bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sleep Traits and Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Kaixin , Zhao Jiaxi , Yang Wenjing , Lin Huagang , Ye Zhibin
Published: October 2022

Background
Epidemiological evidence relating sleep disorders to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has been obscure. The present study is sought to examine sleep characteristics and ESRD.
Methods
For this analysis, we selected genetic instruments for sleep traits from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). As instrumental variables, independent genetic variations linked with seven sleep-related features (sleep duration, getting up in the morning, daytime napping, chronotype of morning/evening person, sleeplessness/insomnia, snoring, and daytime dozing) were chosen. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) study was conducted to assess the causal relationship between sleep traits and ESRD (N = 16405). The reverse MR analysis subsequently determined the causal relationship between ESRD and sleep traits. The causal effects were estimated using inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median. To conduct sensitivity studies, Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel plot were used. To study the potential mediators, risk factor analyses were undertaken further.
Results
Genetically predicted sleeplessness/ insomnia was associated with an increased risk of ESRD(OR = 6.11, 95%CI 1.00-37.3, P = 0.049). Genetic liability to getting up in the morning easily (OR = 0.23, 95%CI 0.063–0.85; P = 0.0278) and non-snoring (OR 4.76E-02, 95%CI 2.29E-03-0.985, P = 0.0488) reduced the risk for ESRD.
Conclusion
The present TSMR reveals possible causal correlations between genetic susceptibility to several sleep traits and the risk of ESRD.
The Pga59 cell wall protein is an amyloid forming protein involved in adhesion and biofilm establishment in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans.
Authors: Bachellier-Bassi Sophie , Mourer Thierry , Ghalid Mennat El , Pehaut-Arnaudet Gérard , Kauffmann Brice , Loquet Antoine , Cabral Vitor , d'Enfert Christophe
Published: October 2022

The human commensal fungus Candida albicans can attach to epithelia or indwelling medical devices and form biofilms, that are highly tolerant to antifungal drugs and can evade the immune response. The cell surface protein Pga59 has been shown to influence adhesion and biofilm formation. Here, we present evidence that Pga59 displays amyloid properties. Using electron microscopy, staining with an amyloid fibre-specific dye and X-ray diffraction experiments, we showed that the predicted amyloid-forming region of Pga59 is sufficient to build up an amyloid fibre in vitro and that recombinant Pga59 can also adopt a cross-β amyloid fibre architecture. Further, mutations impairing Pga59 amyloid assembly led to a diminished adhesion to substrates and reduced biofilm production. Immunogold labelling on amyloid structures extracted from C. albicans revealed that Pga59 is used by the fungal cell to build up amyloids within the cell wall in response to adhesion. Altogether, our results suggest that Pga59 amyloid properties are used by the fungal cell to mediate cell-substrate interactions and biofilm formation.
Transformer-based Denoising Adversarial Variational Entity Resolution
Authors: Li Shuaichao , Wu Huaiguang
Published: October 2022

Entity resolution (ER), precisely identifying different representations of the same real-world entities, is critical for data integration. The ER question has been studied for many years, and many methods have been proposed to solve it. Although deep learning has achieved good performance in ER tasks, there are some challenges regarding manual labelling and model transfer. This paper proposes a novel ER model, Transformer-based Denoising Adversarial Variational Entity Resolution (TdavER). For entity embedding, we develop an unsupervised entity embedding model based on denoising autoencoders and pre-trained language models, which takes corrupted input as training data to motivate the encoder to generate rather stable and robust high-quality entity representations. Furthermore, we propose an unsupervised entity feature transformation model based on adversarial variational autoencoders to remove the constraints on entity representations from training data. This transformation model converts low-level entity embeddings to high-level probability distributions, which are not constrained by the source data and contain deep similarity features. To better implement the feature transformation, we adopt adversarial networks to optimize the variational autoencoder's training process and help it learn the correct posterior distribution. Extensive experiments confirm that the performance of our proposed TdavER is comparable with the current state-of-the-art ER methods and that its entity feature transformation model is transferable.
Dietary Oregano aqueous extract improves growth performance and intestinal health of broilers through modulating gut microbial compositions
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yang Jiantao , Zhan Qinyi , Shi Hao , Li Yanhe , Li Yingge , Yang Xiaojun
Published: October 2022

