bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occupational participation and social inclusion of the LGBTIQ+ community in the Magallanes region and the Chilean Antarctic Territory
Authors: Candia Oskarina Palma , Villegas Katherine Rojas , Soliz Carla Soliz , Navarrete Lucha Venegas
Published: October 2022

Abstract Introduction People of sexual diversity have been violated in their human rights and marginalized from participating in some spaces, and occupations as a result of prejudices and social constructions that have been imposed as the predominant culture throughout history. Objective To know the perception of people from the LGBTIQ+ community, about their social inclusion and occupational participation in the different spaces of daily life in the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica region. Method Semi-structured interviews were applied to LGBTIQ+ people between 20 and 40 years old, the stories were interpreted through content analysis, using qualitative methodology with a descriptive approach. Results Different opinions are obtained about the occupational participation of LGBTIQ+ people, pointing out some positive experiences of acceptance, however, experiences of discrimination and violence predominate, as well as situations of injustice or occupational deprivation as a result of prejudices and beliefs, both social and personal (occupational awareness), According to the reports, needs and proposals are collected to achieve occupational participation and full inclusion. Conclusion The occupational participation and social inclusion of the LGBTIQ+ community are affected by discrimination, prejudice, and beliefs of people in the Magallanes region, showing that progress is still required, and generate spaces for training and re-education related to sexual and gender diversity, deconstructing the prejudices and beliefs that persist in the region.
Envelhecimento e poética de atenção às formas de vida
Authors: Pereira Bárbara Alves , Ferreira João Batista de Oliveira
Published: October 2022

Este artigo discute a possibilidade de uma poética de cuidado e atenção às formas de vida em uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos. O texto ancora-se em uma etnografia que ocorreu em um abrigo para idosos, realizada por meio de observação participante, entrevistas e acompanhamento da vida cotidiana. Durante o trabalho de campo, uma das atividades centrais era um Círculo de Leitura promovido pela instituição. Ao acompanhar essas atividades, a literatura provocava os afetos e memórias dos participantes e constituiu uma forma de cuidado e produção de saúde. Nesse contexto, ler e rememorar também era produzir saúde. Procurando analisar as vivências no Círculo de Leitura, o texto indaga o que pode a literatura e quais experiências provocam. A busca é por entender como a literatura afeta os idosos.
Influence of nano-TiO2 on the chloride diffusivity of concrete
Authors: Rawat Garima , Gandhi Sumit , Murthy Yogesh Iyer
Published: October 2022

In this research, the benefits of nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) concrete over pure concrete in resisting the impacts of chloride diffusion were investigated. An increasing accelerative effect of chloride diffusion was experimentally discovered, which coincided with the movement in the exposed concrete surface caused by diffusion and the damage in concrete microstructure caused by chloride salt accumulation. The ‘time lag’ and ‘equivalent time’ between diffusion and migration tests were used to calculate the steady- and non-steady-state chloride diffusion coefficients. Concrete containing 2% nano-titanium dioxide by weight of cement demonstrated improved impermeability when compared with pure concrete, owing to improvements in microstructure and porosity. In comparison with pure concrete, the concrete containing nano-titanium dioxide had superior performance in resisting the effects of chloride diffusion. Because of its superfine particle size distribution and ‘filler’ effect, nano-titanium dioxide appeared to ensure decreased chloride diffusion in the investigated mixes. The test findings revealed that adding supplemental cementitious elements to mortar enhanced its resistance to chloride penetration.
Effect of Waist Circumference on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with St-Segment Elevation
Authors: AKYOL Pınar Yeşim , ACAR Hüseyin , KARAALİ Rezan , ÇAKIR Adem , TOPAL Fatih
Published: October 2022

Aim: Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, there are also studies showing that increased body mass index is unexpectedly protective in myocardial infarction. More studies are needed to elucidate this situation, known as the obesity paradox. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between waist circumference and mortality and morbidity in acute ST elevated myocardial infarct (STEMI).

Material and Method: This is a prospective and observational study. Patients diagnosed with STEMI on electrocardiography (ECG) were included in the study. Immediately after the exhalation, waist circumference (WC) was measured on a horizontal plane at a point equidistant from the lowest floating rib and the upper border of the iliac crest. The role of waist circumference in the development of mortality and major cardiac events within 1 month was evaluated.

Results: A total of 106 patients admitted to the emergency department with STEMI were included in the study. While increased waist circumference was associated with mortality, it was insignificant in terms of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) development. Low BMI is significant in terms of decreased mortality and MACE.

Conclusions: The use of WC as an indicator of body fat ratio rather than weight in STEMI may be more valuable in the evaluation of mortality and MACE.
Academic Vocabulary in Applied Linguistics Research Articles: A Corpus-based Study
Authors: Xodabande Ismail , Torabzadeh Shima , Ghafouri Mohammad , Emadi Azadeh
Published: October 2022

Background. Generally operationalized as the words used more frequently in academic discourse for describing abstract ideas and processes, academic vocabulary poses a major learning burden for native and non-native speakers of English. Recent developments in corpus-based technologies and tools have made it possible to analyze large bodies of texts for profiling vocabulary items, and a growing number of studies investigated such vocabulary in research articles published in different disciplines.

