bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlación entre la inteligencia emocional y hábitos alimentarios saludables durante el aislamiento social en estudiantes de la Universidad Científica del Sur
Authors:   , Lopez Alvarado Shirley Liliana
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre inteligencia emocional y hábitos alimentarios durante el aislamiento social en estudiantes de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Métodos: Estudio correlacional de enfoque cuantitativo y transversal en estudiantes de una Universidad Privada de Lima – Perú. La muestra se obtuvo a través del muestreo estratificado. Participaron 110 estudiantes de las carreras de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Psicología, Estomatología y Nutrición y Dietética. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de hábitos alimentarios y el Trait Meta- Mood Scale 24 (TMMS-24) para estudiar la variable inteligencia emocional, además de un cuestionario de datos e información personal, para los criterios de exclusión. Resultados: El 60% de los estudiantes presentaba un nivel de inteligencia emocional medio, mientras que un 32,7% presenta un nivel de inteligencia emocional alto y solo un 7.3% presenta un nivel de inteligencia emocional baja. Al evaluar los hábitos alimentarios se observó que el 90% de los estudiantes universitarios tienen hábitos alimentarios adecuados, de este resultado se deduce que los estudiantes han mantenido sus hábitos alimentarios saludables durante el periodo de aislamiento social, sin embargo, al determinar la correlación se evidención que no existe correlación significativa entre estas dos variables. Conclusiones: Se demuestra que las variables inteligencia emocional y hábitos alimentarios saludables no tienen relación significativa entre ellas. Sin embargo, se halló que la edad es un cofactor importante para determinar la inteligencia emocional, ya que los estudiantes con malos hábitos alimentarios en una edad promedio de 20 años, tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar una inteligencia emocional media que una inteligencia emocional baja.
Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Torres-Ortega Jorge Antonio
Published: June 2022

Entrepreneurial intention is often considered the key determinant of business creation and the development of entrepreneurial behavior. To date, most studies on the determinants of entrepreneurial intention have collected data from undergraduate or graduate university students. In contrast, the present study addresses this issue at the secondary education level. The primary objective is to test students’ entrepreneurial intention between 16 and 18 years in Chile’s Secondary Technical-Professional Education programs. For this purpose, we applied a survey to a sample of 2373 students attending four different Technical-Professional Education Centres located in three different regions of this country. Based on the Entrepreneurial Potential Model, we tested the influence of perceived feasibility, perceived desirability, and propensity to act on students’ entrepreneurial intention. Applying a well-fitted logistic regression model shows that students with moderate risk propensity are more likely to show entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the study observed no association between perceived feasibility nor perceived desirability of a business venture with students’ entrepreneurial intention; nor was a relationship found between the propensity to act and students’ entrepreneurial intention.
Optimizing the radiation treatment planning of brain tumors by integration of Functional MRI and White Matter Tractography
Authors: Boroun Arman , Montazerabadi Alireza , Molana Seyed Hadi , Gholamhosseinian Hamid , Pashaei Fakhereh
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess whether the incorporation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data into the radiation treatment planning process of brain tumors could spare the neurological parts of the brain from high doses of radiation.Methods: In this study, the fMRI and DTI data were obtained from eight glioma patients and included in the radiation treatment plan‏. This patient-specific fMRI and DTI data were attained based on tumor location, patient's general conditions, and the importance of the functional and fiber tract areas. The functional regions, fiber tracts, anatomical organs at risk, and the tumor were contoured for radiation treatment planning. Finally, the radiation treatment planning with and without fMRI & DTI information was obtained and compared.Results: On average, the mean dose to the functional areas was reduced by 25.36%, and the maximum dose was reduced by 18.57% on fMRI & DTI plans compared with the anatomical plans In addition, 15.59% and 20.84% reductions in the mean and maximum doses of the fiber tracts were achieved, respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of using fMRI and DTI data in radiation treatment planning to maximize radiation protection of the functional cortex and fiber tracts. We also observed a significant reduction in the mean and maximum doses to these neurologically relevant brain regions. Dose reduction would reduce the neuro-cognitive complications and improve the patient's quality of life.
Brain Activity during Working Memory Tasks after Daily Caffeine Intake: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Lin Yu-Shiuan , Weibel Janine , Landolt Hans-Peter , Santini Francesco , Slawik Helen , Borgwardt Stefan , Cajochen Christian , Reichert Carolin
Published: June 2022

