bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral microbiota relationship with and without gingivitis in Iraqi patients
Authors: Khalaf Aysar Ashour , Hussain Kaiser Abdulsajjad Mohammed , Saleh Rasha Hadi
Published: December 2023

Gingivitis is a common oral disease characterized by inflammation of the gum tissues, predominantly caused by microbial dysbiosis. The study aimed to anticipate that the comparative analysis of oral microbiota in Iraqi patients with and without gingivitis would reveal distinct microbial profiles associated with the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted on Iraqi patients aged 18-65, including males and females. One hundred patients and 50 healthy samples were collected from January to May 2023, diagnosed by Vitek 2 compact system and 16SrRNA. Two hundred and thirty five isolates were obtained form both techniques as four groups:Anaerobic gram-positive (Actinomyces odontolyticus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus anginusom, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Clostridium sordelli, Group C streptococcus,Streptococcus saliveris, Clostridium histolyticum, Lactobacillus spp., Anaerococcus prevoti, Gemella morbillorum, Turicella Otitidis , Enterococcus casseliflavus, Anaerobic gram-negative(Fusobacterium nucleatum, Vellionela spp., Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium mortiifirum, Porphyromonas gingivalis,  Prevotella intemedia, Fusobacterium varium, Prevotella  disiens, Ggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterobacter hormaechei), Facultative gram-positive (Bacillus amyloliquefacieneus,Bacillus atrophaeus, Rothia sp., Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus megaterium, Erysipelothrix sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus), and Facultative gram-negative bacteria (Pantoea calida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas putida, Acinetobacter pitti). The anaerobic gram-negative bacteria were the most likely to cause gum diseases. On the other hand  the confidence intervals for other group could be attributed to oral disease.Furthermore, these findings can contribute to developing diagnostic and treatment strategies for gingivitis in Iraq.
Assessment of On-going tectonic deformation in the Goriganga River Basin, Eastern Kumaon Himalaya Using Geospatial Technology
Authors: Khan M Nazish , Govil Himanshu
Published: December 2023

The Goriganga river basin lies in the Northeast Kumaon Himalaya and is found suitable for assessing active tectonics at different scales. In addition, this study focuses on the assessment of ongoing tectonic activity through morphotectonic measurement of the Goriganga river basin, which is an ideal location for such analysis and Goriganga river basin transects with three major domains of Himalaya’s lithotectonic structures viz., Tethys, Vaikrita, and Lesser Himalayan Domain. To realize this task, the ASTER Digital Elevation Model was used and found suitable to extract different morphotectonic indices such as Stream Length Gradient (SL), Hypsometric Integral (HI), Length of Overland Flow (Lg), Drainage Density (Dd) and Channel Sinuosity (Cs).  Results of these important indices, including SL (18- 4737) HI (0.26- 0.57), and Lg (0.08- 0.19) depict greater variability in the tectonics activity while these values are correspondingly high in the close proximity of lithotectonic units, showing strong tectonic activity. In the extreme south, the Rauntis Gad basin strongly influences tectonism due to transecting syncline and anticline as well as unknown active faults.
Effective Teacher Professional Development: New Theory and a Meta-Analytic Test
Authors: Sims Sam , Fletcher-Wood Harry , O’Mara-Eves Alison , Cottingham Sarah , Stansfield Claire , Goodrich Josh , Van Herwegen Jo , Anders Jake
Published: December 2023

Multiple meta-analyses have now documented small positive effects of teacher professional development (PD) on pupil test scores. However, the field lacks any validated explanatory account of what differentiates more from less effective in-service training. As a result, researchers have little in the way of advice for those tasked with designing or commissioning better PD. We set out to remedy this by developing a new theory of effective PD based on combinations of causally active components targeted at developing teachers’ insights, motivating change, developing teaching techniques, and then embedding these changes in teachers’ practice. We test two important implications of the theory using data identified through a systematic review and meta-analysis of 104 randomized controlled trials, finding qualified empirical support for the theory. The main contribution of the article is to provide a testable theory of what makes PD more effective, which can be used to guide future empirical research on this topic.
UJI KARAKTERISTIK SERUM DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH DELIMA PUTIH (PUNICA GRANATUM L) PADA KONSENTRASI 0,5%, 0,75%, DAN 1% DENGAN SISTEM NIOSOM
Authors: Kurnia Arfi , Chasanah Uswatun , Rahmasari Dyah
Published: December 2023

