bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On-demand ferrofluid droplet formation with non-linear magnetic permeability in the presence of high non-uniform magnetic fields
Authors: Bijarchi Mohamad Ali , Yaghoobi Mohammad , Favakeh Amirhossein , Shafii Mohammad Behshad
Published: June 2022

The magnetic actuation of ferrofluid droplets offers an inspiring tool in widespread engineering and biological applications. In this study, the dynamics of ferrofluid droplet generation with a Drop-on-Demand feature under a non-uniform magnetic field is investigated by multiscale numerical modeling. Langevin equation is assumed for ferrofluid magnetic susceptibility due to the strong applied magnetic field. Large and small computational domains are considered. In the larger domain, the magnetic field is obtained by solving Maxwell equations. In the smaller domain, a coupling of continuity, Navier Stokes, two-phase flow, and Maxwell equations are solved by utilizing the magnetic field achieved by the larger domain for the boundary condition. The Finite volume method and coupling of level-set and Volume of Fluid methods are used for solving equations. The droplet formation is simulated in a two-dimensional axisymmetric domain. The method of solving fluid and magnetic equations is validated using a benchmark. Then, ferrofluid droplet formation is investigated experimentally, and the numerical results showed good agreement with the experimental data. The effect of 12 dimensionless parameters, including the ratio of magnetic, gravitational, and surface tension forces, the ratio of the nozzle and magnetic coil dimensions, and ferrofluid to continuous-phase properties ratios are studied. The results showed that by increasing the magnetic Bond number, gravitational Bond number, Ohnesorge number, dimensionless saturation magnetization, initial magnetic susceptibility of ferrofluid, the generated droplet diameter reduces, whereas the formation frequency increases. The same results were observed when decreasing the ferrite core diameter to outer nozzle diameter, density, and viscosity ratios.
Bridging scales between solid mechanics and surface chemistry
Authors: Amiot Fabien
Published: June 2022

A continuum mechanics framework is used herein to model the strains induced in a micromechanical structure by surface phenomena such as adsorption. The resulting picture significantly differs from those of a liquid under surface tension. Considering a solid isotropic elastic material, it is shown that a sphere undergoes a non uniform deformation under surface adsorption. The direction of the surface’s displacement is additionally shown to depend on both the material and the sphere’s radius. It is also shown that modeling surface effects with an elastic membrane surrounding a Cauchy elastic material, the elastic energy is usually misestimated. The reported results also reveal that the overall response of a mechanical structure to surface adsorption strongly depends, at a given scaling, of the higher-grade elastic behavior of the material.
Expression and prognosis analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal protein family in breast cancer
Authors: Lin Xiaoyi , Guo Lijuan , Lin Xin , Wang Yulei , Zhang Guochun
Published: June 2022

Breast cancer (BC) is characterized by high morbidity. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) family participates in mitochondrial energy metabolism, underlying BC progression. This study aims to analyze the expression and prognosis effect of the MRP genes in BC patients. GEPIA2, UALCAN, cBioPortal, and MethSurv were used to demonstrate the differential expression, genomic alteration profiles, and DNA methylation of the MRP gene family in BC. Functional enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network construction were performed to understand the biological function. Based on 1056 TCGA samples with the transcriptional level of MRPs, Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox, and LASSO regression were applied to explore their prognostic effects. 12 MRPs were upregulated in BC, which were associated with gene amplification and DNA methylation. MRP genetic alteration occurred in 42% of BC patients, and amplification was the most frequent variation. Functioning in its entirety, the MRP family was involved in mitochondrial translational termination, elongation, translation, and poly(A) RNA binding. High expression of MRPL1, MRPL13, MRPS6, MRPS18C, and MRPS35, as well as low levels of MRPL16, and MRPL40 significantly indicated poor prognosis in BC patients. Thus, a novel MRP-based prognostic nomogram was established and verified with favorable discrimination and calibration. We not only provided a thorough expression and prognosis analysis of the MRP family in BC patients but also constructed an MRP-based prognostic nomogram. It was suggested that MRPs acted as biomarkers in individualized risk prediction and may serve as potential therapeutic targets in BC patients.
Different profiles of neurocognitive impairment in patients with hepatitis B and C virus infections
Authors: Tan Chun-Hsiang , Chang Meng-Chia , Tsai Wei-Fang , Chuang Wan-Long , Huang Jee-Fu , Lin Zu-Yau , Dai Chia-Yen , Yeh Ming-Lun , Li Chi-Ting , Yu Rwei-Ling
Published: June 2022

The direct impact of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C on neurocognition remains elusive due to the frequent comorbidities, and the domains of the neurocognitive functions affected have rarely been investigated comprehensively. We cross-sectionally assessed the neurocognitive functions of the individuals with chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, treated chronic hepatitis C with a sustained virologic response, and their healthy control counterparts. Laboratory examinations were used to investigate the impact of inflammation on neurocognition, exclude the medical conditions that could interfere with neurocognition assessment, and assess liver function and fibrotic severity of the liver of the participants. This study found the detrimental impact of chronic hepatitis B on language and executive functions. In contrast, individuals with chronic hepatitis C showed deficits in executive functions, psychomotor speed, memory, and attention. Successful elimination of hepatitis C resulted in improved liver function, but not neuropsychological test performance. Moreover, erythrocyte sedimentation rate level was found to mediate the deficits in the attention of individuals with chronic hepatitis C. These results demonstrate the neurocognitive deficits and the difference in the profiles of neurocognitive deficits in individuals with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C. Our study also provided results suggesting the mediation by systemic inflammation on the attention deficit in individuals with chronic hepatitis C.
NbN films on flexible and thickness controllable dielectric substrates
Authors: Shi Hongkai , Liang Lanju , Huang Yi , Bao Han , Jin Biaobing , Wang Zhihe , Jia Xiaoqing , Kang Lin , Xu Weiwei , Chen Jian , Wu Peiheng
Published: June 2022

