bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestão de conflitos e comunicação organizacional
Authors: Oliveira Adilson Vagner , Pereira Pizzoni Taisa Gabrieli
Published: October 2021

Os conflitos são praticamente inevitáveis e podem ocorrer em diferentes ambientes da vida social, familiar e organizacional. Desse modo, a pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar os fatores que influenciam a gestão de conflitos em instituições públicas de ensino, a fim de reconhecer padrões de comportamento organizacional e identificar as ferramentas que são utilizadas pelos servidores na gestão diante dos conflitos. Em termos metodológicos, a pesquisa é caracterizada pela natureza qualitativa, realizada por meio de questionário on-line com 20 gestores de instituições de ensino. Os resultados apontam que a comunicação tem sido a principal fonte de conflitos existentes nas instituições públicas, gerando conflitos de relacionamentos normalmente não mediados pelos gestores por ausência de conhecimento técnico para lidar com as relações interpessoais, além da sobrecarga de tarefas em consequência da falta de servidores que acarretam desmotivação e adoecimento institucional.
Detection of Land Use Land Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in a Secondary City in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Lutfor , Rahman Syed Hafizur
Published: October 2021

This study aims at classifying land use land cover (LULC) patterns and detect changes in a 'secondary city' (Savar Upazila) in Bangladesh for 30 years i.e., from 1990 to 2020. Two distinct sets of Landsat satellite imagery, such as Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) 1990 and Landsat 7 ETM+ 2020, were collected from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) website. Using ArcMap 10.3, the maximum likelihood algorithm was used to perform a supervised classification methodology. The error matrix and Kappa Kat were done to measure the mapping accuracy. Both images were classified into six separate classes: Cropland, Barren land, Built-up area, Vegetation, Waterbody, and Wetlands. From 1990 to 2020, Cropland, Barren land, Waterbody, and Wetlands have been decreased by 30.63%, 11.26%, 23.54%, and 21.89%, respectively. At the same time, the Built-up area and Vegetation have been increased by 161.16% and 5.77%, respectively. The research revealed that unplanned urbanization had been practiced in the secondary city indicated by the decreases in Cropland, Barren land, Wetland, and Waterbody, which also showed direct threats to food security and freshwater scarcity. An increase in Vegetation (mostly homestead vegetation) indicates some environment awareness programs that encourage people to maintain homestead and artificial gardens. The study argues for the sustainable planning of a secondary city for a developing country's future development.
Using the Subject «Individual Project» in Secondary Schools to Form the Readiness of High School Students for Engineering Education
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Kotelnikova Nataliya M.
Published: October 2021

In accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary General Education, the formation of meta-subject competencies and universal educational actions among students is an important component of the educational process at school. The project and research activities of high school students in secondary school are organized within the framework of the subject «individual project». The article discusses the features of introducing the subject «individual project» into the curriculum of a technical lyceum, using its capabilities to form the readiness of graduates for engineering education. The article compares the features and results of the final individual projects in the «closed project space» and in the «open project space». The research methods were monitoring procedures and analysis of the results of a survey of high school students who worked on projects in the «closed project space» and «open project space».
Cultural Component in Teaching Borrowed Vocabulary: Achieving Personal Results
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Glebova Zoya V.
Published: October 2021

The article describes a Russian language lesson in the 10th grade. The lesson is dedicated to achieving personal results of students within culturally oriented work with borrowed vocabulary. The article describes a cultural model of the lesson based on a text centered approach and developed in accordance with the requirements for a modern Russian language lesson. The lesson is devoted to the analysis of F.I.Buslaev’s text about borrowed and native Russian words, the study of some foreign words using various dictionaries, as well as a description of the peculiarities of the formation of value attitudes towards the Russian language among schoolchildren throughout the study of borrowed vocabulary.
Satisfaction with Pedagogical Activities of a Football Coach in the Syrian Arab Republic and the Individual Style of Pedagogical Activities
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Wisam Al S. , Lipatova Antonina P. ,   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the state of affairs in the Syrian Arab Republic in football. Despite the fact that football is one of the most popular sports in the country, there is no reason to talk about notable sports achievements. Of course, a whole range of measures should be aimed at achieving high sports results. The object of our consideration is the effectiveness of the management of the training process. It should be noted that in the Syrian Arab Republic, the system of training qualified football coaches is not fully formed. Many coaches work without a certificate and rely solely on their sports experience. The article attempts to outline the most obvious problems in Syrian football. The purpose of the article is to examine the correlation between the satisfaction of a football coach in the Syrian Arab Republic with the pedagogical activity and the individual style of pedagogical activity.
Innovative Processes in Vocational Education: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors:   Yelabuga Institute (branch) of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Elabuga, Russia, Khaliullina Liliya R. , Askhadullina Nailya N. ,   Yelabuga Institute (branch) of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Elabuga, Russia
Published: October 2021

