bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Students’ Participation in the 5E-Based Flipped Classroom Approach
Authors: Cengiz Parlak Neslihan , Kinay İsmail
Published: March 2024

This study aims to evaluate the participation of students levels in the 5E-based flipped classroom approach. The participants of the study consist of 12 students in the 7th grade at a public school. Case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was adopted in the study. In this study, how student participation occurred at each stage of the 5E-based flipped classroom approach was evaluated based on the students' subjective experiences. The data evaluated in the study were obtained through video recordings taken during classroom lessons, student worksheets, student documents uploaded in Google Classroom, semi-structured interview questions, audio recordings, field notes of the researcher teacher, and observation forms. Observation forms were created by the researcher to analyze in-class and out-of-class processes. Observation forms were prepared in line with the principles specified in the stages of the 5E-based classroom approach, which is the basis of the study. In the analysis of the data, deductive-inductive qualitative content analysis was used. In the coding process, a preliminary coding list was created using elements of both deductive and inductive approaches, and deductive categories were employed based on the 5E-based flipped classroom approach, which serves as the theoretical background of the study. According to the results of this study, it has been observed that in the use of the 5E-based flipped classroom approach, students' participation in out-of-class processes prepares students for in-class processes, and thus students actively participate in in-class processes. This study provides a framework for teachers to develop effective teaching strategies in terms of increasing student participation in in-class and out-of-class processes using the 5E-based flipped classroom approach. It also offers suggestions regarding the 5E-based flipped classroom approach to ensure student participation in mathematics lessons and emphasizes the importance of student participation in the learning process.
Is Normal Knee Biomechanics Reproduced by Modern Total Knee Arthroplasty Designs? The Role of Fluoroscopy
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA and the Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System (PAVAHCS), Palo Alto, USA, Indelli Pier Francesco
Published: March 2024

Knee kinematics has been studied since the seventeen century with increasing enthusiasm: recent studies showed that femoral rollback, femoral external rotation and tibia internal rotation are all required for normal daily living. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful procedure in treating subjects with severe knee osteoarthritis: unfortunately, knee joint kinematic after TKA can differ substantially when compared to the kinematic of the normal knee. Numerous kinematic studies using standing and mobile fluoroscopy, gait analysis technologies and simple in vitro techniques have extensively evaluated those differences. In this review article, the authors reviewed the contribution of different fluoroscopic studies in understanding the biomechanical differences between the native and the replaced knee.
Gouty Arthritis of the Axial Skeleton: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugao, Ichikawa, Chiba, 271-8513 Japan, Kobashi Yuko , Munetomo Yohei ,   Department of Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugao, Ichikawa, Chiba, 271-8513 Japan, Baba Akira ,   Department of Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugao, Ichikawa, Chiba, 271-8513 Japan, Yamazoe Shinji ,   Department of Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugao, Ichikawa, Chiba, 271-8513 Japan, Mogami Takuji ,   Department of Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugao, Ichikawa, Chiba, 271-8513 Japan
Published: March 2024

We present a case of a patient with systemic gout disease who did not receive any treatments for 10 years. A seventy-one-year-old male came to our attention for physical weariness, chest discomfort, a mild fever for more than a month and right knee pain. His blood test and laboratory data showed elevated white blood cell (WBC), uric acid (UA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The bone scintigraphy showed increased radioactive tracer suggestive of multiple arthritis including axial skeleton. Whole body computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple areas of bone erosion and tophi, especially in the sternoclavicular joints, sternocostal joints and facet joints of lumbar spine. Gouty arthritis typically affects the peripheral joints of the appendicular skeleton, especially feet and hands. Systemic gout disease affects not only the peripheral joints of the appendicular skeleton, but also the axial skeleton. Although joint aspiration is needed to detect monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, both scintigraphy and CT scan are powerful means to diagnose gouty arthritis at the same time.
Cultural Adaptation for Common Orthopedic Disorders Pathology and Presentations With Focus on Middle Eastern and Asian Patients
Authors:   Chief of Spine Surgery and Orthopedic Casualties, Alrazi Hospital, Alobaid Abdulrazzaq ,   Chairman of Faculty Orthopedics and Post Graduate Training, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization (KIMS), Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Canadian Board Certified, P.O. Box 1160, Surra 45712, Kuwait
Published: March 2024

Globalization has gone parallel to the evolution of the human societies. The current migration and immigration trends towards high-income countries resulted in societies with multi-ethnic backgrounds. This resulted in the introduction of diseases and pathology not commonly encountered among those societies, placing challenges on the medical communities and treating physicians. Thus, it is essential for the medical communities to appreciate and understand the cultural differences. A brief overview on common orthopedic issues and the variation among different ethnic groups.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors May Improve Glycemic Control in Patients Rheumatoid Arthritis and Concomitant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Division of Rheumatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, Danve Abhijeet , Sehra Shivtej ,   Instructor, Mount Auburn Hospital and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, Jaykumar Divya ,   Internal Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, Kulkarni Supriya ,   Attending Physician, Middlesex Hospital Endocrinology, Middletown, CT, USA
Published: March 2024

