bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronology and Ideology
Authors: Garami Bosmat
Published: April 2020

This paper examines two major Israeli historic-documentary television
series, PILLAR OF FIRE (POF), product of the 1970's, and REVIVAL (RL),
product of the 1990's.The series deal with the Zionist enterprise and its
realization. The research applies Gerard Genette's central narratological
typology to the series' temporal structures, through the categories of
Order, Duration and Frequency. Findings show that while POF's classic,
linear, , historicist structure serves its celebration of the Zionist
narrative, RL employs a unique, complex , multi-dimensional structure, which
enables its historical multivocality, and supports its critical presentation
of the cyclical Arab-Israeli Conflict and revisionism of Israeli
history.
UAV-based Multispectral & Thermal dataset for exploring the diurnal variability, radiometric & geometric accuracy for precision agriculture
Authors: Kallimani Christina , Heidarian Ramin , Evert Frits K. van , Rijk Bert , Kooistra Lammert
Published: April 2020

To explore the diurnal variations, radiometric and geometric accuracy of UAV-based data for precision agriculture, a comprehensive dataset was created in a one-day field campaign (21 June 2017). The multi-sensor data set covers wheat, barley & potato experimental fields, located in Wageningen University and Research (WUR) farm maintained by Unifarm. UAV-based images were collected with several sensors over the experimental area, starting from 7:25am and ending at 20:00pm local solar time. The dataset consists of images collected by 9 flights with senseFly MSP4C, 9 with Parrot Sequoia, 2 with Slant Range P3, 5 with DJI Zenmuse X3 NIR, 4 with the senseFly Thermo-map and 1 with the RGB Sony WX-220. Additionally, validation measurements at radiometric calibration plates and plant sample locations were taken with a Cropscan handheld spectrometer and a tec5 Handyspec spectrometer. The dataset consists of the validation measurements, the raw images and the processed orthomosaics (both with and without geometric correction).
Accidental aspiration of endodontic file: a dreaded but a preventable complication
Authors: Ish Pranav , Rathi Vidushi , Khan Imran , Khan Khushboo , Datta Shubham
Published: April 2020

Accidental ingestion of dental objects has been reported previously in literature. Accidental aspiration of a dental object is however uncommon.  The affected patient may exhibit varying range of symptoms depending on location, type, shape and size of the foreign body swallowed/aspirated.  We report a case about successful retrieval of an aspirated endodontic file with special focus on risk factors, prevention and management of these iatrogenic complications.
Skin adnexal tumors: a 5 years single institutional experience
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Alluru Jagadish Singh , Mendu Samanth Kumar
Published: April 2020

Background: Skin tumors comprise of innumerable benign and malignant lesions. They vary in behaviour and malignant potential. Apart from more common melanomatous and squamous cell carcinomas, there exist unexplored arena of adnexal tumors that are rare and most often pose a dilemma for treating doctor. Their demography and presentation are yet to be standardized globally.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study undertaken in department of surgical oncology, government Royapettah hospital, Chennai from January 2013 to 2019, primarily focused to analyze the various cutaneous adnexal tumors with regard to age, sex, site, size, behavior, origin of these tumors and to correlate with the clinical presentation. Descriptive characteristics like frequencies were computed for categorical variables like gender, histologic diagnosis, primary site of disease, and type of surgical treatment, while numeric variables were summarized using mean with standard deviation, median and range.

Results: Thirteen cutaneous adnexal lesions were reported in the past 5 years at our institute. Out of the 13 cases two were benign and eleven were of malignant skin adnexal tumors. Sweat gland tumors were the most common tumors encountered and were found to be more common in males below age of 60, trunk being common site of occurrence.

Conclusions: One should have high index of suspicion, aided by proper histopathology followed by aggressive treatment is necessary for proper control. Most of them need adjuvant treatment. No standardized treatment poses some problem, that needs to be addressed with proper documentation.
Giant genital wart in pregnancy: cryotherapy as a spray of hope
Authors: Ittigi Vivekananda , Afshan Gouhare
Published: April 2020

