bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limits and opportunities of SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid tests – an experience based perspective
Authors: Lüsebrink Jessica , Schildgen Oliver , Schildgen Verena
Published: September 2020

Due to the currently increasing case numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections worldwide there is an increasing need for rapid diagnostic devices in addition to existing PCR-capacities. Therefore, rapid antigen assays including lateral flow assays are discussed as an alternative method. In comparison to an established RT-PCR protocol, however the novel lateral flow assay unfortunately lowered the expectations set in these assays.
Factors associated with drinking behaviour during COVID-19 social distancing and lockdown among adults in the UK
Authors: Garnett Claire , Jackson Sarah , Oldham Melissa , Brown Jamie , Steptoe Andrew , Fancourt Daisy
Published: September 2020

Aim

To assess what factors were associated with reported changes to usual alcohol drinking behaviour during the start of lockdown in the UK.

Design

Online cross-sectional survey from 21stMarch to 4thApril 2020.

Setting

UK.

Participants

30,375 adults aged ≥ 18y.

Measurements

Changes in drinking over the past week, sociodemographic characteristics, diagnosed or suspected COVID-19, adherence to COVID-19 protective behaviours, stress about COVID-19, finances or boredom, recent drop in household income, key worker status, and health conditions.

Findings

Of 22,113 drinkers (65.7% of analytic sample), 48.1% (95% CI=47.0-49.1%) reported drinking about the same as usual, 25.7% (24.8-26.6%) reported drinking less than usual, and 26.2% (25.4-27.1%) reported drinking more than usual over the past week. Drinking less than usual was independently associated with being younger (OR=0.88 [95% CI=0.83-0.93]), male (OR=0.76 [0.68-0.84]), of an ethnic minority (OR=0.76 [0.61-0.97]), low annual household income (OR=0.74 [0.66-0.83]), having diagnosed or suspected COVID-19 (OR=2.04 [1.72-2.41]), adhering to COVID-19 protective behaviours (OR=1.58 [1.08-2.32]), being significantly stressed about becoming seriously ill from COVID-19 (OR=1.26 [1.08-1.48]) and not being a key worker (OR=0.87 [0.76-0.99]). Drinking more than usual was independently associated with being younger (OR=0.73 [0.69-0.78]), female (OR=1.36 [1.22-1.51]), post-16 qualifications (OR=1.21 [1.04-1.40]), high annual household income (OR=1.43 [1.27-1.61]), being significantly stressed about catching (OR=1.22 [1.03-1.45]) or becoming seriously ill from COVID-19 (OR=1.28 [1.10-1.48]), being significantly stressed about finances (OR=1.43 [1.24-1.66]), and having a diagnosed anxiety disorder (OR=1.24 [1.05-1.46]).

Conclusions

In a representative sample of adults in the UK, about half of drinkers reported drinking the same amount of alcohol as usual during the start of the COVID-19 related lockdown, with a quarter drinking more and a quarter drinking less than usual. Drinking more than usual was associated with being younger, female, high socioeconomic position, having an anxiety disorder, and being stressed about finances or COVID-19. These groups may benefit targeted alcohol reduction support if there are further periods of lockdown.

Registration

The analysis plan was pre-registered on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/pnrhq/).
New corrosion inhibitor for 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution
Authors: Liu Pingli , Zhu Yanhua , Zhao Liqiang
Published: September 2020

Purpose

A novel compound was synthesized by cyclohexylamine, acetophenone and cinnamaldehyde through Mannich reaction in laboratory to use as corrosion inhibitor for steel in acidification process.

Design/methodology/approach

The corrosion and inhibition of 13Cr stainless steel in conventional acidification solution were investigated by electrochemical measurements and soaking experiments. The corrosion appearance was observed with scanning electron microscope on the whole surface of 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution, and the protection film was confirmed on the surface in presence with inhibitor.

Findings

Results manifested that the inhibitor C23H27NO can effectively inhibit the corrosion reaction by forming an adsorption layer function as a barrier. Polarization curves indicated that the mixed inhibitor can reduce anodic dissolution and cathodic hydrogen evolution reactions simultaneously. The results of impedance measurements indicated that this inhibitor cannot change the corrosion mechanism of 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution. The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for the application of 13Cr stainless steel in conventional acidification solutions during oil well acidification construction process.

