bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with surgery in the treatment of local advanced breast cancer
Authors: Zhao Haixia , Zhang Jinying , Lu Yanxia , Jin Jihai
Published: August 2019

Objective: To investigate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery on locally advanced breast cancer and its prognosis.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-four patients with locally advanced breast cancer who were admitted to our hospital from February 2014 to April 2015 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the principle of random equalization, 77 each group. The observation group was treated with TAC scheme, neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with modified radical resection, and continuously treated with the same scheme after operation until the end of the course of treatment. The control group was treated with modified radical resection and TAC scheme. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed, and the perioperative indications, prognosis and occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 76.62%, significantly higher than that of the control group (55.84%, P<0.05). The observation group had shorter operation time and hospitalization time and less bleeding amount compared to the control group (P<0.05). The metastasis rate and recurrence rate of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05); there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The one-year and three-year survival rates of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups after operation (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with TAC scheme can reduce the difficulty of operation, improve the curative effect of patients, significantly improve the prognosis of patients and prolong the survival time, which is worth clinical application.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.310

How to cite this:Zhao H, Zhang J, Lu Y, Jin J. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with surgery in the treatment of local advanced breast cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1402-1407. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.310

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Thoracoscope and thoracotomy in the treatment of thoracic trauma
Authors: Shi Juan , Wang Yucun , Geng Wenzhen
Published: August 2019

Objective: To compare clinical effects of thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy in the treatment of thoracic trauma.

Methods: Two hundred and fourteen patients with thoracic trauma were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, 107 in each group. The control group was treated with conventional thoracotomy, while the observation group was treated with thoracoscopic surgery. The operation-related indications, hospitalization, postoperative complications and inflammatory factor level were observed and compared between the two groups. The study was conducted from April 2016 to February 2018.

Results: The duration of operation of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group, the amount of bleeding during operation of the observation group was less than that of the control group, and the postoperative visual analogue score (VAS) of the observation group was lower than that of the control group; the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). The hospitalization time, time of off-bed activity and time of resuming daily life of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, and the amount of drainage fluid of the observation group within 24 hours after operation was less than that of the control group; the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 in both groups after surgery were higher than those before surgery, but the indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Thoracoscopic surgery can reduce pains of patients, speed up recovery, and reduce incidence of surgical infection in the treatment of thoracic trauma. It is a safe and effective treatment method, which is worth clinical application.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.514

How to cite this:Shi J, Wang Y, Geng W. Thoracoscope and thoracotomy in the treatment of thoracic trauma. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1238-1242.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.514

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Women, Displacement and Exclusion: Narratives of Women Affected by Development-Induced Displacement
Authors: K Hemalatha
Published: August 2019

Development Induced displacements are usually accompanied by a „downward spiral of impoverishments‟. They result in widespread psychological and socio-cultural impacts. The worst hits are women and children who are counted among the marginalised segments in these situations. The present paper brings out the narratives of five women displaced during the building of a dam at Almatti in Bagalkot district of northern Karnataka. The thematic analysis reflects the theoretical formulations of risks to which displaced people are exposed and the narratives bring out the deterioration of their living conditions.
Editorial
Authors: Thomas Joby
Published: August 2019

This issue of Atna, the Journal of Tourism Studies marks the completion of ten successful years of the journal.The journal began its journey in the year 2006 with the objective to create a platform to publish good research based articles in the discipline of tourism,and thus promotelearning and research in tourism.It gives usimmense pleasure tothank allof you, our Members of the EditorialBoard, Referees, Authors and Readers for your strong patronage to the journal.
A Study on the Impact of Yoga Tourism on Tourists Visiting Kerala
Authors: Ambili K
Published: August 2019

Yoga tourism is the latest trend which includes both treatments as well as tourism. Kerala has emerged as the most acclaimed yoga tourist destination in the world. This study delineates the major reasons that increase the suitability of Kerala for yoga practice, the source of information about destinations in Kerala, the kind of tourism which are preferred to be combined with yoga trips, and how long have the tourists been doing yoga in their lives and the impact of yoga in their lives. The study was carried out by a descriptive research design based on survey method. Averages, percentages, chi-square test and factor analysis were used for analyzing the study. The result showed that traditional system of yoga was the major reason for suitability of Kerala for yoga practices, friends, relatives and travel agents remain key persons in giving information to the yoga tourists, and yoga has a high positive impact on tourists’ lives.
Teenagers Perceptions of Retail Format in Shopping Malls: A study on Forum Mall and its Patronage in Bangalore
Authors: Jaykumar V
Published: August 2019

