bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Full arch rehabilitation in patients with atrophic upper jaws with zygomatic implants: a systematic review
Authors: Gracher Ana Helena Pereira , de Moura Marcos Boaventura , da Silva Peres Patrícia , Thomé Geninho , Padovan Luís Eduardo Marques , Trojan Larissa Carvalho
Published: February 2021

Background

The main objective of this systematic review was to present the outcomes of the treatment with zygomatic implants (ZIs) in the rehabilitations of atrophic upper jaw.

Findings

An electronic database search in PubMed, along with a manual search, taking into account language and study period, was performed by two observers; any type of clinical trial and series that included the use of ZIs was used. In the search strategy, the following search terms were used: zygom* AND dental (Implant OR implants) AND edentulous NOT (biomechanic* OR finite element) NOT cadaver. The search was limited to English language, full text, and humans. Literature reviews and clinical case reports were not considered. Forty-two articles published between March 2003 and April 2019 were included in this analysis. The cases of 1247 patients were recovered; these patients received 2919 ZIs. Fifty-two ZIs were removed during the follow-up time. The survival rate of these implants was 98.22%, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month and a maximum of 228 months. Different surgical techniques were used to place ZIs; however, the intrasinusal technique was the most used (23 studies). Post-surgical sinusitis was the most common complication reported in the studies (39 cases).

Conclusions

Based on this review, ZIs were commonly used for rehabilitation of patients with atrophic upper jaw. The survival rates presented were high, and the surgical technique is dependent on the professional experience and the local anatomy. However, it needed additional clinical evidence on bone resorption, esthetic outcomes, and physiological characteristics.
Sliding mode controller design for frequency regulation in an interconnected power system
Authors: Kumar Anand , Anwar Md Nishat , Kumar Shekhar
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a Sliding mode controller design method for frequency regulation in an interconnected power system is presented. A sliding surface having four parameters has been selected for the load frequency control (LFC) system model. In order to achieve an optimal result, the parameter of the controller is obtained by grey wolf optimization (GWO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques. The objective function for optimization has been considered as the integral of square of error of deviation in frequency and tie-line power exchange. The method has been validated through simulation of a single area as well as a multi-area power system. The performance of the Sliding mode controller has also been analyzed for parametric variation and random loading patterns. The performance of the proposed method is better than recently reported methods. The performance of the proposed Sliding mode controller via GWO has 88.91% improvement in peak value of frequency deviation over the method of Anwar and Pan in case study 1 and similar improvement has been observed over different case studies taken from the literature.
Ventricular late potentials measured by signal-averaged electrocardiogram in young professional soccer players
Authors: Lee Jung Myung , Chung Hyemoon , Kim Hyung-Oh , Woo Jong-Shin , Kim Soo Joong , Kim Weon , Kim Woo Shik , Kim Jin-Bae
Published: February 2021

Background and objectives

Athlete’s heart is characterized by structural cardiac changes, including enlargement and hypertrophy. However, exercise-induced cardiac electrical remodeling is not well known in Asian athletes. We sought to evaluate the association between vigorous exercise and the development of abnormal late potential on signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG).

Method

We analyzed 48 Korean professional soccer players and 71 healthy sedentary controls who underwent SAECG and transthoracic echocardiography at Kyung Hee University Hospital. An SAECG was considered abnormal (positive for ventricular late potential) when any one of the three following criteria was met: filtered QRS duration > 114 ms, root-mean-square voltage in the terminal 40 ms < 20 uV, or a voltage < 40 uV for more than 38 ms.

Results

Fragmented QRS was more commonly found in athletes (1.4% vs. 10.4%). Athletes demonstrated significantly higher proportion of filtered QRS duration > 114 ms (7.0% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.013) and lower terminal QRS root-mean-square voltage < 20 uV (5.6% vs. 20.8%, P = 0.012). Ventricular late potential on SAECG was significantly more frequent in athletes (15.5% vs. 35.4%, P = 0.012). Regarding echocardiographic parameters, the athletes had larger cardiac chamber size; however, these differences became non-significant after adjustment for body surface area, except left ventricular mass index (65.7 ± 12.7 g/m2 vs. 84.7 ± 17.7 g/m2, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Abnormal SAECG findings were significantly more common in athletes than in controls. Further study is needed to determine the clinical impact of these abnormal SAECGs in athletes and cardiac outcomes in the long term.
Mental vaccines: can resilience and adaptation of vulnerable individuals and populations be enhanced before disasters and crises?
Authors: Halbreich Uriel
Published: February 2021

The worldwide stress that is a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic illuminates the need for mental preventive actions. Such ‘mental vaccines’ should be interdisciplinary and culturally sensitive. They should enhance resilience and adaptation of communities as well as vulnerable individuals.
Trade Shocks and Labor Market Adjustment
Authors: Kim Ryan , Vogel Jonathan
Published: February 2021

