bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A number is worth more than a thousand pictures: The case of designers’ cynical resistance through quantification
Authors: Navarro Aguiar Ulises
Published: October 2021

This article draws on an ethnographic investigation of product development at an engineering organization to examine the struggle faced by designers in justifying design proposals when cooperating with engineers and managers. Frustrated by the priority given to numbers over other modes of evaluation traditionally used in design, designers in this case developed and mobilized their own evaluation device to quantitatively prove the validity and worth of their work. This quasi-parodic form of evaluation enables designers to criticize and influence strategic project decisions. At the same time, this cynical act of resistance paradoxically endorses the quantitative approach and undermines designers’ own professional expertise as a valid way of conceiving worth, which ultimately renders this move more indeterminate than what a distinction between resistance and conformity denotes. Overall, the study adds to our understanding of how modes and principles of justification typically embraced by professional groups can be unsettled by attempts to protect them. In doing so, it brings to light the ambivalent nature of resistance through a cynical embrace of quantification.
Zajęcia dla dzieci i młodzieży w wybranych miejskich bibliotekach publicznych województwa śląskiego – przegląd
Authors: Gawinek Anna
Published: October 2021

W artykule podjęto temat oferty zajęć dla dzieci i młodzieży w bibliotekach. Poddano analizie strony internetowe 42 bibliotek publicznych z województwa śląskiego. Zaprezentowano formy pracy z czytelnikiem dziecięcym. Wyodrębniono typy zajęć organizowanych w bibliotekach z prezentacją przykładów.
Ze zbiorów Biblioteki Śląskiej: „Zorza Polska. Miesięcznik dla Dzieci” i jej autor
Authors: Pawłowicz Weronika
Published: October 2021

W artykule przedstawiono analizę rękopiśmiennego czasopisma „Zorza Polska. Miesięcznik dla Dzieci”, przechowywanego w zbiorach Biblioteki Śląskiej w Katowicach (sygn. R 1416 III). Twórcą pisma był Kazimierz Wallis (1896–1918), syn Łukasza Wallisa (1863–1940), znanego zbieracza śląskich pieśni ludowych. W 22 numerach, powstałych w okresie od października 1909 r. do stycznia 1912 r., zamieścił on utwory własnego autorstwa – opowiadania, wiersze (kilka przez siebie przetłumaczonych), opisy, anegdoty, żarty, rebusy, złote myśli, a także rysunki. Czasopismo zostało najprawdopodobniej oprawione przez Wallisów. Na końcu woluminu dodano karty ciemnego, grubszego papieru, na których naklejono 28 rysunków autorstwa Kazimierza. Część z nich powstała w trakcie jego służby w wojsku niemieckim w czasie I wojny światowej. Kazimierz zaginął 27 września 1918 r. w bitwie pod Havrincourt niedaleko Arras w departamencie Pas-de-Calais.
II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa WIAD20 „Architektura Informacji Istotą Projektu” (Toruń, 22 lutego 2020 r.)
Authors: Chmielewski Piotr
Published: October 2021

II Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa WIAD20 „Architektura Informacji Istotą Projektu” (Toruń, 22 lutego 2020 r.)
Konferencja online „Specjalista informacji XXI wieku. Rezultaty i wyzwania” (3 czerwca 2020 r.)
Authors: Grochowicki Natalie
Published: October 2021

Konferencja online „Specjalista informacji XXI wieku. Rezultaty i wyzwania” (3 czerwca 2020 r.)
La puissance des clichés langagiers dans La Cousine Bette de Balzac : entre le dévoilement de stéréotypes et leur reconnaissance par le lecteur contemporain
Authors: Kamińska Aleksandra
Published: October 2021

The aim of this article is to examine the stereotypy in Balzac’s novel Cousin Bette, by relying on the scene of a famous confrontation between Célestin Crevel and his metaphysical opposite – Baroness Hulot d’Ervy. José-Luis Diaz underlines that the Balzacian stereotype imposes itself as the imitation of the social norm and all kinds of linguistic, sartorial, behavioral automatisms etc. His research justifies the use of the concept of stereotype in relation to Balzac’s creation, especially because the nineteenth century only knows its meaning in printing. Thanks to the notion of stereotype, we can question on its influence on the behavior of the protagonists. We are also able to identify the character of the social norm of the time and its regulatory mechanisms. On the one hand, the excessively fixed language, like the cliché, allows the writer to imitate the material preoccupations of the bourgeoisie under the July Monarchy by forging, in the reader’s mind, his negative image. On the other hand, this analysis shows that the protagonist’s expression goes beyond linguistic mimicry. The stereotype allows a certain stylistic originality by which the protagonists give the reader a look into their belief systems. In this sense, the stereotype is a mechanism of regulation : it complicates the characters, creates an impression of reality. Finally, this stylistic enity capture the reader’s attention with logically permissible ideas that are morally unacceptable.
Lieux ludiques: « Les Prisonniers » de Maupassant
Authors: Färnlöf Hans
Published: October 2021

