bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation system in the structure of the institutional environment
Authors: Fedorova N. E
Published: September 2024

Methods. The results were obtained by applying the methods of systems theory in its structural-functional version – to study the structure of the societal system as a basis for understanding the essence and structure of the institutional environment; concepts of logical and historical – when studying the process of transformation of elements of the societal system in the period of postindustrialism, as well as when establishing relationships between innovative and economic systems of society; the method of classifications – when distinguishing the main structural elements of the societal system; scientific abstraction – when formulating the essence of the category of «institutional environment». Results. It was established that there is no unified approach to the essence and structure of the institutional environment in modern scientific literature. It is proved that the definition of the structure of the institutional environment based on the selection of the main functions and the role of each of its elements allows to provide an essential characteristic of this concept. It was established that the main elements of the institutional environment are the socio-cultural system, the economic system, the political-legal system, the social system, the system of nature use, as well as the innovation system with its three subsystems: knowledge, information-communication and innovationtechnological. It is shown that each of the listed systems plays its own special role in the social system and has its own set of institutions at its disposal. Novelty. Based on the selection of the key parameters of the innovation system - its specific subjects, unique functions, original mechanisms and resources of self-development, as well as its specific institutions and organizations, it was possible to single out the innovation system into a separate element of society and separate it from the economic system. The analysis of the structure of the institutional environment made it possible to formulate the essence of this category as a set of basic economic, political-legal, societal, socio-cultural, ecological, and innovative institutions, that is, formal and informal rules, norms, procedures, restrictions, beliefs and customs that lie in value-cognitive, normative-legal and regulatory plane, and which in joint interaction determine the vector of socio-economic development of society. Practical value. Functional definition of the elements of the institutional environment and delineation of their spheres of competence allows for the development of effective mechanisms of influence on ensuring development goals with the help of specific institutions and mechanisms that each element of the institutional environment has at its disposal.
Methodological discourse of the global economy
Authors: Pylypenko H. M , Huzenko I. Yu
Published: September 2024

Methods. The research is based on the use of interdisciplinary methodology to analyze the phenomenon of modern globalization. The systemic approach is used to present the global economy as a complex, open system within which the economic, political, legal, and sociocultural components of human civilization interact with each other. On the basis of analysis and synthesis, the multi-aspect and multi-faceted nature of the concept of the global economy is determined, and through the use of the method of classifications, the theoretical and methodological approaches of interdisciplinary studies of global problems are distinguished. Results. The article examines the current trends in the development of the world economy. The interconnectedness and interdependence of the countries of the world, their economies have been demonstrated. It is shown that economic processes within the global economy are closely related to transformations not only in the economic, but also in the political, legal, social and socio-cultural spheres of the functioning of human civilization. The multi-aspect nature of the phenomenon of globalization, which gives rise to the ambiguity of its interpretation by different authors, has been established. Novelty. The use of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of globalization processes is proposed. The theoretical and methodological approaches of interdisciplinary studies of global problems are singled out. Practical value. Establishing the multifaceted nature of the phenomenon of the global economy and determining the features of an interdisciplinary methodology for its research will allow to obtain more advanced information about the patterns of functioning and modern trends in the development of the world economy.
Specific features of supply chain management of ukrainian firms in the conditions of european integration
Authors: Boichenko M. V , Osadchyi O. O
Published: September 2024

Methods. During the research, a range of general scientific methods of cognition was used, in particular, methods of analysis and synthesis – to study the features of the European integration of the new EU member states from the point of view of supply chain management, to study the content of EU Directives and Regulations on transport and supply chain management, a method of generalization – to assess the consequences of the impact of European legislation on supply chain management of Ukrainian firms. Results. The work offers a list of measures that should be taken by the management of Ukrainian firms in order to adapt their activities to the requirements of EU legislation and the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union. It is proposed to take into account environmental requirements, the need for servitization, changes in the configuration of the value chain, the potential impact of increasing the duration of the product life cycle on sales volumes, as well as solving the problems of reverse logistics and the possibility of reusing products when developing strategic business plans of companies. Novelty. The paper provides an assessment of the influence of Directives and Regulations of the European Union, aimed at creating a circular economy and ensuring the sustainable development of transport infrastructure, on the of supply chain management of Ukrainian firms. Practical value. The work contains a description of the challenges that the transition to the circular economy in EU member states creates for supply chains and value chains of firms, as well as recommendations for the management of Ukrainian firms to consider the impact of the circular economy on their business models.
Foreign trade of organic products in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Vahonova O. H , Tymoshenko L. V , Chornobaev V. V , Terekhov Ye. V , Hosalov Yu. S
Published: September 2024

