bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Features and Surgical Strategies of Distal Radius Posttraumatic Deformity
Authors: Zhang Ning , Fang Jiahu
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the clinical features and surgical strategies of distal radius posttraumatic deformity. Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 30 patients with distal radius posttraumatic deformity treated by osteotomy and orthopedic surgery in the department of orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from February 2016 to November 2018. All the patients underwent preoperative anterior and lateral X-ray plain scanning of bilateral wrist joints, showing different degrees of radius shortening, inferior ulnar and radial mismatch, palmar angle, and ulnar deviation angle, among which 11 patients had an uneven joint surface. After a full evaluation, osteotomy and orthopedic surgery were performed to restore the original anatomical structure, plaster fixation was performed for two weeks after surgery, and regular outpatient follow-up was conducted. The function of the wrist was evaluated by the MMWS (wrist joint improvement) scoring scale before and after surgery, and the changes in the wrist joint-related treatment parameters were evaluated according to X-ray. Results. All 30 patients had no neurological symptoms after surgery, and all wounds healed within the first stage. All patients were followed up for 6–12 months, with an average healing time of 3.5 months. There was no reduction loss, internal fixation loosening, or fracture in the regular postoperative review. Postoperative MMWS (wrist joint improvement) score scale data were significantly higher than those before surgery, and there were differences between groups (

P
<
0.05

). Postoperative treatment parameters of wrist joints such as palmar inclination angle, ulnar deviation angle, radius height, and lower ulnar and radial matching were significantly improved, and there were differences between groups (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. The patients with distal radius posttraumatic deformity have the clinical characteristics of shortening of radius, mismatch of lower ulnar and radius, an abnormal inclination of palm, and ulnar declination. For patients with distal radius posttraumatic deformity, osteotomy and orthopedic surgery can effectively improve wrist function and improve patients’ quality of life, which is worthy of clinical reference.
Transit Signal Priority for an Integrated Traffic Signal System
Authors: Kim Minji , Han Yohee , Kim Youngchan
Published: September 2022

Passive transit-signal priority (TSP) is an effective approach to improve the operational efficiency of transit systems on arterial roads. This paper presents an integrated TSP model that benefits both transit vehicles and other road users. The proposed model uses the random arrival characteristics of transit vehicles related to their stochastic dwell times at near-side stops. Thus, it enables not only two-way bandwidth maximization within subsystems but also the combined optimization of adjacent subsystems. To minimize any negative impact on side-street traffic, this study, unlike previous research, considers the influential area by the introduction of TSP. Case studies on 15 intersections in Sejong, Korea, verify the superior performance of the proposed model for both transit and general vehicles.
Research on the Performance of Network Propagation by Using the Machine Learning and Internet-of-Things Technology Integrating Model
Authors: Chen Feng
Published: September 2022

We combine machine learning with Internet of Things technology to study the performance of network propagation model. This paper first introduces the construction environment of the business push system and then realizes user clustering and active business push by using the experimental data. Experimental results show that the active service push system constructed in this paper is feasible and effective. The experiment also compares and analyzes the influence of different clustering methods on the accuracy of service push. The results show that the clustering effect of the multi-Markov chain model (m-MCM) method is superior to that of the K-means method, a commonly used machine learning method, and the accuracy of user-service push obtained by the m-MCM method is superior to that obtained by the K-means method. Finally, on the basis of the existing experimental results, the shortcomings of the service push system are summarized, the future improvement direction and specific implementation measures are proposed, and new requirements for the future update of the service push system are put forward.
A Russian Continuous Speech Recognition System Based on the DTW Algorithm under Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yu Chunping , Wang Xin
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the effect of continuous speech recognition, this paper combines the DTW algorithm to construct a continuous Russian speech recognition system and proposes a continuous Russian speech detection method based on VGDTW-MPCA with an unequal interval process. Moreover, considering the influence of the correlation between variables on the synchronization of the DTW algorithm, this paper constructs a DTW algorithm on a local data set to synchronize in different variable groups. Then, this paper integrates the obtained data into complete 3D data for modeling. It can be seen from the simulation research that the Russian continuous speech recognition system based on DTW proposed in this paper has a high continuous Russian speech recognition accuracy.
[Retracted] Investigation on Imaging Features and Clinical Significance of Cardiac CT in Comprehensive Evaluation of Aortic Valve and Root before Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Tan Xiong , Peng Juan
Published: September 2022

