bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health education for women in postnatal wards at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya
Authors: Shitandi Tessa Muyaku , Cheptum Joyce Jebet , Matheka Emmah
Published: June 2024

Background/Aims

Health education for postnatal women after discharge is essential to informing women about nursing infants, self-care, identifying danger signs, therapy, medication and family planning intention. The aim of this study was to examine health education and health promotional messages given to women in the postnatal wards of Kenyatta National Hospital.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional design study was carried out with 105 postnatal women at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on women's postnatal care knowledge, and the timing and delivery of health education messages.

Results

The participants were knowledgeable about a number of postnatal care practices but lacking in some areas. Most received information on postnatal care immediately after birth. Healthcare professionals, including nurses, midwives, doctors and nutritionists, were the leading source of information. Health messages were shared in Kiswahili or a mixture of English and Kiswahili. The majority of participants reported they were able to understand the health messages they received.

Conclusions

Postnatal women were knowledgeable about postnatal care practices, although gaps in their knowledge were evident in some areas. Nurses and midwives working in obstetric wards need to initiate postnatal health education before discharge from the hospital to avoid delays in communicating crucial health messages and ensure that women are adequately informed.
The Future is Calling
Authors: Roessler Andreas
Published: June 2024

The development of animated avatar calls is seen as a milestone in realizing the full potential of both the metaverse and 5G. A new collaboration has found a way to test them, says Rohde & Schwarz.
Benefits of Planter Turn Compensation on Irregular Shaped Fields
Authors: Mishler Braden , Badua Sylvester , Sharda Ajay
Published: June 2024

Highlights

For the production fields examined, turn compensation was actuated for between 4.7% and 12.1% of the area during planting operations.

Seeding rate error without turn compensation ranged from 30.9% to 570.1% while with turn compensation seeding rate error was only 0.1% to 10.4%.

A cost savings of $16 to $212 ha-1 can be realized when planting with a turn compensation feature.

Abstract. Modern precision planters utilize advanced technologies such as electric seed metering units and hydraulic downforce systems, allowing for more precise control of seed placement during planting. This study focused on assessing the effectiveness of adopting turn compensation using electrically driven seed meters. Turn compensation refers to the ability of a planter to adjust seeding rates across the toolbar to account for the speed differential caused by planting around a turn or curvilinear pass. Significant research has been conducted on the accuracy of turn compensation implemented by electric driven seed meters, though no existing research could be found on the amount of ground covered in a production field when the technology is being utilized. Thus, the objectives of this study are: 1) to quantify the extent of area planted with turn compensation actuated on fields with varying size and shape and 2) to assess the potential cost savings when using a planter equipped with this technology. Results indicated that turn compensation could provide accurate adjustments of seed and fertilizer inputs while planting on curvilinear paths. In the production fields examined turn compensation would be actuated on between 4.7% and 12.1% of the area. Spacing data confirmed that the turn compensation accurately corrected the seed spacing when planting on curves. Seeding rate error without turn compensation ranged from 30.9% to 570.1% while with turn compensation seeding rate error was only 0.1% to 10.4%. Finally, results indicated a cost savings of $16 to $212 ha-1 when using a planter with a turn compensation feature.
Single detector compound axis system employs a two-axis mirror to achieve target acquisition
Authors: Wu Zhaolong , Chen Zhaobing , Xue Letang , Miao Shuping , Lin Feng , Pang Shushuai , Xu Bohan
Published: June 2024

Airborne electro-optical countermeasure systems necessitate designs that are both lightweight and miniaturized. This study examines a single-detector composite-axis system that integrates a large-stroke, large-aperture two-axis mirror for coarse tracking tasks and a piezoelectric fast-steering mirror for fine tracking adjustments. Addressing the system’s initial pointing and spiral scanning challenges, the study derives dynamic target-pointing equations using coordinate transformation and optical geometry. Neural network fitting is utilized to analyze the coupling between the mechanical travel angle of the two-axis mirror and the optical angle changes. Scanning detection and image motion compensation techniques enhance the system’s field of view. The paper also introduces the application of differential evolution algorithms for target positioning without distance information. Ground-to-air experiments substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Time-resolved ARPES with probe energy of 6.0 eV and tunable MIR pump at 250 kHz
Authors: Longa Adrien , Parent Jean-Michel , Frimpong Benson Kwaku , Armanno Dario , Gauthier Nicolas , Légaré François , Boschini Fabio , Jargot Gaëtan
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we present a laser source designed specifically for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES) investigations of light-induced electron dynamics in quantum materials. Our laser source is based on a ytterbium-doped laser that seeds an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) followed by a difference frequency generation (DFG) stage. This configuration enables the generation of tunable near-infrared and mid-infrared laser pulses (1.5 to 8 μm - 0.82 to 0.15 eV) at 250 kHz of repetition rate, serving as the pump for TR-ARPES measurements. The remaining energy of the laser is used to generate the ultraviolet 6 eV probe pulses, which prompt the material to emit photoelectrons. We demonstrate the long-term stability of the source, as well as the characterization of the beam profiles and pulse durations. Additionally, we present preliminary TR-ARPES results obtained on Bi2Te3, a prototypical 3D topological insulator. This paper illustrates the capability of our laser source to probe electronic dynamics in quantum materials.
Image authentication method based on Fourier zero-frequency replacement and single-pixel self-calibration imaging by diffractive deep neural network
Authors: Duan Jianxuan , Chen Linfei
Published: June 2024