Caffeine has been reported to acutely increase working memory (WM)-related brain activity without a significant enhancement in performances in healthy adults. As a ritual in the society, however, the impacts of daily caffeine intake on WM-related brain activities remain unknown. This double-blind randomized crossover study aimed to investigate the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity in 20 young healthy non-smokers (age: 26.4 ± 4.0 years; body mass index: 22.7 ± 1.4 kg/m2; and self-report habitual caffeine intake: 474.1 ± 107.5 mg/day) during WM tasks (consisting high and low workloads) after 10-day caffeine intake (150 mg x 3/day) and after 36h withdrawal (9-day caffeine & 1-day placebo) compared to 10-day placebo intake (150 mg x 3/day). In caffeine condition, participants showed more errors and longer reaction times (RTs) in WM tasks, without significant changes in the workload-dependent BOLD activities. Worse WM performance remained after acute withdrawal. Furthermore, independent of workloads, BOLD activity was reduced in hippocampus in caffeine but partially mitigated in withdrawal condition. No significant differences in simple attention tasks were observed between caffeine and placebo, while withdrawal showed longer RTs than the other two. Taken together with the earlier evidence, caffeine might acutely increase the demands of cerebral metabolic activities for WM, which however could no longer be fulfilled after daily intake and results in compromised performances. The reduced hippocampal activities additionally echoed the caffeine-reduced grey matter volume previously reported. This study is funded by Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 320030 − 163058).
Impact of Women’s Knowledge, Perception and Attitude towards Cervical Cancer Screening in South West Nigeria
Authors: Owolabi Gbonjubola Oludayo , Jegede Ayodele Samuel , Kolade Oluwaseun , Oghinan Paul
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Although cancer of the cervix is a preventable disease and services associated to cervical cancer screening has proven to drastically reduce morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of women’s knowledge, perception and attitude towards Cervical Cancer Screening in South West Nigeria. There is low uptake of Cervical cancer screening (CCS) in developing countries. In the same vein, preventive services are unorganised, sporadic and often expensive. Method: This study draws from a cross-sectional survey of 117 respondents from purposively selected rural and urban locations in southwest Nigeria to investigate the impact of awareness, attitudes, risk perception and socio-economic variables on CCS uptake.Results: The results of the descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests and regression analyses show that awareness and education level are significantly associated with CCS uptake. The respondent’s level of knowledge of signs and symptoms of cervical cancer is low. Conclusion: The findings underline the importance of awareness and enlightenment campaign as a key factor to drive CCS uptake. Furthermore, health care practitioners need to be actively engaged in the design and implementation of interventions. Finally, governments need to invest resources and funding to make CCS accessible and affordable in order to reduce both morbidity and mortality.
Effects of Sweet Potato Intercropping in Banana Orchard on Soil Microbial Population Diversity
Authors: Li yanpei , Lin Jiaqi , Xiao Shixiang , Feng Dou , Deng Yingyi , xuan weiyan
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study was purposely designed to understand the effects of intercropping banana and sweet potato on soil microbial community. The research question addressed was what were the differences in population number, population diversity and dominant population of soil microorganisms between interplant bananas with sweet potatoes and banana monoculture.
Methods
The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect and analyse the population composition and structure of soil microorganisms in banana field.
Results
The results showed that from May to September, the number of soil bacterial population in intercropping sweet potato was 5.54–28.67% higher than that in monoculture, and the richness and diversity of the population were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in monoculture. The number of dominant bacterial population was less than that in monoculture, and the relative abundance of non dominant population was 10.58–58.81% higher than that in monoculture. The number, abundance and diversity of soil fungal populations in intercropping were higher than those in monoculture.
Conclusions
The intercropping of banana and sweet potato has a significant effect on regulating the composition structure of soil microbial population and improving the abundance and diversity of microbial population. There has a great significance to improve the micro ecological environment of banana root soil and promote the stable and sustainable development of banana industry.
Fitness-for-purpose of the CanMEDS competencies for workplace-based assessment in General Practitioner’s Training: a Delphi study
Authors: Andreou Vasiliki , Peters Sanne , Eggermont Jan , Embo Mieke , Michels Nele R. , Schoenmakers Birgitte
Published: June 2022

Background
In view of the exponential use of the CanMEDS framework along with the lack of rigorous evidence about its applicability in workplace-based medical trainings, further exploring is necessary before accepting the framework as valid and reliable competency outcomes for postgraduate medical trainings. Therefore, this study investigated whether the CanMEDS key competencies could be used as outcome measures for assessing trainees’ competence and for supporting competency growth across training phases in a workplace-based General Practitioner’s (GP) Training setting.
Methods
A web-based Delphi study was employed to collect validity evidence. In three Delphi rounds, a panel of experts (n = 25–43) was asked to rate on a 5-point Likert scale whether the CanMEDS key competencies were feasible for workplace-based assessment, and consistent for assessment across different training phases. Comments on each CanMEDS key competency were encouraged. Descriptive statistics of the ratings were calculated, while content analysis was used to categorise panellists’ comments.
Results
Out of twenty-seven CanMEDS key competencies, 21 were scored as feasible, and 16 as consistent across training phases for assessment in the workplace. All the key competencies under the “Medical Expert”, “Communicator”, and “Collaborator” roles reached consensus for feasibility of assessment. The panel also agreed on one out of four key competencies under the role “Leader”, one out of two competencies under the role “Health Advocate”, three out of four competencies under the role “Scholar”, and three out of four competencies for the role “Professional”. Regarding consistency of assessment in the workplace, consensus was achieved for four out of five competencies under “Medical Expert”, three out of five competencies under “Communicator”, two out of three competencies under “Collaborator”, one competency out of two under “Health Advocate”, three out of four competencies under “Scholar”, three out of four competencies under “Professional”. No competency under the role “Leader” deemed to be consistently assessed across training phases.
Conclusions
The findings indicate a mismatch between the initial intent of the CanMEDS framework and its applicability in the context of workplace-based assessment. Although the CanMEDS framework could offer starting points, further contextualization of the framework is required before implementing in postgraduate medical trainings.
Impacts of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa and patient pathways in European countries: results from the cross-sectional EXPLORE XLRP-1 physician survey
Authors: Pungor Katalin , Lee Jennifer , Denee Tom , Kambarov Yerkebulan , Nissinen Riikka , Ampeh Kevin , Pellegrini Marco , Parmeggiani Francesco
Published: June 2022

