bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Inverter Nonlinearity Identification Method Based on Physics-Informed Network for Different Working Conditions
Authors: Lu Jiayi , Sun Wei , Jiang Dong , Li Dawei , Qu Ronghai
Published: November 2024

The compensation of inverter nonlinearity effects (INE) can significantly mitigate current distortion, motor vibration, and losses within the motor. In industrial applications, compensation voltages derived from the INE model, as well as offline identification methods and online INE observers, are commonly employed. However, the INE model often lacks precision due to the difficulty in obtaining various inverter parameters. Offline identification is time-consuming, as it necessitates determining the compensation values under a range of working conditions, including varying DC bus voltages, dead times, and switching frequencies. Online identification methods tend to be complex because they require the integration of additional identification components into the control system. In this paper, a physics-informed network is proposed to identify the INE compensation value in different working conditions, and an INE model is proposed to provide physics information. This approach aims to reduce identification time and circumvent the complexities associated with traditional control system calculations. The proposed network requires only experimental data of two working conditions from offline identification experiments of and can accurately predict compensation voltages for 45 working conditions. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Spatial Imaging Unlocks the Potential of Charting Multiple Myeloma and Extramedullary Disease
Authors: Desantis Vanessa , Andriano Alessandro , Düking Tim , Hartwig Olga , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Ria Roberto , Vacca Angelo , Solimando Antonio Giovanni
Published: November 2024

Here we employed spatial interaction networks created with MACSima™ imaging cyclic staining, navigating the complexity of myeloma architecture. Next, we provided insights into tissue composition and cell interactions at intra- and extramedullary sites, thus paving the way for theragnostic avenues.
Thermal Optimization, pH Sensitivity, Growth Dynamics, and Bioactivity of Streptomyces Isolates from soil samples in Anyigba, Kogi state
Authors: ZAKARI David Adeiza , KAREEM Sarafadeen Olateju , OBUOTOR Tolulope Mobolaji , Adeboye AKINLOYE Oluseyi , Moyosore ADEFILA Adebimpe , Idris EGBEJA Tsobaza , BELLO Kizito Eneye , Zainab AZEEZ , Olubunmi EMUROTU Marvelous , Emmanuel Edegbo , ISOJA Stephen Ojochegbe , Amoka AUDU Godwin , Muhammed Abdulsamad Adeiza
Published: November 2024

Background
This study investigates the optimal growth conditions for various Streptomyces isolates, focusing on temperature, pH, and incubation period. Additionally, it assesses their antioxidant and cytotoxic potential to explore their industrial and therapeutic applications.
Methods
The growth conditions of Streptomyces isolates were evaluated by varying temperature, pH, and incubation period. Temperature preferences were tested from 30°C to 60°C, while pH was adjusted between 5.0 and 7.5. Growth dynamics were monitored, with peaks identified between 48 and 120 hours. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH assay, assessing radical scavenging potential. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the brine shrimp lethality assay, and LC50 values were determined to gauge the potency of cytotoxic effects.
Results
Distinct temperature preferences were observed among the isolates, with most showing peak growth between 30°C and 40°C, typical for mesophilic organisms. Isolate DM 1 uniquely thrived at 60°C, suggesting high-temperature stability. pH optimization revealed that most isolates preferred slightly acidic to neutral conditions (pH 5.0 to 7.5). Growth peaks varied from 48 to 120 hours. Antioxidant activity was high in isolates YM 3 and DMP 3, also noted in GA 2 and CSV 2. Cytotoxicity assays showed that isolates CSV 1 and DMP 3 had the highest cytotoxicity, with lower concentrations yielding significant effects. Isolates GA 1, GA 2, and YM 4 also demonstrated potent cytotoxicity at lower concentrations over extended exposure, in contrast to lower cytotoxicity observed in CW isolates.
Conclusion
These findings provide insights into optimizing cultivation conditions and exploring potential applications in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.
Critical thresholds of adult patch size and spacing during coral fertilisation
Authors: Ricardo Gerard F. , Doropoulos Christopher , Babcock Russell C. , Buccheri Elizabeth , Khalil Andrew , Mumby Peter J.
Published: November 2024

Extreme climate events have severe impacts on the ecological functioning of marine ecosystems by causing wide-spread declines in population sizes and, for surviving individuals, limiting the capacity for population recovery through sexual reproduction. Ecological theory suggests that impacted populations can suffer local extinction due to Allee effects that occur during reproduction 1-3: large distances between corals prevents gamete encounters, resulting in reproductive failure 4-6. Corals are particularly vulnerable to climate impacts; however, without understanding the relationship between the spacing of spawning individuals and fertilisation success, reefs may pass a critical population threshold before effective conservation measures can be implemented. To assess the influence of adult patch characteristics on fertilisation success, we conducted a series of manipulative field experiments using three common broadcast-spawning Acropora species in two countries (One Tree Island, GBR; and Nikko Bay, Palau). Experimental coral populations ranged in mean intercolonial distance from 1 to 2 m and resulted in low but notable fertilisation success, ranging from 1.2 to 8.7%. We developed an independent mechanistic coral fertilisation model whose predictions closely aligned with the empirical data. The model predicts that in absence of strong convergence zones, adult coral densities need to exceed 13 – 50 colonies per 100 square meters for reefs to remain 10% reproductively functional.
Beyond Borders: Unravelling the Business Landscape of India and China from 2019 to 2023
Authors: M Dhasarathan , Singh Ajmer , Sen Biswajit
Published: November 2024

