bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Narrativas mediáticas sobre o femicídio na intimidade em Portugal - Implicações e desafios
Authors: Correia Ariana , Neves Sofia
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo caracteriza o femicídio na intimidade (FI) em Portugal, na forma consumada e tentada, a partir da análise das narrativas mediáticas publicadas no Jornal Correio da Manhã (CM) e no Jornal Público (P), entre 2000 e 2017. O corpus de análise, constituído por 853 peças noticiosas, corresponde a 644 casos de FI. A partir de uma análise triangulada dos dados, emergiram diferenças na forma e conteúdo de ambos jornais, acentuadas na última década. Enquanto o CM tende a narrar os crimes como reações passionais e imprevisíveis, associadas aos ciúmes e não aceitação da separação, recorrendo a narrativas paralelas que desresponsabilizam o perpetrador, o P apresenta tendencialmente o crime de forma contextualizada. Esta polarização, além de desconectada da Convenção de Istambul (2011), contribui para uma construção social do crime enviesada, com efeitos não só na opinião pública, mas nas vítimas e pessoas agressoras na intimidade.

Palavras-chave: Femicídio, intimidade, Portugal, media.
O acesso aos jornais históricos
Authors: Pestana Olívia
Published: December 2021

A utilização de recursos eletrónicos no desenvolvimento de processos de investigação que envolvam a recolha de dados a partir de jornais históricos tem-se desenvolvido de uma forma crescente, sendo de realçar a digitalização dos jornais. O conhecimento das necessidades informacionais dos investigadores e a utilização de um abrangente conjunto de funcionalidades técnicas contribuem para o melhoramento da conceção de bases de dados de jornais digitalizados e das suas formas de pesquisa. O presente artigo pretende explorar algumas questões determinantes no desenvolvimento e utilização de coleções digitalizadas de jornais históricos, ou seja, abordar aspetos fundamentais como os que se relacionam com as práticas de pesquisa e utilização das coleções, as limitações técnicas decorrentes da digitalização e, ainda, as funcionalidades das interfaces do utilizador e as modalidades de pesquisa que as bases de dados podem oferecer.
Magyar gazdaságtudományi kutatók teljesítménymutatóinak és csoportjainak elemzése a Scopus/SciVal tükrében
Authors: Dobos Imre
Published: December 2021

A tanulmány a magyar gazdálkodás- és közgazdaságtudományi kutatók tudományos teljesítményét elemzi a Scopus és SciVal adatbázisokból származó és szabadon elérhető adatok alapján. A munka súlypontja három irányba mutat. Az első irány azt próbálja meghatározni, hogy a rendelkezésre álló és az előbbi adatbázisokból vett kritériumok között milyen lineáris statisztikai kapcsolat van. Ezzel együtt hogyan lehet a szempontok számát csökkenteni? Ez a kérdés annak segítségével dönthető el, hogy a kutató publikációi milyen mértékben kerülnek be a gazdasági folyóiratokba. Erre egy hüvelykujjszabály állítható fel. Ezt a multikollinearitás meghatározásával, korrelációszámítással, főkomponens-elemzéssel lehet elérni. A kutatás másik iránya azt deríti fel, hogy a két adatbázisból származó teljesítményváltozók mentén milyen ok-okozati kapcsolatok állnak fenn. Ezt parciális korrelációszámítással végezték el. Végül arra próbáltak választ kapni, hogy milyen jellemző kutatói csoportokat lehet meghatározni, amelyek jellemeznék a magyar gazdasági kutatókat.
OLDER ADULTS’ ATTITUDES TO FOOD AND NUTRITION: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Winter J.E. , McNaughton S.A. , Nowson C.A.
Published: December 2021

Objective: To explore the factors that influence food choices of older adults and identify potential sources of dietary advice. Design: A qualitative research design using semi-structured, one on one interviews. Setting: A general medical practice in Victoria, Australia. Participants: Twelve community dwelling adults aged 75 to 89 (mean 82.8 ± 4.4) years, 92% living alone and 92% female. Measurements: Interview questions addressed usual daily food pattern, shopping routines, appetite, importance of diet and potential sources of dietary advice or assistance. Results: Thematic analysis identified key themes influencing food choices were maintaining independence; value of nutrition; childhood patterns; and health factors. Dietary restrictions and concerns with weight gain were expressed, and although these were managed independently, the GP was identified as the first source of information if required. Conclusion: This sample of older adults placed high value on eating well as they age, however a number followed self-imposed dietary restrictions which have the potential to compromise their nutritional status as dietary requirements change. Further research is needed into how to communicate changing nutritional needs to this group.
EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF AMPUTEE SERVICES AT NEIGHBOURING HOSPITALS: A RISK ADJUSTED PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Hordacre B. , Crotty M. , Pham C. , Karnon J.
Published: December 2021

