bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘It’s not all it’s cracked up to be’: Narratives of promotions in elite professional careers
Authors: Gustafsson Stefanie , Swart Juani
Published: August 2019

How do organizational decision-makers and promotion candidates experience promotions in elite professional careers? Despite literature recognizing that promotions are important career events for organizations and individuals, this question has received little scholarly attention. Drawing on a narrative approach and combining spoken and visual accounts, this article examines how organizational decision-makers and promotion candidates experience the promotion to partnership in law firms. Our study reveals four narratives that illustrate important differences and similarities in their accounts. In the official script, organizational decision-makers uniformly recounted promotions in a detached way, emphasizing objective meanings of career success. In contrast, promotion candidates’ accounts were varied, ranging from joy and anticipation in walk in the park, to anger and frustration in dark art to anxiety and ambivalence in bittersweet narratives. The study makes three contributions to the literature on promotions. First, we develop an emotion-based understanding of promotions suggesting that promotions are constructed through people’s lived emotional experiences that inform their meaning making of the new role. Second, we argue that promotions are not always positive career events, but potentially contradictory and negative. Third, we contribute to extant research on promotions that has favoured quantitative methodologies by adopting a multimodal approach.
Optimal control and state estimation for unmanned aerial vehicle under random vibration and uncertainty
Authors: Al-Mashhadani Mohammad Abdulrahman
Published: August 2019

In the past decade, many approaches that attempted to solve the problem of optimal control and parameter estimation of an unmanned aerial vehicle with a priori uncertain parameters simply implied two ways to solve such problem. First, by the formation of optimal control based on a refined mathematical model of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and second, by using the estimation and identification methods of the model parameter of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on measured data from flight tests. However, the identification of the dynamic parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle is a complicated task because of a number of factors such as random vibration noise, disturbance, and uncertainty of the sensor measurements. Due to the influence of random vibration noise, the problem of correlated vibration noises and uncertainty has encountered inevitably, and the accuracy of the state estimation for unmanned aerial vehicle is degraded. This study concentrates on the optimal control and state estimation for the unmanned aerial vehicle under the combination of both random vibration noise and uncertainty collected by the sensors. The effects of random vibrations at various stages of a large-scale flight that are a priori uncertain require the inclusion of identification algorithms in the optimal control loop. The results showed that the method used in the analysis had been able to provide accurate estimations.
City size and housing purchase intention: Evidence from rural–urban migrants in China
Authors: Song Yanjiao , Zhang Chuanyong
Published: August 2019

Despite the increased focus on housing choices among rural–urban migrants in China, there is a lack of studies on city size and housing purchase preferences. In this paper, we extend the conceptual framework of the Rosen–Roback model to analyse how city size affects rural–urban migrants’ housing purchase intention, and find that the impact of city size on the willingness to buy a house in the host city for migrants has an inverted U shape by using the China Migrants Dynamic Survey of 2014. To explain this phenomenon, we further adopt the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition, which shows that rural–urban migrants have achieved a spatial equilibrium between housing costs and city amenities in large cities, compared with megacities and small cities. Specifically, the amenities in large cities can compensate for the negative impact of the high housing cost, making these large cities more attractive than small ones for rural–urban migrants, while rural migrants have to bear high housing prices and exclusive urban welfare because of the strict household registration system in megacities. This study thus sheds new light on the adoption of diversified housing policies to solve the housing problems of rural–urban migrants in China by considering city size.
Rethinking European democracy after its legitimacy crisis: On Hannah Arendt and the European Union
Authors: Rensmann Lars
Published: August 2019

Against the backdrop of the European Union’s contemporary legitimacy crisis, this article reconstructs Arendt’s still largely neglected writings on European post-national democracy. Arendt approached the ‘European question’ as a fundamental question for the future of democracy and civil rights in a globalized age, and a necessity for moving beyond the European nation-state model of political organization after the horrors of Nazi totalitarianism. Her work hereby shifts the focus from today’s much-lamented crisis of post-national democracy back to reflecting on the ‘chronic crisis’, contradictions and legacies of the European nation-state and of national sovereignty – a crisis that partly motivated the evolution of new European democratic beginnings in the first place. Moving beyond both national sovereignty and technocratic supra-national governance, Arendt’s critique lies the foundation for post-sovereign models of European politics and provides a rich resource for rethinking the conditions, justifications and legitimacy of European democracy today.
“If Someone Would Have Showed Me”: Identifying Pivotal Points in Pathways to Crime and Incarceration Through Prisoner Self-Narratives
Authors: Helfgott Jacqueline B. , Gunnison Elaine , Sumner Jennifer , Collins Peter A. , Rice Stephen K.
Published: August 2019

