bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Venous thromboembolism and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hip fractures suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review
Authors: Koutalos Antonios A , Ntalouka Maria P , Angelis Fragkiskos A , Hantes Michael , Arnaoutoglou Eleni
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Hip fractures represent 1 of the most common injuries in older adults. They are associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality. Additionally, current research suggests that SARS-COV-2 infection may worsen the prognosis of the hip fracture patients who undergo hip fixation. The aims of the present study were: (1) to determine the rate of specific adverse events including VTE (venous thromboembolism) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with hip fracture and concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing surgery; and (2) to examine if the aforementioned population is at increased risk for VTE and MACEs, when compared to SARS-CoV-2 free patients with hip fracture.

Methods:

PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google scholar and medRxiv were searched from March 2020 to January 2021 for English language studies with patients suffering from hip fractures and SARS-COV-2 -CoV-2. 2 researchers were involved in the data extraction and the quality assessment of the studies respectively.

Results:

The literature search yielded a total of 1256 articles of which 14 were included in the systematic review and 7 in the meta-analysis respectively. The estimated pooled rate for VTE and MACE were 4.3% and 6.3% respectively. Patients with hip fracture and concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection who undergo surgery are at increased risk for VTE, when compared to SARS-CoV-2 free patients (odds ratio 2.8 [95% CI, 1.1–7.1]). These patients are also at increased risk for MACE postoperatively as indicated by the odds ratio 2.4 (95% CI, 1.0–5.8). The quality of the studies was moderate.

Conclusions:

Although there is a lack of high-quality data it seems that patients with hip fractures and concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection are facing a 2.8 and 2.4 times increased risk for VTE and MACE.
The effect of transilluminator device on successful peripheral venous catheter placement in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Firooz Mahbobeh , Karkhah Samad , Hosseini Seyed Javad
Published: October 2022

Peripheral venous catheter placement (PVCP) is difficult for children due to the small diameter of their veins in adipose tissue. The transilluminator device (TD) is proposed as the effective method for PVCP. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of TD on first attempt success rate (FASR), mean the number of attempts (MNA), and mean duration of successful PVC placement (MDSPP) in children. In a systematic review and meta-analysis, an extensive search of online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of sciences, Cochrane, Clinical trial.gov, ProQuest, and Google scholar search engine was conducted. Keywords were combined and searched from the earliest records up to December 2021. The current meta-analysis was performed using STATA V.14.0 software. Six studies (four RCTs and two non-RCTs design) were included in the present meta-analysis. Analysis showed using of TD significantly led to FASR to 34% in studies with RCTs design (RR = 1.34; CI = 1.18–1.53) although, non-RCT studies did not indicate it (RR: 0.95; CI = 0.50–1.79). Also, one RCT (WMD = −0.24; CI = −0.4 −0.08) and two non-RCTs 0.05 (WMD = −0.05; 95% CI = −0.46–0.37) reported the MNA. Two RCTs (WMD: −24.30; CI = −53.50–4.89) and one non-RCT (WMD: −295.20; CI = −359.34 to −231.06) found TD decreased MDSSP. RCTs and non-RCTs studies showed different results in terms of some outcomes. Based on the results of four RCTs studies, the use of TD significantly increased the FASR of PVCP. The results of two non-RCTs also showed TD insignificantly decreased the FASR of PVCP. More evidence (RCT design) is required for decision-making about the effectiveness of TD on successful PVCP.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Situ of the Nail Unit: Current Evidence and Recommendations for Patient Centered Treatment
Authors: Barone Hope , Schaeffer Madeline , Buckland Molly , LaFond Ann Ammond , Krach Kent
Published: October 2022

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the hand and nail is an infrequent tumor but represents the majority of hand and nail malignancies. While the conventional treatments of invasive nail unit squamous cell carcinoma include Mohs micrographic surgery, wide local excision, or distal digit amputation, no standardized management paradigm for in situ disease exists and the necessity of surgical options is debated. This review aims to discuss the most commonly reported treatment methods and critically assess relevant management considerations in order to facilitate appropriate treatment decisions for nail unit SCCis across dermatologic practice settings. Assessment of the current literature reveals insufficient evidence to determine a standardized treatment for nail unit squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Rather, management is greatly impacted by multiple factors including the presence of subungual involvement, surgical candidacy, importance of curative treatment, and patient preferences regarding cosmesis and function versus cure. When cure is desired, Mohs micrographic surgery is the treatment of choice in most cases. In the setting of desired curative intent, but poor surgical candidacy, radiotherapy may be effective and provide a reasonable chance of functional and cosmetic preservation. Other methods including photodynamic therapy, electrodesiccation and curettage, cryotherapy, and intralesional chemotherapeutics may be appropriate in specific circumstances, but are generally limited by lack of evidence or impracticalities. Lastly, observation with palliation may be appropriate when considering exceedingly rare disease-related mortality.
Swiping as a Single Mom: A First Look at the Experiences of Single Mothers Who Use Tinder
Authors: Stoicescu Maria , Rughiniș Cosima
Published: October 2022

