bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Objective Local Pollination-Based Gray Wolf Optimizer for Task Scheduling Heterogeneous Cloud Environment
Authors: Gokuldhev M. , Singaravel G. , Ram Mohan N. R.
Published: July 2019

The rebel of global networked resource is Cloud computing and it shared the data to the users easily. With the widespread availability of network technologies, the user requests increase day by day. Nowadays, the foremost complication in Cloud technology is task scheduling. The cargo position and arrangement of the tasks are the two important parameters in the Cloud domain, which can provide the Quality of Service (QoS). In this paper, we formulated the optimal minimization of makespan and energy consumption in task scheduling using Local Pollination-based Gray Wolf Optimizer (LPGWO) algorithm. In the hybrid concept, Gray Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm and Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) are combined and used. In the presence of GWO, the best searching factor is used to increase the convergence speed and FPA is used to distribute the data to the next packet of candidate solution using local pollination concept. Chaotic mapping and OBL are used to provide a suitable initial candidate for task solutions. Therefore, the experiments delivered better task scheduling results in low and high heterogeneities of physical machines. Ultimately, the comparison with the simulation results had shown the minimum convergence speed of makespan and energy consumption.
Dark matter in logarithmic F(R) gravity
Authors: Inagaki Tomohiro , Matsuo Yamato , Sakamoto Hiroki
Published: July 2019

The logarithmic [Formula: see text]-corrected [Formula: see text] gravity is investigated as a prototype model of modified gravity theories with quantum corrections. By using the auxiliary field method, the model is described by the general relativity with a scalaron field. The scalaron field can be identified as an inflaton at the primordial inflation era. It is also one of the dark matter candidates in the dark energy (DE) era. It is found that a wide range of the parameters is consistent with the current observations of CMB fluctuations, DE and dark matter.
Study on particle and cluster decay of superheavy nuclei Z = 130–144 using Cubic plus Proximity potential with improved transfer matrix method
Authors: Naveya G. , Santhosh Kumar S. , Philominraj S. I. A. , Stephen A.
Published: July 2019

The one-proton emission, alpha decay and cluster decay using a Cubic Plus Proximity model with improved transfer-matrix method are executed for the first time for the study of decay properties of 368 isotopes of nuclei, far from the beta stability line and beyond the islands of stability [Formula: see text] superheavy nuclei are studied within the range [Formula: see text]. The calculated decay half-lives are in good agreement with other theoretical approaches. The signature of neutron shell closure at [Formula: see text] and proton shell closure at [Formula: see text] obtained from half-life curves for emission of different clusters pronounces the previous predictions. Investigation of competition between various decay modes brings out the dominant decay mode associated with an isotope; for a given [Formula: see text] with increasing [Formula: see text] the dominant decay mode is seen to shift from proton decay to alpha decay and finally spontaneous fission. The decay modes and half-lives which are within the limit of experimental detection [Formula: see text] are presented.
MECHANISM OF INHIBITION OF GALVANIC CORROSION BETWEEN CARBON STEEL AND STAINLESS STEEL BY SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE AND ZINC SULFATE
Authors: HU SHUAI , JIA WENFENG , CHEN ZHENYU , GUO XINGPENG
Published: July 2019

Inhibition effect of sodium [Formula: see text]-lauroyl sarcosinate and zinc sulfate on the galvanic corrosion between carbon steel and stainless steel in 1% NaCl solution was investigated. The results of electrochemical measurements revealed that anodic and cathodic inhibitors inhibited galvanic corrosion by reducing the potential difference between the electrodes in two different ways. The values of corrosion potential and corrosion resistance of carbon steel increased after adding sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate. In contrast, corrosion potential of stainless steel was shifted to the more negative region after adding zinc sulfate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were applied to investigate the chemical compositions and morphologies of the films.
ZnO-Ge MULTILAYER THIN FILM STRUCTURES DEPOSITED BY THERMAL EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: UR-REHMAN NAEEM , MEHMOOD MAZHAR , KHAN ABDUL FAHEEM , ALI SYED MANSOOR , ASHRAF M.
Published: July 2019

Zinc oxide and germanium multilayer films have been deposited on glass substrate using electron beam evaporation and resistive heating system, respectively, for alternate layers. The structural optical and electrical parameters have been investigated for the deposited films. The layer formation was confirmed by employing Rutherford back-scattering technique. Optical properties exhibit quantum confinement effect by showing the separate band gaps for ZnO and Ge. Electrical conductivity increases due to combined effect of all six layers (six alternate layers of Ge and ZnO).
Parametric Excitation of Pre-Stressed Graphene Sheets under Magnetic Field: Nonlinear Vibration and Dynamic Instability
Authors: Ghadiri Majid , Hosseini S. Hamed S.
Published: July 2019

