bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Analogues to Assess Uncertainty of Layering Methods in Reservoir Modelling
Authors: Kozlowski E. N. , Davies A.
Published: October 2023

Standard reservoir modeling workflows requires the definition of geostatistical parameters, such as variograms or vertical proportion curves, to guide the definition of facies and other properties away from wells. These parameters can be calculated from local data or be defined based on data collected from digital analogs, outcrops or better understood subsurface assets. The well markers and defined layers in the model grid are the backbone of both well analysis for calculating geostatistical properties and posterior population of properties in 3D. We analyze the pitfalls of this methodology and how the proper use of digital analogs can help us reduce bias.

Digital analogs of generic reservoirs were generated using stratigraphic forward simulators. These models, which include temporal relationships of facies distributions in 3D space, can be used to benchmark other approaches to modeling. In our tests, we simulate the deposits of fluvial meandering and progradational margin systems. The layers boundaries from these models represent chronostratigraphic horizons. Extracting synthetic wells from the digital analogs allows the effect of different layering, including proportional and conformable, on the calculation of typical parameters used in reservoir modeling to be quantified.

As expected, layering selection can play an important role in the definition of geostatistical parameters, introducing significant bias in the way 3D reservoir models are built. The density of synthetic well data versus the relative size of the geological features represented in the digital analogs is another major factor in the ability to properly sample and parametrize the model. Even when using different layering approaches, the calculated parameters are different from the ones calculated on the digital analogs, since standard methods of layering do not necessarily consider temporal correlations. This raises the question of whether it is possible to correctly assess subsurface uncertainty by performing the standard layering workflow, even when different layering scenarios are considered. Geologically realistic layering, derived from plausible temporal well correlations are required.

In this study, we applied a new method for assessing uncertainty in reservoir modeling. Incorporating the right digital analogs can be a first step to improve the way well properties are correlated and the rest of the modeling steps that cascade from this.
Extinction of light in the Galactic halo - First observational evidence of the interaction of light and dark matter
Authors: III Charles H. McGruder
Published: October 2023

We study the distribution of quasars on the celestial sphere according to ground-based SDSS and space-based WISE and Gaia observations. All distributions as a function of galactic latitude, b, exhibit a decrease in quasar frequency well outside the dust in and near the galactic plane. We prove that the observed decrease in quasar frequency at high galactic latitudes is not accompanied by reddening, meaning that it can not be caused by dust. The scattering of light by the circumgalactic gas is negligible because the Thomson scattering cross section is very small. We conclude the observed scattering of light must be caused by dark matter in the galactic halo. We determine the mass and charge of dark matter particles. If the dark matter particle is a fermion its mass, mDM and charge eDM = δe, where e is the elementary charge are: mDM = 3.2 × 10−2 eV and δ = 3.856 × 10−5. If however the dark matter particle is spinless then: mDM = 0.511 eV and δ = 2.132 × 10−4. These values for the charge of a dark matter particle are orders of magnitude higher than the upper limit of the neutrino charge according to laboratory experiments. Consequently, dark matter particles are not charged neutrinos. Since dark matter particles are charged, they must emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation. However, PDM ∼ δ2, or: PDM ∼ 1.487 × 10−9Pe, where Pe is the power output of a single electron.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis of the Expression Status of Stress Granules
Authors: Sun Qiu , Cheng Shuqin , Du Liming , Ren Qingshuai , Wang Bangmao
Published: October 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a commonly occurring cancer distinguished by a bleak prognosis. Stress particles can protect cancer cells from apoptosis. This investigation aimed to analyze the impacts of stress granule genes on overall survival(OS), survival time, and prognosis in HCC. The combined TCGA-LIHC, GSE25097, and GSE36376 datasets were utilized to obtain genetic and clinical information. Optimal hub gene numbers and corresponding coefficients were determined using the LASSO model approach, and genes for constructing risk scores and corresponding correlation coefficients were calculated according to multivariate COX regression, respectively. The clusterProfiler R package was utilized to conduct an enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which utilizes the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases to detect biological processes that exhibit significant enrichment. Protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) according to stress granule genes that show differential expression within the high-risk and low-risk groups in the combined datasets of TCGA-LIHC, and with the use of the STRING website, the GSE25097 and GSE36376 datasets were constructed, and the data obtained was analyzed and visualized using the Cytoscape software. The prognostic model's receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was produced and plotted utilizing the timeROC software package. Nomogram models were constructed to predict the outcomes at 1, 3, and 5-year overall survival(OS) prognostications with good prediction accuracy. We identified seven stress granule genes (DDX1、DKC1、BICC1、HNRNPUL1、CNOT6、DYRK3、CCDC124)having a prognostic significance and developed a risk score model. In accordance with the findings obtained from the ROC analysis, the risk score model was able to anticipate 1-, 3-accurately, and 5-year OS in individuals suffering from HCC. The findings of KM analysis indicated that the group with a high risk exhibited significantly reduced overall survival (OS) in comparison with those of the low-risk group(p < 0.001). The nomogram model's findings indicate a significant enhancement in the accuracy of OS prediction for individuals with HCC in the TCGA-HCC cohort. GO and Gene Set EnrichmentAnalysis(GSEA) analysis suggested that these stress granules might be involved in the cell cycle, RNA editing, and other biological processes. Based on the impact of stress granule genes on HCC prognosis, it is possible that in the future, it will be used as a biomarker as well as a unique therapeutic target for the identification and treatment of HCC.
High-dimensional single-cell analysis identifies cellular signatures associated with response to vedolizumab therapy in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Festen Eleonora , Sun Shiqiang , Pibiri Paola , Karmi Naomi , Oelen Roy , de Jong Sofie , Bangma Amber , Teunis Johan , Kats-Ugurlu Gursah , Paraskevopoulou Maria , Farahmand Saman , Juarez Julius , Bleck Bertram , Xia Guliang , Visschedijk Marijn , Faber Klaas , Hermoso Marcela , Weersma Rinse , Bigaeva Emilia
Published: October 2023

