bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME IN KNOWLEDGE REGARDING POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS) AMONG 1ST YEAR BSCNURSING STUDENT OF SMT. NAGARATHNAMMA COLLEGE OF NURSING, BENGALURU
Authors:   Asst. Professor (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing) Smt.Nagarathnamma College of Nursing., a Nagammal , Nanjappan Devi ,   Princial Smt.Nagarathnamma College of Nursing.
Published: February 2024

BackgroundStudy: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome or disease (PCOS/PCOD), originally described in 1935by Stein and Leventhal, is a complex, heterogeneous disorder of uncertain etiology, with alarge degree can be classified as a genetic disease. It is thought to be the most frequentendocrineproblem of women in reproductiveage. In India nearly 40% of the women are affected by polycystic ovarian syndrome or disease(PCOD). But among then only 60% come to hospital for treatment, when they recognize thattheyhavegot infertility. This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program onknowledgeregardingpolycysticovariansyndromeamong1styearBscnursingstudentsatSmt.Nagarthnammacollege of nursing, Bengaluru. TheobjectivesofAstudytoevaluatetheeffectivenessofstructuredteachingprogramon knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among 1st year Bsc nursingstudentof Smt. Nagarathanammacollegeand schoolof nursing, Bengaluru. 1. Toassesstheexistingknowledgeregardingpolycysticovariansyndromeamongthestudentsof1st yearBScnursing students ofSmt. Nagarathanammacollegeof nursing,Bengaluru. 2. To calculate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regardingpolycystic ovarian syndrome among 1st year BSc nursing students of Smt. Nagarathanammacollegeofnursing. 3. To find an association between pre-test and post-test knowledge score regarding polycysticovarian syndrome among 1st year BSc nursing students of Smt. Nagarathanammacollege ofnursing. Result: Therewassignificantimprovementintheknowledgeofstudentsfollowingtheadministrationofstructuredteaching programonPolycysticOvarian Syndrome. Conclusion: The present study attempted to assess knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome.The study findings showed that the post test score was higher than the pre-test score and wasconcludedthatstructureteachingprogramonpolycystic ovariansyndrome waseffective.
AN OVERVIEW OF SEVEN MEDICINAL PLANTS OFSAPINDACEAE FAMILY IN BANGLADESH WITH THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL, TOXICITY, PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIESAND MEDICINAL EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University of Bangladesh, 51 Siddheswari Rd, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh., Hossain Shahadat
Published: February 2024

Medicinal plants can be a good alternative for many disease and conditions. They are low cost, and tend to have fewer side effects. Among all plant parts used for the treatment of diseases and leaves are the most active part used in recipes formulations, which showed quite effective results. They can still have unwanted health effects, especially when used in combination with other drugs. Sapindaceae is a noteworthy medicinal plant family which is also known as soapberry family. It contains 145 genera and 1,925 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, and lychee. The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. A large number of them are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in the foliage or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer. This study looked atseven medicinal plantswhich are exhibited different therapeutic activities. These seven medicinal plants are taken namely- Nephelium lappaceum, Allophus serratus, Cardiospermum halicacabum, Diomocarpus longan, Schleichera oleosa,Litchi chinensis and Harpullia arborea. These plants reported the presence of phytochemical constituents and also characterized by antimalarial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimigrane, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-cancer, antiolytic, analgesic, anti-trichomonas, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, insecticidal, molluscicidal, piscicidal and spermacidal properties.These Plants have sedative, diuretic, tonic, antispasmodic and antiseptic properties.These medicinal plants could beuseful components of a development strategy which enhances sustainable rural livelihoods, protect habitats and biodiversity throughout the world.
COMPARISON EFECTIVENESS OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE VERSUS DEXMEDETOMIDINE WITH KETAMINE FOR TYMPANOPLASTY SURGERY DONE UNDER MONITOREDANAESTHESIA CARE
Authors: Soni Aishwarya , Patidar Priya , Maheshwari Rathi Meghna , a Rakesh , Kumar Soni Harsh , Bamoriya Chetan
Published: February 2024

