bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of novel trivalent vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli for preventing newborn piglet diarrhea
Authors: Xu ChongLi , Peng Kun , She Yuhan , Fu Fengyang , Shi Qinhong , Lin Yimin , Xu ChongBo
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE

To develop a trivalent genetically engineered inactivated Escherichia coli vaccine (K88ac-3STa-LTB) that neutralizes the STa toxin by targeting fimbriae and entertoxins for the treatment of enterotoxigenic E coli.

ANIMALS

18- to 22-g mice, rabbits, pregnant sows.

PROCEDURES

Using PCR, the K88ac gene and LTB gene were cloned separately from the template C83902 plasmid. At the same time, the 3 STa mutant genes were also amplified by using the gene-directed mutation technology. Immune protection experiments were performed, and the minimum immune dose was determined in mice and pregnant sows.

RESULTS

The ELISA test could be recognized by the STa, LTB, and K88ac antibodies. Intragastric administration in the suckling mouse confirmed that the protein had lost the toxicity of the natural STa enterotoxin. The results of the immune experiments showed that K88ac-3STa-LTB protein could stimulate rabbits to produce serum antibodies and neutralize the toxicity of natural STa enterotoxin. The efficacy test of the K88ac-3STa-LTB-inactivated vaccine showed that the immune protection rate of the newborn piglets could reach 85% on the first day after suckling. At the same time, it was determined that the minimum immunization doses for mice and pregnant sows were 0.2 and 2.5 mL, respectively.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This research indicates that the K88ac-3STa-LTB trivalent genetically engineered inactivated vaccine provides a broad immune spectrum for E coli diarrhea in newborn piglets and prepares a new genetically engineered vaccine candidate strain for prevention of E coli diarrhea in piglets.
Assessment of Parectopa robiniella Clemens (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) Effect on Biochemical Parameters of Robinia pseudoacacia Under Conditions of an Industrial City in Steppe Ukraine
Authors: Shupranova Larysa , Holoborodko Kyrylo , Loza Iryna , Zhukov Olexander , Pakhomov Olexander
Published: December 2022

Antioxidant enzymatic activity and soluble protein content in Robinia pseudoacacia L. (black locust), invasive tree in Europe, plants were determined under feeding conditions of the caterpillars of Parectopa robiniella Clemens, 1863, invasive miner in Europe, in trees of three (I, II, III) age groups (5–10, 15–25, and 40 years). Biochemical analysis data showed significant differences between reference and experimental leaf samples in different urban ecosystems. There was no association between changes in catalase and peroxidase activity and protein content under the influence of leaf blotch miners depending on the tree age. Significant variability of proteins under P. robiniella influence was noted; the highest of its values were recorded in the leaves of ІІІ-aged trees. In most plantings (and especially in trees of age group III), an increase (1.2 to 2.7 times) in GPx activity or the absence of its changes was registered both in the ecologically favorable zone and in the locations affected by emissions from road transport and industrial enterprises. Plants of age groups I and II in the emission areas of metallurgical, pipe-rolling, and chemical industries experienced a significant decrease in GPx activity (by 20.2–44.6%) in the leaves damaged by the phytophage. In most of the plantings studied, catalase showed an increase/stability of its activity in all age groups of trees under condition of pest attack. The highest increase in САТ activity (2.1 times) was recorded in young R. pseudoacacia plants in an ecologically favorable area of the city.
Evolution of Land Cover in the Traras MTS. Region Between 1984 and 2020 by Remote Sensing and Gis (Northwest Algeria)
Authors: Farah Tahar , Taibi Nasr-Eddine , Chouieb Mohamed
Published: December 2022

In Algeria, the mountainous zones represent 11% of agricultural land of the country and are home to 25% of the population. The economic development and the associated urbanization have led to environmental degradation in the Traras Mountains, which are part of the Atlas Mountains. With the aim to evaluate the degradation consequences of this region, we focused on the evolution of land use and land cover over 36 years (1984–2020). Accordingly, we used Landsat and Google Earth Pro images, topographic and ecological inventory maps, as well terrain truth; our analysis tools were mainly based on ArcGIS, Global Mapper, and ENVI software. The diachronic analysis showed that the Traras Mountains lost 8,100 ha of agricultural and forestland between 1984 and 2020. Relating to this, we point out the destruction of 9,200 ha of forested area by the fire. The urbanization also contributed to the loss of agricultural and forested areas (6,300 ha), of which 27% are located in the coastal zone. The built-up situation led to an increase of soil impermeability which causes flooding during heavy rainfall.
Impact of Oxytetracycline on Apis mellifera Colonies: Preliminary Results on Residues and Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Mosca Michela , Giannetti Luigi , Franco Alessia , Iurescia Manuela , Milito Marcella , Pietropaoli Marco , Leto Andrea , Di Ruggiero Camilla , Mezher Ziad , Palazzetti Massimo , Gallo Valentina , Croppi Sofia , Macrì Salvatore , Formato Giovanni
Published: December 2022

