bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Negative Impact of Predatory Pricing Practice to Fair Competition (The Study of KPPU Decision Number 03/KPPU-L/2020)
Authors: Satrio Puruhito Muhammad Alfath , Siti Anisah
Published: September 2024

This study analyzes the KPPU Decision Number 03/KPPU-L/2020 pertaining to the case of predatory pricing in South Kalimantan’s cement industry. In this particular case, the Reported is a company that enters the cement market in 2015, and rapidly increases its market share while the other competitors experience a decline. The analysis reveals that the evidence supports the proof of predatory pricing through the Pre-Cost Test and Recoupment Test approaches, and also by implementing the Rule of Reason approach. This predatory pricing practice has a negative impact that widespreads and lessens fair competition, harms consumers, inhibits innovation, and potentially creates monopoly. A sharp decline of price forces other competitors to exit the market and the rest to experience financial loss. The implication is not only suffered by business actors, but also by the economy as a whole. The government and supervisory bodies have to supervise, apply effective test, and create collaboration between business actors, the government, and consumers in order to maintain fair competition. The importance of the Rule of Reason approach is also emphasized to prevent excessive scrutiny towards legitimate business practices. It is expected that these steps will be able to create a business environment that is just, innovative, sustainable, and one that protects consumers and public interest altogether.Keywords: Analysis, Negative Impact, Cement Industry, Predatory Pricing, KPPU Decision
AbstrakStudi ini menganalisis Putusan Nomor 03/KPPU-L/2020 tentang kasus predatory pricing di industri semen Kalimantan Selatan. Dalam kasus ini, terlapor adalah perusahaan baru yang memasuki pasar semen pada 2015, dengan cepat meningkatkan pangsa pasarnya sementara pesaing mengalami penurunan. Analisis mengungkapkan bahwa bukti mendukung pembuktian predatory pricing melalui pendekatan pre-cost test dan recoupment test, dengan menerapkan pendekatan rule of reason. Praktik predatory pricing ini memiliki dampak negatif yang meluas, termasuk penurunan persaingan sehat, merugikan konsumen, menghambat inovasi, dan potensial menciptakan monopoli. Penurunan harga yang tajam mengancam pesaing keluar dari pasar dan pesaing lain mengalami penurunan pendapatan. Implikasinya tidak hanya pada pelaku usaha, tetapi juga ekonomi secara keseluruhan. Pemerintah dan lembaga pengawas harus melakukan pengawasan, menerapkan uji efektif, serta kolaborasi antara pelaku usaha, pemerintah, dan konsumen untuk menjaga persaingan sehat. Pentingnya pendekatan rule of reason juga ditekankan untuk menghindari penilaian berlebihan terhadap praktik bisnis yang sah. Diharapkan langkah-langkah ini mampu menciptakan lingkungan bisnis adil, inovatif, dan berkelanjutan, melindungi kepentingan konsumen serta masyarakat secara menyeluruh.Kata Kunci: analisis, dampak negatif, industri semen, predatory pricing, Putusan KPPU.
Study 0n Identification Of Poisonous and Non-Toxic Mushrooms Using the Cart-Logitboost Algorithm
Authors: Aprihartha Moch anjas , Putrawan Zulhandi , Zulhan Dicky , Nurfaizal Fatma Ahardika
Published: September 2024

Mushrooms are one of the groups of living organisms in the fungal regnum which have umbrella-like body characteristics. The body consists of an upright part that functions as a rod to support the hood as well as a hood that is horizontal and rounded with different color variations. There are types of mushrooms that can be a food source for humans. Some types of mushrooms can be eaten or processed like other foods. Apart from that, some types of mushrooms are dangerous if consumed by humans because they are poisonous. Based on these problems, this study offers a new contribution in identifying types of poisonous and non-toxic mushrooms based on mushroom characteristics using the CART algorithm combined with the LogitBoost boosting algorithm. The aim of this research can be used as material for further studies in making tools that can effectively and accurately differentiate between poisonous and non-toxic types of mushrooms. This can help reduce cases of poisoning due to consumption of poisonous mushrooms. The data used is secondary data from public sources UCI Machine Learning Repository. Evaluation of model performance resulted in an accuracy of 98.79%; recall 98.70%; specificity 98.85%; precision 98.56%; F1-Score 98.63%, and AUC 0.9876. These results show that the model is very effective in detecting poisonous mushrooms and has minimal errors in classification.
Modeling of Regency/City Unemployment Rates in Java Island Using Multilevel Binary Logistic Regression
Authors: Dewanti Dhea , Kapiluka Kristuisno Martsuyanto , Sembiring Febryna , Alfira Ajeng Bita , Kurnia Anang
Published: September 2024

