bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-step numerical simulation of the heat transfer from a flat plate to a swirling jet flow from a rotating pipe
Authors: Granados-Ortiz Francisco-Javier , Ortega-Casanova Joaquin , Lai Choi-Hong
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Impinging jets have been widely studied, and the addition of swirl has been found to be beneﬁcial to heat transfer. As there is no literature on Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes equations (RANS) nor experimental data of swirling jet flows generated by a rotating pipe, the purpose of this study is to ﬁll such gap by providing results on the performance of this type of design.

Design/methodology/approach

As the flow has a different behaviour at different parts of the design, the same turbulent model cannot be used for the full domain. To overcome this complexity, the simulation is split into two coupled stages. This is an alternative to use the costly Reynold stress model (RSM) for the rotating pipe simulation and the SST k-ω model for the impingement.

Findings

The addition of swirl by means of a rotating pipe with a swirl intensity ranging from 0 up to 0.5 affects the velocity profiles, but has no remarkable effect on the spreading angle. The heat transfer is increased with respect to a non-swirling flow only at short nozzle-to-plate distances H/D < 6, where H is the distance and D is the diameter of the pipe. For the impinging zone, the highest average heat transfer is achieved at H/D = 5 with swirl intensity S = 0.5. This is the highest swirl studied in this work.

Research limitations/implications

High-fidelity simulations or experimental analysis may provide reliable data for higher swirl intensities, which are not covered in this work.

Practical implications

This two-step approach and the data provided is of interest to other related investigations (e.g. using arrays of jets or other surfaces than flat plates).

Originality/value

This paper is the first of its kind RANS simulation of the heat transfer from a flat plate to a swirling impinging jet flow issuing from a rotating pipe. An extensive study of these computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations has been carried out with the emphasis of splitting the large domain into two parts to facilitate the use of different turbulent models and periodic boundary conditions for the flow confined in the pipe.
Comparative study of conjugate heat transfer in a single-phase flow in wavy and raccoon microchannels
Authors: Tiwari Nishant , Moharana Manoj Kumar
Published: December 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to emphasize on studying various geometrical modification performed in wavy and raccoon microchannel by manipulating parameters, i.e. waviness (γ), expansion factor (α), wall to fluid thermal conductivity ratio (ksf), substrate thickness to channel height ratio (dsf) and Reynolds number (Re) for obtaining optimum parameter(s) that leads to higher heat dissipation rate.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-dimensional solid-fluid conjugate heat transfer numerical model is designed to capture flow characteristics and heat transfer in single-phase laminar flow microchannels. The governing equations are solved using finite volume method.

Findings

The results are presented in terms of average base temperature, average Nusselt number, pressure drop, dimensionless local heat flux, dimensionless wall and bulk fluid temperature, local Nusselt number and performance factor including axial conduction number. Heat dissipation rate with raccoon microchannel configuration is found to be higher compared to straight and wavy microchannel. With waviness of γ = 0.167, and 0.267 in wavy and raccoon microchannel, respectively, performance factor attains maximum value compared to other waviness for all values of Reynolds number. It is also found that the effect of axial wall conduction in wavy and raccoon microchannel is negligible. Additionally, thermal performance of wavy and raccoon microchannel is compared with straight microchannel.

Practical implications

In recent past years, much complex design of microchannel has been proposed for heat transfer enhancement, but the feasibility of available manufacturing techniques to fabricate complex geometries is still questionable. However, fabrication of wavy and raccoon microchannel is easy, and their heat dissipation capability is higher.

Originality/value

This makes the difference in wall and bulk fluid temperature smaller. Thus, present work highlighted the dominance of axial wall conduction on thermal and hydrodynamic performance of wavy and raccoon microchannel under conjugate heat transfer situation.
Determinants of adoption of climate-smart agriculture technologies in rice production in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Nhat Lam Duyen , Rañola, Roberto F. , Ole Sander Bjoern , Reiner Wassmann , Nguyen Dinh Tien , Nong Nguyen Khanh Ngoc
Published: December 2019

Purpose

In recent years, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) was introduced to Vietnam to enhance farmers’ resilience and adaptation to climate change. Among the climate-smart agricultural technologies (CSATs) introduced were water-saving techniques and improved stress tolerant varieties. This study aims to examine the determinants of farmers’ adoption of these technologies and the effects of their adoption on net rice income (NRI) in three provinces as follows: Thai Binh (North), Ha Tinh (Central) and Bac Lieu (South).

Design/methodology/approach

Determinants of adoption of CSATs and the adoption effects on NRI are analyzed by using a multinomial endogenous switching regression framework.

