bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of a novel reinforced concrete buckling-restrained brace
Authors: Oh Shane , Polster Lily , Manning Mark P. , Mohle Jon , Weldon Brad D. , Kurama Yahya C.
Published: November 2023

This paper describes an experimental investigation of a novel reinforced concrete buckling-restrained brace for precast concrete lateral load-resisting frame structures in seismic regions. The proposed brace uses ductile reinforcing bars with unbonded lengths across end gaps and bonded lengths at the middle region for lateral stiffness, strength, energy dissipation, and ductility. The experimental program included four isolated diagonal brace subassemblies subjected to reversed-cyclic pseudostatic lateral loading. Local buckling of the energy-dissipation bars across the end gaps is the most critical failure mode that can limit the ductility of the brace in compression. Up to this failure, the bonded and unbonded regions of the braces performed as designed. The results demonstrated the different deformation and stiffness behaviors of the braces in tension and compression. Subsequent loading to large tension displacements provided evidence of the large energy dissipation that can be expected if premature failure of the brace can be prevented. Simplified numerical models provided good predictions of the measured brace behavior until failure. This research featured the first set of tests for this brace, and the results highlighted adjustments needed to design and modeling to achieve the desired behavior of the brace. Recommendations for future research include improved shear dowel and confinement designs to prevent local buckling of the energy-dissipation bars and improved longitudinal reinforcement designs to prevent yielding of the energy-dissipation bars in the middle bonded region of the braces.
Endogenous money, soft budget constraint and the banking regulation
Authors: Ábel István , Mérő Katalin
Published: November 2023

A key observation of the endogenous money theory is that banks create deposits (money) by lending. This means that banks apparently face soft budget constraint in responding to demand for credit. However, there are several limiting factors, which can make the banks' money creation somewhat constrained, and can thus harden their budget constraint. Such factors include the need to preserve banks' profitability and the bank regulations (the capital and liquidity requirements). Previous literature on soft budget constraint (SBC) in banking mentioned government bailouts, central banks lender-of-last-resort policies, or the poorly informed depositors who over-finance banks, as reasons for the SBC for banks. Taking the endogenous money theory as a starting point, we use a different approach. We analyze whether the tools that aimed to keep the bank's budget constrain hard are appropriate for this purpose. Our analysis, as well as lessons from several recent bank crisis episodes suggest, that under current banking regulation SBC is an inherent feature of banking.
Emotional processing deficits in individuals with problematic pornography use: Unpleasant bias and pleasant blunting
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Li Hong
Published: November 2023

Background and aims

A growing body of evidence indicates a connection between emotional processes and the emergence and progression of addiction. However, scant research has examined the involvement of emotional processing within the framework of problematic pornography use (PPU). This study aimed to examine the electrophysiological and subjective differences in emotional processing between male individuals with PPU and healthy controls (HCs) following exposure to everyday affective images.

Methods

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 42 PPU participants (mean age = 20.14 years, SD = 1.35) and 45 HCs (mean age = 20.04 years, SD = 1.45) during an oddball task, in which unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral images were presented as deviant stimuli, while a neutral kettle image served as the standard stimulus. The Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) was employed to assess participants' subjective experience on the dimensions of valence and arousal.

Results

Regarding subjective measures of emotion, individuals with PPU reported lower valence ratings for unpleasant images compared to HCs. In terms of electrophysiological measures of emotion, PPU participants reported larger P2 amplitudes for unpleasant pictures compared to both pleasant and neutral pictures. Moreover, HCs showed enhanced P3 amplitudes in response to pleasant images compared to neutral images, whereas this effect was not observed in PPU participants.

Discussion and Conclusion

These findings indicate that individuals with PPU may display deficits in emotional processing characterized by enhanced responsiveness to negative stimuli and attenuated responsiveness to positive stimuli. The heightened sensitivity to negative stimuli may contribute to the inclination of individuals with PPU to engage in pornography as a coping mechanism for stress regulation. Conversely, their diminished sensitivity to positive stimuli presents a challenge in seeking alternative natural rewards to counter potentially addictive behaviors.
For God, Queen, Country and Israel
Authors: Lynch Timothy
Published: November 2023

The Christian Democratic Party was formed in 1977 with the aim of ensuring that Australian laws, institutions and mass media were consistent with Christian values. This article considers whether the strong support and practical aid that the party provided to the state of Israel from 2002 were relevant to its stated concerns. It is argued that the immediate cause of its enthusiasm for Israel was hostility towards Islam, which it came to see as a threat to Australian ‘Christian Nationhood’. The party subsequently adopted, but also adapted, Christian Zionist ideas and language, and incorporated support for Israel into its longstanding beliefs about and conduct of ‘spiritual warfare’.
Escucha la voz de Dios
Authors: . Anónimo
Published: November 2023

