bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yusuf Emîrî Divanı’ndaki Oğuzca Unsurlar
Authors: GÜNEŞ İsmail
Published: March 2023

X. yüzyılda Orta Asya’daki Türk coğrafyasında yaşanan siyasi ve sosyal gelişmeler doğal olarak Türk dilini de etkilemeye başlamış ve XIII. yüzyıla kadar tek olan yazı dilinde bölünmeler başlamıştır. Batıya doğru bir göç çizgisi takip eden Türk boyları farklı bölgelere dağılarak yeni yurtlar edinmişlerdir. Ortak yazı dilinin kullanıldığı kültür çevresinden uzaklaşan boyların ortaya çıkan yazı dili ihtiyaçlarının dil dışı etmenlerle birleşmesi Türk dilinin farklı kollara bölünmesine zemin hazırlamıştır. Türk dilinin yeni kollarının ortaya çıkmasında Harezm bölgesinin önemli bir yeri vardır. XI.-XII. yüzyıllarda Harezm bölgesine başta Oğuzlar olmak üzere gelen Kıpçaklar ve Kanglılar gibi birçok Türk boyu sayesinde bölgedeki demografik üstünlük Türklerin lehine değişince, bölge Türkleşmeye başlamıştır. Bu gelişmelere paralel olarak bölgede ortaya çıkan ve farklı lehçelerden özellikler taşıyan Harezm Türkçesi Karahanlı Türkçesiyle Çağatay Türkçesi arasında köprü görevi üstlenmiştir.
XV. yüzyılın sonlarında Asya’da Timur’un siyasi birliği sağlamasıyla birlikte Çağatay Türkçesi, Doğu Türklüğünün ortak dili durumuna gelirken çoğunluğu Oğuzlardan oluşan Anadolu sahasındaki Türk toplulukları da Osmanlı Türkçesini kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Her iki sahada eser veren şair ve yazarlar arasında etkileşimler olmuş, bu etkileşim dönem metinlerine ses, şekil ve söz varlığı düzeyinde yansımıştır. Klasik öncesi Çağatay Türkçesi döneminde yazılan eserlerde Oğuzca unsurlarla sıkça karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu dönemin önemli isimlerinden Yusuf Emîrî de şiirlerinde Oğuzca özelliklere yer veren şairlerdendir. Bu çalışmada Yusuf Emîrî’nin Kâzım Köktekin tarafından hazırlanan divanı Oğuzca özellikler açısından ele alınmış ve divanda Oğuzcaya yönelik görülen etkilenmenin boyutu ortaya konmuştur. Divanda tespit edilen Oğuzca ses, şekil ve söz varlığına ait unsurlar karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir.
Anadolu Türk Folklorunda Ayakkabı
Authors: ÜNALAN Özlem
Published: March 2023

Ayakkabı, insanın yalnızca ayaklarını koruma ihtiyacını karşılayan bir eşya değildir. Yapılışıyla, şekliyle, rengiyle, çevresinde gelişen inanışlar ve uygulamalarla bir geleneğin ürünüdür. Günümüzün modern ayakkabıcılık anlayışı karşısında önemi azalmaya başlayan ayakkabıcılık ve yemenicilik, meslek folkloru içinde değerlendirilebilecek yegâne mesleklerden biridir.
Anadolu Türk folklorunda ayakkabının kullanım alanı oldukça geniştir. Nişan ve düğün merasimlerinde damat tarafı, geline diğer hediyelerle birlikte ayakkabı götür. Doğumlarda yeni doğan bebeklere panduf ve bebek ayakkabısı hediye edilir. Bayramlarda çocuklara alınan bayramlıklardan biri de ayakkabıdır. Türk halk edebiyatında masal, mâni, türkü, bilmece vb. türlerde ayakkabıya ve ayakkabıyla ilgili diğer kavramlara yer verilir. Ayakkabı geçiş dönemlerinde, nazarla ve halk hekimliğiyle ilgili inanışlarda ve ritüellerde sıkça kullanılır. Çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde özellikle büyüsel yöntemler doğrultusunda ayakkabıdan yararlanılır. Çıkarıldığı biçimiyle, yönüyle, ters veya düz giyilişiyle ayakkabıya olumlu ve olumsuz manalar yüklenir.
Bu çalışmada öncelikle genel olarak ayakkabının Türk folklorundaki yerinden söz edilecektir. Türk halk edebiyatı ürünlerindeki kullanımına, bayram geleneklerindeki yerine ve ayakkabı renginin sembolik özelliklerine değinilecektir. Doğum, evlilik ve ölüm âdetlerinde ayakkabı çevresinde gelişen inanışlara ve ritüellere, nazarla ilgili inanışlarda ayakkabının kullanım şekillerine ve halk hekimliği uygulamalarında ayakkabının kullanım sahasına yer verilecektir. Bu çalışmayı gerçekleştirebilmek için ayakkabıyla, geçiş dönemleriyle, nazar inanışlarıyla ve halk hekimliğiyle ilgili literatür taraması yapılmış ve bunlarla ilgili kitaplar, tezler ve dergiler taranmıştır. Anadolu’da ayakkabı çevresinde gelişen inanışlar ve uygulamalar tespit edilmiş ve bunların sebepleri izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır
Ortaçağ İslâm Dünyasında Irksal Üstünlük Tartışmaları: Şuûbiyye Akımı Üzerine
Authors: ÇAKIR Ömer Faruk
Published: March 2023