This study examines the role of topoi in the short story “Les Prisonniers” (The Prisoners) by Maupassant. For historical reasons, the notion of topos is preferred to that of the stereotype, as the latter indicates a manner of conceiving reality from a 20th century perspective (and thus posterior to Maupassant’s authorship). The analysis of the topoi shows that the author brings to play intertextual references linked to the tradition of the folktale and the short story. In foregrounding the story, Maupassant prepares two opposing scenarios. Following the transgressive plot, the initially dominant features of the story are overthrown. The functionality of the narrative elements, entering as units in an elaborated plot, leads to a view of the story primarily as a fictional construction playing with topoi, rather than as an expression of Maupassant’s stereotyped vision of reality.
Un converti convaincu, repentant et asexué ? (Anti-)Stéréotypes sur le Juif errant dans les romans français du XXe siècle
Authors: Kamiński Paweł
Published: October 2021

The present article seeks to analyse the figure of the Wandering Jew in five 20thcentury French novels (Carnet de route du Juif errant by Alexandre Arnoux, Les Entretiens d’Ahasvérus by Louis de Launay, Marches du Juif errant by Henry-Jacques, Jésus raconté par le Juif errant by Edmond Fleg and Histoire du Juif errant by Jean d’Ormesson). Its main goal is to answer the question to what extent the original image of the Jew is reproduced in the abovementioned prose works. In order to carry out his plan, the author takes into account the crucial and stereotypical characteristics which constitute the very nature of the Jewish vagabond. He tries then to point out major differences between the five novels and the popular version of the Ahasverian legend. The study of those elements shows that contemporary texts related to the immortal man break off with the traditional version of the legend and thus bear testimony of the so-called “death of the myth”.
Kwahulé et Tarnagda : le théâtre africain entre le stéréotype et l’originalité
Authors: Wołowski Witold , Jakubczyk Renata
Published: October 2021

After a short presentation of theatrical definitions of stereotypes, this article offers an hermeneutic study, focused on the elements of stereotypes and strategies of de-stereotyping in two contemporary African plays: Bintou (1997) by Koffi Kwahulé and Les Larmes du ciel d’août -Tears of the August sky (2010) by Aristide Tarnagda. The analysis aims to demonstrate how Koffi Kwahulé et Aristide Tarnagda indulge, possibly unknowingly, in a subtle play with a cliché.
Commynes – Mémoires: l’émancipation syntactico-sémantique à l’origine d’un genre ?
Authors: Dupuy Estéle
Published: October 2021

Was the Commynes’s syntactic cohesion (a man “not literary”, father of the genre of memoirs and diplomat of the fifteenth century which syntax has been often described as paratactic or uncohesive) influenced, according to the received idea, by his habit of the diplomatic despatch and was she perceived as uncohesive by his contemporaries? To answer his questions, respectively, we compare the lack of cohesion of the Memoirs with those of his autograph letters and then we search the headlines of the publisher Sauvage (1552) who propose a version pointed as more cohesive than that of the manuscript which serve of base to his edition. The results will show that the letters seem more cohesive than the Memoirs and that its Mémoirs’ s syntax is not underlined as embarrassing by its editor.
Écriture féminine de jeunesse et postulation de l’émergence d’un pays dans Lettre à Tita 2 : entre anti-modernisme, exaltation passéiste et quête éthique
Authors: Eyenga Onana Pierre Suzanne
Published: October 2021

Children’s literature is sometimes considered to be the poor relation of literary genres throughout the world, as it is often confined to the rank of literature for the very young. Yet, on closer inspection, does this literature not play an important role in establishing national identity? In other words, does it contribute to the spread of tolerance and therefore to living together? Backed by Pierre Barbéris’ sociocriticism and structured in three parts, this contribution first illustrates the motivations behind the characters’ behavioural imposture; then examines the internal components that articulate the novel’s literality. Finally, the analysis shows that Jeanne Abou’ou’s Lettre à Tita 2, beyond the stigmatization of a poorly assumed modernism or the exaltation of traditional values, deeply encapsulates the writer’s desire to postulate an emerging world in which Cameroonians would readily identify themselves.
КРИЗИС ВИКТИМНОЙ ПАРАДИГМЫ (СЛУЧАЙ НОВЕЙШЕЙ РУССКО-ИЗРАИЛЬСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Authors: Kacman Roman
Published: October 2021

The article describes a victimological paradigm in modern Russian-Israeli literature. The proposed opposition present in the two notions i.e. victim–victimizer is based on Eric Gans’s generative anthropology. The dynamics and possibilities of new form of victimological paradigm are analysed on the basis of chosen literary works in new Russian-Israeli literature.
SOWIECKA ARMENIA WASILIJA GROSSMANA — WOKÓŁ GEOPOETYKI SOCREALIZMU
Authors: Gołąbek Bartosz
Published: October 2021

Vasily Grossman is one of the most prominent and interesting writers of Soviet era. His journalist papers on II war period, and later on his major literary work, novel Life and Fate made his name famous among the best writers of Russian culture. When his famous Life and Fate novel was seized in 1960 by KGB (Grossman himself was never arrested by the Soviet authorities) his literary career broke for that moment. As a moral compensation Grossman got a special translation work in Armenia, which he managed to put into a special prose called An Armenian Sketchbook. Grossman writes up soviet Armenia with poetical instruments that we are able to analyze through geopoetics and socrealism. Some parts of Grossman’s Armenian Sketchbook, though, could also be understood by postcolonial interpretation.
DEKONSTRUKCJA IMPERIUM (ASAN WŁADIMIRA MAKANINA)
Authors: Polak Andrzej
Published: October 2021

