bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of static cartoons combined with dynamic virtual environments on preoperative anxiety of preschool-aged children undergoing surgery
Authors: Zhang Ya-Lin , Zhou Qi-Ying , Zhang Peng , Huang Lin-Feng , Jin Li , Zhou Zhi-Guo
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Preschoolers become anxious when they are about to undergo anesthesia and surgery, warranting the development of more appropriate and effective interventions.

AIM

To explore the effect of static cartoons combined with dynamic virtual environments on preoperative anxiety and anesthesia induction compliance in preschool-aged children undergoing surgery.

METHODS

One hundred and sixteen preschool-aged children were selected and assigned to the drug (n = 37), intervention (n = 40), and control (n = 39) groups. All the children received routine preoperative checkups and nursing before being transferred to the preoperative preparation room on the day of the operation. The drug group received 0.5 mg/kg midazolam and the intervention group treatment consisting of static cartoons combined with dynamic virtual environments. The control group received no intervention. The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale was used to evaluate the children’s anxiety level on the day before surgery (T0), before leaving the preoperative preparation room (T1), when entering the operating room (T2), and at anesthesia induction (T3). Compliance during anesthesia induction (T3) was evaluated using the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC). Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR) were also recorded at each time point.

RESULTS

The anxiety scores of the three groups increased variously at T1 and T2. At T3, both the drug and intervention groups had similar anxiety scores, both of which were lower than those in the control group. At T1 and T2, MAP, HR, and RR of the three groups increased. The drug and control groups had significantly higher MAP and RR than the intervention group at T2. At T3, the MAP, HR, and RR of the drug group decreased and were significantly lower than those in the control group but were comparable to those in the intervention group. Both the drug and intervention groups had similar ICC scores and duration of anesthesia induction (T3), both of which were higher than those of the control group.

CONCLUSION

Combining static cartoons with dynamic virtual environments as effective as medication, specifically midazolam, in reducing preoperative anxiety and fear in preschool-aged children. This approach also improve their compliance during anesthesia induction and helped maintain their stable vital signs.
Risk factors for secondary infection after liver failure and effect of comprehensive nursing intervention
Authors: Zhang Wen-Wen , Chen Li , Wu Yu-Fang
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

In patients with liver failure (LF), the high rate of secondary infections, which are associated with poor prognosis, highlights the clinical significance of understanding the underlying risk factors and implementing targeted intervention programs.

AIM

To investigate risk factors for secondary infections in patients with LF and evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing interventions.

METHODS

This retrospective study included 64 patients with LF, including 32 with and 32 without secondary infections. A questionnaire was used to collect data on age; laboratory parameters, including total and direct bilirubin, prothrombin time, blood ammonia, and other biochemical parameters; invasive procedures; and complications. Patients with secondary infections received comprehensive nursing intervention in addition to routine nursing care, whereas those without secondary infections received only routine nursing care to compare the effect of nursing intervention on outcomes.

RESULTS

The infection rate, which was not associated with age or complications, was significantly associated with biochemical parameters and invasive procedures (P < 0.05). The infection rate was 61.6% in patients who had undergone invasive procedures and 32.1% in those who had not undergone invasive procedures during the hospital stay. The infection rate was also significantly associated with the type of LF (P < 0.05), with the lowest rate observed in patients with acute LF and the highest rate observed in those with subacute LF. The nursing satisfaction rate was 58.3% in the uninfected group and 91.7% in the infected group, indicating significantly higher satisfaction in the infected group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

In patients with LF, the rate of secondary infections was high and associated with biochemical parameters and type of LF. Comprehensive nursing intervention can improve patient satisfaction.
Effects of high-quality neurosurgical nursing care on improving clinical nursing quality
Authors: Li Xiu-Rong , Luo Qing-Lian
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

With continuous advancements in medical technology, neurosurgical nursing is constantly developing and improving to provide higher- quality nursing services.

AIM

To explore the effects of different types of high-quality nursing care on clinical nursing quality and patient satisfaction in neurosurgical nursing.

METHODS

Eighty patients who received neurosurgical treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June to December 2020 were selected as study participants and categorised into study and control groups. The study group comprised 40 patients who received 4 different types of high-quality nursing care, whereas the control group comprised 40 patients who received conventional nursing care. After a specific period, nursing satisfaction levels and adverse event and complication rates were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

Satisfaction with high-quality care was higher than that with conventional care, and high-quality health services and regional services showed the highest satisfaction levels, with an average score of 12 on the Glasgow scale. The satisfaction levels of the study and control groups were 75% and 57%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (t = 7.314, P < 0.05). During the nursing period, the adverse event and complication rates were the highest in patients with level III pathology grade and those who underwent neurosurgery (40.02% and 85.93%, respectively), and the difference was statistically significant.

