bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on the Optimization of Unsupervised Clustering Models in Healthcare
Authors: QUISPE HILASACA SALOME MARGARET
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To analyze the optimization of unsupervised clustering models in healthcare, identifying applied algorithms, evaluation metrics used, and the main methodological and practical challenges in their implementation. Methodology: A systematic review of articles indexed in Scopus between 2010 and 2024, focused on biomedical applications of clustering, was conducted. Studies employing algorithms such as k-means, hierarchical clustering, hybrid techniques, and advanced methods, with robust validation metrics such as the Silhouette index, principal component analysis (PCA), and data imputation techniques, were selected. Results: The most commonly used algorithms were k-means and fuzzy c-means, along with hybrid approaches integrating artificial intelligence and deep learning. Notable clinical applications included patient segmentation in multimorbidity, oncology, and medical image analysis. Clustering facilitated the identification of complex patterns, clinical subgroups, and risk stratification, improving diagnostics and personalized treatments. Challenges identified included high data dimensionality, clinical heterogeneity, lack of metric standardization, and the need for interpretable results. Conclusions: The optimization of unsupervised clustering models holds high potential in precision medicine and clinical decision-making. Overcoming challenges such as dimensionality reduction, result validation, and integration with advanced techniques is crucial to strengthening their applicability in real-world contexts.
Low-Carbon Power Technology Innovation: Addressing Environmental Protection, Land Use, and Community Rights
Authors: Luo Dongwen
Published: December 2024

The rapid advancement of low-carbon technologies, such as wind and nuclear power, introduces critical ethical challenges, including conflicts between environmental protection, land use, and community rights. This study presents a comprehensive framework to address these conflicts through data-driven optimization and ethical analysis. First, a robust data collection and modeling process is established to quantify energy demand and renewable adoption trends. Multi-objective optimization using the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) and Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) methods is then applied to balance conflicting objectives (Weng, Y., & Wu, J., 2024). The results reveal significant improvements in energy efficiency, carbon reduction, and stakeholder satisfaction, with MOPSO demonstrating superior performance. Ethical considerations are integrated through an impact vs. satisfaction analysis (Gao, D., Shenoy, R., Yi, S., Lee, J., Xu, M., Rong, Z., ... & Chen, Y., 2023), which highlights the positive correlation between ecological benefits and public acceptance. Finally, a sensitivity analysis validates the robustness of the proposed solutions under varying conditions. The findings emphasize the potential of combining advanced algorithms with ethical frameworks to design sustainable and socially equitable low-carbon energy systems.
Backup Heat Energy Source for the Cabin of Electric Vehicles Operating in the Northern Regions of the Planet at Extremely Low Atmospheric Temperatures (Down to -45°C)
Authors: Shvetsov Alexey V.
Published: December 2024

An external heat supply is a necessary factor of human life in northern regions with severe cold climates. When traveling in modern electric vehicles (EVs), the cabin heater included in the design of the electric vehicle is used to generate the heat necessary to warm people in the EV cabin. Providing this heat to people in the cabin of an electric vehicle when traveling on intercity roads, in sparsely populated areas with low traffic, in winter, at extremely low atmospheric temperatures is a critical factor. For example, an emergency stop of the electric vehicle (e.g. in the case of a road accident, EV breakdown or battery discharge), followed by the cessation of heat generation by the cabin heater, can lead to frostbite and death of the occupants of the cabin from exposure to low atmospheric temperatures. Such an outcome is possible if help (from rescuers, car service, etc.) does not arrive in a prompt manner, which is likely due to the fact that the nearest settlement from which help can arrive can often be tens of kilometers away, and traffic on such roads can be one car per several hours, which makes it not always possible to get help from passing cars. It is not uncommon in northern regions to have heavy snowfalls with blizzards, which can also force the driver to stop the electric car and wait for help. In this paper, a backup electric heater for the cabin of an electric vehicle is proposed, which can provide autonomous heat generation for heating people in the cabin, even if the EV itself is completely inoperable. The backup heater is designed to use lithium-iron-phosphate batteries in its structure, which are safer than lithium-ion batteries. An experiment was carried out, providing data on the duration of the backup heater operation at three different atmospheric temperature ranges (-20°C to -25°C, -30°C to -35°C, and -40°C to -45°C) and the temperatures level reached in different parts of the EV cabin. Data on the dynamics of temperature decrease in the EV cabin to a critically low level (after switching off the heat generation source) were also obtained.
O processo comunicativo na Educação Infantil em tempos de pandemia: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Ramos Daniela Karine , Carvalho Viviane de
Published: December 2024

