bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alimentation néonatale et développement précoce du poulet de chair
Authors: BIGOT K. , TESSERAUD S. , TAOUIS M. , PICARD M.
Published: June 2020

Depuis une dizaine d’années, l’alimentation du poussin nouveau-né suscite un intérêt croissant car elle influence, à terme, les performances des poulets de chair. La résorption rapide du résidu vitellin représente une réserve relativement modeste de nutriments (1 jour) par rapport au développement intense du tube digestif et de ses fonctions d’une part et du muscle pectoral d’autre part pendant les deux ou trois premiers jours de la vie. Le délai d’alimentation dû aux conditions d’éclosion et de transport peut varier d’un individu à l’autre de 10 à 60 heures. Plusieurs travaux concluent que ce jeûne, à un moment critique du développement, retarde de manière irréversible la croissance et réduit sans doute les capacités de défense immunologique du poussin. De plus, les rares travaux portant sur la composition des régimes alimentaires pour très jeunes poussins suggèrent que les rations couramment distribuées sont peut être trop pauvres en protéines et trop riches en lipides. Il est, par ailleurs, nécessaire de freiner la croissance entre une et trois semaines d’âge pour limiter les problèmes locomoteurs et métaboliques ultérieurs. Les recherches actuelles s’orientent vers un ’pilotage’ plus précis de la nutrition des jeunes poulets de chair en stimulant le développement initial au cours de la première semaine, puis en le freinant, avant d’optimiser économiquement l’alimentation après l’âge de trois semaines. Dans un tel schéma général, les effets de stimulations initiales du développement des poussins par une alimentation plus précoce ou/et mieux adaptée sur la qualité de la viande et les performances globales de l’élevage restent à quantifier avec précision.
Effet de l’alimentation sur les coccidioses chez le poulet
Authors: CREVIEU-GABRIEL I. , NACIRI M.
Published: June 2020

Depuis quelques années, les travaux sur l’utilisation de l’alimentation comme aide au contrôle des coccidioses ont été repris par plusieurs équipes après avoir été abandonnés avec l’introduction et le développement des anticoccidiens. L’alimentation peut intervenir aussi bien par ses constituants que par son mode de présentation, soit directement sur le développement parasitaire soit en renforçant les défenses de l’hôte ou en aidant à la guérison. Des produits naturels à action médicinale peuvent aussi avoir des effets bénéfiques.Ainsi, les acides gras n-3 ou l’artémisine agissent directement sur les coccidies en inhibant leur développement. Au contraire, les acides gras essentiels ou les vitamines B favorisent leur développement. L’incorporation de graines entières de céréales, en modifiant la physiologie digestive, entraîne des différences de développement des coccidies. Une teneur élevée de l’aliment en protéines, en induisant une augmentation des sécrétions pancréatiques, favorise la multiplication des parasites. En outre, certains composants alimentaires (fibres, produits lactés) agiraient en modifiant la flore intestinale. Les vitamines A, C ou K ou la bétaïne peuvent aider à la guérison en modifiant les effets néfastes causés par Eimeria sur la muqueuse intestinale. Enfin, certains composants alimentaires, comme les acides gras n-3, le sélénium, les vitamines C et E, le gamma-tocophérol ou le curcumin, et le mode d’alimentation, comme la restriction alimentaire, agissent sur le système immunitaire, modulant ainsi indirectement le développement parasitaire.
Acides aminés digestibles dans l’intestin. Utilisation du système AADI dans le rationnement des vaches laitières
Authors: RULQUIN H.
Published: June 2020

Apparu en 1992 pour la lysine et la méthionine, le système AADI s’est étendu aux neuf acides aminés indispensables. Dans l’état actuel des connaissances, seuls cinq acides aminés sont susceptibles d’être limitants (lysine, méthionine, leucine, histidine et thréonine). En pratique, pour améliorer le taux protéique du lait, il faut optimiser les apports de deux (lysine et méthionine) ou quatre (lysine, méthionine, leucine, histidine) acides aminés. Pour augmenter la production de lait, il semble préférable d’optimiser les apports d’histidine et de thréonine. Ces optimisations peuvent être faites en utilisant des matières premières appropriées ou en ajoutant aux rations des acides aminés correctement protégés contre les dégradations ruminales. Il serait souhaitable d’établir des courbes de réponse sur un plus grand nombre d’essais pour la leucine, l’histidine et la thréonine de façon à pouvoir calculer, comme pour la lysine et la méthionine, l’intérêt économique de formuler les rations sur la base de plusieurs acides aminés.
Development of Parsonage-Turner Syndrome After Heat Stroke in Firefighters
Authors: Eliasberg Claire D. , Sneag Darryl B. , Kelly Anne M.
Published: June 2020

Case:

Two firefighters developed Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS) shortly after sustaining episodes of heat stroke. Patient 1 was a 40-year-old man who presented with shoulder pain and supraspinatus and infraspinatus weakness. Patient 2 was a 35-year-old man who presented with shoulder pain and absent external rotation strength. Both had electrodiagnostic testing and magnetic resonance imaging findings consistent with PTS. Both demonstrated partial but incomplete recovery at 1- and 2.5-year follow-ups, respectively.

