bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential of Gracilaria tenuistipitata var. liui grown in Nuniachara, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Aziz A , Hassan A , Roy SK , Haque MZ , Saha BK , Ahmed S , Rahman M , Mohanta LC , Mashuk OF
Published: June 2022

During selection of Gracilaria tenuistipitata var. liui (red seaweed) growing naturally at Nuniachara sand-flat south-east of Moheshkhali channel, Cox’s Bazar local fishermen informed that Rakhaine and Chakma tribes of Cox’s Bazar and Bandarbon consume the seaweed. To ascertain the quality of the organism as “Seafood” analysis of its nutritional status was carried out using three replicates in many cases. Percentage composition of total crude protein, crude fiber, crude lipid, carbohydrates, ash and moisture were 25.55 ± 0.18, 5.65 ± 0.13, 0.16 ± 0.03, 45.93 ± 1.53, 10.61 ± 0.69 and 12.10 ± 0.25%, respectively. Mineral contents such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper were 596.90 ± 10.4, 132.75 ± 3.4, 3.90 ± 1.2, 80.13 ± 2.45 and3.99 ± 1.2mg/100gdry wt., respectively. Heavy metals such as Pb, As, Cr and Cd were 0.031, 0.01, 0.06 and 0.02 mg/kg dry wt. respectively, which are below tolerance level. The seaweed contained 9.03% nine essential amino acids and 7.52% five non-essential amino acids. The quantity of total energy, β-carotene and vitamin C were 294.56 Kcal/100g, 11.54 ± 1.20 and 2.5 mg/100g, respectively. Presence of high crude protein, amino acid profiles, β-carotene, phosphorus and low crude lipid and heavy metals made Gracilaria tenuistipitata var. liui to be considered as a good human food supplement.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(1), 39-46, 2021
Nematicidal potential of oilcake agains plant nematodes associated with Coriandrum sativum L. in Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Khan A , Shaukat SS , Khanzada KA , Waheed S , Akhtar J
Published: June 2022

Ten geneta of plant nematode associated with coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were isolated and identified in ten different localities of Balochistan, Pakistan. The most common was Meloidogyne javanica followed by Basiria spp. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis using Ward’s method were performed. The results of the two methods supported each other. Castor and mustard oilcakes and carbofuran, a chemical nematicide were used in treatments against Hoplolaimus Columbus and M. javanica larvae. Mustard oilcake was found to be more effective on H. Columbus while castor oilcake showed effective control on M. javanica.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(1), 61-68, 2021
Outcome of Endoscopic Fulguration of Posterior Urethral Valves (Puv) in Children
Authors: Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Khan Mohammad Ohiduzzaman , Rahman Mohammad Mukhlesur , Alam Muhammad Mahmud , Gupta Sudip Das , Alam SM Mahbub
Published: June 2022

Background: Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV) are one of the most common urological problems having wide clinical implications and the prognosis depends upon the extent of the renal injury inflicted by the time of initiation of intervention and hence earlier the treatment, better the long-term outcome
Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of endoscopic fulguration of posterior urethral valves (PUV) in children. Method: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 50 male children with posterior urethral valves (PUV) from January 2011 to December 2012 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, who were treated with endoscopic fulguration and came for routine follow-up.
Results: In this series, median age of patients was 2 years ranging from 1 to 12 years. Approximately half of the patients (46.0%) were 2 years. Sixty four percent presented with poor urinary stream, 38.0% presented with straining during micturition. The most common physical finding was palpable bladder 60.0%, UTI was present in 52.0% cases. Proteinuria was found in 46.0% cases, raised serum creatinine was found in 36.0% cases. Electrolyte imbalance was found in 12.0% of cases. Ultrasonogram of KUB showed severe hydronephrosis in 14.0% cases. Voiding cystourethrogram diagnosed PUV in 92.0% of cases. The follow-up period was 24 months. At the end of final follow-up 3 patients remained incontinent. Urinary tract infections were absent in 52.0% cases. Hydronephrosis disappeared in 30.0% cases. Chronic renal failure developed in 6.0% of cases. End stage renal disease was found zero during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: Follow-up period of longer duration needed to determine the ultimate outcome of these patients because some of the patients develop ESRD in the long run and ultimately renal transplant is the treatment. Treatment should be performed in higher centers where all the facilities are available.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January 2019 p.8-14
Modified Ileal Neobladder: Experience of 37 Cases
Authors: Haque Mir Ehteshamul , Kaisar Ibrahim , Mondal Nelson Taposh , Siddique Md Fazlul Haq , Rahman Mohammad Afzalur
Published: June 2022

Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy of genitourinary tract. About 20% cases are muscle invasive and most of the non-muscle invasive bladder cancer progressed to muscle invasion with time. The standard care for organ confined muscle invasive bladder cancer is radical cystectomy followed by urinary diversion. Orthotopic bladder substitution is considered standard urinary diversion after radical cystectomy in patients who have no urethral malignancy and intact external urethral sphincter. Neobladder constructed from ileum as described by Studer is considered standard and followed by most centers worldwide since 1985. We modified the procedure to improve the outcome and minimize post-operative complications by reducing the length of ileum used for construction of neobladder in 37 patients. Voiding, storage function and complications were evaluated during follow-up period up to 24 months after surgery. Three patients died during follow-up period of which 2 from metastatic disease and one from unrelated cause. Daytime and night-time continence rates were 86.49% and 78.38% respectively. Average functional capacity (437ml), maximum flow rate(15.7ml/s) and mean post void residual urine (44ml) during the period of evaluation. Clean intermittent self-catheterization needed in 67.57% patients due to incomplete emptying during early postoperative period but after 3 months most of the patients learnt to void without any aid. Upper tract dilatation found in one patient due to stricture at urethrovesical junction and required endoscopic incision and dilatation later. 12 patients had an urodynamic study at 12 months after surgery and found low pressure reservoir with small residual urine in all cases. Modified ileal neobladder is a safe and reliable procedure with satisfactory short-term result.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January 2019 p.20-24
Comparative Study Between Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty and Transverse Prepuceal Only Island Flap Urethroplasty for the Management of Distal Penile Hypospadias
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmood , Belal Md Towhid , Chowdhury Tanvir Ahmed , Nahid Fahmida , Hossain AKM Shahadat
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The optimal treatment of hypospadias remains controversial. Severaltechniques have been described, but the best approach remains unsettled.
Objective:To compare the outcomes of two popular methods, Tubularized incised plateurethroplasty (TIPU) and Transverse preputialonlay island flap (TPOIF) for the correctionof distal penile hypospadias.
Materials and method: This prospective interventional study was conducted in theDepartment of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, during the period of September2015 to March 2017. 40 patients with distal hypospadias with minimum or no chordeeand no previous history of circumcision or hypospadias surgery were allocated into twogroups by simple random sampling with equal number of distribution. In Group-A, patientswere subjected to correct the defect by TIPU procedure while in Group-B, they wereoperated by TPOIF urethroplasty technique. In this study, the outcomes of theaforementioned procedures were compared in terms of operative time, surgicalcomplications and cosmetic outcome.
Result: Mean age and meatal position of the patients in Group-A and Group-B werecomparable. The mean operation time of Group-B (100.78 ±16.66 min) was higher thanGroup-A (89.98 ±19.80 min). Complications in terms of UCF and meatal stenosis werehigher in Group-A than in Group-B, 26.31% vs. 16.67% and 36.84% vs. 5.56%respectively, but were lower for wound disruption, 0% vs. 11.11%. Although differencebetween the groups was not statistically significant in case of UCF and wound disruption(p value >0.05), it was significant in meatal stenosis (p value <0.05). Cosmetic outcomeof most of the cases in Group-A was good (61.11%), whereas it was poor in Group-B(78.77%).
Conclusion: It seems that both techniques can be used for the correction of distalpenile hypospadias with apparently similar outcomes. However well controlled randomizedstudy with adequate sample size may reveal more divergent outcomes for the twotechniques.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January 2019 p.47-54
Rational Use of Antibiotics and Antibiotics Prophylaxis in Urological Practice
Authors: Salam MA
Published: June 2022

Abstract Not Available
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January 2019 p.85-94
Infected Urachal Cyst in a Young Female: A Case Report
Authors: Rahman Shafiqur , Aziz Mohammad Abdul , Hasan Mirza Mahbubul
Published: June 2022

The urachus is a tubular structure that is patent during gestation. The lumen normallycloses at about the twelfth week of gestation and obliterates completely. Patenturachal anomalies are usually detected in childhood2,3. In adults they occur veryrarely and the presentation and diagnosis may be occasionally challenging. Wepresent and discuss the case of an infected urachal cyst found in a 25 year oldfemale.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January 2019 p.100-102
Morbidity Pattern among Under Five Children in a Selected Upazilla Health Complex
Authors: Begum Masuma , Elham Nazia , Riya Sayeda , Shoeb Nusrat , Rahman Fatema , Nasreen Ayesha
Published: June 2022

A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to find out the morbidity pattern of under five children from February to March 2018. Sick child up to 5 years of age attending Sonarganon Upazila Health Complex, Narayangonj were included in this study. Total 250 respondents were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were collected through structured questionnaire by face to face interview and anthropometric measurement by cheklist. Out of 250 respondents, maximum mother 96(38.4%) were in the age group 20-24 year, only 10 (4%) were above 40 years of age. Most of the respondents (94%) were Muslims, one third of them (34%) had non formal education and nearly one third (32%) had completed primary education. About three forth of the respondents (73.6%) were house wives and 40% live in kacha houses. Monthly family incomes 12000TK of the (36.8%) respondent and more than (67%) two third had sanitary latrine. Majority of the children (59.6%) were within the age group of 12 months or less and mean age + SD was 15 + 12.8 months and majority were female child (51.2%). Mean weight + SD and mean height + SD of the children were 7.84 + 2.76 kg and 67.77 cm + 13.5 cm respectively. Among the morbidity it was found that 26.4% were ARI followed by diarrhoea 18.8%, fever 18% pneumonia 13.6%, skin diseases 6.8%, helminthiasis 6.4%, anemia 4.8%, mumps 3.6% and malnutrition 1.6%. Majority of the children (60%) completed immunization. Diarrhoea was found more common among illiterate and non-formal educated mothers (55.58%). Acute respiratory infection (ARI) was more prevalent in children who lived in kacha house. Pneumonia was more common among the children of business women (33.3%). This study reveals the existing morbidity pattern of under 5 children and would be helpful for development of health services of under 5 children.