Background
Intestinal health plays a pivotal role in broiler chicken growth. Oregano aqueous extract (OAE) effectively exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. However, the protective effects of OAE on intestinal health in broilers and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of OAE on growth performance, the gut microbiota and intestinal health. A total of 840 1-day-old male and female broilers (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into 6 groups as follows: basal diet (Con), Con + antibiotics (Anti, Mycolistin sulfate 7 g/kg, Locke sand arsine 35 g/kg), Con + 400, 500, 600 and 700 mg/kg OAE (OAE400, OAE500, OAE600 and OAE700). Subsequently, fermentation in vitro together with oral administration trials were carried out to further assess the function of OAE on intestinal health of broilers.
Results
Dietary 700 mg/kg OAE supplementation resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in body weight and a decrease (P < 0.05) in feed conversion ratio when compared with the control during D22 ~ D42 of the trial. OAE addition resulted in lower (P < 0.05) jejunal crypt depth and mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-10 at D42. In addition, dietary OAE addition increased the abundance of Firmicutes (P = 0.087) and Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) in the cecum, and increased (P < 0.05) the content of acetic acid and butyric acid. In the in vitro fermentation test, OAE significantly increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Lactobacillus, decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Unspecified_Enterobacteriaceae, and increased the content of acetic acid (P < 0.05). In the oral administration trial, higher (P < 0.05) IL-4 expression was found in broilers when oral inoculation with oregano fermentation microorganisms at D42. And SIgA content in the ileum was significantly increased (P = 0.073) when giving OAE fermentation supernatant.
Conclusions
Dietary OAE addition could maintain intestinal health and improve growth performance through enhancing intestinal mucosal immunity and barrier function mediated by gut microbiota changes.
Effects of exogenous abscisic acid on kernel water content of Different Maize Varieties during grain filling
Authors: He Jiawen , Li Chuan , Zhang Meiwei , Zhang Panpan , Niu Jun , Shao Ruixin , Guo Hanxiao , Mu Weilin , Qiao Jiangfang
Published: October 2022

The kernel water content during harvest is the key factor affecting mechanized grain harvest application in China. The kernel water content during corn harvest is affected by the grain filling rate, the water content at physiological maturity, and the dehydration rate after physiological maturity. In this study, two maize varieties with differing dehydration rates: DK517 (fast dehydration) and ZD1002 (slow dehydration), were treated with exogenous ABA after heading and powdering. The effect on grain filling, water content at harvest, yield, and key differential protein expression and metabolic pathways were then determined. Yield was significantly lower in DK517 than ZD1002 after application of exogenous ABA. ABA also had a greater effect on the grain filling rate in DK517, while the timing of maximum grain filling occurred 5.72 days later than that of the control and the active grain filling period was 15.49 days longer. At 60 d after pollination, the grain water content was 23.55% in DK517 and 30.42% in ZD1002, 8.88% higher and 0.26% lower than that of the control, respectively. In DK517, a total of 861 differentially expressed proteins were screened after exogenous ABA application, and of these, 246 were up-regulated and 615 were down-regulated. In ZD1002, 118 proteins were identified, of which 56 were up-regulated and 62 were down-regulated. The findings suggest that application of exogenous ABA has differing effects on the grain filling characteristics of different maize varieties, with a greater overall effect on varieties such as DK517 with a faster dehydration rate.
Assessment between follicular fluid multiple element concentrations and hormonal profiles of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Zou Xiaojie , Chen Yiqin , Ouyang Yang , Hu Shanwen , He Ye , Wu Yan , Wang Wenxiang
Published: October 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women. Follicular fluid quality affects early embryonic development and multiple stages of pregnancy. This study measured 12 elements in follicular fluid and 5 blood hormones, aiming to identify the associations between multielement concentrations, as well as blood hormone levels, and PCOS to investigate the interference of multielement coexposure on PCOS and examine the potential roles of hormones. Eight elements (As, Cu, Se, Sr, V, Zn, Cr, Ca), but not Mg, showed a positive dose–effect relationship with PCOS. The OPLS models of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) with relevant elements showed that Mg, Zn, Fe, Se and V had a more significant effect on FSH and that As, Se, V, Cu and Zn were positively correlated with AMH (VIP > 1). Further analysis indicated a synergistic effect for FSH and Mg, both of which were protective factors against PCOS; the associations between the five elements and PCOS incidence were mediated by AMH. Changes in hormone levels between multielement coexposure and PCOS development suggest that FSH and Mg are protective against PCOS; female exposure to As, Se, V, Cu, and Zn may affect PCOS progression by perturbing AMH levels.
Subject-independent EEG classification of motor imagery based on a dual-branch feature fusion
Authors: Dong Yanqing , Han Dan , Wen Xin , Gao Chengxin , Cao Ruochen , Guo Yuxiang , Xiang Jie , Cao Rui
Published: October 2022

Background: Brain-computer interface (BCI) system helps people with motor dysfunction interact with external environment. With the advancement of technology, the BCI system has been applied in practice, but its practicability and usability are still greatly challenged. A large amount of calibration time is often required before BCI systems are used, which can consume the patient’s energy and patience and can easily lead to anxiety. We propose a subject-independentzero calibration approach to solve this problem.
Methods: A dual-branch multiscale autoencoder network(MSAENet) is proposed realize the subject-independent classification in motor imagery, aiming to realize the plug-and-play of BCI. Firstly, the network consists of a multiscale branch and an autoencoder (AE) for feature learning from different perspectives. Secondly, the covariance between the EEG signal and the common spatial pattern in the 8-30 Hz band was used as spatio-spectral features, and the feature pre-extracted information is used as the input of MSAENet. Finally, The network introduces a central loss function to improve the classification ability. Testing network generalizability on three publicly available datasets BCIIV2a, SMR-BCI, and OpenBMI.
Results: The results show that our proposed network shows good results on all three datasets. In the case of subject-independence, MSAENet outperformed the other four comparison methods on the BCIIV2a and SMR-BCI datasets,while achieving F1 score values as high as 69. 34% on the OpenBMI dataset.Subject-dependent results with the best classification performance were significantly better than the other four advanced comparison methods. Our method can maintain a better classification accuracy while ensuring a small amount of parameters and a short prediction time.
Conclusions: MSAENet verifies the following three points: (1)Spatial frequency domain features can extract effective information from raw EEG signals. (2)Two-branch multiscale feature fusion can extract features more comprehensively. (3)The integration of the central loss function compensates for the fact that Softmax classifiers only consider class spacing and ignore intra-class distance. Our proposed method achieves zero calibration, and the problem that requires a lot of calibration time in BCI applications is effectively solved.Keywords: BCI; Motor imagery; Subject-independent; Feature fusion; Zero Calibration
COL22A1 and DNAH8 mutations are associated with tumor mutation burden and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Zhang Chenchen , SONG Xin , Wang Changming
Published: October 2022

