bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem on Entrepreneurial Perceptions and Entrepreneurial Success
Authors: Faizah Niswatul , Effendi Mohammad Irhas , Ghofar Abdul
Published: November 2024

Research aims: This research aims to determine the impact of entrepreneurial ecosystems on entrepreneurial perceptions and entrepreneurial success.Design/Methodology/Approach: The sample in this research was 118 bamboo handicraft MSMEs (Micro, Small Medium Enterprise) in Sleman Regency Yogyakarta, selected using the cluster random sampling method with data data analysis using SEM-PLS.Research findings: The results of this study showed that entrepreneurial ecosystem variables such as market access, human resources, government regulations, and infrastructure had a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial success and entrepreneurial perceptions. However, education and training, as well as culture, do not Significantly influence.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: MSME performance is an important way to measure the success of MSMEs. A strong entrepreneurial ecosystem and positive perceptions of entrepreneurs are expected to improve MSME performance.Practitioners/Policy Implications: This research is expected to be a reference and consideration for SMEs and the government to strengthen entrepreneurial ecosystem factorso that it will have an impact on entrepreneurial perceptions and improve SME performance.Research Limitations/Implications: There are several limitations to this study that need to be considered for future research. First, the focus is only on certain industries, so caution is needed in generalizing the results to these industries. Second there were challenges in data collection due to unclear addresses and the closure of some MSMEs.
Mutacje i ich konsekwencje w rozwoju raka trzustki
Authors: Panek Przemysław , Rachuna Jarosław , Madej Łukasz , Tomasiuk Ryszard , Jezela-Stanek Aleksandra
Published: November 2024

Pancreatic cancer is a common cancer with a very poor prognosis and aggressive course. The main reason for the highly unfavorable prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is its long-term asymptomatic development, which results in the diagnosis being made at a stage when the cancer process is significantly advanced. Despite extensive research in the field of effective diagnosis and treatment of this cancer, patient survival rates are increasing slowly and insignificantly. Pancreatic cancer cells contain many mutations, the most frequently found of which concern the KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4, BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Each of these mutations is associated with specific consequences at the molecular level and translates into further cell functioning, including uncontrolled cell division. The occurrence of specific mutations influences the planning of therapeutic procedures and patient prognosis. Many mutations are associated with a hereditary predisposition to cancer, including pancreatic cancer.
Importance of Evaluating the Quality of Clinical Education and Its Challenges
Authors: Lari Leyla Ahmadi , Zeidabadinejad Somayeh , Abolghaseminejad Parniya
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Clinical education plays a crucial role in shaping the capabilities and professional skills of learners, and it is an essential and sensitive part of medical education. Clinical education provides students with information and skills related to patient care, as well as improving decision-making skills, critical thinking, and increasing students' self-confidence. Clinical education provides an opportunity for transforming theoretical knowledge into practical skills in caregiving, meaning that enhanced education leads to improved quality of care. Therefore, attention to clinical education and its influencing factors is important. With the importance of continuous assessment of the current status of clinical education, it is proposed to review the content of courses and provide clear objectives, lesson plans, clinical education programs, and thorough justification for students. The use of new educational aids, appropriate planning for dividing students into sections, and equipping departments with more facilities can reduce the problems in clinical education. Furthermore, authorities ought to enhance educational quality by regularly evaluating the current landscape and employing feedback from learners and teachers to examine issues and pinpoint existing obstacles and difficulties.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE PROMOÇÃO DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO PELO ENFERMEIRO DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Mio Ferreira Letícia , Domingues Correia de Souza Caproni Vitória , Rezende Avelar Emily , Santos Silva Ranile , Prado Simão Miranda Talita , La-Salette da Costa Godinho Monica , Silva Simone Albino
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma análise bibliométrica da produção científica sobre as estratégias de promoção do aleitamento materno pelo enfermeiro da atenção primária à saúde. Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo bibliométrico, de análise quantitativa que utilizou a pesquisa em base de dados sobre o quanto se produziu sobre a temática. Resultados: Foram encontradas 1.380 publicações e inseridas na amostra final após avaliação. Identificou-se estudos originários do Brasil, em português, de método qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, publicados em periódicos sem classificação no ranqueamento brasileiro, manuais governamentais, dissertações e teses. Conclusão: No recorte temporal analisado, pode-se constatar uma tendência no aumento de publicações sobre a temática, a produção científica é majoritariamente brasileira e produzida por enfermeiros nas universidades públicas, porém não é extensa. Os resultados ajudam a ampliar o conhecimento existente na área e orientam futuras ações voltadas à promoção do aleitamento materno para melhoria da assistência e melhoria da saúde materno-infantil.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA PROFISSIONAL NA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM DOS SETORES DEDICADOS AO ATENDIMENTO DA COVID-19
Authors: Carvalho Vilhalva Ruthielly , Barcellos Teixeira Macedo Andreia , Milioni Kelly Cristina , Antoniolli Liliana , Urrea Vega Edwing Alberto , Furlan Inchauspe Juciane Aparecida , Martins Dornelles Thayane , Cocaro de Souza Sônia Beatriz
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Verificar escores de QVP da equipe de enfermagem dos setores dedicados ao atendimento de pacientes com COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal, desenvolvido em um hospital público do sul do país, de fev- jun de 2021. A população-alvo foi a equipe de enfermagem das unidades dedicadas ao atendimento de paciente com a COVID-19, Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e a escala de QVP (ProQOL–IV). A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 157 profissionais da enfermagem, com média de idade de 39,6 ±7,9 anos. Embora ocorra nível médio e elevado de SC (114;72,3%) na maioria da equipe, verificou-se escores médios e altos de BO(112;71,3%) e ETS médio e alto (113;72%) nesta amostra. Conclusão: No cenário pandêmico, foi fundamental para identificar como se encontrava a saúde psicoemocional de profissionais da saúde e subsidiar programas para melhorias à saúde do trabalhador.
Craneofaringioma con presentación hemorrágica y alteración visual en gestante: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ardila Botero Daniel Andrés , Céspedes Trujillo Laura
Published: November 2024

