bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Optical changes with dopant concentration of Bi2O3 in Al2Bi2O6-δ nano-particulates
Authors: Ritu  , Dwivedi Sunil Kumar , Sharma Rajesh
Published: December 2023

In present scenario, technologies based on nanomaterials applications are taken at the top priorties because of their advanced properties. The materials have colourful size-dependent properties at nanoscale because of its significant ratio of surface area to volume. In this study, different compositions of alumina nanocrystalline materials incorporated with Bi2O3 (5%,10%,20%) were prepared by using micro wave treated (at 100°C for 15 minutes) chemical route techniques at calcination temperature of 600°C for a duration of 2 hours resulted in uniform sized nano-particulates were obtained. The ultrafine powder samples were analyzed by using techniques including UV-Vis- NIR spectrum, XRD, HRTEM, FTIR & FESEM etc. The XRD data reveals that the crystallite size of the nano crystals increased from 28.9nm (Pure alumina), 30.1nm (5% Bi2O3doped), 36.8nm (10% Bi2O3doped), 41.21 nm (20% Bi2O3doped) respectively and indicates increasing trend with dopant concentration for fixed calcination temperature of 600°C for a duration of 2 hours. The IR spectrum were deployed to examine the functional group existing in samples and concluded that corresponding IR alps were found at different wave numbers for each dopant concentration, with multiple alps/peaks attributed at 3300cm−1and at 1600cm−1were due to-OH group’s vibration mode and water content in the surroundings respectively. The alp at 1300 cm−1 was related to the adsorption of NO2 and CO2 in the surroundings and nitrate salt used for preparing the samples, while other alps at 582 cm−1 (O-Al-O) and 512 cm− 1(O-Bi-O) were related to various metal oxide vibrations. In UV-VIS spectroscopy, the tauc plot revealed that the energy band gap was 1.67 eV, 1.85eV, 2.72eV and 2.89 eV respectively. The microscopy through field emission of scanning of electron (FESEM) image displayed truncated spherical particles that were agglomerated in nature. The HRTEM findings are consistent with the results obtained from XRD data and FESEM.
Characterisation of Allium sativum bulb and its component for high end applications
Authors: Prakash Prem , Shekhar Shubhra , Prasad Kamlesh
Published: December 2023

This paper covers selective characterisation of garlic bulb, clove, and tunic based on phyico-chemical, nutritional, phytochemical, optical, electrical, structural, and antimicrobial characteristics of the selected promising variety, Haryana Garlic–17 (HG-17). Organosulphur and phenolic compounds are major phytochemicals attributed to have therapeutic effects. Five organosulphur and fourteen phenolic compounds were identified and qualified using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). These were identified to have antimicrobial capabilities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial characteristics of garlic extract further revealed its potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications. The tunic or peel of garlic must be removed before its utilisation for edible purposes. Manual removal of the tunic is a cumbersome process. Therefore, the effect of sodium hydroxide (lye) as a chemical peeling agent on the characteristics of the tunic was further assessed. Treatment of tunics with lye solution improved the recovery of cellulose and hemicelluloses. The prepared garlic peel powder was found to have least one dimension in the nano range, confirmed through Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopic. The electrical characterisation of garlic pulp reflected a positive for ohmic heating. On the other hand, treated garlic peel behaved as a potential candidate to be used in the fabrication of paper capacitors as having the capacitance peak found to a maximum near 50Hz frequency.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Optical and Rheological Properties
Authors: Kabiraj Atanu , Rath Satchidananda
Published: December 2023

The goal of this work was to investigate the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from aqueous Propolis (P) extract, and their optical and rheological properties. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies nanostructure of the prepared Ag NPs were characterized. Further, the aforementioned study suggests that Ag NPs with an average size of around 23 nm have a well-developed polycrystalline cubic structure. In the UV-Vis absorption spectra, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak showed maximum absorption at 418 nm. For an excitation energy corresponding to the wavelength 410 nm, photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Ag NPs exhibited emission peak at 495 nm. To explore temperature (T) dependent flow behaviour of biosynthesized colloidal Ag NPs dispersion in deionized (DI) water, flow curve studies under shear for T= 20, 30 and 40 °C were done using rheometer. The above study illustrated that the colloidal Ag NPs follows shear thickening non-Newtonian behaviour. Moreover, viscosity decreased as temperature increased, indicating that the silver nanofluids can exhibit more rational thermal performance under high temperature conditions.
Intercalation of Lithium Atom/Ion in carbon, Silicon and Germanium Nanotubes
Authors: Chandel Surjeet Kumar , Ashutosh  , Kumar Arun
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we have studied the impact of Li atom/ion intercalation in C, Si and Ge nanotubes. The bond lengths for the optimized structures of the Li atoms/ions intercalation are similar and consistent with the bond lengths of pristine nanotubes. Based on Mulliken population and charge density analysis,there is a net transfer of charge from Lithium atoms to nanotube atoms. However, it is opposite in case of ion intercalation. The intercalation of Li atom/ion alters the electronic structure of the SWNTs, resulting in a shift from semiconducting to metallic. Our study also reveals that the conductance is 5G
0 for GeNT on Li atom/ion intercalation, which is 2G
0 for pristine GeNT. Due to their enhanced conductance as compared to pristine nanotubes, Li atom/ion intercalated systems can also be expected as materials for nano scale electronic devices, perfect for ballistic transport.
Molecular dynamics simulation of 100 keV argon ion radiation effects in metals and comparison with stopping and range of ions in matter code
Authors: Nargis  , Mookerjee Sumit , Nair Lekha
Published: December 2023