Quiero que descubras tus ganas inmensas de volver a VIVIR, dejar el pasado atrás, hacer de lado los problemas, inconvenientes, discusiones, en ocasiones sin fundamento alguno; reproches, peleas con tu pareja, con tus hijos, con tus padres… que finalmente no te llevan a ningún lado, los problemas no son eternos, siempre tienen solución, aunque en ocasiones no la veas pues es más fuerte tu miedo que tu Fe… mira hacia adelante y ve lo BENDECIDO y AMADO que eres por DIOS …
La Ecopsicosofía en el cuidado de sí y los ejercicios espirituales
Authors: Acosta Díaz Emilio
Published: November 2023

El llamado a la comprensión de la realidad es un reto irrenunciable para el hombre, en todas las circunstancias y desde diversos ámbitos del conocimiento y actuar humanos en búsqueda de la verdad, en un nuevo despertar de la consciencia con la responsabilidad política global que requiere el momento histórico. En este ejercicio del pensamiento se propone la Ecopsicosofía, para abordar la realidad desde una visión integradora de las acciones del hombre y las relaciones que establece con el mundo, la casa común.

El artículo esboza el sentido y significado filosófico de la Ecopsicosofía y el ejercicio investigativo doctoral filosófico en el que se sustenta, con miras a brindar la oportunidad de aproximarse a la construcción de nuevos horizontes y estrategias en la dinámica de la comprensión y la construcción de un pensamiento coherente, global e integral que responda a los requerimientos e inquietudes más urgentes del hombre contemporáneo, desde dos ejes primordiales: el cuidado de sí y los ejercicios espirituales filosóficos.
Las aguas del Galeras
Authors: Enríquez Pantoja María Viviana , Ortega Yanguatin Luis Danilo
Published: November 2023

La escasez de recursos hídricos es una problemática que tiende a aumentar constantemente, es por esto que diversas poblaciones a nivel mundial tratan de disminuir su impacto; tal es el caso del cabildo indígena del corregimiento de Genoy, en el municipio de Pasto, que de manera autónoma protege los cinco riachuelos o quebradas existentes en su territorio, de los cuales el 60% es de agua no potable (azufrada) y el otro 40% corresponde a los caudales utilizados para el consumo humano; en este sentido, se pretende analizar las prácticas de la comunidad del cabildo indígena del corregimiento de Genoy en función de la conservación de recursos hídricos naturales, mediante una investigación de corte cualitativo, hermenéutico, que evidencie la conservación de los recursos hídricos como una práctica con la que se siente comprometido el conjunto de la población del corregimiento de Genoy
Base de datos en Colombia
Authors: Gavilanes Acosta Luis Camilo
Published: November 2023

Las bases de datos son una herramienta de innovación que continúa en desarrollo para las empresas que aspiran desarrollar estrategias competitivas con base en la información que brinda el mercado actualmente, es por lo que se tratará de explicar dicha herramienta, aparte de las ventajas y desventajas que puede traer consigo para las organizaciones que deseen implementarla en Colombia, debido a que hoy en día los datos ya son una ventaja competitiva en otros países, que permiten a cualquier tipo de organización segmentar, analizar y procesar por medio de diversos mecanismos.
Ascenso y abismo
Authors: Delgado Díaz Milton Andrés
Published: November 2023

Siempre que se habla de ser humano se toca con una realidad vital como lo es la capacidad intelectiva, cuyo movimiento oscila entre la cumbre más elevada y el abismo profundo del ser, tal es la realidad de lo humano. Este escrito pretende reflexionar sobre la capacidad de ascender junto a la experiencia de descenso en la búsqueda de soluciones inteligentes y sensatas del espíritu humano. La dinámica reflexiva y de contrastación de la realidad con el ejercicio teórico interpretativo del pensar, constituyen el camino para asegurar conclusiones en torno a esta encrucijada humana, ascenso y descenso de la inteligencia. Una mirada sensata e inteligente de la contribución de la ciencia y del desarrollo tecnológico podrá situar al hombre frente a su realidad, sin despojarlo de su sentido humano. Con estos propósitos, en este artículo se procura una breve aproximación temática.
Integração econômica e harmonização de políticas na América do Norte e no Cone Sul
Authors: ARAÚJO JR. JOSÉ TAVARES DE
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Este artigo compara o processo de negociação de dois acordos comerciais: Canadá / EUA e Argentina / Brasil. O principal tópico discutido é a harmonização das políticas econômicas. Para criar uma área de livre comércio ou um mercado comum, os governos precisam enfrentar uma escolha difícil, entre os benefícios econômicos de uma integração e os custos políticos de uma soberania restrita. Duas configurações diferentes desse dilema são analisadas no artigo.
O programa de biocombustíveis Proálcool no contexto da estratégia energética brasileira
Authors: NITSCH MANFRED
Published: November 2023

