bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluate Cardiopulmonary markers, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers among healthy people with and without a history of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mohd Amrullah  , Dr. Shreya Nigoskar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for around 90% of all cases of diabetes. In T2DM, the response to insulin is diminished, and this is defined as insulin resistance. During this state, insulin is ineffective and is initially countered by an increase in insulin production to maintain glucose homeostasis, but over time, insulin production decreases, resulting in T2DM. T2DM is most commonly seen in persons older than 45 years. Still, it is increasingly seen in children, adolescents, and younger adults due to rising levels of obesity, physical inactivity, and energy-dense diets. This is a Prospective, Cross sectional, Randomization, Observational study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Index Medical College. Inclusion Criteria: Controls without family history of type 2 diabetes: Healthy subjects in the age group of 18 - 30 years of either Gender. Cases with family history of type 2 diabetes either gender age group of 18 - 30 years of Age. Individuals who are using any medicines for any health condition to restrict in performing submaximal exercise. Total cholesterol (TC) in 18-21 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 209.34 + 14.85 mg/dl then control group 163.26 + 23.81 mg/dl (p=0.001), also Total cholesterol (TC) in 22-25 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 211.29 + 16.61 mg/dl then control group 177.42 + 27.98 mg/dl (p=0.001). HDL in 18-21 years in Case Group showed a decrease in Mean 39.35 +5.56 mg/dl then control group 40.87 + 6.20 mg/dl (p=0.167), too HDL in 22-25 years in Case Group showed a decrease in Mean 40.87 +6.22 mg/dl then control group 43.97 + 6.93 mg/dl (p=0.173). Triglycerides (TGL) in 18-21 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 144.07 + 9.96 mg/dl then control group 123.44 + 18.87 mg/dl (p<0.0001), in addition Triglycerides (TGL) in 22-25 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 147.48 + 16.70 mg/dl then control group 130.08 + 20.03 mg/dl (p=0.0147). LDL in 18-21 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 141.60 + 16.24 mg/dl then control group 97.71 + 16.87 mg/dl (p=0.650), similar LDL in 22-25 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 140.92 + 18.80 mg/dl then control group 107.43 + 19.54 mg/dl (p=0.841). VLDL in 1-21 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 28.74 + 2.02 mg/dl then control group 24.68 + 3.77 mg/dl (p<0.0001), moreover VLDL in 22-25 years in Case Group showed an increase in Mean 29.49 + 3.34 mg/dl then control group 26.02 + 4.01 mg/dl.
Efficacy of Intrathecal Nalbuphine Over Fentanyl as Adjuvant with Ropivacaine in Lower Abdominal and Lower Limb Surgeries
Authors: Dimmiti Dinesh Raja  , Vanagondi Sivakumar  , Doli Suresh Chander, Nagasri Sowmya
Published: April 2024

Background: Ropivacaine also showed the advantage of lesser motor blockade making it preferable when early mobilization is suggested. This helps to hasten the postoperative recovery [3]. Since its introduction into market in 1996, Ropivacaine has been put to extensive use in epidural, intrathecal and peripheral nerve blocks. Objectives: To measure, compare and analyse the below mentioned parameters at regular intervals among subjects undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. Material & Methods: A prospective, randomized, comparative study. The study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences a tertiary care centre in Hyderabad. All the patients who were undergoing the elective lower abdominal and limb surgeries in the department of anesthesiology during the study period. Study consisted of 60 cases. Simple random method. All the patients meeting the inclusion criteria were taken into the study. A pre- designed, pre-tested, semi structured and pre-coded proforma was used for recording all the findings. After obtaining Ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee, study was conducted. Results: Comparison of the Modified Ramsay Sedation Score between the two groups shows that Modified Ramsay Sedation Score at 30, 120, 150 and 180 mins is higher in GROUP-N and is statistically not significant with a p value of > 0.05. Comparison of the Modified Ramsay Sedation Score between the two groups shows that Modified Ramsay Sedation Score at 60 and 90 mins is higher in GROUP-N and is statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001. Conclusion: To conclude, Nalbuphine (500μg) seems to be an attractive alternative to 25μg Fentanyl as an adjuvant to spinal ropivacine in surgical procedures as it provides good quality of intraoperative analgesia, hemodynamically stable conditions, and excellent quality of postoperative analgesia as per our study.
Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Singleton Pregnant Womena and Perinatal Outcome Using TSH Levels as a Screening Tool
Authors: Dr. Girish S.P.  , Dr. Sainani Rahul Raju
Published: April 2024