The author of the article treats the novel of contemporary Russian prose writer Vladimir Makanin as an example of anti-colonial creativity, which deconstructs the imperial way of thinking and contesting colonial domination. Asan is a text devoid of imperial textuality, criticizing the prevailing political system and showing the complex Caucasian reality. The place of the described events (Chechnya) was recognized as an area where the life of the inhabitants is still shaped by colonial experience. The inevitable effect of this kind of works is the deconstruction of the world’s imaginations made from the imperial point of view. It is accompanied by deconstructing one’s own language and recognizing the structures of violence in it.
DEKONSTRUKCJA MYŚLI NEOIMPERIALNEJ W ANANASOWYM NAPOJU DLA PIĘKNEJ DAMY WIKTORA PIELEWINA
Authors: Łaniewski Paweł
Published: October 2021

Politically involved works of Victor Pelevin describe and deconstruct phenomena characteristic for the social life of the postmodern period. The new neoimperial paradigm is different from the previous one. Thanks to the development of new means of communication, countries use unconventional weapons in their struggle for influence, and certain elements of postmodern wars become simulacric phenomena of postmodern culture. The grotesque stories and novels of Pelevin, included in the collection Pineapple Water for the Fair Lady, are connected with poststructural philosophy and deconstruct the traditional perception of history and politics.
Wiersze
Authors: Bąk Tomasz
Published: October 2021

Prezentacja twórczości poetyckiej Tomasz Bąka (wiersze: Uroki cyfryzacji, Turniejowy czerwiec, Shredder shredder (Niszczarka), Path of Wellness, Próbuję skupić się na oddechu, Pamiątka po poprzednim właścicielu „Anty-Edypa”).
Yiddish, or Jewish German? The Holocaust, the Goethe-Institut, and Germany’s Neglected Obligation to Peace and the Common European Cultural Heritage
Authors: Kamusella Tomasz
Published: October 2021

The vast majority of Holocaust victims and survivors were Ashkenazim. Their main language was Yiddish. Yiddish is very close to German, the main difference being that the former is written in Hebrew letters, while the latter in Latin ones. Postwar Europe’s moral foundation is Holocaust remembrance. But this remembrance to be effective, it must be active in the absence of Holocaust survivors. A way to ensure that could be the novel school and university subject of Yiddish for reading purposes. As a result, researchers and interested Europeans would start reading documents and books in Yiddish again. Germany’s premiere cultural organization, Goethe-Institut, is uniquely well-placed and morally obligated to facilitate the relaunch, popularization and cultivation of the skill to read Yiddish-language sources and publications for both the sake of research and for pleasure.
Using Character Strengths to Address English Writing Anxiety
Authors: Gregersen Tammy , MacIntyre Peter D. , Buck Rachel
Published: October 2021

Positive psychology has been introduced to the applied linguistics literature with the broad goal of improving the experience of language learners and teachers through a variety of interventions (MacIntyre & Mercer, 2014; Gabryś-Barker & Gałajda, 2016). “The aim of positive psychology is to catalyze a change in psychology from preoccupation only with repairing the worst things in life to also building the best qualities in life” (Seligman &Csikszentmihalyi, 2000, p. 5). One significant contribution of this young field has been a series of empirically-tested positive psychology interventions (PPIs) that have been shown to increase positive emotion, reduce distress, and/or improve well-being (Seligman, Steen, Park, & Peterson, 2005; Sin & Lyubormirsky, 2009). In the present research, we examine one application of a PPI involving a focus on using character strengths as a way to address language anxiety. Through a case study analysis, we demonstrate the ways that this intervention was beneficial for the student.
Learning Japanese Onomatopoeia through a Narrative-Evaluation E-Learning System
Authors: Li Xiaoyan
Published: October 2021

In Japanese, onomatopoeia are an important element in expressing feelings and experiences. They are difficult for students of Japanese to acquire, especially the nuances. Herein, we propose an e-learning system to improve the efficiency of teaching the nuances – both explicit and tacit – to non-native speakers of Japanese in three steps. We synthesized a new learning strategy available to students leaning Japanese onomatopoeia using narrative strategies to mimic the learning methods used by native speakers. This was achieved by firstly teaching the formal rules representing the explicit nuances. Secondly, the students created new onomatopoeic words by utilizing those formal rules. Finally, feedback was provided by evaluating the onomatopoeias created through the support system of narrative strategies to provide implicit teaching. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the learning system, we conducted an experiment involving two groups of subjects. While Group A got feedback about the appropriateness of their onomatopoeic constructions from the native speakers’ narrative interpretations, Group B just reviewed the database material like in a traditional classroom. Results indicate our e-learning system has a significant effect on the acquisition of a working understanding of onomatopoeia.
Impacto da internacionalização na carreira de pesquisadores brasileiros
Authors: Garcia Deomara Cristina Damasceno , Garcia Valdir
Published: October 2021