A simple method for preparing superconducting NbN thin films on flexible dielectric substrates with controllable thickness was developed. The structure and surface characteristics and superconducting properties of the flexible film were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and physical property measurement system (PPMS). We found that NbN films on the flexible substrate show certain preferred orientations through the self-buffering effect of the amorphous NbN layer. The zero resistance superconducting transition temperature (TC0) for 10 nm thick NbN films is 8.3 K, and the TC0 for 30 nm thick NbN films in a magnetic field of 9 T remains above 7 K. This flexible film can be transferred to any substrate and adapted to different shape applications. It can also be further processed into single-layer or multilayer flexible superconducting devices.
Sulfate erosion investigation on FRP-confined concrete in cold region
Authors: Ji Yongcheng , Zou Yunfei , Li Wei
Published: June 2022

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete is regarded as an innovative and economical approach for structural repairation. Two typical materials [carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)] are selected in this study to investigate the concrete strengthen effect in a severe environment. The resist ability of FRP-confined concrete is discussed when subjected to coupled erosion between sulfate erosion and freeze–thaw cycles. Electron microscopy examines concrete's surface and interior degradation during coupled erosion. The corrosion degree and principle of sodium sulfate are analyzed using pH, SEM electron microscope, and EDS energy spectrum. The axial compressive strength test is used to evaluate the reinforcement of the FRP-confined concrete column, and the stress–strain relationship for various FRP-confined techniques in a coupled erosion environment is obtained. The error analysis is performed to calibrate the experimental test result using four existed prediction models. All observations indicate that the deterioration process of FRP-confined concrete is complicated and dynamic under coupled effect. Sodium sulfate initially increases the initial strength of concrete. However, subsequent freeze–thaw cycles may aggravate concrete fractures, while sodium sulfate further degrades the strength of concrete through the cracking development. A precise numerical model is presented to simulate the stress–strain relationship, which is critical for the design and life cycle assessment of FRP-confined concrete.
Favorable immune checkpoint inhibitor outcome of patients with melanoma and NSCLC harboring FAT1 mutations
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Tang Yunfeng , Guo Yuxian , Kong Yujia , Shi Fuyan , Sheng Chao , Wang Suzhen , Wang Qinghua
Published: June 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are most commonly used for melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1), which frequently mutates in melanoma and NSCLC. In this study, we aim to investigate the association ofFAT1mutations with ICI response and outcome. We collected somatic mutation profiles and clinical information from ICI-treated 631 melanoma and 109 NSCLC samples, respectively. For validation, a pan-cancer cohort with 1661 patients in an immunotherapy setting was also used. Melanoma and NSCLC samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas were used to evaluate the potential immunologic mechanisms ofFAT1mutations. In melanoma, patients withFAT1mutations had a significantly improved survival outcome than those wild-type patients (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46–0.97,P = 0.033). An elevated ICI response rate also appeared inFAT1-mutated patients (43.2% vs. 29.2%,P = 0.032). Associations ofFAT1mutations with improved prognosis and ICI response were confirmed in NSCLC patients. In the pan-cancer cohort, the association betweenFAT1mutations and favorable ICI outcome was further validated (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.96,P = 0.022). Genomic and immunologic analysis showed that a high mutational burden, increased infiltration of immune-response cells, decreased infiltration of immune-suppressive cells, interferon and cell cycle-related pathways were enriched in patients withFAT1mutations. Our study revealed thatFAT1mutations were associated with better immunogenicity and ICI efficacy, which may be considered as a biomarker for selecting patients to receive immunotherapy.
Enhancing self-management in type 1 diabetes with wearables and deep learning
Authors: Zhu Taiyu , Uduku Chukwuma , Li Kezhi , Herrero Pau , Oliver Nick , Georgiou Pantelis
Published: June 2022