Background: Monitored Anaesthesia Care (MAC) has been widely used for patients undergoing middle ear surgeries. The use of dexmedetomidine in middle ear surgeries as a sole anaesthetic agent had many disadvantages owing to its insufficient sedative effect, increased recovery time and haemodynamic instability. Aims and objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and ketamine combination in comparison with dexmedetomidine alone for tympanoplasty surgery under MAC. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional observational study, a total of 100 patients were included. Before the surgery, group D received 1 Î¼g/kg dexmedetomidine followed by infusion of 0.2Î¼g/kg/h to maintain 2 or 3 of modified observers assessment of analgesia and sedation score. The patients in group DK received 1 Î¼g/kg dexmedetomidine followed by infusion of 0.2Î¼g/kg/h plus ketamine 0.5mg/kg 10 minutes before the start of the procedure. Results: In the present study total of 100 patients were included, among which 66.0% were females and 34.0% were males. The mean age of 100 patients was 38.3Â±11.34 years. There were no differences in baseline measurements of HR, SBP and DBP between the two groups, but Group DK had significant fall in heart rate (5-10%) (P < 0.001). Average patients and surgeons satisfaction with sedation and analgesia was higher in Group DK than Group D (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine and ketamine combination provides good haemodynamic stability, higher sedation score with safe and effective method of anaesthesia that provides good MAC for patients undergoing tympanoplasty surgery.
A STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM NECROTIZING SOFT TISSUE INFECTION
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Vallah, Sri Amritsar., Kaur Ripudamanjit , Gupta H.P. ,   Professor and Head, Department of General Surgery, PMCH, Udaipur, Rajasthan.
Published: February 2024

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but dangerous soft tissue necrosis that frequently affects fascia and subcutaneous tissues and has a high hospital mortality rate. The term necrotizing soft tissue infections refers to a wide variety of bacterial and fungal skin conditions. The location, depth, and extent of the infection are all considered when describing the condition examples are necrotizing fasciitis and Fourniers gangrene, which are both deep subcutaneous infections. Necrotizing soft tissue infections can result in substantial local tissue loss, tissue necrosis, systemic toxicity, and even mortality, depending on the degree of invasion. Despite improvements in surgery and the development of antibiotics, necrotizing soft tissue infections are known to have fatality rates that range from 6 percent to up to 76 percent. The goals of the current study are to: Understand the clinical characteristics of patients who present with NSTI early diagnosis by imaging study the microbial flora, antibiotic therapy and observe the clinical effects of the debridement.
CRITICAL REVIEW OF KAALBHOJAN IN AYURVEDA
Authors:   Ph.D. scholar Department of Swasthavritta and Yoga U.A.U Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., Sharma Priyanka , Kumar Avadhesh ,   Professor and head, Dept. Of Swasthavritta and Yoga U.A.U. Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., Rani Aggarwal Ruby ,   Professor and head, Department of Vikriti Vigyan U.A.U Rishikul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., Kumar Tripati Sanjay ,   Professor, Department of Kaya Chikitsa U.A.U. Rishikul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.
Published: February 2024

Ayurveda advocates three sub pillars (Ahara, Nidra and Brahmacharya) which are essential for total wellbeing. Ahara is not only needed for the continuity of life, but for Bala, Varna, Upacaya etc. also. The proper diet if taken in proper manner will lead to better health. On the contrary if not taken in proper manner can lead to disease state. Ahara may be wholesome as well as unwholesome. The wholesomeness depends upon the quantity,quality, time, methods of preparation, habitat, and constitution of the body, disease and the age of an individual. There is a proper time to do everything and for aahar in ayurveda its term is kaal bhojanam. Kaal bhojanam given utmost importance for aarogya i.e. it is foremost factor deciding the status of health. It is strongly advised that a person should never consume aahar out of greed or when he is unaware of what, when and how to eats. Kaalbhojan help in digestion of food, maintaining condition of agni. kala-bhojana is best preventive and clinically applicable way of dealing mandaagni. This article explores the concept of Kalabhojan as explained by Ayurveda and its health benefits.
IMPACT OF ECC ON THE ORAL HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES
Authors: Sharma Ishani , Sujlana Amrita , Kour Sukhleen , Sharma Sukesh
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is the presence of one or more decayed, missing or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age or younger. Quality of life is peoples perception of their position in life, in context to the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. Presence of dental caries in preschool children affects their quality of life and also, has negative impact on the parents quality of life. Aim: Aim of the study was to assess the impact of ECC on the oral health related quality of life of urban preschool children aged 24-71 months. Methodology: The present study was carried out to determine the impact of various oral conditions on the oral health-related quality of life of 24-71 months old urban preschool children. Result: Presence of ECC was found to significantly affect (p=0.003) the oral health related quality of life of preschool children and their families.
Effect of electrolytic zero-valent iron activated sodium hypochlorite on sludge dewatering performance
Authors: Guo Shaodong , Wu Yuhang , Wang Zhangyu , Yin Xi
Published: February 2024

