bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Images of 19th century Sweden and Norway in the works Gösta Berling’s Saga by Selma Lagerlöf and Children of the Age by Knut Hamsun
Authors: Leon Crina
Published: January 2022

The present paper tries to depict how Sweden and Norway were represented in the novels Gösta Berling’s Saga (1891) and Children of the Age (1913) written by the two Scandinavian Nobel Prize laureates, Selma Lagerlöf and Knut Hamsun, respectively. We will especially focus on the regions Värmland (in west central Sweden) and Nordland (in northern Norway). These two counties represent in fact the areas where Lagerlöf and Hamsun grew up and which they knew very well. Lagerlöf’s story renders an area of mansion houses and ironworks from 1820, while Hamsun’s novel dealing with the Segelfoss estate at a moment around 1870 depicts a society in change from old practices to modern times. Despite some supernatural elements in Gösta Berling’s Saga, the two novels contribute to a geographical, social and economic identification with the regions under consideration. We thus find ourselves in front of two concentrated areas which resemble the real ones although the writing style of the authors is quite different, namely a neo-romantic way of writing with Lagerlöf versus Norwegian new realism with Hamsun.
Editorial Foreword
Authors: Miloiu Silviu-Marian
Published: January 2022

Volume 8, issue no. 1 (2016) of Revista Română de Studii Baltice şi Nordice/ The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies (RRSBN) gathers articles dealing with history, literary history and literary studies. The first group of articles engaged with topics related to Nordic and Baltic history from the early Middle Ages to the Modern Age. Such is the article which opens the journal signed by Costel Coroban. His thesis is that Konungs skuggsjá (King’s Mirror or Speculum Regale), the piece of work elaborated in 1250 under King Hákon Hákonarson (1217-1263) for his son, future King Magnús lagabœtir (1263-1280), emphasizes piety as one of the essential features of a good Christian. Cases of arrogance and individualism have to be chastened and that was one of the essential attributes and duties of a sovereign. Roxana-Ema Dreve tackles the national identity building in Norway following the separation from Denmark and the creation of a union with Sweden. The article addresses the 1830s’ developments especially with regard to the puzzling debate on the spoken and written national languages and the polemics of Henrik Wergeland and Johan Sebastian Welhaven. Henrik Ibsen continues to inspire inquiries in fields such as literature, social sciences, culture, philosophy as he did when he lived. Gianina Druță studies Ibsen’s masterpiece Hedda Gabler inspired by Gilles Deleuze’s concepts such as deterritorialisation, antigenealogy, rhizome or alliance. Dalia Bukelevičiūtė opens new perspectives in the field of social and welfare of Lithuanian population in Latvia during the interwar period and points out to the unbalanced situation between the two neighboring states of Latvia and Lithuania. While the number of Latvians in Lithuania who needed social protection was meagre, the number of Lithuanians in Latvia was considerable. This posed difficulties to the Lithuanian Government confronted, on one hand, with the needs of Lithuanians, the higher expenses of social services in Latvia and the desire to keep up the Lithuanian identity of the population across the border. This resulted into a wavering policy of the Lithuanian Governments which, however, always returned to the Convention on social assistance concluded with the Latvian counterparts in 1924.
This issue of our journal continues to tackle the perceptions of Nordic peoples on Romania, in this case Mihaela Mehedinţi-Beiean depicting the Nordic and Russian travellers’ recollections of corruption and political instability imbedded into the Phanariot system of the 18th century Romania.
Finally, this issue brings to the fore a Norwegian personality with a significant role in the Romanian-Norwegian relations, author of chapters, articles and books dealing with this topic: Jardar Seim. Crina Leon successfully sails through the memories of Professor Seim’s first encounters of Romania and the developments of this interest into a research topic.
Political instability and corruption. The Phanariot regime as seen by Russian and Nordic travellers
Authors: Mehedinţi-Beiean Mihaela
Published: January 2022

The history of the Romanian Principalities was particularly tumultuous during the modern period, given that they were situated in a geographical area of great interest for three large empires: the Ottoman Empire, the Austrian Monarchy and Russia. As a result, the political regime established in Moldavia and Wallachia in the 18th century and which lasted until 1821 bore all the hallmarks of Orientalism as expressed by rulers, namely the most profound corruption at all administrative levels, an utter lack of interest regarding the people’s welfare and the unremorseful pursuit of their own interests.
The Nordic and Russian travellers were acutely aware of all these problems and considered that the Ottomans were the only ones to blame for this deplorable state of affairs. Unfortunately, with time, some of the shortcomings associated with the Phanariot regime became unmistakable traits of Romanian political behaviour which persisted well into the 20th century. Nevertheless, some of the travellers also remarked the adoption of a number of reforms with highly beneficial effects for the Principalities between 1711/1716 and 1821 and, at least apparently, the period when General Pavel Kiseleff was governor of Moldavia and Wallachia was an especially prolific one in terms of reversing some of the damage caused by the Phanariots.
However, one of the limitations of using travel literature as a source is that it needs to be treated with extreme care when it comes to establishing the boundaries between truth and fiction, as well as between innocent observations and decidedly dishonest interpretations. The aim of the present study is thus to present all of the above-mentioned political evolutions as they were seen by foreign travellers, whilst also questioning and unravelling the latter’s motives for depicting a certain image of the Romanian Principalities’ political elite.
Az Egységes Digitális Rádió-távközlő Rendszer (EDR) továbbfejlesztési lehetőségei
Authors: Kardos Tamás Zsolt
Published: January 2022

