bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALIZA SOFTVERA KOJI UBRZAVAJU PROCES IZRADE VEB I MOBILNIH APLIKACIJA
Authors: Sekulić Romana , Keresteš Neda Milić
Published: May 2022

U današnje vreme dešava se ekspan­zija veb i mobilnih aplikacija. Razlog tome jeste njihova praktičnost, jednostavnost korišćenja kao i to što omo­gu­ćavaju rešavanje svakodnevnih problema. Zbog same eks­panzije javila se potreba ubrzavanja procesa izrade apli­kacija i došlo je do pojava platformi koje na osnovu di­zajna generišu kod koji se može ili samostalno upotreb­ljavati ili se koristiti kao početna tačka u programiranju. Rad predstavlja pregled procesa izrade veb i mobilne aplikacije, kroz redizajn i analizu softvera koji ubrzavaju taj proces. Alati koji su korišćeni prilikom izrade su Figma, Anima i Supernova Studio.
Sinemagraf u arhitekturi
Authors: Kostov Jana , Jovanović Marko
Published: May 2022

U okviru rada koji se bavi sinemagrafom u arhitekturi, koji je kombinacija statične slike i animacije,  istraživanje se temelji na postojećim sinemagrafima u raznim sferama, gde je na osnovu toga istraživano kreiranje sinemagrafa u 3 različite metode. One se razlikuju po: broju elemenata koji su animirani u sceni, načinu animiranja, opsegu renderovanja, broju korišćenih programa kao i vremenu utrošenom u modelovanje, renderovanje ali i postprodukciju. Nakon što je razmotreno, kako nastaje sinemagraf, urađeno je istraživanje u obliku 4 ankete. Potrebno je utvrditi da li sinemagrafi imaju dugoročno mesto u arhitekturi odnosno da li se ljudima više dopada render ili sinemagraf  i da li broj elemanta koji se pomaraju u sceni kao i vrsta pomeranja imaju uticaj na to da li se ljudima više dopada jedno ili drugo.
BIOMIMETIČKI DIZAJN NEBODERA NA NOVOM NASELJU
Authors: Vujisić Snežana , Tepavčević Bojan
Published: May 2022

Tema ovog rada bavi se projekto­vanjem nebodera savremenim metodama parametarskog modelovanja po principima biomimetičkog dizajna.
PORODICA NAMEŠTAJA OD PREFABRIKOVANIH ELEMENATA
Authors: Miljković Olivera
Published: May 2022

Rad se bavi ispitivanjem uticaja oko­line i vremena na dizajn elemenata mobilijara, sa pita­njem da li on treba da potpada pod uticaj promenljivih inputa, ili da je svevremen. Kao i u kakvoj je koleraciji sa korisnicima, akcentujući to da treba da je orijentisan i prilagođen ljudima i ljudskim potrebama kako svojom formom tako i materijalizacijom.
JEDNO REŠENJE OKRUŽENJA ZA ISPITIVANJE AUTOMOTIV PLATFORME U KONTINUALNOJ INTEGRACIJI
Authors: Ivić Irena , Rajs Vladimir
Published: May 2022

Tema ovog rada je analiza rešenja za automatizaciju procesa koji je potrebno pokretati na dnevnom nivou, a koji je pre datog rešenja, trebalo izvršavati manuelno.
АУТОМАТИЗОВАН ПОСТУПАК ИЗРАДЕ МОДЕЛА ОБЈЕКАТА НА ОСНОВУ СИРОВОГ ОБЛАКА ТАЧАКА
Authors: Радуловић Владимир
Published: May 2022

У овом раду је описан поступак креирања модела и алата за аутоматизован поступак израде 3D модела објеката на основу сировог облака тачака. Креирање модела и алата извршено је у Model builder апликацији у оквиру ArcGIS Pro софтвера. За улазни податак модела коришћен је некласификован облака тачака добијен LiDAR системом. Облак тачака, добијен системом за ласерско скенирање у ваздуху (Airborne laser scanning - ALS), класификован је у неколико класа: тло, високи и ниски шумови и зграде. На основу креираног DEM-а, тачака класификованих као зграде и формираних контура зграда, креирани су реалистични 3D модели објеката.
АУТОМАТИЗАЦИЈА ПРОЦЕСА ИНИЦИРАЊА КОМАСАЦИОНИХ ПРОЈЕКАТА: СТУДИЈА СЛУЧАЈА ОПШТИНА БРОД
Authors: Božić Milena , Marinković Goran
Published: May 2022

У овом раду извршено је рангирање катастарских општина општине Брод употребом SAW, COPRAS, ELECTRE, AHP и TOPSIS метода, које су имплементиране у софтвер, применом програмског језика Matlab. Предложен начин одређивања приоритета за покретање комасационих пројеката може у значајној мери помоћи доносиоцу одлуке код избора општине или катастарске општине за покретање комасационог поступка.
The association of timothy grass allergy and cat ownership on cat sensitization
Authors: Can Bostan Ozge , Cakmak Mehmet Erdem , Kaya Saltuk Bugra , Tuncay Gulseren , Damadoglu Ebru , Karakaya Gul , Kalyoncu Ali Fuat
Published: May 2022