Retina specialists (n = 20) and geneticists (n = 5) in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom were interviewed to provide insights on real-world patients (n = 80) with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP). Survey respondents reported that their patients with XLRP often required assistance as their independence decreased over time, from 37% being “completely autonomous” at diagnosis (2% were “completely dependent” on family/friends), to 23% at their most recent consultation (10% were “completely dependent”). At their last visit, 45% of patients were active in the workforce. Workforce participation was related to independence/autonomy; 67% of “completely autonomous” patients were active, compared with 13% of “completely dependent” patients. The pathways by which patients with XLRP in these five countries visit retina specialists and geneticists are complex, lengthy, and vary considerably by country. Physicians reported high usage of genetic testing to confirm XLRP diagnosis (77.5%); however, long waiting times for test results account for incomplete uptake, especially among older patients. Teleconsultations and remote management have emerged as potential solutions for monitoring patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physicians report that unmet needs in XLRP management include more standardized assessment of quality of life; easier and earlier access to specialists, genetic testing, patient support programs, and effective treatment options.
Expression of hub genes of endothelial cells in glioblastoma-A prognostic model for GBM patients integrating single cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing
Authors: Zhao SongYun , Ji Wei , Shen YiFan , Fan YuanSheng , Huang Jin , Huang Hui , Cheng Chao , Shao Junfei
Published: June 2022

Background：Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common malignancies in the world and many studies have used traditional high-throughput RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) data to explore its potential prognostic markers. However, it is unable to detect specific cellular and molecular changes in tumour cells. The aim of this study was to use single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) to discover marker genes in endothelial cells and to construct a prognostic model for GBM patients in combination with traditional RNA-seq data.Methods：Bulk RNA-seq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The China Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. 10x scRNA-seq data for GBM were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) was used for downscaling and cluster identification. Key modules and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Non-negative matrix decomposition (NMF) algorithm was used to identify different subtypes based on DEGS. And Cox regression analysis was used to build prognostic models. Finally, differences in mutational landscape, immune cell abundance, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-associated genes, immunotherapy effects and enriched pathways were also investigated between different risk groups.RESULT：The analysis of scRNA-seq data from eight samples revealed 13 clusters and four cell types. After applying differential analysis, endothelial cells were identified as the most important significant cell type. In addition, we explored potential neoangiogenic pathways in GBM after controlling for phenotypic differences between GBM and normal brain tissue ECs at the single cell level. Overall, through differential analysis, WGCNA and screening of endothelial cell marker genes, we identified 157 DEGs for the construction of prognostic models. In addition, based on DEGs,the NMF algorithm identified two clusters with different prognostic and immunological features observed. We finally built a prognostic model based on the expression levels of four of these key genes. Higher risk scores were significantly associated with poorer survival outcomes and were associated with low mutation rates in IDH genes and upregulation of immune checkpoints such as PD-L1 and CD276. The CGGA cohort served as an external validation cohort for our findings.Conclusion：We built and validated a 4-gene signature for GBM using 10 scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data in this work. We believe our findings will provide greater insight into the characteristics of ECs in GBM and provide potential prognostic biomarkers to design rational treatment plans.
Potential significance of Nrf2-ROS-MMP-9 axis in blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier dysfunction induced by lanthanum chloride
Authors: Zhang Lijin , Sun Jing , Yan Licheng , Li Shuang , Wang Weixuan , Wu Lei , He Bin , Zhang Yanshu
Published: June 2022

Lanthanum (La) can cause brain barrier injured and lead to the cognitive impairment. Yet, fewer research about La induced the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) dysfunction. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key regulator of the cellular antioxidant defense system in preventing the exogenous chemicals associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is proteases that degrades the extracellular matrix as well as tight junctions between choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) and have been implicated in BCSFB in neurodegenerative diseases. This study was aimed to explore the significance of Nrf2-ROS-MMP9 axis in BCSFB dysfunction induced by lanthanum chloride (LaCl3). Z310 cells, rat choroid plexus epithelial cells were treated with 0 mM, 0.125 mM, 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM LaCl3 for 24 h respectively, and meanwhile cotreated with tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ). LaCl3 decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of BCSFB model in vitro, caused reduction of Z310 cells survival rate and elevation of necrosis rate, which closely related to the overproduction of ROS in cells. More intriguingly, Nrf2 pathway downregulated caused by LaCl3 given rise to improving the activation of MMP9 following excessive degradation tight junction proteins including occludin, zonula occludens-1/2, etc. in Z310 cells. But the expression of MMP9 can be alleviated possibly by tBHQ through upregulating Nrf2 pathway. Consequently, this study highlighted an innovative perspective that Nrf2-ROS-MMP-9 axis was likely the potential mechanism of La led to the BCSFB dysfunction.
Development of an immune-related gene prognostic risk model and identification of an Immune infiltration signature in the tumor microenvironment of colon cancer
Authors: Hao MengDi , Li HuiMin , Yi Meng , Wang Kun , Liu Yin , Liang XiaoQing , Ding Lei
Published: June 2022

