bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Land Cover Change on the Spatial Distribution of Nonpoint Source Pollution Based on SWAT Model
Authors: Zhang Zeshu , Montas Hubert , Shirmohammadi Adel , Leisnham Paul T. , Negahban-Azar Masoud
Published: March 2023

Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is a pressing issue worldwide, especially in the Chesapeake Bay, where sediment, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are the most critical water quality concerns. Despite significant efforts by federal, state, and local governments, the improvement in water quality has been limited. Investigating the spatial distribution of NPS hotspots can help understand NPS pollutant output and guide control measures. We hypothesize that as land cover changes from natural (e.g., forestland) and agricultural to suburban and ultra-urban, the distribution of NPS pollution source areas becomes increasingly spatially uniform. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed three real watersheds with varying land cover (Greensboro watershed for agriculture, Watts Branch watershed for suburban, and Watershed 263 for ultra-urban) and three synthetic watersheds developed based on the Watts Branch watershed, which ranged from forested and agricultural to ultra-urban but had the same soil, slope, and weather conditions. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was selected as a phenomenological model for the analysis, and SWAT-CUP was used for model calibration and validation. The hydrologic responses of the three real and synthetic watersheds were simulated over ten years (1993–2002 or 2002–2011), and calibration and validation results indicated that SWAT could properly predict the export of runoff and three target NPS pollution constituents (sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus). The results showed that the distribution of NPS pollutant outputs becomes increasingly uniform as land cover changes from agriculture to ultra-urban across watersheds. This research suggests that the spatial distribution of NPS pollution source areas is a function of the major land cover category of study watersheds, and control strategies should be adapted accordingly. If NPS pollution is distributed unevenly across a watershed, hotspot areas output a disproportionate amount of pollution and require more targeted and intensive control measures. Conversely, if the distribution of NPS pollution is more uniform across a watershed, the control strategies need to be more widespread and encompass a larger area.
Evaluation of Social Vulnerability to Flood Hazard in Basilicata Region (Southern Italy)
Authors: Lapietra Isabella , Rizzo Angela , Colacicco Rosa , Dellino Pierfrancesco , Capolongo Domenico
Published: March 2023

Floods are the most common natural hazards causing damage to properties and loss of life worldwide. They are not preventable but vulnerability assessments, hazard mitigation, and effective emergency management plans can reduce their impacts and facilitate recovery actions. Floods can have different impacts depending on the local physical conditions and on the social context represented by the economic and cultural patterns of a specific community. Social vulnerability is the susceptibility of social groups to the adverse impacts of natural hazards, including disproportionate death, injury, loss, or disruption of livelihood. Therefore, the social vulnerability analysis becomes of primary importance in understanding the main factors influencing the capacity of a specific community to anticipate, cope with, and recover from a flood event. In this context, this paper investigates the correlation between flood hazard and socio-economic factors across the Basilicata Region (southern Italy). The aim of this research is to evaluate flood hazard and social vulnerability index through a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. Multivariate factor analysis was applied in this work to construct an overall social vulnerability index which was combined with the flood hazard distribution. Our results underline the presence of 107,587 people with a high level of both flood hazard and social vulnerability.
A Deforming Mixed-Hybrid Finite Element Model for Robust Groundwater Flow Simulation in 3D Unconfined Aquifers with Unstructured Layered Grids
Authors: Sbai Mohammed Adil , Larabi Abdelkader
Published: March 2023

Determining the water table shape and position in unconfined aquifers is fundamental to many groundwater flow assessment studies. The commonly used industry-standard fixed mesh models, contrary to popular belief, do not provide an accurate description of the phreatic surface. When using such models, the water table position is post-processed from the simulated groundwater heads, leading to an approximation error. This error becomes larger for coarse vertical grids. This paper introduces a novel moving mesh technique to simulate the groundwater table in three-dimensional unconfined aquifers under steady-state or transient conditions. We adopt the face-based mixed-hybrid finite element discretization approach in space, leading to a more accurate approximation of the specific discharge field. The model uses an adaptive unstructured but layered mesh which is iteratively adjusted until its top fits the phreatic surface. The developed algorithm accounts for a linearized form of the kinematic boundary condition prescribed on the moving boundary and also supports usual boundary conditions as well. The model was compared to the existing analytical, fixed mesh, and previously published solutions. The obtained results show that the developed model is superior in terms of its numerical stability, convergence behavior, and accuracy. Furthermore, the simulated phreatic surface is free from a cellwise interpolation error and independent of the vertical grid size as used in fixed mesh methods. We also found that the robustness of the moving mesh method cannot be surpassed by a fixed mesh alternative. The model’s efficiency is supported by an almost quadratic rate of convergence of the outer iteration loop.
A Comprehensive Approach to the Chemistry, Pollution Impact and Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Sources in a Former Industrialized Area of Romania
Authors: Resz Maria-Alexandra , Roman Cecilia , Senila Marin , Török Anamaria Iulia , Kovacs Eniko
Published: March 2023

