bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODEL STUKTURAL BERBASIS SISTIM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DALAM PENGELOLAAN WILAYAH PESISIR SECARA BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Berhitu Pieter Th.
Published: September 2021

Geographical Information System-Based Structural Model in Sustainable Management of Coastal Areas which is the background is that the management of the coastal areas of Ambon City and Central Maluku Regency in the last 10-20 years has not been managed properly and sustainably so that various aspects of development do not work well causing various The problems include damage to the coastal physical environment, namely abrasion, erosion, and sedimentation, water damage due to pollution, damage to protective building infrastructure, coastal mitigation issues, declining quality of coastal environmental resources due to the increasing number of residents in coastal areas, causing the development of slum areas. coastal ecosystem. The purpose of the study is to determine the model and strategy for managing coastal areas in Ambon City and Central Maluku District in a sustainable manner. The method used in this research is the descriptive method. Primary data collection was carried out using a questionnaire for respondents from the community, expert respondents, community institutions, and policymakers. The analysis carried out is Sustainability Analysis with Multi Dimension Scale (MDS), geographic information system analysis, SEM structural analysis, Process Hierarchy analysis (AHP). The results of the sustainability analysis with MDS obtained the Multi-Dimensional Sustainability Index value of 50.13% is in the moderately sustainable category. The results of the SEM model analysis on the role of zoning and community roles in sustainable coastal area management is an acceptable “fit model”. The results of the AHP provide an overview of the assessment by policymakers in the implementation of the program, prioritizing the strategy for Management of Sustainable Coastal Area Management Based on Geographic Information Systems with an assessment score of 39.3%, with the largest presentation being “Coastal Area Arrangement in accordance with GIS-Based Zoning Laws” of 13, 6%.
ANALISIS PARAMETER STABILITAS KAPAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN OPERASIONAL PENANGKAPAN KAPAL PUKAT CINCIN DI PERAIRAN LAUT BANDA
Authors: Metekohy Obed
Published: September 2021

The fishing operation of ring trawlers in Banda Sea waters is a promising potential with abundant fish stocks. However, fishing ground conditions with extreme weather greatly affect fishing operations because they are not supported by adequate fishing facilities. In general, ring trawlers are made in a traditional way, with hereditary experience. The shipbuilding greatly affects the operational characteristics of fishing, especially when setting fishing gear, pulling nets with catches from the sea, and when ships departing to and returning from the fishing grounds. This study aims to analyze the stability parameters of the ship so that it can improve fishing operations and ensure the safety of fishermen. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Analysis of the stability parameters refers to the design regulations of the Fish vessel. The results showed that the characteristic parameters of the ratio of the width and height of the deck (L/B) were 93%, GM 62.23%, TR 35.55% less than the technical design standards so that it greatly affected the stability of the ship during fishing operations.
PENGEMBANGAN KAPAL PERIKANAN TRIMARAN: KAJIAN MENGENAI KEBUTUHAN TENAGA KAPAL, KEAMANAN DAN KENYAMANAN
Authors: Luhulima Richard B.
Published: September 2021

In general, the fishing fleets operating in Maluku waters are consisted of monohull and trimaran vessels with outriggers managed by local entrepreneurs. Monohull fishing vessels have limited deck space and low transverse stability, whereas trimaran fishing vessels have more deck space and greater transverse stability than monohull fishing vessels, but space is still limited due to their outrigger shape. This study aimed to analyze the development of the trimaran fishing vessel in terms of energy requirements, safety and comfort of the crew during fishing operations. At the beginning of this research, data analysis was undertaken and the basic size of monohull fishing vessels operating in Maluku waters, from this data the shape of the trimaran hull was then designed. Resistance was calculated using CFD, and then the resistance, stability, safety, and comfort of the ship were examined using Maxsurf. The trimaran vessel’s barrier was 8.86% smaller than a monohull and 3.25% smaller than a catamaran. Trimaran vessels consumed more energy than other vessel types. The average trimaran period was 10.5 seconds which met IMO standards and was declared as operationally good.
MODEL OPTIMISASI UNTUK MASALAH MINIMISASI BIAYA PERJALANAN WISATA TUR-TUNGGAL DI ZONA KEPULAUAN
Authors: Afifudin M Thezar , Sahar Dian P.
Published: September 2021

This study aims to develop an optimization model for solving the insular cost minimization single-tour travel problems. The model was developed using an integer non-linear programming approach by considering the selection of departure and arrival points of an island, selecting accommodation points, selecting transportation mode departure schedules, and selecting travel routes both within islands and between islands. The cost components considered include inter-island travel costs, land travel costs, costs at selective points, and costs waiting for departure. A numerical experiment was conducted on the case of planning a tourist route in Maluku, Indonesia. The departure day scenario is built to find out the exact route and schedule on each day of departure with a minimum total cost. In addition, comparisons were also made to the results obtained in the time minimization model that was introduced earlier. The results showed that the model can adapt through variations of solutions to changes in the given parameters and objectives.
Bibliometric Analysis of the 103 Most-Cited Articles about COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Field
Authors: ÖNER Özlem , HANCI Volkan
Published: September 2021

Introduction.:The COVID-19 pandemic affects the whole world and many studies were published about intensive care. Our aim is to assess the characteristics of 103 publications with most citations among literature related to COVID-19 in the intensive care field.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study used suitable key words like “COVID-19”, “COVID-2019”, “SARS-CoV-2” and “pandemic” in the “Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science” database to determine the top 103 publications with most citations. Comparison of groups used the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests.

