bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indexação de livros juvenis
Authors: Mafra Hugo Figueiredo , Cordeiro Rosa Inês de Novais
Published: January 2023

Objetiva examinar as recomendações de bibliotecas para a indexação de assuntos de livros de ficção juvenis. Analisa as recomendações da Library of Congress, New York Public Library, British Library e Bibliotecas da Universidade Estadual Paulista em relação à determinação do assunto pelo indexador. Como procedimento metodológico, realizam-se as pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. No resultado, apresentam-se os princípios básicos para análise de assunto de obras juvenis e a sua exemplificação no livro Harry Potter e a Pedra Filosofal (2000). Como resultado, elencou-se recomendações para a análise de assunto e suas subetapas das obras de ficção juvenil. Conclui-se que as recomendações das bibliotecas apontam a aspectos das narrativas das obras para a determinação dos assuntos, visto que não é possível realizar a leitura na íntegra da obra em uma unidade de informação. Os princípios básicos determinados indicam a possibilidade da determinação dos assuntos referentes ao conteúdo das narrativas dos livros de ficção juvenis.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid Treatment–Induced GLOBE Score Changes Are Associated With Liver Transplantation-Free Survival in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: de Veer Rozanne C. , van Hooff Maria C. , Corpechot Christophe , Thorburn Douglas , Invernizzi Pietro , Lammers Willem J. , Janssen Harry L.A. , Battezzati Pier M. , Nevens Frederik , Lindor Keith D. , Floreani Annarosa , Ponsioen Cyriel Y. , Mayo Marlyn J. , Parés Albert , Mason Andrew L. , Kowdley Kris V. , Trivedi Palak J. , Hirschfield Gideon M. , Goet Jorn C. , Bruns Tony , Dalekos George N. , Gatselis Nikolaos K. , Verhelst Xavier , Hansen Bettina E. , Harms Maren H. , van der Meer Adriaan J. ,   on behalf of the Global PBC Study Group
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) can improve the GLOBE score. We aimed to assess the association between changes in the GLOBE score (ΔGLOBE) and liver transplantation (LT)–free survival in patients with PBC who were treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).

METHODS:

Among UDCA-treated patients within the Global PBC cohort, the association between ΔGLOBE (ΔGLOBE0–1: during the first year of UDCA, ΔGLOBE1–2: during the second year) and the risk of LT or death was assessed through Cox regression analyses.

RESULTS:

Overall, 3,775 UDCA-treated patients were included; 3,424 (90.7%) were female, the median age was 54.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 45.9–62.4) years, and the median baseline GLOBE score was 0.25 (IQR −0.47 to 0.96). During a median follow-up of 7.2 (IQR 3.7–11.5) years, 730 patients reached the combined end point of LT or death. The median ΔGLOBE0–1was −0.27 (IQR −0.56 to 0.02). Cox regression analyses, adjusted for pretreatment GLOBE score and ΔGLOBE0–12, showed that ΔGLOBE was associated with LT or death (adjusted hazard ratio 2.28, 95% confidence interval 1.81–2.87,P< 0.001). The interaction between baseline GLOBE score and ΔGLOBE0–1was not statistically significant (P= 0.296). The ΔGLOBE1–2was associated with LT or death (adjusted hazard ratio 2.19, 95% confidence interval 1.67–2.86,P< 0.001), independently from the baseline GLOBE score and the change in GLOBE score during the first year of UDCA.

DISCUSSION:

UDCA-induced changes in the GLOBE score were significantly associated with LT-free survival in patients with PBC. While the relative risk reduction of LT or death was stable, the absolute risk reduction was heavily dependent on the baseline prognosis of the patient.
From Radon and Thoron Measurements, Inhalation Dose Assessment to National Regulation and Radon Action Plan in Cameroon
Authors: Saïdou  , Tokonami Shinji , Hosoda Masahiro , Simo Augustin , Hell Joseph Victor , German Olga , Meless Esmel Gislere Oscar
Published: January 2023

Background: The current study reports measurements of activity concentrations of radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) in dwellings, followed by inhalation dose assessment of the public, and then by the development of regulation and the national radon action plan (NRAP) in Cameroon.Materials and Methods: Radon, thoron, and thoron progeny measurements were carried out from 2014 to 2017 using radon-thoron discriminative detectors (commercially RADUET) in 450 dwellings and thoron progeny monitors in 350 dwellings. From 2019 to 2020, radon track detectors (commercially RADTRAK) were deployed in 1,400 dwellings. It was found that activity concentrations of radon range in 1,850 houses from 10 to 2,620 Bq/m3 with a geometric mean of 76 Bq/m3.Results and Discussion: Activity concentrations of thoron range from 20 to 700 Bq/m3 with a geometric mean of 107 Bq/m3. Thoron equilibrium factor ranges from 0.01 to 0.6, with an arithmetic mean of 0.09 that is higher than the default value of 0.02 given by UNSCEAR. On average, 49%, 9%, and 2% of all surveyed houses have radon concentrations above 100, 200, and 300 Bq/m3, respectively. The average contribution of thoron to the inhalation dose due to radon and thoron exposure is about 40%. Thus, thoron cannot be neglected in dose assessment to avoid biased results in radio-epidemiological studies. Only radon was considered in the drafted regulation and in the NRAP adopted in October 2020. Reference levels of 300 Bq/m3 and 1,000 Bq/m3 were recommended for dwellings and workplaces.Conclusion: Priority actions for the coming years include the following: radon risk mapping, promotion of a protection policy against radon in buildings, integration of the radon prevention and mitigation into the training of construction specialists, mitigation of dwellings and workplaces with high radon levels, increased public awareness of the health risks associated with radon, and development of programs on the scientific and technical aspects.
Shifting the State Burden in Infrastructure Financing through the Issuance of Government Sukuk
Authors: Amaliah Ima , Aspiranti Tasya
Published: January 2023