Medical imaging feature analysis is the basis of medical image processing and analysis. The solution of this problem not only directly affects the successful application of computer graphics and image technology in medicine but also has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the imaging characteristics and clinical significance are discussed by studying the comprehensive evaluation of aortic valve and root before aortic valve replacement. In recent years, preoperative comprehensive evaluation of the aortic valve and root has been gradually carried out. Compared with traditional methods, minimally invasive surgery brings more accurate diagnosis to patients, quick recovery and discharge after surgery, and less pain. This study retrospectively includes patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent TAVR with routine computed tomography. Based on CT images, the determination and grouping of bicuspid aortic valve and tricuspid aortic valve were completed. Thirteen cross‐sectional levels of the aorta‐iliac‐femoral vascular access were completed. The results showed that 3 people had stroke (17.6%) and 5 people had myocardial infarction (29.4%) during the follow‐up period. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 5 patients (29.4%), permanent pacemaker implantation was performed in 1 patient (5.9%), and acute kidney injury occurred in 7 patients (41.2%). No patient died due to surgery‐related causes, and the analysis of imaging features and clinical significance in the preoperative comprehensive evaluation of the aortic valve and root played a crucial role. In the training stage, the principal component analysis method was used to train the shape, and the model of the shape intensity of the aortic valve and the shape change of each principal component was obtained. The most probable aortic valve region in the target image was obtained by matching the similarity of all atlases, and the correct aortic valve segmentation was obtained by using the first level set of shape intensity. The experimental part verified the accuracy of the algorithm.
Comparison of Single‐Person Laparoscopic Appendectomy Using a Novel Brace‐Assisted Camera Holding System and Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Neural Network Algorithm Analysis
Authors: Zhang Nengyun , Li Yuanhong , Zhou Renou
Published: September 2022

Background. Acute appendicitis represents one of the main causes of surgical emergencies. It can be approached as an open appendectomy or a laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). However, LA generally requires the cooperation of a surgeon and an assistant. This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of the novel brace‐assisted single‐person laparoscopic appendectomy (BASPLA) with conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA) in the treatment of patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis by neural network algorithm analysis. Methods. Between January 2020 and December 2021,a total of 120 adult patients with acute appendicitis were randomized to the BASPLA group (62 cases) and the CLA group (58 cases).The clinical data were compared between the two groups, including demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Results. There was no significant difference in patients’ pain scores before operation (p = 0.68) and after operation (p = 0.81) and patient‐reported cosmetic scores (p = 0.43) between the two groups. Operation time in the BASPLA group was longer than that in the CLA group (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the conversion rate (p = 0.94), analgesics required before (p = 0.91) and after the operation (p = 0.78), intraoperative bleeding (p = 0.53), recovery of bowel movement time (p = 0.26), hospital stay (p = 0.06), and complication rate (p = 0.84) between the two groups. Conclusions. BASPLA for adult acute appendicitis can be a substitute for CLA, BASPLA is comparable to CLA in postoperative pain and quality of life. Compared to surgical assistants, it not only provides a stable, clear image for the surgeon but also frees up personnel. Especially in emergency surgery, it can achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy without requiring an assistant.
[Retracted] Paradigm and Path of Released Prisoners’ Rights of Rehabilitation from the Perspective of Social Governance
Authors: Ma Meifeng
Published: September 2022

In order to better solve the problem of the return of released prisoners to society and reduce the second crime rate after rehabilitation, the main factors affecting the rehabilitation of released prisoners and the specific situation of reoffending were studied from the perspective of social governance. There is a big difference between the sentence period of the first crime and the second crime. The proportion of those sentenced to less than 5 years for the first time is 86.1%, and the proportion of those sentenced to less than 3 years for the second time is 31.1%. Compared with the first crime, the proportion of those sentenced to more than 10 years has decreased by 56.7%, and the proportion of those sentenced to more than 10 years has increased by 8.6%. The figure shows that second offenses are more serious than first offenses. Those released from prison are likely to commit crimes again at any time after rehabilitation, and the proportion of reoffending within 5 years is 73.3%. The proportion of reoffenders who committed crimes for more than 5 years was 26.7%, indicating that the 5‐year period after rehabilitation should be taken seriously to reduce the second crime rate. On this basis, the countermeasures for the rehabilitation of released prisoners are discussed.
Intelligent Recognition Technology for the Segmentation of Traffic Indication Images Concerning Different Pavement Materials
Authors: Xie Juanhong , Shi Guojian , Zhu Weizhi
Published: September 2022

