bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Amphibulimidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea) from Colombia and adjacent areas
Authors: BORRERO FRANCISCO J. , BREURE ABRAHAM S.H.
Published: March 2019

The land snails of the family Amphibulimidae occurring within northwestern South America are critically examined and notes on their distribution are given. The total number of taxa discussed is 61 (7 Dryptus, 54 Plekocheilus); of these, four Colombian Dryptus and 32 Plekocheilus species are included. The following new species are described: Plekocheilus (P.) bigener, P. (P.) incognitus, Plekocheilus (Eurytus) camaritagua, P. (E.) labiosus, and P. (E.) paraguas. The following nominal taxa are now synonymized: Plekocheilus (P.) speciosus (Pfeiffer, 1854) = P. (P.) plectostylus (Pfeiffer, 1848); Plekocheilus (Eurytus) couturesi Ancey, 1900 = P. (P.) glandiformis (Lea, 1838); Plekocheilus (Aeropictus) latilabris (Pfeiffer, 1855) = P. (A.) succineoides (Petit de la Saussaye, 1840); Plekocheilus (Eurytus) virgatus (Pilsbry, 1935) = P. (E.) mabillei (Crosse, 1867) = P. (E.) pulicarius (Reeve, 1848). Also, Simpulopsis fulguratus Miller, 1878 is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Simpulopsis (Eudioptus) citrinovitrea (Moricand, 1836). For the following species, precise localities are given for the first time: Dryptus stuebeli (Martens, 1885), Plekocheilus (Aeropictus) cathcartiae (Reeve, 1848), P. (E.) cardinalis (Pfeiffer, 1853), P. (Eurytus) episcopalis auriformis (Da Costa, 1904), P. (E.) episcopalis corticosus (Sowerby, 1895), and P. (E.) lynciculus (Deville & Huppé, 1850). Newly recorded for the Colombian malacofauna are the following taxa: Plekocheilus (P.) couturesi (Ancey, 1900), P. (Eurytus) piperitus (Sowerby I, 1837). The following taxa are excluded from the Colombian fauna: Dryptus funckii (Nyst, 1843), Plekocheilus (Aeropictus) veranyi (Pfeiffer, 1848), Plekocheilus (Eurytus) jimenezi (Hidalgo, 1872).
A new Oriental genus of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from China and Thailand
Authors: DAI WU , ZHANG YALIN
Published: March 2019

A new deltocephaline leafhopper genus Hamulotettix is described and illustrated based on a large, distinctly patterned species, Hamulotettix ungulatus sp. nov., from China and Thailand, and is tentatively placed in the tribe Athysanini. Detailed morphological description and illustrations are provided. The genus is similar to Abrus Dai & Zhang in external body form, and also bears a superficial resemblance to Oxycephalotettix Zahniser, in having segment X of the male abdomen with a falcate ventral process.
A new genus for Libinia rostrata Bell, 1835, with comments on the validity of Libinia bellicosa Oliveira, 1944 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Majoidea, Epialtidae)
Authors: TAVARES MARCOS , SANTANA WILLIAM
Published: March 2019

Stratiolibinia gen. nov., is established for Libinia rostrata Bell, 1835, its type species, and Libinia bellicosa Oliveira, 1944. The thoracic sternum, male first gonopods, abdomen, and pereiopods are distinctive, and easily distinguish the genus from Libinia Leach, 1815 sensu stricto.
Two new species of Cloeodes Traver (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: MASSARIOL FABIANA CRISTE , SALLES FREDERICO FALCÃO
Published: March 2019

In the present work, two new species of Cloeodes Traver are described based on nymphs and adults collected in the State of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. The main characteristics that distinguish the new species from its congeners are, in C. itajara sp. nov.: a) labrum with dorsal arc of setae composed of 12 setae, b) segment III of labial palp with robust and pectinate setae on inner margin, c) fore femur with apex projected, with 5−6 blunt setae, d) male imago with abdominal terga V−VII with a anterolateral triangular black mark; in C. aymore sp. nov.: a) labrum with dorsal arc of setae composed of 1 + 0 + 3 setae, b) fore femur with apex projected, with 2 blunt setae, c) male imago with abdominal terga IV with kidney-like median brown mark.
Redescription of Pararhaphe and review of Arhaphe (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Largidae) of America north of Mexico
Authors: STEHLÍK JAROSLAV L. , KMENT PETR
Published: March 2019

The genus Pararhaphe Henry, 1988 (= Japetus Distant, 1883) (Largidae: Arhaphinae) is redescribed based on the type species Pararhaphe sphaeroides (Distant, 1883), considered monotypic, and its generic status is confirmed. The genus Jarhaphetus Bliven, 1956, syn. restit., is confirmed as junior synonym of Arhaphe Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850. Four species of the genus Arhaphe occurring in the United States are recognised and keyed: Arhaphe arguta (Bliven, 1956) comb. res- tit. (= Jarhaphetus argutus Bliven, 1956; = Arhaphe snowi Bliven, 1973, syn. nov.); Arhaphe breviata Barber, 1924; Arhaphe carolina Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850; and Arhaphe mimetica Barber, 1911, comb. restit. (from Pararhaphe mimetica (Barber, 1911)). Arhaphe cicindeloides Walker, 1873 (= Arhaphe divisa Brailovsky, 1981, syn. nov.) is redescribed based on type specimens; all the previous records of A. cicindeloides from the United States are regarded as misidentifications of A. arguta. Lectotypes of A. cicindeloides and A. mimetica are designated. The literature, bionomics, and distribution of all the mentioned taxa is reviewed.
A new low altitude species of Megophrys Kuhl and van Hasselt (Amphibia: Megophryidae), from Assam, Northeast India
Authors: MAHONY STEPHEN , SENGUPTA SAIBAL , KAMEI RACHUNLIU G. , BIJU S. D.
Published: March 2019