This research is intended to introduce and elaborate on the role of government sukuk as one of the macroeconomic policy instruments to cover the government budget deficit and infrastructure financing in Indonesia. This study developed an analysis model during the 2008.Q2-2020.Q4 period to show that the policy of developing Islamic financial instruments is closely related to macroeconomic variables. This study uses a dynamic linear ECM in developing government sukuk both in the short and long term. This study finds that sukuk budget deficit and infrastructure financing positively influence government sukuk issuance in the short term. While in the long term, infrastructure financing negatively influences government sukuk issuance. This study may suggest that the role of government sukuk as a substitute for foreign debt in building infrastructure must be further enhanced. The government should promote trust regarding government sukuk as a reliable investment instrument so that the government sukuk market expands and becomes an important source of financing for economic development, particularly infrastructure development.
INFERENSI KONTEKS BERDASARKAN ANALISIS RELASI MAKNA WEBTOON “SMILE BRUSH: MY OLD PICTURES”
Authors: Pehala Ilfan Askul , Zur Sarjaniah , Safei Nur Hasanah
Published: January 2023

The study in this research is oriented to the analysis and description of inferences on the context and a comprehensive understanding of other linguistic variables in the text and discourse in it. The research data are lingual lexical units and phrases that show the relation of synonymy and polysemy meanings in the narrative text of the comic "Smile Brush: My Old Pictures" by Waroo, which can be accessed on the Webtoon platform. The data is processed using descriptive qualitative linguistic research characteristics combined with ethnoscience analysis. Data was occupied by the distribution method using the BUL/Direct Element Sharing technique and coding. The result states that this inference is the conclusion of cognition based on the context built by involving participants, awareness, and over-paradigmatic relations to syntagmatic other ties. This inference is the role of the association of meaning to other linguistic units in understanding the context in terminating inference. The process and conclusion of all these factors and variables show the stimulative, systemic, and holistic linguistic correlation of metafunctions and stratification of linguistic domains.
METHODS FOR CONVERSING OUTPUT SIGNALS OF KEY PHASE DETECTORS
Authors: Grigoryan L. R. , Bogatov N. M. , Grigoryan R. L.
Published: January 2023

The comparative analysis of switching methods of transformation of phase information is carried out in work. Following the proposed classification, the advantages, disadvantages, and scope of the methods of low-frequency filtering and high-purity sampling of the output pulses of a switching phase converter are shown. Particular attention is paid to analyzing a fundamentally new time-pulse method of current linearization, which is especially effective in measuring phase shifts at an intermediate frequency in phase meters with frequency conversion of the studied signals.
ISSUES OF OPTIMAL SOIL MOISTURE CONTROL BASED ON DUAL-BAND SENSORS
Authors: Babaeva G. R.
Published: January 2023

The water content in the soil is spatially heterogeneous, which depends on climatic factors, land use, topography and properties of the soil itself. Currently, radio frequency soil moisture meters are the most common. The technical documentation of these devices indicates that the measurement error in them can reach 1 %. However, as the results of known experimental measurements show, such a result is achieved only after calibration with respect to a specific type of soil. Calculations show that in the absence of such calibration, the error can grow up to 15 %. In this regard, spectral methods of measuring soil moisture are more advantageous. The wellknown results of the conducted studies show that in this method the main interfering factor is the content of organic substances in the soil and taking into account only the phosphorus content in the soil makes it possible to achieve a measurement error of 6.5 %. This circumstance emphasizes the prospects of exploring additional ways to increase the efficiency of spectral methods for measuring the moisture content in the soil. The question of the optimal construction of a soil moisture monitoring network based on contact dualband optical soil moisture sensors operating in the NIR and SWIR ranges is formulated and solved. It is shown that the use of the usual averaging of the measurement results obtained on two ranges of the sensor when measuring with a constant frequency can lead to an inaccurate result due to differences in the dynamic ranges of optical signals at the detector inputs caused by the non-identity of the humidification conditions of the sub-field. The possibility of choosing an adaptive measurement mode is shown when sub-stages with a large dynamic range of humidity changes should be measured with a higher frequency, proportional to the specified dynamic range, which is equivalent to the implementation of an adaptive measurement mode.
APPLICATION OF PHOTOIONIZATION DETECTION FOR SORTING METALS
Authors: Ivanova N. I.
Published: January 2023

