bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of importance of medial cortex in distal femur comminuted fracture
Authors: Kalariya Mayur K. , Patel Ankit R. , Lathiya Dhruvik K.
Published: June 2022

Background: Distal femur fractures require high energy trauma by means of road traffic accidents. There are various modalities of fixation, involving plating, external fixator and intramedullary nailing. cause of nonunion like smoking, osteoporosis, early weight bearing, improper construction of fixation, improper reduction.

Methods: The study was conducted on 20 patients having distal femur fractures operated previously by using a different modality of implant goes in failure like bending of implant, broken of implant, peri implant fracture after second episode of trauma. Patient was preoperatively assessing for rule out occult low grade infection by blood investigation like ESR and CRP. Previous X-ray review to find cause of nonunion.

Results: All patients showed a complete union at the fracture site with an average duration of 4-6 months. There was no complaint of infection, joint stiffness or difficulty in weight bearing after treatment with revision fixation and bone grafting. Patients were able to walk without affecting their daily activity of living.  

Conclusions: Comminuted medial cortex left unfixed or maligned will go into varus collapse and leads to failure of fixation.
A cross-sectional survey of Indian orthopaedicians to understand the place in therapy for the latest soft gel formulation of etoricoxib
Authors: Karvir Sagar , Jadhwar Sameer S. , Mehta Kapil Dev
Published: June 2022

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed for arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), low back pain (LBP) and other musculoskeletal disorders. Novel formulations such as soft gel formulations are being introduced for NSAIDs in place of the traditional tablet formulation. The objective of this study was to quantify orthopaedicians insights for the recently available soft gel formulation of Etoricoxib.

Methods: The questions for the survey instrument (Google forms) were developed by researchers upon review of scientific literature and subsequent discussions with practicing orthopaedicians. This was a cross-sectional digital survey involving 506 orthopaedicians across India via online responses collated via Google forms.

Results: 81.4% doctors agreed that etoricoxib soft gel capsules are faster acting than the tablet formulation, whereas 89.6% of the doctors agree/strongly agreed that etoricoxib soft gel capsules would have better compliance because of its bitter taste masking ability. More than 96% doctors acknowledged that etoricoxib soft gel capsule’s characteristics such as higher drug dissolution and absorption would benefit their patients more than the etoricoxib tablet formulation.

Conclusions: Given its advantages, the etoricoxib soft gel formulation, in the days to come, could be one of the preferred options for the management of pain and other arthritic conditions for patients in India.
Titanium elastic nail for infected humerus fracture with wrist drop: a rare case report
Authors: Mahajan Neetin Prahlad , Mhatre Jayesh , Talukder Pritam
Published: June 2022

Humerus mid-shaft fractures are typically managed with ORIF and plate fixation but a rare attempt for CRIF with titanium elastic nail (TENS) nail done even with infection in situ. A 28 year old male, a daily wage worker presented to us with mid-shaft humerus fracture with wrist drop after an incident of fall while carrying heavy load on his head. On X-ray evidence of osteolysis at the fracture site was found and following bone biopsy infected foci was discovered. Later, managed with CRIF with TENS nail and antibiotics. CRIF for infected long bone fracture is rare, but a bold attempt was made for internal fixation which yielded good results and post-operative 3 months showed great results with full active range of motion without any infective foci and with recovery of wirst range of motion.
Aggressive giant cell tumour of the talus: a rare case report and challenges faced during its management
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Bora Shradha , J. K. Giriraj , Menon Gopinath
Published: June 2022

Giant cell tumour (GCT) of the bone is a locally aggressive benign tumour that commonly occurs in the epiphyseal ends of long bones. Its occurrence in the small bones of the foot like the talus is rare. In this case report we described a case of aggressive GCT of the talus (Campanacci grade 3) in a twenty-one years old male diagnosed by the presence of a well-defined osteolytic lesion seen involving the talar body with cortical breach and soft tissue extension confirmed to be a GCT by closed needle biopsy. The patient was managed surgically by excision of the tumour mass in-toto along with the talus followed by tibio-calcaneal fusion using free fibular strut graft and Ilizarov frame. At 3 months follow up no evidence of fusion was seen and therefore secondary augmentation with a cortico-cancellous graft from the iliac crest was done to aid fusion and Ilizarov fixator was removed 6 months after the surgery. The patient at one year follow up had shown no signs of recurrence of the tumour and has a pain free, stable fused tibiocalcaneal joint with a bipedal unassisted gait. Our case report found excision of talus combined with tibio-calcaneal fusion using free fibular strut graft along with cortico cancellous iliac bone graft to have a good outcome in terms of aiding tibio-calcaneal arthrodesis and thereby providing pain relief and providing a stable foot to the patient.
The clinical pattern of sexually transmitted diseases in the outpatient department (skin and VD), Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barishal
Authors: Rahman M. Morshedur , Kamruzzaman M. , Baidya Manashi , Kaiser M. Rezwan , Hasan M. Mahmudul , Bhuiyan Mohammad Faisal Hasan , Pervez Mehdi , Kumar Das Biplab
Published: June 2022

Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) affect men and women of all backgrounds and economic levels. CDC estimates that 19 million new infections occur each year, almost half of them among young people ages 15 to 24. Common STDs are acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), chancroid, genital HPV infection, gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis and viral hepatitis. The aim was to see the pattern of STDs in the skin and VD outpatient department (OPD), Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barishal, Bangladesh.

Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted among 100 patients with STDs both male and female patients in the OPD of dermatology department of Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2015 to December 2015 irrespective of sex and age >15 years to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases.

Results: In this study, prevalence of STDs such as gonorrhea, syphilis, non-gonococcal urethritis, chancroid, genital herpes and genital warts were observed. Gonorrhea was 28%, 13% were syphilis, non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) was 43% and chancroid, genital herpes, genital warts were 5%, 7% and 4% respectively.

Conclusions: STDs are becoming a major public health problem in our county. So, STDs have to be wiped in the bud by early diagnosis, efficient treatment and appropriate preventive and control measures.  
Diagnostic utility of Chicago sky blue stain in superficial dermatophytosis
Authors: Bose Agni Kumar , Kharkar Vidya , Wanjare Shashir , Nataraj Gita , Thirumalaiswamy Apama
Published: June 2022

Background: Dermatophyte infections are one of the commonest presentations to a dermatology OPD. The clinical lesions are highly variable and closely resemble other skin diseases, thus it is important to confirm one’s diagnosis using rapid, cheap methods.

Methods: Skin scrapings from the lesions of 352 suspected cases of dermatophytosis were subjected to KOH mount and KOH with Chicago sky blue (CSB) stain for direct microscopic examination and culture using Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA). Taking the culture as the gold standard method for diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) of KOH mount and CSB staining method was calculated. Kappa statistics were used to determine the degree of congruence between the various diagnostic methods.

Results: Direct microscopy with CSB stain, KOH mount and mycological culture showed positive results in 251 (71.3%), 227 (64.5%) and 292 (82.9%) patients, respectively. Cohen’s Kappa was used to see the agreement between KOH mount and culture (Kappa=0.09) which was statistically significant (p<0.05) at 95% CI. CSB staining and Culture (Kappa=0.09) also showed negligible agreement (Kappa=0.09) which was statistically significant (p<0.05). CSB staining and KOH mount showed substantial agreement (Kappa=0.8) which statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The addition of CSB stain to KOH provides a colour contrast that highlights the fungal elements well, making interpretation easy which increases the overall diagnostic accuracy. CSB stain is inexpensive, easily available and provides a rapid method to diagnose dermatophytosis.
Successful self-healing of vitiligo condition and overcoming psychosocial stresses of a female patient using Yoga Prana Vidya protocols with persistence and determination: an in-depth case study
Authors: Mahajan Pradnya S. , Nanduri Venkata S.
Published: June 2022

Vitiligo is a skin condition with patches of white color occurring on any area of the human body and several treatment approaches are recommended in main stream medicine as well as alternative modes of treatments. Patients suffer psychosocial stress due to social rejection and consequent loss of self-esteem and self-confidence. This paper presented an in-depth case study of a 29-year-old female vitiligo patient, who used and practiced Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) protocols for self-healing. Case series method is used examining full case papers and narration of major events by the patient on what worked well for her using YPV system intervention. The patient persistently healed herself with 2 to 4 sessions a day and within a time span of 1½ months her all the vitiligo patches had healed almost by 50%. After a year of continuing the YPV intervention, the recovery was sustained and further recovery of 30% was seen as she continued with her practices of YPV techniques. As a result, she regained self-esteem and self-confidence overcoming the accumulated psychosocial stress. During this period, she was not taking any medications, but only doing self-healing using YPV protocols. The overall improvement over a period of one year and three months was nearly 80% and a complete life changing experience with self-acceptance after a prolonged traumatic phase in life. YPV system is proving to be a versatile approach to resolving a variety of health issues, as is evident from the published literature.
Dermoscopic assessment of periungual and genital warts treated by multiple modalities: a report
Authors: Ankad Balachandra S. , Koti Varsha R.
Published: June 2022