Using electrolytic zero-valent iron-activated sodium hypochlorite (EZVI-NaClO) to pretreat sludge, the capillary suction time (CST) was utilized to evaluate sludge dewaterability. Ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), dissolved phosphorus, and total phosphorus in the supernatant were used to analyze sludge disintegration. This approach aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the pretreatment process and its impact on the sludge composition. The migration and transformation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), including dissolved EPS (S-EPS), loosely boundEPS, and tightly bound-EPS (TB-EPS), were analyzed by detecting protein and polysaccharide concentrations and three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy (3D-EEM). The sludge particle properties, including sludge viscosity and particle size, were also analyzed. The results suggested that the optimal pH value, NaClO dosage, current, and reaction time were 2, 100 mg/gDS (dry sludge), 0.2A, and 30 min, respectively, with a CST reduction of 43%. Protein and polysaccharide contents in TB-EPS were significantly reduced in the EZVI-NaClO group. Conversely, protein and polysaccharides contents in S-EPS increased, suggesting that EZVI-NaClO treatment could disrupt the EPS. Besides, the viscosity of the treated sludge decreased from 195.4 to 54.9 mPa·S, indicating that sludge fluidity became better. ZEVI-NaClO could enhance sludge dewaterability by destructing protein and polysaccharide structure and improving sludge hydrophobicity.
TRANSIÇÃO INCOMPLETA, ENCLAVES AUTORITÁRIOS
Authors: Depieri de Albuquerque Reginato Andréa , Da Silva Santos Paloma
Published: February 2024

A partir da formatação constitucional dada às forças armadas no Brasil, o texto explicita enclaves autoritários remanescentes do processo brasileiro de transição para a democracia, em especial no se refere às relações civis militares.
The Role of Herbal Medicine in Modulating Bone Homeostasis
Authors: Cheng Xinnan , Jin Shanshan , Feng Mingzhe , Miao Yunfeng , Dong Qi , He Baorong
Published: February 2024

Osteoporosis and other bone diseases are a major public health concern worldwide. Current
pharmaceutical treatments for bone disorders have limitations, driving interest in complementary
herbal medicines that can help maintain bone health. This review summarizes the scientific
evidence for medicinal herbs that modulate bone cell activity and improve bone mass, quality and
strength. Herbs with osteogenic, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-osteoclastic effects are discussed, including
compounds and mechanisms of action. Additionally, this review examines the challenges
and future directions for translational research on herbal medicines for osteoporosis and bone
health. While preliminary research indicates beneficial bone bioactivities for various herbs, rigorous
clinical trials are still needed to verify therapeutic efficacy and safety. Further studies should
also elucidate synergistic combinations, bioavailability of active phytochemicals, and precision approaches
to match optimal herbs with specific etiologies of bone disease. Advancing evidence-
based herbal medicines may provide novel alternatives for promoting bone homeostasis and
treating skeletal disorders.
Computational Model for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in 2-D Color
Fundus Retina Scan
Authors: Aggarwal Akshit , Jain Shruti , Jindal Himanshu
Published: February 2024

Background::

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a growing problem in Asian countries. DR accounts for 5% to 7% of all blindness in the entire area. In India, the
record of DR-affected patients will reach around 79.4 million by 2030.

Aims::

The main objective of the investigation is to utilize 2-D colored fundus retina scans to determine if an individual possesses DR or not. In this
regard, Engineering-based techniques such as deep learning and neural networks play a methodical role in fighting against this fatal disease.

Methods::

In this research work, a Computational Model for detecting DR using Convolutional Neural Network (DRCNN) is proposed. This method contrasts
the fundus retina scans of the DR-afflicted eye with the usual human eyes. Using CNN and layers like Conv2D, Pooling, Dense, Flatten, and
Dropout, the model aids in comprehending the scan's curve and color-based features. For training and error reduction, the Visual Geometry Group
(VGG-16) model and Adaptive Moment Estimation Optimizer are utilized.

Results::

The variations in a dataset like 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% images are reserved for the training phase, and the rest images are reserved for the
testing phase. In the proposed model, the VGG-16 model comprises 138M parameters. The accuracy is achieved maximum rate of 90% when the
training dataset is reserved at 80%. The model was validated using other datasets.

Conclusion::

The suggested contribution to research determines conclusively whether the provided OCT scan utilizes an effective method for detecting DRaffected
individuals within just a few moments.
The Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound-guided Attenuation Parameter (UGAP) in
metabolic fatty liver disease
Authors: Wu Hailan , Zeng Yinyan , Chen Fangqun , Peng Juan , Chen Li
Published: February 2024

Objectives::

To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) in metabolic fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and to explore the
correlation between the attenuation coefficient (AC) value of UGAP and commonly used clinical obesity indicators.

Methods::

A total of 121 subjects who had physical examinations from November 2021 to March 2022 were prospectively selected; the height, weight, and
waist circumference (WC) of all subjects were collected, and conventional ultrasound and UGAP examinations for all subjects

Results::

Under the standard of conventional ultrasound, among the 121 subjects, 53 had normal liver, 42 had mild fatty liver, 21 had moderate fatty liver,
and 5 had severe fatty liver. The mean AC value of 121 patients was 0.66 0.13 dB/cm/MHz. The best cut-off values for diagnosing mild,
moderate, and severe fatty liver were 0.65dB/cm/MHz, 0.72dB/cm/MHz, and 0.83dB/cm/MHz, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC)
values were 0.891, 0.929, and 0.914, respectively. When grouped by WC, there was a statistically significant difference in AC value between the
normal group and the obese group (t=-4.675, P<0.001). Overall WC and within group WC were moderately correlated with the AC value of UGAP
(P<0.001).

