bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability study for yield components and anthocyanin in eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Authors: N BHANUSHREE , P SAHA , S TOMAR B , A LYNGDOH Y , S GOPALA KRISHNAN , B GURUNG
Published: December 2022

The present investigation was carried out during kharif 2017 at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi to assess the extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in eggplant using F2 population from a cross of Pusa Safed Baingan 1 Ã— Pusa Uttam. A total of 168 F2 plants were characterized for morphological, and fruit traits and subjected to statistical analysis. Wide ranges of variations were observed for plant height (44.23 cm to 84.36 cm), fruit length (4.17 cm to 13.17 cm), fruit diameter (3.17 cm to 11.53 cm), fruit weight (15.20 g to 248.30 g) and total anthocyanin content (0.01 to 118.12 mg/100 g FW). High PCV and GCV (>20%) were observed for plant height, fruit weight and anthocyanin content. The highest heritability (74.09%) was recorded for fruit diameter indicating wide scope for improvement through selection of this trait. A total of 32 transgressive segregants were observed for fruit weight ranging from 165.30 g to 248.30 g and these can be selected further from F2. Fruit weight was found to be positively and significantly correlated with plant height (0.09), fruit length (0.53), fruit diameter (0.76) both at genotypic and phenotypic level. The skewness of all the five traits except total anthocyanin was less than 1 which suggests that these traits followed normal distribution, whereas anthocyanin followed discrete distribution. The exploration of genetic variability in the available segregating population may be utilized for effective selection of superior plant type for developing a variety.
ACADEMIC WRITING – THE TEXTBOOK GENRE. THE CASE OF ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN GRAMMAR BOOKS
Authors: RUSU OLIVIA , MIHĂILĂ SILVIU
Published: December 2022

This research focuses on a contrastive critical and methodological approach applied to six well-known English and Romanian grammar books. The authors are interested to observe and interpret the strengths and limitations of the selected grammar books in order to identify educational strategies and stages to be taken when teaching grammar. A major attention was paid to the didactic contrastive scenario of teaching grammar. English grammars are descriptive, whereas Romanian grammars are rather prescriptive. Thus, this enquiry is an attempt to find a generalised and practical layout in the study of two different idiomatic approaches, with a focus on similarities and an aim on divergences. Methodologically speaking, this research targets to further developed and improve educational practices for teaching and learning English language rules and Romanian grammar. Given examples include an overview of verbal tenses and of general vocabulary, for A1-B1 CERCL levels, in both languages.
QUALITATIVE ASPECTS IN THE APPLICATION OF THE MORAL MODEL THROUGH ACTIVE METHODS IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: PETCU-NICOLA NICOLETA-ALINA
Published: December 2022

In this paper we present the qualitative aspects on the application of the moral model technique through active methods in the kindergarten activities. On this line, we interviewed a number of five preschool teachers from urban and rural areas, with different teaching degrees and different seniority. Following this interview, the teachers gave surprising answers regarding the feelings that the preschoolers show after the activities in which the moral model is used, the most frequent being: empathy, compassion, joy and love. Another important aspect revealed by the interview subjects was based on the change in children's behavior during activities where the moral model is used in combination with active methods, thus they become friendlier, more understanding, patient and actively involved in the activity. All five teachers interviewed answered that it is more effective to use the moral model technique in kindergarten activities for the formation of moral attitudes and behaviors in preschoolers, compared to other types of techniques and forms of organizing activities, motivating the answer by the fact that preschoolers have constantly need models, which we have to choose carefully, and combined with active methods, the activity is all the more interesting and captivating for them.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Handout Berbasis HOTS Tema 9 Kelas 4 SD
Authors: Sukengsi Intan , Widoyoko Sugeng Eko Putro , Yansaputra Galih
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar handout berbasis HOTS pada siswa kelas IV SD pada tema 9 Subtema 3 Pelestarian Kekayaan Sumber Daya Alam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain R & D (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan model model 4D terdiri dari tahap Define (Pendefinisian), Design (perancangan), Develop (pengembangan) dan Disseminate (penyebarluasan) dari Thiagarajan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, angket validasi, angket respon siswa, dan tes. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Validasi produk di dasarkan pada kelayakan isi, kebahasaan, desain tampilan handout, kesesuaian dengan HOTS, dan kesesuaian dengan keterampilan membaca. Validator terdiri dari akademisi, praktisi, dan siswa. Kegiatan pengembangan ini diperoleh hasil skor akhir rerata pertemuan 1 diperoleh 79,28 dengan kriteria B (Baik) dan pertemuan 2 diperoleh hasil yang lebih baik yaitu rerata 86,42 dengan kriteria A (sangat baik). Dengan demikian, produk pengembangan bahan ajar handout berbasis HOTS tema 9 kelas 4 SD layak digunakan.
IMPLEMENTASI LITERASI DIGITAL DALAM MERANCANG DESAIN PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI CANVA
Authors: Widyaningrum Winda , Sondari Endang
Published: December 2022

Salah satu yang menjadi tantangan pembelajaran di era digital adalah terampil dalam merancang media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi digital. Canva merupakan aplikasi berbasis online dengan menyediakan desain menarik berupa template, fitu-fitur, dan kategori- kategori yang diberikan di dalamnya untuk menunjang kreativitas bagi penggunanya. Artikel ini berisi tentang fungsi aplikasi Canva sebagai media pembelajaran yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pendidik maupun peserta didik. Tujuan dari pengkajian media pembelajaran audio visual Canva adalah untuk mengetahui lebih jauh fitur pada aplikasi Canva yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat media pembelajaran, dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan inovasi guru dalam merancang media pembelajaran yang menarik, efektif dan interaktif sehingga tercapai target pembelajaran yang telah direncanakan. Adapun metode penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dimana metode ini bersifat pengembangan deskriptif dan cenderung menggunakan analisis.