Background: Thyroid dysfunction comes from poor adjustment to changes in the mother's thyroid function during pregnancy. Higher thyroid hormone-binding globulin (TBG) concentration, increased iodine clearance in the kidneys, and the thyrotrophic impact of human chorionic gonadotropin are some of the causes of these changes in thyroid function (HCG). Objectives: 1. To study the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women using TSH levels as a screening tool. 2. To evaluate the Perinatal outcome in detected hypothyroid cases. Material & Methods: Prospective hospital based cross – sectional study. Study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gayatri Vidya Parishad Institute of Healthcare & Medical Technology, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh over a period of 1 year. Pregnant women attending to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for the routine check-ups. Simple Random sampling method. This study involves screening 200 consenting eligiblewomen. The normal patients served as controls. The patients were classified as euthyroid, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid based on their TSH levels. Those with deranged TSH levels will undergo free T4 testing and they will be further divided into subclinical and overt hypothyroid patients these patients will be formed into study groups. Results: In this study, out of all hypothyroid women 37.5% had complications and 62.5% had no complications. 5.6% of the adequately treated hypothyroid women and 78.6% of the inadequately treated hypothyroid women had complications. There was a statistically significant difference in the pregnancy outcome amongst hypothyroid women based on the adequacy of treatment. The occurrence of complications was high in inadequately treated women. (Chi square value= 17.35, p value = <0.0001) Conclusion: In my study, the prevalence of hypothyroidism was found to be 16% and majority of complications were found to occur in patients who were treated inadequately. Thus, universal thyroid screening in pregnancy meets the majority of the criteria for a beneficial and cost-effective screening programme, and it holds promise for improving foetal and maternal outcomes.
Study of risk factor and feto-maternal outcome in pregnancy with jaundice
Authors: Surendra Nath Soren  , Swopna Susmita Majhi  , Snehashree Samal  , Mahija Sahu  , Ankita Panigrahi
Published: April 2024

Jaundice is defined as yellowish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes due to increase in serum bilirubin levels. Jaundice is clinically visible when bilirubin level exceeds 3mg%, the normal level being 0.2-0.8%. Liver is one of the organs affected during pregnancy due to hormonal and metabolic changes. Metabolic, synthetic and excretory functions of the liver are affected by the increased levels of estrogen and progesterone levels in pregnancy. Aims And Objective: To study the etiology of jaundice and maternal outcomes in terms of termination, maternal complications and mortality and neonatal outcomes of pregnancy with jaundice. Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study including 150 patients of pregnancy with jaundice carried out over 3 years (2019-2022) in a tertiary care hospital of Berhampur, Odisha. Liver function test like serum bilirubin total, direct and indirect, serum protein, albumin and globulin, serum transaminases, alkaline phosphate, CT, BT, CBC, Coagulation profile and viral markers were studied. Results: Patient were between age group of 25-30 years from lower socioeconomic status with maximum being primigravida. Around 52% of patients presented at a gestational age >38 wks. Around 68% of case had total bilirubin < 5 mg%.100% of patients presented with yellowish discoloration of sclera or urine. 54% of patients presented with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, 36% patients landed in PPH. 57.33% patients delivered vaginally. Conclusion: Jaundice in pregnancy has adverse feto-maternal outcome. It should be managed as a team of Obstetrician in collaboration with Physician, Gastroenterologist, Anesthetist and Neonatologist. Improvement in health education, regular ANC, and early referrals result in early diagnosis and treatment of jaundice during pregnancy and reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
Morphological and Morphometric study of Mandible using Orthopantogram (OPG) in central Indian Population
Authors: Mohammed Younus  , Dr. Naresh Thaduri
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The mandible is the biggest bone responsible for holding the lower teeth in place, assisting in mastication, and forming the lower jawline. The mandible is made up of two parts: the body and the ramus, and it is placed below the maxilla. The lower jawline is formed by a horizontally curved section of the body. The rami are two vertical processes that link the body at the angle of the mandible on either side of the body. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on 150 digital orthopantogram (OPG’S). A total number of patient’s time of life selected between ranges of 20-60 years of age group. The sample was of 150 subjects. Data was collected from college who will come for OPD. Socio-demography, physical findings on examination during admission. Details of patient, parity, age and gender would be recorded. Results: Mandibular ramus of male Mean (mm)±SD of Minimum ramus breadth was 29.26±3.01 followed by Maximum ramus breadth 34.30±3.31, Maximum ramus height 75.24±5.62, Projective ramus height 69.25±5.54 and Coronoid height 62.49±5.60. Mandibular ramus of female Mean (mm)±SD of Minimum ramus breadth was 27.62±3.62 followed by Maximum ramus breadth 32.36±3.37, Maximum ramus height 70.33±5.34, Projective ramus height 64.20±5.76 and Coronoid height 58.19±5.74. Each of the five variables measured on mandibular ramus using orthopantomograph showed statistically significant gender differences, indicating that ramus expresses strong gender dimorphism. Conclusion: The present study has suggested that the accuracy of gender determination using mandibular measurements of the Indian population can be improved by deriving a discriminant function, which utilizes a combination of the six respective dimensions. Our study showed that minimum ramus breadth and maximum ramus breadth are most accurate in predicting gender on OPG while projective height was least reliable. Orthopantomogram is a reliable and accurate tool to record the various measurements in order to determine the gender of the given mandible.
Role Of Computed Tomography in Evaluating Mediastinal Masses
Authors: Dr. Ashish S Rudrawadi  , Dr. Mandava Sai Raghav Chowdary  , Dr. Muthaiah Adaikkappan
Published: April 2024

