bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MYTHOLOGICAL SYMBOLS FROM THE THRACIAN MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES, CHRISTIAN AND MUSLIM SACRED PLACES ON THE BALKANS
Authors: Markov Vassil
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The ancient Thracian megalithic and stone-hewn sacred places are full of symbols closely connected with the Thracian mythology and ancient cult practices which were typical for this area. Among them the most numerous are the huge stone-hewn human footprints, which in Bulgarian folklore were regarded as the footprints of the hero Krali Marko, who was thought of as the guardian of the people in Bulgaria. In the contemporary science studying Thrace he is believed to have been the folklore successor of the Thracian Dionysus.Marking the sacred place with a stone-hewn footstep altar of the hero was authentic evidence for the believers in ancient times that the god had been there in primordial mythological times. In this way, through the contact with the divine, the monumental rock turns into sacred and the place turns into a sanctuary. The raw becomes boiled, Nature becomes culture. With the establishment of Christianity as the sole religion in the Roman Empire since the 4th century, some of the Thracian megalithic sanctuaries have been abandoned. Others have been Christianized. Later, others in the Middle Ages were converted into Islamic sacred places. In this way they became permanently sacred places on the Balkans. Part of the signs-symbols in them have a new meaning in the spirit of the new religions.Key words: anthropology; history of culture; religion; mythology; archaeology;
THE PRELIMINARY DISCOURSE OF THE FRENCH CIVIL CODE OF 1804: THE CONSTITUTION OF A RELIGIO CIVILIS
Authors: Asensio Sánchez Miguel Angel
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The preface to the French Civil Code of 1804 announced a New Order based on Right Reason and the political-legal values of the French Revolution, in an attempt to replace the role which churches had traditionally played in the morality of society. Moreover, the new civil law was presented as a substitute for moral law and religion with the aim of taking their place in that burgeoning society. One-dimensional law came into being in order to regulate all aspects of life and was ultimately to do away with the sin/crime dichotomy..Key words: Law, religión, sin, crime
«IMAGO TEMPLI» DE LA IGLESIA INVISIBLE: IDEALISMO Y ARTE ABSTRACTO
Authors: Papoulias Haris Ch.
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Dos eventos, aparentemente distantes uno del otro y sin vínculos directos entre ellos, pero sin embargo estrictamente relacionados por un legado espiritual común, constituyen el tema de este trabajo. El primero, tuvo lugar en 1971, cuando una «capilla ecuménica» muy especial abrió sus puertas al público. Es conocida bajo el nombre de «Rothko Chapel», debido al proyecto general, realizado por el pintor Mark Rothko. Desde entonces, se ha convertido en una de las obras de arte más valiosas que representan la estética religiosa contemporánea. Las pinturas negras de Rothko, la planta del edificio de «cruz griega» diseñado por el arquitecto Philip Johnson, el obelisco del artista Barnett Newman y la música compuesta para este ambiente por el compositor Morton Feldman, han reemplazado lo que tradicionalmente ha sido llamado «imago templi»; pero, contrariamente a toda tradición cristiana, representan nada (literalmente: no-thing). El segundo evento, tuvo lugar en 1795, cuando dos jóvenes amigos, Hegel y Schelling, estaban haciendo una especie de juramento bajo el signo de una Iglesia Invisible, actualizando un concepto ambiguo que, incluso arraigándose en las Sagradas Escrituras, ya había sido condenado por las iglesias oficiales por sus consecuencias heréticas. La relación entre estos dos eventos está dada por historiadores del arte moderno que han establecido que la pintura abstracta, desde un punto de vista formal, tiene sus raíces en la tradición romántica. Con este trabajo me gustaría contribuir al establecimiento de esta conexión, no solo por medios formales, sino también mostrando una actitud espiritual común hacia las imágenes. El cristianismo, esencialmente figurativo en su estética religiosa, siempre ha tenido que lidiar con la prohibición judía de la creación de imágenes. Esta dificultad ha sido trasferida a los debates contemporáneos en los que artistas con lecturas y educación clásicas, a menudo de origen judío pero activos en sociedades cristianas, intentan crear un nuevo tipo de arte, fuera de toda tradición y sin dogmas. Según mi sugerencia, Rothko Chapel debería considerarse como la realización de un equilibrio frágil en el que tanto el «aniconismo» como la «necesidad de imágenes» han superado su mutua unilateralidad, produciendo una etapa espiritual más elevada. Por lo tanto, tal capilla no sería un simple espacio donde todas las religiones podrían solo reunirse y dialogar, pero debería considerarse algo más sorprendente, es decir, una realización única de lo que lógicamente aparece como una pura contradicción: la realización de un Imago Templi para una Iglesia Invisible.Key words: Rothko; Hegel; Arte Abstracto; Idealismo; Iglesia Invisible
FENOMENOLOGÍA Y ONTOLOGÍA DEL ESPACIO Y EL TIEMPO SAGRADOS EN LAS CULTURAS MESOAMERICANAS DEL PERIODO CLÁSICO
Authors: Valenzuela Emmitt Beatriz
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo es una investigación sobre filosofía de la cultura. Trata de comprender las expresio-nes simbólicas de algunos grupos humanos: los mesoamericanos del periodo clásico. Como saber filosófico, la filosofía de la cultura toma su punto de partida de las descripciones llevadas a cabo desde el plano de la exterioridad objetiva por arqueólogos, lingüistas e historiadores. Teniéndolas en cuenta intento comprender estas culturas en un doble plano: el fenomenológico y el ontológico. Como ejes de la organización de estas culturas tomo las expresiones artísticas y religiosas más significativas referidas al espacio y al tiempo: sus lugares sagrados y sus calenda-rios sagrados, e intento realizar una comprensión de lo vivido o acontecido en la interioridad de los sujetos de estas culturas ante los lugares sagrados y sus calendarios, y alcanzar, desde el punto de vista de la ontología de la cultura la esencia del espacio como lugar de manifestación del Origen y del calendario como organización de la vida desde un constructo ideal.
SUJETO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA IDENTIDAD EN LOS SISTEMAS ADIVINATORIOS DE LA SANTERÍA CUBANA
Authors: Garcés Marrero Roberto
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo versa sobre cómo se construye una cierta identidad y, por tanto, un cierto tipo de sujeto, a partir de los sistemas normativos propios de la adivinación en la santería cubana. Este análisis se realiza a partir de las experiencias en el trabajo de campo del autor durante cinco años en una “casa de santo” en Remedios, Villa Clara y del estudio exhaustivo de las llamadas “letras” de Ifá. La adivinación en esta religión no solo resulta un acto predictivo, sino una manera de conformar un tipo de personalidad, a partir de un conjunto de reglas y recomendaciones individualizadas para cada creyente.
FENOMENOLOGÍA Y ONTOLOGÍA DEL ESPACIO Y EL TIEMPO SAGRADOS EN LAS CULTURAS MESOAMERICANAS DEL PERIODO CLÁSICO
Authors: Valenzuela Beatriz
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo es una investigación sobre filosofía de la cultura. Trata de comprender las expresiones simbólicas de algunos grupos humanos: los mesoamericanos del periodo clásico. Como saber filosófico, la filosofía de la cultura toma su punto de partida de las descripciones llevadas a cabo desde el plano de la exterioridad objetiva por arqueólogos, lingüistas e historiadores. Teniéndolas en cuenta intento comprender estas culturas en un doble plano: el fenomenológico y el ontológico. Como ejes de la organización de estas culturas tomo las expresiones artísticas y religiosas más significativas referidas al espacio y al tiempo: sus lugares sagrados y sus calendarios sagrados, e intento realizar una comprensión de lo vivido o acontecido en la interioridad de los sujetos de estas culturas ante los lugares sagrados y sus calendarios, y alcanzar, desde el punto de vista de la ontología de la cultura la esencia del espacio como lugar de manifestación del Origen y del calendario como organización de la vida desde un constructo ideal.
Cuando los reyes juegan a los dados
Authors: Cattedra Olivia María Margarita
Published: February 2021