Purpose. Despite significant progress in academic word list development, research focusing on the contribution of the newly developed word lists in academic texts remained largely limited. Accordingly, the majority of studies used outdated lists for general and academic vocabulary as the starting points in their studies.

Methods. The current study investigated a large corpus of applied linguistics research articles (2000 RAs, 15.5 million words, 20 journals) to identify frequently used academic words based on New Academic Word List (NAWL). In analyzing the data, predefined criteria were used and the study used flemma for counting and defining words.

Results. The findings indicated that 310 out of 960 academic words in NAWL were used frequently in the corpus and provided 4.19% coverage. This coverage differs considerably with the previous studies that investigated similar corpora using the Academic Word List (AWL) and reported around and more than 10% coverage for academic vocabulary. Since the base lists used for profiling the corpus in this study were different from those employed by the previous studies, such differences mainly arise as a result of improvements in operationalizing general service and academic vocabulary.

Implications. In light of these findings and recent calls for more replication research in vocabulary studies, the study draws some implications for researching and teaching academic vocabulary. Additionally, in order to facilitate academic vocabulary learning in applied linguistics, the study presents a list of frequently used NAWL items divided into six bands based on their frequency in the corpus.
Derin öğrenme temelli hibrid altın endeksi (XAU/USD) yön tahmin modeli
Authors: KANTAR Onur , KİLİMCİ Zeynep Hilal
Published: October 2022

Borsa, döviz kuru, kripto para yön tahminlerinin yanı sıra 1 ons altının dolar cinsinden değerini belirleyen altın endeksinin (XAU/USD) yönünün tahminlenmesi de yatırımcılar, araştırmacılar ve analistler için cezbedici bir araştırma konusu olmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında, derin öğrenme metodolojisi temelli altın endeksinin yönünü tahmin eden bir modelin oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Önerilen model, altın endeksine ait gerçek zamanlı verilerle metin içerikli verilerin harmanlanması sonucu elde edilmiş olup hem bu yönüyle hem de yön tahmininde kullanılan hibrid derin öğrenme yöntemleri açısından hibrid bir tahmin modeli özelliği de taşımaktadır. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla bu çalışma, sosyal medya platformunu finansal duygu analizi amacıyla kaynak olarak kullanan ve bunu sayısal verilerle harmanlayarak altın endeksi için derin öğrenme temelli yön tahmin modeli oluşturan literatürdeki ilk çalışma niteliğindedir. Çalışmanın literatüre katkısı dört aşamada özetlenebilir: İlk aşamada, finansal duygu analizini gerçekleştirebilmek için Twitter ortamından toplanan verileri ayrıştırma, kelimelerin sözlükteki doğru hallerini bulma, kelimelerin köklerini bulma, kelimeleri normalize etme, kullanılmayan karakterleri ve kelimeleri temizleme gibi yöntemlerle veriler temizlenip modellenmeye hazır hale getirilmiştir. Modellemeye hazır olan veri CNN, RNN, LSTM, Word2Vec, Glove, fastText, BERT, M-BERT, DistilBERT, ELMo, ULMFiT, RoBERTa, ELECTRA, GPT-2 yöntemleri kullanılarak sınıflandırılmıştır. İkinci olarak, XAU/USD gerçek zamanlı verileriyle finansal duygu analizinden elde edilen verilerin sonuçları harmanlanmıştır. Üçüncü olarak, MLP, CNN, LSTM, CNN-LSTM, ConvLSTM derin öğrenme modelleri ile XAU/USD yön tahmin modeli inşa edilmiştir. Dördüncü olarak, birbirinden farklı yapıda olan beş tahmin modelinden alınan sonuçların XAU/USD yönünün tahminindeki performansı sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, önerilen modelin performansı literatür çalışmalarıyla kıyaslandığında yüksek doğrulukla kayda değer ölçüde üstünlük göstermektedir.
Preparation of organotypic cerebellar cultures v1
Authors: Lossi Laura
Published: October 2022

This protocol describes the basics to prepare organotypic cerebellar cultures using the membrane interface method.
PD-L1 expression as predictor of immunotherapy eligibility in penile squamous cell carcinoma patients v1
Authors: Haritsyah Warli Muhammad
Published: October 2022

We investigated the correlation between PD-L1 expression and poor prognosis. We examined the correlation between PD-L1 expression and survival of penile SqCC and analyzed the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of the patients with PD-L1 expression compared to anatomical stage of the tumor.
RNA extraction from E. coli v1
Authors: not provided An.Huang
Published: October 2022