Results: Analysis of intensive care literature about COVID-19 up to October 2020 determined 1413 publications. The most-cited study had 1004 citations, while 7 was the minimum citations within the top 103 studies. The mean total citation number for these publications was 49.58±117.63. The most-cited study was by Xu, Zhe et al. in the April 2020 issue of Lancet Respiratory Medicine entitled “Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome”. When the areas of focus of the top studies are investigated, they were COVID-19 treatment (26.21%), experience and recommendations about COVID-19 (23.30%) and COVID-19 physiopathology (13.59%).

Conclusions: Our study is the first to analyze the top 103 studies with most citations related to COVID-19 in the intensive care literature. With the spread of the pandemic, academic articles continue to be published with great speed. Bibliographic studies provide critical information to assess the citation profile and determine the areas of focus. Future intensive care publications about COVID-19 will focus on diagnosis, treatment and physiopathology.
ETKİNLİK PAZARLAMASI: AVANTAJLARI, ZORLUKLARI VE STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: GEDİK Yasemin
Published: September 2021

2000'lerden itibaren pazarlama ve medya iletişiminde büyük bir değişim meydana gelmiştir. Tüketicilerin geleneksel reklamcılığa gittikçe daha az tepki vermesi sorunuyla karşı karşıya kalan pazarlamacılar, potansiyel müşterilere ulaşmak için yeni yollar aramaya başlamıştır. Etkinlik, pazarlama hedeflerine ulaşmak için canlı olarak gerçekleşen bir pazarlama iletişim faaliyetidir. Etkinlik pazarlaması, bir ürünü, amacı veya organizasyonu tanıtmak için temalı bir etkinlik tasarlama ve geliştirmeyi içerir. Etkinlik pazarlamasının temel hedeflerinden biri, tüketici deneyimini ve işletmenin ürünlerine ilişkin marka farkındalığını arttırmaktır. Müşterilerin bizzat yaşadığı deneyimler, gerçeklik kavramını belirlemede geleneksel reklamlarla iletilen dolaylı deneyimlerden daha güçlü olduğundan, etkinlikler, görme, ses, koku, tat ve dokunmayı içeren çok yönlü marka deneyimleri oluşturmak için daha etkilidir. Etkinlik pazarlaması, günümüzde işletmeler tarafından yoğun bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma etkinlik pazarlaması ile ilgili geniş bir teorik çerçeve oluşturmaya odaklanmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışma güncel istatistiklerle birlikte etkinlik pazarlama stratejilerini de inceleyerek söz konusu pazarlama kararlarını alırken işletme yöneticilerine yardımcı olmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Pengaruh Subtitusi Konsentrat dengan Tepung Maggot terhadap Pertambahan Bobot Badan dan Konversi Pakan Ayam Broiler
Authors: Budianto Muhammad Luthfi , Al kurnia Dyanovita , Hertanto Arif Arya
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk melihat pengaruh subtitusi konsentrat dengan tepung maggot terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan ayam broiler. Materi menggunakan DOC umur 3 hari sebanyak 36 ekor, pakan yang dipakai ialah konsentart dengan merek MALINDO 8202-R, tepung maggot, jagung, dan bekatul dengan Perlakuan P0 Kosentrat 30%, bekatul 10%, jagung 60%, maggot 0%, P1 Kosentrat 20%, bekatul 10%, jagung 60%, maggot 10%, P2 Kosentrat 10%, bekatul 10%, jagung 60%, maggot 20%, P3 Kosentrat 0%, bekatul 10%, jagung 60%, maggot 30%. Metode penelitian ialah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) menggunakan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Pada tiap perlakuan digunakan 9 ekor ayam dan di setiap perlakuan digunakan 3 ulangan dan disetiap ulangan isi dengan 3 ekor ayam. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh rataan dan standar deviasi pertambahan bobot badan harian ayam broiler. Analisis ragam memperlihatkan bahwa penambahan tepung maggot tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0.05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan. Pada penelitian yang telah dilakukan menggunakan perlakuan P0 (0%), P1 (10%), P2 (20%), P3 (30%) diperoleh hasil rerata pertambahan bobot badan ayam broiler dengan perlakuan 27.02 ± 0,30 (P0), 27.30± 0,31 (P1), 27.54 ± 0,11 (P2), 27.35 ± 0,36 (P3). Sedangkan hasil konversi pakan memperlihatkan hasil mengunakan komersil dengan penambahan tepung maggot dengan taraf pemberian P0 (0%), P1 (10%), P2 (20%), P3 (30%), yang nilai konversinya terendah ialah P1 (0,79±0,00)  sedangkan nilai konversi tertinggi adalah P0 sebesar (0,83±0,02). Secara numeric antar perlakuan terdapat perbedaan dalam variable konversi pakan, hal ini terlihat pada nilai konversi pakan P1 (0,79±0,00), P2 (0,79 ± 0,02), P3 (0,80 ± 0,03), P0 (0,83 ± 0,02).
Lesbians, Gay Men, Bisexuals, Trans, Inter and Queers*
Authors: Heinrich Thomas
Published: September 2021

