bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-Psychological Perspectives on the Potential for Serious Games to Promote Transcendental Values in IWRM Decision-Making
Authors: Marini Dianna , Medema Wietske , Adamowski Jan , Veissière Samuel P. L. , Mayer Igor , Wals Arjen E. J.
Published: August 2018

Modern day challenges of water resource management involve difficult decision-making in the face of increasing complexity and uncertainty. However, even if all decision-makers possessed perfect knowledge, water management decisions ultimately involve competing values, which will only get more prominent with increasing scarcity and competition over resources. Therefore, an important normative goal for water management is long-term cooperation between stakeholders. According to the principles of integrated water resource management (IWRM), this necessitates that managerial decisions support social equity and intergenerational equity (social equity that spans generations). The purpose of this discussion is to formulate preliminary recommendations for the design of serious games (SGs), a potential learning tool that may give rise to shared values and engage stakeholders with conflicting interests to cooperate towards a common goal. Specifically, this discussion explores whether SGs could promote values that transcend self-interest (transcendental values), based on the contributions of social psychology. The discussion is organized in the following way. First, an introduction is provided as to why understanding values from psychological perspectives is both important for water management and a potential avenue for learning in SGs. Second, a review of the description of values and mechanisms of value change from the field of social psychology is presented. This review highlights key psychological constraints to learning or applying values. Based on this review, recommendations are made for SGs designers to consider when developing games for water management, in order to promote transcendental values. Overall, the main conclusions from exploring the potential of value change for IWRM through SGs design are as follows: 1-SGs design needs to consider how all values change systematically; 2-SGs design should incorporate the many value conflicts that are faced in real life water management, 3-SGs could potentially promote learning by having players reflect on the reasoning behind value priorities across water management situations, and 4-value change ought to be tested in an iterative SGs design process using the Schwartz’s Value Survey (SVS) (or something akin to it).
Witnessing Galaxy Assembly at the Edge of the Reionization Epoch*
Authors: D’Odorico V. , Feruglio C. , Ferrara A. , Gallerani S. , Pallottini A. , Carniani S. , Maiolino R. , Cristiani S. , Marconi A. , Piconcelli E. , Fiore F.
Published: August 2018

We report the discovery of Serenity-18, a galaxy at z ≃ 5.939 for which we could measure the content of molecular gas, M(H2) ≃ 5 × 109
M
⊙, traced by the CO(6–5) emission, together with the metal-poor ([Fe/H] =−3.08 ± 0.12, [Si/H] = −2.86 ± 0.14) gas clump/filament which is possibly feeding its growth. The galaxy has an estimated star formation rate of ≈100 M
⊙ yr−1, implying that it is a typical main sequence galaxy at these redshifts. The metal-poor gas is detected through a damped Lyα absorber (DLA) observed at a spatial separation of 40 kpc and at the same redshift of Serenity-18, along the line of sight to the quasar SDSS J2310+1855 (z
em ≃ 6.0025). The chemical abundances measured for the damped Lyα system are in very good agreement with those measured for other DLAs discovered at similar redshifts, indicating an enrichment due to massive PopII stars. The galaxy/damped system that we discovered is a direct observational evidence of the assembly of a galaxy at the edge of the reionization epoch.
Discovery of Extended Main Sequence Turnoffs in Galactic Open Clusters
Authors: Marino A. F. , Milone A. P. , Casagrande L. , Przybilla N. , Balaguer-Núñez L. , Criscienzo M. Di , Serenelli A. , Vilardell F.
Published: August 2018

The color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of Galactic open clusters are widely considered to be the prototypes of single stellar populations. By using photometry in ultraviolet and optical bands we discovered that the nearby young cluster NGC 6705 (M11) exhibits an extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO) and a broadened main sequence (MS). This is the first evidence of multiple stellar populations in a Galactic open cluster. By using high-resolution Very Large Telescope (VLT) spectra we provide direct evidence that the multiple sequences along the CMD correspond to stellar populations with different rotation rates. Specifically, the blue MS (bMS) is formed of slow-rotating stars, while red-MS (rMS) stars are fast rotators. Moreover, we exploit photometry from Gaia data release 2 (DR2) to show that three Galactic open clusters, namely NGC 2099, NGC 2360, and NGC 2818, exhibit the eMSTO, thus suggesting that it is a common feature among these objects. Our previous work on the Large Magellanic Cloud star cluster NGC 1818 shows that slowly and rapidly rotating stars populate the bMS and rMS observed in its CMD. The similarities between M11 and the young clusters of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) suggest that rotation is responsible for the appearance of multiple populations in the CMDs of both Milky Way open clusters and MCs young clusters.
Physics of Pair Producing Gaps in Black Hole Magnetospheres
Authors: Chen Alexander Y. , Yuan Yajie , Yang Huan
Published: August 2018

In some low-luminosity accreting supermassive black hole systems, the supply of plasma in the funnel region can be a problem. It is believed that a local region with an unscreened electric field can exist in the black hole magnetosphere, accelerating particles and producing high-energy gamma-rays that can create e
± pairs. We carry out time-dependent self-consistent 1D PIC simulations of this process, including inverse-Compton scattering and photon tracking. We find a highly time-dependent solution where a macroscopic gap opens quasi-periodically to create e
± pairs and high-energy radiation. If this gap is operating at the base of the jet in M87, we expect an intermittency on the order of a few r

g
/c, which coincides with the timescale of the observed TeV flares from the same object. For Sagittarius A* the gap electric field can potentially grow to change the global magnetospheric structure, which may explain the lack of a radio jet at the center of our galaxy.
« Objets inanimés, avez-vous donc une âme », ou Psyché en sciences de gestion
Authors: Naszályi Philippe
Published: August 2018

