bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunological Analysis of People in Northeast China after SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine Injection
Authors: Fu Yu , Chen Fang , Cui Lifen , Zhao Yue , Zhang Henan , Fu Shuang , Zhang Jihong
Published: September 2021

Clarifying changes in the immune microenvironment caused by vaccination is crucial for the development and application of vaccines. In this study, we analyzed seroconversion of antibodies, 12 key cytokines, and 34 lymphocyte subsets at three time points (D-1, D14, and D42) around vaccination and differences between two inactivated vaccines (Sinopharm and Sinovas) to understand the immune response induced by inactivated vaccines in the real world. The results showed that 62.5% and 75% of the participants achieved neutralizing antibody seroconversion on D14 and D42, respectively. After vaccination, IL-5 and IL-6 increased, and INF-γ decreased. IL6, IL-1B, INF-γ, IL-8, and IL-12p70 showed statistical significance in the comparison of different groups. In terms of lymphocyte subsets, CD3 +, CD56 +, CD3 + CD8 +, CD8 + CD71 +, and CD56 + CD71 + showed upward trend, while CD19 +, CD4 + CD8 +, CD8 + CD45RA +, CD4 + HLA-DR +, CD8 + HLA-DR +, and CD8 + CD38 + showed downward trend. Additionally, we found certain differences between the two vaccines in neutralizing antibodies, cytokines, and lymphocyte subsets. This research is a clinical observation on the immune response after vaccination through detecting various immune indicators, which showed that the inactivated vaccines induced both humoral immunity by producing neutralizing antibodies and cellular immunity. The cellular immunity induced by these two vaccines was a Th2-biased response, and it may also lead to a mild Th1-type response.
An Overview of Influenza Viruses and Vaccines
Authors: Nuwarda Rina Fajri , Alharbi Abdulsalam Abdullah , Kayser Veysel
Published: September 2021

Influenza remains one of the major public health concerns because it causes annual epidemics and can potentially instigate a global pandemic. Numerous countermeasures, including vaccines and antiviral treatments, are in use against seasonal influenza infection; however, their effectiveness has always been discussed due to the ongoing resistance to antivirals and relatively low and unpredictable efficiency of influenza vaccines compared to other vaccines. The growing interest in vaccines as a promising approach to prevent and control influenza may provide alternative vaccine development options with potentially increased efficiency. In addition to currently available inactivated, live-attenuated, and recombinant influenza vaccines on the market, novel platforms such as virus-like particles (VLPs) and nanoparticles, and new vaccine formulations are presently being explored. These platforms provide the opportunity to design influenza vaccines with improved properties to maximize quality, efficacy, and safety. The influenza vaccine manufacturing process is also moving forward with advancements relating to egg- and cell-based production, purification processes, and studies into the physicochemical attributes and vaccine degradation pathways. These will contribute to the design of more stable, optimized vaccine formulations guided by contemporary analytical testing methods and via the implementation of the latest advances in the field.
Uptake of Non-Mandatory Vaccinations in Future Physicians in Italy
Authors: Bertoncello Chiara , Nicolli Annamaria , Maso Stefano , Fonzo Marco , Crivellaro Mariaangiola , Mason Paola , Trevisan Andrea
Published: September 2021

In 2017 in Italy, a number of vaccinations became mandatory or started to be recommended and offered free of charge. In this study, we aimed at assessing the coverage rates for those vaccinations in the pre-mandatory era among students at the School of Medicine of Padua University studying the degree course in medicine and surgery (future physicians) on the basis of the vaccination certificates presented during health surveillance. The vaccinations considered were those against pertussis, rubella, mumps, measles, varicella, Haemophilus influenzae type b (which became mandatory in 2017), pneumococcus, meningococcus C and meningococcus B (only suggested and offered for free since 2017). The study enrolled 4706 students of medicine and surgery. High vaccine uptake was observed, especially in younger students (born after 1990), with vaccines against pertussis, rubella, mumps and measles. Good completion for Haemophilus influenzae type b and meningococcus C was also observed. Very low coverage rates (all under 10%) for vaccination against varicella, pneumococcus and meningococcus B were observed. In conclusion, uptake for some non-mandatory vaccines was below the recommended threshold, although younger generations showed a higher uptake, possibly as a results of policy implemented at the national level. Our findings support the idea to consider health surveillance visits also as an additional opportunity to overcome confidence and convenience barriers and offer vaccine administration.
Murine Dendritic Cells Grown in Serum-Free Culture Show Potent Therapeutic Activity when Loaded with Novel Th Epitopes in an Orthotopic Model of HER2pos Breast Cancer
Authors: Showalter Loral E. , Czerniecki Brian J. , Kodumudi Krithika , Koski Gary K.
Published: September 2021

