bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
β-adrenergic receptor agonist promotes ductular expansion during 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-induced chronic liver injury
Authors: Tanimizu Naoki , Ichinohe Norihisa , Mitaka Toshihiro
Published: May 2023

Intrahepatic nerves are involved in the regulation of metabolic reactions and hepatocyte-based regeneration after surgical resection, although their contribution to chronic liver injury remains unknown. Given that intrahepatic nerves are abundant in the periportal tissue, they may be correlated also with cholangiocyte-based regeneration. Here we demonstrate that isoproterenol (ISO), a β-adrenergic receptor agonist, promoted ductular expansion induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) in vivo. Immunofluorescence analysis shows that nerve fibers positive for tyrosine hydroxylase form synaptophysin-positive nerve endings on epithelial cell adhesion molecule-positive (EpCAM+) cholangiocytes as well as on Thy1+ periportal mesenchymal cells (PMCs) that surround bile ducts, suggesting that the intrahepatic biliary tissue are targeted by sympathetic nerves. In vitro analyses indicate that ISO directly increases cAMP levels in cholangiocytes and PMCs. Mechanistically, ISO expands the lumen of cholangiocyte organoids, resulting in promotion of cholangiocyte proliferation, whereas it increases expression of fibroblast growth factor 7, a growth factor for cholangiocytes, in PMCs. Taken together, the results indicate that intrahepatic sympathetic nerves regulate remodeling of bile ducts during DDC-injury by the activation of β-adrenergic receptors on cholangiocytes and PMCs.
Multi-criteria decision-making for prioritizing photocatalytic processes followed by TiO2-MIL-53(Fe) characterization and application for diazinon removal
Authors: Barjasteh-Askari Fateme , Nabizadeh Ramin , Najafpoor Aliasghar , Davoudi Mojtaba , Mahvi Amir-Hossein
Published: May 2023

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) can introduce the best option based on evidence. We integrated the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to prioritize the alternatives for photocatalytic diazinon removal in a bench scale and characterized TiO2-MIL-53(Fe) for this purpose. Criteria and alternatives were listed based on systematic literature reviews and expert opinions. Then, AHP and TOPSIS questionnaires were developed and distributed to an expert panel for pairwise comparisons. We converted the linguistic variables into the corresponding fuzzy values and used R for mathematical calculations. Then, TiO2-MIL-53(Fe) was synthesized and characterized for diazinon removal under LED visible light. The AHP ranked criteria as availability > degradation efficiency > safety for the environment > material cost > energy consumption > mineralization efficiency > photocatalyst reusability > safety for personnel > equipment cost. Based on TOPSIS, the order of alternatives was TiO2-containing/Visible light > ZnO-containing/UV light > TiO2-containing/UV light > ZnO-containing/Visible light > WO3-containing/UV light. With a bandgap of 1.8 eV, TiO2-MIL-53(Fe) could remove 89.35% of diazinon at 10 mg/L diazinon concentration, 750 mg/L catalyst dose, pH 6.8, and 180-min reaction time. Hybrid AHP-TOPSIS identified the best option for photocatalytic diazinon removal from aqueous solutions. Thus, MCDM techniques can use systematic review results to overcome the uncertainty in designing experimental studies.
Monitoring resistance to methomyl and synergism in the non-target Musca domestica from cotton fields of Punjab and Sindh provinces, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Hafiz Azhar Ali
Published: May 2023

Insecticides are an integral part of most of the cropping systems worldwide; however, these usually exert negative impact on the environment and non-target insects as well. Non-target insects are prone to develop resistance to insecticides due to prolonged and repeated lethal and sublethal exposures. Musca domestica is a common non-target, pollinator and nectar feeder species in cotton ecosystem, besides its status as a public health pest in human habitations. In the present work, resistance to methomyl, one of the major insecticides used for cotton pest management, was assessed in 20 M. domestica strains from the major cotton producing areas of the Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. The results revealed that toxicity values of methomyl for Punjabi and Sindhi strains ranged from 28.07 to 136.16 µg fly−1 and 29.32 to 136.87 µg fly−1, respectively. Among Punjabi strains, D.G. Khan, Lodhran, Bahawalpur, Toba Tek Singh, Bahawalnagar, Rajanpur and Jhang strains exhibited very high levels of resistance (RR > 100) to methomyl; Bhakkar, Kasur, Vehari, Layyah, Muzaffargarh and R.Y. Khan showed high resistance (RR = 51–100 fold), while the Mianwali strain showed a moderate level of resistance to methomyl (RR = 36.45 fold). In case of Sindhi strains, very high levels of resistance (> 100 fold) were reported for Sukkar and Sanghar strains, high levels of resistance (RR 51–100 fold) for Khairpur, Jamshoro and Ghotki, and moderate resistance to methomyl (38.08 fold) in the Dadu strain. There was a significant synergism of methomyl toxicity in all field strains when methomyl bioassayed along with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF) providing clues of metabolic-based mechanisms of resistance to methomyl. In conclusion, insecticides used in crop farming can cause resistance development in non-target M. domestica. It is necessary to adopt the pest management activities that are safe for the environment and non-target insect species.
Anti-proliferative potential and oxidative reactivity of thermo-oxidative degradation products of stigmasterol and stigmasteryl esters for human intestinal cells
Authors: Kasprzak Maria , Rudzińska Magdalena , Juzwa Wojciech , Olejnik Anna
Published: May 2023

