bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Attitude towards Post-mortem Examination amongst the Residents of Imphal West
Authors: A. Haricharan  , Th. Meera Devi  , Brogen Singh Akoijam
Published: January 2024

A postmortem examination is still under an umbrella of misconceptions, myths, and emotions amongst thepeople as well as physicians. The knowledge and attitude of the general public towards medicolegal postmortem examination have not been investigated thoroughly. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude towards postmortem examination amongst the residents of Imphal West. A total of 450 participants were approached and analyzed. It was observed that 41% of the participants had adequate knowledge about the medicolegal postmortem examinations. Further, 11 % of the participants had negative attitude towards the postmortem procedure. Despite having an important role in the machinery of justice, the knowledge andattitude of the general public towards autopsy is still poor. From the findings of our study, it is evident thatmyths, misconceptions and lack of awareness still exist in the minds of people about postmortem examinations.There is a need for clarification about the essence of postmortem examination, which is an important tool in the administration of justice.
Estimation of Pattern of Skull Fractures in Homicidal Deaths: An Autopsy Based Cross Sectional Study Conducted in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: P.Praveen Kumar  , K.Priyatharsini  , S.Balasubramanian
Published: January 2024

The head is the most vital part of the body among various organs as the injury to the head will result in fataloutcomes compared to injuries sustained to other parts of the body. There has been an increased global incidence of head injuries in case of homicidal deaths. The present study aims to estimate the various patterns of the skull fractures in case of homicidal deaths and also the nature of injury causing such skull fractures in homicidal deaths.The present cross-sectional study revealed that out of 4036 autopsies, there were 74 cases of homicidal deaths with 67 male and 7 female cases. The skull fracture was noticed in 54 cases out of these 74 cases. The maximum number of homicidal deaths were found to be in the age group of 21 to 40 years. Among the different types of skull fractures, the isolated cut fracture contributed to 46.30% of cases followed by isolated fissured fractures and then by the combination of other types of skull fractures. The nature of injury causing skull fractures was blunt force in 51.8% of the cases then by sharp force injuries and then by the combination of these two. To bring down the incidence of homicidal deaths among the younger individuals, strict enforcements of law may be ensued on possession of blunt and sharp force weapons which are used for the brutal attacks.
Enhancing Patient-Centered Care for Metabolic Screening and Engagement for Clients in a Rural Integrated Clinic
Authors: Keife Earley  , Ann Schaeffer
Published: January 2024

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects approximately 34% to 40% of adults in the United States,leading to chronic diseases and an annual healthcare cost of $2,000 per person.Local Problem: Practice gaps in metabolic screening were identified at Early Healthcare. Among patients, only 30% underwent weight and blood pressure measurements, 18% received lipid panel lab work, and 2% had waist circumference measurements.Methods: This quality improvement initiative used four 2-week Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles. The approachintegrated various frameworks, such as the Institute of Medicine’s patient-centered care domain, to enhancemetabolic screening and patient engagement with shared decision-making (SDM). Data from process and outcome measures were analyzed every 2 weeks using summary tables and run charts to determine the next test of change.Interventions: Core interventions included screening MetS risk factors and patient engagement.Results: Effective care scores increased from 55% to 98% (8-week average: 78%). MetS screening rose from 64% to 97% (8-week average: 82%). SDM increased from 57% to 100% (8-week average: 76%). Team engagement improved from 1.3 to 4.7. Patient satisfaction scores increased from 3.3 to 4.4 (8-week average: 4). MetS detection rose from 3% to 24% (8-week average: 18%).Conclusions: The project’s success underscores the value of patient-centered care interventions in improvingpatient outcomes for MetS risk and fostering a patient-centric culture within the healthcare system.
Fasciotomy in Snake Bite Victims and Renal Outcome in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sruthi Balla  , M. Seenivasan  , C. Anandi  , S.A.K. Noor Mohammed  , P. Nagrajan
Published: January 2024

Background: Snake bite is a neglected tropical disease. More than 50% of death due to snake bite in the world occurs in India. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the cause of morbidity and mortality in viper bite. The compartment syndrome is a rare manifestation of snake bite. There is paucity of data on the role of fasciotomy in viper bite.Methods: A prospective observational study was done in patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in southIndia, with snake bite-associated acute kidney injury, from March 2018 to March 2020.Results: Sixteen % of patients underwent fasciotomy following snake bite. We compared the renal outcome of 21 patients, who had undergone fasciotomy following snake bite, with 65 patients with dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury following snake bite. The patients in the fasciotomy group had a lower peak serum creatinine (5.3 mg/dl), needed less number of dialysis sessions (3.9) and were on lesser number of days (6.1) on dialysis following snake bite, when compared with the group not needing fasciotomy.Conclusion: In snake bite patients presenting with compartment syndrome, fasciotomy should be considered in view of favourable renal outcome.
The Dogs Prey – A Canine Menace: A Case Report
Authors: R. Varun Kumar  , M. Taqiuddin Khan
Published: January 2024

A 13 years old male found dead with several bite marks in the body, with some 8 to 10 dogs around that area.The deceased body was brought to Mortuary, Osmania General Hospital at 03:30 PM on 19/05/2022 by the Investigation Officer and requested for postmortem examination under section 174 Criminal Procedure Code.On postmortem examination, there were multiple claw marks, avulsed lacerations, puncture wounds present all over the body, laceration of platysma and a retro-laryngeal hematoma with fracture of 6th cervical vertebrae were noted, all were suggestive of canine tooth injury. All the internal organs were pale and cause of death was given as massive haemorrhage consequent to animal bites over head, neck and trunk.
Parent–Adolescent Connectedness and Attitude to Communicate on Substance Abuseamong Parents of Adolescent Boys
Authors: T.R. Manjula  , Nelcy Mariam Prasad  , Durai Prakash Raj V  , Manisha M  , Sajith S
Published: January 2024

