bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORPO DOCENTE DO MESTRADO NACIONAL PROFISSIONAL EM ENSINO DE FÍSICA DO NORDESTE E CENTRO-OESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Bianca Martins , Vianna Deise Miranda
Published: January 2024

O trabalho traça o perfil quanto ao sexo e à formação acadêmica do corpo docente do Mestrado Nacional Profissional em Ensino de Física (MNPEF) que atua nas regiões Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Apresenta-se a diversidade de formação dos docentes em um programa de Ensino que reúne doutores de diferentes áreas da Física. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada na análise documental dos CV Lattes de todos os professores credenciados como permanentes e colaboradores nos polos das regiões estudadas. Como resultado verificou-se que o corpo docente é majoritariamente masculina e grande parte têm formação em Física e áreas afins no doutorado. São tecidas discussões sobre a questão da baixa representatividade de mulheres no corpo docente do MNPEF e sobre a sua formação acadêmica, evidenciando as diversas áreas de conhecimento que estão presentes nos polos analisados. Procurou-se também investigar se poderia existir alguma relação entre a área de formação dos docentes e a quantidade de orientações concluídas em um polo representativo de cada região. Não foi possível indicar nenhuma previsão ou alguma relação específica entre estes pontos de investigação, mas verificou-se que o docente com o maior número de orientações concluídas em ambos os polos tem formação em Educação. Indica-se para esta questão a necessidade de mais estudos.
Objective vs. Subjective Fuel Poverty and Self-assessed Health
Authors: Llorca Manuel , Rodriguez-Alvarez Ana , Jamasb Tooraj
Published: January 2024

Identification of fuel poverty and its impact on individuals is a growing social issue. Classifying households using subjective measures of fuel poverty yields different results than when objective measures are used. Moreover, there are assessment-related difficulties in establishing the effects on health and wellbeing, which hinders policy design to tackle this problem. We analyse the influence of several socioeconomic characteristics on self-reported health with special focus on fuel poverty and find that poor housing conditions, low income, material deprivation and fuel poverty have a negative impact on health.
Prevalence of gastric hypomotility after additional cryoballoon ablation of the left atrial roof through the left atrial posterior wall
Authors: Shigeta Takatoshi , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Oda Atsuhito , Tachibana Shinichi , Hirao Tatsuhiko , Nakamura Rena , Yoshida Hiroshi , Okishige Kaoru , Goya Masahiko , Sasano Tetsuo
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Gastric hypomotility (GH) is a major complication of
atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. We aimed to clarify whether
additional cryoballoon ablation (CBA) of the left atrial (LA) roof is
associated with GH. Methods and Results: This study included 54 patients
with non-paroxysmal AF who underwent CBA for pulmonary vein isolation
and of the LA roof line. GH was defined according to the results of
esophagogastroscopy performed 2 days after ablation. GH was observed in
10 patients. There were significant differences in LA diameter (LAD),
right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) diameter, and the height of the LA
roof from the point where the LA posterior wall and esophagus make
contact between patients with (GH+) and without GH (GH–) (LAD: 41.0
[36.3–41.8] mm vs. 46.5 [42.8–50.0] mm, p<0.01; RIPV
diameter: 19.7 [19.0–20.5] mm vs. 23.2 [21.2–24.9] mm,
p<0.01; height of LA roof: 5.7 [5.1–6.1] mm vs. 8.8
[7.1–11.2] mm for, p<0.01, respectively). Multivariate
analysis revealed that LA roof height was a predictor of GH. Moreover,
Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders-Symptom Severity
Index (PAGI-SYM) scores increased significantly 1 week after ablation
(from 1.0 [0.0–2.8] to 5.0 [3.0–11.0], p=0.03) in patients
with GH. Conclusion: The height of the LA roof may be a predictor of GH
after CBA of the LA roof line. Additionally, GH-related symptoms may
still appear 1 week after ablation.
Nomogram for predicting survival of renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus based on perioperative clinicopathological factors from a Chinese high-volume center
Authors: Li Yuxuan , Liu Zhuo , Zhao Xiaoyu , Hong Peng , Zhao Xun , Zhu Guodong , Tang Shiying , Ge Liyuan , Zhang Shudong , Liu Cheng , Wang Shumin , Zhang Hongxian , Ma Lulin
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To investigate perioperative clinicopathological predictors and
establish a predictive nomogram for survival in patients with renal cell
carcinoma (RCC) and venous tumor thrombus (VTT) undergoing nephrectomy
and thrombectomy. Methods: Patients with RCC and VTT undergoing
nephrectomy and thrombectomy were included in the study between January
2014 and June 2020. Cox regression analysis was used for univariate and
multivariate survival analyses. A predictive nomogram for survival was
established and internally validated using bootstrap resampling method.
Results: A total of 223 patients were included in this study. The median
age was 60 years (IQR, 53–66 years), consisting of 171(76.7%) males
and 52(23.3%) females. The median follow-up time was 17.0 months
(range, 1-74 months), 26.5% (59 of 223) patients died of all causes. In
multivariable analysis, hemoglobin less than the low limit of normal
(HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.01–2.95; P =0.045), sarcomatoid feature (HR,
3.67; 95% CI, 1.98–6.83; P<0.001), perirenal fat invasion
(HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.04–3.08; P=0.034), histological subtype (HR,
2.74; 95% CI, 1.39–5.42; P=0.004), and metastasis at surgery (HR,
1.71; 95% CI, 1.01–2.91; P =0.047) were independent predictors of
overall survival. The result of internal validation presented that the
predictive performance of the nomogram for survival measured by C-index
was 0.77. Conclusions: We developed a predictive nomogram with well
internal validation for survival in patients with RCC and VTT, which can
greatly promote risk stratification and treatment planning, as well as
more accurate selection criteria for clinical trials of adjuvant
therapies. External validation is still required to assess its universal
applicability.
Synthesis of a core-shell system of Citral-encapsulated PNIPAm by using a simple strategy for bamboo anti-mold treatment
Authors: Peng Rui , Du Chungui , Hu Ailian , Li Qi , Zhang Jingjing , Zhang Weigang , Sun Fangli
Published: January 2024

