bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regnbågsmodellen och dess utveckling och användning från 1970 – 2023
Authors: Haglund Bo J A
Published: March 2024

Denna krönika är en berättelse om den s.k. Regnbågsmodellens framväxt och utveckling från  1970 - talet till idag.  Denna  pedagogiska modell som använts för att förenkla förståelse av vad som påverkar hälsa och ohälsa formulerades i sanden i en trädgård i Köpenhamn på 1970 – talet. Den spreds internationellt under namnet Dahlgren&Whitehead modellen från 1990 talets början. Modellen fick en utmärkelse år 2015 som en av de viktigaste innovationerna under de senaste 50 åren av ett Samhällsvetenskapligt råd i England ( the Economic and Social Research Council Shaping Society (ESRC)). Den användes också som utgångspunkt för att skapa förståelse för betydelsen av WHO´s existentiella faktorer med dess facetter för hälsa och ohälsa. Under 2000 – talen har den vidareutvecklats som ett viktigt verktyg i svenskt hälsofrämjande arbete främst av Östgötakommissions arbete för att påverka den ojämlika hälsan i Östergötland. Krönikan bygger på en ny artikel som publicerades till följd av 50 års jubileet för Skandinavian Journal of Public Health år 2022. I den föreslås en reviderad version som tar hänsyn även till den nya kunskap om orsaker till hälsa och ohälsa som tillkommit de senaste 50 åren.
Nationell utvärdering av vården i mötet med ätstörningar
Authors: Levallius Johanna
Published: March 2024

Ätstörningar uppskattas drabba cirka 200 000 personer i Sverige någon gång i livet. En undersökning har genomförts av hur patienter med ätstörning och närstående (N = 400) upplevt den svenska vården under det senaste året. Bemötandet upplevdes ofta som negativt eller inadekvat, med låg anpassning till individen och ett överdrivet fokus på kroppsvikt och mat, parat med bristande fokus på den drabbades psykologi. Väntetiderna överskred ofta vårdgarantin. Patienter och närstående ansåg att kunskapsnivån om ätstörningar utanför specialistvården behöver höjas. Väntetiderna behöver kortas och vården ske med en vårdplan i en sammanhållen vårdkedja. Fler behandlingsalternativ bör erbjudas, liksom en mer individanpassad vård. Närstående bör inkluderas i vården av drabbade under 18 år, som ett minimum erbjudas stöd och psykoedukation. Det mest hjälpsamma var att känna sig lyssnad på av sin behandlare.
Känsloreglering i turbulenta tider
Authors: Nygård Arvid , Wink Harry
Published: March 2024

Denna studie undersöker en samtida kris, COVID-19-pandemin, och hur chefer inom svensk intensivvård reglerade känslor hos sina medarbetare under denna tid. Studien genomfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med 13 chefer inom svensk intensivvård under COVID-19-pandemin och applicerade ett teoretisk ramverk som integrerade känsloregleringsmodeller och JobbKrav-Resursmodellen. Studien fann att cheferna använde fyra strategier för att reglera medarbetares känslor: kognitiv förändring, uppmärksamhetsstyrning, situationsmodifiering och responsmodulering. Dessutom konstaterades att en obalans mellan jobbkrav och jobbresurser påverkade den interpersonella känsloregleringsprocessen negativt genom utmattning, samt reflekterande processer genom tidsbegränsningar.
Sociala sammanhang och individers handlande – hur hälsan formas i ett ömsesidigt samspel
Authors: Lundberg Olle , Östergren Olof
Published: March 2024

I den här artikeln beskriver vi hur levnadsvanor formas i ett ömsesidigt samspel mellan individer samt lagar och regler, kommersiella krafter, sociala sammanhang och fysiologiska processer. Människans ekonomiska, fysiska och sociala villkor sätter gränser för hennes handlingsutrymme, men inom ramen för dessa fattar människor beslut och agerar, både överlagt och rutinmässigt. Vad en person faktiskt gör får konsekvenser för den egna fysiologin, för andra medlemmar i det sociala sammanhanget samt, i förlängningen, även för kommersiella aktörer och för lagstiftningen.

Det här samspelet innebär att det finns en potential till förändring på flera olika plan. Varje enskild människa eller aktör kan inte styra alla förutsättningar, men alla handlingar och åtgärder spelar en viss roll, och mångas gemensamma ansträngningar kan få stor betydelse, särskilt i det fall krafterna drar åt samma håll.
Idrottsföreningen som hälsofrämjande arena: Från fysisk aktivitet till hållbart idrottande – en fråga om hur!
Authors: Geidne Susanna , Ericson Helena , Quennerstedt Mikael
Published: March 2024

I årtionden har begreppen folkhälsa, hälsa och hälsofrämjande använts i relation till idrott på många sätt i såväl praktik, forskning som i policy. Att idrotten har någon slags betydelse för och koppling till folkhälsan torde vara helt klarlagt. Men hur kan vi förstå relationen eller kanske snarare relationerna mellan idrott och folkhälsa? Ett forskningsområde som tar tag i relationen idrott och folkhälsa och som också breddar vad relationen kan bestå av är forskningsfältet idrotten som hälsofrämjande arena (Health promoting sports clubs). I artikeln kommer vi därför att med utgångspunkt i forskning om idrotten som hälsofrämjande arena teoretisera relationen idrott - folkhälsa. Vi kommer därigenom diskutera och illustrera hur vi på fler än ett sätt kan öka förståelsen för idrotten som hälsofrämjande för så många som möjligt så länge som möjligt.
Hur fungerade kursen Effektiv Planering av Insatser/EPI
Authors: Scarpa Simone , Grahn Robert , Nyström Siv , Sandlund Mikael , Lundgren Lena
Published: March 2024