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in patients with tumor around the world. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is most frequent histological subtype in lung cancer. Immune therapy has now become an effective method of treating LUAD. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) shows predictive biomarker potential for identification of cancer patients responding to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The mutation rate of lung adenocarcinoma was the third in various cancers. However, it is not clear whether heterogeneous genetic mutations are associated with TMB and immunity in the patients with LUAD. In our study, First, somatic mutation data of LUAD were downloaded from International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets, and found that 88 same common mutated genes were involved in two cohorts including TNN, TP53, MUC16, CSMD3, RYR2, ZFHX4, LRP1B, USH2A, KRAS, XIRP2, FLG, SPTA1, and so on. Among them, Collagen XXII (COL22A1) and Dynein Axoneme Heavy Chain 8 (DNAH8) mutations were correlated with higher TMB and showed a poorer clinical outcome. Then, In the basis of CIBERSORT algorithm as well as Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we found that COL22A1 or DNAH8 mutation participated in the activation or raising process of immune-related signaling pathways and enhanced antitumor immune reaction. To sum up, COL22A1 or DNAH8 are most common mutated in LUAD, and their mutations are related with higher TMB and poorer prognosis as well as promotes antitumor immunity, which may regard as a biomarker to predict immune reaction.
Differential group delay behavior in homogeneous weakly coupled multicore fiber under bending and twisting condition
Authors: Farooque Umar , Kumar Amit , Singh Sandhir Kumar , Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Ranjan Rakesh
Published: October 2022

The impacts of core count/layout on the mode effective refractive index, bend and twist induced differential group delay (DGD) of different cores, worst-case DGD, and intercore DGD, in weakly coupled homogeneous multicore fibers (WC-HMCFs) have been analyzed to select the proper core layout with low DGD value for a particular core count. Further, in order to calculate the intercore DGD values, the generalized expressions of core pitch for the different core layouts have been derived. Moreover, the impacts of core radius, relative refractive index difference, and core pitch on the mode effective refractive index and DGD levels for the 3-core WC-HMCFs, with linear and triangular core layouts, have been analyzed numerically by using the finite element method based FemSIM simulation platform, and MATLAB. It is observed that for a certain core count value, the core layout and core pitch have significant impacts on the DGD levels; while, the variations in the values of core radius and relative refractive index difference have no significant impact on the DGD levels. Further, increase in core count normally increases the DGD levels in all core layouts. On the other hand, for the fixed values of core count, cladding diameter, and outer cladding thickness, the core layout which has the lowest core pitch leads to the lowest value of intercore DGD, as compared to the other core layouts. The investigations carried out in this work may provide the guidelines in different MCF applications, such as MCF based multi-parameter sensing, signal processing in microwave photonics, etc.
Community types of the human gut virome are associated with endoscopic outcome in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Jansen Daan , Falony Gwen , Vieira-Silva Sara , Simsek Ceren , Marcelis Tine , Caenepeel Clara , Machiels Kathleen , Raes Jeroen , Vermeire Severine , Matthijnssens Jelle
Published: October 2022