Traffic indication is an important part of the road environment, providing information about road conditions, restrictions, prohibitions, warnings, and the current status related to the flow of the traffic and other navigational aspects. The shape, color, and pictogram of a traffic indication are encoded into the visual characteristics of traffic signs. Not paying attention to these traffic signs could lead directly or indirectly to traffic accidents. In this article, the support traffic indication vector recognition (STIVR) method is proposed to classify the best signal detection to avoid traffic congestion and accidents. The proposed STIVR recognizes the traffic indication system automatically, reduces occurrences of traffic accidents, and helps drivers move safely on different pavement materials. Besides, the adaptive median filter (AMF) algorithm is used to pre-process and protect the traffic indication images without obscuring them. Thus, it indicates the edge of the non-smoothed nasty ferment from the service. In the detection of traffic events, indication images are enhanced, pre-treated, and divided according to symbols and their characteristics such as color, shape, or both. The output becomes a segmented image, including the available space identified as a road sign. The experimental results show that the proposed method functions well; achieves a sufficiently higher process speed and better segmentation of traffic indications and more accuracy in recognition of the objects. For example, the proposed method reaches a higher sensitivity performance of 96%.
PLK4 Is a Potential Biomarker for Abnormal Tumor Proliferation, Immune Infiltration, and Prognosis in ccRCC
Authors: Hu Chenglu , Liu Qingping , Hu Chengyi , Wang Ying , Wang Pan , Zhou Xing
Published: September 2022

Background. PLK4 is highly expressed and associated with poor prognosis in various malignancies. However, the role of PLK4 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unclear. This study is aimed at analyzing the expression, the potential regulating mechanism, and the role of PLK4 in the ccRCC by bioinformatics. Methods. PLK4 mRNA expression data and methylation levels in ccRCC were examined using TIMER, UALCAN, MethSurv, NCBI-GEO, and UCSC databases. Quantitative real-time PCR verifies the regulatory relationship between PLK4 and has-miR-214-3p. The GEPIA2 and STRING databases were used to find similar genes of PLK4 and then enriched with

R

language to analyze their similar genes. Correlations between PLK4 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cytokines exerting immunosuppression were analyzed using the TIMER database and the TISIDB databases. Results. PLK4 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in ccRCC tissues than in paracancerous tissues. ccRCC tissues had lower DNA methylation levels of PLK4 than normal tissues. Importantly, the high PLK4 expression was associated with poor prognosis in ccRCC patients. The has-miR-214-3p negatively regulates the expression of PLK4. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that PLK4 coexpressed genes were mainly associated with multiple immune-related pathways, including cytokinesis, sister chromatid adhesions, and mitotic nuclear division. Our data suggest that the PLK4 expression is closely related to the level of immune infiltration and the cytokines that exert immune suppression, and IPS was significantly higher in the PLK4 low expression group. Conclusion. The PLK4 expression is associated with the prognosis of ccRCC patients and affects the immune microenvironment of ccRCC, and PLK4 is expected to be a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC.
An Urban Bus Network Generation Algorithm Based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Force Field Properties
Authors: Chen Yiming , Gu Yanhong , Huang Zhengdong , Zhao Tianhong , Guo Liangyuan
Published: September 2022

Due to continuous urban sprawl, large-scale bus network design has become a major challenge in urban transport planning. The continuous increase in urban population and scale makes the factors considered in the urban route network design increasingly complex. Contemporary public transportation network design problems are based more on efficiency goals such as the accessibility and comfort of the transportation network, which increases the difficulty of analyzing the problem. Bus network design is not only an NP-hard (nondeterministic polynomial) problem but also a multivariable and multiobjective problem. This paper focuses on the bivariate and multiobjective bus network design problem of route generation and station selection. This paper proposes an algorithm called the Pseudo Force Field. By combining the idea of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the properties of the force field, a feasible route generation scheme is provided for the design of the bus network. The algorithm does not need to determine the end station and has a high degree of completion of the demand. This solves the problem of the selection of terminal stations in large-scale road network design. On this basis, the article combines Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Pareto frontier to provide a new route optimization algorithm and proves the effectiveness of the algorithm. The model has achieved theoretical results in the design of the bus route network in the megacity of Shenzhen, China.
Taohong Siwu Decoction Promotes Osteo-Angiogenesis in Fractures by Regulating the HIF-1α Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tang Zhi , Yin Ming , Guo Yuxing , Li Wei , Sun Fei , Guo Yonglin , Chen Zhenzhong , Zhou Biao
Published: September 2022

Background. Vascular damage is a major consequence of bone fracture. Taohong Siwu decoction (TSD) can raise the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in fracture healing. However, its molecular mechanism in promoting angiogenesis is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of TSD in the regulation of osteo-angiogenesis in fracture healing. Methods. A rat tibial fracture model was established. After low- (4.5 g·kg−1), medium- (9 g·kg−1), and high-dose TSD (18 g·kg−1) and panax notoginsenoside (25 mg kg−1) treatment, hematoxylin-eosin staining was employed to visualize pathological changes in bone tissues. The levels of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-1β), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and 6 ketone prostaglandin F1α (6-Keto-PGF1α) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunofluorescence was used to identify the rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs). Control serum, 10% TSD-containing serum, and 10% TSD-containing serum combined with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor were used to treat the RAECs and rat osteoblasts. Transwell migration assay was utilized to examine the migration of the RAECs. The Matrigel tubulogenesis assay was used for the assessment of angiogenesis. The expression of angiogenesis- (von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL), HIF-1α, VEGF, angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and pVHL) and osteogenesis-related (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteopontin-1 (OPN-1)) protein and gene was detected by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results. Compared with the model group, TSD increased the trabecular bone areas, numbers, and thicknesses in fractured rats. In the plasma, the levels of cytokines and TXB2 in the middle- and high-dose TSD group were significantly lower than those in the model group (

