bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СТАЛЕШКЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЈЕ УЧИТЕЉА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ НА РАЗМЕЂИ ИЗМЕЂУ 19. И 20. ВИЈЕКА
Authors: Михајловић Татјана
Published: November 2021

Научна монографија Сталешке организације учитеља у Босни и Херцеговини на размеђи између 19. и 20. вијека (Утицај на развој школства и педагошких идеја), Далиборке Шкипине публикована је 2020. године. Представља значајан допринос нашој педагошкој литератури и занимљиво штиво за све оне које интересује педагошка прошлост, прије свега српског народа у Босни и Херцеговини, али и других народа са којима на том простору живи. Монографија је прилагођена како за научна истраживања, тако и за едукацију читаоца о упознавању значаја и улоге сталешке организације учитеља у вријеме аустроугарске владавине. За историју педагогије, период аустроугарске владавине интересантан је у развоју школства Босне и Херцеговине. Временска дистанца од скоро једног и по вијека дозвољава да се систематичније сагледају ефекти и значај сталешког организовања учитеља на развој школства и педагошких идеја.
Innovative trends in the symphonic works of Soviet composers of the 1960s and Symphony No.3 by B. Tishchenko. Part 2
Authors: Serov Iurii Eduardovich
Published: November 2021

The subject of this research is the period of Russian symphonic music of the 1960s. A new generation of composers – the “Sixtiers” – introduced a fresh modern musical language and remarkable artistic achievements. In first part of the article, the author dwell on several fundamental symphonic works by R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, E. Denisov, Y. Falik, N. Karetnikov, as well gives general characteristics to this period. The second part of the article examines the compositions by A. Schnittke and L. Prigozhin. Special attention is turned to the Symphony No.3 by Boris Tishchenko, who opens new stylistic horizons and encompasses the key trends of modern music, including the avant-garde, into his stylistic orbit. This article is first to consider B. Tishchenko's outstanding Symphony No.3 in the context of stylistic and linguistic innovations of the 1960s, which defines the scientific novelty. Analysis is conducted on the role and place of the youngest composer of the “Sixtiers” B. Tishchenko in the struggle for the “new music”. The conclusion is made that Tishchenko was one of the leaders in revival of the Russian music of the late XX century, and his Symphony No.3 reflects the pursuits of the postwar generation of Soviet composers to the fullest.
Mirroring and brain connectivity of gesture observation
Authors: Fronda Giulia
Published: November 2021

Non-verbal communication involves di rent channels, as gestures, to communicate different information. The present study aims investigating the electrophysiological (EEG) correlates underlying the use of affective, social, and informative gestures during gesture observation by an encoder (who observed to reproduce the gestures successively) and decoder (who simply observed the gestures). Mirroring mechanisms were considered for a gesture observation task. Results showed an increase of frontal alpha, delta, and theta brain responsiveness and intra-brain connectivity for affective and social gestures. and of posterior (temporo-parietal) alpha activity and alpha and delta intra-brain connectivity for informative ones. Concerning inter-agents' role, similar responses were found for all gestures. Regarding gesture valence, an increase of delta and theta activity was observed for positive gestures on the left cerebral side. This study, therefore, revealed the function of gestures' type and valence in influencing individuals' brain activity, showing the presence of mirroring mechanisms underlying gesture observation.
Approach to verification of psychometric test results by integrating the methods of tempometry and video-oculography
Authors: Ivanov Oleg S. , Chermyanin Sergey V. , Kapitanaki Veronika E. , Pilkevitch Sergey V. , Sabirov Timur R.
Published: November 2021

One of the function of psychometrics is to assess hidden properties in persons as trasmitters of meanings to predict their behaviour under certain specific situational conditions with reference to the measured parameters. When the survey participants recourse to deliberate distortion of their answers in order to increase social acceptability thereof, then there is a great probability that the evaluation and predictions of their behavior will not be relevant. the answer-response processing algorithms envisioned in standardized tests are often ineffective when it comes to detection of intentional distortion; and this in fact is the problem that requires resolution. An approach to solve this problem is proposed. A tool suitable for implementation of the proposed approach is described. the results obtained by means of using the toolkit Video Tsvetomer are illustrated.
The mesoscale organization of syntaxin 1A and SNAP25 is determined by SNARE–SNARE interactions
Authors: Mertins Jasmin , Finke Jérôme , Sies Ricarda , Rink Kerstin M , Hasenauer Jan , Lang Thorsten
Published: November 2021

SNARE proteins have been described as the effectors of fusion events in the secretory pathway more than two decades ago. The strong interactions between SNARE domains are clearly important in membrane fusion, but it is unclear whether they are involved in any other cellular processes. Here, we analyzed two classical SNARE proteins, syntaxin 1A and SNAP25. Although they are supposed to be engaged in tight complexes, we surprisingly find them largely segregated in the plasma membrane. Syntaxin 1A only occupies a small fraction of the plasma membrane area. Yet, we find it is able to redistribute the far more abundant SNAP25 on the mesoscale by gathering crowds of SNAP25 molecules onto syntaxin clusters in a SNARE-domain-dependent manner. Our data suggest that SNARE domain interactions are not only involved in driving membrane fusion on the nanoscale, but also play an important role in controlling the general organization of proteins on the mesoscale. Further, we propose these mechanisms preserve active syntaxin 1A–SNAP25 complexes at the plasma membrane.
Det juridiske fakultet og Handelshøgskolen ved UiT tester ut kontraktsforhandlinger på digitale plattformer høsten 2020: Design og gjennomføring
Authors: Arntzen Svein Kristian , Alteren Gro
Published: November 2021

