bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The critical appraisal of randomized controlled trials published in an Indian journal to assess the quality of reporting
Authors: Gupta Sandeep Kumar , Tiwari Ravi Kant , Goel Raj Kumar
Published: January 2021

Background:

Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the highest levels of evidence, they might not necessarily be of good quality. Hence, RCTs should always be appraised critically. Critical appraisal is the corroboration of evidence by methodically studying its validity, reliability, and applicability.

Objective:

The primary objective of this study was to do a critical appraisal of the RCTs published in Indian Journal of Pharmacology (IJP) from 2011 to 2016. The secondary objective was to scrutinize how adequately the published RCTs adhere to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) declaration.

Materials and Methods:

The present study included all RCTs published as full-text articles in IJP from January 2011 to December 2016. The identified RCTs were critically appraised using the critical appraisal checklist based on CONSORT 2010 guidelines and its extensions.

Results:

According to this analysis, 75% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56–0.87) of the articles had given details about the sample size calculation. Nearly 89.29% (95% CI: 0.72–0.96) of the articles described the method for generating random allocation sequence, but only 35.71% (95% CI: 0.20–0.54) of the articles described allocation concealment method. Almost 35.71% (95% CI: 0.20–0.54) of the trials reported results as per the principle of the intention to treat (ITT). Nearly 21.43% (95% CI: 0.10–0.39) of the studies reported CIs in the present study.

Conclusion:

Allocation concealment method, analysis of the data based on the ITT principle, and reporting CIs were found to be underreported in this study. There should be more emphasis on reporting of allocation concealment, ITT analysis, and CI.
Knowledge, attitudes, and perception of 398 cancer patients toward participation in clinical trials
Authors: Biswkarma Vishal Kumar , Rohatgi Nitesh , Saxena Rajesh , Gupta S. K.
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective:

Clinical trials are considered to be the gold standard research methodology for evaluating the efficacy and safety of healthcare interventions.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted using standardized self-administered questionnaires prepared by the research team and statistician. The questionnaires were offered to cancer patients presented at a tertiary care center.

Results:

We surveyed 398 cancer patients, 193 (48.5%) males and 205 (51.5%) females with a mean (±standard deviation) 55.39 (±13.59) of age in years. Out of total, only 59 (14.82%) had the prior knowledge of the clinical trial. Forty-three (10.80%) participants were willing to participate in clinical trials.

Conclusion:

Cancer patients had preconceived notions and myths that linger in our society that clinical trial participation will harm them. The researchers/oncologists need to explore the rationale, objectives, and benefits of taking part in clinical trials and make it easy to understand by cancer patients.
Comparison of efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of sertaconazole and luliconazole cream in patients with dermatophytoses
Authors: Dakhale Ganesh N. , Gupta Ashish V. , Mukhi Jayesh I. , Kalikar Mrunalini V.
Published: January 2021

Objective:

To compare efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of sertaconazole (2%) and luliconazole (1%) cream in patients with dermatophytoses.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-four patients with tinea corporis and tinea cruris infections were enrolled in this single-center, randomized, open–label, parallel study. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were randomly divided into two treatment groups and received either sertaconazole 2% cream applied topically twice daily for 4 weeks and luliconazole 1% cream once daily for 2 weeks. At follow-up, efficacy was assessed clinically using 4-point physician global assessment (PGA) scale, composite score, and mycologically by KOH mount. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse drug events at each visit.

Results:

The primary efficacy variables including changes in pruritus, erythema, vesicle, and desquamation (4-point PGA) were significantly (P < 0.0001) improved in both the groups, at the end of treatment. There was a significant reduction in mean total composite score (pruritus, erythema, vesicle, and desquamation) after the end of treatment in the sertaconazole group (P = 0.0002) compared to the luliconazole group. Both the groups showed equal negative mycological assessment. Both the study drugs were well tolerated. Only one patient in the sertaconazole group showed allergic contact dermatitis.

Conclusion:

