bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN APPRAISAL OF SEED HEALTH OF RICE IR 20 AS INFLUENCED BY PROVENANCE AND GENERATIONS OF MULTIPLICATION
Authors:   Department of Seed Technology, PanditJawaharlal Nehru College of Agricultural , Karaikal 609 603. ., P PANDIAN , C DHARMALINGAM ,   Department of Seed Technology, PanditJawaharlal Nehru College of Agricultural , Karaikal 609 603. ., M SUBRAMANIAN ,   Department of Seed Technology, PanditJawaharlal Nehru College of Agricultural , Karaikal 609 603. ., R JAYANTHI ,   Department of Seed Technology, PanditJawaharlal Nehru College of Agricultural , Karaikal 609 603. .
Published: July 2023

Significant differences were noticed in the percentage infection of seed-borne pathogens and white tip nematode (Aphelenchoides besseyi christie) in 33 seed samples of IR 20 rice belonging to three generations of multiplication produced at 11 locations. (6 in Madurai District of Tamil Nadu and 5 from Pondicherry) Of them, seeds from periyakulam recorded very low infection of seed- borne pathogens. The seed produced at Theni were totally from nematode infestation. Besides, nine samples of certified seed produced at eight selected locations in Madurai District and one from Karaikal also revealed significant differences. Certified seeds from Sedapatti, Theppampatti and Thirumangalam were free of seed-bome pathogens and seeds from Kottampatti, Thirumangalam and Vinayagapuram were completely free from nematode infestation.
INTEGRATION OF VARIETAL RESISTANCE, INSECTICIDES AND THE PREDATORY WOLF SPIDER, Lycosa pseudoannulata IN THE SUPPRESSION OF RICE HOPPERS
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, M GANESH KUMAR , R VELUSAMY ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: July 2023

Studies were conducted at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore on the response of the wolf spider Lycosa pseudoannulata Boes et Str. to different insecticides on varieties exhibiting varied levels of resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) and the green leafhopper (GLH) Nephotettix virescens. (Dist.) Combination of varietal resistance and predator was found to play an important part in the suppression of both the pests. The mortality of BPH ranged from 96 to 97.67 per cent respectively on the resistant IR 62 and the moderately resistant IR 64 when treated with ethofenprox in the presence of the wolf spider. Ethofenprox applied either on the susceptible or resistant variety was very effective in suppressing BPH. Combination of varietal resistance and the wolf spider revealed that even maximum control could be evinced with a moderately resistant variety.
EVALUATION OF COTTON BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS UNDER COIMBATORE CONDITIONS
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, N.T JAGANNATHAN , R VENKITASWAMY ,   Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: July 2023

Field experiments were conducted at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 1991-92 and 1992-93 under irrigated conditions to identify suitable cotton based cropping system under Coimbatore conditions. Results revealed that cotton (MCU 5)-tomato (Co 3) gave a maximum net income of Rs.26,900 and Rs.33, 150 during 1991-92 and 1992-93 respectively. Cotton (MCU'S)- soybean (Co 1) and cotton (MCU 5) - maize (Col) systems also recorded more net income next to the cotton-tomato cropping system.
PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT RHIZOBIAL CULTURES IN GROUNDNUT
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Aliyarnagar 642 101, A CHRISTOPHER LOURDURAJ , V GEETHALAKSHMI ,   Agricultural Research Station,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Aliyarnagar 642 101, P DEVASENAPATHY ,   Agricultural Research Station,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Aliyarnagar 642 101, P NAGARAJAN ,   Agricultural Research Station,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Aliyarnagar 642 101, V MYILSWAMI ,   Agricultural Research Station,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Aliyarnagar 642 101
Published: July 2023

The results of a field experiment conducted for three consecutive years during summer 1990, 1991 and 1992 revealed that rhizobial inoculation significantly increased groundnut pod yield and returns under irrigated condition. Performance of rhizobial cultures TNAU 14, IGR 40 and IGR 40 6 was superior to other cultures tried. Though there was a response to rhizobial ioculation even at 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen (15 kg/ha), application of 7.5 kg N/ha along with seed treatment of Rhizobium resulted in higher benefit cost ratio. Groundnut variety VRI.1 performed better than Co.2
ECOLOGY OF THE WHITE BACKED PLANTHOPPER, Sogatella furcifera IN RICE
Authors:   Department of Environmental Sciences,Agriculrural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K GUNATHILAGARAJ
Published: July 2023

Field populations of S. furcifera (Horvath) at Coimbatore was generally very low and there was not much difference in the population level between the cultivars, Jaya and IR 36. Crops sown in the months of August to November harboured more hoppers. The population caught in the light traps was high during 1979-80 and very low during 1981-82. During the year there were three peaks of population. Only four weather parameters viz., maximum temperature, relative humidity (evening), sunshine hours and wind velocity contributed significantly to the population of S. furcifera attracted to the light trap and none contributed significantly to the field population.
EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS APPLICATION OF FYM AND NPK ON FERTILITY STATUS OF SOIL, YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE IN MAIZE
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry , Agricultual College and Research Institute,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K KAMALAKUMARI , P SINGARAM ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry , Agricultual College and Research Institute,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: July 2023