Giant genital warts are caused by (HPV) type 6 and 11. Genital warts in pregnancy pose a treatment challenge. Here we report a case of 19 years pregnant patient treated with cryotherapy. A 19 years mid-term pregnant female presented with complaints of mild itchy increasing growth over the genitalia, in the past 20 days. Examination revealed a pinkish solitary cauliflower like growth over labia majora. The patient was treated with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy with each cycle of freeze and thawing for 15 seconds each for 12 weeks, the lesion almost regressed. Cryotherapy is a safe, easy and effective treatment modality in pregnancy.
Assessment of Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease in Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria) Population
Authors: Derouiche Samir , Cheradid Tissir , Guessoum Massaouda
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted aiming at evaluating some risk factors in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria) region.
Materials and Methods: Our study is based on 77 voluntary individuals divided into healthy man and women reserved as a control with average age of 46.61± 2.84 years old and CKD patients with average age of 46.03± 2.95 years old; their origin covers the whole Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria) region and they were selected from the dialysis service of SAAD DEHLEB hospital Djamaa (El Oued Algeria). Risk of certain socio-clinical factors has been estimated by the determination of the value of Odd Ratio (OR).
Results: Our study reports show a strong association between clinical factors such as Diabetes, urinary problems and Arterial hyper pressure (OR= 5.135, 6.60 and 78.276; P ≤0.05) with chronic kidney disease, respectively, but in this study we show that the Renal herbal medicine and History of kidney disease are the most dangerous risk factors, (OR = 20.00, OR =25,45 ; p≤0.001), respectively, for spices and Amount of water (OR ranging from 0.232 to 0.352; P ≤0.032) are important protective factors against this disease.
Conclusion: Lifestyle is a contributing factor in CKD attainment in the region of Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria), which requires high sensitivity to modify these behaviors for limited progression of the disease in this region.
MMTDNN: Multi-view Massive Training Deep Neural Network for Segmentation and Detection of Abnormal Tissues in Medical Images
Authors: Khastavaneh Hassan , Ebrahimpour Komleh Hossein
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Automated segmentation of abnormal tissues in medical images is considered as an essential part of those computer-aided detection and diagnosis systems which analyze medical images. However, automated segmentation of abnormalities is a challenging task due to the limitations of imaging technologies and complex structure of abnormalities, including low contrast between normal and abnormal tissues, shape diversity, appearance inhomogeneity, and the vague boundaries of abnormalities. Therefore, more intelligent segmentation techniques are required to tackle these challenges.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a method, which is called MMTDNN, is proposed to segment and detect medical image abnormalities. MMTDNN, as a multi-view learning machine, utilizes convolutional neural networks in a massive training strategy. Moreover, the proposed method has four phases of preprocessing, view generation, pixel-level segmentation, and post-processing. The International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)-2016 dataset is used for the evaluation of the proposed method.
Results: The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated on the task of skin lesion segmentation as one of the challenging applications of abnormal tissue segmentation. Both qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate outstanding performance. Meanwhile, the accuracy of 0.973, the Jaccard index of 0.876, and the Dice similarity coefficient of 0.931 have been achieved.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the experimental result demonstrates that the proposed method outperforms stateof-the-art methods of skin lesion segmentation.
Patient experience with clinical pharmacist services in Travis County Federally Qualified Health Centers
Authors: Shin Jennifer , Moczygemba Leticia , Barner Jamie C. , Garza Aida , Linedecker-Smith Sara , Srinivasa Maaya
Published: April 2020

Background: Positive patient experiences with care have been linked to improved health outcomes. Patient experience surveys can provide feedback about the level of patient-centered care provided by clinical pharmacists and information about how to improve services.

Objectives: Study objectives are: 1) To describe patient experience with clinical pharmacist services in a federally qualified health center (FQHC). 2) To determine if demographic or health-related factors were associated with patient experience.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey included adult patients who were English or Spanish speaking, and completed a clinical pharmacist visit in March or April 2018. Patient experience was evaluated, on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree), with 10 items using four domains: pharmacist-patient interaction information provision, support for self-care, and involvement in decision making. In addition, one item was used to rate the overall experience. Demographic and health-related variables were also collected. Eligible patients completed the survey after their clinical pharmacist visit. Descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as Cronbach’s alpha for scale reliability, were employed.

Results: Respondents (N=99) were 55.4 (SD=12.1) years and 53.1% were women. Overall, patients rated their experiences very high with the 10-item scale score of 4.8 (SD=0.4) out of 5 points and the overall experience rating of 4.9 (SD=0.4) out of 5 points. With the exception of race, there were no differences between patient experience and demographic and health-related variables. African Americans had significantly (p=0.0466) higher patient experience scores compared to Hispanics.

