bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of hamster sperm hyperactivation by extracellular Na+
Authors: Takei Gen L , Fujinoki Masakatsu
Published: May 2016

Mammalian sperm motility has to be hyperactivated to be fertilization-competent. Hyperactivation is regulated by extracellular environment. Osmolality of mammalian semen is higher than that in female reproductive tract; however, the effect of them on hyperactivation has not been investigated. So we investigated the effect of osmotic environment on hyperactivation using hamster spermatozoa at first. Increase in the osmolality of the media (∼370 mOsm) by increasing the concentration of NaCl (∼150 mmol/L) caused the delay of the expression of hyperactivation. When NaCl concentration varied in the same range (75–150 mmol/L) whereas the osmolality was fixed at 370 mOsm by adding mannitol, the delay of hyperactivation occurred dependent on NaCl concentration. Increase in NaCl concentration also caused suppression of curvilinear velocity, bend angle, and sliding velocity of the flagellum at the onset of incubation, suggesting that NaCl concentration affect both activation and hyperactivation in hamster spermatozoa. Hamster sperm intracellular Ca2+concentration decreased as extracellular NaCl concentration increased, whereas membrane potential and intracellular pH were unaffected by extracellular NaCl concentration. SN-6 and SEA0400, inhibitors of Na+-Ca2+exchanger (NCX), increased intracellular Ca2+and accelerated hyperactivation in the presence of 150 mmol/L NaCl. Tyrosine phosphorylation on fibrous sheath proteins was unaffected by extracellular NaCl concentration. These results suggest that extracellular Na+suppresses hamster sperm hyperactivation by reducing intracellular Ca2+via an action of NCX in a tyrosine phosphorylation-independent manner. It seems that the removal of suppression by extracellular Na+leads to the expression of hyperactivated motility.
IL15 promotes growth and invasion of endometrial stromal cells and inhibits killing activity of NK cells in endometriosis
Authors: Yu Jia-Jun , Sun Hui-Ting , Zhang Zhong-Fang , Shi Ru-Xia , Liu Li-Bing , Shang Wen-Qing , Wei Chun-Yan , Chang Kai-Kai , Shao Jun , Wang Ming-Yan , Li Ming-Qing
Published: May 2016

Endometriosis (EMS) is associated with an abnormal immune response to endometrial cells, which can facilitate the implantation and proliferation of ectopic endometrial tissues. It has been reported that human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) express interleukin (IL)15. The aim of our study was to elucidate whether or not IL15 regulates the cross talk between ESCs and natural killer (NK) cells in the endometriotic milieu and, if so, how this regulation occurs. The ESC behaviors in vitro were verified by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Annexin/PI, and Matrigel invasion assays, respectively. To imitate the local immune microenvironment, the co-culture system between ESCs and NK cells was constructed. The effect of IL15 on NK cells in the co-culture unit was investigated by flow cytometry (FCM). In this study, we found that ectopic endometrium from patients with EMS highly expressed IL15. Rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, decreased the level of IL15 receptors (i.e. IL15Rα and IL2Rβ). IL15 inhibits apoptosis and promotes the invasiveness, viability, and proliferation of ESCs. Meanwhile, a co-culture with ESCs led to a decrease in CD16 on NK cells. In the co-culture system, IL15 treatment downregulated the levels of Granzyme B and IFN-γ in CD16+NK cells, NKG2D in CD56dimCD16-NK cells, and NKP44 in CD56brightCD16-NK cells. On the one hand, these results indicated that IL15 derived from ESCs directly stimulates the growth and invasion of ESCs. On the other hand, IL15 may help the immune escape of ESCs by suppressing the cytotoxic activity of NK cells in the ectopic milieu, thereby facilitating the progression of EMS.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Accrual Earnings Management and Real Earnings Management
Authors: Wulandari Soliyah
Published: May 2016

This study examines the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on accrual earnings management and real earnings management. This study using control variables company size, KAP quality, and leverage. Sample of this study Obtained with purposive sampling for all non-financial company listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2001 to 2012. This study will use the data secondary, such as annual report. Data analysis will perform using multiple regressions. Result show that Corporate Social Responsibility is influence to accrual earnings management. Corporate Social Responsibility is a real influence to both abnormal earnings management of cash flow from operations and abnormal of production costsDOI: 10.15408/etk.v15i1.3116
Ethical Issues in School Educational Management
Authors:   Principal, Sri Sathya Sai Vidyaniketan, Ganeshvad Sisodra, N.H No. 8, Navsari- 396463, Gujarat, India, Narayan Biswal Bibhuti
Published: May 2016

