bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flipped classroom improves the results in Pathophysiology learning: results of a non-randomized controlled study
Authors: Herrero J. Ignacio , Quiroga Jorge
Published: May 2019

Background

The flipped classroom has become increasingly popular in health professions education. The aim of this study is to analyze its effect on learning in a Pathophysiology course.

Methods

Flipped classroom was introduced to teach Respiratory Pathophysiology in 2018. The results obtained in the exam were compared with the results of previous year students and with the evolution in Blood Pathophysiology (given by the same teacher, in a traditional way). Comparisons between groups were done with the Student’s T test. A survey was administered to the students after finishing the term.

Results

201 students were examined in 2018 (and 229 in 2017). Gender distribution and the qualifications obtained in General Pathology were comparable between them. The results in Respiratory Pathophysiology were significantly better in 2018 than in 2017 (mean: 48 versus 42 over 100; P=0.004), but the results in Blood Pathophysiology were comparable between both groups. The improvement was significant only in students that obtained scores below the median (P=0.009) and was more evident in male than in female students. Most students considered that flipped classroom was more attractive and helped them to learn more and with less effort.

Conclusions

Flipped classroom increases medical students’ knowledge acquisitions in Pathophysiology. It benefits more to male students and those with lower qualifications.
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Influences Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) under Heat Stress
Authors: Yeasmin Rumana , Bonser Stephen P. , Motoki Satoru , Nishihara Eiji
Published: May 2019

Environmental conditions, specifically heat stress, are important factors in asparagus crop production. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to increase plant growth. Effects of heat stress on nutrient uptake have rarely been examined in intact plants, but the limited results indicate that heat stress will decrease uptake; no studies have examined heat stress effects on asparagus nutrient uptake. We examined the effects of AMF, Glomus intraradices, on the growth, nutrient uptake, heat stress responses, and antioxidative activity in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.). We grew AMF-inoculated or non–AMF-inoculated asparagus plants in sand culture at 20 to 25 °C for 14 weeks in a greenhouse and subsequently subjected to three temperature conditions (control = 20 °C/25 °C night/day, mild heating = 30 °C/35 °C night/day, and severe heating = 37 °C/42 °C night/day) in growth chambers. Morphological and physiological growth parameters were compared between AMF-inoculated and non–AMF-inoculated plants. The mycorrhizal symbiosis markedly enhanced biomass production and heat stress responses negatively in plants compared with that in the non–AMF-inoculated plants. Plants grown under non–AMF-inoculated treatment had severe rate of leaf browning (80% to 100%), whereas the mycorrhizal plants showed a minimum rate of leaf browning under heat stress conditions. The results indicated mycorrhizal-inoculated plants showed an increase activity of antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase. The 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity also showed a greater response in mycorrhizal plants than in the control plants under each temperature treatment. Application of AMF enhanced plant growth and mineral nutrients and alleviated heat stress damage through an increased antioxidative activity and the mycorrhizal symbiosis significantly enhanced heat stress tolerance of asparagus.
Influence of Pine Bark Substrate Age on Performance and Leaching of Nursery Preemergence Herbicides
Authors: Stewart Cody J. , Marble S. Christopher , Jackson Brian , Pearson Brian J. , Wilson P. Christopher , Lauer Dwight K.
Published: May 2019

The objective of these experiments was to determine if preemergence herbicides perform similarly across pine bark that was aged for varying lengths of time including 0, 4, 8, and 12 months after bark removal from harvested trees. Three preemergence herbicides were evaluated for three separate weed species, including 1) Cardamine flexuosa With. (bittercress) with isoxaben, 2) Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (large crabgrass) with prodiamine, and 3) Oxalis stricta L. (woodsorrel) with dimethenamid-P. Leaching of herbicides through substrates was evaluated for prodiamine. Weed growth in the various substrates was variable, but few differences were detected in weed growth among the pine bark substrates evaluated. For isoxaben and prodiamine, weed control was similar among the pine bark substrates in most cases when label rates were applied. Although some differences were detected in prodiamine performance across different pine bark ages, a high level of control was achieved in all cases at rates well below manufacturer recommendations. Prodiamine leaching was minimal in all substrates. It would be recommended that growers test substrates for physical properties before use so that irrigation and other production inputs could be modified if needed. In most cases, growers should expect similar performance of preemergence herbicides regardless of pine bark substrate age.
Sumatran Fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis) Resistance to Glyphosate in Peach Orchards in Turkey
Authors: İnci Deniz , Galvin Liberty , Al-Khatib Kassim , Uludağ Ahmet
Published: May 2019

