bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imprint of Southern Ocean mesoscale eddies on chlorophyll
Authors: Frenger Ivy , Münnich Matthias , Gruber Nicolas
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Although mesoscale ocean eddies are ubiquitous in the Southern Ocean, their
average regional and seasonal association with phytoplankton has not been
quantified systematically yet. To this end, we identify over 100 000
mesoscale eddies with diameters of 50 km and more in the Southern Ocean and
determine the associated phytoplankton biomass anomalies using
satellite-based chlorophyll-a (Chl) as a proxy. The mean Chl anomalies,
δChl, associated with these eddies, comprising the upper echelon of
the oceanic mesoscale, exceed ±10 % over wide regions. The structure of
these anomalies is largely zonal, with cyclonic, thermocline lifted, eddies
having positive anomalies in the subtropical waters north of the Antarctic
Circumpolar Current (ACC) and negative anomalies along its main flow path.
The pattern is similar, but reversed for anticyclonic, thermocline deepened
eddies. The seasonality of δChl is weak in subtropical waters, but
pronounced along the ACC, featuring a seasonal sign switch. The spatial
structure and seasonality of the mesoscale δChl can be explained
largely by lateral advection, especially local eddy-stirring. A
prominent exception is the ACC region in winter, where δChl is
consistent with a modulation of phytoplankton light exposure caused by an
eddy-induced modification of the mixed layer depth. The clear impact of
mesoscale eddies on phytoplankton may implicate a downstream effect on
Southern Ocean biogeochemical properties, such as mode water nutrient
contents.
Isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosol in the global aerosol–chemistry–climate model ECHAM6.3.0–HAM2.3–MOZ1.0
Authors: Stadtler Scarlet , Kühn Thomas , Schröder Sabine , Taraborrelli Domenico , Schultz Martin G. , Kokkola Harri
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Within the framework of the global chemistry climate model
ECHAM–HAMMOZ, a novel explicit coupling between the sectional aerosol model
HAM-SALSA and the chemistry model MOZ was established to form isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosol (iSOA). Isoprene oxidation in the chemistry
model MOZ is described by a semi-explicit scheme consisting of 147 reactions
embedded in a detailed atmospheric chemical mechanism with a total of
779 reactions. Semi-volatile and low-volatile compounds produced during
isoprene photooxidation are identified and explicitly partitioned by
HAM-SALSA. A group contribution method was used to estimate their evaporation
enthalpies and corresponding saturation vapor pressures, which are used by
HAM-SALSA to calculate the saturation concentration of each iSOA precursor.
With this method, every single precursor is tracked in terms of condensation
and evaporation in each aerosol size bin. This approach led to the
identification of dihydroxy dihydroperoxide (ISOP(OOH)2) as a main
contributor to iSOA formation. Further, the reactive uptake of isoprene
epoxydiols (IEPOXs) and isoprene-derived glyoxal were included as iSOA
sources. The parameterization of IEPOX reactive uptake includes a dependency
on aerosol pH value. This model framework connecting semi-explicit isoprene
oxidation with explicit treatment of aerosol tracers leads to a global
annual average isoprene SOA yield of 15 % relative to the primary
oxidation of isoprene by OH, NO3 and ozone. With 445.1 Tg
(392.1 Tg C) isoprene emitted, an iSOA source of 138.5 Tg (56.7 Tg C) is
simulated. The major part of iSOA in ECHAM–HAMMOZ is produced by IEPOX
at 42.4 Tg (21.0 Tg C) and ISOP(OOH)2 at 78.0 Tg (27.9 Tg C). The main sink
process is particle wet deposition, which removes 133.6 (54.7 Tg C). The
average iSOA burden reaches 1.4 Tg (0.6 Tg C) in the year 2012.
The role of subtemperate slip in thermally driven ice stream margin migration
Authors: Haseloff Marianne , Schoof Christian , Gagliardini Olivier
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The amount of ice discharged by an ice stream depends on its width, and the widths of unconfined ice streams such as the Siple Coast ice streams in West Antarctica have been observed to evolve on decadal to centennial timescales. Thermally driven widening of ice streams provides a mechanism for this observed variability through melting of the frozen beds of adjacent ice ridges. This widening is driven by the heat dissipation in the ice stream margin, where strain rates are high, and at the bed of the ice ridge, where subtemperate sliding is possible. The inflow of cold ice from the neighboring ice ridges impedes ice stream widening. Determining the migration rate of the margin requires resolving conductive and advective heat transfer processes on very small scales in the ice stream margin, and these processes cannot be resolved by large-scale ice sheet models. Here, we exploit the thermal boundary layer structure in the ice stream margin to investigate how the migration rate depends on these different processes. We derive a parameterization of the migration rate in terms of parameters that can be estimated from observations or large-scale model outputs, including the lateral shear stress in the ice stream margin, the ice thickness of the stream, the influx of ice from the ridge, and the bed temperature of the ice ridge. This parameterization will allow the incorporation of ice stream margin migration into large-scale ice sheet models.
REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE ENFERMEIROS DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE SOBRE CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM NO PÓS-PARTO
Authors: Dantas Sibele Lima da Costa , Rodrigues Dafne Paiva , Fialho Ana Virgínia de Melo , Barbosa Eryjosy Marculino Guerreiro , Pereira Ana Maria Martins , De Mesquita Nayara Sousa
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: apreender as representações sociais de enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde sobre o cuidadode enfermagem no pós-parto. Método: estudo qualitativo, norteado pela Teoria das Representações Sociais, desenvolvidode setembro a outubro de 2015, com 31 enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Mossoró, RioGrande do Norte, Brasil, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio do softwareALCESTE, que realiza análise lexical de dados textuais. Resultados: verificou-se que os enfermeiros ancoram o cuidadode enfermagem no puerpério como cuidados desenvolvidos ao recém-nascido, priorizando a consulta de puericulturaem detrimento da puerperal. Conclusão: é necessário que os enfermeiros desenvolvam o cuidado de enfermagem nopós-parto de forma integral, direcionado para além dos procedimentos técnicos, por meio de escuta qualificada e atençãoàs necessidades biopsicossociais da puérpera.
AÇÃO EDUCATIVA PARA A PADRONIZAÇÃO NO MANEJO DO CATETER DE HICKMAN®
Authors: Danski Mitzy Tannia Reichembach , Da Silva Sandra Regina , Pontes Letícia , Pedrolo Edivane
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: habilitar a equipe de Enfermagem de um serviço de transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticasno manejo do cateter de Hickman®. Método: pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiroe março de 2017, em um hospital público do Sul do Brasil, por meio de questionários que foram analisados medianteestatística descritiva. Resultados: habilitaram-se 44 participantes. Das questões abordadas, tiveram melhor resultadoapós as orientações: definição de cateter venoso central de curta permanência (79,55% para 93,18%de acertos); materiale posição do cateter (75% para 88,64%); características do cateter (54,55% para 65,91%); procedimentos imediatosà inserção do cateter (2,27% para 18,18%); lavagem, pressão positiva e refluxo induzido pela seringa (72,73% para97,73%); bloqueio do cateter (84,09% para 97,73%); volume do priming(22,73%para 54,55%). Conclusão: o processoeducativo desenvolvido possibilitou a instrumentalização dos profissionais para um conhecimento mais homogêneono manejo do cateter de Hickman®.
Assessment of Indigenous N, P and K Supply for Rice Site Specific Nutrient Management in Buru Regency
Authors: Susanto Andriko Noto , Sirappa Marthen Pasang
Published: August 2018