Este estudo objetivou analisar as transformações nas carreiras profissionais dos pesquisadores brasileiros no campo acadêmico nacional após o processo de internacionalização. Foi iniciado na École de Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), em Paris (França), em 2005. A pesquisa abrangeu questionários e entrevistas com 14 pesquisadores brasileiros bolsistas e análises dos currículos via Plataforma Lattes/CNPq, e trata-se de um estudo longitudinal, sendo levantadas informações para identificar a evolução da produção acadêmica e a inserção internacional. Os resultados corroboraram a hipótese de que o processo de internacionalização trouxe transformações positivas de oportunidades nas carreiras dos pesquisadores brasileiros entrevistados, repercutiu em trunfos e distinção, melhor inserção na academia e na produção de conhecimento, atuação em novos cargos acadêmicos e significativo aumento da produção científica no campo acadêmico nacional, mesmo que de forma diferenciada quanto às posições dos pesquisadores quanto ao engajamento no campo acadêmico, sejam eles “mais consolidados” ou “menos consolidados”.
Natural Mechanisms and Methods of Protection against Coronavirus COVID-19
Authors: Bryndin Evgeny
Published: October 2021

Our planet is a living creature that has its own protective viral mechanism. Viruses are activated when people too zealously intervene in the natural processes on the planet and worsen the environment. With a decrease in the spiritual level of society, a deterioration in ecology, climate change, a decrease in the frequency of the Schumann resonator supporting the energy healthy state of the body, pollution of water and soil and other catastrophic disorders of natural processes on the planet, an epidemic and the process of mutation of viruses begins, as a result of which more and more of their species appear. For the people will rise against the people and the kingdom against the kingdom; and there will be earthquakes in places, and there will be smoothness and turmoil. This is the beginning of Mark's disease (13:8). The article discusses natural mechanisms and methods of protection against coronavirus.
Some reflections on marriage and family in (post) modern social space
Authors: Mączka Ewelina M.
Published: October 2021

The article attempts to consider the issues of the position of marriage and family in the post-modern social space. Today's society is characterized by a hedonistic, consumerist lifestyle. Traditional values and religious worship are negated. Postmodernity develops the cult of individuality and presents man with an offer of multiplicity and various choices. The article presents issues related to the cult of individuality, and the topic of marriage and family, in the context of postmodern threats. In the first part of the article, the author deals with the subject of postmodern society and the problem of terminology. The second part of the article deals with the issue of individuality and family presence. In the third part, the author outlines some of the threats to marriage and family in relation to the teachings of Pope Francis.
The priesthood of Christ in the light of John Paul II’s letters to priests for Maundy Thursday
Authors: Nawracała Tomasz
Published: October 2021

The long pontificate of John Paul II was a time for the Church to continue reflecting on the fundamental themes that constitute the identity of the community of Christ’s disciples. Among many subjects, the priesthood appears to be a special topic: on the one hand, through the pope himself and his pastoral activity, and on the other - through a series of documents devoted to the priesthood. This article will present the person of Christ as a priest since it is the starting point for reflection on the priesthood as such. In the mind of the Polish Pope, Christ is the only priest who connects His priesthood with the sacrifice on the cross. This sacrifice includes the perfection of mediation between God and people, and simultaneously, the completion of what Christ possesses eternally as the Son. Sonship, mediation and the priesthood are topics that should be considered together as they not only interpenetrate but also complement each other. Such a broad approach to the subject, however, is limited to the analysis of the Letters to priests for Maundy Thursday.
Pituitary spindle cell oncocytoma: illustrative case
Authors: Taka Taha M. , Yang Chen Yi , Limbo Joshua N. , Chan Alvin Y. , Davies Jordan , Kuan Edward C. , Turner Scott G. , Hsu Frank P. K.
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the pituitary gland is an extremely rare nonfunctional World Health Organization grade I tumor. SCOs are often misdiagnosed as nonfunctional pituitary adenomas on the basis of preoperative imaging. They are often hypervascular and locally adherent, which increases hemorrhage risk and limits resection, leading to increased risk of recurrence. The authors report a case of SCO treated at their institution and provide a review of the current literature.

OBSERVATIONS

SCO of the pituitary gland can be a rare cause of progressively growing pituitary tumors that presents similarly to nonfunctional pituitary adenoma. Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the tumor by a multidisciplinary team allowed total resection despite local adherence of the tumor. Postoperatively, the patient’s visual symptoms improved with persistence of secondary adrenal insufficiency and secondary hypothyroidism.

LESSONS

Careful resection is needed due to SCO’s characteristic hypervascularity and strong adherence to minimize local structure damage. Long-term follow-up is recommended due to the tendency for recurrence.
ORIENTATION OF SORBUS AUCUPARIA LEAVES BY THE RESULTS OF FIELD SURVEYS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE LENINGRAD REGION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Matelenok I. V. , Alekseev F. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Evdokimova E. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: October 2021

Methods for retrieving leaf inclination angles in a forest canopy are considered. To acquire data on the orientation of Sorbus aucuparia leaves, a technique based on leveled camera digital photography well suited for conducting surveys in a boreal forest was used. In the course of field and office work, leaf angle distribution data for the specified species in the Priozersky district of the Leningrad region was obtained and analyzed. Values of the Ross-Nielson integral function were estimated.
BIHEVIORISTIC MODELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL RELIABILITY
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Nazarevich S. A.
Published: October 2021

The article presents behavioral models that describe situational events when introducing new processes or organizing new structural units. The characteristic features for assessing the organizational and technological reliability of new processes, created by integrating normative and technical documents, taking into account the requirements for the attributes of the levels of maturity of processes are presented.
A DYNAMIC-STOCHASTIC PRINCIPLE OF MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Gusman Yu. A. , Pichugin Yu. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: October 2021