Methods. In the course of study, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis – when determining the place of production of organic agricultural products in the general industry structure of Ukraine, as well as highlighting the main advantages of the development of organic agriculture in the Ukrainian economy in the context of ensuring sustainability; system approach – when establishing the relationship between organic production and achieving the goals of sustainable development; general and specific – when clarifying the specifics of trade in organic products on foreign markets in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development; statistical methods - when creating ratings of countries importing organic products in the EU. Results. The essence of the global concept of sustainable development is revealed and the position of Ukraine in achieving its goals in comparison with other European countries is determined. The place of organic products in the general structure of agricultural products is determined. The specific features of the formation of demand for organic products in the domestic market of Ukraine and the factors that determine it in foreign markets are analyzed. The dynamics of sales volumes of Ukrainian organic products on foreign markets, in particular the countries of the European Union, are shown. The ranking of the TOP 10 countries importing organic products of Ukrainian production to the European Union in 2022 is presented. Novelty. The relationship between organic production and the achievement of the goals of sustainable development was established. The advantages of the development of organic agriculture in the Ukrainian economy in the context of ensuring sustainability were determined. Practical value. The analysis of the volume of trade in organic products in the context of sustainability allows determining the priority directions for improving the trade balance of Ukraine and its promotion on the path to achieving the goals of sustainable development.
Technological approach in innovative activities of enterprises in formation of marketing products: socio-economic aspects
Authors: Chobitok V. I , Godunov S. D
Published: September 2024

Methods. During the research, the following methods were used as: logical and historical method – when studying the evolution of outdoor advertising under the influence of the emergence of new technologies; analysis and synthesis – when identifying key types of digital technologies that have an impact on increasing the efficiency of the company's marketing activities; factor analysis – when establishing the influence of innovative technologies in the format of LED-neon and 3D printing on the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Results. The evolution of the development of outdoor advertising is analyzed in view of the changes caused by the transition of the technical and technological system of society to a new, higher level. Modern trends in the development of the technical and technological factor have been identified, namely: the transition to the digital economy. The components of modern innovative technologies used in the field of outdoor advertising are singled out and their influence on the effectiveness of the company's marketing activities is demonstrated. Innovative technologies such as LED-neon and 3D printing are characterized, and their role in increasing the effectiveness of advertising campaigns through the creation of innovative technological marketing products in the form of digital billboards with LED screens and 3D projection is shown. The main socio-economic results of the use of digital tools in outdoor advertising are identified, which include: the possibility of creating complex and detailed advertising structures with high accuracy, which attracts the attention of potential customers; wider possibilities of using interactive elements and the possibility of personalizing advertising messages, which increases the level of customer engagement, as well as the level of trust and loyalty to the brand. This leads to an increase in the client base and an increase in the company's profits. Novelty. The article proves the effectiveness of digital technologies in ensuring the effectiveness of the company's marketing activities, in particular, the impact on the economic indicators of outdoor advertising. The relationship between the improvement of advertising through LED-neon and 3D printing and the growth of environmental awareness of consumers and social responsibility of business has been established. Practical value. It was determined that innovative technological developments are a critical element of successful interaction between contractors and customers in the field of implementation of outdoor advertising projects. They contribute to the growth of enterprises, increase the efficiency of their marketing activities and create stable socio-economic ties. Permanent implementation of innovative technologies and adaptation to turbulent market conditions will allow to achieve tactical and strategic goals, ensuring a high level of interaction and efficiency.
Leadership motivation in ensuring energy security of enterprises through intellectualization of the process approach in management
Authors: Arefiev S. O , Arefieva O. V , Antonenko K. V , Slastianykova V. I
Published: September 2024

Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, which were used to identify the components of energy security of enterprises; factor analysis – when establishing internal and external factors of the formation of motivation of leaders in the implementation of the energy saving strategy of their enterprises; comparison – when highlighting the specifics of classical theories of motivation. Results. The article examines the role of leadership motivation in achieving energy security of enterprises. Classical concepts of motivation are considered, in particular: Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, Vroom's expectancy theory, Deci and Ryan's selfdetermination theory, and Adams' equity theory. Their comparison was made and specific features were established. The internal and external factors that stimulate leaders to make decisions aimed at achieving organizational goals based on the implementation of a process approach are singled out. Personal ambitions and aspirations of the leader, as well as social and organizational conditions that determine his behavior, are identified as the main factors. The importance of transformational leadership in ensuring the energy security of enterprises is emphasized. It is determined that it stimulates creativity and innovation, which are key factors for increasing energy efficiency and stability of energy systems. Novelty. It has been proven that leadership in the field of energy security of the enterprise includes the ability of the manager to effectively manage the company's energy resources, ensuring the stability and efficiency of their use. This involves the development and implementation of energy strategies, risk management, the implementation of innovations and constant training and development of personnel. It has been established that the motivation of leaders is an important component of the successful implementation of energy security strategies. Practical value. This study will be useful for enterprises seeking to improve the efficiency of their resource management in order to ensure energy security.
Relevance of the digitalization process in the development of domestic enterprises in the context of socio-economic instability
Authors: Chobitok I. O , Kononov O. I
Published: September 2024

Methods. During the research, the following methods were used: systemic approach – when studying the process of digital transformation of the economy and its consequences for the functioning of enterprises; analysis and synthesis – when determining the advantages and challenges of introducing digital technologies into the economic activity of domestic enterprises; structural and functional analysis – when distinguishing the components of the cycle of information processes in CRM. Results. The cycle of information processes in CRM is considered and analyzed, covering the concepts on which the management activities of enterprises are based, including the collection, storage and analysis of information about consumers, suppliers, partners and information about relationships with them. Digitalization processes have been shown to provide tools to organize, automate and synchronize all aspects of customer interaction, including marketing, sales, customer service and support, and more. The main components of Big Data based on the use of big data analysis are defined and it is shown that it can significantly contribute to the development of enterprises in various industries. Businesses generate massive amounts of data from a variety of sources, including transactions, social media and sensors. Analysis of this data allows you to identify hidden patterns and trends, quickly react to changes and make operational decisions. Novelty. The article highlights the advantages and identifies the challenges of the digitization process. The key aspects of the implementation of ERP systems have been determined, which allows for the integration of various aspects of the company's activities, providing more accurate planning, control and analysis. This helps to optimize the use of resources and increase productivity, which is critically important in conditions of instability, when it is necessary to use the available resources as efficiently as possible. Practical value. It was determined that digital transformation significantly affects various aspects of enterprise activity, improving business processes, management models, communication with clients and consumers, as well as interaction with suppliers. The implementation of digital technologies contributes to increasing the efficiency, flexibility and competitiveness of enterprises, which are key success factors in today's dynamic market environment.
Economic strategies for the development of inclusive tourism for the rehabilitation and reintegration of veterans: current challenges and prospects
Authors: Ostrianin S. O , Bezuhla L. S , Bieloborodova M. V , Kulivar V. V
Published: September 2024

Methods. The research used a needs-based approach to assess the needs of veterans and identify ways in which inclusive tourism can meet these needs. Analysis of social entrepreneurship models using the method of analogy made it possible to adapt successful approaches from other industries to the development of inclusive tourism. Network analysis was applied to assess the external environment and relationships between stakeholders, as well as resource analysis (ResourceBased View, RBV) to assess the industry’s internal resources. A comparative analysis of international experience helped determine best practices that can be adapted to Ukrainian conditions. Results. It was found that inclusive tourism is an effective tool for the rehabilitation and reintegration of veterans, ensuring their socio-economic adaptation in the post-war period. Analysis of the needs of veterans showed that the main ones (access to medical and psychological support, professional rehabilitation and social integration) can be partially satisfied thanks to the development of inclusive tourism. The adaptation of social entrepreneurship models to the conditions of inclusive tourism made it possible to determine effective mechanisms for its financing. Network analysis revealed that the successful implementation of these mechanisms requires close cooperation between state authorities, the private sector and non-governmental organizations. Novelty. It was established that the development of inclusive tourism in Ukraine, which is focused on the rehabilitation and reintegration of veterans, can be significantly enhanced through the use of social entrepreneurship models that have not previously been used in this context. It was found that the adaptation of these models, in particular the introduction of social bonds and tax benefits, can ensure the sustainable financial development of inclusive tourism and, on this basis, meet the specific needs of veterans. Practical value. Specific recommendations for economic policy aimed at the development of inclusive tourism in Ukraine, with a special emphasis on the rehabilitation and reintegration of veterans, are offered. The introduction of social entrepreneurship models, in particular through social obligations and tax incentives, provides an opportunity to create sustainable economic conditions for the development of this sector. Such approaches contribute not only to meeting the needs of veterans, but also to intensifying the participation of the private sector and civil society in the economic development of the country.
Sustainable Development Goals: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Mahmud Sayeed
Published: September 2024

