bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-supervised representation learning using feature pyramid siamese networks for colorectal polyp detection
Authors: Gan Tianyuan , Jin Ziyi , Yu Liangliang , Liang Xiao , Zhang Hong , Ye Xuesong
Published: December 2023

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. In recent years, the use of convolutional neural networks in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has facilitated simpler detection of early lesions like polyps during real-time colonoscopy. However, the majority of existing techniques require a large training dataset annotated by experienced experts. To alleviate the laborious task of image annotation and utilize the vast amounts of readily available unlabeled colonoscopy data to further improve the polyp detection ability, this study proposed a novel self-supervised representation learning method called feature pyramid siamese networks (FPSiam). First, a feature pyramid encoder module was proposed to effectively extract and fuse both local and global feature representations among colonoscopic images, which is important for dense prediction tasks like polyp detection. Next, a self-supervised visual feature representation containing the general feature of colonoscopic images is learned by the siamese networks. Finally, the feature representation will be transferred to the downstream colorectal polyp detection task. A total of 103 videos (861,400 frames), 100 videos (24,789 frames), and 60 videos (15,397 frames) in the LDPolypVideo dataset are used to pre-train, train, and test the performance of the proposed FPSiam and its counterparts, respectively. The experimental results have illustrated that our FPSiam approach obtains the optimal capability, which is better than that of other state-of-the-art self-supervised learning methods and is also higher than the method based on transfer learning by 2.3 mAP and 3.6 mAP for two typical detectors. In conclusion, FPSiam provides a cost-efficient solution for developing colorectal polyp detection systems, especially in conditions where only a small fraction of the dataset is labeled while the majority remains unlabeled. Besides, it also brings fresh perspectives into other endoscopic image analysis tasks.
Phenolic profiles and in vitro biochemical properties of Thai herb ingredients for chronic diseases prevention
Authors: On-Nom Nattira , Thangsiri Sirinapa , Inthachat Woorawee , Temviriyanukul Piya , Trisonthi Piyapat , Chupeerach Chaowanee , Siriwan Dalad , Suttisansanee Uthaiwan
Published: December 2023

Traditional remedies using natural ingredients have been handed down over generations, providing collective information for the development of modern therapeutics. These natural products have a long history of safe consumption with curative effects but lack of scientific-based evidence hinders the mass production of new remedies containing active ingredients with particular medicinal properties. This research investigated the phenolic profiles and biochemical properties of 29 herbal ingredients identified in two traditional Thai remedies, Prasachandaeng (PSCD) and Chantaharuethai (CHRT), and their effectiveness in combating chronic diseases. These two traditional remedies are used to reduce fever but some ingredients have been previously reported to possess other health-related properties. Statistical analysis by TOPSIS indicated that Biancaea sappan (L.) Tod. extract exhibited the highest overall closeness coefficient (C) score analyzed from all variables including total phenolic contents, antioxidant potentials, and enzyme inhibitions. Bouea macrophylla Griff. extract showed potential as an effective agent against diabetes through inhibition of two carbohydrate degrading enzymes, α-glucosidase and α-amylase, while Dischidia major (Vahl) Merr. showed strong properties as an anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme, leading to the control of hypertension. Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen effectively controlled the progression of Alzheimer’s disease through the inhibition of cholinergic and β-amyloid formation enzymes. These results can be used as preliminary data for the development of new remedies to prevent or treat particular chronic diseases.
Altered levels of cytokine, T- and B-lymphocytes, and PD-1 expression rates in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with acute phase
Authors: Zheng Yali , Zhang Qi , Zhou Xianqin , Yao Linjuan , Zhu Quanfeng , Fu Zhengchuang
Published: December 2023

Many studies have investigated the changes of immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with acute schizophrenia, but few studies have investigated the functional phenotypes of immune cells and the expression rate of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed cell death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1). The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of immune cells activation, PD-1/PD-L1 expressions, and altered cytokine levels in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with acute-phase. 23 drug-naïve schizophrenia patients in acute-phase and 23 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study as experimental and control groups, separately. Socio-demographic information including gender, age, duration of illness, and smoking status was collected for each subject. Beckman DXFLEX triple laser thirteen-color flow cytometer and self-contained software CytoFLEX flow cytometric analysis software were used to detect the expressions of PD-1/PD-L1 on CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells. BD Bioscience was used to examine the levels of cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10. Drug-naïve schizophrenia patients in acute-phase had higher levels of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, higher PD-1 expression in B lymphocytes, and lower levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes. In addition, IL-6 levels of peripheral blood were higher in schizophrenia patients (all P < 0.05). Significant immune stress was present in schizophrenia patients with acute-phase.
Analysis of influence factors of target polarization characteristics
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Yang Zhiyong , Li Gengpeng , Chen Dong , Wang Xiaowei
Published: December 2023