Education in general has always been seen as a vehicle of social transformation and socio-politico-cultural-economic dynamics. Powerful, knowledge society of India need good quality education in 21st century. It has been said politics without principles, business without morality, education without character are equally dangerous for our country. Today the whole world is passing through corporate chaos such as Satyam Infotech, 2G spectrum allocation scam, Vyapam scam, Coal-gate and institutional conundrum such as suicide of students, sexual harassment of teachers and students, exploitation of employees etc are to name a few. It is often reported that a few unprincipled people are always behind such scams and incidents. It is in this context ethical issues in school educational management has been conceived so as to give respite to present debacles. According to [8] ethics in teaching of higher education cover: content and pedagogical competency, fair assessment, respect to stakeholders, professional conduct, student development, reasonable pay, perks and leaves, avoidance of dual relationships, counselling to students and parents and involvement in community development.The paper highlights the urgency of ethical practices in school education and offers pragmatic solutions such as : Emphasis on vision & mission of school, do’s and don’t do’s for educational managers, use of affirmative language, ethical documentation & dissemination. Institution of IQAC & ethics committee in school, enforcing POCSO act 2012, following “W-A-T-C-H” Model, Ethical performance appraisal / promotion and reward and conflicts management etc. By managing man ethically (method) money, materials’, machines and market can be conquered with the help of quality education.
Emerging need for Introducing courses B.H.Ed., and M.H.Ed., to the College and University Teachers
Authors:   Department of Education, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram –613401, Thanjavu, . S. Sampath
Published: May 2016

India is undergoing paradigm shift in Higher Education in an incredible proportion. Time has come for review of our system of education at higher level in the wake of quality aspects which are largely criticized by the competent boards and authorities. It is predominantly essential to give a strong foundation to the Teachers at various levels irrespective of the discipline. This article is aimed at introducing Teacher Training courses at tertiary education level to produce the skilled educators for inculcating higher education with a logical system and meaningful order. The need for quality faculty in the maintenance of educational standards need not be overemphasized.
Learning Problems in Children of Refugee Background: A Systematic Review
Authors: Graham Hamish R. , Minhas Ripudaman S. , Paxton Georgia
Published: May 2016

CONTEXT:

Learning problems are common, affecting up to 1 in 10 children. Refugee children may have cumulative risk for educational disadvantage, but there is limited information on learning in this population.

OBJECTIVE:

To review the evidence on educational outcomes and learning problems in refugee children and to describe their major risk and resource factors.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and Education Resources Information Center.

STUDY SELECTION:

English-language articles addressing the prevalence and determinants of learning problems in refugee children.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Data were extracted and analyzed according to Arksey and O’Malley’s descriptive analytical method for scoping studies.

RESULTS:

Thirty-four studies were included. Refugee youth had similar secondary school outcomes to their native-born peers; there were no data on preschool or primary school outcomes. There were limited prevalence data on learning problems, with single studies informing most estimates and no studies examining specific language disorders or autism spectrum disorders. Major risk factors for learning problems included parental misunderstandings about educational styles and expectations, teacher stereotyping and low expectations, bullying and racial discrimination, premigration and postmigration trauma, and forced detention. Major resource factors for success included high academic and life ambition, “gift-and-sacrifice” motivational narratives, parental involvement in education, family cohesion and supportive home environment, accurate educational assessment and grade placement, teacher understanding of linguistic and cultural heritage, culturally appropriate school transition, supportive peer relationships, and successful acculturation.

LIMITATIONS:

Studies are not generalizable to other cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS:

This review provides a summary of published prevalence estimates for learning problems in resettled refugee children, highlights key risk and resource factors, and identifies gaps in research.
Pharmacological Therapy of Tachyarrhythmias During Pregnancy
Authors: Yaksh Ameeta ,   Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Does Lisette JME van der ,   Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Lanters Eva AH ,   Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Groot Natasja MS de ,   Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Published: May 2016

Tachyarrhythmias are the most frequently observed cardiac complications during pregnancy. The majority of these maternal and foetal arrhythmias are supraventricular tachyarrhythmias; ventricular tachyarrhythmias are rare. The use of anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs) during pregnancy is challenging due to potential foetal teratogenic effects. Maintaining stable and effective therapeutic maternal drug levels is difficult due to haemodynamic and metabolic alterations. Pharmacological treatment of tachyarrhythmias is indicated in case of maternal haemodynamic instability or hydrops fetalis. Evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of AAD therapy during pregnancy is scarce and the choice of AAD should be based on individual risk assessments for both mother and foetus. This review outlines the current knowledge on the development of tachyarrhythmias during pregnancy, the indications for and considerations of pharmacological treatment and its potential side-effects.
Post-extrasystolic Blood Pressure Potentiation as a Risk Predictor in Cardiac Patients
Authors: Steger Alexander ,   1st Medical Clinic and Policlinic, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Sinnecker Daniel ,   1st Medical Clinic and Policlinic, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Barthel Petra ,   1st Medical Clinic and Policlinic, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Müller Alexander ,   1st Medical Clinic and Policlinic, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Gebhardt Josef ,   1st Medical Clinic and Policlinic, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, Schmidt Georg ,   1st Medical Clinic and Policlinic, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Published: May 2016

For more than 100 years physicians have observed that heartbeats following extrasystolic beats are characterised by augmented myocardial contractility. This phenomenon was termed post-extrasystolic potentiation (PESP). In the 1970s it was first noted that PESP measured at the blood pressure level is typically pronounced in heart failure patients. Only recently, it was shown that PESP measured non-invasively as post-extrasystolic blood pressure potentiation was a strong and independent predictor of death in survivors of myocardial infarction and in patients with chronic heart failure. A similar parameter (PESPAfib) can be also assessed in patients with atrial fibrillation. PESP and PESPAfibcan be understood as non-invasive parameters that indicate myocardial dysfunction. They have the potential to improve risk stratification strategies for cardiac patients.
The Role of Flecainide in the Management of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Lieve Krystien VV , Wilde Arthur A , Werf Christian van der ,   Heart Centre, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,   Heart Centre, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,   Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,   Heart Centre, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Published: May 2016

