bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elevated blood lead levels of refugee children in the United States: a systematic review of recent literature (2011–2021)
Authors: Balza Joanna S. , Bikomeye Jean C. , Beyer Kirsten M. M. , Rublee Caitlin , Flynn Kathryn E.
Published: April 2022

Lead is an environmental hazard; even small elevations in blood lead level can cause serious negative health effects in children, including irreversible impacts such as learning difficulties, attention disorders, and behavioral issues. Previous research has shown that some groups are at higher risk for lead poisoning including racial/ethnic minorities, those with low economic status, and immigrants, especially refugees. This systematic review explores recent literature studying disparities in lead poisoning in refugee children. Search terms were chosen with the assistance of a medical librarian, and two independent reviewers assessed articles using a PICOS criteria (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study Design) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRIMSA-P) guidelines, a set of evidence-based minimum standards for reporting in systematic reviews. 321 article titles were reviewed, 61 abstracts screened, and 17 methods sections reviewed, ultimately including 13 studies. The studies found a high prevalence of elevated blood lead level among refugee populations when compared to reference populations. Both pre-migration and post-migration factors were identified as contributors to the disparity, and associations were identified between elevated blood lead levels and factors such as country of origin, age, and other health variables. Health providers and resettlement workers should be aware of these disparities and related factors. Testing, care, education and consistent follow-up should be provided.
On the multi-annual potential predictability of the Arctic Ocean climate state in the INM RAS climate model
Authors: Volodin Evgeny M. , Vorobyeva Vasilisa V.
Published: April 2022

Idealized numerical experiments with the INM RAS climate model are used to study the potential predictability of the temperature in the upper 300-meter layer of the Arctic Ocean. It is shown that the heat content can be predictable for up to 4–6 years. Positive anomalies of the temperature and salinity are preceded for several years by a state in which the influx of Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean exceeds the average value. Surface fields, including temperature, salinity, concentration and mass of ice, are less predictable than the heat content in the layer of 0–300 meters.
Semiotics in South Korea: history and research trends
Authors: Zhang Naiyu
Published: April 2022

Semiotic studies in South Korea have a relatively short history; nevertheless, they enjoy a rapid development from a high starting point, so their research scale and insightful perspectives should not be underestimated. The introduction of “structuralist theory” in the late 1960s paved the way for Korean semiotics to enter the academic arena ideologically and theoretically. In the process of following the international trend of semiotic research, Korean semiotics has also formed its own characteristics. After over 40 years of development, it has become an important part of the world’s semiotic studies. It has experienced three historical stages, namely, the budding period (1974–1983), the steady development period (1984–1993), and the comprehensive advancement period (1994–present). The current Korean semiotics presents obvious new trends as follows: conducting cross-regional integration research, highlighting the national characteristic culture, and focusing on the current application of research. First, Korean scholars switched their focus to East Asia, and emphasized the presentness and application of related research while focusing on the combination of semiotics with traditional cultural classics and cultural heritage. Second, in terms of the field of study, Korean semiotics has expanded across multiple fields such as linguistics, literature, aesthetics, philosophy, communication and traditional culture, music, dance, film, architecture, design, and so forth. Finally, in terms of studying the application of semiotics, it has already reached a considerable scale and depth. Although semiotic research in Korea still needs continuous efforts in enhancing theoretical depth and rigor, it has created a wide development space and displayed unlimited potential in terms of innovation of research perspectives and novelty of ideas.
Controlling chaos in New Keynesian macroeconomics
Authors: Barnett William A. , Bella Giovanni , Ghosh Taniya , Mattana Paolo , Venturi Beatrice
Published: April 2022

In a New Keynesian model, it is believed that combining active monetary policy using a Taylor rule with a passive fiscal rule can achieve local equilibrium determinacy. However, even with such policies, indeterminacy can occur from the emergence of a Shilnikov chaotic attractor in the region of the feasible parameter space. That result, shown by Barnett et al. (2022a), “Shilnikov Chaos, Low Interest Rates, and New Keynesian Macroeconomics,” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 134, and again by Barnett et al. (2022b), “Is Policy Causing Chaos in the United Kingdom,” Economic Modeling 108, implies that the presence of the Shilnikov chaotic attractor can cause the economy to drift towards and finally become stuck in the vicinity of lower-than-targeted inflation and nominal interest rates. The result can become the source of a liquidity trap phenomenon. We propose policy options for eliminating or controlling Shilnikov chaotic dynamics to help the economy escape from the liquidity trap or avoid drifting into it in the first place. We consider ways to eliminate or control the chaos by replacing the usual Taylor rule by an alternative policy design without interest rate feedback, such as a Taylor rule with monetary quantity feedback, an active fiscal policy rule with passive monetary rule, or an open loop policy without feedback. We also consider approaches that retain the Taylor rule with interest rate feedback and the associated Shilnikov chaos, while controlling the chaos through a well-known engineering algorithm using a second policy instrument. We find that a second instrument is needed to incorporate a long-run terminal condition missing from the usual myopic Taylor rule.
Data fusion of local and global sensors within a Global Reference System in aeroplane assembly
Authors: Huber Meike , Nicksch Christoph , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: April 2022

