bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association between body mass index and the oral Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes profiles of healthy individuals
Authors: Mohamed Qadir Roshna , Assafi Mahde Saleh
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Microbiome status is considered an important factor that contributes to obesity. Investigations have shown that the oral microbiome comprises a vast array of bacterial species that can influence human health.
Objective: To determine the association between the presence of the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the body mass index (BMI) status of normal, overweight and obese subjects in Duhok, Iraq. Additionally, to investigate the composition of oral Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes profiles for individuals with different BMI statuses.
Methods: A total of 155 saliva samples were collected from participants in Duhok, Iraq. Bacterial genomic DNA was then extracted from the collected saliva. The presence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla was detected via polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were detected in 63.2 and 37.4% of the population, respectively. Differences in the carriage rates of oral Firmicutes in overweight (78%) and obese individuals (83%) were statistically significant when compared to normal weight individuals (36%) (P<0.0001). The percentage rates of Bacteroidetes in obese individuals (26.4%) was statistically significant when compared to normal weight individuals (50.8%) (P=0.0078). The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios (obese=3.1, overweight=2.5 and normal weight=0.7) were higher with increasing BMI.
Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio growing with increasing BMI. High rates of Firmicutes could serve a role in the development of obesity. Further studies are required to clarify the exact relationship between oral bacteria and obesity, which could lead to a promising therapeutic method for improving the physical health of humans.
Maternal Obesity and Its Associated Factors and Outcomes in Klang Valley, Malaysia: Finding from National Obstetric Registry
Authors: Shahrir Nurul Farehah , Abdul Jalil Rohana , R Jeganathan J Ravichandran , Karalasingam Shamala Devi , Mohd Nordin Noraihan , Abdullah Mohamad Farouk , Sa’at Nadiah
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Maternal obesity presents significant health risks to mothers and their fetuses. This study aimed to determine the proportion, associated factors and outcomes of maternal obesity among pregnant women in Klang Valley, Malaysia.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and March 2018 using secondary data from the Malaysian National Obstetric Registry (NOR) for the year 2015. All pregnant women with first-trimester booking at 12 weeks and below that were registered with the NOR and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analysis were used. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22.0. A total of 2113 respondents were included in this study to determine the proportion, associated factors and outcomes of maternal obesity. Regarding the univariate and multivariate analyses, respondents were classified into two groups: normal and obese. The obese group comprised overweight and obese mothers. The underweight group was excluded in the subsequent analysis.
Results: Out of the 2113 respondents, 7.1% were underweight, 41.7% were of normal weight, 28.6% were overweight, 15.9% were in obese class I, 4.6% were in obese class II, and 2.1% were in obese class III according to the WHO (1995) reference. However, when the MOH (2003) cutoff point was used, there was a marked increase in the proportion of respondents in the overweight categories by 2.7% and obesity class I by 12.8%. The Indian (AdjOR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.83, p=0.021) and Malay (AdjOR 1.75, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.00, p=0.040) ethnicities, as well as both multiparity (AdjOR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.73, p <0.001) and grand multiparity (AdjOR 2.41, 95% CI: 1.78, 3.26, p <0.001), were significantly associated with maternal obesity. There were significant association between maternal obesity with hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (p=0.025), caesarean section delivery (p=0.002) and macrosomic infant (p <0.001).
Conclusion: The identification of risk factors for maternal obesity is important to facilitate intervention programmes focused on improving the pregnancy outcomes for a high-risk group of women.
Pharmacist-structured review of proton pump inhibitor utilisation in primary care: A non-randomised control study
Authors: Wong Su Li , Sulaiman Norharlina , Ng Kar Mun , Lee Zhe Yen
Published: December 2021

Introduction: In the primary care setting, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) overutilisation often stems from the failure to discontinue prophylaxis treatment prior to tertiary care discharge and consider step-down therapy following discharge. Long-term PPI use can result in potential drug-related problems and unnecessary drug expenditure. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-structured review in reducing inappropriate PPI prescriptions and estimate the potential cost saving.
Methods: This non-randomised controlled study was conducted for 16 weeks at 17 government health clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Eligible patients attending the outpatient pharmacies of intervention clinics were recruited consecutively and their consent was obtained. A structured review of PPIs was performed in which pharmacists identified patient demographics, indications and the length of PPI therapy using a PPI intervention form. Recommendations were discussed with physicians before prescription changes were made and documented. Moreover, standard management was conducted in the control clinics.
Results: A total of 568 patients with prescriptions containing PPIs were sampled, with a total of 284 patients being placed into the control and intervention groups, respectively. Compared to the control group, inappropriate PPI utilisation in the intervention group significantly decreased from 79.9 to 30.4% (p<0.05). The changes to PPI prescriptions observed in the intervention group included: stop PPI therapy (30.8%), step-down therapy (22.9%), start substitution therapy (15.9%) and no change (30.4%). The physicians’ acceptance rate for pharmacist intervention was 67.8%. A 66.1% reduction in monthly PPI pill count and a 72.0% reduction in monthly medication expenditure (RM44.85/patient/year) were observed.
Conclusion: The pharmacist-structured review was effective in increasing appropriate PPI utilisation and led to substantial cost savings.
RISCOS COM MATERIAIS BIOLÓGICOS ENTRE PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM DE UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: Duarte Adriana Pereira , Ferreira Maria Cristina de Moura , Camargo Yanne da Silva , Junqueira Marcelle Aparecida de Barros , Giuliani Carla Denari , Duarte Alexandra Pereira
Published: December 2021