Stigmasterol in free and esterified form is incorporated in LDL cholesterol-lowering food products, intended for direct consumption and cooking, baking, and frying. Under thermal treatment, stigmasterol compounds may constitute a source of thermo-oxidative degradation products and oxyderivatives with potentially adverse health effects. This study aimed to analyze the anti-proliferative potential and genotoxicity of thermo-oxidatively treated stigmasterol (ST), stigmasteryl linoleate (ST-LA), and oleate (ST-OA). The effects on cell viability and proliferation, cell cycle progression, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and DNA damage were analyzed in normal human intestinal cells. The mutagenic potential was assessed in a bacterial reverse mutation test using Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains involving metabolic activation. Stigmasteryl esters showed a significantly lower potential to affect intestinal cell viability and proliferation than non-esterified ST, regardless of heating. Thermo-oxidatively treated ST suppressed intestinal cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and DNA synthesis inhibition. The enhanced intracellular ROS generation and caspase 3/7 activity suggest targeting intestinal cells to the apoptosis pathway. Also, heated ST-LA intensified ROS production and elicited pro-apoptotic effects. Thermo-oxidative derivatives of ST and ST-LA may evoke harmful gastrointestinal effects due to their high oxidative reactivity towards intestinal cells.
N,N-dimethylacetamide targets neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease in in-vitro and ex-vivo models
Authors: Wei Zeng-Hui , Koya Jagadish , Acharekar Nikita , Trejos Jesus , Dong Xing-Duo , Schanne Francis A. , Ashby Charles R. , Reznik Sandra E.
Published: May 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic degenerative brain disorder with no clear pathogenesis or effective cure, accounting for 60–80% of cases of dementia. In recent years, the importance of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders has come into focus. Previously, we made the serendipitous discovery that the widely used drug excipient N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) attenuates endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses in vivo. In the current work, we investigate the effect of DMA on neuroinflammation and its mechanism of action in in-vitro and ex-vivo models of AD. We show that DMA significantly suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and various cytokines and chemokines, as well as amyloid-β (Aβ), in cultured microglia and organotypic hippocampal slices induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also demonstrate that DMA inhibits Aβ-induced inflammation. Finally, we show that the mechanism of DMA’s effect on neuroinflammation is inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and we show how DMA dismantles the positive feedback loop between NF-κB and Aβ synthesis. Taken together, our findings suggest that DMA, a generally regarded as safe compound that crosses the blood brain barrier, should be further investigated as a potential therapy for Alzheimer’s disease and neuroinflammatory disorders.
Quality control system for mammographic breast positioning using deep learning
Authors: Watanabe Haruyuki , Hayashi Saeko , Kondo Yohan , Matsuyama Eri , Hayashi Norio , Ogura Toshihiro , Shimosegawa Masayuki
Published: May 2023

This study proposes a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) classification for the quality control and validation of breast positioning criteria in mammography. A total of 1631 mediolateral oblique mammographic views were collected from an open database. We designed two main steps for mammographic verification: automated detection of the positioning part and classification of three scales that determine the positioning quality using DCNNs. After acquiring labeled mammograms with three scales visually evaluated based on guidelines, the first step was automatically detecting the region of interest of the subject part by image processing. The next step was classifying mammographic positioning accuracy into three scales using four representative DCNNs. The experimental results showed that the DCNN model achieved the best positioning classification accuracy of 0.7836 using VGG16 in the inframammary fold and a classification accuracy of 0.7278 using Xception in the nipple profile. Furthermore, using the softmax function, the breast positioning criteria could be evaluated quantitatively by presenting the predicted value, which is the probability of determining positioning accuracy. The proposed method can be quantitatively evaluated without the need for an individual qualitative evaluation and has the potential to improve the quality control and validation of breast positioning criteria in mammography.
Assessment of the microbiological safety of drinking water in outdoor pipe materials: biofilm formation and chlorine resistance of typical bacteria
Authors: Zhu Zebing , Xu Siyang , Pei Yunyan , Shan Lili , Zheng Wanjun , Bao Xiajun , Yuan Yixing
Published: May 2023

Compared with PE pipes, cast iron pipes have more biofilm biomass but less bacterial activity and EPS. Corrosion products can protect bacteria from chlorination just like EPS.
Gastroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rh4 against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Yuqing , Duan Zhiguang , Qu Linlin , Zhang Yi , Zhu Chenhui , Fan Daidi
Published: May 2023

Ginsenoside Rh4 inhibited inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice with gastric ulcers through modulation of MAPK/NF-κB and PGE2-Cox pathways, thereby ameliorating gastric injury.
A cross-conjugation approach for high-performance diaryl-hemithioindigo photoswitches
Authors: Zitzmann Max , Hampel Frank , Dube Henry
Published: May 2023