Insulin resistance is a key feature of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Inflammation and insulin resistance are closely linked with each other. I. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been found to impair the insulin sensitivity and promote insulin resistance through multiple actions on the insulin sensitive tissues. Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 and IL-8 may inhibit insulin signaling.1 Hotamisligil et al2 did the pioneering work in 1993 confirming the link between TNF-α and insulin resistance in mice. Animal studies have confirmed that the TNF-α interferes with phosphorylation cascades of the insulin receptor beta subunit and insulin receptor substrate-1, thereby altering the transmembrane signaling that is essential for insulin action in various insulin sensitive tissues.3-5 Also TNF-α causes depletion of GLUT 4, the insulin sensitive glucose transporter in adipocytes and muscles.2,6,7 A intravenous administration of a recombinant TNF-α receptor antibody resulted in improvement in insulin sensitivity2 and dramatic reductions in plasma insulin, glucose, and non-esterified fatty acid levels5 in obese, as compared with lean rats
A Rare Cause of Shoulder Pain: Ganglion Cyst of the Acromioclavicular Joint
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Abant Izzet Baysal University School of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey, Sarman Hakan , Celik Metin ,   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Abant Izzet Baysal University School of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey, Bala Mehmet Murat ,   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Abant Izzet Baysal University School of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey
Published: March 2024

Ganglion cysts generally form after repeated microtrauma to the dorsum of the wrist. They are gel-filled cystic formations that may be rooted in the joint capsule, tendon, or tendon sheath. Ganglion cysts rooted in the shoulder and acromioclavicular joint are rare. We report a patient who presented with pain in the right shoulder, who was diagnosed with atypical localization of a ganglion cyst after clinical and radiological investigation. Post-operatively, histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. The case is presented along with the surgical results.
The QuickDASH in the Assessment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity
Authors:   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA, Carrol Matthew B.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Disease activity indices help guide therapy towards disease remission. This study studied whether the modified version of the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), the QuickDASH, was valid in measuring RA disease activity. Methods: This prospective cohort study evaluated the performance of the QuickDASH in measuring RA disease activity as compared with the validated index, the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3). Both questionnaires were completed by subjects at each clinic visit. Primary endpoint was assessment of construct validity and reliability of the QuickDASH in the assessment of RA disease activity as compared to the RAPID3. Results: One-hundred and five patients enrolled in this study. There is a strong correlation between QuickDASH and RAPID3 (r=0.808, p<0.0001). The high reliability of the QuickDASH was indicated with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.882 (95% CI: 0.864, 0.899) (p<0.0001). Internal consistency was strong (Cronbach alpha 0.894). Linear regression analysis yielded QuickDASH=3.595+(2.789*RAPID3). Reliability of the QuickDASH in capturing disease activity consistent with RAPID3 ranges was high with an ICC of 0.858 (95% CI 0.835, 0.877) (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the QuickDASH was very reliable and internally consistent in the measurement of RA disease activity. The QuickDASH correlates well with ranges of RA disease activity established by the RAPID3 and may be a surrogate for the RAPID3 in clinical practice.
A Novel Application for a Rheumatologic Medication
Authors:   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA, Haller Charles F. , Carroll Matthew B. ,   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA, Smith Christopher ,   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA, Moulds-Love Yolanda ,   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA, Pomeroy William ,   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA, Ramsey Bryan C. ,   Department of Rheumatology, Keesler Air Force Base Medical Center, 301 Fisher Av., Keesler AFB, MS 39534, USA
Published: March 2024

Rheumatology has enjoyed significant advances in pharmacotherapy over the past two decades. Now, with our arsenals buffered, we ask, “Can these novel anti-rheumatic drugs escape the niche of rheumatology? Is their utility beyond the joints and autoimmunological processes? Say perhaps, myocardial infarctions?”
Diagnosis and Cure: Intellectual Honesty is the Basis of All Science
Authors:   Retired-Private Practice, Internal Medicine/Rheumatology (1968-2008) and Clinical Faculty-Full Professor, University of Texas Medical School, San Antonio, Texas, USA (1968-2008), Miller Alfred
Published: March 2024

There is a saying, “live and learn.” I have practiced medicine for over fifty years. I have lived and I have learned. I had a private practice in Internal Medicine/Rheumatology from 1968-2008 in San Antonio, TX, USA.
Alternative Effective Management of the Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors:   Division of Clinical Sciences, Life University, Marietta, GA, USA, Plotkina Olena , Bourdeinyi Andrei ,   Division of Basic Sciences, Life University, Marietta, GA, USA
Published: March 2024