Bangladesh Med J. 2021 January; 50(1) : 33-38
History of Pediatric Anesthesia in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Shahidul
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 3-4
Oral Atenolol Therapy in the Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kabir Kh Ahsanul , Ferdous KMN , Hossain F , Islam MK
Published: June 2022

Background: Infantile haemangiomas (IH) are the most common tumors ofinfancy with an incidence of >2% of infants in general, and of 10% of Caucasian children, in particular.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of atenolol in the treatment of proliferating IHs.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 120 patients’ up to 30 months of age, clinically diagnosed with IH’s in surgical outpatient department (SOPD) of the Dhaka Shishu Hospital from July 2013 to March 2018. Atenolol was started initially 0.5mg/kg. Then doses were titrated according to clinical response (0.5- 3mg/kg/day OD). Parents were instructed to interrupt the administration of the drug if the child had a serious cough with dysponea or gastroenteritis with vomiting or diarrhoea. Patients’ were advised to come for follow up visit and in each follow up blood pressure, percentage of regression (of size), color change, complications were recorded. The change in the appearance of IH was evaluated on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Regression in the size and color clearance of IHs were evaluated according to 0%-to-100% scale.

Results: Majority of the babies were from 1-10 months age group. Most of the infants were term babies and majority of the infants were girls. Majority of the IHs were located in head and neck regions. Majority of the mothers had multiple gestation pregnancy and few had family history of IH. Excellent, good and fair colour regression was found in 74.17%, 22.50% and 3.33% participants respectively. Excellent, good and fair size regression was found in 57.50%, 38.33% and 4.17% participants respectively. Adverse effects of drug like loose motion (7.50%) and sleep disturbance (3.33%) were found among the participants.

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 26-29
Importance of Bleeding Disorder in the Management of Dental Patients
Authors: Mohammad Ali - , Selimuzzaman M , Marzan Sumaya
Published: June 2022

Dental practitioners must be aware of the importance of bleeding disorders in the management of dental patients. Initial recognition of such bleeding disorders, knowledge of their possible systemic causes and clear idea in the management of the cases for dental treatment or when to refer those cases to secondary care, plays a crucial and important role in reducing potential complications and negative side effects. The purpose of this article is to review common bleeding disorders, complications and their management that dentists might find in their daily dental practice.

DS (Child) H J 2018; 34(1) : 41-47
Etiology and Clinical Profile of Chronic Cough in Children
Authors: Hossain Md Mosharaf , Rahman Md Shakibur , Sarkar Probir Kumar , Md Kamrunzzaman - , Alam Md Jahangir
Published: June 2022

Background: Cough in children is one of the most common presenting symptoms to pediatricians. Acute cough lasts less than 3 weeks, subacute 3-8 weeks and chronic cough more than 8 weeks.

Objectives: To find out the etiology and clinical profile of chronic cough in pediatric age group.

Methods: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Respiratory Medicine at Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2017 to August 2018 for a period of one year. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the patients. Patients with the age 6 month to 12 years who were suffering from chronic cough for more than 8 weeks were included as study population.

Results: Family history of asthma was found in 36(72.0%) cases. Common clinical factors like allergic rhinitis, eczema, allergic conjunctivitis, trigger agent were found in 28(56.0%), 9(18.0%), 2(4.0%) and 50(100.0%) cases respectively.

Conclusion: Family history of asthma was found in majority cases of chronic cough. Allergic rhinitis, eczema, allergic conjunctivitis and trigger agent were common clinical factors associated with chronic cough patients.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 33-36
DSH News Vol.35(1)
Authors: Editor The
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(1) : 83
Analysis of boundary layer nanofluid flow over a stretching permeable wedge-shaped surface with magnetic effect
Authors: Ali M. , Nasrin R. , Alim M. A.
Published: June 2022

