bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hz. Peygamber’in Mucizelerinden Hanînü’l-Ciz’ Hadisesi (Mahiyeti ve İntikal Şekli)
Authors: ÖNAL Ramazan
Published: December 2020

Yüce yaratıcı her devirde, insanları uyarmaları (inzâr-tebşir), kendi emir ve yasaklarını onlara tebliğ etmeleri için elçiler göndermiş, bu elçilerin davalarında sadık olduklarını teyit etmek için de onlardan her birine normal bir insanın yapma ihtimali bulunmayan çeşitli olağanüstü haller bahşetmiştir. Kur’an, geçmiş peygamberlerin mücadelelerini ve karşılaştıkları sıkıntıları çeşitli vesilelerle anlatmış ve her bir peygamberin mücadelesinin sembolü olan mucizelerinden bahsetmiştir. Hz. İbrahim’in ateşin içinde yanmaması, Hz. Musa’nın asası, Hz. Süleyman’ın emrine rüzgârın verilmesi, Hz. Salih’in devesi, Hz. İsa’nın ölüleri diriltmesi gibi mucizeler Kur’an’ın sıkça dile getirdiği olaylardır. En büyük mucize kabilinden Kur’an’ın Hz. Muhammed’e verildiği hususu tartışmasızdır. Bunun haricinde bir kısmı bizzat Kur’a’nda geçmekte olan ve diğer bir kısmı da muteber siyer, hadis ve İslam tarihi kaynaklarında yer alan diğer mucizelerinden de bahsedilmektedir. İsrâ ve Mi’râc olayları, câmid varlıklarla konuşması, hurma kütüğünün ağlaması ve ayın ikiye bölünmesi Hz. Peygamberin mucizelerinden bazılarıdır. Kaynaklarda “Hanînü’l-Ciz’” hadisesi olarak zikredilen ve Medine döneminde meydana geldiği rivayet edilen hurma kütüğünün inlemesi hadisesi Mescid-i Nebi’de büyük bir kalabalığın huzurunda meydana gelmiştir. Birçok ravi tarafından farklı sahabeden nakledilen bu olayın bize intikali şekliyle ilgili hiçbir şüphe bulunmamaktadır.
A Review; Application of Mechanical Monster in Era of Agricultural Industry
Authors: Anjikar Akshay , Jha Dr. Vinay Chandra
Published: December 2020

In the Indian economy, agriculture plays a vital role. Over the last few decades, Indian agriculture has recorded good growth. Implementing new ideas in this field is very important, although a lot of work has been done in this area. The multipurpose farming robot is a fundamental and major agricultural machine for full yield. The traditional method of weeding, sowing seeds and spraying pesticides is a laborious procedure. In India, many farmers still use bullocks, horses, and buffalo for agricultural operations. In contrast to other countries around the world, this will not fulfil the need for agricultural energy requirements. We assume that human and animal efforts can be replaced from an economic point of view by some advanced mechanism that will be ideal for small-scale farmers. We are therefore designing this prototype and assume that it will fulfil all requirements and problems in real life. India is a country focused on agriculture in which 70% of individuals rely on the results of farming. But if we observe that with population growth the farm is spread among the family and because of this, farmers in India kept only two acres of farm on average. Economically, farmers are still very poor because they are unable to afford tractors and other expensive machinery, so they use conventional farming methods. So, we are designing this machinery that will fulfil all this need and solve the problem of labor.
Evaluation of two phyto powder combinations (Azadiracta indica and Zingiber officinale) and a synthetic insecticide (Primiphos methyl powder) in the control of cowpea weevil Callosobrucus maculatus (Fab.)
Authors: Amadi A. N. C. , Ibediugha B. N. , Ubiaru P. C. , God’slove F. O.
Published: December 2020

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. walp) is one of the most important leguminous crops that are widely grown
throughout the tropics. The aim of the study is to evaluate the combination of two botanical powders and a
synthetic insecticide in the control of cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) on stored cowpea grain. The
botanical powders were admixed with the cowpea grain at a combination of 3:7, 7:3 and 5:5 per 50g of beans
while the primiphos methyl powder was admixed at 0.25g per 50g of cowpea. In the control, no treatment was
used. The experimental design adopted for the experiment was Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and each
treatment was replicated four times for each experiment. Twenty (20) adults of C. maculatus unsexed (taken
from stock culture kept in the laboratory) were introduced into each vial including the control and were covered
with muslin cloth held tightly in place with rubber band to prevent the weevils from escaping. The experiments
were monitored for 72 hours. The results showed that the plant powders and primiphos methyl powder were
good grain protectants. The highest mortality recorded was in primiphos methyl powder (78) followed by the
combination of Azadirachta indica and Zingiber officinale powder at the ratio of 5:5 (76), 7:3 (68) while the
least was 3:7 which recorded 62. The mean mortality of C. maculatus caused by primiphos methyl powder (6.50),
was significantly (P<0.05) different from the untreated control (0.00), but was not statistically different from the
combination of Azadirachta indica and Zingiber officinale in the ratio of 5 to 5, but the combinations of A. indica
and Z. officinale in the ratio of 3:7 and 7:3 were significantly different. The study suggests that botanicals should
be incorporated into grain protection as alternatives to chemical insecticides in the control of C. maculatus in
cowpea grain during storage.
Quantification of the Probability of Exposure of Humans to Pathogenic Microbes Present in Some Ready-To-Eat Foods Served in Nigerian Restaurants
Authors: Okafor-Elenwo Ebere Julein , Imade Odaro Stanley
Published: December 2020