Background/Aim: The youth drug epidemic is growing at an alarming rate in India among the adolescents. In India, a survey by non-governmental organizations revealed that 63.6% of patients who came for treatment were given drugs under the age of 15.It is important for the parents to talk with their adolescent boys regarding the ill effects of substance abuse. The study intends to explore whether the parents have an attitude to talk about substance abuse with their adolescent boys. Materials and Methods: A quantitative descriptive research design was used. 100 parents of adolescents were selected using purposive sampling technique. A validated study questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, extent of communication, and parental attitudes to communicate on substance abuse. Inferential and descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Results: The projected outcome of the study was to create a statistical data on parent-adolescent communication, parental attitude to communicate on substance abuse and to create for awareness among parents of adolescent boys to take initiation to speak about ill effects of substance abuse and to lead a life free from substance use. Conclusion: Majority of samples had moderate level of communication and adequate level of parental attitude regarding talk on substance abuse.
OPTIMIZATION OF NETWORK SCHEDULE OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM WITH FUZZY WORK DURATIONS
Authors: Semakhin Andrey Mikhailovich
Published: January 2024

Increasing the efficiency of information systems design is an urgent task. This paper uses the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic in solving problems of network planning and management to determine the approximate optimal network schedule of an information system with fuzzy work durations.
Testicular Disorders in Children
Authors: Yigman Zeynep , Atalar Kerem , Kılınç Sevtap , Eryılmaz Sibel , Ünsal Ali , Türkyılmaz Canan , Aracıer Uçaner Fatmanur , Bozkurt Betül , Altin Gülburun Merve , Eryılmaz Sibel , Şalcı Gül , Shehata Sameh , Kotb Mostafa , Zain Mostafa , Toumı Afef , Ben Fredj Myriam , Ksıa Amine , Kaya Cem , Ünsal Ali , Sevimli Aslı , Arshad Muhammad , Saleem Ayesha , Türker Leyla Nur , Dilek Efe , Bülbül Bensu Şule , Yeşil Süleyman , Polat Fazlı , Güney Gonca , Pardaz Nassim Emaret , Karabulut Bilge , Tagci Süleyman , Kapısız Alparslan , Kaya Cem , Oral Hayrunnisa , Azzam Abdurrahman , Arkan Gökhan , Ergün Mehmet Ali , Bulut Ender Cem , Döğer Esra , Bideci Aysun
Published: January 2024

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Bilim ve Sanat Merkezleri Müzik Öğretmenlerinin Müzik Yeteneğinin Tanılanması ve Bunun Öğretim Süreçleri Üzerindeki Etkilerine Yönelik Görüşleri
Authors: BAĞRIAÇIK Belgin , EREN Altay , ECE Ahmet Serkan
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışma, Bilim ve Sanat Merkezleri (BİLSEM) müzik öğretmenlerinin, 2018 yılından önce ve 2018 yılından itibaren müzik yeteneğinin tanılanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilen uygulamalara ilişkin görüşleriyle, bu uygulamaların öğretim süreçleri üzerindeki etkilerinin öğretmenler tarafından nasıl algıladığını, karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısıyla incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmada betimleyici olgu bilimsel desen kullanılmış ve araştırmanın katılımcılarını, ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi aracılığıyla seçilen 30 BİLSEM müzik öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Veriler, yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen bir görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Tutarlılık, basitlik ve kapsayıcılık ilkelerinden hareketle, bir dizi içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve araştırmanın bulguları söz konusu analizler sonucunda elde edilen temalar ve kategorileri kapsamında yorumlanmıştır. Bulgular, öğretmenlerin, 2018 yılından önce ve 2018 yılından itibaren gerçekleştirilen tanılama uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerinin, genel görüşlerini içeren temalar ve kategorilere ek olarak, öğrenci özellikleri, bu uygulamaların zayıf ve güçlü yönleri ile zayıf yönlerin nasıl güçlendirilebileceğine ilişkin önerilerini içeren temalar ve kategorilerle tanımlanabildiğini göstermiştir. Bulgular, öğretmenlerin, 2018 yılından önce ve 2018 yılından itibaren gerçekleştirilen tanılama uygulamalarının öğretim süreçleri üzerindeki etkilerine yönelik görüşlerinin, öğretim stratejileri, yöntemleri, teknikleri, materyalleri ve etkinliklerine yönelik temalar ve kategorilerle birlikte, öğrencilerin talepleri ve bunların karşılanma düzeyleriyle ilgili temalar ve kategorilerle betimlenebildiğini de göstermiştir. Öğretmenlerin, 2018 yılından önce ve 2018 yılından itibaren gerçekleştirilen tanılama uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerinin önemli farklılar içerdiği de gözlenmiştir.
Tipik Gelişim Gösteren 36-71 Ay Arasındaki Çocukların Adlandırdığı Sözcük Türlerinin Belirlenmesi ve Hata Analizi
Authors: MAVİŞ İlknur , TUNÇER Aylin Müge , SELVİ BALO Semra
Published: January 2024

