bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Radiomics of Peri‐Lesional Edema in T2‐FLAIR Subtraction Digital Images to Distinguish High‐Grade Glial Tumors From Brain Metastasis
Authors: Demirel Emin , Dilek Okan
Published: September 2024

Background

Differentiating high‐grade glioma (HGG) and isolated brain metastasis (BM) is important for determining appropriate treatment. Radiomics, utilizing quantitative imaging features, offers the potential for improved diagnostic accuracy in this context.

Purpose

To differentiate high‐grade (grade 4) glioma and BM using machine learning models from radiomics data obtained from T2‐FLAIR digital subtraction images and the peritumoral edema area.

Study Type

Retrospective.

Population

The study included 1287 patients. Of these, 602 were male and 685 were female. Of the 788 HGG patients included in the study, 702 had solitary masses. Of the 499 BM patients included in the study, 112 had solitary masses. Initially, the model was developed and tested on solitary masses. Subsequently, the model was developed and tested separately for all patients (solitary and multiple masses).

Field Strength/Sequence

Axial T2‐weighted fast spin‐echo sequence (T2WI) and T2‐weighted fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery sequence (T2‐FLAIR), using 1.5‐T and 3.0‐T scanners.

Assessment

Radiomic features were extracted from digitally subtracted T2‐FLAIR images in the area of peritumoral edema. The maximum relevance‐minimum redundancy (mRMR) method was then used for dimensionality reduction. The naive Bayes algorithm was used in model development. The interpretability of the model was explored using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP).

Statistical Tests

Chi‐square test, one‐way analysis of variance, and Kruskal–Wallis test were performed. The P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The performance metrics include area under curve (AUC), sensitivity (SENS), and specificity (SPEC).

Results

The mean age of HGG patients was 61.4 ± 13.2 years and 61.7 ± 12.2 years for BM patients. In the external validation cohort, the model achieved AUC: 0.991, SENS: 0.983, and SPEC: 0.922. The external cohort results for patients with solitary lesions were AUC: 0.987, SENS: 0.950, and SPEC: 0.922.

Data Conclusion

The artificial intelligence model, developed with radiomics data from the peritumoral edema area in T2‐FLAIR digital subtraction images, might be able to differentiate isolated BM from HGG.

Evidence Level

3

Technical Efficacy

Stage 2
Internationally qualified nurses' perspectives on transitioning specialty skills within Australia: A content analysis
Authors: Kurup Chanchal , Burston Adam Scott , Betihavas Vasiliki , Jacob Elisabeth Ruth
Published: September 2024

Aim

To explore internationally qualified nurses' perceptions regarding the facilitators and barriers to specialty skill transfer in Australia.

Design

The study utilised a descriptive research design with a cross‐sectional survey. Data were collected from July to September 2022.

Methods

A self‐designed survey was distributed through social media, snowballing and nursing professional organisations. The survey included six open‐ended questions which were analysed using thematic content analysis.

Results

Sixty‐three participants completed the open‐ended questions in the survey. The findings identified a range of facilitators (support, previous experience, self‐agency) and barriers (systems barriers, bias/discrimination, being undervalued, lack of trust) to skill transition.

Conclusion

Recognising and addressing facilitators and barriers, coupled with creating customised pathways for specialty skill integration, are essential for optimising the utilisation of specialised skills in internationally qualified nurses.

Impact

This study aims to explore the barriers and facilitators involved in maximising skill utilisation among internationally qualified nurses in Australia. Identifying these barriers and facilitators is essential for improving patient care, as it will guide the development of strategies for safe nursing service delivery and the optimisation of skill usage. These findings hold significant implications for policymakers, healthcare organisations and nurses, providing valuable insights into how to address these obstacles and capitalise on the factors that make skill transfer smoother and more effective.

Patient or Public Contribution

Sixty‐three internationally qualified nurses shared their experiences and opinions.
Titania Doped CDs as Effective CT‐DNA Binders: A Novel Fluorescent Probe via Green Synthesis
Authors: W. N Namrata , Joseph Neethu , Varghese Nikita , Varghese Meera , K. S Sreehari , Joy Francis , Nair Yamuna , B Manoj
Published: September 2024

Carbon dots (CDs), which belong to the class of zero‐dimensional carbon‐based nanomaterials, have garnered significant interest owing to their wide array of applications spanning from the electronics industry to the healthcare sector. This work employs a facile, inexpensive approach to synthesize green luminescent carbon dots (J‐10) from a potential medicinal plant named Justicia Wynaadensis by the one‐step hydrothermal method. A nanocomposite (JT‐10) of the CDs is prepared by adding TiO2 nanoparticles derived from green synthesis of Lavandula leaves. The J‐10 and JT‐10 are further characterized by X‐ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman analysis X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared techniques (FTIR), UV–vis spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL), and Fluorescence or PL lifetime analysis. The average size of synthesized CDs is 1.85 nm and exhibits an excitation‐dependent fluorescence nature at 320 nm. PL lifetime analysis of J‐10 and JT‐10 is calculated to be 5.80 and 2.84 ns respectively. Offering these unique optical properties and biocompatibility, the synthesised material is suitable for investigating their binding affinity and interaction mechanisms with DNA. The use of JT‐10 in DNA binding studies contributes to the development of sustainable and efficient nanomaterials for applications in biosensors, drug delivery, and gene therapy.
Single mom masters art of juggling work, school, parenting
Authors: May Rachel
Published: September 2024