Background: Despite advances in vascular surgery techniques, ageing populations and increasing rates of vascular disease and diabetes have contributed to relatively steady amputation rates. Older amputees have limited life expectancies and often require expensive rehabilitation interventions on top of vascular procedures. Services warrant scrutiny with view to reducing clinical practice variations, improving hospital performance and securing the best patient outcomes. Objective: This study employed a novel methodology to assess 12-month hospital performance associated with provision of lower-limb amputee services at three neighbouring hospitals. Design and Setting: Routinely collected data on individuals having an initial lower-limb amputation from July 2001 to June 2008 at three hospital networks in Adelaide, South Australia were analysed. Observed and expected lengths of stay and patient outcomes were generated, from which relative performance across hospitals were compared. Results: Following amputation we observed a short time-to-death (0.8 years, IQR 0.21-2.12) and 12-month mortality rate of 25% (unadjusted). Risk-adjusted analyses indicated that one hospital with co-located vascular and rehabilitation services had greater performance with lower re-amputation rates and fewer deaths. However, length of stay at this hospital was longer than expected. Conclusion: The risk-adjusted performance analysis provided an approach which could inform further investigations around variation in hospital performance to inform best practice service delivery.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTHY AGING: SEARCHING FOR THE RIGHT WAY
Authors: Piau A. , Campo E. , Vellas B. , Nourhashemi F.
Published: December 2021

Background: Medical imaging (e.g. PET-scan) and interventional (e.g. robotic surgery) technologies seem- to better fit the actual technological progress than do technologies for aging. The commercial market of aging care remains subdued since the introduction of low-technology devices decades ago (e.g. walker). Revisiting the evaluation and development methods of technologies to support healthy aging could help spread innovative technologies in this field. Methods and findings: In literature, a number of publications have been identified that addresses issues about technological devices that target the different needs of the older person. Nevertheless, a successful evaluation and development often remains unmet. This deficiency arises to a large extent from the confrontation of two worlds: that of technology which is not yet well versed in the field of healthy aging intervention, and the medical world which mainly uses the linear pharmaceutical drug development model. Many methods propose to tackle the global multidimensional evaluation of health technologies. However, they do not address the sequencing of the whole development and evaluation processes. In the present paper, we present a framework to help tackle the complexity of healthy aging technologies assessment and development. Conclusion: The evaluation and development methods usually adopted for healthy aging technologies are not appropriate and that all the collaborative multidisciplinary processes have to be revised.
DIETARY FLAVONOID INTAKE AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH ALZHEIMER’S TYPE DEMENTIA
Authors: Kent K. , Roodenrys S. , Charlton K.E. , Richards R. , Morgan O. , Gilbert H.
Published: December 2021

Background: Dietary flavonoid intake and intake of flavonoid subclasses has been associated with improved cognitive performance. However, the association between flavonoid intake and cognitive performance in older adults with Alzheimer’s type dementia has not been investigated. Objectives: To estimate dietary total flavonoid intake and intake of flavonoid subclasses in older adults with Alzheimer’s type dementia and assess the relationship of flavonoid intake with measures of cognition. Design: Cross sectional analysis. Setting: Community dwelling older adults in NSW, Australia. Participants: Older adults (+65y) with mild to moderate dementia (n=49). Measurements: A 24h diet recall was collected with help from a carer and used to estimate flavonoid intake. A battery of cognitive tasks assessed cognitive performance of several cognitive domains. Results: Pearson and spearman correlation coefficients identified an association between flavonoid intake and executive function (r=0.319, p=0.025). After controlling for depression, the relationship was reduced. Conclusion: The identified association between cognitive functioning, depression and flavonoid intake in older adults with Alzheimer’s type dementia warrants further research in a larger sample.
SPECIFIC NATURAL BIOACTIVE TYPE 1 COLLAGEN PEPTIDES ORAL INTAKE REVERSE SKIN AGING SIGNS IN MATURE WOMEN
Authors: Duteil L. , Queille-Roussel C. , Maubert Y. , Esdaile J. , Bruno-Bonnet C. , Lacour J.-P.
Published: December 2021

Objective: To assess the anti-aging potential of three type I fish collagen hydrolysates (CH1=Naticol® BPMG, CH2=Naticol® HPMG, CH3=Naticol® 1000MG) on skin aging signs for three different body sites of mature women. Design: Double-blind, randomized and Placebo-controlled clinical study. Setting: Centre of Clinical Pharmacology Applied to Dermatology (CPCAD, Nice). Participants: Sixty women aged 46-69 years having skin aging signs on the face. Intervention: Participants were randomized to receive a once daily 5g dose of one of the CHs or Placebo for 8 weeks. Measurements: Skin biomechanics, skin hydration and visual assessment of the crow’s-feet wrinkles were evaluated after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Subject satisfaction questionnaire and Investigator global efficacy appreciation (IGEA) were also used. Results: Skin biomechanics indicated a significant improvement of skin firmness for the three CHs compared to Placebo, in particular for CH2. An increase of overall skin elasticity for CH3 (p = 0.017) and CH2 (p = 0.044) on the abdomen was also observed. This was corroborated by the significant decrease of the crow’s-feet wrinkle score at week 8 for both CH3 and CH2 (p=0.023 and p=0.014, respectively). Concerning the self-questionnaire, overall the number of positive responses was significantly higher for CH2 compared to Placebo and other CHs. For the IGEA, the number of favorable answers was greater for CH2 than for the Placebo group (80% vs. 36%, p= 0.025). A positive influence of CH treatments could be observed for skin hydration but failed to reach statistical significance. Conclusion: The tested type I fish collagen hydrolysates have beneficial effects on skin quality. In particular, CH2 demonstrated the greatest range of these effects including improvement of skin biomechanics, decrease of wrinkles, good subject satisfaction and no related adverse events.
NUTRITION DEFICIENCY RISK ASSESSMENT OF FREE-LIVING OLDER ADULTS IN SINGAPORE
Authors: Tay M.E. , Ong S.H. , Ho X.L. , Tsen S.Y. , Chu G. , Loong C. , Khaw R. , Lee J.M.K. , Loke W.M.
Published: December 2021

