bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral health impact on competitive sport practice. Literature review
Authors: Flores Giovanni
Published: October 2018

The high standards of performance required by a professional athlete can only be achieved by a totally healthy individual, so that oral health becomes very important. The aim of this article is to describe the relationship between oral health and sports performance and the role that sports dentistry plays in improving it. Food changes, characterized by high carbohydrate consumption, qualitative and quantitative variations of saliva, as well as the need to improve oral hygiene are all aspects to be considered by professional and amateur athletes. Sports Dentistry is the specialty responsible for the study, revision, control, prevention and treatment of orofacial injuries with their manifestations and related diseases, for maintenance of oral health in the athlete, as well as, the dissemination and information of new knowledge related to oral health and sport, applied in the world of sports competition, both amateur and professional, as the study of non-dental injuries that occur during a dentofacial trauma. In the case of professional teams it is recommended that the oral examination be performed before the beginning of the season, as well as periodic monitoring by the dentist which is important to prevent, the appearance of decay, periodontal disease, trauma and other dental pathologies that may interfere with the health and performance of professional athletes.
Association of dyslalias and dentomaxillary anomalies in children. Review of the literature.
Authors: Carrasco Waleska , García Paulina , Sauré Michelle
Published: October 2018

It is common to find children with problems to communicate and this can be the product of a speech disorder, which corresponds to an alteration that involves the pronunciation or production of sounds. The most frequent speech disorder among school children is dislalias, with a prevalence of 70%. The malocclusions occupy the third place of prevalence within oral health problems, after dental caries and periodontal disease. Latin America has a worrying situation in this regard, with high levels of incidence and prevalence of malocclusions that exceed 85% of the population. The aim of this study is to review the existing association between dentomaxillary anomalies and dyslalias in children described in the literature for children and adolescents. In general terms, there are few studies that have evaluated this association. There is a positive association between the presence of dentomaxillary anomalies and the presence of dyslalias. Despite the above, there are few studies that have evaluated this association, so it is necessary to conduct more studies in this area.
Impact of social determinants on tooth loss. Bibliographic review
Authors: Aguilar Valeria , Araya Milena , Klahn Blanca
Published: October 2018

In Chile, dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic oral diseases along with gingival, periodontal diseases and dentomaxillary anomalies. Chronic diseases represent the bulk of Chile’s health burden. These diseases are associated with habits that are usually acquired early in childhood or adolescence and that are also associated with a complex and multiple network of determinants. The social determinants of health are defined as the social conditions in which people live and they work, and they influence positively or negatively on health. Social determinants intervene markedly in oral health, where people with fewer resources and lower educational level have more pathologies and less access to treatments. The empirical evidence analyzed provides useful information to consider that the Social Determinants of Health have a great influence on the health of the individuals, however, there are few investigations that directly relate the loss of dental pieces with these determinants. The objective of this article is to review the association between tooth loss and the social determinants of health.
Bilateral Severe Vitritis, an intraocular recurrence of B cell lymphoma: A case report.
Authors: Chen Ming , Drouilhet John
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To report a case of bilateral vitritis originated from Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. Diagnosis was made from a careful history taking and confirmed with vitrectomy. Case report: 65-year-old Vietnamese male had one month of progressive blurred vision in both eyes without other eye complaint. History revealed that about one year previously, he was diagnosed with primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma. He was treated with chemotherapy of Methotrexate 3.5 g/m2 and cytarabine 2 mg/m2, and a whole brain radiation therapy. There was a complete remission after the therapy. Fundus of both eyes was partly obscured by cells mainly in the posterior vitreous. Sequential bilateral vitrectomies were done on 5/1/17 and 7/17/17 without complication. The vitreous sample from the first eye having vitrectomy was sent for study which demonstrated large B cell lymphoma. Post-operative vision improved to 20/25 both eye without the complaint of hazy vision. Conclusion: Good history taking assisted in the diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma in this case with bilateral vitritis. However, bilateral vitrectomy restored the vision and further confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoma for future follow up care.
Assessment of Nephrotoxicity and Histopathological Lesions of Albino Rats Exposure to DD-Force and Baygon Insecticides.
Authors: Nwankwo Victor , Uraku Anayo , Famurewa Ademola , Uraku Oluchi
Published: October 2018

