros, la higiene personal por parte de los adiestradores y propietarios de caninos.