Conclusions:

PTS should remain on the differential diagnosis for any patient presenting with sudden onset shoulder pain and neurological deficits after an episode of heat-related illness.
Periprosthetic Joint Infection with Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Paziuk Taylor , Levicoff Eric , Tan Timothy , Good Robert
Published: June 2020

Case:

A 67-year-old immunocompromised woman presented with 2 weeks of atraumatic knee pain 4 months after a primary total knee arthroplasty. The patient had a history of consuming unpasteurized dairy products and horse rearing. The patient underwent a successful irrigation, debridement, polyethylene liner exchange, and adjunct antibiotic therapy for a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Intraoperative cultures grew Listeria monocytogenes.

Conclusion:

Immmunocompromised patients are at increased risks for PJI. Those patients who engage in rearing animals and consuming unpasteurized dairy products are at increased risk for atypical infections. It is vital to recognize patients who are at increased risk for infection and council them on risk aversion behavior.
Bilateral Medial Patella Sleeve Fractures in a Child
Authors: Denduluri Sahitya K. , Gamble James G.
Published: June 2020

Case:

An 8-year-old girl presented with a displaced right medial patella sleeve fracture. She underwent open reduction and suture fixation. Three years later, she presented with a left medial patella sleeve fracture that was less displaced than on the right. This was treated with immobilization and structured rehabilitation. She was able to return to full activity with normal radiographs at the final follow-up.

Conclusion:

Patella sleeve fractures are rare. We report a unique case of bilateral medial patella sleeve fractures in an otherwise healthy child in which one side was treated operatively and the other was treated nonoperatively.
The Challenge of Islamic Education Teaching in Inclusive Schools in Samarinda City
Authors: Elnurianda Fitra , Fauzan Umar , Hamzah Syeh Hawib
Published: June 2020

Education is an individual right of citizen, including children with special needs. They study with regular students in inclusive school, including in Islamic Education subject which has an important role. In the process of teaching implementation, they need a special treatment. Objective of the research are: firstly, to describe the implementation of Islamic education teaching. Secondly, to describe supporting factors and the third is to describe barriers in inclusive schools in Samarinda City. Finding of this research reveals: firstly, the implementation of Islamic education (PAI) teaching in inclusive schools in Samarinda City requires several adjustments in teaching planning, implementation process and learning evaluation. Referring to National Examination, the system vary based on requirement from Department of Education. Secondly, the supporting factors found in this study are the application of humanistic education. Thirdly, the barriers in this study are found in school management and education system.
The Effectiveness of Teacher Leadership and Students Involvement in Co-Curricular Activities in Malaysia Secondary School
Authors: Don Yahya , Ibrahim Ibrahim
Published: June 2020

This paper aimed to identify the effectiveness of teacher leadership and student’s commitment with their involvement towards co-curricular activities in developing the soft skills among the Malaysian secondary school students.  This study uses a quantitative approach in cross-sectional survey. The population of this study are the secondary school students from two states in Malaysia. The stratified random sampling is used to select 500 samples from the research population. The instruments used in this research are Organizational Commitment Qustionaire (OCQ) Mowday, Steers & Porter (1979), Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Kouzes & Posner, 1995), and Soft Skills adopted by Razzaly Wahid et al. (2006).  This result of this study shows that there is a significant and positive relationship between teacher’s leadership, student’s commitment and involvement with co-curricular activities, and student’s soft skills. Thus, the school leadership should play an important role in enhancing the invovement of the school co-curriculum activities to enhance the student’s soft skills. In addition, the school leadership should also look into the two important indicators which is the effectiveness of the leadership practice and the commitment of the students’s involvement as the outcome enshrined in the National Education Philosophy.
Ibn ‘Āshūr's view on the Qur’ānic Methodology in Human and Civilization Development in His Book Al-Taḥrīr wa Tanwīr: A Thematic Study
Authors: Hocini Mohamed Amine , Bounama Fouad , Abdullah Mustaffa Bin
Published: June 2020

يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان نظرة ابن عاشور للمنهج القرآني في بناء الإنسان والحضارة من خلال تفسيره التحرير والتنوير وذلك من خلال دراسة موضوعية. تتمثل مشكلة البحث في أن ابن عاشور تطرق كثيرا إلى المنهج القرآني لبناء الإنسان والحضارة من خلال تفسيره التحرير والتنوير وذلك في مواضع متعددة من كتابه الكبير الحجم، ما يجعل الوقوف على نظرة ابن عاشور بصورة كلية ومتكاملة صعبا للغاية، ومن هنا كانت الحاجة ملحة إلى استنباطها وبيانها. هذا البحث مهم لأنه يتناول موضوع البناء القرآني للإنسان والحضارة عند أحد أبرز المفسرين المعاصرين الذين يهتمون بقضايا الإصلاح ونهضة الأمة وهو ابن عاشور رحمه الله تعالى، ومعلوم أن الحديث عن منهج القرآن الكريم في البناء يعتبر غاية في الأهمية، فمن خلاله يتم بناء الإنسان على أسس سليمة ما يجعله مؤهلا لتحمل أعباء الخلافة في الأرض. اعتمد الباحث في هذا البحث المنهج الاستقرائي لجمع النصوص التفسيرية من خلال التحرير والتنوير المتعلقة بمنهج القرآن الكريم في البناء، كما اعتمد الباحث على المنهج التحليلي والوصفي لتحليل تلك النصوص التي تم جمعها واستنباط نظرة ابن عاشور للمنهج القرآني للبناء الإنساني والحضاري. ومن أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها الباحث في بحثه هذا: أن بناء الإنسان والحضارة هو مقصد القرآن الكريم ووظيفته الجوهرية، أن من شرط نجاح عملية البناء في المنهج القرآني مرهون باستعداد المتلقي وقابليته، أنّ عملية البناء الإنساني والحضاري تمر على مستوياتٍ ومراحلَ، وأنّ من أهمّ أركان المنهج القرآني في بناء الإنسان والحضارة حراسة ذلك البناء وحمايته من المفسدات والمعوقات التي تنقضه وتهدمه، أنّ المنهج القرآني في البناء الإنساني والحضاري شديد الارتباط بالفطرة وهذا سرّ تميزه وتفوّقه ونجاحه.
Biodentine™ – use in dentistry. Literature review
Authors: Barczak Katarzyna , Palczewska-Komsa Mirona , Sikora Maciej , Buczkowska-Radlińska Jadwiga
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The concept of “regenerative endodontics”, adopted by the American Association of Endodontics in 2007 was, to an appreciable extent, connected with the introduction of bioactive materials such as Biodentine™ to dental treatment. In the field of biomedical therapeutic materials, the concept of tissue engineering is distinguishable with respect to establishing procedures and materials such as Biodentine™ aimed at replacing injured tissues with those newly developed. The use of Biodentine™ has quickly become a widespread practice in dentistry, commonly used in the biological treatment of pulp and root canal treatment.

The aim of this article is a literature review on the use of Biodentine™ in dental practice and its specific characteristics, based on the latest scientific knowledge.

Materials and methods: Articles published since the launch of the material into the market were sourced and classified according to the topic they focussed on. A total of 52 papers were chosen, encompassing those directly focusing on Biodentine™, as well as other relevant papers not mentioning Biodentine™, but pertaining to dental materials in general.

Conclusion: On the grounds of this analysis of literature on the subject, it can be concluded that bioactive materials such as Biodentine™ have a wide range of application in therapeutic dental procedures. There are numerous studies presenting the advantages of this group of materials. However, the use of Biodentine™ still requires a comprehensive and long-term analysis to unequivocally confirm its therapeutic success following use of this material.
An assessment of surgical curriculum on “practical year” by students of Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej , Szlosser Zbigniew , Puchalski Piotr
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Modifications to teaching medicine introduced 5 years ago consisted of abolishing the internship, changing the surgical curriculum in the last year of studies by introduction of a so called “practical year”. The objective of this study was investigating how the practical year was undertaken at the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin in the academic year 2017/2018.

Materials and methods: A study was carried in a group of 154 students of the 6th year of Faculty of Medicine, just before the final test-exam in surgery. The questionnaire used in the study consisted of 11 closed questions concerning the organization, course, and accomplishment of the provided program.

Results: The questionnaire results show that the assumed aim of the curriculum, which was a skill/competency-oriented teaching of surgery, was half executed. Students were insufficiently engaged in typical doctor’s activities. One-half of them considered their practical-year as no different from classes practiced in the previous years. Ward-round teaching and the performance of manual skills was considered the most valuable portion of the surgical curriculum. Seminars were scored the lowest, as the least useful. Organization of the classes and the engagement of tutors were evaluated positively by the majority of students. The results of this survey show the grade of accomplishment of the assumed educative aims in teaching surgery in the practical year, and have revealed some drawbacks, which should translate into an improvement of teaching in the forthcoming years.
Cumulative evidence of helmet effects on bicycle injuries
Authors: Chen Siyu , Ou Shan , Cui Huijie , Tang Mingshuang , Wang Yutong , Zhang Min , Bai Ye , Song Bing , Gu Dongqing , Wang Xin , Yin Zhiyong , Liu Guodong
Published: June 2020

Background: With the wide use of bicycles, studies of helmet effects on bicycle injuries were intensively conducted after the problem of bicycle injuries emerged. This study aims to justify whether current evidence is sufficient to support the effects of helmets.Methods：We exhaustively searched the articles in the databases of Medline, Scopus, and Embase by the term of (helmet* AND (cycl* OR bicycle* OR bike*)) AND injur* by the time of April 10, 2019. The meta-analysis and SSA (study sequential analysis) were conducted. The protocol was registered in Prospero (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, ID: CRD42019131751). Results: A total of 55 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The OR (odds ratio) of helmet effect on head injuries compared with other injuries was 0·50 (0·43, 0·59) and effects of helmets on serious head injuries compared with other injuries were protective with an OR of 0·34 (0·28, 0·43). Compared with control injuries, the OR of helmets’ effects on facial injuries is 0·63 (0·45, 0·88). Helmets were not associated with protective effects with regards to neck injuries and the OR was 0·98 (0·82, 1·17). SSA results of head injuries, serious head injuries, and face injuries showed the cumulative Z-curve crossed both the conventional and the trial sequential monitoring boundary. SSA results of neck injuries showed the cumulative Z-curve does not cross both the conventional and the trial sequential monitoring boundary.Conclusions: The helmet has protection effects on head injuries, serious head injuries, and face injuries. The SSA showed the current evidence was sufficient to support the results. More studies of helmet promotion are warranted in the future.
HIR V2: a human interactome resource for the biological interpretation of differentially expressed genes via gene set linkage analysis
Authors: Tao Yu-Tian , Ding Xiao-Bao , Jin Jie , Zhang Hai-bo , Yang Qiao-lei , Chen Peng-Cheng , Yao Heng , Guo Wen-Ping , Ruan Li , Chen Xin
Published: June 2020

Background

To facilitate biomedical studies of disease mechanisms, a high-quality interactome that connects functionally related genes is needed to help investigators formulate pathway hypotheses and to interpret the biological logic of a phenotype at the biological process level.

