bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of promotion, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use on interest in adopting e-wallet (Ovo And Dana)
Authors: Didied Neni Meidawati , Yunitasari Fitrias , Oktavina Diah Puspita
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of promotional attractiveness, perception of benefits and ease of perception on the interest in using e-wallets. The population in this study is the entire developed village community in Sleman Regency. The number of samples used was as many as 150 respondents. The sampling method used is convenience sampling. Data collection using survey method through questionnaires distributed using google form. Data analysis techniques were implemented using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The multiple linear regression analysis results show that the attractiveness of promotions, the precept of benefits and the perception of convenience positively and significantly affect the interest in using e-wallets.
Rethinking social interaction in English first additional language classrooms during the post Covid-19 era
Authors: Matiso Nomasomi Hilda , Makena Bulelwa
Published: November 2022

Social interaction among peers and teachers in English First Additional Language (EFAL) classrooms is a more significant predictor of communicative competence, which is the goal of any language program. During the Covid-19, there was a decline in social interaction among learners due to the sudden change from onsite to remote teaching and learning. This paper aimed to explore the effects of lack of social interaction in EFAL classrooms and how it can be enhanced during the 'New Normal'. This study was underpinned by Long's (1981) Interaction Hypothesis Theory, which emphasizes social interaction as an essential component of language learning. This study adopted a qualitative approach embedded in an interpretive paradigm. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were utilized to gather data from 32 conveniently selected participants. Data were analyzed through content analysis. The findings of this paper indicated that the effects of lack of social interaction were; the inability to solicit information from learners, lack of direct contact, and lack of immediate feedback, which were caused by the COVID-19 social distancing measures. This negatively affected the quality of education. Furthermore, the lack of interactive social activities in EFAL classrooms threatens the acquisition of language proficiency skills, which are key to academic literacy. Therefore, the authors recommend that language teachers receive training on how language lessons should be planned during blended learning to engage learners in interactive social activities like role-playing, storytelling, debates, and group discussions.
Antecedents of corporate entrepreneurship behaviours among SMEs and competencies of the employees
Authors: Padi Abigail , Owusu Ansah Wilberforce , Abdulai Mahmoud Mahmoud
Published: November 2022

This study explored the antecedents of corporate entrepreneurship behaviors among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) and employees’ competencies. The area of the study was Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Ghana. The study was a cross-sectional survey design with a concurrent triangulation mixed methods approach. The study's sample size was 440 subjects, made up of 400 employees and 40 owners/managers of SMEs in the Metropolis. The employees and owners/managers were selected using random and purposive sampling techniques. The quantitative data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, while the qualitative data were analyzed manually using a thematic approach. The study revealed that both employees and owners/managers of SMEs in the Metropolis perceived the operational attributes, processes, or conditions within the firms and the external business environment that affects the firms and the staff in favorable terms. Also, employees of the various SMEs are given a meaningful opportunity to acquire, develop and nurture higher-level characteristics encompassing personality traits, skills, and knowledge, which can be seen as the real ability of the entrepreneur to perform a job successfully. It was recommended that owners/managers of the firms ensure an attractive and conducive climate for intrapreneurial behavior within their firms by encouraging their employees to believe in their abilities and always try something new. Employees could also be encouraged to be confident in their ability to handle and solve problems creatively. This behavior will go a long way to help the firms grow and become competitive.
The relationship between gender diversity and tax avoidance practices
Authors: Eva Budiana  , Kusuma Hadri
Published: November 2022

This study aims to identify the relationship between gender diversity and tax avoidance practices in some Southeast Asian countries mediated by corporate sustainability. Data were obtained from five Southeast Asian countries that have published annual reports from 2015 to 2021 through panel regression analysis. The result of this study showed the presence of a high number of boards of directors could suppress tax avoidance practices. Besides, it indicates that gender diversity affects tax avoidance, and after being mediated by corporate sustainability, it also shows an effect on tax avoidance. As a mediating variable, corporate sustainability mediates the relationship between gender diversity and tax avoidance. This literature provides new insights into the low percentage of female directors in company management and the absence of a law regulating the proportion of directors in company management. This study provides knowledge to the government and company management to improve accounting and tax regulations within and outside the company. Besides, this study also shows the relationship between gender diversity and corporate sustainability on tax avoidance practices and that the presence of female directors in the company can minimize tax avoidance and increase corporate sustainability.
High tech American Startups: Role of Universities
Authors: Kuznetsova I.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to development of startups in American Universities, attracting potential investors, direct assistance to startup founders from specialized centers and research departments. Innovations are spread across the world and startups are the largest contributors to job creators. Startups are gradually becoming indicators of the effectiveness of Universities and an important part of the innovativeness. Universities are trying to achieve excellence in research by facilitating the translation and commercialization of scientific discoveries into accessible technologies, products and services for the benefit of contemporary society. It is generally accepted that technology commercialization specialists develop and disseminating the best practices for spinning out new companies based on university research and development. It is also important to protect new technologies with patent, trademark and copyright filings. The article deals with the main problems of protecting of patenting scientific developments. The American intellectual property protection government laws and regulations allow companies to commercialize the products they invent, encouraging innovations and researches in Universities, attracting students to establish new startups. University startups can help students improve their knowledge by teaching an entrepreneurial mindset and have new career opportunities. The article considers different innovative American startups, the new technologies and the impact they will have in economy. The article analyzes the cooperation of non-profit national organizations, foundations and business incubators with University startups and their financing. As a rule technology commercialization often requires support from multiply financial sources. A comprehensive analysis of the stages of formation and development of high tech startups, state support for innovative potential and the creation of venture companies are shown.
Developing Countries in the New Equation of the Post-Crisis World Order
Authors: Fituni L. , Abramova I.
Published: November 2022

