bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Administrasi Peserta Didik
Authors: ramadhani irma aulia , Afriansyah Hade
Published: March 2020

Abstrak—The purpose of student administration is to organize the activities of student from starting to enter school. This article is structured with systemtic methods and steps to facilite research. In this article, the researcher uses the literature study method by collecting literature (materials) sourced from books, journals and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. In the administration of students there is a procces until students graduate from schoool or out of school transfer or other causes. In the administration of students there is a procces carried out by the administrator, namely the activity of the beginning of the school year, during the school year and the end of the school year. However, administration of students is a n activity of recording studens from the admissions procces until students graduate from school or out of school transfer or other causes.
Konsep Dasar , Proses dan Ruang Lingkup Administrasi Pendidikan
Authors: Nadira Rahmi Suci
Published: March 2020

This article contains the understanding, process and scope of educational administration
Administrasi Sarana Dan Prasarana
Authors: Mayresta Rani
Published: March 2020

Administration of educational facilities and infrastructure are all components directly or indirectly related to supporting the process of education in achieving the plans of the educational objectives themselves. By knowing what facilities and infrastructure are, the administration of facilities and infrastructure, the administration process of facilities and infrastructure, and the role of teachers in the administration of facilities and infrastructure, it is hoped that students (prospective teachers / educators) can understand and apply them in the world of education. the writing method used in this article is SLR. Thus the administration of educational facilities and infrastructure are all components that directly or indirectly support the course of the educational process to achieve plans and goals in education itself.
Strategi Dalam Pengujian Hipotesis Rata-rata Dua Variabel
Authors: Pratikno Ahmad Sudi
Published: March 2020

Many ways to examine the research data into a good results, so can be read and understood easily by the reader of scholarly publishing. However, several problems were found by the reseaercher in examining and testing the research, such difficulty in mathematics, manual procedure and technique, also differentiation between qualitative research and quantitative research in educational concern. In this article, the writer shows the traditional (manual) technique to examine hypothesis on the average of two variables. The manual technique use the calculator and a set of writing materials while the mechanical technique useSPSS 18.00 to examine the hypothesis of two variables. The results show that there is no differentiation between counting with traditional (manual) technique and mechanical technique. Sugesstion can be imformed that the researchcer should be capable of examining with manual technique before use the mechanical technique (using application)
Pengertian Dan Proses Administrasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Natasya Nadia
Published: March 2020

Student administration is a process carried out by a group of people in an organization as for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the organization. Educational administration is a way or step in learning activities related to education for the purpose of organizing and regulating education in schools in order to achieve an appropriate activity with the curriculum, it is important to do the administration
Konsep Administrasi Pendidikan
Authors: sarinami putri
Published: March 2020

Administration is a job that is done by an administrator. The purpose of education administration in general is that all activities support the achievement of educational goals or in other words the administration used in the world of education is strived to achieve simple goals. Educational administration is the act of coordinating human behavior in education to manage the available resources as well as possible.
The Influence Of Communication And Work Environment To Employee Performance At the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Solok Regency
Authors: Fitra Aldi , Abaharis Henryanto
Published: March 2020

Attention to human resources in a company or organization is very important to obtain employee performance as expected by the company. Employee performance is influenced by many factors including organizational communication, and work environment. This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational communication and work environment on employee performance at the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) Solok District. Organizational communication is the breath of an organization's sustainability. An organization will not work without communication. The work environment is something that is around the workers and that affects itself in carrying out the tasks charged. The population of this study is all employees of the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) in Solok District this sampling technique using simple random sampling technique, with a sample of 26 people. Data collection is done by kusioner method. The data obtained were analyzed multiple regression to test the effect of organizational communication and work environment on employee performance. The result showed Y= 17,722 + 0,168 X1 + 0,385 X2 Then it can be said there is significant influence between organizational communication variable and work environment with employee performance. From the results of significant significant research 0.000 < 0.1% which affects the dependent variable.
Tetap Berpengharapan : Broken Home
Authors: Srijayanti Inggrit
Published: March 2020

