bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Omics analysis identified DNA methylation and miRNAs mediated gene regulatory networks in Psoriasis
Authors: Laha Sayantan , Senapati Swapan , Chatterjee Gobinda , Chatterjee Raghunath
Published: November 2023

Psoriasis is a complex, autoimmune skin disease characterized by a reversible albeit relapsing predisposition in the skin of a patient. Insights into the regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels are instrumental into further understanding of the multi-factorial gene regulation of the disease etiology and pathogenesis. In our study, we have carried out multi-omics integrative analysis of total RNA-sequencing, small RNA-sequencing and DNA methylation profiling from the psoriatic and adjacent normal skin tissues. Our multi-omics analysis have identified the genes and biological processes regulated by DNA methylation and microRNAs either independently or in combination. Gene enrichment networks and pathway analysis demonstrated that miRNAs are the sole mediators in cell cycle progression and checkpoint signaling, regulating keratinocyte hyper-proliferation, one of the prominent factor for skin phenotype observed in psoriatic tissues. DNA methylation contrarily was more predominant in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, another causative factor in psoriasis pathogenesis. Several key processes implicated in disease pathogenesis were governed by combination of both regulatory mechanisms including Th17 cell differentiation and JAK-STAT signaling. The reversible nature of DNA methylation and miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression illustrate the importance of our findings from multi-omics analysis to understand a complex disease with reversible phenotype.
Arbeitsschutz für Arbeitnehmende mit wissenschaftlicher Tätigkeit
Authors: Steiger-Sackmann Sabine
Published: November 2023

Beim Erlass des Arbeitsgesetzes vor bald sechzig Jahren wurden Arbeitnehmende, die eine wissenschaftliche Tätigkeit ausüben, vom Geltungsbereich ausgenommen. Eine wissenschaftliche Karriere ist heute oft mit prekären Arbeitsbedingungen verbunden. Daher stellt sich die Frage, ob es gerechtfertigt war und ist, diese Arbeitnehmenden generell vom Schutzbereich auszunehmen. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht dieser Frage anhand der Entstehungsgeschichte nach und analysiert die Situation aus der heutigen Perspektive.

--

Il y a près de soixante ans, le législateur décidait d'exclure les travailleurs scientifiques du champ d'application de la loi fédérale sur le travail. Aujourd'hui, les carrières scientifiques sont souvent liées à des conditions de travail précaires. La question se pose de savoir s'il était, et s'il est toujours, justifié d'exclure de manière générale ce type de travailleurs du champ de protection de la loi. Pour y répondre, l'article examine l'historicité de la loi sur le travail et analyse la situation d'un point de vue actuel.
PORTRAYAL OF WOMEN AND THEIR STRUGGLES IN RISHI REDDIS KARMA AND OTHER STORIES
Authors:   HOD English Kala Wanijya Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Ballarpur Dist. Chandrapur., R. Banasure Shravan
Published: November 2023

Karma and Other Stories by Rishi Reddi is a collection of short stories that explores the lives of Indian immigrants in the United States, particularly focusing on the experiences of women. Reddis stories are rich with cultural nuances and provide a poignant look into the challenges and triumphs of these women as they navigate the complexities of their dual identities and the expectations placed upon them. In it women play a central role in the narrative, and their plight is a recurring theme throughout the collection. Reddi skillfully portrays the multifaceted struggles faced by these women as they grapple with issues of tradition, family, ambition, and cultural assimilation. Through various characters and their interconnected stories, Reddi paints a vivid picture of the unique challenges that women from Indian backgrounds often face. The analysis focuses on the social, cultural, and gender dynamics that shape the lives of women in the stories. Through an examination of key themes, character development, and narrative techniques, this article aims to shed light on the challenges faced by women in the context of Indian society. The article also discusses the authors intent in highlighting these issues and the impact of her work on raising awareness about womens rights.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF INFLUENTIAL FACTORS: A DATA-DRIVEN INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chandanaish - 4381, Chattogram, Bangladesh., Redoan Hosen Md , Borhan Hosen Md ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chandanaish - 4381, Chattogram, Bangladesh., Rahaman Afzalur ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chandanaish - 4381, Chattogram, Bangladesh., Arafat Yasin ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chandanaish - 4381, Chattogram, Bangladesh., Pathak Abhijit ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chandanaish - 4381, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
Published: November 2023