Objetivos: presentar el caso de una gestante con diagnóstico de craneofaringioma, y hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre el diagnóstico, tratamiento y los resultados materno-perinatales de este tipo de tumores.
Materiales y métodos: multigestante de 41 años, con embarazo de 23,6 semanas, que ingresa a clínica privada de alta complejidad por disminución importante de la agudeza visual bilateral y cefalea. Se hace diagnóstico de craneofaringioma y se decide manejo expectante. La paciente tuvo parto por cesárea sin complicaciones. En la revisión de la literatura se incluyeron reportes y series de casos de mujeres gestantes con diagnóstico de craneofaringioma. La búsqueda de títulos se hizo en PubMed, EBSCO y Scopus, y en las referencias de los estudios seleccionados. Se hace resumen narrativo de los hallazgos.
Resultados: se incluyeron diez reportes de caso. Todas las pacientes presentaron alteraciones visuales y en ocho casos diabetes insípida. La resonancia magnética (RM) se utilizó en nueve casos con adecuada identificación del tumor. Siete pacientes fueron intervenidas mediante craneotomía (cuatro durante la gestación, dos en puerperio y una posaborto) y tres vía transesfenoidal (dos en la gestación y una en puerperio). Tres casos presentaron recaída tumoral y en dos hubo escisión incompleta. Durante el posparto, 9 casos presentaron resolución de sintomatología visual. En cuatro casos se describe seguimiento de dos a seis años sin evidencia de nueva recaída.
Conclusiones: en gestantes con hemianopsia bitemporal se debe sospechar posible tumor supraselar. El examen de elección es la RM cerebral y de silla turca. Se requieren estudios que documenten de manera más detallada la condición en la gestación y su manejo obstétrico.
Prognostic value of systemic inflammatory markers in renal cell carcinoma with isolated lung metastases: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Majidova Nargiz , Güren Ali Kaan , Dinç Gülhan , Kırcalı Muhammed Fatih , Seyyar Mustafa , Işık Bayraktar Demet , Kocaaslan Erkam , Sever Nadiye , Ağyol Yeşim , Erel Pınar , Paçacı Burak , Tunç Mustafa Alperen , Çelebi Abdussamet , Işık Selver , Arıkan Rukiye , Bayoğlu Vedat , Köstek Osman , Sarı Murat
Published: November 2024

Aim: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with lung metastases is associated with poor prognosis, and there is a growing interest in systemic inflammatory markers as potential prognostic indicators. This study evaluates the prognostic significance of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to- Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) in patients with mRCC.
Material and Methods: In our retrospective and multicenter study, we analyzed 76 mRCC patients with isolated lung metastases. Clinical data, including demographic characteristics, treatment details, and inflammatory markers, were collected. Patients were stratified according to the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) risk classification. The association of clinical and laboratory parameters with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.
Results: The median age of the patients was 61 years (IQR: 29-84), with the majority being male (74%) and smokers (57%). High SII, NLR, and PLR were significantly associated with poor IMDC risk classification (p=0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified age >65 years (HR 3.09, 95% CI 1.3-6.9, p=0.006) and high PLR (HR 5.9, 95% CI 2.2-15.8, p=0.001) as independent predictors of worse OS. ALI was not significantly associated with survival outcomes.
Conclusion: Systemic inflammatory markers, particularly SII, NLR and PLR are strongly associated with poor prognosis in mRCC patients with lung metastases. These markers could be integrated into existing prognostic models to improve risk stratification and guide clinical decision-making. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms linking systemic inflammation to RCC progression.
Quantitative analysis of sugars extracted from French oak (Quercus petraea) chips: Effect of toasting temperature
Authors: Kainuma Genki , Mochizuki Ayano , Watanabe-Saito Fumie , Hisamoto Masashi , De Revel Gilles , Okuda Tohru
Published: November 2024