Currently, aeroplane assembly is carried out in rigid, aeroplane-specific assembly lines which causes high costs for reconfiguration. One approach to reduce the costs is to use automated lineless assembly systems. To enable automated reconfiguration of assembly processes, continuous availability of factory-wide position data is required. When providing these data, a challenge is the combination of large-volume, “global” measurement sensors and high-precision, “local” measurement sensors to a single easily interpretable indication. The aim of this research work is the fusion of local and global measurement data within a so-called Global Reference System (GRS). For data fusion, sensors are linked to a reference measurement system covering the entire assembly area. The relationships between the coordinate systems of the individual measurement systems are described using homogeneous transformations. Using Kalman filters, the transformed measurement data are fused into a vector containing information about the pose of aeroplane components. Furthermore, a GUM-compliant statement about the measurement uncertainty of the fused sensor data is made by specifying the covariance matrix. The method is validated using a demonstrator covering the essential aspects of the assembly process. The result is a validated procedure for data fusion and for the determination of the combined measurement uncertainty in a GRS.
The Psychometric Properties of the Short Physical Performance Battery to Assess Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kameniar Kate , Mackintosh Shylie , Van Kessel Gisela , Kumar Saravana
Published: April 2022

Background:

Maintaining physical performance in older age is critical. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is one of many tools available to measure physical performance in older people.

Purpose:

Describe the psychometric properties of the SPPB.

Methods:

Using a systematic review methodology, quantitative studies addressing the validity, reliability, and sensitivity of the SPPB in populations 60 years or older were included. We searched 8 databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane, Ageline, Amed, Embase, Scopus, and Emcare, as well as gray literature. Two researchers independently screened, appraised, and extracted data from the literature, following which a descriptive synthesis was undertaken.

Results:

Twenty-eight studies with varying methodological quality were included. Floor and ceiling effects were reported in 4 studies, generally related to very high or very low functioning adults. Nineteen studies investigated validity with varying correlations between the SPPB and other physical performance assessment tools. Ten studies reported good to excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient ranging 0.82-0.92). Minimum detectable change indicates low sensitivity (ranging 0.7-3.42).

Discussion:

Evidence from the literature indicates that the SPPB is a reliable and valid measure of physical performance in adults older than 60 years. However, the SPPB has a narrow scope and is most appropriate for frail older adults who can ambulate and are cognitively able to follow instructions. It has limited applicability for specific populations such as people with dementia who have difficulty following instructions. Targeted training for users may improve its usability and success in clinical practice.

Conclusions:

Clinicians should be mindful that while the SPPB has good validity and reliability, it has limited applicability for people with dementia and is not particularly sensitive to change. In practice, this means that it provides a good snapshot of a client's physical performance compared with the rest of the older population; it is less useful for tracking changes to physical performance over time.
Effects of Differences in Exercise Programs With Regular Resistance Training on Resting Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Igarashi Yutaka
Published: April 2022

Igarashi, Y. Effects of differences in exercise programs with regular resistance training on resting blood pressure in hypertensive adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate changes in resting blood pressure (RBP) with differences in regular resistance training (RT) programs. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials involving hypertensive adults and interventions involving only RT of both the upper and lower limbs for ≥7 weeks. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was defined as the mean difference between the exercise and control groups, weighted by the inverse of the squared standard error for each study, and all WMDs in RBP were pooled as overall effects. A simple meta-regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between RT variables (percentage 1 repetition maximum [1RM], number of repetitions, number of sets, and weekly frequency) and changes in RBP. Seventeen studies (646 subjects) were analyzed. The pooled WMDs in the resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) and resting diastolic blood pressure (RDBP) decreased significantly but contained significant heterogeneity {RSBP, −4.7 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], −6.7 to −2.8; I
2 = 46.6%); RDBP, −3.5 mm Hg (95% CI, −4.9 to −2.1; I
2 = 39.1%)}. Meta-regression analysis revealed that an increase in % 1RM was significantly associated with a decrease in the RSBP (γ = −0.25x0 + 10.85, where γ represents the mean difference in RSBP, and x0 represents % 1RM [%]), and heterogeneity was alleviated (I
2 = 0.0%). For reducing RSBP, regular RT with moderate or heavy loads may be more beneficial than regular RT with light loads.
Swinging the Score? Swing Phrasing Cannot Be Communicated via Explicit Notation Instructions Alone
Authors: Corcoran Christopher , Stupacher Jan , Vuust Peter
Published: April 2022

