bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature Dependence of Electrical Conductivity and Variable Hopping Range Mechanism on Graphene Oxide Films
Authors: Sánchez-Trujillo D. J. , Osorio-Maldonado L. V. , Prías-Barragán J. J.
Published: December 2022

Rapid development of optoelectronic applications for optical-to-electrical conversion has increased the interest in graphene oxide (GO) material. Here, graphene oxide films (GOF) were used as source material in an infrared photodetector configuration and temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity was studied. GOF were prepared by double-thermal decomposition (DTD) method at 973 K, as fixed carbonization temperature (TCA), in a pyrolysis system, under a controlled nitrogen atmosphere, over quartz substrates. Graphene oxide films were mechanically supported in a photodetector configuration on bakelite substrates and electrically contacted with copper wires and high-purity silver paint. Vibrational characteristics were studied employing Raman spectroscopy and it was determined the typical graphene oxide bands. GOF were used to discuss the effect of temperature on the film’s electrical conductivity. Current-voltage (IV) curves were taken for several temperatures varying from 20 to 300 K and the electrical resistance values were obtained from 142.86 to 2.14 kΩ. The GOF electrical conductivity and bandgap energy (Eg) were calculated and it was found that when increasing temperature, the electrical conductivity increased from 30.33 to 2023.97 S/m, similar to a semiconductor material, and Eg shows a nonlinear change from 0.33 to 0.12 eV, with the increasing temperature. Conduction mechanism was described mainly by 3D-variable range hopping. Aditionally, measurements of voltage and electrical resistance, as a function of wavelength were considered, for a spectral range between 1300 nm and 3000 nm. It was evidenced that as the wavelength becomes longer, a greater number of free electrons are generated, which contribute to the electrical current. The EQE was determined for this proposed photodetector prototype, obtaining a value of 40%, similar to those reported for commercial semiconductor photodetectors. This study provides a groundwork for further development of graphene oxide films with high conductivity in large-scale preparation.
Intentional gestational weight loss among women with obesity and fetal growth: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guo Yanfang , Souza Sara , Bruce Liam , Luo Rong , El-Chaâr Darine , Gaudet Laura , Muldoon Katherine , Hawken Steven , Dunn Sandra , Harvey Alysha , Walker Mark , Wen Shi Wu , Corsi Daniel
Published: December 2022

Objective
The impact of intentional gestational weight loss (GWL) on fetal growth among women with obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between women with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 who experienced intentional weight loss during pregnancy and the risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of low-risk women with pre-pregnancy obesity resulted in a singleton live birth between 2012–2017, using birth registry data from the Canadian province of Ontario. GWL is defined as negative gestational weight change (≤ 0 kg). Pregnant women with conditions that could cause unintentional weight loss were excluded. Adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between intentional GWL and fetal growth were estimated using generalized estimating equation models with multiple imputation for missing covariates. Stratified analysis was conducted by obesity class (I:30-34.9 kg/m2, II:35-39.9 kg/m2 and III+:≥40 kg/m2).
Results
Among 52,184 eligible women who entered pregnancy with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, 5.3% had intentional GWL. Overall, intentional GWL was associated with an increased risk of SGA neonates (aRR:1.50, 95%CI:1.36–1.63) and decreased risk of LGA neonates (aRR:0.80, 95%CI:0.68–0.92), compared to adequate gestational weight gain. Intentional GWL in women who entered pregnancy with obesity was associated with increased risk of SGA neonates regardless of obesity class; however, decreased risk of LGA neonates was associated with intentional GWL only in women with obesity class II or higher category of obesity. Sensitivity analysis with complete case data revealed similar results.
Conclusion
Intentional GWL in women with obesity was associated with an increased risk of SGA neonates in all obesity classes but was associated with a reduced risk of LGA neonates in women with class II or higher obesity. Recommendations of GWL for women with obesity should be interpreted with caution.
Neurophenotypes of COVID-19: risk factors and recovery trajectories
Authors: Prabhakaran Divya , Day Gregory , Munipalli Bala , Rush Beth , Pudalov Lauren , Niazi Shehzad , Brennan Emily , Powers Harry , Durvasula Ravi , Athreya Arjun , Blackmon Karen
Published: December 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with risk of persistent neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric complications, termed “long COVID”. It is unclear whether the neuropsychological manifestations of COVID-19 present as a uniform syndrome or as distinct neurophenotypes with differing risk factors and recovery trajectories. We examined post-acute outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in 205 patients recruited from inpatient and outpatient populations, using an unsupervised machine learning cluster analysis, with objective and subjective neuropsychological measures as input features. This resulted in three distinct post-COVID clusters. In the largest cluster (69%), cognitive functions were within normal limits (“normal cognition” neurophenotype), although mild subjective attention and memory complaints were reported. Cognitive impairment was present in the remaining 31% of the sample but clustered into two differentially impaired groups. In 16% of participants, memory deficits, slowed processed speed, and fatigue were predominant. Risk factors for membership in the “memory-speed impaired” neurophenotype included anosmia and more severe COVID-19 infection. In the remaining 15% of participants, executive dysfunction was predominant. Risk factors for membership in this milder “dysexecutive” neurophenotype included disease-nonspecific factors such as neighborhood deprivation and obesity. Recovery trajectories at 6-month follow-up differed across neurophenotypes, with the normal cognition group showing stability, the dysexecutive group showing improvement, and the memory-speed impaired group showing persistent processing speed deficits and fatigue, as well as worse functional outcomes. These results indicate that there are multiple post-acute neurophenotypes of long COVID, with different etiological pathways and recovery trajectories. This information may inform phenotype-specific approaches to treatment.
Automated synthesis and quality control of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor using the Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module for CXCR4 PET imaging
Authors: DANIEL Thomas , RAVINET Clara BALOUZET , CLERC Jérôme , BATISTA Rui , MOURAEFF Yvan
Published: December 2022