Background
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic inflammatory diseases of the gut. IBD patients have an altered gut microbiota; however, the relationship to disease is unknown. The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem and bacterial community-typing is an established approach to condense the microbial complexity into enterotypes. A viral counterpart of enterotypes might allow stratification of individuals based on their gut virome. We aim to investigate the existence of such viral community types and assess the impact of therapeutic outcome (and other covariates) on the gut virome in IBD patients.
Methods
Viral particle enrichment followed by deep sequencing (1.52TB) was performed on 432 faecal samples from 181 IBD patients (CD = 126;UC = 55) starting biological therapy. Redundancy analysis and Dirichlet Multinomial Mixtures were applied to determine covariates of the virome composition and to condense the gut virota into viral community types, respectively.
Results
IBD patients were stratified based on unsupervised machine learning into two viral community types. Community type CA showed a low α-diversity and a high relative abundance of Caudoviricetes [non-CrAss] phages and was associated to the dysbiotic Bact2-enterotype. Community type CrM showed a high α-diversity and a high relative abundance of Caudoviricetes [CrAss] and Malgrandaviricetes phages. The gut virome variation was explained by several factors: patient individuality (75.8%), disease location (1.4%), age (0.5%) and faecal moisture (0.3%), whereas diagnosis did not show a non-redundant effect. Despite our expectations the choice of biological therapy did not show an association with the virome variation. During post-interventional analysis, endoscopic outcome (0.5%) was associated to gut virome variation. Remitting UC, but not CD, patients revealed a high percentage of community type CrM, a high Shannon diversity and a low lysogenic potential. Conversely, non-remitting UC, but not CD, patients revealed a high percentage of community type CA, a low Shannon diversity and a high lysogenic potential. During pre-interventional analysis, we discovered five novel phages associated with treatment success.
Conclusion
The gut virota shows the existence of distinct virome configurations that are associated with endoscopic outcome. Therefore, community typing could be a valuable tool to improve our understanding about IBD subtypes, pathology, and activity.
Can higher SO2 emission tax rates reduce PM2.5 concentration in China's cities? A quasi-natural experiment from the perspective of spatial spillover
Authors: Wang Kaifeng , Liu Yu , Wang Shaochen , Li Chengpeng
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the adoption of SO2 emission tax rates higher than the legal minimum standard is regarded as a noteworthy policy reform in China's cities (quasi-natural experiment), and a spatial Difference-in-Differences (Spatial-DID) model is constructed to test the direct effects (local effects) and indirect effects (spatial spillover effects) of SO2 emission tax policy reform on PM2.5 concentrations in the atmosphere of 285 China's cities. The estimation and calculation results of the Spatial-DID model show that the SO2 emission tax policy reform can significantly suppress local PM2.5 pollution and significantly promote PM2.5 pollution in surrounding areas. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the SO2 emission tax policy reform can produce a relatively more beneficial spatial spillover effect in cities in the eastern region, higher administrative level cities, and pollutant emission rights trade pilot cities. The results of the mediation effect analysis show that the higher SO2 emission tax rate can aggravate the surrounding PM2.5 pollution by promoting the aggregation level of industrial production factors and the industrial SO2 emission intensity in the surrounding areas, which can support the existence of the pollution heaven effect.
Gold Sea Urchins-shaped nanoparticles: synthesis and characterization of energy transducer candidates
Authors: Candreva Angela , Morrone Elena , Deda Massimo La
Published: October 2022

Gold nanospheres and gold nanorods of different sizes have been synthesized by a seed-mediated growth approach. They have been characterized by TEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the photothermal effect of spheres have been tested. By adding a dimethylformamide solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and tetrachloroauric acid to the nanoparticles, an interesting nano-shape, composed of a quasi-spherical core with copious spikes (core size ranging from 50 to 100 nm and spikes from 15 to 50 nm) - just remembering the sea urchins - has been obtained. Depending on the starting sample of nanoparticles (spheres or rods), the size of the core changes, while there are slight variations of the spikes. Plasmonic features in the visible to IR range of the electromagnetic spectrum have been recorded, and it was observed an increase of the photothermal effect by increasing the nanourchins core dimensions.
Osteoclastogenic-inducing effects of fluoroquinolones on human osteoclast and osteoblast co-cultures
Authors: Costa-Rodrigues João
Published: October 2022

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are a broad-spectrum class of antibiotics that may cause some secondary effects in bone tissue, such as delayed fracture healing or osteoarthritis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of five different FQs (ofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin) in osteoclastogenesis, using co-cultures of human osteoclasts and osteoblasts as an in vitro model. It was observed that all FQs, except levofloxacin, promoted an increase in osteoclast formation, gene expression and calcium phosphate resorbing ability, in a dose-dependent manner. MEK and NFkB signaling pathways were involved in cell response, as well as PGE2 production. The observed increase in osteoclastogenesis may be involved in the deleterious effects that FQs may cause in bone tissue.
FDD: The Data Pipeline for Steel Defect Detectors
Authors: Akhyar Fityanul , Liu Ying , Hsu Chao-Yung , Shih Timothy K. , Lin Chih-Yang
Published: October 2022

Surface defects are a common issue that affects product quality in the industrial manufacturing process. Many companies put a lot of effort into developing automated inspection systems to handle this issue. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning-based surface defect inspection system called the forceful steel defect detector (FDD), especially for steel surface defect detection. Our model adopts the state-of-the-art cascade R-CNN as the baseline architecture, and improves it with the deformable convolution and the deformable RoI pooling to adapt to the geometric shape of defects. Besides, our model adopts the guided anchoring region proposal to generate bounding boxes with higher accuracies. Moreover, to enrich the point-of-view of input images, we propose the random scaling and the ultimate scaling techniques in the training and inference process, respectively. The experimental studies on the Severstal steel dataset, NEU steel dataset, and DAGM dataset demonstrate that our proposed model effectively improved the detection accuracy in terms of the average recall (AR) and the mean average precision (mAP) compared to state-of-the-art defect detection methods. We expect our innovation to accelerate the automation of the industrial manufacturing process by increasing productivity and by sustaining high product qualities.
Multifunctional polysaccharide structure as green adsorbent for chlorophenols removal from aqueous solutions: experimental and modeling approaches
Authors: Ferrah Nacer , Merghache Djamila , Chabane Mustapha , Derdour Abdessamed , Mansour Riad , Nouri Tayeb , Cheikh Sid Ahmed , Zerriahen El Housseyn
Published: October 2022