Yaklaşık olarak VIII. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, İslâm memleketlerinin sakinleri, yazınsal bir hareketin doğuşuna ve yayılımına tanıklık etti. Mevâlî sınıfının edîpleri, yoğun ırkçı programlarına maruz kaldıkları Emevîlerin hilafet devri sona erince, onlara ve Arabizm zihniyetine karşı olan tepkilerini, öncüsü oldukları bir edebiyat akımıyla göstermeye başladılar. Şuûbiyye adıyla bilinecek bu akımın temsilcileri tarafından yazılan eserler, esas itibariyle, medeniyet seviyesi bakımından, Arapların, Arap olmayanlara kıyasla ne ölçüde geride olduklarını ispatlamayı amaçlıyordu. Birkaç asırlık süreç içerisinde, Müslümanların hükmettiği değişik kıtalardaki, muhtelif milletlerden oluşan bir toplum yapısına sahip pek çok ülkede faaliyet sahası bulan Şuûbiyye, destekçiler kadar muarızlar da kazandı. Tarafların, Ortaçağ’ın muayyen bölümlerinde devam eden karşılıklı çekişmesi, aynı çağ kapanmadan noktalandı. Lakin, modern zamanlara değin sürecek uzun bir boşluk safhasının ardından, Şuûbiyye kavramı yeniden ama bu defa daha ziyade politik ve ideolojik bir söylem olarak zikredilmeye başlandı. Mevzubahis edebî hareketin tarihsel yolculuğunu özsel yönleriyle anlatmak, bu incelemenin ödevi olacaktır. Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda, evvela, tartışmanın başlangıç ve gelişim evrelerine odaklanılacaktır. Bu kısmı, alanın önde gelen araştırmacılarınca, konu hakkında ileri sürülen argümanların karşılaştırmalı şekilde aktarıldığı başlık izleyecektir. Üçüncü ve nihai adımda ise, geride bırakılan son iki asırda Şuûbiyye teriminin anlamsal çerçevesindeki değişime değinilecektir. İslâm ve Ortadoğu tarihinin farklı periyotlarında nükseden Şuûbiyye tartışmasının, bu minvalde akademik çevreye hatırlatılması, makalenin, edindiği gayeye ulaşmasını sağlayacaktır.
Factors Related to the Incidence of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in Indonesia
Authors: Masfufah Siti , Syarif Syahrizal
Published: March 2023

Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) is a serious consequence in infants due to Rubella virus infection during early pregnancy which can cause several congenital abnormalities. In 2021, Indonesia became the country that reported the highest cases of CRS in the WHO Southeast Asia region with 229 cases out of a total of 402 cases (57%). There are various factors related to the incidence of CRS including vaccination, health facilities and mother and baby factors. Knowledge on these factors can be applied to improve efforts to prevent and control CRS cases. This study aims to determine the factors related to the incidence of CRS in Indonesia. This was a case-control study using secondary data derived from the 2020-2021 CRS sentinel surveillance reports of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the results of multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression, it was revealed that there was one factor related to the incidence of CRS, namely the area of residence with an OR of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.49-3.42). The area of residence outside Java-Bali had a higher risk for the incidence of CRS by 2.3 times compared to the area of residence in Java-Bali. In contrast, other variables such as history of maternal vaccination, history of maternal Rubella infection, maternal age and the child gender were not found to be statistically related to the incidence of CRS. It can be concluded that the area of residence outside Java-Bali was a factor related to the incidence of CRS. Therefore, it is necessary to have an even distribution of Rubella vaccination coverage, strengthen the surveillance system and prepare equal distribution of health facilities to prevent the spread of Rubella cases.
Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude and Anxiety with the Implementation of Health Protocols among Food Vendors at the UMS Campus Environment
Authors: Asmi Nur Fauzia , Puspasari Kiki
Published: March 2023

Food vendors are a group that is prone to contracting Covid-19 because they are still selling foods during a pandemic which can be a source of contamination through droplets or touching surfaces affected by droplets. Food vendors who do not implement health protocols are very vulnerable to being infected with Covid-19 which can further infect other people. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitude and anxiety with the implementation of health protocols among food vendors at the UMS campus environment. This was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach. The current study was conducted at the Suherman Medical University (UMS) campus Environment, Pasir Gombong area, Bekasi District, from September to November 2021. The population in this study involved food vendors in the Pasir Gombong area with a sample size calculated using the Lemeshow formula which obtained 64 food vendors. The samples were selected using accidental sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by enumerators through interviews using questionnaires and observations. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test, fisher's exact and logistic regression to determine the relationship between each variable. Furthermore, multivariate analysis was applied using the logistic regression test. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between anxiety and implementation of health protocols with a p-value of 0.024 and OR=11.7 (1.214–113.3), between knowledge and implementation of health protocols with a p-value of 0.001 and OR= 6.3 (1.937–20.880); between attitude and implementation of health protocol with a p-value  of 0.000 and OR=8.6 (2.579-29.126). It can be concluded that knowledge, attitude and anxiety had a significant relationship with the implementation of health protocols among food vendors. Continuous education can be an effort to prevent health problems.
Nutritional Status and Number of Comorbid in Adult Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Andara Fathiya , Syah Muh Nur Hasan
Published: March 2023