Simulation is essential to analyse radiation-induced effects because energetic ions have short transit times within materials (Ar ions of 1 keV and 100 keV have transit times of 0.29 picoseconds and 29 femtoseconds respectively, through a 25 nm Al film). The binary collision approximation (BCA) is extensively used in simulations to study damage caused by energetic ions due to its computational efficiency. Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM), a widely used Monte Carlo software using BCA, provides accurate ion ranges consistent with experiments. Molecular dynamics simulations are powerful computational method, where classical equations of motion are solved to track atomic movements from radiation damage, but computational resources required are heavier for this method. In our current effort, the energy transfer from 100 keV Ar+ to metal targets is analysed as a function of target properties, including melting temperature and atomic density, using these two methodologies. A detailed investigation of 100 keV Ar+ ion impact on metal targets is done using the classical Molecular Dynamics simulation program ‘MDRange’, which uses the Recoil Interaction Analysis (RIA) approximation, where the interaction between the ion and its closest neighbours is considered via a two-body potential. The correlation of energy transferred to the metal with the target properties is examined considering the physical approximations of each technique.
Fusion of Stable Odd-A isotope targets with Doubly Magic 16O Projectile
Authors: Vijay  , Gautam M S , Chahal R P , Hitesh  , Kuhar S B , Duhan S , Manisha  , Khatri H
Published: December 2023

Fusion excitation functions of stable odd-A targets 147,149Sm with 16O projectile are theoretically analyzed within view of the symmetric-asymmetric Gaussian barrier distribution (SAGBD) formalism. For the purposes of this study, we assumed that bombardment energies of the 16O + 147,149Sm reactions would be around nominal barrier. For these reactions, Wong based computations fails to retrace the fusion data whereas SAGBD predictions fairly retrace the fusion data in entire bombarding energy range. The evaluated values of channel coupling parameter (λ) and VCBRED from SAGBD outcomes are found larger for heavier (16O + 149Sm) over lighter (16O + 149Sm) system, which suggests that heavier system possess extra fusion enhancement in sub-barrier domain. Present theoretical investigation highlights the significant contributions of intrinsic channels that emerges due to structure of reacting nuclei and such effects are empirically included in SAGBD method.
Fusion dynamics of 12C + 46,48,50Ti reactions
Authors: Kuhar S B , Gautam M S , Chahal R P , Duhan S , Khatri H , Vijay
Published: December 2023

Fusion dynamics of 12C + 46,48,50Ti reactions are examined by considering EDWSP and coupled channel (CC) formalism. The coupled channel outputs point out that there are significant contributions of the vibrational states of the Ti-isotopes and without taking into account of these states one cannot explain the behavior of the fusion outcomes of given reactions. The EDWSP based outputs govern barrier modifications and subsequently decreases effective fusion barrier between the participants. Because of it, EDWSP based computations consistently retrieve the fusion data of studied systems. Aforementioned models decently explored fusion behavior of given systems, which clearly reflects that barrier changing effects are appeared due to energy dependency in Woods-Saxon potential are quite similar to that of dominant channel couplings in CC approach.
Optical photon transport simulations for SiPM based PET scanner
Authors: Siwal Davinder , Anil Kumar G.
Published: December 2023

Positrons emitted from radioisotope quickly annihilates to two collinear photons that are captured by the array of scintillator detectors to infer about the origin of radioactivity. Coincidence collection of pair of points from the detector modules makes a line of response, their large number reveals a radioactive region of interest. Most of the medical diagnostic research is conducted with position sensitive imaging device whose performance strongly depends on the optical light collection efficiency. A versatile Lutetium–Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) scintillator is used to mimic the optical photon production and transport processes followed by the light collection with Silicon PhotoMultiplier sensor. Charge spectrum from a 2 × 2 × 10 mm3 single LYSO bar is obtained in GEANT4, and reproduces well the scintillation characteristics of LYSO along with photons incidence angle distribution with a single SiPM pad. This excercise is followed by the simulation performance of two PET modules comprises of 12 × 12 SiPM tile coupled with mesh of LYSO bars. The preliminarly results shows the transverse position resolution (FWHM) as 7.82 mm for a point source. Objective of this study is to search for a cheaper detector solution which will have equivalent imaging performance.
Fusion Dynamics of 27Al + 74Ge Nuclear Reaction
Authors: Hitesh  , Vijay  , Chahal R P , Kuhar S B , Duhan S , Manisha  , Khatri H , Gautam M S
Published: December 2023