Northeast Indian amphibian systematics and taxonomy is receiving increasing interest from herpetologists in recent years as remote, previously unexplored areas become more accessible for surveying. Even locations nearby cosmopolitan cities have the potential to produce taxonomic novelties. Herein we describe a new species of Megophrys from the foot-hills of the East Khasi Hills, northern Meghalaya, and adjacent forest in Garbhanga Reserve Forest, and Mayeng Hill Reserve Forest nearby the city of Guwahati, southern Assam. Megophrys megacephala sp. nov. is here compared with all Asian mainland congeners. This species altitudinal distribution is the lowest of all known Megophrys described from India and surrounding countries. A brief discussion is provided regarding some of the current difficulties faced by taxonomists working on the genus and several major problems in recent descriptions of congeners from Northeast India.
Description and biological observations on a new species of deepwater symphurine tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae: Symphurus) collected at Volcano–19, Tonga Arc, West Pacific Ocean
Authors: MUNROE THOMAS A. , TYLER JENNIFER , TUNNICLIFFE VERENA
Published: March 2019

Symphurus maculopinnis n. sp., described on a single specimen (USNM 398820; 84.4 mm SL), was collected by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) exploring a hydrothermal vent area located at 561 m on Volcano–19, Tonga Arc, West Pacific (24°48.439' S, 177°0.009' W). This new species is distinctive and readily diagnosed from congeners by the following combination of characters: 1–2–2–2–1 pattern of interdigitation of dorsal proximal pterygiophores and neural spines (ID pattern), 14 caudal-fin rays, 3+6 abdominal vertebrae, 49 total vertebrae, 89 scales in a longitudinal row, 92 dorsal-fin rays, 77 anal-fin rays, blunt squarish snout, thick blind-side lips with conspicuous plicae, and conspicuous ocellated (sometimes partially) spots on posterior dorsal and anal fins. Among Symphurus, only S. ocellatus von Bonde, collected at deepwater locations off East Africa, features a similar ID pattern, 14 caudal-fin rays and spots on the posterior dorsal and anal fins. Symphurus maculopinnis differs distinctly from S. ocellatus in its lower and non-overlapping meristic features (49 vs. 54–56 total vertebrae; 92 vs. 97–103 dorsal-fin rays; and 77 vs. 85–89 anal-fin rays), its squarish (vs. pointed) snout, and thick, plicated blind-side lower lip (vs. thin, non-plicated blind-side lower lip). Additional specimens (N= 56) of S. maculopinnis observed and filmed in situ near active venting sites located between ca. 433-561 m on Volcano–19 provide the basis for behavioral and ecological information recorded for the species. Videotapes reveal one individual of S. maculopinnis featuring reversed (dextral) asymmetry from that typical (sinistral) for members of the Cynoglossidae. Specimens with reversed asymmetry are relatively rare in this family and this S. maculopinnis represents only the second known reversed individual among the approximately 42 species of deep-sea (>200 m) Symphurus.
Coris sandageri, an unjustified emendation of Coris sandeyeri (Hector 1884) (Pisces, Labridae)
Authors: RUSSELL BARRY C.
Published: March 2019

Confusion has surrounded the correct spelling of the species name of the labrid fish Cymolutes (=Coris) sandeyeri Hector 1884. In his original description, Hector (1884a) stated the specimen from Tiritiri Island was “collected by Mr. S. Sandeyer”, a misspelling of the surname of F.S. (Andreas Fremming Stewart) Sandager, who was then Assistant Lighthouse Keeper at Tiritiri Matangi Island, Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand, from June 1881 to May 1883 (Phillips 2011), and after whom the species was named.
Taxonomic revision of the genus Eulimella (Gastropoda, Pyramidellidae) from Brazil, with description of three new species
Authors: PIMENTA ALEXANDRE DIAS , SANTOS FRANKLIN NOEL DOS , ABSALÃO RICARDO SILVA
Published: March 2019

