bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technological support of the form-profile of the profile of the rings of the rolling bearings
Authors: Zverovshchikov Alexander , Zverovshchikov Vladimir , Nesterov Sergey
Published: January 2020

The methods of forming the working surfaces of the rings of rolling bearings are considered. The influence of the shape of the profile of the rings on the performance characteristics of bearings is shown. The schemes of finishing the rings by superfinishing with profile bars and polishing with an inertial compacted abrasive particles are given. A new technology for improving the quality of the working surfaces of the rings is proposed and the results of experimental studies of the efficiency of ring processing are presented.
Formation of the quality indicators of the working surfaces of the rings of the roll bearings in finishing operations
Authors: Zverovshchikov Alexander , Zverovshchikov Vladimir , Nesterov Sergey
Published: January 2020

The results of the study of the quality indicators of the surface of rolling bearing rings after the operation of fine grinding with an abrasive wheel and polishing with a profile elastic tool of abrasive particles compacted with inertial forces are presented. The advantages of processing with an elastic tool and the effect of processing modes on the roughness of the working surface of the rings, the amount of waviness and cut are shown. Recommendations on the practical application of the new technology are given.
On the way to the optimal design of an inflatable aerodynamic decelerator of space debris removal system for CubeSat nanosatellites
Authors: Reznik S V , Smirnov G K , Varlamov S A
Published: January 2020

In order to avoid pollution of the near-Earth space out-of-service small spacecrafts could be transferred to the disposal orbits in dense atmosphere with the help of inflatable decelerator. The issues of aerodynamics and heat transfer are of key importance for such systems design. The movement conditions in a low Earth orbit of a spherical inflatable aerodynamic decelerator designed for small spacecrafts removal are considered. The preliminary results of thermal analysis of the decelerator made of polymer film with the surface metallization are presented.
The heat transfer features of the thin-walled shell of an inflatable aerodynamic decelerator for CubeSat nanosatellites
Authors: Abramova E N , Reznik S V
Published: January 2020

Small spacecraft, first of all, nanosatellites of a CubeSat standard have a relatively small operational life. After their operational lives have expired, they turn into space debris. Disabled spacecraft can be transferred to the disposal orbit in the dense atmosphere using inflatable decelerators in order to avoid pollution of the near-Earth space. Decelerator’s temperature state is formed under the action of thermal radiation from the Sun and the Earth and kinetic heating caused by movement in a free-molecular medium. The specific features of heat transfer of inflatable decelerator’s thin-walled spherical shell are considered. The inflatable decelerator is designed for spacecraft removal during moving in the low-earth orbit.
Damage accumulation in supermartensitic stainless steel during plastic deformation
Authors: Batanova N V , Danilov V L
Published: January 2020

Supermartensitic stainless steel usually used in the oil, gas and hydropower industries. In order to optimize the process of manufacturing of workpieces from these steels, damage accumulation was investigated in supermartensitic stainless steel during plastic deformation. In the present paper dependence of damage on plastic strain, grain size and strain rate is presented based on experimental data for 03Cr13Ni4Mo steel. Also the modeling method of damage calculation due to critical pore accumulation is proposed.
Synthesis of a deforming-cutting mill design
Authors: Novikov P A
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the synthesis of a new threading tool used to form internal threads in products made of aluminum alloys. As a rule, when machining internal threads in complex parts, the manufacture of which is carried out at milling machining centers, thread mills are used. This is due to low reliability of threading operations where classic marking tools are used, which are unacceptable for parts that have high cost at this time. In addition, when processing products made of aluminum alloys, there are features related to the presence of porosity in the material and ‘tears’ on the treated surface, the nature of which is associated with the cutting process. This degrades such an operational parameter of threaded joints as tightness. To solve these problems, the design of a new tool, a deforming-cutting mill, was proposed on basis of morphological analysis and synthesis, and the combined machining principle was taken as a basis for its creation.
Approximation of Shear Wave Velocity Using MASW Method for Seismic Hazard Mitigation: A Preliminary Study of Banda Aceh City Indonesia
Authors: Jamaluddin K , Chairullah B , Irwandi I , Majid T
Published: January 2020

Earthquake 9.1 SR happened in the Aceh Province Indonesia that followed tsunami on December 2004. After this event, the development of infrastructures in Banda Aceh city has shown rapidly progress. Therefore, learning of the experience of this natural event that has caused many casualties and infrastructures, the Banda Aceh city has been being taken initiative as a city that is friendly of disasters. The research objective analysed of influence sedimentation behaviour at buildings. The shear wave velocity parameters using MASW method were used for sediment characteristic assessment. The sediment characteristics are very soft, soft, dense and very dense that it’s have level different of shaking, respectively. The detail of 1D profiles of shear wave velocity have obtained. In this case, we analysed VS30 parameters of eleven locations of all measurements at the Ulee Kareng Sub District, Banda Aceh city. The ground shaking level of sediment layer depend of sedimentation characteristics. The sediment characteristic of Ulee Kareng Sub District, Banda Aceh has shown medium dense and soft soil.
Risk Factors Influencing the Construction Projects in Yemen from Expert’s Perspective
Authors: Bahamid R A , Doh S I , Al-Sharafi M A , Rahimi A R
Published: January 2020