La concepción de la vida como un juego divino –lilah- es una noción relevanteque atraviesa el mundo de la literatura india antigua. El símbolo de los dados se instalacomo un arquetipo de connotaciones cosmológicas, rituales, destínales y, naturalmente,lúdicas. En este trabajo comentaremos dos narrativas del ciclo épico del Mahâbhârata: losavatares de los reyes Nala y Yudhishthira. Ambos relatos muestran una estructura especulary comparativa cuya función es constituirse en un nuevo ejemplo sapiencial tanto en formacomo en contenido.
Sobre la diosa madre. Reflexión sobre los mitos y leyendas de la creadora en China
Authors: Luque Moya Gloria
Published: February 2021

La mitología de la cultura china es rica en contenido y formas debido a su larga trayectoria histórica y la multiplicidad de grupos que han ido conformando esta gran nación. Uno de los mitos más antiguos es el de la diosa arcaica Nüwa que explica la creación de la humanidad. Este artículo plantea una reflexión sobre la diosa madre en China desde un enfoque antropológico y filosófico. Para ello en primer lugar, examina el mito de creación de la diosa madre Nüwa. Después analiza su continuidad en diferentes etnias minoritarias. En último lugar, considera el papel que juega estos mitos no sólo en la tradición, sino en la sociedad actual de dichos pueblos.
Bibliografía sobre Hegel en español del año 2016
Authors: Paredes María del Carmen
Published: February 2021

Recopilación por orden alfabético de los estudios en español que se ocupan directamente de Hegel y que fueron publicados en 2016 y registrados en las principales bases de datos. Se incluyen tanto las monografías, como las contribuciones en revistas especializadas en obras colectivas.
Da presença de Schelling na estética ontológica de Mikel Dufrenne
Authors: Bizarro Morais Carlos
Published: February 2021

Problematizaremos a influência da ideia de Natureza de Schelling no pensamento estético de Dufrenne. Uma influência estruturante mas controversa, dada a sua implicação na perceção-limite que ela auspicia: de indiferenciação, em que sujeito e objeto mutuamente se aderem e se constituem, numa correlação a priori.Ora, esta prodigalidade da Natureza manifesta-se ao propiciar a referida simbiose, e sobretudo ao tornar presente, deixando-o jorrar, um sentido bruto/selvagem, incipiente mas explícito para apontar uma direção de causalidade poiética, gerando a possibilidade de uma interpretação ontológico-metafísica. Torna-se assim tangível uma matriz instauradora, aproximável pela dimensão estético-artística da existência. Daí o seu interesse crítico.
Los hábitos y sus expresiones socioculturales en Hegel
Authors: Ortigosa Andrés
Published: February 2021