This study aims to compare the performance of India and China across various parameters of doing business such as starting a business, dealing with construction permits, obtaining electricity, registering property, accessing credit, protecting minority investors, tax payment processes, trade across borders, contract enforcement and resolving insolvency etc. for 2019-20. Business landscape was analyzed during two distinct periods: 2019–2020 (using Doing business report by World bank) and 2021–2023 (using business environment rankings by Economist Intelligence Unit). It was observed that recently India is performing well in creating business friendly environment than China. India's efforts have borne fruit, resulting in an improved ranking in the ease of doing business. This study relies on secondary data sources and aims to provide a conceptual understanding and current position of business environment in both India and China.
JEL codes: O53, M21, K22, G38
HoloSimR: a comprehensive framework for simulating breeding programs including the hologenome scenario
Authors: Casto-Rebollo Cristina , Pocrnic Ivan , Gorjanc Gregor , Ibáñez-Escriche Noelia
Published: November 2024

Background
Including microbiome information in breeding schemes may be helpful to improve the selection response of livestock populations. However, the complexity of the microbiome makes modelling across species and traits difficult. The estimation of the microbiability and the identification of the microbial species are highly dependent on the methodology used. Indeed, it is complicated to decide which is the best one because we fail to know the true underlying scenario. This study proposes an R package named HoloSimR for simulating the coevolution of the genome and the microbiota under a selection process. HoloSimR allows the user to explore the effect of the microbiota on the phenotypic response to selection and the effects of the environment, host genetics and symbiosis between microbial species on the composition of the microbiota.
Results
To illustrate the use of HoloSimR, a divergent selection process was simulated over ten generations. This example considered the most complete simulation that the HoloSimR package can perform; a divergent selection process, for six different scenarios, and with and without the symbiosis effect. The scenarios simulated the different approximations for calculating the phenotype (genome only, microbiota or both), as well as the host genetic effect on the microbiota composition. The most complex example took 898.47 minutes (~ 15 hours) on a standard laptop with 16 GB of RAM, for ten generations of selection, repeated ten times.
Conclusion
HoloSimR provides a valuable research platform, allowing researchers to test hypotheses and develop new approaches in a controlled in silico environment before applying them to real-world breeding programmes. This ultimately advances our understanding of host-microbiota interactions in the context of animal breeding.
Determinants of in-hospital Mortality Among Adult Stroke Patients Admitted to Public Hospital of Shashamane City West Arsi, Oromia, Ethiopia. A Two Year Unmatched Case-control Study
Authors: Hussein Dalu
Published: November 2024

Background: Now-day’s, stroke is becoming a public health problem in developing countries as well, with huge consequences in terms of loss of productivity, premature death and long-term disability. In an effort to improve the standard of stroke care, we investigated the factors that increase the risk of in-hospital mortality.
Objective: To identify determinants of in-hospital mortality among adult stroke patients admitted to public hospitals in Shashamane city, Oromia Ethiopia, 2024.
Design: a Facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from January 30, 2021 to January 30, 2023.
Setting: This study was conducted in Shashamane city, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Participants: Medical records of 204 (66 cases and 138 controls) stroke patient admitted at public hospitals of Shashamane town were included.
Methods: Data from patients' medical records were collected using a standardized checklist. Epi Data version 4.6 was employed for data entry, while Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 facilitated analysis. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression was done and a p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare significance. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used to indicate the strength of association between the variables
Results: aspiration pneumonia(AOR=6.2, 95%, CI=1.93 – 19.95), sepsis (AOR=13.44, 95%, CI=4.41– 40.9), hemorrhagic stroke (AOR=6.91, 95%, CI=2.12 – 22.26), increased intracranial pressure (AOR=3.61, 95%, CI=1.2 – 10.82) and patients with severe Glasgow Coma Scale (3-8) (AOR=8.27, 95%, CI=1.88 – 36.38) were statistically significant and predictors of mortality.
Conclusion: aspiration pneumonia, sepsis, hemorrhagic stroke, increased intracranial pressure, and moderate Glasgow Coma Scale were determinants of in-hospital mortality. Therefore, early identification and treatment of complications along with strict follow-up are required to reduce in-hospital stroke mortality.
Flow cytometry immune profiling of recurrent and newly diagnosed growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas: comparison of two clinical cases
Authors: Lisina Daria , Mazeeva Valeria , Zakharova Elena , Sorokina Alyona , Dzhemileva Lilya , Grigoriev Andrei , Azizyan Vilen , Shutova Alexandra , Pigarova Ekaterina , Dzeranova Larisa , Melnichenko Galina , Rumiantsev Sergei , Mokrysheva Natalia , Chekhonin Vladimir , Loguinova Marina
Published: November 2024