 Kata Kunci: literasi digital, media pembelajaran, aplikasi Canva
UYGUR HUKUK VESİKALARI ÜZERİNE TÜRKÇE LİTERATÜRÜN HUKUKİ TAHLİLİ
Authors: KORKMAZ Salih
Published: December 2022

İslamiyet öncesi Türk hukukuna dair elimizde bulunan en önemli kaynak olan Uygur hukuk vesikaları, dönemin hukuk anlayışını göstermesi bakımından eşsiz değerdedir. Bu vesikaların hukuki değerlendirmesi hususunda pek çok çalışma yapılmış olmakla birlikte Türkçe literatürde bu mevzuda bir eksiklik fark edilmektedir. Bu makalede, Uygur hukuk vesikaları üzerine yapılan Türkçe neşriyatın hukuki tahlilinin yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu çerçevede Türkçede Uygur hukuk vesikaları üzerine yapılan tüm çalışmalar kronolojik olarak tek tek ele alınmış, şimdiye kadarki çalışmaların eksik yönleri de tespit edilmeye çalışılarak bundan sonra bu mevzuda nelerin yapılması gerektiği hususunda çeşitli mütalaalarda bulunulmuştur.
KOLOMB’TAN MÜLTECİLERE 1492-1850 AVRUPASI VE BUGÜNÜN GÜVENLİK HAKKI OLMAYAN ÖZNELERİ
Authors: ELDELEKLİ Buğrahan
Published: December 2022

XVI. yüzyılın başında yeni ticaret yolları keşfetmek için çıkılan yol Rönesans ve Reform ile bir yeniden yapılandırma hareketinin yolunu açmıştır. Bu reformasyon ile devletler, üretim şekilleri, ekonomi ve nihayetinde hayatın kendisi dizayn edilmiştir. Günümüzde insan haklarının evrenselliği halen güncel bir tartışma konusudur. Tartışma güncel krizler ile yenilenmekte ve boyut kazanmaktadır. Çalışmada insan hakları denildiğinde ilk akla gelen özgürlük ve güvenlik konusundaki tartışmaların sürmesinin nedeni, sürecin kendisinde aranmış, gündemde yer tutan ve gelecekte de yer tutacak olan mülteci tartışmaları ekseninde değerlendirme yapılmaya çalışılmıştır.
OSMANLI DEVLETİ İLE İSLAM DÜNYASINDA KIYMETLİ EVRAK VE TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ’NE ETKİLERİ
Authors: ÇAKICI Mustafa , KIRATLI Metin
Published: December 2022

Dünya tarihinde paranın icadı, insanların hayatının kolaylaşması ve ticaret açısından önemli bir adım olmuştur. Ticarî senetlerin icat edilmesi ise mevcut para miktarının bir hayli üzerinde ticaret hacminin genişlemesine sebebiyet vermiştir. Kıymetli evrak hukukunun doğup gelişmesi, toplumların ihtiyaçlarıyla paralel bir seyir izlemiş ve günümüzdeki durumuna ulaşmıştır. İslam dünyasında İslamiyet’in ilk yüzyılında para dolaşımını kolaylaştıran süftece (poliçe), çek (sakk) ve havale senetleri kullanılmıştır. Süftece ve havale-kredi mektubu, şehirler arasında parayı taşımanın sakıncalarını giderirken çek ise ticarette kullanılan bir ödeme aracı olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti’nde kıymetli evrak olarak kullanılan en önemli araçlar senet, poliçe idi. Tanzimat’tan sonra bono ve çek gibi bazı kıymetli evrak da ticarî hayatta kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak diğer kıymetli evrakların hiç birisi poliçe kadar yaygınlık kazanamamıştır. Bu çalışmada, kıymetli evrakın İslam Dünyası ve Osmanlı ticaret hukuku bakımından oynadığı rolün ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de yapılan son düzenlemeler de genel olarak açıklanmaktadır.
EK TASFİYE AMACIYLA ŞİRKETİN YENİDEN TESCİLİNİN TALEP EDİLDİĞİ YARGILAMADA UYGULANACAK OLAN YARGILAMA USULÜNÜN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: HAYRAN POLAT Merve
Published: December 2022

Türk hukukunda tüzel kişiliği haiz ticaret şirketleri ticaret siciline tescil edilmekle beraber tüzel kişilik kazanırlar. Faaliyetlerine devam eden şirketler kanunda veya sözleşmede belirtilen sebeplerden birinin gerçekleşmesiyle sona erer ve tasfiye aşamasına girer. Tasfiye aşamasının tamamlanmasından sonra şirket unvanı ticaret sicilinden silinir. Ancak tasfiyenin tamamlanmasından sonra ek tasfiye işlemlerinin yapılmasının zorunlu olduğu anlaşılırsa, son tasfiye memurları, yönetim kurulu üyeleri, pay sahipleri veya alacaklılar, şirket merkezinin bulunduğu yerdeki asliye ticaret mahkemesinden, bu ek işlemler sonuçlandırılıncaya kadar, şirketin yeniden tescilini isteyebilecekleri Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda düzenlenmiştir. Ek tasfiye amacıyla şirketin yeniden tescilinin mahkemeden istenecek olması, medeni usul hukukuna özgü sorunları da beraberinde getirir. Bu nedenle ek tasfiye talebi amacıyla şirketin yeniden tescili talebinin veya uygulamadaki adıyla “ihya davası”nın hukuki niteliği değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Bu değerlendirmeler sonucu ek tasfiye amacıyla şirketin sicile tekrar tecili talebinin çekişmesiz yargı işi niteliğinde oluğu sonucuna varılmaktadır. Bu nedenle uygulamada yeknesaklığın sağlanması ve daha basit ve kolay yolla şirketin tesciline hükmedilmesi adına çekişmesiz yargı işi niteliğinde olduğuna ilişkin ifadenin Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nda yer alması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca çekişmesiz yargı işi niteliğinde olması dolayısıyla ek tasfiye amacıyla şirketin yeniden tescilinin talep edildiği yargılamada basit yargılama usulü uygulanır ve resen araştırma ilkesi geçerli olacaktır.
Lietuvių kalbos vienaskaitinių daiktavardžių vartojimas daugiskaitos formomis: leksikalizacija ir terminizacija
Authors: Stepšys Jonas
Published: December 2022