Ekstrak kulit buah delima putih (Punica granatum L) mengandung Ellagic acid sebagai antioksidan. Bahan ini dibuat formulasi sediaan serum antioksidan dengan sistem niosom yang digunakan secara topikal pada kulit. Sediaan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan efek sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi kenaikan konsentrasi bahan aktif kulit Delima putih (Punica granatum L) terhadap karakteristik niosom pada serum antioksidan. Uji karakteristik niosom berbahan aktif ekstrak kulit buah delima putih (Punica granatum L) meliputi uji morfologi partikel menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy, distribusi ukuran partikel menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer dan uji zetapotensial menggunakan Zetasizer. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan vesikel niosom berbentuk bulat (spheris), ukuran partikel (formula 1 (0,2389 µm ± 0,0177) ,formula 2 (0,3434µm ± 0,0032) dan formula 3 (0,3µm ± 0,0030)), indeks polidispersitas (formula 1 (0,537 ±0,041) ,formula 2 (0,384 ±0,00628) dan formula 3 (0,356 ± 0,008 )) dan zeta potensial (formula 1 (-36,83mV ± 0,5508) ,formula 2 (-34,00mV ±2,5) dan formula 3 (-39,8mV ±1,44). Hasil penelitian pada sediaan serum antioksidan dengan variasi konsentrasi bahan aktif,  memiliki pengaruh terhadap uji karateristik niosom pada tiap formula yang meliputi morfologi partikel, ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersi, dan zeta potensial.
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PASIEN DISPEPSIA DI KLINIK PRATAMA AN-NUR PEGANTENAN KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Taufiq Taufiq , H Syaifiyatul , Alrosyidi Achmad Faruk
Published: December 2023

Dispepsia merupakan kumpulan gejala seperti rasa tidak nyaman pada saluran pencernaan yang bisa dirasakan oleh seseorang terutama dirasakan di bagian epigastrium (perut bagian atas), serta terdapat rasa mual, muntah, cepat kenyang, sendawa, perut kembung, dan perut terasa penuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan obat pada pasien dispepsia di klinik pratama an-nur. Metode penelitian menggunakan Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif secara retrospektif dengan desain teknik pengambilan yaitu Purposive Sampling. Sampel dari penelitian diperoleh dari resep pasien dispepsia di Klinik Pratama An-nur. Penderita terbanyak dispepsia berjenis kelamin perempuan yaitu 66 orang (73%), masa lansia awal usia 46–55 dengan jumlah 28 pasien (31%). Golongan obat yang banyak pemakaian yaitu antasida tablet (34%), dengan frekuensi 3x1 sebayak 41 resep (46%). Golongan PPI dengan jenis obat omeprazole 20 mg kombinasi dengan antasida tablet 24 pasien (27%). Bentuk sediaan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah sediaan antasida tablet hal ini di karenakan kepraktisan dalam penggunannya dan juga ke untungan dalam bentuk tablet kunyah adalah apabila tablet di kunyah terlebih dahulu sebelum di telan, maka penetralan asamnya menjadi lebih baik, karena aktivitas suatu antasida berhubungan dengan ukuran partikelnya. Pasien yang menderita penyakit dispepsia terbanyak adalah perempuan dengan usia 46–55, golongan obat yang banyak digunakan yaitu antasida tablet.
Documenting psychosocial attitudes of persons with aphasia following semantic-based therapy: an exploratory study
Authors: Puttanna Deepak , Goswami Sathyapal Puri , Swamy Akshaya
Published: December 2023

Quality of life (QOL) for individuals with aphasia is very individualistic and subjective as the condition presents multifaceted impairments in communication skills. Most intervention strategies for persons with aphasia (PWA) emphasise improving communication and insignificantly focus on a person's social and emotional well-being, which are vital for effective social communication. The present study aims to analyse the effects of a semantic-based treatment approach on the QOL of PWA. The current study inculcated a “modified pre-test post-test design” to study the impact of semantic cueing for verbs and its thematic role (SCVTr) therapy among eleven Kannada-speaking PWAs. The Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life-39 (SAQOL-39) Kannada version assessed QOL among PWAs. SAQOL-39 includes 39 physical, psychosocial, communication, and energy questions. The questionnaire was administered in pre-, mid-, post-, and follow-up phases after SCVTr therapy. The study deployed qualitative, quantitative, and visual inspection methods. The qualitative and quantitative scores for QOL measures showed pronounced effects among most participants across pre- to mid- to post-treatment phases. In addition, the results of maintenance of the QOL were observed among most participants post-SCVTr therapy. The uptrend in QOL among PWAs is attributed to the semantic activation enhanced through SCVTr protocol, near normal physical mobility, adequate social network, and family support, with a barrier-free environment. The study's findings pave the way for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) on the importance of aphasia intervention and its effect on QOL. Indeed, SLPs must observe every PWA beyond linguistic deficits and attempt to notice the psychosocial level, which may invariably vary with severity and other individualistic factors.
Oxygen is an essential gasotransmitter
Authors: Anbalagan Savani
Published: December 2023

