bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I Tipi psicologici fra tradizione, controversie e modernità
Authors: Bernardini Riccardo
Published: July 2024

Dall'edizione di Tipi psicologici (1921) in poi, letteratura ed epistolari hanno contribuito a chiarire come la tipologia fosse tutto fuorché il principale interesse di Carl Gustav Jung. Quest'ultimo ne riconosceva il valore in quanto apparato critico per vagliare il materiale empirico, piuttosto che tentativo di tipizzare le coscienze. È proprio la capacità euristica dei tipi a giustificarne l'odierno utilizzo in ambito psicoterapeutico e analitico. Paradossalmente, è invece la loro sistematizzazione come "caratterologia" a decretarne il successo anche al di fuori dei contesti clinici e, dagli anni '20 in poi, l'enorme diffusione a ogni latitudine, rendendo la teoria via via più rilevante a fini valutativi, formativi e orientativi. Dal 1942 a oggi, vengono realizzati numerosi tentativi psicometrici ispirati alla tipologia junghiana, derivati, congruenti o divergenti dal Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Se la teoria va sempre più sofisticandosi dal punto di vista metodologico, essa sembra però adombrare pressoché tutte le preoccupazioni filosofiche, letterarie e culturali care a Jung, come rilevato da James Hillman in un intervento tenuto a Eranos nel 1976, Le tipologie egualitarie versus la percezione dell'unicità.
Intervista ad Augusto Romano
Authors: Franchitti Valentino , Tartari Manuela
Published: July 2024

Riportiamo l'intervista fatta ad Augusto Romano, analista junghiano, socio ordinario della International Association for Analytical Psychology e analista didatta della Associazione Italiana di Psicologia Analitica. Ha insegnato Fondamenti di psicologia analitica nell'Università di Torino. Ha pubblicato numerosi volumi saggistici, tra cui Madre di morte (2000), Il flâneur all'inferno (2006), Studi sull'ombra (in collaborazione con M. Trevi) (2010), Il sogno del prigioniero (2013), L'inconscio a Torino (2017), Musica e psiche (2021), per i tipi di Nino Aragno ha pubblicato il romanzo La manutenzione dell'amore (2016) e, per i tipi dell'editore Manni, il volume di poesie La memoria interrotta (2024).
L'Internal Auditing nel Servizio Sanitario Nazionale: l'esperienza della Regione Veneto e della Regione Emilia-Romagna
Authors: Langella Cecilia , Vannini Ilaria Elisa , Marciacano Milena , Persiani Niccolò
Published: July 2024

Negli ultimi anni, in particolare a seguito del percorso attuativo della certificabilità, gli enti e le aziende del Servizio Sanitario Nazionale hanno prestato crescente attenzione al disegno, all'implementazione e all'affinamento del proprio Sistema di Controllo Interno. La diffusione di una cultura del controllo sia esterno sia interno ha portato in diversi casi all'istituzione di un servizio di Internal Auditing (di seguito IA) come garante di tale sistema di controlli. Il presente contributo approfondisce le modalità attuative della funzione di IA negli enti e nelle aziende del Servizio Sanitario Nazionale attraverso un'analisi di casi studio delle esperienze regionali che per prime si sono mosse in questa direzione e che risultano più significative, Regione Veneto e Regione Emilia-Romagna. Di ciascuna sono esaminate e poi raffrontate le principali variabili della funzione di IA approfondite dalla dottrina e precisamente: i ruoli, le tipologie e i processi di audit, le variabili organizzative e le caratteristiche delle risorse umane impiegate nella funzione. Ne emergono due modalità attuative tra loro distinte che, seppur condizionate dai rispettivi contesti di riferimento, contengono anche interessanti punti di contatto e significativi spunti di riflessione per le altre Regioni che si stanno avviando in tale percorso di implementazione della funzione di IA.
Psicologia & salute come chiasmo professionale
Authors: Scaratti Giuseppe
Published: July 2024

Il contributo intercetta due nodi cruciali evidenziati dal paper oggetto di discussione, proponendo la messa a fuoco di un chiasmo tra psicologia e salute. Dopo lo sviluppo delle implicazioni connesse al significato di salute, all'articolazione plurale della professione psicologica e al rapporto con i contesti operativi di riferimento, viene proposta la prospettiva di uno sguardo processuale-organizzativo in grado di sostenere processi di ibridazione professionale e di competenze connesse all'abitare organizzazioni adhocratiche.
Il diritto alla salute del corpo e della mente: quale contributo della psicologia?
Authors: Di Nuovo Santo
Published: July 2024

Partendo dal presupposto che la salute è un diritto per tutti i cittadini, e che il concetto di salute è esteso ben oltre la cura delle patologie ma riguarda il benessere e la qualità di vita, va specificato quale sia il contributo che la psicologia può offrire per assicurare questo diritto. Vengono esposti gli obiettivi e i contesti degli interventi del professionista psicologo impegna-to nella promozione della salute e nella prevenzione del disagio, nel Servizio Sanitario pubblico e al di fuori di esso, nonché le modalità per assicurare allo psicologo una formazione adeguata a perseguire questi obiettivi.
Una malattia chiamata "salute"
Authors: Lucidi Fabio
Published: July 2024