Kutatásom célja bemutatni az EDR rendszer (Egységes Digitális Rádió-távközlő Rendszer) továbbfejlesztési lehetőségeit a technológia és az elvárások tükrében. Irodalomkutatásommal az elmúlt évek hazai történéseit foglaltam össze, ezzel párhuzamosan bemutatva az 5. generációs mobilszolgáltatást és a meglévő EDR technológiát. Kutatásom alapján megállapítom, hogy az 5. generációs technológia képes kiszolgálni a készenléti szolgálatok által elvárt jövőálló mobilkommunikációs igényeket. Mivel több fázisban valósul meg ez az új technológia, adott a lehetőség, hogy az 5. generációs mobilszolgáltatás tervezése során szabványosításra kerüljön a készenléti mobilszolgáltatások által elvárt szintű szolgáltatás biztonság és megbízhatóság.
Lopni „is” tudni kell
Authors: Papp Orsolya , Dr. Nagy Ákos Sándor
Published: January 2022

A rendőr-tiszthelyettes szakképzésben a tanulók az első tanév végén szintvizsgát tesznek. A pandémia miatt a vizsgára történő felkészítés nagy része az online térbe került. A felkészülés jegyében több tantárgyat felölelő (jogi tanulási terület, közrendvédelmi ismeretek, rendőri intézkedések, rendvédelmi informatika) komplex feladatsorokat készítettünk, egy ilyet mutat be a pályamű. A feladatsor összeállítása során az adott szituációban a feladatok sorrendje a valós élet feltételezett történéseit követi. A feladatsorhoz tartozik egy segédanyag gyűjtemény is, ami a digitális technológia eszközeivel vezeti végig a tanulót a tananyag elsajátításán. A feladatsor alkalmas a felkészültségi szint megállapítására, illetve azt is megmutatja, hogy a feladat által érintettek közül, melyik tanulási területen maradtak még hiányosságok. Az értékelő táblázat használata segíti a tanulót saját teljesítményének mérésében, hiányosságainak felismerésében.
Leadership Style and Occupational, Safety and Health of Police Officers in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors:   Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya, Kelwon Solomon Chepsongol
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine how leadership style affects the occupational, safety and health of Police Officers in Nairobi City County, Kenya. In this study, data was collected from Police Officers which were the main study population. The study chose Nairobi City County where all the police stations were covered. The target population was 4,000 Police Officers which included commanding officers to have a sample size of 200. They were sampled through simple random sampling. First a 10 percent of all 33 police stations in Nairobi and the Police Officers there in were initially used for a pilot study. In the police stations which had remained, a sample of 5 percent of Police Officers and a commanding officer in each station were studied. Data from the respondents were collected by the use of questionnaires. The study was carried out on Police Officers who were on duty but after permission had been sought from relevant authorities. It was based on a simple random sampling research method where each officer had a chance of being chosen. Every officer commanding a police station was chosen. Each respondent was explained the importance of the study, that it was done freely with their willingness, at a convenient location, the questionnaires were to be collected and kept with confidence. Each respondent was requested to confirm in writing, affirmative action or signing a document without indicating a name that the study was done with their approval. Through these modes of data collection, every population was well represented as a sample. The study used Cronbach Alpha Coefficient to test on reliability of instruments. The validity of research instruments was also tested. The computer software SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the collected data. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used in data analysis. Data was then presented in the form of figures, tables and charts. Through factor analysis, all the eight statements of the variable under study were retained for they were above 0.5. The response rate of the responds was 75.5% which is acceptable. It was found out that 36.4% of the Police Officers had worked in the National Police Service for 6 to 10 years and majority of them, 82.1% were married. The four leadership styles found to be affecting the occupational, safety and health of Police Officers in Nairobi City County, Kenya were; transformational, autocratic, democratic and charismatic leadership styles. It was found out that 84.5% of the leaders of Police Officers were visionary, 60.2% valued the constitution and see it as a protector and supporter of their occupational safety and health. In fact, 85.5% and 61.6% see Kenya Human Rights and OSHA respectively as valuable Acts. Key Words: Leadership style, Occupational Safety, Health of Police officers, Nairobi County
A VALIDATED HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR LOSARTAN POTASSIUM AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN COMBINATION
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pataldhamal Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Moha Phata, Dhamangaon road, Yavatmal - 445001, Maharashtra, India, Gawande V. V , Chandewar A. V.
Published: January 2022

A high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been reported for estimation of losartan potassium with hydrochlorothiazide in combination. The analytes were resolved on precoated silica gel 60 F254 TLC plates prewashed with methanol using solvent system composition of chloroform: Methanol : Ethyl acetate (4:2:2 v/v/v) with 15 min time of saturation. The analytes were tracked down at 255 nm. The components were resolved with retention factor of losartan potassium (0.59 ± 1.98) and hydrochlorothiazide (0.83 ± 1.95). The method assured linearity in the concentration range of 600-1000 ng/spot for losartan potassium and 300-500 ng/spot for hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. Accuracy of method was assessed and found upto 100 % ± <2. The method assured high degree of precision. The robustness was confirmed by deliberately varying the parameters like composition of mobile phase, mobile phase volume, detection wavelength, chamber saturation time.
TOPICAL VITAMIN A DELIVERY: CHALLENGES, OVERVIEW OF NOVEL APPROACHES
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West) Mumbai - 400 056, Maharashtra, India, Manasiya M. , Sawarkar S. , Bajaj A.
Published: January 2022

