bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coverage, spatial distribution and determinants of childhood inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization in Ethiopia
Authors: Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Workneh Belayneh Shetie , Mekonen Enyew Getaneh , Zegeye Alebachew Ferede
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Polio eradication is a current and common strategy throughout the globe. The study of the newly introduced inactivated poliovirus vaccine provides a grasp on the current status of immunization and identifies any disparities in the implementation of the vaccine throughout Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to demonstrate the spatial distribution, coverage, and determinants of inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization in Ethiopia.

Method

Spatial distribution and determinants of inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization in Ethiopia were conducted using Ethiopian mini-demographic and health survey 2019 data. A total of 2,056 weighted children aged 12 to 35 months were included in the analysis. The association between the outcome and explanatory variables was determined by commuting the adjusted odds ratio at a 95% confidence interval. The p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare factors as significantly associated with the inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization.

Result

The weighted national coverage of inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization in Ethiopia was 51.58% at a 95% confidence interval (49.42, 53.74). While the rates of inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization were observed to be greater in Addis Ababa, Tigiray, Amahara, and Benishangul Gumuz provinces and lower in the Somali, Afar, and SNNPR provinces of Ethiopia, Antenatal care follow-up, place of delivery, place of residence, and region were significantly associated with inactivated poliovirus immunization in Ethiopia.

Conclusion

The distribution of inactivated poliovirus immunization was spatially variable across Ethiopia. Only about half of the children aged twelve to thirty-five months received the inactivated poliovirus vaccine in the country. The factors, both at the individual and community level, were significantly associated with inactivated poliovirus immunization. Therefore, policies and strategies could benefit from considering antenatal care follow-up, place of delivery, place of residence, and region while implementing inactivated poliovirus vaccine immunization.
Leading from the bottom: The clinical leaders roles in an HIV primary care facility in Eldoret, Kenya
Authors: Cherop Felishana , Wachira Juddy , Bagire Vincent , Korir Michael
Published: May 2024

Background

Clinical leaders in health systems play critical roles in making decisions that impact patient care and health system performance. Current literature has focused on the importance of clinical leaders’ roles in healthcare settings and has not addressed the leadership aspect that clinical leaders engage in day-to-day decision-making in HIV facilities while providing HIV patient care. Therefore, identifying the leadership roles that wclinical leaders perform at HIV primary facilities is of critical importance.

Purpose

The study explored the views of healthcare providers working in AMPATH-MTRH HIV facility on what they perceived as the roles of clinical leaders at the HIV primary care facility.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative exploratory study between December 2019 to May 2020, involving in-depth interviews with (n = 22) healthcare providers working in AMPATH-MTRH HIV facility, who were purposively and conveniently sampled to participate in in-depth interviews to explore perceptions regarding the leadership roles of clinical leaders. The collected data were analyzed thematically and Nvivo vs.12 software was used for data management.

Results

The following themes were identified from the analysis regarding perceived clinical leaders’ roles in an HIV primary care facility: 1) Strategic roles: providing direction and guidance, ensuring goals and objectives of the department are achieved within the set timelines, planning, and budgeting for adequate resources to support patient HIV care 2) Interconnecting health systems levels and supervisory oversight roles: a link between management, staff, and patients, solving problems, organizing and attending departmental meetings, facilitate staff training, accountable, collaborating with other departments and leaders, defines and assigns responsibilities, ensure quality patient service, coordination, and management of daily activities 3) Research roles: data collation, analysis, generation, review and reporting to the management.

Conclusion

Clinical leaders in the HIV care system perform leadership roles that are characterized by strategic, middle-level, supervisorial and research which reflects the model of the leadership and management style of the HIV care system. The understanding of these roles contributes valuable insights to HIV leaders and managers to recognize the important contribution of clinical leaders and consider reviewing Standard Operating Procedures to include these leadership roles and strengthen their capacity to maximize clinicians’ contribution to improve HIV care and enhance responsive health systems.
The MISOPRED score: Development and validation of a clinical scoring system to predict the effectiveness of Misoprostol treatment for early pregnancy loss
Authors: Bar-Noy Tomer , Limonad Ofer , Gandelsman Erika , Shrim Alon , Sharabi Hila , Zarecki Raphy , Hallak Mordechai , Bruchim Ilan
Published: May 2024

Background

Misoprostol treatment for early pregnancy loss has varied success demonstrated in previous studies. Incorporating predictors in a single clinical scoring system would be highly beneficial in clinical practice.

Objective

To develop and evaluate the accuracy of a scoring system to predict misoprostol treatment outcomes for managing early pregnancy loss.

Study design

Retrospective cohort and validation study.

Methods

Patients discharged from the gynecologic emergency department from 2013 to 2016, diagnosed with early pregnancy loss, who were treated with 800 mcg misoprostol, administrated vaginally were included. All were sonographically reevaluated within 48–72 hours. Patients in whom the gestational sac was not expelled or with endometrial lining >30 mm were offered a repeat dose and returned for reevaluation after seven days. A successful response was defined as complete expulsion. Clinical data were reviewed to identify predictors for successful responses. The scoring system was then retrospectively evaluated on a second cohort to evaluate its accuracy. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors most predictive of treatment response.