The diffractive deep neural network is a novel network model that applies the principles of diffraction to neural networks, enabling machine learning tasks to be performed through optical principles. In this paper, a fully optical authentication model is developed using the diffractive deep neural network. The model utilizes terahertz light for propagation and combines it with a self-calibration single-pixel imaging model to construct a comprehensive optical authentication system with faster authentication speed. The proposed system filters the authentication images, establishes an optical connection with the Fourier zero-frequency response of the illumination pattern, and introduces the signal-to-noise ratio as a criterion for batch image authentication. Computer simulations demonstrate the fast speed and strong automation performance of the proposed optical authentication system, suggesting broad prospects for the combined application of diffractive deep neural networks and optical systems.
Broadband rapid-scanning phase-modulated Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy
Authors: Javed Ariba , Lüttig Julian , Sanders Stephanie E. , Sessa Francesco , Gardiner Alastair T. , Joffre Manuel , Ogilvie Jennifer P.
Published: June 2024

We present a phase-modulated approach for ultrabroadband Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy. To overcome the bandwidth limitations and spatial chirp introduced by acousto-optic modulators (AOMs), pulses from a 1 µm laser are modulated using AOMs prior to continuum generation. This phase modulation is transferred to the continuum generated in a yttrium aluminum garnet crystal. Separately generated phase-modulated continua in two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer interfere with the difference of their modulation frequencies, enabling physical under-sampling of the signal and the suppression of low-frequency noise. By interferometrically tracking the relative time delay of the continua, we perform continuous, rapid-scanning Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy with a high signal-to-noise ratio and spectral resolution. As proof of principle, we measure the linear absorption and fluorescence excitation spectra of a laser dye and various biological samples.
Unveiling photon-driven nonlinear evaporation via liquid drop interferometry
Authors: Verma Gopal , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Ashwini , Li Wei
Published: June 2024

We investigated photomolecular-induced evaporation, wherein photons cleave off water clusters near water–vapor interfaces, bypassing the typical thermal evaporation process. However, thermal-induced evaporation is the main bottleneck to precisely identify photon-induced evaporation. Liquid drop interferometry (LDI) resolved this bottleneck, utilizing evaporating water drops as an active element. Interestingly, we first observed near-total internal reflection, a nonlinear increase in evaporation attributed to photomolecular-induced evaporation, which had never been studied before, to the best of our knowledge. Furthermore, by generating a standing wave on a partially metallic polished prism, we uncovered an unexpected enhancement in evaporation coinciding with the wave reaching its maxima at the air–water (AW) interface, validating that photomolecular-induced evaporation is a surface phenomenon. Significantly, our noninvasive measurements have identified transient deformation height as a key indicator of photon-induced cluster breaking and increased evaporation, thus significantly advancing our understanding of photomolecular effects on water droplet evaporation.
Source-independent quantum secret sharing with entangled photon pair networks
Authors: Xiao Yi-Ran , Jia Zhao-Ying , Song Yu-Chen , Bao Yu , Fu Yao , Yin Hua-Lei , Chen Zeng-Bing
Published: June 2024

The large-scale deployment of quantum secret sharing (QSS) in quantum networks is currently challenging due to the requirements for the generation and distribution of multipartite entanglement states. Here we present an efficient source-independent QSS protocol utilizing entangled photon pairs in quantum networks. Through the post-matching method, which means the measurement events in the same basis are matched, the key rate is almost independent of the number of participants. In addition, the unconditional security of our QSS against internal and external eavesdroppers can be proved by introducing an equivalent virtual protocol. Our protocol has great performance and technical advantages in future quantum networks.
A theoretical framework for calibrating the depth-dependent optical scattering in layered human skin using spatially-offset measurements
Authors: Xiao Shuquan , Sun Yunxu , Vardaki Martha , Liu Wei
Published: June 2024

Spatially-offset spectroscopy offers an alternative noninvasive method for enabling deep probing of structures and chemical molecules, which is clinically significant for the characterization of chemical and physical alterations in human skin. However, a more precise depth-resolved quantification using the spatially-offset measurements still remains as a challenge due to the mixed inhomogeneous scattering. Herein, we report a Monte-Carlo-based quantification modelling platform combined with a novel scattering spectrum decomposition method to explore the depth-dependent optical scattering contributions in human skin. In the simplified modelling, human skin was empirically set to be composed of three layers and each layer possessed different photon weights for the spatially-offset scattering intensity measurements. The modelling results of photon transportation in-and-out of the layered skin substantially discovered that the layer-dependent scattering contribution was compositely encoded into the spatially-offset measurements and varied with the illumination incidence angle. For calibrating the layer-dependent scattering contribution, a modified nonlinear independent component processing algorithm was applied to the spatially-offset measurements by decomposing the photon weights of each layer. The calibration results figured out the major scattering contribution of each layer along the offset axis under different incidence angles, which were consistent with previously experimental observations. The proposed theoretical framework establishes a feasible approach for spatially-offset optical spectroscopies enabling non-invasive quantitative A-line characterization of the concentrations of skin components.
Chromosome segregation during spermatogenesis occurs through a unique center-kinetic mechanism in holocentric moth species
Authors: Hockens Clio , Lorenzi Hernan , Wang Tricia T. , Lei Elissa P. , Rosin Leah F.
Published: June 2024

