bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microarray Image Segmentation Using Clustering Methods
Authors: Uslan Volkan , Bucak Ihsan
Published: June 2016

Microarray image processing is a technology for viewing and computationally measuring thousands of genes at the same time. Gene expressions provide information about the cell activity in an organism. Observing a substantial change in gene expressions between the cDNA (complementary DNA) microarray experiments of an organism can be a sign of a disease. The goal of this study is to make a fine distinction against the gene expressions in the microarray image processing. For this reason, two clustering methods have been experimented and compared. In this study we have specifically investigated the segmentation step of the microarray image. Other than the segmentation methods used in commercial packages we have used the clustering techniques. We have applied fuzzy c–means and k-means methods and observed the results.
Effects of Joint Replenishment Policy on Company Cost under Permissible Delay in Payments
Authors: Tsao Yu-Chung , Wang Ming-Yu , Lee Pei-Ling
Published: June 2016

In today’s severely competitive business environment, reducing replenishment costs has become one of the most important objectives for companies. This study deals with the replenishment problem under the condition of permissible delay in payments. To better reflect real-world business situations, we extend the traditional EOQ model by considering the situations of permissible delay in payments and multi-item replenishment. This study presents both single-item and joint multi-item replenishment models, and develop theorems to solve the problems. The objective of the single-item replenishment policy is to determine the optimal replenishment cycle time for each item while minimizing the total cost. The objective of the joint multi-item replenishment policy is to determine a common optimal replenishment cycle time for all items. Using computational analysis, we illustrate the solution procedures and draw conclusions. The results of this study can serve as a reference for business managers or administrators.
A Neural Network Based Traffic-Flow Prediction Model
Authors: Çetiner B. , Sari Murat , Borat Oğuz
Published: June 2016

Prediction of traffic-flow in Istanbul has been a great concern for planners of the city. Istanbul as being one of the most crowded cities in the Europe has a rural population of more than 10 million. The related transportation agencies in Istanbul continuously collect data through many ways thanks to improvements in sensor technology and communication systems which allow to more closely monitor the condition of the city transportation system. Since monitoring alone cannot improve the safety or efficiency of the system, those agencies actively inform the drivers continuously through various media including television broadcasts, internet, and electronic display boards on many locations on the roads. Currently, the human expertise is employed to judge traffic-flow on the roads to inform the public. There is no reliance on past data and human experts give opinions only on the present condition without much idea on what will be the likely events in the next hours. Historical events such as school-timings, holidays and other periodic events cannot be utilized for judging the future traffic-flows. This paper makes a preliminary attempt to change scenario by using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to model the past historical data. It aims at the prediction of the traffic volume based on the historical data in each major junction in the city. ANNs have given very encouraging results with the suggested approach explained in the paper.
MHD Flow of a Second Order/Grade Fluid Due to Noncoaxial Rotation of a Porous Disk and the Fluid at Infinity
Authors: Ersoy H.
Published: June 2016

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an electrically conducting second order/grade fluid past a porous disk is studied when the disk and the fluid at infinity rotate with the same angular velocity about non-coincident axes. It is found that the existence of solutions is in connection with the sign of the material modulus α1 for both suction and blowing cases. The effects of all the parameters on the flow are carefully examined.
E(5) Behaviour of the Ge Isotopes
Authors: Turkan Nureddin , Maras Ismail
Published: June 2016

The sufficient aspects of model leading to the E(5) symmetry have been proved by presenting E(5) characteristic of the transitional nuclei 64-80Ge. The positive parity states of even-mass Ge nuclei within the framework of Interacting Boson Model have been calculated and compared with the Davidson potential predictions along with the experimental data. It can be said that the set of parameters used in an calculations is the best approximation that has been carried out so far. Hence, Interacting Boson Approximation (IBA) is fairly reliable for the calculation of spectra in such set of Ge isotopes.
On Some Double Lacunary Sequence Spaces of Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Savas Ekrem
Published: June 2016

In this paper we introduce a new concept for lacunary strong P-convergent with respect to an Orlicz function and examine some properties of the resulting sequence space of fuzzy numbers. We also show that if a sequence is lacunary strong Pconvergence with respect to an Orlicz function then it is S θ r s (F) -convergent.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) Risk Decision Based on Support Vector Machines
Authors: Zengin Zeynep , Gürgen Fikret , Varol Füsun
Published: June 2016