The target polarization characteristics reflect the important information about the medium material, surface texture, and structural characteristics of the target itself. In this paper, 9 kinds of samples with different materials, roughness, and surface texture direction are selected to measure the polarization characteristics in an outdoor environment, and the influencing factors of the target polarization characteristics are analyzed, where the influence of the surface texture direction on the spatial distribution of the target polarization characteristics is emphatically analyzed. The results show that the target polarization characteristics are affected by many factors such as material, roughness, surface texture direction, and detection position, and the greater the angle between the surface texture direction and the principal plane, the more concentrated the target polarization characteristics are in and around the principal plane, which could provide a theoretical basis for comprehensively mastering the target polarization characteristics, improving the ability of target polarization detection and recognition, and enhancing the confidence of the target polarization modeling and simulation.
Retinal sensitivity and fundus autofluorescence in adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy
Authors: Fujino Ryosuke , Inoue Tatsuya , Yanagi Yasuo , Maruyama-Inoue Maiko , Kadonosono Kazuaki , Obata Ryo , Asaoka Ryo
Published: December 2023

The present study aimed to compare retinal sensitivity (RS) at each stage and to evaluate the relationship between RS and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) pattern in adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AOFVD). We retrospectively reviewed 17 eyes of 13 patients with AOFVD. In addition to best-corrected visual acuity (VA), RS within the affected lesion and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements were carried out in each participant. All the examined eyes were classified into 4 stages and 3 FAF patterns. RS was superimposed on OCT fundus image and RS within the affected lesion was calculated in each eye. The relationships between visual functions (VA and RS within the affected lesion) and stages and also FAF patterns were analyzed using the linear mixed model. As a result, RS within the affected lesion was significantly associated with FAF pattern, but not with stage. In contrast, VA was correlated with neither stages nor FAF patterns. Our current result suggested that RS within the affected lesion was related to FAF patterns but this was not the case with VA in eyes with AOFVD, demonstrating the usefulness of measuring RS, not only VA, to comprehend the disease status in AOFVD.
Chemosensory input from mouthparts in response to sexually dimorphic cuticular wax mediates male sexual discrimination in Galerucella grisescens (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Chiba Yuki , Yosano Shun , Hori Masatoshi
Published: December 2023

The surface of the insect body is covered with a hydrophobic layer called cuticular wax (CW). In addition to functioning as an anti-desiccation agent, CW is critical for chemical communication. It has been reported that in Chrysomelidae, males discriminate between sexes based on the sex-specific CW. However, little is known regarding the underlying sensory basis. Herein, we demonstrate that chemosensory input from mouthparts mediates sexual discrimination in male Galerucella grisescens (Chrysomelidae). Observations of mating behaviour, bioassays for CW, and chemical analyses revealed that G. grisescens possess qualitatively sexually dimorphic CW, and such compositional differences allow males to distinguish between sexes. Using electron microscopy, blocking male chemosensory organs, and electrophysiological experiments, we showed that male mouthparts bear chemosensory sensilla tuned to female CW components, and sensory input from them induces male aedeagal insertion, a common male behavioural response to females. Thus, detecting CW via mouthparts is essential for males to distinguish between sexes, consistent with the fact that males inspect conspecific individuals by licking their body surfaces. To our best knowledge, this is the first report describing the detailed functional roles of mouthparts in sexual discrimination in Coleoptera. We believe that this study will promote further studies on insect chemical communication.
Cortical time-course of evidence accumulation during semantic processing
Authors: Ghazaryan Gayane , van Vliet Marijn , Lammi Lotta , Lindh-Knuutila Tiina , Kivisaari Sasa , Hultén Annika , Salmelin Riitta
Published: December 2023

Our understanding of the surrounding world and communication with other people are tied to mental representations of concepts. In order for the brain to recognize an object, it must determine which concept to access based on information available from sensory inputs. In this study, we combine magnetoencephalography and machine learning to investigate how concepts are represented and accessed in the brain over time. Using brain responses from a silent picture naming task, we track the dynamics of visual and semantic information processing, and show that the brain gradually accumulates information on different levels before eventually reaching a plateau. The timing of this plateau point varies across individuals and feature models, indicating notable temporal variation in visual object recognition and semantic processing.
Formation energy prediction of crystalline compounds using deep convolutional network learning on voxel image representation
Authors: Davariashtiyani Ali , Kadkhodaei Sara
Published: December 2023

Emerging machine-learned models have enabled efficient and accurate prediction of compound formation energy, with the most prevalent models relying on graph structures for representing crystalline materials. Here, we introduce an alternative approach based on sparse voxel images of crystals. By developing a sophisticated network architecture, we showcase the ability to learn the underlying features of structural and chemical arrangements in inorganic compounds from visual image representations, subsequently correlating these features with the compounds’ formation energy. Our model achieves accurate formation energy prediction by utilizing skip connections in a deep convolutional network and incorporating augmentation of rotated crystal samples during training, performing on par with state-of-the-art methods. By adopting visual images as an alternative representation for crystal compounds and harnessing the capabilities of deep convolutional networks, this study extends the frontier of machine learning for accelerated materials discovery and optimization. In a comprehensive evaluation, we analyse the predicted convex hulls for 3115 binary systems and introduce error metrics beyond formation energy error. This evaluation offers valuable insights into the impact of formation energy error on the performance of the predicted convex hulls.
Double axial stabilization of a carbenium ion via convergent PO → C+ tetrel bonding
Authors: Litle Elishua D. , Gabbaï François P.
Published: December 2023