Conclusions::

UGAP has a good diagnostic value in the quantitative evaluation of liver steatosis in MAFLD, and the change of WC can reflect the occurrence of
liver steatosis to a certain extent.
Evaluación de parámetros de calidad de naranja (Citrus × sinensis) en tres estados de madurez
Authors: Villares Joselyn , Cobos Mariela , Vásquez Lesly , Sarmiento Rocio , Maita Fanny , Freire Cindy , Alexis Lascano , Alvarado Jermis
Published: February 2024

En la Amazonía ecuatoriana los frutales son parte de la biodiversidad de la chakra y los cítricos es uno de los grupos relevantes dado que tienen un sin número de usos y cuyos excedentes son usados para la comercia-lización en las ferias locales, por lo que está investigación busca evaluar naranjas en tres estados de madurez mediante análisis físicos para la determinación del tiempo de cosecha. Se evaluaron los parámetros de calidad de la naranja (Citrus × síntesis), en tres estados de madurez (inicial-medio-completo), se determinó: peso, morfometría, color, firmeza y sólidos solubles. Las frutas se obtuvieron en el cantón Joya de los Sachas, se recolectaron frutas libres de defectos considerables. Como resultado se obtuvo que la naranja pierde peso a medida que transcurren los días. El diámetro se reduce desde el día 1 al 10 y a partir del día 7 la pérdida de longitud es igual en los tres estados de madurez. La luminosidad es el valor del color que sufre mayores cambios a lo largo del almacenamiento de la fruta. La firmeza disminuye más a partir del día 7. A medida que el estado de madurez avanza mayor será la cantidad de sólidos solubles. El estado de madurez perfecto es el medio, ya que ofrece un equilibrio entre alto contenido de azúcar y un peso y tamaño adecuados, beneficiando tanto al agricultor como al cliente debido a su dulzura.

Palabras clave: cítricos, Amazonía, Ecuador, calidad, frutas, postcosecha
Predictive Model in Production through Progressive Web Applications to Forecast Moniliasis in Cacao.
Authors: Miranda Aracely , Bonifaz Byron , Chango Wilson , Aguilar Pedro
Published: February 2024

Cocoa is considered a significant crop in Ecuador, as it represents a favorable source of income for the country's economy, thanks to the remarkable quality of the product. However, it faces a significant issue in its crops: moniliasis, a fungal disease that attacks cocoa cultivation, is present in most Latin American countries. Consequently, this leads to decreased cocoa production and a lower final product quality. The study focuses on designing a predictive production model through a progressive web application to forecast moniliasis in cocoa. The objective is to create an application that anticipates the presence of this disease, thereby contributing to the improvement of the local economy for all farmers. Various methodologies were employed, including bibliographic methods, design science research methodology, and machine learning models. The results obtained from this research indicate that the Gradient Boosting Classifier is the algorithm that best fits the provided dataset. Once this algorithm was identified, a progressive web application was developed and made available for public use by farmers. Furthermore, the efficiency of the predictive model was verified using the statistical method of central tendency, demonstrating that the predictive model is beneficial, primarily by saving farmers a significant amount of time. Anticipating the disease enables timely preventive and corrective measures, which could reduce losses in cocoa production and enhance the quality of the final product.

Keywords: cacao, moniliasis, predictive model, progressive web apps, supervised learning.
Detection of arsenic and lead ions in water through validation of the electrothermal atomic absorption method
Authors: Vargas-Tierras Tannia , Morales-León Vanessa , Andi-Barrera Sharon , Toapanta-Topón Rubén , Morales-León María , Segovia-Tello Lissette , Lara-Villegas Viviana
Published: February 2024

The validation of the electrothermal spectrometry method for Arsenic and lead determination in water samples guarantees the quality of analytical data. The study was carried out at AQLAB. A theoretical and technical investigation was applied to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the analytical method. Parameters such as INEN standards, Eurachem international standards, AQLAB internal documents and environmental standards were used to validate the process. Several readings were performed on different samples to make calibration curves for As and Pb, evaluate the method's linearity, and obtain information on the slope, intercept and determination coefficient. Statistical calculations were used to determine the limit of detection and quantification, repeatability, reproducibility, trueness and uncertainty. The results show that the hypotheses were fulfilled, calibration curves with determination coefficient higher than 0.995, repeatability standard deviation lower than 16%, calculated F < critical F (4.96), calculated t student < theoretical (2.23), trueness was between 100.29-110.18 and 99.64-107.92%, uncertainty was 20% range 0.005 to 0.10 mg/L and 15% range 0.01-0.20mg/L, limit of detection was 0.001 and 0.005 mg/L and limit of quantification was 0.01 and 0.02mg/L, respectively. Therefore, the validation method was robust and accurate.