We develop a framework to analyze the impact of trade shocks on a range of labor market adjustment margins in economies with a large number of sectors and labor groups. We provide analytic results characterizing equilibria. We show that labor groups earning a greater share of wage income in sectors with relative price declines experience a relative increase in unemployment and nonparticipation and decrease in wages and welfare. Our framework provides a guide for quantitative and empirical investigations into the labor market impacts of trade shocks. (JEL F16, J22, J31, J64)
Consanguinity, inbreeding coefficient, fertility and birth-outcome in population of Okara district, Pakistan
Authors: Nawaz Aqeela , Zaman Muhammad , Malik Sajid
Published: February 2021

Objectives: This study was aimed to illustrate the determents of consanguinity and inbreeding coefficient-F (ICF) in the population of Okara district of Pakistan and to elucidate the impact of consanguinity on fertility and birth outcome.

Methods: Through a cross-sectional sampling design, 1,521 married women were recruited from Okara district during 2016-2017. Data on demographic variables, marital union types, subject’s fertility, and reproductive outcome, were gathered in face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were employed.

Results: The prevalence of consanguineous unions (CU) was calculated to be 61% yielding ICF=0.0356. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that six variables including younger age at marriage, joint family structure, caste-system of spouse, exchange marriage, matrimonial distance, and parental consanguinity, were significant predictors of consanguinity. The women having CU had significantly higher mean fertility, mean live-births and mean live-born sons compared with subjects having non-consanguineous unions (NCU). However, there were no significant differences in the average mortalities, i.e., prenatal, postnatal and <5 years, between the mothers with CU and NCU.

Conclusion: The prevalence of consanguineous unions (CU) in Okara district is quite high like other inbred populations of Pakistan. The striking findings of this study are the higher mean fertility and mean live-births in women with CU. The likely reasons underlying this phenomenon have been discussed.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.2263

How to cite this:Nawaz A, Zaman M, Malik S. Consanguinity, inbreeding coefficient, fertility and birth-outcome in population of Okara district, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):770-775. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.2263

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Prevalence-pattern and risk factors of Cesarean section in a multiethnic cohort
Authors: Murtaza Khadija , Chaudhry Madeeha , Nazeer Shabana , Malik Sajid
Published: February 2021

Objective: This study was aimed to elucidate the prevalence-pattern and determinant of cesarean section (CS) in a multiethnic cohort from Pakistan.

Methods: Through a cross-sectional study design, women delivering at a tertiary care center were recruited during 2013-2017. Data on socio-demographic variables, obstetric complications and birth outcome were obtained. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results: A total of 5,275 pregnant women were recruited and 43% of the deliveries underwent CS. Odds of CS were significantly higher in subjects originating from Azad JammuKashmir and Sindh regions, speaking Potohari and Pahari languages, women in advance ages, and those who were housewives. CS had significantly lower odds of prenatal mortality but increased odds of postnatal mortality. Obstetric factors that appeared to be significant predictors of CS were multiparity, breech position, fetal distress, oligohydroamniosis, preeclampsia, and previous scar.

Conclusion: This study revealed high variability in CS in various socio-demographic strata of study population. The obstetric complications highlighted in this study may be reduced by proper perinatal counseling and pregnancy monitoring and should be the focus of intervention programs as suggested in the Millennium Development Goals.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3186

How to cite this:Murtaza K, Chaudhry M, Nazeer S, Malik S. Prevalence-pattern and risk factors of Cesarean section in a multiethnic cohort. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):711-715. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3186

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Principles of open, transparent and reproducible science in author guidelines of sleep research and chronobiology journals
Authors: Spitschan Manuel , Schmidt Marlene H. , Blume Christine
Published: February 2021

Background: "Open science" is an umbrella term describing various aspects of transparent and open science practices. The adoption of practices at different levels of the scientific process (e.g., individual researchers, laboratories, institutions) has been rapidly changing the scientific research landscape in the past years, but their uptake differs from discipline to discipline. Here, we asked to what extent journals in the field of sleep research and chronobiology encourage or even require following transparent and open science principles in their author guidelines.

Methods: We scored the author guidelines of a comprehensive set of 27 sleep and chronobiology journals, including the major outlets in the field, using the standardised Transparency and Openness (TOP) Factor. The TOP Factor is a quantitative summary of the extent to which journals encourage or require following various aspects of open science, including data citation, data transparency, analysis code transparency, materials transparency, design and analysis guidelines, study pre-registration, analysis plan pre-registration, replication, registered reports, and the use of open science badges.