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare but severe genetic cardiac arrhythmia disorder, with symptoms including syncope and sudden cardiac death due to polymorphic VT or ventricular fibrillation typically triggered by exercise or emotions in the absence of structural heart disease. The cornerstone of medical therapy for CPVT is β -blockers. However, recently flecainide has been added to the therapeutic arsenal for CPVT. In this review we summarise current data on the efficacy and role of flecainide in the treatment of CPVT.
Differences in Left Versus Right Ventricular Electrophysiological Properties in Cardiac Dysfunction and Arrhythmogenesis
Authors: Molina Cristina E ,   Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, Heijman Jordi ,   Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Dobrev Dobromir ,   Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Published: May 2016

A wide range of ion channels, transporters, signaling pathways and tissue structure at a microscopic and macroscopic scale regulate the electrophysiological activity of the heart. Each region of the heart has optimised these properties based on its specific role during the cardiac cycle, leading to well-established differences in electrophysiology, Ca2+handling and tissue structure between atria and ventricles and between different layers of the ventricular wall. Similarly, the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) have different embryological, structural, metabolic and electrophysiological features, but whether interventricular differences promote differential remodeling leading to arrhythmias is not well understood. In this article, we will summarise the available data on intrinsic differences between LV and RV electrophysiology and indicate how these differences affect cardiac function. Furthermore, we will discuss the differential remodeling of both chambers in pathological conditions and its potential impact on arrhythmogenesis.
Incompressibility and mesh sensitivity analysis in finite element simulation of rubbers
Authors: Huri D.
Published: May 2016

Non-linear finite element calculations are indispensable when important information of the material response under load of a rubber component is desired. Although the material characterization of a rubber component is a demanding engineering task, the changing contact range between the parts and the incompressibility behaviour of the rubber further increase the complexity of the investigations. In this paper the effects of the choice of the numerical material parameters (e.g. bulk modulus) are examined with regard to numerical stability, mesh density and calculation accuracy. As an example, a rubber spring is chosen where contact problem is also handled.
Finishing production of spiroid worm shaft by varied centre distance and by appling grinding wheel banking angle correction
Authors: Dudás I. , Bodzás S. , Bányai K.
Published: May 2016

The objectives of this publication are to present a production technology which is a finishing production of conical worm using changing of centre distance between the worm and the grinding wheel and banking angle correction at the same time. We will determine the necessary optimum grinding wheel profiles for the manufacturing in light of the production tolerances. We will determine the function connections between the main production parameters.
Unterdrückung von Sexualverhalten und Fortpflanzung beim männlichen kleinen Wiederkäuer
Authors: Mihsler Lisa , Wagner Henrik , Wehrend Axel
Published: May 2016

Der Umgang und die Haltung männlicher kleiner Wiederkäuer sind ab Eintritt der Geschlechtsreife oft mit erheblichen Schwierigkeiten verbunden. Die Kastration stellt derzeit die sicherste Methode zur Lösung dieses Problems dar. Eine Alternative wären medikamentöse Verfahren zur temporären Ausschaltung der Gonadenfunktion. Nach einem kurzen Überblick zur chirurgischen Kastration wird anhand einer Übersicht der Literatur das derzeitige Wissen zur Anwendung von Vakzinen gegen Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon (GnRH) sowie zur Verabreichung von GnRH-Agonisten beim Schafund Ziegenbock dargestellt. Beim Schafbock wurde die GnRH-Vakzination unabhängig vom Alter zum Zeitpunkt des Behandlungsbeginns erfolgreich zur temporären Unterdrückung der Fortpflanzung eingesetzt. Für den Ziegenbock liegen weniger Untersuchungen vor. Eine vollständige Unterdrückung der Spermatogenese gelingt nicht in allen Fällen. Die Verabreichung von GnRH-Agonisten stellt derzeit keine als sicher zu bezeichnende Methode zur Unterdrückung der Gonadenfunktion dar.
Validity and reliability evidence of the questionnaire for illness representation, the impact of epilepsy, and stigma (QIRIS)
Authors: Souza Elisabete Abib Pedroso de , Borges Karina , Miyazaki Maria Cristina O. Santos , Oliveira Karina da Silva , Nakano Tatiana de Cássia
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to obtain reliability and validity evidence for the questionnaire of illness representation, the impact of epilepsy, and stigma (QIRIS) for use with adolescents and adults in Brazil. QIRIS consists of 14 questions grouped in three domains (attribution of meaning, impact of disease, and stigma) and was applied to 57 adults with epilepsy. QIRIS internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach’s α = 0. 866). Significant and strong correlation was found between issues belonging to the same domain, as expected. Three domains have highly significant and positive correlations with the instrument’s total score, indicating evidence of content validity. We conclude that QIRIS has psychometric properties and can facilitate a systematic evaluation of the patient’s representation according to a biopsychosocial approach that may contribute to clinical practice based on scientific evidence.
Sazonalidade e potencial energético da biomassa residual agrícola na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná
Authors: Pierri Letícia de , Pauletti Volnei , Silva Dimas Agostinho da , Scheraiber Clewerson Frederico , Souza Jorge Luiz Moretti de , Munaro Fernando Cesar
Published: May 2016

