bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
U-11 Resistance writer in Saraiki Manthoor Literature
Authors: Muhammad Fiaz Hafiz , Hasaan Chandio Javid
Published: October 2021

Saraiki Literature is thriving with astonishing speed and remarkable quality of literary qualities. Saraiki literature is touching almost every aspect of life as a subject matter in its all genres. The one theme which appears in all literary genres of Saraiki language that is of Resistance. Saraiki prose writers have resisted against the oppression of the state, feudal lords and against the politicians of Saraiki region who are responsible for the backwardness, poverty and deterioration of Saraiki region. In this article, it has been traced that how Saraiki prose writers are treating the theme of Resistance in their literary genres. This article has focused on the works of those writers who have created a very sound impact through their respective genres
Revista Completa Volumen 1 - Número 1
Authors: Díaz Becerra Oscar Alfredo , Morales Alvarado Lorenza
Published: October 2021

La Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Contadores Públicos del Perú, es una Institución de derecho público, siendo el máximo Organismo representativo de la profesión del Contador Público dentro del país y en el exterior, fue creada en noviembre de 1992, por Decreto Ley No 25892 y su reglamento aprobado por Decreto Supremo No 008-93-JUS.
El enfoque de la auditoría en el entorno de la era digital y la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Morán Vilcherrez Mario
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo, se desarrolla en el ámbito del Tema: “Enfoque moderno de la auditoría y su papel en la prevención del fraude y la corrupción”, sub tema “El enfoque de la Auditoría en el entorno de la era digital y la inteligencia artificial”.

Constituye un aporte de especial interés y marca relevancia porque identifica los

elementos necesarios para concretar el rol del Contador Público en su función de Auditor que enfrenta el reto de enfocar la auditoría en el entorno de la era digital y la inteligencia artificial; en el actual escenario de crisis y de pandemia COVID-19.

Al pensar en un auditor, se mantiene una imagen del profesional inmerso en un mar de papeles documentando su trabajo. Esa visión está desactualizada; el paradigma del auditor ha venido a cambiar de imagen en las últimas décadas, proponiendo un nuevo modelo, donde el profesional auditor es una persona con pensamiento crítico, que aprovecha la tecnología de vanguardia y las ideas innovadoras, generando un cambio en base de la nueva era digital y el auge de la inteligencia artificial que se caracterice por el accionar basado en la innovación tecnológica, las normas sociales y en el cambio de paradigmas.
Double- Blind Peer Review in Scientific Periodicals in the Humanities – Aspects of Publons’ Usage in Bulgaria
Authors: Kozhukharov Asen , Cholakova Atanaska
Published: October 2021

Based on Publons and the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) data, we analyze the state of peer-review procedures' implementation in Bulgarian SSH (Social Sciences and Humanities) scholarly journals. We establish the beginning of Bulgarian journals' transformation and the application of a specific peer-review Bulgarian model in terms of attracting foreign reviewers. At the same time, compared with our neighbouring countries, an apparent abandonment and lack of evaluation procedures' verification is observed. The paper also justifies the need to improve the higher education policy in introducing adequate criteria tracking the status and actual implementation of peerreview in scientific periodicals.
Literatura e REA: propostas metodológicas para educação literária aberta em cenários on-line de aprendizagem
Authors: Silva Eduardo Ferreira da , Pedroza Maria Kaline de Lima , Silva Ivanda Maria Martins
Published: October 2021

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor estratégias didático-metodológicas direcionadas ao ensino de literatura no nível médio, visando à formação de leitores críticos e autônomos no contexto da cultura digital, levando em conta as potencialidades dos Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA). Como aporte teórico, foram priorizadas abordagens que discutem os REA no campo da educação aberta em cenários on-line de aprendizagem, bem como enfoques sobre educação literária na cultura digital. Em relação à metodologia adotada, trata-se de estudo exploratório/descritivo para mapeamento de plataformas digitais de Educação Aberta, visando à coleta de dados com foco em REA que pudessem ser explorados em propostas metodológicas para a educação literária aberta. Também investigamos como as diretrizes curriculares da BNCC propõem o ensino de literatura no contexto da cultura digital. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para as potencialidades dos REA, em articulação com proposições didático-metodológicas para transformar positivamente a educação literária aberta.
The Influence of the Atmosphere and the Location on Consumer Buying Interest in Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City
Authors: Faulia Faulia , Herfianti Meiffa , Prawitasari Andriyani
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the atmosphere and the location on consumer buying interest at Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City. The sample in this study was 65 consumers who bought at Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City. Collecting data using a questionnaire and the analytical method used is multiple linear regression, determination test and hypothesis testing. The results of the study show a positive regression direction with the equation Y = 7.005 + 0.512 (X1) + 0.295 (X2). The determination test is 0.826 or 82.6% of Buying Interest at Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City while the remaining 0.174 or 17.4% is influenced by other variables that are not included in this research model. The atmosphere has a significant influence on consumer buying interest at Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City, this is evidenced by the results of the t test showing a significant value of 0.001 is less than 0.05 meaning H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Location has a significant influence on consumer buying interest at Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City, this is evidenced by the results of the t test showing a significant value of 0.000 is less than 0.05 meaning H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Atmosphere (X1) and Location (X2) together have a significant influence on consumer buying interest (Y) at at Kampung Kecil Restaurant of Bengkulu City, this is evidenced by F test showing a significant value of 0.000 is less than 0.05.
ZIRCON TRACE ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY AS AN INDICATOR OF MAGMA FERTILITY IN IRON OXIDE COPPER-GOLD PROVINCES
Authors: Wade C. E. , Payne J. L. , Barovich K. , Gilbert S. , Wade B. P. , Crowley J. L. , Reid A. , Jagodzinski E. A.
Published: October 2021

