bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Solution by Natural Zeolite in Fixed-Bed Column: Effect of Bed Depth
Authors: Li Yan Qiang , Ren Xiao Feng , Chen Shao Hua , Zhao Xiu Rong , Han Run Ping
Published: June 2012

The effect of bed depth on adsorption ability of natural zeolite to removal methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution in the fixed-bed column was studied. The results showed that the increase in column height favored the MB removal form solution. The equilibrium uptake of MB onto unit mass zeolite increased with the bed depth growth. The experimental data were fitted to Yan model using linear and nonlinear regression analysis, respectively. The experimental points and the predicted curves using the Yan model were compared and the error analysis was performed. The results indicated that Yan model were good to predict the breakthrough curves and both two methods can be used to obtain the parameters of Yan model and to predict the breakthrough curves.
Removal of SO2 by Corona Discharge Combined with Fe (II) Catalysis
Authors: Li Ji Wu , Yu Jie , Cai Wei Jian
Published: June 2012

The effects of the supply voltage, water flow rate, concentration of inlet SO2 and Fe2+ in liquid phase on the desulfurization efficiency were investigated by corona discharge with liquid phase on the condition of DC discharge and pulse discharge. The experimental results showed that the desulfurization efficiency increased with the increasing of the supply voltage, water flow rate, and concentration of Fe2+. However, the desulfurization efficiency was nearly unchanged with the increasing of the initial concentration of SO2. The desulfurization efficiency in pulse discharge was better than that of the DC discharge on the same condition, and the highest desulfurization efficiency could be more than 99%.
Study on UV/O3 of Methyl Violet Wastewater
Authors: Liu Ya Na , Tian Hui , Si An Heng
Published: June 2012

Ultraviolet ozone process was used to eliminate Methyl Violet, the effects of the type of research process, the initial solution pH, dye concentration and free radical quenching agent N-butanol on its degradation rate were studied. The experimental results showed that: comparing to UV, O3, UV/O3 three types of technology, UV and O3 technology had significant synergies, the degradation rate of Methyl Violet solution achieve 99.58% at 50min for the initial concentration of 100mg/L. increasing pH value resulted in increasing degradation rate, the degradation rate achieved 99. 8% at 50min under alkaline conditions. The remove rate decreased with increasing initial concentrations. Quenchers of free radicals inhibited the generation of hydroxyl radical and induced decreasing degradation rate. The degradation reaction of Methyl Violet by UV/O3 followed first-order law.
The Application of Fluidized Carrier in Reconstruction Project of Sewage Plant
Authors: Wang Bing , Feng Guo Hui , Li Ya Feng
Published: June 2012

The traditional activated sludge process was transformed into A2O process with fluidized carriers. This technology was applied in reconstruction project of sewage plant. There was no need of altering civil construction. The effluent COD removal reached 95%. NH4+-N removal reached 92.2%. TN of effluent was less than 15 mg/L and TP was less than 1 mg/L. The process run stable and the effluent quality after secondary treatment could reach design standard.
Overview on the Treatment Technology of Municipal Solid Wastes in China
Authors: Lei Yu , Liu Shi Qing , Zhang Wu Di , Chen Yu Bao , Yin Fang
Published: June 2012

This paper analyzed three dominant approaches of Municipal solid wastes treatments in our country. In this paper we not only compared the advantages and disadvantages of these three dominant approaches but also took analysis to the present situation of MSW(municipal solid wastes) treatment and existing problems in domestic and foreign. At last we thought the future development of MSW treatment: it has many restrictions to take each single way so that comprehensive treatment is the key point to achieve the goal of MSW resource processing.
Distributions of Carbon Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Products from SCWG of Cyanobacteria
Authors: Zhang Hui Wen , Zhu Wei , Xu Zhi Rong , Gong Miao
Published: June 2012

The cyanobacteria, salvaged from TaiHu Lake every year, contain high water content and organic matters. Nowadays the problem how to deal with such cyanobacteria has attracted wide attention. In this study, the SCWG is applied to the safety disposal and resource utilization of cyanobaceria to reveal the distributions and forms of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the supercritical products under different reaction conditions. The study results show that SCWG is a good way for the disposal and utilization of cyanobaceria. After SCWG, the C of cyanobaceria exists mainly in the solid residue in the form of coke and heavy oils.High temperature and prolonging reaction time lead to C transfers from s/l phase to gas phase. While N of cyanobaceria is found in liquid phase in the form of NH3-N, and more than 90% of P can be found in the solid residue.
Experiment Research on Treatment of Landfill Leachate with Efficiency Microorganism
Authors: Liu Li , Wei Da Qiao , Peng Yu Fu , Liu Teng Teng , Zhang Tian Xiang , Xia Xue Shan
Published: June 2012

