bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Finance: Bridging Psychology and Economics for Rational Financial Decisions
Authors: Zhu Yujia
Published: December 2024

Behavioral finance bridges psychology and economics to provide insights into irrational financial decisions influenced by cognitive biases, emotions, and societal factors. This study examines personal money paradigms, cultural and societal influences, and advanced investment strategies informed by antifragile principles. Drawing examples from Taleb's Antifragile and Klontz's Financial Therapy, the paper synthesizes frameworks for aligning financial decisions with personal values and long-term goals. It emphasizes the role of cultural norms, societal scripts, and historical contexts in shaping financial behaviors. By integrating behavioral finance principles with strategies to counteract cognitive biases, such as loss aversion and overconfidence, the discussion highlights practical approaches to improving financial decision-making. Advanced strategies, including diversification, barbell approaches, and ethical investing, are explored to promote financial resilience and adaptability. This paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how personal and cultural dynamics intersect with behavioral finance, offering strategies for achieving sustainable and value-driven financial well-being.
FASSLING: Transforming emotional and coaching support through artificial intelligence (AI) innovation
Authors: Zhu Yujia
Published: December 2024

The global mental health crisis is compounded by barriers such as cost, accessibility, and stigma, leaving millions without adequate support. FASSLING (fassling.ai), an innovative artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platform, addresses these challenges by providing free, 24/7 multilingual emotional and coaching support through text and audio interactions. Grounded in inclusivity and compassion, FASSLING bridges gaps in traditional mental health systems by offering immediate, non-clinical support while complementing professional services. This paper explores FASSLING's design and implementation, emphasizing its user-centered features, including cultural adaptability, trauma-informed care principles, and active listening techniques. The platform not only empowers users to navigate emotional challenges but also fosters resilience and empathy, creating a ripple effect of societal compassion. Ethical considerations, such as ensuring user privacy and managing the limitations of AI, are central to FASSLINGs mission. By integrating advanced AI technologies with psychological best practices, FASSLING sets a new standard for accessible and inclusive mental health support, positioning itself as a transformative tool for global well-being. This case study highlights FASSLING's potential to redefine emotional support systems and drive positive change in mental health care worldwide.
Applying Design Thinking to Teach Physics and Mathematics: A Case Study on Building a Parachute and Analyzing Its Properties
Authors: Koumara Anna , Bakaloglou Michail , Polatoglou Hariton M.
Published: December 2024

Eleven high school students participated in a one-week STEM summer camp focused on designing and building parachutes to deliver fragile objects safely. Using the Engineering Design Process (EDP) as a framework, students explored how canopy size affects performance. They applied physics concepts such as terminal velocity, forces, and acceleration, alongside mathematical skills like diagram interpretation. The program incorporated innovative technologies, including 3D design and printing tools and the BBC micro:bit microcontroller. Students followed the EDP steps—designing, building, testing, and refining prototypes—while also discussing the nature of science and distinguishing it from engineering practices. The camp successfully met its objectives: students enhanced their understanding of physics concepts, grasped key aspects of the nature of science, and demonstrated the ability to follow the EDP. They designed and built two parachutes, collected and analyzed data from test falls, and drew meaningful conclusions. This study highlights the potential of integrating engineering, physics, mathematics, and the nature of science into STEM education. The findings suggest that guided use of the EDP and modern technologies can improve students' scientific knowledge and problem-solving skills, fostering a deeper engagement with STEM concepts.
Soils of Barro Colorado Island
Authors: Yavitt Joseph
B.
Published: December 2024

Soils on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) are described using formal soil survey. More than 750 observations are grouped into six soil forms: shallow stony fine loams, dark fine loams, gleys, heavy clays, pale-swelling clays, and red-light clays. Only the red-light clays are restricted to a tropical climate and are the characteristic deep, highly weathered, nutrient-depleted, acidic soils of the tropics. The other soil forms are less weathered, which is consistent with ongoing regional uplift and erosion despite the tropical climate. Less weathering is associated with poor drainage (gleys, heavy clay soils), chemical element retention (pale-swelling clay soils), and soil erosion removing the most weathered surface material on the steeper surfaces (shallow stony fine loams). BCI has a broad range of soils with different degrees of development, drainage, nutrient fertility, and capacity to store soil organic matter. Soil survey and soil classification are ongoing processes and refinement with more work is expected.
Early History of the Barro Colorado Island Forest Dynamics Project
Authors: Hubbell Stephen P. , Foster Robin B. , Rubinoff Ira
Published: December 2024

We recount a brief history of the origin and early years of the Barro Colorado Island Forest Dynamics Project (BCI FDP), beginning with concept development and planning in 1979, through the fourth census in 1995, by which time the funding, staffing, and scientific protocols for the project had fully stabilized. In the early years, there were many intellectual, logistical, and financial challenges to the establishment and continuance of the project, which survived through a combination of perseverance and luck. The BCI FDP is the proof-of-concept, first-of-its-kind, large-scale, long-term tropical forest dynamics plot in the world. The BCI FDP plot design and census protocols subsequently became the standard for the global network of large plots, coordinated by the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS), now known as the ForestGEO network. As of this BCI centennial year, the BCI FDP is in its 44th year.
Variation in Forest Structure, Dynamics, and Composition Across 108 ha of Large Forest Plots on Barro Colorado Island
Authors: Meakem Victoria , Wright S. Joseph , Muller-Landau Helene
Published: December 2024