Gli organismi internazionali riconoscono che l'attenzione della psicologia della salute va rivolta sui fattori biopsicosociali capaci di influenzare la messa in atto di comportamenti salutogenetici. Conoscere e agire su questi fattori permetterebbe di salvare un numero considerevo-le di vite umane, se è vero che gli stili di vita costituiscono il principale fattore di protezione o, in prospettiva inversa, di rischio modificabile rispetto alla costruzione del proprio benessere e all'insorgenza delle patologie croniche, oggi al primo posto fra le malattie come impatto su mortalità e spesa sanitaria. Queste prassi professionali, tipiche della professione di psicologo e non ancorate alla psicoterapia, nel contesto italiano vengono spesso trascurate quando non esplicitamente neglette. Il risultato appare come una perdita di identità della psicologia della salute e di opportunità per la professione di psicologo. Le attese per la diffusione di uno psicologo di base chiamato a svolgere tali attività nell'ambito dell'assistenza sanitaria primaria ri-schiano di essere frustrate laddove la lente sulla base della quale selezionare queste figure sia quella della formazione nella cura della psicopatologia. Andare in questa direzione vorrebbe dire rinunciare ancora una volta a focalizzare l'attenzione sulla salute che non solo non è assenza di malattia, ma nemmeno va affrontata come la malattia.
Psicologia della Salute e Servizi: l'urgenza di un rilancio strategico a partire dai dati del IV Monitor
Authors: Celata Corrado
Published: July 2024

I dati del IV monitor stimolano la riflessione di chi opera nel campo della Psicologia della salute e della programmazione e organizzazione di servizi e politiche per la salute, invitando alla riflessione sulla distanza esistente fra la dimensione ideale di questo campo di lavoro e ciò che dichiarano i professionisti attivi sul campo. Per puntare a un effettivo rilancio di quest'ambito disciplinare è urgente rivisitare in prospettiva salutogenica set e setting dei contesti professionali, formativi e organizzativi in cui lo Psicologo della Salute opera, si forma, si aggiorna e si confronta con le altre figure professionali in campo per rispondere ai bisogni complessi emergenti nel contesto contemporaneo.
La supervisione in psicoterapia della Gestalt: la prospettiva situazionale come antidoto contro la vergogna
Authors: Spagnuolo Lobb Margherita
Published: July 2024

L'articolo attinge ai vari studi gestaltici sulla supervisione, evidenziando come ciascuno di essi applichi i principi della psicoterapia della Gestalt. Tuttavia, la svolta umanistica che colloca il rapporto paziente/terapeuta nella paritarietà esistenziale non trova una chiara applicazione negli esempi di supervisione gestaltica, nel cui sfondo rimane lo scarto tra chi sa di più e chi sa di meno, come definizione epistemologica della relazione di supervisione. L'autrice propone dunque di rivedere il concetto di supervisione in psicoterapia della Gestalt come riconoscimento dell'intenzionalità terapeutica del supervisionato, all'interno del campo fenomenologico co-creato da supervisore e supervisionato. Nella pratica, il supervisore applicherà questo concetto facendo chiarezza su ciò che il supervisionato già sa sul paziente, dal punto di vista diagnostico, anamnestico, estetico e relazionale, e sostenendo le intenzionalità del terapeuta e del paziente, che formano il campo fenomenologico, o situazione di supervisione. L'autrice propone a questo punto delle linee guida per i supervisori, per concretizzare questa prospettiva nella pratica clinica.
La supervisione gestaltica in età evolutiva
Authors: Tosi Silvia
Published: July 2024

L'obiettivo di questo articolo è di dare attenzione alla supervisione della psicoterapia con bambini e adolescenti. Infatti, nonostante la supervisione sia una parte di vitale importanza della formazione clinica in psicoterapia infantile, non sembra esistere molta letteratura in proposito. In particolare, si vuole qui sottolineare la specificità del lavoro clinico con i minori, che ci chiama ad una maggiore responsabilità sia per la giovane età dei pazienti, sia per la molteplicità degli elementi del campo in cui ci muoviamo, come terapeuti e come supervisori. Viene di seguito presentato un caso di supervisione che mostra la complessità del lavoro con i minori, il bisogno di confrontarsi con diversi attori, la delicatezza dell'incontro con il piccolo paziente, la necessità di lavorare dentro e fuori il setting. Attraverso la descrizione del caso clinico, verrà illustrato come lavorare in supervisione attraverso i livelli di riconoscimento del modello di Spagnuolo Lobb (2024). Tale modello ci consente sia di includere la complessità della situazione in cui minore e terapeuta sono inseriti, sia di sostenere, attraverso il riconoscimento, le risorse e l'intuito del terapeuta.
Role conflicts and management strategies in social workers working for refugees
Authors: Zamperini Adriano , N'Guessan Priscilla , De Vincenzo Ciro , Menegatto Marialuisa
Published: July 2024

The article presents a qualitative study of the relational dimension of the social work practice with asylum seekers and refugees. The aim of the research is to explore how a group of social workers working with asylum seekers and refugees represent their relationship with users and how they construct this relational work. In Italy, the social workers' practice is performed by workers with different educational backgrounds, as it is not a juridically recognised job with its theoretical and operative background. In this study, 20 social workers working with asylum seekers and refugees employed in the asylum accommodation centres of the Extraordinary Reception Centres system and the Protection System for Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Northern Italy participated in semi-structured interviews. From the results of the thematic analysis of the interviews, which applied a bottom-up coding strategy, it emerged that social workers describe their relationship with users as a means of intervention (goal-oriented relationship) but also as a source of information (needs-centred relationship), a negotiation process and a source of emotional strain (emotionally demanding relationship). Furthermore, the construction of relational work requires social workers to take into account normative obligations and organisational lines (contextual frame) to refer to their role but also, at the same time, to their biographical background and personal resources to develop strategies. Therefore, social workers working with asylum seekers and refugees need to find a mediation between a personal approach to the relationship and a professional one (person-role balance).
Il tramonto delle aspirazioni unioniste dei Ba?th iracheno e siriano
Authors: Primavera Mauro
Published: July 2024