Rate of fertilizer that should be applied to rice soil based on Site Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) depends on indigenous nutrient supply, its recovery efficiency, and the amount of nutrients requirement to achieve the yield target. Research on nutrient omission plot was conducted in farmers irrigated land on Waeapo plain, Buru Island. In this area, N, P, and K were the main limiting factors of rice growth and yield. To overcome the constraint, this assessment was conducted to determine the indigenous supply of N, P and K and optimal target of rice productivity. Results of this assessment showed that  the average of rice optimum productivity (Mg grain water content/w.c. 14% ha-1)  in Waeapo plain was 6.55 Mg DGM (Dry Grain Milled) ha-1, with range from 5.6 to 7.3 Mg DGM ha-1 depended on the indigenous supply of  N, P and K. The average value of the indigenous N, P and K supplies in Waeapo plain  Buru was 65.59 kg N ha-1, 13.70 kg P ha-1 and 78.65 kg K ha-1, respectively while average productivity of rice on that indigenous N, P and K supplies was 5.05, 5.96 and 6.05Mg DGM ha-1, respectively. The value of indigenous nutrient supply of this nutrient can be used as a basis of fertilizer recommendation with the SSNM concept. Keywords: Indigenous nutrient supply; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; Site Specific Nutrient Management [How to Cite: Andriko NS and  MP Sirappa. 2014. Assessment of Indigenous N, P and K Supply for Rice Site Specific Nutrient Management in Buru Regency. J Trop Soils 19: 151-159. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.151]
Utilizing Coal Ash and Humic Substances as Soil Ameliorant on Reclaimed Post-Mining Land
Authors: Oklima Ade Mariyam , Sudarsono . , Iskandar . , Suryaningtyas Dyah Tjahyandari
Published: August 2018

Coal ash and humic substances can be used as soil ameliorant in the reclamation of formerly mined land. Due to its high pH and nutrients content, coal ash can be used to improve the chemical properties of the soil, such as increasing of pH, and increasing the levels of nutrients availability in the soil. Humic substances may also be used to complement, as they can increase the release of nutrients from the coal ash. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of coal ash and humic substances on soil chemical characteristics, nutrient absorption, and plant growth. This study was conducted in two locations - in a nursery area, involving two treatment factors: coal ash at different dosages (0, 200, and 400 g polybag-1), and humic material also at varying dosages (0, 0.04, and 0.08 g C polybag-1); and in a post-mining field using similar treatments: coal ash dosage (0, 2.5, and 5.0 kg planting-1 hole) and humic material dosage (0, 0.56, and 1.12 g C planting hole-1). The results showed that coal ash and humic materials significantly increased the soil pH, available P, and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg. Coal ash also contained a number of heavy metals but in quantities that are far below the limits set by both Indonesian Government Regulation and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The above soil amelioration effects mean that. applicaton of coal ash and humic substances can significantly increase the growth of Jabon trees in the reclaimed post-mining land.[How to Cite: Ade MO, Sudarsono, Iskandar and DT Suryaningtyas. 2014. Utilizing Coal Ash and Humic Substances as Soil Ameliorant on Reclaimed Post-Mining Land. J Trop Soils 19: 161-169. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.161] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.161]
The Animacy Advantage in Memory: Manipulations of Levels of Processing and Survival Processing
Authors: Leding Juliana K.
Published: August 2018