Water wells used as drinking sources, located in a Romanian urban area, were characterized from four novel points of view: typology, chemical parameters, heavy metal pollution and human health risk assessment. Physico-chemical parameters and trace metals were analyzed and compared to regulatory reference values related to drinking water quality. Piper, TIS and Gibbs diagrams were used for determining the typology of waters. The pollution index was calculated with the aim of determining the pollution levels. Human health risk indices were used for determining the potential non-carcinogenic risks type of heavy metals and nitrogen compounds. The results indicated that water samples were characterized by contamination with nitrogen compounds and Cd, Mn and Pb. Pollution scores indicated both low and high pollution degrees. Based on the health risk assessment, waters were classified as safe for drinking related to the heavy metal content, for both adults and children. Nonetheless, non-carcinogenic risks in NO2− and NO3− can occur if waters are consumed.
E-Learning Proposal for 3D Modeling and Numerical Simulation with FreeFem++ for the Study of the Discontinuous Dynamics of Biological and Anaerobic Digesters
Authors: Brito-Espino Saulo , García-Ramírez Tania , Leon-Zerpa Federico , Mendieta-Pino Carlos , Santana Juan J. , Ramos-Martín Alejandro
Published: March 2023

This work presents an original 3D code in FreeFem++ to recreate the behavior of anaerobic microorganisms in non-stirred anaerobic reactors with an intermittent feed. The physical and biochemical phenomena have been considered using a mathematical model based on a set of partial differential equations: Stokes, advection–diffusion, and diffusion–reaction. The description of the anaerobic metabolism was carried out by implementing the structured AMD1 model. The Galerkin finite element method has been used to solve the partial differential equations defined in the model. Finally, the methodology and procedures are presented by means of a concrete example. Thanks to the inclusion of this e-learning tool for use in virtual laboratories, it is possible to improve the understanding of engineering students on the functioning of the metabolism that takes place inside non-stirred anaerobic reactors that are fed discontinuously. This proposal reinforces to students, in a transversal way, both environmental sensitivity and awareness of the circular economy focused on the implementation of natural wastewater treatment systems in rural areas.
Using Artificial Intelligence to Identify Suitable Artificial Groundwater Recharge Areas for the Iranshahr Basin
Authors: Zaresefat Mojtaba , Derakhshani Reza , Nikpeyman Vahid , GhasemiNejad Amin , Raoof Amir
Published: March 2023

A water supply is vital for preserving usual human living standards, industrial development, and agricultural growth. Scarce water supplies and unplanned urbanization are the primary impediments to results in dry environments. Locating suitable sites for artificial groundwater recharge (AGR) could be a strategic priority for countries to recharge groundwater. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) techniques provide valuable tools for producing an AGR site suitability map (AGRSSM). This research developed an ML algorithm to identify the most appropriate location for AGR in Iranshahr, one of the major districts in the East of Iran characterized by severe drought and excessive groundwater consumption. The area’s undue reliance on groundwater resources has resulted in aquifer depletion and socioeconomic problems. Nine digitized and georeferenced data layers have been considered for preparing the AGRSSM, including precipitation, slope, geology, unsaturated zone thickness, land use, distance from the main rivers, precipitation, water quality, and transmissivity of soil. The developed AGRSSM was trained and validated using 1000 randomly selected points across the study area with an accuracy of 97%. By comparing the results of the proposed sites with those of other methods, it was discovered that the artificial intelligence method could accurately determine artificial recharge sites. In summary, this study uses a novel approach to identify optimal AGR sites using machine learning algorithms. Our findings have practical implications for policymakers and water resource managers looking to address the problem of groundwater depletion in Iranshahr and other regions facing similar challenges. Future research in this area could explore the applicability of our approach to other regions and examine the potential economic benefits of using AGR to recharge groundwater.
Review and Opinions on the Research, Development and Application of Microalgae Culture Technologies for Resource Recovery from Wastewater
Authors: You Na , Deng Shihai , Wang Chaoqi , Ngo Huu , Wang Xiaowei , Yu Hongbin , Tang Long , Han Jie
Published: March 2023

Wastewater is an abundant source of nutrients and energy. Under the circumstances of circular economy and carbon neutrality, resource recovery from wastewater has recently been motivated. The microalgal process is a promising alternative for resource recovery from wastewater, and it possesses potential for the cost reduction of wastewater treatment and fertilizer production, energy generation, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. This paper reviews and discusses state-of-the-art microalgal process development, including microalgal species screening, configuration, biotic consortia construction, infection avoidance, nutrients balancing, operational parameter optimization, and biomass harvesting enhancement. Due to the lack of literature on practical applications, the microalgal process lacks economic and environmental feasibility assessments. Life cycle assessments from the perspective of circular economy and carbon neutrality on upscaled microalgal processes are required for various wastewater scenarios. To promote the upscaled application and successful implementation, efforts are also suggested to establish utilization guidelines, advanced recommendations, reliable standards, and proper safety evaluation criteria. This work could provide a reference and direct the follow-up research, development, and application of microalgae (MA)-based processes for resource recovery from wastewater.
Double Strength Reduction Method for Slope Stability Analysis Based on Water Content Variation: A Study and Engineering Application
Authors: Liu Xiaoliang , Su Mei
Published: March 2023

