bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colchicine: An Ancient Drug with Multiple Benefits
Authors: El Hasbani Georges , Jawad Ali , Uthman Imad
Published: October 2020

The history of colchicine dates to ancient Egyptians when it was used for alleviation of swelling and
pain. Although its popularity varied throughout the years, colchicine has been a mainstay for the treatment of
several diseases, mainly rheumatic and cardiac ones. The mechanism of action of the drug involves several intracellular
and extracellular targets, although interaction with tubulin is the most described. Based on several
clinical trials and meta-analyses, colchicine is safely recommended as a monotherapy or as an add-on for the
treatment and prevention of recurrent pericarditis, post-pericardiotomy syndrome, gout, pseudogout, familial
Mediterranean fever (FMF), and Behçet’s disease (BD). Notably, drug safety has been noted during pregnancy
and lactation. Besides its major indications, colchicine has shown efficacy and safety in the treatment of various
conditions. Because the indications for using colchicine in the prevention of certain conditions such as
acute coronary syndrome, stroke, and hepatic cirrhosis and treatment of others such as pneumonia and psoriasis
are still debatable, further research works are needed.
Correlative Study of Bone-related Biochemicals and Endocrine Changes in Perimenopausal Women in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Ikegwuonu Chinwe Ifeoma , Uchendu Ikenna Kingsley , Maduka Chukwudi Ignatius
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective:

Perimenopause is a physiological occurrence in women,
and is characterized by endocrine and biochemical changes. During perimenopause phase, many
derangements or abnormal health conditions start developing as a result of hormonal changes.
These derangements in health conditions and biochemical changes lead to higher incidence of
metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurrence with or without bone involvement. There is a scarcity of
information on MetS in Enugu, Southern Nigeria and there is no available data on the correlation
of selected bone-related biochemicals with endocrine parameters and MetS in perimenopausal
women from the region.

Material and Methods:

We consecutively sampled 200 apparently healthy women, and
categorized them into 120 perimenopausal women (age (x) = 50years) and a second group of 80
women in premenopause (age (x) = 35years). Measurement of anthropometric indices like blood
pressure, height, weight and waist circumference were taken. Fasting blood samples were collected
for the estimation of endocrine parameters (estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and
luteinizing hormone (LH)) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The
lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), uric acid, inorganic phosphate, calcium and alkaline
phosphatase levels were determined using standard biochemical methods. The evaluation of MetS
was carried out in the women using the three different criteria: World Health Organization (WHO),
National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel 111 (NCEP-ATP 111) and
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). For statistical analysis, Student’s t-test, Pearson
correlation and Chi-square were used to compare categorical and continuous variables.

Results:

Calcium was predominantly high in the three criteria (p<0.05). LH and FSH showed a
positive correlation with FPG while E2 was negatively associated with FPG. Similarly, LH showed
a positive association with inorganic phosphate while E2 was negatively associated with alkaline
phosphatase (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Perimenopausal women are at higher risk of developing osteoporosis than
premenopausal women. This emphasizes the need for timely diagnosis of osteoporosis in
perimenopausal women.
It is Possible to Achieve Tablets With Good Tabletability From Solid Dispersions – The Case of the High Dose Drug Gemfibrozil
Authors: Bigogno Eduarda Rocha , Soares Luciano , Mews Matheus Henrique Ruela , Zétola Melissa , Bazzo Giovana Carolina , Stulzer Hellen Karine , Pezzini Bianca Ramos
Published: October 2020

Background:

Solid Dispersions (SDs) have been extensively used to increase the dissolution
of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, there are few studies exploring SDs properties that
must be considered during tablet development, like tabletability. Poorly water-soluble drugs with
poor compression properties and high therapeutic doses, like gemfibrozil, are an additional challenge
in the production of SDs-based tablets.

Objective:

This study evaluates the applicability of SDs to improve both tabletability and dissolution rate of gemfibrozil. A
SD-based tablet formulation was also proposed.

Methods:

SDs were prepared by ball milling, using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a
carrier, according to a 23 factorial design. The formulation variables were gemfibrozil:HPMC ratio,
milling speed, and milling time. The response in the factorial analysis was the tensile strength of
the compacted SDs. Dissolution rate and solid-state characterization of SDs were also performed.

Results:

SDs showed simultaneous drug dissolution enhancement and improved tabletability when compared to corresponding physical mixtures and gemfibrozil. The main variable influencing drug dissolution and tabletability was the gemfibrozil:HPMC ratio. Tablets containing gemfibrozil-HPMC-SD (1:0.250 w/w) and croscarmellose sodium showed fast and
complete drug release while those containing the same SD and sodium starch glycolate exhibited poor drug release due to
their prolonged disintegration time.