Since the International Conference of the IIBA in 2007 at Sevilla, the shift of attitude in the Bioenergetic world towards LGB* to an affirmative one became public. Simultaneously, in the Bioenergetic world the publishing on this topic stopped. The resulting gap to the meanwhile increased knowledge of LGBTIQ* affirmative research will hereby filled up by information about the life situation of LGBTIQ*, an empathetic change of perspective on the LGBTIQ* world and some considerations on a Bioenergetic affirmative approach for the body related psychotherapy with LGBTIQ* clients.
Scham: Der Wunsch gesehen zu werden und das Bedürfnis sich zu verstecken
Authors: Resneck-Sannes Helen
Published: September 2021

Die Unterscheidung der Scham von Schuld und Verlegenheit geschieht durch die Erläuterung biologischer und energetischer Komponenten der Scham. Scham ist eine Reaktion auf eine innerhalb einer Beziehung erlittene Verletzung. Ihr Ursprung in der frühkindlichen Entwicklung wird untersucht, insbesondere ihr Zusammenhang mit Narzissmus. Es folgen Ausführungen zu Geschlechterunterschieden bei Scham und in Reaktionen auf Beschämung. Die Heilung sexuellen Missbrauchs wird thematisiert, wobei der Fokus auf der Scham liegt als dem Haupthindernis in der Arbeit mit sexuellem Missbrauch. Zum Schluss ist die Dynamik bei Außenseitern der Gesellschaft und deren Empfänglichkeit für Scham Gegenstand der Diskussion.
Zwänge und Persönlichkeitsstörungen
Authors: Ceroni Mara Luiza Vieira , Abude Cláudia
Published: September 2021

Der vorliegende Artikel reflektiertmöglicheUrsachen gewalttätiger Schießereien und Diagnosen daran beteiligter Personen. Die Strategien zur Prävention solcher gesellschaftlichen Tragödien bleiben einigermaßen kontrovers und in ihrer Zielrichtung ungenau, zumal es ihnen an Aufmerksamkeit in der theoretischen Auseinandersetzung fehlt (Rocque & Duwe, 2018). Der Fachliteratur zufolge ist eine der häufigsten Diagnosen in jenen Fällen die Schizoide Persönlichkeitsstörung (SPD) mit Symptomen der Bindungslosigkeit, Isolation und Schwierigkeiten im Kontakt mit anderen Menschen (DSM-5, 2013). Der Verlust der Fähigkeit, soziale Beziehungen und Nähe herzustellen, kann gelegentlich eine Psychotherapie erschweren, die gerade auf Entwicklung von Bindungsmöglichkeiten setzt. Die Statistiken der letzten 50 Jahre weisen einen dramatischen Anstieg der Gewalt Jugendlicher auf. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose ist daher von zentraler Bedeutung für die Prävention und Behandlung dieser Fälle. Gleichzeitig besteht ein dringender Bedarf an weiterer Forschung und Fallstudien (Rocque, 2017). Für diagnostizierte SPD-Patienten1 zeichnet sich die Bioenergetische Analyse durch einen therapeutischen Rahmen aus, in dem Annäherung und Kontakt Vorrang haben; sie wird ebenfalls geschätzt als ein Ansatz, der offen ist für neue Untersuchungsmethoden und Behandlungstechniken, die Menschen helfen sollen, ihr Herz dem Leben und der Liebe zu öffnen. Wird dieses Ziel nicht erreicht, sind laut Lowen (1991) die Folgen tragisch.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY APPROACHES FOR OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS FOR AN AIR-JET SUNFLOWER SEEDS REMOVER MACHINE
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Mirzabe Amir Hossein , Chegini Gholam Reza ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Massah Jafar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Mansouri Ali ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Khazaei Javad ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2021

An impingement jet method was employed for extracting of sunflower seeds from sunflower heads (SHs). The method was based on holding SHs with a rotating plate and extracting the sunflower seeds with the help of pressurized air-jets. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to model the effects of operational parameters of impingement air-jet on performance of preliminary model of the remover machine. The operational parameters were diameter of nozzle (ND), angle of impingement (AI), distance between nozzle outlet and sunflower head (DBNS), air pressure (AP) and rotational velocity of sunflower head (RV). The final ANN model, 3-5-1, successfully modeled the relationship between three operational parameters, ND, AI and RV with removing performance of machine (RPAJSSR) with R2of 0.98 and T value of 0.96. The RSM method was applied for three different locations of SHs at the optimum AP of 7 bar. The maximum value of RPAJSSR, (57%) was obtained for ND of 8 mm, AI of 30°, DBNS of 20 mm and RV of 10 rpm at side region of SH (SRSH). Also, the minimum value (4.49%) belonged to ND of 4 mm, AI of 30°, DBNS of 20 mm and RV of 15 rpm for central region of SH (CRSH).
DETECTION OF BACTERIAL ETIOLOGY USING BIOLUMINESCENCE METHOD ON CUP LIDS DUE TO THE CHANGE IN THEIR FREQUENCY OF USE – SHORT COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Department of Dairy Products Quality, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland, Biegalski Jakub
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, cup with a drink is an attribute of a modern consumer. It is used for hot drinks (e.g. coffee, tea, hot chocolate) and cold drinks (e.g. fruit juices). Currently, there is a noticeable tendency to replace disposable cups with one reusable cup. The barrier to their reuse (especially the mouthpiece on the lid), is the lack of knowledge about its microbiological state. The aim of the presented research was to estimate the risk of bacterial etiology occurrence on disposable and reused lids. The overall metabolic activity of microorganisms was assessed by measuring ATP using the bioluminescence method. Detection of microorganisms was carried out on the abiotic surface (PP / PS), both on the lids of disposable cups used once and repeatedly. Contact with the personnel's hands was also considered. The results of the experiment indicate that the contact of the lids with the personnel's hands is not a reason for the increasing amount of ATP. The highest amounts of ATP were observed on lids of cups used repeatedly.
WHY SOME YARROWIA LIPOLYTICA STRAINS SECRET CITRIC ACID TO THE MEDIUM?
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland, Robak Małgorzata
Published: September 2021

