bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Focus Group Discussion Penyesesuaian dan Pengharmonisan Rancangan Qanun Tentang Pengelolaan Barang Milik Daerah Kabupaten Aceh Utara
Authors: Mukhlis Mukhlis , Faisal Faisal , Muammar Muammar , Tasyukur Tasyukur , A. Gani Fauzi
Published: February 2024

Barang Milik Daerah mempunyai fungsi yang fungdamental terhadap penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah, namun dalam implementasinya masih terbatas payung hukum bagi yang telah diatur melalui Qanun Kabupaten Aceh Utara tentang Pengelolaan Barang Milik Daerah yang masih berpedoman pada PP Nomor 28 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengelolaan Barang Milik Negara atau Daerah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dalam bentuk Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan tahapan penyampaian materi, tanya jawab dan wawancara. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan masukan terhadap penyesesuaian dan pengharmonisan rancangan qanun tentang pengelolaan barang milik daerah Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Peserta dalam kegiatan ini adalah unsur Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Utara yang merupakan pelbagai pihak yang mempunyai keterkaitan dengan pengelolaan barang milik daerah, masyarakat dan akademisi. Setelah Focus Group Discussion (FGD dilaksanakan, draft qanun mendapatkan masukan terhadap rancangan qanun mengenai pengelolaan barang milik daerah Kabupaten Aceh Utara, antara lain diperlukan kelengkapan penatausahaanbarang milik daerah secara sempurna mulai dari tahapan perencanaan sampai dengan tahapanpemusnahanasetmilikdaerahKabupatenAcehUtara.  Selain itu, diperlukan untuk memelihara dan mengamankan barang milik daerah supaya nilai maupun kulitas aset selalu terjaga. Kemudian diperlukan pemahaman yang baik bagi pengelola barang milik daerah supaya mampu melakukan pengelolaan dengan baik dan benar sesuai dengan mekanisme ketentuan undang-undang
PKM Peningkatan Kesadaran Etika Dalam Penggunaan Media Sosial Kalangan Santri Dayah Nurul Iman di Gampong Alue Bungkoh Kecamatan Pirak Timu
Authors: Rahman Arief , Meiyanti Rini , Malasyi Syibral , Maryana Maryana , Muhammad Muhammad , Pratama Angga
Published: February 2024

Pentingnya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Etika Penggunaan Media Sosial di Kalangan Santri Dayah Nurul Iman sangat berguna dalam memilah berita. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang menerima berita hoax setiap harinya dan harus bijak dalam menggunakan media dalam berinteraksi. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menghindari / mengurangi penyebaran berita bohong dan etika dalam menyadarkan penggunaan media sosial di kalangan Santri Dayah Nurul Iman. Media online serta faktor penghambat dan pendukung dalam melaksanakan upaya pencegahan bahaya penyebaran berita bohong serta dampaknya terhadap media online jika salah memilih berita. Tujuan dari layanan ini adalah untuk membahas peraturan terkait berita bohong atau hoax dan dampaknya terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penyebaran berita hoax terhadap beberapa pihak yang turut terlibat dalam penyebaran berita bohong. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah meningkatnya kesadaran dan pemahaman pengetahuan santri di Dayah Nurul Iman mengenai berita hoax, ada sebagian masyarakat yang mengetahui apakah itu berita hoax atau bukan, dan ada juga yang sudah mengetahui bahwa berita tersebut adalah hoax. penyebaran melalui penyebaran berita tidak benar dan hal ini sudah ada dalam undang-undang dan ada strategi untuk mencegah berita menyebar luas
Utilization of Suji Leaves Extract (Pleomele Angustifolia N.E Brown) in Inhibiting Carrageenan-Induced Inflammation on Rats
Authors: Koja Reni , Prangdimurti Endang , Giriwono Puspo Edi
Published: February 2024

Suji leaf (Pleomele angustifolia N.E. Brown) has long been used as an ingredient for traditional medicines. This study seeks to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of suji leaf extract in terms of its ability to reduce oedema in the hind paws of rats. Six groups were treated: negative control, positive control given diclofenac sodium as anti-inflammatory medication, two groups of suji leaf extract powder (SEP) with doses of 300 and 800 mg/kg, acetone extract of suji leaf (AES), and a group of acetone extract of SEP (EA-SEP) at a dose of 500 mg/kg with oral administration. Injections of 1% carrageenan suspension into the right hind paw of rats induced inflammation. The results demonstrated that SEP administered at a dose of 800 mg/kg has an inflammatory capacity (80.56%), AES (56.94%), and AE-SEP (75.7%). Chlorophyll, total phenol, and antioxidant capacity in SEP (9.0809 mg /g sample; 3.7354 mg GAE/g sample; 3.04 mg AAE/g sample), AES (4.6471 mg /g sample; 0.9994 mg GAE/g sample; 3.26 mg AAE/g sample), and AE-SEP (6.4912 mg /g sample; 2.1703 mg GAE/g sample; 2.55 mg AAE/g sample). According to qualitative test results, Suji extract contains bioactive compounds of the flavonoid group, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. It is believed that phenolic compounds function as anti-inflammatory agents.
Reiki
Authors: Soares Célio Leone Ferreira , Gomes Loren Sousa
Published: February 2024

Este capítulo possui como finalidade apresentar a possibilidade de utilização da terapia holística reikiana na Odontologia.
Fitoterapia
Authors: Santana Maria Eduarda Palladino
Published: February 2024