Background: Pollen hypersensitivity might be a determining factor for other nonseasonal allergens because it may indicate deviation of the immune system toward T-helper type 2 activity and immunoglobulin E sensitivity. Objective: To investigate whether
timothy grass pollen allergy may be a predictive factor for cat sensitization and whether there is an association between sensitivity to both allergens. Method: A retrospective review was made of patients with symptoms of rhinitis. The skin-prick test results and cat ownership
status of the patients were analyzed. On the basis of the skin-prick test results with Phleum pratense (timothy grass) and other pollens, the patients were analyzed in two groups: “timothy allergic” and “non‐timothy allergic.” Results: A total
of 383 patients with the diagnosis of rhinitis were included in the study, which comprised 213 (55.6%) in the timothy allergic group and 170 (44.4%) in the non‐timothy allergic group. The frequency of cat sensitization was significantly higher in the patients in the timothy allergic
group compared with those without timothy grass allergy (33.8% versus 12.3%; p < 0.001). No significant difference was determined between the two groups in terms of cat ownership (p = 0.63). In the logistic regression analysis, cat ownership (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 23.07 [95% confidence
interval {CI}, 7.72‐68.91]) and timothy allergy (adjusted OR 7.72 [95% CI, 3.16‐18.86]) were associated with an increased risk of cat sensitization. Conclusion: Timothy grass allergy may play a role in the development of cat sensitization; however, further
research is needed to clarify these associations and the underlying mechanisms.
Entorno natural de la costa de la península de Yucatán: espacio histórico de conformación laboral y formas creativas para una sociedad sustentable
Authors: Martínez Díaz Fausto José , Gutiérrez Castro Adriana Isabel
Published: May 2022

Este artículo de historia socioambiental tiene como objetivo analizar las labores que se llevaban a cabo en los ecosistemas costeros de Puerto Progreso, Yucatán y Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche a principios del siglo XX, como la forma creativa que la colectividad humana determinó para relacionarse con su entorno natural. Se expone que desde el surgimiento y desarrollo de las mencionadas ciudades portuarias, se generaron cambios socioeconómicos que transformaron los roles de sus pobladores en relación con el hábitat, y se explica la conformación de una cultura ribereña y marítima, así como la identificación de los saberes que la integraron. De esta forma, la costa se constituyó en un espacio de convergencia entre las esferas de lo natural y cultural, dando como resultado diversas interacciones y conflicto. Este estudio, por medio de fuentes primarias y secundarias, rescata los conocimientos de los pobladores y las diversas formas de pensar acerca de la naturaleza, las ideas, valores, actitudes. En conclusión: el estudio de las actividades del pasado pueden impulsarnos para crear una sociedad sustentable, a través de la revalorización de ideas aplicadas al manejo de recursos naturales y las buenas prácticas.
TAX LOAD OF BUSINESS ENTITIES AS AN OBJECT OF GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
Authors:   Chernihiv National University of Technology, Khomenko Inna , Gorobinska Iryna ,   National Transport University, Shargorodskyi Ihor ,   National Transport University
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the tax burden in Ukraine. The article reveals the importance of the tax burden indicator and assesses its impact on the activities of economic entities, opportunities for growth of production and investment potential, as well as on the development of the economy as a whole. The influence of the level of tax burden on the indicators of macro-and microeconomic development is estimated. The role of tax revenues in the formation of state budget resources is determined. The levels of tax burden are characterized, the share of basic taxes in budget revenues is analyzed. The dynamics and structure of tax payments in the revenues of the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine are estimated. The analysis of the tax system was carried out in the following direction: assessment of the level of tax burden and its impact on the dynamics of business activity, production development, investment attractiveness. The study examined and analyzed the level of integrity of tax payments, identifiedreasons for income concealment and the high level of the shadow economy, assessed the level of tax debt, examined the causes of inconsistencies between the state and taxpayers, analyzed the legal framework for taxation and identified problems and shortcomings must be eliminated. Based on the study, the existing problems and the main directions of improving the taxation system in Ukraine were identified. The article analyzes the main factors that affect the efficiency of the tax system. The main advantagesof reducing the tax burden on business entities are given, the expected results from increasing the incentive orientation of the tax system are determined. Measures to rationalize the taxation system are proposed. The main tasks of the next stage of tax reform in Ukraine have been developed.
Characterization of Jaguar Utilization Distributions in the Brazilian Pantanal
Authors: Callahan Delaney
Published: May 2022

Jaguars (Panthera onca) have been eradicated from 50% of their historical range across Mexico, Central America, and South America. The Brazilian Pantanal in west-central Brazil represents a stronghold of core habitat for the species and is an important site for conservation. Habitat in the Pantanal is threatened largely due to expanding human activity causing habitat loss and fragmentation, making remaining habitat vitally significant. This study seeks to characterize the utilization distributions of jaguars in the area to better understand the habitat use and spatial ecology of a threatened species. GPS locations taken from 13 jaguars were used to calculate estimates of kernelhomesrangesatthe50% (core range)and 95% (home range)isopleth levels. These ranges were used to quantify habitat use in relation to land cover types. Patterns of distribution heavily followed waterways, perhaps following that of their main prey,caimans(Caiman crocodilus yacare). Wetlands were the most heavily utilized among all jaguars at the 95% home range followed by grasslands. However, at the 50% core range level there was a shift in greater utilization of forest habitat over grassland. Additionally, females generally had smaller home ranges than that of males and exhibited less overlap between home ranges(27 km2) than between male home ranges(217 km2) – a key indicator of female spatial avoidance.
Recovery of Energy Through Exhaust Gas Condensation: A Profitable Idea
Authors: Jeanmonod Rémy
Published: May 2022