Despite many studies, the “check points” of metabolic regulation of citric acid (CA) secretion by the yeasts Y.lipolytica still remain unknown. In this manuscript, some possible aspects of strain dependent secretion as well as CA metabolism regulation were discussed. Keys enzymes’ activities, substrate concentration, affinity of the uptake systems, intracellular CA concentration and strains abilities were the main points taken into consideration. The direction for the future studies emerged from this review, mainly connected to cellular and mitochondrial citrate transport systems and cellular substrates transporters (glucose, fructose, glycerol, ethanol and acetate), give promising starting point for future efficient strain development.
A REVIEW OF DEPOSIT VELOCITY PREDICTION METHODS FOR MEDIUM PARTICLE SIZE SLURRIES IN PIPES
Authors:   Slurry Systems Engineering Pty Limited, Lochinvar, Australia, Thomas Allan
Published: September 2021

Methods of predicting the deposit velocity for wide particle size slurries with maximum particle size up to about 1 mm and maximum d50 size around 0.3 mm are outlined. These slurries generally possess non-Newtonian properties, typically modelled as Bingham plastics, and typically flow pseudo-homogeneously in turbulent flow down to the deposit velocity. Because they flow pseudo-homogeneously, pressure gradient prediction is relatively easy once a suitable operating velocity is selected. Consequently, the deposit velocity is the most important parameter as it determines the operating velocity. Beginning with Durand and Condolios [6], the historical development of the major methods for predicting the deposit velocity for mono-size particles in water are first reviewed, and their advantages and limitations discussed. Methods of extending predictions to mono-size particles in viscous Newtonian fluids are then reviewed. Next, prediction techniques relevant to deposition are reviewed for non-Newtonian slurries. These include prediction of the transition velocity between laminar and turbulent flow, and the critical pressure gradient required to prevent deposition under laminar flow conditions. Finally, these prediction techniques are combined to apply to minus 1 mm, wide size distribution, viscous slurries, commonly encountered in the mining industry. Two deposit velocity prediction techniques for these types of slurries are discussed. The first technique, based on determining the inherent viscosity of the slurry and assuming the weighted mean particle size of the total slurry represented the relevant coarse particle dimension, was found to predict performance in an operating 593 mm ID pipeline. The second technique, based on assuming the minus 75 µm portion represented the “carrier” fluid and assuming the median size of the plus 75 µm portion represented the relevant coarse particle dimension, was found to give very good predictions of the observed deposition trends of Goosen and Paterson [8] for a minus 300 µm gold tailings tested in 100 mm, 152 mm and 242 mm test loops.
INVESTIGATION AND ASSESSMENT OF SOIL DENSITY CHANGED BY REPEATED PASSES OF MIDDLE-WEIGHT TRACTORS WITH DIFFERENT DRIVE SYSTEMS
Authors:   Department of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Biosystems Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland, Błaszkiewicz Zbigniew
Published: September 2021

This work presents the investigation of the influence of repeated passes of medium-weight tractors with single wheels and additional wheels on the soil density to the depth of 0.4 m. The experiments were carried out in the Greater Poland Region (Poland), on light soil (Luvisol, loamy sand). The soil density was analysed in the arable layer at the two depths of 0.08–0.12 m and 0.18–0.22 m and in the plough pan at a depth of 0.30–0.34 m. The tractors weighing 52.1, 62.8 and 71.8 kN equipped with single wheels (standard wheels) and tractors weighing 52.1 and 71.8 kN equipped with additional wheels were used in the experiments. The research proved that repeated passes of the tractors with standard and addition wheels caused a linear or non-linear (logarithmic) increase in the soil density in the arable layer. Only light tractor 52.1 kN with dual wheels caused soil density increase in the hard pen. The above soil density changes inconsistent depend on the weight tractors and mean tractor pressure. Repeated passes of tractors with additional wheels resulted in lower soil density in the arable layer especially by second and third pass. A larger number of passes of middle-weight tractors with standard wheels as well with additional wheels increases the risk of reduced yield of cultivated plants.
ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC RELATIONS AMONG CERTIFIED AND NON-CERTIFIED COCOA MARKETERS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, College of Agriculture, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria, Salau Shehu Abdulganiyu , Agbede Temitope Blessing ,   Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, College of Agriculture, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

