bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In All Solidity And Reality : A Stereoscopic Exhibition Proposal
Authors: Wagner Emily J.
Published: May 2021

This essay and exhibition proposal explores the importance of stereographs at specific points in the history of photography. It includes a brief analysis of stereographs made by Louis Jules Duboscq-Soleil, Warren Thompson, Carlton E. Watkins, B.K. of Paris, Underwood & Underwood, Keystone View Company, and Nickolas Muray. It addresses the difficulties implicit in the display of stereographs; they require an interactive viewing experience and a stereoscope in order to be viewed in three dimensions by a general audience. The necessity for an interactive viewing experience can risk damage to the objects being displayed and the inclusion of stereoscopes presents technical issues related to human vision and accessibility. This thesis proposes a design for a stereoscope that circumvents some of these issues. Both the stereoscope design and the essay pertain to the possible inclusion of stereographs within the context of the proposed 2010 history of photography survey exhibition at George Eastman House.
Environmental justice in community garden policy: creating more accessible, welcoming spaces for newcomers in Canada
Authors: Bergeron Eric
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a critical review of scholarly literature discussing the relationship between community gardens and newcomers in Canada using an environmental justice framework. Specifically, this paper focuses on how the creation of a community garden policy can lead to community gardens being more socially inclusive spaces for newcomers. The numerous social and health benefits of community gardens are discussed in order to illustrate the need for continued research to focus on creating positive spaces within community gardens for newcomers. An examination of how environmental justice can affect considerations for policy creation and the implications the policy can have on newcomers’ use of a garden will also be conducted. Based on the research, recommendations on how municipalities can use community gardens as tools for integration are presented.
Assessing Canada’s support of international students: a comprehensive review of Canada’s retention and settlement of its “Model Immigrants”
Authors: Dauwer Zaheer A.
Published: May 2021

The unprecedented growth in the number of international students in Canada over the last decade has drawn the attention of policy makers at all levels of government in Canada. The federal, provincial and territorial levels of government have introduced permanent residency pathways to encourage international students to become permanent residents of Canada. International students are an attractive group as prospective immigrants because of their Canadian education and human capital. However, they experience variety of challenges transitioning to employment and permanent residency in Canada. Lack of limited co-operative education opportunities and labor market preparation hinders the process of finding employment while the absence of settlement services and the complexities of immigration policies complicate the process of seeking permanent residency in Canada. These realities hold significant policy implications for the federal and provincial levels of government because Canada continues to admit educated and skilled labor in order to address labor and demographic needs.

Key words: socioeconomic integration, human capital, internationalization, transitional barriers, recruitment and retention
Friend of the Courthouse: a digital media project that promotes access to justice through procedural literacy
Authors: Modafferi Jessica
Published: May 2021

Friend of the Courthouse is a website application where parties receive accessible and individualized information relating to their pending case’s procedure. The objective is to allow parties to understand their procedural steps. The platform promotes access to justice in utilizing digital media. It does so by encouraging an understanding of
procedural law. Although its application is best suited to the Quebec legal landscape, it can equally be applied in Ontario provided that a modernization of its court record system takes place. Considering that Friend of the Courthouse exemplifies the use of digital media as a vehicle for the advancement of access to justice, Ontario can in fact be incentivized to undergo such a modernization given the current access to justice issues it faces.
Invasive aquatic plants and the aquarium and ornamental pond industries
Authors: Azan Shakira Stephanie Elaine
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the research was to clarify the common traits of a successful aquatic invasive plant. The biological traits of aquatic plants sold by aquarium and ornamental pond stores in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario were analysed using logistic regression analyses (LRM). The multinomial LRM successfully predicts group identity 63% of the time, clearly differentiating native invasive and native non invasive from alien invasive (SI), but not ailen non invasive (ANI) from AI. In contrast, the binomial LRM effectively discriminates ANI from AI taxa 77% of the time. The variable that best discriminated between AI and ANI are type of propagation strategies, number of propagation strategies used, number of dispersal mechanisms used, minimum temperature, and sales volume of aquatic plants as a proxy for introduction. Recognizing the common traits of successful invaders allows for the identification of ANI taxa that have the potential to become invaders, prior to introduction, thus preventing future invasions.
The relationship between chronic stress, emotion regulation and depressive symptoms in healthy older adults
Authors: Huang Vivian
Published: May 2021

