bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical attenuation of early amyloid-induced cognitive impairment and synaptic plasticity in an aged APP/Tau bigenic rat model
Authors: Emmerson Joshua T. , Do Carmo Sonia , Lavagna Agustina , Huang Chunwei , Wong Tak Pan , Martinez-Trujillo Julio C. , Cuello A. Claudio
Published: December 2024

The combination of amyloid beta and tau pathologies leads to tau-mediated neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. However, the relative contributions of amyloid beta and tau peptide accumulation to the manifestation of the pathological phenotype in the early stages, before the overt deposition of plaques and tangles, are still unclear. We investigated the longitudinal pathological effects of combining human-like amyloidosis and tauopathy in a novel transgenic rat model, coded McGill-R-APPxhTau. We compared the effects of individual and combined amyloidosis and tauopathy in transgenic rats by assessing the spatiotemporal progression of Alzheimer’s-like amyloid and tau pathologies using biochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Extensive behavioral testing for learning and memory was also conducted to evaluate cognitive decline. Additionally, we investigated brain inflammation, neuronal cell loss, as well as synaptic plasticity through acute brain slice electrophysiological recordings and Western blotting. Evaluation of Alzheimer’s-like amyloidosis and tauopathy, at the initial stages, unexpectedly revealed that the combination of amyloid pathology with the initial increment in phosphorylated tau exerted a paradoxical corrective effect on amyloid-induced cognitive impairments and led to a compensatory-like restoration of synaptic plasticity as revealed by electrophysiological evidence, compared to monogenic transgenic rats with amyloidosis or tauopathy. We discovered elevated CREB phosphorylation and increased expression of postsynaptic proteins as a tentative explanation for the improved hippocampal synaptic plasticity. However, this tau-induced protective effect on synaptic function was transient. As anticipated, at more advanced stages, the APPxhTau bigenic rats exhibited aggravated tau and amyloid pathologies, cognitive decline, increased neuroinflammation, and tau-driven neuronal loss compared to monogenic rat models of Alzheimer’s-like amyloid and tau pathologies. The present findings propose that the early accumulation of phosphorylated tau may have a transient protective impact on the evolving amyloid pathology-derived synaptic impairments.
Controlled low strength material modified with lignosulfonate
Authors: Heo Yoon Geom , Son Dong Geon , Babatunde Quadri Olakunle , Byun Yong-Hoon
Published: December 2024

Controlled low-strength materials (CLSM) have been used for conventional backfilling and structural filling owing to their flowability, self-consolidating, and self-leveling features. This study investigates the rheological, mechanical, and dynamic characteristics of lignosulfonate-modified CLSM. The elemental analysis of lignosulfonate reveals the presence of various elements and an irregular morphology, as observed using a scanning electron microscope. A series of tests, including flow tests, Vicat needle tests, uniaxial compression tests, and shear wave monitoring, are conducted to evaluate the flowability, setting time, strength, and shear wave velocity of lignosulfonate-modified CLSM. The experimental results show that the flowability and initial and final setting times of the CLSM mixtures increase with increasing lignosulfonate content (LC), which improves workability in the field but results in a slight strength loss. Regarding the uniaxial compressive strength, CLSM mixtures with lower LC exhibit a rapid increase in strength during the early stages, while those with higher LC show higher performance on the 14th day of curing. In contrast, an LC of 0.21% led to a slight reduction in the strength on the 28th day. The current study also shows an exponential correlation between the uniaxial compressive strength and shear wave velocity.
Understanding deviations from original equipment manufacturers’ maintenance recommendations: reasons, barriers, and benefits
Authors: Okirie Ahiamadu Jonathan , Barnabas Mack , Ejomarie Ewomazino , Asomie Asomie Stephen
Published: December 2024

Understanding why maintenance professionals deviate from OEM maintenance recommendations is essential. These recommendations are crucial for ensuring equipment reliability, safety, and performance over its operational lifecycle. However, deviations from these guidelines are common and can occur for various reasons. This study seeks to enhance maintenance practices by analyzing the reasons for deviations (RFD) from OEM maintenance recommendations, identifying the barriers to adherence (BTA), and exploring the potential benefits (PB) of such deviations. To achieve this objective, a survey was conducted in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria, involving 105 maintenance personnel from three maintenance-intensive sectors: Oil and Gas, Energy, and Petrochemicals, the study achieved response rates of, 78%, 82%, and 92% respectively. Through qualitative evaluation of the response data, the research identified cost considerations and operational constraints as primary reasons for non-adherence to OEM guidelines. Respondents highlighted benefits such as cost savings and enhanced equipment availability, citing limited budgets and operational demands as significant barriers to compliance. Comparative analysis across the three deviant factors (RFD, BTA, and PB) underscores the dominance of cost-related factors and operational constraints in driving deviations, alongside technological influences, that both facilitate and impede adherence. Environmental and organizational factors, though influential, exhibit comparatively lesser impact. These findings highlight the significance of aligning maintenance practices with OEM recommendations. This alignment not only enhances equipment reliability and reduces operational risks but also has the potential to improve maintenance practices, foster innovation in the industry, and ultimately optimize equipment performance and reliability in industrial settings.
Indigenous–non-Indigenous disparities in health and social outcomes 5 years after first episode psychosis: national cohort study
Authors: Cunningham Ruth , Petrović-van der Deen Frederieke , Gibb Sheree , Crowe Marie , Manuel Jenni , Pitama Suzanne , Crengle Sue , Porter Richard , Lacey Cameron
Published: December 2024

Background

There are ethnic differences, including differences related to indigeneity, in the incidence of first episode psychosis (FEP) and pathways into care, but research on ethnic disparities in outcomes following FEP is limited.