Background
[68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor is a promising radiotracer for positron emission tomography imaging of several human tumors overexpressing the chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4). CXCR4 overexpression has been demonstrated in patients with hematologic malignancies, solid cancers, as well as cardiovascular pathologies of inflammatory origins. However, its radio synthesis is not yet fully developed in France, and existing methods do not use our type of synthesis module. Therefore, we aimed at developing a [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor synthesis with Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module to use it in clinical purpose.
Results
12 syntheses were carried out by varying the temperature conditions and radiolabeling times, and led to choose specific labelling conditions with the Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module: 97°Celsius, 4 minutes. The mean 3 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-conditions synthesis time was 24 min 27 s (+/- 8 s), and the mean radiolabeling efficiency was 86.96% (Standard deviation (SD) 6.67%). Different quality control parameters were also evaluated in accordance with European Pharmacopeia: radiochemical and radionuclidic purity, pH, sterility, stability and endotoxins levels. The average radiochemical purity was 99.09% (SD 0.25%) assessed by Instant Thin Layer Chromatography and 99.82% (SD 0.092%) assessed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Average 68-germanium breakthrough was 0.0000148%, under the recommended level of 0.001%. We assessed the stability of the radiotracer up to 4 hours at room temperature (no augmentation of the [68Ga] chloride in the final product, i.e. radiochemical purity (RCP) > 98.5%). The endotoxins levels were < 5.00 EU/mL, and the pH was 6.5 (same for the three syntheses).
Conclusion
The [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor synthesis process developed on the Gaia/Luna Elysia-Raytest module has fulfilled all acceptance criteria for injectable radiopharmaceutical products regarding the European Pharmacopeia. The radiochemical purity, stability, efficacy, as well as the microbiological quality of the three GMP batches were found to be good. The robustness of the synthesis process may be suitable for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
Gut microbiome determines therapeutic effects of OCA on NALFD by modulating bile acid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Gang , Liu Jianjun , Sun Jiayi , Yu Jiangkun , Chen Hang , Zhang Dan , Zhang Tao , MA Yi-Cheng , Zou Cheng-Gang , Ma Lan-Qin , Yu Xue
Published: December 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease with no approved pharmacological agents yet. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a novel bile acid derivative, has been demonstrated to ameliorate NAFLD-related manifestations. Regarding the role of gut-liver axis in liver disease development, this study aimed to explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the treatment of OCA to NALFD mice induced by the high-fat diet (HFD). Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) confirmed the critical role of gut microbiota in OCA treatment to NALFD which could effectively alleviate histopathological traits and damaged liver function induced by HFD. Metagenomic analysis indicated that OCA intervention in HFD mice remarkably increased the abundance of Akkermansia miciniphila, Bacteroides massiliensis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium spp. Targeted metabolomics analysis indicated that OCA could modulate host bile acids pool by reducing the levels of hydrophobic cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and increasing levels of hydrophilic conjugated bile acids, such as taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodesoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in the serum of HFD-fed mice. Strong correlations were found between differentially abundant microbes and the shifted bile acids. Furthermore, bacteria enriched in OCA intervention exhibited much greater potential in encoding 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDs) producing secondary bile acids rather than bile salt hydrolases (BSHs) responsible for primary bile acids synthesis. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that OCA intervention altered gut microbiota composition, thus enriching special gut microbes modulating dynamic homeostasis of bile acids which ultimately influenced therapeutic effects on NAFLD.
Unravelling the effect of winter holiday celebrations on SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Authors: Geenen Caspar , Thibaut Jonathan , Laenen Lies , Raymenants Joren , Cuypers Lize , Maes Piet , Dellicour Simon , André Emmanuel
Published: December 2022