Multilevel binary logistic regression analysis is a development of logistic regression for hierarchical data structures. Hierarchical data is data from a population that has levels. This research examines the relationship model of Life Expectancy, Mean Years of Schooling, Expected Years of Schooling, Regency/City Minimum Wage as explanatory variables at level 1 (Regency) and Gross Regional Domestic Income (GRDP) as an explanatory variable at level 2 (Provincial) against Unemployment Rate (UR) as a response variable. The research results show that Life Expectancy and Minimum Wage at level 1 and GRDP at level 2 have a significant influence on district/city TPT on Java Island in 2022
On quinary semiring and properties of its special subsets
Authors: Janan Tuhfatul
Published: September 2024

In this research, we will discuss about quinary semiring and properties of its special subsets. This concept is a generalization of ternary semiring. If ternary semiring only involves 3 elements in multiplication operation, then in quinary semiring there are 5 elements involved. The method in this research is a literature study on articles in international journals. In        this research, some definitions and properties of quinary semiring and some ideals are given, such as prime ideal, completely semiprime ideal, ideal which has insertion property, and prime radical. In addition, special subsets of quinary semiring are defined by  and . Next, we give some properties of these special subsets.
Survival Analysis of Penile Cancer Patients Using Cox-Proportional Hazard and GPT-4
Authors: Wiyanti Wiwik
Published: September 2024

Today, in 2024, the evolution of the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) is very impressive. An AI product that continues to develop is ChatGPT. The threat of ChatGPT to some job professions is real. Beside that, ChatGPT also helps many professions make their work easier. In this research, we analyze the survival analysis of penile cancer patients. The design of this research is mixed-method (quantitative-qualitative). The quantitative and qualitative methods that were used are Cox-proportional hazards and GPT-4, respectively. Based on quantitative analysis, it can be concluded that the Survival and Hazard model for study penile cancer are  and  , respectively. The predicted chances of survival and death for the patient in stage 2, 14 days after surgery, are 40% and 60%, respectively. Based on qualitative analysis, GPT-4 cannot quantitatively obtain the cox proportional hazard number. However, even so, GPT4 can read the cox proportional hazard output image, providing Python and R survival analysis coding quite perfectly. Thus, the qualitative method's conclusion is that GPT-4 can greatly assist data analysts in their analysis of survival data.
Significance of Visual Storage with Special Reference to IGRMS, Bhopal
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Museology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, Uttar Pradesh, India., Mahmood Danish
Published: September 2024

Museum with its enormous collection is understood a place for education, study and enjoyment. Collection is a backbone of a museum, therefore its documentation, preservation and proper display is the first and foremost duty of a museum. The collections in museum either on display or in storage areas must accessible to the public because they are public resources. Increasing collections access for museum visitors has become a topic of interest in the museum community over the past decade. Access to collections particularly stored collection is a subject of paramount importance for all museums as collections contain knowledge and it should be disseminated by providing access to stored collection. Visible Storage or Visual Storage is a popular method that has been used increasingly over the years to enhance physical access to museum collections. This method not only provides access to visitors in storage areas but also provide proper care of the stored collection. Present paper is an attempt to understand various pros and cons related to visual storage. An attempt has been made to present significance of visual storage in general and tribal collection of IGRMS in particular.
The Changing Trend of Tribal Education in West Bengal with Special Emphasis on the Girl Students
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department in Anthropology, Mrinalini Datta Mahavidypith (Under West Bengal State University), Kolkata 700051, West Bengal, India,, Sen Chowdhury Suchismita , Das Suman ,   Research Investigator, Cultural Research Institute, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal,India.
Published: September 2024

Education is an investment towards development. Gender gap in education is common among the backward classes of people in India. Aim of this study is to understand the recent trend of tribal education among the Scheduled Tribes of West Bengal. Study covered four districts from different zones of West Bengal. These were Alipurduar from north, Birbhum from central part, Purulia from west and South 24 Pargana from the southern part. The selected villages were chiefly inhabited by the tribal population. Secondary data related to tribal education were collected from Census of India (2011) and Statistics of School Education (2010- 11), while primary data were collected through field work in four districts. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection were followed. A structured schedule was used for collection of household level data, which covered education related questions. Personal interviews with the teachers, parents and case studies of the students supplemented the quantitative data. Fourteen different tribal groups were studied in the selected areas during field work. Secondary sources suggest educational backwardness and gender gap among the tribal population. Findings show district wise and community specific variation in status of education among the studied population. A positive development was observed in case of girl’s education. The gender gap is gradually decreasing. Among many factors responsible for this changing trend, major was development programmes meant for girl’s education in West Bengal.
Totemic Tradition and Identity of Korku Tribe: An Anthropological Perspective
Authors:   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Wardha 442001, Maharashtra, India,, Kumar Jaiswal Mahendra , Kumar Vivek ,   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835222, Jharkhand, India.
Published: September 2024