Analysis of factors influencing public relations (PR) in agricultural marketing are scarce in the literature. Thus, this study identified the different types of adopted PR strategies, described the structure of cocoa market, estimated the marketing margin, determined factors affecting PR strategies and outlined the major challenges hindering the use of PR among certified and non-certified cocoa marketers. A combination of purposive and proportional sampling techniques were used to select 120 respondents for the study. To achieve the research objectives, the analytical tools are: descriptive statistics, Likert-scale, Herfindal Index, marketing efficiency model, marketing margin and multiple regression analysis. The result revealed that the most frequently used PR strategies was phone calls. The Herfindahl Index value of 0.19 and 0.12 suggested that the structure of cocoa markets among the certified and non-certified marketers was slightly concentrated and non-concentrated respectively. Moreover, the higher efficiency (122.6%) and marketing margin (18.44%) values for the certified cocoa marketers revealed that they are more productive than the non-certified marketers. Age, marketing margin, cost of damaged cocoa beans and household size are the important variables explaining the adoption of PR strategies among certified cocoa marketers. On the other hand, marketing margin, cost of damaged cocoa beans and household size are the important variables influencing the adoption of PR strategies among non-certified marketers. The most important factors hindering cocoa marketing are high cost of transportation and commission among certified and non-certified cocoa marketer respectively. We recommend the use of mobile phone and training of marketers on use of PR strategies and modern cocoa processing techniques. Irregular network, high airtime tariff and input subsidies challenges should be addressed by the government to reduce wastage in the industry.
MOISTURE-DEPENDENT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MEDICAL TINY SEEDS: PART A: FLIXWEED (DESCURAINIA SOPHIA L.)
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Mirzabe Amir Hossein , Fadavi Ali ,   Department of Food Technology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Mansouri Ali ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2021

Knowledge of agricultural seeds’ physical properties has significant importance for machinery and processing equipment design. Physical properties of flixweed (Descur ainia sophia L.) seeds were determined as a function of moisture content. Several properties were studied in the moisture range from 5.28 to 17.53% dry basis. Also, probability distribution of seeds’ principal dimensions were modeled by Gamma, Generalized Extreme Value, Lognormal, and Weibull functions. With increasing moisture content from 5.28 to 17.53%, properties including; length, width, thickness, geometric and arithmetic mean diameter, sphericity, specific surface area, volume, and projected area showed no specific trend. In contrast, the surface area increased from 6×10-7 to 1×10-6 m2. The bulk and particle density decreased from 696.61 to 542.51 kg·m-3, and 1217.50 to 1189.02 kg·m-3, respectively. The porosity increased from 42.78 to 54.37%. The maximum external static angle of friction belonged to wood at all moisture content levels, followed by the iron and galvanized surfaces. At all moisture levels, the emptying angle of repose was more than the filling one.
Marco geográfico del área cultural del "Kauke" en el Perú
Authors: Matos Mar José
Published: September 2021

El Instituto de Etnología de la Facultad de Letras de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, está actualmente llevando a cabo una investigación etnológica en la Comunidad de Tupe, centro del área cultural del idioma "Kauke" en el Perú, situada en la Provincia de Yauyos, al Sur-Este del departamento de Lima.
Vocalismo y consonantismo históricos en el lenguaje de los cronistas del Perú
Authors: Jiménez Borja José
Published: September 2021

Los cronista antiguos del Perú escriben en una prosa que, por lo general, tiene todavía el poder dinamogénico del romance español de la Edad Media. Están insertos dentro de la gran corriente de aquel lenguaje jocundo y móvil que desborda su fuerza plástica y que aun no alcanza a detenerse en las altas formas, complejas y elegantes pero ya cristalizadas, del Renacimiento. América recibe con él su esencia expresiva y funda su tradición idiomática, según la sagaz observación de Ricardo Rojas en el frontal de "Eurindia".
José María Eguren, poeta clásico
Authors: Núñez Estuardo
Published: September 2021

Nunca como en esta ocasión será mejor probada una expresión de mi gratitud a la Facultad de Letras y a su Instituto de Literatura que me brindan la oportunidad singular de volver sobre un tema amado como pocos, por lo mismo que anduvo en estrecha colindancia con mis años juveniles, en que se mezclaron impulsos de la más pura intención con la vivencia cabal del poeta Eguren y de su obra.
El arte del grabado en España
Authors: Faraldo Ramón
Published: September 2021

Seguramente mi primer deber ante ustedes, que han cometido la temeridad de venir a escucharme es el de justificar mi presencia, ya que la presencia de la exposición se justifica por sí sola.

Mi presencia aquí se debe a dos razones. La primera es cosa mía, y, por ello, puede quedarse en buena voluntad: la de contribuir a explicarles, por qué esta rama de arte de España es como es y no de otra manera.
Comentarios a un famoso parecer contra Las Casas
Authors: Bataillon Marcel
Published: September 2021

Hay pocos documentos más interesantes para la "historia moral" de las Indias que el llamado "memorial anónimo de Yucay" del 16 de marzo dé 1571 . Para desentrañar su sentido, importa mucho conocer la situación personal del autor. Felizmente su anónimo es transparente. Su manera de firmarse "su siervo" y una alusión a "su profesión que es dar luz", hicieron sospechar justificadamente que era director de conciencia del Virrey. Jiménez de la Espada pensó en el Dr. Pedro Gutiérrez, capellán de don Francisco de Toledo en los años de su visita general. Pero la nota humilde de "siervo" unida con cierta manera libre de juzgar a "los frailes" en general, hacen pensar más que en un seglar, en un religioso que no fuera fraile, es decir en un jesuita. Es curioso que nadie haya indicado como autor probable, casi seguro, al Padre Jerónimo Ruíz de Portillo, primer provincial de la Compañía en el Perú y director de conciencia del Virrey Toledo en las primeras etapas de su visita.
Original perdido de la "Historia General del Perú" de Fray Martín de Múrua, mercedario
Authors: Ballesteros G. Manuel
Published: September 2021