RESUMO O programa de biocombustível foi iniciado em 1975 e aprimorado bastante em 1979/81 como uma reação aos aumentos de preços do petróleo e às quedas simultâneas de açúcar. Ele nunca se tornou economicamente viável, mas sempre deve sua existência ao apoio estatal que, por sua vez, foi justificado pelos poderosos interesses do açúcar. Como apenas os motores Otto (e não o diesel) podem ser movidos a álcool, o tráfego de automóveis de passageiros com seu conhecido desperdício de energia acaba sendo altamente subsidiado no Brasil, apesar da grave escassez geral de energia no país. As perspectivas futuras para o biocombustível são geralmente sombrias, pois mesmo com o aumento acentuado dos preços do petróleo, a energia na forma de alimentos deve ser mais cara que a energia para aquecimento e transporte, de modo que carvão e madeira minerais são candidatos muito mais prováveis como fontes de combustível do que a cana-de-açúcar e óleos comestíveis, quando a era do petróleo chegar ao fim.
Um modelo keynesiano de determinação do nível de emprego e salários
Authors: FERNANDES REYNALDO
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Este artigo discute a determinação de salários e emprego sob uma perspectiva keynesiana, enfatizando principalmente os aspectos microeconômicos da demanda efetiva. A abordagem adotada segue a “tradição Weintraub”. Argumenta-se que o nível de emprego depende apenas da demanda efetiva, assumindo que os preços relativos sejam rígidos. No entanto, o salário real é função também do nível de emprego e da relação entre salário nominal e custo do usuário.
Indicadores de desempenho da Atenção Primária do Programa Previne Brasil
Authors: Schönholzer Tatiele Estefâni , Zacharias Fabiana Costa Machado , Amaral Gabriela Gonçalves , Fabriz Luciana Aparecida , Silva Brener Santos , Pinto Ione Carvalho
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: analisar o alcance dos indicadores de desempenho do Programa Previne Brasil da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: realizou-se um estudo observacional, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando dados secundários referentes aos anos de 2020 e 2021, nas cinco regiões brasileiras (Norte, Nordeste, Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste), disponíveis no Sistema de Informação da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Foram utilizadas estatística descritiva, frequências relativas e medidas de tendência central e modelagem semiparamétrica considerando o intervalo de confiança de 5%. Resultados: evidenciou-se a evolução nas taxas dos indicadores de desempenho na maioria das regiões brasileiras em 2021, comparadas com 2020, todavia as Regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste tiveram taxas incipientes ou negativas, se comparadas com a Região Sudeste. Apesar da evolução nas taxas dos indicadores, poucos estados conseguiram alcançar as metas estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde para as ações estratégicas de pré-natal e saúde da mulher, enquanto nenhum estado alcançou a meta na ação estratégica de doenças crônicas. Conclusão: considera-se importante o acompanhamento da evolução dos atuais indicadores, vislumbrando a sua qualificação, para que possam avaliar a assistência e a atenção primária à saúde, bem como garantir o alcance das metas assegurando o financiamento para as ações da atenção primária.
Encontrar un nuevo equilibrio: Estudio cualitativo sobre los efectos del COVID-19 en la vida familiar
Authors: Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Marques Francielle Renata Danielli Martins , Gallo Adriana Martins , Garcia-Vivar Cristina , Carreira Lígia , Salci Maria Aparecida
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: examinar las repercusiones de la pandemia en el sistema familiar enfocándose en la perspectiva de familiares que han contraído y padecido COVID-19. Método: estudio exploratorio de enfoque cualitativo realizado con 27 personas que tuvieron COVID-19. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de entrevistas telefónicas que se grabaron en audio y estuvieron guiadas por un instrumento semiestructurado. El análisis se basó en un proceso inductivo respaldado por Análisis Temático Reflexivo. Resultados: la pandemia y el hecho de que un familiar contrajera la enfermedad fueron fuerzas impulsoras que generaron movilizaciones nuevas e intensas en el sistema familiar. Inicialmente, notaron repercusiones negativas como preocupaciones, temor, angustia, estrés, distanciamiento y aislamiento social. Con el paso del tiempo y empleando tecnologías para facilitar la comunicación, comenzaron a percibir repercusiones positivas como más cercanía, fortalecimiento de vínculos, desarrollo de nuevos roles y cuidado mutuo. Las familias también identificaron que recuperaban una posición de equilibrio, con retorno de cierto reajuste en la dinámica y el funcionamiento familiar. Conclusión: los profesionales de la salud deben admitir que la enfermedad por COVID-19 ha generado repercusiones en los sistemas familiares, además de proponer intervenciones que ayuden a las familias a hacer frente a este momento y a recuperar más fácilmente una posición de equilibrio para su buen funcionamiento.
Occupational stress in primary care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: mixed methods study
Authors: Tamborini Marcilene Marques de Freitas , Centenaro Alexa Pupiara Flores Coelho , Souto Eliane Nogueira de Souza , Andres Alana Thais Gisch , Stumm Eniva Miladi Fernandes , Colet Christiane de Fátima
Published: November 2023