This paper studies the risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) using support vector machines (SVM). A structured and globally optimized SVM system may be preferable procedure in the identification of IUGR fetus at risk. The IUGR risk is estimated in two stages: in the first stage, noninvasive Doppler pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA) and ductus venosus (DV) and amniotic fluid index (AFI) are retrospectively analyzed and the Doppler indices are applied to the SVM system to make a diagnosis decision on the fetal wellbeing as ”reactive” or “nonreactive and/or acute fetal distress (AFD)” on the nonstress test (NST) (training data). In the second stage (testing data), the decision is validated by the NST (target value). Experiments are performed on previously collected data. Fortyfour preterm with IUGR and without IUGR pregnancies before 34 weeks gestation are considered.The nonparametric Bayes-risk decision rule, k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), is used for comparison. It is observed that the SVM system is proven to be useful in predicting the expected risk in IUGR cases in this small population study. The PI and RI values of UA, MCA and DV are also effective in distinguishing IUGR at risk.
Bifurcation and Chaos of Slightly Curved Pipes
Authors: Sinir B.
Published: June 2016

Non-linear vibrations of slightly curved pipes conveying fluid with constant velocity are investigated. The curvature is taken as an arbitrary function of the spatial variable. The initial displacement is considered due to the geometry of the pipe itself. The ends of the curved pipe are assumed to be immovable simple supports. The equations of motion of pipes are derived using Hamilton's principle and solved by Galerkin method. The bifurcation diagrams are presented for various amplitudes of the curvature function and fluid velocity. The periodic and chaotic motions have been observed in the transverse vibrations of slightly curved pipe conveying fluid.
Discussion of "An Approximate Method for Free Vibration Analysis of Multibay Coupled Shear Walls" K. B. Bozdoğan and D. Öztürk, Mathematical and Computational Applications 12, 41-50, 2007"
Authors: Çatal Hikmet
Published: June 2016

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Efficient Boundary Value Problem Solution for a Lane-Emden Equation
Authors: Harley C. , Momoniat E.
Published: June 2016

An efficient method for determining an initial guess to an iterative solution to the boundary value problem y" + (k/x)y′ + δey = 0 solved subject to y′(0) = 0 and y(1) = 0 is proposed. This initial guess overcomes the instability that occurs at the boundary y′ (0) = 0 for k ≤ 1. When the iterative method becomes singular we can conclude that the maximum value of the critical parameter β has been determined.
Dynamical Behaviors of a Delayed Reaction-Diffusion Equation
Authors: Ge Zhihao
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we derive a delayed reaction-diffusion equation to describe a two-species predator-prey system with diffusion terms and stage structure. By coupling the uniformly approximate approach with the method of upper and lower solutions, we prove that the traveling wave fronts exist, which connect the zero solution with the positive steady state. Finally, we draw a conclusion that the existence of traveling wave fronts for the delayed reaction-diffusion equation is an interesting and difficult problem.
Effect of the Initial Deflection on Vibration Characteristics of the Rub-Impact Rotor System
Authors: Jia Jiuhong , Hang Tianqi
Published: June 2016

Based on an elastic rub-impact model, a dynamic model of a rubbing rotor system with an initial deflection was set up and motion equations were derived and solved numerically. Poincaré maps, rotor orbits and bifurcation diagrams were drawn to investigate the effects of the initial deflection distance and the initial deflection angle on the vibration features of the rub-impact rotor system. The paper concluded that the initial deflection had great influence on the motion forms of the rubbing rotor system.
Variational Approach to Solitary Solutions Using Jacobi-Elliptic Functions
Authors: Wu Yue
Published: June 2016

Partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations, and a variational formulation is then established. The trial function is chosen using Jacobi-elliptic function with some unknown parameters similar to the exp-function method. Various approximate solitary solutions are obtained when making the obtained variational principle stationary with respect to each unknown parameter in the trial-function. The coupled Zakharov-Kuznetsov equations are used as an example to elucidate the solution procedure.
The Extended G'/G-Expansion Method and Travelling Wave Solutions of Nonlinear Evolution Equations
Authors: Zhu Shundong
Published: June 2016

In this Letter, the G’/G-expansion method [M.L. Wang, X.Z. Li, J.L. Zhang, Phys. Lett. A 372 (2008) 417] is improved and an extended G’/G -expansion method is proposed to seek the travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. We choose the mKdV equation to illustrate the validity and advantages of the proposed method. Many new and more general solutions are obtained. Our solutions naturally include those in open literature.
Automated Extraction of Semantic Word Relations in Turkish Lexicon
Authors: Orhan Zeynep , Pehlivan İlknur , Uslan Volkan , Önder Pınar
Published: June 2016

This paper studies the extraction of semantic word relations found in Turkish lexicon. Main goal of the study is to build an effective lexical-conceptual database and contribute to natural language processing (NLP) studies in Turkish. Fundamental word relations to be studied are meronymy (part-whole), synonymy, antonymy and hypernymy (hierarchical). This study is an improvement of an earlier work [1] on semantic relations of Turkish lexicon. It was inspired by well known projects such as Rose [2], ThinkMap [3], and WordNet [4]. An online dictionary provided by Turkish Language Foundation (TDK) [5] is used as the corpus in this study. The dictionary contains more than 63K lexemes. Morphological analysis are done by using a tool called Zemberek [6]. The results are presented by means of obtained noun-pairs and their accuracy.
Reduction of Stress Concentration at the Corner Bends of the Anti-Roll Bar by Using Parametric Optimisation
Authors: Topaç M. , Enginar H. , Kuralay N.
Published: June 2016