Synkron digital undervisning (DigiPS-undervisning) i faget kontraktsforhandlinger er ikke gjennomført tidligere ved UiT. Undervisningen høsten 2020 var dermed første mulighet ved UiT for å samle erfaring og kunnskap om planlegging av undervisning og bruk av simulering og rollespill med DigiPS som ramme. Det juridiske fakultet og Handelshøgskolen i Tromsø har siden 2011 samarbeidet om felles undervisning over to dager hvor studentene blandes og praktiserer kontraktsforhandlinger. Fellesundervisningen har frem til 2020 vært gjennomført ved fysisk oppmøte. Coronasituasjonen trigget planleggingen og gjennomføringen av forhandlingene som heldigitale løsninger hvor vi kombinerte fire ulike plattformer. Utviklingen av prosjektet Digitale kontraktsforhandlinger startet i april 2020 med jevnlige møter og teknisk bistand frem til gjennomføringen av prosjektet i perioden 29 oktober til 4 november. Rapporten deler vår erfaring fra planleggingsfasen og gjennomføringen, samt deler våre refleksjoner når det gjelder bruk av digitale plattformer i undervisningen.
Sampling Protocols
Authors: The Nansen Legacy
Published: November 2021

The collection of detailed sampling protocols is crucial tool for the success of the Nansen Legacy, because they ensure:

Methodological agreement between the involved researchers

Continuity and comparable data throughout the 5 years sampling period

An easily accessible overview over parameters sampled

Easier cruise planning
Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
Authors: Zhao Qing , Heath-Acre Kristen , Collins Daniel , Conway Warren , Weegman Mitch D.
Published: November 2021

Knowledge of demography is essential for understanding wildlife population dynamics and developing appropriate conservation plans. However, population survey and demographic data (e.g., capture-recapture) are not always aligned in space and time, hindering our ability to robustly estimate population size and demographic processes. Integrated population models (IPMs) can provide inference for population dynamics with poorly aligned but jointly analysed population and demographic data. In this study, we used an IPM to analyse partially aligned population and demographic data of a migratory shorebird species, the snowy plover (Charadrius nivosus). Snowy plover populations have declined dramatically during the last two decades, yet the demographic mechanisms and environmental drivers of these declines remain poorly understood, hindering development of appropriate conservation strategies. We analysed 21 years (1998–2018) of partially aligned population survey, nest survey, and capture-recapture-resight data in three snowy plover populations (i.e., Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma) in the Southern Great Plains of the US. By using IPMs we aimed to achieve better precision while evaluating the effects of wetland habitat and climatic factors (minimum temperature, wind speed) on snowy plover demography. Our IPM provided reasonable precision for productivity measures even with missing data, but population and survival estimates had greater uncertainty in years without corresponding data. Our model also uncovered the complex relationships between wetland habitat, climate, and demography with reasonable precision. Wetland habitat had positive effects on snowy plover productivity (i.e., clutch size and clutch fate), indicating the importance of protecting wetland habitat under climate change and other human stressors for the conservation of this species. We also found a positive effect of minimum temperature on snowy plover productivity, indicating potential benefits of warmth during night on their population. Based on our results, we suggest prioritizing population and capture-recapture surveys for understanding population dynamics and underlying demographic processes when data collection is limited by time and/or financial resources. Our modelling approach can be used to allocate limited conservation resources for evidence-based decision-making.
Appraisal of Soil Health Card Scheme on Change in Cultivation Practices of Sali Rice in Darrang District, Assam
Authors: Rabha Lohita , Barman Utpal
Published: November 2021

The study was conducted during 2017-18 to examine the changes observed in cultivation practices of Sali rice after receiving Soil Health Card (SHC) and for identifying the problems faced by respondents in utilising the SHC recommendations in Darrang district, Assam. A sample of 150 respondents was selected randomly by proportional allocation to size. The result showed that 74.66 per cent of the respondent did not apply the fertilizers as per SHC recommendation. For examining average change in terms of fertilizer application pattern, area and productivity of Sali rice intended for before and after getting SHC, no significant changes have been observed using student’s t-test at 5% level of significance. Increased in area under Sali rice was not significantly higher than before SHC was distributed. The distribution of SHC didn’t bring any changes in cultivation practices of sali rice during 2017-18 at Darrang district.Thus; the study has suggested providing extension support to farmers. Credit linkage through Kisan Credit Card will be helpful in increasing the production of rice and then market linkage may be established. For getting the better result it is necessary to link all the schemes with each other instead of implementing each scheme independently.
Exploring the Factors Contributing to Teacher Effectiveness in Senior High Schools in the Kassena Nankana West District
Authors: Namale Matthew Kojo , Alale Amos Asamari , Atingane Francis Asore , Upoalkpajor Joshua-Luther Ndoye
Published: November 2021

