bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patented technologies for schistosomiasis control and prevention filed by Chinese applicants
Authors: Xiong Yan-Hong , Xu Xue-Nian , Zheng Bin
Published: June 2021

Background

Many valuable and productive patented technologies have been developed to control schistosomiasis in China in the past 70 years. We conducted a research to analyse patented technologies for schistosomiasis control and prevention filed by Chinese applicants for determining the future patent layout.

Methods

The patent databases of China National Intellectual Property Administration and Baiten were comprehensively searched, and patented technologies for schistosomiasis control and prevention, published between January 1950 and December 2020 filed by Chinese applicants were sorted on 30 December 2020. The patent types, technical fields, and patent development trends were analysed using patent indexing.

Results

There are 184 valid schistosomiasis control technology patents, among them 128 invention patents. The patents related to schistosomiasis control and prevention technology have gone through the germination, growth, and maturity stages. These phases correspond with three phases in schistosomiasis control in China. The main technical aspects were fundamental research (n = 37), detection (n = 13), chemotherapy (n = 61), and armamentarium/devices (n = 73), of which the number of patents for detection for diagnosis was smaller. The top three specialised technical fields for patents subgroups, focusing on antiparasitic agents, DNA or RNA, vectors and medicines, of which schistosomicides are the major dominant subgroup.

Conclusions

We recommend that technologies to be patented for schistosomiasis control and prevention be focused on detection, preliminary studies for molecular detection methods should be significantly enhanced, and patent layout must be performed, which will, in turn, promote accuracy of early diagnosis, not only in humans but also in livestock. It is necessary to develop more anti-schistosomal drugs safely and effectively, exceptionally eco-friendly molluscicides and herbal extracts anti-schistosomes, improve treatment, develop vaccines for use in humans.

Graphic abstract
The control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in the Philippines: the story continues
Authors: Mationg Mary Lorraine S. , Tallo Veronica L. , Williams Gail M. , Gordon Catherine A. , Clements Archie C. A. , McManus Donald P. , Gray Darren J.
Published: June 2021

Background

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections have long been an important public health concern in the Philippines. In this review, we describe the current status of STH infections there and highlight the control efforts undertaken to reduce STH burden.

Main text

A nationwide STH mass drug administration (MDA) programme was started in 2006 but the overall STH prevalence remains stubbornly high across the Philippines, ranging from 24.9% to 97.4%. The continued increase in the prevalence may have been due to the challenges related to MDA implementation which include the lack of people’s awareness about the importance of regular treatment, misconceptions about the MDA strategy, lack of confidence on the drugs used, fear of adverse events and general distrust of government programs. There are existing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programmes implemented in communities [e.g., Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) program and providing toilet bowls and provision of subsidy for latrine construction] and schools [e.g., WASH in School (WINS) program], but sustained implementation is required to achieve expected outcomes. Although WASH in general is being taught in schools, integration of STH as a disease and community problem in the current public elementary school curriculum is still inadequate. The Integrated Helminth Control Program (IHCP) currently implemented in the country, which is focused on improved sanitation and personal hygiene, health education and preventive chemotherapy, will require continuous appraisal. The sustainability of this programme still continues to be a challenge.

Conclusions

Despite the major efforts to control STH infections for almost two decades in the Philippines, persistently high STH prevalence has been reported across the country, which is likely due to suboptimal MDA coverage and limitations in WASH and health education programs. Sustainable delivery of integrated control approaches will continue to play a pivotal role in the control and elimination of STH in the Philippines.

Graphic abstract
Insight into the use of tympanic temperature during target temperature management in emergency and critical care: a scoping review
Authors: Masè Michela , Micarelli Alessandro , Falla Marika , Regli Ivo B. , Strapazzon Giacomo
Published: June 2021

Background

Target temperature management (TTM) is suggested to reduce brain damage in the presence of global or local ischemia. Prompt TTM application may help to improve outcomes, but it is often hindered by technical problems, mainly related to the portability of cooling devices and temperature monitoring systems. Tympanic temperature (TTy) measurement may represent a practical, non-invasive approach for core temperature monitoring in emergency settings, but its accuracy under different TTM protocols is poorly characterized. The present scoping review aimed to collect the available evidence about TTymonitoring in TTM to describe the technique diffusion in various TTM contexts and its accuracy in comparison with other body sites under different cooling protocols and clinical conditions.

Methods

The scoping review was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were systematically searched to identify studies conducted in the last 20 years, where TTywas measured in TTM context with specific focus on pre-hospital or in-hospital emergency settings.