The experimental data for the nuclear fusion of 27Al with 74Ge are examined within the context of symmetric-asymmetric Gaussian barrier distribution (SAGBD) model in sub-barrier domain. For bombarding energies smaller than the Coulomb barrier, predictions owing to simple Wong formula are found to be much smaller with reference to experimental outcomes. On other side, the SAGBD method is used, wherein impacts of inherent channels as a result of its multidimensional aspect of quantum mechanical tunneling arises because of weighted Gaussian function, to get desired outcomes. Larger fusion enhancement appears at lower energy region, which signifies the effective participation of inherent channels originated due to structure of participants. In present approach, the impacts of various inherent channels are cumulatively determined by calculating values of channel couplings parameter (λ) & VCBRED
. Present calculations due to the SAGBD method suggests that the theoretical fusion excitation functions for 27Al + 74Ge reaction are in close resemblance with experimental findings around the nominal barrier.
Fusion of 16O + 60Ni and 18O + 58Ni reactions
Authors: Samiksha  , Gautam M S , Kumar A , Vijay
Published: December 2023

The fusion of 16O + 60Ni and 18O + 58Ni systems are examined by opting SAGBD formalism. Wong estimations are appreciably deviated from experimental results and this suggests the importance of intrinsic channels. Therefore, influences of dominant channels for 16O + 60Ni and 18O + 58Ni in SAGBD model are empirically included via Gaussian type of weight function in Wong formula. Hence, present formalism adequately explains the fusion of 16O + 60Ni and 18O + 58Ni systems.
Study of photon shielding effectiveness of recycled environment waste Cement Kiln Dust doped Bismuth Alkali Borate glasses
Authors: Sidhu Baltej Singh , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Dhaliwal A S , Kahlon K S
Published: December 2023

In present communication, gamma ray protection capability of recycled environment waste Cement Kiln Dust(CKD) doped Bismuth Alkali Borate xCKD+(100-x)(65B2O3+25 Bi2O3+5Na2O+5 BaO) glasses (x= 0-30%) coded as BBCKD has been assessed in the energy range 15 keV to 15 MeV in terms of linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mass attenuation coefficient(MAC), effective atomic number(Zeff), half value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), radiation protection efficiency (RPE) using Phy-X software. MAC of BBCKD glasses varies between (96.93-0.04) cm2/g and LAC between(408.77- 0.14) cm−1. Both MAC and LAC show decreasing trend from glass BBCKD1 to BBCKD5 whereas HVL and MFP show increasing effect from glass BBCKD1 to BBCKD5. Value of Zeff of BBCKD glasses varies between (80.06-31.73). Shielding effectiveness of these glasses was also examined in terms of RPE at 0.662 MeV,1.332 MeV and 2.50 MeV energy for 1.0 cm,2.5 cm and 5.0 cm thickness. Results of RPE were compared with other standard shielding materials like RS253G18, RS323G19, RS360 glass and Ilmenite-limonite (ILC), Basalt magnetite (BMC) as well as Ilmenite (IC) concretes. All BBCKD glasses exhibits better shielding capability in comparison to these conventional materials.
Periodic chirp electron acceleration due to linearly polarized lasers
Authors: Middha K. , Thakur V. , Kant N. , Rajput J.
Published: December 2023

Laser beat wave electron acceleration scheme provides a number of distinct advantages and exciting possibilities in terms of high electron’s energy gain, compact accelerator design, versatility, high repetition rates and fundamental research. In this scheme, two linearly polarized lasers of same amplitude and the frequency have been considered propagating
θ
and −
θ
along the z axis with their electric field components in x and z axis respectively. Peak intensity is observed for resultant electric field at the crossing of both lasers at a focal spot. At this focus, constructive interference occurs and resultant beat wave with lesser phase velocity compared to the speed of light is produced. Electron is injected at an angle of
δ
and trapped by this beat wave and accelerated. In this manuscript, we have applied periodic chirp to the lasers and compared the electron energy with the linear and quadratic chirp. The high energetic electron beam can be utilized to drive compact free-electron lasers, which enable the production of intense and coherent X-ray or gamma-ray radiation for imaging, materials research, and other applications.
Application of terahertz imaging in biological sciences, a review
Authors: Dev A , Mukherjee S
Published: December 2023

THz imaging, also known as terahertz imaging, is a relatively new technology that utilizes the terahertz frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum to generate images of various materials and biological samples. This technology has promising applications in a wide range of biomedical fields, including cancer detection, imaging of biological tissues, and drug development. THz imaging has also applications in security sector, including explosives detection and as well as detection of concealed weapons. THz TPI imaging technique is relatively new but it has great applications in dentistry. The THz imaging has great potential in revealing cancerous tissue. Several studies have already been done by various scientists using THz imaging in the healthcare sector, specially detecting different types of cancers. THz imaging has some added advantages in comparison to the other types of imaging techniques availlable to the healthcare industry. Overall, this review article aims to provide an overview of the biomedical applications of THz imaging and its potential applications for future advancements in the field of medical sciences.
Cosmological model in f(R, T) theory with time-varying FLVDP
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Chand Avtar , Mishra R K
Published: December 2023

In this communication, we have explored spatially homogeneous, anisotropic Bianchi-II space-time in f(R, T) theory of gravity. Here, we have obtained an explicit solution of the field equations of f(R, T) theory with time dependent fractional linear varying deceleration parameter (FLVDP) i.e. q(t). The accelerating expanding nature of the cosmos has been also discussed under the suitable assumption

q
(
t
)
=

α
(
1
−
t
)