Extrusive and intrusive felsic magmas occur throughout the evolution of silicic-dominated large igneous province magmatism that is temporally related to numerous economically significant iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits in southern Australia. We investigate zircon trace element signatures of the felsic magmas to assess whether zircon composition can be related to fertility of the volcanic and intrusive suites within IOCG-hosted mineral provinces. Consistent with zircon forming in oxidizing magmatic conditions, the rare earth element (REE) patterns of zircon sourced from both extrusive and intrusive magmatic rocks are characterized by light REE depletions and a range of positive Ce and negative Eu anomalies. The timing of the major phase of IOCG mineralization overlaps with the early part of the first phase of Lower Gawler Range Volcanics magmatism (1593.6–1590.4 Ma) and older intrusive magmatism of the Hiltaba Suite (1593.06–1590.50 Ma). Zircon in these mineralization-related intrusives and extrusives is distinguished from zircon in younger, mineralization-absent rocks by higher Eu/Eu*, Ce/Ce*, and Ti values and separate magma evolution paths with respect to Hf. These zircon characteristics correspond to lower degrees of fractionation and/or crustal assimilation, more oxidizing magmatic conditions, and higher magmatic temperatures, respectively, in magmas coeval with mineralization.

In this respect, we consider higher oxidation state, lower degrees of fractionation, and higher magmatic temperatures to be features of fertile magmas in southern Australian IOCG terrains. Similar zircon REE characteristics are shared between magmas associated with southern Australian IOCG and iron oxide-apatite (IOA) rhyolites from the St. Francois Mountains, Missouri, namely high Ce/Ce* and high Dy/Yb, indicative of oxidized and dry magmas, respectively. The dry and more fractionated nature of the IOCG- and IOA-associated magmas contrasts with the hydrous and unfractionated nature of fertile porphyry Cu deposit magmas. As indicated by high Ce/Ce* ratios, the oxidized nature is considered a key element in magma fertility in IOCG-IOA terrains. In both IOCG and IOA terrains, the trace element compositions of zircon are able to broadly differentiate fertile from nonfertile magmatic rocks.
Case finding of dry eye disease in Norwegian optometric practice: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ystenæs Ann Elisabeth , Sand Ingeborg , Sundling Vibeke
Published: October 2021

Optometrists are primary eye care providers, and it is essential that they efficiently identify patients who will benefit from dry eye management. The aim of the study was to explore case finding of dry eye disease (DED) in optometric practice. A cross-sectional study examining dry eye symptoms and signs in 186 patients (18–70 years of age) attending a routine eye examination, with DED defined according to the criteria of the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II. Standard statistical tests were used, and clinical diagnostics were explored using sensitivity, specificity, and receiveroperating curve (ROC) statistics. Fifty-six patients were contact lens wearers, and they were significantly younger than the non-contact lens wearers (mean age 35 (SD = 1) versus 48 (± 2) years). The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the better eye was 1.0 (± 0.1) (decimal acuity). There was no difference in BCVA between contact lens wearers and non-contact lens wearers. The mean Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score was 22 (± 19), and 138 patients had at least one positive homeostasis marker. Eighty-six had DED, 52 had signs without symptoms, and 23 had symptoms without signs of DED. The sensitivity and specificity of OSDI in detecting any positive homeostasis marker were 62% and 54%, respectively. In all, 106 patients had meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), of which 49 were asymptomatic. In a ROC analysis, an OSDI ≥ 13 showed a diagnostic ability to differentiate between patients with a fluorescein breakup time (FBUT) < 10 seconds and a fluorescein breakup time ≥ 10 seconds, but not between patients with and without staining or MGD. The majority of patients had dry eye signs and/or dry eye symptoms. Routine assessment of FBUT and meibomian glands may enable case finding of DED in optometric practice.
Sistema de análisis de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y sus factores de riesgo
Authors: Quiroz Jeremy , Villarreal Vladimir , Nielsen Mel , Muñoz Lilia
Published: October 2021