Šio straipsnio tikslas – nustatyti pasirinktų lietuvių kalbos vienaskaitinių abstrakčiųjų daiktavardžių gramatinės formos leksikalizaciją, kuri yra susijusi su žodžių skaičiaus gramatinės formos pasikeitimu. Daroma prielaida, kad dėl skaičiaus gramatinės formos pasikeitimo, keičiasi ir leksinė reikšmė. Išsamiau aprašyti leksikalizuotus daiktavardžius, metodus, kaip atpažinti leksikalizaciją, aktualu, kadangi leksika yra greičiausiai kintantis kalbos sluoksnis, taigi pokyčius būtina fiksuoti, o žodynus atnaujinti, redaguoti, juo labiau kad ši analizė remiasi vartosenos pavyzdžiais iš tekstynų.
Netermininės leksikos pavyzdžiai atrinkti iš Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos tekstyno (DLKT), Delfi.lt tekstyno (DT) ir internetinės Google paieškos. Nors tekstynų statistiniai duomenys parodė, kad tiriamų vienaskaitinių abstrakčiųjų daiktavardžių daugiskaitėjimo reiškinys nėra labai išplitęs, atlikus analizę matyti, kad daugiskaitėjančios leksemos įgauna naujų reikšmių (arba sememų). Vienos turi aukštą leksikalizacijos laipsnį, tokios leksemos galėtų būti pateikiamos atskirame daugiskaitinės lemos žodyniniame straipsnyje. Kitu atveju, kai daugiskaitos formų leksikalizacijos laipsnis yra žemas, jos nėra laikomos savarankiškais leksiniais vienetais.
Termininės leksikos gramatinės formos leksikalizacija nustatyta remiantis Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodyne (DLKŽ) ir Lietuvos Respublikos terminų banke (TB) pateikiamomis reikšmėmis. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad kasdienės kalbos žodžių perėjimą į specialios kalbos leksiką lemia terminizacija, tačiau yra ir tokių atvejų, kai tarp kasdienės kalbos žodžio ir termino reikšmių nėra ryškaus semantinio nuotolio, o tai leidžia kalbėti apie terminizacijos nebuvimą.
Dijital ve Geleneksel Kitap Yayıncılığının Ülkelere Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BAYTAR Orhan
Published: December 2022

Kitap yayıncılığının iş akışını ve teknolojisini etkileyen üç kırılma aşaması görülmektedir: 1. Kitapların elle yazılması ve çoğaltılması aşaması. 2. Matbaanın baskı teknolojisine dayalı kitlesel üretimi aşaması 3. Dijital teknolojiye (e-kitap) dayalı üretim ve dağıtım aşaması. Günümüz bilgi toplumunda uzun tarihsel süreç içerisinde elle yazılan ve çoğaltılan kitap üretimini yerinden eden matbaaya dayalı iş modeli, kitap endüstrisinin rekabet koşullarını belirleyen kitap üretim (kâğıt, baskı vb.) ve dağıtım giderlerini ortadan kaldıran dijital yayıncılık (e-yayıncılık) tarafından etkilenmektedir.
Bu çalışmada kitap yayıncılığının mimarisini belirleyen üretim ve dağıtım teknolojisi tarihsel bağlamı üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Daha sonra özellikle Sanayi Devrimiyle ekonomik, teknik ve sosyal boyutuyla kitap yayıncılığını bir endüstriye dönüştüren bu taban üzerinden günümüze gelen kitap endüstrisinin ekonomik görünümü endüstrileşmiş ülkeler örneği bağlamında incelenmiştir. Kitap endüstrisinin tarihsel ve yapısal değişkenlerinin ekonomik ve teknolojik görünümünü ortaya koymayı amaçlayan bu çalışma, “literatür taramasına” ve “betimleme çalışmasına” dayanmaktadır. Kuzey Amerika ve Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri (Almanya, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, İspanya) ile Japonya ve Türkiye çalışmanın örneklemi olarak seçilmiştir. Japonya büyük bir ekonomik güç olması dolayısıyla örnekleme dahil edilmiş, Türkiye ise kitap yayıncılığının adı geçen ülkelerin genel görünümü içindeki yerinin görülmesi amacıyla çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Matbaa teknolojisini geç benimseyen Osmanlı mirası üzerinde olan, Avrupa ve Amerika’nın yaşadığı Sanayi Devrimi tecrübesi dışında kalan Türkiye’de, bu durum kitap yayıncılığının istenilen düzeyde gelişmesine engel olmuştur.
Studi Kasus Perbandingan Efisiensi Biaya antara Pekerjaan Jalan Perkerasan Kaku (Rigid Pavement) dengan Perkerasan Lentur (Flexible Pavement) di Kabupaten Ngawi
Authors: Woro Sukarno Elip
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Jalan merupakan infrastruktur yang menghubungkan satu daerah dengan daerah yang lain yang sangat penting dalam sistem pelayanan masyarakat. Lapis perkerasan jalan berfungsi untuk menerima beban lalu lintas dan menyebarkan ke lapis dibawahnya kemudian diteruskan ke tamah dasar. Berdasarkan bahan pengikatnya, lapis perkerasan jalan dibagi menjadi dua kategori yaitu lapis perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement) dan lapis perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement). Pemilihan jenis perkerasan sangat berpengaruh dalam penggunaan biaya dan efektifitas pembangunan oleh karena itu perlu adanya perbandingan antara jenis perkerasan yaitu perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) dan perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement). Metode: Metode yang digunakan untuk membandingkan kedua perkerasan tersebut adalah metode komparasi yaitu dengan membandingkan data – data dan ditarik kedalam konklusi baru. Dari hasil analisa menggunakan metode komparasi tersebut diperoleh hasil bahwa perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) lebih efisien untuk digunakan di Kabupaten Ngawi di bandingkan dengan perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement) di karenakan perkerasan kaku mempunyai biaya pembangunan lebih minimal dan mempunyai umur konstruksi yang panjang dibandingkan dengan perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement). Hasil: Perhitungan biaya perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) di lakukan satu ruas jalan yaitu ruas jalan Kedungputri – Teguhan Kecamatan Paron Kabupaten Ngawi dengan panjang perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) 1032 m dan panjang perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement 4043 m dengan total panjang seluruh ruas jalan kedungputri – teguhan adalah 5175 m. Kesimpulan: Jenis perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) lebih bisa mencapai live style (umur ekonomis) karena dari segi biaya per tahun yang harus di keluarkan jauh lebih hemat dibandingkan dengan perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement).
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Daring pada Mata Pelajaran Fikih tentang Zakat di Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah
Authors: Ulandari Nadilla
Published: December 2022