Early detection of aggressive pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) remains challenging due to the absence of reliable markers that can predict disease progression. Aggressive tumors are typically identified through long-term observation. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is crucial for understanding PitNETs' heterogeneity and identifying potential predictors of tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we analyzed immune profile of micro- and macroenvironment in two somatotropinomas (aggressive and non-aggressive) using flow cytometry. We observed lymphopenia and elevated neutrophil levels in the periphery in the patient with tumor recurrence. The aggressive TIME showed greater leukocyte infiltration, with lymphoid cells predominating over myeloid cells along with a higher proportion of CD4+ T cells over CD8+ T cells. We detected double-positive CD4+CD8+ population, high level of regulatory T cells and a sharp increase in PD-1+ expressing T cells over six months during recurrence. In the blood of the patient with tumor recurrence, we observed reduced granule-mediated cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells and NK-cells. In the aggressive TIME the number of effector cells producing perforin and granzyme B—both independently and simultaneously was significantly lower. The proportion of CD3-CD20- NK cells and CD3-CD56+ NK cells was low after the first recurrence but increased sharply after six months. The ratio of monocyte subpopulations in tumor differed from that in blood, with CD16+ expressing monocytes predominating in the TIME of both patients. M2 macrophages in TIME rose sharply to 60.8% over six months during recurrence. In several immunological parameters, the patient with tumor recurrence exhibited a more pronounced immunosuppressive profile.
Effect of GA3 Spraying on the Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Aglaonema under Drought Treatment
Authors: Hui Jun-Ai , Zhou Yu-Jun
Published: November 2024

GA3 is a common plant growth regulator used in production that can accelerate plant metabolism and significantly enhance the plant growth rate. We investigated the effects of exogenous GA3 on the physiological and biochemical indexes of Aglaonema under drought treatment. The effects of exogenous GA3 on the plant height, leaf blight rate, antioxidant enzyme activity, leaf pigment, and malondialdehyde content of Aglaonema were evaluated using Aglaonema ‘Red Ruyi’ as the test material and simulating natural drought treatment in nutrient soil pots. The spraying of exogenous GA3 significantly increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzyme activities, promoted the accumulation of soluble sugars, reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde, and slowed the decline of chlorophyll and carotenoids, which had good effects such as the reduction of the leaf wilting rate and increase in the plant height as well as the maintenance of the plant shape to maintain the ornamental appearance. The growth indexes such as plant height and wilting rate were mainly influenced by the changes of the leaf pigment and physiological and biochemical indexes of malondialdehyde.
From Niche to Mainstream: US Consumer Trends and Preferences for Elderberry Products
Authors: Cai Zhen , Stubblefield Kelsi , Thomas Andrew L. , Aguilar Francisco X.
Published: November 2024

Elderberry (Sambucus spp.) is an emerging and popular specialty crop in North America and worldwide. Both the fruit and flowers are being increasingly consumed because of their proven health benefits, mostly in the form of dietary supplement products. We explored changes in consumer knowledge and purchasing preferences regarding elderberry products after comparing results of a survey conducted in 2022 with those of a previous study conducted in 2011. Findings based on responses from 1036 US residents revealed that 41.2% had previously consumed elderberry products. This marks a significant increase from the 6.9% reported in the 2011 survey. Elderberry-based vitamin supplements were the most consumed elderberry product reported in the survey. Approximately half of the respondents reported consuming this product, which is an approximately seven-fold increase from 7.0% reported in 2011. We noted a change in purchasing venues, with more than 50% of participants purchasing elderberry products from grocery stores in 2022 compared to 43% in 2011. An analysis of a discrete choice experiment revealed that, among selected product attributes, organic and pesticide-free production of elderberries were the most important attributes. Statistical results of the choice experiment suggested that consumers were willing to pay, on average, US$3.51 more per 12-ounce (355 mL) bottle of juice made from organic elderberries and an even higher premium of US$3.97 more per bottle of pesticide-free elderberry juice compared to that for juice made from conventionally grown elderberries. We also estimated that consumer products made with American-grown elderberries would garner a 13% price premium over elderberries grown in Europe. Elderberry products with carbon neutrality elicited a 13% premium per bottle of juice (approximately US$1.91 more per bottle) compared to that of those without disclosure of the carbon emission information. In summary, elderberry products labeled as pesticide-free, locally produced, and carbon-neutral are likely to offer the greatest market appeal to US consumers and would further contribute to the mainstreaming of elderberry products.
Günlük Yaşamdaki Kitsch Bulguların Çağdaş Sanata Yansıması
Authors: Karagüzel Rabia , Karaca Gülçin
Published: November 2024