Stress concentration at the corner bends of an anti-roll bar that is designed for an intercity passenger bus is reduced by optimising the shape of the critical regions. In order to do this, parameters which constitute the geometry of the stress concentrated regions are determined. The effect of these parameters on stress concentration is evaluated by using Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. Possible design options and their corresponding mass and maximum equivalent stress values are obtained by using finite element analysis. The results are assessed by means of response surfaces generated by FEA software. Transition form that gives optimum stress concentration is determined.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Impact Behavior of Concrete Beam
Authors: Kantar Erkan , Erdem R. , Anıl Özgür
Published: June 2016

The least well known loading type is the impact loading that are affecting on to RC structures. Several impact tests have been used to demonstrate the relative brittleness and impact resistance of concrete and similar construction materials. However, none of these tests has been declared to be a Standard test, at least in part due to the lack of statistical data on the variation of the results. In this study; total ten beam specimens at which five of them are manufactured from normal concrete compression strength without reinforcement are manufactured. Remaining five had high concrete compression strength. These specimens are tested under the impacts loading that are applied by dropping constant weight hammer from five different heights. The acceleration arises from the impact loading is measured against time. The change of velocity, displacement and energy is calculated for all specimens. The failure modes of the specimens with normal and high concrete compression strength are observed under the loading of constant weight impact hammer that are dropped from different heights. A finite element model that is made by using ABAQUS software is used for the simulation of experiments and model gave compatible results with experiments.
An Extended Heuristic Algorithm to Settle Reacting Objects on a Planar Surface
Authors: Tokatli Gorkem , Dundar Pinar , Challenger Moharram , Turaci Tufan
Published: June 2016

Graph theory is a key subject for both mathematics and computer science. It is used for modelling many problems such as maximal independent set, minimum covering and matching. In our study, we have extended the previous work on placing materials that may react with each other on a 2-D warehouse. We have modelled the problem using graph theory. Then, we have developed extensions on the heuristic algorithm which is using Paull-Unger method that finds Maximal Independent Sets. First two of these extensions include finding solutions with gaps for specific graphs, and meanwhile capability of performing replacement in any desired rectangle surface. The last and most effective extension is pruning unnecessary backtracking steps with the help of smarter heuristics in the algorithm.
Joint Determination of the Production Lot Size and Number of Shipments for EPQ Model with Rework
Authors: Chiu Singa , Gong Dah-Chuan , Chiu Chun-Lin , Chung Chia-Ling
Published: June 2016

This paper is concerned with joint determination of the optimal lot size and optimal number of shipments for an economic production quantity (EPQ) model with the reworking of random defective items produced. The classic EPQ model assumes a continuous issuing policy for satisfying product demand and perfect quality production for all items produced. However, in a real life vendor-buyer integrated-productioninventory system, a multi-delivery policy is used practically in lieu of the continuous issuing policy, and it is inevitable to generate defective items during a production run. In this study, all nonconforming items produced are considered to be repairable and are reworked in each cycle after the end of a production run. The fixed-quantity multiple installments of the finished batch can only be delivered to customers if the whole lot is quality assured at the end of the rework. Mathematical modeling is used and the longrun average integrated cost per unit time is derived. Convexity of the cost function is proved by the use of the Hessian matrix equations. A closed-form optimal productionshipment policy to the problem is obtained. A special case to the model is discussed. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the model’s practical usage.
Recovering Sinusoids from Noisy Data Using Bayesian Inference with Simulated Annealing
Authors: Üstündağ Dursun , Cevri Mehmet
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we studied Bayesian analysis proposed by Bretthorst[6] for a general signal model equation and combined it with a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to obtain a global maximum of a posterior probability density function (PDF) for frequencies. Thus, this analysis offers different approach to finding parameter values through a directed, but random, search of the parameter space. For this purpose, we developed a Mathematica code of this Bayesian approach together with SA and used it for recovering sinusoids from noisy data. Simulations results support its effectiveness.
A New Expression for Radial Distribution Function of Nuclear Matter
Authors: Manisa Fatma , Küçükbursa Atalay , Manisa Kaan , Babacan Tahsin
Published: June 2016

A Variational Monte Carlo Method (VMC) is used for the calculations of radial distribution function of nuclear matter. Urbana 14 v potential is used for the nucleon-nucleon interactions in the calculations. The new expression for radial distribution function of nuclear matter is obtained by fitting of Monte Carlo simulations results to a function.
Numerical Solution for Solving Burger's-Fisher Eguation by Using Iterative Methods
Authors: Behzadi Sh.Sadigh , Araghi M.A.
Published: June 2016

