bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
18 Auditory Presence and Better Practice
Authors: Chattopadhyay Budhaditya
Published: January 2022

In Michel Chion’s book, Film, a Sound Art (2009), he argues that watching movies is more than just a visual exercise, describing it also as a process of ‘audio-viewing’. The audiovisual makes use of a wealth of tropes, devices, techniques and effects that convert multiple sensations into image and sound, therefore rendering, instead of reproducing, the world through cinema as a ‘truly audiovisual language’. Chion’s formulation adheres to the image-centric reading of sound in cinema and, therefore, fails to make a clear distinction between approaches towards the auditory and visual setting as two distinct production practices. This book aspires to make this distinction clear not only by using the coinage ‘sound art’ and ‘media arts’ as a metaphor but, unlike Chion, to also cite real works of sound-centric media artwork to show how the creative possibilities and potentials of sound in film are delimited and often suppressed to cater to the industrial needs of storytelling, diegesis and narration with an overwhelming desire to juxtapose sound events with visual cues (...
20 Emerging Trends and Future Directions
Authors: Chattopadhyay Budhaditya
Published: January 2022

From the outset, this book has focused on a comparative analysis of the auditory setting’s formation in film and audiovisual media artworks using ambient sounds gathered from actual sites and their sonic environments. However, the findings of the book can also be considered more broadly to inform the potential future of global sound production in which various forms and formats of expression coalesce. Film sound and media art practices may intersect through intensive technological convergence, aesthetic inclusivity, a sense of democratisation and artistic freedom. A sense of inclusivity and creative freedom could trigger the production of new, hybrid artistic forms enriched with experimentation, which could subvert former and current industrial norms and their limitations....
Order or justice? Republicans and the ‘urban crisis’, 1966–67
Authors: Mclay Mark
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores the Republican response to the ‘urban crisis’ of the mid-to-late 1960s. Specifically, it shows how conservative Republicans used the crisis – and particularly the violent uprisings and riots - to oppose further urban anti-poverty programmes and to advocate for ‘law and order’. Nonetheless, the chapter explains why a small band of moderate and progressive Republicans were spurred by the crisis into saving Johnson’s War on Poverty when it looked set to be scrapped in 1967.
The crossroads: Nixon’s early years, 1969–70
Authors: Mclay Mark
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores why Nixon initially chose to save Johnson’s War on Poverty and also why he tried to launch his own bold antipoverty gambit, in the form of the Family Assistance Plan (FAP). In doing so, the chapter charts the disagreements in the Nixon White House, particularly those between aides Daniel Patrick Moynihan and Arthur Burns. Overall, in failing to pass FAP, the chapter argues that Nixon misread his own party, which had no interest in such a grand anti-poverty initiative. Moreover, his own poor party leadership was also to blame for FAP failing in Congress.
Prophetic Elegy: Sir John Denham
Authors: Calvert Ian
Published: January 2022

Chapter 2 discusses Sir John Denham’s use of Virgil to mourn the death of Charles I in his published translations from the Aeneid (The Destruction of Troy and The Passion of Dido), and the Interregnum-era editions of his topographical poem Coopers Hill. Where the title-pages of these texts often engaged with the trope of the Virgilian poet as prophet by framing their elegies for Charles as moments of prophetic insight, in the poems themselves Denham acts as a Virgilian poet-counsellor. He supported Charles and lamented his death, but also criticised him for policies which he believed represented monarchical overreach; his political affinities were thus of a piece with the principles that have been termed constitutional royalism. In his contribution to Katherine Philips’ translation of Corneille’s tragedy Horace, his only major composition of the 1660s, Denham transferred his advice regarding the proper exercise of royal power from Charles I to his son.
Absent Presence: Abraham Cowley
Authors: Calvert Ian
Published: January 2022

Chapter 3 examines the influence of Virgilian prophecy on Abraham Cowley’s poetry, especially his attempts to praise the Stuart monarchy. Cowley’s predictions of a royalist victory in his first epic, The Civil War, were soon overtaken by events in the war itself, and forced prophecy to give way to lament. His next epic, the Davideis, deployed prophecy more successfully to acknowledge the future that he hoped would come to pass but feared would not. Cowley’s translation from the Georgics continued to express hopes for a Stuart restoration while acknowledging that such an event might never happen, even though it was first published in the early 1660s. Cowley’s final epic Sex Libri Plantarum celebrated the Restoration in explicitly panegyrical terms, but the Virgilian allusions in the poem’s prophecies undermined its triumphalism and predicted further catastrophes for the Stuart dynasty and the nation.
Sacred Majesty: John Ogilby
Authors: Calvert Ian
Published: January 2022