The authors posit that a given world order for analytical purposes may be regarded as a large self-developing system in which developing countries form a massive subsystem (DC subsystem). And the survival of the entire Large System in its unique essence crucially depends on a certain state and position of this subsystem. The article puts forward a number of theoretical propositions about the regularities of the successive change of the world order systems. Possible vectors and expected limits of changes in the state of the “DC subsystem” in the new equation of the post-crisis world order are shown. The authors conclude that the intensity of competition between global centers of power for influence in the emerging world order will increase over the next decade. In these conditions, developing countries, despite their heterogeneity and increasing differentiation, can exert a certain influence on the course of this struggle and on the design of the structures of the emerging world order. The situation of rising instability and confrontational geopolitical environment in the world after February 2022 will not bypass developing regions. The West will seek to drive Russia and China into a “geopolitical box” in the short term, and in the medium and long term it will aim to reduce its perimeter. Intensive development of a wide range of relations with developing countries is an important condition to successfully counter the Western aggression. Apart from directly counteracting the efforts of the rival, Moscow and Beijing will systematically work towards the formation of norms, rules and institutions of the post-crisis world order. The most important condition for the successful promotion of Russian interests in Asia, Africa and Latin America is the understanding and pragmatic consideration of the assessments and vision of the developing countries themselves of their own interests in this emerging world order.
The Collapse of the Global Consumption Model: in Search of Sustainability
Authors: Bobylev S. , Solovyeva S. , Kiryushin P.
Published: November 2022

New “climate change reality” is transforming the goals that were the most important two or three years ago. During the last few years, the EU, U.S., China, Japan and many other countries established new plans to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050–2060s. These new goals and plans towards achieving carbon neutrality and greening national economies require a fundamental change in consumption patterns. The growth in demand leads to an increase in consumption, which, in turn, stimulates an increase in production and the volume of resources involved (energy, minerals, land, water, etc.). One of the most important indicators of the global consumption model is decoupling, which means the growth of the economy without corresponding rise of environmental pressure and resource consumption. Although there were some signs of the decoupling effect in the developed countries during the previous two decades, it was not achieved on the global scale during that period. Moreover, by 2060s, the resource consumption of the world economy may escalate significantly. At the global level, the growth of consumption in developed countries can lead to an overall increase in the impact on the planet’s biosphere. This impact relates to the “export” of environmental costs from developed countries to developing ones, which can be clearly observed on the example of the greenhouse gas emissions indicator. The same pattern manifests itself as an increase in the UN Planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index. The general trend is: the higher the level of human development – the greater the index of the planetary pressure. Finally, the transition of mankind to sustainable development requires a profound transformation of consumption patterns due to the impossibility to maintain high environmentally intensive consumption standards for the next generations, based on the accomplished technological level, traditional economic model and established institutions.
Ethics in Reporting of the Other Comprehensive Income: The Case of Listed European Companies in Emerging Countries
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RAPAN Claudia-Mihaela , MANEA Andreia ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, BANTA Viorel Costin ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies
Published: November 2022

The concept of “value relevance” was identified in many studies as a significant quality parameter that provides usefulness to investors and other stakeholders regarding the financial and non-financial information to assess the companies’ value. Based on empirical results in the case of the audit-listed companies in emerging countries, the purpose of this study is to analyze the value relevance of the “other comprehensive income” in the context of the business ethics correlated with the type of audit opinion disclosed to the users, with the focus on the investors’ behavior and the impact on the share price.
The Influence of Audit Opinion on Companies’ Insolvency Risk. Evidence for Romania
Authors:   Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Iasi, MOTOC Madalin-Mihai
Published: November 2022