Denna kvantitativa studie utvärderar kunskapsförändringar hos deltagare i EPI universitetskursen. Majoriteten av deltagarna var socialsekreterare inom missbruksområdet. Kursen resulterade i betydande förbättringar av deltagarnas kunskap, särskilt vad gäller insats- och vårdkontinuitetsmodeller samt användning av motivationshöjande intervjutekniker. Kunskapen om äldre personer med beroendeproblem och fördelarna med ASI-uppföljningar för socialarbetare och klienter förbättrades också.
Riskindikation - ett nytt stöd i planeringen av insatser för individer med riskfylld eller svår substansanvändning
Authors: Lundgren Lena M , Larsson Stefan , Nyström Siv
Published: March 2024

Socialtjänsten har som ansvar att ge vård och stöd till personer med alkohol-och narkotikarelaterade problem. Trots att riskbedömning av klientens tillstånd är ett kvalificerat arbete som kräver svåra överväganden har utbildning om riskbedömning samt professionellt stöd för socialtjänstens handläggare många gånger saknats. I den här artikeln presenterar vi forskningsresultat från testning och utvärdering av en webbaserad stödfunktion för riskbedömning som kallas riskindikation (RI). RI är baserad på data från mer än 55,000 av socialtjänstens klienter med riskfylld eller svår substansanvändning och ger handläggare inom socialtjänsten kunskap om hur hög risknivå klienten har inom områdena alkohol, narkotika, familj, psykisk hälsa, fysisk hälsa och kriminalitet jämfört med alla andra klienter av de 55,000 klienter som finns i databasen.
Mellan idéburen välfärd och evidens: En breddad syn på kunskap
Authors: Sager Morten
Published: March 2024

Tidigare forskning ger stöd för att den särart, mångfald och valfrihet som präglar idéburna initiativ står i viss motsats till en vetenskaplig och professio-nell logik såsom den kommer till uttryck inom evidensbaserad praktik (EBP) och kunskapsstyrning. På lång sikt hotar detta potentiellt tilliten till offentlig finansiering av idéburen välfärd. I denna artikel kombineras denna forskning med nya kunskapsteoretiska analyser av hur vetenskap operationaliseras i några av EBPs centrala tekniker, såsom randomiserade kontrollerade stu-dier och riktlinjer. I sådana analyser blir det tydligt att motsättningen mel-lan den idéburna sektorns särart och en vetenskaplig logik bygger på vissa ”universalistiska” grundantaganden som inte är nödvändiga. Genom att in-troducera alternativa synsätt på orsakssamband, vetenskaplig trovärdighet och objektivitet föreslår artikeln en breddad syn på vetenskaplighet och en version av EBP som stämmer bättre med den idéburna sektorns ”partiku-lära” särart. Idéburen välfärd representerar enligt denna analys en syn på kunskap och kvalitet som i sig har potential att förbättra välfärdsverksamhe-ter oavsett driftsform, post-EBP.
Arkivat e Penitencierisë së Shenjtë Apostolike dhe një rast aborti në Pultin e poshtëm
Authors: Lala Etleva
Published: March 2024

Rezultatet e kërkimeve arkivore shumëvjeçare në Arkivat Apostolike të qytetit të Vatikanit, veçanërisht në Arkivin e Penitencierisë së Shenjtë Apostolike (Sacra Poenitentiaria Apostolica), i cili nuk është aq i hapur për publikun e gjerë aq sa pjesët e tjera të Arkivit të Vatikanit, kanë sjellë rezultate të jashtëzakonshme. për njohjen, funksionimin, shtrirjen dhe përgjegjësitë që ky institucion shumë i rëndësishëm ka pasur ndër shekuj. Historia kishtare, politike, institucionale, ushtarake, laike, shpirtërore, sociale, familjare, ekonomike, sa për të përmendur disa, mund të jenë disa nga studimet përmes këtyre dokumenteve. Këtu përpiqem të hedh dritë mbi mënyrën se si e drejta kanonike dhe ligjet tradicionale shqiptare ndërveprojnë në disa raste në trevat mesjetare shqiptare. Rastet nga trevat mesjetare shqiptare të paraqitura zyrtarisht në Penitencierinë e Shenjtë Apostolike krijojnë një mundësi për të vlerësuar gjendjen e përgjithshme shoqërore të stilit të jetesës shqiptare në shekullin e XV. Botimi për herë të parë i disa dokumenteve për shqiptarët e mesjetës, shoqëruar me transkriptimin e origjinalit në latinisht dhe përkthimin në shqip, bëhet për t'u mundësuar studiuesve dhe palëve të tjera të interesuara të ndjekin nga afër jo vetëm problemet e përgjithshme që ekzistojnë ende sot, përkatësisht. marrëdhëniet midis gjinive, fetare dhe laike, midis normave dhe praktikave të kodeve ligjore etj., por edhe një marrëdhënie shumë e veçantë, pra aborti.
Vëzhgime të përgjithshme mbi procesin emancipues të grave Shqiptare në shekullin XX
Authors: Limani Mrika , Arifi Fatmir
Published: March 2024