Soil moisture content changes caused by rainfall and other factors can significantly affect slope stability and potentially lead to geological disasters, such as landslides and debris flows. However, conventional finite element methods for strength reduction do not consider the impact of water content on slope stability. This paper examines classical finite element methods for reducing the double strength coefficient and then introduces a novel approach using changes in moisture content. The new method is implemented through the use of an ABAQUS FE program’s USDFLD user-defined subroutine. This paper concludes by contrasting the outcomes derived from the limit equilibrium technique and other techniques and verifying the accuracy of the suggested approach through theoretical and numerical simulations. The numerical calculations for the stability evaluation of the Azhuoluo slope in the Chinese province of Guizhou, Shuicheng county were performed utilizing the ABAQUS FE platform’s USDFLD user-defined subroutine based on the double-strength discounting method, in response to the large landslide disaster in the region. The results show that the red clay, formed from the weathering of basalt in the area, experiences asynchronous decay in both friction angle and cohesion as the water content increases, with a significantly higher decay rate in the internal friction angle compared to cohesion. This indicates that traditional finite element methods that synchronously discount the internal friction angle and cohesion do not correspond to reality, whereas this proposed double-strength discounting method, based on water content changes, accurately reflects the essential characteristics of slope instability and has clear physical meaning and practical engineering applications.
A Deep Learning Model of Spatial Distance and Named Entity Recognition (SD-NER) for Flood Mark Text Classification
Authors: Szczepanek Robert
Published: March 2023

Information on historical flood levels can be communicated verbally, in documents, or in the form of flood marks. The latter are the most useful from the point of view of public awareness building and mathematical modeling of floods. Information about flood marks can be found in documents, but nowadays, they are starting to appear more often on the Internet. The only problem is finding them. The aim of the presented work is to create a new model for classifying Internet sources using advanced text analysis (including named entity recognition), deep neural networks, and spatial analysis. As a novelty in models of this type, it was proposed to use a matrix of minimum distances between toponyms (rivers and towns/villages) found in the text. The resulting distance matrix for Poland was published as open data. Each of the methods used is well known, but so far, no one has combined them into one ensemble machine learning model in such a way. The proposed SD-NER model achieved an F1 score of 0.920 for the binary classification task, improving the model without this spatial module by 17%. The proposed model can be successfully implemented after minor modifications for other classification tasks where spatial information about toponyms is important.
Technical and Business Evaluation of Professional Aquaponics in Europe
Authors: Raulier Pierre , Latrille François , Ancion Nicolas , Kaddouri Marjane , Crutzen Nathalie , Jijakli M. Haïssam
Published: March 2023

The European aquaponic sector started to develop and professionalize in the early 2010′s. This development and the subsequent challenges faced by early practitioners were investigated in various publications between 2015 and 2020. Although most of these studies were focused on educational and research institutions, only a few included commercial entities. The present survey is aimed at defining and assessing the recent evolution of the European aquaponic activities in professional structures. One hundred and forty professional aquaponic entities (non-profit organization, educational, and commercial) having an aquaponic system with more than 1 m3 of water in their recirculating aquaculture systems were identified in Europe. Among them, 46 responded to a survey about the technical and business aspects of their structures. In comparison to previous surveys, a much higher number of entities had larger systems (up to 14,000 m2), with higher yields (up to 20 t of fish or vegetables per year), whereas 59% of them declared making profits. This revealed a clear expansion and professionalization of the sector, which was found to be highly diversified, with systems varying greatly in size, design, and technology. Business models and activities were generally diverse, and included a combination of production, education, and/or services. Most entities also combined different customer segments. At the time of the survey, the aquaponic sector was still struggling to find its economic viability, as the business model of most entities did not only rely on fish and vegetable sales, but also largely relied on free labor through volunteers or internships. Acquiring knowledge as well as optimizing production and business models were perceived as the main challenges for the steady growth of the sector. Consequently, there is a clear need to increase training, to continue the research and development work, and create public support systems for aquaponics farms to further improve and expand the commercialization of aquaponics in Europe.
Investigations of Multi-Platform Data for Developing an Integrated Flood Information System in the Kalu River Basin, Sri Lanka
Authors: Rasmy Mohamed , Yasukawa Masaki , Ushiyama Tomoki , Tamakawa Katsunori , Aida Kentaro , Seenipellage Sugeeshwara , Hemakanth Selvarajah , Kitsuregawa Masaru , Koike Toshio
Published: March 2023