Due to the increasing confidence of the population in tradable instruments and the opening of horizons towards investment policy, the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BVB) is recording a steady increase in market capitalization, similar to developed capital markets (New York, London, Paris, Tokyo etc.). The financial auditor plays an increasingly active role in the sustainable development of a company, and its opinion is able to influence to a large extent the ability of audited companies to attract capital. The goal of this research is to determine the role of the audit opinion in the sustainable development of a company listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange and to determine its degree of insolvency using statistical procedures. The results of the research show the importance of financial audit in increasing the financial performance of a company and in the quality of financial reporting, together with determining the influence of audit opinion on the future risk of insolvency.
ECONOMIA DO BABAÇU NO MARANHÃO E A INVISIBILIDADE DO TRABALHO CAMPONÊS
Authors: De Oliveira Barbosa Viviane
Published: November 2022

De tipo doméstico e familiar, a economia do babaçu passou a ser valorizada pelos grandes circuitos de mercado especialmente a partir do século XX. Nesse processo de valorização econômica do produto babaçu, observam-se relatos de letrados que destacam as palmeiras de babaçu e seus benefícios, pesquisas e notas técnicas diversas sobre o recurso, assim como matérias de jornais que abordam o babaçu e seus subprodutos na economia oficial, o que é acompanhado pela constante obliteração da participação do campesinato local no extrativismo e comercialização do babaçu, questões essas enfocadas neste artigo.
CRIMINALIDADE E POLÍTICA INDIGENISTA EM GOIÁS OITOCENTISTA
Authors: Vieira Martha Victor , Da Silva Medeiros Valéria
Published: November 2022

Este artigo pretende discutir a criminalidade na província de Goiás, tendo em vista o processo de construção do Estado nacional, que demandou uma série de ações, a fim de manter a ordem pública, garantir a soberania interna e o respeito às autoridades instituídas.  Uma das reclamações mais recorrentes das autoridades goianas no século XIX eram os povos indígenas, acusados de serem uma ameaça à segurança pública e causa da decadência econômica. Essa forma de ver os indígenas, como obstáculo ao desenvolvimento nacional, serviu de baliza para orientar a política indigenista na província goiana em um contexto em que se começou a atribuir sentido ao crime como um problema social.
Assessing the Impact of a Project-Based Learning Robotics Course with Integrating of STEM Education Using Content Analysis Method
Authors: Hsu Roy Chaoming , Tsai Tang-Hui
Published: November 2022

The National Science Foundation (NSF) proposed in 1996 “Shaping the Future” report that “STEM” (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) is a set of education methods that focus on learners. The STEM education actively cultivates students’ independent thinking and creativity in the learning process. In recent years, the use of STEM education methods in teaching has become a trend in Taiwan’s education system. In this study, a content analysis method is used to analyze and observe the knowledge learned and the attitude toward STEM education for a total of 30 junior students, who have no background in robotics-related professional knowledge, after taking a semester of project-based learning (PBL) robotics general course from National Chiayi University, Taiwan. From the study results, it is found that by integrating STEM into the acquisition of robotics, students can use logical thinking, compile different programs, increase their understanding of technical operations, and finally create more methods to complete the project. On the other hand, through PBL, students can stimulate thinking in discussions with their peers, and achieve the effect of problem-solving and stress-less learning. The findings of the study also show that the PBL robotics course provides the learning aids which is beneficial in exercising STEM education learned by learners.
The Informational Physical Model and Fundamental Problems in Physics
Authors: Shevchenko Sergey , Tokarevsky Vladimir
Published: November 2022

This article is some review of results that were obtained at 2007-2021 years development of “The Information as Absolute” concept and the informational physical model, which is based on the concept; including a number of fundamental physical problems are briefly considered in framework of the conception and the model. Recently in physics there are several publications, that present lists of the problems. However, those lists are essentially incomplete, for at least two reasons. Firsts of all, a number of phenomena are studied traditionally by philosophy, and so corresponding problems are usually considered to be “metaphysical”. However, they relate also to some concrete physical phenomena. For example, physics evidently studies Matter, and so the metaphysical problems “what is ontology of Matter”, “what is “Space”, “Time” and a few other physical phenomena and notions as well, are really a Meta-physical problem “what does physics study?” There are other fundamental physical problems, which are not considered as such in physics, and are absent in the “fundamental problems lists”. Those include the problems, which really exist, yet are incorporated into standard physical theories, and so are fundamental “implicitly”, which in physics are “solved by default”. Note, though, that a number of “Meta-physical”, and concrete fundamental, problems more in detail are considered in the paper “The Informational Conception and Basic Physics”, https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.4657, v5 (2021), so this paper is, in certain sense, an expanded conclusion of this paper, which includes, correspondingly, more in detail consideration of some more general physical problems, and, besides, in this [v3] version, the problem “what are Gravity and Electric Forces” is essentially clarified. Besides, the concrete problem “What is Life”, and the rational cosmological model, where a few vague points in standard cosmology rather probably are rationally clarified, while the fundamental problem “matter – antimatter asymmetry” in Matter is solved practically for sure, are considered, and one of recently published rather complete “lists of fundamental problems” is commented in Appendix.
Seismic Signatures and Site Characterization of an Intermittent Stream in Dry and Flood Conditions: An Implication for Soil Losses and Landslide Triggering
Authors: Hussain Yawar , Seivane Helena , Qiangshan Gao , Maciel Susanne , Hamza Omar , Uagoda Rogério , Borges Welitom Rodrigues
Published: November 2022