Single mothers who wish to find new dating partners must contend with a lack of free time and the demands of parenting. As online dating has become a more socially acceptable way to access social, romantic, and sexual opportunities, many single mothers are now considering the use of dating apps to pursue their goals. In this article, we explored the vocabularies of motive of single mothers who used the dating app Tinder. For this purpose, we applied the foundational theory of situated action and vocabularies of motive advanced by Mills, which explains how individuals justify their questioned choices and actions in relation to their identities and social contexts. We based our analysis on seven semi-structured interviews with single mothers and seven published accounts of single mothers’ online dating experiences. We identified four vocabularies of motive: (1) freedom and liberation; (2) entertainment; (3) cultivation of eroticism, intimacy, and a desired identity; and (4) temporal justifications. Based on our results, we determined that Tinder appeals to single mothers because of its popularity, potential for experimentation, and swift temporality, which allows these women to quickly access opportunities and synchronize complicated schedules.
Full bridge analysis of nonlinear vortex-induced vibration considering incomplete span-wise correlation of vortex-induced force
Authors: Zhu Le-Dong , Meng Xiao-Liang , Tan Zhongxu , Zhu Qing
Published: October 2022

Responses of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of long-span bridges are commonly measured at first via wind tunnel tests of sectional model and then converted to the prototype ones of the corresponding full bridges by some approximate formulae. In this paper, a time-domain full bridge analysis method was presented for predicting nonlinear VIV responses mode-by-mode based on a polynomial type of nonlinear mathematical model of vortex-induced force (VIF) on bridge deck cross section. In this method, the motion-dependant self-excited force (SEF) components of VIF were regarded as fully correlated span-wise in the case of smooth flow, while the motion-independent harmonic pure vortex-shedding force (PVSF) component of VIF was regarded as incompletely correlated along the bridge span. To take into account the incomplete span-wise correlation of PVSF, an equivalent generalized PVSF including the effect of the incomplete span-wise correlation of PVSF was defined by using a span-wise correlation coefficient of PVSF which could be obtained through a sectional model wind tunnel test of simultaneous pressure measurement. As an application example, the VIV responses of 12 vertical modes of a steel box deck cable stayed bridge with a main span of 688 m were analysed, and were compared with those converted with two approximate converting formulae, respectively, based on Scanlan’s linear and nonlinear mathematical model of VIF. It is found that the influence of the incomplete span-wise correlation of PVSF on the bridge VIV response is very small and can then be ignored.
Analytical modeling of the virtual sound insulation measurement suite and research on sound insulation test methods
Authors: Wang Gang , Sheng Zhehao , Kong Deyu , Zhang Yongfeng , Ni Junfang , Li Wenlong
Published: October 2022

With the development of modern industrial technology, it is an essential problem to calculate the noise reduction performance of the flexible partition walls. The sound insulation measurement model is modeled by the Spectral geometry method (SGM). Compared with the traditional ones, it is a method with higher calculation accuracy and faster convergence speed. The displacement of the panel and the sound pressure field inside the rooms are expressed as Fourier series with additional items. In order to simulate the real measurement environment, the sound source room and the receiving room are set as a reverberation chamber and an anechoic chamber with impedance boundaries, respectively. The coupling relationship is established by the Hamilton’s principle. Then the natural frequencies and the sound pressure level are compared with those derived by the finite element method (FEM). The results show that the analytical method has good accuracy and convergence. Moreover, the sound transmission loss (STL) of the partition could be obtained by the sound pressure method. Considering there is no accurate method for measuring the STL, this paper studies some factors affecting the sound insulation performance of the model by the parametric analysis method, such as the thickness of the panel, the length of the receiving room, the impedance of the receiving room and the parameters of medium.
Deconvolution beamforming based on a fast gradient algorithm for sound source localization
Authors: Zan Ming , Xu Zhongming , Zhang Zhifei , Tang Zhonghua , Huang Linsen
Published: October 2022