Chapter 4 discusses the status of John Ogilby’s translations as expressions of his deep loyalty to the Stuarts. Like other royalist translators during the Interregnum Ogilby used Virgil to mourn the death of Charles I; as he was a member of an ultra-loyalist faction his translations, first of Virgil and subsequently of Homer, also confidently predicted the restoration of the Stuart monarchy as an inevitability and provided counsel to his fellow royalists on how to expedite this event. His recycling of passages from his 1649 Virgil translation in his contribution to Charles II’s coronation procession demonstrated that his prophecies had been fulfilled, and served as a personal vindication of his convictions. The chapter closes with a discussion of Robert Heath’s Aeneid, which shares an ultraloyalist vocabulary with Ogilby’s translation but which is informed by a noticeably more moderate royalism.
Hopeful Prince: Sir Richard Fanshawe
Authors: Calvert Ian
Published: January 2022

Chapter 5 argues that even prior to the regicide Sir Richard Fanshawe’s primary loyalties were to Charles, Prince of Wales rather than to Charles I. Fanshawe presented himself as a Virgilian poet-counsellor and intimated that if Charles followed his advice he could succeed where his father had failed and fulfil the potential he showed to become a latter-day Augustus. Fanshawe’s translations from Virgil and Horace generally provided Charles with ethical guidance regarding the values of moderation and temperance, but elsewhere he gave more specifically political counsel. In his translations of Guarini’s Il Pastor Fido and Camões’s Os Lusíadas, and their paratexts, Fanshawe advocated that Charles could best serve the royalist cause by achieving a diplomatic alliance through marriage to an Iberian princess. Fanshawe lived long enough after the Restoration to see such a marriage-alliance come to pass, but also experience the stalling of hopes for a national revival that he anticipated such an event would bring.
The Quest for the Historical Prophet
Authors: Ringer Monica M.
Published: January 2022

Modernist histories historicized and reimagined the Prophet Mohammad the prescriptive model of a rationalized, internalized ‘modern’ Islam. The historicization of the Prophet, and the emphasis on his ability to negotiate essence in context, suggests an entirely new Islamic methodology. The essence of Islam is located uniquely in the Quran, and the Prophet becomes an example of accurate understanding of this essence – God’s intent – and its manifestation in “laws” and institutions appropriate for his specific historical time period. Prophetic Hadith, therefore, must be historicized, in order to extract their essence, or intentionality, from their specific manifestation in context. This methodology destabilized the entire premise of the Sunna, and effectively unbound ‘Islam’ from Tradition. Tradition as precedent gave way to the continual contextualization of essence – a ‘permanent becoming.’ This enabled reformers to go ‘back to the Quran’ and retrieve God’s intent. This innovative hermeneutics of the Quran and Hadith formed the basis for a new methodology for discovering and implementing ‘God’s Intent’ in the modern age.
Introduction
Authors: Girdwood Megan
Published: January 2022

The lively gesture; antiquity has permitted it.

—Aby Warburg

On 15 March 1914, the Washington Post printed an article by an American academic, Professor David Edgar Rice of Columbia University, who was anxious to alert readers to an alarming rise in cases of adultery and divorce involving dancers: women whose profession seemed to signal their moral disrepute....
‘Harmonies of Light’: Ciné-Dances and Women’s Silent Film
Authors: Girdwood Megan
Published: January 2022

This chapter focuses on Salome’s ‘dance of the seven veils’ in silent film. It shows how the modernist choreographic forms traced in previous chapters intersected with the development of filmic representation in both Hollywood and France, tracing the emergence of new grammars of movement through discourses surrounding performance, spectatorship, and the body in the 1920s. In the avant-garde silent film Salomé: An Historical Phantasy by Oscar Wilde (1922), the Russian actor and director Alla Nazimova paid queer homage to Wilde’s legacy by combining Beardsley’s Art Nouveau aesthetic with the modernist movement strategies of the Ballets Russes. Foregrounding the importance of this particular film, this chapter examines the reception of the various theatrical ‘vamps’ who played Salome, including Nazimova, Theda Bara and Mimi Aguglia, several of whom appeared in the interviews and neo-decadent short fiction of modernist author Djuna Barnes. Finally, it turns to the work of the French director Germaine Dulac, who was inspired by the performances of Loïe Fuller to develop a cinematographic practice devoted to the notion of the dancing line, embedding the kinaesthetics of modern dance in her experimental filmmaking.
Hardcore Wishman
Authors: Strub Whitney
Published: January 2022

This chapter historicizes Wishman’s place within hardcore adult film history as one of the few of a handful of female directors during the golden age of adult cinema. While Wishman disavowed making hardcore films, the author situates Wishman in relation to other softcore directors who disavowed their transition to hardcore, such as Pat Rocco and Herschell Gordon Lewis. The essay situates Wishman’s hardcore filmmaking as divergent from the “porno chic” hardcore that prized narrative and production value to instead focus on delivering the hardcore sequences with only minimal stitching to a narrative trajectory. The author also addresses the question of authorship for these films in a complex way, at once they evince formal techniques found in her softcore films, but they also point to the creative influences of performer Annie Sprinkle on the film’s production.
Bigotry or Liberalism? Dissenting Politics and the Liberal Party
Authors: Mallon Ryan
Published: January 2022

