bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basic Principles of the Oversight Functions of the House of Representatives on Legislative Functions in Indonesia
Authors: Indriyani Santi
Published: January 2023

Legislative products have caused public disapproval, so a judicial review has to be submitted to the Constitutional Court (MK). Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the basic principles of the DPR's oversight function of the legislative function in Indonesia. This research aims to examines the basic principles of the duties and powers of the DPR in the oversight function of the legislative function. This research is qualitative research using secondary data. The literature study method was used in collecting data in this study. The data analysis was done using data reduction, displaying, and verification. The study results show that applying the basic principles of the DPR's oversight function to the legislative function in Indonesia is a way or an attempt to see whether the legislative function is carried out according to plan. Oversight by the DPR in forming laws is a preventive measure, such as efforts to prevent irregularities, mistakes, and confusion. The basic principle of the DPR's oversight function of the legislative function contains democratic values, the value of balance, the value of truth, and the value of expediency, which is reflected in the principle of people's sovereignty, the principle of legal certainty, and the principle of justice.
Review of Sharia Economic Law on the Empowerment and Arrangement of Street Vendors in Palembang City
Authors: Utami Iftitah
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the Role of the Palembang City Tourism Service in Implementing Palembang Mayor's Regulation Number 37 of 2017 in Night Culinary Micro Enterprises in the Sudirman Pedestrian Area of Palembang City based on Sharia economic law. This research is motivated by the many economic activities carried out in the Sudirman Pedestrian Center of Palembang City, resulting in the arrangement of traders not running well. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a field research. This research is called empirical normative. The types of data in this study are primary and secondary. Data collection was done by interviewing and documenting. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, and qualitatively using deductive method. The results of the study concluded that the ​implementation of Palembang Mayor's Regulation Number 37 of 2017 provides an opportunity to strive, grow and develop business capabilities, and realize a city that is clean, safe, neat and beautiful. In economic law implementing Palembang Mayor's Regulation Number 37 of 2017 has been in accordance with the principles of sharia economic law, namely maslahah​ which aims to improve welfare to street vendors in the sudirman pedestrian area.​
Jurisdiction Issues of the International Court and the effectiveness of ICJ's Decision in the Russia-Ukraine Dispute Resolution
Authors: Wulandari Ria
Published: January 2023

In order for the Court to have jurisdiction over international issues, the disputing parties must accede to the Court's jurisdiction. Ukraine has independently brought its case before the International Court of Justice in its dispute with Russia. This calls into question both the Court's ability to resolve the issue and its own jurisdiction over it. Article 36, clauses 1-3, and article 41 of the Statute of the ICJ will be referenced in order to respond to these inquiries. This article uses a normative methodology. The research objective is to examine the effectiveness of the international court's decision. The method used in this research is normative. The approach method used is deductive. The research results show that the Court of International Justice does not have jurisdiction to issue a final decision but only has jurisdiction to issue a Provisional Measures. However this Provisional Measures will not be effective because the security council resolution as a means of forcing the implementation of the Provisional Measures will fail to be issued due to the Russian veto.
Instrumen Literasi Digital Guru Menggunakan Model Rasch
Authors: Lestari Weni , Wigati Indah , Sholeh Moh Ismail , Pramita Desi
Published: January 2023

The development of digital technology provides a significant role in the learning process. However, its utilization is very closely related to the skills possessed by the teacher. These skills can be identified with digital literacy instruments. This study aims to measure the accuracy and feasibility of digital literacy instruments for teachers. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative with a non-experimental/survey research design. The research sample consisted of 96 teachers teaching at the State Aliyah Madrasah in Palembang City, South Sumatra. The research data was obtained from an analysis of the teacher's digital literacy instrument questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model. The results showed that the item separation value was 3.54 where the instrument could identify the respondent's group. The item reliability value is 0.93 which is categorized as very good. The Cronbach Alpha value is 0.90 which indicates that the value is very good and consistent. The raw variance explained by measures is 31.8% where the instrument is actually able to measure what it should measure. The classification of the difficulty level of the instrument categorized as very difficult, difficult, easy, and very easy. The results of the DIF analysis show that there are no items that are biased or only biased and detrimental to one gender. So it can be concluded that the instrument meets the requirements and can be used as material to measure the digital literacy abilities of teachers at MAN Palembang City.
ANTESEDEN DARI EMPLOYEES’ ENGAGEMENT: SEBUAH MODEL MODERATED MEDIATION DARI PERCEIVED ALTERNATIVE JOB OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYEES’ ATTITUDE DAN EMPLOYEES’ MOTIVATION DOSEN DI UNIVERSITAS “X” [THE ANTECEDENTS OF EMPLOYEES’ ENGAGEMENT: A MODERATED MEDIATION MODEL OF LECTURER’S PERCEIVED ALTERNATIVE JOB OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYEES’ ATTITUDE AND EMPLOYEES’ MOTIVATION AT “X” UNIVERSITY ]
Authors: Indrawan Indrawan
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role and potential of mediating and moderating variables which are the antecedents for Employees' Engagement (EE) at University “X” by developing and testing an empirically integrated model to study the mediating role of Employees' Attitude (EA) and Employees' Motivation (EM) on the relationship between Transformational Leadership (TL) and EE being moderated by Perceived Alternative Job Opportunities (PAJO). This study uses a quantitative research approach with survey research methods (non-experimental). The data collection method was carried out through an E-questionnaire for 98 lecturers at the "X" university. Data is analyzed using PLS-SEM resulting in PAJO does not moderate the mediation of EA and EM between TL and EE.

