bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes mellitus and the role of parental genetics in the emergence of the disease
Authors: Al Qurabiy Heyam Emad ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq, Abbas Ihab Majeed ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq, Hammadi Aboo-Thar Ali ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq, Mohsen Farah Kadhim ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq, Salman Rasha Ibrahim ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Kut University College, Al-Kut, Iraq, Dilfy Saja Hussain ,   Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, Wasit University, Al-Kut, Iraq,   Saja Hussain Dilfy, Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, Wasit University, Al-Kut, Iraq. E-mail: sajabio2019@gmail.com
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to assess the role of paternal genetics in the development of diabetic mellitus (DM) and determine the impact of DM on the urinary system by investigating the percentage of patients with urinary tract infection (UTI). The study included 100 people with DM; their ages ranged from 5 to 83 years. The DM and blood sugar levels were diagnosed clinically and at a laboratory in Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital and the outpatient clinics. The age, gender, and causes of DM and the family history of diabetes were reported. Isolation and identification of bacterial species were made depending on culture media and biochemical tests. The average age of patients was 47.7±5.5, and most of them were female (67%). The incidence of DM increased with age, and the main cause of DM was likely to be a genetic predisposition (family history), where 32% of patients appeared to have a positive family history and the presence of DM in both parents or only the mother had a significant role in increasing the genetic predisposition of developing DM. Among the non-genetic causes of DM, the most common was exposure to sudden psychological or nervous shock (41%). Obesity also had an important role in the development of diabetes, and also pregnancy and smoking. Moreover, 66% of patients with type 2 DM and all with type 1 DM suffered from UTIs. The main causative agents were E. coli (60%) and Proteus spp. (13%). The majority of patients suffering from UTIs (73%) were females. In conclusion, type 2 DM is the most common, especially in females, and increases with age. The main cause of DM was family genetic predisposition and sudden shocks. The current study also showed that most diabetic patients suffered from UTIs, especially females, and the main causes of UTI inflammation are E. coli isolates.
Cloning & expression of SAK enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus in E. coli BL21-CodonPlus
Authors: Muttar Arafat ,   1 Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, Iraq,   Arafat Muttar, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: arafataam3@yahoo.com, Numan Intesar Tarik ,   2 Pharmacy Department, AL-Huda University College, Al Anbar, Iraq,   Intesar Tarik Numan, Pharmacy Department, AL-Huda University College, Al Anbar, Iraq. E-mail: intesartaee@yahoo.com
Published: November 2022

Staphylokinase (SAK), also known as staphylococcal fibrinolysin, is a protein with a molecular mass of about 15 kDa produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylokinase is synthesized in the late exponential phase, similar to streptokinase. The current study identified and predicted the protein SAK from Staphylococcus aureus. SAK is a fibrinolytic enzyme of the third generation that acts as an indirect activator of plasminogen. The current study cloned and expressed SAK protein isolated from Staphylococcus aureus and used in the form of a grid for enhancement of SAK Catalyst with PCR, disengagement, and change into articulation vector PET24b(+). The recombinant plasmid was changed into E. coli strain BL21 (codon additionally to 440) acceptance with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG).
Tuberculosis of the eye, case series study
Authors: Abd Zeena Adnan ,   Surgery Department, Ophthalmology Unit, School of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,   Zeena Adnan Abd, Surgery Department, Ophthalmology Unit, School of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: zeenaadnan@yahoo.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9100-504X
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis of the eye represents a challenge throughout the world, and there is a continuous debate about its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The present research represents an interventional prospective study focusing on the variable clinical presentations, and the diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of ocular tuberculosis. Fifteen eyes from nine cases were diagnosed with ocular tuberculosis, treated, and followed up between 2010 and 2020. The diagnosis was based on (1) a compatible clinical picture, (2) highly positive Tuberculin skin test or a positive IGRA test (Interferon-Gamma Release Assays), (3) a dramatic response to anti-tuberculous drugs without systemic steroid. Mean age was 41.22±13.64 years; eight cases were females 89.8%, one male 11.1%. Only one case had preexisting pulmonary tuberculosis. Bilateral ocular involvement occurred in two thirds of cases (66.7%). The most common clinical presentation was intermediate uveitis (33.3%), followed by multifocal choroiditis (20%). All cases were cured without relapse for the 2–10 years of follow-up, after taking oral anti-tuberculous drugs for 6–12 months. No systemic steroids were given, only topical steroid drops, as indicated. In conclusion, ocular tuberculosis is a mysterious condition with a wide-range of clinical presentations and should be considered in the differential diagnoses of any type of intraocular inflammation, or any unexplained reduction in vision. Oral anti-tuberculous drugs with or without topical steroids are sufficient to improve vision, produce, cure, and prevent relapse.
Sonoelastography evaluation in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology combined with chronic endometritis in infertile women
Authors: Kostiantynivna Orishchak Iryna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine,   Iryna Kostiantynivna Orishchak, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. E-mail: Irynahenyk@gmail.com, Mykhailivna Makarchuk Oksana ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Ivanivna Henyk Nataliia ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology named after I. Lanovyi, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Mykolaivna Ostrovska Oksana ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Myroslavivna Havryliuk Halyna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

