bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anterolateral thigh free flap- largest size flap till date in lateral skull base defect reconstruction: an interesting case report
Authors: Gupta Madhusoodan , Saleem Abid , Kaladagi Raghavendra , Singh Pradeep K. , Chandra Rohit , Johar Manoj K. , Varshney Deepti , Biswkarma Vishal K.
Published: April 2021

Vascularised free tissue transfer has revolutionized skull base defect reconstruction. It allows to restores form and functions without compromising the principles of oncoplastic surgery. Anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap is a workhorse flap in head and neck reconstruction. The versatility of the ALT-free flap makes it unique to reconstruct almost every soft-tissue defect in head and neck reconstruction. Due to the large surface of the anterolateral thigh, a very large flap can be harvested with very little donor site morbidity. Here we have reported a case of 40 years, male patient, with a known case of primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the left parotid gland. After the surgical extirpation of the tumor, an extensive soft-tissue defect was created in the region of the left lateral skull base defect. For coverage of large defect, we did the ALT free flap size 25×18 cm (450 cm2). The donor site was partially closed primarily and partially skin grafted. The patient was discharged uneventfully on the 7th postoperative day.
A prospective study comparing the morbidities of late preterm and term infants in the neonatal period in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Nazeer Sirajuddin , Panchanathan Sivagurunathan , Soundararajan Karthikeyan
Published: April 2021

Background: In obstetric practice, 34 completed weeks is considered as maturational milestone for the fetus. Despite relatively large size and apparent functional maturity, late preterm infants are at increased risk for neonatal morbidity compared with full term infants. Aim of the study was to study the incidence of late preterm births in a tertiary care hospital in Trichy, Tamil Nadu and to study the pattern of neonatal morbidities in late preterm infants and to compare it with term infants.Methods: Hospital based prospective study was conducted from April 2019 to March 2020. Total 470 late preterm infants were included in our study. All infants enrolled in the study were followed up daily till discharge and after discharge, all infants were than reviewed at 15 and 28 days in a well-baby clinic.Results: There were a total of 1941 live births during the study period. Of these, 470 (24.2%) were late preterm and 1263 (65%) were term births. Late preterm infants accounted for 71.1% of preterm birth. Late preterm infants were at significantly higher risk for overall morbidity due to any cause, respiratory 22.1%, neonatal jaundice 62%, sepsis 4%, hypoglycemia 8.9%, hospital readmission 8.1%. 63% of late preterm infants were readmitted for jaundice.Conclusions: The incidence of late preterm birth was 24%. Late preterm infants had a higher incidence of jaundice, sepsis and respiratory morbidities. Late preterm infants had a longer hospital stay. They were also more likely to get readmitted in the hospital when compared to term infants.
Analysis of renal calcular disease among children: our tertiary care experience
Authors: Kanth Anzeen Nazir , Khan Suhail Masood , Khan Azhar Ajaz , Khan Aymen Masood , Kanth Irtifa Nazir
Published: April 2021

Background: Renal calcular disease is a common disorder that affects patients of all age groups. Paediatric age group is no exception and due to lack of timely intervention it can prove disastrous in the years to come. This study is aimed to assess and evaluate the clinical and metabolic profile of paediatric patients presenting with renal calculi. The research was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. Methods: The research enrolled a total of 254 urolithiasis patients aged 14 or less who presented to G. B. Panth hospital Srinagar. Structured history and relevant investigations were collected from all the patients. The physical exam, blood chemistry, and metabolite excretion in the urine (urinary calcium, citrate, magnesium, and oxalate) were all recorded.Results: There were 65 percent males and 35 percent females (2:1) among the 254 patients, with an average age of 8.15±5.04 years at presentation. In 54% of the patients, hypertension was discovered. Urea and creatinine levels were respectively 73.01, 59 mg/dl and 4.45, 4.01 mg/dl. The amount of PTH in the blood was 51.2931 pg/l. The calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood were 8.44±1.14 and 5.0234±0.895, respectively. Metabolic irregularities were discovered in 95 percent of the patients. Hypercalciuria was the most prevalent (54%), followed by hyperoxaluria (28%). In 21% of the patients, hypocitraturia was observed. In 7.8% of children, distal renal tubular acidosis was discovered. Just 4.7% of the children had a magnesium deficiency in their urine.Conclusions: The majority of children with stone disease have a metabolic risk factor, with hypercalciuria being the most frequent in our environment.
Anaemia in under five children attending a tertiary hospital in central Kerala: a cross sectional study
Authors: Jose Jessie , Lukose Riya , Athira Thekkumpat S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Anaemia is the most common nutritional problem in the world with significant impact on the neurological and cognitive development of young, growing children. India has a high prevalence of anaemia among its under-five children. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia in children in the age group 6 months to 5 years.Methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done on 51 children attending the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital. They were evaluated by obtaining a detailed history, physical examination and haemoglobin and serum ferritin estimation.Results: The prevalence of anaemia in the present study was 41.2%. 13 (25.5%) had mild anaemia, 8 (15.7%) had moderate anaemia and none had severe anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia was present in 17 out of 21 children (81%) with anaemia (p<0.00001). There were significant associations between haemoglobin levels and age (p=0.049) and nutritional status (moderate acute malnutrition) (p=0.034) of the children in the study.Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia in children under 5 years in Kerala, which has performed well in other health quality indicators, remains high. A multimodal strategy to address this public health problem is required.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis: an unusual presentation of vitamin B12 deficiency
Authors: Barot Shailesh R. , Barot Vaibhavi S. , Patil Manohar , Chorgh Jagravi
Published: April 2021