RESUMO Teve-se por objetivo, neste trabalho, avaliar as disponibilidades sazonal e espacial da biomassa residual da colheita das principais culturas de grãos, na região dos Campos Gerais, PR, estimar o potencial teórico de produção de energia elétrica a partir desses resíduos, bem como identificar os municípios da região com maior potencial para instalação de termelétricas movidas a biomassa. Dados de produtividade de milho, soja, trigo, cevada, aveia branca e aveia preta foram obtidos, na Secretaria de Agricultura do Paraná, para as safras 2008/2009 e 2009/2010 e, a partir do índice e do calendário de colheitas, estimou-se a produção e sazonalidade da biomassa residual das culturas analisadas. Foram coletadas amostras de biomassa destas espécies e determinou-se o poder calorífico superior (PCS) e o potencial teórico de produção de energia elétrica a partir dos resíduos quantificados. Os Campos Gerais do Paraná produziram 3.862.130 (2008/2009) e 4.107.932 Mg ha−1 (2009/2010) de biomassa residual total com o cultivo das seis culturas. A disponibilidade de biomassa concentra-se em março e abril (aproximadamente 60%), sendo inexpressiva em dezembro, janeiro e entre junho e agosto. A biomassa residual da colheita de grãos apresentou PCS comparável ao de espécies florestais e potencial total de produção de energia de 3.932 (2008/2009) e 4.185 GWh ano−1 (2009/2010). Dos municípios analisados, Tibagi e Castro são os mais promissores para a instalação de termelétricas movidas a biomassa, por apresentarem maior produção e melhor distribuição sazonal dos resíduos.
Capacidade de combinação de genitores de cenoura para caracteres de produtividade de raízes e tolerância à queima-das-folhas
Authors: Carvalho Agnaldo Donizette Ferreira de , Silva Giovani Olegário da , Pereira Ricardo Borges
Published: May 2016