A new type of photoionization detectors of gases and vapors is described, in which the collection of ions occurs under the action of a contact potential difference arising between two electrodes made of different metals. The design of this detector, the principle of operation and its operation are described. The results of the development of a device for sorting metals and alloys based on a photoionization generator detector are also presented. The scheme of the experimental setup for testing the proposed device is given. The elements of the device are described in detail. The possibility of using a photoionization generator detector in the device under development has been experimentally confirmed.
ADJUSTMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING PROCESS BY MEANS OF VIBROACOUSTIC SIGNAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Grigoriev S. N. , Kozochkin M. P. , Porvatov A. N. , Malakhinsky A. P. , Mustafaev E. S.
Published: January 2023

Expanding industry demand for machining of critical products from hard-to-machine materials and hard alloys makes the research aimed at finding optimal modes of electrical discharge machining topical. This is, for example, the determination of modes that provide the highest productivity or efficiency, or minimum tool wear, while ensuring the necessary roughness and accuracy of the product. In the present work, it is proposed to supplement the parameters monitored in electric discharge machining with non-electrical parameters, which include the parameters of vibroacoustic signals that accompany the working process. The paper shows that parallel recording of the discharge current vibration signals makes it possible to reveal the drawbacks of processing conditions and to influence purposefully the technological process modes in order to bring the processing conditions closer to the optimum ones.
TURBIDITY CONTROL OF WATER USING RATIO TURBIDIMETERS THE METHOD OF OPTIMAL DISTRIBUTED PURIFICATION
Authors: Jabbarli B. R.
Published: January 2023

A method of water turbidity control using ratio turbidimeters is proposed for the implementation of optimal distributed water purification. The problem of minimizing the total turbidity value in NTU units of readings generated at the outputs of ratio turbidimeters included in each subchannel of the water flow distribution network is substantiated and solved. In the subchannels, the water is purified using coagulation-flocculation technology. The optimal ratio of the turbidimeter signals of the ratio is obtained, at which the sum of the NTU readings of the subchannels reaches a minimum.
CONSTRUCTION OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A DEFECT IN THE APPEARANCE OF AN INTERNAL CRACK IN A TURBINE OR PUMP BLADE
Authors: Trebunskih P.  A.
Published: January 2023

The appearance of a crack in the turbine or pump blade with the subsequent occurrence of vibration is considered. Dependences for determining the presence of a defect and the level of vibration are obtained, and phase portraits of vibrations based on the obtained dependences are constructed. The result of the study is the possibility of simulating the defect on relatively simple mathematical models.
ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE MOISTURE CONTENT CRITERIA FOR THE INSULATION OF OIL-FILLED TRANSFORMERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR ITS AUTOMATED RECOVERY
Authors: Vysogorets S. P.
Published: January 2023

The operational reliability of oil-filled transformers largely depends on the characteristics of the insulation, which is confirmed by the failure statistics. Moisture significantly affects both the reliability and the overload capacity and durability of power transformers. Drying insulation by traditional methods is a complex and expensive job, the complexity of which depends on the size of the transformer and the percentage of paper moisture, the more, the more difficult. An equally difficult task is to reliably measure the moisture content of the paper. To improve the accuracy of diagnosing insulation in terms of oil quality, changes are proposed to the requirements for the sampling procedure of a number of standards. To improve the efficiency of service maintenance of power transformers, improved criteria for the moisture content of solid insulation are proposed. The period of the most effective use of automated insulation restoration systems of the TRANSEC type has been determined. Field tests of the TRANSEC technology were carried out in an operating electrical installation. The high efficiency of automated insulation restoration systems was established, the dependence of insulation characteristics on temperature was confirmed, the admissibility of using the indicator of relative moisture saturation to assess the dynamics of the insulation restoration process, the comparability of the results of the measured and calculated values of paper moisture at an insulation temperature of at least 40 °C.
ISSUES OF DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF CUVETTE TURBIDIMETERS FOR WATER TURBIDITY CONTROL
Authors: Jabbarli B. R. , Huseynova M. V.
Published: January 2023

The issues of development and optimization of cuvette turbidimeters for water turbidity control are considered. The principle of constructing a universal turbidimeter with a variable course of the liquid beam inside the cuvette is described. The problem of optimization of cuvette laser turbidimeters in the mode of the presence of a rigid coupling function between the varying value of the initial laser radiation intensity and the length of the beam path in the liquid in the cuvette is investigated. It is shown that a turbidimeter with a changing beam path in a cuvette and a changing radiation intensity can have the highest average integral sensitivity if a decrease in the beam path is accompanied by a proportional logarithmic increase in the radiation intensity.
СLASSIFIER OF BIG DATA OBJECTS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Konovalov V. A.
Published: January 2023

