bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sharp Periodic Flares and Long-term Variability in the High-mass X-Ray Binary XTE J1829−098 from RXTE PCA, Swift BAT, and MAXI Observations
Authors: Corbet Robin H. D. , Ballhausen Ralf , Becker Peter A. , Coley Joel B. , Fuerst Felix , Gendreau Keith C. , Guillot Sebastien , Islam Nazma , Jaisawal Gaurava Kumar , Jenke Peter , Kretschmar Peter , Lange Alexander , Malacaria Christian , Ng Mason , Pottschmidt Katja , Pradhan Pragati , Ray Paul S. , Rothschild Richard E. , Thalhammer Philipp , Townsend Lee J. , Wilms Joern , Wilson-Hodge Colleen A. , Wolff Michael T.
Published: November 2024

XTE J1829−098 is a transient X-ray pulsar with a period of ∼7.8 s. It is a candidate Be star system, although the evidence for this is not yet definitive. We investigated the twenty-year-long X-ray light curve using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Proportional Counter Array (PCA), Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Burst Alert Telescope, and the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image. We find that all three light curves are clearly modulated on the ∼244 days orbital period previously reported from PCA monitoring observations, with outbursts confined to a narrow phase range. The light curves also show that XTE J1829−098 was in an inactive state between approximately 2008 December and 2018 April, and no strong outbursts occurred. Such behavior is typical of Be X-ray binary systems, with the absence of outbursts likely related to the dissipation of the Be star's decretion disk. The mean outburst shapes can be approximated with a triangular profile and, from a joint fit of this to all three light curves, we refine the orbital period to 243.95 ± 0.04 days. The mean outburst profile does not show any asymmetry and has a total phase duration of 0.140 ± 0.007. However, the PCA light curve shows that there is considerable cycle-to-cycle variability of the individual outbursts. We compare the properties of XTE J1829−098 with other sources that show short phase-duration outbursts, in particular GS 1843−02 (2S 1845−024), which has a very similar orbital period, but longer pulse period, and whose orbit is known to be highly eccentric.
Explicit Symplectic Integrators with Adaptive Time Steps in Curved Spacetimes
Authors: Wu Xin , Wang Ying , Sun Wei , Liu Fuyao , Ma Dazhu
Published: November 2024

Recently, our group developed explicit symplectic methods for curved spacetimes that are not split into several explicitly integrable parts but are via appropriate time transformations. Such time-transformed explicit symplectic integrators should have employed adaptive time steps in principle, but they are often difficult in practical implementations. In fact, they work well if time transformation functions cause the time-transformed Hamiltonians to have the desired splits and approach 1 or constants for sufficiently large distances. However, they do not satisfy the requirement of step-size selections in this case. Based on the step-size control technique proposed by Preto & Saha, the nonadaptive time-step time-transformed explicit symplectic methods are slightly adjusted as adaptive ones. The adaptive methods have only two additional steps and a negligible increase in computational cost compared with the nonadaptive ones. Their implementation is simple. Several dynamical simulations of particles and photons near black holes have demonstrated that the adaptive methods typically improve the efficiency of the nonadaptive methods. Because of the desirable property, the new adaptive methods are applied to investigate the chaotic dynamics of particles and photons outside the horizon in a Schwarzschild–Melvin spacetime. The new methods are widely applicable to all curved spacetimes corresponding to Hamiltonians or time-transformed Hamiltonians with the expected splits. In addition, application to the backward ray-tracing method for studying the motion of photons and shadows of black holes is possible.
The captive behavior and reproduction of the Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla (Pholidota, Manidae)
Authors: Shen Zhenhui , Xie Chungang , Huang Haochen , Cheng Hong-Yi , Zheng Rongquan
Published: November 2024

Manis pentadactyla was once a widely distributed and resource-rich pangolin species in China. However, in recent years, the wild population has declined sharply due to overuse and habitat loss. It is currently one of the world's most endangered species and is listed as a "National First-class Protected Animal" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and the China Biodiversity Red List of critically endangered species. This study recorded videos of captive M. pentadactyla and used “continuous animal behavior recording” to study the behavioral characteristics of this species in captive environments. The results showed that under captive conditions, behaviors of the Chinese pangolin mainly include feeding, exercise (such as crawling, digging, and climbing), mating, hiding, and resting, where the most common behaviors besides resting were climbing and pacing. Overall, the peak activity period of the pangolins falls between 18:00 and 21:00, which differs from documented activity rhythm results obtained in the wild, most likely due to the ease of acquiring food in artificial captive environments. A correlation analysis between the duration of exercise and feeding behaviors indicates a significant positive correlation between the times allocated to the two behaviors, which means that the more exercise they get, the more they eat. The mating behavior of the pangolins never lasted more than 40 minutes, and based on the time of the first mating behavior, it is estimated that the gestation period of M. pentadactyla in captive environments is less than 131 days. Individual A7, reported in this study, is the first M. pentadactyla baby born in an artificial captive environment on the Chinese Mainland and still alive. In addition, this study compares the captive behavior of M. javanica and M. pentadactyla, highlighting certain differences in behavioral rhythms between the two pangolin species. This work will aid in the development of captive breeding programs for the Chinese pangolin and the potential supplementation of the wild population.
11th International Conference on Business Servitization (ICBS 2024 - Lisbon)
Authors:   University of Edinburgh, Vendrell-Herrero Ferran , Gomes Emanuel ,   Nova School of Economics and Business, Zejnilovic Leid ,   Nova School of Economics and Business
Published: November 2024

