bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nickel uptake in Symbiodynium spp. and host cnidarian -assessment using the model cnidarian Exaiptasia pallida
Authors: Nur A , Reichelt-Brushett A , Howe P
Published: October 2019

Start Nickel (Ni) is common marine pollutant and derived from discharge of industries, mining and agriculture. Elevated Ni concentrations, could be harmful the organisms in marine environment such as corals reef. The sea anemones Exaiptasia pallida has been widely used for toxicity tests in the laboratory because it is easy to maintain and culture in contained aquarium conditions. To understand the pathway of uptake and storage of elevated Ni between the sea anemone host and symbiotic algae, and the model sea anemone E. pallida was exposed to three different Ni concentrations (500 xg/L, 1000 xg/L, 2000 xg/L) and control treatment over 9 days and 18 days. Ni accumulation was assessed in both the host anemone tissues and the Symbiodinium spp. The concentration of Ni was measured using Perkin Elmer NexION 300D ICPMS (Inductively Couple Plasma Mass Spectrophotometry) after sampel digestion. The statistical analysis was completed using R version 3.5.0 (R core team 2013) R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienne, Austria. The model was chosen by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) after to comparing between model options. Shapiro-Wilks test was used to verify the normal distribution of the date set to be analysed.The overall result showed the accumulation of nickel was highest in Symbiodinium spp. (212.62 + 50.12 mg/Kg) after a 9 days exposure period in concentration 2000 xg/L while 18 days exposure period was less ( 129.66 + 31,94 mg/Kg) in concentration 2000 xg/L. The lower uptake of Ni in Symbiodinium spp. in the longer exposure time of 18 days compare to 9 days exposure might be due to the ability of Symbiodinium spp. to release the Ni through their metabolism or the Ni dose may have inhibited normal function of the algae, although the accumulation of both times period was significantly higher than the control treatments. Meanwhile, host anemones accumulated 77.43 + 6.28 mg/Kg Ni over 9 days exposure period and the 2000 xg/L treatment and increased after 18 days exposure in concentration 2000 xg/L (45.54 + 4.12 mg/Kg).The result of these finding highlight the importance of understanding the metal accumulation in host and cnidarian. This is particularly important if these species are used in biomonitoring studies where bleaching may occur due to stress, but may in effect be a depuration pathway for metal load, masking the biological uptake and interaction between metal and organisms.
Imposex study on Thais aculeata (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in Ambon Bay, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Islami M M , Sari A P , Tala D J , Baszary C D U
Published: October 2019

Study on imposex of Thais aculeata was conducted in September to October 2016 in Talake Shipyard, Ambon Bay. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the imposex insidence in muricids T. aculeata. Level of imposex was calculated using some indices i.e. RPLI (Relative Penis Length Index), RPSI (Relative Penis Size Index) and PI (Percentage of Imposex). A total of 110 individuals T. aculeata consisted of eight size classes were found, which 39 females individuals were identified to be exposed of imposex. Females with imposex were characterized by the presence of pseudopenis in the form of a small bulge on the top right of the tentacles. Pseudopenis relatively smaller than that of male penis size i.e. 2.13 mm while male penis size was 4.95 mm. Percentage of imposex of T. aculeata was 41.05%, RPSI was 7.97; RPSI was 49.58, and sex ratio of male and female individuals was 1:6.3 The correlation between class size shell with imposex was moderate relationship (R = 0.44). Ratio between number of male individuals and female with imposex was significantly different, but ratio between normal females and females with imposex; and shell length average between normal females and females with imposex was not significantly different, respectively.
The correlation of the water quality and phytoplanktons in the Haruku waters
Authors: Rugebregt M J , Horhoruw S M
Published: October 2019

This study aims to analyze correlation of waters quality and phytoplacton that it can be used as the basic for the utilization and management of the Haruku Village waters. This study was conducted in the Haruku Village waters in July to December 2017 at five sites. Water quality parameters analyzed are temperature, salinity, pH, DO, BOD5, nutrient (nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, silicate), and phytoplankton. The correlation analyzed using Primary Component Analyzes (PCA). The results obtained are Water quality parameters of Haruku Village waters have a different correlation depending on the Musoon.
Biodiversity of Holothurians in Morella coastal waters, Central Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Ongkers O T S , Pattinasarany M , Mamesah J A B , Uneputty Pr A , Pattikawa J A
Published: October 2019

The Holothurian is one of the echinoderms which has well known as the sea cucumber. The coastal communities in Maluku often harvest the sea cucumber for their livelihoods both for consumed and sold them. Recently, the number of sea cucumber has been decreased due to anthropogenic and environmental degradation. Therefore, the data of bio-ecology of the resources are needed to manage the resources for its sustainability. The objective of the study was to analyze the biodiversity of holothurians. Data were collected by purposive random sampling. The research was carried out from October 2017 to October 2018. The results showed that there were five species of holothurians found during this study. The abundance of holothurians ranged from 18 to 173 individuals which the highest abundance was found in March 2018 whereas the lowest abundance was found in November 2017. The diversity of species differed each month. The study indicated that there were temporal changes in diversity. The diversity index (H’) ranged from 0.733-1.346, meaning low species diversity. The evenness index showed that the abundance of each species had almost similar. So, that there were no predominance species. Nevertheless, three species have a high number or tend to be dominant later namely Bohadschia similis, Holothuria scabra and H. atra.
Impacts of sedimentation on coral reefs in Inner Ambon Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Limmon G V , Marasabessy A M
Published: October 2019