Findings

The results showed that gender, age, number of family workers, climate-related factors, farm characteristics, distance to markets, access to climate information, confidence on the know-how of extension workers, membership in social/agricultural groups and attitude toward risk were the major factors affecting the decision to adopt CSATs. However, the effects of these factors on the adoption of CSATs varied across three provinces. These technologies when adopted tend to increase NRI but the increase is much greater when these are combined.

Practical implications

It is important to consider first the appropriateness of the CSA packages to the specific conditions of the target areas before they are promoted. It is also necessary to enhance the technical capacity of local extension workers and provide farmers more training on CSATs.

Originality/value

This study is the first attempt to identify key determinants of adoption of CSATs either singly or in combination and the adoption effects on NRI in Vietnam.
When all else fails: amateur radio becomes lifeline of communications during a disaster
Authors: Gill Gursimran Singh
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the past events where communication challenges have occurred during a disaster, and events in which amateur radio had played a vital role in creating reliable communication links during the disaster response. Furthermore, this paper identifies the modern technology available with amateur radio operators that can be used to create reliable communication networks in order to meet the high demand of disaster communication.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper the author has conducted an integrative literature review, while analyzing case studies of disasters where communication challenges have occurred and the amateur radio has provided communication support during a disaster response.

Findings

In today’s world there is a heavy reliance on centralized communications infrastructure such as cell towers, which are very likely to fail during a disaster. Failure or overload of such infrastructure will cause disruptions in communications and make the disaster response inefficient. Amateur radio does not rely on centralized communications infrastructure, and has the ability to be used to meet the demand during many disaster situations. Thus, it is very important for emergency professionals to understand the value of including amateur radio operators in emergency operations plans.

Research limitations/implications

Research is qualitative in nature, with an aim to write a short paper introducing the issues of Disaster Communications.

Originality/value

This paper is intended to provide an insight about the importance of reliable communications during a disaster. Communication interruptions can create a lot of problems and cause inadequate coordination between response agencies. In order to mitigate such challenges it is crucial to study the vital role of amateur radio in supporting the communications when all other mediums of communication fail.
Institutional drivers, historical determinism, and economic development in Mozambique
Authors: Brites Pereira Luis , Luiz John Manuel
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the evolution of political and economic institutions, their persistence and interdependence and their effects on economic progress in Mozambique.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a unique data set, which has developed detailed long-run indices of institutional change in Mozambique from 1900 onwards, the research utilizes time-series econometrics to estimate cointegration relations and Vector Autoregressive and Vector Error Correction models, and also Granger causality, correlation and residual analysis when interpreting the estimation results.

Findings

It shows support for path dependence in political and economic institutions as well as the critical juncture theory and modernization hypothesis, and for webs of association between these institutions and economic development. It provides evidence of an equilibrium-dependent process, where history does matter (as do early conditions), and whose impact may differ depending on the nature of institutional arrangements. Various institutions created during colonial times have a bearing on the present state of institutions in Mozambique, as reflected in important continuities regarding the forms of political economy, among others.

Originality/value

The work contributes to existing research not only through the employment of a new set of institutional measures, which allows for a particularly long time-series investigation in a developing country setting, but also through its contribution to studies on modernization and critical junctures but in a longitudinal manner which allows for the exploration of complex dynamics embedded within a country’s particular political economy. The implications are far-reaching and carry importance beyond the academy given the pressure on policymakers to get things right because of the persistence of institutions and their consequences and the associated path dependency.
Exploring the dual nature of supplier relationship commitment on buyer behaviors
Authors: Verghese Anto John , Koufteros Xenophon , Peters Richard
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The authors argue that the supplier’s perspective in managing buyers using relationship commitment is incomplete. The primary reasons for incompleteness are that: the effects of the two types of relationship commitment (i.e. affective and continuance) on buyer behaviors (i.e. individualized consideration and opportunism) are largely ignored from a supplier’s perspective; there is quandary regarding the effects of the two relationship commitment types in a relationship, whether they are favorable or not; and there is also ambiguity regarding the conditions under which relationship commitment types might serve as effective relational governance mechanisms. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors employ survey data obtained from 207 suppliers to test the hypotheses using structural equations modeling.

Findings

The authors extend contemporary knowledge on supplier relationship commitment by revealing that at high-levels of buyer-leverage, supplier affective commitment can induce buyer opportunism and supplier continuance commitment can induce buyer individualized consideration. Furthermore, buyer-leverage positively moderates the interaction effect of supplier commitment types to promote buyer opportunism.