Bagi seorang anak orang tua adalah orang yang dapat diandalakan dalam setiap keadaan yang sulit, mereka adalah orang yang akan memberikan arahan dan bimbingan dalam kehidupan mereka. Orang tua juga merupaka figur yang sangat diidolakan dan dibanggakan bagi seorang anak. Pelukan serta senyum orang tua menjadi tempat yang hangat dan kekuatan bagi seorang anak, namun hal ini sangat berbeda bagi anak broken home mereka tidak mendapatkan kebahagiaan keluarga yang sesungguhnya. Mereka tidak menemukan kebahagiaan dalam keluarga mellainkan mereka menerima kesedihan, melihat pertengkaran bahkan menyaksikan perpisahan kedua orang yang mereka kagumi dan banggakan. Hal ini memberikan dampak negatif bagi kehidupan anak. Mereka sedih, takut, cemas, trauma, depresi, putus asa bahkan merasa ttidak memiliki harapan. oleh karena itu artikel ini bertujuan agar anak yang terlahir atau bertumbuh dalam keluarga broken home dapat memiliki semangat hidup dan keluar dari keterpurukannya. Dan dengan menyerahkan segala pergumulan kehidupan kita kepada Tuhan, maka kita tidak akan merasa seorang diri, kita menemukan kekuatan yang baru serta melihat masa depan dan harapan kita bahwa kita dapat melalui badai kehidupan ini.
Administrasi PTK
Authors: sarinami putri
Published: March 2020

Administration can be interpreted as an activity or business to help, serve, direct or manage all activities in achieving a goal. Meanwhile, educators are professionals who are involved in the process of learning and teaching, evaluating learning outcomes, conducting coaching and training, and conducting research and community service. And education administration that supports administration, management, development, supervision, and technical services to support the education process in the education unit. The purpose of the education of educators and education personnel who support the education system is to provide eligibility for educators in carrying out their duties both as educators and nursing staff in schools. So, the education of educators and labor are interrelated so that educational goals can be achieved.
REVIEW JURNAL
Authors: KOTA KEFIN SEM
Published: March 2020

Prajurit Allah identik dengan perlengkapan senjata, dalam suratnya senjata Allah sendiri merupakan satu gambanran yang dipakai oleh rasul Paulus kepada jemaat di efesus
Determining stresses in massive structures originating from their own weight: The effect of the construction sequence
Authors: Rashba Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

The article considers the stress profile that develops in a massive structure due to its own weight, with the account taken of the sequence of the construction. It is demonstrated that the conventional approach that disregards the construction sequence can in general lead to significant errors.
STATUS PENCEMARAN PERAIRAN TELUK MUTIARA
Authors: Plaimo Paulus Edison
Published: March 2020

Aktivitas diperairan teluk mutiara kabupaten alor, mengalami peningkatan, keadaan ini berdampak pada tingkat pencemaran yang terjadi di perairan teluk mutiara, sejak urbanisasi masyarakat ke pusat perkotaan dengan berbagai kebutuhan meninggalkan sampah. baik itu sampah rumah tangga maupun industri-industri kecil. berbagai biota nativ yang menjadi pangan masyarakat lokal juga mengalamai kontaminasi. informasi tertulis melalui buku referensi ini diharapkan menjadi peringatan bagi masyarakat sekitar yang mendiami daerah pesisir teluk mutiara untuk lebih hidup ramah terhadap lingkungan dengan tidak membuang sampah ke laut.
Hardwired… to self-destruct? Using technology to improve behavior change science
Authors: Crutzen Rik
Published: March 2020

Hardwired… to self-destruct? Using technology to improve behavior change science
Punitive but discerning: Reputation can fuel ambiguously-deserved punishment, but does not erode sensitivity to nuance
Authors: Jordan Jillian , Kteily Nour
Published: March 2020

The desire to appear virtuous can motivate people to punish wrongdoers, a desirable outcome when punishment is clearly deserved. Yet claims that “virtue signaling” is fueling a culture of outrage suggest that reputation concerns may inspire even potentially unmerited punishment. Moreover, might reputation do more to drive punishment in ambiguous situations, where punishment is less clearly deserved, eroding punishers’ sensitivity to moral nuance? Across eight studies focused on the U.S. political context (total n = 15,472 Americans from MTurk and Prolific), we show that reputation can drive ambiguously-deserved punishment. In situations involving politicized moral transgressions, including those where the case for punishing the transgressor is judged to be relatively ambiguous, subjects expect punishers to be perceived positively by co-partisans, and punish at higher rates when punishing is observable to a co-partisan audience. Moreover, reputation can drive punishment in ambiguous situations even among individuals who personally question the morality of punishment, highlighting the power of reputation to push people away from their values. Yet we find no evidence that reputation erodes sensitivity to nuance by doing more to drive punishment in more ambiguous situations. Instead, subjects expect punishment to look better when more unambiguously deserved, and making punishment observable does as much or more to drive punishment in unambiguous than ambiguous situations—even when the co-partisan audience is strongly ideological (and so might have been expected to encourage undiscerning punishment). We thus suggest that reputation can make people more punitive, even in ambiguous situations, but does not diminish sensitivity to nuance.
Approaching the Development of Hurt Feelings
Authors: Hardecker David Johannes Kaspar , Haun Daniel
Published: March 2020

