bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrity in the Singapore Police through the prism of anti-corruption programs: legal aspects
Authors: Anheleniuk A.-M.Y.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the use of the category of integrity among Singapore police officers, as well as some aspects of the country's anti-corruption programs that are implemented and operate in conjunction with the rules of integrity and ethical conduct. Since, today in Ukraine, the issue of integrity in the police is becoming relevant, it becomes necessary to study foreign experience in this regard. In view of the above, it is suggested to pay attention to Singapore's experience in using the category of integrity, as it is in this country that both anti-corruption measures and measures aimed at maintaining integrity are successfully combined. The purpose of the article is to study foreign experience in maintaining integrity among police officers on the example of Singapore, which is valuable in the implementation of this category in the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. The following methods were used: comparative law - to compare the legal provisions relating to integrity and anti-corruption activities; methods of logical and systematic analysis - to highlight the key points of anti-corruption measures in Singapore and maintain good behavior among police officers. Among the factors that support the good behavior of employees is an improved system of selection and recruitment for the police. Also, an important role is given to the process of training police officers. Attention is drawn to the Singapore police training program, which aims to create a negative understanding of corruption as a phenomenon in police officers. The value training introduced for the basic training courses is characterized by the fact that it contains information on the investigation of the actual cases of police officers accused in court of criminal offenses and corruption. Importantly, the Singapore Police Training Program focuses police awareness on the negativity of corruption.
The definition of «ship» by international and national regulations
Authors: Dopilko V. O. , Shchegolska K. O.
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the definition of «ship» by international and national regulations. It is noted that there are many examples of the legal definition of «ship». There are attempts in international law to define the term «ship».

The definition of «ship» under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships contains a tautology, as the term «ship» is defined as «ship». Thus, for this Convention, a ship is understood to mean not only ships in the usual sense of the term but also «stationary or floating platforms». In other international legal acts, there is also no unambiguous (universal) interpretation of the concept of «ship». And in one of the most important sources of international maritime law - the comprehensive universal The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982, although the term «ship» is often used, there is no norm-definition that should explain it. Based on the study, several features that are inherent in the vessel, namely: the concept of the vessel, is applied only to the Merchant shipping code of Ukraine, and the vessel is understood as a «self-propelled or non-self-propelled floating structure». However, the restriction of the vessel as a «floating structure» from other «floating objects» can be carried out for their intended purpose. Thus, «floating objects», in contrast to ships, are not intended for permanent stay in a floating state but are brought into such a state for their one-time movement or specific work. Therefore, they should not be considered as vessels - rafts, sealed tanks, which are towed to the place of their installation (pipes, tanks, pontoons), delivered on a tug in a floating state of metal structures (oil rigs, bridge spans, etc.).

Based on the study, it was concluded that the  Merchant shipping code of Ukraine  uses concepts of the same meaning: ship (so-called section II Merchant shipping code of Ukraine and this concept is used in the title of many articles), merchant ship (Part 1 of Article 15 of the Merchant shipping code of Ukraine), sea vessel (Part 1 of Article 13 of the Merchant shipping code of Ukraine). Therefore, to improve the Merchant shipping code of Ukraine, it should be borne in mind that the concepts of «ship», «merchant ship», «sea vessel» are differentiated and have different meanings and relate to each other as general and special.
Transforming the policies of international organizations of the EU and NATO in order to ensure the energy security of member states
Authors: Kononenko V. , Novikova L. , Kharchenko I.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of international energy security. It was perceived as part of general international security, and as a branch of national security. But new threats require that regional international organizations and military-political organizations, such as the EU and NATO, address this issue. When Russia cut off gas supplies through Ukraine in 2006 and 2009, some industrial production was suspended. This caused significant economic damage. This showed a clear vulnerability on the part of NATO countries and the possibility of using energy mechanisms against them in the future. Therefore, a stable supply of fuel has become a very important factor for Allies.

It is expected that the actions of European countries to reduce CO2 emissions and replace carbon fuel with environmentally friendly energy will put pressure on the economy of oil and gas exporters. This will also have an indirect impact on importers, in particular NATO member states. The pursuit of clean energy carries not only benefits but also risks.

The implications of switching to alternative energy sources for individual fossil fuel producers will vary. In some countries there may be social unrest, political crises until the collapse of the state. The latter can lead to waves of migration to Europe or the United States. The policies of individual states, which will lose legal sources of budget replenishment, and especially if they become a haven for terrorists, may become more aggressive.