The system of higher education in modern conditions sets tasks related to increasing the efficiency of preparing students for professional activities. One of the ways to achieve these goals is to introduce innovations in the university. Innovative technologies in education make it possible to regulate learning, steer it in the right direction and also to provide training for modern specialists who are open to changes and innovations. The article provides an analytical review of the concept of “innovation”. The article studies the features of the use of this term in professional pedagogical education. The article considered current innovative processes in the vocational education system in the context of globalization. The essential characteristics of the concept of “innovation” are revealed. The authors found that at present in innovative activities the leading place is given to innovative thinking, the use of the capabilities of artificial intelligence, and the preservation of the identity of educational institutions.
Havayolu İşletmelerinde İki Aşamalı Veri Zarflama Analizi İle Etkinlik Ölçümü
Authors: ASKER Veysi
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, dünyanın çeşitli yerlerinde faaliyet gösteren ve farklı iş modelini uygulayan havayolu işletmelerinin operasyonel ve finansal açıdan etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda geleneksel iş modelini uygulayan 19 ve düşük maliyetli iş modelini uygulayan 17 havayolu işletmesinin 2013-2018 dönemine ait etkinlik ölçümü iki aşamalı veri zarflama analizi tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, operasyonel açıdan geleneksel iş modelini uygulayan havayolu işletmelerinin daha etkin olduğu, finansal açıdan ise düşük maliyetli iş modelini uygulayan havayolu işletmelerinin daha etkin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte her iki grup açısından da operasyonel etkinlik değerlerinin finansal etkinlik değerlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Operasyonel açıdan etkinlik ölçümü sonucunda geleneksel havayolu işletmeleri içerisinde 5 havayolu işletmesinin, düşük maliyetli havayolu işletmeleri içerisinde ise 4 havayolu işletmesinin tüm dönem boyunca etkin çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Finansal açıdan ise tüm dönem boyunca etkin olan hiçbir işletmeye rastlanmamıştır.
Association of the dominant handgrip strength with the hand dimensions of adult Bangladeshi female laborers
Authors: Akter Mst Taslima , Amin Nahid Farhana , Arif Ahsan
Published: October 2021

The handgrip strength determines the overall physical health and muscle function of the hand. Nowadays in Bangladesh, female laborers are an important source of work force in many industries. Laborers require more handgrip strength to perform their daily work efficiently. Besides, hand is the part of the body that directly related with handgrip strength, so, the hand dimensions are deemed essential to investigate. Therefore this study is to investigate the association of the dominant handgrip strength with the hand dimensions like hand length, hand breadth, hand span, palm length, palm breadth and wrist breadth of adult Bangladeshi female laborers. Hundred (100) adult female laborers aged between 18 to 45 years, residing in different slums in Dhaka city of Bangladesh were the participants of the present research. Six selected hand dimensions of the right side were measured using the digital slide caliper by direct physical procedure and dominant handgrip strength was measured using a digital handgrip dynamometer. The associations of the dominant handgrip strength with the selected six hand dimensions were tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. The mean value of the dominant handgrip strength of the laborers was 25.6 kg. In present research, the dominant handgrip strength was positively associated with the six selected hand dimensions (hand length, hand breadth, hand span, palm length, palm breadth and wrist breadth). However, the association of dominant handgrip strength with the breadth of hand, palm and wrist reached up to significant level individually. Besides, to get desired success in work of a female laborer, it is important to see the hand anthropometry and handgrip strength, because, better handgrip strength lead to better performance in work.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (3), 230-237
An Analysis of Teaching and Learning Variations based on Bloom's taxonomy
Authors: Nushaibah Aliyah , Elfrida Elfrida , Sofyan Dedi
Published: October 2021

This research aimed to find out the variations of teaching and learning based on Bloom’s Taxonomy, this research focused on the classroom learning activities in the lesson plans. This research employed a descriptive qualitative study. The subject of the research was nine lesson plans that developed by teahers at SMPIT IQRA. The data of this research was the classroom learning activities were classified the variations of teaching and learning based on Bloom’s Taxonomy stated in the 2013 Curriculum. The first finding showed that, there were some variations  in classroom learning activities of lesson plans. By three domains of learning based on Bloom’s Taxonomy, those are Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor. The teachers were fulfilled the criteria of learning activities in lesson plans. But, the lesson plans still need to increase and remake the team of lesson plans system, because the lesson plans that used by teachers were same to each class in the same level.
Корпоративні відносини, що виникають у процесі створення професійних учасників ринків небанківських фінансових послуг
Authors: ПОПОВА АНАСТАСІЯ
Published: October 2021