Criminologists and correctional administrators are continuously interested in understanding criminal career trajectories, including desistance, particularly to further develop correctional programming. One program that seeks to promote successful reentry by triggering desistance for youth and adults is the IF Project, founded in 2008 in Washington State. A central component of the IF Project program requires participants to write narratives that ask them to reflect on their journey to crime and to think about what they would have needed to break away from their criminal career trajectory. This research reports on a content analysis of 171 of these writings by adult prisoners in Washington State. Results from the content analysis reveal distinct and overlapping themes for both men and women that highlight the identity change process. Research and policy implications are discussed.
Money Matters: Understanding How Colleges and Universities Use Their Websites to Communicate Information About How to Pay College Costs
Authors: Perna Laura W. , Wright-Kim Jeremy , Jiang Nathan
Published: August 2019

This study uses web sphere analysis to examine the usability and usefulness of information that selected 4-year colleges and universities are providing about the costs of attendance via their net price calculators and cost-related websites. Using compliance with current and proposed federal requirements for net price calculators as a starting point, we draw on prior research to identify and explore indicators of the cost-related information that prospective students need, and the extent to which the 80 sampled institutions are providing it. The analyses show that some colleges and universities are not only failing to comply with federal mandates concerning net price calculators but also ignoring their ethical responsibility, as noted by the National Association of College Admission Counseling, “to provide complete, factual, and readily accessible information that will allow students and their counselors to make informed college comparisons and choices.”
Novel resistor-capacitor (RC) network-based capacitance signal conditioning circuit for tip clearance measurement on gas turbine engine
Authors: Satish TN , Vivek A , Anagha SN , Rao ANV , Uma G , Umapathy M , Chandrasekhar U , Kiran G
Published: August 2019

Blade tip clearance is a critical engine health parameter measured on gas turbines. Increase in tip clearance results in decreased efficiency, whereas with decrease in clearance due to thermal and centrifugal loads, rotor blades might rub the engine case. Various sensing techniques are being used, among them, capacitance-based systems are widely used by many engine houses. Among the capacitance conditioning circuits, resistor-capacitor series network-based circuits are simple to implement but pose many challenges during practical development. During the current work, the authors have designed a novel capacitance conditioning circuit combining resistor-capacitor series network, instrumentation amplifiers, and direct current–direct current converters. Performance of the developed capacitance conditioning electronics was evaluated through lab testing and tip clearance measurement on fan stage of an aero gas turbine engine. The prototype conditioner circuit has efficiently conditioned and resolved small capacitances varying from 1.25 pF to 0.00413 pF for running clearances between 0.4 mm and 3 mm, respectively. The developed electronics produced high output with signal-to-noise ratio of 58.1 dB, resolution of 2.5 µm, bandwidth of about 700 kHz, and an accuracy of about 98%. This development has culminated towards miniaturization of the total electronics and has the potential to get developed as smart capacitance sensor. This paper explains the practical aspects and challenges involved while designing and developing such practical conditioning circuits.
Alberic of Trois-Fontaines’ Genealogies
Authors: Grabowski Antoni
Published: August 2019

Alberic of Trois-Fontaines was a thirteenth-century Cistercian and a well-read chronicler. He wrote about the happenings taking place in Europe, from Ruś to Wales. Among many subjects, he was especially keen on finding out the origins of the families and the genealogical relations. He not only summarised chronicles but undertook independent research on the topic of genealogies of rulers and nobles. The extent of his writing on this subject shows that it was one of his main interests.

While his knowledge about the family connections was sometimes appreciated, it was also perceived as full of mistakes. There was almost no discussion about the meaning of the various genealogies presented by Alberic. This is regrettable, as Alberic expresses a very interesting idea in the text: the common ancestry for the whole European nobility. In the article I point out Alberic’s probable sources of information, the role genealogical matter had in the chronicle. Finally I discuss the inspirations for the special treating of genealogy in the chronicle pointing at Peter of Poitiers’ example.
Subordinate Actors’ Institutional Maintenance in Response to Coercive Reforms
Authors: Xiao Qijie , Klarin Anton
Published: August 2019

Institutional work research shows how actors purposively create, maintain, and disrupt institutions. Failed or unintended consequences of institutional maintenance remain relatively unexplored, for two reasons. First, the role of coercive disruption actors (e.g., a state) has not been fully explored. Second, existing literature takes scant account of power and disregards the resistance tactics of subordinate actors. Drawing on a longitudinal case study of a migrant workers’ union in China, we show how subordinate actors were first able to maintain institutional arrangements followed by a maintenance failure under the disruption work performed by the authoritarian state. This study extends the institutional maintenance literature in two ways. First, subordinate actors can sustain institutions insofar as they collectively deploy superficial deference and hidden forms of resistance. Second, maintenance work is vulnerable in the sense that it is contingent on the systems of domination and the level of pressure exerted by the disruption actors.
Who developed the so-called Timoshenko beam theory?
Authors: Elishakoff Isaac
Published: August 2019