Precise regulation of chromosome dynamics in the germline is essential for reproductive success across species. Yet, the mechanisms underlying meiotic chromosomal events such as homolog pairing and chromosome segregation are not fully understood in many species. Here, we employ Oligopaint DNA FISH to investigate mechanisms of meiotic homolog pairing and chromosome segregation in the holocentric pantry moth, Plodia interpunctella, and compare our findings to new and previous studies in the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori, which diverged from P. interpunctella over 100 million years ago. We find that pairing in both Bombyx and Plodia spermatogenesis is initiated at gene-rich chromosome ends. Additionally, both species form rod shaped cruciform-like bivalents at metaphase I. However, unlike the telomere-oriented chromosome segregation mechanism observed in Bombyx, Plodia can orient bivalents in multiple different ways at metaphase I. Surprisingly, in both species we find that kinetochores consistently assemble at non-telomeric loci toward the center of chromosomes regardless of where chromosome centers are located in the bivalent. Additionally, sister kinetochores do not seem to be paired in these species. Instead, four distinct kinetochores are easily observed at metaphase I. Despite this, we find clear end-on microtubule attachments and not lateral microtubule attachments co-orienting these separated kinetochores. These findings challenge the classical view of segregation where paired, poleward-facing kinetochores are required for accurate homolog separation in meiosis I. Our studies here highlight the importance of exploring fundamental processes in non-model systems, as employing novel organisms can lead to the discovery of novel biology.
Real-world performance of point-of-care vs. standard-of-care HIV viral load testing in western Kenya: Secondary analysis of Opt4Kids and Opt4Mamas studies
Authors: Giang Jessica H. , Basha Garoma , Thomas Katherine K. , Oyaro Patrick , Chohan Bhavna H. , Kingwara Leonard , Hassan Shukri A. , Yongo Nashon , Wagude James , Oluoch Fredrick , Odhiambo Francesca , Oyaro Boaz , John-Stewart Grace C. , Abuogi Lisa L. , Patel Rena C.
Published: June 2024

Routine HIV viral load testing is important for evaluating HIV treatment outcomes, but conventional viral load testing has many barriers including expensive laboratory equipment and lengthy results return times to patients. A point-of-care viral load testing technology, such as GeneXpert HIV-1 quantification assay, could reduce these barriers by decreasing cost and turnaround time, however real-world performance is limited. We conducted a secondary analysis using 900 samples collected from participants in two studies to examine the performance of GeneXpert as point-of-care viral load compared to standard-of-care testing (which was conducted with two centralized laboratories using traditional HIV-1 RNA PCR quantification assays). The two studies, Opt4Kids (n = 704 participants) and Opt4Mamas (n = 820 participants), were conducted in western Kenya from 2019–2021 to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined intervention strategy, which included point-of-care viral load testing. Paired viral load results were compared using four different thresholds for virological non-suppression, namely ≥50, ≥200, ≥400, ≥1000 copies/ml. At a threshold of ≥1000 copies/mL, paired samples collected on the same day: demonstrated sensitivities of 90.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.3, 98.8) and 66.7% (9.4, 99.2), specificities of 98.4% (95.5, 99.7) and 100% (96.5, 100), and percent agreements of 97.7% (94.6, 99.2) and 99.1% (95.0, 100) in Opt4Kids and Opt4Mamas studies, respectively. When lower viral load thresholds were used and the paired samples were collected an increasing number of days apart, sensitivity, specificity, and percent agreement generally decreased. While specificity and percent agreement were uniformly high, sensitivity was lower than expected. Non-specificity of the standard of care testing may have been responsible for the sensitivity values. Nonetheless, our results demonstrate that GeneXpert may be used reliably to monitor HIV treatment in low- and middle- income countries to attain UNAID’s 95-95-95 HIV goals.
Understanding family-level decision-making when seeking access to acute surgical care for children: Protocol for a cross-sectional mixed methods study
Authors: Hall Bria , Tegge Allison , Cotache Condor Cesia , Rhoads Marie , Wattsman Terri-Ann , Witcher Angelica , Creamer Elizabeth , Tupetz Anna , Smith Emily R. , Reddy Tokala Mamata , Meier Brian , Rice Henry E.
Published: June 2024

Background

There is limited understanding of how social determinants of health (SDOH) impact family decision-making when seeking surgical care for children. Our objectives of this study are to identify key family experiences that contribute to decision-making when accessing surgical care for children, to confirm if family experiences impact delays in care, and to describe differences in family experiences across populations (race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, rurality).

Methods

We will use a prospective, cross-sectional, mixed methods design to examine family experiences during access to care for children with appendicitis. Participants will include 242 parents of consecutive children (0–17 years) with acute appendicitis over a 15-month period at two academic health systems in North Carolina and Virginia. We will collect demographic and clinical data. Parents will be administered the Adult Responses to Children’s Symptoms survey (ARCS), the child and parental forms of the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) survey, the Accountable Health Communities Health-Related Social Needs Screening Tool, and Single Item Literacy Screener. Parallel ARCS data will be collected from child participants (8–17 years). We will use nested concurrent, purposive sampling to select a subset of families for semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis and integrated with quantitative data to identify emerging themes that inform a conceptual model of family-level decision-making during access to surgical care. Multivariate linear regression will be used to determine association between the appendicitis perforation rate and ARCS responses (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes include comparison of health literacy, ACEs, and SDOH, clinical outcomes, and family experiences across populations.

