bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Bir Yatırım Yöntemi Olarak Yatırım Fonu ve Fıkhi Açıdan Tahlili
Authors: DURMUŞ Abdullah
Published: November 2022

Yatırım fonu, halktan katılma belgeleri karşılığında toplanan paralarla, belge sahipleri hesabına, riskin dağıtılması ilkesi esasına göre belli varlıklardan oluşan portföyü işletmek amacıyla kurulan mal varlığı olarak tanımlanabilir.

Yatırım fonları, gerek uzun vadeli fon ihtiyacı içinde olan kurumlar ve devlet, gerekse tasarruflarını profesyonel bir biçimde ve daha kârlı ve likit alanlarda değerlendirmek isteyen bireyler için oldukça önemli bir yatırım aracıdır. Şu an yürürlükte olan mevzuata göre Türkiye’de uygulanan yatırım fonlarında yatırımcılar sermayelerini belli bir ücret / komisyon karşılığında yatırım fonu yöneticilerine teslim etmektedirler. Yapılan yatırım sebebiyle oluşacak kâr ve zarar bütünüyle yatırımcılara aittir. Dolayısıyla risk ve getirinin paylaşımı söz konusu olmamaktadır.

Makalemizde, yatırım fonlarının, yapılacak bazı mevzuat değişiklikleri ile yatırım fonu ile yatırımcıların emek-sermaye (mudarabe) veya sermaye (müşarake) ortaklığı yapmak suretiyle kârı ve zararı (riski) âdil bir şekilde paylaşarak işletilmesinin de mümkün, caiz ve ekonomi için faydalı olduğunu göstermeye çalıştık. Mudarabe akdinin esas alınması halinde yatırımcılar sermayedâr (rabbü’l-mâl), yatırım fonu ise işletmeci (mudarib); müşarake sözleşmesinin esas alınması durumunda ise her iki taraf da ortak (müşarik) sıfatıyla kârdan pay almayı hak edeceklerdir.
Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion as a Predictors of Psychological Well-Bing
Authors: Basher Eman
Published: November 2022

The current study aims to know the Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion as a Predictors of Psychological Well-Bing. The study sample consisted of 150 males and females (75 females, 75 males) and their age ranged between (25 to 45) years with a standard deviation of (37±7) years. The average education (8-15) was (12.7±2.6) years. The research tools were the five facet mindfulness Questionnaire, Neff self- compassion scale, and Ryff well-bing Scale. The results of the statistical analysis of the data revealed a positive relationship between mindfulness, self – compassion and well-Bing. Regression analysis showed that model consist of (Mindfulness and Self – compassion) predicted the psychological well-Bing significantly.
New Treatment Approaches in Relapsing/Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas
Authors: ven Serkan , Yavuz Boran , cel El , Karata Aylin , zsan Hayri , Demirkan Fatih , zer Erdener , lu nci
Published: November 2022

Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare disease that affects the brain, leptomeninges, spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid, or vitreoretinal compartment without evidence of systemic disease. Although some treatment success is achieved with high dose methotrexate-based regimens, the prognosis is still poor. In this respect, new therapeutic approaches are needed.

Methods: The clinical data of 6 patients diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma in a hematology center of a university hospital were analyzed for 3 years. Ibrutinib monotherapy was applied to these 6 refractory patients as the last-stage treatment. The results were analyzed.

Results: 6 patients (5 women, 1 man) with relapsed and refractory PCNSL received ibrutinib as monotherapy. As initial treatment, 3 patients received high-dose methotrexate + rituximab, 1 patient received MATRix (Rituximab, Methotrexate, Cytarabine, Thiotepa), 1 patient received high-dose methotrexate, and then only one patient received radiotherapy (RT). Two patients were consolidated with autologous transplantation and one patient with RT. All patients received treatment at a dose of 560 mg. No serious side effects have been detected. 5 patients who received ibrutinib monotherapy for the shortest 1 month and the longest 24 months died. The patient, who has been on ibrutinib monotherapy for 11 months, is being followed up stably.

Conclusions: We have seen the therapeutic benefit of ibrutinib as monotherapy in our refractory patients. However, we believe that using ibrutinib as part of combination therapy at the initial stage of the disease will yield better results.
A Risk Factor In The Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insulin Analogues

Running Title: Insulin Analogues as a Risk Factor for Liver Cancer
Authors: Gokcen Pinar , zdil Kamil
Published: November 2022