Results

The development cohort included 126 patients. Six factors were found to be most predictive of misoprostol treatment effectiveness: nulliparity, prior complete spontaneous abortion, gestational age, vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and mean sac diameter, yielding a score of 0–8 (the MISOPRED score), where 8 represents the highest-likelihood of success. The score was validated retrospectively with 119 participants. Successful response in the group with the lowest likelihood score (score 0–3) was 9%, compared with 82% in the highest likelihood score group (score 7–8). Using the MISOPRED score, approximately 15% of patients previously planned to receive misoprostol treatment can be referred for surgical management.

Conclusions

MISOPRED score can be utilized as an adjunct tool for clinical decision-making in cases of Early pregnancy loss. To our knowledge, this is the first scoring system suggested to predict the success rate in these cases.
Improving obesity research: Unveiling metabolic pathways through a 3D In vitro model of adipocytes using 3T3-L1 cells
Authors: Avelino Thayna Mendonca , Provencio Marta García-Arévalo , Peroni Luis Antonio , Domingues Romênia Ramos , Torres Felipe Rafael , de Oliveira Paulo Sergio Lopes , Leme Adriana Franco Paes , Figueira Ana Carolina Migliorini
Published: May 2024

Obesity, a burgeoning global health crisis, has tripled in prevalence over the past 45 years, necessitating innovative research methodologies. Adipocytes, which are responsible for energy storage, play a central role in obesity. However, most studies in this field rely on animal models or adipocyte monolayer cell cultures, which are limited in their ability to fully mimic the complex physiology of a living organism, or pose challenges in terms of cost, time consumption, and ethical considerations. These limitations prompt a shift towards alternative methodologies. In response, here we show a 3D in vitro model utilizing the 3T3-L1 cell line, aimed at faithfully replicating the metabolic intricacies of adipocytes in vivo. Using a workable cell line (3T3-L1), we produced adipocyte spheroids and differentiated them in presence and absence of TNF-α. Through a meticulous proteomic analysis, we compared the molecular profile of our adipose spheroids with that of adipose tissue from lean and obese C57BL/6J mice. This comparison demonstrated the model’s efficacy in studying metabolic conditions, with TNF-α treated spheroids displaying a notable resemblance to obese white adipose tissue. Our findings underscore the model’s simplicity, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness, positioning it as a robust tool for authentically mimicking in vitro metabolic features of real adipose tissue. Notably, our model encapsulates key aspects of obesity, including insulin resistance and an obesity profile. This innovative approach has the potential to significantly impact the discovery of novel therapeutic interventions for metabolic syndrome and obesity. By providing a nuanced understanding of metabolic conditions, our 3D model stands as a transformative contribution to in vitro research, offering a pathway for the development of small molecules and biologics targeting these pervasive health issues in humans.
Unmet need for family planning and associated factors among currently married women in Nepal: A further analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Survey—2022
Authors: K. C. Saugat Pratap , Adhikari Bikram , Pandey Achyut Raj , Pandey Merina , Kakchapati Sampurna , Giri Santosh , Sharma Shreeman , Lamichhane Bipul , Gautam Ghanshyam , Joshi Deepak , Dulal Bishnu Prasad , Regmi Shophika , Baral Sushil Chandra
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Family planning (FP) is crucial for improving maternal and newborn health outcomes, promoting gender equality, and reducing poverty. Unmet FP needs persist globally, especially in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa leading to unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and maternal fatalities. This study aims to identify the determinants of unmet needs for FP from a nationally representative survey.

Methods

We analyzed the data of 11,180 currently married women from nationally representative Nepal Health Demographic Survey 2022. We conducted weighted analysis in R statistical software to account complex survey design and non-response rate. We conducted univariate and multivariable binary and multinomial logistic regression to assess association of unmet need for FP with independent variables including place of residence, province, ecological belt, ethnicity, religion, current age, participant’s and husband’s education, occupation, wealth quintile, parity, desire for child, and media exposure.

Results

The total unmet FP need was 20.8% (95%CI: 19.7, 21.9) accounting 13.4% (95%CI: 12.5, 14.4) for unmet need for limiting and 7.4% (95%CI: 6.8, 8.0) for unmet for spacing. Lower odds of total unmet need for FP were present in 20–34 years and 35–49 years compared to <20 years, women belonging to Madhesi ethnic group (AOR: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.64, 0.95) compared to Brahmin/Chhetri, women from richest (AOR: 0.69; 95%CI: 0.56, 0.84), richer (AOR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.68, 0.97) and middle wealth quintile (AOR: 0.82; 95%CI:0.70, 0.98) groups compared poorest wealth quintile group and women belonging to rural area (AOR: 0.89; 95%CI: 0.80, 0.99) compared to urban area. Higher odds of unmet need for FP were present among women with basic (AOR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.17, 1.54), and secondary level (AOR: 1.32; 95%CI: 1.12, 1.56) education compared to women without education, among women from Madhesh (AOR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.22, 1.98), Gandaki (AOR: 2.11; 95%CI: 1.66, 2.68), Lumbini (AOR: 1.97; 95%CI: 1.61, 2.42) and Sudurpashchim province (AOR: 1.64; 95%CI: 1.27, 2.10) compared to Koshi province and among women whose husband education was basic level (AOR:1.37; 95%CI: 1.15, 1.63), or secondary level (AOR: 1.32; 95%CI: 1.09, 1.60) education.