Skripsi ini dilatar belakangi sejak kondisi permasalahan global berupa penularan wabah Corona Virus 2019. Dimana untuk memutuskan rantai covid-19 pembelajaran di lakukan secara daring agar virus covid-19 ini tidak menyebar. Pada pembelajaran daring harus mengikuti aturan-aturan yang  telah dibuat oleh pemerintah dan memanfaatkan teknologi agar proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik. Berdasarkan wawancara awal yang penulis lakukan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran fikih tentang zakat di Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah memiliki permasalahan yang di hadapi oleh guru dan siswa antara lain seperti siswa yang tidak paham materi tentang zakat ketika pembelajaran daring, siswa yang merasa bosan saat berlajar daring, sulitnya guru mengontrol siswa, sulitnya guru menyampaikan materi. Oleh karena itu penulis tertarik untuk meneliti bagaimana pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran fiqih tentang zakat.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu penelitian yang di peroleh dari lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah Kec. Mandiangin, Koto Selayan, Kota Bukittinggi. Dengan informan kunci guru mata pelajaran fikih, dan informan pendukung siswa kelas VIII.A. untuk mengumpulkan data penulis menggunakan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk teknik analisis data penulis menggunakan data reduction (Reduksi Data), data display (Penyajian Data), dan penarikan simpulan dan verifikasi. Untuk menguji kredibilitas data dan kevalitan data yang diperoleh dengan cara triangulasi.

Bersadarkan hasil penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan di Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah Kec. Mandiangin, Koto Selayan, Kota Bukittinggi mengenai pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran fikih tentang zakat yang terdiri dari guru membuat RPP yang di dalam nya berisi pendahuluan: salam, do’a, mencek kehadiran siswa, menyampaikan tujuan, memberikan motivasi dan memberikan acuan dalam pembelajaran, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan, penutup: melaksanakan tanya jawab, menyimpulkan materi pelajaran, guru mengadakan evaluasi, berdo’a dan memberikan salam. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran fikih tentang zakat belum berjalan dengan efektif karena masih ada permasalahan yang di hadapi siswa dan guru contohnya siswa yang tidak selalu mengukuti proses PBM (Proses Belajar Mengajar dari awal sampai akhir pembelajaran, guru pun sulit mengontrol siswa dalam pembelajaran daring.
The Effectiveness of Movies as a Teaching Learning Media to Improve Students’ Learning Achievement at Eleventh Grade of SMK Rise Kedawung Cirebon
Authors: Karlina Tia
Published: December 2022

Learning achievement is the acquisition of knowledge or skills that usually indicated by test scores in the form of numerical value. By using movies to teach can definitely be a challenge, but when carried out in a proper manner, it boasts of numerous benefits. Unlike text, movies enable students to learn visually. This research aims to determine the interactive effects of movies as a teaching learning media to improve students’ learning achievement. The researcher used experimental research with quantitative approach. The sample of this research was 35 respondents, randomly selected from eleventh grade of SMK RISE Kedawung Cirebon. Pre-experimental design was used in this research and pretest and posttest design of pre-experimental design became ultimate choice in this research. Based on data analysis the researcher concludes that there was increase of gaining score of the students after movies treatment. On levels of significance 0.05, the researcher found that t-observed of data is 29.70, and the degree of freedom is 34 which is converted to the t-value of 2.03. Based on the data from the test, it is clear that t-observed is higher than t-value. In fact, t-observed > t-value (29.70 > 2.03), it means that the treatment of movies as a teaching learning media is effective to improve students’ learning achievement.
The Analysis of Abstraction Personification in Skillet’s Selected Song
Authors: Benny Benny , Maharani Putu Devi , Nugraha Putra I G. B. Wahyu
Published: December 2022