CONCLUSION

In neurosurgical nursing, employing appropriate high-quality nursing methods can effectively reduce adverse event and complication rates in patients, thereby improving the quality of nursing care and increasing clinical nursing value.
Dapagliflozin and sacubitril on myocardial microperfusion in patients with post-acute myocardial infarction heart failure and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lv Yuan , Luo Wei-Jun
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexist, creating a complex and challenging clinical scenario, particularly when complicated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

AIM

To examine the effects of dapagliflozin combined with sakubactrovalsartan sodium tablets on myocardial microperfusion.

METHODS

In total, 98 patients were categorized into control (n = 47) and observation (n = 51) groups. The control group received noxital, while the observation group was treated with dapagliflozin combined with noxital for 6 months. Changes in myocardial microperfusion, blood glucose level, cardiac function, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) level, and other related factors were compared between the two groups. Additionally, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and adverse reactions were calculated.

RESULTS

After treatment, in the observation and control groups, the corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame counts were 37.12 ± 5.02 and 48.23 ± 4.66, respectively. The NT-proBNP levels were 1502.65 ± 255.87 and 2015.23 ± 286.31 pg/mL, the N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) levels were 1415.69 ± 213.05 and 1875.52 ± 241.02 ng/mL, the GDF-15 levels were 0.87 ± 0.43 and 1.21 ± 0.56 g/L, and the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were 6.54 ± 1.56 and 8.77 ± 1.94 mg/L, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The cumulative incidence of MACEs in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 13.73% (7/51) in the observation group and 10.64% (5/47) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Dapagliflozin combined with nocinto can improve myocardial microperfusion and left ventricular remodeling and reduce MACE incidence in patients with post-AMI heart failure and T2DM. The underlying mechanism may be related to the reduction in the expression levels of NT-proANP, GDF-15, and hs-CRP.
Serum activin A as a prognostic biomarker for community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Wang Yu-Ting , Liu Yan , Zhou Guang-Hui , Liu Kan , Fen Yan , Ding Hui
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

It is essential to develop new biomarker with effective prognostic roles because of the unclear clinical use of the current community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) predictors.

AIM

To evaluate the association between serum activin A levels and prognosis in CAP patients.

METHODS

A total of 168 CAP individuals grouped according to the severity and prognosis of illness condition, and 48 healthy individuals as the control group were enrolled in this study. Circulating concentrations of activin A were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays. The interaction between activin A levels and etiologies of CAP was determined. Based on the severity of CAP, 110 patients (65.48%) were categorized into group-I, 42 (25%) cases were grouped into group-II, and 16 (9.52%) cases were categorized into group-III.

RESULTS

Serum activin A levels were higher in patients with CAP than controls, but independent of etiology. Moreover, the scores of Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and CURB-65 positively correlated with the increasing levels of serum activin A, and were at their highest peak in individuals in group-III (P < 0.001). Combining activin A with CURB-65 or PSI was more effective in improving predictive property (P < 0.01). According to Cox proportional regression analysis, after adjusting clinical parameters, we confirmed that activin A showed a powerful predictive property for hospital mortality in CAP patients (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Higher level of serum activin A was associated with poor prognosis of CAP. Activin A can be used as a more valuable biomarker of prognosis in CAP patients.
Adrenaline in pulp capping treatment of reversible pulpitis
Authors: Yang Si-Yun , Wang Jin-Zhu , Fan Hao , Chen Min
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The role of epinephrine in the treatment of pulp capping in patients with reversible pulpitis is not clear.

AIM

To explore the role of epinephrine in the treatment of pulp capping in patients with reversible pulpitis.

METHODS

A total of 100 patients with reversible pulpitis who were treated in Anhui Jieshou People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were included in the study. They were categorized into an observation group (n = 50; treatment with adrenaline) and a control group (n = 50; treatment with zinc oxide eugenol paste). The 24-h postoperative pain, regression time of gingival congestion and redness, clinical efficacy, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the groups. Patients were further categorized into the ineffective and effective treatment groups based on clinical efficacy. Logistic multiple regression analysis explored factors affecting the efficacy of pulp capping treatment.

RESULTS

A significant difference in 24-h postoperative pain was observed between the groups (P < 0.05), with a higher proportion of grade I pain noted in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The regression time of gingival congestion and swelling was lower in the observation group (2.61 ± 1.44 d and 2.73 ± 1.36 d, respectively) than in the control group (3.85 ± 1.47 d and 4.28 ± 1.61 d, respectively) (P < 0.05). The 2-wk postoperative total effective rate was lower in the control group (80.00%) than in the observation group (94.00%) (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was not significantly different between the control (14.00%) and observation (12.00%) groups (P > 0.05). The proportion of adrenaline usage was lower (P < 0.05) and that of anaerobic digestion by Streptococcus and Fusobacterium nucleatum was higher in the ineffective treatment group than in the effective treatment group (P < 0.05). Logistic multiple regression analysis revealed adrenaline as a protective factor (P < 0.05) and anaerobic digestion by Streptococcus and F. nucleatum as risk factors for pulp capping in reversible pulpitis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Adrenaline demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in pulp capping treatment for reversible pulpitis, reducing pain and improving clinical symptoms safely. It is a protective factor for pulp capping, whereas Streptococcus and F. nucleatum are risk factors. Targeted measures can be implemented to improve clinical efficacy.
Effectiveness of onsite and online education in enhancing knowledge and use of human immunodeficiency virus pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis
Authors: Shao Ying , Zhang Mei , Sun Li-Jun , Zhang Hong-Wei , Liu An , Wang Xi , Xin Ruo-Lei , Li Jian-Wei , Ye Jiang-Zhu , Gao Yue , Wang Zhang-Li , Li Zai-Cun , Zhang Tong
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Enhancing awareness and use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is vital to curb human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spread. High-risk behaviors prevalent among sexually transmitted infection clinic outpatients underscore the need for increased PrEP/PEP education in this group.