Background: Colon cancer is a common and highly malignant tumor. Its incidence is increasing rapidly with poor prognosis. At present, immunotherapy is a rapidly developing treatment for colon cancer. The aim of this study was to construct a prognostic risk model based on immune genes for early diagnosis and accurate prognostic prediction of colon cancer.Results: A total of 477 DE immune genes (180 up-regulated and 297 down-regulated) were detected. We developed and validated twelve immune gene models for colon cancer, including SLC10A2, FABP4, FGF2, CCL28, IGKV1-6, IGLV6-57, ESM1, UCN, UTS2, VIP, IL1RL2, NGFR. The model was proved to be an independent prognostic variable with good prognostic ability. A total of 68 DE TFs (40 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated) were obtained. The regulation network between TF and immune genes was plotted by using TF as source node and immune genes as target node. In addition, Macrophage, Myeloid Dendritic cell and CD4+ T cell increased with the increase of risk score.Conclusions: We developed and validated twelve immune gene models for colon cancer, including SLC10A2, FABP4, FGF2, CCL28, IGKV1-6, IGLV6-57, ESM1, UCN, UTS2, VIP, IL1RL2, NGFR. This model can be used as a tool variable to predict the prognosis of colon cancer.
Evidence for Vestibular Sensory Reweighting and Improvement in Dynamic Posturography after Computerized Vestibular Retraining for Stable Unilateral Vestibular Deficit
Authors: David Eytan A. , Shahnaz Navid
Published: June 2022

Balance deficits increase the risk of falls and compromise quality of life. This single group, interventional study assesses a computerized vestibular retraining protocol in patients with objectively determined unilateral peripheral vestibular deficits. Participants received twelve twice-weekly sessions of vestibular retraining guided by an interactive display. Objective posturography tests and questionnaires were administered before and after retraining. We enrolled 13 participants (5 females and 8 males) with a median age of 51 years (range 18 to 67). After retraining, the median change in sensory organization test (SOT) composite scores was 8.8 (95% CI, 0.6 to 19.1). The SOT visual (median change of 0.12 [-0.09 to 0.30]) and vestibular (0.10 [-0.06 to 0.25]) ratios improved but there was no change in the somatosensory or visual preference ratios. Participants with moderate-to-severe disability at baseline (n=7), as measured by Dizziness Handicap Inventory, had a larger magnitude of improvement (SOT composite 14.6 [7.0 to 36.9]; visual ratio 0.16 [0.09 to 0.39]; vestibular ratio 0.12 [0.08 to 0.28]). We found that computerized vestibular retraining is associated with improvement in dynamic balance performance for individuals with stable unilateral vestibular deficits, consistent with sensory substitution to vestibular organs. Posturography improvements correlated with reduced perceived fall risk. Clinicaltrials.gov registration NCT04875013; 06/05/2021
Preparation of ultra-flame retardant wood materials with mechanical reinforcement and water resistance through biomimetic mineralization of carbonated apatite
Authors: Meng Dan , Wang Kaihao , Wang Shuheng , Qiu Yong , Gu Xiaoyu , Sun Jun , Li Hongfei , Zhang Sheng
Published: June 2022

The preparation of wood products with mechanical reinforcement, flame retardancy, and water resistance is still a problem to be solved. In this work, carbonated apatite (CAp) was biomimetically mineralized in wood vessel by the method of gradient impregnation. The CAp@wood75G sample with the weight gain of 75% showed the greatest bending strength due to the formation of organic-inorganic composites. With the high bending strength, the CAp@wood75G sample exhibited elevated limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 60.4% and passed the UL-94 V-0. In cone calorimetry, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release for CAp@wood75G sample were lessened by 68.2% and 53.1% respectively, compared with that of natural wood sample. Furthermore, the LOI of CAp@wood75G was still as high as 38.4% with V-0 rating after immersed in water for 24 h. Furthermore, the flame retardant mechanism was explored and generalized. The CAp was decomposed to produced CO2 and H2O to dilute the combustible gases in the air, and catalyzed wood to form the barrier of heat and oxygen during burning. Moreover, CAp produced inorganic salts which played the protective layer role. To conclude, this efficient processing method by bioinspired mineralization was eco-friendly and effective.
Evaluation of a novel fully automated and ELISA- based assays for detecting anti- SARS- CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Zedan Hadeel T. , Yassine Hadi M. , Al-Sadeq Duaa W. , Liu Na , Qotba Hamda , Nicolai Eleonora , Pieri Massimo , Bernardini Sergio , Abu-Raddad Laith J. , Nasrallah Gheyath K.
Published: June 2022