 

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari peran dan potensi variabel mediasi dan moderasi yang merupakan anteseden bagi Employees’ Engagement (EE) di universitas “X” dengan mengembangkan dan menguji sebuah model yang terintegrasi secara empiris untuk mempelajari peran mediasi Employees’ Attitude (EA) dan Employees’ Motivation (EM) terhadap hubungan Transformasional Leadership (TL) dan EE yang dimoderasi oleh Perceived Alternative Job Opportunities (PAJO). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian survey (non-eksperimental). Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui E-kuesioner terhadap 98 dosen di universitas “X”. Analisis Data menggunakan PLS SEM dimana hasil penelitiannya adalah PAJO tidak memoderasi hubungan TL dan EE yang dimediasi oleh EA dan EM.
Prinsip Pembacaan Akta Oleh Notaris Dihadapan Penghadap dan Saksi
Authors: Dewi Maya Puspita , Poesoko Herowati , Harianto Aries
Published: January 2023

Pembacaan akta oleh notaris merupakan hal yang penting karena banyak kepentingan yang terkait didalamnya. Pembacaan akta dimaksudkan untuk memastikan bahwa akta otentik yang dibuat oleh Notaris sesuai dengan keinginan atau kehendak para penghadap yang membuat akta. Adanya pengecualian dalam pengaturan mengenai pembacaan akta dalam UUJN , dapat dijadikan tameng untuk tidak melakukan pembacaan akta seperti yang diamanatkan dalam Pasal 16 ayat 1 huruf m UUJN. Hal ini tentu saja akan berdampak pada besarnya kemungkinan terjadi konflik hukum diwaktu yang akan datang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan 3 (tiga) pendekatan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan sejarah. Hasil dari penelitian adalah bahwa Ratio Legis dari pengaturan mengenai Kewajiban Pembacaan Akta yang mewajibkan Notaris untuk membacakan akta didasari pada landasan filosofis dari pembentukan Undang-Undang tersebut, yang secara eksplisit dinyatakan dalam Pasal 3 UUD NRI 1945, bahwa Negara menjamin kepastian dan perlindungan hukum yang berintikan kebenaran dan keadilan terwujud didalam masyarakat. Akan tetapi beragam kepentingan yang melatarbelakangi pembentukan undang-undang mengenai  pengaturan kewajiban pembacaan Akta tersebut, menjadikan peraturan ini tidak konsististen yang berakibat tidak adanya kepastian hukum didalamnya.
Batas Pertanggungjawaban Notaris atas Pembuatan Akta Otentik
Authors: Sultoni Ahmad Farich
Published: January 2023

Notary profession is a profession that provides legal protection and certainty for justice seekers. This profession is inherent in various people's lives in several sectors, such as business, banking, property and others. therefore, the importance of notary competence in the making of deed must be further enhanced given the complexity of the demands of his position in providing solutions to the community regarding the needs arising from alliances, especially in the making of deeds that become very vital. Because, notary public must be responsible for the authentic deed to the parties. So the principle of prudence must be properly applied by a notary public. Many notaries must be responsible for their errors or omissions caused by the making of authentic deed that is problematic, defective or not in accordance with the laws and regulations.
Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) Terhadap Tanah Registrasi Desa (Letter C) di Desa Mangli Wetan, Kecamatan Tapen, Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Yurisa Elzha Putri Widya
Published: January 2023

Bondowoso Regency Land Office is carrying out Complete Systematic Registration (PTSL) activities with 12 (Twelve) villages in Bondowoso Regency, one of which is in Mangli Wetan Village, Tapen District with the target of Land Rights Certificates (SHAT) and PBT (Map of Fields). Land) in the amount of 1600 (One Thousand and Six Hundred) plots of land which must be completed in 2022 (Two Thousand Twenty Two). Mangli Wetan Village is one example that indigenous peoples still maintain customary land law in Mangli Wetan Village with a large amount of uncertified land and land that has been transferred before the Village Head and crossed out in the Village registration book (Letter C). This study aims to determine the government's strategic program carried out by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency through Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL), especially for lands recorded in the Village Registration Book (Letter C) whose rights have not been certified in Mangli Village. Wetan, Tapen District, Bondowoso Regency. The belief in the existence of customary law that arises has become the foundation and stronghold for indigenous peoples to prevent disputes for the people in Mangli Wetan Village. Therefore, appreciation is needed for indigenous peoples in Mangli Wetan Village, Tapen District, Bondowoso Regency.
REACTIVE CHANGES OF THE VISCERAL MESOTHELIUM IN THE EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS
Authors: Safronova Galina M. , Ivanov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2023