People living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) require lifelong self-management to maintain glucose levels in a safe range. Failure to do so can lead to adverse glycemic events with short and long-term complications. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is widely used in T1D self-management for real-time glucose measurements, while smartphone apps are adopted as basic electronic diaries, data visualization tools, and simple decision support tools for insulin dosing. Applying a mixed effects logistic regression analysis to the outcomes of a six-week longitudinal study in 12 T1D adults using CGM and a clinically validated wearable sensor wristband (NCT ID: NCT03643692), we identified several significant associations between physiological measurements and hypo- and hyperglycemic events measured an hour later. We proceeded to develop a new smartphone-based platform, ARISES (Adaptive, Real-time, and Intelligent System to Enhance Self-care), with an embedded deep learning algorithm utilizing multi-modal data from CGM, daily entries of meal and bolus insulin, and the sensor wristband to predict glucose levels and hypo- and hyperglycemia. For a 60-minute prediction horizon, the proposed algorithm achieved the average root mean square error (RMSE) of 35.28 ± 5.77 mg/dL with the Matthews correlation coefficients for detecting hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia of 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.70 ± 0.05, respectively. The use of wristband data significantly reduced the RMSE by 2.25 mg/dL (p < 0.01). The well-trained model is implemented on the ARISES app to provide real-time decision support. These results indicate that the ARISES has great potential to mitigate the risk of severe complications and enhance self-management for people with T1D.
The Vibrio vulnificus stressosome is an oxygen-sensor involved in regulating iron metabolism
Authors: Heinz Veronika , Jäckel Wenke , Kaltwasser Susann , Cutugno Laura , Bedrunka Patricia , Graf Anica , Reder Alexander , Michalik Stephan , Dhople Vishnu M. , Madej M. Gregor , Conway Maria , Lechner Marcus , Riedel Katharina , Bange Gert , Boyd Aoife , Völker Uwe , Lewis Richard J. , Marles-Wright Jon , Ziegler Christine , Pané-Farré Jan
Published: June 2022

Stressosomes are stress-sensing protein complexes widely conserved among bacteria. Although a role in the regulation of the general stress response is well documented in Gram-positive bacteria, the activating signals are still unclear, and little is known about the physiological function of stressosomes in the Gram-negative bacteria. Here we investigated the stressosome of the Gram-negative marine pathogenVibrio vulnificus. We demonstrate that it senses oxygen and identified its role in modulating iron-metabolism. We determined a cryo-electron microscopy structure of theVvRsbR:VvRsbS stressosome complex, the first solved from a Gram-negative bacterium. The structure points to a variation in theVvRsbR andVvRsbS stoichiometry and a symmetry breach in the oxygen sensing domain ofVvRsbR, suggesting how signal-sensing elicits a stress response. The findings provide a link between ligand-dependent signaling and an output – regulation of iron metabolism - for a stressosome complex.
Biodiversity mediates ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability
Authors: Oliveira Brunno F. , Moore Frances C. , Dong Xiaoli
Published: June 2022

A rich body of evidence from local-scale experiments and observational studies has revealed stabilizing effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. However, whether these effects emerge across entire regions and continents remains largely overlooked. Here we combine data on the distribution of more than 57,500 plant species and remote-sensing observations throughout the entire Western Hemisphere to investigate the role of multiple facets of plant diversity (species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity) in mediating the sensitivity of ecosystems to climate variability at the regional-scale over the past 20 years. We show that, across multiple biomes, regions of greater plant diversity exhibit lower sensitivity (more stable over time) to temperature variability at the interannual and seasonal-scales. While these areas can display lower sensitivity to interannual variability in precipitation, they emerge as highly sensitive to precipitation seasonality. Conserving landscapes of greater diversity may help stabilize ecosystem functioning under climate change, possibly securing the continuous provisions of productivity-related ecosystem service to people.
Controlling oncogenic KRAS signaling pathways with a Palladium-responsive peptide
Authors: Learte-Aymamí Soraya , Martin-Malpartida Pau , Roldán-Martín Lorena , Sciortino Giuseppe , Couceiro José R. , Maréchal Jean-Didier , Macias Maria J. , Mascareñas José L. , Vázquez M. Eugenio
Published: June 2022

RAS oncoproteins are molecular switches associated with critical signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. Mutations in the RAS family, mainly in the KRAS isoform, are responsible for some of the deadliest cancers, which has made this protein a major target in biomedical research. Here we demonstrate that a designed bis-histidine peptide derived from the αH helix of the cofactor SOS1 binds to KRAS with high affinity upon coordination to Pd(II). NMR spectroscopy and MD studies demonstrate that Pd(II) has a nucleating effect that facilitates the access to the bioactive α-helical conformation. The binding can be suppressed by an external metal chelator and recovered again by the addition of more Pd(II), making this system the first switchable KRAS binder, and demonstrates that folding-upon-binding mechanisms can operate in metal-nucleated peptides. In vitro experiments show that the metallopeptide can efficiently internalize into living cells and inhibit the MAPK kinase cascade.
Probing topological Floquet states in WSe2 using circular dichroism in time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Schüler Michael , Beaulieu Samuel
Published: June 2022

Observing signatures of light-induced topological Floquet states in materials has been shown to be very challenging. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is well suited for the investigation of Floquet physics, as it allows to directly probe the dressed electronic states of driven solids. Depending on the system, scattering and decoherence can play an important role, hampering the emergence of Floquet states. Another challenge is to disentangle Floquet side bands from laser-assisted photoemission (LAPE), since both lead to similar signatures in ARPES spectra. Here, we investigate the emergence of Floquet state in the transition metal dichalcogenide 2H-WSe2, one of the most promising systems for observing Floquet physics. We discuss how the topological Floquet state manifests in characteristic features in the circular dichroism in photoelectron angular distributions (CDAD) that is determined by the transient band structure modifications and the associated texture of the orbital angular momentum. Combining highly accurate modeling of the photoemission matrix elements with an ab initio description of the light-matter interaction, we investigate regimes which can be realized in current state-of-the-art experimental setups. The predicted features are robust against scattering effects and are expected to be observed in forthcoming experiments.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts require proline synthesis by PYCR1 for the deposition of pro-tumorigenic extracellular matrix
Authors: Kay Emily J. , Paterson Karla , Riera-Domingo Carla , Sumpton David , Däbritz J. Henry M. , Tardito Saverio , Boldrini Claudia , Hernandez-Fernaud Juan R. , Athineos Dimitris , Dhayade Sandeep , Stepanova Ekaterina , Gjerga Enio , Neilson Lisa J. , Lilla Sergio , Hedley Ann , Koulouras Grigorios , McGregor Grace , Jamieson Craig , Johnson Radia Marie , Park Morag , Kirschner Kristina , Miller Crispin , Kamphorst Jurre J. , Loayza-Puch Fabricio , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Mazzone Massimiliano , Blyth Karen , Zagnoni Michele , Zanivan Sara
Published: June 2022