The current study examined the association between chronic stress (measured in allostatic load or AL), ER, and depressive symptoms in a group of community-dwelling older adults. It was hypothesized that chronic stress levels would mediate the relationship between ER and depressive symptoms. A total of 70 older adults aged 60 and older participated in the study. There were no significant associations found in the main analyses between the AL index and depressive symptoms, as well as no significant relationship was found between ER strategies and AL index, after controlling for age, sex, education, and perceived SES. However, perceived stress significantly mediated the relationship between maladaptive ER strategies and depressive symptoms, and the relationship between adaptive ER strategies and depressive symptoms. Given the small sample size and the lack of variability of the AL index, the study would benefit from a larger sample size to clarify the present results.
Shut Away
Authors: Ripley Pearson
Published: May 2021

Shut Away is a window into a less-discussed immigration story in the United States. At present there are around fifty undocumented immigrants living in houses of worship after receiving deportation orders. It is the strategy of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to avoid raiding these “sensitive locations,” allowing them to provide their occupants with insulation from the possibility of deportation. This act of taking sanctuary comes at a significant cost as the individual does not leave the property upon entering. Comprised of still photographs, video portraits and oral histories, Shut Away seeks a more nuanced account of life in sanctuary beyond the common depiction of victimhood. This paper will analyze the foundation, creation and context of the project. It begins with the historical and political background of the topic and the participants, then analyzes the methodology of the social and creative approach to the work The paper ends with a contextualization of the project within the documentary field and a reflection on the traditions of photography in which the work falls.
Integrating sustainability subsystems in the management of urban forests
Authors: Greene Christopher
Published: May 2021

The urban forest is an important natural capital asset providing essential ecological, social, and economic benefits to people living in cities. Research contained within this dissertation examines urban forest structure and management through the lens of strong sustainability and has as its central focus the question of where to prioritize planting of trees in a densely populated, and continually expanding, North American urban centre. Three independent research studies are included, each of which addresses a dimension of the urban forest that falls within one of the three subsystems of sustainability. The first study focuses on urban forest ecological service delivery with a specific focus on the relationship between forest canopy closure and summer surface temperatures across the City of Toronto, Canada. The second study examines a social dimension of the urban forest—identifying distributional inequalities in city resident access to urban tree canopy as a function of their household income. In the third study, an economic
dimension of urban sustainability is investigated by examining the legacy of street tree planting decisions and their relationship to ash tree mortality caused by the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis). In addition to adding to scholarship concerning the processes and relationships examined within each sustainability subsystem, common themes arising across each of the studies are identified and discussed. These individual research studies and intersecting themes serve as the basis for an innovative approach to prioritizing urban tree planting that seeks to
integrate a sustainability subsystems approach to the decision-making process.
Theoretical And Predicted Performance Of Self-Drying Roof Enclosures Throughout North America
Authors: Boyer Rockford
Published: May 2021

Roof enclosures traditionally have the largest litigation potential in the construction industry due to the complexities in the design and application. Development of a self-drying roof enclosure would potentially minimize the litigation and provide the additional benefits of increased resiliency, reduced financial burden for building owners, and minimal impact on the environment. Past studies have shown that the self-drying roof enclosures are viable, however, they must meet several performance characteristics. Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed six characteristics required to obtain a functional self-drying roof enclosure. New roofing materials on the market allow for the effective drying potential of enclosures when they become wet. WUFI 6.1 6.1 hygrothermal models were developed to determine if the theory of self-drying roof enclosures is valid in all ASHRAE climatic zones. Effective theoretical self-drying roof enclosure designs are highlighted for potential effectiveness spanning all climatic zones in North America.
Does modernizing mean westernizing? Western views of new China's graphic design 1998-2008
Authors: Ishino Catherine  Jo
Published: May 2021

This paper seeks to describe the Western visual hegemonic discourse surrounding the graphic design of what is now called 'the New China' in the two decades prior to the 2008 Beijing Olympics, and the current global economic crisis. I will make the case before 2008 and the Peoples Republic of China's (PRC) triumphant Olympic Games, China's design was of being seen as a 'subaltern visual object.' from the perspective of the Western design profession. The latter's stance lags far behind the prevailing counter-hegemonic narratives of the long-standing postcolonialists' theories and theorists of the 1970s - 1980s. So in taking up the postcolonialists' counter-hegemonic narratives, I contend the Western designers' narrative of China was envisaged when the 'Occidental' hemisphere, perceived itself as reigning supreme over the 'Oriental' hemisphere, at a time when Euro-American capitalism was at its apex during the 19th and 20th centuries. The latter deemed their industrial and information revolutionp as justifiable affirmations of their international imperialistic power. The Westernized hegemonic capitalism and image-driven consumer ethos became globally pervasive. However, following the visual tour de force of the 2008 Olympics and the West's dramatic economic instability in late 2008, I believe the subordinate view of the New Chinese graphic design, held by the West, merits and requires a second look.
Massive media: theories and practices of large-scale projections and public data visualizations
Authors: Colangelo David
Published: May 2021