Results: Across the 27 journals, we find low values on the TOP Factor (median [25 th, 75 th percentile] 3 [1, 3], min. 0, max. 9, out of a total possible score of 29) in sleep research and chronobiology journals.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest an opportunity for sleep research and chronobiology journals to further support recent developments in transparent and open science by implementing transparency and openness principles in their author guidelines.
Circles on the Complex Plane
Authors: Girsh A.
Published: February 2021

The Euclidean plane and Euclidean space themselves do not contain imaginary elements by definition, but are inextricably linked with them through special cases, and this leads to the need to propagate geometry into the area of imaginary values. Such propagation, that is adding a plane or space, a field of imaginary coordinates to the field of real coordinates leads to various variants of spaces of different dimensions, depending on the given axiomatics. Earlier, in a number of papers, were shown examples for solving some urgent problems of geometry using imaginary geometric images [2, 9, 11, 13, 15]. In this paper are considered constructions of orthogonal and diametrical positions of circles on a complex plane. A generalization has been made of the proposition about a circle on the complex plane orthogonally intersecting three given spheres on the proposition about a sphere in the complex space orthogonally intersecting four given spheres. Studies have shown that the diametrical position of circles on the Euclidean E-plane is an attribute of the orthogonal position of the circles’ imaginary components on the pseudo-Euclidean M-plane. Real, imaginary and degenerated to a point circles have been involved in structures and considered, have been demonstrated these circles’ forms, properties and attributes of their orthogonal position. Has been presented the construction of radical axes and a radical center for circles of the same and different types. A propagation of 2D mutual orthogonal position of circles on 3D spheres has been made. In figures, dashed lines indicate imaginary elements.
Quality of Geometric Education in Various Approaches to Teaching Methods
Authors: Sal'kov N.
Published: February 2021

In the 2017-18 and 2018-19 academic years, in Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after V.I. Surikov a two-year experiment for architecture students on determination variances in different approaches to teaching methods for geometric education was conducted. The experiment was caused by the fact that many teachers believe that if there are computers in the Institute, it is necessary to use graphic programs as soon as possible – immediately introduce students to work on the computer even without allocating hours for this. No one wants to prevent implementation of computers, but we must not forget some nuances related to high technology. As in any case connected with complex hardware unknown for future users, here at the University, at the beginning it is also necessary to teach students how to work with the graphics program itself, and only then allow them perform geometric problems. You can give such an example: put an untrained person at the control panel of interceptor missiles and force him to shoot down a border trespasser in combat conditions. They will notify us that we are engaged in voluntarism. However to put an untrained student at a computer and forcing him to solve a purely geometric problem immediately is not voluntarism. Is it?

The experiment had showed that a student, even if he knows how to solve a particular problem, is not ready at all to perform it immediately on a computer in a graphic software. He begin to lose a lot of time getting familiar with the program and only after obtaining at least a minimum of knowledge about working with this program becomes ready to start the task.
Friction and Decision Rules in Portfolio Decision Analysis
Authors: Summers Gary J.
Published: February 2021

In portfolio decision analysis, features comprise the objectives, alternatives, physics, and information that define a decision context. By modeling features, decision analysts forecast the expected utilities of the alternatives. A model is complete if it contains all the features. A model is well-calibrated if it correctly predicts the probability distributions of each alternative’s utility, whereas ill-calibrated models, like those that suffer the optimizer’s curse, do not. Friction identifies qualities of a situation that prevent decision analysts from creating complete, well-calibrated models. When friction is significant, can maximizing expected utility be a suboptimal decision rule? Is satisfying decision theory’s axioms a necessary or sufficient condition for good decision making? Can rules that violate the axioms outperform rules that satisfy them? A simulation study of how unbiased, imprecise forecasts of payoffs affect project selection finds that, for the example tested, the answers are yes, no, and yes, which suggests that further studies of friction may be worthwhile. Discussions of friction bookend the study, starting the paper by defining friction and concluding by presenting three frameworks, each one from a different field of study, that provide mathematical tools for studying friction.
Joint Estimation and Robustness Optimization
Authors: Zhu Taozeng , Xie Jingui , Sim Melvyn
Published: February 2021

Many real-world optimization problems have input parameters estimated from data whose inherent imprecision can lead to fragile solutions that may impede desired objectives and/or render constraints infeasible. We propose a joint estimation and robustness optimization (JERO) framework to mitigate estimation uncertainty in optimization problems by seamlessly incorporating both the parameter estimation procedure and the optimization problem. Toward that end, we construct an uncertainty set that incorporates all of the data, and the size of the uncertainty set is based on how well the parameters are estimated from that data when using a particular estimation procedure: regressions, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and maximum likelihood estimation (among others). The JERO model maximizes the uncertainty set’s size and so obtains solutions that—unlike those derived from models dedicated strictly to robust optimization—are immune to parameter perturbations that would violate constraints or lead to objective function values exceeding their desired levels. We describe several applications and provide explicit formulations of the JERO framework for a variety of estimation procedures. To solve the JERO models with exponential cones, we develop a second-order conic approximation that limits errors beyond an operating range; with this approach, we can use state-of-the-art second-order conic programming solvers to solve even large-scale convex optimization problems.