FYM and NPK were continuously added for over 20 years in the cropping sequence of maize-cowpea-finger millet in a Typic Ustropept clay loam soil at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbtore to study their effect on soil fertility and crop productivity. Among the ten treatments, FYM and NPK and increasing levels of NPK fertilization significantly increased the available N, P and K and organic carbon content in the soil and the biomass yield and uptake of major nutrients in maize being the 55th crop in this study. Continuous fertilization with N only resulted in depletion of available P and not much variation was observed for available K. Exclusion of S from fertilizer schedule had not resulted in adverse yield reduction.
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN SEMI-DRY RICE
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Botany,Agricultural College and Research Institute,TNAU, Madurai 625 104, T PRADYUMNA RAO , P GOMATHINAYAGAM ,   Department of Agricultural Botany,Agricultural College and Research Institute,TNAU, Madurai 625 104, G SOUNDRAPANDIAN ,   Department of Agricultural Botany,Agricultural College and Research Institute,TNAU, Madurai 625 104
Published: July 2023

Forty drought tolerant rice genotypes were used to study genetic variability, character association and path analysis between yield and its contributing traits under semi-dry cultivation in two environments. Irrespective of the environment, high phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance in spikelet sterility and leaf area index indicated the predominance of additive gene effects in controlling them. Difference in GCV estimates over the environments was found to be a good tool to find out favourable environment to exploit genotypic variation and to exercise selection for improvement of traits. Productive tiller number, harvest index and drymatter production had positive and significant correlation with yield in both environments. Harvest index and drymatter production showed positive and direct effect on yield, and a negative indirect effect on each other with yield.
RESPONSE OF SOLE AND INTERCROPPED MAIZE TO IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN LEVELS
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, College of Agricultue, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani 695 522, VARUGHESE KURUVILA , R IRUTHAYARAJ ,   Department of Agronomy, College of Agricultue, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani 695 522
Published: July 2023

Experiments were conducted at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore for four consecutive seasons during 1989 kharif to 1990 kharif to elucidate the response of nitrogen and irrigation levels under sole and intercropped maize Zea mays L. The first set of experiment showed a linear response of yield with an increase in nitrogen levels. The second set of experiment clearly revealed that the crop responded upto 187.5 kg N ha in both sole and intercropped situations. The intercrop did not cause either competitive depression or nitrogen transfer any level of irrigation or nitrogen. Irrigation at an IW/CPE ratio of 0.75 significantly increased the growth and yield of maize at all the levels of nitrogen and systems of cropping.
DEPTH OF INFESTATION BY THE ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH Sitotroga cerealella INTO PADDY, SORGHUM AND CUMBU GRAIN LAYERS
Authors:   Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K.N RAGUMOORTHY , K GUNATHILAGARAJ ,   Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: July 2023

Depth of infestation by the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (ver) into the different layers of both resistant and susceptible varieties of paddy, sorghum and cumbu was studied in laboratory using mylar film cylinders. Hundred eggs in a strip of cloth were placed at top of each column of grain and infestation was sustained for 10 weeks. Depth of infestation was more in susceptible varieties of paddy (10 cm), sorghum (7 cm) and cumbu (5 cm), which was 3 cm, 2 cm and 1 cm more than that was observed in the resistant variety of respective grains.
EFFECT OF SEED PRETREATMENTS ON THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF SOME VARIETIES OF SOYBEANS
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture P.M.B 2240Abeokuta Nigeria, D.A AGBOOLA
Published: July 2023

The effects of two seed pretreatments on the germination of seeds of eight varieties of soybean Glycine max L. were investigated. This is with the aim of improving germination and to determine the effects of these pretreatments on the rate of and total germination of the eight varieties used. Immersing seeds in 100" hot water for 20 and 40 seconds and soaking seeds for 5 and 10 minutes produced a total percentage germination of 70-100 within 4 days of sowing. The untreated but viable seeds of three of the eight varieties gave a total percentage germination of 70 within 8 days of sowing. The three varieties that generally responded to all the treatments by giving 100 per cent total germination include Sam Soy-2, TGX-563-02D and TGX 849-313D.
HIGH YIELDING FODDER GRASS SUITABLE FOR NORTH WESTERN ZONE OF TAMILNADU
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, C JAYANTHI , V VEERABADRAN ,   Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, C CHINNUSAMY ,   Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: July 2023

Production potential of nine perennial fodder grass entries was evaluated at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Paiyur during 1984-87. The cumbu napier hybrid grass Co J1 produced higher green fodder yield (250 t ha-1 year", exhibited a greater leaf to stem ratio (0.86) and high protein yield (8.41 t ha-1 under irrigated condition.
EFFECT OF UNDER GROUND TILE DRAINAGE ON YIELD OF ADT 36 RICE IN WET LAND SODIC SOIL
Authors:   Water Technology Centre,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, I MUTHUCHAMY , D CHANDRASEKARAN ,   Water Technology Centre,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: July 2023