Il contributo intende analizzare i tentativi unionisti tra Siria e Iraq compiuti dal partito Ba?th in nome del panarabismo;; progetti ambiziosi che, pur motivati da solidi fondamenti storici e culturali, mostravano, tanto a livello ideologico quanto organizzativo, notevoli lacune e fragilità che, col passare del tempo, avrebbero contribuito al fallimento finale dell'immaginato stato panarabo. Dopo aver accennato al ruolo cruciale dei movimenti proto-­nazionalisti presenti nella regione liminale di Dayr el-­Zor e i contributi ideologici di Sa?i? al-­?u?ri, il saggio ripercorre l'ascesa della corrente panarabista in Iraq nel periodo interbellico, soffermandosi su nascita e affermazione del Ba?th in Siria e Iraq. Si esaminerà, poi, la posizione del partito dapprima sul progetto unionista della Mezzaluna Fertile, e in seguito su quello della Repubblica Araba Unita, ossia l'unione statuale tra Egitto e Siria proclamata nel febbraio 1958 che segnò l'apogeo del panarabismo ma che, al tempo stesso, gettò le premesse per il suo fallimento. In conclusione, si menzioneranno gli Accordi tripartiti tra Iraq, Siria ed Egitto del 1963, ultimo concreto tentativo unionista, e la Carta di Azione Nazionale tra Baghdad e Damasco del 1978, redatta su presupposti e contingenze geopolitiche assai differenti dai progetti precedenti.
Primacía visual II: transferencia ante el cambio de la modalidad del estímulo y el modo lingüístico
Authors: Varela Julio ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Martínez Munguía Carlos , Padilla M. Antonia , Avalos María Luisa , Quevedo María del C. , Lepe Alejandra , Zepeda Idania , Jiménez Bernardo ,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Escuela Activa Integral A.C.
Published: July 2024

Se entrenó a 90 sujetos de distintos grados escolares mediante el procedimiento de igualación de la muestra de segundo orden con demora cero. El entrenamiento consistió en la identificación de animales, objetos o vegetales. Las palabras se presentaron de manera visual (V). auditiva (A) o en ambas modalidades, generando seis arreglos de los estímulos de segundo orden, del estimulo muestra y de los estímulos de comparación. En las pruebas de transferencia se cambió la modalidad de los estímulos de manera que si en el entrenamiento un estimulo se presentó de manera visual, en las pruebas se presentó de manera auditiva o viceversa. Se incluyeron tres pruebas de transferencia con igual, menor o mayor número de estímulos auditivos que los presentados en el entrenamiento. Los resultados mostraron que tres alumnos de segundo grado, 10 de quinto grado y 11 de noveno grado lograron el criterio en el entrenamiento y en las pruebas, sobre todo cuando se incluyó un mayor número de estímulos visuales. Los estudiantes universitarios lograron el criterio independientemente de la condición a la que se les asignó y los entrenadores físicos se desempeñaron de manera semejante a los alumnos de noveno grado. El estudio enfatiza la primacía visual que tiene la modalidad de los estímulos en este tipo de tareas.
Análise dos efeitos de histórias experimentais sobre o seguimento subsequente de regras
Authors: de Albuquerque Luis Carlos ,   Universidade Federal do Pará, das Gracas de Souza Deisy , Matos Maria Amélia , Paiva Paracampo Carla Cristina ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos,   Universidade de São Paulo,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: July 2024

Investigando variáveis quepodeminterferir noseguimento de regras, foram conduzidos doisexperimentos. O Experimento I examinou os efeitos daexposição prévia à regra correspondente sobreo seguimento subseqüente deregra discrepante das contingências dereforço. Oll investigou os efeitos da exposição préviaa contingências de reforço programadas sobreo seguimento subseqüente de regras. Dezesseis universitários (oito em cada experimento) foram expostos a um procedimento de escolha segundo o modelo. Emcadatentativa, umestímulo modelo e trêsde comparação eram apresentados aoparticipante, que deveria apontar para os trêsde comparação, emseqüência. Cada estímulo de comparação possuía apenas uma dimensão - cor (C), espessura (E) ou forma (F) - em comum com o modelo e diferia nas demais. No Experimento I Condição I, os participantes foram expostos à regra correspondente (especificava que se o participante apontasse para os estímulos de comparação na seqüência CEF ele ganharia pontos trocáveis por dinheiro) e depois à regra discrepante das contingências de reforço (especificava FCE). Na Condição 2, foram expostos às regras discrepaote - correspondente - discrepante, nesta ordem. Nas duas condições, as seqüências CEF e EFC eram reforçadas em FR4. No Experimento II, outros participantes foram expostos a instruções mínimas na Fase I, à regra discrepante (especificava FCE) nas Fases 2 e 4 e à regra correspondente (especificava EFC) na Fase 3. Na Fase 1 a seqüência CEF era inicialmente reforçada em CRFe depois erafeita uma aproximação gradual ao valordo esquema FR4. Nas Fases 2, 3 e 4, a sequência CEF continuava sendo reforçada em FR 4. NFase 3 a sequência EFC também era reforçada em FR 4, concorrentemente com CEF. A emissão dequalquer outra seqüência não era reforçada. No Experimento I. todos os participantes seguiram regra. No Experimento II. A seqüênciaCEF for estabelecida em seis participantes na Fase 1. Destes, quatro seguiram e dois deixaram de seguir regra nas fases subseqüentes. Estes dois, ao deixarem deseguir regra, passaram a apresentar a seqüência CEF (previamente reforçada). Os resultados sugerem que o seguimento deregras discrepantes das contingências de reforço pode ser mantido também quando não é antecedido por uma história experimental de seguimento de regra correspondente e mesmo quando se demonstra controle pelas contingências de reforço antes daapresentação da regra ao ouvinte. Também sugerem que o controle exercido por uma história experimental de reforço do comportamento modelado por suas conseqüências pode substituir o controle subsequente por regras. Os resultados têm implicações para a distinção entre o comportamento controlado por regras e o controlado por contingências.
Sobre la explicación y su relación con los distintos modos de conocimiento
Authors: Ribes Iñesta Emilio ,   Universidad Veracruzana
Published: July 2024