RNA extraction is a fundamental step in multiple experiments, for example, qPCR. This protocol helps conduct a simple RNA extraction procedure.
Isolating non-axenic monoclonal Symbiodinium cultures from Aiptasia pallida v1
Authors: Aguirre Emily
Published: October 2022

To isolate non-axenic, monoclonal Symbiodinium from the anemone Aiptasia pallida (CC7). Although there is no guarantee that all bacterial associates will be conserved using this method, 16S rDNA sequencing (unpublished data) suggested that previously documented bacteria1 in the Symbiodiniaceae phycosphere (in a study not affiliated with our group, done on 5 clades of Symbiodiniaceae) were also prevalent in our monocultures even after three years of consistent subculturing with L1 (no Si) media. 1 Lawson, C. A., Raina, J. B., Kahlke, T., Seymour, J. R., & Suggett, D. J. (2018). Defining the core microbiome of the symbiotic dinoflagellate, Symbiodinium.Environmental Microbiology Reports,10 (1), 7-11. NOTE: This protocol requires an inverted microscope. Please assure you have access to one for the entirety of the process.
Voronoi tesselation v1
Authors: not provided adalberto.merighi
Published: October 2022

This protocol describes how to perform Voronoi tesselation analysis of cerebellar images. It can be used for any biological images to study cellular sociology and is based on a model of parametrization and quantitation of cellular population topographies developed by Marcelpoil and Usson (1992). It is advantageous to analyze cellular migration and dispersion in longitudinal studies.
Epstein-Barr virus in Adygeans and Slavs in Russia: virus types, LMP1 variants, and malignant tumors
Authors: Smirnova K. V. , Senyuta N. B. , Lubenskaya A. K. , Botezatu I. V. , Dushenkina T. E. , Lichtenstein A. V. , Gurtsevich V. E.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. It is known that the structural features of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) affect the manifestation of its biological properties. Based on differences in the sequences of the EBNA2, EBNA3A, -B, and -C genes, two types of the virus, EBV-1 and EBV-2, have been identified that have different ability to transform B cells in vitro and possibly playing certain role in the development of EBV-associated neoplasms.

Aim. To study the prevalence of EBV-1 and EBV-2 in two ethnic groups, Аdygeans and Slavs, as well as the contribution of EBV-associated tumors to the overall incidence of malignant neoplasms certain organs and tissues.

Materials and methods. DNA samples were extracted from 59 oral lavages of ethnic Аdygeans from Republic of Adygea and 40 such from oral cavity of ethnic Slavs of Moscow city. These samples were used for amplification of EBV DNA, determination of the concentration of viral DNA copies per 1 cell washout, as well as for amplification of EBV LMP1 followed by sequencing of the resulting gene samples and determination of their protein variant (LMP1).

Results. Studies have shown that among the representatives of the Аdygeans the 2nd EBV type prevails, and among the Slavs, the 1st one. Epstein-Barr virus isolates in representatives of the two ethnic groups also differed in the structure of LMP1. Among the Slavs, a set of its LMP1 variants (B95.8/A, China, Med- and NC) was identified. However, among the Adygeans, the only variant - B95.8 and its subtype - B95.8/A was identified. EBV-1, which prevails among the representatives of the Slavs and has the ability to transform B-cells, was projected onto a higher incidence of tumors of the pharynx, stomach, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (where EBV-associated cases cam occur) in the population of Moscow than in the population of the Republic of Adygea. However, the differences between incidence rates for these neoplasms (with the exception for the stomach tumors) were not statistically significant (p >0.5). A higher and statistically significantly different incidence rate of stomach cancer in residents of Moscow city, compared with that in residents of the Republic of Adygea, in our opinion, is not due to EBV-1 type and/or LMP1 variants, but rather is associated with a genetic predisposition the population of Moscow city to this tumor.

Conclusion. The fact that two ethnic groups of Russia were found to be prevails by different types of EBV raises the question of their ethno-geographical association and their role in the induction of EBV-associated tumors. To resolve this issue additional studies in other geographical regions of Russia among representatives of different ethnic groups are required.
Ferroptosis determinants - potential therapeutic targets glioblastoma stem cells
Authors: Shevchenko V. E. , Nikiforova Z. N. , Kushnir T. I. , Kudryavtsev I. A. , Mitrofanov A. A. , Bekyashev A. Kh. , Arnotskaya N. E.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme remains little effective due to the rapidly developing recurrence of the tumor, due to its high tumorigenic potential, resistance to chemoradiation therapy and increased dissemination of glioma stem cells. The identification of potential therapeutic targets, which make it possible to more effectively destroy glioma stem cells, becomes topical. In this regard, the study of ferroptosis (FP), which can cause the death of tumor cells with a highly malignant phenotype, is of great importance. However, FP and its regulatory pathways in the GSC are not fully understood. At present, it is also not clear how FP differs for glioma stem cells and glioblastoma differentiated cells.