Originality/value

A novel compound was synthesized by cyclohexylamine, acetophenone and cinnamaldehyde through Mannich reaction in laboratory to use as corrosion inhibitor for steel in acidification process. The corrosion and anti-corrosion mechanism of 13Cr steel in acid solution was proposed.
Cultural distance and cross-border diffusion of innovation: a literature review
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Tian Mu , Hung Tsang Kai
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The objective of this study is to advance the understanding of the connection between cultural distance and the cross-border diffusion of innovations by conducting a systematic review and analysis of previous literature.

Design/methodology/approach

This study involved a literature review. A total of 35 articles published in ABS journals were identified from key management, international business and marketing journals. The articles were analyzed by the methodologies and findings presented.

Findings

The literature review shows that the adoption and diffusion of innovation and new products are bound to be deeply influenced by cultural distance. Specifically, national cultures influence the willingness of consumers to buy new products at both the individual and organizational levels; organizational culture plays a key role in the process of launching new products and diffusing innovations to the market. However, existing studies and their findings are fragmented and inconsistent. Controversial views remain regarding the impact of national cultural dimensions on the diffusion of innovation at the individual and organizational levels.

Originality/value

This is the first systematic review of the literature specifically focusing on the impact of cultural distance on the cross-border diffusion of innovation. In identifying the research gaps and limitations of extant studies, the authors point to avenues for future research to develop a more integrated research agenda for marketing, management and international business research.
Human factor in business process management: modeling competencies of BPM roles
Authors: Hrabal Martin , Tuček David , Molnár Vieroslav , Fedorko Gabriel
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The study proposes competence models for the roles of process owners, process analysts and industrial engineers based on qualitative research.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology is a combination of a questionnaire survey and interviewing in Czech companies, which develop the process approach. The proposed competence models can be utilized during business process management (BPM) implementation while appointing process owners, analysts and industrial engineers and their further development.

Findings

This paper emphasizes the role of human factor and presents research results concerning most important BPM roles and their competencies.

Research limitations/implications

There is lack of research (a research gap) in the field of BPM roles, what they do and what they should do.

Practical implications

A system of competence models is thus a tool for human resource management and should increase the success rate of BPM projects. Another possible utilization is in higher education in business administration.

Social implications

Another possible utilization is in higher education in business administration.

Originality/value

It proposes competence models for the roles of process owners, process analysts and industrial engineers based on qualitative research.
Compact dual mode X-band SIW bandpass filter with wide spurious suppression using split square ring slot resonator
Authors: Ramalingam Sandhya , Hyder Ali Umma Habiba , Chenniappan Sharmeela
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to design a dual mode X-band substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter in the conventional SIW structure. A pair of back-to-back square and split ring resonator is introduced in the single-layer SIW bandpass filter. The various coupling configurations of SIW bandpass filter using split square ring slot resonator is designed to obtain dual resonant mode in the passband. It is shown that the measured results agree with the simulated results to meet compact size, lower the transmission coefficient, better reflection coefficient, sharp sideband rejection and minimal group delay.

Design/methodology/approach

A spurious suppression of wideband response is suppressed using an open stub in the transmission line. The width and length of the stub are tuned to suppress the wideband spurs in the stopband. The measured 3 dB bandwidth is from 8.76 to 14.24 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 48.04% at a center frequency of 11.63 GHz, 12.59 GHz. The structure is analyzed using the equivalent circuit model, and the simulated analysis is based on an advanced design system software.

Findings

This paper discusses the characteristics of resonator below the waveguide cut-off frequency with their working principles and applications. Considering the difficulties in combining the resonators with a metallic waveguide, a new guided wave structure – the SIW is designed, which is synthesized on a planar substrate with linear periodic arrays of metallized via based on the printed circuit board.

Originality/value

This study has investigated the wave propagation problem of the SIW loaded by square ring slot-loaded resonator. The electric dipole nature of the resonator has been used to achieve a forward passband in a waveguide environment. The proposed filters have numerous advantages such as high-quality factor, low insertion loss, easy to integrate with the other planar circuits and, most importantly, compact size.
Impact of point source on fissured poroelastic medium: Green’s function approach
Authors: Gupta Shishir , Das Soumik , Dutta Rachaita
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mathematical model comprising a heterogeneous fluid-saturated fissured porous layer overlying a non-homogeneous anisotropic fluid-saturated porous half-space without fissures. The influence of point source on horizontally polarized shear-wave (SH-wave) propagation has been studied intensely.

Design/methodology/approach

Techniques of Green’s function and Fourier transform are applied to acquire displacement components, and with the help of boundary conditions, complex frequency equation has been constructed.