Background: Rapid and accurate measurement of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2)-specific neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) is paramount for monitoring immunity in infected and vaccinated subjects. The current gold standard relies on pseudovirus neutralization tests which require sophisticated skills and facilities. Alternatively, recent competitive immunoassays measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs are proposed as a quick and commercially available surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). Here, we report the performance evaluation of three sVNTs, including two ELISA-based assays and a novel automated bead-based immunoassay for detecting nAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Method: The performance of three sVNTs, including GenScript cPass, Dynamiker, and Mindray NTAb was assessed in samples collected from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients (n=160), COVID-19 vaccinated individuals (n=163), and pre-pandemic controls (n=70). Samples were collected from infected patients and vaccinated individuals 2-24 weeks after symptoms onset or second dose administration. Correlation analysis with pseudovirus neutralization test (pVNT) and immunoassays detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies was performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was generated to assess the optimal threshold for detecting nAbs by each assay. Results: All three sVNTs showed an excellent performance in terms of specificity (100%) and sensitivity (100%, 97.0%, and 97.1% for GenScript, Dynamiker, and Mindray, respectively) in samples collected from vaccinated subjects. GenScript demonstrated the strongest correlation with pVNT (r=0.743, R2=0.552), followed by Mindray (r=0.718, R2=0.515) and Dynamiker (r=0.608, R2=0.369). Correlation with anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies was variable, but the strongest correlations were observed between anti-RBD IgG antibodies and Mindray (r=0.952, R2=0.907). ROC curve analyses demonstrated excellent performance for all three sVNT assays in both groups, with an AUC ranging between 0.99 and 1.0 (p <0.0001). Also, it was shown that the manufacturer’s recommended cutoff values could be modified based on the tested cohort without significantly affecting the sVNT performance.Conclusion: The sVNT provides a rapid, low-cost, and scalable alternative to conventional neutralization assays for measuring and expanding nAbs testing across a wide range of research and clinical settings. Also, it could aid in evaluating actual protective immunity at the population level and assessing vaccine effectiveness to lay a foundation for boosters’ requirements.
Viral Load Rebound in Placebo and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Treated COVID-19 Patients is not Associated with Recurrence of Severe Disease or Mutations
Authors: Soares Holly , Baniecki Mary Lynn , Cardin Rhonda , Leister-Tebbe Heidi , Zhu Yuao , Guan Shunjie , Hyde Craig , He Wen , Wang Zhenyu , Hao Li , Perrin B. Scott , Bao Weihang , Chan Phylinda , Damle Bharat , Menon Sandeep , Hammond Jennifer , Anderson Annaliesa
Published: June 2022

Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was developed for the treatment of COVID-19 and has shown efficacy in a Phase 2/3 study of high risk patients (EPIC-HR1). Monitoring for the emergence of viral resistance and recurrence of symptoms is a critical component of any antiviral drug development. As part of the study of viral resistance, a sub-analysis was conducted to examine viral load rebound (VLR) following nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment in the EPIC-HR study. Nasopharyngeal or nasal swabs were collected from all study participants at Day 1, Day 3, Day 5, Day 10, and Day 14, and analyzed for viral RNA load and next generation viral sequencing. Two categories of viral load rebound were considered including present/persistent and transient. In EPIC-HR, the proportion of present/persistent VLR was low, occurring at 1.73% (17/980) vs 2.32% (23/990) and for transient VLR 2.35% (23/980) vs 4.65% (46/990) in placebo vs nirmatrelvir-ritonavir participants, respectively. VLR occurred in both treatment arms and was not associated with low nirmatrelvir exposure, hospitalization or death, severe symptom relapse, serological status, or Mpro gene/cleavage treatment emergent mutations. In summary, viral load rebounds are likely a phenomena COVID-19 disease course and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir continue to be an important treatment option for high risk COVID-19 patients.
Studies in Gyromitra II: Cryptic speciation in the Gyromitra gigas species complex; rediscovery of G. ussuriensis and G. americanigigas sp. nov.
Authors: Miller Andrew N. , Dirks Alden C. , Filippova Nina , Popov Eugene , Methven Andrew S.
Published: June 2022