We tested two summer protocols for oxytetracycline (OTC) administration on beehives to evaluate: toxicity for the bees, residues in honey and presence of genes encoding for OTC antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from the gut of adult bees. In July 2020, eighteen healthy colonies were divided into three groups. Two OTC treatment protocols - long and short, were devised, and one group was left untreated. We did not detect any toxicity on adult bees or brood but found OTC residues in the honey of the nest up to seven months after both treatments (210.3±221.2 µg/kg after long protocol; 216.2±238.4 µg/kg after short protocol), even in the untreated group (up to the mean 75.8±173.2 µg/kg). Antibiotic resistance genes were found, even in the untreated group, possibly due to the long exposure to antibiotics. More in-depth studies should be performed to verify how the long-term persistence of antibiotics impacted the beehive during the inactive season.
Intestinal Microbiota of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Treated with Amitraz
Authors: Żebracka Anna , Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska Anna , Nowakowicz-Dębek Bożena , Wlazło Łukasz , Dziechciarz Piotr , Borsuk Grzegorz
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study was to analyse the intestinal microbiota of honey bees (Apis mellifera) treated with amitraz. In the present study, the microbiological profile of the honey bee intestines showed minor changes in the microbiota following the application of amitraz. A comparison of the numbers of bacteria and fungi revealed a positive downward trend in the number of fungi. The number of decreased bacteria, included E. coli and especially Clostridium spp., which were not isolated from the intestines of bees treated with amitraz. The number of lactic acid bacteria before and after treatment was at a similar level of 8.3 log cfu/g of intestinal contents.
Cartographic sources as a base of knowledge about land use in selected areas in the north-western Poland
Authors: Ławniczak Radzym , Kubiak Jarosław
Published: December 2022

The aim of the research was to analyse land use changes and to develop a coherent base on the basis of available cartographic source materials – archival and contemporary topographic maps and spatial databases. The presented research is a continuation of works related to the cartographic visualization of changes in the distribution of the settlement network in the Noteć Forest – one of the largest forest complexes in Poland. The analysis was performed for nine villages together with their immediate surroundings, located in this area. The total surface area of lands covered by the study was 32,468 km2. Cartographic source materials were collected for selected areas. The archival maps were georeferenced and then digitized. In this way, the data has been transformed into a homogeneous system enabling further comparisons and analyses in an automated manner. Geodetic software (C-Geo), GIS (MapInfo, QGIS) and GNSS technology were used in the work. Cartographic sources can be successfully used for spatial analyses and environmental studies, providing reliable and available quantitative data. This type of research is important because it shows the changes taking place in the natural environment and can be used in works related to spatial planning, landscape ecology and social research.
Analysis of the dedusting process in a rectangular chamber filter
Authors: Krupińska Andżelika , Ochowiak Marek , Włodarczak Sylwia , Matuszak Magdalena , Kaźmierczak Julia
Published: December 2022

Purifying air from dust is a very important, current topic. There are many methods to minimize the amount of dust, one of them being chamber filters. This paper presents the research results of a newly designed rectangular chamber filter. The efficiency of the dedusting process is influenced by contamination properties, but also by the construction of the apparatus, inlet, and outlet location, the ratio of certain dimensions, and the gas flow rate. The airflow containing solid particles is a multi-phase, difficult-to-describe issue, therefore an attempt to determine the trajectory of particle movement in the apparatus was carried out using the PIV method. A decrease in the dedusting efficiency was observed with the increase of the gas flow rate, as well as for smaller diameters of the solid particles. The obtained values of the efficiency of the apparatus are comparable with the values obtained for the constructions discussed in other papers.
Method of purification of post-production condensates from polyester polyol production
Authors: Lewandowski Marek , Biniecka Paulina
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, the topics of closed-loop and eco-design are raised very often, especially in the chemical industry. To combine development with these trends, Purinova Sp. z o.o. has focused on pursuing the closed-loop use of post-production condensate from polyester polyols production. To this end, purification and distillation processes have been adapted, both at the laboratory and production scale, to receive treated condensate with decreased Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) index. The method involves connected purification of production condensate by returning condensate to the top of the distillation column during polycondensation and two stages distillation system afterwards. The method allows for decreasing COD index and contents of diethylene glycol and 1,4-dioxane. The resulting technology has consequently allowed the use of tailored distillation in the purification of post-production condensates in the production of polyester polyols. Furthermore, the quality of the condensate obtained allowed it to be used in the closed loop of the production plant.
Zero-modified Poisson-Modification of Quasi Lindley distribution and its application
Authors: Tharshan Ramajeyam , Wijekoon Pushpakanthie
Published: December 2022

The Poisson-Modification of Quasi Lindley (PMQL) distribution is a newly introduced mixed Poisson distribution for over-dispersed count data. The aim of this article is to introduce the Zero-modified PMQL (ZMPMQL) distribution as an alternative to the PMQL distribution in order to accommodate zero inflation/deflation. The method of obtaining the ZMPMQL distribution jointly with some of its important properties, namely the probability mass and distribution functions, mean, variance, index of dispersion, and quantile function are presented. Furthermore, some of its special cases are discussed. The maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method is used for the unknown parameter estimation. A simulation study is conducted in order to evaluate the asymptotic theory of the ML estimation method and to show the superiority of the ML method over the method of moments estimation. The applicability of the introduced distribution is illustrated by using a real-world data set.
Comparison of confidence intervals for variance components in an unbalanced one-way random effects model
Authors: Jiratampradab Arisa , Supapakorn Thidaporn , Suntornchost Jiraphan
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to study and compare the methods for constructing confidence intervals for variance components in an unbalanced one-way random effects model. The methods are based on a classical exact, generalised pivotal quantity, a fiducial inference and a fiducial generalised pivotal quantity. The comparison of criteria involves the empirical coverage probability that maintains at the nominal confidence level of 0.95 and the shortest average length of the confidence interval. The simulation results show that the method based on the generalised pivotal quantity and the fiducial inference perform very well in terms of both the empirical coverage probability and the average length of the confidence interval. The classical exact method performs well in some situations, while the fiducial generalised pivotal quantity performs well in a very unbalanced design. Therefore, the method based on the generalised pivotal quantity is recommended for all situations.
An investigation into the use of metadiscourse in undergraduates’ abstracts in social sciences
Authors: Ruonan Lin , Al-Shaibani Ghayth Kamel Shaker
Published: December 2022