When formulating energy security policy, the possibility of using the energy sector as a weapon by individual states to achieve their foreign policy goals should be taken into account. Therefore, each state (union of states) will try to achieve a higher level of not only energy security, but also protection from associated threats.
Theoretical and practical features of communal property disposal under ukrainian legislation
Authors: Byelov D. M. , Novak O. O.
Published: April 2022

Theoretical and practical features of the management of communal property in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine are studied. The position on the need to qualitatively expand the content of the existing principles of communal property management was supported. The author is of the opinion that the formation of effective local self-government as part of the goal of the administrative-territorial reform introduced in Ukraine requires, among other things, taking into account the general principles of economic activity, including greater dispositiveness in decision-making by local governments.

Gaps have been identified within the limits set by the current legislation for the management of communally owned property in correlation with approaches to the implementation of business relations in Ukraine.

An analysis of the current legal framework governing the boundaries and procedures for decision-making on the management of communal property revealed a lack of declarative rules that determine the prerequisites and procedures for the transfer of communal property from the common property of territorial communities in Ukraine. Author expressed an opinion that the existing procedure of managing objects of property rights of territorial communities, as an element of powers of the property owner, restrains the action of the principle of material and financial independence of local self-government enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine.

It has been established that one of the key criteria that should be followed by entities empowered to manage communal property is social orientation in making any organizational and business decisions.

The idea of outsourcing as one of the most pragmatic ways to improve the efficiency of communal property management is supported given its wide range of optimization properties. The author also noted the possibility of delimitation of powers between local governments to manage the common property of territorial communities in the context of contractual relations established on the basis of voluntary cooperation and mutual responsibility.
Legal regulation of liability for environmental pollution in the carriage of dangerous goods by sea
Authors: Dopilka V. O. , Matienko K. G.
Published: April 2022

The article considers the international legal norms and legislation of Ukraine in the field of responsibility for pollution of the marine environment during the transportation of dangerous goods, the main trends in the development of maritime navigation and environmental protection.

The concept and essence of ecological safety of the World Ocean is defined.

The author considers the main provisions of the Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Transportation of Dangerous Goods", as well as international norms contained in the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution (1969), the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971), the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (1976), the International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Dangerous and Harmful Substances by Sea (1996), the International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (1973).

The above regulations contain recommendations and regulate the liability of the shipowner for damage from oil pollution from ships, release of the shipowner from liability for damage from pollution by oil and other harmful substances from ships, intent or gross negligence of the victim in cases of oil pollution. or more vessels for damage from pollution, the issue of limiting the liability of the shipowner for damage from pollution, loss of the right to limit liability for damage from pollution by hazardous substances from ships, as well as insurance and other financial support for liability for damage from pollution from ships.

The analysis of normative acts of international and domestic legislation allowed to study the conceptual provisions of the problem, as well as to conclude that it is necessary to implement international law in the national legislation of Ukraine on ways to solve the problem of marine pollution from ships.
The role of the latest scientific and technical means and forensic knowledge in the activities of the investigator
Authors: Yaremchuk V.O.
Published: April 2022

Today, for the effective work of the investigator it is necessary to use a variety of the latest innovative scientific and technical tools and criminalistics knowledge. Thus, the science of criminalistic is constantly evolving and creating innovative forensic tools for their implementation in the activities of the investigator in a competitive criminal process. Currently, investigators must use the latest developments in forensic technology. The use of criminalistics knowledge is also important. It is worth remembering that today the world is rapidly developing technical sciences.And criminalistic as a dynamic science that is constantly expanding its boundaries, adapts the achievements of other sciences in order to create the latest scientific and technical product to increase efficiency and optimize the investigation of criminal offenses. The use of certain types of scientific and technical means requires careful study of criminalistics science to provide recommendations on the possibilities of their use in the investigation of criminal offenses. The practice of investigating crimes in European countries shows that the views of law enforcement scientists and practitioners on the possibility of using the latest scientific and technical tools, which, of course, must be implemented in the investigative practice of investigating criminal offenses.Developments in the field of introduction of innovative scientific and technical means in the study of human footprints, in particular, biometric technologies are relevant today.Some aspects of the topic on the role of using the latest scientific and technical tools and criminalistics knowledge in the investigation of criminal offenses were considered in the works of such scientists as GK Avdeeva, VA Zhuravel, SP Lapta, RL Stepanyuk, V. IN. Negrebetsky, V. Yu. Shepitko and others. However, the arsenal of scientific and technical tools is constantly updated, which requires further development in the field of criminalistics. Therefore, the aim of the article is to consider the role of the latest scientific and technical tools and criminalistics knowledge in the activities of the investigator.
Category “national interests” through the prism of ensuring individual and collective human rights
Authors: Petretska N. , Stavychny P.
Published: April 2022

The national interests are important aspect of the existence and development of any organized social structure, which is able to organize and exercise positive control over the behavior of people in the relevant field and territory. Understanding the category "national interests" through the ensuring individual and collective human rights is inextricably linked with the existence of a full-fledged rule of law.