A study was conducted at the Soil Salinity Research Centre, Trichy during 1986-1988 in two seasons to find out the efficiency of sub-surface drainage on reclamation of wet land sodic soil using rice ADT 36 Two levels of lateral spacing (10 m, 15 m) and two levels of depth of drains (60 cm, 90 cm) were incorporated in the experiment in a factorial randomised block design. The water used for irrigation and the soil types were sodic in nature. The clay pipes of 50 cm legth with 15 cm dia were used as drainage pipes. The plots with drain lines having lateral spacing 10 m burried at a depth 90 cm registered significantly the highest grain yield.
EVALUATION OF SINGLE AND THREEWAY CROSS HYBRIDS OF PEARL MILLET
Authors:   Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam 628 252 Tamil Nadu, G KANDASAMY , R SETHUPATHIRAMALINGAM ,   Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam 628 252 Tamil Nadu
Published: July 2023

Hybrids of five altered male sterile lines with 0.5 transferred genome (TG)(81A x 3383B, 81AxPb305B, 3383A x 81B, Pb 302A x Pb 305B, Pb 403A x Pb 405B) and four altered made sterile lines with 0.75 TG level (SIA x 3383B2, 3383A x 81B2, Pb 302A x Pb 305B2, Pb 403A x Pb 405B³) along with single cross hybrids of respective inbred male sterile lines and checks were evaluated during 1988-89 kharif and rubi. Significant differences were observed among the entries for all the characters in both the seasons. The three way cross (81A x Pb305B) x PIB 2231P out yielded the check X.5. The hybrids (3383A x 81B) x PIB 2231P and (Pb403A x Pb405B) x PIB 2231P recorded significantly higher yield than single crosses of their respective original A lines. The hybrids of altered A lines with 0.5 TG were found to be superior than the hybrids of respective altered A lines with 0.75 TG. Superiority of three way crosses over single crosses was observed which offered scope for the production of three way hybrids.
EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS ON SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF COTTON CV. MCU 7
Authors:   Dept.of Seed Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003, A.S PONNUSWAMY , T.V KARIVARATHARAJU ,   Dept.of Seed Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003
Published: July 2023

Seed yield and quality attributes were studied in MCU 7 summer seed cotton crop raised. under different levels of soil moisture stress treatments. Irrigation below 0.6 IW/CPW ratio registered significant reduction in seed cotton yield, seed yield, 100-seed weight, germination, vigour index and storability. The seed crop of MCU 7 should be irrigated prior to 0.61W/CPW ratio.
DIALLEL, TRIALLEL AND QUADRIALLEL ANALYSES FOR GRAIN YIELD IN MAIZE
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agrl. University,Aduthurai- 612 101, Tamil Nadu, S GIRIDHARAN , M.N PRASAD ,   Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agrl. University,Aduthurai- 612 101, Tamil Nadu, S.R SREE RANGASWAMY ,   Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agrl. University,Aduthurai- 612 101, Tamil Nadu
Published: July 2023

Diallel, triallel and quadriallel analyses were studied for grain yield in six maize inbreds. The mean phenotypic expression and range of variation for grain yields wassuperior in single cross hybrids than thethree way cross hybrids, parents and double cross hybrids, in the sequence mentioned. The general combining ability effect of the inbreds was pronounced in diallel only. The parent order was very clearly elcuidated in triallel and quadriallel. Though both additive and non additive gene action was observed in diallel, further partitioning the genetic components of variances in triallel and quadriallel analyses indicated predominance of non- allelic interactions involving dominance, suggesting that grain yield could be improved by heterosis breeding. Related inbreds could also be developed by selfing the superior crosses. The single cross hybrid 88/261 out yielded the three way or double corss hybrids. More number of economic hybrids for grain yield was observ ed in the three way crosses..
SEED DEVELOPMENT AND MATURATION IN FENUGREEK
Authors:   Rice Research Station,Ambasamudhram 627 401, K INDIRA , C DHARMALINGAM ,   Rice Research Station,Ambasamudhram 627 401
Published: July 2023

Sced maturation studies in fenugreek ev. Co I indicated that the seeds attained harvestable maturity 45 days after anthesis as evident from maximum germination and vigour. The seed moisture content at this stage was around 20 per cent. The seeds attained physiological maturity 40 days after anthesis as indicated by maximum dry weight of seed.
KERNEL EXPOSURE AND MICROBIAL SPOILAGE IN PARBOILED RICE
Authors:   Paddy Processing Research Centre, Thanjavur 613 005 Tamilnadu, S ANTHONI RAJ , K SINGARAVADIVEL ,   Paddy Processing Research Centre, Thanjavur 613 005 Tamilnadu
Published: July 2023

