bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Penyatuan Lembaga Penegak Hukum di Laut Indonesia
Authors: Ridha Andi Muhammad , Heri Mohammad , Setiaji Bayu Tri
Published: July 2024

In its efforts to enforce law at sea, Indonesia has 13 law enforcement agencies at sea. Six of these institutions have maritime patrol task forces. The number of law enforcement agencies in Indonesian seas is considered negative by several parties because of the potential for the authority of each agency to overlap. This research aims to find out what the condition of maritime law enforcement agencies in Indonesia is and what are the considerations for unifying maritime law enforcement agencies in Indonesia. This research is normative research related to maritime law enforcement agencies in Indonesia. There are at least 13 law enforcement agencies in Indonesian seas. The unification of maritime law enforcement agencies in Indonesia is necessary because unclear roles and authority, as well as a lack of coordination between agencies, have resulted in ineffectiveness in law enforcement and maritime security management. Indonesia needs unification of authority to strengthen all security, safety and maritime law enforcement functions in Indonesia
Pemidanaan Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Oleh Suami Terhadap Istri
Authors: Fitriya Wardhany Nyimas Enny
Published: July 2024

Domestic violence, especially that committed by husbands against their wives, is actually not a new thing. However, so far it has always been kept secret or covered up by the family, as well as by the victim himself or the family. Violence that occurs in the household contains something specific or special. The impact of violence experienced by wives can have psychological consequences such as anxiety, moodiness, depression, insecurity, loss of trust in their husbands, self-blame and so on. Physical consequences such as bruises, broken bones, physical disabilities, menstrual disorders, uterine damage, miscarriages, infectious diseases, psychomatic diseases and even death. Therefore, this article aims to analyse the punishment of perpetrators of domestic violence by husbands against wives.
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jambi Nomor: 276/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Jmb Dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Terhadap Anak
Authors: Febriani Sari Indah Rizeki , Sahabuddin S , Gani Ruslan Abdul
Published: July 2024

Children are a gift given by God Almighty, whether a man or a woman. Children are the future successors of the nation who will be the country's main asset to achieve prosperity in the future. Therefore, it is appropriate for children to receive good treatment by being cared for, educated, looked after and protected by the state. However, currently there is still a lot of violence against children, especially in the form of sexual violence. The objectives of the research are 1.) To find out and analyze how the judge considered in deciding case Number 276/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Jmb., 2.) To find out and analyze the judge's decision in case Number 276/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Jmb. has fulfilled the sense of justice or not
Implementasi Pelaksanaan Pasal 3 dan Pasal 8 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 10 Tahun 1983 Jo Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 45 Tahun 1990 Bagi PNS yang Bercerai di Kabupaten Tebo
Authors: Sari Indah , Suzanalisa Suzanalisa , Zachman Nuraini
Published: July 2024

The solution to major problems between husband and wife in disharmonious households is to divorce, including the household of a Civil Servant. This also happens in the Tebo Regency Civil Servant environment. The implementation of Civil Servant Percerana in Tebo Regency refers to Government Regulation Number 10 of 1983 in conjunction with Government Regulation Number 45 of 1990, so this paper aims to conduct a study of the Implementation of Article 3 and Article 8 of Government Regulation Number 10 of 1983 in conjunction with Government Regulation Number 45 1990 for civil servants who divorced in Tebo Regency.
Analisis Putusan Nomor 02/Pid.Sus Anak/2022/PN Crp Tentang Tindak Pidana Narkotika Pada Anak
Authors: Rizki Rizki , Sembiring Aldho Epranta , Jerry Joyceline , Jerry Enrico Houston
Published: July 2024

Legal infractions pertaining to children in our day of modernity, include instances where children are the offenders, witnesses, or victims of the law. The criminal law pertaining to drugs is one of the laws that is most frequently broken. The author of this study employs a normative juridical approach technique, first doing literature research before examining and evaluating how legal norms—which ought to be applied in conformity with legal rules—are applied. As mentioned in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, which governs criminal penalties to act as a disincentive to those who misuse and trade in illegal narcotics and their precursors. Observing and analyzing the law as well as theoretical issues pertaining to legal principles, legal history, and legal comparisons that address the application of the law against minors who commit drug-related crimes and legal considerations surrounding decision Number 00/Pid. Sus-anak/2022/PN Crp regarding drug-related crimes against minors are the methods used in the normative juridical approach. The Curup District Court's ruling in case number 00/Pid.Sus Anak/2022/PN/Crp, which dealt with drug misuse in children, was the subject of the author's investigation in this study.
Kekuatan Hukum Surat Assesment BNNP Sebagai Rekomendasi Bagi Hakim Untuk Memutus Pelaksanaan Rehabilitasi Terhadap Penyalaguna Narkotika di Kota Jambi
Authors: Putri Septia Intan , Sahabuddin S , Nggeboe Ferdricka
Published: July 2024