Jazz musicians usually learn to play with “swing” phrasing by playing by ear. Classical musicians—who play more from musical scores than by ear—are reported to struggle with producing swing. We explored whether classical musicians play with more swing when performing from more detailed swing notation. Thereby we investigated whether a culturally specific improvisational social procedure can be scripted in detailed music notation for musicians from a different performance background. Twenty classical musicians sight-read jazz tunes from three styles of notation, each with a different level of notational complexity. Experienced jazz listeners evaluated the performances. Results showed that more score-independent classical musicians with strong aural abilities played with equally strong swing regardless of notation; more score-dependent musicians swung most with the medium-complexity classical notation. The data suggest that some higher-level swing features, such as appropriate articulation, event durations, and deviations from a beat sequence can be communicated to a limited extent using written instructions. However, their successful implementation in performance depends on matching instructional complexity to a musician’s skill at decoding and interpreting unfamiliar information. This link between decoding skills and cross-cultural performance makes our findings relevant to ethnological and musicological studies of musical communication processes and perception-action coupling.
The Associations Between Music Training, Musical Working Memory, and Visuospatial Working Memory
Authors: Silas Sebastian , Müllensiefen Daniel , Gelding Rebecca , Frieler Klaus , Harrison Peter M. C.
Published: April 2022

Prior research studying the relationship between music training (MT) and more general cognitive faculties, such as visuospatial working memory (VSWM), often fails to include tests of musical memory. This may result in causal pathways between MT and other such variables being misrepresented, potentially explaining certain ambiguous findings in the literature concerning the relationship between MT and executive functions. Here we address this problem using latent variable modeling and causal modeling to study a triplet of variables related to working memory: MT, musical working memory (MWM), and VSWM. The triplet framing allows for the potential application of d-separation (similar to mediation analysis) and V-structure search, which is particularly useful since, in the absence of expensive randomized control trials, it can test causal hypotheses using cross-sectional data. We collected data from 148 participants using a battery of MWM and VSWM tasks as well as a MT questionnaire. Our results suggest: 1) VSWM and MT are unrelated, conditional on MWM; and 2) by implication, there is no far transfer between MT and VSWM without near transfer. However, the data are unable to distinguish an unambiguous causal structure. We conclude by discussing the possibility of extending these models to incorporate more complex or cyclic effects.
Tjelesna aktivnost kod učenice s Down sindromom – analiza slučaja
Authors: Alić Jelena , Kolega Dora
Published: April 2022

„Down sindrom najčešći je genetski poremećaj koji nastaje uslijed viška jednog kromosoma ili dijela kromosoma u jezgri svake stanice tijela.“ (V. Čulić i S. Čulić, 2009). Osobe s Down sindromom (DS) imaju nizak mišićni tonus što zajedno s reduciranom mišićnom snagom i izdržljivošću znatno otežava savladavanje biotičkih motoričkih znanja. Nadalje, takve osobe u ranoj dobi karakterizira hipermobilnost zglobova, što se posebno manifestira povećanim opsegom pokreta u zglobovima ramena, kukova i stopala. Također, za djecu s DS tipičan je i nedostatak mišićne snage, no on se kao i kod svih drugih osoba može razviti vježbanjem (Piteti, Baynard i Agiovlasitis, 2013). Upravo zato karakteristika i važnost tjelesne aktivnosti ključna je uloga u  razvoju i napretku djece s DS. Kakav će ishod rezultirati ponajviše ovisi o pažljivom i primjerenom odabiru kinezioloških operatora. Tjelesna aktivnost kod osoba s DS iznimno je važna i neizostavna za što kvalitetnije funkcioniranje sustava za kretanje. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj tjelesne aktivnosti na funkcionalan i psihomotorički razvoj djeteta s DS na osnovi analize slučaja djevojčice koja pohađa prvi razred OŠ prije pojave epidemioloških mjera donesenih sukladno s pandemijom COVID-19, gdje je dijete bilo uključeno u redovni program Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture u školi te pohađalo satove plesa i usporediti sa stanjem neposredno nakon pandemije. Naime, tijekom pandemije djetetu je bila smanjena tjelesna aktivnost, odnosno bila je manje tjelesno aktivno, nije pohađala redovnu nastavu koja obuhvaća i satove Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture, te nije pohađalo satove plesa. Rezultati istraživanja ukazali su kako postoje razlike između stanja prije pojave mjera pandemije COVID-19 i nakon mjera. Iako razlike nisu velike, ipak postoje, i očituju se u motoričkim sposobnostima fleksibilnosti, koordinacije i repetitivne snage u korist stanja koje je bilo prije pojave mjera. Može se zaključiti kako je učinak tjelesne aktivnosti izuzetno veliki na cjelokupan psihomotorički i socijalan razvoj djeteta s Down sindromom. Stoga ga ne smijemo zanemariti već ga poticati na satovima Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture i u izvanškolskim aktivnostima.
Decoding fear of negative evaluation from brain morphology: A machine‐learning study on structural neuroimaging data
Authors: Feng Chunliang , Krueger Frank , Gu Ruolei , Luo Wenbo
Published: April 2022

Background

Fear of negative evaluation (FNE), referring to negative expectation and feelings toward other people’s social evaluation, is closely associated with social anxiety that plays an important role in our social life. Exploring the neural markers of FNE may be of theoretical and practical significance to psychiatry research ( e.g., studies on social anxiety).