When do hurt feelings develop in childhood? In this paper, we want to set the stage for empirical investigations that can answer this neglected question.
The rise of social casino games: Changes in the size and composition of the Android social casino market from 2012-2020, availability to children, and predictions for future growth
Authors: Zendle David
Published: March 2020

Social casino games are video games that consist of simulations of gambling products and activities. Players of social casino games may pay money to gamble. However, they are unable to ‘cash out’ their winnings, allowing these games to be commonly regulated as video games rather than gambling products.There is concern that exposure to social casino games may lead to problem gambling. However, key questions regarding the past and future growth in prevalence of social casino games remain unanswered. Furthermore, it is unclear how much innovation in terms of products on the market have occurred in recent years, and how available these products are to children. The practical importance of the relationship between social casino play and gambling is therefore unclear.In order to address this, we analysed the monthly estimated installs of all social casino games (n=2344) on Android phones from March 2012 to February 2020. Results suggested that social casino games increased in prevalence from 33.30 million estimated installs in 2012 to 1.39 billion in 2020, projected to increase to 1.73 - 2.03 billion by February 2022. This expansion appears linked to a related expansion of mobile phone gaming. Indeed, analysis of the entire Android gaming market (n=75168) indicated that the prevalence of social casino games relative to the overall market diminished during the period under test from 2.54% of all game installs to 1.56%, and projected that this metric is unlikely to rise importantly in future.Analysis suggests a high level of churn and innovation in the social casino game market, with new products continually emerging and old ones being constantly retired: For example, of the 1166 social casino games available in February 2020, only 47 were on the market in 2012. Finally, an analysis of the age ratings of social casino games currently available to download on Android reveals a market overwhelmingly available to children: Of the 1132 games whose ratings were extracted, 1107 (97.7%) bore an age rating of 12+ or younger.When taken together, these results suggest that social casino games constitute a dynamic genre of gambling-like products that are experiencing continual and important growth, are forecasted to continue growing, and are highly available to children.
Black-White Disparities in Pediatric Asthma in Metropolitan Areas, 2015: Assessing the Roles of Residential Inequality and Segregation
Authors: Friedman Samantha , Rosenbaum Emily , Tsao Hui-shien , Yucel Recai , He Dan
Published: March 2020

Little research has explored how black-white residential inequality and residential segregation are associated and moderate black-white disparities in pediatric asthma. This paper contributes to this limited literature by using data for children in the 2015 American Housing Survey Metropolitan samples. Controlling for black-white inequalities in residential characteristics, segregation, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics, we find that the black-white disparity in pediatric asthma remains and slightly widens. We also find that the level of segregation, as measured by the index of dissimilarity and black isolation, moderates the association between children’s race and asthma. In areas with lower levels of dissimilarity and black isolation, whites’ predicted probabilities of asthma are greater than those of black children. However, when the index of dissimilarity is at least 60% and the black isolation is at least 50%, the racial disparity reverses, and black children’s predicted probabilities of asthma are significantly higher than those of whites.
Trade Competition and Migration: Evidence from the Quartz Crisis
Authors: Twinam Tate
Published: March 2020

Foreign competition and technological change can both present threats to domestic industries, potentially resulting in out-migration from cities and regions where these industries are spatially agglomerated. In this paper, I study the migration effects of one such trade shock: The quartz crisis, which devastated the globally dominant Swiss watch industry in the 1970s. Using a differences-in-differences strategy, I show that this trade shock led to a rapid loss of population in affected areas, and a long-run change in growth patterns. This contrasts with many other studies of large trade shocks, which find little migration response. I highlight three key factors that distinguish this shock from others and may explain the divergence: 1.) the crisis negatively impacted a key export industry while generating no offsetting gains, 2.) the affected labor markets were highly non-diversified, and 3.) the affected workers were highly mobile.
Essay on "What is it like to be a bat"
Authors: Trestioreanu Lucian
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses how we could attribute different degrees of responsibility, freedom, penalty to an AI of the future with enhanced capabilities - up to having a conscience. One major obstacle would be how to correctly evaluate such an Ai: its abilities, competences, and possibilities, in such a way that we obtain a correct result, which would further enable us to decide on, and apply, the right policies. In this context, Thomas Nagel’s work, “What is it like to be a bat”, is considered, and I explore if, at least to the extent of most practical needs of the society related to the topic, it might or not be necessary to really be able to "experience from inside" in order to decide upon and attribute certain degrees of freedom, responsibility, etc to such an AI.
Pitch temperatures in traditional farmhouse brewing
Authors: Garshol Lars Marius
Published: March 2020