Elevated production of collagen-rich extracellular matrix is a hallmark of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and a central driver of cancer aggressiveness. Here we find that proline, a highly abundant amino acid in collagen proteins, is newly synthesized from glutamine in CAFs to make tumour collagen in breast cancer xenografts. PYCR1 is a key enzyme for proline synthesis and highly expressed in the stroma of breast cancer patients and in CAFs. Reducing PYCR1 levels in CAFs is sufficient to reduce tumour collagen production, tumour growth and metastatic spread in vivo and cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Both collagen and glutamine-derived proline synthesis in CAFs are epigenetically upregulated by increased pyruvate dehydrogenase-derived acetyl-CoA levels. PYCR1 is a cancer cell vulnerability and potential target for therapy; therefore, our work provides evidence that targeting PYCR1 may have the additional benefit of halting the production of a pro-tumorigenic extracellular matrix. Our work unveils new roles for CAF metabolism to support pro-tumorigenic collagen production.
A hybrid inorganic–biological artificial photosynthesis system for energy-efficient food production
Authors: Hann Elizabeth C. , Overa Sean , Harland-Dunaway Marcus , Narvaez Andrés F. , Le Dang N. , Orozco-Cárdenas Martha L. , Jiao Feng , Jinkerson Robert E.
Published: June 2022

Artificial photosynthesis systems are proposed as an efficient alternative route to capture CO2 to produce additional food for growing global demand. Here a two-step CO2 electrolyser system was developed to produce a highly concentrated acetate stream with a 57% carbon selectivity (CO2 to acetate), allowing its direct use for the heterotrophic cultivation of yeast, mushroom-producing fungus and a photosynthetic green alga, in the dark without inputs from biological photosynthesis. An evaluation of nine crop plants found that carbon from exogenously supplied acetate incorporates into biomass through major metabolic pathways. Coupling this approach to existing photovoltaic systems could increase solar-to-food energy conversion efficiency by about fourfold over biological photosynthesis, reducing the solar footprint required. This technology allows for a reimagination of how food can be produced in controlled environments.
Deglacial restructuring of the Eastern equatorial Pacific oxygen minimum zone
Authors: Davis Catherine V.
Published: June 2022

Oxygenation in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific is responsive to ongoing climate change in the modern ocean, although whether the region saw a deglacial change in extent or position of the Oxygen Minimum Zone remains poorly constrained. Here, stable isotopes from the shells of an Oxygen Minimum Zone-dwelling planktic foraminifer are used to reassess the position of the mid-water Oxygen Minimum Zone relative to both the thermocline and benthos. Oxygen isotopes record a rapid shoaling of the Oxygen Minimum Zone towards the thermocline associated with Heinrich Stadial 1 and persisting through the deglaciation. Meanwhile, carbon isotope similarities between Oxygen Minimum Zone-dwelling Globorotaloides hexagonus and benthic Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi suggest a shared source water through the deglaciation. Results support a direct role for the Eastern Equatorial Pacific in venting carbon to the atmosphere through the deglaciation, a deglacial expansion of the Oxygen Minimum Zone, and a restructuring of mid-water oxygen and carbon dynamics from the glacial to Holocene intervals.
Nanomaterials for virus sensing and tracking
Authors: Pirzada Muqsit , Altintas Zeynep
Published: June 2022

A thorough review of carbon, inorganic and organic nanomaterials for virus recognition covering 462 research works especially since 2017.
Selective synthesis and (chir)optical properties of binaphthyl-based chiral carbon macrocycles
Authors: Fang Pengwei , Chen Muqing , Zhang Xinyu , Du Pingwu
Published: June 2022

Two novel chiral carbon macrocycles containing chiral binaphthyl units were synthesized, which demonstrate significant redshifts in emission compared to chiral binaphthyl units and have good chiroptical properties.
Gating the conductance of a single-molecule junction with ion-π interaction
Authors: Wang Rui , Li Yingjie , Tang Ajun , Li Yunpeng , Li Hongxiang
Published: June 2022

Cation-π interaction based supramolecular compound VSMe-PA[5] is introduced into a single-molecule junction. The distinct conductance of the VSMe junction and VSMe-PA[5] junction demonstrates the gating effect of cation-π interaction.
Novel melamine – salicylic salt solvates and co-crystals; an analysis of the energetic parameters of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds stabilizing the crystal structure
Authors: Wzgarda-Raj Kinga , Rybarczyk-Pirek Agnieszka J. , Wojtulewski Sławomir , Palusiak Marcin
Published: June 2022