In biochemistry textbooks, amino acids that are derived from environment and that cannot be synthesized by cells are classified as essential amino acids. However, the gasotransmitter field is currently not considering oxygen (O2) as a gasotransmitter. This is due to one of the current criteria for a gasotransmitter, which states that 'It is endogenously and enzymatically generated, and its production is regulated’. Such a restrictive criteria has not been applied for amino acids. For me, this is equivalent to not considering essential amino acids as amino acids at all. And such a limitation will hinder the challenge, proof, disproof, or study of the theory of gasocrine signaling that I have recently proposed. I propose that for aerobic organisms, O2 derived from their environment is an essential gasotransmitter. Likewise, for any organisms whose existence is dependent on a gasotransmitters that they do not synthesize, such gasotransmitters must be considered as essential gasotransmitters for those organisms. I propose that the criteria for gasotransmitters must be relaxed to include O2 and other gasotransmitters as essential gasotransmitters. This will also enable the search for receptors for O2, similar to the research that identified soluble guanylate cyclase as a receptor for the mammalian non-essential gasotransmitter such as nitric oxide (NO). I also propose using the term 'gasoreceptor' for receptors whose structures can be altered upon the interaction with gasotransmitter and/or its derivatives, resulting in downstream cellular signaling events. An example of such gasotransmitter-gasoreceptor interaction is the reported nitric oxide/cysteine interaction or the repositioning of β H-NOX protein domain, which can regulate soluble guanylate cyclase activity. In mammals, gasoreceptors for O2 are likely expressed in nearly every cell that is exposed to O2 or its derivatives (reactive oxygen species), rather than being restricted to specialized tissues such as carotid bodies. Accepting O2 as an essential gasotransmitter will require revisions in biology text books.
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians – Part I. Historical Perspective and Overview
Authors: Tabaac Burton J. , Shinozuka Kenneth , Arenas Alejandro , Beutler Bryce D. , Cherian Kirsten , Evans Viviana D. , Fasano Chelsey , Muir Owen S.
Published: December 2023

Background: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including conditions that have not benefited from prior interventions. The latter half of the twentieth century marked a revolution in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and psychosis, exemplified by the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, dopamine antagonists, and other pharmacological agents. Nevertheless, mental illness remains a major public health crisis, affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide. Areas of Uncertainty: Due to the recency of the resurgence in psychedelic research, there are still only a small number of large, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of psychedelics in psychiatric populations. While initial clinical trials of psychedelics for depression were very promising, trials of psilocybin with larger sample sizes (100+ participants) seem to suggest that it may not be more effective than antidepressants.Therapeutic Advances: Esketamine, a dissociative hallucinogen drug, was approved for the management of major depressive disorder by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019. As of December 2023, two Phase III trials of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a synthetic drug that inhibits the serotonin transporter, have been completed; the results indicate that MDMA is superior to existing pharmacological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder. A phase III trial of psilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonin receptor partial agonist, is currently underway. The following series details the current state of research in psychedelic therapeutics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N-N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ayahuasca, psilocybin, ibogaine, MDMA, and ketamine. Conclusions: Psychedelic drugs and structural derivatives offer a great deal of promise for the management of a wide range of psychiatric morbidities. It is imperative that clinicians become familiar with these novel agents and learn how to implement psychedelic therapeutics as part of a patient-centered care paradigm.
Japanese version of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire
Authors: Kashimura Masami
Published: December 2023

パース・アレキシサイミア質問票（PAQ）の日本語訳は、オリジナルのPAQ英語版を翻訳したものである。英語から日本語への翻訳は、日本語版開発チームによって行われ、PAQ開発者との幾度の話し合いを通して改良された（バックトランスレーションの手続きによって作成されている）。PAQの日本語項目は、予備調査によって項目表現などのチェックを行い、すでに日本での調査研究に使用されている。私たちの研究チームでは、日本語版PAQの尺度特性（因子構造、尺度の信頼性、妥当性）を検討する研究を実施しています。Translation of Materials　The Japanese translation of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) is a translation of the original PAQ English version. The translation from English to Japanese was done by the Japanese version development team and was refined through numerous discussions with the PAQ developers (it was created through a back-translation procedure). The Japanese version of the PAQ has already been used in a survey study in Japan after a preliminary study to check item wording, etc. The Japanese version of the PAQ has already been used in a survey study in Japan. Our research team is conducting a study to examine the scale characteristics (factor structure, scale reliability, and validity) of the Japanese version of the PAQ.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Modern Methods of Teaching English at the Ganja State University
Authors: Babayeva Arzu , Alekberova Zeynab
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research is to identify the key components of the modern methodology of teaching English in the example of Ganja State University in Azerbaijan. Research is significant due to the global importance of English as the primary international language and its role in modernizing education systems worldwide. The main question of the research is to find out the impact of the key components of the modern methodology of teaching English on the formation of the necessary competencies in young specialists. For this purpose, the main tasks were solved: the key requirements for modern methods of teaching English were analyzed, the current state of education in Azerbaijan as a whole was characterized, and the methods for improving the modern educational process were proposed. The main directions of research are predetermined by the lack of theoretical and methodological development of this issue as well as its increasing practical significance. The leading method of studying this issue is the analysis of the most popular and effective methods of teaching English in modern conditions, determining the need for their synthesis in the formation of competent young professionals. Also, ways of further development of the most effective methods were modeled. The study examined foreign experts’ materials to comprehensively assess the significance of learning foreign languages in contemporary settings. It identified vital English teaching methods based on current trends and expert research. These findings hold practical value for improving English instruction at Ganja State University in Azerbaijan.
“It's not just what we say or do, but how we say and do it”
Authors: Bohaček Ana-Marija , Cepanec Maja
Published: December 2023