Findings

Complex frequency relation leads to two distinct equations featuring dispersion and attenuation properties of SH-wave in a heterogeneous fissured porous medium. Using MATHEMATICA software, dispersion and damping curves are sketched to disclose the effects of heterogeneity parameters associated with both media, parameters related to rigidity and density of single porous half-space, attenuation coefficient, wave velocity, total porosity, volume fraction of fissures and anisotropy. The fact of obtaining classical Love wave equation by introducing several particular conditions establishes the validation of the considered model.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, effect of point source on SH-wave propagating in porous layer containing macro as well as micro porosity is not analysed so far, although theory of fissured poroelasticity itself has vast applications in real life and impact of point source not only enhances the importance of fissured porous materials but also opens a new area for future research.
Placing products in humorous scenes: its impact on brand perceptions
Authors: Chan Fanny Fong Yee , Lowe Ben
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This study aims to extend the literature on marketing communications by exploring the effect of placing products in humorous scenes. It aims to ascertain the prevalence of placement scenes associated with humor in television programs and the effect of humor on brand persuasiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used a two-phase research process. A content analysis of prime-time television programing was conducted to map the relative prevalence of brands placed in humorous contexts and for the selection of research stimuli. This was followed by a large-scale experimental study of 1,100 television viewers in Hong Kong with real stimuli that had been digitally manipulated.

Findings

The study found that a humorous context did enhance recall of placed brands but its effect on brand attitudes was mediated by audience involvement in the viewing and moderated by psychological trait reactance. Interestingly, and in contrast to conventional advertising, placing brands in a humorous context led to lower involvement in the viewing, which, in turn, resulted in lower brand attitudes. Individuals with low trait reactance were more positive toward brands placed in a non-humorous context than individuals with high trait reactance while individuals with high trait reactance were more positive toward brands placed in a humorous context, though the difference was less prominent.

Research limitations/implications

The findings help to illustrate when and how a humorous context contributes to the recall of and attitudes toward placed brands.

Practical implications

The results also facilitate marketers and program producers to choose the best placement context and design more effective placement strategies.

Originality/value

This research is the first to empirically examine the effect of a humorous context on the unaided recall of and attitudes toward brands placed in television programs.
Predictive value of horizon scanning for future scenarios
Authors: Washida Yuichi , Yahata Akihisa
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to measure the predictive value of future scenarios prepared using horizon scanning. The future scenarios prepared at the initiative of the Japanese Government have had low predictive value. They have frequently failed to contribute to industrial development and caused social loss. Horizon scanning, which is a key methodology applied in foresight activities, has begun to be used in countries as part of their national innovation systems in lieu of conventional forecasting methods based on the assumption of technological innovation. Research was conducted to actually measure the predictive value of future scenarios prepared using horizon scanning.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey in Japan was conducted on ordinary people’s attitudes. The questionnaires presented 20 scenarios regarding future society, which were created with the conventional method or horizon scanning method.

Findings

Survey results verified that horizon scanning-based scenarios provided significantly higher predictive value than scenarios prepared using conventional methods.

Practical implications

Implication 1: By eliminating bias in input data and perspectives adopted when considering scenarios, it may be expected that scenarios will be derived that have even higher “predictive value.” Implication 2: By setting the layers of anticipated outputs high and the fields broad, it may be expected that scenarios will be derived that have even greater “change.”

Originality/value

The relatively high rate for the predictive value of the horizon scanning method, more than 40%, validated in this study was significant.
Comparing crisis management practices in the hotel industry between initial and pandemic stages of COVID-19
Authors: Lai Ivan Ka Wai , Wong Jose Weng Chou
Published: September 2020

Purpose

Given the increasing number of travel restrictions, the COVID-19 outbreak has dealt a crippling blow to the hotel industry, and the crisis management practices supporting the industry needs are changing as the pandemic continues. This study aims to compare how the hotel industry has responded to this crisis at the initial stage and the pandemic stage.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from hotel managers in Macau in two occasions, namely, early February and early April 2020. Importance-usage-performance analysis was conducted to classify six categories of practices (pricing, marketing, maintenance, human resources, government assistance and epidemic prevention) into four executable crisis management strategies (priority, maintain, low priority and possible overkill) for each stage. Follow-up in-person interviews were conducted to validate the results of the study.