Este capítulo aborda o uso de Fitoterápicos na Odontologia, apresentando informações sobre plantas medicinais e sua aplicação terapêutica na saúde bucal. De acordo com a Resolução CFO-82/2008, o profissional habilitado em Fitoterapia deve dominar os conceitos científicos e
práticos da Fitoterapia, saber como cultivar, coletar, secar, armazenar e dispensar plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos, além de saber prepará-los e administrá-los. É importante também
conhecer as vantagens, desvantagens, interações, efeitos colaterais e riscos das plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos, e prescrevê-los conforme a legislação.
Terapia de florais
Authors: Xavier Amanda Jhuly Rocha , Viana Gabriel Barbosa
Published: February 2024

Os Florais de Bach é uma abordagem terapêutica complementar que pode ser utilizada na odontologia para auxiliar no manejo do estresse, ansiedade e medo relacionados aos tratamentos odontológicos, visando promover o equilíbrio emocional dos pacientes e ajudá-los
a enfrentar os procedimentos de forma mais tranquila. Embora a pesquisa científica seja limitada, estudos preliminares indicam resultados promissores na redução da ansiedade e do
medo em pacientes submetidos a intervenções odontológicas.
Laserterapia
Authors: Rocha Raphael Sá e , Xavier Amanda Jhuly Rocha
Published: February 2024

A laserterapia é amplamente utilizada na odontologia como uma abordagem terapêutica eficaz, sendo considerada um tratamento seguro e não invasivo. Cada tipo de laser possui
características específicas de absorção e interação com os tecidos, o que os torna adequados para diferentes aplicações clínicas. A escolha do laser a ser utilizado depende do procedimento a ser realizado, das características do tecido a ser tratado. Este capítulo apresenta alguns tipos de laser e sua aplicabilidade na clínica odontológica.
Homeopatia
Authors: Rocha Gabriela Fonseca
Published: February 2024

A homeopatia tem se estabelecido como uma abordagem terapêutica cada vez mais relevante na prática odontológica contemporânea. Com sua ênfase na individualização do
tratamento e no estímulo aos mecanismos de autorregulação do organismo, a homeopatia oferece uma perspectiva complementar e holística para o cuidado bucal. Apesar das
controvérsias acerca da utilização dessa terapia e sua eficácia, a homeopatia é reconhecida como especialidade médica assim como é regulamentado o seu exercício pelo cirurgião
dentista. Neste capítulo, serão explorados os princípios fundamentais da homeopatia, sua aplicação na Odontologia e os benefícios que essa abordagem terapêutica pode oferecer aos pacientes.
Acupuntura
Authors: Matos Etiane Silva de
Published: February 2024

A Acupuntura visa à terapia e à cura das enfermidades pela aplicação de estímulos através da pele, com a inserção de agulhas em pontos específicos. A técnica vem sendo utilizada para atenuar ou sanar as dores durante o atendimento odontológico ou como terapia coadjuvante para dores reflexas e difusas. Este capítulo objetiva apresentar algumas indicações na prática odontológica e suas vantagens.
Pre-service teachers’ mathematics achievement, attitude, and anxiety: The moderative role of pre-service teachers’ interest in the learning process
Authors: Edo Hatsu , Vivian Maanu , Asare Bright , Arthur Yarhands Dissou
Published: February 2024

The aim of the study was meant to investigate the moderative role of pre-service teachers’ interest on mathematics achievement, attitude and anxiety during teaching and learning process. The study was conducted at Akrokerri College of Education Adansi, Ghana on pre-service teachers with a population of 300. A sample of 206 pre-service teachers were involved in the study. Questionnaires were designed with regards to the four main constructs identified in the study. The questionnaires were analyzed using the structural equation model. The findings revealed that pre-service mathematics teachers’ attitude has a direct positive effect on pre-service teachers ‘mathematics achievement. Mathematics anxiety has a positive effect and is statistically insignificant on mathematics achievement. Finally, the moderating effect of mathematics interest on the relationship between mathematics attitude and mathematics achievement result was negative and it is statistically insignificant.
Optimasi Convolutional Neural Network dengan Standard Deviasi untuk Klasifikasi Pneumonia pada Citra X-rays Paru
Authors: Sanjaya Ucta Pradema , Alawi Zakki , Zayn Afta Ramadhan , Dirgantoro Guruh Putro
Published: February 2024

Pneumonia merupakan penyakit yang ada pada paru paru yang bisa di lihat lebih detailnya dengan foto rontgen. Foto rontgen ini memiliki biaya yang murah di bandingan dengan diagnosis dengan alat medis yang lain yang mempunyai kemiripan fungsinya. Computer vison merupakan bidang ilmu dalam Teknik informatika yang mengolah infomasi gambar atau video yang akan di jadikan informasi. Pada penelitian ini mengunakan foto rontgen untuk mendeteksi foto rontgen yang paru paru normal serta yang terkena penyakit pneumonia mengunakan metode CNN yang di preprocessing citra digitalnya dengan standard deviasi. Dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 98% untuk gambar yang di preprocessing mengunakan standard deviasi serta 90% yang hanya mengunakan metode CNN. Hasil tersebut mengunakan data foto rontgen sebanyak 5.218 gambar yang terdiri dari 2 kelas yaitu kelas paru paru normal dan paru terkena pneumonia. Dari total tersebut dimana total gambar yang normal sebanyak 1342 dan yang terkena penyakit 3876 gambar.
Penerapan Metode SAW Dalam Menentukan Juara Lomba Kategori Vocal Group Di LPPN
Authors: Charolina Yanthi , Honni Honni , Andry Yohannes Fernandes
Published: February 2024