Objective: to analyze the risk of exposure to occupational stress among primary healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and their perception regarding their experience. Method: mixed-methods sequential explanatory study with 50 primary care professionals. Sociodemographic, clinical, and labor questionnaires, Job Stress Scale, and semi-structured interviews were used. Quantitative data were submitted to descriptive and analytical statistical analysis; qualitative data were submitted to Thematic Content Analysis. Results: 66% of professionals were exposed to occupational stress. Doctors were associated with highly demanding work (p<0.001); nurses, nursing technicians, and dental professionals with active work (p<0.001); and dentists with lower psychological demand (p<0.001). Professionals with more than sixteen years of experience had better conditions to deal with stressful factors, compared to those with less than five years (p<0.03). Data integration showed implications of the pandemic in life, work, and interfaces with psychological symptoms. Conclusion: professionals worked under high psychological demands and a high risk of exposure to stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-control and high social support may contribute to reducing these risks, as well as professional training and experience.
Resposta emocional de pacientes cardiológicos críticos durante a higiene em cuidados intensivos: um estudo prospectivo e descritivo
Authors: Pérez-Ortega Silvia , Vallés Elena Querol , Barrera Judith Prats , Venturas Nieto Montserrat , Zabalegui Adelaida
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: analisar a resposta emocional de pacientes críticos conscientes durante a higiene diária em uma unidade de terapia intensiva cardíaca e compará-la considerando ou não as experiências prévias. Método: estudo prospectivo e descritivo. Foi aplicado questionário ad hoc de 30 itens a 148 pacientes, com base na higiene do primeiro dia. Foram feitas perguntas sobre sentimentos durante a higiene e aspectos positivos e negativos da experiência. Os pacientes foram comparados considerando o fato de terem sido higienizados anteriormente. Resultados: 67,6% eram homens e a idade média foi de 67±15 anos. 45,9% apresentavam conformismo, 27% se sentiram envergonhados e 86,3% estavam gratos por terem conversado com eles durante a higiene; 33,1% dos pacientes acamados nunca haviam recebido cuidados de higiene no leito, eram significativamente mais jovens e solteiros, e tinham um senso de limpeza mais baixo; 32% expressaram que gostariam que um membro da família ajudasse na higiene. Conclusão: os pacientes não se sentiram invadidos em sua intimidade quando receberam os cuidados de higiene e apreciaram a comunicação com o pessoal de saúde durante o procedimento. Os pacientes que não tinham recebido cuidados de higiene no leito anteriormente são mais jovens, sentem-se mais constrangidos e mais incomodados pelas interrupções, sendo mais conscientes delas.
Leaders in the pandemic: Contributions to the literature on leadership in organizations in extreme contexts
Authors: Braga Beatriz M. B. , Santos Vanessa M.
Published: November 2023

Abstract Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic triggered a crisis and required measures such as social distancing that have challenged the effectiveness of leadership theories and led some authors to suggest that the practice and theory of leadership are now standing at a crossroads. As the pandemic’s critical phase subsides and in-person activities gradually resume, this study seeks to understand how leaders faced the Covid-19 crisis and the results achieved for organizations and people. Originality/value: This work proposes a theoretical model to contribute to the literature about leadership in extreme events. We expand the model by Hannah et al. (2009) to cover elements not yet studied, considering a global, long-duration, and extreme context for which there was no previous training. Design/methodology/approach: This is a theoretical article based on the model of Hannah et al. (2009) on leadership in extreme events. The study proposes a model for leadership in extreme events by examining empirical articles on leadership during the pandemic from March 2020 to December 2022. Findings: Several leadership styles were adopted during the pandemic. However, almost all converged on mitigating the pandemic’s impact on employees, especially their emotional and psychological well-being, which was significantly affected by the threats posed by Covid-19. The study found that leaders may amplify adverse effects when communication is not clear and transparent and when business needs are priori-tized over the needs of employees.
As técnicas de Search Engine Optimization e os elementos da indexação no processo de ranqueamento em mecanismos de busca
Authors: Camossi Gustavo , Fujita Mariângela Spotti Lopes , Tartarotti Roberta Cristina Dal'Evedove , Rodas Cecilo Merlotti
Published: November 2023