El análisis de datos se define como el proceso de limpieza, transformación y modelado de data, con el objetivo de encontrar información que sea útil en la toma de decisiones para cualquier sector. El sector salud no cuenta con estadísticas básicas generadas por una plataforma y que puedan permitirle la interpretación por los tomadores de decisiones en el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias. Este proyecto busca analizar los datos de diabetes como enfermedad crónica no transmisible y los factores de riesgo que afectan a la población de Panamá recopilados en la plataforma médica AmIHealth. A través de estos análisis se podrán estudiar los motivos que hacen que la población panameña padezca algunas de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. El desarrollo de este proyecto se basó en una metodología ágil, lo que permitió desarrollar un sistema web funcional. Se validó el sistema a través de la aplicación de encuestas a los usuarios demostrando la efectividad de este. La principal aportación se centra en facilitar información para la toma de decisiones, enfocadas en la gobernanza y el desarrollo del país.
Therapeutic Effects of Fenofibrate on Blood Serum Lipid in Type II Diabetic Patients in El-beida, Libya
Authors: Mansour Yahya Saber E. , Ibrahim Nusieba A. Mohammed
Published: October 2021

The risks of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases are well known to be increased in diabetic patients. Moreover, the therapeutic response of fenofibrate drug on blood serum lipid is also known. However, previous studies did not compare the outcomes of fenofibrate on blood serum levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus with non-diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of fenofibrate on blood serum lipid profiles in hyperlipidemic patients with type II diabetes mellitus compared to hyperlipidemic patients without diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted on 40 type II diabetic patients and 30 non-diabetic patients. Their ages varied 30-55 years and all of them were hyperlipidemic. Blood serum lipid levels were measured before and once treatment at 1, 2, and 4 months. It was found that the levels of S. Total sterol and S. LDL-C were less in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic patients once they were exploited the different doses of fenofibrate, whereas the changes in S. HDL-C and S. triglyceride were nearly similar in each. Furthermore, it was noticed that just about the same responses of S. Total sterol and S. LDL-C reduction were achieved in diabetic patients once they were using a higher dose than that used for non-diabetic patients. Thus, higher doses of fenofibrate are required to reduce blood serum lipid levels in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients.
Neonatal Mortality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Benghazi Pediatric Hospital– Libya.
Authors: Alharam Zahra Mansour , Elsaeti Isaada , Alferjani Mohamed
Published: October 2021

This research aims to study mortality rates and identify the direct causes of neonatal deaths among newborns at Benghazi Pediatric Hospital. A descriptive case series study was conducted during 2015. Data included; birth weight, gender, residency, duration of hospital stay, age of neonates at death, and causes of death. Out of 1610 neonatal admissions reviewed, the total number of deaths was 122 during 2015. The data focused on death certificates of neonates and showed that the male gender was predominant (62.3 %). Most of them had a birth weight ranged between 2-2.9 Kg. Approximately 52 % of neonatal deaths in one day were of newborns <1 week old, and 54% were full-term  newborns. The most frequent direct single cause of death in neonates was prematurity, then neonatal sepsis and congenital heart disease respectively. The study concluded that the most frequent causes of infant mortality related deaths were prematurity then neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, future research is recommended, and the calculation of early and late neonatal mortality rate with the availability of total live births.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Lactic Acid Bacteria: Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Syame Sohier M. , Mansour Asmaa S. , Khalaf Doaa D. , Ibrahim E. S. , Gaber E. S.
Published: October 2021

The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) is a new methodology in nanotechnology with a hopeful implementation in medicine, food control, and pharmacy. The objective of the present research was to conduct a green synthesis of Ag-NPs using the cell-free supernatant of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis and evaluate their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The production of Ag-NPs was confirmed by the color alteration from yellow to brown. Using the UV-visible spectrophotometer, the biosynthesized Ag-NPs indicated an absorption peak at 410 nm. The transmission electron microscope was used for the determination of the size and morphology of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles appeared in spherical or polyhedral form, poly-dispersed and their diameter ranged from 5 to 40 nm. The X-ray diffraction analysis exhibited the crystalline nature of the particles with a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. The biosynthesized Ag-NPs were evaluated for their antimicrobial efficiency using the agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial activity of Ag-NPs was more potent against Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive bacteria. Ag-NPs synthesized from Lactobacillus plantarum recorded the maximum activity against Escherichia coli (ATCC® 10536™) and Pseudomonas (ATCC® 27853™) bacteria, while those synthesized from Lactobacillus brevis recorded the maximum activity against Escherichia coli (ATCC® 35218™). Ag-NPs synthesized from Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans (ATCC® 10231™). The effect of these nanoparticles on Escherichia coli (ATCC® 10536™) was examined and imaged by a transmission electron microscope that indicated damage to the plasma membrane and cell wall. In conclusion, the biosynthesized Ag-NPs have applications as antimicrobial agents in the medicine and food industry.
Assessing pre-monsoon and monsoon rainfall change signal with future projection over Gangetic West Bengal
Authors: CHAKRABORTY PRAMITI KUMAR , DAS LALU
Published: October 2021