The well-known models that provide the synthesis of object classifiers are analyzed: the Grothendieck topos model, Kripke’s intuitionistic model and the model of the normal Markov algorithm, in which similar approaches to the representation of objects are highlighted. The differences in the classifiers used in them are highlighted. A categorical-theoretical model of topos has been developed, in which sets are represented by n-categories. A generalized classifier has been developed that includes the properties of the Grothendieck, Kripke and Markov classifiers. An N-scheme is synthesized to replace the g-scheme of the normal Markov algorithm. A model of n-category topos has been developed and theoretically substantiated, in which the compositions of morphisms of an object are specified by an N-scheme. The alphabet of the n-category associator is synthesized, which provides the representation of non-associative compositions of morphisms, interacting objects, taking into account the assumptions laid down in the Kripke model. A database has been developed that implements the synthesized topos model. It is noted that such a database can be implemented as a cascade of unordered containers with the computation of hash functions to quickly find and retrieve keys and values. For some keys, such a base, it is allowed to duplicate a key in containers. The database provides a synthesis of self-learning on the input sampling of artificial intelligence data and supported by control lists of objects of selection, exclusion and deletion. The normal Markov algorithm is adapted to the theoretical model of the Grothendieck topos, taking into account the assumptions of the Kripke model, by replacing the g-scheme with the synthesized N-scheme.
GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MONEY LAUNDERING AND TERRORISM FINANCING RISK TYPOLOGY IN BIG DATA OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Konovalov V. A.
Published: January 2023

The big data of socio-economic systems is investigated in order to synthesize a generalized model of the typology of the risk of money laundering. The analysis of actual requirements to the typology model was carried out. A model for input, output and classification of objects, sets, categories in big data represented by topos has been developed. It is shown that classified objects can be entered into an artificial intelligence database and used to search and analyze typologies of money laundering risks. The concept is introduced and the category-theoretic formula of the event of the risk of money laundering is synthesized. In addition, a retrospective event was singled out and its theoretical justification was carried out. A method for fragmentation of chains of Markov occurrences is proposed and analyzed. Within the framework of the category-theoretic approach, chains are represented by category compositions. A new scheme developed instead of the well-known scheme of the normal Markov algorithm is analyzed. In the scheme, locally final occurrences were discovered and theoretically substantiated, which were not taken into account and were not used by Markov. Locally final occurrences in the scheme of the Markov algorithm are found in parallel chains of occurrences and voids. It has been established that locally final substitutions play an important role in the search and analysis of typologies of money laundering risks in big data of socio-economic systems. It has been determined that typologies of money laundering risks can be represented as categories of sets and n-categories. A formula for an incomplete risk typology has been developed. It is concluded that the synthesized model of the typology of money laundering risks provides for the detection and analysis of local typologies of individual risks.
REFINEMENT OF THE MARKOV ALPHABET TO REPRESENT SYNONYMS AND HOMONYMS DENOTING OBJECTS OF BIG DATA OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS. Part 1
Authors: Konovalov V. A.
Published: January 2023

The analysis of foreign criticism of incomplete provisions of the theory of Markov algorithms is carried out. Two incomplete positions of the theory identified during the practical implementation of programming languages are considered. The first is related to the incompleteness of data samples and, as a consequence, propositions that need to be subjected to a truth check. The second is with the inability to operate with synonyms and homonyms in the Markov alphabet A. The possibility of developing incomplete provisions of the theory of algorithms is considered, and scientific and technical ways of such are determined. It is noted that the theoretical justification of the Markov alphabet A has not been completed and requires further development. It is proposed to strengthen the theory of Markov algorithms by categorical reasoning. To investigate the Aristotelian category in the Markov alphabet A for the constructive definition of Aristotelian synonyms and homonyms. In the first part of the article, the main task of clarifying the Markov alphabet A for the constructive definition of synonyms and homonyms is solved. An ordered and expanded Markov alphabet A-+ is determined, an N-scheme for this alphabet is synthesized, and a variant of the N-scheme is additionally given under conditions of information uncertainty. The N-scheme for the Markov system is substantiated and implemented. The conclusion is made about the alphabet of control commands K used in the N-scheme, where it is proposed to understand the alphabet K more broadly, for example, as a pointer to a set of methods and algorithms for detection and classification in conditions of information uncertainty, or as a pointer to a structure containing separate standardized methods, or as a composition of methods from several standards.
COMPLEX INFORMATIONAL SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE DESCRIPTION AT EARLY STAGES OF REPEATABLE SOFTWARE SOLUTION REFINEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Filippov E. V.
Published: January 2023

The use of unified design environment – application solutions design system – for the description of the system architecture at stages of design and development in the ERP-type repeatable software solution adjustment and implementation project was reviewed. Mechanisms of application solutions design system were described, documentation features were clarified, examples of adjustments and data organization were given. It was described how the project team used unified design environment to prevent information crises. It was shown that the project is large, and so threatened by crises even prior to the development start. Mechanisms were described, which can prevent crises at design and development stages, shape a single context, and turn the database into a system description. It was indicated that there is no unified solutions architecture description technology on the 1C:Enterprise platform. Application solutions design system reflects the realities of repeatable product development in many ways, and therefore doesn’t always meet the partner companies’ operating specifics during customer projects. Proving points of documentation were clarified, and the project team’s actions to eliminate the inconsistencies were provided. The project team performed the necessary adjustments to adapt the project, entered data into the database, ensured the data relevance and enrichment, and configured the required connections. Examples of data and connections organization are given along with the adjustments causes and samples performed by the project team efforts. It was concluded that application solutions design system with adjustments fits the evolving solution architecture description. The project team finalized application solutions design system, eliminated inconsistencies between documentation and practice, formed the system description on a single context basis, and ensured the data’s relevance. It helped to prevent information crises at the stages of large project design and development.
Consequences of Srinivasa Ramanujan integrals involving Meijer’s G-function
Authors: Dar Showkat Ahmad , Kamarujjama Mohammad , Paris Richard Bruce , Qureshi Mohammad Idris
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we investigate and evaluate the analytical expressions for some definite integrals of Srinivasa Ramanujan in terms of Meijer’s G-function by using the Laplace transforms of

sin
⁡

(

β
⁢

x
2

)