AIM

To investigate the effects of both onsite and online health education on the knowledge of, and willingness to use, PrEP and PEP among individuals receiving PEP services.

METHODS

Participants were drawn from a cohort study on PEP service intervention at an STD/AIDS outpatient clinic in designated HIV/AIDS hospitals in Beijing, conducted from January 1 to June 30, 2022. Health education was provided both onsite and online during follow-up. Surveys assessing knowledge of, and willingness to use, PrEP/PEP were administered at baseline and again at 24 wk post-intervention.

RESULTS

A total of 112 participants were enrolled in the study; 105 completed the follow-up at week 24. The percentage of participants with adequate knowledge of, and willingness to use, PrEP significantly increased from 65.2% and 69.6% at baseline to 83.8% and 82.9% at the end of the intervention (both P < 0.05). Similarly, those with adequate knowledge of, and willingness to use, PEP increased from 74.1% and 77.7% at baseline to 92.4% and 89.5% at week 24 (P < 0.05). Being between 31 years and 40 years of age, having a postgraduate degree or higher, and reporting a monthly expenditure of RMB 5000 or more were found to be significantly associated with knowledge of PrEP and PEP (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The findings show that both onsite and online health education significantly improved the knowledge of, and increased willingness to use, PrEP and PEP in individuals utilizing PEP services.
Effects of comprehensive nursing with cognitive behavioral therapy in orthodontic osteodilated arch treatment
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Zeng-Xiang , Tian Yu-Xing , Peng Chao , Yang Hui-Ning , Wu Ying
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

This work explored the effects of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)-based comprehensive nursing intervention (CNI) mode in arch expansion to treat patients with orthodontic osteodilated arch (OOA).

AIM

To explore the application effect of CBT-based CNI model in orthodontic expansion arch treatment.

METHODS

Using convenient sampling method, 81 patients with OOA were selected and rolled into a control group (Ctrl group, 40 cases) and an observation group (Obs group, 41 cases). During the treatment, patients in the Ctrl group received routine nursing intervention mode, and the those in the Obs group received CBT mode on the basis of this. Before and after intervention, the incidence of oral mucositis, the mastery rate of correct arch expansion method, self-rating anxiety scale score, soft scale index, and plaque index were compared for patients in different groups. In addition, satisfaction and complications were comparatively analyzed.

RESULTS

Incidence of oral mucositis in the Obs group was lower (14.6% vs 38.5%), and the mastery rate of correct arch expansion method was obviously higher (90.2% vs 55.0%) was obviously higher (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the soft scale index and plaque index in the Obs group were much lower (P < 0.05). The compliance (90.24%) and satisfaction (95.12%) in the Obs group were greatly higher (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The CBT-based CNI mode greatly improved the mastery rate of correct arch expansion method during arch expansion in treating patients with OOA and enhanced the therapeutic effect of arch expansion and the oral health of patients, improving the patient compliance.
Meta-analysis and sequential analysis of acupuncture compared to carbamazepine in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Wei Li , Han Hui , Meng Jie , Li Xin , Yao Qing-Ping
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

In this randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing current acupuncture with carbamazepine for trigeminal neuralgia, meta- and sequential analyses were utilized.

AIM

To guide clinical decision making regarding the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with carbamazepine.

METHODS

The RCT literature on needle comparison was searched in various Chinese biomedical databases including Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Data, VIP Database, as well as international databases such as Excerpt Medica Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science, along with related clinical registration platforms such as World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registry Platform, ChiCTR, and Clinical Trials up to 1 April 2020. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaborative Risk Bias tool, primary outcome measures (pain reduction) were analyzed using STATA meta-analysis, outcome measures were analyzed using trial sequential analysis 0.9.5.10 Beta sequential analysis, GRADE was used to assess the evidence, and adverse reactions were documented.

RESULTS

This study analyzed 16 RCTs with a total of 1231 participants. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in pain reduction between acupuncture and carbamazepine [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.99; 1.95)], although the quality of evidence was deemed to be of extremely low quality. Cumulative meta-analysis based on the year of publication indicated that carbamazepine treatment first demonstrated a statistically significant difference in pain reduction in 2014 and remained relatively stable over time [SMD = 1.84; 95%CI: (0.22; 3.47)]. Additionally, the number of adverse events associated with acupuncture was significantly lower compared to carbamazepine.