Se examina críticamente la noción de explicación causal como paradigma de conocimiento genuino o verdadero. A diferencia de lo que plantean las tradiciones filosóficas empirista y racionalista, la palabra ‘causa’ es ajena al lenguaje de las ciencias ’naturales’. Las explicaciones con base en causas o razones cumplen funciones distintas en el lenguaje ordinario, y se emplean en situaciones particulares, nunca como universales o aplicaciones generales. Se propone que una explicación es hacer manifiestas las circunstancias que relacionan a entidades, acontecimientos y actos. Las explicaciones en el lenguaje ordinario son de naturaleza impersonal o interpersonal, en concordancia con contextos específicos. Se describen los diversos modos especiales de conocimiento institucional, sus criterios de proceder y de validación, así como las formas que adoptan las explicaciones en cada uno de dichos modos de conocimiento.
Campus Support Program Service Use by Students Who Experienced Foster Care, Relative Care, or Homelessness
Authors: Jackson Lisa , Schelbe Lisa , Geiger Jennifer , Schoborg Christopher
Published: July 2024

Campus support programs (CSPs) in higher education institutions seek to address the barriers encountered by students who experienced foster care or homelessness (SEFC/H). This mixed methods study of a CSP at Florida State University examined the SEFC/H’s service use and students’ perceptions of the CSP to better understand student experiences. Study participants included 54 CSP students who graduated between 2015 and 2020. They completed surveys at graduation and six months and one year post-graduation. Students reported service use and perceptions of the services’ helpfulness. They described what they valued in the CSP and what the CSP could have done to better prepare them for life after graduation. Findings show a high level of service use and perceptions of helpfulness. Students reported valuing the support; resources; physical space; sense of belonging, community, family, and home; growth and motivation; and success because of their CSP involvement. Areas where students believed the CSP could better prepare them for life after graduation included finances, graduate school, career planning, life skills, and connections. Implications for CSP include assisting SEFC/H with (a) planning and life skills, (b) financial literacy and money, and (c) mentors and connections.
Greenwashing or Going Green? An Empirical Analysis of the Drivers and the Effects of Carbon Offsets and Renewable Energy Certificates on Firm Performance
Authors: Hatalis Maria
Published: July 2024

Carbon offsets and renewable energy certificates (RECs) are widely used instruments that help firms mitigate their greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). This paper investigates which internal firm characteristics are associated with investments in carbon offsets or RECs and how these purchases impact firms’ performance. Based on data from publicly traded firms in North America and Europe from 2012-2022, this paper uses a propensity score matching approach to analyze the effects of these investments on firms’ environmental scores, GHG emissions, and financial performance. Additionally, this paper employs an instrumental variable approach to examine whether board gender diversity increases carbon offset or REC purchases. The findings reveal that firms that purchase carbon offsets or RECs face higher environmental scores and higher GHG emissions, suggesting corporate greenwashing behavior. This paper also demonstrates that these purchases lead to higher sales, profitability, and assets, but lower Tobin’s Q for REC buyers. Lastly, this paper finds that a greater presence of women on the board does not lead to greater purchases of carbon offsets or RECs.
A Critical Review of Executive Compensation Policies Grounded in ESG Principles
Authors: Ammel Nicholas , Boyer-Davis Stacy , Karki Mackenzie
Published: July 2024

High executive salaries often lead executives to prioritize short-term gains over long-term ESG benefits. This review explores how reducing executive compensation, influenced by environmental regulations, impacts innovation in sustainable technologies. As shareholders demand more ESG-focused models, the traditional compensation model is shifting to link compensation with environmental and social goals. The literature focuses on greenhouse gas emissions, employee satisfaction, and regulatory compliance. This review covers global ESG-based incentives, followed by country-specific approaches in China, France, Germany, India, Italy, South Africa, Sweden, and the United States. It concludes with alternative frameworks from financial institutions. Executives are more likely to engage in environmental initiatives when personal gains are tied to these goals. Equity-based incentives are favored over salary-based bonuses. Concepts like the parity pill aim to increase investor trust and transparency. As investors become more environmentally conscious, they expect companies to align with these values. Executives are encouraged to prioritize long-term sustainability over short-term personal gains.
Analysis of experience in the clinical use of dual-energy computed tomography in patients with undifferentiated arthritis
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Kuzmina Ya. I.
Published: July 2024

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is a radiation diagnostic method that is used in rheumatology to verify microcrystalline arthritis, but in Russia this method is little known and the experience of its use is rather scarce.