{\sin(\beta x^{2})}

,

cos
⁡

(

β
⁢

x
2

)

{\cos(\beta x^{2})}

,

x
⁢

sin
⁡

(

β
⁢

x
2

)

{x\sin(\beta x^{2})}

and

x
⁢

cos
⁡

(

β
⁢

x
2

)

{x\cos(\beta x^{2})}

.
In addition, we investigate a number of infinite summation formulas involving Meijer’s G-function
and closed-form evaluation of some related infinite series.
Court protocol in Nara Japan: an Annotated translation of the Giseiryō and the Ebukuryō
Authors: Manieri Antonio , Migliore Maria Chiara
Published: January 2023

This article furnishes the analysis and the philological translation for the first time into English of two laws contained in Book 7 of the Yōrōryō (Yōrō Administrative Code, 718), i.e. the Giseiryō 儀制令 (Law on Ceremonies and Regulations) and the Ebukuryō 衣服令 (Law on Robes and Garments). These two laws are pivotal in regulating the court etiquette, not only regarding the behavior but also the appearance of the political elites, as etiquette and attires define the hierarchy and the interpersonal relations between aristocracy, officialdom, and personnel down to the servants. On the one hand, the two laws highlight some basic differences between the Japanese rulers and their Chinese counterparts; on the other hand, the emphasis on ceremonies, regulations, and attires molded the subsequent Heian court society, as can be easily inferred from the significant production of texts emphasizing rituals and etiquette, such as manuals on protocol and precedents and journals written by court officials.
Drones applications for smart cities: Monitoring palm trees and street lights
Authors: Alkaabi Khaula , El Fawair Abdel Rhman
Published: January 2023

This study explores drones’ applications and proposes a cost-effective drone monitoring system for both palm trees and street lighting networks. The planned drone technical system has two monitoring sections. First, a model is developed to examine the health of date palm trees, in which drone photos are used to determine whether palm trees are suffering from diseases such as black scorch and sudden decline syndrome. These images are transferred into a central computer to stimulate normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) models using AgiSoft software. The simulated NDVI models indicated that there are no health issues with date palm trees, which has resulted in the positive feedback in terms of the economic growth. Second, drone technology is utilized to detect the technical faults in the lighting network to ensure proper maintenance and social security. Twelve images of street lights are captured to demonstrate the working condition and the operational status of the street lights. These images are processed in MATLAB software, and a stimulated image processing model is implemented to enhance the monitoring of the street lighting network. The simulation findings indicate that the light in one of the images is not functioning, and ArcGIS Pro is utilized to locate it.
Double rupture event in the Tianshan Mountains: A case study of the 2021 Mw 5.3 Baicheng earthquake, NW China
Authors: Yushan Ailixiati , Yusan Sulitan , Liu Daiqin , Li Jie , Yasen Abudutayier , Liu Jianming , Chen Li
Published: January 2023

On March 23, 2021 (21:14 universal time coordinated), an Mw 5.3 earthquake occurred in Baicheng County in Xinjiang, northwestern China, according to the United States Geological Survey. The earthquake produced a 4-km-long surface rupture at the epicenter, which is generally rare for earthquakes of magnitude 5.3. Thus, investigating the Baicheng earthquake is crucial for understanding the seismogenic structure of the region. We obtained the interferometric synthetic aperture radar deformation field and inverted the slip distribution of the Baicheng earthquake using Sentinel-1A satellite data and surface rupture data. The results indicate that the surface deformation area was elliptical, with long and short axes of approximately 20 and 10 km, respectively. The seismogenic structure is a left-lateral strike-slip fault with a small dip-slip component and strike and dip angles of 248° and 70°, respectively. Two other slip centers were also observed at 2 and 8 km beneath the surface in the dip direction. The maximum slip at 2 km was 0.45 m. Shear deformation between the Tarim Basin and Southern Tianshan Mountains was responsible for the strike-slip features of the Baicheng earthquake.
Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) reversed the effects of letrozole-induced aromatase inhibition in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Noubouossie Pouegue Jonathan , Mvondo Marie Alfrede
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy affecting 5–20% of women of childbearing age. There is no single drug for the treatment of PCOS and current therapies have significant side effects. This study evaluated the ability of Milica excelsa to improve PCOS symptoms in rats.

Methods

Induction of PCOS was achieved using letrozole (a reversible aromatase inhibitor; 1 mg/kg; given orally for 21 days). From day 22, PCOS rats received the aqueous extract of M. excelsa roots (14 and 140 mg/kg). Clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg) was administered to the positive control. The negative and the normal controls received the vehicle (5% DMSO). Treatments were given orally for 7 or 14 days. Vaginal smears were scrutinized daily during the experiment. Body weight was measured hebdomadal. Animals were sacrificed after the two treatment periods for biochemical and histological analyses.