Sedimentation is one of the limiting factors for coral life. Suspended and deposited sediment have negative effects on the coral community. The rate of sedimentation can lead to low coral cover, low growth rate and low recruitment. Sediment that enters inner Ambon bay comes from 8 rivers around the bay. In this research, we assess coral reefs condition, calculate the rate of sedimentation, analyze effects of sedimentation on the coral reefs, and observe the change of coral reefs condition in inner Ambon Bay. Distribution and general condition of coral reefs was observed using manta tow method. Three places were then chosen to be surveyed in detail using line intercept transect to determine the percentage of coral cover. Resuspendedsedimet were measured by using sediment traps placed on coral reefs for 3 days. Sea water was collected with Niskin bottle, filtered and analyzed in laboratory to determine suspended particulate matter. The results showed that percentage of coral cover in Hunut, Kate-Kate and Halong are 5.62%, 5.26%, and 8.92% respectively and fall into the category of poor coral reef condition. The percentage of coral cover decreased progressively since 1985. The suspended particulate matter in three locations is more than 20 mg/l and resuspension sediment at Kate-kate is 18.39 mg/cm2/day, Hunut 16.29 mg/cm2/day, and Halong 10.12 mg/cm2/day. The degree of sedimentation in inner Ambon Bay is at the level of moderate to severe.
Analysis of 100 kW ocean thermal power plant with butene as working fluid
Authors: Halimi B , Atolah R Y
Published: October 2019

As one of longest coastlines countries in the world where located in the tropical region, Indonesia has a prestigious potency of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). In this paper, a study on working fluid of power plant generation based OTEC concept will be presented. Currently, ammonia is well known working fluid for OTEC applications. However, in this study it will be verified that the thermal efficiency of the OTEC can be improved significantly by adopting the Butene as the working fluid. Moreover, in term of mass flow rate, it needs only 4.21 kg/s of Butene to generate 100 kW output power.
The application of solid boxes on small passenger speed-boat
Authors: Hetharia W R , Gaspersz F , Louhenapessy Y , Feninlambir A
Published: October 2019

The application of solid boxes to prevent the sinking of small boats had been executed by the authors with small tuna-long boats. This concept was continued to be applied on small passenger speed-boats to find the possibility of application of solid boxes. This is due to some restrictions of spaces inside small passenger boats. The purpose of application of solid boxes on board is to reduce the incoming water and to prevent the boat from sinking. The data of full-scale boats were collected and developed into Maxsurf software. A scale boat model was developed by this software in order to compute and analyze the boat parameters as well as to construct the real boat model. The boat model was arranged for the details of weight components and their centers. The incoming water was filled into the model and tested for its sinkage. The results showed that the boat was sink. Therefore for future work, other method should be considered on the model in order to prevent it from sinking.
Defense strategy at sea handling of Transnational Organized Crime (TNOC) in Nunukan Indonesia’s national sea border
Authors: Suhirwan  , Prakoso L Y
Published: October 2019

The development of the global and regional strategic environment has an impact on the development of the national strategic environment. The Territory of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) region which is a world crossing position is the world’s maritime axis where the flow of world transportation and world telecommunications is passed. The negative impact that is felt at this time is the tip of increasing the number of transnational organized crime (TNOC) that occurred in the NKRI. So it is necessary to do research on how the implementation of handling transnational crime at this time, especially in locations that are factual or potential occur such as in the waters of Nunukan-North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia which is directly adjacent to the City of Tawau-District Sabah, Malaysia. From the conditions of implementation of the handling it can be found the root of the problem so that a strategy can be formulated to improve the handling of transnational crime in the territorial waters of the Republic of Indonesia with other countries.
Development of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) for the Indonesian marine security agency
Authors: Hozairi  , Buhari  , Lumaksono H , Tukan M
Published: October 2019