Abstract not available
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 6(2), December 2023; 1-2
Characterization of the Elderly Patients Admitted with Infection to a Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Zahedul , Das Arpan , Farhana Chowdhury , Saif Syed Hossain , Reza Md Farhadur , Saleheen Misbahus , Alam Md Syedul , Ghose Aniruddha
Published: September 2024

Background: The proportion of hospitalizations attributable to infectious diseases is high, and likely to increase further in the future as a result of the expected aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of comorbid conditions among the elderly.  The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients admitted due to infection in a tertiary-level hospital in Chattogram, Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) Chattogram. Two hundred and six patients aged ≥60 admitted with a diagnosis of infectious aetiology in the medicine department were enrolled according to set inclusion criteria. Patients were followed up for in-hospital outcomes after admission.
Results: Age ranges from 60-90 years with a mean age of 65.82 (±5.56) years) and 51.5% were male. Pre-hospital antibiotic was received by 108 (52.4%) patients and 7.4% had antibiotic prescribed by registered physicians The most frequent infections were respiratory tract infections (47.6%) and urinary tract infections (43.2%). Sixty-four (31.1%) patients developed sepsis and 17 (8.3%) required ICU support. Eleven patients expired in-hospital, indicating a mortality rate of 5.3%. Length of hospitalization ranged from 2 to 17 days, with a median of 6 days.
Conclusion: This study result suggests that infection-related hospitalization and outcomes of elderly individuals were high and their health seeking behaviour was poor.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 6(2), December 2023; 31-34
Imipenem Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates on Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Fatema Shanaz , Hossain Mohammad Alamgir , Mamtaz Syeda Shahnoor Hasina , Chowdhury Abu Hena Md. Saiful Karim , Hassan Abdullah Al , Ara Jahan
Published: September 2024

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in pregnancy, including Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) is associated with maternal morbidity and adverse pregnancy outcomes, like preterm birth and low birth weight. In spite of an association of ASB with adverse pregnancy results, screening and treatment is not done with much strength in our country. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns differ from region to region and in different global locations and are found to vary from time to time. This study was done to evaluate the susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates against Imipenem causing UTI in pregnant women.
Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted at the Department of Clinical Pathology, Bangabandhu Memorial Hospital, Chattogram During the period from January to June 2021. Urine sample from a total of 104 pregnant women was enrolled in this study. Isolation and identification of bacteria was done by conventional culture method and Imepenem susceptibility test, by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: Among the study samples, 31(29.8%) showed positive culture result and taken as confirmed UTI. E. coli (45.10%) was the predominant isolated bacteria followed by Klebsiella spp. (25.80%). 90% bacterial isolates were found sensitive to Imipenem and rest 10% were resistant. 93% E. coli showed sensitivity to Imipenem, whereas Klebsiella spp. showed 87.5% and Staphylococcus aureus showed 75% sensitivity to Imipenem. Both Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. showed 100% sensitivity to Imipenem.
Conclusion: Bacterial resistance against Imipenem is increasing day by day. So it should be kept as a reserve drug for severe life threatening condition.  
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 6(2), December 2023; 40-43
Evaluation of Interleukin-6 Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Dutta Shantanu , Haque Mahmudul , Islam MD Hafizul , Chowdhury Pratik , Mushtaree Sheikh Shafatin , Chowdhury Nasreen
Published: September 2024

Background: It has been suggested that inflammatory processes play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Individuals who develop type 2 diabetes show signs of low-grade inflammation years before disease onset. This low-grade inflammation has been assumed to be implicated in the pathogenetic mechanisms that cause type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Inflammatory mediators such as the IL-6 family of cytokines have been proposed to be involved in the events that lead to type 2 diabetes. IL-6 has immunoregulatory actions been proposed to affect glucose homeostasis and metabolism directly and indirectly by action on skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, pancreatic b-cells and neuroendocrine cells. Many studies have suggested the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, no references have been observed in Bangladesh regarding IL-6 and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It thus may highlight the importance of low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate type 2 diabetes patients' levels of interleukin-6.
 Materials and methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry Chittagong Medical College, Department of Endocrinology of Chittagong Medical College Hospital and Chattogram Diabetic Hospital. One hundred (100) type 2 diabetes mellitus patient was included in the study by nonprobability consecutive sampling. Important variables in this study were serum IL-6, BMI, waist circumference and duration of Diabetes Mellitus.
Results: The mean serum IL-6 level was 10.08±0.39 pg/ml in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Serum IL-6 was positively correlated (r 0.33, p <0.01) with waist circumference and duration of diabetes mellitus (r 0.26, p <0.05). The mean IL-6 was significantly different between BMI groups (F (2,97) =5.39, p=0.006) and was higher in the obese group (10.52±4.00) compared to the overweight and normal BMI (6.78±1.95) and overweight (8.08±3.15) group.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had increased serum levels of IL-6. It can give an insight into the possible role of sub clinical inflammation among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 6(2) December  2023; 53-57
The Effect of Intrathecal Anesthesia during Emergency Caesarean Section for Severe Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh Rukun Uddin
Published: September 2024

