bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Particle flux-gradient relationships in the high Arctic: Emission and deposition patterns across three surface types
Authors: Mathes Theresa , Guy Heather , Prytherch John , Kojoj Julia , Brooks Ian , Murto Sonja , Zieger Paul , Wehner Birgit , Tjernström Michael , Held Andreas
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The Arctic is experiencing a warming much faster than the global average, and aerosol-cloud-sea-ice interactions are considered to be one of the key features of the Arctic climate system. It is therefore crucial to identify particle sources and sinks to study their impact on cloud formation and cloud properties in the Arctic. Near-surface particle and sensible heat fluxes were measured using the gradient method during the ARTofMELT Arctic Ocean Expedition 2023. A gradient system was deployed to calculate sensible heat and particle fluxes over three different surface conditions: wide lead, narrow lead, and closed ice. To evaluate the gradient measurements, sensible heat fluxes and friction velocities were compared with eddy covariance data. The strongest sensible heat fluxes, ranging from 24 W m−2 to 70 W m−2, were observed over wide lead surfaces, aligning with measurements from the icebreaker. In contrast, closed ice surfaces had weak, often negative sensible heat fluxes. Wide leads acted as a particle source, with median net particle emission fluxes of 0.09 106 m−2 s−1. Narrow lead surfaces exhibited both net emission and net deposition, though the particle fluxes were weaker. Closed ice surfaces acted as a particle sink, with normalized fluxes around 0.06 cm s−1. The gradient method was found to be effective for measuring both sensible heat and particle fluxes, allowing flexible deployment over different surface types. This study addresses the critical need for improved quantification of vertical turbulent particle fluxes and related processes that influence the local particle number budget in the central Arctic.
Role of precipitation and extreme precipitation events in the surface mass balance variability observed in three ice cores from coastal Dronning Maud Land
Authors: Wauthy Sarah , Dalaiden Quentin
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is the most uncertain contributor to future sea level rise for projections by the end of this century. One of the main drivers of future AIS mass changes is the surface mass balance (SMB) of the ice sheet, which is associated with a number of uncertainties, including its large temporal and spatial variability. The SMB is influenced by a complex interplay of the various processes driving it, including large‐scale atmospheric circulation, ice sheet topography, and other interactions between the atmosphere and the snow/ice surface. This spatial and temporal variability is identified in three ice cores located at the crests of adjacent ice rises in coastal Dronning Maud Land, each approximately 90 km apart, which show very contrasting SMB records. In this study, we analyze the role of precipitation and extreme precipitation events (EPEs) in this variability. Our results, based on RACMO2.3 and statistical downscaling techniques, confirm that precipitation is the primary driver of SMB, and that synoptic-scale EPEs play a significant role in controlling interannual variability in precipitation and thus SMB. Shedding light on the intricate nature of SMB variability, our results also demonstrate that precipitation and EPEs alone cannot explain the observed contrasts in SMB records among the three ice core sites and suggest that other processes may be at play. This underscores the importance of adopting comprehensive, interdisciplinary methods, like data assimilation that combines observations and the physics of models, to unravel the underlying mechanisms driving this variability.
Seamless seasonal to multi-annual predictions of temperature and standardized precipitation index by constraining transient climate model simulations
Authors: Acosta Navarro Juan C. , Aranyossy Alvise , De Luca Paolo , Donat Markus G. , Hrast Essenfelder Arthur , Mahmood Rashed , Toreti Andrea , Volpi Danila
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Seamless climate predictions integrate forecasts across various timescales to provide actionable information in sectors such as agriculture, energy, and public health. While significant progress has been made, there is still a gap in the continuous provision of operational forecasts, particularly from seasonal to multi-annual time scales. We demonstrate that filling this gap is possible using an established climate model analog method to constrain variability in CMIP6 climate simulations. The analog method yields predictive skill for surface air temperature forecasts across timescales, ranging from seasons to several years, consistently outperforming the unconstrained CMIP6 ensemble. Similar to operational climate prediction systems, standardized precipitation index forecasts are less skillful than surface air temperature forecasts, but still systematically better than the CMIP6 unconstrained simulations. The analog-based seamless prediction system is competitive compared to state-of-the art initialised climate prediction systems that currently provide forecasts for specific time scales, such as seasonal and multi-annual. While the current prediction systems provide only 1–2 initialisations per year, the analog-based system can easily provide seamless predictions with monthly initialisations, delivering seamless climate information throughout the year currently not available from traditional seasonal or decadal prediction systems. Furthermore, due to analog-based predictions being computationally inexpensive, we argue that these methods are a valuable and viable complement to existing operational prediction systems.
A global daily mesoscale front dataset from satellite observations: In situ validation and cross-dataset comparison
Authors: Xing Qinwang , Yu Haiqing , Yu Wei , Chen Xinjun , Wang Hui
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Ocean fronts have garnered significant attention from researchers across various scientific disciplines due to their profound ecological and climatic impacts. The development of front detection algorithms has enabled the automatic extraction of frontal information from satellite observations, providing valuable tools for understanding the biophysical interactions within marine ecosystems. However, the lack of comprehensive validation and comparison of cross-satellite products against in-situ observations, along with limited accessibility to frontal datasets, must be addressed to enable the broader application of front detection algorithms. This study promoted the improved histogram-based front detection algorithm to global oceans with additional enhancements, generating the first publicly available, high-resolution, daily global mesoscale front dataset spanning from 1982 to 2023 (Xing et al., 2024a, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14373832). Global validation using in-situ underway observations shows that most in-situ and satellite-detected fronts can be matched with each other, with high temporal and spatial consistency, demonstrating the dataset's acceptable performance in detecting fronts. Cross-dataset comparisons reveal that multi-satellite merged products offer the best front detection performance, followed by observation-assimilated ocean model products, while single-satellite and purely simulated products show the lowest performance, all of which provide independent validation of the satellite-based global occurrence patterns. These results enhance confidence in the application of satellite-based front detection, and our global front dataset and detection algorithm may be valuable for both regional and global studies in marine ecology, fisheries, ocean dynamics, and climate change.
On the modeling errors of digital twins for load monitoring and fatigue assessment in wind turbine drivetrains
Authors: Mehlan Felix C. , Nejad Amir R.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This article presents a systematic assessment of the modeling and estimation errors of digital twins for load and fatigue monitoring in wind turbine drivetrains. The errors in the measurement input, the reduced-order drivetrain models, and the model updating methods are investigated. A statistical analysis is conducted on gear and bearing load measurements from numerical studies with 5 and 10 MW drivetrain models and from field measurements of a 1.5 MW research turbine. The error distributions are quantified using normal distributions, and limitations of the digital twin are discussed such as the information loss of 10 min averaged supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) data, the estimation errors of the unknown rotor torque, and the modeling errors in torsional reduced-order drivetrain models. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the origin and the effects of uncertainty in digital twins and delivers a foundation for further reliability and risk assessment studies.
Reensamblar al trabajo social: seis territorios analíticos para apuntalar el proyecto social
Authors: Jiménez-Herrara Julio
Published: February 2025