Endometrial pathology, including hyperplastic processes in the structure of reproductive disorders, occupies one of the leading places along with inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, contributing to infertility in 80% of cases and irregular menstrual cycle in 40–43%. This study aims to optimize the diagnostic algorithm in patients with endometrial hyperplasia combined with chronic endometritis and determine qualitative indicators of compression sonoelastography in patients with endometrial pathology and infertility. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 90 infertile patients aged 25 to 45 years with endometrial hyperplasia combined with chronic inflammation, retention cysts, and benign ovarian tumors was carried out. The results of clinical-laboratory and complex ultrasound examination with compression sonoelastography were compared with the data of pathomorphological and immunohistochemical studies. A high percentage of pelvic inflammatory disease (55.0%), benign lesions of the cervix (67.5%), hyperplastic processes of the myometrium (37.5%), an increasing number of polyps by 2.9 times, leiomyomas and adenomyosis – by 2.3 times (p<0.05) was established. In the case of a combination of endometrial hyperplasia and ovarian cysts, a high percentage of comorbidity of gynecological pathology is verified (37.8%), and the use of compression sonoelastography allows to establish class II and class III elastograms in 91.1% of cases which characterize benign endometrial lesions, reduce the number of false-positive results in 95.6% of cases, correctly interpret the nature of pathological changes and increase the sensitivity of ultrasound techniques.
Complex assessment of immunosuppression effects in prevention and treatment of adhesive disease, an experiment
Authors: Auzhanov Dauren ,   1 Department of Hospital Surgery, Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan,   Dauren Auzhanov, Department of Hospital Surgery, Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan. E-mail: dauren.auzhanov@nao-mus.kz, Aimagambetov Meirbek ,   1 Department of Hospital Surgery, Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan, Omarov Nazarbek ,   1 Department of Hospital Surgery, Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The cause of all small bowel obstruction in 60–75% of cases is adhesive development. The first and main method for adhesion prevention is undoubtedly the surgical technique, but the prevention of adhesive development is still actual. We aimed to study macroscopic and microscopic peculiarities of the intestine, peritoneum, and scars of the anterolateral abdominal wall. Also, immunological blood changes were observed in rats with the experimental created adhesive disease on the background of azathioprine introduction. The experiment was conducted on 40 rats divided into 2 subgroups: 20 animals as an experimental group (EG1) and 20 as a control group (CG1). Animals from EG received azathioprine (Moshimerampreparaty named by N.A. Semashko, Russia) in a dosage of 1 mg/100g of weight once a day for the first 3 days (starting from the day of surgery). The control group did not receive any drugs. All 40 rats survived the postoperative period. Rats were removed from the experiment on the 7th day after the operation. There were significant statistical differences in most indicators between the experimental and control groups. Phagocytic index (PI) was reduced by 4.55 due to the natural reaction of the rat organism to the surgery. Indicators of EG were a slight decrease in leukocytes and lymphocytes by 0.3 and 0.9, respectively, a moderate decrease in T-lymphocytes by no more than 2.0, and a decrease in phagocytic activity by 5.8. Immunosuppression with azathioprine significantly reduced the frequency and severity of the adhesive process of the abdominal cavity. Used in the recommended dose does not significantly inhibit important indicators of immunity and does not affect wound healing processes.
A brief review of malaria epidemiological trend in Kermanshah province, Iran, 1986–2014
Authors: Nazari Naser ,   Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,   Parasitology and Mycology Department, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran, Hamzavi Yazdan ,   Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,   Parasitology and Mycology Department, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran,   Yazdan Hamzavi, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. E-mail: yhamzavi@ gmail.com, Rezaei Mansour ,   Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Khoshbo Peyvand ,   Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Published: November 2022