Background: The diaphragm is located inferiorly, the thoracic inlet is located superiorly, and the pleural cavities are located laterally to define the mediastinum. According to various anatomists 4 it is further split into anterior, middle, and posterior compartments. Including thymoma, teratoma, thyroid illness, and lymphoma, anterior mediastinal tumours make up 50% of all mediastinal masses.5 While tumours that develop in the posterior mediastinum are frequently neurogenic tumours, middle mediastinum masses are typically congenital cysts. Objectives: 1. To study the computed tomographic characteristics of Mediastinal lesion/masses in Plain and Contrast enhanced scans. 2. To locate, differentiate and diagnose mediastinal masses. Material & Methods: A prospective hospital based observational study. Department of Radio diagnosis, Al Ameen Medical College & Hospital, Vijayapura, Karnataka. All cases referred to the department of Radio-Diagnosis for clinically suspected Mediastinal masses. study consisted of 40 subjects. Purposive sampling technique. All the cases were studied on a SIEMENS ACQUISITION computed tomography machine. Patients were kept nil orally 4 hrs prior to the CT scan to avoid complications while administrating contrast medium. Risks of contrast administration were explained to the patient and consent was obtained prior to the contrast study. Results: CT and Histopathology Diagnosis was Malignant in 90.0%, Benign in 100.0%. CT was Benign and Histopathology Diagnosis was Malignant in 10%. There was a significant difference in CT and HPE classification of mediastinal masses and comparison. Conclusion: we conclude that computed tomography definitely has a major role to play in the evaluation of a mediastinal mass regarding the compartmental distribution, mass effect upon adjacent structure and provisional diagnosis with Sensitivity of 90 % and Diagnostic Accuracy of 97.5%.
A Prospective Study on Haemotological Profile of Sickle Disease
Authors: Kinjal G. Patel  , Chintu Chaudhari
Published: April 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) refers to a category of inherited hemoglobin (Hb) disorders. The pathophysiology of sickle Hb (HbS) variant emerges from the polymerization of the ensuing HbS variant, which triggers a chain of erythrocyte alterations and the disorder is known to be caused by a single-nucleotide substitution at position 6 of the globin gene. Both acute and chronic sequelae cause significant morbidity in people with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics and Sickle Cell Anemia Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Prathima institute of medical sciences, Karimnagar India, between June 2019-Feb 2020.Most of patients were from tribal background and lower socioeconomic status. Before conducting the study, permission was obtained from the Ethical Clearance Committee. Results: A total of 37 children’s homozygous (SS) (mean age 11.6±3.4 years) for sickle cell anaemia was studied for their haematological parameters. Out of the total SS subjects, 26 were males and 11 were females. Males to female’s sex ratio: 2.3. 6 years to 14 years of childrens were taken. Mean (SD) age of male was 9.4 (3.29) years whereas SD age of female was 9.59 (3.59) years. Haematological value of study are mentioned below. Conclusion: We conclude that moderate to severe anemia with, lowMCV and high HbF dominate the hematological profile.
A study on Clinical features and management of Paraquat poisoning
Authors: Dr Veera Babu Vadlani  , Dr Shaik Arif Pasha  , Dr V. Siva Prabodh  , Dr Geethika Chandra Potluri
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Paraquat is a widely used herbicide and a potent toxin. Ingestion, rather than inhalation, is the typical route of exposure associated with human toxicity. There have been systemic reactions following skin exposure after direct exposure to the skin (soaking of the skin with paraquat) or when the skin integrity has been breached (preexisting skin lesions or burn).Most paraquat deaths result from suicidal intent. Although paraquat ingestion leads to acute gastrointestinal tract necrosis and multiorgan failure, the lung is the target organ for toxicity among those surviving the immediate postingestion period. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Critical Care at NRI Medical College & General Hospital, Guntur. The study included patients with the ages above 14 years old who were presented to the Emergency Department with paraquat poisoning. This includes patients who were self-admitted or with witness account of paraquat exposure (ingestion, inhalational, mucosal or skin contact). Results: In our study, most of the patients were belongs to 26-35 years 17(48.5) followed by 18-25 years 9 (25.7), 36-45 years 6 (17.1), 46-55 years and more than 56 years were 5.7% and 2.8% respectively. The majority were male (n=29, 82.8%) and female (n=6, 17.1%) were least. The main symptoms and signs of studied patients include nausea (94.2%); vomiting (88.5%); Abdominal pain (91.4%); Paraquat tongue (88.5%), Oliguria (45.7%); Jaundice (37.1%), Respiratory distress (2.8%). For survived and non-survived patients, the Amount of ingested paraquat (mL) the mean ± SDwas 25.6±5.6 ml and 295±28 ml respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). Conclusion: It is important to establish the diagnosis early and to pursue aggressive decontamination and prevention of further absorption. Increased awareness of the clinician and availability of the laboratory diagnostic methods will definitely help in successful management of paraquat poisoning. Paraquat poisoning is still a concern in developing countries. It may be useful to educate public health professionals and the general population about the serious consequences of exposure to this toxic agent. Paraquat poisoning is still no cure.
Skin Grafting in Post burn contractures of Groin and perineum in patients
Authors: Arra Priyanka
Published: April 2024