Vitamin A, commonly referred to as retinol, a fat soluble vitamin is an important nutrient involved in multiple functions within the human body which includes its role in the vision cycle, expression of genes,immunity, reproduction, epithelial cell growth and more. In the past years, dermal applications of Vitamin A have been extensively studied. Retinol has been found to be beneficial in various skin diseases such as aging, psoriasis, roughness, wrinkles and skin cancer. Retinol and its derivative retinoic acid are being studied for their therapeutic role in dermal conditions. Conventional topical delivery of retinol has certain drawbacks, like low bioavailability, poor photostability, erratic release pattern and skin irritation on application. Most of these topical formulations are available in gel and ointment form which results in stickiness and greasiness. Various novel approaches are being researched which include nanotechnology based vesicular systems, emulsions and nanospheres to provide effective topical delivery of retinol. This review discusses biopharmaceutical aspects of Vitamin A and challenges in formulating stable and bioavailable topical delivery of Vitamin A. The review mentions about novel approaches attempted to combat these challenges.
ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF ETHANOLIC STEM AND ROOT EXTRACTS OF ARISTOLOCHIA RINGENS AND SECURIDACA LONGEPEDUNCULATA IN WISTAR RATS
Authors:   Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, P.M.B 1029 UNILAG Post Office, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria., Bankole A. E. , Adekunle A. A. , Lawal A.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of the stem and root of Aristolochia ringens and Securidaca longepedunculata, respectively, in Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 5 per group and oral administration of extract at doses of 100, 250, 500 mg/kg were given daily for 28 days. Control group was given distilled water and animals were weighed at 7 day intervals. Animals were kept under close observation for 24 h and 28 days for acute and sub acute toxicity study, respectively. Body and relative organ weight, biochemical and haemotological analysis and phytochemical screening were carried out. The extract did not exhibit significant change in the percentage body weight when compared to the control group. The stem extract of A. rigens did not show any significant difference in the weight of the organs, weight while the root extract of S. longepedunculata exhibited a significant dose-dependent decrease in the weight of the liver and heart in all the treated groups (p<0.05). Extract showed significant increase in red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB) and haemotocrit (HCT) levels in A. ringens, while it decreased in S. longepedunculata extract in the study. There was no significant alteration in the haematological parameters (WBC, MCHC, MCV and MCH) of the treated rats when compared to the control rats. All blood serum biochemical parameters were not significantly (p<0.05) different as compared with the control group, except for a significant (p<0.05) non-dose-dependent increase of TP, HDL-c and LDL-c of A. ringens extract. The result indicate non toxicity of ethanolic stem and root extracts of A. ringens and S. longepedunculata, respectively, were found to be safe when orally administered.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL QSAR MODELING BENZIMIDAZOLE ANALOGUES USING THE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR METHOD
Authors: Sharma M. C , Kohli D. V. ,   10.53879/id.56.12.11234
Published: January 2022

We undertook the three-dimensional (3D) QSAR studies of a series of benzimidazole analogues to elucidate the structural properties required for angiotensin II. The 3D-QSAR studies were performed using the stepwise, simulated annealing (SA) and genetic algorithm (GA) selection k-nearest neighbor molecular field analysis approach; a leave-one-out cross-validated correlation coefficient q2 = 0.8216 and a pred_r2 = 0.7852 were obtained. The 3D QSAR model is expected to provide a good alternative to predict the biological activity prior to synthesis as antihypertensive agents.
A REVIEW ON ETHNO-MEDICINAL USES, PHYTO-CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF APIUM GRAVEOLENS LINN.
Authors: Waseem M , Rauf A. , Rehman S. ,   Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
Published: January 2022

Apium graveolens Linn., popularly known as Karafs or Celery, belongs to family Apiaceae. It has been used in traditional system of medicine for a long time, for the treatment of the various ailments like bronchitis, asthma, liver and spleen diseases, gout, anuria, amenorrhoea, renal and vesicular calculi, renal colic, strangury and many more. A. graveolens Linn. contains a variety of chemical constituents which are medicinally important, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids. Whole plant contains medicinal value but seeds and roots are more commonly used therapeutically and are considered one of the best diuretic and lithotriptic drug according to Unani literatue. The present review is therefore, an effort to give a detailed study in pharmacognostical, phytochemicals and pharmacological properties.
DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF 6-SUBSTITUTED-4-HYDROXY-1-(2- SUBSTITUTEDACETYL)-3-NITROQUINOLIN-2(1H)-ONES FOR ANTICANCER ACTIVITY
Authors: Bhat S. S , MamleDesai S. N. , Narvekar V. , Shingade S. G , Dighe P. K. , Biradar B. S. ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, b Department of Pharmaceutics, c Department of Pharmacology, PES’s Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy, Ponda - 403 401, Goa, India
Published: January 2022