Chapter Six demonstrates how anti-Catholicism and dissenting co-operation played a major role in altering the complexion of Scottish electoral politics for over a decade. It examines the political alliance forged within the Liberal party by the Free and United Presbyterian churches based largely if not solely on a shared opposition to the Maynooth endowment. Throughout Scotland the alliance allowed middle-class radical dissenters to wrest control of the Liberal party from the ruling Whig elite, and dominate Scottish elections after 1846. As was the case during the Voluntary Controversy, religion and politics were intertwined in Scotland and across Britain in the mid-nineteenth century, and Scottish dissent – especially voluntaryism – was often synonymous with the more radical elements of liberalism. The chapter explores the extent to which this alliance, so successful across Scotland at the 1847 and 1852 general elections, allowed for a unified political vision that moved beyond Maynooth and articulated a broader anti-Whig and radical agenda within both the Free and United Presbyterian churches. Did a liberal-radical vision of dissenting Presbyterian politics emerge in the years after 1843, or was the electoral alliance of the 1840s and 1850s simply a marriage of convenience based on the narrow platform of anti-Maynooth opposition?
Scottish Education and Dissenting Division
Authors: Mallon Ryan
Published: January 2022

The final chapter assesses the role of the Free and United Presbyterian churches in the campaign for national education. From the early 1830s the questions regarding the position of national education in Britain and Ireland formed part of the broader battle between Church and dissent in the mid-nineteenth century. In Scotland, the national education debates offered Scotland’s dissenters an opportunity to attack the perceived privilege of the Established Church and its control over the parish schools. Organisations such as the National Education Association of Scotland that called for a state-run non-denominational system to replace the parish schools were primarily under the influence of Scottish dissent. However, debate over the future direction of education in Scotland divided not only the dissenting churches, but the Free Church itself. This chapter examines the extent to which the national education debates unified Scotland’s dissenters in a common goal against the Established Kirk’s parish schools, or whether they simply highlighted the existing divisions within Scottish dissent. In many respects, the education debates, like the other aspects of ecclesiastical, political, and social co-operation covered in the book, provide an interesting snapshot of Presbyterian dissenting relations in the transitional period between 1843 and 1863.
Henry Scougal and the Move Away from Calvinism in the Later Seventeenth Century
Authors: Poobalan Isaac M.
Published: January 2022

This chapter contends that the position of Henry Scougal (and, to a lesser extent, James and George Garden) is a transcendent space from the Calvinists, the Anglo Catholics, those of the via media and the Latitudinarians. While it is possible to locate non-juring tendencies in the generation of clergy and laity in the later seventeenth century, locating these tendencies in the author of the Life of God in the Soul of Man, opens up a space hitherto uninhabited. Scougal, professor of Divinity at King’s College, Aberdeen, argued for frequent communion sacraments in which Epiclesis was broadened from a call to the congregation to the whole of Scotland. Scougal’s advocacy of a plain life of justice and charity laid the groundwork for the spread of practical mysticism into the north-east of Scotland.
Clerics Behaving Badly: Ecclesiastical Commitment in the Jacobite Rising of 1745–6
Authors: Layne Darren S.
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines empirical evidence of martial and logistical assistance implemented by a select quantity of ministers involved in the Forty-five, and whether their practical commitment was indeed as energetic as their ideological enthusiasm. It assesses just how demonstrably impactful were the zealous ministers who spoke in favour of Jacobite aims immediately within the rising itself. It argues that Jacobite clergy in the Forty-five were collectively a moderate, if not overtly effective, grounding element that helped to convey the ideologies of pro-Stuart schemes. They also aided intermittently the martial effort in the field supplemented logistical aims in the localities. Due to the cross-denominational nature of their constituency and the fact that both Roman Catholic and non-juring Episcopal congregations were essentially illegal in the government’s eyes, Jacobite commanders were never able to employ the systemic communication and cohesive mission-plan wielded by Church of Scotland ministers in combating pockets of rebellion on the other side of the conflict.
Introduction
Authors: Kaup Monika
Published: January 2022

What comes after poststructuralism? This book is about an ongoing intellectual shift in the humanities and the humanistic social sciences in the wake of postmodernism and poststructuralism: the recovery of the real, and of realism. After decades of debate over the social and linguistic construction of everything, the problem of the real that postmodernism and poststructuralism had dismissed as naive is back on the intellectual agenda. For more than a decade now, we have been experiencing a so-called ontological turn in critical theory, a move towards questions of ‘what there is’, ‘what is the case’ and ‘how things are presented or given’: problems of being, existence, reality, world....
New Phenomenologies after Poststructuralism (Jean-Luc Marion and Alphonso Lingis) and Cormac McCarthy’s The Road
Authors: Kaup Monika
Published: January 2022