Objective of the research. To analyze the experience of using DECT in patients with undifferentiated arthritis and lesions of the axial skeleton in clinical practice.

Material and Methods. The retrospective study included 20 patients (14 men and 6 women) observed at the V. A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, who underwent DECT for diagnostic purposes. 13 patients with undifferentiated arthritis underwent DECT of peripheral joints to diagnose gout; 7 patients with an established diagnosis of gout (based on the 2015 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for gout) – to clarify the genesis of lesions to the axial joints and spine. The study was performed on a Siemens SOMATOM Definition Flash computed tomograph.

Results. Using DECT in patients with undifferentiated arthritis, deposits of monosodium urate crystals (MSUc) were detected in 7 out of 13 (54 %), which made it possible to verify the diagnosis of gout. In the second sample, 6 out of 7 patients (85 %) showed signs of MSUc deposition on DECT, which explained the genesis of the existing complaints. Among these 6 patients, in 1 person, DECT revealed the presence of MSUc and calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the shoulder joint, which made it possible to make two diagnoses at once – gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

Conclusion. DECT in patients with undifferentiated arthritis makes it possible to verify the diagnosis of gout in more than half of the cases (54 %). In 85 % of patients with gout and pain in the back and axial joints of unknown origin, urate deposits are detected according to DECT. This method may be a useful tool for identifying microcrystalline arthritis of the axial joints, but further research is needed to implement the method in routine practice.
Aspects of the use of modern injection disease-modifying therapy in real clinical practice in patients with osteoarthritis and (or) back pain
Authors: Baitimerov A. R. , Gilyazova D. R.
Published: July 2024

The results of a study on the effectiveness of the injectable chondroprotector Ambene® Bio in the treatment of patients with degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine and pain in the lower back are presented. The program involved 30 patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis and/ or spondyloarthritis, facet syndrome, osteochondrosis in the acute stage (severe symptoms: pain according to VAS 40–90 mm). All patients were prescribed the chondroprotector Ambene® Bio in the regimen of 2 ml every other day No. 10.

Results. During treatment with the injectable chondroprotector Ambene® Bio for 20 days, it was possible to significantly reduce the manifestations of the target nosologies, restore the ability to move and self-care, improve the psycho-emotional state of patients, while reducing the need for NSAIDs.

Conclusions. A short course of therapy with Ambene® Bio contributed to the effective treatment of study participants due to the synergism of the unique composition of biologically active substances. The study demonstrated a high safety profile and good tolerability of the therapy.
Kidney autotransplantation with renal arteries injury in a patient with Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Borodina I. E. , Popov A. A. , Fadin B. V. , Rzhannikov V. V. , Ageev A. N. , Shardina L. A.
Published: July 2024

Takayasu arteritis (AT) is a systemic vasculitis of large vessels. As a rule, AT develops in patients under 50 years of age and is characterized by vasculitis, often granulomatous, with a predominant lesion of the aorta and/or its main branches. The article describes a clinical case of a patient with bilateral lesions of the renal arteries caused by AT, who underwent kidney autotransplantation. The first manifestations of psoriasis in the patient occurred after psychological stress 15 years after surgery. The described clinical observation of multi-stage surgical treatment of Takayasu arteritis, which ended favorably, is presented by us in order to demonstrate the capabilities of modern medical technologies in both diagnosis and surgical treatment of multi-vessel lesions in Takayasu arteritis. The combination of AT and psoriasis is a rare pathology, the problems of diagnosis and treatment of which require further study.
The phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus as a factor in rational therapy choosing
Authors: Babaeva A. R. , Kalinina E. V. , Goloskova V. P.
Published: July 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations, which are defined as separate phenotypes of the disease. Despite the universality of immunopathological reactions, which are based on the formation of anti-nuclear antibodies and antibodies to native DNA, the spectrum and severity of immunological disorders in individual phenotypes are different. The role of type I interferons (IFN) in the SLE pathogenesis has now been proven. Hypersecretion of IFN-α and IFN-β leads to the production of antibodies against the components of the cell nucleus through activation of the native and adaptive immunity system. The current treatment strategy provides for achieving remission or low activity with immunosuppressants, including selective ones, such as biological agents. According to the updated international recommendations, anifrolumab, monoclonal antibodies against type I IFN, which has demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of SLE with skin-mucous and joint lesions., can be used for the treatment of SLE along with rituximab and belimumab. The article presents our own clinical observation on the analysis of the effecacy and safety of anifrolumab in the treatment of a young patient with high-activity SLE and pronounced skin manifestations. It was shown that after the first injections of the drug, there was a rapid dynamics of skin and joint syndrome, the activity of SLE decreased from maximum to minimum according to the SELENA-SLEDAI index. The results obtained confirm the rationale of including anifrolumab in the treatment regimen in cases of insufficient previous therapy.
Coğrafyacılar Tarafından Yapılan Arazi Kullanım Çalışmaları Üzerine Kavramsal ve Yöntemsel Öneriler
Authors: Özçağlar Ali
Published: July 2024