Background: Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia are common in Bangladesh and are one of the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to observe the effect and hazards of intrathecal anesthesia for the mangement of caesarean section for severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients. Management of these patients is very much important for the strenuous obstetrician and anesthesiologist both.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology and ICU of the IAHS (Institute of Applied Health Sciences) Chattogram from January 2022 to December 2022. Total 50 ASA grade 1 or 11, aged between 18-40 years, need urgent LSCS of 1-2 hours duration cases were selected purposively for intrathecal anesthesia. Patients with known cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, fetal distress, severe maternal distress, uncontrolled DM, presence of any contraindication, patient’s refusal for SAB, septicemia, BP>170/120 mmhg, altered coagulation profile, APH, IUD were excluded from this study.
Results: Among the study subjects, 30(59.68%) cases were primigravida patients- out of which five had severe pre eclampsia and 25 had eclampsia. Intraoperative shivering was observed in 18(29.03%) cases, postoperative shivering was observed in 16(25.80%) cases. Acute renal failure was found in 3(6%) cases, HELLP syndrome 10%, DIC 8%, abruption placentae 14%, pulmonary edema 4%, septicemia 16%, PPH 12% and postpartum eclampsia 22% cases. Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes in severe PET was observed in 04(6.45%) cases and eclampsia in 07 (14.51%) cases. Among them 10(20.96%) were eclamptic and 02(4.83%) had PET. p value was found 0.000 which is very highly significant.
 Conclusion: The outcome results of intrathecal anesthesia is better than general anesthesia.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 6(2) December 2023; 58-63
Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors in a Rural Population of Southeastern Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Satyajit , Dutta Pradip Kumar
Published: September 2024

Background: More than 75% of the population live in rural area in Bangladesh and morbidity and mortality due to Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) has increased over the last few decades in this country. Hypertension is a significant risk factor for NCDs, specifically cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine hypertension prevalence and associated factors among Bangladeshi adults in rural areas.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in selected rural areas in the Chattogram district of Bangladesh from January 2014 to December 2014. A total of 2500 individuals aged 18 years and above were determined by a multistage sampling method. Self-reported sociodemographic and hypertension-related data were collected using a structured case record form, and blood pressure was measured.
Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 32.5% (812/2500) [95% confidence interval (CI), 30.7-34.3] (Men: 34.4%, Women: 30.9%). The prevalence of hypertension was 21.1% and 43.6% in the £40 and >40 years age group, respectively (p<0.001). Hypertension had no association with the gender, educational level and monthly income of the respondents. Overall, 1268 (50.7%, 95% CI 48.8-52.7%) of the study participants had ever had their blood pressure measured. Among the 812 people with hypertension, 478 (58.9%, CI 55.5-62.2%) were aware of the disease. Of those familiar with the disease, 404 (84.5% CI 81.0-87.5%) were on treatment, and 285 (70.5%, CI 64.2-74.9%) had achieved disease control. Only 315 (38.8%, CI 35.542.2) were controlled among all people with hypertension.
Conclusion: Hypertension is highly prevalent (One in three) in Bangladeshi rural adults, while awareness, treatment, and control are low. The integrated context specific program must be designed and implemented at scale through a primary healthcare approach.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 6(2) December 2023; 78-82
Adenoviral Conjunctivitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mallik Chinmoy , Abedin Md Jainal , Hossain Mohammed Shoaib
Published: September 2024