La noción de hábito en Hegel es una cuestión que requiere clarificación. Por un lado, encontramos su trato en el espíritu subjetivo. En función a este se realiza una crítica a la psicología de su época por parte de Hegel. Además, de acuerdo con la Enciclopedia, algunos hábitos surgen de un modo preconsciente cuando todavía no se ha formado la conciencia. Así, el hábito es una parte fundamental de la filosofía de Hegel para poder pasar a la conciencia, ganar libertad y explicar complejidades del psiquismo humano, como el emerger de la autoconciencia. Por otro lado, en el espíritu objetivo los hábitos y las costumbres son compartidas por las sociedades. Esta sustancia ética es el rasgo característico de una cultura que se manifiesta en sus instituciones, leyes, derechos, costumbres , hábitos, etc. El Estado es el guardián de esta esencia y de salvaguardar sus expresiones. Las costumbres y los hábitos son dos de estas.
In Memoriam: Javier Hernández-Pacheco
Authors: Ortigosa Andrés
Published: February 2021

En este artículo se presenta la obra sobre Hegel de Javier Hernández Pacheco desde sus primeros escritos hasta hasta sus últimas obras.
Europejskie programy GNSS na rynku globalnych systemów nawigacyjnych
Authors: Warcholik Witold
Published: February 2021

The study includes the description of development conditions for the satellite navigation programme Galileo. Its also includes some aspects of the Galileo programme accomplishment, especially its influence on the integration process in Europe and tightening the international connections. The programme has been implemented since the 1990s and its aim is to ensure the independence of the EU countries in such sectors of their economy which are based on the precise information related to location and time. Galileo has also its overregional dimension, which is the result of satellite constellation and its global reach. It is the biggest industrial project conducted within the integrated European structures. What is more, the distinction of Galileo among other European satellite programmes has its roots in its crucial strategic significance rather than in technology or investment costs. So far, the cosmologic institutions have not been formally connected with the integrated European structures, and less importance has been attached to political aspects of their projects. The transformation of the Galileo programme is proceeding in the condition of potential incomes risk from the system work. The fiasco of public and private partnership establishments was the result of differences in estimating the risk of trade incomes and market development. In 2013 Galileo will be in its full operation process and first GPS III satellites will work, what is more, the high precision of this American system and other integrated GNSS systems will establish competition in terms of commercial and amateur aplications. Widening the cooperation between the EU countries and the USA implies many positive effects, such as creating the idea of a multi-system satellite scheme, the compatibility of Galileo and GPS receivers and, what follows, the increase of navigation precision and reduction of overall costs borne by the system owners.
Zmiany w marketingowej orientacji przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w dobie postępującej globalizacji
Authors: Repetowski Radosław
Published: February 2021

Globalization is not a new phenomenon. This process has been initiated by great geographic discoveries. One can say, that the first age of globalization has been started in the 19th century. Continuous reducing of duty caused England to become the trade – open country. It allowed to accelerate the develpment of international business. In the end of the 19th century, innovations were a significant factor for development of globalization. They enabled a boost of efficiency of enterpreneurship through organizing mass production, reducing elementary cost and reducing price of final products. Technical progress in transport was also a significant factor for development of globalization. Along with technical progress, enterprises were forced to change their market orientation. Development of telecommunication contributed to propagation of information and it allowed enterprises to react much more quickly to changes in their environment. Presently, globalization has adopted a different form. First of all, it proceseeds faster and it has the greatest territorial coverage. There is no doubt that modern enterprises face the great challenge of being more competing on the homogeneous international market. Marketing is a package of market management instruments and one of the basic manager orientation. Efficiency of the enterprise activity on the market is mainly dependent on the selection of proper marketing instruments. The main questions are: How to be competitive on the international market in the age of globalization? Has globalization played a big role in forming the marketing theory?
Rewitalizacja przemysłowych miast angielskich na przykładzie Barnsley
Authors: Kopeć Marcin
Published: February 2021

Polish cities need to redevelop post-industrial areas located within their boundaries. Cities’ authorities, while preparing regeneration programs, can use best practices of Western European cities. One very good example is the case of the English town Barnsley. Barnsley in earlier days was famous for coal mining, but the last pit was closed in 1994. With the demise of the coal industry, people suffered from unemployment and the town from losing its main revenue sources (in 2000, the town was ranked 16th out of 354 most deprived district of England). Town was blighted by a very high incidence of post-industrial areas: disused colliery spoil tips, pit yards and the railway infrastructure which served the collieries. For many years Barnsley has carried out an extensive land reclamation program, together with investments put into new road links and job creation schemes for the former colliery workers. Between 1982 and 2003, over 23 million GBP was spent on the restoration of over 600 hectares of derelict land. Barnsley’s vision is to be a 21st Century Market Town. Those plans are prepared for the next 30 years, and the budget of 380 million GBP (including EU co-financing) constitutes the basis for the town transformation. In 2002, the Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council, together with local partners, started the Rethinking Barnsley weekend, a consultation project, which was the entry for preparing the urban centre regeneration program, called Remaking Barnsley. Planned and partly realised projects include construction of the new Barnsley Interchange – bus and coach station opened in May 2007, new cultural centre in the old Civic Hall, new commercial centre in Barnsley Markets, Digital Media Centre – opened in August 2007 – an incubator of new technologies, as well as new office and residential areas in the town centre. New business parks opened the new possibilities on the labour market. A well planned and perfectly realised process of the town development, started by wide citizens’ consultancy program, treated as a basis for establishing the town development vision, transformed then into an action plan and verified by already completed projects, is a good example to be copied by Polish towns.
Wpływ globalizacji i integracji w ramach MERCOSUR na wymianę handlową produktów przemysłu samochodowego Brazylii w latach 1990–2006
Authors: Wójtowicz Mirosław
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is determining the influence of the globalization and regional integration processes on the Brazilian automobile industry. The paper also contains the analysis of changes in the state’s industrial policy towards this sector and their influence on winning new foreign investments. The analysis also concerns changes in the MERCOSUR integration policy towards the automobile industry. It was observed that the changes that occurred in the Brazilian automobile industry in the years 1990–2006 are to a large extent a consequence of world-wide transformations in the sector, caused by globalization. On one hand, the changes consisted in modernizing the existing plants, and on the other hand – in emergence of completely new enterprises that aimed at global expansion on the so-called rising markets. This led to the increase in production, diversification of the assortment of available models, and the increase in competition on the Brazilian market.As for integration policy, the member states tried to postpone as long as possible complete liberalization of products trade in this industry within MERCOSUR. Owing to this, they were able to conduct individual policies in this sector, on one hand trying to maintain the barriers that protected their domestic markets, and on the other hand, trying to offer as much as possible to attract foreign investors. This led to numerous conflicts and great tension, chiefly between Argentina and Brazil, which endangered the process of economic integration. Still, the emerging problems were successfully overcome and the barriers for automobile industry trade within MERCOSUR were gradually eliminated. It was reflected in the rapid increase in car trade between the two countries in years 2003–2006.
Wpływ procesów globalizacji i integracji europejskiej na przekształcenia struktur polskiego przemysłu cukrowniczego
Authors: Niemczak Marcin
Published: February 2021