Environmental pollution is a pressing concern affecting humanity and other Earth species today. The escalation of air pollution due to heavy traffic density and industrial effluents in urban areas poses a significant threat to human life and the environment. The Air Quality Index (AQI) is employed as a crucial metric to gauge the extent of air pollution in a city. Apart from industrial and traffic emissions, meteorological factors, including wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, and total precipitation, play a pivotal role in shaping a citys pollution levels. Mitigating the harm caused by air pollution is contingent on the ability to predict the factors influencing air pollutant levels. This predictive capability enables issuing advanced warnings to citizens or implementing precautionary measures for their protection. This paper focuses on forecasting temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and total precipitation in the town of Basel, Switzerland, on specific future dates, utilizing historical data maintained by local authorities. The methodology leverages Hive tools and MapReduce frameworks and employs machine learning techniques to predict future values of desired parameters. Various regression techniques, including Lasso, Linear Regression, Ridge Regression, and Polynomial Regression, were evaluated for their performance in predicting air quality factors. Polynomial Regression emerged as the preferred choice due to its superior performance. To enhance user accessibility, a user-friendly graphical interface (GUI) has been developed to input data and visualize predicted results. This study presents a comprehensive approach to address the critical issue of air pollution by providing accurate predictions of meteorological factors, thus enabling proactive measures to safeguard public health and the environment.
TO CORRELATE THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN LINGUAL FRENAL ATTACHMENT AND MANDIBULAR INCISAL EDGE POSITION AS AN AID IN ESTABLISHING MANDIBULAR OCCLUSAL PLANE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, AMC Dental College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Samir Shah Rujul , B. Patel Ina ,   Professor and Head, MDS, Department of Prosthodontics, AMC Dental College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Bhupesh Patel Ruchir ,   Senior Lecture, MDS, Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Science and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Shukla Param ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, AMC Dental College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Pankaj Panchal Pankti ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, AMC Dental College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Published: November 2023

Background: The determination of vertical dimension, aesthetics, phonetics and incisal guidance, depends on the placement of anterior teeth. Fewer studies are present for mandibular anterior teeth setting. Therefore this study aims at determining the correlation of distance between lingual frenal attachment and mandibular incisal edge position in dentulous subjects as an aid in establishing mandibular occlusal plane in edentulous patients. Methodology: 318 subjects (161 males and 157 females) under the age group of 18 to 30 years, who met the requisite criteria were seleceted. A mandibular cast was obtained from irreversible hydrocolloid impression in stock trays for each subject. The distance between the incisal edge of lower central incisor and anterior attachment of the lingual frenum was measured using digital vernier caliper. Result:It was observed that the distance between anterosuperior attachment of lingual frenumand mesioincisal edge of mandibular central incisor (CI) in female subjects was 12.19, with mean standard deviation (Â±SD) of 1.34. and 15.91 with mean standard deviation (Â±SD) 1.32 in male subjects respectively. Conclusion:Thus, the anterior attachment of lingual frenum is a reliable anatomic landmark and shall aid in setting the mandibular central incisors in a more natural position.
Development of a tool to support operationalising water safety plans: experiences from a national water utility in Ghana
Authors: Sheehan David , Fasham Phillip , McKeown Rory Moses , Jayaratne Asoka
Published: November 2023

Since their incorporation into the 2004 version of the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (GDWQ), Water Safety Plans (WSPs) continue to be the pre-eminent process for the delivery of safe drinking water to consumers. WSPs achieve this by prioritising proactive, rather than reactive, management of risks to drinking water quality. Since the use of WSPs was incorporated into the GDWQ, a range of supporting resources have been produced to assist water suppliers in preparing WSPs. Producing a robust WSP is an important first step in the management of risk, but in many cases, the implementation of WSPs presents significant challenges, particularly in relation to the implementation of Module 5 (implementing improvements) and Module 6 (monitoring of control measures). To address barriers to WSP implementation, the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL), in a peer-to-peer partnership with two Australian water utilities, developed a pilot WSP implementation strategy for one of the company's drinking water supply systems. One of the outputs of the collaboration was the development of a framework for operationalising water safety planning, which incorporates basic guidance for embedding the WSP within routine operations, in order to ensure the safe management of drinking water.
Reconstruction of the plan of mining concessions of the Sierra de Cartagena-La Unión (Murcia)
Authors: Rosique Campoy Manuel Francisco
Published: November 2023