The landfill leachate is a kind of complicated waste water which is hard to be treated at present. In this paper seven dominant stains that can effectively degrade COD in leachate were isolated by increasing the concentration of leachate. The influence of treated time, temperature, pH on treatment efficiency of leachate with these dominant stains were studied. The results showed that five bacterial strains, one Actinomyces strain and one mould strain possess fairly high rate to eliminate COD in leachate. The optimum time of degradation of COD in leachate was 3 days, and the pH was suitable for strains which the best was 7. In a broad temperature range from 25°C to 35°C, the COD in leachate could be effectively degraded by all of seven strains.
Brief Analysis of the Heat and Mass Balance in Sludge Bio-Drying Process
Authors: Zou Hui Fen , Fei Ying Chao , Yu Min
Published: June 2012

Bio-drying is an important method to reduce the excess sludge which use the inner biomass of sludge itself to generate heat for a water discharging has a broad prospects in sludge treatment. However, our research in this field is still very limited. In order to better mastering and promoting sludge bio-drying technology, this paper summarized the advantages of bio-drying, initially described the microbial mechanism of spontaneous heat generation and the heat and mass transfer phenomena in a bio-drying process, then build a macro heat conservation formula based on material conservation.
Resources Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Ash
Authors: Xiao Heng Lin , Zhu Jing , He Jun , Wang Hong
Published: June 2012

Incineration is an effective way for amega-city to dispose of its substantial Municipal Solid Waste(MSW) in China. But more than 20% of the waste (by weight) will retain in combustor ash, producing a great amount of ash. How to deal with the incineration ash has become a critical problem to the city developing. By the simple analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the ash, and to basis of the beneficial use of municipal waste combustion ash in some countries, the ways of the resource utilization of the bottom ash mainly are discussed in the paper. In addition, engineering and environmental requirements for ash utilization are also analyzed.
The Utilization of Aromatic Plant Waste Resource
Authors: Zhu Guang Yong , Xiao Zuo Bing , Zhou Ru Jun , Niu Yun Wei , Yi Feng Ping , Zhu Jian Cai
Published: June 2012

Biomass is an important renewable and sustainable source. Aromatic plants are biomasses and are widely used in the fragrance industry. The recovery of aromatic plant wastes is important not only for the prevention of environmental issues, but also for the rational utilization of natural resources. In this paper, the utilization of aromatic plant waste resource is depicted. The prospects of utilization of rose waste are offered.
Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil to Produce Biodiesel Using Acid and Alkaline Catalyst
Authors: Li Jin , Zhou Hou Bo , Cao Yang
Published: June 2012

Fossil oil as a nonrenewable energy resource, with the development of global economy, the need for energy increases continuously. Biodiesel is a renewable and clean energy, which is made by vegetable oil or animal fat and methyl alcohol to produce fatty acid esters. This research shows that waste cooking oil can be used for biodiesel by the means of esterification and transesterification, at the same time waste cooking oil can be reused. Through orthogonal design, the optimum conditions are that at first ,using sulfuric acid 5wt% of waste cooking oil as catalyst, the molar ratio of methanol and oil is 30:1, the reaction temperature is 65 °C，and the reaction time is 3h ; the second step, KOH is used as catalyst, the amount of the KOH is 0.15wt%, the levels of methanol to oil ratio is 25:1, reaction temperature is 60 °C， reaction time is 1h. The maximum yield of biodiesel is 93.24wt%.
Organic Pollutant of PAHs and Dioxins on the MSWI Fly Ash
Authors: Zhang Zhi Xuan , Li Qun , Liu Si Ming , Su Ji Xin
Published: June 2012

In this paper, two fly ash samples from a popular of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) incinerators operated in spring and winter were detected. The organic pollutants of PAHs and Dioxins were 8.647 mg/kg and 778.859 pgI-TEQ/g respectively for the sample in spring, 11.008 mg/kg and 888.318 pgI-TEQ/g for the sample in winter. The distribution of Dioxins was analyzed, 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF,2,3,7,8-TCDF and 2,3,7,8-TCDD were found to gave the great contribution to the total I-TEQ.
Study on the Layout and Structure of the Waste Electronic Products Recycling Network
Authors: Zu Yun Xiao , Jia Shan Shan , Li Zhe , Jia Yue
Published: June 2012

The current recycling networks of the waste electronic products in China are analyzed from the view of the layout of the recycling center and the structure of recycling channel. The optimization model of an e-waste recycling network is established according to our national actual condition, and solved with simulated data. The results show that setting up detecting centers dispersedly can reduce the transportation amount of the waste electronic products and reduce transportation costs, and the relative concentration of recycling processing center can achieve economies of scale and lower the total cost.
Groundwater Baseline Quality in the Minqin Basin, NW China
Authors: Huang Tian Ming , Liu Ji Lai , Wang Gang
Published: June 2012

Study on groundwater baseline quality is very important for groundwater management, as managers want to know the magnitude and reason for the elevated content (whether the elevated content is geological or anthropogenic in origin). As the baseline is defined as the range of concentration of a give element is derived entirely from natural sources under condition not perturbed by anthropogenic activity, it can be obtained from the palaeowaters. Based on the published data in the Minqin Basin, NW China, the groundwater baseline quality is determined. This will be one of the first groundwater baseline quality studies in China. Results show that the relatively high total mineral content in the basin is related to arid condition and low groundwater flow velocity and that the most groundwater quality has not been affected by human activities.
Research the Effect of Roughness on the Distribution Overland Runoff Simulation
Authors: Zhang Sheng Tang , Li Miao Miao , Chi Peng
Published: June 2012