During the last two years, the death rate due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has reached 157,000 people, with comorbid diseases being the most significant factor in the incidence of mortality in COVID-19 patients. Examining the nutritional status and number of comorbidities in COVID-19 patients was the study's main goal. This study is an analytic observational, quantitative study that uses survey research design and cross-sectional approach design. The research samples were taken by a purposive sampling approach, so that all samples that met the inclusion criteria were taken (N= 136) According to the study's findings, there was no linkage among nutritional status and the amount of comorbidities among adults and the elderly. (p value = 0.910 and p = 0.220) and based on gender (p value = 0.937 and p = 0.795). For these reasons, In order to obtain more precise results, there is a need for further research on additional variables that can affect the frequency of comorbidities in COVID-19 patients.
Trends and variability of total column ozone in the Third Pole
Authors: Kuttippurath Jayanarayanan , Sharma Babu Ram , Gopikrishnan G. S.
Published: March 2023

The Hindu Kush Himalaya and Tien Shan Mountain regions together are called the Third Pole (TP) of Earth, which encompasses ecologically fragile regions of 12 Asian countries. It is the highest mountain chain with the largest reserve of fresh ice mass on the planet outside the northern and southern polar regions. The TP region is experiencing high rate of glacier melting due to climate change for the past few decades, and is a great concern for water security of South Asia. Since changes in ozone concentrations in the atmosphere affect public health, ecosystem dynamics and climate, it is imperative to monitor its temporal evolution in an ecologically sensitive region such as TP. Here, the spatiotemporal characteristics of total column ozone (TCO) in TP and 20 selected cities in and around TP are investigated using a combined long-term data made from the satellite measurements of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME)-2B for the period 2005–2020. The spatial trends in TCO over TP are mostly negative in summer and autumn (from −0.2 DU/yr to −0.6 DU/yr), but positive in winter (up to +0.2 DU/yr). Among the selected 20 urban regions, the highest annual trend −0.42 ± 0.3 DU/yr and the lowest −0.01 ± 0.2 DU/yr are estimated in Xining and Chittagong, respectively. Analysis using a multiple regression model reveals that the ozone variability in TP is mostly driven by tropopause height with a contribution of 24.92%, Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (23.42%), aerosols (16.12%) and solar flux (15.34%). Our study suggests that the observed negative trend is mainly associated with human activities and climate change in TP, which would likely to enhance the surface temperature and thus, melting of glaciers in the region.
Identification of hsa_circ_0001445 of a novel circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network as potential biomarker for coronary heart disease
Authors: Dinh PhongSon , Peng JunHua , Tran ThanhLoan , Wu DongFeng , Tran ChauMyThanh , Dinh ThiPhuongHoai , Pan ShangLing
Published: March 2023

Objects

To evaluate the hsa_circ_0001445 level in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its related clinical factors, and predict its circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in CHD pathogenesis via bioinformatics analysis.

Methods

Peripheral blood leukocytes were isolated from the whole blood samples of 94 CHD patients (aged 65.96 ± 9.78 years old) and 126 healthy controls (aged 60.75 ± 8.81 years old). qRT-PCR was used to quantify the expression level of circRNA and subsequently analyze its association with CHD clinical parameters. Via bioinformatics algorithm and GEO datasets, differential miRNA expression was evaluated using the Limma package. A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was predicted by cyTargetLinker. ClusterProfiler was employed to perform functional enrichment analysis of the circRNA network to investigate its role in CHD pathogenesis.

Results

The expression of hsa_circ_0001445 in peripheral blood leukocytes of CHD patients was downregulated compared with that of healthy controls. Positive correlations were evident between hsa_circ_0001445 expression level and the levels of hemoglobin, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A significant negative correlation was also found between hsa_circ_0001445 expression level and age and the neutrophil level. Low expression of hsa_circ_0001445 exhibited a discriminatory ability between CHD patients and healthy controls with a sensitivity of 67.5% and a specificity of 76.6% (p < 0.05). By bioinformatics analysis, 405 gene ontology terms were identified. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms focused principally on the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. hsa_circ_0001445 was associated with the expression of three miRNAs that may regulate 18 genes involved in KEGG processes: hsa-miR-507, hsa-miR-375–3p, and hsa-miR-942–5p.

Conclusion

The hsa_circ_0001445 level in peripheral blood leukocytes may serve as a biomarker for CHD diagnosis. Our work on circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks suggests a potential role for hsa_circ_0001445 in CHD development.
Multimodality imaging in the diagnostic management of concomitant aortic stenosis and transthyretin-related wild-type cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Cersosimo Angelica , Bonelli Andrea , Lombardi Carlo M. , Moreo Antonella , Pagnesi Matteo , Tomasoni Daniela , Arabia Gianmarco , Vizzardi Enrico , Adamo Marianna , Farina Davide , Metra Marco , Inciardi Riccardo M.
Published: March 2023