This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, Management Science Special Section on Data-Driven Prescriptive Analytics.
The effect of perceived social support on psychological distress and life satisfaction among Nepalese migrants in Japan
Authors: Khatiwada Januka , Muzembo Basilua Andre , Wada Koji , Ikeda Shunya
Published: February 2021

Background

The world is becoming individualized due to modernization. International migration is one of the factors that lead to family dissociation and a lack of social support. Social support is viewed as a crucial factor that contributes to psychological well-being and satisfaction with life among migrants. However, very little is known about the impacts of social support on psychological distress and satisfaction with life among migrants. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the association of perceived social support with psychological distress and satisfaction with life among Nepalese migrants, and we evaluated the factors associated with receiving social support.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of Nepalese migrants (N = 249) living in Tokyo. Self-administered online questionnaires were distributed using social networks and chain referral methods. The measures included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the General Health Questionnaire, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Descriptive analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 25.

Results

The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 31.8 years old (7.3). The family, friends, and significant others subscales of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support were negatively correlated with psychological distress (p<0.01). The family subscale was positively correlated with satisfaction with life (p<0.05), and the friend and significant others subscales were positively correlated with satisfaction with life (p<0.01). Social support from the family was significantly and negatively associated with the type of visa (Beta = -0.160, p = 0.049), and marital status was negatively associated with support from significant others (Beta = -0.175, p = 0.024).

Conclusion

Social support from family, friends, and significant others was found to be influential in decreasing psychological distress and increasing satisfaction with life among Nepalese migrants in Tokyo. Strengthing social support system through the expansion of interpersonal network may help minimize the psychological distress
Clinical benefit for clinical sequencing using cancer panel testing
Authors: Nishimura Sadaaki , Sugimoto Atsushi , Kushiyama Shuhei , Togano Shingo , Kuroda Kenji , Yamamoto Yurie , Yamauchi Makoto , Sumi Toshiyuki , Kaneda Hiroyasu , Kawaguchi Tomoya , Kato Minoru , Tagami Mizuki , Oebisu Naoto , Hoshi Manabu , Kimura Kenjiro , Kubo Shoji , Muguruma Kazuya , Takashima Tsutomu , Ohira Masaichi , Yashiro Masakazu
Published: February 2021

Background

Clinical sequencing using a panel of genes has recently been applied worldwide for patients with refractory solid tumors, but the significance of clinical sequencing using gene panel testing remains uncertain. Here we sought to clarify the feasibility and utility of clinical sequencing in the treatment of refractory tumors at our hospital.

Methods

A total of 39 patients with advanced solid tumors treated at our hospital between 2018 and 2020 were enrolled in the clinical sequencing. Among them, we identified 36 patients whose tissue samples were of suitable quality for clinical sequencing, and we analyzed the genomic profiles of these tumors.

Results

Pathogenic alterations were detected in 28 (78%) of the 36 patients. The most common mutation was TP53 (55%), followed by KRAS (22%), and the highest frequency of gene amplification was ERBB2 (17%). Nine of the 36 patients were identified as candidates for novel molecular-targeted therapy based on their actionable gene alterations, but only one case ended up receiving novel targeted therapy following the genetic tests.

Conclusions

Our current results suggested that clinical sequencing might be useful for the detection of pathogenic alterations and the management of additional cancer treatment. However, molecular target based on actionable genomic alteration does not always bridge to subsequent therapy due to clinical deterioration, refusal for unapproved drug, and complexity of clinical trial access. Both improved optimal timing of clinical sequencing and a consensus about its off-label use might help patients receive greater benefit from clinical sequencing.
Border crossing: Grayson Perry’s queerly utopian English journey
Authors: Roberts Graham H.
Published: February 2021

In 2012, British contemporary artist Grayson Perry undertook a journey from Sunderland in northern England to the Cotswolds in the south. His stated aim was to explore the relationship between class and taste in twenty-first-century Britain. This journey was screened on the United Kingdom’s Channel 4 as a three-part documentary entitled All in the Best Possible Taste. Throughout his journey, Perry uses his observations and interactions with those he meets to produce a series of six large tapestries, The Vanity of Small Differences (2012). These tapestries, inspired by Hogarth’s series of paintings entitled A Rake’s Progress (1733), trace the meteoric rise, and tragic fall, of a fictional character Tim Rakewell, whose ascension through the social ranks ends in a rather violent death (this narrative echoes that of Hogarth’s equally fictional Tom Rakewell). In my article, I analyse Perry’s documentary, and in particular the artwork, which he produces as a part of that documentary, using concepts borrowed from Pierre Bourdieu, Judith Butler, Michel Maffesoli and Louis Marin, among others. I argue that Perry’s purported exploration of the relationship between British (or rather English) class and taste is in fact primarily concerned with two other things: first, Perry’s own status as a contemporary artist – a desire to portray himself as a ‘latter-day Hogarth’, if you will; and second, contemporary art’s capacity to be both relevant to society and popular among members of that society. Ultimately then, via his performative exploration of subjectivity in this documentary and indeed elsewhere in his work, Perry ‘queers’ not just masculinity, but also, and perhaps more importantly, received notions of national, social and artistic identity.
Estimation of Brucella and Mycobacterium bovis contamination in bovine milk in Africa
Authors: Chidumayo Nozyechi Ngulube
Published: February 2021