Malaria is the most severe protozoan disease in the world. As a result of strict malaria control programs, malaria's epidemiological model has changed. Knowing this epidemiological model and its effects will help us predict and prevent a new epidemic. This research was conducted to review the epidemiological trend of malaria in the Kermanshah province of Iran and some of its effective factors. Data were extracted from the registers in the disease control unit of the province, national population census, and annual rainfall report. The data was processed by SPSS16. There has been an evident decrease in malaria cases over the last 30 years in Kermanshah. This decreasing trend began especially after 1994, and since then, just 6% of all cases have happened. Between 1990 to 1997, an epidemic occurred, and more than 80% of positive cases were registered in these years. P. vivax malaria was the most common type (99.32%), and P. falciparum malaria was the second, with a very egregious difference (0.68%). The average age was 23.1 years, and men were infected twice more than women. There was a positive relation between annual rainfall level and positive malaria cases in these cities. After the major changes in malaria control programs in Kermanshah province, the number of positive cases fell noticeably, and now it is in the elimination stage. All cases of malaria were imported in the last years, and no resistance type was ever seen.
Clinical efficiency of allergen-specific immunotherapy with fungal allergens in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis against the background of fungal sensitization
Authors: Mykhailivna Herych Olesia ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine,   Olesia Mykhailivna Herych, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. E-mail: olesya-ff@ukr.net, Ivanovich Popovych Vasyl ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Vasylivna Koshel Ivanna ,   Department of Therapy and Family Medicine of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Tadeivna Orishchak Diana ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Romanovych Orishchak Ostap ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Romanovych Maksymenko Yaroslav ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Volodymyrovich Bocharow Andrii ,   Department of Surgery, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Romanovych Herych Petro ,   Department of Internal Medicine No.1, Clinical Immunology and Allergology named after Academician E.M. Neiko, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