In addition to the iconic 50-ha plot, Barro Colorado Island (BCI) hosts 58 ha of other large (≥6 ha) mapped forest plots censused for trees ≥20 cm in trunk diameter in 2004 and 2014, as well as several smaller plots. The 50-ha plot is located entirely on the Upper Igneous Unit geological formation and mostly in old-growth forest, whereas the other large plots include 37 ha in old secondary forest, and 11 ha on the Bohio Volcanic geological formation. Across the large plots, aboveground biomass and aboveground woody productivity are higher in old growth than secondary forest, and tree mortality rates are higher on the Upper Igneous Unit than on other geological formations. Tree species composition varies significantly but modestly with forest age and geology. These large plots are an important resource for scientists working on BCI and should be maintained and expanded to capture additional landscape-level variation.
An Introduction to Landscape-Level Variation Across the Barro Colorado Nature Monument
Authors: Muller-Landau Helene , Svenning Jens-Christian
Published: December 2024

The Barro Colorado Nature Monument (BCNM) encompasses considerable variation in soils, topography, and forest age, presenting an excellent opportunity to explore their influences on tropical forest structure, dynamics, and composition. An extensive trail network provides access to this landscape, and many forest mensuration plots provide information on forest structure, dynamics, and tree species composition. Here, we introduce variation in geomorphology, soils, and forest age across the BCNM; present basic information on all forest plots; and review ground-based studies on landscape-level variation in forest structure, dynamics, and tree species composition. We also present a new visualization of tree species compositional variation across BCI based on the data from Svenning et al. (2004). We close with recommendations for future research and an introduction to the following chapters in this section.
The Development of Leaf Trait Ecology on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
Authors: Santiago Louis S.
Published: December 2024

This review focuses on leaves as integrators of nutrient concentration, physiological capacity, and antiherbivore defenses. Leaf studies on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) were important for development of the leaf economics spectrum because they showed that under specific environmental conditions, contrasting species produced consistent leaf traits. Recent leaf trait studies at BCI link forest spectral reflectance to site and individual trees. The progression of discoveries highlighted in this history of concepts illustrates how BCI studies paralleled prominent ideas in leaf trait ecology, and for the trade-offs among allocation, defenses, and growth, drove the field toward synthesizing plant strategies globally.
Dimensions of Niche Differentiation Within the Barro Colorado Island Pioneer Tree Community
Authors: Dalling James W.
Published: December 2024

Pioneers are a guild of tree species dependent on recruitment in canopy gaps for their regeneration. They account for a significant fraction of Barro Colorado Island (BCI) tree species and exhibit wide variation in the traits influencing gap colonization, juvenile growth and survival, soil nutrient requirements, and adult longevity and size. Research on BCI has uncovered many trait relationships that either promote coexistence by equalizing recruitment success among species, or contribute to maintaining diversity through density-dependent seed mortality, or by partitioning habitats according to soil fertility, gap size, or adult persistence and timing of reproduction. Several features of pioneers, including high and predictable seed production, rapid growth, and manageable diversity, make them a good model system for understanding how biotic and abiotic interactions affect recruitment success and species coexistence. Furthermore, the future contribution of tropical forest to carbon storage will be strongly influenced by the relative contribution of pioneers to tropical tree communities.
Forest Fragmentation Effects on Pollination and Plant Genetic Structure
Authors: Murren Courtney J.
Published: December 2024

During the construction of the Panama Canal, forested hilltops were isolated from other forested areas by water. These islands in Lake Gatun, the largest of which is Barro Colorado Island (BCI), provide an excellent study system for examining population dynamics, gene flow, and species interactions in a fragmented forest landscape. A three-year study of the reproductive ecology of the functionally dioecious epiphytic orchid Catasetum viridiflavum showed that its specialized Euglossine bee pollinator, Eulaema cingulata, moved across the water to pollinate the orchids. Genetic structure analyses suggest interconnection among sites. Reproductive output and fruit set in fragments, however, varied across sites and years. Findings on genetic structure of trees and shrubs on BCI, and abundance patterns of pollinators and seed dispersers further the picture of the effects of forest fragmentation. Many open questions remain and advances in technology offer opportunities for interesting future work in the region and in fragmented habitats.
Insect Seed Predation on Barro Colorado Island
Authors: Gripenberg Sofia
Published: December 2024

The seeds of many woody plant species on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) are fed upon by insect seed predators—insects that develop inside the seed, killing it in the process. Studies conducted on BCI reveal that insect seed predation varies substantially in space and time as well as among plant species. A major rearing study (more than 200,000 seeds and fruits of 478 plant species and 369 species of insect seed predators) found that most insect species feed on a single local host plant species or a few closely related species. This suggests insect seed predators have the potential to contribute strongly to plant diversity maintenance, although they have received less attention than other plant enemy guilds. Given the strong foundation of prior work, the insect seed predators of BCI are an interesting and relevant target for future studies of plant diversity maintenance and the ecology and evolution of plant-enemy interactions.
Insights on Seed Defenses and Seed Dormancy from the Trees of Barro Colorado Island
Authors: Zalamea Paul-Camilo
Published: December 2024