Methods

To search for potentially relevant biomarkers of FNE in human brain, the current study applied multivariate relevance vector regression, a machine‐learning and data‐driven approach, on brain morphological features ( e.g., cortical thickness) derived from structural imaging data; further, we used these features as indexes to predict self‐reported FNE score in each participant.

Results

Our results confirm the predictive power of multiple brain regions, including those engaged in negative emotional experience ( e.g., amygdala, insula), regulation and inhibition of emotional feeling ( e.g., frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus), and encoding and retrieval of emotional memory ( e.g., posterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus).

Conclusions

The current findings suggest that anxiety represents a complicated construct that engages multiple brain systems, from primitive subcortical mechanisms to sophisticated cortical processes.
Mental health of students of biomedical sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review
Authors: Shankar Pathiyil Ravi , Chan Min Hui , Wong Pei Se , Venkateswaran Sunil Pazhyanur
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The coronavirus pandemic led to the closure of schools and colleges in March 2020. Medical and other schools shifted to online teaching-learning and assessment. Several factors have led to mental health problems among biomedical students.

Objectives. This scoping review seeks to identify stressors, delineate subgroups of students who may be at greater risk of mental health problems, and examine possible recommendations by the respondents and the authors to reduce stress levels and support students.

Methods: Eligibility criteria: Studies published in English about the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the mental health of health science students till 15th January 2021 were included.

Sources of evidence. Research articles and other publications obtained using the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Charting methods: The criteria studied were the type of paper and study, the country, the institution, the mental health parameters studied, types and numbers of students/respondents involved, the main message, strengths and weaknesses and the main recommendation of the study.

Results. Thirty articles were included. Stressors were divided into health, workplace, academic, general, and financial apprehensions. Respondents at greater risk were females, below 20 years of age, and those with family/friends infected. Among the authors’ recommendations to reduce stress were implementing effective plans to safeguard students’ health, especially of those who were parents or interns, engaging in physical activities, workshops for faculty members in online teaching-learning, financial support, online counselling, reducing misinformation, further studies at later stages of the pandemic, and including topics related to the pandemic and pandemic preparedness in the curriculum.   

Conclusions. Different types of apprehensions were responsible for stress and mental distress. Females, younger students, students with family and friends who were infected were at greater risk of problems. Recommendations were provided by the authors. Studies from countries which were not represented, and longitudinal studies may be required.
Exponential synchronization for second-order switched quaternion-valued neural networks with neutral-type and mixed time-varying delays
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Jian Jigui
Published: April 2022

This article focuses on the global exponential synchronization (GES) for second-order state-dependent switched quaternion-valued neural networks (SOSDSQVNNs) with neutral-type and mixed delays. By proposing some new Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals (LKFs) and adopting some inequalities, several new criteria in the shape of algebraic inequalities are proposed to ensure the GES for the concerned system by using hybrid switched controllers (HSCs). Different from the common reducing order and separation ways, this article presents some new LKFs to straightway discuss the GES of the concerned system based on non-reduction order and nonseparation strategies. Ultimately, an example is provided to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical outcomes.
ФЕРОЦЕНОВМІСНИЙ АКТИВНИЙ ПЛАСТИФІКАТОР НА ОСНОВІ ПРОДУКТІВ ГЛІЦЕРОЛІЗУ КАСТОРОВОЇ ОЛІЇ
Authors: Нестерова Олена Ю. , Огнева Таїсія В. , Тимошенко Кирило І.
Published: April 2022

Синтез фероценовмісного активного пластифікатора проводили шляхом ацилювання продуктів гліцеролізу касторової олії під дією хлорангідриду фероценкарбонової кислоти, яку попередньо перекристаллізували із суміші бензол:петролейний етер. За даними ДСК і ТГ знайдено, що фероценкарбонова кислота, виділена з водного середовища являє собою кристалогідрат FcCOOH⸱3H2O і утворює хлорангідрид з низьким виходом. Визначено фізико-хімічні характеристики фероценовмісного активного пластифікатора. За допомогою методу ДСК показано, що додавання його у кількості 7% до каучуку СКН-10 КТР викликає зниження температури  початку скловання.
ЕКСТРАКЦІЯ ТА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПЕКТИНІВ З КІРОК ДИНІ: ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНИЙ ОГЛЯД
Authors: Б. Медведков Євген , Є. Єренова Бібіпатима , Г. Проніна Юлія , Д. Пенов Микола , Д. Білозерцева Ольга , В. Кондратюк Наталія
Published: April 2022