Os acidentes de trabalho com exposição a materiais biológicos (ATEMB) representam um grave problema para os profissionais de saúde, dentre eles a equipe de enfermagem por ter contato direto e frequente com o paciente. Fatores como estresse, sobrecarga de trabalho, baixos salários, materiais inadequados contribuem para o maior número de ATEMB. O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar o perfil dos profissionais que sofreram ATEMB e o perfil dos acidentes biológicos destacando as possíveis causas dos ATEMB do setor de Pronto Socorro do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Método: trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, descritivo com abordagem quantitativa realizado com profissionais de enfermagem. Foi utilizado um questionário estruturado com 35 questões que envolviam a temática proposta. Resultados: os resultados mostram que a categoria profissional que mais se acidentou foi a de técnico de enfermagem, e que a sobrecarga de trabalho/pressa somados a falta de utilização do EPI no momento da execução da técnica foram as principais causas dos ATEMB. Considerações finais: a pesquisa demonstrou que a principal causa de ATEMB foi atribuída à sobrecarga de trabalho / pressa, emergência, material inadequado e estresse, bem como a não utilização de EPI. Entendemos que os comportamentos de risco tais como uso inadequado do EPI, falta de destreza manual, pressa, improviso de materiais, cansaço, distração e acondicionamento inadequado de resíduos, são fatores preponderantes para ATEMB. O objetivo do estudo foi alcançado, porém, entende-se que novas pesquisas deverão ser realizadas com a finalidade de conhecer e investigar mais profundamente os comportamentos de risco que levam os trabalhadores às ATEMBs.
O PAPEL DA MULHER NA POLÍCIA MILITAR: ASPECTOS DE REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Santos Luiz Ricardo
Published: December 2021

O aspecto da representação social é um dos mais importantes nortes de reflexão sobre o estado de pertencimento em determinados cenários sociais. É neste viés que perpassa ações e reflexões sobre identidade, memórias, atuações laborais, e diversos outros nortes importantes a respeito do papel de um indivíduo, numa relação com o tempo, com as complexidades e desafios, com a construção de paradigmas discursivos. O presente artigo busca refletir sobre a representação social da mulher na Polícia Militar, espaço que muitos destacam como ambiente de predominância masculina, mas que conta, com uma realidade situacional que vem quem quebrando visões e mostrando o quanto as mulheres têm conquistado espaço. Esta narrativa é uma reflexão breve, de apontamentos, sobre esta realidade situacional, caracterizando aspectos relevantes.
ARQUITETURA DE FRANQUIAS: UM PARALELO ENTRE A PADRONIZAÇÃO ARQUITETÔNICA E A CONSOLIDAÇÃO DE UMA MARCA
Authors: Azevedo Rayssa Gondim , Pretti Soraya Mattos
Published: December 2021

O número de franquias se encontra em ritmo crescente em todo o mundo, fazendo com que as empresas busquem formas para a valorização do seu negócio, e para gerar uma expansão rápida e concreta. Desse modo, o objetivo desse artigo é entender como a arquitetura pode ser usada como ferramenta para a consolidação e sucesso de uma empresa. Para a concepção desse estudo, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica narrativa sobre o mercado das franquias, a psicologia das cores e a psicologia ambiental, além de pesquisas de caso sobre métodos, fluxos e padronizações utilizadas por grandes franquias. O trabalho obteve como resultado estratégias que podem ser utilizadas pelas franquias para proporcionar um maior conforto ao cliente, aliando com o objetivo da marca. Conclui-se que existem diversas estratégias arquitetônicas que podem ser utilizadas para a atração do público e, consequentemente, gerar mais lucro para a empresa.
UM OLHAR REFLEXIVO SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA DE ATIKUM SALGUEIRO
Authors: Souza Jailson da Silva
Published: December 2021

Este artigo busca discutir a importância da Educação Escolar Indígena no processo de fortalecimento dos saberes específicos e diferenciados. Quando os povos indígenas afirmam que a educação escolar indígena é um grande desafio, a razão principal não é o desconhecimento de procedimentos didáticos ou de conteúdos curriculares, mas sim o fato que a lógica de organizações da escola contraria a lógica de vida destas culturas, a seguinte pesquisa justifica-se em formar e conscientizar os indígenas a serem protagonistas dos seus próprios saberes, pois a educação colonizadora tem como objetivo manipular, integrar e apagar da memória dos povos indígenas suas identidades, fazendo com que os povos originários tornem-se iguais à sociedade envolvente. O objetivo do artigo é valorizar os conhecimentos tradicionais do povo Atikum sendo conhecedores da sua própria história. Com a luta e resistência dos mais velhos, pela garantia dos direitos aos reconhecimentos nacionais negados há muitos séculos. A iniciativa foi usar o ensino a seu favor, pois desta maneira estariam aprendendo a se defender através da oralidade. Entendemos que a educação indígena aprende-se na comunidade.
LEIS E DIRETRIZES PARA O TRANSPORTE TERRESTRE DE CARGAS PERIGOSAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Sartori Henrique , Cordeiro Carol Cardoso Moura
Published: December 2021