Results

Aromatase inhibition caused hyperandrogenism (p<0.001), overweight (p<0.001) and fat accumulation (p<0.001). It also blocked the estrous cycle at the diestrus phase and altered ovarian dynamics as evidenced by the accumulation of cystic (p<0.001) and atretic (p<0.001) follicles. In contrast, M. excelsa induced weight loss (p<0.001), reduction in fat weight (p<0001), and lower serum androgen and LH levels (p<0.001). It also restored the estrous cycle and improved ovarian dynamics by increasing the amount of Graafian follicles (p<0.001) and corpora lutea (p<0.001), and decreasing that of cystic and atretic follicles (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Milica excelsa corrected hyperandrogenism and overweight in PCOS animals, and reduced cyst formation and follicle atresia in their ovaries.
Method for solving inverse spectral problems on quantum star graphs
Authors: Avdonin Sergei A. , Kravchenko Vladislav V.
Published: January 2023

A new method for solving inverse spectral problems on quantum star graphs is proposed.
The method is based on Neumann series of Bessel function representations for solutions of Sturm–Liouville equations.
The representations admit estimates for the series remainders which are independent of the real part of the square root of the spectral parameter.
This feature makes them especially useful for solving direct and inverse spectral problems requiring calculation of solutions on large intervals in the spectral parameter.
Moreover, the first coefficient of the representation is sufficient for the recovery of the potential.
The method for solving the inverse spectral problem on the graph consists in reducing the problem to a two-spectra inverse Sturm–Liouville problem on each edge.
Then a system of linear algebraic equations is derived for computing the first coefficient of the series representation for the solution on each edge and hence for recovering the potential.
The proposed method leads to an efficient numerical algorithm that is illustrated by a number of numerical tests.
A new species of jupati, genusMetachirusBurmeister 1854 (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) for the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Miranda Cleuton Lima , Nunes Mario da Silva , Fabrício Machado Arielli , Farias Izeni Pires , Menezes Fernando Heberson , Ardente Natalia Carneiro , Dos Santos-Filho Manoel , Bredin Yennie Katarina , da Silva Maria Nazareth F.
Published: January 2023

The brown or pouchless four-eyed opossums or jupatis represent the genusMetachiruswith a wide geographical range in the Neotropics. Recent studies show distinct monophyletic clades with high genetic divergence and recognized two species,Metachirus nudicaudatusandMetachirus myosuros. Nevertheless, there is a need for systematic revision with multiple sources of evidence on the taxonomy ofMetachirus, which has never been fully revised. Here we describe a new species ofMetachirusfor the Brazilian Amazon from the Xingu/Tocantins interfluve using the unification of concepts and evolutionary significant units, morphological, genetic, and geographic data. Our analysis reveals a new species withinMetachirusas a differentiated Amazonian clade from the Serra dos Carajás region and the Caxiuanã National Forest, both in the Xingu endemism centre. This new species can be distinguished from the type species,M. nudicaudatusand fromM. myosurosthrough discrete external morphological characters, including cranium and dentition, and molecular data with an average degree of divergence, but ancient divergence time for the mitochondrial cytochromebgene. The Amazon River delimits the distribution of the new species, which also occurs in areas under strong anthropogenic pressure, reinforcing the importance to guide conservation strategies for the region.
Photonic multiplexing techniques for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Bai Yunping , Xu Xingyuan , Tan Mengxi , Sun Yang , Li Yang , Wu Jiayang , Morandotti Roberto , Mitchell Arnan , Xu Kun , Moss David J.
Published: January 2023

The simultaneous advances in artificial neural networks and photonic integration technologies have spurred extensive research in optical computing and optical neural networks (ONNs). The potential to simultaneously exploit multiple physical dimensions of time, wavelength and space give ONNs the ability to achieve computing operations with high parallelism and large-data throughput. Different photonic multiplexing techniques based on these multiple degrees of freedom have enabled ONNs with large-scale interconnectivity and linear computing functions. Here, we review the recent advances of ONNs based on different approaches to photonic multiplexing, and present our outlook on key technologies needed to further advance these photonic multiplexing/hybrid-multiplexing techniques of ONNs.
Eutrophication, contaminants, litter and climate change: Baltic Sea under threat
Authors: Busse Lilian , Claussen Ulrich , Krakau Manuela , Künitzer Anita , Leujak Wera , Pirntke Ulrike , Weiß Andrea , Werner Stefanie
Published: January 2023

The Baltic Sea is still impacted by numerous pressures. More efforts are needed to reduce them for achieving healthy and resilient marine ecosystems and their sustainable uses. This can only be reached through the cooperation of Baltic Sea states and strong regional governance. The HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan 2021 is the promising instrument to implement these efforts for the Baltic Sea and to advance the global objectives of marine protection.
Antibiotikaresistenzen im klinischen Umfeld: Abwasser als unsichtbarer Hotspot
Authors: Voigt Alexander , Felder Carsten
Published: January 2023