Findings

In the initial stage, priority strategies should be applied in all epidemic prevention, pricing and maintenance practices and in two governmental assistance and human resources practices. In the pandemic stage, all epidemic prevention practices remain at the priority quadrant, but two pricing practices are downgraded. Hotels tended to force labour into unpaid vacations (furlough) and postpone office and system maintenance. Governmental assistance should be at a low priority.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the knowledge of contingency planning for crisis management across crisis periods. It also demonstrates the processes of importance-usage-performance analysis for researchers to undertake further studies in tourism crisis management. Timely recommendations for governments and hotel industry stakeholders are provided to cope with this crisis.
The impact of social capital and knowledge sharing intention on restaurants’ new product development
Authors: Chowdhury Mesbahuddin , Prayag Girish , Patwardhan Vidya , Kumar Nischal
Published: September 2020

Purpose

Using social capital theory, this study aims to investigate internal social capital (ISC) and external social capital (ESC) as determinants of knowledge sharing intention (KSI) and new product development (NPD) in high-end restaurants.

Design/methodology/approach

A theoretical model is developed and tested using data collected from 523 respondents (owners/proprietors, partners and managers) from high-end restaurants in Karnataka, India. Partial least square structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data.

Findings

The results suggest that ISC has a significant and positive influence on ESC. This highlights the important role of ISC in building ESC. While ISC has a positive relationship with KSI, ESC has no influence on KSI. KSI has a positive effect on NPD.

Practical implications

Restaurant managers and owners should invest time and resources in building ISC by nurturing relationships with employees and partners. Encouraging and rewarding collaborative behaviors internally will facilitate the development of external relationships. Results also suggest the existence of an optimum level of knowledge sharing with external partners in restaurants.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between ISC and ESC, and test the effects of both KSI and NPD in high-end restaurants.
A network flow-based model for operations planning in home health care delivery
Authors: Castaño Fabián , Velasco Nubia
Published: September 2020

Purpose

To solve the problem, a mathematical model is proposed; it relies on a directed acyclic graph (DAG), in which arcs are used to indicate whether a pair of appointments can be assigned to the same route or not (and so to the same care worker). The proposed model aims at minimizing the personnel required to meet daily demand and balancing workloads among the workers while considering the varying traffic patterns derived from traffic congestion.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper aims at providing solution approaches for addressing the problem of assigning care workers to deliver home health-care (HHC) services, demanding different skills each. First, a capacity planning problem is considered, where it is necessary to define the number of workers required to satisfy patients' requests and then, patients are assigned to the care workers along with the sequence followed to visit them, thus solving a scheduling problem. The benefits obtained by permitting patients to propose multiple time slots where they can be served are also explored.

Findings

The results indicate that the problem can be efficiently solved for medium-sized instances, that is, up to 100 daily patient requests. It is also indicated that asking patients to propose several moments when they can receive services helps to minimize the need for care workers through more efficient route allocations without affecting significantly the balance of the workloads.

Originality/value

This article provides a new framework for modeling and solving a HHC routing problem with multiskilled personnel. The proposed model can be used to identify efficient daily plans and can handle realistic characteristics such as time-dependent travel times or be extended to other real-life applications such as maintenance scheduling problems.
Green human resource management, corporate social responsibility and customer relationship management: relationship analysis in the Brazilian context
Authors: Freitas Wesley Ricardo de Souza , Caldeira Oliveira Jorge Henrique , Teixeira Adriano Alves , Stefanelli Nelson Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze green human resource management's (GHRM’s) relationships with corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer relationship management in Brazilian companies.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 142 companies – from the electro-electronics, mechanical metals, packaging, footwear and plastics industries – was examined using the partial least squares method.

Findings

The results reveal that GHRM practices positively influence CSR practices, which act as a moderating construct to positively influence customer relationship management.

Research limitations/implications

The results cannot be generalized due to the non-probabilistic sampling used; however, the results meet the requirements of the statistical methodology.

Practical implications

These findings contribute to business managers' decision-making, as they demonstrate that organizations must develop a consistent culture focused on social and environmental issues. This also reveals that the human resources field can contribute to developing a socially correct company, with the subsequent possibility of satisfying customers to retain and create customer loyalty.

Social implications

The results show that for a company to be sustainable from an economic, social, and environmental perspective, the involvement of human resource management is fundamental.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to academia by presenting a new theoretical model, tested using a sample of Brazilian companies, which illuminates GHRM as an area still under development.
The synergistic effect of carbon materials on properties of copper-based friction materials
Authors: Xueyang Lin , Rutie Liu , Lin Wang , Zhengzhou Li , Xiang Xiong , Ning Liao , Jie Chen
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effect of combined use of granular graphite and petroleum coke on the properties of copper-based friction materials and the friction and wear mechanisms.