Glyphosate has been widely used to control annual, perennial, and biennial weeds including Conyza species. Conyza sumatrensis (Sumatran fleabane) is considered a highly invasive and troublesome weed worldwide, including in European and Mediterranean regions. In Turkey, the use of glyphosate in orchards has recently increased; however, extensive use of glyphosate has resulted in poor control of C. sumatrensis in several peach orchards. The objectives of this research were to determine if C. sumatrensis is resistant to glyphosate and identify alternative herbicides with different modes of action that can be used instead of glyphosate. Two dose response studies were conducted in the greenhouse to evaluate the response of four C. sumatrensis populations to glyphosate, chlorsulfuron, and metribuzin. Glyphosate isopropyl amine and glyphosate potassium was applied at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 times the use rate of 1080 g a.e./ha (a.e. indicates acid equivalent) when the plants were at rosette (5–6 true leaves) and vegetative (20–22 cm tall) stages. Effects of both glyphosate formulations were combined. The resistant populations showed higher resistance 3.8 to 6.6 and 5.3 to 7.8 times at rosette stage and vegetative stage, respectively, compared with the susceptible population. Furthermore, glyphosate-resistant populations were treated with chlorsulfuron and metribuzin at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 times use rate of 7.5 and 350 g a.i./ha, respectively at the rosette stage. The glyphosate-resistant populations exhibited 2.4 to 3.8 times more resistance to chlorsulfuron, but were adequately controlled with metribuzin.
Growth, Quality, and Economic Value Responses of Bedding Plants to Reduced Water Usage
Authors: Guo Yanjun , Starman Terri , Hall Charles
Published: May 2019

This study analyzed the effects of two ranges of drying down of substrate moisture content (SMC) before re-watering on plant growth and development, postproduction quality, and economic value of bedding plants grown in 1.67-L containers during greenhouse production. The two SMC treatments were wide-range (WR) SMC (WR-SMC) for dry-down from container capacity (CC) of 54% SMC dried down to 20% SMC or narrow-range (NR) SMC (NR-SMC) for dry-down from CC of 54% SMC dried down to 40% SMC. Six bedding plant cultivars were used [Solenostemon scutellarioides ‘French Quarter’ (coleus); Petunia ×hybrida ‘Colorworks Pink Radiance’ (petunia); Lantana camara ‘Lucky Flame’ (lantana); Impatiens ×hybrida ‘Sunpatiens Compact Hot Coral’ (SCC); ‘Sunpatiens Spreading Lavender’ (SSL) (impatiens); and Salvia splendens ‘Red Hot Sally II’ (salvia)]. Shoot dry weight was reduced with WR-SMC on petunia, lantana, impatiens SCC, and salvia at the end of production. With WR-SMC, the petunia and impatiens SCC root ball coverage percentages were greater on the bottom of the container, whereas those of impatiens SSL and salvia were reduced. The WR-SMC increased petunia postproduction quality by increasing the flower number. Lantana and impatiens SCC inflorescence/flower and/or bud number were reduced with WR-SMC. The impatiens SSL flower number was unaffected by SMC treatment. Salvia grown with WR-SMC had increased postproduction quality. WR-SMC reduced postproduction water potential in petunia, lantana, and coleus, suggesting that plants with WR-SMC during production were acclimated to reduced irrigation administered during postproduction. WR-SMC saved labor due to less frequent watering and overhead-associated costs due to reduced bench space, with the exception of coleus and impatiens SSL, which used the same bench space as NR-SMC. Considering production and/or postproduction quality, using WR-SMC during greenhouse production is beneficial as an irrigation method for coleus, petunia, impatiens SSL, and salvia, but not for impatiens SCC or lantana grown in 1.67-L containers.
Comparison of Anthracnose Resistance with the Presence of Two SCAR Markers Associated with the Rca2 Gene in Strawberry
Authors: Miller-Butler Melinda A. , Smith Barbara J. , Kreiser Brian R. , Blythe Eugene K.
Published: May 2019

Strawberry anthracnose diseases are caused primarily by three Colletotrichum species: C. acutatum J.H. Simmonds, C. fragariae A.N. Brooks, and C. gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. Molecular markers are being used in breeding programs to identify alleles linked to disease resistance and other positive agronomic traits. In our study, strawberry cultivars and breeding germplasm with known anthracnose susceptibility or resistance to the three anthracnose-causing Colletotrichum species were screened for two sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers linked to the Rca2 gene. The Rca2 resistant allele SCAR markers were associated with varying degrees of significance for a strawberry plant’s anthracnose resistance to C. fragariae but not to C. acutatum or C. gloeosporioides. Although the presence or absence of the markers associated with the Rca2 resistance gene is an imperfect indicator of anthracnose resistance, it may serve as a useful starting point in selecting germplasm for breeding programs.
Seasonal Growth and Nitrogen Uptake of Encore Azalea ‘Chiffon’ Affected by Nitrogen Availability and Containers
Authors: Li Tongyin , Bi Guihong , Harkess Richard L.
Published: May 2019