Public holidays have been associated with SARS-CoV-2 incidence surges, although a firm causal link remains to be established. This association is sometimes attributed to events where transmissions occur at a disproportionately high rate, known as superspreading events. Here, we describe a sudden surge in new cases with the Omicron BA.1 strain amongst higher education students in Belgium. Contact tracers classed most of these cases as likely or possibly infected on New Year's Eve, indicating a direct trigger by New Year celebrations. Using a combination of contact tracing and phylogenetic data, we show the limited role of superspreading events in this surge. Finally, the numerous simultaneous transmissions allowed a unique opportunity to determine the distribution of incubation periods of the Omicron strain. Overall, our results indicate that, even under social restrictions, a surge in transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 can occur when holiday celebrations result in small social gatherings attended simultaneously and communitywide.
Clinical utility of markerless motion capture for kinematic evaluation of sit-to-stand during 30s-CST at one year post total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study
Authors: Onitsuka Katsuya , Kubota Keisuke , Yokoyama Moeka , Miyazawa Taku , Hamaguchi Toyohiro , Taniguchi Hiroto , Usuki Naohiro , Miyamoto Satoshi , Okazaki Ken , Murata Kenji , Kanemura Naohiko
Published: December 2022

Background
Although the importance of kinematic evaluation of the sit-to-stand (STS) test of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients is clear, there have been no reports analyzing STS during the 30-second chair sit-up test (30s-CST) with a focus on kinematic characteristics. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical utility of kinematic analysis of STS during the 30s-CST by classifying STS into subgroups based on kinematic parameters, and to determine whether differences in clinical outcomes are expressed as differences in clinical outcomes.
Methods
The subjects were all patients who underwent unilateral TKA due to osteoarthritis of the knee and were followed up for one year postoperatively. Forty-eight kinematic parameters were calculated using markerless motion capture by cutting STS at the 30s-CST. The principal components of the kinematic parameters were extracted and grouped by kinematic characteristics based on the principal component scores. Clinical significance was examined by testing whether differences in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were observed.
Results
Five principal components were extracted from the 48 kinematic parameters of STS and classified into three subgroups (SGs) according to their kinematic characteristics. It was suggested that SG2, with kinematic characteristics similar to the momentum transfer strategy shown in previous studies, performed better in PROMs and, in particular, may be significantly closer to obtaining the “forgotten joint”, which is considered the ultimate goal after TKA.
Conclusions
Clinical outcomes differed according to kinematic differences in STS, suggesting that kinematic analysis of STS in 30s-CST may be useful in clinical practice.
Trial registration:
This study was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Tokyo Women’s Medical University (approval number: 5628 on May 21, 2021).
Prognostic Factors for the Efficacy of Infliximab in Patients with Luminal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Ma Ye , Zhang Runfeng , Liu Wei , Sun Yinghao , Li Jingnan , Yang Hong , Lv Hong , Li Yue , Tan Bei , Sun Xiyu , Qian Jiaming , Li Ji
Published: December 2022

Background
Enteric fistula is one of the penetrating features in Crohn’s disease (CD). This study aimed to clarify the prognostic factors for the efficacy of infliximab (IFX) treatment in luminal fistulizing CD patients.
Methods
We retrospectively included 26 cases diagnosed with luminal fistulizing CD hospitalized in our medical center from 2013 to 2021. The median follow-up time was 17.5 months (range 6–124 months). The primary outcome of our research was defined as death from all causes and undergoing of any relevant abdominal surgery. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to describe overall survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. A nomogram was constructed and internal validation was performed using C-index.
Results
The 1- and 2-year surgery-free survival rates were 68.1% and 63.2%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the efficacy of IFX treatment at 6 months after initiation (P < 0.001, HR 0.23, 95% CI 0.01–0.72) and the existence of complex fistula (P = 0.047, HR 4.11, 95% CI 1.01–16.71) was found significantly related to the overall surgery-free survival, while disease activity at baseline (P = 0.099) also showed predictive potential. The multivariate analysis showed that efficacy at 6 months (P = 0.010) was an independent prognostic factor. A predictive nomogram was developed and validated. The C-index for the internal validation was 0.923 (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Nomogram including the existence of complex fistula, disease activity at baseline and efficacy of IFX at 6 months may be useful to predict long-term outcome of luminal fistulizing CD patients.
Structural delineation of SARS-CoV-2 broadly neutralizing antibody to Omicron subvariants including BA.4/BA.5 and BA.2.75
Authors: Moriyama Saya , Anraku Yuki , Taminishi Shunta , Adachi Yu , Kuroda Daisuke , Kita Shunsuke , Higuchi Yusuke , Kotaki Ryutaro , Tonouchi Keisuke , Yumoto Kohei , Suzuki Tateki , Someya Taiyou , Fukuhara Hideo , Kuroda Yudai , Yamamoto Tsukasa , Onodera Taishi , Fukushi Shuetsu , Maeda Ken , Nakamura-Uchiyama Fukumi , Hashiguchi Takao , Hoshino Atsushi , Maenaka Katsumi , Takahashi Yoshimasa
Published: December 2022

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have evolved to evade receptor-binding site (RBS) antibodies that exist in diverse individuals as public antibody clones. We rationally selected RBS antibodies resilient to mutations in emerging Omicron subvariants. Y489 was identified as a site of virus vulnerability and a common footprint of broadly neutralizing antibodies against the subvariants. Multiple Y489-binding antibodies were encoded by public clonotypes and additionally recognized F486, potentially accounting for the emergence of Omicron subvariants harboring the F486V mutation. However, a subclass of antibodies broadly neutralized BA.4/BA.5 variants via hydrophobic binding sites of rare clonotypes along with extremely high mutation-resilience under escape mutation screening. The structural basis for mutation-resilience of this antibody group may inform the design of therapeutics resistant to viral escape.
Stabilization of rock slopes by anchor based on upper bound analysis incorporating Hoek-Brown failure criterion
Authors: Showkati Alan , Sharafisafab Mansour
Published: December 2022