Esta revisão tem o objetivo de analisar estudos que abordam o processo comunicativo entre a instituição de educação infantil e suas respectivas famílias, durante o período da pandemia. A revisão que se caracteriza como de escopo foi conduzida nas bases de dados Web of Science e a Scopus e observou duas etapas, a primeira analisou os resumos e a segunda o texto completo, pautando-se nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão definidos. A elegibilidade resultou em vinte e sete estudos que tiveram os dados extraídos e analisados. Pode-se concluir que a comunicação com as famílias foi fundamental para as práticas da primeira infância. Reconhece-se que o uso de ferramentas alternativas de comunicação pessoal ajudou os professores e as famílias a aumentarem a frequência da comunicação recíproca e a permanecerem engajados, porém identificam-se famílias sem acesso aos recursos necessários, o que dificultou o processo comunicativo e a aprendizagem da criança.
Autonomous Inspection System for Underground Pits Using an Articulated Mobile Robot
Authors: Tanaka Motoyasu , Miyamoto Sota , Takatsu Shigeaki , Kimura Yutaro , Tozawa Hironori
Published: December 2024

This study presents an autonomous inspection system for underground pits using an articulated mobile robot. The underground pit is composed of several rooms surrounded by concrete connected to each other by winding pipes. Based on an action list created in advance and environmental maps, the robot autonomously inspects the underground pit by switching between three actions: planar motion, winding pipe passing motion, and image capturing. In planar motion, the robot moves around the room while avoiding obstacles and crosses ditches through distinctive behaviors, switching the allocation of the grounded/ungrounded wheels. In the winding pipe-passing motion, the target path is autonomously generated based on the parameters of the winding pipe. Laboratory and field tests were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Motion Design of a Snake Robot to Move Between Two Adjacent Walls
Authors: Ariizumi Ryo , Mizuno Hiroto , Sasaki Hiroki , Asai Toru , Azuma Shun-ichi , Tanaka Motoyasu
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a novel motion design for a snake robot to move freely in a space between two adjacent walls. Snake robots are expected to be useful in several difficult environments because of their high degrees of freedom. Particularly, they are suitable for use in narrow spaces. However, freely moving in narrow spaces, such as spaces between two adjacent walls, remains an open problem. In this study, inspired by helical rolling motion, which is used to move on a pipe, we propose a novel motion method that enables a snake robot to move freely in a narrow space between two adjacent walls. The motion and model are validated using physical simulations.
Face Mask Surveillance Using Mobile Robot Equipped with an Omnidirectional Camera
Authors: Ejaz Sumiya , Yorozu Ayanori , Ohya Akihisa
Published: December 2024

Detecting humans in images not only provides vital data for a wide array of applications in intelligent systems but also allows for the classification of specific groups of individuals for authorization through various methods based on several examples. This paper presents a novel approach to classify persons wearing a face mask as an example. The system utilizes an omnidirectional camera on the mobile robot. This choice is driven by the camera’s ability to capture a complete 360° scene in a single shot, enabling the system to gather a wide range of information within its operational environment. Our system classifies persons using a deep learning model by gathering information from the equirectangular panoramic images, estimating a person’s position, and computing robot path planning without using any distance sensors. In the proposed method, the robot can classify two groups of persons: those facing the camera but without face masks and those not facing the camera. In both cases, the robot approaches the persons, inspects their face masks, and issues warnings on its screen. The evaluation experiments are designed to validate our system performance in a static indoor setting. The results indicate that our suggested method can successfully classify persons in both cases while approaching them.
Library Assessment & Decreasing Resources: Making Things Work
Authors: Newton Miller Laura
Published: December 2024

This paper reviews how assessment has evolved in the past ten years at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. From having 1.5 people devoted to assessment to one person in charge of assessment while also being Head of Collections, this paper will examine how it became imperative to determine how assessment could be integrated into the day to day workings of the library. By examining the library’s deployment of the Insync survey, reliance on external and internal university reports, assessment for strategic planning activities, and progression of how data is gathered over time, this paper will reveal how Carleton Library has reviewed the services, collection, and space in a time where assessment is important but the time to devote to it is lacking. Partnering with other departments on campus and within the library is key.
Study of the Co2 Hydrogenation Reaction for the Synthesis of Alcohols on Cu and Co-based Catalysts
Authors: de Oliveira Francisco Marcelo dos Santos , Gomes Janaina Fernandes
Published: December 2024