Faire cohabiter Lamartine avec John Venn est en quelque sorte le pari de ce numéro qui inaugure 2018. Cette parution qui ouvre 2018, placé sous le signe de Psyché, le « principe pensant » pour Aristote, confronte les sciences de gestion avec les horizons des manifestations conscientes et inconscientes de la personnalité. Ouvert par le travail sur le contrat psychologique, fondamental en RH, de François Renon et d’Anne Goujon-Belghit, chercheurs à la Chaire de Capital Humain et de Performance Globale de l’Université de Bordeaux, ce numéro présente deux dossiers thématiques : Psyché et la consommation et Psyché et la gouvernance . Rationalité selon J. Venn, notamment et variétés des cultures, ici symbolisés par les alphabets grecs, latins et cyrilliques, et si loin du main stream sclérosant, nous semblent résumer psyché et ses nombreuses déclinaisons en sciences de gestion. Tout n’est-il pas symbole ?
L’idéologie dans le contrat psychologique : une lecture lacanienne
Authors: Renon François , Goujon-Belghit Anne
Published: August 2018

Le contrat psychologique s’élabore à partir des schémas mentaux élaborés par les individus dans leur relation à l’emploi. À mesure que le temps passe, le contrat psychologique tend à évoluer et à devenir de plus en plus abstrait. La relation à l’emploi comprend à la fois des normes et des idéologies. Voilà pourquoi le contrat psychologique renvoie aux composantes de l’imaginaire du psychisme humain. La théorie lacanienne est mobilisée pour aborder la question de l’impact de l’imaginaire dans la relation à l’emploi des individus. Notre questionnement s’intéresse aux impacts de l’inconscient sur la construction du contrat psychologique. Suite à l’analyse des discours produits par les individus d’une organisation du secteur du vin à Bordeaux, nous montrons que les répondants élaborent leur contrat psychologique selon différents mécanismes. Les idéaux des dirigeants se transmettent aux collaborateurs qui s’appuient de manière inconsciente sur des substrats idéologiques afin de combler des manques. Le contrat psychologique n’est pas constant car il est élaboré à la frontière entre ces idéaux partagés, les manques des individus mais également la confrontation avec la réalité qui génère des situations ambivalentes, sources d’insatisfaction.
La satisfaction, ou l’insatisfaction des consommateurs de services des prestataires de formation dans un contexte dynamique et comparatif : une approche par les ensembles flous
Authors: Samba Bruno
Published: August 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de mesurer, dans un contexte dynamique et comparatif, l’insatisfaction des consommateurs de services des prestataires de formation, en s’inscrivant dans l’approche des ensembles flous. S’inspirant du cadre à la logique totalement floue et relative, ou TFR, de B. Cheli et A. Lemmi (1995) et des travaux d’A. Filippone et al. (2001) qui introduient la dynamique dans ce cadre, nous construisons des indicateurs d’insatisfaction intéressants : ces indicateurs appréhendent bien le décalage temporel entre deux promotions de stagiaires. Pour donner plus de portée à notre travail, nous avons vérifié notre approche avec une étude concrète de deux formations de professionnels de taxis, réalisée en Loire-Atlantique, en France, durant l’année 2013.
Sensibilité au risque du consommateur face à la peur de mourir
Authors: Sogbossi Bocco Bertrand
Published: August 2018

En raison des nombreux scandales liés aux intoxications alimentaires et à la dégradation de l’environnement, les consommateurs développent de plus en plus un réflexe de contrôle social et adoptent même un comportement de boycott des produits de l’entreprise suspectée. Alors que les réactions habituelles face aux déviations des entreprises sont marquées par des sanctions et rejets, elles se manifestent dans les pays en développement par une préférence des produits contrefaits dont les médicaments de la rue. À travers une recherche de terrain auprès de 362 consommateurs, cette recherche tente d’analyser les déterminants d’une telle tolérance des populations à revenu faible aux médicaments de la rue.
Le 4PL au cœur des chaînes logistiques : une nouvelle dynamique d’intermédiation
Authors: Fattam Nejib , Paché Gilles
Published: August 2018

Le prestataire de services logistiques dénommé 4PL se caractérise par une plasticité de sa structure organisationnelle et son emplacement central dans la chaîne logistique. Une telle position en termes d’intermédiation est favorisée par la présence de compétences architecturales, d’assemblage et d’orchestration. La dynamique du 4PL est marquée également par un encastrement relationnel et un maillage social significatif. Une recherche de terrain conduite en France auprès de 47 entreprises de type 4PL permet d’identifier trois modèles d’affaires distincts, à savoir le modèle d’affaires « 4PL pur », le modèle d’affaires « 3PL & 4PL combiné », et le modèle d’affaires « consulting ».
Population Characteristics of Yellow Perch in a Central Appalachia Hydropower Reservoir
Authors: Hilling Corbin D. , Taylor Nate D. , Welsh Stuart A. , Smith Dustin M.
Published: August 2018