Background and Aim: Bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis are zoonotic bacterial diseases transmitted through the consumption of raw milk and dairy products. Many developed countries have eliminated bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis in their cattle herds, however, the diseases are still endemic in Africa. Despite the public health risk of these pathogens, the sale and consumption of unpasteurized milk are still common in some African countries. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Brucella and Mycobacterium bovis in bovine milk. Materials and Methods: A conceptual model for milk contamination was constructed and 1 million simulations were performed using data from published articles. Results: Brucella milk contamination was estimated at a median of 8.68% (interquartile range [IQR]: 5.95-11.97%; range: 2.41-25.16%). The median prevalence of M. bovis was estimated at 6.86% (IQR: 4.25-9.40%; range: 0.01-15.16%). Conclusion: These results indicate that there is a risk of Brucella and M. bovis transmission through the consumption of unpasteurized milk. The findings of this study highlight the need to improve the safety and quality of informally marketed milk in the region.
A vezetés szerepe a dolgozói elégedettség alakulásában
Authors: Nemes Ferenc , Szlávicz Ágnes
Published: February 2021

A tanulmány célja a vezetés különböző aspektusai és a dolgozók elégedettsége közötti kapcsolatok feltárása. A szakirodalmi megállapítások és a „Dolgozó magyarok 2006” hazai elégedettségi felmérés másodelemzésének eredményei egybehangzóan igazolják, hogy a vezetésnek jelentős szerepe van a dolgozók elégedettségének alakulásában. A magyarországi ipari termelést végző, teljesen vagy részben külföldi tulajdonban lévő, nagyrészt kis- és közepes méretű vállalatokban dolgozók globális elégedettsége és az általános vezetési gyakorlat között nagyon erős, míg az elégedettség és a közvetlen felettes vezetési stílusa között jelentős kapcsolat van. Ebből adódóan az emberierőforrás-szakemberekre kulcsfontosságú szerep hárul, hiszen az ő feladatuk a szervezet hatékonyságát és a dolgozók igényeit figyelembe vevő, elégedettségükhöz hozzájáruló menedzsmentgyakorlat kialakítása.
A közszféra innovációinak kontextusfüggősége – A hazai természettudományos és technológiai oktatás, valamint idegennyelv-oktatás példája
Authors: Borsi Balázs , Lengyel Balázs
Published: February 2021

A tanulmány két területet, a természettudományos és technológiai (TéT) oktatást, valamint az idegen nyelvek oktatását vizsgálva annak bemutatására törekszik, hogy az innovációk bonyolult kontextusa és a tudásáramlás mennyire lényegesen hatnak, illetve hathatnak az innovációk kialakulásának esélyére. A szerzők munkájukban a diszciplinaritás által meghatározott környezetet tekintik kontextusnak, és azon elemeire fókuszálnak, amelyekkel kapcsolatban az innovációkkal való interakció feltárhatónak bizonyult.
The Death and Life of UK Universities and the Cultural Spaces They Consume
Authors: Troiani Igea , Carless Tonia , Stasiowski Maciej
Published: February 2021

The shift in focus in UK higher education since Thatcherism from the production of knowledge for civic betterment to the production and consumption of knowledge by the university for revenue generation can be read through the social rearrangement of space in the university town or city. A key spatial reconfiguration emerging from the shift in economic conditions is the collapse of the modern university as a singular, ideological construct. Like ‘the city’ before it, the modern university has, at its interior, been reformed into a newly defined, fragmented public–private social space, and, at its exterior, into a devourer of the space of the local community. This article showcases excerpts from a film made by the authors entitledThe Death and Life of UK Universities– a title inspired by Jane Jacobs’s critique of great American cities. Our film is a cinematic database survey of the changing space of all British universities which considers this systematic spatial reprogramming of space within the city. The two-year research project is an audio-visual critique of the way in which neoliberalism, corporatization and commercial interests have co-opted the space of the British university. Referencing the films of Charlie Chaplin and Gordon Matta-Clark and the writings of Henri Lefebvre, the film focuses on university cities, critically observing the rise of university marketing material and the consumption of the city and of local community life for university student accommodation. We ask: How are UK universities being spatially reconfigured and what are the consequences?
PATRONES ARGUMENTATIVOS EN DISCURSOS ACADÉMICOS DE ANTROPOLOGÍA Y SOCIOLOGÍA: EL ROL DE LA METÁFORA GRAMATICAL
Authors: Wiefling Fernanda
Published: February 2021

Este artículo aborda distintas funciones de la metáfora gramatical en los patrones argumentativos de textos académicos de antropología y sociología. El análisis se realiza desde las perspectivas teórico-metodológicas de la Lingüística Sistémico Funcional, en particular desde algunos recursos ideacionales y textuales.