There is very little research on the use of metadiscourse markers in abstracts across different disciplines (especially in a single study) in the research of undergraduates as novice researchers, and little qualitative research has been done on the topic in EFL and ESL contexts altogether. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the use of metadiscourse markers in EFL and ESL undergraduates’ abstracts in social sciences across three disciplines (English Language and Communication, Mass Communication, and Psychology) in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts at UCSI University, a Malaysian private university. We adopt Hyland’s (2005) interpersonal model which involves two main categories – interactive metadiscourse and interactional metadiscourse – to analyse all 62 abstracts collected from the 2016 Colloquium held at the faculty. The method used is qualitative to categorize the metadiscourse markers accordingly as well as counting their frequencies. The findings showed that the interactional metadiscourse markers were used nearly twice as often as the interactive discourse markers for the three disciplines, and the most used markers are boosters. The most used interactive metadiscourse markers are transitions, followed by frame markers, evidentials, code glosses, and endophoric markers. The findings can be used by ESL and EFL instructors when teaching students learning argumentative writing and research writing to use metadiscourse markers to make arguments and write proper critiques to reflect their stance and voice. This research adds some insights into this neglected genre of academic discourse at the undergraduate level.
The Universal Peace Federation (UPF): Origins, Development, and Challenges of the Unificationist “Abel United Nations”
Authors: Zoehrer Dominic S. , Pokorny Lukas K.
Published: December 2022

The Universal Peace Federation or UPF is a United Nations-affiliated NGO established in 2005 by Mun Sŏn-myŏng (1920–2012), the founder of the South Korean Unification Movement. Mun deemed the UPF’s formation “the most revolutionary and wondrous event since God’s creation of human-kind,” assigning the organisation a pivotal role in his millenarian project. This article continues the discussion in Pokorny and Zoehrer 2022 (which addressed the context, birth, and millenarian anatomy of the UPF), outlining the history of the UPF with a focus on its changing self-conception, leadership shifts, and global activities. It examines how the UPF has articulated and put into practice its millenarian founding ideal over the course of three stages of its development. Finally, it highlights major external and internal challenges, which not only informed the UPF’s identity-building and public perception but render the organisation systemically vulnerable.
Groove Planting System (GPS) Analysis of The Growth of Teak (Tectona grandis) in Ex-Lime Stone mining land
Authors: Nurtjahyani Supiana Dian , Oktafitria Dwi , Wulan Sri , Arifin Ahmad Zainal , Purnomo Eko
Published: December 2022

The groove planting system (GPS) is one of the modifications in the plant planting system on ex-limestone mining land. The method used in the implementation of the GPS is to create a basin in the form of an elongated groove on the ex-limestone mining land that has not been reclaimed. Tectona grandis can be grown on less fertile land. This is even recommended by the government, where forest areas were set for planting with teak limited to places that are less fertile and steep. The growth of a plant can be influenced by environmental factors and genetic factors. The interaction between these two factors will determine the growth of a plant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the Groove planting system (GPS) on the growth of teak (Tectona grandis) in limestone ex-mining areas. The method in this research was an experimental method that was carried out in the former limestone quarry of PT Semen Indonesia in 2020. The results showed that the growth of teak seen from the parameters of plant height, bar chart, leaf number, and leaf color increased. For example, leaf color with a conventional system has a scale of 3 with a GPS scale of 5. Conclusion The GPS method is very effective for the growth of teak (Tectona grandis) because there is an increase in growth and color scale in terms of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and leaf color parameters.
Impact Of Rural Development Program On Agriculture Production and Rural-Urban Migration In Indonesia
Authors: Yasa Murjana , Sukadana Wayan , Meydianawathi Luh Gede
Published: December 2022

Indonesia is a very fertile agrarian country. Agriculture almost provides 40 per cent of jobs for the population. Ironically, agriculture is often identified with poverty. Farming is often engage with underemployment and become the last employment option for the job seeker. On the other hand, the ever-increasing numbers of Indonesian demand on food should be a potential market for the agricultural industry. However, domestic production and supply are often inadequate, forcing the government to import. The government is very vigorous in the construction of various infrastructure to support the development of agricultural field. Starting from the construction of supporting physical facilities such as irrigation to various training programs and capital. Therefore, this study will analyse the impact of various rural development programs that the Indonesian government has made on agricultural production in Indonesia. This study used two types of control variables to control the impact of the infrastructure development program. The first type is derived from the characteristics of farmers such as, various demographic characteristics and risk behaviour. Second is the control variable derived from the natural state such as geography and weather characteristics. The analysis used is panel data regression analysis on IFLS data. Based on the results of the analysis, we find that there is not enough solid evidence that various government programs are able to increase agricultural production. However, other results indicate that there is a tendency for people not to move to urban areas compared to before the program. This indicates a future opportunity to improve and resume various programs that have been implemented.
PENGARUH METODE EKSTRAKSITERHADAP KANDUNGAN ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azaradiracta ndica Juss)
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Supriyadi Moh. , Fakhry Moh.
Published: December 2022