Motivated by the lack of sufficient accuracy in investigation of nonlinear dynamics of graphene sheets (GS), nonlinear dynamic instability and frequency response of the pre-stressed single layered GS (SLGS) are investigated in the present paper. To achieve this aim, in the first step, SLGS embedded on a visco-Pasternak foundation is modeled while it is under an initial stress and subjected to a parametric axial force and magnetic field. Then, based on Eringen’s theory, nonlinear von Karman relations and Kelvin–Voigt model, the nonlinear governing equation of motion is derived. In the next step, Galerkin technique and multiple time scales method are employed to analyze and solve the equation of motion. Emphasizing the effect of parametric excitation, for considering the instability regions, bifurcation points are discussed. As a result, a parametric study is conducted to show the importance of damping coefficient and parametric excitation in dynamic instability of the system. Numerical examples are also treated which show various discontinuous bifurcations. Also, infinitely stable and unstable solutions are addressed.
Learn the Temporal-Spatial Feature of sEMG via Dual-Flow Network
Authors: Tong Runze , Zhang Yue , Chen Hongfeng , Liu Honghai
Published: July 2019

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals have been widely used in human–machine interaction, providing more nature control expedience for external devices. However, due to the instability of sEMG, it is hard to extract consistent sEMG patterns for motion recognition. This paper proposes a dual-flow network to extract the temporal-spatial feature of sEMG for gesture recognition. The proposed network model uses convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory methods (LSTM) to, respectively, extract the spatial feature and temporal feature of sEMG, simultaneously. These features extracted by CNN and LSTM are merged into temporal-spatial feature to form an end-to-end network. A dataset was constructed for testing the performance of the network. In this database, the average recognition accuracy by using our dual-flow model reached 78.31%, which was improved by 6.69% compared to the baseline CNN (71.67%). In addition, NinaPro DB1 is also used to evaluate the proposed methods, receiving 1.86% higher recognition accuracy than the baseline CNN classifier. It is believed that the proposed dual-flow network owns the merit in extracting stable sEMG feature for gesture recognition, and can be further applied into practical applications.
Humanoid Locomotion Control and Generation Based on Contact Wrench Cones
Authors: Zheng Yu , Liao Shi Wen , Yamane Katsu
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a general framework for locomotion control and generation of humanoid robots. Different from most of the existing work which uses the zero-moment point (2mp) to determine the feasibility of robot’s motion, we use the so-called contact wrench cone to derive motion feasibility conditions, whole-body motion controllers, and locomotion generators. The contact wrench cone consists of all feasible wrenches that can be applied to the robot through contacts, which provide allowable external forces and moments for realizing the robot’s motion. Algorithms are proposed to compute quantities defined on linear representations of a general convex cone, which can be various contact wrench cones as needed in developing motion generators and controllers. Based on the contact wrench cone for contact links and the proposed algorithms as well as a decomposition of the whole-body dynamics of a floating-base humanoid robot, we derive two motion tracking controllers. One controller contains a single quadratic program with linear inequality constraints, while the other consists of two quadratic programs which can be quickly solved by one of the proposed algorithms and in a closed form, respectively. Both controllers can be applied in real-time and achieve similar motion tracking performance in simulation. Based on contact wrench cones, furthermore, we derive two motion generation methods for humanoid robots. The first method adapts a reference motion, most often infeasible, to the robot by warping the motion’s time line so that the motion trajectory will remain the same but the velocity and acceleration profiles will be changed. The second method generates bipedal locomotion for given footsteps. All the proposed motion controllers and generators are applicable to general scenarios including uneven terrains and motions with the support of other links besides feet.
ENTREPRENEURIAL CAPITAL AND THE VOLUME OF SMALL ENTERPRISES PRODUCTION: RUSSIAN REGIONS DATA
Authors: PINKOVETSKAIA IULIIA , LEBEDEV ANTON
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to assess the three-factor production functions describing the dependence of the small enterprises (SEs) and microenterprises, which include turnover on the wages of their employees, investments in fixed capital and the entrepreneurial capital of a particular region. The authors propose the indicator that characterizes the level of entrepreneurial capital — the number of employees of large enterprises located in the respective regions. This study is based on the empirical spatial data specifying the activities of employees in all SEs and microenterprises, as well as a number of large enterprises. The official statistical information includes observations on business activity of 1,449 SEs and microenterprises in 80 Russian regions in 2015. The research determines the factors influencing the turnover of enterprises, proves the high quality of the source data approximation using the three-factor production functions and confirms the need for an increased number of small and microenterprises for the Russian regions’ economy. The authors discover tools for the evaluation of production functions, which are of academic and practical importance. They can be used in studies of the regions’ entrepreneurial sectors, for monitoring the efficiency of resource use, and the rationale for the entrepreneurship development programs.
Magnetically-doped polydimethylsiloxane for artificial muscle applications
Authors: Ventura Erik , Oztan Cagri , Palacios Diego , Isabel Vargas Irene , Celik Emrah
Published: July 2019