Sertaconazole was better than luliconazole in relieving signs and symptoms during the study and follow-up period, but cost-effectiveness wise, luliconazole was better than sertaconazole.
An Efficient Face Mask Detector with PyTorch and Deep Learning
Authors: Basha CMAK. Zeelan , Pravallika B.N. Lakshmi , Shankar E. Bharani
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: The outbreak ofacoronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global health epidemic that has had a major effect on the way we view our environment and our daily lives. The Covid-19 affected numbers are rising at a tremendous pace. Because of that, many countries face an economic catastrophe, recession, and much more. One thing we should do is to separate ourselves from society, remain at home, and detach ourselves from the outside world. But that's no longer a choice, people need to earn to survive, and nobody can remain indefinitely within their homes. As a precaution, people should wear masks while keeping social distance, but some ignore such things and walk around.OBJECTIVES: To develop aFace Mask Detector with OpenCV, PyTorch, and Deep Learning that helps to detect whether or not a person wears a mask.METHODS: A Neural Network model called ResNet is trained on the dataset. Furthermore, this work makes use of the inbuilt Face Detector after training. Finally, we predict whether or not a person is wearing a mask along with the percentage of the face covered or uncovered.RESULTS: The validation results have been proposed to be 97% accurate when compared to applying different algorithms.CONCLUSION: This Face Mask Detection System was found to be apt for detecting whether or not people wear masks in public places which contribute to their health and also to the health of their contacts in this COVID-19 pandemic.
Augmenting Surgery: Medical Students’ Assessment and Ergonomics of 3D Holograms vs. CT Scans for Pre-Operative Planning
Authors: Triberti Stefano , Petrella Francesco , Gorini Alessandra , Pappalardo Omar , Sebri Valeria , Savioni Lucrezia , Redaelli Alberto , Pravettoni Gabriella
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: Mixed reality (MR) allows surgeons to pre-operatively assess patients’ anatomy (e.g., tissue to be removed). However, medical students have limited access to this technology, and express both the desire to try it and suspicious attitudes.OBJECTIVES: To assess students’ experience with traditional vs. innovative technology for pre-operative planning.METHODS: 11 medical students analyzed a lung cancer case using CT scans or a 3D hologram (MR) and assessed the technology in terms of mental workload, emotions and formative value.RESULTS: MR resulted in less cognitive load and effort, shorter response time and more positive emotions. No differences emerged in formative value, but the students expressed the desire to be trained both in traditional and innovative technology for pre-operative planning.CONCLUSION: Medical students respond positively to “hands-on” experiences of technology for pre-operative planning. The time may be ripe to include MR in medical formation.
Design of a Novel Ensemble Model of Classification Technique for Gene-Expression Data of Lung Cancer with Modified Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Kumar Chandrakar Prem , Kumar Shrivas Akhilesh , Sahu Neelam
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: Gene expression levels are important for identifying and diagnosing diseases like cancer. Gene expression microarray information contains a high extent feature set, which minimizes the performance and the accuracy of classifiers.OBJECTIVES: This paper proposes a Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA) that is based on Classifier Subset Evaluators – Genetic Search (Eval-CSE_GS) for selecting the relevant feature subsets. The MGA feature selection procedure is applied to microarray information for cancer patients that minimize a high dimension feature subset into low dimension feature subsets.METHODS: The various data mining methods for classifying the various kinds of cancer disease patients are presented. The proposed model refers to an ensemble model (PEM) for the organization of cancer disease by reducing the feature subsets, which results show improvements in the success rate.RESULTS: The proposed ensemble model obtains the accuracy of 94.58%, 96.56% and 97.04% for PEM-1 to PEM-3, respectively.CONCLUSION: Our proposed MGA-PEM model gives satisfactory results for cancer identification and classification.
Abrasion Resistance Testing - Vehicle Exterior Graphics and Pin Striping
Authors:   Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Published: January 2021

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to the abrasion resistance testing of decorative tapes, graphics, and pin striping. It may also have relevance to certain vehicle labels and plastic wood grain film.

The resistance to abrasive damage is judged qualitatively by its effect on the legibility, pattern, and color of the graphic marking.

This recommended practice is intended as a guide toward standard practice but may be subject to frequent change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This should be kept in mind when considering the use of this recommended practice.
Peel Adhesion Test for Glass to Elastomeric Material for Automotive Glass Encapsulation
Authors:   Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Published: January 2021

This recommended practice defines a procedure for the construction and testing of a 180 deg peel specimen for the purpose of determining the bondability of glass to elastomeric material in automotive modular glass. This test method suggests that elastomeric material of less than 172 mpa modulus be used as the encapsulating material. The present practice of encapsulating automotive glass is described as molded-in-place elastomeric material onto the outer edge of the glass using thermoplastic or thermosetting material that quickly sets in the mold. The glass is removed from the mold with the cured elastomeric material bonded to the perimeter of the glass. This encapsulated glass module can now be bonded with a sealant adhesive into the body opening of a vehicle.
Electrocoat Compatibilities of Automotive Sealers
Authors:   Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Published: January 2021

This SAE Recommended Practice sets forth a method for determining the compatibility of automotive sealers with cathodic electrocoat primer.
Accelerated Environmental Testing for Bonded Automotive Assemblies
Authors:   Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Published: January 2021

This SAE Recommended Practice defines conditions to which bonded assemblies can be exposed to simulate environmental aging. These recommendations are generally based on existing Original Equipment Manufacturer requirements at this time. (Environmental specifications used for this proposal were from General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler.) The substrate type, dimension, and number are described by the standard for materials being tested and should include control specimens which receive no environmental aging.
Methods of Tests for Automotive-Type Sealers, Adhesives, and Deadeners
Authors:   Materials, Processes and Parts Council
Published: January 2021

This SAE Recommended Practice contains a series of test methods for use in measuring characteristics of automotive-type sealers, adhesives, and deadeners. The test methods which are contained in this document are as follows:

ADS-1—Methods of Determining Viscosity

ADS-2—Low Temperature Tests

ADS-3—Weld-Through Tests

ADS-4—Enamel, Lacquer, and Fabric Staining Test

ADS-5—Wash-Off Resistance Test

ADS-7—Solids Test

ADS-8—Flash Point Test

ADS-9—Sag and Bridging Tests

ADS-10—Flow Test

The intent of this document is to provide a series of test methods which can be used in testing the various qualities of sealers, adhesives, and deadener material. In later revisions of this document, attempts will be made to reduce the number of tests now presented. The specific temperatures and times at which some of these tests are to be conducted are not dictated in these test procedures, but they will be found in the material standards which govern each type of material to be tested.
The Category of Asian Studies in Chile
Authors: Maire Gonzalo
Published: January 2021

This research article consists of a study on the category of Asian Studies in Chile. The work aims to describe, synchronously, three instances that characterize its contingency: first, the process of objectivation of “Asia”; second, the rules that enable its enunciability and field within knowledge; and, third, the central discourses that intertwine it. Thus, this work proposes that the category of Asian Studies in Chile is composed of at least three rules of enunciation: the notion of bridging, practicality and similarity. Such concepts allow the limitation and organization of the different discursive regions of Asian Studies, the range of things it can say and the ways in which Asia occurs as an object of study.
An Exceptional Portrait of Yang Zhu and Mozi
Authors: Chang Yao-Cheng
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the coupling in early texts of two masters, Yang Zhu 楊朱 and Mo Di 墨翟. The two thinkers are most famously paired in the Mencius as the prominent preachers of extreme doctrines, while they are also sometimes presented in other early texts such as the Zhuangzi and Han Feizi as useless debaters on trivial topics. These alternative portrayals of Yang-Mo are usually simplified as a second-rate imitation or repetition of the standard Mencian depiction. The paper argues that such a reading represents a serious misunderstanding of the pre-imperial textual transmission. Unfamiliarity with Yang-Mo as sophists may also be the result of the unconscious acceptance of Mencius’ description. The unconventional portrayal of Yang-Mo, very likely relatively unrelated to Mencius’ portrayal, had its own history in early China. Presented in various contexts, this alternative Yang-Mo image was once circulated in various forms for different intended audiences.
Shadowlands of Objectivism and Comprehensiveness
Authors: Vrhovski Jan
Published: January 2021

The article aims at presenting an overview of the main concepts in the philosophical thought of Zhang Shenfu, one of the leading intellectuals from Republican China (1912–1949). The study sets out from a brief summary of Zhang’s intellectual achievements, and proceeds by offering a more concise picture of the main influences, developmental stages and finally also central ideas of Zhang’s thought. By offering a general view on the concrete confluences and dissonances between the keystones of Zhang’s philosophy on one side, and its alleged sources in Western and Chinese philosophy on the other, this study further aims at presenting a new insight into the unique characteristics of Zhang’s philosophy. At the same time, by setting the discussion on Zhang’s philosophy in a broader context of contemporary intellectual discourse, the article also endeavours to establish a tentative basis for the future critical analyses and potential revaluations of Zhang Shenfu’s role in intellectual history of modern China.
Freedom of information, right to express and social media in India
Authors: Mathew Meera
Published: January 2021

People's right to know, to hold opinions, right to access, to seek and receive information, as well as to disseminate and impart ideas, despite frontiers, are protected under all democratic nations' constitutional right of freedom of expression. This duty to inform and disseminate news is undoubtedly the responsibility vested with media as the fourth estate and as a watchdog thereby enabling it to exert due checks and monitors on the working of the nation. By this, it mandates a strong, independent and adequately resourced media to operate in order to serve the general public interest and to place and keep up high standards of journalism. With the changing notions of media and with the prevalence of social media and interactive entertainment platforms, where users write the content, edit the same and disseminate it to the public, the question arises if social media does indeed actually function as ‘media’ as envisioned by our constitutional drafters. Disseminating information accurately to the public is a sacrosanct duty and if such a duty gets affected, the edifice of democracy is devastated. From the traditional media having reliance on what had been circulated, it moved to a system where the ordinary citizen has the capability to manage media technologies and notify own stories creating trends more for a business purpose. This change as named as media-morphosis has also crushed the right to be informed accurately. Against this backdrop, this article addresses the rising frequency of disinformation ‒ occasionally indicated as ‘misinformation’ or ‘fake news’ in social media, inflamed by both states and non-state stakeholders, plus the diverse issues to which they perhaps are a causative part or key source. It also critically evaluates the obligation states have to enable a conducive environment for freedom of expression that comprise encouraging and defending diverse media however, simultaneously, to curtail any sort of misinformation being disseminated to its people. As is evident from the title of this article, the jurisprudential aspects of freedom of information vis-a-vis the freedom to disseminate are examined where the primary examination focus is on – if media that is used to keep a watchful eye on the dealings of government and act as a champion of the public's right to know, has departed from this constitutional duty with the emergence of social media. Moreover, the nexus between ‘contours of expression to disseminate the information’ and ‘extent of limitations as to such information dissemination’ will be analysed. To illustrate, Indian legal framework is used and applied. In its conclusion the author endeavours to question the unwarranted benefit social media enjoys as ‘intermediary’ and as ‘media’ thereby ponders if the current Indian legal framework is adequate to deal with the ramifications.
Common features of video games and social networks: importance for international taxation
Authors: Vvedenskaya Anna
Published: January 2021