P
<
0.01

). The 6-keto-PGF1α content was increased by middle- and high-dose TSD intervention (

P
<
0.01

). Compared to the control serum group, the angiogenesis and migration of the RAECs were enhanced in the TSD group (

P
<
0.001

). The expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and Ang-2 in the TSD group upregulated significantly (

P
<
0.001

). VHL and pVHL were inhibited under TSD-containing serum treatment (

P
<
0.001

). ALP, Runx2, and OPN-1 were increased obviously in the TSD group (

P
<
0.001

). Nevertheless, the HIF-1α inhibitor reversed these changes (

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. TSD promotes angiogenesis and osteogenesis by regulating the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Meanwhile, it can effectively reduce the risk of inflammation and improve blood circulation.
Siamese Attention Networks with Adaptive Templates for Visual Tracking
Authors: Zhang Bo , Liang Zhixue , Dong Wenyong
Published: September 2022

Visual object tracking takes an important role in realistic applications, such as video understanding, unmanned auto vehicles, and autonomous robots. Although the Siamese-based tracker has achieved good performance in tracking tasks, the existing methods using initial template or updating template with simple strategy result in the performance degradation of the model when the target varies in realistic scenarios such as target occlusion, scale variation, and deformation. In this paper, we propose a visual tracking framework with adaptive template update and spatiotemporal attention, named SiamAttnAT. Specially, we propose a historical template selecting strategy and a template adaptively generating method for robust tracking. In addition, we apply the proposed mechanisms to the employed baseline SiamRPN++. Extensive experiments and comparisons with state-of-the-art trackers on short-term and long-term visual tracking benchmarks including VOT2018, OTB-100, UAV123, NFS, and LaSOT show that the proposed framework achieves the outstanding performance with a considerable real-time speed, verifying its efficiency and effectiveness.
New PSO-SVM Short-Term Wind Power Forecasting Algorithm Based on the CEEMDAN Model
Authors: You Hong , Bai Shixiong , Wang Rui , Li Zhixiong , Xiang Shuchen , Huang Feng
Published: September 2022

Accurate wind power forecasting can help reduce disturbance to the grid in wind power integration. In this paper, a short-term power forecasting model is established by using complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) and nonlinear fitting characteristics of support vector machines (SVM) to accurately predict wind power. First, the wind power data are preprocessed and decomposed to 6 stable power components using CEEMDAN, thus reducing the impact of excessive forecasting errors of oscillatory points at peaks and valleys. Then, particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on improved empirical mode decomposition is designed to optimize the kernel function and penalty factor of the SVM. It establishes a new short-term power forecasting CEEMDAN-combined model. Finally, each stable component data is processed using the power forecasting model, and then, the results are combined to get the final power forecasting value. Analysis of test results and comparative studies show that the RMSE and MAPE of the new model are only one-third of that of the traditional SVM algorithm. The forecasting accuracy and speed meet the requirements for safe operation of wind farms.
HSPA5 Could Be a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Qing , Zhou Yubo , Hua Jianfen , Su Ruijun , Ai Jun
Published: September 2022

Background. Breast cancer (BC) is a frequent disease in females. The heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 (HSPA5) has recently been discovered to have an important function in tumor growth. However, the biological significance of HSPA5 in BC is unknown. Material and Method. Firstly, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was applied to analyze the expressions of HSPA5 in different cancer types, especially in BC. Then, the LinkedOmics database was used to screen genes coexpressed with HSPA5 in BC, presented by protein-protein interaction (PPI) and analyzed by functional enrichment analyses. Next, the Kaplan-Meier plotter was adopted to study the prognostic significance of HSPA5 and the relation between HSPA5 expression and different clinical factors in BC. Finally, the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) method was adopted to explore the relation between immune infiltration and HSPA5 in BC. Result. HSPA5 was highly expressed in most cancers, including BC. Genes coexpressed with HSPA5 were mainly related to endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, melanosome, thyroid hormone synthesis, N-glycan biosynthesis, and so on. In the survival analysis, high HSPA5 expression indicated a poor prognosis in BC, and the expression of HSPA5 in BC was elevated after the incidence of BC, changing with different clinical factors. In the immune infiltration, HSPA5 was positively correlated with most immune cells. Conclusion. HSPA5 is an oncogene in BC progression, and it is connected with the prognosis and the immune infiltration in BC. Our findings suggest that HSPA5 could be an immunotherapy target and a prognostic biomarker in BC.
Ukgansan Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against MPTP-Induced Neurotoxicity via the Nurr1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chae In-Cheol , Jang Jung-Hee , Seol In-Chan , Kim Yoon-Sik , Park Gunhyuk , Yoo Ho-Ryong
Published: September 2022

