bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI BRANDING PRODUK KERIPIK TEMPE DENGAN FORTIFIKASI EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR DI HOME INDUSTRI UD HASIL ALAM
Authors: Pribadi Rio Teguh , Aji Ardito Atmaka , Alfiyah Nurul
Published: June 2023

Strategi branding merupakan langkah yang dilakukan suatu merek untuk mencapai tujuan membangun citra merek (brand image) karena setiap perusahaan memiliki ciri khas yang tersendiri yang membuat dikenal oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk “Strategi Branding Produk Keripik Tempe Dengan Fortifikasi Ekstrak Daun Kelor  Di Home Industri UD Hasil Alam”. Produk ini merupakan produk baru sehingga perlu dilakukan strategi branding untuk lebih mengenalkan produk di masyarakat. Strategi branding yang dilakukan nantinya akan memenuhi unsur-unsur bauran pemasaran yaitu 9P meliputi Product, People, Price, Place, dan Promotion. Process, physical evidence, payment, packaging. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis matriks IFE (Internal Factors Evaluation) , matriks EFE (Internal Factors Evaluation), matriks IE (Internal External) dan matriks SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UD Hasil Alam memiliki tiga faktor kekuatan, tiga faktor kelemahan, tiga faktor peluang dan tiga faktor ancaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai IFE adalah 2,808 dan EFE adalah 2,640. Hasil matriks Internal External (IE) menunjukkan UD Hasil Alam berada pada posisi V, kondisi ini tergolong ke dalam Growth Strategy dan Stability Strategy.
In Vitro and In Vivo Antidiabetic, α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antibacterial Activities of Three Brown Algae, Polycladia myrica, Padina antillarum, and Sargassum boveanum, and a Red Alga, Palisada perforata from the Persian Gulf
Authors: Moheimanian Niloofar , Mirkhani Hossein , Purkhosrow Azar , Sohrabipour Jelveh , Jassbi Amir Reza
Published: June 2023

Background: In recent decades, algae have attracted worldwide attention for their great biological activities, such as antidiabetic and antibacterial properties. Objectives: We measured antibacterial and α-glucosidase inhibition potential of methanol and 80% methanol extracts of three brown algae species, Polycladia myrica, Padina antillarum, and Sargassum boveanum, and a red alga, Palisada perforata, from the Persian Gulf coasts. Methods: Antibacterial activity of the algal extracts was assessed by broth dilution method against three Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. Furthermore, the yeast’s α-glucosidase inhibition of the algal extracts was measured via colorimetric assay. In addition, we investigated the beneficial effect of 80% MeOH extract of S. boveanum on the blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Results: The MeOH extract of S. boveanum was the best antibacterial extract with MIC = 2.5 mg/mL against all bacterial strains except for E. coli. The MeOH and 80% MeOH extracts of P. myrica and P. antillarum inhibited α-glucosidase at most with IC50 values of 12.70 ± 1.88 µg/mL and 13.06 ± 4.44 µg/mL, respectively. The oral gavage of S. boveanum extract in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats resulted in decreasing their postprandial blood glucose levels. The algae and acarbose decreased blood glucose levels after sucrose administration in 60 minutes, compared to the non-drug-treated animals, with p values of 0.03 and 0.007, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, due to the in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of S. boveanum, we suggest the alga as a new source for the isolation and identification of potential antidiabetic and antibacterial compounds.
Cytotoxic Effects of Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) Extract on Human Hepatocyte Cell Lines
Authors: Shafie Mohammad , Ahmadi Bizhan , Khosravi Ali , Azimi Maryam , Derakhshani Ali , Saeedpour Ali , Shafieepour Sara , Zaherara Motahareh
Published: June 2023