The problem of economic transformation, and especially of structural transformations of industries in view of globalization and European integration becomes particularly significant. One of the most important effects of globalization, vital in modernization of economy, is restructuring of industry. This process requires precise recognition of the mechanisms of its functioning and identification and employment of these mechanisms in the process of adapting countries’ economies to the new, competitive conditions of the global economy.Such actions are indispensable to increase the competitiveness of products and services provided by enterprises.In the period of transformation, functioning of the Polish sugar industry depended not only on the current socio-economic conditions, but also on the influence of integration processes. As economic transformation, especially restructuring of enterprises, is strictly connected with great financial expenditure and with changes in the system of management, it had an effect on the course of transformations in the spatial structure of the Polish sugar industry
Koncentracja przestrzenna światowych firm informatycznych
Authors: Kilar Wioletta
Published: February 2021

The article analyses the spatial concentration of world IT companies. They have been described in terms of their varied potential, types and extent of activity and the degree of global concentration. Research included the world’s top 100 largest IT companies, which jointly receive a revenue of USD 1.2 trillion, turning a profit of USD 140 billion. The revenue of the different companies ranged from USD 524.7 million to USD 97.0 billion. The leaders among those businesses are IBM Corporation, Verizon Communications, Deutsche Telekom and Samsung Electronics, which concentrate USD 313.0 billion, that is 25.9 per cent of the total revenue that the largest IT corporations receive. The joint profit of all the analysed IT companies is USD 140.1 billion and it ranges from USD 12.4 million to 11.2 billion. The corporations that make the highest profit are Microsoft, Samsung Electronics and IBM, which jointly earn USD 28.9 billion, which makes up 20.6 per cent of total profit. The analysed corporations are marked by a strong correlation between the revenue and profit ─ its index is 0.832.The analysed enterprises represent 8 types of business in the IT sector: telecommunication, hardware, software, semiconductors, telecommunication devices, services, distributors and Internet companies. The leaders among them are 24 telecommunication companies, whose joint revenue is USD 428.2 billion, that is 35.4 per cent of the total income, and the profit is USD 46.5 billion, that is 33.2 per cent of total profit.The United States has a high concentration of IT companies, 44 of which have reached 43.4 per cent of total revenue and 49.7 per cent of total profit. Companies located in Korea, Germany and Taiwan yield very high revenue and profit. Sixty-three companies from those four countries jointly yield USD 805.7 billion, that is 66.6 per cent of revenue, and USD 94.5 billion, that is 67.5 per cent of total profit. The least important in this respect are the companies located in Switzerland, the Cayman Islands, Turkey, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Indonesia, which jointly concentrate USD 22.5 billion, that is 1.9 per cent of revenue and USD 2.7 billion, that is 1.9 per cent of total profit.
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN APPROACH TO SPECIFIC ENGINEERING DESIGN
Authors: Ihnáth Ivan , Jánoš Rudolf
Published: February 2021

Urgency of the research. Prior to industrialization, individuals undertaking design were artisan craftsman, one canspeculate on what expertise and knowledge those active in design might need in a futurepost industrialist age. Currently, though, the activity of industrial design is generally linked to product development in a manufacturing context. Industrial Design is inextricably a part of innovation and it can make a contribution in the broad categories of innovation activity: Target setting. Industrial design is only one sort of design. It has much in common with architecture and the various versions of design within engineering. Indeed the relationship between industrial design and mechanical and production engineering is similar to that enjoyed by architects with civil engineers.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. A design method is a normative scheme that specifies in detail a certain working procedure, the activities to perform, and also specifies order in which the activities should be carried out. It is usually very precise, and the designer is to follow it meticulously. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Most articles and other publications relating to problem of humanmachine
interaction, reduces this problem on ergonomic of controls and displays. In my article will be the ergonomic only one the constrains and I will not re-publish in my work anthropometric parameters, but I will put my effort on less common, but very important factors of industrial design in robotics. The research objective. Concept originality means number of innovative features or technologies encompassed to robot
concept. Score is for innovations could be in robot kinematic chain, drives, cabling, workspace, user interface, safety, etc. The statement of basic materials. Engineering design has merit in continuous improvement of the basic parameters of the
robot by applying newest outcomes of technology areas of mechanics, metallurgy, cybernetics to robot construction and control. Main objective of engineering design is to improve positioning accuracy, repeatability, load capacity, service life by the reduction
of weight, energy demand, ecology impact and prices. Conclusions. Design must be understood as a word that describes both a process and an outcome. It is the process of turning ideas into material things. Design cost is typically a very small portion of total product cost, but design process has major impact on product success.
Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: Rückert Fabiano Quadros , Diniz José Nilo Bezerra
Published: February 2021

No decorrer do ano de 2019, apresentamos para a Equipe Editorial da História Unicap a proposta do dossiê intitulado “História Ambiental e as (re)leituras do passado”. Entre o movimento inicial de proposição, o processo de submissão e avaliação dos artigos e a publicação da presente edição da revista, a Pandemia de COVID-19 atingiu o Brasil e afetou todos os segmentos da sociedade brasileira. No ambiente acadêmico, a Pandemia atingiu os três pilares da Universidade Brasileira na medida em que dificultou – e, em alguns casos até inviabilizou – as atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Com limitações operacionais e com um esforço de adaptação de discentes, docentes e gestores, as Universidades foram gradualmente retomando suas atividades. Dentro deste contexto, e sem perder de vista as adversidades decorrentes dos sucessivos cortes orçamentários na área do Ensino Superior vivenciadas pela comunidade acadêmica brasileira ao longo dos últimos anos, acreditamos que a publicação deste Dossiê pode ser considerada um êxito. E este êxito não teria sido possível sem a colaboração dos pesquisadores que participaram como autores(as) ou como avaliadores(as) dos artigos reunidos na História Unicap – Volume 7, número 14. Na condição de organizadores, agradecemos aos colaboradores(as) da revista e estendemos o agradecimento à Equipe Editorial...
Convivendo com o rio: uma História Ambiental das intervenções humanas nas margens do Rio do Sinos (Brasil, RS)
Authors: Rückert Fabiano Quadros , Harres Marluza Marques
Published: February 2021

O artigo aborda a história das interações estabelecidas entre o Rio dos Sinos – curso hídrico localizado no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil – e os grupos humanos fixados nas margens do respectivo rio. A pesquisa realizada insere-se no campo de estudos da História Ambiental e destaca, a partir de fontes documentais e bibliográficas, duas experiências de interações entre o ambiente natural e os grupos humanos fixados nas margens do Rio dos Sinos. A primeira experiência diz respeito à percepção social das enchentes do Sinos como um problema que demandava respostas da sociedade e do poder público. A segunda cotempla as quatro décadas finais do século XX e analisa o processo de construção do Sistema de Contenção de Cheias do Rio dos Sinos – um conjnuto de obras hidráulicas que provocaram gandes transformações na paisagem urbana de São Leopoldo e no fluxo das águas do rio.
Observações sobre a natureza: a experiência de John Luccock pelo Pampa argentino e uruguaio no início do século XIX
Authors: Minuzzi João Davi Oliveira
Published: February 2021

Marcando os 200 anos da primeira publicação, ainda no idioma inglês, de “Notas sôbre o Rio-de-Janeiro e partes meridionais do Brasil” escrita pelo Comerciante inglês John Luccock (1770-1826) proponho revisitar este texto tão lido pela historiografia brasileira, porém agora com o foco em aspectos sobre a natureza e sobre o Pampa. Este relato de viagem trás passagens interessantes para refletirmos sobre as formas de pensamento ambiental e a relação humanidade-natureza no determinado recorte espaço-temporal. Neste artigo irei trabalhar especificamente com as experiências do viajante pelo Pampa argentino e uruguaio, uma viagem que ficou bastante restrita ao litoral, passando por cidades como Punta del Diablo, Maldonado, Montevidéu, Colônia do Sacramento e Buenos Aires. Parto da História Ambiental para poder compreender as diferentes percepções da natureza existentes no século XIX, um período marcante por possuir uma variedade de formas de compreensão do mundo natural que acabavam refletindo diretamente nos usos que se faziam sobre a natureza.
Estudo da mortalidade materna no Nordeste Brasileiro, de 2009 a 2018
Authors: Santos Lucicleide Oliveira , Nascimento Vívian Francielle de Freitas , Rocha Fernanda de Lourdes da Costa Oliveira , Da Silva Ellen Tayanne Carla
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos maternos ocorridos no Nordeste brasileiro entre 2009 e 2018. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, dos óbitos maternos, ocorridos entre 2009 e 2018 no Nordeste, obtidos por meio do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: No Nordeste, ocorreram 5.675 óbitos maternos no intervalo de estudo o que fez com que a região apresentasse razão de mortalidade materna de 68,04 óbitos a cada 100 mil nascidos vivos, comparando o ano de 2009 com o ano de 2018, houve uma redução de 1,74% no número absoluto de mortes maternas. Outras doenças da mãe que complicam a gravidez, parto e puerpério ocupou o primeiro lugar entre as principais causas de morte materna, com percentual de 32, 24%. Quanto às características sociodemográficas, mulheres na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos, de cor parda, solteiras e possuindo escolaridade entre 8 e 11 anos, foram as que mais morreram. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, embora a região Nordeste tenha apresentado uma redução no Coeficiente de Mortes Maternas, intervenções na área da saúde, como aumento da cobertura de pré-natal e melhorias na assistência as mulheres nordestinas são de extrema necessidade.
Assistência de enfermagem a um paciente com anemia falciforme em unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Silva Juliette Nobre dos Santos , Gurjão Wanne Thaynara Vaz , De Sousa Josué Rodrigues , Junior Jonas Melo de Matos , Da Silva Rosilene , Loureiro Suellen Patricia Sales da Costa , Dos Reis Danielle Saraiva Tuma , Freitas Karina de Oliveira , Menezes Cláudia Ribeiro , Vasconcelos Esleane Vilela
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Relatar a construção do processo de enfermagem, por meio da Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem elaborada por enfermeiros residentes de uma unidade de terapia intensiva, a um paciente com anemia falciforme e artrite séptica, desde sua admissão a alta da unidade. Relato de experiência: Para a realização do presente estudo utilizou-se a Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem para a elaboração dos cuidados de enfermagem, por meio iniciando pela coleta de dados, seguida do exame físico cefalopodal. A partir da evolução, definiu-se os problemas potenciais e reais que conduziram na definição de seis diagnósticos de enfermagem como risco de aspiração, risco de choque, risco de infecção, volume de líquidos excessivos, dor aguda e troca de gases prejudicada e suas respectivas intervenções, a fim de alcançar a resolução dos problemas elencados. Considerações finais: Ao paciente com hemoglobinopatia a implementação do processo de Enfermagem fundamentou a tomada de decisão na resolução da instabilidade hemodinâmica, melhora da oxigenação, conforto e redução de riscos relacionados a assistência à saúde.
A note on coherence power of n-dimensional unitary operators
Authors: Garcia-Diaz Maria , Egloff Dario , Plenio Martin B.
Published: February 2021