The Indonesian maritime security agency called Bakamla is an institution that has the duty to carry out safeguards, oversight, prevention and prosecution of violations of law in the territorial waters and jurisdictions of Indonesia by synergizing and monitoring the implementation of patrols in the waters by relevant agencies. Bakamla is a manifestation of the realization of Indonesia’s concept as a maritime axis, as the newly established institution Bakamla must be able to regulate and manage institutions that have authority in the sea. The problem with Bakamla is that it does not have an integrated system that is able to manage resources in several institutions, especially institutions that have legal authority at sea. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a system that can overcome the problem of resource management in several institutions, ERP is a system that integrates several institutional tasks so that it can streamline institutional activities, facilitate interaction between institutional units and provide easy access to information. This study aims to develop an ERP application for the planning, assignment, supervision and control processes in each of Indonesia’s marine security areas. This ERP is developed with the Waterfall method which is a sequential process design which in the process looks like a waterfall flow from the concept design process, project identification, analysis, design, coding, testing, implementation and maintenance. The results of this study have been able to regulate all supervisory activities, control and assignment of resources of each institution under the coordination of Bakamla so as to improve marine security in Indonesia.
The effect of gradual salt soaking and atung (Parinarium glaberimum, Hassk) on the yield and quality of dry salted bony flying fish (Cypselurus oxycephalus)
Authors: Moniharapon T , Pattipeilohy F , Moniharapon D L , Sormin R B D
Published: October 2019

The study on the effect of soaking salt and atung (Parinarium glaberimum, Hassk) has been conducted to investigate the production and quality of dried salted Bony flying fish (Cypselurus oxycephalus). There are two types of soaking salt used in this study i.e. gradual soaking (5 and 10% salt concentration) and single soaking (25% salt concentration). Three types of quality parameter used in this experiment i.e. organoleptic (appearance, smell, taste and texture), chemical (water content, salt content, protein content, peroxide number) and microbial (Total Plate Count). The yield of dried salted bony flying fish (C. oxycephalus) obtained through gradual soaking of salt and atung was 21.85 and 23.00% respectively which is less than the yield obtained through single soaking salt treatment (32.57%). For chemical parameters, the quality of dried salted of bony flying fish obtained through gradual soaking salt and atung were 16.12 – 16.96%, 76.37 – 79.15%, 4.82 – 8.67%, 0.23 – 0.34 mg.ek./g, and 4.03 – 4.56 (Log X)( 1.07×104 – 3.63× 104 colony) respectively which is better than that of single soaking which have chemical parameters of 22.66%, 53.26%, 18.68%, 0.43 mg ek./g and 5.26 (Log X) ( 1.82 x 105 colonies) respectively. For organoleptic analysis, the quality of dry salted flying fish attained from gradual soaking salt and atung were 7.4 – 8.0; 7.3 – 7.6; 6.9 – 7.4; 7.4 – 7.6 respectively whilst from single soaking salt were 7.2; 7.2; 7.2 and 6.5 respectively. Organoleptic results achieved from gradual soaking salt and atung seems to have slightly higher quality compare to single soaking salt.
Examination of ball clays derived from a new seam in northern Thailand
Authors: Wattanasiriwech S , Wattanasiriwech D
Published: October 2019

Domestic ceramic industrial demand requires intensive searches for a new source of ball clay with acceptable quality. Analysis of clay samples derived from a new seam in Payao province, northern Thailand was performed using a series of techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and L*a*b* color space method. Geological study of this clay seam showed the division into 5 sub-layers, from top to bottom, and was coded as KR, KC KA, KB and KQ respectively. The main minerals found in these clays were illite, quartz, kaolinite and rutile with a trace of clinochlore. KQ was quartzitic with a relatively low clay mineral content. KR was reddish due to the high content of iron bearing mineral. This clay was least refractory so it was not attractive for high firing white ware industry. In KB layer, large particles of plant relicts were generally observed so it showed abnormal distribution of the particle size and a substantial thermal weight loss. KA and KC showed the greatest potential for utilisation in whiteware industry. These clay samples were off-white after firing at 1150 °C.
Effects of pore water pressure on cohesive-frictional slope stability by limit analysis
Authors: Wulandari S N , Li A J , Wahyudi H
Published: October 2019

In the region there was generally influenced by seasonal weather such as highly rainfall intensity, the slope failure will be influenced by the existence of water and these conditions may trigger the changing of failure surface on the slope. The increasing pore water pressure causes shear strength reduction and shear stength enhancement. Consequently, the water level changes need to be evaluated conscientiously. In this paper, the various water levels are applied to perform the different pore water pressure conditions below the ground surface. Many methods are commonly used to predict the slope stability failure mechanism, including limit analysis. Limit analysis has been more widely employed for stability assessment in recent years because of its accuracy. In limit analyses, gravity multiplier will be adopted in this paper by using two-dimensional (2D) numerical approach to identify the failure mechanism. The results will be verified by comparing this study to previous studies.
Influence and safety control of blasting vibration on existing lining for closely tunnel expansion
Authors: Wang W , Yuan Q , Jiang H , Chen P S
Published: October 2019

