bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gothic Elements in Representations of a Pandemic: Borislav Pekic’s Rabies
Authors: Kocić Stanković Ana , Mitić Marko
Published: September 2022

The paper deals with the Gothic elements in the representation of a pandemic based on the 1983 novel Besnilo (‘Rabies’) by Serbian author Borislav Pekic. The authors start from the premise that the elements ‘borrowed’ from the Gothic genre play a key role in creating the main plot of the novel: a catastrophe caused by an extremely contagious and deadly man-manipulated version of the rabies virus. The theoretical framework is based on Fred Botting’s (1995) and Jerrold E. Hogle’s (2002) views of Gothic writing as a diffused mode that exceeds genres and categories and contributes its various elements to various literary forms. Furthermore, Gothic elements characteristic of Gothic science fiction, such as madness, monstrosity, the Mad Scientist, people meddling with nature with catastrophic consequences, the apocalyptic vision of human future and “the removal of man from his natural, living state and entry instead into a state of being neither completely human or monster, and neither fully alive or completely dead” (MacArthur 2015: 79) are traced in the novel and analysed in the context of literary representations of a pandemic. As Pekic’s novel is a mixture of various genres and is often defined and described as a horror thriller novel, an attempt is made to offer a new reading that would consider its constituent Gothic elements against a backdrop of the deeply and inherently human drama of the everlasting struggle between good and evil. Thus, pandemics are represented as a kind of catalyst that exposes both deeply human and rational, and deeply inhuman and irrational, impulses, leaving the final outcome of that struggle uncertain.
Paralipomena of a Pandemic
Authors: Marchesini Roberto
Published: September 2022

The pandemic, which has affected the whole world and has many victims, changing our lifestyle and having its own narrative structure that would be interesting to retrace. Undoubtedly, despite science fiction getting us used to dystopian and apocalyptic scenarios, the sudden epidemiological emergency caught us unprepared. We could hardly have thought of suddenly giving up habits that we considered consolidated, such as being able to travel, meet friends, gather in public places, go to a restaurant, go to school. The pandemic suddenly cancelled all of this. But what caused this pandemic? Perhaps a simple virus from an Asian wet market? Perhaps the extreme connectivity of the human network? Perhaps the ecological alterations we have caused? Or is the pandemic the result of a deeper cultural crisis?
The role of coanalgesics in pain treatment
Authors: Wysokińska Olga , Żyga Justyna , Małek Anna , Zadrożna Karolina , Iwaniszyn-Zapołoch Klara
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPain management plays an important role in many fields of medicine. The basis of treatment is pharmacotherapy with typical analgesics such as NSAIDs, paracetamol and opioids, nonetheless due to their inadequacy and numerous side effects, drugs from other groups that act as coanalgesics are increasingly being used. State of knowledgeThe analysis of the effectiveness and use of individual pharmaceuticals for the treatment of pain is possible based on knowledge of basic aspects of the formation and reception of pain stimuli. In the whole process of transmission of nociceptive stimuli, receptors, which are the point of action of most of the drugs discussed in this article, play a special role. ConclusionsA number of studies have proven that coanalgesics treatment in patients suffering from postoperative pain make it possible to reduce the doses of opioids used, which is clearly associated with a reduction in the incidence of nausea, vomiting, intestinal peristalsis disorders, as well as infections in the postoperative period, and reduces the risk of complications and allows for a shorter period of hospitalization. Coanalgesics also have applications in the treatment of chronic and neuropathic pain, where typical analgesics often fail to produce satisfactory results.
COVID-19 pandemic: disease impact on nervous system, cognitive functioning and mental health
Authors: Janeczek Piotr
Published: September 2022

Introduction and purpose:COVID-19, as an unknown disease until 2019, has posed and continues to pose a great challenge to the world of science and the people facing it. The purpose of this article is to present the possible consequences of experiencing COVID-19 disease and the pandemic itself in light of mental health and the organism functioning in the cognitive area, taking into account the impact of COVID-19 on the nervous system.State of knowledge (brief description):Coronaviruses are enveloped, positive single-stranded large RNA viruses. COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus – its first case was reported in 2019 in Wuhan, China. Human coronaviruses can exhibit neuroinvasive, neurotropic and neurovirulent, SARS-CoV-2 also. In addition to symptoms and complications in the respiratory system, symptoms and complications are also encountered in the nervous system area; cognitive functioning may also be impaired. The pandemic as a phenomenon in itself and the outbreak of COVID-19 can carry very serious consequences from the mental health field. Among these are the problem of social isolation and its consequences or the impact of the disease and pandemic on well-being. Unfortunately, the time that has elapsed since the first cases of the disease and the amount of research does not allow a clear determination of the complications and consequences of the pandemic, but certain trends and phenomena are regularly studied and described.Summary:Existing research and the state of the art strongly underscore that COVID-19 and its pandemic could impinge on the mental health of people around the world. Changes in the nervous system and cognitive functioning are also observed as a result of contracting COVID-19. Science currently has no clear answers as to how long certain complications will persist and exactly what their genesis is – further research is recommended to explain them as precisely as possible.
O zmyśle lub smaku piękna
Authors: Gerard Alexander , Wawrzonkowski Krzysztof Paweł
Published: September 2022