Aim: The most important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and cancer; hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and the inflammation resulting from the activation of insulin receptors. Apart from insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia may also occur with the use of exogenous insulin. We aimed to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus and insulin use as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma development in a large patient population with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis.
Materials and Methods: 493 chronic hepatitis B-associated cirrhotic patients were included in the study. The patients were evaluated at 3-6month intervals during follow-up for hepatocellular carcinoma screening. Demographic and laboratory variables, presence of diabetes mellitus, insülin usage, and hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence were recorded.
Results: The mean age of patients was 53.5±13.9 years, and 66.2% were male. 18.7% of the patients had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and 12% of the patients had insulin use. 68 patients (13.8%) were decompensated cirrhotic. The mean follow-up period was 50.6±33.6 months, during which 43 patients (8.7%) developed hepatocellular carcinoma. In the multivariable analysis, older age, male gender, presence of decompensation, use of exogenous insulin were associated with HCC occurrence (all p<0.05)
Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance have been associated with many cancers due to insulins mitogenic effects. We showed that insulin use is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma development in our chronic hepatitis B-associated cirrhotic patients. Further studies including antidiabetic treatment subgroups are needed.
Colonoscopic Polypectomy: Analysis of 429 cases
Authors: sengul serkan , kubat mehmet
Published: November 2022

Aim: It is well known that most colorectal cancers develop from colon polyps. Therefore, removing polyps found during colonoscopy, regardless of their size and characteristics, is critical because of the risk of developing colorectal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of colonoscopic polypectomy performed in our clinic.
Materials and Methods: The data of patients who underwent colonoscopy for various reasons between January 2018 and December 2020 and who had polypectomy performed during the procedure were evaluated retrospectively. These patients were divided into two groups, single polypectomy, and multiple polypectomy cases.
Results: Single polyp was detected in 72% (n=309) of the 429 patients included in the study, whereas multiple polyps were detected in 28% (n=120). Of these patients, 62.9% (n=270) were male and 37.1% (n= 159) were female. The median age of patients with a single polyp (61,0) was lower than that of patients with multiple polyps (65,0) (p= 0.014). In patients with a single polyp, the most common localization was rectum (32.4%), and the most common histopathological subtype was tubular adenoma (50.8%). In patients who underwent multiple polypectomies, the most common localization was a sigmoid colon (25.5%), while the most common histopathological subtype was again tubular adenoma (48.1%). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the severity of dysplasia (p = 0,838). A significant difference was found between polyp diameter and dysplasia severity in adenomatous polyps in both groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Colonoscopic polypectomy effectively reduces the risk of colorectal cancer by removing precancerous polyps. Colon polyps are often prominent in the rectosigmoid region and more common in the male gender. An increase in the number of colon polyps is observed with age. In our country, a multicenter prospective study with many participants is required to characterize polyps.
Evaluation and Management of the First Unprovoked Seizure in Children:
Single-Center Experience

First Unprovoked Seizure in Children
Authors: Dedeoglu zge , Ardicli Didem
Published: November 2022

Aim: We aimed to evaluate clinical and laboratory features in children who presented unprovoked seizure for the first time and also to determine possible risk factors for seizure recurrence.
Materials and Methods: A total of 219 patients (113 female, 106 male) who presented a first unprovoked seizure were included in the study. Demographic, clinical findings (type and duration of seizures, seizure recurrence, antiseizure drugs), neuroimaging findings and electroencephalography (EEG) results were recorded retrospectively.
Results: The median age was 30 months (IQR 12-66). A history of birth hypoxia and/or phototherapy and family history of epilepsy were present in 21% and 17.4% of cases, respectively. Generalized seizures were the most common seizure type (42%), with a predominance at <2 years of age compared to the other age groups (p=0,007). Seizures recurred in 28% of the patients. Abnormal EEG findings were detected in 33.8% of studied children and most of them were >2 years of age (p<0,01). Brain MRI abnormalities were detected in 19% and recurrence was higher in the patients with abnormal MRI (p<0,001). No correlation was found between seizure recurrence and EEG abnormality. In focal seizures, the rate of seizure recurrence was higher than generalized seizures. Antiseizure therapy was initiated in 44% of the patients. Drug switch were required in 22 patients due to side effects. Etiology was determined in nearly half of the patients.
Conclusion: In our study, abnormal brain MRI were determined as possible risk factors for seizure recurrence. Comprehensive etiological investigation should be considered following the first episode of unprovoked seizures, especially in patients under two years.
Polyneuropathy In Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients
Authors: Kaya Hatice , lu Mehmet , Ermi Hilal , Ozcan Abdulcemal
Published: November 2022

Aim: Hypoxemia due to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is thought to cause peripheral nerve damage. A case-control study was conducted to test the accuracy of this phenomenon.

Material and Methods: The patient group consisted of 45 patients with OSA who had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) score of >10 and were newly diagnosed with OSA and control group consisted of 37 individuals who did not have OSA. Sensory and motor nerve conduction investigations were performed on both the upper and right lower extremity Mann-Whitney U, chi square and independent sample T tests were carried out.