Understanding how seeds interact with and defend against a wide variety of enemies is of paramount importance. Some seeds germinate as soon as they land on the soil surface, but others delay germination. Seeds can persist in the soil either in a dormant or nondormant (i.e., quiescent) state. Seeds are protected against enemies by secondary metabolites, which are usually allocated to enclosing structures, and the construction of hard or fibrous layers that can act as physical barriers. Defenses are costly, and the pool of resources that plants use to synthesize chemical defenses or build physical barriers is limited. Barro Colorado Island (BCI) contributions to seed biology have changed our understanding of seed defenses and seed-microbial interactions. For instance, BCI research revealed linkages between previously unrelated seed traits (e.g., defenses, dormancy). In addition to chemical and physical defenses, BCI research has also suggested that seeds of some species may be particularly dependent on protection from seed-inhabiting microbes. Here, I highlight some of the transformative contributions to seed ecology made at BCI.
Epiphyte Research on Barro Colorado Island
Authors: Zotz Gerhard
Published: December 2024

This chapter gives a historical perspective on one century of epiphyte research on Barro Colorado Island (BCI). As a starting point and reference for future work, I also provide (1) an updated species list of structurally dependent plants, which includes epiphytes, hemiepiphytes, and nomadic vines; (2) a color plate with photographs of epiphyte species that were reported after the publication of Thomas Croat’s Flora of Barro Colorado Island; and (3) a complete bibliography of work with BCI epiphytes from 1923 to 2022.
Epiphyllum phyllanthus: A Widespread Epiphytic Cactus
Authors: Andrade Jose Luis
Published: December 2024

Epiphyllum phyllanthus (Cactaceae) is a widespread epiphyte that lives high in the canopy of the Barro Colorado Island forest, most frequently on deciduous species such as Ceiba pentandra, Platypodium elegans, and Handroanthus guayacan. It has several traits that allow it to withstand drought in the forest canopy, including succulence, high relative tissue capacitance, and crassulacean acid metabolism. Special root features allow it to rapidly recover tissue water content and thereby take advantage of sporadic rains during the dry season. E. phyllanthus is also shade tolerant because photosynthesis and growth are maximal in partial shade.
Aechmea magdalenae: A Giant Terrestrial Bromeliad Common in the Shaded Forest Understory
Authors: Skillman John B.
Published: December 2024

Aehmea magdalenae (André) André ex Baker, a large terrestrial bromeliad, is widely distributed throughout the neotropics, including Barro Colorado Island in central Panama. This shade-tolerant plant produces approximately 2-m-tall rosette ramets with long spiney leaves. It spreads by rhizomes to form dense monospecific stands in the forest understory. Interestingly, this species uses crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) for photosynthetic carbon gain whereas most other tropical forest understory plant species rely on C3 photosynthesis. The biology and natural history of this plant are reviewed here, emphasizing its ethnobotanical significance, its role in structuring forest communities, and the functional significance of CAM for this plant’s ecological success on the forest floor.
The Polypore Fungal Genus Amauroderma
Authors: Ferrer Astrid
Published: December 2024

Amauroderma, a stipitate polypore wood-inhabiting fungus has been observed associated with standing-dead individuals of the legume canopy tree Tachigali versicolor. Because of the unusual monocarpic life history of Tachigali, where trees reproduce once before dying, I surveyed the distribution of this fungus in detail. Based on walking surveys of the Barro Colorado Island trail system and permanent plots over three years, I found that Amauroderma uniquely specializes on Tachigali, and furthermore is restricted to the roots of Tachigali trees that are either currently reproducing or that recently reproduced and died. Such strong host-specialization appears to be rare among polypore fungi. The association with reproductive Tachigali trees raises questions as to whether Amauroderma is parasitic and whether its presence is related to the tree’s reproductive events. Future sequencing and isotopic analyses are needed to determine the timing of infection and the nutritional mode of Amauroderma.
Understanding the Eco-Evolutionary Mechanisms that Maintain Genetic and Species Diversity of Tropical Trees on Barro Colorado Island
Authors: Jones F. Andrew , Hamrick James L.
Published: December 2024

The tree species on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) differ widely in their relative abundance and various life-history traits, including mating systems, pollen- and seed-dispersal syndromes, and genetic diversity. BCI researchers have been at the fore front of basic research in understanding the origin and maintenance of genetic diversity in tropical tree populations using innovative and state-of-the-art tools across the past 40 years. These studies have examined the role of evolutionary processes, including genetic drift, gene flow via seed and pollen, mating systems, and natural selection in shaping the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of tree populations. Here, we provide a short history and main findings of eco-evolutionary and population genetic research conducted on the island and nearby mainland. We then outline future areas of research that could further unite ecological and evolutionary research on BCI in the coming century.
Foliar Microbes as Drivers of Plant Performance and Trophic Dynamics
Authors: Griffin Eric A. , English Alexandra R. , Jeffrey Christopher , Carson Walter P.
Published: December 2024