Fungal flora is one of the causes of inflammatory, including polypous, processes in the nasal cavity. In this regard, studies aimed at reducing the effect of fungal sensitization (FS) on the course of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis (CPRS) are relevant. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of various treatment options on the clinical course of the disease in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis against the background of sensitization to fungi. The study included 90 patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis in combination with FS. The patients were divided into two groups – the first clinical group (G1) and the second clinical group (G2). G1 patients received allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) according to the scheme. G2 patients received basic treatment. Evaluation of the clinical efficiency of ASIT was made based on complaints, assessment of symptom severity on a visual analog scale (VAS), and rhinoendoscopic examination. The treatment outcomes were evaluated on a 4-point scale, with excellent results (4 points) – complete remission of the disease during the follow-up period (6–12 months); good (3 points) – exacerbation of the disease 1-2 times a year, in mild form and removed by expectant treatment; satisfactory (2 points) – the number of exacerbations did not decrease. The use of ASIT therapy is pathogenetically justified and leads to a significant improvement in the clinical condition of patients with CPRS with FS.
Investigating the clinical significance of EGFR expression using machine learning in a series of Iraqi patients with triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Salman Gufran ,   Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-0816, Aldujaily Esraa ,   Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq,   Esraa Aldujaily, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq. E-mail: esraa.aldujaily@uokufa.edu.iq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-5169, Jabardi Mohammed ,   Department of Computer Science, College of Education, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-9257, Qassid Omar Layth ,   Cancer Research Center, University of Leicester, Leicester City, United Kingdom,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7745-1879
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a distinct profile of the expression of each tumor. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a molecular subtype of breast cancer characterized by an aggressive clinical behavior linked to loss or reduced expression of estrogen, progesterone, and Her2/neu receptors. The study's main objective was to investigate the clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in a series of Iraqi patients with TNBC. The sectional analytic study involved immunohistochemical analysis of EGFR expression in randomly selected 53 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of TNBC cases out of 127 Iraqi patients with TNBC and correlated expression data with clinicopathological parameters including survival time. Machine learning (statistical tests and principal component analysis (PCA)) was used to predict the outcome of the patients using EGFR expression data together with clinicopathological parameters. EGFR was expressed in approximately 28% of TNBC cases. We estimated the risk of mortality and distant metastasis based on EGFR expression and clinicopathologic factors using the principal component analysis (PCA) model. We found a substantial positive correlation between clinical stage and distant metastasis, clinical stage and death, death and distant metastasis, and death and positive EGFR expression. Overall, EGFR expression was linked to a poor prognosis and increased mortality. A higher risk of distant metastasis and death was associated with an advanced clinical stage of the tumor. Furthermore, the existence of distant metastases increased the risk of death. These findings raise the possibility of using EGFR expression data with other clinicopathological parameters to predict the outcome of patients with TNBC.
Evaluation of metformin performance on alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits
Authors: Shakuri Yasin Youssef ,   Nursing Department, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, Iraq, Sajid Hashim Wissam ,   Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, College of Medicine, University of Al-Muthanna, Samawa, Iraq,   Wissam Sajid Hashim, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, College of Medicine, University of Al-Muthanna, Samawa, Iraq. E-mail: dr.w80@mu.edu.iq, Mohammed Qader Staar ,   Department of Microbiology, College of Medical Technology, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to evaluate metformin as a widely used oral hypoglycemic agent and identify the effects on biochemical and antioxidant body systems of rabbits. Four groups of rabbits were randomly allocated as the control, the alloxan-induced diabetic, metformin-treated, and alloxan treated with metformin. The results revealed that alloxan leads to significant elevation in glucose (Glc) levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol (TCH), and a significant decline in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and glutathione (GSH) as compared with the control group. Metformin alone caused a significant decline in Glc and HDL with significant elevation in LDL and MDA without significant changes in TCH, TGs, VLDL, and GSH. When metformin was offered as a treatment for alloxan-induced diabetic animals, it caused a significant decline in Glc, TCH, TGs, LDL, and VLDL levels with significant elevation in GSH and without a significant change in HDL and MDA. Metformin causes a decline in glucose levels due to its ability to decrease the use of substances hepatic cells use to create glucose and its ability to induce the enzymes participating in glucose oxidation.
Are dental professionals ready to deal with medical emergencies in their clinical office? A survey of university hospitals
Authors: Abdulrahman Baraa Issam ,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   Baraa Issam Abdulrahman, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: Baraa.abdulrahman@riyadh.edu.sa,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6401-7360, Alasmari Khaled Mohammed ,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-1039, Alratiq Majed Nasser ,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6748-6442, Alherab Fahad Adel ,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9421-6595, Alfantoukh Mohammed Abdullah ,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4357-9660, Alherab Abdullah Adel ,   Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-9551
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to assess the availability and need of dental emergency kits in Saudi Arabia university hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 267 dentists, including undergraduate, dental interns, general dentists, and specialists in 6 university hospitals (private and government colleges). In addition, a closed-ended questionnaire was distributed through emails using the online platform. The data revealed that 49.4% of dentists faced medical emergencies. Out of them, 72.7% said that emergency kits were available in their clinics. Sugar sources and oxygen were most commonly available. On the other hand, 37.8% of dentists handled emergencies independently, 34.5% considered themselves competent with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and 28.8% were confident of using emergency (ER) drugs. The most common medical emergencies were vasovagal syncope and hypoglycemia. The emergency kit in dental clinics is relatively available, and the incidence of medical emergencies is relatively minor. However, the competence and confidence of the dentists in tackling an emergency is low, including handling of emergency (ER), knowledge of CPR, and its performance. Therefore, CPR courses should be improved and promoted more widely for this purpose.
In vitro study of the effect of resveratrol purified from the skin of Iraqi black grape (Vitis vinifera) on lymphocyte cultures isolated from the blood of patients with lymphoma
Authors: Hasan Zainab Yaseen Mohammed ,   1 Department of Health Science, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,   Zainab Yaseen Mohammed Hasan, Department of Health Science, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: zainaby2003@yahoo.com, Obed Fatma Abd Alhamza ,   2 National Center of Hematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Jasim Ahmed Abdulmunem ,   1 Department of Health Science, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Alwan Alaa Fadhil ,   2 National Center of Hematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: November 2022