Results: Both groups had the same average age of 46. The mean body mass index (BMI) in patients with OSA was 31.81; the average AHI was 55.17; the periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) was 30.71; the T90 value was 74.23; the lowest saturation was 37; the average saturation value was 72.97. The other nerves' sensory and motor distal latency lengths were more prolonged than the control group, except the ulnar nerve. The averages of the left median, ulnar, and right peroneal motor nerves’ compound motor action potential (CMAP) amplitude were lower in individuals with OSA than in the control group. Compared to the control group, patients with OSA had slower right tibial nerve motor conduction velocity. The mean snap amplitude of bilateral median and left ulnar sensory nerve were higher in patients with OSA.

Conclusion: OSA-induced hypoxia may have an impact on peripheral nerve damage.
Overexpression of Yeast YLR177w gene provides tolerance to antifungal drug Tioconazole
Authors: Ko Salman , k zlem , ndar Muhammed , KO AHMET
Published: November 2022

Aim: To find genes that provide resistance to antifungal drug tioconazole by a genomic screening approach.
Materials and Methods: Wild-type yeast (BY4741) cells were transformed with a high copy genomic DNA expression library and transformants that can grow on toxic levels of Tioconazole were determined. Library plasmids were isolated from the transformants and sequenced for the identification of potential gene(s).
Results: Yeast YLR177w gene was isolated as a potential tioconazole resistance gene. Its overexpression led cells to tolerate normally toxic levels of tioconazole. Deletion of the YLR177w gene from the yeast genome made cells more vulnerable to the drug.
Conclusions: Yeast YLR177w gene encodes a putative protein of unknown function. Our analyses suggest a potential function for the YLR177w gene for tioconazole resistance.
Prediction of new-onset atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery using left atrial area and area index
Authors: Mansiroglu Asl , Sincer sa , ne Y , nal Osman , Erdem Kemalettin
Published: November 2022

Aim: This study aimed to determine preoperative echocardiographic predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.
Materials and Methods: 84 patients undergoing off-pump isolated CABG were prospectively enrolled. The left atrium area (LAA) was measured from the apical four-chamber projection at the end-ventricular systole, then indexed to BSA for the left atrial area index (LAAI). POAF was detected with continuous telemetry and surface 12 electrocardiograms throughout hospitalization.
Results: We observed postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in 32 patients (38%, 64.9±10.2 years); of whom 87.5% ( 28 patients) were men. Patients with POAF had significantly larger left atrium (LA) area (18.9 ± 3.7 vs. 21.3 ± 4.9 cm2, p=0.016 ), higher LAAI (10.4 ± 2.0 vs. 12.0 ± 2.6 cm2/m2, p= 0.001), and higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure (30 (2-37) vs. 33 (20-64), p=0.05). In addition, lateral wall Em (9 (3-14) vs. 7 (3-15), p= 0.047), Am (10.8 ± 2.6 vs. 8.3 ± 3.0, p=0.05), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (60.5 (23- 78.50) vs. 57.15 (33.10-74.90), p=0.05) were significantly lower in patients with POAF. Based on the backward stepwise model of multivariate analysis, LAAI (p=0.007, 95% CI for OR:1.374 (1.092-1.729)) and LVEF (p=0.039, 95% CI for OR:0.889 (0.796-0.994)) were found to be the strongest independent predictors of POAF.
Conclusion: In this study, LAAI and LVEF were independent predictors of POAF development after off-pump CABG surgery. These predictors may be helpful in risk assessment for the possibility of POAF in patients undergoing off-pump CABG surgery.
Gadolinium chelates inhibit intracellular calcium signaling in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons similar to rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, but less effective
Authors: Baykara Murat , Bilgin Batuhan , Ozcan Mete , Kelestimur Haluk
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
Gadolinium (Gd3+) based MR contrast agents (GBMCA) are manufactured with a chelation process, where organic ligand molecules form a stable complex around Gd3+. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible impact of free gadolinium and GBMCA in ganglia (trigeminal and dorsal root) neuron cell cultures on intracellular calcium (Ca2+) since these agents could dissociate and lead to the release of toxic Gd3+ ions in metabolic conditions.
Methods:
Ganglia cells were studied for responses to agents and nonspecific depolarization by high KCl+ in Fura 2 AM loaded neurons by monitoring the changes in [Ca2+]i using a microscopic digital image analysis system. GBMCA and molecular gadolinium doses of 0.1 mmol/kg were prepared with the same pH and temperature and applied to the cells.
Results:
Application of Gd3+, gadobenate dimeglumine, gadobutrol and gadodiamide to rat ganglia neurons led to significant decreases in basal intracellular calcium levels, while gadoterate meglumine administration did not have a significant impact. As expected, Gd3+ was more effective when compared tı GBMCA. While the impact was almost full with gadodiamide, Gd3+ and other GBMCAs had irreversible effects at different levels. The impact of gadoterate meglumine was neglectable when compared to Gd3+ and other GBMCAs, although it exhibited slightly gadodiamide-like effects.
Conclusions:
In conclusion, gadolinium chelates released gadolinium and irreversibly reduced the intracellular calcium levels in identical TG and DRG cells at different levels.
Comparison of the effects of physiotherapy and ergotherapy applications on independent movement in hip fracture patients with hemiarthroplasty and PFN-A
Authors: Bildik Celaleddin , Kahraman Hamit , AVSEVER Nur , RBA Sinem , ak Asl , lmaz Bar
Published: November 2022

Objective:In this study, our aim is to compare the effects of post-hip fracture hemiarthroplasty or PFN-A applications on the post-operative hip joint to provide enough range of motion to assist in daily activities, helping to regain lost muscle strength and to compare the effects on independent movement.