Artificial muscle actuators demonstrate great potential for improving the quality of life. Recently, polymer muscle actuators have attracted attention due to their inexpensive and highly versatile methods of fabrication along with decent mechanical properties that can mimic those of natural muscles. The aim of this research is to investigate the usability of a magnetite-doped polymer powder, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), for artificial muscle actuators through an inexpensive method of production. PDMS samples doped with different levels of magnetite were fabricated using molds that were produced by additive manufacturing. Subsequently, the samples were magnetically and mechanically characterized by investigation of strength, elastic modulus, failure strain and permittivity, which are vital to meet the load capacity. The test results demonstrated that the mechanical and magnetic properties could be tailored as a function of doping level. Matching the mechanical response of these artificial components to those of artificial muscles will reduce the residual stresses, enhance the artificial muscle life and allow wider use of these materials for biomedical applications. This research rendered fabrication of molds possible for various applications where geometric customization of the actuator is required to meet endure severe loads, thanks to the freeform nature of additive manufacturing.
Effects of Strain on the Half-Metallic and Elastic Properties of FeCrTe and CoCrSi with Clb Structure
Authors: Hussain Moaid K.
Published: July 2019

The effects of strain on the half-metallic (HM) and elastic properties of FeCrTe and CoCrSi alloys with Clb structure were calculated using a first-principles calculation. Both compounds showed (HM) property with full spin polarization, and this property can be present when their lattice constants are in the range from 5.18 Å to 5.71 Å for CoCrSi, and 5.25 Å to 6.05 Å for FeCrTe. The calculations of elastic properties show that both compounds are mechanically stable, ductile and hard with varied properties. In addition, calculations of the elastic characteristics for the above ranges for both FeCrTe and CoCrSi alloys showed mechanical stability, therefore, the FeCrTe and CoCrSi alloys are likely to be composed in experimental applications.
Interview with Ben Shneiderman
Authors: Atzenbeck Claus
Published: July 2019

Ben Shneiderman (http://www.cs.umd.edu/~ben) is a Distinguished University Professor in the Department of Computer Science, Founding Director (1983--2000) of the Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory (http://hcil.umd.edu), and a Member of the UM Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS) at the University of Maryland. He is a Fellow of the AAAS, ACM, IEEE, and NAI, and a Member of the National Academy of Engineering, in recognition of his pioneering contributions to human-computer interaction and information visualization. His widely-used contributions include the clickable highlighted web-links, high-precision touchscreen keyboards for mobile devices, and tagging for photos. Shneiderman's information visualization innovations include dynamic query sliders for Spotfire, development of treemaps for viewing hierarchical data, novel network visualizations for NodeXL, and event sequence analysis for electronic health records.

Ben is the co-author with Catherine Plaisant of Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction (6th ed., 2016). With Stu Card and Jock Mackinlay, he co-authored Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think (1999). His book Leonardo's Laptop (MIT Press) won the IEEE book award for Distinguished Literary Contribution. He co-authored, Analyzing Social Media Networks with NodeXL (Morgan Kaufmann) with Derek Hansen and Marc Smith. The New ABCs of Research: Achieving Breakthrough Collaborations (Oxford, April 2016) has an accompanying short book Twin-Win Research: Breakthrough Theories and Validated Solutions for Societal Benefit: Second Edition (2019).
Maximally Correlated Principal Component Analysis Based on Deep Parameterization Learning
Authors: Chen Haoran , Li Jinghua , Gao Junbin , Sun Yanfeng , Hu Yongli , Yin Baocai
Published: July 2019

Dimensionality reduction is widely used to deal with high-dimensional data. As a famous dimensionality reduction method, principal component analysis (PCA) aiming at finding the low dimension feature of original data has made great successes, and many improved PCA algorithms have been proposed. However, most algorithms based on PCA only consider the linear correlation of data features. In this article, we propose a novel dimensionality reduction model called maximally correlated PCA based on deep parameterization learning (MCPCADP), which takes nonlinear correlation into account in the deep parameterization framework for the purpose of dimensionality reduction. The new model explores nonlinear correlation by maximizing Ky-Fan norm of the covariance matrix of nonlinearly mapped data features. A new BP algorithm for model optimization is derived. In order to assess the proposed method, we conduct experiments on both a synthetic database and several real-world databases. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is comparable to several widely used algorithms.
Knapsack Voting for Participatory Budgeting
Authors: Goel Ashish , Krishnaswamy Anilesh K. , Sakshuwong Sukolsak , Aitamurto Tanja
Published: July 2019

We address the question of aggregating the preferences of voters in the context of participatory budgeting. We scrutinize the voting method currently used in practice, underline its drawbacks, and introduce a novel scheme tailored to this setting, which we call “Knapsack Voting.” We study its strategic properties—we show that it is strategy-proof under a natural model of utility (a dis-utility given by the ℓ
1
distance between the outcome and the true preference of the voter) and “partially” strategy-proof under general additive utilities. We extend Knapsack Voting to more general settings with revenues, deficits, or surpluses and prove a similar strategy-proofness result. To further demonstrate the applicability of our scheme, we discuss its implementation on the digital voting platform that we have deployed in partnership with the local government bodies in many cities across the nation. From voting data thus collected, we present empirical evidence that Knapsack Voting works well in practice.
VIPER
Authors: Angles Baptiste , Rebain Daniel , Macklin Miles , Wyvill Brian , Barthe Loic , Lewis Jp , Von Der Pahlen Javier , Izadi Shahram , Valentin Julien , Bouaziz Sofien , Tagliasacchi Andrea
Published: July 2019