Estimates of population characteristics of sport fishes inform fisheries management decisions and provide feedback on management strategies. Cheat Lake provides an unusual fishery in West Virginia because the hydropower reservoir supports a Yellow Perch Perca flavescens population. We estimated age structure, size structure, condition, total instantaneous mortality, growth, and summer diet for Cheat Lake Yellow Perch based on electrofishing collections in 2012. From 302 individuals, we observed a maximum age of 9 y. Maximum age, average size, and growth of females in the sample exceeded those of males. Cheat Lake Yellow Perch scored low on the relative weight index, but generally exhibited faster growth than other populations, even when compared by sex. Estimated annual survival was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.51–0.78), which is comparable to other exploited populations. These data support the presence of an ontogenetic diet shift from consumption of zooplankton to macroinvertebrates and fishes as Yellow Perch age. This study is the first evaluation we are aware of on Yellow Perch population characteristics in West Virginia, providing baseline data to enhance management decisions and direct future studies.
Robust Micro Arc Oxidation Coatings on 6061 Aluminum Alloys via Surface Thickening and Microvoid Reducing Approach
Authors: Zhu Qing Jun , Wang Bin Bin , Zhao Xia , Zhang Bin Bin
Published: August 2018

The hardness and wear resistance of micro arc oxidation (MAO) ceramic coatings were influenced by phase compositions, surface thickness, porosity and microcracks. In this work, ceramic coatings with enhanced microhardness and friction resistance were fabricated on 6061 Al-alloy by increasing thickness and decreasing porosity through adding sodium hexametaphosphate ((NaPO3)6) as additive in silicate-based electrolyte. Surface morphologies and microhardness of the as-fabricated MAO coatings were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thickness meter. As a binary additive, the addition of (NaPO3)6 in electrolytes can obviously change the surface morphologies, thickness and microhardness of the resultant MAO coatings.
Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Process of Saponification Reaction from Coconut Oil in Ben Tre - Vietnam
Authors: Nhan Nguyen Phu Thuong , Hien Tran Thien , Nhan Le Thi Hong , Anh Phan Nguyen Quynh , Huy Le Tan , Nguyen Thi Cam Trinh , Nguyen Duy Trinh , Bach Long Giang
Published: August 2018

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the conditions of the saponification reaction (Concentration of alkaline solution (%), temperature (°C) and reaction time (hour)). Level of foaming and durability of the emulsion (cleaning ability) from the product of the saponification reaction are two factors to evaluate the optimization process by RSM. After optimization, the alkaline solution concentration is 11%, the reaction was carried out for 2.5-3 hours at 85°C for the highest level of foaming and the most prolonged durability of the emulsion. This parameter was compared with the experiment, and the results showed that there was no significant error, this proves that the RSM model has good repeatability, can optimally correct and is essential in optimizing the survey parameters.
The Method to Determine Material Constants in Ductile Fracture Criterion
Authors: Wei Jun , Yang Lian Fa , Guo Jian
Published: August 2018

In the metal plastic forming process, ductile fracture is an important factor influencing the forming properties of materials, and the ductile fracture criterion can effectively predict the moment and location when the material fracture. When using the ductile fracture criterion predicts the fracture of materials, the material constants expressed in integral form is an important index that affect the prediction accuracy. At present, the method to determine the material constants in the ductile fracture criterion is mostly combined with basic test. Therefore, the method to determine the material constants in ductile fracture criterion is introduced in this paper. These methods are divided into numerical calculation methods, finite element simulation method and the M-K theory model method.
Gender pay gap in salary bands among employees in the formal sector of South Africa
Authors: Adelekan Adeboye M. , Bussin Mark H.R.
Published: August 2018

Orientation: The gender pay gap is a worldwide challenge that has persisted despite political will and interventions. Comparably qualified women performing similar work as men continue to earn less. There are conflicting views in the literature regarding the status of the gender pay gap.Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine status of the gender pay gap among employees in the same salary band and to establish whether men and women receive similar pay for similar work in the study population.Motivation for study: The status of the gender pay gap would establish the progress made towards closing the gap and guide necessary adjustments to interventions.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative analysis was conducted on the pay information of 217 902 employees collected in a survey from over 700 companies, across 10 job families and 6 industries.Main findings: Men’s pay was consistently higher than that of women in all salary bands except at the 75th and 95th percentile in sub-bands B-lower and B-upper and 25th percentile in sub-band E-upper. The gender pay gap ranged from 8% in band A to 27.1% in sub-band F-upper. The gaps observed in the salary bands were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) except in sub-band E-upper, F-lower and F-upper, indicating convergence towards similar pay for similar work at senior to top management levels. Women were under-represented in all salary bands with the lowest presence in band F, especially sub-band F-upper. Gender, race, job family and industry have a significant effect on income earned in the study sample.Practical/managerial implications: Government’s efforts seemed to have produced minimal results as women are represented in all job families, industries and salary bands. The pay of men and women in senior and top management levels was similar. However, more still needs to be done to achieve the 50% target representation of women in senior management and close the gap at all levels.Contribution/value-add: The number of women at management levels is still very low when compared to their male counterparts. However, the gender pay gap in senior to top management positions are converging towards similar pay for work of similar value.
Comparison of the Pendulum appliance and the Jones Jig: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Shetty Sushruth , Maurya Rajkumar , Raj H. V. Pruthvi , Patil Anand
Published: August 2018