This dissertation describes, historicizes, theorizes, and deploys “massive media,” an
emerging subset of technical assemblages that include large outdoor projections,
programmable architectural façades, and urban screens. Massive media are massive in their
size and subsequent visibility, but are also an agglomeration of media in their expressive
screen and cinema-like qualities and their associated audio, interactive, and network
capabilities. This dissertation finds that massive media enable and necessitate the
development of new practices of expanded cinema, public data visualization, and new
media art and curation that blend the logics of urban space, monumentality, and the
public sphere with the aesthetics and affordances of digital information and the moving
image to support a more participatory public culture in which we identify and engage with
collective presence, memory, and action through information, architecture, and the
moving image. Through historical research, case studies, conversations with cultural
producers, participant observation, and creation-as-research projects, large-scale public
projections are shown to represent a new monumentality that can be better understood
and evaluated using analytical tools from cinema studies, namely superimposition,
montage, and apparatus/dispositif. Low-resolution LED façades, while sharing some of the
functional and theoretical characteristics of projection, are shown to uniquely support an
emerging practice of public data visualization and represent a more consistent embodiment
of a hybrid and relational public sphere through a tighter coupling of information,
architecture, and context. Programmable architectural façades, more than projections,
embody the development of supermodernism in architecture where data-rich public spaces
of identity, congregation, and contestation seek and find appropriate and consistent outlets
in highly visible spatial assemblages of architecture and media. Finally, a curatorial
approach to massive media is crucial in order to create suitable spaces and opportunities
for the development of massive media as a legitimate art form. This requires the sustained
provision of technical support and coordination as well as an ongoing negotiation with
corporate, institutional, and civic owners and operators. While massive media exists
primarily as a highly commercialized phenomenon, it can also be pressed into service,
through coordinated curatorial and artistic efforts, to critique or co-opt commercialization,
and to re-envision the role of urban media environments in shaping collective identity,
historical consciousness, and public display culture.
Imaging a colonial presence : a photograph album of the S.M.S. Bismarck South Pacific Expedition 1878-1800
Authors: LeBlanc Jennifer Beth
Published: May 2021

This thesis examines the expeditionary photographs taken in association with the S.M.S. Bismarck and commercial photographs by the Dufty Brothers in the nineteenth century South Pacific. It is not a study of the culture and lives of South Pacific peoples, but rather of the nineteenth century European society, culture, and imperial benevolence that led to their production and collection into this album. The photography that is included in this study reflects the prevailing culture of capitalism and colonialism of the nineteenth century and demonstrates influences from anthropological science, art, studio and commercial photography. By placing these images within the context of photographic history, South Pacific history, and European colonialism of the late nineteenth century, they can be assessed against the notion that photographs occupy a temporal space that is fractured by its very nature and mode of production, but also by its representation of events, people and landscapes.
Wayfinding, robotics and hospitals
Authors: Ghattoura Kim Kamaljeet
Published: May 2021

This paper will give a better understanding on how complex healthcare facilities such as hospitals are using robotic technologies that incorporate superior Wayfinding systems to carry out tasks and obtain information which originally, were conducted by healthcare workers, nurses and or doctors. This paper will also address the ethical concerns that people have by incorporating these robotic technologies such as: third parties being able to hack into these technologies and collect confidential information from patients, healthcare workers and nurses possibly loosing their jobs to hospital robots and whether or not hospital robots are in fact, safe to be operating within a environment where
peoples lives are on the line.
The temporal nature of architecture
Authors: Stofko Michael
Published: May 2021

The desire for permanence that has been fundamental to architecture ignores the actuality of the physical world. The flow of time, linked to the process of articulation, is notably absent, resulting in an architecture that is misconstrued as static,
passive, and deterministic. This conception of architecture is rooted in a conception of the world which has since been deemed obsolete.
Form exists as a transient manifestation of process. This temporal act of creation is perpetual, which depicts form as a momentary state in an object’s continuous actualization. It has been said that process, rather than substance, is the prime
constituent of the world. Architecture can be seen as a transient formation of tangible and intangible constituents that are understood as thermodynamic energy processes. Material formation, symbiotically linked to cultural transience, depicts an architecture with no absolute state, rather, it is constantly becoming.
Dynamic Laffer Curves and Population Growth
Authors: Waqas Shumaila
Published: May 2021

