bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I Know Correlation Doesn’t Prove Causation, but . . .”: Are We Jumping to Unfounded Conclusions About the Causes of Sexual Offending?
Authors: Nunes Kevin L. , Pedneault Chloe I. , Filleter W. Eric , Maimone Sacha , Blank Carolyn , Atlas Maya
Published: September 2017

Identifying causes of sexual offending is the foundation of effective and efficient assessment, intervention, and policy aimed at reducing sexual offending. However, studies vary in methodological rigor and the inferences they support, and there are differences of opinion about the conclusions that can be drawn from ambiguous evidence. To explore how researchers in this area interpret the available empirical evidence, we asked authors of articles published in relevant specialized journals to identify (a) an important factor that may lead to sexual offending, (b) a study providing evidence of a relationship between that factor and sexual offending, and (c) the inferences supported by that study. Many participants seemed to endorse causal interpretations and conclusions that went beyond the methodological rigor of the study they identified. Our findings suggest that some researchers may not be adequately considering methodological issues when making inferences about the causes of sexual offending. Although it is difficult to conduct research in this area and all research designs can provide valuable information, sensitivity to the limits methodology places on inferences is important for the sake of accuracy and integrity, and to stimulate more informative research. We propose that increasing attention to methodology in the research community through better training and standards will advance scientific knowledge about the causes of sexual offending, and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of practice and policy.
An Opportunity View of Child Sexual Offending: Investigating Nonpersuasion and Circumstances of Offending Through Criminological Lens
Authors: Leclerc Benoit , Proulx Jean
Published: September 2017

The empirical evidence indicating that sexual offenders against children manipulate their victims to participate in sexual activities dominates the literature on sex offenders and their modus operandi. However, recent evidence suggests that a high proportion of these offenders do not try to persuade their victims for sexual contact in the first place by using coercion or manipulation but simply assault them when an opportunity arises. Using self-reported data from a sample of incarcerated adult sexual offenders against children, we investigate whether sexual offenses against children committed by the use of nonpersuasion are characterized by little planning and by offense features that are indicative of opportunistic offending. We also examine the interaction between the type of offending strategy and the context of abuse. Findings reveal that offenders using nonpersuasion do not seek out potential victims, but rather seize an opportunity to offend. The type of offending strategy also interacts with the context of abuse for most preoffense and offense variables. These interactions are informative of the conditions favoring opportunistic sex offending against children.
Young children playing their way into intercultural understanding
Authors: Acevedo María V
Published: September 2017

Children’s life experiences can position their exploration of global cultural communities within early childhood classrooms. Some early childhood educators, however, are concerned that many young children do not have direct experience of global cultures and thus believe that differences between cultural practices will be confusing to young children and global knowledge beyond their capacity. This study, conducted in a Reggio Emilia inspired preschool classroom in the Southwest United States, analysed young children’s enquiries and intercultural understanding as they interacted and responded to an enquiry-based global curriculum. As a resource teacher conducting action research, I implemented the global curriculum and collected field notes, videos from children’s play, artefacts that the children created as they engaged with the global curriculum and a teaching journal. I analysed the data, beginning with deductive categories from the professional literature, approaching intercultural understanding as knowledge, perspective and action. These broad categories were adapted and subcategories created to represent young children’s intercultural understanding as evidenced through their play, enquiries and language. The findings of this study provide evidence to suggest that global exploration can enhance the lives of children when it: (1) builds on children’s curiosity about the world and, through play, (2) highlights the development of knowledge, perspectives and action for a more just world.
Pilot study of orphenadrine as a novel treatment for muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Abd-Elsalam Sherief , El-Kalla Ferial , Ali Lobna A , Mosaad Samah , Alkhalawany Walaa , Elemary Berihan , Badawi Rehab , Elzeftawy Asmaa , Hanafy Amr , Elfert Asem
Published: September 2017

Background and aims

Muscle cramps markedly affect the quality of life in cirrhotic patients with no available highly effective treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of orphenadrine in the treatment of muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients.

Methods

The study enrolled 30 liver cirrhosis patients complaining of frequent muscle cramps (≥3 per week), who were randomized to receive either orphenadrine 100 mg or calcium carbonate 500 mg twice daily as a control for one month. Severity, frequency, and duration of the muscle cramps were assessed before and after treatment as well as recurrence after washout of the drug for two weeks. Side effects were recorded.

Results

One month after treatment with orphenadrine; the frequency of muscle cramps decreased significantly to 0.6 ± 0.74 per week compared to 12.53 ± 6.01 at baseline ( p < 0.001), the duration of muscle cramps decreased from 1 min to 0.1 min after treatment ( p < 0.001). The pain score improved significantly from a score of 8/10 to 0/10 ( p < 0.001). The side effects were few, such as dry mouth, drowsiness, and nausea, with no significant difference between their occurrences in the two groups.