Periungual and genital warts pose a therapeutic challenge to the treating clinician as there is lack of single curative treatment modality. All existing therapeutic options are associated with high rate of recurrence when employed alone. Here authors reported complete cure of periungual and genital warts that were treated by multiple approach consisting of mumps-measles-rubella vaccine, radiofrequency ablation and oral acitretin.  Therapeutic response was assessed by dermoscopy which revealed specific patterns before and after treatment. There was no recurrence of lesions even after 1 year of follow-up period.
Skin necrosis in COVID-19 patients: complication of therapy or one of clinical and pathological mechanisms of viral infection?
Authors: Abbas Walaa Fadhil , Borisovna Tamrazova Olga , Vladimirovich Molochkov Anton , Sergeevna Stadnikova Antonina
Published: June 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV). Dermatological disorders are among the numerous observations in COVID-19 patients that are consistently reported from various clinical sites throughout the world, although their relationship with illness severity is unknown. Urticarial rash, maculopapular or morbilliform rash, papulovesicular lesions, chilblain, livedo reticularis, vasculitis-like picture, and skin necrosis have all been reported with different frequencies and associated circumstances. In this review article, we will highlight reports of skin necrosis, one of the rare skin findings that are associated with COVID, and their clinical and pathophysiological aspects, in addition to attempting to determine whether they are one of the possible outcomes of this virus infection or a complication of various treatment programs. and to discuss the overlap between skin necrosis due to COVID-19-associated coagulopathies and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Cutaneous necrosis in COVID-19 patients during the pandemic period, according to this review, is not rare. possibly It is simple to diagnose and recognize this dermatological condition, but determining the causal variables and their function in pathogenesis is a complex and difficult task. It's also tough to categorize because it affects people of all ages, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or health status. All hypotheses discuss the direct viral role, the immune system's hyperinflammatory state with cytokine storm, the hypercoagulable state with vasculitis, anticoagulant therapy complications, and deep secondary necrotizing infections as possible interactions that lead to necrosis, which can result in serious outcomes such as disseminated intravascular coagulation if not properly treated.
Плазменные технологии в проблеме получения «более чем зеленого водорода»
Authors: Жовтянский В.А. , Остапчук М.В.
Published: June 2022

Среди огневых методов переработки различных углеродсодержащих отходов в настоящем наиболее распространены высокотемпературные технологии их газификации с образованием водорода в продуктах газификации. С точки зрения перспектив декарбонизации секторов экономики результат применения таких технологий является углеродно-отрицательным, поскольку в противном случае отходы будут гнить на свалках и выделять в течение 20 лет метан – парниковый газ, который в 20 раз активнее углекислого газа с точки зрения климатических изменений. Таким образом, вклад углерода определяется как отрицательный в эквиваленте 188 кг углекислого газа на МДж по сравнению с 20 кг для водорода, получаемого с угля, и нулем для стандартного зеленого водорода. Это позволило авторам отдельных разработок отнести получаемый из отходов водород к более зеленому, чем зеленый. На примерах газификации донных илов и резинового крошева изношенных шин обсуждаются перспективы применения плазменных технологий для получения водорода применительно к задачам водородной энергетики с точки зрения их энергетической эффективности. Выполнен анализ существующих эмпирических зависимостей для определения теплофизических характеристик широкого спектра горючих веществ и выбраны наиболее приемлемые из них для тех видов углеродсодержащего сырья, которое подвергалось газификации в настоящей работе.
Возможный вариант повышения представительности тарифа на продукцию естественных монополистов
Authors: Алияров Б.К. , Алшанов Р.А.
Published: June 2022

В статье рассмотрен вариант повышения представительности тарифов, через выделение части, связанной с обеспечением готовности объекта к эксплуатации и части, обусловленной затратами на производство требуемого объема продукции (услуги). Также показано, что использование приведенной величины потерь на единицу поверхности или на единицу протяженности больше соответствует процессу потерь продукции при доставке до потребителя. Рассмотрен вариант определения стоимости тепловой и электрической энергии при их совместном производстве (когенерация), улучшающий их достоверность.
Плазменно-топливные системы и принципы их функционирования
Authors: Лаврищев О.А. , Устименко А.Б.
Published: June 2022

В настоящей статье представлены основные типы плазменно-топливных систем и принципы их функционирования, обеспечивающие эколого-экономические преимущества, по сравнению с традиционными технологиями топливо использования. В плазменно-топливных системах осуществляется облагораживание угля любого качества до его сжигания. В общем случае плазменно-топливная система представляет собой топливное устройство (в которое подается топливо) с плазменным источником. В плазменно-топливных системах осуществляются процессы плазменной подготовки и/или переработки твердых топлив. Основной принцип функционирования плазменно-топливных систем заключается в организации электротермохимической подготовки и/или переработки угольной пыли в электродуговой плазме. Использование плазменно-топливных систем позволяет расширить гамму сжигаемых в одном и том же котле углей и, в конечном счете, снизить чувствительность пылеугольных котлов к качеству топлива. Показано, что важным преимуществом плазменной технологии являются быстрая окупаемость и малозатратность ее внедрения при одновременном снижении выбросов оксидов азота, серы и пятиокиси ванадия и мехнедожога топлива при плазменной подсветке пылеугольного факела, что делает их практически единственным на сегодня реальным средством повышения эколого-экономической эффективности использования твердых топлив и замещения в необходимых объемах дефицитного и дорогого мазута в топливном балансе ТЭС.
Численное моделирование образования температурного факела неизотермических жидких впрысков
Authors: Болегенова С.А. , Аскарова А.С. , Оспанова Ш.С. , Алдиярова А.Н.
Published: June 2022