It is known that the assessment is an assessment action to determine the resident's condition due to drug abuse which includes medical and social aspects. The assessment is carried out by means of interviews, observations and physical and mental examination of the suspect by investigators. So that investigators can determine whether the suspect has the right to receive an assessment application. However, even though narcotics abusers have received an assessment letter to undergo rehabilitation, several drug abusers have not had their assessment applications approved by the judge. The purpose of writing is to find out and analyze the legal strength of the BNNP assessment letter as a recommendation for judges to decide on the implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics abusers in Jambi City. In this research the author uses an empirical juridical research method, namely "research in the form of field studies starting from primary data to find theories regarding the process of occurrence and the process of how the law works. Meanwhile, the empirical approach (law as social, cultural or das sein reality), because in this research primary data obtained from the field is used. Data obtained from interviews and direct observation
Surface Anisotropy on 3D Printed Parts
Authors: Ficzere Peter
Published: July 2024

It is well known that the surface quality obtained in additive manufacturing processes is highly variable. There are several reasons for this, of which the most prominent is the staircase effect, which results from the fact that 3D printing can be actually considered as a 2.5 machining process, as we build the part layer by layer. However, this staircase effect can be very different on surfaces that are arranged in different ways. By measuring the values that characterise the surfaces (Ra, Rz), however, we can observe that they are direction dependent, i.e. it does not matter how we measure them. This phenomenon is called surface anisotropy. It is clear that the surface roughness also has an effect on the tribological behaviour. In the case of a component where it is in contact with another component and relative displacement occurs between them, frictional properties may play a prominent role, which may thus also become direction dependent. Surface roughness also has a clear effect on fatigue properties. Consequently, for parts undergoing periodic dynamic stresses, it may be important to choose the right manufacturing orientation. The present study aims to demonstrate the extent of variation in surface roughness on different surfaces of a part produced by FDM. For this purpose, surface quality factors are investigated and evaluated on a self-designed model produced with given manufacturing parameters.
Comparative epidemiological study of the spread of African swine fever in Ukraine and some Eastern European countries
Authors: Savcheniuk M. , Shubara O. , Shevchenko M. , Panteleienko O. , Ukhovskyi V. , Kornienko L. , Bilyk S. , Dovgal O. , Tsarenko T.
Published: July 2024

African swine fever is one of the most serious threats to the world pig industry due to high infectivity and mortality rates among pigs. To date, no effective means of active prevention of the infection have been developed. The only effective method of control is passive monitoring of the spread of the pathogen among the population of domestic and wild pigs, detection of infected animals and their depopulation. The study analyzes the spread of African swine fever in Ukraine from 2012 to 2024 and compares it with the countries that share a common border – Poland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Moldova. In Ukraine, the first outbreaks were recorded in 2012 in Zaporizhzhia region among domestic pigs. In total, 619 outbreaks were detected during the study period: 482 among domestic pigs and 137 among wild pigs. The largest number of outbreaks was recorded in Odesa (64), Poltava (54), Mykolaiv (52) and Kyiv (46) regions. In Eastern European countries, African swine fever was detected later: in Poland – since 2014 (1304 among domestic and 17871 among wild pigs), Romania – since 2017 (6729 and 3649, respectively), Hungary and Slovakia – since 2018 (0 and 7875; 72 and 3645). In Moldova, the first outbreak was in 2020 (39 among domestic and 45 among wild pigs). The highest total number of outbreaks was recorded in Poland (19175), mainly among wild boars (93.2%). In Hungary, all detected cases involved wild animals. The analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in the number of African swine fever outbreaks between the analyzed countries. There is also a difference in the number of outbreaks within the analyzed time period. If we analyze the number of cases since 2018, there is no statistically significant difference. Prevention and control of African swine fever are complicated by the circulation of the pathogen among wild boars, non-compliance with biosecurity measures by owners of small pig farms and the movement of infected animals. Comprehensive monitoring with early detection of outbreaks and timely destruction of infected animals plays a key role.
Key words: pigs, African swine fever, spread, viruses, epizootic analysis, epizootic situation.
Meat productivity of quail of the Pharaoh breed after drinking a biotechnologicum supplementum (Suspension of Chlorella sorokiniana)
Authors: Grishko V. , Zotsenko V. , Ostrovskyi D.
Published: July 2024