: Ekstrak daun mimba mempunyai aktifitas antioksidan. Metode ekstraksi berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan dapat mempengaruhi senyawa yang bertindak sebagai antioksidan seperti flavonoid dan fenol. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan perhitungan aktivitas antioksidan dan nilai efektivitas dengan metode ekstraksi yang berbeda untuk melihat pengaruh metode ektraksi terhadap hasil ekstraksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan perlakuan metode ekstraksi pamanasan dengan cara perebusan dengan variasi pengecilan ukuran (blender dan penumbukan) dan metode pamanasan dengan cara microwave dengan variasi pengecilan ukuran (blender dan penumbukan). Sehingga diperoleh 4 perlakuan dan dilakukan pengulangan percobaan serta pengulangan analisa sebanyak 3 kali. Perbedaan metode perlakuan ektraksi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kandungan antioksidan yang dihasilkan dari ekstrak daun mimba. Semakin lama panas yang diberikan terhadap ekstrak daun mimba maka semakin kecil antioksidan yang dihasilkan. Metode ekstraksi yang terbaik adalah dengan menggunakan metode penumbukan yang dilanjutkan dengan pemanasan menggunakan mikrowave dengan nilai antioksidan sebesar 46,781 %. Pengecilan ukuran dengan cara ditumbuk lebih baik daripada menggunakan blender karena pada saat diblender menghasilkan panas yang dapat menghacurkan kandungan bioaktif yang ada pada daun mimba. Pemanasan menggunakan mikrowave lebih baik daripada direbus karena panas yang dihasilkan lebih sedikit.
Analisis Nilai Tambah Dan Penentuan Prioritas Produksi Produk Kopi Di Arca Coffee Kintamani Bangli
Authors: Situmeang Vera Wati , Satriawan I Ketut , Suryawan Wiranatha A. A. P. Agung
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to calculate the added value generated in the processing of coffee products at Arca Coffee and determine production priorities in the processing of coffee products at Arca Coffee. This study uses the Hayami method to analyze added value. Demand forecasting uses the moving average method, exponential smoothing method, trend project method (linear trend) as well as Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) to calculate the error value in the forecasting method used to determine the best forecasting method. The results showed that the added value generated in the processing of natural coffee bean products, honey coffee beans, and whole washed coffee beans at Arca Coffee respectively was Rp 9,200/kg, Rp 9,100/kg, and Rp 8,000/kg with successive value-added ratios of 40.00%, 39.57%, and 36.36% and the priority of production in processing coffee products at Arca Coffee was full washed coffee beans respectively, honey coffee beans, and natural coffee beans.
Бронзовые матрицы с Никольского селища: к вопросу об их применении в качестве разновесок в средние века
Authors: Винничек Владимир Альбертович , Винничек Карина Михайловна
Published: December 2022

В данной статье рассматривается очередная находка бронзовой ювелирной матрицы с Никольского селища, которая применялась в золотоордынское время для изготовления из листового металла полых украшений – нашивных элементов одежды. Авторы рассматривают данный предмет в составе комплекса подобных матриц, обнаруженных ранее на площадке поселения и относящихся к ювелирной ремесленной мастерской XIV в. Было проведено взвешивание всех известных ювелирных матриц, обнаруженных на территории Никольского селища. Результаты показали, что их масса, возможно, ориентирована на весовые стандарты, принятые для чеканки монет в Золотой Орде в XIV веке. Это позволяет предполагать, что они могли использоваться не только в качестве ювелирного инструмента, но и как гирьки для определения веса металла и полученных из него изделий. Для подтверждения или опровержения авторской гипотезы необходимы статистические данные весовых параметров ювелирных матриц с других золотоордынских памятников.
Кочевое население Самарского Поволжья в эпоху Золотой Орды
Authors: Сташенков Дмитрий Алексеевич , Кочкина Анна Федоровна
Published: December 2022