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. When conventional therapy fails, patients need biologics such as vedolizumab (VDZ) to manage the disease. While VDZ has shown a compelling efficacy in UC, the rate of primary non-response amounts up to 50%. To uncover cellular and molecular cues that coordinate VDZ (non-)response, we performed single-cell transcriptomics and high-dimensional immunoprofiling of gut mucosal and peripheral blood cells obtained from 25 UC patients before and 14 weeks after the initiation of VDZ therapy. We show that VDZ non-response is not driven by integrins beyond the VDZ-targeted α4β7 that may carry on the influx of leukocytes to the inflamed gut mucosa. Instead, non-response is marked by a distinct cellular signature of highly abundant innate immune cells, which is clearly detectable before the start of VDZ treatment. We furthermore highlight the aberrant functional state of inflammatory monocytes and regulatory T cells in non-responders, which together with inflammatory fibroblasts form a rewired cell-to-cell communication network. This prospective longitudinal study reveals that mucosal inflammatory mechanisms are fundamentally different between responders and non-responders to VDZ, which provides deeper insights and new opportunities for improvement of UC treatment.
Microplastics in Antarctica - a Plastic Legacy in the Antarctic Snow?
Authors: Jones-Williams Kirstie , Primpke Sebastian , Galloway Tamara , Rowlands Emily , Cole Matthew , Waluda Claire , Manno Clara
Published: October 2023

Microplastic pollution in remote inland Antarctica is largely unknown. This study explored the plastic footprint of snow from remote Antarctic camps; Union Glacier, Schanz Glacier and the South Pole. Refined automated FTIR techniques enabled interrogation of <25 µm microplastics and fibres in Antarctic snow for the first time. Microplastics were pervasive (73 - 3,099 MP L-1). The majority (95%) measured <50 µm, indicating that previous microplastic reports in Antarctica may be underestimated, due to analytical restrictions. Polymer composition and concentration did not vary significantly between sites, with dominant polymers being polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE) and synthetic rubbers, likely from both local (clothing, ropes, flags) and long-range (aerially deposited) sources. Results indicate that even in the most remote regions of earth, humans are leaving a plastic legacy in the snow, and illustrate the importance of remote, cryospheric regions as critical study sites for determining temporal fluxes in microplastic pollution.
Early Color Photometry of the Type Iax Supernova 2023mnc: Inferring the Distance and Progenitor Constraints
Authors: Yang Thomas , Zhang Maureen , Shen Tianran , Jiang Justin , Faison Michael , Warrener Michael , Zheng Tai
Published: October 2023