Con frecuencia, podemos observar que la intervención profesional de los trabajadores sociales se expresa de manera precisa y visible en el nivel más cercano a la acción como lo es en un proyecto y, a menudo, ensamblado de acuerdo a componentes fijos de ese nivel de planificación, a saber: problema, objetivos, metas, actividades, recursos, responsables, etc. El presente artículo ofrece una propuesta para reensamblar el proyecto y la intervención del Trabajo Social en el nivel de planificación antes descrito por medio de territorios analíticos con el propósito de darle a aquella coherencia teórica/práctica en su estructura y mayor eficiencia a lo largo de todo el proceso de actuación. Como resultado del esfuerzo teórico-reflexivo, se proponen cinco territorios analíticos que creemos apuntalan la intervención del Trabajador social. Dentro de las principales conclusiones, derivadas del trabajo investigativo, podemos destacar la importancia de que el trabajador social considere estos territorios analíticos al momento de diseñar sus proyectos para reforzar, tanto el esquema (proyecto) como la intervención misma.
La percepción de las trabajadoras sociales sobre las implicaciones de la Inteligencia Artificial en sus prácticas profesionales: Un estudio exploratorio
Authors: García González Paula , Morales Hernández Ana , Cáceres Rodríguez Celsa
Published: February 2025

El campo de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) ha avanzado considerablemente, encontrando aplicaciones en diversos sectores incluido el Trabajo Social.El objetivo de este estudio es explorar la percepción de las trabajadoras sociales sobre el uso de la IA en sus prácticas profesionales, en tres aspectos concretos: conocimiento, uso ei mplicaciones éticas. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc a 120 trabajadoras sociales.Los resultados revelan que el conocimiento general sobre la IA entre las trabajadoras sociales es limitado y su implementación en dicho campo es aún incipiente, no obstante, identifican beneficios potenciales. La disposición a emplear aplicaciones de IA es mucho menor en las funciones de intervención directa que en las indirectas. El mayor riesgo se percibe ante la posibilidad de que las aplicaciones de IA afecten a la capacidad de tomar decisiones. Las conclusiones subrayan la necesidad de proporcionar formación sobre IA para el Trabajo Social, que asegure una implementación responsable y efectiva garantizando la observancia de los principios éticos.
DO PASSADO AO PRESENTE: ANALFABETISMO, DISPARIDADES REGIONAIS E RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS
Authors: Paula Ingrid Danielle de
Published: February 2025

O artigo examina a evolução dos Planos Nacionais de Educação (PNEs) no Brasil, com foco na problemática do analfabetismo entre pessoas pretas e pardas nas diferentes regiões do país. A análise histórica da educação revela a persistência dessas disparidades ao longo do tempo e ressalta a necessidade de políticas que levem em consideração as diversas realidades culturais e históricas brasileiras. Além disso, são abordadas as taxas de analfabetismo entre os povos indígenas, destacando a urgência de ações voltadas a esse grupo específico. O estudo identifica deficiências no PNE de 2001-2010, como a falta de estratégias claras e de atenção às desigualdades regionais e raciais, e também no PNE de 2014-2024, mesmo com a presença de metas mensuráveis. Persistem discrepâncias nos dados regionais e étnico-raciais, com as taxas mais elevadas de analfabetismo no Norte e Nordeste, onde está concentrada a maior parte da população preta, parda e indígena, refletindo desafios estruturais e sociais significativos. O artigo propõe uma análise crítica da educação no país, buscando compreender as desigualdades históricas que devem ser consideradas no novo Plano Nacional da Educação.
Evaluating autologous peritoneum grafting for enhanced healing of bile duct injuries: A preliminary data from an animal study
Authors: Nugroho Anung N. , Mudigdo Ambar , Soetrisno Soetrisno , Yarso Kristanto Y. , Nurwati Ida , Indarto Dono , Pamungkasari Eti P.
Published: February 2025