Aim. To study the expression of ferroptosis signaling cascade determinants in CD133+ glioma stem cells and CD133- glioblastoma differentiated cells using high resolution proteomic mass spectrometry.

Materials and methods. High-resolution proteomic mass spectrometry, cell technologies.

Results. In total, 1970 proteins were identified, 15 of which are associated with ferroptosis and are present in both cell populations. Upregulation of 12 FP determinants (ACSL1, ACSL3, COPZ1, FTH1, FTL, GPX1, GPX4, PCBP1, SLC3A2, TFRC, VDAC1, VDAC2) was found in CD133+ glioblastoma stem cells compared to CD133- differential glioblastoma cells, 10 of which were more than 2-fold overexpressed.

Conclusion. Important regularities have been established in the expression of ferroptosis determinants and proteins controlling this process in glioma stem cells, which can be used in the development of new approaches to the detection of potential targets for the therapy of glioblastoma multiforme.
Collective Defense Strategies: tactics to mitigate suffering in nurse’s hospital work
Authors: Cruz Élissa Jôse Erhardt Rollemberg , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira , Lisboa Márcia Tereza Luz
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Qualitative, descriptive study that had as object the defense collective strategies made by assistance nurses in order to mitigate the suffering that comes from hospital work organization. Objective: To characterize the defense collective strategies made by nurses at medical and surgical clinics context. Methodology: The study scenario was a University Hospital, the individuals were 25 nurses and the data collection techniques were: semi-structured interview and observation. The analysis method was based in the hermeneutic-dialectic that has showed the following categories: defensive strategies made by assistance nurse collective. Main Results: The analysis showed twelve defense collective strategies that the nurse use to mitigate and/or occult the suffering came from work organization. Conclusions: It was stated that the referred strategies can be interesting tactics against the suffering since they allow the nurse to keep on working without getting physically and psychologically sick, it means, to resist working organization pressures without experiencing classic pathologic processes. Thus, they can be characterized as a factor that results in alienation, hiding the real comprehension of work context.
Isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of dye removal from aqueous solutions using chestnut shell
Authors: GEMİCİ Betül Tuba , ÖZDEN Aybüke
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada, kestane kabuğu kullanılarak sulu çözeltilerden kristal viyole boyar maddesinin giderimi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, başlangıç boyar madde derişimi, adsorbent dozajı, temas süresi, pH ve sıcaklık gibi parametrelerin adsorpsiyon performansı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, artan sıcaklık ve adsorbent dozajı ile giderim verimi artmıştır. Başlangıç boyar madde derişimi arttığında ise giderim veriminin azaldığı görülmüştür. Denge adsorpsiyon verileri kullanılarak yapılan izoterm çalışmalarında en iyi sonuç Langmuir izoterminde elde edilmiş ve optimize edilmiş koşullarda maksimum boyar madde adsorpsiyon kapasitesi 48.78 mg/g olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yalancı birinci dereceden ve yalancı ikinci dereceden kinetik modeller kullanılarak kinetik çalışmalar yapılmış ve yalancı ikinci dereceden kinetik modelin en uygun model olduğu tespit edilmiştir (R2>0.99). Termodinamik parametreler (ΔGo, ΔHo, ΔSo) adsorpsiyon işleminin uygulanabilir, kendiliğinden gerçekleşen ve endotermik olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca adsorpsiyon öncesi ve sonrası için FTIR analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, sulu çözeltilerden kristal viyolenin uzaklaştırılması için alternatif ve düşük maliyetli bir malzeme olarak kestane kabuğunun kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
On Phoinix (Φοίνιξ) and Its Distinguishing Marks: A Karian “Type Site” or a Demos to Hellenistic Kamiros?
Authors: Oğuz-Kırca E. D.
Published: October 2022

The oldest known inhabitants of Taşlıca (Bozburun Peninsula, in Southwestern Turkey), recorded as Phoinix in the inscriptions, were the Tloioi people. In the light of the ancient Greek corpus reported especially from the site of Fenaket (namely Rumevlek, forming the core of the dwelling zone) and the Classical wall ruins at the Acropolis, it is understood that the village has been systematically occupied since the 5th century BC. The settlement, which grew as a dominion of Kamiros as of the 3rd century BC, expanded its territory in the NE-SW axis over the centuries. Although Phoinix’s chess-board system of insulae of the megara offers parallels with Kamiros, owing to its Hellenistic-style plan and layout, it contains clues to far more ancient codes. In this study, besides being greatly equated with the Hellenistic period, Phoinix’s identity in the historical process, which gives indications of her Karianism, is discussed with the help of selective materials, basically authentic architecture tracked over the region. Apparently, the pyramidal monoliths were not unique to Phoinix; however, the Tloans, like the other neighboring komai on the mainland, seem to have managed to keep their traditions of communication with the “other world” through such features. Hence, these monoliths, which evoke the ziggurat morphology or the famous Mausoleum at Halicarnassus to connect to the afterworld, must have been the typical manifestations of the Karian mentality, sufficiently reflected by the aboriginal communities, however inevitably overshadowed by the grandest architectural projects of the Hekatomnid dynasty.
Perception of an Ambivalent Other Under Conditions of Contrasting Pre-Stimulation
Authors: Baleva M.V.
Published: October 2022