A taxonomic revision of the pyramidellid genus Eulimella from Brazil was performed based on shell morphology. The holotype of Eulimella rudis Watson, 1886 is illustrated and compared to shells from the southeast Brazilian coast, this being the first confirmed record of this species after its original description. Eulimella smithii (Verrill, 1880), previously known from northern localities in the western Atlantic, is recorded from the southwestern Atlantic, along virtually the entire Brazilian coast; it is herein considered a distinct taxon from Eulimella unifasciata (Forbes, 1844), a very similar species from the eastern Atlantic, given the lack of data on development to consider an amphi-Atlantic distribution. Three new species are described: Eulimella torquata sp. nov., diagnosed by a constriction in the middle of each teleoconch whorl caused by a strong spiral furrow, producing a bilobed whorl profile; Eulimella cylindrata sp. nov., diagnosed by a large subcylindrical teleoconch; and Eulimella ejuncida sp. nov., characterized by its very slender shell, and small protoconch with only one whorl and with an “arc” shaped suture. The shells herein identified as Eulimella cf. calva from Brazil are conchologically identical to Eulimella calva Schander, 1994, from West Africa, but their taxonomic status should remain dubious because of lack of biological information to evaluate a possible amphi-Atlantic distribution pattern. All the species studied (except Eulimella ejuncida sp. nov.) have characteristic short microscopic axial threads organized in a spiral belt, varying in position and expression among species, but usually located in the middle of each teleoconch whorl or below the suture; this characteristic is also present in some species from the eastern Atlantic. Three South American species, originally or subsequently allocated in Eulimella, are herein considered as not belonging to this genus: Eulimella argentina Doello-Jurado, 1938; Eulimella bahiensis Castellanos, 1982; and Eulimella xenohyes (Melvill & Standen, 1912). The holotype of Eulimella lissa is illustrated with SEM micrographs.
Two new species of Opeatocerata Melander (Diptera, Empididae, Empidinae) from the Brazilian Amazon Basin
Authors: CÂMARA J. T. , RAFAEL J. A.
Published: March 2019

Two new species of the Neotropical genus of Empidinae, Opeatocerata: O. trilobata sp. nov. and O. melanderi sp. nov., are described and illustrated from Manaus. This is the first record of the genus from Brazilian Amazonia.
Global Climate Simulated by the Seoul National University Atmosphere Model Version 0 with a Unified Convection Scheme (SAM0-UNICON)
Authors: Park Sungsu , Shin Jihoon , Kim Siyun , Oh Eunsil , Kim Yoonjae
Published: March 2019

As a contribution to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), the global climate simulated by an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM), the Seoul National University Atmosphere Model version 0 with a Unified Convection Scheme (SAM0-UNICON), is compared with observation and climates simulated by the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) and Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1), on which SAM0-UNICON is based. Both SAM0-UNICON and CESM1 successfully reproduce observed global warming after 1970. The global mean climate simulated by SAM0-UNICON is roughly similar to that of CAM5/CESM1. However, SAM0-UNICON improves the simulations of the double intertropical convergence zone, shortwave cloud forcing, near-surface air temperature, aerosol optical depth, sea ice fraction, and sea surface temperature (SST), but is slightly poorer for the simulation of tropical relative humidity, Pacific surface wind stress, and ocean rainfall. Two important biases in the simulated mean climate in both models are a set of horseshoe-shaped biases of SST, sea level pressure, precipitation, and cloud radiative forcings in the central equatorial Pacific and a higher sea ice fraction in the Arctic periphery and Southern Hemispheric circumpolar regions. Both SAM0-UNICON and CESM1 simulate the observed El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) reasonably well. However, compared with CAM5/CESM1, SAM0-UNICON performs better in simulating the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), diurnal cycle of precipitation, and tropical cyclones. The aerosol indirect effect (AIE) simulated by SAM0-UNICON is similar to that from CAM5 but the magnitudes of the individual shortwave and longwave AIEs are substantially reduced.
The Atmospheric Pathway of the Cloud-Radiative Impact on the Circulation Response to Global Warming: Important and Uncertain
Authors: Voigt Aiko , Albern Nicole , Papavasileiou Georgios
Published: March 2019

Previous work showed that the poleward expansion of the annual-mean zonal-mean atmospheric circulation in response to global warming is strongly modulated by changes in clouds and their radiative heating of the surface and atmosphere. Here, a hierarchy and an ensemble of global climate models are used to study the circulation impact of changes in atmospheric cloud-radiative heating in the absence of changes in sea surface temperature (SST), which is referred to as the atmospheric pathway of the cloud-radiative impact. For the MPI-ESM model, the atmospheric pathway is responsible for about half of the total cloud-radiative impact, and in fact half of the total circulation response. Changes in atmospheric cloud-radiative heating are substantial in both the lower and upper troposphere. However, because SST is prescribed the atmospheric pathway is dominated by changes in upper-tropospheric cloud-radiative heating, which in large part results from the upward shift of high-level clouds. The poleward circulation expansion via the atmospheric pathway and changes in upper-tropospheric cloud-radiative heating are qualitatively robust across three global models, yet their magnitudes vary by a factor of 3. A substantial part of these magnitude differences are related to the upper-tropospheric radiative heating by high-level clouds in the present-day climate. A comparison with observations highlights the model deficits in representing the radiative heating by high-level clouds and indicates that reducing these deficits can contribute to improved predictions of regional climate change.
La “vera giustizia” di Natalia Ginzburg
Authors: Gaetani Marco
Published: March 2019

Il saggio Serena Cruz o la vera giustizia (1990) di Natalia Ginzburg rappresenta per molti aspetti un lascito morale e un testamento intellettuale dell’autrice. Intervenendo nel vivo di un caso di cronaca giudiziaria che divise l’opinione pubblica nazionale, Ginzburg vi porta la propria inconfondibile “voce” saggistica. Il caso giuridico diviene lacerante dilemma etico, l’occasione per definire pubblicamente e “dal basso” un proprio concetto di giustizia.