Currently, the use of microalgae as feed additives is gaining more and more popularity in the poultry industry. Microalgae are rich in bioactive metabolites that have demonstrated powerful antioxidant, antiinﬂammatory, and antiviral properties. Adding a small amount of such an additive to traditional feed has a positive effect on the health and well-being of birds, as well as the quality and quantity of products. The results of the study of meat productivity of quail of the Pharaoh breed after drinking Chlorella sorokiniana suspension are given. The research was conducted on quails during the period of cultivation from 1 to 60 days. To conduct the experiment, two groups (control and experimental) of 30 heads each were formed from day-old birds. Quails were kept in vivarium conditions, in battery cages in compliance with established microclimate requirements. Poultry of both groups received combined feed, developed taking into account age and physiological characteristics. With drinking water, the birds of the experimental group received a chlorella suspension for 60 days. Counting of the quail population and their weighing was carried out weekly, starting from day-old age. The following indicators were determined: preservation, dynamics of live weight, average daily growth of live weight. Based on the results of the control slaughter, the weight of the carcass and the weight of the edible part were determined. Slaughter qualities and morphological composition of quail carcasses were determined by anatomical dissection with determination of the following parameters: pre-slaughter weight, weight of semi-carcasses, carcases of carcases, slaughter yield, weight of edible parts. Drinking chlorella suspension of young quails increased their preservation by 3,83 %, live weight, and absolute growth by 21,0 and 0,57 g (Р<0,05), respectively. Addition of Chlorella sorokiniana suspension to drinking water of quails contributed to an increase in their pre-slaughter weight by 20,0 g, and their weight by 21,0 g compared to the control group. Quail carcasses of the research group were characterized by a higher yield of edible parts compared to birds that consumed clean water.
Key words: biotechnology, Chlorella sorokiniana suspension, biotechnological parameters, cultivation, photobioreactor, quails of the Pharaoh breed, body weight, growth, slaughter parameters, weight of carcass, weight of internal organs, output of edible parts.
Xenoestrogens of anthropogenic origin in food products and their impact on human health
Authors: Dyman T.
Published: July 2024

The anthropogenic impact on the biosphere has now acquired a global character, resulting in a massive inﬂux of industrial, agricultural, and household waste into the environment. Numerous chemical, physical and biological substances present in the environment have a harmful effect on human health. Among them, a special group is formed by hormonally active xenobiotics – xenoestrogens. They are not produced by the body, but are structurally or functionally related to the human sex hormone 17β-estradiol, and bind to estrogen receptors with varying degrees of afnity and selectivity. The article summarizes and analyzes the available literature data on the most common synthetic xenoestrogens that can be present in foodstuff and have a negative impact on human health. In particular, such groups of substances as hormonal drugs, phenols, phthalates, pesticides, dioxins and dioxin-like substances, parabens, toxic metals are described. The presented evidence of the negative impact of synthetic xenoestrogens on human health requires more large-scale and clinically signifcant studies to determine the impact of chemical substances on the organs and systems of the human body, as well as generalization of the received evidence. Understanding the sources and extent of the impact of various xenobiotics on the environment and human health is essential for the development of comprehensive preventive measures.
Key words: anthropogenic impact, xenoestrogens, toxicants, foodstuff, endocrine disorders.
Use of ISSR markers for genotyping an experimental group of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (LACEPEDE, 1802), reared in ponds of Polissia of Ukraine
Authors: Mariutsa А. , Borysenko N. , Gushchin V. , Grytsynyak I.
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic structure of the experimental group of largemouth bass reared in the ponds of Polissia of Ukraine using ISSR markers. To accomplish these tasks, ISSR genotyping of the genetic structure of largemouth bass was performed using four fragments of trinucleotide loci. The genetic structure of the experimental group of largemouth bass of the pond fsh farm "Nyvka" was characterised using 4 primers B – (GAG)6C; C – (AGC)6G; D – (ACC)6G and E – (AGC)6C. Fins fragments were used for the study. In the course of the work, the optimal conditions for ISSR-PCR analysis were selected. The study revealed a number of factors that affect the efciency of these markers: DNA concentration, number of amplifcation cycles. For 4 markers, 80 alleles with a molecular weight of 160–1320 bp were identifed. The ranges of amplicons for the selected markers were determined: marker B – from 150 to 1186 bp; marker C – from 640 to 200 bp; D – from 1320 to 225 bp; and E – within 630–160 bp. The most polymorphic marker is marker B – 26 alleles, the least polymorphic marker is marker E – 15 alleles. In the studied experimental group of largemouth bass, the eﬀective number of alleles varied from 10.2 for marker E to 12.2 for marker C, D. The indicators of genetic variability were determined by calculating allelic frequencies, the maximum level of available heterozygosity is 0.918 for marker C, D, and the lowest for marker E is up to 0.902. A method has been proposed that makes it possible to analyse the genetic structure of the experimental group of largemouth bass using these primers and to implement genetic information at different stages of the selection process.
Keywords: ISSR-PCR, genetic structure, largemouth bass, DNA– markers, genotype, amplicons, genetic polymorphism, molecular genetic marker.
Evaluation of growth performance and litter size of four different crossbred sheep in Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute
Authors: Afrin S , Desha N H , Rahman M Z , Sumon M R A , Debnath S
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the litter size and growth performance of four distinct crossbred sheep at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI). Data were obtained on 160 crossbred sheep of Dorper, Perendale, Suffolk, and Damara raised on BLRI sheep research farm, Savar, Dhaka, from January 2021 to June 2022. The effects of genotype, sex, and season on birth weight (Bwt), 3 months body weight (Bwt3m), 6 months body weight (Bwt6m), 12 months body weight (Bwt12m), average daily gain from birth to 3 month (ADG3m), 3 to 6 month (ADG6m), and 6 to 12 month (ADG12m) of ages and litter size (LS) of doe were investigated. All the data in this study were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 computer program and the significance differences among the mean values were ascertained using Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). The effect of genotype on Bwt6m was found highly significant p<0.01). Genotype had also a significant (p<0.05) effect on Bwt3m, ADG3m, and ADG6m. The effect of season was found to be insignificant (p>0.05) except for Bwt3m and ADG3m ((p<0.05). Among the four crossbred genotypes, the highest litter size was found in Damara crossbreds (1.44±0.07) while, the highest birth weight was found in Dorper crossbreds (2.09±0.05 kg), and the highest body weight at 12 months of ages was found in Suffolk crossbreds (20.58±1.33 kg). The growth performance and litter size of BLRI developed four different crossbred sheep may be improved by proper breeding, nutrition, health, and other management.
Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 28 (1&2), 2021: P. 42-49
Estrus synchronization of native buffaloes using PGF2α and GnRH based protocols in Bangladesh
Authors: Pasha M M H , Moniruzzaman M , Islam M N , Alam M H , Das S K
Published: July 2024