This paper extends the model of Ireland (1994) by incorporating population growth in examining the dynamic effects of a tax cut on the government’s intertemporal budget constraint. A tax cut has two opposing effects. First, it increases the growth rate of the economy and, thus, increases the size of the tax base and tax revenues in the future. On the other hand, a reduction in the tax rate leads to a decrease in revenues in the short run. A dynamic Laffer curve effect arises if a decrease in tax revenue can be counter-balanced by a future increase in tax revenue to ensure that the government’s intertemporal budget constraint is not violated. Similarly, population growth has two opposing effects. A high population growth decreases the per capita growth rate of the economy. On the other hand, a larger population represents a larger tax base and, therefore, makes it easier for a government to finance a budget deficit. Relative to the simulation results in Ireland (1994), our simulations indicate that incorporating population growth into his model implies that the dynamic effect of a given tax cut worsens the government’s long-run fiscal outlook.
Smoking among bariatric patients: the role of adult attachment style, emotion regulation, and psychopathology
Authors: Santiago Vincent
Published: May 2021

Cigarette smoking after bariatric surgery is associated with complications and is advised against in clinical guidelines. However, it continues to be problematic and there is a paucity of research regarding the factors related to smoking in this population. This secondary data analysis study uses previously collected longitudinal data and moderated mediation analysis to determine if emotion regulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale) mediates the relationship between
adult attachment style (Experiences in Close Relationships scale) and the likelihood of smoking postsurgery. Psychopathology (diagnoses and symptom measures [Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7]) was considered as a moderator. A total of 423 adult patients at the Toronto Western Hospital Bariatric Surgery Program participated. Attachment insecurity predicted emotion dysregulation, which predicted likelihood of smoking. Anxiety scores moderated the mediating effect, such that protective effects were observed for low to average anxiety. Implications for targeting emotion dysregulation and anxiety to reduce smoking are discussed.

Keywords: bariatric surgery, smoking, tobacco, adult attachment style, emotion regulation, psychopathology, depression, anxiety, moderated mediation
Gender, Emotion and Transcendence In John Keats' “Ode On Melanchholy" and Felicia Dorothea Hemans' "Ode to Cheerfulness"
Authors: Mitchell Dana
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Melancholy has been tied to the Romantic literary tradition and its preoccupation with intensely emotional experiences, as well as the poetic forms that best accommodate them. Odes, elegies and laments are remarkably prominent in the Romantic canon and have come to epitomize the nineteenth century as a time “steeped in melancholy” (Bowring 38). While Romanticism is largely remembered as an age of melancholy, there were many women poets who were unable to fully access these expressions of sorrow, therefore relying on more joyful emotions that are not as closely associated with the period. Poets such as Felicia Hemans and Letitia Elizabeth Landon wrote on topics of mild sentiment and the domestic, working within structures of feminine identity that were both acceptable and commercial. Although these writers often fought against such conventions in their work, the masculine gendering of melancholy and its connection to poetic genius and transcendence ultimately reduces the ability of women writers to achieve an eternal reputation in the canon of Romantic literature.
Sustainability analysis and assessment in the supply chain
Authors: Ahi Payman
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to investigate how sustainability is integrated into supply chain management (SCM). Emphasis is particularly devoted to determining how the sustainability of supply chains may be assessed. Four key objectives were developed to support this purpose: (1) define sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), (2) identify and analyze the published metrics for SSCM, (3) develop a comprehensive approach for assessing sustainability performance at the company level, and (4) develop an integrative sustainability performance framework for the broader context of supply chain.
The first two objectives were accomplished through two different sets of in-depth literature reviews. The reviews focused on analyzing the convergences and divergences in the literature on green supply chain management (GSCM), SSCM, and the metrics used in these areas. The reviews helped provide the basis for accomplishing the remaining research objectives. Accordingly, stochastic models for measuring sustainability performance at the company and supply chain levels were developed.
This research addresses several important gaps in the literature. As research on the integration of sustainability into SCM continues to expand, it becomes increasingly important to highlight the inconsistencies in the various definitions and metrics used to measure GSCM and SSCM. The lack of reasonably consistent definitions and metrics may lead to confusion regarding the appropriate scope in theory and practice of SSCM initiatives. Exploring the implications of and potential resolutions to the many differences in the published definitions and metrics provide much needed reference points, and further provide the foundation necessary to support the development of scientifically-sound sustainability models.
By providing relatively simple and informative measurement, the model developed in Objective 3 presents a unique method of adopting the strong sustainability concept to assessing sustainability at the company level. Furthermore, by providing an original and straightforward analytical approach, the SSCM models developed in Objective 4 are one of the first to explicitly adopt probabilistic approaches for sustainability assessment in the supply chain context. Given their unique ability to accommodate any number of SSCM characteristics, the models can be employed as integrative, multi-dimensional tools for evaluating changes in the sustainability status of a supply chain over time.
Recognition of religious groups in multicultural education
Authors: Stevanovic Slavica
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses recognition of religious minorities in multicultural education by conducting socio-political analysis of religion as a construct of group identity and a social regulator, and educational secular public space. Current multicultural educational practices are criticized for failing to actively promote social change and create alternative spaces to that of secular Eurocentric education. The paper concludes that the issue of public funding of independent religious schools is a matter of both parents' and individual rights and groups' rights to have their cultural identity recognized and equally treated under the law. Anti-racist discourse and Afrocentric education are introduced as one alternative to hegemonic, mono-centric framework in education that not only recognizes minorities in public institutions but also acknowledges their worth.
Shear and flexural behaviour of lightweight self-consolidating concrete beams
Authors: Sathiyamoorthy Kokilan
Published: May 2021