L’intervento ripercorre da vicino il saggio di Ginzburg, rilevando in esso (anche attraverso il costante riferimento all’intera produzione saggistica della scrittrice e un’adeguata contestualizzazione storica) i nodi di una riflessione civile che esorbita dalla contingenza e s’interroga sulla natura e la funzione della legge, sul ruolo della magistratura e delle altre istituzioni statuali nella vita e nelle scelte degli individui, sul senso di valori non negoziabili.

La controversa adozione di una bambina offre inoltre all’autrice l’occasione per toccare alcuni temi cari alla propria narrativa (l’infanzia, la famiglia) e per richiamare, implicitamente, la sua stessa poetica, mostrandocela come strettamente connessa alla propria intima concezione del mondo.
“What’s on the Test?”: The Impact of Giving Students a Concept-List Study Guide
Authors: Cushen Patrick J. , Hackathorn Jana , Vázquez Brown Maria D. , Rife Sean C. , Joyce Amanda W. , Smith Eric D. , Bordieri Michael J. , Anderson Paul W. , Karlsson Marie E. , Daniels Jordan
Published: March 2019

Students frequently request concept-list study guides prior to exams, but the benefits of instructors providing such resources are unclear. Research on memory and comprehension has suggested that some challenges in learning are associated with benefits to performance. In the context of an introductory psychology course, a study was conducted to investigate the impact of providing a concept-list study guide on exam performance, as opposed to having students create a study guide. Additionally, student preferences for various types of study guides were examined. Results indicated that although students greatly prefer that the instructors provide a study guide (as opposed to making their own), providing a concept-list study guide resulted in poorer exam performance. These results call for future research on the influence of study guides on student performance.
“I Would Never Fall for That”: The Use of an Illegitimate Authority to Teach Social Psychological Principles
Authors: Farley Sally D. , Carson Deborah H. , Pope Terrence J.
Published: March 2019

This activity explores attitudinal beliefs and behavioral responses of obedience to an illegitimate authority figure in an ambiguous situation. In Experiment 1, students either self-reported the likelihood that they would obey a request made by a stranger to surrender their cell phone or were asked directly and in person by a confederate to relinquish their cell phone. The exercise revealed a marked discrepancy between how students predicted they would respond and how they actually did respond to the request. In Experiment 2, student learning was measured in addition to obedience. Although students exposed to the exercise had similar gains in learning as those exposed to a control condition, the mean obedience rate was a compelling 95.7%. Furthermore, students self-reported a greater willingness to obey the commands of an authority figure after learning about the Milgram study than before, thereby acknowledging their vulnerability to authority. We discuss the role of Milgram’s study in the psychology curriculum and provide recommendations for how this exercise might assist understanding of myriad social psychological principles.
Using Facebook in Recruiting Kidney Transplant Recipients for a REDCap Study
Authors: Chung Shu-Yu , Hacker Eileen D. , Rawl Susan , Ellis Rebecca , Bakas Tamilyn , Jones Josette , Welch Janet
Published: March 2019

This web-based study recruited kidney transplant recipients from Facebook using three recruiting methods over a 5-week period. Participants completed 125 survey items via REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) survey. Facebook recruitment generated 153 eligible participants who completed surveys. The average survey response time was 15.07 min ( SD = 6.12; range: 4-43), with a low missing item rate (<5%). Facebook’s standard ads were most effective for recruiting subjects ( n = 78, 51%), followed by three targeted Facebook kidney transplant support groups ( n = 52, 34%) and a pay-to-promote study page ( n = 12, 7.8%). The average cost paid for each valid survey was US$2.19 through standard Facebook ads and US$2.92 from the study page. The cost for online survey completion is economically feasible even for those with limited funds. Issues related to online surveys including extreme survey response times and participant misrepresentation were reported in this study.
Evaluation of hemorrhoidal disease and lower extremity venous insufficiency in primary adult varicocele: A prospective controlled study
Authors: Aslan Rahmi , Erbin Akif , Celik Sebahattin , Ucpinar Burak , Sahinalp Sahin , Yıldızhan Murat , Eryilmaz Recep , Taken Kerem
Published: March 2019

Background

The study investigated the association between varicocele, lower extremity venous insufficiency and hemorrhoidal disease.

Methods

The study included 62 patients with varicocele and 60 voluntary subjects with no varicocele. Patients who were diagnosed as having varicocele on physical examination and Doppler ultrasonography were included in the study group. Examination of lower extremity venous insufficiency was performed by physical examination and Doppler ultrasonography. Examination of hemorrhoidal disease was performed by a general surgery specialist.

Results

The patients with varicocele had a statistically significant ( p < 0.05) higher rates of venous insufficiency of the lower extremities and had a borderline significant difference of higher hemorrhoidal disease rates ( p = 0.05). Therewithal incidences of hemorrhoidal disease and lower extremity venous insufficiency were significantly higher in body mass index > 25 and age > 30 years of varicocele patients.