There is a considerable amount of evidence regarding the effectiveness of high-velocity low amplitude (HVLA) manipulation on virtually all joints of the human body, both in the spine and extremities.
A Rare Cutaneous Manifestation of the Systemic Erythematosus Lupus: The Chilblain Lupus – A Clinical Case
Authors:   Department of Rheumatology, General University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain, Castro-Corredor David , Sánchez-Caminero Prado ,   Department of Dermatology, General University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain, de Lara-Simón Isabel M. ,   Department of Pathology, General University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain, Piaggio-Muente Fiorella L. ,   Department of Family and Communitary, General University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
Published: March 2024

Perniosis or chilblain pernio is an inflammatory skin disease, typically located on acral skin surfaces secondary to prolonged exposure to cold temperatures and damp conditions. This disorder can appear as an idiopathic dermatosis, usually in young women, but occasionally it is associated with diseases such as anorexia, intestinal lymphoma, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, monoclonal gammopathies, cryoproteinaemia, viral infections, as well as connective tissue diseases, especially lupus, picture that is known as chilblain lupus. We present a case of perniosis associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and review the literature.
Bone Grafting, Its Principle and Application: A Review
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, P. O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, Fesseha Haben , Fesseha Yohannes ,   College of Health Science, School of Medicine, Mekelle University, P. O. Box1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone through transferring bone cells from a donor to the recipient site and the graft could be from a patient’s own body, an artificial, synthetic, or natural substitute. Bone grafts and bone graft substitutes are indicated for a variety of orthopedic abnormalities such as comminuted fractures (due to car accidents, falling from a height or gunshot injury), delayed unions, non-unions, arthrodesis, osteomyelitis and congenital diseases (rickets, abnormal bone development) and are used to provide structural support and enhance bone healing. Autogenous, allogeneic, and artificial bone grafts are common types and sources of grafts and the advancement of allografts, synthetic bone grafts, and new operative techniques may have influenced the use of bone grafts in recent years. Osteogenesis, osteoinduction, osteoconduction, mechanical supports are the four basic mechanisms of bone grafting and help bone tissue to regenerate completely. A bone graft can be harvested from the iliac crest, proximal tibia, proximal humerus, proximal femur, ribs, and sternum. An ideal bone graft substitites should be biologically inert, readily available, must possess osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, provide mechanical support, easily adaptable in terms of size, shape, length and substituted by the host bone. Bone banks are the source of bone grafts and implants and necessary for providing biological material for a series of orthopedic procedures. Bone grafts and implants can be selected as per clinical problems, the eq
An In-Depth Analysis of Our Myositis Cohort Following the Example of the EuroMyositis Registry
Authors:   Department of Rheumatology, HELIOS Clinic Vogelsang-Gommern, Sophie von Boetticher Str. 1, 39245 Vogelsang-Gommern, Germany, Tomaras Stylianos , Kekow Jörn ,   Department of Rheumatology, HELIOS Clinic Vogelsang-Gommern, Sophie von Boetticher Str. 1, 39245 Vogelsang-Gommern, Germany
Published: March 2024

Background To describe our myositis cohort in-depth. Methods From January 2006 to December 2018, all newly diagnosed myositis patients were retrospectively enrolled in the study. We performed a subtype reclassification using the 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria, following the example of the EuroMyositis registry. Disease activity and damage were measured by the newest standardized assessment-tools for clinical studies. Comparisons between myositis subgroups were conducted using Fisher’s exact test. Results We enrolled 32 patients (25 were female): six patients with dermatomyositis, six with polymyositis, eleven with overlap myositis, six with antisynthetase syndrome, one with autoimmune necrotizing myopathy, one with juvenile antisynthetase syndrome and one with juvenile dermatomyositis. The overall median follow-up period was 23-months (9-44.75). Interstitial lung disease (ILD) was most frequently seen in patients with antisynthetase syndrome. Patients with overlap myositis were more likely to have polyarthritis mimicking rheumatoid arthritis, reduced capillary density in the nail fold capillaroscopy and Raynaud syndrome. Ovarian cancer during the follow-up period occurred in two patients (one with polymyositis and one with dermatomyositis). Myositis-related death was reported in two patients: acute respiratory failure in autoimmune necrotizing myopathy and dysphagia-related complications in polymyositis. Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and rituximab demonstrated a significant steroid-sparing effect. In 22 of 32 patients, the myositis subgroup classifications made on the basis of our opinion and the new EULAR/ACR classification criteria were different, showing strong disagreement, especially in the subtype polymyositis. Conclusion Our analysis highlights the heterogeneity in myositis subgroups and shows the steroid-sparing effect of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and rituximab.
Cutaneous Polyarteritis Nodosa in Adult Patient
Authors:   Rheumatology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain, Santos Cristiana S. , Álvarez Samuel S. ,   Anatomical Pathology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain, Moran González ,   Anatomical Pathology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain
Published: March 2024

Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa is a rarer variant of classic polyarteritis nodosa with unknown etiopathogenesis. It presents with skin, articular and nervous involvement, after systemic involvement is ruled out. This work reports the case of a 41-year-old male patient diagnosed with cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa with skin lesions, polyarthralgia and sensory axonal polyneuropathy
A Few Considerations on “A Rare Cause of Shoulder Pain Ganglion Cyst of the Acromioclavicular Joint”: A Letter to the Editor
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, Tse Lee C. , Zheng Zhi-Hong ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
Published: March 2024

We are very interested in the article by Sarman et al.1 A rare cause of shoulder pain: Ganglion cyst of the acromioclavicular joint.1 Ganglion cyst often induces severe pain and impairs quality of life, even with multi-modal therapies. The ganglion cyst commonly develops along the tendons or joints. Ganglion cysts are typically round or oval shape and filled with a jellylike fluid.
High and Rapid Effectiveness of Manipulation in the Symptomatic Subluxation of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint in a Child: A Case Report
Authors:   Division of Clinical Sciences, Life University, Marietta, GA, USA, Plotkina Olena , Bourdeinyi Andrei ,   Division of Basic Sciences, Life University, Marietta, GA, USA
Published: March 2024

In this article, a case of the lower leg and feet pain and cramps in a 5-year-old girl disturbing the child for two-years was described. These symptoms had been occurring just during the nights and lasted sometimes for 2-3-hours. There were no visible causes of this disorder. Previous examinations in a pediatric office and by a podiatrist did not reveal any pathology. In our office, both fibular heads were found to be subluxated postero-medially. We hypothesized that a causative factor of the pain and cramps was the involvement of the common peroneal nerve due to this subluxation. Manipulation of the fibular heads (a high-velocity, low-amplitude thrust) eliminated these symptoms after just two visits. In the future, these symptoms in the child occurred just a couple of times during the next eight-years of follow-up observations. Various types of treatment of the proximal tibiofibular joint pathology, the common peroneal nerve involvement, and the significance of manipulative therapy in this type of involvement that resulted in rapid and high effectiveness, are discussed in the article.
Flowers, sex, labour and loss
Authors: Thom Johan , Boshoff Willem , Oguibe Olu
Published: March 2024

Transcript of the keynote conversation between Willem Boshoff and Olu Oguibe at the Art, Access and Agency - Art Sites of Enabling Conference hosted by the University of Pretoria's School of the Arts and the University of Pretoria's Transformation Directorate from 7-9 October 2021. The conversation is introduced and moderated by Johan Thom. Transcribed by Natasha Kudita
Exploring Nnedi Okorafor's decolonial turn in the Binti Trilogy
Authors: Alexander Josephine Olufunmilayo
Published: March 2024

Nnedi Okorafor is one of the best-known speculative fiction writers who has centred African perspectives and delinked from Western models. In her trilogy, Binti (2015), Binti Home (2017) and Binti the Night Masquerade (2017a), Okorafor disrupts the dominant white-masculine supremacist convention and traditions for a more diverse and inclusive narrative. In this article, I use decolonial thinking and the lens of Sankofa, a decolonial and African knowledge philosophy and worldview, to explore how Okorafor uses settings, characterisation, and ancient African traditional knowledge to achieve a decolonial turn in speculative fiction. By centring Sankofa, Okorafor sets her fantastic stories in Namibia among the indigenous and marginalised Himba people. She creates strong female characters who embody a multiplicity of beings operating intricately in a complex earthly, spatial and spirit world, and she exploits ancient African traditional culture and knowledge systems to create her 'organic fantasy' and a world of speculative fiction that transforms Western understandings of the genre.
Csertölgy (Quercus cerris) állományok fatermési függvénye és táblája az ERTI tartamkísérleti hálózatának adatbázisa alapján
Authors: Kollár Tamás
Published: March 2024

Csertölgy fatermési táblát a magyarországi tartamkísérleti hálózat adatai alapján 1974-ben Hajdú Gábor, majd pedig 1983-ban Kovács Ferenc publikáltak. Azóta jelentős adattömeg halmozódott fel a Soproni Egyetem – Erdészeti Tudományos Intézetének (SOE – ERTI) hosszúlejáratú fatermési és erdőnevelési tartamkísérleti hálózatának újrafelvételezéseivel. Ezen adatbázis alapján fatermési függvény és fatermési tábla készült a csertölgy fatermésének pontosabb becslése érdekében. 343 db parcella 958 digitalizált jegyzőkönyvét dolgoztuk fel, mely alapján jelentős különbségeket tapasztaltunk a korábbi táblákhoz képest. A hagyományos fatermési tábla elkészítése mellett részletesen megadjuk a számítások módját, mely alapján kiszámítható egy állomány egyedi növekedési trendje. A táblák 100%-os csertölgy elegyarányt, záródást és sűrűséget feltételezve készültek.
Gyenge minőségű tölgy rönkökből készült lamellák kihozatali eredményei
Authors: Horváth Dénes , Fehér Sándor
Published: March 2024