Two experiments were conducted to explore the animacy advantage in memory, which has shown that words for animate objects are more likely to be remembered than words for inanimate objects. In the first experiment, participants processed words for animate and inanimate objects either shallowly (i.e., by indicating whether each word contained an “e”) or deeply (i.e., by rating the pleasantness of the items). In the second experiment, participants rated the relevance of the study items to either a moving scenario or to a grasslands survival scenario. As expected, in the first experiment the deep processing led to higher rates of recall, and in the second experiment the grasslands survival scenario led to higher rates of recall. In both experiments, animate words were recalled at a significantly higher rate than inanimate words regardless of processing condition. The data from these experiments provide more evidence for the animacy advantage in memory, which supports the adaptive memory view.
Demonstrating Conceptual Clustering in Autobiographical Memory with Voluntary Recall Tasks: More Evidence for the Conceptual Organization View
Authors: Mace John H. , Hall Austin J.
Published: August 2018

Research on the nature of episodic memory organization has suggested that the dominant organizing principle among episodic memories is either conceptual organization, where memories cluster around the same content (e.g., memories about the people), or a type of temporal organization known as general events, where memories cluster around extended events (e.g., a holiday in London), repeated events (e.g., Sunday walks in the park), or causally related events (i.e., where one event leads to another). Because these opposing conclusions have been derived separately from involuntary or voluntary measures of autobiographical memory, Mace, Clevinger, and Martin (2010) hypothesized that involuntary retrieval processes and voluntary retrieval processes may be accessing episodic memories differentially, such that one produces high frequencies of conceptually clustered memories, whereas the other produces high frequencies of general event clustered memories. This study failed to find support for this hypothesis. In 2 experiments, 3 different types of voluntary retrieval tasks found that conceptually clustered memories were substantially more frequent than general event clustered memories. We argue that these results support the view that episodic memories are organized mainly conceptually.
Comparison of image quality of an abdominal acquisition mode of angiography systems from four major manufacturers
Authors: Sukupova Lucie , Rydlo Jan , Hlavacek Ondrej , Vedlich Daniel , Peregrin Jan H.
Published: August 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare image quality of different abdominal acquisition modes under conditions simulating obese patients whose images suffer more from noise and scatter radiation. Images were acquired in clinically used acquisition modes on the static and dynamic phantom for four angiography systems.Methods: A LEGO cart with 34 cm of PMMA and Pro-RTG Fluo18 phantom were used to simulate obese patients. The low-contrast resolution was assessed subjectively by two readers and objectively using signal-difference-to-noise ratio (SDNR) and using SDNR to air kerma rate. The line-pair resolution was assessed using the transmitted contrast value for line-pair groups.Results: Systems use different exposure parameters and dose but they differ in postprocessing too. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of noise produced similar results, images produced by systems A and C were noisier than by systems B and D. Highest SDNR was provided by System B, whilst System A produced the lowest values, which were almost the same for objects with different contrast. The image quality was affected mainly by frame lengths and postprocessing, but also by the dose. The images of the static phantom were better compared to the images of the dynamic phantom, which was an expected result.Conclusions: It was possible to identify image quality differences and to characterize features of postprocessing from measurements on standardized objects. A potential for optimization on some systems was identified, although further work, including assessment of clinical images, would be needed as part of the optimization process.
A expansão da mancha urbana da cidade de Guarapuava-PR, entre 1940 e 2016
Authors: De Souza Gomes Emerson , Redin Vestena Leandro
Published: August 2018

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a expansão físico-territorial urbana de Guarapuava-PR, entre 1940 e 2016, por meio do mapeamento da ocupação urbana, utilizando-se de diversas fontes cartográficas e técnicas de geoprocessamento. A cidade de Guarapuava é de porte médio e localiza-se na região Centro-Sul do Estado do Paraná, região que apresenta baixa dinâmica econômica e os mais baixos IDH (Índices de Desenvolvimento Humano) do Estado do Paraná. Os dados utilizados para identificação da ocupação urbana em diferentes décadas foram cartas analógicas de loteamentos urbanos registrados, cartas topográficas, fotografias áreas e imagens de satélites. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram na integração e processamento dos diferentes dados cartográficos em um SIG (Sistema de Informação Geográfica). A expansão físico-territorial urbana de Guarapuava entre 1940 e 2016 deu-se em três fases distintas: até 1960, de 1960 a 1990, e após 1990. A primeira fase, até 1960 foi marcada por uma urbanização incipiente, com pequena taxa de expansão da área urbana; na fase de 1960 a 1990 por elevada taxa de urbanização na cidade, com significativa expansão das áreas urbanas; enquanto que a fase após 1990 é caracterizada pelo adensamento populacional.
Mudanças climáticas e movimentos sociais do campo
Authors: Verges João Vitor Gobis , Nunes João Osvaldo Rodrigues
Published: August 2018