Cimo SA, a company situated on the chemical site of Monthey, Switzerland, runs the thermal power station providing steam and part of the electricity required for the various production buildings of Ciba Specialty Chemicals and Novartis Crop Protection.The boiler house includes several units; the main ones, Nos. 4 and 5, are used alternately:– boiler No. 4, nominal capacity of 80 t/h is used mainly in summer;– boiler No. 5, object of the present project, has a nominal rating of 160 t/h at 115 bar and 525 °C. This unit is used in winter when steam demands vary between 60 and 110 t/h.The two boilers, equipped with back-pressure turbines, are fitted with burners for natural gas and fuel oil, gas being the main fuel (95%). The low-pressure steam is then used in the various production facilities without any return of condensate to the station. Because of this fact, the feed-water of the boilers is therefore demineralised water, which must be pre-heated by low-pressure steam before being degassed. This pre-heating represents an important part of the total energy consumption.
Significant Economical and Ecological Benefits by Continuous Process Improvement in an Industrial Vitamin Synthesis Process
Authors: Rank Eberhard
Published: May 2022

A large number of today's technical vitamin bulk synthesis processes are performed in single product facilities. Some of them rely on chemistry and technology which has been in place for decades. In the meantime, generations of process chemists and specialists have successfully spent
huge efforts in optimizing these processes and pushing chemical yields to the limit. Despite of the late stage in the product life cycles of vitamins, there is still room for improvement.In view of the highly increased competitiveness and price pressure, cost cutting, both operational
and administrative, is a major goal and a key success factor in addition to the ecological performance. This article illustrates the benefits of a simplifying and relatively minor process change, which not only leads to economical but also to ecological benefits by complete elimination of
solvent cycles in the process. As a subsequent measure, the associated solvent recovery plant was shut down.
Asesinato de líderes sociales en Colombia en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Escobar Gómez Julián Andrés
Published: May 2022

El 2020 fue un año marcado por una pandemia que afectó al mundo en general, y a Colombia, en particular. Estar confinados durante varios meses, los problemas sociales como el desempleo, la violencia intrafamiliar, crisis emocionales y depresión son algunas de las más evidentes situaciones que surgieron en el mundo. Colombia no es ajena a estas cuestiones. Además, debimos enfrentar algunas otras decisiones gubernamentales que, a la larga, no fueron convenientes. Tres días sin IVA (Impuesto sobre el Valor Añadido) fueron decretados por el presidente Iván Duque Márquez. Esto contribuyó enormemente a elevar uno de los picos de la pandemia y a nuevas medidas por parte de alcaldes y gobernadores para mitigar las malas decisiones del gobierno nacional. Sin embargo, existe algo más intrigante que esto: el asesinato de líderes sociales durante ese año fue, por decir lo menos, escandaloso. Masacres, camuflados por el presidente como asesinatos colectivos, han sido lo cotidiano en medio del confinamiento. Y eso que se redujeron las muertes violentas en Colombia. El objetivo de este documento es estudiar esas cifras de asesinato de líderes sociales durante el primer año de la pandemia haciendo una comparación con otros años en nuestro pasado. Haré un énfasis particular en los retos que se asumen en este país en una época de pos pandemia.
Zoomorphic Imagery in Lezgin Folk Proverbs and Sayings
Authors: Гашарова Аида Руслановна
Published: May 2022

Устной словесности лезгин свойственна народная образность и аллегорически-символический способ художественного мышления. Автор пытается определить специфические черты зооморфных образов в фольклоре лезгин. Символические образы каждого из представителей животного мира рассматриваются на материале афористического жанра лезгинского фольклора. Большой пласт афористических произведений лезгинского фольклора, насыщенный зооморфными образами, открывает исследователям широкие возможности доступа к различным культурным кодам. Зооморфные образы в лезгинских пословицах и поговорках в настоящее время не полно освещены. Образы животных в них встречаются в виде символов, аллегорий, персонификаций, уподоблений, сравнений и т. д. Отдельную группу образуют звери, дикие и домашние животные, другую - птицы (все пернатые), а также пресмыкающиеся, насекомые, земноводные и рыбы. В ходе исследования в лезгинских паремиях нами были обнаружены образы эпических и мифологических животных. Доказано, что чаще всего народ выражает нравственные поучения, дает наставления завуалировано, посредством образного языка. Частью такой поэтики и выступают зооморфные образы-символы. Сквозь их призму народ пытается лучше рассмотреть мир людей, современное ему общество, проанализировать действия и поступки представителей различных социальных групп, раскрыть исторические, общественные и нравственные проблемы эпохи.