Ninejszy przekład prezentuje fragment "An essay on Taste" Alexandra Gerarda. Fragment dotyczy piękna i zasad, na których się ono opiera.
Dialogiczny wymiar filozofii sztuki Hansa-Georga Gadamera
Authors: Sznajder Paweł
Published: September 2022

Artykuł prezentuje rezultat badania związków filozofii sztuki Hansa-Georga Gadamera z filozofią dialogu. Poddane zostały analizie trzy kluczowe dla jego myśli pojęcia – gry, symbolu i święta, którymi posłużył się w swojej ontologii dzieła sztuki. Kategorie te, zreinterpretowane w duchu filozofii dialogu odsłaniają szczególny rys Gadamerowskiej hermeneutyki – dążenie do zachowania poglądu innego w dialogu, rolę etyki w komunikacji międzyosobowej, elitaryzm relacji dialogicznej czy krytykę idei całości i totalności. Tym samym doświadczenie estetyczne jawi się jako wzorzec relacji pomiędzy ja i ty.
Returning to Hope: Pre-service Teachers’ Stories of Resilience Through the Covid Pandemic
Authors: Bellas Traci J. , Henning Denise
Published: September 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic means that teachers have faced significant stressors in relation to their work. They have been called upon to support students’ academic development and wellbeing throughout the transition to online teaching and learning, while navigating adversity and stress in their own lives. Using the AI Resilience framework, this study focuses on the stories of ten pre-service (future) teachers, navigating through Covid-19, and their resilience following the early waves of the pandemic as they work toward becoming fully licensed professionals.
Pause-Reboot-SOAR: Supporting Champlain College Students During the Pandemic
Authors: Bruneau Lauren
Published: September 2022

This article describes the process and tools used in facilitating each stage of the Pause, Reboot, SOAR program, including challenges in implementation and strategies to improve future iterations of academic recovery programming to increase student retention and persistence to graduation.
How to Take the Appreciative Route in Your Work: Appreciative Inquiry in England’s NHS Leadership Training
Authors: Barnett Kayleigh
Published: September 2022

The author has been delivering Appreciative Inquiry training as part of a programme designed to support senior and aspiring senior National Health Service staff in England. The pandemic gave her the chance to completely rework and improve a key element of the programme, as explained in this article.
Is Appreciative Inquiry a Future Possibility in Nepali Mathematics Teaching?
Authors: Budhathoki Deependra , Pant Binod Pd.
Published: September 2022

The authors conducted a narrative study with three mathematics teachers in Nepal to explore their perceptions about using Appreciative Inquiry in their teaching. In a conversation that might not have been possible even a few years ago, the teachers perceived Appreciative Inquiry to be helpful to student learning and hoped it would be possible to implement it more fully in future.
Using Appreciative Inquiry to Tap into Millennials’ Strengths: One Millennial’s Perspective
Authors: Kiprovska Jana
Published: September 2022

The author of this article, a millennial herself, shares her thoughts about her generation’s attitude to work–life balance, setting priorities, problem-solving and the pressure to be ‘good at everything’. Her discovery of Appreciative Inquiry, she says, has changed the way she sees her reality and her approach to work – and may do the same for other millennials and the generations that follow.
Competencia Digital Docente: autopercepción en estudiantes de educación: [Teacher Digital Competence
Authors: Marimon-Martí Marta , Romeu Teresa , Sofia Ojando Elena , Esteve González Vanessa
Published: September 2022

La competencia digital docente es un aspecto clave para la educación en el contexto sociodigital actual. La aproximación al conocimiento que tienen los estudiantes en este ámbito resulta fundamental enla formación inicial docente para orientarlos programas formativos a sudesarrollo y actualización. Losobjetivosde esta investigación sonanalizar la percepción que tienen los estudiantes de primer curso de grados de Educación sobre su dominio competencial, ydetectar posibles diferencias según las variables edad, género, titulación, curso académico y vía de acceso a la universidad. Se realizó un estudio de corte cuantitativo, no-experimental y transeccional de diseño post-hoc y análisis descriptivo, asociativo y correlacional, con3029 estudiantes de primer curso de Grados en Educación en Cataluña y Andorradurante 3 cursosacadémicos. Los resultados señalan una autopercepción alta que, contrastada mediante grupo de discusión con estudiantes del último curso,se consideraque no refleja la realidad. No existen diferencias significativas en el nivel de autopercepción según el género, titulación y vía de acceso a la universidad, pero sí según la edadyel curso académico en el que inician sus estudios, probablemente por la situación del Covid-19 y la adaptación de los entornos a formatos online e híbridos
El vídeo como recurso educativo en educación superior durante la pandemia de la COVID-19
Authors: Pattier Daniel , Ferreira Pedro Daniel
Published: September 2022

