bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The sphingolipid‐rich rafts of ALK+ lymphomas downregulate the Lyn‐Cbp/PAG signalosome
Authors: Yerly Stéphane , Ding Heidrun , Tauzin Sébastien , Van Echten‐Deckert Gerhild , Borisch Bettina , Hoessli Daniel C.
Published: June 2010

Human anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) + lymphomas express the constitutively active ALK as a fusion protein that drives several survival pathways. The catalytic domain of the anaplastic receptor tyrosine kinase is frequently fused with the nuclear localization protein nucleophosmin but may also fuse with other proteins that associate it with other subcellular structures. Similarly to other B human lymphomas, ALK+ lymphomas express the Cbp/PAG adaptor protein and the non‐receptor Lyn kinase in the plasma membrane. In the majority of human lymphomas, the Cbp/PAG adaptor and the Lyn kinase constitute an oncogenic signalosome that serves as a membrane anchor for other signaling enzymes and transcription factors. We show that ALK+ lymphoma membranes harbor sphingolipid‐rich microdomains (rafts) in which Lyn is poorly active. However, Lyn activity and consequently Cbp/PAG tyrosine phosphorylation can be restored by extracting sphingolipids from ALK+ lymphoma plasma membranes. In the membrane environment of ALK+ lymphoma rafts, where the glycosphingolipid to signaling protein ratio is higher than in B‐NHL rafts, the Lyn activity is suboptimal and does not allow the formation of an efficient Lyn‐Cbp/PAG signalosome.
Sports concussion assessment: the effect of exercise on dynamic and static balance
Authors: Schneiders A. G. , Sullivan S. J. , Handcock P. , Gray A. , McCrory P. R.
Published: June 2010

This study determined the effect of exercise on measures of static and dynamic balance used in the assessment of sports‐related concussion (SRC). A balanced three‐group cross‐over randomized design was used with three levels of exercise verified by blood‐lactate, heart rate and “perceived‐exertion”: no exercise/rest (NE), moderate‐intensity exercise (ME), and high‐intensity exercise (HE). Participants performed two timed balance tasks: tandem gait (TG) and single‐leg stance (SLS); pre‐ and post‐exercise and 15 min after exercise. Linear mixed‐models with adjusted means and contrasts compared exercise effects. Ninety asymptomatic participants (45♂:45♀) were recruited. When times were contrasted with NE; HE resulted in a significant decrease in SLS (P<0.001) and TG (P<0.001) performance immediately following exercise. Fifteen minutes of recovery improved SLS (P<0.001) and TG (P=0.011) from post‐exercise performance. ME caused a significant decrease in performance in SLS (P=0.038) but not TG (P=0.428). No statistically significant change occurred following ME in any tasks after 15‐min recovery (SLS P=0.064; TG P=0.495). Test–retest reliability was considerably higher for the dynamic task compared with the static task. The reliability of static and dynamic balance tasks, and the change in performance following exercise, have implications for the immediate assessment of SRC, as these measures are utilized in concussion assessment instruments.
Attachment sites of the coracoclavicular ligaments are characterized by fibrocartilage differentiation: a study on human cadaveric tissue
Authors: Ockert B. , Braunstein V. , Sprecher C. , Shinohara Y. , Kirchhoff C. , Milz S.
Published: June 2010

We analyzed the immunohistochemical labeling patterns of the extracellular matrix of the coracoclavicular ligaments (CCL) in order to relate the molecular composition of the attachment sites to their mechanical environment. Ligaments were exposed from 12 fresh‐frozen human cadaveric samples (four males, mean age: 48.6±12.1 years). Cryosection of methanol‐fixed and decalcified tissue was cut and sections were labeled with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against collagens, proteoglycans and proteins of vascular components. Attachment sites of both ligaments showed characteristic fibrocartilaginous labeling of collagen type II, aggrecan and link protein in all samples. Labeling for type II collagen was most conspicuous at the insertion of the coracoid process. Morphometry of adjacent samples revealed a fibrocartilage zone of 10–15% in relationship with the ligament proper, where labeling for type II collagen, aggrecan and link protein was negative. The presence of fibrocartilage at both entheses of the trapezoid and conoid ligament suggests that the CCL complex is subject to shear/compression forces. A variable fibrocartilage differentiation at the entheses of both ligaments may be related to the marked change in loading and insertion angle that the ligaments undergo during shoulder movement.
Risk factors and prognostic indicators for medial tibial stress syndrome
Authors: Moen M. H. , Bongers T. , Bakker E. W. , Zimmermann W. O. , Weir A. , Tol J. L. , Backx F. J. G.
Published: June 2010

The objective of the study was to examine the risk factors and prognostic indicators for medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS). In total, 35 subjects were included in the study. For the risk factor analysis, the following parameters were investigated: hip internal and external ranges of motion, knee flexion and extension, dorsal and plantar ankle flexion, hallux flexion and extension, subtalar eversion and inversion, maximal calf girth, lean calf girth, standing foot angle and navicular drop test. After multivariate regression decreased hip internal range of motion, increased ankle plantar flexion and positive navicular drop were associated with MTSS. A higher body mass index was associated with a longer duration to full recovery. For other prognostic indicators, no relationship was found.
Effect of Medication on Microvascular Vasodilatation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Bengtsson Christine , Andersson Sven E , Edvinsson Lars , Edvinsson Marie‐Louise , Sturfelt Gunnar , Nived Ola
Published: June 2010