The natural stilbene compound resveratrol (RSV) was extracted and purified locally from the black grape skin (Vitis vinifera) cultivated in Iraq. Cultures of human peripheral lymphocytes were obtained from the blood samples of patients with and without lymphoma to be treated with RSV at different concentrations. Three RSV concentration levels were subjected to isolated lymphocytes from blood samples of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and without lymphoma to estimate the change in TNF-α and IL-10. Resveratrol seemed to differently affect cytokines level in normal and lymphoma lymphocytes in relation to its concentration. The lowest resveratrol concentration (50 µg/ml) decreased TNF-α levels for patients without lymphoma and all NHL patients in contrast to the HL sample. Treating normal lymphocytes with a higher dose (1000 µg/ml) might elevate the levels of TNF-α in almost all samples. There was an inverse relationship between both cytokines in most treatments; with the increase in TNF-α level, there was a decrease in IL-10 level except in HL and normal lymphocytes treatment. The locally purified resveratrol could serve as a multi-target drug that modulates the immune system to improve body defense in patients suffering from lymphoma and in patients without lymphoma by altering cytokine levels in response to different resveratrol concentrations in a different manner.
Morbidity and mortality among infants of diabetic mothers admitted to a neonatal care unit in Karbala pediatric teaching hospital
Authors: Almhanna Moatasem Ghazi Hasoon ,   Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0407-830X, Easa Zuhair Omran ,   Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq,   Zuhair Omran Easa, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq. E-mail: thajeelg@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-5031, Alatwani Sabah Hassan Ali ,   Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-3118
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to determine the morbidity and mortality patterns among infants of diabetic mothers admitted to the neonatal care unit in Karbala pediatric teaching hospital. The study enrolled fifty diabetic infants (pregestational and gestational) admitted to the ward from the 1st of October 2013 to the 30th of January 2014. Data on delivery mode, gestational age, birth weight, other associated morbidities, investigation results, therapy, length of hospital stay, and outcome were collected and compared to infants of non-diabetic mothers admitted during the same period. A retrospective analysis of maternal data was performed. 62% of infants were born to mothers with gestational diabetes, and 38% were born to mothers with pre-gestational diabetes. 86% were born by caesarian section, of which 35% were by emergency cesarean section. The mean gestational age of infants of diabetic mothers was 37w1d±1.88, and 29 (64%) had macrosomia. The most typical morbidities were hypoglycemia (significantly higher in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) than infants of non-diabetic mothers) and hyperbilirubinemia in 36 (72%) and 24 (48%), respectively. There was no difference in morbidity patterns between infants of pregestational and gestational diabetic mothers except for macrosomia, and transient tachypnea of newborns was higher in gestational diabetes. The mortality rate was not significantly higher in IDMs. Diabetes during pregnancy has a serious effect on neonates and their mothers. The commenced morbidities in IDMs were hypoglycemia, macrosomia, and hyperbilirubinemia, so strict control of blood glucose level during pregnancy and education of diabetic women is essential before and during gestation.
Oral health-related quality of life and dental caries in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Mehdipour Aida ,   1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qom Dental Faculty, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran,   2 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran,   Aida Mehdipour, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qom Dental Faculty, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. E-mail: dr.mehdipour2017@gmail.com, Masoumi Maryam ,   3 Clinical Research and Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Shajari Parisa ,   4 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Aghaali Mohammad ,   5 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Mousavi Hoda ,   4 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Saleh Ali ,   4 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Ansarian Miad ,   4 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
Published: November 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, chronic, and inflammatory joint disease with oral complications. This research aimed to compare the oral health-related quality of life and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index in rheumatoid arthritis patients over 18 years with healthy individuals. In this study, 45 rheumatoid arthritis cases were assigned to the experimental group, and 45 healthy individuals were assigned to the control group. After completing biography forms, the participants filled out two questionnaires. These questionnaires included the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and the Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Next, their teeth were clinically examined to check for caries. Finally, the data were analyzed statistically. RA and control groups were similar in gender, marital status, age, occupation, and level of education. However, a significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning DMFT (P<0.001) and total OHIP-14 score (P<0.001). Moreover, no significant difference was observed between the groups concerning the total GOHAI score (P=0.526). The oral health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis patients was lower than that in the general population, with the rate of dental caries being higher in these patients.
Investigation of the morphometry of the pre-lacrimal recess of the maxillary sinus for the pre-lacrimal approach of the maxillary sinus and paramedian skull base. A computed-tomography study
Authors: Lupu Florin ,   1 Department of Morphology, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania, Iliuță Cătălina-Petruța ,   1 Department of Morphology, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania,   Cătălina Iliuță, Departement of Morphology, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: catalina.iliuta@rez.umfcd.ro, Bulescu Ioan Alexandru ,   2 Department of Morphology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania, Enyedi Mihaly ,   2 Department of Morphology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania, Mutu Daniela-Elena Gheoca ,   2 Department of Morphology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania, Enciu Octavian ,   3 Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania, Filipoiu Florin Mihail ,   2 Department of Morphology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
Published: November 2022