Keywords: water samples, analytical data, reliable results, Arsenic, Lead, validation.
Investigating Health and Well-Being Challenges Faced by an Aging Workforce in the Construction and Nursing Industries: Computational Linguistic Analysis of Twitter Data
Authors: Li Weicong , Tang Liyaning Maggie , Montayre Jed , Harris Celia B , West Sancia , Antoniou Mark
Published: February 2024

Background

Construction and nursing are critical industries. Although both careers involve physically and mentally demanding work, the risks to workers during the COVID-19 pandemic are not well understood. Nurses (both younger and older) are more likely to experience the ill effects of burnout and stress than construction workers, likely due to accelerated work demands and increased pressure on nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we analyzed a large social media data set using advanced natural language processing techniques to explore indicators of the mental status of workers across both industries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

This social media analysis aims to fill a knowledge gap by comparing the tweets of younger and older construction workers and nurses to obtain insights into any potential risks to their mental health due to work health and safety issues.

Methods

We analyzed 1,505,638 tweets published on Twitter (subsequently rebranded as X) by younger and older (aged <45 vs >45 years) construction workers and nurses. The study period spanned 54 months, from January 2018 to June 2022, which equates to approximately 27 months before and 27 months after the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The tweets were analyzed using big data analytics and computational linguistic analyses.

Results

Text analyses revealed that nurses made greater use of hashtags and keywords (both monograms and bigrams) associated with burnout, health issues, and mental health compared to construction workers. The COVID-19 pandemic had a pronounced effect on nurses’ tweets, and this was especially noticeable in younger nurses. Tweets about health and well-being contained more first-person singular pronouns and affect words, and health-related tweets contained more affect words. Sentiment analyses revealed that, overall, nurses had a higher proportion of positive sentiment in their tweets than construction workers. However, this changed markedly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since early 2020, sentiment switched, and negative sentiment dominated the tweets of nurses. No such crossover was observed in the tweets of construction workers.

Conclusions

The social media analysis revealed that younger nurses had language use patterns consistent with someone experiencing the ill effects of burnout and stress. Older construction workers had more negative sentiments than younger workers, who were more focused on communicating about social and recreational activities rather than work matters. More broadly, these findings demonstrate the utility of large data sets enabled by social media to understand the well-being of target populations, especially during times of rapid societal change.
Proposing a Principle-Based Approach for Teaching AI Ethics in Medical Education (Preprint)
Authors: Weidener Lukas , Fischer Michael
Published: February 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, potentially leading to substantial advancements such as improved diagnostics, has been of increasing scientific and societal interest in recent years. However, the use of AI raises new ethical challenges, such as an increased risk of bias and potential discrimination against patients, as well as misdiagnoses potentially leading to over- or underdiagnosis with substantial consequences for patients. Recognizing these challenges, current research underscores the importance of integrating AI ethics into medical education. This viewpoint paper aims to introduce a comprehensive set of ethical principles for teaching AI ethics in medical education. This dynamic and principle-based approach is designed to be adaptive and comprehensive, addressing not only the current but also emerging ethical challenges associated with the use of AI in medicine. This study conducts a theoretical analysis of the current academic discourse on AI ethics in medical education, identifying potential gaps and limitations. The inherent interconnectivity and interdisciplinary nature of these anticipated challenges are illustrated through a focused discussion on “informed consent” in the context of AI in medicine and medical education. This paper proposes a principle-based approach to AI ethics education, building on the 4 principles of medical ethics—autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice—and extending them by integrating 3 public health ethics principles—efficiency, common good orientation, and proportionality. The principle-based approach to teaching AI ethics in medical education proposed in this study offers a foundational framework for addressing the anticipated ethical challenges of using AI in medicine, recommended in the current academic discourse. By incorporating the 3 principles of public health ethics, this principle-based approach ensures that medical ethics education remains relevant and responsive to the dynamic landscape of AI integration in medicine. As the advancement of AI technologies in medicine is expected to increase, medical ethics education must adapt and evolve accordingly. The proposed principle-based approach for teaching AI ethics in medical education provides an important foundation to ensure that future medical professionals are not only aware of the ethical dimensions of AI in medicine but also equipped to make informed ethical decisions in their practice. Future research is required to develop problem-based and competency-oriented learning objectives and educational content for the proposed principle-based approach to teaching AI ethics in medical education.
Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment Program for People With Schizophrenia After the First Episode of Psychosis: Protocol for an Open-Label Intervention Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fonseca Ana Olivia , Gomes July Silveira , Novaes Rafael Angulo Condoretti Barros , Dias Cíntia Lopes , Rodrigues Maria Eva de Miranda Alves , Gadelha Ary , Noto Cristiano
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Schizophrenia is a disorder associated with neurocognitive deficits that adversely affect daily functioning and impose an economic burden. Cognitive rehabilitation interventions, particularly during the early phases of illness, have been shown to improve cognition, functionality, and quality of life. The Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment (FIE) program, based on the Mediated Learning Experience and the Structural Cognitive Modifiability theory, has been applied in various disorders, but its applicability in schizophrenia has not yet been clarified.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the effects of the FIE program on the functionality of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

