bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinician and computer: a study on doctors’ perceptions of artificial intelligence in skeletal radiography
Authors: York Thomas , Raj Siddarth , Ashdown Thomas , Jones Gareth
Published: August 2022

Background - Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries are a common presentation to emergency care, the first-line investigation often being plain radiography. The interpretation of this imaging frequently falls to less experienced clinicians despite well-established challenges in reporting. This study presents novel data of clinicians’ confidence in interpreting trauma radiographs, their perception of AI in healthcare, and their support for the development of systems applied to skeletal radiography.Methods- A novel questionnaire was distributed through a network of collaborators to clinicians across the Southeast of England. Over a three-month period, responses were compiled into a database before undergoing statistical review. Results- The responses of 297 participants were included. The mean self-assessed knowledge of AI in healthcare was 3.68 out of ten, with significantly higher knowledge reported by the most senior doctors (ST3/SpR or above=4.88). 13.8% of participants reported an awareness of AI in their clinical practice. Overall, participants indicated substantial favourability towards AI in healthcare (7.87) and in AI applied to skeletal radiography (7.75). There was a preference for a hypothetical system indicating positive findings rather than ruling as negative (7.26 vs 6.20).Conclusions - This study identifies clear support, amongst a cross section of student and qualified doctors, for both the general use of AI technology in healthcare and in its application to skeletal radiography for trauma. The development of systems to address this demand appear well founded and popular. The engagement of a small but reticent minority should be sought, along with improving the wider education of doctors on AI.
H∞ controller design for the vibration suppression of the rolling mill system with time-varying input delay
Authors: Qian Cheng , Zhang Liuliu , Hua Changchun
Published: August 2022

The rolling mill system has the characteristic of measurement delay. In order to deal with the effects of time-delayed feedback from strip thickness measurement on vibration suppression, this paper studies the vibration suppression control strategy for the rolling mill system under time varying delay. Initially, the nonlinear rolling force and disturbance are taken into consideration during the dynamic rolling process. The mechanism-hydraulic coupling vibration model is established based on the flow equation and Newton's second law. Meanwhile, input delay caused by strip thickness measurement is considered in the rolling mill system and a time-delayed coupling vibration state-space model is introduced via choosing the appropriate state variables. Secondly, the corresponding linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are derived from an augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) with advanced inequalities and are used to synthesize a controller that can achieve the asymptotical stability and H ∞ performance index. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is verified by simulation experiment results.
Collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell stemness via Hippo signaling repression.
Authors: Xiong Yi-xiao , Zhang Xiaochao , Zhu Jing-han , Zhang Yuxin , Pan Yonglong , Wu Yu , Zhao Jian-ping , Liu Junjie , Lu Yuan-xiang , liang huifang , Zhang Zhanguo , Zhang Wanguang
Published: August 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a minority population of cancer cells with stemness and multiple differentiation potentials, leading to cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. However, the concrete mechanism of CSCs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains obscure. We found that in advanced HCC tissues, collagen Ⅰ was upregulated, which is consistent with the expression of its receptor DDR1. Accordingly, high collagen Ⅰ levels accompanied by high DDR1 expression are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Collagen Ⅰ-induced DDR1 activation enhanced HCC cell stemness in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, DDR1 interacts with CD44, which acts as a co-receptor that amplifies collagen Ⅰ-induced DDR1 signaling, and collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling antagonized Hippo signaling by facilitating the recruitment of PP2AA to MST1, leading to exaggerated YAP activation. The combined inhibition of DDR1 and YAP synergistically abrogated HCC cell stemness in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. A radiomic model based on T2 weighted image can noninvasively predict collagen Ⅰ expression. These findings reveal the molecular basis of collagen Ⅰ-DDR1 signaling inhibiting Hippo signaling and highlight the role of CD44/DDR1/YAP axis in promoting cancer cell stemness, suggesting that DDR1 and YAP may serve as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in HCC.
USP39-mediated deubiquitination of Cyclin B1 at Lys242 promotes tumor cell cycle G2/M transition and glioma progression
Authors: chen Weilin , Xiao Yue , Chen Xinyi , Hu Weiwei , Ma Wenjing , Di Qianqian , Tang Haimei , Zhao Xibao , Huang Guodong
Published: August 2022