Discussion

We expect to identify key family experiences when accessing care for appendicitis which may impact outcomes and differ across populations. Increased understanding of how SDOH and family experiences influence family decision-making may inform novel strategies to mitigate surgical disparities in children.
The feasibility, appropriateness, and usability of mobile neuro clinics in addressing the neurosurgical and neurological demand in Uganda
Authors: Mukumbya Benjamin , Kitya David , Trillo-Ordonez Yesel , Sun Keying , Obiga Oscar , Deng Di D. , Stewart Kearsley A. , Ukachukwu Alvan-Emeka K. , Haglund Michael M. , Fuller Anthony T.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Uganda has a high demand for neurosurgical and neurological care. 78% of the over 50 million population reside in rural and remote communities where access to neurosurgical and neurological services is lacking. This study aimed to determine the feasibility, appropriateness, and usability of mobile neuro clinics (MNCs) in providing neurological care to rural and remote Ugandan populations.

Methods

Neurosurgery, neurology, and mobile health clinic providers participated in an education and interview session to assess the feasibility, appropriateness, and usability of the MNC intervention. A qualitative analysis of the interview responses using the constructs in the updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was performed. Providers’ opinions were weighted using average sentiment scores on a novel sentiment-weighted scale adapted from the CFIR. A stakeholder analysis was also performed to assess the power and interest of the actors described by the participants.

Results

Twenty-one healthcare providers completed the study. Participants discussed the potential benefits and concerns of MNCs as well as potential barriers and critical incidents that could jeopardize the intervention. Of the five CFIR domains evaluated, variables in the implementation process domain showed the highest average sentiment scores, followed by the implementation climate constructs, inner setting, innovation, and outer setting domains. Furthermore, many interested stakeholders were identified with diverse roles and responsibilities for implementing MNCs. These findings demonstrate that MNC innovation is feasible, appropriate, and usable.

Conclusion

The findings of this study support the feasibility, appropriateness, and usability of MNCs in Uganda. However, integration of this innovation requires careful planning and stakeholder engagement at all levels to ensure the best possible outcomes.
Characterization of Unique Pathological Features of COVID-Associated Coagulopathy: Studies with AC70 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Highly Permissive to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Drelich Aleksandra K. , Rayavara Kempaiah , Hsu Jason , Saenkham-Huntsinger Panatda , Judy Barbara M. , Tat Vivian , Ksiazek Thomas G. , Peng Bi-Hung , Tseng Chien-Te K.
Published: June 2024

COVID-associated coagulopathy seemly plays a key role in post-acute sequelae of SARS- CoV-2 infection. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood, largely due to the lack of suitable animal models that recapitulate key clinical and pathological symptoms. Here, we fully characterized AC70 line of human ACE2 transgenic (AC70 hACE2 Tg) mice for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We noted that this model is highly permissive to SARS-CoV-2 with values of 50% lethal dose and infectious dose as ~ 3 and ~ 0.5 TCID50of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. Mice infected with 105TCID50of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly succumbed to infection with 100% mortality within 5 days. Lung and brain were the prime tissues harboring high viral titers, accompanied by histopathology. However, viral RNA and inflammatory mediators could be detectable in other organs, suggesting the nature of a systemic infection. Lethal challenge of AC70 hACE2 Tg mice caused acute onset of leukopenia, lymphopenia, along with an increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Importantly, infected animals recapitulated key features of COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. SARS-CoV-2 could induce the release of circulating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), along with activated platelet/endothelium marker. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-platelet factor-4 (PF4) antibody revealed profound platelet aggregates especially within blocked veins of the lungs. We showed that acute SARS-CoV-2 infection triggered a hypercoagulable state coexisting with ill-regulated fibrinolysis. Finally, we highlighted the potential role of Annexin A2 (ANXA2) in fibrinolytic failure. ANXA2 is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that forms a heterotertrameric complexes localized at the extracellular membranes with two S100A10 small molecules acting as a co-receptor for tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA), tightly involved in cell surface fibrinolysis. Thus, our results revealing elevated IgG type anti-ANXA2 antibody production, downregulatedde novoANXA2/S100A10 synthesis, and reduced ANXA2/S100A10 association in infected mice, this protein might serve as druggable targets for development of antithrombotic and/or anti-fibrinolytic agents to attenuate pathogenesis of COVID-19.
Teaching Graphic Design: Approaches, Insights, the Role of Listening and 24 Interviews with Inspirational Educators, Sven Ingmar Thies (ed.) (2023)
Authors: Morley Dan
Published: June 2024

Review of: Teaching Graphic Design: Approaches, Insights, the Role of Listening and 24 Interviews with Inspirational Educators, Sven Ingmar Thies (ed.) (2023)

Basel: Birkhäuser, 288 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03562-200-1, p/bk, €42.00

ISBN 978-3-03562-602-5, e-book, €42.00
Vergleich der Interessensbekundungen Studierender vor und nach Beginn der Corona-Pandemie und Vorstellung von SRS-Lernapplikationen
Authors: Bauer Lars
Published: June 2024

Mit der Corona-Pandemie kamen viele digitale Technologien auf den Tisch, die es schon seit langem gibt, die aber bisher nicht für jedermann relevant waren. Die Nutzung dieser Technologien im Arbeits- und Lernalltag veränderten womöglich auch unser generelles Interesse gegenüber digitalen Hilfsmitteln. Ob dieses Interesse auch für artverwandte Technologien des E-Learnings bzw. M-Learnings gilt, habe ich in einer Studie zu Sprachlernapps untersucht.