Aims

In this study we examined social and health outcomes following FEP diagnosis for a cohort of Māori (Indigenous people of New Zealand) and non-Māori (non-Indigenous) young people. We have focused on understanding the opportunities for better outcomes for Māori by examining the relative advantage of non-Māori with FEP.

Method

Statistics New Zealand's Integrated Data Infrastructure was accessed to describe mental health and social service interactions and outcomes for a retrospective FEP cohort comprising 918 young Māori and 1275 non-Māori aged 13 to 25 at diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to examine whether social outcomes including employment, benefit receipt, education and justice involvement in year 5 differed by indigeneity.

Results

Non-Māori young people were more likely than Māori to have positive outcomes in the fifth year after FEP diagnosis, including higher levels of employment and income, and lower rates of benefit receipt and criminal justice system involvement. These patterns were seen across diagnostic groups, and for both those receiving ongoing mental healthcare and those who were not.

Conclusions

Non-Māori experience relative advantage in outcomes 5 years after FEP diagnosis. Indigenous-based social disparities following FEP urgently require a response from the health, education, employment, justice and political systems to avoid perpetuating these inequities, alongside efforts to address the disadvantages faced by all young people with FEP.
Fis1 regulates mitochondrial morphology, bioenergetics and removal of mitochondrial DNA damage in irradiated glioblastoma cells
Authors: Buckley Yuli , Stoll Maria S. K. , Hoppel Charles L. , Mears Jason A.
Published: December 2024

In response to external stress, mitochondrial dynamics is often disrupted, but the associated physiologic changes are often uncharacterized. In many cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM), mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed. Understanding how mitochondrial dynamics and physiology contribute to treatment resistance will lead to more targeted and effective therapeutics. This study aims to uncover how mitochondria in GBM cells adapt to and resist ionizing radiation (IR), a component of the standard of care for GBM. Using several approaches, we investigated how mitochondrial dynamics and physiology adapt to radiation stress, and we uncover a novel role for Fis1, a pro-fission protein, in regulating the stress response through mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance and altered mitochondrial bioenergetics. Importantly, our data demonstrate that increased fission in response to IR leads to removal of mtDNA damage and more efficient oxygen consumption through altered electron transport chain (ETC) activities in intact mitochondria. These findings demonstrate a key role for Fis1 in targeting damaged mtDNA for degradation and regulating mitochondrial bioenergetics through altered dynamics.
Fatty acid profiles and tolerance to temperature extremes in Daphnia pulex
Authors: Pecl Ivan , Blier Pierre U. , Dufresne France
Published: December 2024

Identification of physiological processes setting thermal tolerance limits is essential to describing adaptive response to temperature changes. We used the North American Daphnia pulex complex, which makes a remarkable model for comparative physiology as it is composed of clones differing in heat tolerance and ploidies, and with a wide geographic distribution. The fatty acid composition of 18 diploid and triploid D. pulex clones acclimated to 16°C and 24°C was measured and compared with their tolerance to extreme high and low temperatures (CTmax and CTmin, respectively). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) relative content showed a strong negative relationship with CTmax and a clear association with CTmin. Higher unsaturation and peroxidation indices were associated with better cold tolerance, whereas saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with lower cold tolerance. Triploid D. pulex clones accumulated more EPA and had lower CTmin than diploid clones (better cold tolerance). Triploid clones retained more omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids at high temperature. CTmax was positively correlated with CTmin, suggesting the existence of important constraints in temperature tolerance caused by fatty acid composition.
State crime
Authors: Χατζησπύρου Θεοφίλη
Published: December 2024

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή αποτελεί θεωρητική μελέτη του φαινομένου του κρατικού εγκλήματος στο πλαίσιο της παραδοσιακής εγκληματολογίας. Το κρατικό έγκλημα είχε αγνοηθεί εγκληματολογικά για μεγάλο χρονικό διάστημα, ενώ αργότερα, ως αντικείμενο έρευνας και μελέτης απασχόλησε κυρίως την κριτική εγκληματολογία και το διεθνές ποινικού δίκαιο. Η συγγραφέας με έρεισμα τα αμφισβητούμενα ζητήματα σχετικά με την απόδοση αυτουργικής ευθύνης σε ισχυρά πρόσωπα και οντότητες, επιδιώκει μια περιγραφή του κρατικού εγκλήματος κατάλληλη, ώστε να διευκολύνει την κατάδειξη και τον καταλογισμό των κυρίως υπεύθυνων και να συμβάλλει σε μελλοντικές δράσεις πρόληψης. Ακολουθώντας την παραδοσιακή εγκληματολογική θεώρηση το έγκλημα του κράτους γίνεται αντιληπτό ως γεγονός και αποτέλεσμα ανθρώπινης ενέργειας. Μεθοδολογικά η ανθρωποκεντρική θεωρητική αυτή προσέγγιση απομακρύνεται από κανονιστικά πλαίσια και προσανατολίζεται στην οντολογία, την κοινωνική πραγματικότητα και την περιγραφική διάσταση των εννοιών. Εξετάζονται διεξοδικά οι υπάρχοντες ορισμοί που αποδίδονται στο κρατικό έγκλημα, αλλά και οι έννοιες του εγκλήματος και του κράτους ξεχωριστά. Το εννοιολογικό σχήμα που παρουσιάζεται και προτείνεται, περιλαμβάνει ορισμό του κρατικού εγκλήματος, τυπολογία και αιτιολογία με τη μορφή ενός επεξηγηματικού μοντέλου. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, επιζήμιες δράσεις αρρύθμιστες νομικά αλλά που έχουν κινήσει το ενδιαφέρον της εγκληματολογίας, όπως η ανάμειξη του Διεθνούς Νομισματικού Ταμείου και της Παγκόσμιας Τράπεζας σε χρεωκοπημένες χώρες, αξιοποιούνται ως παράδειγμα για τη χρησιμότητα του προτεινόμενου ορισμού. Η μελέτη ολοκληρώνεται με την παρουσίαση ενός μοντέλου θεμελιωδών αρχών προς τον σκοπό της πρόληψης.
Η ηθική και η δεοντολογία της συντήρησης των δημόσιων τοιχογραφιών και της τέχνης του δρόμου (street art)
Authors: Χατζηδάκη Μαρία
Published: December 2024