The mortality from peritonitis is still high, so the question of the pathogenesis of this disease remains relevant. Of considerable interest are reactive and compensatory-adaptive changes in liver tissues during the development of peritonitis, since both the general state of the body and the during of the postoperative period depend on the state of the liver. The purpose of the study was reactive and compensatory-adaptive changes in mesothelial cells of the serous membrane of the liver in conditions of acute experimental peritonitis in laboratory mice. White mice were used in the amount of 35 individuals of both sexes at the age of 3 months weighing 25–30 grams. Animals under ether anesthesia were made laparotomy and the abdominal cavity was contaminated with a mixture containing autopunctate of the terminal part of the small intestine and blood at the rate of 10 ml per 1 kg of body weight. Peritonitis was reproduced by creating a focus of necrotic damage in the ventral wall of the abdominal cavity. The control group of animals was injected with saline. The study material was the liver. Morphometric and electronic microscopy research methods, the method of film preparations of mesothelium with subsequent impregnation with silver were used. As a result of the study, it was found that experimental peritonitis is accompanied by the development of structural changes in liver tissues, expressed differently at different periods of inflammation. The noted changes are systemic and involve hepatocytes, hepatic beams and cholangiocytes of the interlobular excretory bile ducts, mesothelial cells of the serous sheath, cells of the connective tissue of the interlobular layers and portal tracts, as well as cellular elements of the hepatic sinusoids and the perisinusoidal space. With the development of peritonitis, the exudation of the mesothelium of the hepatic capsule increases and becomes maximum on the 7th day of the experiment, mesothelial cells undergo dystrophic changes. With the attenuation of peritonitis at 2–4 weeks of the experiment, the dystrophic processes of the mesothelium of the hepatic capsule weaken and the state of its cells normalizes. Thus, the conducted electronic microscopic and morphometric studies prove that experimental peritonitis is accompanied by the development of regular reactive changes in liver tissues, expressed differently at different periods of inflammation.
Positions and Prospects of Emerging Market Economies’ Currencies
Authors: Golovnin M.
Published: January 2023

Over the past two decades of the 21st century, there has been an increase in the role of the currencies of emerging markets in the global foreign exchange market, but their positions in the international monetary system have not significantly changed. The article demonstrates the continuing gap between the role of the leading emerging market economies in the global economy and finance and the position of their currencies in the international monetary system. This gap is driven by lower liquidity premiums for the currencies of EME countries, relatively underdevelopment of their financial systems and greater financial instability, restrictions on the placement of securities denominated in national currencies on international financial markets, as well as geopolitical factors (including the risks of imposing sanctions regimes by the developed countries). It is shown that the internationalization of the EME currencies is facilitated by such factors as internal financial stability, the relative development of national financial markets and a significant role of issuing countries in world trade. On the example of China, the relative success of the policy of internationalization of the yuan is shown, on the example of Mexico and Russia, the role of participation in regional integration associations to expand the external circulation of national currencies. There is an increase in the role of geopolitical factors in determining the positions of individual EME currencies, especially since 2022. The scenario of fragmentation of the international monetary and financial system is considered, which implies a relative weakening of the positions of current leading world currencies with a relative strengthening of the positions of the individual EME currencies (primarily Chinese yuan). Measures are proposed to strengthen the positions of EME currencies in the new geopolitical conditions: activation of interaction processes in regional and mega-regional associations, formation of payment and settlement systems within them in national currencies using digital technologies, creation of regional markets for securities denominated in national currencies, the conclusion and activation of multilateral currency swap agreements between the central banks of EME countries.
Change in Human (Moral) Decision-Making and Performance with Intelligent Machines: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly in Human-Autonomous Systems Interactions
Authors: Prével Arthur , Salatino Adriana , Lo Bue Salvatore
Published: January 2023

Autonomous systems and intelligent machines are involved in almost all areas of human activity and they are now more and more present in our everyday life. The reason for this extensive use certainly resides in all the benefits these machines offer to the users. In experimental settings, numerous studies have demonstrated the positive effects that the introduction of autonomous systems have on human decision-making and performance. However, studies have shown in addition that the introduction of these systems can have important negative effects as well. Considering that autonomous systems are now introduced in sensitive domains like the military or medicine, we need more than ever a comprehensive understanding of the effects they cause on human performance and decision-making, and particularly in tasks and contexts with a social or moral dimension. The aim of this narrative review is threefold. First, we will provide an overview of the main effects on a human agent’s decision-making and performance produced by the introduction of autonomous systems. Second, we will review the conditions identified as underlying factors of these effects, and see how current models of human – autonomous systems interaction integrate those conditions. Third, we will conclude this review by highlighting new directions for future investigations.
Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydrogeomechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia (Spain) Earthquake
Authors: Mudarra-Hernández Manuel , Mosquera-Feijoo Juan Carlos , Sanz-Pérez Eugenio
Published: January 2023