The slope roughness is a character parameter which shows the blocking effects of earth surface on the overland flow. As a result of the impact of human activities, the land utilization types spatially change rapidly. Consequently, the catchment surface appears as broken patches pattern so that the spatial variation of surface roughness increased. And this leads to change on the runoff flow convergence velocity, the flow direction and the flow assignment in each direction. The accurately runoff simulation is not available when the roughness effect is neglected. Therefore, study on slope roughness effects become important in human activities impacted hydrological research. Based on former researches, we divided the slope roughness research into three levels, and discussed the inappropriate points of the slope runoff flow convergence algorithm, which adopted by the current distributed hydrological model, when dealing with the slope roughness on the human activities impacted catchment. Moreover, we presented that in order to obtain an effective result of simulating overland runoff. The distributed hydrological model should take the spatial variation effect of the slope roughness factor into consideration and formulation.
The Design of Water Saving System for College Dorms
Authors: Li Bin
Published: June 2012

We designed a set of water saving system for college dorms based on the current college water use status. This system mainly included a water collection tank and the enclosed sanitary-wares. We designed the subsidence area on one side of the water collection tank so it’s easy to clean the sludge and the allocation of water-saving effect demonstration system. There are no devices in the water collection tank for eliminating the peculiar smell of wastewater, heterochromatic carbon absorber and ozone generator. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the system, in view that the peculiar smell and different color of the wastewater affecting users mood, in order to reduce the users conflicted emotion, according to the shortage of current toilet sanitary-wares,we designed an enclosed squats bedpan that using the user’s gravity to expansion and it will be closed automatic when users left. We also designed an enclosed toilet that using the user’s gravity to expansion and it will be closed automatic when users left. And we designed an enclosed urinal that using the user’s gravity to expansion and it will be closed automatic when users left. And according to the lower pressure situation of the upper water collection tank, the special structure of the squats bedpan and toilet in this project don't need a large scouring force, rejected the “siphon principle” that widely used in the traditional design scheme, reduce the required water, improve water saving effect.
Equilibrium and Kinetics Studies for Adsorption of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution by Modified Phosphogypusum
Authors: Yang Yue Hong , Shu Dun Tao , Fu Ting Dong , Zhang Huai Yu
Published: June 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption of Cu(II) on phosphogypsum, a waste material from the manufacture of phosphoric acid by wet process. The removal capacity of phosphogypsum for Cu(II) ions was studied as a function of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and adsorbate concentration. Before batch adsorption study, phosphogypsum was pre-conditioned by calcine without water. The Langmuir and Freundlich theories were used to describe the Cu(II) adsorption process, and the Freundlich isotherm showed the best fit to the process. The adsorptions of Cu(II) followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Maximum adsorption capacity of lime-preconditioned phosphogypsum was found to be 2.824 mg/g. The results showed that the phoshogypsum is a suitable adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
Experiment Study on the Treatment of Arsenic Drinking Water in Integrated Efficient-Whirling Clarifier
Authors: Hu Feng Ping , Chen Wei , Chen Xue Mei , Tong Zhen Gong
Published: June 2012

In order to investigate arsenic drinking water treatment effect of enhanced coagulation in integrated efficient-whirling clarifier, and explore optimum working condition, the experiment of arsenic removal was carried out for raw water, the arsenic concentration of 0.1mg/L (100µg/L) and the turbidity of 100NTU. In this experiment, the oxidant’s dosage of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) was 10mg/L and the coagulant’s dosage of ferric chloride (FeCl3) was 15mg/L, when three kinds of reaction time (T) in the first and second flocculation zone were employed, which respectively equal to 5.4 minutes, 2.7 minutes and 1.8 minutes. The results of experiment showed that the concentration of arsenic all drop below 10µg/L, which reached drinking water sanitary standard (GB 5749-2006), and the best working condition for arsenic removal was reaction time equal to 2.7 minutes.
Progress in Research and Application of Constructed Rapid Infiltration System
Authors: Li Wei , Zhang Huan Zhen , Liu Guang Ying , Zhang Xin
Published: June 2012

Based on synthesizing a lot of home and abroad researches, the paper expounded the research status of infiltration media, filtration bed thickness, hydraulic loading cycle, wet/dry ratio, oxygen restoration, removal mechanism, system blocking, and engineering application in the constructed rapid infiltration system and the progress in improving and strengthening the CRI system. In addition, the research direction and development prospect were discussed.
Relationship between Water Quality and Phytoplankton Biomass in Microcystis-Laden Raw Water under Silver Carp Filter-Feeding
Authors: Ma Hua , Cui Fu Yi , Zhao Zhi Wei , Liu Zhi Quan , Liu Dong Mei
Published: June 2012