The study investigated the factors contributing to teacher effectiveness in senior high schools in the Kassena Nankana West District. A descriptive survey design with a sample of 100 teachers was used for the study. A self-designed questionnaire was used for the data collection. Means and standard deviations and independent samples t-test were the statistical tools used in the study. The objectives of the study were to find how headmaster supervision contributes to teacher effectiveness; find students’ attitude that contribute to teacher effectiveness; how community participation contribute to teacher effectiveness. Means and standard deviations and the independent samples t-test were the statistical tools used in the study. The findings of the study were showed that; headmasters involved teachers in decision making in schools, students’ participation in classroom work was appreciable, and communities gave teachers some fringe benefits. It was recommended that headmaster supervision should be strengthened since involving teachers in decision making in school brings about teacher effectiveness. Again teachers should relate and encourage students to participate in classroom work since that contribute to teacher effectiveness. It was concluded that headmaster supervision is very important since that contribute to teacher effectiveness in school.
The effects of Electronic Salary Paying Voucher System on Undeserved Salary Compensation of Employees within Ghana Education Service
Authors: Aloriwor Elijah Kutogichiga , Yomboi Jonas , Atchulo Abukari Salifu
Published: November 2021

Ghana Education Service is believed to be the department with the highest level of undeserved compensations and other related payroll fraud. This is because the Auditor General Report (2018) noted that Ghana Education Service is the common department for the menace of Salary Grade Mismatches which included some 1,200 employees across board. This paper is born with the purpose of Assessing the Impact of the E-Salary Payment Voucher system and Payroll Headcounts/Audits in the elimination of Unauthorized Compensations in the two Kasena-Nankana Districts of Upper East Region of Ghana. Research questions for the study focused on the relationship between undeserved compensations which is the dependent variable and the independent variables include; payroll audits and the E-Salary Payment Voucher system. This study employed the fraud triangle theory as the basis for its experiment. The study also utilized the non-probability quota sampling method to select 102 users of the E-SPV system for a cross sectional survey in Ghana Education Service. Significant findings of the study include, validators or users of the E-SPV system are partly mandated to protect the public purse and hence the power to allow the prevalence of undeserved compensations is also in their hands. Recommendations emanating from the study seek to unpin that there should be an annual system audit of the Electronic Salary Payment Voucher at various management units to ensure that it reflects the true and fair view of the compensations given to staff at various cost centers in Ghana Education Service.
Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Arthropods in Okomu Forest Reserve
Authors: S. A. Adeduntan , O. J. Akinbi , O. S. Osabiya , J. A. Olusola
Published: November 2021

A field survey was conducted in Okomu Forest Reserve Edo State, to assess the diversity and seasonal dynamics of arthropod species in selected land use systems (Okomu national park, Okomu rubber plantation and Okomu oil palm plantation). Samplings of arthropods were carried out between February and September 2020, arthropods were collected by hand picking and sweep net in each sampled plots at 25 m x 25 m in the study area. Insects encountered were killed and preserved by chloroform. Arthropods samples were taken to the laboratory for oven dry and identification. A total of 382 arthropods spread across 15 orders, 34 families and 81 species were recorded. The most dominant orders were Hymenoptera (Ants) followed by Odonta (dragonfly) and Lepidoptera (butterfly and Moth) during dry season while highest abundance of orders were Spirostreptida (millepde) followed by Hymenoptera (Ants) and Araneae (spider) during rainy season. Okomu National Park has the highest (220) insect species abundance follow by Okomu Rubber Plantation (136) while the least was Okomu Oil Palm Plantation (72) in the study area. Study revealed that Okomu Rubber Plantation has no record of Scolopendromorphra (centipede) andHemiptera (bug) while in Okomu Oil Palm Plantation no record of Scolopendromorphra (centipede), lepidoptera (butterfly), also there were norecord of blattodea (crockroach) order of insect species in Okomu National Park. The highest species diversity and evenness was observed in Okomu National Park (H’ = 3.03 and E’= 0.83) follow by Okomu Oil Palm Plantation (H’=1.89 and E’=0.86) while Okomu Rubber Plantation was the least (H’ = 1.53 and E’= 0.60). ANOVA showed significant (P≤0.05) different on diversity and abundance between land use systems while there is nosignificant (P≥0.05) different seasons in the study area. Observation was made on seasonal variation of arthropods species in different land use systems and dominant species as bio-indicators in the study area.
Proposal of Study on Performance Analysis of OSPFV3 and EIGRP Applications in IPV6
Authors: Essah Richard , Anand Darpan
Published: November 2021