Незначна кількість теоретичних досліджень і, як наслідок, недостатня розробленість проблематики корпоративних відносин, що можуть виникати у процесі створення професійних учасників ринків небанківських фінансових послуг (НФП), зумовлюють актуальність зазначеної статті.
Метою статті є аналіз існуючих у господарсько-правовій доктрині позицій щодо правової природи і поняття корпоративних відносин, організаційно-правових форм функціонування суб’єктів господарювання, що здійснюють діяльність із надання НФП, а також корпоративних відносини, що можуть виникати у процесі їх створення. На підставі виділених ознак запропонувати визначення професійного учасника ринків НФП.
Більшість професійних учасників ринків НФП є юридичними особами, що створюються у формі господарських товариств, а отже, можуть бути суб’єктами корпоративних відносин.
Після набуття професійним учасником ринків НФП статусу юридичної особи визначеної корпоративної організаційно-правової форми у складі корпоративних відносин можуть виникати організаційно-господарські (щодо управління цим суб’єктом) і майново-господарські відносини (щодо розподілу прибутку й одержання його частини (дивідендів), відчуження часток у статутному капіталі, цінних паперів тощо).
У результаті проведеного дослідження авторка зробила висновок, що професійні учасники ринків НФП є учасниками господарських відносин, зокрема й корпоративних, виключним видом господарської діяльності яких є діяльність із надання НФП (професійна фінансова діяльність), реалізують при цьому господарську компетенцію (сукупність господарських прав та обов’язків, закріплених у відповідних нормативно-правових актах, що регулюють певний вид професійної фінансової діяльності), мають відокремлене майно і несуть відповідальність за своїми зобов’язаннями в межах цього майна, крім випадків, передбачених законодавством. Про-понується в ст. 4 Закону України “Про фінансові послуги та державне регулювання ринків фінансових послуг”, поряд із видом фінансової послуги, зазначати відповідного професійного учасника, який може її надавати, оскільки запропоновані зміни покращать процес сприйняття та застосування положень цього Закону.
Tatalaksana Trauma Wajah dengan Panfasial Fraktur
Authors: Marlina Lina , Utomo Bambang S.R. , Poluan Fransiskus H.
Published: October 2021