Sometimes referred to as the “great unseen,” microbes (e.g., bacteria, fungi, protists) are by far the most abundant organisms on Earth. Although soil microbial communities and their impacts on plant communities have received extensive attention, comparatively little is known about leaf microbes and their interactions with plants and higher trophic levels, particularly in forests. We began a long-term research effort at the Barro Colorado Nature Monument in 2010 to assess the diversity, distribution, and impacts of foliar microbiomes – specifically bacteria that occur upon and within leaves –on seedlings and saplings of co-occurring tree species. We demonstrated that experimentally altering foliar microbiomes with commercial antibiotics had pervasive effects on plant traits, plant-plant interactions, and interactions with higher trophic levels. Taken together, our results suggest that these cryptic organisms may drive important trophic cascades and ecosystem-level patterns, including plant diversity, nutrient cycling, and net primary productivity in forest biomes.
CO2 Enrichment Experiments
Authors: Winter Klaus
Published: December 2024

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentrations have increased from 280 ppm in the nineteenth century to 420 ppm today and continue to rise at more than 2 ppm per year. CO2 is the substrate of photosynthesis, which plants convert into organic matter to grow. This chapter highlights experiments at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, especially those on Barro Colorado Island, that examined plant responses to experimental CO2 enrichment. CO2 augmentation stimulated growth in understory plants in situ under low light conditions and in tree seedlings on nutrient-rich but not nutrient-poor soil under medium to high light intensities, except for nodulated legumes, which responded positively even in nutrient-poor soil. CO2 augmentation consistently reduced water use per unit dry mass accumulated or CO2 fixed. Because plant phosphorus content increased with cumulative transpiration, lower rates of transpiration at increased CO2 concentrations may impede phosphorus uptake. This chapter discusses the implications of these observations for stand-level CO2 responses of tropical forests and emphasizes the need for large-scale CO2 enrichment studies in the tropics.
Orchid Taxonomy, Ecology, and Evolution
Authors: K. Zimmerman Jess , Ackerman James D.
Published: December 2024

In this chapter, we review key studies of orchids on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) and consider the history of the place from the context of taxonomic status and ecological and evolutionary theory. The contributions are varied yet played a key role in our understanding of orchid taxonomy, pollination, evolution of ant-plant interactions, and plant physiological ecology in epiphytic plants. The demography of epiphytic orchids is described in the context of epiphytism and meta-population dynamics. Along with information on reproduction and gene flow from BCI studies, a distinct characterization emerges of the tempo of evolution in orchids and how this has contributed to the extreme diversity of the group.
A Century of Plant and Ecosystem Research at Barro Colorado
Authors: Wright S. Joseph , Muller-Landau Helene C.
Published: December 2024

To introduce 100 years of plant and ecosystem research in the Barro Colorado Nature Monument (BCNM), we briefly review the history of the BCNM, including early botanical research and the most relevant colonial and recent political events. We then discuss the foundational advantages that have made the BCNM successful, including ease of access, relative safety, and on-site facilities and services, all of which have been sustained by financial support from the United States and Panamanian governments and private donors. These foundational advantages have in turn enabled the formation of a strong scientific community and the accumulation of knowledge, which have become major advantages and contributed to a positive feedback loop. We close by briefly introducing the chapters in this centennial volume, which review the contributions of research conducted in the BCNM to plant and ecosystem science.
Implementasi Sosialisasi Model Praktik Keperawatan Profesional Untuk Peningkatan Pengetahuan Perawat
Authors: Aeni Wiwin Nur , Sahati Chika  Maulani Rona
Published: December 2024

Abtrak: Kurangnya pengetahuan perawat tentang MPKP dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan mutu dan pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada klien, sehingga dibutuhkan sosialisasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perawat. Dikarenakan sosialisasi memuat tiga arti yaitu proses belajar, kebiasaan, dan yang terakhir sifat dan kecakapan. Hal ini selaras dengan tujuan MPKP yaitu untuk menjaga konsistensi asuhan keperawatan dan meningkatkan standar mutu pelayanan di rumah sakit dengan menerapkan suatu sistem, struktur, proses dan nilai yang berlaku.
Metode penulisan dalam karya ilmiah  akhir ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan pengisian kuisioner.
Setelah diberikan sosialisasi terdapat peningkatan dalam kategori metode mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 28,13% yaitu pada soal pre test 54,68% dan soal post test sebanyak 82,81%, dalam kategori pengertian mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 40,62% yaitu pada soal pre test 43,75% dan soal post test sebanyak 84,37%, kemudian untuk kategori komponen mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 45,32% yaitu pada soal pre test 42,18% dan soal post test sebanyak 87,5%. Kesimpulan dalam karya ilmiah akhir ini adalah rata-rata pada nilai pre test adalah 20,25% dan post test adalah 34%. Sosialisasi mampu memberikan pengaruh berupa peningkatan pengetahuan perawat mengenai MPKP. Sehingga diharapkan kepada pihak rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan jumlah menyusun program, kebijakan dan strategi pelaksanaan khususnya mengenai penerapan sosialisasi model praktik keperawatan professional sehingga dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit.
Сприяння гендерній рівності в національній поліції України в умовах воєнного стану: ключові тенденції
Authors: Немонова Л. Х. , Анісімов Д. О.
Published: December 2024