Historically, farmhouse brewers brewed beer from their own grain all over northern Europe, using yeast they maintained in the local community. A large proportion of them, perhaps around 60%, fermented at temperatures close to body temperature, according to a survey of 287 independent accounts of farmhouse brewing practices in 10 different countries. Recent genetic studies indicate that this was possible because the yeasts used in farmhouse brewing, although domesticated, were different from those used in modern brewing. Since wild yeast appears to have high temperature tolerance and modern commercial brewing arose out of earlier farmhouse brewing practices, it seems that the lack of high temperature tolerance in modern brewer’s yeast may be due to a loss of function as the yeast adapted to commercial brewing practices.
Understanding Barriers and Knowledge Related to Hepatitis B for Vietnamese Nail Salon Workers in the United States
Authors: Freeland Catherine , Huynh Tran , Vu Nga , Nguyen Tracy , Cohen Chari
Published: March 2020

In the United States (U.S.), up to 2.2 million individuals have been chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Many nail salon workers are at risk for HBV as they are coming from high-risk and traditionally underserved communities. To understand barriers and knowledge associated with HBV in the Vietnamese nail salon community, the Health Belief Model (HBM) was used to qualitatively assess the health needs for the prevention of HBV among Vietnamese nail salon workers through focus groups and interviews. Results revealed several themes that highlight barriers within the Vietnamese nail community. Major themes were the lack of knowledge related to hepatitis B, including significant misconceptions related to symptoms, and how hepatitis B is transmitted and prevented. There were also several barriers to health care access within the Vietnamese nail community including the cost of health care, long work hours, lack of insurance and lack of understanding of current community resources. Additionally, discrimination and stigma related to those infected with hepatitis B emerged as a theme from this data. Those interviewed also noted that the nail training and licensing they received did not highlight hepatitis B and other infectious diseases that can be spread within the nail salon.
Functional Diversity Of Interseeded Cover Crops And Their Effect On Carabid Activity-Density In Semi-Arid Climates
Authors: Capitan Sara
Published: March 2020

Interseeding cover crops into standing annual crops can promote environmental benefits within agroecosystems. However, seeding method and cover crop diversity may influence biomass production and activity-density of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Carabids abundant in agroecosystems and their granivorous behavior can impact weeds and potentially crops. In a two-year study, six annual cover crop species– planted as either single species or mixtures– were interseeded into standing corn. The seed predation rate of Harpalus, a granivorous carabid, was estimated in a no-choice experiment using weed and crop seed species. Higher crop diversity did not correlate with biomass yield, but cover crop species did. Carabid activity-density was significantly higher later in the season, but was not influenced by diversity or species. Harpalus consumed crop seeds, but preferred weed seed. With further experimentation and analysis, these results can inform farmers in choosing the most effective seeding method and seed type for interseeded cover crop establishment.
Lo risible de Bergson: resistencia de la aplicación de los mecanismos de lo cómico
Authors: Pérez Armijos Jorge Luis
Published: March 2020

[Spanish] En el presente ensayo se cuestionará la vigencia de las premisas sobre lo cómico propuestas por Henri Bergson en «Le rire. Essai sur la signification du comique», separando los mecanismos a través de los que se articula lo risible de su base teórica. Tras una lectura crítica de «Le rire» enfrentará los mecanismos de lo cómico a pasajes de «El Mercader de Venecia», «Julio César» «Hamlet», y «La duodécima noche» de William Shakespeare, en aras de esforzar el funcionamiento de los mecanismos bergsonianos con sus distintas aplicaciones para comprobar si pueden explicar cómo se articula lo risible en estas obras. Luego, enfrentaremos «Le rire» con la interpretación crítica de D.H. Monro en «Argument of laughter». Finalmente, haremos una reflexión sobre los límites de los mecanismos de Bergson, buscando establecer qué utilidad puede tener un vocabulario común desde el cual adentrarse a la interpretación de las partes cómicas de una obra, o como el eje desde donde se puedan generar nuevos acercamientos al texto. [English] This thesis departs from the ideas Henri Bergson put forward in "Le rire". Studying the applications of Bergsonian mechanisms of laughter as tools to further the understanding of a literary work, some comedies and tragedies of Shakespeare will be analyzed with Bergsonian tools in order to test the limits of how useful they are in creating a cohesive language by which that that is laughable may be described.
Changing forest coverage and understanding of deforestation in Nepal Himalayas
Authors: Chapagain Prem Sagar , Aase Tor H.
Published: March 2020