Research limitations/implications

The authors do not examine a buyer’s perspective, but from a supplier’s perspective, suppliers can maximize their benefits from their relationship commitment by embracing affective commitment while ensuring that buyers do not have excessive leverage.

Originality/value

The study presents a significant contribution to the extant literature on relationship commitment by probing the dual nature of supplier relationship commitment; albeit for specific configurations of commitment types and buyer-leverage.
The impact of the level of customer satisfaction on the quality of e-commerce services
Authors: Gajewska Teresa , Zimon Dominik , Kaczor Grzegorz , Madzík Peter
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of surveys conducted in the field of level of e-commerce services quality. The criteria of quality of e-commerce services were identified. On this basis the hierarchy of importance of the adopted criteria for e-commerce service quality were proposed.

Design/methodology/approach

The level of customer satisfaction was measured using the Servqual method. In order to compare two groups: the quality of e-commerce services before purchase and the quality of e-commerce services after the purchase, a student’st-test was used. To check if the relations between variables are sufficient to carry out the factor analysis (sampling adequacy), the Keizer–Meyer–Olkin test was used. The scope of the research included 23 selected criteria of customers satisfaction.

Findings

A comparison of the Servqual weighted and unweighted results shows that customers valued the guarantee/safety dimension the most. It can therefore be expected that customers perceive e-commerce services with increasing trust and consider them increasingly reliable which is also confirmed by the growing tendencies in the forecasts of e-commerce services in Poland.

Originality/value

Research allows to know the opinion and expectations related to the quality of services provided in the analysed area and to develop the strategy of company. The most important indicator of the quality of e-commerce services remains reliability (weighting = 0.34). However, the noticeable difference in opinions concerns the tangible elements index compared to the results of the Berry and Parasuraman team and amounted to 0.20.
Client protection and sustainable performance in microfinance institution
Authors: Bakar Nor Maisarah , Abdul Rahman Rashidah , Ibrahim Zuraeda
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) provide credit to low-income beneficiaries, enabling them to gain access to financial assistance. To ensure that clients are protected, all MFIs should adhere to basic corporate governance principles to guarantee uniform standards, transparency and good corporate governance practices in their institutions. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the client protection practices and sustainable performance of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM), a leading MFI in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

Closed-ended questionnaires were distributed to managers and assistant managers at 76 AIM branches across the peninsular Malaysia. A response rate of 68 per cent was achieved from the total questionnaires distributed.

Findings

The result shows that the level of client protection in AIM is high. It shows that accountability and debt collection process have a significant influence on the level of sustainable performance of AIM, whereas transparency and transaction costs have an insignificant impact on the level of sustainability of AIM. Consistent with the agency theory and institutional theory, the result also implies that having better debt collection process policy and structure, and accountability among management will enhance the level of sustainability of AIM.

Originality/value

Previous studies focused on the single issue of sustainability in microfinance, such as on repayment performance among the poorest people whom AIM served as clients. However, studies on the accountability towards clients are still underdeveloped by researchers. Hence, the current study fills the gap by examining whether client protection affects the sustainability of AIM.
Muddied living: making home with dog companions
Authors: Cudworth Erika
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Focusing on everyday lives and relationships within the household, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that the quality of “home” is altered by the presence of animal companions. Conceptions of home as a haven have been critiqued on grounds of the elision of power relations, yet home has also been understood as a place of resistance to, and refuge from, an exploitative and exclusionary public world. Acknowledging differentiated relations of power and understanding homemaking as a process, this paper investigates the playing out of species relations within home space.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper draws on empirical material from a study of companion species in households and public spaces, deploying ethnographic material gained through extended observation and semi-structured and often mobile interviews with dog “owners” in urban and rural contexts in the UK.

Findings

Dogs transform domestic space through muddying human lives. This process is twofold. First, life in posthumanist households problematizes boundaries between humans and other creatures in terms of relationships, behaviour and use of space. Second, muddied living involves breaching and maintaining domestic order. Muddied living is characterised by tension, power and compromise. Homes are posthuman not just by including non-human animals, but through elements of dog agency in how home is made.

Originality/value

Little has been written of “home” within sociology, despite “home” capturing a range of social practice. Sociologists examining human–animal companion relations have not considered how relations play out in home space. This paper investigates home as a shared space of multispecies interaction, making the case for a posthuman sociology of home.
Occupational health in mental health services: a qualitative study
Authors: Oates Jennifer , Hassan Rasiha
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore occupational health (OH) clinicians’ perspectives on employee mental health in the mental health workplace in the English National Health Service.