The elevated Cyclin B1 expression contributes to various tumorigenesis and poor prognosis. Cyclin B1 expression could be regulated by ubiquitination and deubiquitination. However, the mechanism of how Cyclin B1 is deubiquitinated and its roles in human glioma remain unclear. In this study, co-immunoprecipitation and other assays were performed to detect the interacting of Cyclin B1 and USP39. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate the effect of USP39 on the tumorigenicity of tumor cells. We discover that USP39 interacts with Cyclin B1 and stabilizes its expression by deubiquitinating Cyclin B1. Notably, we demonstrate that USP39 cleaves the K29-linked polyubiquitin chain on Cyclin B1 at Lys242. Additionally, overexpression of Cyclin B1 rescues the arrested cell cycle at G2/M transition and the suppressed proliferation of glioma cells caused by USP39 knockdown in vitro. Furthermore, USP39 promotes the growth of glioma xenograft in subcutaneous and in situ of nude mice. Finally, in human glioma and other tumor specimens, the expression levels of USP39 and Cyclin B1 proteins are clinically positively relevant. In summary, our data support the evidence that USP39 acts a novel deubiquitinating enzyme of Cyclin B1 and promoted tumor cell proliferation at least in part through Cyclin B1 stabilization, represents a promising therapeutic strategy for tumor patients.
On the p-Renyi entropy power for nonlinear diffusion equations on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Wang Yu-Zhao , Zhang Hui-Ting
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we use a new method to prove the concavity of p-Rényi entropy power for doubly nonlinear diffusion equations on compact Riemanian manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature based on an explicit variational formula via trace free tensors. Moreover, we obtain the NIW formula between p-Renyi entropy power, p-Fisher information and W-entropy for doubly nonlinear diffusion equations.Mathematics Subject Classification (2010)﻿. Primary 58J35; Secondary 35K55.
GCMS based metabolite profiling of first flush Darjeeling tea (orthodox) through the processing steps: First report.
Authors: De Dwaipee , Sarkar Sreerupa , Chhetri Himashree , Chatterjee Jhelam , Sinha Nitu , Das Sujit , Sarkar Abhijit , Das Susmita , Ray Sonali
Published: August 2022

Climatic and soil conditions affect the first flush metabolite composition of the economic crop Darjeeling tea, can impact flavour, nutrition and overall consumer preferences. We sampled Camellia sinensis var. sinensis grown in Darjeeling hills and from different processing steps.75 metabolites have been illustrated utilizing GC/MS based metabolomic and chemometric tool. Metabolomic profiling performed across production will aim identification of quality markers and establishing database applicable for Darjeeling tea authentication, the first GI product of India. PCA and PLSDA show differences in tea metabolites through the processing steps. The chemometric analysis elucidates the changes in important metabolites. The antioxidant activity showed significant changes. The amino acids enhanced significantly (p < 0.05), from fresh tea leaves to finally processed product. The organic acids, inorganic acids and fatty acid compounds decreased. Among the phenolic compounds, caffeic acids, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, chlorogenic acid, 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid showed increase in their concentration, whereas catechin, (-) - epicatechin, gallic acid, pyrogallol, quinic acid, shikimic acid, arbutin showed remarkable decrease in concentration in finally processed tea. The flavonoids kaempferol and taxifolin showed significant decrease in their concentration.During first flush meteorological parameters recorded along with variation of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 concentrations and AQI.
Fine Structure of the Defense System of Synanceia verrucosa from, the Red Sea Egypt
Authors: Abd-Elrheem Ali
Published: August 2022

The stonefish has an advanced poisonous gland that has a lumen and medulla consisting of connective tissue types. All authors have studied the poisonous gland of stonefish and they give attention to two types of cells only careless transmission semithin. In the present study, we give attention to the whole structures of this gland by an accurate examination of Electron Micrographs in all gland areas. Also, some authors give attention to secretions only and do not give any attention to the complete structure of the poisonous defense system of an animal. In the present study, the sections were taken in different areas as the front gland, and mid, surround the spine for covering all areas to discover any new structure. This study revealed that the stonefish poisonous gland Synanceia verrucosa in the Red Sea has four types of cells called T.A, T.B, T.C, and T.D appear as (first evidence) in semithin only.
The Correlation between Blepharospasm and Psychological diseases: The Anxiety, Depression and Sleep disorder Study
Authors: Zhang Huina , Gao Qi , Xie Jiajun , Ye Juan
Published: August 2022

Background
To investigate the relationship between Blepharospasm (BEB) symptoms and depression/anxiety/sleep disorder in a prospective manner and to determine whether treatment the BEB with BoNT/A can impact psychological symptoms.
Methods
This prospective interventional case series recruited 61 adults with evidence of BEB. Patients were administered the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS), the Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI), Personal Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) and the Athens insomnia scale (AIS) to evaluate the severity of BEB symptoms, depression, anxiety and sleep disorder before and 1 week, 1 month, 3months after the BoNTA treatment. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the relationships between changes in the survey scores.
Results
The mean score for JRS, BSDI, PHQ-8, and GAD-7 improved significantly (P < 0.0001), respectively, compared to the initial visit at follow-up. At baseline, worse BSDI scores were correlated with worse GAD-7 and PHQ-8, but not with worse AIS. At 1 month follow-up visit, there is no correlation between change in BSDI and PHQ-8/AIS, the change in GAD-7 show a mild association with change in BSDI. The change in BSDI was correlated with the change in both PHQ-8 and GAD-7 in the subgroup of patients without a prior diagnosis of depression or anxiety. Patient satisfaction with BoNT/A treatment reached the highest at one month of follow-up (83.6%, 51/61).
Conclusions
BEB may lead to psychological diseases, BoNT/A can significantly improve motor and non-motor symptoms of BEB, which emphasize the effectiveness of BoNT/A and therefore pave the way for its use in the field of psychiatry.
Trial registration:
Clinicaltrials, NCT04939909. 2021/06/25, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04939909
Mediating effects of suicidal ideation in the relationship between psychological distress and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents with major depressive disorder: The roles of sex and urban-rural status
Authors: Li Ruifen , Wang Yanni , Huo Lijuan , Lu Shiqi , Hao Jiayue , Li Peng , Zhu Feng , He Kongliang , Zheng Tiansheng , Su Li , Zhou Yongjie
Published: August 2022