Conclusion

Orphenadrine is safe and effective in treatment of muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis.
A new reference model for 3D inversion of airborne magnetic data in hilly terrain — A case study from northern Sweden
Authors: Abtahi Sayyed Mohammad , Pedersen Laust Börsting , Kamm Jochen , Kalscheuer Thomas
Published: September 2017

The inherent nonuniqueness in modeling magnetic data can be partly reduced by adding prior information, either as mathematical constructs or simply as bounds on magnetization obtained from laboratory measurements. If a good prior model can be used as a reference model, then the quality of estimated models through an inverse approach can be greatly improved. But even though data on magnetic properties of rocks might exist, their distribution may often be quite irregular on local and regional scales, so that it is difficult to define representative classes of rock types suitable for constraining geophysical models of magnetization. We have developed a new way of constructing a reference model that varies only laterally and is confined to the part of the terrain that lies above the lowest topography in the area. To obtain this model, several estimated 2D magnetization distributions were constructed by data inversion as a function of the iteration number. Then, a suitable 2D model of the magnetization in the topography was chosen as a starting point for constructing a 3D reference model by modifying it with a vertical decay such that its average source depth was the same for all horizontal positions. The average source depth of the reference model was chosen to satisfy the average source depth obtained from analyzing the radial power spectrum of the area studied. Finally, the measured magnetic data were inverted in three dimensions using the given reference model. For a selected reference model, shallow structures indicated a better overall correlation with large remanent magnetizations measured on rock samples from the area. Throughout the entire model, the direction of magnetization was allowed to vary freely. We found that the Euclidean norm of the estimated model was reduced compared with the case where the magnetization direction was fixed.
Partitive subjects in Estonian dialects
Authors: Lindström Liina
Published: September 2017

Nominative-partitive alternation in subject marking in Estonian occurs mainly in existentials and related constructions. The paper measures the overall frequency of use of partitive subjects (PS) in Estonian dialects to explore whether differences are found, which can be explained by language contacts. Second, it provides an overview of constructions where PSs occur in Estonian dialects. The data is obtained from the Corpus of Estonian Dialects (12 subdialects, 1517 instances of PS usage). The results show that in usage frequency of PSs, Estonian dialects are relatively uniform and there are no striking differences between the dialects. The use of PSs was less frequent in Northern-Seto (a South-Estonian subdialect, in the Russian contact area), where the use of PSs is more tightly associated with negative clauses than it is in other dialects. Negation is also generally the most powerful factor conditioning the use of PSs (explains 52% of the usages of PSs).Kokkuvõte. Liina Lindström: Partitiivsubjekt eesti murretes. Nominatiivipartitiivi vaheldumine subjekti markeerimisel toimub eesti keeles peamiselt eksitentsiaallausetes ja sellega sarnastes konstruktsioonides. Artiklis mõõdetakse partitiivsubjekti esinemissagedust eesti murretes, et leida, kas murrete vahel on olulisi erinevusi partiivsubjekti kasutamisel, ja kas neid erinevusi saab selgitada keelekontaktide mõjuga. Lisaks vaadeldakse konstruktsioone, kus partitiivsubjekt üldse võib esineda. Andmed on pärit eesti murrete korpusest (12 eri murrakut, kokku 1517 partitiivsubjekti kasutusjuhtu). Artiklist selgub, et partitiivsubjekti kasutuse põhjal on eesti murded küllalt sarnased. Pisut vähem kasutati partitiivsubjekti Põhja-Seto tekstides, kus see oli tugevamalt seotud eitusega kui mujal. Eitus oli ka üldiselt kõige olulisem partitiivsubjekti kasutamist mõjutav tegur (52% partitiivsubjektiga lausetest olid eitavad).Võtmesõnad: murdesüntaks; partitiivsubjekt; eristav subjekti markeerimine; eesti murded
The Estonian jääda and Livonian īedõ: expressions of REMAIN and CHANGE in various grammatical constructions
Authors: Norvik Miina , Prillop Külli
Published: September 2017

The present article studies the usage of the Estonian verb jääda and Livonian īedõ in various grammatical constructions. Although in both languages they can be attested to convey REMAIN and CHANGE, there are differences in their use depending on the construction. Apart from Estonian, the Livonian īedõ is shown to function as a general change-of-state predicate. Whereas previously the Estonian jääda has been associated with negative change and continuation, this study demonstrates that, in more general terms, one could speak about unexpectedness or difference from the majority, and remaining in an activity or state for some time. The linguistic data originates from various corpora, in the case of Livonian also from collections of texts. In order to investigate the historical development, the Old Written Estonian data was also included in the study. We propose that originally the verb expressed ‘remain, stay behind’. The corresponding meaning is present in most of the constructions expressing location; in Old Written Estonian such instances constituted ¾ of all examples.Kokkuvõte. Miina Norvik ja Külli Prillop: Eesti jääda ja liivi īedõ: PÜSIMISE ja MUUTUSE väljendamine erinevates grammatilistes konstruktsioonides. Artiklis analüüsitakse eesti jääda- ja liivi īedõ-verbi kasutust erinevates grammatilistes konstruktsioonides. Kuigi mõlemas keeles on ‘jääda’-verbil nii püsimise kui ka muutuse väljendamise funktsioon, võib konstruktsiooniti täheldada mitmeid erinevusi. Ühtlasi selgub, et liivi īedõ on laia kasutusvaldkonnaga üldise tähendusega muutusverb, mille vaste eesti keeles (lisaks jääda-verbile) võib olla ka saada, minna või tekkida/ilmuda. Kui eesti keeles on verbi jääda varem seostatud ennekõike negatiivse muutuse ning püsimisega, näidatakse siinses artiklis, et veelgi üldisemalt võiks jääda puhul rääkida olukorra erandlikkusest või ootamatusest ning selles püsimisest. Analüüsitav näitematerjal pärineb erinevatest korpustest, liivi keele puhul ka tekstikogumikest. Ajaloolise arengu kohta oletuste tegemiseks on võrdlusmaterjali kogutud ka eesti vana kirjakeele korpusest. Ilmneb, et algselt on tegemist ‘maha jäämist’ tähistanud verbiga – nimetatud tähendus on ennekõike esil kohta väljendavates konstruktsioonides, mis näiteks vanas kirjakeeles moodustasid enamiku kasutusjuhtudest.Võtmesõnad: muutus; püsimine; grammatilised konstruktsioonid; liivi keel; eesti keel; eesti vana kirjakeel
National framework boost can help face challenges
Authors: Huggins Valerie , Campbell-Barr Verity
Published: September 2017