De trascendental calificaría —si no se tratara de trabajo mío— la aportación que tengo el honor de presentar ante este I CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE PERUANISTAS. Trascendental por que con ella tengo el honor gratísimo de traer ante los sabios, que aquí concurren, una de las piezas más traída y llevada, más discutida, y cuya fragmentaria conservación hacía levantar siempre lamentos lacrimosos y nostalgias de un hallazgo del original. Así el Padre Bayle, uno de los más inteligentes editores de Murúa, profetizaba —y se quedaba corto— que "El día que aparezca el original auténtico, el libro gana de golpe treinta y tres capítulos sobre la edición de Lima ( l a de Urteaga) y trece sobre ésta ( l a suya) . . ." En ese venturoso día estamos y he reservado con cariño para este momento solemne, de reunión de los peruanistas de todo el mundo, el dar a conocer el resultado de una búsqueda que culminó con la aparición de este deseado "original auténtico" —que podemos diputarlo así puesto que lleva firmas que no dejan lugar a dudas— con todas sus ilustraciones, tal como lo concibiera y mandara a España Fray Martín.
Grandeza y aticismo en la obra de Francisco García Calderón
Authors: Jiménez Borja José
Published: September 2021

El 2 de Julio de 1953 falleció en su residencia de Miraflores, en las inmediaciones de Lima, Francisco García Calderón, concentrado signo de las letras peruanas, figura gloriosa de la generación que aparece con el novecientos que señorea hasta la generación "Colónida" surgida en 1916. Retirado de toda actividad desde hacía ocho años, a raíz de su retorno de Europa, sólo se le vió aparecer en público como disertante una sola vez. Antigua enfermedad nerviosa habíahecho crisis en él con motivo de su reclusión por la Alemania hitlerista durante la última guerra, mientras desempeñaba la plenipotencia del Perú en Francia. Casi desconocido por los jóvenes que rinden tributo a las corrientes literarias más inmediatas, lejana su brillante actuación diplomática, desconectado de la evolucionada sociedad de hoy, este gran señor del pensamiento, de la vida pública y de la aristocracia limeña, tuvo simples exequias, en las que la única nota degrandeza fueron unas hondas y bruñidas palabras de Víctor Andrés Belaúnde en nombre de la Academia Peruana de la Lengua.
Lingüística del Norte Andino
Authors: Mejía Xesspe M. Toribio
Published: September 2021

La región andina constituye un campo favorable para los estudios lingüísticos y folklóricos del Perú, porque en ella existen los rezagos de idiomas, costumbres y creencias populares de los aborígenes. En muchos pueblos de la sierra, el lenguaje común y familiar es el nativo, llámese Runa Simi, Nuna Shimi, Quichua o Keshwa, Chinchay Suyo, Wanka, Akaro o Kauki, Aymara o Lupaka. Asimismo, las costumbres tradicionales de la vida social, agrícola, ganadera, industrialy religiosa de las indios, giran alrededor de la herencia cultural pre-hispánica. Aún en los pueblos de la costa y de la sierra, donde la transculturación posicolombina ha sido más efectiva, quedan latentes muchos aspectos de la cultura material y espiritual de los antiguos peruanos.
Sobre historia lingüística
Authors: Cisneros Luis Jaime
Published: September 2021

Lengua varonil, difícil y áspera de pronunciar a los forasteros, llama Covarrubias a nuestra lengua española, cuando quiere analizar qual aya sido la propia que hablaron antiguamente". No importa que muchos contemporáneos de Covarrubias pensaran, como otros hoy, que esa antigüedad le correspondía al vascuence.
Dogmas, mitos y postulados en la reforma universitaria
Authors: Salazar Bondy Augusto
Published: September 2021

La crisis universitaria, esa situación de inestabilidad de los organismos y las formas de acción que deriva de la vacilación de los fundamentos en los que se asientan las instituciones universitarias; y el proceso de la Reforma, como desenvolvimiento en el tiempo de los esfuerzos encaminados a renovar la vida académica, han visto surgir y actuar tres formas principales de conciencia humana, la dogmática, la mítica y la racional.
Clemente Althaus y las letras de Italia
Authors: Núñez Estuardo
Published: September 2021

En el recuento del proceso del romanticismo literario del Perú, está por hacerse la revisión crítica integral de sus más preclaros representativos. Entre ellos fué conspicuo poeta y dramaturgo Clemente Althaus (1835-1881). Para el estudio monográfico de su obra adelantamos estas notas acerca de su formación cultural, que nos revelan su honda afinidad con la cultura de Italia y las letras clásicas latinas.
Sonetos de petrarca
Authors: Garcés Henrique
Published: September 2021

Texto original en italiano.
Lo estético heterónomo
Authors: Festini Illich Nelly
Published: September 2021

La investigación filosófica sobre Estética en la época contemporánea, dedica preferente atención al análisis teórico de lo estético autónomo, procurando ubicarlo dentro de la experiencia humana para fijar su esencia y significado. Considera además, que la desorientación en esta materia se debe a las múltiples perspectivas heterónomas adoptadas, las que no sólo han originado el falseamiento del fenómeno estético, sino el uso de metodologías inconvenientes y el estudio excesivo de problemas secundarios como si fueran fundamentales.
Baudelaire, poeta ejemplar
Authors: Coyné André
Published: September 2021

Resulta siempre algo paradójico celebrar fechas recordatorias de aquellos grandes "centinelas" de humanidad que en vida no encontraron más que desdén, crueldad, o en el mejor de los casos, la curiosidad compasiva, medio burlona de sus contemporáneos, salvo escasas excepciones.
On the Issue of Determining Relative Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue Damageability
Authors: Kossov V. S. , Savin A. V. , Krasnov O. G.
Published: September 2021

Adoption of heavy haul traffic on many railroads, comprising Russian railways, has highlighted the relevance of assessing the effect of increased axial loads on the contact fatigue life of rails.