In this study, we conducted extraction experiments using model wine on French oak chips toasted at various temperatures to investigate the extracted sugars. A certain amount of sugars were extracted from the oak chips, and the quantity significantly varied depending on the toasting temperature. Analysis of the composition of the extracted sugars revealed the presence of substantial amounts of xylose and glucose, with the composition showing significant differences based on the toasting temperature. Furthermore, it was elucidated that the extracted sugars included monosaccharides and oligo or polysaccharides. This research represents the first comprehensive analysis correlating the toasting temperature with the extraction of a substantial amount of sugars from toasted chips.
Gold Recovery from Smelting Copper Sulfide Concentrate
Authors: Moosavi-Khoonsari Elmira , Tripathi Nagendra
Published: November 2024

Gold is a significant revenue source for custom copper smelters facing profitability challenges due to low treatment and refining charges, stricter regulations, and rising costs. Gold is also often blended with copper concentrates, but precise recovery rates from smelting processes are poorly documented despite gold critical economic importance. This paper aims to provide the first comprehensive estimates of gold first-pass recovery across various operational units within the copper sulfide concentrate processing flowsheet. It evaluates the effectiveness of different copper smelting and converting technologies in recovering gold. Optimizing gold first-pass recovery is especially important to enhance immediate financial returns and responsiveness to market dynamics, allowing companies to capitalize on favorable gold prices without delays. Given the absence of direct measurements for gold recovery rates, this research develops an estimation method based on understanding gold loss mechanisms during smelting. The study identifies and analyzes key input and output parameters by examining data from various copper producers. By correlating these parameters with gold loss, the research estimates gold first-pass recovery rates within the copper smelting process. Among integrated smelting-converting routes, the flash smelting to Peirce-Smith converting route achieves the highest gold first-pass recovery (98.8–99.5%), followed by the Mitsubishi continuous smelting and converting process (94.3–99.8%), bottom-blowing smelting to bottom-blowing converting (95.8%), flash smelting to flash converting (95.5%), Teniente smelting to Peirce-Smith converting (95.2%), and the Noranda continuous smelting and converting process (94.8%). The final recovery rates are expected to be higher considering the by-products internal recirculation and post-processing within the copper flowsheet. Additionally, superior gold recoveries are attributed to advanced metallurgical practices and control systems, which vary even among companies with similar technologies. The research demonstrates that copper smelting can effectively recover over 99% of gold from sulfide concentrates. Gold accumulates up to 1000 times its original concentration in anode slime during electrolytic refining, generating 5-10 kilograms of slime per ton of copper, which is further processed to recover gold and other by-products. Major smelters operate precious metal plants where recovering gold from highly concentrated anode slime is both cost-effective and efficient.
On the Game-Based Approach to Optimal Design
Authors: Kobelev Vladimir
Published: November 2024

A game problem of structural design is defined as a problem of playing against external circumstances. There are two classes of players, the “ordinal” and “cardinal” players. The ordinal players, designated as the "operator" and "nature," endeavor to respectively minimize or maximize the payoff function, operating within the constraints of limited resources. The fundamental premise of this study is that action of player “nature” is a priori unknown. Statistical decision theory addresses decision-making scenarios where these probabilities, whether or not they are known, must be considered. The solution to the substratum game is expressed as a value of the game “against nature”. The structural optimization extension of the game considers the value of game “against nature” as the function of the certain parameters. Thus, value of the game is contingent upon the design parameters. The cardinal players, "designers", make choice of the design parameters. There are two formulations of the optimization. For the se single cardinal player, the pursuit of the maximum and minimum values of the game reduces to the problem of optimal design. In the second formulation, there are multiple cardinal players with conflicting objectives. Accordingly, the superstratum game emerges, which addresses the interests of the superstratum players. Finally, the optimal design problems for games with closed forms are presented. The game formulations could be applied for optimal design with uncertain loading, considering “nature” as the source for uncertainty.
Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge Systems into AI Governance: Enhancing Ethical Frameworks with Maori and Navajo Perspectives
Authors: Ray Shawn
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes a paradigm shift in AI governance by integrating Indigenous knowledge systems to foster inclusivity and cultural sensitivity. Traditional AI governance frameworks are primarily Western-centric, often overlooking the community-oriented values and ethical considerations essential to Indigenous cultures. This study highlights principles such as Kaitiakitanga from Māori culture, which emphasizes guardianship and environmental stewardship, and Hózhó from Navajo philosophy, which stresses harmony and balance. By engaging Indigenous leaders and knowledge holders throughout the AI lifecycle, this approach ensures technology aligns with community values, addressing critical issues like data sovereignty, ethical technology use, and cultural sensitivity. This paper underscores the necessity of relational accountability in AI governance, which includes prioritizing the health of ecosystems alongside community welfare. This model advocates for an AI framework that not only rectifies historical marginalization but also empowers Indigenous communities to shape the technologies affecting their lives. Furthermore, integrating Indigenous perspectives strengthens the ethical foundation of AI systems, advancing sustainability, social justice, and cultural responsiveness in technology applications. The proposed framework illustrates how Indigenous ethical concepts can transform AI governance by aligning technological progress with values of ecological stewardship and community welfare, creating an AI landscape that respects and reflects diverse cultural contexts. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that Indigenous knowledge systems can significantly enhance AI’s effectiveness and equity, paving the way for more sustainable and culturally attuned technological solutions.
A Testable Hypothesis on the Nature of Dark Matter Based upon Hawking’s Cosmology, A Natural Explanation for Flat Rotation Curves as Well as an Improved Prediction Algorithm for Rotation Velocities
Authors: Uffelen G.M. van
Published: November 2024