Plant growth and nitrogen (N) uptake of Encore® azalea ‘Chiffon’ (Rhododendron sp.) grown in a traditional plastic container or a biodegradable container made from recycled paper were investigated over the 2013 growing season. Three hundred twenty 1-year-old azalea liners, grown in two types of containers, were fertilized twice weekly with 250 mL N-free liquid fertilizer with no N or 15 mm N from ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). Biweekly from 10 May to 3 Dec., five plants from each N rate and container type were selected randomly to measure plant height, widths, and leaf chlorophyll content in terms of soil–plant analysis development (SPAD) readings, and were then harvested destructively for nutrient analyses. Leaf SPAD readings and tissue N concentration were influenced mostly by N rate rather than container type, with 15 mm N producing greater values than the no-N treatment. Leaf SPAD readings increased from May to August and decreased from September to December. Using 15 mm N, plastic containers generally resulted in similar or increased plant growth [plant growth index (PGI) and dry weight] and N uptake from May to August as in biocontainers, with greater SPAD readings, leaf and root dry weights, stem and root N concentrations, and leaf and root N content than biocontainers at some harvests. However, biocontainers resulted in greater PGI, dry weights, and N content (in leaves, stems, roots, and total plant) than plastic containers later in the season, from September to December. These differences appeared in September after plants grown in plastic containers ceased active growth in dry weight and N uptake by the end of August. Plants grown in biocontainers had extended active growth from 13 Sept. to 9 Nov., resulting in greater tissue N content and greater N uptake efficiency. The biocontainers used in this study produced azalea plants of greater size, dry weight, and improved N uptake by increasing growth rate and extending the plants’ active growth period into late fall. The beneficial effects likely resulted from greater evaporative cooling through container sidewalls and the lighter color of the biocontainers, and therefore led to lower substrate temperatures and improved drainage.
Effects of Soil Salinity on Citrus Rootstock ‘US-942’ Physiology and Anatomy
Authors: Adams Sawyer N. , Ac-Pangan Walter O. , Rossi Lorenzo
Published: May 2019

The accumulation of salt deposits in the soil is becoming a major problem in agriculture. The problem can affect citrus production, which is already seriously hindered in Florida by the disease known as Huanglongbing (HLB, or citrus greening). With the citrus industry declining, it is imperative to study all potential environmental stresses affecting the citrus cultivation and to conduct screening tests to evaluate which rootstocks perform best under these challenging new conditions. This study aims to determine how the ‘US-942’ rootstock reacts to salinity. Thirty-six 3-month-old ‘US-942’ citrus rootstock seedlings were grown in a greenhouse. After 15 d of acclimation, plants were assigned to one of six groups and treated for 30 d with solutions of 25% Hoagland solution amended with 0 (control), 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 mm NaCl. Higher NaCl concentrations significantly hindered plant growth and negatively affected some physiological processes [i.e., stomatal conductance (gS)] and chlorophyll contents. Conversely, plants treated with mild concentrations (30 mm NaCl) had higher plant biomass and exhibited higher photosynthetic efficiency. Free hand sections of fresh roots were taken at the end of the experiment, and the suberin lamellae development was examined under a fluorescence microscope. In conclusion, results reported that ‘US-942’ rootstock is tolerant to mild salt stress and confirmed the hypothesis that the formation of root apoplastic barriers and the increase in the root biomass could be two possible mechanisms that give the ‘US-942’ a mild NaCl stress tolerance.
Effect of Insecticide Drench Applications on Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, Pupae in Growing Media
Authors: Li Yinping , Cloyd Raymond A. , Bello Nora M.
Published: May 2019

Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, is one of the most destructive insect pests of greenhouse-grown horticultural crops. The primary method of managing western flower thrips populations involves applications of insecticides; however, there is no information associated with the effect of the insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen, or the entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea, on western flower thrips pupae in growing media. Therefore, four laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effect of pyriproxyfen and I. fumosorosea applied as a drench to growing media on western flower thrips pupae. Expt. 1 evaluated the efficacy of pyriproxyfen and I. fumosorosea on western flower thrips pupae. Based on the results from Expt. 1, Expt. 2 assessed the effect of pyriproxyfen in two growing media (LC1 and BM1) on western flower thrips pupae. Expts. 3 and 4 determined the residual activity of pyriproxyfen in growing media on western flower thrips pupae 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after treatments were applied. The pyriproxyfen treatment resulted in a significantly lower estimated mean probability of western flower thrips adults captured on yellow sticky cards (17%) compared with the water control (59%), untreated check (88%), and two I. fumosorosea treatments (46% for 1.0 g and 41% for 2.0 g of Ancora) in Expt. 1. However, for the two growing media in Expt. 2, the estimated mean probability of western flower thrips adults captured on yellow sticky cards was not significantly different between the pyriproxyfen treatment (LC1 = 15%; BM1 = 12%) and the water control (LC1 = 41%; BM1 = 24%). For either the pyriproxyfen treatment or the untreated check, there was no evidence of a significant difference between the two growing media on the estimated mean probability of western flower thrips adults captured on yellow sticky cards. Furthermore, there was no evidence of any residual activity 3 days after drench applications of pyriproxyfen. The results of the study have demonstrated that drench applications of pyriproxyfen are not affecting survival of western flower thrips pupae.
Effects of Light Quality on Vegetative Cutting and In Vitro Propagation of Coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides)
Authors: Cho Keun H. , Laux Veronica Y. , Wallace-Springer Nathan , Clark David G. , Folta Kevin M. , Colquhoun Thomas A.
Published: May 2019

Coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) is an attractive and popular ornamental plant with propagation mainly achieved through vegetative cuttings. For commercial purposes, it is of interest to enhance the speed of establishment while maintaining high quality. Light quality has been shown to influence adventitious root development, so these experiments examined the effect of narrow-bandwidth light treatments on root growth and overall plant quality for seven coleus cultivars with vegetative cuttings in potting soil and one cultivar with shoot tip in vitro cultures onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium. During the 28 days of the propagation period, the cuttings grown under narrow-bandwidth red light (R; 663.4 nm at peak) more than doubled in the adventitious root number compared with those under blue light (B; 445.7 nm at peak) and green light (G; 530.0 nm at peak) in five cultivars. R light also increased fresh weight of the cuttings by 55.6% more than G light. In comparison, the cuttings grown under G light yielded significantly lower root and shoot dry mass than other light treatments. R light cuttings showed more dry mass content (9.63%) than those under white light (W; 437.4 nm and 559.5 nm at peak) and G light (7.85% and 5.86%, respectively). A positive correlation (R2 = 0.598, P < 0.001) was found between the formation of adventitious roots and gained fresh weight of cuttings. R light made the reddish color of leaves significantly stronger in most cultivars, whereas the cuttings exposed to G light became less vivid compared with other light conditions. When the shoot tips were propagated in vitro onto MS medium, R light treatment initiated the root development more rapidly than other lights, with significantly greater rooting rate (20.0% and 63.6%, respectively) at day 5 and 10. The shoot tips under R light also formed significantly more roots (12.3 per cutting) than those grown under narrow-bandwidth B light (5.8 per cutting). The shoot tips showed browning at an early stage and newly emerged leaves grew very compactly under B light. The combination of red and green light (R+G) increased more than twice as much roots and dry mass compared with W light. In addition, the R+G light led to morphological changes, including larger leaves and longer petioles and internodes than those in other light treatments. The exposure to R+G+B and B light made the shoots very compact for the 28 days of in vitro culture period and significantly increased the chlorophyll contents resulting in dark green leaves.
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated Transient Transformation of Almond × Peach Hybrid Rootstock ‘Hansen 536’
Authors: Zong Xiaojuan , Denler Brandon J. , Danial Gharbia H. , Chang Yongjian , Song Guo-qing
Published: May 2019

‘Hansen 536’ (Prunus dulcis × Prunus persica) is an important commercial rootstock for peach and almond. However, susceptibility to wet soil and bacterial canker has limited its use primarily to areas with less annual rainfall. Genetic engineering techniques offer an attractive approach to improve effectively the current problems with this cultivar. To develop an efficient shoot regeneration system from leaf explants, 10 culture media containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) or woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with different plant growth regulators were evaluated, and adventitious shoot regeneration occurred at frequencies ranging from 0% to 36.1%. Optimal regeneration with a frequency of 32.3% to 36.1% occurred with WPM medium containing 8.88 µm 6-benzylamino-purine (BAP) and 0.98 to 3.94 µm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The regenerated shoots had a high rooting ability, and 80% of the in vitro shoots tested rooted and survived after being transplanted to substrate directly. Transient transformation showed an efficient delivery of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene (gusA) using all three Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains tested with a concentration of OD600 0.5 to 1.0 for 4 days of cocultivation. The protocols described provide a foundation for further studies to improve shoot regeneration and stable transformation of the important peach and almond rootstock ‘Hansen 536’.
A Relatividade Geral e a Busca de Novas Dimensões
Authors: Ospedal Prestes Rosas Leonardo , Abdalla Helayël-Neto José
Published: May 2019

A proposta da presente contribuição é descrever como a Relatividade Geral, na qualidade de uma teoria elaborada para investigar a estrutura do espaço-tempo e suas propriedades geométricas, estimulou, no século passado, a introdução de novas dimensões de natureza espacial e temporal para a nossa compreensão das interações fundamentais, possibilitando um harmoniosa junção da micro com a macrofísica.
A Cosmologia Quântica de Wheeler-DeWitt e o Universo Despedaçado
Authors: Muniz Celio Rodrigues , Silva Cunha Marcony , Barbosa Bezerra Valdir , Santana Vieira Horácio
Published: May 2019

Neste trabalho investigamos, inicialmente, como uma forma de energia escura chamada de phantom, teoricamente responsável por um estado de superaceleração da expansão cósmica, influencia a função de onda do Universo. Isso será feito por meio da obtenção das soluções da equação que descreve o comportamento quântico deste último - a equação de Wheeler-DeWitt - com um termo de ambiguidade no ordenamento dos operadores conjugados associados ao fator de escala cósmico, a, e que depende de um parâmetro adicional, q. A energia de phantom é implementada no potencial efetivo que surge nesta equação, e o Universo é considerado plano. O primeiro resultado encontrado a partir dessas soluções, para q = 0, indica que o Universo apresenta uma máxima probabilidade de iniciar sua existência com um tamanho (fator de escala) bem definido, probabilidade tanto maior quanto maior o conteúdo de energia phantom, sendo portanto improvável apresentar uma singularidade inicial do tipo a = 0. Na abordagem semiclássica adotada aqui, estudamos também como o fator de escala evolui temporalmente, via equação de Hamilton-Jacobi. Mostramos que a singularidade de Big Rip (Grande Despedaçamento) emerge das soluções encontradas, um cenário dramático representado pelo fato de o Universo atingir um fator de escala infinito em um tempo cosmológico finito. Em seguida, avaliamos o que acontece quando, no lugar da energia phantom, incluímos energia escura sob a forma de uma constante cosmológica positiva. Neste caso, mostramos que o Universo não alcança a singularidade de Big Rip, o que fica evidente quando comparamos graficamente o tempo cosmológico em função do fator de escala com o caso anterior.
Development of Fusion Protein Produce Technology Based on a Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Specific to Tumor Antigen HER2 and a Recombinant Human Interferon-α-2b in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Sheshukova E.V. , Pinyugina M.V. , Konoplina K.M. , Kosorukov V.S.
Published: May 2019

