bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prescription Pattern of Long Acting Haloperidol in a Tertiary Psychiatric Institution in South India: Ten - Year Retrospective Records Study
Authors: Srinivasaragavan Sudha , P. Poornachandrika , Raghavan Vijaya
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND Long acting antipsychotics injections (LAIs) have proven efficacious with regard to improvement in symptoms, adherence and reduction of caregiver burden. Yet, their prescription pattern is less studied. Hence, the aim of the study was to examine the prescription pattern of a long acting antipsychotic injection, haloperidol, in a large tertiary psychiatry hospital over a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective study design was used to collect data for a time period of 10 years from 2009 – 2018. The data were collected from the hospital records for the total number of persons with mental health disorders used the tertiary center and from the central pharmacy records on the total long acting antipsychotics injection (Haloperidol LAI) dispensed during the study period. RESULTS Despite unchanging patient inflow, there was a decline in utilization of long acting haloperidol injection. The average number of haloperidol units utilized was 1595.5±294.8. The use sloped down from an average of 16 units per 1000 patients per month in 2009 to about 9 units per 1000 patients per month in 2018. CONCLUSION Steady declining pattern in the prescription of LAIs for the management of mental health disorders is observed, even though they are proven to be effective and have ease of use. It is important to explore the reasons and provide education and training for better utilization of LAIs among mental health professionals.
Association Between Built Space and Cognition in Humans: A Scoping Review
Authors: Dave Prachi , Sudha S. , Raghavan Vijaya , Poornachandrika P.
Published: November 2021

Background: Various built environment characteristics have been shown to have varied effects on mental health. There is evidence for a positive relationship between certain BE characteristics and mental disorders. The talk on cognition is inevitable in any argument on mental health. This review looks at various BE characteristics and cognition and their interrelationship. Materials and Methods: A Boolean search of PubMed articles with keywords like ‘built environment’, ‘built spaces’, ‘green spaces’, greenspace,’neighbourhood environment’ and ‘attention’, ‘concentration’, ‘cognition’, ‘cognitive function’ and ‘cognitive disorders’ was carried out and relevant articles were chosen by two individual investigators. Results: 26 articles were chosen for the study, of which 22 were cross-sectional, 1 longitudinal, 1 cohort, 1 retrospective and 1 prospective study. Conclusion: There is a lot of evidence for the positive correlation between green spaces and cognitive performance. Greenness, biodiversity, walkability has been investigated to show a beneficial effect on cognition, especially attention restoration. Longitudinal studies that include persons with comorbidities will help as better evidences for the above positive correlation.
Prevalence and family factors associated with loneliness during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study from South India
Authors: Sanjana G. , Raghavan Vijaya
Published: November 2021

Background: Loneliness can affect anyone at any point in their life. It can be detrimental to the wellbeing and quality of life of individuals and communities. In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, loneliness is considered as a public health crisis. Hence, the objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of loneliness and family related factors associated with loneliness among general population in south India. Materials and Methods: The study employed a crosssectional online survey design. The data was collected in the first phase of the lockdown in 2020 from adults in Southern India. Socio-demographic profile and family related variables were collected using a semistructured proforma. Loneliness was assessed by UCLA loneliness scale. Results: Of 573 total respondents to the survey, aged between 18-65 years, 43% were male and 57% were female. The overall prevalence of loneliness was 63% (358/573). No significant gender differences were observed in the prevalence of loneliness. Family discord was associated with higher rates of loneliness (p less than 0.01). Other factors associated were younger age and being single. Conclusion: Rates of loneliness during the COVID-19 lockdown were high in Southern India. Findings suggest that interventions should prioritize younger people. Increasing social support and improving interpersonal skills, which in turn would help reduce family discord and may reduce the impact of COVID-19 on loneliness.
Prevalence of Physical comorbidities among Long-Term Psychiatric Inpatients: A Single Centre Study from South India
Authors: Narmadha V. , Akshaya A. , Poornachandrika P. , Raghavan Vijaya
Published: November 2021

Background: Physical comorbidities are the most common causes of early mortality among patients with mental disorders. Prevention and early treatment of physical comorbidities would lead to better outcomes. Hence, the aim to the study was to estimate the prevalence of physical health disorders present as comorbidities among long-term stay psychiatric inpatients and to compare the difference in the physical comorbidities among male and female patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at Institute of Mental Health, Madras Medical College, Chennai. It was a descriptive study combining data from clinical files and nursing records related to the physical health of the long-term inpatients. The clinical records of long-term inpatients, defined as the duration of stay in the care facility for more than 5 continuous years between 1stJanuary and 30thJune, 2019 were assessed. Results: The estimated prevalence was74.2% (95% CI: 69.5-78.6) for at least one physical disorder comorbidity and 38.8% (95% CI: 33.8-43.9) had more than one physical comorbidities. Female in-patients have 2.7 times higher risk than males to have diabetes mellitus, hypertension and thyroid disorders. They also have 0.92 times higher risk than males to have anaemia. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of physical comorbidities among long term psychiatric inpatients. Systems for the early detection and better clinical management of these physical comorbidities are essential in any long-term psychiatric facility.
Common sleep disorders in women
Authors:   Virginia Commonwealth University, Mathew Elsa , Fernandez Antony ,   Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Hudgins Leslee E , Raman Shekar
Published: November 2021