Lëvizjet emancipuese të grave kanë lënë gjurmë të ndjeshme në historinë e zhvillimit të vetëdijes qytetare, por edhe në mënyrë specifike

qoftë në pikëpamja teorike në shumë fusha disiplinore, siç është filozofia, sociologjia, letërsia, psikologjia e historia, deri të ato praktike me

veprimtaritë konkrete aktive. Duke qenë se lëvizjet feministe përfshijnë një shumëllojshmëri disiplinash, ato kërkojnë që të të zbulohen hipotezat e fshehta, të cilat shumë studiues i perceptojnë si studime të përgjithshme por që në fakt na dalin se janë vetëm studime me karakter të perspektivës së burrave. Nga perspektiva e filozofisë politike, ideologjitë e majta anojnë nga idetë që rolet tradicionale gjinore, ashtu siç imponohen përmes një tradite të gjatë të ligjërimit dhe imponimit patriarkal, shërbejnë si vegla për të mirëmbajtur role të tilla në shërbim të një sistemi të caktuar ekonomik që mbijeton përmes eksploatimit të fuqisë punëtore. Në këtë kuptim, patriarkati ligjërohet se është sistem mbështetës për feudalizmin, imperializmin dhe kapitalizmin, përderisa i sheh gratë si fuqi punëtore që kryejnë punë riprodhuese, kryejnë punë edhe në sferën publike, por e mirëmbajnë edhe ritmin e punës në sferën private.
Libër me vlerë për ndriçimin e historisë së shtypit Shqiptar
Authors: Doko Jeton
Published: March 2024

Autori i kësaj monografie është bashkëpunëtor shkencor për shek. XX, në Institutin e Historisë “Ali Hadri” - Prishtinë. Kjo është tema e tij e

doktoratës e mbrojtur në Institutin e Historisë Nacionale pranë Universitetit “Shën Qirili dhe Metodi”, më 3 shkurt 2021, me komision të

përbërë nga: prof. dr. Katerina Mirçevska (mentor), prof. dr. Silvana Sidorovska - Çupovska, prof. dr. Dragica Popovska, prof. dr. Todor

Çepreganov dhe prof. dr. Neven Radiçeski.
Ndikimi i revolucionit xhonturk në nacionalizmin Shqiptar
Authors: Smakaj Gentrit
Published: March 2024

Studimi ynë do të shqyrtojë dhe vlerësojë ndikimin e Revolucionit Xhonturk të vitit 1908 në nacionalizmin shqiptar. Për të analizuar në mënyrë gjithëpërfshirëse Lëvizjen Nacionaliste Shqiptare gjatë periudhës së dytë kushtetuese dhe ndikimin e Revolucionit Xhonturk, është i nevojshëm një shqyrtim i zhvillimit të nacionalizmit shqiptar. Kjo shërben si bazë për të kuptuar zhvillimet e mëvonshme në këtë periudhë. Artikulli hulumton fillimisht ecurinë e nacionalizmit shqiptar nga Lidhja e Prizrenit në Revolucionin Xhonturk të vitit 1908. Ai thellohet në objektivat e Lëvizjes Nacionaliste Shqiptare dhe në zonat e konvergjencës me lëvizjen xhonturke, si dhe në bashkëpunimin ndërmjet organizatave shqiptare dhe komiteteve xhonturke. Punimi orientohet kryesisht në zhvillimin e nacionalizmit shqiptar pas vitit 1908, duke diskutuar faktorët kryesorë që kontribuan në rritjen e tij gjatë kësaj periudhe. Veçanërisht, autori trajton rëndësinë e klubeve, komiteteve, botimeve në gjuhën shqipe dhe shkollave kombëtare shqiptare. Artikulli vë theks të veçantë në kërkesat për autonomi të bëra nga nacionalistët shqiptarë midis viteve 1908 dhe 1912. Artikulli është shqyrtuar në dritën e burimeve osmane, turke dhe shqiptare.
Vendosja e administratës shqiptare në Kosovën e liruar
Authors: Idrizi Jeton
Published: March 2024

Në përgjithësi, Ballkani kishte një pozitë shumë të volitshme gjeostrategjike për çdo pushtues. Kjo ishte edhe arsyeja se pse u sulmua Shqipëria në prill 1939, pastaj Greqia në tetor 1940 si dhe Jugosllavia në prill të vitit 1941. Në terma strategjikë, ekonomikë por edhe ushtarakë, Kosova ka qenë çdoherë një vend tërheqës për pushtuesit. Interesimi për territorin dhe pushtimin e Kosovës nga shtetet fashiste ishte shfaqur qysh në periudhën midis dy luftërave botërore. Këto shtete në rend të parë kishin si qëllim shfrytëzimin e

pasurive natyrore të Kosovës. Ky fakt argumentohet shumë qartë me depërtimin e kapitalit gjerman në Kosovë për hulumtimin e pasurive dhe xeheve si dhe më vonë shfrytëzimin e tyre. Shteti gjerman kryesisht interesohej për shfrytëzimin e plumbit e të zinkut në Trepçë. Gjermania si një shtet që ishte në përgatitje e sipër për një luftë të gjerë botërore, kishte nevojë për lëndë të parë për armatimin e ushtrisë. Ajo deri në momentin e fillimit të luftës këtë lëndë e siguronte nga Britania e Madhe, mirëpo me tensionimin e gjendjes me Anglinë ajo i drejtoi planet nga Ballkani ku si synim të parë kishte Kosovën. Mirëpo, kapitali i Trepçës gjatë kësaj kohë ishte në duart e Britanisë

së Madhe. Kjo ishte edhe arsyeja që Gjermania priste rastin e volitshëm për pushtimin e Trepçës.
Zhvillimet politike në Pejë nga plenumi i Brioneve deri te kërkesa për Republikën e Kosovës
Authors: Basha Kosovar
Published: March 2024