AbstrakFraktur pada wajah dapat menyebabkan defisit fungsional dan estetika jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Tatalaksana akut yang tepat dari fraktur wajah harus didasarkan pada evaluasi cepat dan menyeluruh. Keberhasilan rekontruksi wajah merupakan keadaan darurat yang perlu dievaluasi dalam waktu 24 jam dari trauma. Berbagai jenis reduksi dan fiksasi tergantung pada fungsi, lokasi, jenis fraktur, dan usia pasien. Kasus ini diajukan untuk memperlihatkan keberhasilan tatalaksana trauma akut maksilofasial. Dilaporkan seorang laki-laki 37 tahun dengan panfasial fraktur yang dilakukan reduksi dan fiksasi 3 hari setelah trauma dengan pemasangan plat dan sekrup, serta fiksasi mukoginggival kombinasi antara arch bardan quickfix. Reduksi, reposisi dan fiksasi dilakukan setelah edema mukosa hebat disertai kombinasi antara arch bar dan quickfix pada mukoginggival merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi risiko perdarahan dan memudahkan reposisi.Kata kunci: fraktur wajah, panfasial fraktur,edema mukosa.Management of Maxillofacial Traumawith Panfacial FractureAbstractFacial fractures can cause functional and aesthetic deficits if not treated properly. Appropriate acute management of facial fractures should be based on a rapid and thorough evaluation. Successful facial reconstruction is an emergency that needs to be evaluated within 24 hours of trauma. Different types of reduction and fixation depend on the function, location, type of fracture, and the age of the patient. This case is presented to demonstrate the success of acute maxillofacial trauma management. Reported a 37-year-old man with a facial fracture who underwent reduction and fixation 3 days after trauma with plate and screw installation, and combination mucogingival fixation between arch bar and quickfix. Reduction, reposition and fixation performed after severe mucosal edema accompanied by a combination of arch bar and quickfix on the mucogingival is an alternative to reduce the risk of bleeding and facilitate repositioning.Keywords: facial fracture, panfacial fracture, mucosal edema.
Hubungan Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Terhadap Kejadian Stunting di RS Marthen Indey Jayapura Tahun 2018-2019
Authors: Salakory Gevo T. J. , Wija Ida B. E. U.
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara anemia yang terjadi pada ibu hamil dengan tingkat kejadian stunting di Rumah Sakit Marthen Indey Jayapura dengan Insuline-like Growth Factors (IGF) sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab. Menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi retrospective dan didapatkan 30 sampel dari total 80 populasi ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia. Didapatkan 15 (50%) sampel yang memiliki panjang badan bayi 36 – 40 cm, 13 (43,3%) sampel yang memiliki panjang badan bayi 41 – 45 cm dan 2 (6,7%) sampel yang memiliki panjang badan bayi > 45 cm dengan nilai p=0,004 (p<0,05) dari hasil uji statistik chi square. Ditemukan hubungan antara anemia pada ibu hamil terhadap tingkat kejadian stunting di Rumah Sakit Marthen Indey Jayapura. Kata Kunci: Anemia pada Ibu Hamil, Insuline-like Growth Factors, StuntingThe Relationship of Anemia in Pregnant Women to Stunting at Marthen Indey Hospital, Jayapura, 2018-2019AbstractThis study was conducted to determine wheter there is a relationship between anemia that occurs in pregnant women and the incidence of stunting at Marthen Indey Hospital, Jayapura with Insuline-like Growth Factors (IGF) as a contributing factor. The study was conducted using a descriptive analytical method with a retrospective study design and obtained 30 samples from a total of 80 population of pregnant women with anemia. The result showed that 15 (50%) sample had a baby body length 36 – 40 cm, 13 (43,3%) sample had a baby length 41 – 45 cm and 2 (6,7%) samplea had a baby body length > 45 cm with p value = 0,004 (p<0,05) from the result of the chi square statistical test. From the analysis, it was found that there was a relationship between anemia in pregnant women and the incidence of stunting at Marhen Indey Hospital, Jayapura.Keywords: Anemia in Pregnant Women, Insuline-like Growth Factors, Stunting
Survival from Canadian Seaplane Water Accidents: 1995 to 2019
Authors: MacDonald Conor , Brooks Christopher , McGowan Ross
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION: Each year in Canada, there are a number of pilots and passengers who die in seaplane water accidents. A study examining the human factors and fatality rates associated with these accidents was conducted. METHODS: Seaplane water accident investigations
by the Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB) between 1995 and 2019 were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 487 accidents involving 1144 occupants (487 pilots, 657 passengers). There were less than 15 s warning in 86% of cases. There were 60 pilots and 88 passengers who dieda survival
rate of 87%. Drowning, trapped within the cabin was the principal cause of death (54%). Loss of control on landing, wheels down landings, and other landing problems (49%) were the principal causes of the accidents and 77% of the fatalities occurred in this group. These arose because the pilot(s)
misjudged wind, waves, and glassy water. Over 50% of seaplanes inverted and 10% floated briefly then sank, resulting in the highest percentage of fatalities. Wearing the seat harness incorrectly, injury, in-rushing water, and inability to locate and operate exit mechanisms (including rescuers
inability to open the exits external to the fuselage) all contributed to the fatalities. Life jackets would have been of benefit in several cases. Of the accidents, 57% were private flights. CONCLUSIONS: Passengers require a thorough preflight briefing, life jackets should be worn
by all pilots and passengers, and private and commercial pilots should receive Underwater Egress Training. MacDonald C, Brooks C, McGowan R. Survival from Canadian seaplane water accidents: 1995 to 2019. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(10):798-805.
Aircrew Actual vs. Prescriptive Sleep Schedules and Resulting Fatigue Estimates
Authors: Morris Megan B. , Veksler Bella Z. , Krusmark Michael A. , Gaines Alex R. , Jantscher Helen L. , Gunzelmann Glenn
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is an insidious and costly occurrence in the aviation community, commonly a consequence of insufficient sleep. Some organizations use scheduling tools to generate prescriptive sleep schedules to help aircrew manage their fatigue. It is important to examine
whether aircrew follow these prescriptive schedules, especially in very dynamic environments. The current study compares aircrew sleep during missions to prescriptive sleep schedules generated by a mission scheduling tool. METHODS: Participating in the study were 44 volunteers (Mage=
28.23, SDage= 4.23; Proportionmale= 77.27%) from a C-17 mobility squadron providing 25 instances of sleep and mission data (80 flights total). Aircrew wore actigraph watches to measure sleep during missions and prescriptive sleep schedules were collected. Actual and prescriptive
sleep was compared with calculated performance effectiveness values per minute across mission flights. RESULTS: Prescriptive schedules generally overestimated effectiveness during missions relative to estimated actual sleep, potentially causing shifts in effectiveness to ranges
of increased risk requiring elevated fatigue mitigation efforts. Actual and prescriptive effectiveness estimates tended to increasingly diverge over the course of missions, which magnifies differences on longer missions. DISCUSSION: The current study suggests that aircrew sleep
during missions often does not align with prescriptive sleep schedules generated by mission planning software, resulting in effectiveness estimates that are generally lower than predicted. This might discourage aircrew from using mission effectiveness graphs as a fatigue mitigation tool. Additionally,
because fatigue estimates factor into overall operational risk management processes, these schedules might underestimate risks to safety, performance, and health. Morris MB, Veksler BZ, Krusmark MA, Gaines AR, Jantscher HL, Gunzelmann G. Aircrew actual vs. prescriptive sleep schedules
and resulting fatigue estimates. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(10):806-814.
NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS DOCENTES ACERCA DE LOS SIGNOS DE RIESGO DE DISLEXIA EN NIÑOS/AS DE EDUCACIÓN INICIAL II Y PREPARATORIA
Authors:   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas”ESPE”, Toapanta Yanchatipan Karina Alejandra , Lafebre Cardenas Mirella Dolores ,   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas”ESPE”
Published: October 2021