Sözcük bilgisi, dil gelişiminin önemli bir temel taşıdır. Bir sözcüğün çocuğun dağarcığına katılımını takip etmek anneler veya bakıcılar için erken yaşlarda kolay olabilir; ancak sözcük edinimi hızlandıkça sözcüklerin edinim yaşlarını not almak zorlaşacaktır. İleri yaşlarda ise sözcük bilgisi hakkında bilgi veren objektif testlerden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu testler uygulanırken katılımcılara farklı sözcük türlerinden (ad, eylem, sıfat vb.) resimler gösterilerek adlandırmaları istenir. Mevcut araştırma, tipik dil gelişimi gösteren 36-71 ay arasındaki çocukların resim adlandırma becerilerini ortaya koymayı ve adlandırma sırasında yaptıkları hataları analiz etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışmada, 8-36 ay arası çocuklardaki sözcük gelişimini ebeveyn beyanına göre değerlendiren Türkçe İletişim Gelişimi Envanteri’nin (TİGE) Türkçeye uyarlanması sürecinde belirlenen ve resimlendirmeye uygun sözcükler ‘adlandırma sözcükleri’ olarak seçilmiştir. Seçilen 140 sözcüğün ait olduğu TİGE kategorileri ‘hayvanlar, taşıtlar, oyuncaklar, yiyecek ve içecekler, giysiler, vücut bölümleri, küçük ev eşyaları, mobilyalar ve odalar, evin dışı, insanlar, eylem sözcükleri, tanımlamaya yardımcı sözcükler ve yer bildiren sözcüklerdir. Çalışmaya tipik dil gelişimi gösteren 68 çocuk katılmıştır. Üç farklı yaş grubunda (36-47; 48-59; 60-71 ay) incelenen tipik dil gelişimi gösteren çocuklardan toplanan verilere bakıldığında, tüm semantik kategorilerinden alınan adlandırma puanlarının yaş ile arttığı ve çocuklarının adlandırma performanslarının birbirinden anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Çocukların isim ve eylemleri sıfat ve diğer sözcük türlerinden daha fazla doğru adlandırdığı saptanmıştır. Bu farklılık tüm karşılaştırmalarda daha büyük yaş grubu lehinde gözlenmektedir. Her yaş grubunun hangi kategoriden daha çok sözcük adlandırdığı belirlenmiş; ek olarak, çocukların adlandırma hataları analiz edilmiş ve örnekleri ile sunulmuştur.
Preliminary evaluation of complex decongestive therapy in the treatment of upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer
Authors: Mai Thi Hong Van
Published: January 2024

Background: Secondary upper limb lymphedema is a common complication after breast cancer treatment. Among the treatment methods, conservative treatment with complex decongestive therapy brings positive results to patients and it is non - invasive.

Methods: Cross - sectional description of 7 cases diagnosed with lymphedema after breast cancer and treated with complex decongestive therapy. Assessment was based on limb circumference with 4 different measuring positions and Quick - Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Q-DASH).

Results: The mean age was 58.4 (42 - 73), there was 1 patient in stage I, 5 patients were in stage II and 1 patient was in stage III. After 1 month of treatment, all patient’s hand circumferences were decreased, of which 1 patient was returned to normal hand circumference. All 7 patients were decreased Q-DASH scores.

Conclusion: This technique can be widely applied to other patients with upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer. This study needs to be performed with a larger sample size to confirm effectiveness.
Evaluation of the accuracy of implants using 3D printed surgical guides in implant placement
Authors: Nguyen Van Khanh
Published: January 2024

Background: The optimal position of the implant in 3 dimensions in space is the most important factor to ensure the long - term success of dental implants. Today, advanced technology can simulate the virtual implant position before surgery. Through 3D printing technology, it is possible to transfer the virtual implant position to the surgical field using a static surgical guide. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of 3D printed surgical guides when performing implant when performed using 3D printed surgical guides.

Methods: The study reports a series of clinical cases with 32 implants placed in the maxilla and mandible. The surgical guide is designed using Blue Sky Implant software. Postoperative CBCT data is combined with preoperative treatment plan data to evaluate deviations in implant position, angle between two implants, and vertical deviation.

Results: The study showed implant misalignment when using 3D printed surgical guides: misalignment at the implant neck was 1.11 ± 0.67 mm; at the tip is 1.43 ± 1.053 mm; The angle is 3.01 ± 2.53o and the vertical is 0.71 ± 0.57 mm. The study noted that angular deviations, cervical, apical and vertical deviations were not statistically significant according to gender, parts of dental archs and implant position

Conclusion: Using a surgical guide can help the implant to be placed more accurately in all 3 dimensions in the maxilla/ mandible. The 3D printed surgical guide has high precision and can be used to support implant surgery.
Ідеальна турбулентність – різновид розподіленого хаосу: короткий нарис
Authors: Romanenko O. , Akbergenov A.
Published: January 2024

УДК 517.9+519.14
Окреслено ключові положення концепції ідеальної турбулентності, яка пропонує нові сценарії розподіленого хаосу, засновані не на геометро-динамічній складності атрактора, а на надзвичайно складній просторовій структурі елементів атрактора. Ідеальна турбулентність спостерігається в ідеалізованих (що не враховують внутрішній опір) моделях різноманітних процесів, пов’язаних з електромагнітними чи звуковими коливаннями. Така ідеалізація істот\-но спрощує аналіз i разом з тим у багатьох випадках надає цілком адекватний опис реальних процесів.
Chemistry of Complex Organic Molecules in the V883 Ori Disk Revealed by ALMA Band 3 Observations
Authors: Yamato Yoshihide , Notsu Shota , Aikawa Yuri , Okoda Yuki , Nomura Hideko , Sakai Nami
Published: January 2024