Considering Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology of givenness and Alphonso Lingis’s phenomenology of passionate identification in dialogue with Cormac McCarthy’s The Road, this chapter examines post-apocalyptic identity—implications of new realism and post-apocalyptic thinking for new concepts of the human self. Modeling a post-individual and decentered self that arises in response to an overpowering event, Marion is shown to align with The Road’s conceptualization of first-personal experience in the post-apocalyptic condition. Marion contends that the successor to the sovereign subject is a reduced self he names “the gifted,” which is imagined as a recipient first (an “unto whom”), who slowly evolves into an agent in a dialogic process of call and response with a higher power, “givenness.” For Marion, the notion of being gifted includes a darker dimension of “what befalls me.” Among the darkest of all post-apocalyptic novels, The Road features an unnamed protagonist who has been given a terrible responsibility: to raise a child born shortly after a global cataclysm on a dying planet. The father’s response is to embrace this responsibility with passionate commitment, expressed in a mantra (“I am a father”), which is seen to exemplify Lingis’s claim that self arises, and peaks in, impassioned states.
Talking Topology in the Finisterras
Authors: White Kenneth
Published: January 2022

Taking Malpas’ work as a foil and focus, White explores the crises and catastrophes of philosophy and poetry arguing for the need for a new way of understanding both at the heart of which is the poetic and philosophical engagement with place, space and world.
‘Where Hegel Meets the Chinese Gulls’: Place, Work and World
Authors: Malpas Jeff
Published: January 2022

Beginning with White’s concern with the question of world, Malpas moves to explore the implication of the self in philosophical and poetic reflection, along with the essentially placed character of such reflection; the character of place as tied to both staying and journeying, and the role of narrative and movement in the structure of place; the role of language in the opening of place and world, and so also the topology that belongs to language and to poetry; and, finally, the political and cultural critique that is bound up with White’s own geopoetics and the turn to place that it can be seen to embody.
Textuality versus Reality
Authors: Alharthi Jokha
Published: January 2022

Does the beloved's absence enhance the intensity of the poetry written about her? This chapter examines the friction between poetry and possession. By tracing the tropes of unfulfilled love and the idealised woman, the chapter offers an argument about how cultural values developed around poetry. This discussion leads to an analysis of the reception of the poet as a hero and the representation of poetry as the ultimate goal.
Translation and Reception in the US and France
Authors: Nanquette Laetitia
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, I focus on literary production in the US and in France, making a comparison between the two spaces. Numerically and symbolically, an important part of Iranian literature abroad is written and published in these two countries, hence my focus on them. I first analyse the practice of translation from modern Persian literature into English in the United States over thirty years, defining where the translation field intersects with the academic, political and literary fields in the case of Persian texts. In the next section, I look at the production of Iranian texts in France. In the early 2010s, important changes happened, with more varied texts coming to the fore: these are signs that the relations with the US and France are increasingly complex and multi-layered and that the modes of writing and translating that happened after the revolution have been challenged by new paradigms.
Post-Revolutionary Iranian Literature in the World and in the Persian Cultural System
Authors: Nanquette Laetitia
Published: January 2022

In this concluding chapter, I bring together the reflections from the first part of the book on the place of post-revolutionary Iranian literature in contemporary Iran, and those from the second part of the book on its circulation outside of the Iranian borders. I discuss the position that post-revolutionary Iranian literature has in these two spaces and reflect on how this has evolved in the past forty years. The chapter starts by analysing two books that have had an important circulation outside of Iran: ‘The Book of Fate’ ‘ by Parinoush Saniee and ‘Censoring an Iranian Love Story’ by Shahriar Mandanipour. I then make a comparison between literature and other arts (cinema and visual arts) to find what is specific to literature in the place and circulation of Persian art products. Finally, I argue that Iranian literature is slowly being replaced in the Persian cultural system both within Iran and abroad, by visual media. This is a major shift in the history of Persian culture which has been dominated by the literary for centuries.
Introduction
Authors: Vlassopoulos Kostas
Published: January 2022

This introductory chapter emphasises the significance of slavery for the history of ancient societies, while also noting a series of major problems with the traditional framework that has been used in the study of ancient slaveries. This framework is based on an essentialist approach to ancient slavery, as the result of the unilateral power of masters over slaves; the distinction between slave societies and societies with slaves; and a static narrative of the history of ancient slavery, without change for most of antiquity. In the light of these problems, the introduction sets out an alternative conceptual framework, while also offering a summary of how each chapter explores the various aspects of this framework.
Enslaved Persons
Authors: Vlassopoulos Kostas
Published: January 2022