1
+
t

, here α > 0. It is observed that the universe was originated from a singularity in the past and is expanding at an accelerating rate. The FLVDP depicts a transitional phase i.e., early deceleration to the current accelerating phase.
Exploring Isotope Production through 2n-Emission in Reactions Induced by 48Ca: A Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Kaur Jagdeep , Sharma Mahinderpal , Chhetri Rita , Kaur Amandeep
Published: December 2023

In this investigation, we employ the Dynamical Cluster-decay Model (DCM) approach to scrutinize the fragmentation channels emerging from 245Es* and 251Md*. These nuclei are produced through 48Ca+197Au and 48Ca+203Tl reactions with similar beam energies of approximately 210.0 MeV and 212.7 MeV. This methodology involves adjusting the neck formation (ΔR) within the DCM framework to compute 2n-emission cross-sections for these systems. These calculated cross-sections are then juxtaposed against experimental data to validate the predictive capabilities of the model. Furthermore, this study examines the fragmentation dynamics of fragments emerging from 245Es* and 251Md*, investigating its characteristics based on minimized coordinates of the lighter fragment’s mass (A2). This analysis is performed at the most suitable ΔR values, elucidating the energetically favoured decay pathways and the potential presence of magic or near magic shell closures. Moreover, this investigation delves into the preformation and penetration probabilities associated with 2n-emission and their dependence upon the angular momentum values involved. As an extension of this work, a comparative evaluation of 1n-emission from both 245Es* and 251Md* is also carried out in terms of variations in preformation probabilities and penetration probabilities. Notably, these results underscore the necessity for experimental validation of the DCM-predicted 1n-emission data, enhancing the credibility and robustness of the model’s predictions.
Estimation of Radon/Thoron and their progeny concentration in some dwellings and exhalation rates from soils of Samana city, Patiala
Authors: Kapil C , Shikha D , Mehta V
Published: December 2023

The study of indoor pollutants and radioactive nuclides imposes importance on human health as we spend most of our time indoors. Out of all the natural radioactive elements, Radon-222 and Radon220 are present in large abundance indoors. Both are radioactive and decay to various short-lived progenies by emitting high-energy alpha particles, so inhalation of such gases can harm the human body in various ways. In the present report, the concentration of Rn-222 and Rn-220 and its progenies are estimated from some dwellings of Samana city of Patiala district, Punjab. Pin-hole dosimeters with DRPS and DTPS were employed in 15 houses in the study area to measure indoor Rn-222 and Rn-220 concentrations. The concentration of Rn-222 ranges between 401.96 Bq/m3 and 27.36 Bq/m3 with mean value of 138.82 Bq/m3, and the concentration of Rn-220 varies from 222.2 Bq/ m3 to 50 Bq/m3 with the mean weight of 131.12 Bq/m3. The average inhalation dose was also calculated from the results and was found to have an average value of 2.19 mSv per year. The average weight of radon concentration was below the ICRP recommendation of 200-300 Bq/m3 but the value is above these limits at some locations. Radon and thoron emission rates from soil samples near to the dwellings was also calculated.
Tunneling towards efficiency: A survey of design and optimization strategies for tunnel FETs in ultra-low power applications
Authors: Wu Duo
Published: December 2023

The tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is a promising technology for low-power applications due to its high performance at reduced voltages through quantum tunneling. This article overviews TFETs and their potential to reduce power consumption in digital circuits, analog circuits, and energy harvesting applications. It highlights the challenges faced in TFET design, including gate electrostatics, source doping, and off-state limitations. The importance of design considerations and material selections is discussed, emphasizing their impact on TFET performance. Various fabrication techniques for TFETs are explored, highlighting their significance in achieving efficient and effective devices. The review concludes by stressing the need for further research and development to address existing challenges and unlock the full potential of TFETs in low-power electronic systems.
Orthopedic patient analysis using machine learning techniques
Authors: Santhiya S , Abinaya N , Jayadharshini P , Priyanka S , Keerthika S , Sharmila C
Published: December 2023

Orthopedic patients have been increasing in hospital because of road traffic accidents, advanced age, a lack of exercise, inadequate nutrition, and other factors. The suggested article uses Machine Learning (ML) techniques to examine the patient reports. The ability to mimic the human actions is called ML. It is a subclass of AI that solves a number of healthcare-related issues. Here ML algorithms are used for health-related data. It solves a number of healthcare-related issues. ML is the process of a machine imitating intelligent human activities. It belongs to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) subclass. ML algorithms are used for medical data such as Logistic Regression, Support vector machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network to predict orthopedic illnesses such as Normal, Hernia and Spondylolisthesis orthopedic. ML techniques have increased the speed and accuracy for diagnosis. The most serious and urgent cases require rapid care. It improves patient care by lowering human error and stress on medical staff. Our primary objective is to improve machine performance and decrease incorrect categorization.
Source and drain formation in FinFETs
Authors: Zhou Yijia
Published: December 2023