Monsoon rainfall is the dominant factor that determines the success or failure of agriculture in general. Gangetic West Bengal is not any exception. Monsoon rainfall has immense importance for growing kharif rice in this region. Whereas pre-monsoon rainfall helps farmers for proper crop planning like choosing variety etc. So assessing a long (1901-2005) and short (1961-2005 and 1991-2005) period rainfall data, its comparison with different models and construction of future scenario have utmost importance. For this purpose, rainfall data from nine selected station of India Meteorological Department were collected and subjected to trend analysis. Model outputs were compared with the observed station data. Results showed an overall negative trend of pre-monsoon rainfall during 1901-2005. However, increasing trend in monsoon rainfall was noticed during the same period. In future scenario, monsoon rainfall indicates a nominal increase (~6%) whereas pre-monsoon rainfall increases in moderate amount (~11%). So, from the study it may be said that in near future farmers and crop planner should give more importance in pre-monsoon rainfall for better crop planning and other stake holder activities.
Wheat yield and seed physiological quality as influenced by seed vigor, nitrogen fertilization and edaphoclimatic conditions
Authors:   Syngenta Seeds, Souza Diogo Nascimento de
Published: October 2021

Wheat is one of the most important cereals grown in the world, and in Brazil, increasing national production is still a challenge. Nitrogen (N) supply can favor grain yield and the physiological quality of wheat seeds. However, the definition of adequate N rate and fertilization timing must consider genotype, cultivation environment, and initial seed vigor level. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial seed vigor and the combinations of rates and timings of N application on grain yield and seed physiological quality of wheat cultivars under different edaphoclimatic conditions. The experiment was carried out in Londrina and Ponta Grossa, state of Paraná, in a randomized block design in a 2 × 2 × 7 factorial scheme, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of two seed vigor levels (vigorous and non-vigorous seeds), two wheat cultivars (BRS Gralha-Azul and BRS Sabiá) and seven combinations of fertilization timings and N rates (kg ha-1) (control-0N; 20N at sowing and 60N at tillering; 40N at sowing; 80N at sowing; 40N at sowing and 40N at tillering; 40N at tillering; 80N at tillering). Number of emerged seedlings, vegetation index, shoot dry matter, number of fertile spikes m-2 and grain yield were evaluated. Additionally, the physiological potential of seeds produced in Londrina was evaluated by the testes of first count, germination, seedling emergence in sand and emergence speed index. The climatic conditions during the experiment, in both cultivation environments, were similar to average historical records, with some periods of water deficit. The highest grain yield was obtained with the BRS Gralha-Azul in Londrina, and with BRS Sabiá in Ponta Grossa. The use of vigorous seeds favored the stand establishment and the response of plants to N fertilization. The treatments 40N + 40N, and 40N + 0N favored the majority of evaluated variables. Both cultivars showed potential for the production of high physiological potential seeds in Londrina environment. Inadequate N supply impairs wheat grain yield and seed production.
Aplikasi Pembelajaran Algoritma Affine Cipher Dan Vigenere Cipher Menggunakan Metode Computer Assisted Instruction
Authors: Togiana Eveline
Published: October 2021

Learning is a process of communication between teachers and students. Cryptographic learning is very important for computer students to know the ways to secure data. Then learning is needed about data security, namely using cryptographic methods with the Affine Cipher algorithm and vigenere cipher. The Affine Cipher algorithm is a form of classical cryptography that uses the nature of substitution in the process of encoding data where the process is done by multiplying each plaintext value by a value and adding it with a shift. Vigenere Cipher algorithm is one form of classical cryptography with substitution techniques. Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) is a computer for presenting learning material that aims to make students more active in learning material in the use of computer media. In its development Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) has five learning system models namely tutorial models, practice models and exercises, problem solving models, simulation models, and game models, the advantages of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) in education can increase student motivation in learning, improve student understanding in the material presented.
Perancangan Perangkat Lunak Kelayakan Pemberian Kredit Mobil dengan Menggunakan Metode Analytic Hierarcy Process (AHP)
Authors: Sitanggang Lestari Pratiwi
Published: October 2021

Research with the title "Designing software for providing car credit worthiness using the Analytic Hiercy Process (AHP) method" was made with the main goal of building a software that is expected to help determine whether a person is worthy of credit, where this software is formed from a system decision support and to evaluate the feasibility of someone in receiving credit that will help decision makers in determining credit lending decisions by analyzing credit terms that have met the Five C requirements, namely customer character (Character), capacity to pay off credit (Capacity), the ability of capital to be customer owned (Capital), collateral owned by the customer to bear credit risk (Collateral), and the customer's financial condition (Condition).
Trastornos del sueño y cáncer
Authors: Uclés Villalobos, Vanessa , Hernández Ugarte María Fernanda
Published: October 2021