Tribal totemism is a cultural phenomenon that is deeply rooted in their societies. It encompasses complex symbolic systems where specific animals, plants, or natural elements serve as emblems representing ancestral connection, identity, and spiritual beliefs. Totems are revered as spiritual entities, representing a connection to ancestry, tradition, and the natural world. The choice of totem is typically rooted in mythological stories or historical events, and it serves as a symbol of identity, kinship, and shared values within the tribal communities. Totem is given special importance in the Korku tribe. Korku always remains alert and devoted to their totems. The Korku tribe believes that their origin is based on a particular totem, so they think that totem has a wonderful power that protects and warns them in times of trouble. Even a specific message associated with a totem may be a premonition of some event. The Korku people consider that the totem is inhabited by a supernatural power that controls their social life. In Korku society, women often have totem symbols tattooed on different parts of their body, especially on their hands. Korku follows all the rules and prohibitions related to his totem very sincerely. Like many other tribes, Korku also has beliefs related to the origin of the totem.
WITHDRAWN: A fairer way to compare researchers at any career stage and in any discipline using open-access citation data
Authors: Bradshaw Corey , Chalker Justin , Crabtree Stefani , Eijkelkamp Bart , Long John , Smith Justine , Trinajstic Kate , Weisbecker Vera
Published: September 2024

25 September, 2024. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint as it was requested after the work was already published at a peer reviewed journal, which is in conflict with our editorial policy regarding postprints.
A Mechanistic Approach to Elucidate the Molecular Basis of Amelioration of Perinatal Undernutrition Induced Cognitive Impairment Using Astaxanthin and DHA in the Adult Life of Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: M Damodara Gowda K , Bhat Megha , Hegde Pramukh , Rai Praveen , Sadananda Monika
Published: September 2024

Maternal nutrition has been recognized as a significant component of brain growth and maturation in most mammalian species. Here, we showed that the downregulation of BDNF, NT-3, CREB, and UCP2 gene expressions in perinatally undernourished animals in their adult life was mitigated by Astaxanthin and DHA. We also found that maternal undernutrition reduced the pups’ weight at birth considerably and remained decreased throughout the study. Maternal AsX and DHA supplementation ameliorated the undernutrition-induced learning impairment in NOR test and partially baited radial arm maze tasks. Furthermore, the expressions of Synapsin-1 and PSD-95 decreased in perinatally undernourished groups compared to control, and AsX-DHA treated groups at CA1, CA2, CA3, and DG, respectively. Our results identified a signalling pathway that mediates perinatal undernutrition stress-induced cognitive decline via intracellular signalling cascades like MAPK, PI3K, and PLC, triggering neuronal differentiation, survival, and plasticity, indicating the critical time for the reversal of undernutrition-induced cognitive impairment.
An Empirical Study of Value Evaluation by Multi-criteria Decision Analysis for Orphan Medicinal Product
Authors: Tang Xian , Chen Handong , Xiang Yuliang , Hu Ming
Published: September 2024

Objective
To conduct an empirical study on the comprehensive value of specific orphan drugs based on the constructed Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework, evaluate the feasibility of applying MCDA to evaluate value of orphan drugs, and provide reference for expanding the decision-making ideas and evidence of medical insurance access for orphan drugs.
Methods
Dimethyl fumarate, Laronidase, and Emicizumab were selected as empirical drugs, and collected their empirical data by literature retrieval, third-party data extraction and enterprise consultation. The empirical drugs were scored independently by the research team and stakeholder group based on the constructed MCDA framework and weight, also combined with qualitative evaluation and finally analyzed the results of the MCDA empirical evaluation.
Results
In the quantitative criteria evaluation, the calculated MCDA scores of the three drugs were 0.50, 0.57 and 0.52 respectively by the research team, and 0.47, 0.59 and 0.51 by the stakeholder group, which shows the high scoring consistency of two groups, and the obtained value priority of the quantitative criteria of the three drugs from high to low is Laronidase, Emicizumab, and Dimethyl fumarate. In the qualitative criteria evaluation, the evaluation results of the two groups did not achieve statistically significant consistency, but for the criteria “Mandate and scope of healthcare system” and “Affordability of medical insurance fund”, they scored the same.
Conclusions
The empirical study proves that MCDA is feasible in the evaluation of orphan drug value in China, and can be used as a supplementary tool for the access decision of medical insurance drugs.
Investigation of the Effect of Phenylboronic Acid on Androgen-Dependent (LNCaP) and Androgen-Independent (PC3) Prostate Cancer Cells via MAP Kinases by 2D and 3D Culture Methods
Authors: Gürgen Duygu Gürsoy , Güneş Arzu , Köse Oğuzhan , Kaplan Arife Ahsen , Karabulut Seda , Tunalı M. Başak , Keskin İlknur
Published: September 2024