The internet protocols are increasingly imposed in recent times, there is a need to propose a study on the performance analysis on OSPFV3 and EIGRP in IPV6 application. IP is currently involved in sensitive areas of internet protocols, remote sensing, telepresence, computer networks and so on. The IP exists in two versions (IPv4 and IPv6), the difference between these two protocols is distinguished in terms of features, operation, and performance. In this study, measuring and evaluation on the performance of the two IPv4 and IPv6 protocols in the networks of communicating companies are proposed for further studies based on the literature gaps identified. The study should be performed by varying the routing protocols RIP, RIPnG, OSPF, OSPFv3, IS-IS and ISIS v6. Further studies should conduct simulation on performance analysis of OSPFV3 and EIGRP in IPV6 applications. The gaps identified after reviewing a number of literature on OSPFV3 and EIGRP with IPV6 network needs to be done since it sought to bridge gaps in literature.
Genetic Variability and Character Association Studies in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Chakraborty Shubham , Kumar Anil , Kishore Chandan , Kumar Anand , Kumar Ravi Ranjan , De Nitish
Published: November 2021

India is a nation which has got huge scope for modernization. The pace of increasing modernization in India coupled with its ever increasing human population is posing a very serious impact on environment mainly due to global warming. Abrupt rainfall conditions coupled with drought conditions prevailing during the Kharif season often hampers paddy transplantation in eastern parts of India. It results in late harvesting of paddy which in turn leads to late sowing of mustard crop in the fields during Rabi season. Hence, the need of the hour is to develop Indian mustard varieties having high yield potential as well as suitable for late sown conditions in Eastern India. An investigation was carried out to study the genetic variability, correlation and path analysis of ten quantitative traits in 33 genotypes of Indian mustard procured from diverse agro-climatic zones of the country. Analyses of variance were found to be highly significant for all the characters studied. Genotypic Coefficient of Variability as well as Phenotypic Coefficient of Variability were found high for number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of siliqua and seed yield per plot. High heritability coupled with higher genetic advance was found for plant height, number of siliqua per plant and seed yield per plot suggesting due importance of these traits for selection in breeding program.The phenotypic and genotypic correlation studies revealed that seed yield per plot exhibited significant positive correlation with plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, siliqua length, seeds per siliqua and 1000 seed-weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield per plot, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branch, number of secondary branch, number of siliqua per plant had positive direct effect on seed yield per plot suggesting that direct selection for these triats can be practiced for yield improvement in Indian mustard.
Analysis Growth Rate in Area, Production and Productivity of Sapota in Gujarat, India
Authors: Pakwar Tushar , Koshariya Ashok Kumar , Swami Kedar Vijaykumar , K. Leua Alpesh
Published: November 2021

The present investigation was "Analysis growth rate in area, production and productivity of Sapota in Gujarat". A multi stage random sampling design was used for selecting the sample. The study covered 2 Districts, 2 talukas, 12 villages and 120 Sapota growers from Valsad and Navsari districts. The primary data were collected for the season of 2011-2012 by personal interview method. In the results revealed that the Valsad and Navsari districts were found to having positive growth rate in area and production (0.20 and 0.73 per cent and 1.59 and 2.30 per cent, respectively). While the productivity of both the districts was positive viz., 0.54 and 0.70 respectively. On the contrary, a lower but positive and significant growth rate was observed in sapota area for the state as a whole, whereas the production and yield showed positive trend (2.01 and 2.55 respectively).  The per hectare total cost of establishment for four year were Rs. 75387.59 for the orchards in Valsad district and Rs. 74025.27 for the orchards in Navsari district. The maintenance cost worked out to be as Rs. 56326.59 and   Rs. 55298.27 in Valsad and Navsari district respectively. The average per ha yield from Valsad district was 10. 61 tonnes and from Navsari district was 11.11 tonnes in 6th year and net returns were Rs. 113527 from Valsad district and Rs. 118877 from Navsari district.
Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Birds Fed Graded Levels of Kapok (Bombax costatum)
Authors: Usman H. B. , Aljameel K. M. , Musa B. M. , Bata I. , Ibrahim S.
Published: November 2021

The study was conducted in poultry production unit of the Teaching and Research farm in the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University to investigate the effect of graded levels of kapok seed meal on broiler bird’s performance. A total of 288 broiler chickens were being used. The broiler chickens randomly divided into four treatments groups (four experimental diets) T1 (control), T2 (0.5kg/100kg), T3 (1Kg/100kg) and T4 (1.5kg/100Kg). At the termination of the experiment (day 56), two birds from each pen (replicate) having representative weights for the group (6 birds per Treatment) were selected. The selected birds were bled, dressed and eviscerated. At starter phase the result shows no significant difference (P>0.05) between the treatments with regards to final body weight and average daily weight gain, birds in treatment 4 had higher (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the other treatments. The result shows significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatments across all the parameters measured except FCR. Birds fed treatment 4 record higher values (P<0.05) of all the parameters measured compared to treatment 1 at finisher phase. The result on carcass shows significant difference (P<0.05) in terms of liver, lung, spleen and crop. Birds in treatment 2 have lower (P<0.05) liver compared to the other treatments. Higher (P<0.05) crop weight are recorded for birds in treatment 1 compared to the other treatments. The study concludes that ingredients of kapok (Bombax costatum) in poultry diet significantly (p<0.05) improved performance of broiler birds at starter and finisher phase at rate of 0.5kg/100kg inclusion of fed.
Positive Contribution of Pet Nutrition to the Economy and Humanity during the Pandemic Period
Authors: Kayabasi Ehlinaz Torun , Yilmaz Orhan
Published: November 2021