In the last decade, significant review and change have been done regarding the taxation of profits from multinational companies. The OECD BEPS Action 1 is focused on granting additional taxing rights to jurisdictions where the customers of the service are located. This is because consumers add to the value creation process (prosumers), together with the company itself.

Many enterprises do not have a physical presence at market jurisdictions because of the worldwide digitalization of the business process. With distant sales, they avoid sufficient taxation at the source countries.

Multiple jurisdictions, businesses, and individuals provided various taxing rights allocation proposals. OECD considered some of them as possible ways to address the issue of under-taxation at market jurisdiction.

This article evaluates the applicability of the OECD analysis of the value creation to the video games industry under the angle of differences and similarities between single-player and multi-player video games with social networks. This work is focused on the differences related to user participation and network effects for the value creation process. It explores the importance of the user participation and network effects for the value creation process of single-player and multi-player video games, to find if that respective taxing rights allocation should be different for these types of video game. It also analyses main proposals on taxing rights allocation, their applicability to the industry, and if these proposals acknowledge the differences in value creation based on the network effects of the video game.

It was found that the existing proposals are not always consistent with the preparatory work on value creation analysis performed by the OECD and do not consider the named differences. The results of this work support the position that the proposals, including the most recent one, meet the existing urge for the taxing rights reallocation, but are mainly politically-driven and not always in line with the existing principles of international tax law.
Copyright law issues in the context of video game Let's Plays and livestreams
Authors: Tie Anna-Lisa
Published: January 2021

Video game content has grown increasingly popular on internet service providers such as YouTube and Twitch. This genre of uploaded material includes the gameplay of internet users, in the form of pre-recorded ‘Let's Play’ videos, as well as livestreamed playthroughs. However, the application of current copyright law principles to these kinds of content is still a grey area. This legal uncertainty can be attributed to the absence of binding judicial precedent on whether video game Let's Plays and livestreams constitute copyright infringement or fair use. More recent legislative provisions intended to update copyright law for current digital technology provide little assistance, as their implementation by internet platforms has perpetuated a practice of favouring the interests of game developers over users who produce Let's Plays and livestreams. This article discusses the problems of applying existing copyright law to video game playthroughs uploaded online, as well as the drawbacks of the automated tools YouTube and Twitch have developed to manage these types of content in their systems. In order to address these issues, suggestions for copyright law reform will be explored. However, in the absence of imminent legislative amendments, I conclude that compulsory licensing arrangements, and making modifications to YouTube's and Twitch's content scanning tools are the most viable means of achieving a better balance between the interests of game developers, the internet platforms, and Let's Play creators and game streamers.
My face is yours: facial recognition software and copyright ownership
Authors: Moline Danae Bacells
Published: January 2021

The popular NBA 2K series include a facial recognition software that scans the user's face to generate a lookalike avatar. However, end user licence agreements provide for all intellectual property rights, including copyright, to be licensed or assigned to game publishers or developers. Consequently, the user may have no say whether an avatar with their facial features may be used, for instance in advertising for the game. In addition, the facial features stored in the game may be biometric data, and thus subject to strict data protection rules. This paper will analyse whether the avatar generated using a face scan is a copyrightable work of authorship. The analysis questions whether the face scan fits into different categories of works; photography, film and databases, including the sui generis photography and database rights. It concludes that copyright fails to protect the individual's facial features. Even so, the ownership clause in licence agreements on the one hand and the facial features as biometric data on the other further complicate the question of what the individual can assert as his own.
Uwagi o pandemii COVID-19 w Polsce. Perspektywa polityki zdrowotnej
Authors: Włodarczyk Włodzimierz C.
Published: January 2021