This purpose of this study is to validate the important risk factors influencing the construction projects in a developing country of Yemen by using experts’ evaluations and literature review. These factors influence the project’s quality, time and cost. The semi-structured interviews were employed through online means using thirteen experts to achieve the set objective. Depending on the expert’s overviews, out of 56 considered factors, 42 factors were assigned as the most related risk factors influencing the construction projects in Yemen. The obtained outcomes from this study can serve as the risk factors for building blocks in establishing a conceptual model to manage risks of the construction projects in Yemen.
Performance of Coir Fiber Addition for Clay as a Sub-Grade for Pavement Design
Authors: Munirwan R P , Munirwansyah  , Marwan  , Ramadhansyah P J , Kamchoom V
Published: January 2020

Clay soil behavior often becomes problematic with building construction, it is about the shrink-swell behavior in clay when influenced by water content. Coconut husk fiber (coir fiber), in general, is an industrial waste which is still infrequent to be re-used. This study aims are to determine the effect of coir fiber addition for mechanical stabilization of clay soil in terms of CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value. Soil samples used for laboratory tests were collected from Ulee Glee area of Pidie Jaya Regency. According to AASHTO classification, the soil category is A-7-5 (25) while for USCS classification, the soil is OH (Organic High). The percentage of added coir fiber was 0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% of the dry weight of the soil with a coir fiber length of 2 and 3 cm. Two treatments of clay-coir fiber mixing method were applied namely direct mixing and mixing by layers. The results of natural soil compaction test obtained that OMC (Optimum Moisture Content) value and dry soil weight (γdmax) was 26.8% and 1.34 gr/cm3 respectively. The highest CBR results were obtained for clay soil with 0.4% coir fiber 3 cm (direct mix) with CBR value = 17.7%. Furthermore, the lowest CBR value is 10% for percentage of 0.2% with coir fiber length 2 cm (by layer). In general, high organic clay soil with coir fiber mixture addition is able to increase the CBR values if compared to CBR of natural soil which is 8.15%. Thus, the use of coir fiber in this study is able to improve soil bearing capacity which is useful for construction material in the site.
Liquefaction Potential Analysis of Reusep Prestress Bridge in Pidie Jaya due to 6.4 Mw Earthquake
Authors: Munirwan R P , Munirwansyah M , Jamaluddin K , Gunawan H , Mubarak A Z , Ramadhansyah P J , Youventharan D
Published: January 2020

Pidie Jaya is one of the districts in Aceh Province – Indonesia. On December 7, 2016, Pidie Jaya experienced a shallow 6.4 Mw earthquake which destroyed some vital buildings and also human loss. Based on preliminary field investigation, some geological damages like soil movement, soil cracks, and liquefactions occur because of the earthquake. Some liquefaction phenomena scattered in the area of Ulim, Panteraja, Meunasah Balek, Manohara Beach and Sagoe Trienggadeng. An evidence of liquefaction in Pidie Jaya area was displayed in this research based on several literature review. Furthermore, these paper aims to identify liquefaction possibilities in Trienggadeng Reusep Prestress Bridge based on a geotechnical investigation of N-SPT and some seismic data by using Kishida method. The surrounded area of the bridge was first evaluated in terms of geological setting, tectonics and seismic activity related to 6.4Mw of the previous earthquake. Furthermore, it was found from the soil profile that the studied area has a potency of liquefaction because of several saturated sand layers and high groundwater level. Effective overburden pressure of sand layers was calculated and plotted with N-SPT value to determine the possibility of liquefaction. The result shows that liquefaction potential shows high possibility for sand dominant layers both from bor-log 1 in 17.5 m and 25 m depths, and bor-log 2 in the depth of 17 m and 26.5 m.
Properties of Concrete Containing Crushed Palm Oil Clinker as Partial Fine Aggregate Replacement
Authors: Sulaiman M A , Ali M I , Al-Amri M Y , Muthusamy K , Albshir Budiea A M , Nordin N , Duraisamy Y , Othman R
Published: January 2020