The history of vocal music is very old. Even some experts believe that humans have started singing before they began to communicate with modern languages. Popular vocal music as we know it today is rooted in the traditions of European society in the Middle Ages. It was only the middle ages that everything progressed in a more modern direction. A decision support system (DSS) is a part of a computer-based information system that is used to support decision making in determining the best alternative within a particular company or organization and can also be used to rank in determining championships when carrying out various competitions. In this study, the authors used the SAW method to determine championships in vocal group activities held by the National PESPARAWI Development Institute (LPPN). This SAW method is the SAW method which is one of the best methods for ranking based on the different attributes and weights of each participant so that the results are more effective
Implementasi Metode Naïve Bayes Pada Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Tuberculosis
Authors: Wulandari Dewi Sri , Rohman M. Ghofar
Published: February 2024

Tuberculosis adalah infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini paling sering menyerang paru-paru, tetapi sekitar sepertiga dari penyakit ini menyerang organ lain di dalam tubuh dan ditularkan dari orang ke orang melalui droplet nuklei di udara. Untuk mempermudah pasien dalam mengenali penyakit tuberculosis maka diperlukan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat membantu mendiagnosa penyakit tuberculosis yaitu sistem pakar. Sistem pakar adalah kecerdasan buatan dalam ilmu komputer, seperti di bidang ilmiah lainnya. Secara umum, sistem pakar mencoba menggunakan komputer untuk menggali pemahaman manusia guna memecahkan masalah yang sering dilakukan oleh para pakar. Pakar adalah seseorang yang memiliki kompetensi dalam bidang tertentu, yaitu seorang ahli yang memiliki pengetahuan atau keahlian tertentu dalam bidang tersebut. Sistem pakar memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan keahlian manusia karena terjangkau, tahan lama, konsisten, cepat, dan dapat ditiru. Keahlian manusia bersifat sementara, tidak dapat diprediksi, mahal, dan lambat untuk diproses dan dikembangkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam permasalahan ini yaitu Naïve bayes. Metode Naive Bayes adalah teknik klasifikasi berdasarkan probabilitas dan statistik. Metode ini dapat memprediksi peluang masa depan berdasarkan pengalaman masa lalu. Metode Naive Bayes memungkinkan Anda melakukan perhitungan untuk setiap pengambilan keputusan dengan menghitung nilai probabilitas berdasarkan kondisi keputusan. Uji coba sistem menggunakan sebanyak 22 data pasien penyakit tuberculosis. Dari hasil percobaan presentase kesesuaian diagnosa sebesar
Memprediksi Jumlah Penjualan Hijab Dengan Menggunakan Metode Trend Moment (Studi Kasus: Toko Neena Hijab)
Authors: Farida Mega , Rohman M.Ghofar
Published: February 2024

Toko Neena Hijab merupakan toko yang menjual berbagai jenis hijab yang beralamatkan di Jalan Raya Sukorame Dongadem Lamongan. Hijab yang dijual berbagai jenis hijab seperti Hijab Bella Sequare macam macam pashmina dan banyak lagi. Pada setiap bulannya penjualan yang ada pada toko Neena Hijab mengalami peningkatan ataupun penurunan.Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pemilik toko yang berhubungan dengan perkiraan persediaan produk ialah bagaimana meramalkan penjualan barang di masa yang akan datang yang berdasarkan data yang sudah di rekap sebelumnya agar dapat meminimalisir kerugian pada masa yang akan datang. Dengan itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sebuah system peramalan penjualan dengan metode trend moment, dengan dengan menggunakan bahas pemerograman PHP dan database MSQL. Dimana nantinya aplikasi ini bisa digunakan di Toko Neena Hijab untuk mengelolah produk dengan baik dan tepat agar berguna dalam pengambilan keputusan yang akan datang. Hasil dari prediksi pada bulan Juli 2023 pada data hijab pasminah ceruty sebanyak 27 produk, hijab segiempat azzarah sebanyak 8 produk, hijab segiempat paris sebanyak 21 produk, sedangkan hijab bergo oval sebanyak 9 produk, dan juga hijab pasminah plisket sebanyak 16 produk.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Influenza Dengan Menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes Berbasis Web
Authors: Putri Jenjang Oktaviasanata Ananda , Rohman M.Ghofar
Published: February 2024