Increased incidence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy-related bile duct injuries (BDIs), combined with its risk of serious complications and mortality, highlights the need for a more effective repair technique. Although the use of autologous graft in BDI repair has been promoted, the role of autologous parietal peritoneum remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of autologous parietal peritoneum grafts in rabbit models of partial BDI, emphasizing its effect on the expression of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). An experimental post-test-only design was employed, using 27 male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) aged 8–10 months. The rabbits were allocated into three groups: control (primary closure), autologous parietal peritoneum graft, and autologous gallbladder graft. Partial BDI measuring 15×5 mm were surgically created and repaired according to group assignments. The expression of CD68 and TGF-β were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the anastomosis was pathologically examined through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining on days 3, 7, and 14 post-surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests. No statistically significant difference was observed in the expression of CD68 or TGF-β among the three treatment groups on days 3, 7, and 14 post-surgery, indicating that the effects of autologous parietal peritoneum graft were comparable to the control and the autologous gallbladder graft in promoting wound healing. Fibroblast density on day 3 was significantly lower in the parietal peritoneum group (p=0.040), reflecting delayed recruitment, but normalized by day 14, indicating successful integration and remodeling. The study highlights the potential role of autologous parietal peritoneum grafts for BDI.
Chemical fingerprinting and antioxidant properties of Glochidion philippicum
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin , Manggau Marianti A. , Rante Herlina , Hardiyanti Widya , Latada Nadila P. , Umar Abdul H. , Nur Syamsu , Wahyudin Elly , Rahman Latifah , Yulianty Risfah , Nainu Firzan
Published: February 2025

Glochidion philippicum has been suggested to exhibit considerable pharmacological potential, yet its chemical composition and bioactivity remain inadequately explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical fingerprint and antioxidant properties of G. philippicum leaf extracts using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with chemometric analyses, and in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Four extraction methods (maceration, reflux, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)) were optimized with water, 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane as solvents. FTIR profiles were analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. An in vitro study assessing the free radical scavenging capacity was conducted using the 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, while in vivo evaluations were conducted using Drosophila melanogaster to measure antioxidant enzyme activity and expression of endogenous antioxidant-related genes. FTIR profiles identified functional groups contributing to antioxidant activity. In vitro assays using ABTS and FRAP methods revealed that extracts obtained with 70% ethanol and water exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, attributed to key functional groups such as C=C (aromatic), O−H (acidic), N=O (nitro), and C−O (ester). In vivo studies showed that ethanol-based MAE extracts (MAEEO) significantly improved the survival of autoinflammatory PGRP-LBΔ mutant larvae exposed to heat-killed Escherichia coli. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis indicated this effect was dependent on endogenous antioxidant gene activation. The study highlights that G. philippicum leaf extracts as a natural source of bioactive compounds with exogenous antioxidant properties, offering potential for therapeutic applications.
ИСПЫТАНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ТРАНСПОРТНО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СРЕДСТВА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ ПО ОЦЕНКЕ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКИХ СВОЙСТВ
Authors: Дидманидзе О.Н. , Федоткин Р.С. , Крючков В.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье показано широкое распространение электрического транспорта, а в особенности трициклов. На примере транспортно-технологического средства мощностью до 3 кВт приведена возможность применения в сельском хозяйстве. Широта применения повышает внимание к реальным потребительским свойствам, что потребовало разработки комплекса испытаний по их выявлению с последующей апробацией на реальном образце грузового электрического трицикла. С помощью специального оборудования определены углы опрокидывания и сползания, положение центра масс, длительность пробега на одном заряде, тяговые и скоростные параметры, вибронагруженность. Комплекс исследований подтвердил свою эффективность, соответствие заявленных характеристик машины, а также возможность ее безопасной эксплуатации в условиях круглогодичной загрузки на различных покрытиях.

In the article, the widespread adoption of electric transport is discussed, with a particular focus on tricycles. Using a multi-purpose unit with a power output of up to 3 kW as an example, the potential application in agriculture is demonstrated. The broad range of applications increases attention to actual consumer properties, necessitating the development of a comprehensive testing suite to identify these properties, followed by testing on an actual cargo electric tricycle prototype. Special equipment was used to determine the angles of tipping and slipping, the center of mass position, the range duration on a single charge, traction and speed parameters, and vibration load. The research suite confirmed its effectiveness, the compliance with the claimed vehicle specifications, and the possibility of its safe operation under year-round loading conditions across various surfaces.
ОЦЕНКА СКОРОСТИ РЕАКЦИЙ В МОДЕЛЯХ ПРОЦЕССОВ И ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Authors: Рагуткин А.В. , Ставровский М.Е. , Кравченко И.Н. , Сидоров И.М. , Постникова Е.С.
Published: February 2025