A cikk témája a gyenge minőségű fűrészrönkökből készített deszkákból kinyerhető hibátlan lamellák mennyiségi elemzése. A vizsgálatba vont nemes tölgy rönkökből 30 mm bevágási vastagságú deszkák készültek, melyekből 50 darabot elemeztünk, reprezentálva a gyenge minőségű rönkökből kinyerhető tipikus anyagminőséget. Ezek felületének 18%-át tudtuk képelemzés alapján 1. osztályú lamellaként besorolni. A fűrészáruk felületének többi része vagy valamilyen fahibát tartalmazott, vagy nem volt a hibátlan rész lamellagyártáshoz megfelelő méretű. Míg a lamellák többségének hosszúsága 0,25 és 0,50 m közötti volt, a legnagyobb részüknek a szélessége a középső kategóriába (50 mm) került. E jó minőségű lamellákra azonban kis igény mutatkozik a piacon évtizedek óta, vagy nagyon alacsony áron használnák fel parketta-alapanyagként. Célszerű volna a későbbiekben alternatív felhasználási módot találni e nem elhanyagolható anyagmennyiségnek, mint a rétegelt-ragasztott fa tartók. Így bővíthető lenne az ipari termelésben felhasznált faanyagok mennyisége és magas hozzáadott értékkel bíró termékek volnának készíthetők egy jelenleg kihasználatlan szortimentből.
Depression among Adolescents: A Review of Beck’s Cognitive Behaviour Theory
Authors: Zaiden Fauziah , Mahfar Mastura
Published: March 2024

The phenomenon of depression has been a major concern recently, both nationally and globally. Depression is a disorder that involves changes in thoughts, emotions, feelings, and behaviours that make a person's daily life difficult, and if left untreated, can adversely affect individuals and society. Depression among adolescents certainly deserves attention as this group is considered as an asset that will drive the country in the future. Over the past few decades, Cognitive Behaviour Theory (CBT) has been proven to be the most dominant theory in psychological studies including depression in adolescents. CBT emphasises the interaction between the dimensions of affective, behavioural, and cognitive by incorporating cognitive and behavioural concepts and techniques in its treatment. It is found that, under the CBT group, Learned Helplessness Theory and Beck's Cognitive Behaviour Theory were the two most widely discussed on the concept of depression to date. Therefore, this article will discuss the background and the concept of these theories in describing depression. However, Beck’s CBT has been chosen as the most appropriate theory in discussing depression among adolescents based on the justifications addressed in this article.
The electroacoustic performance of digital noise reduction systems in commercial hearing aids with Malay speech-plus-noise test signals
Authors: Nazri Nurul Najwa , Ishak Wan Syafira
Published: March 2024

One of the most frequent complaints of hearing-impaired individuals is difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments. In order to improve listening comforts in background noise, digital noise reduction (DNR) has been incorporated into the hearing aid. However, each hearing aid manufacturer has their own proprietary algorithm for their DNR. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the DNR system in commercial hearing aids using the Malay speech-in-noise test. Electroacoustic testing has been performed on six hearing aids that have similar technology but different brands using newly developed Malay speech-in-noise test signals in the condition of DNR on and off. The total root-mean-square (RMS) gain reduction for each HA was calculated. The results show that the type of noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the gender of the speaker have a significant effect on the amount of gain reduction shown by the DNR of the tested hearing aids (p<0.05). In conclusion, clinicians need to measure and understand methods to verify the functionality of DNR before fitting a patient's hearing aid to ensure its effectiveness in real life.
Function of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: NASIR SITI NURMI , ABU NADIAH
Published: March 2024