This book of abstracts summarizes the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Business Servitization (ICBS 2024), held at Nova School of Business and Economics – Lisbon, Portugal. On this edition, the conference places a special emphasis on the focal theme: Unlocking Unique and Intelligent Digital Solutions: The Pivotal Role of Frontier Technologies (Blockchain and AI) in Servitization.
Escultura antigua en Madīnat al-Zahrāʾ: Coleccionismo transcultural y la afirmación del poder califa
Authors: Elices Ocón Jorge
Published: November 2024

La colección de sarcófagos y estatuas romanas de Madīnat al-Zahrāʾ constituye un caso significativo dentro de los estudios de recepción de la antigüedad en el mundo islámico. Analizando las evidencias literarias y arqueológicas, el presente trabajo ahonda en los antecedentes de esta colección, la procedencia de las piezas, los criterios que motivaron su selección y el proceso de reinterpretación que permitió que imágenes de la Ǧāhiliyya fueran reutilizadas y adquiriesen nuevos significados y propósitos en un contexto islámico. Este artículo se centra en el carácter transcultural que define a la colección. Los sarcófagos y estatuas eran objetos con los que se podía interactuar o aprender, imágenes que, más allá de la fascinación y el repudio, mediaban en la construcción de la identidad y la memoria desde una perspectiva transcultural, evocando distintas culturas, espacios y temporalidades, resonando con el ceremonial y las actividades cortesanas, y afirmando con ello las conexiones y universalidad del poder del califa omeya.
Pollinisation : un équilibre en péril
Authors: Porcher Emmanuelle
Published: November 2024

Si la biodiversité est souvent comprise comme la variété des formes de vie, elle se caractérise aussi par la diversité des interactions entre les êtres vivants : compétition, coopération, prédation… Produit d’une longue coévolution, ces interactions maillent la surface de la Terre et font de la biodiversité le « tissu vivant de la planète », qui régule son fonctionnement. La crise de la biodiversité actuelle implique ainsi non seulement la disparition d’espèces, mais également celle, tout aussi grave, des interactions : le tissu vivant de la planète se distend.À travers l’étude révélatrice des interactions entre plantes à fleurs et pollinisateurs, l’autrice met en lumière le délitement progressif de ce maillage essentiel à la vie sur Terre. Pour inverser la tendance, elle propose de rétablir une autre forme d’interactions : celles entre l’humanité et le reste du vivant.
Advancing Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Al-Wawi Mohd Zaki , Hammouri Marwa , Konstantinopoulou Sofia
Published: November 2024

Advancing research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) is crucial for global health equity but faces challenges like limited resources, lack of trained personnel, and infrastructural constraints. This chapter examines these limitations and proposes advancement strategies. It emphasizes building ethical, sustainable research programs in LMICs through strategic planning, goal prioritization, and dynamic strategic plans. The importance of collaboration and inclusive partnerships that value local expertise is highlighted. The chapter also discusses leveraging data to coordinate research efforts and maximize impact, suggesting that ongoing dialogue between institutions and key industry steakholders can potentially tailor costs thus providing efficient, precise, community based and patient focused care. In conclusion, it offers a comprehensive framework to address limitations and harness opportunities in advancing research in LMICs. A concerted global effort to strengthen research capacity is called for, ultimately contributing to improved global health outcomes and equity
Sex Differences and Coping Strategies of Children of Incarcerated Parents
Authors: Ahmed Gelan Hesham Abdou
Published: November 2024

Minor children are at risk of developing emotional stress because of psychological, structural, and social strains associated with parental incarceration. To lessen their emotional stress, these children incorporate a wide range of coping strategies. These strategies, however, differ between both sexes due to subjective, behavioral, and physiological disparities in experiencing and responding to emotional stress. The aim of this systematic literature review was to explore the effect of sex differences on children's use of coping strategies to reduce the emotional stress associated with parental incarceration. An electronic search was initiated to locate relevant empirical studies. Studies were screened at the title and abstract levels, and at full-text level by the author. Three studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Findings highlighted that females most commonly used venting emotions to cope with emotional stress, whereas males most commonly used distraction. Both sexes were also found to use three similar coping strategies.
The Evolution of Healthcare
Authors: Moumtzoglou Anastasius S.
Published: November 2024

The landscape of healthcare delivery and management is undergoing a transformative evolution, driven by the emergence of self-organizing processes, fractal scaling, and attractors within the industry. These concepts are redefining the way healthcare entities operate, collaborate, and adapt to changing patient needs and technological advancements. The landscape of healthcare delivery and management is undergoing a transformative evolution, driven by the emergence of self-organizing processes, fractal scaling, and attractors within the industry. These concepts are redefining the way healthcare entities operate, collaborate, and adapt to changing patient needs and technological advancements.
Human interaction with structure in designing big data architecture
Authors: Nyikana Wandisa , Iyamu Tiko
Published: November 2024