В данной работе представлены результаты вычислительных экспериментов по исследованию образования распыла и температурного факела неизотермических жидких впрысков при высокой турбулентности. Проведено численное моделирование распыла и горения жидких впрысков топлив и влияния начальной температуры газа в камере сгорания на данные процессы. Температура в камере сгорания менялась от 700 до 1500 К для двух видов жидких топлив: октана и додекана. Построены распределения капель жидких топлив по радиусам и по температуре в различные моменты времени. Выявлено оказываемое влияние начальной температуры на концентрационные характеристики топлива различного вида топлив. В результате установлено, что при давлении более 80 бар при высокой турбулентности за оптимальную принимается температура газа равная 900 К. При данной температуре камера прогревается до высоких значений температур и концентрация образующихся продуктов реакции наименьшая. Полученные результаты могут быть применены при построении теории горения жидких топлив и будут способствовать более глубокому пониманию сложных физико-химических явлений, которые происходят в камерах сгорания.
Non-Catalytic Gas Phase Oxidation of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Arutyunov V. , Savchenko V. , Sedov I. , Nikitin A.
Published: June 2022

The predicted role of gas chemistry in meeting the global needs for fuels and petrochemicals makes it necessary to increase the efficiency of gas chemical processes and reduce their energy consumption. An important role in solving these problems can be played by non-catalytic autothermal oxidation processes that provide high energy efficiency with minimal demands on the composition of processed gases and their preliminary preparation. The paper presents the latest results of the development of two promising directions in natural gas processing. One, so called matrix conversion, belongs to the group of processes based on their preliminary conversion into syngas and demonstrates the possibility of a significant increase in specific capacity due to the transition to autothermal oxidative conversion. The other is based on the processes of direct conversion of hydrocarbon gases into chemical products – their partial oxidation and oxycracking with subsequent catalytic carbonylation of the resulting methanol and ethylene. In this case, additional advantages are achieved due to the possibility of direct processing of complex gas mixtures without their preliminary separation.
Parametrical synthesis of the complex two-port networks for variants of their inclusion between a source of a signal and a nonlinear part by criterion of maintenance of the set characteristics amplifiers with the general feedback
Authors: Golovkov Alexander A. , Golovkov Vladimir A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the analysis of known literature shows that the use of various types of matching quadripoles (reactive, resistive, complex, mixed) and a feedback circuit covering a non-linear element makes it possible to increase the area of physical feasibility of given forms of frequency characteristics. The purpose of the work is to increase the area of physical feasibility of given forms of frequency characteristics by optimizing the parameters of matching complex quadripoles and using an additional feedback circuit covering a nonlinear element and a mixed quadripole. Each two-terminal network of such four-terminal networks consists of both resistive and reactive elements. Materials and methods: theory of four-terminal networks, matrix algebra, decomposition method, method of synthesis of microwave control devices, circuit engineering method for analyzing the characteristics of radio devices. Results: Mathematical models of matching complex quadripole networks are obtained in the form of relationships between the elements of their transmission matrix and the dependences of the resistances of their two-terminal circuits on frequency, which are optimal in terms of the criterion for providing specified forms of frequency characteristics. Conclusion: a comparative analysis of the theoretical results (frequency response and phase response of amplifiers) obtained by mathematical modeling in the MathCad system and experimental results obtained by circuit simulation in the OrCad and MicroCap systems shows their satisfactory agreement.
Analytical Solution of Steady State Heat Conduction in a Rectangular Plate and Comparison with the Numerical Finite Difference Method
Authors: N Obi Chinwe
Published: June 2022

The medium of heat conduction is seemingly important in the world today and needs to be well understood. This paper looks at the steady state heat conduction in a rectangular plate characterized by Dirichlet boundary conditions. The steady state heat model is formulated based on some assumptions governing this phenomenon. The model which is an elliptic partial differential equation is solved using both analytic and numerical methods. The separable variable method which is an analytic method gives rise to a closed form solution. A comparative study was made by comparing the accuracy of the Finite Difference Method (FDM) and the separable variable method and the relative errors determined. The results obtained from the separable variable method were close to the numerical method. The FDM gives approximate solution with less time and fitting resilience. It is thus concluded that the FDM method allows control over mensurable error.
Communication Strategy in Managing Anxiety and Uncertainty during the COVID-19 Tests in Indonesia
Authors: Nurdin Ali , Sulaeman Sulaeman , Ridwan M
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 haunts people's lives, especially participants of the COVID-19 swab test in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the communication strategy carried out by COVID-19 swab test participants in managing anxiety, the uncertainty of information, and finding patterns of communication networks while waiting for laboratory test results. This study was conducted qualitatively; data was collected with a semi-open questionnaire through social media networks with the google form applcation on 61 informants of the COVID-19 swab test participants in Indonesia. Furthermore, the data was analyzed using the flow model and UCINET-NetDraw software. As a result of the study, a few communication strategies were recommended by COVID-19 swab test participants in managing anxiety and uncertainty namely: first, transcendental communication strategy by approaching and praying to God; second, phatic communication strategy to build personal communication that has an impact on feelings of pleasure; third, a communication strategy built with the pattern of interpersonal networks with the closest people. Parents and friends played an important role in helping participants manage anxiety. Furthermore, general practitioners provided health information to their patients. These three communication strategies helped increase the body's immunity when sick and develop humanistic communication patterns in the health sector.
A General Approach for Meeting Summarization: From Speech to Extractive Summarization
Authors: Akar Neslihan , Turan Metin
Published: June 2022