The environmental situation of the Hiamlayas is a matter of global concern. Understanding on Himalayas environment is usually shaped by the changing views expressed by research institutions, doner organizations, and finally by politics and power relations. In line with changing paradigms in knowledge-producing institutions, different understandings of environmental challenges in the Himalayas have emerged. Based on the literature and available data, we have tried to discern changes in forest policies, their implication on forest management and various understandings of deforestation in Nepal Himalayas that are salient in the scientific literature. The debate of deforestation/degradation on the state of Himalayan environment came on the global agenda in the 1950s. The initial focus was on population growth and pressure on natural resources. It was followed by attention to processes of development and physical interventions in a fragile environment. Most recently local participation and poverty alleviation have been high on the agenda. In this context, the present paper attempts to examine the debates in the light of recent events and circumstances related to environmental processes in general and forest management of Nepal in particular.
Selecting tree species for climate change integrated forest restoration and management in the Chitwan Annapurna Landscape, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Gokarna Jung , Wikramanayake Eric
Published: March 2020

Climate change will affect forest vegetation communities, and field surveys have already indicated measurable distribution range shifts in some tree species. As forests play an important role in stabilizing steep slopes and provide vital ecological goods and services, the Government of Nepal has been encouraging forest restoration and sustainable management. However, reforestation and afforestation programs should consider the long term survivorship of the trees selected for reforestation to build climate adaptation and resilience. Thus, the choice of species should include species that would be expected to grow within the elevation zone or in the particular habitat under future climate change scenarios. In this analysis, we have assessed the response of 12 important tree species to climate change using the IPCC A2A GHG scenario with GCM-based climate envelopes to provide guidelines and recommendations for climate change-integrated forest restoration and management in the Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape (CHAL). The results indicate that several species could exhibit range shifts due to climate change, with an overall trend for species in the lower elevations to move northwards or further up the slopes within the current area of distributions. Analyses such as this, though not perfect, can help to make critical and informed decisions to support long-term forest restoration programs.
Evolution of cartographic aggression by India: A study of Limpiadhura to Lipulek
Authors: Bhusal Jagat K
Published: March 2020

Nepal is a sovereign country since its history and has never been colonized. In course of time, once a greater Nepal shrunk to present territory after its defeat in the Anglo-Nepal War (1814–15) and since the signing of the border treaty (Between the East India Company and the Raja of Nepal) which is known as the Sugauli Treaty of 1816. The defeat fixed the river Kali as the border in the west and the Mechi in the east on the hilly regions whereas there are border pillars (Jange Pillars) on the southern plains. The territorial issue between Nepal and India on the north-west border, especially up to the source of the Kali river is reviewed in this paper. Interpretations of the relevant documents and correspondences, reviewed papers, articles in periodicals and newspapers, and historical maps are critically made with reference to the recent freely available google maps and political maps published by Nepal and India. British-India after the Sugauli treaty and also India after the independence realized the importance of the Gunji-Kuti area, Lipulek pass and Kalapani and made the unilateral cartographic manipulation on the North-west border of Nepal. It is found that the borderline swinging over the century clearly indicated that the encroachment of about 400 sq. km land of Nepal contravened the spirit of the Sugauli Treaty.
Geo-hydrological hazards induced by Gorkha Earthquake 2015: A Case of Pharak area, Everest Region, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Buddhi Raj , Khanal Narendra Raj , Smadja Joëlle , Fort Monique
Published: March 2020

Nepal experienced disastrous earthquake events in 2015. The first one (magnitude of 7.8) with epicenter in Barpak, Gorkha district, occurred on 25th April 2015, followed by another event (7.3 magnitude) on 12thMay 2015, with epicenter in 19 km south east of Kodari, Sindhupalchok district. Those earthquake events induced different types of geo-hazard and they are widely distributed and caused serious damages and losses. This paper discusses the types of geo-hazards induced by these Gorkha and Sindhupalchok earthquake events and the losses and damages from those events; and the future risk from those geo-hazards in Pharak area covering 305 km2 in Solukhumbu district, Nepal. Satellite images of before and after the events were used to map landslide, debris flow, landslide dam and other geomorphic changes after earthquake. Information on the losses, damages and future risk were collected through focus group discussion, key informants’ interview, observation, and measurement. A total of 79 landslides, 13 rock falls, 5 debris flow and one site of river damming were identified and mapped. The losses and damages included private and public buildings, cultivated land, crops and other infrastructure such as trails, canals for hydropower plant. The losses and damages associated with landslide and debris flow induced by earthquake is comparatively higher than the losses and damages from other geomorphic hazards such as rock fall and landslide dam and landslide dam outburst flood. The risk from those geo-hazards induced by earthquake is also high. Community mobilization with activities of regular monitoring of those hazards, skill development for rescue operation, design and implementation of mitigation measures are some of the efforts necessary for better management of disaster risk.
Basin characteristics, river morphology, and process in the Chure-Terai landscape
Authors: Ghimire Moti Lal
Published: March 2020