Background
The castration process is able to regress prostate cancer due to its dependence on androgen. After castration, the disease could progress androgen independently. In our study, two prostate cancer cell lines PC3, LNCaP, and normal prostatic epithelial cell line RWPE-1 were used. PBA an essential compound found in nature, was selected as a chemotherapeutic to examine the effects of microtubule-targeted therapy in human prostate cancer. Colchicine, which belongs to the same class of chemotherapeutics, was included in the study as a positive control treatment. The aim of this study examine the cytotoxic effect of PBA on LNCaP, PC-3, and RWPE-1 cells with two different cell culture methods.
Methods
The IC50 values treated to the cells following the viability analyses were performed for PBA and Colchicine in 2D and 3D culture models. Colony formation, proliferation, and migration analyses were performed on prostate cancer cells, and chemotherapeutics’s effects were compared.
Results
In both cancer cell lines, 48 hours of PBA treatment inhibited migration greater than Colchicine. Colony formation analysis showed that the 24 hours PBA treatment prevented the formation. In addition, it was determined that PBA caused a decrease in proliferation parameters in both culture models. The MAPK cellular response induced by PBA was examined by immunofluorescence intensity analysis of kinase proteins of the MAPK pathway, where statistically significant differences were observed between the groups. ERK expression ratio varied in two culture methods, chemotherapeutics, and treatment times. In the 2D culture model, 24 hours of PBA treatment caused a decrease in JNK expression in PC3 and LNCaP cells. Both chemotherapeutic treatments resulted in an increase in p38 expression ratio in PC3 spheroids. On the semi-thin sections, the morphological deformation effect of PBA on cancer cells was pronounced. Morphological defects caused by PBA were first visualized in this study at the ultrastructural level.
Conclusion
Antimitotic chemotherapeutics may trigger different metabolic responses and also divergences in the signaling mechanisms within different cells. PBA has an anticancer effect potential including inhibiting proliferation and migration. The lower toxicity of PBA on RWPE-1 is remarkable for being a potential chemotherapeutic option in future research.
Green Tourism Meets Virtual Reality: Behavioral Intentions of Chinese Eco-Conscious Travelers
Authors: Wang Linqiang , Wang Zhihui , Huang Xiaoting , Zang Luning
Published: September 2024

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the behavioral intentions of Chinese green tourists within the realm of virtual tourism experiences, utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. To accomplish this, we initiated the study with grounded theory as our starting point, conducting 36 comprehensive interviews with Chinese green tourists. These interviews were meticulously coded and subjected to in-depth analysis, leading to the development of a robust research model outlining the factors influencing Chinese green tourists' behavioral intentions towards virtual tourism experiences. Subsequently, we conducted a quantitative analysis of 740 collected questionnaires concerning behavioral intentions towards virtual tourism experiences, subjecting each variable within the theoretical model to empirical testing. The results unequivocally demonstrate that Chinese green tourists' cognitive factors, perception factors, experience type factors, and social situation factors all wield significant influence over their behavioral intentions towards virtual tourism experiences. This study provides nuanced insights into factors shaping green tourists' decisions and highlights virtual tourism's growing importance in sustainable travel. It offers valuable guidance for researchers and industry practitioners aiming to enhance virtual tourism experiences for environmentally conscious Chinese tourists, contributing to the discourse on sustainable tourism and the potential for a more ecologically sustainable future.
The heterogeneous effect of immigration on firm performance
Authors: Trionfetti Federico , Karamollaoğlu Nazlı
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on the heterogeneity of the effects of immigration across firms depending on the capital intensity of the firm. We build a model that allows us to capture this heterogeneity unambiguously. We use data from Turkey, where refugees from Syria have reached 4.5\% of the Turkish population in only nine years. Our empirical analysis is based on IV and Difference-in-Differences (Diff-in-Diff) methodologies. We find that immigration favors labor-intensive firms. The effect on capital-intensive firms is negative in sign but does not reach statistical significance.
J.E.L. codes: F14, F22
The Social Costs of Pesticides: A Meta-Analysis of the Revealed and Stated Preference Literature
Authors: Rufo Elvia , Brouwer Roy , Beukering Pieter van
Published: September 2024

Pesticide use poses major public health risks and raises environmental concerns globally. We synthesize three decades of stated and revealed preference approaches that estimate the social cost of pesticide use through consumer and producer willingness-to-pay (WTP) to prevent or reduce the risks involved. We contribute to the existing literature by demonstrating that the social costs of pesticides vary significantly depending on risk types and levels, where they occur, who is exposed and their risk aversion. The estimated global annual average of $51 per capita in 2021 price levels is substantial in view of the fact that a third of the studies have a low baseline risk. Consumers and producers worldwide share concerns about pesticide risks to their health and the environment. However, there is a need to raise awareness about actual risk exposure levels and public health impacts. Leaving this information out in valuation studies significantly reduces WTP. Equally important is the need to further harmonize stated and revealed preference valuation research design and reporting to facilitate the application of previous study findings to new policy and decision-making contexts.
JEL codes: I18, Q51, Q18
Association of Cathepsins with Muscle & Joint Diseases (BMJD) : a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Yang Wei , Han Xiuzhen , Cui Miao , Yang peng , LI zhenhua
Published: September 2024