С позиций химической кинетики рассмотрены зависимости скорости реакции от температуры и давления, а также сделана попытка объяснить увеличение силы трения после падения нагрузки на контактирующие поверхности и достижения минимума при увеличении скорости скольжения. Рассмотрены термодинамические аспекты теории переходного состояния и случаи, когда сама реакция является причиной возникающих отклонений от равновесия. Ключевые слова: кинетика, модели, прочность, разрушение.
РЕШЕНИЕ ЗАДАЧИ О ПОЛОЖЕНИИ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО РОБОТА-АССИСТЕНТА ДЛЯ МАНИПУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЭНДОСКОПОМ SOLOASSIST® (AKTORMED)
Authors: Глазунов В.А. , Ковалева Н.Л. , Шалюхин К.А.
Published: February 2025

Среди наиболее быстро развивающихся направлений современной медицины заметное положение занимает малоинвазивная хирургия. Одним из современных средств выполнения операций является система манипулирования эндоскопом Soloassist®. Она представляет собой роботизированный держатель эндоскопа, управляемый через мини-джойстик, закрепленный на основном инструменте, или при помощи голосовых команд. Механическая часть системы Soloassist® имеет вид открытой кинематической цепи. Задача о положенииях заключается в том, чтобы по заданному положению конечной точки инструмента найти углы поворота держателя.

Among the fastest growing areas of modern medicine, minimally invasive surgery occupies a prominent position. One of the modern means of performing operations is the Soloassist® endoscope manipulation system. It is a robotic endoscope holder controlled via a mini-joystick attached to the main instrument or using voice commands. The mechanical part of the Soloassist® system has the form of an open kinematic chain. The position problem is to find the angles of rotation of the holder based on the given position of the end point of the tool.
30 years of the Institute of Microsurgery. 3rd Microsurgical Summit in Siberia: fromprospects to reality
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2025

The article presents information about Research Institute of Microsurgery (Tomsk, Russia) and the 3rd Microsurgical Summit in Siberia, which was held in Tomsk on September 27–28, 2024.
Surgical and conservative methods of treatment of androgenic alopecia (literature review)
Authors: Pakhomova R. A. , Kochetova L. V. , Kolesnik A. A. , Kolesnik V. Ya.
Published: February 2025

Objective. Androgenic alopecia is the most common form of baldness in both men and women. This pathology is chronically progressive and is present in millions of people around the world. To date, it is considered proven that alopecia is associated with androgen exposure.

Purpose of the study: to compare the existing methods of treatment of androgenic alopecia according to the literature.

Material and methods. The search for research results by keywords was carried out in open databases. A total of 127 scientific sources have been analyzed, which consider the etiology, surgical approaches and methods of treatment of androgenic alopecia.

The results. The etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and conservative methods of treatment of androgenic alopecia according to the world literature are considered. Special attention is paid to the study of sources devoted to various methods of surgical treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Conclusion. Despite the fact that complex treatment of androgenic alopecia is currently used, autotransplantation of hair has been and remains the gold standard of treatment. Surgical hair restoration in alopecia ensures high graft survival and satisfaction from its use. The integration of molecular biology, genetics, pharmacology and clinical research can lead to new discoveries in the understanding and treatment of androgenic alopecia and improve treatment outcomes.
Study of the main histopathological characteristics of a cadaveric fascia lata allomaterial in an in vivo experiment
Authors: Ismagilov A. Kh. , Pushkarev A. V. , Vanesyan A. S. , Schekin V. S. , Samorodo A. V.
Published: February 2025

Objective. The fascia lata allomaterial (FLA) has been successfully used in ophthalmology, dentistry, thoracic surgery, neurosurgery, and other fields. However, data on its application in breast reconstruction are extremely limited.

Purpose of a study: to conduct a randomized controlled experimental investigation of the histological and biomechanical characteristics of cadaveric fascia lata allomaterial (alloplant®) compared to other allomaterials used in breast reconstruction.

Material and Methods. The study involved 30 white outbred rats, randomly divided into 3 groups (10 animals each): xenograft, synthetic mesh, and FLA. On days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 post-surgery, the implants were removed en bloc for histological analysis, focusing on neovascularization, fibrosis, inflammatory response, and collagen fiber organization. Additionally, the thickness of the inflammatory infiltrate and the lysis surface area were assessed.

Results. In the FLA group, inflammatory cells infiltrated the matrix surface more actively at both the beginning and end of the experiment compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The most active resorption occurred in the synthetic mesh group, while the lowest lysis rate, particularly in the second week, was observed in the xenograft group. The FLA showed superior fibrosis (p < 0.05), inflammatory infiltrate (p < 0.05), and collagen organization (p < 0.05) compared to the synthetic mesh.