Silver carp were stocked in a pre-sedimentation pond in front of conventional water treatment processes in order to control Microcystis blooms in raw water. Silver carp effectively reduced the Microcystis flos-aquae concentrations, but green algae concentrations increased due to the ineffective filtration of silver carp for them. Water quality variations based on the effect of silver carp stocking on the two major phytoplankton communities (Microcystis and green algae) were evaluated by to investigate the relationship between water quality and phytoplankton cell concentrations in influent and effluent during Microcystis blooms period. Linear regression analysis indicated that the dominant species Microcystis governed the variation of turbidity and CODMn, and its concentration showed positive correlations with the two parameters. Meanwhile, the increase of green algae biomass led to the increase of pH and Chlorophyll a content, and showed obvious positive correlations with the two parameters in effluent.
Research of Civil Air Defense Projects Biogas Purification Independent Drainage System
Authors: Chen Liang , Zhang Chao , Zhan Shi Li
Published: June 2012

The traditional drainage system of civil air defense projects is designed to discharge waste water directly to engineering external, depending on the external facilities of the project seriously, result in poor survival of the entire civil air defense in wartime. Through the engineering biogas tanks sewage treatment technology in underground engineering, independence of internal drainage system is greatly enhanced, the whole project’ self-protection and ability to substantially is greatly strengthened in wartime, then it will not only have good environmental and economic benefits, but also have a strong military benefits.
Research on Drinking Water Biological Stability in Water Supply Network
Authors: Dai Dong Sheng , Li Song Hu , Li Jie
Published: June 2012

The Assimilable Organic Carbon (AOC), Microbially Available Phosphorus (MAP), Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) and Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon (BDOC) of eight sampling points were analyzed for studying the biological stability of drinking water in Jinan. Biological stability of drinking water can standard basically in Jinan city. There had a certain correlation between AOC and HPC. The AOC indicator was gradual increased from April to May and June to July. There may be related to the seasonal change of Yellow River. The control of AOC was an effective way to improve the water quality.
Denoising Simulation Study for MEMS Gyro Dynamic Running
Authors: Wang Su Zhen , Wang Tao , Wang Zheng Yan
Published: June 2012

At present MEMS inertial devices is unable to satisfy the precision request of the inertial posture measurement system. This paper has designed a gyro dynamic data generator for simulation according to the gyro signal characteristics.The signal produced by the generator is specified as the gyro data and the optimal estimator for data fusion is designed by using the Kaman filter algorithm.The multi-segment data is analyzed and identified while the optimal data is estimated .The results show no matter how the correlation of the data is, the fusion data has attenuation of 10dB in noise, with its signal-to-noise ratio being enhanced more than 2 times at least.
Application of BP Neural Network in Traffic Noise Prediction
Authors: Liu Gang , Lin Li Hua , Tian Rui
Published: June 2012

A model of BP neural network for road traffic noise prediction was established by using some road traffic parameters in this paper. Then use this model to predict equivalent continual sound level of road traffic noise, After an overview about the neural approach, the learning; and production phase results are shown and contrasted with the measured data. They point out how good is the approach proposed to model noise pollution in urban areas.
Study on Filling Fraction of Bandgap Lowest Starting Frequency of one Dimension Phononic Crystals
Authors: Song Zhuo Fei , Wang Qiang Song , Feng Zai Qiang , Wang Zi Dong
Published: June 2012

A calculation method of lowest band gap starting frequency corresponding to filling fraction of fixed periodic size one dimension phononic crystals are given, found the filling fraction only correlation with the density of two materials, but no correlation with elastic modulus, furthermore found no correlation with periodic size.
Random Noise Reduction Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and Wavelet Threshold Filtering
Authors: Chen Wei , Wang Shang Xu , Chuai Xiao Yu , Zhang Zhen
Published: June 2012

This paper presents a random noise reduction method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and wavelet threshold filtering. Firstly, we have conducted spectrum analysis and analyzed the frequency band range of effective signals and noise. Secondly, we make use of EEMD method on seismic signals to obtain intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of each trace. Then, wavelet threshold noise reduction method is used on the high frequency IMFs of each trace to obtain new high frequency IMFs. Finally, reconstruct the desired signal by adding the new high frequency IMFs on the low frequency IMFs and the trend item together. When applying our method on synthetic seismic record and field data we can get good results.
Study on Intelligent Pulp Consistency Control Strategies
Authors: Li Lin , Tang Jun , Zhou Guo Xiong
Published: June 2012

As the pulp consistency system has a big lag behind with uncertain model, the precise control of the pulp consistency could be achieved by making use of the respective advantages of variable domain fuzzy control method and the PID control method based on PSO, and shifting between these two controllers by fuzzy soft handoff switch.
Thermal Stability and Kinetic Analysis of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Polysaccharide
Authors: Zhou Quan Cheng , Zhang Hong Mei , Li De Mao
Published: June 2012