Complex organic molecules (COMs) in protoplanetary disks are key to understanding the origin of volatiles in comets in our solar system, yet the chemistry of COMs in protoplanetary disks remains poorly understood. Here, we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3 observations of the disk around the young outbursting star V883 Ori, where the COMs sublimate from ices and are thus observable thanks to the warm condition of the disk. We have robustly identified ten oxygen-bearing COMs including 13C isotopologues in the disk-integrated spectra. The radial distributions of the COM emission, revealed by the detailed analyses of the line profiles, show the inner emission cavity, similar to the previous observations in Band 6 and Band 7. We found that the COMs abundance ratios with respect to methanol are significantly higher than those in the warm protostellar envelopes of IRAS 16293-2422 and similar to the ratios in the solar system comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, suggesting the efficient (re)formation of COMs in protoplanetary disks. We also constrained the 12C/13C and D/H ratios of COMs in protoplanetary disks for the first time. The 12C/13C ratios of acetaldehyde, methyl formate, and dimethyl ether are consistently lower (∼20–30) than the canonical ratio in the interstellar medium (∼69), indicating the efficient 13C-fractionation of CO. The D/H ratios of methyl formate are slightly lower than the values in IRAS 16293-2422, possibly pointing to the destruction and reformation of COMs in disks. We also discuss the implications for nitrogen and sulfur chemistry in protoplanetary disks.
A Statistical Study of Soft X-Ray Flares on Solar-type Stars
Authors: Zhao Z. H. , Hua Z. Q. , Cheng X. , Li Z. Y. , Ding M. D.
Published: January 2024

The statistical characteristics of stellar flares at optical bands have received extensive study, but they remain to be studied at soft X-ray bands, in particular for solar-type stars. Here, we present a statistical study of soft X-ray flares on solar-type stars, which can help in understanding the multiwavelength behaviors of stellar flares. We mainly use Chandra Source Catalog Release 2.0, which includes a number of flaring stars with denoted variability, and Gaia Data Release 3, which includes the necessary information for classifying stars. We also develop a set of methods for identifying and classifying stellar soft X-ray flares and estimating their properties. A detailed statistical investigation of 129 flare samples on 103 nearby solar-type stars as selected yields the following main results. (1) The flare energy emitted at the soft X-ray band in our sample ranges from ∼1033 to ∼1037 erg, and the majority of them are superflares, with the most energetic one having energy of

6.0

−
4.7

+
3.2

×

10

37

erg

. (2) The flare duration is related to its energy as formulated by

T

duration
,
SXR

∝

E

flare
,
SXR

0.201
±
0.024

, which is different from those derived at optical and near-IR bands, indicating distinct radiation mechanisms at different bands. (3) The frequency distribution of stellar flares as a function of energy is formulated as

dN

flare

/

dE

flare
,
SXR

∝

E

flare
,
SXR

−
1.77

, which is similar to the results found at other bands and on other types of stars, indicating that the energy emitted at the soft X-ray band could be a constant fraction of the full-band bolometric energy.
Reproduction Experiments of Radial Pyroxene Chondrules Using a Gas-jet Levitation System under Reduced Conditions
Authors: Watanabe Kana , Nakamura Tomoki , Morita Tomoyo
Published: January 2024

Reproduction experiments of radial pyroxene (RP) chondrules were carried out using an Ar–H2 or Ar gas-jet levitation system in a reducing atmosphere in order to simulate chondrule formation in the protoplanetary disk. The experiments reproduced RP-chondrule textures, consisting of sets of thin pyroxene crystals and mesostasis glass between crystals. However, iron partition coefficients between pyroxene and glassy mesostasis (DFe =Fe mol%pyroxene/Fe mol%mesostasis) in natural RP chondrules were much higher than that in the experimentally reproduced RP chondrules. The high DFe in natural RP chondrules suggests that iron was removed from the mesostasis melt at high temperatures after the growth of pyroxene crystals. We found that many small iron-metal inclusions had formed in the mesostasis glass, indicating that FeO in the high-temperature melt of mesostasis was reduced to metallic iron, and iron in the mesostasis diffused into the newly formed metal inclusions. The formation of the iron-metal inclusions in the mesostasis was reproduced by our experiments in a reducing atmosphere, confirming that DFe in natural RP chondrules increased after the growth of RP crystals. Therefore, the DFe of RP chondrules can be an indicator to constrain cooling rates and redox states during chondrule formation.
A Census of Star Formation Histories of Massive Galaxies at 0.6 < z < 1 from Spectrophotometric Modeling Using Bagpipes and Prospector
Authors: Kaushal Yasha , Nersesian Angelos , Bezanson Rachel , van der Wel Arjen , Leja Joel , Carnall Adam , Gallazzi Anna , Zibetti Stefano , Khullar Gourav , Franx Marijn , Muzzin Adam , de Graaff Anna , Pacifici Camilla , Whitaker Katherine E. , Bell Eric F. , Martorano Marco
Published: January 2024