CONCLUSION

Acupuncture for trigeminal neuralgia is better than analgesia and safer than carbamazepine; however, firm conclusions still require a high-quality, multicenter, large-sample RCT to confirm these findings.
Meta-analysis of the association between chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yang Fu , Shu Cheng-Jun , Wang Cai-Jun , Chen Ke
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Many scholars have performed several clinical studies have investigated the association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are still differences between these research results, and there is no unified conclusion. Therefore, a systematic review is required to understand this issue fully.

AIM

To explore the correlation between CP and CKD.

METHODS

Literature on the correlation between CP and CKD, as well as the clinical attachment level (CAL) and pocket probing depth (PPD) of CKD and non-CKD, were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science repositories until January 2024. After the effective data were extracted, data processing and statistics were performed using Stata 12.0.

RESULTS

Of the 22 studies, 13 were related to CP and CKD, and 9 reported CAL and PPD in patients with CKD and healthy controls. Meta-analysis of the correlation between CP and CKD revealed that CKD probability in people with CP was 1. 54 times that of healthy individuals [relative risk = 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40–1.70], and CP incidence in patients with CKD was 1. 98 times that of healthy individuals [overall risk (OR) = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.53–2.57]. Meta-analysis of CAL and PPD evaluations between CKD patients and healthy individuals showed that CAL and PPD levels were higher in CKD patients [standard mean difference (SMD) of CAL = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.29–1.01; SMD of PPD = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.02–0.63].

CONCLUSION

A bidirectional association exists between CP and CKD. CKD risk is increased in CP patients and vice versa. Periodontal tissue or tooth loss risks increase over time in CKD patients.
Feasibility of acupuncture as an adjunct intervention for ovulatory disorder infertility: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yu-Qi , Shen Tao , Lv Ying , Shen Mei-Hong
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Acupuncture (AT) is widely used in treatment of ovulatory disorder infertility (ODI), but the safety and efficacy of AT for ODI still lack an evidence-based basis.

AIM

To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of AT as an adjunct intervention for ODI.

METHODS

The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and Chinese biomedical literature databases were searched from inception to January 20, 2024. Two reviewers independently selected studies, collected data, and evaluated methodological quality through the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Revman 5.4 was used for meta-analysis, and the Grade system was performed to evaluate the level of evidence for the outcomes of the meta-analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 20 randomized controlled trials with 1677 ODI patients were included. Compared with the clomiphene citrate (CC) group, the AT plus CC group exhibited significant improvement of the pregnancy rate [relative risk (RR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45-1.95, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 23%], ovulation rate (RR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.22-1.47, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 32%), serum E2 level [mean difference (MD) = 31.36, 95%CI: 21.83-40.88, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 97%], thickness of endometrium (MD = 1.76, 95%CI: 0.71-2.81, P = 0.001, I 2 = 98%) and decreasing miscarriage rate (RR = 0.25, 95%CI: 0.09-0.65, P = 0.005, I 2 = 0%), serum follicle-stimulating hormone level (MD = -2.10, 95%CI: -3.27 to -0.94, P = 0.0004, I 2 = 99%), serum luteinizing hormone level (MD = -6.94, 95%CI: -9.89 to -4.00, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 100%), and serum progesterone level (MD = -1.66, 95%CI: -2.98 to -0.34, P = 0.01, I 2 = 96%). The AT group had a more favorable effect than CC group for improving pregnancy rate (RR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.33-1.73, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 0%), thickness of endometrium (MD = 2.48, 95%CI: 2.15-2.81, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 0%) and reducing miscarriage rate (RR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.13-0.44, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 0%), serum follicle-stimulating hormone level (MD = -0.55, 95%CI: -0.86 to -0.24, P = 0.0005, I 2 = 0%), and serum progesterone level (MD = -0.24, 95%CI: -0.28 to -0.20, P < 0.00001). However, the level of evidence was predominantly assessed as very low to moderate.

CONCLUSION

AT can improve the pregnancy outcomes and sex hormone levels for patients with ODI. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of a child with Sotos syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A case report
Authors: Yang Ya-Jing , Li Bei-Yi , Gan Ke-Xin , Liu Jing , Lv Xiu-Qin , Zhang Dong-Mei , Ma Hui-Juan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Sotos syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, whereas attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition. This report aimed to summarize the clinical and genetic features of a pediatric case of Soros syndrome and ADHD in a child exhibiting precocious puberty.

CASE SUMMARY

The patient presented with accelerated growth and advanced skeletal maturation; however, she lacked any distinct facial characteristics related to specific genetic disorders. Genetic analyses revealed a paternally inherited heterozygous synonymous mutation [c.4605C>T (p.Arg1535Arg)]. Functional analyses suggested that this mutation may disrupt splicing, and bioinformatics analyses predicted that this mutation was likely pathogenic. After an initial diagnosis of Sotos syndrome, the patient was diagnosed with ADHD during the follow-up period at the age of 8 years and 7 months.