A new class of diaryl-hemithioindigo is presented as capable reversible photoswitches with enhanced structural elaboration and stimuli-responsive behavior. Multi-state and multi-stimuli addressability enable advanced molecular logic operations.
Efficient degradation of COD from coking wastewater by corncob biochar-modified particles using a three-dimensional electrode reactor
Authors: Zhu Qiaoyun , Liu Xueling , Xiang Jingjing , Li Likun , Fu Benquan , Wang Yi , Huang Yanjun , Fan Guozhi , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2023

In this work, Fe–Mn/BC particle electrodes with different loading ratios were prepared by sol–gel method using corncob biochar (BC) as carrier, and could be used for highly-efficient treatment of coking wastewater by three-dimensional electrode reactor (3DER) system.
Meta-analysis reveals gut microbiome and functional pathway alterations in response to resistant starch
Authors: Chen Ruimin , Zhang Chengcheng , Xu Fusheng , Yu Leilei , Tian Fengwei , Chen Wei , Zhai Qixiao
Published: May 2023

This is the first meta-analysis of the effects of resistant starch intake on the gut microbiota and functional pathways, demonstrating that resistant starch intake increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and improved metabolism.
Impact of peripheral alkyl chain length on mesocrystal assemblies of G2 dendrons
Authors: Jun Taesuk , Park Hyunjun , Kim Junsu , Lee Wooseop , Ahn Hyungju , Jang Woo-Dong , Lee Byeongdu , Ryu Du Yeol
Published: May 2023

Our results show the impact of alkyl chain lengths (Cn) on mesocrystal formation related to the contour length ratio of periphery Lp to wedge Lw. Energy landscapes for Cn dendrons at Lp/Lw ≈ 1 are more intricate than those with longer or shorter Cn.
Distance dependence of enhanced intersystem crossing in BODIPY–nitroxide dyads
Authors: Mayländer Maximilian , Quintes Theresia , Franz Michael , Allonas Xavier , Vargas Jentzsch Andreas , Richert Sabine
Published: May 2023

A detailed spectroscopic study on a series of photoexcited BODIPY–nitroxides revealed that a high EISC yield does not necessarily imply a high trip-quartet yield as these two processes have a different dependence on dipolar and exchange interactions.
Development of a nitrogen-bound hydrophobic auxiliary: application to solid/hydrophobic-tag relay synthesis of calpinactam
Authors: Nakahara Hiroki , Sennari Goh , Noguchi Yoshihiko , Hirose Tomoyasu , Sunazuka Toshiaki
Published: May 2023

Development of a new hydrophobic auxiliary, TCbz group at the N-terminus of peptides is disclosed. This auxiliary enabled C-terminal modification in LPPS and a de novo solid/hydrophobic-tag relay synthesis (STRS) of calpinactam.
Interface engineering optimizes the built-in electric field and carrier migration pathways of CdS/Sb2S3 for an efficient pyro–photo-electric catalytic system
Authors: Chen Xingfei , Liu Zhifeng , Ruan Mengnan , Wang Chengyi , Guo Zhengang
Published: May 2023

The formation process of CdS/Sb2S3 heterojunctions and their interfacial contact.
Grafting self-immolative poly(benzyl ether)s toward sustainable adhesive thermosets with reversible bonding and triggered de-bonding capabilities
Authors: Choi Byeongjun , Kim Ji Woo , Choi Geunyoung , Jeong Songah , Choi Eunpyo , Kim Hyungwoo
Published: May 2023

A pinch of self-immolative grafts in soft matrices causes functional adhesives that are not only re-bondable but de-bondable in response to specific triggers.
Application of Alkyl Amidopropyl Betaine in Fire Fighting Foam Extinguishing Agent
Authors: Zhang Jiancheng , Shi Zeyao , Zhang Meiqi , Wu Liusuo
Published: May 2023

In order to improve the fire extinguishing performance of foam fire extinguishing agents in nonpolar liquid fires, the application of alkyl amidopropyl betaine with different chain lengths in aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agents was studied. The relationship between the structure of alkylamidopropyl betaine and surface tension, foaming property and foam stability was analyzed. On this basis, different foam fire extinguishing agent formulations were formed, and then the surface tension, foam performance and fire extinguishing performance of each formulation were tested. The results show that the alkyl chain of alkylamidopropyl betaine is directly proportional to the foaming property. The shorter the alkyl chain, the less oily the foam is and the better the foam’s anti-burning performance. The combination of alkylamidopropyl betaine with different chain lengths is conducive to comprehensive product foam performance and oleophobic performance to achieve the best fire extinguishing effect.
Study of Unconfined Compressive Experiment on the Geogrid Flexible Reinforced Compound
Authors: Tong Jintian , Wang Wei
Published: May 2023