Objective: To compare two molar distalization devices, the Pendulum appliance (PA) and the Jones Jig (JJ) in dental Class II patients. Materials and Methods: Pretreatment and postdistalization lateral cephalograms and study models of 20 subjects (6 males, 14 females) Class II malocclusion subjects were examined. PA and JJ group both consisted of 10 patients each with a mean pretreatment age of 12 years 1 month for females and 12 years 5 months for males. The PA and the JJ appliance were activated once in a month until Class II molar relationship was corrected to a super Class I molar relationship in both groups. Initial and final measurements and treatment changes were compared by means of Paired t-test. Results: Maxillary first molar distalized an average of 3.85 mm in the PA and 2.75 mm in the JJ between T1 and T2; rate of molar distalization was 1.59 mm/month for PA, and the JJ appliance averaged 0.88 mm/month, distal molar tipping was greater in PA (6.2°) than in the JJ (3.9°). Average mesial movement of the premolars was 2.2 mm with PA and JJ both. JJ showed a greater rotation of first molars after distalization as compared to PA. The increase in vertical facial height was also greater for JJ as compared to PA. Conclusions: Both the appliances were effective in molar distalization with PA requiring less distalization time (16 days less than JJ). Some adverse effects were noted with both which one should strive to control.
Role of herpesviruses in chronic periodontitis and their association with clinical parameters and in increasing severity of the disease
Authors: Kazi Mohammad Mukhit Abdul Gaffar , Bharadwaj Renu
Published: August 2018

Objective:This study aims to assess the role of herpesviruses in chronic periodontitis and their association with clinical parameters and in increasing severity. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case–control study. Ethical approval and prior consent were taken. A subgingival plaque sample was collected from a total of 300 patients and 300 controls and processed for DNA extraction and multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpesviruses.Results: The most predominant age group affected was 41–50 followed by 31–40 years and male patients outnumbered the female patients. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 (46.6%) was the most common Herpesvirus followed by HSV-2 (34.6%), Epstein–Barr viruses (EBV) (30.6%), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) (19.3%) in chronic periodontitis. Herpesviruses were significantly associated with increasing severity of the disease and had shown differences in their association with clinical parameters. Multiple herpesvirus infection was seen in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. The most common combination was HSV-1 + HSV-2 and HSV-1 + HSV-2 + EBV. Conclusions: HSV-1 was the most common herpesviruses implicated in the etiology of the chronic periodontitis followed by HSV-2, EBV and CMV. A herpesvirus differs in association with clinical parameters and plays an important role in increasing severity of the disease.
Participation of endotoxin in root canal infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Martinho Frederico Canato , de Rabello Diego Guilherme Dias , Ferreira Luciana Louzada , Nascimento Gustavo Giacomelli
Published: August 2018

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relationship between endotoxin levels and presence of clinical signs/symptoms and radiographic features in patients with endodontic infection. Electronic searches were performed on Medline/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scielo, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases for identification of relevant studies published up to December 2016. Grey literature was searched in Google Scholar. The selected literature was reviewed independently by two authors. Clinical studies evaluating the levels of endotoxin and the presence of clinical and radiographic features were included in this review. In order to determine the relationship between endotoxin levels and presence of clinical signs/symptoms and radiographic features meta-analyses were performed. Among the 385 articles identified in the initial search, 30 were included for full-text appraisal and only eight studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Meta-analysis revealed that individuals having teeth with tenderness to percussion (TTP) (P = 0.04; I2 57%) and previous episode of pain (PEP) (P = 0.001; I2 81%) had higher levels of endotoxin than their counterparts. Size of radiographic lesion >2 mm (P = 0.02; I2 68%) and presence of root canal exudation (EX) (P = 0.0007; I2 0%) were associated with higher levels of endotoxin. This systematic review and meta-analyses provided a strong evidence that endotoxin are related with the presence of clinical signs/symptoms and radiographic features in patients with endodontic infection.
Retrospective study on sequelae in traumatized permanent teeth
Authors: Yamashita Fernanda Chiguti , Previdelli Isolde Terezinha Santos , Pavan Nair Narumi Orita , Endo Marcos Sérgio
Published: August 2018

Objective: This study aimed to identify possible associations of the presence or absence of posttrauma sequelae with the factors inherent to the traumatized tooth and treatment. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed through the evaluation of records and radiographs of a center of reference for dental trauma between January 2008 and December 2014. The factors were analyzed and associated with posttrauma sequelae, such as pulp necrosis and root resorption. Statistical Analysis Used: A binomial logistic regression model was fit (P < 0.05). Results: In luxations, it was possible to observe 37% pulp necrosis, 16% inflammatory root resorption, and 8% replacement resorption. The binomial logistic regression revealed that male gender (P = 0.0392, odds ratio [OR] = 2.79), avulsion injury (P = 0.0009, OR = 12.27), and elapsed time >16 days between the time of trauma to the beginning of the endodontic treatment (P = 0.0450, OR = 7.53) showed a greater chance of presenting a posttrauma complication. Conclusions: Gender, type of injury, stage of root development, and time after trauma until the beginning of the endodontic intervention were related to the appearance of sequelae.
Bilateral massive pneumonia as an unusual manifestation of Puumala hantavirus infection
Authors: Gözdaş HT , Menemenlioğlu D , Coşgun Y , Çelebi G
Published: August 2018