Deconvolution beamforming has gotten increased attention as a way to improve the spatial resolution of delay-and-sum beamforming. It has the ability to decrease sidelobes and increase resolution. However, compared to conventional beamforming, the extra computation of the deconvolution method is a drawback. A more efficient approach is developed to improve the computing speed of the deconvolution method. Specifically, when tackling deconvolution problems, this method improves computational performance by combining Fourier operation with a fast gradient algorithm called the double momentum gradient algorithm. We compare the proposed method with two known effective deconvolution methods, namely the fast Fourier transform non-negative least squares algorithm and the fast iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm. The results of simulation and experiment reveal that the proposed method tends to give a better spatial resolution within a short computational time and is more suitable for engineering applications.
Fracture prediction of AA6061-T6 sheet in bending process using Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model
Authors: Khademi Maziar , Naeini Hassan Moslemi , Mirnia Mohammad Javad , Kasaei Mohammad Mehdi , da Silva Lucas FM
Published: October 2022

Fracture is one of the limiting factors of sheet metal forming processes. For this reason, finite element simulations are widely used for providing suitable forming approaches. However, the success of these approaches depends on the correct modeling of fracture in the simulations. In this paper, the fracture behavior of the Aluminum 6061-T6 sheet in the U-bending process is investigated by applying the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model. For this purpose, the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model is defined in the ABAQUS software by means of a proper subroutine. The Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model is also modified to take into account the anisotropy effect on the yield surface and the damage evolution due to shear stresses. Then, the proposed models are calibrated using the inverse analysis method based on tension tests with different stress states. The deformation mechanics analysis reveals that considering the normalized Lode angle parameter in the damage function increases the accuracy of fracture prediction, especially in low-stress triaxiality. Comparing the predicted fracture displacements with the experimental value in the U-bending process shows that the modified Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model calibrated by the uniaxial tension and in-plane shear tension tests can predict the onset of fracture with acceptable accuracy in the bending process while the original Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman should be calibrated by a test with stress state close to that in the bending area to have such a result.
Transnational Giving and Evolving Religious, Ethnic and Political Formations in the Global South
Authors: Roohi Sanam , Larouche Catherine , Vevaina Leilah
Published: October 2022

Conceptualising giving as a broad category encompassing philanthropy, charity, humanitarian aid and gifts, this Special Issue brings together researchers whose ethnographic and theoretical work examine different forms of transnational giving in the historical and contemporary Global South. In this Issue we contend that the Global South should not be seen as a passive recipient of these transnational welfare-oriented giving but as the site where their full social and religious meanings and moral obligations are actively realised or constructed. Through nuanced ethnographic and multi-sited research across Asia, Africa, and North America, articles in this Issue explore how the transnational scale of operability attaches newer meanings to belonging even as it shapes the subjectivities of actors and communities (givers and receivers) partaking in this process. We explore how gifts travel spatially and histories of transnational giving have contributed to the framing of communal histories, cementing of global connections and the creation of relationships of dependency as well as forging of new transnational solidarities. Moreover, we investigate how transnational giving also inflects the relationship between citizens and the state and (re)shapes national political communities.
Crack detection based on deep learning: a method for evaluating the object detection networks considering the random fractal of crack
Authors: Li Hongyu , Wang Chunming , Wang Jihe , Zhang Yu
Published: October 2022

The visual test for cracks is a tough work for human eyes. With the help of cameras, methods for object detection based on deep learning can detect the cracks automatically from digital images. However, an anomaly is observed that the models for crack detection are obviously underestimated by the widely used mean Average Precision (mAP) standard. In this study, by theoretical analyses about the topology of cracks, we attribute the failure of mAP standard to the random fractal feature. More deeply, this issue is due to the strict box matching during the calculation. To solve this problem, we construct a practical fractal-available evaluation method adopting the idea of covering box matching. Several metrics including Extended Recall (XR), Extended Precision (XP), and Extended F-score ( Fext) are defined for scoring the crack detectors. Then, we conduct experiments on several mainstream models for object detection. Results show two advantages of the proposed evaluation method: (1) the proposed metrics evaluate cases better; (2) the proposed evaluation is non-maximum suppression-unrelated. Moreover, we present a case study to optimize a faster region-based convolutional neural networks model for crack detection adopting the proposed metrics. Recall (represented by the XR) of our best model achieves an industrial-level at 95.8%. These results denote that the proposed evaluation method removes the obstacle in evaluating the methods for object detection for cracks, which show great potential for automatic industrial inspections.
Effect of palmyra sprout fiber and biosilica on mechanical, wear, thermal and hydrophobic behavior of epoxy resin composite
Authors: Alshahrani Hassan , Pathinettampadian Gurusamy , Gujba Abdullahi K , Prakash Vincent Rethnam Arun
Published: October 2022