Bamboo is a widely used renewable and degradable biomass material;
however, its sustainable utilisation is hindered by its susceptibility
to mold. The current bamboo anti-mold technology is mainly based on
organic chemical agents; these agents can easily induce mold resistance
with long-term use, albeit some of these chemical agents have poor
environmental performance, which in turn adversely affects human health.
In the present study, a strategy of soap-free emulsion polymerisation
was adopted to prepare poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm)/Citral
nanohydrogel by encapsulating natural antibiotic of Citral in PNIPAm,
followed by anti-mold treatment of bamboo. Results revealed that this
nanohydrogels exhibit a core–shell system which Citral as the ‘core’
and PNIPAm as the ‘shellʼ. After the high-pressure impregnation of
nanohydrogel, the control efficacy of bamboo against common bamboo
molds, reached 100%, with the required concentration of PNIPAm/Citral
being >6 times lower than that of unencapsulated Citral.
Efficient photothermal-assisted removal of pollutants in wastewater by a bilayer aerogel
Authors: Meng Fantao , Zhang Yuang , Zhang Shufen , Ju Benzhi , Tang Bingtao
Published: January 2024

Photothermal-assisted water purification is a promising and sustainable
scheme to the global clean water crisis. In this work, we report a
custom-tailored bilayer photothermal aerogel to integrate multiple
purification mechanisms through a cost-effective route. It is composed
of a bottom layer of polyethylenimine-modified chitosan (PEI-CS) and an
upper layer of CuS nanoflower/reduced graphene oxide (CuS/rGO)
composites. Benefiting from the vertically aligned microchannels, PEI-CS
scaffold exhibits rapid capillary pumping characteristics for water
transport, and absorbs heavy metal ions by forming chelating bonds with
excess hydroxyl and amino groups. With a facile spraying fabrication,
the spatial distribution of CuS/rGO is rationally controlled to improve
the upper thermal localization. More practically, the harnessed solar
energy can be utilized by CuS/rGO nanoheterostructure with pronounced
charge separation for photocatalytic degradation in parallel to
efficient vapor generation. The low-cost raw materials, scalable
fabrication, and multifunctionality make the bilayer aerogel be
potentially applied in wastewater remediation.
Monoclonal Antibody-Light chain CDR1/Spike Glycoprotein Receptor Binding Domain Dissociation Explains Antibody Escape Mechanism in L452R-SARS-CoV-2
Authors: omotuyi olaposi , Nash Oyekanmi , Oyinloye babatunji , Popoola Mustapha , Ajayi Ayodele , UKwenya Victor
Published: January 2024

Most of the well-characterized innate antibodies elicited by exposure to
SARS-CoV-2 or a vaccine targets the spike glycoprotein receptor-binding
domain (RDB) which doubles as the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2,
receptor) binding. RBD mutation is therefore a potential health concern
in COVID-19 pandemic. RBD-L452R-SARS-CoV-2 exhibits increased
transmissibility and immune evasion with an unknown underlying
mechanisms. The immune evasion mechanism was investigated here. in R452,
loss of hydrophobic interaction between RBD-L452/HCDR3-I103 disrupts
RBD-E484/heavy-chain-R112 salt-bridge, and cation-π interaction between
RBD-E484/mAB-Y32(LcCDR1). Unburied RBD flips ~64° from
the antibody plane, losing all interaction with the mAB light chain-CDR;
thus, making ternary complex thermodynamically unstable.
Crosstalk Between Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitors and Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger- 1 and 3 in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Authors: Al-Shamasi Al-Anood , Elkaffash Rozina , Mohamed Meram , Rayan Menatallah , Al-Khater Dhabya , Gadeau Alain , Ahmed Rashid , Hasan Anwarul , Eldassouki Hussein , Yalcin Huseyin , Abdul-Ghani Muhammad , Mraiche Fatima
Published: January 2024

The hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is abnormal glucose
homeostasis due to hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance. Metabolic
abnormalities in T2DM lead to cellular dysfunction and the development
of diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. New antihyperglycemic
agents, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the
sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown to
attenuate endothelial dysfunction at the cellular level. In addition,
they showed cardiovascular safety and cardioprotective effects. How
these drugs exert their cardioprotective effects is unknown, although
recent studies show that cardiovascular homeostasis occurs through the
interplay of the sodium hydrogen exchangers (NHE), specifically NHE1 and
NHE3 with SGLT2i. Another theoretical explanation for the SGLT2i
cardioprotective effects is through natriuresis by the kidney. This
theory highlights the possible involvement of renal NHE transporters in
the management of heart failure. This review outlines possible
mechanisms predisposing to diabetic cardiomyopathy and discusses the
interaction between NHE and SGLT2i in cardiovascular disease.
Differential mRNA and Long Noncoding RNA Expression Profiles in Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients by Bioinformatics
Authors: Jing Xia , Mengjie Wang , Yi Zhu , Chaozhi Bu , Tianyu Li
Published: January 2024