Flood early warning systems (FEWS) are crucial for flood risk management; however, several catchments in the developing world are still far behind in all aspects of FEWS and thus, they encounter devastating damage recurrently due to limitations in data, knowledge, and technologies. This paper presents a catchment-scale integrated flood information system by incorporating present-day multi-platform data and technologies (e.g., ground and satellite rainfall observation, ensemble rainfall forecasts, and flood simulation) and evaluates their performance in a poorly gauged prototype basin (i.e., the Kalu River basin). Satellite rainfall products obtained in real time (GSMaP-NOW) and near-real time (GSMaP-NRT) can detect heavy rainfall events well and bias-corrected products can further improve rainfall estimations and flood simulations. Particularly, GSMaP-NRT, which outperformed GSMaP-NOW in both rainfall and discharge estimations, is suitable for near-real-time flood-related applications. Ensemble rainfall forecasts showed good performance in predicting alarming signals of heavy rainfall and peak flow with uncertainties in the amounts and timings of the events. Information derived from both satellite and ensemble forecasts on heavy rainfall, simulated flood signals, and their possible range of probabilities is promising and can help minimize the data gaps and improve the knowledge and technology of experts and policy-makers in poorly gauged basins.
Optimizing the Flocculation Effect of Cationic Polyacrylamide Prepared with UV-Initiated Polymerization by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Fu Chaochen , Zhang Zhengan , Li Yuying , Li Lin , Wang Hongtian , Liu Shaobo , Hua Xia , Li Bailian
Published: March 2023

Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) is a commonly used flocculant for water treatment. Factors that affect the flocculation effect and can be controlled manually include the type and dosage of CPAM, wastewater pH, stirring time and settling time, and their reasonable setting is critical to the flocculation effect of CPAM. In this paper, the optimal flocculation conditions of a novel CPAM were studied. First, single-factor tests were conducted to preliminarily explore the optimal range of factors that influence CPAM flocculation, and then response surface methodology (RSM) tests were performed to accurately determine the optimums of the influencing factors. The results showed that the flocculation effect was better when the intrinsic viscosity was larger or the cationic degree of CPAM was higher. The CPAM dosage, wastewater pH and stirring time significantly impacted the flocculation effect, and inflection points were observed. A model that could guide CPAM-8.14-40.2 flocculation was obtained by RSM tests. The model optimization showed that the optimal flocculation conditions of CPAM-8.14-40.2 for treating wastewater prepared with kaolin were as follows: the CPAM dosage, wastewater pH and stirring time were 5.83 mg·L−1, 7.28, and 5.95 min, respectively, and the turbidity of the treated wastewater was reduced to 6.24 NTU.
Simulating Hypoxia in a New England Estuary: WASP8 Advanced Eutrophication Module (Narragansett Bay, RI, USA)
Authors: Knightes Christopher D.
Published: March 2023

Anthropogenic sources of nutrients cause eutrophication in coastal waters. Narraganset Bay (USA), the largest estuary in New England, has large seasonal zones of hypoxia. In response, management strategies have been implemented to reduce nutrient loadings. In this study, a mechanistic, mass balance fate and transport modeling framework was developed and applied to Narragansett Bay to improve our understanding of the processes governing hypoxia. Discrete and continuous observations were used for model comparison and evaluation. Simulations captured the general trends and patterns in dissolved oxygen (DO) with depth and space. Simulations were unable to capture the wide diurnal range of observed continuous DO and phytoplankton concentrations, potentially suggesting the need for improved understanding of processes at this time scale. Mechanistic modelling scenarios were performed to investigate how different sources of nutrients affect DO. Results suggest tributary sources of nitrogen affected upper layers of DO, while sediment oxygen demand and nutrient fluxes affected deeper waters. This work highlights the importance of understanding and simulating the legacy effects of historic nutrient loading to estuary systems to understand the magnitude and timing of long-term recovery due to reductions in nutrient loadings.
Optimization Model of Water Resources Allocation in Coal Mine Area Based on Ecological Environment Priority
Authors: Guo Liangliang , Xie Xinxin , Zeng Jian , An Ning , Wang Zhichao , Gao Longsheng , Wang Yonghong , Yang Junyao
Published: March 2023

It is of great practical significance to explore the efficient water resources allocation model based on ecological environment priority in coal mine areas. In this paper, an open-well coal mining area is selected as the study area. Firstly, the changing characteristics of water supply and demand balance in the study area during 2015–2020 are studied, and the defects of the existing water resources allocation mode are analyzed. Then, considering the economic, social, and ecological factors, a multi-objective model of optimal allocation of water resources was established. Finally, the optimal water resource allocation scheme was obtained by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results indicate that both the water supply and consumption in the study area decreased from 2015 to 2020. The utilization rate of fresh water also has been declining year by year, and the water source structure tilted to the reclaimed water resources. Among water users, coal mining water consumption is the highest, while ecological water consumption is the lowest. There is still a large amount of recycled water that has not been reused, resulting in a waste of water resources. The optimal water resources allocation scheme shows that the allocation scheme meets the needs of each water user within the limits of the water supply source. The sewage reuse rate reached nearly 100%, which realized the maximum utilization efficiency of water resources. The utilization rate of fresh water was 29.94%, and the dependence on freshwater resources was reduced. Reclaimed water accounts for 77.8% of the total water consumption. The water source structure has been optimized to realize efficient use of water resources.
Estimating Land Subsidence and Gravimetric Anomaly Induced by Aquifer Overexploitation in the Chandigarh Tri-City Region, India by Coupling Remote Sensing with a Deep Learning Neural Network Model
Authors: Reshi Arjuman Rafiq , Sandhu Har Amrit Singh , Cherubini Claudia , Tripathi Akshar
Published: March 2023