Remarks on COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland. A Health Policy Perspective Occurrence of the COVID-19 Pandemic was totally unexpected, and governments of all countries were surprised. Pandemics always raises the feel­ing of fear and health policy is interested in such phenomena. In this specific case it was fully justified as COVID-19 was new and unknown. Every­where the populations found themselves in psychological position presented years ago by Ulrich Beck in book Risk Society. Influencing and shaping society’s emotions – both feelings of safety and feelings of fear had a fundamental importance for social behaviour. In time when first information about COVID-19 came from China and Poland was still free from any infection, the government’s representatives tried to play down the seriousness of the virus and equated the COVID-19 to a seasonal flu. At that time, it could have been justified as an attempt to avoid panic. But with the first episodes of infections the tone of messages essentially changed, and the virus was presented as a lethal danger. Such a con­text was applied as a direct rationalization of general lockdown and a broad catalogue of restrictions in social contacts. However, when The Presidential Election was approaching (with the act of balloting demanding presence of people in a polling station), the content of messages presented to the public changed again. In the new version the virus itself was shown as rather innocent and the pandemic was contained and under control. In this way all voters, including elderly people, were encouraged to take part in the election. If lessons are to be drawn from the past, we might conclude that in time of a pandemic, the instrumental management of social emotions and feel­ings is not always the best way of communicating with the general public.
Tadeusz Mazowiecki. Katolik w PRL
Authors: Skórzyński Jan
Published: January 2021

Catholic in Communist Poland Tadeusz Mazowiecki was one of the leading Catholic activists and politicians of Solidarity movement. In 1989 he became the first democratic Prime Minister in post-communist Poland. In an unpublished interview from 1984 he speaks about the attitudes of Catholics regarding the communist system, a Polish variant of personal-ism, a dialogue between the Catholic and leftist circles, the values of the Solidarity movement.
Transdisciplinary Approach in Middle School: A Case Study of Co-teaching Practices in STEAM Teams
Authors: Wu Yufei , Cheng Jiaming , Koszalka Tiffany A.
Published: January 2021

A call for educational reform motivated this school system to devise an enhanced version of STEM in their middle school. This case provides rich descriptions of how eighth grade middle school teachers, from multiple disciplines, enacted a STEAM team model that integrated Language Arts into STEM. These STEAM team teachers were systematically studied during field observations of 100+ class sessions using what they referred to as transdisciplinary co-teaching, flexible scheduling, and multiple types of physical spaces to further engage students. Different dimensions of co-teaching were observed. The most frequently observed was reconstructed, followed by predisciplinary, correlated, and shared. Types of instruction other than reconstructed, did not fit the school’s proposed definitions of transdisciplinary co-teaching. Thoughts are shared on lessons learned.
Middle School Mathematics Classrooms Practice Based on 5E Instructional Model
Authors: Turan Serife , Matteson Shirley M
Published: January 2021

The 5E instructional model is known for increasing student engagement and participation in the learning process. While viewing the video recorded lessons of middle school mathematics teachers, the researchers noticed teachers had a difficult time implementing the 5E model with fidelity. This case study explored the extent to which mathematics teachers used the 5E instructional model in their classrooms through analyzing video recorded lessons. The findings illustrate that the challenges of the teacher varied. They had difficulty finding activities related to the phases and moving away from a teacher-centered approach to a student-centered approach were identified as challenges of the teachers. The findings of this study inform educators about the difficulty’s teachers have in implementing the 5E model with fidelity. Also, the researchers elaborate on what phases need to be addressed specifically when teachers are provided professional development regarding lesson instruction.
Laplace Decomposition Method for Solving Fractional Black-Scholes European Option Pricing Equation
Authors: Owoyemi Abiodun Ezekiel , Sumiati Ira , Rusyaman Endang , Sukono Sukono
Published: January 2021

Fractional calculus is related to derivatives and integrals with the order is not an integer. Fractional Black-Scholes partial differential equation to determine the price of European-type call options is an application of fractional calculus in the economic and financial fields. Laplace decomposition method is one of the reliable and effective numerical methods for solving fractional differential equations. Thus, this paper aims to apply the Laplace decomposition method for solving the fractional Black-Scholes equation, where the fractional derivative used is the Caputo sense. Two numerical illustrations are presented in this paper. The results show that the Laplace decomposition method is an efficient, easy and very useful method for finding solutions of fractional Black-Scholes partial differential equations and boundary conditions for European option pricing problems.
Penerapan Branch and Bound Untuk Alternatif Pemiligan Rute Terpendek Dalam Pengiriman Dokumen Pada Perusahaan Freight Forwarder
Authors: Irma Dwiputranti Made , Meidiana Putri Vinny
Published: January 2021