The Indian retail market has grown at a double-digit compound annual growth rate over the last five years and was worth an estimated $554bn in 2011 and is expected to grow further. The Indian economy grew throughout the global downturn, with increasing consumer purchasing power bolstering the retail sector. Retailing is now the second highest contributor to India’s gross domestic product. (PR Newswire, New York, 2012)."Facebook, Twitter and more have become de rigueur rather than optional for centre marketers,"(Henry,Alison). “Centre owners and managers are also placing renewed emphasis on enhancing the 'experience' of in a bricks and-mortar environment, through targeted promotional events to engage consumers and offer them additional incentives to shop in-mall vs online."The forum mall in Bangalore presents a unique retail pattern site in Bangalore that helps build the brand identity of the mall for teenagers, as they are the ones who like the format. This study explores the relationship between teenager’s identity and their perception towards Forum Mall as a blend of lifestyle mall retailing and a patronage pattern. A store intercept survey approach was used to collect data from 120 teenagers mostly college and university students. Findings indicated that teenager’s identity as a mall enthusiast and/or a habitual mall visitor had little impact on their perceptions about the importance of selected store atmospherics in the decision to shop at Forum mall, Bangalore but did influence some of their intended patronage behaviors towards the mall.
Indigenous Tourism in India: Evaluating the Strengths of Mithila Painting Art and Heritage and Suggesting Integrated Marketing Development Approach for Sustainable Promoti
Authors: Kumar Jha Abinash , Mohan Mishra Jitendra , Chandran R C Anu
Published: August 2019

Since many generations, the folks of Mithilaecifically, the womenfolk have been creating a vigorous and distinct style of painting, known for its free hand skating and use of natural colures, carry forwarded from one to another generation through ‘mother’s-to-daughters’ tradition.
Online Tourist Behaviour: An Evaluation of the Tourism Industry of India
Authors: Dutta Bivek , M Sajnani
Published: August 2019

A review of literature pertaining to online travel behaviour shows that most travel purchases in India are done online. In India, 68% of the population book flight tickets directly. India has an urban adult population of 240 million out of which 27% or 65 million go on holidays. India has 205 million internet users and 110 million Smartphone users. Online Travel bookings are expected to grow rapidly as India’s online travel penetration is expected to increase It is not only restricted to online product purchases. This paper is an attempt to discuss online tourist behaviour in the burgeoning Tourism Industry. The paper also looks into some key aspects such as the performance of the service sector, E-commerce and development of internet which are majorly responsible for developing customer expectation. It also throws light on online tourist behaviour and means of delivering a good experience to the tourists through an array of online services.
The Efficacy of Tourism Oriented Policing and Protection Services in Puducherry – A Mixed Method Inquiry
Authors: Chandran Anu
Published: August 2019

Tourism is a global and intensively competitive industry and it entails diverse socio-environmental dynamics. It is however vulnerable to safety and security issues. A safe and peaceful ambience in the destinations is a dire necessity. Puducherry, a city in India, is a spectacular spot in the tourism map of India owing to its buoyant beaches and unique heritage manifests. This work assesses the efficacy of Tourism Oriented Policing (TOP) and other protection services incepted of late in Puducherry. The present study lays accent on the special attributes of tourism policing as distinct from the conventional mode of policing. The hallmark efforts such as capacity building programmes for the personnel responsible for tourists‟ safety and security are examined in the paper using a mixed-methods approach.
Churching Online: A Study on Religious Authority and Tourism in a Digital Age
Authors: Rajan Benson , Kundu Devaleena
Published: August 2019

Christian churches in India with their growing access to digital technology have brought along promises to im-prove the interface between religion and society. This study looks at the Assemblies of God Fellowship (AGF), a popular youth church in Ahmedabad, Gujarat which has utilised the digital space to create an experience of engaging with the spiritual. This study contributes to-wards an ethnographically researched narrative of the church and its role in the domain of digital tourism, the manner in which religious authority negotiates the influx of the Internet. The research focusses on ways in which online communications shape religious meanings, identi-ties, expressions of religiosity, and contemporary notions of tourism. AGF‘s inclusion of the online in its day-to-day faith practices along with its establishment of new units such as the ‗media team‘ has led to the emergence of a media-savvy leadership.
Sustainable Hospitality Management and Dimensions of Environmental Regulations: A Qualitative Study on the Puducherry Perspective
Authors: Chandran R C Anu , Abraham Sherry
Published: August 2019