Background: There is an increasing interest in big data. However, challenges shape and affect the gathering, retrieval, use and management of big data in many organisations. Some of the challenges are linked to a lack of architecture that is specific to big data. Attempts have been made from both business and academic fronts, yet the challenges persist. The challenges are attributed to a lack of an understanding of the factors that influence the design of architecture for big data in an organisation.Objectives: The study aims to propose big data architecture for enterprises.Method: We employed the qualitative method, using document analysis to gather data. Activity theory (AT) was employed in the analysis of the data.Results: From the analysis, governance, interactions, relationships and allocative were found to be the factors that influence the design of big data architecture. An interpretation was conducted following the inductive reasoning approach to gain a deeper insight of how the factors manifest themselves.Conclusion: Big data architecture is proposed. The architecture is intended to address some of the challenges encountered in gathering, retrieving, using or managing big data in organisations.Contribution: This study advances our understanding of the complex interplay of factors influencing the architecture of big data. Applying AT, the study fortifies our understanding of complex interactions between humans and big data including the architecture design.
Student-centred OdeL support in theology: Why? and how?
Authors: Oliver Erna
Published: November 2024

Equipping students to become future-fit graduates who are competent to survive and thrive in an increasingly liquid and complex society presents an agonising challenge to educators at institutions of higher education. It seems that student-centred support is a key requirement for the renovation of open distance higher education. ‘The complex fourth revolution world we are living in’, the current unequal and diverse student body and the need to train students in theology to be agents of positive change and transformation highlight why student-centred edu-actions are required. Suggestions on how to create opportunities for, and how to implement effective student-centred support are presented through a descriptive qualitative approach. Although this is focussed on theology students, student support is needed in all disciplines and this structure can, if successful, also be transferred to other fields in human science. Nested in the centre of the Community of Inquiry model, the triangle of effective education provides the structure and foundation for both the discipline-specific and the more general fields of the pillars of higher education. Based on the foundation of this triangle, a toolkit for student success is proposed. The toolkit forms the inner part of the triangle; referring to who the students are, how they think, reason and act, culminate in how they change and grow through education. In addition, a short learning programme for educators is proposed to assist them in adapting their tasks to the changing environment and simultaneously supporting their students.Intradisciplinary/interdisciplinary implications: Although the focus is on theology students and lecturers, both the toolkit and lecturer training programmes can be implemented for the promotion of purpose-driven and human-centred skills development and academic excellence in the larger disciplines and fields of arts, humanities, social sciences and religious studies.
Indian clinical practice consensus guidelines for the management of locoregional hypopharyngeal cancer - Update 2023
Authors: Darling HS , Babu K Govind , Noronha Vanita , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Kuriakose Moni , Birur Praveen , Kaushal Ashish , Mahajan Abhishek , Singhal Manish , Gairola Munish , Goyal Sumit , Patil Vijay M , Rao Vishal , Rath Goura K , Kumar Prabhash
Published: November 2024

Hypopharyngeal cancer usually presents at a locally advanced stage. Almost all patients are treated with a curative intent. As surgical approaches are functionally and cosmetically morbid, nonsurgical modalities are preferred. This review emphasizes a comprehensive diagnosis workflow, the integration of less toxic induction chemotherapy regimens, and a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. It aims to optimize treatment outcomes while preserving quality of life, particularly in the Indian healthcare context.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Using Community Testing Centers to Increase Access to COVID-19 Testing Services in Urban Mozambique
Authors: Sambo Júlia , Sitoe Nádia , Nguenha Neuza , Chilaúle Jorfélia , Guambe Phath , Langa Denise , Rafael Júlio , Mudenyanga Chishamiso , Mabunda Nédio , Loquiha Osvaldo , Jani Ilesh
Published: November 2024

Conventional diagnostic systems struggled to meet the fluctuating demand for testing across the different waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the walkthrough (WT) approach in extending access to COVID-19 testing to high-risk populations traditionally underrepresented at health facilities (HFs) and to observe its impact on testing demand.

 An interventional study was implemented in markets (WT markets) and ports (WT ports) in Maputo City and Province, Mozambique. Demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data were collected for patients testing for COVID-19 in HFs and at WTs, and a nasal swab COVID-19 antigen rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) was administered.

 Overall, testing rates at WTs were higher than those at HFs. At WTs, 4,452 of 4,457 participants were eligible and screened for COVID-19. Most participants were fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and had no symptoms or comorbidities (62.1% at WT markets and 87.9% at WT ports). During the baseline phase, the incidence testing rate of Ag-RDTs in intervention health facilities near the WTs was approximately one-fifth (P <0.001) of that in the control HFs located far from the WTs. In the control HFs, the incidence testing rate decreased significantly during the intervention period, whereas in intervention HFs, the incidence testing rate increased by approximately four times (P = 0.005).