Pyrolysis and kinetic analysis of Xanthoceras Sorbifolia polysaccharide were evaluated using the TG-DTG/DTA method. The results indicated that its mass loss occured in three-step process . The first step could be attributed to the expulsion of water of crystallization at 25 - 176 °C. The second step corresponded to the large scale degradation of X. Sorbifolia polysaccharide in the temperature range of 179 - 661 °C. The final step was slow degradation of residues. Heating rate had significant effects on the pyrolysis of X. Sorbifolia polysaccharide and nitrogen could improve its stability. A close value of activation energy E of the thermal degradation process has been obtained by FWO, KAS and Popescu methods. The possible kinetic model was estimated to be Jander 5 (g(α)=[1-(1-α)1/3]1/2.
Integrating Carbon Footprint into Coordination of Constant Pricing and Lot Sizing Problem
Authors: Dai Dao Ming
Published: June 2012

The purpose of this paper is to improve our understanding of how carbon emission concerns could be integrated into operational decision-making with regard to procurement, production, and inventory management. Lot sizing model with constant product pricing can be modified to support decision-making that accounts for both profit and carbon footprint, by combining carbon footprint parameters with various decision variables. In the first case, the strict carbon cap is introduced into coordination of product pricing and lot sizing. The second case with carbon trade can be achieved by the Lagrangian relaxation of the carbon cap in the first case. In particular, the model with carbon trade is transformed into the third model with carbon tax when the carbon cap equals zero. The results show a series of insights that highlight the impact of operational decisions on carbon emissions and the importance of operational models in evaluation the impact of different regulatory policies and in assessing the benefits of investments in more carbon efficient technologies.
Study of Porcine Blood Decoloration Technique
Authors: Liu Yong De , Wu Hai Lu , Zhang Jie , Wan Dong Jin , Zhao Ji Hong
Published: June 2012

Livestock blood is a slaughtering by-product that has potential for animal protein sources, human consumption is limited due to its brown color causing dark hues to food and feed products. The aim of this work is to extract white and palatable protein from red cells of porcine blood. Red cells are hydrolyzed with papain and acidized with Hydrochloric acid, freed heme group is flocculated with Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) and separated by centrifugation, supernatant is the decoloring protein solution. The enzyme hydrolysis conditions and flocculation conditions are optimized. The optimal enzyme hydrolysis parameters are substrate concentration 6%, papain dosage 6000u/g, time 8h and pH 7.0. The optimal enzyme flocculation parameters are CMC dosage 0.8g/g, pH 2.7 and time 10min. Decoloring protein powder obtained by isoelectric precipitation, centrifugation and vacuum freeze-drying is 95% protein, only 1% ash, light-colored and almost tasteless.
Isolation and Characterization of Microcystis-Grazing Protozoa P1 from Lake Dianchi
Authors: Liu Li , Peng Yu Fu , Zou Wei Bing , Yang Xiao Yu , Pan Xue Jun , Xia Xue Shan
Published: June 2012

The incidence of algae blooms is increasing in China and worldwide, causing serious environmental problem. A protozoan P1 was isolated from the water samples of Lake Dianchi, which had potent grazing effect on some kind of cyanobacteria. It should be belonged to Ciliophore, Oligohymenophorea, Philasterida based on morphological characters observed by the optical microscope. The main influencing factors of the protozoan grazing properties including: algae species, protozoan density, culture temperature, time and pH value were investigated in batch experiments. The results showed that the protozoan P1 had strong ability to graze the cells of Microcystis wesenbergii. The greater the initial protozoan density, the faster the degradation of chlorophyll-a. The removal rate of chlorophyll-a after 4 days was 78% at the optimum temperature 25°C, pH 7 when using a lower inoculation quantity of 2%. The protozoan P1 was easy to cultivate and reproduce rapidly. It could be applied in the ecological environment to control the Microcystis water bloom.
Application of DRASTIC Model based on Entropy Weight to the Assessment on Vulnerability of Groundwater in Weining Plain
Authors: Li Sheng , Liang Shi Chuan
Published: June 2012

Given the weight in groundwater vulnerability assessment, entropy weight combined with DRASTIC model is considered to assess the groundwater vulnerability. The assessment index weight is assessed by entropy weight and the model is ultimately applied to the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in Weining Plain of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Firstly, based on the seven assessment index attribute partition charts, the assessment index weight is calculated by entropy weight; then, by the ARCGIS grid image overlay tool to overlay the seven index grid images, the composite index chart of the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in the study area is developed; finally, according to the classification standard, a partition chart of the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in the study area is made to carry out the result analysis of the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in the study area. The comprehensive assessment results indicate that the application of entropy weight to the DRASTIC model is feasible and the assessment results are more objective and direct.
Analysis on Evolution Characteristics of Irtysh River in Xinjiang Based on RS and GIS
Authors: Chen Dong Li , Gan Long Mei
Published: June 2012

Based on multi-spectrum satellite remote sensing (RS) images and GIS, the evolution characteristics of Irtysh River in Xinjiang were analyzed. The results show that the Irtysh River is a composite meander integrated by valley meander and free meander according to the geomorphic features formed by meandering. Judging from the characteristics of this river, the average slope of riverbeds is 0.5188 ‰; the average curvature is 1.72. By observing dry oxbow lake sites, right bank swung more violently than left bank in historical period. Since 1972, 23 reaches were cutoff; 15 reaches’ concave banks expanded; 55 tributaries broke away from the main riverway because of flow cutoff; 94 reaches moved to downstream. These changes increased sharply since 1997 after the construction of key water control project in the upstream of the Irtysh River.
Study on Ecological Water Table in a Reclaimed Water Irrigation Area in the North China Plain
Authors: Yu Chang Shui , Liu Ji Lai , Liu Yu Long , Wang Su Fen
Published: June 2012