The use of the Google Scholar produces about 78,000 hits on the term “Timoshenko beam.” The question of priority is of great importance for this celebrated theory. For the first time in the world literature, this study is devoted to the question of priority. It is that Stephen Prokofievich Timoshenko had a co-author, Paul Ehrenfest. It so happened that the scientific work of Timoshenko dealing with the effect of rotary inertia and shear deformation does not carry the name of Ehrenfest as the co-author. In his 2002 book, Grigolyuk concluded that the theory belonged to both Timoshenko and Ehrenfest. This work confirms Grigolyuk’s discovery, in his little known biographic book about Timoshenko, and provides details, including the newly discovered letter of Timoshenko to Ehrenfest, which is published here for the first time over a century after it was sent. This paper establishes that the beam theory that incorporates both the rotary inertia and shear deformation as is known presently, with shear correction factor included, should be referred to as the Timoshenko-Ehrenfest beam theory.
Modelling international monthly tourism demand at the micro destination level with climate indicators and web-traffic data
Authors: Emili Silvia , Figini Paolo , Guizzardi Andrea
Published: August 2019

We investigate if and how climate indicators and web-traffic data may improve the estimates of demand functions’ parameters, considering specific origins and destinations. Overall, augmented demand functions show better fit and more reliable price and income elasticities whether the demand is measured with arrivals or with overnights. However, heterogeneity stemming from the main type of tourism (business vs. cultural vs. sea and sun) affects both the web-based and the climate indicators better describing tourists demand as well as their optimal lags. Our findings highlight the utility of such prompt and territorial detailed information for local policymakers, showing, however, how sensitive different demand segments are to policy intervention.
‘This is my cheating ex’: Gender and sexuality in revenge porn
Authors: Hearn Jeff , Hall Matthew
Published: August 2019

Revenge pornography is the online, and at times offline, non-consensual distribution, or sharing, of explicit images by ex-partners, partners, others, or hackers seeking revenge or entertainment. In this article, we discursively analyse a selected range of electronic written texts accompanying explicit images posted by self-identified straight/gay/lesbian (male-to-female, female-to-male, male-to-male, female-to-female postings) on a popular revenge pornography website ‘MyEx.com’. Situating our analysis in debates on gender and sexuality, we examine commonalities and differences in the complex and sometimes contradictory ways in which gender and sexuality are invoked in posters’ accounts of their motivations for revenge pornography.
Difference modeling for design space exploration and comparison of three-dimensional structural simulation results
Authors: Thelin Christopher , Bunnell Spencer , Salmon John , Gorrell Steve
Published: August 2019

Design space exploration is an important part of design in engineering fields. Recent research employs surrogate models to emulate finite element analyses across a design space, allowing rapid design space exploration. With interactive speeds, there exists a need for tools that help designers compare designs to one another. This difference model is comprised of a three-dimensional rendering of the geometry with the location and magnitude of differences between the two designs displayed as colors on the model surface. This visualization is combined with juxtaposed views of the objects being compared. A user experiment was conducted with 28 volunteers to demonstrate whether or not including the difference model in the visualization can improve speed and accuracy for various comparative design tasks. It was found that, for certain comparison tasks, there is indeed statistical evidence that using the difference model alongside the two juxtaposed views improved speed and accuracy when making design judgments between two different designs.
Role of PDL1 as a prognostic marker in renal cell carcinoma: a prospective observational study in eastern India
Authors: Kumar Barun , Ghosh Amlan , Datta Chhanda , Pal Dilip Kumar
Published: August 2019

Background:

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common genitourinary malignancies. Programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1) is an immune checkpoint inhibitor, instrumental in ‘T cell escape’ of malignant cells. PDL1 has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in multiple small studies. In this study, we want to study the role of PDL1 as a prognostic marker in RCC in an Indian population.

Methods:

A total of 30 patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy, with histopathological findings of RCC, were included in the study. PDL1 expression was studied in tumour tissue with immunohistochemistry. Patients were followed up for a period of 2 years for disease recurrence and cancer-specific mortality.

Results:

Expression of PDL1 was seen to be associated with higher grade and stage at presentation. PDL1 expression was also associated with statistically significant increased incidence of disease recurrence. Although cancer-specific mortality was higher in patients with positive PDL1 expression, it was seen to be statistically insignificant.