Conclusion

There is a statistically significant relation between varicocele, lower extremity venous insufficiency, and hemorrhoidal disease. In particular, varicocele patients who are aged over 30 years and overweight are at higher risk.
Marketing Preventive Health to Baby Boomers: What if Unhealthy Lifestyles are Attributable to the Counterculture?
Authors: Shen Anyuan
Published: March 2019

The boom generation is aging. Research has found that aging boomers are more vulnerable to mental and physical health problems and that adoption of healthy lifestyles may be a game changer for preventive health marketing to deliver health and quality of life. While Rahtz and Szykman’s (2008) model focuses on educating aging boomers with preventive health knowledge to facilitate lifestyle change, unhealthy lifestyles entrenched in the culture of the Woodstock generation may be more resistant to change. Drawing on the metaphor of cultural capital, we theorize that Counterculture lifestyles in different fields are intricately intertwined symbolic elements organized by an anti-establishment habitus and, as such, should be naturally correlated and capable of predicting one another. Data analysis confirmed that withdrawal from institutional religion as a defiant lifestyle in the spiritual field four or five decades ago is associated with alcohol excess and cigarette smoking among aging boomers in 2016. Rahtz and Szykman’s (2008) model was modified to include withdrawal from institutional religion to better understand its impact on lifestyle change, health, and quality of life. Implications for marketing preventive health to aging boomers were also discussed.
Violence and violation are at the heart of racism
Authors: Venkatesan Edited by Soumhya
Published: March 2019

This article comprises the edited version of the 2017 meeting of the Group for Debates in Anthropological theory held at Manchester. The motion debated was: Violence and Violation are at the Heart of Racism. It is edited by Soumhya Venkatesan (Manchester). Pnina Werbner (Keele) and Christopher (Kit) Davis (SOAS) proposed the motion; Peter Wade (Manchester) and John Hartigan Jr. (Texas) opposed it.
The limits to mobility: Precarious work experiences among young Eastern Europeans in Spain
Authors: Marcu Silvia
Published: March 2019

This article contributes to the existing literature on the geography of mobility by examining the precarious work experiences of young people in relation to the limits to their mobility. Using 60 in-depth interviews with young immigrants from Eastern Europe who practised mobility to and from Spain, the article highlights the concern of ‘limits to mobility’ to show how respondents try to end their precarious work and labour instability in order to reach a stable destination. What are the limits to mobility? When is the peak reached? I argue that the limits to mobility can be explained by the interplay between the political-economic structure and people’s spatiotemporal experiences. I have found three different types, depending on the life-course contexts in which young people live their limits to mobility: (1) mobility as tiredness – specific to those who have practised mobility to Spain and, after travelling, training and changing precarious jobs in several countries, try to move and settle in one place; (2) mobility as a labyrinth – situated between the fulfilment of objectives and the uncertainty of relocation; and (3) mobility as resistance to precarity through return – practised by people who migrated with their parents at an early age, who studied in Spain, but for professional reasons had to leave, and are currently either back in their countries of origin or in Spain. The limits to mobility have not as yet been researched in this way, and the findings may contribute to a refinement of the spatiotemporal framework of youth mobility.
Functional connectivity of hypothalamus in chronic migraine with medication overuse
Authors: Lerebours Fleur , Boulanouar Kader , Barège Michèle , Denuelle Marie , Bonneville Fabrice , Payoux Pierre , Larrue Vincent , Fabre Nelly
Published: March 2019

Objective

To investigate the functional connectivity of the hypothalamus in chronic migraine compared to interictal episodic migraine in order to improve our understanding of migraine chronification.

Methods

Using task-free fMRI and ROI-to-ROI analysis, we compared anterior hypothalamus intrinsic connectivity with the spinal trigeminal nucleus in patients with chronic migraine (n = 25) to age- and sex-matched patients with episodic migraine in the interictal phase (n = 22). We also conducted a seed-to-voxel analysis with anterior hypothalamus as a seed.

Results

All patients with chronic migraine had medication overuse. We found a significant connectivity (T = 2.08, p = 0.024) between anterior hypothalamus and spinal trigeminal nucleus in the chronic group, whereas these two regions were not connected in the episodic group. The strength of connectivity was not correlated with pain intensity (rho: 0.09, p = 0.655). In the seed-to-voxel analysis, three regions were more connected with the anterior hypothalamus in the chronic group: The spinal trigeminal nuclei (MNI coordinate x = 2, y = −44, z = −62), the right dorsal anterior insula (MNI coordinate x = 10, y = 10, z = 18), and the right caudate (MNI coordinate x = 12, y = 28, z = 6). However, these correlations were no longer significant after whole brain FWE correction.