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI) is a major public concern, and psychological distress(PD) has been found to be an important risk factor of NSSI. However, little is known about the mediating mechanism underlying this relationship. This study aimed at testing the mediating effects of suicidal ideation(SI) in the relationship between PD and NSSI among adolescents with major depressive disorder. Additionally, it's unclear if this effect exists or differs between sexes or urban-rural status.Methods: A total of 428 Chinese adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD) from 9 provinces across China completed self-reported questionnaires regarding PD, SI and NSSI.Results: The SI mediated the relationship between PD and NSSI, and the estimated ratio of the total effect of PD that could be explained by mediation through SI was 33.59%. The ratio was higher in female adolescents with MDD (39.23%) than in males(18.05%), and it was higher in urban adolescents with MDD(43.35%) than in rural adolescents with MDD(15.55%).Conclusions: Among adolescents with MDD, PD may influence NSSI behavior through SI. Interventions aimed at reducing NSSI associated with PD may be enhanced by efforts to mitigate SI, especially in females and urban adolescents.
Significance of the expression of adhesion moleculesin the progression of gallbladder cancer
Authors: Kim Sungho , Suh Shin-Do , Suh Sung-Ok , Lee Kun-Ok , Han Hyung-Joon , Song Tae-Jin
Published: August 2022

Background The role and clinical utility of the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) have been studied in several malignancies. However, there have been few studies of the role of the CAM in gallbladder cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical utility and the value as a prognostic factor of the CAM in gallbladder cancer. MethodsThe expression of CAMs (E-cadherin, E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VACM-1) of the tissues from 25 malignant and 25 benign gallbladder disease patient who were operated between January 2005 and July 2009 at Korea University Ansan Hospital were analyzed by immunohistochemical stain and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). And the correlation of expression of CAMs with clinicopathological variables were evaluated.ResultsThe expressions of E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and VACM-1 on immunohistochemical stain of malignancy group were decreased with statistically differences compared to benign group (p<0.001, p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). The ratio of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in the gallbladder cancer tissues was significantly decreased on real time PCR (p=0.009 and p=0.034, respectively), and the alteration of expression in E-selectin was significantly correlated to cell differentiation(p=0.023), T stage(p=0.005) and TNM stage(p=0.023).ConclusionsThis result could be a base of the alteration of expression of CAMs and suggests the possibility that E-selectin may be used in prediction of outcomes of gallbladder cancer and expected to be used in practice.
Specific lncRNA signatures discriminate childhood acute leukemias: a pilot study
Authors: Buono Lorena , Iside Concetta , Matteo Antonia , Stellato Pio , Beneduce Giuliana , Penta Roberta , Parasole Rosanna , Salvatore Marco , Smaldone Giovanni , Mirabelli Peppino
Published: August 2022

Background: Long non-coding RNAs are RNAs longer than 200 bps that do not encode any proteins and are able to alter gene expression by acting on different steps of regulation, including DNA methylation and chromatin structure. They represent a class of biomarkers of crescent interest in the hematologic and oncologic fields. Recent studies showed that the expression levels of specific lncRNAs correlate with the prognosis of paediatric patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Methods: We used NGS approaches to analyse the transcriptome of 9 childhood B-ALL patients and 6 childhood T-ALL patients, in comparison with B and T healthy lymphocytes from cord blood. We validate our findings both ex vivo, in a different cohort of 10 B-ALL and 10 T-ALL patients, and in silico using public datasets.Results: We characterised the lncRNA landscape for B-ALL, T-ALL, healthy B, and T cell progenitors. From the characterised signature, we selected candidate lncRNAs able to discriminate not only B-ALL and T-ALL from healthy subjects but also between the two types of leukaemia, and subsequently validated their potential as a diagnostic tool in an additional cohort of paediatric patients. We confirmed our finding with open access transcriptomic data, comparing ALL lncRNAs with AML lncRNA landscape as well. Finally, expression correlation analyses of T-ALL selected lncRNA biomarkers suggested a possible role in lymphocyte activation and the β-catenin signalling pathway for AC247036.1 and involvement in hedgehog signalling for HHIP-AS1.Conclusions: Our work identified a lncRNA signature discriminating paediatric B-ALL and T-ALL from healthy subjects, between them and from AML. This study provides the keystone to future clinical studies determining the theragnostic value of the characterised long non coding transcriptome panorama in a clinical setting for childhood patient management.
A novel single layer full-adder in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA)
Authors: Rezaei Fatemeh , Omidi Reza
Published: August 2022