Objective. Pre-stimulus effects of extreme personal valence on the perception of an ambivalent person.Background. The purpose of modern information technologies is not only to inform, but also to form certain views and opinions. These technologies are used in the media space, as well as in other areas of social interaction. The effects of behavioral conditioning, or priming, play an important role in the perception construction. At the same time, the question of the factors leading to its direct (assimilative) and inverse (contrast) effects remains poorly understood. Thus, any forecast of behavioral reactions in vivo becomes too imprecise.Study design. During the experiment, participants watched video interviews with a target object (male or female), who answered the Short Dark Triad questions, demonstrating the ambivalence of dark features. In two experimental groups, the perception of the target object was preceded by the presentation of an extremely “bad” or extremely “good” personality. In the control group, the target object was presented without pre-stimulus exposure. After viewing, the participants completed the Target Attitude Scale. The data were processed using ANOVA. Additionally, the effects of gender on the attitude variable were monitored.Participants. The sample consisted of 608 students from 17 to 35 years old (M=20.17, SD=1.53), including 173 men (28%) and 435 women (72%).Measurements. Short Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M.S. Egorova et al., The Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object by S.A. Shchebetenko et al.Results. The general attitude towards an ambivalent object, measured by the Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object, becomes significantly more positive after presentation of a negative pre-stimulus, compared to the control and a positive pre-stimulus conditions (p<0.001). In the male sample, there is no significant effect of a negative pre-stimulus on the perception of a woman with an ambivalent representation of dark features (p>0.10).Conclusions. Pre-stimulus of extreme intensity can determine the contrast effect not only in perception of abstract object, but also in perception of ambivalent person. It is shown that the preliminary presentation of an extremely negative person shifts the assessment of the ambivalent person upward. An extremely positive person pre-stimulus does not make the same effect. The effect of a negative pre-stimulus is significant in the perception of men by women, but does not extend to the perception of women by men.
The Organizational Cynicism Scale: an Adaptation on the Russian-Speaking Sample
Authors: Pavlova M.V. , Dzyubenko M.M. , Nartova-Bochaver S.K.
Published: October 2022

Objective. An adaptation of the Russian version of the Organizational Cynicism Scale, which has been used worldwide for more than twenty years.Background. Life in organizations is one of the most important aspects of human social life. The challenges of maintaining organizational resilience and a healthy organizational culture, as well as considering the needs of workers and respecting their personality and psychological well-being, require reliable, valid, convenient, and concise tools for assessing the working environment. The Organizational Cynicism Scale is one of the most authoritative methods for dealing with these problems.Study design. The study was conducted according to the correlation plan; the data was collected online using the 1ka.si service.Participants. The study sample included 424 respondents: 296 women (69,80%), 128 men (30,20%). Age from 19 to 84 years (Mage=40). Average experience of respondents — 16,76 years; predominantly Russian citizens (N=385; 90%), representatives of various professional fields.Measurements. We used the target methodology — the scale of organizational cynicism and auxiliary methodology — the scale of commitment to the office. EFA and CFA, examining reliability due to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and correlation analysis were used. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS programs were used for data processing.Results. Good results of CFA have indicated the structure identical to the original one (three subscales — Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral aspects of organizational cynicism). The structural, convergent and partially content validity of the scale was confirmed. There were no gender differences in the scale scores; there is a negative age trend found.Conclusions. The Russian-language adaptation of the Organizational Cynicism Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be recommended for solving various problems of organizational psychology.
Microstrip Patch Antenna Parameter Optimization Prediction Model using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Tiwari Rovin , Sharma Raghavendra , Dubey Rahul
Published: October 2022

Microstrip patch antenna (MPA) plays key role in the wireless communication. The research is continuing going to design and optimization of the antenna for various advance application such as 5G and IOT. Artificial intelligence based techniques such as machine learning is also capable to optimize the parameter values and make prediction model based on the given dataset. This research paper shows the machine learning based techniques to optimize the microstrip patch antenna parameters with the performance improvement in terms of accuracy, Mean Squared Error, and Mean Absolute Error. The antenna optimization process may be greatly accelerated using this data-driven simulation technique. Additionally, the advantages of evolutionary learning and dimensionality reduction methods in antenna performance analysis are discussed. To analyze the antenna bandwidth and improve the performance parameters is the main concern of this work.
Types, Nature and Defects of System Connections of the Legislative Norms on Administrative Offenses
Authors: Malakhov S. A.
Published: October 2022