The paper considers the dynamic-stochastic approach to the construction and use of predictive models, which is based on the stochastic nature of model parameter estimates. A mathematical apparatus for generating perturbations of model parameters in accordance with their probability distribution is proposed.
SELECTION OF AN OPERATIONAL FAILURE RATE MODEL FOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS BASED ON EXPERT ANALYSIS OF OPERATING EXPERIENCE
Authors:   JSC Radar mms, Artyukhova M. A.
Published: October 2021

Evaluation of reliability indicators is necessary procedure in the design of a technical system. The article consider two failure rate models for integrated circuits and a number of conclusions, derived from model comparison with operating experience.
MODERN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TEACHING OF ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Butenina D. V. , Ivanov A. S. ,   St. Petersburg Mining University
Published: October 2021

Article has survey character and is based on the discussion on technologies for teaching computer and engineering Sciences through the use of modern digital tools and best practices to engineering courses in the period of the pandemic. Experts from Finland, Croatia and France took part in the discussion. The discussion was held within the framework of a foresight session organized by the Foundation “center for strategic research” North-West “ in partnership with the International scientific and methodological center of MEPhI. The article deals with the following topics: collecting a digital trace, features of interaction with students online, psychological aspects of distance learning. also, attention is paid to various platforms and SOFTWARE for providing a remote learning process.
INFLUENCE OF MATRIX ERRORS ON PARAMETER ESTIMATES BY THE LEAST SQUARES METHOD
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Galanina V. A. , Reshetov L. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Sokolovskay M. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Farafonova A. E. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: October 2021

The paper investigates the effect of distorsions of the linear model matrix on the statistical characteristics of the least squares estimates.
IMPACT OF CHANGES IN THE RULES OF ADMISSION TO UNIVERSITIES ON THE COMPOSITION OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS IN ST. PETERSBURG UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Farafonov V. G. , Veshev N. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: October 2021

The article considers the impact of the introduction of the unified state exam on the composition of the 1st-year students of Saint Petersburg universities. The influence on the regional composition, gender composition and admission of preferential categories of applicants is considered.
ALGORITHM FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF SOFTWARE PRODUCTS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Kopyltsov A. V. , Kopyltsov A. A. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI"
Published: October 2021

An algorithm for evaluating the quality of software products is proposed, which includes two levels. At the first level, indicators are considered: operational efficiency, memory efficiency, error tolerance, unified communication procedures, data uniformity, traceability, consistency, information input and output speed, robustness, accuracy, access control, redistribution, availability, simplicity, information input and output volume, community, independence from other software, the availability of measuring tools, modularity, machine independence, brevity, access control, communication, informational content, completeness, the possibility of training. Applying the convolution algorithm to indicators of the first level, we can obtain indicators of the second level: efficiency, integrity, ease of use, practicality, evaluation, reliability, mobility, correctness, flexibility, the ability to use in other conditions, the possibility of interaction, security. Applying the convolution algorithm to the indicators of the second level, we can evaluate the quality of software. The convolution algorithm is the sum of indicators with weighting factors. The difference from other algorithms is that the coefficients are not calculated. Coefficients are subject to conditions. Firstly, the discreteness condition, i.e. coefficients can take only discrete values with a predetermined step. Secondly, the normalization condition, i.e. the sum of all the coefficients is equal to one. Thirdly, the priority condition, i.e. all coefficients are arranged in increasing order. Using this algorithm, we obtain several convolution values. The final result of the convolution will be their arithmetic mean. Using this algorithm, you can evaluate the quality of both software products and other products and services. In particular, this algorithm can be applied to assess the quality of educational services, medical services, etc.
SOLUTION OF THE FILM SPECTRA EQUATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Kotlikov E. N. , Novikova Yu. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Tsarev Yu. N. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: October 2021

The work is analyzing the possibility of unambiguously determining the optical constants of films by spectrophotometric methods. The ambiguity of such a problem and the ways of its solution when using a spectrum section are shown. Based on the analysis performed, methods are considered for finding the optical constants of films with absorption. on the example of the film. The refractive indices of the CaY2F8 film have been determined in the range 1,3–17 μm.
ИСТОРИЯ ОДНОЙ НЕУДАЧИ: ПРОНСКАЯ «ГОРОДОВАЯ ПОДЕЛКА» 1630 г
Authors: Кирпичников И.А.
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена исследованию причин неудачи пронской «городовой поделки» 1630 г. Дворянин М.Ф. Дурной, направленный для организации ремонта местной деревянной крепости, столкнулся с массовым уклонением от повинности, а затем и прямым сопротивлением представителей локального сообщества. Против «горододельца», не располагавшего собственным административным аппаратом, сложилась коалиция местной служилой верхушки и пронских воевод, парализовавшая его деятельность.
К ВОПРОСУ О ВРЕМЕНИ ПРИНЯТИЯ ПОДДАНСТВА РОССИИ ЗАУРАЛЬСКИМИ БАШКИРАМИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РОДА КАРА-ТАБЫН)
Authors: Сальманов А.С.
Published: October 2021