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a new technology for designing digital circuits in nanoscale. The design of a QCA circuit is radically different from the conventional digital design due to its unique characteristics at both the physical and logical levels. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata is not a physical implementation yet, it is rather a lower-level abstraction since there are several ways to build the quantum dots and connect them. Quantum dots can be any charge containers, with discrete electrical energy states (there may be more than two states, but only two-state case is used), sometimes called artificial atoms. In this paper, a new 3-input majority gate was initially proposed, then an efficient design of a single-layer full-adder was introduced using the proposed optimized 3-input majority gate. The functional correctness of the proposed structure is evaluated by the QCA Designer tool. Simulation results show that the proposed full-adder is improved and more efficient in terms of area, the number of cells, and latency.
The Diagnostic Performance of Antimullerian Hormone for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Polycystic Ovarian Morphology
Authors: Vural Fisun , Vural Birol , Kardaş Eyupcan , Coşkun Ayşe Deniz Ertürk , Yildirim İrem
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains a challenge to clinicians due to heterogeneous clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria. This study investigated the utilization of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) alone or replacing polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in the PCOS diagnostic criteria.Methods: A total of 401 women were categorised as PCOS (n:154), nonPCOS with polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) (n:105), and nonPCOS with normal ovarian morphology (NOM) (n:142). Firstly, diagnostic performance of AMH for PCOS diagnosis in Rotterdam, Androgen Excess Society, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria was analyzed. Secondly, AMH was used instead of PCOM in Rotterdam criteria and we searched diagnostic performance for PCOS phenotypes Results: AMH levels were positively correlated with LH, testosterone, hirsutism score, menstrual cycle length, and antral follicle count (p<0.05). AMH alone had specificity and sensitivity for PCOS diagnosis were 84.9% and 72.4% in Rotterdam (AUC: 0,866) ; 84.4 % and 72% in Androgen Excess Society (AUC:0.857) ; 83.3 % and 66.4% in National Institute of Health criteria (AUC:0.825). AMH alone had satisfactory diagnostic potential for phenotype A, but not other phenotypes. The replacement of PCOM with AMH in Rotterdam criteria had high diagnostic potential for PCOS (AUC:0.934, sensitivity:97.4%,specificity: 90.67%).Phenotype A and phenotype D were diagnosed with 100% sensitivity and 94.5 % specificity. Phenotype C was recognised with 96.15 % sensitivity and 94.5 % specificity.Conclusion: AMH may be used with high diagnostic accuracy instead of PCOM in the Rotterdam PCOS criteria.
Hydrogeochemistry and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of subsidence lakes in coal mining areas with high phreatic levels in eastern China
Authors: jiang chunlu , Jiang Chenghong , Zha Junzhen , Liu Hui , Liu Dou , Zheng Liugen
Published: August 2022

Large-area subsidence lakes in coal mining areas with high phreatic levels in eastern China play a very important role in regulating water resources and improving the ecological environment. These coal mining-related subsidence lakes vary in formation time and connectivity with rivers. These factors may influence the hydrogeochemistry and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of the lake water. This study assessed the hydrogeochemical and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics and the influencing factors of the subsidence lake water, surface river water and shallow groundwater in the Huainan coal mine area in eastern China. The results showed that the hydrochemical types of the subsidence lake water and river water are Cl-Na and HCO3•Cl-Na and that the hydrochemical types of the shallow groundwater are mainly HCO3•Cl-Na and HCO3•Cl-Ca. There are no significant differences in the hydrochemical characteristics of subsidence lakes with different subsidence ages and types. The major ions in each water body mainly come from evaporite dissolution and silicate weathering, and ion exchange occurs. Reverse ion exchange occurs in some shallow groundwater samples. The hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of the subsidence lake water, river water and shallow groundwater plot below and to the right of the LMWL and are distributed along a straight line, indicating that these water bodies have a common source, namely, precipitation. With increases in the formation time of the subsidence lakes, the heavy isotopes in the lake water gradually become depleted, and the d value gradually increases, mainly driven by precipitation dilution, weakening evaporation, river recharge and groundwater recharge. The isotopic values of different types of lakes with the same subsidence time differ little. The research results are of great significance for understanding the water cycle and water resource evaluation of coal mining subsidence lakes.
Dihydroartemisinin-induced ferroptosis in acute myeloid leukemia: links to iron metabolism and metallothionein
Authors: Grignano Eric , Cantero-Aguilar Lilia , Tuerdi Zubaidan , Chabane Thella , Vazquez Romain , Johnson Natacha , Birsen Rudy , Fontenay Michaela , Kosmider Olivier , Chapuis Nicolas , Bouscary Didier
Published: August 2022