In this paper, Hoek-Brown (HB) failure criterion in combination with kinematic approach of limit analysis is employed to develop an upper bound solution to the factor of safety (FoS) of an anchor-reinforced rock slope. The shear strength reduction method is adopted to define FoS by using an approach based on the parametric form of the HB shear envelope. Two ways to incorporate the non-linear HB criterion into limit analysis are considered: the tangential technique and the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb parameters method. Two objective functions are accordingly derived by equating the rates of external works done by rock weight and anchor force to the internal energy dissipation rate. Then, an optimization scheme is programmed in Matlab to capture an upper bound to the slope FoS by trying all kinematically admissible failure mechanisms. The numerical results show that the proposed solutions agree very well with other approaches including the limit equilibrium method and numerical simulations. However, despite its convenience, the equivalent method generally overestimates FoS by about 5.9% when compared to the tangential technique, meaning that it should be used with some degree of prudence. The effects of the anchor position and its horizontal inclination on the slope FoS are also discussed.
Higher Local Ebola Incidence Causes Lower Child Vaccination Rates
Authors: Das Upasak , Fielding David
Published: December 2022

The 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone degraded healthcare services, killed healthcare professionals, disrupted the economy, and reduced trust in modern healthcare. Using data from household surveys before and after the epidemic, we show that there has been at least one long-term consequence of these effects. Overall rates of vaccination for BCG, DPT, measles, and polio are lower in Guinean and Sierra Leonean districts that had a relatively high incidence of Ebola; statistical analysis indicates that this is a causal effect. The effects of the epidemic on access to healthcare have been local effects, at least in part.
Effects of Spatial Patterning within Working Pine Forests on Priority Avian Species in Mississippi
Authors: Sklarczyk Craig A. , Evans Kristine O. , Greene Daniel U. , Morin Dana J. , Iglay Raymond B.
Published: December 2022

Context
Within dynamic ecosystems, research into how land use changes and patterns affect species diversity has led to a suite of ecological hypotheses to assess species-landscape associations. The Habitat Amount Hypothesis suggests that it is the total amount of habitat, regardless of configuration, whereas the Multi-dimensional Hypothesis suggests it is the suite of local, landscape, and landform characteristics that have the greatest influence on species diversity within its local landscape.
Objectives
Our study aims to understand how landscape pattern influences species abundance, in the context of these two competing hypotheses on the priority avian species.
Methods
To examine these competing hypotheses, we assessed avian species associations with total amount vs. configuration of habitat in working loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forests in Mississippi during 2019-2020.
Results
We found that habitat amount alone did not exhibit consistent positive associations with avian abundance for both early-successional and mature forest associated species guilds. Most target species exhibited positive associations with patch proximity, measured by Euclidean distance, and proximity-area index. Associations with landform features generally had positive influences on early-successional species than mature-pine priority species.
Conclusions
Given the extensive coverage of working forests and growing demand for forest products, sustainable forestry guidelines that consider proximity of stands in similar age classes and stages could enhance landscape suitability for some target species guilds. Further research is needed to assess potential effects of stand proximity to species diversity across scales. By combining ecological theory with forest management, we can better inform conservation measures and land use objectives in working forested landscapes.
Implantation of core tract autologous bone into decompressed lesion in the core decompression for osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Yoon Jae Youn , Im Gun-Il
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Core decompression (CD) is a treatment modality used to prevent progression of subchondral collapse and arthritic change in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of CD with autologous bone graft to promote rapid bone formation and early postoperative ambulation.
Methods
This study included 13 patients who received CD for ONFH (≤ 2mm head collapse) with a minimum follow-up of two years. We implanted autologous bone blocks obtained from the decompression tract into the decompressed necrotic area, and the remaining space was filled with 5–10 cc of allograft bone chips or left empty. We then evaluated patients’ clinical and radiographical outcomes.
Results
The mean visual analog scale improved from 4.7 at admission to 3.1 at the latest follow-up (P = 0.039). The mean modified Harris hip score also improved from 59.8 to 73.2 ( P = 0.027). Mild osteoarthritic changes were noted in most patients (11/13, 84.6%), and the hip survival rate (no further surgeries required) was 76.9%. Three patients underwent total hip arthroplasty due to residual hip pain (mean time to reoperation, 12.7 months).
Conclusion
Core decompression showed favorable clinical outcomes without any surgery-related complications. This technique may be recommended for the treatment of ONFH.
A computational assessment of the interaction of 5Fluorouracil (5FU) drug connected to B 12 P 12 and ScB 11 P 12 nanocages with adenine nucleobase: DFT, AIM, TD-DFT study
Authors: Rezaei-Sameti M. , Rezaei A.
Published: December 2022