Rahatsızlık verici renk ve kurgulama, olması gerekenden farklılaşan, beklentiyi karşılayamayan durumlar, alaycı tavırlar ve iticilik kitsch kavramının temel özellikleri arasında sayılabilir. Bu durumlara rağmen çekici tavrı ile neredeyse her zevk düzeyine hitap edebilen bu kavram kolay ulaşılabilir olması ile özellikle günlük yaşam alanlarında da sıklıkla farkedilebilir. Bu araştırmada da günlük yaşamda karşılaşılan kitsch imgelerin ortak özellikleri; taklit, geleneksel kültürel kodlar, fabrika çıkışlı, el emeği olmadan üretilen hazır nesneler, rüküşlük, parıltılı ve süslü teknik, abartı, parlak renkler olarak belirlenmiştir. Çağdaş sanatta da bu tür özelliklerin kullanıldığı çalışmaların olduğu gözlemlenebilir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı da gündelik yaşamda karşılaşılan kitsch kavramının çağdaş sanat çalışmalarında kullanılan kitsch tavırla olan farklılığını ve benzerliklerini ortaya koyarak çağdaş sanat çalışmalarındaki kitsch ögelerin özelliklerini sorgulamaktır. Araştırmada literatür tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak kitsch kavramını bilinçsizce benimseyen kişiler ile bilerek ve isteyerek kullanan sanatçılar arasındaki ayrımın ortaya konulduğu düşünülmektedir
Ambalaj Tasarımında Tüketiciyi Yanıltan Görsellerin İncelenmesi ve Yeniden Tasarlanması
Authors: Armutcı Ebru , Mercin Levent
Published: November 2024

Ambalajlama tarih boyunca kil kaplardan yüksek teknolojili ambalajlara kadar süren bir serüvendir. Ambalaj tüketici odaklı bir sektör olduğu için tüketicinin istek ve ihtiyaçları ön planda tutularak, doğru dürüst ambalaj tasarımlarının yapılması tüketicinin markaya olan güvenini arttırmaktadır. Tüketicinin aldatılması amaçlananın ve beklentinin sonucu olarak tüketiciyi olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada da ambalaj yüzeylerindeki imgelerin tüketiciyi yanıltan görselleri üzerinde durularak araştırma kapsamında Türkiye’deki atıştırmalık gıda ambalajları incelenmiştir. Aldatıcı ambalajları belirleyerek bu yaklaşımın yanlış olduğunu, farklı yaklaşımlar sonucunda da tüketiciyi etkileyebilmenin yönleri olduğunu gösterebilmek bir ihtiyaç olarak görülmüştür. Araştırmada literatür taraması ve ürün incelemesi ile özgün tasarımların ortaya konulması yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Genel olarak atıştırmalık gıda ambalajlarının tasarımları incelenmiş, abartılı ve yanıltıcı ifadelerin olduğu ambalaj tasarımları ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Yanıltıcı görsellerin olduğu ambalajlara örnek olması adına yeniden tasarlanan özgün ambalaj tasarımları hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışma dürüstlük misyonuna sahip ambalaj tasarımları için yol gösterici olması bakımından önemlidir.
Numerical calculation of integrals in the density functional theory in the electron gas approximation using CUDA technology
Authors:   Kabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sokurov Aslan A.
Published: November 2024

The expression for the potential energy of interaction of two neutral atoms in the absence of a chemical bond consists of the sum of multiple and improper integrals. Due to the cumbersome nature of the functions, finding these integrals in explicit form is not possible. Software systems widely used in practice based on standard methods of computational mathematics are also not capable of providing satisfactory accuracy in their numerical calculations in a short time. In quantum chemistry and computational physics, the above greatly limits approaches to modeling the properties and structures of atomic/molecular systems. You have to rely on Monte-Carlo integration methods or formulas of the Gauss — Laguerre type, which are not so effective in terms of accuracy. In this article, in relation to this problem, we propose a method for transferring Newton — Cotes quadrature formulas to the architecture of graphic processors. The features of such a transfer are discussed in detail, designed to eliminate bottlenecks and maximize the performance of the corresponding calculation programs. The platform for massively parallel computing is CUDA technology from NVIDIA. Testing has shown that in typical tasks, the efficiency of programs for GPUs based on parallel analogues is on average an order of magnitude higher than classical ones. Within the framework of the proposed approach, it was possible to calculate interatomic interaction potentials in a wide range of changes in distances between atoms with high accuracy and in an acceptable computer time, as well as determine the equilibrium interaction parameters. the results obtained are in good agreement with the data known from the literature.
Analysis of research into the mathematical foundations of model-based systems engineering
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sukhomlin Vladimir A.
Published: November 2024