Conclusion:

SDs proved to be effective for simultaneously improving tabletability and dissolution profile of gemfibrozil.
Tablets containing gemfibrozil-HPMC-SD and croscarmellose sodium as disintegrating agent showed improved drug release and good mechanical strength, demonstrating the potential of HPMC-based SDs to simultaneously overcome the poor
dissolution and tabletability properties of this drug.
Effect of Estrogen and Progesterone Hormones on the Expression of Angiotensin II Receptors in the Heart and Aorta of Male Rats
Authors: Al-Trad Bahaa , Abo-Alrob Osama , Jaradat Yousf , Al Zoubi Mazhar , Alkarki Almuthanna K. , Aljabali Alaa A A , Qar Janti , Omari Sahar , Shehab Malek , Kanan Bahja
Published: October 2020

Background:

Activation of the Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) has been implicated
in the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular disease, while activation of Angiotensin II type 2 receptor
(AT2R) leads to effects that are opposite to those mediated by AT1R. The interaction between
female sex hormones and the renin-angiotensin system was proven to play an essential role in the
pathological changes in the cardiovascular system.

Objectives:

To investigate the direct effect of estrogen and progesterone on arterial and cardiac
AT1R and AT2R expression in vivo in male.

Method:

Male adult rats were assigned into four groups: Group 1 (control), group 2 (progesterone
treated group; 10mg/kg), group 3 (estrogen treated group; 20μg/kg) and group 4 (progesterone;
10mg/kg + estrogen; 20μg/kg treated group). All treatments were administrated subcutaneously every
second day for 21days.

Results:

Estrogen treatments increase the left ventricle (LV) protein expression of AT1R, and progesterone
treatment decreased the LV protein expression of AT2R. In the aorta, estrogen treatment
increased the mRNA expression levels of AT1R, while progesterone treatment increased the AT2R
mRNA expression levels. Estrogen treatment decreases the LV and aortic endothelial nitric-oxide
synthase (eNOS) mRNA levels while progesterone treatments decrease the LV eNOS mRNA levels
but increase the aortic eNOS mRNA levels. The serum angiotensin II levels were increased by
estrogen treatment only.

Conclusion:

Both estrogen and progesterone treatments appear to have a harmful effect on the
male rat hearts, possibly by increasing the protein expression of AT1R (for estrogen), decrease the
protein and mRNA expression of AT2R (for progesterone), and decrease the eNOS mRNA levels
(for both). However, it seems that progesterone but not estrogen exerts a vascular protective effect
in males.
Evaluation of the impact of motivation for work on the performance of lecturers using exploratory factor analysis and multi-linear regression model
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, Hanoi, Vietnam, et al. Bui
Published: October 2020

Motivation and performance are crucial factors regarding university success and students’ achievements. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of motivation to work on the performance of lecturers using exploratory factor analysis and multi-linear regression. Questionnaires were used to collect data from respondents. The data were analyzed by frequencies, percentages, means, Pearson’ Linear Correlation Coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and multi-linear regression model based on the survey data of 321 university lecturers at Vietnam National University, Hanoi. The research results show four factors that positively affect the performance of lecturers, including wages and other benefits, training and development, working environment, and working motivation. As a result, the study is the basis for making appropriate policies that contribute to enhance the motivation and performance of the lecturers.
Interrelationships Between Patients’ Data Tracking Practices, Data Sharing Practices, and Health Literacy: Onsite Survey Study
Authors: Luo Yuhan , Oh Chi Young , Jean Beth St , Choe Eun Kyoung
Published: October 2020

Background

Although the use of patient-generated data (PGD) in the optimization of patient care shows great promise, little is known about whether patients who track their PGD necessarily share the data with their clinicians. Meanwhile, health literacy—an important construct that captures an individual’s ability to manage their health and to engage with their health care providers—has often been neglected in prior studies focused on PGD tracking and sharing. To leverage the full potential of PGD, it is necessary to bridge the gap between patients’ data tracking and data sharing practices by first understanding the interrelationships between these practices and the factors contributing to these practices.

Objective

This study aims to systematically examine the interrelationships between PGD tracking practices, data sharing practices, and health literacy among individual patients.

Methods

We surveyed 109 patients at the time they met with a clinician at a university health center, unlike prior research that often examined patients’ retrospective experience after some time had passed since their clinic visit. The survey consisted of 39 questions asking patients about their PGD tracking and sharing practices based on their current clinical encounter. The survey also contained questions related to the participants’ health literacy. All the participants completed the survey on a tablet device. The onsite survey study enabled us to collect ecologically valid data based on patients’ immediate experiences situated within their clinic visit.

Results

We found no evidence that tracking PGD was related to self-reports of having sufficient information to manage one’s health; however, the number of data types participants tracked positively related to their self-assessed ability to actively engage with health care providers. Participants’ data tracking practices and their health literacy did not relate to their data sharing practices; however, their ability to engage with health care providers positively related to their willingness to share their data with clinicians in the future. Participants reported several benefits of, and barriers to, sharing their PGD with clinicians.