Abstract:  The aim of this study was to investigate the microvascular responses in the skin, to local heat, iontophoretically administered acetylcholine and to sodium nitroprusside in relation to cardiovascular damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and matched controls. We also wanted to examine if the ongoing medication in SLE patients influenced this vascular response. We investigated 30 women with SLE and compared them with 20 age and sex‐matched controls. The cutaneous blood flow response to local heat (+44°C), iontophoretically administered endothelium‐dependent (acetylcholine), as well as independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilatation, was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. Clinical data and medication were retrieved from the clinical database and patient records. The cutaneous microvascular reactivity did not differ between SLE patients and a group of matched controls nor did it correlate with cardiovascular damage [assessed by Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SLICC/ACR‐DI)]. However, patients on antimalarial drugs (hydroxychloroquine n = 8 and chloroquine diphosphate n = 3) responded more strongly to sodium nitroprusside (endothelium‐independent vasodilatation) compared with those without antimalarial drugs (p < 0.01). The response to acetylcholine was higher among patients on warfarin compared with those without (p < 0.05), whereas glucocorticoid use (≥5 mg daily) was associated with reduced response to acetylcholine (p < 0.05). Smokers in general tended to have a lower response to acetylcholine (p = 0.064). Smoking SLE patients versus non‐smoking SLE patients had a significantly lower response to acetylcholine (p = 0.01). Medication with antimalarial drugs‐enhanced endothelium‐independent vasodilatation, while glucocorticoid use was associated with reduction and warfarin‐treatment with enhancement of endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation. Therefore, despite there is no difference in microvascular endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation, other factors such as medication and smoking may affect vasodilatation in SLE patients.
An epidemiological analysis of severe cases of the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection in Japan
Authors: Wada Koji , Nishiura Hiroshi , Kawana Akihiko
Published: June 2010

Please cite this paper as: Wada et al. (2010). An epidemiological analysis of severe cases of the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection in Japan. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 4(4), 179–186.

Background  The age distribution of confirmed cases with influenza A (H1N1) 2009 has shifted toward children and young adults, in contrast to interpandemic influenza, because of the age specificities in immunological reactions and transmission characteristics.

Objectives  Descriptive epidemiological analysis of severe cases in Japan was carried out to characterize the pandemic’s impact and clinical features.

Methods  First, demographic characteristics of hospitalized cases (n = 12 923), severe cases (n = 894) and fatal cases (n = 116) were examined. Second, individual records of the first 120 severe cases, including 23 deaths, were analyzed to examine potential associations of influenza death with demographic variables, medical treatment and underlying conditions. Among severe cases, we compared proportions of specific characteristics of survivors with those of fatal cases to identify predictors of death.

Results  Age distribution of hospitalized cases shifted toward those aged <20 years; this was also the case for deaths without underlying medical conditions. Deaths in adults were mainly seen among those with underlying medical conditions, resulting in an increased risk of death as a function of age. According to individual records, the time from onset to death in Japan appeared rather short compared with that in other countries.

Conclusion  The age specificity of severe cases and their underlying medical conditions were consistent with other countries. To identify predictors of death in influenza A (H1N1) 2009 patients, more detailed clinical characteristics need to be examined according to different age groups and types of manifestations, which should ideally include mild cases as subjects.
Anomalies in the Foundations of Ridge Regression: Some Clarifications
Authors: Kapat Prasenjit , Goel Prem K.
Published: June 2010

Several anomalies in the foundations of ridge regression from the perspective of constrained least‐square (LS) problems were pointed out in Jensen & Ramirez. Some of these so‐called anomalies, attributed to the non‐monotonic behaviour of the norm of unconstrained ridge estimators and the consequent lack of sufficiency of Lagrange's principle, are shown to be incorrect. It is noted in this paper that, for a fixed Y, norms of unconstrained ridge estimators corresponding to the given basis are indeed strictly monotone. Furthermore, the conditions for sufficiency of Lagrange's principle are valid for a suitable range of the constraint parameter. The discrepancy arose in the context of one data set due to confusion between estimates of the parameter vector, β, corresponding to different parametrization (choice of bases) and/or constraint norms. In order to avoid such confusion, it is suggested that the parameter β corresponding to each basis be labelled appropriately.
Bayesian Estimation of Prediction Error and Variable Selection in Linear Regression
Authors: Neath Andrew A. , Cavanaugh Joseph E.
Published: June 2010

An important statistical application is the problem of determining an appropriate set of input variables for modelling a response variable. In such an application, candidate models are characterized by which input variables are included in the mean structure. A reasonable approach to gauging the propriety of a candidate model is to define a discrepancy function through the prediction error associated with this model. An optimal set of input variables is then determined by searching for the candidate model that minimizes the prediction error. In this paper, we focus on a Bayesian approach to estimating a discrepancy function based on prediction error in linear regression. It is shown how this approach provides an informative method for quantifying model selection uncertainty.
Measurement of central corneal thickness by high‐resolution Scheimpflug imaging, Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomography and ultrasound pachymetry
Authors: Chen Shihao , Huang Jinhai , Wen Daizong , Chen Wuhe , Huang David , Wang Qinmei
Published: June 2010

Purpose:  To compare the repeatability and reproducibility of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements by high‐resolution (HR) rotating Scheimpflug imaging and Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomography (FD‐OCT). CCT measurements were compared to those determined by ultrasound pachymetry (UP).

Methods:  In 35 healthy eyes, intra‐observer repeatability for HR Scheimpflug (Pentacam) and FD‐OCT (RTVue) systems was determined in consecutive images taken by an observer in the shortest time possible. Imaging was repeated again by a second observer to evaluate inter‐observer reproducibility. The CCT measurements were compared among Scheimpflug, FD‐OCT and UP images.