It's 10 p.m. and Ashlyn Volz is doing her homework, the youngest of her three kids asleep on her lap.
Communication‐Efficient Distributed Estimation of Causal Effects With High‐Dimensional Data
Authors: Wang Xiaohan , Tong Jiayi , Peng Sida , Chen Yong , Ning Yang
Published: September 2024

We propose a communication‐efficient algorithm to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE), when the data are distributed across multiple sites and the number of covariates is possibly much larger than the sample size in each site. Our main idea is to calibrate the estimates of the propensity score and outcome models using some proper surrogate loss functions to approximately attain the desired covariate balancing property. We show that under possible model misspecification, our distributed covariate balancing propensity score estimator (disthdCBPS) can approximate the global estimator, obtained by pooling together the data from multiple sites, at a fast rate. Thus, our estimator remains consistent and asymptotically normal. In addition, when both the propensity score and the outcome models are correctly specified, the proposed estimator attains the semi‐parametric efficiency bound. We illustrate the empirical performance of the proposed method in both simulation and empirical studies.
Competing for Views and Students: The Implications of Platformization for Online Language Teaching
Authors: Wang Jinyan , Curran Nate Ming
Published: September 2024

Language teachers increasingly make use of digital platforms to find students, upload teaching material, give lessons, and promote themselves. This article examines the accounts of two popular English teachers from China on the social media platform Douyin and explores similarities and differences in the two teachers' self‐branding strategies. We suggest that the two teachers are emblematic of platform language teacherpreneurs: individuals who creatively utilize their previous experiences and self‐branding skills to promote themselves as language teachers on social media platforms and online language tutoring platforms. We argue that platformization holds important implications for TESOL, including not only for how language teachers construct their identities, but also for how we understand the category of language teacher in an age of ubiquitous social media.
Effect of birth type and sex on growth performance, wither height, humerus‐radius bone dimensions, humerus–ulna growth plate width and selected hormone profile in growing Gurcu goat kids
Authors: Boğa Kuru Buket , Akyüz Enes , Aydın Uğur , Kuru Mushap , Bektaşoğlu Fikret , Sezer Mert , Yıldız Uğur , Kırmızıbayrak Turgut
Published: September 2024

Objectives

In this study, the effects of sex and birth type on growth performance, withers height (WH), radiographic measurements and selected hormone profiles in Gurcu goat kids were investigated.

Methods

Twenty kids (single female = 5, single male = 5, twin female = 5, twin male = 5) were included in the study. Body weight (BW), WH, radiographic measurements (humerus length [HL], radius length [RL], proximal humerus epiphyseal plate width [HEP] and distal ulna epiphyseal plate width [UEP]) and biochemical analysis (for serum calcitonin, free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], growth hormone [GH] and insulin‐like growth factor‐I [IGF‐I]) were performed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 months of age.

Results

BW was significantly higher in males starting from the seventh month compared to females (p < 0.05). HL was higher in males at seventh (p = 0.009) and ninth (p = 0.033) months, whereas RL was lower in twins at the third month (p = 0.021). UEP was wider in males at seventh (p = 0.008) and ninth (p = 0.036) months. Closure of HEP was observed in 65% of kids by the 12th month. Calcitonin was lower in twins at third (p = 0.045) and fifth (p = 0.006) months, with changes observed due to group and time effects (p < 0.05), whereas other hormones only changed with time (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between BW, WH, HL, RL and IGF‐I. There was a negative correlation between BW, WH, HL, RL, IGF‐I and HEP, UEP, calcitonin, FT3, FT4, GH.

Conclusion

Sex and birth type in Gurcu goat kids may have an impact on growth performance, radiographic measurements and certain hormonal profiles.
Suspected paroxysmal dyskinesia in four small‐breed dogs: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis
Authors: Kim Minji , Cho Heesoo , Kim Unghui , Choen Sangkyung , Yun YoungMin , Song Woo‐Jin
Published: September 2024

This case report details the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis of paroxysmal dyskinesia (PD) in four small‐breed dogs, each weighing under 6 kg: A 7‐year‐old spayed female Pomeranian, an 8‐year‐old female mixed breed, a 1‐year‐old female Pomeranian and a 9‐year‐old castrated male Poodle. These dogs were referred to our hospital due to movement disorders. Diagnosis was facilitated by video recordings of the episodes, assessing motor activity, consciousness, episode duration, any pre‐ or post‐episodic behaviour as well as the presence of autonomic signs. Magnetic resonance imaging conducted on two of the dogs returned unremarkable results. Treatment trials included a gluten‐free diet for all four dogs, with two also receiving acetazolamide. This intervention led to a decrease in the frequency of abnormal movement in all patients. Our findings suggest that PD in dogs can be effectively diagnosed through detailed symptom description using videos and questionnaires. Furthermore, once diagnosed, a combination of nutritional and medical management can be beneficial.
‘De-Risking’, De-Banking and Denials of Bank Services: An Over-Compliance Dilemma?
Authors: de Koker Louis , Casanovas Pompeu
Published: September 2024