Foodborne diseases have become global public health problems. Some ready-to-eat (RTE) foods, particularly
vegetable salads, are generally considered as high-risk foods because they often harbour myriad of microbial
pathogens. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the probability of exposure of humans to pathogenic
microbes in RTE salads and fufu served in Nigerian restaurants. Isolation of bacteria in the samples was carried
out with the pour plate technique. Identification of bacterial colonies was performed with phenotypic methods
and 16S rRNA gene analysis. The parasitological examination was performed with zinc sulphate centrifugal
floatation method. Overall mean aerobic plate counts (APC) of salad and fufu samples were 7.10 ± 6.69 log10
CFU/g and 3.67 ± 2.77 log10 CFU/g respectively; while mean total coliform counts (TCC) were respectively
6.45 ± 5.90 log10 CFU/g and 2.46 ± 1.90 log10 CFU/g. Bacterial counts seen in salad samples were statistically
significantly different (p = 0.009; α = 0.05 for APC and p = 0.001; α = 0.05 for TCC) from those recorded in
fufu samples. The increasing order of human exposure to specific microbial genera present in the salad samples
is Ascaris-Citrobacter- Serratia-Entamoeba- Staphylococcus- Pseudomonas- Bacillus- Proteus. Humans were
only exposed to Bacillus species in fufu samples because most of the microbes that were found in salads were
not present in fufu. Thus, it is recommended that sellers and food handlers of RTE foods, particularly the RTE
salads, should routinely decontaminate and properly handle the vegetable ingredients used in preparing salads.
Geoelectrical and Microbial Assessment of the Agbarho Abattoir Effluent on Ground Water Quality in Agbarho Community, Delta State
Authors: Olaseni V.B. , Onifade Y.S. , Adeleye S.A. , Ogah V.A.
Published: December 2020

The effluence of Agbarho abattoir wastes and animals’ dung on near surface groundwater quality was
geoelectrically investigated using 2-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity by engaging Wenner array configuration
using PASI-16GL Terrameter. Four traverses of lateral distance of 50m with 2.5m electrode spacing were gotten
from the study area and the acquired data was processed and inverted using RES2DINV software so as to
delineate the trend of migration of contaminants. Borehole-water samples were collected within the study area
for both physiochemical and microbiological analyzes while the depth of aquifer (groundwater) was determined
by employing Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES). The 2-Dimensional Inversion model for traverse 1 and 2
revealed a low resistivity value of 0.445Ωm and 2.53Ωm respectively and this occurred at the top soil. Also, the
low resistivity value of 0.319Ωm in traverse 3 was indicated in the second layer at the lateral distance between
15m to 35m and at the depth of 6.22m. The model in traverse 4 revealed low resistivity value of 0.374Ωm from
the top layer down to the fourth layer at the depth of 9.8m. These low resistivity values indicate high conductivity
of bacterial and algae of the animal waste and this can be attributed to the presence of suspected contaminants
plume of the abattoir. The depth of aquifer revealed by Vertical Electrical Sounding was 8.9m which is in third
layer and the lithology was found to be as fine sand. All physiochemical results including pH value which is 5.1
(acidic in nature) fell below the permissible limit of World Health Organization (WHO). The microbial result
showed the total coliform count value as 70 cfu/ml which is not in-line with WHO standard. In conclusion, the
study showed that the contaminant exists and pose threat to groundwater in the study area.
Effects of single oral dose of ethanol extract of root of Sarcocephalus latifolius (African peach) on liver function markers in wistar albino rats
Authors: V.H.A. Enemor , A.N.C. Okaka
Published: December 2020

Amongst numerous plants and plant products that find use in alternative healthcare as herbal medicines,
Sarcocephalus latifolius has been attracting much attention as a plant whose different parts are invaluable for
treatment and management of several disease conditions. This study was intended to evaluate the possible effects
of a high single dose of Sarcocephalus latifolius root extract on liver enzymes, bilirubin, cholesterol, and
triglyceride of rat serum. A total of thirty-six adult rats were used for the studies. The animals were divided into
three sets of twelve rats each. Each set was subdivided into three groups (A, B, C) with each group consisting of
four animals. The first set was used to study serum activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase,
aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase; the second set was used to evaluate the levels of
serum bilirubin while the third set was used to assay serum concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride. For
each set, the animals in group A orally received 2000mg/kg body weight single dose of the extract, and those in
group B received 1500mg/kg single dose administered orally. Group C animals, fed normal diet and water were
used as the control in all cases. All analyses were spectrophotometric. There were nonsignificant reductions (p
> 0.05), in the activities of ALP, ALT and AST for both dose schedules, whereas statistically nonsignificant
increases in activity were recorded for GGT for the two dose schedules. The total bilirubin was found to decrease
nonsignificantly (p > 0.05), while conjugated bilirubin was found to decrease significantly (p < 0.05) for both
doses when compared with the control. Both cholesterol and triglyceride were nonsignificantly decreased for
both dose schedules. Thus, Sarcocephalus latifolius root extract has the potential to conserve the integrity of the
liver (non-hepatotoxic), and possesses cholesterol-lowering potentials.
PHACES Syndrome with Intestinal Hemangioma Causing Recurrent Intussusceptions: A Case Report and Literature Review of Associated Intestinal Hemangioma
Authors: Al-Musalhi Buthaina , Al-Balushi Zainab
Published: December 2020