Perkembangan bisnis logistik yang tersebar di seluruh dunia memicu persaingan antara bisnis logistik mereka berusaha memenuhi harapan pelanggan dengan cara memberikan pelayanan yang lebih memuaskan daripada yang dilakukan oleh pesaing. Transportasi juga sangat berperan penting dalam perkembangan industri logistik terutama dalam bidang jasa pengiriman barang karena dalam menjalankan jasa pengiriman barang dibutuhkan moda transortasi untuk memindahkan barang sampai ke tempat tujuan. Oleh karena itu, untuk menjalankan jasa transportasi atau kegiatan distribusi dibutuhkan biaya dan waktu yang besar sehingga efisiensi dibidang transportasi sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi total biaya dan waktu. Pada perusahaan Freight Forwarder terdapat suatu departemen ekspor dan impor dimana didalamnya terdapat tim Delivery Order yang bertugas untuk mengurus dokumen hingga DO selesai dan dikirim. Messenger yang bertugas untuk mengambil DO ke pelayaran tidak dapat mengambil dokumen tepat waktu karena adanya keterlambatan dan penyebabnya utamanya adalah rute tidak optimal yang harus dilalui oleh messenger dalam pengambilan DO ke pelayaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan dapat menggunakan alternatif jalur terpendek dimana menghasilkan jarak tempuh dari 91,6 km menjadi 76,13 km. Metode ini dapat di gunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan penentuan jalur terpendek yang digunakan untuk meminimalkan waktu distribusi dengan cara mencari jarak dan rute terdekat.
Survey based on Channel Estimation in MIMO Techniques
Authors: S Gunanandhini , G Sowndharya , G Dhivyasri , K Vinothkumar
Published: January 2021

In wireless communication system, Signals are distorted due to noise, fading of multipath and interference. Different methods are used to counteract such effects. By using the MIMO technique, effects of fading can be reduced. In these techniques multiple signals are transmitted and received through multiple antennas, the received signal can be distorted by fading. To retrieve the signal that is transmitted, received signal could be estimated by using channel estimation techniques. Space Time Block Codes (Alamouti code), Minimum Mean Square and Zero forcing are the channel estimation techniques for MIMO scheme. The paper mainly focuses to analyse and simulate the channel estimation technique with modulation techniques like BPSK schemes. In addition to that, simulation can be performed implemented in MATLAB.
Miniaturized Angularly Stable Dual Band Frequency Selective Surface for K and Ka Band
Authors: M Singaram , E Krishna Kumar , V Chandraprasad , Shadrach Finney Daniel , Manoharan Gowthaman
Published: January 2021

A single layer novel compact frequency selective surface which is used in reflector antenna is designed and simulated. The proposed unit cell reflects electromagnetic waves in K and Ka band with maximum reflection occurring at 22.62 GHz and 35.44 GHz respectively. The designed FSS find its application in satellite communication. A crossed dipole structure in center and two-legged structure in corners with square loop in each quadrant makes the FSS unit cell structure. The FSS is designed with oblique incidence for transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization with return loss 0.3 dB in 22.62 GHz and less than 0.5 dB in 35.44 GHz. The proposed work shows frequency independence against oblique angle of incidence. The simulated result from CST microwave studio is compared with other similar works.
Language Policies of the Central Asian States
Authors:   Central Asian Bureau for Analytical Reporting (CABAR.asia), Bekmyrzaev Nurbek
Published: January 2021

The publication “Language Policies of the Central Asian States ” was developed by Nurbek Bekmurzaev on the basis of the IWPR Representative Office in Central Asia and the regional analytical platform CABAR.asia.
CDESACL Conception and Development of Educational Scenarios for an Adaptive Online Training Device Based on Collaborative/Cooperative Learning: Work Methodology
Authors:   S2IPU, ENS Tétouan, UAE Tétouan, Kawtar Zargane
Published: January 2021