The inherent low reproductive efficiency of buffalo results in lower productivity. In buffalo overt signs of estrus are not as pronounced as in cattle, which hinders the reproductive efficiency of this species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of GnRH and PGF2α-based estrus synchronization procedures in native buffaloes. About 16 indigenous buffaloes were equally grouped into two and treated with GnRH and PGF2α. In the GnRH-based treatment group of eight (8) buffaloes, the 1st 5ml GnRH injection was administrated initially (Day 15). Nine (09) days after the administration of the 1st GnRH injection, 5ml PGF2α was injected (Day 6) which was followed by the 2nd 5ml GnRH injection two (02) days after PGF2α administration (Day 4). In the case of PGF2α treated group, an initial injection of 5ml PGF2α was administrated to initiate the synchronization process (Day 15) which was followed by the 2nd injection of 5ml of PGF2α 12 days after the administration of 1st PGF2α injection (Day 4). In the GnRH-based treatment group, all buffalo cows (n=8) were inseminated artificially 16 hours after the last GnRH administration. In the PGF2α treated group, buffaloes (n=8) were inseminated artificially 90 hours after the last PGF2α administration. Visual monitoring of estrus signs and rectal examination during AI were used to determine the estrus response rate. All buffaloes were examined rectally for confirmation of pregnancy at 60 days post-insemination. Non-significant differences (p>0.05) were found between GnRH and PGF2α treated group in terms of responses of estrus synchronization (75% vs. 62.5%) and conception rate (37.5% vs. 25%) respectively. In conclusion, both the GnRH and PGF2α based protocols could be used to synchronize the estrus of indigenous buffaloes in Bangladesh.
Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 28 (1&2), 2021: P. 50-60
Noise sensitivity and its associated factors among the students of Rajshahi City in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sarker Pramath Chandra , Ullah Md. Nayamat , Morshed Fahim , Sultana Sabina , Siddique Md. Nur-E-Alam
Published: July 2024

Background: Noise pollution is an important environmental problem with far-reaching and unavoidable consequences. The present study aimed to identify noise sensitivity and its associated factors among students of Rajshahi City. 
Methods: A total of 473 respondents were selected conveniently from five educational institutions in Rajshahi City. Among them, 273 were women, and 200 were men aged 18 to 28 (mean, 22.9). The Bangla version of the Noise Sensitivity Scale was administered to measure the participants' noise sensitivity level.
Results: Noise sensitivity varied significantly with sleep duration, anger toward noise polluters, level of noise annoyance, and the avoidance of noise-polluted roads (using alternative roads) among the respondents. There was no significant effect of sex or residence in a noise-polluted area on noise sensitivity. The results also indicate that anger at polluters and noise annoyance strongly influence noise sensitivity.
Conclusion: Noise sensitivity affects many aspects of human life. These findings will assist policymakers, and urban planners mitigate the harmful effects of noise sensitivity on human health.
Outcome of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) with Cage and Bone Graft in The Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis
Authors: Alam Md Mahabub , Alam Md Shah , Akon Md Shahidul Islam , Molla Tajuddin , Islam Syed Ariful
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is a reliable treatment option for patients with Lumbar canal stenosis & spondylolisthesis; providing spinal stabilization in a balanced alignment with the disc space height restored and with the neural elements being decompressed mechanically. The titanium cages provided immediate stability to spinal levels, restoration of the disc space and neuro-foraminal area, and an increased surface area leading to successful fusion. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at DMCH, Dhaka within the defined period. All the data were compiled and sorted properly and the quantitative data was analyzed statistically by using Statistical Package for Social Science. The results were expressed as percentage and mean ± SD and p<0.05 was considered as the level of significant. Result: Mean age of the study population was 51.32±8.29 with a female: male ratio 1.6 :1 where maximum patient was housewife (57.14%). 60.72% patients had only single level involvement while 39.28% patients had multi-level involvement. Mean VAS score reduced significantly at final follow-up (6.55±0.66 to 2.29±0.46 for back pain and 6.59±0.65 to 1.21±0.42 for leg pain. Mean ODI score decreased significantly from 56.71±3.09 to 15.82±3.46 at final follow-up. Radiologically Grade-I fusion achieved in 89.28% cases. Overall functional outcome was excellent (89.29%) & good (7.14%) according to Modified Macnab criteria. Conclusion: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with cage and bone graft in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis provides excellent neurological and functional outcome and fusion rate at final follow-up.
Medicine Today 2024, Vol.36 (2): 72-75
Comparison the Results of Humerus Shaft Fractures Treated by Functional Bracing versus Dynamic Compression Plate
Authors: Ariful Islam Syed , Kumar Das Chandan , Abedin Md Jainal , Alam Md Mahabub , Chakrobortty Partho Protim , Barua Shaon
Published: July 2024