Background: Arbitrary unsuitable consumption of Amaranthus caudatus L. (amaranth) extract has been reported in some patients with acute liver failure who were referred to Kerman Medical Centers. Also, some studies on rats have shown the hepatotoxic effects of amaranth extracts by increasing liver enzymes and serum bilirubin. Objectives: This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic and lethal effects of amaranth extract on human hepatocytes. Methods: After preparing amaranth extract and hepatocyte cells, the cells were incubated in four culture media, including Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and a control culture medium, with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and penicillin, and streptomycin, and stored and frozen after growth and proliferation. Then the cells were exposed to 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL dilutions of amaranth extract and incubated for 24 hours. Finally, the percentage of cell growth and proliferation was measured by cell survival tests, including MTT and neutral red assay, and flow cytometry. Results: Using MTT and neutral red assay and flow cytometry during different stages of increasing the dose of amaranth extract and evaluating the average light absorbance, it was shown that the culture medium containing a dose of 200 μg/mL of amaranth extract had the most cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on hepatocytes. Conclusions: Due to the hepatotoxic effect of amaranth plant extracts in toxic doses and induction of jaundice and acute liver failure in some patients, arbitrary consumption of this plant should be limited.
Enhancing Software Reliability against Soft-Error using Minimum Redundancy on Critical Data
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, Keshtgar Saeid A. , Arasteh Bahman B.
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, software systems play remarkable roles in human life and software has become an indispensable aspect of modern society. Hence, regarding the high significance of software, establishing and maintaining software reliability is considered to be an essential issue so that error occurrence, failure and disaster can be prevented. Thus, the magnitude of errors in a program should be detected and identified and software reliability should be measured and investigated so as to prevent the spread of error. In line with this purpose, different methods have been proposed in the literature on software reliability; however, the majority of the proposed methods are inefficient and undesirable due to their high overhead, vulnerability, excessive redundancy and high data replication. The method introduced in this paper identifies vulnerable data of the program and uses class diagram and the proposed formula. Also, by applying minimum redundancy and duplication on 70% of the critical data of the program, the proposed method protects the program data. The evaluation of the operation of the propose method on program indicated that it can improve reliability, reduce efficiency overhead, redundancy and complexity.
Antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia Coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections
Authors: Sabri BOUSBIA
Published: June 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections whether they are community or hospital acquired. Several risk factors are associated with UTIs, such as, amongothers, sex, previous UTIs, vaginal infections, and genetic susceptibility. In the present study, weanalyzed the resistance profile of Escherichia coli which is the bacterium frequently associated with urinary tract infections. E. coli strains were isolated by culture from urine from 150 episodes of urinary tract infections. Our results showed that among the 150 episodes tested, 102 were from females (69%) and 45 were from males (31%). The antibiogram results showed that E. coli strains exhibited high resistance against ampicillin and amoxicillin because these two antibiotics are the most widely used in the medical field. Imipenem and aminoglycosides, on the other hand, remain the most active molecules. Nevertheless, it is prudent to use these antibiotics, in order to reduce the risk of developing resistance against them.
Antioxidant activities of Hypochaeris laevigata var. hipponensis: Endemic species from Algeria
Authors: Nabila SOUILAH
Published: June 2023

Hypochaeris laevigata var. hipponensis (Asteraceae) is an endemic plant from Algeria. In the current study, we analyzed for the first time the antioxidant activities by five methods (β-Carotene bleaching test, DPPH test, ABTS radical cation reduction test, CUPRAC test, Ferrous ions chelating test) of three fractions of aerial part of plant: dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA) and n-butanol (BuOH). We also determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The fraction EA showed the highest values, followed by BuOH and DCM fractions. Furthermore, the antioxidant action was dictated by five methods and the tested plant fractions demonstrated a noteworthy antioxidant action.
Floristic diversity of cereal fields conducted under a pivot center in the Ouargla region (case of the cereal perimeters of Hassi Ben Abdallah)
Authors: SAYED Ibtissem
Published: June 2023

The characterization of the messicole flora of the cereal fields conducted under center pivots in the region of Ouargla was carried out from 96 floristic records in experimental plots distributed over the entire surface of the different pivots chosen for our experimentation and this throughout. The phenological development cycle of the planted crop. The total weed flora inventoried includes 52 species classified into botanical families, classes, biological groups and origins. The composition of the weeds is characterized by the dominance of the introduced messicoles, compared to the spontaneous species, provided essentially by the Poaceae (monocotyledons), botanical family and class characteristic par excellence of the weed flora of our study region. There is also a dominance of Asteraceae and Brassicaceae botanical families in disturbed environments. Therophytes were par excellence the most contributory species to the specific richness of the weed flora of the study region.
Characterization of twenty-two fig cultivars (Ficus carica L.) collected in north-eastern Algeria
Authors: Belattar Hakima
Published: June 2023

There is a significant lack of information and research about Algerian figs, whether for varietal characterization, preservation or enhancement of this genetic resource. The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is one of the oldest cultivated fruits in the world. Algeria is among the first Mediterranean countries producing figs. The evaluation of the ITAFV collection will allow the establishment of a database for the identification of ecotypes of interest for the direct development of the species and its future use in variety breeding programs. Morphological characterization and pomological evaluation were studied on the basis of the methodology established by IPGRI and CIHEAM, 2003 during three seasons (2012, 2013 and 2014). The phenotypic variability of the twenty-two cultivars shows the richness of the fig heritage of the ITAFV collection, Skikda (Algeria). The hierarchical classification based on the morphological descriptors of the leaf and the fruit has clearly revealed the importance of these parameters in the discrimination of fig varieties. The morpho-pomological characters used for the leaves and fruits indicated a fairly significant genetic variability between the cultivars studied with a relatively high degree of polymorphism.
Language Mathematics and Mathematics Language, Reading from Computational Linguistics
Authors: Mezhoud Salim
Published: June 2023

The language of mathematics is the system used by mathematicians to communicate mathematical ideas among themselves. This language consists of a substrate of some natural language using technical terms and grammatical conventions that are peculiar to mathematical discourse, supplemented by a highly specialized symbolic notation for mathematical formulas.

mathematical characterizations of various notions of linguistic complexity include also computational linguistics, philosophical logic, knowledge representation as a branch of artificial intelligence, theoretical computer science, and computational psychology. Mathematical linguistics has initially served as a foundation for computational linguistics, though its research agenda of designing machines to simulate natural language understanding is clearly more applied. Inductive methods have gained the upper hand in applied computational linguistics