METHODS

In total, 17 patients will be recruited for an open-label intervention consisting of twice-weekly sessions for 10 weeks. The primary outcome measure will be changes in the Goal Achievement Scale score. Maze task performance from the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) battery will serve as a secondary outcome measure. At the same time, changes in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores and other MATRICS domains will be analyzed as exploratory outcomes. Assessments will be administered before and after the intervention, with a follow-up period of 6 months.

RESULTS

This trial was preregistered in The Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-4gzhy4s). By February 2024, 11 participants were enrolled in the training. Recruitment is expected to be completed by May 2024. Data analysis will be conducted between May and September 2024. The results are expected to be published in January 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This study may establish a protocol for the FIE program that uses mediation techniques for individuals in the early stages of schizophrenia. The results will add to the knowledge about strategies to promote cognitive skills and functional impairment in daily life.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/57031
Forecasting Agricultural Crop Profitability and Yield in India
Authors: Tripathi Astha
Published: February 2024

Abstract: "India's heavy reliance on agriculture underscores the importance of accurately estimating agricultural production, considering the interplay of organic, economic, and seasonal variables, particularly amid a growing population. Predicting crop yields is crucial for farmers' planning, covering storage and marketing strategies. However, this task is complex and requires foresight. Data mining techniques emerge as a potent tool, leveraging extensive datasets to extract invaluable insights. By employing methods like Random Forest, this research offers a swift yet comprehensive examination of crop yield forecasts for specific regions. Predictive analyses like these act as a crucial asset, enabling stakeholders to make well-informed decisions grounded in expected patterns and trends.”
Effectiveness of project-based learning in improving science literacy and collaborative skills of Muhammadiyah middle school students
Authors: Hindun Iin , Nurwidodo N. , Wahyuni Sri , Fauziah Nur
Published: February 2024

Science literacy abilities and collaborative skills are part of the life skills demands of the 21st century. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the PjBL learning model in improving the Science literacy and collaborative skills of students at Muhammadiyah 2 Middle School, Batu City and Muhammadiyah 8 Middle School, Batu City. The research design uses Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of 60 class VIII students taken by total sampling. Data was obtained through observation, questionnaires and tests. Data analysis uses covariance analysis (ANCOVA) to verify the data against the proposed hypothesis. The research results show that the average Science literacy and collaboration in PjBL learning is higher than conventional learning. The results of the analysis can be concluded that the implementation of PjBL effectively influences students' Science literacy and students' collaboration skills. Thus, the PjBL model is recommended to be implemented to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at the junior high school level as an effort to develop students' 21st century life skills.
An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Prevention II
Authors: Jankelova N. , Mironyuk I., S.
Published: February 2024

This issue of the Clinical and Social Intervention Journal is devoted to the main pillars of public health, starting with epidemiology, community medicine, through biostatistics and informatics to behavioural sciences, management and policies in public health. The contributions are compiled so as to present a holistic view of current public health problems, indicate the need for their solution in a wider interdisciplinary context, and to enable the fulfilment of the main goals in this area along with future challenges.
THE RUSSIAN WORD: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Vladimirova T. E.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to discovering the phenomenological potential of the word, which has Indo-European roots, and its consideration in the language of Russian traditional spiritual culture. The research interest to deep, essential semantics of a word-concept allows to present it as an “archetype of culture” (G. G. Shpet) and as a “live” phenomenon of the Russian spiritual tradition, restoring our cultural memory and our national self-consciousness.
EDITORIAL NOTE
Authors: Vladimirov Yu. S.
Published: February 2024

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ON THE GEOMETRIC PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN THE LIGHT OF HEIDEGGER’S ONTOLOGY
Authors: Antipenko Leonid G.
Published: February 2024

Until recently, there was one unsolved riddle regarding the logic that Lobachevsky followed when creating his non-Euclidean (hyperbolic) geometry. This article shows that such a logic is implicitly present in him, and it coincides with the logic already formed now, called complementary-dialectical logic. This logic stems from Heidegger’s fundamental ontology. In the field of the geometric discipline of thought, complementary-dialectical logic makes it possible to combine the historical and logical aspects of the genesis of Lobachevsky’s geometry. Allows us to understand how and why imaginary points appear on a hyperbolic line, how they are related to points at infinity, etc. constructing a geometric picture of the world as part of the overall scientific picture.
Red Neuronal semántica para la detección de carriles peatonales
Authors: Aldana Porras Juan Manuel , Montes Mora John Fredy
Published: February 2024

