bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Development Mechanism of Avoiding Group Conflict and Symbiosis: A Study on Labor Disputes
Authors: Dong Jing , Shen Huizhang , Zhao Jidi
Published: November 2019

Group conflict is one of the main human conflicts in the history of human development and results in various forms such as competition, fight, riot, or war in extreme cases and compromise, negotiation, or cooperation in other cases. The inner essence of the group conflict is competitors vying for resource control. If the conflict ends up at a situation where one party overwhelms the other, it will actually bring destructive results to both sides. Is there a solution to avoid fierce conflicts and to achieve a win‐win situation? Is there a unified model by which different forms of conflicts can be interpreted and studied? The purpose of this paper was to address these problems and attempt to establish such a unified model and to use it to analyze the dynamic relationship between the employees and their employers in the viewpoint of group conflict and symbiosis. By changing coefficients of the unified model, the two sides, employers and employees, could be in different situations such as employer win, employee win, lose‐lose, and win‐win. Keeping other coefficients unchanged, we found and proved that there is a win‐win strategy space of the payoff rate. Two parties chose strategy within the space can achieve optimal status in long run.
Comparative Biotypic and Phylogenetic Profiles ofEscherichia coliIsolated from Resident Stool and Lagoon in Fresco (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Kouadio-Ngbesso Nadége , Atobla Koua , Attien Paul Yao , Kouame-Sina Mireille , Koffi René Ahua , Adingra Antoinette Ama , Dadié Adjehi
Published: November 2019

Anthropogenic activities could expose Fresco lagoon to microbial pollution. The objective of this study was to determine the level of pollution in Fresco lagoon related to fecal contaminations. Two hundred and seventy (270) samples including 216 water and 54 human stools samples from local residents were collected.Escherichia coliwas isolated and identified according to classical bacteriology procedure. Strains were characterized by biotyping on API 20E gallery and phylogenetic typing by PCR triplex of Clermont. A set of 392 strains ofE. coliwas distributed into 18 biotypic profiles. Five biotypes were common to water and human. Classification of all biotypes revealed close relationship between water and human strains because of their repartition in the same groups. Phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2, and D were identified in all strains. Strains belonging to phylogenetic group A were most frequent in water (69.82%) and human stool (44.44%) followed by group B1 in water (24%) and human stool (40.7%). Strains of group B2 were scarce in water (4.4%) and humans (7.41%). The diversity ofE. colibiotypes observed in this study revealed animal and human origins of contaminations. A close relationship was found between water and human strains, and the presence of commensal and extraintestinal pathogenicE. coliin all samples could represent a potential reservoir of extraintestinal infections for resident populations.
Breast Cancer Identification via Thermography Image Segmentation with a Gradient Vector Flow and a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Tello-Mijares Santiago , Woo Fomuy , Flores Francisco
Published: November 2019

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide with about half a million cases reported each year. Mammary thermography can offer early diagnosis at low cost if adequate thermographic images of the breasts are taken. The identification of breast cancer in an automated way can accelerate many tasks and applications of pathology. This can help complement diagnosis. The aim of this work is to develop a system that automatically captures thermographic images of breast and classifies them as normal and abnormal (without cancer and with cancer). This paper focuses on a segmentation method based on a combination of the curvature function k and the gradient vector flow, and for classification, we proposed a convolutional neural network (CNN) using the segmented breast. The aim of this paper is to compare CNN results with other classification techniques. Thus, every breast is characterized by its shape, colour, and texture, as well as left or right breast. These data were used for training as well as to compare the performance of CNN with three classification techniques: tree random forest (TRF), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and Bayes network (BN). CNN presents better results than TRF, MLP, and BN.
Simplified Data‐Driven Model for the Moment Curvature of T‐Shaped RC Shear Walls
Authors: Wang Bin , Cai Wenzhe , Shi Qingxuan
Published: November 2019

Sectional deformation quantities, such as curvature and ductility, are of prime significance in the displacement‐based seismic design and performance evaluation of structural members. However, few studies on the estimates of curvatures at different limit states have been performed on asymmetric flanged walls. In this paper, a parametric study was performed for a series of T‐shaped wall cross‐sections based on moment‐curvature analyses. By investigating the effects of the axial load ratio, reinforcement content, material properties, and geometric parameters on curvatures at the yield and ultimate limit state, we interpret the variation in curvature with different influencing factors in detail according to the changes of the neutral axis depth. Based on the regression analyses of the numerical results of 4941 T‐shaped cross‐sections, simple expressions to estimate the yield curvature and ultimate curvature for asymmetric flanged walls are developed, and simplified estimates of the ductility capacity including curvature ductility and displacement ductility are further deduced. By comparing with the experimental results, we verify the accuracy of the proposed formulas. Such simple expressions will be valuable for the determination of the displacement response of asymmetric flanged reinforced concrete walls.
Rangelia vitalii infection in a dog from São Paulo city, Brazil: case report
Authors: Silva Bruna Regina Figura da , Labruna Marcelo Bahia , Marcili Arlei , Santos Caio Rodrigues dos , Bastos Bárbara Buff Blumer , Bordin Jessica Tainá , Moraes-Filho Jonas
Published: November 2019