Based on the project of Erzhuangke expansion tunnel, this paper aims to investigate the influence of the blasting vibration caused by the expanded tunnel excavation on the adjacent existing lining, then a reasonable safety control criterion is proposed. The 3D finite element analysis, combined with field test, was employed to analyze peak particle velocity (PPV) and the maximum tensile stress of the existing lining under the closely tunnel blasting. The results demonstrate that the blasting vibration attenuation rate of existing lining is faster within the range of about 1.5B from the blasting source, then gradually tends to be flat, and the two sides are basically symmetrical distribution. However, the PPV and tensile stress of the side wall and arch waist of the existing lining nearest to the blasting source are significantly larger than those of other locations, so it is more likely to be damaged. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the field test, which also verifies the accuracy of the field test results and the rationality of the numerical simulation. Moreover, the safety control criterion based on the PPV and maximum tensile stress is established to ensure the operation safety of existing tunnels, and the PPV safety criterion of existing lining is 10.73 cm/s, so that the maximum allowable charge of a single section should be controlled within 41.05 kg.
Community Power Monitoring and Management System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Huang Zehong , Yang Guanlu , Wang Shuyang , Chen Xiaofeng
Published: October 2019

With the wide application of power equipment and non-linear equipment in the community, the power quality of the power grid is further reduced. Therefore, power quality has become the research focus of the power industry today. This paper designs a community power monitoring and management system based on LabVIEW. The system consists of two parts: data acquisition circuit and software program. The specific functions include the communication configuration of LabVIEW and data acquisition card and the design of power quality monitoring. The feasibility of the power monitoring and management system.
Lanthanum leachate concentration from spent catalysts
Authors: Donoso Caterine , Maza Alex , Urrutia-Goyes Ricardo
Published: October 2019

Spent catalysts generate leachates that cause very serious environmental problems. This study shows the evaluation of the influence of applying a base to the leach recovered from an exhausted catalyst obtained from the “Esmeraldas State Refinery” in Ecuador. The main goal was to increase the percent concentration by mass of lanthanum and in turn reduce the concentration of aluminum through its precipitation. The agent used was 4.0 and 5.0 M sodium hydroxide and the pH was adjusted to stimulate the precipitation. Results show that the agent used is a precipitator of aluminum since the concentration of lanthanum increased up to 44%. The use of metal hydroxides in leachates is a valid alternative for the removal of heavy metals in order to prevent the contamination of the environment.
Joint prediction of CO, NOx, NMHC pollutant concentrations in urban area
Authors: Zhao JL , Sun MX , Li Q
Published: October 2019

Primary air pollutants could directly and indirectly (through generating secondary air pollutants) threaten natural or human systems. In particular, urban air pollution issue becomes more and more significant in the recent decades, as a result of rapid urbanization. However, the estimation of multiple-pollutant concentrations is limited by high spatial and temporal variations, which hinders the accuracy of mechanistic modeling of air pollution. In this study, we employed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to jointly predict multiple primary pollutants, including CO, NOx, and nan-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), over the urban area of Italy. The results showed that performances of the ANN model (MSE and Pearson correlation) in joint prediction cross multiple pollutants were much better than in prediction of any single pollutant individually, indicating the joint measurements of multiple pollutants could favor the machine-learning model by providing useful information from one pollutant to predict another.
Characterization of intermetallic phase in as-cast Si-doped Co–Cr–Mo alloys
Authors: Tunthawiroon P. , Chiba A.
Published: October 2019

This research aims to investigate the effects of Si concentrations on the microstructure and formation of the intermetallic phase of Co–Cr–Mo–xSi alloys. The Si concentration (x) was varied between 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 wt%. The microstructure and intermetallic phase of the solution heat-treated Co–Cr–Mo alloys were characterized using SEM-EDX, XRD and TEM. The microstructure analysis revealed that Si concentration played a role in the evolution of intermetallic phase precipitating in Co–Cr–Mo alloys. Two types of intermetallic phased were found in the Si-doped Co–Cr–Mo alloys. The σ phase was identified in the alloys containing Si between 0.1-1.0 wt% while the increase in Si (3.0-5.0Si) contributed to the formation of the χ phase. The calculated lattice parameters of the intermetallic phase precipitated in the 3.0Si and 5.0Si alloys correlated well with those of Co5Cr3Si2 phase.
Improving the mechatronic system for automatic control of the reversing stands of mill 5000
Authors: Radionov A A , Gasiyarov V R , Karandaev A S , Loginov B M , Khramshin V R
Published: October 2019

It is noted that when extending the range of products made by plate rolling mills, it becomes relevant to improve the algorithms of the automatic parameters control systems. We hereby present a structure that explains the SMS Demag AG concept of automatic control over stand roll gauge and gaps. This concept is implemented in the automatic gauge control system (AGCS) of Mill 5000, Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. We describe the drawbacks of the AGCS that manifest when rolling <10 mm plates. The most serious drawback is the tear of metal pieces from the trailing edge, which is caused by the inappropriate functioning of the gauge assignment and adjustment system. We present the structural diagram of the gauge calculation system. We also describe the functions of a system for dynamic compensation of disturbances. We provide rationale for excluding the roll counter-bending and deformation correction signals. The paper proposes a method to control hydraulic screwdowns, which is essentially about a quick increase in the inter-roll gap at the workpiece “trailing edge” during the last pass, which must be done when rolling thin plates. We analyze the oscillograms of signals describing the gauge interference when the proposed changes are implemented. We prove the technological efficiency of using the proposed control method on Mill 5000.
Comparative analysis of 3L-NPC converter output voltage with selective harmonic elimination PWM
Authors: Gasiyarov V R , Radionov A A , Maklakov A S
Published: October 2019