El propósito de este artículo será determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los docentes acerca de los signos predictores de dislexia; para ello, se aplicará un cuestionario tipo encuesta conformada por 25 ítems, basadas en revisiones bibliográficas previas, tomando en cuenta habilidades preescolares, presentadas en dimensiones como: Alteraciones fonológicas, carencia en el lenguaje oral y percepción del habla, alteraciones en la psicomotricidad, esquema corporal y conceptos espaciales. Los resultados indican que los docentes poseen conocimientos básicos de la temática, se les dificulta reconocer las señales de riesgo de dislexia, es necesario capacitar a los docentes en la información que desconocen para que puedan distinguir y brindar una intervención temprana y proveer de apoyo emocional para fortalecer la confianza en el niño.
Advances in the Relationship Between Pyroptosis and Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Xu Jingyu , Cai Shufang , Zhao Jiaxin , Xu Ke , Ji Hao , Wu Chengbiao , Xiao Jian , Wu Yanqing
Published: October 2021

Pyroptosis is a novel programmed cell death process that promotes the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) by activating inflammasomes and gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to cell swelling and rupture. Pyroptosis is involved in the regulation of the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, and nerve injury. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by long-term hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation. The people have paid more and more attention to the relationship between pyroptosis, diabetes, and its complications, especially its important regulatory significance in diabetic neurological diseases, such as diabetic encephalopathy (DE) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). This article will give an in-depth overview of the relationship between pyroptosis, diabetes, and its related neuropathy, and discuss the regulatory pathway and significance of pyroptosis in diabetes-associated neuropathy.
Progress of Binder Structures in Silicon-Based Anodes for Advanced Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Mini Review
Authors: Zhu Wenqiang , Zhou Junjian , Xiang Shuang , Bian Xueting , Yin Jiang , Jiang Jianhong , Yang Lishan
Published: October 2021

Silicon (Si) has been counted as the most promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, owing to its high theoretical specific capacity, safety, and high natural abundance. However, the commercial application of silicon anodes is hindered by its huge volume expansions, poor conductivity, and low coulombic efficiency. For the anode manufacture, binders play an important role of binding silicon materials, current collectors, and conductive agents, and the binder structure can significantly affect the mechanical durability, adhesion, ionic/electronic conductivities, and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) stability of the silicon anodes. Moreover, many cross-linked binders are effective in alleviating the volume expansions of silicon nanosized even microsized anodic materials along with maintaining the anode integrity and stable electrochemical performances. This mini review comprehensively summarizes various binders based on their structures, including the linear, branched, three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked, conductive polymer, and other hybrid binders. The mechanisms how various binder structures influence the performances of the silicon anodes, the limitations, and prospects of different hybrid binders are also discussed. This mini review can help in designing hybrid polymer binders and facilitating the practical application of silicon-based anodes with high electrochemical activity and long-term stability.
Virtual Screening on Marine Natural Products for Discovering TMPRSS2 Inhibitors
Authors: Mahmudpour Mehdi , Nabipour Iraj , Keshavarz Mohsen , Farrokhnia Maryam
Published: October 2021

Although SARS-CoV-2 entry to cells strictly depends on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the virus also needs transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) for its spike protein priming. It has been shown that the entrance of SARS-CoV-2 through ACE2 can be blocked by cellular TMPRSS2 blockers. The main aim of this study was to find potential inhibitor(s) of TMPRSS2 through virtual screening against a homology model of TMPRSS2 using the library of marine natural products (MNPs). The homology modeling technique for generating a three-dimensional structure of TMPRSS2 was applied. Molecular docking, MM-GBSA and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) evaluations were performed to investigate the inhibitory activity of marine natural products (MNPs) against TMPRSS2 and their pharmacokinetic properties. Camostat and nafamostat mesylate were used as the standard inhibitory molecules. Seven MNPs were able to inhibit TMPRSS2 better than the standard compounds. MNP 10 with CAS number 107503-09-3, called Watasenia β-D- Preluciferyl glucopyrasoiuronic acid, was found to be the best inhibitor of TMPRSS2 with acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, for the first time, a new marine natural product was introduced with potent inhibitory effects against TMPRSS2. MNP 10 exhibited favorable drug-like pharmacokinetic properties and it promises a novel TMPRSS2 blocker to combat SARS-CoV-2.
Promising Antioxidant and Anticorrosion Activities of Mild Steel in 1.0 M Hydrochloric Acid Solution by Withania frutescens L. Essential Oil
Authors: El moussaoui Abdelfattah , Kadiri Mariya , Bourhia Mohammed , Agour Abdelkrim , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Alzahrani Abdulhakeem , Alyahya Heba Khalil , Albadr Nawal A. , Chedadi Mohamed , Sfaira Mouhcine , Bari Amina
Published: October 2021