Los pacientes con cáncer, son afectados hasta dos veces más que la población en general, por trastornos del sueño, incluido el insomnio. Estas alteraciones pueden deberse a múltiples etiologías, existenfactores predisponentes, precipitantes y perpetuadores,como lo son: rasgos psicológicos del paciente, efectos físicos y biológicos del cáncer o como consecuencia de los tratamientos otorgados. Existen métodos subjetivos y objetivos para el diagnóstico de los trastornos del sueño, entre los cuales se encuentran la polisomnografía, la actigrafía, cuestionarios o escalas, que se aplican al paciente. El tratamiento incluye intervenciones conductuales y psicosociales, actividad física y el tratamiento farmacológico.
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Penggunaan APD SCBA pada Petugas Damkar DKI Jakarta Tahun 2021
Authors: Edy Prasetiyo
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The high incidence of fires in the DKI Jakarta area certainly increases the risk for DKI Jakarta Firefighters, so Personal Protective Equipment is mandatory for officers when carrying out firefighting operations to prevent and control potential hazards for firefighters. It was recorded that 76 officers were injured and 1 officer died while carrying out firefighting operations in the last 5 (five) years. So it is necessary to know the factors that influence the behavior of using the SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus) respiratory Personal Protective Equipment.
Methods: This quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach was carried out at the DKI Jakarta Provincial Fire and Rescue Service in 2021 with a population of all DKI Jakarta firefighters and a total sample of 208 firefighters. The instrument used is a questionnaire.
Results: The results of data analysis carried out univariate and bivariate using the chi square test with = 0.05 showed a significant relationship between the behavior of using PPE SCBA with the availability of PPE (Pvalue = 0.000), Regulations (SOP) related to the use of PPE (Pvalue = 0.000) and Supervision (Pvalue = 0.000). However, there is no significant relationship between the behavior of using PPE SCBA with knowledge of PPE (Pvalue = 0.180), Age (Pvalue = 0.111), years of service (Pvalue = 0.065), training (Pvalue = 0.087) and PPE comfort (Pvalue = 0.513).
Discussion: The behavior of using SCBA PPE for DKI Jakarta firefighters in 2021 is still relatively low because only 54.5% of respondents from firefighters stated that they used SCBA PPE in every fire fighting operation. So it is necessary to increase knowledge related to PPE and skills in using PPE for operational officers through education and training activities, training and technical guidance.
Teaching-Learning Process of Architecture Workshops in Virtual Environments Based on Research-Action Methodology
Authors: Morales Nataly Revelo , Rodríguez Álvaro Guzmán , Rueda Julio Oleas , Zambrano Vinicio Velásquez , Mafla Felipe Castillo , Mesa Ramiro Rosón
Published: October 2021

In the School of Architecture at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, we are continuously reflecting on the teaching-learning process in order to offer the best education. The COVID-19 pandemic brings different changes in social, health, work and educative practices, which people have had to adapt to. These new conditions have shifted the perception of life and society, so it has demanded a new perspective to solve problems and meet the challenges that have arisen. It has happened with education, in which all stakeholders have been working to face and manage the educational practice in a virtual modality. Based on teaching experience, the present research is focused on the teaching-learning process in Architecture, considering design workshops during the first years of the major. The purpose of this paper, which uses an action research methodology, is to explore those changes that come about from this process in virtual environments. In this way, understanding architecture’s teaching and practice through virtual environments can generate an important impact that can transform the perspective on education in this field in the present and in the future.
Smart-Road: Road Damage Estimation Using a Mobile Device
Authors: E. Álvarez-Cisneros Izyalith , E. Carvajal-Gámez Blanca , Araujo-Díaz David , A. Castillo-Martínez Miguel , Méndez-Segundo L.
Published: October 2021

Mexico is located on five tectonic plates, which when moving, generate telluric movements. These movements, depending on their intensity, affect the telecommunications infrastructure. Earthquakes tend to cause landslides, subsidence, damage to structures in houses, buildings, and roads. In the case of road damage, it is reflected in cracks in the pavement, which are classified according to their size, shape, and depth. The methods that are currently implemented to inspect roads mainly use human perception and are limited to a superficial inspection of the terrain, causing this process ineffective for the timely detection of damage. This work presents a method of road analysis using a drone to acquire images. For the processing and recognition of damages, a mobile device is used, allowing to determine the damage type on the road. Artificial intelligence techniques are implemented to classify them into linear cracks or zig-zag cracks.
Developing climate-responsive cities: exploring the environmental role of interstitial spaces of Santiago de Chile
Authors: Silva Cristian
Published: October 2021

Drawing upon a range of writing on suburbanisation and urban sprawl, this paper outlines an approach to the analysis of interstitial spaces of urban sprawl. Such spaces are the outlying geography of metropolitan regions existing in-between developed or urbanised areas. As such, they constitute an eclectic mix of open spaces, natural areas, obsolete infrastructures, geographical restrictions, farming land, etc, that alternatively contribute to the city�s environmental and functional performance. Despite being identified in the literature, there has been little recognition of interstitial spaces as part of the environmental sustainability of urban systems, and how they support cities in improving their resilience and adaptation capacities. Using the case of Santiago de Chile, this paper highlights an environmental approach to studying the interstices and the need to examine such spaces at different scales linked to their respective environmental potentials.
Perceptions of blue-green and grey infrastructure as climate change adaptation strategies for urban water resilience
Authors: O'Donnell Emily C. , Gosling Simon N. , Netusil Noelwah R. , Ka Shun Chan Faith , Dolman Nanco J.
Published: October 2021

Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI, including swales, green roofs, and wetlands) plays an important role in reducing vulnerability to climate change risks such as flooding, heat stress, and water shortages, while enhancing urban environments and quality of life for citizens. Understanding the perceptions that professional stakeholders have of BGI is fundamental in addressing barriers to implementation. A novel application of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) is developed to investigate and compare implicit (unconscious) perceptions of blue-green and grey infrastructure with explicit (conscious) attitudes. This is the first time an IAT about BGI has focused on professional stakeholders. Blue-green and grey infrastructure are perceived positively by the sample population. Overall, respondents implicitly and explicitly prefer BGI to grey infrastructure, and regard it as safer, tidier, more attractive, useful, valuable, and necessary. The individual positive explicit perceptions of grey infrastructure, nonetheless, suggest that integrated blue-green and grey systems may be preferable for professional stakeholders to incorporate into water management and climate change adaptation strategies.
Grief among relatives of disappeared persons in the context of state violence: an impossible process?
Authors: Bourguignon Manon , Dermitzel Alice , Katz Muriel
Published: October 2021

Introduction: During the dictatorships in Latin America, States allied by the Condor Operation used enforced disappearance as a political weapon to spread terror within society. Enforced disappearance is a crime against humanity. According to the OHCHR International Convention, the relatives of disappeared persons are recognized as direct victims. The impact of this crime on families remains a topical issue.

Methods: We conducted a narrative literature review focusing firstly on the impact of enforced disappearance on the relatives and secondly on the specificity of the grieving process for relatives of disappeared persons.

Results and discussion: The literature concerning enforced disappearance allows us to make an inventory of interconnected features explaining the phenomenon of enforced disappearance in the context of state violence. We also emphasize the extensive terminology used to qualify grief among relatives of disappeared persons and the specificity of time in this context. We highlight factors that could jeopardize the grieving process.

Conclusions: The literature clearly shows the political, social and legal issues of enforced disappearance. Relatives of a disappeared person are endlessly confronted with uncertainty, exacerbated by impunity. In this case, time does not seem to support the grieving process. On the contrary, time can reactivate the injury of loss because the disappeared is condemned to an eternally provisional status. Enforced disappearance is an endless torture for some families: its impact on the grieving process deserves further research.
Protecting LGBT+ persons in Africa from torture: Challenges, opportunities, and comparative experiences
Authors: Politi Renata , Esdaile Chris
Published: October 2021

This news piece is about REDRESS' webinar held on 1 July 2021 on the protection of LGBT+ persons in Africa from torture and ill-treatment. The speakers on that occasion included (i) Victor Madrigal, the UN Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity; (ii) Sibongile Ndashe, founder and Executive Director of the Initiative for Strategic Litigation in Africa (ISLA), based in South Africa; Ayo Sogunro, Manager of the Sexual Orientation, Gender identity and Sex Characteristics Unit at the Centre for Human Rights of the University of Pretoria, in South Africa; and (iv) Gabriela Oporto, from the Peruvian organisation PROMSEX.

This news piece was written by Chris Esdaile and Renata Politi, from REDRESS.
Supervisory Technology As a New Tool for Banking Sector Supervision
Authors:   SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Dziawgo Tomasz
Published: October 2021

After last global financial crisis from a decade ago, financial market have been experiencing significant increase in number of regulations. This was especially visible in the banking sector, in which number of post-crisis new regulations amounted to thousands per year. It was not only challenging for banks, that have been spending increasingly more financial resources on compliance, but also for supervisory entities that have to keep track of compliance for every entity on financial market. Due to the fact that supervisory process relies mostly on manual process, it can be both time consuming and inefficient. This is why, not only banks have been exploring new technologies in compliance with regulations (Reg Tech), but also supervisory authorities have been doing the same with the aim of increasing their efficiency (Sup Tech). The research paper aims to test hypothesis, which is as follows: – Sup Tech is becoming an innovative tool for banking supervision and is expected to have increasingly larger role in banking supervision For the purpose of the paper, the following methods have been applied: critical analysis of literature and research papers as well as descriptive method and comparative analysis of presented data.
A pilot study assessing the various dermatoses associated with the use of a face mask during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nishi Nagaria , Sonappa Uday Kumar , Rajashekar Talari Srinivas
Published: October 2021

Background: An occupational disease is any disease developing primarily as a result of exposure to risk factors arising from work activity and contributing to a significant portion of work-related diseases. Although COVID-19 is not dermatotropic, prolonged contact with personal protective equipment—that is, goggles, face shields, N95 respirators, double-layered gloves, etc.—may cause various dermatoses. Several dermatoses due to PPE have been well documented, but facial dermatoses specifically due to the use of face masks remain a relatively uncharted entity. In this study, we report preliminary data on individuals experiencing various facial dermatoses due to the use of face masks. Objective: The aim was to study the various facial dermatoses associated with the use of a face mask. Materials and Methods: After obtaining informed consent, individuals using a face mask were enrolled in this single-institution, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study. Results: A total of 364 participants were enrolled for the study, among which 59.3% revealed to have worn a face mask for more than six months. A majority used ear-looped N95 masks. Nine problem areas were identified in the study. Among the facial dermatoses observed, acne was the most frequently reported, followed by redness. Conclusion: In spite of contact dermatitis arising due to masks, it is recommended to use well-fitted and comfortable masks for sufficient periods of time to reduce the risk of transmission, ensure safety, and reduce mask-related side effects.
Dural venous sinus thrombosis: A rare complication of pulse corticosteroid therapy in pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Gandhi Vijay , Agrawal Sonia , Yadav Sheetal
Published: October 2021