This chapter considers the impact of drivers of over-compliance or so-called ‘gold plating’ on decisions of banks to terminate or restrict relationships with customers and counterparts. It draws on a South African study of factors that influenced overly-conservative design of anti-money laundering and counter terrorist financing measures of South African banks in a rule-based context. It considers whether the identified drivers are still relevant in a risk-based context. The chapter concludes that the broad drivers remain relevant and that regulators that wish to limit risk-informed de-banking should avoid strengthening the drivers and consider how best to neutralise them.
Pharmaceutical metabolite identification in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and earthworms (Eisenia fetida) using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry and in silico spectral library
Authors: Fučík Jan , Fučík Stanislav , Rexroth Sascha , Sedlář Marian , Gargošová Helena Zlámalová , Mravcová Ludmila
Published: September 2024

Pharmaceuticals released into the aquatic and soil environments can be absorbed by plants and soil organisms, potentially leading to the formation of unknown metabolites that may negatively affect these organisms or contaminate the food chain. The aim of this study was to identify pharmaceutical metabolites through a triplet approach for metabolite structure prediction (software-based predictions, literature review, and known common metabolic pathways), followed by generating in silico mass spectral libraries and applying various mass spectrometry modes for untargeted LC-qTOF analysis. Therefore, Eisenia fetida and Lactuca sativa were exposed to a pharmaceutical mixture (atenolol, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, ketoprofen, sulfametoxazole, tetracycline) under hydroponic and soil conditions at environmentally relevant concentrations. Samples collected at different time points were extracted using QuEChERS and analyzed with LC-qTOF in data-dependent (DDA) and data-independent (DIA) acquisition modes, applying both positive and negative electrospray ionization. The triplet approach for metabolite structure prediction yielded a total of 3762 pharmaceutical metabolites, and an in silico mass spectral library was created based on these predicted metabolites. This approach resulted in the identification of 26 statistically significant metabolites (p < 0.05), with DDA + and DDA − outperforming DIA modes by successfully detecting 56/67 sample type:metabolite combinations. Lettuce roots had the highest metabolite count (26), followed by leaves (6) and earthworms (2). Despite the lower metabolite count, earthworms showed the highest peak intensities, closely followed by roots, with leaves displaying the lowest intensities. Common metabolic reactions observed included hydroxylation, decarboxylation, acetylation, and glucosidation, with ketoprofen-related metabolites being the most prevalent, totaling 12 distinct metabolites. In conclusion, we developed a high-throughput workflow combining open-source software with LC-HRMS for identifying unknown metabolites across various sample types.

Graphical Abstract
Productive Tensions of Corporate Pride Partnerships: Towards a Relational Ethics of Constitutive Impurity
Authors: Christensen Jannick Friis , Just Sine N. , Schwarzkopf Stefan
Published: September 2024

Based on a qualitative study of Copenhagen 2021 WorldPride, this article explores collaboration between the local organiser and its corporate partners, focusing on the tensions involved in this collaboration, which emerge from and uphold relations between the extremes of unethical pinkwashing, on the one hand, and ethical purity, on the other. Here, pinkwashing is understood as a looming risk, and purity as an unrealizable ideal. As such, corporate sponsorships of Pride are conceptualized as inherently impure—and productive because of their very impurity rather than despite it. Analytically, we identify and explore three productive tensions where the first involves emergent normativities for what constitutes good, right, or proper corporate engagement in Pride, the second revolves around queer(ed) practices and products that open normativities, and the third centres on the role of internal LGBTI+ employee-driven networks whose activism pushes organisations to become further involved in Pride, developing aspirational solidarity. Reading across literatures on corporate activism and queer organisation, we introduce Alexis Shotwell’s notion of constitutive impurity to suggest that the potential for ethical corporate Pride partnerships arises when accepting the risk of pinkwashing rather than seeking to overcome it.
Spanish validation perceived ease of ICT among future early childhood education and primary school teachers
Authors: Aparicio-Flores María Pilar , Esteve-Faubel Rosa Pilar , Fernández-Sogorb Aitana , Gonzálvez Carolina
Published: September 2024

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has been increasing in education. Despite its benefits, not everyone perceives its use with the same ease. This raises the need to observe the perceived ease of use (PEOU) of ICT among future teachers, which requires a valid and reliable instrument to measure this variable for the Spanish population. The aim of this study is to validate PEOU among trainee early childhood education and primary education teachers studying at Spanish universities and observe the factorial invariance across gender. Two studies were conducted: the first study consisted of an Exploratory Factor Analysis with 474 students (Mage = 21.17; SD = 4.03), while the second study tested the scale based on 796 students (Mage = 21.25; SD = 3.99). The results found that PEOU is a valid and reliable measurement scale consisting of two factors (FI. Difficulty [α = 0.89] and FII. Ease [α = 0.81], and that there are no gender differences. In conclusion, it provides a scale to assess PEOU of ICT among the Spanish adult population.
Assessing Historical Landslide Risk Management Based on Trigger Magnitude and Consequences: A Case Study from the Rokko Mountains, Kobe, Japan
Authors: Sato Tadamichi , Shuin Yasuhiro
Published: September 2024