Conclusion

An increased functional connectivity between the anterior hypothalamus and the spinal trigeminal nucleus, as previously reported in preictal episodic migraine, was demonstrated in chronic migraine with medication overuse. This finding confirms a major role of the anterior hypothalamus in migraine and suggests that chronic migraineurs are locked in the preictal phase.
Introducing the Super DDI as a Promising Alternative Service Interchange
Authors: Molan Amirarsalan Mehrara , Hummer Joseph E. , Ksaibati Khaled
Published: March 2019

The diverging diamond interchange (DDI) is in widespread use all around the United States and is the most popular alternative design for failing conventional interchanges. While the DDI does well in efficiently moving large left-turn demands, it is not the best design for through traffic or pedestrians. This paper proposes the new super DDI as a substitute for service interchanges which can mitigate the limitations of the typical DDIs. Our study of the new super DDI included a comprehensive series of simulation tests in VISSIM to consider different aspects of the traffic operation. We also estimated the costs of constructing a super DDI and compared those costs to other interchange designs. The results confirmed that the proposed super DDI could perform significantly better than the existing designs under the conditions tested. Overall, the super DDI showed an 18% lower travel time and a 49% higher rate of completed tests (as an indicator of the capacity) when compared with a typical DDI. However, the construction cost was estimated to be higher. Hopefully, the results show that the proposed super DDI has potential as a promising alternative design and will inspire further research and testing.
Effective Strategies for Improving Camber Predictions in Precast, Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders
Authors: Mante David M. , Barnes Robert W. , Isbiliroglu Levent , Hofrichter Andric , Schindler Anton K.
Published: March 2019

In order to limit construction conflicts in bridges with precast, prestressed concrete girders, it is essential that designers are able to predict midspan girder camber with sufficient accuracy at key stages. This paper describes a study of the effectiveness of various strategies for improving camber predictions when compared with field-measured values from actual bridge girders produced in the southeastern United States. The study also incorporated concrete materials data from nearly 2000 girder production cycles among four regional producers, in addition to a laboratory study of mechanical and time-dependent properties of representative concrete mixtures. A standard incremental time-step analysis software was developed and utilized for the parametric study included in this work. For the girder production cycles monitored in this study, the use of regionally calibrated prediction models for material properties (concrete compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, creep, and shrinkage) resulted in the elimination of approximately 80% of the prediction error associated with current camber prediction practices within the region. As compared with a mean overprediction error of 68% for current design practice, implementation of calibrated prediction models reduced the mean overprediction to approximately 10%. The most effective prediction improvement techniques were determined to be reliance on expected rather than specified concrete compressive strength, the use of an appropriate aggregate correction factor for modulus of elasticity computations, and the use of an incremental time-step analysis method incorporating AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) or International Federation for Structural Concrete ( fib) Model Code 2010 creep and shrinkage prediction equations.
Tissue-engineered solution containing cells and biomaterials—an in vitro study: A perspective as a novel therapeutic application
Authors: Henckes Nicole Andréa Corbellini , Festa Jaquelline Christine Dias , Faleiro Dalana , Medeiros Helouise Richardt , Guerra Nayrim Brizuela , dos Santos Luis Alberto Loureiro , Terraciano Paula Barros , Passos Eduardo Pandolfi , de Oliveira Fernanda dos Santos , Cirne-Lima Elizabeth Obino
Published: March 2019

Some biomaterial scaffolds can positively interfere with tissue regeneration and are being developed to successfully repair the tissue function. The possibility of using epithelial cells combined with biomaterials appears to be a new option as therapeutic application. This combination emerges as a possibility for patients with Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser syndrome which requires vaginal repair and can be performed with tissue-engineered solution containing cells and biomaterials. It is expected that tissue-engineered solution containing cells and biomaterials would promote tissue repair in a more efficient, modern, and safe way. This study tested the efficiency of tissue-engineered solution containing human malignant melanoma cell line (HMV-II) and different biomaterials, including Cellprene®, Membracel®, and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene. The cells adhered better on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene, and it was found that tissue-engineered solution may also contain mesenchymal stem cells cultivated on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene. Histological, immunofluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed. These initial in vitro results suggest that tissue-engineered solution containing cells and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/epoxidized polyisoprene is a potential for tissue reconstruction.
Quadrotor aircraft intelligent system identification experiment design
Authors: Alabsi Mohammed , Fields Travis
Published: March 2019

Aircraft prototyping and modeling is usually associated with resource expensive techniques and significant post flight analysis. The NASA Learn-To-Fly concept targets the replacement of the conventional ground-based aircraft model development and prototyping approaches with an efficient real time paradigm. The work presented herein describes the development of an intelligent excitation input design technique that determines excitation frequencies based on predefined rotational motion dynamic model. The input design is then evaluated on quadcopter unmanned aircraft that utilizes the new multisine input design. In order to minimize flight excursions without compromising the modeling capabilities, multisine input power spectrum is optimized based on the vehicle’s frequency response. The proposed methodology emphasizes excitation of modal frequencies which yields flight data rich information content. The generated optimized multisine input design is utilized for a quadcopter aircraft system identification and the performance is compared to conventional uniform amplitudes design. Simulation results show highly accurate model estimation in all identification results in addition to reduction of induced perturbations and power consumption. Additionally, the generated model prediction capabilities are not compromised after power spectrum optimization. Overall, the proposed technique introduces an efficient and intelligent system identification experiment design that can minimize the time and effort spent during excitation input design.
Lycium barbarum(Wolfberry) Increases Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Affects both Microglia/Macrophage Polarization and Autophagy after Rat Partial Optic Nerve Transection
Authors: Li Hong-Ying , Huang Mi , Luo Qiu-Yan , Hong Xi , Ramakrishna Seeram , So Kwok-Fai
Published: March 2019