Infant-directed speech (IDS) and infant-directed actions (IDA) represent specific behavioural modifications of adults when they communicate with infants and young children. Infant-directed modifications (IDMs) have specific behavioural representations marked by high positive affection, greater expressiveness, simplification, and increased repetition. Both IDS and IDA appear as part of the same larger behavioural system of IDMs. However, so far, studies have analysed the features and functions of these behaviours separately. Compared to adult-directed speech, IDS is characterised by longer pauses, a slower tempo, more prosodic repetition, higher fundamental frequency, longer vowels, repetitive intonation structures, and greater melodiousness. In IDA, compared to adult-directed actions, the amplitude of movements, simplification, and number of repetitions tend to increase as the distance between communication partners decrease. In this review, we draw a parallel between IDS and IDA to show that adults change both their speech and actions in similar ways and that both actions and speech change depending on the infant’s age and/or developmental stage. We discuss possible (biological) mechanisms that elicit the use of IDS and IDA and argue that this specific type of adult behaviour has a unique impact on how infants perceive and process information. Insights on biological, behavioural, and functional aspects of IDMs could provide a new perspective on the importance of early interactions and knowledge acquisition in both typically developing children and those with developmental disorders.
Prader-Willijev sindrom - obilježja, komunikacija, jezik i govor
Authors: Vučinac Zelić Nevena
Published: December 2023

Prader-Willijev sindrom složeni je genetski poremećaj iz skupine rijetkih bolesti. Nastaje zbog nedostatka izražaja očevih gena na 15. kromosomu. Pojavnost se procjenjuje u omjeru od 1:12.000 do 1:15.000. Javlja se i kod muškaraca i žena u podjednakom broju (International Prader-Willi Syndrome Organisation, 2009). Osobe kod kojih je utvrđen Prader-Willijev sindrom karakterizira neonatalna hipotonija, hiperfagija, prekomjerna tjelesna težina, nepotpun spolni razvoj, usporen rani motorički razvoj, nizak rast, intelektualne teškoće, problemi u ponašanju, teškoće u razvoju jezika i govora. Simptomi i težina Prader-Willijeva sindroma mogu se razlikovati od osobe do osobe. Mnoge značajke poremećaja su nespecifične, a druge se mogu razvijati polako tijekom vremena ili mogu biti neupadljive. Većina provedenih istraživanja usredotočena je na medicinske, genetske i bihevioralne aspekte ovog sindroma, dok su rijetka istraživanja o jezičnim i govornim sposobnostima osoba s Prader-Wilijevim sindromom. Jezične i govorne sposobnosti uvelike se razlikuju po težini i vrsti prisutnih teškoća. Razumijevanje obilježja Prader-Willijeva sindroma olakšat će stručnjacima planiranje podrške. Ciljevi ovog rada su pregledati i sažeti dio literature o komunikacijskim, jezičnim i govornim sposobnostima osoba s Prader-Wilijevim sindromom, opisati obilježja koja mogu pridonijeti teškoćama u socijalnoj komunikaciji, promijenjenom glasu, jezičnoj i govornoj funkciji, te uskladu s time predložiti moguće smjernice u logopedskoj podršci. Osim toga, istaknut će se i utjecaj bolesti na obitelj oboljelog.
Keyboard fantasies by Georg Philip Telemann in the context of stylistic trends of the time
Authors: Ratushynskyi Dmytro
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the study. It consists of considering the keyboard fantasies TWV 33 by Georg Philipp Telemann in the context of the author's creative searches, as well as of the stylistic trends in German music of the first half of the eighteenth century. The main objective of the study is to identify the main features of Georg Philipp Telemann's compositional style on the example of his 36 fantasies for keyboard. The methodology includes biographical (to highlight the main stages of Telemann's life and work), historical (to find out the evolutionary processes in the culture of the first half of the eighteenth century), genre-stylistic and structural-functional (for a comprehensive analysis of musical works), comparative (to compare Telemann's fantasies with each other and with examples of the genre in the works of his predecessors and contemporaries). 

Results and conclusions. The cycle of keyboard fantasies TWV 33 by Georg Philipp Telemann is considered as an example of the embodiment of a new stylistic trend in German music of the first half of the eighteenth century. The reflection in these works of the influence of the "mixed taste" trend prevailing at that time is emphasized. The main stages of the formation and development of Telemann's creative guidelines are traced and the factors that directly contributed to the formation of his compositional style are identified. 36 fantasies included in the collection and differentiated by the author into "Italian" and "French" are analyzed. The main differences in their compositional organization and stylistic manner are revealed. On the basis of a detailed analysis of Fantasy No. 28 from the third part, the conclusion is drawn that the composer has a perfect command of the French and Italian styles of writing and their organic combination within one work. The author also points to the reflection in Telemann's keyboard fantasies of the "gallant style" that was formed in the music of the first half of the eighteenth century as opposed to the counterpoint and polyphonic style of the late Baroque. The features of the gallant style in Telemann's cycle TWV 33 are manifested in the elegance of melodic lines richly decorated with melismatics, the involvement of song themes, the dominance of homophonic composition, transparent, mostly two-voice texture, and the syntactic structure of themes by combining a number of small contrasting motifs. It is emphasized that the eighteenth-century understanding of the gallant style as a synonym for the "free style" resonates with the main vector of the evolution of the fantasy genre — from the centuries-old tradition of creating plays of this type within the strict framework of counterpoint writing to the natural manifestations of creative imagination.
STUDY OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES EMISSIONS INTO THE AIR ON THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE AND THE CITY OF KAMIANSKE
Authors: Kateryna Levchuk , Roman Romaniuk
Published: December 2023