Ky studim hedh dritë mbi zhvillimet politike në qytetin e Pejës në vitet 1966-1968. Duke shfrytëzuar dokumente arkivore të Arkivit të Kosovës, Arkivit të Pejës, literaturës relevante, autori trajton me kujdes aspektet politike të periudhës së sipërpërmendur. Plenumi i Brioneve dhe impakti i tij në jetën politike të Pejës, diskutimet e shumta të intelektualëve dhe deputetëve të kohës mbi dënimin e krimeve të Sigurimit të Shtetit, diskutimi për Republikën e Kosovës në gusht të 1968 nga intelektualë dhe politikanë të Kosovës, janë segmente të cilat autori me kujdes i fakton dhe analizon në kontekstin e dhënë historik. Me plotë të drejtë theksohet dhe roli i qytetit të Pejës në sfondin politik të kohës, duke e vendosur këtë qytet, si njërën ndër vatrat me rëndësi të madhe politike për kohën në Kosovë.
Rugova: Kryengritja dhe masakra 1918-1919
Authors: Muhadri Bedri
Published: March 2024

Libri “Rugova: kryengritja dhe masakrat më 1918-1919” është përmbledhje e kumtesave të studiuesve nga trevat mbarëshqiptare, që përfshin një periudhë interesante për historinë e krahinës së Rugovës, 1912-1920. Shikuar nga aspekti përmbajtjesor, në materialet, 100-vjetori i kryengritjes dhe i masakrës së Malit të Zi dhe të Serbisë në Shtupeq dhe në katunde të tjera të Rugovës, më 1919, janë trajtuar elemente të historisë politike, etnike, kulturore-arsimore, ekonomike, sociale, fetare etj. Studiuesit, me referatet e tyre, duke u bazuar në dokumente autentike të kohës, pasqyruan në mënyrë të hollësishme masakrat e kryera nga ushtria e Serbisë dhe ajo e Malit të Zi, kundër popullsisë civile e të pafajshme shqiptare në katundet e Rugovës. Në kuadër të kumtesave janë paraqitur të dhëna të detajuara për masakrat e kryera nga Serbia dhe Mali i Zi në Shtupeq dhe në katunde të tjera të Rugovës. Në këtë përmbledhje studimesh kanë kontribuar studiues të njohur, shumica nga qendrat tona universitare: Arben Arifi, Binak Ulaj, Elinda Dibra (Ramadani), Fatmira Musaj, Fitim Rifati, Hakif Bajrami, Haki Kasumi, Isamedin Azizi, Limon Rushiti, Luan Tetaj, Lush Culaj, Mark Palnikaj, Nail Draga, Nikollë Loka, Dom Nikë Ukgjini, Qerim Lita, Rudina Mita, Shyqyri Hysi dhe Zymer Ujkan Neziri.
Asmenų, turinčių psichosocialinę negalią, ir pagalbos jiems patirtys kelyje savarankiško gyvenimo ir įtraukties į bendruomenę link
Authors: Kuodienė Viktorija , Malinauskas Gedas
Published: March 2024

Savarankiškas gyvenimas ir įtrauktis į bendruomenę yra vienas iš žmogaus teisių klausimų, su kuriuo susiduria socialinio darbo specialistai. Nors Lietuvoje Jungtinių Tautų neįgaliųjų teisių konvencija ratifikuota 2010 m., globos namuose gyvenančių asmenų skaičius nuolat auga. Šio straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti ir rekonstruoti, kaip X savarankiško gyvenimo namų instituciniai bruožai veikia asmenų, turinčių psichosocialinę negalią, savarankiško gyvenimo projekcijas ir įtraukties į bendruomenę perspektyvas.
Dorsolateral prefrontal activity supports a cognitive space organization of cognitive control
Authors: Yang Guochun , Wu Haiyan , Li Qi , Liu Xun , Fu Zhongzheng , Jiang Jiefeng
Published: March 2024

Cognitive control resolves conflicts between task-relevant and -irrelevant information to enable goal-directed behavior. As conflicts can arise from different sources (e.g., sensory input, internal representations), how a limited set of cognitive control processes can effectively address diverse conflicts remains a major challenge. Based on the cognitive space theory, different conflicts can be parameterized and represented as distinct points in a (low-dimensional) cognitive space, which can then be resolved by a limited set of cognitive control processes working along the dimensions. It leads to a hypothesis that conflicts similar in their sources are also represented similarly in the cognitive space. We designed a task with five types of conflicts that could be conceptually parameterized. Both human performance and fMRI activity patterns in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex support that different types of conflicts are organized based on their similarity, thus suggesting cognitive space as a principle for representing conflicts.
Neuronal NPR-15 modulates molecular and behavioral immune responses via the amphid sensory neuron-intestinal axis in C. elegans
Authors: Otarigho Benson , Butts Anna Frances , Aballay Alejandro
Published: March 2024