Hawking’s cosmology logically leads to an observed multiverse. This article argues it a superposition of at least three 3-dimensional universes in a 4-dimensional space, which each have two overlapping dimensions with the observed universe. For there is nothing outside it that could disturb the superposition, it could last forever. This explains why dark matter yields a linear decrease of gravity with distance to visible mass at large radii in galaxies. To prove this, all contributions of visible matter in the disks and bulges, calculated by the SPARC team, have been recalculated to verify the brightness and gas density are correctly interpreted. Lelli and Mistele showed the common way to project dark matter halos around galaxies cannot be valid. Since application of General Relativity would need these halos too, it must be modified with additional terms. Bekenstein’s TeVeS does this. Using TeVeS, a decay of the contribution of dark matter to gravity with the expansion of space is confirmed. This explains the rapid development of large galaxies in the early universe that is reported by Labbé. A new prediction method for rotation velocities that works at all radii in galaxies is offered. It is 25% more accurate than MOND and TeVeS.
Diabetes Mellitus: A Risk Factor in Schlemm’s Canal-Based MIGS
Authors: Chihara Etsuo , Nakano Eri , Chihara Tomoyuki
Published: November 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the outcome of Schlemm’s canal based minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS). Methods: In a retrospective interventional cohort study, post- operative intraocular pressure (IOP) and intracameral bleeding were analyzed in 25 diabetic and 84 non-diabetic patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH). Results: The mean follow-up period for all 109 eyes was 35.3±24.8 months. There was no significant difference in pre-operative IOP between diabetic and non-diabetic cohorts. However, the post-surgical IOP between 3 months and 2 years was significantly higher in the diabetic cohort (P=0.019 to 0.001). The 3-year survival probability of achieving an IOP≦15 mmHg was 17.8±0.09% in diabetic patients, significantly lower than the 30.4±0.06% observed in non- diabetic patients (P=0.042 Log-rank test). The 3-year survival probability of achieving an IOP≦18 mmHg was 56.7±0.12% in diabetic patients compared to 79.5±0.05% in non-diabetic patients, indicating a marginally significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic cohorts (P=0.065). When the random effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) was analyzed alongside the fixed effects of preoperative IOP, age, refractive error and extent of canal opening using a multivariate linear mixed model, DM emerged as a significant risk factor for higher postoperative IOP at both 6 and 12 months (P<0.001). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for poor outcomes following Schlemm’s canal based MIGS, particularly in achieving lower postoperative IOP.
Effects of Photopatterning Conditions on Azimuthal Surface Anchoring Strength
Authors: Haputhanthrige Nilanthi P , Rajabi Mojtaba , Lavrentovich Oleg D
Published: November 2024

Spatially-varying alignment of liquid crystals is essential for research and applications. One widely used method is based on the photopatterning of thin layers of azo-dye molecules, such as Brilliant Yellow (BY), that serve as an aligning substrate for a liquid crystal. In this study, we examine how photopatterning conditions, such as BY layer thickness (b), light intensity (I), irradiation dose, and age affect the alignment quality and the strength of the azimuthal surface anchoring. The azimuthal surface anchoring coefficient, W, is determined by analyzing the splitting of integer disclinations into half-integer disclinations at prepatterned substrates. The strongest anchoring is achieved for b in the range of 5–8 nm. W increases with the dose, and within the same dose, W increases with I. Aging of a non-irradiated BY coating above 15 days reduces W. Sealed photopatterned cells filled with a conventional nematic preserve their alignment quality for up to four weeks, after which time W decreases. This work suggests the optimization pathways for photoalignment of nematic liquid crystals.
Prediction and Fitting of Nonlinear Dynamic Grip Force of the Human Upper Limb Based on Surface Electromyographic Signals
Authors: Cai Zixiang , Qu Mengyao , Han Mingyang , Wu Zhijing , Wu Tong , Liu Mengtong , Yu Hailong
Published: November 2024