In this study, natural fiber epoxy composites were prepared using palmyra sprout fiber and red matta rice husk ash(RHA) biosilica. This paper mainly aims to investigate the mechanical, wear resistance, thermal stability as well as water absorption behaviour of naturally obtained novel fiber with red matta biosilica in epoxy based composites. The fiber’s surface was treated by base, while the biosilica particles were treated by amino-silane. The composites were fabricated by hand lay-up process and characterized based on ASTM standards. According to the results the highest tensile and flexural strength observed for the composite is about 147 MPa and 211 MPa for 3 vol. % of biosilica with 30 vol. % of fiber. Izod impact toughness reveals the maximum impact resistance up to 5.82 J. Increment in reinforcement vol. % shows increased hardness. Wear properties represents the composite designations EPB3 retains good wear resistances for 3 vol. % of biosilica. Similarly, thermal stability improved by the addition of biosilica of 3 vol. %. Water absorption results reveal that, the addition of reinforcements marginally affects the contact angle. Such mechanically improved, wear resistible and thermally stable natural composites could be used in automotives, industrial and defense applications as well as in household appliances.
Forecasting Institutional LINAC Utilization in Response to Varying Workload
Authors: Raman Srinivas , Jia Fan , Liu Zhihui , Wenz Julie , Carter Michael , Dickie Colleen , Liu Fei-Fei , Letourneau Daniel
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesPandemics, natural disasters, and other unforeseen circumstances can cause short-term variation in radiotherapy utilization. In this study, we aim to develop a model to forecast linear accelerator (LINAC) utilization during periods of varying workloads. Methods: Using computed tomography (CT)-simulation data and the rate of new LINAC appointment bookings in the preceding week as input parameters, a multiple linear regression model to forecast LINAC utilization over a 15-working day horizon was developed and tested on institutional data. Results: Future LINAC utilization was estimated in our training dataset with a forecasting error of 3.3%, 5.9%, and 7.2% on days 5, 10, and 15, respectively. The model identified significant variations (≥5% absolute differences) in LINAC utilization with an accuracy of 69%, 62%, and 60% on days 5, 10, and 15, respectively. The results were similar in the validation dataset with forecasting errors of 3.4%, 5.3%, and 6.2% and accuracy of 67%, 60%, and 58% on days 5, 10, and 15, respectively. These results compared favorably to moving average and exponential smoothing forecasting techniques. Conclusions: The developed linear regression model was able to accurately forecast future LINAC utilization based on LINAC booking rate and CT simulation data, and has been incorporated into our institutional dashboard for broad distribution. Advances in knowledge: Our proposed linear regression model is a practical and intuitive approach to forecasting short-term LINAC utilization, which can be used for resource planning and allocation during periods with varying LINAC workloads.
Leadership and Learning at Work: A Systematic Literature Review of Learning-oriented Leadership
Authors: Lundqvist Daniel , Wallo Andreas , Coetzer Alan , Kock Henrik
Published: October 2022

Contemporary organizations must be adaptive and agile as the environment changes. To respond to change, leaders must find ways of integrating learning into everyday work experiences. This invites the question: how do leaders facilitate individual, group and organizational learning? Several studies have examined relationships among leadership and learning and potential mediating and moderating variables. However, because this literature is extensive and fragmented it is difficult to discern what is known about how leadership contributes to individual, group and organizational learning. Accordingly, there is a pressing need to assemble and evaluate the existing studies. To address this limitation of the literature, this paper presents a systematic review and critique of literature in this field. Our review of 105 studies suggests that there are statistically significant relationships between different types of leadership and learning at the individual, group, and organizational levels. Furthermore, the findings indicate that these relationships are often mediated by other variables. However, little is known about moderators and boundary conditions. Based on the findings, it would be premature to say with certainty that leadership causally influences learning, since the empirical basis for such a claim is lacking. We outline the conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and empirical refinements needed to guide future research on learning-oriented leadership and advance this research trajectory. The findings of our review and our conclusions will be informative for researchers and practitioners.
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome with Super-K (Ketamine) for Super-R(efractory) Status Epilepticus: A Case Report
Authors: Natteru Prashant A. , Jayaram Shoba , Sanchez Oriana , Leon Kyla , Mishra Aditi , Nobleza Christa O’Hana
Published: October 2022