El análisis revela que la metáfora ideacional (experiencial y lógica) construye un lenguaje especializado en las disciplinas a través de taxonomías y empaquetamiento de información. En sus explicaciones los autores utilizan recursos del lenguaje, para construir abstracción y generalización, en los que tienden a acoplar significados ideacionales e interpersonales, generando textos con densidad semántica y heteroglosia.
Can God Be Timeless Without Creation and Temporal Subsequent to Creation?
Authors: Erasmus Jacob
Published: February 2021

Erik J. Wielenberg argues that William Lane Craig’s understanding of creatio ex nihilo (creation out of nothing) is logically incoherent. According to Craig’s account, God was timeless or atemporal without the universe, but created the universe (including time itself) and entered into time (or became temporal) at the moment of creation. Wielenberg argues, however, that this account entails that (i) the first cause of time is both timeless and temporal at the first moment of time, and (ii) the beginning of time is both caused and uncaused. In this article, I respond to Wielenberg’s objections and show that they are unsuccessful.
Upravni ugovori u pravnom poretku Bosne i Hercegovine sa posebnim osvrtom na ugovore o javnim nabavkama
Authors: Čizmić Mirsad
Published: February 2021

Autor u radu razmatra ugovore o javnim nabavkama, postupak njihovog zaključivanja i uspoređuje ih sa upravnim i građanskopravnim ugovorima, kao i njihovo postojanje u pravnom poretku Bosne i Hercegovine. U pogledu upravnih ugovora i njihovog mjesta u pravnom poretku Bosne i Hercegovine, evidentno je malo/nimalo paženje posvećeno. Ipak, to ne znači da isti ne postoje u ukupnpom sistemu funkcionisanja. Autor akcenat stavlja na komparaciju ugovora o javnim nabavkama u Bosni i Hercegovini i upravnog ugovora, a komparaciju zasniva na sličnostima i razlikama koje postoje između ovog instituta i drugih njemu sličnih i bliskih instituta. Pisanje i proučavanje upravnih ugovora u Bosni i Hercegovini, a posebno ugovora o javnim nabavkama kao najpoznatije vrste upravnog ugovora predstavlja nužnost, naročito zbog javnog interesa koji se protažira predmetnim ugovorom, ali i evidentne problematike u praksi koja nastaje zaključivanjem istih.
L’ autoformation à l’harmonisation travail-vie personnelle : une action concertée des personnes en emploi, des employeurs et des syndicats
Authors: Chrétien Lise , Coneo Yarledis , Tanguay Dominique
Published: February 2021

Cet article documente les avantages et les limites d’une démarche d’autoformation à l’harmonisation travail-vie personnelle (HTVP) destinée aux personnes en emploi, aux employeurs et aux syndicats1. Les résultats suggèrent une diminution du conflit et une augmentation de l’enrichissement travail-vie personnelle chez les personnes en emploi, lorsque les employeurs et les représentants syndicaux ont été sensibilisés et outillés en matière d’HTVP. L’autoformation constitue un outil de gestion des ressources humaines pour améliorer la qualité de vie au travail, pour se démarquer et pour développer une culture organisationnelle favorable à l’HTVP. Les limites de l’autoformation sont le manque de temps et de ressources pour s’engager dans une démarche autogérée.
L' innov’action et le management organisationnel : quelles mutations et quels enjeux face à la pandémie?
Authors: Djeflat Abdelkader , Khiat Assya
Published: February 2021

Les réflexions sur les ressources humaines (RH) ont de tout temps fait l'objet d'intérêt et n'ont de cesse d'être réinventées. Les innovations en management des RH se sont succédé et se sont diversifiées à maintes occasions. Cela a nécessité, chaque fois, de nouveaux concepts, outils et méthodes et de nouveaux rôles pour la GRH (gestion des ressources humaines). Le concept de l'innovation a lui-même subi des mutations à la fois du fait des travaux et courants que de la pratique nécessitant que les innov'acteurs changent de statuts, de rôles et de motivation et imposent des innovations organisationnelles dans les modes de management de la GRH. La transformation numérique de l'ensemble de l'organisation et la quatrième révolution vont également assigner d'autres rôles et fonctions aux innov'acteurs. C'est dans ce contexte que la pandémie de la COVID-19 fait irruption, imposant d'autres modes de gestion des RH qu'il s'agit d'inventer, d'oser et d'imaginer. Les innov'acteurs doivent de nouveau développer de nouvelles postures. Ce travail a pour objectif d'analyser ces bouleversements. Ce n’est pas une perspective essentiellement théorique. Le souci de coller à la réalité sur un sujet relativement nouveau ne permet pas d’avoir un propos essentiellement théorique. Les illustrations tirées de la réalité et le choix du télétravail comme exemple en font un travail de recherche exploratoire. L’analyse aboutit à deux résultats majeurs. Premièrement, nous assistons à une extension sans précédent des postures des innov’acteurs due à la pandémie nécessitant de nouveaux modes de GRH innovants; au moins quatre postures ont été identifiées. Deuxièmement, avec la pandémie, le télétravail, qui devient une nécessité exigée par la situation, définit un nouveau paysage des formes d’innov’actions avec des niveaux de perturbation de la fonction GRH variant d’intensité selon le type de posture que les innov’acteurs adoptent. Les innovations organisationnelles de la GRH devront comprendre cette combinaison des différentes postures élargissant ainsi le champ de la GRH d’une manière exceptionnelle et inédite et ce, dans un temps record.
Whose Absolutism?
Authors: Case Holly
Published: February 2021

Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, was an Enlightenment philosophe as well as an absolute monarch. His writings, available in a new translation, reveal a complex character and raise questions about government and autocracy in contemporary Europe.
Helena Ignez, an Incendiary Monster of Brazilian Cinema
Authors: de Andrade Patrícia Mourão
Published: February 2021

Patrícia Mourão de Andrade offers an impassioned portrait of the actress and filmmaker Helena Ignez, a foundational figure in Brazilian filmmaking of the 1960s and 1970s. Long ignored by a national historiography blinded by its own patriarchal distortions, Ignez has only gained recognition in the last fifteen years for her contributions to Brazilian cinema. Moving behind the camera for the first time in 2005, Ignez has created a body of work that brings the anarchic spirit of the Cinema Marginal movement of the late 1960s to Brazilian cinema of the 2000s. This article offers a comprehensive survey and assessment of Ignez’s career, from her first film, O pátio (1959), directed by Glauber Rocha, who became her first husband, to her memorable performances of the 1960s, to her years of political exile, to her recent, late renaissance.
The Veiled Avengers of Pakistan’s Streaming New Wave
Authors: Qureshi Bilal
Published: February 2021

The privatization of Pakistan’s media and television industry over the past two decades, along with the availability of high-speed internet and an easing of censorship, has revolutionized what plays in Pakistani homes. While hopes that this more open environment would encourage a Pakistani new wave have yet to be born out, an episodic series released this summer is perhaps a harbinger of things to come. Film Quarterly columnist Bilal Qureshi introduces readers to one of the most exciting voices in the emerging Pakistani film industry, Asim Abbasi, whose über-stylish series Churails (2020−) presents a women’s detective agency that works undercover to obtain justice for the women of Karachi. An extrajudicial feminist fantasy, Churails is remarkably uncensored and unrestrained, and ground-breaking in its exclusive focus on women’s rage.
Pixels, Police, and Batons
Authors: White Cameron L.
Published: February 2021

The 2019 Hong Kong protests witnessed not only sustained physical demonstrations by locals, but also a swell of online digital media that recorded and remixed conflicts between protestors and police. By documenting key moving images that circulated throughout social media and the film festival circuit, White’s essay reorients Hong Kong film studies’ relationship with the digital. Although cinema played a secondary role in the 2019 protests compared to digital media, numerous intertextual linkages demonstrate the productive potential of considering the two together. Special attention is given to the cops-and-robbers genre, a linchpin in local film history and a frequent form of choice for Hong Kong-mainland China coproductions. While the troubled representation of police in 2019 and beyond suggests that the future of the genre is unstable, the ingenuity of recent digital media demonstrates Hong Kong’s enduring potential for moving image innovation.
Harmonicity and Roughness in the Biology of Tonal Aesthetics
Authors: Bowling Daniel L.
Published: February 2021

Evidence supporting a link between harmonicity and the attractiveness of simultaneous tone combinations has emerged from an experiment designed to mitigate effects of musical enculturation. I examine the analysis undertaken to produce this evidence and clarify its relation to an account of tonal aesthetics based on the biology of auditory-vocal communication.
The Development of Vietnamese Studies in Thailand
Authors: Rato Montira
Published: February 2021

Vietnamese studies first emerged in Thailand during the Cold War period and developed into a vibrant field after the establishment of Thai-Vietnamese diplomatic relations and the end of the Cambodian conflict. Vietnam’s accession to ASEAN in 1995 and preparation for the ASEAN Economic Community prior to 2015 also provided favorable conditions for the expansion of Vietnamese studies in Thai research and scholarship. However, the study of Vietnam in Thailand is often seen as a part of Southeast Asian studies and ASEAN studies. Research on Vietnam is typically carried out comparatively within a regional context, especially in comparison with Thailand, rather than for its own sake.
Vietnamese Studies in Russia and the Former Soviet Union
Authors: Sokolov Anatoly
Published: February 2021