Landslides are a common hazard in mountainous regions, and many countries have implemented landslide risk management to mitigate their negative impacts. Assessing the effectiveness of those measures is important to improve technical and political decision-making and to enhance the selection and implementation of effective landslide risk management strategies. Here, we assessed effectiveness in landslide risk management based on the magnitude of rainfall characteristics that triggered landslides (inducing factor) and landslide consequences in the Rokko mountains, Kobe, Japan. The number of check dams was used as an indicator of progress in landslide risk management. For fatal landslide events in 1938 and 1967, rainfall characteristics that triggered landslides were estimated using the three-layer tank model, and their magnitude was quantified by the return period (RP). We then compared these rainfall magnitudes and landslide consequences (i.e., fatalities and completely collapsed houses) between the two events. The RP of the first tank storage layer value, which indicates rainfall characteristics triggering shallow landslides, was higher at landslides in 1967 than in 1938, whereas landslide consequences were less in 1967 than in 1938. 218 units of check dams were intensively constructed by landslide risk management from 1938 to 1967 and reduced the damage from landslides in 1967 that were triggered by higher magnitude rainfall than in 1938. This study also highlighted the importance of focusing on the magnitude of the inducing factor and landslide consequences to assess the effectiveness of landslide risk management at a local scale.
Strategic placement of volunteer responder system defibrillators
Authors: Buter Robin , Nazarian Arthur , Koffijberg Hendrik , Hans Erwin W. , Stieglis Remy , Koster Rudolph W. , Demirtas Derya
Published: September 2024

Volunteer responder systems (VRS) alert and guide nearby lay rescuers towards the location of an emergency. An application of such a system is to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, where early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation with an automated external defibrillator (AED) are crucial for improving survival rates. However, many AEDs remain underutilized due to poor location choices, while other areas lack adequate AED coverage. In this paper, we present a comprehensive data-driven algorithmic approach to optimize deployment of (additional) public-access AEDs to be used in a VRS. Alongside a binary integer programming (BIP) formulation, we consider two heuristic methods, namely Greedy and Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP), to solve the gradual Maximal Covering Location (MCLP) problem with partial coverage for AED deployment. We develop realistic gradually decreasing coverage functions for volunteers going on foot, by bike, or by car. A spatial probability distribution of cardiac arrest is estimated using kernel density estimation to be used as input for the models and to evaluate the solutions. We apply our approach to 29 real-world instances (municipalities) in the Netherlands. We show that GRASP can obtain near-optimal solutions for large problem instances in significantly less time than the exact method. The results indicate that relocating existing AEDs improves the weighted average coverage from 36% to 49% across all municipalities, with relative improvements ranging from 1% to 175%. For most municipalities, strategically placing 5 to 10 additional AEDs can already provide substantial improvements.
Adalimumab to treat noninfectious pediatric chronic anterior uveitis: a case series
Authors: Ruiz-Lozano Raul E. , Mousa Hazem M. , Soifer Matias , Azar Nadim S. , Quiroga-Garza Manuel E. , Dzhaber Daliya , Murillo Sofia , Song Ailin , Rabinovich C. Egla , Perez Victor L.
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Evaluate the response to adalimumab (ADA) in pediatric chronic anterior uveitis (pCAU).

Methods

Retrospective chart review of pCAU patients treated with ADA. Outcomes evaluated included the proportion of patients achieving zero ocular inflammation and discontinuation of topical corticosteroids, visual outcomes, and incidence of uveitis recurrences after ≥ 12 months of prescribing ADA. Incidence and risk factors for developing anti-adalimumab antibodies (AAAs) were also evaluated.

Results

Of 27 children aged 11 years, 16 (59%) were Caucasian and 6 (22%) African Americans. Thirteen (48%) patients had idiopathic pCAU, 12 (44%) had juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) related pCAU, and 2 (7%) had tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome. At baseline, African American children had worse visual acuity (p = 0.026). At 1 year, 21 (78%) children achieved zero ocular inflammation (remission). Risk factors associated with non-remission were being African American (20% vs. 94%, p = 0.003) and experiencing ≥ 1 episode of uveitis recurrence (100% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Six episodes of uveitis recurrence were documented in five children, four of whom were African American. Topical corticosteroids were discontinued in 83% of children, and visual acuity remained stable for 1 year. Twelve children were tested for AAAs due to arthritis or uveitis flare-ups, with five (42%) being positive. No significant factors were associated with the development of AAAs.

Conclusions

We found that ADA is effective in controlling inflammation, reducing the need for topical corticosteroids, and maintaining visual acuity in pCAU. There appears to be racial differences in African American children who had worse baseline disease and poorer outcomes. Studies are necessary to understand better and address these disparities.
Impact of Gambling on the Internet on Middle-Term and Long-Term Recovery from Gambling Disorder: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Challet-Bouju Gaëlle , Caillon Julie , Leboucher Juliette , Thiabaud Elsa , Saillard Anaïs , Balem Marianne , Grall-Bronnec Marie
Published: September 2024