The article describes a set of theoretical studies carried out to create a scientifically substantiated method for predicting the contact fatigue life of rails depending on the values of axial loads. The stress-strain state of the contact area has been determined using the finite element model of wheel rolling on a rail. It has been found that the wheel-rail rolling contact area undergoes complex multiaxial loading with the simultaneous action of normal and shear strains. Based on the analysis of models describing multiaxial fatigue damage, the Brown–Miller model was chosen, which considers the simultaneous action of normal strains at the contact area and of maximum shear strains, which most fully describes the stress-strain state of the wheel-rail rolling contact area. To apply the Brown–Miller model, fatigue stress-strain curves for rail steel have been identified. Based on the analysis of methods for determining the parameters of stress-strain curves carried out by V. A. Troschenko, a modified Roessle– Fatemi hardness method has been applied. Based on the experimentally determined values of hardness on the rolling surface, the parameters of the curves of elastic and plastic fatigue have been revealed by calculation and experiment. To establish the damaging effect of the load from wheel rolling on a rail, the concept of relative damage per rolling cycle had been assumed which is the value inverse to the number of cycles preceding formation of a contact-fatigue crack at a given value of the axial load.

Calculations of the relative damage rate of the rolling surface of rails caused by contact fatigue defects were carried out with the Fatigue software package considering mean values of the indicators of the degree of fatigue strength and plasticity of rail steel and the calculated stresses in the wheel-rail contact area, as well as the plasticity correction using Neuber method. The polynomial dependence of relative damageability of the rolling surface of rails is obtained. The established functional dependence of relative damageability of the rolling surface of rails on the values of vertical forces can be used as the basis for the developed methodology for predicting the contact fatigue life of rails.
High-Speed Passenger Railway Transportation: Priority for Long-Term Developmen
Authors: Zheleznov M. M. , Karasev O. I. , Trostyansky S. S. , Smirnov R. G.
Published: September 2021

High-speed passenger railway transportation is one of the priorities of scientific and technological development for most of the leading world railway companies that have global plans for construction of new high-speed rail lines (HSR).

General review refers to plans of selected countries regarding construction of high-speed railways and the priority technologies/solutions required for the efficient provision of high-speed passenger services, as well as to costs and advantages associated with HSR construction. Besides, comparison of promising technology and adopted technical solutions is followed by assessment of their readiness level, and by features of HS trains operated by leading companies. Most important technologies comprise intelligent systems of autonomous train operation, remote traffic control, digital simulation of interaction of rolling stock and infrastructure, automated decision support systems, geospatial infrastructure monitoring, and real-time remote condition monitoring of rolling stock and infrastructure.

Conclusions drawn argue in favour of promising character of research in the field of breakthrough technology conducted by railways, possibilities for Russia to join the countries with most advanced high-speed rail passenger transportation.
Gold Buckle of the Steel Belt of Russia. To the 120th Anniversary of the Circum- Baikal Railway
Authors: Levin D. Yu.
Published: September 2021

120 years ago, on June 22 (June 9 old style), 1901 the Committee on construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway approved final decision on the location of the route of Circum-Baikal Railway (CBR).

This railway is a monument to the heroic construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. At the beginning of 20th century, the whole world followed its construction: someone with a shudder, someone with curiosity. The main goal was defined by the urgent need to connect the Central part of Russia and the Far East. Hence, there was an insurmountable natural obstacle on the way: the largest lake in the world. Today the CBR is an architectural reserve, englobing a huge number of engineering structures. Many of them are still unique. Prospecting work on Lake Baikal lasted for 13 years. The lake is surrounded by mountains, 300 tributaries from different rivers flow into it. So laying a railway track was an extremely difficult task, Russian engineers have brilliantly coped with.
Savva I. Mamontov on the Railway Industry in Russia
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2021

The article reprinted from the Zheleznodorozhnoe delo (Rail Business) journal published 110 years ago reviews in detail the content of the brochure «On Railway Industry in Russia» edited by Savva Mamontov, one of the richest, well-known businessmen and benefactors of his time, who had got direct experience of managing construction and operation of railways. The brochure exposed the opinion of Savva Mamontov regarding numerous advantages of private railway construction contracting and further operation based on, speaking modern language, private-public partnership. The described advantages comprised speed of construction, rational cost policy, etc. The reviewer while agreeing with S. Mamontov on some issues insisted on more profound study of possible changes in traditional model of private and public railways that existed in Russia.
GERMINABILITY OF VARIETIES OF BEAN (Phaseoulos Vulgaris L.) AND OKRA (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE STORAGE CONDITION
Authors: Ariyarathna Indira , Weerasena Sarath , Beneragama Chalinda K.
Published: September 2021