The paper sets the definition of ecological water table in reclaimed water irrigation area, on which reclaimed water would not make the pollutants infiltrate into groundwater and not deteriorate groundwater environment. Case study from a soil profile in Daxing, Beijing shows that the ecological water table is changing due to the pollutants down movement in the unsaturated zone. Results show that the critical ecological groundwater depth is about 19.45 m in 2050 while the current is 8.25 m. The current water table depth of 18 m is within the ecological groundwater depth. The time lag between the human activities and water quality due to the relatively thick unsaturated zone should be paid attention to for sustainable water quality management.
Application of Visual MODFLOW to Numerical Simulation of Multi-Level Groundwater
Authors: Pan Jun , Han Chun Yang , Kang Ran Ran , Li Shi Xiao
Published: June 2012

In order to study the vary circumstance of underground water level of multi-level groundwater. This paper takes example for the Shenyang Eco-Tech Development Zone of Liaoning Province .Firstly, a conceptual model is built in this paper. Secondly, the groundwater system is numerically simulated and forecast with the internationally standard Visual Modflow. According the results of numerical simulation ，It is proved that between the underground water level’s calculating result and observation result has a higher fitting degree, and the results testify that the mathematical model established in this paper is reasonable. Conclusion the validated mathematical model can be used to simulation and forecast of the underground water level in the research area.
Environmental Isotope Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Instructions of Geothermal Water in Xianyang Urban Area
Authors: Yan Hua , Ma Zhi Yuan , Li Ting , Niu Guang Liang
Published: June 2012

In order to find out the origin of geothermal water in Xianyang urban area and provide scientific basis for sustainable use, taking the geothermal water as study object, we systematically studied supply circulation mechanism of geothermal water in Xianyang urban area through environmental isotope hydrogeochemical methods, and come to the conclusion: geothermal water in Xianyang urban area is bounded by shore fracture of Wei River, which shows totally different hydrogeochemical features. The differences suggests that the geothermal water belongs to different tectonic geology units and sedimentary environment. The distribution characteristics of environmental isotope such as δD、δ18O and 14C confirmed that geothermal water exists contact between the study area and northwest of Wei River. The supply water source of geothermal water comes from the atmospheric precipitation of Holocene in northwest direction, its updating ability is poor except partial deep fault slightly being recharged from modern atmospheric water.
Man-Water Harmony Index and its Calculation Model
Authors: Ding Yi Fan , Tang De Shan , Yin Sun
Published: June 2012

Based on the ancient harmony idea, using the system theory, the man-water harmony index was brought up. It describes the harmonious level between man and water in cities. It quantitatively reflects the coordinating relationship between the water system and man city system of certain cities in certain periods. Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation（ IFCE）, Improved Grey Relational Analysis（IGRA） and Analytic Network Process（ANP）are comprehensively used in calculating the man-water harmony index,building the IFCE-IGRA-ANP model. The index can be effectively used in sustainable development evaluations and water convervancy construction planning of modern cities.
Research on Water Resource Initial Allocation of Yellow River Basin Based on the AHP Model
Authors: Li Xin , Wan Jun , Jia Jie Lin , Wang Qiang
Published: June 2012

Based on the principles of fairness, efficiency and sustainability, the assessment indicator system of the initial allocation of the river basin water resources is constructed in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. By using the AHP model built, Standardization Law and Matlab software, an empirical study of the initial allocation of water resources in Yellow River Basin is got and the allocation scheme is put forward. Research shows that the AHP method is more scientific and rational in the river basin water resources allocation. The fairness and efficiency of fetching water can be reflected by readjustment on original Water resources allocation in nine provinces of Yellow River Basin. It is reasonable of the initial allocation of the Yellow River Basin Water Resources.
Simulation Model Construction of Comprehensive Evaluation of Groundwater Reasonable and Effectively Utilization in Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Xu Feng , Xiang Nan , Nakamura Ataru , Mizunoya Takeshi , Uchida Susumu , Higano Yoshiro
Published: June 2012

After 1970s, Japan has established relative laws and regulations to constraint industrial water, building water usage and forbidden unreasonable ground water exploitation which is caused by large amount of groundwater exploitation in 1960s. Such measures solved ground collapse problem on one hand indeed; on the other hand, along with the prevention of ground water exploitation, the groundwater level recovered to the normal level, and the floating power brought by groundwater rising threatened the architecture underground. The claim for groundwater utilization is rising. Also, groundwater has high value and good quality to supply water resource. Therefore, this research aims to construct a comprehensive groundwater exploitation model to clarify the sustainable groundwater utilization and economic, environmental impacts brought by groundwater usage. This new comprehensive model combined optimal groundwater exploitation model, water cycle model and socio-economic model together to practice optimal simulation. Through computer scenarios, we can clearly ensure groundwater utilization amount and method considering the sustainable development. Furthermore, the simulation model can be applied in other regions adjusting by specific characteristics.
Soil Temperature Prediction on Farmland Water Level and Environmental Factors Paddy Based on BP-ANN Model
Authors: Xiao Meng Hua , Yu Shuan Gen , Fu Chun Xiao , Kong Li Li , Wang Jun , Xie Sheng Shen
Published: June 2012