Canine rangeliosis is an extravascular hemolytic disease caused by the protozoan Rangelia vitalii, which is transmitted by ticks of the species Amblyomma aureolatum. Te most common clinical signs are apathy, hyperthermia and spontaneous bleeding. Anemia and thrombocytopenia are the most common hematological fndings. Tis work reports a clinical case of canine Rangeliosis treated at a private veterinary hospital, in São Paulo city in 2017. A dog was treated at a veterinary hospital in the north of São Paulo, with progressive weight loss, apathy and tail injury. Anemia and thrombocytopenia were observed on the hemogram. Rangelia vitalii DNA was detected in animal blood by real-time PCR (qPCR). In addition to the supportive treatment, doxycycline and subcutaneous imidocarb applications were used. Te sample collected afer treatment with the antibiotic continued to present protozoal DNA. Te disease should be considered as a diferential diagnosis and there is a great need for further studies about the therapy used.
Brazilian red pepper fruit essential oil (Schinus terebinthifolius) may replace monensin in high concentrate diets for feedlot lambs
Authors: Bertoloni Analisa Vasques , Polizel Daniel Montanher , Ferraz Junior Marcos Vinícius De Castro , Miszura Alexandre Arantes , Barroso José Paulo Roman , Martins André Storti , Sardinha Lairana Aline , Limede Arnaldo Cintra , Oliveira Gabriela Bagio , Ferreira Evandro Maia , Pires Alexandre Vaz
Published: November 2019

Essential oil (EO) from Brazilian red pepper fruit contains compounds with antimicrobial activity, and could be possible substitutes for the antibiotics commonly used in ruminant nutrition. Te objectives of the present study were to evaluate the efects of the Brazilian red pepper fruit EO (Schinus terebinthifolius) as a substitute for monensin on performance, carcass characteristics and meat of lambs fed high concentrate diets. Forty-eight lambs were used, 24 males (20 ½ Dorper × ½ Santa Inês and 4 Santa Inês) and 24 females (24 ½ Dorper × ½ Santa Inês), with 21.54 ± 0.88 kg of initial body weight (BW) and 78 ± 2.4 days of age, in a randomized complete block design. Te experiment lasted 56 days, divided into 2 periods of 28 days each. Te treatments were defned by the inclusion in diets of 8 ppm of monensin (MON), and the doses 0.14% (14EO), 0.28% (28EO) and 0.42% (42EO) of red pepper fruit EO. Te additives were included in a base diet with a 10:90 of forage to concentrate ratio. At the end of 56 days, 32 animals were slaughtered for the measurement of carcass parameters and meat composition. Tere was no interaction among treatments and periods for average daily gain (P = 0.08), DM intake (P = 0.36), feed efciency (P = 0.24) and oocyst of Eimeria ssp. in feces (P = 0.46). Te treatments did not afect (P > 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI) and feed efciency. Lambs fed diets containing monensin had less (P < 0.01) oocyst/g compared with the diet 14EO. Tere was no efect of diets on carcass characteristics. Te treatments with higher doses of the Brazilian red pepper fruit EO had reduced mineral content of meat compared to monensin. Te red pepper fruit EO demonstrated the potential to replace monensin in feedlot lambs fed high concentrate diets, maintaining performance and carcass characteristics. However, the monensin has greater capacity to control coccidiosis in feedlot lambs.
Predatory viability of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans on the infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep following storage and refrigeration
Authors: Vilela Vinícius Longo Ribeiro , Costa Paulo Wbiratan Loes da , Silva Francisca Flávia da , Bezerra Hermano Manoel Francisco Figueiredo , Oliveira Leonardo Vinicius Silva de , Dantas Maysa De Oliveira , Feitosa Thais Ferreira , Araújo Jackson Victor de , Braga Fabio Ribeiro
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo predatory viability of the nematophagous fungus, Duddingtonia flagrans, after storage (36 months) and refrigeration (2-8 °C). This viability was evaluated using the infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in the Northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil. Sixteen Santa Inês sheep with negative counting of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were divided into four experimental groups, each group comprised of four animals. The pellets were administered at the dose of 3 g/10 kg of live weight (20% fungal micelyum), and a single administration was performed for each animal. Group I was administered pellets that had been stored for 36 months; Group II, freshly produced pellets; Group III, freshly produced pellets that did not contain fungi; and Group IV, pellets were not administered, and this was the control group. Feces were collected for 5 days, every 24 h for analysis. There was a significant decrease in the number of infective larvae of sheep nematodes that received D. flagrans pellets in a sodium alginate matrix, 82% was observed for Group I and 71% for Group II, compared to the control group. It is therefore concluded that the fungus, D. flagrans, pelleted in sodium alginate matrix after 36 months of storage at 2-8 °C, showed efficacy in reducing the number of infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep.
Frequency of dog erythrocyte antigen 1 blood group and risk of incompatible transfusion in dogs of different breeds and mongrels from the city of Salvador - BA, Brazil
Authors: Santos Suzana Cláudia Spínola dos , Santos Mariane Melo dos , Rodrigues Wellington Francisco , Meyer Roberto , Costa Maria de Fátima Dias
Published: November 2019