Conclusions:

PDL1 is a novel prognostic marker for RCC and is associated with poor prognosis. More studies with larger patient pool and multicentric studies will establish the role of PDL1 with certainty. This can be the torchbearer for the future management of RCC.
The best universities of the world and ours: A comparison of the economics major curricula
Authors: Zanzzi Fabricio , Bernabé Lorena , Fernández Jair , Marquez-Pinoargote Claudia
Published: August 2019

This research compared the economics curriculum of the economics undergraduate programs of the best universities in the world, and those of universities within a developing country (Ecuador), in order to show the basic formal differences and the common characteristics (intra-rankings and inter-rankings). The proposed comparison criteria were the academic load, the professional approach, and the common core courses. We found that, in the best universities in the world, the students must study between 30 and 40 courses. It is almost half than in Ecuador. In the group with the lower status the distribution of courses was more dispersed. Another difference was that low-level local universities teach courses of general application, and those of worldwide category are focused in teaching only specific economics courses.
Is Microendoscopic Discectomy Effective for Patients With Concomitant Lumbar Disc Herniation and Spondylolysis?
Authors: Oshima Yasushi , Inanami Hirohiko , Iwai Hiroki , Koga Hisashi , Takano Yuichi , Oshina Masahito , Oka Hiroyuki , Tanaka Sakae
Published: August 2019

Study Design:

A retrospective cohort study.

Objective:

Although it is controversial whether to choose only discectomy or fusion surgery in patients with disc herniation and spondylolysis, we expected that aggravation of the spondylolysis may be prevented if posterior supporting muscles can be well-preserved without extensive exploration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of L5 spondylolysis on surgical outcomes following microendoscopic discectomy (MED) in patients with concomitant lumbar disc herniation and spondylolysis.

Methods:

We reviewed 811 patients who underwent MED for L4/5 or L5/S1 disc herniation. Patients with spondylolisthesis were excluded. We compared surgical outcomes of patients with and without L5 spondylolysis, whose age, sex, and surgical level were matched.

Results:

A total of 655 patients (80.7%) with complete data were considered eligible for the study. MED was performed at L4/5 and L5/S1 in 338 and 317 patients, respectively. A total of 20 patients (3.1%) had concomitant L5 spondylolysis and disc herniation at L4/5 (9 patients) or L5S1 (11 patients). As we compared each outcome of the 20 patients having L5 spondylolysis with 40 matched patients without L5 spondylosis, there were no significant differences in preoperative or postoperative outcomes between the 2 groups, and no patient with spondylolysis had undergone additional surgery during the mean follow-up period of 24 months.

Conclusions:

MED demonstrated good surgical results regardless of the presence or absence of spondylolysis. In patients with sciatica with concomitant disc herniation and spondylolysis, but without spondylolisthesis, fusion surgery may not be always necessary.
Solid Waste Management Cost Function Analysis in Industrialising Cities: Lessons from the Healthcare Sector
Authors: Parthan S. R. , Milke M. W. , Sheerin I.
Published: August 2019

Better solid waste management (SWM) is a critical need for many industrialising cities in the world, with institutional and financial issues critical to improving management. Great progress was made from 1970–2000 in estimating the costs for healthcare in industrialising cities, while to date very little progress has been made in improving cost function analyses on SWM. The similarities between the two sectors are strong, and the history of healthcare cost function analysis used to elucidate a pathway to improved cost function analyses for industrialising cities. The following cost function issues are explored: economy of scale, marginal cost analysis, cost function analysis, economies of scope, relationship between size of service provider and costs, accounting for outpatient and informal sector activities, input prices and ownership and control. The recommendation is that future work on SWM cost analysis should prioritise (1) analysis of which variables need to be included or can be excluded in cost function analysis, (2) use of cost functions to analyse questions related to service provision and (3) collection of more and more appropriate data to allow development of cost functions analysis methods specifically suited to SWM in industrialising cities.
Vection, Vertigo, and the Historical Novel
Authors: Lee Yoon Sun
Published: August 2019

Although accounts of the realist novel have not always adequately examined the experience of movement through space, this embodied epistemology is critical to the genre's development. Drawing on the physiology of perception as investigated by Erasmus Darwin and others, Scott makes the realist novel historical through the representation of motion as vertiginous sensation and as a problematic register of experience. The very uncertainty of the sensation of motion evokes history as a horizon rather than as a causal sequence. The term vection came to be used later in the nineteenth century to refer to sensory uncertainty about whether movement in space is one's own or a sensation produced by external objects. For Scott, the related phenomena of vertigo and vection become perceptual metonyms of historical change. In the plot of vection, as opposed to the plot of action, movement cannot always be identified as forward or backward, up or down, as self-motion or as the ambient motion of the world. His novels engage the question of large-scale epochal historical transitions through the micro-level of the sensory experience of movement.
Flaubert versus the Enlightenment: The Libidinal Economy of Knowledge in Bouvard et Pécuchet
Authors: Wallen James Ramsey
Published: August 2019