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nt that
are involved in the pathogenesis and development of various cancers
including B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B–ALL). To determine
whether lncRNAs are involved in B-ALL, we analyzed the expression
profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in B-ALL. We performed RNA sequencing of 10
non-leukemic blood disease donors and 10 B-ALL patients for Gene
Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
analysis. Interactions among mRNAs were predicted using the STRING
database. The RNA-seq data of lncRNAs and mRNAs were validated using
reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Potential functions of subtype-specific lncRNAs were determined by using
coexpression-based analysis on distally (trans-pattern) located
protein-coding genes. A total of 1813 differentially expressed genes
(DEGs) and 2203 lncRNAs were identified. Moreover, 10 dysregulated
lncRNAs and 10 mRNAs were randomly selected, and further assessed by
RT-qPCR in vitro. Go and KEGG analysis demonstrated that the
differentially expressed mRNAs were most closely associated with myeloid
leukocyte activation and in transcriptional misregulation in cancer,
respectively. In addition, co-expression analysis demonstrated that
these lncRNAs, including MSTRG.27994.3, MSTRG.21740.1, ENST00000456341,
MSTRG.14224.1 and MSTRG.20153.1, may mediate the pathogenesis and
development of B-ALL via lncRNA-mRNA network interactions. These results
showed that several mRNAs and lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the
bone marrow of B-ALL patients and play potential roles in B-ALL
development, and be useful for diagnostic and/or prognostic purposes in
pediatric B–ALL.
The Effect of Host Risk Factors in Determining the Mortality in Covid 19 Pneumonia and a Novel Covid-19 Mortality Index: Co-AMSCA
Authors: Gayaf Mine , Anar Ceyda , Güldaval Filiz , Karadeniz Gülistan , Polat GÜLRU , ayrancı aysu , batum özgür , Tatar Dursun , Cirak Ali Kadri
Published: January 2024

Aim:The purpose of this study was to determine the host risk factors
associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized for
pneumonia, and also, to find a COVID-19 mortality score based on these.
Methods:All patients diagnosed as confirmed or probable COVID-19
pneumonia whom hospitalised in our Chest Diseases Education and Research
Hospital between March 11, 2020 and October 1,2020 were enrolled. The
optimal cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity values and odds
ratios to be used in mortality prediction of the novel scoring system
created from these parameters were calculated by ROC analysis according
to the area under the curve and Youden index. Results:Over 422 patients
(n: 51 mortal, n: 371 survivors) univariate regression analysis showed
that age, male gender, smoking, comorbidity, and using ACE inhibitor
were prognostic host risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality. Using
this analysis, a novel scoring model Co-AMSCA (Age, Male, Smoking
history, Comorbidity, ACE inh)was established. The cut-off value of this
scoring system (including only host risk factors), which determines the
mortality risk in patients, was 3.5 points with 88.4% sensitivity and
65.5 % specificity (AUC = 0.761, 95% CI 0.697-0.826, P <
.001) (Figure 1). The mortality risk in patients with a Co-AMSCA
mortality score above 3.5 points was 7.8 times higher than patients with
lower than 3.5 (OR= 7.8; P < .001).In multivariate logistic
regression analysis, older age and smoking (smoker/ex-smoker) were found
to be important risk factors for mortality (OR = 12.09; 95% CI
2,564-57,054 P =0.004 and OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1,381-7,295; P =
0.007,respectively). Counclusion:We created a simple mortality score,
which is easily calculated and does not require laboratory and time.This
study showed that by using Co-AMSCA mortality score that has only host
risk factors achieved a prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients who
are hospitalized for pneumonia.
PD-1/PD-L1 and PD-1/PD-L2 axes-targeted anti-leishmanial therapy
Authors: Jafarzadeh Abdollah , Kumar Sunil , Bodhale Neelam , Jafarzadeh Sarah , Nemati Maryam , Sharifi Iraj , Sarkar Arup , SAHA BHASKAR
Published: January 2024

Although programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is expressed on CD4+ T,
CD8+ T and B cells, the T cell expression of PD-1 and macrophages’
expression of its ligands- PD-L1 and PD-L2 increase during
leishmaniasis. The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction induces T cell anergy, T cell
apoptosis and exhaustion, diversion of T cells toward TH2 and T-reg
cells and inhibition of M1 macrophage activities by suppression of
nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These
changes exacerbate Leishmania infection. As PD-L1-deficient, but not
PD-L2-deficient, mice were protected against L. mexicana infection,
differential roles have been proposed for PD-L1 and PD-L2 in mouse
models of leishmaniasis. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction in various
in vitro and Leishmania-infected mouse, hamster and dog models enhanced
IFN-γ and NO production, reduced IL-10 and TGF-β generation, promoted T
cell proliferation and decreased parasite burden. Blockage of PD-1/PD-L1
axis can be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy to restore
protective immunity during leishmaniasis, particularly in drug-resistant
cases.
Enterogyrus spp. (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalinae) and Aeromonas jandaei co-infection associated with high mortality following transport stress in cultured Nile tilapia
Authors: Assane Inácio Mateus , Prada-Mejia Karen Dayana , Gallani Sílvia Umeda , Weiser Natasha Fernandes , Valladão Gustavo Moraes Ramos , Pilarski Fabiana
Published: January 2024