The main environmental factors of the influence of soil temperature are air temperature, total solar radiation, effective photosynthetic radiation, wind speed and relative humidity, while the farmland water and submerging duration are the main factors affecting the change of soil temperature, and it exist complex non linear relationship between them. The aim of this study was constructed the soil temperature prediction model on farmland water level and environmental factors and obtained paddy soil temperature predictive value by using the data of existing water level and environmental factors. For the flooding treatment, the minimum and maximum soil temperature appeared at 7:00 and 18:00, for the drought treatment the minimum and maximum soil temperature respectively appeared at 6:00 and 14:00. This study trained artificial neural network based on back propagation algorithm (BP-ANN) through the existing data to predict the four characteristics the soil temperature of different water level control so as to obtain the soil temperature amplitude. Results showed that there was certain deviation between the predictive value and the actual value at the four characteristic moments, relative error were 1.19%, 1.34%, 2.09% and 1.07%, the predicted outcome was satisfactory. It is significant for guiding the rice irrigation and the production of practice facilitated.
The Experimental Study of the Effect of Initial Water Content on Water Transport and Distribution Characteristics in Injection Irrigation
Authors: Hou Yi Kai , Cheng Dong Juan , Zhao Hong Yu , Wang Li Jia
Published: June 2012

The effect of initial water content on water transport characteristics in injection irrigation is analyzed through an indoor experiment of injection irrigation in different initial water contents. The research shows the following results. The relationship between the cumulative infiltration and time accords with power function. The higher the initial water content is, the bigger the cumulative infiltration is in the same time. The wetting front is a semi-circle with its center below the water outlet, the transport velocity of which slows down with the passing of time. The transport velocity of vertical section crossing the middle of the two outlets approaches that of vertical section at the middle point of the central line of the two outlets. The higher the initial water content is, the shorter the time of the transport velocity of the two sections similar to each other is. The water wetted range is comparatively wider, and the water content is comparatively higher below the outlet, and it is reverse above the outlet. The higher the initial water content is, the wider the wetted range is and the higher the water content of the soil being the same distance from the outlet is. The above research provides a basis for supplementing the theories and technologies of injection irrigation.
The Geochemical and Isotopic Evidences of Groundwater Circulation in Ordos Plateau Cretaceous Basin, P.R of China
Authors: Wang Dong , Su Xiao Si , Hou Guang Cai , Zhao Zhen Hong , Ma Hong Yun
Published: June 2012

The hydrological cycling of groundwater in Ordos Cretaceous Basin show obvious stratification, the cycle can be divided into three layers by cycling depth, the shallow, the intermediate and the deep. In this paper, a classification standard formed with geochemical and isotopic information is described. The standard is based on a large number of borehole investigation and stratified sampling. In the shallow layer, the groundwater mostly is fresh water with lower amount of total dissolved solids, the dominated anion is HCO3,tritium and 14C features show a high or rich properties; in the intermediate layer, the geochemical type of groundwater are SO4 or SO4-Cl, the age of groundwater calculated by 14C is less than 5000a; in the deep groundwater cycling, dominated anion show a complete evolution processes along the flow direction (HCO3-SO4-Cl) from recharge to discharge area, the groundwater age is commonly bigger than 5000a and even bigger than 10000a in the discharge area.
Water Resource Management for Wetland Restoration Engineering in Tianjin Coastal Area in China
Authors: Ma Chun , Zhang Guang Yu , Zhang Xiao Chun , Zhou Bin , Jiang Wen Xin
Published: June 2012

Wetland is one of the most diverse ecosystem and important habitats. However, degradation and loss of wetlands increased with anthropologic factors. Thus, the research of wetland restoration has become the emphasis and imperative issue. Water plays an important role in ecological evolution of the wetlands, and water requirement is a key step for water resource management of wetland restoration engineering. This research deals with the analysis of water requirement for wetland restoration engineering in a case study in Bohai Bay. The results show that the total water requirement in the study area are (0.18~0.28)×109m3, (0.54~0.81)×109m3, (1.21~1.41)×109m3 to reach the basic objective, moderate objective and perfect objective, respectively.
Research of Water Resources Sustainable Utilization and its Effect on the Development of Regional Economy
Authors: Sun Wen , Ren Jian Min
Published: June 2012

The water resources is the necessary of human life and production, and also the main biological survival factors. In this paper, the Minqin basin water resources utilization, in Shiyang river basin.Minqin basin is one of the most serious areas, in China, the development and utilization of water resources angelica knot, the contradiction of the water and the ecological environment problems. Development and utilization of regional water more than its carrying capacity serious.Support the development of oasis and improve the ecological environment problems in Minqin basin, system analysis for the reasonable exploitation and utilization of groundwater need guarantee of rational use of water resources, and sustainable economic development and ecological environment of the benign circulation.
Photodegradation of Metribuzin by Simulated Solar Light Irradiation
Authors: Liu Hui , Guan Le
Published: June 2012