Kernel exposure due to husk opening in parboiling predisposes the parboiled paddy to microbial spoilage, heat development, breakage and loss in rice outturn during slow yard drying in humid rainy weather. When soaked paddy was steamed after addition of salt at 0.8 per cent (W/W) rice kernels were not exposed because the salt rendered closed grains to stay closed in parboiling. Salt treated closed grains offered protection to the rice kernel from mould invasion and withstood non-drying for seven days with superficial infection of moulds compared to the deeper infection in grains with exposed kernels. In a period of seven days of non-drying, parboiled paddy with exposed kernels sustained 51.2 per cent grain infection, yielded 57.8 per cent rice outturn with 55.2 per cent breakage, 18.6 per cent oil bran with a free fatty acid content of 34.9 per cent compared to 5.9 per cent grain infection, 67.5 per cent rice outturn with 11.4 per cent breakage, 28.9 per cent oil with 22.0 per cent free fatty acid in closed grains. Salt treatment to the opened grains at 0.6 per cent (W/W) level equivalent to the present in grains treated with 0.8 per cent salt offered only a slight protection indicating that it is the intactness of husk and non- exposure of kernels in closed grains that protect the rice kernel from spoilage than the protective action of salt.
GREEN MANURING FOR RICE WITH RHIZOBIUM INOCULATED Sesbania grandiflora
Authors:   Department of BioChemistry, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikara 680 654 Thrissur Kerala., K SURENDRAGOPAI , K SHIVAPPASHETTY ,   Department of BioChemistry, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikara 680 654 Thrissur Kerala.
Published: July 2023

The Rhizobium isolates were obtained from root nodules of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) grown in different soil samples. In Leonard jar experiment, the plants inoculated with the isolate. SG-5 gave maximum dry weight (1 g/plant), nodule number (47 per pl int) and total nitrogen content (51.80 mg/plant). Similarly pot culture experiment also revealed that plant inoculated with SG-5 isolate gave maximum dry weight (1.51 g/plant) and total nitrogen content (43.34 mg/plant). The response of rice crop to the incorporation of inoculated green manure was encouraging with respect to nitrogen content, phosphorus content and grain yield.
PY.5 (ARAVINDAR): A FINE SHORT DURATION RICE VARIETY
Authors:   Krishi Vigyan Kendra , Pondicherry, S SRINIVASAN , A.R MUTHIAH ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra , Pondicherry, R.S PURUSHOTHAMAN ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra , Pondicherry, P KUPPUSWAMY ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra , Pondichrry, SAVERY MOHAN ANDRE ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra , Pondicheery
Published: July 2023

A new variety of paddy, PY.5 (Aravindar) has been released by the Government of Pondicherry from the Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pondicherry for general cultivation. It was found to be a high yielder with good milling and cooking qualities. It recorded a mean grain yield of 6.3 tha with an increase of 12.5 and 43.4 per cent over IR.50 and TKM.9 respectively. It is semidwarf (90-95 cm) with long slender grain and matures in 100 to 105 days. It is moderately resistant to brown plant hopper and rice tungro virus with better storage potential.
FRUIT SEED WEIGHT AND SEED NUMBER AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CHARACTERS IN CHILLI
Authors:   Ph.D Research Scholar University of Connecticut USA, P USHA RANI
Published: July 2023

Outstanding cultivars could be developed successfully and efficently by concentrating breeding on yield components than on yield itself. Two yield components namely fruit seed weight (FSWT) and number of seeds/fruit (FSN) were studied utilizing the diverse chilli germplasm maintained at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. A fourfold variability was observed in each of FSWT and FSN and also in some other fruit characters. FSWT and FSN showed significant differences among the genotypes which included several high yielding cultivars popular in different States in India. The order of performance of the genotypes in respect of FSWT and FSN was similar. Positive correlation between FSWT and FSN was observed. Regression analysis indicated that FSWT was mainly dependent on FSN and FD positively and on FL (fruit length) and fruit length :fruit diameter ratio negatively. For obtaining higher fruit yield, genetic improvement in the characters namely FSN, FSWT, FD and fruit weight is to be aimed at.
HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY IN INTERVARIETAL CROSSES OF MAIZE
Authors:   Dept of Genectics And Plant Breeding,Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Banaras Hindu University,Varanasi 221 005, G.P RAO , B RAI ,   Dept of Genectics And Plant Breeding,Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Banaras Hindu University,Varanasi 221 005, S.V SINGH ,   Dept of Genectics And Plant Breeding,Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Banaras Hindu University,Varanasi 221 005, J.P SHAHI ,   Dept of Genectics And Plant Breeding,Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Banaras Hindu University,Varanasi 221 005
Published: July 2023