Die vorliegende Poster-Präsentation beschäftigt sich dabei im Detail mit dem Thema SRS-Lernapplikationen (Lernsysteme, die nach dem
Spaced Repitition System basierend auf Algorithmen funktionieren) und hat zur Absicht einen Vergleich von erhobenen Daten zum generellen Interesse an Lernapplikationen durch Studierende vor und nach Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie zu erläutern. Die vorzustellenden Daten zeigen dabei das generelle Interesse Studierender am Thema auf und beleuchten die Entwicklung der Interessensbekundungen im Laufe der Corona-Pandemie. Anhand einer quantitativen Analyse der Daten soll die These untermauert werden, dass aufgrund der Pandemie und dem damit einhergehenden Fernunterricht sich das Interesse an digitalen Lernmöglichkeiten unter Universitätsstudenten gesteigert hat.

Außerdem möchte ich, zur Verbindung von Theorie und Praxis, leicht in den Unterricht integrierbare Lernapplikationen vorstellen und auf diesem Weg einen Beitrag zur Verbreitung derartiger Lernsysteme in die (unterrichtende) Praxis leisten.
Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs Associated With Eosinophilic Esophagitis Among Commercially Insured Patients in the United States
Authors: Xia Qian , Tencer Tom , Jobson Greeta , Qian Ellen , Dellon Evan S. , Biswas Mousumi
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

To evaluate real-world healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs associated with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in the United States.

METHODS:

Retrospective case-control cohort analysis of Optum Clinformatics claims data (January 2008–September 2020) comparing unadjusted and adjusted HCRU (visits per 1,000 patients per month) and all-cause costs (per patient per month).

RESULTS:

Patients with EoE incurred significantly higher monthly HCRU (adjusted Δ [95% confidence interval]: inpatient visits, 2.8 [0.1–4.0]; emergency department visits, 14.7 [4.3–32.1]; outpatient visits, 388.8 [362.1–418.0]); and costs ($581 [$421–$600]) vs matched controls (all P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

EoE imposes substantial economic burden. More effective and targeted treatments that improve outcomes for patients are needed.
Syariat Islam dan Produksi Pengetahuan Perempuan Aceh
Authors: Roviana Sri
Published: June 2024

Perebutan ruang publik politik di Aceh benar-benar nyata adanya. Kaum perempuan berada dalam posisi marginal secara politik, ekonomi, maupun kultural disebabkan karena pandangan ulama konservatis yang menguasai ranah publik dengan dukungan elit-elit politik lokal, nasional dan Wilayatul Hisbah. Temuan kajian ini menunjukkan posisi perempuan Aceh yang sejak semula telah aktif dalam pergerakan melawan kolonialisme, aktif dalam politik praktis dan kegiatan ekonomi mengalami peminggiran secara sistematis karena adanya kebijakan politik seperti syariat Islam yang dipahami secara normatif, berbeda dengan semangat membela seluruh kepentingan umat manusia. Ditemukan pula secara jelas perempuan berada pada posisi terpinggirkan karena tafsir yang dilakukan sangat formalistik dan male perspective. Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan analisis atas berbagai aktivitas perempuan dalam memproduksi pengetahuan sebagai sarana melakukan perlawanan dan perebutan ruang publik politik secara back stage (secara tersembunyi), bukan dengan cara terang-terangan. Artikel ini menggunakan teori perebutan ruang public yang bersifat hiden transcript model James C Scott dengan menggunakan modal sosial dari Pierre Bourdieu.
 
[The struggle for public political space in Aceh is genuine. Women are in a marginal position politically, economically, and culturally due to the views of conservative ulama who dominate the public sphere with the support of local, national, and Wilayatul Hisbah political elites. The position of Acehnese women, who form the beginning had been active in the movement against colonialism, active in practical politics and economic activities, was systematically marginalized due to political policies such as Islamic law, which was understood normatively, in contrast to the spirit of defending all the interests of humanity. Women are in a marginalized position because the interpretation is the very formalistic and male perspective. This article aims to analyze various women's activities in producing knowledge as a means of resisting and seizing public political space backstage (hidden), not by overtly mobilizing masses, demonstrations, burning public facilities, committing murders, and destroying facilities.]
Gender Bias and Students’ Perceptions of Sexual Harassment in the Academic Setting
Authors: Manda Nabilah Damayanti  , Chandradewi Kusristanti  , Sunu Bagaskara
Published: June 2024