Identifying ambient noise-based (ANb) signatures of streams can help in the estimation of their erosive potential (EP) that promotes reverie landslides and soil losses in the fluvial valleys. This is particularly imperative on flooding or rainy days, leading to stronger erosion-prone conditions (colluvium and boulders) of the valley beds inferred from georadar attribute analysis. Developing such research direction can benefit the local communities, as is the case with the Cerrado region of Brazil, where these phenomena have high destructive potential with social, economic, and climatic implications. For the present study, a seasonal stream in the Federal District of Brazil was investigated by ANb monitoring supported by Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) for site characterization. The ANb monitoring was conducted (at a safe distance) with a seismometer over several durations of dry and rainy conditions. The power spectral density (PSDs) was computed as a function of several variables, including weather conditions (rainfall, wind speed, and pressure), time-frequency spectrograms, and ambient noise displacement root mean square (RMS). This analysis also considered the single station horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR), where rain, wind, pressure, river flow and anthropogenic signatures were evident (at selective frequency ranges). Multi-peaks that emerged on the HVSR curve were further analyzed to identify amplitude and frequency changes, and the three peaks shift on average to a lower position during the rainy period. The GPR amplitude and waveform variation features were attributed to the stratigraphy (i.e., the boundary between valid and invalid regions and coherence value) of the floodplain and regions susceptible to erosion (erosion-prone lithological spots). This approach provides the basis for non-destructive monitoring tools enabling the detection of 'seismic signatures' and weak spots of the fluvial channels for improving environmental management.
On the Permeation of Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins and Dibenzofurans through Lipid Membranes: Classical MD and Hybrid QM/MM-EDA Analysis
Authors: Mandado Marcos , Alvarado Raúl , Cardenas Gustavo , Nogueira Juan J. , Ramos-Berdullas Nicolás
Published: November 2022

The permeation of dioxin-like pollutants, namely, chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans, through lipid membranes has been simulated using classic molecular dynamics (CMD) combined with the umbrella sampling approach. The most toxic forms of chlorinated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-p-dibenzodioxin (TCDD) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF), and a dioleyl-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) lipid membrane of 50 Å wide have been chosen for our study. The free energy profile shows the penetration process is largely favoured thermodynamically (DG≈-12 kcal/mol), with a progressively decrease of the free energy until reaching the energy minima at distances of 8Å and 9.5Å from the centre of the membrane for, respectively, TCDD and TCDF. At the centre of the membrane, both molecules display subtle local maxima with free energy differences of 0.5 and 1 kcal/mol with respect to the energy minima for TCDD and TCDF, respectively. Furthermore, the intermolecular interactions between the molecules and the lipid membrane have been characterized at the minima and the local maxima using hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics energy decomposition analysis (QM/MM-EDA). Total interaction energies of -17.5 and -16.5 kcal/mol have been found at the energy minima for TCDD and TCDF, respectively. In both cases, the dispersion forces govern the molecule-membrane interactions, no significant changes have been found at the local maxima, in agreement with the classical free energy profile. The small differences found in the results obtained for TCDD and TCDF point out the adsorption and diffusion processes through the cell membrane are not related to the different toxicity shown by these pollutants.
Exploring the Role of NH4Cl Supplementation on Triacylglycerol Production by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under Mixotrophic Cultivation using a Proteomics Approach
Authors: Sittisaree Wattanapong , Yokthongwattana Kittisak , Aonbangkhen Chanat , Yingchutrakul Yodying , Krobthong Sucheewin
Published: November 2022