The main purpose of this article is to show the importance of a comparative analysis of a three-level neutral point clamped (3L-NPC) output voltage with selective harmonic elimination PWM (SHEPWM). As compared to other PWM technique, the SHEPWM method has a lower dynamic power loss and a better THD at the same switching frequency. The objective of this analysis is to provide a modelling results of THD and a voltage/current spectrum of the output voltage with a various SHEPWM implementation for the 3L-NPC converter. A mathematical model for this research was developed in Matlab/Simulink. A practical use of the comparative analysis results can be applied to power electronic systems of high power wind generators.
Features of the complex power unit for mobile robotic
Authors: Shevchenko V A , Kostjukov V A
Published: October 2019

This article discusses the prospects for the use of power units based on renewable energy sources for additional and emergency power supply of surface robotic systems. This kind of complex power unit can be built on the basis of renewable wind and solar energy and generate at least 10-15% of all the electrical energy required for a vessel. Considered one of the main problems of designing this type of complex power unit - the creation of a promising wind power systems (windmills). The windmill under development should meet a number of necessary criteria regarding reliability, power, noise level, and design constraints of the surface platform itself. The rationale for the design of the windmill is given. Further, the design of the windmill is optimized by the criteria of aerodynamic power, taking into account these limitations. The aerodynamic comparison shows the superiority of the proposed design of a windmill in relation to analogues on all the most important quality criteria. The features of the implementation of the electrical connection scheme of a windmill, solar panels and a diesel generator set into a single complex power unit are considered. For a robotized ship with a given power of the propulsion system, the complex power unit has been developed, which allows generating at least 10% of the power consumption.
On the analysis of compressive failure load of single-lap bolted joint of green composites
Authors: Roy Choudhury M , Debnath K
Published: October 2019

In the present study, bamboo fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites have been fabricated by hot compression molding using film stacking method. The compressive failure load behavior of single lap bolted joint of the developed composites has been experimentally investigated. The influence of the geometric parameters of mechanical bolted joint such as width to diameter ratio (w/d), edge to diameter ratio (e/d) and bolt fastening torque on the compressive failure load has been statistically analyzed. Taguchi’s analysis has been performed to find the optimum level of geometric parameters to obtain higher compressive failure load of the bolted joint. The w/d and bolt fastening torque were found to be significant parameters influencing the compressive failure load of the bolted joint. The compressive failure load of the bolted joint is more at a higher value of w/d and bolt fastening torque.
Reference position estimation for prosthetic elbow and wrist using EMG signals
Authors: Neelum Y S , Kausar Z , Usama S A
Published: October 2019

Progress in Bio robotics is opening several doors to mimic the system and purpose of human limbs, thus allowing better prostheses for amputees. This paper presents EMG based Human Machine Interface framework for estimate of reference positions of prosthetic arm for patients suffering from above elbow amputation. In the present study, a set of information about the four basic motions regarding elbow flexion/extension along with the twist of radius and ulna referred as pronation/supination has been acquired from bicep of human arm. Upon muscle activation, the numerical data set points representing the electromyographic intentions were recorded using the Thalamic Labs product i.e. Myo Armband. To analyze these acquired signals, feature selection followed with feature extraction was done in order to classify the input data extracted from human muscle. Afterwards, the performance of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for motion classification was evaluated. Utilizing the Computer Aided design skills in SolidWorks®, a 2-DOF prosthetic arm model was developed. A mathematical model of its kinematics based on Denavit-Hardenberg convention was presented in Matlab®. Forward kinematics model were analytically verified using Matlab® with that of PeterCorke® Robotic toolbox. In order to check the physical significance of proposed work, the information of forward kinematics from Matlab® linked with that of Solid works and was simulated with reference to the EMG intentions that were captured and classified to generate the reference positions of above mentioned four motions. The classification accuracy obtained from ANN i.e. 91.9% is found significant (p<0.01) for a group of ten healthy subjects.
Influence of pre-stretch ratio on the electrical actuation performance of VHB elastomer
Authors: Song Zhen-Qiang , Ohyama Kazuhiro , Zhu Shijie
Published: October 2019

In this work, the influences of pre-stretch ratio on the electrical actuation performance of dielectric elastomer actuator (VHB 4905) are systematically investigated based on theoretical calculation and experimental tests. As the pre-stretch ratio increases, the maximum actuation strain increases at the initial phase, while decreases as pre-stretch ratio further increases. The peak value of actuation strain is attained when the electromechanical instability is just refrained by the pre-stretch, which is experimentally measured to be 3.25, with the maximum actuation strain of 90%.
Effect of Morphology of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Thiwakornkitkul Naphat , Suteewong Teeraporn
Published: October 2019