Results

The systematic search identified 35 studies, 12 performing TTymeasurements during TTM in healthy subjects, 17 in patients with acute cardiovascular events, and 6 in patients with acute neurological diseases. The studies showed that TTywas able to track temperature changes induced by either local or whole-body cooling approaches in both pre-hospital and in-hospital settings. Direct comparisons to other core temperature measurements from other body sites were available in 22 studies, which showed a faster and larger change of TTyupon TTM compared to other core temperature measurements. Direct brain temperature measurements were available only in 3 studies and showed a good correlation between TTyand brain temperature, although TTydisplayed a tendency to overestimate cooling effects compared to brain temperature.

Conclusions

TTywas capable to track temperature changes under a variety of TTM protocols and clinical conditions in both pre-hospital and in-hospital settings. Due to the heterogeneity and paucity of comparative temperature data, future studies are needed to fully elucidate the advantages of TTyin emergency settings and its capability to track brain temperature.
De novo biosynthesis of C-arabinosylated flavones by utilization of indica rice C-glycosyltransferases
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Sun Yuwei , Wang Guangyi , Zhang Ying , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yulian , Li Jianhua , Wang Yong
Published: June 2021

Flavone C-arabinosides/xylosides are plant-originated glycoconjugates with various bioactivities. However, the potential utility of these molecules is hindered by their low abundance in nature. Engineering biosynthesis pathway in heterologous bacterial chassis provides a sustainable source of these C-glycosides. We previously reported bifunctional C-glucosyl/C-arabinosyltransferases in Oryza sativa japonica and O. sativa indica, which influence the C-glycoside spectrum in different rice varieties. In this study, we proved the C-arabinosyl-transferring activity of rice C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs) on the mono-C-glucoside substrate nothofagin, followed by taking advantage of specific CGTs and introducing heterologous UDP-pentose supply, to realize the production of eight different C-arabinosides/xylosides in recombinant E. coli. Fed-batch fermentation and precursor supplement maximized the titer of rice-originated C-arabinosides to 20–110 mg/L in an E. coli chassis. The optimized final titer of schaftoside and apigenin di-C-arabinoside reached 19.87 and 113.16 mg/L, respectively. We demonstrate here the success of de novo bio-production of C-arabinosylated and C-xylosylated flavones by heterologous pathway reconstitution. These results lay a foundation for further optimal manufacture of complex flavonoid compounds in microbial cell factories.
Effect of cone angle of cylindrical pin in the SFSW and DFSW on mechanical properties of AA6061-T6 alloy
Authors: Kazemi Mahdi , Ghiasvand Amir
Published: June 2021

In the present study, the effect of cone angle of tool pin on the mechanical properties and microhardness properties of aluminum alloy AA6061-T6 specimens is investigated for three processes of SFSW, symmetric DFSW, and asymmetric DFSW. In each of the mentioned welding processes, tools with 5 different conical angles of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20° are used. In these three welding processes, the mechanical properties of the final welded joint with conical tools have been enhanced noticeably compared to the tool with simple cylindrical pins (0° angle). Based on the obtained results, it was found that the joints obtained from asymmetric DFSW, symmetric DFSW, and SFSW had the best mechanical properties, respectively. The optimum cone angles for tool pin in SFSW, symmetric DFSW, and asymmetric DFSW processes were equal to 15, 10, and 10°, respectively. In addition, it was concluded that the welded specimen through the asymmetric DFSW with the cone angle of 10° attained the closest mechanical properties to the base (parent) metal. The parameters of YS, UTS, and E% in this sample were 78.3%, 84.8%, and 86.4% of the base sample, respectively.
Importation of Entamoeba histolytica and predominance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in liver abscesses: a 7-year retrospective cohort study from the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Mousa Hussam , Al-Bluwi Ghada Salameh Mohammed , Al Drini Zainab Fathi Mohammed , Gasmelseed Huda Imam , Alkoteesh Jamal Aldeen , Babiker Zahir Osman Eltahir
Published: June 2021

Background

There is a dearth of information on liver abscesses in the United Arab Emirates. Herein, we describe the clinical features of liver abscesses and determine their incidence rates and clinical outcomes.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of adult patients with a primary diagnosis of liver abscess at a major hospital over a 7-year period.

Results

Amongst 45 patients, 82.2% (37/45) had a pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) and 17.8% (8/45) had amoebic liver abscesses (ALA). Overall, patients were young (median age 42 years, IQR 35–52), mostly males (77.8%, 35/45) from the Indian subcontinent (55.6%, 25/45), presented with fever (88.9%, 40/45) and abdominal pain (88.9%, 40/45), and had a solitary abscess on imaging (71.1% (32/45). Crude annual incidence rates were 35.9/100,000 hospital admissions (95% CI 26.2–48.0) and 5.9/100,000 inhabitants (95% CI 4.3–7.9). All ALA patients were from the Indian subcontinent (100%, 8/8). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen in PLA (43.2% [16/37], 95% CI 27.1–60.5%). The hospital stay was shorter in ALA (7.5 days, IQR 7–8.5) than in PLA (14 days, IQR 9–17). No deaths were recorded within 30 days of hospitalisation.