This study aims to predict and fit the nonlinear dynamic grip force of the human upper limb using surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals. The research employs a time series-based neural network- NARX to establish a mapping relationship between the electromyographic signals of the forearm muscle groups and dynamic grip force. Three-channel electromyographic signal acquisition equipment and a grip force sensor were used to record muscle signals and grip force data of the subjects under specific dynamic force conditions. After preprocessing the data, including outlier removal, wavelet denoising, and baseline drift correction, the NARX model was used for fitting analysis. The model compares two different training strategies Regularized Stochastic Gradient Descent (BRSGD)and Conjugate Gradient (CG). The results show that the CG greatly shorten the training time and performance did not decline. NARX demonstrates good accuracy and stability in dynamic grip force prediction, with the model having 10 layers and 20 time delays performing the best. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has potential practical significance for force control applications in smart prosthetics and virtual reality.
Cuprous Halide Coordination Polymer for Efficient NIR-I Photothermal Effect and Photo-thermo-electric Conversion
Authors: Zhang Ning-Ning , Liu Xiang-Tong , Xu Ke , Liu Ya-Tong , Liu Lin-Xu , Yan Yong
Published: November 2024

Photo-thermo-electric conversion devices represent a promising technology for converting solar energy into electrical energy. Photothermal materials, as a critical component, play a significant role in efficient conversion from solar energy to thermal energy and subsequently to electrical energy, thereby directly influencing the overall system's solar energy utilization efficiency. However, the application of single-component photothermal materials in photo-thermo-electric conversion systems remains limited. The exploration of novel photothermal materials with broad-spectrum absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE), and robust output power density is highly desired. In this study, we investigated a black cuprous halide compound, [Cu2Cl2PA]n (1, PA = phenazine), which exhibits broad-spectrum absorption extending into the near-infrared (NIR) region. Compound 1 demonstrated a high NIR-I PCE of 50% under irradia-tion of an 808 nm laser, attributed to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) from Cu(I) to PA ligands and strong intermolecular π–π interactions among PA ligands. Furthermore, the pho-to-thermo-electric conversion device constructed using compound 1 achieved a notable output voltage of 261 mV and an output power density of 0.92 W/m² under the 1 Sun (1000 W/m²) xenon lamp.
Spectral and Photometric Studies of NGC 3516 in the Optical RangeSpectral and Photometric Studies of NGC 3516 in the Optical Range
Authors: Shomshekova Saule , Serebryanskiy Alexander , Kondratyeva Ludmila , Huseynov Nazim , Rahimli Samira , Kim Vitaliy , Aktay Laura , Aimuratov Yerlan
Published: November 2024

(1) Background: NGC 3516 is an active Seyfert galaxy, which has become a focal point of astronomical studies due to its variable luminosity and emission lines, linked to the activity of its central supermassive black hole (SMBH). This paper presents an analysis of long-term observations from 2014 to 2024, including photometric and spectroscopic data collected at the Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute (FAI, Kazakhstan) and the Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory (SHAO, Azerbaijan). The primary aim of this study was to investigate the changes in luminosity and spectral characteristics of NGC 3516, providing insights into the dynamics of the galaxy’s activity and its evolving chemical composition. (2) Methods: The research utilized photometric data in the B, V, R filters, along with spectroscopic observations in the wavelength range of λ4000 Å–λ7000 ÅThe spectroscopic data were normalized to analyze the profiles of emission lines and their variations over time. Broad emission line profiles (Hα and Hβ) were also analyzed to estimate radial velocities. A three-component model was applied, demonstrating a better statistical fit to the observed data, indicating a complex structure and dynamics within the galaxy’s Broad Line Region (BLR).; (3) Results: The main results of the study show that from 2018 to 2024, the brightness of NGC 3516 varied with amplitudes of ΔB=0.35 mag, ΔV=0.18 mag, ΔR=0.20 mag. An increase in brightness was observed in April 2020, likely associated with an X-ray flare detected simultaneously. Spectroscopic observations revealed a gradual weakening of the Hγλ4340 Å emission line starting from mid-2023. Narrow emission lines of [FeII] λ4814.53 Å and [FeVII] λ6087 Å were detected, indicating an active phase of the galaxy in May 2020. Photometric observations also revealed an increase in the object’s brightness in 2020. These observations suggest intriguing changes in the object’s activity, potentially indicating luminosity and chemical composition dynamics over the observed period. For the broad Hα line profile in the spectrum of NGC 3516, obtained with the AZT-8 on April 20, 2020, the radial velocity v=981−20+19 km/s. The radial velocity for the Hβ profile was 937−576+584 km/s; (4) Conclusions: Long-term observations of NGC 3516 have revealed significant changes in its luminosity and spectral characteristics, suggesting dynamic processes within the active nucleus of the galaxy. The observed variability in the broad emission line profiles could be linked to processes within the Broad Line Region (BLR) interacting with the SMBH and surrounding matter. These results may help in a more accurate estimation of the SMBH mass and provide deeper insights into the dynamics and evolution of active Seyfert galaxies.
Dealing with Multiple Optimization Objectives for UAV Path Planning in Hostile Environments: A Literature Review
Authors: Quadt Thomas , Lindelauf Roy , Voskuijl Mark , Monsuur Herman , Čule Boris
Published: November 2024

As Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming crucial in modern warfare, research on autonomous path planning is becoming increasingly important. The conflicting nature of the optimization objectives characterizes path planning as a multi-objective optimization problem. Current research has predominantly focused on developing new optimization algorithms. Although being able to find the mathematical optimum is important, one also needs to ensure this optimum aligns with the decision-maker's (DM's) most preferred solution (MPS). In particular, to align these, one needs to handle the DM's preferences on the relative importance of each optimization objective. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of all preference handling techniques employed in the military UAV path planning literature over the last two decades. It shows that most of the literature handles preferences by the overly simplistic method of scalarization via weighted sum. Additionally, the current literature neglects to evaluate the performance (e.g. cognitive validity and modeling accuracy) of the chosen preference handling technique. To aid future researchers handle preferences, we discuss each employed preference handling technique, their implications, advantages, and disadvantages in detail. Finally, we identify several directions for future research, mainly related to aligning the mathematical optimum to the MPS.
The Rad6-like Ubiquitin Conjugase Gene OsUBC7 has a Positive Role in the Early Cold Stress Tolerance Response of Rice
Authors: Phan Huy , Schläppi Michael
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Cold stress poses a significant threat to Asian rice cultivation, disrupting important physiological processes crucial for seedling establishment and overall plant growth. It is thus crucial to elucidate genetic pathways involved in cold stress tolerance response mechanisms. Methods: We mapped OsUBC7, a RAD6 type homolog of rice, to a low-temperature seedling survivability (LTSS) QTL and used genomics, molecular-genetics, and physiological assays to assess its role in plant resilience against low-temperature stress. Results: OsUBC7 is cold responsive and has higher expression levels in cold-tolerant japonica than cold-sensitive indica. Overexpression of OsUBC7 enhances LTSS of indica and freezing tolerance of Arabidopsis, increases levels of soluble sugars and chlorophyll A, and boosts leaf development after cold exposure and increases leaf cell numbers and plants size, but does not affect membrane stability after cold stress exposure. Additionally, OsUBC7 has a positive role for germinability in the presence of salt and for flowering and yield-related traits. The OsUBC7 protein physically interacts with the developmental stage specific and histone modifying E3 ligases OsRFPH2-12 and OsHUB1/2, respectively, and potential target genes such as cell cycle dependent kinases were identified. Conclusions: OsUBC7 might contribute to cold resilience by regulating sugar metabolism to provide energy for promoting cellular homeostasis restoration after cold stress exposure via new cell growth, particularly in leaf cells crucial for photosynthesis and metabolic activity, possibly by interacting with cell cycle regulating proteins. Overall, this study suggests that OsUBC7 may be involved in plant development, reproduction, and stress adaptation, and contributes to a deeper understanding of rice plant cold stress tolerance response mechanisms. OsUBC7 may be a promising candidate for improving crop productivity and resilience to stressful environments.
Exploring the Effect of Interface Contact States on BrushRing Current-Carrying Friction
Authors: Li Chenshi , Zhao Xinze , Lv Yaru , Li Yang , Li Wanting , Yang Wei
Published: November 2024

Carbon brush/collector ring of hydro generator set will have phenomena such as firing and ablation during operation, which is due to the existence of various abnormal contact modes of the brush/ring during operation, thus changing the carbon brush/collector ring interface state. In order to analyze the effects of different contact modes on the performance of the brush/ring. In this paper, we construct the contact modes of air gap (loss of contact leads to the existence of a small gap between the two surfaces), direct contact (contact with abrasive particulate media), and surface porosity contact (contact when there is a large pit on the surface of the collector ring due to manufacturing quality defects and abnormal abrasion), and we analyze the effects of the various states on the core parameters such as current conduction, ring surface damage, and carbon brush abrasion, which provide a basis for the active suppression of the damage.
SWOT Analysis of different Photovoltaic Panel Recycling Processes for the Brazilian reality
Authors: Branco Lucas C. C. , Santos Felipe S.
Published: November 2024

Despite being considered a form of green energy, Photovoltaic panels face a logistical challenge when it comes to proper disposal. As the end-of-life for first-generation panels approaches, exploring methodologies more suitable for the Brazilian context is essential, as this technology has not yet been widely adopted. This study analyzed recycling treatment methods from photovoltaic modules using the SWOT analysis tool, focusing on the Brazilian economy scenario. It used bibliometric searching for methodology. The three main comminution methods—thermal, physical, and chemical—were discussed among the other methods available for photovoltaic panel recycling. Scenario identification was used to evaluate these methods by cross-referencing the factors of the SWOT matrix to determine how each technique fits into a growth, development, maintenance, and survival scenario. The study concluded that the most suitable treatment method for Brazil's reality is thermal treatment, explicitly utilizing the Solvothermal Expansion with Thermal Decomposition (SSTD) or Electrothermal method, chosen from 11 possible methods. It was found that all chemical and physical treatments can produce some form of toxic effluent/waste during the process. In contrast, thermal treatments are already widely commercialized and make the smallest number of toxic compounds, dependent only on the energy source.
Towards a Transdisciplinary Epistemology of the Mode 4: Decolonizing Knowledge Production in African Missiology
Authors: Moleka Pitshou
Published: November 2024