Conclusions: Patients receiving care in a FQHC highly rated their experience with clinical pharmacists. This indicates that clinical pharmacists provided a high level of patient-centered care to a diverse group.
AVALIAÇÃO DA DOR DO RECÉM-NASCIDO PELA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Damaceno Adalvane Nobres , Assumpção Priscila Kurz , Belmonte Graciele Pozzobon da Silva
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: identificar as ações da equipe enfermagem na avaliação e manejo da dor no recém-nascido. Método: Trata-se de uma Scoping review ou Revisão de Escopo, realizada em agosto de 2016, mediante busca nas bases de dados Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Base de Dados da Enfermagem. Foram selecionados oito artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Identificaram-se estudos transversais, exploratórios qualitativos e quantitativos. Os resultados evidenciaram duas categorias, sendo elas: “Percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem frente ao reconhecimento e avaliação dos sinais de dor do recém-nascido” e “Medidas não farmacológicas utilizadas no manejo da dor neonatal”. Conclusão: Conclui-se que ainda há uma grande distância entre o conhecimento teórico, o uso de escalas e a conduta prática dos profissionais em relação à avaliação e manejo da dor neonatal.
COMPLETUDE DAS CADERNETAS DE GESTANTES: REALIDADE DA REGIÃO NOROESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Karine Marcomini Emilli , Gabriela Fernande Frank Ana , Namie Mizuguchi Natália , Ramon Valderrama Gerbasi Adalberto , Verginia Kuster de Paula Nanci
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar a completude do preenchimento das carteiras de gestante, verificando o preenchimento das informações por parte da equipe de saúde. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo baseada em documentos de natureza quali-quantitativa, realizada em uma Maternidade do município de Umuarama-PR. Resultados: Realizou-se uma análise nos registros de perfil, antecedentes obstétricos, exame físico, consultas e exames. Os registros incompletos e/ou o não preenchimento das informações, demonstra que existem falhas na assistência oferecida e que o atendimento a gestante não está sendo integralizado. Conclusão: Evidencia-se que a carência de informações nas cadernetas de gestante interfere significativamente no desfecho final do processo gestacional e no resultado de toda assistência, sendo fundamental que os profissionais de saúde estejam em conhecimento da real situação para que possam melhorar a qualidade de atendimento ofertada.
PERCEPÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE FRENTE A ATRIBUIÇÃO DE GESTOR DA UNIDADE
Authors: Cardoso Hiasmin Marques , Lucietto Grasiele Cristina , Silva Rondinele Amaral da , Oliveira Joely Maria , Maciel Monique Maira
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções dos profissionais enfermeiros em sua vivência profissional na função de gestor (a) de serviços e equipes de saúde. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, tipo descritivo e exploratório. Realizou-se entrevistas por meio de questionários autoaplicáveis no período de setembro a novembro de 2017, com oito enfermeiros (as) gestores (as) atuantes na Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS) em um município do médio norte do Estado de Mato Grosso. Resultados: A análise temática dos contextos resultou na construção de dois eixos temáticos por ordem de relevância, sendo eles: Transição da graduação para o mercado de trabalho e Fatores influenciadores no processo de trabalho do enfermeiro gestor. Conclusão: Através dos achados da pesquisa, verificou-se que os profissionais de enfermagem enfrentam dificuldades na atuação enquanto gestor da atenção primária, processos decorrentes do modelo de formação profissional. Descritores: Enfermagem; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Administração dos serviços de saúde; Liderança.
AVALIAÇÃO MICROBIOLÓGICA DAS CONDIÇÕES DE LIMPEZA DOS CIRCUITOS DE VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA UTILIZADOS EM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: Santos Wanessa Maria , Okura Mônica Hitomi , Pereira Gilberto Araújo
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: verificar a incidência de micro-organismos potencialmente patogênicos isolados antes e após os métodos de processamento dos circuitos respiratórios (CR) dos ventiladores mecânicos e analisar os resultados das hemoculturas dos pacientes traqueostomizados durante o período do estudo. Metodologia: estudo experimental e documental realizado com amostras obtidas dos CR e análises dos prontuários dos pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica. As coletas nos circuitos foram divididas em três fases: (1) antes da solução enzimática; (2) após da solução enzimática; e (3) após óxido de etileno. Resultados: Foi detectada a presença de bactérias nas diferentes etapas do estudo, sendo caracterizados como Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negativa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, e Enterococcus. Conclusão: foi possível evidenciar a presença de contaminação bacteriana, nas diferentes etapas do estudo e também a presença desses agentes nos exames de hemocultura
ASPECTOS DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM PARA A PESSOA COM INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA
Authors: Nascimento Maria Naiane Rolim , Vieira Natália Rodrigues , Aguiar Cosmo Alexandro da Silva , Coelho Maria Eugênia Alves Almeida , Félix Nuno Damácio de Carvalho , De Oliveira Célida Juliana
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Identificar os aspectos da assistência de enfermagem a pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca crônica em um hospital de especialidade cardiológica. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de análise documental, em instituição hospitalar cardiológica, com 39 prontuários de pessoas internadas com insuficiência cardíaca entre 2010 e 2015, sendo coletados dados sociodemográficos e clínico-epidemiológicos e os elementos da assistência de enfermagem, analisados com base na frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Evidenciou-se a prevalência dos diagnósticos de enfermagem Risco de infecção e Padrão respiratório ineficaz e intervenções como Avaliar perfusão periférica, Posicionar em Fowler, Inspecionar pele e Fazer mudança de decúbito. Nos resultados verificou-se que apenas 10 prontuários conseguiram atingir 50% ou mais destes. Conclusão: Foi possível identificar os diagnósticos, intervenções e resultados de enfermagem, baseados nos riscos de hospitalização e prevenção secundária cardiovascular, além da prevenção de problemas potenciais como infecções e lesões e conservação de órgãos alvo.
SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM, UMA INVENÇÃO BRASILEIRA?
Authors: Santana Rosimere Ferreira
Published: April 2020