The article provides an analysis of research into the mathematical foundations of model-based systems engineering (MBSE, Model-Based Systems Engineering). Both the classical mathematical theory of Wymore’s system design and modern research are considered, in particular, the formalization of the semantics of the SysML language using automata theory, the use of category theory as a formal mathematical basis for model-based system design, the study of the possibilities of combining the theoretical basis of Wymore’s systems and the universal Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) modeling formalism.
Competition for agents’ opinions in small dynamic systems with limited control
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gao Jingjing
Published: November 2024

This paper explores a competitive opinion dynamic system representing a social network evolving over time. The agents compare their own opinions with the average ones and form new opinions. There are players who control agents’ opinions in a social network, and their aims are to make opinions in the society closer to the desired levels over a finite time horizon by minimizing their costs. The feature of this model is that players can influence agents in a limited number of time moments. We show how players can choose the moments of influence from Pareto optimal set on numerical examples. The results of numerical simulations are provided in the work.
Representation of Tao as the Key Concept of Chinese Culture in Ancient Philosophical Treatises: Peculiarities of Chinese and Russian Concepts
Authors:   Sichuan University, Wang Shuo
Published: November 2024

The broad semantic representation of the concept “Tao” is shown on the example of ancient Chinese philosophical treatises: “Lun yu”, “Tao de jing”, “Zhong-tzu”, “Mo-tzu”, “Xun-tzu” and “Sun-tzu”. The presentation of these works is nominated in contemporary Chinese studies by the term “Chinese Yuandian”, emphasizing the influential power of the most important original philosophical treatises. The conceptual substantiation of “Tao” and the timeless value of its conceptual perception determined the purpose of this article: i. e., to show the formation of the concept of “Tao” in the philosophical system of Lao-tzu and to reveal the versatility of interpretations of “Tao” by different schools in the history of Chinese civilization; to present analysis of the evolution of its representation by modern Chinese researchers and Russian sinologists. The article makes an attempt to represent the concept “Tao” within the framework of linguocognitive approach through the methods of conceptualization and categorization. The study analyzes the representation of the concept “Tao” in Lao-tzu in three main aspects of philosophy: ontological, epistemological and axiological. The description of the construction of the concept “Tao” in Lao-tzu’s philosophical system is aimed at the perception of the interpretations of “Tao” by other schools in Chinese culture. The conclusion about the spread of the influential power of “Tao” beyond Taoism determined the impact of Lao-tzu’s philosophical thought on other iconic thinkers of the Pre-Qin schools. The similarities and differences in the interpretation of “Tao” as the same keyword used by all the Pre-Qin schools are vividly reflected in the Chinese yuandian, indicating the universally recognized status of “Tao” in Chinese culture.
Tolstoy’s Supertext and the Leninist Myth about Lev N. Tolstoy
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Kurianova Valeria V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of one of the varieties of associative and semantic supertext, the nominative persona text, in this particular case the Tolstoy text and its basis — the Tolstoy myth. The aim of this article is to show the role of Vladimir I. Lenin in the creation of the literary mythology about Lev N. Tolstoy, characteristic of the Soviet period, and, consequently, in the creation of the Tolstoy text in the Russian literature of the 20th century. The author’s myth about Tolstoy, created in the articles by Ulyanov-Lenin, is an important part of the literary myth about the great Russian writer, which, due to the significance for the writer’s consciousness of the Leninist heritage promoted in the Soviet era, had a significant impact on the perception of Tolstoy’s personality, creative and journalistic heritage in literary works and literary studies in 20th century Russia. The introduction includes a brief theoretical explanation of the research problem with reference to the works of famous Russian philologists, as well as an explanation of the possibility of considering Lenin’s articles as facts of literary and literary-critical nature. A brief characterization of the works of both the Soviet period and recent times on the problem of “Lenin on Tolstoy” is given, on the basis of which a conclusion is made about the novelty of the work. It is pointed out that the research was carried out with reliance on sociological, mythopoetic, structuralist and biographical methods of literary studies. In conclusion, it is argued that Lenin’s works on Tolstoy, his views and his legacy actively shaped the Tolstoy mythology, which, thanks to the subsequent canonization of Lenin as the leader of the revolution and the inspirer of socialist construction, gained a foothold in the public consciousness and had its influence on the formation of the Tolstoy text in Russian literature.
Classical Teaching of Rhetoric in Russian Philological Tradition (18th — First Half of the 19th Century)
Authors:   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Annushkin Vladimir I. , Zhao Yueting ,   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute
Published: November 2024