This article reads Flaubert's unfinished final novel Bouvard et Pécuchet as a two-volume epic that demonstrates the secret of the encyclopedia: the fact that different calculi of truth functions can be seen to operate independently in different areas of knowledge, that knowledge itself contains contradictions. Taking Lukács's distinction between “narrative” and “descriptive” realism as a starting point, I argue that Bouvard in fact “narrates” the very changes Lukács describes, depicting a historical shift that speaks not only to changes in literary practice but to fundamental changes in the theory and organization of knowledge itself (compare Umberto Eco's From Tree to Labyrinth). Drawing on Bernard Stiegler's theory of the “proletarianization of consumption” in the postmodern “libidinal economy,” I read Flaubert as offering a prophetic Marxist critique of the political economy (centered around the consumption of information) that determines Bouvard and Pécuchet's estate. The novel's structure as an immoralist bildungsroman—in which the protagonists’ faithful pursuit of Enlightenment ideals eventually leads them to directly reject those ideals—corresponds to and predicts the situation diagnosed by Stiegler in For a New Critique of Political Economy. Finally, I point to a cycle of sublimation and desublimation in the novel regarding knowledge and stupidity, a complex cycle that nonetheless makes it possible to read the ascetic-aesthetic copy-mapping project of volume 2 (the Sottisier) as a cynical but effective response to dehumanizing capitalist processes like proletarianization and the desublimation of knowledge.
The Ghost in the Account Book: Conrad, Faulkner, and Gothic Incalculability
Authors: Im Seo Hee
Published: August 2019

“The Ghost in the Account Book” claims that the imperial fiction of Joseph Conrad and William Faulkner rejects accounting as a totalizing logic and, by extension, questions the English novel's complicity in propagating faith in that false logic. Accounting, which had remained unobtrusively immanent to realist novels of empire such as Mansfield Park and Great Expectations, surfaces to the diegetic level and becomes available for critical scrutiny in high modernist novels such as Heart of Darkness or Absalom, Absalom! Drawing from writings by Max Weber (on guarantees of calculability) and Mary Poovey (on the accuracy effect), this essay attends to the dandy accountant of Heart of Darkness, the accretive narrative structure of Nostromo, and Shreve's recasting of Sutpen's life as a debtor's farce in Absalom, Absalom! If Conrad bluntly equates accounting with lying, Faulkner reveals secrets elided in rows of debit and credit one by one as sensational truths; to those ends, both writers invoke Gothic conventions. By dispatching the totalizing technique that had been invented by early modern merchants and finessed by realist novelists to generate faith in a stable fiduciary community, Conrad and Faulkner impel the invention of newer forms and figures with which to express the new imperial (and later, postcolonial) world order.
Some (p, q)-analogues of Apostol type numbers and polynomials
Authors: Acikgoz Mehmet , Araci Serkan , Duran Ugur
Published: August 2019

We consider a new class of generating functions of the generalizations of Bernoulli and Euler polynomials in terms of (p, q)-integers. By making use of these generating functions, we derive (p, q)-generalizations of several old and new identities concerning Apostol–Bernoulli and Apostol–Euler polynomials. Finally, we define the (p, q)-generalization of Stirling polynomials of the second kind of order v, and provide a link between the (p, q)-generalization of Bernoulli polynomials of order v and the (p, q)-generalization of Stirling polynomials of the second kind of order v.
Lucas numbers of the form (2t/k)
Authors: Irmak Nurettin , Szalay László
Published: August 2019

Let Lm denote the mth Lucas number. We show that the solutions to the diophantine equation (2t/k) = Lm, in non-negative integers t, k ≤ 2t−1, and m, are (t, k, m) = (1, 1, 0), (2, 1, 3), and (a, 0, 1) with non-negative integers a.
A new approach in topology via elements of an ideal
Authors: Ekici Erdal
Published: August 2019

New approaches in topology or related branches of mathematics have contributed in a valuable way to the science, and have yielded various new topics for investigation. The main goal of this paper is to examine a new approach and so a new form of open sets via elements of an ideal. The concept of α*ɪ-open sets is introduced and discussed.
About the convergence type of improper integrals defining fractional derivatives
Authors: Kalam B. , Vainikko G.
Published: August 2019

This article continues the analysis of the class of fractionally differentiable functions. We complete the main result of [4] that characterises the class of fractionally differentiable functions in terms of the pointwise convergence of certain improper integrals containing these functions. Our aim is to present an example, which shows that in order to obtain all fractionally differentiable functions, one may not replace the conditional convergence of those integrals by their absolute convergence.
recruitment: How early years can man up
Authors: Wright David , Brownhill Simon
Published: August 2019

Why are there so few men in the early years, and what can be done to improve recruitment, ask David Wright and Simon Brownhill in an extract from their book
Technology and innovation in Southern Europe’s agri-food sector: A Delphi study
Authors: Archontakis Fragiskos , Anastasiadis Foivos
Published: August 2019

Structural problems in Southern Europe are well documented. Among several recommendations to overcome these issues technology, technological adoption and innovation seem to be of paramount importance for sustainable growth. This article sheds light on the ways in which sustainability could lead to profitable business and further growth of the agri-food sector development. The Delphi technique identifies factors likely to influence agri-food sector in the near future. The findings suggest that further progress is necessary in both social sustainability and technological innovation fields. To this end, the lack of entrepreneurial mentality is also addressed.
The effect of marketing mix and after sales service toward brand equity
Authors: Bakhshinezhad shamami Roya , Kheiry Bahram
Published: August 2019