Systemic pulse corticosteroid therapy is used widely in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Dural venous sinus thrombosis as a complication of pulse therapy has not been reported in the literature. A middle-aged female with pemphigus vulgaris was started on monthly pulse dexamethasone therapy with daily azathioprine as an adjuvant. After two pulse therapies, she developed throbbing headache, which on further evaluation was determined to be due to dural venous thrombosis. Other causes of dural venous thrombosis were excluded. Pulse therapy was stopped and other medications were started. The headache subsided within two weeks of stopping pulse therapy. Corticosteroids may play the role of a procoagulant in producing cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Herein, we report a rare case of dural venous sinus thrombosis due to pulse steroid therapy in pemphigus vulgaris.
Performance of Kharif Maize (Zea mays L.) with Integrated Nutrient Application
Authors: Singh Gaurav Pratap , Kumar Munish , Kumar Pradeep , Singh Balwant , Prasad Pandey Hanuman , Pandey S. B.
Published: October 2021

An experiment was conducted on “Performance of Kharif maize (Zea mays L.) with integrated nutrient application” during Kharif 2017, on Soil Conservation and Water Management Farm, CSA University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur on hybrid Maize with three level of inorganic fertilizers (kg/ha) i.e.100% R.D.F. (100 N + 60 P + 40 K+ 20 Z), 75% RDF (75+45+30+15), &  50% RDF (50+30+20+10) along with three Levels of organic manure viz; 15, 20 & 25  ton FYM/ha. On the basis of overall results it can be concluded that the fertility level 75% RDF + 25 t FYM/ha (F2+O3) was found superior over all other treatment combinations of fertility management maximum yield of grain (26.47 q/ha), stover (89.01 q/ha) and water use efficiency is 9.76 kg ha-1 mm-1. The treatment combination F2+O3 (75% RDF + 25 t FYM/ha) is very suitable among over all treatments.
ANALISANDO EFEITOS DA POLÍTICA AUTO-DECLARATÓRIA DO CADASTRO AMBIENTAL RURAL: SOBREPOSIÇÕES E GRILAGEM EM TERRAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Sehn Korting Matheus
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar efeitos da política pública do Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) através das noções de efeito-instrumento de James Ferguson e de legibilidade e simplificação do território de James Scott, buscando na antropologia das políticas públicas um aporte capaz de compreender o que efetivamente ocorre nos territórios quando determinada tecnologia de poder é acionada. Será feito uma historicização das legislações ambientais e fundiárias brasileiras visualizando que mesmo sob diversos dispositivos ainda possuímos grande insegurança jurídica que os novos dispositivos devem tentar suprir. Assim, será apresentado o CAR, seu regramento do Novo Código Florestal Brasileiro, algumas características da política de mapeamento e cadastro dos “posseiros/proprietários rurais” e a implantação da política pública de regularização ambiental. Para analisar esses dados, será utilizada literatura sobre efeitos de política pública e da antropologia das políticas públicas, tentando demonstrar que a política autodeclaratória do CAR produz efeitos através das sobreposições de cadastros em terras públicas, favorecendo grilagem de terras. Por fim, o método utilizado contará com análise qualiquantitaiva de dados dos resultados da política como o Boletim Informativo do CAR, realização de um mapa através dos shapefiles apresentados no sistema do CAR e dados secundários obtidos de atores que participam ativamente das questões ambientais e fundiárias brasileiras.
Using cognitive instructions to elicit narrative differences between children's true and false testimonies
Authors: Tong Donia , Wyman Joshua , Talwar Victoria
Published: October 2021

There is a need to tell if children are providing truthful testimonies in legal cases. This study examined differences between children's true and false statements obtained using either an interview that included cognitive instructions or one that did not. Children witnessed a theft that they were asked to deny and were interviewed with or without cognitive instructions. Truth‐tellers were more forthcoming when they were interviewed using cognitive instructions. Honest statements contained more information about the theft than dishonest statements, but only amongst children interviewed using cognitive instructions. All cognitive instructions were effective at eliciting more details from truth‐tellers than liars. Overall, cognitive instructions encourage children to be forthcoming and provide informative testimonies, as well as facilitate lie detection. Findings can inform interviewing practices that incorporate cognitive instructions for forensic and legal professionals to use with child witnesses.
Influence of Hyaluronan Density on the Behavior of Breast Cancer Cells with Different CD44 Expression
Authors: Carvalho Ana M. , Soares da Costa Diana , Reis Rui L. , Pashkuleva Iva
Published: October 2021