The problem of steady two-dimensional boundary layer flow of momentum, heat and mass transfer over a stretching  permeable  wedge-shaped  surface  in  a  nanofluid  in  presence  of magnetic field has been studied. In this respect, the governing partial differential equations have been converted into ordinary differential equations by using the local similarity transformation. The transformed governing equations have been then solved numerically using the bvp4c in MATLAB software. The effects of the pertinent parameters, namely wedge angle parameter (β), Brownian motion (Nb), thermophoresis (Nt), magnetic parameter (M), moving wedge parameter (λ), permeability parameter (K*), Prandtl number (Pr), and Lewis number (Le) on fluid velocity, thermal and concentration within the boundary layer have been analyzed. The numerical results obtained of the skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number, as well as the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles have been presented graphically and also in tabular form. The results indicate that the momentum boundary layer thickness increases with  increasing  values  of  wedge  angle  and  moving  wedge  but  reduces  for  magnetic and permeability effects. The heat transfer rate increases for wedge angle, moving wedge, Brownian motion but decreases for thermoporesis and magnetic effects. The mass transfer rate decreases for Brownian motion and thermoporesis effects but increases for wedge angle and moving wedge parameters.  Finally,  the  numerical  results  have  been  compared  with  previously  published research and found to be in good agreement.
Development of an experimental test for evaluating ramp shapes on overtopping breakwater for energy conversion
Authors: Musa M. A. , Ahmad M. F. , Roslan M. F. , Zulkifli F. , Fitriadhy A. , Nazri M. N. , Salleh M. H. , Rahman M. A. A. , Mohd M. H.
Published: June 2022

The utilization of the existing breakwater constructions into wave energy conversion has been often adopted to rendering a revenue of the capital cost of investment. The paper has contributed to viable concept of a new integration design through more effectively capturing wave-overtopping which finally converts into electrical energy. This design is hereafter called Overtopping Breakwater for Energy Conversion (OBREC). The development of an experimental test of the current OBREC has been conducted to obtain a proper ramp shape through evaluating the amounts of the wave-overtopping discharges into the reservoir incorporated with wave-reflection coefficients. To achieve the objective, several geometry ramps such as linear, convex, concave and cubic shapes have been experimentally investigated at the National Research Institute Malaysia (NAHRIM) laboratory. The experimental study showed that the cubic-ramp shape has resulted in more significant amount of the wave-overtopping discharge into the reservoir associated with the low wave-reflection coefficient than the other ramp shapes. In general, it is merely concluded that this investigation provides very promising concept of the new proposed OBREC design to harness the larger wave energy.
Material behaviour in micropolar fluid of Brownian motion over a stretchable disk with application of thermophoretic forces and diffusion-thermo
Authors: Hazarika S. , Ahmed S.
Published: June 2022

To study the material behavior of axisymmetric flow in micropolar fluid for heat and mass exchange over a stretchable disk placed in porous medium taking into account the effect of heat generation, diffusion thermo, Brownian motion and thermophoretic effect. A suitable similarity transformations is adapted to convert the governing PDEs to non-dimensional form. A well-tested, numerically stable MATLAB code in connection with Bvp4c is employed for the conservation of equations. The noticeable features of the relevant parameters on micropolar fluid flow for axial velocity, radial velocity, micro-rotation, temperature and species concentrations profiles are accentuated on the plots using MATLAB. It is found that angular velocity is enhanced for augmented values of micropolar parameter. Moreover, due the effect of thermophoretic force, the thickness of thermal and concentration boundary layer are enhanced. In addition, thermal diffusion becomes more due to the increase in the vortex viscosity of the fluid, and an amplified thermal and molar concentration boundary layer thicknesses can be found.  This study incorporates numerous engineering applications on rotating machineries, spin-coating, centrifugal pumps, computer storage devices, chemical engineering and different aerodynamic issues. Also, this analysis signifies great impact on biomechanics and stenosis related issue in medical sciences.
Hydrodynamic performances of a wall type breakwater - a physical and numerical approach
Authors: Viswanathan Kumaran , Manu  , Rao Subba
Published: June 2022

In this paper, hydrodynamic characteristics of caisson type breakwater are investigated through physical model approach and a numerical model based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) is validated. The investigations are carried out for varying wave characteristics and depth of water 0.50 m. In an experimental study, to understand the model and scale effects for the desired wave conditions is a critical task in all-time conditions. So, it is also necessary to develop an appropriate numerical model to understand the hydrodynamics of the selected test model. Using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and incompressible open channel fluid flow a 2D numerical wave flume is developed using ANSYS- Fluent platform. The wave boundary conditions are adopted by solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes equations (RANS equation) and especially with k—ε model to examine the effects of turbulence on the numerical results. The wave forces, wave runup, and wave reflection characteristics on the test model are measured for different wave characteristics, and results obtained from the numerical investigations are comparable with the experimental results to evident the relevance of the developed numerical model.
CFD investigation into resistance characteristics of a pusher-barge system in calm water
Authors: Fitriadhy Ahmad - , Adam Nur Amira , Pison Izzati , A. Rahman Mohd Asamudin , Musa Mohd Azlan , Mohd Mohd Hairil
Published: June 2022