Renal involvement due to European Puumala virus (PUUV) is frequent but pulmonary involvement is quite rare. We present here, a 24-year-old male with atypical clinical presentation of acute PUUV infection with gross pulmonary and minimal renal involvement. Severe pulmonary manifestations of PUUV infection, in this case, highlights that hantavirus infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical pneumonia.
Toward resolving the budget discrepancy of ozone-depleting carbon tetrachloride (CCl4): an analysis of top-down emissions from China
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Li Shanlan , Mühle Jens , O'Doherty Simon , Weiss Ray F. , Fang Xuekun , Reimann Stefan , Prinn Ronald G.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a first-generation
ozone-depleting substance, and its emissive use and production were globally
banned by the Montreal Protocol with a 2010 phase-out; however, production
and consumption for non-dispersive use as a chemical feedstock and as a
process agent are still allowed. This study uses the high frequency and
magnitude of CCl4 pollution events from an 8-year real-time atmospheric
measurement record obtained at Gosan station (a regional background
monitoring site in East Asia) to present evidence of significant unreported
emissions of CCl4. Top-down emissions of CCl4 amounting to
23.6±7.1 Gg yr−1 from 2011 to 2015 are estimated for China, in
contrast to the most recently reported, post-2010, Chinese bottom-up
emissions of 4.3–5.2 Gg yr−1. The missing emissions
(∼19 Gg yr−1) for China contribute to approximately 54 % of global
CCl4 emissions. It is also shown that 89 %±6 % of CCl4
enhancements observed at Gosan are related to CCl4 emissions from the
production of CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and
C2Cl4 and its usage as a feedstock and process agent in chemical
manufacturing industries. Specific sources and processes are identified
using statistical methods, and it is considered highly unlikely that
CCl4 is emitted by dispersive uses such as old landfills, contaminated
soils and solvent usage. It is thus crucial to implement technical
improvements and better regulation strategies to reduce evaporative losses
of CCl4 occurring at the factory and/or process levels.
Characterization of aerosol hygroscopicity, mixing state, and CCN activity at a suburban site in the central North China Plain
Authors: Wang Yuying , Li Zhanqing , Zhang Yingjie , Du Wei , Zhang Fang , Tan Haobo , Xu Hanbing , Fan Tianyi , Jin Xiaoai , Fan Xinxin , Dong Zipeng , Wang Qiuyan , Sun Yele
Published: August 2018