The combining ability and heterosis were estimated from a number of crosses comprising 10 elite varieties of Zea mays L. obtained from diverse geographical regions. 'AB male bulk' was the best general combiner for grain yield and kernel/row. Two single crosses viz AB male bulk x composite V2' and 'Hemant x CIMMYT Pool 23' significantly outyielded the standard check "Vijay Composite', and the hybrid check 'Deccan 103. for grain yield. The extent of heterosis over better parent and economic heterosis revealed that crosses which had higher estimates of heterosis for grain yield also exhibited higher estimates of heterosis for the major yield components as well.
CORRELATION AND PATH ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN NUMBER AND GRAIN WEIGHT USING SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN RICE
Authors:   Department of Plant Breeding,G.B.Plant University of Agriculture and Technology pantnagar, SHARMA JAG PAUL , R.K SINGH ,   Department of Plant Breeding,G.B.Plant University of Agriculture and Technology pantnagar
Published: July 2023

Genotypic correlation and path coefficient analyses of grain number and grain weight with total chlorophyll content, soluble proteins, peroxidase, mitochondrial ATPase and succinic dehydrogenase were carried out on eight rice genotypes at boot stage, flowering. 10- and 20 days after flowering. Correlation coefficients and direct and indirect effects varied with developmental stages. Soluble proteins showed significantly positive correlation with grain number per panicle at boot stage and with grain weight at flowering while mitochondrial ATPase activity indicated close association with grain number at flowering, with grain weight at 20 days after flowering.
OVIPOSITIONAL PREFERENCE OF Helicoverpa armigera TO TOMATO CULTIVARS
Authors:   Department of Sericulture Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,Coimbatore- 641 003, N SIVAPRAKASAM
Published: July 2023

Laboratory and field experiments on the ovipositional preference of Helicoverpa urmigera (Hubner) on tomato revealed that more eggs were laid on the under surface of leaves than on the petiole, inter nodal stem and calyx. Hairy varieties received more eggs than the glabrous varieties. The cultivar Paiyur-1 combining the character of less trichromes and longer calyx received less eggs than the cultivars Madanapalli and PKM-1,
APK 1 SORGHUM: A MEDIUM DURATION VARIETY FOR TAMIL NADU
Authors:   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, N MUPPIDATHI , R SANKARAPANDIAN ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, N SUBBARAMAN ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, S CHIDAMBARAM ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, S RAJARATHINAM ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, R MARIMUTHU ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, M SURESH ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, P VEERABADRAN ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, N JAYARAMAN ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, N GOPALASWAMY ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu, A MUTHUSANKARA NARAYANAN ,   Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai 626 101 Tamil Nadu
Published: July 2023

APK I sorghum variety (105-110 days) with medium stature is an imporvement over CO 26. APK I sorghum was released during 1996 for general cultivation in Tamil Nadu under rainfed and irrigated cultivation. Its average grain yield is 2619 kg/ha which is 19 per cent more than CO 26 (2207 kg/ha). Under irrigated condition, its yield potential is 4400 kg/ha. It is found to be highly suitable for cultivation under rainfed condition druing June-July and Sepetmber-October. It has got field tolerance to major pests and discases. It has high protein content in both grains and straw. The grains are suitable for feedmix for poultry and the straw as dry fodder for cattle.
RAJENDRA SADA PAT-1: A NEW HIGH YIELDING JUTE VARIETY
Authors:   Jute Research Station,Tingachhia, M ROHMAN , P.K SINGH ,   Jute Research Station,Tingachhia, B.K SINHA ,   Jute Research Station,Tingachhia, R.C CHOUDHARY ,   Jute Research Station,Tingachhia, V.K MISHRA ,   Jute Research Station,Tingachhia, . PHOOLCHAND ,   Jute Research Station,Tingachhia
Published: July 2023

A high yielding Corchorus capsularis Jute culture KTC-1 has been developed through pure line selection. It recorded a mean fibre yield of 3123 kg/ha, registering 15.41, 23.93 and 23.88 per cent increased fibre yield over the ruling varieties JRG 7447, JRG 212 and JRC 321 respectively. It has better quality fibre particularly in respect of fibre fineness. The incidence of major pests and diseases was relatively less in new culture. This culture has been released as Rajendra Sada Pat-1 for general cultivation in Jute growing tracts of Bihar.
EFFECT OF FYM, NITROGEN AND POTASH ON YIELD AND UPTAKE OF NUTRIENTS IN GROUNDNUT
Authors:   Regional Research Station,Vridhachalam 606 001,Tamil Nadu, S LOGANATHAN , J HELKIAH ,   Regional Research Station,Vridhachalam 606 001,Tamil Nadu, S THANGAVELU ,   Regional Research Station,Vridhachalam 606 001,Tamil Nadu
Published: July 2023