Conclusion

Nepal faces relatively high unmet FP needs across various socio-demographic strata. Addressing these needs requires targeted interventions focusing on age, ethnicity, religion, education, and socio-economic factors to ensure universal access to FP services.
Relationships of primary productivity with anuran abundance, richness, and community composition in tropical streams
Authors: Sheridan Jennifer A. , Kendrick Michael R.
Published: May 2024

The relationship between primary productivity and diversity has been demonstrated across taxa and spatial scales, but for organisms with biphasic life cycles, little research has examined whether productivity of larval and adult environments influence each life stage independently, or whether productivity of one life stage’s environment outweighs the influence of the other. Experimental work demonstrates that tadpoles of stream-breeding anurans can exhibit a top-down influence on aquatic primary productivity (APP), but few studies have sought evidence of a bottom-up influence of primary productivity on anuran abundance, species richness and community composition, as seen in other organisms. We examined aquatic and terrestrial primary productivity in two forest types in Borneo, along with amphibian abundance, species richness, and community composition at larval and adult stages, to determine whether there is evidence for a bottom-up influence of APP on tadpole abundance and species richness across streams, and the relative importance of aquatic and terrestrial primary productivity on larval and adult phases of anurans. We predicted that adult richness, abundance, and community composition would be influenced by terrestrial primary productivity, but that tadpole richness, abundance, and community composition would be influenced by APP. Contrary to expectations, we did not find evidence that primary productivity, or variation thereof, predicts anuran richness at larval or adult stages. Further, no measure of primary productivity or its variation was a significant predictor of adult abundance, or of adult or tadpole community composition. For tadpoles, we found that in areas with low terrestrial primary productivity, abundance was positively related to APP, but in areas with high terrestrial primary productivity, abundance was negatively related to APP, suggesting a bottom-up influence of primary productivity on abundance in secondary forest, and a top-down influence of tadpoles on primary productivity in primary forest. Additional data are needed to better understand the ecological interactions between terrestrial primary productivity, aquatic primary productivity, and tadpole abundance.
Causal relationship between periodontal disease-related phenotype and knee osteoarthritis: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Shen Longqiang , Niu Di , Deng Gang
Published: May 2024

Objective

This study aimed to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between periodontal disease-related phenotype (PDRP) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in a European population using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach.

Methods

We leveraged publicly available GWAS summary statistics for PDRP (n = 975) and KOA (n = 403,124), assessing their roles as both exposures and outcomes. Our comprehensive MR analysis employed various methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode, to enhance the robustness of our findings. To ensure the reliability of our instrumental variables, we implemented a rigorous screening process based on p-values and F-values, utilized Phenoscanner to investigate potential confounders, and conducted sensitivity analyses.

Results

Our analysis identified five SNPs associated with PDRP and three SNPs with KOA, all surpassing the genome-wide significance threshold, as instrumental variables. The IVW method demonstrated a significant causal relationship from PDRP to KOA (beta = 0.013, SE = 0.007, P = 0.035), without evidence of directional pleiotropy (MR-Egger regression intercept = 0.021, P = 0.706). No support was found for reverse causality from KOA to PDRP, as further MR analyses yielded non-significant P-values. Additionally, funnel plots and Cochran’s Q test detected no significant heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy, confirming the robustness of our results. In multivariate analysis, when considering smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI collectively no direct causal relationship between KOA and PDRP. Conversely, smoking and higher BMI were independently associated with an increased risk of KOA.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our analysis revealed no direct causal relationship from KOA to PDRP. However, a causal relationship from PDRP to KOA was observed. Notably, when adjusting for potential confounders like smoking, alcohol intake, and BMI, both the causal connection from PDRP to KOA and the inverse relationship were not substantiated.
Supporting health and social care professionals in serious illness conversations: Development, validation, and preliminary evaluation of an educational booklet
Authors: Gonella Silvia , Di Giulio Paola , Riva-Rovedda Federica , Stella Luigi , Rivolta Maria Marcella , Malinverni Eugenia , Paleologo Mario , Di Vella Giancarlo , Dimonte Valerio
Published: May 2024