The oral literature of the Lezgins is characterized by folk imagery and an allegorical-symbolic way of artistic thinking. As of the present time, zoomorphic images in Lezgin proverbs and sayings have not been fully studied, although these works are saturated with zoomorphic images that allow researchers access to various cultural codes. In this article, the author tries to define the specific features of these images. Animal imagery in Lezgin proverbs and sayings occurs in the form of symbols, allegories, personifications, likenesses, and comparisons, etc. The animals depicted include wild and domestic animals, birds, reptiles, insects, amphibians and fish. The author also found images of epic and mythological animals in Lezgin paremias. She demonstrates that these works often express moral teachings and give veiled instruction through the use of figurative language, and zoomorphic image-symbols are part of their poetics. Through the prism of zoomorphic imagery, Lezgin aphoristic works interpret the actions of various social groups and reveal historical, social and moral problems of the era.
The Roadside Memorials of Crete
Authors: Громов Дмитрий Вячеславович
Published: May 2022

В статье рассматриваются практики установки придорожных мемориалов на Крите (Греция). Такие объекты существуют во многих странах мира, но в Греции их функции значительно разнообразнее. В научной литературе спонтанные мемориалы обычно рассматриваются как перформативные объекты. Они формируют два типа высказываний: коммеморативные (связанные с поминовением усопших) и социально-политические (связанные с проблемами, вызвавшими гибель). Случай Греции представляет еще один тип высказываний - религиозные. Придорожные памятники являются еще и часовнями, объектами, пригодными для исполнения религиозных обрядов. Они называются как религиозные объекты: иконостасии, реже екклисакии, проскинитарии, кандилакии. Придорожные мемориалы содержат религиозную символику (иконы, изображение креста и др.); служат местом исполнения религиозных обрядов (поминальных молитв, поддержания огня и др.); они внешне неотличимы от православных часовен, выполняющих чисто религиозные функции. Придорожные мемориалы являются частным случаем сакрализации дорожного пространства. Дороги Крита оборудованы большим количеством маленьких церквей. Высокая степень сакрализации дорожного пространства Греции (в том числе коммеморации) коррелирует с высоким уровнем религиозности. Больше нигде в мире нет такой высокой плотности придорожных мемориалов (примерно один объект на 600 м). Здесь широко распространена уникальная традиция установки обетных знаков, сооружающихся в благодарность за спасение в авариях. Такие практики были известны исторически, но сейчас они встречаются в мире очень редко

This article describes the practice of installing roadside memorials in Crete (Greece). Similar memorials exist in many countries of the world, but the functions of Greek ones are unusual. In the scholarly literature spontaneous memorials are usually considered as performative objects making two types of statements: commemorative (associated with remembrance of the dead) and socio-political (associated with the problems that caused the death). The case of Greece presents another type of statement - religious. Roadside memorials are also chapels, objects suitable for religious practice. They are referred to as religious objects: iconostasia, less often ekklisakia, proskinitaria, kandilakia. Roadside memorials contain religious symbols (icons, images of a cross, etc.) and serve as places for religious practice (memorial prayers, keeping a fire burning, etc.); externally they are indistinguishable from Orthodox chapels. Roadside memorials are a special case of the sacralization of road space. Crete’s roads feature many small churches and the high degree of sacralization of Greek road space (including commemoration) correlates with a high level of religiosity. Nowhere else in the world is there such a high density of roadside memorials (approximately one per 600 meters). The unique tradition of installing “vow marks” or “tokens” (obetnye znaki) erected in gratitude for rescue in accidents is also widespread. Such practices may have been historically known elsewhere in the world but are now very rare.
Role of electronic structure on nitrate reduction to ammonium: a periodic journey
Authors: Carvalho O. Quinn , Marks Rylee , Nguyen Hoan K.K. , Vitale-Sullivan Molly E. , Martinez Selena C. , Arnadottir Liney , Stoerzinger Kelsey A.
Published: May 2022

Electrocatalytic reduction of waste nitrate to ammonium provides a circular process with reduced carbon dioxide emissions compared to current nitrate treatment and ammonia production processes. However, electrocatalysts require a delicate balance between a surfaces’ activity for the competing hydrogen evolution (HER) and nitrate reduction reactions (NO3RR). We measure ammonium Faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of several transition metals (TMs) ranging from 3.6±6.6% (on Ag) to 93.7±0.9% (on Co) in neutral buffered media. A microkinetic model identifies competitive adsorption between nitrate and hydrogen adatoms (H*) as the origin of voltage-dependent nitrate rate order. NO3RR FE is described via competition for electrons with the HER, decreasing sharply for TMs with high work function or hydrogen adsorption energy. Density functional theory calculations indicate Co maximizes ammonium selectivity by: (1) binding intermediate nitrite strongly to enable subsequent reduction; and (2) promoting subsequent nitric oxide dissociation, leading to selective reduction of nitrogen adatoms (N*) to ammonium.
Comparing corrosion control treatments using a robust Bayesian generalized additive model
Authors: Trueman Benjamin F , James Wendell , Shu Trevor , Doré Evelyne , Gagnon Graham A
Published: May 2022