PHACES syndrome comprises posterior fossa malformations, segmental hemangioma, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye anomalies and less commonly, sternal cleft, or supraumbilical raphe. We report a case of PHACES syndrome associated with intestinal hemangioma causing recurrent intussusceptions. A full-term infant female presented at the age of three months with segmental distribution of telangiectatic patch with red swelling involving the right periorbital area, right forehead, and lips. After a full workup and evaluation, the diagnosis of PHACES syndrome was confirmed based on the presence of facial segmental hemangioma, hypoplastic right internal carotid artery, intracranial hemangioma, and right optic disc anomaly. At the time of workup, she developed typical symptoms of intussusception. Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, and she was found to have hemangioma covering the whole ileal wall and a thickened circumferential hemangioma covering the mid ilium causing the lead point of the intussusception. Control of this patient’s hemangiomas was achieved by surgical resection of the thickened circumferential hemangioma covering the mid ilium along with oral propranolol. We reviewed the literature to explore the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) hemangioma and PHACES syndrome and compared other associated extracutaneous hemangioma of the same series. We found 18 (58%) reported cases of GI hemangioma compared to other visceral hemangiomas on the same series of confirmed PHACE syndrome. All of the reported cases in this series present with anemia and GI bleeding except our patient who had intussusception. This might indicate the significant association of GI hemangioma as extracutaneous hemangioma in PHACES syndrome, emphasizing the importance of investigating symptomatic patients.
Dirty Money
Authors: Cevik Serhan
Published: December 2020

The coronavirus pandemic is a global crisis like no other in modern times, and there is a growing apprehension about handling potentially contaminated cash. This paper is the first empirical attempt in the literature to investigate whether the risk of infectious diseases affects demand for physical cash. Since the intensity of cash use may influence the spread of infectious diseases, this paper utilizes two-stage least squares (2SLS) methodology with instrumental variable (IV) to address omitted variable bias and account for potential endogeneity. The analysis indicates that the spread of infectious diseases lowers demand for physical cash, after controlling for macroeconomic, financial, and technological factors. While the transactional constraints imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic could become a catalyst for the use of digital technologies around the world, electronic payment methods may not be universally available in every country owing to financial and technological bottlenecks.
Fintech in Europe
Authors: Baba Chikako , Batog Cristina , Flores Enrique , Gracia Borja , Karpowicz Izabela , Kopyrski Piotr , Roaf James , Shabunina Anna , Elkan Rachel , Xu Xin Cindy
Published: December 2020

Europe’s high pre-existing level of financial development can partly account for the relatively smaller reach of fintech payment and lending activities compared to some other regions. But fintech activity is growing rapidly. Digital payment schemes are expanding within countries, although cross-border and pan-euro area instruments are not yet widespread, notwithstanding important enabling EU level regulation and the establishment of instant payments by the ECB. Automated lending models are developing but remain limited mainly to unsecured consumer lending. While start-ups are pursuing platform-based approaches under minimal regulation, there is a clear trend for fintech companies to acquire balance sheets and, relatedly, banking licenses as they expand. Meanwhile, competition is pushing many traditional banks to adopt fintech instruments, either in-house or by acquisition, thereby causing them to increasingly resemble balanced sheet-based fintech companies. These developments could improve the efficiency and reach of financial intermediation while also adding to profitability pressures for some banks. Although the COVID-19 pandemic could call into question the viability of platform-based lending fintechs funding models given that investors could face much higher delinquencies, it may also offer growth opportunities to those fintechs that are positioned to take advantage of the ongoing structural shift in demand toward virtual finance.
Greece
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: December 2020

The pandemic interrupted a modest recovery. Following Greece’s early and strict
containment measures, GDP contracted by 7.9 percent in 2020H1, slightly worse than the
Euro Area (EA) unweighted average excluding Luxembourg. A further hit is expected in Q3,
the peak of Greece’s tourism season. The fiscal response to the pandemic has been wellorganized
and has mitigated its impact, while Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)
accommodation will delay the expected hit on banks, which were already vulnerable pre-
COVID-19. In the context of the 2019 Article IV Consultation (November 2019), staff
assessed that Greece’s public debt is sustainable over the medium-term but its long-term
public debt sustainability is not assured under a realistic set of macro-fiscal assumptions.
Somalia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: December 2020

Soon after reaching the HIPC Decision Point and embarking on a new IMFsupported
program aimed at supporting the implementation of the authorities’ National
Development Plan and lifting growth, Somalia was hit by a triple shock of flooding, desert
locusts, and, importantly, the coronavirus pandemic. Prompt action by the authorities and
support from the international community has helped mitigate the impact on peoples’
lives and livelihoods, however, these shocks have had a significant impact on economic
activity, exports, and domestic fiscal revenues.
The Fund’s Income Position For FY 2020 -- Actual Outcome
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: December 2020