Virus influenza ini adalah penyakit pernapasan yang sangat menular yang disebabkan oleh influenza A, B dan C. Influenza merupakan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang ditandai oleh demam menggigil, sakit otot, sakit kepala dan sering disertai pilek, sakit tenggorokan dan batuk non produktif. Virus influenza merupakan virus RNA yang dapat hidup pada manusia, kuda, babi, ayam dan burung. Penyakit flu adalah penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan yang dapatdisebabkanoleh toga tipe virus influenza yang berbeda-beda yaitu influenza A, influenza B dan influenza C. Ketiga tipe virus influenza ini memiliki tingkat gejala sakit yang muncul berbeda-beda, mulai dari gejala sakit ringan yang umumnya disebabkan oleh virus influenza tipe B dan C,sedangkan tipe A dapat berpotensimenimbulkan pandemi influenza. Sistem pakar (expert system) merupakan sistem yang dapat meniru pengetahuan manusia yang dituangkan ke dalam komputer, sehingga komputer tersebut dapat memecahkan masalah yang sering dilakukan oleh orang ahli, serta sistem pakar tersebut dapat dirancang agar dapat menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan yang ditentukan dengan melakukan kerja dari orang ahli. Dimana sistem pakar ini merupakan suatu sistem kecerdasan yang dapat memecahkan suatumasalah dan dapat membantu masyarakat awam yang terkena penyakit virus Influenza. Metode Naive Bayes adalah teknik klasifikasi berdasarkan probabilitas danstatistik. Metode ini dapat memprediksi peluang masa depan berdasarkan pengalaman masa lalu. Metode Naive Bayes memungkinkan Anda melakukan perhitungan untuk setiap pengambilan keputusan dengan menghitung nilai probabilitas berdasarkan kondisi keputusan. Uji Coba Sistem menggunakan sebanyak 15 data pasien penyakit influenza. Dari hasil percobaan, presentase kesesuaian diagnosa sebesar 100 %.
Sistem Prediksi Jumlah Produksi Tahu Takwa Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto Berbasis Web
Authors: Bagus Dwi Prasetya  , Syaputri Rika Wahyu , Annisa Fera , Wardana Aldestra Bagas , Farida Intan Nur
Published: February 2024

Takwa Popular Tofu Factory still uses estimates of the amount of production with no accurate calculation and  computer technology. Therefore, the calculation system of the tsukamoto fuzzy method with a web-based concept is expected to minimize losses due to the amount of production that is not in accordance with market share. This study aims to assist the Takwa Popular Tofu factory in estimating the amount of daily production in accordance with market share.  The test results using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) show the accuracy of the system calculation of 95.90% with an error value of 4.09 so that the interpretation of the MAPE value is accurate.
Optimizing the Personnel Position Monitoring System Using the Global Positioning System in Hostage Release
Authors: Irmanto Dodo , Sujito Sujito , Aripriharta Aripriharta , Widiatmoko Dekki , Kasiyanto Kasiyanto , Omar Saodah
Published: February 2024

In the contemporary era of globalization, maintaining public order depends on strong security measures. Addressing security challenges, particularly in hostage release scenarios, requires rapid and appropriate responses, highlighting the need for efficient personnel deployment. This research proposes an advanced solution using a GPS Tracking System which uses a sequential method by utilizing digital photos from GPS satellites to monitor the movement of individuals and objects. Specifically applied to the Sandra rescue mission, our research uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 component, which integrates GPS and Wi-Fi functions while considering wind direction. Tests performed demonstrated an impressive success rate of 98.6%, demonstrating the effectiveness of our real-time personnel positioning approach.
Public Speaking untuk Santri Gerakan Sedekah Sampah di Panti Asuhan Dewi Masyithoh
Authors: Sabrina Arini , Pamungkas Saktiyono Sigit Tri , Tur Ajar Pradika Ananta
Published: February 2024

Public speaking adalah salah satu kunci keberhasilan dalam mempromosikan atau menggerakkan masyarakat, dalam hal ini adalah para santri Panti Asuhan Dewi Masyithoh (PADIMAS), Kabupaten Pemalang. PADIMAS memiliki program Gerakan Sedekah Sampah yang memberikan dampak positif bagi lingkungan. Meksipun demikian, para santri menghadapi kendala dalam mengomunikasikan program tersebut kepada masyarakat. Pelatihan public speaking ini berfokus pada penyampaian materi tentang bagaimana cara mempersiapkan mental serta tips lainnya saat berbicara di depan umum yang salah satunya adalah berpidato, serta pengayaan ungkapan-ungkapan dalam komunikasi sehari-hari serta pidato menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Jumlah peserta pelatihan ini sebanyak 21 orang baik laki-laki maupun perempuan yang aktif bersekolah mulai dari SMP hingga universitas. Hasilnya adalah peningkatan pengetahuan santri terkait strategi menarik perhatian audiens pada saat public speaking meskipun beberapa pada aspek kepercayaan diri masih belum menunjukkan peningatan yang signifikan dan memerlukan pengamatan lebih mendalam.Public Speaking is one of the keys to success in promoting or organizing the community, in this case, the Dewi Masyithoh Orphanage (PADIMAS), Pemalang Regency. The student of PADIMAS has a program, Garbage Alms Movement (Gerakan Sedekah Sampah), which has an excellent environmental impact. Despite this, the students needed help communicating the program effectively to the community. This training focused on delivering materials like how to prepare mentally and other tips when conducting public speaking, one of which is giving a speech, as well as enriching expressions in daily communication and speech using English. The result is a rise in students' knowledge of techniques for attracting an audience's attention during public speaking; some aspects of self-confidence have yet to improve significantly and require more investigation.
Penguatan Kompetensi Cross Cultural Communication dan English for Tourism bagi Pokdarwis Perwira di Bandungan, Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Permatasari Riana , Praptawati Destary , Murtiningrum Afina
Published: February 2024