RESUMO A demanda de mercado por uniformidade e produtividade de raízes comerciais de cenoura tem priorizado materiais híbridos em detrimento às variedades de polinização aberta. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar as capacidades de combinação de genitores de cenoura para os caracteres produtividade de raiz e resistência à queima-das-folhas. Os experimentos foram realizados no Gama, DF, nos anos agrícolas de 2012/13 e 2013/14. Foram avaliados 33 híbridos de cenoura, originados de cruzamentos entre três populações macho-estéreis, com 11 linhagens S2 macho-férteis, sendo todos os genitores de origem tropical. Aos 90 dias após a semeadura, foi estimada a severidade da doença queima-das-folhas, nas parcelas. Aos 100 dias após a semeadura, foi realizada a colheita e foram avaliados os caracteres de produtividade de raízes. Foram realizadas análises de variância e análise dialélica parcial, para cada ano e, conjunta, para os dois anos. Verificou-se que genes de efeitos aditivos e não aditivos são importantes na manifestação dos caracteres de produtividade de raízes e de resistência à queima-das-folhas, em híbridos de cenoura. Os genitores macho-estéreis com maior capacidade geral de combinação para produtividade de raízes são as linhagens LM-649 e LM-650 e, dentre os macho-férteis, a linhagem LM-555-2-2. Os melhores híbridos para produtividade de raízes e para resistência à queima-das-folhas são LM-649 × LM-555-11-1, LM-650 × LM-555-7-1 e LM-650 × LM-554-8-1.
Cantaloupe melon ( Cucumis melo L.) conservation using hydrocooling
Authors: Aroucha Edna Maria Mendes , Araujo Jeane Medeiros Martins de , Nunes Glauber Henrique de Sousa , Negreiros Maria Zuleide de , Paiva Cristiane Alves de , Souza Marcelo Sobreira de
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Maintaining cantaloupe melon at field temperature impairs conservation as it speeds up cell metabolism and transpiration, and, consequently, reduces shelf life. This study aimed to evaluate the conservation of Torreon hybrid cantaloupe using the hydrocooling treatment. Fruits were harvested at the commercial maturity stage (60 days after planting), in the morning, at the Nova California Farm, municipality of Mossoró-RN, in September 2007. One set of fruit was immersed in chilled water at 5 ºC for 5 min, at the packing house, while the remaining set was not hydro cooled. Then, both sets (treated and untreated with hydrocooling) were pre-cooled in air forced tunnels at 7 ºC, until the temperature in the pulp reached 10 ºC. Both fruit sets were stored for 0, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days under modified atmosphere at 3 ± 1 oC and 90 ± 5% RH. After each storage period, the fruits were incubated in an atmosphere-controlled chamber at 20 ± 2 oC and 80 ± 5% de RH, for seven days. The following characteristics were evaluated: external and internal appearance, mass loss, soluble solids, firmness and titrable acidity. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized split-plot design with four replications of three fruits. The plots consisted of the hydrocooling conditions (with and without fruit soaking in chilled water), and the sub-plots consisted of the storage times (0, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days).The treatment with hydrocooling was efficient in keeping the firmness and soluble solids of the fruits and shortened the pre-cooling time in the cooling tunnel. However, hydrocooling did not increase fruit shelf-life.
Efeito de doses de fósforo na produtividade e armazenamento pós-colheita de dois cultivares de cebola
Authors: Resende Geraldo Milanez de , Costa Nivaldo Duarte , Yuri Jony Eishi
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O fósforo é, reconhecidamente, o nutriente-chave para a obtenção de produtividades elevadas e tem sido o macronutriente que mais frequentemente limita a produção, em solos pobres nesse nutriente. Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade e armazenamento pós-colheita de bulbos de cultivares de cebola, em função de doses de fósforo, conduziu-se um experimento, de maio a dezembro de 2011, em Petrolina-PE. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 5x2, compreendendo cinco doses de fósforo (0; 60; 120, 180 e 240 kg ha-1) e dois cultivares (Franciscana IPA-10 e Vale Ouro IPA-11), com quatro repetições. Os cultivares Franciscana IPA-10 (74,6 t ha-1) e Vale Ouro IPA-11 (76,1 t ha-1) não apresentaram diferenças significativas para produtividade comercial de bulbos. Maior produtividade foi obtida na dose de 132 kg ha-1 de P2O5, associada à dose mais econômica de 130 kg ha-1 de P2O5. Verificou-se com o aumento das doses uma redução gradativa da produção de bulbos considerados não comerciais (refugos), sendo a menor produção estimada de refugos a obtida com a dose de 124 kg ha-1 de P2O5. Bulbos comerciais com maiores massa fresca e diâmetro foram obtidos com o incremento das doses. Não se verificou perda de massa significativa aos 30 dias após cura, para doses ou cultivares. Aos 60 dias após cura, detectou-se efeito significativo com menor perda para o cultivar Franciscana IPA-10 (27,2%) em comparação com o Vale Ouro IPA-11 (31,9%).
DEVELOPMENT OF LOGIC IN INDIA: SIGNIFICANCE OF 'THE DUOLOGUE BETWEEN PĀYĀSI AND KASSAPA' ("LONG DISCOURSES")
Authors: Bhattacharya Ramkrishna
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT 'The Duologue of King/Governor Pāyāsi' ("Long Discourses") has long been recognised as a source for the proto-materialism current at the time of the Buddha. What needs to be stressed is the significance of the text as a pointer to the development of Logic in India. Perception (observation and experiment employing the joint method of agreement and difference), which is an accepted method of experimental enquiry, and reasoning from analogy, which can lead at best to a probable conclusion - these two are the only means employed to settle the dispute concerning the existence of the other-world. The Jain version of the same duologue-cum-parable, though varying in minor details regarding the name and identity of the monk refuting the king/governor, contains the same contrast, namely, perception versus analogical reasoning. There can be little doubt that the original parable was conceived with a view to asserting the existence of the other-world. In the Kaṭha Upaniṣad (sixth century BCE), an earlier Brahmanical text, however, instead of argument by analogy, verbal testimony (śabda) was invoked to settle the same point. Naciketas is assailed by doubt about the existence of a person after his or her death. The authority of Yama, the Pluto of Indian mythology, is invoked to convince him that the other-world does exist. Thus, the three parables taken together exhibit three means of knowledge in operation: verbal testimony and argument by analogy pitted against perception.
Efeito agudo do alongamento na marcha de idosas em terreno inclinado
Authors: Souza Ricardo Martins de , Kirchner Bianca , Rodacki André Luiz Félix
Published: May 2016