The present research aimed to study the effect of the marketing mix (price, product, place, promotion) and after-sales services on three dimensions of brand equity (perceived quality, brand loyalty, and brand awareness) using the Aaker Model. After-sales service in the automotive industry is emphasized as a key and effective element in the promotion of perceived quality, brand loyalty, brand equity, and even products pricing. It is a descriptive survey in which the required data were collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population included the buyers of products of Iran Khodro Diesel Company who have used the sales and after-sales services of this company, 384 of whom were selected as the sample. The obtained data were analyzed using Smart PLS-2 and SPSS-21. The results indicated that product; place (distribution), promotion (advertisement), and after-sales services have a significant impact on dimensions of brand equity.
PERSOALAN YANG TERSISA DALAM SISTEM PRESIDENSIIL PASCA AMANDEMEN UUD 1945
Authors: Sa'adah Nabitatus
Published: August 2019

Sejarah ketatanegaraan menunjukkan sebelum adanya amandemen UUD 1945 ada ketidaktegasan sistem pemerintahan yang dianut.  Perubahan UUD 1945 sistem pemerintahan yang dianut di Indonesia disepakati dipertegas dengan memilih sistem pemerintahan presidensiil. Meskipun dalam  perubahan UUD 1945 sampai perubahan keempat terlihat adanya upaya kesungguhan menuju purifakasi sistem presidensial tetapi masih ada beberapa hal yang tertinggal dan dianggap masih belum mendukung pelaksanaan sistem presidensial dan hal demikian tentunya mempunyai implikasi dalam sistem ketatanegaraan. Hal ini terlihat dalam mekanisme legislasi sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 20 ayat (2,3) UUD NRI tahun 1945. Hal lain yang masih belum sesuai dengan sitem presidensiil adalah terkait dengan sistem multi partai yang dianut. Sistem multi partai dapat menimbulkan praktik kenegaraan yang tidak sehat baik dalam penyusunan kabinet, legislasi, implementasi kebijakan pemerintah.
Does the Frequency of Using Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication Signal Creativity?
Authors: Niezabitowska Agata , Oleszkiewicz Anna , Pieniak Michał
Published: August 2019

Nowadays many human interactions take place in the virtual environment. To express emotions and attitudes in computer-mediated communication (CMC) individuals use emoticons - graphic representations of emotions and ideas. Contemporary applications serving computer-mediated communication (CMC) are provided with a broad spectrum of emoticons which may be used in communication. Variety of emoticons gives users of CMC an opportunity to create unique messages and express emotions in a creative manner. This study involved 275 online respondents and aimed to verify whether the frequency of emoticons use may be predicted by the three characteristics of creativity (creative abilities, openness, independence). Bayesian regression analysis showed that creativity does not predict frequency of emoticons use in CMC. No correspondence between creativity and frequency of emoticons use may be explained by pragmatic function of emoticons as they are used to communicate efficiently with an emphasis on the sender-recipient shared understanding of the emoticons meaning. What is more, robust popularity of communication applications leads to widespread employment of emoticons by CMC users. Therefore, with growing number of emoticons users’ creative individuals may seek less common means of expressing own creativity.
A Golden Age for Creativity Research: Interview with Dean Keith Simonton
Authors: Simonton Dean Keith , Lebuda Izabela
Published: August 2019

In the interview with Dean Keith Simonton, one of most prolific creativity researchers, we discuss his career, main areas of research interest, chosen research methods and share his thoughts about the future of research on creativity and effectiveness in scientific work.
Description and assessment of a neurosurgery shadowing and research program: A paradigm for early and sustained exposure to academic neurosurgery
Authors: Duy Phan Q. , Negoita Serban , Mahajan Uma V. , Diab Nicholas S. , Agarwal Ank A. , Gupte Trisha , Paranjpe Manish D. , Anderson William S.
Published: August 2019

Objective

To describe and assess the educational value of a functional neurosurgery clinical shadowing and research tutorial for pre-medical trainees.

Design

Program participants observed functional neurosurgery procedures and conducted basic science and clinical research in neurosurgery fields. Former participants completed a brief online survey to evaluate their perspectives and experiences throughout the tutorial.

Setting

Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Participants

15 pre-medical and post-baccalaureate trainees participated in the tutorial. All former tutorial participants were emailed.

Results

11/15 former participants responded to the survey. Survey results suggest that the tutorial program increased participants’ understanding of and interest in neurosurgery and related fields in neuroscience.