Sleep disturbances contribute to a high frequency of mental health and cardiovascular diseases with significant gender differences. Women have a higher incidence than men of insomnia and are more likely than men to complain of insomnia, headache, irritability, and fatigue than the ‘‘typical’’ symptoms of loud snoring and apneas during sleep. Reproductive hormones play an important role in sleep in women. In the premenopausal age these hormones have a protective effect on sleep apnea while on pregnancy there is a higher prevalence of sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. Cardiovascular mortality is high in women with obstructive sleep apnea and continuous positive airway pressure therapy improves outcomes in most cases of obstructive sleep apnea. The epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and therapies for the three most common sleep disorders (insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and restless leg syndrome), along with effects of menopause, pregnancy, and social factors on sleep in women, are key considerations for clinicians caring for female patients across the adult life span.
Mania in an individual with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus – A case report
Authors:   Kilpauk medical college, Chennai, RS Soumya , Daniel Sharon Joe , Meenakshisundaram Malaiappan
Published: November 2021

Neuropsychiatric manifestations are common and occur in around 14-80% of patients with SLE. No particular neurologic or psychiatric manifestation is characteristic of SLE and the form and pattern of neuropsychiatric symptoms vary significantly. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Nomenclature provides case definition for 19 neuropsychiatric syndromes seen in SLE. However, these case definitions were not found to be effective in differentiating neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) patients from those with neuropsychiatric manifestations not associated with SLE.Here we present a case of mania in a patient with SLE and discuss the differential diagnosis of neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE and primary mood disorder. Symptoms of neuropsychiatric SLE vary significantly and psychiatric disturbances in a patient with SLE is a diagnosis of exclusion where other possibilities have to be considered including an independent comorbid psychiatric disorder. This case highlights the difficulty in the diagnostic process and the need for more studies on the differences between primary psychiatric disorders and neuropsychiatric SLE.
Highlights of this issue
Authors:   Sriramachandra Instiute of Higher Education and Research,Porur, Menon Jayakumar
Published: November 2021

Clinical psychiatry has always been more accommodative of the divergent methods of scientific enquiry and focus is back on enhancing the core clinical skills in Psychiatry. We are re-discovering the values of single case reports, case series as much as we look forward to systematic reviews. The standardisation of reporting with the acceptance of guidelines (eg.Equator Network) has helped immensely in ensuring transparency and quality of health research. In this issue of the journal, we have articles that cover diverse areas like First Episode Psychosis, Sleep Disorders, Interface of SLE and Psychiatry, medication adherence in depression, antenatal depression, and epigenetics.
Evidence based interventions in ASD : Bridging the gap between research and evidence
Authors:   Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Mind Space Clinic, Chennai, G K Kannan
Published: November 2021

Autism is a major pervasive developmental disorder with lifelong impact on an individual. Early intervention plays an improtant role in ameliorating and reversing the course and outcome of the disorder. There is a huge gap between the need for providing effective culturally appropriate evidence based practices in the community and actual provision of care.
Mental Health during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Saravanan R. Arul
Published: November 2021

The march of the COVID 19 Pandemic has been relentless and India reported its first case on 27th January, 2020 from Kerala. On 24th march, 2020, India announced its first lockdown for prevention of the spread of corona virus. When the first panic button was pressed, there was initially, disbelief and denial. But as the writing on the wall became loud and clear, our populous nation has gone in a downward spiral. We even witnessed one of the largest exoduses in recent times, with thousands of migrant workers, walking back to their villages and homes.
Coping strategies among medical professionals during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Shanmugam Vaishali
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: COVID -19 pandemic is a very stressful situation for doctors, who face the risk of infection in daily life. Coping is the process by which a person deals with stressful situations or demands. Identifying the coping strategies of our medical professionals will help us to understand their coping styles and to deliver effective interventions to enhance their mental well-being. METHODS: An online survey form with socio-demographic profile and BRIEF COPE tool for assessing different coping strategies was sent to interns, residents, and teaching faculty. The coping strategies were divided into emotion-based, problem-based, and dysfunctional coping, and spearman's correlation was done to determine any correlation between sociodemographic variables and the coping strategies. RESULTS: A total of 84 valid and complete responses were included in the study. There is a variable distribution of mean scores for problem-focused, emotion-focused, and dysfunctional strategies. Age and marital status had a positive correlation with problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies meaning that older adults and married people used these strategies predominantly. Higher designation used problem-focused coping predominantly. Dysfunctional coping strategies had no correlation with any of the sociodemographic variables. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic factors affecting the coping mechanisms in medical professionals differ from those of the general population seen in previous studies. Within the group of medical professionals, those with higher age, higher designation and married had predominantly adaptive strategies. Interventions targetting maladaptive components of emotion-focused strategies and dysfunctional strategies should be aimed at a younger age group, unmarried people, interns, and residents among the medical professionals to better cope with this COVID scenario.
Psychological Morbidity Among Post-COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-sectional Study from Chennai, South India
Authors: Devi D. , Monica V. , Santhosh Ravi , Raghavan Vijaya , Poornachandrika P.
Published: November 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health threat and is by far the largest outbreak of atypical pneumonia, since the SARS outbreak in 2003. A range of psychiatric morbidities such as persistent depression, anxiety, panic attacks, delirium and suicidality were observed in the post infectious state across the world. Hence, the aim of the study was to understand the psychological status of the patients affected by COVID during their post-COVID follow-up period and to examine the socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with high psychological morbidity. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in the post-COVID follow up clinic, at a tertiary care hospital between the months of August - November 2020, using a semi structured proforma and rating scales such as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) for depression, anxiety and insomnia, respectively. Results: The study results indicate that the prevalence of depression and anxiety among post-COVID-19 patients was 21.9% and 11.9%, respectively. Insomnia was observed among 21.7%Among various sociodemographic and clinical variables examined, it was observed that female gender, patients with ongoing stressors and patients with post-COVID-19 persistent physical symptoms were found to be associated with greater depression and anxiety among the study population. Conclusions: Persistent physical symptoms and ongoing life stressors are found to be associated with depression and anxiety among post-COVID-19 patients. Hence, periodic screening for individuals with persisting physical symptoms and care for the vulnerable population such as those with ongoing stressors will provide a significant advantage in the follow up of the mental health of the patients affected with COVID-19.
Specific Learning Disorder: Challenges and Intricacies for a Practicing Psychiatrist
Authors: Veerappan Vimal Doshi
Published: November 2021

Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) is one of the common diagnoses often encountered in psychiatry(1). As with many neurodevelopmental disorders early identification, specific intense remediation, appropriate management of comorbid conditions, coordination with teachers and parents and engaging the child long-term are the mainstay of management of SLD. Each of these steps pose unique challenges due to the inherent complexity of SLD, lack of uniform, standardised curriculum and testing methods, wide regional variations in definition, assessment and certification in SLD, strained relationship between professionals of various disciplines and lack of custommade tools for screening, assessment and follow-up in native (Indian) languages(2).
Detecting Submarine Groundwater Plumes in the Salalah Area: a Radon Tracer and Numerical Integral Plume Model Approach
Authors:   , Al Balushi Hajar
Published: November 2021

The inflow of fresh or brackish groundwater into the sea is referred to as Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD). The SGD is enforced by a terrestrial component whichmainly depends on freshwater extraction and recharge by meteoric water and on aquifer permeability. And a marine component that is mainly controlled by the spatial distribution of outflows and water depth (hydraulic gradients between land and sea). This study is motivated by the importance of freshwater in arid regions and, in particular, by the continuous challenges posed by the exploration and exploitation of fresh water sources inthe Sultanate of Oman. Moreover, there is a lack of studies on SGD phenomena alongthe 1000 km coastline in the South of Oman. The objective of this study is to develop a method to detect SGD spots in the offshore region, autonomously, and understanding thehydrodynamics of the discharge seepage for future backtracking, quantification and coastaland groundwater management. The study area Salalah, Dhofar Governorate, South of Oman is known to have a high natural groundwater recharge during the monsoon seasonand a karstic coastal seafloor, which results in a high potential of submarine groundwater discharge spots.
Toronto: Planning for Diversity, Inclusion and Urban Resilience
Authors: Zhuang Zhixi Cecilia
Published: November 2021

Recent waves of global migration have led to profound social, cultural, economic, political, physical, and
environmental effects in metropolitan regions of major immigrant settlement. As noted in the World Migration
Report, more scholars are exploring the relationship between migrants and cities.1
Cities play an important role in
the processes of immigrant settlement and integration. Not only do they serve as reception areas for
newcomers to live, work, learn, play, and socialize like other city inhabitants; they are also important places for
building diverse, inclusive, resilient, and equitable communities in the long term. It has become imperative for
municipalities to understand the dynamics and complexity of the global migration phenomenon and tackle the
challenges and opportunities it presents locally. This report presents the key takeaways from Toronto’s planning
practices as part of the Building Inclusive Cities initiative.
Canada : Good Ideas from Successful Cities : Municipal Leadership in Immigrant Integration
Authors: Library Rshare
Published: November 2021

In this report, Canada: Good Ideas from Successful Cities, you
will find a snapshot of municipal leadership and excellence
in Canada; each of the 12 city profiles includes a selection
of international comparators.
Canada : Les bonnes idées des villes dynamiques
Authors: Turner Kim
Published: November 2021

La présente publication, Canada : Les bonnes idées des villes

dynamiques donne un aperçu du leadership et de l’excellence

des municipalités canadiennes en présentant 12 profils

d’initiatives, accompagnés d’exemples connexes tirés de

villes internationales.
O EXERCÍCIO DA POSSE DA PROPRIEDADE PRIVADA IMOBILIÁRIA E A NATUREZA
Authors: Cini Marchionatti Carlos , Cansi Francine , Cruz Paulo Márcio
Published: November 2021

O instituto jurídico da Propriedade Privada Imobiliária  exerce-se segundo a sua função social. A investigação que justifica este trabalho científico corresponde à indagação: é bastante o exercício da propriedade segundo a sua função social? Mais do que atender à função social, a Propriedade Privada Imobiliária deve atender às exigências necessárias à preservação da vida. Corresponde ao exercício da posse da Propriedade Privada Imobiliária segundo a qual se evitem tragédias e se justifica o acréscimo de parágrafo ao artigo 1.228 do Código Civil. A metodologia do trabalho observa a base lógica dedutiva na pesquisa e no conteúdo escrito.
Palavras-Chave: Propriedade Privada Imobiliária. Função Social. Meio Ambiente. Preservação da vida.
 