Background: The need to identify those at risk of nutrition deficiency is critical in promoting good nutritional status in older adults. Objectives: The study aims to assess the risk of nutrition deficiency of free living, older adults in Singapore. Design, Setting and Participants: Free-living adults (aged 50 and above) were recruited from various community centres under the supervision of the Peoples’ Association of Singapore. Measurements: Nutrition deficiency risk assessment was performed with all participants in person using the validated 15-item Seniors in the Community Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition II (SCREEN II) tool. Anthropometric assessments were also conducted. Results: Majority (88.1%) of the one hundred ninety three participants (83.9% women, 66.8±8.3 years of age) showed risk of nutrition deficiency. 68.4% of the participants fell under the “high risk” group. The women showed higher risk of nutrition deficiency than the men in the study group. Less than 12% of the participants consumed five or more servings of vegetables and fruits in a day, and approximately 25% ingested less than two servings per day. Almost half of the participants consumed dairy products less than once a day. Less than 20% of the participants consumed more than 2 servings of dietary protein source daily. More than 60% of the participants were overweight. Conclusions: A significant proportion of free-living older adults in Singapore community is experiencing high risk of nutrition deficiency as measured by the SCREEN II. The same older adults are overweight and thereby are exposed to the elevated health risk associated with obesity.
Ecological global citizenship education: a reframing
Authors: Jenkins Alyson
Published: December 2021

A reconceptualization of education for sustainability and global citizenship education (GCE) is proposed, considering evidence from the United Nations decade of education for sustainable development (ESD) and from research with policymakers and adult educators in Wales. In this reframing, global citizenship education is foregrounded, and the model is underpinned by an ecological ethos, where webs of interconnections are highlighted. The model is informed by critical and holistic adult education, and it includes a focus on relational learning and on the affective domain, where emotions are recognised and valued alongside the rational and cognitive. These elements are supported by an ethic of care, which is introduced as a starting point for making what can appear as abstract concepts or remote issues, immediate and relevant to learners’ lived experience. The synthesis of the various theoretical perspectives embodies an inclusive ‘ecological global citizenship education’, where educators and learners are supported to engage with difficult and emotive topics. Dialogue is proposed as the method at the centre of a pedagogy that is critical and humanistic, and that facilitates and supports the often-uncomfortable learning as we honestly and critically examine ourselves and our world within a learning community.
Massive lymphangiosarcoma in a dog: a case report
Authors: Seo Min-Gyeong , Choi Yeon-Woo , Jung Dong-In , Lee Hee-Chun , Hong Il-Hwa
Published: December 2021

A 12-year-old neutered male Golden Retriever presented with a progressively enlarging mass in the submandibular region. Histopathological diagnosis confirmed lymphangiosarcoma with metastasis to the liver and spleen. The pleomorphic neoplastic endothelial cells of the tumor grow directly on bundles of dermal collagen, forming numerous clefts and interconnecting channels that are devoid of conspicuous hematic elements. As lymphangiosarcoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm, the number of previously reported cases and information of the tumor is limited. The present report describes the clinical history and histopathological diagnosis of a progressive lymphangiosarcoma in the submandibular region with metastases in a dog.
Ortodontia de possibilidades, e não de limitações
Authors: Almeida Marcio
Published: December 2021

E chegamos ao mês de dezembro, último mês do ano, que contempla a nossa última edição de 2021. Um ano muito difícil, diga-se de passagem, devido aos transtornos que a pandemia nos trouxe, mas com a sinalização de melhora evidente a cada dia que passa. Nessa última revista, temos uma seleção incrível de artigos clínicos e seções dos nossos colaboradores. Costumo dizer que hodiernamente vivenciamos uma Ortodontia de possi- bilidades infinitas, e não de limitações, como tínhamos no passado; haja vista a quantidade de aparelhos que temos disponíveis, técnicas diferentes, a revolução da era 3D (digital), do plástico, e assim por diante. É inegável que está muito mais legal ser ortodontista hoje do que ontem. Ter a mente aberta para novas abordagens ortodônticas é imperioso na nossa especialidade. E essa talvez seja a razão da subsistência da nossa revista clínica: trazer informações atuais da pluralidade de técnicas existentes no mercado de hoje.
Controle vertical com alinhadores: estratégias advindas da mecânica fixa
Authors: Martins Renato Parsekian
Published: December 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Existem inúmeras situações em que contatos anteriores e a falta de planificação da curva de Spee podem impedir o êxito da movimentação dentária. OBJETIVO: O presente artigo tem como objetivo sugerir três estratégias para melhorar a previsibilidade da intrusão de caninos e incisivos inferiores. CONCLUSÃO: Podemos utilizar conhecimentos embasados em mecânica, e aplicados na Ortodontia fixa, para auxiliar na solução de problemas na Ortodontia com alinhadores.
Influência da presença de assimetrias, em diferentes áreas faciais, na percepção da estética dentofacial por ortodontistas e leigos
Authors: Melo Marinna Ramalho Rocha de , Rego Emanuel Braga , Machado Andre Wilson
Published: December 2021