Intelligent transfer of drugs to target cells is one of the important challenges in pharmaceuticals and disease treatment. Based on this, various investigations have been done on the interaction of drugs with different materials and compounds, among which nanomaterials have received more attention due to their wide active surface. In this context, the interaction of 5Fluorouracil (5FU) drug connected B12P12and ScB11P12nanocages with the adenine nucleobase is investigated. The results of this study could provide a new idea about the effect of nanocages on drug binding to nucleobase. The computational studied base on the density functional theory at the ωB97XD/6-31G (d, p) level of theory is fulfilled in presence of a static electric field (SEF) in the z-direction (z + 0.01, z + 0.02, z + 0.03, and z + 0.04 au). The outcomes of this study confirm that the interaction of 5FU&B12P12and 5FU&ScB11P12complexes with adenine is exothermic and favorable. The electrical localized field (ELF) plots, quantum theory of atom in molecule (QTAIM) outputs, and reduced density gradient (RDG) scatter plots have been computed and results are analyzed. The output results demonstrated that the nature of bonding between 5FU&B12P12, and 5FU&ScB11P12complexes with adenine is electrostatic type. The results of this study recommended that the doping Sc atom and electrical field application increase the interaction of 5FU-drug&B12P12nanocage with adenine and it is an efficient system for 5FU drug delivery toward target cells.
A comparative study using improved LSTM /GRU for human action recognition
Authors: Muhamad Azhee Wria , Mohammed Aree Ali
Published: December 2022

One of the deep learning algorithms for sequence data analysis is a recurrent neural network (RNN). In a conventional neural network, the inputs and the outputs are independent of each other. At the same time, RNN is considered a type of Neural Network where the output from the previous step feeds information to the current phase. It has many applications, including video sentiment classification, speech tagging, and machine translation. Recurrent networks are also distributed parameters across each layer of the network. Several layers are stacked together to increase depth in forwarding and backward information of long short-term memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). This paper proposes two models for various action recognitions using LSTM and GRU, respectively. The first model was improved by increasing the LSTM layers to four and the number of units in each layer to 128 cells. While in the second model, GRU layers were extended to two layers with 128 cells, and the (update and reset) gates are modified based on the previous and current input. A comparative study was conducted during the experimental tests performed on the UCF101 action dataset regarding the accuracy rate for both models. Test results indicate that the accuracy has a significant improvement compared with other state-of-the-arts action recognitions, which are 95.19% and 92.9% for both improved LSTM and GRU, respectively.
A case report on Legg Calve-Perthes disease in a 12 years old
Authors: Prajapati Manthan Hitesh , Patel Tanvi , Rathod Mrudangsinh , Mistry Mansi
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Perthes disease also called as Legg Calve-Perthes disease which is a rare childhood disease that affects hip bone. It is more common in boys than girls. It occurs in the age group of 5-10 years. The cause is idiopathic, but persistent ischemia is a fictional cause. A child may present symptoms like hip pain, limping while walking, Pain radiation to the knee or hip stiffness. Blood flow to the femoral head is interrupted in one or several recurring episodes. It is also known that without therapy, complete revascularization of the avascular epiphysis occurs virtually over time within 2 to 4 years.
Case Presentation
Patient was having hip pain and groin pain for 6 months. Radiological findings suggest avascular necrosis and collapsed head of the right femur.
Conclusion:
After surgical management patient was stable, follow-up at the end of 2 months positive as the patient was symptomless and pain free with slight limp while walking.
Role of High-temperature Requirement Serine Protease A 2 in Rheumatoid Inflammation
Authors: Jeong Gi Heon , Nam Min-Kyung , Hur Wonhee , Heo Seolhee , Lee Saseong , Choi Eunbyeol , Park Jae Hyung , Park Youngjae , Kim Wan-UK , Rhim Hyangshuk , Yoo Seung-Ah
Published: December 2022

Background
High-temperature requirement serine protease A 2 (HtrA2) is known to be involved in growth, unfolded protein response to stress, and apoptosis or autophagy. However, whether HtrA2 controls inflammation and immune response remains elusive.
Results
Here, we found that the concentration of HtrA2 was elevated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fluid (SF) than in osteoarthritis (OA) SF, and its concentrations were correlated with immune cells counts in the RA SF. Strikingly, in the SF of RA patients, HtrA2 levels were elevated in proportion to synovitis severity and correlated with proinflammation cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-8, IL-6 and CCL2. Of note, HtrA2 was highly expressed in RA synoviums and primary synoviocytes. RA synoviocytes released HtrA2 when stimulated by ER stress inducers. Moreover, knockdown of HtrA2 inhibited IL1β-, TNFα- or LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine by RA synoviocytes.
Conclusion
HtrA2 is a novel inflammatory mediator and therefore a promising target for developing an anti-inflammation therapy for RA.
Site-specific assessment of spinal radiographic progression improves detection of TNF blocker-associated disease modification in axial spondyloarthritis: Longitudinal observational data from the Swiss Clinical Quality Management Registry
Authors: Popova Vjara , Kissling Seraphina , Micheroli Raphael , Bräm René , de Hooge Manouk , Baraliakos Xenofon , Nissen Michael J. , Möller Burkhard , Exer Pascale , Andor Michael , Distler Oliver , Scherer Almut , Ospelt Caroline , Ciurea Adrian
Published: December 2022