Serious illness conversations aim to align the care process with the goals and preferences of adult patients suffering from any advanced disease. They represent a challenge for healthcare professionals and require specific skills. Conversation guides consistent with task-centered instructional strategies may be particularly helpful to improve the quality of communication. This study aims to develop, validate, and preliminarily evaluate an educational booklet to support Italian social and healthcare professionals in serious illness conversations. A three-step approach, including development, validation, and evaluation, was followed. A co-creation process with meaningful stakeholders led to the development of the booklet, validated by 15 experts on clarity, completeness, coherence, and relevance. It underwent testing on readability (Gulpease index, 0 = lowest-100 = maximum) and design (Baker Able Leaflet Design criteria, 0 = worst to 32 = best). Twenty-two professionals with different scope of practice and care settings evaluated acceptability (acceptable if score ≥30), usefulness, feasibility to use (1 = not at all to 10 = extremely), and perceived acquired knowledge (1 = not at all to 5 = extremely). After four rounds of adjustments, the booklet scored 97% for relevance, 60 for readability, and 25/32 for design. In all, 18 (81.8%), 19 (86.4%) and 17 (77.3%) professionals deemed the booklet acceptable, moderate to highly useful, and feasible to use, respectively; 18/22 perceived gain in knowledge and all would recommend it to colleagues. The booklet has good readability, excellent design, high content validity, and a high degree of perceived usefulness and acquired knowledge. The booklet is tailored to users’ priorities, mirrors their most frequent daily practice challenges, and offers 1-minute, 2-minute and 5-minute solutions for each scenario. The co-creation process ensured the development of an educational resource that could be useful regardless of the scope of practice and the care setting to support professionals in serious illness conversations.
Machine learning prediction of nutritional status among pregnant women in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2017–18
Authors: Begum Najma , Rahman Mohd. Muzibur , Omar Faruk Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Aim

Malnutrition in pregnant women significantly affects both mother and child health. This research aims to identify the best machine learning (ML) techniques for predicting the nutritional status of pregnant women in Bangladesh and detect the most essential features based on the best-performed algorithm.

Methods

This study used retrospective cross-sectional data from the Bangladeshi Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18. Different feature transformations and machine learning classifiers were applied to find the best transformation and classification model.

Results

This investigation found that robust scaling outperformed all feature transformation methods. The result shows that the Random Forest algorithm with robust scaling outperforms all other machine learning algorithms with 74.75% accuracy, 57.91% kappa statistics, 73.36% precision, 73.08% recall, and 73.09% f1 score. In addition, the Random Forest algorithm had the highest precision (76.76%) and f1 score (71.71%) for predicting the underweight class, as well as an expected precision of 82.01% and f1 score of 83.78% for the overweight/obese class when compared to other algorithms with a robust scaling method. The respondent’s age, wealth index, region, husband’s education level, husband’s age, and occupation were crucial features for predicting the nutritional status of pregnant women in Bangladesh.

Conclusion

The proposed classifier could help predict the expected outcome and reduce the burden of malnutrition among pregnant women in Bangladesh.
5-HT receptors exert differential effects on seizure-induced respiratory arrest in DBA/1 mice
Authors: Pan Yundan , Tan Zheren , Guo Jialing , Feng Hua-Jun
Published: May 2024

Both clinical and animal studies demonstrated that seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) contributes importantly to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). It has been shown that enhancing serotonin (5-HT) function relieves S-IRA in animal models of SUDEP, including DBA/1 mice. Direct activation of 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors suppresses S-IRA in DBA/1 mice, indicating that these receptors are involved in S-IRA. However, it remains unknown if other subtypes of 5-HT receptors are implicated in S-IRA in DBA/1 mice. In this study, we investigated the action of an agonist of the 5-HT1A (8-OH-DPAT), 5-HT2A (TCB-2), 5-HT2B (BW723C86), 5-HT2C (MK-212), 5-HT6 (WAY-208466) and 5-HT7 (LP-211) receptor on S-IRA in DBA/1 mice. An agonist of the 5-HT receptor or a vehicle was intraperitoneally administered 30 min prior to acoustic simulation, and the effect of each drug/vehicle on the incidence of S-IRA was videotaped for offline analysis. We found that the incidence of S-IRA was significantly reduced by TCB-2 at 10 mg/kg (30%, n = 10; p < 0.01, Fisher’s exact test) but was not altered by other agonists compared with the corresponding vehicle controls in DBA/1 mice. Our data demonstrate that 5-HT2A receptors are implicated in S-IRA, and 5-HT1A, 5-HT2B, 5-HT2C, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors are not involved in S-IRA in DBA/1 mice.
Exploring the biochemical dynamics in faba bean (Vicia faba L. minor) in response to Orobanche foetida Poir. parasitism under inoculation with different rhizobia strains
Authors: Bouraoui Manel , Abbes Zouhaier , L’taief Boulbaba , Alshaharni Mohammed O. , Abdi Neila , Hachana Amira , Sifi Bouaziz
Published: May 2024