Kasus pelecehan seksual di lingkungan kampus menjadi salah satu isu yang terus bertambah  setiap tahunnya di Indonesia. Meskipun kasus pelecehan seksual di lingkungan kampus semakin tinggi isunya, kasus pelecehan seksual masih sering dianggap sebagai fenomena gunung es, artinya sudah banyak kasus yang terjadi, namun masih sedikit kasus yang dilaporkan. Salah satu pertimbangan yang membuat korban pelecehan seksual enggan melapor adalah penilaian negatif terhadap para pengamat pelecehan seksual. Literatur menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara pengamat laki-laki dan perempuan dalam mempersepsikan bentuk-bentuk perilaku yang dianggap sebagai pelecehan seksual. Perbedaan persepsi tersebut erat kaitannya dengan bias gender yang dimiliki individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara bias gender dan persepsi pelecehan seksual di lingkungan akademis. Tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 246 mahasiswa yang sedang menempuh studi sarjana dan diploma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara bias gender dan persepsi pelecehan seksual. Dengan kata lain, terdapat faktor lain di luar bias gender yang berkaitan dengan persepsi terkait pelecehan seksual pada individu khususnya dikampus.
[Sexual harassment cases in the academic setting are one of the cases that are increasing every year in Indonesia. Although cases of sexual harassment in the academic setting are increasing sexual harassment cases are still often considered like an iceberg phenomenon, which means that there have been many cases that have occurred, but still, few cases have been reported. One consideration that makes victims of sexual harassment reluctant to report is the negative evaluation of sexual harassment bystanders. The literature shows that there are differences between male and female observers in perceiving forms of behavior that are considered sexual harassment. The difference in perception is closely related to the gender bias that individuals have. This study aims to determine the relationship between gender bias and perceptions of sexual harassment in the academic setting. This study uses a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The sample of this study was 246 students who were pursuing undergraduate and diploma studies. The results showed no significant relationship between gender bias and perceptions of sexual harassment. In other words, there are other factors outside of gender bias that are related to perceptions related to sexual harassment in individuals.]
Rowing Between the Currents: ‘Aisyiyah Strategies for Middle Path Feminism
Authors: Syamsiyatun Siti
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang tantangan yang dihadapi ‘Aisyiyah, salah satu organisasi perempuan Islam tertua dan terbesar di Indonesia, ketika ia mengambil posisi tengahan dalam mengembangkan ideologi feminisnya. Ide feminisme yang berkembang di Indonesia berada diantara yang berdasarkan pemikiran sekuler dan agama yang konservatif, serta antara keperempuanan yang berorientasi pada nilai-nilai budaya lokal dan budaya cosmopolitan. Pertanyaan utama adalah, feminisme macam apa yang digagas oleh ‘Aisyiyah, bagaimana wujud empiriknya, serta tantangan-tantangan apa yang dihadapinya. Paper ini merupakan hasil dari riset kepustakaan yang dilakukan penulis dengan pendekatan sejarah feminis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ‘Aisyiyah mendapat tantangan dari kelompok feminis sekular, nasionalis, juga dari kelompok konservatif Islamis. Namun demikian, ‘Aisyiyah tetap tegar, dan kiprahnya menunjukkan bahwa perempuan Muslim Indonesia berperan penting dalam kesejarahan pemberdayaan perempuan melalui berbagai cara, diantaranya berorganisasi untuk melangsungkan usha-usahanya agar dapat tercapai lebih cepat dan berdanpak lebih luas. Diantara usaha itu yang terpenting adalah menyelenggarakan pendidikan untuk kaummperempuan, mendirikan pusat-pusat kesehatan ibu dan anak, pemberdayaan ekonomi mereka, serta penerbitan buku-buku tuntutan dan majalah Suara ‘Aisyiyah, yang telah terbit secara konsisten sejak tahun 1926 hingga hari ini.
[This article discusses the challenges faced by 'Aisyiyah, one of Indonesia's oldest and largest Islamic women's organizations, when it takes a middle position in developing its feminist ideology. The idea of feminism developing in Indonesia is between those based on secular and conservative religious thoughts and between women who are oriented towards local cultural values and cosmopolitan culture. The main question is, what kind of feminism was initiated by 'Aisyiyah, what was its empirical form, and what challenges did it face? This paper results from my library research conducted using a feminist historical approach. The results of the study show that 'Aisyiyah received challenges from secular feminist groups, nationalists, as well as from conservative Islamic groups. However, 'Aisyiyah remains steadfast, and its work confirms that Indonesian Muslim women have played an important role in women's empowerment in various ways, including organizing to carry out their efforts so that they can be achieved more quickly and have a broader impact. Among these efforts, the most important is providing education for women, establishing maternal and child health centers, empowering their economy, and publishing necessary guiding books and the magazine Suara 'Aisyiyah, published consistently from 1926 until today.]
Cuando las estrellas marcan el camino de los filósofos: Anaxágoras y el meteorito de Egospótamos
Authors: Battista Malena Sofía
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo tiene como fin ofrecer una lectura de las posibles repercusiones que la caída de un meteorito era capaz de provocar en los habitantes de la Antigüedad y las interpretaciones que se realizaban en torno a dicho suceso, haciendo especial hincapié en las investigaciones llevadas a cabo sobre el impacto de uno en particular: el meteorito de Egospótamos, el cual, según los registros conocidos hasta el momento, colisionó con la Tierra en el año en el año 467 antes de nuestra era. Al mismo tiempo, se destaca al pensador Anaxágoras que, debido a su curiosidad e interés científico y filosófico, ofreció explicaciones sobre los cuerpos celestes que lo diferenciaron del pensamiento colectivo de su época (motivo por el cual ha sido considerado por sus contemporáneos como aquel que predijo el impacto del meteorito), explicaciones que lo condenaron por impiedad.
Primitive Concepts and the ontological question
Authors: Pino Bernardo
Published: June 2024