Resumo: A indexação de assuntos é responsável por realizar a representação do conteúdo dos recursos informacionais, de forma que possa ser recuperada pelos usuários, em um sistema de info0rmação. O presente trabalho apresenta a importância da indexação no processo de ranqueamento no mecanismo de busca e tem como objetivo verificar como os elementos da teoria e da prática da indexação podem contribuir na recuperação da informação. A pesquisa busca identificar se as técnicas de Search Engine Optimization possuem proximidade com os elementos da indexação de assuntos. Considerando-se a falta de investigações dedicadas ao diálogo entre as duas temáticas, utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão de literatura, a fim de contextualizar o cenário de pesquisa atual sobre ambas as temáticas. Os resultados indicam poucos trabalhos que abordam as temáticas de Search Engine Optimization e indexação, em conjunto. Conclui-se que existe uma integração entre as práticas da indexação e as técnicas de Search Engine Optimization, descrevendo-se quais elementos da indexação podem colaborar para o ranqueamento no mecanismo de busca.
Implant-supported canine retraction using different reactivation intervals of elastomeric chains: A CBCT-based split-mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: ELSAYED Hend S. , EL-BEIALY Amr R. , ALSHAZLY Reem , ALMOHAMMAD Ahmad , ELAZAB Karim , EL-BADAWY Rodayna , PALOMO Juan Martin , MOSTAFA Yehya A.
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Orthodontists attempt to maximize treatment efficiency regarding time, tooth position and adverse effects. A new approach, not yet explored, is the activation frequency. Objective: The aim of this split-mouth randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of reactivation intervals on the efficiency of tooth movement. Methods: Thirty eight patients having a Class I malocclusion with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion or severe crowding, Class II with mandibular deficiency or Class III, requiring first premolar extraction and canine retraction were recruited. Elastomeric chains producing 150g were replaced every two, four, six or eight weeks. There were 36, 37, 36, and 36 quadrants randomly allocated to these groups, respectively. The canine retraction rate was the primary outcome. Canine tipping, rotation, and root resorption and pain were the secondary outcomes. Only the outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment. Results: The average total movement for the 6 months was 5.14, 5.31, 2.79 and 3.85 mm for the two-week, four-week, six-week and eight-week reactivation intervals, respectively. Root resorption was significantly higher in the two-week and four-week groups. No adverse events were observed. Conclusion: The canine retraction rate, tipping, rotation and pain were similar in 2, 4, 6 and 8-week activation intervals groups. Longer reactivation intervals show less root resorption. The trial protocol was not pre-registered. The study was self-funded.
Jardim de Sequeiro: a rainfed garden technique, innovative in aesthetics and environmental quality, inspired by the Cerrado
Authors: Pastore Julio Barea , Honorato Paulo Henrique
Published: November 2023

Abstract The “Jardim de Sequeiro” (rainfed garden) is an innovative technique of naturalistic and seasonal rainfed gardening developed by Prof. Julio Pastore and a team of professionals and students at the University of Brasilia (UnB). The first experimental garden was planted at the Instituto Central de Ciências (ICC), an iconic brutalist building at the University of Brasília and a landmark of modern Brazilian architecture. The garden extends through the 732 meters of the mega-structure, encompassing more than 5,000 square meters of rooftop gardens planted on a thin layer of soil. The experimental garden is primarily grown from seeds, making it a dynamic space. Beginning with fast-growing species, plants bloom in succession throughout the summer and early autumn. The garden is “rainfed,” relying entirely on rainfall for water, and it withers and dries with the onset of the winter drought. As such, it can be considered a garden-installation: a temporary occupation that is redesigned and improved every year. Conceived and planned during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the garden’s first cycle occurred between December 2020 and May 2021, when the university was closed. Despite the difficulties inherent to the pandemic period, the innovative nature of the project has yielded promising results.
Ramus Frame Dental Implant Functional Survival and Safety in Severely Atrophic Edentulous Human Mandibles
Authors: Tatum O. Hilt , Rams Thomas E.
Published: November 2023

Ramus frame dental implants were retrospectively studied in 360 adults with severely atrophic edentulous mandibles. Patient records up to 12 years post-treatment were independently reviewed after a single clinician surgically placed titanium long-arm ("Tatum") ramus frame implants and immediately loaded them with a mandibular overdenture. A total of 11 ramus frames were removed at 19 to 109 months post-treatment, mostly due to supramucosal bar fracture (N = 6) or mobility (N = 3). Kaplan-Meier product-limit analysis revealed the post-treatment survival probability for functional ramus frame implants to be 99.3% at 2 years (266 patients), 98.9% at 3 years (223 patients), 97.9% at 4 years (198 patients), 96.9% at 5 years (160 patients), 96.9% at 6 years (123 patients), 95.0% at 7 years (86 patients), 95.0% at 8 years (67 patients), 93.3% at 9 years (43 patients), and 91.1% at 10 years (25 patients). No statistically significant differences in functional ramus frame implant survival were found relative to patient gender, smoking, presence of natural maxillary teeth, or compliance with semi-annual maintenance care. Fracture of endosseous anterior feet/posterior arms was the most frequent implant-related complication on 29 implants, which were left in place, repaired, or replaced in situ without implant removal. At 5 years, the ramus frame implant functional survival probability without any implant-related biological or mechanical complication was 88.9%. Ramus frame dental implants, immediately loaded with a fully implant-borne mandibular overdenture, exhibited a high degree of long-term functional survival and safety in severely atrophic edentulous human mandibles.
Plantas sagradas amerindias, persecución y renacimiento
Authors: Luna Porras Luis Eduardo
Published: November 2023

El conocimiento de las propiedades de numerosas plantas psicotrópicas y su uso ―en muchos casos milenario― por parte de la población amerindia en contextos rituales debe entenderse dentro de un contexto mayor que incluye la domesticación de muchas otras plantas, sofisticadas técnicas de manejo ambiental y una cosmología animista en la que los seres humanos comparten el mundo natural con otras ‘personas’ que pueden aparecer de diversas formas (transformación). Su uso implica la adquisición de estados modificados de conciencia que inciden en las cosmologías y epistemologías amerindias, al igual que en las manifestaciones iconográficas y narrativas de numerosas culturas. A pesar de su persecución por motivos religiosos la utilización de algunas de estas plantas ha persistido hasta nuestros días, siendo adoptadas en contextos religiosos y terapéuticos a veces sumados a procesos de consciencia ecológica y a la revaluación de paradigmas filosófico-epistemológicos.
Spinal cord epidural stimulation to control bladderin spinal cord injury patients v1
Authors: Medina Aguinaga Daniel , N. Herrity April
Published: November 2023