Refractory status epilepticus is commonly defined as status epilepticus that fails to respond to two or more appropriately dosed intravenous anti-seizure medications including at least one non-benzodiazepine drug. Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is when status epilepticus continues for ≥24 h despite anesthetic treatment or recurs on an attempted wean of the anesthetic drugs. There is little evidence to guide the management of SRSE. Of late, unconventional therapies have been described in the literature regarding the management of SRSE, with ketamine leading the pack. Studies have noted ketamine's therapeutic efficacy up to 91% in SRSE cessation. Common side effects of ketamine include nausea, vomiting, headache, and hallucinations; but to our knowledge, ketamine has not been implicated in the pathogenesis of abdominal compartment syndrome. We describe a 74-year-old male who developed severe abdominal compartment syndrome in the setting of ketamine infusion for new-onset SRSE to increase awareness about this potential complication.
Distal radial artery approach is safe and effective for cerebral angiography and neuroendovascular treatment: A single-center experience with ultrasonographic measurement
Authors: Umekawa Motoyuki , Koizumi Satoshi , Ohara Kenta , Ishigami Daiichiro , Miyawaki Satoru , Saito Nobuhito
Published: October 2022

Background

The transradial artery approach to cerebral angiography can reduce both patient stress following examination and the risk of major complications due to hematoma. Recently, the distal radial artery approach (DRA) has garnered attention in cardiology as a minimally invasive method. DRA is also considered applicable to neurosurgery, although concerns about procedural difficulty and complications persist. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the DRA in cerebral angiography and neuroendovascular treatment.

Methods

We retrospectively selected 30 consecutive patients for whom the DRA was attempted for cerebral angiography at our hospital. The patients’ age, sex, height, weight, and medical history information was collected and correlated with successful puncture and complications. The diameter of the distal radial artery (RA) was measured using ultrasonography.

Results

The median patient age was 67 years (range, 32–87 years) and 21 (70%) were men. The median diameter of the distal RA was 2.3 mm (range, 1.7–3.2 mm). Distal RA puncture was successful in 23 patients (77%) and no complications were noted; however there was no significant correlation between successful puncture and any of the patient factors. Carotid artery stenting and preoperative tumor embolization were performed via DRA in six and three cases, respectively. Although puncture site hematoma occurred in only one case, all treatments were successful, and no major complications were observed.

Conclusion

DRA can be safely used for cerebral angiography and neuroendovascular treatment.
Research on a lightweight unmanned sightseeing vehicle frame based on multi-condition and multi-objective optimization
Authors: Tang Pei , Yang Ruiqi , Ni Xiaohua , Zhao Haojie , Xu Fei
Published: October 2022

A design method for a lightweight unmanned sightseeing vehicle frame was proposed based on multi-condition and multi-objective optimization to improve the vehicle’s range and reduce its production cost. First, a finite element model of the frame is established, and its static and dynamic characteristics are analyzed. Then, the wall thickness of the middle beam of the frame was selected as the design variable, and its sensitivity was analyzed. Sample points were generated from the design variables using the Latin hypercube sampling method, and the corresponding response values of the sample points were calculated. A Kriging approximation model was established using the sample points and response values and replaced the actual model for optimization. Finally, a multi-condition and multi-objective optimization mathematical model of the frame was established with the minimum mass, maximum first-order natural frequency, and the minimum stresses under full load bending and torsion conditions as the objectives. The multi-objective genetic algorithm was used for the lightweight design by comparing the fuzzy matter element and analytic hierarchy process methods to select the optimal design and to verify the rationality of the final design scheme. The results show that this method results in an optimized frame meeting the strength requirements under various working conditions and reducing the frame mass by 5.4%.
Head teacher and government officials’ perceptions of teaching quality in secondary education in Rwanda
Authors: Carter Emma , Hategeka Kangabe Bélise , Singal Nidhi
Published: October 2022

The improvement of teaching quality within secondary schooling has been a core focus within Rwandan educational reforms. Despite this emphasis, efforts towards defining this construct have been minimal, particularly amongst head teachers and government officials who often hold responsibilities in monitoring, evaluating and guiding teaching improvements. To address this gap, this study aimed to shed light on these stakeholders’ perceptions of teaching quality, the extent of alignment between their views and the degree to which they reflected earlier teacher conceptions. Data from this study drew upon semi-structured interviews with 5 head teachers and 11 government officials from three Rwandan districts. Using constant comparison analysis, findings revealed that strong agreement exists between perceptions of stakeholder groups, as evidenced by a shared recognition that teaching inputs, processes and outcomes are vital components of the teaching quality construct. Key differences that emerged included recognition of the impact of external factors on teaching quality and their greater focus on the importance of inclusion compared with teachers. The results suggest a need for greater emphasis on these factors within initiatives focused on improving teaching to better align the expectations of stakeholders concerning teaching quality. These results have implications for policy and for the evaluation and professional development of teachers.
Current management of coronary artery disease prior to vascular surgery: A clinical dilemma
Authors: Kassab Kameel , Saltiel Frank
Published: October 2022