This paper reports on the Fund’s income position for FY 2020 following the closing of the Fund’s accounts for the financial year and completion of the external audit. Net operational income was about SDR 1.4 billion, slightly higher than estimated in the April supplement, mainly reflecting higher investment income. However, the unrealized pension-related adjustment in FY 2020, stemming mainly from the actuarial remeasurement of staff retirement plan assets and liabilities, was larger than previously estimated and more than offset the Fund’s net operational income, contributing to an overall net loss of about SDR 1.4 billion for the year.
Infectious Dynamics in Urban 3D-Environment: Challenges and Possibilities
Authors: Eremchenko Eugene , Tikunov Vladimir , Vylegzhanin Sergey , Fetishev Alexander
Published: December 2020

The article is a brief overview of the results of the current stage of study of the dynamics of infectious processes in the modern urban environment in Protvino (Russia) with the help of 3D-model of the town, made in the paradigm of the Digital Earth. Data for the period 2011-2016 (38791 events) were used. Spatial and temporal resolution “building-day” was achieved. It is demonstrated that infectious diseases rates even in neighboring buildings can vary significantly from one to another. The presence of buildings with both significantly higher and significantly lower rates of infectious diseases is shown. Such significant discrepancies between rates are difficult to explain by local ecological factors like air and water pollutions because of the generalized nature of their impact on such a small area. The example of the global dynamics of COVID-19 demonstrates the need to study both specific and non-specific factors for the local epidemic process. Prospectives of the future researches are discussed briefly.
Hallazgos de videofluoroscopía en niños de 3 a 6 años con parálisis cerebral
Authors: Araya C Fanny , Bacco R José Luis , Peña J Natalia , García R Jenniffer
Published: December 2020

Introducción: Los trastornos de la alimentación y deglución (TAD) acompañan frecuentemente a la parálisis cerebral (PC). Su diagnóstico opor-tuno previene numerosas complicaciones. La evaluación clínica es el primer acercamiento a los TAD, pero resulta insuficiente para identificar situaciones de riesgo (penetración laríngea o aspiración). Para ello, es necesaria una evaluación instrumental como la videofluoroscopía (VFC). Objetivo: Describir y cuantificar los hallazgos de VFC en un grupo de niños con PC, entre 3 años y 6 años 11 meses, GMFCS I-V. Pacientes y Métodos: Se practicó una VFC a 50 pacientes con PC, previa determinación del nivel Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) e inexistencia de contraindicaciones para dicho examen. Además, se determinaron signos de incompetencia e inseguri-dad deglutoria, consistencias toleradas y requerimientos de posicionamiento, para facilitar el procedimiento. Resultados: Población predominantemente masculina, edad promedio de 5 años, 78% GMFCS III-V. Hasta el 94% tuvo una o más alteraciones videofluoroscópicas en alguna etapa del examen. El 28% no presentó capacidad de masticación, siendo todos GMFCS V. En efi-cacia deglutoria la alteración más frecuente fue el residuo vallecular (86%). En seguridad deglutoria fue el derrame posterior en la fase oral (68%). El 26% tuvo aspiración traqueal silente. En la fase esofágica, el 30% presentó tránsito esofágico lento y el 8% reflujo gastroesofágico. Conclusión: La VFC identificó alteraciones potencialmente riesgosas en todos los niveles GMFCS en niños portadores de PC, algunas de ellas silentes, incluso en casos de com-promiso motor leve.
Editorial
Authors: Sarkhel Sujit
Published: December 2020

Over the last two decades, Bengal Journal of Psychiatry has been regularly publishing peer-reviewed articles in psychiatry and allied disciplines. Carrying the legacy further, we have undertaken several important steps over the last one-year to increase the presence of the journal in the Indian psychiatry literature scenario. The long awaited first step in this direction was to acquire an ISSN number, which has been accomplished a couple of months back. Development of a website for the journal along with archiving of past issues is also under progress. In the coming years, we hope to extend the indexing process of the journal that will increase the impact even further. I seek active encouragement and co-operation of all the members of West Bengal branch of the Indian Psychiatric Society in making this effort a success.
A study into the psycho-socio-demographic profile and suicidal intent in the persons making suicide attempt : Search for a distinctive group
Authors: Bhattacharjee Subir , Bhattacharyya Amit , Singh Om Prakash
Published: December 2020