Chapter 5 aims to construct a new framework for approaching the complex phenomenon of slave identity. The first part of the chapter distinguishes between categorical and relational modes of slave identification and examines their implications. The second part of the chapter examines three key aspects of slave identities: the categorisation of people as slaves; the various self-understandings of the slaves; and the forms of slave groupness. This conceptual framework highlights the complex and contradictory phenomenon of slave identities; while slave categorisation had undoubtedly major consequences for the lives of slaves, at the same time slaves could see themselves as free people in captivity, or build identities and groups on the basis of other factors: gender, kinship, ethnicity, religion and profession. Ultimately, the major struggle that slaves engaged in concerned the gap between the nominal slave identity imposed on slaves and its real impact in shaping slave lives. The concept of ‘enslaved persons’ allows us to capture the complex and contradictory character of slave identities.
The Power of Borderlands Shakespeare: Seres Jaime Magaña’s The Tragic Corrido of Romeo and Lupe
Authors: Gillen Katherine , Santos Adrianna M.
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the Pharr Community Theatre’s 2018 performance of Seres Jaime Magaña’s The Tragic Corrido of Romeo and Lupe, an appropriation of Romeo and Juliet. Like many appropriations, this bilingual play uses Shakespeare’s story to explore broad questions of language, love, identity, and justice. However, Magaña’s production grounds these explorations in the explicitly local context of the Rio Grande Valley, with environmental destruction, water rights, and agricultural working conditions shaping the play’s depiction of inter-racial/inter-class love. Nearly all of the play’s characters are Mexican American, though some of the characters are undocumented immigrants. We argue the play lends a subversive power to the retelling of Shakespeare’s most adapted work by employing specifically Tejano sensibilities, genres, and language and by making concrete references to life along the Texas-Mexico border. In The Tragic Corrido, universalizing understandings of Shakespeare are abandoned in favour of an approach that adapts Shakespeare to the concerns of a specific community, using Romeo and Juliet as a vehicle through which the residents of the “Magical Valley,” can negotiate questions of identity, place, language, and difference.
Celebrating Flippancy: Latinas in Miami Talk Back to Shakespeare
Authors: Sutton James M. , Ferrell Catherine Socarras , Menéndez Ana , Urbistondo Josie , Acuña-Borrero Yasbel , Rosell Cristina , Rosell Carla , Herbut Sophie
Published: January 2022

Incorporating the perspectives of seven Florida International University (FIU) Latinx alumnae, who offer reflections upon their classroom encounters with Shakespeare and their ongoing (dis)engagements with his words and works, James M. Sutton provides testimony and comment on the varying resonances that Latinx women may intuit as they appropriate the author. In wrestling with and thereby claiming Shakespeare on their own terms and for their own purposes, these Latinas engage in “flippancy.” Contra the current pejorative connotations of this word, which purportedly denote women’s’ chatter and gossip, Sutton returns to the word’s original meanings, which emphasize nimble and lively conversation and linguistic dexterity—without gender assignments—to describe the strong possession of Shakespeare these women claim. The essay engages his work with students Catherine Socarras Ferrell, Ana Menéndez, Josie Urbistondo, Yasbel Acuña-Borrero, Cristina Rosell, Carla Rosell and Sophie Herbut.
Strategies for Heterologous Expression, Synthesis, and Purification of Animal Venom Toxins
Authors: Rivera-de-Torre Esperanza , Rimbault Charlotte , Jenkins Timothy P. , Sørensen Christoffer V. , Damsbo Anna , Saez Natalie J. , Duhoo Yoan , Hackney Celeste Menuet , Ellgaard Lars , Laustsen Andreas H.
Published: January 2022

Animal venoms are complex mixtures containing peptides and proteins known as toxins, which are responsible for the deleterious effect of envenomations. Across the animal Kingdom, toxin diversity is enormous, and the ability to understand the biochemical mechanisms governing toxicity is not only relevant for the development of better envenomation therapies, but also for exploiting toxin bioactivities for therapeutic or biotechnological purposes. Most of toxinology research has relied on obtaining the toxins from crude venoms; however, some toxins are difficult to obtain because the venomous animal is endangered, does not thrive in captivity, produces only a small amount of venom, is difficult to milk, or only produces low amounts of the toxin of interest. Heterologous expression of toxins enables the production of sufficient amounts to unlock the biotechnological potential of these bioactive proteins. Moreover, heterologous expression ensures homogeneity, avoids cross-contamination with other venom components, and circumvents the use of crude venom. Heterologous expression is also not only restricted to natural toxins, but allows for the design of toxins with special properties or can take advantage of the increasing amount of transcriptomics and genomics data, enabling the expression of dormant toxin genes. The main challenge when producing toxins is obtaining properly folded proteins with a correct disulfide pattern that ensures the activity of the toxin of interest. This review presents the strategies that can be used to express toxins in bacteria, yeast, insect cells, or mammalian cells, as well as synthetic approaches that do not involve cells, such as cell-free biosynthesis and peptide synthesis. This is accompanied by an overview of the main advantages and drawbacks of these different systems for producing toxins, as well as a discussion of the biosafety considerations that need to be made when working with highly bioactive proteins.
The Cross-Talk Between EGFR and E-Cadherin
Authors: Ramírez Moreno Miguel , Bulgakova Natalia A.
Published: January 2022