The 1884 Andalusia Earthquake, with an estimated Magnitude between 6.2 and 6.7, is one of the most destructive events that shook the Iberian Peninsula, causing around 1200 casualties. Ac-cording to paleoseismology studies and intensity maps, the earthquake source relates to the nor-mal Ventas de Zafarraya Fault (Granada, Spain). Diverse studies registered and later analyzed hydrological effects, such as landslides, rockfalls, soil liquefaction, all-around surge and loss of springs, alterations in the phreatic level, discharge in springs and brooks, and well levels, along with changes in water properties. Further insight into these phenomena found an interplay be-tween hydro-geomechanical processes and crust surface deformations, conditions, and properties. This study focuses on analyzing and simulating the features involved in the major 1884 event and aims at elucidating the mechanisms concerning the mentioned effects. This ex-post analysis builds on the qualitative effects and visible alterations registered by historical studies. It encompasses conceptual geological and kinematic models, and a 2D finite element simulation to account for the processes undergone by the Zafarraya Fault. The study focuses on the variability of hy-dro-geomechanical features and the time evolution of the ground pore-pressure distribution in both the preseismic and coseismic stages, matching some of the shreds of evidence found by field studies. This methodology can be applied to other events registered in the National Catalogues of Earth-quakes to achieve a deeper insight, further knowledge, and a better understanding of past earth-quakes.
Graphene Introduces the Second Negative Fine Structure Constant and the Imaginary Set of Base Planck Units
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon
Published: January 2023

The reflectance $R$ of monolayer graphene for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation is known to be remarkably defined only by $\pi$ and the fine-structure constant $\alpha$. It is shown in this paper that the reflectance (or the sum of transmittance and absorptance) of monolayer graphene, expressed as a quadratic equation with respect to the fine-structure constant $\alpha$ must unsurprisingly introduce the 2$^\text{nd}$ fine-structure constant $\alpha_2$, as the 2$^\text{nd}$ root of this equation, as well as two $\pi$-like constants for a convex and a saddle surface. It turns out that this 2$^\text{nd}$ fine-structure constant is negative, and the sum of its reciprocal with the reciprocal of the fine-structure constant $\alpha$ is independent of the reflectance value $R$ and remarkably equals $-\pi$. Particular algebraic definition of the fine-structure constant $\alpha^{-1} = 4\pi^3 + \pi^2 + \pi \approx 137.036$, containing the free $\pi$ term and agreeing with the physical definition of this dimensionless constant to the 5$^\text{th}$ significant digit, when introduced to this sum, yields $\alpha_2^{-1} = -4\pi^3 - \pi^2 - 2\pi \approx -140.178$. Assuming universal validity of the physical definition of $\alpha$, $\alpha_2$ defines the negative speed of light in vacuum $c_n$. The average of this speed $c_n$ and the speed of light in vacuum $c$ is in the range of the Fermi velocity ($10^6$ m/s). Furthermore, the 2$^\text{nd}$ negative fine-structure constant $\alpha_2$ alone introduces the imaginary set of base Planck units.
Insulin in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Impairment, Tests and Treatment
Authors: Rappoport Ari
Published: January 2023

Background. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disease involving motor neuron degeneration. The few drugs approved for treatment have at most a marginal benefit, and death usually occurs 2-5 years after diagnosis. Methods. A thorough manual examination of the relevant literature, covering over 35,000 papers. Results. Two major phenomena that are generally not known to clinicians were found. First, insulin signaling is impaired in ALS even in patients not diagnosed with diabetes (DB). Almost all studies that have explicitly tested insulin function in non-DB ALS patients using glucose tolerance tests (18 out of 20, 1964-2022, different groups) have found it to be impaired. Second, there is strong evidence for excessive insulin-independent glucose uptake (IIGU) in ALS. In addition, (i) early/late diabetes are associated with increased/decreased risk, respectively; (ii) insulin-based diabetes drugs are protective in ALS in large retrospective human studies; and (iii) strong animal and human evidence shows that insulin opposes all of the major pathological processes in ALS. Conclusion. Most ALS patients have insulin impairment, yet this is commonly not diagnosed, likely because excessive IIGU normalizes glucose levels. The impairment promotes disease progression. Late diabetes is associated with decreased risk because high glucose levels indicate non-excessive IIGU, and because diabetes drugs are protective. Insulin-based treatment (e.g., GLP1 agonists, insulin) is beneficial and can be disease-modifying in ALS and in frontotemporal dementia variants comorbid with ALS. ALS patients should be routinely tested for insulin function and treated if test results are positive.
Traceability, Data Privacy, and Accountability in IoT using Blockchain
Authors: Sultan Abid , Lin Yao
Published: January 2023