During the 19th and 20th centuries, the Sierra de Cartagena-La Unión (Murcia) was one of the main metal ore producing districts in Europe. For the studies and projects carried out on it, it is often necessary to know the location of the mining concessions granted in a specific area and at a specific time. This article proposes a working methodology that allows the reconstruction of the general plan of concessions in a precise and orderly manner. The necessary documentation includes the demarcation plans that are part of the file of each mining concession and that collect their topographic and cartographic information. A database is created to allow its management and analysis. For the elaboration of the general plan, general working criteria are established, the concessions are represented and located by CAD and the possible presence of errors and misalignments is studied. These errors and mismatches arise both from data collection and from the preparation of the demarcation plans. They must be identified and quantified so that they can be reduced or eliminated. It is concluded that it is the magnitude of these errors that defines the scale to be used to obtain an accurate general plan. There is a very important antecedent of this work and it is the “Plan of the mines and transport routes of the term of Cartagena and La Union” made by Carlos Lanzarote at the beginning of the 20th century that, likewise, must be analyzed to determine the degree of cartographic precision that it provides.
Experts' Perspectives on the Current Practices and Gaps in the Management of
Dyslipidemia: A Report from The United Arab Emirates
Authors: Shehab Abdullah M.A. , Sabbour Hani , Zaky Hosam Abdelaziz , Kurian Joseph P. , Salem Mohamed I.
Published: November 2023

Background:
The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) can be as high as 72.5%. Patients with dyslipidemia usually present with other
metabolic risk factors, increasing their risk of acute cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Despite these alarming findings, local data regarding
management practices in the UAE are lacking. The current report gathered the perspectives of experts from the UAE regarding the burden and
current practices in managing dyslipidemia, as well as the current unmet needs and treatment gaps.

Methods:
The present perspective is based on a consensus meeting that gathered the insights of six consultant cardiologists. All experts were affiliated with
academic institutions representing the UAE's different geographical areas.

Findings and Conclusion:
Data regarding the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the UAE and its associated ethnic differences are lacking. It is suggested that there needs to be
more adherence to international recommendations for screening lipid profiles in primary care centers, which may lead to underestimating the
burden of dyslipidemia. As CVD presents at a younger age in the UAE, screening for lipid profile at 35 is recommended, regardless of CVD risk.
The panel emphasized that most dyslipidemia patients in the UAE are categorized as high or very high-risk groups for CVD; however, current risk
assessment tools have not been validated in the UAE population and may not be tailored to the Middle Eastern and Asian populations. International
guidelines have recommended the high-intensity statins-ezetimibe combination for high and very high-risk patients; the experts stated that the
high-intensity statins-ezetimibe combination could be initiated in high-risk groups in the UAE. Several barriers to effectively controlling
dyslipidemia in the UAE have been identified, including non-adherence, limited awareness about screening and management recommendations,
and physician inertia toward achieving the recommended therapeutic goals.
First Display of Haloalkane Dehalogenase LinB on the Surface of Bacillus
subtilis Spore
Authors: Wang Fuli , Liu Xiujie , Song Tianyu , Pei Chengxin , Huang Qibin , Jiang Hui , Xi Hailing
Published: November 2023

Background:

LinB, as a Haloalkane dehalogenase, has good catalytic activity for many
highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds, and can realize the elimination of chemical weapons HD
in a green non-toxic mode.

Objective:

In order to display Haloalkane dehalogenase LinB on the surface of Bacillus subtilis
spore.

Methods:

We have constituted the B. subtilis spore surface display system of halogenated alkanes
dehalogenase LinB by gene recombination.