Early-time radioactive signals from type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) can provide important constraints on the explosion mechanism and the progenitor system. We present observations and analysis of SN2023mnc, a SN Ia, ∼ 7 days following its discovery. Follow-up observations were conducted in opticalbands, covering phases from ∼ −4 days to ∼ 15 days relative to its g-band peak luminosity. The early photometry allows us to estimate the physical properties of the ejecta and characterize the possible divergence from a normal SN Ia; we were able to characterize it as a Type Iax supernova instead. The estimated date of explosion is t0 = 60130 MJD and implies a short rise time of trise ≈ 16 days. The apparent g-band peak magnitude and the post-peak decline rate are mmax(g) = −19.52 ± 0.47mag and ∆m15(g) = −0.825 ± 1.635 mag, respectively. Based on the light curve fitting of standard SN Ia models, the distance modulus is predicted to be 37.98 ± 0.207 mag for g band measurements, and the SN is predicted to be 394.46 ± 38 Mpc from Earth. Assuming a 56Ni powered radiativediffusion, the estimated bolometric light-curve peaks at 1.08ergs−1 and indicates that only 0.05M⊙ of 56Ni was produced, making SN 2023mnc a moderate luminosity object in the Iax class with peak absolute magnitude of MV = −16.4 mag. Comparing the observed color evolution with the predictedby different models such as deflagration-to-detonation transition and pure-deflagration scenario, the latter one is favored. The photometry of SN 2023mnc offers a unique opportunity to examine the progenitor systems and ignition process of the SNe Iax, adding weight to the population study of such sub-class SNe.
Mechanical and thermal properties of beef tallow/rice husk charcoal-based plaster for building applications
Authors: Astika I Made , Suprapta Winaya I Nyoman , Ary Subagia I Dewa Gede , Wirawan I Ketut Gede
Published: October 2023

The construction industry represents the largest energy-consuming sector globally, primarily due to its substantial operational processes power demand. To address this, there has been an increased emphasis on using materials capable of absorbing and storing heat as alternative energy storage in buildings. Phase Change Materials (PCMs) demonstrate this capability, harnessing the latent heat principle to absorb surplus heat energy and subsequently release it in times of deficiency. This study examines the mechanical and thermal properties of wall cladding materials integrated with PCMs, specifically beef tallow and rice husk charcoal. These composites were produced via direct incorporation, with rice husk charcoal weight fractions of 8, 10, and 12 %. This approach resulted in weight fractions of 28, 30, and 32 % in the plaster layer material. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) tests confirmed the PCM composite's chemical compatibility across all its components, with the composite morphology appearing as microcapsules. In terms of thermal conductivity, the addition of rice husk charcoal to beef tallow enhanced the PCM composite's performance. This enhancement indicated that approximately 10 % of rice husk charcoal weight fraction could be successfully incorporated into the plaster layer material without leakage. At an ambient temperature of 45 °C, a plaster composite with 30 wt. % PCM met the standard compressive strength for plaster coating. Furthermore, it was found that this composite could reduce the temperature by 2.4 °C. The results concluded that beef-tallow PCM exhibits promising potential as a heat storage system for buildings, contributing to energy conservation in the construction industry
Study of fiber detachment dynamics from the seeds by the baffle element
Authors: Veliev Fazil
Published: October 2023

The issue of the safety of cotton seeds during the roller ginning process is one of the subjects of research on the dynamic processes of primary processing of raw materials.

The study of the work of roller gins first of all showed that the process of roller ginning is based on the interaction of raw cotton, a working roller, a knife, and a breaking organ. This is a component that ensures, at certain interaction, the separation of fiber from the seeds. At the same time, there are probably no physical foundations that could determine the spatial orientation of these four components of the ginning process.

In the process of roller ginning in the initial position, the seed is drawn to the slot of the contact gap of the knife-drum due to the tension of the fibers in the contact. Subsequently, the seed is struck with a certain impulse. The separation of the fibers from the seed after the impact of the beater occurs sequentially, not simultaneously.

As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the optimum frequency of shock pulse on the seed (f=18−20) was found to be the most technologically successful in terms of providing the best quality indicators of seeds and fibers. Beating in the resonance mode allows reducing the magnitude of the shock impulse on the seed leading to the reducing degree of damage to the seeds. It is believed that in the initial position, the seeds are drawn to the slit of the contact gap of the knife-drum machine due to the tension of the fibers in the contact. At this moment, the seeds at the end of the strand move only under the action of an elastic restoring force. The active part of the fiber bundle section in a dynamic process can be as little as 0.001 or less.

The average value of the compliance coefficient for the raw cotton variety BA-440 was determined experimentally. This allows determining the stiffness coefficient of the volatiles indirectly.

According to the obtained parameters, the dynamic state of the system practically falls into the region of parametric resonance, where the motion is unstable. This means that the seeds at the end of the strand increase significantly after the impact of the beater, which leads to the separation of the seeds from the fibers
xSPDE3: Extensible software for stochastic ordinary and partial differential equations
Authors: Kiesewetter Simon , Joseph Ria R. , Drummond Peter D.
Published: October 2023