As mudanças climáticas têm se colocado como temática importante da pauta política de inúmeros países. A partir das necessidades deste contexto, torna-se preciso compreender as diferentes alocações no assunto provindas de múltiplos atores em sociedade, buscando contribuir com a delimitação de ações públicas menos excludentes. Por este viés, objetivou-se com este trabalho evidenciar os contornos propositivos e combativos dispostos por movimentos sociais do campo sobre a temática “mudanças climáticas”. Para isto, utilizou-se do aporte dialético para a análise de informações obtidas através de entrevistas com movimentos sociais, levantamento de dados em publicações científicas, mídias, preleções e informativos. Foram tomados como parâmetros três movimentos sociais significativos em escalas internacional e nacional, sendo eles: La Via Campesina; Movimento de Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST); Movimento de Mulheres Camponesas (MMC). Concluí-se que tais agentes sociais se colocam como importantes atores na temática, com proposições definidas e diferenciadas das abordagens provindas dos principais protocolos globais. Desse modo, a não conjugação de suas indicações pode gerar marginalização e processos de exclusão nas formatações de agendas específicas sobre o tema.
Percepção ambiental da população da cidade da Lapa - PR em relação ao Parque Estadual do Monge
Authors: Micaloski Mariana Meira , Soares Ronaldo Viana , Tetto Alexandre França
Published: August 2018

Estudos de percepção ambiental contribuem para a utilização mais racional dos recursos naturais. Tais estudos têm importância para uma melhor compreensão da inter-relação entre o homem e o ambiente, sendo que uma das maiores dificuldades na proteção dos ecossistemas está na existência de diferentes percepções dos valores e da importância entre os indivíduos de culturas diferentes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a percepção ambiental da população da cidade da Lapa em relação ao Parque Estadual do Monge, por meio da aplicação de questionários. Foram aplicados 96 questionários, tanto em dias da semana como no final de semana em duas ruas principais da cidade. Os resultados mostraram que 63,27% dos entrevistados não sabiam o que é uma unidade de conservação. Apesar de o município possuir quatro unidades de conservação, 69,39% não sabem da existência de tais áreas na cidade. Em relação ao Parque do Monge, 48% dos entrevistados afirmaram não saber qual é seu objetivo, e dos 52% que responderam saber qual o objetivo do parque, 22% afirmaram que a unidade tinha como única finalidade o turismo na cidade. Os dados obtidos mostraram o pouco entendimento da população sobre questões relacionadas à unidades de conservação e ao Parque Estadual do Monge.
Princípios da organização e do emprego de forças especiais em escala mundial
Authors: Silva Antenor Alves , Martinez Vinício Carrilho
Published: August 2018

Muitos Estados soberanos, além da Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte (OTAN) e da União Europeia (UE), contam com o serviço de tropas militares especializadas para realização de operações que demandam maiores velocidade, precisão e sigilo, seja no seu próprio território ou além de suas fronteiras, caso sejam do seu interesse político ou econômico, pois nem sempre a diplomacia consegue atingir os objetivos institucionais de modo eficaz. Essas ações militares são executadas pelos mais diversos tipos de forças especiais – cujos modi operandi dependerão, basicamente, das doutrinas de emprego operacional que as orientam – e visam, entre outros interesses, neutralizar uma grande lista de ameaças, que vai desde movimentos insurgentes domésticos, como no fim da União Soviética, até grupos terroristas transnacionais, como visto desde a criação do Estado de Israel em 1948. Com características táticas, estratégicas, humanas e materiais distintas das operações militares convencionais, as operações especiais conduzidas pelas Forças Armadas passam a figurar entre um dos problemas mais sensíveis das relações internacionais contemporâneas. Compreender implicações políticas e espaciais desse tema cresce em importância haja vista ser factível verificar outras manifestações geopolíticas, como a fragmentação do princípio clássico de soberania; e sua ligação com outro fenômeno político, a guerra.
he Effect of the 6+1 Trait Writing Model on ESP University Students Critical Thinking and Writing Achievement
Authors: Qoura Ali A. , Zahran Faten A.
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the 6+1 trait writing model on ESP university students' critical thinking and writing achievement. It was assumed that students who receive training using the 6+1 trait writing model would reveal greater gains in critical thinking and writing achievement. Six instruments -designed by the researchers- included: (critical thinking skills checklist, writing skills checklist, critical thinking skills test, writing skills test and scoring rubric for critical thinking and analytic scoring rubric for writing) were used for data collection. Results revealed that the traditional method used to teach writing is not as effective as the 6+1 trait writing model that developed critical thinking and writing achievement. The experimental group outdid their counterparts in the control group in critical thinking and writing performance test scores.
Production of Seedlings of Yellow Passion Fruit Plant in Different Substrates and Saline Levels
Authors: Gomes Camile Dutra Lourenço , Sá Jolinda Mércia de , Leitão Erllan Tavares Costa , Rodrigues Marilia Hortência Batista Silva , Sousa Valeria Fernandes de Oliveira , Melo Raul Amador Pinheiro de , Nobre Reginaldo Gomes , Paiva Francisco Jean da Silva , Santos Adriana da Silva , Farias Josivalter de Araújo , Brilhante Cledinildo Lopes
Published: August 2018