In this study, it is aimed to analyze the positive effects of pets on the market economy and people. The COVID-19 pandemic started with the virus outbreak that emerged in Wuhan City, the capital of Hubei Province of China, on December 1, 2019 [1], and the first case in our country was announced by the Ministry of Health on March 11, 2020. With the rapid spread of the epidemic in the world, closures in countries, travel restrictions, working from home and the introduction of the online education system, the rate of spending more time with pets, known as people's loyal friends, and the rate of adopting new animals have begun to increase. In this process, it has been seen that people are more interested in their animals and they are more sensitive in meeting their needs. It has been observed that they do not hesitate to allocate a significant part of their budgets in many subjects such as animal nutrition and veterinary care services, consumption expenditures such as pad shop products and purchasing new animals have increased, and this market has been dynamic. It is known that having a pet is good for blood pressure, greatly reduces the feeling of loneliness and depression in people, and always keeps their hopes warm. It can be said that taking care of furry friends after a long day helps people feel more optimistic and spending time with their pets helps them cope with stress, helps animals increase social relationships, and develops empathy, social skills, mutual love and sense of responsibility in children. It can be said that spending time with their pets is good for people's mood, and they even prefer their animals over other people in quarantine, and they gain social status. The trend of online shopping for pets also seems to become permanent. Pets are now more important than ever in our lives. The pandemic may ease in the near future, but the closeness of our pets will be permanent. It is seen that the tendency towards the adoption of pets and meeting their needs such as care and nutrition is increasing day by day. While various needs come to the fore in this trend, it is important to determine the economic role of consumption of these needs and their relationship with the reasons.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: A. Makvana Kishan , H. Suthar Apurva
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim: Despite considerable progress made in the treatment of Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), it is still a common cause of reduced vision in children in developed countries, and its prevalence is increasing. This is a preventable disease and responds to treatments appropriately if diagnosed at early stages, but in case of delayed diagnosis and treatment, it may lead to blindness. The aim of the present study is to describe the incidence, severity, and risk factors of ROP in a tertiary healthcare center.

Material and Methods: This was a prospective, observational, nonrandomized study conducted in a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a teaching hospital in Gujarat. A total of 130 preterm neonates admitted in the NICU during the study period were screened for ROP as per the guidelines of NNF of India. Screening was done under topical anesthesia, and findings were documented according to the International Classification for Retinopathy of Prematurity recommendations. The data were analyzed for gestational age, birth weight, and systemic factors predisposing to ROP.

Results: Of the 130 neonates, 37 neonates were found to have ROP, with the incidence of ROP being 28.4%. The mean birth weight (1388 ± 312 g) and the mean gestational age (32.21 ± 2.50 wk) Out of the 37 neonates with ROP, 14 had a gestational age of > 32 weeks and/or birth weight of > 1500 g. ROP was classified into type 1 and type 2 as per the ETROP study, 14 (39.39%) neonates had type 1 or treatable ROP; there were no cases of APROP in our study; ROP regressed without any intervention in 13 neonates; 7 neonates were defaulters; and 11 neonates were treated with laser.

Conclusion: ROP is strongly associated with smaller, more immature, and sicker neonates. However, in our study, about 40% of neonates who developed ROP were of higher gestation (> 32 wk) and birth weight (> 1500 g). The analysis of risk factors for ROP development will help to understand and predict it in severe preterm infants.
The Determinants of Online Stock Investment in Malaysia: A Case in Early Phase of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yong-Da Tan , Melissa Teoh Teng-Tenk, , Teck-Heang Lee
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that affect the behavioral intention of Malaysians individuals to adopt online stock trading. The primary data is collected with the help of structured questionnaire from 285 participants in the study who are current or potential investors in the Malaysian stock market. The online surveys were distributed from the last quarter of 2019 to the first quarter of 2020. This study uses the structured and self-administered online questionnaire survey tool to collect the primary data from samples. Non-probability convenient sampling method was employed and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) is adopted. The results indicate that all constructs, namely performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI) and facilitating conditions (FC) have a direct significant positive relationship toward behavioral intention. In addition, the study shows that PE is the most important factor in determining individuals’ behavioral intention in adopting online stock trading. In conclusion, online stock trading system developer should focus on designing the additional useful features and ensuring the quality of the information to satisfy the demands and desires of the general public and to build features such as prompting traders to avoid the possibility of over trading or with feature enabling users to backtrack and test their trading strategies and to customize different types of analysis to help users making informed investment decisions.
Ultrathin Aluminum Nanosheets Grown on Carbon Nanotubes for High Performance Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Xiong , Yang Chengkai , Zhao Yajun , Li Yang , Shang Zhicheng , Zhou Henghui , Liu Wen , Luo Liang , Sun Xiaoming
Published: November 2021