Monogenean infection of the internal organs is extremely rare when
compared to external infections. This study describes mass mortality of
Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus L.) originating from
co-infection with Enterogyrus spp. and Aeromonas jandaei
following transport stress. The first fish deaths occurred on day 1
post-transport, while cumulative mortality reached approximately 90% by
day 10 post-stocking. An atypical amount of pale (whitish) faeces
floating on the surface of the water as well as typical clinical signs
of motile Aeromonas septicemia, were reported. Adult monogeneans
and countless eggs of monogeneans were found in the stomachs and the
intestines of both moribund and dead fish, respectively. Two strains of
A. jandaei were isolated from the kidneys. Scanning electron
microscope microphotographs of the stomach revealed the presence of
numerous monogeneans penetrating deep into the gastric tissue, and
diffuse lesions filled with bacilliform bacteria. Histopathological
examination showed multifocal eosinophilic infiltrate, gastric gland and
epithelial necrosis with sloughed necrotic debris in the lumen. This is
the first report of co-infection by Enterogyrus spp. and A.
jandaei in Nile tilapia and the first report of E. coronatus,
E. foratus, and E. malbergi parasitizing tilapia in
Brazil. These findings indicate that synergic co-infection by Monogenean
stomach parasites ( E. coronatus, E. foratus, and E.
malbergi) and A. jandaei may induce high mortalities in tilapia
following transport stress.
Is Tenofovir Disoproxil Nephrotoxic in All Patients? Long-Term Effects of Tenofovir and Entecavir on Renal Functions in an Endemic Area.
Authors: Kılıc Jehat , Ucmak Feyzullah , KILIÇ Delyadıl Karakaş , Ekin Nazım , Ebik Berat
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Hepatit B virus (HBV) is one of the main causes of liver
related morbidity and mortality in worldwide. This condition is also a
significant healthcare problem in Turkey. Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir
(TDF) are potent nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) recommended for the
treatment of chronic HBV (CHB) infection. As the data on this topic is
limited, we aimed to study the association of NAs and nephrotoxicity in
our CHB cohort. Method: Between the January 2011 and February 2016,
there were 294 patients who had been treated with TDF (n=194) and ETV
(n=100). Clinical and laboratory data such as demographics, serological
markers for HBV, pathology scores and routine blood tests were recorded
from the charts. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by
using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) method. Kidney
function tests were assessed at baseline and follow-up visits. Results:
There were 294 patients in the total group. The mean age was 32±11
years, 66% (n=194) of the group was male. The mean follow-up period was
66±18 months. Age and sex distributions and baseline assessments
including liver function tests, creatinine, GFR, HBV DNA values and
pathology scores (HAI and fibrosis) were similar between TDF (n=194) and
ETV (n=100) groups. Creatinin and GFR assessed at the last visit were
0.81±0.01 g/dl and 102.94+19.78 ml/min for TDF and 0.81±0.013 g/dl and
104.65±19.05 ml/min for ETV. These values were not significant between
the both treatment groups. In terms of nephrotoxicity, none of the
patients had significant changes in terms of creatinine and GFR that may
require dose adjustment. Conclusion: Herein we showed that the use of
both drugs led to a decrease in GFR that was not clinically important in
chronic hepatitis B patients with normal baseline renal tests and
without co-morbidity. Key words: Entecavir, Tenofovir, GFR, Chronic
hepatitis B
Justification for Anti-Anatomic Positioning of Bileaflet Mechanical Mitral Valves
Authors: Dagher Olina , Prusinkiewicz christopher , Bizios Anna , Kidd William
Published: January 2024

In the early 1980s, implantation of bileaflet mechanical mitral valves
(MMVs) in the anatomical plane was found to be associated with
incomplete closure of the posterior leaflet, resulting in a higher
incidence of valve thrombosis. This phenomenon, coined as the “lazy”
leaflet, was avoided with anti-anatomical orientation. This historical
observation helped standardize the implantation technique, but
variability in surgical practice for leaflet orientation persists. The
latter might have been increasing since rotatable cuff designs became
available on newer generation models of MMVs. Indeed, this feature makes
it tempting to prioritize a perfect custom prosthetic fit at the expense
of proper orientation. We present the case of a young woman with
rheumatic mitral valve disease in whom an On-X MMV was rotated in the
anatomical plane, resulting in a limited excursion of the posterior
occluder. This case illustrates that anti-anatomical implantation should
still be favored with new-generation MMV models.
Comparison of renal cell cancer surgery during Covid-19 pandemic with prepandemic period, Turkey multicenter study
Authors: Gurel Abdullah , Baylan Burhan , Keles Ibrahim , Öztekin Ünal , Demirbas Arif , Karalar Mustafa , özen ata , Ulusoy Kemal , Yilmaz Mehmet , Ersekerci Erol , Elmaagac Burak , Sulhan Hasan , Dogan Ahmet Emin , Altan Mehmet , Keske Murat , Karadag Mert Ali
Published: January 2024