The article is dedicated to analyzing the structure of Ukraine's industry and its stages of development, as well as the issues of emissions of major harmful substances into the atmospheric air in the cities of Ukraine, particularly in the city of Kamianske. The main branches of Ukraine's industry include: machine building and metalworking, food, light, fuel and energy, chemical and petrochemical, forestry, pulp and paper, and building materials. Positive trends in industrial production development have been observed since 2000. However, the activities of enterprises and organizations in various branches of industry are a significant factor in the release of pollutants into the atmosphere. The main pollutants include: suspended particles, sulfur dioxide, carbon oxide, nitrogen oxide and dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, phenol, soot, fluorine and chlorine hydrogen, ammonia, formaldehyde. Among the most polluted cities in Ukraine are Mariupol, Kamianske, Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, and Odesa. In the city of Kamianske, the biggest polluters of the atmospheric air are enterprises in the ferrous metallurgy, coke-chemical, and machine-building industries.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF ENTERPRISE PROFITABILITY MANAGEMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Olena Kovalenko , Valeriia Tattsenko
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis and optimization of the processes of managing the profitability of an enterprise in modern conditions. The relevance of the study is due to the need for enterprises to adapt to the difficult conditions of war, including unpredictable development of the situation in Ukraine, unpredictable actions of the state, limited capital, reduced consumer solvency and other factors affecting the economic landscape.

The purpose of the article is to develop directions for improving the management of enterprise profitability in the context of current economic challenges and an unstable environment. To achieve this goal, the study solved a number of tasks: the concepts of "profit" and "profitability management" are defined; the basic principles of building an effective system for managing enterprise profitability are considered; internal and external factors affecting the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the current environment are analyzed; and directions for improving the management of profitability of an economic entity are proposed. The study used general scientific methods of cognition: critical analysis, information synthesis, induction and deduction.

According to the results of the study, it is found that the development of directions for improving the efficiency of enterprise profitability management in modern conditions should be based on an integrated approach that takes into account both internal and external factors. However, special attention should be paid to the internal factors under the control of an enterprise, since their management is an effective tool for increasing efficiency and profitability. That is why such areas should include an effective personnel policy; improving the effectiveness of sales policy; cost optimization; improving product quality and eliminating losses; effective marketing; updating business models; continuous monitoring and analysis; and effective internal management.

The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of implementing the developed strategies and recommendations by enterprises to increase their profitability and stability in the current economic environment.
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS FOR ENSURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Petr Koreniuk , Mykyta Dmytrochenkov
Published: December 2023

The article has shown that the development of information technologies has dramatically changed the cost of companies for marketing communications, in which the cost of the Internet communication began to increase at the fastest pace. In the face of unprecedentedly rapid growth of Internet users increases the need to form modern marketing tools, which allows you to use Internet resources to communicate with consumers, increase their awareness to promote the goods and services of companies. The purpose of the article is to provide practical recommendations for evaluating the effectiveness of digital marketing communications to ensure the development of the enterprise. The main characteristics of digital marketing communications are their personalization, targeting, integration into the general system of marketing communications, coverage of all digital communications channels and focus on a constant dialogue with the user. The classification of marketing communications with the inclusion of digitalization is systematized, which made it possible to show the current process of integration of the marketing communication system, the formation of a new type of advertising campaigns - TTL (Through The Line), change in the center (idea) marketing communications). It is shown that the metric evaluation of digital marketing communications should be based on a behavioral approach, namely consumer behavior model in the Internet environment with the inclusion of consumer involvement cycle. In the staff of the main tendency of development of Digital marketing communications: growing the fate in the budgets of the company, the meaningful deployment Strong emphasis on the measurement of the efficiency of the process of companion with the needer: active development of CRM technology, in the number of social social CRM (in social sets). Practice also shows that the pace of the efficient methods of the efficientness of the digital marketing of the marketing communications. The development of Internet technologies allows you to personalize marketing communications, that is, to make direct contact with each individual user and to configure your marketing communications system for the needs of individual users to carry out communications and other elements of a marketing company.
DevOps, Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment Methods for Software Deployment Automation
Authors: Istifarulah Mochamad Hanif Rifa'i , Tiaharyadini Rizka
Published: December 2023