In recent years, reinforced technique has been widely used in civil engineering technology. In order to deeply understand the behavior of the reinforced structure, this paper use the geogrid as the reinforced materials. The unconfined compressive tests were operated in the laboratory. The specimens were made by sharp sand which was classified according to the density at ρ=1.55g/cm3, ρ=1.75g/cm3, ρ=1.85g/cm3.Each specimen was reinforced with the layers of 0,1,2,3,4,5. Through analysis the experimental data, it’s founded that the density reinforced materials and the layers have an effect on the unconfined compressive strength. The specimen with bigger density and more reinforced layers has a better compressive strength. Different reinforced materials have different reinforced effect.
Dynamic Simulation of Theoretical Mechanics Experiments using Maple
Authors: Gong Yanxiang , Guo Juan , Li Feng
Published: May 2023

Some experimental phenomena in theoretical mechanics are not suited for realization in an ordinary laboratory. Virtual experiments in theoretical mechanics can be realized using Maple, a scientific computing software. Although most previous studies have only drawn static images of the trajectories of objects, this thesis investigates the use of Maple’s animation capabilities to achieve dynamic simulations of theoretical mechanics experiments. The benefits of dynamic simulation are that the trajectory of the object over time can be seen and the motion characteristics of the object, such as the direction of approach of the incoming track, can be fully understood. The dynamic simulation of theoretical mechanics experiments will fully mobilize students’ interest in learning, transform abstract physical models into visual physical images and deepen their understanding of physical phenomena. In addition, virtual experiments enable students to train their programming skills and improve their scientific research literacy.
Research progress and prospect of friction stir welding of copper and copper alloys
Authors: Sun Yumeng , Gong Wenbiao , Zhu Rui , Li Yupeng , Sun Shicheng
Published: May 2023

Copper and copper alloys are widely used in various industries due to the excellent properties, and they are indispensable materials in modern industrial fields. At present, friction stir welding technology is the most promising welding method for copper and copper alloys, and there have been a series of studies on copper and copper alloys FSW field. This paper summarizes the research achievements in this field in the past 30 years, and aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic summary for researchers in this field. In addition, combined with the authors team’s research and experience in this field and existing relevant references, we point out the development direction of this field in the next stage.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Dura-Splitting versus Duraplasty Techniques in Pediatric Chiari I Malformation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tavallaii Amin , Keykhosravi Ehsan , Ghorbanpour Ahmad , Shahriari Ali , Rezaee Hamid
Published: May 2023

Type I Chiari malformation is a developmental anomaly with various proposed surgical techniques for its management. The dura-splitting technique is a less invasive approach and involves the resection of the outer layer of the dura while sparing the internal layer. While this less-known approach may minimize the complication rates, there are concerns about its efficacy and outcome. Therefore, we have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of available data on clinical and radiological outcomes of this technique in the pediatric population and compared them to the foramen magnum decompression and duraplasty technique.

We have followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines in this review. Based on our predefined search strategy, we performed a systematic database search. Subsequently, the article screening process was done based on defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Following the quality assessment of included studies, two authors performed data extraction. Finally, the extracted data were summarized and presented in form of tables. Forest plots were used to demonstrate the results of the meta-analysis.

A review of 8 included studies consisting of 615 patients revealed the significant advantage of the dura-splitting technique in terms of shorter operation duration and hospital stay. The recurrence rate and clinical and radiological outcomes were almost similar between the two surgical techniques. Complication rates were significantly lower in the dura-splitting technique.

Dura-splitting can be an effective and safe approach for the management of pediatric Chiari I malformation. However, these results are mostly extracted from observational studies and future randomized controlled trials are recommended.
Salivary Biomarker IL-8 Levels in Smokers and NonSmokers: A Comparative Study
Authors: Sahibzada Haafsa Arshad , Sohail Kanwal , Siddiqi Khalid Mahmood , Khurshid Zohaib , Mahmood Hina , Riaz Sana
Published: May 2023

Objective It is estimated that the mortality rate from tobacco-related diseases will reach 10 million worldwide by 2030. It is validated that every three out of four oral cancers are caused by the use of tobacco in various forms especially smoking. Early detection is the only way to reduce this burden. Molecular-level analysis has currently become a valuable tool in the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Around 1000 different salivary protein biomarkers are being investigated in saliva for this purpose. Some of these markers are being investigated to evaluate the proportionality of cigarette smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of salivary biomarker interleukin-8 (IL-8) among smokers and nonsmokers as a control group.

Materials and Methods This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in Islamabad Dental Hospital, Bhara Kahu. A total of 60 patients were recruited and divided into two equal groups of smokers and nonsmokers. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.

Statistical Analysis The results were then analyzed by SPSS v25 using an independent sample t-test to evaluate the statistical difference and significance.

Results A p-value (<0.001) was found to be significant for the IL-8 levels in smokers when compared with nonsmokers. The mean value for smokers was found to be 122.69 pg/mL and the mean for nonsmokers was evaluated to be 20.68 pg/mL.