Среди памятников золотоордынского периода Самарского Поволжья отдельную категорию составляют погребения, оставленные кочевым населением региона. В настоящее время имеются сведения о 36 погребальных памятниках золотоордынского времени, на которых исследовано 64 захоронения, связываемых с кочевым населением. Большая часть выявленных захоронений расположена на левом берегу реки Волги в бассейнах рек Самара, Большой Кинель, Сок. Особую группу составляют захоронения с конем, выявленные на мордовских некрополях. В статье дается характеристика этих погребений, проводится сопоставление их с кочевническими комплексами Самарского региона. На основе анализа закономерностей размещения погребальных комплексов в Самарском Поволжье выделяется несколько групп памятников, связанных с различным характером использования территории кочевниками. Выявленные комплексы датируются второй пол. XIII – серединой XIV в. После событий 1360-х гг. территория Самарского Поволжья приходит в запустение. По письменным источникам известно, что в XV-XVI вв. земли к востоку от реки Волги использовались кочевниками в качестве летних пастбищ, однако археологические комплексы этого времени не зафиксированы.
Магнитометрические исследования памятников Золотой Орды Нижнего Поволжья
Authors: Бездудный Владимир Григорьевич , Пигарёв Евгений Михайлович , Ситдиков Айрат Габитович
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена использованию неконтактных методов изучения археологических памятников большой площади. В работе приводятся результаты магнитометрических исследований на Селитренном городище (город Сарай ал-Джедид – столица Золотой Орды) и на Лапасском комплексе, представляющем собой некрополь золотоордынской аристократии. В сравнительном анализе показаны результаты аэрофотографирования и топографической съемки археологических объектов. Предложены варианты дешифровки данных магнитометрии и результаты проверки этих данных археологическими методами. Авторами рекомендуется использование магнитометрических исследований при реализации проектов по музеефикации археологических памятников.
Обустройство жилого пространства в нео-энеолите Южного Зауралья
Authors: Яковлева Екатерина Сергеевна
Published: December 2022

Статья ставит своей задачей возвращение к данным хорошо известных опубликованных памятников Южного Зауралья и сопоставление их с материалами недавних раскопок с целью осмысления проблемы обустройства жилого пространства в нео-энеолитическое время. Отмечаются характерные черты стоянок региона – наличие жилищных объектов типа очагов, каменных выкладок, отдельных столбовых ям, - без явных следов собственно жилищ, а также активное использование для обустройства скальных выходов и каменного сырья. Предлагается интерпретация фиксируемых остатков как «площадок» и «жилых комплексов», приводятся сходные пути решения аналогичных проблем применительно к стоянкам каменного века иных территорий. Предполагается, что это поможет решить отдельные методические вопросы полевого и камерального этапов работ и повысить источниковый потенциал памятников Южного Зауралья.
Хронология сейминско-турбинских бронз на основании ближневосточных и китайских источников и датировки извержения Санторина
Authors: Григорьев Станислав Аркадиевич
Published: December 2022

Сейминско-турбинские бронзы распространяются в Евразии при переходе от среднего к позднему бронзовому веку, но абсолютная хронология этого горизонта не ясна. Это связано с проблемами радиоуглеродной хронологии, ее широкими доверительными интервалами и тенденцией к удревнению дат. Широкое распространение этой традиции и ее дериватов от Европы до Китая позволяет связать их с исторической хронологией. Опорой для этого являются хронология династии Шан в Китае, дендрохронология Центральной Европы и хронология шахтных гробниц Греции, связанная с египетской хронологией. Возможность для их сопоставления дает извержение вулкана Санторин. Анализ материалов показывает большую адекватность исторических дат и возможность датирования сейминско-турбинских бронз XVIII – второй четвертью XVI в. до н. э. Однако, если верхняя граница интервала датируется достаточно надежно, то нижняя остается не ясной.
Турбаслинско-именьковская общность: проблемы изучения
Authors: Казаков Евгений Петрович
Published: December 2022

В средневековой истории Евразии до сего времени слабо освещенными остаются древности такой обширной языковой общности как сарматская. Ранее занимавшие широкую территорию, в результате глобальных военно-политических действий кочевников степей, прежде всего тюркоязычных, сарматы были оттеснены к границам своего обитания. Так в середине VI в. большие массы сармат отошли к Урало-Поволжью, местам их летних кочеваний, где и осели. Здесь они оставили многочисленные комплексы разных культур, которые получали разную этнокультурную интерпретацию. Ситуация в изучении сармат в регионе изменилась, когда в 80-е гг. XX в. были изучены памятники Коминтерновского комплекса (городище, 3 селища, 2 могильника) в Спасском районе Татарстана, в которых сочетались основные элементы турбаслинской и именьковской общностей. Явно имеющее сарматское происхождение, население Коминтерновского комплекса активно занималось торговлей. В статье освещается лишь верхневолжский торговый путь, активно используемый торговцами неволинской культуры, которые дошли до Скандинавии. Вполне вероятно, что известная по скандинавским сагам легендарная страна Биармия и их жители – «биармы» – связаны с дальними походами средневековых сармат рассматриваемого региона.
Мусульмане в Средневековой Руси: в поисках неуловимых следов
Authors: Коваль Владимир Юрьевич
Published: December 2022

Автором рассматривается проблема поиска следов присутствия мусульман на территории расселения славянских племен в Восточной Европе и русского государства (в VIII–XVI вв.). При археологических исследованиях тут не обнаружено ни мусульманских погребений, ни других свидетельств присутствия на это территории мусульман. Между тем, мусульмане (воины, купцы, администраторы) приезжали сюда и проживали подолгу в этих землях. Причина может крыться в недостаточной изученности территории и обособленном размещении мусульманских кладбищ. Большинство артефактов, поступавших на эту территорию из стран ислама, были предметами торговли и не могут прямо свидетельствовать о проживании мусульман. Одним из возможных свидетельств присутствия мусульман на Руси предложено рассматривать кумганы, которые служили специальными ритуальными сосудами в исламской среде. При этом те же сосуды могли использоваться и как столовые, поэтому использовать такой критерий надо с большой осторожностью.
Штрихи к портрету материальной культуры Солхата (на примере охранных раскопок 2011 г.)
Authors: Майко Вадим Владиславович
Published: December 2022