У статті розглянуто  сутність гендерної нерівності в поліції. Жінки-поліцейські, в період проходження служби, найчастіше  стикаються з різноманітними проявами упередженого ставлення до них, прямим наслідком чого є відсутність нормальної можливості реалізації ними власних прав у порівнянні із чоловіками на відповідних посадах у поліції. Гендерна нерівність у поліції проявляється через три основні аспекти: кар'єрні, особистісні та службові. Кар'єрні обмеження стосуються служби, добору на посади та обмежень у деяких напрямках роботи. Особистісні проблеми включають сексуальні домагання, сексизм та труднощі у поєднанні сімейних обов'язків з професійною діяльністю. Службові аспекти відображаються в недостатньому забезпеченні жінок одностроєм, залученні до чергувань і умовах служби. Жінки-поліцейські стикаються з різними формами упередженого ставлення, що ускладнює повну реалізацію їхніх прав та інтересів, у порівнянні з чоловіками. Під час воєнного стану особливо відзначається вразливість перед внутрішніми і зовнішніми чинниками, що впливає на гендерну рівність. Основні тенденції в напрямку досягнення гендерної рівності в поліції під час воєнного стану включають: забезпечення жінок-поліцейських одностроєм і спорядженням з урахуванням їхніх анатомічних особливостей, створення належних санітарно-гігієнічних умов, прозорий конкурс на посади, дотримання трудового законодавства, просвітницьку роботу щодо гендерного балансу, створення спеціалізованого підрозділу для реагування на випадки дискримінації, поліпшення психологічної підтримки та надання рекомендацій міжнародним партнерам на основі національного досвіду.
Ціннісно-мотиваційна складова особистісної готовності вчителів до впровадження STEM-освіти
Authors: Лозова О. В.
Published: December 2024

У статті висвітлено особливості ціннісно-мотиваційної складової особистісної готовності вчителів до впровадження STEM-освіти, що передбачає сукупність мотивів та ціннісних орієнтирів, які спонукають до підвищення якості освітнього процесу засобами STEM-освіти. З метою вивчення даної проблематики було використано методи: теоретичні – аналіз та узагальнення психолого-педагогічної літератури, емпіричні – анкетування; статистичні методи для узагальнення результатів дослідження. Вивчення ціннісно-мотиваційної складової особистісної готовності вчителів до впровадження STEM-освіти здійснювалось за показниками: ставлення до STEM-освіти, що відображає розуміння значущості STEM для сучасного суспільства та професійного зростання; прагнення до підвищення якості освітнього процесу засобами STEM-освіти, що охоплює внутрішню мотивацію вчителів до забезпечення якісного освітнього процесу через STEM-підходи; ціннісні орієнтири, які відображають основні установки та переконання і визначають наскільки пріоритетною для вчителів є STEM-освіта й готовність залучити учнів до її здобуття; сукупність мотивів, що складається з різних за своєю природою стимулів, які спонукають вчителів до впровадження STEM-освіти. Розподіл мотивів на «внутрішні» та «зовнішні» дає можливість зрозуміти структуру мотиваційної сфери педагогів, що впливає на їх особистісну готовність до впровадження STEM-освіти. Згідно з результатами дослідження, переважна більшість педагогів визнає цінність STEM-освіти, її позитивний вплив на якість освітнього процесу та формування важливих навичок у здобувачів освіти. Позитивне ставлення до STEM-освіти сприяє підвищенню мотивації до її впровадження у професійній діяльності. Поєднання внутрішньої та зовнішньої мотивації, що впливає на особистісну готовність вчителів до впровадження STEM-освіти показує різноманітність цілей – від особистісних та професійних до соціальних і матеріальних. При цьому внутрішні мотиви, такі як прагнення до підвищення якості освітнього процесу засобами STEM, підвищення рівня власного професійного та особистісного розвитку, для більшості освітян переважають над зовнішніми мотивами, такими як потреба бути конкурентоспроможними, фінансова мотивація тощо.
Điều khiển chế độ trượt cho robot Stewart Platform: Tiếp cận dựa trên mô hình bán vật lý
Authors: Trần Trung Kiên  , Vũ Đức Cường  , Nguyễn Danh Huy  , Nguyễn Trung Kiên
Published: December 2024