Aluminum metal with high capacity has been regarded as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries but suffers from pulverization and side reactions upon the lithiation and de‐lithiation process, which depend on the rational design and controllable synthesis of nanostructures. Here, it is proposed that ultrathin aluminum nanosheets (Al‐NS) grown on carbon nanotubes as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Based on the preferential Al(111) crystal facet exposure and the rather limited thickness less than 5 nm, the batteries exhibit a high reversible capacity of 990 mAh g−1 at 1 C and an excellent rate capacity of 524.6 mAh g−1 at 24 C, and a long term stability with almost no capacity fading after 500 cycles at high C‐rates of 5, 10, and 20 C. Density functional theory based first principle calculation reveals that the high Young's modulus of Al(111) facet for fast Li+ diffusion and composite materials design with carbon nanotubes enable high rate capability and mitigate huge volume change during discharge/charge process. The results prove that ultrathin Al nanosheets can be a low cost and high‐performance anode material for lithium ion batteries.
Near‐Infrared Afterglow and Related Photochromism from Solution‐Grown Perovskite Crystal
Authors: Liu Nianqiao , Zheng Wei , Sun Ruijia , Li Xiuling , Xie Xiaoyin , Wang Liangling , Zhang Yuhai
Published: November 2021

Near‐infrared (NIR) afterglow is keenly sought in emerging areas including deep‐tissue imaging and night‐vision surveillance, while only few successes in powder phosphors are achieved through solid‐state calcination. In this work, a perovskite single crystal, namely Cs2Na0.2Ag0.8InCl6:Yb3+, is grown in solution via a simple hydrothermal reaction. Through a co‐doping strategy involving both Na+ and Yb3+, dual‐band emission in the visible and NIR region is activated by self‐trapped excitons (STE) and lanthanide ions, respectively. Importantly, the total photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of both bands is boosted to ≈82%. Intriguingly, a long‐lasting afterglow at the NIR band (≈7200 s) and a simultaneous photochromism is observed after ceasing the excitation. Importantly, the transparency of crystals exhibit a pronounced contrast in the decoloration process, enabling a quantitative analysis of photochromism at varied temperatures. On the other hand, the transparent crystals enable the design of a light‐storage battery free of reabsorption, featuring a linear power output with crystal loading. This work proposes a new paradigm to quantitatively correlate the afterglow traps to photochromism, opening many possibilities to practical applications of NIR‐afterglow transparent crystals.
Nonvolatile Logic and Ternary Content‐Addressable Memory Based on Complementary Black Phosphorus and Rhenium Disulfide Transistors
Authors: Xiong Xiong , Kang Jiyang , Liu Shiyuan , Tong Anyu , Fu Tianyue , Li Xuefei , Huang Ru , Wu Yanqing
Published: November 2021

Hardware realization of in‐memory computing for efficient data‐intensive computation is regarded as a promising paradigm beyond the Moore era. However, to realize such functions, the device structure using traditional Si complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology is complex with a large footprint. 2D material‐based heterostructures have a unique advantage to build versatile logic functions based on novel heterostructures with simplified device footprint and low power. Here, by adopting the charge‐trapping mechanism between a black phosphorus (BP) channel and a phosphorus oxide (POx) layer, a nonvolatile CMOS logic circuit based on 2D BP and rhenium disulfide (ReS2) with a high voltage gain of ≈275 is realized with a persistent hysteresis window. A Schmidt‐like flip‐flop using only two transistors is also demonstrated, with far fewer transistor numbers than the conventional silicon counterpart, which usually requires six transistors. Furthermore, four‐transistor (4T) nonvolatile ternary content‐addressable memory (nvTCAM) cells are demonstrated with far fewer transistors for parallel data search. The nvTCAM cells exhibit high resistance ratios (Rratio) up to ≈103 between match and mismatch states with zero standby power thanks to the nonvolatility of the BP transistors. This back‐end‐of‐line compatible nvTCAM shows advantages over other structures with reduced complexity and thermal budget.
Erythropoietic properties of human induced pluripotent stem cells‐derived red blood cells in immunodeficient mice
Authors: Deng Jiusheng , Lancelot Moira , Jajosky Ryan , Deng Qiaomei , Deeb Kristin , Saakadze Natia , Gao Yongxing , Jaye David , Liu Senquan , Stowell Sean R. , Cheng Linzhao , Roback John D.
Published: November 2021

Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is a life‐saving intervention for anemic patients. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have the capability to expand and differentiate into RBCs (iPSC‐RBCs). Here we developed a murine model to investigate the in vivo properties of human iPSC‐RBCs. iPSC lines were produced from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by transient expression of plasmids containing OCT4, SOX2, MYC, KLF4, and BCL‐XL genes. Human iPSC‐RBCs were generated in culture supplemented with human platelet lysate, and were CD34−CD235a+ CD233+ CD49dlow CD71low; about 13% of iPSC‐RBCs were enucleated before transfusion. Systemic administration of clodronate liposomes (CL) and cobra venom factor (CVF) to NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice markedly promoted the circulatory survival of human iPSC‐RBCs following transfusion. While iPSC‐RBCs progressively decreased with time, 90% of circulating iPSC‐RBCs were enucleated 1 day after transfusion (CD235a+ CD233+ CD49d− CD71−). Surprisingly, human iPSC‐RBCs reappeared in the peripheral circulation at 3 weeks after transfusion at levels more than 8‐fold higher than at 1 h after transfusion. Moreover, a substantial portion of the transfused nucleated iPSC‐RBCs preferentially homed to the bone marrow, and were detectable at 24 days after transfusion. These results suggest that nucleated human iPSC‐derived cells that homed to the bone marrow of NSG mice retained the capability to complete differentiation into enucleated erythrocytes and egress the bone marrow into peripheral blood. The results offer a new model using human peripheral blood‐derived iPSC and CL/CVF‐treated NSG mice to investigate the development and circulation of human erythroid cells in vivo.
Severe immersion pulmonary edema in a novice elderly scuba diver after heavy alcohol intake
Authors: Morimatsu Yoshitaka , Nasu Michitaka , Murata Yukio , Kitahara Yusuke , Arakaki Junya , Fukumoto Taizo , Nishikiori Hideharu , Ishitake Tatsuya
Published: November 2021