This article is entitled The Analysis of Abstraction Personification in Skillet’s Selected Song. The aim of this study is to find and analyse the abstraction personification and the meaning inside the selected song created by Skillet. This study uses the theory of personification from Zhu (1991) and the theory of meaning from Leech (1981) to find out and classify the data in the lyric taken from the selected song, such as: Terrify the Dark, Vapor, and Stars. This study uses library method and qualitative method in collecting and analysing the data. After collecting and analysing the data, it has been found that there are ten lyrics that contain abstraction personification in this study, this study shows that there is abstraction personification based on the theory of Zhu (1991) present in the song selected, but there are only four types of meaning from seven types of meaning by Leech (1981) found inside, there are conceptual, connotative, affective, and thematic meaning.
Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Kebijakan Dividen, Struktur Modal, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Lukman Iing , Albar Satria Gana
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Pengaruh keputusan investasi, Kebijakan Dividen, struktur modal, pertumbuhan perusahaan, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh keputusan investasi, kebijakan dividen, struktur modal, pertumbuhan perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Metode: Berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, sampel diperoleh dari 102 sampel perusahaan manufaktur. Pengujian hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda pada program aplikasi Eviews 9.0. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keputusan investasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,7748. Kebijakan dividen berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,0000, struktur modal berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,0391, pertumbuhan perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,3415, ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan signifikansi nilai 0,0028. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan yaitu Keputusan Investasi, dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) 2017-2019 sedangkan Kebijakan Dividen, Struktur Modal, dan Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan.
Pengaruh Citra Merek dan Kualitas Produk Philips terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen pada Yogya Garnd Majalengka
Authors: Asri Siti Kaenah , Julisman Iman
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh citra merek dan kualitas produk Philips terhadap minat beli konsumen baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis verifikatif. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis survei dengan memberikan kuesioner secara langsung kepada konsumen produk Philips di Yogya Grand Majalengka. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 93 orang. Analisis data yang digunakan koefisien korelasi, regresi linier, koefisien determinasi, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji one sample, uji t, dan uji F. Hasil dari analisis regresi berganda yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil yaitu, Y = 3,410 +  0,227 X1 + 0,181 X2. Variabel independen yang paling berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen adalah variabel citra merek (0,227). Hasil uji t membuktikan bahwa semua variabel independen (citra merek dan kualitas produk) mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap variabel dependen yaitu minat beli konsumen. Koefisien determinasi (R2) yang diperoleh sebesar 0,334%. Hal ini berarti 33,4%  minat beli konsumen dipengaruhi oleh citra merek dan kualitas produk sisanya yaitu 66,6% ditentukan oleh variabel lain yang tidak dijelaskan dalam penelitian ini.
Kepemimpinan Kristen yang Efektif Berdasarkan Iman dan Visi Ilahi
Authors: Nicolas Djone Georges , Amien Rk Timothy , Siahaan Soneta Sang S. , Putro Lasino J.W. , Amtiran Abdon A.
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Kepemimpinan merupakan faktor yang sangat krusial dalam keberlangsungan sebuah organisasi, oleh karena melalui peran seorang pemimpin dan cara dia memimpin, nasib organisasi apa pun dipertaruhkan. Kenyataan bahwa ditemukan sebagian pemimpin Kristen yang tidak memiliki visi dalam kepemimpinannya, sehingga kurang efektif dalam rangka mencapai tujuan organisasi yang dipimpinnya, padahal tanpa visi yang jelas mustahil memperoleh hasil yang diimpikan. Tujuan: Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah menganalisa dan menemukan kepemimpinan yang efektif berdasarkan iman dan visi Ilahi. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur dengan pengumpulan data melalui jurnal-jurnal, berbagai buku, wawancara serta dokumen yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan topik yang dikaji. Hasil: Pertama, kepemimpinan Kristen yang efektif berasal dari pemimpin yang memiliki iman yang hidup. Kedua, kepemimpinan Kristen yang efektif berasal dari pemimpin yang memiliki visi. Kesimpulan: kepemimpinan Kristen yang efektif adalah kepemimpinan di mana pemimpin aktif menghubungkan visi dan iman, oleh karena kedua hal tersebut pada dasarnya saling berhubungan sehingga tidak dapat dipisahkan, sebab seorang pemimpin yang beriman teguh melihat keadaan yang nampak hari, namun juga melihat keadaan masa depan.
Economic Analysis of Leading Capture Fisheries Commodities in Simeulue District
Authors: Naufal Agus , Makwiyah A Chaliluddin , Mudia Rahdi
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Pelaksanaan pembangunan daerah dengan pemberdayaan potensi daerah akan berjalan apabila sektor unggulan daerah dapat dioptimalkan, dimana sektor unggulan ini penting untuk menentukan skala prioritas dalam pembangunan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komoditas unggulan perikanan tangkap dan kontribusinya terhadap perekonomian di Kabupaten Simeulue, Indonesia. Metode: Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis Location Quotient (LQ) yang membandingkan besarnya peranan sektor perikanan Simeulue dengan peranan sektor perikanan Aceh serta peranan masing-masing jenis ikan terhadap jumlah ikan total Simeulue terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Simeulue. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komoditas unggulan Kabupaten Simeulue yang memiliki nilai LQ>1 adalah teripang 10,86; lobster 7,54; ikan kurisi 2,83; ikan kerapu 2,62; ikan kuwe 1,97; ikan alu-alu 1,55; cumi-cumi 1,47; ikan kakap 1,43; dan ikan tenggiri 1,12. Subsektor perikanan tangkap di Kabupaten Simeulue memiliki nilai LQ sebesar 2,68 pada tahun 2014. Kesimpulan: sektor perikanan tangkap merupakan sektor basis yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kontribusi perekonomian daerah di Kabupaten Simeulue
Epidemiology: Environmental & Health Standards of Electromagnetic Wave
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 2. Epidemiology: Environmental & Health Standards of Electromagnetic Wave/电磁波污染的环境与卫生标准 Author: Liu Huan(1983- ), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
Management of contaminated site ------A case study in 10-12 Beaumont Street in Auckland city
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Management of contaminated site------A case study in 10-12 Beaumont Street in Auckland city Author: Liu Huan (1983-) Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland Advisor: laurence, School of Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland
The Prognostic Values of Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Lun , Zheng Shuyue , Chen Ming , Chi Weiru , Xue Jingyan , Wu Jiong
Published: December 2022

Context.—

Whether androgen receptor (AR) expression can predict prognosis in breast cancer is under debate.

Objective.—

To analyze, retrospectively, the prognostic and treatment-predictive ability of AR status in breast cancer.