İnsanın etkileşim halinde bulunduğu yeryüzünü bütün halinde inceleyen coğrafya bilimi, arazi ve arazi kullanımı ile ilgili kavramların asıl kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Genel olarak yeryüzüne ait tüm unsurları kapsayan arazi, kara ve su alanlarını bütünüyle içine almaktadır. Başka bir söylemle arazi; jeolojik temel üzerinde iklimin şemsiyesi altında şekillenmiş, yeryüzü şekilleri, toprak ve doğal bitki örtüsü ile sulardan oluşan insan ve diğer canlıların fonksiyonel etkisi altında değişime uğramış coğrafi ortamın birebir kendisidir. Sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın gerçekleştirilmesinde ekolojik, ekonomik ve toplumsal birçok fonksiyonu olan arazi, bulunduğu yerin jeolojik-jeomorfolojik, klimatik, hidrografik, toprak ve bitki örtüsü yapısı ile sınırlıdır. Doğal olaylar ve insan aktivitelerine karşı hassas olup, iyi yönetilmediğinde kolayca bozulmakta ve birçok işlevini yitirmektedir. Coğrafya bilimi dışında da çok sayıdaki disiplinde uygulama alanı bulan arazi kullanımı konusuna kavramsal açıdan yeni görüşler getirme adına yazılan bu makalede arazi, arazi kullanımı ile araziden yararlanma arasındaki nüans, doğal ve fonksiyonel arazi bölünüşü ile arazi yetenek sınıflaması kavramları ele alınacaktır.
Cholinergic stimulation stabilizes TRPM4 in the plasma membrane of cortical pyramidal neurons
Authors: Leyton Paula , Riquelme Denise , Peralta Francisco A. , Navarro Franco D. , Leiva-Salcedo Elias
Published: July 2024

TRPM4 is a calcium activated non-selective cation channel, impermeable to Ca2+, in neurons it has been implicated in the regulation of the excitability and in the persistent firing. Cholinergic stimulation is also implicated in changes in excitability that leads neurons to an increased firing frequency, however it is not clear whether TRPM4 is involved in the cholinergic-induced increase in firing frequency. Here using a combination of patch clamp electrophysiology, Ca2+ imaging, immunofluorescence, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and pharmacological approach, we demonstrate that carbachol (Cch) increases firing frequency, intracellular Ca2+ and that TRPM4 inhibition using 9-Ph and CBA reduces firing frequency and decreases the peak in intracellular Ca2+ induced by Cch in cortical pyramidal neurons in culture. Moreover, we determined that cholinergic stimulation reduces TRPM4 recycling and stabilizes TRPM4 in the plasma membrane. Together our results indicate that cholinergic stimulation increases firing in a TRPM4 dependent manner, and also increases the TRPM4 stability in the membrane, suggesting that TRPM4 is locked in microdomains in the membrane, possibly signaling or cytoskeleton proteins complexes.
LINC00518: a key player in tumor progression and clinical outcomes
Authors: Yi Qiang , Zhu Gangfeng , Zhu Weijian , Wang Jiaqi , Ouyang Xinting , Yang Kuan , Zhong Jinghua
Published: July 2024

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as RNA molecules exceeding 200 nucleotides in length, have been implicated in the regulation of various biological processes and the progression of tumors. Among them, LINC00518, a recently identified lncRNA encoded by a gene located on chromosome 6p24.3, consists of three exons and is predicted to positively regulate the expression of specific genes. LINC00518 has emerged as a key oncogenic lncRNA in multiple cancer types. It exerts its tumor-promoting effects by modulating the expression of several target genes, primarily through acting as a sponge for microRNAs (miRNAs). Additionally, LINC00518 influences critical signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, and integrin β3/FAK pathways. Elevated levels of LINC00518 in tumor tissues are associated with increased tumor size, advanced clinical stage, metastasis, and poor survival prognosis. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the genetic characteristics, expression patterns, biological functions, and underlying mechanisms of LINC00518 in human diseases.
Clinical feature of omicron infection in children with inborn errors of immunity in China
Authors: Yang Han , Sun Fei , He Ziwei , Li Yan , Lu Dan , Han Tongxin , Mao Huawei
Published: July 2024

Introduction

SARS-CoV-2 infection is hypothesized to be more severe in immunocompromised patients; however, clinical outcomes in children with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) during the Omicron pandemic in China have not been reported.

Methods

This cohort study retrospectively reviewed 71 SARS-CoV-2-infected children with IEI using nationwide data from the National Center for Children’s Health of China. COVID-19 was diagnosed by a positive rapid antigen or nucleic acid test result.

Results

Among 71 SARS-CoV-2-infected children with IEI, male preponderance (male: female ratio of ~1.8:1), a median age of 8 years (IQR 3–11), and a predominance of antibody deficiency (19/71, 26.8%) were detected. Most of the patients got infected through household transmission, while a small proportion of them did so during hospital visits. The mean time periods were 3.3 days (n=44) for incubation, 8.4 days for symptoms (n=69), and 8.8 days for viral shedding (n=37). The time to viral shedding was proportional to the symptomatic period (R2 = 0.1243, p=0.0323) and prolonged in children with X- linked agammaglobulinemia. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 were fever, and some children showed only aggravation of the underlying disease. 15% of IEI children progress to pneumonia, 85% require medication, 17% are admitted to hospital, and 4.1% are classified as critical. Previously application of anti- infective medications was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization after COVID-19 infection. Of the 71 children with IEI, all recovered from COVID- 19.