Design/methodology/approach

Copper-based friction materials with different proportions of petroleum coke and granular graphite were prepared by using powder metallurgy. The friction surfaces were analyzed.

Findings

Changing the ratio of petroleum coke/granular graphite affects the formation of oxides and sulfides on the surface of the materials. Increasing the petroleum coke promotes the production of metal sulfide and sulfate in the friction materials and reduces coefficient of friction (COF) and wear. Increasing petroleum coke also increases the amount of carbonic oxide (CO) released during the braking process and promotes the reduction process of iron oxide on the friction surface.

Originality/value

The synergistic effect of carbon materials on copper-based friction materials was studied in terms of the tribological chemical reaction. This research provides useful information for the selection of carbon materials in friction materials.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-02-2020-0075/
Understanding the information diffusion of tweets of a non-profit organization that targets female audiences: an examination of Women Who Code's tweets
Authors: Chung Angie , Woo Hongjoo , Lee Kangbok
Published: September 2020

Purpose

There is a growing interest in the way non-profit organizations can use Twitter strategically to communicate their message, but little attention has been paid to the way content categories and features may facilitate retweets of messages of a non-profit organization that targets women as its audience. Based on stakeholder theory, this study aims to fill this gap by analyzing Women Who Code (WWC)'s tweets to examine whether there are any differences in the number of retweets with respect to the content categories (information, community or action) and features (hashtags, emojis, photos, videos and URLs) in its Twitter communications.

Design/methodology/approach

WWC's original tweets that were posted during a one-year period from February 20, 2018 to February 20, 2019 were collected using a Twitter analytics tool. The content categories for each tweet were coded, and the number of hashtags and emojis used and the inclusion of photos, videos and URLs were noted. A negative binomial regression model was used to address the research questions.

Findings

The findings showed that with respect to the content categories, community and action-based tweets were retweeted less frequently than informational tweets. With respect to the content features, the results showed that using emojis or URLs in a tweet affected retweets positively, while including hashtags or a video affected them negatively. Further, using photos or images in a tweet had no significant effect on retweets.

Originality/value

These findings contribute to our understanding of non-profit organizations' use of Twitter and provide practical implications for the way non-profit organizations that target female audiences interested in technology can disseminate their messages more strategically.
Peer groups, street gangs and organised crime in the narratives of adolescent male offenders
Authors: Ashton Sally-Ann , Bussu Anna
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how young people who offend with others define delinquent and criminal groups and consider the social risk factors associated with gang membership and criminal exploitation.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample consisted of 15 young people who were purposively sampled from a group of 14- to 17-year-old males who had been identified as at risk of gang involvement and referred to a community-based programme. Using a social identity framework, a thematic analysis was undertaken to investigate how the participants viewed their role in offending as part of a group.

Findings

The participants identified peer groups, street gangs and the involvement of adult criminals as distinct categories of offending groups. Unlike prior models for gang involvement, some members of the sample were involved in multiple groups to perform different categories of crime. Importantly, participants displayed an awareness of exploitation and described successful exit strategies from criminal groups.

Research limitations/implications

Understanding how young people who are involved in delinquent behaviour and offending define gang and group offending.

Practical implications

The implications for gang and group offending prevention and intervention programmes are discussed.

Originality/value

The literature on child criminal exploitation and UK drug markets is in its infancy. This paper offers further evidence for the processes of joining and leaving delinquent and criminal groups.
Time-varying monetary policy reaction function under asymmetric preferences: revisiting the Brazilian inflation targeting experience
Authors: Ferreira Diego , Palma Andreza Aparecida , Hasegawa Marcos Minoru
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This paper analyzes the potential presence of time-varying asymmetries in the preference parameters of the Central Bank of Brazil during the inflation targeting regime.

Design/methodology/approach

Given the econometric issues inherent to classical time-varying parameter (TVP) regressions, a Bayesian estimation procedure is implemented in order to provide more robust parameter estimates. A stochastic volatility specification is also included to take into account the potential presence of conditional heteroskedasticity.

Findings

The obtained results show that the reduced form and structural parameters were not constant during the period considered. Moreover, the subsequent analysis of the preference parameters provided evidences of short periods in which asymmetry was an important feature to the conduction of monetary policy in Brazil. Yet, during most of the sample period, the loss function was considered to be symmetrical.