The survival of hosts during infections relies on their ability to mount effective molecular and behavioral immune responses. Despite extensive research on these defense strategies in various species, including the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, the neural mechanisms underlying their interaction remain poorly understood. Previous studies have highlighted the role of neural G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in regulating both immunity and pathogen avoidance, which is particularly dependent on aerotaxis. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a screen of mutants in neuropeptide receptor family genes. We found that loss-of-function mutations in npr-15 activated immunity while suppressing pathogen avoidance behavior. Through further analysis, NPR-15 was found to regulate immunity by modulating the activity of key transcription factors, namely GATA/ELT-2 and TFEB/HLH-30. Surprisingly, the lack of pathogen avoidance of npr-15 mutant animals was not influenced by oxygen levels. Moreover, our studies revealed that the amphid sensory neuron ASJ is involved in mediating the immune and behavioral responses orchestrated by NPR-15. Additionally, NPR-15 was found to regulate avoidance behavior via the TRPM (transient receptor potential melastatin) gene, GON-2, which may sense the intestinal distension caused by bacterial colonization to elicit pathogen avoidance. Our study contributes to a broader understanding of host defense strategies and mechanisms underlining the interaction between molecular and behavioral immune responses.
Hyperactivity of mTORC1- and mTORC2-dependent signaling mediates epilepsy downstream of somatic PTEN loss
Authors: Cullen Erin R , Safari Mona , Mittelstadt Isabelle , Weston Matthew C
Published: March 2024

Gene variants that hyperactivate PI3K-mTOR signaling in the brain lead to epilepsy and cortical malformations in humans. Some gene variants associated with these pathologies only hyperactivate mTORC1, but others, such as PTEN, PIK3CA, and AKT, hyperactivate both mTORC1- and mTORC2-dependent signaling. Previous work established a key role for mTORC1 hyperactivity in mTORopathies, however, whether mTORC2 hyperactivity contributes is not clear. To test this, we inactivated mTORC1 and/or mTORC2 downstream of early Pten deletion in a new mouse model of somatic Pten loss-of-function (LOF) in the cortex and hippocampus. Spontaneous seizures and epileptiform activity persisted despite mTORC1 or mTORC2 inactivation alone, but inactivating both mTORC1 and mTORC2 simultaneously normalized brain activity. These results suggest that hyperactivity of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 can cause epilepsy, and that targeted therapies should aim to reduce activity of both complexes.
A study of emerging entrepreneurs: do parent quality shaping entrepreneur intention?
Authors: Prabandari Sri Palupi , Yulianti Ida , Satria Dias , Kurniasari Irma
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of the quality of parental education on entrepreneurial intentions among young entrepreneurs. Through a comprehensive approach, this research analyzes the extent to which the quality of parental upbringing shapes young entrepreneurs' intentions to start a business venture. Entrepreneurship is a widely accepted social, economic and cultural phenomenon. Entrepreneurs are individuals who create businesses with risk and uncertainty in order to gain future profits. Entrepreneurship is influenced by family socialization factors, where parents act as the first agents in instilling entrepreneurial values. The family socialization process influences an individual's understanding of entrepreneurial literacy and determines his or her interest in this field. This research uses an extension of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which assumes that parents' intention to support their children's entrepreneurship is influenced by attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC). This research involves a sample of young entrepreneurs who are in the early stages of business development. A survey method is used to collect data from respondents, and statistical analysis will be carried out to link the quality of parental education with entrepreneurial intentions. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide better insight into how parental parenting factors can shape entrepreneurial intentions among young entrepreneurs. With a deeper understanding of these relationships, it will be possible to develop more effective policy recommendations and educational programs to support the development and growth of young entrepreneurs in the future.
Caso Chico Rei: estratégias para o crescimento
Authors: Almeida Thiago Gomes de , Dusi Cristina Sayuri Côrtes Ouchi , Melo Raquel Rodrigues da Silva , Pereira Mariana Blanc
Published: March 2024

O caso Chico Rei tem como objetivo permitir que os estudantes vivenciem os desafios estratégicos de pensar o crescimento de uma organização empreendedora de médio porte, que precisa avaliar as oportunidades a partir de mudanças no ambiente e de suas capacidades e recursos internos. O caso proporciona aos estudantes a possibilidade de se colocar no papel do fundador e CEO da Chico Rei, avaliando possíveis estratégias de diversificação e seus respectivos riscos e oportunidades.
Energy and Nutrient Uptake of School–going Adolescents in Upland and Riverine Region, Nigeria: Relationship with Body Dimensions
Authors: Jike-Wai, O.  , Wabali, V.C.
Published: March 2024

Undernutrition among school-going adolescents is a prevalent public health concern. Inadequate energy and nutrient intakes has been reported among this age group, who are usually not targets of many intervention programs. The study assessed anthropometric parameters; energy and nutrient intakes of school-going adolescents aged 10 -19years, and compared the relationship between both variables within the three phases of adolescence. The study involved multistage random sampling of 418 school-going adolescents for anthropometry. A subsample of 40 respondents was used for a 3-day weighed food intake. Frequency, means, standard deviation, analysis of variance, and correlation were used to analyze the data obtained. Significance was accepted at p< 0.05. The study was made up of 226 male and 192 female adolescents within ages 10 – 19 years. Carbohydrate, calcium and zinc intakes contributed less than 100% of RNI for age and sex of subjects. Most of the subjects had normal BMI, however, the prevalence of thinness and underweight was 23.4% and 26.6% among the study subjects, respectively. Low fat store as defined by triceps skinfold (TSF) was 58.9% among the respondents, subscapula skinfold (SSF) indicated high fat stores in 41.1% of the respondents. Moderate and high health risks were detected among 23.9% and 19.2% of the respondents, respectively. Correlations were observed between energy intake with MUAC (r=0.417, p <0.01), protein intake with TSF (r = 0.358, p <0.05), fat intake with SSF (r = 0.324, p < 0.05), iron intake with TSF(r = 0.356, p <0.05), and iron intake with SSF (r = 0.322, p < 0.05) of the respondents. Inadequate nutrient intakes, thinness, underweight and health risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases were present among the respondents.
Impact of Habitual Activities on Age of Menarche among Bengali Adolescent School Girls
Authors: Banerjee Payel , Pramanik Purushottam
Published: March 2024

Background:  Menarche, the first menstrual bleeding is the signal of initiation of reproductive age of girls. There is a secular decline in the average age at menarche. Age at menarche has significant impact on health in adulthood.