Dispersing nanoparticles into the matrix is a simple but effective method to improve properties of coating layer. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), known for its photocatalytic activity (PCA) to degrade organic substances and to protect microbial infection, is considered to be potential candidate. However, intense light is required to achieve high PCA. Scattering layer composing of hollow TiO2 nanoparticles, known as light harvester in solar cell devices, may be suitable for photocatalysis at lower light intensity. In this work, we studied the effect of hollow morphology to the PCA of TiO2 nanoparticles. Hollow TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using hard-template-assisted sol-gel method. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images show hollow TiO2 nanoparticles possessing 125-nm hollow core and 50-nm TiO2 shell. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) results revealed no crystalline peak for both calcined and non-calcined samples, but difference for each sample was reported by Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS). UV-DRS spectrum showed the higher diffuse reflectance for both hollow TiO2 samples than the dense counterpart, suggesting multiple light scattering and high reflection. However, energy bandgaps of amorphous and calcined hollow TiO2 samples are higher than dense counterparts.
An Improvement on Heat Reduction in a Lightweight Composite Roof Material
Authors: Jarasjarungkiat Amphon , Lertrattanaporn Phuridech
Published: October 2019

The objective of this research is to improve heat reduction in a lightweight composite roof material. This research has studied and compared roofing material with opening for ventilation and without opening. A comprehensive model is simulated from computational fluid dynamics simulation of a finite element software. The simulation considered three aspects of heat transfer which are heat conduction, heat convection and radiation. The simulation result showed that the roofing material with opening for ventilation can reduce temperature in the composite roof about 20%
Effect of Throat Size on Performance of Microbubble Generator and Waste Water Treatment
Authors: Vilaida Xayalak , Kythavone Sengratry , Iijima Toshio
Published: October 2019

Microbubble can be widely applied to many fields such as waste water treatment from community, industry and agricultural. This study focus on set up experimental apparatus of microbubble generation to examine the optimum ratio between air to water for generating the best microbubble by using three different sizes of venturi with throat diameters of 3mm, 4mm and 5mm, respectively; and also for apply microbubble to treat community waste water. The venturi with throat diameter of 3mm can generate more microbubble than the other. When applied microbubbles to treat the sampling of the waste water, chemical oxygen demand (COD) of waste water was considered.
Effect of Climate Change on Groundwater Age of Thailand’s Lower Chao Phraya Basin
Authors: Tanachaichoksirikun Pinit , Seeboonruang Uma
Published: October 2019

Water is indispensable for life, including, groundwater that the largest fresh water source. Groundwater sustainability is threatened by many factors, one is climate change which lead to flood and drought. Groundwater age is an indicator that can be applied for vulnerability assessment and sustainable groundwater management. This research focus on the changing of groundwater age under the effect of climate change using the steady-state three-dimensional mathematical simulation including, MODFLOW-2000 and MODPATH. In addition, the climate scenario including, IPSL-CM5A-MR that consist the increasing of carbon dioxide (Representative Concentration Pathways; RCP) between 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 in the period 2017-2036. The results revealed groundwater age was highly distributed between 140 to 177,505 years with the average 18,665 years due to the distribution of groundwater recharge and pumping in the basin. In addition, the average groundwater age with RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 were decreased to 17,217, 15,960, 16,286 years from base case (18,665 years), respectively. Because the quantity of rainfall which contribute the hydraulic head, hydraulic gradient and velocity was changed. In conclusion, the groundwater sustainability in the Lower Chao Phraya basin was consistent during this period because the groundwater age was decreased by rainfall. However, the old groundwater, non-renewable groundwater could be conservative due to the distribution of groundwater age was increased.
Effects of electrode configuration on chemical kinetics of Biodiesel production with electric field
Authors: Phounsavath Souksavath , houngbounyaung Xayphone , Maxsarik Vansay , kiatsirirod Tanongkiat
Published: October 2019

This paper presented chemical kinetics of biodiesel transesterification under electric field. A barrier discharge technique was carried out with 2 and 4 electrodes attached at outside and 1 electrode inside of a glass cylinder contained crude vegetable oil and methanol. The composition of the crude oil and methanol was 1:6 by mol. Crude Tung oil and crude palm oil were raw materials with an amount of 100 ml. The operating periods ware 50 s and 420 s for Palm oil and Tung oil, respectively. About 91 % and 88.5 % of biodiesel were found from the crude oils, respectively. With 3 and 5 electrodes, the chemical kinetics for the reaction rate (r) could be

Plan oil
:

r
=
0.81

C

T
G

e

−
27.106
/
R
T

for three electrode
,

r
=
0.88

C

T
G

e

−
31.081
/
R
T

for five electrodes
,

Tung oil
:

r
=
0.003

C

T
G

e

−
35.024
/
R
T

for three electrode
,

r
=
0.001

C

T
G

e

−
35.828
/
R
T

for five electrodes
.
Phenolic Compound Extraction from Industrial Tomato Waste by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
Authors: Sengkhamparn N , Phonkerd N
Published: October 2019