La implementación del vídeo como recurso educativo se ha generalizado en los últimos años impulsada por plataformas de gran accesibilidad como YouTube. El objetivo de nuestra investigación es estudiar el uso que se está dando, durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, a los recursos audiovisuales en educación superior y evidenciar la satisfacción con su utilización por parte de profesorado y estudiantado. Asimismo, mostrar la existencia de variables que mejoran dicha satisfacción o repercuten significativamente en un mayor uso de vídeos educativos de manera informal. Para ello, se aporta un estudio descriptivo-inferencial basado en una encuesta online con una muestra total de 684 respuestas provenientes de la Universidad de Oporto. Se discuten los resultados con la literatura más reciente sobre la temática. Se concluye una utilización regular del vídeo por parte de la mitad de la muestra y un significativo uso de vídeos informales por parte de los estudiantes, obteniendo, en ambos colectivos, una satisfacción positiva con su uso. Destacan las variables que influyen en la satisfacción en la implementación de vídeos en la educación formal: competencia tecnológica, nivel económico y área disciplinar. Además, las que condicionan el uso de vídeos informales entre el estudiantado: género, nivel económico y área disciplinar.
Belief Dispersion and Convex Cost of Adjustment in the Stock Market and in the Real Economy
Authors: Jouini Elyès
Published: September 2022

I develop a continuous-time general equilibrium model with a continuum of states of the world and a continuum of agents endowed with heterogeneous beliefs. The model permits to analyze the interactions between financial markets and production. There is a single firm that faces convex adjustment costs and maximizes its terminal value. Equivalently, the firm uses decreasing returns to scale risk-return technology. The model is tractable and matches many of the empirical regularities in aggregate output and stock prices, such as a financial volatility that is higher than the macroeconomic volatility, skewness, kurtosis, short-term momentum, and volatility risk premium during recessions. All these aspects disappear when one assumes beliefs homogeneity or constant returns to scale. In particular, the impact of beliefs heterogeneity observed in endowment economies does not pertain when introducing production unless one assumes decreasing returns to scale in the risk-return technology.

This paper was accepted by David Sraer, finance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4495 .
Primary care cardiovascular disease prevention post-pandemic: a call to action
Authors: Phillips Kate , Evans Luke
Published: September 2022

Optimisation of hypertension identification and treatment is key to reducing health inequalities. Kate Phillips and Luke Evans highlight the role practice nurses can play in implementing the national Blood Pressure Optimisation Programme
Research Roundup
Authors: Winter George
Published: September 2022

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Cloaking and Quantum Stealth: The Science Behind Invisibility
Authors: Dutta Rajarshi , Ganguly Shreya , Dey Ankika , Dutta Debasmita , Das Sayantan , Sil Sayantan , Pramanik Tanay
Published: September 2022

Invisibility has always been a field of human interest, which was never possible in the maximum of the physicists’ eyes. But the old ideas are fading away as Quantum Stealth is coming into existence as a new opportunity for cloaking. The technology is supposed to be used in military warfare and defence scenarios in Canada, especially satisfying the purpose of camouflage.
Mineral Oil Shale Part Based-Support as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Organophosphorus Synthesis Assisted by Ultrasounds
Authors: Ennesyry Elmustapha , Mounir Bahija , Elkouali M’hammed , Hamza Mohammed , Bazi Fathallaah
Published: September 2022

A new heterogeneous catalyst has been developed based on moroccan oil shale raw matter. This new support was used in the α-hydroxyphosphonates synthesis by Pudovik pathway using dialkylphosphites and carbonyls compounds. The transformation was performed by using oil shale-based catalyst under room temperature and by ultrasound-assisted synthetic approach. Both approaches have been found to be efficient in this organophosphorus synthesis. The reaction was carried out with a high yield in dry media, the catalyst is separated easily and reused several times without losing its activity.
Kinetics of Biogas Production from Goat Dung and Pawpaw Seed
Authors: Otobrise Charles , Udubor Chidi Wisdom , Osabohien Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

Anaerobic digestion of goat dung and pawpaw seed and the fitness of some kinetic models in predicting the rate and cumulative production of biogas were investigated in this study, to compare biogas potential of plant and animal based wastes as well as evaluate the effect of co-digestion on biogas production. The results revealed that the goat dung produced higher volume of biogas (4943 mL) than the pawpaw seed (4329 mL). The mixture of both produced the highest volume (5871 mL) of biogas in comparison with the mono-substrates. Polynomial regression model gave the best correlation with R2 value ranging from 0.9650 - 0.9810 for the three experiments when compared with linear regression model for the ascending limb with R2 values ranging from 0.9210 – 0.9500. For descending limb, polynomial regression also gave a better fit with R2 value in the range of 0.9690 – 0.9770 than the linear regression (R2: 0.9560 – 0.9700).
Micellar Effect on Hypersensitive Transitions of Holmium (III) Complexes with Few Indole Derivatives: Doped System Study
Authors: Regar Ramswaroop , Ghasia Sumit , Bhandari Hemendra Singh
Published: September 2022

Optical absorption spectra of Holmium (III)-complexes with Indole derivative [viz:1H-indole -3-carboxylic acid, 2-(1H-indole-3-yl)ethanoic acid and 4-(1H-indole-3-yl)butanoic acid] have been analyzed as a doped system in different medium. Micellar effect is sensational to the transition 5G6← 5I8 and become hypersensitive in UV-Visible absorption spectra. Micellar medium of cationic surfactant found be most effective to enhance the intensity of hypersensitive transition. Intensity parameters, Oscillator Strength (P), magnitude was observed somewhat different in the micellar medium as compared to the non-micellar medium. Applicability of Judd Ofelt theory indulged in spectral analysis for various parameters. Judd Ofelt parameters and other covalency parameters are in favour for the existence of covalency and the degree has been raised in micellar medium. Nonionic surfactant (BRIJ35), Cationic surfactant (CTAB), and anionic surfactant (SDS) shows significant interaction, reflects in spectral study of Holmium(III)-Indole derivative complexes.
Determination of Tannins Content and Antibacteria Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) Leaf from North Sumatera Province Indonesia
Authors: Gurning Kasta , Situmorang Risanti Febrine Ropita , Sinaga Efereddy Temen , Singarimbun Nurbaiti , Sinaga Suharni Pintamas , Silaban Saronom
Published: September 2022

Sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) leaves has traditionally been used as a medicinal plant. The content of secondary metabolites contained is assessed to show pharmacological activity. The secondary metabolites in question include tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins. This study aimed to determine the total tannin content and the potential antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of P. crocatum leaves. Extraction process by maceration using ethanol, measurement of total tannin content by colorimetric method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 745 nm and determination of antibacterial activity by disc diffusion. The results of this study showed that the ethanolic extract of P. crocatum leaves contained about 0.118±0.003 mg TAE/g of dry ethanolic extract. The results of activity testing against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed activity as antibacterial.
New polyethylenes in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: García-Rey Eduardo , Cruz-Pardos Ana , Saldaña Laura
Published: September 2022

Aims

A significant reduction in wear at five and ten years was previously reported when comparing Durasul highly cross-linked polyethylene with nitrogen-sterilized Sulene polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty (THA). We investigated whether the improvement observed at the earlier follow-up continued, resulting in decreased osteolysis and revision surgery rates over the second decade.

Methods

Between January 1999 and December 2001, 90 patients underwent surgery using the same acetabular and femoral components with a 28 mm metallic femoral head and either a Durasul or Sulene liner. A total of 66 hips of this prospective randomized study were available for a minimum follow-up of 20 years. The linear femoral head penetration rate was measured at six weeks, one year, and annually thereafter, using the Dorr method on digitized radiographs with a software package.

Results

In the Durasul group, no patients underwent revision due to loosening or showed radiological evidence of osteolysis. In the Sulene group, four patients (four hips) were revised due to femoral component loosening. The 20-year cumulative failure incidence in the presence of the competing event of death for revision surgery was 4.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8 to 13.6) in the Durasul group, and 8.9% (95% CI 2.8 to 19.5) in the Sulene group. The mean wear one year after surgery was 0.09 mm (SD 0.007) in the Durasul group and 0.24 (SD 0.015) in the Sulene group (p < 0.001). From one to 20 years after surgery, the mean total penetration was 0.32 mm (SD 0.045) in the Durasul group and 1.07 mm (SD 0.13) in the Sulene group (p < 0.001). Mean femoral head penetration at 20 years was approximately 70.0% less in the Durasul group than the Sulene group.

Conclusion

The significant reduction in femoral head penetration obtained with the Durasul compared with Sulene in uncemented THA resulted in lower osteolysis and revision rates after 20 years. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(9):1032–1038.
Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Sigmund Irene K. , Luger Markus , Windhager Reinhard , McNally Martin A.
Published: September 2022

Aims

This study evaluated the definitions developed by the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) 2021, the International Consensus Meeting (ICM) 2018, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) 2013, for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Methods

In this single-centre, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, patients with an indicated revision surgery after a total hip or knee arthroplasty were included between 2015 and 2020. A standardized diagnostic workup was performed, identifying the components of the EBJIS, ICM, and IDSA criteria in each patient.

Results

Of 206 included patients, 101 (49%) were diagnosed with PJI with the EBJIS definition. IDSA and ICM diagnosed 99 (48%) and 86 (42%) as infected, respectively. A total of 84 cases (41%) had an infection based on all three criteria. In 15 cases (n = 15/206; 7%), PJI was present when applying only the IDSA and EBJIS criteria. No infection was detected by one definition alone. Inconclusive diagnoses occurred more frequently with the ICM criteria (n = 30/206; 15%) compared to EBJIS (likely infections: n = 16/206; 8%) (p = 0.029). A better preoperative performance of the EBJIS definition was seen compared with the ICM and IDSA definitions (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The novel EBJIS definition identified all PJIs diagnosed by any other criteria. Use of the EBJIS definition significantly reduced the number of uncertain diagnoses, allowing easier clinical decision-making. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(9):608–618.
Comparison of Inversion Methods for Maize Canopy Time-Series LAI Based on SupReME Reconstructed Images
Authors: Li Yan , Huang Jin Ze , Gao Wan Lin , Jia Jing Dun , Tao Sha , Ren Yan Zhao , Liu Xin Liang
Published: September 2022

Highlights

The Sentinel-2 images are reconstructed by the SupReME algorithm to obtain rich spatial features and consistent spectral reflectance.

The reconstructed images are more advantageous for LAI estimation than the original images.

The PROSAIL coupled RF model is verified to be an effective method for time-series LAI estimation at 10 m spatial resolution.