Nuclear receptor-related 1 protein (Nurr1) is a nuclear hormone receptor that protects dopaminergic neurons and is a promising therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and the long-term use of conventional dopamine replacement therapies causes many side effects, highlighting the need for new treatments such as complementary and alternative medicine. Ukgansan has been used in East Asia to treat neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, and has been reported to have strong effects in treating patients with PD. In addition, recent studies have reported that Ukgansan has a neuroprotective potential. However, there are no detailed studies on the mechanism of action of Nurr1. Thus, unlike previous studies, we focused on the Nurr1 pathways. We confirmed neurotoxicity and apoptosis signaling in the differentiated PC12 cells. In addition, to confirm the protective effect of Ukgansan, we conducted behavioral tests (motor coordination and postural balance, and bradykinesia) and tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry in both the SNpc and striatum. Specifically, this study demonstrated the effect of Ukgansan in protecting dopaminergic neurons and increasing Nurr1 involved in maintaining dopamine levels by activating Nurr1 expression in MPTP-induced PC12 cells and a mouse model of PD. In this mechanism, the loss of dopaminergic neurons and dopamine depletion were suppressed, and motor impairment caused by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine toxicity was improved. These results provide evidence that Ukgansan ameliorates PD’s motor symptoms and progression.
An Efficient Numerical Scheme for Solving Multiorder Tempered Fractional Differential Equations via Operational Matrix
Authors: Owoyemi Abiodun Ezekiel , Phang Chang , Toh Yoke Teng
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we extend the operational matrix method to solve the tempered fractional differential equation, via shifted Legendre polynomial. Although the operational matrix method is widely used in solving various fractional calculus problems, it is yet to apply in solving fractional differential equations defined in the tempered fractional derivatives. We first derive the analytical expression for tempered fractional derivative for xp, hence, using it to derive the new operational matrix of fractional derivative. By using a few terms of shifted Legendre polynomial and via collocation scheme, we were able to obtain a good approximation for the solution of the multiorder tempered fractional differential equation. We illustrate it using some numerical examples.
New Results of Some of the Conformable Models Arising in Dynamical Systems
Authors: Alam Md Nur , Ilhan Onur Alp , Manafian Jalil , Asjad Muhammad Imran , Rezazadeh Hadi , Baskonus Haci Mehmet
Published: September 2022

This article investigates the new results of three nonlinear conformable models (NLCMs). To study such varieties of new soliton structures, we perform the generalized Kudryashov (GK) method. The obtained new results are defined in the styles of the exponential and rational functions. The derived new soliton structures are stable, serviceable, and fitting to embrace the conformable dynamics, chaotic vibrations, global bifurcations, optimal control problems, fluid mechanics, plasma physics, system identification, local bifurcations, control theory and resonances, and so many. The outcomes declare that the process is hugely valuable and accessible for investigating nonlinear conformable order models treated in theoretical physics.
Existence and Uniqueness of Positive Solutions for a Coupled System of Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Feng Hanying , Zhang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2022

In this article, we investigate a boundary value problem for a coupled differential system of fractional order that the nonlinear term depends on the unknown functions as well as their lower order fractional derivatives. Firstly, we give Green’s functions and prove their properties; secondly, the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions are obtained by using some fixed point theorems. In addition, two examples are presented to demonstrate the application of our main results.
Systemic Therapy Combined with Locoregional Therapy Improved Survival in Oligometastatic Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ma Yuyu , Duan Fangfang , Zhuang Yue , Song Chenge , Huang Jiajia , Xia Wen , Hong Ruoxi , Zheng Qiufan , Wang Shusen , Shi Yanxia , Xu Fei , Yuan Zhongyu , Bi Xiwen
Published: September 2022

The optimal therapeutic options, adding locoregional therapy (LRT) to systemic therapy (ST) or not, for patients with oligometastatic breast cancer (OMBC) have not been fully elucidated. Hence, we designed a retrospective observational study which enrolled patients with measurable extracranial OMBC having less than 5 metastatic lesions not necessarily in the same organ. We retrospectively reviewed a total of 199 patients diagnosed with extracranial OMBC, including 28 receiving ST followed by LRT (ST to LRT group), 44 receiving LRT followed by ST (LRT to ST group), and 127 receiving ST alone (ST alone group). After a median follow-up of 28.7 months, patients receiving both ST and LRT had a significantly better prognosis than those receiving ST alone: the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16.3, 14.0, and 9.3 months (