Muscle & Joint Diseases (BMJD) is a group of orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone tumors and myositis. It is the largest disabling disease in the world, but the specific pathogenesis of BMJD is still unclear and needs further research and exploration.Cathepsins are proteinases mainly present in lysosomes (lysosomes). Some studies have shown that cathepsins may be one of the causes of BMJD. The specific relationship between them may help us to have a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis, pathological process, treatment and prognosis of the disease, guiding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease, but the relationship between the two needs further confirming.We hope through this study, we can reveal the relationship between cathepsin and BMJD, so as to further explore the potential causes and risk factors of BMJD, make more accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions, form new treatment methods and prevention strategies, contribute to clinical work, and promote the progress and development of medicine.
Identification of secretory protein related Biomarkers for Primary Biliary Cholangitis based on Machine Learning and experimental validation
Authors: Xu Zihao , Cai Yue , Liu Yifan , Xu Jun , Guo Sheng , Zhou Lihan , Ji Yang , Zhan Lei , Cheng Liangbin
Published: September 2024

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is challenging to diagnose and treat due to its insidious onset. This study aimed to identify effective diagnostic biomarkers for PBC by focusing on secreted proteins through bioinformatics approaches. Two PBC-related bulk datasets, GSE119600 and GSE61260, were retrieved from the GEO database for analysis and validation, respectively. Gene sets related to secreted proteins were sourced from the THPA database. The analysis of GSE119600 included differential expression analysis, WGCNA, immune infiltration analysis, and enrichment analyses. By intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs), WGCNA hub module genes, and genes related to secreted proteins, 18 candidate genes were identified. Machine learning techniques—LASSO, random forest, GMM, and SVM-RFE—narrowed these to four hub genes: CSF1R, PLCH2, SLC38A1, and CST7. The diagnostic performance of these genes was assessed using LDA, QDA, Bayesian test, and Nomogram methods, with internal and external validation AUC values of 0.867 and 0.722, respectively. Experimental validation in PBC model mice confirmed that the expression of these genes was significantly altered. These findings suggest that CSF1R, PLCH2, SLC38A1, and CST7 could serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers for early PBC detection and provide insights into its underlying mechanisms.
Impacts of climate change and human activities on global groundwater storage from 2003-2022
Authors: Zhang Jiawen , Liesch Tanja , Goldscheider Nico
Published: September 2024

Groundwater is integral to land surface processes, significantly influencing water and energy cycles, and it is an important resource for drinking water and ecosystems. Climate change and anthropogenic impacts have an ever-increasing influence on the water cycle and groundwater storage in recent decades. This study leverages GRACE and ERA5 data to analyze groundwater storage variability from 2003 to 2022, with a 1° spatial resolution. Approximately 81% of global regions have shown significant groundwater storage changes, with 48% experiencing declines and 52% observing increases. Approximately 3.2 billion people live in regions where groundwater has significantly declined over the past 20 years. Findings indicate considerable global groundwater changes, with depletion hotspots (> 20 mm/year) in northern India, the North China Plain, eastern Brazil, the Middle East, and around the Caspian Sea. Analysis by climatic region showed that the most pronounced groundwater declines occurred in arid and semi-arid areas with an aridity index between 0.1 and 0.5, highlighting regions with sparse vegetation and fragile ecosystems. In terms of climate change, compared to precipitation, meteorological drought and wetness are the primary climatic factors influencing the distribution of groundwater storage. Groundwater depletion is primarily caused by unsustainable extraction, especially for irrigation. GRACE data facilitates global monitoring, underscoring the need for long-term dynamic observation to inform sustainable groundwater management policies crucial for regions facing groundwater depletion to ensure long-term freshwater resource sustainability.
MammOnc-DB, an integrative breast cancer data analysis platform for target discovery
Authors: Varambally Sooryanarayana , Karthikeyan Santhosh Kumar , Chandrashekar Darshan , Sahai Snigdha , Shrestha Sadeep , Aneja Ritu , Singh Rajesh , Kleer Celina , Kumar Sidharth , Qin Zhaohui , Nakshatri Harikrishna , Manne Upender , Creighton Chad
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer (BCa) is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. It is a complex disease that is characterized by morphological and molecular heterogeneity. In the early stages of the disease, most BCa cases are treatable, particularly hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive tumors. Unfortunately, triple-negative BCa and metastases to distant organs are largely untreatable with current medical interventions. Recent advances in sequencing and proteomic technologies have improved our understanding of the molecular changes that occur during breast cancer initiation and progression. In this era of precision medicine, researchers and clinicians aim to identify subclass-specific BCa biomarkers and develop new targets and drugs to guide treatment. Although vast amounts of omics data including single cell sequencing data, can be accessed through public repositories, there is a lack of user-friendly platforms that integrate information from multiple studies. Thus, to meet the need for a simple yet effective and integrative BCa tool for multi-omics data analysis and visualization, we developed a comprehensive BCa data analysis platform called MammOnc-DB (http://resource.path.uab.edu/MammOnc-Home.html), comprising data from more than 20,000 BCa samples. MammOnc-DB was developed to provide a unique resource for hypothesis generation and testing, as well as for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The platform also provides pre- and post-treatment data, which can help users identify treatment resistance markers and patient groups that may benefit from combination therapy.
Organocatalyst Enabled Light Accelerated Amide and Peptide Synthesis
Authors: Sun Wangsheng , li yiping , Li Jingyue , Zuo Quan , Shen Zhouming , Kuang Haoyu , Bao Guangjun , Ni Jingman , Wang Rui
Published: September 2024