This paper talks about the background and motivation of fin field-effect transistors (FinFETs) to address the short-channel effect and improve the performance of transistors. Also, this paper focuses on the manufacturing formation of source and drain in FinFETs, which is Self-Aligned Double Patterning (SADP) and discusses the challenges faced in fabrication and design, including self-heating effect and body punch-through in FinFET devices. Furthermore, this paper mentions the prospects of vision and design technology. The insight gained from this paper can enhance understanding of some parts of the manufacturing process in FinFETs and help improve fabrication technology.
Analysis of power system load forecasting based on neural networks
Authors: Lang Xuhan
Published: December 2023

In this research, our main goal was to improve power load forecasting accuracy by considering the impact of meteorological factors on the total power of the electrical system, examining existing load data, local weather, wind direction, and other parameters affecting total power load. We divided the data from the past three years into a training dataset, comprising 75% of the data, and a testing dataset with the remaining 25%. We employed a basic machine learning technique (Support Vector Machine) and three distinct neural network approaches (Artificial Neural Network, Convolutional Neural Network, and Long-Short Term Memory Network) to develop analytical models. Through experimentation, the LSTM model achieved a loss value of 0.0034 and required 1426.78 seconds of training time across 100 epochs. Considering the time expense and model complexity, we chose the LSTM model to forecast power load at 15-minute intervals for the subsequent ten days, achieving a satisfactory prediction and fitting outcome. Our results suggest that the LSTM model is a promising method for optimizing performance and reliability in electrical power systems.
Quantum Time
Authors: Góźdź A , Góźdź M , Pȩdrak A
Published: December 2023

A short introduction, with extended interpretations, to the Projection Evolution approach is presented. In this model time is like the other space positions represented by an operator in the state space of a physical system. As a pedagogigal example the Minkowski spacetime is considered. Finally, a short analysis of the time reversal symmetry is presented.
Berezin-type quantization on even-dimensional compact manifolds
Authors: Dey Rukmini , Ghosh Kohinoor
Published: December 2023

In this article we show that a Berezin-type quantization can be achieved on a compact even dimensional manifold M
2d
by removing a skeleton M
0 of lower dimension such that what remains is diffeomorphic to R
2d
(cell decomposition) which we identify with Cd
and embed in CPd
. A local Poisson structure and Berezin-type quantization are induced from CPd
. Thus we have a Hilbert space with a reproducing kernel. The symbols of bounded linear operators on the Hilbert space have a star product which satisfies the correspondence principle outside a set of measure zero. This construction depends on the diffeomorphism. One needs to keep track of the global holonomy and hence the cell decomposition of the manifold. As an example, we illustrate this type of quanitzation of the torus. We exhibit Berezin-Toeplitz quantization of a complex manifold in the same spirit as above.
Einstein Manifold of SO(p,q) with a New Parabolic Subgroup and Invariant Differential Operators
Authors: Dobrev V.K.
Published: December 2023

In the present paper we continue the project of systematic explicit construction of invariant differential operators. On the example of the non-compact group SO(p, 9 − p) (for p = 5, 6) we give the classification multiplets of indecomposable elementary representations induced from a new (relative to earlier considerations) choice of parabolic subgroup MAN so that the factor-group G/M is an Einstein manifold. This classification includes the data for the relevant invariant differential operators.
On the Photon Vertex and Half-Integer Spin
Authors: Dahm R
Published: December 2023

When rewriting the photon vertex of quantum electrodynamics in terms of geometrical quantities, various elements can be mapped directly to objects and properties known from classical projective geometry (PG). Elements of P
5 when mapped to line reps in P
3 exhibit their intrinsic Lorentz invariance associated to automorphisms of the Plücker-Klein quadric

M

4

2

, and line reps when expressed by point or plane coordinates introduce (one-parameter) pencils, or formally gl(2,ℝ), or gl(1,ℍ) which covers su(2)⊕u(1). This introduces binary forms and, using a potential approach of central forces, Schrödinger or Laplace equations and the respective special functions, as well as the projective generation of quadrics like in Dirac’s approach which legitimates Clifford algebra elements as linear factors in invariant theory and the quadratic algebra to represent geometry. Physically, this identification allows for the classical concept of moments in terms of tetrahedrons which on the one hand relates to previous work on SU(4) and SU*(4) in quantum representations. On the other hand, it relates to the classical physical definitions, however, exhibiting a factor 2 between contemporary (euclidean) moments and the tetrahedral construction used in the vertex. Finally, we discuss the equilibrium conditions with respect to gauge and Yang-Mills theories in general as well as the related objects and their transformation theory.
What hide the Hermite coherent states?
Authors: Górska K. , Horzela A.
Published: December 2023

For the single mode the Hermite coherent states are wave packets analogous to the standard harmonic oscillator coherent states but constructed with complex Hermite polynomials substituting traditionally used complex monomials zn
. Hermite coherent states unify the standard coherent and squeezed states within one class of quantum states whose representatives share all properties customarily required from the standard coherent states, in particular (over)completeness. Generalization of the Hermite coherent/squeezed states to the multimode case, illustrated on the bipartite states, shows that such states exhibit entanglement which presence or absence depends on the nature of squeezing but also on the choice of description method being used.
Quantum quantities near the Grothendieck bound in a single quantum system
Authors: Vourdas A.
Published: December 2023