In the fast-paced landscape of software development, the need for efficient, reliable, and rapid deployment processes has become paramount. Manual deployment processes often lead to inefficiencies, errors, and delays, impacting the overall agility and reliability of software delivery. DevOps, as a cultural and collaborative approach, plays a central role in orchestrating the synergy between development and operations teams, fostering a shared responsibility for the entire software delivery lifecycle. Continuous Integration is a fundamental DevOps practice that involves regularly integrating code changes into a shared repository, triggering automated builds and tests. Continuous Deployment complements Continuous Integration by automating the release and deployment of validated code changes into production environments. The purpose of this research is to create a software deployment automation system to make it easier and reliable for organizations to deploy software. In conclusion, the results of this research show that by adopting DevOps, Continuous Integration, and Continuous Deployment, organizations can achieve enhanced collaboration, shortened release cycles, increased deployment frequency, consistent deployment, and improved overall software quality.
Tractatus Politicus dan Demokrasi: Risalah Model-model Rezim yang Rasional
Authors: Jegalus Norbertus , Subani Yohanes
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Tractatus Politicus is a work of Spinoza's political philosophy which discusses regime models arranged in stages according to the level of use of reason: Monarchy is rational, aristocracy is more rational, and democracy is most rational. Spinoza, who is known as the prophet of reason, established rationality as a normative standard for
the three types of regimes. The rationality of a regime is measured by the size of the council which is tasked with discussing and controlling all state policies and Spinoza considers democracy to be the most rational because democracy allows for a people's council that is bigger than monarchy and aristocracy. Supomo adopted Spinoza's views as one of the philosophical sources for his state theory known as the "Staatsidee Integralistik". Interestingly, Spinoza saw democracy as the best model of government, while Supomo, who referred to Spinoza, actually rejected democracy. Simanjuntak then conducted a critical study of the philosophical source of the controversial “Staatsidee Integralistik”. However, Simanjuntak's study became more controversial, because he found that not only Supomo rejected democracy but also Spinoza. This study aims to respond to all these controversies and finds that while it is true that Supomo rejects democracy, it is not true that Spinoza rejects democracy. Spinoza was a staunch rationalist who supported democracy.

Key words: Politics, democracy, theocracy, organistic state, integralistic state.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНІ ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ В РОСІЙСЬКІЙ ІМПЕРІЇ ПІД ЧАС ПРАВЛІННЯ ПАВЛА І: СПРОБИ ТА НАСЛІДКИ
Authors: Марченко Олег
Published: December 2023

У статті аналізується роль імператора Російської імперії Павла Петровича Романова як цілеспрямованого реформатора, який попри хаотичний і не зовсім продуманий план перетворень, намагався в умовах самодержавної Росії здійснити модернізацію окремих сфер країни, використовуючи наявний у той час інструментарій і власне бачення нової моделі регулярної мілітаристської Росії.

У результаті проведеного дослідження визначені основні риси трансформаційних перетворень Павла І, які мали на меті створення сильної, централізованої держави, що ґрунтувалася на дотриманні законності, порядку, суворій нормативній регламентації, персональній відповідальності чиновників, на засудженні придворної розкоші, корупції і загалом нагадувала армійську організацію. У статті показано, що в рішеннях і діях Павла, які охоплювали адміністративну, військову, економічну, соціальну, культурну сфери, можна вбачати продовження політики «просвітницького абсолютизму» і спробу відродити петровську концепцію державної системи, за якою всіх піддані незалежно від стану повинні служити державі заради досягнення «загального благу».

Ключові слова: Російська імперія XVIIІ ст., імператор Павло І, реформи, просвітницький абсолютизм.
Three Generations of Belarusian Historical Fiction in Prose and Verse: Inspiration and Iconoclasm
Authors: McMillin Arnold
Published: December 2023

Beginning with attempts to deny or repress the very idea of Belarusian history, this article is devoted the use of historical themes by three generations of Belarusian writers, with the youngest first and ending with three from the middle generation who, as a rule, do not show the influence of their elders on themselves, nor do they seem greatly to influence the younger writers. All ages, however, are engaged in the same struggle to counter the anti-historical ideas propagated by the leadership of their country, and the younger writers bring a sometimes unusual, indeed iconoclastic, approach to this important task.
Mortality Rate of Sepsis Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: The Prognostic Role of Ejection Fraction and Procalcitonin
Authors: Hejazi Mohammad Esmaeil , Samadi Takaldani Ali Hossein , Ranjbar Abdolmohammad , Negaresh Mohammad , Hejazi Yasin
Published: December 2023

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Experimental and Bioinformatic Clues to the Potential Roles of hsa_circ_0013958 and hsa_circ_0003028 in Clinopathophysiology of Breast Cancer
Authors: Firoozi Zahra , Saeidi Kolsoum , Mohammadi Soleimani Elham , Daraei Abdolreza , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Saleh-Gohari Nasrollah , Mansoori Yaser
Published: December 2023