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini berfokus pada peningkatan kompetensi pengetahuan lintas budaya dan Bahasa Inggris untuk pariwisata untuk Pokdarwis PERWIRA. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahapan yaitu survey awal obyek, pemberian pelatihan, dan monev. Pada tahap survey awal, Tim Pengabdi melakukan diskusi dengan anggota pokdarwis guna mencari masalah atau tantangan yang dihadapi oleh pokdarwis tersebut. Setelah melakukan diskusi tersebut, Tim Pengabdi menyusun rencana pelatihan untuk menyelesaikan masalah pokdarwis tersebut. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, pelatihan dibagi menjadi 4 (empat) kegiatan yang meliputi sharing antar budaya, pelatihan cross cultural understanding, pelatihan cross cultural communication, dan pelatihan English for Tourism. Pelatihan dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan tim pengabdian masyarakat dan 24 peserta pelatihan. Tahap terakhir yaitu monitoring and evaluation (monev) yang bertujuan melihat hasil kinerja pelatihan yang dilaksanakan. Hasil pengabdian menunjukan bahwa warga antusias mengikuti sesi yang dilaksanakan tersebut dan warga menyatakan kegiatan tersebut bermanfaat dalam hal menambah pengetahuan lintas budaya mereka. Peserta pelatihan juga menyatakan bahwa mereka menjadi lebih percaya diri dalam menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Namun, perlu adanya pelatihan lebih lanjut mengenai English for tourism sehingga semua anggota pokdarwis lebih mampu dan percaya diri dalam menggunakan Bahasa Inggris dalam berbagai situasi yang berkaitan dengan pariwisata. This community service program focused on improving cross cultural understanding and English for tourism for the members of the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) named PERWIRA. This community service program was conducted in three stages. The first stage was preliminary survey conducted on the site in order to find any challenges or problems faced by Pokdarwis PERWIRA. After discussing with the members of Pokdarwis PERWIRA, the team of this community service program discussed and planed the training activities to cope with the challenges faced by Pokdarwis PERWIRA. The second stage was the implementation of the trainings. There were four trainings including the cross-cultural sharing, the cross-cultural understanding training, the cross-cultural communication training, and the English tourism training. These trainings involved the team of the community service program and twenty-four (24) participants. The last stage was monitoring and evaluation (monev)to look for the results of the trainings. Based on the results, it was indicated that the participants were enthusiastic in joining the trainings; they also stated that the trainings were beneficial for them in terms of increasing their confidence in using English. However, it was needed to conduct the continuous trainings of English for tourism to make the Pokdarwis members more confident and able to use English in various contexts related to tourism.
Penyuluhan Kemandirian Belajar pada Siswa SMPN 259 Jakarta
Authors: Oktaviani Maya , Hasanah Uswatun , Elmanora Elmanora
Published: February 2024

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia membuat pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Dengan keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki oleh setiap siswa di rumahnya membuat pembelajaran virtual synchronous menjadinya sulit dilakukan secara penuh. Sehingga kemungkinan yang terjadi adalah siswa mengikuti pembelajaran asynchronous yang terdiri dari pembelajaran mandiri dan kolaboratif. Dengan demikian diperlukan kemampuan siswa untuk mau belajar sendiri dan bertanggung jawab atas pilihan belajarnya. Sikap tersebut disebut kemandirian belajar. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memunculkan kesadaran pada diri siswa mengenai pentingnya memiliki sikap kemandirian belajar. Bentuk kegiatan ini adalah perencanaan dan penyuluhan. Perencanaan kegiatan meliputi pembuatan buku saku kemandirian belajar dan uji kelayakan buku. Penyuluhan diikuti oleh 43 orang yang terdiri dari siswa dan guru SMPN 259 Jakarta. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan selama kegiatan, siswa masih belum memiliki sikap percaya diri, inisiatif, dan motivasi yang tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang dilakukan dengan siswa, masih banyak siswa yang belum mandiri dalam belajar. Dengan demikian, perlu adanya intervensi dari keluarga dan sekolah untuk menumbuhkan kemandirian belajar pada diri siswa.The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has forced the government to implement a distance learning policy. However, the limited facilities and infrastructure owned by each student at home make virtual synchronous learning challenging. So that the possibility that occurs is that students take part in asynchronous learning, which consists of independent and collaborative learning. Thus, it requires the ability of students to want to learn on their own and be responsible for their learning choices, called self-directed learning. The purpose of implementing this community service activity is to raise awareness in students about the importance of having self-directed learning. The form of this activity is planning and counseling. Planning activities include making a pocketbook about self-directed learning and a book feasibility test. The counseling was attended by 43 people consisting of students and teachers of JHS 259 Jakarta. This activity was carried out in October 2021. Based on observations during the activity, students still did not have the attitude of self-confidence, initiative, and high motivation. Based on the results of interviews conducted with students, many students are still not independent in learning. Thus, there is a need for intervention from families and schools to foster self-directed learning in students.
Understanding and Implementing the Islamic Academic Culture of Unissula and the Tagline of Unissula in Sendangguwo, Semarang
Authors: Sholeh Muhammad Muhtar Arifin , Nuridin Nuridin
Published: February 2024