Artemisinin is an anti-malarial drug that has shown anticancer properties. Recently, ferroptosis was reported to be induced by dihydroartemisinin and linked to iron increase. In the current study, we determined the effect of artemisinin in leukemic cell lines on ferroptosis induction and iron metabolism and the cytoprotective effect triggered in leukemic cells. We found that treatment of artemisinin induces early ferroptosis by promoting ferritinophagy and subsequent iron increase. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that artemisinin activated zinc metabolism signaling, especially the upregulation of metallothionein. By inhibiting MT2A and MT1M isoforms, we showed that cytotoxic effect of artemisinin and ferroptosis induction were enhanced. Finally, we demonstrated that ferroptosis inducers effect acting on glutathione pool were highly dependent on MTs-driven antioxidant response. Taken together, our study indicated that DHA activates ferritinophagy and subsequent ferroptosis in AML and that MTs are involved in glutathione regenerating and antioxidant response.
Construction of Continuous Span Assembly Type Erection Based on Accurate Calculation of Line Length
Authors: Li Xiaobin , Huang Zhiming , Chen Xiaona , Liang Minjian , Chen Yi
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Pan-specific Multi Allelic pHLA Presenting Prediction through Resnet-based and LSTM-based Neural Networks
Authors: Mi Xue , Li Shaohao , Ye Zheng , Dai Zhu , Feng Songwei , Li Zhanping , Yan Kai , Shao Baoyi , Ding Bo , Sun Bo , Shen Yang , Xiao Zhongdang
Published: August 2022

Peptide-HLA (pHLA) is a peptide that may attach to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and be presented to specialized immune cells, then initiate an immune response. Computational prediction of peptide and HLA binding is an important tool in studying T cell immunity that can assist in the design of neoantigen vaccines. However, the majority of current prediction approaches are limited to single allele (SA) HLA data, predictive tools to optimize mutant peptides with higher affinity for multi allelic (MA) HLA are lacking. Here, we describe ResMAHPan (https://github.com/Luckysoutheast/ResMAHpan.git), which integrates long short term memory (LSTM) network and Resnet network with coordinate attention (CA) for pHLA binding and presentation prediction. ResMAHPan considerably outperforms the standard predictors NetMHCpan 4.0 and MHCflurry 2.0 by enriching for current MA HLA presentation prediction algorithms on held-out mass spectrometry experiments. We propose a mode based on existing MA-pHLA encoding that allows incorporation of neoantigen prediction tasks into computer vision methods—which can aggregate MA HLA molecules into a multichannel matrix and incorporated peptide sequences to capture binding signals efficiently. Finally, the integrated model could be employed as a independent neoantigen recognition approach to improve neoantigen identification accuracy, or in conjunction with other methods to achieve the maximum level of accuracy.
Wild kras inhibit the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer through Wnt /β-catenin pathway
Authors: hu xianhua , Zhao Chunyan , Zhang Rendan , yao jiaxin , Bo Mu
Published: August 2022

introduction:Kras mutation is considered to be the initiation event of PDAC, and the mutation frequency of kras gene in PDAC is 90%-95%. Studies have shown that wild kras has a survival advantage in PDAC and can antagonize the effect of krasG12D, leading to low cell transformation efficiency. This study focused on the differences in biological behavior between wild kras and krasG12D, and explored the mechanism of its action on pancreatic cancer.Materials and methods: we transfected overexpressed wild kras and mutated kras into cells by lentivirus transfection. The differences and mechanisms were explored by CCK-8, clone formation assay,wound healing assay,transwell test,western blot,immunohistochemistry, and tumor formation in nude mice.Results: In vitro, the proliferation of wild kras was reduced compared with the control, while the proliferation of mutant kras was not significantly changed. In vivo, the proliferation of wild kras was reduced and the proliferation of mutated kras was enhanced compared to the control. The invasion and migration of wild kras decreased, while the invasion and migration of mutant kras increased.western blot showed that the expressions of E-cadherin, α-E-catenin, MMP-3, MMP-9 and p-STAT3 in wild kras were up-regulated, while the mutant kras had no significant change. The results of immunohistochemistry were consistent with those of western blot. Conclusion: wild kras can inhibit proliferation of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo, while mutant kras can promote proliferation in vivo, but not significantly in vitro.wild kras may inhibit invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer through the Wnt /β-catenin pathway.
Development of machine learning-based reference evapotranspiration model for the semi-arid region of Punjab, India
Authors: Das Susanta , KAUR SAMANPREET , Raheja Amina , Gill Kulwinder Kaur , Sharda Rakesh
Published: August 2022