Although studies suggest adverse effects of pesticides, human exposure to insecticides in homes is increasing and reports on their health effects are limited. The study investigated nephrotoxic effects of organo phosphate and carbamate insecticides, DD-Force and Baygon, in albino rats. Forty-five albino rats divided into groups were exposed to DD-Force (dichlorvos) or Baygon (propoxur) indoor insecticidein wooden boxes in separate exposure duration of 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours/day for 14 consecutive days. Serum and kidney tissue obtained after sacrifice were used to determine markers of renal damage and histopathological analysis, respectively. Exposure of rats to the insecticides showed duration-dependent significant increases (p<0.05) in serum levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine compared to control. However, rats exposed to DD-Force insecticide induced significantly higher levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine compared to Baygon (p<0.05). Histopathological lesions were observed in rats exposed to the insecticides, particularly in the exposure duration of 3 or 4 hours/day. These findings suggest that acute exposure to DD-Force and Baygonis nephrotoxic and may induce renal damage in rats.
Estimation of dental age in panoramic radiographs in children and adoloescents from 7-17 years through Demirjian method, Cuenca – Ecuador.
Authors: Molina Magdalena , Verdugo Verónica , Romero Valeria , Fuentes Arturo
Published: October 2018

Age is an indicator of dental somatic maturation, of clinical importance in dentistry for planning the treatment of growing patients. The Demirjian method is the most widely disseminated to estimate dental age. With this method, numerous studies have been carried out in different ethnic groups, analyzing European, Asian and American children, among others. These results suggest possible differences in dental maturation patterns between different populations. The aim of the present study was to correlate the dental age, using the Demirjian method, with the chronological age according to gender in a group of children who attended the Radiological Center “Innova” located in Cuenca-Ecuador in the period 2012 - 2014, This study was descriptive, retrospective and analytical, in which a sample stratified by age and gender was selected, including 362 radiographs, of which 205 are female and 157 male. An inter-class correlation coefficient was obtained, as a measure of correlation between dental and chronological age, of 0.830 in the female gender and 0.801 in the male gender. In general, Demirjian’s method tended to underestimate dental age in girls and boys in a similar way. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present work do not coincide with many places in the world, that is, the dental age in this group was slightly lower in both girls and boys than the original Franco - Canadian sample. The obtained range of dental age is not similar to the chronological age but the degree of correlation between both is adequate to apply in our population, presenting itself in the same way according to gender, so a standard table for the population was elaborated Cuencana. We consider that the Demirjian method is applicable to this sample of children using the database proposed in the present investigation.
Virtual reality devices for the evaluation and improvement of the postulate balance in older adults. State of art.
Authors: Cartes-Velásquez Juan
Published: October 2018

The cognitive processes and the motor system of the human being begin to deteriorate progressively with age, so that the postural actions that are executed to maintain balance become ineffective. Virtual reality can be effectively implemented as a method of diagnosis, training and rehabilitation of older adults. Recent literature shows that dynamic posturography can detect and classify the risk of falling. On the other hand, the use of wearable sensors allows to enrich the training based on virtual reality, being the most used console, the Nintendo Wii. The improvements achieved through virtual training are significant and similar to those obtained through conventional exercises. In addition, the implementation of virtual training increases adherence to treatment, but the effectiveness of training lies in the choice of the correct protocols. Maintaining the improvements will depend on the cognitive demand of the training. Currently, the systems under development seek to integrate virtual reality with wearable sensors and medical equipment. In the future, virtual reality can be used as a basis for the development of tele-rehabilitation systems.SUMMARY: The cognitive processes and the motor system of the human being begin to deteriorate progressively with age, so that the postural actions that are executed to maintain balance become ineffective. Virtual reality can be effectively implemented as a method of diagnosis, training and rehabilitation of older adults. Recent literature shows that dynamic posturography can detect and classify the risk of falling. On the other hand, the use of wearable sensors allows to enrich the training based on virtual reality, being the most used console, the Nintendo Wii. The improvements achieved through virtual training are significant and similar to those obtained through conventional exercises. In addition, the implementation of virtual training increases adherence to treatment, but the effectiveness of training lies in the choice of the correct protocols. Maintaining the improvements will depend on the cognitive demand of the training. Currently, the systems under development seek to integrate virtual reality with wearable sensors and medical equipment. In the future, virtual reality can be used as a basis for the development of tele-rehabilitation systems.
Extending analyzed frequency range in interpretation of frequency responses measured on a distribution transformer
Authors: Pham Khoi Dinh Anh , Pham Thai Thi Minh
Published: October 2018

In the field of diagnosis of mechanical failures in power transformer’s active part, i.e., windings, leads and the core, the technique of Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) has been recently approved as the main application tool. Mechanical failures in transformer windings reflect changes on measured terminal frequency responses normally in medium frequency range, from several to hundreds of kHz, which is in fact not easy to interpret for diagnosis. The authors proposed a new method based on simulation of a lumped three-phase equivalent circuit of power transformers to interpret frequency responses effectively, but only within low frequency range. This limitation is due to the fact that, the circuit cannot reflect well physical phenomena at medium and higher frequencies. To improve the FRA performance of the proposed method at medium frequencies for transformer failure diagnosis purpose, the paper introduces an investigation on a distributed three-phase equivalent circuit of a 200 kVA 10.4/0.46 kV Yy6 distribution transformer. Result of the investigation is a simplified procedure in determination of electrical parameters associated with the distributed circuit for better simulation based FRA interpretation at medium frequencies.
Applications of FACTS devices for improving power system transient stability
Authors: Dang Khanh Tuan , Nguyen Liem Van
Published: October 2018