Abstract: The legal institute of Real Estate Private Property is understood according to its social role. The investigation which leads to the purpose of this scientific paper is: is the exercise of the property according to its social role enough to justify it? More than attending to its social role, the institute of Real Estate Private Property must observe the necessary demands related to life preservation. This corresponds the exercise of the tenure in order to avoid tragedies justifying the addition of a paragraphe to article 1.228 of the Code Civil. The methodology observes the logical deductive data in the research and in the context written.
Keywords: Real Estate Private Property. Social role. Environmental. Life preservation.
Analisis Kesulitan Guru Biologi Mengajar Di SMA Negeri Kota Lubuklinggau Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Yantari Nevi , Widiya Mareta , Sepriyaningsih Sepriyaningsih
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan guru biologi mengajar di SMA Negeri Kota Lubuklinggau pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan  kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data ialah menggunakan observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru biologi di SMA Negeri 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, dan 8 Kota Lubuklinggau. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 15 guru biologi dari SMA Negeri Kota Lubuklinggau. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kesulitan dibagi menjadi lima aspek indikator (media, motivasi, sikap, kreativitas, dan sarana prasarana). Hasil persentase setiap SMA Negeri Kota Lubuklinggau telah mencakup dari lima aspek indikator, guru SMA Negeri 1 (14%), guru SMA Negeri 2 (36%), guru SMA Negeri 4 (31%), guru SMA Negeri 5 (27%), guru SMA Negeri 6 (28%), guru SMA Negeri 7 (31%), dan guru SMA Negeri 8 (22%). Dapat disimpulkan setiap guru biologi di SMA Negeri Kota Lubuklinggau mengalami sedikit kesulitan dalam proses pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Kesulitan yang paling rendah terdapat pada guru SMA Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau dengan persentase 14% dan SMA Negeri 2 Kota Lubuklinggau memiliki persentase kesulitan paling tinggi sebesar 36%.Keywords: Kesulitan guru biologi, pembelajaran daring
E-Motions: Assessing Emotional Quotient of Adolescents During Pandemic
Authors: Mathur Jha Meenu
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus COVID 19 pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time and greatest challenge we have faced since World War two. This study aims to assess the Emotional quotient of adolescents during pandemic by studying the affect on each attribute of Emotional Intelligence and also to study the reason behind the decreased elements of emotional intelligence during Pandemic. The study of this project started with two surveys. In first Survey, the child had to assess whether the pandemic has had positive/negative/no impact on him/her in the respective areas by comparing with pre-lockdown experiences. Second Survey was conducted for Parents. The test was for measuring Emotional Intelligence of their children with regards to the coronavirus pandemic. Both the survey was conducted on Google Forms with more than 150 responses from students of grade 10 to grade12 studying in Delhi NCR and their parents. The results of all the surveys suggests that all attributes of Emotional Intelligence have shown increase except one major attribute- Self Regulation, which has undergone a decrease during pandemic. Some elements like Commitment, diversity, Communication have deceased during these crucial times. But adolescents have been able to navigate their emotions well during this tough times. Increased levels of empathy, optimism shows that this pandemic has opened our hearts, made us more sensitive to others and our environment.
Teaching with Inspiration; the Challenges of Motivational Factors within the Educational Sector in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Noriey Ismail
Published: November 2021

This research paper investigates the significance of motivational factors to inspire teachers in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The aims of this study are defined as the following: first to highlight the importance of motivation that has an inordinate character in encouraging teachers to teach successfully. Second, the significance of teaching with pleasure has an impact on students’ performances. This study involved a mixed-method approach and was conducted in two stages: first, the researcher gathered qualitative data by conducting individual interviews. Second, the researcher collected quantitative data by managing a questionnaire for students. To investigate this matter, an experimental study was conducted with the participation of 153 students from 5 colleges of 2 universities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. 24 teachers were interviewed from 5 colleges and 2 universities in the same region. The findings exhibited in this study that the nature of motivational factors is sophisticated and it is a keystone for an effective teacher to obtain it effectively. In conclusion, the findings show that the motivational factors have more critical indicators of the literature reviews and descriptive methodology that is solid for data analysis.
O uso de gírias na fala de estudantes de uma escola da zona rural no munícipio de Macaíba – RN
Authors: Macêdo Júnior Adriano Menino de , Medeiros Andreza Mirella Enéas de , Cazuza Elio Pessoa , Sales Lucas Gabriel Souza , Arenas Pedro Arturo Rojas , Souza Suiane Alves de
Published: November 2021