Aim was to investigate the effects of spinal cord epidural stimulation (scES) to improve bladder storage and emptying, seven individuals (32.1 ± 4.6 years of age; 6 males, 1 female) with motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI) (average time since injury at 9.1 ± 2.5 years at C3-T2 spinal cord level) previously implanted with a 16-electrode array (5–6–5 Specify, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA.) at the T11–L1 vertebral levels over spinal cord segments L1–S1 (Initial time frame of enrollment in this study following implant surgery of 3.3 ± 2.8 years ) and connected to the pulse generator (Restore ADVANCED (B21, B23), or Intellis (A101, A96, A68, B24, B07), Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) placed ventrally in the abdomen, participated in a research study conducted at the University of Louisville. Following enrollment, each participant completed a baseline Urodynamics without stimulation, followed by approximately 8 weeks of bladder mapping. Each participant completed a minimum of 20 urodynamic sessions (10 for storage; 10 for void initiation) mapping the detrusor and urethral pressure responses as well as sphincter EMG responses during both filling and emptying cystometry phases while scES parameters (anode, cathode selection; frequency and amplitude, and the number of cohorts) were modulated to isolate successful configurations. The goal for bladder capacity (BC)-scES was to target volumes between 400–500 mL based on average normal capacity and avoiding over-distention in those individuals performing intermittent catheterization 4–6 times/day (including average fluid intake). Also targeted were filling pressures (< 10 cmH20) to improve overall bladder compliance and detrusor leak-point pressures (< 40 cmH2O). Maintaining normative systolic pressures during filling, within a range of 110–120 mmHg, was a further goal. All enrolled participants completed prior scES mapping studies for cardiovascular function and thus, the cardiovascular cohort was integrated if blood pressure (BP) was elevated. All simulations accounted for any cardiovascular cohorts.
General genotyping ofMyzus persicae using PCR with microsatellite markers and gel electrophoresis v1
Authors: M. Beekman Mariska
Published: November 2023

This protocol can be used to 'roughly' genotype green peach aphids, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), based on microsatellites using PCR and gel electrophoresis with high percentage agarose gels. Please note this protocol does not result in exact allele information as it uses gel-electrophoresis for allele identification and comparisons instead of capillary-electrophoresis. Therefore, allele sizes are judged by eye and thus results are prone to human error as differentiating between identical and different-length alleles might be a challenge. Microsatellites are regions in the genome with repeating DNA sequences. This protocol targets microsatellites with di-repeats, meaning they contain repeats of two different bases, for example GAGAGAGAGA. Due to slippage during DNA replications, the number of repeats in a microsatellite region can change over time at a rate higher than that of alternative regions in the genome. The number of repeats an organism has for a certain microsatellite region represents a specific allele. The allele sizes of multiple microsatellite regions can be determined to distinguish an organisms multi-locus genotype (MLG). Because M. persicae reproduces by parthenogenesis, you can use microsatellites to determine which aphids are clone-mates (aphids coming from the same parthenogenic ancestor), as these will have the same MLG. The microsatellite regions will be targeted with PCR. Alleles with more repeats will result in a larger PCR product. As larger PCR products travel slower through an agarose gel during gel-electrophoresis than smaller PCR products, the pattern of bands seen on the agarose gel will be unique for each unique allele. It is possible to target and amplify multiple microsatellite loci at the same time in multiplex PCR. This will result in more information in a single PCR reaction, but with a trade-off when too many markers are combined as the final result can become blurry or difficult to interpret. IMPORTANT: This protocol can be used to check if various samples of M. persicae have similar or distinct MLGs. This protocol on its own can not be used to assign a specific genotype to a sample.
Participatory Budgeting and Placemaking: Concepts, Methods, and Practices
Authors: Smaniotto Costa Carlos , García-Esparza Juan A. , Kimic Kinga
Published: November 2023

Participatory budgeting has arisen as an interesting form of citizen participation in urban development and, thus, as a new way of exercising placemaking and grassroots democracy. In this article, we provide an analysis of projects in Lisbon (Portugal), Valencia (Spain), and Warsaw (Poland) with a focus on three key projects concerned with improving the public realm and their contribution to enhancing the network of public open spaces. Our guiding question is: What are the potential benefits of participatory budgeting to increase green spaces and urban governance? A comparison of the three cities’ participatory budgeting programmes provides an overview of their social and political goals and the contents that provide opportunities for citizens’ participation in decision-making. The cases of Jardim do Caracol da Penha (Lisbon), the Green Street Świętokrzyska (Warsaw), and the Green Plan for the Poblats Marítims District (Valencia) pave the way for a discussion on engagement, empowerment, and connectivity with the local communities through public spaces. Using participatory budgeting as a planning and political instrument at the municipal level, as the three cases show, can be a useful way to enhance and enrich the communities’ engagement with their environments. One aspect that emerged is the communication strategies implemented in the three cases. The analysis shows that the use of media and social networks to disseminate information and gather supporters for their ideas and this growth in political influence seems to be essential for participatory budgeting. The study is backed by desk work (comprehensive understanding of the local programmes) and field work to better identify the changes in loco.
Extending The Shelf Life of Ready-To-Eat (RTE) Meat Product by Using Turmeric and Red Ginger as Film Coating of Active Packaging
Authors: Budi Dharma Adi Sidharta
Published: November 2023