Introduction : Epidemiological studies simultaneously investigating the combined effects of psychiatric and psychosocial risk factors for suicide are sparse. Presently no distinctive grouping has been done combining the suicide intent and lethality of attempt though there are significant variations in psycho-socio-demographic character within the persons making suicide attempt.Aims : To study the psycho-socio-demographic profile, suicide intent and lethality of attempt in survivors of suicide attempt and finally to categorize them in distinct groups by two dimensions – suicide intent and lethality of suicide attempt.Design : Cross-sectional study.Methods and Material : Two hundred patients who attempted suicide were evaluated by a psychiatrist. The data was recorded for socio demographic variables , psychiatric disorder, suicide intent and for lethality of attempt. Groupings were done first by single dimension, suicide intent, then by two dimensions, suicide intent and lethality of attempt. Two procedures were then compared statistically.Results : The mean age of the study population was 26.36 years, mostly female (50.5%), housewives (35.5%) and students (10%), from nuclear family (55.5%), with no psychiatric disorder (29%). Organophophorus poisoning (79.5%) was the principal mode of suicide attempt, out of problem with primary support group (89.5%). Grouping was more significant when based on combining two dimensions, suicide intent and lethality of attempt, rather than only single dimension, suicide intent.Conclusions : Both suicide intent and lethality of suicide attempt are important dimensions to categorize suicide attempters. There exists four groups and they are different in psycho-socio- demographic profile.Declaration of interest – None.Key-words : Suicide, Suicide intent, Lethality, Deliberate self harm
Neuropsychological assessment : An overview
Authors: Bhattacharya Bidita
Published: December 2020

Man’s interest in the relationship between the brain and behaviour extends back at least 2500 years. The study of brain behaviour relationship evolved with the development of a science of human behaviour based on the function of human brain, known as neuropsychology. Clinical neuropsychology in the 20th century showed a steady accumulation of clinical reports and research investigations that have gradually refined the theoretical positions. However, assessment relies heavily on the use of specific tests to investigate brain-behaviour relationships. There has been several specific standerdized tests as well as test batteries developed across the globe. Current article has focused on different neuropsychological test batteries to evaluate individuals suspected of having brain dysfunction or damage.
Paroxetine induced bruxism, treated with Buspirone : An unexplored entity
Authors: Chatterjee Seshadri Sekhar , Maji Arnab , Mallik Nitu
Published: December 2020

SSRI are the widely prescribed first line drugs for depression and as depression very commonly presents with insomnia SSRI are good at improving the sleep problems also. But though rare the occurrence of sleep related side effects like bruxism,it may cause significant distress and cause of nonadherence which easily may be overlooked. In this case we report a case of Paroxetine induced bruxism and subsequently treated with withdrawing the drug and buspirone. Though the aetiology of such bruxism remained unclear, the imbalances in dopaminergic and serotonergic activities in the central nervous system is mostly implicated.Key Words : Bruxism, Escitalopram, Parafunctional activity, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Mad Tales of Tollywood : Psychiatry in Bengali Cinema
Authors: Bhattacharyya Ranjan , Panda Sumita Bhattacharyya , Mondal Supriya K
Published: December 2020

There are reviews about portrayal of Psychiatry in Hollywood and Bollywood movies. Impact of cine media is extremely important in regional movies where actors and actresses are being worshipped as god. Initial stigmatization about madness is gradually changing to some strong social messages. Tollywood or Bengali movies have incorporated the mental illness way back from the era of Satyajit Ray and Riitwik Ghatak. The newer Bengali movies have extreme importance in spreading awareness and reducing stigma of mental illness.Keywords : Tollywood movies, Mental Illness, Stigmatizarion, Social messages.
Early mortality and mental illness: ‘Fatal’ Discrimination
Authors: Das Anindya , Rao Mohan , Daniel Mercian
Published: December 2020

Worldwide research has provided evidence of premature death in people with mental illness (as compared to the general population). Moreover, in recent decades, the mortality gap between the preceding two groups has not shown any decline even in countries with the most accessible/responsive health systems. This essay considers mortality to be influenced by a multiplicity of factors, many of which, in addition, influence the rate of occurrence and recovery from mental illnesses. The essay examines these factors and analyses them through the lens of structural discrimination (defined as institutional and social structures that perpetuate norms, practices and behavior that deny opportunities/rights to others, often members of a minority). The implications for India in this regard are also reflected upon.
The Psychology of Terrorism: Understanding and Implication for Policies
Authors: Bhattacharyya Bhargavi Chatterjea
Published: December 2020

Compared with general public, terrorists do not exhibit unusually high rates of clinical psychopathology, irrationality, or personality disorders. The backgrounds of the terrorists are very diverse and there is no one set profile. In fact, barring lone wolf terrorism, there does not seem to be much link with personality or psychopathology.
Socio-Demographic, Clinical Correlates and Predictors of Adverse Outcome in Substance Use Disorder (Sud) Patients Attending the De-Addiction Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sikha , Biswas Parthasarathy
Published: December 2020

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a serious public health problem in India. The present study was planned to study the socio-demographic, clinical correlates and predictors of adverse outcomes in all new patients attending the De-addiction clinic in a tertiary hospital in Eastern India. All new patients visiting the De-addiction clinic were assessed and interviewed. Four groups were made viz Alcohol, Opioid, Cannabinoid and Other SUDs. A total of 200 patients were included in the study, of whom majority were males. A positive family history of substance use was evident in 44.1% of the patients in the Cannabinoid group. The mean duration of use was 180.87 ± 95.64 for the alcohol group, 78.70 ± 66.41 for the opioid group, 94.0 ± 85.70 for the Cannabinoid group, 104.2 ± 79.37 for other SUDs. The most common substance used was alcohol (n=117). Our findings suggest that the initiation of substance use occurs during late teen age years and early 20s in case of Opioid and Cannabinoid group and in case of Alcohol group in their early 30s. In our study, poor social support correlated with family complications, marital complications and social complications. Motivation clearly and significantly correlated with financial, family, marital and social complications suggesting that motivation to leave alcohol/drugs is influenced by these factors. The motivation level influenced follow-up rates with poor to superficial motivation predicting poorer follow up rates. On the other hand good and fair motivation correlated with increased adherence to attending Group therapy. Motivation to leave drugs/alcohol correlated with drop-out & relapse rates with poorer outcomes in form of relapses and drop out related to poor motivation to leave drugs. Financial security in form of employment is critical for adherence to treatment and follow-up rates which in turn influences recovery and rehabilitation. Motivation is cornerstone to relapses and management of motivation enhancement and adherence to treatment can reduce relapses.
Private Sector and Public Mental Health in India
Authors: Konar Devashish
Published: December 2020