The question is whether mathematics is a language, or that language is mathematical, and how computational linguistics employs language as mathematics.
The problem of translating the term between Arabic and English
Authors: Ali Areen
Published: June 2023

This paper studies the Theories of Translation and in particular Idiomatic Translation. This humble research also studies the threads that a translator must weave together so as to realize a readable and comprehensible translated text. A translator, therefore, must translate the text/idiom from the source language (SL) into the target language (TL) preserving fidelity to both languages. This paper also discusses the main points that cause a target text (TT) to be weak, along with the methods that must be followed and applied to make it as efficient as the source text (ST). The problem of translating idioms was also discussed within sociological, social, and scientific frames and contexts, alongside its reasons and suggested solutions
PELATIHAN METODE PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF DALAM PENGERJAAN SKRIPSI BAGI MAHASISWA S1
Authors: Nur Fitria Tira , Emy Prastiwi Iin
Published: June 2023

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan tentang metode penelitian kuantitatif dalam pengerjaan skripsi bagi mahasiswa S1. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini menggunakan metode ceramah dan diskusi (tanya jawab). Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan pada Selasa, 26 April 2022 pukul 15.30 – 17.00 WIB melalui platform Zoom Meeting dan Live Streaming YouTube. Peserta kegiatan ini terdiri dari 30 mahasiwa jurusan S1 Akuntansi Institut Teknologi Bisnis AAS Indonesia yang sedang menempuh skripsi. Dosen selaku narasumber kegiatan menyampaikan materi tentang bab 3 yaitu metode penelitian kuantitatif yang meliputi pengertian dan karakteristik metode analisis data kuantitatif, contoh judul penelitian kuantitatif, populasi dan teknik pengambilan sampel, teknik penentuan ukuran sampel, skala pengukuran instrumen penelitian, metode pengumpulan data dan teknik analisis untuk jenis penelitian deskriptif, komparatif, dan asosiatif. Selain itu, dosen (narasumber) kegiatan menampilkan bab 4 misalnya data penelitian, hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, analisa pembahasan hasil penelitian, kesimpulan dan saran, serta lampiran pada skripsi. Selanjutnya pada tahap penutupan, dosen selaku narasumber kegiatan memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta kegiatan (mahasiswa) untuk memberikan pertanyaan di kolom chat Zoom atau chat YouTube. Selama kegiatan berlangsung, peserta kegiatan aktif mengikuti kegiatan dan antusias peserta kegiatan dalam bertanya kepada dosen (narasumber) terkait dengan materi metode penelitian kuantitatif yang telah dijelaskan. Dosen (narasumber) tidak membatasi jumlah pertanyaan peserta, sehingga dosen (narasumber) menjawab seluruh pertanyaan peserta. Tindak lanjut dari kegiatan ini adalah perlu diadakannya kegiatan lanjutan sejenis yang lebih berfokus membahas tentang analisis data terutama dalam pengujian data.
ASSISTANCE FOR REVITALIZATION OF KELAPA LIMA BEACH AREA BASED ON RELIGIOUS MODERATION AS A TOURISM CENTER AND PEACE BUILDING FOR THE PAPUTUNGAN COMMUNITY
Authors: RAHMAN HAKIM ARIF , Ramadhani Irwan , Nikmah Khoirun , Mukminin Amir
Published: June 2023

Kelapa Lima Beach, which is located in Paputungan Village, West Likupang, North Minahasa, is a natural asset of the village on the sea coast. However, over time the name Kelapa Lima Beach began to dim even the generation of the 90s and below did not know the name of the beach owned by this village. So, people just call it Pante Muka. This beach, which has the beauty of dusk, used to be the center of the crowd, but now it is only as a boat stopover. This is because the social community is divided due to the construction of a hotel area by PT Bhineka Mancwisata on community land which he said had been purchased in the 90s. Therefore, the existence of KKN Nusantara students who carry out the strengthening of religious moderation can provide a way out in the midst of the community's perspective on this conflict. Students jumped in bringing the ABCD method whose emphasis is on asset development. Departing from this beach asset which is based on the longing of the community, students make students revitalize the beach. After this activity was carried out, the community again enlivened the vicinity of the beach. In fact, this indirectly supports the program of the tourism awareness group that is the core group of students in carrying out their work. This result can open up people's views regarding the potential assets owned. Later, the Kelapa Lima Beach area can become a tourism center that can grow the economy of the village community.
The Variant of Digital Signature Algorithm for Constant Message
Authors: Somsuk Kritsanapong , Atsawaraungsuk Sarutte , Suwannapong Chanwit , Khummanee Suchart , Sanemueang Chalida
Published: June 2023