Patients and Methods: 15 patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty (Group 1) and 15 patients who underwent PFN-A (Group 2) were included in this study. These patients were aged between 50-80 who had operated at least 3 months ago, had no other lower extremity operation or trauma in the last 6 months, did not have any other physical and mental problems that prevented physiotherapy and occupational therapy due to the hip fracture. Physical therapy and occupational therapy methods were applied to both groups after surgery. These two group were evaluated with the early postoperative period, after physical therapy and after occupational therapy, the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, Functional Independence Scale, Barthel Daily Living Activities Index, Harris Hip Assessment Scale and Timed Get Up and Go tests.

Results: After physical therapy applied according to the early postoperative period; a significant difference was obtained for all patients in the evaluations made with lower extremity function scale, Functional independence scale, Timed up and go test, and Harris hip assessment scale. In addition to this treatment, a significant difference was achieved for all patients after the ergotherapy methods. No statistically significant differences were found for Barthel's daily life activities test.

Conclusion: The negative thoughts created by the limitations in the functions of the elderly people is reduced with the ergotherapy application plan and providing support both physically and psychologically. The emotional changes that vary on according to the level of dependency of the patients, the use of auxiliary devices is taught in elderly individuals, especially considering their desire to be independent, their functions were restored with the multiple working method and the quality of life is increased.
FORGOTTEN FATHERS IN CHILD HEALTHCARE
Authors: Baysal enay , lu Sinem , Arslan Feyzullah , Karaku G
Published: November 2022

Objective: Father involvement is a largely unexplored area in health literature. The purpose of this research was to investigate how pediatric residents and mothers perceive fathers' participation in health monitoring, fathers' self-assessment of their participation in their child’s health monitoring, and to examine mothers and fathers' views on "fatherhood roles."
Materials and Methods: Between March and May 2019, a total of 155 individuals, including pediatrics residents (n=45), mothers (n=55) and fathers (n=55) of children admitted to the outpatient clinic of pediatrics participated survey, in Inonu University, Turkey.
Results: It was found that 44% of the children had attended with their parents (40% only with their mother, and 16% only with their father), but the perceptions of the residents were not in this direction and residents did not care for the fathers and assigned them to a second role. The questions were asked to mothers and fathers about the role of fathers, adapted using the Role of the Father and it was concluded that giving moral and ethical guidance, showing love and affection, and providing financial care to children were more important for fathers, respectively.
Conclusion: As suggested by American Academy of Pediatrics, residents should be aware of the importance of the fathers' participation and include them.
The Effects of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Adolescents Exposed to Peer Victimization
Authors: Karatoprak Serdar , z Abdulbaki , NMEZ YUNUS
Published: November 2022

Objective: Peer victimization is more common in adolescents with ADHD. Since more internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors and academic problems are observed in adolescents exposed to peer victimization, these problems may occur more severely in adolescents with ADHD who are exposed to peer victimization. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of ADHD on internalizing and externalizing behaviors, depression, academic problems in adolescents with ADHD who were exposed to peer victimization.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 169 adolescents. Participants completed Socio-demographic Data Form, Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Adolescent Form and Children's Depression Inventory. The diagnosis of ADHD was determined according to the diagnostic criteria in DSM-V.
Results: The study was completed with 41 adolescents with ADHD exposed to peer victimization, 69 adolescents without ADHD exposed to peer victimization, 59 adolescents without ADHD and were not exposed to peer victimization. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. School absenteeism was more common in ADHD group. Externalizing behaviors were found to be statistically significantly higher in the ADHD group.
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that adolescents with ADHD who are exposed to peer victimization exhibit more severe externalizing behaviors. Therefore, ADHD should be specifically investigated in adolescents exposed to peer victimization who develop more severe externalizing behaviors.
Preventive Strategies, Risk Management and Treatment Protocol at Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of Government Medical College Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India: A Prospective Study and Mini Literature Review
Authors: Bokhari Kamran , Gudla Vasantha , Raj Prathima
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Introductions:
SARS-CoV-2, previously known as the 2019 novel Coronavirus, is an enveloped non-segmented positive-sense RNA virus responsible for COVID-19 pandemic. The virus has taken the world by surprise causing wide spread loss in terms of health, infra-structure, economy and development.
Material and Methods:
This is a prospective, cross sectional study with descriptive analysis of the data conducted over a period of 1 year. The study included patients who directly reported to the Dental Department and also patient’s referred from Peripheral health centers and District Hospitals of adjoining areas/districts. Demographic data included gender, age group, the region from where the patient represented.
Inclusion Criteria: All patients presenting with elective and emergency dental procedures and maxillofacial trauma with or without associated injuries were included in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Patients reporting for maxillofacial surgeries for cosmetic improvement
2. Patients with Dento-facial deformities indicated for Orthognathic surgery
3. Old cases of fractures with malunion and non-union