Abstract. Accurate time-series crop leaf area index (LAI) monitoring can provide data support for field management and early yield estimation. The Sentinel-2 satellite has a high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution, and its unique three red-edge bands provide an ideal data source for LAI estimation. However, the inconsistent spatial resolution of different bands hinders the application potential of Sentinel-2 images. In view of this problem, we focused on mining more information provided by the high spatial resolution bands of Sentinel-2 images using the Super-Resolution for Multispectral Multiresolution Estimation (SupReME) algorithm. Furthermore, The SNAP (Sentinel Application Platform) biophysical processor and the PROSAIL radiation transfer model coupled with Random Forest (RF) model were applied to estimate time-series LAI of maize canopy at 10 m spatial resolution, and the Leaf Area Index Wireless Sensor Network (LAINet) measurements were used for accuracy verification. Finally, the effectiveness of images reconstructed by SupReME and the two inversion methods for time-series LAI estimation were evaluated. The results showed that: (1) the Sentinel-2 images reconstructed by SupReME can improve spatial characteristics while maintaining spectral invariance, and they were more advantageous for LAI estimation than the original images; (2) The SNAP biophysical processor suits a quick large-scale estimation with robustness, while the PROSAIL coupled RF model achieved a higher coefficient of determination (R2) and a lower root mean square error (RMSE) (R2 increased by more than 0.1, RMSE decreased by more than 0.33) for time-series LAI estimation in this specific study area; (3) both inversion methods showed apparent underestimation at the late growth stage. This study verifies the feasibility of obtaining high spatial resolution images using a super-resolution algorithm for LAI inversion and provides the effect of two commonly used inversion methods for time-series LAI estimation at 10 m resolution. Keywords: Leaf area index, PROSAIL model, Random forest, SNAP biophysical processor, SupReME algorithm.
Spatially resolved reflectance from turbid media having a rough surface. Part II: experiments
Authors: Lindner Benjamin , Foschum Florian , Kienle Alwin
Published: September 2022

Spatially resolved reflectance measurements are a standard tool for determining the absorption and scattering properties of turbid media such as biological tissue. However, in literature, it was shown that these measurements are subject to errors when a possible rough surface between the turbid medium and the surrounding is not accounted for. We evaluated these errors by comparing the spatially resolved reflectance measured on rough epoxy-based samples with Monte Carlo simulations using Lambertian surface scattering, the Cook–Torrance model, and the generalized Harvey–Shack model as surface scattering models. To this aim, goniometric measurements on the epoxy-based samples were compared to the angularly resolved reflectance of the three surface models to estimate the corresponding model parameters. Finally, the optical properties of the phantoms were determined using a Monte Carlo model with a smooth surface.
Highly sensitive temperature and strain sensor based on an antiresonant
hollow core fiber probe with the Vernier effect
Authors: Zhao Xiaonan , Wu Xuqiang , Mu Shengquan , Zuo Cheng , Shi Jinhui , Guang Dong , Yu Benli , Liu Yangzhou , Zhang Jihao , Liu Xingyu
Published: September 2022

A highly sensitive temperature and strain sensor based on an
antiresonant hollow core fiber (ARHCF) probe with the Vernier effect
is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The ARHCF probe is used
as a reference interferometer by sandwiching an ARHCF, which is
insensitive to temperature, strain, and refractive index, between a
single-mode fiber (SMF) and a polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF).
The polarization mode interferometer (PMI), fabricated by splicing a
section of PMF with a fiber polarizer at a 45-degree angle, works as a
sensing interferometer. The Vernier effect is introduced by connecting
the reference interferometer and the PMI in parallel. The experimental
results show that by introducing the Vernier effect, the temperature
sensitivity is improved from

−

1.68

to

−

15.7

n
m

/

∘

C

and the strain sensitivity is
improved from 5.09 to 47.65 pm/µ

ε

. The magnification is consistent with
the theoretical results. The reference segment of the proposed sensor
is not affected by ambient factors, which provides a new strategy and
idea for the development of multiparameter sensors based on the
Vernier effect.
16-channel O-band silicon-photonic wavelength division multiplexer with a 1 nm channel spacing
Authors: Slook Matan , Bag Saawan Kumar , Katzman Moshe , Munk Dvir , Kaganovskii Yuri , Rosenbluh Michael , Inbar Naor , Shafir Inbar , Dokhanian Leroy , Priel Maayan , Hen Mirit , Zehavi Elad , Zadok Avi
Published: September 2022

Silicon-photonic integrated circuits are a pivotal technology for the continued growth of data communications. A main task of silicon photonics is the wavelength division multiplexing of communication channels to aggregate bandwidths that exceed the working rates available in electronics. In this work, we design and implement a 16-channel, wavelength division multiplexing device in silicon-on-insulator. The device operates at the O-band wavelengths, centered at 1310 nm, which are favored by many data center applications. The spacing between adjacent channels is 0.96 nm (167 GHz), close to those of dense wavelength division multiplexing standards in the 1550 nm wavelength range (C band). The layout consists of 15 Mach-Zehnder interferometers, cascaded in a four-stage tree topology. The differential phase delay within each interferometer is precisely trimmed post-fabrication, through local illumination of a photosensitive upper cladding layer of As2Se3 chalcogenide glass. Trimming is performed subject to closed-loop feedback of transfer functions measurements. The devices can be useful in data center optical communications.
The effect of child development on the components of the Frequency Following Response: Child development and the Frequency Following Response
Authors: Ferreira Laís , Pinto Julia Dalcin , Temp Déborah Aurélio , Broman Eli Natáli , Skarzynski Piotr H. , Skarzynska Magdalena B. , Moraes Denis Altieri De Oliveira , Sanfins Milaine Dominici , Biaggio Eliara Pinto Vieira
Published: September 2022