Em síntese, a SAE suporta a gestão em enfermagem. Dessa forma, organiza o trabalho profissional, possibilitando a organização do trabalho. No entanto, o Processo de Enfermagem carece de ser enfatizado no Brasil, como algo independente, como centro do cuidado de enfermagem, e não subentendido como associado a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, como uma invenção. Alicerçado no fato de que se não tenho pessoal, método ou instrumento eu não teria o Processo, e teríamos a própria enfermagem sem esses elementos? Isso tem sobremaneira impedido a implantação do processo de enfermagem na prática da enfermagem brasileira, com a ênfase a SAE, e ausência de luz ao Processo de enfermagem - eixo norteador da profissão-ciência.
Cultural Determinants of Corporate Governance: A Multi-Country Study
Authors: Arantes Pedro Paulo Melo , Peixoto Fernanda Maciel , Carvalho Luciana , Malaquias Fernanda Francielle de Oliveira
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if the culture of countries influences earnings management practices. Earnings management (EM) was chosen as a Corporate Governance mechanism.Methodology: We selected the Earnings Management proxies from Leuz et al. (2003).  We adopted Hosftede´s cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance and long term orientation. The sample comprised companies listed in 2016 in the stock markets of Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Chile, Colombia, Peru, and the United States. This work involved regression analysis to associate the dimensions of culture with the practice of EM of the firms.Findings: The results showed a positive relationship between EM and power distance and between EM and uncertainty avoidance. On the other hand, the results showed a negative relationship between EM and individualism and between EM and long term orientation. Overall, our results suggest that culture influences firms’ earnings management.Originality/value: Finance literature has had difficulty in assessing which variables can affect the development of CG in companies and its peculiarities in each country.  It is also difficult to find country-level variables that are common to all countries. This paper breaks new ground by developing culture indicators of the countries and aggregating legal and firm-level variables to these indicators to advance the understanding of CG in the firms and nations.Theoretical and methodological contributions: studying culture at a multi-country level is important to improve the understanding of common aspects and the countries’ particularities that may affect the relationship between corporate governance and performance around the world.
A gestão da rede estadual de ensino da Paraíba por organizações sociais: tensões e desafios
Authors: Araújo Ana Cláudia Cavalcanti de , Lima Felipe Baunilha Tomé de , Junior Luiz Sousa
Published: April 2020

As mudanças na gestão pública, decorrentes em grande parte das transformações no padrão tecnológico, informacional, organizacional e gerencial acontecidas no mundo do trabalho, resultaram em novos métodos de administração dos sistemas educacionais em todo o mundo com base na chamada Nova Gestão Pública. Reformas educativas foram implementadas, com maior ou menor intensidade, em diferentes países, tendo como alvo a formação de sujeitos com novas habilidades e competências almejadas pelo mercado globalizado. No Brasil, a formulação, em 2004, de um marco legal das parcerias público-privadas foi decisiva para o surgimento de modelos de quase mercado, com repercussão nos sistemas educacionais. Para além da aceitação de padrões mercadológicos, as reformas educativas impulsionaram a transferência da gestão educacional para o setor privado, seja por meio de instituições “pedagógicas” vinculadas a empresas privadas, seja por meio de Organizações Sociais (OS) constituídas com fins de gerenciamento dos bens públicos. No Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil, todas as escolas da rede estadual tiveram sua gestão administrativa entregue a duas OS. Como se deu o processo de transferência da gestão administrativa dessas escolas e quais as implicações dessa mudança na gestão delas, particularmente na parte pedagógica? Este artigo, de caráter qualitativo, desenvolvido com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, objetiva analisar a passagem da gestão das escolas estaduais para as Organizações Sociais. Intenta, ainda, perceber as mudanças nos processos de gestão pedagógica a partir das novas exigências constantes no contrato de gestão firmado com as OS e seus possíveis desdobramentos na organização escolar da rede estadual da Paraíba.
Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Persons ‘Health and Well-Being: Reducing Minority Stress to Improve Well-Being
Authors: Smith Sheila K.
Published: April 2020

This article describes minority stress theory as applied to health disparities and health-care experiences of transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) persons. The combination of stigma, social and structural inequalities, and actual discrimination events result in mutually reinforcing dynamics that drive persistent and stubborn disparities in physical and mental health for TGNB persons (Halkitis, Kapadia, Ompad, & Perez-Figueroa, 2015). Together with distrust of the medical system and discomfort of health-care providers in caring for TGNB persons (Smith & Turell, 2017), minority stress contributes to poorer health outcomes and reduced quality of care for sexual and gender minority populations. Ways to reduce health-care-related minority stress for TGNB persons are proposed, with the goal of improving TGNB health and well-being.
Peer Responses to Trans Youth Tweeting about Self-Harm and Suicidality
Authors: Simms Drew
Published: April 2020

Background

Transgender youth have been found to be at higher risk of experiencing common mental health problems than their cisgender peers, but there has been little research into the mechanisms of peer support among this group. Research into how young people communicate about self-harm and suicidality on social media has found patterns of behavior in which young people encourage each other's risky and self-injurious actions, but whether this holds true among minority groups such as trans youth has not been established.