Results:  Mean coefficients of repeatability were 0.48% for Scheimpflug and 0.26% for FD‐OCT. For Scheimpflug, the coefficient of inter‐operator reproducibility was 0.87%. For FD‐OCT, the coefficient of inter‐operator reproducibility was 0.45%. The CCT measurements by Scheimpflug, OCT and UP images were (mean ± standard deviation) 521.7 ± 27.6 μm, 510.8 ± 28.6 μm and 516.5 ± 27.6 μm, respectively. The differences between instruments were statistically significant. The 95% limits of agreement in CCT were −0.7 to 22.5 μm for Pentacam‐OCT, −13.4 to 24.0 μm for Pentacam‐UP and −26.7 to 15.4 μm for OCT‐UP. There was a high degree of correlation between CCT measured by all 3 methods.

Conclusion:  Noncontact measurements of CCT with HR Scheimpflug and FD‐OCT systems yielded excellent repeatability and reproducibility and can be used interchangeably. Although both devices were comparable with UP; in clinical practice, the measurements acquired by optical modalities are not directly interchangeable with UP measurements.
Factors affecting ocular pulse amplitude in eyes with open angle glaucoma and glaucoma‐suspect eyes
Authors: Choi Jaewan , Lee Jooeun , Park Sung B. , Lee Kyung S. , Sung Kyung R. , Kook Michael S.
Published: June 2010

Purpose:  To investigate the associations between ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) as measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and ocular and systemic factors in patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG) and in glaucoma suspects.

Methods:  One hundred and seventy‐three glaucoma‐suspect patients were consecutively enrolled. All subjects underwent intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by DCT and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), OPA measurement by DCT, Humphrey visual field (HVF) examination and central corneal thickness measurements. Arterial pulse amplitude (APA) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were defined as the difference between systolic and diastolic BP and the difference between mean arterial pressure and IOP, respectively. All subjects also completed a systemized questionnaire on systemic vascular morbidities.

Results:  Seventy‐four eyes were diagnosed with OAG, based on HVF results. The overall mean CCT was 538.2 ± 37.6 μm. In all 173 eyes, OPA was associated with spherical equivalent (SE, p < 0.001) and with IOP by GAT (p = 0.013) by multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis of the 77 subgroup eyes of patients for whom BP parameters were available also revealed that OPA was associated with SE (p = 0.007) and with IOP by GAT (p < 0.001). When the subjects were classified into the groups with low, intermediate and high cardiovascular risk based on the questionnaire, there was no difference in OPA among these groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:  Ocular pulse amplitude was associated with IOP measured by GAT and SE in patients with OAG and in glaucoma suspects. There was neither significant correlation between systemic hemodynamic parameters and OPA, nor difference of OPA in patients with different cardiovascular risk. OPA is primarily a measure of pressure, and there are certain limitations towards its use as a hemodynamic index.
Meet the New Hybrid Designers
Authors: Eckersley Michael , Alexis Jeremy
Published: June 2010

Many of them have changed careers, or the focus of their careers, and have arrived at graduate design programs from a background very different from that of traditional designers. They're likely to add a different flavor to the design mix—and bring a considerable amount of business acumen, as well.
The Design in Wine
Authors: Chisholm Ronna
Published: June 2010

In the wine industry, design can be crucial—and its uses go far beyond the label on the bottle. From the systems responsible for making the wine in the first place to all the details that go into creating a brand experience, design plays a part before the first glass is poured.
Design Overview of a Three Kilowatt Recuperated Ceramic Turboshaft Engine
Authors: Vick Michael J. , Heyes Andrew , Pullen Keith
Published: June 2010

A three kilowatt turboshaft engine with a ceramic recuperator and turbine has been designed for small unmanned air vehicle (UAV) propulsion and portable power generation. Compared with internal combustion (IC) engines, gas turbines offer superior reliability, engine life, noise and vibration characteristics, and compatibility with military fuels. However, the efficiency of miniature gas turbines must be improved substantially, without severely compromising weight and cost, if they are to compete effectively with small IC engines for long-endurance UAV propulsion. This paper presents a design overview and supporting analytical results for an engine that could meet this goal. The system architecture was chosen to accommodate the limitations of mature, cost-effective ceramic materials: silicon nitride for the turbine rotors and toughened mullite for the heat exchanger and turbine stators. An engine with a cycle pressure ratio below 2:1, a multistage turbine, and a highly effective recuperator is shown to have numerous advantages in this context. A key benefit is a very low water vapor-induced surface recession rate for silicon nitride, due to an extremely low partial pressure of water in the combustion products. Others include reduced sensitivity to internal flaws, creep, and foreign object damage; an output shaft speed low enough for grease-lubricated bearings; and the potential viability of a novel premixed heat-recirculating combustor.
Blade Forcing Function and Aerodynamic Work Measurements in a High Speed Centrifugal Compressor With Inlet Distortion
Authors: Kammerer Albert , Abhari Reza S.
Published: June 2010