Results

Interactions in the updated version of the human interactome resource (HIR V2) were inferred from 36 mathematical characterizations of 6 types of data that suggest functional associations between genes. This update of the HIR consists of 88,069 pairs of genes representing functional associations that are of strengths similar to those between well-studied protein interactions. Among these functional interactions, 57.04% may represent protein interactions, which are expected to cover 32.48% of the true human protein interactome. The gene set linkage analysis (GSLA) tool is developed based on the high-quality HIR V2 to identify the potential functional impacts of observed transcriptomic changes, helping to elucidate their biological significance and complementing the currently widely used enrichment-based gene set interpretation tools.

Conclusions

We present the HIR V2, a high-quality functional interactome of human genes, along with the gene set linkage analysis (GSLA) webtool, which utilizes the HIR V2 to interpret the biological significance of transcriptionally changed genes. A case study shows that the annotations reported by the HIR V2/GSLA system are more comprehensive and concise compared to those obtained by widely used gene set annotation tools such as PANTHER and DAVID. The HIR V2 and GSLA are available at http://human.biomedtzc.cn .
Effect of transcutaneous electrical stimulation on morphological characteristics of women with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Kim Ji-hyun , Park Eun Young , Kwon Oh-yun , Hwang Ui-jae , Kim Su-jin , Yoon Hyeo-bin , Jeon Hyeseon
Published: June 2020

Background: Stress urinary incontinence is an involuntary leakage of urine due to a weak pelvic floor and weak sphincter when the intra-abdominal pressure increases. Its symptoms are known to improve upon electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor. This study aimed to determine the effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation on ultrasonography variables, such as the bladder neck position (BNP), length of the urethra (LU), funneling index (FI), and posterior (PRT) and anterior rhabdosphincter thickness (ART), and the Incontinence Quality of Life scores. It also investigated the association between the relative changes in the two.Methods: Twenty-one patients with stress urinary continence were included and subjected to transcutaneous electrical stimulation for eight weeks. Ultrasonography was used to measure the BNP, LU, FI, ART, and PRT. Data were analyzed at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver and the difference (△) between them was evaluated.Results: The BNP during the Valsalva maneuver and the △BNP decreased significantly. The LU during the Valsalva maneuver increased after eight weeks. The FI during the Valsalva maneuver and the △FI changed significantly. The ART and PRT and the total quality of life score significantly increased after eight weeks (p<.05). The LU during the Valsalva maneuver positively correlated with the total quality of life (r=0.630; p=.002), psychosocial impact subscale (r=0.705; p=.000), and social embarrassment subscale (r=0.488; p=.025) scores. The correlations between the PRT and the avoidance and limiting behavior subscale score (r=0.624; p=.002) and between the △FI and the social embarrassment subscale score (r=-0.515; p=.0.20) were significant.Conclusions: Transcutaneous electrical stimulation can improve the BNP, ART, and PRT, along with the subjective indicators, in women with stress urinary continence. Improving stress urinary continence symptoms can ameliorate women’s social and psychological self-esteem.
Genomic and Proteomic Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 versus SARS-CoV-GD01
Authors: Hassanin Abdallah A. , Mahgoub EL-Sayed I. , Sitohy Basel , Sitohy Mahmoud
Published: June 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Is Selective Mediolateral Episiotomy Protective Against Spontaneous Perineal Trauma and OASIS in Malaysian Tertiary hospitals? A Cross Sectional Study from the National Obstetrics Registry.
Authors: Karalasingam Shamala Devi , Jeganathan Ravichandran , Jegasothy Ravindran , Soelar Sharul Aiman , Reidpath Daniel
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Perineal trauma has short- and long-term debilitating effects on women. This study aimed to determine if selective episiotomy is protective against spontaneous perineal trauma and Obstetric anal sphincter injury following singleton vaginal birth in Malaysian tertiary hospitals and to identify the contributing factors.Methods: This study used data from the Malaysian National Obstetrics Registry (NOR)which collects data from 11 tertiary hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia, 1 hospital in the Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur and in 2 from East Malaysia from 2010 to 2017. A total of 1,109,856 deliveries were analyzed of which 731,475 singleton vaginal deliveries with complete variables were included in this study. The primary objective were to identify contributing factors to spontaneous perineal trauma and Obstetric anal splinter injury (OASIS) and if selective episiotomy was effective in reducing perineal trauma.Results: Prevalence of spontaneous perineal trauma in primiparous women was 23% while in multiparous women was 49.7%. First and second-degree perineal tears were the commonest perineal injury followed by vaginal wall tears and labial tears. Less than 0.5% of the subjects had OASIS. Average episiotomy rate was 33.3%. In both primiparous (OR = 0.06; 95% CI; 0.06) and multiparous women (OR 0.08; 95% CI: 0.03), selective episiotomy significantly reduces the risk spontaneous perineal trauma. The risk of OASIS, is reduced by episiotomy in primiparous women (OR 0.06; 95% CI: 0.05–0.07) and in multiparous women (OR 0.19; 95% CI: 0.14–0.26).Conclusion: Women have a higher risk of spontaneous perineal trauma when the accoucheur is a medical officer with less than 6 months’ experience. In primiparous women spontaneous vaginal delivery is a risk for vaginal trauma and selective episiotomy appears to reduce the risk. All women with instrumental delivery are at risk of OASIS and selective episiotomy appears to reduce risk.
Gene co-expression analysis and tissue-specific gene identification in Liriodendron chinense via hybrid sequencing
Authors: tu zhonghua , Shen Yufang , Wen Shaoying , Liu Huanhuan , Wei Lingmin , Li Huogen
Published: June 2020