Fusion proteins based on a recombinant human interferon-α-2b and a humanized monoclonal antibody specific to tumor antigen HER2 have been obtained by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. To provide an effective expression and a proper immunocytokine molecule assembly the genetic constructs optimization was performed. The expression level was shown to depend on the linker length between the cytokine and the antibody moieties in the hybrid molecule. The modification of the interferon domain sequence by replacing cysteine residues with serine showed a slight increase in the production level of the target protein. The assembly of full-size fusion protein molecules was confirmed by the qualitative method of «combined ELISA» developed by the authors. The preservation of the affine domain function in the fusion proteins was proved by the ELISA method in interaction with the antigen.

interferon- α-2b, antigen HER2, plant transient expression, recombinant fusion proteins.
Immobilization of Rhodococcus wratislaviensis Strain KT112-7 Сells in Order to Increase Efficiency of Biodegradation of Modified Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Authors: Pervova M.G. , Gorbunova T.I. , Demakov V.A.
Published: May 2019

The degradation of a mixture of hydroxy- and methoxy-PCB obtained as a result of a chemical modification of a commercial mixture of PCB «Sovol» by the Rhodococcus wratislaviensis strain KT112-7 in plankton culture or immobilized on carbon carriers has been investigated. It was established that the KT112-7 strain in plankton culture degraded 73.2% of a mixture of modified PCBs for 96 h; the strain immobilized on BAU-A activated carbon and on Carbopon-B-active carbon fiber provided the 59.5% and 95.3% degradation for the same time, respectively (with the starting concentration of PBS of 0.5 g/L). The application of the R. wratislaviensis KT112-7 strain immobilized on the BAU-A carrier decreased the number of the PCB derivatives by 1.5 times at the end of the experiment; the corresponding result for the Carbopon-B-active-immobilized culture was 3 times; the set of PCBs after the treatment with the suspension culture remained unchanged. In practice, the immobilization of R. wratislaviensis КТ112-7 strain on carbon carriers can be used in the development of the techniques for the degradation of chemically modified PCB mixtures.

polychlorinated biphenyls, immobilization, destruction, utilization, PCB, Rhodococcus.

Funding-This work was supported by the Integrated Program of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences No. 18-3-8-19. The work was performed using the equipment of the Center for collective use «Spectroscopy and analysis of organic compounds».
Özel Eğitimde Geçiş Planlama ve Hizmetleri
Authors: AKTAŞ Burcu , KOT Mehtap , YIKMIŞ Ahmet
Published: May 2019

Geçiş, bireylerin yaşantılarında çeşitli değişiklikler gerektiren ve yaşam boyu devam eden bir süreçtir. Bu süreçte özel gereksinimli bireyler, birtakım zorluklarla karşılaşmakta ve desteğe ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Geçiş hizmetleri planlaması, özel gereksinimli bireylerin değişim gerektiren çeşitli süreçlere uyumlarını sağlamak ve özel gereksinimli bireyler ile ailelerine verilen destek hizmetlerini sürekli hale getirmek amacı ile yapılmaktadır. Geçiş dönemleri; erken müdahale programlarından, okul öncesi, anasınıfı, ilkokul, ortaokul, lise, yükseköğretim, okuldan iş yaşamı ve toplumsal yaşama geçişi kapsayan uzun soluklu bir süreci içermektedir. Türkiye’ de geçiş planlamaları ile ilgili belirgin yasal dayanakların bulunmaması özel gereksinimli bireylerin tüm geçiş dönemlerinde çeşitli zorluklar yaşamalarına, programlar arasında kopuklukların olmasına, kendilerine sunulan özel eğitim hizmetlerinden yeterince yararlanamamalarına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada; geçiş kavramı, dünyada geçişin yasal dayanakları, geçiş planlama süreci, geçiş planlamasını etkileyen etmenler, geçiş dönemleri, geçiş değerlendirme süreçleri ve Türkiye’de geçiş ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Assessing “the Revival of the Egyptian Museum Initiative” for the People with Special Needs as an Approach for Social Sustainability
Authors: Mohamed Mostafa Khaled , Abdou Amal , Abouelmagd Doaa
Published: May 2019