The coherence power of a quantum channel, that is, its maximum ability to increase the coherence of input states, is a fundamental concept within the framework of the resource theory of coherence. In this note we discuss various possible definitions of coherence power and coherence rate and their basic properties. Then we prove that the coherence power of a unitary operator acting on a qubit, computed with respect to the l1-coherence measure, can be calculated by maximizing its coherence gain over pure incoherent states. We proceed to show that this result fails in the general case, that is, the maximal coherence gain is found when acting on a state with non-vanishing coherence in the case of the l1-coherence and dimension N > 2, the relative entropy of coherence and the geometric measure of coherence.
The Clifford group forms a unitary 3-design
Authors: Webb Zak
Published: February 2021

Unitary k-designs are finite ensembles of unitary matrices that approximate the Haar distribution over unitary matrices. Several ensembles are known to be 2-designs, including the uniform distribution over the Clifford group, but no family of ensembles was previously known to form a 3-design. We prove that the Clifford group is a 3-design, showing that it is a better approximation to Haar-random unitaries than previously expected. Our proof strategy works for any distribution of unitaries satisfying a property we call Pauli 2-mixing and proceeds without the use of heavy mathematical machinery. We also show that the Clifford group does not form a 4-design, thus characterizing how well random Clifford elements approximate Haar-random unitaries. Additionally, we show that the generalized Clifford group for qudits is not a 3-design unless the dimension of the qudit is a power of 2.
Phase estimation using an approximate eigenstate
Authors: Tulsi Avatar
Published: February 2021

A basic building block of many quantum algorithms is the Phase Estimation algorithm (PEA). It finds an eigenphase φ of a unitary operator using a copy of the corresponding eigenstate |φi. Suppose, in place of |φi, we have a copy of an approximate eigenstate |ψi whose component in |φi is at least p 2/3. Then the PEA fails with a constant probability. Using multiple copies of |ψi, this probability can be made to decrease exponentially with the number of copies. Here we show that a single copy is sufficient to find φ if we can selectively invert the |ψi state. As an application, we consider the eigenpath traversal problem (ETP) where the goal is to travel a path of non-degenerate eigenstates of n different operators. The fastest algorithm for ETP is due to Boixo, Knill and Somma (BKS) which needs Θ(ln n) copies of the eigenstates. Using our method, the BKS algorithm can work with just a single copy but its running time Q increases to O(Q ln2 Q). This tradeoff is beneficial if the spatial resources are more constrained than the temporal resources.
Renormalization of quantum deficit and monogamy relation in the Heisenberg XXZ model
Authors: Qin Meng , Zhang Xin , Ren Zhong-Zhou
Published: February 2021

In this study, the dynamical behavior of quantum deficit and monogamy relation in the Heisenberg XXZ model is investigated by implementing quantum renormalization group theory. The results demonstrate that the quantum deficit can be used to capture the quantum phase transitions point and show scaling behavior with the spin chain size increasing. It was also found that the critical exponent has no change when varying measure from entanglement to quantum correlation. The monogamy relation is influenced by the steps of quantum renormalization group and the ways of splitting the block states. Furthermore, the monogamy relation of generalized W state also is given by means of quantum deficit.
Origin and Control of Chemoselectivity in Cytochrome c-Catalyzed Carbene Transfer into Si–H and N–H bonds
Authors: Garcia-Borràs Marc , Kan S. B. Jennifer , Lewis Russell D. , Tang Allison , Jiménez-Osés Gonzalo , Arnold Frances H. , Houk Kendall N.
Published: February 2021