Paediatric cases of acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) are due to infectious diseases or immune mediated disorders. Hereby, we present a case of 6 months old infant who presented with excessive crying with irritability and tenderness over right hypochondrium region with a palpable liver. Investigations revealed   AAC and anaemia. In the work-up of anaemia, vitamin B12 deficiency was diagnosed and after giving treatment with vitamin B12, anaemia resolved as well as AAC. Through this case report we intent to emphasize the possibility of vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as AAC.
Neonatal Listeria innocua sepsis
Authors: Arumugam Senthil Kumar , Govindharaj Kaviyarasan , Subramaniam Arunachalam , Rangasamy Ramalingam
Published: April 2021

Neonatal listeriosis is a potentially life-threatening infection, usually caused by Listeria monocytogenes. It has a high case fatality rate and can cause severe neurological sequelae among survivors. Early-onset listeriosis is caused by vertical transmission through transplacental route, inhalation of infected amniotic fluid or through ascending infection from the vaginal colonization. We report fatal neonatal listeriosis in a 5 day old female infant caused by L. innocua. L. innocua is considered as non-pathogen and only few cases were reported in an immunocompromised individual.
Magnitude and determinants of self-referrals among women seeking skilled birth attendance services: a cross-sectional hospital-based study in Marsabit County, Kenya
Authors: Adoyo Joseph O. , Makunyi Eliphas G. , Otieno George O. , Yoos Alison
Published: April 2021

Background: Self-referral to higher-level hospitals by women seeking skilled birth attendance services reflects in part their non-adherence to established referral pathways. This choice results in an inappropriate utilization of resources within health system. The Kenya Health Sector Referral Strategy aims at optimising the utilization and access of facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with self-referral among women seeking skilled birth attendance services in Marsabit County between 1st and 31st Oct 2019.Methods: A cross-sectional study was adopted at the maternity department in the selected public hospitals in Marsabit County, by use of interviewer-administered questionnaires to collect information from 161 women, through systematic sampling between 1st and 31st Oct 2019. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to test for factors associated with self-referral at 95% confidence interval.Results: Of the 161 women interviewed, 47.2% (n=76) were self-referrals. The odds of self-referral to the higher level health facilities were more likely among women: - aged 25-29 (AOR 5.174, CI 1.015-26.365, p-value 0.048); those referred for other ANC services (AOR 4.057, CI 1.405-11.720, p-value 0.010); and those, - who visited the referral facility before for delivery (AOR 5.395, CI 1.411 – 20.628, p-value 0.014). However, self-referral were less likely among women who perceived privacy and confidentiality of services at the referral hospitals (AOR 0.370, CI 0.138-0.990, p-value 0.048).Conclusions: Almost half of women seeking skilled birth attendance were self-referrals, relates to a possible implication on an unprecedented increased workload at referral hospitals and underutilization of primary health facilities.
Oral hygiene status and its association with oral hygiene practices among school going children of rural and urban areas in Kamrup district, Assam
Authors: Doley Sulekha , Srivastava Manvi
Published: April 2021

Background: Oral hygiene, a state in which the surfaces of all the teeth are plaque free, is highly important in the promotion of oral health and also for good health in general. The aim of the present study was to assess the oral hygiene status among 13-14 years old school children in rural and urban areas in Kamrup Metropolitian (M) district, Assam.Methods: A total 1501 school children in the age group of 13-14 years were included in the study and oral hygiene status was assessed using oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S) given by Greene and Vermilion 1964. The children were asked to fill in the basic information in the proforma by themselves. The following statistical tests were used unpaired t test, Chi square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, post-hoc Bonferroni test to compare the oral hygiene status among the different age groups, gender and location.Results: The OHI-S values were found to be more among the males (2.72±1.50) as compared to the females (2.31±1.48) and the difference was highly significant (0.0001). The rural population and urban population constituted 50% of the total study sample each. Mean values of OHI-S index were more among rural children as compared to children residing in urban areas. The mean values showed that the p value was highly significant.Conclusions: Oral hygiene status was found to be poorer among rural school children compared to urban school children. Oral hygiene worsened as age advanced and found to be poorer in males than females.
Epidemiological and demographic characteristics of dengue and chikungunya infections over five years from 2014-2018, in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Velusamy Dhanalakshmi , Jayakumar Suriakumar , Ramakrishnan Varatharaj , Veeramanoharan Rajamannar , Gupta Bhavna , Paramasivan Rajaiah , Ramasamy Vasanthapriyan Moongilpatti
Published: April 2021