Here we present a case of an elderly man who underwent cardiac stress testing as a preoperative evaluation prior to femoral-popliteal bypass surgery. He subsequently underwent a preoperative coronary angiogram after a high-risk stress test with the latter demonstrating obstructive three-vessel coronary artery disease. We discuss the clinical challenges that such a common clinical scenario presents particularly when it comes to preoperative coronary revascularisation prior to vascular surgery. We examine the case within the framework of the latest revascularisation guidelines and discuss the available evidence for preoperative revascularisation and its limitations.
Sleep disorders
Authors: Strickland Serena Rose
Published: October 2022

We spend one third of our lives asleep. Difficulty sleeping, poor quality sleep and lack of sleep can impact our physical, psychological and social well-being. Inadequate sleep is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity and diabetes. Sleep deprivation can affect drivers and impact on road safety. It is therefore important that sleep problems are diagnosed and treated appropriately. This article considers the pathophysiology of common sleep disorders, presentation in primary care, how GPs can treat some common sleep problems and indications for referral.
Rapid extraction of propeller geometry using photogrammetry
Authors: Tang Ellande , Chung Soon-Jo
Published: October 2022

As small Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (sUAS) increase in popularity, computational analysis is increasingly being used to model and improve their performance. However, although propeller performance is one of the primary elements in modelling an aircraft, most manufacturers of propellers for this size of vehicle do not publish geometric information for the propeller. The lack of available geometric data makes simulation of propeller aerodynamics challenging. While techniques exist to accurately extract the 3D geometry of a propeller, these methods are often very expensive, time-consuming, or labor intensive. Additionally, typical 3D scanning techniques produce a 3D mesh that is not useful for techniques such as Blade Element Theory (BET), which rely on knowledge of the 2D cross sections along the propeller span. This paper describes a novel workflow to produce point clouds using readily available photo equipment and software and subsequently extract airfoil and propeller blade parameters at specified stations along the propeller span. The described process can be done with little theoretical knowledge of photogrammetry and with minimal human input. The propeller geometry generated is compared against results of established methods of geometry extraction and good agreement is shown.
Building better pediatric surgeons: A sentiment analysis of online physician review websites
Authors: Butler Liam R , Tang Justin E , Hess Skylar M , White Christopher A , Arvind Varun , Kim Jun S , Allen Abigail K , Ranade Sheena C
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Physician review websites are a heavily utilized patient tool for finding, rating, and reviewing surgeons. Natural language processing such as sentiment analysis provides a comprehensive approach to better understand the nuances of patient perception. This study utilizes sentiment analysis to examine how specific patient sentiments correspond to positive and negative experiences in online reviews of pediatric orthopedic surgeons.

Methods:

The online written reviews and star ratings of pediatric surgeons belonging to the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America were obtained from healthgrades.com . A sentiment analysis package obtained compound scores of each surgeon’s reviews. Inferential statistics analyzed relationships between demographic variables and star/sentiment scores. Word frequency analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed on key terms.

Results:

A total of 749 pediatric surgeons (3830 total online reviews) were included. 80.8% were males and 33.8% were below 50 years of age. Male surgeons and younger surgeons had higher mean star ratings. Surgeon attributes including “confident” (p < 0.01) and “comfortable” (p < 0.01) improved the odds of positive reviews, while “rude” (p < 0.01) and “unprofessional” (p < 0.01) decreased these odds. Comments regarding “pain” lowered the odds of positive reviews (p < 0.01), whereas “pain-free” increased these odds (p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Pediatric surgeons who were younger, communicated effectively, eased pain, and curated a welcoming office setting were more likely to receive positively written online reviews. This suggests that a spectrum of interpersonal and ancillary factors impact patient experience and perceptions beyond surgical skill. These outcomes can advise pediatric surgeons on behavioral and office qualities that patients and families prioritize when rating/recommending surgeons online.

Level of evidence:

IV
In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of the Antimalarial Activities of Kniphofia reflexa Hutchinson ex Codd
Authors: Sema Denis Kehdinga , Lannang Alain Meli , Zofou Denis , ur-Rehman Mujeeb- , Fung Tegha Hycienth , Tsague Tankeu Virginie Flaure , Wansi Jean Duplex , Sewald Norbert , Choudhary M. Iqbal
Published: October 2022