This study aims to present a modified technique for signing constant messages. In general, intruders may often steal the digital signature of a constant message with relative ease. Assuming there is a constant message that must always be signed by the signer, the digital signature must equally have a constant value. If it is communicated through an insecure channel to the recipient or verifier and is intercepted along the way by attackers, they can assume the identity of the signer and use this signature for authentication. In fact, the proposed method, Digital Signature Algorithm for Constant Message (DSACM) and DSACMV2, are the result of the combination between RSA and OTP. In addition, OTP is selected for signing and validating procedures in which the secret key must be regenerated for each process. Thus, the ciphertext is constantly changing, but the message remains fixed. Moreover, RSA is chosen to protect the transmission of the secret key across an insecure channel. The experimental findings indicate that DSACM and DSACMV2 are suitable for signing a message with a constant value because the signature is an undetermined value. Although it takes two encryption procedures and two decryption processes, the time required to generate the secret key and perform the exclusive or operation increases little. In addition, the proposed methods have the benefit that the constant message is not modified. In fact, it must be combined with an integer such as a timestamp and a random number for the other techniques for changing the ciphertext, and it cannot be signed a single time if its length exceeds the private key.
Security Model for a Central Bank in Latin America using Blockchain
Authors: Romero Richard , Sanchez-Ancajima Raul A. , López-Cespedes Javier A. , Saavedra-López Miguel A. , Tarrillo Segundo Juan Sanchez , Hernández Ronald M.
Published: June 2023

Banking institutions in Latin America are the target of increasingly sophisticated and advanced cyber-attacks and threats, which increase every year and leave substantial economic losses, due to the high level of global interconnection and digitization of their operations. The objective of this work is to design a model to guarantee information security in a Central Bank in Latin America using Blockchain technology. Exploratory research, observation and inductive and deductive methods are used to propose Blockchain solutions in a Central Bank. The results are a model for secure transactions in Blockchain, Smart Contract functions and a data management process. It was concluded that the security model for a central bank provides high level of information management and storage of transactions in a secure and immutable way.
IOT-Based Generic Health Monitoring with Cardiac Classification Using Edge Computing
Authors: Stephen Dr.K. Vimal Kumar , Dr.V. Mathivanan , Manalang Antonio Rutaf , Udinookkaran Prajith , De Vera Rudiardo Percival Niñalga , Shaikh Mohammed Tariq , Al-Harthy Faiza Rashid Ammar
Published: June 2023

Background: The current environment of modern computation can offer a smart healthcare monitoring for the early prediction of disease detection. For the domain of healthcare services, the Internet of Things (IoT) has a vital role, and also aids in the enhancement of the data’s processing as well as predictions. The transfer of data or reports from one location to another will consume a lot of energy as well as time, and also does result in issues of high energy as well as latency. With edge computing, the disadvantages can be easily resolved. Objectives: This work presents a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based model of prediction which employs edge computing as well as IoT paradigms. The term edge computing will refer to a distributed environment framework that facilitates swift resource accessibility and response times by means of the local edge servers for processing at the end of the IoT devices. With this model, there can be an analysis of the health data which has been gathered by the IoT devices. Additionally, the edge devices will employ the edge servers for offering the patients as well as the doctors health-prediction reports in a timely manner. Methods: This work has proposals of an optimized CNN with Tabu Search (TS), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) as well as the hybrid TS-ABC algorithms. Results: Analysis of these proposed algorithms is done with the parameters of performance such as the rate of error and the accuracy. Also, these algorithms’ simulated outcomes have been able to demonstrate their superior performance in comparison to the other technologically advanced approaches.
Energy Efficient Secure Key Management Scheme for Hierarchical Cluster Based WSN
Authors: Prasad B.S. Venkatesh , H.R. Roopashree
Published: June 2023

Advance development in wireless sensor network (WSN) has offered tremendous applications in various fields. WSN consists of tiny sensors with unique features, capable of processing the sensed data and are resource constrained. WSN provides robust connection between objects to share information via wireless medium. Despite the significance, WSN face several issues such as more energy consumption, bandwidth constrain and security. Due to open environment and wireless medium secure data transmission within WSN is a critical issue, thus to cope with WSN applications a robust security development is required. Cluster based hierarchical network guarantees energy efficient over flat network. However existing security scheme employs high computational cryptographic functions which consumes more energy and has higher computational overhead. In this work we propose energy efficient hybrid secure key management scheme (EEHSKM) for secure communication from cluster head to base station. This scheme aims to optimize public key cryptographic steps and utilizes symmetric key cryptographic operations which extensively reduce energy consumption and ensures secure communication. The simulation results are evaluated to achieve QoS metrics.
Dynamic Inertia Weight Particle Swarm Optimization for Anomaly Detection: A Case of Precision Irrigation
Authors: Bekri Mohamed EL
Published: June 2023

Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a type of IDS that detects abnormal behaviors by analyzing system activity and network traffic. Anomaly-based IDS works by establishing a baseline of normal behavior for a system or a network. However, these types of systems are less used compared to signature-based IDS for one primary challenge: How to define this normal behavior baseline? The answer to this question is complicated, since it involves not only analyzing or learning from historical data, but requires and understanding of the business domain the system is implemented in. The present study proposes a novel approach to constructing an unsupervised data classifier that combines both Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and clustering techniques for anomaly detection. The primary objective of this methodology is to surmount the limitations that conventional clustering algorithms suffer from, such as their inability to identify non-linear patterns within the data, susceptibility to initial conditions, and difficulty in overcoming the problem of local optima. The concept of particle systems is discussed by examining their origins, search strategies, and convergence mechanisms. We use a variant of the Particle Swarm Optimization called Dynamic Inertia Weight-Particle Swarm optimization (DIW-PSO) for our clustering process, and we elaborate on the reasoning behind this decision. Subsequently, we describe the labeling algorithm used for the resulting clusters and we explain the process for identifying anomalous clusters. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method by applying it to an intelligent irrigation control system for cotton plants. The results show that our classifier was able to accurately detect abnormal patterns that deviated from the optimal water requirements and growth conditions of the plants.
IoT Cloud System Based Dual Axis Solar Tracker Using Arduino
Authors: Al anzy Laith Abdul Raheem , Abdullah Ahmed Aizaldeen , Aquraishi Ali Kahtan Lilo
Published: June 2023

Because of the urgent need for electricity and the shortage of it, humanity has searched for the most environmentally friendly and well-available types of energy. From the different types of energy that comes from the sun, wind, tides, hydro and thermal energy that emanates from the earth and is spontaneously replenished naturally, the focus has been on solar energy. Which represents the best source of energy as it is naturally available in life and does not cause any damage or pollution in particular to nature and life. Not to mention after-math effects. This project led to the development of a two-axis solar tracker with the Internet of Things (IoT) or cloud platform. The solar system improves the performance of the solar panels due to following and the sun's mobility. Four light-dependent resistors (LDRs) were used to detect sunlight and the maximum intensity of the light, two servo motors have been utilized to rotate the panels based on sunlight detection by the LDR, after that, we use the WiFi as an intermediary between the Arduino device and the cloud platform. The cloud represents the final destination for the data to be stored, manipulated and processed.
Investing in the future: prioritizing adolescent health in Pakistan
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Ahmed , Tasneem Shaikh Babar
Published: June 2023

Adolescence is the stage of life between ages 10 and 19, marking the journey from childhood to adulthood, and is considered the most critical time of human development. During this time, many significant physical, psychological, sexual, reproductive, and social changes occur, making it a critical phase of life. Despite the fact that approximately 21% of Pakistan's population consists of adolescents, the country currently lacks almost any policies focused on promoting adolescent health. Adolescents in Pakistan face significant challenges due to the lack of access to physical, mental, and sexual health services and limited opportunities for physical activity and recreation. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize this population group's health and well-being to address these pressing concerns by employing a holistic approach so that young people can be empowered to make informed decisions.
Technology and Human Agency
Authors: Preston Beth ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2023

Sustainable technology is a microcosm that illuminates the relationship between technology and human agency. We tend to think about sustainability in terms of the properties of things. However, technology is not just things but techniques which have their own bearing on sustainability, for users may employ sustainable technologies in unsustainable ways. Clueless or stymied users may be managed through education or redesign; however, there are intractable users who cannot be managed through either approach. I trace the cause of this intractability to interaction between the improvisational nature of human agency and the multiple realizability of artifact functions. I argue that managing intractable users requires going with the flow of their relationship to technology rather than trying to control it through education or redesign, and that democratizing the development and distribution of technology is the best way to do this. Finally, these results easily generalize to technologies not aimed at sustainability.
A simple and rapid CRISPR-Cas12a based detection test for diastatic Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Uotila Ida , Krogerus Kristoffer
Published: June 2023

Diastatic Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a common contaminant in the brewing industry. Currently available detection methods are either time consuming or require specialised equipment. The aim of this study was to develop a new rapid and simple assay for the detection of diastatic yeast from samples of beer and yeast. More specifically, the aim was to develop a simple and rapid assay that requires minimal laboratory equipment or training, and yields results as accurate as PCR-based methods. The assay consists of three main steps: DNA extraction, pre-amplification of DNA, and CRISPR-Cas12a based detection and visualisation. Different pre-amplification and visualisation techniques were compared, and the final assay involved a one-pot reaction where LAMP and Cas12a were consecutively used to pre-amplify and detect a fragment from the STA1 gene in a single tube. These reactions required a heat block, a pipette, and a centrifuge with the assay result visualised on a lateral flow strip. The assay was used to monitor an intentionally contaminated brewing fermentation and was shown to yield results as accurate as PCR with previously published primers. Furthermore, the assay yielded results in approximately 75 minutes. The developed assay offers reliable and rapid quality control for breweries of all sizes and can be performed without expensive laboratory equipment. It is suggested that the assay will be particularly useful for smaller breweries without well-equipped laboratories who are looking to implement better quality control.
Pelaksanaan Tugas Dan Fungsi Pengawasan Inspektorat Daerah Kabupatena Malaka Terhadap Kinerja Pemerintah Daerah Dan Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah
Authors: Esterisna Klau Maria , Yohanes Saryono , Petrus Leo Rudepel , Kholipah Siti Ainul
Published: June 2023