Originality/value

This paper aims to contribute to the rather scarce monetary debate on time-varying central bank preferences. The study of Lopes and Aragón (2014) is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the only study for Brazil considering specifically TVPs. The authors applied Kalman filter estimation to data from 2000:M1 to 2011:M12. Despite the similar structure of TVPs, the present paper extends the latter study by controlling for stochastic volatility. Ignoring conditional heteroskedasticity might lead to spurious movements in time-varying variables and inaccurate inference (Hamilton, 2010). Thus, the stochastic volatility specification is included to take this issue into account. The authors follow the theoretical scheme put forward by Surico (2007) and Aragón and Portugal (2010), in which the economy is modeled from a New Keynesian perspective and the central bank loss function is assumed to be asymmetric regarding the responses to inflation and output deviations from their targets. On the empirical side, the authors propose a TVP univariate regression with stochastic volatility for the Brazilian reduced-form reaction function, following closely the Bayesian econometric procedure developed by Nakajima (2011). Given the nonlinear non-Gaussian nature of the TVP regression with stochastic volatility, the choice of a nonlinear Bayesian approach using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is justified due to the intractability of the associated likelihood function (Primiceri, 2005). Finally, based on the theoretical model specification, the authors intend to recover the central bank preference parameters as to further evaluate the degree of asymmetry and its potential time-variation under the inflation targeting regime.
Reliability and validity of a post-traumatic checklist-5 (PCL-5) among fire and rescue officers in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Mat Salleh Muhammad Naim , Ismail Halim , Mohd Yusoff Hanizah
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This study is to establish the validity and reliability of Malay version of Post-traumatic Check List-5 (MPCL-5) among the fire and rescue officers in the state of Selangor, Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional study was conducted, which involved 100 firefighters from the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Construct validity, internal consistency, and concurrent validity were performed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Concurrent validity was tested with validated Malay version of Trauma Screen Questionnaire (TSQ-M).

Findings

Overall internal consistency reliability was a 0.960 and individual construct Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.827 to 0.926. The model, which consists of four constructs with 20 items, demonstrated the presence of acceptable loading factors. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) are 0.81, 0.65, 0.31 and 0.95 respectively at an optimum cut-off score of 35.

Research limitations/implications

The Post Traumatic Check List 5 (PCL-5) is the latest tool based on DSM-5 developed recently and still having limited studies on the psychometric properties of the tool in local population and the findings produced are comparable with the results from validation from previous studies. The study limitations are population samples used are considering the minimum numbers of sample for each item for factor analysis and the concurrent validation was tested with the TSQ-M instead of the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5).

Practical implications

The study suggested that MPCL-5 is acceptable to be used to measure post-traumatic stress disorder in local populations.

Originality/value

There are limited known validation studies for PCL-5 in local populations and this is the first study done among fire and rescue officers in Malaysia. The results are comparable with findings from previous studies and therefore MPCL-5 are valid and reliable for PTSD screening.
Estimation of unknown parameters using partially observed data
Authors: Lim Eunji
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This paper considers the complex stochastic systems such as supply chains, whose dynamics are controlled by an unknown parameter such as the arrival or service rates. The purpose of this paper is to provide a simulation-based estimator of the unknown parameter when only partially observed data on the underlying system is available.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed method treats the unknown parameter as a random variable and estimates the parameter by computing the conditional expectation of the random variable given the partially observed data. This study then express the conditional expectation as a weighted sum of reverse conditional probabilities using Bayes’ rule. The reverse conditional probabilities are estimated using simulation.

Findings

The simulation studies indicate that the proposed estimator converges to the true value of the conditional expectation as the computer time allocated to the simulation increases. The proposed estimator is computed within a few seconds in all of the numerical examples, which demonstrates its time efficiency.

Originality/value

Most of the existing methods for estimating an unknown parameter require a significant amount of simulation, causing long computation delays. The proposed method requires a single simulation run for each candidate of the unknown parameter. Thus, it is designed to carry a significantly reduced computational burden. This feature will enable managers to use the proposed method when making real-time decisions.
Satisfaction in sports: a meta-analytic study
Authors: Santini Fernando De Oliveira , Ladeira Wagner Junior , Sampaio Claudio Hoffmann , Fagundes Andre Francisco Alcântara , Henz Miriam Mariani
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This article aims to perform a meta-analysis through a systematic review that will identify the main antecedents and consequents of the satisfaction of sports spectators.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a total of 927 papers that studied satisfaction in the context of sports and directly analyzed 51 papers that presented quantitative data. This review of the existing literature resulted in 18 antecedent constructs and identified four constructs consequent to the satisfaction of sports spectators.