A trifunctional polysaccharide structure based on a biodegradable matrix, Chitosan/Alginate-PolyEthylene-Imine-Phenyl-Phosphonamidic Acid (CHIT/ALG-PEIPPAA) was synthesis via a condensation reaction, using glutaraldehyde as cross linking agent. The aim of this research work is to investigate the chlorophenols adsorption in the batch process from an aqueous medium. The influence of several parameters like pH, time reaction, initial concentration, and ionic strength was followed carefully in this study. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs show a heterogeneous morphology with different particle sizes of agglomerates around a few micrometers, and irregular particles shape. The FTIR spectrum and Zeta potential characterization confirms the presence of several hydrophilic groups and a high positive charge around 31.4 mV for CHIT/ALG-PEIPPAA surface adsorbent. The optimum pH solution for chlorophenols removal was reached at an initial pH of around 4.4. The maximal adsorption capacity was found to be 118 mg.g− 1, and 249 mg.g− 1 under optimum conditions for 4-chlorophenols and 2–4 chlorophenols respectively. The kinetic modeling followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression for both chlorophenols molecules. Thermodynamics data leads to an exothermic and spontaneous adsorption process (∆H = − 6.98KJ.mol− 1; ∆H = − 2.74KJ.mol− 1), respectively for 4-chlorophenols and 2–4 chlorophenols. The regeneration process of CHIT/ALG-PEIPPAA is more favorable in the presence of hydrochloride acid (2.0 mol.L− 1), up to 78%, and 91% of desorption yield for 4-chlorophenols and 2–4 chlorophenols, respectively.
Hyperreflective Material in Patients with Nonneovascular Pachychoroid Disease
Authors: Maruyama-Inoue Maiko , Yanagi Yasuo , Mohamed Shaheeda , Inoue Tatsuya , Kitajima Yoko , Ikeda Shoko , Kadonosono Kazuaki
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to report eleven cases of nonneovascular pachychoroid disease with hyperreflective material (HRM) that occurred in Japanese patients.
Methods: A retrospective review of data from eleven patients who had nonneovascular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) protrusion with HRM in the neurosensory retina between March 2017 and June 2022 was conducted. Clinical examination, color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and OCT angiography data were analyzed for a consecutive series of these eyes. Main Outcome Measures were patient characteristics, changes in SD-OCT findings, and symptom outcomes.
Results:All cases had RPE protrusion and HRM with dilated choroidal veins, which were characteristic of pachychoroid disease. However, none of the cases had macular neovascularization (MNV). In 9 eyes (81.8%), HRM improved spontaneously without intervention and resulted in alterations in RPE, referred to as pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) or focal choroidal excavation (FCE). In these cases, symptoms such as metamorphopsia and distortion improved without treatment. In the remaining two cases (18.2%), HRM still persisted during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: There are some cases of nonneovascular pachychoroid disorder with HRM, which might be a new entity of pachychoroid spectrum disease or an early stage of PPE or FCE. These cases should not be misdiagnosed as MNV, and careful observation is necessary.
Performance of a novel 8-color flow cytometry panel in the detection of minimal residual disease assessment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhao Sishu , Shi Yu , Zhang Ninghan , Guo Zhen , Qiao Chun , Jin Huimin , Zhu Liying , Zhu Huayuan , Li Jianyong , Wu Yujie
Published: October 2022