Results:

Data revealed that LinB can display on spore surface successfully. The hydrolyzing HD
analogue 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide (2-CEES) activity of displayed LinB spores was 4.30±0.09
U/mL, and its specific activity was 0.78±0.03U/mg. Meanwhile, LinB spores showed a stronger
stress resistance activity on 2-CEES than free LinB. This study obtained B. subtilis spores of LinB
(phingobium japonicum UT26) with enzyme activity that was not reported before.

Conclusion:

Spore surface display technology uses resistance spore as the carrier to guarantee
LinB activity, enhances its stability, and reduces the production cost, thus expanding the range of
its application.
Investigation of Ginseng-Ophiopogon Injection on Enhancing Physical Function by Pharmacogenomics and Metabolomics Evaluation
Authors: Meimei Chen , Jingru Zhu , Huijuan Gan , Candong Li
Published: November 2023

Background:

Ginseng-ophiopogon injection (GOI) is a clinically commonly used
drug for Qi deficiency syndrome characterized by decreased physical function in China. This
study aimed to clarify common pharmacological mechanisms of GOI in enhancing physical
function.

Methods:

We performed an integrative strategy of weight-loaded swimming tests in cold water
(5.5 °C), hepatic glycogen and superoxide dismutase (SOD) detections, GC-TOF/MS-based
metabolomics, multivariate statistical techniques, network pharmacology of known targets and
constituents, and KEGG pathway analysis of GOI.

Results:

Compared with the control group, GOI showed significant increases in the weightloaded
swimming time, hepatic levels of glycogen and SOD. Additionally, 34 significantly differential
serum metabolites referred to glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and arginine biosynthesis
were affected by GOI. The target collection revealed 98 metabolic targets and 50 experimentreported
drug targets of ingredients in GOI involved in enhancing physical function. Further, the
PPI network analysis revealed that 8 ingredients of GOI, such as ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rf,
ginsenoside Rg1, and notoginsenoside R1, were well-associated with 48 hub targets, which had
good ability in enhancing physical function. Meanwhile, nine hub proteins, such as SOD, mechanistic
target of Rapamycin (mTOR), and nitric oxide synthases, were confirmed to be affected
by GOI. Finally, 98 enriched KEGG pathways (P<0.01 and FDR<0.001) of GOI were obtained
from 48 hub targets of the PPI network. Among them, pathways in cancer, Chagas disease, lipid
and atherosclerosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway ranked top four.

Conclusions:

This study provided an integrative and efficient approach to understanding the molecular
mechanism of GOI in enhancing physical function.
Recent Advances in Pyrazole-based Protein Kinase Inhibitors as Emerging Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Cetin Adnan
Published: November 2023

Background:

Pyrazole-scaffold protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) have emerged as
promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory
disorders, and neurological diseases. This review article provides an overview of the pharmacological
properties of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs, including their mechanism of action, selectivity,
potency, and toxicity. The article also summarizes the recent developments in the design and
synthesis of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs, highlighting the structural features and modifications that
contribute to their pharmacological activity. In addition, the article discusses the preclinical and
clinical studies of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs, including their efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic
properties.

Methods:

A comprehensive search has been conducted on several online patent databases, including
the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the European Patent Office
(EPO), and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The search was conducted using
pyrazole as the keyword. The search was limited to patents filed between 2015 and 2022.
Patents were included if they involved articles in the fields of protein kinase inhibitors, and included
literature on some pyrazoles and their pharmacological activities.

Results:

Data were extracted from each included patent on the following variables: patent title,
patent number, inventors, assignee, filing date, publication date, patent type, and field of invention.
Data were extracted from each patent using a standardized form to ensure consistency and
accuracy.

Conclusion:

The design and pharmacological evaluation of organic compounds containing pyrazole
structure as biologically active substances have been done, and the key structures from
the pharmacological data obtained as protein kinase inhibitors have been addressed in detail.
The review concludes with a discussion on the current challenges and future directions for the
development of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs as therapeutic agents. Overall, this review article provides
a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological properties of pyrazole-scaffold PKIs,
which will be of interest to researchers and clinicians in the field of drug discovery and development.
Andrographolide Attenuates RSV-induced Inflammation by Suppressing
Apoptosis and Promoting Pyroptosis after Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Infection In Vitro
Authors: Che Siyi , Xie Xiaohong , Lin Jilei , Liu Ying , Xie Jun , Liu Enmei
Published: November 2023

Background::

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which is the predominant viral pathogen
responsible for causing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children, currently lacks
specific therapeutic drugs. Despite andrographolide's demonstrated effectiveness against various
viral infections, its effects on RSV infection remain unclear.