The Grothendieck theorem considers a ‘classical’ quadratic form

C

that uses complex scalars in the unit disc, and the corresponding ‘quantum’ quadratic form

Q

that replaces the scalars with vectors in the unit ball of a Hilbert space. It shows that when

C
≤
1

then

Q

might take values greater than 1, up to the complex Grothendieck constant kG
. Previous work in a quantum context, used Grothendieck’s theorem with multipartite entangled systems, in contrast to the present work which uses it for a single quantum system. The emphasis in the paper is in examples with

Q

∈
(

1
,

k
G

)

, which is a classically forbidden region in the sense that

C

cannot take values in it.
Homological commutation relation of electric and magnetic fluxes
Authors: Tanimura Shogo
Published: December 2023

To give a firm base to argument on quantization of an LC circuit, we derive a commutation relation of electric flux and magnetic flux from quantum electrodynamics. The electric flux is defined by integration of electric field on two-dimensional surface. The magnetic flux is defined by integration of magnetic field surrounded by one-dimensional loop. It is proved that the commutator of the electric flux and the magnetic flux is equal to a crossing number of the loop and the surface. It is also proved that the flux commutator is invariant under gauge transformations and homological deformations. It is also argued that the LC-circuit system can be used as a platform for realizing EPR entanglement.
Realizations and invariants of Lie algebras
Authors: Nesterenko Maryna , Pošta Severin
Published: December 2023

Lie algebras of first-order differential operators with smooth coefficients are considered and their construction methods are reviewed. Obstacles preventing contractions of such operators are emphasized and a constructive procedure for parameterizations is proposed. A number of illustrative examples are considered.
Instanton size dependence on fermion energy spectra in a ℂP2 fermionic sigma model
Authors: Amari Yuki , Sawado Nobuyuki , Yamamoto Shintaro
Published: December 2023

Spectral flow is a fascinating behavior of fermion’s energy levels that cross zero as a parameter varies. In fermion-soliton system, it owes the topology of the soliton. We examine the spectral flow in a (2 + 1)-dimensional ℂP2 fermionic sigma model. We employ an axisymmetric instanton solution of the ℂP2 non-linear sigma model as a background bosonic field to the Dirac fermion. The explicit form of the solutions contains two parameters concerning the size. We show that some energy levels flow from positive (negative) to negative (positive) as the parameters vary. We propose that the behavior of the energy levels can easily be understood by carefully examining the topological property of the instanton in the entire range of parameters, including the limit of zero and infinity.
Interacting two-mode model for ultracold quantum interferometers
Authors: Baroni Cosetta , Gori Giacomo , Chiofalo Maria Luisa , Trombettoni Andrea
Published: December 2023

Ultracold gases provide an excellent platform for the realization of quantum interferometers. In the case of implementations based on Bose-Einstein condensates in double well potentials, an effective two-mode model allows to study how the interactions among particles affect the sensitivity of the interferometer. In this work we review the properties of such a model and its application to interferometric protocols, focusing on the achievable sensitivity in the presence of interactions turned on. In particular we study the full interferometric sequence when the initial state is a Twin Fock state, which is perfectly number squeezed. We found that in the presence of interactions and for certain values of the holding time in which a phase difference between the two modes is accumulated, the same sensitivity as in the non interacting case is recovered when using the population imbalance between the two wells as observable. Finally, we characterize the behaviour of the sensitivity by looking at the δ-derivative and the variance of the operator used for the measurement and studying the squeezing parameters.
Genuine multipartite entanglement in three-qubit XY Z Heisenberg systems
Authors: Luna-Hernández S
Published: December 2023

Some measures of genuine multipartite entanglement in the three-qubit XYZ Heisenberg model are reported for a system that is embedded in a uniform magnetic field. A quantitative characterization of these measures is accomplished to determine the optimal parameters that provide maximal entanglement.
Quasi-hermitian quantum mechanics and a new class of user-friendly matrix hamiltonians
Authors: Lechtenfeld Olaf , Znojil Miloslav
Published: December 2023

In the conventional Schrödinger’s formulation of quantum mechanics the unitary evolution of a state ψ is controlled, in Hilbert space

L

, by a Hamiltonian ɧ which must be self-adjoint. In the recent, “quasi-Hermitian” reformulation of the theory one replaces ɧ by its isospectral but non-Hermitian avatar H = Ω−1 𝖍Ω with Ω†Ω = Θ ≠ I. Although acting in another, manifestly unphysical Hilbert space

H

, the amended Hamiltonian H ≠ H
† can be perceived as self-adjoint with respect to the amended inner-product metric Θ. In our paper motivated by a generic technical “user-unfriendliness” of the non-Hermiticity of H we introduce and describe a specific new family of Hamiltonians H for which the metrics Θ become available in closed form.
Reductive cohomology associated with vertex algebras
Authors: Zuevsky Alexander
Published: December 2023

We review the notion of the reduction cohomology of vertex algebras. The algebraic conditions leading to the chain property for complexes of vertex operator algebra n-point functions (with their convergence assumed) with a coboundary operator defined through reduction formulas are studied. Algebraic, geometrical, and cohomological meanings of reduction formulas and chain condition are clarified. The reduction cohomology for vertex operator algebras associated to Jacobi forms is computed. A counterpart of the Bott-Segal theorem for Riemann surfaces in terms of the reductions cohomology is proven.
Semiclassical asymptotics and entropy
Authors: Barron Tatyana , Saikia Manimugdha
Published: December 2023