Conclusions

ALA was exclusively seen in migrants from the Indian subcontinent, suggesting importation. Further research to characterise K. pneumoniae isolates and assess potential risk factors is needed.
Effects of Hip Flexion on Knee Extension and Flexion Isokinetic Angle-Specific Torques and HQ-Ratios
Authors: Baumgart Christian , Kurz Eduard , Freiwald Jürgen , Hoppe Matthias Wilhelm
Published: June 2021

Background and Methods

During isokinetic knee strength testing, the knee flexion angles that correspond to the measured torque values are rarely considered. Additionally, the hip flexion angle during seated testing diverges from that in the majority of daily life and sporting activities. Limited information concerning the influence of hip angle, muscle contraction mode, and velocity on the isokinetic knee strength over the entire range of motion (ROM) is available.

Twenty recreational athletes (10 females, 10 males; 23.3 ± 3.2 years; 72.1 ± 16.5 kg; 1.78 ± 0.07 m) were tested for isokinetic knee flexion and extension at 10° and 90° hip flexion with the following conditions: (i) concentric at 60°/s, (ii) concentric at 180°/s, and (iii) eccentric at 60°/s. The effects of hip angle, contraction mode, and velocity on angle-specific torques and HQ-ratios as well as conventional parameters (peak torques, angles at peak torque, and HQ-ratios) were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping and parametric ANOVAs, respectively.

Results

Generally, the angle-specific and conventional torques and HQ-ratios were lower in the extended hip compared to a flexed hip joint. Thereby, in comparison to the knee extension, the torque values decreased to a greater extent during knee flexion but not consistent over the entire ROM. The torque values were greater at the lower velocity and eccentric mode, but the influence of the velocity and contraction mode were lower at shorter and greater muscle lengths, respectively.

Conclusions

Isokinetic knee strength is influenced by the hip flexion angle. Therefore, a seated position during testing and training is questionable, because the hip joint is rarely flexed at 90° during daily life and sporting activities. Maximum knee strength is lower in supine position, which should be considered for training and testing. The angle-specific effects cannot be mirrored by the conventional parameters. Therefore, angle-specific analyses are recommended to obtain supplemental information and consequently to improve knee strength testing.
Recent innovation in benchmark rates (BMR): evidence from influential factors on Turkish Lira Overnight Reference Interest Rate with machine learning algorithms
Authors: Depren Özer , Kartal Mustafa Tevfik , Kılıç Depren Serpil
Published: June 2021

Some countries have announced national benchmark rates, while others have been working on the recent trend in which the London Interbank Offered Rate will be retired at the end of 2021. Considering that Turkey announced the Turkish Lira Overnight Reference Interest Rate (TLREF), this study examines the determinants of TLREF. In this context, three global determinants, five country-level macroeconomic determinants, and the COVID-19 pandemic are considered by using daily data between December 28, 2018, and December 31, 2020, by performing machine learning algorithms and Ordinary Least Square. The empirical results show that (1) the most significant determinant is the amount of securities bought by Central Banks; (2) country-level macroeconomic factors have a higher impact whereas global factors are less important, and the pandemic does not have a significant effect; (3) Random Forest is the most accurate prediction model. Taking action by considering the study’s findings can help support economic growth by achieving low-level benchmark rates.
Inoculation and colonization of isolated entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana in rice plants, Oryza sativa L. through seed immersion method
Authors: Khashaba Etr H. K.
Published: June 2021

Background

The aims of the present study were to isolate and identify native entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana from the Egyptian soil and to evaluate the artificial establishment of B. bassiana as endophytes in rice plants through seeds immersion.

Results

Ten soil samples were collected from different cultivated fields at the Ismailia Governorate. Only one sample was positive with a ratio of 10%. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region indicated that the isolate obtained from the soil sample belongs to B. bassiana and was registered under the accession no. MN337282. To test the endophytic colonization of B. bassiana, rice seeds were soaked by B. bassiana with a concentration of 5 × 107 spores/ml, to test when B. bassiana become an endophyte in rice plants. The plants were examined for endophytic presence of B. bassiana, 30 days post treatment. PCR amplification using fungal specific primers for a conserved region of β-tubulin gene yielded identical 360 bp products from both B. bassiana and rice treated plants.

Conclusion

The results showed that seeds immersion with a conidial suspension proved to be a good method to introduce B. bassiana into rice leaves to protect the rice plants against stem borers.
Ondine’s curse, a fatal infarction diagnosed by polysomnography and saved by ventilation: a case report
Authors: Aref Hany , Roushdy Tamer , Zaki Amr , El Nahas Nevine
Published: June 2021

Background

Lateral medullary syndrome causing Ondine’s curse is a rare yet fatal brainstem infarction. Any patient presenting with lateral medulla infarction ought to be well observed and a polysomnography must be ordered for him.