Abstract. This
study investigates aerosol hygroscopicity, mixing state, and cloud
condensation nucleation as part of the Atmosphere–Aerosol–Boundary
Layer–Cloud Interaction Joint Experiment performed in the summer of 2016 at
Xingtai (XT), a suburban site located in the center of the North China Plain
(NCP). In general, the probability density function (PDF) of the
hygroscopicity parameter (κ) for 40–200 nm particles had a unimodal
distribution, and mean κ-PDF patterns for different sizes were
similar, suggesting that the particles were highly aged and internally mixed
because of strong photochemical reactions. The κ calculated from the
hygroscopic growth factor in the daytime and at night suggests that
photochemical reactions largely enhanced the aerosol hygroscopicity. This
effect became weaker as the particle size increased. In addition, the aerosol
hygroscopicity was much larger at XT than at other sites in the NCP. This is
because new particle formation takes place much more frequently in the
central NCP, which is heavily polluted from industrial activities, than
elsewhere in the region. The evolution of the planetary boundary layer played
a dominant role in dictating aerosol mass concentration. Particle size was
the most important factor influencing the ability of aerosols to activate,
whereas the effect of chemical composition was secondary, especially when
supersaturation was high. Using a fixed value of κ=0.31 to calculate
the cloud condensation nuclei number concentration in this region suffices.
Large-scale assessment of Prophet for multi-step ahead forecasting of monthly streamflow
Authors: Tyralis Hristos , Papacharalampous Georgia A.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. We assess the performance of the recently introduced Prophet model in
multi-step ahead forecasting of monthly streamflow by using a large dataset.
Our aim is to compare the results derived through two different approaches.
The first approach uses past information about the time series to be
forecasted only (standard approach), while the second approach uses exogenous
predictor variables alongside with the use of the endogenous ones. The
additional information used in the fitting and forecasting processes includes
monthly precipitation and/or temperature time series, and their forecasts
respectively. Specifically, the exploited exogenous (observed or forecasted)
information considered at each time step exclusively concerns the time of
interest. The algorithms based on the Prophet model are in total four. Their
forecasts are also compared with those obtained using two classical
algorithms and two benchmarks. The comparison is performed in terms of four
metrics. The findings suggest that the compared approaches are equally
useful.
Mitigation of ionospheric signatures in Swarm GPS gravity field estimation using weighting strategies
Authors: Schreiter Lucas , Arnold Daniel , Sterken Veerle , Jäggi Adrian
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Even though ESA's three-satellite mission Swarm is primarily a magnetic field mission, it became more and more important as gravity field mission. Located in a low earth orbit with altitudes of 460 km for Swarm A and Swarm C and 530 km for Swarm B, after the commissioning phase, and equipped with geodetic-type dual frequency GPS receivers, it is suitable for gravity field computation. Of course the Swarm GPS-only gravity fields are not as good as the gravity fields derived from the ultra precise GRACE K-Band measurements, but due to the end of the GRACE mission in October 2017, data gaps in the previous months, and the gap between GRACE and the recently launched GRACE Follow-On mission, Swarm gravity fields became important to maintain a continuous time series and bridge the gap. By validating the Swarm gravity fields to the GRACE gravity fields, systematic errors have been observed, especially around the geomagnetic equator. These errors are already visible in the kinematic positioning from where they propagate into the gravity field solutions. We investigate these systematic errors by analyzing the geometry-free linear combination of the GPS carrier phase observations. Based on this we present different weighting schemes and investigate their impact on the gravity field solutions in order to assess the success of different mitigation strategies.
Regulation of inorganic carbon acquisition in a red tide alga (Skeletonema costatum): the importance of phosphorus availability
Authors: Gao Guang , Xia Jianrong , Yu Jinlan , Fan Jiale , Zeng Xiaopeng
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Skeletonema costatum is a common bloom-forming diatom and encounters
eutrophication and severe carbon dioxide (CO2) limitation during red
tides. However, little is known regarding the role of phosphorus (P) in
modulating inorganic carbon acquisition in S. costatum, particularly
under CO2 limitation conditions. We cultured S. costatum under
five phosphate levels (0.05, 0.25, 1, 4, 10 µmol L−1) and then
treated it with two CO2 conditions (2.8 and 12.6 µmol L−1)
for 2 h. The lower CO2 reduced net photosynthetic rate at lower
phosphate levels (< 4 µmol L−1) but did not affect it at
higher phosphate levels (4 and 10 µmol L−1). In contrast, the lower
CO2 induced a higher dark respiration rate at lower phosphate levels (0.05
and 0.25 µmol L−1) and did not affect it at higher phosphate levels
(> 1 µmol L−1). The lower CO2 did not change
relative electron transport rate (rETR) at lower phosphate levels (0.05 and
0.25 µmol L−1) and increased it at higher phosphate levels
(> 1 µmol L−1). Photosynthetic CO2 affinity
(1/K0.5) increased with phosphate levels. The lower CO2 did not
affect photosynthetic CO2 affinity at 0.05 µmol L−1 phosphate but enhanced it at the other phosphate levels. Activity of
extracellular carbonic anhydrase was dramatically induced by the lower
CO2 in phosphate-replete conditions (> 0.25 µmol L−1) and the same pattern also occurred for redox activity of the plasma
membrane. Direct bicarbonate (HCO3-) use was induced when phosphate
concentration was more than 1 µmol L−1. These findings indicate P
enrichment could enhance inorganic carbon acquisition and thus maintain the
photosynthesis rate in S. costatum grown under CO2-limiting
conditions via increasing activity of extracellular carbonic anhydrase and
facilitating direct HCO3- use. This study sheds light on how
bloom-forming algae cope with carbon limitation during the development of red
tides.
Organizational Culture and Intrapreneurship Growth in Nigeria: Evidence from Selected Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Eze Benneth Uchenna , Abdul Adekunle , Nwaba Emmanuel Kanayo , Adebayo Azeez
Published: August 2018

The study examines the effect of organizational culture (measured by organizational norms and organizational shared values) on intrapreneurship growth in manufacturing sector of the Nigerian economy. Survey research design was used through the administration of structured questionnaire to members of staff of Nestle Nigeria PLC and PZ Cussons Nigeria PLC. The population of the study consist 2325 and 3500 staff of Nestle Nigeria PLC and PZ Cussons Nigeria PLC respectively. Using the Raosoft sample size determination technique, a sample size of 359 was obtained. The findings revealed that, organizational culture positively and significantly affect intrapreneurship growth in manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study further revealed that, organizational norms and organizational shared values significantly affect intrapreneurship growth in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria, with coefficient and probability values of (β1=0.982, p<0.05) and (β2=0.901, p<0.05) respectively. The adjusted coefficient of determination (adj. R squared) revealed that, organizational culture elements account for 69.8% variation in intrapreneurship growth. Thus, the study concluded that organizational culture plays a significant role in promoting intrapreneurship growth. It is recommended that, manufacturing firms should enhance their organizational norms as well as their organizational shared values towards the growth of intrapreneurship within their firms.
The square of disposition
Authors: Cohen Ariel
Published: August 2018

I propose a classification of dispositions according to two parameters: (i) whether their argument is a causer, and (ii) whether they are (almost) always realized or only sometimes realized. This results in a four way distinction, which I represent as the Square of Disposition. Each cell of this square corresponds to a different type of disposition; I show that each such type is expressed by a distinct linguistic expression. This correspondence between philosophy-based and linguistics-based distinctions shows the potential usefulness of linguistic considerations in philosophical debates.
Een moderne inbeslagneming van voorwerpen
Authors: Nan J.S.
Published: August 2018

Een moderne inbeslagneming van voorwerpen

Degene ten laste van wie voorwerpen strafvorderlijk in beslag zijn genomen, heeft een bijzondere zwakke positie. Na een vergelijking met het civiele, conservatoire beslag, wordt de nieuwe conceptregeling inzake Modernisering Wetboek van Strafvordering besproken. Daarbij worden verdergaande voorstellen gedaan om de positie van de beslagene c.q. rechthebbende te versterken.
De hulpofficier van justitie ‘nieuwe stijl’ en de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering
Authors: Lindeman J.M.W.
Published: August 2018