Inspektorat mempunyai tugas membantu Bupati dalam membina dan mengawasi pelaksanaan urusan pemerintahan yang menjadi kewenangan Daerah dan tugas pembantuan oleh perangkat Daerah. Permasalahan dan tujuan skripsi adalah: (1) Seberapa jauhkah pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi pengawasan inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Malaka? (2) Apa faktor penghambat pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi pengawasan inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Malaka terhadap kinerja dan keuangan Daerah?. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yakni mengenai ketentuan pelaksanaan kegiatan dalam menganalisis suatu kejadian, fenomena atau keadaan sosial dalam suatu daerah. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pelaksanan tugas dan fungsi Pengawasan Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Malaka terhadap Kinerja dan Keuangan Daerah melalui Audit, Review, Evaluasi dan Pemantauan, bertujuan untuk Penyusunan Laporan Hasil Pengawasan. Pemeriksaan yang dilakukan oleh Inspektorat daerah Kabupaten Malaka harus ada sedikit peningkatan pada bidang auditor dan penambahan sarana dan prasarana serta tambahan anggaran untuk pengawasan yang beresiko tinggi. Harus tepat waktu dalam penyampaian laporan hasil pemeriksaan, dan semakin menurunnya jumlah atau tingkat penyalahgunaan keuangan, serta tercapainya program kerja pengawasan tahunan sehingga hasil laporan dapat ditindak lanjuti secara maksimal. (2) Faktor yang menjadi penghambat dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi pengawasan inspektorat daerah Kabupaten Malaka terhadap kinerja dan keuangan Daerah yaitu Keterbatasan anggaran, Kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang bisa memfasilitasi kegiatan pengawasan serta kurangnya sumber daya manusia/auditor dalam pelaksanaan seluruh program kegiatan.
KATILIM HAKKININ TEMELİ: KÖY KANUNU
Authors: DALGIÇ Irmak
Published: June 2023

21. yüzyılda kamu yönetimi anlayışında yaşanan dönüşüm, demokrasi, katılım, şeffaflık gibi kavramları beraberinde getirmiştir. Birbirini destekleyen niteliğe sahip bu kavramlardan katılım, temsili demokrasi anlayışının yetersiz kalmasıyla birlikte daha önemli hale gelmiş; karar verme ve uygulama süreçlerine doğrudan katılımın önemi ulusal ve uluslararası metinlerde vurgulanmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak katılımcı demokrasi vurgusu yapılmaya başlanmadan çok önceleri ülkemizde 1924 tarih ve 442 sayılı Köy Kanunu yayınlanmıştır. Nüfusun yüzde 75’inin köylerde yaşadığı bu dönemde yayınlanan Kanun, katılımcılık ve demokrasi kavramlarının temelini oluşturuyor niteliktedir. Muhtar, ihtiyar meclisi ve köy derneği şeklinde üç organdan bahseden Kanuna göre karar alma organları seçimle belirlenmekte ve seçmenler köy derneğinin doğal üyesi sayılmaktadır. Cumhuriyet tarihinin en eski kanunlarından biri olan bu Kanunun 2009 yılında yayınlanan Köy Kanunu Tasarısı Taslağıyla revize edilmesi amaçlanmış, köy dernekleri bu taslakta yer almamıştır. Katılımcı niteliği gereği dünyada örnek olacak bu kurumun daha da geliştirilmesi gerekirken kaldırılmaya çalışılması kamu yönetiminin geçirdiği dönüşüme uygun değildir.

Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı öncelikle katılım, katılım hakkı ve yerel yönetimlere ilişkin kavramsal çerçeve çizildikten sonra katılım hakkının temellerini incelemektir. Günümüzde göz ardı edilmeye başlanmış Köy Kanununun ve yeni çalışmalarda yer almayan köy derneklerinin katılım hakkının kullanımında oynadığı role ilişkin bir tartışma yürütülecektir. Köy Kanunu ve köy dernekleri çalışmaları literatürde yer alsa da katılım hakkı kapsamında değerlendirme yapılan bir çalışmaya rastlanamamıştır. Dolayısıyla özgün bir niteliğe sahip bu çalışmanın amacı katılımcılık hakkının temelinde yer alan bir yerel yönetim birimi kanunu olan Köy Kanunun önemine ve bu Kanunun çağdaş ihtiyaçlara göre yeniden şekillendirilmesine vurgu yapmaktır.
PERINTAH SUJUD KEPADA ADAM DALAM AL-QUR’AN DAN KANDUNGAN PEDAGOGISNYA
Authors: Kerwanto Kerwanto
Published: June 2023