The relevance of the problem under consideration is predetermined by a large number of changes in the legislation on administrative offenses, which has become one of the factors of the appearance of contradictions, negative assessments by the legal community of the state of the current legislation on administrative offenses and the ongoing process of reforming the legislation on administrative offenses. The purpose of the study is to determine the types and nature of systemic relationships between the norms of legislation on administrative offenses. The object of the study is the system of administrative offenses legislation. The subject of the study is the interrelated norms of law, the types, nature and defects of some relationships. The study used a combination of general scientific, special and private scientific methods of cognition of legal phenomena, a special role is given to the systematic approach. In the course of the study, it is noted that violations of the interrelationships of the norms of the legislation of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses (defects) generate uncertainty in the legal regulation of administrative responsibility and contribute to the appearance of errors in the practice of implementing the norms of law. The paper provides the classification of interrelations of norms and examines defects in them (collisions, unjustified competition and duplication of norms, legal gaps). The author proposes possible ways of eliminating some defects. It is concluded that the introduction of amendments (additions) to the administrative and tort legislation, the development and adoption of a new one should be analyzed and the nature of the interrelationship of its normative content should be considered.
Legal Regulation of Relations Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Shakhnazarov B. A.
Published: October 2022

Artificial intelligence systems constitute the most important tool for overcoming modern challenges the society is facing, including at the international level. With the help of artificial intelligence, the solution of a number of social, economic and other problems is simplified. The systematic use of artificial intelligence in specific activities generates a number of specific legal problems. The paper examines problems of implementing various relations using artificial intelligence, including procedures ensuring the rights of citizens, creating the results of intellectual activity and NFT tokens. Particular attention is focused on the need to adopt harmonizing acts, such as the Model Convention on Robotics and Artificial Intelligence, the main purpose of which is to formulate approaches to regulating relations using artificial intelligence and subsequently adopt a single internationally unified act. The author analyzes the problems of the legal personality of artificial intelligence and the current legislation of Russia and the EU in the sphere of relations under consideration. Denying the independent legal personality of AI, the author notes that a special form of organization of AI activities can be perceived in legislation in the presence of separate property, monetary funds with the mandatory designation of persons controlling the activities of AI, in accordance with established legislation, including through the proposal of a new special organizational and legal form of a legal entity — a society organizing the activities of the artificial intelligence system or a society responsible for the activities of the artificial intelligence system.
Possession as a Condition of Passive Legitimization in a Vindication Claim
Authors: Malbin D. A.
Published: October 2022

A vindication claim is one of the classic ways to protect property rights. Since, according to the construction of the vindication claim, the property is being destroyed as a result of someone else’s illegal possession, passive legitimization of the claim is associated with possession. At the same time, the question of who is the owner of the thing is controversial for the purposes of the claim. In the legal literature, the opinion has been confirmed about the applicability of the theory of possession (possessio civilis) to possession in the institute of vindication claim, which gives grounds to believe that not only the actual owner of the thing as the direct owner of the thing, but also the person who transferred the thing into temporary possession, as an indirect owner, is passively legitimized by the claim. This approach should be criticized, since possession in the vindication claim should be understood as the actual possession of a thing, and therefore the theory of direct and indirect possession is not applicable. Passively legitimized by a vindication claim is only the actual owner of the thing, as a person who does not fulfill a subjective duty owed to the owner.
Experimental and Kinetic Study of the Effect of using Zr- and Pt-loaded Metals on Y-zeolite-based Catalyst to Improve the Products of n-heptane Hydroisomerization Reactions
Authors: Khalaf Younus H. , Al-Zaidi Bashir Y. Sherhan , Shakour Zaidoon M.
Published: October 2022

The escalating cost of Pt metal has prompted researchers to incorporate other metals into Pt/catalysts to reduce the amount of Pt. In this work, several bimetallic Pt-Zr/HY-zeolite catalysts were prepared by incorporating small amounts of the inexpensive Zr into the Pt/HY-zeolite to form an active and selective catalyst. Results showed that although half of the required platinum metal was used, the catalytic activity of the prepared Pt-Zr/HY bimetallic catalyst was higher than that of the monometallic (Pt or Zr)/HY catalysts, as a result of the improved Lewis acidity of that catalyst that resulted from the addition of the Zr metal; additionally, the branched alkanes' yield also increased. The optimum catalyst was bimetallic, containing 0.5 wt% Pt + 0.5 wt% Zr, which achieved the highest yield of isomers at 70.2 mol%, along with 82.61 and 84.98 mol% for conversion and selectivity, respectively, under 1 MPa and 250°C reaction conditions. In addition, the hydroisomerization reaction kinetic model was achieved, giving good predicted results in agreement with the experimental calculations, with an acceptable relative error. It was found that lower activation energies (about 44.5 kJ/mol) were needed for olefin hydrogenation to iso-paraffins, while higher activation energies were required for i-paraffin hydrocracking (about 138.1kJ/mol).
Antecedents and Origins of The Circular Economy Research Area in The History of Economic Thought
Authors:   MGIMO University, Kuznetsova Daria S.
Published: October 2022