Investigation of a triarylcarbenium cation flanked by two phosphine oxide units shows that convergent PO → C+ tetrel bonding stabilizes the carbocation by ∼seven pKR+ units while also enhancing the reversibility of its first and second reduction.
Second-order nonlinear optical properties of X-shaped pyrazine derivatives
Authors: Postils Verònica , Burešová Zuzana , Casanova David , Champagne Benoît , Bureš Filip , Rodriguez Vincent , Castet Frédéric
Published: December 2023

Molecular symmetry controlling NLO-response directionality.
Cobalt nanoparticle-catalysed N-alkylation of amides with alcohols
Authors: Ma Rui , Gao Jie , Zhang Lan , Wang Ning , Hu Yue , Bartling Stephan , Lund Henrik , Wohlrab Sebastian , Jagadeesh Rajenahally V. , Beller Matthias
Published: December 2023

A protocol for efficient N-alkylation of benzamides with alcohols in the presence of cobalt-nanocatalysts is described.
Hollow metal–organic framework-based, stimulator of interferon genes pathway-activating nanovaccines for tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Zhao Yilei , Song Ruinan , Zhang Zhen , Hu Houyang , Ning Wenli , Duan Xiuying , Jiao Jianwei , Fu Xiao , Zhang Guiqiang
Published: December 2023

Stimulator of interferon genes pathway-activating nanovaccines were constructed by a synergistic approach of etching and surface functionalization, which could trigger a robust immune response to inhibit tumor growth.
Prussian blue@Au nanoparticles/SiO2 cavity/ITO electrodes: application as a hydrogen peroxide sensor
Authors: Li Na , Zhou Hongying , Liu Yinghong , Yu Xianjiu , Cao Lei , Xu Youjie , Xi Luxin , Zhao Gui , Ban Xinxin
Published: December 2023

A highly sensitive enzyme-free hydrogen peroxide sensor based on PB@Au NPs/SiO2 spherical cavity array electrode is constructed, which is investigated in the reduction of H2O2.
A difluoroboron compound with latent fingerprint detection and inkless writing based on aggregation-induced emission enhancement and mechanofluorochromic behavior
Authors: Yang Shufang , Tian Jiazhuang , Zhang Bangcui , Yang Yanhua , Li Xiangguang , Gao Shulin , Shao Lin , Li Fumin
Published: December 2023

A pyridine-based difluoroboron compound with the TPA group displayed excellent AIEE activity and MFC behavior, which was applied for latent fingerprint detection and inkless writing.
Near-room temperature ferromagnetism and a tunable anomalous Hall effect in atomically thin Fe4CoGeTe2
Authors: Yan Shaohua , He Hui-Hui , Fu Yang , Zhao Ning-Ning , Tian Shangjie , Yin Qiangwei , Meng Fanyu , Cao Xinyu , Wang Le , Chen Shanshan , Son Ki-Hoon , Choi Jun Woo , Ryu Hyejin , Wang Shouguo , Lei Hechang , Liu Kai , Zhang Xiao
Published: December 2023

A Tc of around 284 K has been realized in a 2 nm Fe4CoGeTe2 sample. Meanwhile, Fe4CoGeTe2 exhibits a temperature- and thickness-tunable intrinsic anomalous Hall effect, possibly due to the changes of Berry curvature near the Fermi energy level.
Transparent anti-fingerprint glass surfaces: comprehensive insights into theory, design, and prospects
Authors: Wang Wei , Deng Weilin , Gu Wancheng , Yu Xinquan , Zhang Youfa
Published: December 2023

Pioneering anti-fingerprint surfaces that integrate the merits of both amphiphobic and oleophilic surfaces, accompanied by an in-depth examination of the operational mechanisms, will be instrumental in advancing anti-fingerprint surface innovations.
Design and multilevel regulation of transition metal phosphides for efficient and industrial water electrolysis
Authors: Liu Zi-Zhang , Yu Ning , Fan Ruo-Yao , Dong Bin , Yan Zi-Feng
Published: December 2023

The hydrogen evolution regulation strategies of high performance and stable TMP are systematically reviewed. The advanced design of hydrogen production control strategy for TMP is guided according to the application requirements of electrolyzer.
Photothermally driven decoupling of gas evolution at the solid–liquid interface for boosted photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Zhao Shidong , Zhang Chunyang , Wang Shujian , Lu Kejian , Wang Biao , Huang Jie , Peng Hao , Li Naixu , Liu Maochang
Published: December 2023