Esse artigo tem como objetivo mostrar para o público algumas das leis e orientações do transporte de cargas perigosas no Brasil que é um dos países com leis mais exigentes sobre o assunto, dando enfoque na legislação e na classificação dos produtos como: explosivos (pólvora), inflamáveis (gasolina), gases (GLP) e radioativos (urânio). São apresentadas também as normas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT) para fiscalização do transporte dessas cargas. Esse tipo de transporte é um caso particular da logística necessitando de uma atenção maior para que possa ser executado de forma segura zelando pelo meio ambiente e pela saúde das pessoas.
INOVAÇÕES TECNOLÓGICAS EM EMPRESAS MADEIREIRAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE IMBITUVA/PR: UMA ANÁLISE SOB À ÉGIDE DA TEORIA EVOLUCIONÁRIA
Authors: Ramos Marcos Paulo da Silva , Stroparo Telma Regina , Cordeiro Guilherme
Published: December 2021

Com objetivo de identificar os impactos gerados pela implementação de inovações tecnológicas no setor madeireiro do município de Imbituva/PR a pesquisa utiliza-se da Teoria Evolucionária para explicar repercussões advindas com os processos de gestão e aprendizagem. Metodologicamente, caracteriza-se em aplicada, exploratória e etnográfica. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário aplicado a nove (09) empresas do setor madeireiro localizadas no município de Imbituva/PR. A amostra foi não probabilística intencional, selecionadas por conveniência e acessibilidade. Como resultados percebe-se que a implementação de inovações diminui custos, melhora os processos, há menos falhas e ocorre aperfeiçoamento dos produtos, bem como promove mudanças sociais, quando analisadas sob a égide da Teoria Evolucionária que preconiza que as empresas, por meio do aprendizado e melhoria dos processos, otimizam recursos e inovam.
SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM PARA GESTANTES COM PRÉ ECLÂMPSIA E/OU ECLÂMPSIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Souza Mariana Antunes Carvalho de , Silva Maria Aparecida Xavier Moreira da
Published: December 2021

A Síndrome Hipertensiva Específica da Gestação (SHEG) se caracteriza como um distúrbio que promove intensas alterações fisiológicas na gestante podendo ocasionar a morte da mãe e do bebê. Esse estudo traz como objetivo principal descrever o papel do enfermeiro na elaboração da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e do Processo de Enfermagem para paciente gestante com pré-eclâmpsia e/ou eclâmpsia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa da literatura que foi realizada no período entre março à outubro de 2021. A amostra foi composta por 33 publicações. Os resultados apontam que as gestantes em pré-eclâmpsia e/ou eclâmpsia apresentam como necessidades de assistência de enfermagem as necessidades psicobiológicas, psicossociais e psicoespirituais. Mediante essas necessidades foram identificados os seguintes diagnósticos de enfermagem para atendimento dessas gestantes: Risco de função cardiovascular prejudicada, Risco de binômio mãe-feto perturbado, Risco de infecção, Risco de sangramento, Conforto prejudicado, Ansiedade, Dor aguda e Náusea. A pesquisa evidenciou que gestantes com eclâmpsia e/ou pré-eclâmpsia correm um grande risco de vir a óbito, não somente elas como também seus bebês.  O papel do enfermeiro na aplicabilidade da SAE é de suma importância e que, quando realizada de forma adequada, a SAE permite ao enfermeiro a identificação precoce de riscos ou alterações que esta gestante esteja sofrendo, com indício de pré-eclâmpsia ou eclâmpsia, na qual pode se ter um desfecho favorável, evitando a ocorrência de óbito materno-fetal. Desta forma, a SAE pode instrumentalizar o enfermeiro para uma abordagem assistencial, direcionando cuidados específicos para essas pacientes, evitando-se resultados negativos.
Inverse effect and receptor dynamics â€“ Coffee, Opium and Wine's secondary pharmacology
Authors: Signorini Andrea Maria
Published: December 2021

A homeopathic widespread belief is that the inversion of effect of the drugs in homeopathic medical practice is due to dilution or very low doses, but there are many homeopathic incoherencies. For example the first conception of the similia principle was obtained through planned, small sample, clinical experiments with ponderal/pharmacological doses in healthy and diseased subjects1. Furthermore the classical foundations of the similia principle in Organon2, the primary and secondary actions of drugs, were thought to be connected with opposite, time-dependent reactions of the body to high doses and the inversion of effect was seen in temporal sequence after a strong dose and not after changes of doses, so the idea that dilutions are responsible for inversion of effects is not suitable to the classical theory. And lastly homeopathic provings or pathogenetic trials have frequently mixed, unregarded to the doses, occasional toxicological symptoms and symptoms obtained through diluted substances3, reinforcing the idea that, on healthy subjects, in several cases many substances produce the same symptoms in pharmacological or infinitesimal doses. So at least the dose-dependent inversion of effect is not generalized in a great part of the collected symptoms. Biological foundations to similia principle have to be searched in other directions4, as in different sensitivity to drugs between health and disease, or in different time-dependent effect of drugs on specific, but different, cell sensitivity set point. In the vision described here both these possibilities represent the same phenomenon of altered cell sensitivity. It is aim of this article to show that the original hahnemannian idea to explain homeopathic similia principle starting from a pharmacological and biological point of view with ponderal doses, seems correct, rationally comprehensible and based on modern knowledges. The three pharmacologic examples that best illustrate this reasoning, coffe, opium and wine, will be discussed.
Pilot Study: Evaluation of the efficacy of homeopathic anti-tumor protocols in Ehrlich tumor
Authors: Amaral Juliana Gimenez , Hurtado Elizabeth Perez , Cardoso ThaynÃ¡ Neves , De Carvalho Aloisio Cunha , Bonamin Leoni Villano
Published: December 2021