Ensuring human rights, at the same time without violating "national interests" is possible only through the legal regulation and the domestic and international institutions effectiveness. The most effective regulation, including internal coherence, might take place through the prism of understanding individual and collective rights. To our opinion, this approach would indicate the rule of law in the category of "national interests".

Сlassifying interests on various grounds, the prefix "national" to the word interests determines its interpretation which is based on the state patriotism and sovereign security. According our point of view, this phenomenon is manifested that the interests of the state are placed above the interests of human.

To our opinion, the national interests are the constitutional and legal category, because they are enshrined in the Basic Law of the state and formed by society. In the inductive and deductive sense, the national interests are provided by the ratio of values and the choice of means and methods of their ensuring. In the event of a threat to national interests, it is necessary to consider which values will be a priority for protection and which can be sacrificed in case of extreme necessity. On the contrary, it is necessary to take into account which values will be provided first in the absence of any threats, and which will change to secondary.
Foreign experience in children and youth football management in the context of digital technologies (social aspect)
Authors: Filonenko N. V.
Published: April 2022

The article actualizes the problem of managing youth football in Russia. The author from an original point of view examines the successful foreign experience of managing youth football on the example of Germany, England, Brazil in the context of the development of mass character through the use of digital technologies and franchises. At the end of the article, a theoretical analysis is summarized, aspects are outlined that, in the author’s opinion, can be borrowed from foreign experience for their adaptation in the management process of Russian football academies or schools.
Innovative activity of territories in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Vlasenko K. A.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the trends of innovative activity of the territories of the Russian Federation in the conditions of digitalization. A number of indicators characterizing the innovation potential of federal districts and the level of digitalization of organizations in the country are presented. Rosstat data were used for the analysis. Using the method of correlation and regression analysis, a high relationship was revealed between the indicators of internal costs in these areas of the economy. The resulting coefficient of determination indicates good approximation accuracy.
Social responsibility of business in the current economic conditions
Authors: Repkina O. B. , Rusavskaya A. V.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the essence of the social responsibility of business in modern economic conditions. The levels of social responsibility, potential principles for the implementation of social responsibility, the main participants and stakeholders, directions of distribution and prospects for further development are considered. In addition, the article defines business tasks that help solve projects in the field of corporate social responsibility.
Miconchus prokini sp. nov. (Nematoda: Mononchida) from lake El'gygytgyn, Chukotka, Russia
Authors:   Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS, Gagarin Vladimir G. , Gusakov Vladimir A. ,   Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS
Published: April 2022

A new nematode species in the order Mononchida, Miconchus prokini sp. nov., found in Lake El'gygytgyn (Chukotka, Russia) is described and illustrated. The new species is the largest member of the genus known to date. It is morphologically close to Miconchus rex in the big body size, vulva position in females, the number of precloacal supplements in males and in the relative length of the pharynx in both sexes, but it has a longer body (L = 7.7–13.1 mm in M. prokini vs. L = 6.5–7.0 mm in M. rex) and spicules (225–252 µm in M. prokini vs. 180 µm in M. rex), and a shorter tail (c = 9.3–15.2 in M. prokini vs. c = 5.3–7.1 in M. rex).
"Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Training for Self-Compassion and Self-Protection in Individuals with Increased Narcissism"
Authors:   Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia., BARÁNKOVÁ Martina , VAĎUROVÁ Katarína ,   Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Published: April 2022

"Objective: The goal of the study was to map out the effectiveness of a 14-day online intervention (EFT-SCP) focused on self-compassion and self-protection in people with an increased level of narcissism. Method: The research sample consisted of 63 participants, 19 men and 44 women, aged 21 to 70 years (M = 32.49; SD = 15.73). Participants were randomly assigned to intervention group (N = 32) or to the passive control group (N = 31). Results: The results indicate that the self-compassion level in the experimental group did not increase following the intervention. However, the same group scored significantly lower on self-criticism after taking part in the intervention. Conclusion: Short term online intervention was able to decrease self-criticism in subclinical population with increased traits of narcissism but was not effective in increasing self-compassion. It seems that in individuals with increased narcissism, it could take longer to develop kind and warm feelings towards self, connected to self-compassion. The process of decreasing self-criticism was effective and could be the starting point for further cultivating of self."
Remoción de arsénico, cromo y vanadio de agua residual mediante un proceso combinado de ferroxidación y precipitación química
Authors:   , Torres León Diego Abraham
Published: April 2022