India is a large country with huge population. Financial status of majority is not good enough to support quality treatment. Without good planningit may not be possible to reach health care to total population.
Rethinking a dilemma in psychiatric practice
Authors: Chatterjee Debashis
Published: December 2020

Psychiatry differs from all other medical disciplines in one aspect. Every psychiatric practitioner has to face a particular ethical dilemma in her/his daily professional work. The ethical issue arises in the context of treatment and care of a person afflicted with some mental illness and it arises because the patient’s view of and choice regarding his/her own condition and the view and opinion of the professional differ and are contrasting. The conflict arises from difference of opinion between the service user and experiencer of suffering on one hand and the clinician as knowledge-powerholder.
Editorial
Authors: Sarkhel Sujit
Published: December 2020

In this special issue, we have tried to highlight the contributions of the ‘Luminaries of Bengal Psychiatry’ whose efforts over the years has brought Indian Psychiatry to what it is today. The current generation has a tendency to look for all achievers and achievements beyond their own place. With passing time, the contributions of these individuals are likely to be forgotten. Hence, it is our responsibility to highlight the achievements of these great souls whose legacy is being carried on today in various aspects - teaching, academic writing, clinical work or community services. I am really indebted to the contributors who have toiled very hard in such a short period of time to make this special issue see the light of the day!
Application of the Ride Protocol in a Case of Childhood OCD: A Case Study
Authors: Saha Srishti
Published: December 2020

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Non-Suicidal Self Injury: Indian Perspective
Authors: Thakurta Rajarshi Guha
Published: December 2020

Self-injurious behavior or deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents and young adults is an area of growing concern. Reports from clinics and emergency rooms are pointing to the increase in incidence. However, there are very few studies from India. Many of the people presenting with acts of self-harm do not have suicidal intent, and this has prompted the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)[1] to propose a category of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) as a “Condition for Further Study” to encourage further research in this area. DSM-5 Proposed Criteria for NSSI requires an individual to engage in intentional self-inflicted damage to the surface of his/her body, on 5 or more days in the last 1 year, with the expectation that the injury will lead to only mild or moderate physical harm. NSSI is defined as ‘intentional destruction of one’s body tissue without suicidal intent’.
O modelo antropológico-médico de Barahona Fernandes e a psicopatologia
Authors: Jara José Manuel
Published: December 2020

A obra de Barahona Fernandes mantém valor actual, respondendo às necessidades de uma psiquiatria clínica mais aprofundada, apetrechada para um conhecimento mais completo da pessoa doente e da doença psiquiatrica. Observar, ouvir e compreender a pessoa em sofrimento, apurar a psicopatologia e diagnosticar a doença na sua complexidade, requer um método e um conhecimento teórico e prático de domínios diferentes mas integrados.
Para Barahona Fernandes há que proceder a uma cuidadosa análise do estado mental da pessoa enferma a par do conhecimento da história de vida e da personalidade na sua evolução. As tentações reducionistas, resultantes de visões unilaterais, que tomam a parte pelo todo, sejam psicológicas, psicanalíticas, sociológicas ou biológicas (neurocientíficas), levam a um conhecimento parcial e parcelar do ser humano perturbado e da sua doença
Adesão à terapêutica nos doentes com esquizofrenia: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Descalço Nelson , Afonso Pedro
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Introdução: Avaliar a adesão ao tratamento com agentes antipsicóticos em doentes com esquizofrenia é um desafio para qualquer médico psiquiatra, dada a subjetividade inerente ao tema. Apesar disso, a falta de adesão à terapêutica é prejudicial para o curso clínico da doença, resultando num risco aumentado de agudizações da doença e de internamentos hospitalares. O objetivo do presente estudo é rever a literatura corrente relativa aos fatores que influenciam a adesão ao tratamento antipsicótico em doentes com esquizofrenia.
Métodos: Foi revista a literatura escrita em inglês entre 2006 e 2016 integralmente disponível no PubMed/MEDLINE que avaliasse potenciais fatores de risco para a adesão ao tratamento em doentes adultos (com mais de 18 anos) com esquizofrenia,
através das palavras-chave: adherence, nonadherence, compliance, noncompliance, schizophrenia, psychosis, antipsychotic, neuroleptic.
Resultados: Foram incluídos 39 estudos na revisão final. A média dos níveis de adesão ao tratamento foi de 32%. Foram identificados os seguintes fatores de risco para a falta de adesão ao tratamento: idade jovem, abuso de substâncias, psicopatologia
psicótica presente, ausência de insight sobre a doença e a necessidade de tratamento, atitudes negativas perante o tratamento, relação médico-doente de má qualidade ou falta de apoio social e familiar.
Conclusões: As intervenções direcionadas para melhorar a adesão à terapêutica devem ser individualizadas para cada doente, baseadas numa história clínica completa, para que todos os aspetos individuais que contribuam para esta variável possam ser convenientemente avaliados.
Responsible Gambling and Mental Health: Topics for an Integrated Strategy in Prevention and Harm Reduction of Behavioral Addictions
Authors: Torrado Marco Vicente , Dinis Sérgio , Nicolau Leonor Bacelar , Eusébio Susana , Ouakinin Silvia
Published: December 2020