Background

Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg. is an economically and ecologically important deciduous tree species that has been studied for many years. Although the complete L. chinense genome has been sequenced, the gene co-expression modules and tissue-specific genes of L. chinense remain unknown.

Results

Here, we used the bracts, petals, sepals, stamens, pistils, leaves, and the shoot apex of L. chinense as materials and analysed their gene co-expression modules and tissue-specific genes via hybrid sequencing. We identified 3,032 DEGs between the floral and vegetative tissues and 2,126 tissue-specific genes. By using WGCNA analysis, we identified 13 gene co-expression modules, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that tissue-specific genes and genes from different modules were enriched in different pathways. Genes associated with plant defence were highly expressed in the bracts, genes participating in plant hormone signal transduction were highly expressed in the shoot apex, and genes participating in photosynthesis were highly expressed in the leaves, petals and sepals. Moreover, we identified 10 MIKC-type MADS-box genes that were classified as member of the AP3/PI, SVP, SEP, AG/SHP/STK, AGL12, SOC1 and TM8 subfamily. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the expression profiles of these ten genes were consistent with those reported in Arabidopsis and Populus , indicating that these genes are highly conserved evolutionarily and related to floral and vegetative tissue development. The small number of MIKC-type MADS-box genes in L. chinense was probably owing to its incomplete genome annotation.

Conclusions

In this work, we provided a reference transcriptome for L. chinense research by using hybrid sequencing. We identified 2,126 tissue-specific genes and 3,032 DEGs that contributed greatly to the functional differences between vegetative organs and floral organs. By using WGCNA analysis, 13 gene co-expression modules and 52 hub genes from six co-expression modules of interest were identified. Moreover, we identified 10 MIKC-type MADS-box genes that might be related to the development and growth regulation of floral and vegetative organs. These findings will improve our understanding of gene co-expression, tissue specific genes and flower development model of L. chinense .
Evaluating the long-term impact of Female Community Health Volunteer involvement in a postpartum family planning intervention in Nepal: a mixed-method study at 1 year post-intervention
Authors: Dhital Rolina , Siwal Ram Chandra , Pokhrel Khem Narayan , Pokhrel Sabina , Tuladhar Heera , Bright Suzanna , Tunnacliffe EmilyAnne , Thapa Kusum , Makins Anita
Published: June 2020

Background

This is a 1-year post-intervention study following an initiative to provide orientation to female community health volunteers (FCHVs) on postpartum family planning (PPFP) in Nepal implemented in December 2018. Despite positive results in the earlier post-intervention study, this study was designed to provide a more long-term perspective on sustainability by assessing the effect at 1-year post-intervention.
Methods

This mixed-methods study was conducted in January 2020 in Morang district, Nepal. We collected quantitative data from a knowledge assessment of FCHVs who had participated in the intervention on PPFP; data on their community-based counseling coverage and through interviews with postpartum mothers in two selected hospitals. Qualitative data was collected through six key informant interviews with health providers working on PPFP and four focus group discussions with FCHVs involved in the intervention. We performed descriptive and multivariable analyses for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results of 1-year post-intervention were compared with pre-intervention and earlier evaluation study results.
Results

In total, 206 FCHVs participated in the 1-year post-intervention knowledge assessment with a 15-fold [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 14.9, p < 0.001] increase in knowledge when compared with the pre-intervention phase. A 20-fold increase in knowledge (AOR = 20.4, P < 0.001) had been reported in the post-test conducted immediately after the orientation. The FCHVs counseled 71% of the pregnant women within their communities at 1-year post-intervention. The postpartum mothers in hospitals had 2 times higher odds than in pre-intervention phase of being counseled by FCHVs during their pregnancy at 1-year post-intervention (AOR = 1.9, P = 0.036) as compared to a 3-fold higher odds of being counseled at 2-months post-intervention (AOR = 2.9, P < 0.001). The qualitative findings suggested a positive impression regarding the FCHV's involvement in PPFP counseling in the communities, however, supervision and monitoring over the longer term was identified as a key challenge and may influence sustainability of community-based and hospital-based PPFP services.
Conclusion