This work is part of the PG2402ECBTI2022 project approved by the Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. Its objective is to develop a spatial perception system with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to improve the orientation and mobility of visually impaired people in Ibagué. The proposed system consists of several modules, and this text focuses on the results of the image processing module oriented to the segmentation of pedestrian lanes through the use of semantic neural networks. The network proposed for this task is based on a Deeplab architecture and was trained on a dataset composed of 5443 images. The results show that the architecture obtained an accuracy level of 0.95 and that its capacity to generalize new samples is in accordance with the task required for the system in general.
Economía circular en el uso de la cáscara de huevo como bioresiduo
Authors: Polo Casiano Yosimar , Avila García Bibiana del Carmen , Reid García Yarly Cecilia , Avila Pérez Mario Luis
Published: February 2024

The municipality of Luruaco is a town known as the capital of the arepa de huevo, in its development plan strategies are proposed to safeguard the oral tradition and gastronomic culture of 200 years, because there are 2500 arepas de huevo stalls that manufacture 150 arepas daily, being activity the movement of the economy of this population. This high production of arepas associated with the deficient collection of waste and the low interest of the luruaqueros in the reuse of the product leads to an important health problem, hence, this study is based on enabling the use of the eggshell as biowaste from the design of the unitary operations of the processing of the eggshell and its respective flowchart.  as an alternative solution to the environmental problems that are suffered. It is based on the physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the eggshell, by means of analytical tests that indicate the amount of calcium carbonate, a mineral with many possibilities of use. The study is carried out with the Asociación de Productoras de Arepa de Huevo de Luruaco  – ASOPRAL managing to enhance their technical capacities in the program of management of usable solid waste, in particular the treatment of eggshells so that they can be reused and generate the possibility of income, a form of treatment for the solid waste that afflicts them in terms of contamination and in general for the food industry that is associated with this input.
Diseño y evaluación de un recubrimiento comestible funcionalizado con compuestos activos, y pectina obtenida de la cáscara de cacao, para fines tecnológicos en la industria alimentaria
Authors: Andrade Gina , Gomez Sampedro Leidy Johanna
Published: February 2024

Despite the significant advances in food preservation, the industry faces high economic losses due to decomposition and a decrease in the product's final quality, affecting its texture, taste, smell, nutritional value, and shelf-life characteristics. Using edible films and coatings is a promising alternative to ensure food quality during processing, distribution, and storage. They consist of thin films of biodegradable natural polymers (polysaccharides, proteins, lipids), thus being an environmentally friendly technology that responds to the growing demand by consumers for natural, safe, healthy foods obtained through minimal processing. With the present research project, we sought to design and evaluate an edible coating (RC), using pectin obtained from the waste generated during the harvest and postharvest of two varieties of cocoa (criollo and trinitario), added with corn starch, glycerol, as a plasticizer, and essential oil of cinnamon nano emulsified, as a bioactive ingredient that generated an antioxidant character to the film. For the assembly of the edible coating, a factorial experimental design 2 ^ 2 in triplicate was established to evaluate the effect of the pectin-starch ratio (P / A), and percentage of pectin on the functionality and strength of the film. Finally, with the results, an optimization process was carried out to determine the best conditions for the elaboration of the coating, and under these conditions, the filmogenic solution was developed. The optimized edible film was made with cocoa pectin at a concentration of (1% w / w), and corn starch (1.22% w / w), thus forming the matrix solution added with glycerol (2% w/w) and cinnamon essential oil nano emulsified (0.02% w/w); which was subjected to physicochemical and mechanical quality tests. The results of the ANOVA of the experimental design showed that there was no significant effect of the independent variables %P and (P/A) on the color of the CR, contrary to what happened with the response variables of the antioxidant activity and resistance of the optimized CR.
Review of the book Behavioral finance and wealth management: Market anomalies, investors’ behavior and the role of financial advisors
Authors: Cervellati Enrico Maria
Published: February 2024

The book “Behavioral Finance and Wealth Management: Market Anomalies, Investors’ Behavior and the Role of Financial Advisors” presents an examination of the intricate relationship between human behavior and financial decision-making, with particular regard to wealth management. By dissecting biases, market anomalies, and investors’ behaviors, the book provides valuable insights for investors, financial advisors, and anyone interested in the intersection of behavioral finance and wealth management. The book is an open-eye opportunity for many financial advisors and, more in general, professionals in the wealth management sector
The impact of foreign ownership on corporate social responsibility
Authors: Pham Thu Trang , Nguyen Ngoc Khanh Linh , Do Phuong Thao
Published: February 2024