Bài báo này trình bày thiết kế và triển khai chiến lược điều khiển chế độ trượt (SMC) cho robot song song 6 bậc tự do, được biết đến với tên gọi Stewart Platform. Stewart Platform là một loại robot song song với cấu trúc gồm sáu thanh nối giữa nền cố định và nền di động, cho phép di chuyển và điều khiển chính xác trong không gian ba chiều. Nghiên cứu bắt đầu với việc mô hình hóa toán học chi tiết cho Stewart Platform, nắm bắt các đặc tính động học và động lực học phức tạp của hệ thống. Dựa trên mô hình động lực học của hệ thống, bài báo trình bày phương pháp điều khiển dựa trên chế độ trượt cho hệ thống Stewart Platform. Sau đó, mô hình Simscape, một môi trường mô phỏng dựa trên MATLAB, được đưa ra để kiểm tra và xác thực hiệu suất cũng như độ chính xác của bộ điều khiển. Các mô phỏng cho thấy sự cải thiện đáng kể về độ chính xác và độ ổn định, khẳng định tiềm năng của SMC trong việc nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động của robot song song. Kết quả mô phỏng được đưa ra trong video: https://youtu.be/7Y0hBNNKAZE
Carotid body tumor: the importance of preoperative embolization
Authors: Marín Juan , Zuñiga Paulo , Zamboni Gian , Marín Claudia
Published: December 2024

Carotid body tumors (paragangliomas) are highly vascularized, sporadic, and
generally benign neoplasms originating in the carotid body chemoreceptors. We
present the clinical case of a 65-year-old female patient, referred for asymptomatic
right cervical enlargement, with a preoperative study performed with cervical
Doppler ultrasound and angiotomography, compatible with a carotid body tumor. It
was resolved surgically after embolization of the tumor by complete resection with
minimal bleeding and preservation of neighboring cranial nerves. Biopsy reported a
carotid body paraganglioma.
Falso aneurisma femoral anastomótico asociado a enfermedad multianeurismática
Authors: Forero Escobedo Sebastián , Muñoz Hoyos Alberto
Published: December 2024

Los pseudoaneurismas anastomóticos y los aneurismas femorales verdaderos
son dos entidades arteriales infrecuentes y de baja incidencia, y juntas son menos
comunes aun. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 71 años con antecedente de
hipertensión arterial, quien tiene historial de múltiples intervenciones vasculares
de larga data: aneurisma de aorta abdominal con anastomosis aorto-biiliaca con
posterior bypass femoro-femoral cruzado por oclusión de la rama izquierda; y
derivación femoropoplítea por aneurisma de arteria poplítea izquierda. Presenta una
masa pulsátil de gran tamaño en la región inguinofemoral izquierda con ausencia de
pulsos poplíteo y pedio izquierdo con extremidad viable. En el estudio tomográfico se
observa un pseudoaneurisma de la arteria femoral común izquierda con trombosis
parcial, dependiente de la anastomosis distal del puente fémoro-femoral antiguo, y un
aneurisma verdadero fusiforme bilateral de femoral común y superficial con extensa
trombosis mural. Se decide realizar una intervención quirúrgica para resecar las
lesiones aneurismáticas mixtas, realizar un puente protésico ilíaco-femoral derecho y
reemplazar bypass fémoro-femoral cruzado; en ambos se incluyen derivaciones a las
arterias femorales profundas. Ante sospecha de trombosis del bypass femoropoplíteo
antiguo, se realiza tromboembolectomía de la pierna izquierda por medio de la femoral
superficial, se permeabiliza la anastomosis con recuperación de los pulsos distales.
Transaxillary approach for resection of fibroelastoma of the aortic valve: a minimally invasive strategy
Authors: Fortunato Germán A. , Gallardo Emanuel , Chrabalowski Martín , Kotowicz Vadim , Adrover Alejo
Published: December 2024

We describe the case of a 78-year-old female patient with a history of anticoagulated
atrial fibrillation and overweight, admitted for resection of a fibroelastoma of the
aortic valve using a minimally invasive right transaxillary approach.
How smooth is your ride? Comparison of sensors and methods for surface quality assessment using IMUs
Authors: Beeking Moritz , Wies Hannah , Steinmaßl Markus , Rehrl Karl
Published: December 2024

As a major component of riding comfort, surface roughness has a significant impact on peoples' decision to ride bicycles. Riding comfort is most commonly derived from accelerations measured by inertial measurement units (IMUs). However, roughness metrics from different works are not directly comparable as no ‘benchmark data’ exists. This work aims at alleviating this problem by comparing several well-established methods from literature on the same data. Furthermore, to quantify the effect of different sensor systems, for each test run data from both a smartphone and an industrial grade IMU were collected. To compare the derived roughness measurements, the reliability and stability of each sensor-method combination is calculated using non-parametric statistics. The results indicate handlebar mounted smartphones to be sufficient for surface roughness assessment. Furthermore, the selected roughness calculation method has the biggest impact on resulting assessments, above the impacts of both sensor and analyzed segment length. Based on the results, recommendations for surface roughness assessment are provided in the conclusion.
Developing Grade 2 Spelling Ability Using the Integrated CIRC Collaborative Learning Technique and Multimedia
Authors: Ponsawad Rapeepan , Intasena Autthapon
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of multimedia integrated CIRC learning management plan on grade 2 students’ spelling ability. The research employed a one-group experimental design in which a learning management plan based on CIRC principles, with the integration of multimedia, was used as the main intervention. The participants included 30 grade 2 students selected through clustered random sampling in a suburban province of Thailand. The study utilized a learning management plan comprising eight sub-lesson plans, as well as a spelling test of 30 multiple-choice items. The results analyzed using mean scores, standard deviation, percentages, learning management effectiveness (E1/E2), and a paired samples t-test. The findings revealed significant improvement in students' spelling abilities, with the effectiveness of the learning management plan reaching 84.22/88.77, exceeding the predetermined criteria of 75/75. This study contributes to educational research by demonstrating that multimedia-integrated CIRC is an effective approach for enhancing spelling skills in young learners.
Architecture of the Micro-learning Platform Mixed with Gamification via Metaverse to Promote Creative Problem-solving Skills
Authors: Tupthong Kassinee , Chatwattana Pinanta
Published: December 2024