Findings

The results showed 21 positive relations and 1 negative relation with the satisfaction of sports spectators. A significant moderating effect of some cultural orientations and levels of human development are identified. The results demonstrate that the effect between interaction quality and satisfaction on the one hand, and satisfaction and behavioral intention on the other, is stronger for Eastern countries and those with a higher level of economic development.

Originality/value

This meta-analytic study advances the understanding of biases present in primary studies with various limitations. Using the proposed approach, it is possible to generate accurate estimates of the effect size in each analyzed relationship, as the meta-analytic method jointly evaluates the results produced by a great variety of studies performed in different contexts, making it possible to draw more accurate conclusions.
When spaces collide: exploring the dual responsibilities of operations managers
Authors: Curry Amanda , Hersinger Anders
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the ways in which notions of space, constituted by management accounting and operations, interact, conflict and are understood by operations managers in a variety of situations within the context of iron ore mining. The authors address a dual question: How do accounting space and production space relate to each other? And what does it mean for operations managers to reside in both those spaces at once?

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is based on field studies at a mining company involving operations managers who experience tensions between accounting and production responsibilities and must prioritize between different courses of action to create value.

Findings

In contrast to the view that management accounting poses a problem for operations managers in production environments, the authors show how especially discursive tensions foster reflection and choice. Operations managers prioritize their actions in accordance with management accounting or operations based on how they experience and reflect upon the tensions they encounter, dominating artifacts and their experienced relation to space. Operations managers are not tied to specific spaces, but they prioritize their responsibility to management accounting or operations depending on the space to which they feel a sense of belongingness.

Originality/value

Drawing upon a conceptualization of tensions between management accounting and operations as a spatial phenomenon, it is possible to understand the dilemmas experienced by operations managers in a dynamic and relational way. The authors propose that viewing tensions between management accounting and production as spatial phenomena enables a novel understanding of how such tensions can create reflexivity in responsibility with operations managers.
Common thread: The Fifth Discipline from a liberal arts college perspective
Authors: Schneper William D.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

Liberal arts colleges (LACs) have played a crucial role in the foundation and development of the US higher education system. Today, these schools face numerous organizational and environmental challenges that threaten their performance and even survival. This paper aims to examine whether Senge’s (1990) vision of the learning organization can serve a useful function in responding to these challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual analysis was conducted based on research relating to learning organizations, LACs and the liberal arts tradition.

Findings

The paper identifies significant congruence between learning organization and liberal arts/liberal learning principles. LACs may benefit from applying and modifying Senge’s (1990) framework to their own unique situations.

Originality/value

While The Fifth Discipline has certainly contributed to the lexicon of higher education, the role that Senge’s (1990) framework plays in LACs has received scant research attention. This paper investigates the applicability of Senge’s approach to an underexplored context.
Interventions to support Choosing Wisely for coagulation studies in the emergency department
Authors: Kalsi Mandeep S , Foo Chuan Tai , Farzanehfar Parisa , Ayoub Sandy , Tacey Mark , Pearson Kristen
Published: September 2020

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of two different strategies designed to facilitate implementation of Choosing Wisely Australia guidelines, aiming to reduce unnecessary coagulation study blood tests in patients presenting to a metropolitan hospital ED.

Method

In this real‐world quality improvement study, the first intervention tested was an education strategy. The second intervention was physically removing coagulation pathology tubes from the bedside trolleys in the ED. Data were collected about clinical appropriateness of testing, as per the Choosing Wisely Australia guideline and total volume of coagulation studies ordered.

Results

No reduction in inappropriate coagulation testing was observed following the education intervention whereas a significant reduction in inappropriate coagulation testing was seen after the second intervention (inappropriate testing reduced from 73.8% to 53.0%).

Conclusion

Physically removing coagulation pathology tubes from the trolleys was found to be effective at reducing unnecessary testing.
Personal protective equipment in the paediatric emergency department during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Estimating requirements based on staff numbers and patient presentations
Authors: O'Leary Fenton , Pobre Karl , Mariano Maricel , Tan Ker Fern , Jani Shefali
Published: September 2020

Objective

To estimate the personal protective equipment (PPE) required in a paediatric ED during the COVID‐19 pandemic comparing the use per patient to use per patient zone, based on the NSW Clinical Excellence Commission (CEC) guidelines in place at the time of the study.