In Tunisia, Orobanche foetida Poir. is considered an important agricultural biotic constraint on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production. An innovative control method for managing this weed in faba bean is induced resistance through inoculation by rhizobia strains. In this study, we explored the biochemical dynamics in V. faba L. minor inoculated by rhizobia in response to O. foetida parasitism. A systemic induced resistant reaction was evaluated through an assay of peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenyl alanine ammonialyase (PAL) activity and phenolic compound and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation in faba bean plants infested with O. foetida and inoculated with rhizobia. Two rhizobia strains (Mat, Bj1) and a susceptible variety of cultivar Badi were used in a co-culture Petri dish experiment. We found that Mat inoculation significantly decreased O. foetida germination and the number of tubercles on the faba bean roots by 87% and 88%, respectively. Following Bj1 inoculation, significant decreases were only observed in O. foetida germination (62%). In addition, Mat and Bj1 inoculation induced a delay in tubercle formation (two weeks) and necrosis in the attached tubercles (12.50% and 4.16%, respectively) compared to the infested control. The resistance of V. faba to O. foetida following Mat strain inoculation was mainly associated with a relatively more efficient enzymatic antioxidative response. The antioxidant enzyme activity was enhanced following Mat inoculation of the infected faba bean plant. Indeed, increases of 45%, 67% and 86% were recorded in the POX, PPO and PAL activity, respectively. Improvements of 56% and 12% were also observed in the soluble phenolic and H2O2 contents. Regarding inoculation with the Bj1 strain, significant increases were only observed in soluble phenolic and H2O2 contents and PPO activity (especially at 45 days after inoculation) compared to the infested control. These results imply that inoculation with the rhizobia strains (especially Mat) induced resistance and could bio-protect V. faba against O. foetida parasitism by inducing systemic resistance, although complete protectionwas not achieved by rhizobia inoculation. The Mat strain could be used as a potential candidate for the development of an integrated method for controlling O. foetida parasitism in faba bean.
Unveiling the Nexus: Influence of learning motivation on organizational performance and innovative climate of Chinese firms
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liao Caizhi , Liu Jialei , Zhang Yihe , Gui Shiquan , Wei Qing
Published: May 2024

This study delves into the interplay between learning motivation, organizational performance, and the innovative climate within Chinese firms. It is a subject of frequent discussion in literature but there is little concrete evidence supporting this viewpoint within the context of small and medium size enterprises in China. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical data gathered, this research aims to uncover the connections between employee learning motivation and its impact on the organizational dynamics in the context of Chinese firms. A cross sectional survey is used to collect the data of 115 Chinese firms and structural equation modelling (SEM) is used for empirical analysis. The results show that success of firms in terms of innovation is significantly influenced by organizational learning motivation. Moreover, innovative environment of the firms increases the overall performance of the organizations. It is also found that factors affecting the innovations have a significant impact on organizational performance. The findings of the study suggest that firms should develop organizational learning motivation to boost their innovation capability and overall performance. This study offers insights and recommendations for organizations and policymakers seeking to harness the potential of learning motivation to drive sustainable growth, competitiveness, and innovation in Chinese firms.
Multifunctional Transition Metal Complexes: Design, Synthesis, Luminescent Features, Electrical Behaviour, Nanostructure Morphology and Bioactive Properties with 1,1-Dicyanoethylene-2,2-dithiolate and p-Phenylenediamine Ligands
Authors: Das Arijit , Hussain Syed Arshad , Banik Hritinava , Maiti Debasish , Aktar Tamanna , Acharya Sandeep , Debnath Paresh
Published: May 2024

Four new transition metal complexes (1-4) were successfully synthesized through the reaction of M(NO3)2·nH2O (M = Ni, Co, Cd or Zn; n = 6 for Ni, Co, Zn; n = 4 for Cd) with 1,1-dicyanoethylene-2,2-dithiolate (i-MNT2–) and p-phenylenediamine (PPD) ligands. The syntheszed metal complexes were characterized by CHN-analysis, electronic, FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. The electronic transition investigations reveals six coordinate octahedral geometry for Ni(II), distorted octahedral for Co(II), four coordinate tetrahedral geometry for Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes. All the four metal complexes displayed a significant red shift in the absorption maximum, suggesting their successful assembly. The luminescence behaviour exhibited the prominent fluorescence within the visible range. The current-voltage characteristics revealed that complexes 2 and 3 exhibited ohmic behaviour, displaying a linear curve. On the other hand, complexes 1 and 4 initially maintained a low conducting state (OFF state) until a specific voltage threshold (VTh), beyond which the current sharply increased, transitioning to a higher current state (ON state). The FESEM images of the metal complexes strongly indicated a nano-scale aggregated structure. In terms of antibacterial activity, complexes 3 and 4 demonstrated promising efficacy against various bacterial strains, with complex 3 being particularly potent. The fungicidal activity of all four metal complexes was remarkable against Magnaporthe grisea, Cochliobolus miyabeanus and Synchitrium endobioticum, however, no fungicidal activity was found against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans.
Synthesis and Chemical Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Weeds using FTIR and NMR Techniques
Authors: Izhar Syed Khalida , Rizvi Shareen Fatima , Shahab Aamina , Firdaus Aliya , Sharma Rohit , Qamar Shazia , Siddiqui Saba , Siddiqui Arshi , Afaq Uzma
Published: May 2024