The architecture of the micro-learning platform mixed with gamification via metaverse is a research tool that was initiated by the concepts of micro-learning integrated with the gamification mechanism. It is intended to be employed as a guideline for the instruction management that encourages learners to perform self-learning with small or short units of content so that they can understand the contents easily and spend a short time in learning. In addition, it is expected that the use of the gamification mechanism, which is a learning mechanism in the form of a game, in this learning platform can motivate learners to engage more in learning and overcome the challenges therein. This study also relies on the pre-experimental research method with the one-shot case study, in which all the research participants were willing to complete the questionnaire and the evaluation form under the policy of confidentiality and anonymity. The research results show that (1) the overall suitability towards the architecture of the micro-learning platform mixed with gamification via metaverse in terms of overall elements is at the highest level (Mean = 4.91, SD = 0.21), and (2) the overall suitability of the elements of the architecture of the micro-learning platform mixed with gamification via metaverse is at the highest level (Mean = 4.85, SD = 0.30), respectively. According to the research results, it can be concluded that the architecture of the micro-learning platform mixed with gamification via metaverse designed in this study can be applied as a guideline to further design other micro-learning platforms mixed with gamification via metaverse that can be practically used to promote creative problem-solving skills. In the meantime, the learning platform of this kind is believed to enable learners to improve their critical thinking skills with flexible problem-solving processes. All of these skills are considered highly important for the future careers of vocational students.
Het recht toekomstbestendig maken
Authors: Pasculli Lorenzo
Published: December 2024

Future-proofing the law. A research manifesto

Technologies are evolving increasingly faster. Criminals are equally fast to exploit technological change. Unfortunately, the law keeps lagging behind and seems unable to pre-empt these threats. The law is usually reactive, as it often responds to known problems rather than anticipating future ones. Moreover, lawmaking processes are notoriously slow. Therefore, new laws seeking to address emerging crime problems may be outdated by the time they come into effect. This article reviews some techniques to ‘future-proof’ the law by making it more proactive and resilient to change, with a view to setting a broader research agenda on this problem.
De toekomst van de gebiedsgebonden politieprofessie in een gedigitaliseerde samenleving
Authors: De Paepe Jasper
Published: December 2024

The future of the community policing profession in a digitized society

As dependence on technology increases, questions arise concerning the future of the police profession, particularly in relation to community policing and the human aspects of policing. With increasing digitalization, essential elements of the police profession are at risk of being lost, including personal involvement and the value of local expertise. This raises the question of whether technology and a strongly locally oriented police profession will still coexist in the future.
De toekomst van politieleiderschap
Authors: Hilhorst Fleur , van Hoorn Jaco
Published: December 2024

The future of police leadership

Our society is in constant change, due to a variety of social developments. This presents a significant challenge for the police organization. It is essential that employees, the organization, and leaders can handle this challenge in a resilient and vital manner. What does this require from police leadership, both now and in the future? There is a need for leaders who are focused on society and who connect with colleagues on a personal level. Leaders can enhance or diminish the well-being, work engagement, and performance of employees through their intrinsic motivation. They can do so by inspiring, facilitating, developing, and connecting with them, or by hindering them in these aspects. Research shows that to enable leaders to exhibit this type of engaging leadership more frequently, various organizational conditions are important; such as span of support, workload, role clarity and autonomy of leaders, and the degree of centralization within the organization.
Vijftig jaar Justitiële verkenningen: een gesprek met Hans Boutellier en Marit Scheepmaker
Authors: Bernasco Wim , van der Vecht Bob
Published: December 2024

Fifty years Justitiële verkenningen: a conversation with Hans Boutellier and Marit Scheepmaker