Shear and flexural behaviour of lightweight self-consolidating concrete (LWSCC) beams made of slag aggregates were investigated. Shear reinforced LWSCC beams showed similar shear behaviour compared to their non-shear reinforced counterparts until the formation of diagonal cracks but higher ultimate shear resistance and ductility. Compared to normal weight self-consolidating concrete (SCC) ones, non-shear reinforced LWSCC beams showed lower post-cracking shear resistance. Shear strength of LWSCC/SCC beams increased with the decrease of shear span to depth ratio. LWSCC beams showed higher number of cracks and wider crack width at failure than their SCC counterparts. LWSCC beams developed higher number of cracks with wider crack width at failure compared with their SCC counterparts. American, Canadian and British Codes were conservative in predicting shear strength of shear/non-shear reinforced LWSCC beams. LWSCC beams (with slag aggregate) showed good shear resistance compared with those made of other types of aggregates besides satisfactory flexural performance.
Biomechanical Evaluation Of Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture Fixation
Authors: Kim Seung Y.R.
Published: May 2021

This study proposes a bone plate fixation method to reduce the stress shielding effect on the fractured periprosthetic femur fixed with a metallic bone plate. The goal of this study is to design the finite element models of 5 bone plate attachment configurations applied to the periprosthetic femur fractured at 2 different levels (one with simple transverse fracture at mid-shaft with 1mm gap, and the other with 5mm gap at the fracture site simulating bone loss), and to validate the results by comparing with the experimental study. The average stiffness of the intact femur construct was 2502 N/mm which decreased to 1803 N/mm and 801 N/mm for a 1mm and 5mm gap construct, respectively. The finite element model predicted the stiffness results of the experiments within 10% for the 1mm gap fracture case. The finite element model was less reliable when used to predict the stiffness values in the 5mm gap fracture case. The construct fixed only with cables in the proximal femur resulted in the least amount of stress shielding while maintaining a similar level of stiffness compared to the other configurations.
Pilot study : investigating child life support sessions as a tool for retinopathy of prematurity infants undergoing ROP eye exams
Authors: Livingstone Morgan
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to access the coping of premature infants during ROP eye exams both before and after receiving 3 child life support sessions. This assessment used the adapted COMFORT behavior scale as a reliable and validated standardized assessment tool. An experienced ROP clinic nurse and a clinic fellow made paired observations during 2 routine ROP eye exams to record infant coping. 9 infants were consented into the study and 2 infants were found to be at risk for ROP and therefore continued in the study. The other 7 infants were found to be not at risk. The results of the pre and post test coping results demonstrated a drop in distress and an increase in each infants coping during the ROP eye exam. The results suggest that Child Life support sessions do increase and enhance premature infant coping during ROP eye exams.
Potentials of utilizing renewable resources of agriculture residues for the biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose nanofibers
Authors: Sani Amir Jalal
Published: May 2021

In the present study, production of bacterial cellulose nanofibers from single sugars and sugar mixtures in feedstock was investigated using different culture methods. This includes production in shake flask, stirred tank and draft tube airlift bioreactors. There has been no previous work done other than this reported work concerning production of bacterial cellulose nanofibers using sugar mixtures. Fructose was found to be the top producer with 5.65 g/L of bacterial cellulose nanofibers. The different compositions of sugar mixtures tested in this study were identical to acid hydrolyzates of agricultural residues. Maximum yield of 17.72 g/L was observed with mixture that resembles the acid hydrolyzate of wheat straw.
Modified stirred tank and airlift bioreactors showed higher production of bacterial cellulose nanofibers compared to shake flask. In general, results obtained in the present study demonstrate potential of improving production of nanofibers solely based on agricultural residues and using draft tube airlift bioreactors.
International Radio Broadcasting and Post-Conflict State-Building: the Case of Canada’s Rana FM
Authors: Harmes David T
Published: May 2021