In this paper, a Burger’s-Fisher equation is solved by using the Adomian’s decomposition method (ADM) , modified Adomian’s decomposition method (MADM), variational iteration method (VIM), modified variational iteration method (MVIM), modified homotopy perturbation method (MHPM) and homotopy analysis method (HAM). The approximate solution of this equation is calculated in the form of series which its components are computed by applying a recursive relation. The existence and uniqueness of the solution and the convergence of the proposed methods are proved. A numerical example is studied to demonstrate the accuracy of the presented methods.
An Integrated Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making Method for Facility Location Selection
Authors: Boran Fatih
Published: June 2016

The facility location selection, which is one of the important activities in strategic planning for a wide range of private and public companies, is a multi-criteria decision making problem including both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Traditional methods for facility location selection can not be effectively handled because information can not be represented by precise information under many conditions. This paper proposes the integration of intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation aiming to obtain weights of criteria and intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method aiming to rank alternatives for dealing with imprecise information on selecting the most desirable facility location. To illustrate the application of the proposed method, a practical application is given.
Hermite Series Solutions of Linear Fredholm Integral Equations
Authors: Yalçınbaş Salih , Aynigül Müge
Published: June 2016

A matrix method for approximately solving linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind is presented. The solution involves a truncated Hermite series approximation. The method is based on first taking the truncated Hermite series expansions of the functions in equation and then substituting their matrix forms into the equation. Thereby the equation reduces to a matrix equation, which corresponds to a linear system of algebraic equations with unknown Hermite coefficients. In addition, some equations considered by other authors are solved in terms of Hermite polynomials and the results are compared.
An Integrated Neural Network Structure for Recognizing Autocorrelated and Trending Processes
Authors: Karaoglan Aslan
Published: June 2016

Data sets collected from industrial processes may have both a particular type of trend and correlation among adjacent observations (autocorrelation). In the present paper, an integrated neural network structure is used to recognize trend stationary first order autoregressive (trend AR(1)) process. The proposed integrated structure operates as follows. (i) First a combined neural network structure (CNN), that is composed of appropriate number of linear vector quantization (LVQ) and multi layer perceptron (MLP) neural networks, is used to recognize the trended data, (ii) then, the Elman’s recurrent neural network (ENN) is used to diagnose the autocorrelation through the data. Correct classification rate is used as performance criteria. Results indicate that proposed structure is effective and competitive with other combined neural network structures.
Analysis of Height Affect on Average Wind Speed by ANN
Authors: Ata Raşit , Çetin Numan
Published: June 2016

The power generated by wind turbines depends on several factors. Two of them are the wind speed and the tower height of wind turbine. In this study, the annual average wind speed based on the tower height is predicted using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and comparisons made with conventional model approach. The backpropagation multi layer ANNs were used to estimate annual average wind speed for three locations in Turkey. The Model has been developed with the help of neural network methodology. It involves four input variables-wind speed of measured location, desired height on measured location, height above ground level of measured location and Hellmann coefficient and one output variables-annual average wind speed. The model accuracy is evaluated by comparing the conventional model results with the actual measured and calculated values.
A Comparative Evaluation of Performance Based Analysis Procedures According to 2007 Turkish Earthquake Code and Fema-440
Authors: Erdem R.Tuğrul , Bağcı Muhiddin , Demir Ali
Published: June 2016

Chapter 7 of the 2007 Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC) entitled “Assessment and Strengthening of Existing Buildings” sets standards for assessment and rehabilitation of existing buildings. Linear elastic and non-linear evaluation procedures of 2007 TEC are applied to reinforced concrete buildings. 2007 TEC gives two methods for assessment and rehabilitation of existing buildings. Linear elastic and non-linear static evaluation procedures are proposed for structural evaluation. A performance-based evaluation methodology is used under three levels of earthquake ground motion intensities with different return periods. The performance acceptance criteria are based on demand to capacity ratios at critical sections for the linear evaluation procedures (equivalent seismic load method and mode superposition method) and material strains for the non-linear evaluation procedures (the non-linear static pushover analysis). Member performance limits are described for three damage levels, considering the anticipated failure mode and ductility capacity of each member. Structural performance is then calculated by accounting for the distribution of member damages over the building.. Consistency between the results of the methods used for seismic evaluation of existing buildings is of prime importance. For this purpose, an irregular structure of in plane (A3 type) and 3 story is considered. The target performance level of the building is obtained by applying the linear and the non-linear evaluation procedures. The results are given comparatively on the target performance level of the building. Furthermore non-linear procedure results are compared between 2007TEC and FEMA-440 Capacity-Spectrum Method (CSM) and Displacement- Coefficient Method (DCM).
The Approximate Solution of High-Order Linear Fractional Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients in Terms of Generalized Taylor Polynomials
Authors: Keskin Yıldıray , Karaoğlu Onur , Servi Sema
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we have developed a new method called Generalized Taylor collocation method (GTCM), which is based on the Taylor collocation method, to give approximate solution of linear fractional differential equations with variable coefficients. Using the collocation points, this method transforms fractional differential equation to a matrix equation which corresponds to a system of linear algebraic equations with unknown Generalized Taylor coefficients. Generally, the method is based on computing the Generalized Taylor coefficients by means of the collocation points. This method does not require any intensive computation. Moreover, It is easy to write computer codes in any symbolic language. Hence, the proposed method can be used as effective alternative method for obtaining analytic and approximate solutions for fractional differential equations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated with some examples. The results show that the method is very effective and convenient in predicting the solutions of such problems.
Modelling the Interaction between Water Waves and the Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Device
Authors: Şentürk Utku , Özdamar Aydoğan
Published: June 2016