Проблема вхождения зауральских башкир в состав российского государства в работах исследователей рассматривалась лишь в контексте общего вопроса принятия российского подданства всего народа. В связи с этим до сих пор остается слабо изученными ряд вопросов вхождения зауральских (или восточных башкир). Зауральские башкиры с давних времен были связаны с сибирскими татарами, что всегда отражалось на этнополитической истории башкир. Поэтому в исторической науке не теряет свою актуальность изучение этнополитической истории восточных башкир, в том числе вопрос принятия ими российского подданства. Наиболее значимым среди зауральских башкир является восточнотабынская группа башкир, состоящая из трех племен. В этой группе самым крупным является башкирский род кара-табын, являвшийся одной из главных опор сибирского хана Кучума и его потомков. Вопрос вхождения зауральских башкир в состав России следует рассматривать в призме этнополитической истории рода кара-табын.
О ТУРКМЕНАХ, ПОЖАЛОВАННЫХ АЛЕКСАНДРОМ III И НИКОЛАЕМ II В ЧИНЫ, А ТАКЖЕ ЦАРСКИМИ НАГРАДАМИ И ПОДАРКАМИ
Authors: Соегов М.
Published: October 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с пожалованием чинов, наград и подарков государями императорами России в последние десятилетия XIX в. и в начале ХХ в. таким знатным туркменам того периода, как Тыкма-сердар, Кульбатырсердар, Овезкули-сердар, Махтумкули-хан, Гюлджамал-ханша, Юсуп-хан, Ураз-Берды (генерал Ораз-сердар) и др.
О ПОЕЗДКЕ ГЛАВНОНАЧАЛЬСТВУЮЩЕГО КАВКАЗА А.М. ДОНДУКОВА-КОРСАКОВА К ТУРКМЕНАМ ЗАКАСПИЙСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ВЕСНОЙ 1884 г. И НЕКОТОРЫХ ПОСЛЕДУЮЩИХ СОБЫТИЯХ
Authors: Соегова А.М.
Published: October 2021

По материалам газеты «Кавказ» в статье описаны основные события, происходившие во время и после пребывания главноначальствующего Кавказского края, генерал-адъютанта князя А.М. Дондукова-Корсакова (1820–1893) в Закаспийской области в апреле–мае 1884 г. Основное внимание уделено его встречам с представителями местного туркменского населения. Туркмены по-своему именовали российского императора и главноначальствующего Кавказа: Ак-Падишах («Белый Царь») и Ярым-Падишах («Полуцарь»).
ЭПИСТОЛЯРНЫЕ ОБРАЩЕНИЯ РУССКИХ ПИСАТЕЛЕЙ ВЛАСТЯМ КАК ИСТОЧНИК ПО ИСТОРИИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ВЛАСТИ И ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ: НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РУССКОЙ СЛОВЕСНОСТИ XIX в.
Authors: Суровцева Е.В.
Published: October 2021

В статье ставится вопрос о необходимости комплексного изучения эпистолярных обращений писателей к обладающим властью лицам (царям и их приближенным – чиновникам разных рангов) на материале русской литературы XIX в. Перечисляются и кратко характеризуются 4 подразновидности этого специфического эпистолярного жанра (письмо-жалоба/просьба/оправдание, письмо-декларация, письмодифирамб/благодарность/творческий отчет, письмо-инвектива; письмо-донос нами не рассматривается), называются адресанты, адресаты, а также количество писем. Комплексный анализ этого материала поможет нам глубже осознать механизмы и принципы взаимодействия власти и литературы в целом, а также конкретных писателей и представителей чиновничьего аппарата.
YUSUF AKÇURA IN BERLIN. MATERIALIEN ZUM AUFENTHALT DES TÜRKISCHTATARISCHEN KOMITEES IN DER DEUTSCHEN HAUPTSTADT IM JANUAR 1916 [ЮСУФ АКЧУРИН В БЕРЛИНЕ. МАТЕРИАЛЫ О ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ «ТЮРКОТАТАРСКОГО КОМИТЕТА» В ГЕРМАНСКОЙ СТОЛИЦЕ В ЯНВАРЕ 1916 г.]
Authors: Cwiklinsk S.
Published: October 2021

В предлагаемой вниманию читателей статье, которая является продолжением научного издания документов, изданного автором статьи вместе с московским исследователем Салаватом Исхаковым в 2016 г., представляются материалы из берлинской прессы о деятельности в германской столице в январе 1916 г. созданного тюркскими эмигрантами во главе с татарином Юсуфом Акчуриным в ноябре 1915 г. в Стамбуле «Тюрко-татарского комитета». Члены упомянутого комитета совершили в 1915–1916 гг. путешествия по странам-союзникам Германии и Османской империи в Центральной Европе, чтобы убедить европейскую публику о необходимости защиты прав тюрков-мусульман Российской империи. Во время пребывания членов комитета в Берлине в январе 1916 г., которое было организовано посольством Османской империи в Германии, ими был проведен ряд публичных мероприятий, в рамках которых они представляли свои требования берлинской публике.
СТРУКТУРЫ ИМПЕРСКИХ ОРГАНОВ ЮСТИЦИИ НА ЮЖНОМ УРАЛЕ В ДОРЕФОРМЕННЫЙ ПЕРИОД: ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Воропанов В.А.
Published: October 2021