This study aims to socialize Budai (Islamic Academic Culture) and the tag-line of Unissula (Sultan Agung Islamic University) – namely BMGKU (Bismillah Building Generation of Khaira Ummah) to the community and to explore how community members understand and practice these things. From this socialization and deepening, the community is expected to be more familiar with Unissula's vision, mission, and goals, so that they are interested in loving Unissula and appreciating Unissula. The problem that arises in this service program is that people do not understand and practice the Unissula (BMGKU) and Budai taglines. The methods used in this program are lectures, questionnaires, and observation. The data collected is qualitative data which includes data on understanding and practice of "Bismillah" (asmaul husna) and aspects of Khaira Ummah (faith, amar ma'ruf, nahi munkar). In addition, data on understanding and practice of Budai (thaharah movement, congregational prayers, Islamic clothing, social etiquette, and receiving guests) were also collected using these methods. This community service program will be very useful for the promotion of Unissula and the socialization of Budai and the tagline of Unissula (BMGKU) to the community. In addition, this service is a community development program to better understand and practice Islamic teachings, which include aqidah, worship, and morality. The people who are fostered so that they become Khaira Ummah are the embodiment of Faith and Taqwa. People who believe and fear Allah will get great blessings from Allah Swt (Surah al-A'raaf 7:96). The results of mentoring in community service show that the majority of respondents (more than 60%) understand and practice the concept of Budai and the Tag-line BMGKU. Finally, this service program produced a material module for the socialization of Budai and the tagline of Unissula (BMGKU), as well as for community development.
The impact of family control and CEO duality on earning management: The mediating role of corporate commitment to business ethics
Authors: Kartika Indri , Kartikasari Lisa
Published: February 2024

Earnings management is a practice that often occurs in companies, especially in family companies where most stakeholders focus more on profit information. Management always tries to maintain consistent profit figures to gain positive perceptions from stakeholders. Companies controlled by families can take riskier business decisions to maintain the family business socio-emotionally, such as being able to manage and maintain the image well, even though this affects business management. Some studies have examined earnings management in family companies, but only a few have examined the role of corporate commitment to business ethics in creating ethical financial reporting behavior in companies. The sample of this research was 541 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2019-2021 which were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The research results showed that family ownership and CEO duality have a positive effect on earnings management, but the family members on board have no effect on earnings management. Corporate commitment to business ethics can moderate by strengthening the relationship between family ownership and CEO duality on earnings management, but cannot moderate the relationship between family members on board on earnings management. Investors need to consider aspects of family ownership concentration and CEO duality to see the potential for earnings management.
Влияние температуры отпуска на структуру и механические свойства среднеуглеродистой стали с повышенным содержанием кремния
Authors: Борисов Сергей Игоревич , Борисова Юлия Игоревна , Ткачев Евгений Сергеевич , Князюк Татьяна Викторовна , Гайдар Сергей Михайлович , Кайбышев Рустам Оскарович
Published: February 2024

Изучено влияние закалки и отпуска на структуру, фазовый состав и механические свойства стали 0,33C – 1,8Si – 1,44Mn – 0,58Cr. Проведены исследования структуры с использованием сканирующей и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии, дилатометрические испытания и дифференциальная сканирующая калориметрия. Выполнены испытания на растяжение и ударную вязкость, измерена твердость по Роквеллу. Проведен анализ процессов образования карбидов в стали при разных температурах отпуска, а также влияния структуры на механические характеристики. Рассмотрена возможность использования параметра прочности – пластичности σв · δ (МПа · %) для оценки изменения ударной вязкости при отпуске. Сделано заключение, что отпуск при 200 – 400 °C приводит к выделению переходных η-карбидов (Fe2C) внутри блоков и крупных реек, что обедняет мартенситную матрицу по углероду. Это способствует повышению предела текучести, несмотря на уменьшение внутренних напряжений и увеличение ширины мартенситных реек. Выделение цепочек цементита по границам реек и блоков происходит в процессе отпуска при 500 °C, что сопровождается уменьшением предела текучести до 1130 МПа. Расчет доли атомов углерода в мартенсите показывает, что на образование цементита затрачивается практически весь углерод, содержащийся в стали. Распад мартенсита при отпуске повышает ударную вязкость, но практически не влияет на параметр прочности – пластичности σв · δ (МПа · %).
Сопротивление усталости дисперсно-упрочненного алюминиевого сплава
Authors: Мыльников Владимир Викторович , Захарычев Евгений Александрович , Пронин Александр Иннокентьевич , Мыльникова Марина Владимировна , Шетулова Татьяна Гавриловна
Published: February 2024

Исследованы характеристики сопротивления усталости экспериментального дисперсно-упрочненного композиционного материала на основе алюминия, полученного методом внутреннего окисления. Проведены испытания на усталость при нагружении по “мягкой” схеме консольного изгиба цилиндрических вращающихся образцов в условиях симметричного цикла. Изучены структурно-деформационные особенности поведения материала при циклическом деформировании с использованием оптической прямой, цифровой и растровой электронной микроскопии. Отмечен небольшой разброс экспериментальных данных характеристик сопротивления усталости композита. Выявлен механизм зарождения и распространения усталостных трещин, выполнен анализ поверхности усталостного разрушения.
Сопротивление деформации и разрушению стали со структурой естественного ферритно-мартенситного композита при высокоскоростном ударе
Authors: Пустовойт Виктор Николаевич , Долгачев Юрий Вячиславович , Иванков Иван Вениаминович
Published: February 2024

Рассмотрены процессы деформирования и разрушения естественного ферритно-мартенситного композита при локальном скоростном ударе. Исследованы мишени, изготовленные из стали 14Г2 с изотропной структурой сорбита отпуска и из композита, после испытаний на удар. Показано, что при сосредоточенном ударе пулей большой мощности мишень из стали 14Г2 со структурой сорбита пробивается насквозь. При использовании мишени из композита наблюдается рикошет пули. Проанализированы механизмы процессов, происходящих в исследованных мишенях при ударе пули.
Электролитно-плазменное получение металлических порошков для аддитивного производства
Authors: Каюмов Рушан , Купутдинова Алсу , Гайсин Алмаз Фивзатович
Published: February 2024