Introdução O envelhecimento causa modificações musculares que influenciam negativamente a capacidade funcional dos idosos na locomoção, em especial durante a transposição de superfícies inclinadas. Essas mudanças geram redução da performance, diminuindo a mobilidade e aumentando o risco de queda na execução de tal tarefa. Os exercícios de alongamento podem reduzir a influência de dessas degenerações, preservando a capacidade muscular e a mobilidade. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atuação do efeito agudo de uma sessão de exercícios de alongamento sobre a marcha de idosas durante a locomoção em uma rampa. Materiais e métodos Doze mulheres idosas, saudáveis e independentes, caminharam subindo e descendo uma rampa com inclinação de 10%. A análise cinemática (2D) e eletromiográfica foi realizada durante uma única sessão experimental, imediatamente antes (PRÉ) e após (PÓS) a realização de um exercício de alongamento estático dos flexores do quadril. Resultados O exercício de alongamento gerou aumento da amplitude (PRÉ 52,3 ± 18,30; PÓS 63,6 ± 16,90) e velocidade (PRÉ 195,8 ± 31,20/s; PÓS 241,8 ± 29,80/s) do quadril, assim como redução do tempo de ativação do tibial anterior (PRÉ TAFIN1 29,7 ± 6,7%; TAFIN2 100,0 ± 0,0%; PÓS TAFIN1 23,3 ± 7,4%; TAFIN2 87,7 ± 3,4%) e do bíceps femoral (PRÉ 45,0 ± 5,4%; PÓS 36,1 ± 10,4%) na subida na rampa. Na descida ocorreu aumento na velocidade da marcha (PRÉ 0,95 ± 0,18 m.s-1; PÓS 1,01 ± 0,22 m.s-1) e tamanho do passo (PRÉ 1,02 ± 0,15 m; PÓS 1,08 ± 0,18 m). Conclusão Os exercícios utilizados foram capazes de alterar de forma significativa os parâmetros avaliados, permitindo uma marcha mais veloz e reduzindo a ativação muscular. Estudos longitudinais são necessários para que os resultados aqui encontrados de forma temporária possam ser confirmados de forma permanente.
Mediation of information in medicine: possibilities for dialogue among knowledge scientific, professional and sociocultural
Authors: Gomes Henriette Ferreira , Varela Aida Varela
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The mediation process takes place through the interrelationship of technical devices, human, environmental, and semiotic systems that enable knowledge sharing and construction. In discussing information mediation, we must consider the various mechanisms and communication strategies aimed at reaching not only the receiver of information, but also to develop cultural, specific, ethical and aesthetic values. In mediation of medical information, the doctor maters the specialized field of scientific knowledge, built from research activities performed by subjects in a given time, obeying the rules and protocols of research, formalization and dissemination of results, defined by the scientific community, with recognition and legitimacy, which puts him on the central condition of the legitimate mediator of the medical information. However, he cannot, alone, with his scientific answer, to meet both objective and subjective demands that come from patient-receptor. He needs to establish a dialogue with a range of other knowledge "voices" transiting through other knowledge, including the professional information, which interferes and act on complex interactive process in search of procedures for the maintenance and quality of living.
PRODUÇÃO ESCOLAR ESCRITA EM RELATÓRIOS DE ESTÁGIO DE UMA LICENCIATURA EM LETRAS
Authors: Gonçalves Adair Vieira , Silva Wagner Rodrigues , Cavalheiro Jolnei da Silva
Published: May 2016

Neste artigo analisamos propostas de produção escrita elaboradas por estudantes de graduação em uma licenciatura em Letras, na disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado em Língua Portuguesa, orientadas pela noção teórica de gênero textual (BRASIL, 1998). Caracterizamos esta pesquisa como qualitativa, interpretativista, de base empírica e documental, porque objetiva compreender/interpretar os significados culturais das ações em um contexto situado, neste caso, de atividades didáticas contextualizadas em relatórios de estágio supervisionado. Na pesquisa, investigamos a relocalização de conhecimentos teóricos sobre escrita escolar realizada nas instituições de ensino envolvidas. Problematizamos o trabalho de didatização vinculado diretamente à Licenciatura, o que pode acrescentar conhecimentos à literatura científica produzida sobre práticas de escrita propostas por professores de Língua Portuguesa em situação de trabalho.
AS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA CONSTRUTIVISTA
Authors: Rezende Flavia
Published: May 2016