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main gas responsible for the greenhouse effect. Anthropogenic activities have increased the concentration of this gas in the atmosphere in recent years, intensifying the greenhouse effect and resulting in anomalous climate phenomena. CO2 recycling technologies have been developed with the aim of reducing the impacts of this gas on climate change. Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 for the generation of products of commercial interest, such as methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (C2H5OH), for example, is a technology that has attracted the attention of recent research, given the wide industrial applicability of these alcohols and the possibility of carbon recycling. In the present study, CO2 hydrogenation reaction was investigated to produce alcohols using catalysts based on cobalt, copper and a combination between cobalt and copper. It was observed that CuO-Co3O4-Al2O3 catalysts with different Co:Cu mass ratios have improved methanol productivity when compared to CuO-Al2O3 or Co3O4-Al2O3. Furthermore, the promotion of Co3O4-Al2O3 by 2 wt.% Na, K, Rb or Cs showed better catalytic performance for the formation of ethanol, increasing its productivity up to 25 times compared to the non-promoted cobalt catalyst. The highest ethanol productivity in the present work, corresponding to 5.3 µmol/gcat.h, was achieved using the 2 wt.% K-Co3O4-Al2O3 catalyst under the reaction conditions of T = 220 °C, P = Patm and GHSV = 24,000 mL/gcat.h.
A High-Performance 10mm Diameter MEMS Fast Steering Mirror with Integrated Piezoresistive Angle Sensors for Laser Inter-Satellite Links
Authors: Wu Zhenyu , Xue Wenli , Liu Yichen , Zhu Xingwang , Wang Mingkun , Weng Zhichao , Su Yongquan , Yang Yi , Zhao Hongfeng , Wang Yang , Chen Hao , Wang Lihao
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a compact and high-performance piezoelectric Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) designed for use in laser Inter-Satellite Links (ISLs). The FSM features a large optical aperture of 10 mm and is batch fabricated using an 8-inch wafer-level eutectic bonding process, packaged into a volume of 26 × 22 × 3 mm3. Notably, the piezoresistive (PZR) sensor is integrated on the spring of the FSM to facilitate precise beam control. Furthermore, an intermediate directional defect structure is novelly designed to create a Stress Concentration Region (SCR), effectively improving PZR sensitivity from 3.3 mV/(V·mrad) to 5.4 mV/(V·mrad). In this article, various performance metrics of the FSM are tested, including the mechanical characteristics, PZR sensor properties, and mirror optical quality, which all meet the requirements for laser ISLs. Results indicate that the FSM achieves a high resonant frequency (>1 kHz) and a low nonlinearity of 0.05%@±2.1 mrad. A remarkable minimum angular resolution of 0.3 μrad and a repeated positioning accuracy of 1.11 μrad ensure exceptional pointing precision. The open-loop control is driven by the double-step algorithm, resulting in a step response time of 0.41 ms and achieving a control bandwidth over 2 kHz. Additionally, the integrated angular sensor demonstrates a nonlinearity of 0.09%@±1.05 mrad, a sensitivity of 5.1 mV/(V·mrad), and a minimum angular resolution of 0.3 μrad. Under quasi-static driven conditions (500 Hz @±2 mrad), the maximum dynamic deformation of the mirror surface is merely 2 nm.
Quantum Nature of Spontaneous Two-Photon Emission in Semiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Liu Jin , Liu Shunfa , Wang Yangpeng , Saleem Yasser , Li Xueshi , Liu Hanqing , Yang Cheng-Ao , Yang Jiawei , Ni Hai-Qiao , Niu Zhichuan , Meng Yun , Hu Xiaolong , Yu Ying , Wang Xue-Hua , Cygorek Moritz
Published: December 2024

Spontaneous two-photon emission is a process in which the transition between two quantum states happens via simultaneous emissions of two identical photons. Such second-order quantum radiation is of paramount importance in astrophysics, atomic physics, and quantum technology. In particular, on-demand spontaneous two-photon emission from single quantum emitters has long been envisioned to revolutionize photonic quantum science and technology. To date, experimental realizations of two-photon emission at the single quanta level are still highly challenging yet elusive due to their low probabilities. In this work, we explore spontaneous two-photon emission from a single semiconductor quantum dot deterministically coupled to a high-quality microcavity in which the cavity resonances greatly enhance both excitation and emission processes. When the cavity is resonant to the half energy of the biexciton, the strong vacuum field in the cavity mode drives the biexciton to the ground state and simultaneously emits two photons into the cavity mode, resulting in two-photon emissions with a record brightness comparable to the competing single-photon process and sub-nanowatt power consumption. For the first time, the quantum nature associated with spontaneous two-photon emissions in the cavity quantum electrodynamics regime has been investigated via photon statistics measurements. Furthermore, spontaneous two-photon emission is exploited to build unconventional entangled quantum light sources with the unique advantage of combining the best of two worlds: near-unity entanglement fidelity for spontaneous parametric down-conversion source and on-demand photon emissions for atomic quantum emitters. Our work provides unprecedented insights into the two-photon process in the quantum regime and opens an unexplored avenue for pursuing optically reconfigurable quantum light sources with nonlinear quantum radiations.
Multicenter Evaluation of Label-Free Quantification in Human Plasma: Benchmarking with a High Dynamic Range Multispecies Sample Set
Authors: Distler Ute , Yoo Han , Kardell Oliver , Hein Dana , Sielaff Malte , Leps Christian , Scherer Marian , Gomez-Zepeda David , von Toerne Christine , Merl-Pham Juliane , Barth Teresa , Tüshaus  , Giesbertz Pieter , Müller Torsten , Kliewer Georg , Aljakouch Karim , Helm Barbara , Unger Henry , Frey Dario , Helm Dominic , Schwarzmüller Luisa , Popp Oliver , Qin Di , Wudy Susanne , Sinn Ludwig , Mergner Julia , Ludwig Christina , Imhof Axel , Küster Bernhard , Lichtenthaler Stefan , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Klingmueller Ursula , Mertins Philipp , Coscia Fabian , Ralser Markus , Muelleder Michael , Hauck Stefanie , Tenzer Stefan
Published: December 2024