The dog erythrocyte antigen 1 (DEA 1) is the most immunogenic blood group in dogs, and blood transfusions may trigger some undesirable effects in veterinary patients, which are directly associated with incompatible transfusions. The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of positive DEA 1 blood group in blood donor dogs from a blood bank in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, and also to calculate the risk of managing incompatible blood in both first and second transfusion. A number of 203 dogs of different breeds, aged between 1 and 8 years, weighing 28 kg, with no degree of kinship and of both sexes in Salvador - BA, Brazil were evaluated to investigate the blood type DEA 1 frequency, by means of chromatography and flow cytometry tests for blood typing. The risk of incompatible blood transfusion in either a first or a second transfusion was also calculated. The frequency of the DEA 1 group ranged from 0% to 100% in various breeds, but with a mean positivity of 62.07% (126/203). And the lowest risk of an DEA 1 negative animal receiving DEA 1 positive blood within the group of animals evaluated was 0.92% at a first transfusion; and the risk of the same animal receiving incompatible blood for the DEA group 1 in the second transfusion was 0.008%. The highest risk of an DEA 1 negative animal receiving DEA 1 positive blood from these animals was 69.12%; and the risk of receiving incompatible blood for DEA 1 was 47.77%. In conclusion, the frequency of the DEA 1 group varied between the studied breeds and the risk of incompatible blood transfusions varies according to donor and recipiente breeds, but this can be overridden if blood typing tests are performed along with the cross-reaction test for compatibility.
Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs in the municipality of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Melo Andréia Lima Tomé , Grangeiro Juliana Maria Vasconcelos , Aguiar Daniel Moura de
Published: November 2019

Tis study evaluated the presence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in 320 domestic dogs living in urban and rural areas of the municipality of Poconé, located in the Pantanal wetlands of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Anti-N. caninum (cut-of point 50) and anti-T. gondii (cut-of point 16) antibodies were detected by means of immunofuorescence assays (IFA), using NC-Bahia and RH strains as antigens, respectively. Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected in 69 (21.56%; 95% CI: 17.27%-26.56%) dogs, 31 (44.93%) of which lived in urban areas and 38 (55.07%) in rural areas, and endpoint titers ranged from 50 to 3200. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were found in 132 (41.25%; 95% CI: 35.84%-46.87%) dogs, 58 (43.94%) from urban areas and 74 (56.06%) from rural areas, and endpoint titers ranged from 16 to 8192. A total of 33 dogs (10.3%) (12 urban and 21 rural animals) reacted to both agents (P <0.05). Tis study showed a higher prevalence of anti-T. gondii compared to anti-N. caninum antibodies in the dogs living in the Pantanal region, suggesting that both protozoans circulate in the studied region. Tis information is relevant, in view of its implications for animal and public health.
Historia, narratividad y progreso en la Vida de Jesús de Ernest Renan
Authors: Ledesma Alonso Ricardo
Published: November 2019

Como resultado de su particular estructura narrativa, la crítica ha comprendido a la Vida de Jesús (1863) de Ernest Renan como una biografía o una novela. Como tesis principal, este artículo propone que la Vida de Jesús debe ser entendida como un libro de historia que, no obstante su temática biográfica, encarna una filosofía de la historia. En primer lugar, a partir del análisis de las diversas interpretaciones que se han hecho de la obra de Renan, sostengo que lo que más destaca de ella es su estructura narrativa. Enseguida, afirmo que esa estructura asume la forma de un romance. Al final, defiendo que si bien esta particular estructura de trama refiere explícitamente la vida y muerte del Jesús histórico, narra simbólicamente la historia progresiva de la humanidad hacia la libertad individual. Este trabajo pretende contribuir a la historia de las ideas históricas en la Europa del siglo XIX.
Medicina Oriental
Authors: Bracht Fabiano
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é, através da análise da obra Medicina oriental, do médico goês Luís Caetano de Meneses, contribuir para uma melhor compreensão a respeito da produção de conhecimentos médicos/farmacêuticos na Índia Portuguesa durante o século XVIII. As questões fundamentais deste artigo estão relacionadas à construção do conhecimento nos espaços coloniais e à relevância dos contextos locais para o processo de produção de conhecimento.
Moda e História no Brasil
Authors: Gorberg Marissa
Published: November 2019

Resenha crítica do livro "A história na moda, a moda na história" organizado por Camila Borges, Joana Monteleone e Paulo Debom, lançado em 2019 pela Alameda Editorial.
Sectarian Games: Sovereign Power, War Machines and Regional Order in the Middle East
Authors: Mabon Simon
Published: November 2019