Background: An epidemiological, demographic and seasonal trend analysis of dengue and chikungunya seroprevalence was performed in five districts of Tamil Nadu during 2014-2018.Methods: Serum samples from the suspected patients were screened using IgM antibody ELISA.Results: Dengue and chikungunya seropositivity ranged from 17.9-68.2% and 14.9-58.3%, respectively. Dengue cases were reported in all the years with a spike in 2017. Highest number of chikungunya cases was in 2018. Dengue cases peaked in the cooler months following monsoon while chikungunya data for seasonal trend analysis was not sufficient. Both viral infections were found common in the people >12 years, however, the difference of cases between males and females was not statistically significant.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that both chikungunya and dengue are actively circulating in the state and the state health department needs to direct their efforts not only to control the spread but also on the future preparedness to prevent outbreaks.
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding the use of personal protective equipment during COVID-19 pandemic among health care workers at a tertiary health care center
Authors: Badgujar Jatin V. , Sharma Gaurav M. , Relwani Nisha R. , Rohondia Omprakash S. , Patole Tanvi D. , Puntambekar Anjali S.
Published: April 2021

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during COVID-19 pandemic among health care workers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among health care workers (HCW) including junior and senior resident doctors and nursing staff working at a tertiary health care center. A pre-designed, pre-validated, semi-structured questionnaire regarding the use of PPE was distributed online to eligible HCW and their responses were recorded electronically between 14 April 2020 and 20 April 2020. The survey questionnaire consisted of questions based on demographic and background characteristics along with KAP; knowledge (K1-K6), attitude (A1-A3) and practices (P1-P4).Results: A total of 423 out of 475 eligible participants successfully submitted their responses and were included in the present study which included junior resident doctors (55.70%), senior resident doctors (19.60%) and nursing staff (24.60%). The mean total knowledge score was 4.169±1.006 with an overall correct response rate of 75.8%. The result of one way ANOVA indicated that there is significant difference in the mean total knowledge score according to designation (F=6602, p<01) with improved knowledge score seen in HCW with higher designation. Majority of HCW had positive attitude and appropriate practices regarding the use of PPE.Conclusions: Optimal use of PPE is crucial to avoid transmission of infection in health care setting. Assessment of KAP of HCW regarding the use of PPE can help hospital authorities to introduce educational programs accordingly to gaps identified in the survey.
Accessibility issues of persons with disabilities due to COVID-19 pandemic in Nagpur region
Authors: Gawande Avinash , Raut Abhijit V. , Pusam Sanjay , Prabhune Trupti
Published: April 2021

Background: Since the first case of COVID-19 in late January 2020, India has become one of the hardest hit countries by COVID-19 in world. According to 2011 census, the number of PwDs in India is roughly 2.2% of total population which is approximately 26.8 million. They are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection due to their disability and lack of accessibility to protect them.Methods: A cross sectional, mixed-methods approach, using a purposive sampling technique, a quantitative survey were adopted for the study.Results: The study showed that 99% of the participants have access to regular updated knowledge of COVID-19. 74% participants faced scarcity of protective measures, 35% faced scarcity of ration supply, 48% PwDs faced major issues to access screening, testing and treatment facilities in suspected COVID-19 cases. 43% PwDs faced scarcity of access to assistive services and devices. 40% faced issues to get their regular medicines and necessary items like catheters. 86% of the participant faced financial crises due to loss of employment and businesses. Around 16% amongst them faced severe crises which was not possible to manage.Conclusions: Facing COVID-19 situation is extremely stressful for PwDs. This study was conducted for short period of 4 months so it gives a snapshot of impact of COVID-19 on accessibility issues of PwDs.
An overview of skin disorders in under-fives over a ten-year period in a tertiary institution in South: South, Nigeria
Authors: Amadi Ekechi S. , Maduagwu Maureen C. , Long-John Dabota
Published: April 2021

Background: Skin disorders can be a significant cause of distress to both children and their care-givers. The scope of prevalent skin disorders differ from one country to the other. Therefore an insight into the occurrence, patterns and distribution of skin disorders in a target group will be beneficial to inform care and provide support that is relevant to that target population. The aim of this study is to determine the skin problems prevalent amongst children that are five years and below managed at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Alakahia, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional study of children five years and below that visited the dermatology outpatient clinic at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Alakahia between the period of January 2006 and December 2015.

Results: There was equal ratio of male to female patients with slight female preponderance. The eleven most common lesions were papular urticaria, atopic dermatitis, scabies, warts, vitiligo, molluscum contagiosum, tinea corporis, impetigo, seborrhoeic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea and tinea capitis.