Este artigo objetiva analisar o uso de gírias por alunos de uma escola da zona rural do munícipio de Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, levando em consideração, a luz de Alkmim (2001), algumas variáveis extralinguísticas, para observar a ocorrência ou não desse tipo de variação linguística, tais como: o sexo dos estudantes, a idade, a situação econômica e o contexto social no qual esse tipo de linguagem é utilizada. Recorremos também em nossas discussões ao teórico William Labov (2008), bem como a outros estudiosos importantes que ajudaram a problematizar os resultados da pesquisa. A metodologia aplicada foi a descritiva, que se caracteriza por uma visão transversal com abordagem quali-quantitativa. As variáveis foram apresentadas em gráficos, tabelas, frequência relativa e porcentagem. As análises foram conduzidas no programa Excel e OriginPro 8.5 e revelam que os indivíduos do sexo feminino se mostraram mais atuantes no uso de gírias, ainda que esse resultado contrarie os achados de outros estudiosos com os quais dialogamos em nossas discussões. Quando olhamos para a variável faixa etária, verificamos que os alunos mais jovens se mostram também em evidência ao utilizar em seu cotidiano o uso de e gírias. No que se refere à variável da situação econômico-financeira dos alunos, concluímos que a classe social menos favorecida é a que mais utiliza gírias em seu cotidiano. Por fim, observamos que algumas variáveis determinam ou não o uso das gírias no contexto pesquisado.
Brazil nuts a non-timber potential: Uncertainties and investments
Authors: Rêgo Lyvia Julienne Sousa , Soares Naisy Silva , Isbaex Crismeire , Silva Simone , Zanuncio José Cola , Silva Márcio Lopes da , Romero Flora Magdaline Benitez
Published: November 2021

The Brazil nut is one of the main non-timber forest products in Brazil, but its price fluctuations generate uncertainties and risks for both extractivists and investors. Econometric models or other simpler methods can estimate price changes and indicate the investment attractiveness of the Brazil nut. The objective of the present study was to analyze the risk-return relationship and the export price for both volatility of the Brazil nut over a 15 years period. The historical series of Brazil nut export prices, shelled and unshelled nuts, was evaluated from 2002 to 2016. The geometric growth rate and the variation coefficient indicate the return and risk respectively, associated with its price series. The price volatility of shelled and unshelled Brazil nuts was estimated with the standard deviation of the price series and with generalized models of ARCH (GARCH, EGARCH and TARCH). The shelled or unshelled Brazil nut coefficient increased over 15 years, with a low risk-return ratio. The shelled Brazil nut volatility was lower in the 2002 to 2006, 2007 to 2011 and 2012 to 2016 periods than for the unshelled nut when estimated by the standard deviation method than for the unshelled nut. The shelled Brazil nut price was higher from 2002 to 2016, with low volatility and persistent shocks. The estimate of the shelled and unshelled Brazil nut price volatility was better with the TARCH and the EGARCH models, respectively.
Poisoning in Children and adolescents assisted during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Toxicological Information and Assistance Center in Federal District, Brazil (CIATOX -DF): Descriptive, Cross-sectional, and Analytical study with 1.037 patients
Authors: Ferrer Isabela Lemos , Baptistella Melorie Kern Capovilla Sarubo , Oliveira Flávia Neri Meira de , Souza Alessandra Gelande de , Cunha Luiz Carlos da , Magalhães Andreia Franco Amoras
Published: November 2021

Exogenous poisonings are one of the principal accidents involving children and adolescents. The social isolation promoted by the COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns about the possibility of an increase in poisoning among children since most cases of poisoning occur in home environments. Therefore, the present study evaluated exogenous poisonings in children under ten years of age and adolescents aged 11 to 20 years old through data recorded at the Toxicological Information and Assistance Center in the Federal District (CIATOX-DF) from January to September 2020. The results showed a change in the number of notifications, with 1.037 poisonings registered in patients under 20 years of age. Registrations of poisoning by venomous animals, medications, and household cleaning products in children tend to be higher in months of vacation. This study demonstrated poisoning notifications by non-venomous animals in March and April and household cleaning products as the second leading cause of exogenous poisoning, demonstrating a clear temporal association among social isolation, increased use of household cleaning products, and exposure to these products. The multivariate analysis methodology managed to show the significant characteristics of the studied sample, contributing to creating local actions that aim to reduce the number of preventable cases of poisonings.
Diagnóstico de miofibrossarcoma de alto grau em cão – relato de caso
Authors: Kavasaki Mayara Lima , Barboza Mateus Tomazelli , Stein Julia Almodóvar , Rieger Giancarlo , Rocha Leandro da Silva , Troguilho Ariane de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