Tourism  and  hospitality,  globally,  is  experiencing  a paradigm shift. The modern day tourists and clients of hospitality are very discerning and opt for higher quality and value based products and services. To cater to their needs, a wide range of properties at various scales are being introduced in  the  sector. At the same time, it is increasingly recognised that unplanned and uncontrolled hospitality ventures are causing certain adverse impacts on  the  environment.  These  necessitate thorough supervision of the hospitality  projects, both existing as well as upcoming, and positively check whether they are abiding by the prescribed guidelines as prevailing under the environmental notifications. That is, the set up and operations  must  be  actively  monitored  as  per the Environmental Laws and Rules. The accelerated growth of  international  and  domestic  tourists  to  Puducherry resulted in the spurt of hospitality establishments across the destination. This growth can be sustained only if the hotels, resorts, restaurants and other hospitality outlets operate by showing profound consideration towards the environment. The  business  practices  in  the  hospitality sector  of  Puducherry  are  undergoing  great transformations,  imbibing  the  latest  and  the  best  of things. Technological  advancements  have  also  altered traditional  patterns  and  many  innovative  trends  are emerging  in  the  hospitality  trade.  With  the  increased impact on  the  environment  owing  to  large  scale establishment  and  expansion  of  hospitality  projects  in Puducherry, comes the need for informed planning and sustainable  management  as  well  as  education  and training for  developers,  investors,  planners,  managers and  local  communities.  Owing  to  this  reason, the management  of  hospitality  firms  in  Puducherry  must abide by the Environmental Laws and Rules to prevent haphazard,  uncontrolled  growth,  spatial  and  land  use planning;  conforming  to  strict  architectural  controls, sewerage facilities and water treatment plants. This paper brings  to  light  the  challenges  faced  by the hospitality industry of Puducherry with regards to consumption and conservation  of  natural  resources, by  gathering  and analysing the opinion  of  experts  from the hospitality trade  and the environmental  pollution  control organisations.  This  study elucidates  the  Environmental Laws and Rules which are necessary, as in the case of the hospitality  industry  of  Puducherry, to  curtail  adverse effects  on  the  environment.  It  is  for  sure  that, in the future, quality  practices  and  management  styles  as guided and enforced by the environmental laws would contribute to  resolve  many  shortcomings  faced  by the hospitality enterprises in Puducherry.
Bridging the Gap between Producers and Consumers of Himachali Fruit Wines
Authors: Chauhan Suresh , Sharma Sukarn , Alene Yenesew
Published: August 2019

Tourism is  travel  for  recreational,  leisure  or  business purposes. This  vast industry is  associated with different services  like    Accommodation,  Food  and  Beverage services, Travel services, Recreation and Entertainment. These  days  tourists not  only  look  for  vacations  and travel—they  seek  cultural  education,  historical significance, natural or inbuilt beauty, and to taste local cuisine  and  beverages.  In  Beverages  especially, wines play an  important  role.  Winemaking  has  existed throughout  Indian history  but  was  particularly encouraged by Portugal and the United Kingdom.  The Old Testament in the Bible gives evidence of existence of wines, but there is a definite evidence of its use in China in  2000  BC  and  in  Egypt  in  3000  BC. Having  a  well established  name  in  fruit  juices,  Himachal  Pradesh  (a northern hill state in India) has planned to venture in the area of  fruit  wines.  To  know  the  present  position  of Himachal’s wine industry and the gaps therein, a research was  conducted.    It  was  found  that  Himachal’s  wine industry  should  address  issues  like  availability  of multiple flavours of fruit wines and stiff competition with beer   and   breezer.   However,   the   industry   can   take advantage  of  three  factors  associated  with  these  wines viz. health, flavour, and price. This can help Himachal to set up the same benchmark as it has done in case of juices.
Do Family Firms Invest More than Nonfamily Firms in Employee-Friendly Policies?
Authors: Kang Jun-Koo , Kim Jungmin
Published: August 2019

We examine whether family firms invest more in employee relations than nonfamily firms. Using the variation in state-level changes in inheritance, gift, and estate taxes as an exogenous shock to family control, we find that family firms, particularly those in which a founder serves as chief executive officer or those in which a family member serves as a director on the board, treat their employees better than nonfamily firms. More importantly, family firms focus on investing in employee relations that help alleviate labor-related conflicts and controversies, possibly to avoid a negative family reputation among stakeholders. Family firms’ better treatment of their employees is also evident when we use a difference-in-difference test to exploit changes in family firm status due to (sudden) deaths of family members and firms’ inclusion in Fortune’s “100 Best Companies to Work For” list to identify employee-friendly treatment. We further find that family firms in the early stage of their life cycle invest more in employee relations when they operate in labor-intensive industries in which the benefits from family owners’ monitoring of employees are expected to be large. Moreover, we find that although nonfamily firms’ investment in employee relations is impeded by several constraints, such as short-term investor pressure, managerial myopia, and managerial agency problems, family firms do not suffer from such constraints. These findings help explain why underinvestment in employee relations is prevalent in public firms despite potential long-term benefits from such intangible investment.

This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Clearing Matching Markets Efficiently: Informative Signals and Match Recommendations
Authors: Ashlagi Itai , Braverman Mark , Kanoria Yash , Shi Peng
Published: August 2019

We study how to reduce congestion in two-sided matching markets with private preferences. We measure congestion by the number of bits of information that agents must (i) learn about their own preferences, and (ii) communicate with others before obtaining their final match. Previous results suggest that a high level of congestion is inevitable under arbitrary preferences before the market can clear with a stable matching. We show that when the unobservable component of agent preferences satisfies certain natural assumptions, it is possible to recommend potential matches and encourage informative signals such that the market reaches a stable matching with a low level of congestion. Moreover, under our proposed approach, agents have negligible incentive to leave the marketplace or to look beyond the set of recommended partners. The intuitive idea is to only recommend partners with whom there is a nonnegligible chance that the agent will both like them and be liked by them. The recommendations are based on both the observable component of preferences and signals sent by agents on the other side that indicate interest.