Background: Groin and perineal burn contracture is a rare postburn sequel. Such postburn contractures causes distressing symptoms to the patients and in the management of these contractures, both functional and cosmetic appearance should be the primary concern. Material and Methods: This is prospective and descriptive study conducted in the Department of Plastic Surgery at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital over a period of 1 Year. First dressing was seen on third or fourth postoperative day and percentage of graft take/loss was noted. Complications, if any, were recorded. Indwelling urinary catheter drainage was instituted for 3 to 4 days postoperatively. Once the graft stabilized, patients were discharged and advised to wear compression garments. Results: In our study, 77.1% of the patients, post burn contractures of the groin and perineum were because of Open chulla. Other less common causes were hot water (14.3%) and flame burn (8.6%). Majority of the patients were brought with complaints of difficulty in squatting (80.0%) followed by limitation of movements of hip joints (71.4%) and (44.3%) impairment of walking. In our series of 70 patients two types of operative procedures were performed: (1) release of contracture with split thickness skin grafting; (2) release of contracture and closure by multiple Zplasties. Moreover, 30 (42.9%) patients having bilateral groin contractures underwent release of contracture with split thickness skin grafting. 29 (41.4%) patients underwent release of unilateral groin contracture with split thickness skin grafting and 4 (5.7%) patients underwent release of unilateral groin contracture and closure by multiple Zplasties.Conclusion: To conclude, recuperation from perineal burns, both in acute period and chronic phase in case contracture occurs, is a difficult challenge physically and mentally. The agony that a burn patientendures during treatment is evident even to an onlooker.
Regional Anaesthesia Techniques for Orthopaedic Surgery at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Dr. Jamanjai Zeba Khanam  , Dr. Nasihuddin
Published: April 2024

Background: Regional anaesthesia has found its uses in many aspects of orthopaedic surgery including more recently, spine surgery. Neuraxial or regional anaesthesia are often the preferred techniques for surgical anaesthesia in patients with multiple comorbidities. For instance, osteoporosis-related complications such as hip fractures are common in the growing geriatric population. Orthopaedic surgery aims to recover functional capacity in patients but it carries a specific morbidity and mortality. Orthopaedic surgery conveys several challenges for the anaesthesiologist, including prevention of thromboembolic complications, reduction of peri- and postoperative bleeding and management of autologus blood transfusion and postoperative pain. Material and Methods: This is a prospective study was conducted in the Department of orthopaedic and Anaesthesia at Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences, Teaching Hospital and Research Center. Three hundred and ten consecutive cases posted for orthopaedic surgeries were taken up for study. Anaesthesia technique was decided based on the nature of surgery, willingness and medical status of the patient and experience of the anaesthesiologists. RA was planned whenever possible. In the morning of operation the RA technique was explained to the patients and intravenous (IV) access established. Preoperative medication was given using IV fentanyl and midazolam in titrated doses. Ketamine was used in children and appropriate block given using standard technique. Nerve stimulator was used wherever applicable Results: Age of the patients ranged from three months to 92 years. Maximum number of patients belonged to the age group of 21- 50 years (63.2%). As per the demographic data. In our study, Knee arthroscopy and repair was 28.38%, Femoral was 17.41%, Radius and ulna was 15.16% and least were Ankle and foot, Wrist and hand surgery was 1.93%. In our study Subarachnoid block was 40.96% followed by Combined spinalepidural 17.09%, General anaesthesia 12.90%. Conclusion: In a conclusion, the use of regional anesthesia techniques for postoperative outcomes in orthopedic surgeries has been investigated in lots of clinical studies and case reports. Most of the authors proposed that regional anesthesia in orthopedic patients may be associated with better postoperative pain control and a reduction in intraoperative blood loss when compared with general anesthesia. In the future regional anesthesia techniques will be more preferable anesthetic technique in orthopedic surgeries
A comparative study of morphological and Immunohistochemical expression of P40 and P63 immunomarkers in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma lung
Authors: Dr. Shalini R  , Dr. K. Ramakrishna Reddy
Published: April 2024

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide and accounts for 28% of all cancer mortality and around 1.8 million new cases were diagnosed in 2012. The morphological distinction between pulmonary adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) is sometimes difficult, mainly in cases of poorly differentiated tumors or when degenerative changes, necrosis and crushing may obscure the cell characteristics. p63 is a homologue of the p53 tumour suppressor gene that is responsible for proliferation and differentiation of epithelial progenitor cells. p40 is consistently the predominant isoform expressed in squamous cell carcinoma; thus, it offers improved specificity for diagnosing squamous cell carcinoma. Material and Methods: This is a prospective and observational study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Tertiary care Teaching Hospital over a period of 1 year. Primary lung carcinoma cases included with unequivocal morphological diagnosis irrespective of age, gender and nature of biopsy material (endoscopic biopsy/ needle core biopsy / resected specimen). Cases diagnosed as Small cell carcinoma of lung, as metastatic lung cancers, poorly differentiated NSCLC-NOS and with inadequate material for IHC study were excluded from present study. Results: In the present study, a total of 150 patients were included out of which 112 (74.6%) were males and 38 (25.4%) were females. In our study, most of the patients were >61 years i.e., 63 out of 150 (42%), followed by 51-60 years, i.e., 40 out of 150 (26.7%). All 8 cases of well differentiated Adenocarcinoma were positive for P40 and 5 cases showed P63 expression. Out of 13 cases of moderately differentiated Adenocarcinoma, 3 cases were positive for P40 and 10 cases were positive for p63 marker. Out of 30 cases of well differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma 15 cases were P40 positive and 15 cases were P63 positive. All 53 cases of moderately differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma showed positive P40 and P63 expression.
A study to Monitor Adverse drug reactions in a patients of Chronic Obstructive pulmonary Disease
Authors: Dr. M. Sangeetha
Published: April 2024