The article presents a historical and critical review of the classical teaching of rhetoric as the science and art of speech in the Russian philological tradition of the 18th — first half of the 19th centuries. A description of this experience of rhetoric as “the science of inventing, arranging and expressing thoughts” can give a lot to a modern scholar and teacher, since today’s educational practice largely uses ancient classical methods and techniques in organizing verbal and speech education. The authors present information about rhetoric in Ancient Rus’, when there were no rhetoric textbooks, but active oratorical activity was carried out; the first rhetoric textbooks of the 17th century and the time of Peter the Great with their practical advice and recommendations for constructing a speech; describes “means for acquiring eloquence” by Mikhail V. Lomonosov, which, as it turns out, were based on their predecessors, rhetoric manuals of Peter’s times; in our first higher educational institutions, for example, Moscow University, “eloquence” was taught primarily, and at the beginning of the 19th century, “literature” reigned and the peak of Russian rhetoric flourished in the first years of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, where Nikolai F. Koshansky was teaching. The modern world of the Russian Word cannot be imagined without this historical and cultural tradition, in the study of which much remains to be done, but without the support of which it is impossible to realize creativity in modern Russian speech. Materials related to teaching rhetoric can provide a lot of useful advice and recommendations to the modern teacher and student regarding both the rules of speaking and the education of a speaker. Th us, Old Believer rhetoricians give specific advice on personality formation and pronunciation rules; Lomonosov offers classical “means of acquiring eloquence,” interpreting them in an original way for the Russian audience, and the pinnacle of rhetorical education should be the lessons of N. F. Koshansky at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, who recommended reading, reflection and practical exercises.
Multimedia Educational Complex “Pushkin on the Interactive Reading Lesson”: Methodology, Structure and Possibilities of Use
Authors:   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Kulibina Natalia V.
Published: November 2024

The article presents a new project of the Pushkin Institute “Creation of a multimedia educational complex ‘Pushkin on an interactive reading lesson’ ” made for the anniversary of the great poet with the financial (grant) support of the “Russian World” Foundation. The author’s methodology of teaching fiction reading used in the project is described, according to which more than 60 online reading lessons have already been created, posted on the website of the course “Reading Lessons, a holiday that is always with you”, and at least 200 scenarios of face-to face reading lessons, as well as corrections that were made during the creation process the jubilee Pushkin project. Th ese corrections concerned the methodological preparation of a literary text for educational activities (dividing the text into parts and creating four lessons) and the organization of work with linguistic and cultural objects. The article contains a detailed overview of the structure of the multimedia complex, which includes the following components: a cycle of four online text reading lessons according to the text of the story by Pushkin “The Squire’s Daughter” in the versions “For Readers and Teachers” (8 lessons in total), four offline reading lessons (in the format of mobile applications) and additional resources to them (pdf application with creative tasks and a mobile application with a filword, as well as the text of the story in three formats — video, audio and pdf. All components of the multimedia complex are available on the illustrated website of the project, which in turn does not just serve as a place to place all the components of the complex, but performs a meaningful role, creating a special atmosphere, immersing the reader in the magical Pushkin world. In the final part of the article, the target groups of potential users of the project are indicated, as well as various possibilities for using the multimedia project in educational activities are proposed.
Detection of multi-branching pipes using transients in a pilot-scale pipeline system with uncertainties
Authors: Ko Dongwon , Lee Jeongseop , Kim Kwangju , Kim Sanghyun
Published: November 2024

The detection of small side branches within underground water pipe networks can be challenging since they are usually subject to many unknown uncertainties. A transient-based method was proposed to detect multi-branching pipes in pipeline systems having uncertainties associated with unknown abnormalities. To isolate the uncertainty signal from the original pressure signal, a polynomial transient model was developed that can address nonlinear transient introduction. Through the superimposition of different pressure signals, the uncertainty signal was delineated to obtain the processed signal for multi-branch prediction. Pipeline systems with two branching pipes were tested under various uncertainties to detect multi-branching pipes. In this study, two transient generation conditions were used: an instant valve closure and a pressure injection. Under several uncertainty conditions, hydraulic pressure damping can be obtained for the detection of two branching pipes under both transient generation conditions. It is possible to predict the locations of multi-branching pipes with a prediction error of less than 10% by using proper signal processing and manipulation for two distinct transient generation methods in a pilot-scale pipeline system with several uncertainties. This study demonstrates the potential for detecting multi-branching pipes in a pipeline system, even with unknown uncertainties for a pipeline system.
Pathogen validation of small- and large-scale recycled water plants utilizing various clarification and media filtration technologies
Authors: Reeve Petra , Marshall Gretchen , Zhang Po , Thwaites Ben , van den Akker Ben
Published: November 2024