Conclusions

The functional neurosurgery medical tutorial provides valuable clinical and research exposure in neurosurgery fields for pre-medical trainees. Our work is a preliminary step in addressing the crucial challenge of training the next generation of neurosurgeon-scientists by providing a pedagogical paradigm for development of formal experiences that integrate original scientific research with clinical neurosurgery exposure.
Women and children first
Authors: Hodson Claire M.
Published: August 2019

The last two decades have seen an exponential rise in scholarly interest and research into childhood, and children, in the past (e.g. Scheuer & Black 2000; Baxter 2005; Lewis 2007; Finlay 2013; Halcrow et al. 2018). Multiple publications have explored the scholarly origins of the field, detailing its complex and multidisciplinary development (Prout 2005; Halcrow & Tayles 2008; Lillehammer 2015; Mays et al. 2017). Several authors (e.g. Lillehammer 2015; Mays et al. 2017) have also, very successfully, synthesised extant research themes and investigations, and proposed future research directions. Consequently, although this field is in its relative infancy, its voice is louder than ever as the importance of studies of childhood and children in the past is realised.
Using Multiple Methods to Evaluate Associations Among Externalizing Psychopathology, Personality, and Relationship Quality: A Replication and Extension
Authors: Wildey Mikhila N. , Donnellan M. Brent , Klump Kelly L. , Burt S. Alexandra
Published: August 2019

The current study evaluated associations among externalizing psychopathology, personality, and relationship quality in a sample of 794 couples. Personality and psychopathology were assessed using dimensional measures, and relationship attributes were assessed with both self-report and observer reports of videotaped interactions. Results were consistent with prior work (i.e., Humbad, Donnellan, Iacono, & Burt, 2010) such that greater externalizing psychopathology remained a significant predictor of lower relationship adjustment, while controlling for personality traits. Importantly, dimensional measures of externalizing psychopathology showed stronger associations with relationship adjustment when compared to symptom count measures used in Humbad et al. (2010). These results highlight the importance of replication and extension studies, the usefulness of dimensional measures of psychopathology, and the value of multiple methods of assessment to increase confidence in the robustness of associations between pathological attributes of personality and features of romantic relationships.
The FORCE Metaphor in Conceptualizing Economic Recession
Authors: Cibulskienė Jurga
Published: August 2019

Cognitive metaphor analysts comprehend metaphor as a convenient way of not only talking about real life events but also thinking about them: connecting ideas, explaining abstract ideas that are difficult to grasp, conveying messages and emotions, etc. Thus, metaphor in real-world discourse is increasingly becoming the focus of many cognitive studies. In political discourse, metaphor is seen as an ideological tool of deliberate attempts to influence, persuade and manipulate people. As Charteris-Black (2005: 16) put it, politicians try to establish themselves in a positive light or legitimize themselves, i.e., by presenting evidence that they are charismatic leaders who are capable of running their country efficiently. Legitimization goes hand in hand with delegitimization, i.e., negative other-presentation. Metaphor as a cognitive mechanism of ideology may serve both as positive self-representation and as a tool for fault-finding in others. Thus, the study focuses on how three Lithuanian socio-political groups (the leading party, the opposition, and the media) legitimize themselves and delegitimize their opponents by using force metaphors to conceptualize the worldwide economic recession. The findings indicate that although the same conceptual metaphor is used for legitimization and delegitimization, its fulfilment scenario appears to be markedly different and it carries different rhetorical implications in the three discourses.
Conceptual Metaphors in Basketball Discourse
Authors: Toleikienė Reda , Būdvytytė-Gudienė Aina
Published: August 2019

This article presents part of the research performed within the scope of the national project “Conceptual Metaphors in Public Discourse,”1 financed by the Research Council of Lithuania. The aim of the present paper is to analyze conceptual metaphors in the discourse of the European Basketball Championship which took place in Kaunas, Lithuania in 2011, as well as to determine the source concepts. The analysis allows certain features of the images which are used while conceptualizing the entities related to basketball to be described. The metaphorical collocations drawn from the Lithuanian language corpora and web portals (www.delfi.lt and www.lrytas.lt) were selected and analyzed from 31 August 2011 to 18 September 2011. A conceptual metaphor is defined as an interaction of two conceptual fields (source and target concepts). On the basis of the analyzed conceptual sayings, the reconstructed conceptual metaphors proved that the most prolific metaphors are of war, ontology, and scale. In basketball discourse, the war metaphor is characterized by the fact that the image of sport is war is supplemented by other source concepts (e.g.,a person, a building, a thing, a material, a scale). The features of two or sometimes even three source concepts are ascribed to the target concept.
Types of Interlinguistic Homonymy: A Review of Standpoints
Authors: Kaleta Radosław
Published: August 2019