NH4Cl is one of the nitrogen sources for microalgal cultivation. However, excessive amounts of NH4Cl affects microalgal physiology and biomass contents. In this study, the effects of ammonium on microalgal growth and TAG content in the green microalga (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) was investigated. Microalgal growth and TAG content under photoautotrophic conditions were found to be unchanged with 17 mM of ammonium, while this compound interfered with microalgal growth and induced TAG content under mixotrophic conditions with acetate supplementation. This suggested that ammonium could induce TAG production when acetate occurred in microalgal cultivation. Further, the effects of two different concentrations of NH4Cl (17 mM and 60 mM) on the cells under mixotrophic conditions were investigated. The results showed that both concentrations reduced microalgal growth, but induced total lipid and TAG content, especially after a 4-day cultivation. The oxygen evolution and Fv/Fm ratio showed that both concentrations completely inhibited the oxygen evolution on Day 4. The 60 mM NH4Cl reduced the Fv/Fm ratio from 0.7 to 0.48 indicating that ammonium supplementation directly affects the microalgae photosynthesis performance. A total of 1782 proteins were successfully identified using proteomics analysis. Among them, there were nine overexpressed proteins and four proteins were underexpressed. Using the protein–ligand interaction analysis, nitrogen metabolism is involved under NH4Cl conditions. This information can provide biochemical knowledge for microalgae development for sustainable energy usage.
Effect of Fourth Industrial Revolution's Biological Driver on Construction Occupational Related Diseases in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Gambo Nuru , Musonda Innocent
Published: November 2022

The persistence of diseases that affect construction workforce as a result of activities on construction sites poses a danger to the sustainable development of the industry. This resulted to a huge loss of skilled labour and economic development of the industry and the entire country. The arrival of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) technologies urges an urgent need to assess the effect of the technology’s biological driver on the construction occupation related diseases. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the effect of 4IR on the construction occupation related diseases in Gauteng, South Africa. The study is quantitative in design and questionnaire survey were administered to project and Health and Safety (H&S) managers in Gauteng, South African construction sector using a proportionate simple random sampling technique. For data analysis, the Warp PLS-SEM 8.0 software algorithm was used for the analysis of the collated data. The study found that the effects of the 4IR’s biological driver variables ranges between moderate to high effects for genome sequencing (GENSE) and Neurotechnology (NEURO) respectively. The combined predictive relevance of the two (2) variables predicts 64% of the construction occupation related diseases. This implies that the adoption of the driver would help reduce the causes of construction-related diseases. Hence, implies that continuous deployment of 4IR technologies would ensure that construction occupation related diseases are easily identified and put on alert.
Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) of Digital Fabrication (Dfab) and Additive Manufacturing (AM) in Construction: A Review
Authors: Prasittisopin Lapyote , Tuvayanond Wiput
Published: November 2022

A Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) in architectural, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry is attracting the attention of designers, practitioners, and construction project stakeholders. Digital fabrication (Dfab) and design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) practices are found apparent needs for development. The DfMA's conceptual function is to maximize the process efficiency of Dfab and AM building projects. This work reviewed 153 relevant research articles over the past few decades. The concept of DfMA and the fundamentals of DfMA in building and construction were explored. In addition, DfMA procedures associated with Dfab and DfAM, as well as its AM assembly process, were discussed. Lastly, the current machine learning research on DfMA in construction were also highlighted. Large research gaps in the DfMA for Dfab and DfAM can be filled to significantly increase operational efficiency and sustainable practices.
Effect of Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei Infection on Hormonal Regulation in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei
Authors: Dou Yabin , Zhang Leiting , Zhang Sheng , Cao Xiaohui , Qiao Yi , Jiang Ge , Cheng Jie , Wan Xihe , Fan Xianping , Li Hui , Wang Libao , Shi Wenjun , Qin Yali , Sun Xiaoman , Shen Hui
Published: November 2022

Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an obligate intracellular parasite classified as a fungal pathogen, which causes hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) in shrimp, resulting in large economic losses to the shrimp culture industry. However, the molecular mechanisms of how EHP affects hormonal regulation in shrimp were rarely reported. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the transcriptomic data of the hepatopancreas of EHP-infected and uninfected shrimp to study the hormonal regulation corresponding to EHP infection. The results showed that there were 157 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the hormonal regulatory level, of which 32 genes were upregulated and 125 genes were downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that many DEGs were enriched in ecdysis-related pathways, including EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Ten genes were randomly selected for qRT-PCR to verify the transcriptome sequencing results, and the results demonstrated that the expression of these genes were consistent with the results of the transcriptome. Our study provides an important dataset that contributes to further understanding of how EHP affects shrimp at the level of hormonal regulation. It provides a basis for further research and control of HPM.
Zoonotic Infection with Rabies Virus Leading to Fatal Encephalitis in Pediatric Patient – Case Report
Authors: Jugulete Gheorghita , Merisescu Madalina Maria , Bastian Alexandra , Zurac Sabina Andrada , Pavelescu Carmen , Luminos Monica Luminita
Published: November 2022

Rabies is a life-threatening and vaccine-preventable infectious disease and is triggered by an RNA virus, part of the Rhabdoviridae family, Lyssavirus genus. It is transmitted from infected saliva due to biting, but also from contact with infected blood or organs from rabid animals to humans. Children are at high risk due to their inability to defend themselves from infected animals and most deaths occur with a particularly high incidence in this category (under the age of 15 years). Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is standard and life-saving if given early after exposure. We are reporting the case of a ten-year-old female child, who was bitten by an unvaccinated cat ten days before admission to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit at National Institute for Infectious Diseases „Prof. Dr Matei Bals”, Bucharest. The child had category III cat bites and did not receive PEP. Suggestive clinical manifestations such as an altered general state, psychomotor agitation, auditory and visual hallucinations, and hypersomnia followed by aerophobia and hydrophobia were present. Despite the maximal treatment introduced from early admission (Human Rabies Immunoglobulin, anti-rabies vaccination, orotracheal intubation plus mechanical ventilation, vital functions’ support, parenteral feeding, symptomatic drugs) the evolution of the patient was unfavourable, namely death two months after admission. The diagnosis was established in both pre-mortem by identifying the rabies virus in the cerebrospinal fluid based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and post-mortem by a histopathological examination (which reveals the presence of Babes-Negri bodies in the hippocampus). The objective is to understand the mechanism of infection and mortality from rabies virus in children. Conclusion: The most effective prevention methods are early administration of specific prophylaxis (immunoglobulin and vaccination) and, most importantly, early elimination of animal rabies outbreaks, while rapid diagnosis is helpful in the management of human rabies in humans. The rate of human exposure may be significantly decreased by controlling rabies through pet immunization programs.
Predicting Soil Erosion Rate at Transboundary Sub-Watersheds in Ali Gharbi, Southern Iraq using RUSLE based GIS-Model
Authors: Ali Ammar Ak. , Al-Abbadi Alaa M. , Jabbar Fadhil K. , Alzahrani Hassan , Hamad Samie
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The empirical soil loss model, RUSLE, was used with a conjunction of remotely sensed data and geographic information system technology to delineate the soil erosion and watershed priorities in terms of conservation practices at seven boundary sub-watersheds (labeled as SW-00, SW-01, …, SW-06) between Iraq and Iran at Ali Al-Gharbi area, southern Iraq. The six factors of the RUSLE model, ie. the rainfall erosivity, the soil erodibility, the slope steepness length, the crop management, and management practice, were calculated or estimated using information from different data sources such as remotely sensed data and previous studies. The finding showed that the annual soil erosion loss ranges from 0 - 1890 (tons h-1 y-1) with an average of 0.66 (tons h-1 y-1). Values of soil erosion were classified into five classes: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The potential soil loss in the high and very high classes ranges from 14.84 to 1890 (tons h-1 y-1), and these classes occupy only 27 km2 of the study area, indicating that the soil loss is very low in the area being examined. In terms of the spatial distribution of soil loss, the northern and northeastern parts (mountains and hills) of the sub-watersheds where the slope is steeper are more likely to erode than the plain area in the southern and southeastern portions, indicating that slope, in addition to rainfall erosivity, has a dominant effect on the soil erosion rate. The study of soil erosion in the watersheds under consideration reveals that only the northern portions of the SW-00, SW-02, and SW-04 watersheds require high priority conservation plans; however, these portions are primarily located in mountain regions, making conservation plans implementation in these areas impractical. Due to low soil loss, other sub-watersheds, particularly SW-01, SW-03, SW-05, and SW-06, are given low priority.
The Journey of Cancer Cells to the Brain: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Mickael Michel , Łazarczyk Marzena , Skiba Dominik , Ławiński Michał , Horbańczuk Jarosław Olav , Religa Piotr , Sacharczuk Mariusz
Published: November 2022

Cancer metastasis into the brain constitutes one of the most severe but not uncommon development of cancer growth. Several factors control how cancer types interact with the brain to establish metastasis These factors include system of migration, system of infiltration of the blood-brain barrier and the interaction with host cells (e.g., neurons, astrocytes) and the immune system fight against metastasis in the brain. Although, brain radiotherapy is the main treatment procedure carried out to treat, new therapies are emerging that constitute a glimpse of hope for increasing the diminutive life expectancy currently forecasted to cancer patients who are facing the prospectus of brain metastasis. However applying these therapeutic strategies has been has not been effective. Thus there is a need for better understanding of the metastasis process in order to suggest novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we follow the journey of various cancer cells from their primary location through the various process that they undergo including EMT, penetration of the ECM, intravasation, extravasation and infiltration of the blood brain barrier ending up with colonization and angiogenesis. In each phase, we focus on molecules that could potentially be drug target candidates.
Ocean Acidification as Physical Indicator for Climate Change
Authors: Ba Naga Mohammed Hussein
Published: November 2022

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is expected to exceed 500 parts per million and global temperatures to rise by at least 2°C by 2050 to 2100, values that significantly exceed those of at least the past 420,000 years during which most extant marine organisms evolved. Under conditions expected in the 21st century, global warming and ocean acidification will be a greatly concerned.
Comparative Analysis of Faired-In Bulb and Bulbous Bow Ram Bow's Bulbous Bow Shape On Total Ship Resistance
Authors: Nuramalia Zabrina , Japri Ramadani
Published: November 2022

A General Cargo Ship is a ship that carries various kinds of cargo in the form of goods. The goods transported are usually packaged goods. Using a bulbous bow on the ship's bow is the best alternative. Bulbous bows are installed on ships with high speed to reduce drag, whose nature depends on the function of the block coefficient and Froude number of ships. Ships with particular Cb and Fn can use a Bulbous bow due to considering the advantages of a significant enough resistance reduction, or vice versa. This research is a general cargo ship model with a bulbous bow. They are using the main dimensions of the ship with Length Over All (LOA) 153.45 m, Length Between Perpendicular (LBP) 144.2 m, Length On Load Waterline (LWL) 147.8 m, and Breadth (B) 25.27 m. height (H) 13.5 m, Draft (T) 9.52 m, Speed ​​(V) 14.75 Knots. The magnitude of the resistance and practical power of the ship required to reach a speed of 14.75 knots on a ship with the Faired-in Bulb type obtained from maxsurf 431.9 kN and 4096, 548 HP. For Bulbous bow type Ram Bow ships, the resistance and adequate power obtained are 431.3 kN and 4090,683 Hp. The ship's power using the Bulbous bow Faired-in Bulb is more significant than using the Bulbous bow of the Ram Bow type.
Application of Risk Management In Shipyards Based SNI IEC/ISO 31010:2016 on New Shipbuilding Projects
Authors: Mustafa Wahyuddin
Published: November 2022

Shipbuilding in the shipyard needs to be analyzed for risk management to minimize and take action to avoid risk. Risk management techniques in SNI IEC/ISO 31010:2016, namely the consequence and probability matrix. This study aims to identify hazards in new construction works and determine the level of consequences and the probability of a risk arising. This research's benefit is knowing the danger and risk level category. This study uses qualitative research and data collection techniques through in-depth interviews or direct observation in the field. The results showed 14 hazards from 3 jobs: plate cutting, welding, and lifting. The risk analysis scale shows a very high risk (priority I). The high risk (priority II), medium-high risk (priority III), low risk (priority IV), and shallow risk (priority V) in new construction works at PT. XY
Digitalization of Indonesian Offloading Management Systems from FPSO to Shuttle Tanker
Authors: Palippui Habibi
Published: November 2022

Artificial Intelligence has experienced significant improvements, including its use in sustainable maritime security. This journal discusses the development of information systems that are interconnected and real time providing reports to all parties who need information. Overall, we find that the potential for oil sabotage is always present in the delivery of tankers from FPSO to shuttle tankers. The concept of integrated FPSO offloading management to tankers implies minimizing the potential loss of cargo. At the same time, the intelligent technology most often used to control maritime security is the Automatic Integrated System.
Use of Law by US States During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Respect to People Who Were Undocumented
Authors: DeGarmo Ellie , Rosen Joanne , Rutkow Lainie
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To systematically identify and analyze US state-level legislation concerning people who were undocumented during the COVID-19 pandemic, from January 2020 through August 2021.

Methods. Using standard public health law research methods, we searched Westlaw’s online database between November 2021 and January 2022 to identify legislation addressing COVID-19 and people who were undocumented. We abstracted relevant information, analyzed the data, and identified primary themes for each bill and resolution.

Results. Sixty-six bills and resolutions, from 13 states, met the inclusion criteria. Legislation addressed 5 primary themes: eligibility and access to health-related services (n = 16), health and personal information (n = 10), housing assistance (n = 13), job security and employment benefits (n = 14), and monetary assistance (n = 13).

Conclusions. Approximately one quarter of state legislatures introduced bills or resolutions regarding people who were undocumented and COVID-19. State-level laws are an important tool to mitigate the disproportionate impact of public health emergencies on vulnerable groups.