This series on international perspectives of ECEC is designed to offer a window into what is happening in other countries in the hope of fostering a process of reflection. This month, early years in Ethiopia.
Parental engagement – promise and possibilities
Authors: Chambers Susannah
Published: September 2017

The evidence that working in harmony with parents makes a difference to outcomes is clear – so it is crucial that practitioners are supported to meaningfully engage around their children's learning.
Getting involved needs to be a collaborative process
Authors: Brown Paula
Published: September 2017

We often talk about listening to the voices of the young children in our care, giving them a say in the provision we offer, but do we understand the concept of participation and the responsibilities we have?
We can build positive foundations
Authors: Wright David
Published: September 2017

We live in what can safely be described as ‘interesting’ times, which present us many challenges and, sadly, injustices to face, but do we bemoan our fate or do we seek to engage with determined hope?
Treasure is never far away
Authors: Jell Caroline
Published: September 2017

Sand is one of life's pleasures, in one form or another. Whether it is wriggling our toes on the beach, making the perfect castle, or digging up mysterious objects in a tray, this is a timeless and staple resource.
Support and how to get it
Authors: Hammond Paula
Published: September 2017

We continue our series focusing on Personal, social, and emotional development with activities designed to get children into the habit of self-analysis – this month, asking for help when needed.
Changing communication ecologies in rural, peri-urban and urban Kenya
Authors: Gustafsson Jessica , Nielsen Poul Erik
Published: September 2017

This article aims to discuss changing media ecologies in rural, peri-urban and urban Kenya. The article is based on a comprehensive baseline survey of 799 individuals carried out in October 2014 in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The survey recorded media access and media use in relation to demographic data. The findings suggest that media ecologies in rural, peri-urban as well as urban Kenya have undergone dramatic changes. The much hyped and unprecedented spread of mobile telephony has taken place simultaneously with the introduction of or increased access to radio and television, including satellite television. Different emerging communication ecologies can be identified, often with radio providing a solid foundation and combining in different ways with television and mobile phones. Even though mobile ownership, for example, has increased in all segments and areas, gender inequalities are reproduced in relation to mobile phone access especially in the rural areas, while in urban areas the inequalities are less significant. This pattern is also visible in connection with television and social media use, thereby highlighting the fact that the urban–rural and gender divides often intersect.
Testimonio de un padre. O por qué quise que mi hijo entrara en un grupo scout
Authors: Torres Lucas Jorge
Published: September 2017

Vivir la experiencia del escultismo es algo que marca profundamente a las personas, por eso quise que mi hijo entrara a formar parte de un grupo scout, una invitación a que pudiera vivir genuinamente su propia experiencia. Como padres también supuso una apuesta pedagógica para el futuro de nuestros hijos.
Hagamos que nuestra acción se multiplique
Authors: Arco Laura del , Laso Belén , Santaolalla Elsa
Published: September 2017

Movidos por nuestro interés en la educación, en la innovación didáctica y metodológica, y en el reparto equitativo de oportunidades en todos los ámbitos educativos, en la materia de Didáctica de las Matemáticas, decidimos incorporar una intervención pedagógica que aunara estos intereses y nos permitiera enriquecer nuestro proceso de formación como docentes. Así comenzó en el grupo de estudiantes de 3º del grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas la andadura del Aprendizaje Servicio (ApS) que ha conseguido vincular a Guatemala y a España con una excusa matemática: la enseñanza de la multiplicación.
Strategic tools and business modeling in an information technology firm
Authors: Keller Felipe Hatzenberger , Daronco Everaldo Luis , Cortimiglia Marcelo
Published: September 2017

Many small companies active in the segment of information and communication technology demonstrate difficulties in terms of expanding their business and increasing the product and service portfolio. In this context, this study aims to apply strategic tools and business model in a micro-segment of the software industry inserted into a huge market competition and low entry barriers. A qualitative research was carried out, unfolded in three stages: initial diagnosis, which is developed in the current map of the business model and analysed in the internal and external environments through tools such as PESTEL, Porter's 5 forces and SWOT matrix; critical analysis, when opportunities for improvement were identified based on analysis of the environment and questionnaires applied to current and potential customers and; restructuring and identifying improvements, a stage that includes the redesign of the idealized business model, stipulating coefficients of importance for further start-up study, by applying cross SWOT analysis. Among the main results to new technologies, media release, complementary services and support partnerships are adapted.
Pengaruh sistem tanam dan pupuk organik terhadap karakter agronomi turi dan rumput benggala pada tanah salin
Authors: Tolib Rokhimun , Kusmiyati Florentina , Lukiwati Dwi Retno
Published: September 2017