The present study was conducted to evaluate the anticorrosive and antioxidant activities of essential oil fromWithania frutescensL. In the present study, the extraction ofWithania frutescensL. essential oil (Wf-EO) was conducted using hydrodistillation before being characterized by gas chromatographic analysis (GC/MS) and flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Four bioassays were used for antioxidant testing including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching. The inhibiting effect of Wf-EO on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl was conducted by using polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The yield of Wf-EO was 0.46% including 175 compounds identified by GC-MS. The oil was mostly constituted of camphor (37.86%), followed by thujone (26.47%), carvacrol (6.84%), eucalyptol (3.18%), and linalool (2.20%). The anti–free radical activity of Wf-EO was 34.41 ± 0.91 μg/ml (DPPH), 9.67 ± 0.15 mg/ml (FRAP), 3.78 ± 0.41 mg AAE/g (TAC), and 89.94 ± 1.44% (β-carotene). The Wf-EO showed potent antioxidant activity in all bioassays used for testing. The anticorrosion activity, polarization curves as well as EIS diagrams indicated that the Wf-EO exhibited anticorrosive properties and reacted as a suitable corrosion inhibitor in an acidic medium.
Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Leucocyte- and Platelet Rich Fibrin Exudate Against Planktonic Porphyromonas gingivalis and Within Multi-Species Biofilm: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rodríguez Sánchez Fabio , Verspecht Tim , Castro Ana B. , Pauwels Martine , Andrés Carlos Rodríguez , Quirynen Marc , Teughels Wim
Published: October 2021

Leucocyte- and platelet rich fibrin (L-PRF) is an autologous biomaterial used in regenerative procedures. It has an antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis although the mechanism is not fully understood. It was hypothesized that L-PRF exudate releases hydrogen peroxide and antimicrobial peptides that inhibit P. gingivalis growth. Agar plate and planktonic culture experiments showed that the antimicrobial effect of L-PRF exudate against P. gingivalis was supressed by peroxidase or pepsin exposure. In developing multi-species biofilms, the antimicrobial effect of L-PRF exudate was blocked only by peroxidase, increasing P. gingivalis growth with 1.3 log genome equivalents. However, no effect was shown on other bacteria. Pre-formed multi-species biofilm trials showed no antimicrobial effect of L-PRF exudate against P. gingivalis or other species. Our findings showed that L-PRF exudate may release peroxide and peptides, which may be responsible for its antimicrobial effect against P. gingivalis. In addition, L-PRF exudate had an antimicrobial effect against P. gingivalis in an in vitro developing multi-species biofilm.
Quality Management for Point-Of-Care Testing of Pathogen Nucleic Acids: Chinese Expert Consensus
Authors: Mo Xi , Wang Xueliang , Zhu Zhaoqin , Yu Yuetian , Chang Dong , Zhang Xinxin , Li Dong , Sun Fenyong , Zhou Lin , Xu Jin , Zhang Hong , Gao Chunfang , Guan Ming , Xiao Yanqun , Wu Wenjuan
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 continues to circulate globally in 2021, while under the precise policy implementation of China’s public health system, the epidemic was quickly controlled, and society and the economy have recovered. During the pandemic response, nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2 has played an indispensable role in the first line of defence. In the cases of emergency operations or patients presenting at fever clinics, nucleic acid detection is required to be performed and reported quickly. Therefore, nucleic acid point-of-care testing (POCT) technology for SARS-CoV-2 identification has emerged, and has been widely carried out at all levels of medical institutions. SARS-CoV-2 POCT has served as a complementary test to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) batch tests, thus forming an experimental diagnosis platform that not only guarantees medical safety but also improves quality services. However, in view of the complexity of molecular diagnosis and the biosafety requirements involved, pathogen nucleic acid POCT is different from traditional blood-based physical and chemical index detection. No guidelines currently exist for POCT quality management, and there have been inconsistencies documented in practical operation. Therefore, Shanghai Society of Molecular Diagnostics, Shanghai Society of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology Division of Shanghai Society of Microbiology and Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory have cooperated with experts in laboratory medicine to generate the present expert consensus. Based on the current spectrum of major infectious diseases in China, the whole-process operation management of pathogen POCT, including its application scenarios, biosafety management, personnel qualification, performance verification, quality control, and result reporting, are described here. This expert consensus will aid in promoting the rational application and robust development of this technology in public health defence and hospital infection management.
A Deep Audiovisual Approach for Human Confidence Classification
Authors: Chanda Sushovan , Fitwe Kedar , Deshpande Gauri , Schuller Björn W. , Patel Sachin
Published: October 2021

Research on self-efficacy and confidence has spread across several subfields of psychology and neuroscience. The role of one’s confidence is very crucial in the formation of attitude and communication skills. The importance of differentiating the levels of confidence is quite visible in this domain. With the recent advances in extracting behavioral insight from a signal in multiple applications, detecting confidence is found to have great importance. One such prominent application is detecting confidence in interview conversations. We have collected an audiovisual data set of interview conversations with 34 candidates. Every response (from each of the candidate) of this data set is labeled with three levels of confidence: high, medium, and low. Furthermore, we have also developed algorithms to efficiently compute such behavioral confidence from speech and video. A deep learning architecture is proposed for detecting confidence levels (high, medium, and low) from an audiovisual clip recorded during an interview. The achieved unweighted average recall (UAR) reaches 85.9% on audio data and 73.6% on video data captured from an interview session.
Multiparametric Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Acute Myocarditis: Comparison of 2009 and 2018 Lake Louise Criteria With Endomyocardial Biopsy Confirmation
Authors: Li Shuang , Duan Xuejing , Feng Guangxun , Sirajuddin Arlene , Yin Gang , Zhuang Baiyan , He Jian , Xu Jing , Yang Wenjing , Wu Weichun , Sun Xiaoxin , Zhao Shihua , Wang Hongyue , Teng Zhongzhao , Lu Minjie
Published: October 2021

Background: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been shown to improve the diagnosis of myocarditis, but no systematic comparison of this technique is currently available. The purpose of this study was to compare the 2009 and 2018 Lake Louise Criteria (LLC) for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis using 3.0 T MRI with endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) as a reference and to provide the cutoff values for multiparametric CMR techniques.