Human plasma is routinely collected during clinical care and constitutes a rich source of biomarkers for diagnostics and patient stratification. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomics is a key method for plasma biomarker discovery, but the high dynamic range of plasma proteins poses significant challenges for MS analysis and data processing. To benchmark the quantitative performance of neat plasma analysis, we generated a multispecies sample set based on a human tryptic plasma digest containing varying low level spike-ins of yeast and E. coli tryptic proteome digests, termed PYE. The sample set was distributed across twelve different sites and analysed on state-of-the-art LC-MS platforms in data-dependent (DDA) and data-independent acquisition (DIA) modes, resulting in a total of 1,116 individual LC-MS runs. Centralized data analysis showed that DIA methods outperform DDA-based approaches regarding identifications, data completeness, accuracy, and precision. DIA achieved excellent technical reproducibility, as demonstrated by coefficients of variation (CVs) between 1.5% and 4.6% at protein level. Comparative analysis of different setups clearly shows a high overlap in identified proteins and proves that accurate and precise quantitative measurements are feasible across multiple sites, even in a complex matrix such as plasma, using state-of-the-art instrumentation. The collected dataset, including the PYE sample set and strategy presented, serves as a valuable resource for optimizing the accuracy and reproducibility of LC-MS and bioinformatic workflows for clinical plasma proteome analysis.
Optimization of a QuEChERS method for 15 pesticides followed by determination the transport behavior in cowpea-soil system
Authors: Wu Jiazhen , Li Yufei , Yue Xingsheng , Li Xingyue , Guo Kai , Yang Ye , Wang Meng , Liang Xiaoyu , Zhang Shanying , Zhang Yu
Published: December 2024

Pesticide residues have always been one of the food safe issues troubling consumers. Agricultural production is usually accompanied by a mixture of pesticides, and pesticide residues are not only present on plants but also contaminate soil in the environment. In this study, 15 pesticides commonly found in cowpea and soil were analyzed by optimizing QuEChERS and combining GC-MS/MS and HPLC. Various extractants and different methanol water ratios were evaluated to extract the pesticides from cowpea and soil.C18, PSA and GCB were used to purify the cowpea extracts, while in soil the ratios of de-watering agent and NaCl were optimized. The average recoveries were 91.81-109.95% and 89.89-104.08% in cowpea and soil at spiked levels of 0.0-1.0 mg/kg and 0.1-10.0 mg/kg, respectively. This method is suitable for the detection of pesticides in different types of soil (red soil, yellow soil, sandy soil, sandy loam soil, paddy soil) and different cowpea tissues. In addition, pesticide residues were detected and analyzed in the cowpea- sandy loam soil system. This demonstrates that the developed method can be used to detect the multiple pesticide in various types of soils and crops, and provides the necessary technical support for agricultural product pesticide detection and safety supervision.
Evaluation of emergency and critical care medicine residents’ accuracy in Electrocardiogram Interpretation in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Akalu Meron Tesfaye , Nigatu Demmelash Gezahegn , Hailemariam Tseganesh Mekonnen , Teferi Mikiyas Gifawosen
Published: December 2024

Background: The electrocardiogram is the diagrammatic representation of the heart’s electrical activity. Which can detect life-threatening conditions within minutes. It’s one of the major investigative modalities that emergency physicians should be accurate at. The accuracy of emergency residents varies from country to country, with improvement in interpretation as the year of residency increases. There have been no published papers on ECG interpretation among emergency residents up until now, but a study that was done on graduating medical students shows low competency.
Objective: To assess the accuracy of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine residents in ECG interpretation at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Saint Paul Millennium Medical College.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on emergency and critical care medicine residents of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Saint Paul Millennium Medical College. Data were collected from April 2021 to September 2021 using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered, cleaned, edited, and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 statistical analysis software. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.
Results: Fifty-seven emergency and critical care medicine residents were able to participate in this study, out of which 33 (57.9%) were from Addis Ababa University and 24 (42.1%) were from Saint Paul Millennium Medical College. The average score of EMCC residents on the interpretation of the ECGs was 29.5%. Only ten residents (17%) were able to correctly interpret >50% of the ECGs. Most of the residents who participated in this study were year 1 residents (49.1%), followed by year 2 residents (31.2%). Out of 15 ECG abnormalities, the commonly identified ones were polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (64.9%), normal sinus rhythm (49.1%), and double chamber pacemaker (45.6%). Year of residency (AOR 3.34, 95% CI: 1.1, 10.2) was found to be significantly associated with higher performance in ECG interpretation.
Conclusion: According to this study, emergency medicine and critical care residents have low accuracy in the interpretation of ECG, which is comparable to a study that was done in South Africa and Australia.
Study on the cooling performance of aviation gear oil with nanodiamonds as additives
Authors: Wei Lei , Yang Feihui , Xie Pan , He Jiajun , Cao Yongbin , Li Yixuan , Zhong Yifeng , Chen Song
Published: December 2024