Case presentation

A patient presenting with Ondine’s curse is dealt with through polysomnography as a diagnostic procedure that was followed by tracheostomy with portable ventilator and cardiac pacemaker as a therapeutic maneuver which ultimately preserved his life.

Conclusion

Lateral medullary syndrome infarct could be a life-threatening stroke if not diagnosed and managed properly.
How patients with schizophrenia “as a Victim” cope with violence in Indonesia: a qualitative study
Authors: Yosep Iyus , Mediani Henny Suzana , Lindayani Linlin , Sriati Aat
Published: June 2021

Background

There is increasing concern about the level of violence and people with schizophrenia. However, research about violence in correlation with schizophrenia mostly focuses on patients as offenders rather than victims. Phenomenology was chosen to explore experience of patients with schizophrenia as a victim coping with violence in Indonesia.

Results

Of the 40 interviewees, average age was 35.8 years old (range 21–43). The 40 patients with schizophrenia comprised 26 males and 14 females. Violence typically included pushing, punching, or kicking, and restrained. The patient’s coping experiences as victims of violence were categorized into three themes: submission (n = 28), expression of anger to object (n = 33), and positive coping strategy (n = 23).

Conclusion

To shorten the evaluation required to choose coping strategies, domestic violence education/psychoeducation would be relevant.
Cost, safety, and rehabilitation of same-stage, bilateral total knee replacements compared to two-stage total knee replacements
Authors: Wan Raymond C. W. , Fan Jason C. H. , Hung Yuk-Wah , Kwok Ka-Bon , Lo Carmen K. M. , Chung Kwong-Yin
Published: June 2021

Background

Many patients experience bilateral knee osteoarthritis and require bilateral total knee replacement (TKR). Same-stage, bilateral TKR is proposed to be a cost-effective and safe solution compared to two-stage, but conflicting results in the literature are reported. We aim to compare the costs, safety, and rehabilitation performance of patients in same-stage versus two-stage, bilateral TKR with our centre’s perioperative protocol.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively reviewed 175 patients (95 same-stage, 80 two-stage) who had undergone bilateral TKR in our centre. Patient selection for same-stage, bilateral TKR was strictly protocol-driven and required fulfilment of all criteria, including age < 75 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1 or 2, body mass index (BMI) < 40, and having non-complex arthritis. All patients followed a standardised pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. The cost, safety profiles, and rehabilitation outcomes were compared between the same-stage and two-stage groups.

Results

The same-stage, bilateral TKR reduced the length of hospital stays by 5.71 days per patient, decreased the operation time by 27.4 min, saved 3.34 (18.6%) physiotherapy sessions, and 3.78 (51.5%) occupational therapy sessions. The same-stage group experienced a higher haemoglobin drop but no significant difference in transfusion percentage, transfusion volume, complication rate, and readmission rate. The two-stage subgroup with anaesthetic risk, age, and BMI similar to the same-stage group showed the same results. Same-stage, bilateral TKR patients experienced no significant difference in final post-operative pain levels and rehabilitation outcomes as two-stage TKR patients.

Conclusion

This study showed that same-stage, bilateral TKR can reduce costs, with similar safety profiles and rehabilitation outcomes compared to the two-stage, bilateral TKR.
Evaluation of mental health and anxiety level among hepatitis C patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Rafique Sadia , Khan Muhammad Saleem , Unar Rabia , Wajid Muhammad , Waheed Ahmad , Umar Ali
Published: June 2021

Background

This study was conducted to check anxiety level and mental stress in the 200 confirmed hepatitis C patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Chinese version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) score index was used to measure the anxiety level of HCV-positive patients. BAI score index of different demographic factors such as gender, age, occupation, and education of all the sampled population was calculated.

Results

The highest BAI score was recorded in people in the age group of 25–45 years (54.5%). Respondents from public sector employees, own businesses, and postgraduates were highly anxious. A significant difference in BAI score was also recorded between male and female respondents as 33.77% of females were at a severe level of anxiety compared to 17.07% of males. Furthermore, quarantined hepatitis C patients had a significantly higher BAI score (39.5) as compared to non-quarantined patients (27.12), and respondents with HCV infection also had a high BAI score of 37.25 compared to healthy individuals (4.1). Most of the respondents were willing to adopt protective measures against COVID-19.

Conclusion

This study concluded that people with infectious diseases like hepatitis C had high anxiety levels and mental stress in the COVID-19 pandemic and needed psychological aids for better mental health to handle pandemic conditions.
Substantial effect of phytochemical constituents against the pandemic disease influenza—a review
Authors: Devi A. Brindha , Sarala R.
Published: June 2021

Background

Influenza is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by the influenza virus. Vaccination and antiviral drugs are the two methods opted to control the disease. Besides their efficiency, they also cause adverse side effects. Hence, scientists turned their attention to powerful herbal medicines. This review put focus on various proven, scientifically validated anti-influenza compounds produced by the plants suggested for the production of newer drugs for the better treatment of influenza and its related antiviral diseases too.