Conclusions

Although tracking PGD could help patients better engage with health care providers, it may not provide patients with sufficient information to manage their health. The gaps between tracking and sharing PGD with health care providers call for efforts to inform patients of how their data relate to their health and to facilitate efficient clinician-patient communication. To realize the full potential of PGD and to promote individuals’ health literacy, empowering patients to effectively track and share their PGD is important—both technologies and health care providers can play important roles.
Automated Smart Home Assessment to Support Pain Management: Multiple Methods Analysis
Authors: Fritz Roschelle L , Wilson Marian , Dermody Gordana , Schmitter-Edgecombe Maureen , Cook Diane J
Published: October 2020

Background

Poorly managed pain can lead to substance use disorders, depression, suicide, worsening health, and increased use of health services. Most pain assessments occur in clinical settings away from patients’ natural environments. Advances in smart home technology may allow observation of pain in the home setting. Smart homes recognizing human behaviors may be useful for quantifying functional pain interference, thereby creating new ways of assessing pain and supporting people living with pain.

Objective

This study aimed to determine if a smart home can detect pain-related behaviors to perform automated assessment and support intervention for persons with chronic pain.

Methods

A multiple methods, secondary data analysis was conducted using historic ambient sensor data and weekly nursing assessment data from 11 independent older adults reporting pain across 1-2 years of smart home monitoring. A qualitative approach was used to interpret sensor-based data of 27 unique pain events to support clinician-guided training of a machine learning model. A periodogram was used to calculate circadian rhythm strength, and a random forest containing 100 trees was employed to train a machine learning model to recognize pain-related behaviors. The model extracted 550 behavioral markers for each sensor-based data segment. These were treated as both a binary classification problem (event, control) and a regression problem.

Results

We found 13 clinically relevant behaviors, revealing 6 pain-related behavioral qualitative themes. Quantitative results were classified using a clinician-guided random forest technique that yielded a classification accuracy of 0.70, sensitivity of 0.72, specificity of 0.69, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.756, and area under the precision-recall curve of 0.777 in comparison to using standard anomaly detection techniques without clinician guidance (0.16 accuracy achieved; P<.001). The regression formulation achieved moderate correlation, with r=0.42.

Conclusions

Findings of this secondary data analysis reveal that a pain-assessing smart home may recognize pain-related behaviors. Utilizing clinicians’ real-world knowledge when developing pain-assessing machine learning models improves the model’s performance. A larger study focusing on pain-related behaviors is warranted to improve and test model performance.
Mobile Applications in Clinical and Perioperative Care for Anesthesia: Narrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Pan Sabrina , Rong Lisa Qia
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The increasing use of smartphones by providers and patients alike demonstrates that digital health utilizing mobile applications has the potential to transform perioperative care and education in anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE

This literature review describes the current scope of the use of mobile applications in anesthesiology.

METHODS

Literature was searched using PubMed, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov for articles published from January 1, 2010, through April 1, 2020. Only English language studies were included. Articles were included if they examined the use of a mobile health application in the setting of anesthesia or the perioperative (immediate preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative) period. Studies were excluded if they explored video interventions or did not examine the feasibility or efficacy of the mobile app.

RESULTS

We included 29 articles, and three areas of clinical functionality were identified: patient-centered care (preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative), systems-based improvement, and medical education. Several studies demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of mobile apps in these areas, but many are only tested for efficacy in simulated environments or with small patient samples

CONCLUSIONS

Mobile health applications show promise in improving communication between anesthesiologists, improving workflow efficiency, enhancing medical education, and reducing hospital costs. However, there is a need for validation and improvement before full implementation by the provider, patients, and hospital systems. Future studies are needed to demonstrate meaningful health outcomes to create guidelines and recommendations specific to the application of mobile technology to health care.
Digital Health Interventions in Physiotherapy: Development of Client and Health Care Provider Survey Instruments (Preprint)
Authors: Merolli Mark , Hinman Rana S , Lawford Belinda J , Choo Dawn , Gray Kathleen
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The advancement of digital health has widened the scope of technology use across multiple frontiers of health care services, including personalized therapeutics, mobile health, eHealth record management, and telehealth consultations. The World Health Organization (WHO) responded to this in 2018 by publishing an inaugural broad classification framework of digital health interventions (DHIs) used to address contemporary health system needs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the systematic development of dual survey instruments (clinician and patient) to support data collection, administered in a physiotherapy setting, about perceptions toward DHIs. This is achieved by adapting the WHO framework classification for DHIs for application in real-world research.

METHODS

Using a qualitative item review approach, WHO DHI descriptors were adapted and refined systematically to be used in a survey form. This approach was designed to align with the processes of delivering and receiving care in clinical practice, using musculoskeletal physiotherapy as a practical case scenario.