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a percepção da estética dentofacial por ortodontistas e leigos, quanto à presença de assimetrias nos olhos, nariz, queixo e bordas dos incisivos centrais superiores, em uma análise do sorriso em fotografias frontais da face. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas quatro fotografias faciais frontais do sorriso de duas mulheres (leucoderma e melanoderma) e dois homens (leucoderma e melanoderma), e cinco imagens foram derivadas de cada fotografia original: a) assimetria de 1 mm entre as bordas incisais dos incisivos centrais; b) assimetria com deslocamento medial de 2 mm entre as íris dos olhos; c) assimetria com deslocamento lateral de 3 mm do nariz em relação ao plano sagital mediano; d) assimetria com deslocamento lateral de 3 mm do queixo em relação ao plano sagital mediano; e) simétrica. As imagens foram montadas aleatoriamente e avaliadas por 49 ortodontistas e 49 leigos. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio da Análise de Variância (ANOVA), e o pós-teste de Tukey nas comparações entre as cinco imagens utilizadas. Para comparar os escores entre ortodontistas e leigos, foi utilizado o teste t de Student não pareado. RESULTADOS: A imagem menos atrativa foi a com assimetria das bordas dos incisivos centrais superiores, ao passo que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as outras imagens. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos de avaliadores, mas os leigos atribuíram pontuações mais altas do que os ortodontistas às imagens com assimetria dos incisivos centrais. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostraram que a simetria das bordas incisais dos incisivos centrais superiores é fator determinante na estética dentofacial.
RESEARCH INTO THE IMPACT OF ROAD POWER ENERGY SYSTEM MECHANICAL CONVERTER LINKS MOTION ON GENERATOR OPERATION
Authors:   Shakhty Road Institute (branch) of South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)  named after M.I. Platov, Shakhty, Russian Federation, Lyashenko Yu. , Prudiy A.
Published: December 2021

Currently, alternative energy sources are used to economize. They provide autonomous power supply for the electrical receivers. One of the solutions in the field of alternative generation for lighting and power supply to low-power electrical receivers is to use road power energy systems. It is integrated as speed breakers and has an electromechanical generator converting a car speed energy into electrical energy. The paper considers the developed road power energy system with a rocker rod gear used to convert the forward movement to rota-tional movement. The study concentrates on the influence the acting force converter mechanism links movement have on the operation of road power energy system generator. The paper analyzes the operation of mechanisms with various crank arm lengths with preset speed and size parameters. The influence of the crank arm length on the motion path and speed of rocker arm was determined. The analysis showed that the100 and 150 mm crank arm lengths provide for the site with proportional speed rate of motion rocker arm. The100 mm crank arm was selected for future research. It allows building a system with a minimal size possible.
KOMODIFIKASI SIARAN OLAHRAGA DI TELEVISI PUBLIK: STUDI KASUS LIGA PRIMER INGGRIS DI LPP TVRI
Authors: Warapsari Dhyayi , Rahmiaji Lintang Ratri , Armando Ade
Published: December 2021

Sport and media have a long history of mutually beneficial relationship. Sport has become a commodity. Private televisions use sport programs to gain more profits through various methods, such as advertising and paid subscription. The potential benefits that media can gain from sport have driven the competition between broadcasters to get the broadcasting rights and thus drive the broadcasting rights fees higher every season. In 2019, TVRI with limited annual budget can acquire English Premier League broadcasting rights through partnership with Mola TV. TVRI as a public service broadcaster is not allowed to be profit-oriented like private televisions. This article investigates commodification of sport in Indonesian public television, TVRI, with study case of English Premier League. Data are collected from literature study and observation, then it is analyzed from a political economy perspective. It is found that TVRI use English Premier League to gain more audiences and profits through various sport programs - similar to private televisions, but with some limitations that public television has.
Penggunaan Sonkeigo dan Kenjougo Dalam Al-Qur'an Terjemahan Bahasa Jepang Surat Maryam
Authors: Abdillah Aria , Suryadi Yudi , Kurniawan Eko
Published: December 2021

The Japanese language has a variety of respectful languages that are used in Japanese social ethics. This variety of respectful language is known as keigo. Keigo is a speech level that functions to express respect for the speech partner. The expression to express respect is not only used to fellow human beings, but also Allah as the Creator. The purpose of this research was to determine the types of sonkeigo and kenjougo in the Japanese translation of the Qur'an, to describe the word-formation process and the grammatical meaning. This research is qualitative research by applying a qualitative descriptive method. The method of collecting data using a listening method with the writing technique. The data source in this research is the Japanese translation of the Qur'an surah Maryam chapter 4 to 32. In the data source, 14 data were found which is divided into 10 sonkeigo data and 4 kenjougo data. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the sonkeigo word-formation process used the ~rareru pattern with 7 data, the o~ni naru pattern with 1 data, and the o~kudasai pattern with 2 data. The kenjougo word-formation process used a special form of verb patterns with 3 data and an o~suru pattern with 1 data. The sonkeigo speech level is used in the context of Allah's actions, Allah's decree to Zakaria, Maryam, and Isa. The kenjougo speech level is used in the context of Zakaria's pray to Allah and Allah's decree to Maryam which was conveyed through Jibril.
Keterampilan Mengolah Bahan Makanan dalam Film Little Forest Karya Junichi Mori
Authors: Rahakjani Dwi Novi
Published: December 2021