Methods: A total of 73 patients (32 ± 14 years, 71.2% men) with clinically suspected myocarditis undergoing EMB and CMR with 3.0 T were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to EMB results (EMB-positive and -negative groups). The CMR protocol consisted of cine-SSFP, T2 STIR, T2 mapping, early and late gadolinium enhancement (EGE, LGE), and pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping. Their potential diagnostic ability was assessed with receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results: The myocardial T1 and T2 relaxation times were significantly higher in the EMB-positive group than in the EMB-negative group. Optimal cutoff values were 1,228 ms for T1 relaxation times and 58.5 ms for T2 relaxation times with sensitivities of 86.0 and 83.7% and specificities of 93.3 and 93.3%, respectively. The 2018 LLC had a better diagnostic performance than the 2009 LLC in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. T1 mapping + T2 mapping had the largest area under the curve (0.95) compared to other single or combined parameters (2018 LLC: 0.91; 2009 LLC: 0.76; T2 ratio: 0.71; EGEr: 0.67; LGE: 0.73; ). The diagnostic accuracy for the 2018 LLC was the highest (91.8%), followed by T1 mapping (89.0%) and T2 mapping (87.7%).

Conclusion: Emerging technologies such as T1/ T2 mapping have significantly improved the diagnostic performance of CMR for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis. The 2018 LLC provided the overall best diagnostic performance in acute myocarditis compared to other single standard CMR parameters or combined parameters. There was no significant gain when 2018LLC is combined with the EGE sequence.
Case Report: Probable Myocarditis After Covid-19 mRNA Vaccine in a Patient With Arrhythmogenic Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Alania-Torres Edgardo , Morillas-Climent Herminio , García-Escrivá Alexandre , Vinueza-Buitrón Paul , Poquet-Catalá Inmaculada , Zorio Esther , Sánchez-Lázaro Ignacio José , Galcerá-Jornet Emilio , Valle-Muñoz Alfonso
Published: October 2021

Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) is a rare heritable heart-muscle disorder characterized by a progressive loss of left ventricular myocardium and its replacement by fibrofatty tissue. Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that may occur secondary to infections, immune system activation or exposure to drugs. Hot phases of ALVC present with chest pain and troponin rise, mimicking acute viral myocarditis and indicate a progression of the disease. Recently, myocarditis has also been described as an infrequent complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) mRNA vaccines. We herein report for the first time a case of probable myocarditis induced by Covid-19 vaccine in a patient with previous medical history of ALVC. We aim to highlight the common characteristics of ALVC and Covid-19 vaccine myocarditis and work through the differential diagnosis of these two entities.
What Really Matters: Experiences of Emergency Remote Teaching in University Teaching and Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Erlam Gwen D. , Garrett Nick , Gasteiger Norina , Lau Kelvin , Hoare Kath , Agarwal Shivani , Haxell Ailsa
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and related lock downs have accelerated the need for online and remote teaching within university settings. However, due to the abrupt nature of the pandemic, many academic staff were not prepared for this forced transition. This study aimed to understand how the pandemic affected academics at a New Zealand university, with regards to their transition to emergency remote teaching. Specifically, it explores the challenges as well as benefits academics experienced during this transition. Recommendations for future online learning are also made. Academic staff (N= 67) at a New Zealand University completed an anonymous online survey. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Major challenges experienced included miscommunication from the university, concerns about student access to technology, finding a quiet space to work, lack of digital competence skills, too much screen-time, managing work hours, and work/life balance. Benefits included enhanced flexibility, enhanced teacher creativity, increasing autonomy of learners, and reduced commute time. Looking forward, academic staff desired future teaching to include blended learning and virtual immersion. New strategies of working remotely are being explored to facilitate teaching and learning while catering to the preferences and skills of both educators and students. Our findings honor the considerable agility of academic staff who sought to sustain and enhance excellence in remote education. At an institutional level our findings point to the need for staff to be supported by their institutions as they further refine their work within new-found spaces.
Children’s Motivation to Learn at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From Indian Parents
Authors: Mak Matthew H. C.
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced millions children worldwide to learn at home. Recent reports showed that this had a negative impact on children’s motivation to learn. The current study investigated what factors were associated with a child’s motivation during the pandemic and how parents motivated their children to learn at home. A total of 1,041 parents from India filled out a close-ended survey to help shed light on the issues. The results confirmed that children in India were significantly less motivated to learn during (vs before) the pandemic and revealed that a child’s motivation to learn at home was associated with multiple factors, such as household income, parents’ employment status, child’s academic achievement, and parent’s enjoyment in homeschooling. In contrast, the availability and usage of various technological resources bore no relation to a child’s motivation. Finally, the current data showed that Indian parents most frequently used TV time, words of encouragement, and play/game time as motivators; the least popular motivators were money, new toys, and physical punishment. Exploratory analyses showed that a child’s motivation to learn tended to be lower when parents used more physical punishment to “motivate” their children. These findings were discussed in relation to public/education policies.
LGR4 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated With Bone and Obesity Phenotypes in Chinese Female Nuclear Families
Authors: Shi Su-qin , Li Shan-shan , Zhang Xiao-ya , Wei Zhe , Fu Wen-zhen , He Jin-wei , Hu Yun-qiu , Li Miao , Zheng Li-li , Zhang Zhen-lin
Published: October 2021