The FCHVs’ knowledge and community-based activities on PPFP remained higher than in the pre-intervention phase. They had however declined when compared to the 2-months post-intervention period. We propose regular supervision and monitoring of the work of the FCHVs in order to sustain progress.
Application of a novel lung protective drug formulated by silver nanoparticles containing Curcuma longa L leaf aqueous extract on α-Guttiferin-induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in lung HEL 299, MRC-5, IMR-90, CCD-19Lu, WI-38, and BEAS-2B cell lines
Authors: Han Yi , Gao Yuan , Cao Xiaoqing , Zangeneh Akram , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Liu Shuku , Li Jie
Published: June 2020

Recently, scientists have understood that metallic nanoparticles green-synthesized by medicinal plants have significant anti-cancer effects in the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial conditions. Also, the anti-lung cancer properties of metallic nanoparticles containing natural compounds have been indicated in many studies. In the recent research, we tried to investigate the application of a novel lung protective drug formulated by silver nanoparticles containing Curcuma longa L leaf aqueous extract on α-Guttiferin-induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in HEL 299, MRC-5, IMR-90, CCD-19Lu, WI-38, and BEAS-2B cell lines. Also, we assessed the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, activity of caspase-3, and potential of mitochondrial membrane in the in vitro condition. Silver nanoparticles were characterized and analyzed by common physicochemical techniques including Transmission Electron Microscopy, Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy. In the biological part of the present research, the cell viability of HEL 299, MRC-5, IMR-90, CCD-19Lu, WI-38, and BEAS-2B cell lines was measured by trypan blue assay. Caspase-3 activity was assessed by the caspase activity colorimetric assay kit and mitochondrial membrane potential was studied by Rhodamine123 fluorescence dye. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) test was used to show DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Also, the Rat inflammatory cytokine assay kit was used to measure the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. Silver nanoparticles-treated cell cutlers significantly (p ≤ 0.01) reduced the DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity, and inflammatory cytokines concentrations, and raised the mitochondrial membrane potential and cell viability in the high concentration of α-Guttiferin-treated HEL 299, MRC-5, IMR-90, CCD-19Lu, WI-38, and BEAS-2B cells. The best result of lung protective and antioxidant properties of silver nanoparticles containing Curcuma longa L leaf aqueous extract was seen in the high dose of silver nanoparticles i.e., 4 µg. Assessment of the antioxidant properties of silver nanoparticles was done with the common free radical scavenging test i.e., DPPH in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the positive control. The nanoparticles inhibited half of the DPPH molecules in the concentration of 149 µg/mL. According to the above results, silver nanoparticles containing Curcuma longa L leaf aqueous extract can be administrated as a lung protective drug for the treatment of lung diseases after approving in the clinical trial studies in humans.
Measuring spatiotemporal accessibility for pediatric clinical services with multimodal transport modes: an exploratory analysis in Nanjing, China
Authors: Zhou Xinxin , Yuan LinWang , Wu Changbin , Yu Zhaoyuan , Wang Lei
Published: June 2020

Background: Healthcare accessibility research is developing towards a focus on multimodal transport modes (MTM) and spatiotemporal variation. Dynamic traffic conditions lead residents to make distinct traveling decisions in different timepoints, which has an impact on the spatiotemporal accessibility of healthcare. Pediatric clinic services (PCS) are one of the typical healthcare services that require a diagnosis through a professional physician clinic.Results: This paper aims to examine a methodological framework for the spatiotemporal accessibility of PCS (STA-PCS) and obtains its spatiotemporal variation characteristics. We design a spatial time impedance of multimodal transport modes (STI-MTM) model, which considers residential transport mode choices and adopt a gravity model based on web mapping data and population spatial distribution data to measure STA-PCS. We selected Nanjing, China, as the study area to estimate the STA-PCS value at four timepoints. The results indicate that the spatial aggregate of PCS is evident, and dynamic traffic factors influence the volatility of STA-PCS.Conclusions: This work holds pragmatic implications for policymakers on the STA-PCS considered travel characteristics based on georeferenced social media data.
WITHDRAWN: Quantitative assessment of middle deltoid elasticity during different shoulder abduction using shear wave elastography: A preliminary study
Authors: Wang Lei , Xiang Xi , Zhu Bihui , Qiu Li
Published: June 2020

Background: To measure the middle deltoid (MD) muscle elasticity during different shoulder abduction in healthy participants using shear wave elastography (SWE) and analyze the factors that may affect the MD elasticity, and then to establish the reference ranges of the normal MD elasticity during different shoulder abduction. Methods: Mean shear wave velocity (SWV) of the MD in 70 healthy participants were evaluated at left and right shoulder 0° and 90° abduction (L0°, R0°, L90°, R90°) using SWE, and potential factors that may affect MD elasticity including gender, MD thickness, age, body mass index were analyzed. Normal reference ranges of MD elasticity were calculated using normal distribution method. Results: Mean SWV was statistically significantly higher at L90° than L0°, higher at R90° than R0°, higher at R0° than L0°, and higher at R90° than L90° (all p< 0.0001). Mean SWV was significantly higher in males at both L0° (p< 0.05) and R0° (p< 0.01) than in females. Neither MD thickness, age nor body mass index influenced MD elasticity. Normal reference ranges of the MD elasticity were 2.4-3.1 m/s in males and 2.2-2.9 m/s in females at L0° and 2.5-3.3 m/s in males and 2.4-3.2 m/s in females at R0°, and were 4.9-6.7 m/s at L90°, 5.2-7.1 m/s at R90° for both males and females. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the normal MD elasticity at L0°, R0°, L90°, R90° are different and gender should be considered when determining the reference ranges of normal MD elasticity at L0° and R0° with SWE. These values may provide quantitative baseline measurements for assessment of the normal MD elasticity.
Comparison of Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Findings in Iranian Smokers and non- Smokers Patients with COVID-19: A Case Control Study
Authors: Nikpouraghdam Mohamad , Bahramifar Ali , Ahmadi Ali , Oliya Dariuosh Ghasemi Vanegh , Jahangiri Abolfazl , Babaei Masour , Gholian Ali Mehdi , Zijoud Seyed Reza Hosseini , Aghamollaei Hossein
Published: June 2020