In this thesis the optimization of a process to removal arsenic, chromium and vanadium dissolved in industrial wastewater by ferroxidation with Fe (0) chips, chemical precipitation and a process combining both techniques was studied. Ferroxidation was studied based on a 2k factorial design to know which parameters that influence the process significantly, four parameters were analyzed: pollutant concentration, iron chip size, amount of chip used and residence time. Only residence time significantly affected efficiency. From initial concentrations of 14.16 mg/L of As, 12.82 mg/L of Cr and 13.53 mg/L of V, after the ferroxidation process with 8 h of residence time, removal efficiencies of 98.17% of As, 98.64% of Cr and 98.04% of V were obtained using 20 g of chip size <1 mm. Despite these efficiencies, arsenic concentration was over the limit established in NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996 (DOF, 2018); however when the residence time was increased to 16 h the concentration was below the limit established for the three pollutants. Ferroxidation process was optimized by reducing the amount of iron to 1 g and varying the residence time in an interval of 8. It was the intention to reduce the long residence times and the large amount of sludge produced, considered hazardous waste. In 4 h a removal greater than 98% in As and 100% in V was observed, however, the removal of Cr was close to 90%, which implied concentrations that exceeded the limits of the regulations. Therefore, the combination of ferroxidation, with 4 hours of residence time, with a chemical precipitation process was proposed. The same concentrations were used as in the evaluation of ferroxidation, CaO was also used as a precipitating agent. Final removals of 99.5% of As, 98.56% of Cr and greater than 99% of V were obtained. The final concentrations of the three pollutants fulfill Mexican regulations.
Frente a la indolencia, el cine en resistencia. Imágenes de la frontera en la filmografía de Bahman Ghobadi
Authors:   , Rodríguez García Violeta
Published: April 2022

En esta investigación se analizan las películas A time for drunken horses (2000), The songs of my mother's land (2002), Turtles can fly (2004) y Halfmoon (2006); escritas, producidas y dirigidas por el cineasta kurdo Bahman Ghobadi. El objetivo de nuestro estudio consiste en problematizar las formas que los agentes culturales kurdos –frecuentemente marginados– eligen para crear, registrar y difundir representaciones propias de su cultura e historia. Concretamente, la pesquisa que se presenta a continuación busca analizar el modo en que Ghobadi, como agente cultural y miembro de la etnia kurda, representa a la frontera en un horizonte específico y, a partir de dicho análisis, reflexionar en torno la intencionalidad que subyace a la representación que construye.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA ADAPTIF PUSKESMAS TEGALLALANG II KABUPATEN GIANYAR DALAM PROGRAM PENGENTASAN STUNTING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Pranati Ni Kadek Esilia Septigar , Januraga Pande Putu
Published: April 2022

The stunting alleviation program is a national priority during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus encouraging primary health center to adapt. It is necessary to conduct research to determine the implementation of the adaptive culture of the Tegallalang II Primary Health Center in Gianyar Regency in the stunting alleviation program during the COVID-19 pandemic through the dimensions of creating change, customer focus, and organizational learning. The design of this research is descriptive with qualitative methods. The research informants were 16 people from health workers in the working area of ??the Tegallalang II Primary Health Center who were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data collection instrument used in-depth interview guidelines. The results showed that the Tegallalang II Primary Health Center had the main quality of customer-centered cultural adaptive culture. Change depends on the organization and the individual. The unpreparedness of health human resources is a major factor in the barriers to change. The lack of knowledge sharing activities causes the organizational level learning aspect to be less active. Internal and external support from health center is needed to increase the quantity of human resources and improve organizational learning.

Key words: Adaptive Culture, Primary Health Center, Stunting Alleviation Program, COVID-19 Pandemic
BIOAKUMULASI DAN ANALISIS RISIKO KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DARI PENCEMARAN LOGAM BERAT Pb DAN Cd PADA IKAN YANG DITANGKAP DI TUKAD BADUNG, DENPASAR
Authors: Palgunadi Ni Putu Gita Saraswati , Purnama I Gede Herry
Published: April 2022

Tukad Badung is a river that crosses Badung and Denpasar Regencies. 3 locations are often used for fishing, namely Tukad Korea, Fishing Park, and Muara Dam. Previous research showed that this river polluted by Pb and Cd. This research is a descriptive observational study with a field survey method on levels of lead and cadmium in fish that have been caught in Tukad Badung and survey of fish consumption habits to predict public health risks. This study uses an Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) approach. Fish samples selection used purposive sampling and convenient sampling for respondent selection. Laboratory results showed that the levels of Pb in mujair ranged from 0.1104-0.5012 ppm, and in Tilapia ranged from 0.0928-0.4462 ppm. The average lead in the two types of fish has exceeded the maximum limit of Pb in fish as regulated in PerBPOM No.23.2017. Health risk calculations showed the value of EDI show that the daily intake of Pb is classified as high risk. THQ value of Pb indicates a low level of non-carcinogenic risk. TR value for Pb indicates a low level of carcinogenic risk. Meanwhile, the value of EDI, THQ, HI and TR of Cd could not be calculated.