Schematic diagram of a gas–solid biphase system for photocatalytic water splitting.
Retraction: Noncovalently bound excited-state dimers: a perspective on current time-dependent density functional theory approaches applied to aromatic excimer models
Authors: Hancock Amy C. , Goerigk Lars
Published: December 2023

Retraction of ‘Noncovalently bound excited-state dimers: a perspective on current time-dependent density functional theory approaches applied to aromatic excimer models’ by Amy C. Hancock et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 13014–13034, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ra01703b.
Hydrogen spillover enhances alkaline hydrogen electrocatalysis on interface-rich metallic Pt-supported MoO3
Authors: Samanta Rajib , Manna Biplab Kumar , Trivedi Ravi , Chakraborty Brahmananda , Barman Sudip
Published: December 2023

Hydrogen-spillover based Pt/MoO3-CNx composite was prepared for HER/HOR with very high mass activity and durability in base medium.
Thia[n]helicenes with long persistent phosphorescence
Authors: Sun Zhen , Xu Wan , Qiu Shuai , Ma Zhiying , Li Chunli , Zhang Sheng , Wang Hua
Published: December 2023

Helicenes with persistent phosphorescence (τp > 600 ms) and strong circular polarization phosphorescence (|glum| ∼ 0.015) were synthesized through the fusion of ortho-fused benzene rings and thieno[2,3-b:3′,2′-d]thiophene (DTT).
Design for six sigma-based energy management for a plug-in fuel cell electric bus considering the noise disturbance
Authors: Hou Daizheng , Li Ruijie , Wang Qiang
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes an energy management strategy for plug-in fuel cell electric buses (PFCEBs) using a discontinuous control method based on Pontryagin's minimum principle (D-PMP) algorithm.
New approaches to three-dimensional positive electrodes enabling scalable high areal capacity
Authors: Zhao Zhiyong , Zhang Xiaowei , Wang Peng , Pateli Ioanna Maria , Gao Hongyi , Wang Ge , Irvine John T. S.
Published: December 2023

A novel in situ powder infiltration method was used to fabricate 3D positive electrodes with scalable high areal capacity, highlighting the high mass loading of active materials and interfaces of binder-free 3D electrodes.
Asynchronies in Auditory and Language Development Obscure Connections to Phonological Deficits in Children
Authors: Nittrouer Susan , Lowenstein Joanna H.
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

For half a century, psycholinguists have been exploring the idea that developmental language disorders may have their roots in suprathreshold auditory dysfunctions, but results are inconclusive. Typical studies focus on relationships between temporal processing abilities and measures of various language skills at the time of testing, a proximal account. This study expanded that focus by testing three novel hypotheses: (a) Spectral processing impairments may be more responsible for language-learning deficits than temporal processing impairments. (b) Phonological sensitivity is likely the specific language skill most strongly affected by auditory (dys)functions. (c) Poor auditory functioning observed at young ages may wholly or partly recover, reducing the magnitude of relationship between those recovered functions and persistent language skills at older ages.

Method:

Sixty-six children (31 boys, 35 girls) 7–10 years of age participated: 36 with typical language and 30 with reading or speech disorder; from this sample two subsamples were designated: younger (7–8 years) and older (9–10 years) children. Four auditory measures were obtained of spectral modulation detection (0.5 and 2.0 cycles per octave) and temporal modulation detection (16 and 64 Hz). Four language measures were obtained, two lexicosyntactic and two phonological.

Results:

Younger children showed deficits in all auditory skills, but most strongly for spectral modulation detection at 0.5 cycles per octave; that measure was the only one for which older children showed deficits. Spectral modulation detection was the auditory function most strongly correlated with a language skill, and that language skill was phonological sensitivity.

Conclusions:

Early impairments in suprathreshold auditory functions, especially spectral processing, interfere with language acquisition at early stages, especially phonological sensitivity. Although auditory functions can recover to some extent, impairments in language skills persist, indicating that a distal account may more appropriately explain the relationship.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24730128
A cooperative control method combining signal control and speed control for transit with connected vehicle environment
Authors: Teng Kunmin , Liu Haiqing , Liu Qiang , Lu Xiao
Published: December 2023

Transit operation efficiency and service quality can be enhanced through the implementation of signal and speed control. Previous studies prefer to change driving speed in priority to alleviate the adverse effects of signal timing adjustment on social vehicles. The driving safety and fuel consumption of transit are ignored. To this end, a cooperative control method consisting of three models is proposed. The cooperative control strategy model provides optimal schemes for allocating transit priority time. Based on this, the adjustment of phase time and the transit speed trajectory with the lower fuel consumption are calculated by signal control model and speed control model, respectively. Especially, the signal control model is established in the background of green wave coordinated control to further protect the travelling benefits of social vehicles. The simulation is performed in SUMO to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the cooperative control method improves the crossing efficiency and enhances the fuel economy of transit under different arrival speeds and lengths of control area. Compared with the general signal control, the proposed method can minimize traffic interference, which is particularly obvious in a higher degree of saturation.
MTHI‐former: Multilevel attention for two‐handed reconstruction from RGB image
Authors: Jiao Zixun , Wang Xihan , Li Jingcao , Gao Quanli
Published: December 2023