Developing technologies and techniques have increased the amount of information and enabled easier access to information resources. However, due to the ever-growing amount of information sources, it has become difficult to access the information needed in a limited time. Consequently, the need for summary information has become important. This research is focused on the extraction of inferential written summaries of communications that occur in oral environments such as meetings, lectures and conferences. However, since this type of problem requires conversion from audio to text, it also includes issues such as the human factor, sound recording environments, and language-specific problems. This study aimed to take the audio recordings of the meetings, especially the IT sector, to process and summarize. Spontaneous conversations were converted into audio recordings and the obtained texts were summarized using extractive summarization techniques. The motivation of the study is to catch the important points that may escape the attention of the individuals at the meeting and to summarize the main agenda items for the personnel who could not attend the meeting. The experimentally generated dataset (converted from audio recordings to text) was summarized by three different human summarizers and compared with the summaries obtained from the developed inferential summative model. The results obtained are remarkable and it is seen that approximately 71% success was achieved.
Early Outcomes of a High PaO2/FiO2 Ratio during Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Yilmaz Ak Hülya , Özşahin Yasemin , Yeşiltaş Mehmet Ali , Sandal Baris , Salihoglu Ziya , Erkalp Kerem
Published: June 2022

Background: In cardiac surgery, supraphysiological oxygen levels are frequently applied perioperatively. In this study, we examined the postoperative effect of perioperative hyperoxemia in cardiac surgery.
Methods: All patients who underwent mitral valve replacement via the standard sternotomy method between 2010 and 2021 were analyzed by scanning the hospital data system. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the hyperoxemic group (partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen [PaO2/FiO2] > 500 mmHg) (Group I) and the normoxemic group (300 mmHg < PaO2/FiO2 < 500 mmHg) (Group II) according to the mean of 3 PaO2/FiO2 values calculated by using 3 PaO2 and 3 FiO2 levels. Postoperative complications, the mechanical ventilation time, the need for noninvasive mechanical ventilator support, the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, the hospitalization period, and the mortality rate of the groups were compared.
Results: A total of 78 patients were included in the study, and 53 of the patients (67.9%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 58.89±12.60 years.  The total mechanical ventilation time was significantly higher in the hyperoxemic group than in Group II (P<0.001) (18.18±12.90 h and 11.45±7.85 h, respectively). The amount of postoperative bleeding was significantly higher in Group I (P=0.003) (539.47±201.74 mL and 417.50±186.93 mL, respectively). The total amount of blood products administered during surgery and ICU stay was higher in Group I (P=0.041) (3.55±1.59 units and 2.87±1.89 units, respectively).
Conclusion: We observed that the group with hyperoxemia during cardiopulmonary bypass had a higher amount of postoperative bleeding and the need for transfusion, as well as a longer duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care.
A Rare Case of a Type IV Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery and Ectopic Left Anterior Descending and Circumflex Arteries Requiring Surgery
Authors: Mansoor Muhammad , Khan Waqar Ahmad , Abbas Fakhar , Kumari Usha
Published: June 2022

Congenital anomalous coronary arteries (CACAs) comprise an important variant of the coronary vasculature. They are benign in the vast majority of cases, whereas a small minority may be affected by serious consequences such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and even death. We herein describe a 62-year-old man with sudden and severe substernal chest pain; Q waves in electrocardiographic leads II, III, and aVF; and positive serum troponin I enzyme. Left heart cardiac catheterization revealed triple coronary vessel disease with a 60% to 70% occlusion in the left main coronary artery (LMCA). The left anterior descending (LAD) and the left circumflex artery arose from the ostium of the right coronary artery. Additionally, a rudimentary type IV dual LAD originated from the LMCA. A coronary artery bypass graft surgery was performed using a left internal mammary artery graft for the LAD and a saphenous vein graft for the diagonal branches (I & II) of the LAD and the posterior descending artery. The patient was discharged after an uneventful 1-week hospital course.
Accessory Mitral Valve Misdiagnosed as Vegetation: A Case Report
Authors: Salehi Rezvanieh , Khezerlouy-Aghdam Naser , Javanshir Elnaz , Zanjani Babak , Parizad Razieh
Published: June 2022