Soil microorganisms have the ability to produce bioactive chemicals that can be utilized in the development of a bioherbicide for the purpose of biological weed control. A total of 34 bacterial strains were isolated and tested for their herbicidal activity against both grass and broadleaf weeds. From this group, six effective isolates were chosen for the purpose of characterization and identification. The actinomycete isolates were identified as Microbacterium sp and Streptomyces sp. based on an analysis of their morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics. Out of the initially chosen 6 strains, the bacterial fermentation broths from one particular isolate strain exhibited herbicidal activity that resulted in a 95% reduction in the growth of weed when compared to the control. The Streptomycetes isolates underwent a germination inhibition assay to determine the presence of herbicidal properties. A total of 8 crop seeds were examined for herbicidal efficacy using Streptomycetes isolates and no growth inhibition was observed in the crop seeds. The herbicidal activity of Streptomyces isolates was tested on four weed seeds. Streptomyces inhibits the growth of nut grass. The current investigation establishes that Streptomyces isolates has the potential to function as a bioherbicide against nut grass. The strain SKI-[Z] was shown to have a 99% resemblance to Actinobacterial spp. through phylogenetic study of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The FT-IR spectrum shows alkynes (-C≡C), alkenes (=C-H), amines (N-H), aliphatic amine (C-N) and alkanes (-C-H) and the NMR peak having ketone groups (C=O), di-ketone group (>C=O), ether (R-O-R) and aldehyde group (-CHO). Furthermore, upon 1H NMR analysis of the secondary metabolites, the prominent peaks intensities at δ 2.4, 3.68 and 4.1 ppm correspond to the ketone groups (C=O), di-ketone group (>C=O), ether (R-O-R) and aldehyde group (-CHO) were found.
Synthesis, Structural Determination, Docking Study and Bioactivity of Novel Thiophene Derivatives
Authors: Mahyavanshi Jyotindra , Lokhandwala Snehal , Pandya Jayesh , Patel Jigar
Published: May 2024

The present study reveals 4-methyl-3-(propylamino)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (Articaine acid) as precursor derivative to synthesize novel thiophene compounds to evaluate their biological activity. The synthesized compounds were subjected to comprehensive characterization techniques including mass spectra, NMR and IR spectroscopy, confirming their structural integrity. Their antimicrobial activity was assessed via minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay against selected bacterial strains. The results emphasize the potential therapeutic applications of these thiophene analogues as efficacious antimicrobial agents, thereby encouraging further investigation. Molecular docking was used to examine thiophene derivative binding affinities on the S. aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase protein and it was found that phenylethylamine derivatives had the highest binding affinity, followed by cyclohexyl methyl and benzylamine derivatives.
Macrocyclic Metal Complexes of Tetradentate Hydrazone Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization and its Applications
Authors: Pinky  , Rani Anita
Published: May 2024

The condensation reaction between dimethyl tetraphthalate and hydrazine hydrate results in the formation of 4-formylbenzohydrazide, which was refluxed with malonic acid to obtain novel hydrazone ligand (FBH-L). The ligand was further subjected to coordinate with two metal salts viz. ZrCl4 and NiCl2 to synthesize respective transition metal(II) complexes. The ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by various spectral and analytical techniques like UV, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrometry, etc. The synthesized complexe were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti-angiogenic properties to determine their impact on microorganisms and the growth of blood cells, respectively and the results obtained were found to be satisfactory. Furthermore, all the metal-complexes demonstrated its efficacy as photocatalyst and also ability to remove metals from real water samples.
Ethno-Science Study of Bamboo as A Building Material of Baduy Community for Environmentally Friendly and Sustainable Materials Chemistry Learning
Authors: Widyaningsih Mia , Sriyati Siti , Liliawati Winny , Mudzakir Ahmad
Published: May 2024

This study aims to develop the chemical aspects of the local practice of the Baduy community in utilizing bamboo as a traditional house building material that can be integrated in material chemistry learning. The research method is a literature study of scientific journals, books, online articles, and research reports related to bamboo as a building material, which is then analyzed by comparing local knowledge and scientific concepts to identify potential integration into science learning, especially chemistry. The result of this study is that the integration of natural science with local practices, such as bamboo used for environmentally friendly and sustainable building materials, is an innovative way to teach materials chemistry. The study of bamboo as a building material can help students understand chemistry concepts, especially the structure and physicochemical properties of materials so that students can relate the mechanical and thermal characteristics of materials to their structure in a more relevant and practical way. Thus, chemistry learning is not only limited to theory and laboratory experiments, but also includes real applications that are relevant to everyday life in society.
Oasis: An Optimal Disjoint Segmented Learned Range Filter
Authors: Chen Guanduo , He Zhenying , Li Meng , Luo Siqiang
Published: May 2024

The learning-enhanced data structure has inspired the development of the range filter, bringing significantly better false positive rate (FPR) than traditional non-learned range filters. Its core idea is to employ piece-wise linear functions that uniformly map the entire key space into a bitmap sequentially. Nonetheless, such uniform mapping can be space-ineffective, impacting FPRs.