The present work deals with the synthesis of a series of 6-substituted-4-hydroxy-1-(2-substitued alicyclicaminoacetyl)-3-nitroquinolin-2(1H)-one {IVa-d (1-3)} derivatives and evaluation of their in vitro anticancer activity. Docking study was carried out using EGFR-tyrosine kinase binding site (PDB ID: 1m17) and revealed encouraging results. The sequence of reactions consists of the initial synthesis of 6-substituted 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones (Ia-d), which were further subjected to nitration reaction to give 6- substituted-4-hydroxy-3-nitroquinolin-2(1H)-one (IIa-d). Condensation of compounds (IIa-d) with chloroacetyl chloride resulted in 6-substituted-1-(2-chloroacetyl)-4-hydroxy-3-nitroquinolin-2(1H)-one(IIIa-d), which was subjected to substitution reaction using various secondary amines to yield the title compounds {IVa-d (1-3)}. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR and mass spectral data.All the derivatives were tested for their in vitro anticancer activity using KB (oral cancer) cell lines. Among the synthesized compounds, compound (IVc-2) was found to be the most cytotoxic as compared to the other synthesized derivatives, with IC50 values of 0.2406μM/mL against KB cell line.
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CUCUMIS DIPSACEUS EHRENB. (FRUIT) IN STREPTOZOTOCIN- INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Srivastav D. , Lata Suman ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab - 140 111, India
Published: January 2022

The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic properties of Cucumis dipsaceus fruit which is widely used in the Indian traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes.Aim of present study, to investigate the antidiabetic action of the methanolic extract of C. dipsaceus fruits in Streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats. The antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of fruit C. dipsaceus was evaluated by using normal and streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats. The acute effect of methanolic extract was evaluated by administering 500 mg/kg p.o. to normoglycemic rats. In the chronic model, the methanolic extract was administered to normal and STZ-induced-diabetic rats at dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg p.o. per day for 21 days. Blood glucose levels and body weights were observed at specific intervals and different biochemical parameters were also monitored. Methanolic extract (500mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level in STZ- induced diabetic rats. The statistical data indicated a significant increase in the body weight and serum insulin level and decrease in the glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Total cholesterol level decreased while an increase in HDL and LDL cholesterol level was observed when treated with the extract. Thus the methanolic fruit extract of C. dipsaceus exhibited significant anti-hyperglycemic activities and beneficial effects in reducing the elevated total cholesterol level of STZ-induced-diabetic rats.
Revisitar a gaia scienza de Mario Mieli
Authors: Cascais António Fernando
Published: January 2022

Practically unknown in Portugal, the work of Mario Mieli (1952-1983) is one with his politically engaged life and is on the process of being rediscovered, in a time when the younger queer generations are putting forward projects that are akin of his gaia scienza, and namely in what concerns his particular notion of trans-sexuality, unaware of the latter, as well as of the questions it raised already at its inception. The present text introduces it in its nine points, traces its dissemination in queer studies, concerning both its insights and its limitations, and its critical reception down to the present day.
Três mulheres com máscara de ferro, de Agustina Bessa-Luís: feminismo e subversão
Authors: Lentina Alda Maria
Published: January 2022

Propomo-nos analisar, à luz das teorias de Género e «Queer», um texto inédito de Agustina Bessa-Luís, intitulado Três mulheres com máscara de ferro. A particularidade deste curto texto, sem indicação de género, reside no facto de a autora retomar três personagens femininas emblemáticas da sua obra, Quina, Ema e Fanny, transformadas em estátuas das três Graças da Antiguidade, e que, ao retirarem as máscaras e retomarem vida, instauram um diálogo a três. O nosso propósito será mostrar em que medida este texto marca a manifestação clara, por parte da autora, de um «feminismo subversivo» — problematizando os papéis de género para desenhar um continuum feminista — ultrapassando nisso o que Isabel Pires de Lima considera ser «cristalizações do feminino».
As traduções d´Os Lusíadas na Polónia ou a revisitação de Camões entre «os Sármatas» e «os Polónios» (questões históricas, culturais e sócio-políticas)
Authors: Kalewska Anna
Published: January 2022

The epic poem Os Lusíadas (1572), by Luís Vaz de Camões, generated copies, imitations and translations, in between them the first Polish translation: Luzyada by Jacek Idzi Przybylski (Craccow, 1790). The poem has the power of to raise cultural, social and political questions, becoming the starting point for various theses in different epochs. The work of Camões is a pretext for a meditation about Poland’s past in the epoch of Romanticism and today. Camões invites us for an imaginary journey to the Christian rampart of the East, telling not only what had happened in the epoch of the Discoveries, but also what might have happened in the Easter Europe cultural space open for an imaginary journey coursing various methodological perspectives: history, literature, literary criticism, history of ideas and traductology.
As memórias póstumas de Guimarães Rosa: sobre a presença da obra rosiana na Polónia
Authors: Borowski Gabriel Mateusz
Published: January 2022