During childhood, neuronal modifications occur so that typical childhood communicative development occurs. This work aims to contribute to the understanding of differences in the speech encoding of infants and school-age children by assessing the effects of child development, in different phases of early childhood, on the encoding of speech sounds. There were 98 subjects of both sexes, aged from 1 day to 8 years and 9 months who participated in the study. All subjects underwent a Frequency Following Response (FFR) assessment. A regression and linear correlation showed the effects of age in the FFR components, i.e., significant decrease in the latency and increased amplitude of all FFR waves with age. An increase in the slope measure was also observed. Younger infants require more time and show less robust responses when encoding speech than their older counterparts, which were shown to have more stable and well-organized FFR responses.
Adaptation of the personal social capital brief scale for the measurement of the offline and online social capital in Italy
Authors: Menardo Elisa , Cubelli Roberto , Balboni Giulia
Published: September 2022

Social Capital refers to the resources associated with durable and trustworthy social connections. Social Capital can be developed through offline and online relationships. It can be distinguished between cognitive Social Capital (perception of trustworthiness, reciprocity, and support) and structural Social Capital (density of social networks and membership, and participation in groups and associations). It can also be distinguished between bonding Social Capital (resources associated with informal networks; i.e., neighbors, friends, colleagues) and bridging Social Capital (resources associated with formal networks; i.e., community service, cultural, religious or political groups/associations). The different forms and dimensions of Social Capital may have distinct effects on health outcomes and self-rated health. Therefore, public health researchers need valid and reliable instruments to investigate Social Capital. However, valid instruments including the measurement of online Social Capital are not available. The Personal Social Capital Scale aims to assess bonding and bridging Social Capital by means of cognitive and structural items. In the present investigation, three studies were carried out (N = 1149) to adapt the Personal Social Capital Scale to develop the Personal On-Offline Social Capital Brief Scale, a brief scale for measuring online and offline bonding and bridging Social Capital in Italy. Factorial structure and convergent/divergent validity in relation to scales measuring constructs with different patterns of relationships with bonding and bridging Social Capital (i.e., social support and stress; sense of community and health) were also investigated. Overall, these studies provide evidence of reliability and validity related to the internal structure of the Personal On-Offline Social Capital Brief Scale in measuring online and offline bonding and bridging Social Capital and discriminating them from similar constructs. This scale is a useful instrument for planning public health interventions.
Balance dysfunction the most significant cause of in-hospital falls in patients taking hypnotic drugs: A retrospective study
Authors: Hashida Ryuki , Matsuse Hiroo , Yokoyama Shinji , Kawano Sayuri , Higashi Eriko , Tajma Hiroshi , Bekki Masafumi , Iwanaga Sohei , Hara Koji , Nakamura Yosuke , Kaneyuki Yuji , Nago Takeshi , Fukumoto Yoshihiro , Ozone Motohiro , Uchimura Naohisa , Shiba Naoto
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Preventing falls in patients is one of the most important concerns in acute hospitals. Balance disorder and hypnotic drugs lead to falls. The Standing Test for Imbalance and Disequilibrium (SIDE) is developed for the evaluation of static standing balance ability. There have been no reports of a comprehensive assessment of falls risk including hypnotic drugs and SIDE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fall rate of each patient who took the hypnotic drug and the factor associated with falls.

Methods

Fall rates for each hypnotic drug were calculated as follows (number of patients who fell/number of patients prescribed hypnotic drug x 100). We investigated the hypnotic drugs as follows; benzodiazepine drugs, Z-drugs, melatonin receptor agonists, and orexin receptor antagonists. Hypnotic drug fall rate was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Decision tree analysis is the method we used to discover the most influential factors associated with falls.

Results

This study included 2840 patients taking hypnotic drugs. Accidents involving falls were reported for 211 of inpatients taking hypnotic drugs. Z-drug recipients had the lowest fall rate among the hypnotic drugs. We analyzed to identify independent factors for falls, a decision tree algorithm was created using two divergence variables. The SIDE levels indicating balance disorder were the initial divergence variable. The rate of falls in patients at SIDE level ≦ 2a was 14.7%. On the other hand, the rate of falls in patients at SIDE level ≧ 2b was 2.9%. Gender was the variable for the second classification. In this analysis, drugs weren’t identified as divergence variables for falls.

Conclusion

The SIDE balance assessment was the initial divergence variable by decision tree analysis. In order to prevent falls, it seems important not only to select appropriate hypnotic drugs but also to assess patients for balance and implement preventive measures.
Criterion validity of the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale in adolescents. The Fit Futures Study
Authors: Beldo Sigurd K. , Aars Nils Abel , Christoffersen Tore , Furberg Anne-Sofie , Halvorsen Peder A. , Hansen Bjørge Herman , Horsch Alexander , Sagelv Edvard H. , Syed Shaheen , Morseth Bente
Published: September 2022

Background

The Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS) is commonly used to measure physical activity (PA) in population studies, but its validity in adolescents is unknown. This study aimed to assess the criterion validity of the SGPALS against accelerometry in a large sample of adolescents. A secondary aim was to examine the validity across strata of sex, body mass index (BMI), parental educational level, study program and self-reported health.