Taxa in the Gyromitra gigas species complex were previously studied and their taxonomy resolved. During ongoing studies in this group, cryptic speciation was discovered in G. gigas. Sequences of the ITS and LSU regions from 75 specimens were included in maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses to establish species boundaries and resolve species relationships. Sequence similarity comparisons were also conducted between the two ribosomal markers and between the ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Gyromitra gigas sensu stricto and two additional species were discovered within the G. gigas clade. Gyromitra ussuriensis was rediscovered as a distinct taxon and removed from synonymy under G. gigas. It occurs in central and eastern Asia, whereas G. gigas occurs mostly in Europe but also extends into central Asia. A neotype is designated for G. ussuriensis. A new species, Gyromitra americanigigas, is described and illustrated from eastern North America. Although morphology and the LSU exhibited little variation among the three species, the ITS1 and ITS2 regions displayed similar interspecific sequence variability around 0.5–1%, which is sufficient for species identification at the molecular level.
Experimental study of the influence of swing grinding parameters on machining surface quality of large-width Cam
Authors: Sun Li , Dong Baojiang , Lu Jie , Zhou Honggen , Chen Jianzhi , Li Guochao
Published: June 2022

Large-width Cam has been widely used in high-power marine diesel engines, due to its well strength, wear-resisting, and service life. Unlike the traditional cam, the large-width Cam must be ground by swing grinding process to avoid grinding defects caused by high machining temperature. As the influence of swing grinding parameters on machining surface quality has not been clearly clarified, experimental study was discussed in the paper. The orthogonal experiment was designed and based on which the residual stress, surface roughness and hardness were analyzed. The results showed that, the grinding depth and the cam speed, have a relatively great influence on the residual stress compared with grinding wheel swing frequency and swing amplitude. The grinding wheel frequency has the greatest influence on the hardness of the cam surface and the increment of it will increase the hardness of the Cam.
Microbiostratigraphy of Miocene Guri Member of Mishan Formation in the Bandar Abbas area, SE Zagros, Iran
Authors: Gholamalian Hossein , Rameshgar Reyhaneh , Sharif-Abad Fatemeh Lotfi , Azizi Mahsa
Published: June 2022

Three sections of Guri Member of Mishan Formation in the Bandar Abbas area are investigated for foraminifer biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphic correlation. The base of Guri Member conformably overlies Gachsaran and\or Razak Formation, the top overlain by marly member. Thirty four foraminifer species are identified and prove the age of Burdigalian for Guri Member in the Gery Sheikh and Anguran sections and Burdigalian – Langhan range in the Bāz section. Two assemblage zones are recognized based on distribution range of species. Correlation to other sections shows the eastward marine progression and age change from the Burdigalian in the west to Burdigalian – Langhian in the east of Bandar Abbas area.
Resting-state EEG functional networks organization and individual differences in the task-unrelated thoughts: Greater Mind-Wanderers exhibit weaker default mode network integration
Authors: Krukow Paweł , Jonak Kamil
Published: June 2022

When performing cognitively demanding tasks, we all sometimes experience a momentary distractions or our stream of consciousness is intercepted by personal associations. This phenomenon is called Mind Wandering (MW) and it became a subject of neuroscientific investigations. Off-task thoughts can be analyzed during task performance, but currently MW is also understood as a dimension of individual differences in cognitive processing. We wanted to recognize the intrinsically-organized functional networks which could be considered as the neuronal basis for the MW dispositional variability. To achieve this goal we have recruited a group of normal adults, the group was eventually divided in half on the basis of participants scores on the scale measuring dispositional MW. Next, these groups were compared regarding arrangement of preselected intrinsic functional networks which were reconstructed on the basis of multi-channel signal-source resting-state EEG. It appeared that subjects who tend to mind wander often exhibited decreased synchronization within the default mode network, and simultaneously strengthened connectivity between ‘on-task’ networks of diverse functional specificity. Such within- and between networks integrity patterns might suggest that greater Mind Wanderers have atypical organization of resting-state brain activity which may translate into attenuated resources needed to maintain attentional control in task-related conditions.
A research method to improve the quality of box-type thin-walled parts by combining parameter optimization and i nverse-deformation design
Authors: Zhai Haorui , Chang Ying , Li Xiaodong , Xiong Xin , Zhu Wuwei , Li Chuqing , Wang Yongqing
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a five-part study on the molding quality of box-type thin-walled injection molded parts with volume shrinkage and warpage deformation was conducted. In the first part, the molding parameters: filling time, plastic temperature, mold temperature (C), holding time (D), maximum holding pressure (E), and cooling time (F) were selected, and a six-factor, five-level L25 (5 6 ) orthogonal experimental design (OED) was designed. Then, the optimal combination of molding parameters was optimized by using gray correlation (GC) theory analysis. In the second part, the six molding parameters from the first part were further optimized based on the Box Behnken Design (BBD) response surface method (RSM) and BP neural network (BPNN) training, and the results showed that the fitted regression model after BPNN training had a smaller prediction error. In the third part, the regression models fitted with BBD and BPNN-BBD are further optimized globally. The optimization search method uses the NSGA-II genetic optimization algorithm. And comparing the above four optimization methods found that BPNN-BBD-NSGA-II prediction error < BPNN-BBD prediction error < BBD-NSGA-II prediction error < BBD prediction error. The fourth part is based on the anti-deformation design (ADD) theory. The NX/Moldex3D global optimization platform is created to finally almost completely eliminate warpage deformation of box-type thin-walled injection molded parts. In the last part, a trial mold verification analysis was performed, and the molding quality data was obtained by using optical scanning instruments, and the GOM software was used to compare and analyze the deviation values of each appearance surface and the flatness values.
Applying the CRISPR-Cas9 system to targeted transgene integration in the development of recombinant lepidopteran insect cells
Authors: Matsuda Takuya , Togami Shinya , Masumi-Koizumi Kyoko , Kahar Prihardi , Katsuda Tomohisa , Yamaji Hideki
Published: June 2022