The interaction between regular water waves and the oscillating water column (OWC) geometry is presented in this work. The OWC has a vertical cylindrical geometry, with walls of negligible thickness. Water waves are generated in a numerical wave tank, with the commercial CFD code Fluent, where the dynamic mesh feature and the VOF Model is used for wave generation and the water-air interaction, respectively. The flow is assumed to be viscous, unsteady and incompressible for the numerical model. To focus on the flow inside, 3D, single phase modelling of the OWC device itself is handled by adopting a piston-like pumping flow, using the free surface elevation data found in the former model as an input. To validate the results, a simplified theoretical model of a wave energy converter, namely the Japanese multi- OWC barge Kaimei is used. The theoretical model is based on the theory of a compressible air flow where the free surface elevation is assumed to be one dimensional.
Notes on the Computation of Laplace-Stieljes Transform for Lognormal and Weibull
Authors: Ke Jau-Chuan , Wu Chia-Huang , Pearn Wen
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we perform the computation of the Laplace-Stieljes transform of Lognormal and Weibull distribution, in which the upper limit of the definite integral from infinite to 1 by using proper transformation. Some advantages are found in this study.
Computing Eigenelements of Sturm–Liouville Problems of Fractional Order via Fractional Differential Transform Method
Authors: Ertürk Vedat
Published: June 2016

In this study, fractional differential transform method (FDTM), which is a semi analytical-numerical technique, is used for computing the eigenelements of the Sturm-Liouville problems of fractional order. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. Three problems are solved by the present method. The calculated results are compared closely with the results obtained by some existing techniques in literature. It is observed that FDTM can be utilized as an alternative tool for the solution of this type of problems.
Development of a Software to Determine the Emitter Characteristics and the Optimum Length of New Designed Drip Irrigation Laterals
Authors: Yurdem Huseyin , Demir Vedat , Degirmencioglu Adnan
Published: June 2016

An appropriate design of a drip irrigation system in order to increase the uniformity of water distribution with a high efficiency is of importance. The first step for the design is the determination of suitable length of laterals. In order to do this, the emitter characteristics and the friction losses of new designed laterals on which the emitters are placed must be known by laboratory experiments. On the other hand, mathematical models developed can also be used for the determination of friction losses in drip irrigation laterals. In this study, a software in Visual Basic 6.0 programming language was developed and it helps analyzing the data from a new designed emitter in order to find out the main characteristics and friction losses and to obtain the optimum lateral length of the lateral in the shortest time with an acceptable accuracy in. The software included several options for the selection of in-line or on-line emitter type, pressure compensating or non-pressure compensating emitters. The software calculates the optimum lateral length based on the measurement and model equations and utilizes the step by step procedure. Optimum lateral length criterias in the software such as Cu and qvar for non-pressure compensating emitter and lateral end pressure for compensating emitter were used. The comparison of optimum lateral lengths indicated a very good agreement between the experimentally obtained results and the results from the use of mathematical models for different criteria and different slope conditions. The differences in optimum lateral lengths between the experimental and calculated values obtained from the mathematical models ranged between -0.4 and 0.7%.
Elastic-Plastic and Residual Stresses in Clamped Thermoplastic Composite Laminates Loaded Transversely
Authors: Benli Semih , Karamolla Mustafa , Okumus Fuat , Sayman Onur
Published: June 2016