Рассмотрена возможность получения металлического порошка марки “EOS Stainless Steel PH 1” в процессе электролитно-плазменного распыления готовых изделий, изготовленных методом селективного лазерного плавления. Распыление образца осуществляется газоразрядной плазмой при атмосферном давлении в конфигурации электродов, где металлический катод — распыляемое изделие, а электролитический анод — 3%-ный раствор NaCl в очищенной водопроводной воде. Определена вольт-амперная характеристика разряда, температура поверхности электродов, топография и элементный состав порошка.
Исследование влияния четырехслойного гальванического покрытия Ni – Cu – Ni – Sn и лакокрасочного эпоксидного покрытия на коррозионные свойства магнита на основе сплава NdFeB
Authors: Лихачева Ирина Евгеньевна , Шумкин Сергей Сергеевич , Эверстов Айал Айалович , Курдогло Елена Дмитриевна , Ревин Евгений Александрович , Тихомиров Павел Львович , Ситнов Владимир Валерьевич
Published: February 2024

Рассмотрена возможность нанесения четырехслойного (Ni – Cu – Ni – Sn) гальванического покрытия и лакокрасочного эпоксидного покрытия на использующийся в ветряных генераторах магнит NdFeB из магнитотвердого сплава. Определен коррозионно-защитный эффект различных лакокрасочных покрытий магнита в условиях агрессивной окружающей среды. Показано, что толщина гальванического покрытия должна быть не менее 20 мкм, а лакокрасочного — не менее 15 мкм.
Cognitive effort assessment through pupillary responses: Insights from multinomial processing tree modeling and neural interconnections
Authors: Hossain Gahangir , Elkins Joshua D.
Published: February 2024

The pupillary responses of humans exhibit variations in size, which are mediated by optic and oculomotor cranial nerves. Due to their sensitivity and high resolution of pupillary responses, they are used for a long time as measurement metrics of cognitive effort. Investigating the extent of cognitive effort required during tasks of varying difficulty is crucial for understanding the neural interconnections underlying these pupillary responses. This study aims to assess human cognitive efforts involved in visually presented cognitive tasks using the multinomial processing tree (MPT) model, an analytical tool that disentangles and predicts distinct cognitive processes, resulting in changes in pupil diameter. To achieve this, a pupillary response dataset was collected during mental multiplication (MM) tasks and visual stimuli presentations as cognitive tasks. MPT model describes observed response frequencies across various response categories and determines the transition probabilities from one latent state to the next. The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is employed with MPT model to estimate parameter values based on response frequency within each category. Both group-level and individual subject-to-subject comparisons are conducted to estimate cognitive effort. The results reveal that in the group comparison and with respect to task difficulty level, that subject’s knowledge on MM task influences the successfully solve the problem. Regarding individual analysis, no significant differences are observed in parameters related to correct recall, problem-solving ability, and time constraint compliance. However, some significant differences are found in parameters associated with the perceived difficulty level and ability to recall the correct answers. MPT model combined with EM algorithm constitutes a probabilistic model that enhances pupillary responses identification related to the cognitive effort. Potential applications of this model include disease diagnostics based on parameter values and identification of neural pathways that are involved in the pupillary response and subject’s cognitive effort. Furthermore, efforts are underway to connect this psychological model with an artificial neural network.
Bayesian reconstruction of sea-level and hydroclimates from coastal landform inversion
Authors: de Gelder Gino , Hedjazian Navid , Husson Laurent , Bodin Thomas , Pastier Anne-Morwenn , Boucharat Yannick , Pedoja Kevin , Solihuddin Tubagus , Cahyarini Sri
Published: February 2024

Quantifying Quaternary sea-level changes and hydroclimatic conditions is an important challenge given their intricate relation with paleo-climate, ice-sheets and geodynamics. The world’s coastlines provide an enormous geomorphologic archive, from which forward landscape evolution modelling studies have shown their potential to unravel paleo sea-levels, albeit at the cost of assumptions to the genesis of these landforms. We take a next step, by applying a Bayesian approach to jointly invert the geometries of multiple coastal terrace sequences to paleo sea- and lake level variations and extract past hydroclimatic conditions. Using a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling method, we first test our approach on synthetic marine terrace profiles as proof of concept and benchmark our model on an observed marine terrace sequence in Santa Cruz (US). We successfully reproduce observed sequence morphologies and simultaneously obtain probabilistic estimates for past sea-level variations, as well as for other model parameters such as uplift and erosion rates. When applied to the semi-isolated Gulf of Corinth (Greece), our method allows to decipher the geomorphic Rosetta stone at an unprecedented resolution, revealing the connectivity between the Lake/Gulf of Corinth and the open sea for different hydroclimatic conditions. Eustatic sea-level and changing sill depths drive marine and transitional phases during interglacial and interstadial periods, whereas wetter and drier hydroclimates respectively over- and under-fill Lake Corinth during interstadial and glacial periods.
A computational framework for distinguishing motivated reasoning and practical rationality
Authors: Priniski J. Hunter , Solanki Prachi , Horne Zachary
Published: February 2024