So far, the interpretation of the Qur'an with an educational approach (tafsīr tarbawī) has not given much attention, even though it is believed that the vital element in the revelation of the Qur'an is education itself. In this article the author attempts to find educational (pedagogical) messages contained in the verses of the Qur'an which discuss the command to prostrate to Adam. This study is important because so far the verses related to this theme have often been associated with theological, Sufistic and political messages (the ideal model of government). While attention to its pedagogical content is still lacking. This study can also be referred to as the thematic interpretation study (tafsīr maudhūi) because the author reviews the content of the verses of the Qur'an based on a particular theme, by following the steps of the thematic method in interpretation. With an educational approach (tarbawī) to the interpretation of these verses, the author finds psychological and ethical messages contained therein. Psychologically, Adam and the Devil as a symbolism of two inherently opposing natures in humans. Therefore, the bad qualities (Satan) must be subordinated to the good qualities (Adam). Meanwhile, ethically, humans can achieve happiness if they are able to subdue the following four bad characters: (1). Being arrogant, (2). Feeling more noble, (3). Kufr against favors and (4). Hasad.
Cardiologia Teoria e Prática - Edição VIII
Authors:   Guilherme Barroso Langoni de Freitas,   Ariádine Reder Custodio de Souza,   Hanan Khaled Sleiman
Published: June 2023

Este livro traz trabalhos sobre um dos sistemas vitais para nossa vida, responsável pelas principais incidências de mortalidade e morbidades, o sistema cardiovascular. Ele possui o coração como ator principal, caracterizado por batidas e frequências graciosamente rít-micas para distribuir sangue e oxigênio a todos os outros órgãos e manter a pressão arte-rial, filtração glomerular e tantas outras tarefas vitais. Até o final de 1800 a cirurgia cardíaca era algo impensado, entretanto, os avanços da ciência médica permitiram o advento de tratamentos eficientes, cirurgias minuciosamente realizadas de forma presencial e até remota, políticas públicas eficazes para prevenção, controle e tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares. Muitos estudantes, profissionais da área e pesquisadores tornaram este livro possível. Portanto, a Editora Pasteur deixa aqui o seu muito obrigado a todos e deseja uma ótima leitura nesta coletânea de estudos sobre o campo da Cardiologia.
SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AMONGST AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK COMMUNITY BASED AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME BENEFICIARIES IN NIGERIA
Authors: A.Y Nura
Published: June 2023

Improved technology adoption for agricultural transformation and poverty reduction is critical in modern day agriculture. The study examined spatial distribution of technology adoption among African Development Bank-Community Based Agriculture and Rural Development Programme (AfDB-CBARDP) beneficiaries in Nigeria. Multi stage sampling procedure was employed where a total of 1020 farmers/Project beneficiaries across the 5 project implementing units (PIU) were selected. The data was estimated using descriptive statistics. The result obtained indicated that the mean value across the states for improved seed, post-harvest, dry season and fertilizer application technologies adoption stood at 83.7%, 81.9%, 75.8% and 51.8%. Similarly, the mean adoption rates for improved livestock, and fisheries technologies were reported to be 68.7%, and 50.6%, respectively. On a state-by-state basis, the weighted mean rates of adoption for all the agricultural technologies indicated that Adamawa, Bauchi, Gombe, Kaduna and Kwara have 58.0%, 70.2%, 66.9%, 67.7 and 50.0% respectively. The findings of the study revealed that the mean adoption rate among females Project beneficiaries for post-harvest technologies like multi-purpose threshers, rice dehaulers, rice milling, groundnut extractors, hammer milling machines and grinding machines were appreciably higher having percentage values of 66.3%, 56.2%, 70.1%, 60.1%, 59.1% and 54.9% respectively. In the same vein, distribution of technology adoption reveals that adoption of seed, fertilizer and post-harvest technologies ranked highest than fishery technologies across the Project implementing units. Technology adoption on gender basis further revealed that Groundnut, cowpea, and soybean technologies were highly adopted among participating male than female farmers. Concurrently, the study indicated an appreciable level of agricultural technology adoption across the Project implementing units. However, the mean adoption rate of Artificial Insemination technologies was low (25.5%) having fell short of the 40% before a farmer is considered to be an adopter.  The study recommended among others that where the overall adoption rate is lower, further research is required to identify the key constraints to adoption so that corrective measures can be found which can be used to improve adoption of future AfDB-CBARDP supported technologies.
PERCEPTION OF THE EFFECT OF HUMAN INSECURITY ON AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AMONG RURAL DWELLERS IN SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Mufutau Rafiu Adeniyi , Adeokun, O. A.  , Osunmakinde, M. A.  , Awolola, A. A.
Published: June 2023

The study focused on perception of the effect of human insecurity on agricultural enterprises of rural dwellers in selected Local Government Areas of Oyo State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling was used to select 195 rural dwellers from the study area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used as inferential tools. Results showed that, majority (84.10%) of the respondents were married with mean age of, household size and farming experience estimated at 48 years, 7 persons and 13 years, respectively. Major agricultural enterprises engaged in by the respondents were vegetables production (88.21%), arable crop production (69.74%) and marketing of agricultural products%. Also, respondents perceived destruction of crops by animals (79.49%), encroachment of other person’s farmland without permission (68.72%) and clashes between rival cult (52.00%) as causes of human insecurity in the study area. Perception of the effect of human insecurity on agricultural enterprises showed that loss of human lives ranked 1st (= 4.78), human insecurity led to loss of house and properties ranked (= 4.52), human insecurity leads to reduced crop yield/productivity due to theft or burning of farm produce ranked (= 4.48). Among mitigating strategies adopted, provision of small-scale credit facilities was ranked 1st (= 4.21) and provision of health facilities for the stakeholders ranked 2nd (= 4.18) while counseling services for the stakeholders ranked 3rd ( = 3.96). There is a significant relationship between perception of the effect of human insecurity on agricultural enterprises of the rural dwellers and agricultural enterprises practiced by the respondents. The study recommends that, government in collaboration with business owners and companies operating in these crisis prone areas should engage stakeholders (community leaders, youth leaders and other leaders of Community Based Organizations) in a town hall meeting and collectively come up with lasting solutions to human insecurity in the study area.
ROLES OF WOMEN IN OIL PALM FRUIT PROCESSING IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: OGBONNA SYLANUS IBEABUCHI
Published: June 2023