In the process of production of seedlings the formulation of substrates that supply the nutritional needs and make available appropriate humidity tenor is relevant for the success and the reduction of costs of the producing with other inputs. In this perspective, it is known that alternative substrates are rich in organic matter, which possesses extenuating action for the harmful effect of the salinity. Therefore, it was aimed at to evaluate the effect of saline waters and formulations of substrates in the production of seedlings of yellow passion fruit plant. Experiment was driven in atmosphere protected in the dependences of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Paraíba. The randomized block design was used in factorial outline 5 × 5, being five levels of salinity of the irrigation water (0.3; 1.3; 2.3; 3.3 and 4.3 dS m-1) and five substrates: S1 = soil; S2 = soil, goat manure and bovine manure (1:1:1); S3 = soil and goat manure (3:1); S4 = soil and bovine manure (3:1); S5 = soil, goat manure and bovine manure (3:0.5:0.5). To the 52 days after the sowing the growth analyses and quality of the seedlings were checked. The growth of the passion fruit plant seedlings was inhibited by the salinity in the irrigation water. However, the use of organic inputs in the formulation of the substratum lessens the harmful effect of the saline stress, being the best substratum, soil and bovid manure in the proportion 3:1.
Intermediate Maturing Soybean Produce Multiple Benefits at 1:2 Maize:Soybean Planting Density
Authors: Simbine Margarida G. , Baijukya Frederick P. , Onwonga Richard N.
Published: August 2018

A study was conducted to identify the most suitable intercropping arrangement in smallholder farms in Western Kenya. Biomass and N (nitrogen)-accumulation, N2 fixation and grain yield of maize and soybeans grown as intercrops at three planting densities were assessed. The study was conducted in four seasons. Three soybean varieties, Namsoy 4m, SC Squire and TGx1987-18F, were used in the experiment. Maize: soybean planting densities 1:1 (D1), 1:2 (D2), 1:3 (D3) as well as sole soybean (SS) and sole maize (SM) were tested. Higher biomass, N-accumulation, and N-fixed in the order 3.8 Mg ha-1, 260 kg ha-1 and 161 kg ha-1 respectively, were recorded in D3 with long maturing variety TGx1987-18F. Conversely, higher soybean grain yield < 2.4 Mg ha-1 was achieved by intermediate maturing SC Squire in D3. The highest maize yield in the intercrop was obtained in D1. N balance calculations indicated that planting TGx1987-18F resulted in an addition of 6 to 67 kg N ha-1, while SC Squire and Namsoy 4 m removed 3 to 89 kg N ha-1 when soybean grain was removed from the field. The differences in N balances between the intercrops depended on the N-fixed and the amount of N in harvested soybean and maize grain. Greater land equivalent ratio < 1.75 were obtained with SC Squire and Namsoy 4m in D2. We concluded that intermediate maturing soybean have multiple benefits for farmers in Western Kenya at 1:2 maize: soybean planting density provided that the practice is accompanied with good soil and crop management practices.
Uptake and Exportation of Micronutrients by Transgenic Cultivars of Maize Under No-tillage in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Martinez Gutierrez Aaron , Resende Álvaro Vilela De , Silva Carine Gregorio Machado , Martins Denize Carvalho , Simão Eduardo De Paula , Moreira Silvino Guimarães , Ferreira Jose Paulo da Costa
Published: August 2018

Introducing cultivars of high productive potential with adequate agronomic management has contributed to the increase of maize yield in Brazil. This study aimed to characterize the extraction and exportation of micronutrients by modern maize hybrids grown in no-tillage system in the Cerrado region (Brazilian Savannah) with two fertilization levels. We established two crop environments with differentiated levels of soil fertilization, use of products for seed treatment and leaf fertilization, in which four transgenic hybrids were grown. For each environment, we used an experimental design of randomized blocks with four replicates. There were eleven plant samplings during the crop cycle to quantify dry mass production and Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn extraction. Micronutrient uptake is increased when a hybrid with higher potential for biomass production grows in an environment with greater supply of nutrients. Uptake persists throughout the maize cycle, including during the final stages of the reproductive phase, showing late demand for the crop. On average, after tasseling, about 39, 50, 42, and 49% of the total Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn absorption still occurs, respectively. Total uptake of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are, respectively, around 8, 199, 58 and 40 g to produce a tonne of grain, from which 23, 5, 8, and 42% are exported by the harvest. Micronutrient uptake and exportation rates for the studied transgenic hybrids are lower than the ones previously reported in Brazil and in works abroad.
Phytotoxicity of Herbicides in Seedlings of Sweet Passion Fruit
Authors: do Amaral Uirá do , Ferreira Luiz Leonardo , de Souza Kelly Martins , Vieira Emerson Pereira , Barcelos Michelle Nunes
Published: August 2018

The culture of sweet passion fruit has been increasingly studied and exploited commercially in Brazil, with emphasis on the State of São Paulo. This is due to the high value achieved in the market of fresh fruit and be considered a food with functional properties beneficial to human health. However, the cultivation on a large scale finds some obstacles, as the control of weeds with the use of herbicides. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the phytotoxicity of seven herbicides with different mechanisms of action in seedlings of sweet passion fruit. Different variables were assessed: initial plant height (IPH) and final plant height (FPH); initial number of sheets (INS) and end number of sheets (ENS); intoxication of plants (INTO); fresh leaf mass (FLM) and dry leaf mass (DLM); fresh stem mass (FSM); dry steam mass (DSM); fresh root mass (FRM) and dry root mass (DRM) and total dry mass (TDM). Chlorimuron-ethyl (ALS inhibitor), glyphosate (EPSP synthase inhibitor), paraquat (photosystem I inhibitor) and atrazine (photosystem II inhibitor) have the higher effect on the variables analyzed, and they caused some kind of intoxication in the plants of sweet passion fruit. Conversely, haloxyfop-p-methyl (ACCase inhibitor) and fomesafen (protox inhibitor) showed a lesser effect on the sweet passion fruit plants.
Blueberry Propagation by Minicuttings in Response to Substrates and Indolebutyric Acid Application Methods
Authors: Colombo Ronan C. , Carvalho Deived U. de , Cruz Maria A. da , Roberto Sergio R.
Published: August 2018