Main body

In this review, fifty medicinal herb phytochemical constituents and their anti-influenza activities have been documented. Specifically, this review brings out the accurate and substantiates mechanisms of action of these constituents. This study categorizes the phytochemical constituents into primary and secondary metabolites which provide a source for synthesizing and developing new drugs.

Conclusion

This article provides a summary of the actions of the herbal constituents. Since the mechanisms of action of the components are elucidated, the pandemic situation arising due to influenza and similar antiviral diseases can be handled promisingly with greater efficiency. However, clinical trials are in great demand. The formulation of usage may be a single drug compound or multi-herbal combination. These, in turn, open up a new arena for the pharmaceutical industries to develop innovative drugs.
ACTH Stimulation Maximizes the Accuracy of Peripheral Steroid Profiling in Primary Aldosteronism Subtyping
Authors: Tezuka Yuta , Ishii Kae , Zhao Lili , Yamazaki Yuto , Morimoto Ryo , Sasano Hironobu , Udager Aaron M , Satoh Fumitoshi , Turcu Adina F
Published: June 2021

Context

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) can contribute to aldosterone excess in primary aldosteronism (PA) via increased melanocortin type 2 receptor expression. Dynamic manipulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis could assist PA subtyping, but a direct comparison of dynamic tests is lacking.

Objective

To investigate plasma steroid differences between aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral PA (BPA) relative to ACTH variations.

Methods

We conducted comprehensive dynamic testing in 80 patients: 40 with APA and 40 with BPA. Peripheral plasma was collected from each patient at 6 time points: morning; midnight; after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression; and 15, 30, and 60 minutes after ACTH stimulation. We quantified 17 steroids by mass spectrometry in response to ACTH variations in all patients and compared their discriminative power between the 2 PA subtypes.

Results

Patients with APA had higher morning and midnight concentrations of 18-hydroxycortisol, 18-oxocortisol, aldosterone, and 18-hydroxycorticosterone than those with BPA (P < 0.001 for all). In response to cosyntropin stimulation, the APA group had larger increments of aldosterone, 18-oxocortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, and 11-deoxycortisol (P < 0.05 for all). Following dexamethasone suppression, the APA group had larger decrements of aldosterone, 18-hydroxycortisol, and 18-oxocortisol (P < 0.05 for all), but their concentrations remained higher than in the BPA group (P < 0.01 for all). The highest discriminatory performance between the PA subtypes was achieved using steroids measured 15 minutes post-ACTH stimulation (area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.957).

Conclusion

Steroid differences between APA and BPA are enhanced by dynamic HPA testing; such noninvasive tests could circumvent the need for adrenal vein sampling in a subset of patients with PA.
IP3-mediated Ca2+ signals regulate larval to pupal transition under nutrient stress through the H3K36 methyltransferase Set2
Authors: Mitra Rishav , Richhariya Shlesha , Jayakumar Siddharth , Notani Dimple , Hasan Gaiti
Published: June 2021

Persistent loss of dietary protein usually signals a shutdown of key metabolic pathways. In Drosophila larvae that have reached a ‘critical weight’ and can pupariate to form viable adults, such a metabolic shutdown would needlessly lead to death. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated calcium (IP3/Ca2+) release in some interneurons (vGlutVGN6341) allows Drosophila larvae to pupariate on a protein-deficient diet by partially circumventing this shutdown through upregulation of neuropeptide signaling and the expression of ecdysone synthesis genes. Here, we show that IP3/Ca2+ signals in vGlutVGN6341 neurons drive expression of Set2, a gene encoding Drosophila Histone 3 Lysine 36 methyltransferase. Furthermore, Set2 expression is required for larvae to pupariate in the absence of dietary protein. IP3/Ca2+ signal-driven Set2 expression upregulates key Ca2+-signaling genes through a novel positive-feedback loop. Transcriptomic studies, coupled with analysis of existing ChIP-seq datasets, identified genes from larval and pupal stages that normally exhibit robust H3K36 trimethyl marks on their gene bodies and concomitantly undergo stronger downregulation by knockdown of either the intracellular Ca2+ release channel IP3R or Set2. IP3/Ca2+ signals thus regulate gene expression through Set2-mediated H3K36 marks on select neuronal genes for the larval to pupal transition.
Metabolic decisions in development and disease
Authors: Mosteiro Lluc , Hariri Hanaa , van den Ameele Jelle
Published: June 2021

The intimate relationships between cell fate and metabolism have long been recognized, but a mechanistic understanding of how metabolic pathways are dynamically regulated during development and disease, how they interact with signalling pathways, and how they affect differential gene expression is only emerging now. We summarize the key findings and the major themes that emerged from the virtual Keystone Symposium ‘Metabolic Decisions in Development and Disease’ held in March 2021.
Development of Incidence and Surgical Treatment of Penile Cancer in Germany from 2006 to 2016: Potential Implications for Future Management
Authors: Groeben Christer , Koch Rainer , Kraywinkel Klaus , Buttmann-Schweiger Nina , Baunacke Martin , Borkowetz Angelika , Thomas Christian , Huber Johannes
Published: June 2021

Background

Penile cancer is a rare disease and surgical treatment often entails a significant impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in surgical treatment patterns in Germany.