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with breast cancer one of the tumors with the highest incidence in Brazil, with an estimated 57,120 new cases in 2014. Several forms of treatment and control of cancer symptoms has been studied, among them homeopathy. In the Banerji clinic in India, doctors have used a protocol consisting of 4 homeopathic medicines with relevant results that motivated this study. In our research the Ehrlich tumor was used, a transplantable tumor cell, whose features are similar a breast carcinoma, as discovered in 1905 by Paul Ehrlich. Objective: To analyze the clinical and immunomodulatory Ehrlich tumor in mice treated with the homeopathic medications found in the Banerji Protocol and with thymulin 5CH. Methodology: The project was approved under protocol 158/13 of the Paulista University Ethics Committee. BALB / c mice between 6 and 9 weeks old were used. Each mouse was inoculated with 1x10 7 tumor cells into the peritoneum cavity, to obtain the ascitic form of tumor. Mice were divided in 5 groups (N=6 animals per group), being the following treatments: control treated with sterile water, Conium maculatum 200CH, Thuja occidentalis 200CH, Phytolacca decandra 200CH, Carcinosinum 200CH, every day being 0.1mL/10g body weight. The animals were weighed and the consumption of water and feed was measured daily. Clinical signals and body temperature were also registered daily. The survival of each group was also analyzed. Results: All groups presented reduction of body temperature one day before death. The peak of clinical symptoms in the majority of groups was in the D18, while Carcinosinum treated group had its peak in D29. The observed clinical symptoms were apathy, prostration, cyanosis, priapism, tachydyspnea, genital edema and secretion, decreased general activity, hair bristling and trembling. The control group had loose stools as unique symptom, seen in 20% of mice; the Carcinosinum treated group showed trembling as the sole symptom, that affected 20% of mice. The group treated with Conium maculatum showed higher incidence of clinical symptoms, involving up to 80% of mice, while the group treated with Carcinosinum showed lower incidence of clinical symptoms, affecting no more than 40% of mice, with weight reduction (reduction of ascites) and longer survival, when compared to the other groups. Conclusion: The results of the pilot study directed us to the second stage of the research, in which the histopathological and immunohistochemical observation will be assessed, being Carcinosinum the treatment chosen to this next step.
Estimation Standard And Seeded Pan Evaporation Using Modelling Approach
Authors: Simon-Gáspár Brigitta , Soós Gábor , Anda Angela
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Evaporation is an important meteorological variable that has also a great impact on water management. In this study, FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation (FAO56-PM), multiple stepwise regression (MLR) and Kohonen self-organizing map (K-SOM) techniques were used for the estimation of daily pan evaporation (Ep) in three treatments, where C was the standard class A pan with top water, S was A pan with sediment covered bottom, and SM was class A pan containing submerged macrophytes (Myriophyllum sipctatum., Potamogeton perfoliatus, and Najas marina), in an six-season experiment. The modelling approach included six measured meteorological variables; daily mean air temperatures (Ta), maximum and minimum air temperatures, global radiation (Rs), relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (u) in the 2015–2020 growing seasons (from June to September), at Keszthely, Hungary. Average Ep varied from 0.6 to 6.9 mm d−1 for C, 0.7 to 7.9 mm d−1 for S, whereas from 0.9 to 8.2 mm d−1 for SM during the growing seasons studied. Correlation analysis and K-SOM visual representation revealed that Ta and Rs had stronger positive correlation, while RH had a negative correlation with the Ep of C, S and SM. Performances of the different models were compared using statistical indices, which included the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), scatter index (SI) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE). The results showed that the MLR method provided close compliance with the observed pan evaporation values, but the K-SOM method gave better estimates than the other methods. Overall, K-SOM has high accuracy and huge potential for Ep estimation for water bodies where freshwater submerged macrophytes are present.
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAUN KELOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TERONG UNGU
Authors: Tomia La Muhaidir , Pelia Lani
Published: December 2021