In order to enhance the service performance of aviation gear oil. This work studied the effect on the cooling performance of aviation gear oil with nanodiamonds (NDs) as additives. Different contents (0.05 wt.%, 0.10 wt.%, 0.20 wt.%, 0.30 wt.%, 0.60 wt.%) of NDs were added into aviation gear oil, and different dispersants were used to disperse the NDs, which were compounded into highly dispersible NDs gear oils. Temperature rise tested by thermostatic water bath device. Molecular modeling to simulate the microscopic mechanism of nanodiamonds interaction with gear oil. The results showed that nanodiamonds could effectively enhance the cooling performance of aviation gear oil. The cooling performance was better with the increase of NDs content, which tended to stabilize at 0.6 wt.%. It was improved by 22.87% relative to the control. The longer the dispersion time, the worse the cooling performance of NDs gear oil. The interfacial bonding between the NDs molecules and the oil molecules enhanced the cooling rate of the gear oil. This study revealed the intrinsic mechanism of nanodiamonds as additives to enhance the cooling performance of gear oil. It provided theoretical guidance for the application of aviation gear oil and provided guarantee for the smooth operation of aviation equipment.
Large Language Models for Traditional Chinese Medicine Question Answering
Authors: Lee Yuen-Peng , Brooks Sean , Gilbert Connor
Published: December 2024

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gained considerable attention as a holistic healthcare approach, yet its complexity poses significant challenges for automated question-answering systems. This paper presents a novel method utilizing large language models (LLMs) to improve TCM-related QA by implementing a multi-turn prompt design. Our approach systematically guides LLMs through context-rich interactions that enhance their ability to understand and articulate TCM concepts. We conducted comprehensive experiments comparing our method against baseline prompting techniques and the Chain of Thought (CoT) approach across three state-of-the-art models: ChatGPT, Claude2, and GPT-4. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in response accuracy and contextual relevance, confirming the effectiveness of our prompting strategy. Our findings highlight the potential of advanced AI techniques in promoting the integration of TCM into modern healthcare practices.
Assessment of climate change for predicting water–energy–food–ecosystem nexus vulnerability in a semi-arid basin
Authors: Özcan Zeynep , Trinh Toan , Kavvas M. Levent , Alp Emre
Published: December 2024

The Water–Energy–Food–Ecosystem (WEFE) nexus highlights the interconnections between water, energy, food, and ecosystems. This study examines climate change's impact on precipitation and temperature in the semi-arid Sakarya Basin, assessing WEFE nexus vulnerability in the 21st century. Climate scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) from CCSM4 and MIROC5 were downscaled to 18 km grids for three periods (2020–2030; 2055–2065; 2090–2100) using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF). The assessment integrates these downscaled data with a range of socio-economic and environmental indicators across seven subbasins. In the most arid, agricultural subbasin, a 22% reduction in precipitation and a 2.9 °C temperature rise are projected. The most populous subbasin may face a 30% precipitation decline and a 3 °C temperature increase. A subbasin, crucial for hydroelectric power, could see a 14% precipitation decrease and a 3 °C temperature rise. These subbasins are identified as the most vulnerable in terms of agricultural productivity, municipal water demand, and energy generation, highlighting significant WEFE nexus challenges. Additionally, the ecosystem sector is highly vulnerable when evaluated against environmental flow parameters. Insights from this study will guide strategies to enhance WEFE nexus resilience in the Sakarya Basin and similar regions under changing climates.
Memorias vivas: la importancia educativa del pasado reciente y las pedagogías de la memoria
Authors: Pulga Cruz César Augusto
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo hace un recorrido conceptual por las formas como se entiende la memoria del pasado reciente y que, superando el debate sobre la subjetividad, vislumbran aspectos de construcción, significado e identificación de la acción social. Se abordan diferentes tipos de memoria: social, política, emblemática y ejemplar, que permiten descifrar los modos en que se utiliza y abusa de la memoria como herramienta, empleando algunas referencias de hechos internacionales. En ese marco, se propone una comprensión alternativa del pasado que, lejos de ser una crítica a la historiografía, contribuye al reconocimiento de las voces de las víctimas y sus aportes a la formación de memorias para la construcción de futuros posibles desde las aulas de clase en Colombia. En esa medida, se consideran aquellas memorias en disputa que pugnan por tener un lugar significativo en la escuela, en el currículo y, por ende, en las prácticas pedagógicas de los docentes, para configurar un marco simbólico que influya, desde la educación, en la forma en que la sociedad otorga sentido al pasado.
Teachers' and students' perspectives on the mastery, employability, and strengthening of university students in skills for lifelong learning
Authors: Prado Rebolledo Isela , Peña Cheng Lourdes Magdalena , Díaz Vargas Esperanza
Published: December 2024

The strengthening of graduates' competencies is directly related to the teaching-learning process, in which the main actors are teachers and students. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the perception of both actors, regarding the key competencies of lifelong learning required for employability. Therefore, the eight competencies for lifelong learning were considered as dimensions, as indicators: mastery, impact on employability and the need for strengthening. The study was carried out using a quantitative analytical methodology, with a cross-sectional, non-experimental and descriptive design. The instrument applied was a hierarchy of closed questions to university professors in Colombia and Mexico. The results were compared with previous research focused on the students' perception. This confirmed the hypotheses put forward, regarding the perceptions of lifelong learning competencies among teachers and university students. The academic community is invited to reflect on and question the function and functioning of universities; considering the perceptions of university students and taking into account gender and the conditions of the work environment, where technology becomes an essential actor.
Metacognición en el aula: la necesidad de trascender esfuerzos individuales para transformar el aprendizaje
Authors: Velásquez Jaramillo Mercedes
Published: December 2024