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease with a prevalence rate of more than 4% in 75-year-old people or older. Similarly, cardiac amyloidosis (CA), especially “wild-type transthyretin” (wTTR), has shown a prevalence rate ranging from 22% to 25% in people older than 80 years. The detection of the concomitant presence of CA and AS is challenging primarily because of the similar type of changes in the left ventricle caused by AS and CA, which share some morphological characteristics. The aim of this review is to identify the imaging triggers in order to recognize occult wtATTR-CA in patients with AS, clarifying the crucial step of the diagnostic process. Multimodality imaging methods such as echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, cardiac computed tomography, and DPD scintigraphy will be analyzed as part of the available diagnostic workup to identify wtATTR-CA early in patients with AS.
CRMnet: A deep learning model for predicting gene expression from large regulatory sequence datasets
Authors: Ding Ke , Dixit Gunjan , Parker Brian J. , Wen Jiayu
Published: March 2023

Recent large datasets measuring the gene expression of millions of possible gene promoter sequences provide a resource to design and train optimized deep neural network architectures to predict expression from sequences. High predictive performance due to the modeling of dependencies within and between regulatory sequences is an enabler for biological discoveries in gene regulation through model interpretation techniques. To understand the regulatory code that delineates gene expression, we have designed a novel deep-learning model (CRMnet) to predict gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our model outperforms the current benchmark models and achieves a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.971 and a mean squared error of 3.200. Interpretation of informative genomic regions determined from model saliency maps, and overlapping the saliency maps with known yeast motifs, supports that our model can successfully locate the binding sites of transcription factors that actively modulate gene expression. We compare our model's training times on a large compute cluster with GPUs and Google TPUs to indicate practical training times on similar datasets.
Intra-seasonal variability in supraglacial stream sediment on the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Leidman Sasha Z. , Rennermalm Åsa K. , Muthyala Rohi , Skiles S. McKenzie , Getraer Alexander
Published: March 2023

On the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet, the presence of low-albedo features greatly contributes to ablation zone meltwater production. Some of the lowest albedo features on the Ice Sheet are water-filled supraglacial stream channels, especially those with abundant deposits of consolidated cryoconite sediment. Because these sediments enhance melting by disproportionately lowering albedo, studying their spatial extent can provide a better understanding of Greenland’s contribution to global sea level rise. However, little is known about the spatial distribution of supraglacial stream sediment, or how it changes in response to seasonal flow regimes. Here, we surveyed a supraglacial stream network in Southwest Greenland, collecting imagery from seven uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) flights over the course of 24 days in 2019. Using Structure-from-Motion-generated orthomosaic imagery and digital elevation models (DEMs), we manually digitized the banks of the supraglacial stream channels, classified the areal coverage of sediment deposits, and modeled how the terrain influences the amount of incoming solar radiation at the Ice Sheet surface. We used imagery classified by surface types andin-situspectrometer measurements to determine how changes in sediment cover altered albedo. We found that, within our study area, only 15% of cryoconite sediment was consolidated in cryoconite holes; the remaining 85% was located within supraglacial streams mostly concentrated on daily inundated riverbanks (hereafter termed floodplains). Sediment cover and stream width are highly correlated, suggesting that sediment influx into supraglacial drainage systems widens stream channels or darkens previously widened channels. This reduces albedo in floodplains that already receive greater solar radiation due to their flatness. Additionally, the areal extent of stream sediments increased in August following seasonal peak flow, suggesting that as stream power decreases, more sediment accumulates in supraglacial channels. This negative feedback loop for melting may delay Greenland’s runoff to the latter end of the melt season. This study shows in unprecedented detail where and when sediment is deposited and how these deposits potentially impact the Ice Sheet surface energy balance. These findings may allow for better prediction of how supraglacial floodplains, and the microbiomes they contain, might change in response to increased melting.
Recurrent parathyromatosis in a patient with concomitant MEN1 and CASR gene alterations: Clinical management of a case report and literature review
Authors: Sapuppo Giulia , Giusti Maria Ausilia , Aricò Demetrio , Masucci Romilda , Tavarelli Martina , Russo Marco , Pellegriti Gabriella
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Parathyromatosis is a rare cause of primitive hyperparathyroidism characterized by the presence of numerous parathyroid tissue foci in the neck/mediastinum, due to hyperplasia of parathyroid embryologic residues (primary-form) or to local parathyroid tissue implantation (secondary-form). 63 cases have been described in the literature. In our patient parathyromatosis was due to a combination of two mutations.

Case report

A 36-years-old woman was diagnosed with osteoporosis secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism. Subsequent right parathyroidectomy showed a parathyroid adenoma. The follow-up was negative but after 10 years she had a relapse. The genetic screening showed a rare intronic mutation of the MEN1 gene and a heterozygous mutation never described in exon 8 of the CASR gene, coding for the calcium receptor. Calcemia and PTH increased over the years with the onset of nephrocalcinosis and the worsening of osteoporosis despite the therapy with Cinacalcet, bisphosphonates and Vitamin D. She had therefore two additional surgical procedures (parathyroid tissue without malignancy). At follow-up she showed elevated levels of PTH (>1000 pg/ml) and calcium (11.2 mg/dl) and CT scans multiple subcentimetric nodules in the neck/upper mediastinum. Since the 68Ga-DOTATATE showed an increased uptake in the neck/mediastinum, lanreotide was added. After two months there was a significant biochemical response but, unfortunately, after six months, the patient showed a new worsening.