Haciendo una distinción entre nociones de concepto epistémica y metafísicamente motivadas, considero las dificultades insuperables que enfrentan las teorías que apelan a nuestras capacidades epistémicas para abordar el problema de la naturaleza de los conceptos. Las teorías de conceptos más importantes sostienen que los conceptos primitivos deben poseer una estructura interna para cumplir aquellas funciones explicativas que científicas y científicos cognitivos les han atribuido a constructos tales como prototipos, ejemplares y teorías. Reivindicando el aporte de la filosofía no experimental en la evaluación de teorías empíricas, planteo que un argumento a favor de la estructura de los conceptos primitivos es independiente del poder explicativo de dichos constructos. El atomismo conceptual proporciona un enfoque alternativo para individualizar conceptos primitivos cuya formulación precisa aún no se ha elaborado. Pese a su impopularidad, la alternativa atomista está en una mejor posición que sus rivales para enfrentar la pregunta acerca de qué tipo de cosas son los conceptos.
Süd-Nord-Gefälle bei industrieller Forschung und Entwicklung?
Authors: Bonkowski Sabine , Legler Harald
Published: June 2024

Viele wissenschaftliche und politische Diskussionen beschäftigen sich mit dem sog. „Süd-Nord-Gefälle“. Aus der Vielzahl von Indikatoren, die zur Beschreibung eines „Süd-Nord-Gefälles“ herangezogen werden, greift sich der folgende Beitrag eine betriebliche Funktion heraus, der eine entscheidende Bedeutung für Innovationsfähigkeit und die künftige wirtschaftliche Entwicklung beigemessen wird: Forschung und Entwicklung (FuE).Die Untersuchung der FuE-Kapazitäten der Wirtschaft – gemessen am Einsatz von FuE-Personal – zeigt über die Bundesländer eine sehr ungleiche Verteilung. Selbst bei Berücksichtigung der spezifischen Sektorstrukturen weist der Norden gegenüber den südlichen Bundesländern erhebliche Rückstände in FuE auf, geht damit mit – ceteris paribus – wesentlich schlechteren Ausgangsbedingungen in die ökonomische Zukunft.
Effects of working memory and task type on syntactic complexity in EFL learners’ writing
Authors: Jiang Lei , Abbuhl Rebekha , Fu Yv
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the predictive power of working memory and task type for syntactic complexity in EFL adult learners’ academic writing. One hundred forty-eight Chinese adult students were recruited as participants. Their working memory was assessed with an operation span task, a set of digit span tasks, and a symmetry span task. The syntactic complexity of their written products from two different TOEFL iBT writing tasks, an integrated writing task and an independent writing task, was measured using a natural language processing tool. Results showed a significant positive association between operation span and coordination in the students’ written products. In addition, a significant difference was found between the integrated task and the independent task with respect to phrasal complexity, with the integrated task eliciting more complex nominals per clause than the independent task. No significant effects were identified for other components of working memory or other measures of syntactic complexity.
Design of geometric flower pattern for clothing based on deep learning and interactive genetic algorithm
Authors: Cong Xu , Zhang Wenjia
Published: June 2024

Geometric and floral models are an important part of clothing and have been used for thousands of years. Although the styles of geometric models and flower models have undergone changes over the centuries, they are still one of the important factors of clothing patterns, the important carrier of aesthetics, and the manifestation of people’s spiritual views and cultural needs. The development and application of digital printing technology have freed people from excessive dependence on sewing and embroidery processes. Therefore, while deeply studying the design of clothing patterns, this work sorted and analyzed the geometric flower models of clothing through interactive genetic algorithms, and optimized programming to enrich the models of clothing with geometric textures. The results showed that the deviation value of geometric flower pattern design was constantly decreasing, while the optimal strategy value was constantly increasing. The mean deviation value was 0.82, which was a decrease of 0.21 on the seventh day compared with the first day; the mean value of the optimal strategy value was 0.84, which was an increase of 0.19 on the seventh day compared with the first day. The visual effect and creativity of the clothing flower pattern design under the interactive genetic algorithm are better than the traditional flower pattern design, and the visual effect and creativity under the interactive genetic algorithm are 9% higher than the traditional one.
Disjoint sections of positive semidefinite matrices and their applications in linear statistical models
Authors: Eagambaram N.
Published: June 2024

Given matrices

A

A

and

B

B

of the same order,

A

A

is called a section of

B

B

if

R

(

A

)

∩
R

(

B
−
A

)

=

{

0

}

{\mathscr{R}}\left(A)\cap {\mathscr{R}}\left(B-A)=\left\{0\right\}

and

R

(

A

T

)

∩
R

(

(

B
−
A

)

T

)

=

{

0

}

{\mathscr{R}}\left({A}^{T})\cap {\mathscr{R}}\left({\left(B-A)}^{T})=\left\{0\right\}

, where

R

(

.