Prediction of ship’s total resistance of a pusher-barge system has become enormous complexity involving nonlinear-hydrodynamic flows behaviour along their hull forms. Both of empirical and simplified numerical solutions may still lead into inaccurate results due to presence of nonlinear characteristics of the pressure and viscous resistances. The use of a more sophisticated method would obviously necessitate to solve the above problem. This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach to predict the total ship’s resistance of a pusher-barge system at various barge’s configurations. To achieve such objective, four different configurations of the barge models incorporated with various Froude numbers have been taken into account in the computational simulation. In general, the results revealed that the increase of Froude number (Fr = 0.182 to 0.312) was proportional to the magnitude of RT, RP and RV. Regardless of the various Froude number, the pusher-barge system with a 13BP configuration provides the highest resistance compared to the 12BP and 11BP. In addition, the arrangement of barges in the longitudinal (12BP) and lateral (21BP) configurations produced a significant effect with increases in RT, RP and RV values of 110%, 167.5% and 77.6%, respectively. The possible reason for this is that the increase of the total wetted surface area for 21BP has produced to a proportionally higher amount of the pressure and viscous resistance. Overall study, the numerical results were presented and analysed based on few aspects involved the total resistance and resistance coefficient in terms of pressure and viscous resistance of the pusher-barge system. This analysis provides very valuable information on choosing the most reliable arrangement of pusher-barge system. This analysis provides very valuable information on choosing the most reliable arrangement of pusher-barge system
Few Excited State Energies and Chemical Potential Energy of 87Rb Condensate by Many-Body Approach
Authors: Debnath P. K.
Published: June 2022

We consider experimental 87Rb condensate which is trapped by harmonic plus quartic trap [V(r) = ½mω2r2 + λr4]. Keeping similarity with experiments, the anharmonic parameter (λ) is considered as a controllable parameter. The excited state energies of stable Bose-Einstein condensate are strongly influenced by the presence of an anharmonic term, even when the interatomic interaction is repulsive. The necessary dependencies of excited state energies of the trapped condensate on λ are discussed in detail. In addition, the variation of chemical potential energy as a function of λ is also investigated to explore the role of interaction. The many-particle Schrödinger equation is solved by the potential harmonic expansion method, where all possible two-body correlations are considered by utilizing the correlated two-body basis function. Specifically, we present a clear physical explanation of excited state energies and chemical potential energy of the experimental repulsive condensate confined by the anharmonic trap.
On Some Values of the Sandor-Smarandache Function
Authors: Islam S. M. S. , Majumdar A. A. K.
Published: June 2022

The Sandor-Smarandache function, due to Sandor, has drawn the attention of the researchers soon after its introduction. The new Smarandache-type arithmetic function, denoted by SS (n), involves binomial coefficients. Sandor found SS(n) when n ( ³ 3) is an odd integer. It has been shown that the function has a simple form even when n is even and not divisible by 3. In earlier papers, some closed-form expressions of SS(n) have been derived for particular cases of n. Still, some unexplored results are needed to settle down the function. So, this study finds more forms of SS(n), starting from the function SS(24m). Particular attention has been focused on the functions SS(120m), SS(840m), SS(9240m) and SS(120120m).
Magnetograph Transformation in Variably Inclined Two Phase MFD Flows
Authors: Singh S. K. , Sil S. , Kumar M.
Published: June 2022

The steady plane variably inclined two phase MFD flow is considered. Magnetograph transformation is employed to obtain the solution of governing partial differential equations of second order and also to find the solution for the vortex flow. The non-linear partial differential equations have been converted into solvable form by employing Legendre’s transform function as well as the polar co-ordinates. Two different forms of Legendre transform function in terms of components of magnetic field are taken as two applications of the developed theory. The components of fluid velocity, components of magnetic field, vorticity function, current density function, the fluid pressure and the number density of dust particles are found out in both the cases. The variation of components of fluid velocity with one component of magnetic field, keeping the other component constant, is plotted for different angles. The magnetic field lines are also plotted which are found out to be concentric circles for both the cases.
Cost Optimization of Queueing System with Working Vacation, Setup, Feedback, Reneging, and Retention of Reneged Customers
Authors: Gupta R.
Published: June 2022

In this manuscript, Markovian queueing system with working vacation, Bernoulli schedule interruption, setup time under feedback, reneging of impatient customers, and retention of reneged customers are analyzed. The unsatisfied customers on service completion may either leave the system with probabilities  or may rejoin the queue with complementary probabilities during working vacations and regular service, respectively. The waiting customers in the queue may lose patience due to vacations and decide to leave without getting the service with probability q. They may be retained in the system via some convincing mechanisms with probability (1-q). The mean system length, probability of server in various states, mean sojourn time are obtained using the probability generating function method. The MATLAB software is used for representing the observed behavior graphically.
C -reactive protein in assessment of severity acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lslam Kazi Mazharul , Lslam Md Aminul , Bhuiyan Mashfique Ahmed , Muyaz Azizur Rahman , Masum Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammation of the pancreas and clinical evolution is frequently unpredictable. Numerous predictive markers have been studied to assess severity in AP, including clinical assessment, clinical-physiological scoring systems, imaging techniques, and biochemical markers in different body fluids.