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh sistem tanam serta dosis pupuk kandang terhadap karakter agronomi turi dan rumput benggala pada tanah salin. Salinitas tanah yang digunakan termasuk sedang, dengan daya hantar listrik 4,10 dS/m. Pupuk kandang (pukan) yang digunakan berasal dari ternak sapi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan, rancangan acak kelompok monofaktor terdiri dari 9 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, yaitu monokultur turi tanpa pukan (M1); monokultur turi + 10 ton pukan/ha (M2); monokultur turi + 20 ton pukan/ha (M3); tumpangsari turi dan rumput benggala + 0 ton pukan/ha (M4); tumpangsari turi dan rumput benggala + 10 ton pukan/ha (M5); tumpangsari turi dan rumput benggala + 20 ton pukan/ha (M6); monokultur rumput benggala tanpa pukan (M7); monokultur rumput benggala + 10 ton pukan/ha (M8); monokultur rumput benggala + 20 ton pukan/ha (M9). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk kandang dengan dosis 10 ton/ha mampu meningkatkan jumlah daun, kadar klorofil a, kadar klorofil total, serta produksi bahan kering turi dan rumput benggala pada tanah salin. Sistem tanam tumpangsari mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan lahan. Kata kunci : Agronomi, sistem tanam, organik, turi, rumput benggala.
Proposed Square Lattice Photonic Crystal Fiber for Extremely High Nonlinearity, Birefringence and Ultra-High Negative Dispersion Compensation
Authors: Islam Md. Ibadul , Ahmed Kawsar , Sen Shuvo , Paul Bikash Kumar , Islam Md. Shadidul , Chowdhury Sawrab , Hasan Md. Rabiul , Uddin Muhammad Shahin , Asaduzzaman Sayed , Bahar Ali Newaz
Published: September 2017

A photonic crystal fiber in square lattice architecture is numerically investigated and proposed for broadband dispersion compensation in optical transmission system. Simulation results reveal that it is possible to obtain an ultra-high negative dispersion of about −571.7 to −1889.7 (ps/nm.km) in the wavelength range of 1340 nm to 1640 nm. Experimentally it is demonstrated that the design fiber covers a high birefringence of order 4.74×10‒3 at the wavelength of 1550 nm. Here, numerical investigation of guiding properties and geometrical properties of the proposed PCF are conducted using the finite element method (FEM) with perfectly match layers. Moreover, it is established more firmly that the proposed fiber successfully compensates the chromatic dispersion of standard single mode in entire band of interest. Our result is attractive due to successfully achieve ultra-high negative dispersion that is more promisor than the prior best results.
Blink and you’ll miss it: a new biosensing strategy with nucleic acids
Authors: Sajja Sameer , Roark Brandon K. , Chandler Morgan , Jones Marcus
Published: September 2017

Fluorescent biosensors typically use energy or electron transfer to modulate the emission from a fluorophore. This requirement often makes it difficult to change the biosensor to make it selective to a difference target. In this research highlight we describe a recently reported strategy that relies, for the first time, on fluorescence blinking from nucleic acid-coupled quantum dots to report the presence of a target molecule. This strategy produces a decoupled biosensor, whose fluorescence output is not directly modulated by interaction with the target. The resulting biosensor can be readily modified to sense any target that can be selectively bound to nucleic acids and is therefore much more widely applicable than the vast majority of fluorescent sensors that have been reported.
Nongenomic Glucocorticoid Suppression of a Postsynaptic Potassium Current via Emergent Autocrine Endocannabinoid Signaling in Hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Cells following Chronic Dehydration
Authors: Wu Ning , Tasker Jeffrey G.
Published: September 2017

Glucocorticoids rapidly stimulate endocannabinoid synthesis and modulation of synaptic transmission in hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells via a nongenomic signaling mechanism. The endocannabinoid actions are synapse-constrained by astrocyte restriction of extracellular spatial domains. Exogenous cannabinoids have been shown to modulate postsynaptic potassium currents, including the A-type potassium current (IA), in different cell types. The activity of magnocellular neuroendocrine cells is shaped by a prominentIA. We tested for a rapid glucocorticoid modulation of the postsynapticIKandIAin magnocellular neuroendocrine cells of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) using whole-cell recordings in rat brain slices. Application of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex) had no rapid effect on theIKorIAamplitude, voltage dependence, or kinetics in magnocellular neurons in slices from untreated rats. In magnocellular neurons from salt-loaded rats, however, Dex application caused a rapid suppression of theIAand a depolarizing shift inIAvoltage dependence. Exogenously applied endocannabinoids mimicked the rapid Dex modulation of theIA, and CB1 receptor antagonists and agonists blocked and occluded the Dex-induced changes in theIA, respectively, suggesting an endocannabinoid dependence of the rapid glucocorticoid effect. Preincubation of control slices in a gliotoxin resulted in the partial recapitulation of the glucocorticoid-induced rapid suppression of theIA. These findings demonstrate a glucocorticoid suppression of the postsynapticIAin PVN magnocellular neurons via an autocrine endocannabinoid-dependent mechanism following chronic dehydration, and suggest a possible role for astrocytes in the control of the autocrine endocannabinoid actions.
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men: uncommonly low testosterone levels
Authors: Gomes Ana Coelho , Aragüés José Maria , Guerra Sílvia , Fernandes Joana , Mascarenhas Mário Rui
Published: September 2017