)

{\mathscr{R}}\left(.)

denotes the range (column space) of a matrix argument and the superscript

T

T

stands for the transpose of a matrix. A matrix

G

G

is called positive semidefinite (p.s.d.) if

x

T

G
x

{x}^{T}Gx

is nonnegative for all real vector

x

x

. However, we refer to a symmetric p.s.d. matrix simply as a p.s.d. matrix as the applications discussed in this article are concerned with only symmetric p.s.d. matrices. An

n
×
n

n\times n

p.s.d. matrix

G

G

admits of a symmetric section

G

X

{G}_{X}

of

G

G

with regard to an

n
×
k

n\times k

matrix

X

X

such that

R

(

G

X

)

=
R

(

G

)

∩
R

(

X

)

{\mathscr{R}}\left({G}_{X})={\mathscr{R}}\left(G)\cap {\mathscr{R}}\left(X)

. In this article, sections of the type

G

X

{G}_{X}

are used in minimization of quadratic functions under linear constraints and splitting of vector random variables into uncorrelated vector random variables. In the general Gauss-Markoff model,

y
=
X
β
+
ε

y=X\beta +\varepsilon

, with design matrix

X

X

and a singular covariance matrix

σ

2

G

{\sigma }^{2}G

of

ε

\varepsilon

,

y

y

is decomposed into four uncorrelated vector random variables as

y
=

M

1

y
+

M

2

y
+

M

3

y
+

M

4

y

y={M}_{1}y+{M}_{2}y+{M}_{3}y+{M}_{4}y

, where

M

i

,
i
=
1
,
2
,
3

{M}_{i},i=1,2,3

consist of sections of

G

G

and

X

X

T

X{X}^{T}

, and

M

4

{M}_{4}

is a matrix whose row space is the null space of

G
+
X

X

T

G+X{X}^{T}

.
The City Is the Club Is the City
Authors: Martin Allie
Published: June 2024

Blurring the lines between inside and outside, civic and social, The City Is the Club Is the City is a spectrogram film that asks, “What if the club and the city were the same?” This piece was originally conceived of and created as a part of Tradewinds, an exhibition approaching DC’s go-go music club culture from dual angles of photography and soundscape. Rooted in collaborative research, the exhibition is the culmination of the Nexus Residency wherein photographer Larry Cook and ethnomusicologist Allie Martin worked in tandem to meld their practices, presenting a unified body of new works. Drawing on soundscape recordings created at the iconic corner of 7th Street and Florida Avenue NW, the film features a series of sonic vignettes that blur the lines between inside and outside, between varied publics. Utilizing traffic, club noise, go-go music, bird sounds, and other sonic elements, these vignettes bring background noise to the fore, creating the feeling of being suspended in a doorway where the club is the city, and the city is the club. As each vignette is built from multiple layers of sound, this accompanying essay peels back some of these layers, thinking through what sounds like the city and what sounds like the club, and the benefits to listening to both of these imagined spaces as if they were one. As Washington, DC, continues to gentrify, listening intersectionally in this way is imperative to understanding the intricacies of Black sound in the city.
A Phenomenological Research on the Role of Paradoxical Behaviors of the Team Leader in the Grateful Team Climate
Authors: Ahat Kamil
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the relationship between the feeling of gratitude in team members and paradoxical leadership behavior in a sports team where a grateful team climate is experienced. For this purpose, the feelings, thoughts and experiences of the athletes in a fencing team characterized by the phenomenon of gratitude were consulted. “What are the paradoxical leadership behaviors that make team members feel grateful?” question constitutes the main problem of this research. In collecting research data, in addition to the grateful team climate scale, the team members' experiences within the team were accessed through structured open-ended questions, and the effects of paradoxical leadership behavior were sought in these experiences. Data was analyzed with MAXQDA 24 ANALYTICS Pro. Based on the data obtained in accordance with the phenomenology pattern application, the inter-phenomenal relationships determined were evaluated in the context of the emergence of the gratitude climate and the paradoxical leader's attitudes and behaviors. According to the research findings, it has been concluded that paradoxical leadership attitudes and behaviors have an impact on the formation of a grateful team climate. According to the research findings, it has been concluded that paradoxical leadership attitudes and behaviors have a decisive role in the formation of a grateful team climate.
CHRONOZONAL STRUCTURE OF THE MANGAZEYA SUPERHORIZON IN EASTERN SIBERIA AND ITS PLACE IN THE GLOBAL ORDOVICIAN SCALE
Authors: ТЕСАКОВ Ю.И.
Published: June 2024

Рассмотрена хронозональная структура мангазейского надгоризонта Восточной Сибири, в которую входят листвяжный, баксанский горизонты и их хронозоны. Даны их объемы, стратотипы и показано их место в региональной и глобальной стратиграфической структуре, где мангазей занимает место в средних частях кузьмовского регионального комплекса и карадокского яруса верхнего ордовика. Впервые введены собственные названия для нижнедолборского горизонта – амутканский и верхнедолборского горизонта – черлечинский.

The chronozonal structure of the Mangazeya Superhorizon of Eastern Siberia, which includes the Listvyazhny and Baksan horizons and their chronozones, is considered. Their volumes and stratotypes are given and their place in the regional and global stratigraphic structure is shown, where Mangazeya occupies the middle parts of the Kuzmovsky regional complex and the Caradocian stage of the Upper Ordovician. Proper names for the Lower Dolbor Horizon (Amutkansky) and the Upper Dolbor Horizon (Cherlechinsky) are introduced for the first time