Amidst violent contestation across the Middle East leaving regimes facing – or fearing – popular protests, the regulation of political life became increasingly important. Across the past century, the development of political projects has been driven by regime efforts to maintain power, constructing regime-society relations in such a way to ensure their survival. As a consequence, security is not given; rather, it reflects the concerns of elites and embeds their concerns within society, using a range of domestic, regional and geopolitical strategies to meet their needs. These strategies play on a range of different fears and currents to locate regime interests within broader concerns. A key part of such efforts involves the cultivation and suppression of particular identities, often resulting in contestation and uncertainty within and between states. Drawing on the ideas of Giorgio Agamben, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, the article argues that the regulation of sect-based identities – and difference – has been a key part of governance strategies in divided societies across the Middle East, albeit varying across time and space.
Recommended motor assessments based on psychometric properties in individuals with dementia: a systematic review
Authors: Trautwein Sandra , Maurus Philipp , Barisch-Fritz Bettina , Hadzic Anela , Woll Alexander
Published: November 2019

Background

Motor assessments are important to determine effectiveness of physical activity in individuals with dementia (IWD). However, inappropriate and non-standardised assessments without sound psychometric properties have been used. This systematic review aims to examine psychometric properties of motor assessments in IWD combined with frequency of use and effect sizes and to provide recommendations based on observed findings.

We performed a two-stage systematic literature search using Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ALOIS, and Scopus (inception - July/September 2018, English and German). The first search purposed to identify motor assessments used in randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of physical activity in IWD and to display their frequency of use and effect sizes. The second search focused on psychometric properties considering influence of severity and aetiology of dementia and cueing on test-retest reliability. Two reviewers independently extracted and analysed findings of eligible studies in a narrative synthesis.

Results

Literature searches identified 46 randomised controlled trials and 21 psychometric property studies. While insufficient information was available for validity, we observed sufficient inter-rater and relative test-retest reliability but unacceptable absolute test-retest reliability for most assessments. Combining these findings with frequency of use and effect sizes, we recommend Functional Reach Test, Groningen Meander Walking Test (time), Berg Balance Scale, Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment, Timed Up & Go Test, instrumented gait analysis (spatiotemporal parameters), Sit-to-Stand assessments (repetitions> 1), and 6-min walk test. It is important to consider that severity and aetiology of dementia and cueing influenced test-retest reliability of some assessments.

Conclusion

This review establishes an important foundation for future investigations. Sufficient relative reliability supports the conclusiveness of recommended assessments at group level, while unacceptable absolute reliability advices caution in assessing intra-individual changes. Moreover, influences on test-retest reliability suggest tailoring assessments and instructions to IWD and applying cueing only where it is inevitable. Considering heterogeneity of included studies and insufficient examination in various areas, these recommendations are not comprehensive. Further research, especially on validity and influences on test-retest reliability, as well as standardisation and development of tailored assessments for IWD is crucial.

This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018105399).
Variable versus fixed-rate infusion of phenylephrine during cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hasanin Ahmed , Habib Sara , Abdelwahab Yaser , Elsayad Mohamed , Mostafa Maha , Zayed Marwa , Kamel Mohamed Maher , Hussein Kareem , Refaat Sherin , Fouda Ahmed Y. , Wali Ahmed A. , Elshafaei Khaled A. , Mahmoud Doaa , Amin Sarah
Published: November 2019

Background

Phenylephrine is the most commonly used vasopressor for prophylaxis against maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery; however, the best regimen for its administration is not well established. Although variable infusion protocols had been suggested for phenylephrine infusion, evidence-based evaluation of variable infusion regimens are lacking. The aim of this work is to compare variable infusion, fixed on-and-off infusion, and intermittent boluses of phenylephrine for prophylaxis against maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery.

Methods

A randomized controlled study was conducted, including full-term pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean delivery. Participants were divided into three groups which received phenylephrine by either intermittent boluses (1.5 mcg/Kg phenylephrine), fixed on-and-off infusion (with a dose of 0.75 mcg/Kg/min), or variable infusion (with a starting dose of 0.75 mcg/Kg/min). The three groups were compared with regard to frequency of: maternal hypotension (primary outcome), second episode hypotension, reactive hypertension, and bradycardia. Other outcomes included heart rate, systolic blood pressure, physician interventions, and neonatal outcomes.

Results

Two-hundred and seventeen mothers were available for final analysis. The 2 infusion groups showed less incidence of maternal hypotension {26/70 (37%), 22/71 (31%), and (51/76 (67%)} and higher incidence of reactive hypertension compared to the intermittent boluses group without significant differences between the two former groups. The number of physician interventions was highest in the variable infusion group compared to the other two groups. The intermittent boluses group showed lower systolic blood pressure and higher heart rate compared to the two infusion groups; whilst the two later groups were comparable.