Pemupukan merupakan usaha pemberian pupuk untuk menambah unsur hara yang diperlukan pada tanaman. Sehingga untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman pada terong ungu (Solanum melongena L.) maka perlu dilakukan pemupukan, baik itu pupuk organik maupun anorganik. Pupuk organik terdapat dua jenis, yakni padat dan cair. Salah satu pupuk organik cair yang dapat digunakan untuk pemenuhan unsur hara dalam tanah yaitu pupuk organik cair daun kelor. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair daun kelor dan berapa dosis yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman holtikultura terkhusus untuk tanaman terong ungu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan perbandingan konsentrasi POC daun kelor sebagai berikut, P0 = tanpa pupuk, P1 = pupuk organik cair 50 ml/liter air, P2= pupuk organik cair 100 ml/liter air, P3= pupuk organik cair 150 ml/liter air, P4 = pupuk organik cair 200 ml/liter air, P5 = pupuk organik cair 250 ml/liter air dengan 6 perlakuan 4 ulangan. Hasil penilitian menunjukkan bahwa pada P3 dengan dosis pupuk organik cair daun kelor 150 ml/1 liter air berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman terong ungu pada 1 MST, 4 MST, 5 MST, 6 MST, dan 8 MST tetapi tidak brpngaruh pada 2 MST dan 3 MST
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMPOS KOTORAN HEWAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L)
Authors: Pranoto Sutiknio Hadi , Yatim Herwin , Ahmad Sutarmin D Hi
Published: December 2021

Jagung adalah salah satu komoditi tanaman pertanian di Indonesia yang banyak dibudidayakan dan membutuhkan hara yang mendukung untuk menghasilkan panen yang lebih baik dilakukan dengan pengaplikasian kompos kotoran hewan yakni kotoran sapi dengan dosis yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis terbaik dalam pengaplikasian kompos kotoran sapi pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung (Zea mays L) dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan 4 ulangan yakni P0 = Kontrol perlakuan tanpa pemberian kompos kotoran sapi; P1 = 4 ton/ha kompos kotoran sapi atau 2,8 kg per petak; P2 = 6 ton/ha kompos kotoran sapi atau 4,2 kg per petak; P3 = 8 ton/ha kompos kotoran sapi atau 5,6 kg per petak; P4 = 10 ton/ha kompos kotoran sapi atau 7 kg per petak sehingga setiap perlakuan terdapat 20 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kompos kotoran sapi dengan dosis yang berbeda berpengaruh sangat nyata pada tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun umur 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6 MST, panjang tongkol, berat tongkol, berat kering perpetak. Perlakuan terbaik P4 (dosis 10 ton/ha kompos kotoran sapi setara 7 Kg per petak).
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TANI BUAH SALAK DI KECAMATAN SIMPANG RAYA KABUPATEN BANGGAI
Authors: Astuti Endang Puji , Tatu Irsan Z. , Enteding Trianto
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui (a) Faktor strategi internal dan eksternal dalam pengembangan usahatani buah salak pondoh yang ada di Kecamatan Simpang Raya Kabupaten Banggai, (b) Menentukan strategi pengembangan usahatani buah salak pondoh yang ada di Kecamatan Simpang Raya Kabupaten Banggai. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT bahwa hasil skoring faktor internal dan faktor eksternal, perolehan nilai tertinggi terdapat pada strategi SO (Strengths-Opportunities) sebesar 4,50, strategi ST (Sterngths-Treats) sebesar 3,30, Strategi WO (Weaknesses-Opportunities) sebesar 2,67, sedangkan yang terendah terdapat pada strategi WT (Weaknesses- Threats) sebesar 1,41, sehingga strategi yang di sarankan adalah strategi SO dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan dan peluang yang  ada antara lain : faktor kekuatan (Strenghts) memilikii pengaruh atau tingkat kepentingan relatif tertinggi dalam pengembangan usahatani salak dengan  nilai sebesar 2,56 yang terdiri dari : (1) Pengalaman berusahatani sebesar 0,51 (2) Tahan terhadap iklim sebesar 0,51 (3) Menggunakan pupuk organik sebesar 0,5 (4) Ketersediaan lahan sebesar 0,51 (5) Ketersediaan Tenaga Kerja 0,51 sedangkan Peluang (Opportunities) memilikii pengaruh atau tingkat kepentingan relatif tertinggi dalam pengembangan usahatani salak dengan  nilai sebesar1,94 yang terdiri dari : (1) Harga jual relatif tinggi sebesar 0,34 (2) Adanya permintaan pasar sebesar 0,57 (3) Adanya peluang agribisnis sebesar 0,34 (4) Budidaya salak masih kurang sebesar 0,34 (5) Adanya pembeli dari luar Kecamatan sebesar 0,34.
Rumeur, persiflage, caquet, calomnie, diffamation
Authors: Woodward Servanne
Published: December 2021

L’introduction du volume montre qu’entre les articles, il existe une réflexion sur la terminologie qui permettrait de démêler le vrai du faux, le réel de la fiction, l’authentique de l’imposture. Ces délimitations du statut de la parole touchent à l’intégrité des personnes, à leur sécurité, à ce qu’il est possible de considérer légitime entre les modes d’agressions sociales qui passent par le discours, les lettres et l’imprimé. Au fil du temps, les lois sur les libelles contrôlent la diffamation dont on a vu les résultats à la Révolution. Par ailleurs, la rumeur finit par faire partie de la sphère d’influence des mondains et des privilégiers, un effet de promotion personnelle ou de vente.
Mental Health of Adults with Covid-19 and without Covid-19
Authors: Khan Hira , Ahmad Bilal , Khizar Umbreen
Published: December 2021