Results:
A total of 1940 patients attended dental department during the one year period from march 2020 – march 2021. As 540 patients were during the lockdown and severe containment measures period of 6 months. Rest 1440 patients were during the relaxed lockdown phase.
Discussion:
Coronaviruses are single stranded RNA viruses that have been implicated in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The virus has taken the world in general and human race in particular by surprise. Medical Professionals were challenged by the virus to understand the behavior of systemic involvement and for establishing treatment protocol. It was a race of time versus death. Not only the disease and its rapid transmission rate surprised and panicked the medical fraternity and society, the armamentarium, the professionalism and ethical behavior of people were challenged by this Corona Virus. The health care professionals must be well prepared, trained and must take all precautions while dealing in such pandemic. Dental surgeons across India have lost their lives during this pandemic and a report on their statistics and cause of death (either due to treatment of patients or by getting primarily infected) is not known and not in the scope of this article.
Conclusion:
1. Inspite of the challenges posed, the dental unit remained functional throughout the lockdown phase.
2. Patients seeking dental care were attended and addressed appropriately. Acute pain management strategies were followed effectively.
3. 1940 patients during the phase of 3 containment zones is a significant number.
Laboratory reports as a learning tool – Early clinical exposure in 1st-year MBBS physiology (Hematology)
Authors: Bhattacharya Anirban , Bhinganiya Prerana , Hira Dipak , Wankhede Tanaji
Published: November 2022

Background: Early clinical exposure (ECE) aims to bridge the gap between pre-clinical and clinical subjects. ECE exposes students to the health-care system at an early stage of professional life, follows patient-centered approach, and increases motivation for classroom learning. Most of the studies have reported a positive attitude of students toward ECE. However, very few studies have reported the difficulties that may be faced by the students during implementation of ECE.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of this was to explore the attitude of students and difficulties faced if any during implementation of ECE in 1st MBBS Physiology (Hematology) with the help of laboratory reports and clinical scenarios.

Materials and Methods: One hundred and ten students participated after completion of theory and practical classes of hematology. Clinical scenarios and laboratory forms were prepared based on actual laboratory reports of patients from pathology department. Group discussions and discussion with faculty was done. Attitude of the students was noted.

Results: Most of the students found this method to be interesting and better than routine methods, helped in better understanding of theory and practical concepts, and helped in better preparation for examinations and better clinical correlations. However, about half of the students agreed or were not sure about the difficulty of ECE.

Conclusion: The positive attitude of the students shows that ECE provides a successful integration of basic science and clinical subjects. It also helps in understanding the relevance of a basic science subject. Concepts of the subjects are made easier and interesting by ECE. However, the difficulties faced by the students should be kept in mind and more practice sessions may be done.
Evaluation of wound healing activity of topical nicotine in an excision wound model in rats
Authors: Barde Anita , Chavan Swati , Bhalsinge Rahul , Rajbhoj Satkar , Raja Mustafa , Tilak Abhijeet
Published: November 2022

Background: Wound can be defined as disruption of cellular, anatomical, or functional continuity of living tissues. Nicotine causes damage to the epithelial layer of blood vessel and delays wound healing. It plays an important pathogenic role in impaired wound healing. Although in the last millennium, topical use of nicotine has been reported. It promotes collagen synthesis and, in turn, promotes wound healing. The role of topical nicotine on wound healing is controversial. Therefore, it was planned to evaluate and compare wound healing activity of various doses topical nicotine in rats.

Aim and Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of topical nicotine on wound healing in an excision wound model in rats.

Materials and Methods: For evaluation of the wound healing effects of the nicotine, excision wound model was used. Nicotine was applied topically in a dose of 1.5 g%, 3.0 g%, and 6.0 g% petroleum base. Petroleum jelly served as control for topical nicotine. Dressing done by applying topical nicotine until (20 days) complete wound healing was observed. Parameters evaluated were surface area of wound and percentage closure.

Results: Findings of this show that, on day 4, nicotine 3.0 g% and 6 g% the wound surface area were more as compared to control. On day 12, nicotine 6.0 g% showed significantly more wound surface area than control (P < 0.05). Percentage wound contraction with topical nicotine (6.0 g%) was less as compared to control on day 4, 8, and 12 (P < 0.001). On day 16, percentage wound contracture with topical nicotine (6.0 g%) contraction was significantly less as compared to control (P < 0.05). Although percentage wound contraction with topical nicotine (all preparations) and control was similar on day 20.