We study the entanglement of quantum states associated with submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds. As a motivating example, we discuss the semiclassical asymptotics of entanglement entropy of pure states on the two dimensional sphere with the standard metric.
Coherent states in quantum physics: an overview
Authors: Gazeau Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2023

Various generalisations (group theoretical, nonlinear, discrete,…) of Glauber-Sudarshan coherent states are presented in a unified way, with their statistical properties and their role in Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Optics, Signal Analysis, and quantization with or without Planck constant.
States, observables and symmetries in p-adic quantum mechanics
Authors: Aniello Paolo
Published: December 2023

In the framework of quantum mechanics constructed over a quadratic extension of the field of p-adic numbers, we consider an algebraic definition of physical states. Next, the corresponding observables, whose definition completes the statistical interpretation of the theory, are introduced as SOVMs, a p-adic counterpart of the POVMs associated with a quantum system over the complex numbers. Differently from the standard complex setting, the space of all states of a p-adic quantum system has an affine — rather than convex — structure. Thus, a symmetry transformation may be defined, in a natural way, as a map preserving this affine structure. We argue that the group of all symmetry transformations of a p-adic quantum system has a richer structure wrt the case of standard quantum mechanics over the complex numbers.
Quantum Toda lattice: a challenge for representation theory
Authors: Semenov-Tian-Shansky Michael
Published: December 2023

Quantum Toda lattice may solved by means of the Representation Theory of semisimple Lie groups, or alternatively by using the technique of the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method. A comparison of the two approaches sheds a new light on Representation Theory and leads to a number of challenging questions.
A Cartan tale of the orbifold superstring
Authors: Suszek R R
Published: December 2023

A geometrisation scheme internal to the category of Lie supergroups is discussed for the supersymmetric de Rham cocycles on the super-Minkowski group 𝕋 which determine the standard super-p-brane dynamics with that target, and interpreted within Cartan’s approach to the modelling of orbispaces of group actions by homotopy quotients. The ensuing higher geometric objects are shown to carry a canonical equivariant structure for the action of a discrete subgroup of 𝕋, which results in their descent to the corresponding orbifolds of 𝕋 and in the emergence of a novel class of superfield theories with defects.
Magnetization properties, super-stable points, and cycles of antiferromagnetic spin-1 diamond chains with nodal-nodal interactions
Authors: Amatuni G. , Burdik Č. , Poghosyan H. , Ananikyan L. , Ananikian N.
Published: December 2023

This study is devoted to the discovery of super-stable points and cycles in antiferromagnetic Ising and Ising-Heisenberg models with spin 1 on diamond chains with nodal-nodal interactions. These phenomena are important for understanding the complex behavior of magnetic systems. We specifically investigate their connection with magnetization plateaus, which serve as critical indicators of the model’s characteristics. Employing the recurrence relations technique, we derive multidimensional rational mappings that give insights about the statistical properties of the models. Carefully examining the stability properties of these mappings, in particular, by analyzing the maximum Lyapunov exponent, we have revealed the complex relationship between the magnetization plateau and dynamic properties. Throughout our extensive research, we have comprehensively studied the existence and behavior of super-stable points and cycles for various parameter configurations in spin-1 models on the diamond chains. By highlighting the basic properties of dynamics and stability, our research advances a fundamental understanding of complex magnetic systems and their fascinating properties.
Linearization in Financial Mathematics
Authors: Sophocleous Christodoulos
Published: December 2023

We consider certain forms of nonlinear partial differential equations that arise in Financial Mathematics. Our central aim is to derive mappings that connect such equations with linear equations. We use point and contact transformations and also Hopf-Cole transformations. The concept of infinite-dimensional (Lie or contact) symmetries admitted by linearizable equations is discussed.
Phase space analysis of the 3-level Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model using parity adapted U(D)-spin coherent states
Authors: Mayorgas A , Guerrero J , Calixto M
Published: December 2023

We study the phase-space properties of the 3-level Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick as paradigmatic case of critical, parity symmetric, N-quDit systems undergoing a quantum phase transition in the thermodynamic limit N
→ ∞. We generalize U(2) spin coherent states to U(D) (quDits), and define the coherent state representation Qψ
(Husimi function) of a symmetric N- quDit state |ψ〉 in the phase space ℂP

D −1 = U(D)/[U(1) × U(D − 1)]. This allows us to define parity adapted U(D) coherent states (𝕔-DCATs), which reproduce accurately the lowest energy Hamiltonian eigenstates obtained by numerical diagonalization. We visualize precursors of the QPTs by plotting localization measures (Husimi function and its moments) of the parity adapted U(D) coherent states and the numerical Hamiltonian eigenstates for a finite number of particles.
Conformal symmetry in the Bhabha theory
Authors: Kuwata Seiichi
Published: December 2023