Background: Inappropriate drug usage may preclude ideal benefit due to increased medical cost, adverse effects and mortality. Therefore drug utilization studies have become a plausible means in evaluating the healthcare systems. COPD management usually involves more than one drug which may escalate the risk of ADEs (adverse drug events). The present study aimed at assessing the current drug practice and ADEs in COPD management in ICU. Material and Methods: A prospective, single centered, observational and open labeled study was carried out in Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Pharmacology, Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital. The patient population was broadly divided into four categories based on diagnosis ‑ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Infections, Asthma and Others. Suspected ADRs were reported, analyzed, and causality assessment was carried out using Naranjo’s algorithm scal0065. Results: In our study, most important causative drug was Budesonide (11.1%). Causality assessment of ADR by Naranjo’s algorithm showed 11.9% probable and 88.1% possible reactions. According to WHO-UMC scale, 85.9% reactions are possible, 11.1% are probable, and 3% are unlikely. Among the 270 ADR reported, the most common ADR was oral thrush which accounted for 11.1% (n = 30) of the reported cases, followed by palpitation 11.1% (n = 30), sore throat 20 (7.4%), dizziness 17 (6.3%) cases, and headache 20 (7.4%) of reported ADR cases. Conclusion: Many research have been conducted separately on various respiratory diseases such as COPD, tuberculosis, asthma, respiratory tract infections (upper/lower), and so on. However, this study included some of the most common diseases in this field, such as COPD, tuberculosis, and respiratory tract infections. A routine patient follow-up is needed for the early detection and prevention of ADRs in order to improve patient adherence to drug therapy and provide improved drug therapy by avoiding associated morbidity and mortality.
Feasibility Study of Developing an Eco-Friendly Bio Lubricant from Flaxseed Oil
Authors: Gokul Biju  , Anandu S  , Jithin S S  , Milan B
Published: April 2024

The increasing global demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly lubricants has led to the exploration of bio-based alternatives. This study focuses on the production of a bio- lubricant using Flax Seed oil as the feedstock through an epoxidation process followed by acid testing. The first step involves the epoxidation of Flax Seed, where the unsaturated fatty acids present in the oil are converted into epoxides. This process is carried out using a catalyst and a peroxide source. The reaction conditions, such as temperature, time, and reactant ratios, are optimized to achieve the highest conversion and selectivity of epoxidized Flax Seed oil. The epoxidized Flax Seed is then subjected to acid testing to evaluate its suitability as a bio- lubricant. The acid value, which measures the amount of acidic compounds present, is determined. A low acid value indicates good stability and resistance to oxidation. Additionally, the viscosity, flash point and other relevant properties are assessed to ensure that the bio- lubricant meets industry standards. The results of the acid testing provide valuable insights into the quality and performance of the produced bio-lubricant. By analyzing the acid value and other properties, the effectiveness of the epoxidation process and the feasibility of using Flax Seed oil as a sustainable feedstock for bio-lubricant production can be determined. This research contributes to the development of eco-friendly lubricants by utilizing Flax Seed oil as a renewable resource. The epoxidation process and subsequent acid testing serve as crucial steps in the production and evaluation of bio-lubricants, highlighting their potential as a viable alternative to conventional petroleum-based lubricants
Naan Mudhalvan Scheme - A Massive Upskilling Platform for Students with Special Reference to Arts and Science College
Authors: Dr. N.R. Viji  , Dr. G. Sheela Edward
Published: April 2024

The Naan Mudhalvan scheme is skill enhancement initiatives for young people in Tamil Nadu that can help college students achieve their career goals. The scheme, which was launched in March 2022, by our Chief Minister MK Stalin aims to identify the students in government-run institutions and offer them academic and career guidance. The scheme also provides information about courses and industry-specific skill offerings. The program will be under CM's direct supervision and will entail teaching students in their chosen subjects/areas, languages, technological know-how, etc. The goal of this scheme is to enhance the skills of one million young people in the state each year to help them reach their full potential.
Market Orientation and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Hospitality Industry in the Philippines
Authors: Lim Michelle Anne
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the market orientation and firm performance: evidence from the hospitality industry in the Philippines.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study on market orientation and firm performance in the Philippine hospitality industry confirms a positive correlation between market orientation and business performance. It highlights that hotels prioritizing customer needs, competitor analysis, and internal coordination tend to achieve superior financial results, customer satisfaction, and market share. This underscores the significance of market orientation in driving competitiveness and sustainable growth within the Philippines' dynamic hospitality sector.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Market orientation theory, resource-based view (RBV) theory & service quality theory may be used to anchor future studies on the market orientation and firm performance: evidence from the hospitality industry in the Philippines. Encourage hospitality firms in the Philippines to prioritize customer-centric strategies by fostering a culture of customer orientation throughout the organization. Advocate for policies that support the development of a conducive business environment for the hospitality industry in the Philippines, including infrastructure investment, regulatory reform, and talent development initiatives.
Remaking Money for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Barinaga Martín Ester
Published: April 2024