Hand reconstruction is the foundation of virtual reality and human–computer interaction, but currently it still faces challenges such as blurred interaction edge and inter‐hand occlusion. To solve these challenges, in this letter, the authors propose a framework called Multilevel Two Hand Interactive Former (MTHI‐Former) which considers the vertices of a hand model as graph structures and learn the connectivity relationships information between vertices. In this framework, the authors introduce two novel modules. The first is the Multi‐branch Image Feature Extraction Module , which is utilized to obtain accurate hand features. The second is the Multilevel Two Hand Interaction Module , which is utilized to fuse interactive hand information to enhance the attention features of interactive edges, and fuse vertex relationships to determine the occlusion relationship between interactive hands. The authors compare their method with recent methods on the InterHand 2.6M dataset, and the experimental results show that their method outperforms other representative methods, achieving a result of 13.15 mm and an improvement in performance of about 18%.
Development of an augmented reality guidance system for head and neck cancer resection
Authors: Tong Guansen , Xu Jiayi , Pfister Michael , Atoum Jumanh , Prasad Kavita , Miller Alexis , Topf Michael , Wu Jie Ying
Published: December 2023

The use of head‐mounted augmented reality (AR) for surgeries has grown rapidly in recent years. AR aids in intraoperative surgical navigation through overlaying three‐dimensional (3D) holographic reconstructions of medical data. However, performing AR surgeries on complex areas such as the head and neck region poses challenges in terms of accuracy and speed. This study explores the feasibility of an AR guidance system for resections of positive tumour margins in a cadaveric specimen. The authors present an intraoperative solution that enables surgeons to upload and visualize holographic reconstructions of resected cadaver tissues. The solution involves using a 3D scanner to capture detailed scans of the resected tissue, which are subsequently uploaded into our software. The software converts the scans of resected tissues into specimen holograms that are viewable through a head‐mounted AR display. By re‐aligning these holograms with cadavers with gestures or voice commands, surgeons can navigate the head and neck tumour site. This workflow can run concurrently with frozen section analysis. On average, the authors achieve an uploading time of 2.98 min, visualization time of 1.05 min, and re‐alignment time of 4.39 min, compared to the 20 to 30 min typical for frozen section analysis. The authors achieve a mean re‐alignment error of 3.1 mm. The authors’ software provides a foundation for new research and product development for using AR to navigate complex 3D anatomy in surgery.
Energy‐efficiency optimization and control for electric vehicle platooning with regenerating braking
Authors: Li Zhicheng , Wang Yang
Published: December 2023

It is a critical problem to improve energy efficiency for electric vehicle platooning systems. Moreover, different from internal combustion engine vehicles, the electric engine has higher efficiency, and further regenerating braking is widely used to recycle part of the energy in the electric vehicle when it is braking. What is more, if vehicles take a formation to drive, they can save more energy. Combining all the favorable factors, this paper presents a two‐layer energy‐efficiency optimization strategy for electric vehicle platooning. The upper layer presents an optimization method to find the optimal velocities and distances between vehicles under different road conditions during the cruise status of the electric vehicle platooning. Due to the nonconvex cost function and considering regenerative braking, the optimization problem is addressed by the dynamic programming method combined with the successive convex approximation method. Further, the lower layer presents a real‐time Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy, and it directly introduces the battery pack state of charge consumption as the input, which not only finishes the control mission but also consumes minimal energy. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed methods.
A novel fault section location method for single pole to ground fault of DC distribution lines
Authors: Jin Wei , Wang Zilong , Wang Hao , Feng Shiguang , Liang Rui
Published: December 2023

Direct‐current (DC) distribution lines are mostly underground cables, with the highest probability of single pole to ground fault among various faults. However, the topology of DC distribution networks is flexible and variable, and existing fault location technologies cannot achieve both high accuracy and good adaptability. A fault section location method for single pole to ground fault in DC distribution lines based on steady‐state zero‐mode current direction is proposed. First, a unified zero‐mode equivalent model for the DC distributed system in the non‐effectively grounded system is established. Then the directional difference in zero‐mode current between the fault and non‐fault sections in the zero‐mode network is fully explored when a single pole to ground fault occurs. Next, a fault section location criterion based on the direction of the steady‐state zero‐mode current is proposed to effectively identify the single‐pole grounded fault section. The feasibility of the proposed fault section location method under different fault conditions is verified based on the PSCAD/EMTDC software. In addition, the simulations show that the proposed method is suitable in the non‐effectively grounded system, and has low requirements for sampling frequency and data processing, with strong resistance to transition resistance.
A novel snow conditions‐compatible computational intelligence‐based PV power forecasting approach for microgrids in snow prone regions
Authors: Hashemi Behzad , Taheri Shamsodin , Cretu Ana‐Maria
Published: December 2023