The growing demand for sand supply for construction industry use especially in concrete production drives the sand mining industry to flourish. However, excessive sand mining would affect the river environment, aquatic life and water quality. At the same time, the increasing quantity of palm oil clinker, which is a by-product at palm oil mill disposed at landfill, poses negative impact to the environment. The use of palm oil clinker waste as sand replacement in concrete production would be able to reduce the use of natural sand from the river and dumping of clinker waste at landfill. The current research investigates the fresh and mechanical properties of concrete containing palm oil clinker as partial fine aggregate replacement. A total five concrete mixes were produced. The control specimen was prepared by using 100% natural sand. Other mixes were formed by integrating crushed palm oil clinker as partial fine aggregate replacement ranging from 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. All specimens were water cured up to 28 days. The specimens were subjected to slump test, compressive strength test, flexural strength test and water absorption test. The finding shows that suitable amount of palm oil clinker can be used as partial fine aggregate replacement in concrete production. Concrete containing palm oil clinker up to 40% replacement exhibits water absorption value lower than 10%, thus classified as good quality concrete.
Water Quality Status and Heavy Metal Contains in Selected Rivers at Tasik Chini due to Increasing Land Use Activities
Authors: Nadiatul Adilah A A G , Nurul Nadia H
Published: January 2020

This study investigates the current water quality levels in the rivers around Lake Chini namely Jemberau River and Chini River during the dry season of 2018 and the rainy season of 2019. There are thirteen types of water quality parameters and seven types of heavy metals have been made experimental and classified based on the Water Quality Index which is from the Department of Environment (DOE-WQI) and the National Water Quality Interim Standard, Malaysia (INWQS). There are chemical and physical parameters that have been analyzed such as pH, temperature, turbidity, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Suspended Solids (SS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N), Potassium (K), Nitrate (N) and Phosphorus (P) were analyzed at the sample site and laboratory experiments were also performed. In addition, there are seven types of heavy metals that have been tested in the laboratory to determine the concentration of heavy metals contained in the water samples from the Chini River and the Jemberau River which are Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr) Cadmium (Cd), Ferrum (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn) and Lead (Pb) were tested using laboratory tools named as Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Based on the results of the study conducted according to the Water Quality Index (WQI), the water quality at selected locations which are Jemberau River and Chini River located near Lake Chini was classified as Class III which means water in the river requires extensive treatment to ensure water quality return clean and safe to use as drinking water to the locals in the future. According to the results of the study, there are activities conducted around Lake Chini which have caused water pollution which involves the release of heavy metals. Among the activities identified as the main cause of water pollution in Lake Chini are iron mining, agriculture, illegal logging and waste disposal from residential areas such as the National Service Training Program (PLKN).
Mechanical Performance of Stone Mastic Asphalt Incorporating Steel Fiber
Authors: Jasni N E , Masri K A , Ramadhansyah P J , Arshad A K , Shaffie E , Ahmad J , Norhidayah A H
Published: January 2020

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded hot mix asphalt that contains a large percentage of course aggregate and bitumen filler mastic. SMA is suffered from severe binder drain down due to the gap graded aggregates mixtures. Large difference between the sizes of aggregate tend to reduce tensile strength of the asphalt mixture. To overcome this, a type of fiber which is steel fiber is utilized to improve the tensile strength of SMA. Thus, the aim of this study is to increase the strength of SMA by utilizing steel fiber. To prepare SMA mixtures, specimens were compacted by applying 50 blows on each face using Marshall Compactor. Then, the modified specimens were tested to investigate the performance in terms of Los Angeles Abrasion Test, Marshall Stability Test, Resilient Modulus Test, and Dynamic Creep. From the results, it indicates that the addition of 0.3% fiber leads to better stability and stiffness while 0.5% fiber for resilient and enhanced modulus dynamic creep at 25°C and 0.4% fiber at 40°C. Thus, it can be concluded that the addition of steel fiber in the mixture significantly enhance the overall performance of SMA.
Construction readiness parameters for highway projects
Authors: Radzi A R , Rahman R A , Doh S I , Esa M
Published: January 2020

Highways greatly contribute to a country’s economic development and growth. Therefore, it is vital for highway construction projects to complete on time and budget. However, when a project starts construction prematurely, projects frequently experience interruption that eventually resulted in delays, causing a multitude of adverse effects on all project stakeholders. In other words, premature starts are one of the factors of construction delays. However, prior studies have little understanding of information that can help practitioners determine whether a highway project is premature or ready for construction. This study aims to identify the parameters used in practice to differentiate whether a highway construction project is ready or not to begin construction. To achieve this objective, interviews with sixteen industry practitioners working on highway construction projects are being conducted and analyzed. The significant findings include: (1) construction readiness can be assessed even as early as during the project start-up phase; and (2) not fulfilling the construction readiness parameters may cause a work stoppage, inefficient work, rework, and shortages in labor, equipment or materials. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge by identifying the parameters that indicate whether a highway project is construction-ready or construction-not-ready. The lessons from this study could help the industry to avoid premature starts in highway construction projects.
Effect of government policy towards the abandoned housing project in Malaysia
Authors: Saidah An’nisaa S , Nur Farhayu A , Nur Asyekin R , Mohamad Idris A , Ramli N I
Published: January 2020