The pre-lacrimal recess approach is modernly used for lesions of the anterior maxillary wall and for reaching paramedian cranial base regions. In this computed-tomography study, we assessed the pre-lacrimal recess types as well as the angles between the anterior and medial maxillary walls and between the anterior maxillary wall and the lateral margin of the nasolacrimal canal to show the feasibility of the pre-lacrimal recess approach in reaching lesions of the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae, using 30 computed-tomography studies (60 sides). A type I pre-lacrimal recess was identified in 22 cases (35%), type II was identified in 31 cases (53.30%), and type III in 7 cases (11.66%). We found that angle 1 (the angle between the anterior maxillary wall and the medial maxillary wall) had a mean value of 80.8° (minimum 75.5°, maximum 85.8°), while angle 2 (the angle between the anterior maxillary wall and the lateral margin of the nasolacrimal canal) had a mean value of 59.1° (minimum 57.6°, maximum 60.1°). We consider the pre-lacrimal recess approach a very good option for the anterior maxillary wall, the alveolar recess, and in reaching the infratemporal fossa and lateral part of the pterygopalatine fossa. In cases where direct visualization of the medial part of the pterygopalatine fossa is needed, the pre-lacrimal recess approach could not be the perfect option.
Comparative characteristics of infertile women when applying melatonin in complex preparation for assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Yuzko Viktoria Olexandrivna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Medical Center of Infertility Treatment, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Viktoria Olexandrivna Yuzko, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bukovynian State Medical University, Medical Center of Infertility Treatment, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. E-mail: yuzkoviktoriia@gmail.com, Yuzko Olexandr Mykhailovych ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   Medical Center of Infertility Treatment, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Yuzko Tamara Anatoliivna ,   Medical Center of Infertility Treatment, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Pryimak Svitlana Hryhorivna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Voloshynovych Natalia Serhiivna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Chobaniuk Svitlana Ivanivna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