Os Sarcomas de tecidos moles (STM) na oncologia veterinária, compreendem um grupo de neoplasias mesenquimais malignas, com acometimento principalmente da pele e subcutâneo, possuem margens mal definidas com altos índices de recidiva local e moderado potencial metastático. O diagnóstico de rotina é realizado com base no histórico do animal, sinais clínicos, porém a confirmação é realizada através de exames citológicos e histopatológicos. Complementarmente a quimioterapia, radioterapia e remoção cirúrgica são utilizados para proporcionar uma maior sobrevida aos pacientes. O presente estudo tem por objetivo reportar um caso de Mixofibrossarcoma de Alto Grau, detectado através do exame imuno-histoquimico, uma variação do (STM), em um paciente canino, fila brasileiro, macho, com um ano de idade, atendido em uma clínica veterinária situada no município de Vilhena- Rondônia, apresentando inicialmente um nódulo em região da escápula direita, com evolução rápida e crescimento progressivo após remoção cirúrgica. Os tutores optaram pela eutanásia do animal.
Ensino remoto emergencial na percepção de saúde de acadêmicos de Farmácia
Authors: Mota Ana Paula Lucas , Mendes Gabriel Moreira de Mello , Matos Rafael Christian de , Sousa Maria do Carmo Vilas Boas , Gomes Maria Aparecida , Pereira Júnior Edmilson Antonio , Ruas Cristina Mariano
Published: November 2021

Em março de 2020, a Organização Mundial da Saúde caracterizou como pandemia a situação sanitária imposta pelo SARS-CoV-2. Para conter o avanço das infecções, a principal medida governamental foi o distanciamento social. As aulas presenciais foram suspensas e o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) foi adotado visando minimizar os impactos da pandemia na formação discente. As consequências da pandemia atingiram a vida de todos em diferentes aspectos e, especialmente, na saúde. Neste contexto, avaliaram-se os fatores relacionados à autopercepção de saúde dos discentes do curso de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, diante do ERE. Foi aplicado um questionário virtual abordando questões relacionadas ao perfil sociodemográfico, hábitos de vida, aspectos de saúde, prática de atividades físicas e uso de medicamentos. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizado um modelo de árvore de decisão. Um total de 401 discentes respondeu ao questionário. As condições mais importantes relacionadas ao ERE foram não ter tempo para lazer e esportes e sentir-se muito ansioso, exausto e sobrecarregado. A depressão foi a variável com maior discriminação na escala de saúde autopercebida. Para além das incertezas que a pandemia nos traz, o ERE impõe uma nova metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem que preconiza o protagonismo discente para a sua consolidação plena, acentuando sensação de estresse, esgotamento, ansiedade e depressão, caracterizando o adoecimento mental que os alunos estão experimentando. Estes resultados ressaltam a importância do acompanhamento na adaptação ao modelo virtual de ensino, visando seu melhor desenvolvimento e a saúde física e emocional dos discentes.
Conhecimento de acadêmicos de Medicina e recém-formados sobre intubação orotraqueal: um estudo transversal
Authors: Oliveira Bruno Bibiano de , Monteiro Mauro da Cruz Assad , Rauber Rafael
Published: November 2021

A Intubação Orotraqueal (IOT) é um procedimento indicado quando há necessidade do controle definitivo da via aérea. Como a IOT é realizada em situações de emergência, como em paradas cardíacas, existem poucas contraindicações ao procedimento, sendo uma das principais a transecção parcial de traqueia. A chance de sucesso na realização da IOT por estudantes de medicina aumenta em 9% a cada tentativa (OR 1.09; IC 95% 1.04 – 1.14) sendo necessárias no mínimo 17 tentativas de IOT para ter 90% de sucesso no procedimento. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo transversal é avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes de medicina sobre intubação orotraqueal. Observou-se que mais do que 90% dos respondentes referiram ter conhecimento do por que é realizada IOT, contudo apenas 67,1% e 53,2% sabem as indicações e as contraindicações para realização de IOT, respectivamente. 92,4% dos participantes referiram ter conhecimento da classificação de Mallampati, contudo 82,3% relataram saber reconhecer uma via aérea difícil de intubar. Verificou-se que médicos recém-formados ou estudantes no internato referem ter mais conhecimento sobre o motivo que leva a realização da IOT (p=0,04), materiais necessários na IOT (p=0,04), classificação de Mallampati (p<0,01) e reconhecimento de via aérea difícil de intubar (p=0,04) na comparação com acadêmicos cursando ciclo básico ou clínico. Embora seja um estudo limitado por sua metodologia transversal, pode-se observar algumas lacunas no conhecimento, por exemplo apenas 59,5% dos participantes referiram saber as complicações que podem ser causadas pela IOT.
Aprendendo biologia celular por meio da construção da célula eucarionte animal
Authors: Silva Halis Gonçalves da , Rodrigues Elisânia da Silva Brito , Campos Maria Rita de Cássia
Published: November 2021