This research is entitled “Processing Foodstuffs Skills in the Little forest Movie by Junichi Mori”. The purpose of this research was to examine the skills of the Japanese people in processing  foodstuffs in Junichi Mori's Little forest movie. The method used in this research is note taking method, descriptive analysis method and informal method. The theory used in this study is the Literary Gastronomy theory proposed by Endraswara and the Semiotic theory proposed by Danesi. The results showed that there were several skills in processing foodstuffs based on the food they were processed, 1) amazake which was processed using porridge and koji, 2) stir-fried akebi which was processed using ingredients from akebi skin and cooked using sabuji style, 3) hoshiimo made from dried sweet potatoes, 4) shimi daikon made from radish dried in cold air, 5) Hoshigaki, which is dried persimmon made from kind of astringent persimmons. in the Little Forest movie is shown the process of processing traditional foodstuffs. the unique thing is that the Japanese people in the little forest film not only use cooking utensils but also take advantage of the air temperature to process food.
Konstruksi Kalimat Imperatif Ajakan Dalam Bahasa Jepang Dan Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Kasmawati Kasmawati , Harisal Harisal
Published: December 2021

Imperative sentences are sentences that contain imperative intonation and generally contain the meaning of commands or prohibitions; in writing is marked by (.) and (!). The construction of imperative sentences of invitation in Japanese and Indonesian is done by using a constructive research. Contrastive research prioritizes concrete facts regarding the search for differences one by one which has the specificity of language so that it is more inclined towards differences. This study aims to describe the construction of imperative sentences of invitation in Japanese and Indonesian. The approach taken in this study uses a qualitative descriptive approach using the referential method. The data collection in this study used the deep listening method related to the use of written language, because the data in the form of invitation as a modality were taken from written data sources in the form of novels. The written data obtained by the read method was captured by a note-taking technique by being recorded on a data card. The data in the form of sentences containing imperatives, both in terms of structure and markers and their contents are classified into several types of imperative sentences. Furthermore, the basic analysis technique used is a technique for direct elements, namely dividing the elements in the form of imperative sentences. The results showed that the construction of the imperative form of solicitation sentences in Japanese consisted of the invitation form shiyou with the construction variants 'affirmative form of desire verb -masu + shiyou' and 'isshoni + affirmative form of desire verb -masu + shiyou'; shiyouka invitation form with the construction of 'isshoni + affirmative form of desire verb –masu + shiyou ka'; and, the form of shinaika's invitation with construction variants 'Interrogative form + Shinaika' and 'Particle mo + KK wishes in the form of a dictionary + Interrogative form + Shinaika'. On the other hand, in Indonesian, the construction of the imperative form of an invitation sentence in Indonesian consists of the form of an invitation form ‘Mari’ with the construction variants of 'Mari + active verb' and 'Mari + causative verb'; the form of ‘Marilah’ with the construction of 'Marilah + Active Verb'; the form of an invitation ‘Ayo’ with the construction variants of 'Ayo + Active Verb' and 'Ayo + Causative Verb'; and, form ‘Ayolah’ with the construction 'Ayolah + Active verb'.
Pemanfaatan Jerami Padi Sebagai Bioplastik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Perlakuan Pelarut Organik
Authors: Setiawan Adhi , Anggraini Febby Dwi Melanny , Ramadani Tarikh Azis , Cahyono Luqman , Rizal Mochammad Choirul
Published: December 2021

Jerami padi memilki kandungan selulosa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bioplastik dari bahan baku jerami padi menggunakan perlakuan pelarut organik serta menganalisis pengaruh rasio massa pati dengan selulosa karakteristik produk bioplastik. Proses delignifikasi jerami menggunakan larutan etanol 5% dan 35% pada suhu 80oC selama dua jam. Bioplastik dibuat dengan rasio massa pati dengan selulosa sebesar 1:0,5; 1:1; dan 1:1,5. Karakterisasi menggunakan metode SEM, XRD, TG-DTA, uji tarik, uji transmisi uap, serta uji degradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses delignifikasi menggunakan etanol menyebabkan peningkatan kadar selulosa serta kristalinitas jerami. Morfologi bioplastik menunjukkan permukaan yang tidak rata serta terdapat bagian matriks yang terpisah dengan fiber. Hasil TG-DTA menunjukkan pengurangan massa bioplastik sebesar 81,01% pada suhu 550oC. Hasil kuat tarik terbaik pada bioplastik yang dibuat dengan rasio massa pati dengan selulosa 1:0,5 pada konsentrasi delignifikasi etanol 35%. Nilai kuat tarik yang diperoleh sebesar 8,773 Mpa. Pengujian degradasi bioplastik dilakukan selama 10 hari diperoleh nilai % degradasi terbesar bioplastik adalah sebesar 99,9%. Rice straw contains cellulose which can be used as raw material for making bioplastics. This study aims to synthesize bioplastics from rice straw using organic solvent treatment and analyze the effect of the mass ratio of starch to cellulose on the characteristics of bioplastic products. The straw delignification process used 5% and 35% ethanol solution at 80oC for two hours. Bioplastics are made with a mass ratio of starch to cellulose of 1:0.5; 1:1; and 1:1.5. Characterization using SEM, XRD, TG-DTA methods, tensile test, vapour transmission test, and degradation test. The results showed that the delignification process using ethanol caused an increase in cellulose content and straw crystallinity. The morphology of the bioplastic shows an uneven surface and there are parts of the matrix that are separated from the fiber. The results of TG-DTA showed a reduction the mass of bioplastic by 81.01% at a temperature of 550oC. The best tensile strength results in bioplastics made with a mass ratio of starch to cellulose 1:0.5 at a delignification concentration of 35% ethanol. The tensile strength value obtained was 8,773 Mpa. The bioplastic degradation test was carried out for 10 days and the largest percentage of bioplastic degradation was 99.9%.
Ekokrytyczne czytanie powieści Vladana Desnicy Pronalazak Athanatika
Authors: Đurđević Goran
Published: December 2021