This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, decision analysis.
Bandits with Global Convex Constraints and Objective
Authors: Agrawal Shipra , Devanur Nikhil R.
Published: August 2019

Multiarmed bandit (MAB) is a classic model for capturing the exploration–exploitation trade-off inherent in many sequential decision-making problems. The classic MAB framework, however, only allows “local” constraints on decisions and “sum of rewards” as objective. In many real-world applications, there are multiple complex constraints on resources that are consumed during the entire decision process, and performance may be evaluated through nonlinear utility functions on aggregate rewards. This article presents a new MAB framework that allows such “global” convex constraints and concave objective functions along with new algorithmic techniques with provably near-optimal performance bounds. The authors discuss applications in several domains, such as network revenue management, crowdsourcing, and pay-per-click advertising, which benefit from the new more general framework by admitting richer models and more efficient risk-averse solutions.
Exact Asymptotics for a Multitimescale Model with Applications in Modeling Overdispersed Customer Streams
Authors: Heemskerk Mariska , Mandjes Michel
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we study the asymptotics of the (scaled) exceedance probability of a multitimescale doubly-stochastic Lévy process. Two timescale regimes are distinguished: a fast regime in which one of the timescales is superlinear and a slow regime in which it is sublinear. We provide the exact asymptotics of the exceedance probability for both regimes, relying on change-of-measure arguments in combination with Edgeworth-type estimates. The asymptotics have an unconventional form: the exponent contains the commonly observed linear term but may also contain sublinear terms (the number of which depends on the precise form of the timescales chosen). To showcase the power of our results, we include two examples covering the cases where the multitimescale Lévy process is lattice and nonlattice. Finally, we present numerical experiments that demonstrate the importance of taking into account the doubly stochastic nature in a practical application related to customer streams in service systems. They show that the asymptotic results obtained yield highly accurate approximations also in scenarios in which there is no pronounced timescale separation.
Complex Parkinson's disease: review and experiences
Authors: Cotterell Phil , Weight Debbie , Joseph Sharon , Joseph Paul
Published: August 2019

The rate of Parkinson's disease progression is highly individual. It is important to identify those in the complex stage of the disease.

Non-oral therapies may be appropriate for those in the complex stage of the disease who experience motor fluctuations, but there can be reasons for a failure to explore these options. Complex Parkinson's disease is a challenging time for the patient, their carer/s and for Parkinson's specialists.

Changes to independence can be difficult to deal with, and the disease has an impact both physically and psychologically. For carers, the impact of Parkinson's can also result in physical and psychological issues, as well as social and financial problems.

Consideration often turns to moving into a care environment, dealing with neuropsychiatric issues and challenging unmet need. Dealing with symptoms and problems using a team and a palliative approach is required.
Red Bag scheme evaluation—hospital transfer pathways and their relevance to HCAs
Authors: Graham Yitka , Keith Sarah , Freeman Maria , Haggerty Ken , Dimmock Kathryn , Hayes Catherine
Published: August 2019

This article provides an insight into the evaluation of a hospital care transfer pathway, which was operationalised with the intention of improving information for healthcare professionals and local authority staff working in home and secondary care settings, such as hospitals.

The evaluation of the Red Bag scheme provides timely reminders of the need for effective communication in any context of patient-centred care, the need for the capacity to keep learning and perhaps most importantly to remain reflective on practice every day.

The article ends with 10 specific recommendations for all staff working in the context of hospital transfer, to ensure that optimal experience for patients can be assured as far as possible.
Analysis of the Missions of Higher Education Institutions within the Scope of Third Mission Understanding
Authors: Kesten Alper
Published: August 2019