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical element of the hydrological cycle, and its proper assessment is essential for irrigation scheduling, agricultural and hydro-meteorological studies, and water budget estimation. It is computed for most applications as a product of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) and crop coefficient, notably using the well-known two-step method. Accurate predictions of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) using limited meteorological inputs are critical in data-constrained circumstances, and the preferred FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM) equation cannot be used. To overcome the complexity of calculation, the present study is focused on developing a Random Forest-based ET0 model to estimate the crop ET for the semi-arid region of northwest India. The RF-based model was developed by focusing on the readily available data at the farm level. For comparative study Hargreaves–Samani model was also modified and used to estimate the ET0. Further, ET0 was also estimated using existing models like Hargreaves–Samani model and the Modified Panman model. The models' calibration and validation were done using meteorological data collected from the weather station of Punjab Agricultural University for 21 years (2090 − 2010) and nine years (2011–2019), respectively, and the PM FAO-56 model was taken as a standard model. The developed RF-based model's mean absolute error and root-mean-square deviation were found to be better than the other models, and it was obtained as 0.95 mm/d and 1.32, respectively, with an r2 value of 0.92. The developed RF-based model was used to predict the ET0, and further, predicted ET0 values were used for irrigation scheduling of two growing seasons (2020–2021) of maize and wheat crops. The result of the field experiment also shows that there was no significant yield reduction in the crop. Hence, This developed study model can be used for the irrigation in the semiarid region of the Punjab India as well as other part of world. Also, it can be used as a replacement FAO-56 model.
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy to prevent the development of neurodevelopmental disorders related to low birth weight
Authors: Tsuji Masahiro , Mukai Takeo , Sato Yoshiaki , Azuma Yasue , Yamamoto Saki , Cayetanot Florence , Bodineau Laurence , Onoda Atsuto , Nagamura-Inoue Tokiko , Coq Jacques-Olivier
Published: August 2022

Low birth weight (LBW) increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder and autism spectrum disorder, as well as cerebral palsy. Neuroinflammation in fetuses and neonates plays a major pathogenic role in NDDs. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) have immunomodulatory properties. LBW pups born to dams subjected to mild intrauterine hypoperfusion and pups born to sham-treated dams, received intravenous administration of either human UC-MSCs (1 × 105 cells) or a vehicle on postnatal day 1 (P1). Rats in the LBW-vehicle group exhibited significantly lesser decrease in the monosynaptic response with increased frequency of stimulation to the spinal cord preparation from P4 to P6, suggesting hyperexcitability, which was improved by UC-MSC treatment. Three-chamber sociability tests at 7 weeks of age showed that only males in the LBW-vehicle group exhibited disturbed sociability, which was ameliorated by UC-MSC treatment. Other parameters, including those determined via open-field tests, were not improved by UC-MSC treatment. Serum or cerebrospinal fluid levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were not elevated in the LBW-vehicle group, and the effects of UC-MSC treatment on inflammation were unclear. In conclusion, UC-MSC treatment may prevent the development of NDDs.
Highly ordered deuterated ice XIV
Authors: Hauschild Elisabet , Tonauer Christina , Eisendle Silvia , Landete Violeta Fuentes , Yamashita Keishiro , Hoffmann Lars , Böhmer Roland , Loerting Thomas
Published: August 2022

Highly ordered D2O ice XIV is identified as a possible new candidate phase for ice XX (PNP-ice XX) on the basis of calorimetry, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and volumetric measurements. Previous work yielded weakly ordered deuterated ice XIV featuring less than 20% of the maximum order defined in terms of Pauling's configurational entropy. Here, we introduce a preparation protocol that allows for highly ordered ice XIV, with a degree of order between 40% and 65%. This protocol involves 110 minutes of annealing of doped ice XII at 94 K and 0.81 GPa, followed by recovery to ambient pressure and storage in liquid nitrogen. The use of both DCl-doping to produce ionic and Bjerrum defects as well as the addition of 1% H2O to produce dynamic H-defects in the bath of D-atoms are key for accelerating the ordering process. At 94 K the dielectric relaxation of highly ordered ice XIV is about ten times slower than that of weakly ordered ice XIV. By contrast to weakly ordered ice XIV, the dielectric relaxation times of highly ordered D2O ice XIV feature a clear kink near the transition to ice XII at 102 K. Furthermore, the volume changes by about 0.6% at the transition of ice XII to ice XIV, owing to the impact of H-ordering on the O-atom network. Powder X-ray diffraction on highly ordered D2O ice XIV reveals several Bragg peaks splittings that are not resolved in weakly ordered ice XIV. These superstructure reflections indicate the presence of a new crystallographic phase and call for powder neutron-diffraction studies to fully elucidate the crystal structure of highly ordered ice XIV.
Interface Engineering for Substantial Performance Enhancement in Epitaxial All Perovskite Oxide Capacitor
Authors: Kim Youngsung , Bang Jeongil , Lee Jaeho , Do Eun Cheol , Kim Hyungjun , Na Byunghoon , Kim Haeryong , Park Bo-Eun , lee Jooho , Kim Che-Heung , Jang Ho Won
Published: August 2022