Conclusions: Skin disorders are common among children under five years. Allergic skin disorders, bacterial, viral and fungal skin infections, skin infestation (scabies) and pigmentary disorders (vitiligo) are major skin manifestations in this study.
Clinical evaluation of mark induced dermatitis on health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross sectional study
Authors: I. Sushma , Simon Nivin , Pravin A. J. S. , Padmaprasad M. K. , Vijayabharathi M. , Varghese Mulamoottil George
Published: April 2021

Background: Mask induced dermatitis is common among health care workers now because of the obligatory use of facemask for a longer period during COVID-19, the clinical features vary. Very few studies could be conducted due to the COVID induced constraints. Studies regarding reactions to face masks in health workers published to date are limited and hence we decided to do this study. The objective of this study was to find out the clinical presentations of mask induced dermatitis due to long term use of facemask on healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 40 healthcare workers attend our OPD with face mask for 6 months. After getting informed written consent clinical evaluation was made by history and dermatologic examination.

Results: Total 40 health care professionals between the age group of 21-50 years (17 females and 23 males) came to our OPD with complaints of itching and dryness with signs of erythema, scaling, papules for 6 months duration. Out of them, 15 (37.5%) patients had exacerbation of pre-existing dermatoses like atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, acne. 10 patients (25%) had irritant contact dermatitis 7 patients (17.5%) had sweat-induced dermatitis, 4 patients (10%) had dermatitis due to sponge strip at the nasal bridge, 4 patients (10%) had dermatitis due to vehement use of ear loop involving retroauricular region.

Conclusions: This study showed that wearing face masks results in the development and aggravation of other skin diseases due to various causes. Itch can induce scratching and thus lead to inappropriate use of face masks, which could compromise their function.
Keratolytic Winter Erythema: a misdiagnosed palmoplantar dermatosis
Authors: Kharkar Vidya , Bhargava Anmol
Published: April 2021

Keratolytic Winter Erythema, also known as ‘Erythrokeratolysis hiemalis’ or ‘Oudtshoorn disease’ is a rare genetic disorder of keratinization of an unknown etiology characterized by cyclical erythema and intermittent skin peeling usually over palms and soles, particularly during winter.It was originally described in South African families of European descent originating from the Oudtshoorn district of Cape Provence, and has been since identified in several other countries. It is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable penetrance. The condition is often misdiagnosed as Keratolysis exfoliativa, but presence of a relevant family history, winter exacerbation and preceding hyperhidrosis with interdigital involvement differentiate it from the former. We present a case report with clinical histopathological data of an 18-year-old female with attributes of erthrokeratolysis hiemalis. This case is being reported due to its rarity.
La gran oportunidad: De la crisis a la transformación del empleo femenino
Authors: Aguerrevere Gabriela , Araujo María Caridad , Bosch Mariano , Mendoza Mariángela , Ortega Andrea , Picón Pablo , Ripani Laura , Villanueva María Teresa
Published: April 2021

Desde una perspectiva macro, el empleo femenino en América Latina y el Caribe ha vivido cambios positivos a lo largo del siglo XXI. Sin embargo, la incorporación de la mujer al mercado laboral se venía dando en un contexto de desigualdad que se manifestaba en mayor desempleo, segregación ocupacional, y brecha salarial, entre otras desventajas. A esto se suma la pandemia del COVID-19, que ha destruido el empleo como ninguna otra crisis y ha impactado especialmente a las mujeres, exponiendo las vulnerabilidades de los mercados de trabajo de la región y amenazando con deshacer los avances logrados en el cierre de las brechas económicas de género en las últimas tres décadas. Pero la pandemia también ha transformado el mundo del trabajo, lo que abre un escenario de oportunidades para apoyar, mejorar y aumentar la participación laboral femenina. El COVID-19 ha generado un fuerte impulso en áreas específicas donde la perspectiva de género será clave para poder cerrar las brechas entre hombres y mujeres. Además, la igualdad y la diversidad en el mercado laboral brindan innumerables beneficios a los sectores público y privado. La recuperación económica de América Latina y el Caribe será un desafío enorme y por lo tanto requiere acciones asimismo importantes, especialmente si queremos asegurar que las mujeres no se queden atrás y aprovechar esta oportunidad para reconstruir el mercado laboral de una forma más equitativa. Esta publicación presenta un conjunto de acciones que se pueden tomar para seguir avanzando en el cierre de la brecha de género en el contexto de la nueva normalidad, reactivando a las empresas, potenciando las habilidades de las mujeres, y modernizando las regulaciones laborales.
On the Demand for Telemedicine: Evidence from the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Busso Matías , González María P. , Scartascini Carlos
Published: April 2021