The nursery plants supply is one of the most important factors that limites blueberries production in some areas, due to some propagation difficulties observed on this species. In this way, this study aimed to evaluate substrates and IBA application methods on ‘Powderblue’ blueberries (Vaccinium ashei) minicuttings rooting, as well as to verify the rooting development in different periods. The study was divided in two experiments. The first one aimed to evaluate ‘Powderblue’ blueberry minicuttings rooting in three substrates (pine bark, carbonized rice husk and vermiculite) in response to two indolebutyric acid (IBA) application methods: 50% alcohol solution and talc. The second experiment aimed to evaluate ‘Powderblue’ blueberry minicuttings rooting using the best substrate recorded in the first trial (pine bark) and two IBA application methods associated to three periods of rooting access, in order to obtain the ideal rooting period and root development. In the first experiment the rooting percentage presented significant difference among the substrates; the higher percentage of rooted minicuttings occurred in pine bark substrate (68%). Regarding the methods used to IBA application, the talc method was more efficient to promote minicuttings rooting. In the second experiment, it was observed an increase in cutting rooting percentage from 55 to 84%, according to the evaluated seasons; however, the IBA application method did not influence the rooting percentage. Therefore, to produce ‘Powderblue’ blueberry plants from minicuttings it is recommended to use pine bark as substrate and talc as method to IBA application, transplanting the nurseries at 110 days after planting.
Maize Sowing Speeds and Seed-Metering Mechanisms
Authors: Ormond Antonio Tassio Santana , Furlani Carlos Eduardo Angeli , Oliveira Mailson Freire de , Noronha Rafael Henrique de Freita , Tavares Tiago de Oliveira , Menezes Patricia Candida de
Published: August 2018

The intensifying use of machines in agriculture to increase operational capacity requires investments in more powerful and automated machines capable of working at higher speeds to meet the demands of agricultural activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sowing quality of a second crop maize using a pneumatic sowing machine equipped with two seed-metering devices at different displacement speeds. The statistical design was a randomized block design arranged in 6 × 2 factorial, with 4 replications, totaling 48 experimental plots. Where it was tested two seed-metering mechanisms from different manufacturers denominated A and B, and 6 displacement speeds of approximately 2.0; 4.7; 6.5; 9.1; 10.3 and 12.3 km h-1. The seed-metering mechanisms were compared by mean test while displacement speeds were compared by regression plots. The initial and final plant populations, seed depth, seedling longitudinal distribution (normal, faulty and double spacing) and grain yield were also evaluated. Displacement speed and seed-metering devices showed significant interaction only for the percentages of normal, faulty, and double spacings. The initial and final population presented an isolated effect for both the seed-metering devices and velocities. The seed depth showed an isolated velocity effect. The grain yield showed a significant isolated effect from the analyzed seed-metering devices. The seed-metering device B operating at lower speeds had better performance in the sowing process.
Adaptability and Phenotypic Stability of the Sugarcane RB Genotype by the AMMI Method
Authors: Magalhães Talyta Amaral , Silva Gheysa Coelho , Rocha Paulo Machado , Silva José Wilson da , Mendonça Júnior Antonio Francisco de , Oliveira Francisco José de
Published: August 2018

The objective of this work is to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic stability of the RB sugarcane genotype using the AMMI method. The experiments were performed in five production units in the state of Pernambuco, in cultivars of sugarcane soca and ressoca, using 14 RB sugarcane genotypes—11 RB clones of series 2004 and three cultivars as controls. Each combination of production unit × cutting was considered as environment, for a total of 13 environments. The experimental design was with random blocks, and four repetitions. We estimated the parameters tons of sugarcane per hectare (TCH) and tons of pol per hectare (TPH). The genotype G12 displayed general adaptability, phenotypic stability and high productivity for the two parameters. The genotypes G10, G13 and G14 had the highest yield, largest contribution of G×E, indicating specific adaptability. The environments A12 and A13, in Primavera, are recommended for preliminary selection trials.
Performers and an active audience: Movement in music production and perception
Authors: Bishop Laura , Goebl Werner
Published: August 2018

Musical communication involves performance and perception processes, both of which engage the sensorimotor system. In much of the performance science literature, however, musical communication is conceptualized as a one-way trajectory from active performer to passive listener, minimizing the contribution of the listener and the collaborative nature of communication. In this paper, we discuss how movement contributes to 1) music performance, through sound production, interperformer coordination, and visual expressivity, and 2) music perception, through the simulation of observed gestures, activation of crossmodal associations, and induction of overt synchronized responses. Embodied music cognition, which treats musical communication as a process of dynamic interaction between individuals, and emphasizes the role of the physical body in mediating between environmental stimuli and subjective experiences, provides a background for our discussion. We conclude the paper with a discussion of how ongoing technological developments are simultaneously enhancing our ability to study musical communication (e.g., via integration of optical motion capture and mobile eye tracking) and, by introducing means of performing music that do not rely on human movement, challenging our understanding of how music and movement relate.
Virada digital? Pesquisa histórica no ciberespaço
Authors: Leme André
Published: August 2018