Capacitors based on ABO3-type perovskite oxides show considerable promise for overcoming the limitations of nanoscale integration for dynamic random access memory (DRAM) devices. Among thermodynamically stable perovskite oxides, titanates (ATiO3) exhibit high dielectric permittivity in metal–insulator–metal (MIM) configurations. However, their ultimate properties remain under scrutiny for mitigating the large leakage current caused by their narrow bandgap (3 eV). Herein, substantially enhanced dielectric properties of an epitaxial SrRuO3/Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3/SrRuO3 MIM capacitor with a thin dielectric layer (10 nm) are reported. The dielectric/electrode heterointerface was engineered to realize a capacitor with low leakage current and high dielectric permittivity. A pit-free and stoichiometric SrRuO3 bottom electrode with atomically smooth surface was exploited for suppressing defect formation at the heterointerface. The critical roles of oxygen vacancies and substituted transition-metal atoms in determining the leakage current were accessed and a strategy for reducing the leakage current via interface engineering was established. Consequently, a dielectric permittivity of 861 and leakage current density of 5.15 × 10− 6 A/cm2 at 1 V were obtained with the thinnest dielectric layer ever reported. Our work paves the way for the development of perovskite-oxide-based capacitors in next-generation DRAM memories.
Influence of Powder Production Process and Properties on Material Properties of Ti 6Al 4V Manufactured by L-PBF
Authors: Meier Benjamin , Warchomicka Fernando , Petrusa Jelena , Angerer Paul , Wosik Jaroslaw , Kaindl Reinhard , Petrovic Vojislav , Waldhauser Wolfgang , Sommitsch Christof
Published: August 2022

Besides process parameters, powder properties such as grain size, morphology and chemical composition have the highest impact on material properties of parts produced by powder based additive manufacturing. These properties are strongly influenced by the production process of the powder and its feedstock. In scope of this work this influence of three different powder producers of Ti6Al4V, on density, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of build samples are investigated. Further the effects of the varying atomization process on morphology, particle size distribution, chemical composition and oxide layers are studied. Particle size distribution and flowability seem to have minor influence on the production process while density depends highly on the surface topology, sphericity and nature of the oxide layer, which affect energy intake. Tensile properties are highly influenced by chemical composition, mainly dissolved oxygen and polluting satellites, while notched bar impact strength is additionally influenced by the oxide layer and suspected TiO 2 precipitations caused by it.
Identification, Evolution, and Expression Analysis of OsBSK Gene Family in Oryza sativa Japonica
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Hu Xuewei , Dong Jiejing , Du Mengxiang , Song Juqi , Xu Shangyuan , Zhao Changjiang
Published: August 2022

Background
As an essential component of the BR (brassinosteroid) signaling pathway, BSK (BR-signalling kinases) plays a vital role in plant growth, development, and stress regulation. There have been sporadic reports on the functions of members of this family in monocotyledonous model plant rice, but few reports have been reported on the phylogenetic analysis and gene expression profiling of the family genes.
Results
In this study, a total of 6 OsBSK members were identified at the genomic level by bioinformatics methods, distributed on four rice chromosomes. Through the evolution analysis of 73 BSK proteins from 22 species, it was found that BSKs originated from higher plants, were highly conserved, and could be divided into six subgroups. Among them, OsBSKs belong to four subgroups or two significant groups. OsBSK family gene promoters contain a large number of light, abscisic acid (ABA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) response-related elements. At the same time, the qRT-PCR test also showed that the genes of this family of rice were involved in response to a variety of hormones, biotic and abiotic stress treatments, and expression patterns of the family gene can be roughly divided into two categories, which were similar to the tissue expression patterns of genes in different growth stages. OsBSK1, OsBSK3, and OsBSK5 were mostly up-regulated. OsBSK4, OsBSK6, and OsBSK2 were mostly down-regulated or had little change in expression.
Conclusions
This study revealed the origin and evolution of the BSK family and the farm-out of BSKs in rice growth, development, and stress response. It provided the theoretical reference for in-depth analysis of BR hormone and signal transduction pathway, and molecular breeding design for resistance.
Foreshock properties illuminate nucleation processes of slow and fast laboratory earthquakes
Authors: Bolton David , Marone Chris , Saffer Demian , Trugman Daniel
Published: August 2022

Understanding the connection between seismic activity and the earthquake nucleation process is a fundamental goal in earthquake seismology with important implications for earthquake early warning systems and forecasting. We use high-resolution acoustic emission (AE) waveform measurements from laboratory stick-slip experiments that span a spectrum of slow to fast slip rates to probe laboratory foreshocks and nucleation. We measure the waveform similarity of AE templates and use differential travel-times to track their relative locations. Fast laboratory earthquakes are preceded by a late, rapid increase in waveform similarity prior to failure, whereas slow slip events show a modest increase in waveform similarity before failure. Differential travel-time and waveform similarity measurements reveal a spatiotemporal coalescence of foreshocks prior to failure. Our work suggests that laboratory foreshocks evolve systematically prior to stick-slip failure and are a byproduct of a slow nucleation process driven by pre-seismic fault slip.
The circulating phageome reflects bacterial infections
Authors: Haddock Naomi , Barkal Layla , Ram-Mohan Nikhil , Kaber Gernot , Chiu Charles , Bhatt Ami , Yang Samuel , bollyky Paul
Published: August 2022