Design/methodology/approach

Thematic analysis of data from seven semi-structured interviews is performed in this paper.

Findings

Three themes emerged under the core theme of “Situating OH services”: “the Uniqueness of the mental health service setting”, “the Limitations of OH services” and “the Meaning of mental health at work”. An important finding came from the first theme that management referrals in mental health may be due to disputes about workers’ fitness to face violence and aggression, a common feature of their working environment.

Research limitations/implications

This was a small scale study of a previously unresearched population.

Practical implications

These findings should be used to refine and standardise OH provision for mental healthcare workers, with a particular focus on exposure to violence and workers’ potential “lived experience” of mental illness as features of the mental health care workplace.

Originality/value

This is the first study to explore OH clinicians’ perspectives on the mental health service working environment.
The impact of the macro-environment on consumer scepticism towards cause-related marketing
Authors: Priporas Constantinos-Vasilios , Kamenidou Irene (Eirini) , Nguyen Nga , Shams Riad
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the macro-environment influences consumer scepticism towards cause-related marketing (CRM), especially in a turbulent economic setting.

Design/methodology/approach

An exploratory qualitative research study utilising open-ended, semi-structured Skype interviews with 26 respondents was conducted in a country experiencing economic crisis.

Findings

The findings demonstrate that respondents hold a strong scepticism towards CRM campaigns and they are more negative towards the CRM campaigns initiated by foreign enterprises as compared to the domestic ones. This can be attributed to ethnocentrism, or even antipathy or animosity towards foreign companies due to crisis. Furthermore, results reveal that the political and legal elements of the macro-environment have an impact on consumer scepticism towards CRM campaigns, while the impact of the economic crisis itself did not seem to be equally significant.

Originality/value

This work contributes to the existing literature of CRM as it is the first study that explores the impact of macro-environmental elements on consumer scepticism towards CRM within an economic turbulence setting.
Applying the Zaltman metaphor elicitation technique on understanding place image
Authors: Truong Van-Anh T.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Danang – a heritage gateway, a socioeconomic urban of Central Vietnam – has been known as a livable city, a fantastic destination and a leading position in the Provincial Competitive Index. Since branding Danang appears to be unfocused, it is suggested that the city follow a strategy to meet the shared expectations of stakeholders instead of trying to create separate images toward different audiences. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

Therefore, this study selects the bottom-up approach from the viewpoint of Danang students whose requirement is consistent with those of investors, citizens and tourists.

Findings

The finding represents the initial associations of students about Danang as a livable, friendly, dynamic, modern coastal city of tourism and development with many opportunities, potential, attraction, integration and hometown feel. These salient images are exceeded from city characteristics, such as natural endowment, leisure places, beautiful scenes, diverse cuisine, peaceful, suitable living environment, orderly traffic, infrastructure and local people. Besides, crowded caused by development and population growth leads to an unpleasant feeling about narrow spaces but can be overwhelmed by the bustle. Although the result shows the success of Danang in communication, it also figures out the loss of the livable image in local students’ minds.

Practical implications

Hence, Danang must boost the positive effects of tourism development and limit its negative side. University–city cooperation through co-branding strategies can be considered a solution.

Originality/value

The study contributes not only to branding Danang but also to the literature because this is the first complete application of the Zaltman metaphor elicitation technique in city branding.
Factors influencing the learning of accounting information systems (AIS)
Authors: Moradi Mahdi , Tarighi Hossein , Hosseinipour Reza , Saravani Mahdi
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting the students’ learning of the concepts of the accounting information systems (AIS) in Iran.

Design/methodology/approach

The statistical population of the study is the accounting and auditing students (Master’s degree) who have the lesson of AIS at state and private universities, as well as the institutes of higher education in 2017. The Likert scale has been used to design questionnaires. Further, the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with the partial least squares technique.

Findings

Overall, after analyzing and comparing the results of the hypotheses, it was found that, respectively, “assistance to students,” “the power of critical thinking,” “academic professors skills,” “kind of transition to university,” “AIS course structure,” “proper timing of AIS presentation,“ “presentation of a prerequisite course” and finally, “appreciation of AIS” have the greatest impact on the level of student learning in AIS lesson. The results of this paper showed that “teaching style” and “having the previous background of the information system concepts” do not have a statistically significant effect on students’ general learning.