Energy management in a renewable energy‐based microgrid has a key role in improving energy utilisation and reducing the microgrid operation cost. The optimal energy management strategy can be significantly affected by the intermittency of renewable energies and also harsh weather conditions. In this study, a novel snow conditions‐compatible computational intelligence‐based short‐term photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting (PVPF) approach is proposed that is independent of exogenous weather forecasts. The proposed approach consists of a snow cover detection stage, a snow cover forecasting stage, and a PV power forecasting stage. This approach is then validated for a model predictive control (MPC)‐based energy management system (EMS) of a PV energy‐based grid‐connected microgrid located in a snow‐prone area. The PVPF method together with a computational intelligence‐based short‐term load demand forecasting model constitutes the forecasting block of the EMS. The forecasting block generates day‐ahead hourly forecasts based on the local measurements of the meteorological‐electrical parameters and sends them to the optimisation block where a two‐stage control method, corresponding to the tertiary and secondary control levels, is developed based on mixed‐integer linear and quadratic programming. The developed EMS is applied to a test microgrid simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and compared with a heuristic control method. The results show that the proposed approach can reduce the overall operation cost of the microgrid by 8% (24$), 15% (166$), and 13% (235$) on sunny, cloudy, and snowy days under study, respectively, compared to the heuristic controller.
Influence of Environmental Conditions on Carbon and Water Exchange Processes in Aucuba japonica Thunb.
Authors: Korsakova S.P. , Kovalev M.S.
Published: December 2023

In the context of climate change and deterioration of environmental conditions in urbanized regions, the study of the ecophysiological features of woody plants in order to select them for effective landscaping is of particular relevance. In this paper, the influence of abiotic factors on the daily variability of CO2/H2O gas exchange of Aucuba japonica Thunb., 1783 during the growing season on the Southern Coast of the Crimea is investigated. A photosynthesis monitor RTM-48A and a phytomonitor PM-11z (Bio Instruments S.R.L., Moldova) were used to measure gas exchange and environmental parameters. The analysis of the seasonal dynamics of carbon dioxide gas exchange showed a high sensitivity of the processes of carbon and water exchange of A. japonica to the prevailing environmental conditions, which cause fluctuations in the value of the daily carbon dioxide absorption more than four times. The preservation of the positive carbon balance of A. japonica under hydrothermal stress indicates the significant potential of plants for optimizing the urban ecosystems of the southern regions of Russia. Based on the revealed relationships a nonlinear regression equation is constructed, which can be used to predict the assimilation activity of A. japonica under current environmental conditions and expected climate changes.
Periods of development and dynamic parameters of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) yield formation
Authors: Gataulina G.G. , Shitikova A.V. , Medvedeva N.V.
Published: December 2023

There is a problem of vegetable protein deficiency for feed, processing and nutrition in many countries: to produce or import? White lupin cultivation in Russia is important due its high potential seed and protein yield. The breeding program for creating cultivars of white lupin with a determinant type of growth and the study of the dynamic parameters of the yield formation was carried out in many years of research in the northern part of the Central-Chernozem region of Russia. Experiments were conducted at the experimental field in Tambov region. Cultivar is one of the main components of resource-saving technologies. For the first time in Russia, under these conditions, cultivars of white lupin with a determinant type of growth were created. Among them are Start, Gamma, Delta, Dega, Deter1, Timiryazevskiy with different plant architectonics.
Formation and Variability of the “Weight of Raw Cotton 1 Box” In F1 Hybrids Created on the Basis of Hybridization of American Selection Varieties
Authors: Bakirova Anastasia , Ravshanov Azam , Avtonomov Viktor
Published: December 2023

In the article in the introduction section, the problem being solved, the purpose and objectives of the research are given in detail. Then, in accordance with the requirement, the place and conditions for the experiment are given. The following are the results of hybridological and variational-statistical analyzes of studies aimed at studying the variability and inheritance of the trait “mass of raw cotton in one box” in intervarietal F1 hybrids. The above hybrids were created as a result of crossing the best varieties of American breeding, isolated from 132 previously unstudied collection varieties. As a result, a large-boxed hybrid combination F1: Hopi oraibi BI x Lambright GL-5 with a raw cotton weight of one box of 6.4 g was isolated and two hybrid combinations in which the effect of heterosis was established, which should be used in further breeding work aimed at breeding large-bodied varieties of cotton of the species G. hirsutum L.
Effect of Seed Pretreatment with Plant-Based Preparations on Cotton Growth and Development
Authors: Rashidova Dilbar , Mamedov Normukhamad , Sharipov Shukhrat , Abduazimov Botir , Zakirova Rano
Published: December 2023