 During times of low positivity rates and limited patient flow, the WT testing points may not yield the expected results in lowering the incidence testing rate within HFs. The WT may constitute an alternative approach to increasing the screening of infectious and noncommunicable diseases.
Evaluating Foodborne Cyclosporiasis Using Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network and Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System Data, 2015–2019
Authors: Markon André O. , Karasick Andrew , Punzalan Cecile , da Silva Alexandre J. , Wolpert Beverly
Published: November 2024

Cyclosporiasis has been a nationally notifiable disease in the United States since 1999, and cases have increased in recent years. We evaluated characteristics of U.S. cases and outbreaks to identify gaps and potential prevention measures for mitigating cyclosporiasis. We assessed Cyclospora data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) and from the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) collected between 2015 and 2019. There were 1,376 cyclosporiasis cases in FoodNet between 2015 and 2019. Approximately one-fifth (n = 290, 21.1%) reported recent international travel. Most cases occurred in 2018 (n = 334, 24.3%) and 2019 (n = 758, 55.1%). There was strong seasonality, with 1,160 (90.9%) cases in the summer months. Most travelers reported visiting Mexico (n = 182, 62.8%) and Guatemala (n = 25, 8.6%). Approximately two-thirds of FoodNet cases were outbreak associated (n = 987, 71.7%). Of the 79 outbreaks reported to FDOSS, 31 (39.2%) occurred in 2018 and 40 (50.6%) occurred in 2019. Outbreaks tended to occur in spring and summer months (n = 78, 98.7%), The most common age groups among the 2,335 cases with data available included 20–49 years (n = 1,168, 50.0%), 50–74 years (n = 985, 42.2%), and ≥75 years (n = 120, 5.1%). Although direct comparisons between FoodNet and FDOSS are not possible, both datasets indicate that the majority of Cyclospora transmission is domestic and not travel associated, as previously thought. These findings show the need for continued investment in Cyclospora research, including identifying populations that are underrepresented, or at higher risk for cyclosporiasis, and improved understanding of national sources and pathways of infection.
Development of a Diagnostic IgM Antibody Capture ELISA for Detection of Anti-Cache Valley Virus Human IgM
Authors: Goodman Christin , Powers Jordan A. , Mikula Sierra R. , Hughes Holly R. , Biggerstaff Brad J. , Fitzpatrick Kelly , Panella Amanda J. , Machain-Williams Carlos , Lee SeungHwan , Calvert Amanda E.
Published: November 2024

Cache Valley virus (CVV), a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus, causes epizootics in ruminants characterized by congenital malformations and fetal death in North America. Only seven human infections have been identified; limited information exists on its potential as a human teratogen. Diagnosis of CVV infections relies on the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), which requires live virus, is time-consuming, and cannot differentiate between recent and past infections. To improve diagnostics for CVV, we developed an IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA) for detection of anti-CVV human IgM in diagnostic specimens that can be performed faster than PRNT and is specific to IgM, which is essential to determine the timing of infection. Conjointly, a cell line constitutively expressing human-murine chimeric antibody with the variable regions of monoclonal antibody CVV-17 and constant regions of human IgM was developed to provide positive control material. The new cell line produced antibody with reactivity in the assay equivalent to that of a human serum sample positive for anti-CVV IgM. Five of seven archived human specimens diagnostically confirmed as CVV positive tested positive in the MAC-ELISA, whereas 44 specimens confirmed positive for another arboviral infection tested negative, showing good initial correlation of the CVV MAC-ELISA. Two of 27 previously collected serum samples from febrile patients in Yucatán, Mexico, who tested negative for a recent flaviviral or alphaviral infection were positive in both the MAC-ELISA and PRNT, indicating a possible recent infection with CVV or related orthobunyavirus. The MAC-ELISA described here will aid in making diagnostics more widely available for CVV in public health laboratories.
Microbiological and Clinical Features of Patients with Cellulitis in Tropical Australia: Disease Severity Assessment and Implications for Clinical Management
Authors: Townend Rory , Smith Simon , Hanson Josh
Published: November 2024

Australian guidelines for the treatment of cellulitis are informed by data from temperate, metropolitan centers. It is uncertain if these guidelines are equally applicable in tropical Australia, where the population, access to healthcare, and array of potential pathogens are quite different. This retrospective study examined adults admitted to Cairns Hospital in tropical Queensland, Australia, who were treated with intravenous antibiotics for a principal diagnosis of cellulitis in 2019. The study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological findings in these cases and the resulting implications for patient management. There were 305 episodes of cellulitis; a potential pathogen was identified in 93/305 (30%), most commonly Staphylococcus aureus (45/93, 48%) or Group A Streptococcus (16/93, 17%). There was one case of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Initial treatment was most commonly with narrow spectrum β-lactam antibiotics with flucloxacillin prescribed in 170/305 (56%) and cefazolin prescribed in 74/305 (26%). Overall, 4/305 (1%) died or were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) within 30 days, 123/305 (40%) had an inpatient stay >48 hours, and 63/305 (21%) were readmitted to hospital within 30 days. Every patient who subsequently died or required ICU admission had an elevated early warning score (EWS ≥3) on admission. An EWS ≥3 on admission also predicted an inpatient stay of >48 hours (odds ratio [OR]: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.7–6.0; P <0.001) and 30-day readmission (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.6; P = 0.01). The etiology of cellulitis in tropical Queensland, Australia, is very similar to that seen in temperate regions, enabling the use of standard management algorithms for patients with cellulitis in the region.
A medial circumflex femoral artery passing anteriorly to the femoral vein: report of a bilateral case
Authors: Toure Tata , Kante Abdoulaye , Ba Babou , Simpara Mamadou , Gaye Magaye , Ongoiba Nouhoum
Published: November 2024