Conclusion As the levels of IL-8 were high, it was concluded to be an effective biomarker for the evaluation of smoking-based initial inflammatory changes detectable from saliva.
Lighting a path for microLEDs beyond display technologies
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: May 2023

Imaging, communication, and other non-display applications of microLEDs will require modification of their electrical and optical properties.
MicroLED/LED electro-optical integration techniques for non-display applications
Authors: Kumar V. , Kymissis I.
Published: May 2023

MicroLEDs offer an extraordinary combination of high luminance, high energy efficiency, low cost, and long lifetime. These characteristics are highly desirable in various applications, but their usage has, to date, been primarily focused toward next-generation display technologies. Applications of microLEDs in other technologies, such as projector systems, computational imaging, communication systems, or neural stimulation, have been limited. In non-display applications which use microLEDs as light sources, modifications in key electrical and optical characteristics such as external efficiency, output beam shape, modulation bandwidth, light output power, and emission wavelengths are often needed for optimum performance. A number of advanced fabrication and processing techniques have been used to achieve these electro-optical characteristics in microLEDs. In this article, we review the non-display application areas of the microLEDs, the distinct opto-electrical characteristics required for these applications, and techniques that integrate the optical and electrical components on the microLEDs to improve system-level efficacy and performance.
Differential spatial-social accessibility to mental health care and suicide
Authors: Tadmon Daniel , Bearman Peter S.
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the United States has been experiencing historically high suicide rates. In the face of mental health care provider shortages that leave millions needing to travel longer to find providers with schedule openings, if any are available at all, the inaccessibility of mental health care has become increasingly central in explaining suicidality. To examine the relationship between access to care and suicide, we leverage a dataset mapping all licensed US psychiatrists and psychotherapists (N= 711,214), as of early 2020, and employ real-world transportation data to model patients’ mobility barriers. We find a strong association between reduced mental health care provider spatial-social accessibility and heightened suicide risk. Using a machine learning approach to condition on a host of 22 contextual factors known to be implicated in suicide (e.g., race, education, divorce, gun shop prevalence), we find that in locales where individuals seeking care can access fewer mental health care providers, already more likely to be saturated by demand, suicide risk is increased (3.2% for each reduced SD of psychiatrist accessibility; 2.3% for psychotherapists). Additionally, we observe that local spatial-social accessibility inequalities are associated with further heightened risk of suicide, underscoring the need for research to account for the highly localized barriers preventing many Americans from accessing needed mental health services.
Contact allergy to colophony. Clinical and experimental studies with emphasis on clinical relevance.
Authors: Färm Gunilla
Published: May 2023

No abstract available
Causes and effects of the chronic inflammation in venous leg ulcers.
Authors: Ågren MS , Eaglstein WH , Ferguson MW , Harding KG , Moore K , Saarialho-Kere UK , Schultz GS
Published: May 2023

This article does not have an abstract.
ncRNALocate-EL: a multi-label ncRNA subcellular locality prediction model based on ensemble learning
Authors: Bai Tao , Liu Bin
Published: May 2023

Subcellular localizations of ncRNAs are associated with specific functions. Currently, an increasing number of biological researchers are focusing on computational approaches to identify subcellular localizations of ncRNAs. However, the performance of the existing computational methods is low and needs to be further studied. First, most prediction models are trained with outdated databases. Second, only a few predictors can identify multiple subcellular localizations simultaneously. In this work, we establish three human ncRNA subcellular datasets based on the latest RNALocate, including lncRNA, miRNA and snoRNA, and then we propose a novel multi-label classification model based on ensemble learning called ncRNALocate-EL to identify multi-label subcellular localizations of three ncRNAs. The results show that the ncRNALocate-EL outperforms previous methods. Our method achieved an average precision of 0.709,0.977 and 0.730 on three human ncRNA datasets. The web server of ncRNALocate-EL has been established, which can be accessed at https://bliulab.net/ncRNALocate-EL.
Hsa_circ_0084003 modulates glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through targeting hsa-miR-143-3p/DNMT3A axis
Authors: Wang Kaiqiong , Chen Zhiju , Qiao Xin , Zheng Jinfang
Published: May 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, one of the deadliest tumors of the digestive tract, is a difficult and invasive malignancy. Current treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma mainly depends on surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which, however, often resulting in questionable curative effect. Therefore, new targeted therapies are needed in future treatment. We first interfered with hsa_circ_0084003 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, and further studied how hsa_circ_0084003 functioned in regulating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and also evaluated the regulatingeffect of hsa_circ_0084003 on hsa-miR-143-3p and its target DNA methyltransferase 3A. Hsa_circ_0084003 knockdown could notably inhibit the aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0084003 could regulate its downstream target DNA methyltransferase 3A by binding to hsa-miR-143-3p, and overexpression of hsa_circ_0084003 could reverse the anticarcinogenic effect of hsa-miR-143-3p on aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Hsa_circ_0084003, as a carcinogenic circular RNA, regulated its downstream target DNA methyltransferase 3A to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through sponging hsa-miR-143-3p. Therefore, hsa_circ_0084003 could be studied as a possible therapeutic target regarding pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Evaluation of Nursing Coursework for Biased Content
Authors: Jennings Sarah J. , Mikos Kathleen A. , Caruso Brown Amy E. , Osborne Kathryn , Livesay Sarah L.
Published: May 2023