The study aims to illustrate the basin characteristics, river morphology and river processes in the Chure- terai Landscape. The basin and morphological variables used in the study were derived from the satellite imageries available on Google earth, digital elevation models, and relevant maps. The cross-section survey and hydrometric data, incorporated in the study were obtained from the secondary sources, reports, and documents. The Bakraha River basin is underlain by the rocks of the Siwalik group in the south. The rocks are highly deformed and fractured and have the steep and variable slope and are subject to strong seismic shaking. The network of drainage is dense, with the predominance of colluvial streams that receive sediments from slope failure and erosion. The steep profile of the river demonstrates the ability to transport a huge sediment load during a high flood. The climatic regime and daily annual extreme rainfall between 100-300mm can initiate shallow landslides to large and deep-seated landslides. Landslides very large, small to shallow types are quite numerous, which indicates terrain highly susceptible to slope failure and erosion. The forest cover is above 84% but largely has been degraded and interspersed by agricultural patches and settlements with population dependent on agriculture and livestock. The lower catchment has dominant agricultural land use. The role of riparian vegetation for bank protection and flood control is limited. In the hilly areas, the river reaches are mainly sinuous to straight controlled by bedrock and in Terai, the reaches are straight, wandering to meandering towards the south. River slope is very steep, up to 15.2% in hills and mild in the meandering reaches in Terai decreasing to 0.1%. In the straight reaches, sediments are mainly boulders, gravels, bedrocks and sands in the hill, while in meandering reaches in Terai, sediments are sand and silt. The discharge varies 200-734 cusec from upstream (close to outlet) to downstream, (16.5 km away). The estimated sediment load transport during extreme flood events highly varies. Potential sediment load decreases from straight to meandering reaches, with some fluctuations in certain locations, owing to change in local morphological conditions. Bank erosion, bend scour, confluence scour, and protrusion scours, and avulsions are the river processes, which provide a source of sediments to the river. Change in planform and cross-section view of the river morphology indicate the river is unstable and dynamic due to the frequent shifts between accretion to erosion processes.
Pathways and magnitude of change and their drivers of public open space in Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Ramjee Prasad , Khanal Narendra Raj
Published: March 2020

Public open space (POS), which is known as production space, is an integral part of an urban area. The pathways of change of POS are directly related to the urbanization process. Several factors play a vital role in creating an open space to satisfy peoples' physical and mental desires. This paper discusses the pathways and magnitude of change of POS and its drivers. This study is based on a detailed study of 32 sampled sites out of a total of 275 sites identified in Pokhara metropolitan city, and interviews with key informants in the concerned sites. The results show that there is no uniform trend in the change of open space. The area has remained constant in some sites whereas it has been decreased in some sites and also increased in some sites. Out of the total, 56.25 percent of patches remained constant in terms of area whereas 40.13 percent patches are decreased and increased in only 3.12 percent patches during the period between 1998 to 2018. There has been a net decrease of 24.652 hectors in the area in total. The increase of 3.12 percent attributed mainly to land pooling from individual ownership whereas the decrease is mainly due to the encroachment by individual people as well as for the construction of public infrastructure especially for expansion of the roads. The changes observed are not only limited to the change in the area but also the layout and the using pattern. Both the natural and the socio-economic factors including government policy are found responsible for such change. On the one hand, natural processes like sedimentation, landslides, floods, vegetation regeneration, cutting edge and on the other hand, government policies for the development of infrastructure facilities, rapid increase in urban area and consequent increase in land value, lack of awareness to the importance of open space among local people including local government are responsible for such change.
Dimensions of land use change and implications in spatial planning of emerging town Bedkot municipality, Kanchanpur district, Nepal
Authors: Dahal Kedar , Timalsina Krishna Prasad
Published: March 2020

Rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Nepal has brought significant changes in land use and urban expansion patterns mostly through the conversion of agriculture land into the built up area. The issue is studied taking a case of rapidly growing Tarai town of Bedkot Municipality of Kanchanpur District. This study is based on field interaction, observation, and available data review. After the declaration of Bedkot as a municipality, several new roads have been opened and upgraded; and the municipality is well connected to the national transportation network. After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal, 2015 and activated the elected local body, the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment on socio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which have attracted people, goods and services creating it as the zone of influence of the surroundings. Rapid spatial changes have been observed with inflow of population in the municipality. One of the changes found is the increasing built-up area by 3.6 percent and expansion of urban area through decreasing the agriculture land by 3.5 percent. Urban growth has been observed taking place along the highway corridor clustering at nodal junctions and some other potential locations. Implications of such spatial dimensions have been core issue of urban development planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal.
Major hazards and disaster response capacity of Dadeldhura district
Authors: Pariyar Raj Kumar , Neupane Basanta Kumar
Published: March 2020