This paper introduces Oasis, a novel learned range filter that divides the key space into disjointed intervals by excluding large empty ranges explicitly and optimally maps those unpruned intervals into a compressed bitmap. The configuration optimality in Oasis is guaranteed by a careful theoretical analysis. To enhance the versatility of Oasis, we further propose Oasis+, which integrates the design space of both learned and non-learned filters, delivering robust performance across a wide range of workloads. We evaluate the performance of both Oasis and Oasis+ when integrated into the key-value system RocksDB, using a diverse set of real-world and synthetic datasets and workloads. In RocksDB, Oasis and Oasis+ improve the performance by up to 1.4× and 6.2× when compared to state-of-the-art learned and non-learned range filters.
Visualization-Aware Time Series Min-Max Caching with Error Bound Guarantees
Authors: Maroulis Stavros , Stamatopoulos Vassilis , Papastefanatos George , Terrovitis Manolis
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses the challenges in interactive visual exploration of large multi-variate time series data. Traditional data reduction techniques may improve latency but can distort visualizations. State-of-the-art methods aimed at 100% accurate visualization often fail to maintain interactive response times or require excessive preprocessing and additional storage. We propose an in-memory adaptive caching approach, MinMaxCache, that efficiently reuses previous query results to accelerate visualization performance within accuracy constraints. MinMaxCache fetches data at adaptively determined aggregation granularities to maintain interactive response times and generate approximate visualizations with accuracy guarantees. Our results show that it is up to 10 times faster than current solutions without significant accuracy compromise.
New Apostolic Reformation und Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden
Authors: Spornhauer Dirk
Published: May 2024

Die New Apostolic Reformation (NAR) spielt in der weltweiten Pfingstbewegung seit dem Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts eine immer größere Rolle. Sie betont hierarchische Organisationsformen. Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht aktuelle Auswirkungen dieser Bewegung auf die kongregationalistisch organisierte deutsche Pfingstorganisation „Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden“ (BFP). Dazu wird die Position des BFP in diesem Punkt mit der der Mutterkirche „Assemblies of God“ (AoG) verglichen. Zusätzlich werden exemplarisch die Einflüsse der NAR-Theologie auf drei BFP-Gemeinderegionen dargestellt. Zu Beginn werden einzelne Überzeugungen der NAR skizziert.
The Model of the Higher Church Administration of the Russian Church as of the Local Council 1917–1918 Decisions
Authors: Mramornov Alexander I.
Published: May 2024

The author of this article reviews the reforms of the higher administration of the Russian Church that were carried out by the All-Russian Local Council in 1917–1918. These reforms decisively changed the system of government of one of the largest Orthodox Churches in the world. The model included the regular holding of Local Councils of various types, the leadership of the Church by the Patriarch, the work of permanent bodies of church power – the Synod and the Supreme Church Council (with the participation of not only bishops but also clergy and laity), the creation of church districts on the territory of the former Russian Empire. New managing mechanisms began their work, but after a few years they were curtailed due to repressions against Russian Orthodoxy, but at the end of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first centuries they were not resumed for other, even though also political, reasons.
Zur Frage demokratischer Leitung und Mitbestimmung in apostolischen Gemeinschaften
Authors: Eberle Mathias
Published: May 2024

Wie denken apostolische Christen über Leitung? Woher kommen ihre Haltungen und wie sieht es mit demokratischer Mitbestimmung in der Neuapostolischen Kirche, den Katholisch-apostolischen Gemeinden und weiteren apostolischen Gemeinschaften heute aus? Der Artikel erläutert die Verortung der Apostolischen im politischen Kontext des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts als im Selbstverständnis geistliche Gegenbewegung zu Demokratisierungsbestrebungen der Zeit und beleuchtet daraus folgende gegenwärtige Herausforderungen.
Der pseudoaugustinische

Sermo 167: Beobachtungen und Überlegungen zu Ursprung und Überlieferung mitsamt einer Edition seiner vermuteten Vorlage
Authors: Scheerer Christoph
Published: May 2024

The pseudo-augustinian Sermo 167 (PL 39:2069–2070) is a text of two pieces containing a short Easter homily and a list of benedictions of the Sunday. The oldest known but reworked exemplar is part of a larger homily in the manuscript Cambridge, Pembroke College Ms. 25 (s. 11). Though, in the manuscript Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.q.28b (s. 8/9) the main parts of Sermo 167,1 and the list of benedictions as separate pieces were detected (fol. 22r–24v), similarly at the end of another larger homily; it was substantiated that Sermo 167,1 is a derivative cento of the larger Würzburg-homily which has been combined with the originally independent list of benedictions; a anglo-saxon context was proposed; the text of the whole Würzburg-homily and the list in the version of this manuscript has been emended and established; quotations and allusions were identified and indicated; a translation was added. Thus, this sermo of the manuscript Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.q.28b as the predecessor of pseudo-augustinian Sermo 167 gives insights into the process of working and reworking of homilies in the carolingian and pre-carolingian aera.
Far Right times in Argentina: Social and Labor Conflicts in the Beginnings of Milei’s government.
Authors: Marticorena Clara , Soul Julia
Published: May 2024

Last November, the self-proclaimed “anarcho-capitalist” Javier Milei won the presidential elections in Argentina. His triumph has deepened the economic, social and political crisis which the country has been in for several years.
The role and status of Donjung of Hoedong village in Dongnae county of Busan in the 1970s after liberation 1945
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Son Suk-Kyung
Published: May 2024