Bias-free content in nursing education prepares students to provide equitable care. The process of assessing content promotes the dismantling of systemic bias in health care, advancing social justice, diversity, equity, and inclusion. Unfortunately, there are no published studies to guide the evaluation of nursing curricula for the presence of bias. This innovative project aimed to identify bias in a course and develop a structure to guide the wider evaluation of the curriculum to identify and remove biased content. A modified version of the Upstate Bias Checklist was applied to a 15-week, three-semester hour, prelicensure, graduate-level nursing course.
Tissue- and temporal-specific roles of extracellular ATP on T cell metabolism and function
Authors: Santiago-Carvalho Igor , Banuelos Alma , Borges da Silva Henrique
Published: May 2023

The activation and function of T cells is fundamental for the control of infectious diseases and cancer, and conversely can mediate several autoimmune diseases. Among the signaling pathways leading to T cell activation and function, the sensing of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) has been recently appreciated as an important component. Through a plethora of purinergic receptors, most prominently P2RX7, eATP sensing can induce a wide variety of processes in T cells, such as proliferation, subset differentiation, survival, or cell death. The downstream roles of eATP sensing can vary according to (a) the T cell subset, (b) the tissue where T cells are, and (c) the time after antigen exposure. In this mini-review, we revisit the recent findings on how eATP signaling pathways regulate T-cell immune responses and posit important unanswered questions on this field.
Procedure-Based Telehealth Utilization in General Surgery
Authors: Levy Brittany E. , Wilt Wesley S. , Johnson Jenifer , Wallace Heather , Ballert Erik , Newcomb Melissa , Cavatassi William , Harris Andrew
Published: May 2023

The authors hypothesize that standardized telehealth (TH) scheduling processes will improve TH utilization without increasing adverse events. Fifty visits preimplementation and 67 visits postimplementation were audited from June 2021 to January 2022. Both leadership and frontline stakeholders were engaged to identify current workflows and potential interventions targeting outpatient elective procedures. Process mapping outlined current TH scheduling workflows. Outcomes related to TH completion, cost, and TH scheduling were collected after implementation. Preimplementation TH scheduling rate was 32%. The intervention required TH postoperative appointments to be scheduled in clinic at the time of surgery scheduling with TH being the default postsurgical appointment for a standardized list of eligible procedures. Following implementation, 95% of patients undergoing eligible procedures had TH follow-up. This provided improved access to surgical follow-up care, by reducing travel needs to the Veterans Affairs facility. Secondarily, this intervention increased clinic appointment availability and resulted in possible increased revenue for billable visits. Standardizing TH scheduling based on the procedure improves the utilization of TH resulting in improved clinic efficiency and increased revenue, without increasing adverse events.
Development of a Physician Assistant Orientation Program in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Jenkins Susannah , Zaveri Pavan , Zhao Xian
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The role of physician assistants (PAs) in the care of emergency department (ED) patients has been expanding in recent years. However, little is known about how PAs are prepared to practice in pediatric emergency medicine (PEM), and there is no published literature on how to train PAs in independently managing low-acuity visits in the pediatric emergency department (PED).

Methods

We created a preorientation, orientation, and postorientation program for PAs who are onboarding in the PED at a large, free-standing pediatric acute care hospital. We implemented an evaluation system that assessed readiness for independent practice based on number and type of patients seen as well as supervising physicians' feedback.

Results

On average, PAs took care of 877 patients over the course of their first year of employment at the hospital before achieving readiness for independent practice. Most PAs were deemed ready to see low-acuity patients without direct supervision by PEM attendings during their third or fourth quarter of employment.

Discussion

The successful implementation of a 12-month curriculum and individualized feedback allowed our PED to prepare PAs for independent management of the low-acuity PED patient.
In-hospital and Post-discharge Status in COVID-19 Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Galas Filomena Regina Barbosa Gomes , Fernandes Henrique Mateus , Franci André , Rosario André Loureiro , Saretta Roberta , Patore Laerte , Baracioli Luciano Moreira , Moraes Juliana Gil , Mourão Matheus Moraes , Costa Livia do Valle , Nascimento Teresa Cristina Dias Cunha , Drager Luciano Ferreira , Dias Marcia Rodrigues Sundin , Kalil-Filho Roberto
Published: May 2023