A cytochrome c heme protein was recently engineered to catalyze the formation of carbon–silicon bonds via carbene insertion into Si–H bonds, a reaction that was not previously known to be catalyzed by a protein. High chemoselectivity towards C–Si bond formation over competing C–N bond formation was achieved, although this trait was not screened for during directed evolution. Using computational and experimental tools, we now establish that activity and chemoselectivity are modulated by conformational dynamics of a protein loop that covers the substrate access to the iron-carbene active species. Mutagenesis of residues computationally predicted to control the loop conformation altered the protein’s chemoselectivity from preferred silylation to preferred amination of a substrate containing both N–H and Si–H functionalities. We demonstrate that information on protein structure and conformational dynamics, combined with knowledge of mechanism, leads to understanding of how non-natural and selective chemical transformations can be introduced into the biological world.
Efficacy of Platelet Rich Fibrin on Angiogenesis
Authors: MOHAMMED Jiyar
Published: February 2021

In this experiment we used platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) with the protocol of its production, in this study we tried to investigate the angiogenetic efficacy of L-PRF on s soft tissue. Blood samples of 8 sheep were used to establish the protocol of the L-PRF formation to develop the work. The mucoperiosteal flaps were filled with autologous L-PRF in the mandible and maxillary jaws of the sheep. Samples taken from the surgical sites stained with haematoxylin and eosin for diagnosis of the sections, then immunohistological tests were confirmed on these sections. We noticed that after 14 days of membranes implantation there was no significant differences between their histological sections. While in histological section of 28 days, the sections with PRF has more angiogenic effect in soft tissue with much and more organized vessels in compare with control one.
Pengaruh Lokasi Exit Toll Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Bogor Terhadap Perubahan Guna Lahan Di Sekitar Jalan Soleh Iskandar Kota Bogor
Authors: Susanto Andi , Marsoyo Agam
Published: February 2021

Pembangunan infrastruktur jalan tol Lingkar Luar Bogor (BORR) merupakan bagian dari pengembangan kota Bogor dengan tujuan meningkatkan akses transportasi dari dan menuju Kota Bogor. Pengoperasian jalan tol ini sendiri berdampak pada perubahan penggunaan lahan di daerah yang dilintasi oleh jalan tol ini dan terutama pada daerah di sekitar lokasi Exit Toll. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besarnya area perubahan penggunaan lahan di area sekitar lokasi tol BORR. Penelitian ini menggunakan data penggunaan lahan untuk tahun 2006, dan 2017 yang diekstraksi dari interpretasi citra satelit. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis GIS untuk menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan.  Dengan demikian, pengaruh lokasi exit toll  BORR di daerah penelitian dapat dijelaskan secara rasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh lokasi tol keluar pada perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kedung Halang dan Kedung Badak tidak signifikan, hal ini dapat dilihat dengan melihat pola perubahan penggunaan lahan yang menunjukkan bahwa 56 persen perubahan penggunaan lahan terjadi pada jarak yang lebih jauh dari lokasi Exit toll. Namun  demikian, di wilayah studi, sekitar 22 persen penggunaan lahan pada tahun 2006 terkonversi ke berbagai kelas penggunaan lahan pada tahun 2017. Dengan kata lain, ada faktor lain yang memengaruhi perubahan penggunaan lahan di wilayah studi selain faktor lokasi exit toll.
PERSEBARAN ASAL SEKOLAH SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 PADANGAN KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO PRA DAN PASCA ZONASI
Authors: Udin Muhammad Zain
Published: February 2021

Sekolah dasar dan sekolah menengah pertama sebagai bagian pendidikan dasar memiliki makna penting dalam perjalanan menggapai ilmu bagi seseorang. Dambaan setiap siswa dan orang tua yang ingin bersekolah di SMP favorit sangat kuat, sehingga SMP dengan kualitas yang telah teruji menjadi tujuan utama baik sebelum pelaksanaan dan setelah pelaksanaan zonasi. SMP Negeri 1 Padangan sebagai bagian dari pendidikan dasar menjadi daya tarik yang cukup tinggi bagi siswa SD di kecamatan Padangan dan sekitarnya. Karena itu keinginan siswa Sekolah Dasar dan orang tuanya untuk bisa menjadi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Padangan cukup tinggi. Penelitian dengan judul “Persebaran Asal Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Padangan kabupaten Bojonegoro sebelum dan sesudah zonasi”, memiliki rumusan masalah berasal dari mana saja asal siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Padangan sebelum dan setelah zonasi dan bagaimana persebaran asal siswa SMP Negeri 1 Padangan Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Mengetahui daerah asal siswa SMP Negeri 1 Padangan sebelum pelaksanaan zonasi, (2) Mengetahui daerah asal siswa SMP Negeri 1 Padangan setelah pelaksanaan zonasi(3) Menganalisis persebaran asal siswa SMP Negeri 1 Padangan Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik analisis data sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data sekunder dan teknik analisis peta. Dengan mentabulasi kedalam bentuk table maupun peta. Hasil penelitian yaitu: (1) Sebelum pelaksanaan zonasi, SMP Negeri 1 Padangan memiliki daerah asal siswa 16 desa dari kecamatan Padangan. Asal desa yang terbanyak adalah dari desa Padangan 14,7 %, desa Kuncen 7,8 % dan desa Dengok 6,3 %. Sedangkan asal siswa dari kecamatan lain, yaitu 4 kecamatan dan didominasi dari kecamatan Kasiman yaitu 9,4 %, (2) Setelah pelaksanaan zonasi, SMP Negeri 1 Padangan memiliki daerah asal siswa 16 desa dari kecamatan Padangan untuk tahun 2018 dan 11 desa dari kecamatan Padangan untuk tahun 2019. Desa Padangan adalah asal desa terbanyak yaitu 10,6 % untuk tahun 2018 dan 19,6 % untuk tahun 2019. Sedangkan dari kecamatan lain tetap didominasi dari kecamatan Kasiman. Tahun 2018 sebesar 12,8 % dan tahun 2019 sebesar 9,4 % yang berasal dari 2 kecamatan, (3) Pola persebaran yang dimiliki SMP Negeri Padangan Kabupaten Bojonegoro yakni berpola mengelompok baik sebelum maupun setelah pelaksanaan zonasi.
BÜTÜNLEŞİK KIYI ALANLARI PLANLARI VE MEKÂNSAL PLANLAMA İLİŞKİSİ, İZMİT KÖRFEZİ VE BURSA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ ÜZERİNDEN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: DEĞERLİ Burcu , ERBAŞ Adem Erdem
Published: February 2021

Kıyı alanları, sunduğu fırsatlar ile insanoğlu için her zaman vazgeçilmez bir yer olmuştur. Beşeri faaliyetler için sosyal ve ekonomik anlamlar içeren kıyı alanlarının, kaynakların hızla tüketilmesinden dolayı büyük baskılara maruz kalmış ve sürdürülebilirlikleri tehlike altına girmiştir. Kıyı alanlarının sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanabilmesi için mekânsal planlamanın yanı sıra çevresel, ekonomik ve toplumsal boyutların holistik bir yaklaşımla ele alındığı, iyi organize edilmiş bir bütünleşik kıyı alanları yönetimine de ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışma kapsamında İzmit Körfezi ve Bursa İli Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Planları üzerinden Türkiye’de bütünleşik kıyı alanları planları ve mekânsal planlama ilişkisi bütünleşik kıyı alanları yönetimi ilkeleri çerçevesinde karşılaştırmalı bir tablo şeklinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda antropojenik etkilerin yoğun yaşandığı İzmit Körfezi ve Bursa ili bütünleşik kıyı alanları planlarında, sadece kara bölümleri için kararlar geliştirildiği, deniz bölümleri için sucul ekosistem ve su kaynakları yönetimine ilişkin hükümlerin bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Kıyı alanlarında yetki ve sorumluluğu olan kurumlar ve idareler ile kıyıda faaliyet gösteren sektörler arası uyum ve eşgüdüme yönelik yönetim modelinin oluşturulması için süreçte yer alan aktörlerin öncelikle farkındalığı sağlanmalıdır.
FREE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND RECOGNITION OF SAME-SEX MARRIAGES ON THE EXAMPLE OF POLAND, IRELAND AND FRANCE
Authors: BICZ Karolina
Published: February 2021

The article presents the issue of the free movement of persons in the European Union in the field of same-sex marriage rights, taking into account comparative elements. The research presents provisions of the European Union, as well as internal regulations in force in France, Ireland and Poland. The article discusses the approach to the analysed issue at the level of EU regulations and internal regulations of the examined Member States. Moreover, the interaction between EU and national regulations is an important research point. Besides the article shows case variants concerning the recognition of same-sex relationships due to the legal and ideological conditions in the analysed countries Also, the article analyses the impact and importance of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights for the studied topic. In addition, the study takes into consideration the impact of constitutional provisions on the legalization of homosexual couples in the analysed countries. The article is divided into parts covering the following issues: free movement of persons in the European Union, the right to family reunification of European Union citizens, relations between European Union law and the internal law of the Member States, recognition of same-sex marriages in France, Ireland and Poland, and summary. The opinions of A. Tryfonidou, H. Verschueren, P. Tulea and M. Bell were included in the study due to their importance to the research are.
Caso clínico: Supervivencia a Covid-19 de un paciente vulnerable
Authors: Minchala-Urgilés Rosa Elvira , Vázquez-Cárdenas Andrés Leonardo , López-Solórzano María Eloisa , Estrella-González María de los Ángeles , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Covid-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el coronavirus SARS-Cov2, que afecta a las personas, detectado en diciembre del 2019, en la provincia de Hubei, en China. Es una pandemia que afecta a muchos países de todo el mundo y sobre todo a personas más vulnerables. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de sexo masculino, de 86 años de edad, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo II, obesidad grado II, EPOC, poliglobulia, acude a emergencia por presentar 24 horas antes del ingreso artralgias, disnea de pequeños esfuerzos, hipertermia, hipoxemia severa, mejorando la saturación con 6 a 8 litros de oxígeno. Al examen físico de ingreso, mala mecánica ventilatoria, con disociación toracoabdominal respiratoria, PAFI: 104, por lo que se procede a intubación rápida e ingreso a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, toma de muestra para prueba rápida de Covid, dando IGG, IGM positivo. Permanece intubado por 9 días, es dado alta a hospitalización, donde se mantiene con apoyo de oxígeno por 12 días, más tratamiento farmacológico, recibe alta médica con medidas de aislamiento, fármacos, oxigenoterapia y educación en autocuidados. CONCLUSIÓN: se trata de un caso de supervivencia a covid-19 de un paciente adulto mayor, vulnerable, que fue tratado en la Unidad de cuidados intensivos, con ventilación mecánica, posterior a hospitalización y luego a domicilio, recibe educación sobre el manejo de aislamiento, medidas de protección, seguimiento epidemiológico y el autocontrol de la diabetes, hipertensión y medidas higiénico dietéticas. Se da seguimiento al caso y el paciente se encuentra en mejores condiciones.