Universities are more than institutions only conducting research and educating students in today’s world. Changing conditions in the world show that there is a need for redefining the functions of universities. This is called the third mission of universities. Starting from this perspective, this study aims to examine, first, the missions of all state and private universities in Turkey within the framework of the “third mission,” one of the most important priorities of universities today. The study results show that universities in Turkey adopted the third mission understanding to a certain extent, and particularly with the influence of the Council of Higher Education (CHE). However, they should do more related to the continuing education (CE), and, partially, to the social engagement (SE) dimensions. While many of the world’s leading universities include concepts such as service-learning, public engagement, or outreach in their missions and programs in order to seek integration with the societies in which they exist and with all the stakeholders with whom they cooperate, collaborate, and conduct important related activities, it is a concern regarding Turkey’s future that many universities (about 23%) did not even reflect the third mission understanding in their mission statements.
The effect of Streptococcus mutans on the Corrosion Behavior of Nickel-Titanium Dental Alloys - In Vitro Study
Authors: Marda Asmaa , Mouflih Khadija , Bellaouchou Abdelkebir , Guenbour Abdallah , Elmansari Asmae , Souly Karim , Zouhdi Mimoun , Zaoui Fatima , Bahije Loubna
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to compare the resistance of dental alloys to corrosion in a solution containing oral bacteria named Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans). The electrochemical behavior of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) was investigated in sterile Fusayama artificial saliva (AS) with the enrichment medium tryptic soy broth (TSB) in solution 1 and (AS) with (TSB) and bacteria in solution 2. The electrochemical procedures selected for this work were open circuit potentials (OCP), Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The NiTi surface was examined using optical microscopy.Â  Â  Â  After 24 hours of immersion in artificial saliva, the results have shown that NiTi revealed high corrosion reactivity in the presence of S. mutans and present pitting corrosion on the surface.
DA DESCONSTRUÇÃO DA INOVAÇÃO AO PAPEL ATIVO DA INOVAÇÃO SOCIAL EM AMBIENTES DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA NA CONFIGURAÇÃO DE TERRITORIALIDADES: PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA APLICADA NO ESTUDO DE CASO RISARALDA-COLÔMBIA
Authors: Alzate Hoyos César Andrés
Published: August 2019

Como entender o papel da inovação social (IS) como um conjunto de práticas socioespaciais? O que implicaria tornar um conceito de natureza transformadora, numa ação coordenada completamente emergencial na formação de territórios? Neste breve texto, tenta-se levar ao leitor por uma senda metodológica, de como seria abordar a IS desde sua processualidade e o que implicaria decidir na “maneira” como a sua condição de mediação cultura-espaço se realiza, ou seja, na qualificação da ação diferenciadora (inovação), mas dentro do âmbito da economia solidária. Apresentados três estudos de caso do Departamento de Risaralda-Colômbia, busca-se questionar sobre o papel ativo da IS na configuração de territorialidades, que aspectos se tornam relevantes na mediação técnico-simbólica e organizativa deste tipo de práticas, como poderia se redefinir as iniciativas de economia solidária através da auto-organização, autorrepresentação e autoprojeção que estas têm da sua própria ação coletiva?
FONTES DE CRÉDITO (EMPRÉSTIMOS E FINANCIAMENTOS) DISPONÍVEIS PARA ORGANIZAÇÕES DE CATADORES DE MATERIAIS REUTILIZÁVEIS E RECICLÁVEIS
Authors: Pupin Patricia Lopes Freire , Brumatti Lívia Martinez , Borges Ana Claudia Giannini
Published: August 2019

A demanda por recursos financeiros é uma necessidade recorrente nas Organizações de Catadores de Materiais Reutilizáveis e Recicláveis (OCMRR). No entanto, existe uma carência na oferta de crédito (seja de empréstimos ou de financiamentos) no mercado tradicional e isto influencia consideravelmente a organização financeira das OCMRR. Visto isso, objetivou-se identificar e analisar as fontes de crédito (empréstimos e financiamentos) disponíveis para essas OCMRR do estado de São Paulo, apontando dificuldades e desafios. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento destas informações junto a instituições financeiras tradicionais no estado de São Paulo, bem como em instituições públicas envolvidas na temática de Resíduos Sólidos. Foi possível identificar que a oferta desses recursos é deficitária no estado, pois os bancos tradicionais não apresentam linhas específicas para esses tipos de empreendimentos. Além disso, as OCMRR ficam dependentes da atuação conjunta com Prefeituras Municipais e/ou Instituições de Ensino para a elaboração de projetos e captação de recursos. Por fim, evidencia-se que há um hiato entre as condições requeridas pelas fontes de crédito e a condição apresentada pelas OCMRR, indicando situação de exclusão financeira dessas organizações.
UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA CONECTADA AO ANTROPOCENO
Authors: Ponte Franciney Carvalho , Szlafsztein Claudio Fabian
Published: August 2019

Os preceitos que justificam o Antropoceno se baseiam na congregação de elementos de caráter físico-humano, produzidos pelas atividades antrópicas e fundidos na terminologia ambiental. Nesse contexto, os sistemas naturais vêm sendo substituídos e/ou confrontados por sistemas humanizados. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é realizar uma retrospectiva do Antropoceno segundo uma perspectiva geográfica, considerando indícios desencadeados pela relação entre Homem e natureza, bem como a importância de uma análise pautada na transformação de cenários naturais, com destaque para os agentes geomorfológicos e geológicos como indicadores potenciais associáveis ao Antropoceno. A metodologia fundamentou-se na realização de um levantamento teórico-conceitual, voltado aos princípios do Antropoceno sob a ótica de uma abordagem holística das ações humanas e seus impactos sobre o meio. Para tanto, buscou-se ordenar tal relação partindo da metamorfose conceitual de natureza, enfatizando o Homem como agente morfológico, os fatores antropogênicos e a proposição da Geografia como suporte investigativo. O Antropoceno tem desafiado paradigmas e se constituído em um campo científico amplamente desafiador, permeando uma série de disciplinas, na busca por um melhor entendimento de eventos gerados pela coexistência de sistemas humanos e naturais. Sendo assim, não se pode negar a grande relevância do Antropoceno para a Geografia, considerando seu caráter multidisciplinar.
A VITIVINICULTURA NO ESPAÇO GEOGRÁFICO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL: UMA ABORDAGEM SOBRE A CAMPANHA GAÚCHA
Authors: Manfio Vanessa
Published: August 2019