Originality/value

Without any overstatement, this paper will warn educational authorities in emerging countries that lack of attention to factors affecting university students’ learning can have serious consequences for the market of a country. Other than that, this paper will make university professors aware of the effects of effective methods for better student learning in the field of information technology, so that they can make a better assessment of the importance of AIS course.
Factors associated with patient delay among tuberculosis patients in border hospitals, Chiang Rai province, Thailand
Authors: Sikkhajan Yotsanon , Sirichokchatchawan Wandee
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors associated with patient delay among tuberculosis patients in border hospitals, Chiang Rai province, Thailand.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the four biggest border hospitals in Chiang Rai province, Thailand during May to July 2018 among 103 identified TB cases. Data were collected by a face-to-face interview with structured questionnaire on patients’ general characteristics, HIV status and patient delay status. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the patients’ general characteristics, HIV and patient delay status. The association among variables and patient delay was analyzed by χ2-test. The variables with p-value<0.20 obtained in bivariate analysis were further analyzed by binary logistic regression and considered significant with p-value<0.05.

Findings

All patients enrolled, most were reported with patient delay (65.0 percent). Bivariate analysis demonstrated that level of education, nationality and HIV status were associated factors for patient delay. Among these factors, binary logistic regression revealed that HIV negative TB patients were increased 6.806-fold odds of being patient delay (OR = 6.806; 95% CI: 1.174–39.462), while non-Thai TB patients were also increased 2.824-fold odds of being patient delay (OR = 2.824; 95% CI: 1.041–7.660).

Originality/value

Patient delay among TB patients in Chiang Rai province was high. This study further supports the requirement on promoting of TB knowledge and awareness emphasized on non-Thai population and general public along the border areas of Chiang Rai province.
Work-environmental determinants of mass fainting illness among textile factory workers
Authors: Phy Maly , Pungpeng Twisuk , Boonshuyar Chaweewon , Chartananondh Thanu
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a brief screening instrument to identify risk factors of factory workers experiencing mass fainting illness (MFI) due to work-environmental determinants.

Design/methodology/approach

A factory-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 740 workers in October 2017 and was completed with face-to-face interviews. Data analyses included univariate logistic regression, backward stepwise linear regression and multiple logistic regression. Sum scores on significant items and receiver operator characteristic curves were used to compute potential cut-off points and the sensitivity and specificity rates.

Findings

Significant work-environmental factors were identified as working at very high speeds, having less influence on the choice of working partners, perceived high temperature at work, having less opportunity to do their best at work, and concern about losing a job in the next six months. In developing a screening instrument, a 6.5 cut-off point that corresponded to 99.6 percent sensitivity and 92.2 percent specificity was identified.

Originality/value

The study concludes that this MFI-instrument could potentially be used to prevent MFI. By understanding the policy implications, the government body, employers, workers, development partners and stakeholders should work toward preventing MFI. Implementing a preventive measure is therefore warranted due to the health education impact.
Deriving significant factors for managing change in UN
Authors: Wan James , Saade Raafat , Wang Ling
Published: December 2019

Purpose

A consequence of the UN general assembly resolution calling for increased efficiency and better utilization of resources in all its agencies, is a mandate for change. As a response to this resolution, the purpose of this paper is to identify the key factors for managing change.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey methodology approach was used where officials representing department heads, middle managers, professionals and specialists were the target participants. Exploratory factor analysis was done for factor validation and reduction, followed by confirmatory factor analysis to identify the relationships between those factors.

Findings

Three significant factors, communication, temporal sensitivity and knowledge were found to represent a shared common theoretical propositions from Kotter’s, Lewin’s and ADKAR models. Extracted factor explain the proposed United Nations (UN) model.

Research limitations/implications

Due to political and cultural reasons, characteristics of participants could not be revealed. Also, a larger pool of participants spanning across all the UN agencies would provide more comprehensive view. The final UN model proposed herein would need to be further validated and tested within each agency as well as across them.

Practical implications

The study urges the UN to utilize its findings, with the hope of standardizing an effective change management model for all its agencies.

Originality/value

While change management literature primarily focuses on the private sector, few are applicable in the public sector. Research effort on managing change in UN is scarce. This study advocates the need for UN research to fill this very important gap. As such, the authors test existing theoretical model and then adapt it for the UN context.
Relationships among authentic leadership, manager incivility and trust in the manager
Authors: Alkaabi Ohood , Wong Carol
Published: December 2019

Purpose

This study aims to examine the relationships among authentic leadership of managers and new graduate nurses’ (NGNs) experience of manager incivility and their degree of trust in their managers.