Online gamblers are more likely to experience gambling problems. The main objective was to compare the frequency of recovery one (middle-term) and two (long-term) years after treatment initiation, according to the gambling medium (Internet vs. land-based gambling). The secondary objectives were (i) to compare online and offline gamblers at inclusion and (ii) to investigate whether the gambling medium was a predictive factor of recovery. Outpatients beginning treatment for a GD (n = 237) were assessed at inclusion (treatment initiation) and after 1 and 2 years. Bivariate analyses were performed to compare online and offline gamblers at inclusion and on the frequency of recovery at one and two years. Two multivariate logistic regressions were then performed to identify factors associated with middle- and long-term recovery. The majority of patients achieved middle (74.2%) and long-term (78.9%) recovery, with no difference between online and offline gamblers. The gambling medium was not a predictive factor of recovery. Patients with a higher perceived self-efficacy (OR = 1.04 [1.01–1.07], p = .046) and having no history of mood disorders (OR = 11.18 [2.53–49.50], p < .001) at inclusion were more likely to achieve middle-term recovery, while long-term recovery was associated with a lower level of sensation seeking (OR = 0.67 [0.48–0.92], p = .015) at treatment initiation. Online gambling did not seem to influence middle- and long-term recovery compared to offline gambling. Enhancement of perceived self-efficacy and treatment of mood disorders, and treatment strategies focused on sensation-seeking may represent helpful care strategies for favouring achievement of middle-term recovery and maintenance of long-term recovery, respectively. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01248767, date of first registration: November 25, 2010.
MHD Mixed Convection Flow Over a Permeable Vertical Flat Plate Embedded in a Darcy–Forchheimer Porous Medium
Authors: Merkin John H. , Roșca Natalia C. , Roșca Alin V. , Pop Ioan
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this paper is to describe the stead MHD mixed convection flow over a permeable vertical flat plate embedded in a Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium. Using appropriate similarity variables, the partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary (similar) differential equations, which are numerically solved using the bvp4c function in MATLAB. The numerical results are used to present graphically and in tables, illustrations of the reduced skin friction, reduced Nusselt number, velocity, and temperature profiles. Dual (upper and lower branch) solutions are discovered in this exciting analysis. Although numerous studies on the mixed convection past a vertical plate embedded in a fluid-saturated porous medium exist, none of the researchers have focused on the Darcy–Forchheimer flow with asymptotic solutions. The behavior of the flow and heat transfer has been thoroughly analyzed with the variations in governing parameters, such as Darcy–Forchheimer $$G,$$

G
,

suction/injection $$S$$
S
, MHD $$M,$$

M
,

and mixed convection $$\lambda$$
λ
parameters.
Determination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index in dogs with leptospirosis
Authors: Durán-Galea A. , Cristóbal-Verdejo J. I. , Macías-García B. , Nicolás-Barceló P. , Barrera-Chacón R. , Ruiz-Tapia P. , Zaragoza-Bayle M. C. , Duque-Carrasco F. J.
Published: September 2024

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonosis with multisystemic involvement in canine species, capable of causing a pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (LPHS) in the most severe cases. In humans, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelets to lymphocytes (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) have been described as predictors of morbidity and mortality in various pathologies, but no such studies have been developed for canine leptospirosis. Hence, we aimed to assess the usefulness of NLR, PLR and SII in dogs affected with leptospirosis, focusing on those that died or survived after hospitalization, whether or not they developed LPHS. The leptospirosis group was composed by 36 dogs while the control group consisted of 32 healthy dogs. The NLR, associated with inflammation, demonstrated a threefold or greater increase in all leptospirosis groups compared to the control group (median 2.44 ± 1.66) (developing or not LPHS). Dogs that died (median 67.78 ± 158.67), developed LHPS (median 85.17 ± 143.77), or both developed LHPS and died (median 67.78 ± 155,14) had a lower PLR in comparison to the control group (median 101,82 ± 53,75) and the rest of groups, but no statistically significant differences were observed (p > 0.05). The SII was higher in leptospirosis-affected dogs that survived (median 1356,92 ± 2726,29) and statistically significant differences were observed in those who did not develop LPHS (median 1770,41 ± 2630,77; p < 0.05) compared to the control group (median 555,21 ± 313,26). Our data shows that NLR may be used as inflammation indicator, while more studies are needed for PLR and SII in canine leptospirosis.
Exploring the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease: An Educational Literature Review
Authors: Moawad Mostafa Hossam El Din , Serag Ibrahim , Alkhawaldeh Ibraheem M. , Abbas Abdallah , Sharaf Abdulrahman , Alsalah Sumaya , Sadeq Mohammed Ahmed , Shalaby Mahmoud Mohamed Mohamed , Hefnawy Mahmoud Tarek , Abouzid Mohamed , Meshref Mostafa
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) presents a significant challenge to global health. It is characterized by progressive cognitive deterioration and increased rates of morbidity and mortality among older adults. Among the various pathophysiologies of AD, mitochondrial dysfunction, encompassing conditions such as increased reactive oxygen production, dysregulated calcium homeostasis, and impaired mitochondrial dynamics, plays a pivotal role. This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, focusing on aspects such as glucose metabolism impairment, mitochondrial bioenergetics, calcium signaling, protein tau and amyloid-beta-associated synapse dysfunction, mitophagy, aging, inflammation, mitochondrial DNA, mitochondria-localized microRNAs, genetics, hormones, and the electron transport chain and Krebs cycle. While lecanemab is the only FDA-approved medication to treat AD, we explore various therapeutic modalities for mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, including antioxidant drugs, antidiabetic agents, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (FDA-approved to manage symptoms), nutritional supplements, natural products, phenylpropanoids, vaccines, exercise, and other potential treatments.
Pearls and Pitfalls of Epicardial Echocardiography for Implantation of Impella CP Devices in Ovine Models
Authors: Yastrebov Konstantin , Brunel Laurencie M. , Schnitzler Fiona C. , Partel Lisa M. , Paterson Hugh S. , Bannon Paul G.
Published: September 2024