Methods

We analyzed data from the nationwide German hospital billing database and the German cancer registry from 2006 to 2016. All penile cancer cases with penile surgery or lymph node dissection (LND) were included. We also analyzed the distribution of cases, extent of surgery, and length of hospital stay, stratified for annual caseload. The geographical distribution of centers for 2016 was presented.

Results

During the investigated timespan, tumor incidences increased from 748 to 971 (p = 0.001). We identified 11,353 penile surgery cases, increasing from 886 to 1196 (p < 0.001), and 5173 cases of LND, increasing from 332 to 590 (p < 0.001). Cases of partial amputation increased from 45.8 to 53.8% (p < 0.001), while total amputation remained stable at 11.2%. Caseload in high-volume hospitals increased from 9.0 to 18.8% for penile surgery (p < 0.001) and from 0 to 13.1% for LND (p < 0.001). The increase in LND caseload was caused by an increase in inguinal LND, from 297 to 505 (p < 0.001), with increasing sentinel LND, from 14.2 to 21.9% (p = 0.098). The assessment of geographical distribution of cases in Germany revealed extensive areas without sufficient coverage by experienced centers.

Conclusions

We saw consistent increases in penile surgery and LND, with a growing number of cases in high-volume hospitals, and, accordingly, an increase in tumor incidence. The increasing use of inguinal LND and organ-preserving surgery reflect the adaptation of current guidelines; however, geographical distribution of experienced centers could be improved.
STRATEGI NEGOSIASI DAN KONSEP KONTRAK PEMASARAN PADA KELOMPOK USAHA TEMPE DI MEDOKAN SEMAMPIR KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Imelda C. Vieta , Ferriswara Dian , Djoko B Agustiawan
Published: June 2021

Medokan Semampir Surabaya has a tempe business group chaired by Mrs. Pujianti, where when she founded her business for the first time, the tempe industry was one of the household agro-industries with great potential to be developed. Constraints on agreements between entrepreneurs and buyers who are large entrepreneurs whose credit payment patterns make entrepreneurs afraid of not being paid, so there is a need for an appropriate agreement for the security of both parties, with assistance in writing letters by legal practitioners and law teachers to make the agreement safe. Promotional assistance in the form of digital marketing also makes sales increase to buyers outside of existing ones. The purpose of this community service is to make micro entrepreneurs understand and be familiar with the safe sale and purchase legal agreements for sellers and buyers and to start entering the virtual world for selling their tempe products. This community service methodology is by direct assistance to entrepreneurs to make sales agreements and create social media accounts for digital marketing. The results of this community service are in the form of a letter of agreement and a social media account for tempe entrepreneurs.
EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENT UNDERSTANDING IN UTILIZING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TRADITIONAL DRUGS AT SMK PUTRA BANGSA SALATIGA
Authors: Abdul Ahwan , Mustaan Mustaan , Suwarni Anik
Published: June 2021

Indonesia is a country that has the most plant biodiversity in the world, so that students and the government can take advantage of this biodiversity in preventing or adding complementary therapies to a disease. This utilization effort can increase the socio-economic level of Indonesian students. This service is carried out to be a solution to provide information and understanding to vocational students about the use, efficacy and safety of medicinal plants to assist the treatment process by utilizing the use of traditional medicinal plants, which schools only receive this information. So that vocational school graduates can later open their own business in the development of traditional medicines by knowing in advance the benefits, properties and safety of these traditional medicines. The method used in this service is through providing information on medicinal plants that are used as a preventive and promotive effort in treating existing diseases. This service is carried out to provide benefits, efficacy and safety to students of SMK Putra Bangsa Salatiga. Students get information about how to use medicinal plants in their environment so that they can be used if they have graduated or not
Strategic Priorities for Innovative Development of Entrepreneurship
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Paderin I. , Horiashchenko Y. ,   University of Customs and Finance
Published: June 2021