Catalytic methods for amide and peptide synthesis have long been recognized as one of the most pressing challenges in industry and academia, requiring novel catalysts to meet this requirement. Herein, we report an organocatalyst, named Cat-Se, for direct amide and peptide synthesis. Cat-Se, which has a simple and exquisite chemical structure, can be conveniently synthesized and catalyzes the condensation of various carboxylic acids and amines to the corresponding amides in excellent yields within 30-40 minutes under very mild light irradiation conditions without any undesirable operations, such as heating, dehydration, or gas protection. The method exhibits high efficiency, selectivity, and functional group tolerance without loss of stereochemical integrity in peptide synthesis. Significantly, Cat-Se shows power in peptide fragment condensation and solid-phase peptide synthesis on resin, making it an attractive alternative for peptide drug synthesis.
Improved aquila optimizer and its applications
Authors: Guo Runxia , Yi Jingxu
Published: September 2024

The optimizer is a key component in model training, embodied in speeding up training, improving stability, and seeking globally optimal solutions. Aquila optimizer (AO) is an intelligent algorithm that excels in searching for optimal values, which simulates the hunting habits of North American eagles. However, the classical AO suffers from low convergence accuracy and a tendency to fall into local optima when handling complex tasks. This paper introduces a novel and improved Aquila optimizer (I-AO) for population-based meta-inspired domains, enhancing global optimization reliability. Initially, we introduce spatial configuration differences in distance and angle to replace the original iteration-based criteria. This approach enhances the optimizer's convergence speed and robustness, enabling quick adaptation to dynamic changes. Next, we introduce the improved random walk update (I-RWU), improved stochastic correction update (I-SCU), and improved dynamic weight update (I-DWU) strategies. These strategies enhance search diversity and balance exploration and exploitation, avoiding local optima. Thus, I-AO achieves higher computational efficiency and greater exploration potential for optimal convergence. Furthermore, the performance is evaluated using well-known CEC2017 and CEC2019 benchmark functions. Additionally, the engineering problem of bearing’s RUL prediction for an air turbine starter (ATS), using test bed data for civil aircraft bearings, illustrates the I-AO algorithm's generalizability. The superior capability of the proposed I-AO is demonstrated through corresponding experiments.
Contrasting effects of symbiont inoculation on soil microbiota functionalities in a rehabilitation programme of salt-affected lands
Authors: Djighaly Pape Ibrahima , Diagne Nathalie , Tournier Estelle , Ngom Mariama , Cissoko Maimouna , Tisseyre Pierre , Ngom Daouda , Hocher Valérie , Svistoonoff Sergio , Sanguin Hervé
Published: September 2024

Soil salinization has become a major global ecosystem sustainability issue. In Senegal, promising ecosystem restoration of salt-affected lands has been achieved by the implementation of ecological engineering strategies based on beneficial associations between Casuarina species and salt-tolerant symbiotic microorganisms. However, the extent of the impacts of symbiont inoculants on the native soil microbiota and, consequently, soil functioning is fragmentary. The current study aimed to evaluate the changes in the native soil microbiota associated with the use of a symbiont inoculant in mixed Casuarinaceae plantations in salt-affected lands. Symbiont inoculation led to a decrease in the diversity of soil fungi but not bacteria. However, the whole soil microbiota structure was impacted by symbiont inoculation, as was the case for salinity and Casuarina species. Casuarina species also impacted the diversity of the dominant taxa constituting the soil microbiota, but only salinity affected bacterial diversity. Important modifications of soil microbiota functionalities were revealed, notably, a decrease in the abundance of bacterial pathogens related to symbiont inoculation and an increase in the abundance of fungal pathogens with increasing salinity. Soil nutrient cycling, mostly micronutrient cycling and N fixation, was also impacted by symbiont inoculation, but salinity and Casuarina species were the main factors affecting N cycling in the soil.
The impact of housing wealth on household consumption
Authors: li yitong
Published: September 2024