Conclusion. The cadaveric fascia lata allograft in a rat model demonstrated slower biodegradation compared to a synthetic mesh, with no statistically significant difference from the xenograft group.
Credit Management and Firm’s Financial Performance of Deposit Money Bank in Nigeria
Authors: O. A. Mustapha, , J. A. Adejuwon,
Published: February 2025

This study investigated Credit Management and Firm’s Financial Performance of Deposit Money Bank in Nigeria. The study was guided by Information Asymmetry Theory and Transaction Cost Theory. An ex-post facto research design was used in the study. The population of the study was all commercial banks in Nigeria with a total of twenty-four (24) banks as of 2023. The sample size for this study was obtained from secondary data of selected seven (7) banks using the purposive sampling technique. Credit management facility had a significant effect on performance as measured by return on asset (Adj R2 = 0.040612, F= 1.973611, p= 0.016466); return on equity (Adj R2 = 0.101017, F= 0.976643, p= 0.009176); and net profit margin (Adj R2 = 0.305936, F= 11.13815, p= 0.000005). It was recommended that Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria should mitigate their independent metrics, Management should Enhance Capital Adequacy and Refine Credit Risk Management Practices.
Modern approaches to diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Ziezoda Z. K. , Zakirova K. A. , Yusupjanova J. M. , Pirov Q. I.
Published: February 2025

This article reviews recent publications on tuberculous meningitis. The pathomorphology of the changes, clinical differences from other types of meningitis, diagnostic features of CSF examination and neuroradiological disorders detected by MRI are described.

Conclusions. Tuberculous meningitis is more common in countries with a high burden of tuberculosis, in children who have not received BCG vaccination, in HIV-infected individuals, and in patients with untreated pulmonary tuberculosis. The duration of symptoms may vary from 1 day to 9 months and the prodrome is usually non-specific. Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is complex and often delayed, and it is therefore necessary to use the full range of diagnostic tools available when tuberculous meningitis is suspected, including clinical and radiological methods, MRI and examination of cerebrospinal fluid.
PRESERVATION OF CONSUMER COOPERATION IN BELARUS AS A TOOL OF SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT OF AUTHORITIES IN SUPPORTING REMOTE SETTLEMENTS
Authors:   The Institute of Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Pilui Vitali N.
Published: February 2025

The Republic of Belarus provides significant support to consumer cooperation organizations. Lively discussions are
underway on the advisability of its preservation, given the low efficiency of individual consumer societies compared to retail
chains and industrial organizations, as well as the need for the continued functioning of these societies. In order to objectively
assess the contribution of consumer cooperation to the development of the state, the article examines the features of the
formation and development of consumer cooperation, shows its role and importance in the functioning of the state
management system and regions.
PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, Chetyrkina Natalya Yu. , Kolbina Anastasia D. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: February 2025

The article examines the prospects and qualitative aspects of the development of the service sector in the context of
economic transformation. The authors analyze the main trends and factors influencing the development of the service sector,
and also assess the possible consequences for the country’s economy. The paper presents the results of a study conducted to
determine the prospects for the development of the service sector and develop recommendations for increasing its
competitiveness.
I NVERSION PROCESSES IN THE STRATEGY OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY NORTHERN ARCTIC TERRITORIES OF THE FAR EAST
Authors:   Economic Research Institute of the Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnopolski Boris Kh.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the article is to generalize theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of such
phenomena as inversions and inversion processes in the socio-economic sciences and to identify the features of the influence
of these processes on the prospects for the spatial development of the transboundary northern Arctic territories of the Far East
both at the national and international levels.
Trading VIX on volatility forecasts: another volatility puzzle?
Authors:   University of Piraeus and Panteion University, Degiannakis Stavros , Delis Panagiotis ,   Bank of Greece and University of Piraeus, Filis George ,   University of Patras, Giannopoulos George ,   Kingston University and University of West Attica
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates the economic usefulness of stock market implied volatility forecasts, based on their ability to improve the short-run trading decision-making process. The current literature aligns the forecast horizon with the frequency of the trading decision in order to evaluate different forecasting frameworks. By contrast, the premise of our paper is that these should not be necessarily related, but rather the evaluation should be based on the actual needs of the end-user. Thus, we evaluate whether the multiple days ahead stock market volatility forecasts vis-à-vis the 1-day ahead forecasts can improve the 1-day ahead trading profits from VIX and the S&P500 futures. Our results suggest that indeed the 1-day ahead trading profits are significantly improved when the trading decisions are based on longer-term volatility forecasts. More specifically, the highest trading gains are obtained when using the 22-days-ahead forecasts. The results hold true for both VIX and S&P500 futures day-ahead trading. Although there is no theoretical background regarding the fact that forecasting and trading horizons should not be aligned, we strongly motivate this potential issue, both from the statistical and financial point of views.
PROBLEMATIQUE DE L’APPROVISIONNEMENT EN EAU POTABLE À ABIDJAN (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)
Authors: YAO Beli Didier
Published: February 2025