This research aims to illuminate the role of Hoedong village in Dongjung and its associated changes until the 1970s after liberation. Dongjung, which have a long history, has been discussed its role and status in the village, taking over public services until the industrialization era after liberation. Although Hoedong village is considered as a local elite village, its appearance does not represent its status, so we can see it as a typical example of local elite village. In this village, the records of Dongjung have been passed down, Especially the records in 1907 to 1975 are valuable, as they shed light on the post-liberation situation with a broader context, providing valuable insights.
After its establishment in the late Joseon Dynasty, Dongjung in Hoedong village was reorganized in 1907 and served its role as the focal point of the village. This role continued after liberation, but began to change from the mid-1960s, ultimately being disorganized in 1976. Dongjung played a significant role in generating income for the village by acquiring new assets while also directly engaging in the village's management. Additionally, it played a certain role in addressing various policy matters after liberation.
After urbanization underwent from the mid-1960s and the village office took on the official duties of the state within a modern administrative system, Dongjung underwent a transformation, carrying out another role related to the order and operation of the village community. As a result, in 1976, Dongjung underwent a process of disorganizition and was reorganized into a new form of organization. Therefore, this study can be considered extremely valuable as a case study that illuminate the role and status of Dongjung in the new changes and situations after liberation.
Effectiveness of training in different types of sports games by the applicants of higher education
Authors:   National aerospace university «Kharkiv aviation institute», Riadova Liliana , Korchagin Mukola ,   Yaroslav Mudryi National law university, Mkrtichian Oksana ,   Semen Kuznets Kharkiv national university of economics, Konovalov Volodymyr ,   Kharkiv national university of radio electronics
Published: May 2024

The modern society is increasingly paying attention to the healthy lifestyles and the motor activity, especially among the students, who are one of the most vulnerable segments of the population. Higher education, as an important stage in the formation of a personality, requires a comprehensive approach to the development of the applicants. In this context, the study of the effectiveness of different types of sports games among students is of particular importance. Given the variety of sports games, an analysis of the effectiveness of training in different types of Olympic sports games by higher education students can help to formulate recommendations for choosing the best sports for students, taking into account their individual characteristics. The purpose of the study: to study the impact of training in various types of Olympic sports on the physical, functional and psychological state, social adaptation, cognitive functions and leadership qualities of higher education students. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalisation of scientific and methodological literature. Results of the study. The paper examines the impact of football, basketball, volleyball, handball, rugby, baseball, water polo, hockey, softball, tennis, table tennis and badminton on health, fitness and performance, physical and functional state of systems and analysers, psychological state, social adaptation, cognitive functions and leadership qualities of higher education students. Conclusions. Training in various types of Olympic sports games has a significant impact on the physical, functional, psychological and cognitive state of the applicants of higher education. When choosing sports games for physical education classes by the applicants of higher education, it is important to take into account their age, health status, functional state of systems and analysers, level of physical fitness, individual preferences and characteristics, resistance to physical contact, motivation to study.
Diagnosis and management of a Colombian stallion with urospermia: case report
Authors: Edwin Ricardo Buitrago Horta , Andrea Catalina Mena Ovalle , Edwin Ricardo Buitrago Horta
Published: May 2024

Urospermia defined as the presence of urine in the ejaculate modifies the seminal environment and generates abnormalities in sperm motility, morphology and mortality as well as alterations in pH, BUN and creatinine of the ejaculate causing fertility problems for stallions. This pathology is caused by many factors that may involve nerve alterations, inflammatory conditions or intoxications and its treatment is based on the evolution of each patient with pharmacological and management alternatives. The objective of this report is to document the reproductive clinical findings, to discuss the treatment established and the possible causes in a case of urospermia of a Colombian stallion of 7 years whose motive of consultation was a yellow coloration in the ejaculate.
AAP Pediatric Coding Newsletter
™ June 2024 Quiz (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: May 2024

Quiz for AAPC Continuing Education Units
Quo Vadis Eksistensi Komisi Yudisial Sebagai Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Kostitusi Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 56/PUU-XX/2022
Authors: Ernawati Huroiroh  , Roychan Wahidur
Published: May 2024

Komisi Yudisial dibentuk sebagai konsekuensi politik hukum untuk membangun sistem check and balances dalam struktur kekuasaan kehakiman.namun eksistensi Komisi Yudisial sebagai pengawas kode etik dan perilaku hakim berubah setelah munculnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 005/PUU-IV/2006 dimana Hakim Konstitusi bukan bagian dari hakim yang dapat diawasi oleh Komisi Yudisial. saat ini pengawasan perilaku dan etika hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi dilakukan secara internal oleh badan yang yang disebut Majelis kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang bertugas untuk menegakkan kode etik dan pedoman perilaku hakim konstitusi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 56/PUU-XX/2022, Mahhkamah Konstitusi menolak keterlibatan Komisi Yudisial dalam hal apapun yang berkaitan dengan tugas dan fungsi dari hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi.