bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity
Authors: Wu Xinyue
Published: July 2024

Diabetes mellitus is known to be a serious chronic disease that requires great attention because it is the cancer that never dies and affects many people worldwide; its later complications are often numerous and frightening, and some of them may even affect their children as hereditary diseases. The relationship between lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in relation to diabetes is therefore even more important in this context. Insulin plays an important role as a key metabolic hormone in regulating glucose intake and maintaining lipid metabolic homeostasis. Insulin resistance interferes with the homeostasis of lipid metabolism while triggering related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on the relationship as well as interactions between lipid metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity and the specific factors affecting lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in terms of excess lipid accumulation, lipid deficiency, altered lipid composition, and specific lipid species. Finally, interventions based on the factors affecting lipid metabolism and insulin are proposed to improve metabolic health and reduce the risk of metabolic diseases such as diabetes.
Advances in medications and treatments for reducing memory loss in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Liu Zhifei , Li Zhaoyi
Published: July 2024

Alzheimer's disease (ad) is a disease in which brain cells deteriorate, leading to dementia and cognitive decline. It is mainly caused by cholinergic functional problems and the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain. Age, genetics, head damage, vascular disease, infection and environmental factors can also cause the disease. Currently, only two drugs have been approved for the treatment of Alzheimers disease, but they only target symptoms and cannot cure or prevent the disease. Ongoing research aims to better understand Alzheimers disease and develop treatments that can slow or change its progress in response to mechanisms such as beta-amyloid plaques, inflammation and cholinergic dysfunction with abnormal tau metabolism. The focus of this review is on current drug therapy and the causes of Alzheimers disease, including those that change the disease, as a partner, or use natural compounds.
Cardiovascular disease prediction and a visualization platform building through machine learning
Authors: Li Qian , Liu Ruiyang , Guo Qianxue
Published: July 2024

In the increasing trend of population aging, medical security has become an important issue in social life that cannot be ignored. The elderly population generally faces the threat of a variety of cardiovascular diseases, which not only bring potential hazards to their physical health, but also pose more serious challenges to the medical system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to monitor the health indicators of the elderly and provide timely medical care. This article shows the corresponding machine learning model, which can provide relatively accurate predictions based on a given data set. By comparing and studying three Bayesian-optimized algorithms and baseline models (including Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Logical Regression, Random Forest, XGB, LGBM), a relatively better algorithm was selected. In this paper, it is believed that the model performance given by LGBM after Bayesian optimization is relatively good. It has a sound framework, high accuracy in predicting cardiovascular disease, and good performance when processing large-scale data, making it feasible for application in the field of medical security. At the same time, this research builds a visualization platform to afford assistance in the early detection of heart disease, is more friendly to non-professionals, and has made contributions in the fields of medical security and public health.
Word frequency statistics based on MapReduce on serverless platforms
Authors: He Yuheng , Qian Jin , Zhang Juanjie , Zhang Renzhe
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates the application of serverless computing in conjunction with the MapReduce framework, particularly in machine learning (ML) tasks. The MapReduce programming model has been widely used to process large-scale datasets by simplifying parallel and distributed data processing. This study explores how the combination of these two technologies can provide more efficient and cost-effective ML solutions. Through a detailed analysis of serverless environments and the MapReduce framework, this paper shows how the combination can advance the fields of cloud computing and machine learning. The experimental part includes the implementation of Map-Reduce model on a serverless platform, exploring the impact of different parameter settings on performance and improving efficiency by optimizing the data processing flow. In addition, the paper analyzes the use of memory and CPU resources and derives the relationship between dataset size, memory consumption and processor configuration and execution time. Through these experiments and analyses, this paper provides an empirical basis and theoretical support for the optimization of cloud computing frameworks.
A Study on Audit Failures by Certified Public Accounting Firms
Authors: Ge Junwen
Published: July 2024

Audit failure occurs when certified public accountants (CPAs) fail to disclose significant misstatement risks in the audit report. Such failures frequently lead to various degrees of social harm. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the causes of audit failures to address these issues fundamentally and prevent their occurrence from different angles. This paper examines audit failures from four perspectives: chaotic audit pricing, inadequate audit preparation, substandard CPA audit competence, and insufficient supervision of auditors. It proposes specific methods to reduce audit failures, including optimizing pricing, enhancing pre-audit preparations, refining audit procedures, and improving audit supervision.
Lotus leaf and shark skin-inspired micro-, nano-, hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces for anti-fouling applications
Authors: Tang Zhixing , Zhu Jiahui , Ni YuYang
Published: July 2024

Fouling, the accumulation and adhesion of unwanted contaminants, is a serious issue around the world in many aspects including industrial transport, marine ecological environment, maintenance of infrastructures, etc. which costs hundreds of millions of dollars and lots of manpower and material resources. Multiscale hierarchical surface structures of superhydrophobic surfaces possess various intriguing properties which provides new platforms for fabricating artificial anti-fouling surfaces. In particular, lotus leaf and shark skin with their unique micro-, nano-, hierarchical surfaces structures are highlighted as emerging tools for anti-bacterial, anti-dust, anti-corrosion, anti-icing, drag reduction applications and so on. In this review, we first provide basic information on two famous superhydrophobic states. After that we outlined the biological models and applications of lotus leaf and shark skin respectively. The self-cleaning effect of superhydrophobic lotus leaf due to their multiscale hierarchical surface structures is discussed after which anti-bacterial applications with three kinds of mechanisms and self-cleaning properties are outlined. Biological models of superhydrophobic shark skin are presented followed by their real-life applications in aircrafts and turbine blades. In addition, we discuss the potential drawbacks of recent biomimetic anti-fouling superhydrophobic surfaces like the loss of anti-fouling hydrophobic materials, adaptability to extreme environments, production and use costs and other problems as well as the possibilities of combine superhydrophobic structures and materials with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and other characteristics in order to be applied in more industries fields.
Development and application prospect of photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Zhang Peide
Published: July 2024

Because the technical process is reaching its limits, the development of integrated circuits has entered the slow zone, which makes people gradually pay more attention to the new generation of integrated technologyphotonic integrated circuits (PIC). To give readers a general idea of PIC, this paper will first introduce the basic knowledge of photonic integrated circuits and compare photonic integrated circuits with traditional integrated circuits (IC) from different points of view, including their development history, properties, components, and potential. After that, some current technical innovations in optical communication, optical computing, and photonic quantum applications and development trends of photonic integrated circuits will be reviewed. Finally, three novel and promising technologies will be introduced to discuss how to solve the major challenge of improving integration. This work is not only a comprehensive and concise summary of the development of photonic integrated circuits so far but also an active exploration of solutions to the major challenges facing people in this field.
Reviewing dental materials: Progresses for oral health and restoration
Authors: Yang Zhiyu , Zhang Chengnuo
Published: July 2024

The field of density has made great progress in the modern era, especially in the aspects of developing a variety of novel materials that are used to repair teeth. Compared to traditional c, novel dental restorative materials are devoted to combining practicality and aesthetics, which are under the full consideration of the demands of patients. The emphasis of this review lies in the comparison of different novel dental restorative materials by providing their principles, benefits, disadvantages, and applications. The main advanced materials in this area that are chosen to be researched in this review are Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Nanocomposites, Zirconia-based Composites, Activa Bioactive Restorative, Hydroxyapatite Restoration Materials, Bioprinting Materials, as well as Biomimetic and Tooth Surface Regeneration Materials. Researchers need to innovate in dental restorative materials with continuous pursuit. As these novel materials rapidly develop and are taken actions into application, they have a positive influence on dentistry. Our work involving studies of novel dental restorative materials provides patients with more practical and aesthetic therapy suggestions.
A study on surface temperature of different materials
Authors: Kou Zuhao , Liu Jihong
Published: July 2024

Excessive buildings took over green vegetation, which aggravated the greenhouse effect. If we use vegetation as roofs and exterior walls of buildings, the areas of plants will not reduce, and even the temperature around the building will decrease. Therefore, we planned to detect the surface temperature of different materials to provide evidence for ideal materials. We detected surface temperature of different materials with an infrared temperature gun (DELIXI, DM-5002). Detected materials included turf, suffruticosa plant, and soil under them, tile or concrete, wood, water with different depths of 1cm, 5cm, 10cm. We detected different materials under different weather conditions. The surface temperature of turf was significantly decreased compared with tile or concrete, wood (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between wood and tile/concrete temperature. Compared with tile/concrete or wood, the surface temperatures of water, turf, suffruticosa plant, and soil under plant significantly decreased (p<0.05). There was no significant difference of temperature between water with different depths. There was no significant difference in temperature between turf, suffruticosa plant, and the soil under them, too. The surface temperatures of turf, suffruticosa plant, and water were significantly lower than those of tile/concrete and wood we used as raw materials of buildings. Plants can be recommended as new materials covering roofs and exterior walls to decrease temperature around buildings in summer.
Patient Comorbidities, Their Influence on Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery, and Recommendations to Reduce Unfavorable Outcomes
Authors: Butrico Casey , Meisel Hans Jörg , Sage Katherine
Published: July 2024

Improvements in healthcare management have led to a decrease in perioperative and postoperative complications. However, perioperative medical complications and mortality rates continue to increase in patients undergoing elective spinal surgeries. This trend is driven by the increase in the older population and the rise in the number of patients with more than two comorbidities. Managing patients with multiple comorbidities requires additional resources, augmenting the financial and societal burden. Despite the high risk of complications and mortality, patients with multiple comorbidities undergo spinal surgery for degenerative spinal conditions daily. These findings highlight the need for heightened awareness, patient education, and management of comorbidities before elective spinal surgeries. This article comprehensively reviews literature on the effects of medical comorbidities on spinal fusion surgery outcomes to increase awareness of the surgical complications associated with comorbidities. In addition, suggested preoperative and postoperative comorbidity management strategies are outlined.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP BOOK-TAX DIFFERENCES PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI DASAR DAN KIMIA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2018 – 2020
Authors: Sinaga Putri Yosepha , Sembiring Yan Christin
Published: July 2024

From the test results using SPSS, it is known that the coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.716 means that profitability, leverage and liquidity together affect the difference in book tax, namely 71.6%. Based on the analysis of multiple linear regression equations, it can be said that (1) Profitability has a positive and significant effect on the difference in book taxes in the Basic and Chemical Industry Sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2020 period. (2) Leverage has a positive and insignificant effect on the difference book tax on Basic and Chemical Industry Sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018 - 2020 period. (3) Liquidity has a positive and insignificant effect on the difference in book tax on the Basic and Chemical Industry Sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018 - 2020 period.
 
Keywords: Book Tax Difference, Profitability, Leverage, Liquidity
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DAN DANA ALOKASI UMUM TERHADAP PENGALOKASIAN ANGGARAN BELANJA MODAL PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN NIAS BARAT PERIODE 2016-2021
Authors: Gulo Vivin Tri Indawati , Purba Imelda Rimenda
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of Regional Original Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU), on the Capital Expenditure of West Nias Regency. So that the sample is 18 where (PAD 6, DAU 6, Capital Expenditure 6) from 2016-2021. The research method used is descriptive quantitative using secondary data sourced from the regional government budget report of West Nias Regency in 2016-2021. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression statistical analysis. The analysis process carried out first is descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study partially show that Regional Original Income has no effect on Capital Expenditures and the results of the study simultaneously show that the General Allocation Fund has no significant effect on Capital Expenditures.
 
Keywords: Regional Original Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU), Capital Expenditure
PENERAPAN TARGET COSTING DALAM UPAYA PENGURANGAN BIAYA PRODUKSI UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN LABA KOTOR (Studi Pada UD. Tahu Suhandi Kotacane)
Authors: Hutagalung Daniel , Silalahi Evelin Roma Riauli , Sihotang Helena
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the application of target costing in an effort to reduce production costs to optimize gross profit at UD Tahu Suhandi Kotacane. The population in this study is the entire income statement of UD Tahu Suhandi Kotacane from 1976 to 2021. The sample is part of the population, where the sample used is the report on production costs and the income statement in producing tofu during 2019 to 2021. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out with documentation and observation techniques. The analytical technique used in this research is descriptive data analysis technique which aims to describe the object of the research by collecting production cost reports and income statements.
            Based on the results of research conducted, it can be seen that the difference between the calculation of the traditional method of production costs and the target costing method is Rp. 31,300,000 (labor costs Rp. 25,040,000 + factory overhead costs Rp. 6.260,000). By using the target costing method, UD Tahu Suhandi got a gross profit in 2019 of Rp.225,628,300, where the gross profit is expected to increase by 10% from 2018 of Rp.213,463,730. In 2020 the gross profit obtained was Rp.229,828,900, where the gross profit is expected to increase by 10% from 2019 which was Rp.217,961,730. Meanwhile, in 2021 the gross profit obtained is Rp. 237,967,100, where the gross profit is expected to increase by 10% from 2020 of Rp. 226,519,990. Thus, the application of target costing is very useful to be applied to UD Tahu Suhandi, not only reducing production costs but realizing the desired profit which was previously only 10% or even more than expected.
 
Keywords: Target costing, Production Costs, Gross Profit
PENGARUH DURASI DAN CONVEXITY TERHADAP HARGA OBLIGASI PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2018 - 2021
Authors: Debataraja Mega Silvia , Silalahi Donalson
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine and explain the effect of duration and convexity on bond prices. To achieve this purpose, research was conducted on banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018 - 2021. The data used in this study is secondary data. By using purposive sampling as a sampling method, the number of samples observed was 15 companies and the analytical tool used was multiple linear regression. The results show that duration has a positive and significant effect on bond prices, convexity has a positive and significant effect on bond prices. Simultaneously, variations in duration and convexity can explain variations in bond prices by 39.9 percent
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA III (Persero) UNIT PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT RAMBUTAN TEBING TINGGI
Authors: Sihombing Riska , Tinambunan Anitha Paulina
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara beban kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap kinerja pegawai PT Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) Unit PKS Rambutan Tebing Tinggi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah karyawan bagian produksi sebanyak 32 responden. Secara simultan beban kerja dan motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Rambutan Tebing Tinggi, dan secara parsial beban kerja dan motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Rambutan Tebing Tinggi Variabel beban kerja merupakan variabel yang paling mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Rambutan Tebing Tinggi. Koefisien determinasi (R Square) sebesar 0,703 artinya variasi kinerja karyawan dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi beban kerja dan motivasi sebesar 70,3% sedangkan 29,7% dijelaskan oleh factor lain. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Rambutan Tebing Tinggi harus mengurangi beban kerja dan memperbaiki kondisi kerja
PENGARUH PRODUK, HARGA, PROMOSI DAN LOKASI TERHADAP VOLUME PENJUALAN KUE TART DI CLOVER BAKESHOPPE GATOT SUBROTO MEDAN
Authors: Simangunsong Roslin Mayanti , Sinaga Ria Veronica
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: Pengaruh produk, harga, dan  lokasi terhadap volume penjualan kue tart di Clover Bakeshoppe Gatot Subroto Medan. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen di Clover Bakeshoppe Gatot Subroto Medan. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik sampling insidental (secara kebetulan) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 96 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: secara parsial terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan produk, harga, promosi dan lokasi terhadap volume penjualan kue tart dan  terdapat pengaruh produk, harga, promosi dan lokasi secara bersama-sama terhadap volume penjualan kue tart.  R Square sebesar 0,522 atau 52,2% berarti variasi volume penjualan kue tart di Clover Bakeshoppe Gatot Subroto Medan dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi produk, harga, promosi dan lokasi sebesar 52,2% dan sisanya 47,8% dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor lain yang tidak ada dalam penelitian ini seperti proses, orang, bentuk fisik
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL DAN KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ-45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2018-2021
Authors: Sianturi Sitra , Silalahi Donalson
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine and explain the effect of institutional ownership and managerial ownership on financial performance in LQ-45 companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2018-2021 period, both simultaneously and partially. To achieve this goal, research was carried out on the Indonesia Stock Exchange using the purposive sampling method for 18 companies for the 2018-2021 period with 72 observations. The analysis technique used is a multiple linear regression model with descriptive statistical tests, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that institutional ownership has a significant and significant effect on financial performance, while managerial ownership has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Simultaneously institutional ownership and managerial ownership have a positive and significant effect on financial performance with a value (R2) of 20%
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI EFEKTIVITAS KERJA PERAWAT PADA RUMAH SAKIT MITRA SEJATI MEDAN
Authors: Sitompul Pandapotan , Tinambunan Anitha Paulina , Silalahi Donalson , Hutapea Putri Wildasari br.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to identify and explain the factors influencing work performance at Mitra Sejati Hospital in Medan. Data were obtained directly from respondents (nurses) at Mitra Sejati Hospital, Medan. The total number of people in this study is 82 employees and the sample size was taken using the saturated sampling technique, so the research sample is 5x14 = 70 people. The analytical techniques used in this study were validity and reliability testing and factor analysis testing. The results of this study show that the factors affecting work performance at Mitra Sejati Medan Hospital are organizational characteristics, environmental characteristics, employee characteristics, management policies and practices, and responsibilities. service, productivity, motivation, job evaluation, supervision, equipment, facilities, quantity. quality, work discipline and remuneration. The KMO figure of the Measure of Sampling Adequacy (MSA) is 0.765 out of 0.50, which has a significance of 0.000, thus this variable is suitable for further analysis using factor analysis. Judging from the value of the correlation coefficient, the most dominant factor affecting work efficiency at Mitra Sejati Medan Hospital is the task factor (0.836).
PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, KONDISI KERJA DAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. BUDI PERKASA ALAM MEDAN
Authors: Lase Susi Ratnasari , Sinaga Ria Veronica , Sembiring Sabeth
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine and explain the influence of supervision, working conditions and training on employee performance at PT. Budi Perkasa Alam Medan. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and documentation techniques. The research method used was quantitative, with 51 respondents taken using the Slovin formula. Data analysis in this research used SPSS version 25. From the partial test results, the t test shows that the titing is 2,662 > ttable 1.675 and the significance level is 0.004 < 0.05, proving that supervision has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. thiting 11,438 > ttable 1.675 and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05 proves that working conditions have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. thiting 3,942 > ttable 1.675 and the significance level is 0.000 < 0.05, proving that training has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The F test shows Fcount 96,570 > Ftable 2.79 and a significant level of 0.000 < 0.05, proving that supervision, working conditions and training have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The coefficient of determination (R Square) value is 0.813, meaning that employee performance can be explained by supervision, working conditions and training variables of 81.3, while another 18.7% is explained by other variables not explained in this research such as work ability, communication and work enthusiasm. .
Identity in the Postmodern Psychosocial Context: A Study of Nicola Yoon’s The Sun Is Also a Star
Authors: Farkhanda Shahid Khan
Published: July 2024

This textual analysis of Nicola Yoon’s novel, The Sun Is Also a Star theorises the contentious issue of the transcultural identity of teenage immigrants in the postmodern psychosocial context. The study contributes to the heated discussion on identity formation in biracial and diasporic young adult literature by using Erikson’s concepts of psychosocial relativity, identity formation and identity crisis, and Jean Baudrillard’s concepts on postmodern identity. This article contends that in an effort to maintain one ethnic identity by erasing her previous Jamaican identity in Trump’s era in the United States, the protagonist Natasha experiences anti-Black racism, discrimination, and biracial identity formation. Conversely, another character in the novel, Daniel relishes dynamic identities to fit in the USA. However, his biracial identity results in an identity crisis. Thus, Yoon’s novel validates a postmodern condition, where teenagers’ multiple identities are regulated on the basis of ethnicity and their struggle for independent identities remains futile. Hence, the study shows that the USAdoes not allow biracial people to experience or adapt to Americanness easily.
Keywords: adolescence; cultural identity; identity crisis; psychosocialrelativity; postmodernism
Բասենի խոսվածքը Շիրակի մարզում (քերականական առանձնահատկություններ)
Authors: Խաչատրյան Հասմիկ
Published: July 2024

В данной статье объектом исследования говор села Мец Манташ Арти́кского района Ширакской области - как проявление одного говора Басена диалекта Карно.
In this article, the speech of Mets Mantash village, Artik Region of Shirak Marz, was examined as a manifestation of a speech of Bassen of the Karin dialect.
Blending Insights, Wadding the Nutritional and Physiochemical Gaps of High Omega-3 Peony Oil and High Omega-6 Safflower Oil
Authors: Ali Usman , Khan Ameer , Shahzad Muhammad , Farooq Shahzad , Ullah Farhan
Published: July 2024

Oil blending is known as a sustainable solution in development of vegetable oils with reliable storage stabilities and optimum fatty acids compositions. This novel study was done to spot the most effective oil blends in terms of the nutritional and the physiochemical properties between high omega-3 peony seed oil (PSO) and high omega-6 safflower seed oil (SSO) blended at different ratios of 5:95, 15:85, 50:50 and 70:30. All the blended samples showed improvement in their physiochemical properties means they can be kept at low temperature (below 5°C) without crystallization. Crude oils were extracted by standard Soxhlet extraction method using N-hexane as the solvent and purified through centrifuge method. Identification and quantitative measurement of oil blends for fatty acids were carried out by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results show that all the samples had significantly improved their polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles especially AB-70:30 (peony oil: Safflower oil) with n-6 (49.16%), n-9 (2.33%) and n-3 (39.03%) respectively which not only promote health but also lead to many useful changes in the physiochemical properties. This blended oil also shown noteworthy highest iodine value of 127.24 g I2/100g, significantly lower peroxide of 6.07 meqO2/kg and lowest free fatty acid of 0.122% compared to the other blended samples. Therefore, it is recommended for the daily use, deep frying and it can be kept in storage over a long period of time.
Paraguay en la encrucijada: avances y retrocesos en la lucha contra la corrupción y el crimen organizado según los índices CCC y GI-TOC de 2023
Authors: Peris Carlos
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo científico tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de la corrupción y el crimen organizado en la configuración actual del Paraguay, a través de un estudio comparativo basado en dos informes: el Índice de Capacidad para Combatir la Corrupción (CCC) 2023 y el Índice Global de Crimen Organizado 2023. Mediante una metodología de análisis documental y comparativo, se examinan los hallazgos de ambos reportes, identificando las interrelaciones entre estos fenómenos y sus implicancias sociales, políticas y económicas. Los resultados revelan que, si bien Paraguay ha realizado avances en materia de transparencia, cooperación internacional y políticas anticorrupción, persisten graves problemas que socavan la institucionalidad democrática y el estado de derecho. La corrupción sistémica, la impunidad y la penetración de actores criminales en las estructuras estatales configuran un escenario de alta complejidad. Se concluye sobre la necesidad de fortalecer la integridad y la independencia de los poderes del Estado, promover una cultura de legalidad y ética pública, y articular acciones integrales que involucren a la sociedad civil y al sector privado en la lucha contra la corrupción y el crimen organizado.
APLICAÇÕES DE EQUAÇÕES DIFERENCIAIS ORDINÁRIAS NO ESTUDO DE DOENÇAS INFECCIOSAS
Authors: Paiva Carlos Daniel Chaves , Marreiros Emerson Charles do Nascimento , Araujo Michael Douglas Batista de , Vale Alberton Fagno Albino do , Nascimento Rildo Alves do , Cavalcanti Alisson dos Santos , Sousa Maria Aparecida de Moura Amorim , Rodrigues Abimael dos Santos , Santos Francisco José dos , Andrade Antônio Daniel Marinho de , Soares Manoel Evaldo da Silva , Ferreira João Raimundo Silva , Silva Francisco Siqueira
Published: July 2024

O trabalho tem como objetivo principal estudar três modelos de equações diferenciais ordinárias autônoma de primeira ordem aplicadas no estudo de doenças infecciosas; para compreender melhor as soluções dos modelos em questão faremos o uso de gráficos. Inicialmente, definiremos alguns conceitos básicos de equações diferenciais ordinárias, sendo eles: classificação pela ordem, classificação como linear ou não-linear, soluções, problema de valor inicial e método de solução. Ainda abordaremos os conceitos de equações autônomas e dinâmica populacional. Finalmente nos resultados principais, faremos um estudo mais aprofundado acerca dos três modelos abordados, onde vamos encontrar a solução e depois fazer uma análise gráfica.
EPIGENÉTICA E ESCLEROSE MÚLTIPLA: MECANISMOS E ASSOCIAÇÕES
Authors: Botti Henrique Cordeiro de Melo , Almeida Ana Beatriz Gomes de , Silva Gabriela Dias da , Paradela Eduardo Ribeiro , Figueiredo André Luís dos Santos
Published: July 2024

A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é uma doença sem etiologia plenamente esclarecida, afetando oligodendrócitos e a propagação dos impulsos nervosos, acarretando principalmente em sintomas neurológicos. Estudos sugerem uma relação em seu desenvolvimento com fatores ambientais e uma predisposição genética. Assim, a relação entre EM e Epigenética, torna-se cada vez mais evidente, uma vez que esta influencia a resposta fenotípica do organismo a partir de modificações epigenômicas desencadeadas pelo meio em que o organismo é exposto, sem alterar a sequência de DNA e agindo de forma hereditária. Isso ocorre por meio de processos como metilação, desmetilação, acetilação e desacetilação do DNA e das Histonas, além de envolver estruturas como: miRNA e long-non-coding RNAs. Dessa forma, possíveis tratamentos podem ser realizados a partir de componentes epigenéticos, a fim de estimular uma melhor manutenção da bainha de mielina ou reduzir a resposta imunológica do paciente. Com isso, mais estudos são necessários para um melhor entendimento sobre essa doença e o desenvolvimento de novas propostas terapêuticas.
ADENOCARCINOMA GÁSTRICO COM ANEL EM SINETE
Authors: Pareja Helen Brambila Jorge , Fabrin Rafaela Parizoto , Rosa Guilherme Dale Vedove , Maehara Maria Eduarda Shono
Published: July 2024

O câncer gástrico ainda é uma das importantes causas de óbito no mundo, em 2001 foi causa de 10.765 óbitos (Kassab,2002). Segundo o INCA, a estimativa para o Brasil é de que para cada ano do triênio 2020-2022 sejam diagnosticados 13.360 novos casos de câncer de estômago em homens e 7.870 em mulheres. A.S.S.O., 37 anos, sexo feminino, com quadro de dor abdominal há 1 mês, associada a vômitos, inapetência e perda de peso de 10kg neste mesmo período. No exame físico do abdômen doloroso à palpação epigástrica, com descompressão brusca negativa. O exame endoscópico com biopsia detectou adenocarcinoma de antro gástrico, tipo células em anel de Sinete, sendo submetida à gastrectomia total, esofagectomia distal, linfadenectomia D2, reconstrução em Y de Ruox, Jejunostomia de Witzel e Colecistectomia, paciente evolui bem, recebeu alta do consultório.
Effect of mixing piglets affected by Escherichia coli diarrhea on growth and welfare responses
Authors: Quinonero J , Ramis G , Lopes E , Maria-Dolores E , Amero Eva
Published: July 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effects of mixing piglets prior to weaning on growth and behavioral and physiological stress markers during the preweaning and postweaning periods in the face of an outbreak of Escherichia coli diarrhea. Materials and methods: Twenty-four sows and their litters from two adjacent rooms (A and B, 12 litters per room), and six focal piglets (three males and three females) from each litter were included. In Room B, E coli diarrhea occurred Day 12 after birth. On Day 18, the partitions between pairs of neighboring pens were removed for 12 litters, allowing piglets access to two adjoining crate areas (forming six mixed litters). Pigs were weaned on Day 28. Growth performance, behavioral stress markers, and physiological stress markers (neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio and acute phase proteins [APPs]) were measured from birth to Day 58. Results: When colibacillosis occurred in Room B, there was a detrimental effect on growth performance, especially highlighted when piglets were mixed prior to weaning. Concentrations of APPs 2 days after weaning were higher in Room B. Mixed piglets spent more time fighting immediately after mixing; however, after weaning, mixed piglets spent less time fighting than the controls. Implications: Mixing piglets affected by E coli diarrhea may have a detrimental effect on growth rate. Animals with colibacillosis may have higher APP concentrations. After weaning, pigs mixed pre-weaning spend less time fighting than controls, which might help them cope with the stress of weaning.
Effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linnaeus) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, hematological values, and intestinal histology in nursery pigs
Authors: Maneewan Chamroon , Yamauchi Koh-en , Mekbungwan Apichai , Maneewan Buaream , Siri Suthut
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To investigate the effects of dietary turmeric on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, hematological and biochemical values, and intestinal histology in nursery pigs. Materials and methods: A total of 48 nursery pigs were divided into groups receiving 0.00%, 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.20% turmeric in the feed, with four replicates. Experiment 1: visceral organs and light microscopic parameters (eg, intestinal villus height) were measured at 30 kg body weight (BW). Epithelial cell morphology on the villus apical surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Experiment 2: blood was collected at 40 and 80 kg BW for hematology, triglyceride, and cholesterol assays. Growth performance was compared at 90 kg BW. Results: Growth performance and carcass and visceral organ weights did not differ between turmeric and control groups. Nutrient digestibility was higher in the 0.10% group (P < .05). Duodenal weight was lower in all treated groups than in the controls, and ileal weight was lower in the 0.10% and 0.20% groups (P < .05). At 80 kg BW, hematocrit was lower in the 0.10% group (P < .05). White blood cell counts were higher in the 0.10% and 0.20% groups, and triglycerides and cholesterol in all treated groups (P < .05). Cell mitosis numbers were higher in the jejunum and ileum of the 0.10% and 0.20% groups (P < .05). Protuberant mucosal epithelial cells and cell clusters were observed in treated groups. Implications: Under the conditions of this study, dietary turmeric promotes nutrient digestibility, enhances hematological values, and induces intestinal epithelial cell hypertrophy.
Recommendations for pen-based oral-fluid collection in growing pigs
Authors: White Drew , Rotolo Marisa , Olsen Chris , Wang Chong , Prickett John , Kittawornrat Apisit , Panyasing Yaowalak , Main Rodger , Rademacher Chris , Hoogland Marlin , Zimmerman Jeff
Published: July 2024

Sampling guidelines were developed by observing pigs during oral-fluid sample collection in commercial herds. Pigs with previous oral-fluid collection experience (“trained”) should be allowed 20 minutes access to the rope. Pigs with no prior experience (“untrained”) should be allowed 60 minutes. One collection is enough to train pigs.
Detection of Torque teno sus virus in diarrheic piglet fecal samples positive or negative for porcine group A rotavirus
Authors: de Arruda Leme Raquel , Lorenzetti Elis , Alfieri Alice , Alfieri Amauri
Published: July 2024

Association of Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) and porcine group A rotavirus (PoRVA) was evaluated in PoRVA-positive or PoRVA-negative diarrheic piglet fecal samples. Molecular TTSuV detection was 40.4% (21/52) and 53.3% (49/92) in PoRVA-positive and -negative fecal samples, respectively. No association (P = .19) was observed between TTSuV and PoRVA diarrhea.
Mortality, morbidity, and fertility after accidental electrical shock in a swine breeding and gestation barn
Authors: Knox Robert , Shipley Clifford , Bressner Glenn , Jarrell Vickie
Published: July 2024

Accidental electrocution occurred in a swine breeding barn, resulting in the immediate death of two sows and requiring euthanasia of four sows in the subsequent hours and days due to injury and hind-limb paralysis. The incident occurred on December 18, 2012, while transrectal ultrasound was being performed on a group of postweaned sows (Group 1, n = 23; average parity 1.7, range 0 to 6) to be inseminated December 18 and 19, and a second group (Group 2a, n = 15; average parity 2.3, range 0 to 7) that had been inseminated December 4 to 6 (13 to 15 days post breeding). An additional group of replacement gilts (Group 2b, n = 7), also bred December 4 to 6 with the same semen, were located in another room of the barn and not exposed to the electrical discharge. Among surviving Group 1 and Group 2a animals and the unexposed Group 2b sows, electric shock, breeding group, and parity had no detectable effects on farrowing rate or number of liveborn pigs (P > .10; ANOVA). Electrical safety for animals and humans should be evaluated in swine barns and steps taken to minimize risk of electrocution and electric shock.
Fractal Dimension (Df) Theory of Ismail’s Entropy (IE) with Potential Df Applications to Structural Engineering
Authors: A Mageed Ismail
Published: July 2024

As an ultimate generalisation to several kinds of generalised entropy in the literature, a novel entropy measure, namely, Ismail’s entropy, or (IE), is presented. This article spotlights the significance of fractal dimension, through highlighting several possible applications of fractal dimension to structural engineering. In addition to several difficult open problems and the next step of inquiry, the paper ends with some concluding observations
Household Fuelwood Consumption and Its Implication for Carbon Dioxide Emission
Authors: Eshetu Abebaw Sintayehu
Published: July 2024

This review paper aims to gather informative data on the impact of climate extremes on the physical environment, public health, and the livelihoods of people in Ethiopia. The primary sources of data for this review were peer-reviewed journal articles obtained from electronic databases such as PubMed, Central, Scopus, and Web of Science. Globally, the vast majority of households in developing countries depend on wood energy for their daily energy needs. Such consumption trends are expected to remain a common feature of traditional wood energy production and consumption, at least in the short- to medium-terms. This situation increases the demand for firewood and charcoal from the forest. The process of harvesting standing trees for charcoal and fire wood leads to forest degradation. Although woody biomass has the function of energy consumption, and as a source of income for rural villagers and urban poor dwellers practicing agriculture, wood energy generally has low priority in national policies of developing countries. However, unsustainable management and negative environmental consequences in humid and dry forests is derived from the use of fuel wood energy. Still now there is an unsystematic assessment of the economic contribution and environmental consequences of wood energy use, so its significance and consequences have been minimized. This deforestation and forest degradation contributes 1–2.4 Gt CO2e of greenhouse gases, which is 2–7% of global anthropogenic emissions, with global greenhouse gas emissions mostly CO2.
Active Food Packaging from Alginate-Based Film Containing Onion Peel Extract (Allium cepa)
Authors: Amran Farah Izzati Shamimi , Zamri Amir Izzwan , Arifin Heni Radiani , Shafrina Azlin-Hasim
Published: July 2024