Conclusions

a rare case of parathyromatosis due to a combination of two genetic alterations never described. The main issues concern the diagnosis and the radical treatment. Somatostatin analogues may have a useful role in both diagnosis and therapy.
The bibliometric analysis of studies on intracytoplasmic sperm injection from 2002 to 2021
Authors: Shen Xiaoli , Xiao Tianbing , Han Wei , Ye Hong , Zhang Yuanfeng , Huang Guoning
Published: March 2023

Background

Infertility is estimated to occur in 1 out of every 4–7 couples. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a type of assisted reproduction introduced in 1992, has been used across the world for almost all indications of infertility, yielding high pregnancy rates. There is a growing concern worldwide about ICSI since semen quality has declined in recent years, accompanied with the potential risks of this technology. This study aims to analyze the current status and hotspots of ICSI via a bibliometric analysis.

Methods

We retrieved publications on ICSI from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2002 to 2021. CiteSpace was used to summarize knowledge mapping of subject categories, keywords, and co-citation relationships with the strongest citation bursts. VOSviewer was used to explore co-citation and co-occurrence relationships for countries, organizations, references, authors, and keywords.

Results

A total of 8271 publications were analyzed between 2002 and 2021. The major findings are as follows: the USA, China, Italy, Japan, and Belgium are the top five prolific countries. The Free University of Brussels, University of Copenhagen, University of Valencia, Ghent University, and the University of California San Francisco are the top five contributing organizations. Fertility and Sterility and Human Reproduction are the most productive and cited journals. The hotspot topics are risks of ICSI, oocyte preservation, live birth rate, infertile men, and embryo quality in the past two decades.

Conclusion

This study presents a research overview of ICSI from different perspectives. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the current status of ICSI research and provide hotspots and trends for future studies.
Storage duration of vitrified embryos does not affect pregnancy and neonatal outcomes after frozen-thawed embryo transfer
Authors: Li Xuelan , Guo Pingping , Blockeel Christophe , Li Xinning , Deng Ling , Yang Jie , Li Chujun , Lin Min , Wu Haocun , Cai Guifeng , Hu Yunzhao , Chen Xin
Published: March 2023

Background

With the refinement of cryopreservation technology, the number of frozen-warmed embryo transfer (FET) cycles and cryopreserved embryos has increased rapidly. However, studies investigating the effect of storage duration on pregnancy outcomes after vitrification are limited and their results are controversial. Furthermore, the available studies did not take patients’ demographic nor clinical treatment characteristics into account and the cryo-storage duration was short. So this study aimed to explore the effect of storage duration of vitrified warmed embryos on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in patients with good prognosis and long storage duration of vitrified embryos.

Methods

This study was a bi-centre, retrospective study including 1037 women undergoing their first FET cycles following a fresh cycle from January 2012 until December 2021. Patients were divided into four storage groups in accordance with the storage duration of transferred embryos (612 patients in group I, with storage duration between 1 and 6 months; 202 patients in group II, with storage duration between 7 and 12 months; 141 patients in group III, with storage duration between 13 and 36 months; and 76 patients in group IV, with storage duration between 37 and 84 months). The pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were compared amongst different storage duration groups.

Results

Amongst the different groups, no significant differences were observed in the pregnancy outcomes, including biochemical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate and live birth rate. In addition, no evidence of differences amongst different storage duration groups was observed in terms of preterm birth, birth length and low birthweight.

Conclusions

The pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of embryos after vitrification were not impaired by storage duration up to 7 years.
Recent advances in the crosstalk between adipose, muscle and bone tissues in fish
Authors: Hue Isabelle , Capilla Encarnación , Rosell-Moll Enrique , Balbuena-Pecino Sara , Goffette Valentine , Gabillard Jean-Charles , Navarro Isabel
Published: March 2023

Control of tissue metabolism and growth involves interactions between organs, tissues, and cell types, mediated by cytokines or direct communication through cellular exchanges. Indeed, over the past decades, many peptides produced by adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and bone named adipokines, myokines and osteokines respectively, have been identified in mammals playing key roles in organ/tissue development and function. Some of them are released into the circulation acting as classical hormones, but they can also act locally showing autocrine/paracrine effects. In recent years, some of these cytokines have been identified in fish models of biomedical or agronomic interest. In this review, we will present their state of the art focusing on local actions and inter-tissue effects. Adipokines reported in fish adipocytes include adiponectin and leptin among others. We will focus on their structure characteristics, gene expression, receptors, and effects, in the adipose tissue itself, mainly regulating cell differentiation and metabolism, but in muscle and bone as target tissues too. Moreover, lipid metabolites, named lipokines, can also act as signaling molecules regulating metabolic homeostasis. Regarding myokines, the best documented in fish are myostatin and the insulin-like growth factors. This review summarizes their characteristics at a molecular level, and describes both, autocrine effects and interactions with adipose tissue and bone. Nonetheless, our understanding of the functions and mechanisms of action of many of these cytokines is still largely incomplete in fish, especially concerning osteokines (i.e., osteocalcin), whose potential cross talking roles remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, by using selective breeding or genetic tools, the formation of a specific tissue can be altered, highlighting the consequences on other tissues, and allowing the identification of communication signals. The specific effects of identified cytokines validated through in vitro models or in vivo trials will be described. Moreover, future scientific fronts (i.e., exosomes) and tools (i.e., co-cultures, organoids) for a better understanding of inter-organ crosstalk in fish will also be presented. As a final consideration, further identification of molecules involved in inter-tissue communication will open new avenues of knowledge in the control of fish homeostasis, as well as possible strategies to be applied in aquaculture or biomedicine.
Examining the relationship between vegetation decline and precipitation in the national parks of the Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area during the 21st century
Authors: Herrero Hannah V. , Southworth Jane , Khatami Reza , Insalaco Stephanie , Muir Carly
Published: March 2023

The Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area (GLTFCA) of southeastern Southern Africa is home to five large national parks and is an important protected area crossing different geopolitical borders, but with the same conservation goals. However, even with similar management techniques, there have been concerning declines in vegetation observed across the last few decades. This study proposes that a larger driver, climate, is linked to this decline over time, and raises the point that these conservation areas are more important now than ever. Precipitation (annual and seasonal), the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI, indicator of vegetation health), and Directional Persistence data (D, metric to measure trends in vegetation health over time compared to a baseline value) from 2000 to 2020 are used. Overall, there was a negative trend in precipitation during the 21st century in all seasons except the beginning of the wet season. Linked to this were negative trends in vegetation health both in absolute Normalized Difference Vegetation Index values and resultant D values. Overall, this study found a decline in precipitation, which was significantly linked to a decline in vegetation health across the majority of the year in the Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area. This study supports literature on browning in sub-Saharan Africa and gives managers even more reason to work together towards a unified conservation strategy for this important region.
Clinical and genetic analysis VSX1 variants among families with keratoconus in northwest China
Authors: Zhang Jinjin , Cai Bo , Ma Limei , Qin Yixuan , Li Shuai , Sun Caihong , Liang Jing , Han Yu , Zhuang Wenjuan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To screen VSX1 gene sequence variations and describe the clinical features of families with keratoconus (KC) from northwest China.

Methods: We screened VSX1 sequence variations and clinical data of 37 families including 37 probands with diagnosed KC from Ningxia Eye Hospital (China). VSX1 was screened by targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and verified by Sanger sequencing. In silico analysis including Mutation Taster, MutationAssessor, PROVEAN, MetaLR, FATHMM, M-CAP, FATHMM-XF_coding and DANN was performed to identify the pathogenicity of the sequence variations as well as the conserved amino acid variations of VSX1 was implemented by Clustal X. All subjects were assessed in Pentacam Scheimpflug tomography and corneal biomechanical Corvis ST examinations.

Results: Five VSX1 gene variants, were identified in six (16.2%) unrelated families with KC. In silico analysis predicted deleterious effects of the three missense variants (p.G342E, p.G160V, and p.L17V) in the encoded protein. Another previously reported synonymous variation (p.R27R) in the first exon and one heterozygous change in the first intron (c.425-73C>T) were identified in three KC families. Clinical examination of the asymptomatic first-degree parents from these six families who shared the gene with the proband had suspected KC changes in topographic and biomechanical markers. These variants co-segregated with the disease phenotype in all affected individuals but not in unaffected family members or healthy controls, though with variable expressivity.

Conclusion: The variant p.G342E of VSX1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of KC, which expands the range of the spectrum of VSX1 mutations with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern and variable expression in the clinical phenotype. Genetic screening combined with clinical phenotype may help in the genetic counseling of patients with KC and identification of individuals with subclinical KC.
Immunologic risk stratification of pediatric heart transplant patients by combining HLA-EMMA and PIRCHE-II
Authors: Ellison M. , Mangiola M. , Marrari M. , Bentlejewski C. , Sadowski J. , Zern D. , Kramer Cynthia Silvia Maria , Heidt S. , Niemann M. , Xu Q. , Dipchand A. I. , Mahle W. T. , Rossano J. W. , Canter C. E. , Singh T. P. , Zuckerman W. A. , Hsu D. T. , Feingold B. , Webber S. A. , Zeevi A.
Published: March 2023

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecular mismatch is a powerful biomarker of rejection. Few studies have explored its use in assessing rejection risk in heart transplant recipients. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of HLA Epitope Mismatch Algorithm (HLA-EMMA) and Predicted Indirectly Recognizable HLA Epitopes (PIRCHE-II) algorithms can improve risk stratification of pediatric heart transplant recipients. Class I and II HLA genotyping were performed by next-generation sequencing on 274 recipient/donor pairs enrolled in the Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation in Children (CTOTC). Using high-resolution genotypes, we performed HLA molecular mismatch analysis with HLA-EMMA and PIRCHE-II, and correlated these findings with clinical outcomes. Patients without pre-formed donor specific antibody (DSA) (n=100) were used for correlations with post-transplant DSA and antibody mediated rejection (ABMR). Risk cut-offs were determined for DSA and ABMR using both algorithms. HLA-EMMA cut-offs alone predict the risk of DSA and ABMR; however, if used in combination with PIRCHE-II, the population could be further stratified into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. The combination of HLA-EMMA and PIRCHE-II enables more granular immunological risk stratification. Intermediate-risk cases, like low-risk cases, are at a lower risk of DSA and ABMR. This new way of risk evaluation may facilitate individualized immunosuppression and surveillance.
Integrating bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data reveals the relationship between intratumor microbiome signature and host metabolic heterogeneity in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Fangyue , Yang Jun , Guo Youxiang , Su Dongwei , Sheng Yuan , Wu Yanmei
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Nowadays, it has been recognized that gut microbiome can indirectly modulate cancer susceptibility or progression. However, whether intratumor microbes are parasitic, symbiotic, or merely bystanders in breast cancer is not fully understood. Microbial metabolite plays a pivotal role in the interaction of host and microbe via regulating mitochondrial and other metabolic pathways. And the relationship between tumor-resident microbiota and cancer metabolism remains an open question.