Aim COVID-19 pandemic changed the priorities in medical field. Many
elective surgeries for renal cell cancers (RCC) have been postponed. In
this study, we aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on
the surgical treatment of RCC in Turkey. Methods 457 patients that
underwent surgery for kidney tumor in the 2-year period between March 1,
2019 and February 28, 2021 in 9 centers in Turkey were analyzed
retrospectively. Results The number of surgical treatments for RCC
during the COVID-19 pandemic has decreased significantly compared to the
same period before COVID-19. No significant differences were found
between the two periods in terms of admission symptoms (p=0.32).
However, while the rate of application due to hematuria was 6.1% in the
pre-COVID-19 period, it was 13.1% during the COVID-19 period. Despite
not being significant, this difference was still proportional. Two study
periods differed significantly in terms of the rate of metastatic RCC
detected in preoperative imaging (13.1% vs 6.1%, during COVID-19 and
pre-COVID-19, respectively) (p=0.01). Moreover, the study periods
differed significantly in terms of time between imaging and operation
(55.98±51.02 vs 40.30±34.9 days, during COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19,
respectively) (p=0.01). However, there was no significant difference
between the two periods in terms of tumor size, type of surgery, and
pathological stage (p>0.05). Conclusion There was a
significant decrease in the number of RCC-related surgeries over 1-year
period during the pandemic. However, the rate of surgery for metastatic
disease increased. Covid-19 is a pandemic that continues to affect the
whole world. Oncological diseases are negative affected in this process
in terms of early diagnosis and treatment.
The future of SARS-CoV-2 in animals: what will be the role of animals in COVID-19 epidemiology?
Authors: Silveira Flávio , Weber Matheus Nunes , Heldt Fagner Henrique , Hansen Alana Witt , Spilki Fernando
Published: January 2024

Animals are common hosts for many coronaviruses where bats and
rodents are commonly regarded as primary reservoirs. The unquestionable
emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) in a yet unknown animal host - in addition with reports of
further anthropogenic spread and sustained transmission in mustelids,
captive felids, and domestic dogs and cats owned by people previously
tested as SARS-CoV-2-positive, rise some concerns about possible
continuous maintenance of the virus in nature and domestic species. In
this review, we discussed the current data about coronaviruses in
domestic and farming animals, recombination events, animal species
susceptibility, virus-cell receptor interactions, and clinical signs of
most relevant Coronaviridae members of each genera. Also, we
present what is known about SARS-CoV-2 in animals and what will be the
potential role of those species in COVID-19 epidemiology. Apparently,
the virus can infect pets on some occasions, where cats look to be more
susceptible than dogs. Thus, pet infection by sick owners is not only
likely but expected given the numerous opportunities for spill-over
during a massive outbreak. Regarded to farm animals, attention should be
focused on breeding species of the Mustelidae family since they
are those that have been shown to be more susceptible in experimental
infections and have also effectively exhibited animal-to-human
transmission. Other intensively bred species such as poultry, swine,
horses and ruminants seem to present little or no epidemiological risk
so far. The continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in animals in close
contact with people with COVID-19 may be a key in the understanding of
this emergent disease and the animal’s role in epidemiology in the
future. It is possible that some species will serve as important
reservoirs and source of infection of COVID-19 for humans making it
re-emergent in the future, as is theoretically proposed for the origin
of SARS-CoV-2.
Potential effects of ozone pollution on crop pollinators and pollination
Authors: Rollin Orianne , Aguirre-Gutierrez Jesus , Kom Izak Yasrebi-de , Garratt Michael , Groot Arjen De , Kleijn David , Potts Simon , Scheper Jeroen , Carvalheiro Luísa
Published: January 2024

Human activities induce strong environmental changes that affect the
quality of air, water and soil and increase the concentrations of
polluting reactive compounds in the troposphere, such as ozone and
nitrogen oxides. These changes can lead to a loss of biodiversity and
alter plant physiology and plant-pollinator interactions, essential for
pollination services, with potential consequences for agricultural
production. Taking into account possible interactive effects with
landscape quality and pesticide input, we investigated how air pollution
(ozone and nitrogen oxides) and other sources of nitrogen is related to
pollinator visitation rate and their contribution to agricultural
production. We showed that ozone modulates the effect of pesticide
exposure on crop pollinators, increasing the probability of negative
impacts on crop pollination. Our results suggest that air pollution may
have unexpected consequences for food safety and highlight the need for
more sustainable transport and manufacturing policies to help safeguard
biodiversity and related food production
Co-infection and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza among COVID-19 cases: A-meta analysis
Authors: Alizadeh Reza , Golpur Monireh , Valadan Reza , Rezaei Msoumeh , Haghshenas Mohammadreza , mousavi tahoora
Published: January 2024

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that
causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health problem
and may have co-infection with other pathogens such as influenza
virus.This study aims to assess the co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with
influenza among COVID-19 cases.The all relevant studies were collected
from international databases. For improving the quality of the present
literature, the all studies were evaluated by two reviewers in order to
confirm all of the studies have inclusion criteria. Finally, all
articles with sufficient quality scores were included in meta-analysis.
Assessment of heterogeneity among the studies of primary studies was
performed using the statistic chi‐squared test (Cochran’s Q) and I2
index. In this results, random or fixed effect model were used for
determination of heterogeneity test. All statistical analyses were
performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA), V.2 software.This
meta- analysis included 9 primary studies investigating the co-infection
of SARS-CoV-2 with influenza among COVID-19 cases. Pooled prevalence
(95% confidence interval) of co-infection is shown that the prevalence
of influenza A is higher than influenza B. 2.3(0.5-9.3) vs 0.1
(0.4-3.3). Using the fixed effect model the frequency of fever was
(80.6% [95% CI 76.1–84.40, p < 0.153]) and it is shown
that fever is the most prevalent symptom in patients.Patients admitted
to hospital with COVID-19 also infected with influenza virus. Thus, the
current research provides a better understanding about the control and
treatment of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the influenza virus.
Recyclable synthesis of isomaltulose using a whole-cell biocatalyst with robust sucrose isomerase
Authors: Hu Mengkai , Liu Fei , Wang Zhi , Shao Minglong , Xu Meijuan , Yang Taowei , Zhang Rongzhen , Zhang Xian , Rao Zhiming
Published: January 2024