CONCLUSION

The potential for comorbid ADHD in Sotos syndrome patients should be considered to avoid the risk of a missed diagnosis.
Heterotopic pancreas in the gallbladder: A case report
Authors: Wang Ting , Jiang Jing , Guo Ling-Ling , Chen Xu , Chen Er-Bao
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Heterotopic pancreas (HP) refers to pancreatic tissue located in areas with no vascular or anatomical connection to the pancreas. HP occurs mostly in the stomach, duodenum, and colon, and rarely in the gallbladder.

CASE SUMMARY

A 57-year-old woman was referred to our hospital complaining of right upper quadrant discomfort for 3 years. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed adenomyomatosis with a thickened fundus of the gallbladder. The patient underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and pathological examination unexpectedly showed heterotopic pancreatic tissue in the gallbladder. The patient had a favorable recovery and was discharged on postoperative day 3. She did not report any symptoms or complications at the 6-mo postoperative follow-up. Pathologists should pay close attention to such pancreatic tissue and carefully examine it for dysplasia or malignancy.

CONCLUSION

This case provides more information about HP in the gallbladder, a rare occurrence.
Acquired methemoglobinemia in a third trimester puerpera and her premature infant with sodium nitrite poisoning: A case report
Authors: Fei Dong-Sheng , Gao Yang , Bao Xue-Jiao , Tang Yu-Jia , Lin Yi-Lu , Xu Jia-Xi , Zhang Jia-Ning , Liu Bo-Wen , Kang Kai
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The common cause of sodium nitrite poisoning has shifted from previous accidental intoxication by exposure or ingestion of contaminated water and food to recent alarming intentional intoxication as an employed method of suicide/exit. The subsequent formation of methemoglobin (MetHb) restricts oxygen transport and utilization in the body, resulting in functional hypoxia at the tissue level. In clinical practice, a mismatch of cyanotic appearance and oxygen partial pressure usually contributes to the identification of methemoglobinemia. Prompt recognition of characteristic mismatch and accurate diagnosis of sodium nitrite poisoning are prerequisites for the implementation of standardized systemic interventions.

CASE SUMMARY

A pregnant woman was admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University due to consciousness disorders and drowsiness 2 h before admission. Subsequently, she developed vomiting and cyanotic skin. The woman underwent orotracheal intubation, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and correction of internal environment disturbance in the ICU. Her premature infant was born with a higher-than-normal MetHb level of 3.3%, and received detoxification with methylene blue and vitamin C, supplemental vitamin K1, an infusion of fresh frozen plasma, as well as respiratory support via orotracheal intubation and IMV. On day 3 after admission, the puerpera regained consciousness, evacuated the IMV, and resumed enteral nutrition. She was then transferred to the maternity ward 24 h later. On day 7 after admission, the woman recovered and was discharged without any sequelae.

CONCLUSION

MetHb can cross through the placental barrier. Level of MetHb both reflects severity of the sodium nitrite poisoning and serves as feedback on therapeutic effectiveness.
Monodermal teratoma: Three case reports and review of literature
Authors: He Ling-Yu , Li Wei
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The incidence of monodermal teratomas of the reproductive system is low, and most doctors lack adequate understanding, which can easily lead to missed diagnoses and/or misdiagnosis. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of monodermal teratomas of the reproductive system.

CASE SUMMARY

Case 1: A 14-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with a right testicular mass for 1 wk and underwent surgical resection. He was finally diagnosed with right testicular monodermal teratoma with no special postoperative discomfort. Case 2: A 40-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for uterine abnormalities indicated by ultrasound 20 d prior and underwent laparoscopic surgery. She was finally diagnosed with a left ovarian monodermal teratoma with a satisfactory postoperative quality of life. Case 3: A 49-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a pelvic mass that was discovered on B-ultrasound a week prior and underwent laparoscopic resection of the left adnexa. She was finally diagnosed with left ovarian monodermal teratoma, and her postoperative quality of life was satisfactory.

CONCLUSION

Monodermal teratoma is a rare tumor whose clinical manifestations are primarily benign. Simple surgical resection of the tumor is effective.
Fatal intratumoral hemorrhage in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma following successful treatment with atezolizumab/bevacizumab: A case report
Authors: Park Kyeong-Hoon , Yoo Jeong-Ju , Kim Sang Gyune , Kim Young Seok
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Atezolizumab/bevacizumab is emerging as the new standard for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with ongoing real-world implementation to study its effectiveness. As the use of atezolizumab/bevacizumab increases, various side effects have been reported in clinical practice, most notably increased bleeding caused by bevacizumab.