Preferred methods for generating mouse dendritic cells (DC) would encompass qualities of consistency, high yield, and potent function. Serum-free culture is also highly desirable, since this is the standard for cell-based therapies used in humans. We report here a serum-free modification of a culture method generating mature, activated DCs from bone marrow precursors. This is achieved through a two-stage culture comprised of 6-day expansion in Flt3 ligand and IL-6 followed by brief differentiation in a medium containing GM-CSF and IL-4, with subsequent activation using TLR ligands ODN1826 and LPS. The serum-free DCs achieve yields and surface phenotype including IL-12p70 secretion similar to standard serum-replete cultures, display a capacity to sensitize in vivo against both MHC class I- and Class II-restricted antigens, and exhibit some aspects of “killer DC” function against tumor cells. We used these DCs to help identify novel CD4pos Th epitopes on the rat ErbB2/HER-2 protein and demonstrated a subset of these as effective immunogens in a DC-based therapeutic model of HER-2pos breast cancer in Balb/c mice, where they induced powerful Th1-polarized immune responses. This method represents a useful way to efficiently produce large numbers of murine dendritic cells with excellent in vivo function well-suited for use in experimental vaccine studies.
Decrease of Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalization and Associated Complications in Children after the Implementation of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) in Taiwan
Authors: Shen Ching-Fen , Chen Ju-Ling , Su Chien-Chou , Lin Wen-Liang , Hsieh Min-Ling , Liu Ching-Chun , Cheng Ching-Lan
Published: September 2021

The impact of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on overall community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and disease severity still needs thorough evaluation. In this study, we retrieve both pneumococcal CAP (P-CAP) and unspecific CAP (U-CAP) inpatient data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database (NHID) between 2005 and 2016. The interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis was performed to compare the incidence trend before and after the implementation of PCV13. After PCV13 implementation, there is a significant decreasing trend of P-CAP hospitalization, especially in children <1 year, 2–5 years, adults aged 19–65 years, 66 years, or older (all p value < 0.05). This corresponds to a 59% reduction in children <1 year, 47% in children aged 2–5 years, 39% in adult aged 19–65 years, and 41% in elderly aged 66 years or older. The intensive care rate (6.8% to 3.9%), severe pneumonia cases (21.7 to 14.5 episodes per 100,000 children–years), and the need for invasive procedures (4.3% to 2.0%) decreased in children aged 2–5 years (p value < 0.0001) with P-CAP. This PCV13 implementation program in Taiwan not only reduced the incidence of P-CAP, but also attenuated disease severity, especially in children aged 2–5 years.
Changes in Mental Health and Preventive Behaviors before and after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Propensity Score Matching (PSM) Study
Authors: Yuan Yue , Deng Zhaomin , Chen Musha , Yin Di , Zheng Jiazhen , Liu Yajie , Liu Xinglai , Zou Huachun , Zhang Chunhuan , Sun Caijun
Published: September 2021

Mass vaccination against the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing worldwide to achieve herd immunity among the general population. However, little is known about how the COVID-19 vaccination would affect mental health and preventive behaviors toward the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to address this issue among 4244 individuals at several COVID-19 vaccination sites in Guangzhou, China. Using univariate analysis and multiple linear regression models, we found that major demographic characteristics, such as biological sex, age, education level, and family per capita income, are the dominant influencing factors associated with health beliefs, mental health, and preventive behaviors. After propensity score matching (PSM) treatment, we further assessed the changes in the scores of health belief, mental health, and preventive behaviors between the pre-vaccination group and the post-vaccination group. When compared to individuals in the pre-vaccination group, a moderate but statistically significant lower score was observed in the post-vaccination group (p = 0.010), implying possibly improved psychological conditions after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, there was also a moderate but statistically higher score of preventive behaviors in the post-vaccination group than in the pre-vaccination group (p < 0.001), suggesting a higher probability to take preventive measures after COVID-19 vaccination. These findings have implications for implementing non-pharmaceutical interventions combined with mass vaccination to control the rebound of COVID-19 outbreaks.
Expanding Protection Motivation Theory to Explain Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake among Taiwanese University Students
Authors: Huang Po-Ching , Hung Ching-Hsia , Kuo Yi-Jie , Chen Yu-Pin , Ahorsu Daniel Kwasi , Yen Cheng-Fang , Lin Chung-Ying , Griffiths Mark D. , Pakpour Amir H.
Published: September 2021

Vaccination appears to be one of the effective strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the challenge of vaccine hesitancy may lower the uptake rate and affect overall vaccine efficacy. Being a low-risk group in terms of serious consequences of infection, university students may possess low motivation to get vaccinated. Therefore, an expanded Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) incorporating perceived knowledge, adaptive response, and maladaptive response was proposed to investigate the COVID-19 vaccination intention among Taiwanese university students. University students (n = 924; 575 males; mean age = 25.29 years) completed an online survey during January to February 2021. The proposed expanded PMT model was examined using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that perceived knowledge was significantly associated with coping appraisal (standardized coefficient (β) = 0.820; p < 0.001), and coping appraisal was significantly associated with adaptive response (β = 0.852; p < 0.001), maladaptive response (β = 0.300; p < 0.001) and intention (β = 0.533; p = 0.009). Moreover, maladaptive response (β = −0.173; p = 0.001) but not adaptive response (β = 0.148; p = 0.482) was significantly and negatively associated with intention. The present study’s results demonstrated a positive path between perceived knowledge, coping appraisal, and intention among university students. Therefore, improving knowledge among this population may increase the intention to uptake the vaccine.
Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, Anti-Ad5 Antibodies, and Reactogenicity in Response to Ad5-nCoV (CanSino Biologics) Vaccine in Individuals with and without Prior SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Hernández-Bello Jorge , Morales-Núñez José Javier , Machado-Sulbarán Andrea Carolina , Díaz-Pérez Saúl Alberto , Torres-Hernández Paola Carolina , Balcázar-Félix Paulina , Gutiérrez-Brito Jesús Alberto , Lomelí-Nieto José Alvaro , Muñoz-Valle José Francisco
Published: September 2021