Currently, China's housing market has entered a phase of destocking, and people's expectations for housing have generally changed compared to the period of rapid price increases in the past. In this context, this paper aims to explore the potential unintended impacts of housing net wealth on household consumption. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) database, we systematically examine the effects of housing net wealth on household consumption expenditures through panel data regression models and instrumental variable methods. The study finds that housing net wealth has a significant positive impact on household consumption. This result remains robust when using land supply as an instrumental variable and conducting a series of robustness tests. Furthermore, liquidity constraints play a crucial role in the impact of housing net wealth on household consumption. Additionally, the study finds that high-income households are more willing to consume when housing wealth increases compared to low-income households. In terms of consumption structure, housing wealth significantly influences developmental and survival consumption but shows no strong correlation with enjoyment consumption. Compared to families with multiple houses, families with only one house exhibit a stronger marginal effect of housing wealth appreciation on consumption expenditures. Finally, the paper distinguishes between regions with rising and falling house prices, finding that the consumption effect of housing net wealth is stronger in regions with rising house prices.
Profile of Chief Medical Officers and performance of health zones in crisis contexts: a cross-sectional study in three provinces of the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Bigirinama Rosine , Lembebu Jean-Corneille , Chiribagula Christian , Mwene-Batu Pacifique , Porignon Denis , Mukalay Abdon , Mwembo Albert , Bisimwa Ghislain
Published: September 2024

Context: In health systems affected by crisis, the performance of health zones (also known as health districts) is challenged by recurrent armed conflicts and state fragility. The profiles of health zone managers and contextual factors can significantly influence the zones' ability to effectively respond to population health needs. This study explores these interactions to identify the key determinants of health zones performances in three provinces of Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a region enduring over three decades of conflict..Method This mixed-methods study, conducted from 2017 to 2022. In the DRC, health zones are managed by Chief Medical Officers (CMOs). We assessed the functionality and performance of these health zones using key indicators related to primary healthcare provision and health zone management. Data on CMO profiles and the operational contexts of their health zones were collected to identify factors influencing functionality and performance, through multivariate regressions (p < 0.05). Additionally, 17 individual interviews were conducted with various health system actors to gather perceptions on CMO performance and stability and analyzed through a deductive thematic analysis.Results The results indicate that CMOs with training in primary healthcare management and extensive professional experience significantly enhance health zone performance. Conversely, instability among CMOs, due to frequent rotations driven by political influences and weak collaboration between health decision-making bodies, negatively impacts health zone performance. However, the involvement of international and faith-based partners positively influences health zones performance.Conclusion This study emphasizes on investing in capacity-building for health managers at all levels to strengthen health systems and improve resilience in crisis situations. A robust governance system that fosters transparency in the recruitment and management of managers, and supports the stability of human resources, is crucial for maintaining health performance.
Knowledge, Attitude And Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening Services Among Ethnic Minority Female Students in A UK University: A Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Kinika Covenant Chigamezu , Kinika Abigail Ugochi
Published: September 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is the most frequent cancer among ethnic minority women and the most prevalent cause of cancer mortality in the UK. Furthermore, women from ethnic minority origins are more likely than British women not to carry out cervical screening due to socioeconomic issues such as lack of health insurance, language barrier and poor understanding of cervical cancer screening.
Good knowledge and a positive attitude towards receiving a cervical cancer screening are significant factors in the prevention and better outcome of cervical cancer. The study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening among ethnic minority female students in the Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing (FEHW), at a UK University.
Methods: From May 2023 to September 2023 a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 138 ethnic minority female students in FEHW aged between 25-64 years from four departments (Public Health, Health and Social care, Health and wellbeing and Occupational psychology) using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS for descriptive analysis.
Results: Of 138 participants, a mean age was 35.09 ±12.92 years and 56.7% were African, 21.0% Asia, 17.4% Bangladesh and 5.1% Caribbean. 82.6% of them have a good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. However, a substantial number (54%) of them had negative attitudes towards cervical cancer screening services which led to a low screening rate. Additionally, most of the participants 47.8% admitted embarrassment and fear as a barrier to preventing cervical cancer screening services while 78.3% of the participants have not carried out cervical cancer screening practices.
Conclusion: Ethnic minority female students in the UK had good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. However, the negative attitude and barriers encountered by the ethnic minority female students led to poor practice in the utilization of cervical cancer screening services.
The effect of mixed cropping ratios on nitrogen utilization and yield of oat- common vetch grassland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Zhaomin , Niu Decao , Qin Yan
Published: September 2024