Methods::

In this study, RSV infection and andrographolide-intervened A549 cell lines were
used. The virus load of RSV and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the cell supernatant were quantified.
The potential targets of andrographolide in the treatment of RSV-infected airway epithelial
cells were analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the PharmMapper
Database, and the changes in mRNA expression of these target genes were measured. To further
illustrate the effect of andrographolide on the death pattern of RSV-infected airway epithelial
cells, Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assays and Western blotting were conducted.

Results::

Andrographolide decreased the viral load and attenuated IL-6 and IL-8 levels in cell supernatant
post-RSV infection. A total of 25 potential targets of andrographolide in the treatment
of RSV-infected airway epithelial cells were discovered, and CASP1, CCL5, JAK2, and STAT1
were identified as significant players. Andrographolide noticeably suppressed the increased
mRNA expressions of these genes post-RSV infection as well as IL-1β. The flow cytometry
analysis demonstrated that andrographolide alleviated apoptosis in RSV-infected cells. Additionally,
RSV infection decreased the protein levels of caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, cleaved IL-1β,
N-terminal of GSDMD, and Bcl-2. Conversely, andrographolide increased their levels.

Conclusion::

These results suggest that andrographolide may reduce RSV-induced inflammation by
suppressing apoptosis and promoting pyroptosis in epithelial cells, leading to effective viral clearance.
Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Radicular Cervical Spondylosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Hongfei , Wang Congan , Wang Xuan , Ju Jing , Yan Chunchun , Shi Bin
Published: November 2023

Background:

Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is a serious and common degenerative
disease of the cervical spine due to irritation and compression of the nerve roots of the cervical
spine, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms based on sensory, motor and reflex disorders,
such as numbness and pain in the neck, shoulders, upper limbs and fingers. Acupuncture is
highly effective in treating CSR and has become a common treatment accepted by patients. This
study aims to systematically review and analyze existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to
evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of CSR.

Methods:

We used the following eight databases for literature data search: PubMed, EMBASE,
The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology
Medicine Disc ( CBMdisc), Wanfang Database and China Science and Technology Journal
Database (VIP). The search consisted of randomized controlled studies of acupuncture for CSR
between 2000 and 2020 and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed according
to the Cochrane Collaboration's "Risk of Bias Assessment Tool."RevMan 5.4 software
was used for statistical analysis only. Study screening, data extraction and statistics, and assessment
of the risk of bias of the included studies were performed independently by two reviewers.

Result:

27 studies with 3124 patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis of the total
efficiency index for acupuncture for CSR were [RR = 1.14,95% CI (1.09,1.19)]. The results of
the meta-analysis of the PPI index were [MD = -0.35, 95% CI (-0.61,-0. 09)]. The results of
META analysis of the total effective rate, VAS score, PRI(A) score, PRI(S) score and PRI(T)
score showed heterogeneity in the studies included for each outcome index, and sources of heterogeneity
were sought through subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis to ensure more stable
and reliable data results. The results of the combined meta-analysis showed that the treatment
group was significantly more effective than the control group and more effective in lowering the
nerves to reduce the pain index in patients with CSR, with a statistically significant difference
(P<0.05). This indicates that acupuncture treatment is superior to traction for CSR.