Background
The status of minimal residual disease (MRD) has been established as an important prognostic indicator in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
Methods
Owing to the requirements of high accuracy, reproducibility and comparability of MRD, this study investigated the performance of a flow cytometric approach (CD45-ROR1 panel) in the MRD detection of CLL patients, with European Research Initiative on CLL (ERIC) 8-color panel as the “gold standard”.
Results
The sensitivity, specificity and concordance rate of CD45-ROR1 panel in the MRD assessment of CLL were 100% (87/87), 88.5% (23/26) and 97.3% (110/113), respectively. Two of the 3 non-consistent samples were further verified by the next-generation sequencing. In addition, the MRD results obtained from the CD45-ROR1 panel were positively associated with the ERIC 8-color results for MRD assessment (R = 0.98, p < 0.0001). MRD detection at low levels (≤ 1.0%) demonstrated a smaller difference between the two methods (bias, -0.11; 95% CI, -0.90-0.68) as compared with that at high levels (>0.1%). For the reproducibility assessment, the bias was smaller at three datapoints in the CD45-ROR1 panel as compared with that of the ERIC 8-color panel. Moreover, MRD level detected using the CD45-ROR1 panel for the same samples between different laboratories showed a strong statistical correlation (R = 0.99, p < 0.0001) with a trivial inter-laboratory variation (bias, 0.135; 95% CI, -0.439-0.709). Interesingly, the MRD level detected in the lymph nodes samples were significantly higher than that of the peripheral blood and bone marrow samples (p = 0.029).
Conclusions
Collectively, this study demonstrates that the CD45-ROR1 panel is a reliable method for the MRD assessment of CLL, with higher sensitivity, reproducibility, and reliability.
CircTNFRSF19 Facilitates Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Growth by Regulating N6-methyladenosine Modification of B3GNT5
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhao Ruipeng
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Accumulated evidence has shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could impact proliferation and apoptosis of TNBC cells. However, the function of circTNFRSF19 has not been discussed in TNBC so far. This study intended to explore the role of circTNFRSF19 in TNBC cell growth and its relevant molecular mechanism.
Methods
RT-qPCR and western blot assays were conducted to detect target gene expression. Functional assays were carried out to access the influence of circTNFRSF19 and B3GNT5 on TNBC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mechanism assays were performed to verify the underlying relationship of circTNFRSF19/IGF2BP2/B3GNT5 axis in TNBC cells.
Results
CircTNFRSF19 demonstrated a higher expression in TNBC tissues and cells. The data also showed that circTNFRSF19 could promote TNBC cell proliferation, while inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanically, it was found that circTNFRSF19 recruited IGF2BP2 to regulate B3GNT5 mRNA expression in TNBC cells, and IGF2BP2 was verified to stabilize B3GNT5 mRNA via m6A modification in TNBC cells. B3GNT5 was also proved to facilitate TNBC cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis.
Conclusion
CircTNFRSF19 is uncovered to facilitate TNBC cell growth by recruiting IGF2BP2 to stabilize B3GNT5 mRNA expression.
Involvement of octopamine in conditioned visual flight orientation in honeybees
Authors: Kobayashi Norihiro , Hasegawa Yuji , Okada Ryuichi , Sakura Midori
Published: October 2022

Visual orientation learning of a tethered flying bee was investigated using a flight simulator with a novel protocol using which orientation preference tests were performed before and after classical conditioning was applied. Either a blue or a green rectangle (conditioned stimulus, CS) was associated with 30% sucrose solution (unconditioned stimulus, US), whereas the other was not paired with US. Bees were tested in a closed-looped flight simulator 5 min after ten pairing presentations of US and CS. Conditioned bees preferentially oriented to the CS compared to the other color. This increase in the preference for CS was maintained for 24 h, indicating that long-term memory was established by this procedure. Because the total flight time was not altered by the conditioning, conditioning did not enhance orientation activity itself but increased the relative time for orientation to CS. When 0.4 or 4 mM epinastine (an antagonist of the octopamine receptor) was injected into the bee’s head 30 min prior to the experiment, both short- and long-term memory formation were significantly impaired, strongly suggesting that octopamine, which is crucial for appetitive olfactory learning in insects, is also involved in visual orientation learning.
Eltrombopag inhibits metastasis via targeting HuR protein in breast carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yao , Zhang Rui , Yang Liuqing , Zhang Pei , Wang Feiyun , Zhu Yuying , Zhang Jiange
Published: October 2022

Background
Metastatic of breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. HuR is an mRNA binding protein, which could regulate mRNA stability of multiple cancer-related genes, including metastasis-related genes Snail, Cox-2 and Vegf-c. Eltrombopag is a small molecule TPO-R agonist which has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth by targeting HuR protein. However, the effect and mechanisms of eltrombopag in breast cancer metastasis has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to investigated the role of eltrombopag in breast cancer metastasis.
Methods
Activity of eltrombopag on molecular level was detected with Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Fluorescence polarization (FP). Scratch wound assay and transwell assays were carried out to verified cell migration and invasion. Moreover, mechanism of HuR-dependent inhibition of breast cancer metastasis was identified with qRT-PCR, mRNA stability assay, RNA immunoprecipitation analysis and luciferase assays. The effect of anti-tumor metastasis in vivo was investigated by in vivo imaging system.
Results
We found that HuR-AREs complexes were disrupted by eltrombopag at molecular levels. Functionally, eltrombopag suppressed 4T1 cell migration and invasion, inhibited macrophage-mediated lymphangiogenesis in vitro. Mechanistically, eltrombopag was verified to inhibit the expression of Snail, Cox-2, Vegf-c in 4T1 cells and Vegf-c in RAW264.7 cells through targeting HuR. Finally, eltrombopag exerts inhibitory effects in lung metastasis and lymph node metastasis in vivo.
Conclusions
Eltrombopag display anti-metastasis activity in breast cancer with HuR dependent manner, which may provide a novel application of eltrombopag and imply the multiple effects of HuR inhibitors in cancer therapy.
Nutritional Assessment Among khalwa students at El-Mergania and Khogali Abo Al-Jaz khalawi, Khartoum state, Sudan 2021.
Authors: Gasoma Elmuhtadi , Al-Sir Ali , Mohammed Samah , Tarig Gotof
Published: October 2022