Design.—

A total of 5765 patients diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer without distant metastasis in the adjuvant setting were analyzed. The propensity score–matching method was used to develop a new cohort of 3978 patients (1989 patients each) in which important prognostic factors were balanced.

Results.—

Positive AR expression is an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival and overall survival. Estrogen receptor (ER)+ and progesterone receptor (PR)+ AR+ breast cancer patients had the longest survival, whereas ER−PR−AR− breast cancer patients had the shortest survival. The ER/PR/AR combinations could not predict the treatment effects for adjuvant trastuzumab but could be used for adjuvant chemotherapy and endocrine therapy selection. The worst survival was found in ER+PR−AR− patients receiving toremifene, ER+PR−AR+ patients receiving exemestane, ER+PR+AR− patients receiving anthracycline, and ER−PR−AR+ patients receiving taxanes. ER+PR−AR−, ER−PR−AR+, and ER−PR−AR− patients were associated with the worst survival among those who received radiotherapy and anthracycline plus taxanes.

Conclusions.—

AR in combination with ER and PR could predict the prognosis and treatment effects of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and radiotherapy in the adjuvant setting.
Short-term outcome of plasma adsorption therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Li Bin , Zhang Wei , Zhong Shaoxin , Pan Jianyi , Wang Xiaohong , Zou Hequn , Dou Xianrui
Published: December 2022

Background: To observe the short-term outcome of plasma adsorption PA therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: 28 cases of als patients were recruited in this study, of which 20 were male and 8 were female with a mean age of 53.21±9.07 years and the average course of 33±23.35 months. The clinical manifestations were limb weakness (N=27), muscular atrophy (N=27), muscular tremor (N=5), dysphagia (N=12) and dysarthria (N=12). The clinical data of the patients recruited were graded by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised (ALSFRSR) : <10 (N=1), 11-20 (N=4), 21-30 (N=6), 31-40 (N=12), >40 (N=5). All patients received PA therapy once a week for three successive times after examining the conditions of blood coagulation and virus infection. PA therapy was supplemented with neurotrophic therapy meanwhile. All patients' clinical manifestations and scores of ALSFRSR before treatment and one week after treatment were evaluated and compared. The levels of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-10 (IL-10), serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) before and after treatment were compared. Results: After PA therapy, 14 patients have improved obviously in muscle strength, 4 patients in hypermyotonia partially, 3 patients in muscular tremor, 5 patients in dysarthria, 3 patients in salivation to some extent and 2 patients in swallowing function. The score of ALSFRSR after PA treatment (31.89±10.36) was remarkably higher than that before PA treatment (30.68±10.52) (P<0.01). The levels of SOD (155.10±21.87 IU/L) and IL-10 (138.06±185.88 pg/mL) after PA treatment were significantly higher than the levels before PA treatment (143.08.3±19.16 IU/L and 46.34±75.31 pg/mL, respectively) (P<0.05). The levels of CK (168.86±113.50 IU/L) and LDH (152.07±32.65 IU/L) after PA treatment were significantly lower than the levels before PA treatment (356.68±250.30 IU/L and 181.36±33.74 IU/L respectively) (P<0.01). At the end of follow-up period (November, 2019), five patients died of respiratory failure 16-21 months after PA treatment and two patents died of respiratory infection 15-20 months after PA treatment. 7 patients were still alive. The score of ALSFRS-R of these patients who survived at the end of follow-up (13.00±13.37) were significantly lower than before PA treatment (36.71±8.56) (P<0.05) and after PA treatment (38.14±8.82) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Plasma adsorption (PA) therapy has shortterm therapeutic effects on als. The effects might be attributed to the anti-oxygen free radical effect by increasing SOD level and the anti-inflammation effect by increasing IL-10 level. As the efficacy of PA therapy was obtained in a small sample size and short follow-up period, the longterm observation of PA efficacy in treating als should be further investigated.
Normalistas, ensino público escolar e cultura de elite: o contexto da Escola Normal Catharinense de 1892
Authors: Schaffrath Marlete dos Anjos Silva
Published: December 2022

O movimento pela difusão do ensino que se desenhou na Europa desde o século XVII se fortaleceu no século XVIII e se enraizou para as sociedades americanas no século XIX, anunciava os propósitos dos estados nacionais em fortalecer preceitos liberais de cultura, civilidade e moralidade pela via da formação de professores para o magistério das primeiras letras nas chamadas Escolas Normais. No Brasil, e no caso particularizado aqui, em Santa Catarina, a Escola Normal se movia, na conjuntura das províncias e depois dos estados, entre precárias estruturas e grandes esperanças manifestas nos posicionamentos das elites intelectuais e administrativas e suas aspirações de progresso e ordem pública. O objetivo deste trabalho é, a partir do estudo que resultou da Dissertação de Mestrado intitulada A Escola Normal Catharinense de 1892: profissão e ornamento, retomar algumas características de organização desta escola, assim como aspectos do contexto de sua criação. São destacados dois distintivos: os elementos formativos do curso com as especificidades para o ensino das primeiras letras; e o apego aos conhecimentos gerais como ornamento da cultura das elites e para as elites oferecidos pela mesma escola. A revisita ao texto da dissertação compreende a retomada de leituras do referencial bibliográfico que serviu de fonte para a articulação com o material documental levantado no Arquivo Público do Estado de Santa Catarina, a respeito da Escola Normal e do ensino público na Província e no Estado. Compreende também a releitura de trechos dos relatórios oficiais e seu cotejamento com novos referenciais bibliográficos.
Projetos de formação para normalistas catarinenses nas décadas de 1930 e 1940
Authors: Daniel Leziany Silveira , Pereira Elaine Aparecida Teixeira , Daros Maria das Dores
Published: December 2022