Centrifugal compressors operating at varying rotational speeds, such as in helicopters or turbochargers, can experience forced response failure modes. The response of the compressors can be triggered by aerodynamic flow nonuniformities such as with diffuser-impeller interaction or with inlet distortions. The work presented here addresses experimental investigations of forced response in centrifugal compressors with inlet distortions. This research is part of an ongoing effort to develop related experimental techniques and to provide data for validation of computational tools. In this work, measurements of blade surface pressure and aerodynamic work distribution were addressed. A series of pressure sensors were designed and installed on rotating impeller blades and simultaneous measurements with blade-mounted strain gauges were performed under engine representative conditions. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first publication, which presents comprehensive experimental unsteady pressure measurements during forced response, for high-speed radial compressors. The experimental data were obtained for both resonance and off-resonance conditions with uniquely tailored inlet distortion. This paper covers aspects relating to the design of fast response pressure sensors and their installation on thin impeller blades. Additionally, sensor properties are outlined with a focus on calibration and measurement uncertainty estimations. The second part of this paper presents unsteady pressure results taken for a number of inlet distortion cases. It will be shown that the intended excitation order due to inlet flow distortion is of comparable magnitude to the second and third harmonics, which are consistently observed in all measurements. Finally, an experimental method will be outlined that enables the measurement of aerodynamic work on the blade surface during resonant crossing. This approach quantifies the energy exchange between the blade and the flow in terms of cyclic work along the blade surface. The phase angle between the unsteady pressure and the blade movement will be shown to determine the direction of energy transfer.
Isolation of VanA-Type Vancomycin-Resistant
Enterococcus
Strains from Domestic Poultry Products with Enrichment by Incubation in Buffered Peptone Water at 42°C
Authors: Harada Tetsuya , Kanki Masashi , Kawai Takao , Taguchi Masumi , Asao Tsutomu , Kumeda Yuko
Published: June 2010

Eight VanA-type enterococcal strains were isolated from 8 of 171 domestic poultry products by using enrichment by incubation in buffered peptone water at 35°C and 42°C. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of all six VanA-type
Enterococcus faecalis
isolates were nearly indistinguishable, indicating the presence of a specific clone in Japan.
Effects of Source Water Quality on Chlorine Inactivation of Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, Echovirus, and Murine Norovirus
Authors: Kahler Amy M. , Cromeans Theresa L. , Roberts Jacquelin M. , Hill Vincent R.
Published: June 2010

More information is needed on the disinfection efficacy of chlorine for viruses in source water. In this study, chlorine disinfection efficacy was investigated for USEPA Contaminant Candidate List viruses coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5), echovirus 1 (E1), murine norovirus (MNV), and human adenovirus 2 (HAdV2) in one untreated groundwater source and two partially treated surface waters. Disinfection experiments using pH 7 and 8 source water were carried out in duplicate, using 0.2 and 1 mg/liter free chlorine at 5 and 15°C. The efficiency factor Hom (EFH) model was used to calculate disinfectant concentration × contact time (CT) values (mg·min/liter) required to achieve 2-, 3-, and 4-log
10
reductions in viral titers. In all water types, chlorine disinfection was most effective for MNV, with 3-log
10
CT values at 5°C ranging from ≤0.020 to 0.034. Chlorine disinfection was least effective for CVB5 in all water types, with 3-log
10
CT values at 5°C ranging from 2.3 to 7.9. Overall, disinfection proceeded faster at 15°C and pH 7 for all water types. Inactivation of the study viruses was significantly different between water types, but no single source water had consistently different inactivation rates than another. CT values for CVB5 in one type of source water exceeded the recommended CT values set forth by USEPA's
Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems using Surface Water Sources
. The results of this study demonstrate that water quality plays a substantial role in the inactivation of viruses and should be considered when developing chlorination plans.
Electrochemical behavior of disopyramide and its adsorptive stripping determination in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids
Authors: Öztürk Funda , Taşdemir Ibrahim Hüdai , Durmuş Zehra , Kiliç Esma
Published: June 2010

Electrochemical behavior of disopyramide (DPA) and optimum conditions to its quantitative determination were investigated using voltammetric methods. Some electrochemical parameters such as diffusion coefficient, surface coverage of adsorbed molecules, electron transfer coefficient, standard rate constant and number of electrons were calculated using the results of cyclic and square-wave voltammetry. All studies were based on the quasi-reversible and adsorption-controlled electrochemical reduction signal of DPA at about –1.60 V vs Ag|AgCl at pH 10.0 in Britton–Robinson buffer. This adsorptive character of molecule was used to develop fully validated, new, rapid, selective and simple square-wave cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric (SWCAdSV) method to the direct determination of DPA in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples without time-consuming steps prior to drug assay. Peak current of electrochemical reduction of DPA was found to change linearly with the concentration in the range from 7.15 × 10–8 mol l–1 (0.024 mg l–1) to 1.43 × 10–6 mol l–1 (0.49 mg l–1). Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 5.65 × 10–8 mol l–1 (0.019 mg l–1) and 1.88 × 10–7 mol l–1 (0.064 mg l–1), respectively. The method was successfully applied to assay the drug in tablets, human serum and human urine with good recoveries at about 100%.
Whole-genome association studies for multigenic diseases: ethical dilemmas arising from commercialization—the case of genetic testing for autism
Authors: Jordan Bertrand R , Tsai Daniel Fu Chang
Published: June 2010

This paper examines some ethical issues arising from whole-genome association studies for multigenic diseases, focusing on the case of autism. Events occurring following the announcement of a genetic test for autism in France (2005–2009) are described to exemplify the ethical controversies that can arise when genetic testing for autism is applied prematurely and inappropriately promoted by biotech companies. The authors argue that genetic tests assessing one or a few genes involved in highly multigenic disorders can only be useful if: (1) the genetic linkage found in the scientific study must be statistically convincing, reproducible and also applicable to the population to which the individual considered belongs (scientific validity); (2) the relative risk conferred by the ‘high-risk’ allele should be high enough to be significant to the patient (significant impact); (3) use of the test should lead to some improvement of outcome for the patient, resulting from adapted treatment if available, or at least from adjustment of lifestyle (or life goals) prompted by the new knowledge generated (clinical utility). Decisions concerning genetic testing for autism involve scientific judgement, value judgement and good knowledge of a constantly evolving therapeutic environment. The implementation of genetic tests for highly multigenic diseases thus requires strong mechanisms to ensure that they are used in a fashion that can benefit patients, and these mechanisms must be able to cope with rapid progress in scientific knowledge and therapeutic intervention.
THE SUPERBIGBITE PROJECT A STUDY OF NUCLEON FORM FACTORS
Authors:   for the JLab Hall A EMFF collaboration, DE JAGER KEES
Published: June 2010