Conclusion

Both phenylephrine infusion regimens equally prevented maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery compared to intermittent boluses regimen. Due to higher number of physician interventions in the variable infusion regimen, the current recommendations which favor this regimen over fixed infusion regimen might need re-evaluation.
Pain neuroscience education and physical exercise for patients with chronic spinal pain in primary healthcare: a randomised trial protocol
Authors: Galán-Martín Miguel A. , Montero-Cuadrado Federico , Lluch-Girbes Enrique , Coca-López M. Carmen , Mayo-Iscar Agustín , Cuesta-Vargas Antonio
Published: November 2019

Background

Chronic musculoskeletal pain affects more than 20% of the population, and the prevalence is increasing, causing suffering, loss of quality of life, disability, and an enormous expenditure on healthcare resources. The most common location for chronic pain is the spine. Many of the treatments used are mainly passive (pharmacological and invasive) and poor outcomes. The treatments currently applied in the public health system do not comply with the recommendations of the main clinical practice guidelines, which suggest the use of educational measures and physical exercise as the first-line treatment. A protocol based on active coping strategies is described, which will be evaluated through a clinical trial and which could facilitate the transfer of the recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines to a primary care setting.

Methods

Randomised and multicentre clinical trials, which will be carried out in 10 Primary Care centres. The trial will compare the effect of a Pain Neuroscience Education program (six sessions, 10 h) and group physical exercise (18 sessions program carried out in six weeks, 18 h), with usual care physiotherapy treatment. Group physical exercise incorporates dual tasks, gaming, and reinforcement of contents of the educational program. The aim is to assess the effect of the intervention on quality of life, as well as on pain, disability, catastrophism, kinesiophobia, central sensitisation, and drug use. The outcome variables will be measured at the beginning of the intervention, after the intervention (week 11), at six months, and a year.

Discussion

Therapeutic interventions based on active coping strategies are essential for the treatment of chronic pain and the sustainability of the Public Health System. Demonstrating whether group interventions have an effect size is essential for optimising resources in such a prevalent problem.

Trial registration

NCT03654235“Retrospectively registered” 31 August 2018.
Sex and the TEs: transposable elements in sexual development and function in animals
Authors: Dechaud Corentin , Volff Jean-Nicolas , Schartl Manfred , Naville Magali
Published: November 2019

Transposable elements are endogenous DNA sequences able to integrate into and multiply within genomes. They constitute a major source of genetic innovations, as they can not only rearrange genomes but also spread ready-to-use regulatory sequences able to modify host gene expression, and even can give birth to new host genes. As their evolutionary success depends on their vertical transmission, transposable elements are intrinsically linked to reproduction. In organisms with sexual reproduction, this implies that transposable elements have to manifest their transpositional activity in germ cells or their progenitors. The control of sexual development and function can be very versatile, and several studies have demonstrated the implication of transposable elements in the evolution of sex. In this review, we report the functional and evolutionary relationships between transposable elements and sexual reproduction in animals. In particular, we highlight how transposable elements can influence expression of sexual development genes, and how, reciprocally, they are tightly controlled in gonads. We also review how transposable elements contribute to the organization, expression and evolution of sexual development genes and sex chromosomes. This underscores the intricate co-evolution between host functions and transposable elements, which regularly shift from a parasitic to a domesticated status useful to the host.
How much can societal turning points affect forecasts’ accuracy in Europe? Case of post-communistic transformation in Slovakia and the Czech Republic
Authors: Bleha Branislav
Published: November 2019

It seems that the least accurate (population) forecasts are those published in the period of great historical turning points both economic and political. Several studies analysed the forecasts’ accuracy in Western countries, but the post-1990 development in the post-communistic countries has not been analysed in this respect. The general goal of the study is to show how hardly predictable and poorly predicted the demographical processes have appeared to be during the major societal and economic turning points after the post-communistic transformation started. To do this, the study first provides an exact measurement of the forecasts’ accuracy in transitioning Slovakia and Czechia. The key finding is that the forecasters either did not recognise the beginning of somewhat completely “new” or underestimated the dimensions of the turning points and turns in the recent trends. Thus, the assumption “drag” shows up much more frequently than some kind of over-reaction. Implicitly, the research re-opens a perpetual question whether methodological–mathematical improvements are more (or less) important than the deep insight into the forecasted processes. Secondly, the study demonstrates the range and dimension of changes that impact the demographic present and future. Here, the alternative future is built and simulated in terms of what the populations would have looked like if the socialist system had not collapsed. It is a quite simple but very smart way how to demonstrate the range of turnover since 1989.
Identification and characterization of salt-tolerance relative miRNAs in Procambarus clarkii by high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Jin Fangfang , Sun Yuling
Published: November 2019