This paper is the first study of the presence of the works by the Brazilian author João Guimarães Rosa (1908-1967) in Poland. It aims to identify and analyze references to the works by Rosa in the Polish press and critical reviews published in Poland between 1967 and 1977.
Recepção do neorrealismo literário português no ambiente checo da Checoslováquia através das traduções
Authors: Válova Karolina
Published: January 2022

The article tries to map Czech-Portuguese relations and the reception of Portuguese neorealist literature in the Czech environment from the 1950s until nowadays through the analysis of literary dictionaries, texts for higher education and especially the epilogues of books translated from this artistic current.
Global Middle Ages ou as virtudes do anacronismo. A lição do texto medieval
Authors: Carreto Carlos
Published: January 2022

Has the Middle Ages invented globalization or revealed a clear consciousness of globality? On the other hand, may this anachronistic notion prove to be an appropriate and productive operative and analytical concept for rethinking medieval literature beyond its territorial and linguistic boundaries and the epistemological view of the world imposed by a (neo)positivist conception of the history of literature? Mapping the medieval literature in a global perspective implies a methodological repositioning and a process of deterritorialization of the concepts themselves that leads us to reinvest motives, forms, structuring notions (from the chivalric queste to the concept of romance as translatio, passing through the status of the marvelous) with new meanings and, consequently, new cultural and poetic implications.
La retórica en internet: análisis de la persuación en los entornos virtuales
Authors: Brijaldo Rodríguez Monica Ilanda , Rojas Otálora Jorge Enrique
Published: January 2022

Interest in the rhetorical aspects of the Internet is still not significant in academia. The present study intends to show how the Internet is, in fact, a cultural artefact and a medium in which a pertinent rhetorical discourse can be elaborated. Therefore, we seek to analyse and present what would be the elements or aspects that every web space should implement and how the (multimedia) discourse manages to persuade visitors of the importance of their content and manages to maintain them as permanent users.
Revisión Retrospectiva de Biopsias de Próstata Realizadas en el Hospital La California, San José, Costa Rica de Enero 2018 a Diciembre 2019.
Authors: González Mario
Published: January 2022

Objetivos: Valorar la indicación de las biopsias transrectales de próstata (BxTr) y correlacionar la misma con un eventual resultado positivo por cáncer de próstata (Cap). Diferenciar si la indicación de tacto rectal (TR) alterado vs antígeno prostático (APE) alterado tienen mayor valor predictivo positivo. Determinar si el protocolo de biopsias de próstata de nuestro centro es seguro  para los pacientes.

Metodología y materiales: Revisión retrospectiva de expedientes médicos de pacientes sometidos a BxTr de próstata del Hospital La California desde enero 2018 a diciembre 2019.  Las muestras fueron tomadas en su totalidad por el Dr. Mario González (especialista en urología). Del total de 200 biopsias, se incluyeron los casos que tuvieran todos los datos completos en el expediente tales como APE y  tacto rectal para un total de 168 pacientes incluidos en la revisión. Las indicaciones de biopsia para efectos de esta revisión fueron APE alterado por encima de 2.5 ng/ml y tacto rectal alterado definido como cualquier endurecimiento sospechoso de neoplasia prostática. Se documentaron como complicaciones el sangrado que requiriese internamiento no mayor a 12 horas posterior a la biopsia y fiebre mayor de 38.5ºC dentro de las 24 horas posteriores al procedimiento.

Resultados y conclusiones : Entre enero 2018 y diciembre de 2019 se realizaron 200 biopsias de próstata. Se incluyeron en el estudio los datos de 168 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. La media de edad de los pacientes fue 62.5 años (mediana 62). El tamaño promedio de las glándulas prostáticas fue de 53.9 gramos. Del total de pacientes (n=168), 41 presentaron alteración en el tacto rectal (24.4%). Por otro lado el APE se encontraba alterado (=> 2.5 ng/ml) en 162 de los casos (96.4%). El porcentaje de pacientes con TR y APE alterado fue de 22% (37/168).

En cuanto a la correlación clínica con el resultado histo patológico de adenocarcinoma,  el 35.1% de los casos tuvieron resultado de adenocarcinoma de próstata (59/168). Por otro lado los casos con TR alterado con biopsia positiva fue de 18.4% (31/168) casos. Al combinar TR alterado con APE alterado de 29/168 casos (17.2%) fueron positivos. No hubo ingresos hospitalarios (0/168) y solo 4/168 presentaron una prostatitis post biopsia (0.02%),ninguno de ellos requirió hospitalización, se manejaron con antibióticos intra musculares.
Humo Quirúrgico y Covid-19. ¿Cómo Podemos Aplanar la Curva?
Authors: Young R. Marcos , Bodden Elías , Granda Elsa
Published: January 2022

Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV 2 ha tenido efectos en todo el mundo. Más de tres millones de casos y de 75,000 fallecimientos, han sido ocasionados por este virus con una alta tasa de transmisibilidad aérea, ausencia de vacuna y de un tratamiento específico. Una vez superada la fase aguda, se hace menester la atención de la morbilidad común, por lo que distintas estrategias deben ser usadas, para que el reinicio de la cirugía electiva sea de forma segura para el personal de salud. Revisaremos la literatura sobre el humo quirúrgico y el COVID-19, su transmisibilidad y las estrategias necesarias para reiniciar las cirugías electivas, sobre todo en urología.