A retrospective analysis of medical records of infertile patients using assisted reproductive technologies and melatonin was performed. 76 infertile women were examined. Group 1 included 33 patients who received 3 mg of melatonin two weeks before and during ovulation induction, and group 2 included 43 patients who did not take melatonin. The average age of patients in the groups did not differ. The data of gynecological and ultrasound examinations, structure and thickness of the endometrium, antral follicle count, hormone levels: anti-mullerian, follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, thyrotropin, and thyroxine were evaluated. The primary infertility incidence was significantly higher in all examined patients. Patients in the first group tended to decrease ovarian reserve, recurrent loss, and unexplained infertility; in the second group, more endometriosis, tubal and male infertility factors were observed. The incidence of extragenital pathology in the examined patients did not differ as well as antral follicle count and the thickness of the endometrium. We also did not find any significant difference in the level of hormones in the blood of the examined women, except that patients taking melatonin had significantly higher levels of lutropin but lower levels of the anti-mullerian hormone in the blood.
Liver damage in the context of SARS-CoV-2. Covid-19 treatment and its effects on the liver
Authors: Săbiescu Denisa Marilena ,   1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania,   Denisa Marilena Săbiescu, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania. E-mail: denisa.sabiescu@yahoo.com, Kamal Adina Maria ,   1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania,   Adina Maria Kamal, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania. E-mail: adinaka@gmail.com,   These authors contributed equally to this work, Kamal Constantin Kamal ,   2 Department of Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania,   These authors contributed equally to this work, Alexandru Dragos Ovidiu ,   3 Department of Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania, Mitruț Paul ,   1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Published: November 2022

Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, the scientific community has tried to protect the population from the infection and its effects through multiple lines of evidence. Patients at high risk of developing severe disease were advised to protect themselves and practice effective physical distancing. Phenotypes specific to this infection need to be reviewed to understand COVID-19 and its clinical manifestations. When the pandemic began, the scientific community was concerned with the unfavorable outcome of cases with pre-existing liver disease. There have been speculations about risk factors for severe diseases such as liver disease, age, gender, and association with obesity or diabetes.
Controversy About the Ideological Orientation Around the Almanac "Mnemosyne"
Authors: Ospanova Evelina
Published: November 2022

The article is an analysis of the controversy that took place on the pages of the almanac "Mnemosyne", published by A. S. Griboyedov, V. K. Kyukhelbeker and V. F. Odoevsky in the 19th century. The object of the study is the negative critical reviews devoted to the almanac "Mnemosyne". The aim of the study is to identify the influence of negative critical reviews on the perception of the almanac "Mnemosyne". The main part of the work is devoted to negative reviews about the almanac. The article also contains a brief description of the history of the creation of the almanac itself for a more complete and detailed understanding of the material. When considering critical reviews of the almanac "Mnemosyne", first of all it is worth mentioning the personality of F. B. Bulgarin, famous for his loud polemics with the publishers of "Mnemosyne", as well as A. F. Voeykov and Prince Shalikov, who was directly related to this almanac. The novelty of this article lies in a more detailed consideration of the negative critical reviews on the almanac "Mnemosyne", as well as the impact of this controversy on the output of the almanac. It should be noted that "Mnemosyne" for a short but rather active period of publication acquired both ideological supporters who shared the views of the publishers and opponents who actively criticized the almanac, among whom were F. B. Bulgarin, A. F. Voeykov and Prince P. I. Shalikov. The controversy of the publishers of Mnemosyne with critics did not stop until the publication of the almanac was discontinued. These critical reviews caused a heated debate on a number of issues: starting from the appearance of "Mnemosyne", and ending with individual comments on the works of the almanac. These discussions not only did not spoil the reputation of Mnemosyne, but also helped to attract public attention to it.
Como nos comunicamos (sobre Linguística) importa: bate-papo com Janaisa Viscardi
Authors: Viscardi Janaisa , Oliveira Hélio
Published: November 2022

Neste texto, a linguista e  produtora de conteúdo Janaisa Viscardi fala de suas experiências como pioneira na divulgação científica da linguística no Brasil, tanto no Youtube, onde mantém um canal há 7 anos, quanto em outras plataformas e redes sociais, com implicações específicas sobre diferentes públicos, formatos e gêneros discursivos nos quais questões sobre língua, linguagem e linguística são tratadas de forma acessível ao público em geral.
Is Serum PSA a Reliable Indicator to Omit Skeletal Scintigraphy Among Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer Patients?
Authors: Singh Parneet , Singhal Tejasvini , Negi Meena , Narayan Manishi L.
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