This paper reviews the more important standpoints concerning interlinguistic homonymy in a broad sense. It is a comparison of various opinions published during the last 50 years by researchers from the former USSR, Slovakia, Poland, and Western Europe. The paper shows many different terms and types of interlinguistic homonymy and explains what they result from. It also examines interlinguistic paronymies, interlinguistic synonymia, and false friends. There is no single precise definition of interlinguistic homonymy—there are a lot of different definitions concerning this issue. Some researchers claim that interlinguistic paronymies and interlinguistic homonymy are the same issue. Others claim that it is impossible to describe them together, for instance in one dictionary. The opinions of researchers are various and sometimes opposed. Not everybody believes that interlinguistic homonymy really exists, leading to frequent denials of the term interlinguistic homonymy. Homonymy is an issue which usually exists within one language—not among two or three (or more) languages. Many researchers have tried to explain this topic but each of them has understood interlinguistic homonymy differently. The paper considers doctor Katarzyna Wojan from the University of Gdansk, who shows a lot of very interesting precise definitions. She uses her own terms to be more precise and to avoid being misunderstood.
The Significance of Interslavonic Language Contacts in the Formation of a New Type of Literary Russian
Authors: Garbul Liudmila
Published: August 2019

This article presents facts verifying the presence of nearly 1,000 lexical and over 300 semantic Polonisms found in the Russian chancery language (diplomatic correspondence) of the Muscovite state of the end of 16th and the first half of the 17th cen­turies, and draws conclusions about the role of the Polish influence on the Russian written language at that time and thereafter. According to our data, the Polish influence on the Russian written language in the first half of the 17th century extended both in terms of quantity and quality as well, which led to the close interaction of the lexical and semantic systems of the contiguous languages on a deeper level. This, in our opinion, allows us to discuss the fact that the production of the Posolsky Prikaz (ambassadorial office) in the second half of the 16th–17th centuries acted not only as one of the main channels of the Polonisation of Russian lexis, but—due to the rather large amount of semantic borrowings, as well as the increasing number of intraslavonic derivates among lexical borrowings in the 17th century— encouraged the extension of the influence of Polish culture in a broader aspect as well. This was reflected in the strategy of the formation of Muscovite Russian language policy, when the southwestern Russian language, which in its turn represented the borrowing of the Polish language situation, was being transformed onto the Great Russian soil. It should be pointed out that the prostaja mova, which—due to the absence of its equivalent in Great Russian conditions—played a great role and acted as an active mediator in Polish–Russian language contacts, influenced the chancery language of the Muscovite state, espe­cially diplomatic correspondence.
Embodiment of the Concept of Time in William Faulkner’s “As I Lay Dying” and Virginia Woolf’s “To the Lighthouse”
Authors: Ulvydienė Loreta , Buivytė Giedrė
Published: August 2019

This article applies the theory of cognitive semantics as a framework for interpreting the embodiment of the concept of time in two modernist novels written using the stream-ofconsciousness technique: William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying (1930) and Virginia Woolf’s To the Lighthouse (1927). Metaphorical projections of time are investigated as: being based on image schemas, structuring bodily experience, and cross-domain conceptual mappings. The motion of time in accordance with the life events and mental states of the characters is analysed as a reflection of cognitive structures containing the concept of time or referring to it metaphorically. We claim that time in To the Lighthouse is conceptualised by elaborating concepts of distance, space and water, while in As I Lay Dying time is conceptualised in a bidirectional in–out relation with the human body, as a destructive force and as spatial distance. Moreover, as the space of time proposes a model of a continuum in which a certain space may be active only in a certain moment of time, the important notion of being beyond time is discussed. Ultimately, the conclusion is drawn that the conceptualisation of time as distance, noticed in To the Lighthouse, is also found in As I Lay Dying. Both Woolf and Faulkner respond to elusive and obscure modern temporality and succeed in creating links between the past and the present.
The Anthropological Model of Reading “Prescription for Soul and Body Against Epidemic Air” by 16th Century Priest Hieronim Powodowski
Authors: Krzysztofik Małgorzata
Published: August 2019

This article joins the newest trends of scientific studies on the anthropology of literature and the anthropology of the human body. It discusses a set of instructions written at the end of the 16th century by a clergyman, Hieronim Powodowski. His Prescription for soul and body against epidemic air tells readers how to avoid a plague. In those times, people’s reactions to infectious epidemic diseases were panic-stricken—an understandable response, as the death rate from plague could exceed 70%. In this article, I analyse the religious and cultural relation of spiritual–physical, and discuss the theological issues raised by the text (the picture of God). I describe the aspects of reality which, from the point of view of a renaissance preacher, are connected with the spiritual domain (God and the soul) and those which are physical (the body under a deadly threat). I also answer the question of how these two domains influence each other. Medical discourse and theological discourse are closely connected in Prescription…, as the text is rooted in biblical anthropology, according to which the spiritual and physical elements of a human being are in unity. Physical illness is a specific sign of the relation between these two elements. For this reason, humans could not be understood from the physical or the spiritual point of view alone. The entire meaning is revealed only in their connection and interdependence.