An accessory mitral valve (AMV) is a rare anomaly of the mitral valve (MV) that often causes left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. We describe a young woman presenting with infrequent palpitations to our outpatient clinic. She was evaluated for mid-systolic murmur at the left sternal border. At the initial transthoracic echocardiography, vegetation on the MV was suspected. The patient was referred to our advanced echocardiography lab, where transesophageal echocardiography revealed an AMV with mild LVOT obstruction. The findings, along with extensive laboratory tests, ruled out vegetation. Additionally, she had a bicuspid aortic valve. At follow-up after 1 year, the patient was asymptomatic regarding the AMV with LVOT obstruction, and the repeat echocardiography depicted no changes compared with the previous echocardiography. Distinguishing AMVs from other MV masses, including vegetation, sometimes poses a challenge and can lead to unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic measures. This rare MV anomaly is associated with bicuspid aortic valves.
Latent Avulsion of the Posterior Mitral Leaflet Base from the Mitral Annulus following a Motor Vehicle Accident: A Case Report
Authors: Mohseni Badalabadi Reza , Siavosh Parto , Sadeghian Hakimeh
Published: June 2022

Injuries to the heart and great vessels should always be considered after blunt chest trauma. Valvular damage rarely occurs after blunt trauma, but symptoms may be delayed. A 58-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with exertional dyspnea (functional class III) and palpitations for elective transesophageal echocardiography. Her symptoms had exacerbated in the preceding 2 or 3 months. Physical examination showed holosystolic murmurs (IV/VI) at the lower sternal border with extension to the apex. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed avulsion of the base of the posterior mitral valve leaflet (P3) from the annulus. In the past medical history, there was a history of a motor vehicle accident 9 months earlier. The patient was recommended for mitral valve surgery. Mitral valve replacement was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. The patient was discharged without any complications.
A letter to editor related to: "Relationship between workplace ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain, range of motion and spinal deformities in employees: A case study, Kermanshah Oil Refinery"
Authors: Rahmani R
Published: June 2022

A few points about the published article in the Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal Volume 12 Issue 4 entitled Relationship between workplace ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain, range of motion and spinal deformities in employees:A case study, Kermanshah Oil Refinery were discussed.The article included the  term "workplace ergonomics", "prevalence of musculoskeletal pain", and "application of RULA for posture assessment". These points were discussed in this letter.
Investigating the effect of different light intensities in work environments on Circadian rhythm using animal model
Authors: Yekzamani P , Ashtarinezhad A , Aboulghasemi J , Masruri B , Arabian M , Alimohammadi I
Published: June 2022

Introduction: light intensity and duration are physical factors that affect hormone secretion and circadian rhythms. This study aimed to determine the effects of various light intensities on serum melatonin and cortisol levels.
Materials and methods: This experimental study was carried out on 32 male rats: Group 1 as the control group, received a brightness of 150 lux, and groups 2, 3, and 4 as the exposure groups received light intensities of 300, 5000, and 8000 lux for 14 days, respectively. To evaluate hormone levels, blood samples were taken on before and after 7 and 14 days of exposure. Then cortisol and melatonin levels were determined by ELISA. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: The results showed that cortisol levels after seven days of exposure in the groups exposed to the light intensity of 300, 5000, and 8000 lux increased significantly compared to the control group, and after 14 days, the level of cortisol in the groups. Exposure to a light intensity of 5000 and 8000 lux increased significantly compared to the control. Also, melatonin levels in the group of rats exposed to the light intensity of 5000 lux and 8000 lux after 7 and 14 days of exposure compared to the control significantly decreased.
Conclusion: Increased light intensity is associated  with  increased  melatonin  suppression and cortisol levels. It is suggested  that  more studies be done to prove the effect of different light intensities on changes in the levels of these  hormones at varying hours of the day.
Occupational and demographics predictors of musculoskeletal disorders and pain disabilities in construction workers
Authors: Afshari D , Pourerfan P , Nourollahi-darabad M
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common diseases that cause absenteeism and disability. Exposure to ergonomic risk factors in construction workers increases the risk of discomfort and musculoskeletal disorders in this group. The present study investigates occupational and individual factors predicting musculoskeletal disorders and pain disabilities in construction workers.
Material and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 346 construction project workers in Tehran. To study the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort, job stress, and pain disabilities, Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, Job Content, and Pain Disability questionnaires were used. 
Results: The results of the present study showed that the highest rates of musculoskeletal discomfort were in the neck (68%), left knee (64%), right knee (86%), and back (61%), respectively. The mean score of pain disability was 35.43 ± 20.18, and 16% of people were in severe disability. The results showed that with increasing work experience, working hours per day and body mass index of pain disability increases, and age, work experience, body mass index, and the component of physical needs of the job are the contributing factors of the musculoskeletal discomforts.
 Conclusion: Musculoskeletal disorders and pain disability were high in the studied construction workers. Based on the results, age, work experience, body mass index, and job stress contributed to musculoskeletal disorders and pain disabilities. Therefore, this study's results can help to understand better the risk factors affecting musculoskeletal disorders and pain disabilities in construction workers.
Evaluating Cognitive Performance of Executive Control Based on Evidence from Attention Network Test and Event-Related Potential in Individuals with Mild Depressive Disorder and Burnout
Authors: Tanhaei A , Daliri M , Van Vugh M , Nasehi M , Moradi A , Javadpour S
Published: June 2022