The Impella CP is a percutaneously inserted temporary left ventricular assist device used in clinical practice and in translational research into cardiogenic shock, perioperative cardiac surgery, acute cardiac failure and mechanical circulatory support. Fluoroscopic guidance is usually used for insertion of an Impella, thus limiting insertion to within catheterization laboratories. Transthoracic, transoesophageal and intracardiac echocardiography have been reported to guide Impella CP implantation with identified specific limitations stemming from the surgical, anatomical and equipment factors. We conducted translational prospective descriptive feasibility investigation as a part of two other hemodynamic Impella studies. It showed the successful application of epicardial echocardiographic scanning for implantation of Impella CP devices in ovine models, from which details of the technique and identified pitfalls are described with practical solutions for future investigators and clinicians. Many described findings are relevant to any other echocardiographic techniques when adequate imaging of the Impella and relevant anatomical structures is achievable.

Graphical Abstract
Indonesian local second-hand clothing: mindful consumption with stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model
Authors: Ilmalhaq Arina , Pradana Mahir , Rubiyanti Nurafni
Published: September 2024

The high demand for the fashion industry currently results in the emergence of the fast fashion phenomenon, prompting consumers to spend more money on unnecessary clothing. This leads to excessive clothing production, which impacts pollution, waste, and emissions. The phenomenon of excessive fashion consumption and production can be mitigated by utilizing second-hand clothing products. Purchasing second-hand clothing products can be classified as part of mindful consumption behavior. The aim of this study is to examine the direct and indirect effects of Electronic Word of Mouth on mindful consumption behavior in the context of local second-hand clothing purchases. Additionally, this study also tests the mediating effects of consumer engagement and environmental attitudes. This research is quantitative in nature, employing data collection through questionnaires from local second-hand clothing consumers within the active workforce demographic (aged 18–59) in Indonesia, yielding 205 respondents. The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS). The research findings indicate a significant positive direct influence of Electronic Word of Mouth on environmental attitudes, consumer engagement, and mindful consumption behavior. Moreover, there is a notable positive direct influence between consumer engagement and mindful consumption behavior, while no significant influence is found in the relationship between environmental attitudes and mindful consumption behavior. Furthermore, the study confirms the mediating effect of consumer engagement between Electronic Word of Mouth and mindful consumption behavior but does not support a significant mediating effect of environmental attitudes on local second-hand clothing mindful consumption behavior.
One goodness, many goodnesses, and the Divine Ideas Imitation Theory
Authors: Jeffrey Anne , Ward Thomas M.
Published: September 2024

Some theories of goodness are descriptively rich: they have much to say about what makes things good. Neo-Aristotelian accounts, for instance, detail the various features that make a human being, a dog, a bee good relative to facts about those forms of life. Famously, such theories of relative goodness tend to be comparatively poor: they have little or nothing to say about what makes one kind of being better than another kind. Other theories of goodness – those that take there to be absolute goodness – are comparatively rich: they offer grounds for judging some types of things better than others because they have more absolute goodness. Moorean accounts, for example, can tell us that humans and human experiences are superior to bees and blades of grass. But such theories tend to be descriptively poor: they struggle to tell us in virtue of what this is so. In this article we motivate and flesh out a view that splits the difference between accounts of goodness as relative and accounts of goodness as absolute. Such a view holds promise only if the mechanics of this kind of metaphysics of goodness can be worked out. Here we present a view on which the paradigm for absolute goodness is God and the paradigm for each kind of relative goodness is a divine idea.
Aussagepsychologische Begutachtung in Zeiten von ChatGPT
Authors: Jäckel Paul K. , Keller Gil , Popp Melina , Herold Karina , Posten Ann-Christin
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung: Der Beitrag untersucht Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Vorbereitung einer aussagenden Person auf eine aussagepsychologische Begutachtung mittels ChatGPT, einem populären Chatbot auf Basis künstlicher Intelligenz. Dafür wurden allgemeine und spezifische Fragen an ChatGPT-3.5 gestellt, um dessen Wissensstand über die Begutachtung, eine glaubhafte Darstellung im Allgemeinen, wiederentdeckte Erinnerungen, Übertragungswissen und erfolgreiches Lügen zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ChatGPT-3.5 zwar über grundlegende Kenntnisse über die aussagepsychologische Begutachtung verfügt. Beispielsweise betont der Chatbot die Bedeutung von konsistenten und detaillierten Aussagen. Über ein tieferes Sachverständnis verfügt ChatGPT-3.5 hingegen nicht. Insbesondere bei Fragen zu einer glaubhaften Darstellung und wiederentdeckten Erinnerungen neigt der Chatbot zu vereinfachten bis inkorrekten Aussagen. Es kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass ChatGPT-3.5 zwar für eine oberflächliche Informationsbeschaffung zur Vorbereitung auf eine aussagepsychologische Begutachtung genutzt werden kann. Tiefe oder gar kritische Einblicke in die Begutachtungsmethodik kann der Chatbot jedoch nicht geben. Die Implikationen und Limitationen des Beitrags werden abschließend diskutiert.
Volunteers Track Parisian Pollution with the Help of Tree Bark
Authors: Stanley Sarah
Published: September 2024