The passage of the medial circumflex femoral artery anterior to the femoral vein is an extremely rare anatomical variation. It can lead to  an iatrogenic arteiovenous fistula after cardiac catheterization. We report here the first bilateral case of passage of the medial circumflex  femoral artery anterior to the femoral vein. During a dissection on the femoral trigone in a 73-year-old male cadaver, a medial circumflex  femoral artery passing anterior to the femoral vein was observed on both sides. On both sides, it originated from the anteromedial  aspect of the femoral artery. It was traveling downwards and inwards. It passed anteriorly to the femoral vein and the pectineus muscle  before passing between the latter and the adductor longus muscle. On the left side, it passed above the arc of the great saphenous vein,  on the right side, it passed above the junction of the superficial circumflex iliac vein into the femoral vein. The medial femoral circumflex femoral artery passing anteriorly to the femoral is an extremely rare anatomical variation. Knowledge of this variation is important for  cardiovascular surgeons during endovascular interventions such as cardiac catheterization as well as for radiologists when performing  Doppler ultrasound or CT angiography.
role of e-learning in enhancing the quality of higher education outputs from the perspective of faculty members: a case study of Mohammed Boudiaf University - M'sila –
Authors: Betka Hadjira , Kharroubi Lakouas Ahmed , Mordjane Ibtissam
Published: November 2024

This study examined the topic of e-learning as a mechanism for improving the quality of higher education outputs from the perspective of faculty members. It focused on a case study of Mohammed Bouadiaf University in M'Sila. The study utilized a descriptive and analytical approach and applied it to a sample consisting of 35 individuals of Master 02 majoring in the strategic management at the Department of Management of the University of Mohamed Boudiaf in Msila..The study concluded that e-learning has a positive impact on various aspects, including the quality of graduates, the quality of scientific research, and community service. These are all elements that can be relied upon to measure the quality of higher education outputs. Based on this, the study suggests the necessity of expanding the use of e-learning in the university, in addition to focusing on providing its various requirements while emphasizing the importance of aligning its goals with those of the external environment.
Insecticidal potential of indigenous plants leaf powder against rhyzopertha dominica fab. (coleoptera: bostrichidae) in stored maize (zea mays) grains in northeastern nigeria
Authors: J Kafari , M A Medugu , S Mohammed , E M Waziri
Published: November 2024

The study on the toxicity potential of plant leaf powders of Eucalyptus globulus, Citrus limon and Cassia occidentalis against maize weevil (Rhyzopertha dominica) infestation during storage was investigated in the Laboratory of the Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Modibbo Adama University, Yola. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and data collected were analyzed using General Linear Model Procedure of Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2004) while, significance means will be compared using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% probability level. Rhyzopertha dominica where exposed to four doses (0.2 g, 0.4 g, and 0.6 g) of these leaf powder per 50g of maize and a control treatment. Phytochemical analysis reveals the leaf powder of Eucalyptus globolus, Citrus limon, and Cassia occidentalis contain the following components (Saponin, Tanin, Steriod, Glycocide, Flavonoid, Tapinoid, Alkaloidand phenol). Though C. limon and C. occidentalis did not showed the presence of Tapinoid. The result of R. dominica mortality showed that at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days, highest mortality was observed on SAMMAZ 51 while SAMMAZ 15 had the lowest mortality. Mortality also of R. dominica on treated maize was highest at 0.6 g dosage, with effectiveness increasing over time. The Treated Maize exhibited less grain damage and weight loss compared to untreated controls. Germination percentage and palatability tests revealed no significant difference (P <0.05) between treated and untreated maize among the tested plant powders. C. occidentalis demonstrated the highest efficiency in controlling R. dominica which can be recommended as effective botanical insecticides for the control of R. dominica in stored maize, these offer a promising eco-friendly alternative for post-harvest pest management.
Effects Of Aflatoxin B1-Contaminated Diets On Growth Performance, Haematological, And Physiological Health In Broilers
Authors: P B Ekpo , N A Etangetuk , P E Asuquo , O E Bebia , N M Effiong , I P Ekpo , D P Igirigi , D O Igri
Published: November 2024