The high demand for ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products is attributed to their convenience, safe, and healthy properties. The high nutritional content presence in the RTE meat product promotes the presence and growth of microbial pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. It is considered to be the post-process contamination that is responsible for the shortening of a product’s shelf life which leads to spoilage or foodborne diseases. The aim of this systematic review is to develop and summarize the use of red ginger and turmeric bioactive compounds as antimicrobial materials to ensure their quality and extend the shelf-life of RTE beef rendang products. Thus, the current studies of coating technology of bioactive compounds and vacuum-sealed packaging are considered to be combined strategies that develop a more robust active packaging system. In order to gain a better understanding of this research field, a literature search was performed using the electronic databases Oxford Journals, Google Scholar, SAGE Journals, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis which describes 26 primary studies. The findings state that the enhanced active packaging system by using bioactive compounds was associated with a significant prolongation of various RTE meat product’s shelf-life of up to 30 days of storage at room temperature. Moreover, the vacuum-sealed packaging in a retort pouch is also considered to improve the food safety environment against microbial contamination
Water Content, Total Dissolved Solids and Antioxidant Activity of Robusta Coffee Powder Produced by Fermenting Beans in Whey Kefir
Authors: Bintoro Priyo , Miftahurrahmi Anggun , Rizqiati Heni
Published: November 2023

Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that is usually processed into beverage products. The most widely cultivated coffee in Indonesia is Robusta coffee. However, Robusta coffee has a lower quality compared to other types of coffee. Fermentation of coffee beans during wet processing can improve coffee quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the best fermentation time for robusta coffee beans in whey kefir so that quality robusta coffee powder was obtained from the water content, total dissolved solids (TDS) and antioxidant activity. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with different fermentation time treatments. Parametric data were analysed by ANOVA and followed by DMRT test. Antioxidant activity data were analysed descriptively. Longer fermentation times reduced the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the coffee beans. However, prolonged fermentation can also increase the water content and reduce antioxidant activity. The best treatment was found to be a fermentation time of 18 hours, which resulted in a coffee bean with a good balance of TDS (3.25°Brix), water content (4.67%), and antioxidant activity (16.09 ppm).
Network Analysis of the Relationship between Personality Traits and Online Behaviour in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Research on Dota 2 Players
Authors: Rubtsova O.V. , Artemenkov S.L. , Panfilova A.S. , Tokarchuk A.M.
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of a correlation analysis of the influence of Dota-2 players’ personal characteristics on their behavior in the virtual space. The analysis is based on the data, received in the course of a series of experiments conducted by the Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Contemporary Childhood in Moscow State University of Psychology and Education in 2015-2023. Research methods include the Q-Sort technique by W. Stephenson, the Butler-Haigh “Real and Ideal Test”, the Role Conflict Questionnaire developed by O.V. Rubtsova, and Adolescent Egocentrism Scale (AES) by R. Enright. The sample includes 103 active players of MOBA Dota-2 aged 14—25. The paper discusses statistical correlations, in particular, those identified on the basis of a network analysis of partial correlations. The analysis suggests that such factors as role incompatibility and the need for role-playing experience may be manifested in virtual play activity and partly determine the specifics of its implementation by adolescents and young adults.
Adaptation of the Academic Digital Literacy Scale for College Students: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Anwar Z. , Hanurawan F. , Chusniyah T. , Setiyowati N.
Published: November 2023

Today's students can also be called "Generation Z," which cannot be separated from their digital life. The characteristics of Generation Z, "digital natives," are very comfortable using digital devices in their social media life. Even though students as a whole are comfortable with digital technologies for interaction, they are still learning how to incorporate digital devices into their academic lives. The aim of the research is to adapt a digital literacy measuring tool to become the Indonesian version of student academic digital literacy. Adaptation methods include translation, synthesis, expert committee review, and pretesting. The research respondents were 364 students in the province of East Java, Indonesia. Data analysis used confirmatory factor analysis with M-Plus software. The results showed that the loading factor values ranged from 0.47-0.87 and met the minimum criteria, so they could be said to be valid. The reliability is indicated by the value alpha = 0.87 and CR = 0.89, which has met the minimum criteria, so it is reliable, while the AVE = 0.74 has met the minimum criteria, so it shows good convergence.
Study of the Educational Process Participants Readiness to Applying Digital Technologies in Education
Authors: Silakova L.V. , Sosnilo A.I.
Published: November 2023