Keywords:  Lead, Cadmium, Fish, Environmental Health Risk Assessment
HUBUNGAN KECUKUPAN ENERGI, STATUS GIZI, BEBAN KERJA DENGAN KEJADIAN KELELAHAN KERJA (WORK FATIGUE) PADA PEKERJA DI JASA EKSPEDISI KOTA DENPASAR SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Wahyuni Kadek Candra Dwi , Utami Ni Wayan Arya
Published: April 2022

The high demand for delivery of goods from online shopping activities carried out by the public due to restrictions on activities during the Covid-19 pandemic certainly affects expedition services, especially couriers to experience work fatigue. Work fatigue can be influenced by energy sufficiency, nutritional status, and workload. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between adequacy of energy sufficiency, nutritional status, workload with the incidence of work fatigue in workers in Denpasar City expedition services during the Covid-19 pandemic. Quantitative research design with approach cross sectional. The research sample was all couriers on two selected expedition services with a total of 115 respondents, the sampling technique used was the total sampling method. The result showed that 93,91% of couriers experienced mild fatigue, had normal nutritional status (81,74%), lacked energy sufficiency (86,94%), and light workload (93,04%). Bivariable test showed there was no relationship between energy sufficiency and work fatigue (p = 0.290), but there was a relationship between nutritional status and workload to the experience of work fatigue (p = 0.000). Suggestions in this study for couriers service to pays attention to health by eating varied foods, maintaining ideal body weight, and taking overtime capacity to be more scheduled.

Keywords: Work Fatigue, Energy Sufficiency, Nutritional Status, Workload
VAKSINASI RABIES PADA ANJING OLEH PEMILIK DAN FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI WILAYAH SANUR, DENPASAR
Authors: Wauran Mary Amalia , Subrata I Made
Published: April 2022

Rabies can be prevented and managed effectively through routine rabies vaccinations for dogs, with vaccination coverage reaching 70% to form herd immunity. The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic caused the implementation of rabies vaccination for dogs in The Sanur Region to experience limitations, resulting in a decrease in rabies vaccination coverage. The purpose of this study was to determine rabies vaccination in dogs by owners and related factors during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Sanur area, based on the Precede-Proceed Model theory by Lawrence Green. This study uses a quantitative analytical observational method with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted from March to May 2021, using primary data from 155 dog owners who live in The Sanur Region of Denpasar, and were selected based on proportional random sampling. Primary data collected from online questionnaires were analyzed in three stages, descriptive analysis, different proportion test (chi square), and logistic regression test. The results of the analysis using the chi square test and logistic regression showed that only three variables had a significant influence on the behavior of dog owners in giving rabies vaccinations for their dogs during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely education (OR=140.68;95%CI:10, 77-1837.64), income (OR=13.04;95%CI:2.98-57.06), and knowledge (OR=32.36;95%CI:9.43-111.08).

Keywords: Rabies Vaccination, Dog Owner Behavior
NEUROGENIC PULMONARY EDEMA: KOMPLIKASI YANG MENGANCAM JIWA AKIBAT KERUSAKAN BERAT SISTEM SARAF PUSAT
Authors: Gumantara M. Panji Bintang
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) is one of the complications due to severe damage of the central nervous system (CNS). The incidence is about 2-8% in the world and  still rarely reported. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) commonly found in cases of intracranial hemorrhage such as SDH, SAH, and ICH, in conditions of uncontrolled epilepsy and recurrent seizures, and in some cases of spinal cord trauma. The pathogenesis of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) cannot be fully understood, but there are 2 theories of the occurrence of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE), the first namely as theory of hemodynamic changes and the second is NPE trigger zones involving the central control of the brain's autonomic and cardiovascular system. Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) has an acute and chronic onset, which is characterized by ARDS-like symptoms such as dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, reddish sputum, crackles in auscultation, and radiological features in the form of diffuse alveolar infiltrat bilateral. Early recognition of signs and symptoms of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) can improve the patient's outcome. Initial treatment of this condition uses two management principles, first overcoming the underlying disease condition and second is supportive therapy, such as mechanical ventilator, ECMO, and transpulmonary thermodilution, the use of diuretics, and controlling fluid therapy.
CORED (CHRONIC-RELAPSING DEPRESSION) PREVENTION: PENDEKATAN NOVEL BERBASIS APLIKASI SELULER PADA PASIEN GANGGUAN DEPRESI
Authors: Sandra Sandra , Ramayanti Ni Putu Nadia , Larasati Made Syanindita Putri , Semadi I Made Siswadi , Ruma I Made Winarsa , Sumardika I Wayan
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Depressive disorder is a mood disorder that can have a serious impact on a person's life, both in health and in society. This disorder also has a risk of recurrence so that it can have an impact towards chronic depression. Therefore, a novel therapeutic approach is needed to reduce this burden and improve the quality of life of patients previously diagnosed with depressive disorders. Implementation of mobile applications can be an option to mitigate this. This study aims to review cellular application therapy approaches to prevent progression and recurrence in depressive symptoms.