A proposed set of instrumentation, collectively referred to as the Super Bigbite project, is presented. Used in three different configurations it will allow measurements of three nucleon electromagnetic form factors [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] with unprecedented precision to Q2-values up to three times higher than existing data.
PROBING THE NUCLEAR MATTER AT HIGH BARYON AND ISOSPIN DENSITY WITH HEAVY ION COLLISIONS
Authors: DI TORO M. , COLONNA M. , FERINI G. , GIORDANO V. , GRECO V. , PLUMARI S. , RIZZO J. , LIU B. , BARAN V. , GAITANOS T. , PRASSA V. , WOLTER H. H.
Published: June 2010

Heavy Ion Collisions (HIC) represent a unique tool to probe the in-medium nuclear interaction in regions away from saturation. High Energy Collisions are studied in order to access nuclear matter properties at high density. Particular attention is devoted to the selection of observables sensitive to the poorly known symmetry energy at high baryon density, of large fundamental interest, even for the astrophysics implications. Using fully consistent covariant transport simulations built on effective field theories we are testing isospin observables ranging from nucleon/cluster emissions, collective flows (in particular the elliptic, squeeze out, part) and meson production. The possibility to shed light on the controversial neutron/proton effective mass splitting in asymmetric matter is also stressed.

The "symmetry" repulsion at high baryon density will also lead to an "earlier" hadron-deconfinement transition in n -rich matter. The phase transition of hadronic to quark matter at high baryon and isospin density is analyzed. Nonlinear relativistic mean field models are used to describe hadronic matter, and the MIT bag model is adopted for quark matter. The boundaries of the mixed phase and the related critical points for symmetric and asymmetric matter are obtained. Isospin effects appear to be rather significant. The binodal transition line of the ( T ,ρB) diagram is lowered in a region accessible to heavy ion collisions in the energy range of the new planned FAIR/NICA facilities. Some observable effects of the mixed phase are suggested, in particular a neutron distillation mechanism. Theoretically a very important problem appears to be the suitable treatment of the isovector part of the interaction in effective QCD lagrangian approaches.
POLARIZED HD TARGET FOR FUTURE LEPS EXPERIMENTS AT SPRING-8 IN JAPAN
Authors: KOHRI H. , FUJIWARA M. , FUKUDA K. , HOTTA T. , KUNIMATSU T. , MORISAKI C. , OHTA T. , ONO S. , UEDA K. , URAKI M. , UTSURO M. , YOSOI M. , WANG S. Y. , BOUCHIGNY S. , DIDELEZ J. P. , ROUILLE G. , TANAKA M.
Published: June 2010

We are carrying out hadron photoproduction experiments by using polarized photon beams with energies of 1.5-2.9 GeV at SPring-8 in Japan. In 2005, we started developing a polarized HD target for future LEPS experiments using both the polarized photon beams and the polarized target. To introduce a polarized target plays an important role in upgrading the LEPS experiments to the next higher step. The measurement of double polarization asymmetries is expected to give important informations to investigate the nucleon hidden structure, hadron photoproduction dynamics, and exotic hadron property. We report on the present status of the development of the polarized HD target at RCNP. We will carry out a test experiment to confirm that the polarized HD target can be transported from Osaka university to SPring-8 without any problems in 2010. If we succeed in the test experiment, we will carry out a long experiment to take physics data in 2011-2012.
PHOTOPRODUCTION OF MESONS OFF LIGHT NUCLEI
Authors: KRUSCHE B.
Published: June 2010

In a series of experiments at the tagged photon facilities of the Bonn ELSA accelerator and the Mainz MAMI accelerator photoproduction of mesons from light nuclear targets (deuteron, 3 He ) has been studied. The experiments used the combined Crystal Barrel/TAPS setup in Bonn and the Crystal Ball/TAPS setup in Mainz. Meson photoproduction off the neutron has been investigated for the πo, πoπo, πoπ-, η, η′, and ηπo final states. A surprising finding was a narrow structure in the γn → nη excitation function, which is not seen in the proton case. Measurements of η- and πo-photoproduction off a liquid 3 He -target have provided further evidence for the formation of η-mesic 3 He .
BEAM ASYMMETRY Σ OF THE π- PHOTOPRODUCTION OFF NEUTRON
Authors: MANDAGLIO G. , BELLINI V. , BOCQUET J. P. , CASANO L. , D'ANGELO A. , DI SALVO R. , FANTINI A. , FRANCO D. , GERVINO G. , GHIO F. , GIARDINA G. , GIROLAMI B. , GIUSA A. , IGNATOV A. S. , LAPIK A. M. , LEVI SANDRI P. , LLERES A. , MAMMOLITI F. , MANGANARO M. , MORICCIANI D. , MUSHKARENKOV A. N. , NEDOREZOV V. G. , RANDIERI C. , REBREYEND D. , RUDNEV N. V. , RUSSO G. , SCHAERF C. , SPERDUTO M. L. , SUTERA M. C. , TURINGE A. , VEGNA V.
Published: June 2010