A pseudopolymorphism of two novel melamine – salicylic complexes and an example of a salt co-crystal structure.
Zn(ii) metal–organic architectures from ether-bridged tetracarboxylate linkers: assembly, structural variety and catalytic features
Authors: Gu Wen-Jun , Gu Jin-Zhong , Kirillova Marina V. , Kirillov Alexander M.
Published: June 2022

A new series of five zinc(ii) coordination polymers was assembled from unexplored ether-bridged tetracarboxylate linkers and fully characterized.
Photocatalysis, terahertz time domain spectroscopy and weak interactions of six polyoxometalate-based lanthanide phosphine oxide complexes
Authors: Jin Guan-Yu , Zhang Lan , Hu Fu-Zhen , Hu Cong , Lu Yan-Lei , Li Ying-Yu , Han Hong-Liang , Liu Jian-Ming , Yang Yu-Ping , Jin Qiong-Hua , Li Xing-Ru
Published: June 2022

The potential relationships between the weak interactions of polyoxometalate-based lanthanide complexes and their photocatalytic properties – a new discovery from THz.
Decarbonisation of calcium carbonate in sodium hydroxide solutions under ambient conditions: effect of residence time and mixing rates
Authors: Simoni Marco , Hanein Theodore , Woo Chun Long , Tyrer Mark , Nyberg Magnus , Martinez Juan-Carlos , Quintero-Mora Nestor I. , Provis John L. , Kinoshita Hajime
Published: June 2022

The decarbonisation of CaCO3was chemically performed upon reaction with NaOH solutions. The study highlighted convenient aspects for a further scale up since short residence times and low stirring rates led to high conversions.
Heteroleptic Cu(i) bis-diimine complexes as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs): on some factors affecting intramolecular charge transfer
Authors: Mishra Radha , Jain Kalpna , Sharma Vinay Prabha , Kishor Shyam , Ramaniah Lavanya M.
Published: June 2022

A set of eight heteroleptic bis-diimine copper dye complexes with two different ancillary ligands are investigated for their potential use as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells using first principles density functional theory.
Advanced catalytic CO2 hydrogenation on Ni/ZrO2 with light induced oxygen vacancy formation in photothermal conditions at medium-low temperatures
Authors: Ding Xin , Liu Xu , Cheng Jiahui , Kong Lingzhao , Guo Yang
Published: June 2022

Selective CH4 formation from CO2 hydrogenation is an appealing yet challenging sunlight-driven or thermal-driven process due to low solar energy utilization efficiency or high energy input.
Spin transitions in ferric catecholate complexes mediated by outer-sphere counteranions
Authors: Chegerev Maxim , Demidov Oleg , Vasilyev Pavel , Efimov Nikolay , Kubrin Stanislav , Starikov Andrey , Vlasenko Valery , Piskunov Alexander , Shapovalova Svetlana , Guda Alexander , Rusalev Yury , Soldatov Alexander
Published: June 2022

A family of ferric catecholate complexes exhibiting unusual magnetic properties is described.
Ruthenium(ii) complexes with phosphonate-substituted phenanthroline ligands: synthesis, characterization and use in organic photocatalysis
Authors: Morozkov Gleb V. , Abel Anton S. , Filatov Mikhail A. , Nefedov Sergei E. , Roznyatovsky Vitaly A. , Cheprakov Andrey V. , Mitrofanov Alexander Yu. , Ziankou Ilia S. , Averin Alexei D. , Beletskaya Irina P. , Michalak Julien , Bucher Christophe , Bonneviot Laurent , Bessmertnykh-Lemeune Alla
Published: June 2022

[Ru(phen)(bpy)2]2+-type complexes with a P(O)(OEt)2-substituted phen ligand are efficient photocatalysts for photoreactions proceeding via the electron transfer and energy transfer pathways.
A chemical perspective on the clinical use of platinum-based anticancer drugs
Authors: Alassadi Shoohb , Pisani Michelle J. , Wheate Nial J.
Published: June 2022

Chemists have a key role to play in the clinical use and improvement of platinum anticancer drugs with regard to preclinical testing, formulation, pharmacokinetics, and drug–drug interactions.
Simultaneous determination of lead and copper in Polygonatum kingianum by ICP OES combined with natural deep eutectic solvent-based magnetic dispersive micro solid phase extraction
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yang Xiaofang , He Daichun , Liu Ya , Zhu Yunlong , Li Zhengui , Liu Yong , Deng Qingwen , Yang Shengchun , Wen Xiaodong
Published: June 2022

The work effectively combined natural deep eutectic solvent-based magnetic dispersive micro solid phase extraction with ICP OES and established a method for the simultaneous determination of Pb and Cu in natural medicine Polygonatum kingianum.
A′–A–π–D–π–A–A′ extended small-molecule photovoltaic donor based on fluorene-diketopyrrolopyrrole with an end-group fluorination effect
Authors: Liu Yang , Yin Lunxiang , Xie Bao , Liu Chang , Li Yanqin
Published: June 2022