Discussion: Efforts to prevent progression and recurrence from depressive disorders can be done through the CORED (Chronic-Relapsing Depression) Prevention mobile application which focuses on: (1) Follow Up, (2) Time management assistance, (3) Meditation and mindfulness training, and (4) Group-Therapy services. The interventions on these four things have good clinical effects to prevent recurrence in depressive patients. In addition, given the high risk of relapse in depression, this application is equipped with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a screening tool to detect warning signs, in which patients must return to therapy in clinical settings.

Conclusion: The use of the application, based on the right principles, is expected to provide maximum effect and can be both effective in terms of time and cost. Further research needs to be carried out to examine the implementation of more integrated applications to assess the effectiveness of the use of cellular applications as prevention of recurrence and chronic depression in depressive disorders patients.
PENGGUNAAN CRISPR-CAS SYSTEM SEBAGAI SOLUSI MENGHADAPI RESISTENSI ANTIMIKROBA PADA BAKTERI
Authors: Soetedjo Robby , Alexander Leonardo , Tobian Nikolaus
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Resistensi antimikroba merupakan masalah global akibat pemakaian antibiotik yang berlebihan dan tidak rasional sehingga mengeliminasi kuman patogen dan flora normal dalam tubuh. Hal ini memicu terbentuknya bakteri yang multiresisten terhadap berbagai antibiotik. WHO memperkirakan angka kematian global akibat resistensi antimikroba telah mencapai 700.000/tahun dan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan agar fasilitas kesehatan bisa mengatasi resistensi antimikroba diperkirakan sekitar 1,5 miliar dollar/tahun. Selain antibiotik, banyak terapi inovatif yang dapat diterapkan dalam menghadapi bakteri AMR (Antimicrobial Resistance) contohnya adalah CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) yang telah terbukti dapat digunakan untuk menarget gen-gen dari bakteri patogen seperti mengkode formasi biofilm, faktor virulensi, atau khususnya resistensi antimikroba. Target yang dituju ini juga spesifik tanpa mempengaruhi flora normal lainnya sehingga bisa menjadi pilihan utama dalam mengobati penyakit akibat resistensi antimikroba.

Pembahasan: Studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa terapi CRISPR disertai dengan CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) terbukti mampu melakukan genome editing dengan memotong gen-gen yang berperan dalam faktor virulensi, metabolisme, dan enzim resistensi antimikroba seperti gen bla, sul2, dan mcr-1 secara in vivo maupun in vitro sehingga bakteri resisten seperti Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, dan Shewanella algae  dapat tereliminasi atau menjadi sensitif kembali terhadap antibiotik yang awalnya diberikan sebelum terapi CRISPR dilakukan. CRISPR-Cas9 juga bisa berfungsi sebagai pengendali ekspresi gen dengan cara mengaktivasi atau menghambat ekspresi gen tersebut menggunakan memodifikasi Cas9 menjadi dCas9 serta dapat dijadikan aplikasi dalam metode FLASH untuk mendeteksi sequence dengan jumlah sampel yang sedikit.

Simpulan: Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi CRISPR berbasis Cas9 berpotensi menjadi andalan untuk terapi resistensi antimikroba.
Infeksi Virus Corona 2019 (COVID-19) pada Wanita Hamil : Analisa Pustaka Mekanisme Infeksi dan Pengaruh Pengobatan terhadap Kehamilan
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Indriani Susan , Rahmatika Farida
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coronavirus is a virus that affects the respiratory tract. It causes mild to severe symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath / risk of apneu. There are many studies that are relate to therapy that can be used to prevent and cure coronavirus infection. Patients with severe symptoms can be given chloroquine; however, it is not known yet the infection mechanism and effect of using chloroquine on pregnant patients with corona virus infection.Discussion: SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The virus was first spread in Wuhan, China, through bats. It can penetrate into the human respiration system by contacting directly with infected animals. Pregnant women and their fetuses are a high-risk population which are easily infected by coronavirus due to their low immune defenses in the body. In this case, complications caused by coronavirus infection are including IUGR, prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), and abortion. For now, Chloroquine is the most recommended treatment for pregnant women with coronavirus infection. Chloroquine is a bioactive agent that can fight various RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2 by inhibiting viral replication through inhibition of quinone reductase-2. The use of chloroquine drugs (150 mg-500 mg) can form protection for the fetus.Conclusion: Pregnant women and their fetuses become one of the high-risk populations who are easily affected by coronavirus infection. The important thing to do is to take medicine as one of the steps to minimize worsening conditions. Chloroquine drug has become the right choice for the treatment of coronavirus infection in pregnant women. No serious side effects were found in pregnant women or newborns after giving chloroquine therapy.