Few data from Latin American centers on clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are published. Moreover, clinical and functional status after hospital discharge remains poorly explored in these patients. We evaluated in-hospital outcomes of severe COVID-19 patients who received ECMO support in two Brazilian hospitals. In one-third of the survivors, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS), quality of life, anxiety, depression, and return to work were evaluated. Eighty-five patients were included and in-hospital mortality was 47%. Age >65 years (HR: 4.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–16.4), diabetes (HR: 6.0; 95% CI: 1.8–19.6), ECMO support duration (HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.05–1.12) and dialysis initiated after ECMO (HR: 3.4; 95% CI: 1.1–10.8) were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and mechanical ventilation (MV) duration before ECMO was not (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.71–2.09). PACS-related symptoms were reported by two-thirds and half of patients at 30- and 90-days post-discharge, respectively. The median EQ-5D score was 0.85 (0.70–1.00) and 0.77 (0.66–1.00) at 30 and 90 days. Of the 15 responders, all previously working patients, except one, have returned to work at 90 days. In conclusion, in-hospital mortality in a large Latin American cohort was comparable to the Global extracorporeal life support organization registry.
Association of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Status With p53, RB1, and PD-L1 Expression and Patient Prognosis in Merkel Cell Carcinomas: Clinical, Morphologic, and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of 17 Cases
Authors: Öğüt Betül , Bayram Elif Kolay , İnan Mehmet Arda , Kestel Selin , Erdem Özlem
Published: May 2023

Background:

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin whose main risk factors are immunosuppression, UV radiation exposure, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. Programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-based immunotherapy is currently the first choice for treating patients with metastatic MCC.

Methods:

MCC biopsies (17) were evaluated for their nucleus and cytoplasm characteristics and growth patterns, as well as for intratumor lymphocytes, mitotic number, and lymphovascular invasion. Paraffin-embedded tissue samples of the biopsies were stained with MCPyV large T-antigen (LTag), RB1, p53, and PD-L1.

Results:

We observed MCPyV LTag expression in 9 out of the 17 tumors, and all 9 cases were positive for RB1 (P<0.000). p53 staining was not significantly correlated with MCPyV LTag. We observed no relationship between p53 expression and any other parameters, and PD-L1 expression was low in the MCC samples. We evaluated PD-L1 using both the combined positive score and tumor proportion score (TPS), and found that TPS was correlated with MCPyV LTag expression (P=0.016). Tumors with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes showed a better prognosis than those without these lymphocytes (P=0.006).

Discussion:

Our data demonstrated that RB1 was effective for immunohistochemically investigating the MCPyV status of tumors. TPS was superior to the combined positive score in evaluating PD-L1 in MCC. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were the only parameters that were associated with survival. Further studies with larger series are required to confirm these results.
Caring for Critically Ill Children With the ICU Liberation Bundle (ABCDEF): Results of the Pediatric Collaborative*
Authors: Lin John C. , Srivastava Avantika , Malone Sara , Jennison Susan , Simino Megan , Traube Chani , LaRose Kimberly , Kawai Yu , Neu Lori , Kudchadkar Sapna , Wieczorek Beth , Hajnik Krista , Kordik Christina M. , Kumar Vishakha K. , Aghamohammadi Sara , Arteaga Grace M. , Smith Heidi A. B. , Spentzas Thomas , Orman Andrea , Landman Becky McGee , Valdivia Hector , Browne Heather , Fang Timothy , Zimmerman Jerry J. ,   for the Society of Critical Care Medicine’s Pediatric ICU Liberation Campaign Collaborative
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Assess clinical outcomes following PICU Liberation ABCDEF Bundle utilization.

DESIGN:

Prospective, multicenter, cohort study.

SETTING:

Eight academic PICUs.

PATIENTS:

Children greater than 2 months with expected PICU stay greater than 2 days and need for mechanical ventilation (MV).

INTERVENTIONS:

ABCDEF Bundle implementation.

MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS:

Over an 11-month period (3-mo baseline, 8-mo implementation), Bundle utilization was measured for 622 patients totaling 5,017 PICU days. Risk of mortality was quantified for 532 patients (4,275 PICU days) for correlation between Bundle utilization and MV duration, PICU length of stay (LOS), delirium incidence, and mortality. Utilization was analyzed as subject-specific (entire PICU stay) and day-specific (single PICU day). Median overall subject-specific utilization increased from 50% during the 3-month baseline to 63.9% during the last four implementation months (p < 0.001). Subject-specific utilization for elements A and C did not change; utilization improved for B (0–12.5%; p = 0.007), D (22.2–61.1%; p < 0.001), E (17.7–50%; p = 0.003), and F (50–79.2%; p = 0.001). We observed no association between Bundle utilization and MV duration, PICU LOS, or delirium incidence. In contrast, on adjusted analysis, every 10% increase in subject-specific utilization correlated with mortality odds ratio (OR) reduction of 34%, p < 0.001; every 10% increase in day-specific utilization correlated with a mortality OR reduction of 1.4% (p = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS:

ABCDEF Bundle is applicable to children. Although enhanced Bundle utilization correlated with decreased mortality, increased utilization did not correlate with duration of MV, PICU LOS, or delirium incidence. Additional research in the domains of comparative effectiveness, implementation science, and human factors engineering is required to understand this clinical inconsistency and optimize PICU Liberation concept integration into clinical practice.
Frequency Morphologic and Morphometric Properties and Osseous Relationships of Whitnall’s Tubercle
Authors: Gayretli Özcan , Nteli Chatzioglou Gkionoul , Yilar Kader , Coşkun Osman , Özbilen Kemal Turgay , Kale Ayşin
Published: May 2023