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs formed by covalently closed loops through backsplicing. From previous studies, RNA was found to be involved in the development and formation of colorectal cancer. Emphasis on the true function of circRNAs in colorectal cancer, by focusing on the application of biogenesis, disease treatment and as a biomarker is able to develop cancer therapy with round RNA as a target. Cancer is a chronic disease that contributes to high mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in the world and in Malaysia in general. The incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer worldwide show a drastic and alarming increase. Colorectal cancer occurs due to mutations from certain genes involved in proliferation regulation, cell survival and cell death. This article aims to discuss the role and importance of round RNA in colorectal cancer. By identifying the true function of circRNAs, it can help us to develop our understanding of the biological role of real round RNA molecules in colorectal cancer.
Energy Dense Feeding in Premature Infants and Its’ Associated Outcomes
Authors: ALIAH NUR FILZAH
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 infection in pregnant mothers is associated with higher risk of intrauterine growth retardation and premature births. Very low birth weight infants are more susceptible to neurodevelopmental and chronic respiratory problems. An infant delivered at 33 weeks via caesarean section to a COVID-19 Stage 5A positive mother, weighing 1.43kg at birth. She was kept nil by mouth with parenteral nutrition (PN) support since day five of life until referred to dietitian on day 22 of life for enteral nutrition (EN) establishment. Feeding was administered intermittently via oro-gastric Ryle’s Tube. She was kept under non-invasive ventilation (NIV) mode and had difficulty in weaning from ventilation, leading to slow feeding progress. Initially, enteral trophic feeding was administered using premature infant formula fortified with modular products. In the later stage of feeding, modular products were tapered off and the formula was concentrated. Frequency of bowel output when using fortified formula is lesser compared to when using concentrated and supplemented formula. There is no significant difference in renal profile observed in both stages of feeding. Increasing energy intake using easily digestible sources is preferable as opposed to concentrating feeds even further due to concerns about osmolality and excess administration of other solutes. Intermittent bolus feeding mode may have an effect on dependency on oxygen since intermittent feeds can decrease tidal volume, minute ventilation and dynamic compliance. Additional research is necessary to establish optimal caloric density and nutritional compositions of feedings, feeding mechanisms and its’ effect on feeding tolerance.
A Pilot Study Assessing Digital Literacy: Preschool Teachers’ Readiness to Use Online Learning Platforms in Nutrition Education
Authors: YI TING CHONG , BEE KOON POH , ABD. TALIB RUZITA , DENISE KOH , PIK XUAN WOO , GEORGIA LIVAN NELSON , WHYE LIAN CHEAH , JULIA AI CHENG LEE , YATIMAN NOOR HAFIZAH , CECILIA A. ESSAU , SUE REEVES , CAROLYN SUMMERBELL , EDWARD LEIGH GIBSON
Published: March 2024

eToyBox merupakan platform pembelajaran dalam talian untuk guru prasekolah bagi meningkatkan literasi kesihatan dan seterusnya memperbaiki tingkah laku kanak-kanak yang berkaitan obesiti. Penilaian terhadap literasi digital, penerimaan bahan pendidikan digital, dan cabaran penggunaan program pendidikan berasaskan internet diperlukan sebelum pembangunan eToyBox. Seramai 54 orang guru prasekolah Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat (KEMAS) di Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, dan Sarawak yang terlibat dalam fasa intervensi ToyBox Study Malaysia pada tahun 2018 telah menyertai kajian keratan rentas ini. Soal selidik dalam talian diedarkan untuk menilai maklumat sosiodemografi, penggunaan alat komunikasi dan media, dan pandangan guru tentang penyesuaian modul ToyBox kepada bahan pendidikan digital. Subjek telah dihubungi, dan pautan soal selidik dikongsi melalui aplikasi WhatsApp. Kebanyakan subjek (74.0%) adalah perempuan Melayu dengan umur purata 37.7 ± 7.9 tahun. Kebanyakan subjek mempunyai akses internet (94.4%) dan memiliki sekurang-kurangnya telefon pintar, komputer riba atau tablet (94.4%). Majoriti subjek (75.0%) melaporkan kecekapan penggunaan teknologi pada tahap sederhana. Jumlah 65.0% subjek menilai kemahiran mereka dalam pemproses perkataan dan emel pada tahap mahir atau lebih tinggi; namun, hanya 22.0% dilaporkan untuk kemahiran hamparan elektronik lejar. Halangan utama untuk mengakses bahan pendidikan dalam talian ialah gangguan internet (74.1%). Kebanyakan subjek (90.0%) menyokong penyesuaian modul kepada pembelajaran dalam talian dan yakin bahawa ini akan memberi manfaat terhadap pembangunan profesional dan amalan pengajaran guru prasekolah. Kesimpulannya, majoriti subjek mempunyai tahap literasi digital yang sederhana dan bersedia menjalani pembelajaran serta pengajaran dalam talian. Hasil kajian ini boleh memberi panduan kepada pembangunan bahan pembelajaran dalam talian untuk guru prasekolah di Malaysia pada masa hadapan.
Impact of a Tailored Self-Management Education Programme for Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis in a Multi-Ethnic Country
Authors: KAMSAN SITI SALWANA , AJIT SINGH DEVINDER KAUR , PIN TAN MAW , KUMAR SARAVANA
Published: March 2024

Self-management education program (SMEP) is essential in the knee osteoarthritis (OA) management. While the benefits of tailored SMEP have been highlighted in the literature, evidence on the effects of tailored knee OA SMEP for multi-ethnic populations, such as in Malaysia, remains limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct an intervention study on a tailored SMEP among Malaysian older adults with knee OA. Participants aged 60 years and over with a diagnosis of knee OA were recruited. The intervention comprised four weekly structured group SMEP which was developed specifically for the multicultural population in Malaysia. Symptom’s severity and functional performance were assessed at baseline and six-week follow-up using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score questionnaire (KOOS), 30 seconds sit to stand (30sST), time up and go (TUG), chair sit and reach (CSR), back stretch (BS), handgrip strength (HGS) and two-minute walk (2MW) tests. Of the 32 individuals recruited, 30 participants, mean age of 66.77 (±6.42) years, completed the post-intervention assessment. Improvements in mean KOOS domains scores were observed by between 1.3% - 8.6% from baseline to follow-up. Significant differences between baseline and follow-up scores were identified for 30sST (p < 0.05), TUG ( p < 0.001) and 2MW (p < 0.001) tests. A 4-week tailored SMEP delivered face to face by a physiotherapist, improved lower limb muscle strength, mobility, balance and endurance. Larger randomized controlled trials regarding the long-term effects of SMEP for older adults with OA is warranted.
THE BENEFIT OF GARLIC FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE AND MALAY PRACTISE
Authors: ZURANI NURFITRI , TUKIRAN NUR AZIRA , YAZIK ADRIANA
Published: March 2024