RESULTS

Complementary survey instruments (for health care providers and clients) were developed by adapting descriptor items. These instruments will be used in a larger study exploring the willingness of physiotherapists and patients to use digital technologies in the management of musculoskeletal conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

This study builds on the WHO-standardized DHI framework. We developed dual novel survey instruments by adapting and refining the functions of DHIs. These may be deployed to explore the perceived usefulness and application of DHIs for different clinical care functions. Researchers may wish to use these survey instruments to examine digital health use systematically in a variety of clinical fields or technology scenarios in a way that is standardized and generalizable.

CLINICALTRIAL
Analyzing the Impact of Healthy Behavior on Weight Change with a Provable Mathematical Model (Preprint)
Authors: Chatterjee Ayan , Bajpai Ram , Khatiwada Pankaj
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Lifestyle diseases are the primary cause of death worldwide. The gradual growth of negative behavior in humans due to physical inactivity, unhealthy habit, and improper nutrition expedites lifestyle diseases. In this study, we develop a mathematical model to analyze the impact of regular physical activity, healthy habits, and a proper diet on weight change, targeting obesity as a case study. Followed by, we design an algorithm for the verification of the proposed mathematical model with simulated data of artificial participants.

OBJECTIVE

This study intends to analyze the effect of healthy behavior (physical activity, healthy habits, and proper dietary pattern) on weight change with a proposed mathematical model and its verification with an algorithm where personalized habits are designed to change dynamically based on the rule.

METHODS

We developed a weight-change mathematical model as a function of activity, habit, and nutrition with the first law of thermodynamics, basal metabolic rate (BMR), total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), and body-mass-index (BMI) to establish a relationship between health behavior and weight change. Followed by, we verified the model with simulated data.

RESULTS

The proposed provable mathematical model showed a strong relationship between health behavior and weight change. We verified the mathematical model with the proposed algorithm using simulated data following the necessary constraints. The adoption of BMR and TDEE calculation following Harris-Benedict’s equation has increased the model's accuracy under defined settings.

CONCLUSIONS

This study helped us understand the impact of healthy behavior on obesity and overweight with numeric implications and the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle abstaining from negative behavior change.
Content and validity of claims made about Food Parenting Practices in UK online news articles: Qualitative analysis. (Preprint)
Authors: Patel Chloe , Walasek Lukasz , Karasouli Eleni , Meyer Caroline
Published: October 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Objective: The primary objective of the study was to qualitatively summarise the content of online news articles pertaining to food parenting practices and to determine whether this content is substantiated by the scientific literature in this field.
Method: News article data were identified and collected from UK online news published during 2010-2017 using the News on the Web corpus. A coding framework was used to categorise the content of news articles to identify food parenting practice related information. Further, claims made about FPPs were extracted from relevant news articles. A claim was defined as a statement that suggested or implied that there was a relationship between a food parenting practice and child or adult outcome. Each claim was then evaluated to determine the extent to which claims were supported by available scientific research evidence by the authors.
Results: The study identified ten claims across thirty-two relevant online news articles. Most news articles were published on ‘middle-market’ tabloid news sites (e.g., Daily Mail). Claims made across the news articles reported on the following food parenting practices: restriction, food-based threats and bribes, pressure to eat, and use of food to control negative emotions, food availability, food preparation, and meal and snack routines. No articles were published around food parenting practices aiming to promote child autonomy.
Conclusion: Eight out of the ten claims made did not refer to scientific research evidence. News articles frequently lack detail and information from scientific research to explain to readers why and how the use of certain food parenting practices might have a lasting impact on children’s health outcomes. The study also shows the lack of news media reporting on those food parenting practices known to be associated with healthy child outcomes such as nutrition education, and child involvement which may influence social norms and beliefs among parents. Given the influence that news media has on parents and their choice of parenting practices, the reporting of FPPs in news articles should aim to provide a balanced view of the published scientific evidence, and recognise the difficulties and barriers that prevent the use of helpful and healthy FPPs. The results of the study could be used to aid the structure of the dissemination of food parenting practice research findings in the media, inform public health education to influence perceptions of unhelpful food parenting practices and promote parental use of responsive food parenting practices.
Social Media and the Transformation of the Physician-Patient Relationship: Viewpoint (Preprint)
Authors: Forgie Ella M E , Lai Hollis , Cao Bo , Stroulia Eleni , Greenshaw Andrew J , Goez Helly
Published: October 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