Objectives
To analyse whether time-varying treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) has a differential impact on structural damage progression on different spinal segments (cervical versus lumbar spine).
Methods
Patients with r-axSpA in the Swiss Clinical Quality Management cohort were included if cervical and lumbar radiographs were available at intervals of 2 years for a maximum of 10 years. Paired radiographs were scored by two calibrated readers according to the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS). The relationship between TNFi use and progression in the cervical and the lumbar spine was analysed using generalised estimating equation models and adjustment for potential confounding. Radiographic progression per spinal segment was defined as an increase of ≥ 1 mSASSS unit or by the formation of ≥ 1 new syndesmophyte over 2 years.
Results
Mean ± SD symptom duration was 13.8 ± 9.8 years. Mean ± SD mSASSS progression per radiographic interval was 0.41 ± 1.69 units in the cervical spine and 0.45 ± 1.45 units in the lumbar spine (p = 0.66). Prior use of TNFi significantly reduced the odds of progression in the cervical spine by 68% (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14–0.72), but not in the lumbar spine (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.52–1.88). A more restricted inhibition of progression in the lumbar spine was confirmed after multiple imputation of missing covariate data (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.24–0.77 and 0.85, 95% CI 0.51–1.41, for the cervical and lumbar spine, respectively). It was also confirmed with progression defined as formation of ≥ 1 syndesmophyte (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.12–0.80 versus OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.26–1.24 for the cervical and lumbar spine, respectively).
Conclusion
Disease modification by treatment with TNFi seems to more profoundly affect the cervical spine in this r-axSpA population with longstanding disease. Site-specific analysis of spinal progression might, therefore, improve detection of disease modification in clinical trials in axSpA.
The effect of claudin-15 deletion on cationic selectivity and transport of paracellular pathways in the cecum and large intestine
Authors: Hempstock Wendy , Nagata Nozomi , Ishizuka Noriko , Hayashi Hisayoshi
Published: December 2022

The large intestine plays a pivotal role in water and electrolyte balance. It is thought that paracellular transport plays a role in water and ion transport mechanisms in the cecum and large intestine, however, these mechanisms and the physiological roles have rarely been studied. Claudin-15 forms a Na+ channel in tight junctions in the small intestine but its role in the cecum and colon has not been investigated. This study aimed to explore physiological roles of claudin-15 in the mouse cecum and colon using claudin-15 (Cldn15) KO mice. Transmural electrical conductance, current, flux of Na+, and dilution potential were assessed in isolated preparations of cecum and colon from Cldn15 KO mice mounted in Ussing chambers. The induced current of short-chain fatty acids, which are fermentative products in the cecum and colon, was also measured. In the cecum but not the middle large intestine, electrical conductance and paracellular Na+ flux were decreased, while in both the cecum and the colon, paracellular Na+ permeability was decreased in Cldn15 KO mice. These results suggest that claudin-15 is the molecule responsible for cation selectivity in tight junctions of the cecum and colon, and decreased cation selectivity in the cecum may cause impaired absorption function.
Incorporation of fine root detritus into forest soil organic matter
Authors: Fahey Timothy J , Yavitt J.B. , Goebel Marc , Pipes Gwendolyn
Published: December 2022

Forest soils contain a large proportion of the global carbon stock in the form of relatively stable soil organic matter (SOM). One of the principal inputs of carbon to forest SOM is turnover of tree fine roots, but the process of decomposition of fine root litter and its conversion into stable SOM has received limited study. We labeled fine roots of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) with 13C and traced the label for seven years into four contrasting soils to improve understanding of this process. After seven years we recovered an average of 8.9% of the 13C label, with about two-thirds recovered as coarse particulate organic matter (cPOM) and one-third as fine POM (fPOM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). No differences in 13C recovery were detected between 1-2 and 3-4 order fine roots. Most of the 13C in fPOM in microaggregates (53-250 µm, 58%) was occluded within macroaggregates, and the recovery increased significantly from year 2 to 7, illustrating the role of fine root detritus in the formation of microaggregates. This process was most pronounced in the A horizon of a higher pH soil (pH = 5.5) with high iron oxide content. Conversely, the lowest 13C recovery in this fraction was observed in the A horizon of an acidic, fine-textured Inceptisol. Despite the difference between leaf litter and fine root litter in terms of placement on versus within mineral soil, patterns of their contribution to MAOM appear to be similar. Our results support recent evidence that fine root litter is a modest contributor to stable SOM in acid forest soils.
Allogeneic stem cell transplant improves survival after first- or second-line therapy in TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia: Results from the Consortium on Myeloid Malignancies and Neoplastic Diseases (COMMAND).
Authors: Badar Talha , Atallah Ehab , Shallis Rory , Saliba Antoine , Patel Anand , Bewersdorf Jan , Grenet Justin , Stahl Maximilian , Duvall Adam , Burkart Madelyn , Palmisiano Neil , Bradshaw Danielle , Kubiak Michal , Dinner Shira , Goldberg Aaron , Abaza Yasmin , Murthy Guru Subramanian Guru , Kota Vamsi , Litzow Mark
Published: December 2022