Objective: This study was done to see the association between level of CRP and severity of acute pancreatitis. Methods: 50 patients diagnosed as acute pancreatitis based on operational definition admitted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital was included in the study. Patients' admission date back from 1ST August, 2016 to 31december, 2015. Conservative management started from the date of admission as per standard conservative management protocol. Patients were monitored by RANSON scoring system and categorized as mild if RANSON score is <3 and categorized as severe if the score is ≥3. At the same time serum CRP level was measured on day 2, 3 and 7. Then the correlation between the severity of the disease and measures of CRP was established by unpaired t test and x2 test.

Results: Over 6 months of study period 50 patients were treated for pancreatitis in different medical and surgical unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Etiological analysis revealed mostly caused by biliary disease (40%) followed by idiopathic, alcoholic, post ERCP and post traumatic. Based on RANSON score about 34 patient developed mild acute pancreatitis and 16 patient developed severe acute pancreatitis. Then CRP value of this two groups was compared on day 2, 3, 7 by unpaired t test with P value<.001 in all 3 days. ROC curve was plotted to determine specificity and sensitivity with a cut off value of CRP 132mg/l. Sensitivity and specificity was 75% and 55.8% accordingly. Conclusion: In a patient with acute pancreatitis the use of RANSON scoring system is not always possible as many of the investigation are not easily available in our set up. In our study we have found that serum CRP level is significantly (cut off value 132) higher in patient with sever acute pancreatitis. This will allow high proportion of patients with mild disease to be managed in low-cost hospital beds. Acute pancreatitis is an important cause of hospital admission with acute abdomen. It is responsible for significant morbidity and also mortality in patients

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (2): 80-84
Bioactivity evaluation of commercial root samples of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br.
Authors: Ferdouse Fatima , Mubassara Sanzida , Ahmed Fakhruddin Ali
Published: June 2022

Four commercial root samples (CS1, CS2, CS3 and CS4) of Hemidesmus indicus alongside an authentic sample (HI) were evaluated following antibacterial potential, cytototoxicity and DPPH free radical scavenging activity assay. The inhibition zones produced by commercial samples ranged between 9.5 to 13.5 mm against the tested bacteria in antibacterial sensitivity test. HI produced highest inhibition zone recorded as 20.63 mm against Staphylococcus aureus followed by 17.4 mm against Bacillus subtilis at 150 μg/ml concentration. HI also showed highest cytotoxicity with LC50 value of 1.726 mg/ml, 4.754 mg/ml and 13.247 mg/ml after 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours respectively in brine shrimp lethality assay. Sample CS1 and CS2 showed less cytotoxicity compared to CS3 and CS4. Depending on the concentration of extracts, the DPPH free radical scavenging activities of commercial samples were in close proximity with HI. The total phenolic content in HI was 54.52 mg/ml while in four commercial sample, it ranged between 52.28 to 75.37 mg/ml gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 mg extract.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(2): 61-69, 2019 (December)
Effects of citric acid and gamma radiation on the shelf life of Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Kamrunnahar - , Haque Md Enamul , Hossain Arzina , Islam Mahfuza , Munshi Md Kamruzzaman , Asaduzzaman Khandoker , Huque Roksana
Published: June 2022

The effects of citric acid (2%) and gamma radiation (1.0 and 1.5 kGy) on the quality and shelf life extension of Bata, Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822) stored at refrigerated temperature (4°C) for 28 days were examined. Quality assessment were made by sensory (organoleptic scores), chemical (TV) and microbiological (TBC and TCC) evaluations. Organoleptic evaluation showed that irradiated samples were more acceptable than control and citric acid treated samples which also remained acceptable upto 28 days. TV of fish muscles increased with the increase of storage periods in all the samples. The rate of increase was lower in citric acid treated samples and the lowest was observed in samples with 1.5 kGy irradiation. Irradiated samples showed the best results in microbiological assessment. Gamma radiation in combination with low temperature (4°C) could increase the shelf life, and this technique may be applied for other fish species preservation.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(2): 25-33, 2019 (December)
Pattern of haematological malignancies among patients attending at the haematology department in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Hasan Md Maruf Al , Sharmin Mahbuba , Kabir ASM Anwarul , Ferdous Jannatul , Khan MA , Hassan Md Kamrul , Farhad Mohammad Nurul , Nourin Tamanna
Published: June 2022

Background : Hematological malignancies (HM) was comprise approximately 6.5% of all cancer incidences worldwide in 2012. Although prevalence of these malignancies are much lower in Asia and Africa then in Western countries. The incidence of these malignancies is drastically increasing in low-income settings. WHO predicts that the number of bloodrelated cancer cases would be increased about 48% in less developed countries by 2030 as compared to 2012.

Objective : In our study we tried to determine the current pattern of haematological malignancies among patients attending at the haematology department in a tertiary hospital.

Methods : This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in outpatients and inpatients department of Haematology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from 13th August 2016 to 12th august 2017 for a duration of 12 months. Detail clinical history, examination findings and investigations of patients were recorded in a pre-designed case record form. All data were converted to tabulated forms to obtain statistical information by Using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 17 program.