CASE SUMMARY

In this case report, we present a rare and fatal case of intratumoral hemorrhage in a patient with advanced HCC following successful treatment with atezolizumab/bevacizumab. A 63-year-old male diagnosed with HCC initially underwent four cycles of intra-arterial chemotherapy. However, follow-up abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed disease progression. Subsequently, the treatment plan was modified to atezolizumab/bevacizumab. After the fifth cycle of atezolizumab/bevacizumab, CT showed partial regression of HCC. One week later, he visited the emergency room due to severe abrupt abdominal pain. Abdominal CT revealed focal rupture of HCC in the medial segment inferior portion with active bleeding and a large amount of hemoperitoneum. Angiography was performed on the same day, and embolization of A4 and A8 branches using lipiodol and gelfoam was implemented. Despite successful hemostasis, the patient subsequently developed liver failure and died.

CONCLUSION

Atezolizumab/bevacizumab for advanced HCC suggests that intratumoral hemorrhage may be crucial despite good tumor response after immunotherapy, emphasizing the continuous monitoring of this side effect.
Multiple pulp stones emerge across all teeth during mixed dentition: A case report
Authors: Lv Yuan , Zhu Jie , Fu Cheng-Tao , Liu Le , Wang Jing , Li Yan-Feng
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

This paper reports a rare presentation of multiple pulp stones (PSs) emerging in all teeth during mixed dentition. It offers valuable insights into the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of multiple PSs, shedding light on their occurrence during the mixed dentition period.

CASE SUMMARY

A 10-year-old girl presented with repeated pain in the mandibular right posterior teeth. Intraoral examination revealed carious lesions, abnormal tooth shapes, and anomalies in tooth number. Radiographic examinations showed multiple PSs with diverse shapes, sizes, and quantities in all teeth, alongside anomalies in tooth shape and number. Root canal therapy was initiated, but the patient initially lacked timely follow-up. Upon return for treatment completion, an extracted tooth revealed irregular calculus within the pulp cavity.

CONCLUSION

This case underscores the importance of considering multiple PSs in mixed dentition, necessitating comprehensive evaluation and management strategies.
Diagnosis and treatment of refractory infectious diseases using nanopore sequencing technology: Three case reports
Authors: Deng Qing-Mei , Zhang Jian , Zhang Yi-Yong , Jia Min , Ding Du-Shan , Fang Yu-Qin , Wang Hong-Zhi , Gu Hong-Cang
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Infectious diseases are still one of the greatest threats to human health, and the etiology of 20% of cases of clinical fever is unknown; therefore, rapid identification of pathogens is highly important. Traditional culture methods are only able to detect a limited number of pathogens and are time-consuming; serologic detection has window periods, false-positive and false-negative problems; and nucleic acid molecular detection methods can detect several known pathogens only once. Three-generation nanopore sequencing technology provides new options for identifying pathogens.

CASE SUMMARY

Case 1: The patient was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain for three days and cessation of defecation for five days, accompanied by cough and sputum. Nanopore sequencing of the drainage fluid revealed the presence of oral-like bacteria, leading to a clinical diagnosis of bronchopleural fistula. Cefoperazone sodium sulbactam treatment was effective. Case 2: The patient was admitted to the hospital with fever and headache, and CT revealed lung inflammation. Antibiotic treatment for Streptococcus pneumoniae , identified through nanopore sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid, was effective. Case 3: The patient was admitted to our hospital with intermittent fever and an enlarged neck mass that had persisted for more than six months. Despite antibacterial treatment, her symptoms worsened. The nanopore sequencing results indicate that voriconazole treatment is effective for Aspergillus brookii . The patient was diagnosed with mixed cell type classical Hodgkin's lymphoma with infection.

CONCLUSION

Three-generation nanopore sequencing technology allows for rapid and accurate detection of pathogens in human infectious diseases.
Dermatoscope for the diagnosis of erythema with purpura induced by lidocaine/prilocaine cream: A case report
Authors: Lin Xiu , Jiang Jin-Dou , Guo Xue-Zhen , Hu Kui-Kui
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a local anesthetic that is applied to the skin or mucosa during painful therapeutic procedures with few reported side effects.

CASE SUMMARY

Here, we report the use of dermatoscopy to identify a case of erythema with purpura, a rare side effect, after the application of 5% EMLA cream.

CONCLUSION

We conclude that erythema with purpura is caused by irritation and toxicity associated with EMLA, but the specific mechanism by which the toxic substance affects skin blood vessels is unclear. In response to this situation and for cosmetic needs, we recommend tranexamic acid, in addition to routine therapy, to prevent changes in pigmentation in patients with dermatitis.
Rare primary colonic T cell lymphoma with curative resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection: A case report
Authors: Sun Yu-Hui , Lu Shuang-Shuang , Fang Ying , Xiong Zhe , Sun Qiu-Yue , Huang Jin
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The gastrointestinal tract is a well-known extranodal site of lymphoma. B-cell lymphoma is the most common type, while T-cell lymphoma is uncommon. Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma mainly occurs in the stomach and small intestine, and the colon is less frequently involved, especially in females.