Public Health Implications. As states shift attention away from the exigencies of COVID-19, this research provides insight into how law might be used to protect those who are undocumented throughout the full cycle of future public health emergencies. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(12):1757–1764. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307090 )
Belediyelerin Otobüs Sürücülerinin İstihdam Kriterlerinin AHP ve SWARA Yöntemleri ile Belirlenmesi: Mersin Örneği
Authors: ARIKAN Özgür Uğur , ÖZTÜRK Esra
Published: November 2022

Yeni kamu işletmeciliği yaklaşımına göre, vatandaşlara kamu hizmeti sunan belediyeler, özel sektörde faaliyet gösteren organizasyonlar gibi müşteri odaklı bir yaklaşım sergilemelidir. Günümüzde özellikle hizmet sektöründe personel istihdam sürecinde yaşanan problemler, organizasyonların rekabet avantajını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Belediyelerin sunduğu en önemli kamu hizmetlerinden olan toplu taşıma sektörü de istihdam süreci önem arz eden alanlardan birisidir. Bunun temel sebebi, toplu taşıma hizmeti sunan personelin seçiminde oluşacak aksaklıkların, maddi kayıpların yanında can kayıplarına da sebep olabilmesidir. Bu çalışmada belediyelerde istihdam edilecek otobüs sürücülerinin seçimlerinde kullanılabilecek kriterlerin belirlenmesi ve ağırlıklandırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda literatüre dayanarak belirlenen 15 istihdam kriteri, Mersin Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nde otobüs sürücülerinin istihdamından sorumlu üç uzman tarafından AHP ve SWARA yöntemleri ile ağırlıklandırılmıştır. İki farklı yaklaşımın sonuçları kıyaslanarak ağırlıklandırma yöntemleri ve bulguların tutarlılığı incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın, sayısal olmayan personel seçim kriterlerinin sayısal olarak ağırlıklandırılabilmesine ve organizasyonların daha objektif ve güvenilir bir istihdam süreci yürütebilmesine katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Severity and Symptom Characteristics between Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 Variant Infections in the Australian Capital Territory: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gomez Algreg , Kelly Matthew , Sloan-Gardner Timothy S. , Voo Tze Vun , Kirk Martyn D
Published: November 2022

Background: Despite the widespread dominance of SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2 lineage) and Omicron (B.1.1.529 lineage) variants, there has been little information detailing differences in the presentation of symptoms and clinical characteristics. Characterising symptom and severity profile is important for understanding emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of all laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections notified in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia, between 12 August 2021 and 21 January 2022. Symptom data were ascertained through the initial case investigation interview, and by using either an automated survey or phone interview through routine public follow-up. The routine follow-up for the full isolation period collected individual symptom status and the specific symptoms experienced. We used validated vaccination status through the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR). We used a multivariable logistic regression model to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for hospitalisation with the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. We compared the difference in proportions of individual symptoms experienced using Pearson’s χ2 tests, Wilcoxon rank sum test or Fisher’s exact tests. We considered results significantly different where p-value was less than 0.05.
Results: We found that a higher proportion of individuals infected with Omicron (32% 144/452) were asymptomatic compared to those infected with Delta (12% 74/613). The most commonly reported symptoms for Delta infections are cough (62%, 381/613), headache (55% 338/613), fever (47% 290/613) and runny nose (47% 289/613). The most commonly reported symptoms for Omicron infections are runny nose (54% 242/452), cough (53% 240/452), sore throat (41% 181/452) and lethargy (39% 176/452). Cases infected with the Omicron variant had a lower odds of hospitalisation compared to cases infected with the Delta variant (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.16-0.53).
Conclusion: We found that symptom characteristics for Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 infections were significantly different. Furthermore, we found that individuals infected with Omicron were more likely to report no symptoms at all, although vaccination status may have played a role in this cohort.
Overall, infection with Delta was more likely to result in hospitalisation.
Monitoring of the Surfactants in Surface Waters in Slovakia and the Impact COVID-19 Pandemic for their Presence
Authors: Lobotková Martina , Hybská Helena , Turčániová Eszter , Salva Jozef , Hýrošová Tatiana
Published: November 2022

In order to keep the home and occupational environment clean and noninfectious, the consumption of the cleaners and disinfectants, including cosmetics, is increasing. Excessive use of the products results in their accumulation in an aquatic environment. The conventional wastewater treatment plants are unable to effectively remove the emergent pollutants, including the personal care products. The article is focused on the monitoring the presence of the personal care products in surface waters in two river basins in the Slovak Republic, in terms of the surfactant content. Ecotoxicological evaluation of the selected samples from monitored river basins is performed by an acute toxicity test using the test organism Daphnia magna. The monitoring results indicate the presence of the personal care products in the aquatic environment, where pose an ecological and environmental risk. Monitoring in the Hron and Nitra river basins confirmed contamination with the surfactants, to which the measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic contributed. The content of the surfactants in the personal care products is significant and their impact on the aquatic environment is not sufficiently monitored.