We conducted a multi-center study to analyze factors predicting survival among patients with TP53-mutated (m) AML receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) in the recent era. Among 370 patients, 68 (18%) patients were bridge to allo-HSCT. The median age of the patients was 63 years (range, 33–75), 82% of patients had complex cytogenetics and 66% of patients had multi-hit TP53m. Forty three percent received myeloablative conditioning (MAC) and 57% received reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). The incidence of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) was 37% and chronic GVHD was 44%. The median event-free survival (EFS) from the time of allo-HSCT was 12.4 months (95% CI: 6.24–18.55) and median overall survival (OS) was 24.5 months (95% CI: 21.80-27.25). In multivariate analysis utilizing variables that showed significance in univariate analysis, complete remission at day 100 post allo-HSCT retained significance for EFS (HR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.10–0.57, p = 0.001) and OS (HR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.10–0.50, p = < 0.001). Similarly, occurrence of chronic GVHD retained significance for EFS (HR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.09–0.46, p = < 0.001) and OS (HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.75, p = 0.007). Our report suggests that allo-HSCT offers the best opportunity to improve long-term outcome among patients with TP53m AML.
Identifying a promising inhibitor of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici, Secreted in Xylem 1 protein
Authors: Rathore Anuranjan Singh , Gupta Krishna Kant , Jeyabharathy Chandrasekaran , Chandran Sam Aldrin
Published: December 2022

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici (FOL) is a soil borne pathogen which infects tomato plants and inflicts severe damage, resulting in heavy yield losses throughout the world. FOL encodes several pathogenicity factors which are necessary for colonizing the host plant and establishing an infection successfully. Secreted in Xylem 1 (SIX1) was chosen for the present study since it is pivotal in determining host specificity and is also involved in pathogenicity/virulence. We predicted the structure of SIX1 by comparative modeling using Robetta server, as the structure of SIX1 is not elucidated. The best possible structure was refined, validated and used for subsequent analysis. In order to identify small molecules which can inhibit FOL, an antifungal library containing 16,824 compounds was screened using the predicted and validated structure. Five antifungal compounds were identified from the library. Ensuing analyses revealed that 4-[[2-(3-methoxyphenoxy) acetyl]amino] benzamide can interact with SIX1 in a stable manner. By inhibiting SIX1 we can inhibit FOL, hence 4-[[2-(3-methoxyphenoxy) acetyl]amino]benzamide is a promising candidate to prevent FOL infection. In addition to biocontrol methods and strategies using transgenic plants overexpressing resistance genes, the usage of small molecule inhibitors involving an integrated approach can be much more effective in combating FOL.
Magnetohydrodynamic Effect on Two-Phase Flow in the porous medium through a Rectangular Curved Duct
Authors: Rahman Md. Khalilur , Parvin Salma , Khan Md. Abdul Hakim
Published: December 2022

For the best structure and reliable maintenance, two- or multiphase flow is becoming more and more essential in engineering systems. However, a variety of different of biological organisms and natural phenomena that exhibit two-phase situations can be explored to improve our knowledge of this. This is so because current industrial technology does not place these limitations. This research aims to investigate the effect of an external magnetic field on unsteady laminar incompressible two-phase flow in a porous medium via a rectangular curved duct. The relevant governing equations are represented by the Navier-Stokes equations and by the Level set equation with boundary conditions. Fluid flow through curved rectangular ducts behaves differently from fluid flow through straight ducts due to the centrifugal action generated by duct curvature. Within curved ducts, centrifugal force is generated secondary flow vortices and spiraling fluid motion. This analysis graphically depicts the fluid phase distribution, the Dean vortex, velocity contours, and fluid volume fractions. Furthermore, displayed are the effects of the aspect ratio, porosity, Dean number, radius of curvature, and Hartmann number. Additionally, a comparison of two-phase flow between various fluids is presented.
Research and analysis of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) products and systems for the China International Solar Decathlon Competition
Authors: Xu Weiyan , Xu Ning , Xia Heng , Tu Jielei
Published: December 2022

In order to study the energy-related behavior of BIPV, the building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules and systems of the International Solar Decathlon Competition were selected as an example. At different levels, from the three levels of "zero carbon emissions", "smart interconnection" and "healthy human settlements", discuss the carbon peak in 2030, the transformation of urban energy in the context of carbon neutrality in 2060, and BIPV based on macro scales of different needs The characteristics of adaptive spatial pattern of building integration. Then summarize the three aspects of active and passive energy saving, solar module and system heat gain, and prefabricated buildings, so as to provide researchers, architects, BIPV manufacturers and BIPV designers, active-passive technology in the future zero-energy solar residential design and practice It provides a certain technical reference for the integrated innovation and integrated application in this paper.
Properties of MDTM and RDTM for two–Dimensional Lane– Emden Equations and Systems Equations
Authors: Teyar Nadir
Published: December 2022