This study utilizes surface displacement data from Persistent Scatterer SAR Interferometry (PSInSAR) of Sentinel-1 satellite and groundwater storage change data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission to understand land subsidence in the Chandigarh tri-city region. The satellite datasets are used along with the groundwater level data obtained from wells over the study area. Since the GRACE data are available at a much coarser spatial resolution of 1o by 1o, challenges remain in correlating the dataset with PSInSAR displacement that has been multi-looked at 14 m by 14 m resolution. Therefore, multiple sources of data (i.e., the monthly average of GRACE data, groundwater storage change and monthly average PSInSAR displacement per pixel, and interpolated groundwater level data from wells for 2017 to 2022) have been deployed into a deep learning multi-layer perceptron (DLMLP) model to estimate the groundwater storage change at the urban level. This has an indirect downscaling method that is carried out successfully using the DLMLP model for the estimation of groundwater storage changes at the urban level, which is usually complicated by applying direct downscaling methods on the GRACE data. Thus, the DLMLP model developed here is a distinctive approach considered for estimating the changes in groundwater storage using PSInSAR displacement, groundwater data from wells, and GRACE data. The DLMLP model gives an R2-statistics value of 0.91 and 0.89 in the training and testing phases, respectively, and has a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.23 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.87.
Optimizing Water Distribution in Transboundary Rivers Based on a Synthesis–Dynamic–Harmonious Approach: A Case Study of the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Qiu Meng , Zuo Qiting , Wu Qingsong , Wu Binbin , Ma Junxia , Zhang Jianwei
Published: March 2023

It has been difficult to revise and adjust the water distribution of the Yellow River in 1987 (1987 water distribution scheme). By gathering data and studies from previous literature, this paper summarized some water distribution ideas, principles and rules in transboundary rivers. We proposed the “synthesis–dynamic–harmonious” water distribution method (SDH), and applied it to the actual conditions of the Yellow River basin. Through the SDH method, we calculated a new scheme for water distribution in the Yellow River and analyzed the results. The key findings of this study are summarized below. Firstly, the water distribution of transboundary rivers required the establishment of advanced water distribution ideas. Secondly, the proposed water distribution method took into account a variety of factors: with the change in distributable water volume, the same ratio changes and meets the minimum water demand and water efficiency constraints. Thirdly, the 1987, the water distribution scheme needed some adjustment. Fourthly, under the new Yellow River basin water distribution scheme (“19ZQT” water distribution scheme), Shandong, Inner Mongolia, and Henan account for 50% of the total water distribution. Sichuan accounts for only 0.3% of the total. Compared with the 1987 water distribution scheme, Hebei and Tianjin reduced the amount of water allocated by 51.2%, while Shaanxi increased it by 24.89%. In this paper, considering the changes in the total distributable water volume, the new Yellow River water distribution scheme (“19ZQT” water distribution scheme) assumed water distribution of 37 billion m3 and 30 billion m3, upon which calculations were performed. This study should provide a scientific and reasonable scheme for water distribution of transboundary rivers, and rational utilization of water resources. It should lay a solid foundation for the high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.
Estimation of Evapotranspiration in the Desert–Oasis Transition Zone Using the Water Balance Method and Groundwater Level Fluctuation Method—Taking the Haloxylon ammodendron Forest at the Edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert as an Example
Authors: Jiao Ping , Hu Shun-Jun
Published: March 2023

Shallow groundwater is an important water source for Haloxylon ammodendron (H. ammodendron). The accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ETg) from groundwater is of great significance for the water cycle and the maintenance of ecological stability. Using a combination of the water balance method and the groundwater level fluctuation method (WTF), the water balance components (precipitation, soil moisture, groundwater depth, and Bowen ratio meteorological data) in the desert–oasis transition zone were continuously monitored from 2015 to 2018 and the ETg was estimated The results showed that the closed degree of Bowen specific energy after data screening was higher, and the annual actual evapotranspiration (ETa) value could be reliably calculated at 260.87 mm. As the main contributor to water consumption in the growing season, latent heat accounted for 70.16~91.86% of the energy balance. Precipitation had no significant impact on water consumption for H. ammodendron vegetation growth, and the precipitation in the main growing season accounted for 59.44% of the ETa. The groundwater depth in the study area decreased yearly and had a significant impact on the growth of H. ammodendron vegetation. Although the groundwater depth in the study area was greater than 9 m, the ETg, as an important part of the water balance, was found to participate in the evapotranspiration process brought about by H. ammodendron due to the strong root system and supporting capillary water in the soil. The actual evapotranspiration ETa for H. ammodendron in the main growing season was 244.32 mm, and the contribution rate for ETg was as high as 74.78% or approximately 182.35 mm. After the ETg was verified using the water balance method and WTF, R was greater than 0.96, the RMSE range was 1.5931~4.5706, the bias range was −0.15~0.11, and the IOA value was greater than 0.95. The accuracy of the estimation model was high, and the results were relatively accurate. The model can be applied in the desert–oasis transition zone to obtain accurate ETg estimations and provide theoretical guidance and a scientific basis for local water resource management and ecological protection.
Markusen’s Typology with a “European” Twist, the Examples of the French Aerospace Valley Cluster and the Andalucia Aerospace Cluster
Authors: Kyriazis Vasileios , Metaxas Theodore
Published: March 2023