A popularização da informática e da rede mundial de computadores entre as novas gerações de alunos tomou o mundo acadêmico de surpresa. Os historiadores não ficaram alheios a essas mudanças e, aos poucos, aprenderam a usar as novas tecnologias em seu benefício. Pretendo mostrar aqui que o advento da world wide web permitiu que os pesquisadores da área de História modificassem significativamente sua forma de pesquisar. Não faz parte de meus objetivos neste trabalho abordar as produções históricas na rede ou as chamadas ‘humanidades digitais’; concentrar-me-ei agora apenas na fase de pesquisa da operação historiográfica.                                     Palavras-chave: Historiografia. Pesquisa Histórica. Pesquisa Bibliográfica. Busca Bibliográfica em Linha. Ferramentas de Busca na Web.
Sobre narrar a experiência e o outro: os riscos da xenía em "Meu Tio o Iauaretê"
Authors: Lopes da Costa Lorena
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo busca discutir alguns aspectos da xenía [hospitalidade] e os desafios concernentes à tarefa do historiador, aqui entendido como xénos [hóspede/ anfitrião/ estrangeiro]. Nesta oportunidade, tendo então como objeto o conto "Meu tio o Iauaretê" de João Guimarães Rosa, privilegio observar os riscos da relação de hospitalidade que rondam a condição de ser xénos, tanto do anfitrião de um estrangeiro desconhecido quanto do estrangeiro na casa de um anfitrião desconhecido. Reflito também sobre a ameaça a que está sujeita a apreensão da experiência da xenía por parte dos xénoi, e, assim, a que está sujeito o retorno do estrangeiro. Palavras-chave: Historiador. Historiografia. História e Literatura. Rosa, João Guimarães - 1908-1967.
Sentido público, direções privadas: o processo de formação político-institucional da Fiocruz (1970-1979)
Authors: Reis Tiago Siqueira
Published: August 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender a trajetória político e organizacional da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), entre os anos de 1970 e 1979, com ênfase na elaboração das estruturas normativas e funcionais, em especial no modelo de gestão empreendido nos primeiros anos da Fiocruz e no chamado processo de “recuperação de Manguinhos” (1975-1979), a partir da análise das fontes oficiais da instituição, sobretudo dos estatutos, dos relatórios de atividades e planos estratégicos. Partimos da hipótese de que se forjou na Fiocruz um projeto político-institucional constituído pela simbiose entre uma lógica funcional privada que se alimenta de sua identidade pública, no qual os interesses de natureza privada se sobrepõem à edificação de uma estrutura pública e estatal. Portanto, almejamos traçar uma análise crítica da trajetória da Fiocruz, compreendendo a formação de suas bases político-organizacional, os conflitos entre a noção de público e privado na instituição, bem como quais projetos foram contemplados.Palavras-chave: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – HISTÓRIA.  Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Aspectos políticos.  Manguinhos (Rio de Janeiro, RJ).
Tempo presente: entre os métiers do historiador e do jornalista
Authors: Monteiro José Fernando Saroba
Published: August 2018

Este artigo se propõe a fazer uma comparação entre os métiers do historiador e do jornalista, situando esses ofícios dentro da corrente historiográfica chamada História do Tempo Presente, de modo que procura também descrever as origens e desenvolvimento dessa corrente em âmbito internacional e nacional, seu lugar dentro da disciplina de História e junto às outras vertentes historiográficas. Procuramos, ainda, identificar a relação entre os campos da História e da Comunicação, estabelecendo semelhanças, diferenças e seus diferentes cruzamentos.Palavras-chave: Historiador. Jornalista. História do Tempo Presente.
Portugal, entre colonialismos e fascismos, na visão de Fernando Rosas
Authors: Lohn Reinaldo Lindolfo
Published: August 2018

Fernando Rosas nasceu em Lisboa há 72 anos. É atualmente professor catedrático aposentado no departamento de História da Faculdade de Ciência Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Foi um dos fundadores do Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC) da mesma instituição, o qual dirigiu entre 1994 e 2013. Com ampla atuação nos meios acadêmicos, da imprensa e políticos portugueses, é um dos importantes estudiosos contemporâneos do fenômeno dos fascismos. Sua produção científica e bibliográfica é vasta e muito influente em âmbito internacional. Ao longo de sua carreira profissional não deixou de exercer sua cidadania e de intervir nas grandes discussões que dominaram o processo político português, desde o movimento estudantil, quando foi um resistente ao regime salazarista, tendo sofrido perseguições e prisão, até os dias de hoje, quando não deixa de pesquisar e manifestar se sobre os temas mais candentes de um mundo em que os debates sobre a história dos fascismos e dos crimes cometidos pelo colonialismo continuam a ser indispensáveis. Entrevista concedida 24 de abril de 2018 no Instituto de História Contemporânea.
O “Jovem Marx” de Raoul Peck
Authors: Silva Claudinei Aparecido de Freitas
Published: August 2018