This study endeavours to explore the major hazards and the response capacity to disaster of Dadeldhura district. It used checklist to collect information on hazard ranking and capacity assessment. Similarly, key informant interview conducted with the key portfolios and members of district disaster management committee and Nepal Red Cross Society. Likewise, one focus group discussion was conducted with the purpose to draw insights of major disaster and capacity. Moreover, a district disaster preparedness plan was reviewed to understand the context of hazard and response. The major hazards of Dadeldhura district are landslide, flood, hailstone, fire, endemic, drought, thunderbolt and earthquake. Among all hazards landslide is in the first and flood is in the second rank based on damage and loss of physical property and livelihood. According to the district disaster preparedness and response plan, 2075, nine clusters have formed and updated emergency response plan for effective action in Dadeldhura. Among the nine clusters, this study only includes the search and rescue cluster to assess disaster response capacity. It has been found that out of nine clusters, search and rescue cluster seems progressive. However, the number of search and rescue trained people need to be increased. Likewise, the facility of ambulance and fire brigades need to extend in each rural municipality. Existing ambulance also need to be repaired and maintained regularly. The existing capacity is not enough to disaster response so, new efforts need to have been updated by DPRP with new activities to enhance the capacity.
„Nationalsozialismus digital – Die Verantwortung von Bibliotheken, Archiven und Museen sowie Forschungseinrichtungen und Medien im Umgang mit der NS-Zeit im Netz“ (Wien, 27.-29. November 2019)
Authors: Kern-Flora Barbara , Düren Justus
Published: March 2020

Der richtige Umgang mit nationalsozialistischen Quellen sowie Fragen, die sich aus deren Digitalisierung und Bereitstellung im Internet ergeben, waren Thema der Enquete „Nationalsozialismus digital: Die Verantwortung von Bibliotheken, Archiven und Museen sowie Forschungseinrichtungen und Medien im Umgang mit der NS-Zeit im Netz“, die von 27. bis 29. November 2019 an der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek stattgefunden hat.
Ausgewählte Erkenntnisse aus der Enquete „Nationalsozialismus digital“ (Wien, 27.–29. November 2019)
Authors: Stumpf Markus
Published: March 2020

In dem Beitrag werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse der Enquete „Nationalsozialismus digital“ präsentiert.
Pediatric Sinonasal Rhabdomyosarcoma: Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Role
Authors: Momen Ali Al , Alshakhs Abdullah , Almuneef Ahoud , Momen Ali Al , Alzubaidi Aziza A , Alfalah Mohammed A. , Alshammari Saad M. , Alotaibi Saad S
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. It represents 5-8% of pediatric tumors. Head and neck is considered the most common site of RMS origin (40%). Parameningeal, orbital and non parameningeal RMS approximately represent 50%, 25% and 25% respectively. Histopathological evaluation demonstrates small round cells with high cytological variability which stain positive with desmin, myogenin and MyoD1. The mainstay treatment of RMS depends on chemotherapy and radiation therapy with a limited role of surgery.
Method: A retrospective chart review for pediatric sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed and managed at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, and a literature review of pediatric sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma was conducted.
Results: A total of four cases were identified for the period (2011-2017), and a thorough review of their medical records and radiological imaging were done.
Conclusion: Pediatric sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma may initially present with symptoms mimicking rhinosinusitis. Biopsy and histological evaluation are the most essential steps to exclude malignancy. Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Studies (IRS) established a staging system based on tumor extension and resectability. The role of surgery in RMS may be limited for obtaining biopsies for diagnosis and for palliative purposes. Popular antineoplastic agents used to treat RMS include vincristine, cyclophosphamide, actinomycin D, and adriamycin. Chemotherapy with alkylating agents has achieved a relapsed free survival 90% for nonparameningeal tumors and 65% for parameningeal tumors.
Enhancing Students' English Speaking Skills through Web-Based Teaching
Authors: Suryana Irfan , Hidantikarnillah Vicky , Ikmi Nur Oktavianti
Published: March 2020

Teachers play a very important role in the teaching and learning process. They should utilize effective strategies that are included in classroom management. In this digital era, the teachers should adjust their methods in delivering or explaining the materials for the students. One of the technology is the web. The aim of this study is to investigate the teacher’s perceptions of using the web to enhance students’ English speaking skills. This study was under phenomenological qualitative research and characterized by an interdisciplinary approach, especially education and technology.  The direct personal interview was utilized to obtain the information from the teacher. The survey encompasses twelve questions that become different categories and was done in eight grades of class B in SMP Negeri 3 Pleret. The results showed that teaching speaking using the web can effectively enhance the students’ English speaking skills and the students give positive reactions regarding this method.
Teachers' Strategies in Managing the Class
Authors: Asrianto Asrianto , Rohmayadevi Laksmita , Umi Rokhayati
Published: March 2020