The phenomenon of firms grouping together has been extensively researched and is commonly known as industrial clusters. There are various ways to categorize these clusters, and in this paper, we adopt Markusen’s classification, which identifies four distinct types of industrial districts: the Marshallian/Italianate type, the hub-and-spoke type, the satellite industrial platforms, and the state-anchored clusters. Adding to Markusen’s typology, we will also try to delineate these two clusters’ “European Aspects”. We will examine if they have developed any “inter-European” synergy/ies with other entities (clusters, companies, E.U. institutions, etc.) of the E.U. ecosystem. The creation of such synergies includes the creation of technology innovation and interpersonal networks to serve as conduits for the diffusion of knowledge and exchange of information, the development of innovation initiatives between the entities of the technological ecosystem of the E.U. defense industry, and the creation of tangible “knowledge links”. The aim of this study is to investigate which of the four types of industrial clusters described by Markusen the French Aerospace Valley cluster of the Midi-Pyrénées and Aquitaine regions and the Andalucia Aerospace cluster belong to.
Electrochemical Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand Based on Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode
Authors: Latifah Dian S. , Jeon Subin , Oh Ilwhan
Published: March 2023

A rapid and environment-friendly electrochemical sensor to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) has been developed. The boron-doped diamond (BDD) thin-film electrode is employed as the anode, which fully oxidizes organic pollutants and provides a current response in proportion to the COD values of the sample solution. The BDD-based amperometric COD sensor is optimized in terms of the applied potential and the solution pH. At the optimized conditions, the COD sensor exhibits a linear range of 0 to 80 mg/L and the detection limit of 1.1 mg/L. Using a set of model organic compounds, the electrochemical COD sensor is compared with the conventional dichromate COD method. The result shows an excellent correlation between the two methods.
Lectura en voz alta y comentada para enseñar (y disfrutar) a Borges
Authors: Gil José María , Bergonzi Martínez Jonás Ezequiel
Published: March 2023

En la primera parte de este trabajo se busca explicar por qué tanto la figura personal de Jorge Luis Borges como su propia obra han generado alguna clase de recelo o “miedo”. Las prevenciones de orden político hacia su persona, por un lado, y las complejas relaciones entre la dificultad y disfrute que surgen en el tratamiento sus textos, por el otro, son dos dimensiones interconectadas que participan en la configuración de una representación cultural sobre Borges en su propio país, Argentina. Como un método para vencer “el miedo a Borges”, en la segunda parte se muestra cómo muy diversas y heterogéneas producciones de la cultura popular pueden llegar a ser vías de acceso para empezar a tratar temas de su obra. En la tercera parte, que es el núcleo de este trabajo, se presenta el desarrollo una investigación que recurrió a un capítulo de la serie de dibujos animados “Los Simpson” como vía de acceso a un texto de Borges. Los resultados ofrecen evidencia empírica a favor de las dos hipótesis evaluadas. En primer lugar, una tarea preparatoria con una producción de la cultura popular parece favorecer la comprensión global. En segundo lugar, la lectura en voz alta y comentada parece favorecer no sólo la comprensión en general sino también el disfrute de los textos.
Ningún lugar es un lugar
Authors: Petrecca Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo analiza la relación entre Borges y la poesía china contemporánea, y más concretamente la poesía de la llamada “tercera generación”, partir de una serie de poemas centrados sobre la figura del escritor argentino. Insertos dentro de lo que ha sido descrito como una especie de subgénero en la poesía contemporánea, el de los “poemas conmemorativos de los grandes maestros occidentales”, estos ofrecen una buena perspectiva desde la cual analizar la construcción de la imagen de Borges y la relación que los poetas chinos establecen con esa imagen. Tras una breve introducción y un segundo punto en el cual introduciremos brevemente algunas características de la poesía china contemporánea, en el tercer apartado presentaremos sucintamente la recepción de la obra de Borges en China y entre los poetas chinos, antes de pasar, en el último punto, al análisis de cuatro poemas que vehiculizan, entre otras, cuestiones sobre el rol del poeta y de la poesía y sobre la oposición entre lo local y lo universal.
Borges y el post/trans-humanismo
Authors: Laguna Rogelio , Iraizos López Martín
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se analiza cómo se manifiestan el post-humanismo y el trans-humanismo en la obra de Borges. Se postula aquí que en la narrativa breve de Borges no sólo se manifiesta una reacción post-humanista contra el antropocentrismo imperante en la modernidad. También aparecen destellos poderosos de un trans-humanismo en virtud del cual se piensa en la inmortalidad y en la ampliación de las facultades cognitivas y espirituales de los seres humanos de un modo sumamente original porque excluye la necesidad de los avances tecnológicos más sorprendentes.
Le Bulletin de l’Association Guillaume Budé et la tradition humaniste
Authors: Billault Alain
Published: March 2023