Firms around the world are paying great attention to enhancing their corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and international stakeholders are believed to have the potential to offer significant insight and knowledge to help firms expand their CSR efforts (Tokas & Yadav, 2023). This study is among the few to identify the impact of offshore owners on the CSR activities of publicly traded companies in Vietnam. With 309 firms included in the study during the period of 2015 and 2019, using ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation and robustness tests, the empirical result indicates that greater engagement of foreign owners improves the CSR practices of publicly listed firms in Vietnam. This finding aligns entirely with existing theories on the relationship between foreign ownership (FO) and CSR, such as superior knowledge transfer theory, capital-based linkage theory, legitimacy theory, and stakeholders’ theory. Another interesting finding of this research is a significantly positive relationship between FO and CSR of nonenvironmentally sensitive firms while no significant impact is found in environmentally sensitive firms. The implication drawn from this outcome suggests that Vietnamese companies should use the robust backing provided by international stakeholders to effectively implement CSR initiatives, with the ultimate goal of achieving sustainable development.
Effect of silver nanoparticles in treating and healing of burn wound
Authors: Jovanovic Mladen , Vojinovic-Miloradov Mirjana , Cveticanin Livija
Published: February 2024

The paper investigates the effect of silver nanoparticles preparations on the rate of burn healing and scar quality. Three preparations for burn treatment were considered: one with silver sulfadiazine and two with silver nanoparticles woven into two types of dressing: one, of polyethylene and second, carboxymethyl cellulose. The experiment was performed on pigs, due to anatomical and pathophysiological similarities with human skin. All three silver preparations have antimicrobial properties with a beneficial effect on the healing of burns. Preparations with silver nanoparticles proved to be the most effective, since they encourage very fast burn epithelialization, affect reduction of the level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the environment of the burn wound, lead to faster expression of vascular endothetial growth factor ? VEGF, cause less thickening of the epidermis and contractility, and improve tension characteristics of the scar compared to the preparation with silver sulfadiazine. By comparing results of healing parameters and evaluation of the scar achieved with preparations with silver nanoparticles, it was evident that the best overall results of local treatment were achieved with silver nanoparticles in crystalline form. Due to quantum-mechanics, surface and chemical oxidation?reduction (reactive oxygen species) phenomenological characteristics Ag nanoparticles in crystalline form have unique ability to catalyze rate of healing.
Chemical engineering in technical and technological culture
Authors: Popovic Ljubica , Sremcev Nemanja , Purkovic Damir , Cosic Ilija
Published: February 2024

Modern technologies continuously change humans and their relationship with the environment. They can achieve a lot in the field of chemical engineering, thereby improving and enhancing the quality of human life, but on the other hand, technologies can be used to destroy human lives. Technical and technological culture (hereinafter referred to as TTC) is the entirety of social achievements in the field of technical and technological sciences and their application, as well as of the all knowledge and skills needed to understand the achievements, use them correctly, transfer them to the younger generation and create new values in this field. This paper will present a pilot study aimed to examine the attitudes and beliefs of engineers, Technological (chemical engineering) and Technical faculties, regarding the development of TTC and to determine socio-demographic factors that may influence its development. The research was conducted in Serbia and Croatia. The results indicate that the most important aspects of TTC are: the development of awareness of sustainable development, the impact on environmental protection, etc. The respondents recognized the ethical challenges we face today, the need for the education of young engineers and the promotion of TTC in the media and professional public.
The Economic Consequences of Heightened Materiality Uncertainty: An Auditing Perspective
Authors: Huang Ying , Li Ningzhong , Zhang Jieying , Zhou Xiaolu
Published: February 2024

Using a Supreme Court ruling that rejected the use of “bright-line” rules previously relied upon in evaluating materiality claims, this study examines how heightened materiality uncertainty impacts audit pricing. We expect the heightened uncertainty to make it more difficult for auditors and clients to assess materiality and to reach a consensus on materiality assessment, which increases audit effort and engagement risk, leading to higher audit fees. Consistent with this prediction, we find that after the ruling, audit fees increase significantly for treatment firms in the circuits using bright-line rules in the pre-ruling period, relative to control firms not affected by the ruling. This effect is stronger when auditors have lower quality or lower industry expertise, and when investors have more diverse opinions. We also find that for firms audited by low-expertise auditors, auditor turnover due to auditor-client disagreement on materiality-related issues increases significantly for treatment firms relative to control firms.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: K2; M41; M42.
From pots to potters: reconstructing group and individual variability in pottery production. A case study of the LBK site Cząstków Polski XII, Comm. Czosnów
Authors: Pyzel Joanna , Gomart Louise
Published: February 2024

This article presents the results of the analysis of the manufacturing macrotraces on the LBK pottery from Cząstków Polski, Site XII, Czosnów commune. It is a small, highly fragmented, and eroded assemblage and the usefulness of such material for the study of pottery production was tested. Different lines of evidence could be combined and led to the recognition of various vessel forming methods and to the reconstruction of distinct chaînes opératoires and even individual traits within them, indicating the occupation of the site by one community of practice with multiple manufacturers. Pottery production at Cząstków Polski followed general LBKpotting standards but also shows some peculiarities indicating some degree of idiosyncrasy within this community of practice.