We extend the formulation of position-based rods to include elastic volumetric deformations. We achieve this by introducing an additional degree of freedom per vertex -- isotropic scale (and its velocity). Including scale enriches the space of possible deformations, allowing the simulation of volumetric effects, such as a reduction in cross-sectional area when a rod is stretched. We rigorously derive the continuous formulation of its elastic energy potentials, and hence its associated position-based dynamics (PBD) updates to realize this model, enabling the simulation of up to 26000 DOFs at 140 Hz in our GPU implementation. We further show how rods can provide a compact alternative to tetrahedral meshes for the representation of complex muscle deformations, as well as providing a convenient representation for collision detection. This is achieved by modeling a muscle as a bundle of rods, for which we also introduce a technique to automatically convert a muscle surface mesh into a rods-bundle. Finally, we show how rods and/or bundles can be skinned to a surface mesh to drive its deformation, resulting in an alternative to cages for real-time volumetric deformation. The source code of our physics engine will be openly available1.
Rebuilding racket on chez scheme (experience report)
Authors: Flatt Matthew , Derici Caner , Dybvig R. Kent , Keep Andrew W. , Massaccesi Gustavo E. , Spall Sarah , Tobin-Hochstadt Sam , Zeppieri Jon
Published: July 2019

We rebuilt Racket on Chez Scheme, and it works well—as long as we're allowed a few patches to Chez Scheme. DrRacket runs, the Racket distribution can build itself, and nearly all of the core Racket test suite passes. Maintainability and performance of the resulting implementation are good, although some work remains to improve end-to-end performance. The least predictable part of our effort was how big the differences between Racket and Chez Scheme would turn out to be and how we would manage those differences. We expect Racket on Chez Scheme to become the main Racket implementation, and we encourage other language implementers to consider Chez Scheme as a target virtual machine.
Fuzzi: a three-level logic for differential privacy
Authors: Zhang Hengchu , Roth Edo , Haeberlen Andreas , Pierce Benjamin C. , Roth Aaron
Published: July 2019

Curators of sensitive datasets sometimes need to know whether queries against the data are
differentially private
. Two sorts of logics have been proposed for checking this property: (1)
type systems
and other static analyses, which fully automate straightforward reasoning with concepts like “program sensitivity” and “privacy loss,” and (2) full-blown program logics such as apRHL (an approximate, probabilistic, relational Hoare logic), which support more flexible reasoning about subtle privacy-preserving algorithmic techniques but offer only minimal automation.

We propose a
three-level logic
for differential privacy in an imperative setting and present a prototype implementation called Fuzzi. Fuzzi’s lowest level is a general-purpose logic; its middle level is apRHL; and its top level is a novel
sensitivity logic
adapted from the linear-logic-inspired type system of Fuzz, a differentially private functional language. The key novelty is a high degree of integration between the sensitivity logic and the two lower-level logics: the judgments and proofs of the sensitivity logic can be easily translated into apRHL; conversely, privacy properties of key algorithmic building blocks can be proved manually in apRHL and the base logic, then packaged up as typing rules that can be applied by a checker for the sensitivity logic to automatically construct privacy proofs for composite programs of arbitrary size.

We demonstrate Fuzzi’s utility by implementing four different private machine-learning algorithms and showing that Fuzzi’s checker is able to derive tight sensitivity bounds.
Higher-order type-level programming in Haskell
Authors: Kiss Csongor , Field Tony , Eisenbach Susan , Peyton Jones Simon
Published: July 2019

Type family applications in Haskell must be fully saturated. This means that all type-level functions have to be first-order, leading to code that is both messy and longwinded. In this paper we detail an extension to GHC that removes this restriction. We augment Haskell’s existing type arrow, |->|, with an
unmatchable
arrow, | >|, that supports partial application of type families without compromising soundness. A soundness proof is provided. We show how the techniques described can lead to substantial code-size reduction (circa 80%) in the type-level logic of commonly-used type-level libraries whilst simultaneously improving code quality and readability.
Mechanized relational verification of concurrent programs with continuations
Authors: Timany Amin , Birkedal Lars
Published: July 2019

Concurrent higher-order imperative programming languages with continuations are very flexible and allow for the implementation of sophisticated programming patterns. For instance, it is well known that continuations can be used to implement cooperative concurrency. Continuations can also simplify web server implementations. This, in particular, helps simplify keeping track of the state of server’s clients. However, such advanced programming languages are very challenging to reason about. One of the main challenges in reasoning about programs in the presence of continuations is due to the fact that the non-local flow of control breaks the
bind
rule, one of the important modular reasoning principles of Hoare logic.