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is common and occurs prematurely in HIV-infected men. However, HH with very low testosterone has not been described. Three men with normal pubertal development and HIV1 diagnosis at the ages of 22, 34 and 35 years. All complained of decreased libido, anejaculation and erectile dysfunction thirteen years, six months and one year after HIV diagnosis, respectively. Two had depressive syndrome and two were treated with antiretroviral therapy. Laboratory tests revealed isolated HH in all. Sellar and head CT scans were normal and all had normal CD4 count. They started testosterone replacement therapy, with symptoms improvement. Causes of HH in HIV-infected men include undernutrition, severe illness, drugs, pituitary dysfunction and comorbidities. Despite having none of these conditions (except two that were treated with low-dose psychotropics), our patients had HH with uncommonly low testosterone. This suggests that a different mechanism contributes to severe HH in HIV-infected men.

Learning points:

The pathogenesis of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in HIV-infected men is multifactorial and androgen deficiency is more often a consequence of secondary hypogonadism than primary hypogonadism.

Causes of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in HIV-infected men include undernutrition, severe illness, drugs (psychotropics, opiates, megestrol acetate or steroids), pituitary dysfunction (tumor, hyperprolactinemia), an AIDS-related lesion (very rarely) and comorbid conditions, such as antibody to hepatitis C virus seropositivity and injection drug use.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), particularly protease inhibitor therapy has been associated with sexual dysfunction in men, but the causal nature of this relation has not been clearly established.

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with uncommonly low testosterone levels are not usually associated with the conditions referred and this suggests that a different mechanism could contribute to severe hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in HIV-infected men.

Screening for hypogonadism in all HIV-infected men might help to understand its etiology.
TOP1MT deficiency promotes GC invasion and migration via the enhancements of LDHA expression and aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Wang Hongqiang , Zhou Rui , Sun Li , Xia Jianling , Yang Xuchun , Pan Changqie , Huang Na , Shi Min , Bin Jianping , Liao Yulin , Liao Wangjun
Published: September 2017

Aerobic glycolysis plays an important role in cancer progression. New target genes regulating cancer aerobic glycolysis must be explored to improve patient prognosis. Mitochondrial topoisomerase I (TOP1MT) deficiency suppresses glucose oxidative metabolism but enhances glycolysis in normal cells. Here, we examined the role of TOP1MT in gastric cancer (GC) and attempted to determine the underlying mechanism. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments and analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with GC, we found that TOP1MT expression was lower in GC samples than in adjacent nonmalignant tissues. TOP1MT knockdown significantly promoted GC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, TOP1MT silencing increased glucose consumption, lactate production, glucose transporter 1 expression and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GC. Additionally, regulation of glucose metabolism induced by TOP1MT was significantly associated with lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression. A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 295 patients with GC demonstrated that low TOP1MT expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, recurrence and high mortality rates. TOP1MT deficiency enhanced glucose aerobic glycolysis by stimulating LDHA to promote GC progression.
Shakhṣīyat Sunan Kalijaga fī taqālīd Mataram al-Islāmīyah
Authors: Nasuhi Hamid
Published: September 2017

Sunan Kalijaga is one of the Wali (The Saint) who is very popular in Java. His name is increasingly popular because he was mentioned many times in a myriad of chronicles (babad) composed in the Islamic Mataram period, particularly since 17th century. Text written on the chronicles are hagiographic so that enormous things in the current Java, especially in the field of politic, culture, and religious is always cited as the creation of this Wali. The appearance and the story modification of puppet story, Lir-ilir song, bedug usage as salat signal, the legend of tatal (woodchips) in the establishment of the Demak Great Mosque, the sacrad cloth of Antakusuma, and etcetera, is deemed as the Sunan Kalijaga’s legacy. Therefore, he is being regarded as the representation of perfect human in view of the Javanese, not even less perfect than the kings who had ever ruled in Mataram Kingdom.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i1.5222
Effect of a low rank coal inoculated with coal solubilizing bacteria for the rehabilitation of a saline-sodic soil in field conditions
Authors: Cubillos Hinojosa Juan Guillermo , Valero Valero Nelson Osvaldo , Peralta Arnaldo De Jesús
Published: September 2017

The aim of this research was to assessing changes on some chemical, biological and physical properties of a Salidic Calciustolls, in response enhanced by treatment with low rank coal (LRC) and coal solubilizing bacteria (CSB): Bacillus mycoides, Microbacterium sp and Acinetobacter baumannii, that release humified organic matter (HOM) due to biotrasnsformation of this coal. Over field conditions, plots of 5m2 were treated with the addition of LRC at a dose of 5kg/m2 and the inoculum of coal solubilizing bacteria in suspension of 1x108 bacteria.mL-1 at a dose of 100 mL/m2. Soil respiration, microbiological activity, lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lac) enzyme activities were determined. The variables associated with saline sodic soils (electrical conductivity – EC, sodium adsorption ratio – SAR and exchangeable sodium percentage – ESP), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and bulk density (BD) also were determined. The LRC application contributed to the decrease of EC, SAR and ESP, but were not observed significant changes in pH. No significant changes were found in the BD; however, treatment was able to increase soil respiration, microbiological activity, and stimulation of LiP, MnP and Lac enzymes activity, as well as an increase in soil CEC. These results suggest the possibility of using the LRC as HOM source for the rehabilitation of degraded saline soils, considering that this kind of involvement is a common problem in soils of the Cesar River Valley in the Colombian Caribbean dry lands influenced by coal mining opencast. Keywords: lignite, humic substances, biotransformation coal, soil salinity
Agroindustrial performance of sugarcane varieties for panela in Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: López Lopera Juan Gonzalo , Tamayo Vélez Álvaro
Published: September 2017