IoT is a computational perception that defines a situation, where smart objects are interconnected to the internet/ network. In the last few years, IoT objects have increased in all sectors/ fields and use in all domains of our lives. As the number of devices increases, the privacy of data becomes an important issue. To deal with this issue different techniques have been used by researchers in this field. Unfortunately, these methods have less traceability, privacy of data, and accountability. This paper aims to design a blockchain-based network architecture for Traceability, Data privacy, and Accountability (TDA). Technologies of blockchain are known as a distributed ledger of transactions record, which record the life span information with a timestamp. The major features of blockchain are persistency, decentralization, and audibility. These features help to decrease the budget and increase efficiency. Moreover, to strengthen the TDA architecture, this paper also discusses the performance of the proposed architecture.
No Chance to Survive: Mo-CBP3-PepII Synthetic Peptide Acts on Cryptococcus neoformans by Multiple Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Aguiar Tawanny K.B. , Mesquita Felipe P. , Neto Nilton A. S. , Gomes Francisco I. R. , Freitas Cleverson D. T. , Carneiro Rômulo F. , Nagano Celso S. , Alencar Luciana M.R. , Santos-Oliveira Ralph , Oliveira Jose T. A. , Souza Pedro F. N.
Published: January 2023

Cryptococcus neoformans is a human multidrug-resistant yeast with high mortality rates in immunocompromised patients. Recently, the synthetic peptide Mo-CBP3-PepII emerged as a potent anticryptococcal molecule with an MIC50 at low concentration. Here, the mechanisms of action of Mo-CBP3-PepII were deeply analyzed to provide new information about how it led C. neoformans cells to death. Light and fluorescence microscopies, analysis of enzymatic activities, and proteomic analysis were employed to understand the effect of Mo-CBP3-PepII on C. neoformans cells. Light and fluorescence microscopies revealed Mo-CBP3-PepII induced the accumulation of anion superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in C. neoformans cells. In addition to a reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) in the cells treated with Mo-CBP3-PepII. In the presence of Ascorbic acid (AsA), no ROS were detected and Mo-CBP3-PepII lost the inhibitory activity against C. neoformans. Yet, Mo-CBP3-PepII inhibited the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ergosterol biosynthesis, and induced the decoupling of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial membrane. Proteomic analysis revealed a reduction in the abundance of proteins related to energetic metabolism, DNA and RNA metabolism, pathogenicity, protein metabolism, cytoskeleton, and cell wall organization and division. Our findings indicated that Mo-CBP3-PepII might have multiple mechanisms of action against C. neoformans cells, mitigating the development of resistance and thus being a potent molecule to be employed in the production of new drugs against C. neoformans infections.
Very Low and High Levels of Vitamin D are Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length in 148,321 UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Kuo Chia-Ling , Kirk Ben , Xiang Meiruo , Pilling Luke C. , Kuchel George A. , Kremer Richard , Duque Gustavo
Published: January 2023

Background: Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is observed in multiple age-related diseases, which are also associated with vitamin D deficiency (i.e., osteosarcopenia, neurocognitive disorders, cancer, osteoarthritis, etc.), which suggests a close association. In this study, we examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and LTL in older participants of the UK Biobank. Methods: Data were collected from the UK Biobank. Participants aged 60 and older (n=148,321) were included. Baseline LTL was measured using a multiplex qPCR technique and expressed as the ratio of the telomere amplification product (T) to that of a single-copy gene (S) (T/S ratio). Se-rum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was stratified by z score and linked to LTL in a linear regression model adjusting for covariates. Results: Compared to the medium level, a low (in the range of 16.6 nmol/L, 29.7 nmol/L) or extremely low (≤ 16.6 nmol/L) level of serum 25OHD was associated with shorter LTL: 0.018 SD (standardized β= -0.018, 95% CI -0.033 to -0.003, P=0.022) and 0.048 SD (standardized β= -0.048, 95% CI -0.083 to -0.014, P=0.006), respectively. Additionally, the high serum 25OHD groups (> 95.9 nmol/L) had 0.038 SD (standardized β= -0.038, 95% CI -0.072 to -0.004, P=0.030) shorter mean LTL than the group with medium 25OHD levels. The associations above were adjusted for multiple variables. Conclusion: In this population-based study, we identified an inverted U-shape relationship between LTL and vitamin D status. Whether high or low vitamin D-associated shorter LTL is mechanistically related to age-related conditions remains to be elucidated.
Artificial Diets with Altered Levels of Sulfur Amino Acids Induce Anticancer Activity in Mice with Metastatic Colon Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jiménez-Alonso Julio José , Guillén-Mancina Emilio , Calderón-Montaño José Manuel , Jiménez-González Víctor , Díaz-Ortega Patricia , Burgos-Morón Estefanía , López-Lázaro Miguel
Published: January 2023

The sulfur-containing amino acids methionine (Met), cysteine (Cys) and taurine (Tau) are common dietary constituents with important cellular roles. Met restriction is already known to exert in vivo anticancer activity. However, since Met is a precursor of Cys, and Cys produces Tau, the role of Cys and Tau in the anticancer activity of Met-restricted diets is poorly understood. In this work, we screened the in vivo anticancer activity of several Met-deficient artificial diets supplemented with Cys, Tau or both. Diet B1 (6% casein, 2.5% leucine, 0.2% Cys and 1% lipids) and diet B2B (6% casein, 5% glutamine, 2.5% leucine, 0.2% Tau and 1% lipids) showed the highest activity and were selected for further studies. Both diets induced a marked anticancer activity in two animal models of metastatic colon cancer, which were established by injecting CT26.WT murine colon cancer cells in the tail vein or peritoneum of immunocompetent BALB/cAnNRj mice. Diets B1 and B2B also increased the survival of mice with disseminated ovarian cancer (intraperitoneal ID8 Tp53 -/- cells in C57BL/6JRj mice) and renal cell carcinoma (intraperitoneal Renca cells in BALB/cAnNRj mice). The high activity of diet B1 in mice with metastatic colon cancer may be useful in colon cancer therapy.
Combined Invasive Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in the Management of Chronic Post-Intracranial Disorder Headache. A Case Report.
Authors: Alexoudi Athanasia , Vlahakis Eustathios , Banos Stamatios , Oikonomou Konstantinos , Patrikelis Panayiotis , Verentzioti Anastasia , Stefanatou Maria , Gatzonis Stylianos , Korfias Stefanos , Sakas Damianos
Published: January 2023