Metodología: Se utilizan las bases de datos PUBMED, COCHRANE LIBRARY Y SCIELO, con los términos humo quirúrgico, humo, SARS‐CoV‐2, COVID-19, COVID, Coronavirus y aerosol.

Discusión: Se revisan el humo quirúrgico, sus características, los riesgos asociados, la generación y evacuación del humo y las distintas estrategias de mitigación sanitaria.

Conclusión: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha tenido impacto mundial. Centroamérica no ha escapado de los efectos de este coronavirus. El humo quirúrgico como medio de transmisión del virus COVID-19 no ha sido demostrado a la fecha. El desarrollo de estrategias de mitigación y reinicio de las actividades quirúrgicas en nuestra región depende de la disponibilidad de recursos económicos y de la resiliencia de los sistemas sanitarios.
Teratoma Prepuberal Testicular en Paciente Pediátrico: reporte de caso.
Authors: Le Masson T. Pablo , Salazar M. Carlos , Rámila F. Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Presentar el caso clínico de un teratoma prepuberal en paciente de 6 años 8 meses de edad.

Antecedentes: Los tumores testiculares es una patología en la urología pediátrica de rara frecuencia y la aparición en el estudio histopatológico de teratoma prepuberal lo hace aún mas inusual por lo tanto su documentación y presentación se hace relevante.

Materiales y Metodos: Presentamos un caso de teratoma prepuberal testicular en un paciente de 6 años 8 meses, como hallazgo inusual anatomopatológico luego de realizar orquidectomia radical.

Resultados: La cirugía y el estudio histopatológico confirman el diagnóstico.

Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de esta patología se realiza por ecografía testicular y marcadores séricos, una vez realizado el mismo de manera pronta realizar orquiectomía radical y su tasa de curación y pronóstico es bueno debió a su estirpe histológica.
Detección Inicial de Cáncer de Próstata en Varios Centros de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.
Authors: Soriano Morillo David Enrique , Pichardo García Merycarla , Martínez Loribel , Fernandez Marlin , González Santana Cristian Alberto
Published: January 2022

OBJETIVO: Determinar el estadio de presentación inicial del cáncer de próstata en pacientes que acuden a la consulta de urología.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizó retrospectivamente los expedientes electrónicos de un total de 2770 pacientes masculinos de 40 a 95 años consultados por primera vez en el servicio de urología desde el año 2016 hasta agosto 2020. 130 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión: edad entre 40 a 95 años, antígeno prostático específico (PSA) por encima de 4 ng/dl., diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata por biopsia o Inmunohistoquimica, estudios de extensión tipo gammagrama óseo y tomografía abdominal y pélvica contrastada. Se excluyó todos los pacientes de seguimiento de cáncer de próstata.

RESULTADOS: El rango de edad más frecuente en que se presentó la detección inicial del cáncer de próstata fue de 71 a 80 años para un 67.6%, seguida de 61 a 70 años (42%). 58.5% de los pacientes tenían PSA entre  4 a 10 ng/dl, para un 58.5%. El Gleason mas predominante fue el Gleason 6 (3 + 3), 53.3%. En 41.6% de los casos fue de bajo riesgo. 41(31.5%) de los 130 pacientes con cáncer de próstata diagnosticado con estudio histopatológico fueron positivos para metástasis óseas mediante gammagrama óseo. 25 pacientes presentaron metástasis viscerales en la tomografía abdominal.

CONCLUSIÓN: Estos resultados aportan informaciones que contribuyen a enriquecer el deficiente registro de tumores urológicos en nuestra región.
Atención selectiva, edad y frecuencia de lectura como predictores del rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios de Física y Meteorología
Authors: Pawlowski Josiane , Torres David , Campos Mario
Published: January 2022

La atención es una parte esencial del proceso de aprendizaje. Los estudiantes más jóvenes y con mejores habilidades de atención selectiva suelen presentar calificaciones más altas. También el hábito de lectura puede favorecer los resultados académicos. El objetivo de la investigación fue verificar si los resultados en la prueba de atención d2, la edad y los hábitos de lectura y escritura pueden predecir el rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios. Fue realizado un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, de alcance correlacional y explicativo, en que 196 estudiantes universitarios, 103 mujeres y 93 hombres, de 18 a 35 años, 99 que cursaban la carrera de Psicología y 97 de la carrera de Física o Meteorología contestaron el Test de Atención d2 y una escala breve de frecuencia de lectura y escritura. Las calificaciones fueron obtenidas al final del semestre o cuatrimestre de estudio. Los resultados en la prueba de atención d2 pueden predecir las calificaciones de estudiantes de la carrera de Física y Meteorología, pero no las de estudiantes de Psicología. La frecuencia de lectura de libros y la edad también están relacionados con el rendimiento de estos estudiantes. Se discute respecto a la viabilidad de utilizar un puntaje específico de la prueba d2 para predecir el desempeño de los estudiantes de Ciencias Básicas.
Systemic Mastocytosis Presenting as Pathologic Intertrochanteric Femur Fracture
Authors: Shah Aadit , Bhan Rohit , Pey Eduard Praiss , Riordan Haley , Khan Fazel
Published: January 2022