The xSPDE toolbox treats stochastic partial and ordinary differential equations, with applications in biology, chemistry, engineering, medicine, physics and quantum technologies. It computes statistical averages, including time-step and/or sampling error estimation. xSPDE can provide higher order convergence, Fourier spectra and probability densities. The toolbox has graphical output and \chi^{2}χ2 statistics, as well as weighted, projected, or forward-backward equations. It can generate input-output quantum spectra. All equations may have independent periodic, Dirichlet, and Neumann or Robin boundary conditions in any dimension, for any vector field component, and at either end of any interval.
The efficiency of liquid source nitrogen for foliar absorption in oat
Authors: Henrichsen Luana , Basso Natiane Carolina Ferrari , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Colet Christiane de Fátima , Fraga Denize da Rosa , Alessi Odenis , Conceição Gerusa Massuquini , Magano Deivid Araújo , Peter Cibele Luisa , Rosa Juliana Aozane da , Jung Márcia Sostmeyer , Babeski Cristhian Milbradt , Steidl Maria Eduarda
Published: October 2023

The objective of the study is to estimate the technical, economic and stability of nitrogen use efficiency in oats intercropped with soybean and corn in conventional management using urea and nutrient spraying for foliar absorption, considering the expression of biomass and grain yields in different cropping systems, subsidizing the validation of this technology. The study was carried out in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, in a soybean/oat and corn/oat system. In each system, two experiments were carried out, one to quantify biomass yield and another to estimate grain yield, totally four experiments. In all experiments the design was randomized blocks with four replications in a 2x4 factorial, for 2 nitrogen sources (liquid and solid) with 4 doses (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), respectively. The solid source (urea) with 45% of nitrogen for root absorption and the liquid source (N-Top®) with 28% of the nutrient for foliar absorption were applied at the phenological stage of the fourth expanded oat leaf. The analyzed variables were biomass and grain productivity, obtained by cutting the three central rows of each plot at the physiological and harvest maturity stages, respectively. The efficiency of using nitrogen from a liquid source via foliar absorption in oats promotes similar results when using urea. Regardless of the nitrogen source, doses of 45 and 75 kg ha-1 are more efficient in soybean/oat and corn/oat systems, respectively. Although the technical efficiency of liquid source nitrogen is proven, the high cost does not allow recommendation on a commercial scale
Cucumber and salinity
Authors: Al-Momany Bayan , Abu-Romman Saeid
Published: October 2023

Salinity is becoming more expanded globally. Soil salinity imposes a great challenge for vegetable-crops production in arid and semiarid regions. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is the fourth most important vegetable crop worldwide. In this review, we discuss the complex network of effects, and the ways cucumber responds to salinity. Salt stress inhibits almost all growth phases and yield components of cucumber. Accumulation of Na+ and/or Cl- ions in cucumber tissues disturbs the absorption of other ions causing ionic imbalance which affect stomatal opening. Nevertheless, high levels of NaCl in soil inhibit water uptake in the root medium exposing cucumber to osmotic stress. Osmotic stress broadly interrupts metabolic pathways by altering enzymatic activity. Both, ionic and osmotic stresses induce ROS amassing in cucumber tissues. ROS directly constrain photosynthesis by decreasing levels of total chlorophyll and degrading PSII as well as corrupting thylakoid membranes. Ultimately, NaCl-induced stress inhibits cucumber seed germination, roots and shoots growth and development, fruit quality and yield production
Perception vs. reality: Analysing the nexus between financial literacy and fintech adoption
Authors: Prabhakaran Shamli , L. Mynavathi
Published: October 2023

Fintech has revolutionized the financial services sector, fundamentally transforming how individuals and businesses manage their finances. However, effective and responsible utilization of these innovative services may require a certain degree of financial competence. To explore this possibility, this study investigates the nexus between financial literacy and fintech usage in the Indian context, considering two distinct measures of financial literacy. Primary data were collected conveniently from 391 respondents through a cross-sectional survey. Probit regression was applied to analyze the relationship between the two dimensions of financial literacy and the adoption of fintech services across three segments: mobile banking, mobile payments, and digital lending. The findings reveal a positive relationship between individuals’ subjectively perceived financial literacy and their propensity to use all three fintech services. Conversely, objectively measured financial literacy demonstrates a positive association only with the likelihood of using mobile banking. The study also identifies demographic characteristics as contributing factors to variations in fintech adoption. The study’s findings hold value for policymakers and fintech service providers, as they underscore the importance of enhancing individuals’ subjective perceptions of their financial abilities to promote wider adoption of fintech services.
Results of modern radiation-hygienic surveys of settlements of Bryansk Oblast of the Russian Federation bordering the Republic of Belarus. Part 1: Characteristics of the settlements
Authors: Romanovich I. K. , Bazyukin A. B. , Barkovsk A. N. , Biblin A. M. , Bratilova A. A. , Bruk G. Ya. , Varfolomeev K. V. , Gromov A. V. , Drozdova E. A. , Zhesko T. V. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaduka M. V. , Kormanovskaya T. A. , Kravtsova O. S. , Nekrasov V. A. , Ramzaev V. P. , Saprykin K. A. , Titov N. V. , Isakov O. A. , Zlotnikova E. I. , Sosnitskiy A. G. , Filin V. I. , Kudryashov A. V. , Ladik A. A. , Lalayan V. A.
Published: October 2023