En el municipio de San Carlos la agroindustria panelera es el sector agrícola más importante, en lo económico, en la generación de empleo y en la seguridad alimentaria. Las variedades de caña de azúcar obtenidas por Cenicaña representan alternativas de competitividad y productividad para el sector panelero de Colombia. La presente investigación evaluó agronómicamente y en rendimiento en trapiche tipo Cimpa, diez variedades de caña, en dos localidades del municipio de San Carlos, Antioquia, en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con dos repeticiones. En cuatro surcos de seis metros de largo, se sembraron 10 yemas por surco. Con un promedio de tres ciclos de corte, las variables estudiadas fueron, toneladas de caña por hectárea, toneladas de panela por hectárea, rendimiento industrial (%) y calidad industrial. Las variedades CC 93-4418, CC 93-3817, CC 93-3895 y CC 92-2154 superaron en 40, 34, 30 y 21 toneladas de caña y 7, 6, 5 y 5 toneladas de panela, respectivamente, a los rendimientos obtenidos por el testigo Co 421. Los rendimientos industriales fluctuaron entre 11 y 13%, el testigo fue del 12%. Estas cuatro variedades presentan buenas características de pH, concentración de solidos solubles, sacarosa y azucares reductores. Estos resultados son replicables y asumibles para la mayoría de las de zonas productoras del departamento de Antioquia.
Evaluation of bioactive compounds with functional interest from yellow pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw)
Authors: Torres Grisales Yennifer , Melo Sabogal Diana Victoria , Torres-Valenzuela Laura Sofía , Serna-Jiménez Johanna Andrea , Sanín Villarreal Alejandra
Published: September 2017

La pitahaya amarilla es una fruta exótica, catalogada por la Corporación Internacional Colombiana como una fruta promisoria para la exportación, debido a sus atributos sensoriales y organolépticos. Además, esta fruta ha sido asociada al control del estreñimiento, y con beneficios para la salud, gracias a su contenido de antioxidantes. Por consiguiente, el propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades químicas y los biocomponentes presentes en tallo, cáscara, semilla y pulpa de pitahaya amarilla. La determinación de polifenoles se realizó siguiendo el método de Folin-Ciocalteu; el contenido de vitamina C por el método de 2-nitroanilina; la capacidad antioxidante se determinó por los métodos ABTS y DPPH; y la aceleración del peristaltismo mediante la medición de heces en biomodelos (hámsteres dorados), alimentados con diferentes partes de esta fruta. Los resultados demostraron que la composición de la fruta varía de acuerdo a sus partes. Es de destacar que todas las partes de la fruta contienen compuestos bioactivos en diferentes concentraciones; la concentración más alta de vitamina C, polifenoles y capacidad antioxidante se encontró en la semilla (22,08 mg ácido ascórbico por g materia seca, 1580 mg ácido gálico por 100 g materia seca, 79,2±0,2% ABTS, respectivamente) y cáscara (20,615 mg ácido ascórbico por g materia seca, 1333,33 mg ácido gálico por 100 g materia seca, 66,2±0,8% ABTS, respectivamente); respecto a la aceleración del peristaltismo, la producción de heces incrementó al consumir semillas de pitahaya. De acuerdo a lo anterior, se concluye que la pitahaya amarilla podría ser una alternativa de un producto promisorio, debido a su composición y contenido de compuestos bioactivos de interés funcional.
Características nutricionales y fermentativas de ensilados de pasto Camerún con plátano Pelipita
Authors: López-Herrera Michael , Rojas-Bourrillon Augusto , Zumbado-Ramírez Carlos
Published: September 2017

The objective of this research was to determine the nutritional and fermentative characteristics of Cameroon grass silage with replacement of immature Pelipita banana fruit (Musa ABB). The experiment was carried out between May and September of 2015, using a random and unrestricted design with four treatments and three substitution levels of fruit (15; 30, 45% w/w) and one control (0% fruit) with molasses (3% w/w). Each treatment had five replicates. The materials were harvested and minced in Upala, Costa Rica; the experimental part was developed in Montes de Oca, Costa Rica. The blends were stored for sixty days in 5 kg bags. Treatments that used immature fruit presented higher values of pH and ammonia nitrogen, than treatments that used molasses, treatments that used immature fruit also showed higher concentrations of non-fibrous carbohydrates and energy. Dry matter only increased in the treatment that had a 45% substitution. However, in all treatments where the fruit was used, the concentration of the fiber components and the digestibility of the neutral detergent fiber were reduced, due to an increase in lignin concentration. The ensiled materials had the potential to produce 1.50-1.70 kg milk/cow, when are consumed 5 kg fresh material (MV)/animal, and 4.40-5.20 kg milk/cow when consume 15 kg MV/animal, based on the requirement of net breastfeeding energy with a consumption rate three times higher than maintenance (3x).
Efecto de Caryodendron orinocense sobre la degradación de la materia seca
Authors: Losada Aguilar Pablo , Cuesta Peralta Aurora , Vargas Martínez Juan De Jesús
Published: September 2017