В XVIII в. форсировались процессы интеграции восточных областей России. Изменение политико-административного статуса Башкирии в 1736–1744 гг. сопровождалось реформированием местной системы органов юстиции, адаптированной к социально-политическим и этнокультурным условиям ее функционирования. В конце XVIII в. реформированная система юстиции превратилась в один из ключевых факторов правовой аккультурации населения и завершения «дефронтиризации» Южного Урала – Оренбургского края. В первой половине XIX в. На Южном Урале продолжался поиск оптимальной модели организации правосудия, объединявшей суды общей, сословной и специальной подсудности, а также органы общей и отраслевой административной юстиции.
Feijão-fava: doenças virais e fúngicas
Authors: Bessera Jr José Evando Aguiar , Barguil Beatriz Meireles
Published: October 2021

O feijão-fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.) é cultivado majoritariamente por pequenos produtores da região Nordeste do Brasil. Apesar da importância econômica e social, os estudos sobre etiologia, epidemiologia e manejo de doenças foi por muito tempo negligenciada. Esta revisão traz as informações mais recentes sobre as principais doenças do feijão-fava no Brasil, que tem como agentes etiológicos os vírus e os fungos. São abordados aspectos da sintomatologia, etiologia e manejo do mosaico e mosaico dourado, antracnose, podridão de carvão, murcha de fusário e podridão do colo.
Management of bacterial halo blight and other coffee crop diseases
Authors: Patrício Flávia Rodrigues Alves , Beriam Luis Otávio Saggion , Santos José Maria Fernandes dos , Moraes Arivaldo de , Rossi Agnaldo , Reis Joao Carlos Seixas , Almeida Irene Maria Gatti de
Published: October 2021

Bacterial halo blight (BHB), caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, has reemerged as an important disease in Brazil, especially in coffee cultivated at high altitude in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo. In this study we evaluated copper-based antimicrobial compounds (CBACs), the antibiotic kasugamycin and the resistant inducers acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and phosphite for BHB management in four experiments carried out in coffee crops in the municipalities of Caconde and Altinópolis, São Paulo State, Brazil. Fungicides to control brown leaf spot (BLS), a disease caused by Boeremia exigua pv. coffea, were also included in two experiments, because both diseases frequently occur simultaneously. Copper oxychloride, copper hydroxide, antibiotic, and ASM mixture with copper hydroxide, and phosphite reduced BHB incidence and had no phytotoxic effects on flowers or pin-head berries. Mixtures of boscalid or pyraclostrobin with copper hydroxide were compatible and effective for the simultaneous control of BHB and BLS. In this study, we showed that August-September is the most important period to control BHB in Brazil and lasts until December, when disease incidence increases, and flowers and pin-head berries are being formed.
Online Section: The Romano-British Villa and Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Eccles, Kent
Authors: Stoodley Nick , Cosh Stephen R.
Published: October 2021

Full size maps shown in sections within monogrpah.
Adaptation and Validation of the Memory Alteration Test (M@T) in Greek Middle-Aged, Older, and Older-Old Population with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Lazarou Ioulietta , Moraitou Despina , Papatheodorou Marianna , Vavouras Isaak , Lokantidou Chrysanthi , Agogiatou Christina , Gialaoutzis Moses , Nikolopoulos Spiros , Stavropoulos Thanos G. , Kompatsiaris Ioannis , Tsolaki Magda
Published: October 2021

Background: The Memory Alteration Test (M@T) is a verbal episodic and semantic memory screening test able to detect subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Objective: To adapt M@T, creating a Greek version of the Memory Alteration Test (M@T-GR), and to validate M@T-GR compared to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Subjective Cognitive Decline- Questionnaire (SCD-Q) MyCog and TheirCog. Methods: 232 people over 55 years old participated in the study and they were classified as healthy controls (HC, n = 65), SCD (n = 78), or MCI (n = 89). Results: The ANCOVA showed that the M@T-GR’s total score was significantly different in HC and SCD (I-J = 2.26, p = 0.032), HC and MCI (I-J = 6.16, p < 0.0001), and SCD compared to MCI (I-J = 3.90, p < 0.0001). In particular, a cut-off score of 46.50 points had an 81%sensitivity and 61%specificity for discriminating HC from SCD (AUC = 0.76, p < 0.0001), while a cut-off score of 45.50 had a sensitivity of 92%and a specificity of 73%for discriminating MCI (AUC = 0.88, p < 0.0001), and a cut-off score of 45.50 points had a sensitivity of 63%and a specificity of 73%for discriminating SCD from those with MCI (AUC = 0.69, p < 0.0021). Exploratory factor analysis indicated that there was one factor explaining 38.46%of the total variance. Internal consistency was adequate (α= 0.75), while convergent validity was found between M@T-GR and MMSE (r = 0.37, p < 0.0001) and SCD-Q TheirCog (r = –0.32, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The M@T-GR is a good to fair screening tool with adequate discriminant validity for administration in people with SCD and MCI in Greece.
Differences in Functional Brain Networks Between Subjective Cognitive Decline with and without Worry Groups: A Graph Theory Study from SILCODE
Authors: Liu Yi , Li Zhuoyuan , Jiang Xueyan , Du Wenying , Wang Xiaoqi , Sheng Can , Jiang Jiehui , Han Ying
Published: October 2021