This study presents results of radiation-hygienic surveys of the Bryansk Oblast settlements bordering the Republic of Belarus. The data were obtained in the course of implementation of measures of the “Program of joint activities of Russia and Belarus within the framework of the Union State for the protection of the population and rehabilitation of the territories affected by the Chernobyl NPP accident” in 2019–2022. The first part of the study presents a general characteristic of the current state of the problem of returning the residents of radioactively contaminated territories to normal living conditions and provides information on the settlements of the surveyed region. The modern demographic composition of the population is considered; the structure of private subsidiary plots is investigated. The results described in this part of the study indicate the main ways, which are relevant for the formation of the internal exposure dose of the public at the current stage of the radiation accident.
Efforts to Improve Critical Thinking Skills with Scientific and Gender-Based Liveworksheets
Authors: Wiono Wisnu Juli
Published: October 2023

Critical thinking is one of the skills that must be possessed by 21st century students. One of the efforts developed by the Indonesian government is to mandate teachers to use a scientific approach in the learning process. In line with the development of information and communication technology in the world, it is recommended that the implementation of learning be implemented using a hybrid learning method. The purpose of this study is to describe the effectiveness of scientific liveworksheets and gender in honing students' critical thinking skills. There were 59 students who were used as samples and consisted of 25 students and 34 students with the topic of learning the interaction of living things with their environment. The pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design was used to support the quasi-experimental research method. Data were collected by means of critical thinking skills tests, questionnaires on the implementation of the learning stages, and response questionnaires. All data were then analyzed by ANCOVA test. The results show that the scientific live worksheet causes a significant improvement in students' critical thinking skills. Another finding is that there is no difference in the achievement of critical thinking skills in male and female students. The students are facilitated in a balanced way by following the stages of learning in the scientific liveworksheet through their respective devices. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the use of scientific liveworksheets be encouraged to develop the critical thinking skills of male and female students in the industrial era 4.0.
Fluidmistar Media in Inquiry to Improve the Creative Thinking Skills of Senior High School Students
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Anwar Edi Daenuri
Published: October 2023

Learning media an important role in supporting the learning process as a tool for students to gain mastery of the material. This study aims to produce valid fluidmistar media and analyze the increase in students' creative thinking skill after using fluidmistar learning media. Research and development is a method specifically using the ADDIE development model. The data collection technique used was a test of creative thinking skills and a student response questionnaire. The results of the expert's assessment stated that fluidmistar media was feasible to use improve creative thinking skills through inquiry learning. The implementation of fluidmistar media in inquiry learning was applied to students of senior high school in Sragen, Central Java with a total sample of 58 students. Student responses to the Fluidmistar learning media obtained good category. The results of students' positive responses indicate that the developed media to improve students' creative thinking skill and positive responses. The increase in creative thinking skill can be seen based on the pretest and posttest score tested through the N-gain test obtained at 0.74 in the high category. Fluidmistar learning media is suitable for use in inquiry learning to improve students' creative thinking skills on dynamic fluid material.
Ethnopsychological Profile of a Chinese Students of Music Education as a Factor of Optimizing Academic Interaction
Authors: Du Hantyan'
Published: October 2023

Russian university education is currently very popular among Chinese citizens, who often experience various adaptation problems with academic programs for joint education of Russian and Chinese students. In such cases, effective academic process and pedagogical interaction depend on the correct understanding of the ethnopsychological characteristics of foreign students. This article reviews scientific publications on the ethnopsychological profile of Chinese students, as well as introduces relevant pedagogical strategies of academic and pedagogical interaction in teaching Chinese students that major in musical studies in Russian institutions of higher education. The author conducted a survey of Chinese students and Russian faculty members at the Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University. The resulting principles of pedagogical interaction with Chinese students can facilitate the academic process in a Russian music conservatory.
Methodology for choosing an optimal technique for surface plastic forming
Authors: Kai Jian Ding
Published: October 2023

Keywords: hardening, formalization, choice, performance requirements.
CAR-T Therapy in Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Ding Hong , Wu Yu
Published: October 2023

abstract:

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm. The emergence of proteasome
inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies has improved
the prognosis of multiple myeloma patients. However, some patients are still
insensitive to conventional therapy or frequently relapse after remission. Chemotherapy
based on proteasome inhibitors or immunomodulatory drugs is ineffective in controlling
the progression of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. No consensus has been
reached on treating relapsed refractory multiple myeloma to date. Recently chimeric antigen
receptor T cells therapy has shown promising results that could achieve rapid remissions
of patients and improve their prognoses. Additionally, most patients in chimeric
antigen receptor T cell clinical trials were triple-refractory multiple myeloma patients, indicating
that chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy could overcome drug resistance
to new drugs. Since single immunotherapies are prone to acquired resistance, combination
immunotherapies based on emerging immunotherapies may solve this issue.
Achieving complete remission and minimal residual disease negative status as soon as
possible is beneficial to patients. This paper reviewed the main chimeric antigen receptor
T cell products in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma, and it explained the drug resistance
mechanism and improvement methods of chimeric antigen receptor T cells therapy.
This review summarized the best beneficiaries of chimeric antigen receptor T cell
therapy and the salvage treatment of disease recurrence after chimeric antigen receptor
T cell therapy, providing some ideas for the clinical application of chimeric antigen receptor
T cells.
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Enhanced Glycolysis
through the SIX1/HBO1 Pathway against Oxygen and Glucose
Deprivation Injury in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiangyu , Zhang Xin , Chen Lu , Zhao Jiaqi , Raj Ashok , Wang Yanping , Li Shulin , Zhang Chi , Yang Jing , Sun Dong
Published: October 2023

Background:

Angiogenesis and energy metabolism mediated by adipose mesenchymal
stem cell-derived exosomes (AMSC-exos) are promising therapeutics for vascular diseases.

Objectives:

The current study aimed to explore whether AMSC-exos have therapeutic effects on
oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury
by modulating the SIX1/HBO1 signaling pathway to upregulate endothelial cells (E.C.s) glycolysis
and angiogenesis

Methods:

Methods: AMSC-exos were isolated and characterized following standard protocols. AMSC-exos
cytoprotective effects were evaluated in the HUVECs-OGD model. The proliferation, migration,
and tube formation abilities of HUVECs were assessed. The glycolysis level was evaluated by detecting
lactate production and ATP synthesis. The expressions of HK2, PKM2, VEGF, HIF-1α,
SIX1, and HBO1 were determined by western blotting, and finally, the SIX1 overexpression vector
or small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into HUVECs to assess the change in
HBO1 expression.

Results:

Our study revealed that AMSC-exos promotes E.C.s survival after OGD, reducing E.C.s
apoptosis while strengthening E.C.'s angiogenic ability. AMSC-exos enhanced glycolysis and reduced
OGD-induced ECs injury by modulation of the SIX1/HBO1 signaling pathway, which is a
novel anti-endothelial cell injury role of AMSC-exos that regulates glycolysis via activating the
SIX1/HBO1 signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

The current study findings demonstrate a useful angiogenic therapeutic strategy for
AMSC-exos treatment in vascular injury, thus providing new therapeutic ideas for treating
ischaemic diseases.
The Cracked Potential of Boron-containing Compounds in Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Soriano-Ursúa Marvin Antonio , Farfán-García Eunice Dalet
Published: October 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a relevant neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Its relevancy is mainly due to its high prevalence and high global burden. Metalloids have attracted attention as
their serum levels seem to differ between affected patients and healthy individuals. On the other
hand, atoms of some metalloids have been included in bioactive molecules, exerting some interesting
effects, mainly due to their ameliorative effects in neurodegeneration. In this sense, boron-containing
compounds (BCC) have been explored to regulate or prevent neurodegeneration. As an example,
boric acid has been reported as a compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic
effects. Other natural BCCs have also shown amelioration of metabolic conditions often related to
increased risk of neurodegenerative maladies. However, in recent years, additional organoboron
compounds have been reported as active in several processes linked to neurodegeneration and especially attractive as regulators of the origin and progression of AD. In this mini-review, some data are
collected suggesting that some natural BCC could be used as preventive agents, but also the potential
of some BODIPYs as tools for diagnosis and some other BCC (particularly boronic acids and pinacol boronic esters) for acting as promising therapeutic agents for AD.
Green Areas: How to Avoid the Tragedy of the Commons
Authors: Martino Valeria , Zani Gian Vito
Published: October 2023

The growing importance of green spaces in evaluating a city's quality of life and sustainability has prompted us to delve into this topic in this paper. Specifically, we aim to clarify two key distinctions: the difference between public and common goods and the distinction between collectives and aggregates. The first distinction relates to whether a resource is open to all and managed by the state (public goods) or managed collectively but with limitations (common goods). However, we can also examine this differentiation by considering the type of entity utilizing these resources. In the case of public goods, it involves individuals forming an aggregate, whereas for commons, a plural entity must be assumed to effectively manage the resource collaboratively. By exploring these distinctions in detail and examining their implications, this paper seeks to apply them to a common public resource—the green areas within cities. We aim to demonstrate the potential benefits of shifting our perspective on such resources from being considered public to being viewed as common goods.
Inclusive Library Leadership
Authors: Johnson Elizabeth "Nikki" , Copeland Andrea , Palmer Kristi , Sutton Charles
Published: October 2023