The objective of this work is twofold, on the one hand, it concerns the definition of the basic concepts of our theoretical framework which touches the adaptive e-learning, the pedagogical scenario, and collaborative/cooperative learning. On the other hand, it concerns the proposal of a work methodology to lead to the design and realization of educational scenarios based on collaboration for adaptive online training.
Myeloperoxidase: indicator of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients of tertiary care hospital of Karachi
Authors: Sabeela Noor  , Faiza Alam  , Fasiha Fatima  , Shehryar Orakzai  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Objective: To estimate the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in various stages of CKD and correlate them with inflammatory marker (CRP) and lipid profile.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Biochemistry Department, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (J.P.M.C.) with collaboration of the Nephrology Department of J.P.M.C from January 2013 to September 2014. 150 participant were allocated into Group A: healthy subjects (GFR >90 ml/min/1.73m2, n=66) and Group B: CKD patients (GFR<90 ml/min/1.73m2, n=84). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, CRP and myeloperoxidase were estimated. Data was presented in Mean±SD. Comparison of means within groups was performed by Mann-Whitney U test, where p-values <0.05 were considered significant.Results: With mean age of 55.64 ± 5.63 years, weight and BMI, TG, VLDL C-reactive proteins and MPO was significantly higher in in group B (p<0.001), however cholesterol and LDL-C showed no significant difference between the groups.). CRP and MPO levels demonstrated an increasing trend with decreasing GFR. Serum myeloperoxidase was found to have a significantly positive association with C-reactive protein (r = 0.710, p<0.01), cholesterol (r = 0.240, p <0.01), triglycerides (r = 0.509, p <0.01), LDL- cholesterol (r = 0.226, p <0.01) and VLDL-cholesterol (r = 0.494, p <0.01), while negative correlation with HDL- cholesterol (r= -0.370, p <0.01).Conclusion: Myeloperoxidase concentration and its relationship with lipid profile and hs-CRP in CKD patients prompts a mechanistic relationship between cardiovascular burdens in CKD patients. How ever detailed studies are required for further exploration of this link. Continuous...
To assess the role of cataract extraction in glaucoma management by its intraocular pressure lowering effect
Authors: Muhammad Ifraheem Khan  , Saba Ali Arif  , Muhammad Tanweer Hassan Khan  , Muhammad Adnan Khan  , Muhammad Saleem  , Admin
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: To measure the mean change of intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients with cataract after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implanted in capsular bag.
Methods: A total of 40 patients who had uncomplicated cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with IOL implant in the capsular bag in glaucomatous eyes of age 30-80 years were included. Patients with corneal pathologies or had corneal refractive procedure, history of ocular trauma, uveitis, retinal pathologies or other ocular comorbids were excluded. Visual acuity, IOP, slit lamp examination, fundoscopy, visual fields, details about topical medication and relevant history was recorded not more than 5 days before cataract extraction. IOP was recorded (first individually, then average of all) by Goldman’s applanation tonometer one day before surgery, 1 month and 3 months post op.
Results: Age range in this study was from 30 to 80 years with mean age of 52.23 ± 9.44 years. Majority of the patients i.e. 28 (70.0%) were between 30 to 55 years of age. Out of these 40 patients, 19 (47.50%) were male and 21 (52.50%) were females with male to female ratio of 1:1.1. Mean pre-operative IOP was 20.42 ± 1.69 mmHg, after 1 month of surgery was 18.55 ± 0.90 mmHg and after 3 months was 17.03 ± 1.19 mmHg (p-value = 0.0001).
Conclusion: This study concluded that there is significant change of intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients with cataract after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery with IOL implanted in capsular bag.
Keywords: Glaucoma, phacoemulsification, intraocular pressure
Continuous...
EFFECT OF WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF FAST-MOVING CONSUMER GOODS MANUFACTURERS IN KENYA
Authors: Muhalia Eric Jepherson , Ngugi Patrick Karanja , Moronge Makori
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of warehouse management systems on supply chain performance of fast-moving consumer goods manufacturers in Kenya

Methodology: The study adopted descriptive research design. The unit of observation was the operations manager of the 51 FMCG manufacturers located in Nairobi. The sampling frame of the current study consisted of operations managers in the manufacturers of the FMCGs in Nairobi. The study used the census method to select 51 manufacturers of the FMCGs in Nairobi, thus the sample of the study was 51 respondents. Primary data was used in the study. The study used questionnaires to collect data. Mixed methods technique of analyzing data was used where both descriptive and inferential analysis were used. The data collected from the field was analyzed using SPSS 23 program. The questionnaires were referenced and the items in them coded for easier data entry. The presentation of the findings was done using tables.

Results: The study found that warehouse management systems positively and significantly influences Supply chain performance of FMCG in Kenya. The study found that the respondents were in agreement that warehouse management system helps to reduce picking errors; warehouse management system facilities the maximum use of storage space; warehouse management system helps to optimize stock control; warehouse management system improves work productivity; and that warehouse management system guide workers through risk assessments and flag up warehouse safety requirements.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that when warehouse management systems are improved, supply chain performance of the company improves as well. The study recommends management of the company to ensure they remain informed on the changes in the market to ensure that their warehouse management system is up-to-date and therefore avoid process redundancy and inaccurate inventories. There is a need to use strategic approach in practices of managing logistics by embracing modernized technology and training of employees on the use of the same.
ASSESSING FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OBSERVED LEVELS OF ADHERENCE TO ANTIRABIES PEP VACCINE AMONG ANIMAL BITE VICTIMS IN MACHAKOS LEVEL FIVE HOSPITAL
Authors: Gichohi Alice N , Kombe Dr. Yeri , Mwaniki Dr.Peter , Mutahi Dr.Joseph , Macharia Anne G
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with observed levels of adherence to ant rabies PEP vaccine among animal bite victims in Machakos level five hospital.Methodology: The study used Cross sectional study design. It utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was collected by use of semi-structured questionnaires, physical examination sheet and key informant interview. The study population was victims of animal bites who revisited the health facility for the scheduled PEP vaccine. Random Sampling was used to select the revisiting animal bite victims until a sample size of 68 was achieved. Purposive sampling was used to select health care workers directly involved in management of animal bite victims until a sample size of three was achieved. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and excel computer programs. Qualitative data was analyzed by content analysis. Binary logistic regression and multivariate regression was done.Results: The study findings established that knowledge of rabies significantly affects the level of adherence to antirabies PEP vaccine. At least 48.50% of the respondents admitted that they have no knowledge of rabies and 75% had no knowledge of prevention of rabies. The study also found out that affordability of the cost of PEP vaccine is statistically associated with adherence to anti-rabies PEP vaccination.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study concluded that: the level of adherence and the overall awareness not only of anti-rabies PEP vaccine, the follow-up of victims to check on the completion of the anti-rabies PEP vaccine schedule but also the management of wounds before visiting health facilities among animal bite victims in MKS L5 Hospital is low, thus a major public health concern both to the community and the county government.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM TO IMPROVE AND EXPAND COVID-19 SCREENING AND EVALUATION: A REFLECTION ON ACTION RESEARCH APPROACH AND THE MANAGEMENT OF THE POSSIBLE SPREAD OF THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Khan Mohammed Aslam
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to reflect on action research approach adopted in the design of the COVID-19 Online Screening and Evaluation Telemedicine Service system – a telemedicine system developed to promote the sharing of expertise and resources between the advanced COVID-19 diagnostic center in a major tertiary hospital and remote primary health centers and district hospitals in India.Methodology: The longitudinal research within this project was used to determine whether the action research methodology affected the course of the project and its progress, helping the project team to better adapt the program to the needs of the clinicians and tackle the unexpected problems common in diagnosis and spread of COVID-19.Findings: The study results found that implementation of the telemedicine system with the mobile application is imperative to implement social distancing and improve the growing shortage of COVID-19 diagnosis in India.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The paper contributes to the methodological design by using action research to analyze the field of practice using the telemedicine system within a healthcare diagnosis setting. This paper aims to tackle the research problem of low telemedicine use in healthcare as a whole, and more specifically within the diagnosis for COVID-19.
DIAGNOSIS OF SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA AND EPIDURAL HAEMATOMA BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
Authors: Hussain Nadir , Khan Shafia , Rabia Rabia , Saleem Kanwal , Aslam Sana , Hanjara Hasam , Zafar Shumaila , Gillani Yousaf
Published: January 2021