This study examined the effects of different mixed cropping ratios on forage yield, biomass accumulation, distribution, and nitrogen utilization in the Qinghai Lake region. Five mixed ratios of oat and common vetch were established: 1:0 (A.M.), 2:1 (A2V1), 1:1 (A1V1), 1:2 (A1V2), and 0:1 (V.M.), with A representing oats and V representing common vetch, under two nitrogen conditions. The study found that (1) Oats contributed the most to biomass and A1V1 had the highest production. (2) Treatments impact the nitrogen accumulation, A1V1 had higher nitrogen contents of leaves and stem. (3)A1V1 showed the highest nitrogen utilization efficiency. These findings can help improve agricultural practices in the area by promoting more efficient and sustainable farming methods.
Higher Complication and Readmission Rates after Total Knee Arthroplasty with Discharge to Inpatient Facility vs Home: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Whitaker Sarah , Cole Sarah , Peri Maria , Ernst Brady , O’Neill Conor , Satalich James , Satpathy Jibanananda
Published: September 2024

Introduction
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess differences in complication rates, early readmission rates, and reasons for readmission following TKA based on discharge destination. Secondarily, we aimed to identify independent risk factors for developing any adverse event (AAE) in the 30-day postoperative period.
Methods
The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) was filtered using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes to identify patients undergoing TKA from 2015–2020. Patients were divided into three cohorts based on discharge destination: home, skilled nursing facility (SNF), or inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). Propensity score matching was used to account for confounding variables. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression.
Results
352,824 patients were initially identified with 303,375 discharged home, 31,635 discharged to SNF, and 17,814 discharged to IRF. Following propensity score matching, there were 5,000 patients in each cohort. Regarding postoperative complications, the home cohort had significantly a lower readmission rate (p = 0.01) and rate of any adverse event (p < 0.001) when compared to the IRF and SNF cohorts. The IRF cohort had a significantly higher rate of AAE than the SNF cohort or the home cohort. On multivariable analysis, increasing age, increasing BMI, increasing length of hospital stay, male sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification four, and history of COPD were all found to be independent risk factors for developing AAE.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that patients who are discharged to a rehabilitation facility or SNF following TKA experienced significantly higher rates of readmission and postoperative complications than patients discharged home, even after controlling for baseline demographic differences and comorbidities. Given the high financial burden associated with these facilities, it is important for physicians to consider these potential impacts on outcomes when determining patient disposition following TKA.
Spin Dynamics Mode Locking between Helimagnetism and Ferromagnetism
Authors: Zhang Shilei , Chen Jingyi , Jin Haonan , Laan Gerrit van der , Hesjedal Thorsten
Published: September 2024

Non-collinear spin textures, such as spin spirals and skyrmions, exhibit rich emergent physics in their spin dynamics. Nevertheless, the potential to exploit their distinctive spin resonance characteristics for on-chip microwave magnonic applications remains elusive. Here, we investigate the microwave emission and mode coupling from the resonating spin spiral lattice in a Cu2OSeO3/Pt/NiFe heterostructure. Using time-resolved resonant elastic x-ray scattering, the exact vectorial spin precession modes from the two magnetic species are visualized in real-time. Our results show that the NiFe layer captures the excitation modes from the conical order in Cu2OSeO3 by exhibiting a ferromagnetic resonance behaviour. The NiFe spin precession is fully synchronized with the helimagnet, presenting unique dynamics with chiral symmetry. This demonstrates that helimagnons can wirelessly transmit spin information in gigahertz-level frequency, enabling new possibilities for on-chip microwave magnonics.
Multivariate compound events drive historical floods and associated losses along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts
Authors: Ali Javed , Wahl Thomas , Morim Joao , Enriquez Alejandra , Gall Melanie , Emrich Christopher T.
Published: September 2024

Compound flooding events are a threat to many coastal regions and can have widespread socio-economic implications. However, their frequency of occurrence, underlying flood drivers, and direct link to past socio-economic losses are largely unknown despite being key to supporting risk and adaptation assessments. Here, we present an impact-based analysis of compound flooding for 203 coastal counties along the U.S. Gulf and East coasts by combining data from multiple flood drivers and socio-economic loss information from 1980 to 2018. We find that ~ 80% of all flood events recorded in our study area were compound rather than univariate. In addition, we show that historical compound flooding events in most counties were driven by more than two flood drivers (hydrological, meteorological, and/or oceanographic) and distinct spatial clusters exist that exhibit variability in the underlying driver of compound flood events. Furthermore, we find that in more than 80% of the counties over 80% of recorded property and crop losses were linked to compound flooding. The median cost of compound events is more than 26 times that of univariate events in terms of property loss and 76 times in terms of crop loss. Our analysis overcomes some of the limitations of previous compound-event studies based on pre-defined flood drivers and offers new insights into the complex relationship between hazards and associated socio-economic impacts.