Conclusion: Finding shows that topical nicotine impairs wound healing in a dose related pattern during initial stages of healing in an excision wound model. However, there is no delay in wound healing with any dose of topical nicotine.
A study of high division of sciatic nerve in human cadavers and its clinical significance
Authors: Shah Mayuri , Damor Parul , Vyas Monika
Published: November 2022

Background: Sciatic nerve is a mixed nerve which provide sensory and motor supply for skin and muscles of the lower limb by tibial and common peroneal nerve. Anatomical variations of sciatic nerve at high division have been reported by various authors. The path of the sciatic nerve is important while administration of intramuscular injection to prevent nerve injury and nerve blockage failure during anesthesia. This knowledge of high division helps in different surgical approach for sciatic nerve injury or hip dislocation.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe incidences of high division variation of Sciatic nerve and different types in cadavers during routine dissection schedule.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during routine dissection schedule in anatomy department for first MBBS students to observe sciatic nerve course in 30 gluteal regions from 15 adult cadavers fixed by formalin. Location of sciatic nerve in relation to piriformis muscle and its division whether in single nerve sheath or separate sheath and types was recorded.

Results: In 12 cadavers (80%), sciatic nerve course found normal which leaves pelvis at inferior border of piriformis muscle and bifurcate in terminal branches tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve as it approaches at the apex of popliteal fossa. In 3 cadavers (20%), two male and one female, we found high division of sciatic nerve where terminal branches, tibial nerve, and common peroneal nerve leave the pelvis below piriformis separately in different sheaths.

Conclusion: Knowledge of variations-related high division of sciatic nerve would help surgeons during different interventions related to sciatic nerve and for preventing further complications.
Urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in two dogs with acquired Fanconi syndrome: A case report
Authors: Takashima Satoshi , Nasu Tomomi , Ohata Keiichi , Oikawa Tsuyoshi , Sugaya Takeshi , Kobatake Yui , Shibata Sanae , Nishii Naohito
Published: November 2022

Background: Fanconi syndrome (FS) is defined as multiple defects of the proximal tubules and is diagnosed by clinical symptoms. However, in dogs with FS, the damage in the proximal tubules that are responsible for the clinical symptoms has not been evaluated. Among FS cases, tubular damage in acquired FS is reversible following the elimination of a causative factor. Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) is a biomarker of tubular damage in various animals including dogs. Urinary L-FABP measurement may be useful for the diagnosis and follow-up evaluation in canine FS.
Case Description: At the first visit, two Toy Poodles that had no remarkable findings on physical examination presented with glycosuria without hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hyperchloremia, increased levels of plasma alkaline phosphatase, and metabolic acidosis. Considering all the factors involved, the dogs were clinically diagnosed with acquired FS. The owner reported that they routinely fed the dog with chicken jerky, a recently considered cause of acquired FS. Following the withdrawal of the jerky, abnormalities including glycosuria improved in both dogs. Moreover, urinary L-FABP levels, which were high at diagnosis, presented a decreasing trend during the follow-up. However, in one dog, the elevated urinary L-FABP level did not return to normal.
Conclusion: Although the clinical symptoms of acquired FS in dogs could be improved by the elimination of a causative factor, the severity of tubular damage described by urinary L-FABP may not be necessarily linked to the degree of functional deterioration. Therefore, the evaluation of proximal tubular damage by L-FABP may be of clinical value during the follow-up of acquired FS in canines.
Paramyxoviruses in Rodents: A Review
Authors: Qawiem Firdaus , Yasmin Abd , Arshad Siti , Norfitriah Mohamed , Fazila Saulol
Published: November 2022

Paramyxoviruses have been shown to infect a wide range of hosts, including rodents, and humans. Several novel murine paramyxoviruses have been discovered in the last several decades. Although these viruses are unclassified, they are recognised as Beilong virus, Mojiang virus, and Tailam virus in rats, Jeilongvirus, Nariva, Novel Paju Apodemus paramyxovirus -1 and -2 (PAPV-1 and PAPV-2) in mice, and Pentlands paramyxovirus (PenPV) -1, -2, and -3 in squirrels. These paramyxoviruses were reported mainly in China and a few other countries like Australia, the Republic of Korea, Trinidad, and France. The classified paramyxovirus, Sendai virus in rodents was also reviewed. Paramyxoviruses infection in rodents leads to respiratory distress such as necrotizing rhinitis, tracheitis, bronchiolitis, and interstitial pneumonia. Infections caused by paramyxoviruses often spread between species, manifesting disease in spillover hosts, including humans. In June 2012, it becomes a great concern in China whereby, three miners were reported dead potentially caused by a novel zoonotic Mojiang virus, a henipa-like virus isolated from tissues samples of rats from the same cave. Rats are considered to be natural hosts for the Mojiang virus from the literature research. This review focuses on the paramyxoviruses in rodents, including the epidemiological distributions, transmission and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and control and prevention of paramyxoviruses infection to provide a better understanding of these highly mutating viruses.
Insecticidal Efficacy and Safety of Phoxim and Influence on Hematological, Biochemical, and Antioxidant Profiles in German Shepherd Dogs
Authors: Maghraby Mamdouh , Mahmoud Ahmed , Abdelkhalek Dina , Sallam Nahla , Aly Abdelfatah , Elaziz Aliaa , Soliman Essam
Published: November 2022