P
<
0.001

) and the median overall survival (OS) was 39.8, 70.5, and 26.7 months (

P
<
0.001

) in the ST to LRT, LRT to ST, and ST alone groups, respectively. Sequence of ST and LRT had no significant impact on survival among patients receiving both. Further exploratory analysis identified ST plus LRT as an independent predictor for longer PFS. In conclusion, we demonstrated that adding LRT to ST was associated with survival benefits for patients with OMBC, and further prospective studies were warranted.
Leap Eccentric Connectivity Index of Subdivision Graphs
Authors: Ghalavand Ali , Pawar Shiladhar , Soner Nandappa D.
Published: September 2022

The second degree of a vertex in a simple graph is defined as the number of its second neighbors. The leap eccentric connectivity index of a graph M, Lξc(M), is the sum of the product of the second degree and the eccentricity of every vertex in M. In this paper, some lower and upper bounds of Lξc(S(M)) in terms of the numbers of vertices and edges, diameter, and the first Zagreb and third leap Zagreb indices are obtained. Also, the exact values of Lξc(S(M)) for some well‐known graphs are computed.
A Machine Learning in Binary and Multiclassification Results on Imbalanced Heart Disease Data Stream
Authors: Hamid Danish , Ullah Syed Sajid , Iqbal Jawaid , Hussain Saddam , Hassan Ch. Anwar ul , Umar Fazlullah
Published: September 2022

In medical filed, predicting the occurrence of heart diseases is a significant piece of work. Millions of healthcare-related complexities that have remained unsolved up until now can be greatly simplified with the help of machine learning. The proposed study is concerned with the cardiac disease diagnosis decision support system. An OpenML repository data stream with 1 million instances of heart disease and 14 features is used for this study. After applying to preprocess and feature engineering techniques, machine learning approaches like random forest, decision trees, gradient boosted trees, linear support vector classifier, logistic regression, one-vs-rest, and multilayer perceptron are used to perform binary and multiclassification on the data stream. When combined with the Max Abs Scaler technique, the multilayer perceptron performed satisfactorily in both binary (Accuracy 94.8%) and multiclassification (accuracy 88.2%). Compared to the other binary classification algorithms, the GBT delivered the right outcome (accuracy of 95.8%). Multilayer perceptrons, however, did well in multiple classifications. Techniques such as oversampling and undersampling have a negative impact on disease prediction. Machine learning methods like multilayer perceptrons and ensembles can be helpful for diagnosing cardiac conditions. For this kind of unbalanced data stream, sampling techniques like oversampling and undersampling are not practical.
The Hair Growth-Promoting Effect of Gardenia florida Fruit Extract and Its Molecular Regulation
Authors: Liu Xiaojin , Ji Tiancheng , Hu Haoya , Lv Xiaobing , Zhu Guoping
Published: September 2022

As a herbal medicine, the extract from the fruits of Gardenia florida has been widely used for its antioxidative, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether G. florida fruit extract (GFFE) regulates hair growth has been rarely studied. This study was the first application of GFFE on hair growth both in vitro (human dermal papilla cells, hDPCs) and in vivo (C57BL/6 mice). The effects of GFFE on cell proliferation and hair growth-associated gene expression in hDPCs were examined. Moreover, GFFE was applied topically on the hair-shaved skin of male C57BL/6 mice, the hair length was measured, and the skin histological profile was investigated. GFFE promoted the proliferation of hDPCs and significantly stimulated hair growth-promoting genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Wnt/β-catenin signals, but suppressed the expression of the hair loss-related gene transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β). Furthermore, GFFE treatment resulted in a significant increase in the number, size, and depth of cultured hair follicles and stimulated the growth of hair with local effects in mice. In summary, the results provided the preclinical data to support the much potential use of the natural product GFFE as a promising agent for hair growth.
An Optimized Approach Using Transfer Learning to Detect Drunk Driving
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Kumar Ajay , Singh Mayank , Kumar Pradeep , Bijalwan Anchit
Published: September 2022