Keywords: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Chloroquine, pregnancy
N-MYC DOWNSTREAM-REGULATED GENE 2 (NDRG2): INOVASI PENANDA TUMOR DIAGNOSTIK DAN PROGNOSTIK TERBARU UNTUK KANKER PARU
Authors: Prastisia Yulian , Mangkuliguna Ghea , Tobian Nikolaus
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of oncological death worldwide. One out of five people have passed away because of this cancer. Currently, there is no diagnostic tool that can accurately detect early lesions of lung cancer. As a result, patients are diagnosed only when the lung cancer has reached the advanced stage where 5-year-survival-rate is no higher than 5%. At this point, tumors are no longer surgically resectable and sensitive to treatments. Recently, a gene called N-myc downstream-regulated 2 (NDRG2) is found to be aberrantly expressed in human lung cancer, thus marked its potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.

Method: A systematic literature study was conducted with the database from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Proquest for articles published within 2009-2019.

Discussion: This literature review yields result that 56,7-64,5% of patients diagnosed with lung cancer have reduced to absent NDRG2 expression in the tissue. NDRG2 expression is correlated with TNM Stage, tumor & vascular invasion, tumor differentiation status, and tumor size. Moreover, low expression of NDRG2 is an indicator of poor prognostic associated with 2 times lower overall survival rate for patients with lung cancer.

Conclusion: NDRG2 has shown promise to be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.
NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE-ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN (NGAL): BIOMARKER URIN POTENSIAL DALAM DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS
Authors: Alnaz Ahmad Razi Maulana , Ridha Rasyid , Abdillah Aqyl Hanif
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a common disease that is still being a public health problem, especially in the elderly, as a result of cardiovascular complication which is the most important cause of death among the elderly in developing countries. This literature review aims to comprehend the diagnostic accuracy of urinary NGAL in CKD. This literature review is made by doing literature searching on search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Sciencedirect, with utilizing NGAL, uNGAL, biomarker, CKD, and elderly as the keywords. From the process, 37 journals were obtained and used as this literature review references.

Discussions: By analyzing the literatures, it is known that NGAL is a polypeptide that belongs to the lipocalin family, where the expression will increase in inflammations, including in the kidneys. In diagnosis of CKD, the diagnostic ability of urinary NGAL shown by AUC values were higher than the other biomarkers. In addition, urinary NGAL has a stronger correlation with the deterioration of kidney function, compared to that of plasma NGAL.

Conclusion: In conclusion, urinary NGAL is a potential urinary biomarker in diagnosing CKD in the elderly.

Keywords: Biomarker, CKD, NGAL, Urine
Efek Penambahan Kotoran Sapi terhadap Kualitas Kompos pada Pengomposan Batang Pisang
Authors: Pranata I Kadek Aditya , Bintang Madrini Ida Ayu Gede , Tika I Wayan
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK

Pengomposan merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatan kegunaan dan nilai tambah dari limbah bahan organik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan kotoran sapi terhadap kualitas kompos. Pada proses pengomposan limbah batang pisang untuk menentukan komposisi campuran bahan yang terbaik dari penggunaan batang pisang dan kotoran sapi yang menghasilkan kualitas kompos sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 19-7030-20014. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah batang pisang dan kotoran sapi dengan perbandingan berat batang pisang dengan kotoran sapi yaitu: K1 (1:1), K2 (2:1), K3 (3:1), K.BP (hanya batang pisang). Proses pengomposan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Biokomposter Tahiron New Garden Bag 2. Pada proses pengomposan suhu diamati setiap hari, sedangkan kadar air C-organik, Nitrogen, rasio C/N dan pH diamati setiap 14 hari sekali. Suhu pada perlakuan K1, K2, K3dan K.BP yaitu masing-masing mencapai 43,6oC, 44,3 oC, 43,6 oC dan 38,6 oC. Parameter suhu, pH, dan kadar air tidak menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikan antar perlakuan sedangkan rasio C/N pada pebandingan KBP dengan K1 (1:1), K2 (2:1), dan K3 (3:1) menunjukkan perbedaan. Perlakuan K2 menunjukkan komposisi campuran terbaik yang ditunjukkan oleh suhu pengomposan mendekati termofilik yaitu 44,3oC. Rasio C/N dari semua perlakuan belum memenuhi SNI 19/7030/2004, sedangkan pH, kadar air, bahan organik memenuhi standar tersebut.