Resenha da obra:PECK, Raoul. O jovem Karl Marx. França, Alemanha, Bélgica: California Filmes, 2017, 119min.Sem se prender a uma análise técnica ou tendenciosamente ideológica, busco retratar, aqui, O Jovem Marx, do cineasta haitiano Raoul Peck que joga, nas telas, alguns aspectos não só biográficos, mas intelectuais que remontam o percurso juvenil de formação do pensador alemão.
Protein responses in kenaf plants exposed to drought conditions determined using iTRAQ technology
Authors: An Xia , Jin Guanrong , Zhang Jingyu , Luo Xiahong , Chen Changli , Li Wenlue , Ma GuangYing , Jin Liang , Dai Lunjin , Shi Xiaohua , Wei Wei , Zhu Guanlin
Published: August 2018

The molecular mechanisms that underlie drought stress responses in kenaf, an important crop for the production of natural fibers, are poorly understood. To address this issue, we describe here the first iTRAQ‐based comparative proteomic analysis of kenaf seedlings. Plants were divided into the following three treatment groups: Group A, watered normally (control); Group B, not watered for 6 days (drought treatment); and Group C, not watered for 5 days and then rewatered for 1 day (recovery treatment). A total of 5014 proteins were detected, including 4932 (i.e., 98.36%) that were matched to known proteins in a BLAST search. We detected 218, 107, and 348 proteins that were upregulated in Group B compared with Group A, Group C compared with Group A, and Group B compared with Group C, respectively. Additionally, 306, 145, and 231 downregulated proteins were detected during the same comparisons. Seventy differentially expressed proteins were analyzed and classified into 10 categories: photosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, fatty acid elongation, thiamine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, plant–pathogen interaction, and propanoate. Kenaf adapted to stress mainly by improving the metabolism of ATP, regulating photosynthesis according to light intensity, promoting the synthesis of osmoregulators, strengthening ion transport signal transmission, and promoting metabolism and cell stability. This is the first study to examine changes in protein expression in kenaf plants exposed to drought stress. Our results identified key drought‐responsive genes and proteins and may provide useful genetic information for improving kenaf stress resistance.
Design Principles and Multifunctionality in Cell Encapsulation Systems for Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Correia Clara R. , Reis Rui L. , Mano João F.
Published: August 2018

Cell encapsulation systems are being increasingly applied as multifunctional strategies to regenerate tissues. Lessons afforded with encapsulation systems aiming to treat endocrine diseases seem to be highly valuable for the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) systems of today, in which tissue regeneration and biomaterial integration are key components. Innumerous multifunctional systems for cell compartmentalization are being proposed to meet the specific needs required in the TERM field. Herein is reviewed the variable geometries proposed to produce cell encapsulation strategies toward tissue regeneration, including spherical and fiber‐shaped systems, and other complex shapes and arrangements that better mimic the highly hierarchical organization of native tissues. The application of such principles in the TERM field brings new possibilities for the development of highly complex systems, which holds tremendous promise for tissue regeneration. The complex systems aim to recreate adequate environmental signals found in native tissue (in particular during the regenerative process) to control the cellular outcome, and conferring multifunctional properties, namely the incorporation of bioactive molecules and the ability to create smart and adaptative systems in response to different stimuli. The new multifunctional properties of such systems that are being employed to fulfill the requirements of the TERM field are also discussed.
Peptide–Gold Nanoparticle Hybrids as Promising Anti‐Inflammatory Nanotherapeutics for Acute Lung Injury: In Vivo Efficacy, Biodistribution, and Clearance
Authors: Xiong Ye , Gao Wei , Xia Fan , Sun Yi , Sun Liya , Wang Ling , Ben Suqin , Turvey Stuart E. , Yang Hong , Li Qiang
Published: August 2018

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown great promises in various biomedical applications. Although GNPs exhibit excellent therapeutic efficacy in in vitro and in vivo in numerous studies, there still exists significant biosafety concerns, mainly for their nonbiodegradability and tendency to be trapped in the liver and spleen. To tackle this problem, hexapeptides are utilized to modify the GNP surface to not only impart them with potent anti‐inflammatory activity, but also facilitate their rapid clearance in vivo. Previously, a unique class of peptide‐GNP hybrids that potently inhibit multiple TLR signaling pathways in macrophages was identified; in this work, it is further demonstrated that these hybrids, after intratracheal instillation, are capable of effectively reducing lung inflammation and injury by decreasing neutrophil infiltration and increasing the number of regulatory T cells in the lung in a lipopolysaccharide‐induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. More importantly, these hybrids can be effectively excreted 26 h post‐administration with only 8.49 ± 0.70% of them remaining in the body, primarily in the lung and intestine and less than 0.03% accumulated in the liver and spleen. This work provides strong evidences that properly designed peptide‐GNP hybrids can serve as the next generation of effective and safe anti‐inflammatory nanotherapeutics to treat ALI.
Organic Light‐Emitting Field‐Effect Transistors: Device Geometries and Fabrication Techniques
Authors: Liu Cheng‐Fang , Liu Xu , Lai Wen‐Yong , Huang Wei
Published: August 2018

Organic light‐emitting transistors (OLETs), as novel and attractive kinds of organic electronic devices, have gained extensive attention from both academia and industry. The unique device architectures can simultaneously combine the electrical switching functionality of organic field‐effect transistors and the light generation capability of organic light‐emitting diodes in a single device, thereby holding great promise for reducing the complicated processes of next‐generation pixel circuitry. This review involves the design, fabrication, and applications of OLETs with a comprehensive coverage of this field with the aim to give a deep insight into the intrinsic mechanisms of devices. Challenges and future prospects of OLETs are also discussed.