The tomato fruits have been reported that it contained high nutrient and bioactive compounds. The various Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), including extraction temperature of 30, 50 and 70oC and extraction time of 10, 30 and 50 min, were performed in order to extract phenolic compound from tomato waste from industry. The total phenolic compound, total flavonoid content and also retained carotenoid in obtained extract were determined. Moreover, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of extract were studied. The results showed that the extraction temperature was a main factor which affected the amount of extracted bioactive compound. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the extract was related to the total flavonoid and carotenoid content which can be draw the regression as follows; Y = 55.81 + 0.75X1 + 0.96X2 when radical scavenging activity, total flavonoid and carotenoid content was Y, X1 and X2, respectively. This regression analysis showed high significant (R2 = 0.74). Moreover, the UAE condition of 50oC for 50 min was a best condition which gave the highest antioxidant activity and in accordance with the high amount of total flavonoid and carotenoid content.
The optimization for decreasing ruptured billets when harvesting sugarcane with chopper harvester
Authors: Kosum K , Bun-art S
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of factors that are optimized for the amount of ruptured billets when harvesting sugarcane with the sugarcane harvester.A factorial experimental design was used to study the effect of three factors: sugarcane type, planting and soil type. The experiments showed that the three factors affected the quantity of ruptures billets. Also, the variance analysis was done at a significant level of 0.05, and it was found that the sugarcane type, soil type and the planting technique had an influence on the amount of ruptures billets. And ratoon-sugarcane double-row and sand is the level of suitable factors that can reduce the amount of ruptures billets by 25%.
Aerodynamics performance of glider GL-1 based on computational fluid dynamics in optimum flight conditions
Authors: Amalia E , Moelyadi M A , Julistina R
Published: October 2019

Glider GL-1 is designed as a national glider of Indonesia for aero sport gliding activity and fall into category of 15 meters class by FAI (world’s air sport federation). In preliminary design phase, design requirements are derived from thermal updraft condition of Indonesia which lead to maximum rate of descent of 3 m/s and maximum turning radius of 150 m. GL-1 has wing area of 12 m2 and wing aspect ratio of 17. Wing span of GL-1 is 14.283 m with length of fuselage is 6.795 m. Performance study in preliminary design gives two optimum flight conditions for GL-1 to glide, which is maximum range condition and maximum endurance condition. In maximum range condition, with maximum aerodynamics efficiency between 24 to 30, GL-1 has a velocity of 20 – 25 m/s with density of 1.225 kg/m3. In maximum endurance condition, GL-1 has a velocity of 17 – 20 m/s with the same density and minimum rate of descent between 0.66 – 1.1 m/s. Reynolds number is between 1 – 1.5 million. This paper present CFD simulation result for both optimum flight conditions predicted in preliminary design that carried out at velocity of 25 m/s for maximum range condition and 17.5 m/s for maximum endurance condition. By using full-glider meshing with total element of about 11 million, a maximum aerodynamics efficiency of 21 is obtained for maximum range condition with lift coefficient of 0.91. While minimum rate of descent for maximum endurance condition of 0.87 m/s is obtained.
Development of small propeller test bench system
Authors: Islami Z S , Hartono F
Published: October 2019

A set of performance analysis was performed on Master Airscrew 10X7 Electric propeller. The airfoil geometry was extracted by cutting and scanning a number of blade cross-sections. Experimentally, the test was performed at Institut Teknologi Bandung using 40 cm x 40 cm rectangular test section wind tunnel. The experimental rig was built using 3 load cells designed to measure thrust and torque. For data comparison, theoretical and numerical analysis were also done using Momentum-Blade Element method and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Compared with the previous study, the experimental data shows good agreement with most of the reference data. The theoretical data overestimated the thrust value by around 20% and underestimated the torque value by 30% at max, but the performance curve follows the similar trend with the experimental data. Both the thrust and torque value of the numerical data shows better agreement when fitted to experimental data by around 10%. While it may need more propeller samples analyzed to draw general conclusion, the three methods performed in this research showed analogous results and could be used for a particular stage of research depending on the level of accuracy needed.
Soot Oxidation Studies on SrMn0.98B0.02O3 (B – Fe, Ni) Perovskites
Authors: Uppara Hari Prasad , Feroz Armaan , John Nithin Samuel , Singh Sunit Kumar , Labhsetwar Nitin K , Dasari Harshini
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the performance of SrMn0.98B0.02O3 (B = Fe, Ni) perovskites was evaluated for catalytic soot oxidation applications. All the samples exhibited a nano-crystalline hexagonal structure (XRD analysis) with the crystal sizes ranges 30 to 46 nm. XPS analysis reveals the presence of multiple valence states of Ni cations (Ni2+/Ni3+) and Mn cations (Mn4+/Mn3+) cations with the divalent strontium and trivalent iron cation on the surface of the perovskites. O2-TPD analysis infers that the sample SrMn0.98Ni0.02O3 showed the highest quantity of surface adsorbed oxygen molecules (78.87 μmol.g−1) followed by SrMnO3 sample (72.16 μmol.g−1). Furthermore, the soot-TPR analysis confirms that the sample SrMn0.98Ni0.02O3 shown the higher catalytic activity than SrMn0.98Fe0.02O3due to synergetic effect between Mn – Ni cations, the higher reducibility tendency of the metal ions and the higher quantity of active oxygen species initiated the structural defects in the catalysts. The superior catalytic activity of soot oxidation of the as-synthesized samples was observed in the order of SrMn0.98Ni0.02O3> SrMn0.98Fe0.02O3>SrMnO3>bare soot.
The Structure and Properties of Sn/SiSn-nanodisperse Alloy Thin Films
Authors: Jiang Xiangdong , Li Mingcheng , Ming Yangzhou , Wang Jimin , Li Wei
Published: October 2019