Introduction: One of the secondary consequences of burnout is a significant reduction in cognitive functions, the most obvious and important of which is the cognitive function of attention and control, which can play a vital role in efficiency and prevention of errors at work in many occupations. On the other hand, a neurological examination is needed to understand better the relationship between burnout and its consequent depressive disorder regarding the cognitive function of the attention network of these individuals. Depressed people usually have neuropsychological disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the cognitive performance of executive control of healthcare workers with shift jobs on the verge of burnout using the Attention Network Test (ANT) Event-Related Potential (ERP).
Materials and Methods: The sample included 26 health care providers on the verge of burnout in Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran (15 without depression and 11 with mild to moderate depression) selected by purposive sampling. The rate of burnout was assessed by the Maslach Scales (1981); depression was evaluated by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21); attention was assessed by the Network Attention Test (ANT) and simultaneously with the behavioral test. We investigated the event-related potential (ERP) indicators of attention processing. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used for data analysis.
Results: The results of behavioral performance revealed no significant difference between the two groups in the three attention networks; however, Significant differences can be seen in ERP brain waves related to the executive function of attention, especially by increasing the SP wave and N2 wave component compared to normal individuals without depression
Conclusion: : Significant differences can be seen in ERP brain waves related to the executive function of attention, especially by increasing the SP wave and N2 wave component compared to normal individuals without depression. According to the study results, it can be stated that to improve cognitive performance in people's work environments, measures should be taken to reduce burnout and depression, and employees should perform their activities with better performance and help the quality growth of the work environment.
Health monitoring in employees exposed to lead: review the evidence
Authors: Davari M.H , Gharavi M , Salmani M , PiriArdakani M
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Lead is a toxic metal found in the Earth's crust and has been used by humans for 7,000 years due to its high density, flexibility and strength, and low melting point. The widespread use of this metal in industry and the exposure of workers has led to widespread environmental pollution and public health problems in many parts of the world. Due to the widespread use of lead in various occupations and also the importance of complications caused by exposure to it, biological monitoring of employees exposed to this substance has always been of particular importance in occupational medicine and occupational health, so in this article, a review of the latest Changes to the Biological Monitoring Guidelines for Lead Exposed Employees We review recruitment, periodic, and termination surveys. 
Method: This study aimed to investigate high-risk occupations and prevent and control lead exposure complications prevent and control lead exposure complications in work environments. GoogleScholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases from 1980 to 2021, and CDC, ACOEM, OSHA, WHO, and ATSDR guidelines were examined by thematic search method. 4 articles and 11 guidelines were selected and used in writing this article. 
Results: Studies have shown that many businesses, including manufacturers of lead-acid batteries, ammunition, paints, ceramic glazes, etc., are exposed to lead and its health effects.
Conclusion: To control and prevent the complications caused by exposure to lead, all workers who have occupational exposure to lead should be examined at the beginning of employment and periodically at regular intervals.
Evaluation of Simple Screening for Attention Functions
Authors: Tanikawa Yoshihiro , MIYAHARA So , KAKUDA Takayuki
Published: June 2022