Telemedicine can expand access to health care at relatively low cost. Historically, however, demand for telemedicine has remained low. Using administrative records and a difference-in-differences methodology, we estimate the change in demand for telemedicine experienced after the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic and the imposition of mobility restrictions. We find a 233 percent increase in the number of telemedicine calls and a 342 percent increase in calls resulting in a medication being prescribed. The effects were mostly driven by older individuals with pre-existing conditions who used the service for internal medicine consultations. The demand for telemedicine remains high even after mobility restrictions were relaxed, which is consistent with telemedicine being an experience good. These results are a proof of concept for policymakers willing to expand access to healthcare using advances in technology.
Forecasting Wind Speed Data by Using a Combination of ARIMA Model with Single Exponential Smoothing
Authors: Kamisan Nur A.B. , Lee Muhammad H. , Hassan Siti F. , Norrulashikin Siti M. , Nor Maria E. , Rahman Nur H.A.
Published: April 2021

Wind serves as natural resources as the solution to minimize global warming and has been commonly used to produce electricity. Because of their uncontrollable wind characteristics, wind speed forecasting is considered one of the best challenges in developing power generation. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES) and a hybrid model combination of ARIMA and SES will be used in this study to predict the wind speed. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) are used as measurement of efficiency. The hybrid model provides a positive outcome for predicting wind speed compare to the single model of ARIMA and SES.
A Nonstationary Mathematical Model for Acceleration Time Series
Authors: Brahimi Tahar , Smain Tahar
Published: April 2021

The choice of nonstationary stochastic models for the study is fully justified by the limitation of acceleration time series number. The three acceleration time series under consideration are used to generate a new, artificial series of ten per historical one using autoregressive moving average model. Subsequently, the average of nonlinear is utilized for the ten acceleration time series in order to obtain the spectral response of a system with single degree of freedom. Modeling of acceleration time series involves critical estimation of metrics that characterize nonstationary acceleration time series. Thus, for the stiffness degrading systems and bilinear systems, the metrics of hysteretic energy demand and displacement ductility demand during displacement are used. The applicability of artificially generated acceleration time series for the qualitative description of information was shown. More specifically, ARMA (2,2) showed the best results in the study for three accelerated time series through nonlinear response analysis. In addition, as a result, normalized hysteretic energy demand, empirically valid displacement ductility relationships, and model parameters were proposed.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on a Solar Chimney System for Ventilation of a Living Room
Authors: Belfegas Billal , Larbi Salah , Tayebi Tahar
Published: April 2021

The present work relates to the analysis of an energy system based on the solar chimney for passive ventilation of a living space. It consists of an experimental and theoretical study of the energy performance according to some geometrical and environmental parameters. The designed prototype was installed and followed for several days. In parallel, a numerical code was developed in FORTRAN platform to simulate the phenomena in the solar chimney and compare the theoretical results with those experimental in the transient regime. The results obtained relate to the distributions of temperature on the glazing, within the airflow and on the internal wall of the chimney. The hourly rate of air change (ACH), the air-outlet velocity and its mass flow rate have also been determined. The comparison of the results obtained in this study with those of the literature has shown a good agreement. The obtained results have shown that the incidental solar radiation plays a fundamental role in the energy performance of such systems and there is an optimum value of the ratio between the width of the chimney and the wall opening for a high rate of air renewal.
Old age in primary school readers: a journey through the end of the 19th century to the start of the 21st century in Argentina
Authors: Oddone María Julieta
Published: April 2021

This article presents the content (discourse) analysis of messages transmitted by primary school readers in the period between 1880 to 2012. This study allowed us to explore the image of old age and aging that society has and passes on to new generations as well as the role assigned to this generational group. The historical periods that provide the context for the data were defined according to the continuity of or the turning points in the social values transmitted in the reading materials. The role assigned to elderly people and the image of old age that the Argentine society passed on and continues to pass on to younger generations demonstrate that each period described has its own model of aging.
Antecedentes feministas de los grupos de apoyo mutuo en el movimiento loco: un análisis histórico-crítico
Authors: Guzmán Martínez Grecia , Pujal i Llombart Margot , Mora Malo Enrico , García Dauder Dau
Published: April 2021

Los grupos de apoyo mutuo son una de las acciones colectivas más presentes en el movimiento de salud mental en primera persona o movimiento loco. Entre sus precursores se han destacado, principalmente, distintas propuestas de movimientos sociales y de perspectivas comunitarias y colectivas en salud. En este artículo realizamos un recorrido histórico señalando, como antecedentes, diferentes acciones del movimiento de liberación de las mujeres y el movimiento de salud de las mujeres. A partir de dicho recorrido, realizamos un análisis crítico considerando tres ejes para comprender la emergencia de acciones colectivas en salud mental: la experiencia personal en relación con lo sociopolítico; la construcción de sujetos políticos y de conocimiento; y las relaciones de poder en la gestión de la locura y el malestar psíquico. Mostramos cómo los grupos de apoyo mutuo, en el contexto del movimiento loco, dan continuidad a las trayectorias de gestión colectiva y feminista de la salud, y se posicionan como herramientas para la creación de procesos políticos en distintos contextos socioculturales.
A szociális és pedagógiai szakemberek munkakörülményeinek és kiégés-kockázatainak vizsgálata
Authors: Győri Ágnes , Perpék Éva
Published: April 2021