Molecular gradients are common in biosystems and play an essential role in physiological and pathological processes. During carcinogenesis, for example, hyaluronan (HA) homeostasis is dysregulated by cancer cells and the altered synthesis and degradation processes result in the formation of HA gradients within the tumor microenvironment. Herein, a platform is developed to study the biological role of HA gradient in breast cancer cells. Cells with different aggressiveness and expression of CD44—the main HA receptor usually overexpressed in breast cancers, are selected for this study. The developed platform is compatible with several imaging modalities and allows assessment of cell density, morphology, CD44 expression, and cell motility in a function of HA density. Using high‐throughput analysis, it is shown that cells that do not express CD44 do not change along the gradient, while CD44 positive cells respond differently to the HA gradient depending on the level of CD44 expression and HA density. This different response is associated with the activation of different signaling pathways by the CD44–HA interactions.
Spiderweb Nanomechanical Resonators via Bayesian Optimization: Inspired by Nature and Guided by Machine Learning
Authors: Shin Dongil , Cupertino Andrea , de Jong Matthijs H. J. , Steeneken Peter G. , Bessa Miguel A. , Norte Richard A.
Published: October 2021

From ultrasensitive detectors of fundamental forces to quantum networks and sensors, mechanical resonators are enabling next‐generation technologies to operate in room‐temperature environments. Currently, silicon nitride nanoresonators stand as a leading microchip platform in these advances by allowing for mechanical resonators whose motion is remarkably isolated from ambient thermal noise. However, to date, human intuition has remained the driving force behind design processes. Here, inspired by nature and guided by machine learning, a spiderweb nanomechanical resonator is developed that exhibits vibration modes, which are isolated from ambient thermal environments via a novel “torsional soft‐clamping” mechanism discovered by the data‐driven optimization algorithm. This bioinspired resonator is then fabricated, experimentally confirming a new paradigm in mechanics with quality factors above 1 billion in room‐temperature environments. In contrast to other state‐of‐the‐art resonators, this milestone is achieved with a compact design that does not require sub‐micrometer lithographic features or complex phononic bandgaps, making it significantly easier and cheaper to manufacture at large scales. These results demonstrate the ability of machine learning to work in tandem with human intuition to augment creative possibilities and uncover new strategies in computing and nanotechnology.
Purification and anticancer activity of glutaminase and urease‐free l‐asparaginase from novel endophyte Chaetomium sp
Authors: Arumugam Nagarajan , Shanmugam Manoj Kumar , Thangavelu Perarasu
Published: October 2021

l‐Asparaginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia. The present work elaborates the isolation and identification of a novel endophytic fungal isolate producing l‐glutaminase and urease‐free l‐asparaginase. Cell growth and enzyme production were investigated for large production. The isolated endophytic fungi were identified at molecular levels and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The enzyme synthesis was evaluated by cultivating the isolated microorganisms in potato dextrose agar medium. Out of 27 isolated endophytes, nine were producing “l‐glutaminase and urease‐free l‐asparaginase.” l‐Asparaginase from Chaetomium sp. exhibited superior enzyme activity than from the other isolates. Observed optimal conditions for l‐asparaginase activity were 25 min of incubation time, 0.5 mg of enzyme source, 40°C of temperature, and pH 7.0. l‐Asparaginase from Chaetomium sp. exhibited anticancer activity on human blood cancer (MOLT‐4) cells. The current study has demonstrated the production of contaminant‐free l‐asparaginase enzyme from endophytic fungal species. The results showed that: (a) maximum enzyme activity was observed for l‐asparaginase from Chaetomium sp., (b) concentration of glucose in the medium as a carbon source suppressed the enzyme production. Chaetomium sp. is a novel source for “l‐glutaminase and urease‐free l‐asparaginase,” which may play a major role in pharmacotherapy.
Collective disadvantage in the context of socioeconomic crisis in Greece: The role of system‐directed anger, politicians‐directed anger and hope in normative and non‐normative collective action participation
Authors: Petkanopoulou Katerina , Chryssochoou Xenia , Zacharia Marianna , Pavlopoulos Vassilis
Published: October 2021

Group‐based anger might take different forms depending on the target that is directed at. In this research, conducted in Greece (N = 470), we distinguished between two types of group‐based anger in the context of socioeconomic crisis: Anger directed towards the international system and anger directed towards the local politicians. We showed that politicians‐directed anger is better predicted by the mere perception of collective disadvantage, whereas system‐directed anger by the perceived illegitimacy of disadvantage. We then examined the mediating role of politicians‐directed and system‐directed anger in the relationship between perceived (illegitimate) disadvantage and collective action and the moderating role of hope in these processes. Results revealed that perceived illegitimacy of disadvantage was positively associated to normative and non‐normative collective action through system‐directed anger. Collective disadvantage was negatively linked to normative collective action via politicians‐directed anger but only among participants with low levels of hope. Moreover, collective disadvantage was directly and positively related to both types of collective action but only when hope was high. We discuss the differential implications of the two types of group‐based anger and the role of hope in political participation. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.