Design/methodology/approach

A secondary analysis of data using a non-experimental, correlational design was undertaken. From 2012 to 2013, 3,743 surveys were mailed to NGNs eligible for the study, and 1,020 returned completed questionnaires for a response rate of 27.3 per cent. The hypotheses were tested using hierarchical multiple linear regression.

Findings

Authentic leadership had a negative relationship with manager incivility, which in turn was negatively related to trust in the manager, and overall the model accounted for 59.9 per cent of the variance in trust. Authentic leadership was positively associated with trust in the manager.

Originality/value

Findings supported that authentic leadership may be an effective approach to enhance manager–nurse interactions because authentic managers are less likely to display uncivil behavior, which diminishes trust. Findings may be useful to inform the development of positive and respectful work environments and the everyday practice of nurse managers.
Enhancing student participation in information literacy course based on Rain Classroom: a case study
Authors: Han Lifeng , Lu Zhenbo
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Student participation has been an important issue for information literacy (IL) teachings. The purpose of this paper is to promote active student participation in IL courses with Rain Classroom, an intelligent teaching tool.

Design/methodology/approach

Using mixed method research, the paper presents a practical case study of the author’s experiences with Rain Classroom to improve teaching and learning of IL.

Findings

The study shows that Rain Classroom helps implement problem-based learning, promote student participation in class interaction and optimize learning experience, which facilitates a shift of the IL course from passive to active learning.

Research limitations/implications

It is known that university public courses have large class sizes (more than 50 students per class), and, therefore, class interaction is difficult to organize. So this is a big issue for the researchers to study.

Practical implications

The proposed Rain Classroom is a free teaching tool and can be used in other academic libraries to enhance active student participation in IL lessons.

Social implications

The paper includes implications for improving interaction in large-size conference or trainings using Rain Classroom.

Originality/value

The existing literature has not traced the reports on using the Rain Classroom to enhance student participation in IL courses in academic libraries. This paper intends to fill this gap and share practical methods and experiences, deepening the application research of Rain Classroom.
The relationship between intellectual capital information and firms’ market value: a study from an emerging economy
Authors: Ousama A.A. , Al-Mutairi Mashael Thaar , Fatima A.H.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital (IC) information reported in the annual reports and market value of the companies listed on the Qatar Stock Exchange.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a panel data collected from the annual reports and Bloomberg database for six years, specifically the periods 2010-2012 and 2016-2018. The total sample consists of 252 observations. The theoretical framework was developed in reference to the resource-based theory. The regression model is based on Ohlson’s model, which has been modified by including IC information.

Findings

The study found that there is a significant relationship between IC information and firm market value. This finding indicates that companies report their IC to help the stakeholders (e.g. shareholders, investors) to understand the real value of the company (which includes IC values).

Practical implications

The shift to a knowledge-based economy (KBE) has made knowledge a driver for economic growth, and it has become more important than capital, land and labour. This shift makes IC and resources vital for companies to create wealth, value and gain competitive advantage. The State of Qatar plans to transform its economy to a KBE in its “Qatar Vision 2030”. The findings of the study show that the companies have started to depend more on IC to contribute to transforming Qatar’s economy to a KBE.

Originality/value

This study could be considered a pioneer study to examine the association of IC disclosure and firm value in Qatar. Furthermore, prior literature has mixed findings, which justifies further investigation of IC’s effect on market value, particularly in the emerging economy of Qatar.
Is internal CSR really less impactful in individualist and masculine Cultures? A multilevel approach
Authors: Jamali Dima , Samara Georges , Zollo Lamberto , Ciappei Cristiano
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Drawing on signaling theory and adopting a multilevel approach, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how meso-organizational attributes interact with the macro cultural context to affect employees’ behavioral responses to internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. This study unpacks the behavioral process through which internal CSR affects employees’ organizational citizenship behavior in an organization that has obtained SA8000 and that operates in an understudied Italian context characterized by high individualism and masculinity.

Design/methodology/approach

Bootstrapped multi-mediation analysis was used on a sample of 300 employees operating in one of the most important and largest Italian retail stores active in the food industry and involved in socio-environmental responsibility.

Findings

Results show that when a company obtains an internal CSR quality credential, particularly SA8000, an auditable certification standard that signals that a company goes beyond compliance standards to tailor to the well-being of its employees, it will likely attract like-minded employees that will positively react to internal CSR initiatives even when operating in a highly individualistic and masculine culture such as Italy.