The rat partial optic nerve transection (PONT) model has been used for studying secondary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in recent years. In this study, we carried out PONT of the temporal side of rat optic nerves, whereas PONT was carried out of the superior side in the previous publication. We found that this surgery is better and easier than the previous method and can produce a repeatable and reliable model. We detected significant changes in the polarization of microglia/macrophages and the level of autophagy in optic nerves after PONT. We also used this model to detect the effects of the polysaccharides extracted from Lycium barbarum (LBP) on the survival of RGCs and the changes in the polarization of microglia/macrophages and the level of autophagy after PONT. We find that LBP can delay secondary degeneration of RGCs after temporal injury of optic nerves, promote the M2 polarization of microglia/macrophages, and down-regulate the level of autophagy after PONT. In conclusion, we find that the polarization of microglia/macrophages and the autophagy level change after PONT; LBP treatment delays secondary degeneration of RGCs; and the polarization of microglia/macrophages and the level of autophagy are also altered after LBP treatment.
Impact of Antithrombin Supplementation and Concomitant Anticoagulation Therapy in Pediatric Patients With Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Nagafuchi Hiroyuki , Eguchi Yutaka , Ikeda Toshiaki
Published: March 2019

We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antithrombin (AT) supplementation and concomitant anticoagulation therapy in 65 children who met the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) criteria and had received AT concentrate and/or other concomitant anticoagulants. The primary efficacy end point was to determine standardized mortality ratio (SMR). The secondary efficacy end points were DIC resolution rate and pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) score on day 3. The 28-day mortality rate was 6.8%; SMR was 0.55. Disseminated intravascular coagulation resolution rate on day 3 was 54.5%. The JMHW DIC scores at day 0 ( P = .005) and pSOFA scores at day 3 ( P = .018) were significantly lower in patients with resolution of DIC than in those without resolution of DIC. The target cutoff value for JMHW DIC score on day 0 was 6. No bleeding-related adverse events were associated with AT administration. In children with DIC, AT supplementation and concomitant anticoagulation therapy can be safely used as initial treatment when JMHW DIC score is 6; it may improve DIC resolution, organ failure, and mortality rates.
Challenges for implementing a global mental health agenda in Brazil: The “silencing” of culture
Authors: Ortega Francisco , Wenceslau Leandro David
Published: March 2019

Since its emergence in 2007, Global Mental Health has been a growing and polemic area of study, research and practice in mental health worldwide. Despite having a significant endogenous academic production and innovative policy experiences, the Brazilian mental health field and its actors make few references to, and scarcely dialogue with, the Global Mental Health agenda. This article explores an aspect of this divergence between Global Mental Health initiatives and public mental health care in Brazil regarding the role of culture within mental health policies and practices. Our hypothesis is that part of this difficulty can be attributed to the low relevance of the cultural dimension for the Brazilian mental health field, here referred to as the “silencing of culture.” We examine the possible historical roots of this process with reference to theories of “anthropophagy” and “cultural uniformity” in the context of Brazilian cultural matrices. We then describe two recent experiences in public mental health care that incorporate cultural competence through the work of community health workers and the example of community therapy. We argue that the development of cultural competence can be decisive in enabling an improved dialogue between research and practice in Brazilian mental health and global mental health initiatives.
Big business in a small state: Rationales of higher education internationalisation in Latvia
Authors: Chankseliani Maia , Wells Anya
Published: March 2019

There is growing international interest in how market imperatives interact with the socio-cultural and academic rationales of higher education internationalisation. This study provides new empirical material to examine the core rationales of international student recruitment in Latvia, where international students constitute 10% of the total tertiary enrolments. The nuanced analysis of narrative data from the interviews with university international officers is complemented by the analysis of policy documents and numeric data from the government and the UNESCO Institute of Statistics. By carefully interpreting the evidence, the study shows that international student recruitment has been stimulated by the demographic calculus and driven by the economic rationale. Universities have played an active role in increasing the numbers of mobile students and many institutions seem to benefit from working closely with student recruitment agencies. The scale of university–agency collaboration appears to vary by the type of institution; those with lower entry requirements have more extensive business relations with agencies than the relatively more reputable institutions. The study advances the understanding of internationalisation by arguing that a focus on market imperatives can undermine socio-cultural, academic and political benefits of inbound student mobility, which are viewed by universities as inferior to the immediate pecuniary interest.
Promoting chronic disease management in persons with complex social needs: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Goodridge Donna , Bandara Thilina , Marciniuk Darcy , Hutchinson Shelly , Crossman Lois , Kachur Brittany , Higgins Dana , Bennett Andrew
Published: March 2019