The issue of abandoned housing project happens across the globe, and it brings nothing positive to the stakeholders as well as to the economic and environment. Even though there are numerous policies and the Malaysian government has promulgated laws, yet the problem of abandoned housing projects is still occurring and not yet been fully addressed. The objectives are to investigate the factor of government policy that contribute to the abandoned housing project and to suggest the suitable solution in mitigating the problem. After the extensive literature review and multi-choice questionnaire survey method been done, the author found that the requirement of 30% low cost house for each development and unstandardized policy together with strict regulation from authorities is one of the main factor that contribute to the abandoned housing project. This paper suggested that the requirement of 30% low cost house for each development should be revised and the requirements for statutory approval should be standardized and short. This study will be contributing an information to the stakeholder involved in housing development.
Strength and Porosity of Porous Concrete Pavement Containing Nano Black Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Ramadhansyah P J , Masri K A , Mangi S A , Mohd Yusak M I , Mashros N , Mohd Warid M N , Satar M K I M , Mohd Haziman W I
Published: January 2020

Rice husk ash (RHA) as replacement material in the conventional concrete mixture has been widely studying around the world. However, there is a lack of study on nanoparticle produced from black rice husk ash (BRHA) used as a replacement material in porous concrete pavement mixture. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the performance of porous concrete pavement containing nano black rice husk ash in terms of compressive strength, porosity and its correlation. A nano BRHA dosage of 10, 20, 30 and 40% by weight of binder was used throughout the experiments. Four different grindings of BRHA were examined, and it was found that BRHA ground had a nanoparticle between 64 nm to 85 nm. There appears to be an optimum replacement of approximately 10% nano BRHA, during which time the compressive strength and porosity increase significantly.
Investigating the Relationship between Site Supervision and IBS Based Construction Projects
Authors: Syamsyul Hairi M S , Wan Salleh W R , Rahman R A , Doh S I
Published: January 2020

Successful delivery of construction of Industrialized Building System (IBS) projects needs an effective supervisor’s that have a combination of strong technical, interpersonal, communication, and managerial skills. Unfortunately, a consistent finding is that there are many factors that affecting site supervision and most construction works are not delivered on time and consequently have a problem during installation of IBS. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to identify the factors affecting site supervision in improving IBS productivity. The study adopts a questionnaire survey approach to elicit information from the respondents, and out of the seventy questionnaires administered fifty-five were retrieved. The information and the data from the questionnaires were analyzed using the average index method. From the finding analysis, the main factors affecting site supervision is on-site construction process. While the main problem during installation of IBS is required planning on time delivery. It is recommended that the quality of IBS product or components should be enhanced to promote better site supervision
Carbonation Resistance of Concrete with Fly Ash as Fine Aggregate
Authors: Zhang D , Mao M , Yang Q , Lim K S
Published: January 2020

In order to investigate the carbonation resistance of concrete with fly ash as fine aggregate (CFA), the rapid carbonation test was conducted to explore the influence of the curing age, water-to-cement (w/c) ratio, fly ash replacement rate and the activator on the carbonation depth. The experimental results show that prolonging the curing time is beneficial to improving the carbonation resistance of the CFA. The carbonation depth of the CFA correlates positively with the w/c ratio. With an increase in the fly ash replacement rate and w/c ratio, the carbonation resistance of the CFA increases to a remarkable extent. After 28 days of standard maintenance of the CFA, the compactness of the CFA is boosted due to the pozzolanic effect of the fly ash, and its carbonation resistance is enhanced compared to that of ordinary concrete. In addition, the incorporation of the activator marginally contributes to the improvement of the carbonation resistance of the CFA.
Success Factors of Design-Build Public Sector Projects in Malaysia
Authors: Lee Z P , Rahman R A , Doh S I
Published: January 2020

Various procurement methods are employed in the construction industry, with each having varying success rates. The popularity of design and build (D-B) method has been increasing worldwide because its distinctive features of integrating design and construction have successfully addressed the problems inherent in the traditional design-bid-build (D-B-B) method. Previous research efforts in Malaysia have been focused on establishing a D-B strategy, including its challenges and risks and defining a broader scope for implementing D-B in public projects. However, not many empirical studies have identified the D-B success factors in Malaysia’s construction industry. This paper aims to determine the main factors attributing to the successful application of the D-B method for public projects in Malaysia’s construction industry. Specifically, this paper answers the main research question of “What are the success factors of the D-B project delivery method in Malaysian public-sector projects?”. To achieve that objective, this study involves interviewing industry practitioners that have direct hands-on experience in managing D-B public sector projects in Malaysia. The interview data are analyzed to identify the D-B success factors in construction projects. The findings suggest that the underlying factors for successful D-B public project include client capabilities, competency of the construction leader, competency of the consultant team, organizational behavior, and effective project management system. The success factors in each underlying categories are discussed in the paper. This paper contributes a better understanding of the D-B project success factors in Malaysia’s construction industry.
Experimental Study on After-Mixing Temperature Control of Concrete in Batching Plant Production
Authors: Shokravi Hooman , Moradi Shaghaghi Taleb
Published: January 2020

Calculation of the concrete temperature in production phase is an important parameter to control the concrete quality, confining inconsistencies, and costly corrections. In order to obtain after mixing temperature of concrete, the before mixing temperature and weight of the constituent material as well as the moisture contents of the aggregates are collected. Using heat balance equilibrium of the concrete material is an easy and widely used method to calculate after-mixing temperature of the concrete. ACI 306R-10 has presented an equation to calculate the concrete temperature based on thermal equilibrium of the constituents. To evaluate the performance of the equation in estimation of the concrete temperature an experiment is conducted. In the experimental site test results of the output from a batching plant is recorded and graphed. The results of the after induction temperature were calculated using the formula presented in ACI. However, the proposed equation predicts smaller temperature values compared to the actual ones. In the final step the reasons for deviation in the results was discussed and an equation is derived to calculate the concrete temperature for post-mixing stages. The obtained equation was tested on other data and the results show that the method could predict the results reliably.
Sustainable Material: Development Experiment of Bamboo Composite Through Biologically Binding Mechanism
Authors: Ridzqo I F , Susanto D , Panjaitan T H , Putra N
Published: January 2020

Bamboo as stems have been widely manufactured for composite. However, fiber as the smallest constituent component of bamboo stems supporting the strength and flexibility of the plant has not been widely employed as raw material. These strong and flexible properties, coupled with easy planting treatment and fast harvesting, apparently make bamboo highly potential developed as sustainable raw material for composite. Unfortunately, the current manufacturing process of bamboo for composite by using chemical substances would have ended bamboo up as no longer environmentally friendly. By utilizing lignocellulose content within its fiber, this research studied fabrication of a novel composite boards from bamboo fibers through biologically binding mechanism by using fungal mycelium. Gigantochloa apus bamboo stems are extracted into three types: long fibers, short fibers, and powder. Then, the bamboo fibers are added with water and some additional nutritions then sterilized together. These substrates are then inoculated with mycelium seed of Ganoderma lucidum. The fibers bound together along with the growth of mycelium. The result shows that this board is potential to be used for interior purpose in building especially high rise building with high need of light-weight insulation and partition board and expected to replace the need for building components that have been made from unsustainable raw materials and methods.
Assessing the performance of bio compost as soil media in extensive green roof
Authors: Fai Chow Ming , Bin Ahmad Azlan Ahmad Aiman
Published: January 2020

Composted green waste is a recycled material which can be produced locally, adding value to the environmental credentials of a green roof system. As the organic component of green roof growing media, composted green waste can contribute positively to the physical requirements as well as improve environmental performance. In addition it can contain nutrients for plant growth and survival. These will not typically be provided by an inert inorganic substrate and will help establish vegetation. This study is aimed to investigate the performance of bio compost as soil media in extensive green roof with respect to different composition. Runoff were tested for total suspended solids (TS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, and color measurements. The results showed that 50% of bio compost in soil media has the best performance in term of plant growth and runoff quality.
Consolidation Behaviour of Dredged Marine Soils Considering the Incorporation of Granular Drainage Layer
Authors: Johan S F S M , Chan C-M
Published: January 2020

The extraction of DMS from seabed along the Malaysian coastal generate millions cubic meters every year. Dredge-transport-dump the DMS at the specified open waters are unfavourable in context of environmental and geotechnical engineering. This paper describes consolidation behaviour of DMS using a modified large- oedometer with a layer of recycled granular materials such as palm oil clinker and recycled pavement materials. DMS were obtained to have high ratio of Wc with 3.27LL and considered as silty clay. A layer of drainage materials accelerates the rate of consolidation and changes in hydraulic conductivity, k of DMS. At the end of consolidation, both RPM and POC layer expediate the water from DMS and it becomes stiffer and structured.
Dynamic Serviceability of Lightweight Composite Deck as Floor System Under Human Excitation
Authors: Norhalim A F , Jaini Z M , Abd Ghafar N , Majid M A , Ahwang A
Published: January 2020

Lightweight composite deck is widely used as floor system due to the advantage of minimum weight as well as to speedy the construction process. There are numerous investigations on the structural behaviour of lightweight composite deck, but its reliability and understanding on dynamic serviceability remain ambiguous. Therefore, this study intents to numerically investigate the dynamic serviceability of lightweight composite deck as floor system. The lightweight composite deck with dimension of 2900 mm span and 900 mm was modelled in STAAD.Pro. The thickness of lightweight composite deck varied from 100 mm to 225 mm. The isotropic equivalent plate model and effective homogenous criterion were adopted for the geometry and material properties. Dynamic serviceability in term of natural frequency and displacement were analysed in corresponds to the thickness of lightweight composite deck. It is noticeable that by increasing the thickness led to the improvement in the natural frequency. In contrast, the displacement become smaller as the thickness become larger. It was identified that only the lightweight composite deck with thickness 200 mm and 225 mm comply the allowable limit.
Development of Self-compacting Fibre Reinforced Structural Mortar for Concrete Repair
Authors: Kaish A. B. M. A. , Sahari E. I. , Fong N. L.
Published: January 2020