Pipe loop studies are used routinely to evaluate corrosion control treatment, and updated regulatory guidance will ensure that they remain an important tool for water quality management. But they are inherently complex and the data they generate are difficult to analyze: non-linear time-trends, non-detects, extreme values, and autocorrelation are common features, the latter due to repeatedly measuring the effluent from test pipes. Popular statistical tests, such as the Student t or rank-sum tests, are often inadequate descriptions of the data. Here, we propose an approach to statistical analysis of pipe loop data that accommodates many of these difficult-to-model characteristics: a robust Bayesian generalized additive model with continuous-time autoregressive errors. Our model facilitates corrosion control treatment comparisons without the need for imputing non-detects or special handling of outliers. It is well-suited to describing nonlinear trends without overfitting, and it accounts for reduced information content due to autocorrelation. We demonstrate the model using an example pipe loop study comprising four years of data, multiple pipe configurations, and multiple orthophosphate dosing protocols. We compare the experimental treatments, finding that an initially high dose of orthophosphate (2 mg P L-1) that is subsequently lowered (0.75 mg P L-1) can yield lower lead release than an intermediate dose (1 mg P L-1) in the long term. We also find that—consistent with previous work—galvanic corrosion yields relatively high particulate lead release, especially at higher orthophosphate doses. An advantage of the Bayesian approach we adopt here is that it yields the full posterior distribution of all parameters and all quantities derived from those parameters, including the model predictions. This means that analysts can construct any comparison that is relevant to the study goals, without the need to rely on a particular statistical test.
Effect of reducible and irreducible search space representations on adaptive design efficiency: a case study on maximizing packing fraction for solid rocket fuel propellant simulations
Authors: Baird Sterling , Hall Jason R. , Sparks Taylor D.
Published: May 2022

Would you rather search for a point inside of a line or a line inside of a rectangle? This is a type of solution degeneracy that often exists physics-based simulations and wetlab experiments, but constraining these degeneracies is often unsupported or difficult-to-implement in many optimization packages, requiring additional time and expertise. So, is the increase in efficiency worth the cost of implementation? We demonstrate that the compactness of a search space (to what extent degenerate solutions and nonsolutions are removed) can have a significant effect on Bayesian optimization search efficiency via the Ax platform. As our optimization task, we use a physics-based particle packing simulation with seven to nine tunable parameters, depending on the search space compactness, that represent three truncated, discrete log-normal distributions of particle sizes. This physics-based simulation exhibits three qualitatively different degeneracy types: size-invariance, compositional-invariance, and permutation-invariance. The degeneracies are reflected in the outcomes being identical when: 1. all particle sizes are multiplied by a constant factor, 2. the fractional prevalences of the particle types sum to unity, and 3. sets of log-normal distribution parameters are swapped with each other, respectively. This simulation provides fertile ground for assessing the impact of multiple constraints on search efficiency, with a total of eight search space types which ranges from none up to all three constraints imposed simultaneously. Contrary to intuition, we find that, on average, the most compact search space performs worse than the least compact search space ((0.692 ± 0.036) vs. (0.699 ± 0.016) , respectively) over 50 iterations due to the interactions of the non-linear size-invariance degeneracy with other degeneracy types. The most efficient search space in terms of both predicted and validated outcomes is the combination of the composition and permutation constraints, resulting in a mean packing fraction of (0.728±0.010) over 50 iterations, where randomly sampled volume fractions are typically no less than 0.6. We recommend that optimization practitioners in the physical sciences carefully consider the impact of removing search space degeneracies on search efficiency prior to running expensive optimization campaigns.
NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT TO REDUCE THE RISK OF INJURY WITH THE INTERNET OF THINGS AND ERGONOMIC APPROACH
Authors: Berlianty Intan , Rachmawati L Dyah
Published: May 2022

The noise caused by the sound of machinery can hurt the work environment. Sound exposure that is above the threshold causes health risks, premature fatigue, and loss of concentration. Workers must control the noise level they receive. It takes a tool where workers can monitor the noise level, they receive through sensors attached to themselves and take preventive action when the noise threshold will be reached. This can be done using the internet of things approach to expand internet connectivity that is connected continuously. The purpose of this research is to create a system in the workplace that can monitor noise conditions, which can be set remotely based on Arduino so that the data generated can be real-time. This will provide comfort for workers and can reduce the adverse effects of noise. The result of the study shows that the Internet of Things system has worked well and can identify noise levels and provide feedback to workers through the received signal when the noise threshold is reached.
THE PSYCHOSOCIAL EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA CYBERBULLYING ON STUDENTS IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Chukwuere Precious Chibuike , Chukwuere Joshua Ebere , Adom Dickson
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the psychosocial impact of cyberbullying on social media among students in Nigeria, Ghana, Zimbabwe, and Cameroon. The study adopted a quantitative research methodology in collecting data from 99 students across the selected African countries using a well-designed electronic questionnaire (e-questionnaire). The study found that cyberbullying on social media has psychosocial implications for the student. Furthermore, the study revealed ways and strategies to mitigate the spread and act of cyberbullying of students on social media platforms. Conclusively, the study unpacked the psychosocial impacts of cyberbullying on students. Therefore, the research, without a doubt, contributed to an in-depth understanding of various aspects of the psychosocial impact of cyberbullying on social media on students and as well as a possible profound solution to mitigating cyberbullying.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND SHEAR STRENGTH OF BOILER SLAG
Authors: Sidek Norbaya , M.A Hafez. , Abd Rahman Abdul Samad , Ruzilan Puteri Elya
Published: May 2022