Compared with Flu(DPP)2, the PCEs of the devices based on A′–A–π–D–π–A–A′ type Flu(DPPsF)2 and Flu(DPPdF)2 increased by 51.4% and 63.4%, respectively, which is due to the synergistic effect of extended conjugate design and end-group fluorination.
Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals the effects of sleep deprivation on the hippocampus in mice
Authors: Xu Mengting , Liu Xinyue , Wang Qianqian , Zhu Yunping , Jia Chenxi
Published: June 2022

Phosphoproteome of mice hippocampus upon sleep deprivation was revealed by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry, suggesting the association with metabolic pathways, endocytosis and oxidative phosphorylation.
Self-assembled single-crystal bimodal porous GaN exhibiting a petal effect: application as a sensing platform and substrate for optical devices
Authors: Kimura Taishi , Murase Masakazu , Yamada Yuri , Mizoshita Norihiro , Nakamura Daisuke
Published: June 2022

Petal effect (hydrophobicity and strong adhesion) exhibited by single-crystalline bimodal-porous-GaN creating high uniform attachment of chemical molecules and quantum dots.
Two-step facile fabrication of a superamphiphilic biomimic membrane with a micro–nano structure for oil–water emulsion separation on-demand
Authors: Zeng Qinghong , Qiu Lei , Zhao Siyang , Zhang Jiaxu , Huang Jinxia , Guo Zhiguang
Published: June 2022

A smart separation membrane with super-amphiphilic wettability was fabricated by a simple two-step method. The separation efficiency of the membrane towards the emulsion is more than 99.6%, and it can be recycled.
Virus-like-inspired nanoparticles facilitate bacterial internalization for enhanced eradication of drug-resistant pathogens
Authors: Zhang Yufei , Cheng Yijie , Yu Yunjian , Li Jie , Hu Yuqing , Gao Yingchao , Huang Siyuan , Wang Wenbo , Zhang Xinge
Published: June 2022

The virus-like nanoplatforms promote fast bacterial adhesion, absorption, and high photothermal and reactive oxygen species utilization to eliminate bacteria and reduce the antibiotic use to avoid drug resistance and toxic side effects to organisms.
Stoichiometry-controlled synthesis of pyrite and greigite particles for photo-Fenton degradation catalysis
Authors: Shi Xiongxi , Xu Yang , Zhang Yan , Si Jiwen , Zhang Peiping , Li Wenqing , Wang Yan , Zhang Wei , Gao Qian , Miao Shiding
Published: June 2022

Pure phases of pyrite and greigite were synthesized via a hot-injection method, and their Fenton catalytic performance was demonstrated.
Rational design of 0D/3D Sn3O4/NiS nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Liu Hele , Tan Pengfei , Zhai Huanhuan , Zhang Mingyuan , Chen Jiaoyang , Ren Ruifeng , Wang Ziyu , Pan Jun
Published: June 2022

0D/3D Sn3O4/NiS nanocomposites were prepared for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light irradiation.
Mercury-instructed assembly (MiA): architecting clathrin triskelion-inspired highly functional C3-symmetric triskelion nanotorus functional structures into microtorus structures
Authors: Kesharwani Khushboo , Singh Ramesh , Kumar Nikunj , Singh Narendra , Gupta Puneet , Joshi Khashti Ballabh
Published: June 2022

We architect C3-symmetric triskelion “nanotorus” structures into hierarchical “microtorus” structures using mercury, thus demonstrated a unique example of toxic metal-instructed assembly by exploiting “Nanotechnology to Nanoarchitectonics” concept.
Nanocubes of Mo6S8 Chevrel phase as active electrode material for aqueous lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Elgendy Amr , Papaderakis Athanasios A. , Cai Rongsheng , Polus Kacper , Haigh Sarah J. , Walton Alex S. , Lewis David J. , Dryfe Robert A. W.
Published: June 2022

Elgendy et al., investigate the performance of nanostructured Chevrel Phase Mo6S8 electrodes as an anode material for aqueous lithium ion batteries.
Site-selective growth of two-dimensional materials: strategies and applications
Authors: Liu Fan , Shi Jian , Xu Jinpeng , Han Nannan , Cheng Yingchun , Huang Wei
Published: June 2022

Site-selective growth methods enable direct integration of two-dimensional materials into functional devices. This review focuses on different strategies for fabricating materials into defined locations.
Understanding the role of surface interactions in the antibacterial activity of layered double hydroxide nanoparticles by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Awassa Jazia , Soulé Samantha , Cornu Damien , Ruby Christian , El-Kirat-Chatel Sofiane
Published: June 2022

Understanding the mechanisms of the interactions between zinc-based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and bacterial surfaces is of great importance to improve the efficiency of these antibiotic-free antibacterial agents.
Synthesis and biological properties of maleimide-based macrocyclic lactone enediynes
Authors: Li Xiaoxuan , Lu Haotian , Ji Mingming , Sun Ke , Pu Fangxu , Ding Yun , Hu Aiguo
Published: June 2022

A series of maleimide-based enediynes with macrocyclic lactone moieties were synthesized. They showed high DNA cleavage ability and high cytotoxicity to tumor cells.
Reversible coordination-induced spin state switching in a nickel(ii) complex via a crystal-to-crystal transformation
Authors: Zhao Yaqian , Wang Liang , Xue Shufang , Guo Yunnan
Published: June 2022