Sucrose isomerase (SI), catalysis sucrose to isomaltulose, has been
wildly used in industrial production of isomaltulose. Here, rational
design of Pantoea dispersa SI for improving its thermostability by
predicting and substituting the unstable amino acid residues was studied
using the computational-aided predictor FoldX. Through the mutation
pool, two mutants of SI (V280L, S499F) displayed favorable
characteristics on thermostability. The double mutant V280L/S499F were
further constructed and showed prolonged half-life at 45 ℃, about 9-fold
compared to the wild-type. Accordingly, the melting temperature of
mutant V280L/S499F was improved to 54.2 ℃. To determine the recyclable
ability of mutant V280L/S499F to bioconversion of isomaltulose,
recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum/pXMJ19/pdsiV280L/S499F was
constructed and repeated batch conversion was performed in a 5 L
bioreactor. The results shown that the maximum yield of isomaltulose by
batch conversion reached to 451 g/L with a productivity of 45.1 g/L/h,
and the conversion rate remained 83.2 ± 2.1% even after 15 repeated
batches of biocatalysis. Structure-based molecule molding revealed that
the interiors of mutant V280L/S499F was more tightly packed in ɑ-9 fold
and a new hydrophobic network was formed in ɑ-17, which combined
contributed to improving its thermostability. This work provides new
reference for the sustainable production of isomaltulose.
REVIEW PROTOCOL: THE IMPACT OF PHYSICIAN WELFARE ON PUBLICLY FUNDED HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS: A META-AGGREGATIVE APPROACH
Authors: Williams Maria-Nina
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The impact of healthcare workplace factors on how they
affect the welfare of physicians has been studied and discussed quite
extensively, but little exists in the literature on how the welfare of
physicians impacts upon different aspects of the healthcare system and
healthcare delivery. This protocol maps out a systematic plan of a
review of the existing literature, adopting a meta-aggregative approach
to find, extract, organize and synthesize what evidence exists in the
literature, to inform relevant policy decisions. Methods: The main
review question is “What is the impact of physicians’ welfare, from the
perspective of physicians, on publicly funded healthcare systems?” The
approach has been reflected in the choice of methods for this systematic
review. Both qualitative studies and the qualitative elements of mixed
methodology studies will be included, and the data extracted will be
thematically analysed. Processes to ensure methodological rigour and
quality assurance have been incorporated into the protocol, which will
be piloted and the review itself will be carried out by at least 2
reviewers. Results The results of this review will be published as soon
as the review has been completed. Conclusion It is important to document
and share review protocols as good practice for transparency of research
and to prevent duplication of research efforts.
Power of play therapy: Does Play Therapy Have an Effect on Pain in Peripheral Venous Catheterization Applied to Children?
Authors: Yıldız Halime , Avşar Gülçin
Published: January 2024

Background: This research was conducted as a quasi-experimental study to
determine the effect of play therapy on pain in peripheral venous
catheterization applied to children. Method: The universe of the study
consisted of patients between the ages of 3-6 who were hospitalized in
the pediatric service of a hospital between June 2019 and August 2019.
In the study, 57 patients constituted the sample size by using simple
random sampling method and by performing power analysis. While those who
participated in the first peripheral venous catheterization procedure
constituted the control group, those who participated in the second
peripheral venous catheterization process constituted the experimental
group. Results: In the peripheral venous catheterization applied to the
patients, a significant difference was found between the test results of
the control group and the experimental group Wong-Baker and Flacc Pain
Scales. (p <0.001). It was determined that the experimental
group Wong-Baker and Flacc Pain Scale scores of the patients were lower
than the scores of the control group Wong-Baker and Flacc Pain Scales.
In the peripheral venous catheterization applied to the patients, a
significant difference was found between the control group and the
experimental group Flacc Pain Scale sub-dimension results (p
<0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, p
<0.001, p <0.001, respectively). Conclusions: In the
study, it was observed that the pain levels of play therapy in
peripheral venous catheterization of children were significantly reduced
with play therapy.
When last means least: Implications of Google Scholar citation errors
Authors: Toomey Anne , Martín-Martín Alberto , López-Cózar Emilio Delgado , Murphy Greg , Almodovar M.D. , Maas Bea
Published: January 2024

Google Scholar (GS) is the most commonly used tool for literature
searches and obtaining citations among researchers across all academic
fields, including in the fields of ecology and conservation. However,
recent analyses of GS citation outputs have found a high degree of
inaccuracy, especially with regard to last authors, which for some
disciplines (e.g. biomedicine, ecology) are of equal or even greater
weight than first authors in terms of leadership on the work. As the
average scientific paper has five or more authors, the order and
visibility of listed names is of importance for academic recognition and
promotion. This is also concerning as the last author may also be the
corresponding author: the primary point of contact for the research and
the leader of the research group. In this article we describe common
errors with the Google Scholar citation function and the impact this can
have on the visibility of scholarly work.
Association between NUDT15 rs116855232T/C Genetic Polymorphism and Mercaptopurine Toxicity in Syrian Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad , Saifo Maher , Aljamali Majd , Ghanem Khaled
Published: January 2024