Participants in the Ecorc’Air project are using magnetic particles deposited on tree bark to reveal local traffic pollution patterns.
The Effect of Nitrogen on the Dihedral Angle Between Fe−Ni Melt and Ringwoodite: Implications for the Nitrogen Deficit in the Bulk Silicate Earth
Authors: Tsuno Kyusei , Grewal Damanveer S. , Xu Virginia , Leinbach Logan , Leinenweber Kurt , Wittmann Axel , Shim Sang‐Heon
Published: September 2024

Nitrogen (N) is extremely depleted in the bulk silicate Earth (BSE). However, whether the silicate magma ocean was as N‐poor as the present‐day BSE is unknown. We performed multi‐anvil experiments at 20 GPa and 1,673−2,073 K to determine the dihedral angle of Fe−Ni−N alloy melt in ringwoodite matrix to investigate whether percolation of Fe‐rich alloy melt in the solid mantle can explain N depletion in the BSE. The dihedral angles ranged from 112° to 137°, surpassing the wetting boundary. Our experiments suggest that N removal from the mantle by percolation of Fe‐rich alloy melt to the Earth's core is unlikely. Therefore, besides N loss to space during planetesimal and planetary differentiation, as well as its segregation into the Earth core, the stranded Fe‐rich metal in the deep mantle could be a hidden N reservoir, contributing to the anomalous depletion of N in the observable BSE.
Isolation of a NHC-stabilized heavier nitrile and its conversion into an isonitrile analogue
Authors: Doleschal Martin E. , Kostenko Arseni , Liu Jin Yu , Inoue Shigeyoshi
Published: September 2024

Nitriles (R–C≡N) have been investigated since the late eighteenth century and are ubiquitous encounters in organic and inorganic syntheses. In contrast, heavier nitriles, which contain the heavier analogues of carbon and nitrogen, are sparsely investigated species. Here we report the synthesis and isolation of a phosphino-silylene featuring an N-heterocyclic carbene-phosphinidene and a highly sterically demanding silyl group as substituents. Due to its unique structural motif, it can be regarded as a Lewis base-stabilized heavier nitrile. The Si–P bond displays multiple bond character and a bent R–Si–P geometry, the latter indicating fundamental differences between heavier and classical nitriles. In solution, a quantitative unusual rearrangement to a phosphasilenylidene occurs. This rearrangement is consistent with theoretical predictions of rearrangements from heavier nitriles to heavier isonitriles. Our preliminary reactivity studies revealed that both isomers exhibit highly nucleophilic silicon centres capable of oxidative addition and coordination to iron tetracarbonyl.
Computer vision and statistical insights into cycling near miss dynamics
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Across the globe, many transport bodies are advocating for increased cycling due to its health and environmental benefits. Yet, the real and perceived dangers of urban cycling remain obstacles. While serious injuries and fatalities in cycling are infrequent, “near misses”-events where a person on a bike is forced to avoid a potential crash or is unsettled by a close vehicle-are more prevalent. To understand these occurrences, researchers have turned to naturalistic studies, attaching various sensors like video cameras to bikes or cyclists. This sensor data holds the potential to unravel the risks cyclists face. Still, the sheer amount of video data often demands manual processing, limiting the scope of such studies. In this paper, we unveil a cutting-edge computer vision framework tailored for automated near-miss video analysis and for detecting various associated risk factors. Additionally, the framework can understand the statistical significance of various risk factors, providing a comprehensive understanding of the issues faced by cyclists. We shed light on the pronounced effects of factors like glare, vehicle and pedestrian presence, examining their roles in near misses through Granger causality with varied time lags. This framework enables the automated detection of multiple factors and understanding their significant weight, thus enhancing the efficiency and scope of naturalistic cycling studies. As future work, this research opens the possibility of integrating this AI framework into edge sensors through embedded AI, enabling real-time analysis.
Amine functional reactive coalescing agents (RCA) for emission-free waterborne paints and coatings
Authors: Krishnan Ranganathan , Kaur Jagjit , Ramalingam Balamurugan , Jana Satyasankar
Published: September 2024

Acid–base interactions have been utilized in designing new amine-functional reactive coalescing agents (RCAs), making them ideal for producing VOC-free and emission-free waterborne coatings.
Transition metal Si-chalcogenides: a new two-dimensional anode material for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Yeoh K. H. , Chang Y. H. R. , Chew K.-H. , Ong D. S. , Dee C. F. , Goh B. T. , Chang E. Y. , Yu H. W.
Published: September 2024

Using the first-principles method, the electronic, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of 2D Ta2Se2Si, Ta2S2Si, and Nb2Se2Si as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries are evaluated.
Graph-based analysis of H-bond networks and unsupervised learning reveal conformational coupling in prion peptide segments
Authors: Omwansu Wycliffe , Musembi Robinson , Derese Solomon
Published: September 2024