Дослідження присвячене процесу вилучення пектину з кірок динь кислотним методом. Вивчено хімічний склад кірки динь сортів «Мирзачульська», «Гулябі», «Інжирна», «Гурбек» та «Амері», безпосередньо вміст пектину у зразках. В якості екстрагенту пектинових речовин була використана хлоридна кислота. З метою зниження кількості поставлених експериментів та оптимізації дослідження було використано регресійний аналіз експериментальних даних. Для дослідження впливу деяких технологічних факторів на вилучення пектину із зразків було поставлено експерименти за планом ПФЕ 23. Кожен експеримент було відтворено тричі. Встановлено фактори, що впливають на вихід пектину. Визнчено, що найбільший вміст пектину був у зразках сорту «Мирзачульська» – 10.9 %. Відзначено високу точність математичної моделі, що описує процес, що вивчається (коефіцієнт детермінації – 0.98). Доведено динаміку ступеня вилучення пектину зі збільшенням концентрацій кислоти в діапазоні 0.5...1.25 %, температури (60...90 ˚С) та зменшення розмірів частинок сировини, що піддаються гідролізу. Встановлено тривалість процесу екстракції, за якої досягається максимальний ступінь вилучення пектину (95–98 %): вона становить 40...60 хв. Рекомендовано наступні параметри екстракції: концентрація кислоти – 1.25 %, температура – ​​90 ˚С. Дослідження присвячене процесу вилучення пектину з кірок динь кислотним методом. Вивчено хімічний склад кірки динь сортів «Мирзачульська», «Гулябі», «Інжирна», «Гурбек» та «Амері», безпосередньо вміст пектину у зразках. В якості екстрагенту пектинових речовин була використана хлоридна кислота. З метою зниження кількості поставлених експериментів та оптимізації дослідження було використано регресійний аналіз експериментальних даних. Для дослідження впливу деяких технологічних факторів на вилучення пектину із зразків було поставлено експерименти за планом ПФЕ 23. Кожен експеримент було відтворено тричі. Встановлено фактори, що впливають на вихід пектину. Визнчено, що найбільший вміст пектину був у зразках сорту «Мирзачульська» – 10.9 %. Відзначено високу точність математичної моделі, що описує процес, що вивчається (коефіцієнт детермінації – 0.98). Доведено динаміку ступеня вилучення пектину зі збільшенням концентрацій кислоти в діапазоні 0.5...1.25 %, температури (60...90 ˚С) та зменшення розмірів частинок сировини, що піддаються гідролізу. Встановлено тривалість процесу екстракції, за якої досягається максимальний ступінь вилучення пектину (95–98 %): вона становить 40...60 хв. Рекомендовано наступні параметри екстракції: концентрація кислоти – 1.25 %, температура – ​​90 ˚С.
A constituição do corpo pela alteridade bakhtiniana
Authors: Rufo Alline Duarte
Published: April 2022

Com base teórico-metodológica pautada nos estudos desenvolvidos pelo filósofo da linguagem russo Mikhail Bakhtin principalmente nos conceitos de alteridade, corpo e realismo grotesco, o presente artigo se propõe a compreender como determinados corpos são valorados como negativos dentro da obra póstuma O Silmarillion de J. R. R. Tolkien, focando em um recorte das características corpóreas de anões e orcs em cotejo com a realidade a partir de dados sobre a violência sofrida por mulheres negras brasileiras e a valoração do seus corpos. Observando, assim, como os sujeitos se constituem na relação eu-outro em um processo de valoração, exclusão e extermínios daqueles que são considerados como diferentes. Ademais, esse corpo também é resistência e transcendência.
Valoração e responsividade
Authors: Rosa Douglas Corrêa da , Vaz Alex Meneghete
Published: April 2022

Este artigo tematiza o fenômeno da valoração e da responsividade motivadas por enunciados polêmicos no contexto político de 2017, sob a ótica da Análise Dialógica do Discurso - ADD. O objetivo geral foi analisar as relações dialógicas e valorativas de discursos polêmicos em torno de uma palestra publicada na plataforma on-line YouTube e dos comentários a ela proferidos. A investigação se justifica, uma vez que se torna importante refletir sobre a responsividade resultante de discursos que permeiam a seara nacional no cenário político brasileiro. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa-interpretativa, recorrendo-se à análise de frames da palestra e de comentários/posts produzidos por internautas, avaliando-se as valorações e as responsividades produzidas. Após a análise, constatou-se que a valoração nos enunciados proferidos motiva a responsividade identificada na contrapalavra dos interactantes. A contribuição alcançada advém da reflexão acerca do processo de interação dialógica de diferentes sujeitos sociais.
O encontro de subjetividades no enunciado
Authors: Moll Eduardo da Silva , Di Fanti Maria da Glória Corrêa
Published: April 2022