CASE SUMMARY

A 45-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for physical examination. Gastroenteroscopy revealed a visible pedunculated polyp in the transverse colon, for which endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed. Pathology suggested highly active proliferation of T lymphocytes with atypical hyperplasia.

CONCLUSION

A middle-aged female patient was found to have colonic T-cell lymphoma by endoscopy. The lesion was successfully removed by ESD, and the surgical margin was negative. It is essential to raise awareness of colonic T-cell lymphoma and choose the appropriate treatment.
Surgical management of adult hand macrodactyly in a 49-year-old patient: A case report
Authors: Pang Chao-Jian , Huo Xiao-Yan , Liu Yuan , Yang Zong-You , Liu Lu , Fan Xiao-Bo , Xu Shang-Wen
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Macrodactyly is a rare congenital malformation characterized by an increase in the size of all structures of a digit, accounting for less than 1% of all congenital upper extremity conditions.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a case involving a 49-year-old woman who presented for the first time with untreated, radial-sided hand macrodactyly. We performed soft tissue debulking, amputation, median nerve neurotomy and coaptation, and carpal tunnel release. At the 6-year follow-up, no significant growth was observed in the bone or soft tissue of the affected area.

CONCLUSION

Tissue overgrowth in patients with progressive macrodactyly can continue and progress excessively with age. Median nerve neurotomy and coaptation play a crucial role in preventing recurrence of the deformity.
Concomitant atypical knee gout and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis: A case report
Authors: Chen Zhou-Yi , Ou-Yang Min-Hua , Li Shao-Wei , Ou Rui , Chen Zhi-Huang , Wei Song
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Gout and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (SNRA) are two distinct inflammatory joint diseases whose co-occurrence is relatively infrequently reported. Limited information is available regarding the clinical management and prognosis of these combined diseases.

CASE SUMMARY

A 57-year-old woman with a 20-year history of joint swelling, tenderness, and morning stiffness who was negative for rheumatoid factor and had a normal uric acid level was diagnosed with SNRA. The initial regimen of methotrexate, leflunomide, and celecoxib alleviated her symptoms, except for those associated with the knee. After symptom recurrence after medication cessation, her regimen was updated to include iguratimod, methotrexate, methylprednisolone, and folic acid, but her knee issues persisted. Minimally invasive needle-knife scope therapy revealed proliferating pannus and needle-shaped crystals in the knee, indicating coexistent SNRA and atypical knee gout. After postarthroscopic surgery to remove the synovium and urate crystals, and following a tailored regimen of methotrexate, leflunomide, celecoxib, benzbromarone, and allopurinol, her knee symptoms were significantly alleviated with no recurrence observed over a period of more than one year, indicating successful management of both conditions.

CONCLUSION

This study reports the case of a patient concurrently afflicted with atypical gout of the knee and SNRA and underscores the significance of minimally invasive joint techniques as effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the field of rheumatology and immunology.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm in Jinhua, China: Two case reports
Authors: Cai Jia-Wei , Li Meng-Yao , Wang Wei-Hao , Shi Hong-Qi , Yang Yi-Hui , Chen Jia-Jun
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and clinically aggressive hematologic malignancy originating from the precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. BPDCN often involves the skin, lymph nodes, and bone marrow, with rapid clinical progression and a poor prognosis. The BPDCN diagnosis is mainly based on the immunophenotype.

CASE SUMMARY

In this paper, we retrospectively analyzed 2 cases of BPDCN. Both patients were elderly males. The lesions manifested as skin masses. Morphological manifestations included diffuse and dense tumor cell infiltration of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that cluster of differentiation CD4, CD56, CD43, and CD123 were positive.

CONCLUSION

In this paper, we retrospectively analyzed 2 cases of BPDCN. Both patients were elderly males. The lesions manifested as skin masses. Morphological manifestations included diffuse and dense tumor cell infiltration of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that cluster of differentiation CD4, CD56, CD43, and CD123 were positive.
Recurrent herpes infection showing a new facial phenotype: A case report
Authors: Bae Eun Bit
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Facial herpes is a common form of the herpes simplex virus-1 infection and usually presents as vesicles near the mouth, nose, and periocular sites. In contrast, we observed a new facial symptom of herpes on the entire face without vesicles.

CASE SUMMARY

A 33-year-old woman with a history of varicella infection and shingles since an early age presented with sarcoidosis of the entire face and neuralgia without oral lesions. The patient was prescribed antiviral treatment with valacyclovir and acyclovir cream. One day after drug administration, facial skin lesions and neurological pain improved. Herpes simplex without oral blisters can easily be misdiagnosed as pimples upon visual examination in an outpatient clinic.