This paper surveys the emergence and transformation of Vietnamese studies in Russia and the former Soviet Union from the late nineteenth century until the present. It demonstrates how writings by Russian explorers and geographers developed into a professional academic field during the Soviet era, one that was strongly shaped by ideological affinities and international connections within the communist world. Although Vietnamese studies in Russia has retained some intellectual and institutional legacies from the Soviet era, it also reflects transformations in academic life in Russia since the 1990s as well as the changing relationship between the two countries.
Exercise retards ongoing adipose tissue fibrosis in diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Li Liangming , Wei Yuan , Fang Chunlu , Liu Shujing , Zhou Fu , Zhao Ge , Li Yaping , Luo Yuan , Guo Ziyi , Lin Weiqun , Yang Wenqi
Published: February 2021

Exercise has been recommended as an important strategy to improve glucose metabolism in obesity. Adipose tissue fibrosis is associated with inflammation and is implicated in glucose metabolism disturbance and insulin resistance in obesity. However, the effect of exercise on the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exercise retarded the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis and ameliorated glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. To do so, obesity and adipose tissue fibrosis in mice were induced by high-fat diet feeding for 12 weeks and the mice subsequently received high-fat diet and exercise intervention for another 12 weeks. Exercise alleviated high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Continued high-fat diet feeding exacerbated collagen deposition and further increased fibrosis-related gene expression in adipose tissue. Exercise attenuated or reversed these changes. Additionally, PPARγ, which has been shown to inhibit adipose tissue fibrosis, was observed to be increased following exercise. Moreover, exercise decreased the expression of HIF-1α in adipose fibrosis, and adipose tissue inflammation was inhibited. In conclusion, our data indicate that exercise attenuates and even reverses the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis, providing a plausible mechanism for its beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in obesity.
Cholecystokinin and the hormone concept
Authors: Rehfeld Jens F
Published: February 2021

The birth certificate for endocrinology was Bayliss’ and Starling’s demonstration in 1902 that regulation of bodily functions is not only neuronal but also due to blood-borne messengers. Starling named these messengers hormones. Since then transport via blood has defined hormones. This definition, however, may be too narrow. Thus, today we know that several peptide hormones are not only produced and released to blood from endocrine cells but also released from neurons, myocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells, spermatogenic cells, fat cells, etc. And they are often secreted in cell-specific molecular forms with more or less different spectra of activity. The present review depicts this development with the story about cholecystokinin which was discovered in 1928 as a hormone and still in 1976 was conceived as a single blood-borne peptide. Today’s multifaceted picture of cholecystokinin suggests that time may be ripe for expansion of the hormone concept to all messenger molecules, which activate their target cells – irrespective of their road to the target (endocrine, neurocrine, neuronal, paracrine, autocrine, etc.) and irrespective of their kind of activity as classical hormone, growth factor, neurotransmitter, adipokine, cytokine, myokine, or fertility factor.
Increased COVID-19 infections in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based study
Authors: Subramanian Anuradhaa , Anand Astha , Adderley Nicola J , Okoth Kelvin , Toulis Konstantinos A , Gokhale Krishna , Sainsbury Christopher , O’Reilly Michael W , Arlt Wiebke , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah
Published: February 2021

Objective

Several recent observational studies have linked metabolic comorbidities to an increased risk from COVID-19. Here we investigated whether women with PCOS are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection.

Design

Population-based closed cohort study between 31 January 2020 and 22 July 2020 in the setting of a UK primary care database (The Health Improvement Network, THIN).

Methods

The main outcome was the incidence of COVID-19 coded as suspected or confirmed by the primary care provider. We used Cox proportional hazards regression model with stepwise inclusion of explanatory variables (age, BMI, impaired glucose regulation, androgen excess, anovulation, vitamin D deficiency, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) to provide unadjusted and adjusted hazard risks (HR) of COVID-19 infection among women with PCOS compared to women without PCOS.

Results

We identified 21 292 women with a coded diagnosis of PCO/PCOS and randomly selected 78 310 aged and general practice matched control women. The crude COVID-19 incidence was 18.1 and 11.9 per 1000 person-years among women with and without PCOS, respectively. Age-adjusted Cox regression analysis suggested a 51% higher risk of COVID-19 among women with PCOS compared to women without PCOS (HR: 1.51 (95% CI: 1.27–1.80), P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and BMI, HR reduced to 1.36 (1.14–1.63)], P = 0.001. In the fully adjusted model, women with PCOS had a 28% increased risk of COVID-19 (aHR: 1.28 (1.05–1.56), P = 0.015).

Conclusion

Women with PCOS are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and should be specifically encouraged to adhere to infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Significance statement

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of cardio-metabolic disease, which have been identified as a risk factor for COVID-19. To investigate whether the increased metabolic risk in PCOS translates into an increased risk of COVID-19 infection, we carried out a population-based closed cohort study in the UK during its first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (January to July 2020), including 21 292 women with PCOS and 78 310 controls matched for sex, age and general practice location. Results revealed a 52% increased risk of COVID-19 infection in women with PCOS, which remained increased at 28% above controls after adjustment for age, BMI, impaired glucose regulation and other explanatory variables.