Objectives: The present study was an attempt to assess the mean age at menarche and to determine impact of habitual activities on age at onset of menarche.

Methods:  A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among school girls having age limit 10-14 years who experienced menarche not more than previous three months. Subjects were divided into two group- experimental and control. Experimental group consisted of subjects those attained menarche below 11.5 years. Subjects of control group attained menarche above 11.5 years.  Quantitative data were presented as percentage and/or mean + standard deviation. t-test was done to determine significant of difference between physical characteristics of females early age at menarche and reference age at menarche. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were done for analysis of our results.

Results: 23% of study population acquired menarche at age below 11.5 years. Anthropometric parameters differed significantly between experimental and reference group. Significant association was observed between age at menarche with habitual activities. Logistic regression analysis suggested that habitual activities might be considered as determinants of early menarche.

Conclusion: Risk of early menarche increases with increasing duration of screen time and decreasing duration of daily physical activities like walking, outdoor playing and bicycle riding. Adolescent girls should encourage for physical activities and minimize including screen time.
Impact of Weather Parameters on Population Dynamics of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) on Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)
Authors: Bhat Mohammad Saleem , Hakeem Shafeeq Ahmad , Malik Sameer Ahmad , Shah Ishfaq Majeed , Wani Suhail Qayoom , Jan Shoaib Momin , Wani Aadil Akbar
Published: March 2024

Studies on “population dynamics of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) on Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)’’ in relation to weather parameters revealed cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) as a major pest on Kale. The incidence of cabbage aphid commenced from 16th standard meteorological week (SMW) with a population of 2.02 (aphids/plant). The population of cabbage aphid started increasing and reached its peak in 25th SMW with a population of 137.16 (aphids/plant) after that the population started declining gradually in 26th SMW with a population of 83.14 (aphids/plant). However, the mean population of nymphs during 16th SMW was (2.02 ± 0.46) which gradually started increasing and was highest in 25th SMW (32.68 ± 0.74). The mean population of adults during 17th SMW was (8.24 ± 0.38) and was highest during 25th SMW (62.12 ± 0.50) and the mean population of winged aphids during 18th SMW was (7.10 ± 0.42) which gradually started increasing and attained its peak during 25th SMW (42.36 ± 0.41) respectively. Correlation between maximum and minimum temperature showed positive correlation with cabbage aphid population. Relative humidity of morning showed non-significant negative correlation while relative humidity of evening exhibited positive non-significant correlation. Rainfall were found non-significant positive correlation.
HIV Risk Perception and Assessment among Youths in Rivers State, Nigeria: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Adeniji Foluke Olukemi , Ogubuike Chigozirim
Published: March 2024

Introduction: HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health issue with increasing cases among young people. Several risky sexual behaviours put these youths at higher risk of HIV infection affecting their health and general well-being. Perception of health risk is a key dimension of most health behaviour models. This study assessed the risk factors of HIV infection, HIV risk perception and assessment among youths in Rivers State, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a comparative descriptive cross-sectional study investigating HIV risk perception among youths in a rural and an urban local government in Rivers State. A multistage sampling technique was used in the selection of the youths from two LGAs.  A structured, pre-tested, questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondent. Data was subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics set at P < 0.05 using SPSS version 21 and EPI INFO version 7.0.

Results: Respondents mean age was 19.04 + 3.34 and 18.50+ 2.86 years rural and urban community respectively. There were more female respondents 52.2% in the rural area and more male respondent 59.2% in the urban area. More youths in the rural than the urban (56.2% vs. 39.5%; p=0.018) were sexually active. The proportion that did not use condoms consistently in the last 12 months preceding the survey was more in the rural than the in urban area (72.6% vs. 46.6%; p<0.001). A larger proportion of youths in the urban areas than the rural areas (79.7% vs.61.5%) perceived themselves to have little or no risk. However, more of rural youths than urban youths (51.4% vs.36.6%) were assessed to be high risk. The sensitivity of perceived risk in the rural was higher than in the urban (37.4% vs.30.6%) while the specificity of perceived risk in the rural was lower than in the urban (63.3% vs.88.0%) population.

Conclusion: We found differences in the sexual risk factors to HIV among youths. Youths in rural area are more likely than their urban counterpart to underestimate their personal risk of contracting HIV. Training intervention to improve HIV/AIDS knowledge, risk perception and reduction in risky sexual behavior among the youths is crucial.
Performance of Indian Mustard under the Fertility Levels and Cow Urine Application as Basal and Foliar Spray in Eastern Region of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pradhan Swati Swayamprabha , Verma Sudhanshu , Singh Abhishek , Bohra J.S.
Published: March 2024

The experiment was laid out in split plot design assigning 18 treatment combinations of two fertility levels (75% and 100% RDF), three cow urine level (400,800,1200 l ha-1) as main plot and three spray level of cow urine (control, 25%, 50%) as sub plot with three replications. It was conducted at Varanasi during rabi season 2014 to evaluate effect of fertility levels and cow urine application as basal and foliar spray on growth and yield of Indian mustard. Results showed that increasing level of fertility up to 100% RDF significantly improved growth parameters, yield attributes, grain and straw yield. Among the cow urine levels, treatment 1200 l ha-1 cow urine and 50% spray level of cow urine application proved superiority over other treatments, recorded significantly the highest, growth parameter, yield attributes, yield, gross returns, and net returns and B: C ratio.
Assessment of Different Organics’ Efficacy on Seed-Borne Pathogen Colletotrichum spp. of Chilli
Authors: Anagha G.  , Ekabote Suresha D. , Ramesh A. N. , Kumar P. Hemanth , Ravichandra  , Mouna H. N.
Published: March 2024