While there are both ethical and practical imperatives to address health inequity issues related to chronic disease management for persons with social complexity, existing programs often do not appropriately address the needs of these individuals. This leads to low levels of participation in programs, suboptimal chronic disease management, and higher health-care utilization. The aims of this project were to describe the challenges related to availability, accessibility, and acceptability faced by socially complex patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) who were eligible, but declined enrollment in a traditional Chronic Disease Management Program (CDMP). Using a qualitative descriptive study approach informed by a health equity lens, interviews with participants, managers, and a focus group with providers were used to gather data addressing the above aims. Qualitative data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s theoretical thematic analysis approach. The ability of participants to manage chronic disease was profoundly influenced by contextual and personal factors, such as poverty, disability, personal attitudes and beliefs (including shame, mistrust, and hopelessness), and barriers inherent in the organization of the health-care system. The existing chronic disease management program did not adequately address the most critical needs of socially complex patients. Challenges with accessibility and acceptability of chronic disease management and health services played important roles in the ways these socially complex participants managed their chronic illness. The individualistic approach to self-management of chronic illness inherent in conventional CDMP can be poorly aligned with the needs, capacity, and circumstances of many socially complex patients. Innovative models of care that promote incremental and guided approaches to enhancing health and improving self-efficacy need further development and evaluation.
Connecting With Clinicians: Developing the 5-Min Digital Download to Advance Interpretive Description in Health-Care Research
Authors: Risling Tracie L. , Nussbaum Katie , Martinez Juan , Risling Derek
Published: March 2019

The recruitment of health-care practitioners and their subsequent engagement in data collection is often a difficult and time-consuming task for research teams, especially in acute care settings. Yet clinical challenges require the experience and expertise of these clinical practitioners for the derivation of successful solutions. Innovative qualitative research techniques are emerging in an effort to involve diverse populations in research. To promote the participation of acute care clinicians in the design of a digital pediatric patient and family portal, a 5-Minute Digital Download ( 5MDD) tool was used. This article details the development of the 5MDD application, the results of the tool deployment in recruiting pediatric health-care practitioners, and the effectiveness of the method in supporting interpretive description research. With the encouraging results and an increasing need for acute care practitioner voices to be present in clinical digital health research, future direction and use of the 5MDD should be considered.
“It’s like having an evil twin”: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the lifeworld of a person with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Eatough Virginia , Shaw Karen
Published: March 2019

Background

This paper offers an understanding of the lifeworld of a person with Parkinson’s Disease derived from interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).

Aims

The paper has two main aims: firstly, to demonstrate how a focus on individual experience chimes with and can inform current ideas of a more personalised humanised form of healthcare for people living with Parkinson’s disease; and secondly, to demonstrate how an IPA study can illuminate particularity whilst being able to make, albeit cautiously, more general knowledge claims that can inform wider caring practices.

Methods

It achieves these aims through the detailed description and interpretation of one person’s experience of living with Parkinson's disease using the IPA approach.

Results

Three analytic themes point to how the various constituents of the lifeworld, such as embodiment, selfhood, temporality and relationality are made manifest. These enable the IPA researcher to make well-judged inferences, which can have value beyond the individual case.

Conclusions

A key feature of IPA is its commitment to an idiographic approach that recognises the value of understanding a situated experience from the perspective of a particular person or persons.
On the composition of part-set cues
Authors: Kroeger Magdalen E , Hueng Nicole L , Curry Samuel D , Copeland Madison B , Kelley Matthew R
Published: March 2019

Two experiments examined whether the specific composition of the set of cues might influence performance on a part-set cueing task. Although researchers traditionally have chosen their part-set cues either at random or systematically across the original set of materials, in the current study, the part-set cues comprised sets of either the most or least memorable items in the stimulus set (based on past research with the materials). With both word list (Experiment 1) and paragraph (Experiment 2) stimuli, the results showed differential effects of cue composition on part-set cueing performance. That is, part-set cueing impairment occurred following the presentation of high memorability cues, whereas there was no difference between cued and uncued performance following presentation of low memorability cues. These results suggest that the presence or absence of part-set cueing impairment can be influenced by the specific composition of the cue set.
Susac’s syndrome as a rare arterial stroke mimic
Authors: Onat Demirci Nuri , Hacımustafaoğlu Ali Murat , Kenangil Gülay , Cevher Ayse Zeynep , Demir Mustafa Kemal
Published: March 2019

Susac’s syndrome is an uncommon autoimmune microangiopathy characterised mainly by encephalopathy, hearing loss and branch retinal artery occlusions. We present here a case of Susac’s syndrome with initial isolated arterial stroke symptoms which are not an uncommon feature of the disease.
‘A new normal with chemobrain’: Experiences of the impact of chemotherapy-related cognitive deficits in long-term breast cancer survivors
Authors: Henderson Fiona ME , Cross Ainslea J , Baraniak Amy R
Published: March 2019

Chemobrain is one of the most commonly reported side-effects of cancer treatment. However, there is limited research into its psychosocial concomitants. This study aimed to explore the long-term lived experience of chemobrain. Interpretative phenomenological analysis allowed an in-depth investigation of 12 breast cancer survivors suffering from perceived cognitive deficits at least 1-year post-treatment. Themes were organised around the illness representations framework. Commonly reported cognitive deficits related to memory, language and processing speed, which affected participants’ sense of identity and their interactions with others. Individual experiences were mediated by health beliefs regarding controllability, validation and impairment trajectory.