In this study, an elastic-plastic stress analysis was carried out in woven steel fibers- thermoplastic clamped composite laminates. The stacking sequences were chosen as [0/0]2, [15/-15]2, [30/-30]2 and [45/-45]2 for woven steel fibers – thermoplastic composites plates. The layers were chosen for symmetric and antisymmetric cases. The finite element solution was performed by using the ANSYS software. Solid 186 element was utilized in the solution. Normal stress components at the clamped edges were found to be higher than that at the mid point of the laminated plates. Normal stresses are tensile at the mid point of the clamped edges and compressive at the mid point of the laminated plates. Then, the residual stress components were calculated in the critical points of the composite laminates.
On the Coupling of Auxiliary Parameter, Adomian's Polynomials and Correction Functional
Authors: Hosseini M. , Mohyud-Din Syed , Ghaneai H.
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we apply He’s variational iteration method (VIM) coupled with an auxiliary parameter and Adomian’s polynomials which proves very effective to control the convergence region of approximate solution. The proposed algorithm is tested on generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equation and numerical results explicitly reveal the complete reliability, efficiency and accuracy of the suggested technique. It is observed that the approach may be implemented on other nonlinear models of physical nature.
Population Based Procedural Artificial City Generation Using Beta Distribution
Authors: Sen Baha , Çavusoġlu Abdullah , Göktas Haldun , Aydin Nesrin
Published: June 2016

Artificial city generation on computer graphics platforms introduce several problems from the point of view of the application programmer. Especially in the cases where the product is aimed for virtual reality applications, this becomes more important since the target is achieving city layouts akin to the real cities. The same is valid for the civil engineers where the layouts of the blocks/cities are determined in advance of the construction. An important parameter for artificial cities is the determination of the population distribution over the cities which in turn affect the overall appearance of the city or the blocks forming it. In this study, the Beta distribution has been used to disperse artificial city populations over the city blocks to generate cities that do not look to regular. The system uses HTF based maps and the produced 3D cities are quite realistic when compared to the similar products.
Bayesian Estimator of a Change Point in the Hazard Function
Authors: Karasoy Durdu
Published: June 2016

This article presents a new approach for obtaining the change point in the hazard function. The proposed approach is developed with the Bayesian estimator. Using a simulation study, mean value and mean square error (MSE) of proposed estimator are obtained and compared with the mean and MSE of traditional estimators. It is showed that the proposed estimator is more efficient than the traditional estimators in many cases. Furthermore, a numerical example is discussed to demonstrate the practice of the proposed estimator.
Prediction of Tire Tractive Performance by Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Çarman Kazım , Taner Alper
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between travel reduction and tractive performance and to illustrate how artificial neural networks (ANNs) could play an important role in the prediction of these parameters. The experimental values were taken in a soil bin. A 1-4-6-2 artificial neural network (ANN) model with a back propagation learning algorithm was developed to predict the tractive performance of a driven tire in a clay loam soil under varying operating and soil conditions. The input parameter of the network was travel reduction. The output parameters of the network were net traction ratio and tractive efficiency. The relationships were investigated using non-linear regression analysis and ANNs. The performance of the neural network-based model was compared with the performance of a non linear regression-based model using the same observed data. It was found that the ANN model consistently gave better predictions compared to the non linear regression-based model. Based on the results of this study, ANNs appear to be a promising technique for predicting tire tractive performance.
Effect of Slice Step Size on Prediction of Natural Vibration Properties of Bone Tissue
Authors: ALTINTAS Gokhan
Published: June 2016

Several vibration analysis procedures are used for determination of the level of bone loss, status of implant stability, modal damping factor and numerous other properties of tissues. The detection methods of bone properties are to compare the results of theoretical work with practical results. So, there are many options for processing of image data and establishing the finite element (FE) model that differentiation of calculated outputs is inevitable. Uncertainty of outputs can lead to mistakes while mechanical parameters or behaviors of tissue are determined. In this study, the effect of Micro-CT scanning intensity in connection with the reconstruction process on properties of the modal behavior of bone tissue were investigated. Results have shown that examined parameters have important effects on numerical values of the natural frequencies and modal behaviors. Furthermore, it has been revealed that numerical values and mode shapes must be considered together for properly understanding the natural vibration analysis of bone tissue.
On Helices and Bertrand Curves in Euclidean 3-Space
Authors: Babaarslan Murat , Yayli Yusuf
Published: June 2016

In this article, we investigate Bertrand curves corresponding to the spherical images of the tangent, binormal, principal normal and Darboux indicatrices of a space curve in Euclidean 3-space. As a result, in case of a space curve is a general helix, we show that the curves corresponding to the spherical images of its the tangent indicatrix and binormal indicatrix are both Bertrand curves and circular helices. Similarly, in case of a space curve is a slant helix, we demonstrate that the curve corresponding to the spherical image of its the principal normal indicatrix is both a Bertrand curve and a circular helix.
Analysis of a Modified Logistic Model for Describing the Growth of Durable Customer Goods in China
Authors: Ji Li-Qun
Published: June 2016