Conclusion:

Acupuncture is significantly more effective than traction therapy in the treatment
of cervical spondylosis and can reduce the pain index of patients with CSR.
Current Advances in Genetic Testing for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Zhou Yulin , Jiang Yu
Published: November 2023

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the most common genetic disorders worldwide,
and genetic testing plays a key role in its diagnosis and prevention. The last decade has seen a continuous
flow of new methods for SMA genetic testing that, along with traditional approaches, have
affected clinical practice patterns to some degree. Targeting different application scenarios and selecting
the appropriate technique for genetic testing have become priorities for optimizing the clinical
pathway for SMA. In this review, we summarize the latest technological innovations in genetic
testing for SMA, including MassArray®, digital PCR (dPCR), next-generation sequencing (NGS),
and third-generation sequencing (TGS). Implementation recommendations for rationally choosing
different technical strategies in the tertiary prevention of SMA are also explored.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch on High-fat Diet-induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice
Authors: Mahdinezhad Mohammad Reza , Mirzavi Farshad , Hooshmand Sara , Jamshidi Shirin Taraz , Ghorbani Ahmad , Soukhtanloo Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Background:

Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the main causes of nonalcoholic
fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is increasing due to lifestyle changes and is still an
important global health issue. Despite the efforts, there is still no common treatment for this disease.
Studies have shown that the root of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch has a hypolipidemic effect and a
significant antioxidant effect on liver tissue in diabetic rats. However, no experimental study has
been performed on the hepatoprotective effects of this herb on HFD-induced NAFLD have been
proven.

background:

Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the main causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is increasing due to lifestyle changes and is still an important global health issue. Despite the efforts, there is still no common treatment for this disease. Studies have shown that the root of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch has a hypolipidemic effect and a significant antioxidant effect on liver tissue in diabetic rats. However, no experimental study has been performed on which the hepatoprotective effects of this herb on HFD-induced NAFLD have been proven.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch extract (RTE) on
HFD-induced NAFLD in BALB/c mice.

Materials and Methods:

The study was performed with two models of prevention and therapeutic
effect of RTE. Serum biochemical markers, histopathology, oxidative stress indicators, and qRTPCR
were measured to evaluate the effects of RTE on lipid metabolism disorders in mice feeding
with HFD.

Results:

In the prevention model, compared to the HFD group, RTE treatment decreased the levels
of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol and improved liver profile markers, oxidative stress, and
expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.

Conclusion:

The results of this study suggest that RTE has hepatoprotective effects against HFDinduced
liver damage by reducing oxidative stress, lipogenesis, and increasing beta-oxidation of free
fatty acids.
Bioinformatics-based Analysis of the Variability of MPOX Virus Proteins
Authors: Polanco Carlos , Huberman Alberto , Lemus Enrique Hernandez , Uversky Vladimir N. , Rios Castro Martha , Garcia Mireya Martinez , Vargas-Alarcon Gilberto , Buhse Thomas , Hernández Claudia Pimentel , Zazueta Cecilia , Roldan Gomez Francisco J. , López Oliva Erika Jeannette
Published: November 2023

Background:

Previously restricted to remote areas of Central and Western Africa, the
MPOX virus-based disease, also known as monkeypox, has now spread to more than 90 countries
and has become endemic. As a consequence, the MPOX virus has become a global public health
concern.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to conduct a computational-multiparametric study (at the
genomic and proteomic levels) of the biological sequences that express the MPOX virus envelopes in
order to fathom the physicochemical regularities of these proteins.

Methods:

Using computer programs, we determined the polarity index method (PIM) profile and
protein intrinsic disorder predisposition (PIDP) for each studied protein.

Results:

The UniProt database was able to identify sequences similar to those of the MPOX virus
expressed thanks to the computational regularities found in the virus' envelope sequences.

Conclusion:

The polarity index method and protein intrinsic disorder predisposition profiles could
aid in elucidating the sequence-level structural regularities of the MPOX virus envelopes.
Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis and Clinical Analysis of Fetal Small Bowel
Obstruction
Authors: Gao Yang , Ru Yanhui , Han Houmei , Yin Hong , Yin Panpan , Gao Yuehua
Published: November 2023

Background::

Fetal small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. Prenatal ultrasound is an important tool for
detecting SBO, but the optimal cutoff value for intestinal diameter remains undefined.

Objective::

This study aimed to investigate the ultrasonic characteristics of fetal SBO and determine the optimal cutoff value for intestinal diameter to enhance
prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.

Methods::

We retrospectively analyzed the ultrasonic characteristics and postpartum data of 76 cases diagnosed with SBO. Receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curve analysis was performed to identify the optimal cutoff value for dilated intestinal diameter.