Self-compacting or self-flowing fibre reinforced mortar (FRM) is required for strengthening of structural concrete utilizing cementitious composites. In this study, high- strength FRM with self-flowing properties is developed using high volume (50% by weight of cement) blended pozzolans and low-cost nylon fibre. A mixture of fly ash, slag and silica fume was used as blended pozzolan. Nylon fibre derived from conventional nylon rope was utilized as fibre in preparing FRM. Experimental results showed promising results in terms of strength. FRM with 2% nylon fibre was achieved maximum strength, which is as high as 91.32 MPa in 28 days. However, inclusion of fibre causes a decrease of workability in the fresh state. Incorporation of nylon fibre also helped to bridge the crack and thus increase the tensile properties of mortar. Significant improvement was observed in the failure pattern of the specimens while incorporated with nylon fibres. Therefore, this type of FRM can be utilised for concrete repair.
A Review on The Critical Influencing Factor for Life Expectancy (LE) and The Life Expectancy (LE) for Malaysian Housing
Authors: Norfarahayu K , Hairuddin M , Nor Haslinda A , Siti Khalijah Y
Published: January 2020

In 2013, there are two death cases reported due to the broken railing at the Projek Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) flats in the capital city of Malaysia. These cases occurred due to rusting of the balcony railing, which has been neglected in maintenance. These were the evidence of awareness lacking on the need for maintenance, which frequently only be realised at the latter stage of deterioration on house components. The situation aggravated when the house owners do not have any technical knowledge about defects and have zero building construction background, which later on resulting in less to none periodic assessment throughout the life expectancy (LE) of house components. Nevertheless, the absence of Malaysian study on the life expectancy of house components is deemed the centre of the predicament. Therefore, the paper aims to review the critical influencing factor for life expectancy (LE) and the Life Expectancy (LE) for Malaysian housing. Thus, a qualitative undertaking is conducted through multi-layered thematic analysis. As a result, there were eight influencing factors of life expectancy (LE) namely; weather and climate condition; design; maintenance and replacement; the intensity of use; quality of materials and products; technological obsolescence; workmanship; and insects damaged. Afterwards, within 114 number of generic house components, the findings indicated that there were differences of LE for house components; averaging from 14 years to more than 100 years. The particular differences also depend on the influencing factors of LE. These findings were then become the basis for the subsequent research endeavour.
Investigation of the Influence of the Cutout Dimensions on the Stress-strain State of Three-layer Shells with Load-bearing Layers of Composite Materials
Authors: Bakulin V N
Published: January 2020

The description of the model for investigation of the influence of rectangular dimensions in terms of cutouts on the stress-strain state (SSS) in the layers of three-layer conical shells is given. The finite element model is based on the layer-by-layer analysis approach and allows to perform calculations of SSS in shell layers in a wide range of changes in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the layers in the presence of cut-outs. The equations of the classical theory of shells at reception of effective approximations (leading to high speed of convergence of received results) and construction of finite-element model of moment bearing layers are used. The approach with application of the elasticity theory relations for a three-dimensional body in curvilinear coordinates and obtained approximations for construction of a finite element model of the filler layer is described. Influence of the cut-out mortar angle on the parameters of the three-layer shell with load-bearing layers of composite materials is investigated.
A General Principle of Isomorphism: Integration of Regulator and Observer in the Control System
Authors: Kulabukhov Vladimir S
Published: January 2020

The problem is considered and the formalized method of integration of the observer and the regulator in the tracking control system of object of rather arbitrary type is offered. The solution of the problem is carried out on the basis of the General principle of isomorphism. Unlike existing methods, the structure of the control loop is not predetermined. The control loop, the regulator and the observer are determined by the structure of the control object and are formed in a uniquely defined way based on the separation theorem.
Unified Approach to Solving the Trajectory Problem by Usage of Neural Maps
Authors: Kuvshinnikov V S , Kovshov E E
Published: January 2020

In modern robotics, there are many approaches to planning the trajectory of the portal manipulator. Methods based on the use of graphs, methods of potential fields, with the use of cellular decomposition, intelligent and others are used. Many varieties are based on similar mathematical apparatus. An important aspect of the trajectory search method applicability is convenience of chosen workspace and obstacles representation method. The approach proposed for manipulator path modelling implies a multi-level process, which includes periodic calculation and updating of invalid configurations set, considering the held cargo dimensions, a neural map creation and activation by the wave front propagation method etc. During experimental simulations with different activation functions, numbers of artificial neurons and synaptic connection implementation types, few methods of neural map activation have been considered, including flat and/or three-dimensional raster methods and wave propagation with static obstacles.
Determination of Aerodynamic Parameters in Various Conditions of Input Signal
Authors: Nikolaev S V , Moung Htang Om , Latt Kyaw Zin
Published: January 2020