Near-infrared brain imaging technology has great advantages in brain imaging and inspection of brain disorders compared to traditional brain imaging technology. Silicon-tin (SiSn) alloys are expected to be the material for infrared brain imaging detectors. The structure and properties of the SiSn alloy thin films with relatively low Sn concentration, which are the key for it to be used in near-infrared brain imaging technology, have not been reported yet. Here, we report the deposition time, growth temperature, microstructure, resistivity, and transmittance of amorphous silicon-tin (a-Si1-xSnx) alloy thin films prepared by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Reasonable deposition time and growth temperature for the preparation of the films are given in this paper. Sn nanocrystals are observed in the a-Si1-xSnx alloy thin films. The variations in resistivity and transmittance indicate that it has excellent electrical and optical properties so that it can be used as a near-infrared brain imaging detector material.
Investigation of Structure and Tensile Properties of Betel Palm Sheath
Authors: Choonamchai C , Panwised D , Mitsomwang P , Borrisutthekul R
Published: October 2019

Betel palm sheath is a kind of natural material which is increasingly used as a raw material for producing food packaging. To form packaging such as food plates, a raw palm sheath is drawn using drawing dies. Then, the excess edge of the drawn part is cut off with trimming dies. Due to the lack of understanding of the palm sheath structure and its mechanical properties, a lot of defective parts still occur during the production. In this work, the authors aim to investigate the internal structure of the palm sheath. The raw palm sheath was sectioned and subjected to a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the mechanical properties of the palm sheath were examined by the uni-axial tensile test. Based on the experimental results, the internal structure of the palm sheath was clearly revealed. The tensile properties of the palm sheath were highly anisotropic, namely the maximum load resistance and the elongation at break remarkably varied with the loading direction. Moreover, the deformation of the palm sheath appeared to consist of the elastic and the permanent deformation.
Optimization of the STEP-NC compliant online toolpath generation for T-spline surfaces using convolutional neural network and random forest classifier
Authors: Zavalnyi O , Zhao G , Liu Y , Xiao W
Published: October 2019

Deep implementation of principals of the intelligent STEP-NC compliant manufacturing implies enabling a CNC system with integrated CAM functionality to perform all tasks autonomously. This means that most of the responsibilities of a CAM engineer need to be delegated to the CNC system. When it comes to manufacturing of freeform surfaces, the implementation of this approach becomes very challenging. One of the most important issues is the autonomous online toolpath generation. Making a choice of optimal machining strategies and other manufacturing parameters, that might be a trivial task for an expert, turns out to be not an easy problem for a machine, and often can be hardly solved using the traditional approach of explicit programming. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to optimize toolpath generation for T-spline surfaces, in particular, the process of choosing an optimal machining strategy for a given surface region using Machine Learning. The selection model has been trained to make a choice of the appropriate freeform machining strategy (two different strategies have been considered) based on the shape of an input surface.
Relationship between air pollution and outpatient visits for nonspecific conjunctivitis in Taiwan: an application of Bayesian regression model
Authors: Lai Yi Horng
Published: October 2019

As a direct exposed part of the human body, the eyes are susceptible to external stimuli of air pollution. The adverse effects of air pollution on the human eye are mainly stimulation and inflammation, and conjunctivitis is a major problem. This study investigated the effects of air pollution on non-specific conjunctivitis based on data from a Taiwanese outpatient clinic. The study focused on the importance of air pollution to eye health. Data for ophthalmology outpatient visits were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Ambient air monitoring data were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration air pollution monitoring stations. The study included five regulated air pollutants. This study used Bayesian linear regression to investigate the association between daily air pollutant concentrations and the number of outpatient visits for nonspecific conjunctivitis. The results of this study indicate that air pollutants SO2, CO and PM10 are significantly associated with non-specific conjunctivitis. Air pollutants, SO2, CO and PM10 can increase the chances of outpatient visits, suggesting that this may be the cause of non-specific conjunctivitis.