В статье предпринят анализ предметов материальной культуры золотоордынского Солхата. В качестве источника использованы материалы охранных раскопок города 2011 г. Это находки из заполнения жилого комплекса третьей четверти XIV в., возникшего на месте бани первой половины XIV в. Богатство и разнообразие находок позволило рассмотреть практически все группы предметов, составлявших основу материальной культуры города рассматриваемого хронологического периода. Для атрибуции и сравнения использованы синхронные сходные предметы материальной культуры Волжской Булгарии, тщательно описанные и типологизированные. В рассмотренном комплексе не встречены предметы вооружения, ценная посуда и редкие типы украшений. В подавляющем большинстве это бытовые предметы и рядовые украшения, выполненные на высоком уровне. Такие характерные черты сближают рассмотренный комплекс с материальной культурой т.н. малых золотоордынских городов Поволжья.
Погребения кочевой знати из курганного могильника «Айгурский-1» на Северо-Востоке Ставрополья
Authors: Бабенко Виталий Александрович
Published: December 2022

В статье публикуются материалы раскопок курганного могильника «Айгурский-1» в Ставропольском крае в 2000 г. Памятник расположен на северо-восточных склонах Ставропольской возвышенности, на водоразделе реки Айгурка (правый приток р. Калаус) и б. Джухта (бассейн Восточного Маныча). В кургане 1 было доисследовано два ограбленных погребения эпохи Золотой Орды. В них обнаружены остатки богатого инвентаря, имеющего аналогии в памятниках Центрального Предкавказья, Нижнего Подонья, Нижнего Поволжья и Среднего Поволжья. Вызывают интерес стеклянные украшения и фрагменты филигранного украшения. Взаимное расположение погребений свидетельствует о вероятных родственных связях между погребенными. Судя по сохранившемуся инвентарю, в кургане были похоронены представители кочевой элиты. Это еще один элитный комплекс золотоордынской эпохи на северо-восточных склонах Ставропольской возвышенности.
От археологических разведок до междисциплинарных научных исследований памятников Острова-града Свияжск в 1990-х–2000-х гг.
Authors: Кузьмина Илзиря Ришатовна
Published: December 2022

В статье проанализированы фундаментальные преобразования в системе государственной охраны культурного наследия, произошедшие в Республике Татарстан в 1990-х-2000-х годах, которые внесли качественные изменения в процесс сохранения историко-культурного наследия в исторических поселениях региона. На примере Свияжского исторического поселения проанализированы изменения методологических подходов к сохранению объектов археологического наследия острова и прилегающих к нему территорий от разведок и охранно-спасательных работ до комплексной научной консервации и архитектурно-археологической реставрации объектов и археологических артефактов, опирающихся на результатах проведенных междисциплинарных научных исследований последних десятилетий.
Рецензия на монографию: Вихляев В. И., Петербургский И. М., Седышев О. В. Древние и средневековые поселения мордвы. Саранск: Морд. университет, 2013. 216 с.
Authors: Ставицкий Владимир Вячеславович
Published: December 2022

Рецензируемое издание это первая монография, посвященная поселениям древней и средневековой мордвы. В ней описаны результаты раскопок шести поселений, три из которых публиковались ранее. Данные памятники авторы относят к периоду от середины I тыс. н. э. до XVIII в. Однако данная хронология носит дискуссионный характер, поскольку мордовских могильников в бассейнах рек Мокша и Вад ранее второй половины VII века не зафиксировано. А их хронология достаточно хорошо изучена. По своей структуре монография больше похожа на сборник статей, в которых публикуются данные научных отчетов о раскопках. Кроме предисловия и заключения в ней нет обобщающих разделов. Каждая глава представляет собой описание одного поселения, отсутствует единая стилистика изложения материала. Ряд недостатков имеет графическое оформление чертежей и рисунков. Все описанные в книге поселения относятся к разряду пойменных. Они разделены авторами на четыре категории: стоянки, небольшие деревни, производственные комплексы и хутора. На этих поселениях исследованы: дома, временные сезонные жилища, летние кухни, погреба, хозяйственные ямы, железоплавильные печи, глинобитные площадки для обмолота зерна. В монографии введены в научный оборот материалы раскопок ряда неопубликованных памятников, что позволило существенно расширить источниковую базу по ранним периодам мордовской истории.
К юбилею Марины Дмитриевны Полубояриновой
Authors: Волков Игорь Викторович , Недашковская Надежда Игоревна , Недашковский Леонард Федорович , Ситдиков Айрат Габитович
Published: December 2022

В статье дается характеристика научной деятельности крупного специалиста по средневековой археологии Поволжья и Древней Руси М.Д. Полубояриновой, в ноябре 2022 г. отметившей 90-летний юбилей. Она родилась в Москве, где закончила МГУ, а с 1956 г. работала в Институте археологии академии наук. Основные исследования ученого посвящены материалам Волжской Булгарии и Золотой Орды, много лет М.Д. Полубояринова раскапывала Болгарское городище. На основе кандидатской диссертации была опубликована монография «Русские люди в Золотой Орде». В книге «Украшения из цветных камней Болгара и Золотой Орды» обобщены данные об изделиях из драгоценных и поделочных камней, результаты исследования находок древнерусских материалов в Среднем Поволжье. Результаты изучения булгарских и золотоордынских материалов в археологических памятниках Древней Руси приведены в труде М.Д. Полубояриновой «Русь и Волжская Болгария в X-XV вв.».
Endodontic treatment of a mandibular canine with two canals: a case report in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlOmran Lama , AlSuhaibani Amal , AlNeshmi Basma
Published: December 2022