Η ηθική και δεοντολογία της Συντήρησης των δημόσιων αστικών έργων, δηλαδή των δημόσιων τοιχογραφιών, της τέχνης του δρόμου (τέχνης του δρόμου) και του γκραφίτι είναι ένα νέο πεδίο έρευνας, που συγκεντρώνει αυξανόμενο επιστημονικό ενδιαφέρον, υπό την οπτική διαφορετικών γνωστικών πεδίων, χωρίς να έχει μέχρι στιγμής διερευνηθεί διεξοδικά. Συνδέεται με την γενικότερη τάση επανεξέτασης των αρχών της Συντήρησης των έργων τέχνης, όπως αυτή διαμορφώνεται σε μια διαδικασία διαλόγου με την κοινωνία, ιδιαίτερα στο περιβάλλον της πρόσφατης οικονομικής, κοινωνικής και πολιτικής κρίσης. Η τέχνη του δρόμου αλληλοεπιδρά με το ανθρωπογενές και το φυσικό περιβάλλον της, με αποτέλεσμα το υλικό αλλά και το νόημά της να υπόκεινται ταχύτατα σε αλλοιώσεις και εν τέλει σύντομα να εξαφανίζεται. Αφετηρία της έρευνας της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η αποσαφήνιση των χαρακτηριστικών των δημόσιων αστικών έργων και η σημασία του χώρου ως παράγοντα φθοράς αλλά και ερμηνευτικού στοιχείου. Διερευνάται ο ρόλος της Συντήρησης στην απόδοση αξιών, σε συνέργεια με την κοινωνία, τους πολιτικούς, επιστημονικούς και θεσμικούς φορείς, κατά τη μετάβαση από το μη σκόπιμο στο προστατευόμενο μνημείο. Οι επιλογές των μελετών περιπτώσεων που εξετάζονται καταδεικνύουν τη δυσκολία προσαρμογής γενικών ηθικών επιλογών της συντήρησης της πολιτισμικής κληρονομιάς και διαγράφουν την ανάγκη διαφορετικής οπτικής στην ιδέα της διατήρησης. Η φθορά και η απώλεια εκτιμώνται ως ερμηνευτικά εργαλεία, μέσα επικοινωνίας και κατανόησης. Η Συντήρηση προβλέπει τη μελέτη του έργου σε όλες τις φάσεις του κύκλου της ζωής του, από τη δημιουργία έως το τέλος του. Συγκροτείται έτσι, μια διαφορετική οπτική που εστιάζει στην επιστημονική, κοινωνική και εκπαιδευτική αξία των έργων, αντιμετωπίζοντας τις αστικές επιφάνειες ως ανοιχτά, σε εξέλιξη έργα, τη φθορά ως επικοινωνιακό εργαλείο γνώσης, τους θεατές και τη συντήρηση ως μέρος της ζωής των έργων. Η εμπλοκή του κοινού, η εκπαιδευτική αξία των έργων και η ανοιχτή Συντήρηση ως μέσο εκπαίδευσης, πρόληψης, προστασίας και ενίσχυσης της κοινωνικής αποδοχής, επεκτείνει τη Συντήρηση σε πολιτική πράξη και μέρος του διαλόγου για τη λειτουργία του κοινού χώρου.
Aristote, Heidegger
Authors: Κοντογιάννη Ελένη
Published: December 2024