We present individual star formation histories (SFHs) of ∼3000 massive galaxies (log(M
*/M
⊙) > 10.5) from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census spectroscopic survey at a lookback time of ∼7 billion yr and quantify the population trends leveraging 20 hr deep-integrated spectra of these ∼1800 star-forming and ∼1200 quiescent galaxies at 0.6 < z < 1.0. Essentially all galaxies at this epoch contain stars of age <3 Gyr, in contrast with older massive galaxies today, facilitating better recovery of previous generations of star formation at cosmic noon and earlier. We conduct spectrophotometric analysis using parametric and nonparametric Bayesian stellar population synthesis modeling tools—Bagpipes and Prospector—to constrain the median SFHs of this mass complete sample and characterize population trends. A consistent picture arises for the late-time stellar mass growth when quantified as t
50 and t
90, corresponding to the age of the Universe when galaxies formed 50% and 90% of their total stellar mass, although the two methods disagree at the earliest formation times (e.g., t
10). Our results reveal trends in both stellar mass and stellar velocity dispersion as in the local Universe—low-mass galaxies with shallower potential wells grow their stellar masses later in cosmic history compared to high-mass galaxies. Unlike local quiescent galaxies, the median duration of late-time star formation (τ
SF,late = t
90–t
50) does not consistently depend on the stellar mass. This census sets a benchmark for future deep spectrophotometric studies of the more distant Universe.
Protostellar Chimney Flues: Are Jets and Outflows Lifting Submillimeter Dust Grains from Disks into Envelopes?
Authors: Cacciapuoti L. , Testi L. , Podio L. , Codella C. , Maury A. J. , De Simone M. , Hennebelle P. , Lebreuilly U. , Klessen R. S. , Molinari S.
Published: January 2024

Low dust opacity spectral indices (β < 1) measured in the inner envelopes of class 0/I young stellar objects (age ∼104–5 yr) have been interpreted as the presence of (sub-)millimeter dust grains in these environments. The density conditions and the lifetimes of collapsing envelopes have proven unfavorable for the growth of solids up to millimeter sizes. As an alternative, magnetohydrodynamical simulations suggest that protostellar jets and outflows might lift grains from circumstellar disks and diffuse them in the envelope. We reframe available data for the CALYPSO sample of Class 0/I sources and show tentative evidence for an anticorrelation between the value of β
1–3 mm measured in the inner envelope and the mass-loss rate of their jets and outflows, supporting a connection between the two. We discuss the implications that dust transport from the disk to the inner envelope might have for several aspects of planet formation. Finally, we urge for more accurate measurements of both correlated quantities and the extension of this work to larger samples, necessary to further test the transport scenario.
The CO Outflow Components Ejected by a Recent Accretion Event in B335
Authors: Kim Chul-Hwan , Lee Jeong-Eun , Peña Carlos Contreras , Johnstone Doug , Herczeg Gregory J. , Tobin John J. , Evans II Neal J.
Published: January 2024

Protostellar outflows often present a knotty appearance, providing evidence of sporadic accretion in stellar mass growth. To understand the direct relation between mass accretion and ejection, we analyze the contemporaneous accretion activity and associated ejection components in B335. B335 has brightened in the mid-IR by 2.5 mag since 2010, indicating increased luminosity, presumably due to an increased mass accretion rate onto the protostar. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of 12CO emission in the outflow reveal high-velocity emission, estimated to have been ejected 4.6–2 yr before the ALMA observations and consistent with the jump in mid-IR brightness. The consistency in timing suggests that the detected high-velocity ejection components are directly linked to the most recent accretion activity. We calculated the kinetic energy, momentum, and force for the ejection component associated with the most recent accretion activity and found that, at least, about 1.0% of the accreted mass has been ejected. More accurate information on the jet inclination and the temperature of the ejected gas components will better constrain the ejected mass induced by the recently enhanced accretion event.
The Distribution of Semidetached Binaries. I. An Efficient Pipeline
Authors: Xiong Jianping , Ding Xu , Li Jiadong , Ge Hongwei , Cheng Qiyuan , Ji Kaifan , Han Zhanwen , Chen Xuefei
Published: January 2024

Semidetached binaries are in the stage of mass transfer and play a crucial role in studying the physics of mass transfer between interacting binaries. Large-scale time-domain surveys provide many light curves of binary systems, while Gaia offers high-precision astrometric data. In this paper, we develop, validate, and apply a pipeline that combines the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method with a forward model and DBSCAN clustering to search for semidetached binaries and estimate the inclination, relative radius, mass ratio, and temperature ratio of each using light curves. We train our model on the mock light curves from Physics of Eclipsing Binaries (PHOEBE), which provides broad coverage of light-curve simulations for semidetached binaries. Applying our pipeline to Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite sectors 1–26, we have identified 77 semidetached binary candidates. Utilizing the distance from Gaia, we determine their masses and radii with median fractional uncertainties of ∼26% and ∼7%, respectively. With the added 77 candidates, the catalog of semidetached binaries with orbital parameters has been expanded by approximately 20%. The comparison and statistical results show that our semidetached binary candidates align well with the compiled samples and the PARSEC model in T
eff–L and M–R relations. Combined with the literature samples, comparative analysis with stability criteria for conserved mass transfer indicates that ∼97.4% of samples are undergoing nuclear-timescale mass transfer, and two samples (GO Cyg and TIC 454222105) are located within the limits of stability criteria for dynamical- and thermal-timescale mass transfer, and are currently undergoing thermal-timescale mass transfer. Additionally, one system (IR Lyn) is very close to the upper limit of delayed dynamical-timescale mass transfer.
Tidal Disruption Events through the Lens of the Cooling Envelope Model
Authors: Sarin Nikhil , Metzger Brian D.
Published: January 2024