Das Abwasser von Krankenhäusern ist für Patienten und medizinisches Personal nicht sichtbar, für die Betrachtung von Antibiotikaresistenzen im klinischen Umfeld aber von großer Bedeutung. Denn Siphons in Nasszellen sind in der Lage, Antibiotikarückstände über einen längeren Zeitraum zu speichern. In diesen Systemen besteht das Risiko der Verbreitung und Neuentwicklung von Antibiotikaresistenzen. Krankenhausabwasser emittiert darüber hinaus Antibiotikarückstände und antibiotikaresistente Bakterien in das kommunale Abwasser und stellt somit einen Punktemittenten für den weiterführenden Eintrag in die aquatische Umwelt dar.
Poly- und Perfluorierte Alkylsubstanzen in Gewässern: Beispiel für ein lokales Screening
Authors: Felder Carsten , Komitsch Martin , Färber Harald , Skutlarek Dirk , Mutters Nico T.
Published: January 2023

Poly- und Perfluorierte Alkylsubstanzen (PFAS) gehören zu den aufkommenden Schadstoffen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Vor dem Hintergund neuer Grenzwerte und zunehmender Daten über ihre Verbreitung und den von ihnen ausgehende Gesundheitsgefahren können lokale Sreenings helfen, Hintergrundbelastungen zu verstehen und Hotspots zu identifizieren. In unserem Beispiel wurden 17 Oberflächengewässer auf ihre Belastung mit PFAS hin untersucht. Es konnten Konzentrationen zwischen 2,4 ng/l und 41 ng/l für die Summe von 21 Substanzen ermittelt werden.
A szólás- és tanszabadság elve a mózesi Törvényben és a rabbinikus jogban
Authors: Ruff Tibor
Published: January 2023

The Torah law and rabbinic jurisprudence are the decisive (and only explicit) starting points for the researcher in the study of the principle of freedom of speech and teaching. Their partial collision in the history of interpretation and jurisprudence of Judaism led, in a fruitful way, to the recognition and enforcement of freedom of conscience and, consequently, of the principles of freedom of speech and teaching, already in antiquity – not without restrictions in the theocratic state, but widely within the framework of the Torah. In exploring these boundaries, we will also gain insight into one of the interpretation methods of the Torah as an unappealable source of law with divine authority in all its words, the so-called pilpul, which unfolded in rabbinic legal hermeneutics.
Verweise auf das Naturrecht in den Quellen des spätfeudalen ungarischen Privatrechts
Authors: P. Szabó Béla
Published: January 2023

The aim of this revised text, presented as a lecture, is to answer the question, based on some known sources of early modern Hungarian private law, of the role that they assigned to references to natural law, natural equity and human nature in relation to certain private law institutions and rules. Based on the available sources, we have examined the significance of natural law arguments and ideas in early modern Hungary in two ways. On the one hand, as a preliminary question, we attempted to assess how the authors of early modern Hungarian legal literature approached the phenomenon of natural law. On the other hand, we looked for examples of the extent to which natural law has been used in the interpretation of legislation or possibly customary law, or as a secondary source of law in the case of shortcomings in the Hungarian legal system.
Lehet-e „véletlenül” segítőnek lenni?
Authors: Békési Tímea , Kassai Szilvia
Published: January 2023

A diszfunkcionális családból indulás gyakran a segítő hivatás választásának egyik alapja. Különösen igaz ez olyan személyekre, akik gyermekként parentifikált szerepbe kerültek. Az autoetnográfia módszere alkalmas a kutató saját élettörténetének saját maga általi reflexív elemzésére. Az egyes életesemények bemutatásán keresztül szeretnénk szemléltetni egy szakmai életutat, amely sok hasonlóságot mutathat más, a segítő szakmában dolgozó emberekével is.

A cikk beérkezett: 2022. 03. 11-én, javítva: 2022. 08. 02-án és 2022. 10. 17-én, elfogadva: 2022. 11. 15--én.
Women's education and the achievement of learning cities in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Amusa Dare Rilwan
Published: January 2023

The study sought to examine how women's education can be harnessed to achieve learning cities in Lagos state. The essay evaluates the influence of women's education on the achievement of learning cities in Lagos; finds out how to improve the participation in women's education; examines the form of women's education useful to achieve learning cities in Lagos state and assesses how learning cities can be achieved with women education. Three research questions were raised and answered by the essay. Findings of the study showed that to improve the patronage of women's education in Lagos state, there should be opportunities for women to have basic education, learning programs should be divided into sections (morning, afternoon, and evening), women should be allowed to choose their desire vocations, learning should be made free and accessible and inclusive for all gender and the study recommended that to achieve the learning city in Lagos through women education, there should be opportunities for all women to partake in basic education at their leisure time and their convenient time; women should be given opportunity to learn various entrepreneurship skills or trade as this would enhance their thinking skills and develop them economically and there should be a provision of employment opportunity for women to encourage the non-literate and the potential literate as a result of the new normal.
Technological innovation in learning cities and adult education programmes: A comparative analysis between Mexico and Nigeria
Authors: Ogbonnaya Ndidiamaka Annie
Published: January 2023