Methods

1085 breast cancer patients with normalized intratumor microbial abundance data and 32 single-cell RNA sequencing samples were retrieved from public datasets. We used the gene set variation analysis to evaluate the various metabolic activities of breast cancer samples. Furthermore, we applied Scissor method to identify microbe-associated cell subpopulations from single-cell data. Then, we conducted comprehensive bioinformatic analyses to explore the association between host and microbe in breast cancer.

Results

Here, we found that the metabolic status of breast cancer cells was highly plastic, and some microbial genera were significantly correlated with cancer metabolic activity. We identified two distinct clusters based on microbial abundance and tumor metabolism data. And dysregulation of the metabolic pathway was observed among different cell types. Metabolism-related microbial scores were calculated to predict overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, the microbial abundance of the specific genus was associated with gene mutation due to possible microbe-mediated mutagenesis. The infiltrating immune cell compositions, including regulatory T cells and activated NK cells, were significantly associated with the metabolism-related intratumor microbes, as indicated in the Mantel test analysis. Moreover, the mammary metabolism-related microbes were related to T cell exclusion and response to immunotherapy.

Conclusions

Overall, the exploratory study shed light on the potential role of the metabolism-related microbiome in breast cancer patients. And the novel treatment will be realized by further investigating the metabolic disturbance in host and intratumor microbial cells.
N6-methyladenosine reader YTHDF family in biological processes: Structures, roles, and mechanisms
Authors: Chen Lin , Gao Yang , Xu Simiao , Yuan Jinxiong , Wang Min , Li Tianyu , Gong Jun
Published: March 2023

As the most abundant and conserved internal modification in eukaryote RNAs, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. The YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing family proteins (YTHDFs), including YTHDF1, YTHDF2, and YTHDF3, are a class of cytoplasmic m6A-binding proteins defined by the vertebrate YTH domain, and exert extensive functions in regulating RNA destiny. Distinct expression patterns of the YTHDF family in specific cell types or developmental stages result in prominent differences in multiple biological processes, such as embryonic development, stem cell fate, fat metabolism, neuromodulation, cardiovascular effect, infection, immunity, and tumorigenesis. The YTHDF family mediates tumor proliferation, metastasis, metabolism, drug resistance, and immunity, and possesses the potential of predictive and therapeutic biomarkers. Here, we mainly summary the structures, roles, and mechanisms of the YTHDF family in physiological and pathological processes, especially in multiple cancers, as well as their current limitations and future considerations. This will provide novel angles for deciphering m6A regulation in a biological system.
Identification and validation of IgG N-glycosylation biomarkers of esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Pan Huiying , Wu Zhiyuan , Zhang Haiping , Zhang Jie , Liu Yue , Li Zhiwei , Feng Wei , Wang Guiqi , Liu Yong , Zhao Deli , Zhang Zhiyi , Liu Yuqin , Zhang Zhe , Liu Xiangtong , Tao Lixin , Luo Yanxia , Wang Xiaonan , Yang Xinghua , Zhang Feng , Li Xia , Guo Xiuhua
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Altered Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation is associated with aging, inflammation, and diseases status, while its effect on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. As far as we know, this is the first study to explore and validate the association of IgG N-glycosylation and the carcinogenesis progression of ESCC, providing innovative biomarkers for the predictive identification and targeted prevention of ESCC.

Methods

In total, 496 individuals of ESCC (n=114), precancerosis (n=187) and controls (n=195) from the discovery population (n=348) and validation population (n=148) were recruited in the study. IgG N-glycosylation profile was analyzed and an ESCC-related glycan score was composed by a stepwise ordinal logistic model in the discovery population. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with the bootstrapping procedure was used to assess the performance of the glycan score.

Results

In the discovery population, the adjusted OR of GP20 (digalactosylated monosialylated biantennary with core and antennary fucose), IGP33 (the ratio of all fucosylated monosyalilated and disialylated structures), IGP44 (the proportion of high mannose glycan structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP58 (the percentage of all fucosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP75 (the incidence of bisecting GlcNAc in all fucosylated digalactosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), and the glycan score are 4.03 (95% CI: 3.03-5.36, P<0.001), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87, P<0.001), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.69, P<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P<0.001), 7.17 (95% CI: 4.77-10.79, P<0.001), and 2.86 (95% CI: 2.33-3.53, P<0.001), respectively. Individuals in the highest tertile of the glycan score own an increased risk (OR: 11.41), compared with those in the lowest. The average multi-class AUC are 0.822 (95% CI: 0.786-0.849). Findings are verified in the validation population, with an average AUC of 0.807 (95% CI: 0.758-0.864).