A study was taken up in the red lateritic soil of Vridhachalam to find out the effect of N, K, and FYM on the yield and uptake of nutrients in groundnut. The trial was conducted in three seasons in a randomised block design with 32 treatment combinations which consisted of 2 levels of FYM (0 and 6.25 tons/ha) four levels of N (0, 9, 18 and 27 kg N/ha), and four levels of K (0, 27, 54 and 81 kg K2 0/ha). The results showed that application of 9 kg N, 54 kg K2 0 and 6.25 tons FYM/ha significantly increased groundnut pod yield over the other levels tried. Oil content in kernel was enchnced by K application at 54 kg and 81 kg K2 0/ha. N and P uptake were increased by application of FYM at 6.25 t/ha and K at 54 kg K2 0/ha respectively.
THERMAL REQUIREMENT OF CROPS AND CROPPING SYSTEM SOWN ACCORDING TO RAINFALL PROBABILITIES
Authors:   Dry Farming Research Station Solapur, 413 002,Maharastra, C.B GAIKWAD , J.D PATEL ,   Dry Farming Research Station Solapur, 413 002,Maharastra, B.N GARE ,   Dry Farming Research Station Solapur, 413 002,Maharastra, J.D JADAH ,   Dry Farming Research Station Solapur, 413 002,Maharastra, M.R SHEWALA ,   Dry Farming Research Station Solapur, 413 002,Maharastra
Published: July 2023

Field experiments were conducted for five successive years on solc sunflower and sunflower + red gram intercropping system sown according to rainfall probabilities to understand behaviour of crops and cropping system in utilising thermal energy. The accumulated heat units and number of days for reaching various growth stages decreased with successive delay in sowing. The variation in accumulated heat units and number of days required for reaching various growth stages did not indicate any definite trend. The crop sown earlier received maximum thermal energy than later sown crop during all the year of experimentation. The heat units required to attain the harvesting stage marginally differ within the year under all sowing dates as evidenced from coefficient of variation.
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS OVER THE DRIFT LOSS IN SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
Authors:   College of Agricultural Engineering, Tamilnadu Agricultural University Kumulur Tiruchirapalli 621 712, R.M PADMANABHAN , D CHANDRASEKARAN ,   College of Agricultural Engineering, Tamilnadu Agricultural University Kumulur Tiruchirapalli 621 712
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of climatic factors viz., wind velocity, relative humidity and atmospheric temperature over the drift loss under sprinkler irrigation. The influence of climatic factors, Sixteen combinations of four sprinkler nozzle diameters and four pressures were studied for each irrigation with ragi as test crop. It was found that only wind velocity had consistant, positive and significant influence on the drift loss.
PHOTOSYSNTHETIC BACTERIA: ARE THEY PRESENT IN BIOGAS DIGESTERS?
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Microbiology,Tamil Nadu College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, P PANDIYARAJAN , S SANTHANAKRISHANAN ,   Department of Agricultural Microbiology,Tamil Nadu College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: July 2023

Attempts were made to isolate photosyntheite bacteria in transluscent biogas digesters made of fibreglass reinforced plastic which allow light to pass through. The results revealed the presence of purple non sulphur bacteria possibly of the genus Rhodopseudomonas in the digester.
FIELD STUDY ON CABLEGATION IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Authors:   College of Agricultural Engeering,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003, V JAYASUDHA , D CHANDRASEKARAN ,   College of Agricultural Engeering,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003
Published: July 2023

A field study on Cablegation Irrigation System was carried out at the TamilNadu Agricultural University campus to examine the soil moisture storage and uniformity of moisture distribution. The system's performance was tested varying the pipe gradients to 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 per cent and the outlet orientations to 60° and 90°. The system showed uniform depth of moisture storage along the lenght and depth of the Cablegation furrows whereas, the depth of storage decreased linearly from upstream to downstream end in the continuously irrigated furrow. The Uniformity Coefficient was found to be about 95 per cent, 20 per cent higher than that of the continuous. The overall performance of the system at both 60° and 90° orientations were good, only with slight variations in their moisture storage pattern at different pipe gradients.
CAPABILITIES OF POVIATS IN WASTE MANAGEMENT IN POLAND
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Pawlik Andrzej , Dziekański Paweł ,   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
Published: July 2023

Waste management has become a major challenge of the modern economy. A rational economy with depleting resources requires treating waste as valuable raw materials that can be reused, recycled or, as a last resort, to recover energy from it. Economic activities are increasingly carried out in modern conditions, which often may have negative impact on the environment. The level of economic development achieved has generated many initiatives and strategies aimed at developing the so-called green economy. The purpose of this study is to assess the spatial differentiation of waste management in counties in 2010–2020, which should trigger development of green economy in Poland. To achieve such a defined goal, the authors used various research methods. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method (TOPSIS) was used to build a synthetic measure. As a result of the research, the spatial diversity of poviats in Poland in waste management was confirmed.
TYPES OF REACTIONS OF ENTERPRISES TO FORCE MAJEURE AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES AS A CRITICAL FACTOR INFLUENCING THE ECONOMIC RECOVERY OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Filyppova Svitlana , Filippov Volodymyr ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Yangulov Elvin ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2023