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and adhesion protein E-cadherin are major regulators of proliferation and differentiation in epithelial cells. Consistently, defects in both EGFR and E-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion are linked to various malignancies. These defects in either are further exacerbated by the reciprocal interactions between the two transmembrane proteins. On the one hand, EGFR can destabilize E-cadherin adhesion by increasing E-cadherin endocytosis, modifying its interactions with cytoskeleton and decreasing its expression, thus promoting tumorigenesis. On the other hand, E-cadherin regulates EGFR localization and tunes its activity. As a result, loss and mutations of E-cadherin promote cancer cell invasion due to uncontrolled activation of EGFR, which displays enhanced surface motility and changes in endocytosis. In this minireview, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the cross-talk between E-cadherin and EGFR, highlighting emerging evidence for the role of endocytosis in this feedback, as well as its relevance to tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis and cancer progression.
Precise Molecular Design of a Pair of New Regioisomerized Fluorophores With Opposite Fluorescent Properties
Authors: Wang Zexin , Li Renfu , Chen Li , Zhai Xin , Liu Wei , Lin Xiang , Chen Liwei , Chen Nannan , Sun Shitao , Li Zhenli , Hao Jinle , Chen Xueyuan , Lin Bin , Xie Lijun
Published: January 2022

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has attracted much attention in the past 2 decades. To develop novel AIE-active materials, ACQ-to-AIE transformation via regioisomerization is one of the most straightforward method. However, most of the reported ACQ-to-AIE transformations are achieved by migrating bulky units. In this work, a facile conversion was realized by migrating a small pyrrolidinyl group from para- to ortho-position on the rofecoxib scaffold. As a result, a pair of new isomers named MOX2 and MOX4 exhibited AIE behavior and ACQ activity, respectively. Moreover, MOX2 also showed solvatochromic, mechanochromic, and acidochromic properties with reversible multi-stimulus behavior. Single crystal X-ray analysis of MOX2 revealed that the molecular conformation and its packing mode were responsible for the AIE emission behavior. Further investigation indicated that MOX2 showed high lipid droplets staining selectivity. Taken together, the current work not only provides a new design philosophy for achieving ACQ-to-AIE conversion by migrating a small pyrrolidinyl group but also presents a promising candidate MOX2 for potential applications such as in security ink, optical recording and biological applications.
Developing a Choice-Based Digital Fiction for Body Image Bibliotherapy
Authors: Wilks Christine , Ensslin Astrid , Rice Carla , Riley Sarah , Perram Megan , Bailey K. Alysse , Munro Lauren , Fowlie Hannah
Published: January 2022

Body dissatisfaction is so common in the western world that it has become the norm, especially among women and girls. Writing New Body Worlds is a transdisciplinary research-creation project that aims to address these issues by developing an interactive digital fiction for body image bibliotherapy. It is created with the critical co-design participation of a group of young women and non-binary individuals (aged 18–25) from diverse backgrounds, who are representative of its intended audience. This article discusses how our participant research influenced the creative development of the digital fiction, its characters and its novel ludonarrative or story-game design. It theorizes how the specific affordances of a choice-based interactive narrative, that situates the reader-player in the mind of the fictional protagonist, may lead to enhanced empathic identification and agency and, therefore, a more profoundly immersive and potentially transformative experience. This process of “diegetic enactment” is where we postulate the therapeutic value lies: an ontological oscillation between the reader-player’s mind and the fictional mind, which may induce the reader-player to reflect upon, and perhaps subtly alter, their own body image.
Case Report: Two Myxomas of Different Echodensities on Transthoracic Echocardiography in One Patient
Authors: Kong Ling-Yun , Cui Xiao-Zheng , Xiang Wei , Chen Ling-Ling , Li Li , Liu Fang
Published: January 2022

We report a rare case of coincidental left atrial and right ventricular myxomas manifesting as masses with different echodensities on transthoracic echocardiography. This patient had a history of left atrial myxoma, left intra-left internal carotid artery myxoma, and facial cutaneous myxoma 3 years prior to admission. A Carney complex was suspected, and the patient subsequently tested positive for PRKAR1A mutations. The patient was followed up regularly by a biannual echocardiography, which was free from abnormalities until the date of admission. A repeat transthoracic echocardiography revealed a massive left atrial mass of solid echodensity, and a minute hypoechoic entity in the right ventricular outflow tract. Both masses were confirmed for existence by an enhanced cardiac CT. Chest CT also revealed multiple pulmonary emboli. Successful surgical repair was performed revealing that both masses were hemorrhagic nipple-like lesions and that the pulmonary emboli were myxomatous in nature. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Postoperative echocardiography showed a clear heart chamber, and the 1-year follow-up showed no abnormalities. Further research is needed to clarify the echocardiographic characteristics of multiple myxomas when they occurred simultaneously in different chambers.
Well-Being, PTSD, College Adjustment in Student Veterans With and Without Disabilities
Authors: Umucu Emre , Chan Fong , Lee Beatrice , Brooks Jessica , Reyes Antonio , Mangadu Thenral , Chiu Chung-Yi , Ferreira-Pinto Joao
Published: January 2022