Le Bulletin de l’Association Guillaume Budé s’est inscrit, dès ses origines, dans la tradition humaniste que l’Association voulait maintenir. Il illustre un humanisme qui n’est pas isolé du cours de l’histoire des hommes et qui implique à la fois le développement de la connaissance des textes grecs et latins et une attention constante portée à toutes les productions de l’esprit humain. L’histoire du Bulletin montre qu’il est toujours resté fidèle à ces idéaux où il peut encore trouver, tout en opérant les adaptations nécessaires, les principes qui devront le guider à l’avenir.
Molecular Basis of KAT2A Selecting Acyl-CoA Cofactors for Histone Modifications
Authors: Li Sha , Li Nan , He Jie , Zhou Runxin , Lu Zhimin , Tao Yizhi Jane , Guo Yusong R. , Wang Yugang
Published: March 2023

Emerging discoveries about undocumented acyltransferase activities of known histone acetyltransferases (HATs) advance our understandings in the regulation of histone modifications. However, the molecular basis of HATs selecting acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) substrates for histone modification is less known. We here report that lysine acetyltransferase 2A (KAT2A) as an illustrative instance of HATs can selectively utilize acetyl-CoA, propionyl-CoA, butyryl-CoA, and succinyl-CoA to directly deposit 18 histone acylation hallmarks in nucleosome. By analyzing the co-crystal structures of the catalytic domain of KAT2A in complex with acetyl-CoA, propionyl-CoA, butyryl-CoA, malonyl-CoA, succinyl-CoA, and glutaryl-CoA, we conclude that the alternative substrate-binding pocket of KAT2A and the length and electrostatic features of the acyl chain cooperatively determine the selection of the acyl-CoA substrates by KAT2A. This study reveals the molecular basis underlying the pluripotency of HATs that selectively install acylation hallmarks in nucleosomes, which might serve as instrumental mechanism to precisely regulate histone acylation profiles in cells.
Highly Sensitive and Fast Hydrogen Detection Based on Light-Induced Thermoelastic Spectroscopy
Authors: Ma Yufei , Liang Tiantian , Qiao Shunda , Liu Xiaonan , Lang Ziting
Published: March 2023

As a new energy source, hydrogen (H
2
) detection is a hot topic in recent years. Because of the weak absorption characteristic, laser spectroscopy-based H
2
detection is challenging. In this paper, a highly sensitive H
2
sensor based on light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) technique is demonstrated for the first time. A continuous-wave, distributed feedback diode laser with emission in the 2.1 μm region was adopted as the excitation source to target the strongest H
2
absorption line of 4,712.90 cm
−1
. A Herriott multipass cell with an optical length of 10.1 m was chosen to further improve the H
2
absorption. With the feature of processing the raw input data without data preprocessing and extracting the desired features automatically, the robust shallow neural network (SNN) fitting algorithm was brought in to denoise the sensor. For the LITES-based H
2
sensor, the concentration response was tested, and an excellent linear response to H
2
concentration levels was achieved. A minimum detection limit (MDL) of ~80 ppm was obtained. On the basis of implementation of the H
2
-LITES sensor, a heterodyne H
2
-LITES sensor was further constructed to realize a fast measurement of resonance frequency of quartz tuning fork and H
2
concentration simultaneously. The resonance frequency can be retrieved in several hundred milliseconds with the measurement accuracy of ±0.2 Hz, and the result of 30,713.76 Hz is exactly same as the experimentally determined value of 30,713.69 Hz. After the SNN algorithm was applied, an MDL of ~45 ppm was achieved for this heterodyne H
2
-LITES sensor.
Effects of A 3-Week Modified Complex Training on Athletic Performance of Women's National Basketball Players
Authors: Šebić Lejla , Čaušević Denis , Kovačević Erol , Aljiji Amir , Vrcić Mensur , Simović Slobodan
Published: March 2023

Basketball is one of the popular sports in the world, and physical performance is becoming increasingly important in basketball as the game evolves. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a 3-week modified complex training on athletic performance of women's national basketball players. An experimental study involved the participation of 12 highly trained female basketball players (national team of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Observed variables before and after 3-weeks of modified complex training were 300 yards test, 20-yards test, lane agility and beep test. Means and standard deviations for each of the variables were calculated, and differences pre-to-post performance changes were examined using a paired sample t-test. Three weeks of specific complex training sessions show a statistically significant increase in all tested variables, 300 yards (p≤.001); 20 yards (p≤.001); Lane agility (p≤.001) and beep test (p=.028). It can be concluded that applied complex training program has significantly improved studied parameters of condition preparation of elite female basketball players.
Goddess, Corporeality and Nature: Study of Ecofeminist Spiritualism
Authors: Arivia Gadis
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the alternative spirituality based on ecofeminism, meaning excavating the feminine spirituality before the birth of monotheism. Feminine spirituality exposed the female god, that is Goddess even before the pre-(his)tory. Faith on the existence of Goddess were not only existed within the Egypt, Greek, and the West but also in ancient Indonesia. Ecofeminist spirituality connected the spirit of the Nature, Wo-men corporeality and female sexuality.
Women’s Resistance in Cotton Industry: a Study of Ecological Destruction in East Sumba
Authors: Nugrohowardhani R.L.K.R.
Published: March 2023