The introduction of ventricular shunts dramatically changed the outcome and quality of life of hydrocephalic patients. However, shunt surgery continues to be associated with numerous adverse events. Headache is one of the most common complications after shunt operation. It is often over a prolonged duration, the symptoms resemble migraine, and pain does not respond to medication. We propose invasive peripheral nerve stimulation as a possible solution in the treatment of patients suffering from chronic headache associated with shunted hydrocephalus. A young woman with daily holocephalic headache with diffuse pain exacerbated by lying down. Imaging revealed panventricular enlargement and possible stenosis of the aqueduct. When a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed, clinical symptoms resolved. Nevertheless, she gradually exacerbated after a second valve replacement due to wound infection. Imaging revealed decompressed ventricles and appropriate shunt placement. The diagnosis of chronic post-intracranial disorder headache was set. Therefore, occipital nerve stimulation was applied and considering that the patient had not a total response, bilateral parietal stimulation was added. Three months after the combined PNS she experienced total remission of headache. Combined PNS eases refractory headaches much more than occipital nerve stimulation alone and could be considered as a solution for shunted hydrocephalus associated headache.
Antagonistic Strain Bacillus Halotolerans JK-25 Mediate the Biocontrol of Wheat Common Root Rot Caused by Bipolaris Sorokiniana
Authors: Kang Kun , Zhang Wei , Niu Zhipeng , Wei Shan , Lv Yangyong , Hu Yuansen
Published: January 2023

Common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana infestation of wheat is one of the main reasons of yield reduction in wheat crops worldwide. In current study, strain JK-25 was isolated from soil of wheat rhizosphere and identified as Bacillus halotolerans based on morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and molecular identification. The strain showed significant antagonism to B.sorokiniana and broad-spectrum resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia zeae. Inhibition of Bipolaris sorokiniana mycelial dry weight and spore germination rate by JK-25 fermentation supernatant reached 60% and 88% respectively. The crude extract of JK-25 was found by MALDI-TOF-MS to contain the surfactin that exerted an inhibitory effect on B.sorokiniana. The disruption of mycelial cell membranes was observed under microscopy (LSCM) after treatment of B.sorokiniana mycelium with the crude extract. The antioxidant enzyme activity of B.sorokiniana was significantly reduced and the oxidation product MDA content increased after treatment with the crude extract. The incidence of root rot was significantly reduced in pot experiments with the addition of JK-25 culture ferment, which had a significant biological control effect of 72.06%. Its ability to produce siderophores may help to promote wheat growth, and the production of proteases and pectinases may also be part of the strain's role in suppressing pathogens. These results demonstrate the excellent antagonistic effect of JK-25 against B.sorokiniana and suggest that this strain has great potential as a resource for biological control of wheat root rot strains.
Tolman VI fluid sphere in f(R,T) gravity
Authors: Mondal Monimala , Rahaman Farook
Published: January 2023

We analyze the behavior of relativistic spherical objects within the context of modified $f(R,T)$ gravity considering Tolman VI spacetime, where gravitational lagrangian is a function of Ricci scalar(R) and trace of energy momentum tensor(T) i.e,$ f(R,T)= R+ 2\beta T$, for some arbitrary constant $\beta$. For developing our model, we have chosen $\pounds_{m} = -p$, where $ \pounds_{m}$ represents matter lagrangian. For this investigation, we have chosen three compact stars namely PSR J1614-2230 [Mass=(1.97$\pm$ 0.4)M$_\odot$; Radius= 9.69$_{-0.02} ^{+0.02}$ Km] ,Vela X-1 [Mass=(1.77$\pm$ 0.08)M$_\odot$; Radius= 9.560$_{-0.08} ^{+0.08}$ Km] and 4U 1538-52 [Mass=(9.69)M$_\odot$; Radius= 1.97 Km]. In this theory the equation of pressure isotropy is identical to standard Einstein's theory. So all known metric potential solving Einstein's equations are also valid here. In this paper, we have investigated the effort of coupling parameter ($\beta$) on the local matter distribution. Sound of speed and adiabatic index are higher with grater values of $\beta$ while on contrary mass function and gravitational redshift are lower with higher values of $\beta$ . For supporting the theoretical results, graphical representation are also employed to analyze the physical viability of the compact stars.
Optimal Design of Synchronous Homopolar Generator with Ferrite Magnets for Railway Passenger Cars
Authors: Prakht Vladimir , Dmitrievskii Vladimir , Kazakbaev Vadim
Published: January 2023