An unprecedented CISSS behavior driven by a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) process is found in a dinuclear nickel(ii) complex, which provides a new strategy for developing external-stimuli molecular magnetic materials.
Rapid determination of lambda-cyhalothrin residues on Chinese cabbage based on MIR spectroscopy and a Gustafson–Kessel noise clustering algorithm
Authors: Zheng Jun , Gong Zhe , Yin Shaojie , Wang Wei , Wang Meng , Lin Peng , Zhou Haoxiang , Yang Yangjian
Published: June 2022

Pesticide residues exceeding the standard in Chinese cabbage is harmful to human health.
Organic–inorganic hybrid ferrocene/AC as cathodes for wide temperature range aqueous Zn-ion supercapacitors
Authors: Li Shuangyu , Zhang Shu , Feng Tingting , Zhou Haiping , Wu Mengqiang
Published: June 2022

Organic and inorganic materials have their own advantages and limitations, and new properties can be displayed in organic–inorganic hybrid materials by uniformly combining the two categories of materials at small scale.
Copper supported silica-based nanocatalysts for CuAAC and cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Veerakumar Pitchaimani , Velusamy Nithya , Thanasekaran Pounraj , Lin King-Chuen , Rajagopal Seenivasan
Published: June 2022

Recent advances in Cu/SiO2-based heterogeneous catalysts for click reaction, C–N, C–S, and C–O coupling reactions are reviewed and summarized.
Hydroarylation of enamides enabled by HFIP via a hexafluoroisopropyl ether as iminium reservoir
Authors: Zeidan Nicolas , Bicic Sergiu , Mayer Robert J. , Lebœuf David , Moran Joseph
Published: June 2022

Hexafluoroisopropanol reversibly traps and releases iminium ions to greatly expand the scope of enamide hydroarylation, a mechanism that is likely common to other reactions featuring carbocations in that solvent.
Perpetuating enzymatically induced spatiotemporal pH and catalytic heterogeneity of a hydrogel by nanoparticles
Authors: Mahato Rishi Ram , Priyanka  , Shandilya Ekta , Maiti Subhabrata
Published: June 2022

This work reports perpetuating effect in enzymatically generated spatiotemporal pH gradient across a hydrogel in presence of cationic gold nanoparticle; showing a new route in spatially resolved chemistry in a membrane-free environment.
Stability of the high-density Jagla liquid in 2D: sensitivity to parameterisation
Authors: Pártay Livia B. , Hantal György
Published: June 2022

We computed the p-T phase diagram of the Jagla model in 2D with various parameterisations, to reveal the sensitivity of the stability of phases, focusing on the liquid–liquid transition, and also identified new hexagonal and quasi-crystalline solids.
Single atoms and small clusters of atoms may accompany Au and Pd dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles
Authors: Strasser Juliette W. , Crooks Richard M.
Published: June 2022

Au and Pd dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles (DENs) were characterized using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results revealed single atoms and small clusters alongside the DENs.
In situ techniques reveal the true capabilities of SOFC cathode materials and their sudden degradation due to omnipresent sulfur trace impurities
Authors: Riedl Christoph , Siebenhofer Matthäus , Nenning Andreas , Schmid Alexander , Weiss Maximilian , Rameshan Christoph , Limbeck Andreas , Kubicek Markus , Opitz Alexander Karl , Fleig Juergen
Published: June 2022

In this study, the effect of sulphur contamination on pristine SOFC cathode materials is revealed by in situ impedance spectroscopy directly after growth inside the PLD chamber (i-PLD) and ambient pressure XPS measurements (AP-XPS).
Thiabendazole: a new class of antenna core structure for multifunctional trivalent organo-europium (EuIII) complexes
Authors: Mund Sibani , Singh Kasturi , Panda Munmun , Biswal Bijesh K. , Subuddhi Usharani , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar
Published: June 2022

Herein we explored thiabendazole as a new class of ancillary (neutral) ligands for ternary Eu-complexes (“all-in-one” systems for multi-purpose applications).
Intense broadband radioluminescence from an Mn2+-doped aluminoborate glass scintillator
Authors: Chen SunYueZi , Gong YuJia , Huang WenJun , Wen ZhuoXing , Li LianJie , Ashraf Ghulam Abbas , Lei Lei , Cao JiangKun , Guo Hai
Published: June 2022

A novel broad-band emission glass scintillator is designed under redox control with greatly enhanced PL (7.2 times) and XEL (1.8 times) performances.
GPX4: old lessons, new features
Authors: Nishida Xavier da Silva Thamara , Friedmann Angeli José Pedro , Ingold Irina
Published: June 2022

GPX4 is a selenocysteine-containing protein that plays an essential role in repairing peroxidised phospholipids. Its role in organismal homeostasis has been known for decades, and it has been reported to play a pivotal role in cell survival and mammalian embryonic development. In recent years, GPX4 has been associated with a cell death modality dubbed ferroptosis. The framing of this molecular pathway of cell death was essential for understanding the conditions that determine GPX4 dependency and ultimately to the process of lipid peroxidation. Since its discovery, ferroptosis has been gaining momentum as a promising target for yet-incurable diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Given the current interest, in the present review, we provide newcomers in the field with an overview of the biology of GPX4 and cover some of its most recent discoveries.
Crossroads between copper ions and amyloid formation in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wittung-Stafshede Pernilla
Published: June 2022