Conclusion

Overall, Omicron variant did not cause significant life-threatening infections among children with IEI in China, and most of them had a good clinical outcome. Nevertheless, these children exhibit an increased vulnerability to higher hospitalization rates, pneumonia, and severe illness compared to the general pediatric population.
Intranasal administration of a synthetic TLR4 agonist INI-2004 significantly reduces allergy symptoms following therapeutic administration in a murine model of allergic sensitization
Authors: Jackson Konner J. , Buhl Cassandra , Miller Shannon M. , Khalaf Juhienah K. , Ward Janine , Sands Cherrokee , Walsh Lois , Whitacre Margaret , Burkhart David J. , Bazin-Lee Hélène G. , Evans Jay T.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Atopic diseases have been steadily increasing over the past decades and effective disease-modifying treatment options are urgently needed. These studies introduce a novel synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist, INI-2004, with remarkable efficacy as a therapeutic intranasal treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Methods

Using a murine airway allergic sensitization model, the impact of INI-2004 on allergic responses was assessed.

Results

One or two intranasal doses of INI-2004 significantly reduced airway resistance, eosinophil influx, and Th2 cytokine production – providing strong evidence of allergic desensitization. Further investigations revealed that a liposomal formulation of INI-2004 exhibited better safety and efficacy profiles compared to aqueous formulations. Importantly, the liposomal formulation demonstrated a 1000-fold increase in the maximum tolerated intravenous dose in pigs. Pre-clinical GLP toxicology studies in rats and pigs confirmed the safety of liposomal INI-2004, supporting its selection for human clinical trials.

Discussion

These findings lay the groundwork for the ongoing clinical evaluation of INI-2004 in allergic rhinitis as a stand-alone therapy for individuals poly-sensitized to multiple seasonal allergens. The study underscores the significance of innovative immunotherapy approaches in reshaping the landscape of allergic rhinitis management.
Correlation of brain tissue volume loss with inflammatory biomarkers IL1β, P-tau, T-tau, and NLPR3 in the aging cognitively impaired population
Authors: Lee Kyung Mi , Kim Sang Tae , Tian Yunan , Jung Sue Min , Chang Yunjung , Rhee Hak Young , Park Soonchan , Ryu Chang-Woo , Lee Woo-In , Kim Eui Jong , Jahng Geon-Ho
Published: July 2024

Background

Blood inflammatory biomarkers have emerged as important tools for diagnosing, assessing treatment responses, and predicting neurodegenerative diseases. This study evaluated the associations between blood inflammatory biomarkers and brain tissue volume loss in elderly people.

Methods

This study included 111 participants (age 67.86 ± 8.29 years; 32 men and 79 women). A battery of the following blood inflammatory biomarkers was measured, including interleukin 1-beta (IL1β), NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), monomer Aβ42 (mAβ), oligomeric Aβ42 (oAβ), miR155, neurite outgrowth inhibitor A (nogo-A), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and total tau (T-tau). Three-dimensional T1-weight images (3D T1WI) of all participants were prospectively obtained and segmented into gray matter and white matter to measure the gray matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), and gray-white matter boundary tissue volume (gwBTV). The association between blood biomarkers and tissue volumes was assessed using voxel-based and region-of-interest analyses.

Results

GMV and gwBTV significantly decreased as the levels of IL1β and T-tau increased, while no significant association was found between the level of P-tau and the three brain tissue volumes. Three brain tissue volumes were negatively correlated with the levels of IL1β, P-tau, and T-tau in the hippocampus. Specifically, IL1β and T-tau levels showed a distinct negative association with the three brain tissue volume losses in the hippocampus. In addition, gwBTV was negatively associated with the level of NLRP3.

Conclusion

The observed association between brain tissue volume loss and elevated levels of IL1β and T-tau suggests that these biomarkers in the blood may serve as potential biomarkers of cognitive impairment in elderly people. Thus, IL1β and T-tau could be used to assess disease severity and monitor treatment response after diagnosis in elderly people who are at risk of cognitive decline.
Tinnitus reduction in patients with single-sided deafness: the effect of cochlear implantation, bone conduction devices, and contralateral routing of sound hearing aids investigated in a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wendrich Anne W. , Assouly Kelly K. S. , van Heteren Jan A. A. , Peters Jeroen P. M. , Grolman Wilko , Stokroos Robert J. , Versnel Huib , Smit Adriana L.
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Single-sided deafness (SSD) is often accompanied by tinnitus, resulting in a decreased quality of life. Currently, there is a lack of high level of evidence studies comparing different treatment options for SSD regarding tinnitus reduction. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the effect of a cochlear implant (CI), bone conduction device (BCD), contralateral routing of sound (CROS), and no treatment on tinnitus outcomes in SSD patients, with follow-up extending to 24 months.

Methods

A total of 120 adult SSD patients were randomized to three groups: CI, a trial period with first a BCD on a headband, then a CROS, or vice versa. After the trial periods, patients opted for a BCD, CROS, or no treatment. At the start of follow-up, 28 patients were implanted with a CI, 25 patients with a BCD, 34 patients had a CROS, and 26 patients chose no treatment. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were completed at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up.

Results

The CI and BCD groups showed significantly decreased tinnitus impact scores. The CI group showed the largest decrease, which was already observed at 3 months of follow-up. Compared to the baseline, the median THI score decreased by 23 points, the TQ score by 17 points, and the VAS score by 60 points at 24 months. In the BCD group, the TQ score decreased by 9 points, and the VAS decreased by 25 points at 24 months. The HADS anxiety and depression subscale showed no indication for anxiety or depression at baseline, nor at 24 months, for all groups.