Alumni of the 2008 Indiana’s Librarians Leading in Diversity (ILLID) Fellowship Program will participate in focus groups to provide insight into the longitudinal impact of the program on their academic and professional experiences. Preliminary discussions with ILLID fellows surfaced both high and low program points, many aligning with the challenges identified in the 2017 IMLS Forum Report, Positioning Library and Information Science Graduate Programs for 21st Century Practice.  Fellows expressed that the cohort experience and mentorship were key to their development and success as library and information science professionals. Several fellows expressed while they attained a full-time professional position, the library work cultures were not wholly conducive to work satisfaction or personal well-being. The ILLID program focused on successful attainment of the MLIS degree and a professional position.  It did not however address the climate of the library environments into which the new professionals would enter. The focus group findings (along with other inputs) will inform the creation of a next generation diversity initiative one that connects recruitment and retention, one that will build a bridge between learning and working environments.   We hope to learn and share from the focus groups the impact of the original program on the fellows and how that impact influenced the profession. The knowledge we gain from the fellows’ last 15 years of experiences in libraries has the potential to contribute to improving learning environments and curriculum within LIS programs, to developing inclusive leadership approaches, and to promoting work cultures where diverse individuals can thrive.
Multiple Means of Engagement
Authors: Saunders Laura , Wong Melissa
Published: October 2023

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) offers instructors a framework “to improve and optimize teaching and learning for all people based on scientific insights into how humans learn” (CAST, 2018). The framework consists of three principles: Multiple Means of Engagement, Multiple Means of Representation, and Multiple Means of Action and Expression. This session will take a deep dive into the principle of Multiple Means of Engagement and help attendees think  deeply about how to implement that principle in their courses in concrete ways. However, rather than functioning as a traditional panel of experts providing knowledge to an audience, this session will model the practices of Multiple Means of Engagement by emphasizing  interactive discussions and activities throughout the session.

The principle of Multiple Means of Engagement is concerned with learner motivation, and centers mainly on the “why” or the reasons behind the instructional choices we make that can help to engage and motivate learners. This principle recognizes that different learners have different motivations for learning as well as different barriers that can impede that learning (CAST, 2018). Indeed, the same factors that might excite and motivate one learner could be off-putting for another. In order to engage the largest number of learners, the principle of Multiple Means of Engagement encourages instructors to provide learners with autonomy and choices, highlight the relevance of the instruction, vary demands and challenges, foster collaboration and community, and promote self-regulation including self-assessment. 

The panelists, who both have a strong grounding in pedagogy and instructional design, including the principles of UDL, will provide a framing introduction to UDL and Multiple Means of Engagement, as described in more detail below.     

This session will begin with a brief introduction to UDL and the three principles that make up the framework. From there, the panelists will offer a more thorough examination of the principle of Multiple Means of Engagement. They will review each of the guidelines and checkpoints involved in the principle as well as the theories that underpin them. Further, while the UDL framework is modality agnostic, teaching modalities such as face-to-face and online synchronous and asynchronous each present unique opportunities and challenges with regard to learner engagement and motivation. The panelists will draw on the research and their own experience teaching across modalities to discuss these specific issues. Throughout the framing portion of the session, they will provide concrete examples of the principle of Multiple Means of Engagement in action.

Following this framing presentation, the panelists will model the principles of Multiple Means of Engagement by involving attendees in interactive discussions and activities. Attendees will have an opportunity to share ideas and in collaboration with others, develop strategies for building Multiple Means of Engagement in their own courses.
“What Library?"
Authors: Klein Katherine
Published: October 2023

Although charter schools are a growing segment of the US education market, they are less likely than traditional public or private schools to have dedicated library facilities, staffing, or services. Currently there is little data about what services charter schools provide to support literacy, research, or technology skill building - services commonly provided by school libraries. Without these data it is unknown whether, how, or to what extent charter schools without school libraries ensure that their students have access to these crucial learning resources. This study collected data in 87 US based K-12 charter schools across 11 states using an online survey completed by school administrators. This survey addresses library services of charter schools both with and without school library facilities. The survey shows that most charters lack facilities and staffing to provide quality school library services. In charters that have a school library the data suggests the school benefits from more services to encourage reading for fun and information literacy instruction that can improve technology use and research skills. This study informs future research and advocacy for charter school libraries.
First-generation College Students, Academic Libraries, and Social Reproduction
Authors: Ely Eric
Published: October 2023

First-generation college students (FGCS) are an increasingly significant population at institutions of higher education in the United States. While only one aspect of college student identity, first-generation students collectively enter higher education without parent(s) who have obtained, at minimum, a bachelor’s degree. As such, FGCS tap into wider networks for advice and support in making the transition to college. In this way, tapping into one’s social capital can contribute to college access, persistence, and success in the field of higher education. These terms – capital and field – are core concepts, along with habitus, that comprise Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical apparatus.