As the power demand has been increasing rapidly, today’s modern power system becomes to be more complex and faces many challenges. It is envisaged that transient stability will play the important role in ensuring the steady state operation of power systems in the event of three phases fault or switching of lines. This paper investigates models of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) and applications of FACTS devices for improving the rotor angle stability. FACTS devices are applicable in shunt connection Static Var Compensator (SVC), in series connection Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), or in the combination of both. Mathematical models of power systems having FACTS devices are set of Differential - Algebraic Equations (DAEs). Trapezoidal rule and Newton - Raphson method are applied to solve DAEs. The simulation results of rotor angles demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of proposed the SVC and TCSC on transient stability enhancement of power systems.
Implementation supervisory controller for hybrid wind microgrid system using adaptive neural MIMO model
Authors: Ho Anh Pham Huy , Nguyen Son Ngoc , Tran Huan Thien
Published: October 2018

This paper investigates a novel forward adaptive neural model which is applied for modeling and implementing the supervisory controller of the hybrid wind microgrid system. The nonlinear features of the hybrid wind microgrid system are thoroughly modeled based on the adaptive identification process using experimental input-output training data. This paper proposes the novel use of a back propagation (BP) algorithm to generate the adaptive neural-based supervisory controller for the hybrid wind microgrid system. The simulation results show that the proposed adaptive neuralbased supervisory controller trained by Back Propagation learning algorithm yields outstanding performance and perfect accuracy.
Training simulation system for substation operation
Authors: Nguyen Liem Van , Dang Khanh Tuan , Ho Phuong Thanh , Nguyen Tuan Hoang Minh , Tran Bien Dinh , Duong Nhan Thanh
Published: October 2018

This paper reports the development of a substation training simulation system. The simulation system operates on the basic of the combination of three software including Vijeo Designer, Unity Pro and Matlab. The first two software are used to simulate the Human Machine Interface (HMI) and Remote terminal Unit/Programmable Logic Controller ((RTU/PLC), respectively. The third software, Matlab, calculates parameters of different operating conditions of the substation. The system has been designed as a training device which allows users to gain hands on experience in relation to substation operation. It is also used as a tool to assess and enhance the skills of current substation operators. This simulation system is the first of its kind to be developed and applied in Vietnam.
MOBILISASI DINI IBU POST SECTIO CAESAREA DI RSUD SOREANG
Authors: Rahma Wati Fitri , Kamsatun Kamsatun
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTAKI in Indonesia in 2012 is still high at 359 deaths per 100,000 live births. The cause ofmaternal death is bleeding, infection, eclampsi and others. Infection is a complication thatoccurs in many post-sectio caesarea patients due to surgical wounds. This complication canbe prevented by performing physical monitoring and early mobilization actions. The benefitof early mobilization is to accelerate wound healing, with mobilization to facilitate thecirculation of blood. This research is to know the implementation of early mobilization onpost-sectio caesarea patients in RSUD Soreang Kabupaten Bandung 2018. The type ofdescriptive research is quantitative, the population is the mother who gave birth with a sectiocaesarea in RSUD Soreang. Sampling with accidental sampling obtained 31 respondents.The results showed that of 31 post-sectio caesarea mothers as much as 3 people (9.7%)carried out early mobilization so categorized well. While as many as 28 people (90.3%) didnot conduct early mobilization well so categorized not good. It is suggested to health workersto be more intensive in giving motivation and motivation to post SC mothers in earlymobilization.
System implementation of scientific developments of agricultural science in ukrainian lands from apothecary gardens to kolkhoz experimental stations (XVIII century – 50’s of the XXth century)
Authors: Vergunov V.
Published: October 2018

The prerequisites of introduction and realization of demonstrative and collective experiences, ranging from the XVIII century to the early 60’s of the last century primarily on Ukrainian lands were considered on a wide historiographical basis. The formation and improvement of organizational forms, that led to the emergence of the so-called collective farm research work in March 1934, primarily, to meet the needs of the collective and state farms construction in the USSR were disclosed through the course of legislative decisions. There have been revealed their most famous achievements in the field of agricultural science. It is proved, that the methodological basis for activity of the original organizational structure of kolkhoz research work – houses- laboratories in the pre-war period, was a broad study of capabilities of the theory of vernalization developed by T.D. Lysenko, and in the 50’s XX century - systems of cultivation by T.S. Maltsev’s method through collective farm research stations set up in all regions of Ukraine. The contribution of some prominent scholars in the development of organizational approaches and later in theorizing and deployment introduction of the latest achievements of domestic agricultural science under different systems of government was highlighted. A periodization of the evolution of institutional framework of collective experimentation is proposed.
Historical background of the formation and development of garden and park ensembles of Ukraine
Authors: Gamaliia K. , Olkhovska O.
Published: October 2018