Scientifically substantiated resource-saving technology of agricultural crops cultivation includes preparation of seed material, choice of elements and technique of their cultivation. Many stimulators have been tested in the republic. Among them, the most stable effect in increase of crop yields stands out Mival, Vitavaks 200FF, T-86, TJ-85, HC-2, Nitrolin, Roslin, Unum, etc. The introduction of new growth regulators requires finding the optimum doses, timing and methods of their application. And also there is a need to find new biopreparations of domestic and foreign production. In the experimental farm of CBSPARI experiments on the effect of biopreparations on field germination, dynamics of seedlings emergence, growth and development of seedlings of above-ground and below-ground parts were conducted. Seeds of cotton varieties Sultan and Andizhan-36 of 2020 crop were treated with biologically active preparations, Uglin, Gledan, Roslin, control seeds without treatment. Growth of seedlings was determined on the 4th day. Total seedling length of seeds treated with the biopreparation Gledan in the variety Sultan was 1.9 mm higher than control, and in the variety Andijan-36 by 0.7 mm. The difference in growth between the seedling aboveground and underground parts did not exceed 1 mm in favor of the aboveground part.
Plant-parasitic nematodes in soils of agricultural lands in Crimea
Authors: Volkova Marina , Volkov Yakov , Lychagina Svetlana , Tabolin Sergei
Published: December 2023

During 2017-2023, about 150 soil samples were collected from vineyards and lands planned for planting grapevines located in the Central, South-western and South-eastern areas of Crimea. As a result of this work, 29 species of plant-parasitic nematodes from 9 families were found. The study of the relative abundance of populations of plant-parasitic nematodes in the soils in abandoned fruit and grape agroecosystems and in fields with the cultivation of cereals was also carried out.
Terroir of Fetească Neagră wines from Moldova
Authors: Wang Fei , Yao Meiling , Arpentin Gheorghe
Published: December 2023

This study delves into the sensory intricacies of 20 Fetească Neagră (FN) wines originating from the 2019 and 2020 vintages. By conducting a comprehensive analysis, we explore the dynamic relationship between vintage, aroma, and taste attributes. Notably, discernible differences in aroma and taste profiles between the two years come to light. The descriptors of Forest fruit and oak aromas emerge as pivotal indicators of vintage variations, offering reliable tools for discerning aroma disparities. Significant taste differences, excluding bitter and alcohol, are evident in both vintages. Interestingly, descriptors including prune, cherry, black pepper, plant, smoke, bitter, and alcohol demonstrate consistent qualities across both years. These findings underscore their potential as stable markers in FN wines’ sensory profiles. The study sheds light on the multifaceted influences, from oak treatment to natural factors, shaping wine’s sensory characteristics. This research not only advances our understanding of sensory attributes but also aids producers in informed decision-making to achieve desired flavor profiles, preserving the distinct essence of FN wines across diverse vintages.
Biochemical analysis of grape berries of varieties of different ecological and geographical origin after low-temperature storage
Authors: Murashev S.V. , Kislin E.N. , Khokhlenko A.A. , Verzhuk V.G.
Published: December 2023

An assessment of the productive and economic properties of berries of 14 grape varieties was carried out. Grape varieties with economically useful traits that provide an increase in crop yield and productivity, as well as those with increased biological value and the ability for longer storage have been identified. The results of statistical data processing showed the absence of significant differences between the studied varieties. Correlation analysis between economically useful features of grapes was carried out. The correlation coefficient varied significantly in the range up to 0.888, which indicates a high correlation between the studied features. It has been established that varieties with larger berries are distinguished by a high content of chlorophyll a and b and a low content of carotenoids. An increase in the endogenous level of vitamin C provides an increase in the content of chlorophyll a and b. Since the photosensitive structure of chlorophyll consists of a large number of conjugated double bonds that can easily be destroyed by a free radical mechanism, an increase in the content of active antioxidant protects chlorophyll from destruction and ensures its accumulation in grapes.
Study of the features of modeling microwave vacuum evaporation
Authors: Gavrilov A.V. , Gerber Yu.B.
Published: December 2023

Evaporation is the most common concentration method. The complete reuse of latent thermal energy by means of mechanical recompression is the most technologically efficient method of operation of evaporators. This method requires much less electricity to compress the secondary steam compared to the heat of the secondary steam. In this scheme, the energy released during steam condensation can be used to heat the initial solution, which makes it possible to achieve the reuse of thermal energy at the level of 95%. Thus, during the the evaporation process implementation, when energy is supplied by electromagnetic microwave radiation, conditions are created for the initiation of vaporization in the entire liquid volume, which will avoid product overheating in the thermal boundary layer due to the absence of such. This allows to get a product of high concentration, without the taste of “cooking”, without changing color and flavor. When modeling these processes, boundary conditions of the third kind are replaced by boundary conditions of the second kind. Considering the proposed hypothesis, a process model can be considered, assuming the presence of internal energy sources evenly distributed in the product volume. This opens up the possibility of using deterministic mathematical models, provided that the corresponding initial and boundary conditions are determined. As a result of generalization of the experimental modeling results, a model in a criterion form has been obtained, which allows calculating a microwave vacuum-evaporation apparatus of periodic action for solutions containing polar molecules. The model in the range of dimensionless pressure 2 ≤ P ≤ 22, and at the level of dimensionless heat of the phase transition 1 ≤ R ≤ 4.56 provides accuracy with a maximum deviation of ± 8%.
Primary Cleaning Machine for Small and Medium-Sized Mung Bean Grains for Farms and Peasant Farms
Authors: Rasulov Azamat , Abduraxmanov Abdukarim , Igamberdiev Dilshad , Idrisov Khusanjan
Published: December 2023