As many as 80% of internet users seek health information online. The social determinants of health (SDoH) are intimately related to who has access to the internet and health care as a whole. Those who face more barriers to care are more likely to benefit from accessing health information online, assuming the information they are retrieving is accurate. Virtual communities on social media platforms are beginning to serve as venues for seeking health information online because peers have been shown to influence health behavior more than almost anything else. As a positive mediator of health, social media can be used as a direct or indirect mode of communication between physicians and patients, a venue for health promotion and health information, and a community support network. However, false or misleading content, social contagion, confirmation bias, and security and privacy concerns must be mitigated to realize the full potential of social media as a positive mediator of health. This paper presents the shifting dynamics of how such communities are affecting physician-patient relationships. With the intersections between the SDoH, social media, and health evolving, physicians must take into consideration these factors when establishing their relationships with patients. We argue a paradigm shift in the physician-patient relationship is warranted, one where physicians acknowledge the impacts of the SDoH on information-seeking behavior, recognize the positive and negative roles of social media as a mediator of health through the lens of the SDoH, and use social media to catalyze positive changes in the physician-patient relationship. We discuss how the physician-patient relationship must evolve to accommodate for the ever-increasing role of social media in health and to best use social media as a tool to improve health outcomes. Finally, we present a fluid and multicomponent diagram that we believe will assist in framing future research in this area. We conclude that it is ineffective and even counterproductive for physicians to ignore the relationship between social media, the SDoH and health, their impact on one another, and the effect it has on designing the medical encounter and the delivery of care under the definition of precision medicine.
Coping Styles for Mediating the Effect of Resilience on Depression Among Medical Students in Web-Based Classes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhao Lina , Sznajder Kristin , Cheng Dan , Wang Shimeng , Cui Can , Yang Xiaoshi
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Due to strict, nationwide, comprehensive COVID-19 protective measures, including home quarantine, all Chinese medical students began taking web-based classes beginning in the spring semester of 2020. Home quarantine, web-based classes, and the stress surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic may have triggered an increased incidence of mental health problems among medical students. Although there have been increasing amounts of literature on depression among medical students, studies focusing on positive psychological resources, such as resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, still need to be expanded.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess depression among medical students who are taking web-based classes during the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate the role of coping styles as mediators between resilience and depression.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study of 666 medical students involving stratified sampling in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China, was completed between March 20 and April 10, 2020. The participants responded to a self-administered, smartphone-based questionnaire, which included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Ego Resilience 89 Scale. Hierarchical linear regression and structural equation modeling were used in this study.

RESULTS

The prevalence of depression among the participants was 9.6% (64/666) in this study. The regression analysis revealed that grade (the year in which the medical student was in training) (P=.013), how well students adapted to web-based classes (P<.001), their levels of resilience (P=.04), and their coping styles were independent predictors for depression (P<.001). Resilience and positive coping styles were negatively related to depression (resilience: P=.04; positive coping styles: P<.001), and negative coping styles were positively related to depression (P<.001). The structural equation modeling analysis showed that the effect of resilience on depression was partially mediated by coping styles (P=.007).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, it was found that the prevalence of depression was slightly low and coping styles mediated the association between resilience and depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings have significant implications for future studies. Future studies and interventions should aim to improve resilience and promote positive coping styles.
Seks dan Modernitas: Transformasi Tempat Prostitusi Di Jawa Pada Abad XX
Authors: Syahfrullah Appridzani
Published: October 2020

Komersialisasi industri seks di Indonesia sudah berkembang sejak jaman kolonial. Pemerintah Belanda sejak abad IX telah mengeluarkan peraturan tentang komersialisasi industri seks yang dibatasi untuk wilayah Batavia, Semarang dan Surabaya. Indstri sex berkembang di daerah pusat transportasi seperti sekitar stasiun kereta api. Pada abad XX industri seks tersebut berkembang pesat karena tingginya migrasi orang Eropa akibat industrialisasi yang dikembangkan.

Kajian literatur sejarah menunjukkan bahwa para pekerja sex di Indonesia berasal dari berbagai negara seperti kaum bumiputera, Cina dan Jepang. Para pekerja seks dari Jepang mempunyai nilai paling tinggi, disusul pekerja sex dari Cina dan bumiputera. Pelanggan pekerja seks yang disenangi menurut para pramuria ialah para pendatang dari Eropa, kemudian orang Cina dan baru orang Bumiputra. Kategorisasi tempat prostitusi yang diidentifikasi pada saat itu adalah prostitusi di cafe-cafe, pelacuran jalanan, pelacuran di rumah bordil, lokalisasi, pelayanan oleh pembantu rumah tangga, pelayanan oleh wanita Belanda, prostitusi orang Eropa, dan prostitusi homoseksual. Berkembangnya prostusi adalah bagian dari fakta sejarah Indonesia yang disebabkan oleh tekanan ekonomi, tingkat literasi, cacat jiwa, sakit hati dan hiperseksual.
Emergence of the Born rule in quantum optics
Authors: Cour Brian R. La , Williamson Morgan C.
Published: October 2020