Autor podejmuje się lektury krótkiej niedokończonej powieści Vladana Desnicy Pronalazak Athanatika z niszowej perspektywy ekokrytycznej. Artykuł składa się z trzech części tematycznych: ekokrytycznego ujęcia cyklu tematycznego: życie – śmierć – nieśmiertelność w porównaniu i nawiązaniu do dzieła Homo deus Yuvala Noaha Harariego. Następnie autor ekokrytycznie analizuje deszcz poprzez pryzmat koncepcji Susan Farrell. W ostatniej części analizuje utwór Pronalazak Athanatika w kontekście dystopijnych współczesnych chorwackich powieści ekologicznych/dotyczących środowiska: powieści Planet Friedman Josipa Mlakicia oraz książki Mjesečev meridijan Edo Popovicia, w odniesieniu do ekokrytycznych tekstów Louise Squire. Autor konkluduje, że Desnica w swoim dziele Pronalazak Athanatika – które zalicza do fikcji spekulatywnej – odwoływał się do aktualnych rozważań naukowych (Harari) i dzieł literackich (Mlakić, Popović). Ostrzegał, że ekologia i czynniki ekologiczne – nieśmiertelność i wzrost populacji, brak żywności, a w ostateczności niszczenie planety – mogą mieć destrukcyjny wpływ na zmiany społeczne, dystrybucję władzy i kształtowanie przyszłości. Desnica stał się dzięki temu prekursorem powieści ekologicznych.
Mieszkalnictwo socjalne w Polsce w procesie zmian
Authors: Przymeński Andrzej
Published: December 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest mieszkalnictwo socjalne we współczesnej Polsce, będące sektorem mieszkalnictwa społecznego. Celem mieszkalnictwa socjalnego jest udostępnianie mieszkań dla gospodarstw domowych o dochodach zbyt niskich, aby uzyskać dostęp do mieszkań społecznych lub najmowanych na rynku. Udzielanie pomocy w ramach dwu stosowanych obecnie form najmu jest zadaniem własnym gmin. Obecnie w Polsce wprowadzane są zmiany prawa dające gminom większą swobodę w wyborze sposobu tworzenia zasobu mieszkań wykorzystywanych do najmu na warunkach socjalnych i w gospodarowaniu zasobami już posiadanymi. Zmiany te współwystępują ze zmianami modelu polityki mieszkaniowej od modelu selektywnego w wersji szerokiej do modelu selektywnego w wersji wąskiej, to jest takiego, w którym pomoc mieszkaniowa jest kierowana tylko dla niezamożnych gospodarstw domowych. Przyjęty przez rząd w 2016 r. Narodowy Program Mieszkaniowy dotąd nie przynosi wymiernych efektów w postaci zwiększenia skali tworzenia mieszkań społecznych ani poprawy w udzielaniu pomocy mieszkaniowej gospodarstwom domowym o niskich i bardzo niskich dochodach. Dokonane zmiany niosą ze sobą jednak znaczny potencjał zmian korzystnych dla niezamożnych grup ludności, zarówno w ramach mieszkalnictwa społecznego jak i socjalnego.
Tracking telecollaborative tasks through design, feedback, implementation, and reflection processes in pre-service language teacher education
Authors: Ekin Semih , Balaman Ufuk , Badem-Korkmaz Fatma
Published: December 2021