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system is a widely used genome editing tool, but its application for the development of stably transformed lepidopteran insect cells for recombinant protein production has been limited. In the present study, we applied the CRISPR-Cas9 system to the targeted transgene knock-in to efficiently develop recombinant insect cells. A double-strand break (DSB) in a target site of the genome of Trichoplusia ni BTI-TN-5B1-4 (High Five) cells was detected by T7 endonuclease assay after the cells were transfected with a plasmid for genome editing by employing a U6-4 promoter derived from T. ni to drive guide RNA (gRNA). Genomic DNA analysis via PCR confirmed the integration of a transgene into a target site of the High Five cell genome. The length of the homology arm affected the genome editing efficiency, and the use of a 500-bp version proved to be optimal. Via the co-transfection of High Five cells with gRNA-Cas9 plasmid and a donor vector harboring a reporter gene and the neomycin resistance gene, 21 clones of stably transformed cells were established. In 19 of those clones a site-specific knock-in of the reporter gene at the target site was confirmed, which indicates that an exogenous gene can be efficiently integrated into a target site of the High Five cell genome via the CRISPR-Cas9 system, though transcriptional hot spots in the genome should be identified to establish highly productive recombinant cells.
Study on development height of water flowing fractured zone in shallow thick coal seam mining of Daheng Coal Mine
Authors: Chang Xikun , Wang Mingguo , Zhu Wei , Fan Jinmeng
Published: June 2022

The height of water flowing fractured zone is a key parameter to implement water-retaining mining technology. In order to study the development height of water flowing fractured zone in shallow thick coal seam mining in ecologically fragile areas of western China, taking 91105 working face of Daheng Coal Mine as the research object, the height of water flowing fractured zone is comprehensively determined by empirical formula, rock tensile rate formula, field test and numerical simulation. The results show that the formula calculation and numerical simulation both are close to the measured results, the upward slant hole observing method is reliable for the height observation of water flowing fractured zone. The maximum height of water flowing fractured zone is 53.62 m, the fracture production ratio is 12.32, and the development form is ' saddle '. Compared with the empirical formula, the calculation results of rock tensile rate formula are closer to the measured results, which improves the prediction accuracy of water flowing fractured zone height. It shows the feasibility of water flowing fractured zone height calculation based on rock tensile rate, and provides a new idea for water flowing fractured zone height prediction. Based on the geological conditions of 91105 working face, the numerical simulation analysis shows that the development of water flowing fractured zone undergoes three stages of slow increase, sudden increase and stability. The research results can provide guidance for the implementation of water-preserved coal mining and ecological environment protection in thick coal seams in ecologically fragile areas in the west.
Potential effects of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 on the immunity and prognosis of neuroblastoma
Authors: Ma Yingxuan , Lu Li , Li Zhi , Xu Weijue , Liu Jiangbin , Guo Ting , Wu Yibo , Tan Kezhe , Wu Wei , Zheng Lulu , Fan Feilong , Gong Zhenhua , Lv Zhibao
Published: June 2022

Objective: The present study utilized bioinformatics techniques and data from the GEO, TARGET, and ArrayExpress databases to compare gene expression in INSS4 and INSS1 neuroblastomas (NBs), thereby identifying metabolites with different levels of expression and predicting the prognosis of patients with NB.METHODS: Genes of patients with INSS4 and INSS1 NBs from the GEO database were screened, with those having | log2fold change (FC) | >3 and adjusted P <0.05 defined as being differentially expressed. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened to obtain clinical data and RNA sequence datasets from NB patients in the TARGET database. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified prognosis-related genes, which were incorporated into a prognosis model. Based on median risk scores, these patients were divided into high and low-risk groups. Their survival rates were compared, and ROC curves were used to analyze predictive values for NB. NB patients were also divided into two clusters by consensus clustering based on levels of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 expression. Immune infiltration analyses were performed using GSEA, ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA. Tumor tissue of 17 NB patients was used for experimental verification and their survival was compared.Result: Analysis of three datasets identified 62 up-regulated genes and 163 down-regulated genes. The prognostic model predicted that the areas under the 3-year and 5-year survival curves were 0.786 and 0.817, respectively. Levels of expression of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 accounted for the highest percentage of risk scores and were included in follow-up analysis. Samples were consistently clustered according to their expression matrix. POLR2H was more highly expressed in cluster 2, whereas DYNC1I2 was more highly expressed in cluster 1. The survival rate of cluster 1 was significantly higher than that of cluster 2. Experimental verification in 17 NB patients showed that these patients could also be divided into two groups, which differed significantly in mortality hazard ratio (HR 9.37 P<0.05).Conclusion: The expression of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 affects the immune microenvironment of NB and can affect patient prognosis. These factors can be used to refine clinical groupings, guide personalized treatment, and suggest new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of NB.
Clinical diagnosis for Chikungunya infection: An essential aid in a primary care setting where serological confirmation is not available
Authors: Rueda Juan C. , Peláez-Ballestas Ingris , Angarita Jose-Ignacio , Santos Ana M. , Pinzon Carlos , Saldarriaga Eugenia-Lucia , Rueda Jorge M. , Forero Elias , Saaibi Diego L. , Pavía Paula X. , Mantilla Marta Juliana , Rodríguez-Salas Gustavo , Santacruz Juan Camilo , Rueda Igor , Cardiel Mario H. , Londono John
Published: June 2022