Disability is one of the greatest challenges faced by the societies. Recent statistics from the World Health Organization indicated that the percentage of people with special needs with different disability problems is around 13% globally and exceeds 10% at the local level.Despite the many national laws and codes that seek to make people with special needs have corresponding life to that of others, there are still barriers to their involvement in the society adequately, especially their use of the social infrastructure, and public and cultural buildings like museums.Museums are one of the most important establishments that must be suitable for the use of every person including people with special needs. They are catalysts for culture, history, art and science as well as their representation of the progress and renaissance of countries and societies.The Egyptian Museum with its 19th century neoclassical style has been one of the most prominent landmarks of downtown Cairo for more than 100 years. It has the largest collection of works of ancient Egyptian history and art. Despite its status as one of the most important museums in the world, it has suffered a great deterioration over several decades, which reflected the building and the exhibits negatively. As a result, “The Revival of the Egyptian Museum Initiative” was launched in May 2012 to define the national and international future role of the museum. It aimed to study the current situation of the museum and develop a comprehensive plan for rehabilitation.The paper discusses and assesses “The Revival of the Egyptian Museum Initiative” and its suitability for the people with special needs as an approach to achieve social sustainability. Moreover, the paper analyzes the appropriateness of the Egyptian Museum for the use of people with special needs and its comparison with a similar global example to come up with a set of recommendations to increase the efficiency of the Egyptian museum and it’s surrounding area.
Presentations, etiology and outcome of patients with Chronic Renal Failure admitted at Urology Department, Mayo Hospital Lahore - A retrospective analysis of 1257 patients over a period of 10 years.
Authors: Zaki Muhammad Rafiq , Ghazanfar Abbas , Hussain Shahid , Khan Farrakh Ahmad
Published: May 2019

Chronic kidney failure is a common and serious medical problem. It is characterized by progressive destruction of renal mass with irreversible sclerosis and loss of nephrons. End-stage renal (kidney) disease is the point in this progression when the kidneys no longer function well enough to support life. The objective of this retrospective study is to analyze different patrons of chronic renal failure its etiology and outcome. Over a period of ten years starting from January 1992 a total of 1257 patients presents with the diagnosis of chronic renal failure to the NephroUrology Department of Mayo Hospital Lahore. The minimum age at presentation was 2.5 years and maximum age was 66 years with mean age of 37.8 years. Malaise, loss of energy, nausea, vomiting and symptoms of anemia were the major presentation in all the patients. Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus was seemed to be the major cause of chronic renal failure which was diagnosed in 441 patients, followed by uncontrolled hypertension in 253 patients, polycystic kidney disease in 107 patients, Glomerulonephritis in 97 patients, reflux nephropathy in 96 patients, obstructive (stones) nephropathy in 78 patients, drugs/nephrotoxic agents 39 patients, congenital renal obstructions 21 patients and hypoplastic kidney in 03 patients. 339 (27%) patients were primarily put on to conservative treatment. In 568 (45%) patients haemodialysis was started and in 350 (28%) patients peritoneal dialysis was started. 8.51% (n=l08) patients under went renal transplantation.
Evolution of Gastro-esophageal Fundoplication
Authors: Rathore Muneer Ahmad
Published: May 2019

Fundoplication has evolved from 360Â° total wraps to now 120Â° partial wraps. These are the second commonest laparoscopic procedures at present. Esophageal lengthening procedures have re-entered the debate since the days of open surgery. This is a review article.
Management of Cholelithiasis in the Diabetic Patients
Authors: Guraya Salman Yousuf , Masood Ahmad Sohail , Nasim Ahsan
Published: May 2019

In the recent past, dramatic advances in research have elucidated the prognosis of gallstone disease and have permitted a more selective choice of persons for treatment based on symptom status and projected prognosis. Ultrasound - detected- incidental gallstones are infrequently clinically significant but this finding has prompted the surgeons to have a liberal attitude towards the operative indications for cholelithiasis particularly after the advent of laparoscopy. At the same time, the management of gallstones in the diabetics still remains controversial. Early retrospective studies reported an alarmingly high incidence of gallstones in diabetics as compared with general population and in view of profound morbidity and mortality rates observed in the diabetics, prophylactic cholecystectomy was generally recommended. However, recent evidence-based studies challenged this approach and have concluded that prophylactic cholecystectomy is not justified in diabetic patients with asymptomatic gallstones. It is inferred that, as in general population, asymptomatic cholelithiasis in diabetics should be managed expectantly and preemptive surgery should not be routinely performed. However, early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is preferred in cases of symptomatic cholelithiasis.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism - Experience at Mayo Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Azim Kh Muhammad , Ahmad Ashfaq , Zaheer Jawad , Ul Haq Anwar
Published: May 2019

The retrospective study was carried out on surgical floor at Mayo Hospital, Lahore, over a span of 15 years. Twenty patients referred from various specialities were included in the study. Seven were male and 13 were female. All patients were diagnosed biochemically and localization was performed with the help of ultrasonography, thallium & technitum subtraction. All patients underwent surgical exploration by adopting four glands exposure technique. Sixteen having single adenoma, two patients having multiple adenoma and two as hyperplasia and no malignancy seen on the basis of histopathological examination. No significant morbidity and no mortality observed in the series.
Fibrinogen Degradation Products and Coagulation Parameters in Women Taking Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Sirhindi Ghazanfar Ali , Tayyib Muhammad , Tasneem Tahira , Farooq Muhammad , Chaudhary Nasir Ahmad
Published: May 2019