Background: Adenoviral conjunctivitis is an infection of the conjunctive which is the mucous membrane covering the white part of the eye called sclera. Conjunctivitis also refers as pink eye causes conjunctiva inflammation. Adenovirus is responsible for 75% of viral conjunctivitis. Adenoviral conjunctivitis provider infection is still widespread in the US healthcare system and poses a serious risk to patient welfare. Some of the complex of adenoviral conjunctivitis include subepithelial infiltrates, pseudomembrane formation, corneal ulceration and conjunctival scarring. A recent development of the adenoplus assay which is a rapid test to detect adenovirus (Rapid Screening for pathogen Inc. USA) has made it possible to obtain results from samples within 10 minutes. Adenoviral conjunctivitis may produce a pseudomembrane, that is a membrane consisting of inflammatory cells, mucus and dead cells that could stick to the surface of the eye. This systematic review is aimed to design to provide an insight on the clinical characteristics, presentation and treatment about this issue.
Methodology: This current study is a systematic review to published studies and articles by using PubMed and Google. Search strategy using appropriate keywords and title.
Conclusion: The majority of viral conjunctivitis cases are due to adenoviruses, so effective management of conjunctivitis includes timely diagnosis, appropriate differentiation of the various etiologics and appropriate treatment.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 6(2) December 2023; 87-89
Education Failure Education Failure: Untold Tales of Bangladeshi Transgender’s Unquenchable Educational Aspirations
Authors: Islam Sadikul , Rahaman Muhammed Mahbubur , Rahman Md Arifur
Published: September 2024

This study examines the undocumented narratives around the persistent desire for education among transgender individuals in Bangladesh, highlighting the challenges they have encountered in their academic pursuits. Through an analysis of the stories provided by eight adult transgender participants, this research identifies noteworthy factors that have led to the disparity observed in the educational aspirations of transgender individuals. In conjunction with in-depth interviews and interpretive phenomenological analysis, a narrative inquiry approach was utilized to acquire a comprehensive comprehension of the participants' viewpoints regarding educational aspirations. The results of the study indicate several significant factors that contribute to the diminished educational aspirations of transgender students. The results of the study indicate several significant factors that contribute to the diminished educational aspirations of transgender students, such as falsified sex identity, social stigmas, bullying, abuse and harassment, teachers' ignorance and unhelpful behavior, economic hardship and poverty, and unfavorable learning environments. The findings have highlighted the need for more open and accepting environments for transgender children and young adults, particularly in family and educational settings. 
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 7-20
Action Research for Developing Teachers’ Pedagogical Skills in the ‘Out of School Children Education Program’
Authors: Islam Md Khairul , Rahman Mohammad Mojibur , Nahar Syeda Aticun
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to investigate the potential influences of action research on the professional development of teachers involved in the ‘Out of School Children (OSC) Education Program’ in Bangladesh. The qualitative approach was used with an action research component. Seventeen teachers from seventeen non-formal schools (learning Centers) from eight divisions were selected purposively. Semi-structured interviews, class observations, reflective diaries, and field notes were used to gather data. The thematic technique of qualitative data analysis was utilized. The results show that although every teacher from the seventeen learning centers engaged in very impromptu activities, their teaching-learning strategies were restricted to a few common exercises like group work, peer work, storytelling, reading aloud to each other while adhering to the teacher's instructions, and Club Day activities. The usual pedagogies of the learning centers were reciting the Quran together, singing the national anthem, and taking oaths. The results also show that teachers could reflect on their current pedagogical practices and create professional development strategies through a well-run collaborative action research project. The action research also revealed some noteworthy modifications of pedagogical practices. Numerous obstacles have been discovered and discussed. The results have implications for non-formal education research, practice, and policy. Even if the results of this qualitative research cannot be broadly applied because of its nature, there are instances where the process of implementing changes via an adaptable and tailored kind of action research could serve as a powerful model in a non-formal education setting. The results will also add to the body of knowledge in the fields of non-formal education, teacher preparation, and, more especially, the development of pedagogical skills in non-formal school teachers.
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 61-78
Linguistic Politeness while Exercising Teacher-power in the English Language Classrooms in Bangladesh
Authors: Al-Mamun Abdullah , Shaha Rahul Chandra
Published: September 2024

This study is an attempt to understand the impact of politeness principles used by the teachers while exercising certain powers in their classes.  In a language classroom, a teacher has to perform several roles, e.g. instructional, motivational, evaluative, and managerial. These roles associate a teacher in the milieu of exercising power (i.e. legitimate, referent, expert, reward, and coercive) in his/her classes. A teacher exercises powers through interactions. Effective interaction depends on appropriate use of politeness strategies. In this study, a mixed method approach has been used for collecting data. Four undergraduate level English classes of two teachers in two different universities within Dhaka city have been observed. The utterances of teachers have been scrutinized in order to identify teachers’ linguistic behaviour. The researcher recorded teachers’ utterances as qualitative data. Reduced data from classroom observations has been translated with a view to locating different types of powers exercised by the teachers. Questionnaire surveys have been used to collect quantitative data. This study has identified different types of power exercised by the teachers in their classes. Besides, it has provided a glimpse to what extent politeness strategies are being used by the teachers intentionally or unintentionally in order to save their students’ faces. Finally, the study has tried to show students’ perceptions towards teachers’ politeness and power exercise.
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 79-94
Learning through Facebook and YouTube: Perceptions of Students of University of Dhaka
Authors: Islam Saiful , Sakib A B M Najmus
Published: September 2024