The article provides a critical review of the achievement of the target indicators of the Strategy for the Development of the Sphere of Innovation and other government programs. The advantages and importance of strategic innovative development of entrepreneurship for society and the state are determined. The exclusive role of planning in the management system for innovative development is emphasized. The existing contradictions between the general directions and methods of solving the problems of innovative development (financing of R&D, development of education, etc.) are emphasized. The matrix of application of technical innovations in the areas of development B2, C2, G2 is presented. The timeline projects of the Ministry of Digital Transformation, the Ministry of Education, the National Bank of Ukraine and other state bodies regulating innovative development in the country are assessed. The importance of strengthening the control function in managing the innovative development of entrepreneurship has been proven, in particular, strengthening the responsibility of government bodies in priority areas: entrepreneurship, science, technology, innovation, space industry, education. It is proposed to create a coordinating body capable of developing and monitoring the implementation of a unified strategy for innovative development with the participation of all ministries and departments in the context of real Ukrainian economic opportunities, comparable to financial and technological ones.
Development of the Infrastructure of the National Innovation System
Authors:   LLC ", Oleksenko L. ,   Institute of Innovative Bioeconomics"
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the production and technological facilities of the innovation infrastructure of the national innovation system. The objects of innovation infrastructure are classified by grouping them into three subsystems. The practice of creation and functioning of Ukrainian technoparks is studied, the functions of technopark management bodies are given. The directions of activity of science parks are considered. The types of business incubators operating on the territory of Ukraine have been established. Attention is paid to the types of industrial parks. The problems faced by industrial parks in the field of their creation and operation have been clarified. Factors and problems influencing the functioning of production and technological innovation infrastructure have been identified. Further directions of research of this theme are offered.
Analysis of the Main Trends in the Development of the Sphere of the Innovation Activity in Ukraine
Authors:   Kyiv Institute of Intellectual Property and Law of the National University ", Diachenko N. ,   Odessa Law Academy", Diachenko V. ,   CIET HOLDING LLC
Published: June 2021

The article notes that in modern conditions of the transitivity of the economy, the basic component of the mechanism for forming the foundations of sustainable development is to ensure the competitiveness of domestic goods and services in the national and international markets. For the purpose of analyzing the state, pressing problems and prospects of innovative development in Ukraine, quantitative and qualitative indicators of innovative activity have been investigated. It was revealed that during 2010-2019 there was a decrease in the number of organizations engaged in research activities and the number of employees engaged in research and development. It was found that, according to the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, there is a tendency to an increase in expenditures (in million UAH) on research activities, but this was due to the depreciation of the hryvnia, because in dollar terms, there has been a decrease in the level of funding since 2014. It was revealed that in accordance with the ratings of the European Innovation Scoreboard 2020, Ukraine loses its positions every year – 34th place in 2014, 35th place during 2015-2018, 36th place in 2019 year and the penultimate 38th in 2020, ahead of only Romania. Taking into account the fact that the financial support of innovative activity in Ukraine is still very limited, in order to form the prerequisites for its increase, it is necessary to introduce a set of measures to mobilize existing and potential financial resources, including by attracting investments.
Strategic Focuses for Sustainable Economic Development in the Context of Ukraine’s Commercial Opportunities on Global Market
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Khandii O. , Kramchaninova M. ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University
Published: June 2021

The article studies the impact of global foreign economic environment’s changes contextual to Ukraine’s strategic development opportunities in a field of world commerce. Discourse exhibits the description of factors, influencing the international commercial and industrial foundation, as well as benefiting the opportunities’ optimization for Ukraine in terms of structural remodeling of the country’s economy. Drawing upon existing capabilities regarding Ukraine’s economic potency, authors define strategic benchmarks for achieving certain sustainable development in relation to external commercial opportunities, by harmonization of the regional and external development strategies. Correspondence between Ukraine’s needs in attracting investment, as well as technological innovation necessary for growth of the industrial segment, and economic needs of the developed countries to have a strategically important partner in a context of safe trouble-free capital deployment and use of comparative advantages in a field of commerce – provides a stimulate for establishing a long-term partnership and for engagement of Ukrainian manufacturers in participation in global value chains. The government’s task is to direct efforts towards supporting the interest of the leading members of the international market in Ukraine’s technological and industrial potential. Considering the conceptual problems of this country’s development, the implementation of a development strategy was proposed, targeting at simultaneous strengthening of the export power and development of a stable, diversified domestic market. Promotion of the economy’s diversification strategy and of the highly technological branches’ development, with the help of innovations will create a market, that easily supplies partners for the purpose of organizing efficient value chains. That will also contribute to strengthening of interregional business communications by means of intensification of regional and industry-specific involvement and expansion of cross-sectoral cooperation.
Problems of Pension Development in Ukraine in the Context of Social Protection
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Bolotina Ye. , Shubna O. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Byvsheva L. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kolesnykova H. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the pension system in Ukraine as a component of social protection. The structure of the three-tier pension system is given. The principles of realization of the process of reforming the pension system of Ukraine are determined. Problems of domestic development of pension provision are considered in stages. The first stage (1991-2004) was the period of Ukraine's use of the old norms on pensions, which was characteristic of the command-and-control economy. The second period (2004-2009) is a period of active discussion and adoption of a number of documents on the construction of a three-tier pension system. 2010-2014 – the third period of significant changes in the mandatory pension insurance. The fourth period – 2014-2018 – the period of introduction of strict restrictions and freezing of pension indexation. The dynamics of expenditures and revenues of the Pension Fund of Ukraine for 2016-2019 is analyzed. It is determined that the main reasons for the increase in arrears of payments to the Pension Fund are: non-payment of obligations on the amount of SDRs by individual entrepreneurs; lack of funds to finance current liabilities of state-owned enterprises to reimburse the amounts of actual costs for the payment and delivery of preferential pensions and debt repayment.
Effective Use of Intellectual Potential as a Priority of Economic Development Implementation
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ostrovska Н.
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the realities and prospects for effective use of intellectual potential in Ukraine. The problems of identifying a new domestic economy socio-economic development paradigm are identified. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the main driving force of society is a highly intelligent man as a creator, while intelligence and knowledge become the driving force of value creation. It is argued that the development and intellectual potential effective use in Ukraine can provide competitive education, leading science and innovative technologies that harmoniously correlate with the cultural and spiritual heritage of the nation and the high moral values of society. A set of measures for the development and intellectual potential effective implementation in the formation of a knowledge-based economy is outlined.
Features of Public Administration in the Conditions of Digital Transformation of Ukraine
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Simakov K. , Valina V. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Launikonis V. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Budoviy M. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: June 2021