Background: Chilli is one of the important spice cum vegetable crop cultivated worldwide. It is an important source of vitamins, minerals, oleoresin etc. There are different biotic and abiotic factors responsible for the reduction in the yield of chilli in India.  One of the most serious fungal diseases of chilli which causing the major pre and post harvest loss is anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species. Primary infection of the disease is due to the seed borne nature of pathogen. So for the better management of the disease, control measures should be taken by understanding the seed borne nature of pathogen.

Methods: The present investigation was taken up to studying the seed borne nature of disease so that suitable management practices can be recommended to reduce the yield loss. Seeds of the eight infected chilli genotypes were collected and presence of pathogen was detected using agar plate method and standard blotter method. Efficacy of five different organics were tested by using germination test by calculating germination percentage and seedling vigour index of infected seeds of susceptible chilli variety (Byadgi Dabbi)

Results: Among the eight different genotypes tested through agar plate and standard blotter method six genotypes (Bhadra, Shilpa, Ujwala, Arka Tanvi, Green Thunder and Sitara) recorded 100 % however, Arka Tejasvi and WS-2270 showed 0 % seed infection. Among the five organics tested maximum germination percentage and seedling vigour index was recorded when the infected seeds were treated with vermiwash and cow urine.
PRECIPITAÇÃO EM CENÁRIOS CLIMÁTICOS FUTUROS PARA USOS DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS EM PEQUENAS BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS DA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Blanco Claudio , Soares Amanda de Cássia Lobato , Lobato Ana Karla Rodrigues , Cruz Josias da Silva
Published: March 2024

Buscou-se analisar o impacto das mudanças climáticas nas precipitações de cinco pequenas bacias hidrográficas da Amazônia. Foram utilizados os cenários RCP 4.5 e RCP 8.5. As precipitações futuras foram obtidas via plataforma PROJETA e do Modelo ETA-MIROC5. Na bacia do Igarapé da Prata, observa-se que, ao longo do século, o modelo subestima, as médias diárias mensais mínimas simuladas no cenário realista, em comparação com o observado. No Rio Piranhas, as projeções indicam que as médias mínimas simuladas ocorrerão em meses de estiagem na região. No Rio Caeté, durante o período de 2024 a 2060, o modelo simula a redução das chuvas, em relação ao observado, entre os meses de março e setembro no cenário otimista, e entre fevereiro e setembro, no cenário realista. Já para o período de 2061 a 2099, as projeções apontam para a redução das chuvas entre os meses de março, e agosto e outubro no cenário otimista, e entre março e outubro no cenário realista. No Rio Capivara, no período de 2024 a 2060, o modelo simula reduções das chuvas para os meses de janeiro, março, abril e maio no cenário otimista, e entre fevereiro e maio, no cenário realista, assim como, em setembro e outubro nos dois cenários. Já para o período de 2061 a 2099, as projeções apontam para a redução das chuvas, com médias inferiores ao observado de março a agosto e outubro no cenário otimista, e entre março e outubro no cenário realista. No Rio Braço Norte, não haverá deslocamento temporal das médias máximas e mínimas das chuvas simuladas ao longo do século. Os resultados analisados são uteis para a gestão dos recursos hídricos das cinco pequenas bacias hidrográficas, pois os gestores podem planejar a mitigação de eventos extremos (secas e cheias) nas regiões afetadas devido às mudanças climáticas.
Mechanism of Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Acetophenone Catalyzed by Chiral η6‐Arene–N‐Tosylethylenediamine–Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Sandoval Christian A. , Ohkuma Takeshi , Utsumi Noriyuki , Tsutsumi Kunihiko , Murata Kunihiko , Noyori Ryoji
Published: July 2006