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed single-stranded non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play pivotal roles in development and progression of breast cancer (BC). Although the roles of hsa_circ_0013958 and hsa_circ_0003028 in some malignancies have been explored, their function and expression in breast tumors are still unknown. This study was aimed to bioinformatically and experimentally evaluates the expression and potential function of hsa_circ_0013958 and hsa_circ_0003028 in BC. Materials and Methods: The quantitative real-time PCR method was used to determine the expression of hsa_circ_0013958 and hsa_circ_0003028 in 50 tumor samples and matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Besides, we used bioinformatic approaches to identify potentially important competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks that are regulated by these circRNAs using some databases and software tools. Results: The hsa_circ_0013958 was significantly down-regulated in breast tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues, while the hsa_circ_0003028 had an upregulated pattern. Interestingly, it is found the higher expression of hsa_circ_0013958 showed association with a lack of use of hair dye as well as age at menarche â‰¥14 years in subjects. On the other hand, hsa_circ_0003028 expression was meaningfully related to age at first full-term pregnancy, antiperspirants use, and regular menstruation. Next, we found that these two circRNAs can potentially regulate some circRNAs-mediated miRNA sponge regulatory networks. Conclusion: The current work indicated that the hsa_circ_0013958 and hsa_circ_0003028 had reverse expression patterns in breast tumors, and it seems that they play key roles in the physiopathology of this cancer through potential key regulatory ceRNA functions. However, further functional studies are needed to validate these bioinformatically observed roles. [GMJ.2021;10:e2064]
Phonophoresis Plus Topical Nitroglycerin Versus Hydrocortisone for the Management of Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Maghroori Razieh , Fakhari Shiva , Taheri Parisa
Published: December 2023

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF), is the most common reason for inferior heel pain. Various approaches have been raised for the treatment of PF; however, none had substantial outcomes. The current study aims to assess and compare phonophoresis outcomes plus topical nitroglycerin versus phonophoresis plus topical hydrocortisone for PF management. Materials and Methods: The current randomized clinical trial was conducted on 65 patients with PF diagnosis, who underwent ten every-other-day treatment sessions with phonophoresis plus 20mg nitroglycerin (n=33) or 20mg hydrocortisone (n=32), respectively. The Modified Roles and Maudsley (RM) score and the visual analog scale (VAS) were compared between the two groups at baseline, three weeks, and two months after the interventions. Besides, the plantar fascia thickness was measured at baseline and two months after the intervention. Results: The baseline RM (P=0.067) and pain severity (P=0.057) was similar between the two groups, but other assessments revealed the superiority of phonophoresis plus topical nitroglycerin over topical hydrocortisone (P<0.05). The reduction in plantar fascia thickness was more in phonophoresis plus nitroglycerin-treated patients as compared to the latter group (P<0.001), but the requirement of additional doses of analgesia was remarkably more in hydrocortisone-treated patients (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the current study, phonophoresis plus topical nitroglycerin was superior to phonophoresis plus topical hydrocortisone in pain relief, improved quality of life, and decreased fascia thickness. However, further investigations are required to achieve the ultimate outcomes for a more extended period. [GMJ.2021;10:e2072]
Geographic Stomatitis with Multiple Areas Involvement of Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of Literatures
Authors: Abbasi Farid , Sehatpour Aliyeh , Sajedi Seyed Masoud , Bahadori Parisa , Nouri Mohadeseh
Published: December 2023

Background: Geographic stomatitis is an uncommon migratory benign lesion of oral mucosa with unknown etiology. It can affect all the areas of the oral mucosa, but the dorsum and lateral borders of the tongue are the most commonly involved areas called geographic tongue. The clinical appearance of this condition is the oval or circular erythematous areas with irregular elevated keratotic borders. These characteristic features of geographic stomatitis are diagnostic for all clinicians when appearing on the dorsum of the tongue, despite other affected areas of oral mucosa that can confuse clinicians. This condition may be associated with some diseases such as psoriasis, Reiterâ€™s syndrome, and atopic conditions, so the clinicians should rule out these diseases and diagnose the geographic stomatitis. Case Report: A 17-year-old male attended to our department for a routine dentistry checkup. During the intraoral examination, we found multiple erythematous areas surrounded by a thin white border on different surfaces of his oral cavity. His extraoral examinations were completely normal. Conclusion: Due to the rarity of this lesion on the other sites of oral mucosa rather than dorsum and lateral borders of the tongue such as labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, the floor of the mouth, ventral surface of the tongue, and palate, it is necessary to report, study and evaluate each case of this condition that clinicopathologic findings have confirmed this diagnosis, to treat and advice these patients on the best approach. [GMJ.2021;10:e2071]
Curcumin: A Literature Review of Its Effects on Bone Health and Osteoporosis
Authors: Tohidian Mostafa , Moradi Zahra , Jalalifar Tofigh , Roshanisefat Sarvenaz , Jamalnia Sheida , Reihani Elnaz
Published: December 2023

Natural compounds can be used as a complementary or alternative medicine for many diseases, such as osteoporosis. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound and the major active component of turmeric, is reported to play important roles in bone health and osteoporosis. By affecting proliferation, differentiation, lifespan, and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, curcumin can directly modulate bone tissue hemostasis. Due to its insignificant side effects and several therapeutic properties, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antirheumatic, it could be a potential therapeutic agent to prevent and treat osteoporosis. This review aimed to summarize the most important findings of in vitro, animal, and human studies in an effort to clarify the possible effects of curcumin on osteoporosis and to explain the exact molecular mechanism by which curcumin exerts its action. [GMJ.2021;10:e2129]
Evaluation of the Anti-Oxidative Effects of Monocyte Cells Treated with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Supernatant on Experimental Colitis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Ghalavand Majdedin , Esmaili Gouvarchin Ghaleh Hadi , Jalali Kondori Bahman , Razaviyan Javad , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira
Published: December 2023