This is the first study outside of clinical trials (phase I–III) evaluating the ability of the Ad5-nCoV vaccine to generate neutralizing antibodies and the factors associated with optimal or suboptimal response. In a longitudinal assay, 346 people (117 with prior COVID-19 and 229 without prior COVID-19) vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV were recruited. The percentage of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test) and antibodies against Ad5 (ADV-Ad5 IgG ELISA) were quantified pre and post-vaccination effects. The Ad5-nCoV vaccine induces higher neutralizing antibodies percentage in individuals with prior COVID-19 than those without prior COVID-19 (median [IQR]: 98% [97–98.1] vs. 72% [54–90], respectively; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a natural infection (before vaccination) induces more neutralizing antibodies percentage than immunized individuals without prior COVID-19 (p < 0.01). No patient had vaccine-severe adverse effects. The age, antidepressant, and immunosuppressive treatments, reactogenicity, and history of COVID-19 are associated with impaired antibody production. The anti-Ad5 antibodies increased after 21 days of post-vaccination in all groups (p < 0.01). We recommend the application of a booster dose of Ad5-nCoV, especially for those individuals without previous COVID-19 infection. Finally, the induction of anti-Ad5 antibodies after vaccination should be considered if a booster with the same vaccine is planned.
Serological Evidence of Human Infection with Coxiella burnetii after Occupational Exposure to Aborting Cattle
Authors: Rabaza Ana , Giannitti Federico , Fraga Martín , Macías-Rioseco Melissa , Corbellini Luis G. , Riet-Correa Franklin , Hirigoyen Darío , Turner Katy M. E. , Eisler Mark C.
Published: September 2021

Cattle are broadly deemed a source of Coxiella burnetii; however, evidence reinforcing their role in human infection is scarce. Most published human Q fever outbreaks relate to exposure to small ruminants, notably goats. Anti-phase II C. burnetii IgG and IgM were measured by indirect fluorescent antibody tests in 27 farm and veterinary diagnostic laboratory workers to ascertain whether occupational exposure to cattle aborting due to C. burnetii was the probable source of exposure. Four serological profiles were identified on the basis of anti-phase II IgG and IgM titres. Profile 1, characterised by high IgM levels and concurrent, lower IgG titres (3/27; 11.1%); Profile 2, with both isotypes with IgG titres higher than IgM (2/27; 7.4%); Profile 3 with only IgG phase II (5/27; 18.5%); and Profile 4, in which neither IgM nor IgG were detected (17/27; 63.0%). Profiles 1 and 2 are suggestive of recent C. burnetii exposure, most likely 2.5–4.5 months before testing and, hence, during the window of exposure to the bovine abortions. Profile 3 suggested C. burnetii exposure that most likely predated the window of exposure to aborting cattle, while Profile 4 represented seronegative individuals and, hence, likely uninfected. This study formally linked human Q fever to exposure to C. burnetii infected cattle as a specific occupational hazard for farm and laboratory workers handling bovine aborted material.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B in Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Systems
Authors: Khan Asfandyar , Valicsek Zsolt , Horváth Ottó
Published: September 2021

This study focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in heterogeneous and homogeneous photo-Fenton reactions. In the heterogeneous system, iron(II) doped copper ferrite CuII(x)FeII(1-x)FeIII2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) prepared in our previous work were employed as potential catalysts. The photodegradation of RhB was carried out in a quartz cuvette located in a diode array spectrometer. The experimental conditions such as pH, NPs dosage and H2O2 dosage with regard to the photocatalytic degradation of RhB were optimized to be 7.5, 500 mg/L and 8.9x10-2 mol/L, respectively. In addition, visible light-induced photodegradation of RhB was also carried out by using \ch{H2O2} over a wide pH range in the absence of heterogeneous photocatalysts. It was observed that the reaction rate significantly increased above pH 10, resulting in a faster rate of degradation of RhB, which may be attributed to the deprotonation of hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the potential antibacterial property of such catalysts against the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio fischeri in a bioluminescence assay yielded inhibition activities of more than 60% in all cases.
Daphnia Magna Acute Immobilization Test: an Opportunity to Test the Ecotoxicity of Alternative Fuels
Authors: Hubai Katalin Eszter
Published: September 2021

The increasing need for environmental protection has led to the development of alternative biofuels. While the use of alternative fuels has significantly increased recently, only a few studies have addressed the problem of their ecotoxicity. The main aim of this work was to provide a short review of the \textit{Daphnia magna} acute immobilization test, which has been the most commonly discussed in the literature.
ZONIFICACIÓN PAISAJÍSTICA DE LA HACIENDA EL OCASO, QUIMBAYA, QUINDÍO
Authors: Aguilar-Isaza Nathalia , López-Obando Diana Carolina , Botero-Botero Alvaro , Gómez-Marín Germán Darío
Published: September 2021