Este artículo tiene como propósito principal presentar la reflexión crítico-propositiva en torno al constructo de metacognición. Dicha reflexión emana de la revisión teórico conceptual de la metacognición en el ámbito de la educación, particularmente en los procesos de enseñanza. Es decir, reflexiona sobre la importancia que representa ser docentes metacognitivos en capacidad de promover la metacognición en el aula. Los resultados favorables para los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en diversas disciplinas, emanados de investigaciones que han seguido el rigor propio de cada enfoque de investigación, la convierten en un constructo digno de ser estudiado por sus implicaciones pedagógicas en la relación docente-estudiante y, más aún, invitan a hacerla partícipe activa en las prácticas de aula. Así, la propuesta de pensamiento gira alrededor de la necesidad de trascender las prácticas individuales de éxito y la necesidad de atender, desde el conocimiento de la regulación metacognitiva, los contextos educativos que plantea la post-pandemia. Se concluye que tal transferencia es posible en presencia de una metacognición transformativa que se vale del docente investigador que, además de insertar cambios en su práctica de aula, impacta su comunidad mediante la investigación y formación de comunidades de aprendizaje.
Cuidando nuestro entorno
Authors: Rodríguez Fonseca Francis Yuliana , Miranda Villa Patricia Paola , Camargo Caicedo Yiniva
Published: December 2024

La cartilla Cuidando nuestro entorno: guía para el manejo de residuos sólidos es un recurso informativo, resultado del proyecto de investigación realizado en la comunidad de la finca Providencia, en Fundación, Magdalena. Este material busca promover el manejo eficiente de los residuos sólidos mediante métodos respetuosos con el medio ambiente, impulsando prácticas que mejoren tanto la gestión de residuos como la productividad agrícola. La cartilla ofrece conceptos básicos, desde la definición de residuos sólidos hasta su disposición final, abordando temas claves sobre el origen, clasificación y tipos de residuos, elementos esenciales para su adecuada gestión. Además, incluye estrategias específicas para un manejo responsable de cada tipo de residuo, enfatizando en la educación ambiental temprana para fomentar una conciencia ecológica en la comunidad. Así mismo, se explora el concepto de economía circular como oportunidad para transformar los residuos sólidos en recursos útiles, con ejemplos de empresas colombianas dedicadas a esta labor, brindando ejemplos de cómo los residuos pueden ser reutilizados para distintas actividades. La cartilla con la exposición de ejemplos de buenas prácticas de reciclaje, como el manejo de aceite de cocina usado y la creación de ecobotellas, invitando a la comunidad a adoptar pequeñas acciones cotidianas que contribuyan al cuidado ambiental y la sostenibilidad.
A prestação do serviço de Segurança Pública da Polícia Militar no município de Natal/RN
Authors: CÂMARA DE OLIVEIRA HILDERLINE , Marconiedson Siqueira Guglienio , Maia Junior Júlio Mário
Published: December 2024

A relação polícia e sociedade constitui-se numa engrenagem histórica que tem produzido diversas situações capazes de questionar a própria essência do Estado, merecendo investigação. Diante dessa realidade, questiona-se: como a população de Natal (RN) avalia a prestação do serviço de segurança pública prestado pela Polícia Militar do Rio Grande do Norte (PMRN)? Assim, o escopo geral deste estudo é investigar a partir da população do município de Natal quanto à prestação do serviço de segurança pública da PMRN. Quanto ao percurso metodológico, o presente estudo caracteriza-se por ser uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa. No processo de coleta de dados, foi utilizada a técnica do questionário eletrônico, elaborado no Google Forms e distribuído aos moradores do município de Natal-RN, via grupos de WhatsApp, Telegram e E-mail. Os achados da pesquisa evidenciam que 67% dos participantes da pesquisa buscaria o serviço ofertado pela PMRN em situações de necessidade. Em relação a principal deficiência com relação ao serviço oferecido pela Polícia Militar, foram considerados como: insuficientes (34,8%), falta de planejamento adequado (25,4%) e burocracia excessiva (19,4%). Portanto, a Segurança Pública do RN ainda precisa avançar na qualidade da prestação dos serviços oferecidos à população, para isso, é necessário, maiores investimentos na formação e no aperfeiçoamento dos policiais militares, maior valorização profissional, além de aumento do efetivo nas ruas.
Desafios e (re)construções identitárias no Brasil: o legado desenvolvimentista e a diversidade cultural em diálogo com a América Latina
Authors: Luiza Ritz Bertocco
Published: December 2024