Results : Out of 400 HM patients, most of them were male (66.75%) and remaining (33.25%) were female and male female ratio was 2.01:1. From rural were (71.25%) and remaining (28.75%) were urban population. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) patients were 87 (21.75%), mean age 25.4 years; Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients were 81 (20.25%), mean age 36.5 years; Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients were 71 (17.75%), mean age 35.5 years; Non Hodgekin lymphoma (NHL) patients were 56 (14%), mean age 42.9 years; Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) patients were 35 (8.75%), mean age 29.4 years; Multiple myeloma (MM) patients were 33 (8.25%), mean age 55.9 years; Hodgekin lymphoma (HL) patients were 24 (6.00%), mean age 33.8 years; Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients were 7 (1.75%), mean age 61.9 years; Follicular lymphoma (FL) patients were 4 (1.00%), mean age 56.5 years; Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patient was 1 (0.25%), age 70 years and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) patient was 1 (0.25%), age 25 years.

Conclusion : Study result showed that acute leukaemias were more common than chronic cases. AML and APL (subtype of AML) were more than ALL. Individually APL was the 5th in position whereas ALL was the 1st and AML was the 2nd highest cases among the 11 types of HM found in this study. Percentage of CML was higher (3rd in position) than CLL (8th in position) among the studied cases. Among the lymphomas NHL was more common (4th in position) than HL (7th in position) and MM (6th in position). FL (subtype of NHL) which is low grade in nature was 9th in position among the eleven. MCL and BL was rare and each was 1 in number in this study.

Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 July 2019, Page 415-418
Serum uric acid level between normotensive and pre-eclamptic patients in third trimester of pregnancy and perinatal outcome
Authors: Nesa Fazilatun , Chowdhury Fahmida , Yasmeen BH Nazma , Begum Nasreen , Das Aparna
Published: June 2022

Background : Preeclampsia is associated with maternal and neonatal complications. It has been indicated that increased uric acid might have a predictive role on preeclampsia. Several studies have demonstrated a relation between elevated maternal serum uric acid levels and adverse maternal and fetal outcome. The aim of this study was to find out the association of serum uric acid level between normotensive and pre-eclamptic (PE) patients in third trimester of pregnancy and perinatal outcome.

Methodology : A case control study was conducted in the department of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2017 to June 2018. A total number of 100 pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy attending in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital were selected purposively as study subjects. Among them 50 diagnosed cases of preeclampsia were selected as cases with age range of 18-35 years and 50 normal healthy age matched pregnant women as controls. Pregnant women with pre-existing hypertension, diabetes mellitus and renal disease were excluded from the study by history, clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations.

Results : The mean serum uric acid level was found 4.49±1.72 mg/dl in normotensive group and 7.03±1.89 mg/dl in preeclampsia group. Serum uric acid was significantly higher (p<0.05) in pre-eclampsia group than normotensive group. Regarding outcome take home as alive neonate was found 48(96.0%) in normotensive group and 41(82.0%) in preeclampsia group. Early neonatal death was 1(2.0%) in normotensive and 4(8.0%) in pre-eclampsia group. Still birth was 1(2.0%) and 5(10.0%) in normotensive and pre-eclampsia group respectively.

Conclusion : Hyperuricemia is most basic and reliable observations in pre-eclamptic pregnancies. While elevated concentrations of circulating uric acid are not uniformly increased in every woman with PE. But hyperuricemia is found in a subset of pre-eclamptic women who had higher risk for maternal and fetal complications. Therefore, measurement of serum uric acid concentration seems to be a useful test to predict maternal and fetal complications in a women with preeclampsia.

Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 July 2019, Page 419-422
Assessment of left Ventricular Longitudinal Function in Different Hypertensive Left Ventricular Geometry
Authors: Tareq Md Nur Uddin , Ahmed Chaudhury Meshkat , Mahmud Sohel , Haque KMHS Sirajul
Published: June 2022

Background: Hypertension remains as the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy was shown to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Left ventricular radial function (Ejection fraction) tends to remain normal in hypertensive patients, particular attention should be given to longitudinal function along with diastolic function. Left ventricular longitudinal function may vary across different hypertensive LV geometry with different prognosis.