O ensino de biologia celular é importante, pois representa, além da memorização de conceitos, um passo para o interesse científico. No entanto, o entendimento de estruturas celulares e a compreensão dos eventos que ocorrem em nível microscópico é um desafio para os alunos e professores. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, a construção de uma célula eucarionte animal pelos estudantes à medida que o conteúdo teórico fosse abordado. Para isso, foi apresentada uma situação-problema: Como tornar conceitos científicos e abstratos compreensíveis utilizando a modelagem? O estudo investigativo compreendeu dois instrumentos de coleta: um diálogo em sala de aula e a construção individual de uma célula eucariótica animal. Os alunos realizaram autoavaliação e avaliação crítica dos demais grupos. Os modelos confeccionados apresentaram formas e tamanhos variados, respeitando as características das células escolhidas. No presente trabalho, a construção de uma célula eucariótica estimulou o interesse e a curiosidade, possibilitando diferentes formas de aprendizado sobre as células eucarióticas animais. Em seus relatos, os alunos consideraram que a atividade foi prazerosa e construtiva a partir do momento em que pesquisaram sobre as partes da célula, suas estruturas e funções. Esse estudo aponta que a construção de modelos didáticos por meio de uma atividade investigativa é importante e tem como resultado uma aprendizagem significativa.
Avaliação de dois programas de treinamento físico − concorrente e aeróbico − em mulheres obesas ou com sobrepeso portadoras da síndrome dos ovários policísticos
Authors: Santos Danielle Barbosa , Silva Laurilene Costa , Santos Denise Barbosa , Trindade Fabio Rodrigues , Lopes Ione Maria Ribeiro Soares
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP) é um distúrbio endócrino, heterogêneo, cuja etiologia é desconhecida e com alta variação fenotípica .O tratamento de primeira linha para esta doença é o treinamento físico. Objetivo: Avaliar dois tipos de treinamentos físicos, concorrente e aeróbico, em mulheres obesas e com sobrepeso com SOP. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo clínico, analítico, prospectivo, controlado e randomizado, utilizando protocolos de treinamentos no “antes-depois”, onde utilizou-se o treinamento aeróbico, que é a utilização do oxigênio como fonte de energia, e o treino concorrente, que é a utlização de treino de força e treino aeróbico. Foram selecionadas 30 mulheres, nas quais 14,  aproximadamente, 47% do total de pacientes participaram efetivamento do programa, com idade entre 18 e 40 anos com SOP obesas e/ou sobrepeso e posteriormente randomizadas para o Grupo I e Grupo II: a avaliação dos efeitos dos dois treinamentos, concorrente e aeróbico, sobre os parâmetros antropométricos, metabólicos e hormonais foi feita através de protocolos específicos para os treinos aeróbicos e concorrente. Foi utilizado para análise estatística o programa IBM SPSS versão 27.0. A distribuição normal dos dados foi realizado pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk e para avaliar a mudança significativa da variável pós-intervenção, foi aplicado o teste t-student pareado. Resultados: Houve diferenças estatisticamente significante das variáveis estudadas nos parâmetros antropométricos no Treinamento Concorrente (TC) e Treinamento Aeróbico (TA) como peso, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), idade metabólica e gordura.O perfil da amostra demonstrou que dentre as selecionadas, a maioria (42,86%) possuía ensino superior, (57,14%) se autodeclararam negras e (100%) eram sedentárias.Comparando-se o TA e TC relativo aos parâmetros antropométricos, os grupos apresentaram homogeneidade, com diferença somente na coxa D(P=0,038). Conclusão: Os treinamentos físicos concorrentes e aeróbicos realizados três vezes por semana durante três meses reduzem de forma significativa vários parâmetros como peso, IMC, gorduras e parâmetros metabólicos. A eficácia é similar nos parâmetros antropométricos dos dois treinos físicos, concorrente e aeróbico.
Cannabis Sativa: uma revisão integrativa dos aspectos legais, toxicológicos e farmacoterapêuticos
Authors: Pessoa Daniele Oliveira Cabral , Lira Iago Vilar , Siqueira Lidiany da Paixão
Published: November 2021

Atualmente, com o crescente número de estudos envolvendo fitocompostos dotados de inúmeras aplicações farmacológicas, a Cannabis passou a assumir um papel de protagonismo no tratamento de inúmeras patologias. Nesse contexto o delta 9-tetraidrocanabinol (Δ9 -THC), o canabidiol (CBD) e o canabinol (CBN), presentes principalmente no gênero Cannabis tem ganhado um maior enfoque científico como fonte natural desses compostos, que comparados a outras susbtâncias farmacológicas, apresentam um menor número de efeitos adversos. A pesquisa por evidências foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline, PubMed, Scielo e LILACS. Foram selecionados quarenta e um artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e de qualidade. Observou-se que a literatura científica apresenta fortes evidências do emprego dessas substâncias no tratamento de náuseas e vómitos associados à quimioterapia, analgesia na dor crónica, anorexia associada à Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS), dor neuropática e algumas doenças neurológicas como a esclerose múltipla, ansiedade, insónia, epilepsia e na doença de Parkinson. Conclui-se que o uso dos fitocanabinoides apresentou um perfil toxicológico seguro para uso, tanto em crianças como em adultos, não estando relacionados com desenvolvimento de problemas secundários consideráveis ou dependência, sendo crescente sua aplicabilidade em fórmulas farmacêuticas na área industrial.
A importância do pré-natal na saúde básica: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Brito Lucas de Moraes Escorcio , Mesquita Karla Karine Castelo Branco , Melo Joérique Saraiva , Santos Thainá Pinto dos
Published: November 2021