Este ensaio explora como as políticas desenvolvimentistas, impostas por potências econômicas, moldaram as dinâmicas políticas, sociais, econômicas e culturais de cada região, exacerbando desigualdades e desafios persistentes. Mediante análises de contextos históricos coloniais, modernos, bem como de práticas contemporâneas, o texto examina as lutas e reelaborações identitárias que surgem como respostas decoloniais às políticas desenvolvimentistas. Discute como a diversidade cultural da América Latina, longe de ser um obstáculo ao desenvolvimento, representa uma força vital na construção de identidades nacionais e na resistência a modelos externos de modernidade. Além disso, o trabalho investiga a maneira como os discursos produzidos por essas políticas impactaram a salvaguarda e a valorização do patrimônio cultural, bem como o modo com que novas medidas vêm sendo construídas. O estudo também trata do papel das políticas patrimoniais e do turismo tanto na preservação quanto na comercialização da cultura local, destacando a necessidade de abordagens que respeitem e valorizem as práticas daquela localidade, além de elaborar políticas públicas alinhadas com a realidade cotidiana de cada contexto.
Piper betle: Ancient Remedies and Modern Neuropharmacological Insights
Authors: Chowdhury Sejuti Ray , Ghosh Sourav
Published: December 2024

The traditional use of medicinal plants holds a wealth of ancient wisdom that inspires
modern research. Piper betle, generally recognized as betel leaf, is valued in traditional medicine
systems across various cultures for its diverse health benefits. The betel leaves have several significant
uses as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activity which help in neuroprotection.
Many phytochemicals are present in the betel leaves, including hydroxychavicol, caryophyllene,
eugenols, tannins, and polyphenols, which have positive activity on neurological and
other cognitive impairments. Some studies have shown that Piper betel has a cholinergic activity
that directly decreases the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which
are significantly associated with reduced levels of Acetylcholine (Ach) levels in cholinergic dysfunction.
This review article delves into the historical significance of Piper betle in traditional
medicine and its relevance to contemporary neuropharmacology. By revisiting the age-old wisdom
surrounding Piper betle, we aim to uncover its potential as a valuable source of natural neuropharmacological
agents for various neurological conditions.
Tinospora cordifolia: Medicinal and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Ansari Waseem Ahmad , Khan Mohsin Ali , Hussain Mohd. Kamil , Ali Mujahid , Khan Mohammad Faheem
Published: December 2024

Tinospora cordifolia (TC), a renowned medicinal herb, is widely employed in Ayurveda and other folk medicines under the name “Giloy” in India and neighboring countries for curing diverse human ailments. It encompasses a vast array of bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, diterpenoids, and steroids. Conventionally, TC is utilized for boosting memory, regulation of the immune system, as well as enhancing mental clarity. The paste of its stem is ingested to treat fever, while the entire plant is utilized for treating jaundice and chronic diarrhea. Furthermore, the extracts of TC have been extensively used in the treatment of various diseases due to their antiinflammatory, anti-spasmodic, anti-microbial, anti-osteoporotic, anti-asthmatic, antiallergic, and antidiabetic activities. Therefore, the intention of this chapter is to accentuate the bioactive components of TC and their pharmacological properties of TC.
Pharmacological Properties of Psoralea corylifolia: An Important Medicinal Plant of Ayurveda and Chinese System of Medicine
Authors: Verma Mahima , Fatima Shireen , Mishra Prakriti , Siddiqui Zeba , Ansari Irfan Ahmad , Kamal Azhar , Akhtar Mohd. Sayeed
Published: December 2024

Psoralea corylifolia L. (Leguminosae) is a well-known vital medicinal plant
and has been used for treating a variety of diseases since ancient times. It is abundantly
available in nature and plays an imperative role in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicines.
Studies on the ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, clinical, phytochemical, as well
as side effects of P. corylifolia were found in a variety of scholarly published
databases. These plant species have been thoroughly examined both in vivo and in vitro
approaches for diverse phytochemical and biological studies. It is used locally for
inflammation, alopecia, leukoderma, eczema, leprosy, and psoriasis and possesses
cardiotonic, antibacterial, vasodilator, pigment or cytotoxic, antitumor, and antihelminthic activities. Approximately more than a hundred bioactive chemicals have
been isolated from fruits and seeds so far, with the most important ones belonging to
the coumarins, flavonoids, and meroterpenes families. This chapter thoroughly
summarises the information on P. corylifolia's chemical ingredients and biological
activities, providing valuable information for future research and developments on this
powerful therapeutic plant.
Pharmacological Effects of Lesser-known Fruiting Plants Growing in India
Authors: Nayak Raksha , Sreedhara Pai Karkala Maya , Marakala Vijaya , Bastimal Harish Kumar , Prabhakar Pankaj , D’souza Rhea Katherine , Sajankila Sham Prasad , Ranganath Pai Karkala Sreedhara , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath
Published: December 2024

India possesses a diverse array of medicinal plants, some of which have
been recorded in different places. Their presence is largely influenced by climate and
soil conditions, which are indicative of plant biodiversity. In the recent past, there has
been an emphasis on ethnopharmacological research, which focuses on correlating
plant utilization for medicinal uses with indigenous communities. The attempts aim to
bridge the knowledge gap crucial for future drug development. This chapter overviews
the chemistry and pharmacological activities of fruiting plants like Ziziphus
mauritiana, Ixora coccinea, Syzygium jambos, Averrhoa bilimbi, Averrhoa carambola,
Carissa carandas, Neolamarckia cadamba, Annona reticulata, Grewia asiatica,
Feronia limonia, Syzygium samarangense, and Artocarpus lakoocha.
Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery System for Herbal Medicines
Authors: Fatima Noor , Parveen Muskan , Mahmood Irshad , Rizvi Rose
Published: December 2024