This study is about the determination of the physical and engineering properties of boiler slag. The boiler slag is a by-product that is obtained from the Tanjung Bin power plant. The source of reference for the use of boiler slag is minimal for this type of applications. However, this is an environmental suggestion to utilise the disposed of by-product from the ash pond. In this study, the properties of boiler slag are determined, such as the specific gravity, particle size distribution and shear strength. The specific gravity of boiler slag obtained was found to be 2.45, falls in the range provided by User Guidelines for Waste and By-product Materials in Pavement Construction by Federal Highway Administration. While, the shear strength for three samples tested were 73.78kN, 141.2kPa, and 285.9kPa. The internal friction angle of the sample obtained by the plotted graph of shear stress vs normal stress is 55°. The result obtained was analysed and concluded to acknowledge the capability of boiler slag as a construction material to be used in construction, mainly in pavement industries.
ASSESSMENT AND ADAPTATION OF A NAERC PEDAL MILLET THRESHER FOR THRESHING SORGHUM (Junelo) IN NEPAL
Authors: Khatri Shailendra , Shrestha Shreemat , Bhandari Ganga Ram , Jha Sanjeet Kumar
Published: May 2022

Traditional threshing (pounding, animal trampling, beating the harvested heads with sticks on bare ground or in bags), a most common manual threshing practice for majority of the farm households is a slow, tedious, drudgerious and labor intensive practices in Nepal. Therefore, there is need of threshing mechanization option suitable for smallholder farmers to replace the manual threshing of sorghum. As most of the farmers have small land holding, poor economy and insufficient electric power supply, a pedal operated millet thresher was playing important role especially for threshing millet in Nepal. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a NAERC pedal millet thresher for threshing sorghum. Thresher was evaluated in terms of different performance parameters such as threshing capacity, threshing efficiency, grain loss, and associated threshing labour and cost. In addition, the physical and engineering properties of sorghum grain namely, moisture content, linear dimensions, 1000 grain weight, particle and bulk density, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, equivalent diameter, shape index, sphericity, aspect ratio, porosity, repose angle and friction properties behavior on different surfaces were studied. The average threshing capacity of the pedal thresher (machine threshing) for sorghum was obtained as 28.20±3.07 kg/hr with a threshing efficiency of 93.36% at an average moisture content of 11.44%, and concave clearance of 6 mm, respectively while that of stick beating (manual method) was 12.2±0.2 kg/hr. The average broken grain losses of 5.00±1.19% and 6.8±0.9% were found in machine threshing and manual threshing, however, unthreshed grain was higher in thresher (6.6±0.91%) than stick beating (4.1±1.2%). Considering economic perspectives, a labour saving of 46.41% was achieved by the use of pedal thresher (47.85 man-hr/mt) compared to manual threshing (103.9 man-hr/mt). Manual threshing needs almost 2.15 hours to thresh equal mass as that by thresher in one hour. Similarly, cost saving of 24.24 % was occurred in custom hired machine threshing (NRs 7000/mt) with respect to manual method (NRs 9239.7/mt). Conclusively, this technology is widely accepted by farmers for threshing finger millet, thus this study on sorghum threshing explored its multi-use benefit in maximizing thresher use per year and increase profitability.
EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF CENTER PIVOT VERSUS FURROW IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN SUGARCANE PRODUCTION AT GREEN FUEL ESTATE IN CHIPINGE, ZIMBABWE
Authors: Mufunda Ability , Mupaso Norman , Maparara Tendai , Chipunza Nyasha
Published: May 2022

The study was conducted at Green Fuel Chisumbanje Estate in Chipinge, Zimbabwe. The study evaluated financial performance of Center pivot versus Furrow irrigation systems in sugarcane production. Secondary data were obtained from the Estate, Zimbabwe Electricity Transmission and Distribution Company, Agricultural Bank of Zimbabwe, Commercial Bank of Zimbabwe, First Capital bank, Zimbabwe National Water Authority and FAOSTAT. Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) was used to assess financial performance. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was done to measure the responsiveness of financial performance to changes in market interest rate. CBA results showed that the Center pivot system is more financially viable [Net Present Value (NPV) =USD36 472; Internal Rate of Return (IRR) =50% and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) =1.26] than Furrow the system (NPV=USD24 414; IRR=49% and BCR=1.06). Furrow system was found to be less desirable (BCR falling from 1.06 to 0.99) than Center pivot system (BCR falling from 1.26 to 1.17) in case the discount rate increases from 15% (lowest market rate by commercial banks during study period) to 18% (highest market rate charged by commercial banks). The study concluded that the Center pivot system is more financially viable for sugarcane production despite having higher investment costs than the Furrow system. The study recommends Green Fuel Estate to invest more on the Center pivot system than Furrow system in the long-run.
ESTIMATION OF SEDIMENTARY THICKNESS FOR HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OVER PART OF ADAMAWA TROUGH, NE NIGERIA USING MAGNETIC METHOD
Authors: S.A Ajala , K. A Salako , A. A Rafiu , U. D Alahassan , T Adewumi , Y.A Sanusi
Published: May 2022