Dentro de la Hacienda El Ocaso, encontramos la Reserva natural la montaña del Ocaso que actualmente es el mayor relicto en conservación presente en la zona baja del departamento del Quindío con 148, 84 hectáreas, con el fin de contribuir al modelo de conservación que actualmente adelanta la Universidad del Quindío en dicha área, se planteó como objetivo realizar la zonificación paisajística y caracterización del uso del suelo dentro de la reserva. Desde marzo de 2008 hasta febrero de 2010, se actualizó la cartografía del área, tomando como base una fotografía aérea y con actualización con visitas a campo. Posteriormente, se elaboraron mapas de cobertura vegetal y uso del suelo actual de la Hacienda El Ocaso, mapas de zonas de interés en investigación y conservación, proponiéndose una serie de corredores boscosos que comunican áreas fragmentadas con el fragmento mayor. Dentro de las coberturas vegetales naturales, se evidenciaron tres tipos: guadual, conformado principalmente por Guadua angustifolia, bosque secundario sin la presencia de G. angustifolia y bosque mixto donde se presenta una combinación de guadua y bosque secundario. Actualmente se evidencia un aumento en los últimos 10 años más del 50 % del guadual tanto dentro como fuera de reserva. El bosque protegido ha aumentado en 42,84 ha desde la última medida realizada en el año 2007.
CAMBIOS EN LAS PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DEL SUELO CON LA UTILIZACIÓN DE Dichotomius satanas (Harold, 1867) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: SCARABAEINAE) EN CONDICIONES DE INVERNADERO
Authors: Girón-Vanderhuck Mercedes , Molina-Rico Janneth , Aguirre-Obando Oscar Alexander
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la actividad de los escarabajos coprófagos Dichotomius satanas Harold 1867, alimentados con excremento bovino y porcino, y su efecto sobre los nutrientes de un suelo empobrecido. Para esto, se colectaron ejemplares de D. satanas con 432 trampas pitfall distribuidas en tres sitios del Departamento del Quindío. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó un diseño factorial de bloques completamente al azar con el fin de evaluar los efectos: escarabajos (presencia o ausencia) y tipo de excremento (bovino y porcino) repetidos 4 veces. Los suelos tratados sólo con excremento bovino y porcino experimentaron un descenso significativo en el pH, la C.I.C y el contenido de P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn y Mn. Por el contrario, los suelos tratados con D. satanas y excremento bovino y porcino sufrieron un incremento significativo en el pH, la materia orgánica, la C.I.C y el contenido de P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn y Mn; mientras que, se observó una disminución significativa en la concentración de Fe. El P fue uno de los elementos que más se incrementó (6 a 120 ppm) con la adición de excremento porcino y la actividad de los escarabajos. En este estudio se demuestra que la actividad de D. satanas aumenta significativamente la disponibilidad de nutrientes en un suelo empobrecido tipo andisol, lo que genera uncambiorepresentativoenlaspropiedadesquímicasdelsueloentansólo45días.
DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA DEL ENSAYO DE PROCEDENCIAS Y PROGENIES DE Tabebuiarosea(Bertol.)D.C., ESTABLECIDO CHINCHINÁ-CALDAS,COLOMBIA
Authors: López-González Ana Lucía , Marulanda-Ángel Marta Leonor , Ospina-Penagos Carlos Mario
Published: September 2021

Se evaluó la diversidad genética de Tabebuiarosea del Ensayo de Procedencias y Progenies establecido por Cenicafé en Chinchiná-Caldas,Colombia.Se recolectaron hojas jóvenes de nueve individuos porprogenie, seleccionando al azar tres de los árboles centrales de cada uno de los tres bloques en que están sembradas las progenies. Las hojas se maceraron en nitrógeno líquido y se mezclaron homogéneamente para extraer el ADN. Se utilizaron los marcadores moleculares AFLP con las combinaciones de primers E-AACxM-CTG,E-ACTxM-CATyE-AGCxM-CTG. Se obtuvo un total de 172 bandas, cinco de las cuales fueron monomórficas y 83 se presentaron en una sola de las ocho progenies evaluadas. Se obtuvo agrupamientos en un rango de similitud que osciló entre 0,35-0,59, con base en lo cual se planteó que en los materiales existe una diversidad genética considerable que los hace aptos para los trabajos de mejoramiento genético de los cuales hacen parte, igualmente se asumió que existe parecido entre los acervos genéticos de las procedencias de Centroamérica y la única progenie colombiana incluida en el estudio, debido quizá a que las semillas que dieron origen a los árboles estudiados fueron recolectadas en países ubicados dentro del área de distribución natural de la especie. Los resultados obtenidos son esenciales para iniciar el programa de mejoramiento genético de la especie y evidenciaron la necesidad de incluir un mayor número de progenies colombianas en los ensayos de Cenicafé.
Estudio de la fertilización química y orgánica y su efecto en el cultivo de Maíz (Zea mays.), en una comuna
Authors: Garcia Cabrera Juan Miguel , Castro Piguave Carlos Alberto , Moreno Mera Gaspar Martín
Published: September 2021