People are motivated to maintain their beliefs, often leading them to ignore or reinterpret information to support what they think. What psychological mechanisms give rise to this phenomenon, and how can we distinguish the impact of motivation on people's beliefs from other less nefarious causes which may nonetheless produce similar behavior? Here, we introduce a computational modeling framework for distinguishing motivated reasoning and practical rationality -- rationality that concerns what acts one should take rather than what one should believe. We demonstrate how the framework works in a series of simulations and highlight its implications for measuring the impact of motivation on beliefs.
Adolescents Do Not Benefit from Universal School-based Mindfulness Interventions: A Reanalysis of Dunning et al. (2022)
Authors: Galla Brian , Karanam Aishwarya , Pelakh Avital , Goldberg Simon
Published: February 2024

Are universal school-based mindfulness interventions an effective way to reduce risk for mental disorders and improve adolescents’ lives? To answer this question, we reanalyzed data from Dunning et al.’s (2022) meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of mindfulness interventions delivered to children and adolescents. Though Dunning et al. reported some benefits of universal mindfulness interventions, their analysis did not examine adolescents separately from children. Consequently, their conclusions may not entirely reflect the effectiveness of universal mindfulness interventions specifically for adolescents, a developmental period when mental disorders are known to increase. Using their open-access data tables, we tested impacts of 22 randomized controlled trials (N = 16,558) on eight outcome categories—anxiety/stress, attention, depression, executive functioning, mindfulness, negative behavior, social behavior, and well-being—at immediate post-test and longest follow-up. Our reanalysis shows that when compared to passive controls, mindfulness interventions significantly reduced trait mindfulness (d = -.10). When compared to active controls, mindfulness interventions significantly improved anxiety/stress (d = .17) and well-being (d = .10). When compared to all controls combined, mindfulness interventions did not significantly improve any outcome (ds = .01 to .26). No effects of mindfulness interventions were observed at follow-up assessment. Overall, results of our analysis cast doubt about the value of existing school-based mindfulness interventions as a universal prevention strategy for adolescents.
JUVENILE SCHOOL DISCIPLINE AND WELL-BEING AMONG COLLEGE-EDUCATED EMERGING ADULTS
Authors: Barr Ashley , Zhang Zhe
Published: February 2024

Amidst a decline in exclusionary school discipline, the current study asks how a more holistic set of school discipline practices are associated with emerging adult well-being. We use original survey data from over 700 college-educated emerging adults to show that this sample can be categorized into three groups with unique school disciplinary histories—those who received minimal discipline, those who received primarily school-managed discipline, and those who received intensive discipline. These groups were distinguishable not just on the severity or exclusionary nature of discipline but also the involvement of parents, police, or support staff (e.g., counselors). After accounting for selection into these groups, we find that emerging adults with histories of both school-managed and intensive discipline reported lower well-being than their minimally-disciplined counterparts. Such findings demonstrate the reach of school discipline even to this relatively privileged sample and the need to think about discipline and its potential consequences more expansively.
Growing inequality and diverging paths in early childhood education and care: Educational disparities in Europe
Authors: Välimäki Sanni , Lammi-Taskula Johanna , Mesiäislehto Merita , Närvi Johanna
Published: February 2024

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) is one of the most important services for children and their parents. It promotes children’s development and learning and mitigates inequalities among families and children, as well as enables mothers’ employment. It has become an important family policy advocated by international organizations. Previous research has shown that there is an educational gradient in the use of ECEC as children of mothers with low education level participate less. However, earlier studies have mostly been carried out at one time point and focused on gaps between low and other levels of education. This study, using EU-SILC survey data, focuses on the development of inequality in ECEC use of under three-year-old children during 2004-2019 in Europe, and on disparities between three education levels among mothers. The results show that together with increasing ECEC participation rates, the overall inequality has also increased in Europe. In most countries, inequality has increased between low and other education levels while in the few cases where it has decreased, this has happened between medium and high educated mothers. In advocating higher use of ECEC it is important to pay attention to socio-economic disparities within the rising participation rates.
Poverty is associated with both risk avoidance and risk taking: an empirical test of the desperation threshold model.
Authors: de Courson Benoît , Frankenhuis Willem , Nettle Daniel
Published: February 2024

In situations of poverty, do people take more or less risk? Some theories state that poverty makes people 'vulnerable': they cannot buffer against losses, and therefore avoid risk. Yet, other theories state the opposite: poverty makes people 'desperate': they have little left to lose, and therefore take risks. Each theory has some support: most studies find a negative association between resources and risk taking, but risky behaviors such as crime are more common in deprived populations. Here, we test the 'desperation threshold' model, which integrates both hypotheses. The model assumes that people attempt to stay above a critical level of resources, representing their 'basic needs'. Just above the threshold, people have too much to lose, and should avoid risk. Below it, they have little to lose, and should take risks. We conducted preregistered tests of this prediction using longitudinal data of 472 adults over the age of 25 in France and the UK, who completed a survey once a month for 12 months. We examined whether risk taking first increased and then decreased as a function of objective and subjective financial resources. Results supported this prediction for subjective resources, but not for objective resources. Next, we tested whether risk taking varies more among people who have fewer resources. We find strong evidence for both more extreme risk avoidance and more extreme risk taking in this group. We rule out alternative explanations related to question comprehension and measurement error, and discuss implications of our findings for welfare states, poverty, and crime.