The article presents an overview of various digital technologies used in the educational process; the problem of their perception and application by teachers and students is investigated. The purpose of the article is to identify the level of readiness of direct participants of the educational process to use digital technologies in their activities. The study was conducted on the basis of analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign scientific publications devoted to the problem of the use of digital technologies by participants of educational institutions. A sociological study was conducted by online questionnaire of students. The research methods are comparison, concretization, system and comparative analysis. The authors have revealed that the teachers' perception of the use of digital educational technologies in their activities depends on various factors, such as: age, gender, availability and degree of development of organizational and communicative abilities of a person, on the degree of motivation, as well as on the level of creativity of the teacher's personality. It is revealed that there are various barriers to the use of TSOT by teachers. Regarding the readiness of students to use TSC, it was found that students are not fully ready to use TSC in teaching, in particular, they are not aware of the essence of the concept of immersive technologies and do not identify them with virtual or augmented reality technologies. A significant part of students uses digital services that are quite similar in functionality. The actual digital technologies used in teaching in the world practice are revealed. The necessity of using digital services in virtual educational environments, including metaverses, is substantiated. In order to increase the ability of teachers to use TSOT, it is necessary that the curricula include courses on the use of TSOT in education in the context of vocational training. It is also proposed to encourage teachers to use technology in the educational process by allocating additional funding. Universities need to create conditions for students to use digital technologies.
Features of various options for anticoagulant therapy for a new coronavirus infection against the background of obesity
Authors: Kalinin Roman E. , Suchkov Igor A. , Agapov Andrey B. , Povarov Vladislav O. , Mzhavanadze Nina D.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: When treating a new coronavirus infection, the prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in obese patients is of particular importance.
AIM: To analyze various options for anticoagulant therapy in obese and non-obese patients in the treatment of a new coronavirus infection.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups: the first group — obese patients — 151 (40.8%) people [average age 63 (56–69) years], the second group without obesity — 219 (59.2%) people [average age 63 (51.5–71.0) years], p=0.998. According to the prescribed anticoagulant and the presence of obesity, patients were divided into subgroups: subgroup 1 — non-obese + low-molecular-weight heparin (n=114), subgroup 2 — non-obese + unfractionated heparin (n=58), subgroup 3 — obesity + low-molecular-weight heparin (n=76), subgroup 4 — obesity + unfractionated heparin (n=66). Venous thrombotic complications and bleeding rates were assessed. Analysis of qualitative indicators was performed using Pearson χ2 and Fisher tests. The distribution of quantitative indicators was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests (p 0.05). Due to the non-normal distribution of indicators, mean values were presented as median (Me) and interquartile range (Q1–Q3), and analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests.
RESULTS: In nonobese patients, a comparable incidence of deep vein thrombosis was noted on low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin — 1 (0.9%) case versus 3 (5.2%) cases (p=0.102). At the same time, there was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of pulmonary embolism without a source according to autopsy data — 2 (1.8%) versus 4 (6.9%) cases (p=0.004). In obese patients receiving unfractionated heparin, the incidence of this complication was higher and amounted to 9 (13.6%), and in patients receiving low molecular weight heparin — 2 (2.6%) cases (p=0.004). A higher incidence of bleeding was observed in patients with obesity compared to patients without it (10.6 vs 4.7% of cases, p=0.045). When analyzing hemorrhagic complications, it was found that the incidence of major and significant bleeding was higher in patients receiving unfractionated heparin rather than low molecular weight heparin (16.7 vs 5.3% of cases, p 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The use of low molecular weight heparin in obese patients with new coronavirus infection was associated with a low incidence of pulmonary embolism and bleeding compared with patients receiving unfractionated heparin.
Treatment of a patient with chronic causalgia after surgical removal of the neuroma in the second interdigital space
Authors: Bolshakova Daria A. , Kardanov Andrey A. , Maysigov Musa N. , Korolev Andrey V.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Mortons neuroma is a common pathology of the forefoot. Etiopathologically, this disease can be attributed to nerve fibrosis, not a tumor. We now have various therapeutic options for neuromas, the most frequent of which is traction neurectomy. Recurrent pain affects up to 35% of patients with traction neurectomy, and one-third have recurrent stump neuroma produced by the proliferation of fibrous scar tissue around the remaining nerve elements. Conservative treatment methods are more commonly used to treat recurrent neuromas and residual pain, but surgical therapy is required in some cases. Despite the relatively high prevalence, the treatment of such patients is a challenging task for orthopedic traumatologists.
CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: We show the effective treatment of a patient with stump neuroma and primary Mortons neuroma in two stages. The second interdigital space nerve was transposed, and the deep, transverse metatarsal ligament of the third interdigital space was dissected in the first stage. The second stage consists of removing the sensitive scar, resecting the plantar nerve of the third interdigital space, and performing a Weil osteotomy.
CONCLUSION: Consistent use of conservative surgical procedures, appropriate revision of the subcutaneous nerve, and excision of a sensitive scar allows for a successful therapeutic outcome, pain alleviation, and the ability to wear normal shoes.