Basado al manejo de diversos tipos de fertilizantes de origen orgánico como químico empleados en el cultivo de  Maíz (Zea Mays), se propuso determinar las diferencias dadas en el desarrollo morfológico del cultivo; e identificar la mejor nutrición que permita obtener mayores niveles de  productividad  y  que a su vez establecerá la relación costo-beneficio de los tratamientos establecidos. La metodología aplicada, permitió utilizar un modelo de bloques completamente al azar de cuatro repeticiones, los tratamientos basados en la fertilización fueron a partir  de: Yara, Ecológico, Orgánico, Químico  y un tratamiento testigo al que no se le realizo aplicación alguna de fertilizante; las variables consideradas dentro del proceso evaluativo fueron: altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, largo de hoja, inserción de mazorca, peso de mazorca, peso de tusa, peso de 100 granos, peso de granos, numero de hileras, disposición de las hileras y daños de la mazorca. Los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento Yara alcanzo una mayor productividad obteniendo así 38,31 kg en el peso de la parcela y que a su vez permitió evidenciar un mejor desarrollo morfológico en toda su etapa; estableciendo una altura de planta de 213,78 cm; un diámetro de planta de 72 mm y una longitud de hoja de 101,58 cm; lo cual permite contar  con una mayor capacidad fotosintética gracias a su mayor cobertura foliar.
Perfil químico y actividad antioxidante de aceites esenciales de hierbas aromáticas altoandinas del Perú
Authors: Huaraca Aparco Rosa , Delgado Laime María Del Carmen , Tapia Tadeo Fidelia , Nolasco Carbajal Guido
Published: September 2021

Las hierbas aromáticas tienen una amplia distribución en la región de Apurímac, Perú, donde     encontramos     especies     silvestres y   cultivadas, su   interés   se   basa   en   la presencia de aceites esenciales que contiene componentes bioactivos que son usados como conservantes en la industria de alimentos. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el   perfil   químico   y   actividad   antioxidante de   los   aceites   esenciales   de   Lepechinia meyenii (Walp) Epling y Mentha piperita L. La extracción de aceites esenciales se realizó mediante la destilación por arrastre de vapor de agua a condiciones de sobresaturación. Se determinaron los siguientes parámetros: rendimiento de extracción, densidad relativa e índice de refracción. El perfil químico se realizó mediante la cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrómetria de masas y la actividad antioxidante   mediante   la   eliminación   del radical    libre    1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazilo    y H2O2. (DPPH), como resultado, el porcentaje de rendimiento fue del 0,87 % y 0,56 %, con densidades de 0,942 g/mL y 0,919 g/mL y índice de refracción de 1,4917 y 1,4676 para Lepechinia meyenii (Walp) Epling y Mentha piperita   L.), respectivamente.   Los   aceites esenciales se caracterizaron principalmente por una fracción sesquiterpenoides en un (55,73 %) y con una fracción monoterpenoides en un (55,60 %). La actividad antioxidante fue significante de 4,95-0,06 mg/mL y 7,21-0,21 mg/ mL. Los aceites esenciales a partir de hierbas aromáticas    presentaron    significativamente altos   componentes   químicos   y   actividad antioxidante, siendo    posibles    candidatos antimicrobianos, antioxidantes, antibacterianas para la industria alimentaria.
Enseñanza virtual de la investigación de operaciones durante la COVID-19. Un análisis desde la práctica docente universitaria
Authors: Muyulema-Allaica Juan Carlos , Usca-Veloz Roberto Bernardo , Gavidia-García José Luis , Pucha-Medina Paola Martina
Published: September 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue recoger las reflexiones de la enseñanza virtual de la investigación de operaciones (IO) durante la COVID-19, partiendo de análisis desde la práctica docente universitaria. El método se fundamentó en un ciclo de investigación-acción. El grupo de estudio estuvo conformado por una muestra de 30 docentes universitarios que dictan la asignatura de IO, estratificados en las provincias ecuatorianas de Bolívar, Chimborazo, Manabí, y Tungurahua. Se aplicó dos técnicas de recolección de datos, utilizando la plataforma Zoom y Google Forms. El instrumento fue evaluado por profesores investigadores. Los resultados evidencian que el 93.33% de los estudiantes universitarios soportan problemas en su proceso formativo durante la crisis sanitaria. En conclusión, el estudio, reveló profundas limitaciones de carácter organizativo, administrativo y pedagógico en la implementación de entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, y demostró, la necesidad del establecimiento de nuevos modelos de enseñanza virtual y de sistemas híbridos (presenciales y a distancia) para la docencia.
Intervenção educativa sobre diabetes mellitus em pacientes atendidos em Nova Iguaçu-RJ
Authors: Inocêncio Ribeiro da Silva Emanuel , De Souza Neves Martins Hellen , Rodrigues Teixeira de Castro Renata , Mafra Moreno Adalgiza , Guidone Pereira Sobreira Paula , Walquíria de Carvalho Rúbia , Mistsunao Takana Emílio , Coelho de Almeida Lima Raphael , Rodrigues Teixeira de Castro Roberta
Published: September 2021

Objetivos. Analisar os efeitos da educação em saúde em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus atendidos no Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu-RJ, visando ampliar o conhecimento sobre o cuidado integral e interdisciplinar a respeito da doença. Método. Foi elaborado questionário com perguntas contemplando conhecimento sobre a doença, fatores de risco, formas de controle e tratamento e percepção de risco. Sua aplicação foi realizada em 77 pacientes, em três momentos distinto, pré e pós a realização das palestras e via contato telefônico três meses após a realização das mesmas. Foi utilizado o Teste de McNemar para identificar a retenção do conhecimento pelos pacientes à curto e médico prazo. Resultados. Houve mudança significante em 100% das respostas dos participantes, imediatamente após as oficinas educativas, demonstrando ampliação no conhecimento sobre a doença. Três meses após a intervenção educativa não houve mudança significativamente estatística, demonstrando que a retenção do aprendizado foi eficaz a ponto de perdurar nesse intervalo de tempo. Conclusões. Neste estudo, o intervalo de tempo entre a aplicação do questionário e a realização do recurso educacional não promoveu perda de aprendizado pelos participantes.
INFLUENCE OF HARDENING ON THE PHASE COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF MANGANESE CAST IRON
Authors:   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G.F. Morozov, Kadirmetov A.M. , Popov D.A. ,   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Gurin D.Yu. ,   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Korenkova M.I. ,   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov
Published: September 2021