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is pathologically characterized by the proliferation of mast cells with infiltrates in various organs, almost always including bone marrow, leading to defects in bone remodeling. Osteoporosis and subsequent fragility fractures are the most common and clinically relevant presentation, although pathologic fracture through the focal lytic lesions can also be observed. Here, we report the case of a 54-year-old woman, with a recent history of unexplained severe allergic reactions, presenting with intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur which on careful history, physical and radiological evaluation was determined to be pathological. The patient was found to have lytic lesions on the CT scan at the fracture site and the pelvis, bilateral femurs, ribs, and sternum, raising suspicion for malignancy. The malignancy workup failed to reveal a primary neoplasm, and the patient was indicated for intramedullary fixation of the left femur along with intraoperative biopsy. Pathologic evaluation of the femoral biopsy was positive for aggregates of mast cells with CD117 (c-KIT, D816V). This finding prompted a bone marrow biopsy, which ultimately led to the diagnosis of aggressive SM. Femoral intramedullary fixation was done with a trochanteric femoral nail, and the patient was postoperatively started on calcium, vitamin D, and physical therapy. Systemic disease was managed by the hematology-oncology team, and the patient was given an epinephrine autoinjector (EpiPen) and managed with midostaurin (Rydapt, Novartis Pharmaceuticals). Treating surgeons should be aware that a pathological long bone fracture can be the initial presentation of SM. Furthermore, surgeons should consider following patients with SM for longer than usual considering a higher risk of complications, such as implant loosening, nonunion, and refracture due to poor and progressively worsening quality of the bone. Our patient was followed with routine visits for 30 months and showed no clinical or radiographical signs of any complications.
Un indicateur évaluant la diversité globale des rotations : de la diversité des cultures aux services écosystémiques
Authors: Keichinger Olivier , Viguier Loïc , Corre-Hellou Guénaëlle , Messéan Antoine , Angevin Frédérique , Bockstaller Christian
Published: January 2022

La diversification (allongement des rotations, introduction de cultures intermédiaires, cultures relais, associations…) est un des leviers majeurs pour une transition agroécologique des systèmes de culture. Cependant, toute diversification n’est pas bonne en soi car ses performances dépendent des cultures introduites et de la manière de les assembler. Pour aider les acteurs à orienter leur choix de configuration des systèmes de culture, nous avons développé un indicateur de diversité globale des cultures de la rotation (I-DGC) basé sur une construction en arbre hiérarchique. Celui-ci comprend une évaluation des diversités temporelle et spatiale. La diversité temporelle est ensuite décomposée en un indicateur de diversité taxonomique et un de diversité fonctionnelle, celle-ci étant liée à la fourniture de douze services écosystémiques (SE). L’indicateur global calculé à partir des données sur les cultures permet d’estimer a priori, l’effet potentiel de la diversification d’une rotation. L’estimation des douze SE sur un ensemble de rotations typiques des agroécosystèmes montre des variations importantes. Par ailleurs, l’allongement de la rotation et l’augmentation du nombre de cultures ne sont pas suffisants ; ils doivent être associés à un choix adéquat des cultures et de leur succession. Mots clés : transition agroécologique, diversification, diversité spatio-temporelle, succession cultures, association de culture, cultures en bandes
L’évaluation pour accompagner la transition des systèmes de culture : le cas d’un groupe d’agriculteurs DEPHY dans l’Eure
Authors: Omon Bertrand
Published: January 2022

L’article montre, en s’appuyant sur une histoire elle-même construite au fil de différents dispositifs, comment l’évaluation est une étape clé dans l’accompagnement agronomique des agriculteurs en transition avec l’approche système de culture. L’évaluation a été présente et s’est révélée indispensable, tant pour les agriculteurs que pour leur accompagnateur agronome. C’est une étape complémentaire, jumelle, des étapes de conception de système de culture et de leur mise en œuvre. La première légitimité et le premier usage sont une contribution directe à la conception « pas à pas » des systèmes de culture. Elle est aussi indispensable pour faire « démonstration » et pour produire parfois des ressources. L’évaluation est aussi le moyen d’élargir la palette des enjeux à prendre en compte, dans une mixité entre biens privés et communs. Les résultats sur les critères représentant ces enjeux sont alors à privilégier. L’évaluation est également apparue rapidement, et cela s’est confirmé au fil du temps, comme déterminante dans l’acquisition d’autonomie dans l’univers professionnel des deux types d’acteurs. Cette autonomie a représenté une ressource forte, considérant que la voie choisie ne correspondait pas à la norme professionnelle dominante.
Quelles approches pour estimer et certifier la variation du stock de carbone organique du sol ?
Authors: Yogo Gécica , Noguès Mathieu , Ceschia Eric , Reynders Suzanne , Eglin Thomas
Published: January 2022