The first-order formalism of relativistic wave equations, such as the Dirac (spin s = 1=2) and the Kemmer (s = 1) equations, are generalized to the Bhabha (one s) equation, where the generalized gamma matrices for space-time dimension (3+1) are labeled with not only s but also s′ ∈ {s, s − 1,… s − ⎣s⎦}. We show that for s′ = s, the generators (D, Pμ
, Kμ
, Sμν
) constructed from the generalized gamma matrices satisfy the conformal algebra, in which we find that the null-eigenstates |s
±〉 with respect to Pμ
and Kμ
as Pμ
|s
+〉 = 0 = Kμ
|s
−〉 have the two following properties: the dimension of the eigenspace for|s
±〉 is given by 2s + 1, and

s

^

2

|
s
±
〉

=
s

(
s
+
1
)

|
s
±
〉

, where

s

^

represents the spin magnitude. In this sense, we can regard |s
±〉 as physical states for a massive particle.
Symmetry and reduction for second order degenerate Lagrangians
Authors: Gümral Hasan
Published: December 2023

For the chiral oscillator described by a second order and degenerate Lagrangian with special Euclidean group of symmetries, we show, by cotangent bundle Hamiltonian reduction, that reduced equations are Lie-Poisson on dual of oscillator algebra, the central extension of special Euclidean algebra in two dimensions.
Towards gravitational QNM spectrum from quantum spacetime
Authors: Herceg Nikola , Jurić Tajron , Samsarov Andjelo , Smolić Ivica
Published: December 2023

The effective potential for the axial mode of gravitational wave on noncommutative Schwarzschild background is presented. Noncommutativity is introduced via deformed Hopf algebra of diffeomorphisms by means of a semi-Killing Drinfeld twist. The analysis is performed up to the first order in perturbation of the metric and noncommutativity parameter. This results in a modified Regge-Wheeler potential with the strongest differences in comparison to the classical Regge-Wheeler potential being near the horizon.
Associativity certificates for Kontsevich’s star-product ⋆ mod ō(ħ

k
): k ⩽ 6 unlike k ⩾ 7
Authors: Buring Ricardo , Kiselev Arthemy V
Published: December 2023

The formula ⋆ mod ō(ħ

k
) of Kontsevich’s star-product with harmonic propagators was known in full at ħ

k⩾6 since 2018 for generic Poisson brackets, and since 2022 also at k = 7 for affine brackets. We discover that the mechanism of associativity for the star-product up to ō(ħ
6) is different from the mechanism at order 7 for both the full star-product and the affine star-product. Namely, at lower orders the needed consequences of the Jacobi identity are immediately obtained from the associator mod ō(ħ
6), whereas at order ħ
7 and higher, some of the necessary differential consequences are reached from the Kontsevich graphs in the associator in strictly more than one step.
Precision Measurement of Dimension over Two Pins of Flexspline of Harmonic Reducer
Authors: Liu Caitao , Xie Xingyang , Cui Yuguo , Liang Dan , Liu Li , Lou Junqiang
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a comparative method for accurately measuring dimension over two pins of flexspline of harmonic reducer. Firstly, we design a measuring system and introduce its composition and measuring principle. Secondly, we propose an alignment method to reduce measurement error caused by eccentric installation. Finally, the alignment method proposed was experimentally verified, and the dimension over two pins of flexspline was measured. The verification results showed that the proposed alignment method had a positive effect, and its feasibility was confirmed. Dimension over two pins of standard flexspline was found to be 64.855 mm. By employing the proposed comparison method, the dimension over two pins of the three measured flexsplines was 64.848 mm, 64.862 mm, and 64.857 mm, respectively. The measurement accuracy achieved was less than 10 μm, meeting the required measurement accuracy standards and significantly improving upon traditional measurement methods.
Design of pressure signal acquisition system based on STM32
Authors: Xu Wenxian , Li Yingjun , Wang Guicong , Meng Xiangzhou
Published: December 2023

In order to realize the function of an automatic target-scoring system for shock wave pressure signal positioning, it is necessary to collect multi-channel shock wave pressure signals. Therefore, this paper designs a sensor signal acquisition and processing system based on STM32. The system can realize the acquisition and processing of 8-channel sensor signals. The hardware module includes the operational amplifier module, the acquisition conversion module, the temperature acquisition module, and the wireless transmission module. In order to solve the positioning coordinates, the program is written based on Keil uVision5 and STM32 firmware library. The PYQT5 is called to design the host computer receiving software. Finally, the acquisition test of the designed acquisition system is carried out. The test results show that the signal reduction degree of the designed acquisition system is more than 90%. The designed signal acquisition system has the advantages of high reliability and small size. It also has a certain universality.
Reliability assessment method for MEMS accelerometers based on uncertainty process
Authors: Xie Xin , Chen Guoliang
Published: December 2023

In this paper, according to the degradation data characteristics of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) accelerometers of small samples, the uncertainty theory is introduced into, and the reliability model of the product is established by deduction according to the three basic scientific principles of reliability analysis. In this paper, the parameter estimation and model validation problems are solved under the framework of uncertainty theory by using the great likelihood estimation and hypothesis testing method under the algorithm of uncertainty theory. It is analyzed that the MEMS accelerometer reliability model based on uncertainty theory is a new method for reliability assessment applicable to dealing with uncertainty problems in the absence of large samples of degraded data.