Studies on the effect of hardening on the structure and properties of manganese cast iron as a promising material for the manufacture of valve seats for internal combustion engines are presented.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE CHOICE OF PROMISING THERMAL CONTROL SCHEMES WHEN DETECTING HIDDEN DEFECTS
Authors:   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G.F. Morozov, Latynin A.V. , Shvyriov A.N. ,   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Nikulin M.A. ,   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Garkusha O.S. ,   Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov
Published: September 2021

The article provides an analysis of design solutions and layout diagrams of de-vices for non-destructive thermal testing. The promising technical solutions and disadvantages of the applied technical solutions are determined.
Nanostructures of 2d Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Hydrogen Generation under
Alkaline Conditions: From Theoretical Models to Practical Electrocatalysts
Authors: Xi Zhexu
Published: September 2021

Hydrogen has been considered as the cleanest renewable energy and the ideal alternative to fossil fuels. Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) via water splitting also plays an indispensable role in high-efficiency energy con- version. Compared with the well-investigated acidic HER, the relatively slow kinetics and unclear mechanism of HER in alkaline environments largely make the design of electrocatalysts a trial-and-error process, retarding the scalable development of efficient, sustainable hydrogen production. Furthermore, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) have been demonstrated to be promising acidic/ alkaline HER catalysts in water electrolysis due to their outstanding atom-level thickness and surface-based properties.
THE ROLE OF VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Алисултанова Э.Д. , Усамов И.Р. , Мамуев А.М.
Published: September 2021

Данное исследование посвящено рассмотрению роли виртуальной и дополненной реальности в учебном процессе. Рассмотрена характеристика виртуальной и дополненной реальности, краткая историческая справка, области применения, и проведен анализ влияния на учебный процесс обучения, выделены основные достоинства и недостатки. Сегодня технологии виртуальной и дополненной реальности развиваются и внедряются в образовательный процесс на государственном уровне. Многие учителя выявили достоинства данной технологии в процессе обучения.

This study focuses on the role of virtual and augmented reality in the educational process. The characteristics of virtual and augmented reality, a brief historical background, areas of application, and most importantly, the analysis of the impact on the educational process of learning is carried out, the main advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Today, virtual and augmented reality technologies are being developed and implemented in the educational process at the state federal level. Many teachers have identified the advantages of this technology in the learning process.
ORGANO-INORGANIC BINDERS FOR REPAIR AND RESTORATION OF TOWER TYPE HISTORY AND CULTURE MONUMENTS
Authors: Шеина С.Г. , Батаев Д. К-С. , Муртазаев С-А. Ю. , Батаева П.Д.
Published: September 2021

В статье делается обзор разработанных органо-неорганических составов растворов каменной кладки стен старинных башенных и некропольных строений Чеченской Республики и Республики Ингушетия. Отмечена перспективность практического применения органо-неорганических вяжущих для ремонта и реставрации памятников истории и культуры, благодаря близкому сходству разработанных составов «материнскому», за счет чего они более эффективны и способствуют повышению качества и долговечности. Исходя из анализа физико-механических свойств раствора для каменной кладки стен объектов культурного наследия рекомендованы три состава.

The article provides an overview of the developed organic-inorganic compositions of masonry solutions for the walls of ancient tower and necropolis structures of the Chechen Republic and the Republic of Ingushetia. The prospects of the practical application of organic-inorganic binders for the repair and restoration of historical and cultural monuments are noted, due to the close similarity of the developed compositions to the "mother", due to which they are more effective and contribute to improving the quality and durability. Based on the analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the mortar for the masonry of the walls of cultural heritage objects, three compositions are recommended.
THE ROLE OF AUTOMATION OF CONTROL AND SAFETY IN THE OPERATION OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Authors: Усамов И.Р. , Кагиров М-А.С-А. , Чалаев Р.М.
Published: September 2021

В данном исследовании рассматривается вопрос актуальности применения систем автоматизации домов в российских реалиях. Проводится обзор всевозможных вариантов автоматизации и основные проблемы с которыми сталкиваются инженера и проектировщики при внедрении механизмов автоматизации. Несмотря на наличие огромного количества различного рода проблем и не решенных вопросов, системы автоматизации домов позволяют экономить до 30% на эксплуатации. В нашей стране за последние 20 лет пересмотрели отношение к автоматизации домов, и начали внедрять технологии автоматизации в нашей стране.