Method

Twitter biographies were searched to find self-identifying trans people aged 14–18 years. The resulting accounts were searched for key words related to common mental health issues. The tweets caught by the search terms and their replies were coded into themes using a combination of inductive and deductive coding. The occurrence of themes were quantified and analyzed using SPSS 24.

Results

1,468 tweets were analyzed from 235 accounts; 133 (56.6%) of the accounts with relevant content received no public replies to tweets mentioning mental health issues. Of the 102 (43.4%) that did receive public replies, 64 (62.7%) received a maximum of two replies. Three themes were found in replies to tweets, Support, Feeling the Same Way, and Advice. Most replies were expressions of support, followed by expressions of feeling the same way; advice was rare. There were no incidents of replies that were dismissive of or encouraged self-injurious behavior.

Discussion

Findings differ from existing research on how youth interact with each other online with regard to mental health issues: the trans youth in this study were not found to encourage risky and self-injurious behavior in each other. This has implications for caring for trans youth in mental health settings, where social media use is normally discouraged, as its use may be a protective factor for trans youth specifically.
Loving Unconditionally
Authors: Lewis-Hunstiger Marty
Published: April 2020

A nurse and mother writes anonymously about her transgender child, and describes her feelings through the multi-layered coming out process. The parental dreams for her child that were based on societal norms, changed to reflect the goals and dreams of her transgender child. While the LGBTQ community has had wide acceptance nationwide, there still is work to be done where discrimination still occurs in several states.
Design Thinking in Nursing Education to Improve Care for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex and Two-Spirit People
Authors: Ziegler Erin , Carroll Benjamin , Shortall Chris
Published: April 2020

Design thinking methodology is a collaborative strategy with the potential to create innovations. Design thinking is being used increasingly in health care. Design jams are interdisciplinary events that bring together experts and community members to collaborate on creative solutions to health-care problems. This article describes the design thinking process and includes reflection on the authors ‘participation in a design jam event aimed to address the knowledge-to-action gap that exists in health care for (LGBTQI2S) people.
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People, and the Nursing Imperative
Authors: Manthey Marie
Published: April 2020

This essay speaks to the legacy value of nurses ‘caring for all people, no matter how they feel about the person's values or lifestyle, including the current issues around gender identity and sexual orientation. This legacy is deeply imbedded in the moral ethics of nursing and supports the proposition that if there isn't caring, it isn't nursing.
The Future of the Middle Classes as in the «Logic» of the Historical Process in the 20th Century
Authors: Subetto Alexandr I.
Published: April 2020

The Object of the Study. Middle classes in the logic of the historical process in the 20th century.

The Subject of the Study. Production relations that determine the fate of the middle classes in capitalist and noosphere - socialist societies.

The Purpose of the Study. Development of methodological grounds for predictive research on the problem of the historical fate of the middle classes.

The Main Provisions of the Study. The author reveals a theoretical system-a concept that determines the future of the middle classes in Russia and in the world, taking into account the era of the Great Evolutionary Change. The scientific and philosophical essay is a kind of theoretical reflection on the problems and assessments that are set and disclosed in the monograph "Middle Classes in Capitalist Russia".
Pengaruh Hiperbarik Oksigen terhadap Psikologis Penderita Ulkus Kaki Diabetik
Authors: Dismalyansa Dismalyansa , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Pradanie Retnayu , Arifin Hidayat
Published: April 2020

Pendahuluan: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dengan Ulkus Kaki Diabetes (UKD) dapat berakibat pada gangguan psikologis. Terapi Hiperbarik Oksigen (HBO) dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka sehingga psikologis pasien dapat membaik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pengaruh hiperbarik oksigen terhadap psikologis penderita UKD. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experimental dengan pendekatan non-equivalent control group design. Sampel sebanyak 70 pasien pasien DM dengan UKD. Variabel indepeden adalah terapi HBO dan dependen adalah psikologis penderita UKD. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner WHOQOL-BREF. Data dianalisis dengan Wilcoxon signed rank test dan Mann Whitney U test. Hasil: Intervensi HBO meningkatkan psikologis pasien UKD (p=0,012) dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan yang signifikan (0,040). Diskusi: Pasien DM dengan UKD yang diberi HBO menunjukkan perbaikkan psikologis yang terlihat dari pasien lebih sehat, semangat, dan terdapat perbaikan UKD. HBO dapat dijadikan sebagai pilihan pengobatan dalam meningkatkan respon psikologis penderita UKD.
In-silico Druggability Studies of 4-hydroxy-α-tetralone and its Derivatives with RND Efflux pump of E. coli
Authors: Sonam Singh  , A. S. Sanket  , Gaurav R. Dwivedi  , Harish C. Upadhyay
Published: April 2020