In a phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Kniphofia reflexa, an endemic plant used to treat relapsing fevers in Kejom, northwestern Cameroon, 12 known (1-12) compounds were obtained following chromatographic methods and purification, together with 3 new derivatives (13-15) prepared by acetylation. One-dimensional and 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies together with infrared and ultraviolet spectral analyses in association with data found in the literature were used to determine the structure of the compounds. In the in vitro evaluation of compounds 1-9, 12-14, and the crude extract against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains, cassiamin C (1) [IC50 0.57 ± 0.54 (D6); 0.78 ± 0.08 (W2)], and crude extract [IC50 1.06 ± 0.22 (D6); 1.08 ± 0.12 (W2)] were highly active against the parasites. Kniphofiarexine (12) was inactive. However, its derivative, kniphofiarexine B (14), was moderately active. In the in vivo studies, the extract suppressed Plasmodium berghei growth, but did not clear completely the parasites.
RNA Sequencing and Gene Ontology Analysis in Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
Authors: David Abel P. , Loftus Patricia A. , Russell Matthew S. , Goldberg Andrew N. , El-Sayed Ivan H. , Jan Taha A. , Roland Lauren T.
Published: October 2022

Background

Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is an aggressive and dangerous disease of the paranasal sinuses with high morbidity and mortality. The immune response at the level of the nasal mucosa, the site of entry, has not been previously evaluated.

Objective

To evaluate differential gene expression in the sinonasal mucosa of AIFS patients as compared to control patients using RNA sequencing.

Methods

Sinonasal tissue samples were prospectively obtained from consenting patients undergoing surgery between November, 2020 and November, 2021. RNA extraction and sequencing were performed and differential expression was analyzed to detect transcriptional differences between patient groups.

Results

Tissue samples were collected from 4 patients with active AIFS diagnoses, 2 patients with recovered AIFS, 1 patient with a diagnosis of non-invasive fungal ball, and 4 healthy controls. 255 genes were differentially expressed in AIFS patients as compared to control patients. Specific Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes that were identified as differentially expressed in AIFS patients as compared to controls included the following: 1. GO:0007155 (cell adhesion), 2. GO:0030199 (collagen fibril organization) and 3. GO:0001525 (angiogenesis).

Conclusion

Transcriptional differences were noted between AIFS and control patients in sinonasal tissue samples. Future work is necessary to determine causes of the differential gene expressions between AIFS and control patients, specifically those who are immunosuppressed, or with preexisting non-invasive forms of fungal sinusitis, to guide treatment and prevention strategies.
Finally, some “me time”: A new theoretical perspective on the benefits of commuting
Authors: Pindek Shani , Shen Winny , Andel Stephanie
Published: October 2022

Most research on commuting has focused on its negative aspects and consequences (i.e., stress). However, some work has also begun to recognize that there may be positive aspects to commuting. In this paper, we develop a perspective that has so far received limited attention, highlighting how the commute can be experienced as desired and beneficial “me time”, due to the fact that it inhabits a “third space” that is less associated with work or home role requirements. Drawing upon and integrating theories and research on commuting, leisure, recovery, and identity, we first define this construct and then develop a theoretical model that aims to address key questions regarding predicting motivation to engage in “me time”, beneficial outcomes of “me time”, and potential moderators of these effects. Consequently, our proposed model offers both research and practical implications for commuting employees as well as their employers, families, and society.

Plain Language Summary

The majority of research on commuting has focused on its negative aspects and consequences (i.e., stress). However, increasingly, some work has also begun to recognize that there may be some positive aspects of commuting. Despite some scholars acknowledging the potential benefits of commuting, most still conceptualize the commute as simply a necessary transition between domains (i.e., work and home). In this paper, we seek to bring a new perspective to the literature, highlighting how the commute can be experienced as desired “time to myself”. We therefore develop a theoretical model that aims to address key questions surrounding this phenomenon, including what is “me time” during the commute, who is more likely to uses the commute for “me time”, what are the situational factors that facilitate or inhibit choosing “me time”, what positive outcomes can be expected when engaging in “me time”, and what conditions are likely to affect this process. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms for this process. As a result, our proposed model presents both research and practical implications for commuting employees as well as their employers, families, and society.
Study on dynamic response and safety control of reinforced concrete rigid frame structure under foundation pit blasting
Authors: Zhang Shuoyan , Zhou Chuanbo
Published: October 2022

Subway station is usually located in the dense area of urban buildings (structures). The blasting construction of subway station foundation pit is bound to have adverse effects on adjacent buildings (structures). Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic response of the building (structure) and propose the safety threshold of vibration velocity. Based on the foundation pit blasting project of Hejialong Station of Wuhan Rail Transit Line 12, the vibration monitoring of the field blasting test is carried out. Combined with LS-DYNA numerical simulation software, the dynamic response characteristics of a reinforced concrete rigid frame natatorium near the foundation pit are studied, and safety thresholds for structural vibration velocities are derived. It is worth noting that the structure is a large span reinforced concrete rigid frame structure, which is different from the general reinforced concrete frame structure. The safe allowable vibration velocity in the specification is not fully applicable to the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the dynamic response of the structure under the blasting effect and propose the safety threshold of structural vibration velocity, which can provide reference for the subsequent foundation blasting. The results are as follows: Blasting seismic waves in different propagation media, their energy attenuation is different. By analyzing the vibration velocity of reinforced concrete rigid frame structures, it is found that the high-level amplification effect occurred at specific height range. In addition, the vibration velocity changes abruptly at the parts where the shape and dimensions of the rigid frame cross-section change. The peak vibration velocity and the maximum principal stress of the concrete elements were statistically analyzed to obtain the linear relationship equation, and the vibration velocity safety control threshold of the structure was predicted to be V = 5.089 cm/s.
The forgotten affective route of social cognition in patients with bipolar disorders
Authors: Ríos Ulises , Arancibia Marcelo , Jiménez Juan Pablo , Bermpohl Felix
Published: October 2022