Background : Nutritional assessment is the systematic process of collecting and interpreting information in order to make decisions about the nature and cause of nutrition related health issues that affect an individual. The process promotes consistent quality of practice; is user friendly; and allows effective monitoring of patients. Khalawi are traditional religious schools, they are very popular in Sudan. The Khalawi (Quran Schools) and Maseeds (Mosques) played and are still playing great roles in designing the consciences of the people of Sudan. They were the available institutions where people learnt teachings of Islam as well as the formal education. Most of them were established by Shiekhs and well-wishers. That distinguish those institutions is that most of them were established in remote and isolated spots of land where no one wanted to live. khalwa students are considered to be at high risk of nutritional problems due to several factors the most important of them are poor self-hygiene, high contamination area and the type of food which mainly depend on sorghum .
Methods : Study population was 150 students ranged from 8 – 18 years old, lived at least for one year in the khalwa. Informed consent was obtained. The study was In two stages and used complementary qualitative and quantitative methods. Stage one involved in-depth, face-to-face, interview with key informants. Stage two involved assessment of nutritional status of students using interview questionnaire and anthropometric measurement.
Results : we found that most of them aged from 13-15 years old, with few less or more. They eat together in groups (4-7 students) or even more which lack organization and specific categorization according to age or any other parameters. 38 students those represent substantial percentage (25 %) are underweight, which is exactly the quarter of the total sample size which indeed a devastating matter of fact, especially these khalawi are located at the center of the capital city.
Conclusion : The lack of informations , researches and knowledge regarding those particular group of people whom are at increasing risk of malnutrition necessitate the conduction of this study to work as a corner-stone for further researches later on which all directed toward improving and maintaining a proper studying and living environment .
Building a mathematical model to prevent hydrate formation in gas pipelines
Authors: Gurbanov Abdulaga , Sardarova Ijabika , Damirova Javida
Published: October 2022

Development of mathematical models of laminar gas flow in certainty and uncertainty conditions were considered. All factors that influence to character of flow of gas in pipeline and conditions of arising of hydrate inside of pipeline wall are analyzed. Results of analyze were used for development mathematical model of gas flow in pipeline that allow to calculate main parameters of hydrate deposition process. Model of gas flow consist of three non-linear differential equations that can be solved by exist soft wares. Two and three-dimension characteristic obtained, that describe of quantity of hydrate deposited at given process depending on time.

Besides, the effectiveness of using DELPHI 7 software to determine the preparation of gas for transportation and the hydrates formed during transportation and its prevention based on the results of the application software was discussed. As a result, the change in cross-sectional area of the pipeline of hydrates formed on the inner surface of the pipeline is shown in 3D. Hydrate formation and elimination are visually represented by graphs. The results of theoretical and practical studies of changes in the inner surface of the pipeline depending on temperature and pressure have been identified. All this was investigated during quasi-stationary gas flow in the pipelines and the results were obtained.

The assumes regarding calculation of parameters of gas flow were determined and necessary recommendations for applying of developed model in different conditions with taking account of temperature and pressure variation and depending on time of hydrate deposition were presented. The diagram of gas-hydrate separation boundary considered for detailed analysis of process
Assessment and predictors of blood glucose levels in hypertensives attending a secondary health centre: relationship with physical activity and diet quality
Authors: Azeez Ismaheel Aderogba , Fasanmade Adesoji Adedipe , Ilori Temitope
Published: October 2022

The aim: this study aims to assess the prevalence of hyperglycaemia, the association between diet quality, physical exercise and blood glucose levels among hypertensives attending a secondary health centre in Nigeria. There is a paucity of data concerning these issues and the study would contribute positively to future management of the patients.

Methods: the study was a cross-sectional study of 354 hypertensives that was conducted at the State Hospital, Oyo, Nigeria. The systematic sampling technique was used to recruit patients, and the data were analysed using SPSS software version 23. Linear regression was done to determine the predictors of hyperglycaemia, and logistic regression was done to determine the predictors of diet quality.

Results: the mean age of the respondents was 52.60(SD±8.26) years. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in this cohort was 19.60 %. The association of glycated haemoglobin (HbAic) with High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) was negative, weak in strength and statistically significant (p-value=0.034). For every 1 unit decrease in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), there was a statistically significant increase in HbAic by about 0.383 units (95 % C.I equals -0.737 to -0.029, p-value=0.034). For every 1 unit increase in total Cholesterol, there was a significant increase in HbAic by about 0.158 units (95 % CI equals 0.007 to 0.308, p-value=0.04). Age group <45 years were about 2 times less likely to have good diet quality than those of 55 years and above (OR=0.502; 95 % CI=0.270 – 0.932, p-value=0.029).

Conclusions: the study has assisted to characterise this population of hypertensives in terms of serum glucose levels. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia was high among these hypertensives. The predictors of hyperglycaemia were HDL and Cholesterol. Also, the predictor of good diet quality was the age of the respondents
Medical and biological studies of meat polycomponent products based on regional raw materials
Authors: Pasichnyi Vasyl , Tischenko Vasyl , Bozhko Nataliia , Marynin Andriy , Moskaluyk Oksana , Geredchuk Alina
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the medical and biological safety of consumption of multicomponent meat-rich semi-finished products and semi-smoked sausage. When creating functional products, the approach of multi-ingredient modeling of the future product is applied according to the principle of adding nutritional and biological value. The multi-component nature of the constituent ingredients with different chemical composition makes it possible to obtain products with specified characteristics. There is a problem of ensuring the food safety of the developed product during production, storage and consumption of finished products.