Background: One root with one canal is the most typical anatomical configuration for both maxillary and mandibular canines. However, according to earlier investigations, a second canal was present in 15% of cases. This article presented a clinical case of a successful non-surgical root canal treatment of a mandibular canine with two canals that apically merge into one canal and one foramina (Vertucci type II) in a Saudi female patient.
Case Presentation: A 46-year-old Saudi female with no relevant medical history reported to a primary care clinic at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for the nonsurgical endodontic treatment of the mandibular right canine. Her chief complaint was to complete the root canal treatment that was started in a private clinic 1 week ago. Upon clinical examination, the tooth had no coronal restoration and was negative to both percussion and palpation, no mobility or deep pockets were detected as well. Radiographic examination revealed tooth #43 having one root with two canals joined apically; type II Vertucci with no periapical lesion. The proposed treatment was a non-surgical root canal treatment.
Conclusion: Clinicians are encouraged to look over the root canal morphology of various teeth. All attempts should be made to identify all existing canals in the root canal system through a detailed evaluation of pre-operative radiographs and proper investigation of the pulp chamber.
Diagnostic scales, questionnaires, and hand diagrams in comparison to nerve conduction studies in the matter of the diagnostic dilemma of carpal tunnel syndrome: a review
Authors: Almalki Sami , Alahmed Abdulaziz , Albahrani Fatimah , Albahrani Fatimah , Almaslami Mohammed , Alshayeb Mohammed , Alrasasi Aqeel
Published: December 2022

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is considered as the most common peripheral nerve pathology, as it affects 1-3 persons per 1,000 with a percentage of 3.8%, in a female-to-male ratio of 3 : 1. A lot of attempts have been made to set specific diagnostic criteria to facilitate the process of diagnosis and to minimize the cost of investigations, conservatively with splinters, steroid injection, electrotherapy, and manual therapy. Thus, this study aimed to reconstruct a summarized and accessible database regarding a costless diagnosis of CTS to limit the cost of investigations and minimize surgical interventions as much as possible. For this purpose, the selection of articles was conducted through a literature search in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane databases. The strategy was to identify studies and report on their accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity in diagnosing CTS using different methods which include diagnostic scales, questionnaires, hand symptoms diagram (HSD), and nerve conduction. It was found that Kamath and Stothard built a questionnaire [Kamath and Stothard questionnaire (KSQ)] and HSD are good choices as the initial step in the diagnosis of CTS. However, in the presence of nerve conduction studies (NCSs), it must be considered a gold standard diagnostic modality, and the previous measures could not replace it due to the large differences in accuracy. Furthermore, surgical decompression should not be standardized based on either KSQ or HSD because only precise severity grading by NCS is trustworthy to establish the indication for surgical intervention.
The relationship between drug adherence in hypothyroidism patients and cognitive functions in western region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Algethami Abdulmajeed , Alhomayani Faisal , Althoubaiti Shaima , Alharthi Amirah , Alkahtani Reham , Alshorm Amal , Algrni Mayar
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between drug adherence in hypothyroidism patients and cognitive functions in the western region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hypothyroidism patients in the western region of Saudi Arabia, from June to August 2022. A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data and was distributed electronically. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first one was related to demographics; the second was the Modified Morisky Adherence Scale, and the third was cognitive functions assessed by the abbreviated 14-item Cognitive Failure Questionnaire
Results: A total of 440 participants met the inclusion criteria and completed the survey. The results showed an association between cognitive function and drug adherence, which means that increase in the cognitive function failure score was associated with a moderate decrease in the drug adherence score. In addition, age was discovered to be the only predictor of both drug adherence and cognitive function change.
Conclusion: This study revealed that the mean score of drug adherence was low while the mean score in cognitive functions showed cognitive function failure among participants.
KODE ETIK GURU MENURUT PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Pane Akhiril , Nailatsani Fathinahaya
Published: December 2022

Penulisan jurnal ini bertujuan mengetahui kode etik yang harus dimiliki seorang guru karena kode etik tersebut sangat penting bagi guru sebagai acuan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Kode etik guru berisikan tata aturan mencangkup kepribadian atau tingkah laku yang baik, serta guru yang bisa mengendalikan sisi negative dan memperlihatkan sisi positif kepada peserta didik untuk dijadikan panutan. Menjadi seorang Muslim, setiap insan harus memiliki kode etik yang selaras dengan tuntunan dan ajaran Al-Qur’an beserta Sunnah. Nabi Muhammad SAW merupakan seorang pendidik professional dan satu-satunya panutan yang sempurna. Rasulullah Saw mampu menjadi contoh nyata seorang pendidik yang islami sesuai Al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, jurnal ditulis menggunakan teknik metode pengumpulan data dengan jenis metode library research, metode historis, metode perkembangan dan metode korelasional. Kesimpulan isi jurnal ini terfokus pada guru yang harus mampu meberikan contoh baik kepada peserta didiknya baik dari tutut kata, perilaku, maupun dari sikap yang diwujudkan pada lingkungan sekolah dan kehidupan sehari-hari melalui kode etik guru.
PERAN GURU,TEKNOLOGI TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI SMP 5 MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Nst Khalilah , Diana Fitri , Salsabila Unik Hanafiah
Published: December 2022