Garlic is one of the herbs that being used as a flavor in food. But it is also known as traditional medicine among the Malay community. However, the scientific observation about the benefit of garlic, especially from the Islamic perspective has not been fully documented. Thus, in this research, we aim to unravel the remedies of garlic and its uniqueness from the Islamic perspective and explain how the efficacy and uses of garlic in treating diseases practiced by the Malay community. The findings show that the use of garlic as traditional medicine has been used since time immemorial and has been proven to bring many good effects in curing diseases such as help to lower body pressure, reduce the risk of cancer, eliminate bad breath and many more. The findings also show different beliefs, races, and cultures are among the factors in different ways of using garlic as a medicine. However, this study will focus more on Malay practitioners. In this research, descriptive analysis is used and involving many types of text such as Al-Qur'an, Hadith Nabawi, and selected Malay manuscript on Malay traditional medicine to study the remedies of garlic and its practice among Malay practitioners. This study is important in order to increase the understanding and knowledge about the benefit of garlic in medicine as a cure rather than just use it as a flavor in food.
INVESTING IN RENEWABLE ENERGY TRANSITION AS A KEY TREND IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bulkot O. , Liubkina O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Anisimova L. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Petrovsky M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

Background. Energy transition is crucial for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and fostering sustainable global economic growth. However, with the uneven pace of energy transition across regions, businesses will encounter numerous challenges in identifying opportunities and risks while adapting to new policies and evolving market dynamics. The implementation of any strategy, particularly those related to the new transition approach with anticipated outcomes leading to conceptual shifts in interactions within both national and global economies will also require substantial investments and financing capacities. The energy transition will require huge investments over many years in renewable energy generation, energy efficiency, and energy infrastructure. That is why this article aims to analyze and summarize the key investment trends supporting the renewable energy transition in the global economy. Methods. To provide due and relevant research the scientific generalizations, analogies, abstraction, analysis, and synthesis were used in the generalization of theoretical foundations of RE transition; the scientific analysis and generalization were implied while studying related publications and providing the conclusions; the method of logical analysis, structural, statistical and system methods were used for the analysis of the statistical and analytical data. Results. In 2022, the total new investment in renewable energy reached approximately $495 billion globally, marking a 17 % increase from the previous year. The funding for clean energy worldwide has been steadily increasing over the last two decades. In 2022, global investments in transition technologies reached $1.3 trillion. But, as this research shows, investment in renewable energy will need to triple by the end of this decade. Most of the investments were made in developed countries widening the annual investment deficit that developing countries face in achieving the SDGs by 2030: the gap is now about $4 trillion per year up from $2.5 trillion in 2015 when the SDGs were adopted. Conclusions. The energy transition requires investment not only in renewable energy generation and electrification but also in sustainable infrastructure, energy-efficient buildings, and decarbonization of industry. To meet climate goals, the energy transition requires a faster pace of renewable energy generation and end-use, in electrification of end-use sectors and improved energy efficiency. Businesses also have a key role to play in financing investments in the RE transition – they are the key enablers.
ADAM SMITH: EGOISM AT THE SERVICE OF THE ECONOMY
Authors:   Constantine 2 University Abdelhamid Mehri, Constantine, Algeria, DJEGHRI Billel
Published: March 2024

Background. Defenders of scientific economics will enthusiastically look to Adam Smith's writings for arguments in favor of free trade to bolster the metaphor that heralds later formulations of general equilibrium theory, while his critics will be just as tenacious in seeking out Adam Smith's highly debatable assumptions and methods that call into question the discursive chain of political economy. The aim of this article is to situate Adam Smith's thesis of liberalism and his philosophy of egoism in its historical context, in order to better understand the workings of our modern economy and its future, taking note of the fact that Adam Smith sought to transpose certain anthropological principles to the sciences in general, and to economics in particular. Methods. The author has adopted classic scientific research methods. First, a historical method is used to provide a portrait of Adam Smith and the key events in his life that shaped his vision of economics. Then, a descriptive method focusing on an overview of Adam Smith's main theses on egoism and its interaction with economics. Finally, an analytical method, based on a detour through Adam Smith's anthropology and moral philosophy, will enable us to better understand why a society driven by self-interest can survive and even prosper. Results. The article concludes that, for Adam Smith, the "egoistic" motive that drives each individual to constantly improve his or her economic situation generates beneficial effects at the national level and leads to the best possible economic organization by achieving the general interest through competition. In this respect, egoism will always be the main force organizing the economic activities of any society. Natural equilibrium therefore results from the interaction of all individuals in the economy and the confrontation of their interests, without the need for any regulatory intervention, because all individuals, in one way or another, are selfish. Conclusions. For over a century, Adam Smith's thinking on egoism and its role in the economy has been consciously or unconsciously decontextualized to serve the ideology of free-market advocates. It's true that Adam Smith's famous metaphor of the "invisible hand" alluded to the harmonious functioning of the "market". In other words, the selfishness of each leads to an equilibrium through the satisfaction of his or her self-interest. We can't deny that, for Adam Smith, liberalism is still based to a certain extent on the principle of a natural equilibrium resulting from the way we all play our part in the economy and the confrontation of our interests.
Ultrasonic metrics for large-area rapid wrinkle detection and classification in composites
Authors: Smith R A , Tayong R B , Nelson L J , Mienczakowski M J , Wilcox P D
Published: March 2024