Bacteriophage, viruses that infect bacteria, are abundant in the human body but the relationship between the phageome and bacterial population dynamics is unclear. Because bacteriophage are often highly specific to bacterial host strains and species, we asked whether bacteriophage present in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) reflect bacterial infections in sepsis and other infections. To address this, we generate a computational pipeline for identifying bacteriophage sequences in cfDNA. In three large, independent cohorts of infected patients and asymptomatic controls, we demonstrate that all individuals have a circulating phageome. Moreover, infection associates with overrepresentation of pathogen-specific phage, allowing for identification of bacterial pathogens. We further show that phage can identify pathovariant Escherichia coli infections and distinguish between closely-related pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and frequent contaminants such as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Phage DNA may have utility in identifying bacterial pathogens in infection and studying bacterial dynamics.
Indoor Household Water Consumption Data Generation Model by Use of Probability Distributions
Authors: Wang Dong , Liu Zhen , Yuan Jia , Li Lei , Liu Xin
Published: August 2022

An indoor household water consumption data generation model is proposed by use of probability distributions of six different end-uses (shower, bath，toilet, tap, washing mashing, dishwasher) on a temporal scale of one hour. Based on the probability distributions of six residential indoor end-use events in terms of household size, daily event frequency, event occurrence time and water consumption volume recently developed, the precise daily water consumption in hour resolution can be analytically deduced without original dataset collected from water resource management department. Then, the quantitative relationships between household water usage and the influence factors affecting the residential water consumption: air temperature and water-saving consciousness are derived to modify the above data in order to make the results more consistent with the actual situation. Considering that the daily air temperature is closely related to the shower, bath, washing machine frequency, setting the 25℃ as the temperature threshold. At the meantime, residents’ awareness of water-saving has a significant effect on water resource conservation that the water flows from tap can be recycled utilized for flushing the toilet. Simulation results show that the data generated from the model have a strong consistency with real data demonstrating the effectiveness and merit of the proposed method.
Determining deviation of the growth pattern of preterm infants and its causes according to Fenton growth chart: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jamali Zahra , Dehghani Fatemeh , Sabzevari Fatemeh , Parisi Zahra Daei , Bijari Bahareh Bahman
Published: August 2022

Background
This study performed to determine the frequency of postnatal growth retardation and its causes in preterm infants from hospitalization to 6 months after birth.
Methods
During one year (2020–2021), 255 preterm singleton infants weighing less than 2500g and gestational age less than 37 weeks of menstruation were born in Afzalipour medical education and health center in Kerman, Iran, were included in the study after receiving parental information. To evaluate the growth pattern of infants, anthropometric characteristics of infants including; birth weight, height, and head circumference at birth and ages 7, 14, 28 days, and then monthly to 6 months were recorded and compared with the Fenton growth chart. In addition, type of feeding, length of hospital stay, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation and receiving oxygen, length of receiving TPN, and causes and complications during hospitalization were recorded in a special questionnaire.
Results
The mean Z-score weight at birth and discharge at one, three, and six months were − 0.34, -1.19, -0. 85, -0.94, and − 1.79 respectively. The mean Z-score height at birth, time of discharge, one, three, and six months were 0.74, 0.20, -0.07, -0.79, and − 2.5 respectively. Also, the mean Z-score head circumference at birth, the time of discharge, one, and three months were 0.41, -0.19, -0.53, and − 1.17 respectively. Deviation from the Fenton GROWTH CHART (PGF), at the time of discharge, detected in 109 infants (42.7%), at one month 79 (31%), at three months 82 (32.2%) and at six months of age 134 (52.5%).
Conclusion
hospitalized Preterm babies have a slower growth rate than a healthy preterm infant due to complications such as sepsis, surgical problems, feeding intolerance, etx. Therefore, the interpretation of their longitudinal growth data should be done with caution. Improving the quality of care in NICU wards, more attention to optimizing their nutrients, short-term use of parenteral nutrition, and increasing the rate of enteral feeding reduces the incidence of PGF.
Exploration of a superior water-resistant protein coating with inherent functionality inspired by scallop byssus
Authors: Wang Lulu , Xue Bo , Xu Pingping , Liu Weizhi
Published: August 2022

Multifunctional coatings with superior water-resistance are urgently needed for clinical translational research, but few strategies can fabricate such protein coatings in a convenient way, especially under physiological conditions. Herein, we report a protein coating derived from scallop byssal protein 9 (Sbp9∆) with a superior water-resistant capacity and attractive traits, which was obtained by adapting a previously unexplored coating formation mechanism. We find that the reticulate coatings can be rapidly self-assembled in situ within 30 min after initiation with Ca2+. The self-assembly is mainly driven by direct interactions composed of hydrogen and coordinate bonds. Notably, the protein coatings exhibit superior water-resistant stability, mechanical performance similar to that of biological soft tissues, and well biocompatibility. Furthermore, proof-of-concept applications show that Sbp9∆ coatings can be directly used as cell-culture matrices to promote cell adhesion and spreading, as well as accelerate skin wound healing caused by photoaging and diabetes.