The article provides information on the current state of cultivation of mosh grain, technology and means of harvesting crops grown in Uzbekistan, the need to clean mosh grain. There is also information about the technological scheme of the primary cleaning machine, the experimental version, the results of economic tests, which divided the developed mosh grain into fractions.
An approach to the regulation of organoleptic parameters of sparkling wine by the introduction of expedition liqueur
Authors: Taranenko V.I. , Oseledtseva I.V. , Strukova V.E.
Published: December 2023

The results of investigation of the influence of expedition liqueur on the formation and regulation of organoleptic indicators of ready-made sparkling rose wine are presented. A close correlation dependence between the change in the chemical composition of ready-made sparkling wine and its main tasting characteristics after dosage has been established. Sparkling wine is a multicomponent water-alcohol system, the quality of which depends on the chemical composition, as in the process of redox reactions sensory-active compounds are formed. At the first meeting with sparkling wine, the taster builds an associative row due to color tonality. The so-called “crunching” sound, reproduced by bursting bubbles on the surface of the sparkling wine poured into the glass, anticipates the standard of the color palette in terms of chromatic indicators. In the classical method of champanisation the final stage of formation of organoleptic parameters is the addition of expedition liqueur. In scientific literature there are studies aimed at studying the influence of dosage, but there is no summary of the positive result of the catalytic action of expedition liqueur on the opening and prolongation of organoleptic indicators. Differences in the degree of influence of the modified chemical composition and the reference one on the tasting evaluation of sparkling wine have been revealed. Based on the obtained data, a statistical study has been carried out, which has a high level of significance. Expedition liqueur can be recommended for formation and regulation of organoleptic indicators of a particular sparkling wine produced by any method of champanisation.
Development of wine tourism in the city of Sevastopol
Authors: Goretskaya Alexandra , Kirillov Sergey , Slipenchuk Mikhail , Godunov Boris
Published: December 2023

One of the successful and planned directions of Sevastopol’s development is the wine tourism development based on viticulture, which is the basis for this sphere of tourism. Based on the materials collected during the survey of the district, as well as literary, fund, and Internet sources, the peculiarities of viticulture and winemaking in Sevastopol were analyzed. Having considered the main physical and geographical components of the term terroir (climatic, soil, hydrochemical, geological features) on the example of the Zolotaya Balka vineyards, the distinctive features of a particular terroir were highlighted: strongly limestone soils, orographic isolation of vineyards by mountains, a special climatic situation isolated by the influence of an amazing windrose, the combination of steppe and sea winds equally. The article substantiates the creation of a new wine tourism route “Zolotaya Balka – Uppa Winery”.
The Influence Of Maritime Education Through Project Based Learning-A Review
Authors: Fitriani Rita , Dwi Febriyani Siska , Pratama Gery , Andika Kurnia , Aprilla Rabena , Nurfajrina Risma , Stivani Suherman Dea , Fitra Ritonga Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Indonesia is a maritime country that aspires to become the world’s maritime axis, therefore it requires responsive human resources in managing maritime resources. Maritime education is important in order to achieve these goals. Maritime education is a planning effort in shaping the character and maritime spirit of Indonesia’s young generation. Through project-based learning in its integration in the context of maritime education, it can have a positive influence such as increasing science process skills, increasing learning activities and proficiency, improving the quality of collaboration skills and can improve the learning experience. The purpose of this research is to evaluate how the project-based learning paradigm affects the development of maritime education. This research usesLiterature Studymethod in collecting relevant data for this research. The result of this literature review is how the influence of maritime education through project-based learning among students. Thus, it is expected that students are able to provide positive results through project-based learning on maritime education.
The role of mother tongue in enhancing maritime environment education awareness in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Eko , Ajhi Putra , Oktavia Nurafni , Richardson Billyon , Subroto Gatot
Published: December 2023

In this research, the term “maritime” describes issues related to the relationships and activities between humans and the sea. A country with a major maritime region, like Indonesia, can also be referred to as maritime. This serves as an idea of a starting point for a nation seeking for ways to improve its marine education. However, students find it difficult to understand the material due to the use of foreign language that they don’t understand. In order to increase student knowledge and interest, the researcher offers the use of mother tongue. For this study, researcher conduct qualitative research. 25 students from University Maritim Raja Ali Haji (UMRAH) participate in responding the questionnaire. The data indicates that people strongly agree using their mother language is a good way to raise awareness in the maritime environment. Because, it can facilitate their understanding of the subject during the learning process. Besides, students’ motivation in studying maritime education is also greatly influenced by their mother tongue. When teachers utilize their mother tongue fluently and avoid complicating things, students have an easier time processing the material and their enthusiasm in studying about maritime will also rise.