Introduction with Objective: To compare the results of humerus shaft fractures treated by functional bracing and dynamic compression plate. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram from August 2019 to July 2021. All adult patients of closed diaphyseal fracture of humerus attending the Orthopaedics department, Chittagong Medical College Hospital during study period were the study population. Purposive sampling was done according to availability of the patients. Cases were divided in two groups; group A (dynamic compression plate) and group B (functional bracing). All the data were compiled and sorted properly and the quantitative data was analyzed statistically by using Statistical Package for Social Science. The results were expressed as percentage and mean ± SD and p<0.05 was considered as the level of significant. Result: Average mean ± SD age was 40.22 ± 12.451 (range: 19-65) years. The mean age was 37.24 ± 10.686 in plating group and 43.20 ± 13.559 in bracing group. Out of 50 patients, 30 (60%) were male and 20 (40%) were female. Male was predominant in both groups (P=0.564). Regarding time taken for radiological union, average mean ± SD time was 15.32 ± 2.613 (range: 12-22) weeks. The mean time for radiological union was 14.91 ± 2.712 weeks in plating group and 15.76 ± 2.488 weeks in bracing group. Regarding ROM of shoulder & elbow, there was statistically nonsignificant difference found between the groups except shoulder flexion (P= 0.031s), abduction(P=0.025s) & extension(P=0.041s) more on plating group. QUICK-DASH score at 3 month shows highly significant difference between the study groups (p=0.001). At 6 and 12 month significant difference was found between the groups. Out of 44 patients at 12 months follow-up, 19 (43.2%) patient’s functional outcome was excellent and 10 (22.7%) patient’s functional outcome was good. Statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p=0.022). Conclusion: This study observed that functional outcome was relatively better in patients treated by dynamic compression plate in adult diaphyseal fracture of humerus.
Medicine Today 2024, Vol.36 (2): 82-86
Analysis of Internal Factors Affecting Tax Avoidance in the 4.0 Era in Digital Technology Sector
Authors: Mustika Maya , Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Indira Ananda Fasya
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze internal factors that influence tax avoidance in the annual financial reports of digital technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 research period in the economy 4.0 era. The independent variables in this study are profitability, fixed asset intensity, and leverage. The approach used in this study is a secondary data quantitative approach. The population of the study was 73 digital technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2022 research period, and the sample was taken using the purposive sampling method with a total of 25 companies so that the number of observations in the study was 125 observation data. The data analysis technique uses panel data regression analysis using statistical calculations. The results of the research analysis prove that profitability and leverage have a partial and positive and negative influence on tax avoidance. In contrast, fixed asset intensity does not have a partial and negative influence on tax avoidance. The managerial implications are that the implementation of digital technology can help create a more transparent and accountable system, and the use of data-based audit technology can detect anomalies and potential tax avoidance earlier.
Perancangan Keputusan Cut Off Baterai ROV menggunakan Metode Decision Tree
Authors: Zhafirah Talitha Amalia , Agus Khumaidi  , Zindhu Maulana Ahmad Putra  , Dwi Sasmita Aji Pambudi  , Ryan Yudha Adhitya  , Didik Sukoco
Published: July 2024

Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, teknologi transportasi bawah air telah berkembang pesat, ditandai dengan munculnya berbagai jenis kendaraan bawah air yang semakin canggih, termasuk Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV).  ROV menggunakan baterai sebagai sumber energi karena sifatnya yang portabel dan efisien. Baterai ROV memerlukan sistem proteksi bayerai yang efisien untuk mencegah kerusakan serta memperpanjang masa pakai baterai. Dengan ini, metode decision tree diterapkan dalam perancangan keputusan cut off baterai ROV. Pengambilan keputusan ditentukan oleh nilai arus dan tegangan yang dibaca oleh sensor INA219. Dalan decision tree, nilai gain terbesar dijadikan node utama atau root node. Dalam penelitian ini nilai gain yang diperoleh sama besar akibat dataset yang seimbang, data pertama dipilih sebagai root node berdasarkan prinsip Occam's Razor untuk kesederhanaan. Sehingga nilai dari sensor 1 akan dijadikan node utama atau root node. Perancangan keputusan cut off baterai ROV menggunakan metode decision tree  memberikan hasil yang efektif dan efisien dalam pengendalian daya baterai ROV
Modulation of arterial intima stiffness by disturbed blood flow
Authors: Bywaters Briana C. , Trache Andreea , Rivera Gonzalo M.
Published: July 2024