The article analyzes the process of creation of landscape complexes on the territory of Ukraine in XVIII-XIX centuries in context of trends in the world garden and park construction. Historical and social preconditions that assisted development of garden and park art are lighted up.
The development of zoological research on the solovetskyi biological station (1881–1899)
Authors: Deforzh H.
Published: October 2018

The article describes the formation and development of the Solovetskyi station on the White Sea (Russian Empire 1881–1899.), and the activities of the St. Petersburg and Kharkov society of naturalists. It reveals hydrobiological and ecological aspects of the existence of a marine fauna, and hydrological questions. The article also depicts contribution of the outstanding scientist Nikolai Petrovich Wagner (1829–1907), who studied the fauna of the White Sea on the Solovetsky Islands and whose efforts resulted in founding of the first ever biological station in the Russian North (1881).
Ukrainian predecessors of the deep ecology’s idea
Authors: Duplenko Yu.
Published: October 2018

On the basis of the analysis of the working text “Human work and its relation to the energy distribution” the author of article supports the opinion of modern researchers that S. Podolinsky’s ideas published in his work (1880) had been foreseen by V. Vernadsky’s noosphere concept, I.Prigozhin’s synergetic approaches and A. Naess’s deep ecology.
Organization of science in Ukraine in the first half of the XIX century
Authors: Korobchenko A.
Published: October 2018

In the article features of the organization of science in Ukraine in the first half of the 19th century are considered. In particular, it points to a special role in the dissemination of scientific knowledge of the first Ukrainian universities and scientific societies. It is proved that the first half of the 19th century became a period of significant achievements of scientists in the natural sciences. The main achievements of Ukrainian scientists in such sciences as botany, chemistry, geology, physics, mathematics and others are covered.
The contribution of Verhnyatska Experimental Breeding station in the development of agricultural science and research activities in the first half of the 20th century
Authors: Nyzhnyk S.
Published: October 2018

Basing on historical and scientific analysis the author describes the main achievements of Verhnyatska Breeding station (now Cherkasy State Agricultural station of the NSC “Agricultural Institute NAAS of Ukraine”) in the first half of the 20th century. One of the important tasks of the station was to obtain stable and heavy crops in the region. The development of the material and technical base, the enhancement of the scientific staff gave the opportunity to improve the specialization of the breeding work, scientific research relating to the creation of new varieties of agricultural crops.
History of development of the Lviv car plant – one of powerful producers of public- service transport in Ukraine
Authors: Bey N.
Published: October 2018

The history of development of the Lviv car plant – one of powerful producers of public-service transport in Ukraine was found out. It is proved that one of priority directions on an enterprise is the introduction of computer-aided and application of the newest methods of optimization of technological processes designs for the receipt of exactness, productivity and economy of making at providing of high operating properties and reliability of work of cars.
The development of knowledge on natural history and collection of naturals in the European medieval culture
Authors: Chervonenko O.
Published: October 2018

The present paper deals with the history of development of knowledge on natural history as well as of collections of natural objects. Church treasures are considered here as primary stages of formation of museum collections. Sacral facilities, their design including highly artistic works, and the emotial impact they caused on people allow considering them as prothotypes of museum exhibitions.
Kostiantyn Mykolaiovych Pos’iet (1819–1899): life and activity (to the 200th birthday anniversary)
Authors: Pylypchuk O. , Strelko O.
Published: October 2018

This article is devoted to the life and activity of an outstanding Russian scientist, admiral, the minister of the means of communication (1874–1888) Kostiantyn Mykolaiovych Pos’iet (1819–1899). In a short biographical description the authors put an emphasis on his maritime activity, on his trips around the world as well as on his 14 years directorship at the Ministry of the means of communication in the Russian Empire. The contribution of the scientist into the construction of ports, railways, in particular the Trans-Siberian Railway has been highlighted. The article enumerates all initiatives by K. M. Pos’iet since the transport system reconstruction in the Russian Empire.
N. Streletskyi (1885-1967) – a specialist in the field of building structures and bridge construction
Authors: Podkoshanaia O.
Published: October 2018

The article highlights the life and work of a talented Soviet scientist – N. Streletskyi. Through his works he wrote brilliant pages in the history of building art, in the development of communication, bridge construction and native science and technology in general. The main directions of his scientific researches are outlined, the practical, public and pedagogical activity of the scientist is analyzed.
Implementation of innovative technologies into lighthouses construction
Authors: Sandurska O.
Published: October 2018