Media filters are important in wastewater recycling schemes for pathogen removal. Filter selection depends on health targets and plant scale; however, there is a data gap concerning pathogen removal efficacy at full scale. This study compared the pathogen removal performance of two full-scale filtration technologies, including a small 17,000 m3/d pressurized media filtration (PMF) plant and a large 120,000 m3/d gravity filter in the form of dissolved air flotation filtration (DAFF). The preceding clarification processes were also assessed. Validation of protozoa and virus removal was estimated by dosing model organisms yeast and MS2 bacteriophage to demonstrate removal potential. The DAFF process (coagulation, flotation and filtration) was most efficient at removing bacteriophage with a mean log10 reduction value (LRV) of 2.90 (±0.64), compared with 0.98 (±0.37) achieved by coagulation, sedimentation and PMF. Yeast log10 reduction though both systems were similar measuring 3.80 (±1.06) through DAFF and 4.57 (±0.14) through coagulation, sedimentation and PMF. The DAFF process showed greater variability in MS2 and yeast removal, which was attributed to filtration. Energy and chemical usage were also evaluated, revealing trade-offs between these factors, treatment scale and pathogen LRVs, offering practical insights into the technological and economic aspects of designing fit-for-purpose recycled water schemes.
Ferroptosis as a Therapeutic Target in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exploring the Mechanisms and Potential of Treating Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Zhong Hui , Liu Hanxiang , Fu Qiang
Published: November 2024

Amidst the rising global burden of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and
Parkinson's diseases, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to combat these debilitating
conditions. These diseases are characterized by progressive neural dysfunction leading to
cognitive impairments, for which current therapeutic strategies remain palliative at best. Recently,
the discovery of ferroptosis, a novel cell death mode that is different from apoptosis and autophagy,
has opened new avenues in the field of cognitive research. With in-depth research on ferroptosis,
the clinical significance of iron homeostasis disorders and lipid peroxidation in the occurrence,
development, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are gradually becoming apparent.
This study aims to elucidate the roles of ferroptosis in the context of neurodegeneration and to
explore its potential as a therapeutic target. By unraveling the intricate relationship between iron
homeostasis disorders, oxidative damage, and lipid metabolism disturbances in these diseases,
new intervention targets are revealed. It offers a new dimension to the management of neurocognitive
impairments in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The implications of these findings extend
beyond just Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. They also have relevance with other neurological
conditions characterized by oxidative stress and iron dysregulation. This review contributes
to increased knowledge of ferroptosis and provides a foundational understanding that
could lead to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Ultimately, it may alleviate the
development of neurodegenerative diseases and improve cognitive function by preventing ferroptosis,
which has not only academic significance but also potential clinical significance.
Mechanistic Studies on the Antidiabetic Properties of Gallotannins
Authors: Li Xueqing , Wu Wei , Liu Yuting , Zhao Jiale , Gui Yibei , Wang Hailin , Wang Lijun , Luo Yiyang , Zhou Gang , He Yumin , Yuan Chengfu
Published: November 2024

The escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has emerged as a global public health dilemma.
This ailment is associated with insulin resistance and heightened blood glucose concentrations. Despite
the rapid advancements in modern medicine, where a regimen of medications is employed to manage blood
glucose effectively, certain treatments manifest significant adverse reactions. Recent studies have elucidated
the pivotal role of gallotannins in mitigating inflammation and obesity, potentially reducing the prevalence of
obesity-linked T2DM. Gallotannins, defined by their glycosidic cores and galloyl groups, are ubiquitously present
in plants, playing diverse biological functions and constituting a significant segment of water-soluble polyphenolic
compounds within the heterogeneous tannins group. The structural attributes of gallotannins are instrumental
in dictating their myriad biological activities. Owing to their abundance of hydroxyl groups (-OH)
and complex macromolecular structure, gallotannins exhibit an array of pro-physiological properties, including
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, protein-precipitating, and antibacterial effects. Extensive research
demonstrates that gallotannins specifically obstruct α-amylase and pancreatic lipase, enhance insulin
sensitivity, modulate short-chain fatty acid production, alleviate oxidative stress, exhibit anti-inflammatory
properties, and influence the gut microbiota, collectively contributing to their antidiabetic efficacy. This review
aims to consolidate and scrutinize the extant literature on gallotannins to furnish essential insights for
their potential application in diabetes management.
Research on the Therapeutic Effect of Qizhu Anti Cancer Recipe on Colorectal Cancer Based on RNA Sequencing Analysis
Authors: Zhai Pingping , Qian Xueshen , Liu Guangyao , Wang Jingjing , Xie Lei , Tang Decai
Published: November 2024

Background:

Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in clinical
practice, and traditional Chinese medicine, as an important adjuvant treatment method, plays
important roles in the treatment of malignant tumors.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the mechanism of action of the Qizhu anti-cancer recipe
on colorectal cancer through transcriptome sequencing.

Methods:

The control group and Qizhu anti-cancer recipe group were established separately, and
sequencing of the cells of the two groups was performed using the Illumina sequencing platform.
Two sets of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were screened using the DESeq2 algorithm,
and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes
and Genomes (KEGG), Reactome, Disease Ontology (DO), and Protein-Protein Interaction
(PPI) were used to comprehensively analyze the molecular functions and signaling pathways enriched
by DEGs.