L'augmentation des stocks de carbone dans les sols agricoles présente un potentiel important dans les stratégies de lutte contre le changement climatique impliquant le secteur agricole. Il est mis en avant dans les politiques publiques, au niveau national (ex: Stratégie Nationale Bas Carbone) comme européen (ex: Carbon Farming Initiative), et des initiatives visant à valoriser économiquement le stockage de carbone se développent. Deux freins majeurs ont néanmoins été identifiés : la difficulté à évaluer l'impact sur le climat des projets de stockage de carbone et le développement de chaînes de valeur soutenables économiquement, en particulier pour les agriculteurs. A l'issue d’une étude co-financée par l’ADEME[1], des recommandations sont faites pour évaluer la quantité de carbone stocké dans les sols en grandes cultures. Pour évaluer un projet de stockage de carbone dans les sols en grandes cultures, il est recommandé (i) de s’appuyer sur des outils de modélisation validés scientifiquement (ex : AMG, SAFYE-CO2), (ii) de comptabiliser le différentiel de stockage de la dynamique du carbone entre le scénario du projet et un scénario de référence, et non le stockage brut, (iii) d’évaluer l’ensemble des émissions de GES liées à l’évolution des pratiques et (iv) de s’appuyer sur des données satellitaires (ex : Sentinel 2) pour estimer les entrées de carbone par les cultures/couverts végétaux dans le sol. Il est également recommandé de s’assurer (i) que les agriculteurs bénéficient d’une rémunération carbone juste, cohérente avec les risques pris et les coûts matériels (pratiques agricoles, investissements) et immatériels (apprentissage, tâches administratives) relatifs aux changement de pratiques, (ii) que les structures de conseil réalisent un accompagnement soutenu des agriculteurs afin de lever les différents freins pouvant être rencontrés, (iii) que les agriculteurs soient regroupés localement afin de faciliter le partage d’expérience et l’acquisition de nouvelles connaissances, (iv) de permettre un cofinancement privé et publique des projets.
МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ЩОДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОСНОВНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ НАДІЙНОСТІ ЗРАЗКІВ АВІАЦІЙНОЇ ТЕХНІКИ В МІЖРЕМОНТНИЙ ПЕРІОД ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ
Authors: Сушак Михайло , Грень Віталій , Клобукова Ніна , Чернозубкін Ігор
Published: January 2022

Представлено результати розроблення методичного підходу до визначення основних показників надійності зразків авіаційної техніки (АТ) парку Збройних Сил України, які експлуатуються за межами попередньо встановлених ресурсних показників. Використання запропонованих в статті математичних моделей та методичного підходу до визначення імовірнісних властивостей процесу гарантійного обслуговування зразків АТ, які експлуатуються за межами попередньо встановлених ресурсних показників, дають можливість в певній мірі уникнути відмов, які не пов’язані з проведенням ремонту на авіаремонтних підприємствах, а є наслідком конструктивних недоліків, та тривалого терміну експлуатації.
ДО ПИТАННЯ БАГАТОКРИТЕРІЙНОГО ПОРІВНЯЛЬНОГО ОЦІНЮВАННЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ АВІАЦІЙНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ
Authors: Мавренков Олексій , Стешенко Петро , Мавренкова Анастасія
Published: January 2022

Представлено результати досліджень з удосконалення методичного апарату порівняльного оцінювання безпілотних авіаційних комплексів у напрямах більш повного врахування складових фінансових витрат і ризикоутворюючих факторів, що супроводжують процеси реалізації проєктів постачання (розроблення) таких комплексів. Як критерій витрат пропонується використовувати вартість життєвого циклу безпілотного авіаційного комплексу. Як критерій успішності реалізації проєктів постачання (розроблення) безпілотних авіаційних комплексів у системі можливих ризиків пропонується використовувати відносний показник долі суми індексів неприпустимих ризиків серед всіх ідентифікованих ризиків, що супроводжують проєкт. Визначено напрями подальших досліджень в частині апробації запропонованого методичного апарату.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КЕРУВАННЯ СПІЛЬНИМИ БОЙОВИМИ ПОРЯДКАМИ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ І ПІЛОТОВАНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ
Authors: Самойленко Олексій , Богославець Сергій , Стешенко Петро , Наусенко Богдан
Published: January 2022

Надано результати аналізу групового застосування безпілотних літальних апаратів, у тому числі в спільних бойових порядках з пілотованими. Окреслено особливості такого застосування та напрями досліджень, необхідних для розвитку систем автоматичного керування групами літальних апаратів, тенденцій створення і застосування високошвидкісних безпілотних літальних апаратів літакового типу.
Surgical procedures in patients on aspirin. Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head: Professor Christos Perisanidis), Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, Papamimikou Stella , Kolomvos Nikolaos , Theologie-Lygidakis Nadia
Published: January 2022

Aspirin is referred to as the original of the common non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and is used as a comparison measure to new ones. Aspirin, whose active ingredient is acetylsalicylic acid, combines strong antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant action. For the latter, aspirin is administered on an ongoing basis to patients for the prevention of cardiovascular events or recurrence of cerebral throm- bosis and therapeutically to patients with a history of heart attack or ischemic stroke. Taking aspirin as an anticoagulant chronic medication concerns dentists es- pecially when it comes to surgical procedures as it is likely to cause increased bleeding perioperatively. The management of the patient on aspirin varies depending on the reason aspirin is administered and its dosage, the co-administration of other antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs and the severity of the surgical procedure itself. An interruption of antiplatelet medication is decided after assessing the above-mentioned criteria and con- sulting the patient’s physician. Additionally, in cases of increased bleeding risk like complex extractions, pre- prosthetic surgery, periodontal surgery, the procedure needs to be performed as atraumatically as possible and be accompanied by local haemostatic measures.