The cooling envelope model for tidal disruption events (TDEs) postulates that while the stellar debris streams rapidly dissipate their bulk kinetic energy (“circularize”), this does not necessarily imply rapid feeding of the supermassive black hole (SMBH). The bound material instead forms a large pressure-supported envelope that powers optical/UV emission as it undergoes gradual Kelvin–Helmholtz contraction. We present results interpreting a sample of 15 optical TDEs within the cooling envelope model in order to constrain the SMBH mass M
BH, stellar mass M
⋆, and orbital penetration factor β. The distributions of inferred properties from our sample broadly follow the theoretical expectations of loss-cone analysis assuming a standard stellar initial mass function. However, we find a deficit of events with M
BH ≲ 5 × 105 and M
⋆ ≲ 0.5 M
⊙, which could result in part from the reduced detectability of TDEs with these properties. Our model fits also illustrate the predicted long delay between the optical light-curve peak and when the SMBH accretion rate reaches its maximum. The latter occurs only once the envelope contracts to the circularization radius on a timescale of months to years, consistent with delayed-rising X-ray and nonthermal radio flares seen in a growing number of TDEs.
Explosive Nucleosynthesis in Core-collapse Type II Supernovae: Insights from New C, N, Si, and Al–Mg Isotopic Compositions of Presolar Grains
Authors: Liu Nan , Alexander Conel M. O’D. , Meyer Bradley S. , Nittler Larry R. , Wang Jianhua , Stroud Rhonda M.
Published: January 2024

We report C, N, Si, and Al–Mg isotope data for 39 presolar X silicon carbide (SiC) and four silicon nitride grains—a group of presolar grains that condensed in the remnants of core-collapse Type II supernovae (CCSNe)—isolated from the Murchison meteorite. Energy dispersive X-ray data were used to determine the Mg and Al contents of the X SiC grains for comparison with the Mg/Al ratios determined by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). Previous SIMS studies have used O-rich standards in the absence of alternatives. In this study, the correlated isotopic and elemental data of the X SiC grains enabled accurate determination of the initial 26Al/27Al ratios for the grains. Our new grain data suggest that (i) the literature data for X grains are affected to varying degrees by asteroidal/terrestrial contamination, and (ii) the Al/Mg ratios in SiC are a factor of 2 (with ±6% 1σ uncertainties) lower than estimated based on the SIMS analyses that used O-rich standards. The lowered Al/Mg ratios result in proportionally higher inferred initial 26Al/27Al ratios for presolar SiC grains. In addition, the suppression of asteroidal/terrestrial contamination in this study leads to the observation of negative trends for 12C/13C–30Si/28Si and 26Al/27Al–30Si/28Si among our CCSN grains. We discuss these isotope trends in the light of explosive CCSN nucleosynthesis models, based on which we provide new insights into several nontraditional CCSN nucleosynthesis processes, including explosive H burning, the existence of a C/Si zone in the outer regions of CCSNe, and neutrino–nucleus reactions in deep CCSN regions.
S’engager dans des méthodes mixtes de recherche : croyances ontologiques et vertus épistémiques sous-tendant une pratique scientifique singulière
Authors: Quidu Matthieu
Published: January 2024

Depuis une quinzaine d’années, l’espace français des Sciences du sport est marqué par le développement d’une pratique singulière de recherche consistant à recueillir, croiser et confronter, au sein d’une même étude, des matériaux empiriques de nature hétérogène, respectivement dits en « première personne » (documentant l’expérience vécue de l’acteur) et en « troisième personne » (renseignant les dimensions objectivables de son activité). Afin de mieux comprendre la massification (relative) de cette manière singulière de faire de la recherche, qui structure de nombreux événements académiques en 2023, le parti pris épistémologique a consisté à mettre la focale sur le point de vue des acteurs et actrices l’ayant développée. Ont ainsi été interrogé.es, au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs, dix-sept chercheurs et chercheuses en STAPS s’y engageant. Nous avons pu mettre au jour deux types de facteurs unifiant ces démarches articulatoires, par-delà la disparité de leurs opérationnalisations empiriques. D’une part, les croyances ontologiques qui les sous-tendent sont organisées autour de deux méta-orientations : le perspectivisme et la stratification du réel. D’autre part, elles sont structurées par un système de valeurs – voire de vertus – épistémiques dont l’ouverture, la curiosité, le pluralisme et l’autocritique. Ces deux niveaux, ontologiques et éthiques, convergeant vers une prise en compte de la complexité, de la globalité et de l’indissociabilité des phénomènes, définissent finalement une attitude commune vis-à-vis du réel et du savoir faisant des démarches articulatoires davantage une posture qu’une méthode de recherche.
Pratiques évaluatives en EPS dans trois contextes avec un programme commun et des modes de communication de l’évaluation sommative différents : les apports d’une approche mixte
Authors: Lentillon-Kaestner Vanessa , Voisard Nicolas
Published: January 2024