The author emphasizes the need of improving lighthouses construction and conditions of their operation to provide appropriate conditions for trouble-free navigation. Also, in this article the author considers key innovations in lighthouses construction which are connected to power-efficiency requirements. One more important aspect of lighthouses modernization is also fitting lighthouses with modern supervisory control systems and modern electronic equipment.
Protective factors and its relationship with the beginning of sexual relations in Teenagers in the Educational Private Institution Señor de la Misericordia, Salaverry
Authors: Julca Flores Gloria
Published: October 2018

The present research had as objective to determine the protective factors: Self-esteem level, life project and family functioning and its relation with the beginning of the sexual relations in Teenagers of Educational Private Institution Señor de la Misericordia, Salaverry, 2014. The procedure followed in the investigation was to identify the protective factors: Self-esteem level, life project and family functioning and its relation with the beginning of having sex in Teenagers in the Educational Private Institution Señor de la Misericordia, Salaverry. Also described the beginning of having sex in Teenagers of Educational Private Institution Señor de la Misericordia, Salaverry. The following were the most significant results of the study: Average Self-esteem Level (88.7%), Established Life Project (95.2%), Family Functional Level: Moderately Functional (43.5%) and Functional (54.8%), 35.5% of Teenagers in the study had sex. In addition, no significant relationship was found between the level of self-esteem, life project and level of family functioning perceived with the beginning of having sex in Teenagers of Educational Private Institution Señor de la Misericordia – Salaverry.
Behavior patterns in the automation of the nursing professional against the absence of sanitary prevention policies in a national hospital, 2017
Authors: Meneses Mónica , Baldárrago Jorge , Velasquez Sandra
Published: October 2018

World Health Organization reports that 5% of the population of the planet could be allergic to one or more drugs or make resistance to it, due to self-medication. Objective: To determine the behavior patterns in the self-medication of the nursing professional of a National Hospital. Methodology: Quantitative cross-sectional study, a sample composed of 118 nurses. A questionnaire was used that was subjected to validity and reliability tests. For the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics were used with the statistical package SPSS version 24, respecting the ethical considerations Results: The behavior patterns of the nurses with respect to self-medication were: That of the total of respondents, 95% self-medicated without a prescription, 75% used analgesics and / or anti-inflammatories, 16% antihistamines and 6% % antipyretics Regarding the frequency of self-medication, "sometimes" was 93%, while almost always it is 6%. In the form of obtaining the dose, 43% refers to the medication literature, 38% for previous medical consultation, 15% use their personal criteria, while the main reason for self-medication is the lack of time to go to the doctor in 40 %. 37% reported having the knowledge to prescribe themselves, 14% for other reasons (lack of money, delay in care) while, 9% overload of work. Conclusions: It is confirmed that the nursing professional has competencies in pharmacological management, which facilitates the adoption of non-responsible self-medication behaviors placing them in a vulnerable situation with respect to their health.
Importance of breastfeeding in adolescent mothers in Peru
Authors: Julca Flores Gloria
Published: October 2018

Adolescent mothers are increasing in Peru. Inexperience causes an increase in infant morbidity and mortality. That is why breastfeeding is a natural act that adolescent mothers must put into practice in order to reduce child morbidity and mortality in Peru. Breastfeeding for six months to two years as food to have a healthy child.
Impact of the Youth to the Work Program on the economic level of the Young Poor in the La Libertad Region
Authors: Valverde Flores Ysabel
Published: October 2018

The impact determination of the ‘Youth to Work’ Program on the socioeconomic level of poor youth in the La Libertad Region began with a diagnosis to analyze the situation of poor youth in the La Libertad Region. The short-term action plans for the ‘Youth to Work’ Program were determined, and the impact of the ‘Youth to Work Program on the poor youth was analyzed. Finally, guidelines for improvements to the ‘Youth to Work’ program were established based on a Proposal for Accompaniment and advice to run businesses, taking into account their mission, objectives and strategies of the program. The businesses undertaken correspond to 33% to production (Ready-to-wear clothes, candy- and piñata store), 41% to commerce (Food store and hardware stores), and 26% to services (Events and awnings, children's show, restaurant, juice business and hairdresser); 33% of young people increased investment in Education; 52% of the young people increased the investment in Housing; 45% of young people increased their investment in Basic Services. Of the sample taken 27 small businesses have identified 38 jobs at the beginning of business and after the impact assessment was determined 43 jobs, increasing by 42%.
Contribution of a High School GLOBE - Peru to the report and verification of climate change
Authors: Valverde Flores Jhonny
Published: October 2018