In an age of globalization, social networking sites are integral to student life as in Bangladesh as well as globally. Among others, Facebook and YouTube are the most popular and widely utilized social networking platforms among Bangladeshi students. This article examines how students at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh use social networking sites (such as Facebook and YouTube) for their formal and informal studies. Following mixed methodology, data collection was completed using a structured survey questionnaire and a few semi-structured interviews. Social Learning Theory (SLT) is relevant for this research since social networking sites such as Facebook, YouTube, etc., have contributed to education through observation, imitation and modeling. Attending online classes, communicating with class teachers and classmates, collecting information about the class and exam schedules, uploading, downloading, and sharing academic materials, participating in group discussions, downloading tutorial videos of educational courses and informal education topics, and completing online coursework have come forth as the most prevalent uses of Facebook and YouTube by University of Dhaka students during their studies.
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 95-118
A Situational Study to Understand Health Literacy on the Conceptualizations of Scientific Literacy in Bangladesh: Where are We?
Authors: Hoq Tahmina
Published: September 2024

Scientific literacy encompasses many other big ideas, such as health literacy. In Bangladesh, there is still a dearth of studies to determine the current state of scientific literacy and health literacy. Therefore, our goal is to fill this research gap. That is to say, what is Bangladesh's current state of scientific and health literacy? A descriptive study was carried out, the data gathered from surveys was arranged, and statistical calculations were performed. This study finds that the participants are not very interested in learning about their surroundings and are not willing to engage in scientific discussions or use scientific knowledge to influence decisions or claims made by others about common health issues. The science curriculum does, however, subtly aim to prepare the next generation of knowledgeable scientists. Therefore, one may legitimately contend that the science curriculum still lacks the clarity necessary to properly train stakeholders. The results have implications for new curricula, curriculum materials, the teaching and learning process, and the public.
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 119-134
La diversidad de los enfoques patrimoniales de interés universitario
Authors: Sevilla Moróder Joaquín
Published: September 2024

La universidad es un espacio muy adecuado para tipos de patrimonio ligados al entorno y menos habituales de los museos convencionales; patrimonios inmaterial, natural o cientifico- técnico por ejemplo. La vinculación de estos patrimonios con las actividades de docencia e investigación de la universidad permiten una especial sinergia con la dimensión cultural que supone un museo universitario dedicado a ello. Es necesario un compromiso sostenido de las autoridades académicas (y financiadoras) con este tipo de proyectos que no siempre se da.
El valor educativo del horno moderno de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Granada
Authors: Serrano Arnáez Begoña , Hernández Ríos M.ª Luisa , Cambil Hernández M.ª Encarnación , Camuñas García Daniel
Published: September 2024

A lo largo de sus 500 años, la Universidad de Granada ha acumulado un valioso patrimonio, con un enfoque particular en el Campus de Cartuja. Este espacio histórico, que incluye el Horno de la FCCE, descubierto en 2003 y protegido desde 2016, forma parte de la hacienda de los Monjes Cartujos y refleja una significativa etapa de la historia local. Las iniciativas para su integración y visibilidad, que incluyen la formación de futuros maestros y actividades de concienciación, no solo han fortalecido la preservación del Horno, sino que también han enriquecido la comprensión del patrimonio de la ciudad.
Ethnomathematics Exploration of Multiplying and Measuring Activities on The Dome of The Great Mosque of Baitul Hakim Madiun City
Authors: Fisabilillah Ainun , Krisdiana Ika , Astuti Indra Puji
Published: September 2024