In this paper we present the first completely formalized tool for interactive mechanized relational verification of programs written in a concurrent higher-order imperative programming language with continuations (call/cc and throw). We develop novel logical relations which can be used to give mechanized proofs of relational properties. In particular, we prove correctness of an implementation of cooperative concurrency with continuations. In addition, we show that that a rudimentary web server implemented using the continuation-based pattern is contextually equivalent to one implemented without the continuation-based pattern. We introduce context-local reasoning principles for our calculus which allows us to regain modular reasoning principles for the fragment of the language without non-local control flow. These novel reasoning principles can be used in tandem with our (non-context-local) Hoare logic for reasoning about programs that do feature non-local control flow. Indeed, we use the combination of context-local and non-context-local reasoning to simplify reasoning about the examples.
A reasonably exceptional type theory
Authors: Pédrot Pierre-Marie , Tabareau Nicolas , Fehrmann Hans Jacob , Tanter Éric
Published: July 2019

Traditional approaches to compensate for the lack of exceptions in type theories for proof assistants have severe drawbacks from both a programming and a reasoning perspective.

Pédrot and Tabareau recently extended the Calculus of Inductive Constructions (CIC) with exceptions. The new exceptional type theory is interpreted by a translation into CIC, covering full dependent elimination, decidable type-checking and canonicity. However, the exceptional theory is inconsistent as a logical system. To recover consistency, Pédrot and Tabareau propose an additional translation that uses parametricity to enforce that all exceptions are caught locally. While this enforcement brings logical expressivity gains over CIC, it completely prevents reasoning about exceptional programs such as partial functions.

This work addresses the dilemma between exceptions and consistency in a more flexible manner, with the
Reasonably Exceptional Type Theory
(RETT). RETT is structured in three layers: (a) the
exceptional
layer, in which all terms can raise exceptions; (b) the
mediation
layer, in which exceptional terms must be provably parametric; (c) the
pure
layer, in which terms are non-exceptional, but can refer to exceptional terms.

We present the general theory of RETT, where each layer is realized by a predicative hierarchy of universes, and develop an instance of RETT in Coq: the impure layer corresponds to the predicative universe hierarchy, the pure layer is realized by the impredicative universe of propositions, and the mediation layer is reified via a parametricity type class. RETT is the first full dependent type theory to support consistent reasoning about exceptional terms, and the CoqRETT plugin readily brings this ability to Coq programmers.
Mixed linear and non-linear recursive types
Authors: Lindenhovius Bert , Mislove Michael , Zamdzhiev Vladimir
Published: July 2019

We describe a type system with mixed linear and non-linear recursive types called LNL-FPC (the linear/non-linear fixpoint calculus). The type system supports linear typing which enhances the safety properties of programs, but also supports non-linear typing as well which makes the type system more convenient for programming. Just like in FPC, we show that LNL-FPC supports type-level recursion which in turn induces term-level recursion. We also provide sound and computationally adequate categorical models for LNL-FPC which describe the categorical structure of the substructural operations of Intuitionistic Linear Logic at all non-linear types, including the recursive ones. In order to do so, we describe a new technique for solving recursive domain equations within the category CPO by constructing the solutions over pre-embeddings. The type system also enjoys implicit weakening and contraction rules which we are able to model by identifying the canonical comonoid structure of all non-linear types. We also show that the requirements of our abstract model are reasonable by constructing a large class of concrete models that have found applications not only in classical functional programming, but also in emerging programming paradigms that incorporate linear types, such as quantum programming and circuit description programming languages.
An Optimal
O
(
nm
) Algorithm for Enumerating All Walks Common to All Closed Edge-covering Walks of a Graph
Authors: Cairo Massimo , Medvedev Paul , Acosta Nidia Obscura , Rizzi Romeo , Tomescu Alexandru I.
Published: July 2019

In this article, we consider the following problem. Given a directed graph
G
, output all walks of
G
that are sub-walks of all closed edge-covering walks of
G
. This problem was first considered by Tomescu and Medvedev (RECOMB 2016), who characterized these walks through the notion of
omnitig
. Omnitigs were shown to be relevant for the genome assembly problem from bioinformatics, where a genome sequence must be assembled from a set of reads from a sequencing experiment. Tomescu and Medvedev (RECOMB 2016) also proposed an algorithm for listing all maximal omnitigs, by launching an exhaustive visit from every edge.