In this paper, determination of aerodynamic parameters of the aircraft in various conditions of input signal which loses its signal after some times is discussed. Normally distributed random variables are utilized as the measurement noise. The results, which show the accuracy of estimation depending on the condition of input signal, are presented.
Hybrid Sensor for Determining the Angular Position
Authors: Tsatsin A A
Published: January 2020

The basic provisions of the approach to the creation of hybrid angular position sensors, the principle of output signal correction are considered.
Fire evacuation and patient assistance simulation in a large hospital building
Authors: Boonngam Hattaya , Patvichaichod Supat
Published: January 2020

This research studied the fire evacuation simulation and patient assistance who were unable to help themselves out a hospital building. The studied building is a high and large building as Thai law which was 10th floors on 90,842.18 square meters and able to accommodate 4,017 occupants that calculated by the NFPA 101 standard which simulated from 3evacuation cases. The experiment result found that all people can be moved out from the building within 3,048 seconds, 2,931 seconds, and 2,958.3 seconds respectively which didn’t over than the standard as High Building Controlled under Thai Law. The reason that time-limited needed as 1 hour when transferred the people out of the building because enhance the safety of people, especially critically ill patients. Thus, the researchers suggested more channels of evacuation through the elevators by testing for 2 situations. The result of 2situations showed that this method can be decreased the fire evacuation frill time as 2,073 seconds and 1,979.5 seconds respectively.
Aerodynamic optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle for offshore search and rescue (SAR) operation
Authors: Dol Sharul Sham
Published: January 2020

Workers on offshore oils rigs are constantly risking their lives due to the location of these rigs in the middle of the ocean. One of the biggest risks to these workers are falling from the rigs and drowning especially during bad weather. Operating UAVs can reduce the risks of injury, human errors and enhances inspections, surveying and emergency operations. The applications of UAVs in offshore tasks are discussed in this paper as well as the aerodynamic optimization of UAV’s propellers. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis and experimental procedures were conducted on multiple propeller alternatives to determine the drag and lift properties and selecting the optimal option based on the lift to drag ratio and desired output. The CFD analysis and the experimental test found that the medium sized (9.0 x 4.5 in) propellers were the optimal option with a drag to lift ratio of 1.75.
Constitutive modelling of high strength low alloy steel under hot compression test
Authors: Kingkam Wilasinee , Li Ning , Pang Hong , Zhao Cheng-zhi , He-xin Zhang , Li Zhi-ming
Published: January 2020

The HSLA steel was studied on an MMS-200 thermal mechanical simulation in the temperature range of 800-1100 °C and a strain rate range of 0.1-1 s−1. The isothermal hot compression tests were used to investigate the flow behaviour of HSLA steel and develop a constitutive equation based on an Arrhenius equation. A modification of Zener–Hollomon parameter was considering the strain rate compensation after hot compression for improve the accuracy of the developed constitutive equation. The comparison of the results shows that the experimental flow stress data are in good agreement with the predicted flow stress data. The average absolute relative error with a correlation coefficient was found to be 6.81% and 0.96, respectively.
Discovering malware based on co-clustering host-domain graphs
Authors: Zhang Wenqian , Niu WeiNa , Zhang Jinhong , Li Jingqi
Published: January 2020

Malware domain discovery based on passive DNS graph analysis supplements existing methods through DNS request and response data analysis. However, the method does not consider the IP relevance and the high complexity of the suspicious computing process. This paper proposes a malware domain discovery method based on passive DNS and IP relevance. The method calculates reputation score, which combines the shortest path from malicious domains to unknown domain with the malicious IP ratio to determine whether the domain malicious.
Egonet based anomaly detection in E-bank transaction networks
Authors: Wang Yuan , Wang Liming , Yang Jing
Published: January 2020

While most of the risks to online banking come from outside, some abnormal accounts can also cause losses to banks or their customers. In this work, we used a data set of 3,411,486 customers collected from a top Chinese bank to mine the abnormal accounts of online banking customers. In order to better express the transaction activities between user accounts, the concept of egonet is used to represent the account relationship in the transaction network. Then, we found that the characteristics of the egonet-based account model conform to the power law distribution, and based on this, anomaly detection is performed. When this method is applied to actual transaction data, we find abnormal account relationships from the data.
Dynamic searchable symmetric encryption schemes with forward and backward security
Authors: Huang Ke , Dong Xiaolei , Cao Zhenfu , Shen Jiachen
Published: January 2020