The ability of a modified logistic model for forecasting the growth of durable consumer goods in China was investigated. The fitting of the modified logistic model to the historical data uses a pattern search technique to establish the optimum parameter values. Two data sets on the quantity of air conditioner owned per 100 urban households at year-end and color TV set owned per 100 rural households at year-end were analyzed in this work. Additionally, the logistic model was applied to the same data. Both two models were compared using their goodness of fit to the historical data. The comparison has revealed that the modified logistic model is more appropriate for describing the growth of durable consumer goods in China.
Elasto-Plastic Stress Analysis in Laminated Thermoplastic Composite Plates with an Elliptic Hole
Authors: Örçen Gurbet , Gür Mustafa
Published: June 2016

In this paper, elasto-plastic stress analysis in laminated thermoplastic composite plates having an elliptic hole in the middle is examined by using finite element method. Composite plates consist of four orthotropic laminations and bonded symmetrically \([\theta^{0}/-\theta^{0}]\). Uniform loadings in vertical direction are applied to the selected composite plates. The loading and reinforcement angle are gradually increased from the yield point of the plate. The load steps increased as 0.0001 MPa at each iteration. Iteration numbers are chosen 25, 50, 75 and 100. A quarter of the plate is taken into consideration due to symmetry. Elasto-plastic stresses are obtained according to load steps and orientation angles.
Similarity Solutions for Boundary Layer Equations of a Powel-Eyring Fluid
Authors: Hayat Tasawar , Pakdemirli Mehmet , Aksoy Yiğit
Published: June 2016

Boundary layer equations are derived for the first time for the Powel-Eyring fluid model, a non-Newtonian model proposed for pseudoplastic behavior. Using a scaling symmetry of the equations, partial differential system is transferred to an ordinary differential system. Resulting equations are numerically solved using a finite difference algorithm. Effects of non-Newtonian parameters on the solutions are discussed.
Peristaltic Flow of Reactive Viscous Fluid with Temperature Dependent Viscosity
Authors: Asghar S. , Hussain Q. , Hayat T.
Published: June 2016

This article presents the analysis of peristaltic transport of reactive viscous fluid in a two-dimensional channel. We assumed that the exothermic reaction takes place within the channel under Arrhenius kinetics. The viscosity of fluid is taken temperature dependent. The nonlinear equations governing the flow are derived under the long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations. The power series solutions are constructed in terms of small powers of the reaction parameter. The graphical results are presented and the effects of embedded parameters on the quantities of interest are examined.
Temporal and Spatially Heterogeneous Finite Length Runs Analysis
Authors: Şen Zekai
Published: June 2016

Various problems in physics and engineering lead to the problem of run- length probability distribution function (pdf) in a finite time series. In this study to find the pdf of run-lengths in such a series, first infinite sequence properties are reviewed and then finite series run length pdf is derived on the basis of simple set theory. This paper presents the derivation of exact run length pdf in finite length dependent series. In the derivation, two different definitions of runs are considered as the integration method for infinite series and combinatorial analysis for finite time series. The analytical derivations are solved numerically and the results are presented in forms of cumulative pdf, expectation, variance and higher order moment changes with the sample lengths. On the other hand, homogenous run properties based on Bernoulli trials are used in many physical and engineering applications for many decades. Heterogeneous regional Bernoulli trial probability distribution model is not available so far in applications and numerical calculations. Herein, a plausible, rational and logical mathematical derivation of the heterogeneous case is derived, which reduces to the classical homogeneous Bernoulli trial case. This paper provides regional probabilistic success and failure period areal coverage modeling, which is useful for temporal and spatial pattern recognition of spatial risk predictions and parameter assessments. The basis of the methodology is mutually exclusive and independent sub-areal (site) success and failure occurrences’ heterogeneous probabilities.
Invariant Approaches to Equations of Finance
Authors: Mahomed F. , Mahomed K. , Naz R. , Momoniat E.
Published: June 2016

We firstly show how effective it is to utilize the invariant criteria for scalar linear (1+1) parabolic equations in order to perform reductions to the three Lie canonical forms of a bond-pricing model from finance. As a consequence we arrive at new results on bond-pricing equations that admit four nontrivial symmetries. In the second part we draw attention to a new method developed for equations of economics.
Cropped Quad-Tree Based Solid Object Colouring with Cuda
Authors: Çavuşoğlu Abdullah , Şen Baha , Özcan Caner , Görgünoğlu Salih
Published: June 2016