Background: Dogs’ health and welfare enhancement can be achieved using some prophylactics and immunization go with strict hygienic and optimum biosecurity measures.
Aim: Exploration of the insecticidal action of Phoxim® for combating Rhipicephalus sanguineus infestation in dogs and its prophylactic influences on the blood indices, biochemistry, antioxidant enzymes, and cortisol hormone in healthy and infested dogs.
Methods: Twenty German Shepherd male dogs at one year old and 44.0 kg were divided randomly into four groups of five dogs in four separate Kennels with optimum biosecurity measures. The 1st group (G1) was artificially infested with R. sanguineus and treated with Phoxim®, the 2nd (G2) was non-infested and treated with Phoxim®, the 3rd (G3) was infested with R. sanguineus and not treated (positive control), and the 4th (G4) was accounted as negative control (non-infested and non-treated). A total of 160 (80 whole blood and 80 sera) samples were collected.
Results: Parasitological examination revealed prominent characteristic features of R. sanguineus such as a distinct anal groove, the basis capitulum is hexagonal and lateral, the palpi are short, the second segment of the palpi as long as wide and not produced laterally, and the spiracular plate is comma-shaped and consists of stigma, peritreme, and tail. The results conveyed highly significant (p < 0.01) enhancement in erythrocytes, leukocytes, hematohiston, hematocrit, hemoglobin centering, granulocytes, alanine aminotransferase, random blood sugars, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, and highly significant (p < 0.01) declines of all measured antioxidant enzymes in treated non-infested dogs.
Conclusion: Phoxim® proved efficient insecticidal activity with optimum safety and can be brought into play in the prophylactic biosecurity measures installed to eradicate external parasitism in dogs.
PID Control Implementation in Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) Water Mixing Tank via Ziegler-Nichols and Direct Synthesis Methods
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology (Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai), Sree Sastha Nagar, Chembarabakkam, Chennai – 600123, India, Shanmugam Kirubanandan
Published: November 2022

This study deals with the modeling of two PI controllers to control first-order systems (cold water [CW] to tank level and hot water [HW] to temperature) using Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) and direct synthesis methods and to test both controllers for set-point tracking and disturbance rejection modes for Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) water mixing tank. The ZN method is a technique used for tuning controllers, and it used both proportional and integral actions in the present investigation. This method was performed by setting the integral (I) and derivative (D) gains to zero. It was applied to the open-loop reaction of the process to the change in the water level and the temperature (the control variables) and the plotter on the computer recorded the response. The evaluated process variables, such as K (for the proportional action) and ? (for the integral action), are plugged into the ZN equation with the specific multiplier constants for the gains of a controller with PI actions. The ZN technique was utilized to obtain a PI controller for both the CW to tank level system and the HW to temperature system. The direct synthesis (DS) method was applied to a desired closed-loop transfer function. The design of the controller was based on a process model. This method was applied to set-point changes in the control system and later fixed to responses to disturbances. The DS technique was implemented on the two systems, the CW to tank level and the HW to temperature. It was able to control the impact of the sensitive HW to temperature system. However, the controller performance across the CW to tank level system was extremely inefficient as oscillations were observed.
System Identification and Characteristics of Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) Water Mixing Equipment
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology (Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai), Sree Sastha Nagar, Chembarabakkam, Chennai – 600123, India, Shanmugam Kirubanandan
Published: November 2022

Multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) water mixing equipment is a prototype used to study the process control concepts. This equipment is used for manipulating multiple inputs and their effect on the outputs. The input variables are hot water (HW) temperature, cold water (CW) temperature, and flow rate of HW and CW. The output variables are the level of the water in the tank, the temperature of the water, and the flow of outlet water. The changes in controlled variables with the effect of manipulated variables were investigated. The transfer function for the given experimental setup was developed and the time constant for the given system was also developed. These transfer function and analysis of MIMO can be useful for the analysis of various MIMO-based process equipments.
Key Success Factors for Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Projects within SMEs
Authors: Hamida Abdul , Alshehhia Amal , Abdullaha Adil , Mohamed Elsir
Published: November 2022