The Born rule provides a fundamental connection between theory and observation in quantum mechanics, yet its origin remains a mystery. We consider this problem within the context of quantum optics using only classical physics and the assumption of a quantum electrodynamic vacuum that is real rather than virtual. The connection to observation is made via classical intensity threshold detectors that are used as a simple, deterministic model of photon detection. By following standard experimental conventions of data analysis on discrete detection events, we show that this model is capable of reproducing several observed phenomena thought to be uniquely quantum in nature, thus providing greater elucidation of the quantum-classical boundary.
Prácticas transformistas en el documental latinoamericano reciente: usos de la voz y flujos musicales
Authors: Invernizzi Agostina , Lozano Ezequiel
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo pretende ser un aporte al trazado de una cartografía torcida, a la construcción de un mapa de la geografía audiovisual sexo-disidente en el cine documental de latinoamérica, luego de décadas de una artillería audiovisual altamente transfóbica. En el cortometraje documental La Otra (1989), de Lucrecia Martel, se puede visibilizar un momento central del trayecto hacia una visibilidad trans en nuestra cinematografía. En ese trabajo estudiantil de la directora observamos algo inusual para el cine documental local y para los estudios teatrales latinoamericanos: el foco en las prácticas transformistas. Nuestro primer esbozo de este mapa se extiende temporalmente desde 1989 hasta 2017 y establece un recorrido por Argentina, México, Venezuela, Cuba y Perú. Este corpus inicial lo conforman, además del trabajo de Martel, los siguientes cortometrajes: Es mi vida (el arte de la transformación) (Espinoza, 1995); Perra (Navarro, Plaza y González, 2011); El Arte de La Transformación (Uzcateguí y Castillo, 2016) y Nebulah (Montoro, 2017).Reivindicando un posicionamiento específico dentro del campo del cine documental, y construyendo un archivo desviado del canon, proponemos aquí una mirada que reflexione sobre los usos de la voz y los flujos musicales en las prácticas drag presentadas en los films, las cuales desde hace décadas batallan contra la transfobia aún vigente en las sociedades occidentales e incluso visible en el discurso esgrimido por sus propixs artífices.
CRÍTICA ÀS METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Silva Everton Melo da
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo problematizar, em uma perspectiva crítica, a relação entre os fundamentos das metodologias ativas e a formação profissional em Serviço Social. Através dos dados do INEP/2016 e do Censo EaD Brasil/2016, indicamos o crescimento das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES)  privadas no Brasil, apoiado no processo de mercadorização e transnacionalização da educação em tempos de crise do capital, neoliberalismo e contrarreforma do Estado, contribuindo para o aumento dos cursos e de matrículas em Serviço Social e para a entrada das metodologias ativas, com a finalidade de responder as demandas urgentes da racionalidade do mercado. Essa uniformização na nova forma de ensinar na formação profissional em Serviço Social propicia o imediatismo, o fortalecimento do pragmatismo profissional e provoca confusões teóricas sobre a relação entre teoria e prática, conforme observamos na análise de 05 Projetos Pedagógicos de Cursos (PPCs) de Serviço Social.
ASSESSORIA DO SERVIÇO SOCIAL E MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS INSURGENTES EM DEBATE
Authors: Portela Roselene de Souza , Cruz Sandra Helena Ribeiro , Silva Milcilene Magalhães da , David Lidiane Maria Siqueira
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo traz uma discussão reflexiva sobre a assessoria do Serviço Social junto aos movimentos sociais insurgentes, especificamente a Frente dos Moradores Prejudicados da Bacia Hidrográfica do Una, desenvolvida pelo Programa de Apoio à Reforma Urbana (PARU), num esforço político de fomentar, em Belém, lutas pelo direito à cidade. Evidencia-se a importância da práxis de assessoria junto aos movimentos insurgentes e propõe-se discutir essa correlação com atores sociais pela universidade e pelo Serviço Social. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre a temática da relação de assessoria do Serviço Social e movimentos sociais na contemporaneidade. Tendo como resultados, os processos que circundam essa relação necessária no cotidiano das lutas e organizações dos movimentos sociais insurgentes, no âmbito do direito à cidade. Dentre os processos evidencia-se: o processo da relação política; o processo da relação pedagógica; e o processo técnico-metodológico.
Levels of proinflammatory chemokines and advanced glycation end products in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment
Authors: Alqerban Ali
Published: October 2020

Objectives

To explore the effect of diabetic status on the proinflammatory chemokine profile and levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) derived from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods

Two groups, nondiabetic and T2DM, were included. Their demographics, biochemical parameters including hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, and oral hygiene status were recorded. GCF sampling was performed after 2 months of placement of stainless steel archwires and chemokines (primary outcome) were quantified using Human Magnetic Luminex multiplex assay. Secondary outcomes were assessment of clinical periodontal status, unstimulated whole saliva flow rate, and GCF flow rate.