Skeletal scintigraphy is most sensitive modality for detection of bone metastases in prostate cancer (PCa). Bone scintigraphy (BS) is currently not recommended for staging of PCa patients with serum prostate specific antigen (S.PSA) <10 ng/ml or in low-risk group (NCCN 2021, EAU-EANM-2020). This study aims to establish cutoff of S.PSA levels to predict metastatic bone disease in newly diagnosed treatment naive patients with carcinoma Prostate, in Uttarakhand region, India.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 105 treatment naïve PCa patients referred to Nuclear Medicine Department, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, for BS. We assessed association between S.PSA levels (performed within 6 weeks of imaging), Gleason Score (GS)/International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading and metastatic disease diagnosed on BS.

Results:

A total of 105 patients were included in this study with an average age of 69 ± 9.4 years (42–87 years). Out of 105 patients, 62 (59%) were positive and 43 (41%) patients were negative on BS for skeletal metastasis. According to S.PSA levels, patients were divided into five subgroups. On subgroup analysis, most of the patients with S.PSA of >100 were positive for metastasis on BS (83.7%) but a significant number of patients with S.PSA<10 were also positive for skeletal metastasis (46%–7/15) on BS.

Conclusion:

In current patient population, a high incidence of bone metastasis is noted even at low S.PSA levels and in low-risk groups. Hence, BS can be considered in carcinoma prostate patients even with PSA levels <10 ng/ml. Although, other parameters such as GS/ISUP grading, pathological grade and clinical stage should also be considered and individualised risk adapted strategy to be followed for initial staging.
Rare site and age of presentation: Prostatic sarcoma of the Ewing family in an adolescent
Authors: Mehmood Khalid , Shehzad Asad
Published: November 2022

Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is the second most primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents between 10 and 25 years. The extraosseous sarcomas are rare and often cause diagnostic confusion for clinicians. The cell of origin is unclear, but exhibits rapid growth and recurrence, leading to a poor survival rate of 10% only. This imposes an increased risk of chronic health conditions, financial burden, and impaired quality of life. We report the uncommon presentation in age and site of the tumor in the peri-prostatic tissue of a 14-year-old boy and discuss our treatment approach. An exploratory observational case study was conducted. The ultrasound of an enlarged pelvis mass showed a large heterogeneously hyperechoic lesion with central necrosis and increased vascularity in the mass. The magnetic resonance imaging scan and histopathology of the transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy specimen confirmed the prostate tumor. The transrectal biopsy proved to be a feasible and effective diagnostic tool for such an unclear pelvic mass. The extraskeletal manifestation of Ewing’s sarcoma imposes diagnostic confusion, but the case fulfilled the extraosseous Ewing sarcoma’s diagnostic characteristic. The Ewing’s sarcoma/PNET of the prostate being rare and posing a poor prognosis needs vigilant differential diagnosis and a multidisciplinary treatment approach for optimal and cost-effective treatments.
The βI domain promotes active β1 integrin clustering into mature adhesion sites
Authors: Mana Giulia , Valdembri Donatella , Askari Janet A , Li Zhenhai , Caswell Patrick , Zhu Cheng , Humphries Martin J , Ballestrem Christoph , Serini Guido
Published: November 2022

Modulation of integrin function is required in many physiological and pathological settings, such as angiogenesis and cancer. Integrin allosteric changes, clustering, and trafficking cooperate to regulate cell adhesion and motility on extracellular matrix proteins via mechanisms that are partly defined. By exploiting four monoclonal antibodies recognizing distinct conformational epitopes, we show that in endothelial cells (ECs), the extracellular βI domain, but not the hybrid or I-EGF2 domain of active β1 integrins, promotes their FAK-regulated clustering into tensin 1–containing fibrillar adhesions and impairs their endocytosis. In this regard, the βI domain–dependent clustering of active β1 integrins is necessary to favor fibronectin-elicited directional EC motility, which cannot be effectively promoted by β1 integrin conformational activation alone.