Discussion

Our study demonstrated that IgG N-glycans and the proposed glycan score appear to be promising predictive markers for ESCC, contributing to the early prevention of esophageal cancer. From the perspective of biological mechanism, IgG fucosylation and mannosylation might involve in the carcinogenesis progression of ESCC, and provide potential therapeutic targets for personalized interventions of cancer progression.
Towards remote surveillance of marine pests: A comparison between remote operated vehicles and diver surveys
Authors: Tait Leigh W. , Bulleid Jeremy , Rodgers Lily Pryor , Seaward Kimberley , Olsen Louis , Woods Chris , Lane Henry , Inglis Graeme J.
Published: March 2023

Early detection of marine invasive species is key for mitigating and managing their impacts to marine ecosystems and industries. Human divers are considered the gold standard tool for detecting marine invasive species, especially when dive teams are familiar with the local biodiversity. However, diver operations can be expensive and dangerous, and are not always practical. Remote operated vehicles (ROVs) can potentially overcome these limitations, but it is unclear how sensitive they are compared to trained divers for detecting pests. We assessed the sensitivity and efficiency of ROVs and divers for detecting marine non-indigenous species (NIS), including the potential for automated detection algorithms to reduce post-processing costs of ROV methods. We show that ROVs can detect comparable assemblages of invasive species as divers, but with lower detection rates (0.2 NIS min-1) than divers (0.5 NIS min-1) and covered less seafloor than divers per unit time. While small invertebrates (e.g., skeleton shrimp Caprella mutica) were more easily detected by divers, the invasive goby Acentrogobius pflaumii was only detected by the ROV. We show that implementation of computer vision algorithms can provide accurate identification of larger biofouling organisms and reduce overall survey costs, yet the relative costs of ROV surveys remain almost twice that of diver surveys. We expect that as ROV technologies improve and investment in autonomous and semi-autonomous underwater vehicles increases, much of the current inefficiencies of ROVs will be mitigated, yet practitioners should be aware of limitations in taxonomic resolution and the strengths of specialist diver teams.
Influence of laboratory conditions on two species Dictyotaceae family (Phaeophyceae): Diterpenoid profile and physiological response
Authors: Obando Johana Marcela Concha , dos Santos Thalisia Cunha , Fortes Rafael da Rocha , Bernardes Marcelo , Nascimento Nívia , Villaça Roberto Campos , Teixeira Valeria Laneuville , Barbarino Elisabete , Cavalcanti Diana Negrão
Published: March 2023

The seaweed Dictyotaceae family has a great wealth of diterpenes with important biological activities. Information on these diterpenes qualitative and quantitative aspects in conjunction with physiological data and abiotic parameters are essential to obtain an effective algal culture system that is a sustainable resource. In this study, the diterpene profile of Dictyota menstrualis and Canistrocarpus cervicornis were analyzed as a function of in vitro maintenance time and the influence of culture medium. The algae were collected in the state of Rio de Janeiro and subjected to an acclimation period in the laboratory. Then, the species were acclimated in aquaria containing seawater from the collection sites. Then biomass algal was divided into (i) control experiment (CC): Growth in sterilized seawater; (ii) enriched experiment (EE): Growth in sterilized seawater enriched with Provasoli/2. Triplicate experiments were maintained in vitro (2.4% m/v), and the medium was changed every 7 days. Diterpenes were monitored using dichloromethane extracts from dried algae: (a) collected in the field, (b) after the acclimation period, and (c) from experimental units taken every 7 days for a total of 21 days. Among the main results, we found response variables such as specific growth rate (SGR); moreover, positive data were obtained for the alga C. cervicornis in CC, and this was evident showing after 7 days of cultivation in the experimental control unit (CU). For D. menstrualis, the SGRs for the treatments were negative at the monitored time, which was due to biomass losses, frond breakage, and rapid decomposition of some individuals that did not withstand the stress conditions during their collection. The analysis of the chemical profile by GC-MS made it possible to monitor 12 diterpenes and one sterol in the alga D. menstrualis and 7 diterpenes in C. cervicorni. The correlations found by Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and redundancy analysis (RDA) statistical analyzes between the diterpene profile with the monitored variables (Nitrate, ammonia and pH), showed correlations for 10 diterpenes of the species D. menstrualis and 1 of the C. cervicornis, our analyses are important for the discussion of metabolic plasticity of the Dictyotaceae family
Nanosilica incorporated coarse wool-epoxy hybrid biocomposites with improved physico-mechanical properties
Authors: Jose Seiko , George Jesiya Susan , Jacob Tinu Ann , Vijayan P Poornima , Bhanu A. V. Asha , Nedumpillil Namitha Nandanan , Thomas Sabu
Published: March 2023

In the reported work, the wool fabric was coated with epoxy resin by hand layup method to fabricate the wool-epoxy composites. Hydrophobic nanosilica was used as a filler to improve their mechanical characteristics. The physico-mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed using various analytical techniques. The surface morphology was examined with the aid of Scanning Electron Microscope. The biodegradability of the developed composites was determined by soil burial test. The presence of nanosilica in the composite was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). According to the findings, up to 0.5% nanosilica content significantly increases the tensile and impact strength of the wool-epoxy composites. The contact angle measurement showed a slight enhancement in the hydrophobic properties of the composites due to the dispersion of hydrophobic nanosilica particles. The presence of nanosilica slightly reduced the water diffusivity in wool-epoxy-nanosilica composites when compared to wool-epoxy composites. The SEM images detected nanosilica inside the composites. After soil burial test, all the composites showed a weight reduction below 1.0%.