A study plan was designed to estimate the coagulation parameters like Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen level and fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs). In this study, coagulation parameters were compared in combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and control group. 40 subjects of COCs with 20 normal females without hormonal contraceptive were included in this study. Blood samples were collected for special coagulation parameters. FDPs were significantly elevated in subjects using COCs as compared to normal control. PT and APTT were shortened in COCs. Fibrinogen levels were increased significantly in COCs when compared with control groups.
ABO and Rh Blood Groups in Patients with hypertension: Association with Secretor Status
Authors: Butt Anjum Rashid , Akhtar Muhammad Naveed , Tayyib Muhammad , Farooq Muhamad
Published: May 2019

Aims and objective of the study is to find ABO and Rh blood groups association with secretor status in patients with hypertension. ABO and Rh blood grouping was done by direct agglutination test and secretor status by agglutination inhibition test. 50 controls and 50 hypertensive patients were selected. No association of ABO and Rh blood group with secretor status was found in patients with hypertension.
AGORA, SIM!!! LANÇAMENTO DA CAMPANHA NURSING NOW BRASIL
Authors: Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: May 2019

Nursing Now é um programa desenvolvido pela Burdett Trust for Nursing em nome da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e do Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiras. International Council of Nurses – ICN.
Zanthoxylum: A Review of its Traditional Uses, Naturally Occurring Constituents and Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Nooreen Zulfa , Tandon Sudeep , Yadav Narayan P. , Kumar Prabhat , Xuan Tran D. , Ahmad Ateeque
Published: May 2019

Zanthoxylum, commonly known as Timoor, has been used in different traditional systems of medicine and also for several other applications such as chemopreventive agents, tooth care, as spices, condiments, etc. Due to the pungent taste of fruits, seeds, leaves, bark, and therapeutic remedies, especially in Indian system of medicine, Eastern Asian countries and in Central America, it is being substituted for pepper. The collection of Zanthoxylum armatum DC; Syn. Z. alatum Roxb and its several species used for food, medicine and barter has been a part of the culture of many communities in different countries. The fruits and seeds of timoor are well known in ayurvedic medicine and used for different diseases. The bark of the plant has also been reported for hepatoprotective activity. Several natural compounds have been isolated and identified in several classes, from different plant parts and species. The Zanthoxylum compounds and extracts of the plant parts have been reported for several types of biological activities. This review aims to examine the detailed aspects of phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities covering maximum species of this genus. In view of the available pharmacological data and traditional use in Indian system of medicine and in other countries also, Z. armatum and other species certainly deserve more investigations. However, clinical evidence and rigorous investigations for quality control are required before any recommendation for Zanthoxylum based products.
Passive Sensing of Health Outcomes Through Smartphones: Systematic Review of Current Solutions and Possible Limitations
Authors: Trifan Alina , Oliveira Maryse , Oliveira José Luís
Published: May 2019

Background

Technological advancements, together with the decrease in both price and size of a large variety of sensors, has expanded the role and capabilities of regular mobile phones, turning them into powerful yet ubiquitous monitoring systems. At present, smartphones have the potential to continuously collect information about the users, monitor their activities and behaviors in real time, and provide them with feedback and recommendations.

Objective

This systematic review aimed to identify recent scientific studies that explored the passive use of smartphones for generating health- and well-being–related outcomes. In addition, it explores users’ engagement and possible challenges in using such self-monitoring systems.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, to identify recent publications that explore the use of smartphones as ubiquitous health monitoring systems. We ran reproducible search queries on PubMed, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Scopus online databases and aimed to find answers to the following questions: (1) What is the study focus of the selected papers? (2) What smartphone sensing technologies and data are used to gather health-related input? (3) How are the developed systems validated? and (4) What are the limitations and challenges when using such sensing systems?

Results

Our bibliographic research returned 7404 unique publications. Of these, 118 met the predefined inclusion criteria, which considered publication dates from 2014 onward, English language, and relevance for the topic of this review. The selected papers highlight that smartphones are already being used in multiple health-related scenarios. Of those, physical activity (29.6%; 35/118) and mental health (27.9; 33/118) are 2 of the most studied applications. Accelerometers (57.7%; 67/118) and global positioning systems (GPS; 40.6%; 48/118) are 2 of the most used sensors in smartphones for collecting data from which the health status or well-being of its users can be inferred.

Conclusions

One relevant outcome of this systematic review is that although smartphones present many advantages for the passive monitoring of users’ health and well-being, there is a lack of correlation between smartphone-generated outcomes and clinical knowledge. Moreover, user engagement and motivation are not always modeled as prerequisites, which directly affects user adherence and full validation of such systems.
Postinjury Complications: Retrospective Study of Causative Factors  (Preprint)
Authors: Warnack Elizabeth , Pachter Hersch Leon , Choi Beatrix , DiMaggio Charles , Frangos Spiros , Klein Michael , Bukur Marko
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

Injury care involves the complex interaction of patient, physician, and environment that impacts patient complications, level of harm, and failure to rescue (FTR). FTR represents the likelihood of a hospital to be unable to rescue patients from death after in-hospital complications.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to hypothesize that error type and number of errors contribute to increased level of harm and FTR.