This study examines the relevance of the use of home automation systems in the Russian reality. An overview of all possible automation options and the main problems faced by engineers and designers when implementing automation mechanisms is provided. Despite the presence of a huge number of various problems and unresolved issues, home automation systems allow you to save up to 30% on operation. In our country, over the past 20 years, we have revised the attitude to home automation, and began to introduce automation technologies in our country.
OPERATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Authors: Баснукаев И.Ш. , Ахматова М.И. , Паршоев К.Ш. , Абуев М.А. , Джамалдаев И.М.
Published: September 2021

Одной из ключевых сфер производственной деятельности в современных условиях является строительство. Готовой продукцией строительного производства являются здания и сооружения, которые подлежат дальнейшей эксплуатации в соответствии со своим назначением. В процессе эксплуатации зданий и сооружений осуществляется ряд работ по обеспечению их нормального функционирования, а также безаварийной работы существующих инженерно-технических систем. По мере физического и морального износа строений требуется их текущий и капитальный ремонт, а в отдельных случаях - усиление значимых конструкций. Также может осуществляться реконструкция зданий и сооружений вследствие изменения их функционального назначения. В рамках данной статьи производится исследование проблем эксплуатации и реконструкции зданий и сооружений в современных технологических условиях.

One of the key areas of production activity in modern conditions is construction. The finished products of construction production are buildings and structures that are subject to further operation in accordance with their intended purpose. During the operation of buildings and structures, a number of works are carried out to ensure their normal functioning, as well as the trouble-free operation of existing engineering and technical systems. As the physical and moral deterioration of the buildings requires their current and major repairs, and in some cases - the strengthening of significant structures. The reconstruction of buildings and structures can also be carried out due to changes in their functional purpose. This article examines the problems of operation and reconstruction of buildings and structures in modern technological conditions.
METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS OF STATE REGULATION OF FINANCE
Authors: Мусаев Л.А. , Газалапова М.Х.
Published: September 2021

При помощи финансов государство может осуществлять не только регулирование воспроизводственного процесса как в производимой хозяйствующими субъектами продукции, но также осуществлять обеспечение финансирования потребностей расширенного воспроизводства. В связи с чем, одной из главных целей государственного регулирования финансов предприятий является насколько эффективно происходит их распределение и перераспределение. В данной статье рассматриваются методы и формы финансового регулирования, а также применяемые инструменты такого регулирования. Но, как показала практика, традиционные методы и инструменты финансового регулирования не способны коренным образом изменить ситуацию с финансами организаций, которые нуждаются в помощи от государства. Однако возможности последнего ограничены, необходим поиск новых способов финансовой поддержки хозяйствующих субъектов. В качестве способа увеличения прибыли хозяйствующих субъектов предлагается сокращение дополнительных звеньев в создании цепочки добавленной стоимости на энергоносители, что должно привести к снижению цены на них.

With the help of finance, the state can not only regulate the reproduction process as in the products produced by economic entities, but also provide financing for the needs of expanded reproduction. In this connection, one of the main goals of state regulation of enterprise finances is how effectively they are distributed and redistributed. This article examines the methods and forms of financial regulation, as well as the applied instruments of such regulation. But, as practice has shown, traditional methods and instruments of financial regulation are not able to radically change the situation with the finances of organizations that need assistance from the state. However, the possibilities of the latter are limited, it is necessary to search for new ways of financial support for business entities. As a way to increase the profits of business entities, it is proposed to reduce additional links in the creation of a chain of added value for energy carriers, which should lead to a decrease in their prices.
OPERATION OF WELLS FOR THE PURPOSE OF DEPLOSING ASPHALT-RESINS
Authors: Кадыров Л.Х. , Кутуев М.У. , Абумуслимов А.М-Э. , Муратов А.Т. , Халадов А.Ш.
Published: September 2021

Эксплуатация многих месторождений осложнена наличием в нефти асфальтно-смолистых веществ(АСВ) и их выпадением на внутренней поверхности скважинного и наземного оборудования. Это приводит к существенному уменьшению добычи нефти, вплоть до полного прекращения притока из пласта. В статье рассмотрены методы предотвращения осадков АСВ и их удаления с внутренней поверхности оборудования. В качестве приоритетных методов борьбы с асфальтно -смолистых веществ (АСВ) авторами предлагаются методы химического воздействия.

The operation of many fields is complicated by the presence of asphalt-resinous substances (ASV) in oil and their precipitation on the inner surface of downhole and surface equipment. This leads to a significant decrease in oil production, up to the complete cessation of inflow from the reservoir. The article discusses methods for preventing DIA precipitation and their removal from the inner surface of the equipment. The authors propose methods of chemical action as priority methods for combating asphalt-resinous substances (ASV).
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF INCREASING OIL RECOVERY OF FIELDS IN THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC
Authors: Умаев А.А. , Измаилов А-М.Б. , Мусаев Т-А.У. , Халадов А.Ш.
Published: September 2021

Наряду с совершенствованием эксплуатации скважин и повышением продуктивности за счет работ по воздействию на призабойную зону пласта, одним из главных вопросов является повышение нефтеотдачи пласта. Актуальность этих вопросов не вызывает сомнения применительно к месторождениям Северного Кавказа. Особенные геологическиеусловия присущие продуктивным пластам Чеченской республики (большая глубина залегания, высокая температура и давление, неоднородность коллекторских свойств и т.д.) затрудняют или полностью исключают возможность применения известных методов физико-химического воздействия на пласты с целью интенсификации отборов нефти и повышения нефтеотдачи. На нефтегазодобывающих объектах ЧР применялись основные физико-химические, тепловые и гидродинамические методы повышения нефтеотдачи пластов