Ethnomathematics is a study that explains the relationship between culture and mathematics. Ethnomathematics is applied as a means to motivate, stimulate, overcome saturation, and give a new feel to mathematical learning. One of the cultures that can be studied with ethnomathematics is the mosque. This study aims to learn mathematical concepts and explore ethnomathematics in the building of the Grand Mosque of Baitul Hakim Kota Madiun, the explored building, namely the dome of the mosque. This qualitative research uses an ethnographic approach with data retrieval using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The research was conducted at the Grand Mosque of Baitul Hakim City of Madiun with 3 subjects being mosque administrators (secretariat admin, takmir, and marbot). The results of the research were obtained from mathematical concepts and ethnomathematics activities at the Grand Mosque of Baitul Hakim. The mathematical concept obtained is the geometric concept related to the flat construction of isosceles triangles, isosceles trapezoids, ellipses, and limas space structures. The ethnomathematics activity obtained is the activity of measuring and enumerating. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is ethnomathematic activity and there are mathematical concepts in the Grand Mosque of Baitul Hakim Kota Madiun that can be used as a learning resource by educators.
Development of Mathematics Learning Activities Using Mathcitymap at Sindu Kusuma Edupark to Learn Contextual Problem-Solving
Authors: Tyas Azkia Martiana Winarning , Herningtyas Ayu Putri Cahyanti Aurelia , Rudhito Marcellinus Andy
Published: September 2024

Contextual problem-solving abilities are very much needed in processes in the 21st-century era and can be done by providing meaningful experiences. This can also be called Outdoor Learning, namely involving students directly in the learning object. One application that can help learning outside the classroom is MathCityMap. This research raises the context of using ethnomathematics-based MathCityMap located at Sindu Kusuma Edupark. Sindu Kusuma Edupark is an educational tourist attraction located in Sleman, Yogyakarta. This research aims to develop students' contextual problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning using the MathCityMap application at the junior high school level. This research uses a type of development research called Research and Development (R&D). The method in this research refers to the 4D method which consists of 4 stages: definition, design, development, and dissemination. The results of this research are a series of learning activities using the MathCityMap application in the context of the Sindu Kusuma Edupark tourist attraction which colleagues have tested. The average assessment result is 80.5% with the feasible category. Based on these results, it was concluded that the MathCityMap activity developed by this researcher could be implemented in mathematics learning.
Collaborative Action Research in a Northern Early Childhood Educator Program: Professional Learning of Instructors and Interns
Authors: McDonald Erica , Simpson Charlene , McGregor Sarah , Peterson Shelley Stagg , Eisazadeh Nazila
Published: September 2024

This collaborative action research, carried out by early childhood education interns, with the support of their instructor and two university researchers, shows the empowerment of postsecondary students that occurs when they are responsible for designing and implementing research projects tailored to their placement contexts. The early childhood educator interns took up a stance as reflective practitioners who developed professional skills and knowledge in an area that was meaningful to them—teaching young children their Indigenous language. The interns shared responsibility for their learning with their instructor, who was also conducting research into her practice, gathering data to identify the impact of her new teaching approach on interns’ learning. The simultaneous use of collaborative action research methods at the instructor and intern levels provides research-based information for the larger professional field.  Additionally, the college instructor and the student interns are positioned as research-practitioners who use action research to support their professional growth.
Educative Spaces Full of Potential: Kairos Moments and Quantum Leaps
Authors: Evans Nelia , Hill Cher
Published: September 2024

In this paper I share stories about beautifully complex and novel pathways for learners on the margins within my under-resourced Grade 2 community school classroom. I challenged practices of schooling that produced static understanding of children, and ones in which they were compared to the average, by embracing kairos moments. Kairos moments are distinct spaces full of potential that ebb and flow in unexpected ways and may lead to unanticipated outcomes. Inspired by new materialist scholarship, I worked at the intersection of theory and practice to go beyond common inclusive and self-regulatory educational strategies, to focus on the complex relationships involving children and their material contexts. Through the story of the magic pencil and the story of the invisible string, I illuminate the infinite potential within pedagogical spaces.
Outdoor Play and Learning in Elementary Schools: A Critical Participatory Action Research Project
Authors: Zeni Megan , Schnellert Leyton , Brussoni Mariana
Published: September 2024

In this study, we enacted critical participatory action research (CPAR) within an online community of practice (CoP). The CoP was designed to build a community of outdoor play and learning (OPAL) practitioners. This paper describes how a cohort (n=18) of experienced Kindergarten to grade eight (K-8) teachers from across British Columbia shared their OPAL experiences and practice and the collective action taken. Regularly scheduled meetings over a six-month period resulted in dialogue that identified the need for quality resources that were accessible for all teachers. The concept of a website, developed for teachers by teachers experienced with OPAL, was initiated within the CPAR process. This article describes findings related to participation in a CPAR CoP, and the process of deciding upon and enacting shared action to support OPAL elementary school teachers.