The study assessed roles of women in the processing of oil palm fruit in Imo State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study described socio-economic characteristics of women palm fruit processors; identified processing methods and equipment used by them to process oil palm fruits; identified their roles in oil palm fruit processing; determined socio-economic factors that influence amount of income realized from palm fruit processing; and identified constraints faced by them in oil palm fruit processing. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 150 women processors. Data collected through use of structured questionnaire, were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression model. Results showed that mean age, household size and annual income from palm fruit processing of the respondents were 54 years, 7 persons and N127,985.71 respectively. Also, 64.0%, of them were married, with as much as 82.0% attaining diverse levels of formal education. Result also showed that 74.0% of the women used mortar and pestle in processing oil palm fruits. Results further showed that 80.0% and 68.0% of the women processors were involved in picking palm fruits from the bunch/threshing and carrying of palm fruit to processing site. Result of the multiple regression analysis using double-log functional form as lead equation posted R2 value of 0.710 and showed that education level, method of processing, membership of association, credit access, labour cost and price of product were significant determinants of income realized by women from palm fruit processing. Major problems constraining women processors were inadequate finance (82.0%) and credit facilities (72.0%). It was recommended that financial assistance should be given to women processors of palm fruit through loans from agricultural banks and other financial institutions. This should be done at low interest rates to encourage borrowing, which would lead to increase in income of women processors.
PERFORMANCE OF COOPERATIVES AMONG FARMERS IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Usman, A. B.  , Babaji, A.U.  , Muhammad, R.
Published: June 2023

The study examined the performance of farmers’ cooperatives in Dukku local government area of Gombe State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling techniques was used in selecting 72 respondents from the study area.  Data was collected using questionnaire. Sixty-three (63) questionnaires were returned and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that all the respondents were married, with majority (93.7%) being males. About 38.1% of the respondents fell within the age bracket of 41-50 and farming was their major occupation (77.8%), with 50.8% of the respondents having above 20 years’ experience in farming. The study further showed that 45 of the respondents, representing 71.4% identified ‘encouragement of self-help and cooperation’ as the major benefit they derived as a result of their membership in cooperatives. Socio-economic factors such as age, farm size and income were found to be significant (p˂0.05) factors influencing farmers’ access to cooperative loan. The study showed that ‘unavailability of loan to give out to members’ was the major constraint (88.9%) to loan accessibility by members of cooperatives. It was recommended that cooperative farmers be educated by extension workers on the need to pool the resources at their disposal and grant loans to members rather than wait for government loans.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF WATERMELON PRODUCTION TO WELFARE STATUS OF RURAL FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Oladoja, M. A.  , Mufutau, R. A.  , Ilori, A. R.  , Osunmakinde, M. A.  , Taiwo, A. M.
Published: June 2023

The study assessed the contributions of watermelon production to welfare status of rural farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 265 farming households across Ibarapa Areas of Oyo State. Data were collected on respondent’s socio-economic characteristics, production characteristics and contributions of watermelon production to welfare status. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, percentage and mean while inferential tools such as chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were used for hypothesis testing at p≤0.05. Results indicate that majority (66.04%) of the respondents were married with mean age, household size, farming experience, farm size and income from watermelon production estimated at 44 years, 6 persons, 7.6 years, 6.2 hectares and ₦98,790.85, respectively. Respondents were strongly involved in land clearing (71.32%), planting operation (64.53%), watering (51.70%) and sorting of watermelon (50.19%). Benefits derived by respondents from watermelon production include additional income generation (82.64%), vitamin supplements (66.04%) among others. Contributions of watermelon production to welfare status as perceived by the respondents include expenditure of household items ( = 3.33), purchase of more farming inputs ( = 2.99) and acquisition of more farming tools (  = 2.95). Nearly half (47.55%) of the respondents perceived contributions of watermelon production to welfare status as high. Major constraints faced in watermelon production were high cost of input (1.73), inadequate capital (1.66) and poor seasonal rainfall (1.58). Significant relationship existed between perceived contributions of watermelon production to welfare status and benefit derived (r = 0.338) and level of involvement in watermelon production (r = 0.692). It was concluded from the study that watermelon contributes significantly to welfare status of the respondents in the study area. The study therefore recommends that farm input such as pesticides, fertilizers and planting materials should be made readily available at subsidized rate for watermelon farmers. This will improve their production and in the long run improves the welfare status of the farming households.