Purpose: NUDT15 genetic polymorphism is known to be associated with
frequent hematopoietic toxicities during acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL) mercaptopurine therapy. The aim of this study is to test this
association in a group of Syrian children with ALL, in addition to
quantify the prevalence of the corresponding SNP in patient population.
Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study that included all
children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia reaching at least 6 months of
maintenance therapy between January 2018 and May 2020 at two recruitment
sites in Damascus, Syria. The NUDT15 rs116855232 genetic polymorphism
was performed and linked to four clinical factors: mercaptopurine dose
intensity, early onset leukopenia, hepatotoxicity and therapy
interruption. Results: A total of 92 patients were enrolled (63.04%
low-risk, 25% intermediate-risk and 11.96% high-risk). The TC genotype
was found in 5 patients (5.4%) and the TT genotype was found in 1
patient (1.08%), with the following allele frequency: C=0.961 and
T=0.038. The mercaptopurine dose intensity was 81.98%, 65.85% and
4.99% for the genotypes CC, TC and TT respectively (P: 0.0174). A
significant association was found between early onset neutropenia and
NUDT15 polymorphism (TC or TT), OR: 6.82 (95% CI: 1.22-38.11, P:
0.043). No association was found between NUDT15 polymorphism and therapy
interruption or hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: Our study confirms that
NUDT15 rs116855232 polymorphism is associated with mercaptopurine
hematopoietic toxicity but not with hepatotoxicity or therapy
interruption in a population of Syrian children with ALL. The incidence
seems to be higher than neighboring countries.
A new ELISA for quantifying Na,K-ATPase proteins across a wide range of taxa and sample sources
Authors: Löptien Jana , Dobler Susanne , Mohammadi Shabnam
Published: January 2024

Large transmembrane proteins are difficult to quantify with traditional
methods due to their low binding affinity to traditional assay dyes
(e.g., Bradford and Lowry assays). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
(ELISAs) provide higher quantification specificity for such proteins. An
ELISA can detect a specific protein in a heterogenous sample. However,
commercially available ELISAs are limited to a few model organisms and
are highly dependent on the source of the protein and the isolation
method used. Here we provide a solution to these problems with a
versatile and readily reproducible indirect ELISA that relatively
quantifies the transmembrane protein Na,K-ATPase (NKA). The NKA has
become a model for studying the evolutionary ecology of plant-herbivore
and predator-prey interactions, but functional studies of the proteins
have been hindered by the lack of robust quantification methods. In our
ELISA, the antigen is directly coated to the surface of a well in a
96-well plate, the primary antibody is used for detection, and an
enzyme-linked secondary antibody is used for signal amplification and
colorimetric detection. Two factors make this ELISA highly applicable
across a wide range of species and protein sources: (1) the use of a
commercially available antibody that binds universally across the animal
kingdom and (2) the production of a malleable relative standard that can
be adapted to various sample types (species and protein source).
Comparisons of in vitro enzyme assays performed based on traditional
protein quantification methods vs. our ELISA reveal that the ELISA
consistently provides more robust NKA quantification necessary for
subsequent functional data.
The Elusive Atrioesophageal Fistula: An Approach to Prevent Diagnostic and Therapeutic Delays
Authors: Wilson Zachary , Khan Ahad , Morris Michael , Amabile Orazio , Bahu Marwan , Uppalapu Suresh
Published: January 2024

This case of a 32 year-old-man with recent radiofrequency ablation
presenting with chest pain highlights the diagnostic challenge of
atrioesophageal fistulas. Management should include blood cultures,
complete blood count, serial computed tomography of the chest with
intravenous and oral contrast, broad spectrum antibiotics and referral
to a cardiothoracic surgeon.
Factors contributing to home delivery in Musanze: A Community based cross-sectional study
Authors: NIZEYIMANA Fidele , SINGIRANKABO Vital , Muhammad Akram , MUTABAZI Placide , Fikry Elbossaty Walaa
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the factors contributing to home delivery.
Design: The study was cross-sectional. Setting: The study was
quantitative and was conducted in all villages of Musanze sector which
has home delivery. Data were collected going house to house for mothers
who delivered at home. Data were collected using
interviewer-administered questionnaire. Sample: All 38 women who
delivered at home in 2016-2017 were enrolled in the study. Methods: To
know who were delivered at home, researcher takes a copy of monthly
reports of CHWs for each village & draw villages which had reported
home delivery in the studies period. Before distributing questionnaire,
the researcher asked the mother if she had delivered at home for the
reported month and if she agrees, the researcher continues with the
questionnaire distribution. Main outcome measures: Many factors finds
contributing to home delivery. Those include cultural, social and
financial factors. Results: The study finds that 23.7% of mothers who
delivered at home had a high risk pregnancy, 23.7% had not a health
insurance, 63.1% delivered during the night & 23.7% delivered during
the rain fall. 29% have not visited by a CHW when they were pregnant,
10.6% have attended any ANC visit & 10.6% were accustomed to home
delivery. Conclusion: Mobilization of pregnant mother to come hosting at
the health facility one week before the expected delivery date,
mobilization on health risk related to home delivery, high risk
pregnancy and to avail the means of transport for women who start labor
at home. Findings: Authors’ fees
Cold simulation analysis of flow characteristics of high-temperature mixture in a moving-bed reactor
Authors: Zhang Yaqing , Zhu Jialong , Liang Peng , Jiao Tiantian , Li Xiangping
Published: January 2024