National Cotton Acceleration Program (NCAP) being incepted in East Sumba since 2008 has created resistances among women farmers in Tanamanang Village. Forms of resistances are as follows: first they called the cotton as “project cotton” representing a symbolic resistance with negative connotation in speaking against the government project by reducing the existence of the word into “project”—no more no less. The second resistance is open-resistance in which they break the rules of planting-time, harvesting-time, and all the promises being signed before between the government and the farmers. The third resistance is by rejecting the program being incepted into their land. They openly say no to the planting of cotton in their front-back yard.
How is the Faces of Women’s Candidates in 2014 General Election?
Authors: Dhewy Anita
Published: March 2023

Pada tiga pemilu terakhir sesudah reformasi, kebijakan affirmative action dengan penerapan sistem kuota minimal 30 persen keterwakilan perempuan telah dijalankan. Pada Pemilu 2004 tindak afirmasi dilakukan melalui penggabungan sistem kuota dengan aturan nomor urut dalam pemilu. Hasilnya sebanyak 61 perempuan (11,09%) masuk sebagai anggota dewan dari total 550 anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia (DPR RI). Sementara pada pemilu 2009, diterapkan aturan kuota dan zipper system yang menghasilkan 101 perempuan (17,86%) anggota DPR dari 560 total anggota DPR RI. Untuk pemilu 2014 ini tetap berlaku aturan yang sama, sistem kuota dengan zipper system. Tabel 1 memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas tentang kebijakan afirmasi dalam UU Pemilu.
How to Purchase a Woman? Status of Christian Batak Women in Marriage Tradition
Authors: Manurung Nurseli Debora
Published: March 2023

This paper shows encounter of two traditions in marriages (Christianity-based and Batak Tradition-based), both are marginalizing women status. Church tradition and Toba Batak tradition are both patriacharl. They have different background contexts, but both subordinate women. The texts which is often used in liturgical marriage tradition describe women as those being led by men, thus led by God. In Toba Batak traditional marriages, a term called sinamot means as paying marriages. Many people say that sinamot is tuhor ni boru, literally means “woman-buying money.” Based on the roles of women and based on human rights of women, women are not dituhor, are not bought.
Wanita, Wani Ing Tata: a Construction of Javanese Women in Postcolonial Studies
Authors: Jati Wasisto Raharjo
Published: March 2023

Notion of “wani ing tata” basically is manifestation of noble conception to regard women having dignity in society. That actualization then explained in dual roles which operated in both areas; domestic and social engangement. The words “wanita” basically has been encountered in three social realms such as “wanodya” and “putri”. Those three concepts symbolized multifunctional roles that ascribed women as educator, nurse, and balancer. Javanese women leadership proved by prominent famous figure like Queen Shima, Tribhuana Tungga Dewi, and Suhita. In this case, its conception has ramified into both others notion; ardhaneswari and prameswari. Prameswari can be understood as main women; meanwhile ardhananeswari can be explained as tough and strong women. The emergence of patriarchal system into sociey reduced concept of “wani ing tata”. It puts women as inferior symbolized by “kasur”, “pupur’, and “sumur”.
Women Disassembling Silent Diplomacy of Beijing+20 & New York CSW59: a Study of Woman-Friendly International Diplomacy
Authors: Kholifah Dwi Ruby
Published: March 2023

This paper examines a comprehensive picture of women’s advocacy in Beijing+20 and Commission on the Status of Women 59 New York that spoke against silencediplomacy led by Indonesian government. Indonesia was seen as most democratic Muslim country in the World by the UN. Yet Indonesia was not promoting works in human rights maximally, especially the advancement of women’s rights and children’s rights. Women’s Movement to advocate the previous two international meetings had successfully opened-up a more women-friendly advocacy to advance status of women and children under international gender instruments.
Strengthening Gender Instrument and Women’s Agency: a Study of Disaster Risks in Indonesia, Philippine, and South Korea
Authors: Lestariningsih Dian
Published: March 2023

UNDP 2004 has reported that 75% of the world inhabit a high-risk disaster-prone area. Oxfam 2005 has narrated that during the tsunami attacking Indonesia and other countries, 77% casualties were women and girls. This facts shall strengthen the understanding of international gender instrument that support those who are vulnerable during disaster. Indonesia has impotant task to work and cooperate among multistakeholders such as government, communities, CSOs, NGOs, mass medias, etc to reduce disaster-risks. Indonesia should also pay more attention to promote women’s agency in reducing disaster-risks.