International Radio Broadcasting (IRB) has been used as a mass communication tool of the state since its inception in the early 1920s. Following its historic use in programs of propaganda, public diplomacy, psychological operations, and international development communication, the practice of IRB can also be found in a number of post-conflict statebuilding operations that are not well documented. Through a case study methodology this dissertation examines the nature of, and motivation for, the use of IRB in post-conflict state-building, as experienced by Canada’s Rana FM in contemporary Afghanistan (2006 – 2011). Using primary research from structured interviews with IRB practitioners and personal observation of IRB operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo and Afghanistan, this study draws on information from directing staff, management, producers, on-air presenters, and technical staff; as well as a variety of sources including internal content analyses, opinion polling, and unclassified government documents. Using the strategic communication frameworks of propaganda and development communication, this study found IRBs to function as a form of ‘defensive propaganda’ that aims to reinforce the institutions of the developing state during the process of democratic reconstruction. IRBs in post-conflict state-building can be seen to function in a surrogate capacity that aims to become a creditable source of news and information, in order to maximize audience share and provide a platform for public discussion. This dissertation presents new empirical information on Canada’s IRB in Afghanistan, Rana FM, which operated from January 2007 to July 2011.
Deportation in perspective : constructions of a nation and ideal citizens
Authors: Patel Neha
Published: May 2021

This project attempts to explain the deportation process in Canada. Specifically I highlight how the deportation decision making process is not only about removing a person from the country but also creating a desirable citizenry. The inclusion of Chan's article as a case study was important to this project as no other study has included statistics based on country of origin, Immigration Appeal Division members' comments or reasoning for decisions made at deportation appeal hearings. Comments reveal differential perceptions of immigrants from Anglo-European countries and non-white countries on rehabilitation and re-offending. Statistics are provided and the tendency for appellants from non-white countries to have their deportation appeal hearing dismissed happen more often than those from Anglo-European countries. I will highlight how removing someone from the country and making 'good' citizens is rooted in racialized concepts of nationhood and what it means to be an 'ideal' citizen.
Billy Burkhalter: The Maltese man: a video game for wimps
Authors: Springer Sean
Published: May 2021

In October 2003, I received the approval of the Joint Programme in Communication & Culture to fulfill the requirements of the MA project by designing a prototype for a webbased video game which would provide an entertaining venue where players would learn about the mechanics behind the construction of masculinity. This prototype, along with a test scene (which can be played on most Internet-ready computers at www.sphincter.ca). was completed in August 2004. The purpose of this project paper is to elaborate on the project's objectives with a discussion of how theories of communication and culture guided the prototype's artistic direction, how the prototype contributes to the professional practice of video game design, and how the prototype's ultimate objective - to help male wimps achieve a sense of comfort in their masculine identity - was fulfilled.
Extending the Physical Public Realm: The ‘Third Place’ as a Charged Interstitial Space
Authors: Ispravnikova Nina
Published: May 2021

This thesis project defines the role of a ‘third place’ as an informal public space and an essential part of the urban landscape, as well as citizens’ daily lives. Such spaces help the urban growth to integrate with the lives of the people, allowing for our diverse community to come together and nourish new kinds of relationships that are rather hard to obtain in private or commercialized spaces. Our cities are increasingly deprived of such spaces due to changes in our urban planning structure. Culture of commerce has put a lot of pressure on urban areas replacing the program of present and potential public areas for private functions. With the introduction of online communication and creation of social networks most social encounters take place in cyberspace. These technologies allow for easy and constant virtual information exchanges eliminating the need for physical contact, therefore changing the patterns of social interaction. Aiming to bring us closer together, these technologies began to physically isolate our society even more. As members of our society enter into the virtual world of these technologies everywhere they go, they began to isolate themselves from others in the physical realm.

This thesis project aims to redefine the physical role of a ‘third place’ in the context of a modern society that has been affected by virtual communication technologies and increasing privatization of urban public spaces. A new form of a ‘third place’ will be designed to create a sense of place within a community, enhance and bring back the presence of people in the city, engage diverse social groups in physical activities and improve their social interaction.
Combinatorial Constructions Of Ordered Orthogonal Arrays & Ordered Covering Arrays
Authors: Krikorian Tamar
Published: May 2021