Climate change is a significant and lasting change of local or global climate patterns that is currently affecting the different components of planet earth. GLOBE schools contribute to environmental education in educational institutions, encouraging students to carry out research using the data they generate, in order to contribute to solve the problems associated with climatic phenomena, the management of water resources and the biodiversity management.
Species diversity, change in forest cover and area of the Sundarbans, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Ashfaque , Ataullah Md , Rashid Parveen , Paul Ashit Ranjan , Dutta Sukumar , Ali Md Shahjahan
Published: October 2018

The phytosociological analysis, species diversity and types, fidelity, presence, constancy, Sørensen similarity index and changes in forest cover, land and water areas since 1972 were analyzed. Forty six species were recorded both in quadrats and growing outside which belong to 26 families and 41 genera, 19 were distinguished as true mangrove species and the rest were mangrove associates. Leguminosae and Rhizophoraceae were the dominant families represented by 5 spp. each. Three species were found to be invasive, namely Blumea lacera (Burm. F.) DC., Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don., Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. The maximum importance value index was found in Heritiera fomes Buch.-Ham (48.08). The overall species diversity (H) of SMF was found 3.81, species richness (d) was 9.10 and evenness (e) was 0.47. The forest area was 385,237 ha in 2015. The satellite images showed that the forest and water area of SMF decreased gradually till 2015 in comparison to 1972. The bare land of Sundarbans showed a significantly increasing trend till 2015 since 1972.
Screening of wheat genotypes against salinity at early vegetative stage in pot culture
Authors: Uddin MS , Hossain KMW
Published: October 2018

Experiment was carried out to investigate intraspecific variation for salt tolerance and to classify the wheat genotypes into different salt tolerant groups. Considerable variations among the genotypes in response to salinity were observed for shoot length under 16 dS/m NaCl salinity in the both seasons. Salt tolerant genotype was found to be less affected at high salinity and could be produced better total dry matter compared to other genotypes. Five and seven genotypes appeared as tolerance during 2008 - 09 and 2009 - 10, respectively based on relative total dry matter (RTDM). On the other hand, six and three genotypes exhibited tolerant during 2008 - 09 and 2009 - 10, respectively based on visual scoring. The distribution pattern of the genotypes into various salinity tolerant groups remained fairly constant under two methods. Three genotypes G24, G33 and G40 exhibited tolerant category. RTDM compared to the control would be very useful trait in salinity tolerant improvement programme. However, visual scoring provide guidelines for mass screening of salt tolerant genotypes.
Simulation of the penetration range distribution for low energy ions injected into plant seeds
Authors: Linxiang Wang
Published: October 2018

In the present experiment on low-energy ions implanted into seeds, factors such as the unique microstructure of the seeds, the energy and injection mode of the ions, the step diameter and scattering angle of the ions after collision, and the collision energy loss between ions and atomic nuclei or electrons are considered. A modified model for ions implanted into seeds is established. The range distribution is simulated for vanadium, titanium, and iron ions (V+, Ti+, and Fe+) with different energies and injection modes implanted into peanut, cotton, and wheat seeds, using the FORTRAN programming language and Monte-Carlo method; the results are in good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, the model is used to estimate the range distribution for nitrogen, hydrogen, and argon ions (N+, H+, Ar+) implanted into peanut, cotton and wheat seeds.
Intervarietal variation in salt tolerance of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) in pot experiments
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Zabed , Hasan Md Mehedi , Kashem Md Abul
Published: October 2018

Seven lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) varieties were grown in pots irrigated with NaCl solution of different concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 300 mM) to assess their salinity tolerance potentials. Data revealed that the highest and the lowest salt tolerance were shown by BARI masur-5 (168.50%) and BARI masur-2 (56.32%), respectively. Cluster analysis based on the salt tolerance indices also showed grouping of the varieties into 4 clusters where BARI masur-5 was found highly salt tolerant, BARI masur-6 was moderately salt tolerant and BARI masur-1 and BARI masur-2 were least tolerant. Although shoot height, fresh weight and water content decreased, root length and root to shoot ratio increased significantly with the increase of salt concentrations in the varieties tested.
Antioxidant, anti-urease and anti-elastase activities of Usnea longissima Ach.
Authors: Aydin Sinem , Kinalioğlu Kadir , Sökmen Bahar Bilgin
Published: October 2018