The intima, comprising the endothelium and the subendothelial matrix, plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. The mechanical stress arising from disturbed blood flow (d-flow) and the stiffening of the arterial wall contributes to endothelial dysfunction. However, the specific impacts of these physical forces on the mechanical environment of the intima remain undetermined. Here, we investigated whether inhibiting collagen crosslinking could ameliorate the detrimental effects of persistent d-flow on the mechanical properties of the intima. Partial ligation of the left carotid artery (LCA) was performed in C57BL/6J mice, inducing d-flow. The right carotid artery (RCA) served as an internal control. Carotids were collected 2 days and 2 weeks after surgery to study acute and chronic effects of d-flow on the mechanical phenotype of the intima. The chronic effects of d-flow were decoupled from the ensuing arterial wall stiffening by administration of β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), an inhibitor of collagen crosslinking by lysyl oxidase (LOX) enzymes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine stiffness of the endothelium and the denuded subendothelial matrix in en face carotid preparations. The stiffness of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) cultured on soft and stiff hydrogels was also determined. Acute exposure to d-flow caused a slight decrease in endothelial stiffness in male mice but had no effect on the stiffness of the subendothelial matrix in either sex. Regardless of sex, the intact endothelium was softer than the subendothelial matrix. In contrast, exposure to chronic d-flow led to a substantial increase in the endothelial and subendothelial stiffness in both sexes. The effects of chronic d-flow were largely prevented by concurrent BAPN administration. In addition, HAEC displayed reduced stiffness when cultured on soft vs. stiff hydrogels. We conclude that chronic d-flow results in marked stiffening of the arterial intima, which can be effectively prevented by inhibition of collagen crosslinking.
Development of polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber scaffolds loaded with flaxseed extract for bone regeneration: phytochemicals, cell proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic gene expression
Authors: Abdelaziz Ahmed G. , Nageh Hassan , Abdalla Mohga S. , Abdo Sara M. , Amer Asmaa A. , Loutfy Samah A. , Abdel Fattah Nasra F. , Alsalme Ali , Cornu David , Bechelany Mikhael , Barhoum Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Bone tissue engineering seeks innovative materials that support cell growth and regeneration. Electrospun nanofibers, with their high surface area and tunable properties, serve as promising scaffolds. This study explores the incorporation of flaxseed extract, rich in polyphenolic compounds, into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers to improve their application in bone tissue engineering.

Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identified ten key compounds in flaxseed extract, including polyphenolic acids and flavonoids. PVA nanofibers were fabricated with 30 wt.% flaxseed extract (P70/E30) via electrospinning. We optimized characteristics like diameter, hydrophilicity, swelling behavior, and hydrolytic degradation. MG-63 osteoblast cultures were used to assess scaffold efficacy through cell adhesion, proliferation, viability (MTT assay), and differentiation. RT-qPCR measured expression of osteogenic genes RUNX2, COL1A1, and OCN.

Results: Flaxseed extract increased nanofiber diameter from 252 nm (pure PVA) to 435 nm (P70/E30). P70/E30 nanofibers showed higher cell viability (102.6% vs. 74.5% for pure PVA), although adhesion decreased (151 vs. 206 cells/section). Notably, P70/E30 enhanced osteoblast differentiation, significantly upregulating RUNX2, COL1A1, and OCN genes.

Discussion: Flaxseed extract incorporation into PVA nanofibers enhances bone tissue engineering by boosting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, despite reduced adhesion. These properties suggest P70/E30’s potential for regenerative medicine, emphasizing scaffold optimization for biomedical applications.
Multiscale Functional Connectivity analysis of episodic memory reconstruction
Authors: Morante Manuel , Frølich Kristian , Shahzaib Muhammad , Shakil Sadia , Rehman Naveed ur
Published: July 2024