Procambarus clarkii is one of the important economic species in China and has been served as tasty food in recent years after being introduced to Nanjing. Significant problems of environment factors, such as salinity, pH and temperature, especially salinity, has the potential to result in significant economic losses in many crayfish-producing farms in China. miRNAs are a kind of ~ 22 nucleotide small non coding RNAs which were encoded by plants, animals and some viruses with functions in RNA silencing or post-transcription regulation. We constructed four sRNA library of P. clarkia from different tissues and treatments by using high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 101 conserved miRNAs and two novel pre-miRNAs were identified and RT-qPCR were further performed to confirm existence of part of identified miRNAs. A genome wide expression profile of salt-tolerance miRNAs was proved and three miRNAs were further validated by RT-qPCR with dynamic response to different salinity stages. The study of miRNAs in P. clarkia can help us better understanding the role of miRNAs in salt-tolerance in P. clarkia.
СИСТЕМА ВНУТРЕННЕГО КОНТРОЛЯ И АУДИТА В СТРАХОВЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Nikithenko Julia Andreevna , Vasyukova Lyudmila Konstantinovna
Published: November 2019

В статье исследуются вопросы организации систем внутреннего контроля как формы реализации рисковой функции страхования. Анализируются статистические данные по рынку страховых услуг и обосновываются направления развития системы внутреннего контроля и аудита страховых организаций, её взаимосвязь c государственным финансовым контролем финансовой устойчивости субъектов страхового дела. Рассматривается автоматизированная система внутреннего финансового контроля и аудита, построенная на принципах риск-ориентированного подхода в соответствии со стандартами Solvency II, как механизм, способствующий достижению локального компромисса в отношениях участников страховых экономических отношений. В ходе проведения исследования был сделан вывод о том, что страховым организациям необходимо внедрение эффективной системы внутреннего контроля, которая позволяла бы органам страхового надзора осуществлять превентивное выявление рисков потери финансовой устойчивости и платежеспособности субъектов страхового надзора.Цель – разработка модели системы внутреннего контроля и аудита страховых организаций в системе государственного страхового надзора в соответствии с риск-ориентированным подходом.Метод или методология проведения работы: статья подготовлена на основе проведения кабинетных исследований, информация собрана посредством качественных методов сбора данных, а именно сравнительного анализа, факторного анализа, формализованного контент-анализа.Результаты: разработана модель системы внутреннего контроля и аудита, основанная на принципах риск-ориентированного надзора в целях ранней диагностики рисков страховых организаций.Научная новизна исследования – разработка рекомендаций по совершенствованию принципов и методов внутреннего контроля и аудита страховой организации в системе государственного страхового надзора, построенной на принципах риск-ориентированного в целях превентивной диагностики рисков страховщика.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять субъектами страхового надзора, в частности страховыми организациями и органами страхового надзора.
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ РИСКАМИ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ РАЗВИТИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ В РОССИИ
Authors: Bychkova Anna Andreevna , Nikulina Natalia Leonidovna
Published: November 2019

В статье представлены теоретические аспекты управления рисками. Отражены результаты деятельности железнодорожного транспорта за 2015–2017 гг. по направлениям перевозки пассажиров и грузов в России. Проанализирована степень разработанности методов и механизмов управления рисками в отечественных и зарубежных источниках.Цель исследования: развитие теоретических положений, разработка рекомендаций для улучшения методов и механизмов риск-менеджмента транспортной отрасли.Методы и методология: методы эмпирического, теоретического исследования, экономического и сравнительного анализа, данные статистики, анализ научных исследований, группировка.Результатом анализа стала разработка ряда рекомендаций и мероприятий по снижению, предотвращению рисков предприятий транспортной отрасли.Область применения результатов. Результаты анализа могут быть использованы для формирования Стратегии пространственного развития железнодорожного транспорта Российской Федерации на период до 2025 года.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ФИНАНСОВОГО МОНИТОРИНГА В РОССИИ
Authors: Sapozhnikova Svetlana Mikhailovna , Reichert Natalya Vladimirovna
Published: November 2019

Статья посвящена актуальному вопросу – организации и осуществлению финансового мониторинга в России. В рамках борьбы государства по пресечению деятельности, связанной с отмыванием доходов, полученных преступным путем и финансирования терроризма в России создана трехуровневая система финансового мониторинга.Цель работы. Рассмотреть систему осуществление финансового мониторинга в России и сформулировать предложения по улучшению ее деятельности.Материалы и методы исследования. Эмпирическую базу исследования составили данные сайта Федеральной службы по финансовому мониторингу, актуальное законодательство в сфере финансового мониторинга, научные статьи. Методы исследования: аналитический, графический, статистический.Авторами статьи даны конкретные предложения по улучшению организации финансового контроля в России.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ВЫСШЕМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ
Authors: Belchenko Marina Arnoldovna , Loginova Natalya Anatolevna , Medvedeva Marina Vadimovna , Medvedenko Oksana Vladislavovna , Tolstikhina Tatyana Borisovna , Orlova Tamara Mikhailovna , Shusharo Valeria Gennadievna
Published: November 2019