Nowadays the classroom management is very important for the teacher. In Indonesia, the class had several categories. Namely, international class and regular class. The teacher need to be aware of this phenomenon. They should established some strategies in order to manage their class. The population in Indonesian school nowadays was various. There are small and large classes. On this research, the researchers would like to know what kind of strategies that the teacher used in managing the large class. On this research, the researcher used Qualitative approach in the form of Descriptive qualitative design. The result found that there are many strategies that the teacher can use in managing the large class.
The Strategies of Novice Teachers’ in the Large Class Management
Authors: Anindya Anisha Ayu , Ajeng Putri Nur Anisa  , Akmal
Published: March 2020

novice teachers, strategies, large class.This research reports which aimed to analyze strategies of novice teachers used in the large classroom management. This work is a comprehensive case study covering all teachers who play an important role in their classroom management. The case study on this research focused on Junior High School novice teachers in Yogyakarta. The researcher choose this school because it has large class that can support the researcher in collecting the data. The subject of this research consists of five novice teachers. The data was gathered through observation and interview. This study indicated the perspectives of the novice teachers in large classroom.The result showed that the teachers mostly divide or organize the students by grouping them, monitoring them to check students’ work and to keep the class calm, give them positive punishment to students who misbehave, and using some teaching method to make students active during the teaching and learning process.
Classroom Management Strategies in English Language Teaching: A Perspective of English Teacher
Authors: Diniatulhaq Rifdah , Annafi Ananda Oktaria  , Azwar Abbas
Published: March 2020

The essence of classroom management is the creation of more conducive student learning conditions. The conducive learning conditions are the most important prerequisite for the smooth implementation of student learning activities, so that the smooth learning process influences the learning outcomes more optimally. Good class management is one that can serve and help students' needs in learning. Therefore, the characteristics and needs of students are the first things that need to be known and taken into account by the teacher as well as possible. To collect the data, the researchers used semi-structure interview and the obtained data were analyzed with descriptive-qualitative method.The result showed that there are three dominant aspects of classroom management system, namely; curriculum and instructional management’s (i.e. curriculum planning, making the lesson plan, scheduling, method implementation learning and assessment), management behavior (i.e. teacher sets and enforces the rules and the procedure, teacher starts the lesson, teacher builds relationships with students, teachers apply discipline and consequences and teacher is involved in the process learning), and management of the environment (i.e. class settings namely structuring furniture and determining the number of students).
The Characteristics of Effective Professional Development That Affect Teacher’s Self-Efficacy and Teaching Practice
Authors: Bachtiar Bachtiar
Published: March 2020

Many research suggests that effective professional development (PD) can help teachers increase their knowledge, skills and understanding about teaching. Research evidence also indicates that good quality PD enhances teacher sense of efficacy. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of good quality PD that affect teachers’ self-efficacy from the perspective of junior secondary English Language teachers in Indonesia. Data derived from the initial and follow-up questionnaires, TSG observations, and semi-structured interviews. The findings found that English language teachers perceived good quality PD are those activities that increase teachers’ knowledge and teaching skills, encourages collaboration, and is based on teachers’ classroom practical needs. The study suggests the need to involve teachers in the process of planning, designing, and implementing PD in order to maximize its benefits.
An Analysis of Grammatical Error of English Students in Writing Skill
Authors: Nanning Nanning , Saepuddin  , Munawir
Published: March 2020

This research was to find out the kinds of grammatical errors made by the students in writing undergraduate theses and to find out the most common error made by the students.

The research problem is What were the kinds of grammatical error made by the students in writing undergraduate thesis? And What was the most common grammatical error made by the students in writing undergraduate thesis?

The population of this research was the English students’ undergraduate theses. This research used cluster random sampling technique. The researchers chose 20 backgrounds of undergraduate theses as the sample.

The result of this research found eight kinds of grammatical error made by the students namely Article, Verb Tense, Subject-Verb Agreement, Singular/Plural, Word Class, Sentence Structure, Spelling, and Punctuation. The most common grammatical error made by the students in writing undergraduate theses is error in Verb Tense with 86 errors (27.65%). The next is Word Class with 55 errors (17.68%), Sentence Structure with 42 errors (13.50%), Article with 37 grammatical errors (11.89%), Punctuation with 28 errors (9%), Singular/Plural with 24 errors (7.71%), Spelling with 21 errors (6.75%), and Subject-Verb Agreement with 18 errors (5.78%).