ABSTRACT

Composting is an alternative means to increase the usefulness and added value of organic waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding cow dung and banana stem. This study expected to obtain the best composition of the mixture of ingredients from the use of banana stalks and cow dung according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 19-7030-20014. The materials used in this study were banana stalks and cow dung with a ratio of banana stalks to cow dung, namely: K1 (1: 1), K2 (2: 1), K3 (3: 1), K.BP (only banana stalks). ). The composting process in this study used Biocomposter Tahiron New Garden Bag 2. In the composting process, the temperature was observed every day, while the moisture content of C-organic, nitrogen, C / N ratio, and pH were observed once every 14 days. The temperatures in the K1, K2, K3, and K.BP treatments were respectively 43.6 oC, 44.3 oC, 43.6 oC, and 38.6 oC. Temperature, pH, and moisture content parameters did not show significant differences between treatments, while the C / N ratio in the comparison between KBP and K1 (1: 1), K2 (2: 1), and K3 (3: 1) showed differences. K2 treatment showed the best mixture composition with the composting temperature approaching thermophilic, namely 44.3oC. The C / N ratio of all treatments did not meet SNI 19/7030/2004, while pH, moisture content, the organic matter within the range as regulated in the standard.
Dinamika psikologis remaja dengan oppositional defiant disorder yang tinggal panti asuhan
Authors: Sanjiwani Anak Agung Sri , Ambarini Tri Kurniati , Budisetyani I Gusti Ayu Putu Wulan
Published: April 2022

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) atau gangguan perilaku menentang merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada remaja. Remaja yang tinggal di panti asuhan dapat menjadi rentan terhadap permasalahan perilaku yang terkait dengan penyesuaian lingkungan, aturan dan teman-teman baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali lebih lanjut mengenai permasalahan perilaku, diagnosis serta dinamika psikologis dari perilaku menentang yang ditampilkan oleh KPS. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah satu orang yang merupakan remaja putri berusia 14 tahun. Teknik pengambilan data yang dilakukan terdiri dari wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi serta rangkaian tes psikologi mencakup tes grafis (DAP, BAUM & HTP), Children Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Forer’s Sentence Completion Test (FSCT) dan Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa KPS memenuhi kriteria gangguan perilaku menentang (ODD) berdasarkan DSM-IV TR. Faktor-faktor terkait perilaku kasar dari ibu kandung dan perpindahan pengasuhan pada beberapa pihak mendasari kesulitan KPS untuk mengembangkan rasa aman dalam hubungannya sehingga ditunjukkan dalam perilaku tidak adaptif. Hal ini kemudian mempengaruhi terbentuknya insecure attachment pada KPS yang kemudian membuat KPS menentang figur otoritasnya, sering marah dan menyalahkan orang lain.
Kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja pada karyawan PT X di Kabupaten Kampar, Riau
Authors: Farradinna Syarifah , Widya Widya , Herawati Yulia
Published: April 2022

Karyawan merupakan hal terpenting dalam organisasi. Menentukan keberhasilan organisasi manajemen harus memperhatikan karyawan dalam meningkatkan kepuasan kerja. Karyawan yang memiliki kepuasan kerja yang baik dapat dilihat dari kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri yang baik pada karyawan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja pada karyawan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V Sei Garo. Penelitian ini melibatkan 136 karyawan, berdasarkan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling yang diperoleh sebanyak 102. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala pengukuran kohesivitas kelompok, efikasi diri dan kepuasan kerja. Metode analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Regresi. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh kohesivitas kelompok terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,120 (0,230, p ?0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan hipotesis pertama ditolak. Sebaliknya terdapat pengaruh efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,289 (0,003, p ?0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan hipotesis kedua diterima. Begitu juga kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri secara bersama-sama terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan diketahui F = 6,081;  p?0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis ketiga diterima dan ditemukan bahwa kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri menunjukkan kontribusi 10,9 persen terhadap kepuasan kerja. Oleh sebab itu, organisasi perlu lebih aktif memperhatikan kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri secara bersama-sama untuk meningkatkan kepuasan kerja pada karyawan.