The 50th anniversary of Justitiële verkenningen (Judicial explorations) is an occasion to reflect and look forward with Hans Boutellier and Marit Scheepmaker. Both served as editors-in-chief while working at the Scientific Research and Documentation Center (WODC) and played a key role in shaping the journal’s direction. In this in-depth double interview, they discuss their personal experiences, the journal’s objectives, and its readership, while also reflecting on its evolution, its value to policy and society, and innovative ways to keep the content relevant in the future.
Effectiveness of a 3D printed model in emergency front-of-neck access training: a comparative study with the porcine laryngotracheal model
Authors: Narváez Moreno Carlos Arturo , Maureira Verónica , Papuzinski Cristian , Zúñiga Sofía
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Emergency front-of-neck access (eFONA) is the last rescue step in the difficult airway, recommended by the different anesthesia societies to solve the “can’t intubate, can’t oxygenate” (CICO) situation. This is a rarely occurring, albeit critical situation which may result in catastrophic clinical consequences, hence the need for continuous training in simulated circumstances.
Objective: To compare and analyze a 3D printed model with the porcine laryngotracheal apparatus traditionally used for surgical cricothyrotomy training.
Materials and Methods: Experimental study in which residents from the Anesthesia and Resuscitation and Otolaryngology specialization programs at Valparaiso University in Chile performed surgical cricothyrotomy in both simulation models. Fidelity with the two methods was assessed and differences were compared.
Results: Regarding palpation of the structures, the 3D model received better ratings in terms of all of the anatomical landmarks studied, except for the thyroid cartilage. Regarding the fidelity of the technique in both models, the 3D printed model had better ratings in terms of visualization, palpation and handling when compared with the porcine laryngotracheal apparatus.
Conclusions: The 3D simulation model could have advantages over the porcine models in terms of availability, standardization and potential for continuous training for practitioners whose clinical practice includes airway management.
Journal article with 'single quotes'
Authors:   Crossref, Bowman Sara
Published: December 2024

Abstract with "double quotes" and with 'single quotes' and an ampersand & and colon : and semicolon ; and parentheses ( ) question mark? forward slash / backslash \ at @ pound # dollar $ percent % carrot ^ equal= plus +
Understanding State Formation: The Role of Political Parties in South Sudanese State-crafting and Failure
Authors: Riak Jacob Dut Chol
Published: December 2024

State crafting, failure and, collapse is an interesting area of social science research, which has been remotely examined by comparative political scientists. The paper comprehensively examines the crafting and failure of South Sudanese state. It conceptualizes state, state-crafting, state failure and collapse. It surveys the role of political parties in understanding state-crafting and failure in South Sudan. Empirically, the paper argues that South Sudanese political parties particularly, Sudan People’ Liberation Movement (SPLM) have contributed in South Sudanese failure than crafting and prosperity. This is demonstrated through ethnicization of politics and politicization of ethnicity and through ethnic divisions. Using empirical literature, the paper discusses state crafting, failure and dissects the role of political parties in which SPLM has a big hand in the state failure of South Sudan. In its methodology, the paper deploys primary and secondary sources in tapping the understanding of the role of South Sudanese political parties in state-crafting and failure. Primary data include the use of questionnaires and interviews in comprehending state formation and in particular, the role played by South Sudanese political parties in nascent state-crafting and failure. Secondary sources include the use of literature review in understanding political parties and their role in South Sudanese state failure. The study uses a sample size of 200 respondents with sample types of persuasives and cluster sampling combined. The study also combines case study and process tracing methods to contextualize and validate causal chains and empirical casual processes of South Sudan state formation and role of political parties in state-crafting and failure. The results of the study indicate that SPLM as a main ruling party has a huge contribution in South Sudanese state failure. While other 28 registered political parties are ethnic-based given that because they don’t have national programmes across South Sudan, their contributed to South Sudanese state failure cannot be equated with SPLM. These 28 parties have their presence in the bomas, payams and counties only and have endeavored to promote ethnic divisions and violence in South Sudan. Finally, the paper draws conclusions on the need for civic role of political parties in state-crafting and democratization of South Sudan. The paper recommends future research on the role of SPLM party in reversing state failure and rescuing South Sudan from collapse.
Penerapan Prinsip Kehati-Hatian Bank pada Hapus Buku dan Hapus Tagih Kredit Macet bagi Usaha Mikro dan Kecil Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan
Authors: Illona Novira Elthania  , Tarsisius Murwadji  , Etty Mulyati
Published: December 2024

. Regulation of Law no. 4 of 2023 concerning Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector is used as a regulatory for banks in general in carrying out write-offs and write-offs, especially for MSE debtors. Seeing that post-Covid-19 conditions have made the business of MSE debtors even worse, banks have attempted to restructure credit affected by Covid-19 to reduce the bank's NPL ratio as a reference for the bank's health. However, when the reconstruction is not successful, the bank can carry out a conditional write-off and absolute write-off program as a solution to bad credit. In carrying out write-offs, the Bank writes off the total value of productive assets that cannot be collected from the balance sheet and recorded in the administrative account/off balance sheet. The act of write-off does not eliminate the bank's right to collect from its debtors, but the bank will continue to try to collect from its debtors until the credit the bank has provided can be paid in full. The aim of this research is to complete the settlement of bad debts through conditional write-offs and absolute write-off for the PPSK Law. This type of research uses normative juridical research. The types of data used in this research are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques using literature studies and field studies. The results of this research are that there are no provisions that regulate in detail the procedures for writing off and writing off bad debts for banks. This is addressed through each bank's internal policy which regulates procedures for write-offs and write-offs for MSE debtors.