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has emerged as a must-have capability for the modern firm irrespective of size and sector. The importance of CRM can be attributed to the need for today’s businesses to be customer-centric or customer-focused. As a business strategy, CRM seeks to develop and improve relationships with targeted customers to optimize customer value, competitiveness, and corporate profitability. While CRM has a truly strong business case, approximately 70% of CRM implementation projects do not create the intended business value. With this in mind, this work has reviewed relevant literature and explored 8 CSFs that can guide SMEs wishing to successfully implement CRM projects. The 8 CSFs cover the people, technologies, and processes – the core elements of a CRM strategy. In particular, the 8 CSFs include senior leadership sponsorship, customer-oriented CRM strategy, effective change management, customer data quality and availability, human resource management, the right CRM technology, CRM implementation methodology, and systems integration. Future studies may consider ranking the significance of the 8 CSFs based on the findings of an empirical research.
Analytics for Smart Keys application and User interface of streaming data
Authors: Habbal Firas
Published: November 2022

Big data has been a challenge for organizations and technology professionals because conventional software applications have struggled in the maintenance and analysis of big data. These software applications did not consider the immense growth of user generated data and struggled to keep up with the pace of the technology. It necessitated developing new applications that focused on the principles of artificial intelligence and data mining such that a heuristic search could provide meaningful results for big data. Smart keys applications and user interface of data streaming are two examples where it is crucial to manage big data for gaining competitive advantage in the contemporary context. This study analyses different aspects of big data in the context of analytics for smart keys application and user interface of streaming data. The study is based on the collection and analysis of secondary data. Data was collected from peer-reviewed journal articles, books, technology magazines, and other authenticated sources. The findings of the study indicated significant benefits of using big data analytics in smart keys applications and user streaming for big data. These applications are the best candidates for applying the concepts of big data analytics and organizations can gain a competitive advantage from the implementation.
Experimental investigation of nucleation process in gas-condensate systems at the pressure above the dew point
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil Academy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Malikov H.Kh. , Ismayilov Sh.Z. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil Academy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Suleymanov A.A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil Academy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Novruzaliyev B.F. Novruzaliyev ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: November 2022

The paper summarizes the experimental results on gas-condensate mixtures densities change at pressures higher than the dew point curve in free volume and in porous medium. Based on the experiments conducted, gas-condensate mixture density reduction effect at pressures exceeding the dew point pressure was revealed, and this effect is related to a new phase nuclei formation, or nucleation. The obtained results allow clarifying the new phase micronuclei formation and development mechanism in the gas-condensate systems at pressures above the dew point pressure.
Assessment of the possibilities of using nanostructured composition to prevent salt deposition in oil production processes
Authors:   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Jabbarova K.Sh.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the development of a nanostructured composition that can prevent salt deposition of highly mineralized reservoir waters in the technological processes of oil production. The protective effect of nanostructured compounds formed by surfactants and their compositions together with graphene, taunite, and fullerene nanoparticles against salt deposition has been studied, and their high activity against salt crystals in reservoir waters and an increase in the induction cycle of salt deposition were established.
Determination the initial value and change behaviour of the reservoir permeability via two field measurements
Authors:   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Jamalbayov M. A. , Ibrahimov Kh. M. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Jamalbayli T. M. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: November 2022

The paper proposes a technique for interpreting the results of hydrodynamic studies of volatile and non-volatile oil wells at two steady-state regimes in order to determine the initial value and coefficient of variation in effective permeability of the reservoir. It is developed based on a binary filtration model, where the hydrocarbon system is represented as consisting of two pseudocomponents and two phases, between which mass transfer of hydrocarbons takes place. The proposed methodology requires well flow rates measured at two different steady-state well conditions for two different reservoir pressures and thermodynamic data of the hydrocarbon system at reservoir conditions. The methodology has been validated using examples of hypothetical volatile and non-volatile oil reservoirs at different rock deformation ratios and for nondeformable reservoirs. It has also been tested under different development stages and measurement conditions. For this purpose, a computer simulation of the oil reservoir depletion process was carried out, the results of which were used as well test data. Satisfactory accuracy and reliability of the outlined approach has been established. As deviations of calculated values of required parameters from their actual values did not exceed 8%.
Prevention of corrosion destruction of oilfield equipment by composition based on technical phosphatides
Authors:   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Mamedov K. A. , Gamidova N. S. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: November 2022

A multifunctional reagent based on technical phosphatide and monoethanolamine has been developed to inhibit corrosion and erosion in the system of field pipelines, as well as to reduce the viscosity of oil. The optimal consumption of an inhibitor is recommended to take 500 mg/l. In this case, the corrosion protection effect is 94%, and the destruction efficiency of sulfate-reducing bacteria is 98%. Studies have shown that the same amount of reagent prevents the process of paraffin deposition and reduces the viscosity of the oil. The results of field tests showed that when using the reagent, the corrosion rate decreased on average from 0.6726 g/m2 · hour to 0.0631 g/m2 · hour, while the protective effect was 91%. In addition, this reagent, by reducing the viscosity of oil and reducing hydraulic losses, lowers the flow pressure from 0.14 to 0.1 MPa, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency and integrity of the transport system.