In this thesis, we consider combinatorial objects called ordered orthogonal arrays, which are related to orthogonal arrays and Latin squares. We also introduce a new combinatorial method to the construction of these objects, as well as developing new ones. We discuss the applications of ordered orthogonal arrays and ordered covering arrays, which generalize covering arrays. We adapt existing combinatorial methods to the construction of these objects, as well as developing new ones. We discuss the applications of ordered orthogonal arrays and ordered covering arrays to quasi-Monte Carlo integration through the construction of point sets called (t,m,s)-nets and a new object we call (t,m,s)-covering nets.
Does Where You Live Matter? : Physical characteristics of neighbourhoods and Type 2 Diabetes in Toronto ; a cross sectional survey of ethnoracial groups living in St. James Town and Flemingdon Park
Authors: Tynan Anne-Marie
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of neighbourhood on type 2 diabetes among a sample of immigrants attending diabetes education programs in Toronto. Flemingdon Park (FP) has higher overall rates of diabetes than does St. James Town (SJ), even though both areas share similar socio-economic and immigrant profiles. A cross-sectional survey administered to participants of Diabetes Education Programs at Flemingdon and Sherbourne Health Centres asked questions about proximity of resources such as grocery stores, walking, biking trails, parks, access to and availability of recreation sites, public transit, social support and self-reported health status. The results provide individual-level information on the impact of neighbourhood and other social determinants on type 2 diabetes among a sample of immigrants. While the results support the notion that 'where you live' does matter, bigger sample size and further study are needed.
Occupational mobility of Brazilian immigrants in segmented labour markets
Authors: Vendramin Giovanni
Published: May 2021

Canada needs immigration in order to maintain economic success, thus Canada accepts approximately 250,000 immigrants from countries around the world. Some of these immigrants find themselves gaining employment in the secondary labour market in the service and construction sectors. This paper aims to identify and analyze the experiences and issues Brazilian immigrants face in segmented labour markets. The study incorporates the knowledge and information gained from interviewing fifteen Brazilians who have recently immigrated to Canada and are employed in either the construction or service sector. After an in depth study, the following research will explore the issues revolving around occupational mobility, barriers to employment, educational credentials, and personal attitudes that Brazilian immigrants face in the labour market.
Yield stress of concentrated wheat straw suspensions
Authors: Bashir Rizwan
Published: May 2021

The yield stress of concentrated wheat straw suspensions was measured by a vane with a Bohlin rheometer. Wheat straw fibers were made by grinding (wet and dry) wheat straw and separated into four sizes by sieving (8, 12, 20, and 40 mesh). The yield stress was found to increase with concentration as well as with the size of the wheat straw fibers. The yield stress data fitted to power law equation proposed by Kerekes et al. (1985) for pulp fibers. It was found that only 40 mesh size wheat straw fibers agreed with the relation. Effect of stress ramp rate was studied on 5% (20 mesh) w/v, wheat straw suspension. It was observed that stress ramp rate had an effect on measured yield stress value. No yield stress was observed in the suspension of 5% (40 mesh) w/v, due to sedimentation of wheat straw fibers. For effective utilization and mixing of enzymes with wheat straw fibers during hydrolysis, knowledge of yield stress of suspension was important.
The Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Perceived Sense of Belongingness and Their Willingness to Self-Report Medication Errors in the Clinical Practice Setting: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Botezatu Anda
Published: May 2021

Medication errors threaten the physical and emotional well-being of the Canadian population (Mayo & Duncan, 2004). There is a paucity of published studies examining medication errors in the nursing student population. The purpose of this pilot study was determining the feasibility of conducting a larger scale study examining the relationship between nursing students’ perceived sense of belongingness and their willingness to self-report medication errors in the clinical practice setting. Thirty fourth year nursing students completed the study instruments. The study’s conceptual framework guided the development of objectives and interpretation of results. Overall, there was a high response rate, the study protocol was appropriate, and study instruments were valid and reliable. Results indicated a negative nonsignificant inverse relationship between the two main variables. Implications related to nursing practice, education, theory, and results are offered, with a specific focus on the need to replicate the study using a larger sample.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Single and Multiple Impacts of Angular Particles on Ductile Metals
Authors: Takaffoli Mahdi
Published: May 2021

Solid particle erosion occurs when small high speed particles impact surfaces. It can be either destructive such as in the erosion of oil pipelines by corrosion byproducts, or constructive such as in abrasive jet machining processes.

Two dimensional finite element (FE) models of single rhomboid particles impact on a copper target were developed using two different techniques to deal with the problem of element distortion: (i) element deletion, and (ii) remeshing. It was found that the chip formation and the material pile-up, two phenomena that cannot be simulated using a previously developed rigid-plastic model, could be simulated using the FE models, resulting in a good agreement with experiments performed using a gas gun. However, remeshing in conjunction with a failure model caused numerical instabilities. The element deletion approach also induced errors in mass loss due to the removal of distorted elements.