A vitivinicultura é uma atividade antiga no espaço do Rio Grande do Sul, no entanto, somente nas últimas décadas é que mostrou maior dinamismo, a ponto de ser visível a atividade em várias regiões diferentes, empregando mão de obra e tecnologias, além de ser responsável pelo desencadeamento de pesquisas científicas e da criação de culturas e espaços turísticos, marcado de infraestruturas. No Rio Grande do Sul, as duas maiores regiões vitícolas são a Serra Gaúcha e a Campanha Gaúcha, a primeira fortemente estuda, enquanto a segunda merece a atenção, por ser um novo polo de produção de vinhos finos. Por isso, este trabalho objetivou refletir sobre a vitivinicultura gaúcha, seu contexto socioeconômico e espacial, discutindo principalmente a Campanha Gaúcha, as origens e atuais dinâmicas da produção de vinhos. Esperando assim, contribuir com os estudos geográficos referentes à vitivinicultura, que ainda são em número reduzido. Partindo de análises de revisão de literatura, trabalho de campo, leitura da paisagem, coleta de dados e aplicação, numa abordagem qualitativa. Assim, na Campanha Gaúcha, a vitivinicultura que se desenvolve apresenta características modernas e inovadoras, com perspectiva sustentável e ainda articulada por meio de ações coletivas e o vínculo do vinho com a cultura regional.
PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E ÁREAS PREDISPOSTAS A RISCO GEOLÓGICO EM BELO HORIZONTE: LIMITAÇÕES DA LEI DE PARCELAMENTO, OCUPAÇÃO E USO DO SOLO
Authors: Cruz João Pedro Martins da , Nunes Malena Silva , Azevedo Ricardo José Gontijo
Published: August 2019

Ainda que as características geológicas e geomorfológicas de Belo Horizonte não sejam favoráveis à ocupação, ela ocorre intensamente, justificando estudos que associem processos geomorfológicos com a ocupação permitida. Aspectos ambientais, como geologia e relevo, definem a predisposição ao risco geológico. Este trabalho objetivou, assim, realizar um levantamento das áreas predispostas a risco geológico elevado no município e relacioná-las com o zoneamento determinado pela legislação municipal. Para tanto, foram considerados um mapeamento de predisposição a risco geológico fornecido pela Prefeitura Municipal de Belo Horizonte e a Lei Municipal nº 7.166/1996, que trata do Parcelamento, Ocupação e Uso do Solo, com suas alterações até o ano de 2016. Foi feita, por meio do software ArcMap, uma sobreposição das bases cartográficas de áreas predispostas a risco geológico elevado e zoneamento municipal, ambas fornecidas pela prefeitura. Observou-se que diferentes tipos de riscos ocorrem, em sua maioria, em áreas coincidentes e que as zonas de maior destaque quanto à predisposição a risco elevado foram, respectivamente, as Zonas de Adensamento Restrito-2, Preservação Ambiental, Adensamento Preferencial, Proteção 1 e Grandes Equipamentos. Portanto, tornam-se fundamentais intervenções e investimentos públicos nestas áreas para garantir melhor planejamento e, consequentemente, menor vulnerabilidade à população que vive nestes locais.
EFEITOS DO MONITORAMENTO POR RADAR-FIXO NA OCORRÊNCIA DE ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO EM CUIABÁ-MT
Authors: Santos Emerson Soares dos , Souza Francisca Kaline Bezerra de
Published: August 2019

No Brasil ocorrem anualmente mais de quarenta mil mortes em decorrência de acidentes de trânsito. Em Cuiabá, entre 2000 e 2011 foram mais de mil mortes. Uma das medidas que podem ser adotadas para redução dos acidentes de trânsito é a implantação da fiscalização por meio eletrônico, com a instalação de radares com câmeras fotográficas. Em Cuiabá foram instalados nos anos 2014 e 2015, 56 unidades destes equipamentos nas principais vias da cidade. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar se os equipamentos de fiscalização eletrônica instalados em Cuiabá influenciaram na ocorrência de acidentes. Foram analisados registros de 45.129 acidentes de trânsito ocorridos em Cuiabá entre os anos 2010 a 2016. Dados de acidentes, devidamente georreferenciados, ocorridos em vias que radares foram instalados, foram filtrados com intervalo temporal de 1 ano anterior e posterior à instalação, e categorizados em função da distância que o mesmo estava do equipamento. Nos trechos até 1000 metros distantes de algum radar, os acidentes com vítimas, assim como os atropelamentos, apresentaram redução maior do que os acidentes sem vítimas. Análise das taxas de ocorrência de acidentes demonstram que os radares de monitoramento e fiscalização são eficazes na cidade de Cuiabá para a diminuição do número de acidentes.
Answering range queries under local differential privacy
Authors: Cormode Graham , Kulkarni Tejas , Srivastava Divesh
Published: August 2019