This pioneering article offers a sweeping, paradigm-shifting exploration of the revolutionary emergence of "Mode 4" knowledge production - a fundamental reconceptualization of the epistemological, organizational, and methodological foundations of research and innovation. Drawing on cutting-edge theoretical frameworks and a vast corpus of rigorous empirical evidence, this work argues that Mode 4 represents a transformative leap towards a more collaborative, transdisciplinary, and adaptive approach to knowledge creation - one that holds the potential to catalyze a profound and lasting transformation in the way we conceive of, organize, and mobilize research to address the complex, interconnected challenges facing our world. At the heart of this paradigm shift lies the groundbreaking "decuple helix" framework, which expands the scope of stakeholder engagement and knowledge co-creation to incorporate a comprehensive range of actors, from academia and industry to marginalized communities, the natural environment, and international organizations. By situating this revolutionary approach within the context of African missiology, the article delves deeply into the multifaceted roles and invaluable contributions of this diverse array of stakeholders, demonstrating how their active integration can unlock the transformative power of collaborative, values-oriented research and innovation for decolonizing and reimagining missionary praxis. The work examines the profound implications of Mode 4 for the epistemology, ontology, methodology, ethics, and praxis of African missiology, charting a course towards a more inclusive, emancipatory, and holistically integrated future for the missionary enterprise.
Intrinsic Molecular Alignment of Endofullerenes
Authors: Smucker Jonathan Carl , Perez-Rios Jesus
Published: November 2024

Methods for creating endofullerenes have been steadily improving since their discovery allowing for new types of endofullerenes to be created in larger numbers. When a molecule is trapped in a fullerene, the fullerene creates a harmonic trapping potential leaving most of the fundamental properties of the internal molecule intact. The fullerene cage does create a preferred axis for the internal molecule similar to studies of the alignment of molecules in the presence of an external electric field. We explore the alignment of AlF and N2 inside of C60. The interaction between the internal molecule and the fullerene cage is calculated using ab initio electronic structure methods. This interaction is then used to calculate the spectroscopic properties of the internal molecule. The internal molecules are found to be strongly aligned despite all spectroscopic constants calculated being relatively unaffected by the fullerene cage.
Dynamic Motor Intervention Model
Authors: Charitou Sophia , Koutsouki Dimitra , Asonitou Katerina
Published: November 2024

The Dynamic Motor Intervention Model (DyMIM) proposes three domains. The first domain refers to the cognitive base, called "I KNOW" and is composed of cognitive and motor schemas. The second domain refers to the content of "Who I am" and is called "I AM". It contains beliefs, preferences, and the emotions one experiences when engaging in motor experiences. The third domain is called "I DO" and refers to motor patterns and motor responses and is the point of convergence between actual and perceived motor competence. The distinguishing feature of this intervention model is its emphasis on motor representations as the central reference point. Motor representations, however, not only consist of cognitive-motor information but are decisively shaped by the emotional imprints of the developing individual's engagement with the movement. This intervention aims to facilitate children with developmental disorders to advance the I KNOW, I AM, and I DO domains. The underlying mechanism for this development is the formation of motor representations, which are shaped by the provision of appropriate motor experiences (depending on the age, the capabilities and abilities of the individual, the family, and the social environment) in a context that enhances self-confidence (motivation).
A Multiphysics Modelling Approach of Stripping Ethanol from Ethanol-Water Mixture Using Hot Microbubbles
Authors: Murali Vishal
Published: November 2024