Methodology: It was a cross sectional Analytical study conducted at Department of Radiology AL RAZI HOSPITAL MM ALAM LAHORE. From 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2019.The 172 subjects were selected of history and clinical examination and suspicion of head injuries requiring head CT scan evaluation. Subjects included both male and female gender age over 10 years and less than 70 years were selected. Contraindication to CT imaging and pregnant females were excluded. Patients were examined using 64 Slices dual source SIMENS CT machine. All the information of patient were noted on a specifically designed for this purpose.Results: Mean age of patient was 36.87± 13.02 years. Most frequent age group was 15-30 years having 75(42.8%) subjects. There were 125(71.4%) male and 50(28.5%) females in the study respectively. There were 126 true positive, 12 false positive, 11 false negative and 17 true negative cases. This study revealed computed tomography sensitivity (72%) specificity (94%) diagnostic accuracy is (97.1%), Positive predictive value is (97.98%) and negative predictive value is (71.69%).Conclusions: It was concluded that Computed tomography is a useful diagnostic tool after clinical evaluation in patients imaging for the diagnosis of subdural and epidural hematomas in patients of road traffic accident.
FE Analysis Of Flexural Bearing For Linear Compressor
Authors: Malpani Saurabh Anand , Yenarkar Yogesh , Deshmukh Suhas
Published: January 2021

Flexure bearing is a new concept and used for precision applications such as Programmable focusing mechanism (PFM), linear compressor etc. These bearings are compact and inexpensive. A flexure bearing is designed for specific applications. These designed can usually be done with the advanced design tool like FEA. With the advent of computers FEA has become the most suitable tool for the engineering analysis where the conventional approach is not suitable, geometric complexity are involved etc. This paper deals with the study of flexure bearings in linear compressor and makes theoretical analysis on it to calculate axial stiffness, radial stiffness and parasitic motion. Using software’s like CATIA and PROE ,modeling of flexure bearing done. Also make FEM analysis on it by using Ansys software. Then compare result of theoretical and FEM analysis. And lastly, this project considers the fatigue life criteria for flexure bearing and tries to optimize it. Gaurenkar have made design calculation and FE Analysis for flexure bearing to make appropriate model. This bearing contains three slots having 120° apart and 12 peripheral holes are used to clamp the disc rigidly onto a support structure. One central hole made for movement of shaft.
Design and its Verification of Belt Conveyor System used for Cooling of Mould using Belt Comp Software
Authors: Vanamane S. S. , Mane P.A. , Inamdar K. H.
Published: January 2021

Belt conveyor is the transportation of material from one location to another. Belt conveyor has high load carrying capacity, large length of conveying path, simple design, easy maintenance and high reliability of operation. Belt conveyor system is also used in material transport in foundry shop like supply and distribution of molding sand, molds and removal of waste. In this paper the study is carried out on DISA pattern moulding machine to meet the requirement of higher weight castings. The DISA machine is having the capacity of 100 moulds per hour. The mould size and density of material is given parameters. The present discussion aims to design the conveyor system used for cooling of mold, which includes speed, motor selection, belt specification, shaft diameter, pulley, idler spacing, gear box selection, with the help of standard practice and these results are verified with the belt comp software.