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in poultry feed significantly threatens broiler health and performance. This study investigated the effects of different levels of AFB1 (0%, 25%, 35%, 45%, and 55%) on growth performance and hematological parameters in broiler diets. The experiment was structured as a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatment groups, each having three replicates: Group A (0.025 ppm AFB1), Group B (0.035 ppm AFB1), Group C (0.045 ppm AFB1), Group D (0.055 ppm AFB1), and Group E (Control, 0% AFB1). Weekly measurements included body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), growth rate (GR), total feed intake (TFI), and hematological indices (HMI). Body weight was recorded weekly, feed intake was tracked daily, and FCR was calculated by dividing total feed intake by total weight gain. Blood samples were taken at weeks 5 and 10 for hematological analysis using the haemacytometer method. Broilers fed diets containing higher concentrations of AFB1 showed marked reductions in final body weight, with birds on the control diet (0% AFB1) gaining the most weight (1.69 kg), compared to 1.24 kg, 1.10 kg, 0.92 kg, and 0.76 kg for the 25%, 35%, 45%, and 55% AFB1 groups, respectively. Feed intake also significantly decreased (p<0.05) from 19.38 kg (Control) to 9.55 kg (TA) as AFB1 levels increased. Hematological analysis revealed significant decreases (p<0.01) in hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cell (RBC) counts in birds fed higher AFB1 concentrations. Birds on the control diet had the highest Hb (12.48 g/dl), PCV (24.73%), and RBC counts (10.34 × 10⁶/ul), while the 55% AFB1 group showed the lowest values. No significant changes were observed in white blood cell (WBC) counts (p>0.05), indicating a less pronounced impact on the immune system. These findings underscore the detrimental effects of AFB1 on broiler growth and blood health, emphasizing the need for stringent aflatoxin control in poultry feed to ensure healthy broiler production.
Assessing The Carcinogenic And Non-Carcinogenic Health Risk Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Soils From Ratcon Quarry Site In Ibadan, Sw Nigeria
Authors: O O Adetola , G O Akinyemi , O T Oyediji , O O Adekoya , O H Ayeni
Published: November 2024

This study estimates the health risks due to the concentration of heavy metals in the soil samples around a quarry near Ibadan, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected in triplicates (three samples collected per sampling point) from ten sampling points in the quarry site and control.
The soil samples were digested for 17 heavy metals (Al, As, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, and Zn) and quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry)- (ICP-OES). Health risk was assessed for metals including hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR). Data obtained were subjected to descriptive (Mean ±SD) and inferential (Anova) statistics. Results showed that 16 heavy metals were detected, Fe had highest concentration (4354±17.4 mg/kg), followed by Al (1678 ±0.15 mg/kg) and Mn (192±1.29 mg/kg), Cd was not detected. The estimation of non-carcinogenic risks in this study indicated that all identified heavy metals in soils do not pose a non-carcinogenic risk to the health of children and adults.  Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values consistently were less than one (< 1). Also, this study revealed that values of most metals assessed were below 1 × 10-6 lower limit for CR, except for chromium (1.97 X 10-1), which poses a cancer risk in adults.
Perception of health workers and assessment of tree spp. Composition in adeoyo general hospital, ibadan, oyo state
Authors: D A Adenuga , A O Agbo-Adediran , B Olajiire Ajayi , O C Odeyale , A M Aderemi , M B Oyedeji , A E Roberts , F B Eze
Published: November 2024

Trees as a crucial component of forest play a vital role in providing a wide range of products and services including health benefits. The lack of information on tree species composition and diversity around public health care facilities in Ibadan may hinder comprehensive understanding of the ecological value and potential benefits that trees provide to the surrounding environment and public health care facilities. This study assessed the perceptions of health workers and evaluation of trees within the premises of Adeoyo General Hospital, Ibadan. Forty-nine (49) Structured questionnaire was used to derive the perceptions, while total enumeration of all the trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than or equal to 10 cm were identified and enumerated in the study area. Tables and percentages were used to analyze the perception of the health workers while data collected on dbh (cm) and total height (m) were used to compute basal area (m2) and volume (m3). The analysis of socio-demographic data revealed a higher representation of female health workers (61.2%), a concentration of professionals in the 30 to 39 age group (46.9%), and a predominant presence of married individuals with tertiary education. Examining health workers' perceptions, a significant consensus emerges on the positive effects of tree exposure. Workers believed that exposure to trees improve patient clinical outcomes, speeds up recovery, and boosts the immune system (42.9%). There is also recognition of the role of trees in reducing stress levels and enhancing focus for both patients and healthcare workers. The positive correlation between trees around healthcare facilities and increased staff satisfaction is noteworthy. In the study area, Azadirachta indica was the dominant tree species constituting 42.2% of the total population. Terminalia catappa and Gliricidia sepium are also of great significance. Mean diameter, height, basal area, and volume suggest a diverse forest with a wide range of tree sizes. Meliaceae dominated the families with 42.2% while other families like Fabaceae and Combretaceae also contributed to biodiversity and ecological significance. In DBH, Delonix regia had the highest value of 198.3cm while Newbouldia laevis had 15.1 cm as the lowest value. Antiaris africana and Azadirachta indica both had the maximum values of 19.8 m and 51.8 m3 in height and basal area respectively. Species diversity indices indicated a diverse forest ecosystem with 13 identified taxa and 64 individuals. The diversity index (Shannon-Wienner) of 1.89 - though it is low- is within the general limit for tropical forests. It is therefore recommended that integration and management of green spaces in healthcare facility design, development of employee wellness programs, promoting nature exposure, educational initiatives on the benefits of nature and economic valuation studies should be greatly considered.
Factors militating against the preparedness of families in managing terminal health conditions in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Agha A. Agha , Uzoma O. Okoye
Published: November 2024