De hulpofficier van justitie ‘nieuwe stijl’ en de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering

De hulpofficier van justitie is een zeer belangrijke figuur in de Nederlandse strafrechtspleging. Ondanks de soms vergaande bevoegdheden van de hulpofficier is er weinig duidelijkheid over de competenties waarover de 4000 Nederlandse hulpofficieren moeten beschikken. Al in 2013 is door minister, politie en OM aangekondigd dat er gewerkt gaat worden aan een officier ‘nieuwe stijl’, met een versterkte rol en gekoppeld aan een nieuwe, betere opleiding. Welke visie aan deze versterking ten grondslag ligt, is echter niet bekend. Desalniettemin wordt ook in de moderniseringsoperatie voor het Wetboek van Strafvordering gezinspeeld op de nieuwe, versterkte positie van de hulpofficier. In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op de rol van de hulpofficier en (het gebrek aan) de discussie daarover. Vervolgens worden de plannen voor de versterkte rol van de hulpofficier (voor zover bekend) besproken en worden de in het kader van de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering voorgestelde veranderingen tegen het licht gehouden. Door een gebrek aan (informatie over een) duidelijke visie en een rommelig toegelicht conceptwetsvoorstel is het vooralsnog lastig om enthousiast te worden.
Het verlofstelsel in hoger beroep is dood, leve het verlofstelsel
Authors: Pesselse G.
Published: August 2018

Het verlofstelsel in hoger beroep is dood, leve het verlofstelsel

Dat het verlofstelsel van artikel 410a Sv wordt afgeschaft, is zo goed als zeker. Vrijwel niemand zal er rouwig om zijn. Met de afschaffing van het verlofstelsel in hoger beroep verdwijnt het fenomeen verlofstelsels in het algemeen echter niet van het toneel. Sterker nog, het in de modernisering voorgestelde gematigde grievenstelsel in hoger beroep draagt de kiemen voor een nieuw verlofstelsel in zich. De vraag is: moet het conceptwetsvoorstel voor Boek 5 van het Wetboek van Strafvordering over rechtsmiddelen worden aangevuld met een nieuw verlofstelsel, nu wél behoorlijk vormgegeven?
Voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking vooropgesteld
Authors: Meijer S.
Published: August 2018

Voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking vooropgesteld

De regeling van de voorlopige hechtenis verandert mogelijk ingrijpend, blijkens het conceptwetsvoorstel tot vaststelling van Boek 2 van het nieuwe Wetboek van Strafvordering. De rechter krijgt ingevolge dit voorstel de mogelijkheid om in plaats van de voorlopige hechtenis de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking te bevelen en de schorsing van de voorlopige hechtenis komt te vervallen. De ultimum remedium-gedachte rechtvaardigt dat gekozen wordt voor een systeem waarin de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking voorop staat. Dat stelsel geniet ook op Europees niveau de voorkeur. De keuze voor dit systeem is evenwel niet geheel zonder risico’s en het vooropstellen van de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking zal de praktijk ook voor nieuwe uitdagingen stellen. In deze bijdrage worden deze risico’s besproken en wordt een aantal aanbevelingen gedaan tot aanpassing van het voorliggende conceptwetsvoorstel.
JULIAN URSYN NECESSES ABOUT THE KOŚCIUSZKÓW INSUANCE
Authors: Kazimierski Zygmunt , Mielnik Marcin
Published: August 2018

Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, a Polish writer and politician, fought for the good of his homeland throughout his life. The knowledge gained at the Knight's School allowed for many years to perform the function of Adam Czartoryski, adjutant general of the army of the Podolia region. During the deliberations of the Great Sejm, he actively joined in the efforts to strengthen the army of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He took an active part in the battles in defense of the Constitution of May 3. Niemcewicz demonstrated the greatest military activity during the Kościuszko Uprising as Tadeusz Kosciuszko's adjutant. His memories of these events seem to be an important source for learning the final act of the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The author with high professionalism and accuracy describes the events that took place then.
Ssd1 and Gcn2 suppress global translation efficiency in replicatively aged yeast while their activation extends lifespan
Authors: Hu Zheng , Xia Bo , Postnikoff Spike DL , Shen Zih-Jie , Tomoiaga Alin S , Harkness Troy A , Seol Ja Hwan , Li Wei , Chen Kaifu , Tyler Jessica K
Published: August 2018

Translational efficiency correlates with longevity, yet its role in lifespan determination remains unclear. Using ribosome profiling, translation efficiency is globally reduced during replicative aging in budding yeast by at least two mechanisms: Firstly, Ssd1 is induced during aging, sequestering mRNAs to P-bodies. Furthermore, Ssd1 overexpression in young cells reduced translation and extended lifespan, while loss of Ssd1 reduced the translational deficit of old cells and shortened lifespan. Secondly, phosphorylation of eIF2α, mediated by the stress kinase Gcn2, was elevated in old cells, contributing to the global reduction in translation without detectable induction of the downstream Gcn4 transcriptional activator. tRNA overexpression activated Gcn2 in young cells and extended lifespan in a manner dependent on Gcn4. Moreover, overexpression of Gcn4 sufficed to extend lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner in the absence of changes in global translation, indicating that Gcn4-mediated autophagy induction is the ultimate downstream target of activated Gcn2, to extend lifespan.
An assay for de novo kinetochore assembly reveals a key role for the CENP-T pathway in budding yeast
Authors: Lang Jackie , Barber Adrienne , Biggins Sue
Published: August 2018