Background

There are no reports of immersion pulmonary edema induced by excessive alcohol intake. We describe the case of a novice scuba diver who developed apnea due to immersion pulmonary edema during scuba diving after heavy alcohol intake.

Case Presentation

A 71‐year‐old hypertensive man, without regular antihypertensive therapy, performed diving after excessive alcohol intake (total amount, approximately 253 g) until the night before. When swimming at a depth of 12 m, the patient experienced chest discomfort and ascended immediately but became unconscious. Respiratory arrest was confirmed, and he spat pink foamy sputum. On hospital admission, hypoxemia was confirmed, and chest radiography revealed butterfly‐shaped shadows. Therefore, mechanical ventilation was initiated. The next day, his blood oxygenation level improved, and the radiographic shadows disappeared. He was discharged on day 7 of hospitalization without sequelae.

Conclusion

A scuba diver with untreated hypertension might develop immersion pulmonary edema during diving after heavy alcohol intake.
Tailoring of advanced poly(lactic acid)‐based materials: A review
Authors: Milovanovic Stoja , Pajnik Jelena , Lukic Ivana
Published: November 2021

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) stands out as the most promising biodegradable alternative to conventional petrochemical‐based polymers for manufacturing of high‐performance materials applied in medicine, pharmacy, food, textile, and electronic industry. This review was aimed to present the conventional and up‐to‐date technologies for PLA processing including melt blending and molding, hot melt extrusion, 3D printing, foaming, impregnation, thermally induced phase separation, nano‐ and microparticles preparation, wet and dry spinning processes. In addition, the effect of the processing parameters and polymer characteristics on the properties of the final material was elaborated. Diverse possibilities to tailor properties of PLA‐based materials by variation in polymer characteristics and concentration, solvent selection, drying method, processing pressure and temperature, incorporation of bioactive components, and so on were highlighted. The examples of the relations between processing methods, parameters, and end‐product properties are given for a better understanding of all aspects that need to be perceived for fabrication of PLA‐based materials with required performances.
High thermal conductivity graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes/butyl rubber composites prepared by a dry ice expansion pre‐dispersion flocculation method
Authors: Bian Huiguang , Xue Junxiu , Hao Guoqiang , Hao Yingjie , Xie Miao , Wang Chuansheng , Wang Zhifei , Zhu Lin , Xiao Yao
Published: November 2021

Butyl rubber (IIR) is widely used in tire inner liners and tubes, vulcanization bladders, and shock absorption materials due to its extremely low air permeability, excellent aging resistance, and good energy absorption. However, its low thermal conductivity affects its performance and the service life of the product, while it also limits its application. Therefore, the preparation of butyl rubber composites with high thermal conductivity is of great significance and practical value. This paper proposes the use of a dry ice expansion pre‐dispersion flocculation method to improve the thermal conductivity of butyl rubber composites by simultaneously doping graphene oxide (GO) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) in butyl latex. The experimental results of this study show that the dry ice expansion pre‐dispersion method uses the huge volume expansion force of dry ice to break the nanofillers aggregates during sublimation, promote the dispersion of nanofillers, and achieve better modification effects. Moreover, GO and MWCNTs have good synergistic thermal conductivity, which can establish a complete three‐dimensional thermal conductivity network inside the composite. When 5 wt% of GO and 5 wt% of MWCNTs were added, GO/MWCNTs/IIR composites exhibited the highest thermal conductivity, which reached 0.423 W m−1 K−1 at 180°C.
Ossification pattern of the unusual pisiform in two‐toed (Choloepus) and three‐toed sloths (Bradypus)
Authors: Gavazzi Lia M. , Kjosness Kelsey M. , Reno Philip L.
Published: November 2021