Состояние вопроса: в статье представлены результаты исследования образовательного процесса в современном высшем образовании, что обусловлено проблемами повышения качества и результативности российского образования, которые последние два десятилетия обсуждают на всех уровнях: от кабинета министров до обывателей. Однако конкретных решений до сих пор не выработано, что свидетельствует не столько о неразрешимости этих проблем, сколько об отсутствии единой методологической платформы, которая бы выступила базисом на всех уровнях российского высшего образования.Методы исследования: в процессе исследования была применена эвристическая технология «Катер», которая подразумевает постановку открытого вопроса «С какими проблемами Вы чаще всего сталкиваетесь в процессе обучения?»Результаты исследования: в результате исследования выделены и исследованы проблемы, которые условно разделены на группы: организационные, технические, процесс обучения, личность обучающегося, личность преподавателя.Обсуждение: анализ и группировка проблем позволила выделить особенности образовательного процесса в современном высшем образовании.Заключение: проведенный локальный анализ особенностей образовательного процесса позволяет заключить о необходимости исследования турбулентности информационной среды и уточнения особенностей ее влияния на результативность обучения студентов, а также проведения целеполагания образовательной деятельности в тесной взаимосвязи с выявленными проблемами.
Pre-Service Primary School and Pre-School Teachers’ Perception of Individual Entrepreneurship and Opinions about Their Creative Thinking Tendency
Authors: Tican Canses
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the current study is to determine pre-service teachers’ perception of individual entrepreneurship and opinions about their critical thinking tendency. As the data collection tools, the Individual Entrepreneurship Perception Scale and the Marmara Creative Thinking Tendencies Scale were used in the current study. The participants of the study are 469 freshman, sophomore, junior and senior students attending the Departments of Pre-school Teacher Education and Primary School Teacher Education. In the analysis of the collected data, frequencies, percentages, independent samples t-test, Mann Whitney U test and correlation analysis were employed. The findings obtained from the analyses have revealed that the pre-service teachers’ individual entrepreneurship perceptions and creative thinking tendencies vary significantly depending on the variables of gender and whether they took a course/seminar on entrepreneurship. The pre-service teachers’ individual entrepreneurship perceptions and creative thinking tendencies were found to be not varying significantly depending on the department attended. The pre-service teachers’ personal entrepreneurship perceptions and creative thinking tendencies were found to be above medium. A highly positive and significant correlation was found between the pre-service teachers’ individual entrepreneurship perception and creative thinking tendency total scores. The pre-service teachers can be encouraged to take the course “Economics and Entrepreneurship” and to participate in certificate programs on entrepreneurship.
A Phenomenological Investigation with Prospective Teachers of Special Education: If It Was Me!
Authors: Bolat Yavuz
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of this research was to reveal the opinions of prospective teachers of special education teacher education program about special education schools and the special education field. This study was used the phenomenological designed. It involved 14 special education teachers of Harbiye Selman Nasir Eskicak Secondary School. The collected data were subjected to data mining by content analysis. Some results had been obtained regarding the dreams and problems and solutions proposed by prospective teachers in a special education institution and special education. It had been found out that prospective teachers design student-centered and differentiate the disability differences among individuals-oriented design when designing special education schools. In addition, they pointed out that there were some problems related to teachers, teaching environment, curriculum, legislation and parents in the field of special education. It had been seen that prospective teachers who produce solutions to these problems have awareness about the field. With the help of the results obtained from the study, suggestions about the special education field were developed.
Gynandromorphs in Chrysotus spectabilis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and considerations for sclerite homology for the Diptera terminalia

Authors: CAPELLARI RENATO S.
Published: November 2019

Field-collected gynandromorph specimens of Chrysotus spectabilis (Loew) (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Brazilian State of Paraná are described and illustrated, with special reference to their terminalia morphology and intersexual homology between sclerites. Based both on the position of the male clasping structures in the female gynander (arising dorsally from the acanthophorites) and the acanthophorites in the male gynander (arising from the genital capsule), it is argued that the “revised epandrial hypothesis” offers a more robust explanation for the male terminalia homology in Diptera than alternative hypotheses (namely, periandrial and hinge hypotheses). Additionally, the segmental origin of female acanthophorites is re-evaluated and assumed to be a product of fusion between tergites 9 and 10, rather than the tergite 10 only.
An Introduction to the Bahá’í Religiolect
Authors: Masumian Adib
Published: November 2019

Religious dialects like Judeo-Arabic and Christianese have become popular topics of study in recent years. First proposed in the world of academia, the mass media – including public radio stations like PRI (Public Radio International) – have now begun to cover these ‘religiolects’ in their programmes. The purpose of this paper is to offer an introductory look at the religiolect of the Bahá’í Faith, a relatively recent religion founded in 19th century Persia (present-day Iran). To that end, we will explore the origins of the Bahá’í religiolect; examine the most essential loanwords of the religiolect; discuss some of the phraseology, both contemporary and historical, which composes the religiolect; and review especially extensive efforts to codify the religiolect. In striving to achieve the aforementioned goals, it is hoped that this paper will serve as a stepping-stone that others may use in their endeavours to further a greater understanding of the Bahá’í religiolect.
The Conceptual in Human Nature: Learning to Perceive the World
Authors: Filson Gerald
Published: November 2019