This study presents the results of the analysis and interpretation of aeromagnetic data over part of Adamawa trough with the aim of investigating the hydrocarbon potential of the study area. The study area is located between latitude 8.50oN and 9.50oN and longitudes 11.50oE and 12.50oE. The Total magnetic intensity map of the study area was subjected to regional/residual separation. Three depth estimating techniques applied on the residual map to determine the thickness of sediments in the study area were Source parameter imaging, Euler deconvolution and spectral method. The results of these methods corroborate; the SPI, Euler Deconvolution and Spectral method shows a thick sedimentation of 4.42 km, 4.20 km and 4.17 km at the north-eastern part of the study area respectively. The SPI, Euler deconvolution and the Spectral method reveal shallow depth of 0.06 km, 0.10 km and 0.42 km at the southeast, southern and southwest part of the study area respectively. The maximum sedimentary thickness of above 4 km obtained in this study at the north-eastern part of the study area which corresponds to Numal might be sufficient for hydrocarbon maturation and accumulation. The study area was found to have a good prospect for hydrocarbon exploration.
PRODUCTIVITY COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL AND SINGLE SLOPE SOLAR STILL WITH INTERNAL REFLECTORS: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Saleem Rana Noman , Khan Shahbaz Nasir , Khan Hafiz Muhammad Safdar , Nasir Abdul
Published: May 2022

Nearly two-third part of earth cover by water and this water is not for drinking from this only one percent is only for human use and which is not of sufficient to fulfill the human needs as water is the base of life so to overcome this water shortage problems there are different techniques which are helpful for the treatment of water like Desalination, phytoremediation, reverse osmosis, filtration, chlorination, coagulation and flocculation. As above-described processes solar water distillation is one of the most economic and renewable technique which is easily available everywhere. Many varieties of solar still are now developed regarding design like symmetric solar still, Asymmetric solar still, inclined single slope still, double slope still Steeped solar still and vacuum tube solar still etc. There are different natural factors which effect the yield of water purification like solar radiation, water depth in the basin, ambient temperature, and wind speed. These solar still are successful in arid atmosphere like in continent Africa and some parts of Asia where there is water shortage and irradiance values are higher there. Solar still working principle is to evaporate water in the basin and condense it on glass inner surface and then collect it in the collector. Conventional solar stills are less productive as compared to stills with vacuum tubes and steeped solar still in which internal reflectors were used.
LEAF ANATOMY AND MICROMORPHOLOGY OF SELECTED EUPHORBIACEAE SPECIES IN KUANTAN, PAHANG, MALAYSIA
Authors: Ishak Asiah Nabihan , Che Amri Che Nurul Aini , Shahari Rozilawati , Tajudin Nur Shuhada
Published: May 2022

Leaf anatomy and micromorphology study was carried out on three selected taxa in Euphorbiaceae. The three chosen taxa were Jatropha curcas Linn., Euphorbia milii Des Moul. and Euphorbia hirta Linn. The methods involved procedures such as sectioning using sliding microtome, epidermal peeling and leaf micromorphology method using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The aim of this study is to identify the common, variation and diagnostic characteristics of leaf anatomy and micromorphology of selected species collected from Kuantan area which can give additional information for identification and classification of species. Findings in this study have shown that there were two common characters present in all the species studied which include the presence of mucilage cells and cuticular sculpturing of abaxial and adaxial epidermis. Meanwhile, several variable characters have been recorded in this study which can be useful in species differentiation such as vascular bundles arrangement in the midrib, pattern of anticlinal wall, types of stomata, waxes and trichomes. The diagnostic characteristics identified in this study are sinuous anticlinal wall pattern and anomocytic type of stomata that can only be found in E.hirta while crust of wax type and absence of trichomes can only be found in E.milii. The study reveals that leaf anatomy and micromorphology characteristics have taxonomic values and can be used as an additional data for identification and classification of species in Euphorbiaceae.
TREATMENT PLANT FOR DOMESTIC EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – (HOUSING AREA)
Authors: Ali H. Mohammed , Udaiyakumar K.C.
Published: May 2022

People in developing nations, like INDIA, INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, BANGLADESH, SRILANKA, AFRICA, THAILAND and Developing Countries etc., face a great deal of issues as far as sewage the executives. This is on the grounds that sanitation arrangement is horribly insufficient. A great many people don’t approach clean toilets, and a lot of fecal waste are released to the earth without satisfactory treatment. In perspective on this, an investigation was done with the point of surveying information, practices, observations, and encounters of family unit on sanitation and sewage the executives in Chennai. The aim of this project is to treat the waste water and reuse the waste water for domestic purpose such as flushing and gardening with minimum cost. The family unit overview results demonstrate that the sewage system stays immature, and there is no reasonable vision to improve the framework created in the family unit isn’t re- utilized, it is for the most part discharged outside. In the tempest water seepage framework legitimately. Sewage treatment from the treatment plants is depleted into surface water bodies, for example, waterways and the sea.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF BANANA PEELS CO DIGESTED WITH BIOGAS SLURRY IN ANAEROBIC BIOREACTOR
Authors: Zahoor Atif , Arslan Ch , Tahir Muhammad Asad , Rahman Farooqi Zia Ur , Shoaib Muhammad , Saqlain Muhammad , Safdar Muhammad , Ahmad Noman
Published: May 2022