Telecollaborative exchanges between students from different countries are increasingly becoming a common practice in foreign language education and calling for new teacher competences for task design in order to maximize interactional opportunities in these settings. Considering that tasks are dynamic in nature and subject to constant change from their initial design to implementation by L2 learners, there is a need for teacher training activities promoting opportunities for improving the required digital and pedagogical competences. With this in mind, this paper sets out to explore the interactional architecture of the multiple steps involved in the training of pre-service language teachers in pedagogical task design for telecollaboration-oriented video-mediated interactional settings. We describe the procedural unfolding of the telecollaborative tasks by analyzing (i) pre-service teachers’ collaborative design meetings and (ii) written design reports; (iii) peer and mentor evaluation of these design ideas in whole-class feedback sessions in teacher training classrooms; (iv) written reports of redesigns after the feedback session, (v) video-mediated implementation by telecollaborative task participants, and finally (vi) pre-service teachers’ written reflections based on the implementation of their own designs. We use Conversation Analysis to closely examine audio and screen-recording data and draw on the textual data to present the procedural unfolding of two tasks over multiple phases, namely design, feedback, implementation, and reflection. The findings show that a telecollaborative task is a co-construction by the pre-service teachers as task designers, the teacher trainer as the mentor, and the L2 learners as the end users in interactionally trackable ways across the teacher education events. The results bring insights into the novel sets of digital, pedagogical, and interactional competencies in L2 contexts. We conclude that task enhanced telecollaboration holds great potential to critically advance research and practice in L2 teaching and teacher education worldwide.
Indirectly determined hematology reference intervals for pediatric patients in Berlin and Brandenburg
Authors: Mrosewski Ingo , Dähn Tobias , Hehde Jörg , Kalinowski Elena , Lindner Ilona , Meyer Thea Marie , Olschinsky-Szermer Michael , Pahl Jana , Puls Monika , Sachse Kristin , Switkowski Rafael
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Establishing direct reference intervals (RIs) for pediatric patients is a very challenging endeavor. Indirectly determined RIs can address this problem by utilization of existing clinical laboratory databases. In order to provide better laboratory services to the local pediatric population, we established population-specific hematology RIs via data mining.

Methods

Our laboratory information system (LIS) was searched for pediatric blood counts of patients aged from 0 days to 18 years, performed from 1st of January 2018 until 31st of March 2021. In total, 27,554 blood counts on our SYSMEX XN-9000 were initially identified. After application of pre-defined exclusion criteria, 18,531 sample sets remained. Age- and sex-specific RIs were established in accordance with International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations.

Results

When compared to pediatric RIs supplied by other authors, the RIs determined specifically for pediatric patients from Berlin and Brandenburg showed several relevant differences, especially with regard to white blood cell counts (WBCs), red blood cell counts (RBCs), red cell distribution widths (RDW) and platelet counts (PLTs) within the distinct age groups. Additionally, alterations to several published age-specific partitions had to be made, while new sex-specific partitions were introduced for WBCs and PLTs.

Conclusions

Generic RIs from textbooks, manufacturer information and medical publications – even from nationwide or multicenter studies – commonly used in many laboratories might not reflect the specifics of local patient populations properly. RIs should be tailored to the serviced patient population whenever possible. Careful data mining appears to be suitable for this task.
Mitigating membrane biofouling in biofuel cell system – A review
Authors: Nasruddin Nur Iman Syafiqah Muhammad , Abu Bakar Mimi Hani
Published: December 2021

A biofuel cell (BFC) system can transform chemical energy to electrical energy through electrochemical reactions and biochemical pathways. However, BFC faced several obstacles delaying it from commercialization, such as biofouling. Theoretically, the biofouling phenomenon occurs when microorganisms, algae, fungi, plants, or small animals accumulate on wet surfaces. In most BFC, biofouling occurs by the accumulation of microorganisms forming a biofilm. Amassed biofilm on the anode is desired for power production, however, not on the membrane separator. This phenomenon causes severities toward BFCs when it increases the electrode’s ohmic and charge transfer resistance and impedes the proton transfer, leading to a rapid decline in the system’s power performance. Apart from BFC, other activities impacted by biofouling range from the uranium industry to drug sensors in the medical field. These fields are continuously finding ways to mitigate the biofouling impact in their industries while putting forward the importance of the environment. Thus, this study aims to identify the severity of biofouling occurring on the separator materials for implementation toward the performance of the BFC system. While highlighting successful measures taken by other industries, the effectiveness of methods performed to reduce or mitigate the biofouling effect in BFC was also discussed in this study.
Xia Yan and the Chinese School of Film
Authors: Rao Shuguang , Zhu Mengqiu
Published: December 2021

A revolutionary, film theorist, and screenwriter, Xia Yan (1900–1995) is known as one of the pioneers of Chinese cinema. Xia’s pursuit of a national style and international status for Chinese cinema and his aspirations for the prosperity of the Chinese nation are in line with the basic ideas and goals of the nascent “Chinese School of Film.” In the context of the under-theorized and problematic production practices of current Chinese cinema, it is high time to revisit Xia’s professional and academic contributions to cinematic art, which shed light on the construction of both the “Chinese School of Film” and “shared aesthetics.”
The Central Bank Shift to Market Maker of Last Resort: The Unintended Consequences of Unconventional Monetary Policies
Authors: Giménez Roche Gabriel A. , Janson Nathalie
Published: December 2021

We analyze the transition of central banks from lenders to market makers of last resort. The adoption of unconventional monetary policies characterizes this transition. In their new role as market makers, central banks engage in the latter by extending and reinforcing interventions in other markets than the traditional bank reserves market. We then explain that the difference between the two roles is one of degree rather than kind. In both cases, the prevention of liquidity shortages is a primary concern. As conventional policies become inadequate, central banks resort to unconventional policies to escape a general liquidity shortage at the zero lower bound. However, these unconventional policies do not solve the structural problems in financial and real markets. Both conventional and unconventional monetary policies cause price distortions, in particular on asset markets. The policies of the market maker of last resort prevent necessary readjustments of cyclical divergences between real and financial markets.
Application of ultra-high-performance concrete in prefabricated buildings
Authors: Luo Dong , Lu Tian , Chen Y. Frank
Published: December 2021