This systematic comparative study aimed to examine measuring the mental health of adults with and without covid-19 in Pakistan. A purposive sampling technique was utilized in this study. The sample consisted of 72 participants. Mental Health Inventory (MHI) by (Veit & Ware, 1983) was utilized for measuring the mental health of confirmed positive COVID-19 cases and the general population. Findings indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with mental health and confirmed positive Covid-19 participants have less mental health than the general population. Anxiety was found higher in COVID-19 patients as compared to depression whereas in the general population depression was found higher than anxiety. Behavioral control was non-significant in both covid-19 patients and the general population. The positive effect was less in the general population than confirmed positive covid-19 patients. These findings are very important for future planning. But some limitations were that this research was conducted only in one district in Bhakkar and this sample was too short. In the future, this research should be on a large scale in which the maximum era of the country should be selected.
Psychological Ethical Climate in Schools and Teachers’ Performance: Analyzing the Effect on Government and Private Teachers
Authors: Haider Syed Zubair , Ali Rafaquat , Nosheen Syeda Sidra
Published: December 2021

The present research examined the impact of psychological ethical climate on teachers’ performance in government and private schools of Bahawalpur. In this study, the descriptive research design was used, and data were collected through two scales, such as the psychological ethical climate scale developed by Schwepker, Ferrell, and Ingram (1997) and the teachers’ job performance scale developed by Akhtar and Haider (2017). The simple random and convenient sampling techniques were used to select government ESEs and private school teachers and their principals to rate their performance. Total 280 questionnaires were distributed among teachers, and 60 questionnaires were provided to principals, and the response rate was 100% due to vigorous follow-up by the researchers. Researchers applied different statistical techniques to the collected data to get accurate results. This study revealed that both government and private teachers highly displayed a psychological ethical climate in their schools. The study results showed that psychological ethical climate has a statistically significant effect on teachers’ performance in private schools. At the same time, the effect was insignificant in government schools.
Evaluation of clinical, laboratory and treatment modalities of pituitary adenomas: Single center experience
Authors: ÖZDEMİR YAVUZ Ayşe , KILIÇ KAN Elif , ÇOLAK Ramis
Published: December 2021

Pituitary adenomas are a group of disease with broad different clinical characteristics and complications. We aimed to present the data of patients being followed in a single center and discuss the pituitary adenomas based on the literature. Two hundred and twenty patients followed at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical School of Ondokuz Mayis University, were included into study. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and treatment modalities were examined retrospectively. 59% of patients were female and 41% were male. Mean age during the diagnosis was 43.7 years. Pituitary macroadenomas were 62% of all adenomas and 73% of pituitary adenomas were functional. Among the functional adenomas, the most frequently seen types were prolactin-secreting adenoma and growth-hormone secreting adenoma. Treatment options were surgical treatment (67%), medical treatment (20%) and radiotherapy (7%). Post-operative complications were developed in 27 (13.2%) of patients. In patients with non-functional adenoma, the cure after surgery was detected as 19.6% and the remission after the surgery was detected as 8.9%. In this study, the characteristics of the pituitary adenomas were found similar to the literature in general. The early diagnosis of the disease has a significant importance in terms of treatment and the response to the treatment.
Which COVID-19 patients should be recommended for home isolation and which should be hospitalized? Predictors of disease progression for mild COVID-19 patients
Authors: AKSEL Gökhan , ADEMOĞLU Enis , İSLAM Mehmet Muzaffer , BELELİ YAŞAR Gökselin , TENGEREK Deniz , DÖLEK Mustafa Ümit Can , DAŞDELEN Salih , EROĞLU Serkan Emre
Published: December 2021

Each country has different treatment and home isolation recommendations regarding the management of mild COVID-19 patients, and there is not yet a standard approach. The aim of this study is to determine which patients are suitable for home isolation by identifying the variables that predict the progression of the disease in mild COVID-19 patients. This prospective observational study included laboratory confirmed mild COVID-19 patients older than 18 years. The primary outcome of the study was the disease progression in mild COVID-19 patients. A multivariate regression model was created according to the results of univariate analyses. A total of 254 patients included in the study. Median age of the patients was 34.5 years (27–42), and 132 (52%) of them were male. COVID-19 compatible thoracic computed tomography appearance (P<0.001, HR=6.58, 95% CI=2.60-16.65) and advanced age (P=0.008, HR=1.07, 95% CI=1.02-1.13) were significantly associated with the progression of the disease, and the use of hydroxychloroquine (P=0.002, HR=0.09, 95% CI=0.02-0.32) was significantly associated with a decrease in the disease progression. The advanced age and COVID-19 compatible thoracic computed tomography appearance were associated with progression of the disease, while hydroxychloroquine treatment was associated with decreased progression in mild COVID-19 patients.
Clinical use of the poisoning severity score in acute pediatric poisoning
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Fatih , AKÇA Gülfer , ÇALIŞKAN Burcu , AKÇA Ünal
Published: December 2021