Background
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) diagnosis have become a challenge for primary care physicians in areas where zika virus and/or dengue virus are present. Case definitions for the three arboviral infections are overlapping.
Method
A cross-sectional analysis was carried out. A bivariate analysis was made using confirmed CHIKV infection as the outcome. Variables with significant statistical association were included in an agreement consensus. Agreed variables were analysed in multiple regression model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to determine a cut-off value and performance.
Results
295 patients with confirmed CHIKV infection were included. A screening tool was made using symmetric arthritis (4 points), fatigue (3 points), rash (2 points) and ankle joint pain (1 point). The ROC curve identified a cut-off value and a score ≥ 5.5 was considered positive to identify CHIKV patients with a sensibility of 64.4% and a specificity of 87.4%, positive predictive value of 85.5%, negative predictive value of 67.7%, area under the curve of 0.72, and an accuracy of 75%.
Conclusion
We developed a screening tool for CHIKV diagnosis using only clinical symptoms as well as proposed an algorithm to aid the primary care physician.
Improving the quality of the delivery of nutritional care among children with cancer undergoing treatment in Central America
Authors: Damasco-Avila Erika , Sagastizado Stephany Zelaya , Carrillo María , Blanco Jessica , Fu Ligia , Espinoza Darrell , Ladas Elena J.
Published: June 2022

Purpose
International twinning programs have been well-established between institutions in childhood cancer; and have led to pediatric cancer units in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) adopting multidisciplinary forms of care. To advance nutritional care in LMICs, The International Initiative for Pediatrics and Nutrition (IIPAN) provided the structural framework and personnel for the delivery of nutritional care. We describe the impact of a newly established nutrition program on the delivery of nutritional care and nutrition-related clinical outcomes in children and adolescents undergoing treatment for cancer in Nicaragua and Honduras.
Methods
A prospective cohort (N = 126) collected clinical data over a two-year period. Collection of IIPAN’s nutritional services received during treatment, and clinical data were abstracted from medical charts and registered in REDCap database. Chi-square, ANOVA, and generalized linear mixed models were employed; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Nutritional assessments led to a higher number of patients receiving recommended standard of care. Children classified as underweight during treatment, presented higher number of infections and toxicities, LOS and days of treatment delays during treatment. Overall, from the start to end of treatment, 32.5% of patients improved nutritional status, 35.7% maintained it and 17.5% worsened. Based in metrics, costs per consultation was under 4.80USD (Honduras) and 1.60USD (Nicaragua).
Conclusion
Integration and equitable access of the nutritional care process for all patients needs to be recognized as a component of the basic management in pediatric oncology care. IIPAN´s nutritional program demonstrates that nutritional care is economical and feasible in a limited resource setting.
Impacts of Climate Change on Irrigation Water Requirement for the Major Grown Crop Production: a Case of Didesa Sub-Basin, Nile Basin of Ethiopia
Authors: Wakjira Chala
Published: June 2022

Natural and man-made activities in the sub-basin have influenced the climate change and induced the hydrology of the watershed. Changes in climate could affect metrological parameters, and thus the available water resource and which directly lead to changes in irrigation water requirement in agriculture. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the current and future crop water use of major crops grown under climate change scenarios in the Didesa sub basin. For this study, daily metrological data such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours, and humidity and precipitation data were used. Crop and cropping pattern data were used for the study area. Future climate data predicted for the periods 2025, 2055 and 2085 considering both the A2 and B2 scenarios using GCM HadCM3. Crop evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using mean monthly climate and rainfall data with help of the CROPWAT 8.0. The crop water requirement (CWR) was determined for each crop in the project area of the study area for the baseline period (2020) and downscaled climate data. Crop water use of tomato crops increased from 1.2% and 1.4 % for H3B2 and H3A2 scenarios, respectively at 2085s. Similarly, sugarcane water requirement increased from 1.5% to 1.8% for H3B2 and H3A2 scenarios, respectively at 2085s. This increasing crop water requirement results in the crop water stress during scenario periods. Therefore, to solve water shortages, alternative sources of water supply such as ground water and water harvesting technologies should be studied and integrated water management systems should be implemented. In addition, to improve the efficiency of irrigation water, different irrigation methods such as drip irrigation should be improved in areas that have implication for driving climate change resilience as early warning.