Background: Alternate activation of monocytes could induce anti-inflammatory impacts. This study aimed to investigate whether monocyte cells treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells supernatant (MSC-Sp) could improve anti-inflammatory responses as a cell transfer therapy for colitis. Materials and Methods: The induction of experimental colitis was done by acetic acid in four groups of male BALB/c mice, including the control colitis, treated-monocytes, non-treated-monocytes, and mesalazine groups. Following MSCs culture, the supernatant was harvested, and then 50% conditioned media, or negative control media was added to the monocytes for 24 h. After ten days, peritoneal injection of treated or non-treated-monocytes (105 cells/100ÂµL) was performed in animals' relevant groups of colitis. Ten days later, the oxidative stress profile and histopathological evaluation of colon tissue were assessed. Results: Treated monocytes showed a significant improvement in the oxidative stress profile, namely myeloperoxidase (0.126Â±0.008), nitric oxide (0.153Â±0.01), and malondialdehyde (0.148Â±0.014) compared to the control colitis group (P<0.05). Also, histopathological results revealed that the rate of damage in the treated-monocytes group was less than in normal mice. Conclusion: Our study indicated that the treated monocytes had anti-oxidative potential in colitis mice and were usable as a complementary therapy. [GMJ.2021;10:e2131]
Comparison of the Effect of S14161 Small Molecule and Glaucium Flavum Extract on A549 Cancer Cells
Authors: Kalantari Mahshad , Entezari Maliheh , Ashrafizadeh Milad , Movafagh Abolfazl , Hushmandi Kiavash
Published: December 2023

Background: Lung cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Iran. Due to the side effects of common cancer treatments, everyone has turned to herbal remedies and new treatments. This study aimed to compare the effect of S14161 small molecule and Glaucium flavum extract on the induction of apoptosis in A549 cancer cells. Materials and Methods: In this study, the A549 cell line was treated with different concentrations of S14161 small molecule and G. flavum extract compounds. MTT assay was performed to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and compare the viability of treated cells on days 1, 3, and 5. Also, the real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to investigate the expressions of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes. Results: MTT results showed that both the combination of S14161 and G. flavum extract resulted in cell death and reduced cancer cell viability. However, the viability rate was greater by S14161, and this small molecule significantly increased the expression of Bax, P53, and Bad apoptotic genes and decreased the expression of the Bcl2 gene, which shows the induced apoptotic effect of S14161 in comparison with G. flavum. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that S14161 had fewer IC50 and caused cell death by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway, and Glaucium flavum caused cancer cell death due to its alkaloid compounds. Therefore, both compounds are recommended as drug candidates for the treatment of lung cancer.[GMJ.2021;10:e2151]
The Correlation Between Temperament and Fitness for Work According to the Persian Medicine Viewpoints: Persian Medicine Viewpoints on Fitness for Work
Authors: Ayati Mohammad Hossein , Mazhari Mohammad Mahdi , Karimi Mehrdad , Shams Ardekani Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2023

Working is an inseparable part of a human being’s life, every person must have a job to earn a living. However, working comes at a physical and mental cost not only to the working person but also to his/her co-workers and employers, and could also affect the environment. Therefore, each potential employee must be assessed to see if they are suitable for the job and vice versa. In occupational medicine, fitness for work is now determined by clinical and paraclinical testing, which is seen as a useful procedure, yet illnesses and accidents still happen at work. This procedure could be facilitated and enhanced by a more all-encompassing strategy, such as the temperamental theory in Persian medicine. Through temperamental theory, each person is assessed based on specific signs and symptoms according to the qualities of hotness-coldness, and wetness-dryness which can provide extra insights into an employee’s capabilities. This study aims to provide specific characteristics of each temperament, and their relationship with personal traits that could affect job performance, as well as job suggestions for each temperament through an extensive review of Persian medicine books and matching them with the current occupational medicine resources.
Successful Treatment of Chronic Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis Using Traditional Persian Medicine: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi , Heydari Mojtaba , Namazi Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2023

Background: Seborrheic Dermatitis (SD) is a common, chronic and relapsing disorder caused by changes in the cutaneous microflora. This disease is called hozaz in traditional Persian medicine (TPM). Topical application of Althaea officinalis L. in combination with vinegar has been traditionally recommended for treatment of this disease. Case Report: This paper presents long-term remission of resistant SD in a 32-year-old female patient with topical application of A. officinalis in combination with vinegar, as well as the TPMâ€™s healthy lifestyle advice and dietary recommendations. Conclusion: This remarkable clinical experience suggests that further research should be conducted on the effect of A. officinalis and TPMâ€™s recommendations in the treatment of SD. [GMJ.2017;6(2):157-59]