Bean and okra are common vegetables cultivated in the most regions of Sri Lanka.  The seeds of these crops are mainly stored in cold storage as bulk before releasing retail lots to sales outlets. Commercial growers and gardeners buy seeds in bulk or in packages at retail stores. Although certified seeds are frequently tested by the seed testing laboratories, they do not guarantee the maximum field emergence. Certified seed lots of two pole bean varieties, ‘Keppetipola Nil’ (KN) and ‘Bandarawela Green’ (BG) and two okra varities,’MI-5’ and ‘Haritha’ were stored in poly sack and polypropylene bags under controlled temperature (17±1 °C) and relative humidity (RH) (52-55%) over a two-year period. Bulk seeds of bean and okra varieties packed in polypropylene and poly sack bags depicted a high germination percentage throughout the storage period for two years. Seed quality parameters, seed germination, seed moisture, field emergence and vigour index significantly varied with the storage duration and declined in varieties. Significant differences in moisture, field emergence and vigour index were recognized as affected by the packing materials in all varieties except MI-5. Both Poly sack and polypropylene packing materials were found suitable to maintain viability at the minimum seed certification standards for two years of storage period. Poly sack was more appropriate than polypropylene to keep viability for more than 2 years of storage under low temperature and RH condition. These findings would help seed handlers including seed producers and seed sellers to store crop seeds between growing seasons in the tropical environment.
CHILDREN’S OPINION ON VEGETABLES CONSUMPTION: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON SCHOOL-AGERS IN CITY OF SEMARANG
Authors: Yulianti Natalia Ratna , Wahyuningrum Eka , Gayatina Andri Kenti , Erawati Meira
Published: September 2021

(1) Background: It Is recommended that children consume adequate amount of vegetables. However, the problem still remained in every single family and community. Many studies to find out its causes have been done. Unfortunately, most of them were conducted on parents only. Little is known from children’s own perspective. Children’s perspective is important to help adults in choosing vegetables for the children. Thus, this study aimed to explore children’s opinion on vegetables consumption.; (2) Methods: Qualitative design was employed. Samples were selected using purposive technique sampling. Nine participants aged 6-12 years were interviewed in a focus group discussion. Data were analysed using qualitative data analysis by Miles and Huberman.; (3) Results: The FGD indicates three themes: why kids dislike vegetables, sort of vegetables which kids love to consume, reasons why kids want to eat vegetables.; (4) Conclusions: Health education and involving children in their own food preparation is promising way to improve vegetables intake. Further research is to develop a new form of health education and a program in which children are involved to choose and prepare their own vegetables.
The INSTRUCTION OF SCIENCE IN RURAL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Hayu Wiworo Retnadi Rias , Permanasari Anna , Sumarna Omay , Hendayana Sumar
Published: September 2021

The teacher is an essential component of learning. Learning that is often focused by the government is learning in urban schools. Even though rural schools also have the same right to consider. Longer distances and access to schools that are more difficult to reach causes a lack of attention in rural areas schools. Learning in rural areas also requires attention to improve the quality of teaching. Knowing learning activities in rural schools is very important because it will understand what learning needs to be improved. The purpose of the research is to find out how teaching science in rural schools. This research uses mixed methods with the Taxonomy Development Model research design.  The phase of QUAL  is carried out to identify important variables. The development of a taxonomy or classification system, the development of theories that are not yet stable, and supporting it is a test in the phase of QUAN to obtain more thorough study results. The findings of this study illustrate that learning begins with answering questions, so students are enthusiastic. The next learning activity showing films about the reproduction of students was very excited about learning. The obstacle found in learning is the lack of preparation in the learning that is done so that time is wasted to condition the video playback.
An ACCULTURATION OF THE APPLICATION OF INHERITANCE LAW IN THE SUNDANESE INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY OF WIWITAN
Authors: Nuraidah Siti , Yumarni Ani , Nurwati
Published: September 2021

Indigenous peoples are legal subjects recognized for their traditional rights and other rights by the 1945 Constitution and other laws and regulations. Sunda Wiwitan is understood as the original Sundanese religion or early Sundanese which is the naming of the belief system used by people of Sundanese descent who still confirm the spiritual teachings of the Sundanese ancestors. Humans are legal subjects, bearers of rights and obligations from the moment of birth and end when humans die. From the event of a person's death, there are legal consequences, namely how to resolve the rights and obligations of the person's death which is regulated by inheritance law. This is an empirical juridical method or non-doctrinal study, looking at the validity of a statutory regulation and legal norm originating from religion, which lives and develops in a group of indigenous peoples. The purpose of this study was to determine and examine the acculturation of customary inheritance law and Islamic inheritance law in the Sunda Wiwitan community and to determine the form of application of Islamic inheritance law to the Sunda Wiwitan indigenous people in Kasepuhan Ciptagelar with Kampung Urug. The results show that the acculturation of the application of inheritance law to the Sunda Wiwitan community, Kasepuhan Ciptagelar and Kampung Urug regarding the application of Islamic inheritance law is that Islamic inheritance law is carried out by prioritizing deliberation and consensus in the family of the heirs of the Sunda Wiwitan Indigenous Peoples. followers of Islam. As for customary law, the Sunda Wiwitan people make it a norm and culture that is carried out in social life.