EPDF and EPUB available open access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Money is central to capitalism and to our many sustainability crises. Could we remake money so as to advance sustainable economies and fair societies? A growing number of scholars, politicians and activists think we can, and they are doing it from the bottom up. This book examines how grassroots groups, municipalities and radical crypto-entrepreneurs are remaking money by designing and organising complementary currencies. It argues that in their novel ideas and governance practices lie the key for building green and inclusive economies. Engaging imaginatively with the future of money, this accessible book will appeal to anyone interested in constructing a more sustainable and just world.
Streamlining School Registration: An Innovative Automated System for Registrars
Authors: Bagacay Iris Ruthzelle V. , Talatala Edsel A. , Soberano Kristine T.
Published: April 2024

Traditionally, educational institutions, such as Government and Public High Schools, have relied on manual procedures to manage learners' Permanent Records and Report Cards. These manual processes involve cumbersome paperwork, extensive data entry, and prolonged turnaround times for requests and issuances. However, given the evolving educational landscape and the growing demand for efficiency and accuracy, there is an urgent need to modernize these procedures. Recognizing this necessity, the Department of Education (DepEd) issued DepEd Order (DO) No. 54 s.2016, establishing standardized procedures and guidelines for requesting and issuing learners' Permanent Records and Report Cards across all public schools nationwide. This study, known as Streamlining School Registration: An Innovative Automated System for Registrars, aimed to enhance and streamline registrar processes specifically within Bagonbon National High School through automation and integration. The approach involved software development, stakeholder consultations, and usability testing. The outcomes demonstrated significant time savings, reduced errors, and increased user satisfaction. The implications suggest improved efficiency in school administration, with plans focusing on scalability and adaptability to meet the specific needs of the educational setting.
Enhancing Financial Sentiment Analysis: A Deep Dive into Natural Language Processing for Market Prediction Industries
Authors: Takale Dattatray G.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the enhancement of Financial Sentiment Analysis by conducting an in-depth investigation of Natural Language Processing (NLP) approaches for the purpose of improving market prediction. The purpose of this research is to investigate the potential of natural language processing (NLP) to improve the accuracy and efficiency of sentiment analysis. This is in response to the complex structure of financial markets and the crucial role that sentiment plays. The examination of the relevant literature highlights the limits of traditional methods and the urgent need for creative solutions in the field of financial sentiment research. The approach that we use entails the careful collecting of data from social media and financial news, with a particular emphasis on the utilization of strong pre-processing tools. The research assesses the performance parameters of accuracy, precision, recall, and correlation with market trends by using natural language processing (NLP) technologies such as algorithms for sentiment analysis, Named Entity Recognition, and deep learning models. The findings include a comparative examination of conventional methods and those based on natural language processing (NLP), therefore revealing insights into the significant influence that sentiment has on market patterns. The results not only provide a contribution to the theoretical knowledge of sentiment research, but they also offer real consequences for financial analysts who are looking to make market forecasts that are more accurate and timelier. The research suggests ways for refinement, with an emphasis on enhanced pre-processing and Explainable AI integration. These tactics are being proposed to address issues in data quality and bias. When looking to the future, the study provides an overview of potential future paths, which include the investigation of external influences and the development of deep learning models for accurate market forecasting respectively. To summaries, the findings of this research establish natural language processing (NLP) as a revolutionary force in the process of redefining financial sentiment analysis. Furthermore, it offers a path for future developments in the ever-changing world of market prediction.
Haydée Guanais Dourado
Authors: Dos Santos Batista Ricardo , Ferreira Luiz Otávio
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: descrever e analisar a trajetória formativa e profissional da enfermeira Haydée Guanais Dourado (HGD) entre 1941 e 1956. A ênfase está em dois períodos de estudos e treinamento realizados por ela nos Estados Unidos da América do Norte e no Canadá com o financiamento da Fundação Rockefeller (FR). Métodos: a pesquisa utilizou fontes documentais coletadas em arquivos do Museu da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal da Bahia, do Centro de Documentação da Escola Anna Nery, na Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional e entre familiares de HGD [duas entrevistas, cinco cartões de bolsistas, um dossiê da FR, notícias de jornais e imagens] que registraram a sua experiência enquanto bolsista.  A análise dos documentos foi baseada nos métodos onomástico e indiciário, conforme a proposta de Carlo Ginzburg, que destaca a importância do nome para a coleta e análise documental. Resultados: as múltiplas experiências de aprendizagem e de observação de Haydée no exterior prepararam-na para atuar como líder na área da educação em enfermagem em um momento em que a prioridade era a criação de novas Escolas de Enfermagem. Considerações finais: embora a política de concessão de bolsas patrocinada pela FR tivesse objetivos institucionais e políticos bem definidos, as escolhas de HGD foram decisivas na definição de seu trajeto profissional.
U LYMPHO MÔ BẠCH HUYẾT LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN NIÊM MẠC THỰC QUẢN NGUYÊN PHÁT: BÁO CÁO CA LÂM SÀNG
Authors: Nguyễn Anh Tuấn , Nguyễn Xuân Hiền , Nguyễn Duy Trinh , Lê Văn Khánh , Đào Văn Lý , Đào Trần Tiến , Lương Việt Bằng
Published: April 2024