Η παρούσα έρευνα επικεντρώνεται στην έννοια του χρόνου όπως θεματοποιήθηκε, αφενός, από τον Αριστοτέλη που μας κληροδότησε την αρχαιότερη μελέτη περί του χρόνου ως προς τη συστηματικότητά της, αφετέρου, από τον Heidegger που ενσωματώνει τη μελέτη του Αριστοτέλη στην επεξεργασία μιας νέας έννοιας του χρόνου, η οποία είναι αδιαχώριστη από το ερώτημα του είναι αυτού καθ’ εαυτό και προσδιορίζεται ως χρονικότητα. Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας έρευνας η ανασύσταση της αριστοτελικής έννοιας του χρόνου πραγματοποιείται υπό το διπλό πρίσμα της αριστοτελικής κοσμολογίας και ψυχολογίας και οδηγεί στα συμπεράσματα ότι για τον Αριστοτέλη: 1) ο χρόνος είναι η τυπική όψη της κίνησης, 2) ο χρόνος είναι η μαθηματική έκφραση της αντοχής του υποκειμένου της κίνησης. Παράλληλα, η εναντίωση του Heidegger στη μαθηματοποίηση της κίνησης μέσω του χρόνου σηματοδοτεί την πρωτοτυπία της προσέγγισής του: ο χρόνος προηγείται της κίνησης ως θεμέλιο της σύστασης της ύπαρξης, δηλαδή του φορέα της κίνησης. Ωστόσο, η σύνδεση που επιχειρεί ο Heidegger μεταξύ του χρόνου και του είναι αυτού καθ’ εαυτό αποδεικνύεται προβληματική, στο βαθμό που το ερώτημα του είναι αυτού καθ’ εαυτό συνεπάγεται την παράλειψη του υλικού παράγοντα από τον οποίο όμως εξαρτάται η υπάρχουσα οντότητα. Η παράλληλη μελέτη αυτών των δύο εννοιών του χρόνου οδηγεί στην ανεύρεση στον Αριστοτέλη μιας έρευνας που μπορούμε να χαρακτηρίσουμε ως «φαινομενολογική φυσική»: «φυσική» επειδή λαμβάνει υπόψη την ύλη∙ «φαινομενολογική» επειδή αναδεικνύει το συνανήκειν της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης και του σύμπαντος καθώς και την αλληλοσυμπλήρωση των μελών αυτού.
Random field modeling of the mechanical properties of composite materials based on their microstructure
Authors: Γαβαλλάς Παναγιώτης
Published: December 2024

Στη διατριβή αυτή διερευνάται η προσομοίωση των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων σύνθετων υλικών με τυχαία μικροδομή χρησιμοποιώντας στοχαστικά πεδία, αντιμετωπίζοντας τους περιορισμούς των ντετερμινιστικών μεθόδων στην αποτύπωση στοχαστικής συμπεριφοράς. Τα στοχαστικά πεδία χρησιμοποιούνται ως μεταβλητές εισόδου για την ανάλυση της διακύμανσης της απόκρισης κατασκευών από σύνθετα υλικά, στο πλαίσιο της μεθόδου στοχαστικών πεπερασμένων στοιχείων (stochastic finite element method). Μέσω τεχνικών απεικόνισης μικροδομής υψηλής ανάλυσης, όπως SEM και CT, διερευνάται η χωρική μεταβλητότητα των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων, όπως το μέτρο ελαστικότητας. Με την απευθείας εξαγωγή στοχαστικών πεδίων από αυτές τις εικόνες, η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος διασφαλίζει ακριβή προσομοίωση που αντικατοπτρίζει πραγματικές μικροδομές, χωρίς να βασίζεται σε αυθαίρετες στατιστικές κατανομές. Τεχνικές ομογενοποίησης χρησιμοποιούνται σε συνδυασμό με τη μέθοδο κινούμενου παραθύρου για τον υπολογισμό στοχαστικών πεδίων στη μεσοκλίμακα, τα οποία στη συνέχεια χρησιμοποιούνται για την ανάλυση της απόκρισης σε μακροσκοπικό επίπεδο. Το ερευνητικό έργο που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε αυτή τη διατριβή μπορεί να συνοψιστεί σε τέσσερα βασικά σημεία. Πρώτον, διερευνάται η διακύμανση της απόκρισης κατασκευών από σύνθετα υλικά, των οποίων οι μηχανικές ιδιότητες περιγράφονται από στοχαστικά πεδία με αβέβαιες παραμέτρους. Επιπλέον, μελετώνται οι μηχανικές ιδιότητες των νανοπλακιδίων γραφενίου (Graphene nanoplatelets - GNPs) που περιέχουν τυχαίες δομικές ατέλειεςκαι πραγματοποιείται λεπτομερής παραμετρική διερεύνηση της αβεβαιότητας που προκαλείται από τα αυτές. Επίσης, γίνεται υλοποίηση μιας μέθοδου ομογενοποίησης για τον υπολογισμό ισοδύναμων ιδιοτήτων κάμψης, η οποία στη συνέχεια αξιοποιείται για τον υπολογισμό στοχαστικών πεδίων ιδιοτήτων κάμψης βασισμένων σε πραγματικά δεδομένα εικόνων CT μικροδομής σύνθετου υλικού με κοντές ίνες. Τέλος, προτείνεται μια αποδοτική μέθοδος υπολογισμού στοχαστικών πεδίων, η οποία χρησιμοποιεί συνελικτικά νευρωνικά δίκτυα (Convolutional neural networks - CNNs) για τον άμεσο υπολογισμό στοχαστικών πεδίων από δεδομένα εικόνας, αποδεικνύοντας ότι εφαρμόζεται τόσο σε προσομοιωμένες όσο και σε πραγματικές μικροδομές σύνθετων υλικών. Στην παρούσα διατριβή, διερευνήθηκε λεπτομερώς η μέθοδος των στοχαστικών πεδίων που βασίζονται σε μικροδομές και αποκαλύφθηκε πώς μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για τη μελέτη της διάδοσης της αβεβαιότητας από τη μικροδομή στην μακροσκοπική απόκριση. Με τη διερεύνηση διαφόρων τύπων υλικών και την εισαγωγή εργαλείων μηχανικής εκμάθησης, όπως τα CNN, η έρευνα αυτή έχει σημαντική συνεισφορά στην ανάλυση και τον σχεδιασμό ετερογενών υλικών.
The Konark Temple’s Construction: A Critical Review of the Historical, Cultural, and Scientific Evidence
Authors: Bahinipati Susanta , Ranjan Biswal Dipti , Suar Damodar
Published: December 2024