Social cognition (SC) research in bipolar disorders (BD) has provided evidence about deficits in different phases of the illness. Most of the studies have focused on two aspects of SC: theory of mind and emotion recognition. However, according to influential models of social neuroscience, two aspects of understanding others need to be distinguished: the cognitive (theory of mind and emotion recognition) and the affective route (empathy and compassion) of SC. We aimed to determine whether individuals with BD significantly differ from healthy controls on measures of the affective route of SC according to the available evidence. We conduct a narrative review of original research based on a social neuroscience model of SC. BD is associated with alterations of the affective route of SC during acute episodes and remission. During mania and subthreshold depression, an increase in empathy (“over-empathizing”) and discomfort (empathy) has been reported, respectively. A pattern of high empathic distress and low compassion appears during remission. This article is the first to review the evidence on the affective route of SC in BD, revealing trait and state alterations. We emphasize the need to consider this affective dimension of SC in future research, to design more specific interventions in BD patients.
Business intelligence and analytics: The case of human resource management decisions
Authors: Awirotananon Chuan , Vonglertvit Patarapon , Chongwatpol Jongsawas
Published: October 2022

This case is designed to illustrate the conceptual foundations of business intelligence (BI) and business analytics (BA); thus, analysts can develop an understanding of how to utilize the BI & BA framework to make proper decisions in human resource recruitment. The case starts when Roger, the HR General Manager of Ford Motor Company Thailand, and his team decided to develop a BI-based integrated Team Leader Recruitment System for not only selecting the right candidates for the job but developing them into great team leaders for Ford production line as well. The team started discussing its current evaluation criteria, such as the score from its production system exam, the results of a case study and roleplay exam, and the final interview score, and then dove into more factors that helped create insights into the value of Ford employees. Employee Lifetime Value (ELTV) was then introduced, along with some other factors such as IQ and EQ scores and Myers Briggs Psychological Type Indicator (MBTI) scores. Finally, the team developed a BI dashboard that gathered all relevant factors to evaluate its final five candidates: Tom, James, Andy, Jonas, and Tony. The dashboard also displayed each candidate’s individual KPIs and the departmental and corporate KPIs they contributed to. Indexes measuring the candidate’s job satisfaction, workplace culture, and leadership and teamwork skills were also included as important factors for selecting the right candidates.
Exploring low-income migrant workers’ health information-seeking behavior during COVID-19 in Taiwan: A qualitative study
Authors: Lee Tuan-he , Jarupreechachan Weerachaya , Tseng Yuan-Chi
Published: October 2022

Background

COVID-19 pandemic is reported to exacerbate existing vulnerabilities of marginalized groups, and the lack of self-care can lead to the spread of the virus across society. Therefore, effective responses to the challenges imposed by the health crisis should consider the health information needs of migrant workers.

Objective

We aimed to explore how migrant low-income workers seek health information and how their health-related information needs were met during a health crisis. We also investigated migrant workers’ preferred information sources and types of content with the theoretical concept of health literacy to understand the development of health competencies among migrant workers.

Methods

We conducted semi-structured interviews with Thai low-income migrant workers. A total of 13 Thai migrant workers participated in the study, among whom five were undocumented. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed with the thematic analysis approach.

Results

Our findings indicated that migrant workers’ health literacy and health information behavior could be improved through technology when facing a health crisis. We found that participants sought health information proactively to reduce their perceived risks. However, there is still space for design to support the ability to process jargon information and apply local policy, such as providing easy-to-understand, accurate, and timely information. The findings of this study provide some insights for the authority and technological design to respond to migrant workers’ health information needs.

Conclusions

This study acknowledges and understands the needs of vulnerable migrant workers in society. The findings of this study provide insights for the authority and technological design to respond to migrant workers’ health information needs. We also outline the areas worth further investigation, such as the communication between information seekers and providers, and the navigation of the healthcare system for migrants in the host country.