Resumo: Neste trabalho refletimos sobre a utilização das novas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação no processo educativo sob a perspectiva construtivista, apontando desafios para a elaboração de materiais didáticos e para a prática pedagógica. Inicialmente, apresentamos uma visão panorâmica de como o construtivismo pode afetar os materiais didáticos que incorporam as novas tecnologias; em seguida, são tecidas considerações sobre as transformações necessárias de alguns elementos da prática pedagógica, como o papel do professor, o planejamento e a avaliação educacional em projetos de inovação tecnológica na escola, sob a mesma perspectiva. A principal contribuição do artigo é apresentar os encaminhamentos que têm sido dados a essa discussão nas literaturas nacional e estrangeira, o que pode ser útil a quem deseja aproximar-se das tendências atuais da introdução das novas tecnologias na educação.
WHEN A WOMAN IS MOTHER: FEMININE JOUISSANCE IN MOTHERHOOD
Authors: Alves Márcia Barcellos , Poli Maria Cristina
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: From the clinical listening of women concerning the strains of motherhood, this article intends to discuss the indications of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan regarding the comings and goings of the feminine and the maternal positions. This article proposes that Lacan's writings on the matter of jouissance make it possible to discuss the relation between feminine and maternal through a path other than that of complementarity but neither one of exclusion, insofar as that relation may be taken within the condition of supplementarity.
CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE PERMANENCE OF THE SUGGESTION IN THE CONTEXT OF TRANSFER: AN INTRODUCTORY STUDY IN THE FREUDIAN TEXT
Authors: Ferreira Luciana Bacellar Leal , Pinheiro Nadja Nara Barbosa
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: The article is based on the hypothesis that suggestion - abandoned as a technique since the beginning of psychoanalysis - once understood as a process inherent of psychic functioning, remains active in transference. It relates suggestion, symptom and dream in order to show that, since the beginning of Freud's work, the permanence of suggestion in transference is linked to something that escapes the analyst's control. Freud's papers, from his first publications to Dora, are analyzed.
FROM THE SEXUAL DIFFERENCE TO SEXUATION
Authors: Danziato Leonardo
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: The author revisits a route in Lacan's production that is located between the work "The Signification of the Phallus" and the seminar "Encore", to demonstrate the shift that occurs in the field of psychoanalysis, in regard to the location and function of marking the sexual difference in the structural web of the subject's constitution. As the operator of this twist, the author refers to the notion of jouissance and to the sexuation mathemes developed by Lacan, which led to a consideration of sexuatinno longer distinguished solely by the phallus and the "ideal types" of each sex, but by the field of jouissance, there included the feminine jouissance.
THE SPECIFICITY OF LANGUAGE IN PSYCHOANALYSIS
Authors: Andrade Cláudia Braga de
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: The following article aims to discuss the conceptions of language proposed in Freud's work, considering the specificity of the notion of representation, and to point out its consequences in clinical practice. In the representation theory, it is possible to conceive a notion of language characterized by heterogeneity (representation of the word and representation of the thing) that its effect of meaning is produced through a complex of associations and their linkage to an intensive approach (instinctual representative). From this model, it is assumed that the language exceeds its semantic function and the representational system is not restricted to the field of rationality and verbalization.
Assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: Toward improving accuracy
Authors: Stella Florindo
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The issue of this article concerned the discussion about tools frequently used tools for assessing neuropsychiatric symptoms of patients with dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease. The aims were to discuss the main tools for evaluating behavioral disturbances, and particularly the accuracy of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Clinician Rating Scale (NPI-C). The clinical approach to and diagnosis of neuropsychiatric syndromes in dementia require suitable accuracy. Advances in the recognition and early accurate diagnosis of psychopathological symptoms help guide appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. In addition, recommended standardized and validated measurements contribute to both scientific research and clinical practice. Emotional distress, caregiver burden, and cognitive impairment often experienced by elderly caregivers, may affect the quality of caregiver reports. The clinician rating approach helps attenuate these misinterpretations. In this scenario, the NPI-C is a promising and versatile tool for assessing neuropsychiatric syndromes in dementia, offering good accuracy and high reliability, mainly based on the diagnostic impression of the clinician. This tool can provide both strategies: a comprehensive assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia or the investigation of specific psychopathological syndromes such as agitation, depression, anxiety, apathy, sleep disorders, and aberrant motor disorders, among others.
BPSD following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Anghinah Renato , Freire Fabio Rios , Coelho Fernanda , Lacerda Juliana Rhein , Schmidt Magali Taino , Calado Vanessa Tomé Gonçalves , Ianof Jéssica Natuline , Machado Sergio , Velasques Bruna , Ribeiro Pedro , Basile Luis Fernando Hindi , Paiva Wellingson Silva , Amorim Robson Luis
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Annually, 700,000 people are hospitalized with brain injury acquired after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Brazil. Objective: We aim to review the basic concepts related to TBI, and the most common Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) findings in moderate and severe TBI survivors. We also discussed our strategies used to manage such patients in the post-acute period. Methods: Fifteen TBI outpatients followed at the Center for Cognitive Rehabilitation Post-TBI of the Clinicas Hospital of the University of São Paulo were submitted to a neurological, neuropsychological, speech and occupational therapy evaluation, including the Mini-Mental State Examination. Rehabilitation strategies will then be developed, together with the interdisciplinary team, for each patient individually. Where necessary, the pharmacological approach will be adopted. Results: Our study will discuss options of pharmacologic treatment choices for cognitive, behavioral, or affective disorders following TBI, providing relevant information related to a structured cognitive rehabilitation service and certainly will offer an alternative for patients and families afflicted by TBI. Conclusion: Traumatic brain injury can cause a variety of potentially disabling psychiatric symptoms and syndromes. Combined behavioral and pharmacological strategies, in the treatment of a set of highly challenging behavioral problems, appears to be essential for good patient recovery.
Complex poly(lactic acid)-based biomaterial for urinary catheters: I. Influence of AgNP on properties
Authors: Darie-Niţă Raluca N. , Munteanu Bogdan S. , Tudorachi Niţă , Lipşa Rodica , Stoleru Elena , Spiridon Iuliana , Vasile Cornelia
Published: May 2016

The present study focused on the development of biocompatible antimicrobial/antioxidant biodegradable bionanocomposite renewable resources based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) plasticised with epoxidised soybean oil. To the main PLA matrix hydrolysed collagen (HC) (to enhance biocompatibility), vitamin E (as antioxidant agent) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) (for imparting antimicrobial properties for medical applications and also for active packaging) were incorporated. The blends were produced by using the classical technological flow of melt processing. The presence of the additives in the PLA matrix improved the processability and flexibility and slightly decreased the thermal properties. The specific interactions of silver NPs with the other components of nanocomposites, mainly with HC protein and vitamin E (by ionic and other types of secondary bonds), led to a better HC and vitamin E dispersion in the samples with a higher silver content (1·5%), which further caused the enhancement of the mechanical properties for high silver NP concentration. Therefore, the silver NPs were successfully embedded into the polymer matrix. The aim of this research was to improve the flexibility, biocompatibility and functionality of PLA and to obtain bionanocomposites destined for medical applications such as catheters. This first part of research deals with mechanical and thermal characterisation correlated with morphological features.
Tratamientos actuales del trastorno por atracón
Authors: González-Calderón María J. , Ormaechea-Alegre Elena
Published: May 2016