Basée sur une approche mixte, cette étude s’intéresse aux pratiques évaluatives en EPS dans trois cantons de Suisse romande où le programme scolaire est identique, mais où les modes de communication de l’évaluation sommative diffèrent : une note certificative dans le canton de Genève, une note non certificative dans le canton du Jura, un livret d’évaluation dans le canton de Vaud (pas de note). Au total, 214 enseignants ont été interrogés par questionnaires et 10 enseignants ont participé à deux entretiens réalisés avant et après des observations en classe. Des analyses statistiques et de contenu thématique ont été réalisées. Dans cette étude, les données qualitatives (importance accordée aux évaluations, visées prioritaires) ont permis de mieux comprendre les données chiffrées issues des questionnaires (fréquences des évaluations). Les résultats de l’étude montrent que les évaluations, qu’elles soient diagnostiques, formatives, et sommatives, sont plus fréquemment mises en place et plus formalisées dans le canton de Genève avec une note certificative. Les visées prioritaires diffèrent dans les trois cantons étudiés avec une priorisation des compétences motrices dans le contexte genevois. Des pistes explicatives et des propositions afin d’améliorer l’étude des pratiques évaluatives et la qualité de l’enseignement de l’EPS sont proposées.
Genetic characterization of Indonesian sorghum landraces (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) for yield traits
Authors: Lestari Reni , Magandhi Mahat , Rachmadiyanto Arief Noor , Tyas Kartika Ning , Primananda Enggal , Husaini Iin Pertiwi Amin , Damayanti Frisca , Zulkarnaen Rizmoon Nurul , Helmanto Hendra , Rivai Reza Ramdan , Kurniawan Hakim , Kobayashi Masaru
Published: January 2024

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the fifth most produced cereal crop in the world. The use of sorghum is very diverse and most parts of the plant, including stem, leaves, grain, panicles, stem juice, and bagasse, can be utilized as human food, animal feed, and material for industry and bioenergy production. The collection of local sorghum genetic resources should be explored to identify potential gene sources for the development of superior varieties. This study was conducted to evaluate the production potential of 40 Indonesian sorghum accessions and to further identify potentially useful accessions. Five accessions belonging to cluster 3 had high biomass productivity, including Coley, Keler, Lao, Lokal Kaltim, and Super 1. In particular, Lokal Kaltim and Lao combined high biomass yield with grain yield. Accessions with high biomass has potential for use as feedstock for biomass energy production and forage.
Approximation by the modified $ \lambda $-Bernstein-polynomial in terms of basis function
Authors: Ayman-Mursaleen Mohammad , Nasiruzzaman Md. , Rao Nadeem , Dilshad Mohammad , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy
Published: January 2024

In this article by means of shifted knots properties, we introduce a new type of coupled Bernstein operators for Bézier basis functions. First, we construct the operators based on shifted knots properties of Bézier basis functions then investigate the Korovkin's theorem, establish a local approximation theorem, and provide a convergence theorem for Lipschitz continuous functions and Peetre's $ K $-functional. In addition, we also obtain an asymptotic formula of the type Voronovskaja.
The practical rules for aircraft parameters identification based on flight test data
Authors: Korsun O.N. , Moung Htang Om
Published: January 2024

The mathematical analysis of the problem of irregularity of estimates inherent in the problem of parametric identification of aircraft mathematical models according to flight experiments data is carried out. It is shown that to ensure the reliability of identification results, usually it is not enough to use only observations of the input and output signals of the object, but it is necessary to attract additional information taken from the basic scientific and engineering disciplines related to the subject under study, and apply other special techniques. For the task of estimating the parameters of aircraft models using flight experiment data, the basic rules for performing identification are formulated.
La mesure du monde. Le Grand Verre de terre / Vidre de Meravelles (2016) de Miquel Barceló
Authors: Castanon-Akrami Brice
Published: January 2024

L’œuvre monumentale et éphémère Le Grand Verre de terre / Vidre de Meravelles (2016) a été réalisée par Miquel Barceló en février 2016 sur les vitres de la Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF). Il en reste aujourd’hui des milliers de photos publiées sur internet ou conservées dans des archives privées, des documentaires ainsi qu’un livre d’art paru en 2020 chez La Fábrica où les photographes Jean-Marie del Moral, François Halard et André Morin ont saisi des détails ou reconstitué chacun des panneaux qui composent ce vitrail imposant et fragile. Dans ce livre, Miquel Barceló a nommé ou éludé certains éléments qui y sont représentés. C’est à partir de ces documents et de l’observation in situ de l’œuvre, désormais disparue, que nous avons étudié l’intericonicité, l’autoréférentialité et la manière savante et ironique de l’artiste avec laquelle il affirme une conception originale de l’histoire de l’art et, plus largement, une conception du monde sous l’influence des révolutions induites par les découvertes des anthropologues et préhistoriens. Quelle relation au monde Le Grand Verre de terre / Vidre de Meravelles donne-t-il à voir ?
Brossa, Casasses, Perejaume et l’esprit catalan : confluences et ramifications artistiques
Authors: Güell Mònica
Published: January 2024

Les soubresauts historiques de la Catalogne au XXe ont marqué intellectuels et artistes catalans qui se sont engagés, avec la plume ou le pinceau, pour défendre une identité muselée et piétinée par quarante ans de franquisme. Dans le dernier tiers du XXe siècle, au cœur des années révoltées, l’œuvre poétique de Joan Brossa (1919-1998) est de bout en bout une défense et illustration de la langue et de l’identité catalanes. Deux autres poètes et artistes engagés, catalans jusqu’à la moelle, d’une génération postérieure à celle de Brossa, sont ici étudiés : Enric Casasses (né en 1951) et Perejaume (né en 1957). Par-delà les différences, on se propose de mettre en lumière des confluences artistiques et idéologiques entre eux, à travers l’analyse de textes qui rendent hommage à la langue, aux arts, au territoire et à la terre catalane, au génie créateur de Gaudí, Jujol ou Miró.
Des traductions de Ruskin à celle du « livre intérieur »
Authors: Pradeau Christophe , Vernet Matthieu
Published: January 2024