Problem gambling has become a major public health concern, with psychosocial and mental health consequences. Some efforts have been done in the last years by regulatory and health related bodies worldwide for assuring that betting can be safer and less harmful. A vast consensus concerning the need to promote Responsible Gambling strategies have been put forward, even though the implementation of policies in this domain is very broad, poorly systematized and often does not translate, in an evident manner, to consolidated and valid practices for promoting safe gambling and the prevention of morbidity. This paper aims to review theoretical and research‑based arguments supporting the need of investment in responsible gambling field, and to propose some recommendations for sponsoring strategic policies in which harm‑minimization and prevention tools are prioritized. A literature review was carried out through an intensive search of online electronic databases and collaborative contacts with researchers in the field of non‑substance addictive behaviors. Papers and documents from scientific and governmental boards, related to prevention and harm minimization or reduction of gambling problems and published between 1998 and 2018 were selected. Different tools in the field of responsible gambling are pointed as good and evidence‑based practices that need to be continuously implemented and replicated. Some others can be promising but need further research. The findings of this study may help many entities and stakeholders involved in this behavioral addiction field (researchers, governmental and health agencies, regulators and gambling industry) for strengthening responsible gambling national policies and strategies.
Impacto da Cirurgia Bariátrica na Imagem Corporal e Saúde Mental
Authors: Simões Gisela , Brandão Isabel
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A imagem corporal (IC), na sequência do recurso a cirurgia bariátrica (CB) e da experiência rápida e massiva de perda de peso inerente, poderá sofrer alterações como satisfação, insatisfação ou distorção. Esta monografia pretende explorar a concepção da IC do doente obeso e a sua experiência perante o próprio corpo após recurso a CB, bem como o reflexo desta intervenção ao nível da saúde mental. Aditivamente, este estudo esclarece ainda a potencial dissociação entre o tempo de adaptação físico-metabólica e de adaptação psicológica, o recurso a técnicas de correção estética após CB, bem como as motivações na base da opção por estratégias cirúrgicas.

Metodologia: A aquisição da informação bibliográfica foi conduzida através de uma pesquisa realizada nas plataformas PubMed e SCOPUS, partindo da seguinte combinação de termos: body image e bariatric surgery. Estudos obtidos nos últimos 5 anos foram analisados, correspondendo a investigações conduzidas ou tendo por base a população obesa.

Resultados: A maioria dos estudos corrobora o efeito benéfico da CB ao nível da concepção da IC, contudo, a existência de resultados insatisfatórios, melhorias limitadas no tempo ou de repercussões negativas no domínio da saúde mental têm também vindo a ser reportadas. A transformação psicológica implícita pode, inclusive, tomar um ritmo de desenvolvimento discrepante da rápida e simultânea transformação físico-metabólica. A evidência do benefício de recurso a cirurgia estética corretora, como lifting corporal (LC), tem-se apresentado cada vez mais consistente, associado a melhorias psicossociais generalizadas. No entanto, as motivações que servem de base ao recurso a CB e LC subsequente permanecem pouco esclarecidas

Conclusões: As mudanças causadas pela CB poderão expor o doente a tensões nunca antes por si experienciadas ou projectadas antes da cirurgia; assim, o seguimento a longo prazo do doente pós-bariátrico por psicologia e/ou psiquiatria assume-se uma etapa de avaliação imprescindível.
Ekbom Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Pereira Ana Teresa , Moura Bárbara , Neves Maria João , Horta Pedro , Araújo Manuel
Published: December 2020

Delusional parasitosis, also known as delusional infestation or Ekbom syndrome, is a somatic type of delusional disorder, usually mono‑symptomatic, in which patients are convinced they are being infested with animal parasites while no objective evidence to support their belief exists. Complaints are usually about skin infestation, but involvement of the gastrointestinal tract has also been described. We describe a case of a 59‑year‑old woman with delusional parasitosis claiming to be infected with Strongyloides stercoralis.
Advance Care Planning for People with Schizophrenia and an End‑of‑Life Situation: A Qualitative Systematic Review
Authors: Góis José
Published: December 2020

Introdução: As pessoas com esquizofrenia têm um risco acrescido de mortalidade ao mesmo tempo que recebem menos cuidados paliativos, dos quais o planeamento antecipado de cuidados éum componente essencial. O objetivo desta revisão éreunir as provas disponíveis relativamente ao planeamento antecipado de cuidados em contexto paliativo em pessoas com esquizofrenia, os seus obstáculos e as boas práticas a serem seguidas. 

Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura qualitativa ao longo dos últimos 20 anos relativamente à utilização de planeamento antecipado de cuidados em cuidados paliativos ou de fim de vida em pessoas com esquizofrenia. 

Resultados: Sete artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Por análise temática foram identificados cinco temas, nomeadamente, a capacidade de decisão em doenças mentais graves, as particularidades do planeamento antecipado de cuidados na pessoa com esquizofrenia, as características da esquizofrenia que afetam o planeamento antecipado dos cuidados, comunicação e formação, e a multidisciplinaridade e continuidade de cuidados. 

Conclusão: É urgentemente necessária mais investigação nesta área. Os pacientes enfrentam obstáculos relacionados com a sua doença mental, desconforto e dúvida por parte dos profissionais de saúde e falta de figuras de apoio. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar e colaborativa, a formação e o reconhecimento da capacidade inerente dos pacientes para fazerem escolhas e terem discussões eficazes sobre o seu estado de saúde, facilita o processo de planeamento antecipado de cuidados.
PENTINGNYA PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DALAM PENGOLAHAN DATA SISWA DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Ingriyani Siska
Published: December 2020

Currently, technology is developing very rapidly, especially in the field of education. The presence of a management information system really helps the school in managing data for students, facilities and infrastructure, educators and education personnel. The aim of the authors who write this journal is to know whatever is important Management Information Systems in education and standby basicconcepts of Management Information Systems itself. In this journal the author uses the literary method, which is to collect various related sources such as books, journals, articles and other sources. In this journal we can find out that the application of Management Information Systems is very important in schools because it can make it easier for those who manage data and the results of this Management Information System can be used as a reference for school principals in making decisions.
School Management Training as an Effort to Create a Quality Culture in the Revolutionary Era 4.0
Authors: Syahril Syahril , Adi Nelfia , Sabandi Ahmad , Sulastri Sulastri
Published: December 2020

The background of this community service activity is that the implementation of school management is not optimal so that schools cannot realize a school with a quality culture. The purpose of this service is to increase the principal's understanding of quality management in order to create a quality school. The solution given is to provide training to school principals on quality management to realize schools in theoretical and practical forms. Theoretically, the resource persons provide material about school management, school development plans, and school quality culture. Meanwhile, in practice, train principals in implementing school management, provide training in designing school development plans, and train tracks to create a quality cultured school. The school principals were very motivated and enthusiastic in participating in the training activities coupled with reliable resource persons. They really hope this activity can be carried out in a sustainable manner in the form of cooperation. So that there is an increase in the ability of school principals in various aspects.
Guidance for Preparation of Implementation Plans Interactive Learning and Teaching Materials Based on the Freedom of Learning Policy for Pedagogical Competency Improvement Primary School Teachers
Authors: Ermita Ermita , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Ayu Ningrum Tia
Published: December 2020

Rapid technological developments and the existence of a new policy regarding independent learningare new challenges for schools. With this new policy, educators must have competence inimplementing learning in accordance with the policy of independent learning. However, the results ofthe teacher competency test for the Agam Regency are still low (59.96). In addition, there are still manyeducators who do not understand how to prepare, implement and evaluate independent learningpolicy-based learning. The solution to these problems is the need for assistance and guidance from theprincipal. This is because one of the principal duties of the school is to supervise educators andeducation personnel. The first step to solving this problem is to build the supervisory competence ofthe principal. This is because supervision is one of the principal's mandatory duties, therefore it is theresponsibility of the principal so that teachers can plan, implement, and evaluate learning inaccordance with the independent learning policy. The method of implementing these activities is bytransferring knowledge and guidance to the principal. Transfer of knowledge about understandingimplementation, evaluation, and follow-up in supervision and standardization of functions and dutiesfor educators and education personnel. Then the guidance is carried out to make a supervisionprogram. After that, an evaluation is carried out to increase the understanding of the head of thesupervisory competence and the learning median policies
ARCH GARCH METHOD OF FORECASTING CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI) IN SEMARANG
Authors: Kustiara Sri , Nur Indah Manfaati , Utami Tiani Wahyu
Published: December 2020

Indeks Harga Konsumen (IHK) merupakan salah satu indikator ekonomi penting yang dapat memberikan informasi mengenai perkembangan harga barang/jasa yang dibayar oleh konsumen di suatu wilayah. Penghitungan IHK ditujukan untuk mengetahui perubahan harga dari sekelompok tetap barang atau jasa yang umumnya dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat setempat. Dalam metode yang digunakan dalam pemodelan data runtun waktu memiliki syarat khusus yaitu yang  teridentifikasi efek heteroskedastisitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui model terbaik peramalan periode berikutnya serta hasil prediksi periode mendatang. Variabel yang digunakan adalah data Indeks Harga Konsumen dalam bulan. Sehingga untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada data penelitian ini digunakan metode Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH GARCH). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan metode ARCH GARCH model terbaik yang digunakan adalah ARIMA (1,1,1)~GARCH (1,0). Dengan prediksi dari volatilitas dengan nilai standar deviasi 0.98283514 diperoleh prediksi volatilitas terendah sebesar 0.9632546 dan prediksi volatilitas tertinggi sebesar 0.9980155.