In this article, we prove new insights about the structure of omnitigs and solve several open questions about them. We combine these to achieve an
O
(
nm
)-time algorithm for outputting all the maximal omnitigs of a graph (with
n
nodes and
m
edges). This is also optimal, as we show families of graphs whose total omnitig length is Ω(
nm
). We implement this algorithm and show that it is 9--12 times faster in practice than the one of Tomescu and Medvedev (RECOMB 2016).
Lambda: the ultimate sublanguage (experience report)
Authors: Yallop Jeremy , White Leo
Published: July 2019

We describe our experience teaching an advanced typed functional programming course based around the use of System Fω as a programming language.
Facilitating the Quantitative Analysis of Complex Events through a Computational Intelligence Model-Driven Tool
Authors: Díaz Gregorio , Macià Hermenegilda , Valero Valentín , Boubeta-Puig Juan , Ortiz Guadalupe
Published: July 2019

Complex event processing (CEP) is a computational intelligence technology capable of analyzing big data streams for event pattern recognition in real time. In particular, this technology is vastly useful for analyzing multicriteria conditions in a pattern, which will trigger alerts (complex events) upon their fulfillment. However, one of the main challenges to be faced by CEP is how to define the quantitative analysis to be performed in response to the produced complex events. In this paper, we propose the use of the MEdit4CEP-CPN model-driven tool as a solution for conducting such quantitative analysis of events of interest for an application domain, without requiring knowledge of any scientific programming language for implementing the pattern conditions. Precisely, MEdit4CEP-CPN facilitates domain experts to graphically model event patterns, transform them into a Prioritized Colored Petri Net (PCPN) model, modify its initial marking depending on the application scenario, and make the quantitative analysis through the simulation and monitor capabilities provided by CPN tools.
The Basics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Anatomical and Pathophysiological Considerations and Clinical Aspects
Authors: Dogan Nasuh Utku , Dogan Selen , Favero Giovanni , Köhler Christhardt , Dursun Polat
Published: July 2019

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first node to receive the drainage directly from a tumor. Detection and pathological examination of the SLN is an important oncological procedure that minimizes morbidity related to extensive nodal dissection. SLN biopsy was first reported in 1960 but took approximately 40 years to come into general practice following reports of good outcomes in patients with melanoma. After many years of observation and research on its use in various malignancies SLN biopsy has become the standard surgical treatment in patients with malignant melanoma, breast, vulvar, and cervical cancers. Along with the introduction of new technologies, such as the fluorescent dyes indocyanine green (ICG) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIR), and pathologic ultrastaging, SLN detection rate has increased and false-negative rate has decreased. This literature review aimed to present an overview of the basic concepts and clinical aspects of SLN biopsy in the light of the current research.
Transmissivity Identification by Combination of CVFEM and Genetic Algorithm: Application to the Coastal Aquifer
Authors: Smaoui Hassan , Maqsoud Abdelkabir , Kaidi Sami
Published: July 2019

The solution of inverse problems in groundwater flow has been massively invested by several researchers around the world. This type of problem has been formulated by a constrained optimization problem and this constraint is none other than the direct problem (DP) itself. Thus, solving algorithms are developed that simultaneously solve the direct problem (Darcy’s equation) and the associated optimization problem. Several papers have been published in the literature using optimization methods based on computation of the objective function gradients. This type of method suffers from the inability to provide a global optimum. Similarly, they also have the disadvantage of not being applicable to objective functions of discontinuous derivatives. This paper is proposed to avoid these disadvantages. Indeed, for the optimization phase, we use random search‐based methods that do not use derivative computations, but based on a search step followed only by evaluation of the objective function as many times as necessary to the convergence towards the global optimum. Among the different algorithms of this type of methods, we adopted the genetic algorithm (GA). On the other hand, the numerical solution of the direct problem is accomplished by the CVFEM discretization method (Control Volume Finite Element Method) which ensures the mass conservation in a natural way by its mathematical formulation. The resulting computation code HySubF‐CVFEM (Hydrodynamic of Subsurface Flow by Control Volume Finite Element Method) solves the Darcy equation in a heterogeneous porous medium. Thus, this paper describes the description of the integrated optimization algorithm called HySubF‐CVFEM/GA that has been successfully implemented and validated successfully compared to a schematic flow case offering analytical solutions. The results of this comparison are qualified of excellent accuracy. To identify the transmissivity field of the realistic study area, the code HySubF‐CVFEM/GA was applied to the coastal “Chaouia” groundwater located in Western of Morocco. This aquifer of high heterogeneity is essential for water resources for the Casablanca region. Results analysis of this study has shown that the developed code is capable of providing high accuracy transmissivity fields, thus representing the heterogeneity observed in situ. However, in comparison with gradient method optimization the HySubF‐CVFEM/GA code converges too slowly to the optimal solution (large CPU‐time consuming). Despite this disadvantage, and given the high accuracy of the obtained results, the HySubF‐CVFEM/GA code can be recommended to solve in an efficient and effective manner the identification parameters problems in hydrogeology.
Risk of Developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma following Depressive Disorder Based on the Expression Level of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1
Authors: Chen Yan , Zhang Jiongshan , Liu Mengting , Zou Zengcheng , Wang Fenglin , Hu Hao , Sun Baoguo , Zhang Shijun
Published: July 2019