Background: Evidence suggests that subjective cognitive decline (SCD) individuals with worry have a higher risk of cognitive decline. However, how SCD-related worry influences the functional brain network is still unknown. Objective: In this study, we aimed to explore the differences in functional brain networks between SCD subjects with and without worry. Methods: A total of 228 participants were enrolled from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline (SILCODE), including 39 normal control (NC) subjects, 117 SCD subjects with worry, and 72 SCD subjects without worry. All subjects completed neuropsychological assessments, APOE genotyping, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Graph theory was applied for functional brain network analysis based on both the whole brain and default mode network (DMN). Parameters including the clustering coefficient, shortest path length, local efficiency, and global efficiency were calculated. Two-sample T-tests and chi-square tests were used to analyze differences between two groups. In addition, a false discovery rate-corrected post hoc test was applied. Results: Our analysis showed that compared to the SCD without worry group, SCD with worry group had significantly increased functional connectivity and shortest path length (p = 0.002) and a decreased clustering coefficient (p = 0.013), global efficiency (p = 0.001), and local efficiency (p < 0.001). The above results appeared in both the whole brain and DMN. Conclusion: There were significant differences in functional brain networks between SCD individuals with and without worry. We speculated that worry might result in alterations of the functional brain network for SCD individuals and then result in a higher risk of cognitive decline.
Aducanumab (Marketed as Aduhelm) Approval Is Likely Based on Misinterpretation of PET Imaging Data
Authors: Høilund-Carlsen Poul F. , Alavi Abass
Published: October 2021

According to the FDA, aducanumab (Aduhelm), the recently approved anti-Alzheimer drug, reduces the level of cerebral amyloid plaques—a hallmark finding in patients with Alzheimer’s disease—and this will result in a reduction in clinical decline. The authors of this article are not convinced that amyloid deposits are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease and are of the opinion that the apparent reduction in amyloid accumulation following aducanumab treatment is likely instead a result of continued and advanced cerebral cell death and, thus, not a sign of improvement but of an even more advanced disease.
Laboratory investigation of arsenic removal from the aquatic environment using nano adsorbents extracted from native zeolite
Authors: Mousavi Moghanjooghi Saeed , Khoramnejadian Shahrzad , Fataei Ebrahim , Monsan Ali Asghar
Published: October 2021

The presence of arsenic in water is a major problem in communities due to its toxicity and hazard. The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal efficiency of arsenic by CTAB-modified clinoptilolite zeolite from aqueous solution. The effect of contact time, pH, ionic strength, zeolite dose and CTAB concentration on arsenic removal were investigated. Structural analysis of XRD showed that the adsorbent used in this study was composed of clinoptilolite due to three strong peaks in 9.8, 22 and 27 degrees with intervals of 8.9, 3.9 and 3.1. Optimum condition for effective adsorption were obtained at pH = 3, zeolite dose of 5 g L–1, CTAB concentration of 5 mM, ionic strength of 0.1 M sodium chloride and contact time of 10 minutes. This study suggested that, the CTAB modified zeolite can be used as an effective and inexpensive adsorbent to remove arsenic from aqueous solutions, since it is a low-cost, abundant and locally available.
Exploring chemistry features of favipiravir in octanol/water solutions
Authors: Rajabzadeh Halimeh , Sharafat Ayla , Abbasi Maryam , Eslami Gharaati Maryam , Alipourfard Iraj
Published: October 2021

Favipiravir (Fav) has become a well-known drug for medication of patients by appearance of COVID-19. Heterocyclic structure and connected peptide group could make changes for Fav yielding different features from those required features. Therefore, it is indeed a challenging task to prepare a Fav compound with specific features of desired function. In this work, existence of eight Fav structures by tautomeric formations and peptide group rotations were obtained using density functional theory (DFT) optimization calculations. Gas phase, octanol solution, and water solution were employed to show impact of solution on features of Fav besides obtaining partition coefficients (LogP) for Fav compounds. Significant impacts of solutions were seen on features of Fav with the obtained LogP order: Fav-7 > Fav-8 > Fav-4 > Fav-3 > Fav-2 > Fav-5 > Fav-1 > Fav-6. As a consequence, internal changes yielded significant impacts on features of Fav affirming its carful medication of COVID-19 patients.
Early motor development in infants with moderate or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: DeMauro S.B. , Burkhardt M. , Wood A. , Nilan K. , Jensen E.A. , Bamat N.A. , Zhang H. , Gibbs K.
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:

Timely development of early motor skills is essential for later skill development in multiple domains. Infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have significant risk for developmental delays. Early motor skill development in this population has not been described. The aim of the present study was to characterize motor skill acquisition at 3 and 6 months corrected age (CA) and assess trajectories of skill development over this time period in infants with severe BPD.

METHODS:

We performed a single-center, retrospective descriptive study. Motor skills were categorized as present and normal, present but atypical, or absent at 3 and 6 months CA. Logistic regression was used to identify clinical characteristics associated with negative trajectories of skill acquisition.

RESULTS:

Data were available for 232 infants and 187 infants at 3 and 6 months CA, respectively. Ten motor skills were present and normal in 5–44%(range) of subjects at 3 months. Nineteen motor skills were present and normal in 1–63%(range) of subjects at 6 months. Significant postural asymmetry was noted throughout the study period. Loss of skills and worsening asymmetries over time were common. Exposure to sedating medications was significantly associated with poor development.

CONCLUSION:

We report delays in motor skill acquisition and postural asymmetries in infants with severe BPD at both 3 and 6 months CA. The association between sedating medications and poor development suggests that efforts to limit these exposures may lead to improved development. Targeted interventions to facilitate early motor development may improve outcomes of this high-risk population.