Results

Twenty participants each in the nondiabetic (mean age: 26.4 years) and T2DM (mean age: 27.2 years) groups gave consent to participate. Biochemical analysis showed significantly increased values for hemoglobin A1c (P < .001), fasting blood glucose (P < .0001), body mass index(P = .047), and unstimulated whole saliva flow rate (P = .041) for the T2DM group. Bleeding on probing was significantly higher in participants with T2DM than nondiabetic participants (P = .039). Resistin (P = .034) and AGEs (P = .017) showed significantly higher values in participants with T2DM than nondiabetic participants. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between resistin (r = 0.1372; P = .022) and AGEs (r = 0.0194; P = .0186) against bleeding on probing in participants with T2DM.

Conclusions

The biochemical profile of GCF samples from participants with T2DM after alignment demonstrated higher levels of resistin and AGEs. The data suggest the presence of a proinflammatory response in patients with T2DM undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
Plasma metabolome and circulating vitamins stratified onset age of an initial islet autoantibody and progression to type 1 diabetes: the TEDDY study
Authors: Admin Ada , Li Qian , Liu Xiang , Yang Jimin , Erlund Iris , Lernmark Åke , Hagopian William , Rewers Marian , She Jin-Xiong , Toppari Jorma , Ziegler Anette-G. , Akolkar Beena , Krischer Jeffrey P. , Group TEDDY Study
Published: October 2020

Children’s
plasma metabolome, especially lipidome reflects gene regulation and dietary
exposures, heralding the development of islet autoantibodies (IA) and type 1
diabetes (T1D). The TEDDY study enrolled 8676 newborns by screening HLA-DR-DQ
genotypes at six clinical centers in four countries; profiled metabolome and
measured concentrations of ascorbic acid, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D),
erythrocyte membrane fatty acids following birth until IA seroconversion under
nested case-control design. We grouped children having an initial autoantibody
only against insulin (IAA-first) or glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA-first) by
unsupervised clustering of temporal lipidome, identifying a subgroup of
children having early onset of each initial autoantibody, i.e., IAA-first by 12
months and GADA-first by 21 months, consistent with population-wide early seroconversion
age. Differential analysis showed that infants having reduced plasma ascorbic
acid and cholesterol experienced IAA-first earlier, while early onset of
GADA-first was preceded by reduced sphingomyelins at infancy. Plasma 25(OH)D prior
to either autoantibody was lower in T1D progressors compared to non-progressors,
with simultaneous lower diglycerides, lysophosphatidylcholines, triglycerides,
alanine before GADA-first. Plasma ascorbic acid and 25(OH)D at infancy were lower
in HLA-DR3/DR4 children among IA cases but not in matched controls, implying gene
expression dysregulation of circulating vitamins as latent signals for IA or
T1D progression.
FORMATION CRITERIA AND INDICATORS OF GRAPHIC CULTURE OF BASIC GENERAL EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Темербекова Альбина Алексеевна , Байкунакова Гульфия Владимировна
Published: October 2020

Рассматривается вопрос формирования графической культуры обучающихся основного общего образования, которая характеризуется навыками оперирования графической информацией и умением ее использовать в практической деятельности и осуществляется путем овладения графическим языком в процессе выполнения определенных учебных действий. Анализируя исследования в области диагностики графической культуры обучающихся основного общего образования, выявляется многопрофильность и многоаспектность процесса формирования исследуемого качества. Представлен ряд диагностических методик, которые определены в соответствии характером и структурой компонентов графической культуры обучающихся, описаны основные критерии графической культуры обучающихся основного общего образования, приведена взаимосвязь критериев и показателей.

The article deals with the formation of a graphic culture of students of basic general education, which is characterized by the skills of operating graphic information and the ability to use it in practical activities, and is carried out by mastering the graphic language in the process of performing certain educational activities. The paper presents a number of diagnostic techniques, which are determined in accordance with the nature and structure of the components of the graphic culture of students, describes the main criteria of the graphic culture of students of basic general education, shows the relationship of criteria and indicators. According to each criterion methods and diagnostics are proposed: motivation of teaching and emotional attitude to learning, assessing the need for achievements, assessing the level of independence in cognitive activity, determining the level of culture of design and research activities, determining the creative abilities of students, assessing the abilities for self-development, self-education, reflection. Motivational criteria: interest in mastering the skills of graphic activity, cognitive motives; the need for achievements; motivation for achievement; formation of personal qualities (anxiety, emotional attitude); independence in cognitive and creative activities (graphic skills and mental operations). Meaningful criteria: knowledge of graphic culture; knowledge of graphic culture; knowledge of ways to work with information; ability to use graphic skills in creating an art project. Creative criteria: fluency; flexibility; resourcefulness, ingenuity; originality; independence, non-standard. Reflexive criteria: ability to self-education, selfdevelopment; ability to reflect; formation of self-assessment of the level of graphic skills.
THE “INVERTED CASE” TECHNOLOGY IN STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK ORGANIZATION
Authors: Петрова Светлана Николаевна
Published: October 2020