Abidjan, la métropole ivoirienne, bien qu’étant située dans une région humide et riche en ressource hydraulique, ne garantit pas un accès continuel à l’eau potable pour tous ses habitants. Pourquoi l’ensemble de la population Abidjanaise n’a-t-elle pas accès continuellement à l’eau potable ? L'objectif de cet article est de montrer que les difficultés d’accès à l’eau potable à Abidjan sont en étroite relation avec l’insuffisance des infrastructures d’alimentation en cette ressource. Notre étude révèle que la capacité de production d’eau à Abidjan, de 356 000 m3, présente en fait un déficit de production de 160 000 m3par jour (par rapport à la demande). Les causes de cette inadéquation entre l’offre et la demande sont dues à l’insuffisance des infrastructures, mais aussi à la pollution et la salinité des ressources en eau, auxquelles s’ajoute la mauvaise gouvernance du secteur d’approvisionnement.
DISPARITES SOCIO-SPATIALES DANS L’ACCES A L’EAU
Authors: SEGHIRI Hicham , BELLAL Sid-Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Les disparités socio-spatiales dans l’accès à l’eau à travers la périphérie d’Oran constituent le sujet du présent article. Elles reposent essentiellement sur la relation existant entre l’eau et la population installée dans cet espace. La périphérie est considérée comme un espace à double particularité, géographique en terme de position par rapport à la ville, et sociologique selon les groupes sociaux qui l’occupent. Ajoutant à cela, les aspects naturels et climatiques qui influent, en qualité et en quantité, sur ces ressources d’eau locales. Le périmètre périphérique étudié, au travers des trois communes de Bir El Djir, Sidi Chahmi, et Es-Sénia, rassemble un paysage urbain et naturel. L’enjeu de l’eau dans cet espace est devenu important, surtout après la croissance démographique et ses mutations urbaines qu’il a supportées, dans une situation caractérisée par une irrégularité et une limitation de la ressource en question. La périphérie d’Oran est confrontée alors à un « stress hydrique », ne pouvant plus, de ce fait, apporter la ressource en eau nécessaire à une urbanité tentaculaire et grandissante. Tel est l’objet de cet article. Pour comprendre cette évolution urbaine et les conséquences qu’elle engendre, nous analyserons la géographie, le climat, la croissance démographique de la ville d’Oran, par une approche statistique et cartographique visant à rendre compte de la pression sur la ressource d’eau locale. Ensuite nous examinerons l’offre en eau faite dans cet espace et son développement par la mobilisation des ressources régionales pour satisfaire la demande locale, ainsi que le régime de la consommation d’eau par la population locale et son type de gestion par les autorités locales.
 L’objet scientifique étant d’apprécier les disparités socio-spatiales existantes à travers l’accès et la consommation de l’eau dans la périphérie d’Oran.
TRANSFORMATIONS SOCIALES, ECONOMIQUES ET CULTURELLES DES OASIS DU TOUAT SOUS LA COLONISATION FRANÇAISE
Authors: BELLAL Sid Ahmed , HADEID Mohamed , GHODBANI Tarik
Published: February 2025

L'article explore les transformations des oasis du Touat sous la colonisation française, en mettant l'accent sur les aspects sociaux, économiques et culturels. La colonisation a entraîné une réorganisation des systèmes d'irrigation traditionnels, notamment les foggaras, par l'introduction de nouvelles méthodes comme l'exploitation des puits, générant une concurrence avec les pratiques traditionnelles et un déclin progressif des foggaras. Sur le plan économique, l'introduction de cultures industrielles et de nouvelles techniques d'irrigation a modifié les pratiques agricoles, poussant certains agriculteurs à devenir salariés. La transformation sociale s'est caractérisée par la sédentarisation des nomades et l'émancipation des Harratine, conduisant à une mobilité sociale accrue. L'introduction de la monnaie a joué un rôle crucial en facilitant les transactions et en remodelant les dynamiques sociales et économiques. La crise des foggaras a été exacerbée par l'exploitation pétrolière, qui a attiré la main-d'œuvre agricole vers des emplois mieux rémunérés, réduisant ainsi la gestion des systèmes traditionnels. Les contrats de travail ont évolué, passant de rétributions en nature à des paiements monétaires, modifiant les relations économiques dans les oasis. Malgré ces changements, certaines pratiques traditionnelles ont perduré, témoignant de la résilience culturelle des populations locales. Les défis actuels incluent la gestion durable des ressources en eau et l'adaptation aux nouvelles réalités socio-économiques. Ces enjeux soulèvent la question de la préservation du patrimoine culturel tout en répondant aux besoins contemporains.
LES CONTRAINTES AUX MOBILITES DES FEMMES ET L’OFFRE DE TRANSPORT A ORAN (ALGERIE)
Authors: BAKHTI Nejwa
Published: February 2025

Cette étude examine les mobilités des femmes à Oran, métropole régionale algérienne. Cette ville est marquée par une morphologie urbaine contrastée, nécessitant une offre de transport adaptée. Les enquêtes qualitatives et quantitatives révèlent que près de la moitié des femmes interrogées rencontrent de multiples contraintes de mobilité. Les principaux obstacles incluent les dysfonctionnements du transport collectif, l'insécurité et les contraintes financières.                        Cet article met en lumière les difficultés rencontrées par les femmes dans l'utilisation des différents modes de transport et analyse les implications socio-spatiales de ces contraintes. Il propose également des recommandations pour améliorer l'accès des femmes aux ressources urbaines.
ديناميكية المجمعات الحدودية بأقصى الجنوب الجزائري
Authors: LENSARI Ahmed Mokhtar , BELLAL Sid-Ahmed
Published: February 2025