Human beings are conceptual in ways unique to our species, different in kind from animal rationality. Our conceptual capacity goes beyond the cognitive and shapes our emotions, our moral and spiritual capabilities and our perception of the world. That conceptual capacity is formed by culture and language where language plays a central role in how we experience the world. The role of language, especially spiritual or religious language, can inform our perception of the world in ways that represent genuine ‘spiritual perception’ of the material, social and spiritual dimensions of reality. Human beings’ conceptual capabilities are fallible, even in how we use perception as a capacity for knowing the world. Conditions in modernity have increased our vulnerability to fallibility. Consequently, collective exercise of our conceptual capacities in deliberation and coordinated assessments of reality are more necessary than ever. Science and religion are influential models of how collective deliberation, or consultation, enhances our conceptual capabilities and the ways in which perception takes in a world that is both material and spiritual.
The Articulation of the Equality and Rights of Women in Bahá’í Discourse and Implementation
Authors: Momen Wendi
Published: November 2019

The origins of the Bahá’í concept of the equality of women and men lie in the writings of Bahá’u’lláh. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá developed it further, first in his correspondence with western Bahá’ís and later during his travels in Europe and North America as he spoke to audiences about the social teachings of the Bahá’í Faith. While he was in London in September 1911, he met with suffragettes, among others. On one occasion he asked one visitor why she thought women should have the vote. Her response included a metaphor of humanity being a bird with two wings, male and female, both of which are required if the bird is to fly. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá incorporated this metaphor into his talks in the West and eventually into his writings and it has become an enduring description of gender equality found in many documents.

This essay explores how the concepts of the equality of women and men, the rights of women and the advancement of women have been articulated over time in the talks and writings of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, the works of Shoghi Effendi, the writings of the Universal House of Justice and the statements of the Bahá’í International Community. It also considers how these concepts have been applied and developed by individual Bahá’ís and their families, within the Bahá’í community and in its institutions, and how this experience is being shared in public discourse.
Shoghi Effendi and the Early Development of Bahá’í Administration in North America, 1922–1927
Authors: Smith Peter
Published: November 2019

One of the major innovations of Shoghi Effendi’s Guardianship was the development of a worldwide Bahá’í administrative system based on locally and nationally elected spiritual assemblies. This paper identifies the key elements of this system as laid out by Shoghi Effendi in 1922–23 (almost immediately after his accession as Guardian), and elaborated in some details over the next few years in letters he wrote to the American and Canadian Bahá’ís.
The Awakening of Spirit: Artistic and Thematic Influences on the Evolution of Mark Tobey’s ‘White Writing’
Authors: Weinberg Robert
Published: November 2019

This paper is a distillation of the author’s dissertation submitted for the Degree of Master of Arts by Research in History of Art: Renaissance to Modernism to the School of Humanities at the University of Buckingham in September 2016. The dissertation sought to answer the question, ‘What were the artistic and thematic influences on the evolution of the “white writing” style of the American painter, Mark Tobey?’ Tobey’s distinctive approach to abstraction brought him great acclaim and considerable success in the middle decades of the 20th century but today barely receives a footnote or a few brief sentences in art history texts and courses. It is the intention of this author to argue for the originality and importance of Tobey’s contribution to modern painting, and explain how he arrived at this unique style.

This paper is divided into three parts. The first explores the artistic figures and movements that had an impact on Mark Tobey’s early development. The second focuses on the wide and varied range of thematic sources for Tobey’s painting throughout his life. The painter cited them as ‘the Orient, the Occident, science, religion [and] cities…’ In the third part, the years Tobey spent as a teacher at Dartington Hall in Devon will be examined, including the painter’s travels to the Far East with his friend, the potter Bernard Leach, and the particular circumstances and influences that resulted in the painter’s artistic breakthrough when he produced his first so-called ‘white writing’ paintings at Dartington.
We’d love to turn you on: Considering Bakhtin and the music of The Beatles, ‘A Day in the Life’
Authors: Neill Lindsay , Hemmington Nigel , Sturny Luca
Published: November 2019

From the Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band album, this article re-reads The Beatles’ classic song ‘A Day in the Life’. Our re-reading uses Bakhtin’s chronotope. While ‘A Day in the Life’ was released in 1967, our chronotopic perspectives of it are timely. In using the chronotope to re-read this classic, we have developed an equation linking utterance to culture, time, history, the individual and interpretation. In those ways, our article not only reveals how texts are interpreted within socio-temporal constructs, but through our equation also shows how other texts may be understood and interpreted. Indeed, our equation explains the process of interpretation. Applied to ‘A Day in the Life’, our interpretation reveals the relevance of the songs lyric and music to contemporary understanding that transcends ways of being and becoming. That understanding also reflects The Beatles’ own change from four ordinary Liverpudlians to global mega-stars. Our interpretation of ‘A Day in the Life’ shows how, through lyric, The Beatles addressed their celebrity by reinstating their ordinariness within the music and lyric of the tune. Consequently, and while we concentrate on ‘A Day in the Life’ our article provides a wider view and understanding of how text and music combine to generate a timeless understanding of both meaning and interpretation.