As the circular economy is gaining momentum in the UN Decade of Action for Sustainable Development, recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the history of environmental economic thought. Although the iterative development of the circular economy concepts and schools of thought, including “spaceship economics”, industrial ecology, performance economy, Cradle to Cradle philosophy, and biomimicry, dates back only to the 1970s, today’s circular framework is the product of many centuries of economic theory. While most of the research on the topic has been sporadic and fragmented, the present study takes a holistic approach to provide a comprehensive chronological survey. Based on retrospective analysis, the paper reviews the key relevant economic ideas from the 16th century onwards that contributed to the theoretical understanding of the circular economy. It sheds light on the legacy of the classical tradition, particularly the physiocratic school and the Malthusianism, and the neoclassical theory, including the establishment of environmental economics as a separate subdiscipline and the evolution of ecological economics, among other things, which shaped an integrated circular economy approach in a postparadigmatic period. The research findings suggest that the emergence of modern environmental and natural resource economics in the 1960s–70s as well as the rise of green growth thinking in a diversified policy discourse after the 2008– 2009 Great Recession facilitated the development of the circular economy field and led to the promotion of the circular economy within the global sustainability context since the 2010s. Highlighting the antecedents and origins of the circular economy research area, along with the rationale behind the adoption of a restorative and regenerative economic system, these results incorporate the circular framework into the body of existing knowledge and help to capture the essence of the circular economy.
Price Regulation Under Sanctions: International Experience
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Balatsky Evgeny V. , Ekimova Natalia A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Yurevich Maxim A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The object of the article is price shocks in Russia resulting from international sanctions imposed in connection with military action in Ukraine. The aim of the paper is to examine the most useful international experience of administrative price regulation for vital commodities. In particular, the study describes price control in India, China, Kyrgyzstan, Venezuela, Iran, Bolivia, Saudi Arabia, as well as in Russia itself. The synthesis of regulatory practices forms the basis of a generalised scheme, taking into account the stages, scale, timing and methods of government intervention. Furthermore, the need to combine static and dynamic price regulation for different product groups is stressed. Among the countries considered, the most interesting and original experience is that of India's regulation of corporate stocks (e.g. retail chains) to give rhythmic sales and the practice of marking the Maximum Retail Price (MRP) for certain types of goods. The authors argue for the possibility of adjusting the utility price index to account for sharp spikes in inflation in the initial period of sanctions, and for reducing the operational period for monitoring prices for decision-making from 60 to 30 days.
Cluster Approach to The Economic System Tourism Security
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Stasev Mikhail A. , Kumova Daria M. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: October 2022

Effective interaction of business process participants with state-owned enterprises has a positive effect on the creation of a cluster. So tourism represents the sphere of active interaction of the constituent industry components: education, culture, science, economy, politics, security, etc. This interaction is of no small importance not only for society, but also for the state as a whole. The cluster approach to the formation of the system of economic security of tourism makes it possible to determine the level of quality of socio-economic development of the region. Also, using the example of the selected main factors, it is possible to determine the tourist attractiveness of the area in question, with the aim of further assessing the development of tourism. Such an analysis will make it possible to form in the context of economic security the main problems and solutions that will reduce the number of risks and restrictions. Such measures will further contribute to the effective development of the tourism sector.
Advantages of Micropulse Technology as a Method of Choice for the Treatment of Secondary Glaucoma in Patients with Corneal Diseases
Authors: Sidorova A. V. , Starostina A. V. , Pecherskaia M. A. , Stefankova K. A.
Published: October 2022

Postkeratoplasty glaucoma develops after cornea transplantation in 10–53 % cases. For ophthalmotonus stabilization in patients, it was proposed to use micropulse laser surgery.

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of micropulse laser surgery in patients with secondary refractory glaucoma after keratoplasty.

Patients and methods. The study included 27 eyes after different types of keratoplasty. The average level of intraocular pressure was 33.2 ± 3.7 mmHg, the average number of hypotensive drops was 2.9 ± 0.7. Visual acuity varied from incorrect light perception to 0.3 with correction. Micropulse laser treatment was performed with the standard settings and a power of 2800 mW.