Objective

The current study was conducted to determine whether peak bone mineral density (BMD) and obesity phenotypes are associated with certain LGR4 gene polymorphisms found in Chinese nuclear families with female children.

Methods

A total of 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in and around the LGR4 gene were identified in 1,300 subjects who were members of 390 Chinese nuclear families with female children. Then, BMD readings of the femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine as well as measurements of the total lean mass (TLM), total fat mass (TFM), and trunk fat mass were obtained via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The quantitative transmission disequilibrium test was used to analyze the associations between specific SNPs and LGR4 haplotypes and peak BMD as well as between LGR4 haplotypes and TLM, percent lean mass, TFM, percent fat mass, trunk fat mass, and body mass index (BMI).

Results

Here, rs7936621 was significantly associated with the BMD values for the total hip and lumbar spine, while rs10835171 and rs6484295 were associated with the trunk fat mass and BMI, respectively. Regarding the haplotypes, we found significant associations between GAA in block 2 and trunk fat mass and BMI, between AGCGT in block 3 and total hip BMD, between TGCTCC in block 5 and femoral neck BMD, and between TACTTC in block 5 and both lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD (all P-values < 0.05).

Conclusion

Genetic variations of the LGR4 gene are related to peak BMD, BMI, and trunk fat mass.
Vitamin D Status in Children With Short Stature: Accurate Determination of Serum Vitamin D Components Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Xu Bei , Feng Yue , Gan Lingling , Zhang Yamei , Jiang Wenqiang , Feng Jiafu , Yu Lin
Published: October 2021

Objective

Vitamin D is critical for calcium and bone metabolism. Vitamin D insufficiency impairs skeletal mineralization and bone growth rate during childhood, thus affecting height and health. Vitamin D status in children with short stature is sparsely reported. The purpose of the current study was to investigate various vitamin D components by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to better explore vitamin D storage of short-stature childrenin vivo.

Methods

Serum circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2], 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3, C3-epi] were accurately computed using the LC-MS/MS method. Total 25(OH)D [t-25(OH)D] and ratios of 25(OH)D2/25(OH)D3 and C3-epi/25(OH)D3 were then respectively calculated. Free 25(OH)D [f-25(OH)D] was also measured.

Results

25(OH)D3 and f-25(OH)D levels in short-stature subgroups 2 (school age: 7~12 years old) and 3 (adolescence: 13~18 years old) were significantly lower compared with those of healthy controls. By contrast, C3-epi levels and C3-epi/25(OH)D3 ratios in all the three short-stature subgroups were markedly higher than the corresponding healthy cases. Based on cutoff values developed by Endocrine Society Recommendation (but not suitable for methods 2 and 3), sufficient storage capacities of vitamin D in short-stature subgroups 1, 2, and 3 were 42.8%, 23.8%, and 9.0% as determined by Method 3 [25(OH)D2/3+25(OH)D3], which were lower than those of 57.1%, 28.6%, and 18.2% as determined by Method 1 [25(OH)D2+25(OH)D3+C3-epi] and 45.7%, 28.5%, and 13.6% as determined by Method 2 [25(OH)D2/3+25(OH)D3+C3-epi]. Levels of 25(OH)D2 were found to be weakly negatively correlated with those of 25(OH)D3, and higher 25(OH)D3 levels were positively correlated with higher levels of C3-epi in both short-stature and healthy control cohorts. Furthermore, f-25(OH)D levels were positively associated with 25(OH)D3 and C3-epi levels in children.

Conclusions

The current LC-MS/MS technique can not only separate 25(OH)D2 from 25(OH)D3 but also distinguish C3-epi from 25(OH)D3. Measurement of t-25(OH)D [25(OH)D2+25(OH)D3] alone may overestimate vitamin D storage in children, and short-stature children had lower vitamin D levels compared with healthy subjects. Ratios of C3-epi/25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2/25(OH)D3 might be alternative markers for vitamin D catabolism/storage in short-stature children. Further studies are needed to explore the relationships and physiological roles of various vitamin D metabolites.