The purpose of the study was to study the effect of the developed meat-containing polycomponent semi-finished products and semi-smoked sausage on the growth dynamics and the level of metabolic processes of experimental rats when they are introduced into the standard diets of animals in the amount of 30 %. The work was performed on 36 white non-linear rats weighing 160–200 g.

Medical and biological studies of multicomponent meat-containing products have shown their absence of a negative effect on the growth and development of animals, the level of metabolic processes during the growth period.

It has been established, that feeding rats with meat-rich polycomponent products in the amount of 30 % of the standard diet increases the live weight of rats by 33–38 % within 3 weeks. Anatomopathological changes in the internal organs of the experimental rats were not detected.

The inclusion of meat-rich multicomponent products in the diet of rats promotes the strengthening of hematological processes in the body, increases the concentration of erythrocytes in the blood to 8.01±0.11·1012/l, which is 12.7 % higher, compared to the control animals, increases the hemoglobin content in erythrocytes by 45.83–58.33 % higher, compared to the control animals.

It has been proven, that the consumption of meat-containing multicomponent products by rats leads to an increase in the concentration of total protein by 4.79 %, hemoglobin by 42.12 %, and creatinine by 19.68 %. Enhanced protein synthesis due to intensification of catabolism leads to an increase in bilirubin concentration by 19.12–21.97 % compared to the control rats
Determination of the species structure of phytocenoses of the natural age oak forest of the Dendrological Park "Olexandria" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors: Boiko Nataliia , Dragan Nina , Doiko Nataliia , Pydorych Yuriy , Krivdyuk Larisa
Published: October 2022

The modern species composition of woody plants of the centuries-old oak grove of the State Dendrological Park "Olexandria" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was studied.

The work was carried out as part of the study of the dynamics of stands of oak phytocenoses under conditions of anthropogenic load, technogenic pollution and weather fluctuations.

It has been established that the oak grove of the arboretum with an area of 446 hectares out of 2000 oaks is a complex multi-species planting. The floristic core of the oak forest consists of the main forest-forming species characteristic of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine: Quercus robur, Acer platanoides L. and Acer campestre L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Tilia cordata Mill., Carpinus betulus L., Ulmus scabra Mill. The role of the dominant species and edificator was retained by Quercus robur. In the worst growing conditions, monodominant stands are formed. In more favorable ecotopes in the upper tree layer, the participation of Quercus robur is 70–100 %, and its codominant satellites (Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Fraxinus excelsior) are 10 % each. All oak forest phytocenoses have a well-developed multi-species second tree layer: Acer platanoides (15–80 % in various phytocenoses), Acer campestre (10–30 %), Tilia cordata (10–60 %), in some phytocenoses Fraxinus excelsior (10–20 %), Ulmus scabra (10–20 %), Carpinus betulus (30 %).

The group of asectators is diverse and is represented by small species, local and adventive species, introducers, including invasive species.

A characteristic feature of the oak forest is its exorbitant crushing, which, along with the massive introduction of introduced species, caused a powerful ecotonization of the oak forest and formed the cells of the greatest mortality of Quercus robur.

The conducted studies establish the modern species composition of the oak forest and are the basis for the study of succession processes in oak forest phytocenoses.
Design and Evaluation of Dual Release from Anacardic Acid-Based Polyurea Nanocapsules Components
Authors: Oliveira Sâmeque , Uchoa Antonia , Moreira Denise , Petzhold Cesar , Weiss Clemens , Landfester Katharina , Ricardo Nágila
Published: October 2022

Anacardic acid (AA) is a bioactive phytochemical found in the nutshell of Anacardium occidentale, a tropical plant originally from Brazil. In this work, cross-linked anacardic acid nanocapsules (NC) were obtained by interfacial polymerization carried out using the inverse miniemulsion technique with 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI). For this purpose, a functionalized monomer from AA was synthesized for formation of lipase-cleavable ester linkages by coupling of amino acids. The synthesis was planned so that when these ester linkages get exposed to an enzyme, they are broken down and release AA. Furthermore, the N-termini of the coupled amino compounds were used as sites for the polyaddition with TDI at the droplet interface in the inverse miniemulsion. The permeability of the shell was studied on the fluorescent dye, sulforhodamine 101 (SR101), using fluorescence spectroscopy. After redispersion in water, the enzymatic cleavage of NC and the release of the SR101 were both monitored in real time. The released AA was proven to be active in vitro against Bacillus subtilis colonies in the bacterial tests. The results indicate that the use of NC is a promising strategy, which can make feasible the application of AA for therapeutic purposes and as nanocarriers for the delivery of active components.
Роль эмоций в коллаборативном обучении иностранным языкам
Authors: Рафикова А.С.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the influence of emotional variables on the effectiveness of foreign language learning, in particular in terms of collaborative learning. The advantages of collaborative foreign language learning, the role of anxiety and enjoyment in the process of the foreign language learning, the importance of emotional regulation are described.