We present the analysis of data performed in order to identify the events of the γ + n → π- + p reaction obtained by bombarding a liquid Deuterium target with a polarised γ beam of 0.55-1.5 GeV at the Graal-experiment. We show the effect of different kinematic and hardware constraints used to reduce the contamination coming from the concurrent reaction channels. By the simulation we estimate the contamination degree due to the other reaction channels so we can test the reliability of our method. We describe a new three-dimensional cut based on the Fermi momentum reconstruction and its effect on the suppression of the concurrent double charged pion photoproduction. We present the preliminary beam asymmetry Σ of the π- fotoproduction off quasi-free neutron up to about θc.m., π- = 165° together with some theoretical multipolar analysis. For a comparison we also report the data present in literature on the same reaction for Eγ =850-1740 MeV and θc.m., π- ≤105°.
PROPERTIES OF HEAVIEST NUCLEI AT THE SADDLE-POINT CONFIGURATION
Authors: SOBICZEWSKI A. , JACHIMOWICZ P. , KOWAL M.
Published: June 2010

Properties of heaviest nuclei at their saddle point are studied in a multidimensional deformation space. The main attention is given to deformation and the shell correction to energy of the nuclei at this point. The analysis is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. A 10-dimensional deformation space is used. A large number of about 300 even-even heavy and superheavy nuclei with proton number 98 ≤ Z ≤ 126 and neutron number 134 ≤ N ≤ 192 are considered. Detailed results are illustrated for nuclei of the element 120. A large shell correction (up to about 7 MeV) is found for these nuclei. For most of them, the correction is larger than the height of the barrier, itself, as the macroscopic contribution to this height is negative.
RECENT RESULTS FROM THE REAL PHOTON EXPERIMENT AT MAMI
Authors: THOMAS ANDREAS
Published: June 2010

Experiments with real photons have been performed for many years at the Mainz accelerator MAMI with different detectors. The upgraded MAMI C accelerator recently delivered electrons with an energy of 1604MeV. The A2 collaboration performs experiments with energy tagged polarised real photons produced via 'Bremsstrahlung'. Linear and circular photon polarisation is possible. In the years 2005/2006 the Crystal Ball detector with its unique detection capability for multi photon final states was set up in Mainz. The Crystal Ball at MAMI setup offers an excellent possibility to study decays of the η and η′ mesons. Due to the high intensity photon beam the apparatus can be seen as an η-factory. Recent results from the Crystal Ball experiment at MAMI are presented. In the future we plan to use a longitudinal and transverse polarised frozen spin target to investigate the spin polarisibilities of the nucleons.
PROJECTILE FRAGMENTATION OF 36,40Ar INDUCED REACTIONS
Authors: TIAN W. D. , WANG H. W. , MA Y. G. , LIU G. H. , MA C. W. , SU Q. M. , YAN T. Z. , SHI Y. , CAI X. Z. , FANG D. Q. , CHEN J. G. , GUO W. , WANG K. , XU H. S. , HU Z. G. , XIAO Z. G. , SUN Z. Y. , GUO Z. Y. , XIAO G. Q. , LEI X. G. , LI B. , YUAN X. H. , ZHANG H. B. , YAO X. W. , GUO W. T. , ZHANG X. H. , GAO Q. , ZHENG C. , GAO H. , XU Z. G. , FU F. , HAN J. L. , FAN R. R.
Published: June 2010

Fragment yields of projectile fragmentation reactions using primary beams of 36,40Ar at 50 MeV/nucleon on 64 Ni target have been measured. Fragment yields of different isotopes were obtained for Z ≥ 5 in RIBLL fragment seperator. We compare the extracted yields to the predictions of the empirical parametrization of fragmentation cross-sections(EPAX) and Statistical Abration-Ablation model(SAA) considering the RIBLL separator transmission rate. Isotope yield ratios between these 2 reactions were calculated, isoscaling parameters α and β, their dependence on fragment atomic number Z and neutron number N were calculated.
EXPERIMENT PREX AT TJNAF: A MODEL-INDEPENDENT MEASUREMENT OF THE NEUTRON RADIUS IN 208Pb
Authors:   On behalf of the PREX Collaboration, URCIUOLI G. M.
Published: June 2010

Experiment PREX will take place in Hall A at TJNAF in 2010. It will measure the neutron radius Rn in the 208 Pb nucleus through the measurement of the parity violating asymmetry in electron scattering [Formula: see text], with σR and σL the cross sections for right handed and left handed electrons respectively. The projected accuracy of 1% on Rn constitutes a fundamental test of nuclear theory. This measurement of Rn will provide the best determination of the density dependence of the symmetry energy at the density of ordinary nuclear matter. As a consequence, the PREX result will have a big impact on phenomena like neutron star structure, heavy ion collisions and atomic parity violation.
MESONIC WEAK DECAY OF Λ–HYPERNUCLEI: A NEW TOOL FOR HYPERNUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: BUFALINO S.
Published: June 2010

The FINUDA experiment has performed a systematic study of the Mesonic Weak Decay (MWD) of Λ hypernuclei by analyzing all the data collected from 2003 up to 2007. Negatively charged pion spectra from mesonic decay were measured with magnetic analysis for the first time for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Branching ratio Γπ-/Γtot were derived from the measured spectra. Based on these measurements, the spin-parity assignment 1/2+ for [Formula: see text] and 5/2+ for [Formula: see text] ground-state are confirmed and a spin-parity 3/2+ for [Formula: see text] ground-state is assigned for the first time.