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro and in situ dry matter degradation by including cacay cake (Caryodendron orinocense) on a diet based on Brachiaria dictyoneura. The experiment was developed in an animal nutrition laboratory on the Animal Sciences Faculty at the Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, Bogotá, Colombia, in July 2015. Four treatments were evaluated: B. dictyoneura, cacay cake and two mixtures of B. dictyoneura: cacay cake (80:20 and 60:40). The chemical composition and the in vitro and in situ degradability of the dry matter and the crude protein, at 48 hours were determined. The variables were analyzed through a complete randomized design with four treatments. The inclusion of cacay cake decreased the cell wall-associated with carbohydrate concentration and increased the higher digestibility nutrients; the crude protein and dry matter, in situ and in vitro degradability increased 22, 6 and 38%, respectively. In conclusion, the inclusion of cacay cake on a diet of B. dictyoneura improves dry matter degradation in vitro and in situ conditions.
Efecto de dos abonos orgánicos en las cadenas tróficas del suelo cultivado con mora
Authors: Orozco Aceves Martha , Calvo Araya José Alonso , Gamboa Tabares Jean Alexander , Peraza Padilla Wálter , Varela Rodríguez Orlando , Orozco Rodríguez Rafael
Published: September 2017

Soil fertilization with organic fertilizers comprises a practice that improves the soil biological properties; however, the effect of these on the soil food web (SFW) has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two commercial organic fertilizers on the structure of the SFW associated with roots of blackberry plants (Rubus adenotrichos). The research was conducted in two blackberry plantations located one in San Martín de León Cortés, and the other one in Buena Vista de Pérez Zeledón in San José, Costa Rica, from August to December, 2010. In the two plantations, plants were fertilized with compost or vermicompost. The roots of blackberry plants surrounding soil were sampled in order to quantify groups of the SFW through the following techniques: bacteria and filamentous fungi by plate count, protozoa by the most probable number, spores from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nematodes by flotation-centrifugation, microarthropods, macroarthropods, and worms were directly counted in soil samples. The dataset was analyzed by multidimensional scaling analysis. The addition of organic fertilizers to soil caused a differential effect on the structure of the SFW (as compared with non-fertilized soils). The effect differed in soil from each of the experimental plantations according to fertilizer type. The groups of organisms mainly affected were actinomycetes and protozoa, which implies that the structure of SFW and consequently, the function of soil were not affected by the addition of organic fertilizers.
Características morfométricas, anatómicas y viabilidad de semillas de Cedrela odorata L. y Cariniana pyriformis Miers*.
Authors: Espitia Camacho Miguel Mariano , Araméndiz Tatis Hermes , Cardona Ayala Carlos Enrique
Published: September 2017

The aim of the study was to identify morphometric, anatomical, and the viability characteristics of the seeds of Cedrela odorata and Cariniana pyriformis. The study was carried out at the Universidad de Córdoba of Montería, Colombia, from April 2012 to July 2014; the study was carried out with a laboratory descriptive methodology, tetrazolium and germination tests in germination chamber were performed. Seeds of commercial lots from three locations in the department of Cordoba, were used. Five trees of each specie were randomly selected and from each tree, five samples of one hundred seeds, were randomly selected. The description of the shape and the anatomy of the seeds was made according to ten seeds of each specie. For the tetrazolium tests, a completely randomized design experiment, with six treatments, and four replications of 25 seeds, was established. The six treatments were originated by combining the tetrazolium concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%, with two and three hours of immersion in the solution. The external characteristics of C. odorata showed less variation than C. pyriformis, especially in weight. Four topological patterns were identified in each specie. It was possible to determine the viability for C. pyriformis and C. odorata with immersion for two hours at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0% tetrazolium, respectively.
Análise de algoritmo construtivo para otimização de diferentes critérios em ambiente integrado scheduling-distribuição
Authors: Tavares Neto Roberto , Oliveira Ronaldo Castro
Published: September 2017

A literatura já demonstrou a necessidade de se considerar a integração entre diversas funções desistemas produtivos. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo apresenta um algoritmo construtivo para oproblema integrado scheduling-distribuição, onde o ambiente produtivo é uma única máquina, ea distribuição é composta de um único veículo capacitado, capaz de realizar múltiplas rotas. Umconjunto de 7 regras de inicialização é avaliado. As análises realizadas são baseadas no gap encontradoem soluções ótimas (no caso de problemas de pequeno porte) ou entre os algoritmos (para asdemais instâncias). Para a análise, as instâncias são analisadas de acordo com os parâmetros queforam utilizados para sua geração. Fica evidenciado que a eficácia do operador de inserção dependemuito do objetivo a ser minimizado. Além disso, percebeu-se que a ordenação baseada em temposde setup permitiu ao operador de inserção a obtenção de melhores resultados finais.
Conhecimento das dimensões de sustentabilidade em uma escola de negócios signatárias do PRME
Authors: Cezarino Luciana Oranges , Liboni Lara Bartocci , Sala Otávia Travençolo Muniz , Caldana Adriana Cristina Ferreira
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo apresenta a correlação entre o nível de conhecimento em sustentabilidade dos alunos da FEA-RP/USP, escola de negócios brasileira signatária do Principles for Responsible Managament Education (PRME), e o conhecimento das dimensões em sustentabilidade:ambiental, social e econômica. Ao entender a relevância do papel das instituições de ensino superior na formação de líderes responsáveis, a FEA-RP/USP participou em 2014 da primeira rodada da pesquisa internacional Sustainability Literacy Test (Sulite) desenvolvida pela Kedge Business School. Como problema de pesquisa tem-se: qual a influência da variação do conhecimento nas três dimensões de sustentabilidade isoladamente no conhecimento total dos alunos sobre o tema? Os resultados corroboraram a primeira hipótese do trabalho que determinava que a pontuação em conhecimento da dimensão ambiental estava associada à variação do conhecimento total em sustentabilidade pelos estudantes. As demais dimensões não demonstraram correlações significativas. Espera-se que novos estudos possam elucidar as variações do conhecimento em sustentabilidade de acordo com a área de formação ou nível de escolaridade dos estudantes.
Otimização do acabamento superficial no torneamento cilíndrico externo de um aço SAE 1045
Authors: Hammes Jonas Muller , Ferreira Porto Rosa Ariane , Walker Eduardo
Published: September 2017