Consumers wanting safe and eco-friendly food packaging have led to better active packaging materials. Alginate is a polysaccharide extracted from seaweed and has the potential to be considered a promising material for packaging applications; however, its application is limited due to poor mechanical properties and high water vapor (WVP). The mechanical and barrier properties can be altered by adding or blending with other materials, such as the incorporation of bioactive compounds from onion peel extract (Allium Cepa). This study was designed to extract onion peel and test its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities; alginate-based film incorporated different concentrations of onion peel extract (12.5%, 25%, and 50%) (w/v) and determined its antioxidant or antimicrobial activity and physicochemical properties. Results demonstrated that the onion peel extract and alginate-based films containing onion peel extract show antioxidant activity; however, no antimicrobial activity was detected. When the concentration of onion peel extract (Allium Cepa) in alginate-based film increased, it significantly improved the alginate-based film's mechanical properties, colour, solubility, and biodegradability. However, the water vapour permeability was reduced by increasing the onion peel extract. In conclusion, adding onion peel extract improved the antioxidant activity, colour, mechanical strength, solubility, and biodegradability characteristics of alginate-based films compared to control. Hence, this film has the potential to be used as active packaging.
Chemical Profile, Antioxidants, and Enzymatic Activity of the Kombucha Tea Beverages as a Potential Anti-obesity Beverage
Authors: Qing Rachel Yii Yieng , Rahman Mohd Nazri Abdul , Roslan Jumardi , Muhammad Nor Hayati , Huda Nurul , Sabullah Mohd Khalizan
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the chemical profile, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibition of black tea kombucha and kombucha without tea, as well as the relationship between these three parameters. Both kombuchas of different fermentation times (1, 7, 14, 21 days) were analysed. The pH and total soluble solids (TSS) of both samples decreased gradually with fermentation time. The scavenging activity (DPPH), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of black tea kombucha were significantly higher than kombucha without tea. The porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) inhibition of both samples increased gradually with fermentation time. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in pH, TSS, and PPL inhibition from the beginning to the end of fermentation in black tea kombucha, while for kombucha without tea, significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in pH, TFC, and PPL inhibition. Moreover, significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in all parameters except pH between the two samples at the end of fermentation. The Pearson correlation revealed kombucha's lipase inhibition was correlated with its chemical profile, not with antioxidant activity. These findings indicate the anti-obesity potential of kombucha, highly associated with kombucha’s chemical profile.
Utilization of Butterfly Pea Flower as Shelf-Life Colour Indicator for Keropok Lekor Smart Packaging
Authors: Othman M.A.Z. , Zin Z. Mohd , Danish-Daniel M. , Hasmadi M. , Aidat O. , Zainol M.K.
Published: July 2024

Studying the feasibility of using Clitoria ternatea or butterfly pea extract (BPE) as a colorimetric indicator to determine the shelf life of Keropok Lekor would aid in monitoring storage conditions, emphasizing its potential contribution to the smart packaging industry. The objective of this research is to develop pH-sensitive packaging using gelatine film infused with butterfly pea extract (BPE) along with ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods. The investigation involves quantifying the physicochemical attributes of the extracted butterfly pea and ascertaining the colour alterations during the storage of Keropok Lekor over a duration of six days. The determination of total anthocyanin content in BPE, conducted through a pH differential assay, yielded a value of 1.08 mg/g. Texture analysis revealed that the film with 10% BPE exhibited elevated tensile strength (0.11±0.01) and toughness (0.03±0.01). Total phenolic compound analysis indicated that the film containing 30% BPE possessed the highest value at 0.16±0.02. Notably, the film with 30% BPE demonstrated the highest colour change in Keropok Lekor storage from dark blue (-22.5±80.95) to dark green (6.34±1.85) over the course of six days. The film incorporated with 30% BPE stands as a viable colour indicator, demonstrating the potential for monitoring the freshness and quality of Keropok Lekor.
De ecosistemas presenciales a multimodales: un cambio evolutivo en las universidades
Authors: Amaya Amaya Arturo , Cantú Cervantes Daniel
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo cuantitativo transeccional con correlacional tuvo el objetivo de identificar el nivel de satisfacción en los estudiantes que optaron por en el ecosistema multimodal en una universidad pública en México durante la Pandemia por Covid-19. Los resultados sugieren que mayor parte de los participantes (n = 4,151, DE ± 0.504) mostraron niveles altos de satisfacción bajo el esquema multimodal, de los cuales, más del más del 80% manifestaron su disposición de continuar estudiando bajo el esquema multimodal. La elección de la modalidad híbrida, la interacción interpersonal y la autoeficacia en el uso de software de internet fueron los aspectos más importantes que se correlacionaron con la satisfacción estudiantil universitaria en la multimodalidad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0.05) entre el estado de la empleabilidad de los participantes a la par de sus estudios por la multimodalidad, entre su género, su estado civil, su experiencia previa en la multimodalidad, y sobre su elección de las asignaturas multimodales cursadas.