Due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, composite materials are now in use in many high-stress applications, particularly where light weight is also a requirement. In these situations, the detrimental knock-down in mechanical strength due to an out-of-plane wrinkle defect can have
serious consequences and is the reason for a requirement to rapidly detect any such wrinkles at manufacture. Unfortunately, current ultrasonic inspection techniques used for quality control at manufacture are not sensitive enough to detect these wrinkles above coherent structural noise variations.
This paper exploits the ply resonance that is a characteristic of multi-layer structures to generate two new metrics for both detection and classification of out-of-plane wrinkles, due to their perturbations of the ply spacing. These can be measured at every location on a structure using the
instantaneous frequency, which is the rate of change of phase in the pulse-echo ultrasonic response. The proposed two new metrics for detection and classification of wrinkles are mean spacing and spacing difference and they can be applied to each waveform in real time, as it is acquired. Use
of an analytical model to predict the ultrasonic response of the structure has allowed an understanding of how these metrics will be affected by various wrinkle types and how they can not only detect wrinkles but also classify the type of wrinkle and provide an approximate indication of severity.
Three main types of wrinkle are considered: classic wrinkles near the mid-plane of a structure, back-surface wrinkles formed from a resin bulge near the back of a structure and folded wrinkles where several plies can be folded over completely in the bulk of the structure. Both simulations
and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of these metrics on various types of structure, including carbon-fibre and hybrid carbon/glass-fibre composites with a range of ply thicknesses and wrinkle types.
Optimisation and wear performance analysis of laser-cladded WC-Fe-based coating
Authors: Cao Youhong , Yin Ziqiang , Zhan Yan , Wang Shouren , Wen Daosheng , Wang Gaoqi , Xia Dianxiu , Li Yitong , Hou Dongxu
Published: March 2024

In this study, a WC-Fe-based coating is prepared on a 45 steel substrate utilising laser cladding technology. To optimise the composition of the Fe-based alloy powder, a thorough analysis of the cracks observed during the formation of the cladding layer is conducted. Elemental control
of the WC-Fe-based alloy powder is employed to mitigate issues such as porosity and slagging, consequently reducing the susceptibility to cracking. The optimised WC-Fe-based alloy coating exhibits enhanced wear and abrasion resistance when compared to the widely used Ni45 coating. Microstructural
investigations reveal that both coatings feature dendrites, cellular crystals and equiaxial crystals; however, the WC-Fe coating displays a finer and denser microstructure, highlighting its superior characteristics. Hardness and abrasion resistance tests demonstrate the exceptional performance
of the WC-Fe-based coatings, having approximately three times the hardness of the substrate and a wear rate approximately seven times lower than that of the substrate. The friction coefficient remains consistently stable for the WC-Fe-based coatings at approximately 0.4, indicative of remarkable
friction reduction and abrasion resistance.
Accuracy improvement of inner defects of cylindrical components using ultrasonic detection with modified ALOK method
Authors: Gong Hai , Liu Jia , Zhang Tao , Cao Xuan , Zhang Long
Published: March 2024

The accuracy of defect localisation and its size quantification is poor in the detection of internal defects of cylindrical components using the ultrasonic Amplituden und Laufzeit Orts-Kurven (ALOK) method. The influence of acoustic beam spread is not taken into consideration in the
ultrasonic ALOK method, resulting in difficulties with the precise characterisation of the defect state. To address this, the relationship between the acoustic distance, amplitude, ultrasonic frequency, size and depth of hole defects was studied. The acoustic distance curve and the amplitude
curve were fitted and then the localisation model of the defect was obtained. The acoustic beam spreading angle and echo sound pressure were introduced and then the size quantification model for defects was acquired based on principal component analysis (PCA). Both the simulated and experimental
results show that the modified ALOK algorithm improved the detection accuracy of the defect location and its size and the relative error of defect sizing decreased by more than 35% compared with the original algorithm.