Originality/value

While prior research has shown that internal CSR initiatives have a lower and, in some cases, an insignificant impact on employees’ behavioral outcomes in cultures characterized by individualism and masculinity, this study shows that the interaction between the cultural setting and company specific attributes can turn this effect to be significant, strong, and positive.
Modeling of memory-dependent derivatives with the state-space approach
Authors: Biswas Siddhartha
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to deal with a new generalized model of thermoelasticity theory with memory-dependent derivatives (MDD).

Design/methodology/approach

The two-dimensional equations of generalized thermoelasticity with MDD are solved using a state-space approach. The numerical inversion method is employed for the inversion of Laplace and Fourier transforms.

Findings

The solutions are presented graphically for different values of time delay and kernel function.

Originality/value

The governing coupled equations of the new generalized thermoelasticity with time delay and kernel function, which can be chosen freely according to the necessity of applications, are applied to a two-dimensional problem of an isotropic plate.
Numerical study of the particles segregation phenomenon in the fluidized beds
Authors: Karami Samaneh , Soltani Goharrizi Ataallah , Abolpour Bahador , Darijani Samira
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a computational fluid dynamic simulation for the investigation of the particles segregation phenomenon in the gas–solid fluidized beds.

Design/methodology/approach

These particles have the same size and different densities. The k–ε model and multiphase particle-in-cell method have been utilized for modeling the turbulent fluid flow and solid particles behaviors, respectively. The coupled equations of the velocity and pressure have been solved by using a combination of SIMPLE and PISO algorithms. After validating the simulation, different mixing indices, with different calculation bases, have been investigated, and it has been found that the Lacey mixing index, which was defined based on statistical concepts, is suitable to investigate the segregation/mixing phenomena of this bed in different conditions. Finally, the effects of parameters such as velocity, particle density ratio, jetsam concentration, and initial arrangement on the segregation/mixing behaviors of the bed have been studied.

Findings

The results show that the increase in the superficial gas velocity decreases the mixing index to a minimum value and then increases this index in the beds with mixed initial condition, unlike the beds with separated initial condition. Moreover, an increase in the particle density ratio increases the minimum fluidization velocity of the bed, and also the amount of segregation, and increase in the jetsam concentration increases the value of the mixing index.

Originality/value

A computational fluid dynamics simulation has been presented for the particles segregation phenomenon in the gas–solid fluidized beds.
Ecogenomics of the SAR11 clade
Authors: Haro‐Moreno Jose M. , Rodriguez‐Valera Francisco , Rosselli Riccardo , Martinez‐Hernandez Francisco , Roda‐Garcia Juan J. , Gomez Monica Lluesma , Fornas Oscar , Martinez‐Garcia Manuel , López‐Pérez Mario
Published: December 2019

Members of the SAR11 clade, despite their high abundance, are often poorly represented by metagenome‐assembled genomes. This fact has hampered our knowledge about their ecology and genetic diversity. Here we examined 175 SAR11 genomes, including 47 new single‐amplified genomes. The presence of the first genomes associated with subclade IV suggests that, in the same way as subclade V, they might be outside the proposed Pelagibacterales order. An expanded phylogenomic classification together with patterns of metagenomic recruitment at a global scale have allowed us to define new ecogenomic units of classification (genomospecies), appearing at different, and sometimes restricted, metagenomic data sets. We detected greater microdiversity across the water column at a single location than in samples collected from similar depth across the global ocean, suggesting little influence of biogeography. In addition, pangenome analysis revealed that the flexible genome was essential to shape genomospecies distribution. In one genomospecies preferentially found within the Mediterranean, a set of genes involved in phosphonate utilization was detected. While another, with a more cosmopolitan distribution, was unique in having an aerobic purine degradation pathway. Together, these results provide a glimpse of the enormous genomic diversity within this clade at a finer resolution than the currently defined clades.
Foundational stigma: Place‐based stigma in the age before advanced marginality
Authors: Butler‐Warke Alice
Published: December 2019

This paper joins the debate on the formation of territorial stigma by uncovering the existence of a form of “foundational stigma” that preceded place‐based stigma of the era of advanced marginality. I show that not only were the traces of stigma present prior to the era of advanced marginality but that these early traces facilitate later forms of stigma by providing the necessary foundations upon which adhesive and detrimental stigma was operationalized. Following a critical discourse analysis approach, this paper examines coverage in the British press of Toxteth, Liverpool between 1900 and 1981 as a paradigmatic case study to show that this primitive stigma existed in three key ways: relating to inter‐community strife, to crime, and to substandard housing conditions. These traces of stigma laid the foundations for later forms of stigma based on the presence of the poor, violent, deviant other that would be operationalized by dominant voices during the era of advanced marginality.
Differences in referral patterns for rural primary care physicians from 2005 to 2016
Authors: Geissler Kimberley H.
Published: December 2019

Objective

To examine differences in referral patterns in a nationally representative sample between primary care physicians (PCP) practicing in rural vs nonrural areas and changes over time.