We hypothesized that a combination of multiple tasks consisting of suppression of blinking and sustaining maximum muscle force in pinching serves as a simple screening test for declines in attention functions and investigated the relationships of suppression of blinking, the number of blinks during measurement of pinch strength, and attention functions. The subjects were 27 young individuals (10 males and 17 females with a mean age of 31.9±13.8 years) and 12 elderly individuals (2 males and 10 females with a mean age of 73.3±5.6 years). Part A and Part B of a Japanese version of the Trail Making Test (TMT) were used to evaluate attention functions. The subjects were instructed before the measurement of pinch strength to stop blinking for 5 seconds, and the number of blinks was counted. Pinch strength was measured for 5 seconds, and its changes were recorded. No instructions were given in the first measurement of pinch strength, but the second measurement was performed after the instruction of “Do not blink” (with restriction of blinking). TMT-Part A with restriction of blinking took more time in the group that blinked than in the group that did not blink (41.1±16.4 vs. 25.6±8.7, p<0.01). The subjects who required more time to execute TMT-Part A tended to be more likely to blink even under restriction. Examination of the presence or absence of blinking under restriction before the measurement of pinch strength is considered to be potentially useful as a simple screening test for attention functions.
Is there a difference between tranexamic acid application routes in hip hemiarthroplasty?
Authors: YERLİ Mustafa , İMREN Yunus , ÇABUK Haluk , DEDEOĞLU Süleyman Semih , YÜCE Ali , BAYRAKTAR Tahsin Olgun , ERKURT Nazım , GÜRBÜZ Hakan
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to define the optimal efficacy route of tranexamic acid treatment given during hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck fracture.
Methods: This study examined the files of patients with hip fractures over 65 years of age and treated surgically in our clinic between 2017 and 2019. Patients included in these files were grouped as non-tranexamic acid and topical and systemic tranexamic acid. Then, the demographic information, height and weight of the patient files, haemoglobin and hematocrit levels before and after the surgery, bleeding profiles, tranexamic acid dose and the route of administration, complications in postoperative follow-up, the amount of fluid coming from the drain and duration of drainage, postoperative intensive care follow-up duration of hospitalisation was investigated.
Results: A total of 100 patients, 50 of whom were in the control group, 25 of whom were treated with topical tranexamic acid, and 25 of whom were treated with intravenous tranexamic acid, were included in this study. Postoperative blood transfusion was applied to 60% (n = 30) of the control group, 20% (n = 5) of the topical group, and 24% (n = 6) of the intravenous group. When compared statistically, it was found that topical and intravenous groups were lower than the control group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), but there was no significant difference between them (p = 0.759). When the blood loss calculations made by the Gross method were examined, the average of the control group was 1011.5 ml (179-1837 ml), the topical group was 695.7 ml (11-2503 ml), and the intravenous group was 710.9 ml (173-11315 ml) calculated as. When analysed statistically in terms of blood loss, it was found that the control group was significantly higher than the topical and intravenous groups, but there was no significant difference between the topical and intravenous groups (p = 0.002).
Conclusions: Tranexamic acid applied to reduce blood loss during arthroplasty surgery can be used effectively either by topical or systemic methods.
Determination of Factors Affecting Academician's Happiness Level: Scale Development Research
Authors: Durmuş İbrahim
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the current study is to explore the joint effects of the love of money, professional development, and career anxiety on Turkish academics’ levels of happiness. To that end, we have constructed two different measurement models to examine the hypothesized relationships. According to the findings of Model 1, a) professional development contributes to increased levels of love of money, and happiness, b) the love of money contributes to increased levels of happiness, and c) love of money has a mediating role in the relationship between professional development and happiness. Of the control variables, only age has a moderating effect (buffering) on the aforementioned mediation model. According to the findings of Model 2, d) career anxiety causes the love of money to increase and happiness level to decrease, e) love of money has no significant effect on happiness level, and f) love of money does not have a mediating role in the relationship between career anxiety and happiness level. The age variable has a moderator effect on the relationship between career anxiety and happiness level.
Key Words: Career Anxiety, Happiness Level, Love of Money, Professional Development
JEL Classification: M10
Gençlerin Bütçe Hakkı Algısı: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve idari Bilimler Fakültesi Öğrencileri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Yapıcı Sapankaya Fatma , Tandırcıoğlu Haluk
Published: June 2022

Magna Carta (1215) sayesinde ortaya çıkan “temsilsiz vergi olmaz” söylemi, bütçe hakkının ortaya çıkıp gelişimine zemin hazırlamıştır. Bütçe hakkı halkın seçtiği temsilciler eliyle kamusal gelir ve giderlerin belirlemesidir. Günümüzde bütçe hakkı yasama organı tarafından kullanılır. Bütçe hakkı demokrasi kültürünün gelişimine olanak sağlayan bir değerdir. Böylesi önemi olan bir değerin gençler tarafından benimsenmesi, demokrasi kültürünün gelecek nesle aktarılması anlamına gelir. Gençlerin kamu gelir ve giderleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları, kamusal sorumlulukları üstlenme bilinçlerini artırır. Bütçe hakkı algısını ölçmeyi hedefleyen bu çalışma, saha araştırması yöntemiyle buna ulaşmaya çalışmıştır. Seçilen örneklem Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi öğrencileridir. Örnekleme tarafımızca hazırlanan anket yoluyla sorular yöneltilmiş ve alınan yanıtlar istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde IBM SPSS Statistics (24.0) programı kullanılmıştır. Anket yöntemiyle elde edilen verilerin analizinde T testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Elli sorudan oluşan bütçe hakkı algısı anketine rassal olarak seçilen 430 öğrenci katılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bütçe duyarlılığının Maliye Bölümü öğrencilerinde daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada bütçe hakkı algısına etki eden faktörler olarak saydamlık, kamu mali yönetiminde etkinlik, kamu harcamaları algısı ve eğitim olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan doğrusal regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre belirlilik katsayısı olan R2= 0,541, araştırmada bütçe hakkı algısına etki ettiği varsayılan faktörlerin bütçe hakkı algısının yalnızca %54’lük kısmını açıkladığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Bütçe Hakkı, Kamu Harcamaları Finansmanı, Temsilsiz Vergileme, Vergi Bilinci
JEL Sınıflandırması: H60, H50, H20, H23