We examined mediating effects of the pillars of well-being (i.e., positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment) on the relationship between PTSD symptoms and college life adjustment for student veterans. We recruited 205 student veterans. Mediation analysis was conducted to test whether the pillars of well-being mediate the relationship between PTSD and college life adjustment. The results showed that positive emotion and accomplishment had mediating effects on the relationship between PTSD symptoms and college adjustment.
Teacher Training Via Debate on the Way of St. James as Controversial Heritage
Authors: Castro-Fernández Belén , Jiménez-Esquinas Guadalupe , López-Facal Ramón
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the results of an intervention proposal regarding cultural heritage based on active learning methods and carried out during initial teacher training. The social theme taken as a reference was the pilgrim route of the Way of St. James declared to be the first Cultural Route of the Council of Europe in 1987, due to the fact that its controversial dimensions (conservation, use, management, authenticity, stereotypes and performativity) make it possible to develop critical thinking through research and debate. This study is set in the context of a prior line of research which aimed to stimulate investigative, ethical, reflexive and argumentation competences among future teachers. From the interpretive paradigm, it was attempted to verify, via questionnaires, narratives and open reflections, what effects participation in this experiment would have on the participating trainee teachers’ perceptions of heritage and the educational potential thereof. The future teachers: 1) learned to value the emotional dimensions of heritage as catalysts for learning and resignification processes, particularly in relation to the Way of St. James; 2) highlighted active, student-centred, methodological strategies in order to discover and understand their social reality; 3) emphasised the value of a reflexive and critical model of teaching in order to develop a committed attitude towards the environment; 4) identified the fact that controversial issues are a useful tool with regard to civic education and the development of critical thinking.
Functional Flows in Groundwater-Influenced Streams: Application of the California Environmental Flows Framework to Determine Ecological Flow Needs
Authors: Yarnell Sarah M. , Willis Ann , Obester Alyssa , Peek Ryan A. , Lusardi Robert A. , Zimmerman Julie , Grantham Theodore E. , Stein Eric D.
Published: January 2022

Environmental flows, or the practice of allocating water in river systems for ecological purposes, is a leading strategy for conserving aquatic species and improving river health. However, consideration of surface-groundwater connectivity is seldom addressed in environmental flow development due to a lack of methodologies that account for groundwater contributions to instream flow. Groundwater-influenced streams have been identified as key refugia for native biota under a rapidly changing climate. These ecosystems are anticipated to be more resistant to climate change because groundwater input buffers the adverse effects of low flows and high temperatures, particularly in the dry season. Less understood, however, is the relative contribution of groundwater inputs to streamflow and how these surface-groundwater water interactions should be accounted for in environmental flow assessments and management actions. In order to assess ecological flow needs in groundwater-influenced streams, we applied the California Environmental Flows Framework (CEFF) in two river systems in California, United States. The Little Shasta River and the lower Cosumnes River are representative of many groundwater-influenced streams throughout the semi-arid western United States. Historically, perennial streamflow once sustained diverse native aquatic species in these ecosystems, but water withdrawals for irrigated agriculture has resulted in periodic stream dewatering. We found CEFF was useful in quantifying ecological flow needs for seasonal components of the flow regime that support ecosystem functionality. In particular, CEFF offered flexibility to incorporate information on the seasonal and spatial dimensions of groundwater influences in the development of ecological flow targets. The focus on ecosystem functions in CEFF, and ability to account for groundwater influences on those functions, creates opportunities for integrated surface-groundwater management strategies that support the recovery and protection of streamflows in groundwater-influenced streams.
Effects of Poplar Ecological Retreat on Habitat Suitability for Migratory Birds in China’s Dongting Lake Wetland
Authors: Qu Xinyu , Du Chunyan , Wu Haipeng , Xiong Ying , Yu Guanlong , Wang Jiasheng , Dai Juan , Wu Lixue , Zhang Zhuo , Zhu Yuqian , Liu Jingdu
Published: January 2022

The Poplar Ecological Retreat (PER) project in Dongting Lake wetland is an important measure in response to China’s ecological civilization construction policy, it aims to remove eastern cottonwoods (Populus deltoides) that artificial large-scale planted in this area and restore the natural state of the wetland, and has got a lot of attention by society and scholars. However, as one of the most important wintering place for migratory birds in the world, the impact of PER on migratory bird habitats in Dongting Lake wetland has not been evaluated. In this paper, we used the habitat suitability index model based on remote sensing to explore the impact of PER on the four mainly migratory bird guilds (Anatidae, Charadriidae, Ardeidae and Laridae) in Dongting Lake wetland. The suitability included four grades: poorly (0–25), generally (25–50), moderately (50–75), and highly (75–100). The results showed that the area of poplars in Dongting Lake wetland decreased significantly after PER was implemented. There was a negative correlation between poplar area and moderate grade habitat area of Anatidae and Ardeidae, and a positive correlation between poplar area and general grade habitat area. However, there was no significant change in different grades of habitat area of Charadriidae and Laridae after PER. Thus, PER improved the habitat suitability of Anatidae and Ardeidae, but had no significant effect on the suitability of habitat for Charadriidae and Laridae. These conclusions could provide reference for understanding the living conditions of Dongting Lake wetland waterbirds, determining the priority protection areas and maintaining wetland biodiversity.
Taxonomic, Phylogenetic and Functional Diversity of Bird Assemblages in Urban Green Spaces: Null Model Analyses, Temporal Variation and Ecological Drivers
Authors: Nava-Díaz Remedios , Zuria Iriana , Pineda-López Rubén
Published: January 2022