Results. On the first day after laser surgery, 24 patients had a decrease in IOP by an average of 24 % to 25.6 ± 3.3 mmHg. Three patients had a reactive increase in IOP by an average of 5 % to 33–36 mmHg. After 12 months of follow-up, the average IOP level was 24.9 ± 1.8 on the hypotensive drops, a decrease of IOP was 24.5 %, the number of hypotensive drops was reduced to 2.1 ± 0.7. In 6 cases, an increase in visual acuity by 1–2 lines was diagnosed due to a decrease in corneal edema. In 3 cases, 1–2 months after laser surgery, patients underwent second transplantation of the Descemet membrane. However, in 2 patients, an IOP increased again to 27–30 mmHg, and it was decided to conduct a repeated micropulse surgery with a power of 2800 mW. When observed for up to 3 months, IOP respond to the target level and averaged 18-20 mmHg. Using ultrasound biomicroscopy, the dynamics of changes in the thickness of the ciliary body was followed in all patients, the average thickness before surgery was 0.56 ± 0.11 mm. After 12 months, there was no statistical difference with the preoperative thickness, the average values were 0.55 ± 0.10 mm, the safety of its main structures was noted.

Conclusion. Micropulse cyclophotocoagulation is an effective and safe method of treating secondary refractory glaucoma in the eyes both before keratoplasty and after repeated cornea transplantation, which opens up new prospects in the treatment of glaucoma combined with corneal diseases.
Machine Learning Methods in the Comparative Evaluation of Various Approaches to the Surgical Treatment of Primary Angle Closure
Authors: Kurysheva N. I. , Pomerantsev A. L. , Rodionova O. Ye. , Sharova G. A.
Published: October 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the application of the principal component analysis (PCA) and DD-SIMCA in a comparative analysis of the surgical treatment of primary angle closure.

Material and methods. The prospective study included 90 patients. Group 1 — 30 patients with primary angle closure (PAC) with planned laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI). Group 2 — 30 patients with PAC, with planned phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (PE+IOL). Group 3 — 30 eyes without ophthalmic pathology. All subjects underwent SS-OCT. Thirty-seven parameters were analyzed, including intraocular pressure, choroidal thickness in the macula, anterior chamber depth, lens vault, iris curvature and thickness, angle opening distance, and iridotrabecular space at 500 µm and 750 µm from the scleral spur. Since all these parameters correlate with each other, machine learning methods were used: PCA and the DD-SIMCA one-class classification method. For this purpose graphs of scores and loads in the PCA model for groups 1 and 2 were plotted. In the score plot, patients with PAC with average and extreme eye parameters were identified, and in the loading plot, relationships between the parameters of patients with PM were used to analyze correlations in the future. In the DD-SIMCA method, group 1 is taken as representatives of the target class.

Results. A classification model based on 2 principal components with a given type I error α = 0.01 demonstrated a sensitivity of 100 % for patients in its own group and a sensitivity of 93 % for patients in group 2. These results confirm similarity of group 1 and group 2. The specificity for the control group was 100 %, and this group located far from the target group.

Conclusion. Machine learning methods make it possible to compare groups with multivariate and correlated parameters. PCA allows the identification of patients with extreme parameters and the evaluation of correlations between multiple parameters. DDSIMCA confirms the validity of comparing the results of treatment with LPI and FE + IOL.
The Prognostic Value of Neuregulin-1β in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Zhbanov K. A. , Shchendrygina A. A. , Salakheeva E. Yu. , Sokolova I. Ya. , Agadzhanyan A. A. , Zheleznykh E. A. , Zektser V. Yu. , Privalova E. V. , Belenkov Yu. N.
Published: October 2022

Aim      To determine the neuregulin-1β concentration in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and the association of this biomarker with the functional status of patients, echocardiographic parameters of the structural and functional condition of the heart, and the risk of unfavorable outcome.

Material and methods  This observational, prospective study included 47 patients with HFpEF; 32 (68%) of them were females. Mean age was 70 [66–77] years, EF was 57 [56; 58] %. The group of healthy volunteers consisted of 40 people; 32 (55 %) of them were females; mean age was 56 [53–61] years. For all patients, the functional status was evaluated (6-min walk test, 6MWT); standard echocardiography (EchoCG) was performed; and concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and neuregulin-1β were measured. The follow-up period was two years. Cases of cardiovascular (CV) death and hospitalizations for decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF) were recorded.

Results Median concentration of neuregulin-1β was 0.969 [0.348; 1.932] ng/ml in the HFpEF group, which was significantly higher than 0.379 [0.195; 0.861] ng/ml in the group of healthy volunteers (р=0.003). Significant correlations between the neuregulin-1β concentration and the distance walked in 6MWT or with EchoCG parameters of left ventricular diastolic function were not found. Mean observation time was 456 [244; 730] days. 21 outcomes were observed, including 2 CV deaths and 19 hospitalizations for CHF. Patients with high concentrations of neuregulin-1β (≥Me) had a greater frequency of hospitalizations for CHF (Log-rank, p=0.046) and a higher risk of this outcome (risk ratio, 1.30; 95 % confidence interval, 1.01–1.66; p=0.037).

Conclusion      Patients with HFpEF had increased concentrations of neuregulin-1β. High levels of neuregulin-1β were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for decompensated CHF.