Os escritos bakhtinianos, em sua perspectiva filosófica, tem como pressuposto a alteridade na constituição do enunciado concreto, do sujeito e do sentido em seus embates dialógicos. Se o enfoque ao ato ético, responsivo e responsável permite-nos salientar o encontro entre sujeitos como condição da unidade de sentido do ato, então o enunciado concreto prevê o encontro entre subjetividades que, na produção de sentidos, objetivam-se responsivamente numa dada materialidade discursiva. Partindo desse cenário, este artigo tem como objetivo apontar relações entre alteridade e linguagem nos escritos do Círculo de Bakhtin, ressaltando o encontro com o outro na (inter)constituição de subjetividades e de sentidos. Na resposta a esse objetivo, realizamos, em diálogo com pesquisadores bakhtinianos, uma pesquisa bibliográfica ancorada nas obras do Círculo, organizada em três momentos. Primeiramente, enfocamos a alteridade nos escritos bakhtinianos primeiros, visando delinear uma dinâmica de construção da subjetividade a partir do encontro dialógico com o outro. Depois, debatemos a incidência dessas reflexões nas conceituações de ideologia, de consciência, de heterodiscurso e de estilística do enunciado, no intento de compreender a emergência do encontro entre sujeitos na materialização de sentidos. Por fim, articulamos uma possível tessitura teórica para o estudo da (trans)formação subjetiva no e pelo encontro de sujeitos e palavras, abrindo, ao final do artigo, para perguntas outras que possam inspirar a investigação da estilística do encontro com o outro em enunciados concretos.
Role of lung ultrasound in diagnosing and differentiating transient tachypnea of the newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates
Authors: S Srinivasan , Aggarwal Neeti , Makhaik Sushma , Jhobta Anupam , Kapila Sumala , Bhoil Rohit
Published: April 2022

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of lung ultrasound in diagnosing and differentiating transient tachypnea of the newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates. Material and methods: This was a single-center study. From January 2020 to June 2021. A total of 100 preterm neonates, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with symptoms of respiratory distress within six hours of birth, including 50 diagnosed with transient tachypnea of the newborn and 50 with respiratory distress syndrome on the basis of clinical examination, laboratory testing, chest X-rays, were recruited in the study. Lung ultrasound was performed in each neonate by a senior radiologist who was blinded to the clinical diagnosis. Lung ultrasound findings in both conditions were analyzed and compared. Results: Pulmonary edema manifesting as alveolar-interstitial syndrome, double lung point sign and less commonly as white out lungs in the absence of consolidation has 100% sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing transient tachypnea of the newborn. A combination of three signs of consolidation with air or fluid bronchograms, white out lungs and absent spared areas has 100% sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing respiratory distress syndrome. Double lung point sign was seen only in infants suffering from transient tachypnea of the newborn and consolidation with air or fluid bronchograms only in cases of respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: Lung ultrasound can accurately diagnose and reliably differentiate transient tachypnea of the newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates. It has advantages that cannot be replicated by chest radiography. Lung ultrasound may be used as an initial screening tool.
The impact of ultrasound-guided recruitment maneuvers on the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing general anesthesia
Authors:   Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Mazovia Regional Hospital in Siedlce, Poland, Cylwik Jolanta , Buda Natalia ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Connective Tissue Diseases and Geriatrics, Medical  University of Gdansk, Poland
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Postoperative pulmonary complications are among the most frequent problems in perioperative care. The risk of their development depends not only on the parameters associated with the patient’s initial clinical condition, but also on the employed anesthesia technique, the method of mechanical ventilation, and the type and technique of the surgical procedure. Atelectasis is the most common complication, affecting nearly 90% of the patients undergoing general anesthesia. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether it was possible to positively impact the postoperative period and reduce the frequency of postoperative pulmonary complications via patient-based intraoperative ultrasound-guided recruitment maneuvers. Methodology: The course of the postoperative period was analyzed in two groups of patients. One of them comprised 100 patients in whom no recruitment maneuvers were performed during general anesthesia. The other group (100 patients) consisted of patients in whom patientbased ultrasound-guided pulmonary recruitment maneuvers were performed. Results: In the recruitment group, the postoperative hospitalization was statistically significantly shorter (p = 0.003) and the risk of intensive care treatment significantly lower. Additionally, the need for prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation was reduced, as was the risk of respiratory tract infections. Conclusions: Intraoperative ultrasound-guided recruitment maneuvers reduce the frequency of postoperative pulmonary complications.
The role of ABUS in the diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors:   Department of Electroradiology,
            Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland, Łuczyńska Elżbieta , Pawlak Marta ,   Diagnostic Imaging Unit,
            University Hospital in Cracow, Cracow, Poland, Popiela Tadeusz ,   Chair of Radiology,
            Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland, Rudnicki Wojciech ,   Department of
            Electroradiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
Published: April 2022

Breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women, is a major problem both
in Poland and worldwide. Mammography remains the primary screening method. However, the
sensitivity of mammographic screening is lower in women with dense glandular breasts due
to tissue overlap and the effect of the glandular tissue obscuring the tumor and the
fact that tumors and glandular tissue show similar X-ray absorption. Consequently, other
methods are being sought to increase breast cancer detection rates. Currently, the most
common and used methods are ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and advanced
mammographic methods (digital breast tomosynthesis and contrast-enhanced spectral
mammography). Despite many advantages and superiority over mammography in dense breasts,
they also have many disadvantages. Ultrasound is operator-dependent and the other
techniques are expensive or not widely available. The Automated Breast Ultrasound
Service (ABUS) technique appears to be a good option in terms of both effectiveness and
lower cost.
Spatial birth-and-death processes with a finite number of particles
Authors: Bezborodov Viktor , Di Persio Luca
Published: April 2022