Result:

A total of 122 DEGs were identified through differential analysis, including 24 upregulated
genes and 98 downregulated genes. GO analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched
in functions such as alkaline phase activity, ion transport, cell differentiation, etc.; KEGG analysis
showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways such as Thiamine metabolism, apoptosis,
signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, cellular senescence and so on. Reactom
analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in response pathways such as EGR1,2,3
bind to the NAB2 promoter, EGR binds ARC gene, EGR-dependent NAB2 gene expression,
etc.; DO analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in diseases
such as disease of cellular proliferation, disease of anatomical entity, organ system cancer, etc.;
PPI analysis identified key differentially expressed genes, including DDIT3, CHAC1, TRIB3,
and ASNS.

Conclusion:

Based on transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, it was found that
the Qizhu anti-cancer recipe may involve DEGs and signaling pathways in the treatment of colorectal
cancer. Our study may provide potential drug targets for developing new treatment strategies
for colorectal cancer.
Preliminary Characterization of the Vasorelaxant Effect of Thymus atlanticus (Ball) Roussine Using Optical Methods
Authors: Elbouny Hamza , Bouchebchoub Nabil , Ouahzizi Brahim , Hajjami Rania , Filali-Zegzouti Younes , Amarouch Mohamed Yassine , Alem Chakib
Published: November 2024

Background:

Thymus atlanticus (Ball) Roussine is a Moroccan endemic thyme species
that is traditionally used as an aromatic and medicinal plant. Several studies have demonstrated its
pharmacological significance and therapeutic value.

Objective:

The current study aimed to assess the vasorelaxant effect of the aqueous extract of this
species.

Methods:

The contractility of isolated rat aortas was investigated using the multi-well organ bath
technique. This method was adapted and validated in our experimental conditions using
epinephrine and hydralazine as vasoconstrictive and vasodilator agents, respectively. The application
of 10 μM epinephrine induced a clear vasoconstriction of the aorta rings (Lumen reduction =
31.8±0.4%). However, hydralazine induced a dose-dependent relaxation with an EC50 value of
6.1±1.2 mM. For the aqueous extract of T. atlanticus, the aortic rings were precontracted with
epinephrine, and then increasing concentrations (0.125-1 mg/mL) of this extract were added cumulatively.

Results:

The results have indicated T. atlanticus extract to have a significant vasodilatory effect in
a dose-dependent manner (EC50 = 0.52±0.03 mg/mL).

Conclusion:

The findings provide preliminary evidence of the vasorelaxant effect of the aqueous
extract of T. atlanticus using a low-cost optical approach. However, the cellular and molecular
mechanisms underlying this effect have yet to be revealed.
Neighbourhood Sum-Based Structural Analysis for Sodalite System
Authors: Julietraja K. , Raja S. Arul Amirtha , Alsinai Ammar
Published: November 2024

Background:

Sodalite is a type of zeolite with an intricate structure comprising a system of interrelated cages and tunnels. It is extensively used in sieving applications due to its unique structure and properties. As a result, it finds several uses in water and air purifica-tion, radioactive decontamination, detergents, and so on. Due to the potential positive envi-ronmental impact of sodalite materials, analysing the molecule at a structural level becomes the need of the hour.

Methods:

Molecular descriptors form the basis of many convenient and cost-effective tech-niques for studying molecular structures. In this article, the neighbourhood sum-based de-scriptors are computed edge-partition techniques, simplifying the intricate structures with cages and tunnels into more simple graphs for mathematical convenience.

Results:

This article presents the calculated analytical expressions for molecular descriptors, specifically focusing on various neighbourhood sum degree-based indices in sodalite struc-tures.

Conclusion:

The results presented in this article establish the dependence of the physical properties of a molecule on its underlying structure using the computed molecular de-scriptors. The graphical comparison of the results provides a visual representation of the be-haviour of indices with respect to the molecular structure.
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Update on Emerging Pathological Mechanisms
Authors: Kakkar Chirag , Sharma Veerta , Mannan Ashi , Gupta Gaurav , Singh Sachin , Kumar Puneet , Dua Kamal , Kaur Amarjot , Singh Shareen , Dhiman Sonia , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: November 2024

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a notable consequence of diabetes mellitus, distinguished
by cardiac dysfunction that occurs separately from coronary artery disease or hypertension.
A recent study has revealed an intricate interaction of pathogenic processes that
contribute to DCM. Important aspects involve the dysregulation of glucose metabolism, resulting
in heightened oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial function. In addition, persistent
high blood sugar levels stimulate inflammatory pathways, which contribute to the development
of heart fibrosis and remodelling. Additionally, changes in the way calcium is managed
and the presence of insulin resistance are crucial factors in the formation and advancement
of DCM. This may be due to the involvement of many molecular mechanistic pathways
such as NLRP3, NF-κB, PKC, and MAPK with their downstream associated signaling pathways.
Gaining a comprehensive understanding of these newly identified pathogenic pathways
is crucial in order to design precise therapy approaches that can enhance the results for individuals
suffering from diabetes. In addition, this review offers an in-depth review of not just
pathogenic pathways and molecular mechanistic pathways but also diagnostic methods, treatment
options, and clinical trials.