Drawing from historical accounts, cultural practices, archaeological discoveries, and indigenous technical knowledge, the research presents a critical review of varied aspects of the construction of the Konark temple and presents future research directions. To fulfill the purpose, documents were sourced from Scopus, Google Scholar, and ancient texts and palm leaves. Findings suggest the legacy of Narasimhadeva I, the Hindu monarch who remained undefeated during his reign, safeguarded the kingdom from encroaching Muslim rulers. The narrative highlights the bravery of a faithful elephant that revived the king on the battlefield. The Konark temple was built with the dual purpose of showcasing the glory of his victory and devotion to the Sun God. The ancient artisans’ knowledge, skills, and commitment were crucial in erecting this tallest temple structure. The investigation further illuminates the use of sea routes for transporting monumental stones, the ingenuity in laying the temple’s foundation, the selection of high-grade stones, the monumental task of lifting colossal stones, like the world’s heaviest stone hoisted to a height of about two hundred feet, the use of rust-resistant iron, and the application of advanced astronomical knowledge by ancient artisans. The study provides insights into ancient engineering ingenuity, encouraging further exploration of the enduring legacy of the Konark temple’s construction.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF SOCIAL COMPETENCE OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN SCHOOL
Authors: Koltsova I. V. , Minakova A. S.
Published: December 2024

The article examines aspects of social competence, as well as its state in modern primary school students. During the theoretical study, the features of the modern educational school were highlighted. The psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of a social.
Deviantology of public administration
Authors: Ponkin Igor
Published: December 2024

The textbook presents the key fundamentals and concepts of the theory of public administration. It is an addition to the author's textbook "Theory of Public Administration". The key theoretical issues and actual problems of the thematic horizon of deviantology of public administration are revealed. The content of the reference legal acts and documents is presented, the existing scientific concepts and approaches, the content of scientific discussions are shown.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for undergraduates in the areas of training 38.04.04 "State and Municipal Administration" and 40.04.01 "Jurisprudence", for relevant specialty programs, students of Master of Public Administration (MPA) programs, graduate students and doctoral students, lawyers, managers, management personnel.
The criminal legal significance of compensation for damage caused by a crime: theoretical and practical aspects
Authors: Shumakov Sergey
Published: December 2024

The monograph outlines the theoretical foundations of the institution of compensation for damage caused by a crime, clarifies the concept, signs and types of damage caused by crimes, establishes constitutional and international legal prerequisites for ensuring compensation for damage caused by a crime. The influence of compensation for damage caused by a crime on the recognition of the committed act as insignificant, on the statement of voluntary renunciation of the crime is revealed; patterns of influence of the fact of compensation for damage on the release of a person from criminal liability are established; The problems of the influence of compensation for damages on the imposition of punishment and release from it are considered. The paper identifies miscalculations in the regulatory regulation of these issues, analyzes the latest trend to expand the range of norms providing for compensation for damage in a special part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and makes recommendations to solve the problem of systematization of damage compensation orders.
The monograph is addressed to students, postgraduates, teachers, researchers of law schools and scientific institutions, and anyone who is interested in issues of criminal law compensation for damage caused by a crime.
The history of the formation of Russian criminology
Authors: Bessonov Aleksey , Truncevskiy Yuriy , Shmonin Andrey
Published: December 2024

The monograph is devoted to the formation of Russian criminology. A brief description of the main trends in the emergence of criminology as a science of the "realities of criminal law", the development of the main areas of criminal law, within which methods, techniques and technologies of experimental studies of the criminal's personality, as well as scientific and technical means of investigating crimes were developed: the gradual development of organizational forms and the results of scientific research in the field of criminology in the context of the contribution of individual criminologists from the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law to the development of this scientific field.
The monograph is intended for legal scholars and practitioners, teachers, students and postgraduates of law schools and faculties, as well as for a wide range of readers interested in the history of Russian legal science.
Economic and legal education and public education: importance, significance, implementation practices.
Authors: Garazha Nataliya , Kovaleva Irina , Rostorgueva Natal'ya , Strizhak Marina , ​Grammova Elena , Egorov Maksim , Marceva Tat'yana , Zayarnaya Irina , Voblaya Irina , Rzun Irina
Published: December 2024

The monograph presents the experience gained from the participation of the Novorossiysk branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation as a regional operator in a federal project designed to improve financial literacy among the adult population. The methods of knowledge transfer, skills development on the basics of legal, economic (including financial) education, and education of the population are considered. The main problems are identified and modern practices are proposed to raise the level of literacy among the adult population.
It can be useful for undergraduates and undergraduates of economic and legal fields of higher education institutions; for IT specialists; for volunteers engaged in educational work, and for a wide range of interested persons.
Modeling of products and processes in CAAP systems
Authors: Bozhko Arkadiy
Published: December 2024

Assembly of industrial products is one of the most difficult and responsible stages of modern discrete manufacturing. Many modern products consist of a large number of parts and are characterized by high structural complexity. The development of technological processes for the assembly of such machines or devices is impossible without the use of modern information technologies.
The monograph is devoted to the mathematical support of computer-aided design systems for assembly processes. Modeling of structural and geometric properties of complex technical systems is discussed in detail. The methods of automated synthesis of such important design solutions as the sequence of assembly/disassembly and decomposition of the product into assembly units are described.
It is of interest to specialists in the field of design automation, geometric modeling, applied mathematics and programmers.
Confederations of the past and present: historical and legal analysis
Authors: Makutchev Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