To address the limitations of the FE approach, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) which can better accommodate large deformations, was used in the simulation of the impact of single rhomboid particles on an aluminum alloy target. With appropriate constitutive and failure parameters, SPH was demonstrated to be suitable for simulating all of the relevant damage phenomena observed during impact experiments.

A new methodology was developed for generating realistic three dimensional particle geometries based on measurements of the size and shape parameter distributions for a sample of

150 µm nominal diameter angular aluminum oxide powder. The FE models of these generated particles were implemented in a SPH/FE model to simulate non-overlapping particle impacts. It was shown that the simulated particles produced distributions of crater and crater lip dimensions that agreed well with those measured from particle blasting experiments.

Finally, a numerical model for simulating overlapping impacts of angular particles was developed and compared to experimental multi-particle erosion tests, with good agreement. An investigation of the simulated trajectory of the impacting particles revealed various erosion mechanisms such as the micromachining of chips, the ploughing of craters, and the formation, forging and knocking off crater lips which were consistent with previously noted ductile solid particle erosion mechanisms in the literature.
High level radioactive waste and communities' risk perceptions: a case study of an on-going voluntary siting
Authors: Haymour Rawana
Published: May 2021

This study examined an on-going case study of communities that have been involved in the Nuclear Waste Management Organization‟s nuclear facility siting process. Interviews were conducted to examine whether communities no longer participating had higher perceptions of risk relative to communities that are still participating. In addition, this study examined the influence of other factors on communities to stay in the process or stop participating. Moreover, this study evaluated whether the siting process is consistent with the siting principles of a cooperative model. Results showed that eliminated communities had slightly higher risk perceptions compared to communities that are still participating. On the other hand, opted out communities had lower risk perceptions. It also showed that perceived potential benefits are the main factor controlling the communities‟ decisions at this stage. In addition, the siting process is not perfectly consistent with, but similar to a collaborative planning model at this stage.
Modelling Compressible Blood Flow with Slip in a Constricted Rectangular Flow Domain
Authors: DeClerico Matthew
Published: May 2021

The abnormal narrowing of blood vessels is known to affect the characterization of blood flow through these constricted regions. Both theoretical and clinical research has suggested that these changes in flow are associated with cardiovascular related diseases. Analytic, numerical, and particle based methods have been employed to solve the Navier-Stokes momentum integral equations associated with compressible, Newtonian fluid flow. In this thesis, the Karman-Pohlhausen method is used to transform a system of partial differential equations into a single second-order, non-linear differential equation in terms of the density. Numerical solutions are presented and important flow features, including the role of slip and compressibility, are discussed. The choice to use a symmetric rectangular channel, rather than a cylindrical one, is largely motivated by the opportunity to compare the numerical solutions with experimental data collected from a rectangular microchannel. The numerical results also indicate similar trends in the flow characteristics for the rectangular channel as compared to previous results using cylindrical models.
Real-time data mining for multimedia streaming
Authors: Banihashemi Sepideh
Published: May 2021

Developing a Web Video Player connected to a security surveillance camera for collecting the video streams is the main objective of this study. The Developed Web Application tracks the target object through the sequences of video frames and generates the object trajectories. The video frames are analyzed, and the object trajectories are fed into a classifier or clustering method for training and movement detection purposes. In this thesis, several machine learning techniques are applied and implemented in Batch and in Real-Time mode including SVM, J48 Decision Tree, PART, Decision Table, Decision Stump, Multilayer Perceptron, and K-Means clustering by using two customized datasets. The object tracking, and movement detection are based on a simplified HSV color space model. The developed Web Application and proposed architecture are implemented on a local area network with in-house Server as well as a single computer and can detect the trajectories of the moving objects effectively.
Water scarcity policy: evaluation with a focus on Alberta, British Columbia and Ontario
Authors: Adams Heather Christine
Published: May 2021

Water scarcity is inherently complex, yet it is a largely ignored and chronically
understudied problem in Canada. The country has a relative abundance of freshwater,
which has led to wasteful and inefficient use of water resources and high economic and
environmental costs. Responsibility to govern this precious resource is predominantly
in the power of the provinces in accordance with the 1982 Constitution Act. Alberta,
British Columbia and Ontario were selected as jurisdictions of study. Alberta’s Water
for Life Strategy, British Columbia’s Living Water Smart Strategy and Water
Sustainability Act, as well as Ontario’s Permit to Take Water Program are important
policy instruments in the prevention of scarcity. To contribute to policy improvements
for each of selected jurisdiction, policy recommendations and criteria for policy
evaluation were developed and applied, drawing on examples of challenges and
responses from selected international jurisdictions.