Counting the fraction of a population having an input within a specified interval i.e. a
range query,
is a fundamental data analysis primitive. Range queries can also be used to compute other core statistics such as
quantiles,
and to build prediction models. However, frequently the data is subject to privacy concerns when it is drawn from individuals, and relates for example to their financial, health, religious or political status. In this paper, we introduce and analyze methods to support range queries under the local variant of differential privacy [23], an emerging standard for privacy-preserving data analysis.

The local model requires that each user releases a noisy view of her private data under a privacy guarantee. While many works address the problem of range queries in the trusted aggregator setting, this problem has not been addressed specifically under untrusted aggregation (local DP) model even though many primitives have been developed recently for estimating a discrete distribution. We describe and analyze two classes of approaches for range queries, based on hierarchical histograms and the Haar wavelet transform. We show that both have strong theoretical accuracy guarantees on variance. In practice, both methods are fast and require minimal computation and communication resources. Our experiments show that the wavelet approach is most accurate in high privacy settings, while the hierarchical approach dominates for weaker privacy requirements.
Block as a value for SQL over NoSQL
Authors: Cao Yang , Fan Wenfei , Yuan Tengfei
Published: August 2019

This paper presents Zidian, a middleware for key-value (KV) stores to speed up SQL query evaluation over NoSQL. As opposed to common practice that takes a tuple id or primary key as key and the entire tuple as value, Zidian proposes a block-as-a-value model BaaV. BaaV represents a relation as keyed blocks (
k, B
), where
k
is a key of a block (a set)
B
of partial tuples. We extend relational algebra to BaaV.

We show that under BaaV, Zidian substantially reduces data access and communication cost. We provide characterizations (sufficient and necessary conditions) for (a) result-preserving queries, i.e., queries covered by available BaaV stores, (b) scan-free queries, i.e., queries that can be evaluated without scanning any table, and (c) bounded queries, i.e., queries that can be answered by accessing a bounded amount of data. We show that in parallel processing, Zidian guarantees (a) no scans for scan-free queries, (b) bounded communication cost for bounded queries; and (c) parallel scalability, i.e., speed up when adding processors. Moreover, Zidian can be plugged into existing SQL-over-NoSQL systems and retains horizontal scalability. Using benchmark and real-life data, we empirically verify that Zidian improves existing SQL-over-NoSQL systems by 2 orders of magnitude on average.
Change in Brain Plasmalogen Composition by Exposure to Prenatal Undernutrition Leads to Behavioral Impairment of Rats
Authors: Hino Kodai , Kaneko Shunya , Harasawa Toshiya , Kimura Tomoko , Takei Shiro , Shinohara Masakazu , Yamazaki Fumiyoshi , Morita Shin-ya , Sato Shumpei , Kubo Yoshihito , Kono Tadaaki , Setou Mitsutoshi , Yoshioka Mina , Fujino Junya , Sugihara Hiroyuki , Kojima Hideto , Yamada Naoto , Udagawa Jun
Published: August 2019

Epidemiological studies suggest that poor nutrition during pregnancy influences offspring predisposition to experience developmental and psychiatric disorders. Animal studies have shown that maternal undernutrition leads to behavioral impairment, which is linked to alterations in monoaminergic systems and inflammation in the brain. In this study, we focused on the ethanolamine plasmalogen of the brain as a possible contributor to behavioral disturbances observed in offspring exposed to maternal undernutrition. Maternal food or protein restriction between gestational day (GD) 5.5 and GD 10.5 resulted in hyperactivity of rat male adult offspring. Genes related to the phospholipid biosynthesis were found to be activated in the PFC, but not in the NAcc or striatum, in the offspring exposed to prenatal undernutrition. Corresponding to these gene activations, increased ethanolamine plasmalogen (18:0p-22:6) was observed in the PFC using mass spectrometry imaging. A high number of crossings and the long time spent in the center area were observed in the offspring exposed to prenatal undernutrition and were mimicked in adult rats via the intravenous injection of ethanolamine plasmalogen (18:0p-22:6) incorporated into the liposome. Additionally, plasmalogen (18:0p-22:6) increased only in the PFC, and not in the NAcc or striatum. These results suggest that brain plasmalogen is one of the key molecules to control behavior, and its injection using liposome is a potential therapeutic approach for cognitive impairment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMaternal undernutrition correlates to developmental and psychiatric disorders. Here, we found that maternal undernutrition in early pregnancy led to hyperactivity in rat male offspring and induced gene activation of phospholipid-synthesizing enzyme and elevation of ethanolamine plasmalogen (18:0p-22:6) level in the PFC. Intravenous injection of ethanolamine plasmalogen (18:0p-22:6) incorporated into the liposome maintained crossing activity and the activity was circumscribed to the center area for a long time period, as in prenatally undernourished offspring with aberrant behavior. Furthermore, the amount of ethanolamine plasmalogen (18:0p-22:6) increased in the PFC of the rat after injection. Our result suggests that brain plasmalogen is one of the key molecules to control behavior and that its injection using liposome is a potential therapeutic approach for cognitive impairment.
Active surface deformations detected by precise levelling surveys in the Afyon-Akşehir Graben, Western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Tiryakioğlu Ibrahim , Ozer Yigit Cemal , Ozkaymak Caglar , Baybura Tamer , Yilmaz Mustafa , Ali Ugur Mehmet , Yalcin Mustafa , Poyraz Fatih , Sözbilir Hasan , Engin Gulal Vahap
Published: August 2019