The compound 4-hydroxy-α-tetralone (1) has been reported to possess potent anti-tubercular, anti-diabetic and anti-leishmanial activities. In our earlier studies the compound 1 and its various semi-synthetic derivatives showed potent bioenhancing activity in combination with nalidixic acid (NAL) and tetracycline (TET) reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics up to 8 folds by inhibition of ABC efflux pump. However, in gram negative bacteria, resistance nodulation division (RND) family are considered as major efflux pump responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR). Hence, the current study was carried out to access the in-silico docking potential of compound 1 and its cinnamoyl (1a), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzoyl (1b) derivatives against RND efflux pump target proteins AcrA, AcrB, TolC of E. coli. The docking study showed that the test compounds have good binding affinity with target proteins. The derivative 1a showed highest interaction with AcrA followed by AcrB showing binding energies -8.7 and -8.2 kcal/mol respectively. The low molecular weight ≤500, high hydrogen bonding, high log p value (>1) with hydroxy, methoxy and aromatic group of ligands make these compounds as effective efflux pump inhibitor. In drug likeliness studies, these compounds pass the safety criteria with enhanced bioavailability and absorption, less acute oral toxicity, less hepatotoxicity. This study promises that the compound 1 and its derivatives (1a & 1b) might be RND efflux pump inhibitors providing the initial platform for development of safer and cost-effective antibacterial drug to manage MDR infections.
Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Ethnobotanical, Bioactivities and Medicinal Mysteries of Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) Hochr
Authors: Ashwani Tiwari  , Atul Patel  , Sarika Shrivastava  , Sarita Karole  , Usha Vishwakarma  , Prakash Mishra
Published: April 2020

Various parts of plants such as leaf, stem, roots and barks were used as medicines in auyrveda, siddha, unani and homeopathic treatments. As only few studies are done on such plant, the purpose of this current review is to make accessible till date information on, botany, morphology, ecological biodiversity, therapeutic uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities on diverse parts of Ougeinia oojeinensis. This review was assembled using technical literature from electronic search engine such as Springerlink, BioMed Central, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Scielo, Medline and Science domain. Supplementary texts were obtained from books, book chapters, dissertations, websites and other scientific publications. O. oojeinensis commonly known as Tinsa, is rich in secondary metabolites, which impart incredible medicinal uses to the plant. The active constituents extracted from O. oojeinensis are genistein, ougenin, dalbergioidin, kaempferol, lupeol, Ferreirin, neophellamuretin, orobol, wedelolactone, homoferririn isoflavanone and betulin etc. The uses of bark are astringent, acrid, cooling, stimulant, anti-inflammatory, constipating, anthelmintic, sudorific, depurative, urinary astringent, styptic, febrifuge and rejuvenating. The extract of the whole plant showed anti-inflammatory, hypotensive action, antioxidant activity, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, hypoglycemic and wound healing activities. There is a need to isolate the active constituents, their biological test, experimental defense, molecular mechanisms and legalization of there therapeutic uses of O. oojeinensis. The gathered detail will be obliging to determine the study protocol for current drugs and Ayurvedic formulation extension in the remedial and luxury a variety of ailments. Clinical trials for the reported preclinical studies should be executed immediately to further validate the claims on humans.
Quantifying the seasonal variations in grapevine yield components based on pre- and post-flowering weather conditions
Authors: Zhu Junqi , Fraysse Rémi , Trought Michael C.T. , Raw Victoria , Yang Linlin , Greven Marc , Martin Damian , Agnew Rob
Published: April 2020

Seasonal differences in weather conditions cause marked variation in grapevine yield. However, quantitative relationships between various yield components and climatic factors at field scales are still lacking. By using a long-term field trial, we quantified the correlation between weather conditions during the key development stages and the yield components of Vitis vinifera L. Sauvignon blanc growing under cool-climate conditions. A long-term phenology and yield monitoring trial using both two-cane and four-cane trained vertically shoot positioned (VSP) Sauvignon blanc vines was established in four vineyards in Marlborough, New Zealand in 2004. Phenology, bunch number, berry mass, yield and meteorology records were collated. A multivariable mixed linear model was used to assess the relationship between various yield components and weather conditions. The critical periods for each yield component and weather factor were optimised based on the maximum likelihood returned from the mixed linear model. The optimised critical periods of temperature for all yield components occurred mainly before 50 % flowering either in the previous season (during inflorescence initiation) and the current season, indicating the importance of the pre-flowering period on yield formation. Out of all weather factors, maximum daily temperature had the largest effect on bunch number and overall yield and strongly influenced berry number and bunch mass. Rainfall near flowering time had a negative effect on berry mass and bunch mass, but post-flowering rainfall had a strong positive effect. The statistical model explained 60 to 85 percent of the seasonal variations in bunch number, berry number, berry and bunch mass and yield per vine.
Cheating in the Viral World
Authors: Leeks Asher , West Stuart A. , Ghoul Melanie
Published: April 2020