Due to the rapid development of global processes and the emergence of new threats, including the COVID-19 pandemic and the military intervention of Russia in Ukraine, the recovery of Ukraine's economy has become an important task that requires acceleration and increased efficiency of relevant measures. Force majeure circumstances can become a critical factor that affects the activities of enterprises. Such circumstances cannot be predicted or foreseen, but businesses must be prepared for possible consequences and react to them. The response to force majeure circumstances should be timely, balanced, and effective. There are several types of responses to force majeure circumstances, including passive, reactive, and anticipatory responses. A passive response can lead to serious consequences for the enterprise, while a reactive response can help the enterprise cope with losses but not expand its activities. The most optimal is an anticipatory response, which involves active risk management and ensuring the readiness of the enterprise for possible force majeure circumstances. This can be achieved through various strategies and plans for emergency situations, careful analysis and risk assessment, as well as the application of crisis management systems. In conclusion, enterprises that are ready to respond to force majeure circumstances and use an anticipatory risk management strategy can achieve greater resilience and effectiveness in their activities. Therefore, a responsible attitude towards risk management, proper enterprise reaction, and readiness for force majeure circumstances are important factors for the effective and sustainable recovery of Ukraine's economy.
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors:   State University of Moldova, Furculița Tatiana
Published: July 2023

For several decades in the field of public administration, there has been a major interest in the implementation and use of performance measurement systems, systems which, in the opinion of some specialists, constitute the foundation of both increasing the responsibility of civil servants and improving the performance of public institutions. Although it is unanimously accepted that measuring the performance of public institutions contributes to "better governance", there are many public institutions or organizations that do not use this type of measurement, sometimes due to justified reasons and sometimes not. In this sense, theoretical but also practical studies alarmingly highlight two aspects related to performance measurement in public institutions: on the one hand, there is no major and real concern and interest on the part of public institutions in the use and implementation of performance measurement systems, and on the other on the other hand, the implementation of performance measurement systems and even the actual measurement of performance is done improperly, haphazardly, without interest and without support from the officials and managers of these institutions - this last situation putting the public institution in a state of confusion, turmoil and frustration. Thus, paradoxically, in many public institutions we are dealing with a performance measurement system that does not contribute at all to the improvement of aspects regarding the institution - improving the quality of the services provided and/or increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of internal processes.
FINANCIAL TRANSFORMATION OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS CONFLICTS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Khoma Iryna
Published: July 2023

It is substantiated the need of realisation and it is reviewed the essence of financial transformation of strategic management of the enterprise at the time of bifurcation point. Besides it is analysed in terms of the recommended key change of structure of financial resources in conditions of the identified business conflicts that allows effective influence on the reorganization of manufacture. Therefore overcoming a point of uncertainty it is possible to stabilize the financial and economic state of an economic entity by means of implementation of effective diagnostic techniques of its current level of economic protectability in order to monitor further changes in business. The article considers the approaches to early diagnostics of business conflicts within the system of business social responsibility forming during the process of thorough decision-making, and under the conditions of uncertainty regarding the flow of business activity for the purposes of ‘problematic’ companies’ crisis recovery. The study has shown that quality business activity should presuppose elements of early identification of signs of business conflicts with the search of possible instruments for neutralizing them. This is an important condition for development of business in the today’s society.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT VS INTERNATIONAL TRADE: MICROECONOMIC AND MACROECONOMIC ASPECTS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yasinska Tetiana
Published: July 2023

The problem of choosing between direct foreign investment and international trade is relevant both at the level of enterprises seeking to reach the foreign market and at the level of states interested in economic growth and improving the welfare of the population. The advantages and disadvantages of direct foreign investment, export, and licensing as ways for enterprises to enter foreign markets are formulated. The criteria for choosing a method of covering the foreign market by an international enterprise are highlighted. The content of the problem of confrontation between direct foreign investment and international trade at the macroeconomic level is revealed. The approaches of scientists to solving the question: do foreign direct investments destroy or supplement trade are revealed. The advantages and disadvantages of the American and Japanese approaches to foreign direct investment are evaluated. Recommendations have been formulated for the governments of the countries regarding the regulation of foreign direct investment flows in order to increase the welfare of the country and ensure the effective use of national resources.
THE MODEL OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A MECHANISM FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MARKETING POLICY OF TERRITORIAL ECONOMY MANAGEMENT
Authors:   State Tax University, Nemyrovska Oksana
Published: July 2023

This research paper enlightens about a public-private partnership as a management technology – a long term agreement between a national or local government and a private company. In terms of the economic crisis, the private sector acquires the status of an equal partner of the state to achieve the strategic objectives of the country's socio-economic development. Anti-crisis planning and recovery of the national economy is possible in case of establishing cooperation between the state, the private sector, and civil society institutions. This is feasible only under the condition of a public-private partnership formation (hereinafter - PPP). Moreover, the spread of PPP principles is connected not only with the state's desire to attract the private sector's financial resources to fulfil socially significant socio-economic development objectives. It also relates to using complex organisational, management and production technologies.
GLOBAL TRENDS AND NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SERVICE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Tubaltseva Natalia , Hryshyna Natalia ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Tubaltsev Anatoliy ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding
Published: July 2023