In this paper, I study the linear and the nonlinear forms of two–dimensional Lane–Emden type equations by proving and applying new product and quotient properties for different differential transform methods (RDTM and MDTM), in order to minimize computation to the maximum. I also introduce the two–dimensional Lane–Emden systems equations. I will obtain exact analytic solutions without linearization, discretization or perturbation, even with less computation.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 35J15, 35J47, 70F15, 35J75
Mapping the Clock Tower of the St Mark's square in Venice (Italy): stones, deterioration morphologies and their distribution
Authors: Piovesan Rebecca , Tesser Elena , Maritan Lara , Zaccariello Gloria , Mazzoli Claudio , Antonelli Fabrizio
Published: December 2022

In the frame of HYPERION EU project, aimed to develop a Decision Support System to improve resilience and sustainable reconstruction of historic areas against climate change and extreme events, Venice stands for its urban and architectonic complexity and richness.
In this system, the mapping of the ornamental stones and their deterioration morphologies of the Venice Clock Tower (Torre dell’Orologio) façade acts as a milestone on which building the knowledge-acquisition process on stone artefacts and their decay products. The Clock Tower is an early Renaissance building (1499) in Lombardesque stile standing over the entrance to the Mercerie on the northern side of the St. Mark square. Detailed surveys and mapping of both building materials (mainly stones) and deterioration morphologies were carried out, the latter following the weathering forms glossary, coupled an evaluation of their intensity. The data output consists of several monothematic maps, which can be separately handled, each one focusing on exact lithology or specific deterioration aspects. Moreover, a simple approach to graphically summarize the total state of deterioration of the building is here proposed in the form of a Total Deterioration Index (TDI) and its representation. The stones used in the façade are regional (Ammonitico Rosso and Scaglia Rossa) and extra-regional limestones (Istrian Stone), as well as Mediterranean white and coloured marbles and stones already used in antiquity (i.e. Fior di Pesco or marmor chalcidicum, Porfido rosso anticoor lapis porphyrites a volcanite from the Egyptian Eastern Desert, Proconnesian marble from the Microasiatic Marmara island, Pavonazzetto toscano and white Carrara marbles from Italian Apuan Alps). Their most frequent forms of deterioration detected are black crusts, patinas, discoloration and patterns linked to erosion processes. The interrelation of different mappings allowed some useful considerations about differences in the effectiveness of maintenance procedures between public and private management of the monument.
Existence and convergence of solutions for p-Laplacian systems with homogeneous nonlinearities on graphs *
Authors: Shao Mengqiu
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we investigate a class of p-Laplacian systems on a locally finite graph G = (V, E). By exploiting the method of Nehari manifold and some new analytical techniques, under suitable assumptions on the potentials and nonlinear terms, we prove that the p-Laplacian system admits a ground state solution (u λ , v λ) when the parameter λ is sufficiently large. Furthermore, we consider the concentration behavior of these solutions as λ → ∞, and show that these solutions converge to a solution of the corresponding limit problem.
MSC(2010): 35A15, 35Q55, 58E30
Some common fixed point theorems in bipolar metric spaces and applications
Authors: Paul Joginder , Chandra N. , Gairola U. C.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we prove some common fixed point theorems for generalized rational type contraction in bipolar metric spaces. These theorems also generalize and extend several interesting results of metric fixed point theory to the bipolar metric context. In addition, there are some examples and applications for the obtained results.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 47H10, 54H25.
Comparison of Femoral neck system and three cannulated cancellous screws in the treatment of vertical femoral neck fractures: clinical observation and finite element analysis
Authors: shaolong Huang , yazhong Zhang , xu Zhang , chengqiang Zhou , wenbo Li , yunqing Wang , bin Wang , ziqiang Zhu
Published: December 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical and clinical results of two surgical methods for the treatment of vertical femoral neck fractures: Femoral neck system (FNS) and traditional three-cannulated cancellous screws (CCS).
Methods: First, we developed three different vertical femoral neck fracture models for the finite element analysis, with angles of 55°, 65°, and 75°, respectively. Two experimental groups were set up: the FNS group and the CCS group. Each fracture group was tested under axial loads of 2100 N to measure the femur's displacement, Von Mise stress (VMS), and its internal fixation components. Secondly, we retrospectively included the cases of vertical femoral neck fractures with FNS and CCS in our hospital from May 2019 to May 2021. In this study, we compared the duration of intraoperative fluoroscopy, operative time, hospital stay, fracture healing time, Hemoglobin loss, Harris score of hip joint function, and postoperative complications among patients undergoing hip joint replacement.
Results: In terms of finite element analysis, FNS has better anti-displacement stability than CCS at 55°and 65°, while FNS is greater than CCS in Von Mise stress. Clinically, we followed up on 87 patients for an average of 12 months. FNS was superior to traditional CCS in fracture healing time, operation time, fluoroscopy duration, fracture healing time, and Harris hip function score.
Conclusion: FNS is superior to traditional CCS in biomechanical and clinical aspects of treating vertical femoral neck fractures. There is potential for FNS to become a new treatment option for vertical femoral neck fractures.