Ideas for precision measurements of MWD at the J-PARC accelerator's complex are finally presented.
DYNAMIC APPROACH TO ANALYSIS OF ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS OF FISSION AND QUASIFISSION FRAGMENTS
Authors: DROZDOV V. A. , EREMENKO D. O. , FOTINA O. V. , PLATONOV S. Yu. , YUMINOV O. A. , MANDAGLIO G. , MANGANARO M. , FAZIO G.
Published: June 2010

The dynamic model is proposed for description of the angular distributions of quasifission fragments. The model is able to describe experimental anisotropy of the angular distributions of fissionlike fragments for the 32 S , 28 Si +208 Pb reactions. It is also shown that the new model allows the description of the experimental mass-angular correlations in the quasifission fragment yields for the 64 Ni +197 Au reaction at 383 and 418 MeV of incident energies. The analysis was performed with the angular momentum and deformation dependent relaxation time of the tilting mode. Information on the dinuclear system lifetimes were obtained.
STUDY OF ISOTOPE AND VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF LIGHT FRAGMENTS IN THE 11B (32.9 AMeV) + 9Be (27Al, 197Au) REACTIONS
Authors: KAMINSKI G. , ARTYUKH A. G. , BUDZANOWSKI A. , ERDEMCHIMEG B. , FOMICHEV A. S. , KLYGIN S. A. , KONONENKO G. A. , KOZIK E. , KRUPKO S. A. , MIKHAILOVA T. I. , SEREDA YU. M. , TETEREV YU. G. , VORONTZOV A. N.
Published: June 2010

The longitudinal velocity and isotopic distributions of forward emitted fragments have been measured in the 11 B (32.9 AMeV ) + 9 Be (27 Al ,197 Au ) reactions. The range of isotopes from Helium to Nitrogen has been observed. The particular interest of this experiment has been to investigate the influence of direct and dissipative processes on the fragment production for different targets. The fast velocity component characterized by a Gaussian shape is rather well described in the frame of simple statistical fragmentation model, but with smaller value of the width of the distribution. Isotopic and velocity distributions have been compared to Universal Parameterization model implemented in the LISE + + code. Increased yields of 4 He and 7 Li isotopes are observed as a possible influence of the cluster structure of the 11 B nuclei on the total reaction mechanisms.
MULTIFRAGMENTATION IN COLLITIONS OF 4.4 GeV-DEUTERONS WITH GOLD TARGET
Authors: AVDEYEV S. P. , KARNAUKHOV V. A. , OESCHLER H. , KIRAKOSYAN V. V. , RUKOYATKIN P. A. , BUDZANOWSKI A. , KARCZ W. , NORBECK E. , BOTVINA A. S.
Published: June 2010

The relative velocity correlation function of pairs of intermediate mass fragments has been studied for d + Au collisions at 4.4 GeV. Experimental correlation functions are compared to that obtained by multibody Coulomb trajectory calculations under the assumption of various decay times of the fragmenting system. The combined approach with the empirically modified intranuclear cascade code followed by the statistical multifragmentation model was used to generate the starting conditions for these calculations. The fragment emission time is found to be less than 40 fm/c.
NEW EXPERIMENTAL METHOD OF INVESTIGATION THE RARE NUCLEAR TRANSFORMATIONS ACCOMPANYING ATOMIC PROCESSES: BREMSSTRAHLUNG EMISSION IN SPONTANEOUS FISSION OF 252Cf
Authors: EREMIN N. V. , PASKHALOV A. A. , MARKOCHEV S. S. , TSVETKOV E. A. , MANDAGLIO G. , MANGANARO M. , FAZIO G. , GIARDINA G. , ROMANIUK M. V.
Published: June 2010

High energy bremsstrahlung emission during spontaneous fission of 252 Cf is observed. The new experimental method to detect rare coincident events by digital storage oscilloscope is used. The γ-rays with energies up to 60 MeV have been measured (by a BGO detector) in coincidence with neutrons detected by a plastic scintillator. The determination of γ-ray emission probability up to the value of about 8 × 10-9event/(MeV × fission) at Eγ= 60 MeV is achieved.
BREMSSTRAHLUNG EMISSION ACCOMPANYING DECAYS AND SPONTANEOUS FISSION OF HEAVY NUCLEI
Authors: MAYDANYUK S. P. , OLKHOVSKY V. S. , MANDAGLIO G. , MANGANARO M. , FAZIO G. , GIARDINA G.
Published: June 2010

We present the first results in our study of the bremsstrahlung emission of photons accompanying the spontaneous fission of the 252 Cf nucleus. We compare calculations obtained on the basis of our fully quantum model with the experimental data available in literature for photon energies up to about 25 MeV. We find a well agreement between theory and experiment. The results of the bremsstrahlung emission accompanying the α-decay of the 226 Ra nucleus, which has a relevant quadrupole deformation, are also included in the paper.
Restoring maps and memoirs to four-dimensional space using virtual globe technology: a case study from the Scottish Highlands
Authors: Simpson Carol , De Paor Declan
Published: June 2010