Herbal medicines have been used since antiquity to treat diseases and have
proven to be feasible alternatives. Numerous therapeutic plant species depend on a
supply of active ingredients to function effectively. Since they cannot cross the lipid
membrane, have an excessively large molecular size, or are least absorbed, most plant
extracts containing biologically active components such as tannins, flavonoids, and
terpenes have a lower absorption rate and are therefore less effective and bioavailable.
Additionally, because of these restrictions, certain extracts are not used. It has been
proposed that incorporating plant extract with nanoparticles enhances the solubility and
bioavailability of herbal medicines, allowing for increased uptake. Moreover, using
nanosystems, the active component may be delivered to the intended site of action over
the course of the treatment period at an appropriate concentration. Conventional
therapies do not satisfy them. This chapter discusses herbal medicine's medication
delivery method based on nanotechnology and its future prospects.
Biopolymers in Medicine
Authors: Kothawade Sachin Namdeo , Dhobale Shankar M. , Raut Kunal G. , Bole Sandesh S. , Patil Prashant B. , Wakale Vijaykumar S.
Published: December 2024

The chapter explores the extensive use of biopolymers in medical
applications, tracing back to ancient times when natural polymers provided bioactive
matrices for designing biocompatible materials. Polysaccharides, notably
oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, derived from living organisms, exhibit diverse
physiological functions and are increasingly investigated for potential biomedical
applications. The chapter delves into various classifications of polysaccharides based
on their sources and molecular structures, highlighting their non-toxic and abundant
nature. Biopolymers, derived from renewable natural sources, offer a sustainable
alternative to petroleum-based polymers, with applications ranging from drug delivery
systems to wound care and tissue engineering. Examples include starch, cellulose,
chitin, proteins, and peptides, each offering unique properties conducive to specific
medical applications. The focus shifts to specific biopolymers like sodium alginate,
chitosan, collagen, and gelatin, detailing their chemical properties, biological functions,
and commercial applications in wound care, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and
more. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the extraction methods, properties, and
applications of hydrocolloids, catgut, branan ferulate, superabsorbent fibers, and
resorbable fibers in medical contexts. It highlights the continuous research efforts
aimed at harnessing the unique properties of biopolymers for innovative medical
solutions, promising a sustainable and effective approach to healthcare management.
Polymer-Based Vaccines
Authors: Rane Bhushan R. , Patil Vaibhav L. , Mhatre Nandini R. , Padave Aditi P. , Mane Nikita P. , Gavit Mayur R. , Mutkule Dinesh S. , Gawade Sanskruti S. , Udmale Aarti V. , Chaure Puja P. , Jain Ashish S.
Published: December 2024

Vaccination remains the most effective and cost-efficient health intervention
for preventing the spread of infectious diseases. However, new-generation vaccines are
necessary, as a significant portion of chronic illnesses and infectious diseases remain
untreatable with existing immunization programs. Polymer-based particles have
recently been employed as vaccine adjuvants due to their ability to prevent antigen
degradation and clearance, along with their enhanced uptake by antigen-presenting
cells (APCs). Polymeric nanoparticles are readily internalized by APCs, making them
valuable in vaccine delivery and demonstrating promising adjuvant effects. Polymerbased systems offer several advantages, including the ability to incorporate various
immunomodulators and/or antigens, mimic infections through diverse mechanisms, and
act as a depot, thereby prolonging immune responses. This chapter explores the use of
polymeric materials as excipients in vaccine formulations and delivery systems in the
pharmaceutical and vaccine industries, along with their potential future applications.
As our understanding of polymer-based nanomaterials continues to advance,
incorporating additional features such as targeted delivery, sustained release, and
alternative administration routes becomes increasingly feasible. The integration of
polymers into vaccine formulations can significantly enhance global efforts in disease
prevention and public health, paving the way for next-generation vaccines.
On the Space Construction and the Exploring of Sun Shengxi’s Identity of Son of the Darkness
Authors: Qinglu Wang
Published: December 2024

Son of the Darkness is the debut full-length novel of the post-90s writer Lu Xu from Zhaoqing, which bears a strong allegorical hue. Son of the Darkness refers not only to Sun Shengxi of unknown identity but also serves as a metaphor for human destiny. The metamorphoses from human to animal and the shape shifts among objects that occur in the work both imply the marginalized situations of the characters and constitute an allegory of human fate. In the novel, Lu Xu constructs the family space, the space of biopolitics, and the utopian space as the domains for Sun Shengxi’s identity exploration. Sun Shengxi’s vulnerable situation in the family space and the city theater as the workspace is similar to that of the homo sacer in the space of biopolitics. The transformation in the utopian space embodies the subject’s exploration and pursuit of art and freedom, as well as the resistance to the supreme power.