Proust consacre six ans de sa vie, de 1899 à 1905, à traduire et annoter John Ruskin. Comment un chantier collectif, impliquant sa mère et des amis comme Marie Nordlinger, l’aura-t-il conduit, une fois refermé « l’ère des traductions », à se consacrer à la traduction de soi-même, autrement dit au déchiffrement du « livre intérieur » ? Comparer la conception et la pratique proustiennes de la traduction à celle du pastiche, deux activités « synthétiques » mais qui ont une contrepartie « analytique », permet d’apporter des éléments de réponse à cette question.
An Approach for Detecting Local Outliers in Grid Queries
Authors: Li Shuang , Yao Xiaoguo
Published: January 2024

The density local outlier factor algorithm (LOF) needs to calculate the distance matrix for k-nearest neighbor search. The algorithm has high time complexity and is not suitable for the detection of large-scale data sets. A local outlier detection algorithm is proposed based on grid query (LOGD). In the algorithm, the k other data points closest to the data point in the target grid must be in the target grid or in the nearest neighboring grid of the target grid, it is used to improve the neighborhood query operation of the LOF algorithm, the calculation amount of the LOF algorithm is reduced in the neighborhood query. Experimental results show that the proposed LODG algorithm can effectively reduce the time of outlier detection under the condition, the detection accuracy of the original LOF algorithm is basically the same.
Exploration of College Students' Learning Adaptability Under the Background of Wisdom Education
Authors: Zhang Henan , Liu Xiangzhe
Published: January 2024

This article takes college students' learning adaptability as the research object, adopts B/S structure to develop a learning adaptive platform, designs a learner data model, a learning style model, a learning resource presentation module, and an ability level test module; tests the platform through simulated data; and analyzes college students' learning style, knowledge level and learner collaboration level. The results show that college students' learning adaptation has the characteristics of flexibility, individuality, initiative, and reflection. A self-adaptive learning platform can understand its learning state and effect through learning evaluation, adjust its learning strategies and methods in time, and help college students better understand and master knowledge. The research results provide theoretical data support for the exploration of college students' learning adaptability under the background of wisdom education.
An Improved Multi-Objective Brain Storm Optimization Algorithm for Hybrid Microgrid Dispatch
Authors: Zhang Kai , Tang Zi
Published: January 2024

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources into microgrids has led to challenges in achieving daily optimal scheduling for hybrid alternating current/direct current microgrids (HMGs). To solve the problem, this article presents a novel hybrid AC/DC microgrid scheduling method based on an improved brain storm optimization (BSO) algorithm. Firstly, with economic and energy storage device health as the primary objective functions, this paper proposes a dispatch model for AC-DC hybrid microgrids. To overcome the limitations of traditional algorithms, including premature convergence and can only find non-inferior solution sets, this article proposes a multi-objective BSO algorithm that integrates learning and selection strategies. Additionally, a fuzzy decision-making method is employed to achieve optimal daily dispatching and select the most suitable compromise solution. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective optimal scheduling method and to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the method in real application scenarios.
Incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in COPD patients during acute exacerbation in Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Sayed Hossam H , Abdelatif Gamal A , Salem Hala M , Arakib Ahmed K , Yousef Yehia R
Published: January 2024

Background

Cardiovascular comorbidities are frequent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with a worse prognosis, and the presence of COPD has a negative impact on cardiovascular disease and heart failure The available estimates of the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction vary widely, probably due to different diagnostic approaches and small sample sizes.

Aim

Perspective analytical comparison of ECHO findings (done or will be done) within a 3-month interval of acute exacerbations.

Outcomes

Previous or prospective comparison of EF with current findings at the examination station or grade of diastolic dysfunction, Left atrial dimension, E/A, E/e′ ratios, and slope findings among the 3-month follow-up period perceptively (incidence) in the following two groups, namely Group A: the patient group with prior EHCO findings showing no heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) before enrollment but develop HFpEF during acute exacerbations. Group B: the patient group with ECHO findings of HFpEF following acute exacerbations within 3 months or thereafter.

Patients and methods

Patients with confirmed COPD by spirometry were evaluated by echocardiography initially as baseline and 3 months after for the assessment of diastolic dysfunction grades. Those patients are divided into two groups as inpatients and outpatients.

Results

An observational cross-sectional study including 36 COPD diagnosed patients: 33 males and 3 females with a mean age of (58.5 ± 7.7 years). The patients were divided into 17 inpatients and 19 outpatients. These patients were divided according to COPD severity into groups A, B, and C (outpatient group) and D (inpatient group) as 7, 9, 3, and 17 patients, respectively. Comparisons between baseline echocardiographic findings and after 3 months’ follow-up were processed. There were significant increases of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and diastolic dysfunction in COPD group D compared with the other group at baseline and in the same group after a 3-month follow-up and significant correlation with COPD grade D cases and high-grade diastolic dysfunction. There were significant decrease of TR and decrease of diastolic dysfunction grades after a 3-month follow-up of acute exacerbations compared with baseline. It was found that spirometry parameters were nonstatistically different at baseline concerning the existing diverse diastolic dysfunction. However, only a significant negativecorrelation was found between baseline left atrial dimension and forced expiratory volume in first second/percentage of forced vital capacity.

Conclusion

COPD severity influences the HFpEF with tendency to increase diastolic dysfunction and TR, which could be improved with COPD management. Assessment of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is pivotal.