Whitnall tubercle (WT) of the zygomatic bone is used as an anatomical landmark in some surgical approaches to the orbit. The authors aimed to determine the localization of WT by using some palpable bony landmarks and to reveal its morphological and morphometric features. Three hundred twenty-two zygomatic bones (167 right and 155 left) belonging to adults of unknown sex, were examined. An acetate prepared by drawing a clock with a dial on it was used to determine the localization of WT according to marginal tubercle and zygomatic arch. Distances between WT and frontozygomatic suture and lateral margin of the orbital rim were measured with digital calipers. One zygomatic bone had double tubercles, thus 321 bones were taken into consideration. Whitnall tubercle was determined in 284 of 321 zygomatic bones. 181 were classified as small, 10 as medium, and 93 as large. The position of the WT according to the marginal tubercle was at the 8, 9, and 10 o'clock positions on the left, and at 2, 3, and 4 o'clock on the right. The position of the WT according to the zygomatic arch was at the 9,10 and 11 o'clock positions on the left, and at the 1 and 2 o'clock positions on the right. Distances between the WT and lateral margin of the orbital rim and the frontozygomatic suture were measured meanly as 1.94±0.31 mm and 8.17±5.82 mm, respectively. The authors believe that the data obtained regarding WT will contribute to anatomy and surgical procedures of the related region.
Transplantation of the Uterus in the Male Rat
Authors: Yang Liu , Wang Tong , Chen Lin , Li Xia , Song Yajuan , Yu Zhou , Song Baoqiang
Published: May 2023

Background.

Uterus transplantation (UTx) is one of the potential methods to cure absolute uterine factor infertility of transgender. However, this mostly comes with many technological challenges.

Methods.

Left inguinal UTx was performed in 13 castrated male rats. End-to-end anastomosis of donor common iliac vessels to recipient femoral vessels was used for transsexual UTx. Sampling was performed on day 30 after transplantation. Grafts were used to analyze the histological changes. TUNEL assay was applied to stain the apoptotic cells. Immunological rejection was judged by flow cytometry.

Results.

Six uteri, 4 ovaries, and 4 upper vaginas were found at day 30 posttransplantation. Similar histological changes to proestrus, estrus, and diestrus of female rats were examined in the transplanted uteri. The histological changes of transplanted vaginas showed similarity to proestrus, estrus, and metestrus of the female rats. Follicles of different stages and corpus luteum with distinct morphological appearances were also observed. The TUNEL assay revealed a higher apoptosis of granulosa cells in transplanted ovaries compared with normal ovaries.

Conclusions.

A rat model of transsexual unilateral inguinal uterine transplantation in castrated rats was established, which will provide a reference for bilateral transsexual UTx in animals and genetically 46 XY individuals who wish to become real women through transsexual UTx.
The Role of Allograft Nephrectomy in the Failing Kidney Transplant
Authors: Budhiraja Pooja , Nguyen Michelle , Heilman Raymond , Kaplan Bruce
Published: May 2023

Patients with failed renal allografts have associated increased morbidity and mortality. The individualization of immunosuppression taper is the key element in managing these patients to avoid graft intolerance and sensitization while balancing the risk of continued immunosuppression. Most patients with uncomplicated chronic allograft failure do not require allograft nephrectomy (AN), and there is no clear evidence that it improves outcomes. The AN procedure is associated with variable morbidity and mortality. It is reserved mainly for early technical graft failure or in symptomatic cases associated with allograft infection, malignancy, or graft intolerance syndrome. It may also be considered in those who cannot tolerate immunosuppression and are at high risk for graft intolerance. AN has been associated with an increased risk of sensitization due to inflammatory response from surgery, immunosuppression withdrawal with allograft failure, and retained endovascular tissue. Although it is presumed that for-cause AN after transplant failure is associated with sensitization, it remains unclear whether elective AN in patients who remain on immunotherapy may prevent sensitization. The current practice of immunosuppression taper has not been shown to prevent sensitization or increase infection risk, but current literature is limited by selection bias and the absence of medication adherence data. We discuss the management of failed allografts based on retransplant candidacy, wait times, risk of graft intolerance syndrome, and immunosuppression side effects. Many unanswered questions remain, and future prospective randomized trials are needed to help guide evidence-based management.
Behavioral effects of zonisamide on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease model mice
Authors: Sano Hiromi , Nambu Atsushi
Published: May 2023

Zonisamide (ZNS; 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-methanesulfonamide) was initially developed and is commonly used as an anticonvulsant drug. However, it has also shown beneficial effects on Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Recent clinical studies have suggested that ZNS can also have beneficial effects on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), which is a major side effects of long-term L-DOPA treatments for PD. In the present study, we examined the behavioral effects of ZNS on LID in PD model mice. Acute ZNS treatment did not have any observable behavioral effects on LID. Contrastingly, chronic ZNS treatment with L-DOPA delayed the peak of LID and reduced the severity of LID before the peak, but increased the duration of LID in a dose-dependent manner of ZNS, compared to PD model mice treated with L-DOPA alone. Thus, ZNS appears to have both beneficial and adverse effects on LID.