To make an accurate diagnosis of poisoning and determine the severity of poisoning quickly without losing time are critical for managing the patient's medical treatment and predicting the prognosis. This study aimed to investigate PSS and Glasgow Coma Scale Score (GCS) effectiveness in predicting outcomes in acute pediatric poisoning. We retrospectively reviewed the data of intoxicated patients aged under 18 years who were admitted to the pediatric emergency service of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research and Practice Hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018. Two hundred twenty-two patients were admitted to our pediatric emergency department (ED) after drug ingestions. Of the patients enrolled in the study, 148 (66.7 %) were female, and 74 (33.3%) were male. The mean age was 105.8±75.3 months, and the median age was 65 (12-213) months. 96 (43.3%) poisoning cases were in the age range of 12-18 years. According to Poisoning Severity Score, it was found that 84 cases (37.4%) were asymptomatic (PSS score=0), 86 cases (38.7%) were minor (PSS score=1), 48 cases (21.6%) were moderate (score=2) and four cases (1.8%) were severe (PSS score=3). Combined using the Poisoning Severity Score with the patient's biochemical and physiological values may help improve an accurate diagnosis of poisoning and determine the severity of poisoning more accurately.
Comparison of the efficacy of PSI, CURB-65, CALL and BCRSS in predicting prognosis and mortality in COVID-19 patients
Authors: AKÇA Hatice Şeyma , ALGIN Abdullah , ÖZDEMİR Serdar , SEVİMLİ Habib , KOKULU Kamil , EROĞLU Serkan Emre
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to determine whether the PSI, CURB-65, CALL and BCRSS had any superiority over each other as a prognostic determinant in patients with COVID-19. This prospective cohort study included patients over 18 years of age that presented to the emergency department between May 12 and August 12, 2020 and had a positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The PSI, CURB-65, CALL and BCRS scores were calculated. SPSS version 22 was used for all statistical analyses. A total of 213 patients with a positive COVID-19 PCR result were included in the study. The total 30-day mortality rate was determined as 14.08%. PSI, CURB-65, CALL and BCRSS had a statistically significant relationship with mortality (p<0.001). The best parameter in predicting mortality was determined as PSI (area under the curve: 0.900; 95% CI: 0.972-0.828). A positive correlation was found between each scoring system, both with the length of hospital stay (PSI, CURB-65, CALL and BCRSS: r=0.696, p=0; r=0.621, p=0; r=0.75, p=0; and r=0.666, p=0, respectively). Scoring systems, which include comorbidity, vital signs as well as laboratory, imaging findings, will be more effective than other scoring systems in determining the mortality in patients with covid-19.
Relationship between the national institutes health stroke scale score and bispectral index in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Serdar , CİMİLLİ ÖZTÜRK Tuba , ECMEL ONUR Özge
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the bispectral index and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score in patients admitted to the emergency department with a first-time acute ischemic stroke. Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted with patients admitted to our clinic with acute ischemic stroke symptoms. Patients with known cranial pathologies, such as space- occupying lesions, those with a history of clinically significant cerebrovascular events or sedative drug administration, and those with altered consciousness due to metabolic causes were excluded from the study. The National Institutes Health Stroke Scale scores were recorded by the clinician. Cerebral arterial territories were assessed on DWI and CT. The relationship between the NIHSS score and bispectral index was evaluated. Results: Forty-three patients were included in the study. The mean bispectral index of the cases was 84.23 ± 9.50. There was no significant correlation between the bispectral index values and the NIHSS score (p<0.05). Conclusion: In our study, the bispectral index values were decreased due to ischemic stroke. The results should be reevaluated studies conducted with larger series to reveal the relationship between infarcted territories, NIHSS score, bispectral index, and the GCS score.
Contacts of Bronze - Early Iron Age Archaeological Cultures with Synchronous Cultures of the Outer World (General overview)
Authors:   O. Lordkipanidze Archaeological Research Institute, Jibladze Leri
Published: December 2021

The Eneolithic and Bronze-Early Iron Age cultures prevalent in the territory of Western Georgia do not seem to be isolated from the archeological cultures of the outside world, but there are observed quite close contact-relations between them. In the Eneolithic Age, with pottery and one group of stone artifacts, there are close contacts with Upper Imereti and pre-Maykop materials. The touching points are also revealed between the Dolmen and Proto-Colchian cultures. According to some of the metal artefacts of Upper Svaneti and Upper Racha (Brill Cemetery), contacts are observed with the materials of the Maykop and Digoria cultural materials…., Which took place through communication routes leading to some of the passes of the Central Caucasus Range. We have met elements of Mtkvari-Araks and Proto-Colchian cultures in Dablagomi settlement (Samtredia region). With some of the materials found in Colchis, some contacts are revealed with the Beden culture existing on the territory of Shida Kartli. In the territory of Western Georgia (Adjara, Eastern Colchis) mainly in the composition of bronze treasures are found the axes from Central Transcaucasian, which must have gotten here as a result of the relations between the populations of Western and Eastern Georgia. Imported pottery found in southwestern Colchis (Makhvilauri hill-settlement) reveals certain relations with the Proto-Hittite world. The connections with separate artifacts of Bronze Age ceramic materials found in Colchis with materials from Asia Minor can be seen.
The Principles of Interior Organization (A Kitchen in the middle ages of the 1st millennium B.C.)
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Butsuradze Tatia
Published: December 2021