The family is an integral part of society that is assigned enormous responsibilities, especially with the care of its members both children  and adults. Terminal health conditions do not just affect the individuals involved but the entire family; therefore, when a family member  is sick, the entire family is sick. This study aimed to interrogate the factors militating against families’ preparedness to manage the terminal health conditions of their members. Using in-depth interviews, data were collected from 13 families in Nsukka that were  randomly selected for the study. The inclusion criteria were that the participant must be an adult member of a family who has taken or  currently taking care of a terminally ill patient/family member. The interviews were transcribed and coded accordingly, and the data were  analyzed using inductive thematic methods which helped to extract participants’ chronological experiences in caring for terminally  ill family members. The results show that families and caregivers face chronic stress and exhaustion when caring for their terminally ill  members. Participants reported pressure and socio-economic challenges as factors affecting the management of family members with  terminal health conditions. The study has implications for social work and other service-based professionals in healthcare. It calls for the  design of holistic care interventions, involving both the patients and family caregivers. The study also draws attention to the need to  revitalize palliative care services at every level of the healthcare delivery system in Nigeria with options for home services.
The Role of Community-Based Initiatives in Enhancing Water Quality and Livelihoods in Rural Tanzania: A Case Study of Mvomero Distric
Authors: Mgonja Rajab , Massawe Pascal
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of community initiatives on water quality and household livelihoods in Mvomero District, Tanzania. With a focus on the FuatiliaMaji project. The studyexplores how these initiatives influence both water quality and the socio-economic well-being of households. Using a cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 130 households through structured questionnaires. The analysis revealed that community-based monitoring, water conservation efforts, and the protection of water sources positively contribute to improved water quality. Moreover, these initiatives were found to enhance household income, health, and overall livelihood, although challenges related to water cost and time spent fetching water persist. The study highlights the importance of affordable water solutions and strengthened community participation in water governance to foster sustainable water management practices. The findings suggest that increasing investments in water infrastructure, scaling up community-based monitoring systems, and reducing the economic and time burdens of water collection are crucial for improving both water quality and household livelihoods in the region.
First report of Pachycoris torridus (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) in Carya illinoinensis (Juglandaceae) in Brazil
Authors: Savaris Daian Marcos , Turmina Claudiney , Bernardi Daniel , Nava Dori Edson , Ribeiro Leandro Prado
Published: November 2024

The cultivation of pecan tree Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch (Juglandaceae) is increasing in Brazil for nuts production and reforestation for wood as well as for shading in agrosilvopastoral systems. Here, we report the first occurrence of the stink bug Pachycoris torridus (Scopoli, 1772) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) associated to pecan fruits in a commercial orchard in the municipality of Galvão, Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil and its potential as a new pest of this fruit and/or forest species.
Assessment of quality of life in people living with hemophilia: A case study of Yaoundé Hemophilia Treatment Centre, Cameroon
Authors: Kamela Aurélien Chendjou , Ndoumba Annick Mintya , Mabopda Verdiane , Noumtchue Kevin Romuald Nana , Mbanya Dora , Tagny Claude Tayou
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Hemophilia is a sex-linked bleeding disorder resulting from deficiencies in coagulation factors, predominantly affecting individuals in developing countries. This study aims to assess the quality of life (QoL) of people living with hemophilia (PLWH) at the Yaoundé Hemophilia Treatment Centre (HTC), as no prior studies have been conducted in Cameroon.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to May 2022. We recruited 43 male patients with confirmed hemophilia, utilizing the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D-Y questionnaires to evaluate QoL. Data were analyzed using R software, with statistical significance set at p <0.05.

Results: The mean age of participants was 17.3 years. Hemophilia A was prevalent in 88.4% of cases, with a mean age at diagnosis of 4.9 years. Most patients (67.4%) received on-demand treatment, and the primary complaint was joint pain. The overall EQ-5D utility score was 0.72, indicating moderate QoL, with VAS scores of 67.6 for both adults and children.

Conclusion: The QoL of PLWH at the Yaoundé HTC is moderate according to the Blom cut-off scale.
Life insurance contract – concept and basic characteristics
Authors:   Singidunum Universuty, Faculty of Business, Belgrade, Serbia, Martinov Darija
Published: November 2024

Life insurance contract is one of the most significant contracts in the field of insurance. Its roots extend to the ancient period, with its development being linked to various religious and professional associations and institutions. In modern law of various European countries, the life insurance contract is often not defined separately but is encompassed under the general concept of an insurance contract. To highlight the special characteristics of the life insurance contract where necessary, its specifics are outlined in relation to the general legal rules on insurance contracts. This approach is also adopted in the Serbian Law of Contracts and Torts, as well as in the positive law of many countries in the region. A life insurance contract is bilateral, aleatory, onerous, named, formal, adhesive, successive, and a sum contract. It is also a commercial contract and with a particularly emphasised aspect of mutual trust. Through a thorough analysis of its legal definition and various aspects of its legal nature, this paper presents the reader a comprehensive picture of the concept and basic characteristics of the modern life insurance contract.
Boca seca
Authors: Bertotti Maitê , Trevisani Virginia Fernandes Moça
Published: November 2024