The monograph is devoted to the study of confederation as a form of government. Based on the analysis of the historical experience of the formation, functioning and disintegration of confederations, the author concretizes the characteristic features of confederations, provides a variant of the classification of confederations, and also highlights the prerequisites for the formation and factors of the disintegration of the most significant confederations of the world from antiquity to the present day, which became the basis for assessing the viability and prospects of this form of government.
It is intended for all those interested in the world history of state and law, including students and teachers of higher and secondary vocational educational institutions.
ASSESSING FUTURE TEAM EFFICIENCY USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Semina Anastasiya , Fedotova M.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to a new approach to assessing team productivity at different stages of a project. Based on the use of artificial intelligence and cognitive modeling, it is proposed to evaluate the project team. This technique allows us to form a team for a project or evaluate an existing team. In addition, after assessing the team, the authors proposed solutions for training team members to increase team effectiveness. Particular attention is paid to the evaluation funnel and formation of the project team, as well as the creation of a cognitive map of the project.
INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS: SERVICE OR STRATEGIC BUSINESS FUNCTION
Authors: Suleymanova D. , Molodchik N.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the concept of an internal communications system, defines the role and tasks of internal communications in the development of the company, describes the signs of internal communications when using them in an organization as a service function and as a strategic business function. The objectives of the implementation of the internal communications system at enterprises are listed, as well as the rules for achieving the set goals. The arguments demonstrating the advantages of building an internal communications system in the format of a strategic business function are presented; the influence of this metaphunction on increasing the competitiveness of the company, as well as on the most important business indicators in the field of human resource management, is revealed.

The practices of Russian companies with successful experience in implementing/improving the internal communications system in order to solve specific organizational goals are studied. In the examples of companies, the internal communications system is considered as a strategic business function.
A Comparative Study on the Joint Coordination of Archery Athletes of Different Skill Levels: Based on Functional Data Analysis
Authors: Zhang Baifa , Lin Zhi-Cheng
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Joint coordination is a critical factor influencing high-quality technical movements. By analyzing the changes between joints through functional data analysis, characteristic parameters can be derived. This study employs functional data analysis to explore the differences in joint coordination characteristics among archery athletes at various skill levels, offering a new perspective for coaches and athletes to analyze specific movement techniques.
Methods: Twenty-eight archery athletes were selected as subjects, including eight international master athletes, twelve national first-level athletes, and eight national second-level athletes from Chinese national and province team. An infrared light spot motion capture system was utilized to gather kinematic parameters during the archery shooting process. Functional data analysis was employed to determine the upper limb joint coordination characteristic parameters of athletes at different skill levels. 
Results: Archery athletes at different levels exhibit three types of joint coordination characteristics between the shoulder and elbow joints during the drawing and aiming phases. The first type of joint coordination characteristic shows statistical differences across levels (P=0.03). These differences are primarily due to the following: 1) For international master athletes, the movement speeds of the shoulder and elbow joints both peak in the early phase of drawing; 2) The range of coupled motion between the shoulder and elbow joints is higher in the early phase of drawing and lower in the latter half, and consistently lower during the aiming phase; 3) The duration of the drawing phase is shorter.
Conclusion: Functional data analysis effectively captures the differences in upper limb joint coordination characteristics among archery athletes at various levels. Superior athletes typically exhibit synchronous shoulder-elbow joint movements, enhanced feedforward capabilities, and a quicker rhythm of movement.
The Role of Hydrolyzed Collagen in Combating Skin Aging: A Literature Review
Authors: Kopczyńska Ewelina , Kulej Piotr , Korgiel Matylda , Ciołkosz Michał , Biesiada Wiktor , Skoczeń Agnieszka , Kulesza Michał , Kopczyński Mateusz , Woźniak Justyna
Published: December 2024

Introduction 
Skin aging has become an increasingly common issue. As time passes, the skin undergoes degenerative changes, including the loss of elasticity and reduction in collagen content. In this context, the use of nutricosmetics as supplements has increased in recent years. Numerous scientific studies have shown the benefits of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation in improving the signs of skin aging. In this article, we summarize some of the most promising studies available in the literature and evaluate the effectiveness of oral collagen supplementation in the context of skin health.  
Purpose of the work: This study aims to review and characterize the effectiveness of hydrolyzed collagen in the skin anti-aging process. 
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive analysis of research papers available on PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase was conducted using search terms including the following keywords: hydrolyzed collagen, supplementation, skin aging, anti-aging. 
Results: Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation has been shown to improve skin elasticity, hydration, and reduce wrinkles. Although generally safe and well-tolerated, minor side effects have been reported in some cases. An individualized approach to supplementation, along with ongoing research to optimize dosages and formulations, is essential. Future studies should focus on understanding the long-term effects of collagen supplementation, exploring its impact on different demographic groups, and comparing the efficacy of various collagen sources, such as marine and bovine collagen.
Comparative Analysis of Shooting Consistency Among Archers of Different Skill Levels
Authors: Zhang Baifa , Lin Zhi-Cheng
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical and electromyographic factors underlying shooting consistency among archers of different skill levels, providing insights into performance optimization and training strategies. Methods: The study analyzed 28 left-handed archers, including elite, mid-level, and novice athletes. Using an eight-camera infrared motion capture system and a wireless surface EMG system, kinematic and muscle activity data were collected for key upper limb muscles during two action phases: drawing and aiming. Coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated for both kinematic and EMG parameters, and statistical analysis was conducted to compare the groups. Results: Elite and mid-level archers exhibited significantly lower CVs in key kinematic parameters (e.g., shoulder abduction) and muscle activation consistency during the drawing phase compared to novices. Differences in muscle activation were most pronounced in the flexor muscle groups. These findings highlight the critical role of movement consistency in archery performance. Conclusion: Greater consistency in kinematic and muscle activation patterns distinguishes higher-skilled archers, particularly during the drawing phase. These results emphasize the importance of targeting movement consistency and coordination in training programs to enhance performance in precision sports like archery.
Igneous Rock Associations 30. Intratelluric Versus Subaerial Nucleation and Growth of Phenocrysts in Basaltic Lava Flows
Authors: Ross Martin E.
Published: December 2024