يعالج موضوعنا في هذه الورقة إشكالية تنوع المعايير المصنّفة للمجمعات الحضرية الحدودية بأقصى الجنوب الجزائري، وهو عامل رئيسي في تحديد نمطية الديناميكية الحضرية بهذه الأقاليم.هذه الديناميكية تظهر على المحور الحدودي برج باجي مختار- تمنغست بشكل مميز يختلف عن ما تبقى من أقاليم الجزائر و خاصة الشمالية منها.
اتبعنا في هذا العمل المنهج الوصفي المعتمد على الطريقتين الإحصائية والتحليلية، وذلك بعد جمع المادة العلمية عن طريق الدفاتر الإحصائية الولائية والوطنية و التي تغطي عديد الفترات الاحصائية. وتمت معالجة هذه المادة و ضبط النتائج حيث وجدنا أن تطور المجمعات العمرانية الحدودية متسارع بحكم الاستقرار السكاني المرتبط بحركية التنمية. فهذه الأقاليم شكلت مع مرّ الترقيات الإدارية منطقة استقطاب للسكان البدو والرحل، وهو مسعى استراتيجي لرهانات سياسة التهيئة والتخطيط الوطنية الهادف إلى التقليل من الفوارق المجالية داخل التراب الوطني. ما نتج عنه شبكة من المجمعات الحضرية الصغيرة والمتوسطة على طول المحور الرابط بين مقر ولايتي برج باجي مختار وتمنغست.
LE TRAMWAY DE MARSEILLE, DERNIER NÉ DES TRANSPORTS URBAINS, UN SYMBOLE DE RENOUVEAU ?
Authors: Anissa BOUAYED
Published: February 2025

Quelle est la perception de ce nouveau mode de transport à Marseille ? Le terme de renouveau invariablement associé à l’advenue du tramway indique que ce moyen de transport condense bon nombre de représentations associées à l’image de la ville. Elément fonctionnel, le tramway est aussi une image symbolique.
Le tramway de Marseille fonctionne depuis neuf ans seulement, inauguré en juillet 2007 en grandes pompes par le maire de la cité phocéenne, Jean-Claude Gaudin et le président de la république, Nicolas Sarkozy. Le panache donné à l’événement était bien sûr une façon de légitimer le mandat de maire de Jean-Claude Gaudin, de la même couleur politique que le président en place, mais aussi de montrer que la 2ème ville de France se « réveillait » après un long sommeil. C’est au prix de cette symbolique du réveil ou du renouveau que put être avalisé sans trop de mal pour la municipalité, en place alors depuis plus de dix ans, et toujours en place aujourd’hui puisqu’elle a été reconduite haut la main aux dernières municipales de 2014, le vertigineux endettement de la ville qui était alors au plus haut de sa courbe. Dans cet endettement, les travaux du tramway occupaient une bonne part.
COMPLEXITÉ DES MOBILITÉS PENDULAIRES FACE A L’ETALEMENT URBAIN D’ORAN
Authors: Sidi Mohamed TRACHE
Published: February 2025

Il est désormais établi aujourd’hui que l’étalement urbain est la tendance contemporaine du développement spatial des grandes villes et des métropoles. La ville d’Oran n’échappe pas à ce modèle qui in fine présente des paysages de plus en plus éclatés et fragmentés.
 
Elle connaît une extension spatiale rapide qui se poursuit selon des modes complexes, en direction de périphéries de plus en plus lointaines. Cette nouvelle structuration de l’espace aggloméré autour d’une métropole oranaise s’explique par une recomposition géographique des bassins d’emploi et des zones de résidence générant de nouveaux espaces relationnels. Les mobilités résidentielles sont à l’origine de la déconstruction d’espaces de vie existants dans la ville compacte.
 
L'éloignement du centre urbain, l’éclatement urbain, la forte augmentation de la motorisation et le développement des transports collectifs, témoignent d’une forte mobilité géographique des ménages et des individus, s’exprimant par des espaces fonctionnels dans lesquels se dissocient les espaces de vie, de travail et de consommation. Des modes de vie urbains inhabituels en reconstruction émergent en milieu périurbain oranais. Plusieurs types de mobilités voient alors le jour : certaines sont contraintes et d’autres sont facultatives. Elles se réalisent toutefois différemment et dans des conditions distinctes selon le contexte spatial dans lequel elles s’inscrivent.
 
Basée essentiellement sur des enquêtes de terrain, ce travail tente une double approche : celle de l’étalement urbain de la ville d’Oran à travers des documents statistiques et cartographiques d’une part, et celle des répercussions de l’étalement urbain sur la multiplication des mobilités spatiales nouvelles et particulièrement des mobilités contraintes dues au découplage des lieux de résidence et des lieux d’activité.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oran connaît dès les années 1990 un éclatement de son bâti et un étalement spatial fort important. Elle s’étend de toutes parts, comme le prouve cette fièvre de la construction pour toutes les catégories sociales avec la frénésie des lotissements ou le mythe de la villa. Ceci génère le développement d’une urbanisation périphérique nouvelle caractérisée par un aspect éclaté et très hétérogène. Les agglomérations nées de la périurbanisation sont physiquement très peu reliées entre elles et constituent pour l’observateur une discontinuité des tissus urbains se distinguant par une croissance marquée et un éparpillement des implantations nouvelles le plus souvent inachevées.
Beneficial Health Effects of Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal
Authors: Dartsch Peter C.
Published: February 2025

Question of the study: In the present study, cell biological methods were used to investigate whether tap water, after passing through an Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal instrument, has received and stored vibrational energy that possesses beneficial health effects. The effects of this Alpha Omega (AO) Water® on cultured cells were directly compared with the corresponding initial tap water without activation.