Chiral arene–N‐tosylethylenediamine–RuII complexes can be made to effect both asymmetric transfer hydrogenation and asymmetric hydrogenation of simple ketones through a slight functional modification and by switching reaction conditions. [Ru(OSO2CF3){(S,S)‐TsNCH(C6H5)CH(C6H5)NH2}(η6‐p‐cymene)] catalyzes the asymmetric hydrogenation of acetophenone in methanol to afford (S)‐1‐phenylethanol with 96 % ee in 100 % yield. Like the transfer hydrogenation catalyzed by similar Ru catalysts with basic 2‐propanol or a formic acid/triethylamine mixture, this hydrogenation proceeds through a metal–ligand bifunctional mechanism. The reduction of the CO function occurs via an intermediary 18e RuH species in its outer coordination sphere without metal–substrate interaction. The high catalytic efficiency relies on the facile ionization of the Ru triflate complex in methanol. The turnover rate is dependent on hydrogen pressure and medium acidity and basicity. The RuCl analogue can be used as a precatalyst, albeit less effectively. Unlike the well‐known diphosphine–1,2‐diamine–RuII‐catalyzed hydrogenation that proceeds in a basic alcohol, this reaction takes place under slightly acidic conditions, creating new opportunities for asymmetric hydrogenation.
M[B(CN)4]2: Two New Tetracyanoborate Compounds with Divalent Cations (M: Zn, Cu).
Authors: Neukirch Michael , Tragl Sonja , Meyer H.‐Juergen , Kueppers Torsten , Willner Helge
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Initiated Reactions: Pechmann Coumarin Synthesis, Biginelli Reaction, and Acylation.
Authors: Manhas Maghar S. , Ganguly Subhendu N. , Mukherjee Somdatta , Jain Amit K. , Bose Ajay K.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sonochemical Fluorination of Heterocyclic Nitro Compounds with Selectfluor (F‐TEDA‐BF4).
Authors: Sadeghi Majid M. , Loghmani‐Khouzani Hossein , Ranjbar‐Karimi Reza , Golding Bernard T.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium N‐Methylimidazolium Supported Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for the Heck Reaction.
Authors: Altava Belen , Burguete M. Isabel , Garcia‐Verdugo Eduardo , Karbass Naima , Luis Santiago V. , Puzary Amrit , Sans Victor
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reaction of Cyclopropylcarbene—Metal Complexes with Nucleophiles, Halogens and HX.
Authors: Reid Margaret D. , Tirado Liz , Zhang Jianwei , Dike Nwamara , Herndon James W.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fluorinated α,β‐Diamino Esters by Ring Opening of Activated 3‐Trifluoromethyl‐aziridine‐2‐carboxylates.
Authors: Rinaudo Giuseppe , Narizuka Satoru , Askari Neda , Crousse Benoit , Bonnet‐Delpon Daniele
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Small Peptide Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Ketones to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Xu Yongmei , Zou Weibiao , Sunden Henrik , Ibrahem Ismail , Cordova Armando
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Aerobic Hydroalkoxylation of Styrenes Containing a Phenol.
Authors: Gligorich Keith M. , Schultz Mitchell J. , Sigman Matthew S.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Practical Stereo‐ and Regioselective, Copper(I)‐Promoted Strecker Synthesis of Sugar‐Modified α,β‐Unsaturated Imines.
Authors: Zhou Guobin , Zheng Weixin , Wang Dong , Zhang Pengfei , Pan Yuanjiang
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Non‐Benzimidazole chk2 Kinase Inhibitors.
Authors: McClure Kelly J. , Huang Liming , Arienti Kirsten L. , Axe Frank U. , Brunmark Anders , Blevitt Jon , Breitenbucher J. Guy
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of 4‐O‐ and C‐Substituted‐7‐azaindoles.
Authors: Figueroa‐Perez Santiago , Bennabi Samir , Schirok Hartmut , Thutewohl Michael
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Pyrimidine Based Thiazolidinones and Azetidinones: Antimicrobial and Antitubercular Agents.
Authors: Patel R. B. , Desai P. S. , Desai K. R. , Chikhalia K. H.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Synthesis and Evaluation of Cell A549 Growth Inhibitory Activity of 4‐Aryl‐6‐aryloxymethylmorpholin‐3‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Tan Wei , Zhao Bao‐Xiang , Shi Mei , Sha Lei , Miao Jun‐Ying , Shin Dong‐Soo
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 4H‐Imidazo[2,1‐c][1,4]benzoxazin‐4‐yl Acetic Acids and Esters as Possible COX‐2 Inhibitors.
Authors: Jayaveera K. N. , Sailaja S. , Reddanna P. , Reddy D. Bharat , Reddy G. Jagath , Rao K. Srinivasa
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heterocyclization of Dithiocarbamates and Thioureas of the Imidazole Series with Dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate.
Authors: Eltsov Oleg S. , Kamalova Elena A. , Mokrushin Vladimir S.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzothiazepines. Part 30. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of 10‐Substituted‐6a,7‐dihydro‐6H‐7‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐6‐phenyl [1]benzopyrano[3,4‐c][1,5]benzothiazepines.
Authors: Pant Umesh C. , Chandra Hem , Goyal Shweta , Sharma Priyanka , Pant Seema
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Febrifugine Analogues as Potential Antimalarial Agents.
Authors: Zhu Shuren , Meng Li , Zhang Quan , Wei Lai
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Semi‐Synthetic Preparation of the Rare, Cytotoxic, Deep‐Sea Sourced Sponge Metabolites Discorhabdins P (I) and U (II).
Authors: Grkovic Tanja , Kaur Balwinder , Webb Victoria L. , Copp Brent R.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Xanthone Derivatives from Cratoxylum cochinchinense Roots
Authors: Mahabusarakam W. , Nuangnaowarat W. , Taylor W. C.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
SPF‐32629 A and B, Novel Human Chymase Inhibitors Produced by Penicillium sp.
Authors: Shimatani Takuro , Hosotani Nobuo , Ohnishi Masako , Kumagai Kazuo , Saji Ikutaro
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New 4‐Nitrobenzyl Carbonate Prodrug of Methyl 5‐Benzyl‐2‐hydroxy‐11‐methylene‐6‐oxo‐5H‐benzo [b]carbazole‐1‐carboxylate for Potential Use with Nitroreductase‐Based Gene‐Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (GDEPT).
Authors: Asche C. , Kucklaender U.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Novel HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors Incorporating Oxyindoles as the P2′‐Ligands.
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Schiltz Gary , Perali Ramu Sridhar , Leshchenko Sofiya , Kay Stephanie , Walters D. Eric , Koh Yasuhiro , Maeda Kenji , Mitsuya Hiroaki
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Co—Ge—Mo (Cobalt—Germanium—Molybdenum) System
Authors: Gupta K. P.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—C—Ta—Ti (Aluminum—Carbon—Tantalum—Titanium)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—La—Y (Aluminum—Lanthanum—Yttrium)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—Cu—Ti (Aluminum—Copper—Titanium)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: July 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.