O artigo aborda propostas de formação docente levadas a efeito, nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, por duas instituições educacionais existentes no município de Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina/Brasil: O Colégio Coração de Jesus e o Instituto de Educação de Florianópolis. O principal objetivo foi analisar aspectos da formação docente oferecida pelas duas instituições, relacionados ao projeto de formação de cada uma e aos seus princípios norteadores. Para isso, são retomadas pesquisas anteriores sobre a temática e analisados textos publicados em dois periódicos educacionais: a revista Pétalas, do Colégio Coração de Jesus, e a revista Estudos Educacionais, do Instituto de Educação de Florianópolis. Se no Colégio Coração de Jesus a questão em torno dos conteúdos necessários à formação de professoras parecia secundária em relação à formação na moral católica, no Instituto de Educação de Florianópolis a ênfase recaia justamente na discussão sobre a importância das chamadas Ciências Fontes da Educação, na qual a formação científica sólida forneceria os instrumentos necessários para a intervenção dos professores na realidade social.
O vibrato no violoncelo: um estudo sistemático aplicado à performance
Authors: Lucena Henrique , Teixeira William
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa sobre o vibrato, partindo do questionamento sobre sua utilização em termos mecânicos e estilísticos. Objetiva-se assim o conhecimento sistemático e aplicado à performance do violoncelo nos importantes períodos da história do repertório do instrumento. Por meio de artigos e outras menções esparsas presentes em métodos musicais, foi realizado um levantamento de observações por pesquisadores e violoncelistas direcionando a uma abordagem aplicada a peças representativas dos períodos em pauta, a saber, dos compositores J. S. Bach, J. Haydn, H. Villa-Lobos e Luciano Berio. Para tanto, foi necessária a revisão de literatura e uma autoavaliação da forma do uso do vibrato para que fosse possível adotar diferentes tipos de vibrato em diferentes contextos musicais.
Sonata para flauta e piano de Lowell Liebermann: sugestões para a performance do flautista e análise musical em interlocução com o compositor
Authors: Pedro Lucas Martins , Moreira Adriana Lopes
Published: December 2022

Circunscrito ao campo da pesquisa artística, este artigo volta-se à relação entre a análise e a performance musical da Sonata para flauta e piano Op. 23 de Lowell Liebermann. Estabelece uma interlocução com o compositor por meio de remissões a uma recente entrevista. Através de recursos em análise musical e da experiência dos autores em performance musical, apresenta aspectos composicionais da obra, sugestões de interpretação e estratégias de performance.
РОЖДЕНИЕ ТЕРМИНА “ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СУВЕРЕНИТЕТ”, "Энергия: экономика, техника, экология"
Authors: Ваганов А.
Published: December 2022

26мая 2022 г. на партийном форуме “Единой России”, посвящённом предпринимательству, председатель партии Дмитрий Медведев неожиданно серьёзно и развёрнуто отреагировал на явно популистское предложение одного из своих однопартийцев – придумать новый термин для импортозамещения. “Технологический суверенитет”, – тут же предложил зампред Совета безопасности. Позднее Медведев отметил, что можно это назвать и технологической независимостью.
Boosting Potassium Storage Kinetics, Stability, and Volumetric Performance of Honeycomb‐Like Porous Red Phosphorus via In Situ Embedding Self‐Growing Conductive Nano‐Metal Networks
Authors: Liu Xi , Zhu Junlu , Wang Xinying , Yue Liguo , Wang Wei , Wang Bingchun , Shen Dijun , Li Yunyong
Published: December 2022

Large volume expansion and sluggish reaction kinetics of low‐conductivity red phosphorus (RP) anodes hinder its practical application in potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). Here, a self‐limited growth strategy to fabricate Bi (Sb) nanoparticles is demonstrated, as electrochemically active and conductive coating, in situ embedded into honeycomb‐like porous red phosphorus (HPRP) to form HPRP@Bi (HPRP@Sb) composites, greatly improving the potassium‐storage kinetics, stability and volumetric performance of HPRP. Here, Bi nanoparticles are converted into amorphous Bi during cycling, which are uniformly coated on the porous HPRP skeleton to form 3D conductive Bi networks. Theoretical calculations verify that introducing amorphous Bi significantly decreases K+diffusion barrier in composites, and greatly enhancing their electrical conductivity and interfacial ion transport between HPRP and Bi, thereby accelerating their potassium storage kinetics and stability. Whereas the robust porous structure and inward expansion mechanism of HPRP effectively buffer their volume expansion of RP and Bi. Therefore, HPRP@Bi anode delivers high gravimetric and volumetric capacity (465.6 mAh g−1, 745 mAh cm−3) and stable long lifespan with 200 cycles at 0.05 A g−1in PIBs. This work demonstrates a new approach to promote ion storage kinetics and stability of RP via integrating the synergy of high‐conductivity active metal and high‐capacity porous RP.
Effect of Cyano Substitution on Non‐Fullerene Acceptor for Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors above 1000 nm
Authors: Ha Jong‐Woon , Eun Hyeong Ju , Park Byoungwook , Ahn Hyungju , Hwang Dong Ryeol , Shim Yeong Seok , Heo Junseok , Lee Changjin , Yoon Sung Cheol , Kim Jong H. , Ko Seo‐Jin
Published: December 2022

Near‐infrared organic photodetectors (NIR OPDs) comprising ultra‐narrow bandgap non‐fullerene acceptors (NFA, over 1000 nm) typically exhibit high dark current density under applied reverse bias. Therefore, suppression of dark current density is crucial to achieve high‐performance of such NIR OPDs. Herein, cyano (CN) with a strong electron‐withdrawing property is introduced into alkoxy thiophene as a π‐bridge to adjust its optoelectronic characteristics, and the correlation between dark current density and charge injection barrier is investigated. Compared with their motivated NFA (COTH), the novel CN‐substituted NFAs, COTCN and COTCN2, exhibited deeper‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels and narrower optical bandgap (<1.10 eV), owing to the strong inductive and resonance effect of CN. The dark current and total noise currents are minimized as the number of substituted CN increases because of the larger hole injection barrier. Consequently, PTB7‐Th:COTCN2 exhibited the best shot‐noise limited detectivity (D*sh, 1.18 × 1012 Jones) and total noise detectivity (D*n, 1.33 × 1011 Jones) compared with those of PTB7‐Th:COTH (D*sh, 2.47 × 1011 Jones and D*n, 1.96 × 1010 Jones).
Swift Photochromic Smart Window Based on Plasmonic Yolk‐Shell Nanophosphors
Authors: Kim Chang Woo , Santoro Edgardo Gabriel , Pawar Amol Uttam , Lee Don Keun , Peña‐Rodriguez Ovidio , Pal Umapada , Kang Young Soo
Published: December 2022