Although the statistics show a slow decline in traffic accidents in many countries over the last few years, drunk or drug-influenced driving still contributes to enough shares in those records to act. Nowadays, breath analysers are used to estimate breath alcohol content (BAC) by law enforcement as a preliminary alcohol screening in many countries. Therefore, since breath analysers or field sobriety testers do not accurately measure BAC, the analysis of blood samples of individuals is required for further action. Many researchers have presented various approaches to detect drunk driving, for example, using sensors, face recognition, and a driver’s behaviour to confound the shortcomings of the time-honoured approach using breath analysers. But each one has some limitations. This study proposed a plan to distinguish between drivers’ states, that is, sober or drunk, by the use of transfer learning from the convolutional neural network (CNN) features to the random forest (RF) features with an accuracy of up to 93%, which is higher than that of existing models. With the same dataset, to validate our research, a comparative analysis was performed with other existing model classifiers such as the simple vector machine (SVM) with an accuracy of 65% and the K-nearest neighbour (KNN) with an accuracy of 62%, and it was found that our approach is an optimized approach in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, AUC-ROC curve, and Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) with confusion matrix.
[Retracted] ZOMEC via the p‐Akt/Nrf2 Pathway Restored PTZ‐Induced Oxidative Stress‐Mediated Memory Dysfunction in Mouse Model
Authors: Jahan Rifat , Yousaf Mohammad , Khan Hamayun , Bibi Nousheen , Ijaz Musarrat , Rehan Touseef , Shah Shahid Ali
Published: September 2022

A new mechanistic approach to overcome the neurodegenerative disorders caused by oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is highly stressed in this article. Thus, a newly formulated drug (zinc ortho‐methyl carbonodithioate (ZOMEC)) was investigated for five weeks on seven‐week‐old BALB/c male mice. ZOMEC 30 mg/kg was postadministered intraperitoneally during the third week of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection. The brain homogenates of the mice were evaluated for their antioxidant potential for ZOMEC. The results including catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) demonstrated that ZOMEC significantly reverted the oxidative stress stimulated by PTZ in the mouse brain. ZOMEC upregulated p‐Akt/Nrf‐2 pathways (also supported by molecular docking methods) to revoke PTZ‐induced apoptotic protein markers. ZOMEC reversed PTZ‐induced neuronal synapse deficits, improved oxidative stress‐aided memory impairment, and inhibited the amyloidogenic pathway in mouse brains. The results suggested the potential of ZOMEC as a new, safe, and neurotherapeutic agent to cure neurodegenerative disorders by decreasing AD‐like neuropathology in the animal PTZ model.
The Influence of Different Extraction Techniques on the Chemical Profile and Biological Properties of Oroxylum indicum: Multifunctional Aspects for Potential Pharmaceutical Applications
Authors: Yan Kai , Cheng Xin-jie , Bian Guang-li , Gao Yan-xia , Li De-qiang
Published: September 2022

Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz (Bignoniaceae), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, possesses various biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer. In order to guide the practical application of O. indicum in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries, we evaluated the effects of five different extraction techniques (maceration extraction (ME), oxhlet extraction (SOXE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), tissue-smashing extraction (TSE), and accelerated-solvent extraction (ASE)) with 70% ethanol as the solvent on the phytochemical properties and biological potential. The UHPLC-DAD Orbitrap Elite MS technique was applied to characterize the main flavonoids in the extracts. Simultaneously, the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of the tested extracts were analyzed. SOXE extract showed the highest total phenolic content (TPC, 50.99 ± 1.78 mg GAE/g extract), while ASE extract displayed the highest total flavonoid content (TFC, 34.92 ± 0.38 mg RE/g extract), which displayed significant correlation with antioxidant activity. The extract obtained using UAE was the most potent inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50: 16.57 ± 0.53 mg·mL−1), while SOXE extract showed the highest activity against α-glucosidase (IC50: 1.23 ± 0.09 mg·mL−1), succeeded by UAE, ME, ASE, and TSE extract. In addition, multivariate analysis suggested that different extraction techniques could significantly affect the phytochemical properties and biological activities of O. indicum. To sum up, O. indicum displayed expected biological potential and the data collected in this study could provide an experimental basis for further investigation in practical applications.
Decreased Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and ROS Production Correlated Closely with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
Authors: Liu Wangkai , Li Sitao , Li Yushan , Shen Wei , Chen Haitian , Li Xiaoyu , Cai Linnuan , Wu Fan , Liu Yumei , Meng Qiong , Jiang Xiaoyun
Published: September 2022