Study Design

Using the 2005‐2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and multivariate logit regression models, I compare referral patterns of PCPs in rural vs nonrural areas.

Data Collection

Multiple years of data were combined.

Principal Findings

A PCP visit was 1.9 percentage points (95% confidence interval: 0.1 pp, 3.8 pp) more likely to result in a referral in nonrural areas than rural areas, controlling for physician and patient characteristics, a 17 percent increase. This difference is driven by a widening gap in referral rates between nonrural and rural areas over time, with large differences in later periods. The regression‐adjusted predicted probability of a PCP visit resulting in a referral was 71 percent higher in nonrural than rural areas in 2013‐2014 and 92 percent higher in 2015‐2016.

Conclusions

Recognizing that the optimal PCP referral rate is unknown, referrals are less common in rural areas with a widening gap in recent years. This difference may reflect specialist availability, distance to care, or patient preferences. As changes occur to health care financing and delivery, continuing to monitor practice patterns is important to ensure patients are receiving appropriate levels of care across geographic regions.
What role does serious mental illness play in mass shootings, and how should we address it?
Authors: Skeem Jennifer , Mulvey Edward
Published: December 2019

Research Summary

A popular explanation for mass shootings is that the assailant “must have been mentally ill.” A popular policy solution is exceptionalist—enter more gun‐disqualifying psychiatric records into the background check system to keep guns away from identified people with mental illness. We synthesized research on the connection between mental illness and common violence, gun violence, homicide, and mass violence. We focused on serious mental illnesses like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, which are not the same as emotional distress from life circumstances and problematic personality traits. We found an association between serious mental illness and violence, but it is weaker than the public imagines or the media portrays, and rarely causal. Serious mental illness plays a limited role—it is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for mass violence.

Policy Implications

Exceptionalist policies in which serious mental illness is assumed to cause mass shootings will do little to prevent them—and will subject millions of nonviolent people with mental illness to stigma and unwarranted social control. Mass violence is a multidetermined problem. Because major risk factors for violence are shared, improvements in policies designed to keep guns out of the hands of dangerous people without mental illness will also go far in preventing incidents involving those with mental illness. Chiefly, these steps include sharpening the criteria for gun disqualification and temporarily removing guns from individuals at imminent risk for violence. The implementation of threat assessment teams and funding for crisis services for people with and without mental illness may also be helpful.
Identifying high‐risk firearm owners to prevent mass violence
Authors: Laqueur Hannah S. , Wintemute Garen J.
Published: December 2019

Research Summary

In this article, we detail recent efforts in California to identify and target high‐risk firearm owners to help prevent firearm violence, including mass shootings. We begin by describing gun violence restraining orders, also known as extreme risk protection orders, which provide a judicial mechanism for firearm recovery and a time‐limited prohibition on firearm purchases. Next, we discuss California's Armed and Prohibited Persons (APPS) database and enforcement system. APPS is used to identify newly prohibited persons among legal firearm owners and to help law enforcement recover those firearms. Finally, we highlight early research in which machine learning for rare event detection is employed to forecast individual risk using California's decades worth of firearm transaction records and other readily available administrative data.

Policy Implications

The approaches described range in scale, scope, and strategy, but all three allow for targeted intervention at times of heightened risk. In so doing, they offer the potential to provide outsized benefits to efforts to prevent mass violence.
Alcohol and Pain: A Translational Review of Preclinical and Clinical Findings to Inform Future Treatment Strategies
Authors: Edwards Scott , Vendruscolo Leandro F. , Gilpin Nicholas W. , Wojnar Marcin , Witkiewitz Katie
Published: December 2019

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and chronic pain are enduring and devastating conditions that share an intersecting epidemiology and neurobiology. Chronic alcohol use itself can produce a characteristic painful neuropathy, while the regular analgesic use of alcohol in the context of nociceptive sensitization and heightened affective pain sensitivity may promote negative reinforcement mechanisms that underlie AUD maintenance and progression. The goal of this review was to provide a broad translational framework that communicates research findings spanning preclinical and clinical studies, including a review of genetic, molecular, behavioral, and social mechanisms that facilitate interactions between persistent pain and alcohol use. We also consider recent evidence that will shape future investigations into novel treatment mechanisms for pain in individuals suffering from AUD.