Atualmente as organizações do ramo metal mecânico buscam cada vez mais por qualidade e redução de custos no desenvolvimento de seus produtos. O presente trabalho procede na verificação do acabamento superficial e da rugosidade na usinagem de peças mecânicas. Baseando-se nisso, o estudo visa analisar o perfil de superfícies cilíndricas externas usinadas no torneamento utilizando a variação de dois parâmetros de corte: avanço (fn), e profundidade de corte (ap). Para realização experimental deste trabalho utilizou-se um projeto de experimentos, de fatorial completo 2k. Com a análise estatística será possível identificar qual o melhor parâmetro de corte para a usinagem, buscando como resultado a identificação do melhor acabamento e rugosidade superficial do material trabalhado.
Sistema de avaliação de desempenho logístico: proposta para uma rede de suprimentos de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior
Authors: Neto Alberto de Oliveira Cardoso , Neto Francisco Pereira Ferreira , Nunes Denilson Ricardo de Lucena , Melo André Cristiano Silva , Martins Vitor
Published: September 2017

A recente busca por eficiência nas empresas públicas no Brasil foi um dos motivadores da elaboração deste artigo, que teve como objeto de estudo uma Intituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. A IES estudada apresenta  uma estrutura multi-campi e a distribuição de seus itens de consumo é realizada pelo almoxarifado da própria instituição. A partir de uma pesquisa de campo, foi possível observar que o suprimento desses itens apresentava alguns problemas, por exemplo, falta de itens nos estoques  das unidades, pedidos com entrega atrasada, itens no estoque de algumas unidades com validade vencida, etc. Diante disso, este artigo teve o objetivo de propor um sistema de avaliação do serviço logístico na IES estudada, a partir de indicadores de desempenho elaborados mediante a percepção dos gestores quanto à problemática na distribuição de itens de consumo. Além disso, foi proposto um índice, calculado a partir dos indicadores, capaz de expressar o desempenho do serviço logístico da IES estudada, que reflete a percepção dos principais usuários esse serviço.Entende-se que a solução aqui proposta pode ser aplicada em qualquer rede de suprimentos com duas camadas.
Gestão de grandes projetos complexos multi-stakeholders: uma abordagem bibliométrica
Authors: Sacchi Homrich Aline , Saut Ana Maria , Freire Ana Paula Alves , Votto Rodrigo Goulart , Zancul Eduardo de Senzi , Berssaneti Fernando Tobal , Carvalho Marly Monteiro de
Published: September 2017

A crescente importância global dos grandes projetos de infraestrutura tem chamado o interesse de muitos pesquisadores para diversos temas relacionados com a gestão de grandes projetos multi-stakeholders, caracterizados por sua elevada complexidade e intensa interação entre inúmeros agentes com distintos níveis de responsabilidade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo traçar um panorama da literatura acadêmica sobre a gestão destes projetos, descrevendo os principais temas abordados, linhas de pesquisa identificadas e tendências proeminentes. Foram adotadas técnicas de análise bibliométrica, de análise de rede e de análise de conteúdo. As buscas foram realizadas na base científica de dados ISI Web of Knowledge e na base Scopus. A amostra selecionada é composta por 144 artigos publicados entre os anos de 1984 e 2015. Os modelos identificados na literatura convergem para os seguintes processos-chave: sistemas de entrega de projetos; modelos de gestão de riscos; gestão de custos em projetos; e parceria público-privada.
La externalización como estrategia de gestión en los servicios públicos locales
Authors: Salvador Miquel , Riba Clara
Published: September 2017

Resumen A modo de contribución al debate académico sobre el uso de la externalización como fórmula de provisión de los servicios públicos locales, el artículo plantea focalizar la atención en los factores político-institucionales. A partir de la revisión de los principales argumentos presentes en la literatura se plantea su contraste empírico a través de un estudio transversal que comprende todos los municipios de más de 5 mil habitantes de Catalunya, una Comunidad Autónoma española. Se construye una tipología de municipios mediante un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis clúster y se contrasta la existencia de diferencias en el porcentaje de externalización entre tipos de municipios. Los resultados muestran la relevancia de los factores político-institucionales en la selección de la fórmula de prestación de servicios y permiten identificar tres estrategias que plantean la externalización como mecanismo de flexibilidad en la gestión pública.