The study scrutinizes the relationship between professional working conditions and burnout among Hungarian social and pedagogical professionals. Despite the fact that burnout and occupational well-being have been extensively researched abroad among professional helpers – primarily health care workers –, no quantitative survey has been conducted in Hungary so far in the target group we examined. Another added value of our study is that, besides work and organizational factors revealed by previous burnout studies, it points to the role of client- and fieldwork-related difficulties in the prevalence of burnout symptoms. In our exploratory, crosssectional survey, 261 social and pedagogical specialists participated from Baranya County. Our results suggest that job and task matching problems, and difficulties related to the fieldwork and clients lead to emotional exhaustion of professionals and decreased work efficiency. Deficiencies related to work motivation cause loss of efficiency as well. The results also indicate that out of the three occupational groups involved in the research, professionals working in the field of child protection are most at risk for emotional exhaustion, and the symptom of depersonalization is most relevant to child protection and family and child welfare workers. In addition, we have shown that longer professional experience can be considered a protective factor in burnout symptoms. Our results can make an important contribution to the establishment of individual and organizational level training, support, development, monitoring and evaluation programs and/or policy-level guidelines and interventions that can improve the working conditions of professionals and reduce their risk of emotional, mental and physical strain.
Közelítések egy integrációs látleletről
Authors: A. Gergely András
Published: April 2021

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A házasság gazdasági szervezete: költségek és hasznok
Authors: Kukucska Zsuzsa
Published: April 2021

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A Prospective Randomised Controlled Double-Blinded Comparative Study of Plain Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine and Dexamethasone for Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block, Government General Hospital, Nizamabad
Authors: Kishan Chintala , G Ravi Kiran Kumar , Sridhar Inugurthy , Madhala Kiran
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Dexamethasone (DES) is a very potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic glucocorticoid with very strong activity. The current study is randomised to determine the onset time, duration, and analgesic potency of bupivacaine (BUC) 0.5 percent, relative to BUC 0.5 percent and DES 8 mg by supraclavicular approach for brachial plexus block. METHODS In patients posted for upper limb surgery under a supraclavicular block, a prospective, randomised, double-blinded study was conducted. 60 Class I and II American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) patients were randomly divided into two classes. Group A received 0.5 percent of 30 ml BUS and group B received 0.5 percent of 28 ml BUS and 8 mg of 2 ml DES combined. For a single shot blockade of the supraclavicular brachial plexus, 30 ml of a solution was required. RESULTS The mean age of patients who received BUS was 36.9 ± 10.4 years and those who received BUS + DES was 34.7 ± 7.1 years (P = 0.328), there was no statistically significant difference between the mean ages of two groups (P > 0.05). The mean time of onset of sensory block in the BUS group was 8.6 ± 1.2 minutes and 5.6 ± 0.7 minutes in the BUS + DES group. There was a statistically significant difference between the onset of motor block in minutes among BUS and BUS + DES groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean ages of the two groups (P < 0.001). There was no statistically meaningful difference between the BUS and BUS + DES classes at various time intervals in the mean heart rate, difference in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. CONCLUSIONS The start of sensory and motor blockade also prolongs the length of DES 8 mg to BUS 0.5 percent speeds, thereby supplying improved analgesia and reducing the rescue analgesic requirements. KEYWORDS Bupivacaine, Dexamethasone, Brachial Plexus, Supraclavicular, Sensory Block
Utility of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as an Indicator of Disease Severity and Prognostic Marker among Patients with Covid-19 Infection in a Tertiary Care Centre in Bangalore – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kulkarni Ashwin , Prabhu Divya , A.B. Likitesh , T Anil Kumar , P. Rao Varun Vinayak , P. Murthy Shaivya
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND The infection caused due to novel coronavirus 2 can cause wide spectrum of disease from asymptomatic mild disease to life threatening disease. The widespread inflammation is most likely the cause of the adverse outcomes. There are numerous markers of the inflammation which are used to identify the severity and prognosis of the disease. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one such marker which is easily available and feasible in all the hospital settings. This study intended to evaluate the NLR as a marker of disease severity and prognosis, in those with Covid-19. METHODS This was a retrospective study to determine the utility of NLR as a marker of severity and prognosis among patients with Covid disease. Medical records of 60 patients admitted with mild to moderate Covid-19 disease were reviewed and relevant data was retrieved. The NLR at admission and 72 hours later was noted. High resolution computerised tomography was done and computerised tomography severity score (CT-SS) was calculated. The outcomes of these patients were noted. RESULTS Mean NLR at admission in mild disease was 5.6 and in moderate disease was 9.2. This difference was found to be statistically significant. It was also seen that NLR had a positive co-relation with CT severity score, duration of hospital stay, Creactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer. For predicting mortality, NLR with cut off of 6.6 had a sensitivity of 100 % and a specificity of 66.07 %. CRP with cut off of 6.8 had sensitivity of 100 %, specificity of 76.79 %. D-dimer with cut off of 1.6 had specificity of 78.58 %. For predicting severity, NLR with cut off of 6.6 had sensitivity of 75 % and specificity of 80 %. CRP with cut off of 7.9 had sensitivity of 65 % and specificity of 100 %. D-dimer with cut off of 1.3, had sensitivity of 90 % and specificity of 97.5 %. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio is a good indicator of disease severity and has prognostic significance in Covid-19. There is a positive correlation with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest score and other markers of inflammation among patients with Covid-19. Serial monitoring of NLR can be utilised as a surrogate to HRCT chest to determine disease severity whenever the latter is not available. This can ensure early intervention and help prevent mortality. KEYWORDS Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, Severity of Covid
Social Marketing Challenges in Western Balkans: Evidence From Kosovo
Authors: Rrustemi Visar , Mladenović Dušan , Jusufi Gezim
Published: April 2021