This study describes the flow characteristics of solid-solid mixed
particles in a cold two-dimensional moving bed. The results indicate
that flow characteristics of mixed particles in the quartz sand–coal
system are better than those in the cold CFB ash–coal system. The
optimized conditions were obtained, θ2 = 20° and a heat carrier to coal
ratio of 6:1. As the mixture progressed downstream, secondary separation
of the heat carrier and coal become apparent. Furthermore, mixture
residence times have been investigated to explore the relationship
between regional residence times and to predict accurately the actual
pyrolysis progress in pyrolyzer.
The feature of migration and deoxygenation of radionuclides U(Ⅵ) on genetically recombined bacteria W1
Authors: Shu Yangzhen , Huang Jingwen , Li Shanshan , Cheng Conghui , Peng Guowen , Xiao Fangzhu
Published: January 2024

Hoping resolve uranium release caused many harmful environmental impacts
by genetic engineering bacteria, which is considered desirable and an
innovative environmental-friendly water remediation strategy. Here, we
report the great U deoxygenation potential of E. coli. DH5α W1 which was
introduced the Dsr A gene of sulfate-reducing bacteria to strengthen its
deoxygenation performance for deoxygenating U (VI) to U (IV) and
reducing it’s toxic. In static adsorption, the bacteria will undergo a
release phenomenon immediately after a super-adsorption stage, but the
process of U(VI) deoxygenation was not affected. Through TEM, XPS and
FTIR, infer feature of U(Ⅵ) how to migration and deoxygenation in the
cell. The cells can reach up to 23.65 mmol of U per g of bacterial wet
biomass through active biosorption to enrich U, at 90min, the U (IV)
content in the bacteria can account for as high as 94% of the
bio-immobilized U (VI). Results presented in this work will help to
understand bioaccumulation characteristics better of strong
deoxygenation bacteria and create an effective material to remove U.
Characterization of Internal Thermo-Hydraulic Flow and Heat Transfer Improvement in a Three-Dimensional Circular Corrugated Tube Surfaces Based on Numerical Simulation and Design of Experiment
Authors: Al-Obaidi Ahmed
Published: January 2024

The effect of different tubes geometrical parameters on its flow field
analysis and thermal heat transfer performance are investigated in
current research work. The hydraulic thermal fluid coupling with
computational simulations are applied. The numerical results are solving
used flow transport and heat transfer equations then these results are
validated with available experimental data. Behaviour of hydraulic and
thermal flow in the corrugated tube are discussed with different
geometrical parameters position and shape. Turbulent flow in tube is
calculated in 3D numerical simulations with optimisation of
multi-objective algorithm are analysed. The influences of various design
parameters for instance, number of corrugated rings around tube,
distance between each corrugated ring, diameter of ring and pitch of
ring are investigated firstly in flow field and then optimised by using
design of experiment (DOE). The influence of flow structural
modifications such as static pressure, dynamic pressure, and pressure
drop are taken into consideration as analysed performance parameters.
DOE Method is investigated based on implements and variances the L16
orthogonal arrays is chosen as the experimental strategy. Furthermore,
the optimisation results found that the maximum value of pressure
difference was for corrugated diameter. The numerical method using DOE
has enhanced heat transfer rate as compared to the smooth pipe. The
outcomes illustrate that the performance evaluation factor (PEF) ratio
of the corrugated pipe with different geometrical configuration is
changed and increased as the corrugated pipe geometrical changed and the
value of PEF is more than 1.3.
Application of local flipped pedicle microflap combined with botulinum toxin A injection in the treatment of refractory laryngeal contact granuloma
Authors: Sun Zihui , Cai Mingjing , Hu Kangjun , Ren Yanyan , Li Guangfei , Zhang Qingxiang , He Shuangba
Published: January 2024

Objective Laryngeal contact granuloma (LCG) is a kind of benign lesion
that related with improper use of voice, habitual throat clearing and
laryngopharyngeal reflux. Under 3 months standardized treatment, those
who have no improvement or disease recurrence are called refractory LCG.
The purpose of this study was to explore an advanced surgical method
with local flipped pedicle microflap combined with botulinum toxin A
injection in the treatment of refractory LCG. Design A retrospectively
analysed of totally 11 patients with refractory LCG from January 2018 to
December 2020. After CO2 laser granuloma resection with local flipped
pedicle microflap combined with botulinum toxin A injection, the
patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation to
evaluate the effect of the surgery. Descriptive statistical methods were
used to analyze and summarize the improvement of postoperative symptoms
and signs of laryngoscope. Results During follow-up, 4 of 11 patients
had residual pseudomembrane under the electronic laryngoscope, and had
smooth mucosa when subsequent follow-up. The remaining 7 cases of
electronic laryngoscope granuloma disappeared. Up to now their symptoms
disappeared, and there were no systemic and local complications.
Conclusion CO2 laser granuloma resection with local flipped pedicle
microflap combined with botulinum toxin A injection can achieve the
lesion clearance, restore the integrity of vocal fold cover-body,
preserve the perichondrium, and reserve a time window for microflap
recovery. It is based on the principle of preserving normal mucosa, with
high cure rate and no recurrence. It is worthy of clinical promotion.