The aim of this work is to establish essential properties of spatial birth-and-death processes with general birth and death rates on ${\mathbb{R}^{\mathrm{d}}}$. Spatial birth-and-death processes with time dependent rates are obtained as solutions to certain stochastic equations. The existence, uniqueness, uniqueness in law and the strong Markov property of unique solutions are proven when the integral of the birth rate over ${\mathbb{R}^{\mathrm{d}}}$ grows not faster than linearly with the number of particles of the system. Martingale properties of the constructed process provide a rigorous connection to the heuristic generator.
The pathwise behavior of an aggregation model is also studied. The probability of extinction and the growth rate of the number of particles under condition of nonextinction are estimated.
Ministry of the Mushroom
Authors: Lutkajtis Anna
Published: April 2022

Recently there has been a surge of renewed interest in the psychedelic compound psilocybin. In particular, psilocybin is being studied in clinical settings as a potential breakthrough treatment for depression. Alongside this growing therapeutic interest, there has been a rise in the religious use of psilocybin, as evidenced by the creation of a number of psilocybin mushroom churches in the United States. While the dominant popular discourse surrounding psilocybin is currently clinical, psilocybin churches offer an alternative form of meaning making regarding the psychedelic experience. Specifically, this article argues that psilocybin churches enable their followers to participate in a dynamic social process of “sacred sensemaking,” whereby psilocybin mushrooms are considered to be a sacrament, church members follow a ritual-based psychopharmacological practice, and the psychedelic experience is interpreted in terms of a direct encounter with the divine. Different psilocybin churches have unique approaches, ritual practices and cosmologies, nonetheless this article suggests that they may be united by this common process of sacred sensemaking.
Night Side of Nature
Authors: Grieve-Carlson Timothy
Published: April 2022

The rise of the category of the paranormal in scholarship during the last decade calls for a historical genealogy of the term, if scholars are to continue to use it as both an analytic frame and an object of study. Such a genealogy shows that the paranormal derives from early modern and Renaissance environmental and cosmotheist beliefs and philosophies. Modern discourses of the paranormal are deeply coded forms of Renaissance cosmotheism and organicism, a coding accomplished through major intellectual stances on the category of ‘nature’ by lgures like Franz Mesmer, Friedrich W.J. Schelling, and Frederic W.H. Myers. The modern paranormal is an organic and ecological intellectual category of uncanny interrelation between subject and environment, and tracing its historical development demonstrates how organic environmental philosophies were shaped during and after the Enlightenment.
Does revision process differ across language of writing (L1 vs. FL), FL language proficiency and gender?
Authors: Al-Saadi Zulaikha Talib , Galbraith David
Published: April 2022

Drawing upon cognitive writing process theory and research, this study investigates the influence of language of writing, foreign language (FL) proficiency and gender on the revision processes of 77 undergraduate students studying at an English-medium college in Oman. Their first language (L1) was Arabic and their FL was English. The participants produced two argumentative authentic texts, one in L1 and one in FL. Their proficiency in English was assessed using the Oxford Placement Test (OPT). Participants’ revisions were recorded and analysed, according to the measures amount, location and type, via keystroke logging. The results showed that the vast majority of revisions in both languages were immediate, i.e. at the point of inscription, and focused on language rather than content. In addition, there was consistent evidence that participants made more revisions in the FL than they did in L1. For ‘total amount of revision’ and ‘immediate revisions’, there was a consistent interaction between gender and FL proficiency. The pattern of the interaction indicated two conflicting tendencies: (a) female participants appeared in general to be more motivated to make revisions in both languages than males, and (b) the less proficient they were in FL the more revisions they made. By contrast, the number of revisions made by the male participants did not depend on their FL proficiency. For ‘distant’, i.e. already written text, and ‘end’, i.e. after producing the first draft, revisions the amount of revision depended solely on the language of writing and gender. Furthermore, the results revealed that when writing in the FL, students with greater FL proficiency attended to content revision more than language revision. Findings are discussed in light of process-oriented writing research and implications for writing research and teaching are suggested.
LA CONSOLIDACION DEL APRENDIZAJE SOCIOEMOCIONAL EN LA EDUCACION PRIMARIA
Authors: Peña García Sibele Nadalya
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo tiene el propósito de mostrar la importancia del aprendizaje socioemocional dentro de la educación básica, específicamente en la primaria, por medio de un tipo de estudio mixto, que consiste en realizar observaciones cuantitativas y cualitativas de cada variable realizando un análisis estadístico para demostrar su relevancia en la educación integral del alumno.