In a global world, doing business in heavy industry is becoming a concern to the environment. The need for production, export, and consumption under these circumstances has come as a challenge for marketers, consumers and surrounding residential population. The Western Balkan countries include Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo. Kosovo has witnessed a considerable economic transformation during recent years, but is has fallen short of considering and implementing a strategy for the preservation of the environment. Kosovo is relatively rich with underground and surface resources, having large quantities of minerals and coal. But despite this, Kosovo continues to be the most underdeveloped country in the region. Exploiting these resources can have a great impact on economic growth and with it, consumer needs are more satisfied. Social marketing has a major impact on the activities of businesses in these areas and ensures that these businesses operate in accordance with certain rules and laws. This would also help in matters of general health of the population. Through Pearson's correlation and case studies, recommendations and conclusions will be given on the studied topic. The results show that there are positive and negative relationships between the variables which are significant.
The Importance of labeling products with a GMO or non-GMO label
Authors: Meško Kuralt Katja
Published: April 2021

The article is based on publicly available data, namely on European legislation and on publicly available instructions or recommendations/guidelines dealing with the field of GMO labelling in Slovenia. Using a comparative research method, the importance of labelling GMO-free products and GMO-labelled products was analysed. The analysis is based on a comparison of the basic terms with each other (i.e., GMO-labelled products, non-GMO-labelled products), based on a review of the legal definition of the terms and based on control over the use of the terms. The purpose of this paper is to define an important difference between the two concepts, which is hidden and (or) not defined for most consumers.
La antropología en el país de los equívocos: sutilezas políticas entre los Yánesha de la Amazonía peruana
Authors: Narro André
Published: April 2021

Caja de pandora para muchos, el campo político de los pueblos indígenas sigue despertando sorpresas, seguidas de conclusiones apresuradas, en los medios de comunicación e, incluso, en espacios académicos. Tratando de dar contenido a las estructuras y forma a las experiencias de los líderes del pueblo Yánesha, el itinerario de esta crónica parte de las sutilezas de las prácticas que informan este campo para seguir su desarrollo a través de diversas paradojas. Esto, a través de la narración de los tres días de octubre del 2016 en los que tuvo lugar el Congreso Extraordinario de la Federación de Comunidades Nativas Yánesha.
Un análisis del cuerpo trans en el cortometraje “Loxoro”
Authors: Gomez Sophia
Published: April 2021

“Loxoro” es un cortometraje estrenado en el año 2012 y dirigido por la cineasta peruana Claudia Llosa. La historia muestra la búsqueda de Makuti, una mujer trans que trata de encontrar a Mía, su hija, también trans, quien ha desaparecido hace algunos días. Esta reseña se enfoca en una representación emergente en dicho film: el cuerpo trans. A partir del análisis de algunas escenas claves del cortometraje, se argumenta que el cuerpo trans sufre una serie de violencias, cuyo destino final es la muerte o erradicación del mismo, debido a que su existencia o posibilidad de existencia cuestiona el orden heteronormativo que representa a los agresores. En otras palabras, la existencia de Mía desestabiliza las raíces de la identidad de los agresores: la heteronormatividad violenta.
Imágenes urbanas limeñas: la construcción del concepto de “barrio”, sus significaciones y resignificaciones en la memoria de su gente
Authors: Cristóbal Irene
Published: April 2021