Urban expansion is a pervasive driver of biodiversity loss. To understand the effects of urbanization on diversity, we investigated the response of bird taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity to urban green spaces’ characteristics in thirty-one green spaces of Mexico City. Selected sites encompassed variation of environmental factors along a transformation gradient, from natural protected areas to landscaped parks. Bird observations were conducted during winter (non-breeding season), spring (dry breeding season), and summer (wet breeding season). We used multi-model inference to assess the relationship of green space area, shape, isolation, tree richness, habitat diversity, and vegetation cover with species richness, Faith’s phylogenetic diversity, and functional richness. We calculated standardized effect sizes from null models to assess phylogenetic and functional structure. We registered 91 species belonging to 28 families across all sites and seasons. The number of detected species was largest in winter and decreased toward the dry breeding season, and then toward the wet breeding season. We found a moderate to strong positive relationship of species richness with phylogenetic diversity and functional richness. Overall, phylogenetic and functional structure of bird communities in green spaces was neither clustered nor over-dispersed. However, few cases of functional clustering, phylogenetic clustering, or both were observed, and they corresponded to natural protected areas. Results showed a predominant role of green space area in determining community diversity and phylogenetic structure while it did not influence functional structure. Contrary to our predictions, habitat diversity had a negative effect on species richness and phylogenetic diversity and this effect was detected only during the wet breeding season, whereas isolation showed a positive relationship with phylogenetic and functional structure, during the wet breeding season and winter, respectively. This study emphasizes the use of complementary measures of diversity together with the comparison between observed and expected values to get a better insight into the mechanisms by which green spaces’ characteristics affect bird diversity across the seasons.
Benefits of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Zhou Wenyujing , Chen Weihong , Wan Xiaochun , Luo Changru , Du Xin , Li Xiaoqing , Chen Qian , Gao Ruiwen , Zhang Xiaohan , Xie Mei , Wang Mingjun
Published: January 2022

Objective:The aim was to study the benefits and risks of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells in adults with B-cell lymphoma.

Methods:From October 2015 to October 2021, we treated five patients with B-cell lymphoma, comprising two with mantle cell lymphoma, one case of Burkitt lymphoma, one case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and one case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. The patients were given the FC regimen 5 days before the infusion of anti-CD19 CAR T-cells. The median total number of CAR T-cells infusions was 350*10^6 (88*10^6–585*10^6).

Results:1) Patients who received CAR T-cell induction therapy achieved complete remission (CR) in Case 1 and Case 3 and partial remission (PR) in Case 2. Case 3’s ATM and D13S25 gene deletions were negative 42 days after CAR T-cell therapy, and molecular biology CR (mCR) and minimal residual disease (MRD) were negative for 5 years and 6 months. The patient in Case 3 was cured. 2) Case 4 patient’s TP53 gene mutation became negative 1 month after CAR T-cell therapy. MRD was negative after CAR T-cell therapy at 41 and 42 months in Cases 4 and 5, respectively. 3) Case 1∼Case 3 patients developed cytokine release syndrome (CRS) without encephalopathy syndrome, accompanied with serious adverse events. CRS can be effectively managed with tocilizumab, etanercept, glucocorticoids, and plasmapheresis.

Conclusion:Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy is effective in treating relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma, and the side effects of CAR T-cell therapy can be properly managed. CAR T-cell therapy has high efficacy and presented no side effects in the treatment of MRD in B-cell lymphoma (NCT03685786, NCT02456350).
Nanoscale to Macroscale Characterization of in—Situ Bacterial Biopolymers for Applications in Soil Stabilization
Authors: Ramachandran Asha Latha , Mukherjee Abhijit , Dhami Navdeep K
Published: January 2022

Bacterial biopolymers produced extracellularly due to microbial metabolic activities have gained considerable interest in various engineering applications. The major advantages of bacterial biopolymers is their in-situ production and low water solubility, eliminating the requirement for mixing in granular substrates such as soils. These properties make them highly desirable and preferable to manufactured biopolymers. But for any engineering applications, it is crucial to understand the mechanical properties of these materials, which have been less explored. This investigation is the first attempt to quantify the nano and macro mechanical properties of in-situ bacterial biopolymer dextran produced by bacterial culture Leucononstoc mesenteroids. The fundamental mechanism of bacterial biopolymer-based cementation has been revealed through their morphographic and nanomechanical testing via atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation and scanning electron micrographs. The effect of bacterially produced biopolymers and commercial biopolymers on the macro-mechanical properties of soils was then investigated via needle penetration tests. In-situ biopolymers were found to be highly effective in stabilizing soils with comparable mechanical properties as commercial biopolymers. This study has demonstrated novel methods for testing in situ polymers and opened up the channels for their applications in numerous subsurface as well as surface applications.