The present work is an attempt of analyzing the kitchen excavated on Grakliani Gora in 2014. The analysis consits of a detailed description of ceramics found in this area and also trying to find its analogies. Furthermore, the work looks at arrangement of the oven excavated on the territory of the kitchen and provides its comparison to the earliest ovens. Kitchen areas excavated both in the western world (Olynthus, Lefkada) and in the eastern world (Gonur Depe) are used for the research of kitchens and other agricultural dwellings as part of an interior. This is an attempt to determine the cultural affiliation of the kitchen found on Grakliani Gora. Given the fact that there are no such separated kitchen areas found among the sites on the territory of Georgia, this work will give us a basic knowledge to interpret future findings.
Hitherto Unknown Technology of Bronze Age Inlay
Authors:   Georgian National Museum, Kebuladze Nino , Kalandadze Nino ,   Georgian National Museum
Published: December 2021

Daggers discovered at Tserovani cemetery of the Bronze Age - prominent specimens of decorative-applied art selected for the new exhibition of the Museum of Archaeology of the State Museum-Reserve of Greater Mtskheta – were submitted to the restoration-research laboratory of archaeological and ethnographic objects of S. Janashia Museum of Georgia of the Georgian National Museum because of repeated corrosion in some areas. Dagger N7232 is composed and its handle is abundantly incrusted with vitreous mass. Most of the incrustation is produced with the method of melting vitreous mass inside a metal cutting. A strange exception is white circular inlay against blue background situated in three triangular cuttings. One of incrustations is damaged. The remnants were found in the cut of damaged incrustation were the vitreous mass and small grey, tubular rods made of 94% tin and 4% copper alloy (pewter) fitted in a wooden remnant. Research allowed us to interpret presumable methods and prominence of producing incrustation: white glass embedded in circular silver partitions against the background of blue glass. The analyses showed that the dagger was made from the typical for the late bronze period alloy- tin bronze. The artefacts, with all signs of historical development (technology, decoration methods, and ornamental motives) belong to the Colchian culture and can date in frame of this culture. Based on the presently available data it can be stated that we are dealing with a completely new technology unknown up to present and that it can be regarded as predecessor of the cloisonne incrustation.
Human Distribution in Caucasia in the Coldest and Driest Period of the Last Glacial
Authors:   Ilia State University, Gavashelishvili Alexandre
Published: December 2021

Since the period the modern human originated anatomically, genetic diversity was accumulated in the hereditarily transferred DNA (e.g., Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA), which makes it possible to estimate the ways of human origination and evolution. The research presented in the article uses the branches of Y-chromosome (or paternal branches) which originated in the period of the Last Glaciation. According to the hypothesis to be researched, the major phenomenon in the geological past which could have caused genetic differences by means of reproductive distancing of human populations (i.e., isolation) was the succession of minimal temperatures over the period of glaciation. The author’s hypothesis was motivated by the fact that the dates of temperature minimums almost coincided with the times of origination of paternal branches presumed by other scholars (Fig. 1). Consequently, it was the distribution of the biomes during these minimums that must have affected creation and dissemination of paternal branches.
Chlorite alteration in pegmatite from the Madan Pb-Zn deposits: mineral association, chemical composition and temperature of formation
Authors: Vassileva Rossitsa D. , Milenkov Georgi , Georgieva Sylvina , Stefanova Elitsa
Published: December 2021

Chlorites are common constituent of the secondary mineral assemblage formed as alteration products after aluminosilicate host rocks in the Pb-Zn deposits in Madan district. In concordant pegmatite body from the Petrovitsa deposit, they are formed after mica flakes. Such transformation often results in abundant rutile grains. The dominant chlorite compositions fall in the clinochlore-chamosite series. Minor and trace elements incorporation of Li, B, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Cs, and Ba is detected. Calculated To of formation ranges within 298–306 °C.
Strategies for Implementing Agro-Industrial Policy in the Face of Climate Change in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: A. B Ogunwale, , J. O Akintonde, , J. O Amao,
Published: December 2021

The development of the agro-industrial sector lies in increasing agricultural productivity which is directly affected by climatic changes. The study, therefore, evaluated the strategies for implementing agro-industrial policy in the face of climate change in Southwestern, Nigeria. The study adopted a participatory Field Survey Method to carry out a preliminary survey, while a multistage sampling procedure was used to select 238 crop processors/agro-industrialist. Data were collected through a structured interview schedule and analyzed with frequency distribution and percentage as main descriptive statistical tools. The study revealed different subsectors of agriculture adversely affected by climate change and several recommendations for policy formulation on climate change for sustainable agro-industrialization in the area. The study, therefore, recommends that stakeholders in agro-processing industries and governments at various levels should engage in regular consultation and participatory management mechanisms to reduce the effects of climate change on agro-industries and come up with policy documents that will promote and enhance sustainable agro-industrialization in South-west in particular and Nigeria at large.

Keywords: Agro-Industries, Agro-processors, Climate Change, Policy Issues.