A saliva é essencial para a homeostasia bucal e as alterações em seu fluxo podem afetar sua composição e função. A hipossalivação é diagnosticada quando o fluxo é inferior a 0,1 mL/min de saliva não estimulada ou 0,7 mL/min de saliva estimulada mecânica ou quimicamente. Para esta avaliação, utilizam-se testes de sialometria estimulados e não estimulado. Pacientes com hipossalivação apresentam alteração na composição da saliva e da microbiota oral, aumento da incidência de cáries e candidíase. A diminuição da saliva também resulta em sintomas de ardência bucal, dificuldade para falar e engolir, disgeusia e mau hálito. O tratamento visa a aliviar os sintomas e prevenir as complicações, sendo recomendado para todos os pacientes com boca seca uma boa hidratação, ajustes na alimentação e na higiene bucal, proteção labial, estímulos mastigatórios com gomas de mascar e pastilhas dissolvíveis. Medicamentos como pilocarpina e cevimelina, agonistas parassimpaticomiméticos dos receptores M3 da acetilcolina, estimulam a secreção das glândulas exócrinas podendo proporcionar aumento da produção salivar. Em casos onde a estimulação é ineficaz, utilizam-se substitutos salivares em solução, gel ou spray bucais. A abordagem terapêutica varia conforme a causa e a gravidade da hipossalivação.
Unitermos: hipossalivação; fluxo salivar; xerostomia; doença de Sjögren; substitutos salivares.
Doença de Sjögren extraglandular: compreendendo as manifestações renais
Authors: Marques Regis Suwa , da Silva Frederico Gaia Costa , Pugliesi Alisson
Published: November 2024

A acidose tubular renal distal (ATR) secundária à nefrite túbulo intersticial e a doença glomerular são os dois principais espectros de manifestações renais associadas à doença de Sjögren (DSj). A ATR se manifesta por hipocalemia, hipercalciúria, diminuição da excreção de citrato (e sintomas decorrentes disso), ao passo que a doença glomerular está frequentemente relacionada ao contexto de vasculite crioglobulinêmica, com sintomas e sinais típicos da síndrome nefrítica (hipertensão, proteinúria, hematúria e leucocitúria) e presença de crioglobulinas, fator reumatoide e consumo de complemento. Enquanto o tratamento da ATR baseia-se em reposição eletrolítica e controle da acidose metabólica, o sucesso do tratamento da glomerulonefrite depende de um tratamento imunossupressor precoce. Neste artigo, apresentaremos dois casos clínicos de forma a ilustrar o acometimento dos compartimentos tubulointersticial e glomerular renal na DSj.
Unitermos: doença de Sjögren; rim; acidose tubular renal; glomerulonefrite; vasculite crioglobulinêmica.
Tratamento de manifestações sistêmicas
Authors: Trevisani Virginia Fernandes Moça
Published: November 2024

O tratamento da doença de Sjögren (DSj) permanece um grande desafio. A falta de evidências faz com que a tomada de decisão terapêutica seja baseada em estudos realizados em condições clínicas semelhantes de outras doenças imunomediadas, em resultados de estudos observacionais prospectivos, ensaios clínicos com baixo número de participantes e na opinião de especialistas. No entanto, notamos nos últimos anos um crescente interesse pela busca de novos alvos terapêuticos, o que trará novas perspectivas no tratamento da DSj.
Unitermos: doença de Sjögren, tratamento.
Infecções: impacto clínico, mecanismos e estratégia de imunização
Authors: Pasoto Sandra Gofinet , Bonfá Eloisa
Published: November 2024

As infecções na doença de Sjögren (DSj) representam uma importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade, com destaque para infecções pulmonares, urinárias e herpes-zóster. As alterações imunológicas e o uso de imunossupressores contribuem para essa susceptibilidade aumentada. A imunização adequada, incluindo vacinas contra influenza, pneumococo, febre amarela e COVID-19, é essencial para reduzir o risco de infecções graves. Estudos demonstram que as vacinas são seguras para pacientes com DSj, embora a resposta imunológica possa ser diminuída, especialmente em pacientes sob tratamento com glicocorticoides e imunossupressores. Portanto, a profilaxia através da vacinação e o monitoramento constante são estratégias fundamentais na gestão das infecções em pacientes com DSj.
Unitermos: doença de Sjögren; infecção; imunização; COVID-19; vacinas.
Technology Of Developing Students’ Speaking Skills In The Process Of Teaching History
Authors: Botirova Sevara
Published: November 2024

Since the development of students' effective speech skills in history classes is one of the important tasks of education, this article examines the problems related to speech and comments of students studying in higher education. Also, it explains pedagogical theory and practical pedagogical technologies on a scientific basis and shows solutions to problematic situations.