The paper examines general and national trends in the service sector development in the conditions of a sharp increase in competition on the world market. It is shown that at the current stage of the formation of a post-industrial society, the level of development of the service sector significantly predicts the level of development of other areas of industrial production. The paper shows that there is no single definition of the service sector among scientists and there are several approaches to the definition of the service sector in the scientific literature. The macro-economic features of the global development of the service sector are presented. It is substantiated that the functioning of the service sector in Ukraine has its own characteristics as a result of a number of objective reasons for the formation of market relations in the country, which ambiguously affect the functioning of the national economy. It is determined that in Ukraine there is a significant demand for the satisfaction of educational services, which has an impact on the growth of entrepreneurial activity in this direction. It has been investigated how management functions are performed at a specific small enterprise providing educational services and how this generally affects the competitiveness of this enterprise. On the basis of the conducted research, strategic prospects and global trends for the further development of the service sector are outlined.
A MULTI-POINT MODEL FOR THE VALUE DYNAMICS DESCRIPTION OF GOODS WITH A LIMITED LIFETIME
Authors:   Ukrainian Society of Appraisers Member, Pozdnyakov Yuri , Lapishko Maria ,   National University «Lviv Polytechnic», Zozulya Оleksandr ,   ADVISORI & RESEFRCH Ltd, Partner
Published: July 2023

The article concerns with the field of economic measurements performing by independent expert evaluation methods. The value/depreciation dynamics mathematical description main methodological principles of valuation object, which belongs to the movable property with a limited lifetime, are considered. The basic hypothesis suggests that all tangible assets of this class lose their value over time during useful lifetime due to the permanent depreciation. The indicator of such a goods current value decreases during the storage period, due to its usefulness decrease and functional depreciation signs appearance, caused by a partial or complete loss of the original consumer characteristics. Qualitative changes in the type of value/depreciation indicators dynamics regularities during the goods lifetime have been identified and analyzed. The application field of the known before mathematical model is considered, its shortcomings are revealed. It is shown that the known model does not provide relevant results for goods that are intended for long-term storage - in particular, for the "canned food" group of goods. The need to create a fundamentally different mathematical model which would take into account the presence of a constant price time period, is well-founded. The main requirements for such a model are formulated. A new type of multi-point mathematical model is proposed, which takes into account the possibility of evaluation object long-term storage without any significant loss of its value. Graphs of the value/depreciation indicators dynamics for specific goods with a limited lifetime are considered. A comparative analysis of known and proposed mathematical models was performed on a specific example from evaluation practice. Some conclusions, recommendations and limitations on proposed mathematical model application were formulated.
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINEʼS ECONOMY TO IMPROVE ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors:   Lviv National Environmental University, Zelisko Nataliia , Kolach Svitlana ,   Lviv National Environmental University, Vasylyna Orysia ,   Lviv National Environmental University, Perih Yuriі ,   Lviv National Environmental University
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to issues of foreign investment in Ukraine, since the effective implementation of investment activity is important for the development of the Ukrainian economy at the present stage and increasing the competitiveness of enterprises, necessary for its integration into the European socio-economic space The development trends in foreign investment to agriculture have been analysed. Gradual deterioration of the prerequisites for the development of agricultural foreign investments has been found by studying the trends of foreign investment to agriculture on the basis of statistical analysis of the dynamics of indicators of the amount of attracted foreign direct investment, their share in gross value added, gross agricultural income, labour productivity in agricultural production, and others. The investment attractive factors contributing to the expansion of investment ties of Ukraine, namely, the presence of rich natural resources and production capacities are analysed; developed infrastructure; relatively cheap and skilled labour; large capacious and almost competitive unlimited domestic market for most commodity items; scientific potential, etc. The threats of foreign investment for the host country are identified. It is proposed to identify and neutralize threats to the economic security of the agricultural sector within the framework of a program-target approach, which includes: identification of the source of threats, assessment and development of program-target measures aimed at neutralizing possible threats to economic security, analysis of the degree of importance of threats, economic evaluation of planned measures, development of a strategy economic security of agroregions. The work determined that ensuring sustainable development and economic security of the agricultural sector as sections of target programs should include measures to deepen interregional and intraregional integration using the latest management methods, rational use of land resources, transfer of agricultural technologies, etc.
CORPORATE SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AND METHODICAL PRINCIPLES OF ITS ECONOMIC DIAGNOSIS
Authors:   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Marushchak Svitlana
Published: July 2023

The categories «economic security of the enterprise», «corporate security of enterprises», «safe development of the enterprise» were defined and compared. The ratio of economic and corporate security has been established. The list of functional components of the enterpriseʼs corporate security is substantiated and their content is determined. The place of economic diagnosis of corporate security of the enterprise in the process of managing the corresponding system and the enterprise as a whole is determined. There is a well-founded need for economic diagnosis of corporate security of the enterprise. Information about the essence, purpose, subject and stages of conducting economic diagnostics is systematized. The correlation and essence of qualitative and quantitative research of the object in the diagnosis of corporate security have been established. Established methods of detection and systematization of threats. The list of indicators for quantitative assessment of the level of corporate security of the enterprise is substantiated. The basic rules for preparing information for diagnostics have been formulated.