O início do pré-natal se deu no século XX, onde a saúde da mulher e do feto era fator preocupante, pois até então as taxas de mortalidade materna e infantil eram altas; todavia a finalidade do pré-natal era em reduzir estas taxas. Este presente estudo objetivou-se analisar o acompanhamento do pré-natal e seus desafios nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, bem como analisar quais as ações preconizadas para a assistência à gestante, investigar as políticas de incentivo à assistência no pré-natal. Trata-se de uma revisão literária, no qual para o embasamento teórico foram selecionados artigos e textos científicos sobre os descritores relacionados ao assunto (Atenção Primária; Pré-Natal; Saúde da Mulher). Assim, mesmo com determinados riscos, são considerados momentos especiais na vida da mulher, a gravidez, o parto e o puerpério que são eventos fisiológicos que se desenvolvem em um contexto cultural e social. Nesse contexto, para que a assistência pré-natal seja considerada adequada e com um tratamento e acompanhamento que visa ser de forma holística, é necessário que ela seja precoce e assídua, além de contar com profissionais especializados, que realizem os tratamentos, internações e exames que se fizerem necessários. O Brasil é um país em desenvolvimento e mesmo o acesso não sendo de forma linear, é importante que os profissionais auxiliem a grávida da melhor forma. Ademais, o pré-natal tende a aumentar as chances de uma gravidez e parto mais tranquilos, com os riscos minimizados, sendo possível o tratamento precoce evitando sequelas e promovendo um parto mais seguro.
Intervenções fisioterapêuticas em pacientes queimados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Silva Deyse Santos da , Mendes Bárbara Lira Bahia
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Queimaduras são lesões que podem ser superficiais acometendo apenas a pele bem como comprometendo camadas mais profundas da pele podendo chegar ao osso. Objetivo: O principal objetivo da seguinte revisão é mostrar a importância e relevância do fisioterapeuta na tratativa com pacientes queimados em âmbito hospitalar. Metodologia: O seguinte artigo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática considerando artigos dos períodos de 2012 a 2021, nas bases de dados: literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), U.S National Institute of Health (PubMed), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciElo). Resultados e discussão: O profissional de fisioterapia esta inserido em uma unidade de terapia intensiva para compor uma equipe multidisciplinar a fim de proporcionar benefícios a todos os pacientes ali presentes com planos de tratamento individualizado. Conclusão: Sendo assim, com o intuito de devolver funcionalidade ao paciente, com condutas precoces para retirada do mesmo do leito a fim de inibir as deformidades, contraturas e patologias associadas.
Is oral hygiene performed by caregivers of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy effective?
Authors: Pacheco Valéria Marques Bordallo , Ferreira Ana Cristina Fernandes Maria , Ferreira Carolina de Andrade , Siqueira Vanessa Lira , Santos Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of oral hygiene performed by caregivers of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) during the moments before and after three months of oral health instructions.  Methods: In a longitudinal study, 102 participants were joined in two groups:  G1 (n=51) composed of children and adolescents (C/A) with CP and G2 (n=51), composed of their caregivers.  Sociodemographic and oral hygiene habits were collected and evaluated using the Visible Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), before and after oral hygiene orientation.  The Qui-Squared, ANOVA 1, and tStudent tests were applied.  P < 0,05. Results: The C/A group with pattern clinical CP tetraparesis, diparesis and hemiparesis were homogeneous in terms of gender (P = 0,07), however differed in age (P < 0,05), the youngest being diparetic. No difference was observed when comparing VPI and GBI before and after instructions in oral health for the three clinical types (P> 0,05).  However, a reduction in the VPI and GBI indexes (P < 0,05) before and after, in each of the three clinical patterns. Most of the caregivers were female, married, with a high school degree, and they performed oral hygiene three times per day.  The caregivers presented significant drops in VPI and GBI after receiving oral hygiene instructions.  (P < 0,05). Conclusion: Oral hygiene instruction is fundamental for the caregivers of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy since it is an effective form of controlling health problems.
Uso de anticoagulantes em pacientes hospitalizados por trombose venosa profunda em membros inferiores
Authors: Gomes Patrícia Lima , Silva Adrielle Aquino da , Rodrigues Junior Omero Martins
Published: November 2021

A trombose venosa profunda (TVP) é definida como um evento trombótico que envolve as veias profundas dos membros inferiores, veias poplíteas, femurais ou ilíacas. A TVP geralmente é acompanhada por embolia pulmonar (EP) e o Tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) é um termo usado para especificar as duas possibilidades. Desse modo, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo a realização de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o uso dos anticoagulantes em pacientes hospitalizados e a atuação do farmacêutico na orientação da equipe multidisciplinar hospitalar sobre a utilização adequada dos fármacos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, através de fontes secundárias para descrição sobre o uso de anticoagulantes em pacientes com trombose venosa profunda em membros inferiores. Por meio dos resultados obtidos verifica-se que, cabe ao farmacêutico instruir o paciente quanto à utilização do medicamento, dose, melhor horário de administração, interação medicamentosa, além de hábitos saudáveis no cuidado não terapêutico, podendo fazer intervenções que vão desde a simples sinalização de uma interação, a sugestões de terapias alternativas ou ajustes nas doses prescritas pelo médico, quando identificado algum erro ou problemas relacionados à terapia. Esse ajuste deve ser documentado e informado ao médico prescritor, constituindo um elo entre farmacêutico, médico e paciente.