Phenocrysts in porphyritic lava flows are generally considered to have grown under conditions of slow magma cooling within source reservoirs at depth. The matrix (i.e. groundmass) surrounding the phenocrysts is assumed to form under rapid cooling conditions subsequent to eruption of the residual liquids at the surface. Alternatively, it has been demonstrated experimentally that phenocrysts could grow subaerially in basaltic lavas cooled at constant, linear rates. It has been suggested this mechanism could explain the correlation of porphyritic textures with unusually thick canyon-filling flows of Columbia River Basalt. Field and petrographic data supports intratelluric nucleation and growth of plagioclase phenocrysts in three lavas of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG).  The distinction is important because the typical basaltic phenocryst paragenesis (plagioclase, followed by olivine, then augite), if produced under surface conditions, cannot be used to test fractional crystallization models in magma reservoirs of the Columbia River Basalt Group or any other lavas.  Ideally, to test the hypotheses of subaerial vs. intratelluric (subsurface) growth of phenocrysts, both intrusive (i.e. dykes) and extrusive samples crystallized from the same liquid need to be examined to compare sizes and abundances of phenocrysts. If phenocryst growth occurs only subaerially, then a lava flow should contain more phenocrysts than its intrusive counterpart. In the case of nucleation and growth in both a dyke and its flow, the flow still would contain more phenocrysts due to grains formed in the dyke being added to those formed in the flow.   Detailed modal and grain size data were collected for three dyke-flow pairs of CRBG by the author and provide an excellent opportunity to compare intrusive and extrusive textures. These findings along with XRF major and trace element data indicate that the phenocrysts in these lavas must have grown within the magma reservoir and not at the surface. A model is proposed that explains the variation of phenocryst distribution laterally within a lava as an interplay of variations of magma flow and the underlying paleo-topography.
The southern area of dialects of the Nadvirna region of Ivano-Frankivsk oblast
Authors: Kyslyak Lesya
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the areaological study of the dialects of the settlements of Nadvirna township of Ivano-Frankivsk oblast. The source of the research is the author's atlas of the Nadvirna area dialects, which includes analytical maps of the distribution of individual linguistic phenomena of different structural levels and generalised synthetic maps that define the boundaries of the dialects that are in contact in the Nadvirna area. Observations upon own maps and their comparison with maps drawn up in different periods made it possible to trace the dynamic processes that took place in the dialects and to predict changes in the future to a certain extent. The post-mapping interpretation made it possible to divide the dialects of Nadvirna area into two zones: northern and southern, which is occupied by Hutsul dialects. Based on the consolidated maps of isoglosses that delimit Hutsul areas, it was found that the highest Hutsul isoglosses rise to the conditional line Hvizd – Myrne – Nazavyziv – Parishche – Hlynky, and the lowest in the south they pass along the conditional line Zelena – Dora – Chornyi Potik. The most overlapping isoglosses of Hutsul dialects south of Nadvirna area are in the section Pasichna – Mozolivka – Strymba – Loieva – Delyatyn – Zarichchia – Chornyi Potik – Chorni Oslavy. The dialects located to the south of the conditional line Pasichna – Mozolivka – Strymba – Loieva – Delyatyn – Zarichchia – Chornyi Potik – Chorni Oslavy are typical Hutsul dialects, which correlates with the conclusions of Hutsul dialect researchers J. Zakrevska, M. Bihusiak, T. Yastremska, and others. In the structure of Hutsul dialects, the western group of Hutsul dialects located in the upper reaches of the Bystrytsia Nadvirna River and the eastern or Yaremche zone are distinguished.
Mykola Khanenko’s «Diary» through the prism of ecclesionymy
Authors: Denysiuk Vasyl , Zelinska Oksana
Published: December 2024