Synchronous homopolar machines (SHM) with excitation winding on the stator have attracted the attention of researchers for many decades due to their high reliability. They are used in a variety of applications such as aircraft and railway generators and traction motors. At the same time, the three-dimensional structure of their magnetic circuit makes the problem of their analysis and optimization challenging. This problem becomes even more complicated when considering an SHM with hybrid excitation, with ferrite magnets in the rotor slots. The article proposes a mathematical procedure for optimizing a synchronous homopolar generator with hybrid excitation based on the single-criterion Nelder-Mead method and two-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA). The use of the Nelder-Mead method compared to multicriteria methods and 2D FEA compared to 3D FEA makes possible to significantly reduce the computational burden. As a result of optimization, the power loss and torque ripples of the generator are significantly reduced. The article also compares the characteristics of synchronous homopolar generators with and without ferrite magnets.
Assessment of the Epidemic Potential of the Marek’s Disease Virus in the Russian Federation
Authors: Afonyushkin Vasily , Kilp Anna , Kalinina Tatyana , Mironova Tatyana , Ykovleva Natalya , Ermakova Ludmila , Donchenko Nikolay
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Marek's disease virus is an oncogenic avian herpesvirus and the problem of oncogenicity of this virus for humans remains unexplored. This pathology appeared in broiler chickens of 30 days and older, that is from now on the contact with poultry meat carries the risk of infecting people. This article analyzes the risks of the emergence of the epidemic potential of the Marek's disease virus in the Russian Federation taking into account the characteristics of modern pig and poultry farming. It was found that COVID 19 can serve as an additional factor in reducing the resistance of the population to herpesvirus infections. The COVID 19 epidemic is accompanied by folic acid deficiency which also increases the risk of contamination of diseases associated with DNA viruses, including an extended risk of animal viruse infection. Since, according to our estimates, Marek's disease occurred in at least 25% of broiler poultry farms in the Russian Federation, a possible expand in mortality from neoplasms of the reproductive system for the Russian Federation as a whole can contribute to the dynamics of oncological diseases of reproductive organs and breast cancer. Since 2011 a contagious form of intestinal pathology, vesicular enteritis, has widely spread at poultry farms in the Russian Federation. During periods of extending incidence of vesicular enteritis, we recorded cases of inflammation of the facial nerves and subfebrile temperature in contact persons, bursts of oncological diseases in veterinary personnel (ovarian cancer, breast cancer), abnormal and synchronous increases in the incidence of infectious larengotracheitis and Marek's disease in chickens under the age of 40 days which requires additional monitoring studies.
Psychological Health and Drugs: Data-Driven Discovery of Causes, Treatments, Effects, and Abuses
Authors: Alswedani Sarah , Mehmood Rashid , Katib Iyad , Altowaijri Saleh M.
Published: January 2023

Mental health issues can have significant impacts on individuals and communities and hence on social sustainability. There are several challenges facing mental health treatment, however, more important is to remove the root causes of mental illnesses because doing so can help prevent mental health problems from occurring or recurring. This requires a holistic approach to understanding mental health issues that are missing from the existing research. Mental health should be understood in the context of social and environmental factors. More research and awareness are needed, as well as interventions to address root causes. The effectiveness and risks of medications should also be studied. This paper proposes a big data and machine learning-based approach for the automatic discovery of parameters related to mental health from Twitter data. The parameters are discovered from three different perspectives, Drugs & Treatments, Causes & Effects, and Drug Abuse. We used Twitter to gather 1,048,575 tweets in Arabic about psychological health in Saudi Arabia. We built a big data machine learning software tool for this work. A total of 52 parameters were discovered for all three perspectives. We defined 6 macro-parameters (Diseases & Disorders, Individual Factors, Social & Economic Factors, Treatment Options, Treatment Limitations, and Drug Abuse) to aggregate related parameters. We provide a comprehensive account of mental health, causes, medicines and treatments, mental health and drug effects, and drug abuse, as seen on Twitter, discussed by the public and health professionals. Moreover, we identify their associations with different drugs. The work will open new directions for social media-based identification of drug use and abuse for mental health, as well as other micro and macro factors related to mental health. The methodology can be extended to other diseases and provides a potential for discovering evidence for forensics toxicology from social and digital media.
Possible Role of Inflammasomes in the Pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Hashim Nada , Babiker Rasha , Mohammed Riham , Rehman Mohammed Mustahsen , Gismalla Bakri
Published: January 2023

Dr. Jurg Tschopp created the word "inflammasome" in 2002. Inflammasome activation and its function in disease processes have been the subject of significant investigation over the last 15 years. Four important inflammasomes have been identified: NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2. When these inflammasomes are activated, they process and secrete inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b and IL-18, as well as cause pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death. In this review, we will look at how these inflammasomes have been connected to Periodontitis pathogenesis.
Feeding Behavior of Finishing Pigs under Diurnal Cyclic Variation in Ambient Temperature
Authors: Oliveira Marllon José Karpeggiane de , Valk Marcio , Melo Antônio Diego Brandão , Marçal Danilo Alves , Silva Cleslei Alisson , Valini Graziela Alves da Cunha , Arnaut Pedro Righetti , Gonçalves Joseane Penteado Rosa , Andretta Ines , Hauschild Luciano
Published: January 2023