Experimental: By using cultured connective tissue fibroblasts we examined the basal metabolism, long-term vitality and the regeneration process of initial tap water after treatment with the Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal instrument in comparison to untreated initial tap water. In addition, the endogenous generation of superoxide anion radicals by inflammation-mediating cells (functional neutrophils) was investigated.

Results: The basal metabolism of the connective tissue fibroblasts was stimulated by the tap water after Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal instrument treatment in a concentration-dependent manner with a maximum of more than 50% in direct comparison to untreated cells. In accordance with the stimulation of cell metabolism were the results of the long-term cultivation of connective tissue fibroblasts with 25 vol% of Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal vs. untreated initial tap water for 8 days. Here we found that the cell density was significantly increased by the Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal suggesting that cell proliferation and vitality was increased by the treated water. In addition, also the regeneration of connective tissue fibroblasts was markedly stimulated by the tap water after Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal instrument treatment when compared with the untreated initial tap water. Even though the basal cell metabolism of functional neutrophils as inflammation-mediating cells was significantly increased by the tap water after Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal instrument treatment in comparison to the untreated initial tap water, we observed a significant inhibition of endogenous superoxide anion radical generation by the Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal by more than 30%.

Conclusions: The Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal instrument seems to be a very potent instrument for the activation of local tap water by vibrational energy which restores healthy resonance in the body. From our current in vitro studies with cultured cells, we can recommend the use of Alpha Omega (AO) Water® Crystal for the improvement and maintenance of health and well-being.
Analysis of the Phytochemistry, Antioxidant Properties, and Antibacterial Efficacy of Extracted Rubus rosifolius Sm. (Sampinit)
Authors: Calixtro, Jr. Rufo S. , Jade G Neil , Watanabe Kozo , M. Munoz Maria Nilda
Published: February 2025

The objective of the study is to evaluate the phytochemical content (both qualitative and quantitative), free radical scavenging activity utilizing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH), and antibacterial characteristics of unripe Rubus (R.) rosifolius Sm. in vitro. R. rosifolius Sm. is a recently identified wild raspberry in the Philippines, commonly called “Sampinit.” The extracted Sampinit fruits with 80% methanol were analyzed qualitatively for the presence of polyphenols (tannins and flavonoids), steroids (terpenoids), and amino acids (n=3). In a separate aliquot, quantitative phytochemical analysis was conducted. The steroid concentration was 607.98 ± 2.87 mg cholesterol equivalent per gram of sample, polyphenol content was 764.31 ± 11.37 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 grams of sample, and flavonoid concentration was 3.60 ± 0.21 mg quercetin equivalent per gram of sample. The consistency of the extraction method was verified by using high-performance chromatography which exhibited comparable chromatograms and retention time for the injected samples. The average DPPH scavenging activity of the methanolic extract was 92.83% (± 0.16), in contrast to the positive control (beta hydroxycarboxylic acid or BHA) activity of 87.64% (± 9.77). The extract had antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus but showed no action against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our findings indicate that unripe Sampinit may serve as abundant sources of phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which possess natural antioxidant and antibacterial properties, with potential usage in various inflammatory diseases such as lung inflammation, cancer, and metabolic disorders.
Outcomes of Propofol or Thiopental Sodium and Oral Midazolam as an Induction Agent for Day Care Surgery
Authors: Wadood Fazal , Javed Mohammad , Naz Umbrin , Maqsood Shahid , Sifatullah Ambareen , Iqbal Abid
Published: February 2025

Background: Acceptance of day surgery has been steadily rising for over a decade. Day surgery is essential in developing countries since it allows for quick healing and lower overall costs. Day surgeries have been on the rise in recent years. Induction agents like propofol and thiopentone are frequently utilized during outpatient procedures. This study aimed to compare ASA grade I and II patients undergoing day surgery, the compass reading time, hemodynamic comeback, respiratory upshots, and the postoperative resurgence of the two medications.

Objective: Oral midazolam, thiopental sodium, and propofol were all used for induction before day surgery. The goal was to determine which method was most cost-effective and resulted in the quickest recovery.

Methodology: The study was conducted at Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from February, 2023 to July, 2023. A total of sixty patients were selected, practically thirty from one of ASA's top two health tiers. In group A, patients were given 2.0 mg/kg of propofol for compass reading, while in group B, patients were given 0.250 mg/kg of oral midazolam 30 minutes prior they were prearranged 2.50 mg/kg of thiopental sodium for induction. During the operation, doctors kept tabs on the patient's vital signs, BP, recuperation score, and ability to return home. For both groups, we calculated the typical price of induction.

Result: After 30 minutes of reverse, group A scored 8.8± 1.75, and group B scored 8.01± 1.03. Group B's costs (BDT 37.88±1.37) were considerably lower than A's (BDT 142.00±6.00), with a P value of< 0.05.

Conclusion: For outpatient surgeries, using vocal midazolam and low- a prescribed amount of thiopental sodium orientation is more cost- effectual than propofol induction.

Keywords: Day care surgery, Oral midazolam, thiopental sodium, propofol.