In contemporary times, technological innovation has become the order of the day, and different sectors have been able to infuse technological innovations to promote their professions and professionalism; thus, technological innovations are considered in adult education programmes to promote learning cities. Technology and innovation direct facilitators and learners to the point of adult learning and the growing technological innovation. Hence, this study seeks to examine technological innovations in learning cities: a comparative between Lagos, Nigeria and Huejotzingo, Mexico. Four research questions were raised to guide this study. The study as well looked at comparative analysis haven established the justification for comparative in this study as the form of technological innovation used to promote adult education programmes, and for the fact that Nigeria and Mexico share similarities in historical background of how technological innovation have been used over time. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 150 respondents in Somolu local government area of Lagos state, Nigeria. Both primary and secondary data were used. The study shows that insufficient or lack of funds which limit institution to have advanced technology tools could be the major factor that hinders the use of advanced technology in the provision of adult education programme. The paper recommends proper funding of life-long learning by the government; technological education should be included in all adult education programmes and made accessible to all within the state to achieve education for all and sustainability in cities and communities.
Vergleich der Mathematikkompetenzen und der Ungarischkompetenzen von angehenden (erstes Studienjahr) und scheidenden (viertes Studienjahr) Lehramtstudent*innen
Authors: Dőryné Zábrádi Orsolya , Petzné Tóth Szilvia , Sipos Judit , Reider József
Published: January 2023

In einer im Herbst 2022 durchgeführten Untersuchung untersuchten wir Kenntnisse in zwei Bereichen, von denen wir lange glaubten, dass sie voneinander unabhängig sind, nämlich die "geisteswissenschaftlichen" und die "formalwissenschaftlichen" Kompetenzen der Studierenden. Es ist keineswegs sicher, dass die geisteswissenschaftlichen, in unserem Fall die ungarische Sprache – und die formalwissenschaftlichen, hier die mathematische Kompetenz, völlig voneinander getrennt sind. Es kann sogar passieren, dass sie Gemeinsamkeiten haben. Unter anderem interessierten uns diese Gemeinsamkeiten bei der Untersuchung, bei der wir die grundlegenden mathematischen Kompetenzen und die ungarischen Sprachkompetenzen von Lehramtsstudentinnen und Lehramtstudenten des ersten und vierten Studienjahres an der Apáczai Csere János Fakultät für Pädagogik, Human- und Sozialwissenschaften der Széchenyi István Universität erfasst haben. Mit Hilfe einer Reihe von Aufgaben versuchten wir, Antworten auf unsere Fragen zu bekommen, wie mathematisches Wissen mit Grammatikwissen zusammenhängt und ob die in der Ausbildung verbrachte Zeit einen positiven Effekt auf das Wissen der Studenten hat. Wir wollten auch herausfinden, welche Arten von Aufgaben für die Studierenden problematisch sind. In Bezug auf diese Fragen formulierten wir die folgenden Hypothesen: Die Studierende im vierten Studienjahr schneiden sowohl in Mathematik als auch in der ungarischen Sprache besser ab, als die Studierende im ersten Studienjahr. Außerdem sind die Leistungen der Studierenden im ersten und vierten Studienjahr in Mathematik besser, als die in der ungarischen Sprache, da die Mathematikaufgaben kein Hintergrundwissen erfordern, die Aufgaben in der ungarischen Sprache hingegen nicht nur technisches, sondern auch lexikalisches Wissen erfordern. Unser Ziel ist es, die Ergebnisse dieser Umfrage bei der Umgestaltung unserer Ausbildung und unseres derzeitigen Lehrplans zu nutzen. Wir wollen die Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten unserer Studierenden so weit wie möglich fördern, ihnen ein noch gründlicheres Wissen zu vermitteln. Wir möchten erreichen, dass die gegenwärtig durchgeführte Untersuchung und die ausgewerteten Ergebnisse einen positiven Einfluss auf den zukünftigen Lehr- und Lernprozess in unserem Institut haben.
ENTREVISTA COM VILSON JOSÉ LEFFA
Authors: Barreto Matzenauer Carmen Lúcia
Published: January 2023

Na edição que marca os 25 anos da Revista LINGUAGEM & ENSINO, o texto de abertura teria de trazer o Prof. Vilson José Leffa, idealizador e criador do periódico. Pesquisador e Professor com atuação reconhecida no país e no exterior, sempre reconheceu a indispensável necessidade de fazer circular o conhecimento, visando a uma discussão ampla e avançada da ciência e a uma formação sólida e atualizada de novos professores e pesquisadores. Sua própria produção científica, de qualidade inconteste, o situa como um dos grandes líderes nos estudos e nas reflexões inovadoras com que a área da Linguística Aplicada tem contado no Brasil.
EMOJI USE IN WHATSAPP INTERACTIONS
Authors: Braga Junia , S. Martins Antonio Carlos , Racilan Marcos
Published: January 2023

Este estudo analisa as interações de 227 professores em um curso de ensino e aprendizagem de línguas no WhatsApp e tem como objetivo a) identificar o uso de emojis em funções sintáticas e discursivas em experiências educacionais via WhatsApp, b) compreender o papel dos emojis na evolução das comunidades de aprendizagem nesse aplicativo, e c) discutir o uso de emojis na mediação de experiências educacionais online. Os resultados mostram o uso de emojis com diversas funções sintáticas e discursivas destinadas a compensar a ausência de recursos não verbais típicos das interações face a face. Sugerem também que os emojis contribuíram significativamente para a construção da coesão do grupo, sentimento de pertencimento e manifestações identitárias nas interações ocorridas durante o curso, bem como a apropriação dos emojis como estratégia de mediação para destacar as postagens de educadores e tutores e para incitar as intervenções pedagógicas.