The impact of cyclic heat stress (CHS) and lighting events on pig feeding behavior (FB) was investigated. The FB of 90 gilts was recorded in real time under two ambient temperatures (AT): thermoneutrality (TN, 22 °C) or CHS (22°/35 °C). The day was divided into four periods: PI (06-08 h); PII (08-18 h); PIII (18-20 h); and PIV (20-06 h). Automatic and Intelligent Precision Feeders recorded each feed event for each pig. An estimated meal criterion (49 minutes) was used to calculate the FB variables. Feed behavior in both ATs followed a circadian pattern. The CHS reduced the feed intake by 6.9%. Pigs prioritized feed intake during the coolest hours of the day; however, nocturnal cooling did not allow the pigs to compensate for the reduced meal size due to CHS. The highest meal size and most of the meals were observed during the lighting-on period. Pigs reduced their interval between meals during periods II and III. The lighting program increased the meal size when the lights were switched on and reduced the meal size when the lights were switched off. Thus, the dynamics of the FB were largely influenced by AT, while the meal size was affected by the lighting program.
Skin and Blood Microbial Signatures of Sedentary and Migratory Trout (Salmo trutta) of Kerguelen Islands
Authors: Ferchiou Sophia , Caza France , Villemur Richard , Labonne Jacques , St-Piere Yves
Published: January 2023

Our understanding of how microbiome signatures are modulated in wild fish populations remains poorly known and has, until now, mostly been inferred from studies in commercial and farmed fish populations. Here, we have studied for the first time changes in the skin and blood microbiomes of the Salmo trutta population of the volcanic Kerguelen archipelago located at the northern limit of the Antarctic Ocean. Kerguelen is a natural framework of population expansion and a likely situation under further climate change in distribution areas. Our results showed that S. trutta of Kerguelen has a microbiome signature distinct from those of salmonids of the Northern Hemisphere. Our study also revealed that the skin and blood microbiomes differ between sedentary and migratory S. trutta. While 18 phyla were shared between both groups of trout, independent of the compartment, six phyla were unique to migratory trout. Further analyses showed that microbiome signatures undergo significant site-specific variations that correlate, in some cases, to the peculiarity of specific ecosystems. Our study also revealed the presence of potential pathogens at particular sites and the impact of abiotic factors on the microbiome, most notably due to the volcanic nature of the environment. This study contributes to a better understanding of the factors that modulate the microbiome signatures of migratory and sedentary fish populations. It will also help better monitor climate change's impacts on the colonization process in the sub-Antarctic region.
‘Saviours’, ‘Business Partners’, or ‘Snobs’? How Jewish Inmates Perceived and Interacted with British Prisoners of War in A Nazi Camp Complex
Authors: Barth Susanne
Published: January 2023

Between 1942 and 1945, Jewish inmates of a forced labour camp and later Auschwitz subcamp at Blechhammer (Blachownia Śląska, Upper Silesia) worked alongside British prisoners of war on the construction site of a giant synthetic fuel facility, the Oberschlesische Hydrierwerke. The paper examines the multifaceted forms of interaction between these two groups, who were situated at the opposite ends of a spectrum ranging from high survival rates to certain death. By reframing the Jewish inmates’ perceptions of the POWs, it seeks to shed new light on a controversial debate on the nature of the relationship between them and British prisoners. The paper argues that important aspects have been missing from this debate, as the Jewish inmates were not sufficiently represented and not viewed as active protagonists. The relations between Jews and British POWs were not one-sided, but rather interdependent in complex ways. Both groups used these contacts to gain strategic information on the war and jointly contributed to the Allied resistance effort. The barter with British POWs played a crucial role in the collective and individual survival strategies of Jewish inmates, whereas the British increasingly depended on the Jewish inmates to procure basic foods when German rations ceased to be allocated. An analysis of the effects of British aid giving showed that the actual impact on the physical survival of the emaciated inmates was negligible. However, these humanitarian gestures significantly boosted their mental strength and equally helped them to cope better with post-traumatic stress disorders after the war. Altogether, the British were encouraging symbols of resistance against the Nazi regime in the eyes of the inmates. Negative experiences were rarely corroborated and were often linked to poor English language skills or a stronger identification with other nationalities.
Production of Radioactive Gemstones
Authors: Kizka Valeriy
Published: January 2023

The possibility of making precious stones from radioactive waste is being considered. Vitrified and cemented radioactive waste (RW) is considered as an artificial rock belonging to aluminosilicates and calcites. Two methods are proposed for the manufacture of radioactive gemstones from RW and their subsequent storage with the possibility of sale, resale, inheritance, and so on. That is, RW is considered as real estate in which capital can be invested. After decontamination in hundreds and thousands of years, it will be of scientific, historical, jewelry interest.