Our ability to share memories constitutes a social foundation of our world. When exposed to another person's memory, individuals can mentally reconstruct the events described, even if they were not present during the related events. However, the extent to which the neuronal connectivity patterns elicited by the mental reconstruction of an event mirror those present in the brains of individuals who experienced the original event remains unclear. Through two independent fMRI experiments, we explore the Functional Connectivity (FC) patterns at different timescales associated with these cognitive processes using the innovative Multiscale Functional Connectivity (MFC) technique. This study aims to shed light on how our brains construct mental representations of scenes in a movie compared to the verbal transmission of the same scenes. Our results demonstrated that the Default Mode Network (DMN) plays a crucial role in these experiments and exhibits unique FC patterns across different timescales, yet remarkably consistent among participants. In addition, we found significant connectivity patterns within the temporal cortex, including significant contributions of the temporal pole and the fusiform gyrus, which exhibited a pivotal role in cooperation with the DMN in both experiments.
Direct comparison of whole heart quantifications between different retrospective and prospective gated 4D flow CMR acquisitions
Authors: Fischer Kady , Grob Leonard , Setz Louis , Jung Bernd , Neuenschwander Mario D. , Utz Christoph D. , von Tengg-Kobligk Hendrik , Huber Adrian T. , Friess Jan O. , Guensch Dominik P.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a versatile technique to non-invasively assess cardiovascular hemodynamics. With developing technology, choice in sequences and acquisition parameters is expanding and it is important to assess if data acquired with these different variants can be directly compared, especially when combining datasets within research studies. For example, sequences may allow a choice in gating techniques or be limited to one method, yet there is not a direct comparison investigating how gating selection impacts quantifications of the great vessels, semilunar and atrioventricular valves and ventricles. Thus, this study investigated if quantifications across the heart from contemporary 4D flow sequences are comparable between two commonly used 4D flow sequences reliant on different ECG gating techniques.

Methods

Forty participants (33 healthy controls, seven patients with coronary artery disease and abnormal diastolic function) were prospectively recruited into a single-centre observational study to undergo a 3T-CMR exam. Two acquisitions, a k-t GRAPPA 4D flow with prospective gating (4Dprosp) and a modern compressed sensing 4D flow with retrospective gating (4Dretro), were acquired in each participant. Images were analyzed for volumes, flow rates and velocities in the vessels and four valves, and for biventricular kinetic energy and flow components. Data was compared for group differences with paired t-tests and for agreement with Bland-Altman and intraclass correlation (ICC).

Results

Measurements primarily occurring during systole of the great vessels, semilunar valves and both left and right ventricles did not differ between acquisition types (p > 0.05 from t-test) and yielded good to excellent agreement (ICC: 0.75–0.99). Similar findings were observed for the majority of parameters dependent on early diastole. However, measurements occurring in late diastole or those reliant on the entire-cardiac cycle such as flow component volumes along with diastolic kinetic energy values were not similar between 4Dprosp and 4Dretro acquisitions resulting in poor agreement (ICC < 0.50).

Discussion

Direct comparison of measurements between two different 4D flow acquisitions reliant on different gating methods demonstrated systolic and early diastolic markers across the heart should be compatible when comparing these two 4D flow sequences. On the other hand, late diastolic and intraventricular parameters should be compared with caution.
Text classification for distribution substation inspection based on BERT-TextRCNN model
Authors: Jiangang Lu , Ruifeng Zhao , Zhiwen Yu , Yue Dai , Jiawei Shu , Ting Yang
Published: July 2024

With the advancement of source-load interaction in the new power systems, data-driven approaches have provided a foundational support for aggregating and interacting between sources and loads. However, with the widespread integration of distributed energy resources, fine-grained perception of intelligent sensing devices, and the inherent stochasticity of source-load dynamics, a massive amount of raw data is being recorded and accumulated in the data center. Valuable information is often dispersed across different paragraphs of the raw data, making it challenging to extract effectively. Distribution substation inspection plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe operation of the power system. Traditional methods for inspection report text classification typically rely on manual judgment and accumulated experience, resulting in low efficiency and a significant misjudgment rate. Therefore, this paper proposes a text classification method for inspection reports based on the pre-trained BERT-TextRCNN model. By utilizing the dense connection between the BERT embedding layer and the neural network, the proposed method improves the accuracy of matching long texts. This article collected 2,831 maintenance data for the first quarter of 2023 from the distribution room, including approximately 58 environmental testing data, 738 environmental box testing data, approximately 672 distribution room testing data, and approximately 1,363 box type substation testing data. A text corpus was constructed for experiments. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model automatically classifies a large volume of manually recorded inspection report data based on time, location, and faults, achieving a classification accuracy of 94.7%, precision of 92%, recall of 92%, and F1 score of 90.3%.
Characteristics of urban milkweed gardens that influence monarch butterfly egg abundance
Authors: Klinger Karen R. , Hasle Aster F. , Oberhauser Karen S.
Published: July 2024