Ben Peach and John Horne contributed to a revolution in the visualization of stratigraphy and structures using geological maps and cross-sections. In the century since their pioneering fieldwork, the analysis of map structures and the restoration of folds and faults in cross-sections have played a key role in enabling generations of structural geologists to develop theories of displacement and deformation in orogenic belts. However, classical printed maps have practical limitations. They are often inaccessible, they may be difficult to interpret and they are expensive to update when errors or new data come to light. Today, a new wave of the geological mapping revolution is in progress thanks to interactive geo-browsers such as Google Earth, which are opening up possibilities for tectonic visualization that were inconceivable only a decade ago. We discuss the digital deconstruction of classical geological maps of the British Isles and Ireland, such as those by William Smith, Sir Archibald Geikie, Ben Peach & John Horne, and others, and we demonstrate how Google Earth and Google SketchUp can turn the digitized versions of these maps into truly four-dimensional spatio-temporal visualizations.
Deformation temperatures, vorticity of flow and strain symmetry in the Loch Eriboll mylonites, NW Scotland: implications for the kinematic and structural evolution of the northernmost Moine Thrust zone
Authors: Thigpen J. Ryan , Law Richard D. , Lloyd Geoffrey E. , Brown Summer J. , Cook Brian
Published: June 2010

The Moine Thrust zone (MTZ) marks the Caledonian foreland-to-hinterland transition zone at the base of the Scandian (
c
. 430 Ma) orogenic wedge. In the Loch Eriboll region, the upper ductile part of the MTZ is composed in ascending order of two regionally extensive thrust sheets (Upper Arnaboll-Creag na Faoilin and Creagan) and is overlain by the Moine Nappe. Quartz crystal fabrics, kinematic vorticity (W

m

), and strain estimates from the ductile thrust sheets in this region are used to determine how pure and simple shear components of deformation are partitioned, and indicate that these processes may be thermally, structurally, and lithologically dependent. At the lowest structural levels, quartzite and gneiss in the Upper Arnaboll-Creag na Faoilin (UA-CNF) thrust sheet yield rigid grain-based arithmetic mean minimum (W

m

min) and mean maximum (W

m

max) vorticity estimates of 0.57 and 0.67, respectively (60–53% pure shear). Creagan thrust sheet mylonites yield W

m

min and W

m

max estimates of 0.59 and 0.72 (59–48% pure shear). At the highest structural levels, Moine Nappe mylonites yield W

m

min and W

m

max estimates of 0.59 and 0.71 (59–49% pure shear). Quartz
c
- and
a
-axis fabrics qualitatively indicate an increase in non-coaxial deformation (top-to-the-west) traced towards structurally higher levels, which is accompanied by increases in deformation temperature (
c
. 370 °C to
c
. 550 °C). Integrated strain and vorticity estimates indicate that significant sub-vertical foliation normal shortening has occurred as nappe stacking progressed.
Vorticity of flow in ductile thrust zones: examples from the Attico-Cycladic Massif (Internal Hellenides, Greece)
Authors: Xypolias P. , Spanos D. , Chatzaras V. , Kokkalas S. , Koukouvelas I.
Published: June 2010

Microstructural, petrofabric, strain and vorticity data from quartz-rich tectonites were used to investigate the kinematics of rock flow in the Evia and Ochi ductile thrust zones, formed during exhumation of the high-pressure nappes of the Attico-Cycladic Massif. The Evia thrust zone defines the base of the Styra nappe while the Ochi thrust zone defines the contact between the Styra and the overlying Ochi nappe. A dominant top-to-the-ENE sense of shearing along both thrust zones is indicated by several shear sense criteria. Deformation in the structurally deeper Evia thrust zone occurred under approximately plane strain conditions and was characterized by a R
XZ
strain ratio varying from 3 to 6. The vorticity profile above the thrust plane shows a slight down-section increase in the kinematic vorticity number (W

m

) from 0.8 to 0.9, as well as the presence of local thin domains with a higher pure shear component of deformation. In the overlying Ochi thrust zone, a downward increase in W

m

values from 0.6 to 0.9 is detected both above and below the thrust plane. Here, rocks have been deformed in the general constrictional field with R
XZ
values ranging between 5 and 8. A transport-parallel elongation of 30–90% and 50–160% has been estimated for the Evia and Ochi thrust zones, respectively, implying that ENE-directed extrusive flow controlled the formation, stacking and exhumation of the Styra and Ochi nappes.
Mid-Devonian sinistral transpressional movements on the Great Glen Fault: the rise of the Rosemarkie Inlier and the Acadian Event in Scotland
Authors: Mendum J. R. , Noble S. R.
Published: June 2010

The Rosemarkie Inlier is a small fault-bounded lens of interleaved Moine psammites and possible Lewisianoid orthogneisses with distinctive leucogranite veins and pods that lies adjacent to the Great Glen Fault (GGF). The basement rocks and most of the leucogranites are strongly deformed and tightly folded with foliations generally steeply dipping and a locally well-developed NE-plunging rodding lineation. Mid-Devonian sandstone and conglomerate unconformably overlie the inlier on its western side. Monazite from a deformed leucogranite vein gave a mean ID-TIMS
207
Pb/
235
U age of 397.6±2.2 Ma and acicular zircons gave a compatible concordant ID-TIMS U–Pb age of 400.8±2.6 Ma, dating emplacement as mid-Devonian. Xenocrystic zircons from the leucogranites and complex zoned zircons from two adjacent tonalitic gneisses gave LA-MC-ICP-MS concordant ages between 2720 and 2930 Ma confirming their Archaean Lewisianoid origin. Leucogranite emplacement is interpreted to mark the onset of Acadian transpression and sinistral strike-slip movement on the GGF that resulted in multi-phase deformation and oblique exhumation of the Rosemarkie Inlier. The sequence and structure of the Early-Devonian Meall Fuar-mhonaidh Outlier, 32 km farther SW along the GGF, are also linked to this tectonic event, which was apparently localized along the main terrane-bounding faults in Scotland.