Ethanol has always been an integral part of our daily life. We often use ethanol knowingly or unknowingly in many formats. Industrialists use ethanol as a primary or secondary solvent in the synthesis of organic materials, as a cleaning/ sanitising solvent which can sanitise the area where it is applied onto. As a fuel, ethanol can be used as an additive to standard gasoline to make the fuel cleaner and greener. A greener commute/ travel is currently possible dominantly with the usage of electric vehicles (EVs). However, the EV infrastructure is in the primitive stages where the growth is not that exceptional as it expected but there is a steady growth. To catch up with the conventional fuels, it would take a considerable amount of time. In order to cut down the carbon footprint in the present, the addition of green additives in the fuels are the suggested actions. With countries like India initiating the action to bring down the gasoline consumption by increasing the ethanol content to a 20% by 2030, there is a good market for additives like ethanol and butanol which can be produced using a green way. There is also a concern with backwards compatibility of the EV with fuel which is not compatible. To make majority of the vehicles cleaner and greener bio-based additives are the go-to. The necessity of biofuels due to the reasons above has increased in the recent years which led to an increase in the production and the costs associated with the production. To cut down the costs associated with the production; process intensification techniques are utilised to reduce the time to process the raw materials to products. Intensification techniques like reactive distillation, pervaporation had been the norm to perform two-unit operations in the same machinery. In the recent years with the introduction of microbubbles, the addition of hot microbubbles has solved the long unsolved Mpemba effect along with the ability to perform multiple unit operations altogether. This project aspires to develop a Multiphysics model where the modelled system initially represents a single air microbubble in a reservoir of a binary mixture of ethanol and water in a 2-D axisymmetric domain and perform a parametric sweep on the bubble to incorporate hotter bubbles and observe its behaviour. The model is scaled up to a two-bubble system to find the optimum separation of bubbles where interaction is nil and the heat distribution I even across the system. A 3-D geometry is generated with the simulation from the 2-bubble system using the optimal distance where bubbles are generated using COMSOL’s application builder to build the ideal microbubble system and simulate the same.
An Attempt to Reduce Nitrogen Fertilization Levels and their Impact on the Growth and Productivity of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) under Different Planting Dates
Authors: Taha Noura M. , Bukhari Najat A. , Hatamleh Ashraf A. , Górnik Krzysztof , Sabah Saleh S. , Hashem Fadl A. , El-Gabry Yasser A. , Shahin Mostafa G. , Lamlom Sobhi F. , Ahmed Yosri N. , Abou-Hadid Ayman F. , Abd-Elrahman Shaimaa H.
Published: November 2024

Applying nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture can cause uncontrolled gas emissions such as N2O and CO2, leading to global warming and serious climate changes. In this study, we evaluated the greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) that are concomitant with applying different rates of N ferti-lization, i.e., 50, 75, 100, and 125% of the recommended dose for two cultivars (Balady and Sids-40) of Allium sativum L. grown under three planting dates (15 September, 1 October, and 15 October). For this purpose, two field experiments were carried out during the two growing seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. Treatments were arranged in a split–split plot design with three replicates; planting dates were set up in the main plots; nitrogen levels were conducted in the submain plots, and garlic varieties were in the sub-subplots. The obtained results can be summa-rized as follows: Planting on 15 September significantly increased vegetative growth parameters (i.e., plant height, number of leaves plant−1, plant fresh and dry weights) and total bulb yield, in both seasons. Application of the highest rate of N (125%) gave significantly higher records for vegetative growth parameters, while the 75% nitrogen treatment appeared to give the highest total bulb yield in both seasons. Means of plant growth characteristics and total bulb yield were significantly increased by the cultivation of the Balady cultivar. In addition, results show that GHGs were positively correlated with increasing the rate of N fertilization. It could be recom-mended that planting on 15 September and fertilizing with 75% N fertilizer from the recom-mended dose for Balady cultivar achieve maximum yield and its components.
Fourier-Transformation-Based Analysis of X-Ray Diffraction Pattern of Keratin for Cancer Detection
Authors: Alekseev Alexander , Avdieiev Oleksii , Murokh Sasha , Yuk Delvin , Lazarev Alexander , Labelle Daizie , Mourokh Lev , Lazarev Pavel
Published: November 2024

We examine the feasibility of non-invasive cancer detection using the X-ray scattering properties of nails in the canine model. 945 samples taken from 266 dogs were measured, with 84 animals diagnosed with cancer. To analyze the obtained X-ray diffraction patterns of keratin, we propose a method based on the two-dimensional Fourier transformation of the images. We compare 350 combinations of data preprocessing steps and machine learning classifiers and determine corresponding performance metrics. Excellent classification results are demonstrated, with sensitivity or specificity achieving 100% and the best value for balanced accuracy being 87.5%. Our approach can be extended to human samples to develop a non-invasive, convenient, and cheap method for early cancer detection.
Use of Vision Transformers in Ophthalmology for Early Detection of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): A Comparative Analysis
Authors: González-Díaz Jorge Ernesto , Reyes-Delgado Augusto Javier , Sánchez-Cervantes José Luis , Mejia-Miranda Jezreel , Alor-Hernández Giner , Rodríguez-Mazahua Lisbeth
Published: November 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults. This study evaluates and compares the performance of five vision transformer (ViT) models (Classic ViT, Swin Transformer, BEiT, Swin Transformer V2, and SwiftFormer) in detecting dry AMD using fundus images. We used an initial dataset of 305 images, divided into training, validation, and test sets. The data set was increased by employing data augmentation techniques to enhance the models' generalization capabilities in different phases of the disease: No ADM, Mild, Moderate, and Advanced. Metrics of accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ROC curves, and computational efficiency were evaluated. Classic ViT and BEiT models achieved the best overall performance, excelling in accuracy (83.69% and 82.60%) and F1-score (85.47% and 86.36%), while SwiftFormer stood out in computational efficiency with a shorter inference time (14.19 ms/img), lower memory consumption (3.86 GB), and higher energy efficiency (131.46 W). This study provides evidence-based guidance for selecting ViT models for early detection of AMD, streamlining clinical diagnosis, and improving patient outcomes.