Herein, the fabrication of eccentric Ag@Void@Y2SiO5:Pr3+ plasmonic yolk‐shell nanophosphors (PYSNPs) with high up‐conversion efficiency, and their incorporation on photochromic WO3 layers, is demonstrated to fabricate photochromic smart windows with high coloration contrast and swift color change. The up‐conversion efficiency of the Pr3+ ion‐doped Y2SiO5 (Y2SiO5:Pr3+) nanoshells is enhanced by about 50% through the incorporation of carefully designed plasmonic Ag cores placed inside their hollow cavities. Introduction of these geometry‐optimized plasmonic nanophosphors at the surface of photochromic WO3 films results in about 24‐fold and tenfold enhancements of their coloration rate and kinetic constant, respectively. The strategy adopted for designing and fabricating the Ag@Void@Y2SiO5:Pr3+ PYSNPs and their subsequent incorporation in conventional photochromic films offers an exciting approach for fabricating photochromic smart windows with dynamically controlled transmission of solar radiation, which is a promising technology for reducing energy consumption associated with heating, ventilation, and air‐conditioning of buildings.
Zinc salt in “Water‐in‐Polymer Salt Electrolyte” for Zinc‐Lignin Batteries: Electroactivity of the Lignin Cathode
Authors: Kumar Divyaratan , Ail Ujwala , Wu Zhixing , Björk Emma M. , Berggren Magnus , Gueskine Viktor , Crispin Xavier , Khan Ziyauddin
Published: December 2022

Zn‐ion batteries are one of the hot candidates for low‐cost and sustainable secondary batteries. The hydrogen evolution and dendritic growth upon zinc deposition are today's challenges for that technology. One of the new strategies to cope with these issues is to use “water‐in‐salt” electrolyte (WISE), that is, super concentrated aqueous electrolytes, to broaden its electrochemical stability window (ESW), suppressing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and perturbing the dendritic growth. Herein, this work proposes to use “water‐in‐polymer salt” electrolyte (WIPSE) concept to mitigate the challenges with Zn ion batteries and bring this technology toward one of the cheapest, greenest, and most sustainable electrodes: Lignin‐carbon (L‐C) electrode. Potassium polyacrylate (PAAK) as WISE bears out as better electrolyte for L‐C electrodes in terms of self‐discharge, cyclic stability, and specific capacity compared to conventional electrolyte based on chemically cousin molecule potassium acetate. Zinc bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Zn(TFSI)2) added into WIPSE shows deposition and dissolution of Zn in Zn//Zn symmetric cell suggesting that Zn2+ are moving into the polyanionic network. Furthermore, the added bis (trifluor omethanesul fonyl) imide (TFSI−) metal salts trigger a ≈40% enhancement of the capacity of L‐C electrode. These results show a new promising direction toward the development of cost‐effective and sustainable Zn‐lignin batteries.
Strategic white matter hyperintensity locations for cognitive impairment: A multicenter lesion‐symptom mapping study in 3525 memory clinic patients
Authors: Coenen Mirthe , Kuijf Hugo J. , Huenges Wajer Irene M. C. , Duering Marco , Wolters Frank J. , Fletcher Evan F. , Maillard Pauline M. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Barkhof Frederik , Barnes Josephine , Benke Thomas , Boomsma Jooske M. F. , Chen Christopher P. L. H. , Dal‐Bianco Peter , Dewenter Anna , Enzinger Christian , Ewers Michael , Exalto Lieza G. , Franzmeier Nicolai , Groeneveld Onno , Hilal Saima , Hofer Edith , Koek Dineke L. , Maier Andrea B. , McCreary Cheryl R. , Padilla Catarina S. , Papma Janne M. , Paterson Ross W. , Pijnenburg Yolande A. L. , Rubinski Anna , Schmidt Reinhold , Schott Jonathan M. , Slattery Catherine F. , Smith Eric E. , Steketee Rebecca M. E. , Sudre Carole H. , van den Berg Esther , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Vernooij Meike W. , Xin Xu , DeCarli Charles , Biessels Geert Jan , Biesbroek J. Matthijs
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Impact of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on cognition likely depends on lesion location, but a comprehensive map of strategic locations is lacking. We aimed to identify these locations in a large multicenter study.

Methods

Individual patient data (n = 3525) from 11 memory clinic cohorts were harmonized. We determined the association of WMH location with attention and executive functioning, information processing speed, language, and verbal memory performance using voxel‐based and region of interest tract‐based analyses.

Results

WMH in the left and right anterior thalamic radiation, forceps major, and left inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus were significantly related to domain‐specific impairment, independent of total WMH volume and atrophy. A strategic WMH score based on these tracts inversely correlated with performance in all domains.

Discussion

The data show that the impact of WMH on cognition is location‐dependent, primarily involving four strategic white matter tracts. Evaluation of WMH location may support diagnosing vascular cognitive impairment.

Highlights

We analyzed white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in 3525 memory clinic patients from 11 cohorts

The impact of WMH on cognition depends on location

We identified four strategic white matter tracts

A single strategic WMH score was derived from these four strategic tracts

The strategic WMH score was an independent determinant of four cognitive domains