The proposed article touches on an understudied problem in Ukrainian linguistics – religious onomastics, in particular one of its types – the names of buildings of religious worship. The purpose of the article is to find out the semantic and structural features of the ecclesionyms that M. Khanenko used in his diary entries. The set goal determined the following tasks: 1) to find out the essence of the concept of «ecclesionym», 2) to determine the structural parameters of ecclesionyms, 3) to analyze the author’s specificity of using ecclesionyms as a means of nominating topological objects. To achieve the declared goal, the main contextual, comparative, descriptive methods, the method of discourse analysis and structural-grammatical modeling were used. In Ukrainian studies, the status of ecclesionyms does not have an unambiguous interpretation. They are the creations of man, they can indicate a locus by their name, they present the spiritual dimension of society, syncretizing in themselves the pragmo-, ethno-, cultural-, and toposphere. The toponymic component in an ecclesionym is mostly diffuse, implicit, and requires additional background knowledge to understand the object in question, which, in turn, moves ecclesionyms to the periphery of the core of the onimic space, however, the frequency of use, determined by the religiosity or artistic intention of the author, can move this a class of onims into the nuclear zone. The conducted research illuminates that M. Khanenko actively used the lexemes церковь (church) and монастырь (monastery) for the nomination of buildings of religious worship, which in a broad context can be used independently to avoid tautology, which, on the one hand, manifests such a feature of them as variability. In the text of the diary discourse, which is on the border of artistic, business, and epistolary styles, ecclesionyms function both in full, official, and in a reduced, unofficial form. The full form of ecclesionyms in the «Diary» is sporadically represented by the model «церковь + во имя + Genitive (attribute + saint’s name)», while the transformed model «церковь + Genitive of the name of the saint» functions in the structural varieties: a) N1 + Adj + N2; b) N1 + N2 + N3; c) N1 + Adj + N2 + N3 + N4. There have been cases of reduction of the model to two components, transformation of the key component of the model into an attributive form, which together with the common name form an attributive-substantive combination that functions as a synonym-propriative. Ecclesionyms with the appellative монастырь (monastery) form a single attributive-substantive model (with direct and reverse order of components), where the attributive component is mainly formed from a toponym.
Academic Freedom of the Teacher in the New Ukrainian School as a Resource for Professional Development
Authors: Kurysh Nataliia
Published: December 2024

The article substantiates the relevance of teachers’ academic freedom, driven by regulatory and legal frameworks, as well as contemporary societal challenges and needs. An analysis of the legal framework, pedagogical literature, and scientific works of Ukrainian researchers addressing the issue of academic freedom of educators is conducted. The key components of academic freedom are identified, including: freedom of teaching; freedom from interference in pedagogical, educational, and scientific activities; the independent choice of forms, methods, and teaching tools consistent with the educational program; pedagogical initiative; the development and implementation of authorial educational programs, projects, methodologies, and technologies, particularly those emphasizing competency-based learning; and the freedom to choose educational programs, forms of study, educational institutions, organizations, and other entities providing professional development and retraining for educators. The author presents her research on the opportunities for implementing academic freedom in response to current societal challenges and proposes practical tools for applying the key components of academic freedom in the context of educational reform. The advantages of institutions of postgraduate pedagogical education in facilitating teachers’ academic freedom are substantiated. These institutions are seen as enabling professional development through the integration of formal, non-formal, and informal education.
The Issue of Teacher Education and Training of Future Teachers Abroad in the Reception of Ukrainian Comparative Studies
Authors: Snitovska Olha
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the systematization and analysis of representative studies on the development of higher teacher education and the professional training of future teachers abroad. It identifies trends, achievements, and challenges in studying this issue by Ukrainian comparativists. Through exploratory research, more than 270 works addressing the problem were identified. The logic and sequence of historiographical analysis were determined based on parameters such as the subject of research, its country-specific focus, chronological framework, structural-content orientation, as well as commonalities and distinctions reflecting the contributions of individual authors to the study of the issue. The main trends and dynamics of research development on this topic are revealed. In the 1990s and early 2000s, studies predominantly focused on broad subjects defined by categories such as «system», «trend», «development», «reform», and «modernization» of teacher education. The historiographical process evolved from «general» to «specific», with researchers in the 2010s–2020s concentrating on the study of professional and didactic foundations and approaches to teacher training, including implementation through specific educational programs and specialties. The geographical scope of research expanded: alongside European countries and the USA, from the 2010s, the Asian region gained increased attention. It is demonstrated that despite the «traditional» structural-content framework established by Ukrainian comparative studies and the focus of authors on similar research topics, Ukrainian comparative education has accumulated valuable and original experience in studying national teacher education systems.
Strategy for the formation of artistic and project competence in the practice of designer training
Authors: Shpetnyі Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article defines the relevance of the formation of artistic and project competence in higher educational institutions of design, which is due to a number of factors, namely: changes in modern society, the development of technologies, market requirements and the need to train specialists capable of creative thinking and practical application of their knowledge. It is noted that for the formation of artistic and project competence, design thinking is extremely important, which is focused on meeting the needs of users of design products. It is proved that the method of formation of artistic and project competence includes theoretical and practical components (theoretical concepts, professional disciplines and tools for practical work), focused on achieving a high level of skill in artistic and project activity. It is emphasized that artistic and project activity in the context of educational activity is a process that combines creative thinking and practical application of knowledge to create artistic or design projects. This type of activity is an important aspect of education, especially in designoriented universities, and is focused on developing the skills of planning, creative problem solving, analysis and presentation of their own ideas with education applicants. A number of abilities have been identified that testify to the formation of the artistic and project competence of the future design specialist. The strategy of formation of artistic and project competence is revealed, which contains the main elements, including: educational preparation, development of creative and critical thinking, reflection, ability to work in a team, etc. It is noted that in general, this competence is realized through creativity, the ability to analyze and interpret artistic images, understanding of aesthetic principles, as well as practical skills in the implementation of artistic ideas through various means, such as painting, graphics, design, multimedia and other forms of artistic activity. Aspects of the implementation of the strategic plan of the project and its presentation are characterized. A number of methods used in the practical activities of the teacher remain key to form artistic and project competence: project method, problem learning; master classes and workshops, etc.