Along with improving the operation of wells and increasing productivity due to the work on the impact on the bottomhole formation zone, one of the main issues is the increase in oil recovery. The relevance of these issues does not raise doubts in relation to the fields of the North Caucasus. The special geological conditions inherent in the productive formations of the Chechen Republic (large depth, high temperature and pressure, heterogeneity of reservoir properties, etc.) make it difficult or completely exclude the possibility of using known methods of physicochemical treatment of formations in order to intensify oil production and increase oil recovery. The main physical, chemical, thermal and hydrodynamic methods of enhanced oil recovery were used at oil and gas production facilities in the Chechen Republic
STUDY OF OIL AND GAS PROSPECTIVE STRUCTURES OF THE ARAL SEA REGION WITH THE FORECAST OF THEIR RESERVES
Authors: Курбаниязов С.К.
Published: September 2021

В начале барремского времени море отступило и до начала позднего альба территория представляла собой низменную аккумулятивную равнину, в пределах которой происходило накопление аллювиальных и озерно-аллювиальных отложений: красно-коричневых глин, алевролитов с прослоями коричневых песчаников и песков и линзами темно-серого лигнита. В основании толщи отмечаются гравелиты и конгломераты. В раннемальбе произошла кратковременная трансгрессия моря, однако территория современного Восточного Приаралья не была затоплена и представляла собой прибрежно-морскую равнину, где накапливались глины, алевролиты и песчаники. К концу позднего альба море регрессировало, и территория вновь стала представлять собой низменную аллювиально-озерную равнину. По всей территории происходило накопление пестроцветных глин, зеленовато-серых алевролитов, песков и песчаников, а также углей. При проведении иследовательских работ были обоснованы наиболее перспективные типы ловушек углеводородного сырья по стратиграфическим уровням и выявлена зональность их распространения. Дана оценка перспектив района на выявление залежей нефти и газа. Выделены информативные и качественные признаки (критерии) нефтегазоносности. Обоснованы площади и конкретные структуры для постановки детальных поисковых работ на выявление залежей нефти и газа. Рассчитана оценка потенциальных ресурсов углеводородного сырья.

At the beginning of the Barremian time, the sea receded and until the beginning of the late Alb, the territory was a low-lying accumulative plain, within which the accumulation of alluvial and lacustrine-alluvial deposits occurred: red-brown clays, siltstones with layers of brown sandstones and sands and lenses of dark gray lignite. Gravelites and conglomerates are noted at the base of the strata.In the Rannemalba, there was a short-term transgression of the sea, but the territory of the modern Eastern Aral Sea region was not flooded and was a coastal-sea plain, where clays, siltstones and sandstones accumulated. By the end of the Late Alb, the sea regressed and the area again became a low-lying alluvial-lacustrine plain. There was an accumulation of variegated clays, greenish-gray siltstones, sands and sandstones, as well as coals throughout the territory. During the research work, the most promising types of hydrocarbon traps were justified by stratigraphic levels and the zoning of their distribution was revealed. The assessment of the prospects of the area for the identification of oil and gas deposits is given. Informative and qualitative signs (criteria) of oil and gas potential are identified. The areas and specific structures for setting up detailed search operations to identify oil and gas deposits are justified. The estimation of potential resources of hydrocarbon raw materials is calculated.
ISOLATION OF WATER FLOWS IN THE DEPOSITS OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC
Authors: Халадов А.Ш. , Булчаев Н.Д. , Абумуслимов А.М-Э. , Назиров Т.А. , Гребнев П.С.
Published: September 2021

Серьезной проблемой для разработки нефтяных месторождений является обводнение скважин. В результате разгерметизации скважин по разным причинам происходят заколонные перетоки, приводящие коррозионному разрушению обсадных колон и поступлению в ствол скважины сторонних вод. Необходимость проведения ремонтно-изоляционных работ приводит к длительным простоям скважин, недобору продукции и подорожанию продукции. Авторами предложены технологические схемы изоляции водопритоков и направлению колонн. Предложены эффективные тампонажные основы, которые в ряде нефтяных компаний или неплохие результаты.

Watering of wells is a serious problem for the development of oil fields. As a result of depressurization of wells for various reasons, behind-the-casing flows occur, leading to corrosive destruction of the casing and the ingress of outside water into the wellbore. The need to carry out repair and isolation works leads to long downtime of wells, shortage of products and higher prices for products.The authors proposed technological schemes for the isolation of water inflows and the direction of the columns. Effective grouting bases have been proposed, which in a number of oil companies or good results.
ASSESSMENT OF THE OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF THE PRE-JURASSIC COMPLEX
Authors: Емельянов К.В. , Гребнев П.С. , Яппаров В.Р. , Абумуслимов А.М-Э.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассмотрены перспективы изучения Доюрского комплекса на Севере Западной Сибири, а также результаты испытаний ДЮК в регионе деятельности «Мегионнефтегаза».

The article considers the prospects of studying the pre-jurrasic complex in the North of Western Siberia, as well as the results of the tests of DUK in the region of activity called the «Me- gionneftegaz».
PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY OF SINGLE-FORMED TlInSe2 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: Matiyev A.Ch. , Uspazhiev R.T.
Published: September 2021

Based on the performed studies, it was found that tensile deformation along the [1] crystallographic axis of TlInSe2 crystals shifts the energy of indirect transitions to the short-wavelength region, and the compression deformation, on the contrary, to the long-wavelength region.