Methods

The study is based on data from 572 adolescents aged 15–17 years who participated in the Fit Futures Study 2010–11 in Northern Norway. The participants were invited to wear an accelerometer (GT3X) attached to their hip for seven consecutive days. We used Spearman’s rho and linear regression models to assess the validity of the SGPALS against the following accelerometry estimates of PA; mean counts/minute (CPM), steps/day, and minutes/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

Results

The SGPALS correlated with mean CPM (ρ = 0.40, p<0.01), steps/day (ρ = 0.35, p<0.01) and MVPA min/day (ρ = 0.35, p<0.01). We observed no differences between correlations within demographic strata (all p>0.001). Higher scores on SGPALS were associated with a higher CPM, higher number of steps per day and more minutes of MVPA per day, with the following mean differences in PA measurements between the SGPALS ranks: CPM increased by 53 counts (95% CI: 44 to 62), steps/day increased by 925 steps (95% CI: 731 to 1118), and MVPA by 8.4 min/day (95% CI: 6.7 to 10.0). Mean difference between the highest and lowest SGPALS category was 2947 steps/day (6509 vs. 9456 steps/day) and 26.4 min/day MVPA (35.2 minutes vs 61.6 minutes).

Conclusion

We found satisfactory ranking validity of SGPALS measured against accelerometry in adolescents, which was fairly stable across strata of sex, BMI, and education. However, the validity of SGPALS in providing information on absolute physical activity levels seem limited.
Muscle thickness and inflammation during a 50km ultramarathon in recreational runners
Authors: Landers-Ramos Rian Q. , Dondero Kathleen , Nelson Christa , Ranadive Sushant M. , Prior Steven J. , Addison Odessa
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This study examined changes in circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines [IL-6, sIL-6R, TNF-α, and calprotectin], skeletal muscle morphology, and muscle strength following a 50km race in non-elite athletes.

Methods

Eleven individuals (8 men; 3 women) underwent pre-race assessments of rectus femoris muscle thickness (resting and contracted) using ultrasound, isometric knee extensor torque, and plasma cytokines. Measures were repeated after 10km of running, the 50km finish (post-race), and again 24-hrs post-race.

Results

Compared with baseline values, Δ muscle thickness (resting to contracted) increased significantly 24 hrs post-race (11 ± 11% vs. 22 ± 8%; P = 0.01). Knee extensor torque was significantly reduced immediately post-race (151 ± 46 vs. 134 ± 43 Nm; P = 0.047) but remained similar to post-race values at 24 hrs post-race (P = 0.613). Compared with pre-race levels, IL-6 and calprotectin concentrations increased 302% and 50% after 10km, respectively (P<0.017 for both), peaked post-race (2598% vs. pre-race for IL-6 and 68% vs. pre-race for calprotectin; P = 0.018 for both), and returned to pre-race levels at 24-hrs post-race (P>0.05 for both). Creatine kinase levels rose steadily during and after the race, peaking 24-hrs post-race (184 ± 113 U/L pre-race vs. 1508 ± 1815 U/L 24-hrs post-race; P = 0.005).

Conclusion

This is the first report of delayed increases in Δ muscle thickness at 24 hrs post-50km, which are preceded by reductions in knee extensor torque and elevations in plasma IL-6, and calprotectin. Recreational athletes should consider the acute muscle inflammatory response when determining training and recovery strategies for 50km participation.
Internists’ ambivalence toward their role in health counseling and promotion: A qualitative study on the internists’ beliefs and attitudes
Authors: Kromme Nicolien M. H. , Ahaus Kees T. B. , Gans Reinold O. B. , van de Wiel Harry B. M.
Published: September 2022

Crucial to its success is that physicians enhance their competence in Lifestyle Medicine and take on their role as Health Advocates in Health Counseling and Promotion (HC&P). However, studies on patients’ views of lifestyle counseling in clinical practice demonstrate that many patients neither perceived a need to adopt a healthy lifestyle nor having had any discussion with their physician about their lifestyle. This study is part of a participatory action research project focusing on identifying areas of improvement for health promotion in the practice of internists. Within this project, we interviewed 28 internists from six different subspecialties of an academic medical center in the Netherlands. This study aims to gain insight into how internists understand their role in HC&P by a qualitative analysis of their beliefs and attitudes in the interview data. Participants claimed that promoting a healthy lifestyle is important. However, they also reflected a whole system of beliefs that led to an ambivalent attitude toward their role in HC&P. We demonstrate that little belief in the success of HC&P nurtured ambivalence about the internists’ role and their tasks and responsibilities. Ambivalence appeared to be reinforced by beliefs about the ability and motivation of patients, the internists’ motivational skills, and the patient-doctor relationship, and by barriers such as lack of time and collaboration with General Practitioners. When participants viewed HC&P as a part of their treatment and believed patients were motivated, they were less ambivalent about their role in HC&P. Based on our data we developed a conceptual framework that may inform the development of the competences of the Health Advocate role of internists in education and practice.
An Observational Study on Complications in Early Postoperative Period after Emergency Laparotomy in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sandip Kumar Ghosh  , Ajay Halder  , Soumya Pal  , Debanjan Mukherjee
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

An emergency laparotomy is a life-saving procedure undertaken mostly in acute conditions without much time for preoperative preparation of the patient. Patients undergoing emergency laparotomy have disproportionately high morbidity and mortality compared to elective laparotomies. We wanted to find out the incidence of postoperative complications after emergency laparotomy during the early postoperative period in Burdwan Medical College and Hospital which in turn will help to identify the areas requiring more improvement in terms of prevention, diagnosis and management of those complications resulting in an overall better outcome.