The success of many viruses depends upon cooperative interactions between viral genomes. For example, viruses that coinfect the same cell can share essential gene products, such as replicase, the enzyme that replicates the viral genome. However, when cooperation occurs, there is the potential for ‘cheats’ to exploit that cooperation. We suggest that: (1) the biology of viruses makes viral cooperation particularly susceptible to cheating; (2) cheats are common across a wide range of viruses, including viral entities that are already well studied, such as defective interfering genomes, and satellite viruses. Consequently, evolutionary theory developed to explain cheating offers a conceptual framework for understanding and manipulating viral dynamics. At the same time, viruses offer unique opportunities to study how cheats evolve, because cheating is relatively common in viruses, compared with taxa where cooperation is more usually studied, such as animals.
Bioaerosol Size Effect in COVID-19 Transmission
Authors: Guzman Marcelo I.
Published: April 2020

The fast spread of COVID-19 constitutes a worldwide challenge to the public health, educational, and trade systems, affecting the overall wellbeing of human societies. The high transmission and mortality rates of this virus, and the unavailability of a vaccine or treatment, resulted in the decision of multiple governments to enact measures of social distancing. Thus, it is of general interest to consider the validity of the proposal for keeping a social distancing of at least 2 m from other persons to avoid the spread of COVID-19. The exposure to the bioaerosol can result in the deposition of the pathogen in the respiratory tract of the host causing disease and an immunological response. In the atmospheric context, the work evaluates the effect of aerodynamic diameter (size) of particles in carrying RNA copies of the novel coronavirus. A SARS-CoV-2 carrier person talking, sneezing, or coughing at distance of 2 m can still provide a pathogenic bioaerosol load with submicron particles that remain viable in air for up to 3 hours for exposure of healthy persons near and far from the source in a stagnant environment. The deposited bioaerosol creates contaminated surfaces, which if touched can act as a path to introduce the pathogen by mouth, nose, or eyes and cause disease.
ACE Inhibitors and AT1R Blockers for COVID-2019: Friends or Foes ?
Authors: Focosi Daniele , Tuccori Marco , Maggi Fabrizio
Published: April 2020

Human respiratory beta coronavirus are emerging causes for Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC). SARS-CoV2 is circulating worldwide since November 2019. We review here the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in COVID-19, and data supporting the role for dysregulation of the RAS counterregulatory axis due to binding of SARS-CoV2 S protein to ACE2 receptor. Since this counterregulatory axis provides benefits not only on the cardiovascular front but also in acute lung injury, we speculate on potential use of ACE inhibitors and AT1R blockers in critically ill COVID-19 patients, and report current evidences.
Epigenetic Regulation Mediated by microRNAs in the Susceptibility and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Guo Shicheng , Chang Cen , Xu Lingxia , Zhang Runrun , Jin Yehua , Xiong Momiao , He Dongyi
Published: April 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of the transcriptome and development of diseases including cancer and autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently, a comprehensive map, illustrating how miRNAs regulate transcripts, pathways, immune system differentiation, and their interaction with terminal cells, such as T cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, is still missing. In this review, we provide a thorough summary of the roles of miRNAs in the susceptibility to pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, and prognosis of RA. Numerous miRNAs are abnormally expressed in cells involved in RA, and regulate target genes and pathways including the NF-κB, Fas-FasL, JAK-STAT, IRE1-RIDD, and mTOR pathways. By regulating gene expression, miRNAs affect T cell differentiation to diverse cell types, including Th17 and T-reg cells, and thus constitute promising gene therapy targets to modulate the immune system in RA. We summarize the diagnostic and prognostic potential of blood-circulating and cell-free miRNAs, highlighting the novel opportunities to combine these with rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) to provide accurate diagnosis and prognosis, especially for seronegative patients. Furthermore, we outline how functional genetic variants of miR-499 and miR-146a partly explain the unmet susceptibility to RA. Additionally, we review the evidence implicating miRNAs as promising biomarkers of efficiency, response, and resistance to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMRDs) and immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the autotherapeutic effect of miRNA intervention as a step toward the development of miRNA-based anti-RA drugs. Collectively, the current evidence supports miRNAs as interesting targets to better understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of RA and design more efficient therapeutic interventions.
O-β-GlcNAcylation, Chloroquine and 2-Hydroxybenzohydrazine May Hamper SARS-CoV-2 entry to Human via Inhibition of ACE2 Phosphorylation at Ser787 but Also Induce Disruption of Virus-ACE2 Binding
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Shabbiri Khadija , Islam Nazarul
Published: April 2020