This dissertation applies Bourdieu’s concepts of capital, habitus, and field to first-generation college students’ attitudes, perceptions, and use of academic libraries within the general library system of a large, public, historically White university. The critical qualitative study adapts Phil Carspecken’s (1996) 5-stage framework for conducting critical qualitative research and Bourdieu’s (Bourdieu & Wacquant, 1992) recommendations for conducting a study of field. The resulting analytical framework includes inductive and deductive coding, meaning field and reconstructive horizon analysis, and an analysis of system relations. Findings can inform academic library practice and are also applicable to higher education more generally, e.g., via early intervention for FGCS. Three primary themes emerged during the data analysis process: (1) perceptions of academic libraries as anxiety-inducing spaces, (2) perceptions of libraries as sites of assurance and comfort; and (3) the relationship between students’ capital composition and their perceptions and use of academic libraries.
“…And Well-Being for All”
Authors: Vamanu Iulian , Logsden Kara , Laurian Lucie
Published: October 2023

Library and Information Science (LIS) programs in the U.S. are continuously assessing the educational needs of their students against the daily realities of library practice. This process is reflected in the American Library Association Core Competences of Librarianship. The constantly evolving nature of this programmatic document testifies to the changing nature of the contexts in which librarians conduct their work. LIS research often reveals gaps between expected professional competencies of librarians and LIS pedagogy and curriculum. This paper focuses on some of these gaps as evidenced by the three co-authors’ ongoing research on Midwestern public libraries. In doing so, the paper contributes to the scholarship on best practices in public librarianship and librarian education. The authors articulate a key implication of their research for the competencies of library professionals in a complex world of environmental, economic, and political challenges. Finally, they describe an assignment sample by means of which LIS students can learn how to address social justice needs in the community; demonstrate how to practice cultural humility when planning for collections, programs, and services; and apply Evidence-Based Practice processes for identifying, assessing, and addressing community needs.
Mapping a Taxonomic Framework for Developing Adolescent Mental Health Literacies for Educators, Librarians and Other Helping Professions
Authors: Abura-Meerdink Gloria , Mehra Bharat
Published: October 2023

The adolescent mental health burden is a global phenomenon with implications for morbidity and mortality. Adolescent health disparities have been impacted by the underutilization of mental health services, stigma and shortage of culturally and age-appropriate mental health programs and interventions globally. Mental health literacy is one way through which we can bridge this gap (Eisenbach & Frydman, 2012). This is because mental health literacy is an empowering tool that educators, librarians and helping professionals can utilize to promote community health while training emerging leaders across disciplines to develop culturally relevant services and resources (Mehra & Jaber, 2021). However, the translation and transportability of mental health literacies across various communities and contexts is contingent of several factors-the communities being served, cultural context, and the availability of resources.  In this study, we searched APA PsycInfo, a premier database for mental health practitioners. We applied the following search terms, education, adolescents, “mental health literacy” or “mental health literacies” that were combined using a Boolean strategy. Our search generated 157 articles. Through a content analysis, we utilized the framework for information literacy for higher education (Association of College and Research Libraries, 2016) to analyze the abstracts of 80 of these articles. The findings could potentially bridge the gap in teaching, learning, practice and competencies for educators, librarians and mental health practitioners.
The Role of Data Literacy in Building Competencies for LIS Professionals
Authors: Moyosore Adegboye  , Sneha Vaidhyam
Published: October 2023

In today's information-driven society, LIS professionals must possess a wide range of competencies to succeed in their roles. With the increasing amount of digital information being created and shared, the ability to work with data has become a critical competency for LIS professionals. This competency is known as “data literacy”. Our goal is to explore the role of data literacy in building competencies for LIS professionals. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving a comprehensive literature review and data collection through surveys with LIS professionals. The results of this study suggest that LIS professionals require competencies related to data collection, analysis, interpretation, and communication in order to effectively work with data. Integration of data literacy into LIS education and training programs can be achieved through various strategies, including curriculum development, training workshops, and mentorship programs. Existing data literacy programs were found to have varying levels of effectiveness, highlighting the need for further improvement. Based on the research findings, the study provides recommendations for the integration of data literacy into LIS education and training programs, including interdisciplinary course development, use of real-world data sets, and partnerships with data-driven organizations. The study concludes that the integration of data literacy into LIS education and training is essential for the success of LIS professionals in their roles and for the advancement of the LIS field. Overall, this study underscores the need for LIS professionals to possess data literacy competencies to succeed in their roles and contribute to the advancement of the LIS field.