Background. Accumulating evidence from prospective epidemiological studies has showed that depression disorder (DD) is a risk factor for cancer. The aim of this study is to explore the association of DD and the overall occurrence risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism.Methods. In this study, 60 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, DD group, HCC group, HCC-DD group. Mice received a chronic dose of reserpine to establish depression model, followed by Diethylnitrosamine and Carbon tetrachloride administration to establish HCC models. Behavioral depression was assessed by sucrose preference test (SPT) and the expression of Serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor in the hippocampal. The expression of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 in the digestive system tissues was detected by PCR and western blotting.Results. Reserpine-administrated mice had a reducing sucrose preference at Day 14 compared with blank mice (P<0.05). The expression of 5-HT1A receptor in the hippocampal was decreased in DD mice compared with blank mice. The survival analysis indicated that the HCC mice with DD have poorer survival rate compared with the HCC mice. Compared with HCC mice, the expression of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 was lower in liver and stomach tissue and higher in hepatic carcinoma and colon tissue of HCC-DD mice (P<0.05), and the expression of Oatp2a1 was higher in the spleen tissue of HCC-DD mice while the expression of Oatp2b1 was lower (P<0.05). However, no difference was found in the expression of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 in the small intestine tissue between HCC group and HCC-DD group.Conclusions. DD was the adverse factors for the overall occurrence risk of HCC. Mechanistically, be the downregulation of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 in liver tissue induced by DD might be involved.
Psychophysiological Characteristics of Burnout Syndrome: Resting-State EEG Analysis
Authors: Golonka Krystyna , Gawlowska Magda , Mojsa-Kaja Justyna , Marek Tadeusz
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The consequences of chronic work-related stress are related to various emotional, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms. Occupational burnout as a complex syndrome is characterized by exhaustion, cynicism, and lower professional efficacy. Moreover, the growing amount of research on the neural correlates of burnout broadens the existing knowledge on the mechanisms underlying this syndrome.Aim of the Study. The aim of the study is to explore possible differences in brain activity between burnout and nonburnout employees. Frequency-specific EEG power analyses in a resting-state condition in burnout subjects and controls are presented.Materials and Methods. Burnout employees (N=46; 19 men) were matched with the control group (N=49; 19 men; mean age: 36.14 years, SD=7.89). The Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS) scale were used to measure burnout symptoms and work conditions, respectively. A 256-channel EEG (EGI System 300) was used to collect psychophysiological data. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed with condition (eyes-open vs. eyes-closed) and region (6 levels: extracted scalp regions) factors; burnout (2 levels: burnout vs. no burnout) was the grouping factor.Results. A significant difference was observed only in the alpha frequency band: the burnout group revealed significantly lower alpha power in the eyes-open condition compared to the controls (p<0.05). The correlation analysis revealed that gender may significantly change the pattern of relations between EEG spectral characteristics and burnout symptoms.Conclusions. Reduced alpha power in burnout individuals suggests cortical hyperactivity and may be related to greater mental effort and the possible development of compensatory mechanisms by burnout subjects.
OTAs Selection for Hot Spring Hotels by a Hybrid MCDM Model
Authors: Liao Sen-Kuei , Hsu Hsiao-Yin , Chang Kuei-Lun
Published: July 2019

Tourism has been identified as one of the sectors that will contribute to Taiwan’s economic development. Online travel agencies’ role in producing economic value in the hospitality industry continues to grow. The hotel industry is used in this study as the research context to help managers of hot spring hotels select the optimal online travel agencies (OTAs) using a hybrid multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) model. The aim of this paper is threefold: first, to obtain selection criteria for OTAs based on the fuzzy Delphi method; second, to extract interdependencies between the perspectives using decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL); and third, according to interdependencies between the perspectives, to rank the alternatives by analytic network process (ANP). Based on the proposed model, a real‐world company was conducted and demonstrated OTAs selection problem; the results demonstrated the proficiencies and effectiveness of this model.
Acupuncture Needling, Electroacupuncture, and Fire Needling Improve Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Lesions through Reducing Local Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Wang Yan , Fu Yuanbo , Zhang Lu , Fu Jing , Li Bin , Zhao Luopeng , Di Tingting , Meng Yujiao , Li Ningfei , Guo Jianning , Li Ping , Zhao Jingxia
Published: July 2019

Psoriasis is a common autoimmune disease. Acupuncture-related techniques have been widely used to treat psoriasis since its ability to engage neuronal function, the immune system, and other systems is well documented. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of three common acupuncture-related techniques in psoriasis-like skin inflammatory responses and explore the possible involved mechanisms. Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice were treated with acupuncture needling, electroacupuncture, or fire acupuncture. Methotrexate (MTX) was applied as a positive control. Scoring by the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) evaluated skin lesion changes. Keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration were investigated using pathological staining. The secretion levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of neuropeptides were assessed by Western immunoblotting. We found that acupuncture needling, electroacupuncture, and fire acupuncture all ameliorated skin lesions, reduced epidermal thickness, inhibited keratinocyte proliferation, and reduced CD3+ T cell infiltration. The aforementioned acupuncture techniques also decreased inflammatory cytokine secretion, including IL-1β, IL-17A, and IL-23p40. Among them, electroacupuncture showed the best curative effects. Additionally, electroacupuncture downregulated the expression levels of Neurokinin A (NKA), which was positively associated with decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in local lesions. In conclusion, acupuncture needling, electroacupuncture, and fire acupuncture alleviated IMQ-induced psoriasis-like lesions. By contrast, electroacupuncture was more beneficial in reducing the inflammatory response, which might be related to locally dampened neuropeptide levels. Observations support the therapeutic effect of acupuncture for psoriasis and indicate a neuromodulatory mechanism in treating psoriasis by electroacupuncture.
The Association between a 24-Hour Blood Pressure Pattern and Circadian Change in Plasma Aldosterone Concentration for Patients with Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma
Authors: Li Hai , Liu Jianbin , Liu Juan , Liu Liehua , Huang Minmin , Wei Guohong , Deng Wanping , Huang Zhimin , Cao Xiaopei , Xiao Haipeng , Li Yanbing
Published: July 2019