Las variables seleccionadas se insertan en una serie de preguntas en la encuesta diseñada con la aplicación de formularios en Google, con una muestra de 399 alumnos de educación primaria alta, atendiendo cada una de las dimensiones y habilidades que corresponden al aprendizaje socioemocional, según lo establecido en la Nueva Escuela Mexicana (Secretaría de Educación Pública, SEP, 2017).

El enfoque pedagógico plasmado en el Programa de Aprendizajes Clave (SEP, 2017) radica en los planos de interacción de la persona: en aprender a ser, el aprender a hacer (en lo individual); el aprender a convivir (en lo social) y el aprender a aprender (en lo trascendental). Cada uno de estos planos desarrolla las dimensiones que aborda el aprendizaje socioemocional: el autoconocimiento, la autorregulación, la empatía, la colaboración y la autonomía. Tiene como fin desarrollar competencias esenciales para afrontar retos orientados al desenvolvimiento y a la consolidación del desarrollo integral de la personalidad.

Dentro de los resultados prevalece la respiración como técnica fundamental para aprender a controlar y dominar las emociones, y el punto de partida para desarrollar cada una de las habilidades socioemocionales es el autoconocimiento, con especial énfasis en la atención y con el propósito formar personas equilibradas, capaces de regular y entender sus emociones. Se destaca también el poder del liderazgo, el bienestar personal, desarrollo constante de la empatía y la comunicación asertiva durante el aprendizaje en la escuela.
Perturbation Analysis of Magneto hydrodynamic Flow of Third Grade Fluid in an Inclined Cylindrical Pipe
Authors: Obi B.I.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, analysis of magnetohydrodynamic third grade fluid in an inclined cylindrical pipe was considered. The flow was assumed to be induced by the axial pressure gradient. The resulting governing equations of flow were solved using the regular perturbation method. Results show
that the Brinkmann and the Eckert numbers have the tendency to slow the movement of the fluid in the centre line of the cylinder, as a result, the velocity increases near the wall associated with the constant flow rate at each section of the cylinder. Results further show that increase in
the Grashhof parameter slightly reduced the temperature of the system, with the profiles converging to zero, satisfying the boundary condition and the walls of the cylinder isothermally stable.
Comparative Effects of Using Puzzles and Probability Kits on Students' Achievement and Interest on Probability in Yenagoa, Nigeria
Authors: Bennet Ado Isaac , Tekenate Charles-Owaba
Published: April 2022

This study compared the effect of Using Puzzles and Probability Kits on Students' Achievement on Probability in Nigeria. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted for the study. The population consisted of all senior secondary school two (SS2) students with a total number of
25,672 students. The sample consisted of 109 students, from two schools in Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. A group of students were taught probability using crossword puzzle games while the other group was taught probability using probability kit. The instruments used for data
collection were Probability Interest Scale (PIS) and Probability Achievement Test (PAT) with reliability coefficient of 0.87 and 0.76 respectively. The scores obtained were analysed using mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at .05 level of significance. The results
revealed that the mean interest and achievement scores of students taught probability using crossword puzzle is higher than that of those taught using probability kits. However, there was no significant mean difference in the interest and achievement of students taught probability using crossword
puzzle games and those taught probability using probability kit. Based on the findings of the study, therefore, it was recommended that teachers should use both crossword puzzle games and probability kits in teaching probability in order to enhance interest and achievement of students.
A Fixed Point Theorem Satisfying Integral Type Contraction in Revised Fuzzy Metric Space
Authors: Murali Raj A. , Thangathamizh R.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we analyze the existence of fixed points for mappings defined on a complete revised fuzzy metric space satisfying a contractive condition of integral type.
An Investigation Into the Effects of Some Demographic Parameters on Economic and Population Growths in Nigeria
Authors: Onwuka G. I. , Wasiu Babayemi , Kaoje
Published: April 2022

The work aimed at investigating the effects of some demographic parameters on economic and population growths in Nigeria. As studied in the existing literatures, there are some rebellious voices and argument that population and demographic change may not be the central to the state
of development for developing economy in a country like Nigeria. Therefore, we subjected this contradicting long lasting argument using other parameters like level of corruptions, poor governance and Labour force. We applied Granger Casuality, Ardl Approach to Cointegration, Model Specification
and ARDL Tests using the available data in other to dismantle this problem. The finding showed that the ARDL bound which revealed there exist long-run relationship between the GDP, BR and DR. and this implies that GDP can be predicted from BR and DR in the long run. The result from Estimated
Parameters yield that economic growth is positively affected by birth rate and negatively affected by death rate. Model 3 tested the effects of changes in annual GDP, labour force, annual health expenditure and corruption level on annual changes in population. The related results showed that
the factors mention significantly affected the economic growth in Nigeria. However Model 2 is an argumentation of model 1 after inclusion of additional variables to see how the model will perform after adding of other relevant variables, such as annual net migration (difference between immigration
and emigration), annual health expenditure in Nigeria, total labour force and corruption level. The results revealed that level of corruption and poor governance has negatively impacted on the economic growth in Nigeria.