Objective: The current study compared the clinical, laboratory and radiological findings between groups of smokers and non- smokers Iranian patients with COVID-19. Methods: This was a case-control study done on 120 patients with COVID-19 that were admitted to Baqiyatallah hospital, Tehran, Iran during March to May 2020. Our patients were categorized into two groups: smokers (40 patients) and non-smokers (80 age and sex matched controls). Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, imaging manifestations, and outcomes were compared between two age groups. Results: Regarding the comorbidities, no significant difference was observed between the smoker and non-smoker patients. The distribution of COVID-19 symptoms was not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers, except for chest pain and weakness, which were significantly more common in smokers with COVID-19. A significantly lower white blood cell count and neutrophils in peripheral blood sample of smokers however, no difference was found concerning lymphocyte count. Moreover, the RDW of smokers was significantly lower. Regarding the findings on CT scan of COVID-19 patients, no significant difference was found between smoker and non-smoker COVID-19 patients. One (2.5%) of deaths occurred in the smoker and 3 (3.8%) occurred in the non- smoker groups.Conclusion: Current findings showed that the clinical picture of smoker and non-smoker COVID-19 patients does not differ significantly.
Are Saudi adults supportive of Saudi Food & Drug Authority’s food policies? Assessment of public support & awareness for Saudi Food & Drug Authority’s food policies
Authors: Tami Suzan , Al-Mahish Mohammed
Published: June 2020

Background

Numerous countries, including Saudi Arabia, are considering nutrition and food policies to help control the obesity epidemic and other non-communicable diseases. The present study examined public support and awareness, among Saudi adults, for the Saudi Food and Drugs Authority’s (SFDA) food policies, specifically whether public support and awareness for SFDA policies and regulations have a significant impact on their average Body Mass Index (BMI), and how socio-economic variables impact the public support and awareness for SFDA policies and regulations.
Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 584 Saudi adults completed an electronic questionnaire, collected data on whether the public were aware and supportive of SFDA’s different food polices and regulations. To examine whether participants’ awareness and support of SFDA’s food policies had a significant impact on their average BMI, two sample t-test was used, and a logistic regression model was used to examine the impact of demographics variables on participants’ support and awareness for SFDA policies and regulations.
Results

Saudi adults followed SFDA’s latest news and regulations and were supportive of SFDA’s food policies. Particularly, high support was for food policies of requiring restaurants and coffee shops to report calorie amounts in foods and beverages, reducing the salt amount in bread, eliminate hydrogenated oil from food products, and preventing misleading written nutrition information on food products, and preventing food advertisements without permission. The results of the two-sample t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the mean BMI between the participants who followed and those who did not follow SFDA news and regulations. The mean BMI between the participants who cooperated and those who did not cooperate with SFDA by reporting food safety violations was significantly different. The results of the binary logit model indicated that several socio-demographic characteristics were significantly associated with food policy awareness and support.
Conclusion

The findings of this study may assist nutrition educators to plan programs to improve health-related behaviors, and may allow stakeholders and policy makers to consider public perception and social desirability in the policy-making and implementation process.
Prevalence of depression and associated factors among Chinese military plateau drivers in Golmud, Qinghai Province, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tu Zhi-hao , Peng Li , He Jing-wen , Shen Xing-hua
Published: June 2020

Background: Depression is associated with declining duty performance, suicide and other serious problems in the army. Prolonged deployment at high altitude may result in depression among military personnel. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression among Chinese military plateau drivers and determine the associated factors.Methods: The participants were military drivers selected from Golmud motor transport base (high altitude group) and Fuzhou motor transport base (low altitude group). All participants were asked to complete a self-administrated questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic and working characteristics, the Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the 14-item Fatigue Scale (FS-14), the Global Assessment of Migraine Severity (GAMS), the numeric rating scale (NRS) for dyspnea, and item three of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9-item (PHQ-9) for screening sleep disturbance.Results: A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed (200 for each group); 400 questionnaires were collected (the response rate was 100%). After eliminating 16 invalid questionnaires, 194 plateau drivers and 190 lowland drivers provided valid response (96.0%). In comparison to lowland drivers, the plateau drivers had severer fatigue (t = 4.298, p < 0.001), severer migraine (t = 11.440, p < 0.001), severer breathlessness (t = 12.094, p < 0.001), severer sleep disturbance (t = 3.353, p = 0.001), and higher prevalence of depression symptoms (χ2 = 15.123, p < 0.001). The possibility of having depression symptoms was significantly higher among military plateau drivers who were suffering severer fatigue (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.29), migraine (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.13-2.95), breathlessness (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04-1.73), and sleep disturbance (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.03-3.07).Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was high among Chinese military plateau drivers. The risk factors were fatigue, severity of migraine, severity of breathlessness, and poor sleep quality. It is essential to become aware of these risk factors and their causes to intervene and help prevention of depression among Chinese military plateau drivers.
Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of a web-based computer-tailored intervention for prevention of binge drinking among Spanish adolescents
Authors: Vargas-Martínez Ana Magdalena , Lima-Serrano Marta , Trapero-Bertran Marta
Published: June 2020