Abstract The purpose of this article is to find out the reflection on the role of teachers and the technology of distance learning in SMP 5 Muhammadiyah. This research method is qualitative and uses descriptive analysis. The instrument in this study was the teacher of educational technology at the time of implementation of distance learning. The results of this study provide information that the role of technology teachers in distance learning at SMP 5 Muhammadiyah has two sides. First, it is positive that teachers are getting more experience in using technology in learning so they don't need to attend school, so the costs will decrease and it will be easier to access materials. Second, on the negative side, it can be seen that many children are not ready with the technology, even children do not feel comfortable participating in online learning. This means that it is the role of the technology teacher who can get positive results while the results of the learning still have shortcomings, especially less serious with the distance which can cause prolonged boredom. For this reason, a suggestion for teachers and all education managers to continue to carry out offline learning (face to face). Keywords: role; technology teacher; learning Abstrak Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui refleksi peran guru dan teknologi terhadap pembelajaran jarak jauh di SMP 5 Muhammadiyah. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif serta menggunakan analisis deskripsi. Adapun instrumen pada penelitian ini adalah guru teknologi pendidikan pada waktu melaksanakan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa peran guru teknologi terhadap pembelajaran jarak jauh di SMP 5 Muhammadiyah memperoleh dua sisi. Pertama, secara postif bahwa guru-guru semakin bertambah pengalaman dalam menggunakan teknologi dalam pembelajaran sehingga tidak perlu hadir ke sekolah maka biaya akan semakin berkurang dan semakin mudah untuk mengakses materi. Kedua, pada sisi negatif dapat diketahui bahwa banyak anak-anak tidak siap dengan teknologi, bahkan anak anak tidak merasa nyaman mengikuti pembelajaran secara daring. Artinya peran guru teknologilah yang dapat hasil positifinya sedangkan hasil dari pembelajaran tersebut masih memiliki kekuranagn terutama kurang serius dengan jarak jauh dapat menimbulkan kebosanan yang berkepanjangan. Untuk itu, sebagai saran bagi guru dan seluruh pengelola pendidikan agar tetap melaksanakan pembelajaran secara ofline (tatap muka).  Kata kunci: peran; guru teknologi; pembelajaran
PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT MUSLIM ANGKOLA DALAM MENYIKAPI HOAX MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PROSES MENTAL KOGNITIF
Authors: Pulungan Husniah Ramadhani
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe article aims to reveal the perspective of the Muslim community of Angkola in responding to hoaxes through learning the cognitive mental processes that are motivated by the splendor of hoaxes today. This study uses the SFL approach method. The results of the discussion have shown the cultural themes that have been generated based on the position of the constituents and the type of phenomenon. The cultural theme that emerges from the position of the constituents starts from linearity, which is sequential and systematic, and from inversion, namely the appearance of constituents at the beginning of the clause, which can be expressed as the urgency of the role in cognitive mental processes in the Muslim community of Angkola. Then, the cultural theme that emerges from the type of phenomenon is showing the clarity of the information provided. This is a significant contribution in completing the theoretical framework in the field of Muslim community studies related to SFL. Then, the potential for the development of this study can still be done by further researchers, namely by analyzing cognitive mental processes further, or by analyzing perceptive or affective mental processes. AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan perspektif masyarakat muslim Angkola dalam menyikapi hoax melalui pembelajaran proses mental kognitif yang dilatarbelakangi oleh semaraknya hoax dewasa ini. Kajian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan SFL khususnya pada transitivitas yang membahasa salah satu tipe proses, yaitu proses mental kognitif sebagai salah satu pendekatan yang dapat menganalisis bahasa secara holistik. Hal yang akan dianalisis adalah bagaimana mengungkapkan tema budaya dari proses mental kognitif masyarakat muslim Angkola guna menyikapi hoax. Hasil diskusi telah menunjukkan tema budaya yang telah dihasilkan berdasarkan posisi konstituen dan tipe fenomenon. Tema budaya yang muncul dari posisi konstituen dimulai dari liniearitas yaitu berurutan dan sistematis dan dari inversi yaitu kemunculan konstituen di awal klausa dapat dinyatakan sebagai keurgenan dari peranan dalam proses mental kognitif pada masyarakat muslim Angkola. Kemudian, tema budaya yang muncul dari tipe fenomenon yaitu menunjukkan kejelasan dari informasi yang diberikan. Hal ini merupakan kontribusi yang signifikan dalam melengkapi kerangka teoretis dalam bidang kajian masyarakat muslim yang berkaitan dengan SFL. Kemudian, potensi untuk pengembangan kajian ini masih dapat dilakukan oleh peneliti selanjutnya yaitu dengan menganalisis proses mental kognitif lebih lanjut, atau dengan menganalisis proses mental perseptif maupun proses mental afektif.