Dynamic searchable symmetric encryption (DSSE) is helpful to users with limited storage. In DSSE, the users are able to perform search and update queries on the ciphertext which stored on the cloud server. However, DSSE may suffer from file-injection attacks and leak information after deletion. In order to solve these problems, DSSE schemes with forward security and/or backward security have been proposed. In this paper, we propose two efficient DSSE schemes. The first one supports forward security using binary tree as the basic data structure. The second one uses puncturable encryption to achieve both forward and backward privacy.
Dynamic programming based energy management of HEV with three driving modes
Authors: Inuzuka Shota , Shen Tielong , Kojima Takafumi
Published: January 2020

We solve a optimization problem for HEV energy management. In this study, HEV system has three driving modes(EV, parallel, series parallel) with two motors, one engine and two clutches. We change this problem into a combination optimization problem by discretizing each torque as a variable. It is difficult to solve this problem because the combinations of variable are so many. To this hard problem, we solved it efficiently by using dynamic programming and applying steady-state approximation. It does not require much computation time, and a global approximate optimal solution can be obtained.
Experimental study of effects of type of injectors on the performance of gas generator of liquid rocket engine
Authors: Khan Taj Wali , Qamar Ihtzaz
Published: January 2020

The role of the injector is atomization and mixing. It dictates the size and geometry of the combustion chamber and gas generator. Experiments are conducted with water-cooled adjustable length gas generator for a liquid rocket engine with two types of injectors at a lower mixing ratio. Tests are conducted at characteristic length of 1.75 and 4.27 m. Liquid oxygen and kerosene are used as propellants. Single pressure swirl coaxial injector and three like doublet impinging injectors are used. Combustion performance is studied and compared on the base of characteristic velocity. Characteristic velocity is found high at short length but is found low at larger length for pressure swirl injector as compare to impinging injectors.
High precision displacement-measuring interferometer based on phase modulation technique and modulation index effect elimination
Authors: Tung Vu Thanh , Thang Vu Toan
Published: January 2020

A high precision displacement-measuring interferometer based on a phase modulation technique was developed. A PZT actuator was utilized to drive a mirror of a Michelson interferometer by applying a sinusoidal voltage to the PZT controller. The path difference between two arms of the interferometer was modulated leading to modulation in the phase of the interference signal with a frequency of 3 kHz. The first and second harmonics of the interference signal were detected at the modulation index of 2.63 rad, a special value when the values of the first and second orders of Bessel function are equal. The displacement was determined by the ratio of the first and second harmonic in which the effects of modulation index instability and intensity fluctuation were neglected. The phase modulation interferometer using a PZT actuator has no amplitude modulation effect compared with other modulation interferometers using EOM (electro-optics modulator) or modulation the injection current of a laser diode. Moreover, the direction of the displacement that was ambiguous of the traditional interferometers was clarified in a real time. A measurement precision of 60 nm was obtained using the phase modulation interferometer.
An anti-peep passcode keypad based on hybird image and fuzzy adaptive visual distance adjustment
Authors: Qu Hongchun , He Linsheng
Published: January 2020

Because traditional Android mobile phone passcode keypad without anti-peeping function, so we propose a kind of anti-peep code passcode keypad based on hybrid image and fuzzy adaptive visual distance adjustment. First, replace the key bitmaps with hybrid images to solve the problem that password keyboard doesn’t have anti-peeping function. Then, the fuzzy logic and adaptive principle are used to solve the user’s use problem. Finally, it is found through experiments that the time to refresh 10 hybrid images is between 0.38s and 0.48s, and the blur effect of the image can be automatically adjusted according to the distance. The results show that the anti-peep code keyboard makes up for the problem that the traditional passcode keypad has no anti-peeping function.
Microstructure and mechanical property of aluminium based die-cast alloy (ALDC6) for spider arm component
Authors: Heo Min , Babu J.S.S. , Bae Seongmo , Park Jun , Kan Chung Gil
Published: January 2020

In this paper aims on the development of aluminum alloy (ALDC6) using high pressure die casting (HPDC) for spider arm component in washer. Presently, ALDC3 alloy is commonly used for the fabrication of spider arm but it has poor corrosion resistance. ALDC6 alloy which has good corrosion resistance can be used as an alternative material for spider arm. However due to high Si (Silicon) content of 10wt% in ALDC3 alloy it has good castability compared to ALDC6 alloy with 1wt% of Si. Hence there is a need to modify the ALDC6 alloys by increasing the percentage of silicon and magnesium elements so as to improve the castability, strength and corrosion resistance. The optical microstructure of the developed ALDC6 alloy was investigated and its phases were detected by XRD analysis. It was found out that presence of Mg2Si in ALDC6 alloys is higher than that of the ALDC3 alloy. The microstructure and mechanical properties of ALDC6 alloys were evaluated and compared with existed ALDC3 alloys. The tensile strength and yield strength of the developed ALDC6 alloys has improved but elongation decreased. This implies that the spheroidal primary alpha grains and decrease in grain size due to the presence of Si and Mg within the alloy enhance the strength and yield stress.