The novel coronavirus COVID- 19 disease is extremely contagious and has been spread worldwide. First COVID-19 case was identified in December, 2019 and within three months, more than one million affected cases and over 65,000 deaths have been reported. SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also known as 2019-nCoV is a causative agent of COVID-19 disease and belongs to the SARS CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus) family. The SARS-CoV-2 enters the human body by binding its viral surface spike protein with the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and cause infection. To prevent the virus entry and its transmission in the human body, we focused on the two domains of ACE2: i) the N-terminal extracellular binding domain (18-740 residues) reported for coronavirus spike interaction, and ii) the C-terminal cytoplasmic region (762-805 residues) to prevent the virus transmission. Therefore, we proposed: i) inhibition of receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 and human ACE2 protein may prevent the virus entry to the host and ii) inhibition of phosphorylation at Ser-787 of ACE2 protein may prevent the transmission of the virus in the COVID-19 patients. In the past, the critical role of Ser 787 in human ACE2 protein has been experimentally verified in SARS-CoV transmission, that upon binding to the receptor, SARS- CoV induces CKII- mediated phosphorylation of ACE2 at Ser-787 that in-turn facilitate virus entry to host cells, followed by replication and activation of ACE2, initiates downstream signaling leading to lung fibrosis. Therefore, in this study, we have suggested post-translational modification (PTM) O-β-GlcNAcylation, and two compounds Chloroquine and 2-hydroxybenzohydrazine might share the common pathways to prevent the COVID-19 infection in human. The addition of O-β-GlcNAcylation at same or neighboring Ser/ Thr residues results in phosphorylation inhibition and a change in protein structural and functional confirmations. Thereby, using neural networking methods, we have identified Ser/ Thr residues in ACE2 that are potential sites for phosphorylation and / or O-β-GlcNAcylation. Molecular docking showed that UDP-GlcNAc has more binding affinity with Ser-787 than the phosphoryl group. Moreover, chloroquine and 2-hydroxybenzohydrazine also showed great potential to bind at Ser-787 that may result in inhibition of Ser-787 phosphorylation and downstream signaling. Furthermore, O-β-GlcNAcylation, chloroquine and 2-hydroxybenzohydrazine showed their high affinity at ACE2-SARS-CoV-2receptor binding domain that may prevent the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human body. In conclusion, inhibition of human ACE2 phosphorylation at Ser-787 and ACE2-SARS-CoV-2 binding domain could be promising targets against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Forecasting COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations under Different Levels of Social Distancing in Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy: Results from an Extended SEIR Compartmental Model
Authors: Reno Chiara , Lenzi Jacopo , Navarra Antonio , Barelli Eleonora , Gori Davide , Lanza Alessandro , Valentini Riccardo , Tang Biao , Fantini Maria Pia
Published: April 2020

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. As of April 17, 2020, more than 2 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported worldwide. Northern Italy is one of the world’s centers of active coronavirus cases. In this study, we predicted the spread of COVID-19 and its burden on hospital care under different conditions of social distancing in Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, the two regions of Italy most affected by the epidemic. To do this, we used a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) deterministic model, which encompasses compartments relevant to public health interventions such as quarantine. A new compartment L was added to the model for isolated infected population, i.e., individuals tested positives that do not need hospital care. We found that in Lombardy restrictive containment measures should be prolonged at least until early July to avoid a resurgence of hospitalizations; on the other hand, in Emilia-Romagna the number of hospitalized cases could be kept under a reasonable amount with a higher contact rate. Our results suggest that territory-specific forecasts under different scenarios are crucial to enhance or take new containment measures during the epidemic.
Treatment of Patients with COVID-19 and Concomitant Cardiovascular Diseases: Do not Forget About the Principles of Evidence-based Medicine
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu.
Published: April 2020

The recent discussion about the dangers of using angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA) in patients with COVID-19 is analyzed in the article. There is controversy over the hypothesis that these drugs can be factors contributing to an unfavorable outcome of a viral disease, as well as the absence of any clinical evidence for this hypothesis. The opinion that withdrawal of ACE inhibitors and ARA in patients with COVID-19 may increase the risk of adverse outcomes is presented.
The Nutrition Transition in Malaysia; Key Drivers and Recommendations for Improved Health Outcomes
Authors: Von Goh Ee , Azam-Ali Susan , McCullough Fiona , Mitra Soma
Published: April 2020

Background : The main purpose of this paper is to understand the multidimensional phenomenon of the nutrition transition in Malaysia, from 1980 to 2014, to inform future policies for a healthier nation. Methods : Food and health data were obtained through Food Balance Sheets, Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) and National Health and Morbidity Surveys (NHMS) for year-to-year review. Interaction between changes in food supplies and dietary trends and the progression of diet-related diseases and risk factors in tandem with demographic and socioeconomic transitions were observed using quasi-historical approach. Results : The period-under-review has seen Malaysia becoming more affluent, urbanised and modernised. Energy supply for Malaysian population remained consistently in excess of average calorie needs by a minimum of 30%. There were significant signs of shifting food trends, particularly in the supply of wheat (+56.5%), rice (-23.7%), sugar and sweeteners (+23.9%), meat (+49.3%), fish and seafood (+38.7%), and eggs (+55.7%). The plant/animal protein ratio has decreased over time. Prevalence of NCD and associated risk factors has increased rapidly, some as high as 170%, despite various policy efforts to reduce them. Conclusion : The study highlights the importance of policymakers taking a relook into its policies and strategies, and formulate sustainable, comprehensive and multifaceted actions together with all relevant stakeholders to ensure a conducive, healthy and nutritious food systems and environment for its population.