Lichens are complex associations composed of mycobiont and one or more algae or cyanobacteria which are living in symbiosis. Lichens are thought to possess therapeutic effects on many illnesses in worldwide. This study was performed to investigate antioxidant, anti-elastase and anti-urease activities of Usnea longissima Ach lichen. U. longissima was extracted with ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents. The antioxidant activities of the extracts of U. longissima were determined with methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, copper reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), total antioxidant capacity, determination of total phenolic content and total flavonoid contents. The binding action of the DPPH and ABTS radicals, CUPRAC activity increases with concentration of the extracts. Ethanol extracts exhibited higher anti-urease and anti-elastase activity. Highest inhibition was found as 49.86% for elastase and 18.38% for urease. Results of the present study suggest that U. longissima extracts can be an alternative to synthetic antioxidant, anti-elastase and anti-urease agents.
Effects of organic formulations and synthetic fertilizer on the performance of pigeonpea in eastern region of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Verma Sudhanshu , Singh Abhishek , Pradhan Swati Swayamprabha , Singh JP , Verma SK
Published: October 2018

A field experiment involving five organic formulations viz., cow urine, vermiwash, neem seed extract, fish wash normal water (control) and three levels of NPK viz., 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), 75% RDF and 100% RDF with total 15 treatment combinations in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Varanasi during Kharif season (July-April) 2014-15 to evaluate the effect of different organic formulations and NPK fertilization on pigeonpea. Results showed that increasing level of NPK up to 100% RDF significantly improved growth parameters, yield attributes, grain and straw yield. Among the treatment combinations, combined application of 100% RDF + vermiwash proved superior over other treatments, these recorded the highest growth yield attributes, gross returns, and net returns while B : C ratio was the highest under 100% RDF in combination with cow urine.
Estimation of broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and agronomic traits in native and exotic safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes
Authors: Tahernezhad Zahra , Saba Jalal , Zeinalabedini Mehrshad , Pourdad Seyyed Safid , Ghaffari Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2018

This study was conducted to estimate broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and some agronomic traits in 100 safflower genotypes. The experiments were carried out in two years at two locations in Iran. The number of seeds per capitol and harvest index had the highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), respectively. The estimated broad-sense heritability for plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering, number of seeds per capitol, number of capitols per plant and seed yield were 86, 76, 74, 70, 68, 44 and 16%, respectively. It was found that plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering and number of seeds per capitol were the least influenced by the environment. The number of capitols per plant and seed yield were most affected by the environment.
Clinical and haematological changes upon administration of Xylazine-Ketamine and Xylazine-Thiopentoneanaesthetic combinations in ewes
Authors: Biswas DS , Hasan M , Mallick S , Juyena NS , Shoriotullah M , Alam MR
Published: October 2018

The study was done to evaluate the effect of Xylazine-Ketamine and Xylazine- Thiopentone combinations for general anaesthesia in sheep. Six healthy sheep were divided into two groups: Group XK (n = 3), anaesthetized with Xylazine-Ketamine and Group XT (n = 3), anaesthetized with xylazine-thiopentone. Anaesthesia was induced using 1.1 mg/kg xylazine with 10 mg/kg ketamine or 20 mg/kg thiopentone as a single intravenous injection. Induction, duration and recovery from anaesthesia were monitored. Respiratory rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were recorded 15 min before and 5 min after induction, and 15 and 30 min and 24 hours after recovery. Packed Cell Volume (PCV) (%), Haemoglobin (Hb) (g/dL), Total Leucocyte Count (TLC) (millions per cubic millimetre) and Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC; Thousands per cubic millimetre) were measured before anaesthesia, one hour after induction and 24 hours after recovery. Heart rate increased significantly in both XT and XK groups and returned to control value 24 hours after recovery. Respiration rate decreased at 15 min after induction, then highly increased at 30 min and then returned to control value 24 hours after recovery in XK group. Rectal temperature decreased significantly in both groups. Hb, TLC, and TEC decreased, but PCV increased significantly in both groups. The mean time of induction of anaesthesia was less in XT group (0.2 ± 0.0 min) than in group XK (2.7 ± 0.1 min). The duration of anaesthesia and its recovery was less in Group XK than in Group XT. A combination of Xylazine-Ketamine and Xylazine-Thiopentone can be used to induce short term anaesthesia in sheep with negligible effects on clinical and haematological parameters.Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 1, 9-19
From the Desk of Editor-in-Chief Vol 8(3)
Authors: Khan Md Aminul Haque
Published: October 2018

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2018; 8(3): 121
Gynecological Problems of Postmenopausal Women and Their Health Care-Seeking Behavior in Rural Community
Authors: Begum Husneara , Rahim Riffat
Published: October 2018