In the actively deforming region of western Anatolia, crustal deformation is accommodated by destructive earthquakes and a variety of aseismic events. In this study, we investigated the 2016–2017 aseismic sequence located in the Bolvadin Fault, one of the segments of the Akşehir-Simav Fault System of western Anatolia by analysing surface deformation derived from detailed geological mapping. Our findings suggest that surface deformation in the Bolvadin Fault is accommodated by aseismic episodes. During the field studies in the Bolvadin area, progressive surface deformations, such as surface faults and earth fissures with a length of 800 meters to 3 kilometres and strike of N15°E to N70°E were mapped on a 1/5000 scale. Furthermore, a levelling network was established to calculate the vertical displacements and deformation rate along the surface deformations. Precision level measurements were undertaken in 2016 and 2017. On the routes to the NW of the Bolvadin settlement, a vertical deformation rate of 30 mm/yr was detected in the period of 2016–2017, and a large deformation rate of 40 mm/yr was detected in the same period.
Linha de cuidado para gestantes com sífilis baseada na visão de enfermeiros
Authors: Araújo Michelle Andiara de Medeiros , Macêdo Giovanna Gabrielly Custódio , Lima Gigliola Marcos Bernardo de , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Trigueiro Débora Raquel Soares Guedes , Trigueiro Janaína von Söhsten
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: construir uma proposta de linha de cuidado para a gestante com sífilis a partir da visão de enfermeiros. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com sete enfermeiras da Atenção Primária à Saúde, por meio de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado com dados sociodemográficos, profissionais e questões norteadoras. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade temática. Resultados: foi construída uma unidade temática central e cinco categorias que abordam a atuação da Atenção Primária à Saúde, dificuldades e potencialidades da assistência, processo de enfermagem, interprofissionalidade e a idealização de um caminho de cuidados. Conclusão: resultados apontam a existência de um cenário de assistência à gestante com sífilis, contudo, com ações minimamente articuladas. Os enfermeiros apresentam dificuldades que podem interferir no cuidado prestado, como a frágil captação das gestantes e parceiros, e falta de envolvimento da gestão municipal.
A placebo-controlled randomized study with testosterone in Klinefelter syndrome: beneficial effects on body composition
Authors: Høst Christian , Bojesen Anders , Erlandsen Mogens , Groth Kristian A , Kristensen Kurt , Jurik Anne Grethe , Birkebæk Niels H , Gravholt Claus H
Published: August 2019

Context and objective

Males with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are typically hypogonadal with a high incidence of metabolic disease, increased body fat and mortality. Testosterone treatment of hypogonadal patients decrease fat mass, increase lean body mass and improve insulin sensitivity, but whether this extends to patients with KS is presently unknown.

Research design and methods

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, BMI-matched cross-over study, 13 males with KS (age: 34.8 years; BMI: 26.7 kg/m2) received testosterone (Andriol®) 160 mg per day (testosterone) or placebo treatment for 6 months. Thirteen age- and BMI-matched healthy controls were recruited. DEXA scan, abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp, muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake measurement were performed.

Results

Total lean body mass and body fat mass were comparable between testosterone-naïve KS and controls using DEXA, whereas visceral fat mass, total abdominal and intra-abdominal fat by CT was increased (P < 0.05). Testosterone decreased total body fat (P = 0.01) and abdominal fat by CT (P = 0.04). Glucose disposal was similar between testosterone-naïve KS and controls (P = 0.3) and unchanged during testosterone (P = 0.8). Free fatty acid suppression during the clamp was impaired in KS and maximal oxygen uptake was markedly lower in KS, but both were unaffected by treatment. Testosterone increased hemoglobin and IGF-I.

Conclusion

Testosterone treatment in adult males with KS for 6 months leads to favorable changes in body composition with reductions in fat mass, including abdominal fat mass, but does not change measures of glucose homeostasis.