Results: Of the total 214 study subjects, 109 (50.9%) were Cases and 105 (49.1%) were Controls. The mean ages of cases and controls were 52.66 (± 10.96) and 50.21 (± 10.91) years respectively. Left ventricular ejection function (LVEF) was almost identical in both groups [mean LVEF in case 68.7 % (± 6.9) Vs control 68.7(± 5.4), (p 0.947)]. Among the cases 43% had concentric hypertrophy (CH), 20% had eccentric hypertrophy (EH), 20% had concentric remodeling (CR), while normal geometry constituted the least 16.5%. Mean systolic mitral annular velocity (Vs) and mean early diastolic velocity (Ve) assesed by pulse wave tissue doppler imaging were observed to be significantly decreased in cases compared to their control counterpart (11.46 ± 1.26 vs. 15.41 ± 1.00 cm/sec, p < 0.001 and 13.80 ± 2.37 vs. 16.76 ± 2.67 cm/sec, p < 0.001. There was significant reduction of Vs in concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy (11.31 ± 1.41 and 12.27 ± 2.14). (p <0.001 and <0.005). Among cases 55 (50.5%) and among controls 17 (16%) had diastolic dysfunction. Mean systolic mitral annular velocity (Vs) in patients with diastolic dysfunction (12.42 ± 1.90 cm/sec) was significantly lower than that in patients without diastolic dysfunction (13.86 ± 2.30 cm/sec) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Radial function (LVEF) remains normal in patients with systemic hypertension as compared to controls. LVH is common among hypertensive and concentric hypertrophy is the commonest geometry. LV longitudinal systolic function as assessed by systolic mitral annular velocity (Vs) by DTI was significantly reduced in hypertensives and CH is the most severely affected with EH at intermediate risk. Diastolic dysfunction is also common but almost alaways accompanied by impairment of LV longitudinal systolic function.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 31-37
Echocardiographic Assessment of the Effect of Mitral Stenosis Severity on Left Ventricular Systolic Function Using Isololumic Myocardial Acceleration
Authors: Islam Md Hasanul , Adhikary Dipal Krishna , Parvin Tanjima , Barman Rabindra Nath , Rahman Mahbubur , Sultan Md Ashraf Uddin , Chowdhury MSI Tipu , Hoque Md Harisul
Published: June 2022

Background: Isovolumic myocardial acceleration (IVA) is a new tissue Doppler parameter in the assessment of systolic function of both right and left ventricles. It remains unaffected with the changes in pre-and after load with in the physiological range. With the advent of newer parameter like IVA, better assessment are naturally expected. Thus it creates a fertile ground where upon many studies are being done as it chosen here. The aim of study was to assess the effect of MS severety on LV systolic function using IVA.

Methods: In this cross sectional study, considering all ethical issues, data were collected from 96 patient (Isolated mitral stenosis and mitral valve area <2cm2) and 32 healthy control subjects. In addition to standard echocardiographic methods TDI (tissue Doppler imaging) were performed to assess LV function in all participants.

Results: This study showed a clear female preponderence (76%) of mitral stenosis and most of them belonging to age group 21-39 years. All TDI derived LV systolic (IVV, Sm and IVA) velocities were significanty decreased in patients with mitral stenosis, compared to the healthy control (P<.001, for all). However IVA was not different when the degree of MS was evaluated (P=.056). In addition IVA was not correlated with MVA (r=+0.196. P= 0.056).

Conclusions: Isovolumic myocardial acceleration was more accurate and consistent than conventional echocardiography in assessing subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction, IVA showed that left ventricular function is impaired with mitral stenosis regardless of severety of the disease. So this new echo parameter can be a good supplement to the existing 2D scoring system to detect systolic dysfunction in rheumatic mitral stenosis.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 42-46
Angiographic Studies of Coronary Artery Disease in Rangpur Medical College Hospital
Authors: Islam Md Hasanul , Ghafur Shakil , Barman Rabindra Nath , Sarker Haripada , Basunia Abu Zahid , Rahman Mahbubur , Mahmud Abdullah Al
Published: June 2022

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD), one of the leading causes of death is increasing globally. The number of CAD is also increasing in Bangladesh. Rangpur Medical College & Hospital is also providing cardiovascular services to populations from urban, semiurban and rural population of northern region of the country. It started coronary angiography services from June 2011. This paper aims to analyze pattern of coronary artery occlusion in patients undergoing coronary angiography during January to October 2019.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the cardiology department. There were a total of 308 cases of diagnostic angiography and coronary interventions done in Rangpur Medical College & Hospital from January to October 2019. Among them 308 cases of coronary angiography done for Acute Coronary Syndrome and Stable Angina, were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), version 17.

Results: Males were higher in number than females and majority of the patients were at or above 50 years of age. Out of 308 cases 225 had Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and 83 had Stable Angina. 54 out of 308 were found to have normal coronaries. 25 patient with ACS had normal coronary. Out of all the patients with coronary stenosis, 19 had left main disease, 59 had SVD, 62 has DVD, 71 patient had TVD. 9 patients had CTO. 159 patients had severe coronary stenosis. 117 out of 225 ACS patient had more than one coronary artery involved, which is significantly higher than the stable angina group ( p<0.01). Severe stenosis was found to be more common in ACS group (p<0.003) when compared to the stable angina group.

Conclusion: There has been a change with regard to clinical presentation and onset of risk factors for CAD at young age, but the load of atherosclerotic burden and pattern of involvement of coronary arteries have not changed in Elder group. Coronary angiography is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for CAD. Coronary status is significantly different in ACS and stable angina. ACS has more chance of having multivessel stenosis whereas stable angina has single vessel, less severe or normal coronaries. Severity of stenosis is also high in ACS than in stable angina.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 55-59