In this study, surfaces of solid objects are coloured with Cropped Quad-Tree method utilizing GPU computing optimization. There are numerous methods used in solid object colouring. When the studies carried out in different fields are taken into consideration, it is seen that quad-tree method displays a prominent position in terms of speed and performance. Cropped quad-tree is obtained as a result of the developments seen with the frequent use of this method in the field of computer sciences. Two different versions of algorithm which operate recursively on CPU and at the same time which use GPU computing optimization are used in this study. Besides, OpenGL is used for graphics drawing process. Within the setting of the study, results are obtained via CPU and GPU’s, at first using Quad-Tree method and then Cropped Quad-Tree method. It is observed that GPU computing is obviously faster than CPU computing and Cropped Quad-Tree method produces rapid results compared to Quad-Tree method as a result of performance. GPU computing method boosted approximately performance by up to 20 times compared to only CPU usage; furthermore, cropped quad-tree method boosted approximately performance of algorithm by up to 25 times on average dependent on screen and object size.
A New Simulated Annealing Approach for Travelling Salesman Problem
Authors: Bayram Hüsamettin , Şahin Ramazan
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study is to improve searching capability of simulated annealing (SA) heuristic through integration of two new neighborhood mechanisms. Due to its ease of formulation, difficulty to solve and various real life applications several Travelling Salesman Problems (TSP) were selected from the literature for the testing of the proposed methods. The proposed methods were also compared to conventional SA with swap neighborhood. The results have shown that the proposed techniques are more effective than conventional SA, both in terms of solution quality and time.
Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Due to Twinjets Impingement onto an Isothermal Moving Plate
Authors: Başaran Anıl , Selimefendigil Fatih
Published: June 2016

In this study, heat transfer from a moving isothermal hot plate due to double impinging vertical slot jets was investigated for a laminar flow. The rectangular geometry consists of a confining adiabatic wall placed parallel to the moving impingement. The jets are located symmetrically at mid point of upper wall. Water and Al2O3 nanoparticles mixture with different volumetric fraction was used as working medium. In considered jet impingement problem, the effects of the jet exit Reynolds numbers, ranging from 50 to 200, the normalized plate velocity, ranging from 0 to 2, and volumetric fractions of nanofluid, ranging from 0% to 6% were investigated. The commercial software package based on finite volume method FLUENT (version 6.3.26) is used in this study for the computations. It has been observed that increasing normalized plate velocity increases the heat transfer from bottom surface. Similarly, increasing Reynolds number of slot jets leads to enhancement of heat transfer. Besides, increasing volumetric fraction of nanofluid conributes to heat transfer enhancement.
Modeling and Control of a Variable Speed Variable Pitch Angle Prototype Wind Turbine
Authors: Evren Sanem , Ünel Mustafa , Akşit Mahmut
Published: June 2016

This paper focuses on modeling, control and simulation of a 500 KW horizontal axis prototype wind turbine that is being developed in the context of the MILRES (National Wind Energy Systems) Project in Turkey. The prototype turbine is designed as variable speed variable pitch angle wind turbine due to its advantages in efficiency and the structure. Aerodynamic, mechanical and electrical subsystems along with pitch and torque controllers are designed in both Matlab/Simulink and S4WT simulation environments. The main control purpose is to generate a power curve that is close to the ideal power curve where the power is limited to the nomial value above the nominal wind speed. Turbism is integrated with both environments to generate a realistic wind profile of Kaimal turbulence model. The performance analysis of the prototype turbine is done under the power production scenario in both environments, Start up, emergency stop, shut down and parked scenarios are also implemented in S4WT.
Reliability Analysis of M/G/1 Repairable Queueing System with Multiple Adaptive Vacations and p-Entering Discipline
Authors: Cheng Jiang , Tang Yinghui
Published: June 2016

This paper considers the reliability of an M/G/1 queue with multiple adaptive vacations in which the arriving customers enter the system with probability p (0＜p≤1) during vacations. Through appropriate assumptions, the model is studied by the total probability decomposition technique and the tool of Laplace transform. Some reliability indices are studied. Moreover, we give some numerical examples to observe the effect of various parameters on the reliability indices.
A Note on Fractional Differential Subordination Based on the Srivastava-Owa Fractional Operator
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha , Darus Maslina
Published: June 2016

In this work, we consider a definition for the concept of fractional differential subordination in sense of Srivastava-Owa fractional operators. By employing some types of admissible functions involving differential operator of fractional order, we illustrate applications.
The Darboux Trihedrons of Regular Curves on a Regular Time-Like Surface
Authors: Özyilmaz Emin
Published: June 2016

In this work, we study Differential Geometry in the Minkowski 3-space R13 of the curves on a time-like regular surface by using parameter curves which are not perpendicular to each other. The aim of this study is to investigate the formulae between the Darboux Vectors of the time-like curve (c) , the time-like parameter curve (c1) and the space-like parameter curve (c2) which are not intersecting perpendicularly.
Positive Almost Periodic Solution for Impulsive Nicholson’s Blowflies Model with Linear Harvesting Term on the Bounded Domain
Authors: Yao Zhijian
Published: June 2016

In this paper, impulsive Nicholson’s blowflies model with linear harvesting term is studied. By using the contraction mapping fixed point theorem, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a unique positive almost periodic solution. In addition, the exponential convergence of positive almost periodic solution is investigated.