Introducción: a pesar de que el trastorno por atracón (ta) constituye un importante problema de salud, menos de la mitad de quienes lo padecen reciben tratamiento. Objetivo: revisar la literatura reciente sobre las intervenciones llevadas a cabo en casos de ta. Método: con el fin de llevar a cabo la presente revisión narrativa, se han consultado las bases de datos Pubmed, Medline y Scielo. Solo se eligieron artículos en revistas indexadas en la Web of Science. La literatura revisada corresponde a los artículos más citados publicados en el período temporal que abarca desde el 2010 hasta el 2015. Resultados y conclusiones: los resultados muestran que las intervenciones más utilizadas son las de índole psicológica, entre las cuales se destacan la terapia cognitivo-conductual y la terapia interpersonal, recomendada esta última en pacientes con patología más severa. La terapia de conducta de pérdida de peso es menos eficaz al no reducir los atracones, por lo que no constituye el tratamiento de elección. Aunque algunos antidepresivos y antiepiléticos han mostrado cierta utilidad para reducir los atracones, el peso y patologías comórbidas, no hay evidencia de que la intervención farmacológica por sí sola sea más eficaz que la psicológica, ni de que mejore los resultados de la segunda cuando ambos se aplican conjuntamente.
Relative Wealth Concerns, Executive Compensation, and Systemic Risk-Taking
Authors: Liu Qi , Sun Bo
Published: May 2016

Given the recent empirical evidence on peer effects in CEO compensation, this paper theoretically examines how relative wealth concerns, in which a manager’s satisfaction with his own compensation depends on the compensation of other managers, affect the equilibrium contracting strategy and managerial risk-taking. We find that such externalities can generate pay-for-luck as an efficient compensation vehicle in equilibrium. In expectation of pay-for-luck in other firms, tying managerial pay to luck provides insurance to managers against a compensation shortfall relative to executive peers during market fluctuations. When all firms pay for luck, we show that an effort-inducing mechanism exists: managers have additional incentives to exert effort in utilizing investment opportunities, which helps them keep up with their peers during industry movements. In addition, we show that compensation arrangements involving pay-for-luck that are efficient from the shareholders’ perspective can nonetheless exacerbate aggregate fluctuations in the real economy by incentivizing excessive systemic risk-taking, especially in periods of heightened risk.
A DESFIGURAÇÃO DO ROSTO-DEFICIENTE: OU DA POTÊNCIA DO CORPO EM FLUXO CRIATIVO ARTÍSTICO
Authors: Queiroz Ferraz Ana Rita
Published: May 2016

Este artigo problematiza representações do corpo-deficiente, desde o diálogo com pensadores como Deleuze e Guattari. Constitui-se num ensaio produzido a partir dos trabalhos do grupo Perspectivas em Movimento, que oferece oficinas de arte para pessoas com deficiências diversas, com o propósito de fazer variar as políticas hegemônicas de sentido que resultam no discurso da inclusão. Objetiva questionar a invenção do corpo-deficiente, ou Rosto-deficiente, enquanto objeto das ciências da saúde, e a consequente produção de subjetividades fixadas pelo modelo médico. Para tanto, parte do corpo da pessoa com deficiência, quando em fluxo criativo artístico, para pôr à mostra políticas de forças que investem na disjunção exclusiva (binária) - doença/saúde, feiúra/beleza, eficiência/deficiência-, fundamento moral do preconceito e da discriminação. As primeiras observações indicam que quando em variação, o corpo-deficiente atualiza-se como corpo-potência.
VÍNCULO AFETIVO MATERNO: PROCESSO FUNDAMENTAL À SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Sá Oliveira do Espirito Santo Celeste , Nascimento Araújo Maria Antonieta
Published: May 2016

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa bibliográfica cujo objetivo foi explorar o direcionamento de pesquisas contemporâneas na temática binária vínculo afetivo materno e saúde mental investigando se, nas suas respectivas formulações teóricas, há uma aproximação com os referenciais da psicanálise. Os dados foram coletados na base do Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO, tendo sido utilizadas as palavras-chaves vínculo mãe-bebê, apego, risco e saúde mental. Foram selecionadas as publicações de 2014, em língua portuguesa. A análise dos dados levantados levou à identificação de um direcionamento dos estudos para cinco categorias: fatores de risco e de proteção– tema prevalente, evidenciando preocupação com a integridade física e psíquica da criança e, em especial, do bebê - instrumentos de avaliação destes riscos, bem como às questões que envolvem a subjetividade parental além de um avanço em tema pouco abordado, em geral, nas pesquisas científicas: a importância da participação paterna no desenvolvimento infantil. É comum, entre os estudos analisados, a consideração da primeira fase do desenvolvimento humano como um momento de construção simbólica, a partir de uma vivência de proximidade física e emocional da criança com a mãe, ou pessoa substituta, que exerça a função materna nos primeiros anos de vida do bebê. É prevalente a utilização da psicanálise e de estudos psicanalíticos, sobretudo de Bowlby e Winnicott, como recursos teóricos para o entendimento dos objetos de estudos identificados. A partir das conclusões deste estudo, considera-se de relevância que as políticas de saúde, principalmente as relacionadas à atenção humanizada, deem especial atenção aos cuidados nos períodos da gestação bem como no período peri-natal e pós-natal. Além disso, incentiva-se a que novos estudos possam abordar díades de diferentes arranjos familiares da contemporaneidade - paternidade compartilhada, adoções de bebês por casais homoafetivos, dentre outros.