Background. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most serious complications in premature infants. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been indicated to promote immune tolerance and induce anti-inflammatory responses during the neonatal stage. However, the role of MDSCs in BPD has not been completely expounded. Methods. 130 cases of newborns were collected from six tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou from August 2019 to June 2022. They were divided into BPD group, non-BPD preterm infants group, and term infants group according to gestational age and presence of BPD. The peripheral blood was collected and used to analyze the proportion, phenotypic, and function of MDSCs at 3 to 7 days and 8 to 14 days after birth, respectively. Results. We indicated that the number of both MDSCs in premature infants is reduced, and the number of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in peripheral blood of BPD infants was significantly lower than that of non-BPD infants under 34 weeks of gestational age (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, PMN-MDSCs from peripheral blood of patients presented inhibitory effect on proliferation of CD4+T and CD8+T cells in each group. However, PMN-MDSCs from BPD group had obviously weaker inhibitory effect on proliferation of CD4+T and CD8+T cells than that from non-BPD preterm infants group. In addition, we demonstrated that the expression of NADPH oxidase (Nox2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PMN-MDSCs of BPD children was significantly lower than that in non-BPD preterm infants, suggesting that ROS pathway was affected in BPD in premature infants. Conclusion. This study preliminarily revealed the role of PMN-MDSCs in the pathogenesis of BPD in premature infants. The specific immune regulation mechanism of PMN-MDSCs in BPD will provide new ideas and strategies for clinical prevention and treatment of BPD in premature infants.
DNA Methylation Expression Profile of Blood Heat Syndrome and Blood Stasis Syndrome in TCM Psoriasis
Authors: Xing Meng , Luo Ying , Kuai Le , Ru Yi , Ding Xiaojie , Yan Xiaoninng , Li Bin , Li Xin
Published: September 2022

Objective. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) emphasizes treatment based on syndrome differentiation. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of DNA methylation expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with psoriasis and analyze the differences in these profiles among different TCM syndromes of psoriasis in order to provide a material basis for the diversity of these syndromes. Methods. Blood samples were collected from 32 participants, including 14 patients with psoriatic blood heat syndrome (BHS), 12 patients with psoriatic blood stasis syndrome (BSS), and 6 healthy controls. PBMCs were extracted and subjected to DNA quality inspection. An Illumina Human Methylation 850k chip was used to sequence each group of samples. According to gene annotation classification together with CpG island annotation classification, the differentially methylated regions between sample groups were screened, while Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were applied to perform functional analyses of DMGs. Finally, the DMGs closely correlating with psoriatic severity were screened using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Results. Compared with normal controls, patients with psoriasis showed an overall trend of hypermethylation. In psoriasis, the differential methylation probes were mainly distributed on gene body region on the genome, while those in CpG regions were mainly distributed in CpG islands. Compared with healthy controls, the overall trends in methylation were similar in psoriatic BHS and BSS patients compared to healthy controls. However, bioinformatic analysis revealed different functions of DMGs. We also found that the methylation levels of TRIM14 and PRDM16 were closely correlated with PASI scores and could serve as potential biomarkers to assess the severity of psoriasis. Conclusions. Our study, for the first time, indicated the possible involvement of DNA methylation in regulating the characteristics of TCM syndromes of psoriasis, providing a new direction for research into TCM psoriatic syndromes.
A Developed Mathematical Model for Designing a Multilevel Sustainable Supply Chain Network Taking into Account Environmental Decisions
Authors: Paydarfard Mehrab , Pirzadeh Roya , Ahmadi Ali , Zohrabi Masoud , Mortaz Hejri Farkhondeh , Hasan Malek
Published: September 2022

In this research, a novel mathematical model for sustainable supply chain network design is proposed. The main contribution and novelty of this research are considering environmentally friendly facilities and several thresholds for emitted pollution, which bring this research closer to real‐world conditions. Since the amount of pollution produced by different supply chain facilities is not the same, it is better to make different decisions regarding each repair and renovation measure, i.e., environmental decisions should be considered step‐by‐step. In addition, the proposed model was optimized by the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) to find the best solution in large‐scale instances in a short and reasonable time. Finally, the performance of the proposed model and the reduction of environmental impacts to improve the stability of logistics systems are reviewed in a case study. The results of the computational analysis show the efficiency of the proposed model.
The Effectiveness and Safety of Huangqi Xixin Decoction for Cough Variant Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Cong , Xia Qingqing , Hu Beina , Jiang Weilong , Zhang Huizhe
Published: September 2022

Objective. A comprehensive and systematic review is needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Huangqi Xixin decoction (HQXXD) for cough variant asthma (CVA). In this systematic review, we comprehensively interrogate the safety and effectiveness of HQXXD for CVA. Methods. An overall search for studies in main English and Chinese electronic databases from their inception to June 30, 2022, was performed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving HQXXD for CVA were included. According to Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook, the risk of bias related to the included studies was evaluated. A meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software from the Cochrane Collaboration was used to integrate the outcomes of the included RCTs. Results. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the seven eligible RCTs that had been retrieved. The included RCT-related risk of bias was evaluated. According to the findings of the meta-analysis, the HQXXD group had significantly higher total effective rates of clinical efficacy and airway responsiveness, and a significantly lower recurrence rate in comparison with the conventional Western medicine treatment group. Conclusion. In the treatment of CVA patients, HQXXD is safe and effective, which benefits clinical efficacy and airway responsiveness, reduces the recurrence rate, and has no adverse effects.