U lympho mô bạch huyết liên quan đến niêm mạc (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma - MALT) là bệnh ung thư hạch tế bào B mức độ thấp ác tính, xảy ra chủ yếu ở các cơ quan có lớp niêm mạc. Mặc dù đường tiêu hóa là vị trí ngoài hạch thường gặp nhất, nhưng MALT nguyên phát ở thực quản rất hiếm gặp với ít hơn 30 trường hợp được báo cáo trong y văn. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi báo cáo trường hợp bệnh nhân nam 59 tuổi vào viện vì nuốt nghẹn. Qua chụp cắt lớp vi tính, nội soi thực quản - dạ dày có sinh thiết, kết quả là MALT nguyên phát ở thực quản. Bệnh nhân được điều trị cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin và prednisone không kèm theo xạ trị
HIỆU QUẢ CỦA THIẾT BỊ SMART EYE CAMERA TRONG KHÁM BÁN PHẦN TRƯỚC SO VỚI SINH HIỂN VI TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐÔNG ĐÔ NĂM 2022-2023
Authors: Trần Minh Anh , Phạm Vân Anh , Đinh Thị Phương Thủy , Đinh Thị Thu Thủy , Trần Thị Kim Uyên
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của thiết bị Smart eye camera (SEC) trong khám bán phần trước so với sinh hiển vi (SHV) trên bệnh nhân. Phương pháp: Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu cắt ngang tuyển chọn các người bệnh tại Bệnh Viện Đông Đô, Hà Nội. Nghiên cứu được tiến hành từ tháng 9 năm 2022 đến tháng 4 năm 2023. Đã có 124 người (tức 248 mắt) tham gia nghiên cứu này. Kết quả: Có gần một nửa đối tượng nghiên cứu (48,8%) có tuổi dưới 40. Hơn một nửa người tham gia là nữ giới (55,6%). Cả hai thiết bị đều có khả năng phát hiện bất thường về da mi, lỗ lệ và lông mi (p > 0,05). Các kết quả đo lường giác mạc, kết mạc mi, kết mạc nhãn cầu cũng không có sự khác biệt ý nghĩa giữa SEC và SHV (p > 0,05). Thời gian trung bình khám khi sử dụng thiết bị SEC (2,7 ± 1,15 phút) cao hơn so với thiết SHV (2,0 ± 0,60 phút) (p <0,05). Tỷ lệ người bệnh có thời gian khám trên 2 phút khi dùng thiết bị SEC (60,9%) cao hơn người bệnh dùng thiết bị SHV (25%) (p < 0,05). Kết luận: Dựa trên kết quả nghiên cứu, SEC và SHV không có sự khác biệt về kết quả đo lường trên bệnh nhân.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ SỬ DỤNG VẠT TẠI CHỖ ĐIỀU TRỊ KHUYẾT HỔNG PHẦN MỀM SAU CẮT BỎ KHỐI U VÙNG MẶT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN
Authors: Bùi Văn Cường , Phan Ngọc Khóa , Vũ Ngọc Lâm , Dương Mạnh Chiến , Đào Xuân Thành
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả sử dụng vạt tại chỗ điều trị khuyết hổng phần mềm sau cắt bỏ khối u vùng mặt tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu gồm 34 bệnh nhân có tổn thương khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng mặt sau cắt bỏ khối u được tạo hình bằng vạt tại chỗ tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An từ tháng 01/2017 đến tháng 11/ 2022. Kết quả: Kết quả cho thấy sau phẫu thuật 7 ngày: 91,18% bệnh nhân có vạt sống hoàn toàn; 8,82% vạt bị thiểu dưỡng nhẹ. 100% bệnh nhân được che phủ khuyết hổng vùng mặt sau phẫu thuật. 97,06% bệnh nhân liền ngay lần đầu phẫu thuật; 94,12% bệnh nhân không có biến chứng và 94,12% bệnh nhân được đánh giá có kết quả tốt sau phẫu thuật. Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật 3 tháng cho thấy: 94,12% bệnh nhân có kết quả đồng màu giữa vùng phẫu thuật và da các vùng khác; 100% bệnh nhân có vạt đủ dày và liền sẹo tốt và 94,12% bệnh nhân có kết quả tốt sau phẫu thuật 3 tháng. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật sử dụng vạt tại chỗ điều trị khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng mặt sau căt bỏ khối u mang lại hiệu quả cao cả về mắt chức năng, hình thể và chất lượng cuộc sống cho bệnh nhân.
REVIEWING THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Tosin Michael Olatunde  , Azubuike Chukwudi Okwandu  , Dorcas Oluwajuwonlo Akande  , Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the field of energy efficiency optimization by enabling advanced analysis and control of energy systems. This review provides a concise overview of the role of AI in enhancing energy efficiency. AI technologies, such as machine learning and neural networks, are being increasingly applied to optimize energy consumption in various sectors, including buildings, transportation, and industrial processes. These technologies analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns and trends, enabling more precise control of energy systems and the prediction of energy demand. One of the key advantages of AI in energy efficiency optimization is its ability to adapt and learn from data, leading to continuous improvement in energy-saving strategies. AI algorithms can optimize energy consumption based on factors such as weather conditions, occupancy patterns, and energy prices, resulting in significant cost savings and environmental benefits. Furthermore, AI enables the integration of renewable energy sources into existing energy systems by predicting renewable energy generation and optimizing its use. This integration helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigates greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to a more sustainable energy future. However, the implementation of AI in energy efficiency optimization is not without challenges. These include data privacy concerns, the need for specialized skills to develop and deploy AI solutions, and the complexity of integrating AI systems into existing energy infrastructure. Addressing these challenges will be crucial for realizing the full potential of AI in energy efficiency optimization. In conclusion, AI holds great promise for enhancing energy efficiency by enabling more intelligent control and optimization of energy systems. By leveraging AI technologies, organizations can achieve significant energy savings, reduce costs, and contribute to a more sustainable and resilient energy future.