Due to increase in demand our conventional resources are insufficient to fulfill the world energy demand. Renewable techniques are extremely economical due to converting useless waste into energy. To achieve that purpose anaerobic digestion was performed on banana peels with co digested with biogas slurry. Input feedstock to anaerobic plant was banana peels which already passed through four pretreatments such as, glycerol, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and acetic acid at variable conditions. Glycerol treatment give most efficient results due to more removal of lignin up to 87%. Anaerobic digestion is completely environmental friendly with no carbon dioxide emission and due to benefits it can adopted more in future on industrial and domestic scale. 6 liter capacity tank was installed at 4 liter with 10% TS level to giving space at top for biogas production. Trails was performed at two temperature 37°C and 55°C but more biogas produced at 55 °C with retention time period of eighteen days. In slurry tank manually stirring was provided and produced gas was calculated through water displacement method. This study help to decrease city waste by installing anaerobic plants. In that way we can achieve sustainability and waste can also be controlled.
DESIGNING, FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL COMPOSTER FOR ECONOMICAL BIOWASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Shehzadi Saira , Azhar Ali M. , Farid M. Usman , Kashif M.
Published: May 2022

In the last few years, the rapid increase of human population are creating many environmental problems because of intensification of human activities. A huge amount of wastes are generated from industries including food and agriculture industries. It is essential to protect the natural resources. It can be done with best management practices of agriculture waste in future Composting is the best method to handle the food, agricultural and industrial waste. The main objective of this research is the design and fabrication of an indigenous composter to conserve the agriculture waste. Composter structure is based on two shells. One is inner shells which is having diameter of 48 inches and outer shell having diameter of 52 inches. Between these two shells heat in the form of steam is circulated to give high temperature for pasteurization of compost. Raw material is added in the inner shell. Two gears are attached with this composter structure. One is driving gear which is also small gear attached with motor. Other one is larger gear which is adjusted according to our desire RPM requirement. Larger gear further rotates the shaft present in the inner shell of composter. Gear motor is used having the power of 3355 Watt Watt. Material used for this composter was mild steel. A boiler was attached to this composter to flow the steam in outer shell of composter. Agriculture waste considered for this research corn straw waste. The analysis have been done in a composter for compost effecting parameters. The effect of three independent parameters pressure, RPM and feeding rate was analyzed on the composting time of waste. Results indicated that increase in the RPM the time of composting also increase because of oxygen cannot consumed fully at higher RPM. Whereas the increase in feeding rate decrease the time of composting because the greater number of microbial activities generated in the composting process and compost prepared in less time. In case of pressure, higher the pressure the time of composting decreases because at higher pressure the time rise quickly and thermophilic conditions occurs quickly. At RPM 12 and feeding rate 15kg in 62.89± 2.26 time compost was prepared it was the least time as compare to others. At 10 RPM and 1 bar pressure composting time notice was 65.33±2.60. In combination of feeding rate and pressure, at feeding rate 15kg and pressure 0.5 bar least time noticed 63.00± 2.35.
Accounting for Risk in a Linearized Solution: How to Approximate the Risky Steady State and Around It
Authors: Lopez Pierlauro , Lopez-Salido David , Vazquez-Grande Francisco
Published: May 2022

We propose a novel approximation of the risky steady state and construct first-order perturbations around it for a general class of dynamic equilibrium models with time-varying and non-Gaussian risk. We offer analytical formulas and conditions for their local existence and uniqueness. We apply this approximation technique to models featuring Campbell-Cochrane habits, recursive preferences, and time-varying disaster risk, and show how the proposed approximation represents the implications of the model similarly to global solution methods. We show that our approximation of the risky steady state cannot be generically replicated by higher-order perturbations around the deterministic steady state, which cannot account well for the effects of risk in our applications even up to third order. Finally, we argue that our perturbation can be viewed as a generalized version of the heuristic loglinear-lognormal approximations commonly used in the macro-finance literature.
The Radon Flux Density is 222 in the Soils of the Tobolsk District of the Tyumen Region
Authors:   Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station UB RAS, Kolobov A. P.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the work is to determine potentially radon dangerous areas for the local population on the territory of Kondinskaya lowland within the boundaries of Tobolsk district of Tyumen region with the help of radon monitoring complex “CAMERA-01”. The density of the radon-222 flux was defined at the soil depth from 0 to 100 cm in 10 plots. The plots are located on the low above floodplain terrace, in the levee and central floodplains of the Irtysh River and a tributary of the Tobol River – the Suklyomka River. The highest average value of radon-222 exhalation from the soil surface was found in the vicinity of Makedonova village – 39 mBq/(m2·s), in the rest of the tested soil plots it was not more than 18 mBq/(m2·s). The received data on density of radon-222 flux from the surface of soils of the investigated plots make it possible to say that they do not refer to potentially radon-hazardous. At the same time it is found that the territories around the village Usharovo, the village of Makedonova and settlement Savinsky Zaton (floodplain terraces of the Irtysh River) at a depth of 40 to 100 cm have average values of the flux density of natural radionuclide exceeding 200 mBq/(m2·s). Only in soils of the floodplain terrace of the river Suklyomka – a tributary of the Tobol river the radon– 222 flux density below 80 mBq/(m2 s) – I class of radon-hazard was fixed at the whole investigated depth. The highest average density of the radon–222 flow (1200 mBq/(m2·s)) at the depth of 100 cm was found in the vicinity of the settlement Savinsky Zaton, probably associated with the transfer of radon-222 from groundwater of the liquidated well, near which the sampling of radon-222 was made.