Two‐toed (Choloepus sp.) and three‐toed (Bradypus sp.) sloths possess short, rounded pisiforms that are rare among mammals and differ from other members of Xenarthra like the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) which retain elongated, rod‐like pisiforms in common with most mammals. Using photographs, radiographs, and μCT, we assessed ossification patterns in the pisiform and the paralogous tarsal, the calcaneus, for two‐toed sloths, three‐toed sloths, and giant anteaters to determine the process by which pisiform reduction occurs in sloths and compare it to other previously studied examples of pisiform reduction in humans and orangutans. Both extant sloth genera achieve pisiform reduction through the loss of a secondary ossification center and the likely disruption of the associated growth plate based on an unusually porous subchondral surface. This represents a third unique mechanism of pisiform reduction among mammals, along with primary ossification center loss in humans and retention of two ossification centers with likely reduced growth periods in orangutans. Given the remarkable similarities between two‐toed and three‐toed sloth pisiform ossification patterns and the presence of pisiform reduction in fossil sloths, extant sloth pisiform morphology does not appear to represent a recent convergent adaptation to suspensory locomotion, but instead is likely to be an ancestral trait of Folivora that emerged early in the radiation of extant and fossil sloths.
Time‐resolved photometry of the high‐energy radiation of M dwarfs with the Star‐Planet Activity Research Cubesat
Authors: Ramiaramanantsoa Tahina , Bowman Judd D. , Shkolnik Evgenya L. , Loyd Robert Oliver Parke , Ardila David R. , Barman Travis , Basset Christophe , Beasley Matthew , Cheng Samuel , Gamaunt Johnathan , Gorjian Varoujan , Jacobs Daniel , Jensen Logan , Jewell April , Knapp Mary , Llama Joe , Meadows Victoria , Nikzad Shouleh , Peacock Sarah , Scowen Paul , Swain Mark R.
Published: November 2021

Know thy star, know thy planet, … especially in the ultraviolet (UV). Over the past decade, that motto has grown from mere wish to necessity in the M dwarf regime, given that the intense and highly variable UV radiation from these stars is suspected of strongly impacting their planets' habitability and atmospheric loss. This has led to the development of the Star‐Planet Activity Research CubeSat (SPARCS), a NASA‐funded 6U CubeSat observatory fully devoted to the photometric monitoring of the UV flaring of M dwarfs hosting potentially habitable planets. The SPARCS science imaging system uses a 9‐cm telescope that feeds two delta‐doped UV‐optimized CCDs through a dichroic beam splitter, enabling simultaneous monitoring of a target field in the near‐UV and far‐UV. A dedicated onboard payload processor manages science observations and performs near‐real‐time image processing to sustain an autonomous dynamic exposure control algorithm needed to mitigate pixel saturation during flaring events. The mission is currently halfway into its development phase. We present an overview of the mission's science drivers and its expected contribution to our understanding of star‐planet interactions. We also present the expected performance of the autonomous dynamic exposure control algorithm, a first‐of‐its‐kind onboard a space‐based stellar astrophysics observatory.
Chemically Coupled Fe2O3/Graphene Hydrogel as Binder‐Free Anode Material for Stable Ni‐Fe Battery with High Energy and Power Density
Authors: Yin Fuqiang , Yang Pingping , Chen Xiaoying , Yang Qing , Xie Jiale
Published: November 2021

Aqueous nickel‐iron (Ni−Fe) batteries provide a sustainable solution for large‐scale power sources, but their practical applications are still restrained by the nonstable Fe anodes. A simple, inexpensive and mass‐manufacturable one‐pot strategy is used to in situ grow Fe2O3 nanoparticles on graphene sheets for preparing a chemically coupled Fe2O3/graphene hydrogel (Fe2O3@GH), of which the pore structure can be well rationally tuned by the ratio of graphene to Fe2O3. In contrast to the conventional iron oxide/carbon anodes (FeOx/C), Fe2O3@GH anode in Ni−Fe batteries delivers much higher specific capacity (287.2 mAh g−1 vs. 159.5 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1), better stability (capacity retention of 95 % vs. 61.2 % after 1000 charge/discharge cycles) and superior power density comparable with supercapacitors. More remarkably, the assembled full rechargeable Ni−Fe battery made from Ni(OH)2 microspheres growing on Ni foam (Ni(OH)2 MSs@NF) (+)//Fe2O3@GH (−) achieves excellent cycling stability (retention of 82 % of specific capacity after 500 cycles) at a large operating potential of 1.6 V, while delivering the largest energy density of 203 Wh kg−1 and also a highest power density of 6.4 kW kg−1 among the reported full Ni−Fe batteries. This work holds great promises to fabricate alternative safer high‐performance vehicle batteries.
A ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on carbon quantum dots realized the quantitative and visual detection of Hg2+
Authors: Liu Yalei , Su Luyao , Wang Sui , Guo Zhiyong , Hu Yufang
Published: November 2021

In this paper, based on the fluorescence of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) quenched by mercury ions (Hg2+) and the nonresponse of Hg2+ to rhodamine B fluorescence, a dual emission ratio fluorescence sensor was constructed to realize the quantitative detection of Hg2+. Under excitation at 365 nm, the fluorescence spectrum showed double emission peaks at 437 nm and 590 nm, corresponding to the fluorescence emissions of CQDs and rhodamine B, respectively. This method quantitatively detected Hg2+ based on the linear relationship between the ratio of the intensities of the two emission peaks F437/F590 and the concentration of Hg2+. The detection range was 10–70 nM, and the limit of detection (S/N = 3) was 3.3 nM. In addition, this method could also realize the qualitative and semiquantitative detection of Hg2+ according to the fluorescence colour change of the probe under ultraviolet light. After various evaluations, the method could be successfully applied to the quantitative and visual detection of Hg2+ in tap water, and demonstrated excellent selectivity, anti‐interference performance, and repeatability of the method.