METHODS

This was an observational, descriptive study conducted on 100 patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for various indications, early postoperative complications were identified and tabulated and incidences of those were presented.

RESULTS

In this study, it was found that the most commonly occurring complications post emergency laparotomy were, wound infection (67%), fever (61%), nausea and vomiting (39%), respiratory infections (35%), paralytic ileus (19%), thrombophlebitis (11%), urinary infections (5%) and death (5%).

CONCLUSIONS

The most commonly occurring complications during the early postoperative period were wound infection and fever. Hollow viscus perforation was found to be the most common indication for emergency laparotomy associated with the maximum incidence of postoperative wound infection. Other complications such as nausea and vomiting, respiratory tract infection, paralytic ileus etc. were also found. Death was found to be the most dreaded complication during this early postoperative period.
figura feminina melancólica em Maldicidade de Miguel Rio Branco
Authors: Lannes Paulo , Pugliese Vera
Published: September 2022

Este artigo busca identificar elementos que definem um pensamento teórico sobre o que seria uma melancolia da atualidade em Maldicidade (2014) de Miguel Rio Branco, envolvendo as noções de poética do espaço, da solidão e do erotismo no âmbito da História da Arte. Entendendo que o complexo da melancolia se encontra presente nas relações intrínsecas entre forma e conteúdo da poética de Rio Branco, o presente recorte privilegia três imagens desse photo book, nas quais diferentes situações da figura feminina no espaço urbano aludem à melancolia contemporânea.
Canções
Authors: Oliveira Helena
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo pretende compreender como Eduardo Coutinho trabalha sua poética musical e como esta contribui para a vitalidade de seus documentários. A partir de uma análise descritiva analítica e interpretativa do filme As Canções (2011), objetiva-se detectar os modos de operação da música nas chaves do sentido, das sensações e dos sentimentos. Para tanto, partiremos da hipótese de que o filme pode conter estratégias que tem como alvo fazer emergir sentimentos naquele que o aprecia e que o som é uma ferramenta crucial dessa estratégia.
Avant-garde
Authors: Loures José
Published: September 2022

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa teórica sobre o uso de jogos digitais em sala de aula, em específico o uso do jogo independente Avant-garde (2013) no ensino-aprendizagem de Artes Visuais. Esse jogo do gênero RPG propicia ao jogador a possibilidade de conhecer o cotidiano de pesquisa e o processo criativo de um artista em meados do século XIX. O trabalho também analisa Avant-garde nos quesitos:  conteúdo, jogabilidade, possibilidades de ações, acesso e viabilidade. Por fim, apresenta discussões sobre o ensino-aprendizagem de Artes Visuais através de Avant-garde.
Parte da história da atorialidade liminar (do teatro e do cinema)
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo Di Carlo
Published: September 2022

Tal artigo via a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica objetiva realizar um estudo sobre o percurso da voz da atorialidade liminar, do teatro para o cinema, destacando o seu papel, no que tange à presença e permanência histórica dos/as intérpretes no fazer atuacional. Logo, busca-se rastrear de forma breve os caminhos desta relação erigida historiograficamente, considerando as ascendências da formação do ator/atriz baseadas por longo período na preparação da voz dedicada à operatividade do/a atuante no teatro, a sequente assimilação da atorialidade na linguagem cinematográfica e a respectiva responsabilidade na adaptação da sua expressividade oral, quando da transição do período pré som sincrônico para o pós som sincrônico, abordando a relação prevalente do realismo cinematográfico em requerer ao plano atoral de criação o princípio de verdade cênica – promulgado pelo teatrólogo russo Stanislavski, e notavelmente desdobrado no cinema como a verossimilhança por Pudovkin -, que em suma busca materializar na encenação a ilusão estética e o efeito de imersão na espectatorialidade. Ao fim, atualiza a relação contemporânea entre a performatividade da voz atorial e a materialização da impressão de realidade na mise en scène.
Entre páginas e canções
Authors: Magalhães Naves Ludmila
Published: September 2022

Na entrevista transcrita a seguir, o músico, compositor e escritor mineiro, Eudes Magalhães, compartilha suas inspirações para compor e confessa suas crenças e intenções relativas ao ensino da música nas escolas. Ele relata sobre sua trajetória artística e discorre acerca de suas influências musicais, sua compreensão sobre o papel da arte tanto no cenário político atual quanto na realidade de isolamento social devido à pandemia mundial. Ele fala sobre as músicas gravadas em espanhol, bem como o uso de diversos suportes para divulgação de seus trabalhos, como o teatro, a exposição de esculturas e a gravação de vídeo clipes musicais. Como autor de livros, descreve algumas das histórias relativas às suas publicações literárias e para finalizar, fala sobre seu mais complexo trabalho até o momento, a obra: Na pele de Januário: o sete orelhas.