Проанализировано состояние применения в учебном процессе традиционных кейс-технологий. Рассмотрен вопрос по организации самостоятельной работы студентов в современных условиях работы высшей школы. Отмечена важность и актуальность данного аспекта образовательного процесса. Проанализировано состояние применения в учебном процессе традиционных кейс-технологий. Для повышения эффективности организации самостоятельной работы студентов предложена разработанная технология «Перевернутый кейс». Обоснована актуальность применения этой технологии. Раскрыто содержание технологии «Перевернутый кейс». На конкретных примерах из высшей математики показаны три этапа реализации этой технологии – теоретический, понятийно-аналитический и поисково-производственный. Указаны основные преимущества применения данной технологии в учебном процессе в высшей школе при изучении высшей математики и теоретической механики. В современных условиях применение технологии «Перевернутый кейс» является важным звеном, связывающим учебный и производственный процессы. На основе проведенных исследований отмечены возможные сложности при использовании технологии. Проведен анализ и указаны перспективы и преимущества применения технологии «Перевернутый кейс» в организации самостоятельной работы студентов инженерных специальностей.

The state of application of traditional case technologies in the educational process is analyzed. The question of the organization of independent work of students in modern conditions of work of higher education is considered. The importance and relevance of this aspect of the educational process is noted. The state of the application of traditional case technologies in the educational process is analyzed. To increase the efficiency of organizing students’ independent work, the developed technology “Inverted Case” is proposed. The relevance of the application of this technology is justified. The content of the “Inverted Case” technology is revealed. Using concrete examples from higher mathematics, three stages of the implementation of this technology are shown – theoretical, conceptual-analytical, and search-production. The main advantages of using this technology in the educational process in higher education in the study of higher mathematics and theoretical mechanics are indicated. In modern conditions, the use of the “Inverted Case” technology is an important link between the educational and production processes. On the basis of the research carried out, possible difficulties in using the technology are noted. The analysis is carried out and the prospects and advantages of using the “Upside-down case” technology in the organization of independent work of students of engineering specialties are indicated.
ARTISTIC-IMAGE APPROACH TO TEACHING SOUNDS AND LETTERS TO FIRST-GRADERS
Authors: Шишлянникова Нина Петровна
Published: October 2020

Обозначена проблема формирования первоначальных навыков чтения и письма в период обучения грамоте первоклассников, связанная с несоответствием методики преподавания, основанной на принципе механического копирования действий учителя, преобладании звукобуквенного анализа над всеми остальными видами и приемами работы, что не соответствует функциональным особенностям и возрастным возможностям детей. Предлагается апробированная в практике технология интегрированного преподавания в обучении первоклассников звукам и буквам на основе разумного сочетания логико-понятийных методов организации изучения учебного материала в сочетании с художественно-образными методами, свойственными педагогике искусства (стимулирование эмоционального отклика, включение в работу всех анализаторных систем: слуховой, речедвигательной, двигательной, зрительной), предложены творческие художественно-образные задания с примерами их воплощения в практике преподавания уроков обучения грамоте. Благодаря опоре на принцип интеграции и применению художественно-образных приемов организации познания уже к концу первого года обучения у большинства первоклассников отмечается интерес к чтению, речевая активность, самостоятельность в суждениях, высказывания осмысленными словами, идущими от себя, потребность высказаться даже тогда, когда не задают вопросов, хорошо развитое воображение как основа творчества.

The article marked the problem of formation of initial reading and writing skills during the period of literacy training for first-graders, associated with the inconsistency of teaching methods based on the principle of mechanical copying of the teacher’s actions, prevailing sound and letter analyses over the other ways and methods of the work, which does not correspond to the functional. The author of the article proposed the technology of integrated teaching, tested in practice, in teaching first-graders to sounds and letters based on a reasonable combination of logical and conceptual methods of organizing the study of educational material in combination with artistic and figurative methods inherent in art pedagogy (stimulating emotional response, including in the work all the analyzing systems: auditory, speech-motor, motor, visual), creative art-figurative tasks are proposed with examples of their implementation in the practice of teaching literacy. Thanks to the reliance on the principle of integration and the use of artistic-figurative methods of organizing cognition, by the end of the first year of study, most first-graders show an interest in reading, speech activity, independence in judgments, statements with meaningful words coming from themselves, the need to express themselves even when they are not asked questions, welldeveloped imagination as the basis of creativity.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF SPATIAL DEFORMATIONS AND STABILITY OF REINFORCED H-SECTION RODS WITH WELDING APPLICATION UNDER LOADING
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Belyy G.I. , Mikhas'kin V.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: October 2020

The paper deals with the problem setting, carrying out and results of pilot studies of the H-section rods strengthened under loading with the use of welding, subjected to compression with biaxial eccentricities. Some results of the effect of welding on the spatial deformations development and stability are submitted. Dependences of the limit forces breaking an equilibrium condition on welding processes, the level of initial loading and fl exibility are determined.