As a new cement-based composite material, the ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has attracted wide attention because of its excellent mechanical properties and durability; and it has been applied successfully in the engineering field. As an important way to sustain engineering practice, the combination of prefabricated building and UHPC presents a great economic benefit and is worthy of further exploration. Based on the research and application status of UHPC materials in prefabricated construction, the engineering application classifications of UHPC are introduced; the advantages of using UHPC in prefabricated construction are summarized; the progress on UHPC research and its application in prefabricated construction is also summarized; the potential issues on the application of UHPC in prefabricated construction are pointed out; the possible solution strategies and development directions are proposed for promoting UHPC application in prefabricated construction.
Prediction of the optimal FSW process parameters for joints using machine learning techniques
Authors: Sarsilmaz Furkan , Kavuran Gürkan
Published: December 2021

In this work, a couple of dissimilar AA2024/AA7075 plates were experimentally welded for the purpose of considering the effect of friction-stir welding (FSW) parameters on mechanical properties. First, the main mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and hardness of welded joints were determined experimentally. Secondly, these data were evaluated through modeling and the optimization of the FSW process as well as an optimal parametric combination to affirm tensile strength and hardness using a support vector machine (SVM) and an artificial neural network (ANN). In this study, a new ANN model, including the Nelder-Mead algorithm, was first used and compared with the SVM model in the FSW process. It was concluded that the ANN approach works better than SVM techniques. The validity and accuracy of the proposed method were proved by simulation studies.
Task-Specific Neural Representations of Generalizable Metacognitive Control Signals in the Human Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Authors: Su Jie , Jia Wenbin , Wan Xiaohong
Published: December 2021

The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a critical role in cognitive control over different domains of tasks. The dACC activities uniformly represent task-generic intensities of control signals across different tasks. However, it remains unclear whether the dACC activities could also encode task identities of control signals across different tasks. If so, how the two types of control information are coherently organized in the dACC? Decision uncertainty is an internally-generated control signal by retrospective monitoring, namely, metacognition, even with no external feedback. We here investigated neural representations of decision uncertainty accompanying three decision-making tasks in the domains of perception, rule-based inference, and memory using trial-by-trial univariate and multivariate analyses on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired on human male and female healthy subjects. Our results demonstrated that the dACC represented decision uncertainty commonly across the three decision-making tasks. Further, the multivariate fMRI analyses revealed a mosaic form of neural representations of decision uncertainty across tasks in the dACC. The identity and intensity information was separately represented in two dissociable components, the high-dimensional pattern and the scalar magnitude, of the dACC multivoxel fMRI activities. Lastly, a follow-up behavioral experiment confirmed that this mosaic form of neural representations of parallelly existing decision uncertainty across different tasks should lead to mutual interferences more on the intensity, but less on the identity of control signals. Thus, our findings suggest that the dACC with the mosaic form of neural representations could provide task-generic and task-specific metacognitive control signals to guide appropriate control on different decision-making tasks.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMetacognition is a form of cognitive control using internally generated decision uncertainty to guide behavior adjustment with no needs of external feedback. Decision uncertainty as a generalizable control signal is commonly encoded in the human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) accompanying different decision-making tasks. It remains unknown whether or not the task-specific control information is represented in the dACC. We here revealed that multivoxel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activities associated with decision uncertainty in the dACC concurrently represented the identity and intensity information. The mixtures of neural representations of decision uncertainty across different tasks should cause specific interferences on each other. Hence, the neural representations of control signals in the human dACC should be task-generic and task-specific.
Antibiotic resistance in bacterial communities of the oyster Crassostrea rivularis from different salinity zones in Qinzhou Bay, Beibu Gulf, China
Authors: Wang Ruixuan , Li Bing , Zhang Li , Hou Yuee , Lin Huajian , Luo Bang , Yu Gang , Wang Jiangyong , Zhu Hui
Published: December 2021

The oyster is one of the most abundantly harvested shellfish in the world. To explore the impact of salinity on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and the microbial community associated with farmed oysters, oysters were taken from high-, medium-, and low-salinity zones (labeled HS, MS, and LS, respectively) in Qinzhou Bay of Beibu Gulf, China. ARB were tested with the Kirby–Bauer method. Species of ARB were confirmed by 16 S rDNA analysis. Microbial communities were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results indicate that HS-derived ARB (>60%) resisted β-lactams and aminoglycosides and that LS-derived strains resisted macrolide and tetracyclines. All strains resisted 4 or more antibiotics. A total of 542 operational taxonomic units were detected in the samples, with Shewanella, Vibrio, and Endozoicomonas being the dominant genera (>80%), although distributed differently among the different salinity samples. The oyster microbial richness ranked as MS > LS > HS. This study provides an important reference for future efforts to explain factors or mechanisms underlying correlations between ARB, the microbiome, and salinity and thus the potential health of oysters in this region.