Conclusion

In this RCT, SSD patients treated with a CI or BCD showed an overall decrease in tinnitus impact scores up to 24 months compared to baseline. The CI group reported a stable and the largest reduction. Cochlear implants appear to be superior to BCD and CROS, and no treatment for achieving partial or complete resolution of tinnitus in patients with SSD.

Clinical trial registration

Netherlands Trial Register, www.onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/26952, NTR4457, CINGLE trial.
Bounding tractogram redundancy
Authors: Persson Sanna , Moreno Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In tractography, redundancy poses a significant challenge, often resulting in tractograms that include anatomically implausible streamlines or those that fail to represent the brain's white matter architecture accurately. Current filtering methods aim to refine tractograms by addressing these issues, but they lack a unified measure of redundancy and can be computationally demanding.

Methods

We propose a novel framework to quantify tractogram redundancy based on filtering tractogram subsets without endorsing a specific filtering algorithm. Our approach defines redundancy based on the anatomical plausibility and diffusion signal representation of streamlines, establishing both lower and upper bounds for the number of false-positive streamlines and the tractogram redundancy.

Results

We applied this framework to tractograms from the Human Connectome Project, using geometrical plausibility and statistical methods informed by the streamlined attributes and ensemble consensus. Our results establish bounds for the tractogram redundancy and the false-discovery rate of the tractograms.

Conclusion

This study advances the understanding of tractogram redundancy and supports the refinement of tractography methods. Future research will focus on further validating the proposed framework and exploring tractogram compression possibilities.
Hyperglycemia-independent neonatal streptozotocin-induced retinopathy (NSIR) in rats
Authors: Lin Yu , Du Wenyu , Fu Xiangyu , Huang Ling , Hong Yiwen , Tan Haishan , Xiao Lirong , Ren Xiang , Wang Yujiao , Chen Danian
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Chemicals, such as MNU (N-methyl-N-nitrosourea) and NaIO3 (sodium iodate), are widely used to induce retinal degeneration in rodents. Streptozotocin (STZ) is an analog of N-acetyl glucosamine in which an MNU moiety is linked to a hexose and has a special toxic effect on insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. It is commonly used to induce hyperglycemia to model diabetes. While intracerebroventricular injection of STZ can produce Alzheimer's disease independent of hyperglycemia, most retinal studies using STZ focus on the effects of hyperglycemia on the retina, but whether STZ has any impact on retinal cells independent of hyperglycemia is unknown. We aimed to investigate the role of cytotoxicity of STZ in rat retina.

Methods: Intravitreal or subcutaneous injection of STZ was performed on newborn rats. Electroretinogram (ERG) and H&E staining investigated retinal function and morphological changes. Retinal cell types, cell death, proliferation, inflammation, and angiogenesis were studied by immunostaining. RNA sequencing was performed to examine the transcriptome changes of retinal cells after intravitreal injection of STZ.

Results: Intravitreal (5 μg or 10 μg) or subcutaneous (30 mg/kg) injection of STZ at the early stage of newborn rats couldn’t induce hyperglycemia but caused NSIR (Neonatal STZ-induced retinopathy), including reduced ERG amplitudes, retinal rosettes and apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, microglial activation, and delayed retinal angiogenesis. STZ did not affect the early-born retinal cell types but significantly reduced the late-born ones. Short-term and long-term hyperglycemia had no significant effects on the NSIR phenotypes. RNA sequencing revealed that STZ induces oxidative stress and activates the p53 pathway of retinal cells. Locally or systemically, STZ injection after P8 couldn’t induce SINR when all retinal progenitors exit the cell cycle.

Conclusion: NSIR in rats is independent of hyperglycemia but due to STZ’s direct cytotoxic effects on retinal progenitor cells. NSIR is a typical reaction to STZ-induced retinal oxidative stress and DNA damage. This significant finding suggests that NSIR may be a valuable model for studying retinal progenitor DNA damage-related diseases, potentially leading to new insights and treatments.
Effect of type 2 diabetes on biochemical markers of bone metabolism: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhang Yuan , Liu Xiaohua , Chen Binglin , Lei Le
Published: July 2024

Objective

This meta-analysis aims to examine differences in biochemical markers of bone metabolism between individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and non-T2DM control groups.

Materials and methods

Two independent evaluators searched five databases: PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. We aimed to identify observational studies investigating the impact of T2DM on biochemical markers of bone metabolism. Literature retrieval covered the period from the establishment of the databases up to November 2022. Studies were included if they assessed differences in biochemical markers of bone metabolism between T2DM patients and non-T2DM control groups using cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control study designs.

Results

Fourteen studies were included in the analysis, comprising 12 cross-sectional studies and 2 cohort studies. Compared to the non-T2DM control group, T2DM patients showed reduced levels of Osteocalcin and P1NP, which are markers of bone formation. Conversely, levels of Alkaline phosphatase and Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, other bone formation markers, increased. The bone resorption marker CTX showed decreased levels, while TRACP showed no significant difference.

Conclusion

In individuals with T2DM, most bone turnover markers indicated a reduced rate of bone turnover. This reduction can lead to increased bone fragility despite higher bone mineral density, potentially increasing the risk of osteoporosis.

Systematic Review Registration:

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php? identifier CRD42022366430.