The absence of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) decline is associated with hypertensive complications. Data regarding circadian BP patterns in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) are limited and equivocal. We evaluated the circadian BP profile in patients with APA and its relationship with the circadian aldosterone rhythm. BP in patients with APA and in those with essential hypertension (EH) were assessed through in-hospital 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Over a 24-h in-hospital period, plasma aldosterone levels taken at midnight, 0400, 0800, 1200, 1600, and 2000 h were measured. To evaluate a correlation between BP and hormone rhythm, we included 27 patients with APA (APA group) and 27 patients with EH (EH group). Both groups had similar age, sex ratio, body mass index, duration of hypertension, family history of hypertension, and lipid profiles. The day-night BP differences in both patient groups were similar, whether expressed as absolute values or percentages. The proportions of patients with dipping BP profiles were also comparable (APA group, 5 of 27; EH group, 7 of 27; χ2 = 0.429; P = 0.513). At each time point, APA group plasma aldosterone concentrations (PACs) were higher than those of the EH group. A circadian change in relation to PAC was observed in both groups. A correlation between PAC and BP was statistically nonsignificant in most study patients in either group. Our data indicated that the circadian BP pattern was not associated with a change in PAC levels in patients with APA.
Long Non-Coding RNA Expression Profile Associated with Malignant Progression of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Zhou Shanghui , Zhu Yun , He Zhijing , Zhang Dahe , Guo Feng , Jian Xinchun , Zhang Chenping
Published: July 2019

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) as one of the premalignant disorders endures a series of histopathological stages to invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) eventually. However, the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in OSF malignant progression still remains poorly understood. Through RNA-sequencing normal mucous, OSF and OSCC tissues, we found 687 lncRNA transcripts significantly and differentially expressed during OSF progression, including 231 upregulated lncRNAs and 456 downregulated lncRNAs, indicating that lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of different stages of OSF development. Further functional enrichment analysis showed these differentially expressed lncRNAs participated in inflammation signaling, Wnt signaling, angiogenesis, CCKR signaling, integrin signaling, PDGF signaling, p53 signaling, and EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways, which contribute to inflammatory and fibroelastic pathogenetic changes of OSF and further malignant progression. Five novel lncRNAs were differentially expressed during OSF progression with varied expression levels, indicating the importance of these lncRNAs in OSF malignant development. Moreover, some lncRNAs have been previously identified to be associated with OSCC pathogenesis, including HCG22, RP11-397A16.1, LINC00271, CTD-3179P9.1, and ZNF667-AS1. Thus, our study firstly comprehensively elucidated lncRNAs expression profile of malignant procession from OSF premalignant lesion to OSCC, which will enlighten our understanding of the importance of lncRNA involved in OSF malignant development.
Analysis of Gas Flow Behavior for Highly Deviated Wells in Naturally Fractured‐Vuggy Carbonate Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Wang Kongjie , Wang Lian , Adenutsi Caspar Daniel , Li Zhiping , Yang Sen , Zhang Liang , Wang Lan
Published: July 2019

To improve the carbonate gas reservoir development and production, highly deviated wells (HDW) are widely used in the field. Production decline analysis of HDW is crucial for long‐term gas reservoir development. However, it is a new challenge to incorporate the complex pore structure of naturally fractured‐vuggy carbonate gas reservoirs and evaluate the production performance of HDW. This paper presents a semianalytical model to analyze the pressure and production behavior of HDW in naturally fractured‐vuggy carbonate gas reservoirs, which consist of fractures, vugs, and matrix. The primary flow occurs only through the fracture and the outer boundary is closed. Introducing pseudopressure and pseudotime, the Laplace transformation, Fourier transformation, and its inverse and Stehfest numerical inversion were employed to establish a point source and line source solutions. Furthermore, the validity of the proposed model was verified by comparing a field data from the Arum River Basin in Turkmenistan. Finally, the effects of major parameters on the production decline curves were analyzed by using the proposed model and it was found that they had influences at different stages of gas production history and the sensitivity intensity of each parameter was different. With its high efficiency and simplicity, this semianalytical model will serve as a useful tool to evaluate the well production behavior for the naturally fractured‐vuggy carbonate gas reservoirs.