BackgroundWorldwide, binge drinking (BD) today follows being a public health concern among adolescents. This study sought to assess the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a web-based computer-tailored intervention to prevent BD in adolescence.MethodsThe sample was drawn from a study evaluating the Alerta Alcohol programme. The population consisted of adolescents aged 15–19. Decision tree analysis was used to estimate costs and health outcomes, as measured by number of BD occasions and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Incremental Cost-Effectiveness and Cost-Utility Ratios were also calculated from National Health Service (NHS) and societal perspective and for a time horizon of four months. Multivariate deterministic sensitivity analysis of best/worst scenarios by subgroups was used to account for uncertainty.ResultsThe intervention was dominant from the societal perspective resulting in savings of €7,986.37 by one BD occasion averted per month. With regard to Incremental Cost-Utility Ratios, the intervention resulted in an incremental cost of €71.05 per QALY gained from NHS perspective and this was dominant, from societal perspective, resulting in savings of €34,126.64 per QALY gained in comparison with the control group. Subgroup analyses showed that the intervention resulted dominant for girls from both perspectives, and for those who were older (17 years or more) from NHS perspective.ConclusionComputer-tailored feedback is a cost-effective way to reduce BD and to increase QALYs among adolescents. However, long-term follow-up would probably be needed to capture major changes both in reduction of BD and in increasing of health-related quality of life.Trial registration(ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT03288896. Registration date: September 20, 2017. “Retrospectively registered”.
The transcriptomic and phenotypic response of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to ionizing particle exposure
Authors: Schultzhaus Zachary , Chen Amy , Shuryak Igor , Wang Zheng
Published: June 2020

Fungi can tolerate extremely high doses of ionizing radiation compared with most other eukaryotes, a phenomenon encompassing both the recovery from acute exposure and the growth of melanized fungi in chronically contaminated environments. This observation has led to the use of fungi in radiobiology studies, with the goal of finding novel resistance mechanisms that could assist fields such as nuclear medicine and space biology. As photonic (x-ray and γ-ray) exposure is the most widely available method for irradiation, little work has been done examining how fungi (other than budding yeast) respond to irradiation by ionizing particles (e.g. protons), although particle irradiation may cause distinct cellular damage, and it is more relevant to environmental exposure profiles. Here, we expand on a previous study of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis responding to γ-radiation exposure by characterizing the phenotypic and transcriptomic response to irradiation by three different ionizing particles: protons, deuterons, and α-particles. No significant difference in survival was observed between these strains under any condition, suggesting that melanin does not impart protection to acute irradiation to these particles. The transcriptomic response during recovery to particle exposure was similar to that observed after γ-irradiation, with DNA repair and replication genes upregulated, and genes involved in translation and ribosomal biogenesis being heavily repressed, indicating an attenuation of cell growth. However, a comparison of global gene expression showed clear clustering into particle and γ-radiation groups. The response elicited by particle irradiation was more complex. Compared to the γ-associated response, particle irradiation resulted in greater changes in gene expression, a more diverse set of differentially expressed genes, and a significant induction of gene categories such as autophagy and protein catabolism. Additionally, individual particle responses were analyzed and compared, resulting in the discovery of unique expression signatures and individual genes for each particle type that could be used as radio-nuclide discrimination markers. The strong response we observed here at the gene expression level inprovides insights into the unique types of damage that particle irradiation causes to fungal cells, allowing for future dissection of radiation source-specific resistance mechanisms.
The Relationship Between Musculoskeletal Pains, Serum Estradiol Level and Climacteric Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Mohamadzade Neda , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Ziaei Saeideh , Zaeemzadeh Narges , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan
Published: June 2020

Background: Due to the decrease of estrogen levels in postmenopausal females, menopause can be associated with musculoskeletal pains. This study was designed to assess the possible association between musculoskeletal pains, serum estradiol level, and climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 307 postmenopausal females selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection procedure lasted from October 2016 to September 2018. The required data were collected using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (ÖMPQ), and a questionnaire containing personal data. The blood sample was taken to measure the estradiol level. Results: There was a direct relationship between musculoskeletal pains and menopause symptoms (p<0.001), age (p=0.03), parity (p=0.01), and BMI (p=0.03) and an indirect association between musculoskeletal pain and marriage age (p=0.009), age of first pregnancy (0.017), estradiol level (p<0.001) and education level (p=0.002). The regression analysis results showed that menopause symptoms were the strongest predictor of musculoskeletal pains among all the variables.Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that although various parameters are associated with musculoskeletal pains, climacteric symptoms are the most important predictive parameters of musculoskeletal pains.