Methods

A retrospective case note review of all patients and staff present in the ED of The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia in the 24 h period of Sunday 5 April 2020. The primary outcome of PPE estimates was generated from identifying the number of patient contacts and aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) performed per patient as well as the number of staff on shift.

Results

One hundred patients attended the ED (50% of usual) and all were included in the study. For a low‐risk community environment allocating PPE per patient contact required 48 face shields, 382 surgical masks, 48 N95 masks and 430 gowns for the day, increasing to 430 face shields, 331 surgical masks, 430 N95 masks and 761 gowns in a high‐risk community environment. Allocating PPE using zoning reduces the requirement to 48 face shields, 192 surgical masks, 48 N95 masks and 204 gowns, increasing to 196 face shields, 96 surgical masks, 196 N95 masks and 292 gowns per day in a high‐risk community environment.

Conclusion

This study has demonstrated the considerable requirement for PPE in a paediatric ED, which varies according to presentation type and the background prevalence of COVID‐19 in the community.
Spreading of Trioza apicalis and development of “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” infection on carrot in the field conditions
Authors: Nissinen Anne I. , Haapalainen Minna , Ojanen Hannu , Pirhonen Minna , Jauhiainen Lauri
Published: September 2020

Carrot cultivation in Europe is suffering from infections with “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (CLso), a psyllid‐transmitted bacterial pathogen. In this study, field experiments were carried out in Finland to separately measure the effects of psyllid feeding damage and CLso infection on the carrot root growth and to reveal the dynamics of the spreading of CLso within the field. Most of the experiments were carried out during the summers 2016 and 2017, and a follow‐up sampling was performed in 2018. Carrot psyllid (Trioza apicalis) flight activity was monitored and carrots were sampled at 25 points within the field. Early in the season a clear spatial correlation was found between the sampling sites showing the psyllid feeding damage, that is, leaf‐curling, up to the range of 40–60 m, indicating aggregation behaviour of the psyllids. No CLso infections were detected in the first sampling, which was performed before the psyllid flight peak in both years. Later, a positive correlation between the psyllid feeding damage and the CLso titre was observed. An increase in the CLso titre occurred approximately a month after the psyllid flight peak, and this increase correlated with the accumulating effective temperature sum. In 2016, both the psyllid feeding damage and CLso infection had a significant effect on the carrot root weight. The effect of CLso titre on root weight was nonlinear, that is, it intensified rapidly at the highest bacterial titres. During the colder summer of 2017 the CLso titres did not reach high enough levels in the plants to cause substantial visible symptoms and root growth reduction. Thus, it seems that in the Nordic conditions the effect of CLso infection on carrot yield is strongly dependent on the weather conditions during the growing season.
Correlation of the lumbar dural sac dimension with the spread of spinal anesthesia in elderly female patients: A prospective observational study
Authors: Chang Jee‐Eun , Kim Hyerim , Oh Yoomin , Hwang Jin‐Young
Published: September 2020

Background

To test a hypothesis that the dural sac dimension would be correlated with the spinal block level, we evaluated the correlation between the lumbar dural sac dimension and the spread of spinal anesthesia in elderly women.

Methods

In 40 women over the age of 65 years, the lumbar dural sac dimensions were measured at the L2‐L3, L3‐L4, L4‐L5, and L5‐S1 intervertebral spaces using ultrasonography in the lateral decubitus position, followed by the administration of spinal anesthesia. The correlation coefficients were analyzed for the lumbar dural sac dimension at each intervertebral level, peak sensory block level, peak motor block, time to peak sensory and peak motor blockade, durations of sensory and motor blockade, and patient characteristics. We subsequently analyzed the partial correlations between the lumbar dural sac dimension and the outcomes of spinal anesthesia, while adjusting for age, body mass index, and waist circumference.

Results

Peak sensory block level was inversely correlated with each lumbar sac dimension: L2‐L3 (ρ = −0.37, P = .029), L3‐L4 (ρ = −0.57, P < .001), L4‐L5 (ρ = −0.65, P < .001), and L5‐S1 (ρ = −0.49, P = .002) intervertebral spaces. Partial correlation analysis with adjustment for age, body mass index, and waist circumference revealed inverse correlations between the lumbar dural sac dimension at the following intervertebral spaces and peak sensory block level: L3‐L4 (r = −.52, P = .003), L4‐L5 (r = −.76, P < .001), and L5‐S1 (r = −.65, P < .001).

Conclusions

Outcomes of ultrasonographic investigation revealed an inverse correlation between the lumbar dural sac dimension and peak sensory block level in elderly women.