METHODS

Patient information was abstracted from weekly trauma performance improvement (PI) records (from January 1, 2016, to July 19, 2017), where trauma surgeons determined the level of harm and identified the factors associated with complications. Level of harm was determined by definitions set forth by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Logistic regression was used to determine the impact of individual factors on FTR and level of harm, controlling for age, gender, Charlson score, injury severity score (ISS), error (in diagnosis, technique, or judgment), delay (in diagnosis or intervention), and need for surgery.

RESULTS

A total of 2216 trauma patients presented during the study period. Of 2216 patients, 224 (224/2216, 10.10 %) had complications reported at PI meetings; of these, 31 patients (31/224, 13.8 %) had FTR. PI patients were more likely to be older (mean age 51.3 years, SE 1.58, vs 46.5 years, SE 0.51; P=.008) and have higher ISS (median 22 vs 8; P<.001), compared with patients without complications. Physician-attributable errors (odds ratio [OR] 2.82; P=.001), most commonly errors in technique, and nature of injury (OR 1.91; P=.01) were associated with higher levels of harm, whereas delays in diagnosis or intervention were not. Each additional factor involved increased level of harm (OR 2.09; P<.001) and nearly doubled likelihood of FTR (OR 1.95; P=.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Physician-attributable errors in diagnosis, technique, or judgment are more strongly correlated with harm than delays in diagnosis and intervention. Increasing number of errors identified in patient care correlates with an increasing level of harm and FTR.
The Intonation of Focus Utterance in Japanese
Authors: Ulfah Elisa
Published: May 2019

The study describes the characteristics of phonological intonation on focus utterances in Japanese. The research used quantitative design with two Japanese native teachers as the informants. The Data was gotten through speaking method and a recording technique. In this step, the researcher had a direct conversation with the informants who were guided with the list of conversation, then recorded it. The data were then sorted out using computer software PRAAT and were later analyzed. The results of data analysis show that all intonation contours produced by Japanese informants have the same characteristics, which are the intonation of the utterance focus or the most important part of an utterance rises, while the intonation of another utterance that is not the focus or after the focus falls. In general, the intonation of an utterance has one curve, but the existence of utterance focus can result in the change of intonation. The number of focus in an utterance can cause the emergence of several curves. In order to produce intonation that sounds natural or similar to the native speakers, learners must understand about the intonation contours in Japanese, especially the intonation of the utterance focus.
Affixation Process of Minangkabaunese in Nagari Pamuatan Sijunjung Regency
Authors: Dewi Nengsih Arfina
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this research was to describe affixation process of Minangkabaunese  in Nagari Pamuatan. The Data was gotten from daily conversation of native speakers in Nagari Pamuatan, Kupitan district, Sijunjung regency. The method used in this research was observational method through recording, interview and taking field notes technique. The data was analyzed by using translational equal method through dividing key factors technique. Then, it also uses distributional method through segmenting immediate constituent’s technique. The Result of this research shows that there are some affixation forms namely prefix, suffix, circumfix, simulfix, and compound of affixes. Some of them seem to have uncommon affix form as found in minangkabaunese. For example, prefix ba- which belongs to allomorph bǝ-, prefix ta- which belongs to allomorph prefixes tǝ- and prefix sa- which belongs to allomorph prefiks sǝ-
Increasing The Precision Of Noise Source Detection System using KNN Method
Authors: Nando Parlin , Putrada Aji Gautama , Abdurohman Maman
Published: May 2019

This paper proposes Accurate Noise Source Detection System using K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Method. Noise or sound intensity is usually measured in decibels (dB). In an educational environment the recommended noise index limit is 55 dB. It means that noise louder than that limit is prohibited. While a loud noise in a campus area occurred, it will be troublesome for the authorities to deal with the matter. This paper proposes a noise source detection system that can locate the position of the noise source. This system used Df analog V2 voice sensor for detecting the loud noise intensity. A microcontroller with WiFi capabilities will allow the system to communicate with an Internet of Things (IoT) platform that can perform a learning method to detect the location of the loud noise source. KNN method is used as the learning method. The result shows a user is able to get a warning related to the noise that occurs in an area at once. The precision position of the noise source can be detected with 70% average accuracy rate
An Overview Of Learning Support Factors On Mathematic Games
Authors: Fairuzabadi Ahmad , Supianto Ahmad Afif
Published: May 2019

In this study, we examined the factors in game design that were used by developers to support the interests of mathematics learning. The aim is to overcome the lack of empirical evidence about the impact of factors in the game on learning outcomes, identify how the design of in-game activities affects learning, and develop an overview of general recommendations for designing mathematics education games. This study tries to illustrate the impact of game design factors in mathematics education games on the objectives and results of game-based learning.