Photolysis is expected to be a major degradation process for pollutants in surface water. This paper studied the photodegradation of metribuzin, a widely used herbicide, in aqueous solution under simulated solar light irradiation. Photolysis of metribuzin was enhanced by the higher light intensity, and the major products were deaminometribuzin and nitrite ions. Metribuzin degradation was inhibited in the absence of oxygen and at higher pH value. In addition, iron in water promoted the degradation of metribuzin, while dissolved organic matter lowered the degradation rate. This investigation is helpful for better understanding the transformation and the potential ecological risk of metribuzin in natural water.
The Time-Series Study of Xiangjiang River Water Carrying Capacity Based on the Ecological Footprint of Water Resource — The ChangZhuTan Region, for Example
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Shan Shan
Published: June 2012

This paper is based on "the method of ecological footprint of water resource" and through establishing "ecological footprint of water resource" model to analyze the water resources utilization of ChangZhuTan region, Xiangjiang River. Time-series is applied to researching the water resources utilization of ChangZhuTan region , Xiangjiang River from 2003 to 2009. Meanwhile, the indicators like ecological footprint of water resource and so on in the following 6 years are predicted. Ecological footprint of water resource per ten thousand yuan GDP is introduced to analyze the water utilization efficiency of ChangZhuTan Region, Xiangjiang River quantitively. The result shows that, from 2003 to 2009, the water resources of ChangZhuTan Region, Xiangjiang River is in the state of ecological Surplus, but the ecological surplus value decreases year by year, which means that the sustainable utilization of Xiangjiang River is getting worse. The prediction also shows that the ecological footprint of water resource per ten thousand yuan GDP will increase year by year in the next 6 years, which means that the water utilization will be less efficient.
Complex Derivatives of the Traditional Houses’ Ecological Components
Authors: Cai Hong Bin , Xue Yi Bing
Published: June 2012

This text analyzes the defects in design and use of the traditional heated bed and its applied current situation, combining wih the investigation on the spot to the project on the energy-conserving reform of the rural house in the Hei He city, and giving out the energy-conserving reform technology strategy for the traditional heated bed in the northeastern, and emphasizing the important role and practical significance of the complex derivatives of the traditional houses’ ecological components in the modernized transformation of the traditional houses
Study On Intelligent Control System For Tower Cranes Based On ARM
Authors: Zhou Qing Hui , Li Qing Bo , Chen Bao Jiang
Published: June 2012

Intelligent control is essential for tower cranes because the safety and work efficiency of construction. Firstly, an intelligent control system using ARM MCU and its auxiliary equipments, human-machine interface and control strategy were designed for tower cranes to realize monitoring and trouble shooting. Secondly, a fuzzy PID controller was adopted for tower crane. In the end, the experiment was made to test the intelligent control system. The test results show that the intelligent control system can achieve the national standard on tower cranes; also, it can save time, increase work efficiency and provide other auxiliary functions; in addition, the fuzzy PID controller is superior to conventional PID in intelligent control for tower cranes; accordingly, the intelligent control system has a promising application in the tower cranes.
Protection and Utilization of the Ancient Building: Link in History and Future
Authors: Mo Wei , Cai Ya Bing
Published: June 2012

Through study dialectical relation between protection and utilization of the ancient buildings, they complement each other and promote. We should be clear principles of protecting the ancient buildings, rational use and develop the value of the ancient buildings and achieve sustainable development.
Health Evaluation of the Morphological Structure of Dongting Lake Basin: The Catastrophe Progression Method
Authors: Shuai Hong , Li Jing Bao , Xu Si Min , Li Yu Dan
Published: June 2012

The lake basin morphology is closely related to the health level of the lake system function. It is the prerequisite and fundamental to evaluate whether the lake ecosystem and service function are healthy or not. According to historical documents, maps, water and sediment data from 1986 to 2010, the author evaluated the health of the lake basin morphology on the typical years by using the catastrophe progression method and by selecting 8 indicators which includes the exposed frequency of bottomland, hydrodynamic conditions and geometry form of the lake basin.The results showed that: ① The East Dongting Lake has a relatively good health status ( the average of membership grade is 0.7486), but with high fluctuations (0.6775 ~ 0.7965); then followed by South Dongting Lake, (0.7311); the worst is West Dongting Lake (0.7269) while it has a minimum fluctuation of health relative membership degree (0.7026 ~ 0.7487);② In the last 20 years, the health standard of the Morphological Structure of Dongting Lake Basin has shown an tendency of "firstly get worse then improved" . It had the lowest healthy membership grade in 1998(0.6912), and the highest value in 2004(0.7711), the values of the remaining typical years are in between. They constitute a sufficient support to claim that the implementation of "4350" project, and the construction and impounding of the Three Gorges reservoir dam are so effective in improving the lake basin morphology toward the more healthy developing direction.