Graph-based analysis to model hydrogen-bond networks in prion peptide segments, representing residues as nodes and H-bonds as edges. Unsupervised learning is applied to identify patterns of conformational coupling within these networks.
Advanced electrolytes for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Wei Jie , Zhang Pengbo , Sun Jingjie , Liu Yuzhu , Li Fajun , Xu Haifeng , Ye Ruquan , Tie Zuoxiu , Sun Lin , Jin Zhong
Published: September 2024

This review presents an comprehensive overview of various advanced aqueous electrolytes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries, including “water-in-salt” electrolytes, aqueous eutectic electrolytes, molecular crowding electrolytes, and hydrogel electrolytes.
A biphase coupled cathode enables all-organic rocking-chair lithium ion batteries based on crystalline AB-stacked covalent triazine-based frameworks
Authors: Yan Xiaorong , Zhao Guoqing , Wu Chuanguang , Dai Yujie , Xiong Jiakui , Wang Xinyu , Yu Haiping , Wang Zhihui , Li Rui , Liu Jingru , Hu Mingjun , Yang Jun
Published: September 2024

Crystalline AB-stacked CTFs were synthesized in the AlCl3–NaCl–KCl ternary eutectic salt system, and a CTF-based biphase coupled cathode (BPCC) has been proposed and proved to show significantly enhanced electrochemical performance.
Development of a urea-bond cleavage reaction induced by nitric oxide for fluorescence imaging
Authors: Zhang Yuqing , Wang Shushu , Zhang Lina , Peng Tao
Published: September 2024

A NO-induced urea-bond cleavage reaction is developed and utilized to generally construct fluorescent probes for imaging NO in living systems.
Modified Cranial Closing Wedge Osteotomy (AMA-Based CCWO) to Treat Cranial Cruciate Ligament Deficient Stifle in 204 Dogs Over 50 Kg: Magnitude of the Craniocaudal Angulation of the Proximal Tibia and Rate of Surgical Site Infection
Authors: Guénégo Laurent , Vezzoni Aldo , Vezzoni Luca
Published: September 2024

Objectives The aim of this retrospective study was to report the magnitude of the craniocaudal angulation of the proximal tibia (CCAPT) quantified by the angle between the anatomical axis (AA) and the mechanical axis (MA), called the AMA angle, and the tibial plateau angle (TPA) in dogs >50 kg that were treated by cranial closing wedge osteotomy based on the AMA angle (AMA-based CCWO). Furthermore, the percentage of dogs in which the AA and MA could be aligned postoperatively and the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) were reported.

Study Design Medical records (between January 2016 and September 2023) were reviewed for 204 dogs that had AMA-based CCWO stabilized with a double locking plate (DLP) fixation with or without joint exploration plus a Robert Jones bandage (RJB) and were given postoperative antibiotics.

Results The median (range) preoperative AMA angle and TPA were 3.1° (0–5.1°) and 30° (22–49.6°), respectively, and the postoperative AMA angle and TPA were 0° (−2.4 to 1.6°) and 9.2° (4–15°), respectively. The AA and MA were aligned in 82% of dogs. Grade 4 healing occurred in all osteotomies by 8 weeks postoperatively. Except for one dog, no SSIs were recorded.

Conclusion Concerning the magnitude of CCAPT in dogs >50 kg and the low SSI rate, AMA-based CCWO stabilized with a DLP fixation plus an RJB and postoperative antibiotics should be considered for treating cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles in this subset of dogs.
Influence of public health emergency on city image: the case of COVID-19 stigma on Wuhan city
Authors: Wang Shanghao , Zheng Xuan
Published: September 2024

This study explored the influence of COVID-19 stigma on the city image of Wuhan by adopting the associative group analysis method. The collected data were free associations of the word “Wuhan” from 39 non-Chinese participants residing outside of China. It found that there were 12 meaning categories related to the city image of Wuhan, half of which were related to COVID-19, and the other half were related to Wuhan city. 56.45% of the associated words were related to COVID-19 and 43.55% to Wuhan city. The results demonstrated that the city image of Wuhan was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, mediated by personal experience and perceived media reports. The associated words have constructed a “Wuhan-COVID-19” stereotype, including “Wuhan-birthplace of COVID” and “Wuhan-eating wild animals”. This reflected that the city image of Wuhan endured stigma in the global community. The study provided implications for eliminating stigma and reconstructing group relationships in the global community.
Hierarchical bound states in heat transport
Authors: Yang Shuihua , Xu Guoqiang , Zhou Xue , Li Jiaxin , Kong Xianghong , Zhou Chenglong , Fan Haiyan , Chen Jianfeng , Qiu Cheng-Wei
Published: September 2024

Higher-order topological phases in non-Hermitian photonics revolutionize the understanding of wave propagation and modulation, which lead to hierarchical states in open systems. However, intrinsic insulating properties endorsed by the lattice symmetry of photonic crystals fundamentally confine the robust transport only at explicit system boundaries, letting alone the flexible reconfiguration in hierarchical states at arbitrary positions. Here, we report a dynamic topological platform for creating the reconfigurable hierarchical bound states in heat transport systems and observe the robust and nonlocalized higher-order states in both the real- and imaginary-valued bands. Our experiments showcase that the hierarchical features of zero-dimension corner and nontrivial edge modes occur at tailored positions within the system bulk states instead of the explicit system boundaries. Our findings uncover the mechanism of non-localized hierarchical non-trivial topological states and offer distinct paradigms for diffusive transport field management.