bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of a New Model of Pig Circular Economy Breeding under Intelligent Agriculture
Authors: Gong Xiaoyan , Ji Yatong , Yue Zhenglin , Chen Hongyu , Chen Yingying , Tang Hongyi , Liu Tonghai
Published: September 2020

In order to solve the problems of single mode and serious pollution of large-scale breeding, random site selection, unreasonable layout, neglect of information technology update and development, low technology content and other issues in the traditional pig breeding mode, through exploring circular economy, intelligent agriculture mode and analysing data, the optimal breeding mode-pig circular economy breeding mode under intelligent agriculture was finally explored. The whole new model is based on the sales analysis of “internet +” to obtain the number and scale of cultivation. After scientific and reasonable site selection and layout using “3S”technology, a new model of organic circulation unification of intelligent pig cultivation, intelligent waste treatment, and intelligent cultivation of feed crops. It has opened up a new way for pig breeding mode.
Wind Load Evaluation of Wind Turbine Tower Design
Authors: Wu Enjun , Chen Hongjun , Qu Wenfeng , Huo Chong , Liang Zhengzhao , Huang Xiangzhao , Li Zhenrong , Li Hang , He Bin , Yang Tao , Shen Zhongming
Published: September 2020

According to the current main wind turbine design specifications, the necessary parameters for wind load assessment of wind turbine tower are discussed. According to IEC61400-1 (IEC2019) and Japan’s Guidelines for Design of Wind Turbine Support Structures and Foundations (JG2010), the wind load assessment of the tower structure of a 2MW horizontal axis generator is carried out, and the calculation results are compared. It can be seen from the comparison that the design value from the evaluation formula of JG2010 and the design value from the load condition of IEC2019 by using GH bladed simulation matches well. The main reason is that the evaluation formula of JG2010 itself is derived according to the response spectrum method. So, JG2010 is a good reference for the design of domestic wind turbines and the formulation of relevant specifications.
Simulations for a New Phase-Field Model for Phase Transitions Driven by Configurational Forces
Authors: Chen Mei
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we shall investigate an initial (Neumann-) boundary value problem for a phase-field model proposed about a decade ago by Alber and Zhu to describe structural phase transitions driven by configurational forces, and this model differs from the famous Allen-Cahn model by a non-smooth term of the gradient of an order parameter. Numerical examples show that how the total energy for the Alber-Zhu model evolves with different values of the mobility coefficient and isotropic interfacial energy coefficient. Also a numerical comparison with the Allen-Cahn model shows that solutions to the Alber-Zhu model reach their equilibrium much faster than those to the Allen-Cahn model, moreover, the algorithms are more stable.
Adsorption of Methyl Blue by Maize Waste Based Biochar: Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms
Authors: Mu Weina , Bao Decai , Chang Chun , Lian Fei
Published: September 2020

Different residue sections from maize were used as the raw materials to prepare biochars through pyrolysis under oxygen-limited conditions, and their adsorption efficiencies were compared. The results showed that leaf derived biochar had a best adsorption performance for methyl blue (MB) than other residues. It is interesting that the correlation coefficient (R
2) was affected by the dosage of leaf biochar, indicating that the adsorption mechanism was influenced by the dosage of adsorbent. Elovich model was suitable for the low dose of adsorbent while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was more appropriate for the high dose of adsorbent. The adsorption of MB onto biochar was governed by chemisorption as well as bulk and surface diffusion, and was mainly controlled through the chemisorption. The adsorption kinetics of MB from leaf derived biochar could be well described by a first-order, two-compartment model under the dose of leaf derived biochar. MB adsorption onto leaf derived biochar was likely controlled by heterogeneous processes with multilayer adsorption, and the process could be governed by multiple mechanisms through the analysis of adsorption isotherms.
Calculation and Analysis of the Effective Utilization Coefficient of Irrigation Water in Kaizhou District of Chongqing
Authors: Zhu Guangping , Xu Zongjiang , Liu Shujing , Zhang Weihua
Published: September 2020

The paper takes Kaizhou District of Chongqing as the research object, and 6 sample irrigation districts were selected as a representative. And calculate the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in the sample point irrigation area of Kaizhou District by using the head-tail method. The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in the whole district is based on that of in the sample irrigation area. Through statistical analysis, it is concluded that the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in Kaizhou District in 2019 is 0.4994.The research results can effectively support the assessment of the most stringent water resources management system in Kaizhou District, and can also provide a certain reference for the development of agricultural efficient water-saving irrigation.
Review on Fatigue Performance of Aluminum Alloys after Creep Age Forming
Authors: Yang Dalian , Liang Mou , Miao Jingjing , Zhang Hongxian
Published: September 2020

The process and characteristics of creep age forming technology was introduced. The influence of the creep age forming process on the fatigue performance on aviation aluminum alloy was discussed. Researches from three aspects were reviewed respectively–the fatigue damage mechanism of the creep age forming material, the influence of creep age forming process parameters on the performance of material fatigue, and creep age formed material life prediction mode. The trend of the creep age forming technology and the problems that may exist in its application in the field of aerospace were analysed. Finally, the major research direction was pointed out that fatigue properties of aluminum alloy materials and components based on the creep age forming technology should be studied deeply.
Study on Dispersant of Hydrogen Peroxide-Oxalic Acid Polishing Slurry in Chemical Mechanical Polishing of 304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Wang Yongsheng , Xu Rui , Wang Yipu , Wang Zhankui , Su Jianxiu
Published: September 2020

Flexible display has become a research hotspot for next-generation display technology. Stainless steel materials will become one of the main materials for flexible large-size display substrates, and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) technology will be one of the most practical processing technologies to achieve super-smooth, non-destructive surface of stainless steel material. In this paper, through a series of experiments, the material removal rate and surface roughness of hydrogen peroxide oxidizer under different dispersants and different dispersant contents were studied. The results shown that when the content of dispersant sodium hexametaphosphate is 1.2% wt, the material removal was the largest, which was 146nm / min. the surface roughness after CMP was relatively low, Ra = 10nm. Sodium hexametaphosphate was selected as the dispersant of the solution. The research results provided a reference for further study of 304 stainless steel chemical mechanical polishing fluid.
Rapid Crack Detection Method of High-grade Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Ying Hong , Tian Wenkang , Li Jiaxin , Dong Haoyin
Published: September 2020

A new fast automatic repaired crack detection method of high-grade cement concrete pavement was realized through inhibition of groove, image enhancement, crack extraction and crack stitching in the low-resolution images using wavelet decomposition on the basis of in-depth feature analysis of repaired cracks. In addition, the modified crack identification algorithms were discussed in detail with joints, strip stains and traffic markings. It has significantly improved the processing speed by reducing image resolution and the applying one-dimensional convolution template instead of two-dimension. Large sample tests showed that recognition rate close to 94%.
Evidence of Polarons and Bipolarons in a Chemically Pressurized BiAlErCCeOy: A Monte-Carlo ion Bombardment Approach
Authors: M.E. Emetere , S.A. Afolalu
Published: September 2020

The polarons and bipolarons theory of superconductivity has gained so much recognition in under-doped and over-doped cuprates compound. However, the dynamics of polarons and bipolarons in both aforementioned settings is a little trivial owing to the established theories of electron-phonon interactions. In this study, we investigated the role of polarons and bipolarons in a chemically pressurized compound i.e., using Monte Carlo ion bombardment approach was 99999 ions were used in the experiment. It was observed that 4995 ions was used break the first layer of the material. The remaining 95004 ions oscillates within an equilibrium that suggest the presence of a periodic lattice i.e., in whom condensate flows without resistance. Based on this discovery it is suggested that BiAlErCCeOy may be a superconductor.
A Geometric Parameter Study of Re-Entrant Honeycomb Obstruction Block
Authors: Chen Luning , Wang Shuai , Zhou Kaifa , Li Zhong , Guo Dongling
Published: September 2020

As a kind of protective equipment, obstruction block is playing an important role in traffic accidents. In this work, a novel re-entrant honeycomb obstruction block (RHOB) with negative Poisson’s ratio was proposed. The energy-absorbing performances under static compression were examined and the influences of re-entrant angle, α material thickness t and aspect ratio γ on deformation behaviours of RHOB were investigated with finite element method (FEM). It is demonstrated that RHOB has distinguished bearing capacities and energy-absorbing properties compared to traditional honeycomb obstruction block (THOB). Besides, with the reduction of re-entrant angle α, the negative Poisson’s ratio of RHOB is decreased. Also, RHOB has notable bi-directional stabilities with a proper range of aspect ratio γ. And the increasing material thickness t enhances stiffness of RHOB. These findings highlight that a well-constructed re-entrant honeycomb obstruction block has extraordinary mechanical properties and can be widely applied in practical engineering.
The Design of a New Type of Surgical Forceps for Ankylotomy
Authors: Jiang Ai , Zhang Qiang , Tang Wei , Wang Qi
Published: September 2020

In view of the existing clinical problems, we designed a new type of surgical forceps for ankylotomy. Through expounding the structure of the forceps, we analyzed the design and application principle. Using the novel forceps, we can fully expose the mouth floor and fix the tongue body well. The new type of surgical forceps is simple in structure, scientific in design and convenient in use.
Research on Test Method about Coupling Effect of Ultra Low Temperature and Mechanic Force
Authors: Ji Chenyu , Li Yang , Xie Zhongzhi , Yuan Qijie , Feng Wenqi , Ding Geyuan
Published: September 2020

This paper introduces the structure and application method of the self-designed ultra-low temperature mechanical loading test chamber, which can be used to study the coupling effect on building materials induced by temperature change and mechanic force. The results show that the lowest temperature in the chamber can reach to - 169 °C, which can cool the building materials to any specified temperature within 20°C and -169°C. The chamber has the functions of accurately controlling the temperature in the chamber and changing the force on the specimen independently, so that the specimen can always be in the coupling effect induced by temperature change and mechanic force. And the coupling correlation between such two effects can be tested by the device outside of the chamber.
Error Compensation Strategy for Roll Gap of Roller Crusher Based on Adaptive Reference Model
Authors: Yang Yinwei , Fan Kai
Published: September 2020

Roll gap between the two rollers of crusher is adjusted constantly to satisfy the particle size of output material. In order to realize convenient adjustment, a roll gap control scheme based on hydraulic technology is designed and optimized in this paper. And an adaptive reference model is applied to compensate synchronous error of the rollers. Then simulation model and algorithm structure are elaborated subsequently. Finally, an experiment platform is built to validate the performance of the proposed approach.
Fast Calculation of Material Radiation Damage by GPU Accelerated TRIM
Authors: Qi Meiling , Zhang Yanshi , Duan Jizheng , Chen Xiaolong , Yang Qiong , Yang Lei
Published: September 2020

An important function of TRIM is to research the radiation damage of ions implanted into materials. In this paper, GPU accelerated TRIM is developed for the fast calculation in study of material radiation bombarded by ions. The vacancies of iron induced by protons, alpha and carbon were simulated by GPU-TRIM. It reproduces the results well with SRIM2013. In the GPU test platform, TRIM achieves thousands of times the speed-up ratio.
Potential Development of Green Open Space and Forest of Pahandut Seberang Village, City of Palangka Raya
Authors: Hamidah N , Garib T W , Nindito D A , Santoso M
Published: September 2020

The research location is located in the village of Pahandut Seberang as a new village developed by Pahandut Village. Pahandut Seberang Village has vacant land in the form of forests and swamps that have not yet been developed as one of the potential development areas. Identification of a new green open space potential area is using figure ground analysis and history of place analysis. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of the green open space and the development of urban forest tourism. The potential location is expected Pahandut Seberang Village, District of Pahandut, City of Palangka Raya. This location is closed to the Kahayan riverside area as a pilot project to environmental management and sustainability area in the future. The method uses qualitative methods through observation, surveys and interviews. Physical analysis is to identify green open space area in Pahandut Seberang Village using field observations such as: (1) land use development, (2) green open space area, and (3) built up area. Non-physical analysis is using of indepth interview from Pahandut Seberang community as a part of real participation to maintain the green open space and forest area in the future.
The Influence of Bamboo Fibers as Additive on the Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Yusra A , Salena I Y , Raka I G , Saputra E
Published: September 2020

The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of bamboo fiber on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete. The fiber was taken 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% against the weight of cement. The mix design conducted using weight comparison method. The test carried out at 28 and 56 days. The compressive and tensile strength test 28 days showed concrete obtained an average value of 62.47 MPa and 3.444 MPa for 0%, 59.83 MPa and 4.246 MPa for 0.5%, 59.07 MPa and 4.907 MPa for 1%, 54.92 MPa and 5.379 MPa for 1.5% bamboo fiber. The test at 56 days obtained 62.56 MPa and 4.907 MPa results with 0%, 60.77 MPa and 5.143 MPa at 0.5%, 59.82 MPa and 5.331 MPa at 1%, 55.11 MPa and 5.426 MPa with 1.5% use of bamboo fiber. The decrease in compressive strength on test 28 days occurred, which was close to the strength design, and there was an increase in the 56-day test. Tensile strength test of 28 and 56 days show an increase in each percentage of bamboo fiber added, where the optimal value obtained from the addition of 1.5% bamboo fiber.
Study on Partial Replacement of Sand with Fly Ash in Concrete Mixes Based on Pozzolanic Cementing Efficiency to the Strength-Weight and Cost-Strength Ratio
Authors: Mujiburrakhman M , Widodo S
Published: September 2020

The utilization of fly ash as sand partial replacement in concrete mix is an alternative solution for the depletion of sand resources in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research evaluates the effect of sand partial replacement with fly ash to the strength-weight and cost-strength ratio of concrete mixes. The strength-weight ratio was used for mechanical evaluation with higher value considered as better, while cost-strength ratio indicates its economic efficiency with lower value means more efficient. Four groups of test specimens with different amounts of fly ash were evaluated for its mechanical performance and economic efficiency. Various percentages of fly ash, sequentially 0%, 20%, 35%, and 50% were implemented in the mixes based on partial weight replacement of its components and the water-binder ratios were calculated based pozzolanic cementing efficiency method. The compressive strength was evaluated on 14 concrete cylinders with 150mm diameter and 300mm length for each variant that cured in 28 days water immersion. Test results shows that fly ash addition tend to reduce material cost and density of concretes, yet the compressive strength was not lower compared to normal concrete. Therefore, fly ash added concrete can be justified as better in mechanical performance and economically more efficiency.
Risk Management Affecting the Cost and Time of the Structure Work Development Project of High-Level Building (A Case Study of the Alton Apartment Tembalang City Semarang Project)
Authors: Husodo I T , Suwandi P A P , Gunawan A
Published: September 2020

Risk prevention using risk management is a process of identifying, measuring, ascertaining risk and developing strategies to manage risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the cost and time on the structure work of The Alton Apartment Development Project. The process is carried out through the identification stage, the analysis phase, and the risk response stage. The identification stage is done through a literature study, then the next step is to conduct a survey with the first stage questionnaire to validate the risks that occur. The analysis phase to determine the dominant risk is done by estimating the frequency and impact on costs and time, then classified with the Probability Impact Grid The risk response stage is to provide a risk response or a risk prevention solution. From the results of the study, there are six factors that affect costs and time, among others, the placement of moving material, the occurrence of loading and unloading queues, delays in the delivery of material, the existing utility systems that are not detected, and the low productivity of equipment. Having known these risk factors, precautions are taken to minimize the risk factors by providing a solution.
Structure Analysis of Cold-Formed Steel Roof Truss Post Office Branches Loa Janan
Authors: Pranoto Y , Jepriani S
Published: September 2020

Steel is one of the most widely used construction material for structural systems in modern construction. In recent years, Cold formed steel (CFS) sections-which is being another major type of steel sections and found to be an alternative to the familiar Hot rolled steel sections. The purpose of this research is to choose the best CFS products in terms of strength and safety which use for Loa Janan post office. This study begins by collecting primary and secondary data. Then look for references in CFS products in the field. In this study there is 4 CFS brands (Taso, Cici, Truss, and Kaso product). Than the sample of product will be testing in the laboratory. The loading is carried out guide [1]. Than to analyse of the CFS frame use [2]. For model using SAP 2000 application. The material used in this study were steel profile C 75 75 0.75 to tension members. From the results of the analysis. it can be concluded that of the 4 steel materials being studied all can withstand the load. However, the CFS brand Taso has the highest maximum stress of 46.27 KN. while the smallest Truss brand is 0.17 KN.
Literature Review on Energy Consumption in Road Construction Projects
Authors: Lendra  , Wibowo M A , Hatmoko J U D
Published: September 2020

At the initiation and design stage, the stakeholders (owners and planners) are faced with the choice to determine which type of pavement will be used in accordance with the budget provided yet they must also consider for the long-life maintenance and the environmental aspect the of the road pavement project. One indicator of an environmentally friendly road pavement project is that it must be low in energy and low in emissions. The aims of this study are to conduct a literature review to determine the extent of the previous research that have been carried out, as well as the consumption of energy in the construction projects. The results will be used as a basis for developing critical thinking and conceptual frameworks to fill the research gaps and provide novelty for further research. The study was conducted using a qualitative bibliometric analysis method by identifying selected academic publications from Scopus database with the use of VOSviewer software to process the data. The results of this study indicate that there is an opportunity to conduct research in order to develop energy optimization models for green and sustainable road construction projects from the design, construction, operation and maintenance stages.
Analysis of Highway Rates Based on Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) (Case Study: Plan for Semarang Harbour Highway)
Authors: Zubet M A , Ismiyati  , Riyanto B
Published: September 2020

Government plans to build Semarang Harbor Toll road that connects Kaliwungu, West Semarang-Ahmad Yani Airport, North Semarang, Tanjung Emas Port, and Kaligawe to unravel congestion on existing roads where current conditions are not yet available integrated public transportation, this is indicated by high volume of traffic 3,949 pce/hour with a VCR value of 1.25. This study aims to analyze travel time on toll roads, the toll tariffs of Harbor Tolls based on analysis of Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) and potential for traffic flow that moves from existing roads to toll roads using binomial logit method. Analysis results obtained Semarang Harbor Toll road rates for group I of Rp. 1,040/km, group II, tariff is Rp. 1,200/km and tariff of Rp. 1,300/km. There is a difference between ATP, WTP analysis and binomial logit analysis based on BOK for class I where toll road mode selection is Rp. 947/km, existing road Rp. 1,583/km. Then for Group II, the selection of toll road mode is Rp. 1,121/Km, the existing road Rp. 1,611/Km and class III obtained the selection of the mode of toll roads 1,206/Km, the existing road Rp. 1,876/km.
Study of Standard Trip Attraction Models of Various Land Use in the Surakarta City
Authors: Yulianto B , Setiono  , Sugiyarto  , Purnomo S , Prasetyo R A
Published: September 2020

The law states that every activity centre, settlement and infrastructure development plan that causes disturbance to safety, order and smoothness of traffic and road transport must be carried out traffic impacts analysis. The magnitude of traffic impact that occurs due to the building construction is influenced by the amount of trip generation and attraction that generated by the building activities. Standard value of trip generation and attraction of certain land use is important to be used as a reference in calculating performance of road network. The aim of study is to determine the trip attraction model of various land use including hotel and minimarket in the Surakarta City. Modelling analysis requires data such as vehicle volume in and out of land use and land use parameter such as the number of rooms for hotel and size of building floor area for minimarket. Based on these data then a modelling analysis is carried out using regression analysis to obtain a land use trip attraction model. The result of analysis shows that regression trip attraction models of 3-star hotel, 4 and 5-star hotels and minimarket are Y= 0.1123*X + 12.55; Y = 0.2853*X + 11.017 and Y = 0.2444*X + 0.5623 consecutively.
Polder System to Handle Tidal Flood in Harbour Area (A Case Study in Tanjung Emas Harbour, Semarang, Indonesia)
Authors: Wahyudi S I , Adi H P , Husni F
Published: September 2020

Tanjung Emas harbour is one of strategic harbours in Indonesia, which is located in Semarang City. Several problems arise nowadays; the drainage channel capacity decreases due to lack of treatment, rainwater storage reduced, land subsidence and the rise of tide sea level. The flood control used is polder system that classified into several clusters. The research location is focused on the Cluster IV, which the right side of harbour area. According to the data, catchment area is 29.3 hectares, the lowest elevation area is in +0,5 m, the dike elevation is +2 m LWS. Then retention pond area prepared is 900 m2 (0.3% of CA), retention pond depth - 2m LWS. Based on simulation using 2×0.3 m3/sec pump and rainfall intensity return period of 25 years 303 mm, fluctuation in water retention pond can be maintained in +0,5 m water level. It is recommended to add 0.3 m3/sec alternative pump. A pump of 3×0.3 m3/sec needs to be prepared. Based on the simulation, by Polder system, the flood problem in harbour area can be solved.
An Investigation of Wave Forces Acting on Vertical Coastal Structure
Authors: Widagdo A B , Cholishoh E , Setiawan J , Murtiaji C , Sujoko S U , Sukmana C I , Hamid A , Kustiyanto E , Purwoko A S , Wiguna E A , Dwimarta A S
Published: September 2020

Research on wave forces attacking a vertical structure has been conducted worldwide. Morison’s equation commonly used to describe the phenomenon of the action for offshore structures, while for nearshore structures Goda’s equation is more reliable. Wave impact on vertical breakwaters is dangerous for vertical structures, both for walls and columns. Wave pressure distinguished for wave crest and wave trough, assumed to be distributed as a trapezoidal shape like along the vertical wall. The wave force consists of wave pressure on the front of the vertical wall and buoyancy, and uplift pressure in the vertical direction. In this research, a 2-dimensional physical modelling is carried out to observe the response of a vertical structure due to a wave action. Wave forces are measured using a flexi force sensor for both horizontal and vertical forces. Time series of incident wave and waveforces acting on the structure are recorded simultaneously and it clearly depicts the relation between them. The wave forces at the structure are linear to the height of the action waves. Periodical wave action results in the pushing forces at the structure to be higher than the pulling forces, as extra drift forces appear due to the shallow water wave condition.
Environmental Vulnerability Assessment and Stormwater Management to Enhance Watershed Performance
Authors: Prastica R M S , Kurniawan R P , Apriatresnayanto R
Published: September 2020

The declination of environmental quality triggers several harmful impacts on society, such as the increasing of water-borne diseases, low quality of health, and lousy habitat ecosystem. The research aims to conduct a vulnerability assessment method of a watershed and to perform stormwater management to increase the catchment performance due to dynamic changes. The observation focused on Sugutamu sub-catchment, Depok, West Java. The evaluation includes sub-watershed map compilation, impervious cover calculation, river assessment, and restoration capacity evaluation. The result indicates that the sub-catchment describes as restorable non-supporting sub-watershed. There are three main regions in the sub-catchment. These areas have a percentage of impervious cover 95.6%, 72.5%, and 38.5%, respectively. Also, according to the future impervious cover prediction, these areas will have 97.8%, 95.3%, and 97.5%, respectively. The paper used the National Stormwater Calculator and EPA SWMM 5.1 software to visualize and to predict the future condition of sub-watershed with the various scenario. The application of low impact development (LID) in the research area declines the level of runoff, enhances the level of infiltration, and reduces the peak discharge. The research concludes that watershed vulnerability assessment, along with stormwater management, could control flooding in urban areas.
Marine Tourism Infrastructure and Human Resources Development
Authors: Wibawa B , Prijambodo T , Fauzi I , Shabrina N
Published: September 2020

In the development of marine tourism, two kinds of impacts on the environment will emerge, positive and negative. The positive impacts include: (1) increasing accessibility and economic activities (2) increasing amenities, and (3) creating attractions. The negative impacts include: (1) pollution of the environment, change the quality of the environment. (2) change the original shape of the Marine tourism area, and (3) social impacts. When the development concepts have been realized and managed optimally, it will automatically have a major impact on improving the community’s economy in a sustainable manner in the future, which will open up large enough jobs. On the outside the region, the community can feel the positive impact of the development of tourism and economic improvement, because the community can also take the opportunity to try in the fields related to the development of marine tourism around the area. Conversely, it could only receive bad consequences from the development of marine tourism. It can be concluded, that there will be sustainable development if there is a balance between infrastructure development and human resource development. This research is part of a case study on the initial concept of structuring the Gampong Krueng Raya coastal area, Sabang City, NAD, from the socio-economic aspect. This research uses descriptive qualitative and interpretative methods. Data and information obtained by literature study and field observations.
Mangrove Community Structure in Papuan Small Islands, Case Study in Biak Regency
Authors: Dharmawan I W E , Pramudji
Published: September 2020

Mangrove plays the importance of roles for the small island sustainability, both physically and ecologically. In the high-risk Pacific Ocean’s islands, small islands in Biak face typhoons, earthquakes, high waves, and tsunami effects. The study was conducted at 100 10mx10m-quadratic-plots scattered on seven small islands in Biak-Numfor Regency. Research objectives were to investigate the mangrove community structure of each island, i.e., canopy coverage, density, and morphological size, and to analyze the correlation among those parameters. The result found that mangrove was in pristine condition, large individual size with low anthropogenic threats. They were covered by a medium and dense canopy from 61.32±3.04% in Pasi to 93.88±0.14% in Meos Mangguandi. Substrate significantly influenced the level of canopy coverage and the MDS ordination of species composition. Sonneratia alba tended to be dominant in rocky sand in Pasi, Owi, Padaidori, and Wundi, while Ceriops and Rhizophora were mostly occupied the muddy sand, or Bruguiera gymnorrhiza has the highest domination in sandy mud substrate in Auki, Pai, and Meos. The canopy coverage had a significant correlation only with total density but none with the others. The height of the tree (up to 21.2 m) was found highly related to the diameter size (max: 124 cm).
Study of Mangrove Forest Change towards the Diversity and Carbon Stock of Mangroves in Segara Anakan, Cilacap
Authors: Nurmalahayati  , Ardli E R , Widyastuti A , Yani E , Piranti A S
Published: September 2020

Segara Anakan Cilacap, being the largest mangrove area in Java Island, is one example of a degraded area which is mostly caused by land conversion to farming lands, ponds, housing, and industrial properties affecting the mangrove community in various ways. The objective of this research is to know the diversity and carbon stock of mangroves in different types of environmental change in Segara Anakan, Cilacap, as well as to know the correlation between environmental factors in various types of environmental change with diversity and carbon stock of mangroves in Segara Anakan, Cilacap. This research was conducted using clustered sampling from 8 stations located at the ex rice field, ex shrimp pond, illegal cutting area, and forest. The highest diversity and carbon stock value belong to stations with forest habitats with a total of 34 tons/ha of carbon stock and the highest diversity of saplings in station F1 (1.80). Correlation values between diversity and environmental factors ranged from 0.172–0.449, whereas results between carbon stock and environmental factors range from 0.065-0.724.
Kandelia candel (L.) Druce Reproductive Organ Phenology, in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra
Authors: Marisa H , Sarno  , Ridho M R , Indriani D P , Wulansari P
Published: September 2020

A field observation has been done to know Kandelia candel reproductive organs phenology, at Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, from November 2018 until January 2019. This study aimed to find out the phenology of the K. candel in South Sumatra. The results of this study showed that flower initiation occurred in April, mature from November to January; 290 days period is needed by flower initiation until the mature propagule.
Distribution and Characteristics of Nypa Palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) in Southern Part of Cilacap Regency
Authors: Widodo P , Sukarsa  , Herawati W , Hidayah HA , Chasanah T , Proklamasiningsih E
Published: September 2020

Nypa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) is a kind of palm growing very well in the brackish water forest or along the river near its mouth. In some countries, it is considered to be invasive plant, so that its development should be controlled. The aim of this study is to find out the morphological distribution of the nypa along Cilacap and Kebumen coastal areas of Central Java. The method used in this study is survey. The sample was taken with purposive sampling technique by taking samples from nypa population randomly. The environmental factors measured included water salinity, water pH, soil pH, and soil type. The nypa characteristics measured included leaf morphology and size, and plant individual density. The results of this study based on the distance from the coastline showed that: 1) The nypa is mainly distributed along the river with Grey regosol and Alluvial Hydromorph soils; 2) erect leafed nypa are present close to the water while the curved leafed nypa were presence in the inner part of the areas; 3) Based on the rachis color, the young, medium, and old nypa leaves tend to have green, greenish yellow, and orange rachis respectively. 4) Based on survivability, the nypa seeds tend survive in water further inland.
Ability of Wayside Trees as Pb Absorbent on Jl Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto
Authors: Samiyarsih S , Santoso S , Lestari S , Ardiyuda D , Fitrianto N
Published: September 2020

Air pollution can be determined by using plants as a bioindicator. The purposes of this research were 1) to determine the ambient air Pb concentration and Pb concentration in some leaves of wayside trees on Jl Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto, 2) to find out the stomata characteristics i.e. size and density of stomata related to their ability to absorb Pb. The research method used was the survey method. The wayside tree leaf samples were taken with purposive sampling. The variables used in the research include variables such as aerial Pb and Pb concentrations of leaves, while the dependent variable was anatomical responses. The main parameters observed in the form of air Pb concentrations, Pb in leaf and stomata anatomical characters. The support parameters are traffic density. The results of this study showed that the concentration of Pb in Jl Jenderal Sudirman within 1 hour is 0.0147 μg/m³. Pb concentration was the highest in the leaves of Schima wallichii (0.3524 ppm), and the lowest was in Hibiscus tiliaceus (0.2354 ppm). Pb accumulated in the leaves caused a very significant effect on the density, length, and width of the leaf stomata of shade plant on Purwokerto’s Jenderal Sudirman Road. Pb concentration in leaves positively correlated with the density, length, and width of stomata (p<0.05).
Molecular Profile of Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. from three different altitudes based on atpB – rbcL IGS
Authors: Susanto A H , Dwiati M
Published: September 2020

Nodeweed (Synedrella nodiflora(L.) Gaertn.) is the only member of genusSynedrella, which is widely distributed over many tropical countries. It has been reported as potentially having many benefits for human life, but it is also commonly found as broad-leaf weed in several crops. In addition to its wide distribution, this species can also grow in a wide range of altitudes. This study was aimed to assess molecular profile ofS. nodiflorain three different levels of altitudes, i.e. 0, 130, and 800 m above sea level respectively. Intergenic spacer (IGS)atpB –rbcL was used as the molecular marker. It was shown that no genetic difference among samples from the three altitudes was observed, indicating that any difference that may appear in the phenotype is merely due to morphological and/or physiological adaptation.
Preference of Termites to Habitat under The Trees along Altitudinal Gradient in Western Slope of Mount Slamet Central Java
Authors: Pratiknyo H , Ambarningrum T B , Setyowati E A , Indrawati T
Published: September 2020

The western slope of the production forest of Mount Slamet locating in 700-1300 m asl, dominated by trees of Recinus damara and Pinus mercusii. The dominant trees create specific character habitat and be prefered of termites to inhabited under them. The aims of this research to differ the preference of termites to habitat under the tree on western Slope. The method used was a survey with sampling based on belt transect.(L=100m, W=2m) layed under both habitats for 600 m length. Each transect for 100 m length divided into 20 sections, then the termites sampled on a living tree, branch, bark, litter, and soil in each section. Diversity, equality, and domination of termites were analyzed by Shannon-Wienner index (H′), Shannon-Evenness index (E), and Simpson’s Domination index and correlation test. The result, six species of termites Schedorhinotermes javanicus, Odontotermes javanicus, Nasutitermes matangensis, Capritermes semarangi, Procapritermes stiger, and Microtermes insperatus were found under both of the trees. The pattern of abundance of each species termites on altitudes showed maximal on mid altitudes. The conclusion was the preference of termites to the dominant tree was significantly different, the termites diversity was categorized as low level, and the most dominant species was Schedorhinotermes javanicus.
News in Astronomy & Geophysics – October 2020
Authors: Bowler Sue
Published: September 2020

A digest of some of the big stories from the past two months
Nigel Weiss (1936–2020)
Authors: Gough Douglas O , Proctor Michael R E , Tobias Steven M
Published: September 2020

Douglas Gough, Michael Proctor and Steven Tobias remember the South African-born astrophysicist and mathematician, a former president of the RAS
From astronomy to activism
Authors: Stenhoff Mark
Published: September 2020

Mark Stenhoff looks back at the life of US astronomer Frank Kameny (1925–2011), whose career-ending dismissal led to a life of gay rights activism, and explores what his legacy means for LGBTQ+ scientists today.
Context-dependent consequences of color biases in a social fish
Authors: Culbert Brett M , Talagala Sanduni , Barnett James B , Stanbrook Emily , Smale Parker , Balshine Sigal
Published: September 2020

Colorful visual signals can provide receivers with valuable information about food, danger, and the quality of social partners. However, the value of the information that color provides varies depending on the situation, and color may even act as a sensory trap where signals that evolved under one context are exploited in another. Despite some elegant early work on color as a sensory trap, few empirical studies have examined how color biases may vary depending on context and under which situations biases can be overridden. Here, using Neolamprologus pulcher, a highly social cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, we conducted a series of experiments to determine color biases and investigate the effects of these biases under different contexts. We found that N. pulcher interacted the most with yellow items and the least with blue items. These biases were maintained during a foraging-based associative learning assay, with fish trained using yellow stimuli performing better than those trained using blue stimuli. However, these differences in learning performance did not extend to reversal learning; fish were equally capable of forming new associations regardless of the color they were initially trained on. Finally, in a social choice assay, N. pulcher did not display a stronger preference for conspecifics whose yellow facial markings had been artificially enhanced. Together, these findings suggest that the influence of color biases varies under different contexts and supports the situational dependency of color functions.
Bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol-induced transgenerational gene expression differences in the brain–pituitary–testis axis of medaka, Oryzias latipes†
Authors: Thayil Albert J , Wang Xuegeng , Bhandari Pooja , vom Saal Frederick S , Tillitt Donald E , Bhandari Ramji K
Published: September 2020

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), can have far reaching health effects, including transgenerational abnormalities in offspring that never directly contacted either chemical. We previously reported reduced fertilization rates and embryo survival at F2 and F3 generations caused by 7-day embryonic exposure (F0) to 100 μg/L BPA or 0.05 μg/L EE2 in medaka. Crossbreeding of fish in F2 generation indicated subfertility in males. To further understand the mechanisms underlying BPA or EE2-induced adult onset and transgenerational reproductive defects in males, the present study examined the expression of genes regulating the brain–pituitary–testis (BPT) axis in the same F0 and F2 generation male medaka. Embryonic exposure to BPA or EE2 led to hyperactivation of brain and pituitary genes, which are actively involved in reproduction in adulthood of the F0 generation male fish, and some of these F0 effects continued to the F2 generation (transgenerational effects). Particularly, the F2 generation inherited the hyperactivated state of expression for kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2) and their receptors (kiss1r and kiss2r), and gnrh and gnrh receptors. At F2 generation, expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (dnmt1) decreased in brain of the BPA treatment lineage, while EE2 treatment lineage showed increased dnmt3bb expression. Global hypomethylation pattern was observed in the testis of both F0 and F2 generation fish. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BPA or EE2-induced transgenerational reproductive impairment in the F2 generation was associated with alterations of reproductive gene expression in brain and testis and global DNA methylation in testis.
A Wojtyłian Reading of Performativity and the Self in Judith Butler
Authors: Franks Angela
Published: September 2020

Drawing on Hegel, Judith Butler argues that the subject is the product of its desire for subject-ion. The subject, its gender, and even the sexed body itself come into being through reiterating or parodying preexisting norms and discourses of power (“performativity”). Butler rejects the realities of substance and a fixed human nature that would limit the possibilities of performativity. I summarize and assess Butler’s proposals, highlighting both the value and the drawbacks of her theory. I then show how John Paul II’s understanding of meaning and of the body as tasks takes up what is positive in Butler. He escapes the pitfalls of her thought, however, by retaining both metaphysics and revelation. He argues that the subject exists as substance or suppositum, which defends it against the encroachment of power. He also insists on the importance of human nature, which makes the human person to be the kind of substance who can form herself through the God-given task of creative action directed toward meaningful self-gift. Lastly, John Paul II emphasizes that the divine power of God enables the person to transcend the power dynamics of the culture of death.
When the Starting Place Is Lived Experience: The Pastoral and Therapeutic Implications of John Paul II’s Account of the Person
Authors: Savage Deborah
Published: September 2020

The aim of this article1 is to provide insight into the anthropological framework that could inform the pastoral and therapeutic care of those we encounter, professionally or in our personal lives, who experience same-sex attraction (SSA). Our question here is not whether or not persons are free to ignore the natural order but to consider how to minister to those who wish to engage in the struggle to conform themselves to it—or those whom we hope to persuade to do so. Since entering into such conversations often requires a starting place in experience, we need an approach that will permit us to integrate human experience into a fuller account of the human person. The thesis of this article is that the account of the human person proposed by Pope St. John Paul II, as the philosopher Karol Wojtyła provides the answers we need. I demonstrate that his approach permits us to acknowledge the experience of actual existing persons without compromising the more properly “ontological” framework that we know reveals the unchanging truth about human personhood.2 I show that his account gives us the foothold we are seeking in our efforts to help those struggling with SSA.
Clinical Impact, Costs, and Cost-effectiveness of Expanded Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Testing in Massachusetts
Authors: Neilan Anne M , Losina Elena , Bangs Audrey C , Flanagan Clare , Panella Christopher , Eskibozkurt G Ege , Mohareb Amir , Hyle Emily P , Scott Justine A , Weinstein Milton C , Siedner Mark J , Reddy Krishna P , Harling Guy , Freedberg Kenneth A , Shebl Fatma M , Kazemian Pooyan , Ciaranello Andrea L
Published: September 2020

Background

We projected the clinical and economic impact of alternative testing strategies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence and mortality in Massachusetts using a microsimulation model.

Methods

We compared 4 testing strategies: (1) hospitalized: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing only for patients with severe/critical symptoms warranting hospitalization; (2) symptomatic: PCR for any COVID-19–consistent symptoms, with self-isolation if positive; (3) symptomatic + asymptomatic once: symptomatic and 1-time PCR for the entire population; and (4) symptomatic + asymptomatic monthly: symptomatic with monthly retesting for the entire population. We examined effective reproduction numbers (Re = 0.9–2.0) at which policy conclusions would change. We assumed homogeneous mixing among the Massachusetts population (excluding those residing in long-term care facilities). We used published data on disease progression and mortality, transmission, PCR sensitivity/specificity (70%/100%), and costs. Model-projected outcomes included infections, deaths, tests performed, hospital-days, and costs over 180 days, as well as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs, $/quality-adjusted life-year [QALY]).

Results

At Re = 0.9, symptomatic + asymptomatic monthly vs hospitalized resulted in a 64% reduction in infections and a 46% reduction in deaths, but required >66-fold more tests/day with 5-fold higher costs. Symptomatic + asymptomatic monthly had an ICER <$100 000/QALY only when Re ≥1.6; when test cost was ≤$3, every 14-day testing was cost-effective at all Re examined.

Conclusions

Testing people with any COVID-19–consistent symptoms would be cost-saving compared to testing only those whose symptoms warrant hospital care. Expanding PCR testing to asymptomatic people would decrease infections, deaths, and hospitalizations. Despite modest sensitivity, low-cost, repeat screening of the entire population could be cost-effective in all epidemic settings.