The eastern population of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) has dramatically declined in the last few decades, which is largely attributed to a loss of milkweed habitat in agricultural areas. Residential land in metropolitan areas has the potential to provide a significant source of the milkweed needed to support the monarch population. To examine if and how urban milkweed patches can support monarch butterflies, we worked with community scientists in the Chicago metropolitan area to monitor monarch eggs and caterpillars in yards and community gardens. We hypothesized that the largest numbers of eggs (i.e. gardens that were most attractive to monarchs) would be observed in patches that were older, had a high abundance of milkweed, contained more than one species of milkweed including Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) and/or A. incarnata (swamp milkweed), and had a large diversity of nectar plants. All patches were assessed at their peak egg count each year, which ranged from zero to 170 eggs in a given observation. To determine which characteristics were most influential to egg presence, we examined patches where eggs were present or absent during this peak observation. For abundance, we divided these peak observations into whether or not the egg counts were in the top 20% in a given year, excluding patches where eggs were absent, and assessed their patch characteristics. Our results show that patch age and presence of A. syriaca affected whether patches contained eggs or not. We also found that patches with the largest number of eggs observed tended to have A. syriaca, more milkweed plants, and a higher diversity of blooming plant species. The data we collected from community scientists in the Chicago area has enhanced our understanding of how urban gardeners can create effective breeding habitats for monarch butterflies. By planting Asclepias syriaca within its natural range, along with other native milkweed species and a diverse selection of flowering plants, individuals can create gardens that serve as excellent habitats for monarchs and other pollinators.
Exploring galectin-3’s role in predicting mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes and its regulation by miRNAs
Authors: Zhou Xueling , Dai Ning , Yu Dandan , Niu Tong , Wang Shaohua
Published: July 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the role of galectin-3 (Gal-3; coded by LGALS3 gene), as a biomarker for MCI in T2DM patients and to develop and validate a predictive nomogram integrating galectin-3 with clinical risk factors for MCI prediction. Additionally, microRNA regulation of LGALS3 was explored.

Methods

The study employed a cross-sectional design. A total of 329 hospitalized T2DM patients were recruited and randomly allocated into a training cohort (n = 231) and a validation cohort (n = 98) using 7:3 ratio. Demographic data and neuropsychological assessments were recorded for all participants. Plasma levels of galectin-3 were measured using ELISA assay. We employed Spearman’s correlation and multivariable linear regression to analyze the relationship between galectin-3 levels and cognitive performance. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for MCI in T2DM patients. Based on these analyses, a predictive nomogram incorporating galectin-3 and clinical predictors was developed. The model’s performance was evaluated in terms of discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. Regulatory miRNAs were identified using bioinformatics and their interactions with LGALS3 were confirmed through qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays.

Results

Galectin-3 was identified as an independent risk factor for MCI, with significant correlations to cognitive decline in T2DM patients. The developed nomogram, incorporating Gal-3, age, and education levels, demonstrated excellent predictive performance with an AUC of 0.813 in the training cohort and 0.775 in the validation cohort. The model outperformed the baseline galectin-3 model and showed a higher net benefit in clinical decision-making. Hsa-miR-128-3p was significantly downregulated in MCI patients, correlating with increased Gal-3 levels, while Luciferase assays confirmed miR-128-3p’s specific binding and influence on LGALS3.

Conclusion

Our findings emphasize the utility of Gal-3 as a viable biomarker for early detection of MCI in T2DM patients. The validated nomogram offers a practical tool for clinical decision-making, facilitating early interventions to potentially delay the progression of cognitive impairment. Additionally, further research on miRNA128’s regulation of Gal-3 levels is essential to substantiate our results.
Assessing the causal effects of Eubacterium and Rumphococcus on constipation: a Mendelian randomized study
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Chen Jiang , He Feng , Du Wenchun , Yu Xianhao
Published: July 2024

Background

Constipation is affected by a number of risk variables, including cardiovascular disease and growth factors. However, the impacts of gut flora on constipation incidence has not been shown. This work, Single-Variable Mendelian Randomization (SVMR) was utilized to estimate the causal relationship between the Eubacterium genus or Rumphococcus, and constipation.

Methods

Data for constipation, Eubacterium genus and Rumphococcus were taken from the Integrated Epidemiology Unit (IEU) open GWAS database. Including 218,792 constipation samples, and there were 16,380,466 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for constipation. The ids of Eubacterium genus and Rumphococcus were sourced from MiBioGen database. The sample count for the Eubacterium genus was 17,380, with 656 SNPs. In addition, the sample size for Rumphococcus was 15,339, with 545 SNPs. The SVMR was performed to assess the risk of Eubacterium genus and Rumphococcus in constipation using weighted median, MR Egger, simple mode, inverse variance weighted (IVW), and weighted mode. Finally, we did a sensitivity analysis that included a heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and Leave-One-Out (LOO) test to examine the viability of the MR data.

Results

The SVMR revealed that the Eubacterium genus and Rumphococcus were causally connected to constipation, with Rumphococcus (P = 0.042, OR = 1.074) as a hazardous factor and Eubacterium genus (P = 0.004, OR = 0.909) as a safety factor. Sensitivity tests then revealed the absence of variability between the constipation and the exposure factors (Eubacterium genus and Rumphococcus). Additionally, there were no other confounding factors and the examined SNPs could only influence constipation through the aforementioned exposure factors, respectively. As a result, the MR results were fairly robust.

Conclusion

Our investigation verified the causal links between the Eubacterium genus or Rumphococcus, and constipation, with greater Rumphococcus expression increasing the likelihood of constipation and the opposite being true for the Eubacterium genus.