CONCLUSION

As acute herpes simplex is accompanied by neuralgia, prompt diagnosis and prescription are necessary, considering the pathological history and health conditions.
Lichen diversity and taxonomy in Bukit Barisan Grand Forest Park, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: ATNI OKY KUSUMA , MUNIR ERMAN , SIREGAR ETTI SARTINA , SALEH M. N.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Atni OK, Munir E, Siregar ES, Saleh MN. 2024. Lichen diversity and taxonomy in Bukit Barisan Grand Forest Park, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1623-1630. Located in Bandar Baru Village, Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Bukit Barisan Grand Forest Park stands out for its uniqueness and high biodiversity, including lichens. This study aims to identify and map lichen diversity in the research area. Surveys were conducted from January to February 2024 using an exploratory method along designated tracks. Therefore, 57 lichen species from 23 families and 38 genera were found. Based on their thallus types, 26 lichen species were identified as crustose, 17 as foliose, 6 as squamulose, 5 as fruticose, and 3 as filamentous. Reproductive structures varied, 13 species possessed apothecia, soredia, and lacked distinguishable reproductive structures, 10 had lirellae, 7 had perithecia, and 2 had isidia. Graphidaceae emerged as the most prevalent family with 8 species, predominantly growing on bark substrates. Although lichen distribution correlated with pH levels, its correlation with the preference for lower pH levels was low. Host trees from the Pinaceae and Lauraceae families were the most populated by lichens in this study. Research on lichen diversity in Bukit Barisan Grand Forest Park is crucial, considering the increasing development and deforestation in North Sumatra. A more comprehensive study of lichens is urgently required.
Trypan blue dye decolorization by Aeromonas caviae isolated from water sewage in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: PINONTOAN REINHARD , SUSANTO TAN STEVEN RYAN , LUCY JAP , ANGELINA CHRISTINE , SOENTORO SAMUEL EMMANUEL , PURNOMO JONATHAN SUCIONO , CORNELIA MELANIE
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Pinontoan R, Susanto TSR, Lucy J, Angelina C, Soentoro SE, Purnomo JS, Cornelia M. 2024. Trypan blue dye decolorization by Aeromonas caviae isolated from water sewage in Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1631-1637. The textile industry generates a substantial amount of hazardous chemical waste, which requires proper treatment to mitigate negative environmental and health consequences if left untreated. Studies on the removal of Trypan Blue (TB), a widely used commercial diazo textile dye, by indigenous bacteria are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterize microorganisms capable of decolorizing TB in textile dye-contaminated wastewater from Jakarta. Microorganisms were initially screened for decolorization activity in solid media containing TB. Among the isolated strains, TB2 isolate exhibited the highest decolorizing potential and was selected for further analysis. The morphological, biochemical, molecular, and phylogenetic characteristics of the TB2 isolate revealed that it belonged to the species Aeromonas caviae. To examine the ability of the isolate to remove TB, various culture conditions, such as pH, temperature, and agitation, were tested. The results demonstrated that the A. caviae TB2 strain could reduce up to 77.10% of TB (0.0025% (w/v)) under static conditions, pH 7.0, and 27°C over six days. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the ability of the Aeromonas genus to decolorize TB. These results imply the potential use of A. caviae for decolorizing dye-bearing industrial wastewater.
Biodiversity, ecology, and bionomic aspects of Anopheles mosquitoes during the dry season in southern Sumatra
Authors: DALILAH DALILAH , ANWAR CHAIRIL , SYAFRUDDIN DIN , PAHLEPI R. IRPAN , SALEH IRSAN
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Dalilah D, Anwar C, Syafruddin D, Saleh I, Pahlepi RI. 2024. Biodiversity, ecology, and bionomic aspects of Anopheles mosquitoes during the dry season in southern Sumatra. Biodiversitas 25: 1644-1654. South Sumatra and Lampung are western parts of Indonesia’s provinces that are endemic to malaria. This study aimed to determine Anopheles mosquitoes’ diversity, ecology, and biting behavior in both provinces. Understanding the diversity, ecology, and bionomy of Anopheles supports malaria elimination in endemic areas as well as surveillance of vectors in malaria-eliminated areas. The study was conducted during the dry season from June to July 2023. Mosquitoes were collected from southern Sumatra, Indonesia, i.e. Segara Kembang Village in Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) District, South Sumatra Province, as well as Gayau and Durian Villages in Pesawaran District, Lampung Province. Adult mosquitoes were caught by human landing, resting, and cattle bait collection, while larvae were collected with dippers in the breeding habitat. A total of 4426 mosquitoes from 8 species of Anopheles were identified based on their morphology. The diversity index of Anopheles from all sample areas during this season was low (H’<1). Anopheles barbirostris s.l. and An. vagus found in habitats such as paddy fields and former fish ponds in OKU and Pesawaran District. As for abandoned shrimp ponds in Pesawaran, An. sundaicus s.l. and An. subpictus s.l. were the dominant ones. Mosquito An. sundaicus s.l seems to have a greater tendency to bite humans, whereas An. subpictus s.l was generally zoophilic. An. vagus was always present in all collection methods in all villages, with the greatest abundance in OKU. The finding indicates An. vagus appears to be the most variable in the behavior of all captured mosquitoes; therefore, in the future, it may be able to act as a major vector if transmission is not prevented.