El presente texto tiene por objetivo delinear prácticas y discursos en torno a la categoría de barrio, a través de las narrativas de actores y actoras con respecto al lugar en que viven, que es, precisamente, la urbanización El Retablo, ubicada en el distrito de Comas. En cuanto a la dimensión de prácticas, las interrogantes que se proponen son las siguientes: ¿cuáles son los límites de mi barrio? ¿Cuál es su fisonomía? ¿Quiénes circulan? y ¿cómo se ha producido? En cuanto a la dimensión de discursos, las interrogantes que se plantean son las siguientes: ¿qué imagen de barrio se ha construido? ¿Cómo varía esta imagen? ¿Qué implica pertenecer al barrio? ¿Quiénes pertenecen a él? ¿Cuál es el papel de la nostalgia? Subsecuentemente, la perspectiva fenomenológica es la entrada pertinente a la experiencia directa de los actores, manifestada en dichas narrativas. Uno de los hallazgos importantes es que la idea de tener múltiples barrios es consecuente con la idea de tener, a su vez, varias identidades. Es interesante resaltar que dicha idea se asocia con el tiempo vivido, expresado en años de residencia en el lugar; pero, sobre todo, con el tiempo recordado e idealizado, editado y representado en imágenes relevantes de gran carga simbólica para las personas. Es decir, el tiempo con significado. Por esta razón, uno podría tener múltiples barrios si vivió y creció en diversos lugares antes de ser adulto. Por el contrario, el tiempo de haber residido no generaría mayor identidad si no se han llegado a establecer vínculos o experiencias que generen significados.
Escuelas rurales en el Perú: factores que acentúan las brechas digitales en tiempos de pandemia (COVID- 19) y recomendaciones para reducirlas
Authors: Anaya Figueroa Tania , Montalvo Castro Jorge , Calderón Adolfo Ignacio , Arispe Alburqueque Claudia
Published: April 2021

Se estudian los factores que acentúan las brechas digitales de las escuelas rurales en el Perú en el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19. De esa forma, se aborda la educación básica rural antes y durante la pandemia, factores que acentúan las brechas digitales, políticas de inclusión existentes y diversas recomendaciones para reducirlas. Es un estudio cualitativo, analítico-descriptivo, con elementos comparativos entre lo urbano y lo rural, específicamente la región andina del Perú. Las brechas digitales se acentúan por factores de conectividad, dispositivos, apropiación de la tecnología, inadecuada formación docente, entre otros. El estudio evidencia la necesidad de potencializar el binomio conectividad y formación docente para el uso de las tecnologías de la comunicación y de la información y para el diálogo intercultural en los procesos de aprendizaje.
Concepciones epistemológicas y práctica docente de los docentes de Historia en nivel medio superior: un estudio narrativo
Authors: Castillo Villapudua Karla , Ruiz Mendoza Karla , Miramontes Arteaga Ma.
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se analizan entrevistas realizadas a seis docentes de Historia en nivel medio superior con el fin de revisar y reflexionar sobre sus concepciones epistemológicas. El método empleado fue cualitativo, asimismo, se utilizó la investigación narrativa; auxiliándose de la técnica de entrevista a profundidad. Entre los principales hallazgos destacan que la mayoría de los profesores tienen una concepción errónea del concepto de Historia, del uso de las fuentes, del tiempo histórico, así como de su epistemología. Así mismo, algunos docentes no cuentan con el perfil profesional adecuado para impartir la disciplina, por lo que, en resumen, su reflexión crítica es menor ante los cuestionamientos del sentido de la Historia, lo cual influye en la reorientación de la enseñanza de la disciplina.
Trabajo colaborativo en línea como estrategia de aprendizaje en entornos virtuales: una investigación con estudiantes universitarios de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria
Authors: Cotán Fernández Almudena , García Lázaro Irene , Gallardo López Alberto
Published: April 2021

Este artículo se centra en los resultados de un estudio realizado en una Universidad privada de España en la que se analizaron las principales potencialidades, beneficios e inconvenientes del trabajo colaborativo en entornos en línea. Concretamente, se estudió el trabajo colaborativo como estrategia de aprendizaje y cómo influía en el proceso de adquisición de conocimientos de los estudiantes. Partiendo del método cualitativo, se utilizó la entrevista estructurada como instrumento de recogida de información. Los resultados de este trabajo analizan cómo el trabajo colaborativo influye en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y cuáles eran las modalidades de organización más significativas, entre otros aspectos. Entre las principales conclusiones obtenidas, cabe resaltar cómo la implicación personal y la responsabilidad individual son aspectos esenciales para generar un buen clima de cohesión grupal.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Detection of Genes for Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors: Aksoy A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Mycoplasma bovis (Gram-positive bacteria) belongs the class Mollicutes and to the family Mycoplasmataceae (Maunsell and Donovan, 2009). It is a cell wall-less bacterium and are instead enveloped by a complex plasma membrane. In cattle, M. bovis is widely known causes various diseases, such respiratory disease, mastitis, arthritis and otitis. Methods: The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and identify the genes for antimicrobial resistance of Mycoplasma bovis PG45, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. M. bovis PG45, S. aureus and E.coli were subjected to test for their sensitivity to various clinically important antibiotics (Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime, Cefaclor Cefalexin, Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Amikacin, Ampicillin, Oxacilin, Amoxyclav, Rifampicin, Penicillin G and Tylosin). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each antimicrobial agent was determined by applying an agar dilution method. Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify specific DNA fragments and thus to determine the presence or absence of a target gene (VspA, tet k and tetA). Result: Showed the MIC values and the presence of VspA, tetK and tetA in M. bovis PG45, S. aureus and E. coli respectively.