Keywords: Role, AI, Energy, Efficiency, Optimization.
ADVANCING HEALTHCARE DATA SOLUTIONS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS AND RESEARCH MODELS IN THE U.S
Authors: Arenike Patricia Adekugbe  , Chidera Victoria Ibeh
Published: April 2024

In the dynamic landscape of healthcare, data-driven solutions play a pivotal role in enhancing patient outcomes, optimizing processes, and steering strategic decision-making. This review presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of the business and research models underpinning healthcare data solutions in the United States. By examining the distinctive characteristics, challenges, and advancements within these models, this study aims to elucidate critical insights for stakeholders navigating the complex intersection of healthcare and data analytics. The American healthcare ecosystem is marked by a diverse array of entities engaged in harnessing data for various purposes, ranging from improving patient care to driving operational efficiencies. This analysis delves into the contrasting approaches adopted by businesses and research institutions in leveraging healthcare data. Businesses predominantly focus on profit-driven initiatives, emphasizing efficiency, scalability, and commercial viability. In contrast, research models prioritize scientific rigor, innovation, and academic collaboration, often with a primary focus on advancing medical knowledge. Key components of the comparative analysis include examining the regulatory frameworks governing healthcare data, the utilization of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, and the ethical considerations surrounding data privacy and security. Furthermore, this study investigates the impact of socioeconomic factors, such as disparities in access to healthcare and disparities in data availability, on the development and implementation of data solutions. The comparative analysis also highlights notable case studies and best practices from both business and research sectors, illustrating successful approaches to overcoming common challenges and driving innovation in healthcare data solutions. Additionally, emerging trends, such as the integration of wearables and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, are explored for their potential to revolutionize data collection and analysis in healthcare settings. Ultimately, this review underscores the imperative for collaborative efforts between business entities and research institutions to harness the full potential of healthcare data solutions, fostering advancements that benefit patients, providers, and society at large.

Keywords:  Healthcare Data Solutions, Comparative Analysis, Business Models, Research Models, United States, Innovation.
Comparative Analysis of the Energy Efficiency of Hierarchical Data Transmission Protocols in Geographically Distributed Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Семенова Л. Л.
Published: April 2024

проведен сравнительный анализ энергоэффективности протоколов LEACH и PEGASIS в контексте их применения в территориально-распределенных беспроводных сенсорных сетях. Исследование направлено на выявление зависимости между выбором протокола и энергетической эффективностью сети, а также на определение влияния этих протоколов на продолжительность жизни сенсорных сетей. Результаты моделирования демонстрируют, что протокол PEGASIS превосходит LEACH по обоим параметрам, обеспечивая более длительную работу сети и улучшенную энергоэффективность. На основании полученных результатов может быть определен один из факторов оптимальных стратегий развертывания сенсорных сетей, учитывая их энергетические характеристики и требования к продолжительности функционирования

this study conducts a comparative analysis of the energy efficiency of LEACH and PEGASIS protocols within the context of their application in geographically distributed wireless sensor networks. The research aims to identify the relationship between protocol selection and network energy efficiency, as well as to determine the impact of these protocols on the lifespan of sensor networks. Simulation results demonstrate that the PEGASIS protocol surpasses LEACH in both parameters, providing longer network operation and improved energy efficiency. Based on the findings, one of the factors for optimal sensor network deployment strategies can be determined, considering their energy characteristics and operational longevity requirements