Background: Gynecological problems and health care-seeking behavior of postmenopausal women vary among populations and societies. Few data are available about times and types of gynecological problems of postmenopausal women and health care-seeking behavior, socio-demographic and reproductive factors among rural women of Bangladesh.Objectives: The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of gynecological problems, to identify socio-demographic factors and to identify the health care seeking-behavior of rural postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in women aged 50−70 years. A purposive sampling technique was used to retrieve data from 252 postmenopausal women from 3 villages of Savar Upazilla of Dhaka, Bangladesh.Results: The mean age of our study population was 57.27 ± 6.08 years, and the mean menopausal age was 48.20 ± 3.226 years. Regarding prevalence of gynecological problems, 28% had vaginal dryness, 5% had per vaginal bleeding, 9% had urinary problems, and 4% had something coming down per vagina. For primary treatment, 43% went to pharmacy, 29% went to private chamber or private clinic, and only 22% went to government hospitals for their general health problems. Some significant association was found between age of marriage, number of fertility and gynecological problems.Conclusion: Further studies are needed with a larger sample size to identify different life style, diet, and socio-cultural characteristics and to better understand the health care-seeking behavior of women of rural communities.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(3): 135-138
Comparison Between Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on Anti- Thrombogenic Effect in Patients with Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Tonu Samia Haque , Dewan Jesmine Fauzia , Hasnat Fahmida , Jahan Begum Rudaba
Published: October 2018

Background: Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are two widely used HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). These are used as lipid-lowering drugs to reduce atherosclerosis-induced cardiovascular events. The beneficial effects of statins also involve some lipid-independent mechanisms which include modification of thrombus formation and degradation, alteration in inflammatory response, plaque stabilization and improvement of endothelial function.Objective: To compare antithrombogenic effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in patients with hyperlipidemia.Materials and Methods: A prospective, open-labeled, interventional, randomized and single-center study was carried out in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March, 2016 to August, 2017 on 52 hyperlipidemic patients. After randomization patients were assigned to atorvastatin 10 mg or rosuvastatin 5 mg daily for 8 weeks. Blood was collected at baseline and after intervention to measure platelet count, prothrombin time (PT) and serum lipid profile.Results: The baseline characteristics of patients treated with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin were almost identical. The platelet count in atorvastatin group was reduced after intervention (2.30%, p=0.463) which was not significant but in rosuvastatin group platelet count reduced significantly (12.33%, p=0.021) after intervention. There was no statistically significant difference (p=0.187) between the two statin treated groups. PT was increased significantly after intervention in both atorvastatin group (31.44%, p<0.001) and in rosuvastatin group (31.93%, p=0.003), which was statistically significant. No significant difference was observed between the two groups (p=0.573). Both atorvastatin and rosuvastatin significantly improved serum lipid profile.Conclusion: The present study reveals that rosuvastatin reduced thrombogenesis more effectively than atorvastatin in hyperlipidemic patients.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(3): 153-158
A Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Chowdhury Md Rezaul Karim
Published: October 2018

Background: Myeloma, the most common malignant disease of bone, is incurable and occurring with increasing frequency in elderly population. Typical clinical features are weakness, fatigability, bone pain, anemia, renal insufficiency and hypercalcemia. Incidental discovery on comprehensive laboratory panels is common. Serum or urine protein electrophoresis or immunofixation and bone marrow aspirate analysis help the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.Objective: The aim of this study was to define and evaluate the clinico-laboratory features of newly diagnosed adult multiple myeloma (MM) patients in the context of Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in two centers, from October 2005 to January 2010 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and July 2012 to June 2017 in Enam Medical College and Hospital (EMCH). Thirty two diagnosed valid cases of multiple myeloma were included in this study. Clinical history, physical and relevant laboratory findings were carefully recorded and analyzed.Results: In this study among 32 patients, 29 were males and 3 were females with mean age 51.94 ± 10.09 years. The common complaints were bone pain, weakness and fatigue. The common clinical findings were bone tenderness, pallor and high ESR (ESR of all the study patients was more than 100 mm in 1st hour). Hemoglobin level was <8.5 gm/dL in 13 patients, serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL in seven patients, serum albumin <30 mg/L in 14 patients and serum β2 microglobulin >5.5 mg/L in 15 patients. Three patients were hypercalcemic. Lytic lesions were the most common radiological finding in the study.Conclusion: This study showed that multiple myeloma is a disease of the middle and elderly aged population with male preponderance, with high male female ratio. Multivenued studies are needed to view the real picture of multiple myeloma in the context of Bangladesh.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(3): 159-164
Jaw-Closing Oromandibular Dystonia Induced by Speaking in a Patient with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Hasan ATM Tanveer , Abda Syed Jamil , Yesmin Sabrina , Ahmed Shamim
Published: October 2018

Oromandibular dystonia is a rare form of focal dystonia caused by involuntary spasms of masticatory, lingual and pharyngeal muscles. Here we describe a 53-year-old edentulous woman with systemic sclerosis who presented with dysarthria due to bilateral contraction of her masseter muscles during speaking. An anticholinergic medication was prescribed instead of botulinum toxin injection. Her condition markedly improved after medication. We suspected that edentulosity caused an impairment of proprioception in the oral cavity leading to subsequent development of dystonia.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(3): 170-173