Chromosome segregation depends on the kinetochore, the machine that establishes force-bearing attachments between DNA and spindle microtubules. Kinetochores are formed every cell cycle via a highly regulated process that requires coordinated assembly of multiple subcomplexes on specialized chromatin. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we developed an assay to assemble kinetochores de novo using centromeric DNA and budding yeast extracts. Assembly is enhanced by mitotic phosphorylation of the Dsn1 kinetochore protein and generates kinetochores capable of binding microtubules. We used this assay to investigate why kinetochores recruit the microtubule-binding Ndc80 complex via two receptors: the Mis12 complex and CENP-T. Although the CENP-T pathway is non-essential in yeast, we demonstrate that it becomes essential for viability and Ndc80c recruitment when the Mis12 pathway is crippled by defects in Dsn1 phosphorylation. Assembling kinetochores de novo in yeast extracts provides a powerful and genetically tractable method to elucidate critical regulatory events in the future.
Clinical Profile and Evaluation of Topical Voriconazole for Management of Fungal Corneal Ulcer in North Western Rajasthan
Authors: Jain Kalpna , Garhwal Jyoti , Swami Taruna
Published: August 2018

Aim:-

Fungal keratitis is a suppurative and sight-threatening infection of the cornea that sometimes leads to loss of the eye. The study was done to know the efficacy of topical voriconazole in the management of fungal keratitis and prevalent species of fungal corneal ulcer in North Western Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods:-

It was a prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center. Fifty patients of fungal corneal ulcer were included in study of either age or sex. All patients were treated with topical voriconazole and response was noted.

Results:-

60% patients were males and 40% females. Agricultural workers were most commonly affected and the most common cause of injury was vegetative matter (40%). Aspergillus was the most common fungal species (46%). Hypopyon was present in 25 patients. Hypopyon was completely disappeared with topical voriconazole by first week in 18 patients. Improvement in BCVA statistically significant. The mean duration of healing was 5.5 weeks after treatment with topical voriconazole.

Conclusion:-

Ophthalmic mycosis is emerging as a major cause of visual morbidity and can be life-threatening. Voriconazole eye drops appear to be effective and safe when used for the treatment of fungal keratitis.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Principles and Application in Retinal Diseases
Authors: Moraes Gabriella , Faes Livia , Pal Bishwanath
Published: August 2018

The non-invasive imaging technology of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), has been claimed to potentially revolutionize the management of patients suffering from retinal disease. Its use in retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), age related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) has been expanding significantly over the last years. However, as any other imaging technique, limitations and artifacts need to be considered for its correct interpretation. Further studies are needed to assess the diagnostic properties of OCT-A as a patient management tool for retinal diseases. To what extent the potential of OCT-A will translate into daily medical routine still needs to be established.
Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia - A Case Report
Authors: Jayaswal Sumi Rani , Biswas Jyotirmay
Published: August 2018

We are reporting an unusual case of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of choroid. The ancillary laboratory parameters, intraocular fluid analysis and whole body imaging scans ruled out any infectious etiology or any extraocular foci of primary malignancy. Due to no useful vision in the affected eye and increasing size of the lesion, the eye had to be enucleated. Histopathology, immunophenotyping and molecular study of the enucleated globe confirmed the diagnosis of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of choroid.
Optic Nerve Aplasia - A Rare Entity
Authors: Chaudhury Debarpita , Ravindran Meenakshi , Ramakrishnan Rengappa , Mitra Arijit
Published: August 2018

Optic nerve (ON) aplasia is a rare developmental anomaly comprising of absence of the ON, ganglion cells and the central retinal vessels. It may be accompanied by a variety of central nervous system (CNS) malformations. We report an extremely rare case of bilateral true ON aplasia occurring as an isolated CNS anomaly. A four year old girl presented to us with the parents noticing the right eye to be smaller than the left one since birth. On examination, the right eye had no perception of light with microcornea and mild enophthalmos. The right pupil did not react to direct light stimulation (APD) and there was no consensual reaction. Fundus of the right eye showed absence of the optic disc and central retinal vessels. Spectral Domain Optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the right eye showed significant thinning of retinal nerve fibre layers. Ultrasound A-Scan showed decreased axial length of the right eye. Ultrasound B-Scan showed absence of optic nerve shadow. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that there was no recognizable right optic nerve in the anterior aspect of the orbital course, however in the posterior part, the optic nerve was seen only as a thin cord. The left eye was normal. Flash visual evoked potential (VEP)was unrecordable in the right eye and normal in the left eye. The child did not have any other associated central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities.
Bilateral Corneal Melting Following Snakebite
Authors: Meena Manisha , Singh Neha , Kishore Poonam
Published: August 2018

A 45 year old man presented with bilateral corneal melting following snake bite. Bilateral corneal melting is a very rare complication after snakebite. The clinical picture is described. Patients with bilateral corneal melts are more likely to have a favourable outcome if treated early.