The article examines the features of public administration of digital development and the processes of digital transformation of Ukrainian society. The current situation of digitalization of Ukraine, new digital trends and efficiency of state institutions are analyzed. It is determined that the implementation of an active state policy and effective work of state institutions and the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine is necessary. The main problems that may arise in the process of applying digital technologies in public administration are identified. It is proved that digital transformations in the public sector of Ukraine are the basis of its reform and a potential example for the whole country, how to use the advantages of the "digital" world, which will significantly stimulate the development of open information society as one of the essential factors of democracy in Ukraine. productivity, economic growth, job creation, as well as improving the quality of life of Ukrainian citizens.
State Regulation of Socio-Economic Recovery of Ukrainian Donbass (Memoir-Analytical Review of Alternative Government Decisions Taken in 1991-2020). Part 2. Strategic Social Planning of a Unitary State in the Implementation of Budget Federalism
Authors:   Institute of Physical Economy named after S. A. Podolynskyi, Stolyarov V.
Published: June 2021

The article reveals the possibilities of implementing the doctrine of three "S": social forecasting, social planning and social management in the formation of strategies for regional development of Luhansk and Donetsk regions and Ukraine as a whole. The main components of budgetary federalism of the unitary state with definition of coordinated borders of financial independence of Ukrainian Donbass and state regulation by reproduction of economic and vital activity of the population are considered. The results of the study, the subject of which were the leading components of scientific and methodological support of socio-economic recovery of Ukrainian Donbass, are presented in the form of a memoir-analytical review of fateful state and possible alternative solutions. The object of the study was the chronology, essence, content and validity of decisions. The working hypothesis of the review was to find out the origins of the civil-military conflict between the national authorities in 2014 and the population of Ukrainian Donbass, identifying the causes and factors of the tragedy of both sides 7 years ago in the context of "terror" and "terrorism". The features of state and international terrorism sanctified by Wikipedia are considered and their manifestation in the national economy in the processes of introduction of Anglo-Saxon model of open market economy is generalized. The reduction of the role of state influence on regional development in the development of long-term development strategies to achieve the 7th Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 and 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the period up to 2030 is revealed. The absence of a "goal tree" in the hierarchy and in the time of its coordination with the MDG, SDG and human development indicators was revealed. The close connection of International Geopolitical Business with the holding of the First (2004) and Second (2014) Maidans in Kyiv, the launch of the "ATO" project was revealed. Author's versions of state decisions on the transition of unitary Ukraine to model of budget federalism to strengthen its independence and sovereignty as an alternative to the "ATO" project are revealed. In contrast to the deliberately falsified information on the rating of 2013 of regional human development in Luhansk and Donetsk regions according to the National Methods of 2001, 2012, it is possible to predict 33 indicators of the Regional Human Development Index: 22 growth stimulators and 11 development disincentives. Thanks to this, the strategic and operational goals of the socio-economic reconstruction of Luhansk and Donetsk regions of Ukrainian Donbass have been determined.
At the Crossbreaks of Time... My Chronicle of Half a Century. Essay. Part one
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Makogon Yu.
Published: June 2021

An autobiographical attempt to tell about the time in which he lived, became who he is now, and the need to tell about the experienced, and still experiencing, the consequences of changing times ... Each author has his own vision, in the formation of which many factors mattered : the state of society, education, a profession that has lost and gained age – and so can be listed indefinitely.