Copper (Cu) ion dys-homeostasis and α-synclein amyloid deposits are two hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, I will discuss the connections between these features, with a major focus on the role of Cu in the α-synuclein (aS) amyloid formation process. The structurally disordered aS monomer can bind to both redox states of Cu (i.e., oxidized Cu(II) and reduced Cu(I)) with high affinity in vitro. Notably, the presence of Cu(II) (in absence of aS N-terminal acetylation) and Cu(I) (when in complex with the copper chaperone Atox1) modulate aS assembly into β-structured amyloids in opposite directions in vitro. Albeit the link to biological relevance is not fully unraveled, existing observations clearly emphasize the need for more knowledge on this interplay and its consequences to eventually combat destructive reactions that promote PD.
A chirp scaling algorithm based on the method of series reversion for bistatic SAR
Authors: Wu Haoran , Cha Hao , Ning Mingqiang , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2022

For the problem that the existing chirp scaling algorithm based on the method of series reversion (MSRCSA) needs to approximate the range cell migration (RCM) into a linear term of range and causes a larger range cell migration correction (RCMC) error, we propose an improved MSRCSA, which is able to focus azimuth‐variation bistatic SAR. Firstly, to avoid the linear approximation for RCM, this paper derives a new curvature factor varying with the azimuth frequency and range, utilizing to describe RCM without any approximation. Secondly, since the new curvature factor is different with the traditional curvature factor varying only with the azimuth frequency, a new scaling function is given to modulate the echo signal so that the required range‐variant RCMC shift can be implemented by using phase multiplies. Thirdly, the proposed MSRCSA is implemented by utilizing three phase multiplications and four fast Fourier transforms (FFTs). Finally, the good performance of the proposed MSRCSA is examined by comparing the imaging result of the proposed MSRCSA with that of the existing MSRCSA.
Electrical machines surrogate‐based design optimization based on novel waveform targeting strategy with improvement of the computational efficiency
Authors: Farshbaf Roomi Farnam , Vahedi Abolfazl , Nobahari Amin
Published: June 2022

Electrical machine design optimization is an expensive procedure as it contains numerous variables and multiple objectives. Therefore, it might require hundreds of time‐consuming finite element analyses (FEA). Surrogate models are one of the superior alternatives that can overcome the computational burden of FEA. However, in optimization problems with sensitive input‐output relationships, surrogate models can lack accuracy or suffer from unreasonable initial FE‐computational cost. To tackle this problem, this work presents a novel strategy called Waveform‐Targeted Surrogate Modeling (WTSM) that improves the computational efficiency of surrogate‐based design optimization of electrical machines by modifying the model construction process. In this paper, an Interior Permanent Magnet Machine (IPMSM) is studied to evaluate the proposed strategy's performance compared to the conventional Black Box Modeling (BBM) method. A two‐step assessment procedure consisting of multiple scenarios has been developed to analyse the reliability of the WTSM concerning different training‐validation datasets. Meanwhile, the Kriging model and Latin‐Hypercube‐Sampling (LHS) method are employed for surrogate model construction purposes. From the discussion and the results, it can be found that the proposed WTSM strategy can significantly increase the accuracy of the surrogate modelling procedure while the required computational cost can be reduced.
Comparative study on distributed generation trading mechanisms in the UK and China
Authors: Yao Yunting , Gao Ciwei , Li Shiyao , Zhou Yue , Wang Dan , Song Meng
Published: June 2022

The market penetration of distributed generation (DG), particularly for that from renewables, has significantly increased in recent years. This trend will continue with the low‐carbon transition of electric power systems, as a part of global efforts to combat climate change. Appropriate trading mechanisms are of great importance for incentivizing the investment in and coordinated operation of DG. The UK and China both have ambitious decarbonization agendas with particular emphasis on the electricity market design. Nevertheless, the UK and China have distinguishing features in electricity market design, particularly in the trading mechanisms for DG. This paper presents a thorough review of DG trading policies and arrangements in both countries, including market structures, connection classifications, economic benefits and practical issues. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunity, and threats‐political, economical, social and technological (SWOT‐PEST) model features of the mechanisms in both countries were qualitatively identified and compared. A quantitative comparison was conducted between the trading arrangements in the UK and China, with the economic benefits analysed and the implications revealed. Finally, the directions for developing and improving DG trading mechanisms were suggested based on the comparative analysis. The practical experiences of the UK and China can be extended to other countries across the globe.
Pyramidal dense attention networks for single image super‐resolution
Authors: Wu Huapeng , Gui Jie , Zhang Jun , Kwok James T. , Wei Zhihui
Published: June 2022

Recently, residual and dense networks have effectively promoted the development of image super‐resolution (SR). However, most dense networks based SR methods do not make full use of dense feature information. To solve this problem, a pyramidal dense attention network for single image super‐resolution is proposed in this paper. In this method, the proposed pyramidal dense learning can gradually increase the width of the densely connected layer inside a pyramidal dense block to extract deep features efficiently. Meanwhile, the adaptive group convolution that the number of groups grows linearly with dense convolutional layers is introduced to relieve the parameter explosion. Besides, a novel joint attention to capture cross‐dimension interaction between the spatial dimensions and channel dimension in an efficient way for providing rich discriminative feature representations is also proposed. Extensive experimental results show that the method achieves comparable performance in comparison with the state‐of‐the‐art SR methods.