Results::

Among the 76 cases, 31 displayed the “double bubble sign” on ultrasound, with 20 cases identified as annular pancreas, 6 as duodenal atresia, and
5 as duodenal membranous stenosis. In 45 cases, the lesions were located in the jejunal or ileal segment and exhibited intestinal dilatation above
the lesion site, including 27 cases of small bowel atresia, 7 cases of membranous jejunal stenosis, and 11 cases of small bowel volvulus. Out of the
76 cases, 9 showed no abnormalities after birth. ROC curve analysis determined optimal cutoff values of 17.5mm and 10.5mm for predicting
“double bubble sign” lesions in the gastric and duodenal widths. For predicting small intestinal dilatation, the optimal cutoff values for dilated
width and length of the intestinal tube were 11.5mm and 21.5mm, respectively, with high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion::

Ultrasonic imaging and changes in intestinal diameter provide valuable information for prenatal diagnosis and management of SBO. Establishing
these cutoff values can improve the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis for SBO.
QSAR Studies on Thienopyrimidines as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Jadhav Pranali A. , Jadhav Pratiksha
Published: November 2023

Background:

Recent research has revealed promising antibacterial action for thienopyrimidines.
To comprehend the underlying molecular features underlying their antibacterial potency,
a thorough quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) investigation is required.

Objective:

In order to clarify the structural parameters for effective antibacterial activity, we conducted
QSAR analyses on a variety of thienopyrimidines in this work.

Methods:

Through the analysis of physicochemical properties and molecular descriptors, we aimed
to develop predictive models that can guide the design of novel thienopyrimidine derivatives with
enhanced antimicrobial potential.

Results:

It was discovered through the descriptor importance analysis that specific physicochemical
characteristics, including lipophilicity, electronic distribution, and steric effects, significantly influenced
the antibacterial efficacy of these drugs.

Conclusion:

The identified molecular characteristics and descriptors can be used to guide the development
of new thienopyrimidine derivatives with higher antibacterial activity.
A Review of Clinical Trials of Cancer and Its Treatment as a Vaccine
Authors: Chandarana Chandani , Tiwari Anuradha
Published: November 2023

Background:

Cancer and infectious diseases are one of the greatest challenges of
modern medicine. An unhealthy lifestyle, poor drug use, or drug misuse contribute to the rise in
morbidity and mortality brought on by these illnesses. The inadequacies of the medications now
being used to treat these disorders, along with the growing issue of drug resistance, have
compelled researchers to look for novel compounds with therapeutic promise. The number of
infections and diseases has significantly abated due to vaccine development and use over time,
which is described in detail. Several novel vaccines can now be produced by manipulating
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), Ribonucleic acid (RNA), Messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA),
proteins, viral vector Recombinant, and other molecules due to advances in genetic engineering
and our understanding of the immune defense.

Objective:

The main topic of discussion is cancer-based vaccinations, which were developed less
than a decade ago but have already been used to treat a wide range of both life-threatening and
deadly diseases. It contains clinical studies for cancer vaccines against kidney, liver, prostate,
cervix, and certain RNA-based cancer vaccines against breast and bladder cancer.

Results:

Numerous studies using various DNA and RNA-based methods have been conducted
on the basis of cancer, with 9-10 diseases related to DNA and 8–9 diseases associated with RNA.
Some of these studies have been completed, while others have been eliminated due to a lack of
research; further studies are ongoing regarding the same.

Conclusion:

This brief discussion of vaccines and their varieties with examples also discusses
vaccine clinical trials in relation to cancer diseases in this DNA and RNA-based cancer vaccine
that has had successful clinical trials like the cervical cancer drug VGX-3100, the kidney cancer
drug Pembrolizumab, MGN-1601, the prostate cancer drug pTVG-HP with rhGM-CSF, the
melanoma cancer drug proteasome siRNA, and the lung cancer drug FRAME-001.
Association of Novel Hematological Indices with Severity of Coronary
Artery Disease using SYNTAX Score in Patients with Acute Coronary
Syndrome
Authors: Mohanty Vivek , Sharma Shubham , Goswami Sourabh , Kaushik Atul , Choudhary Rahul , Yadav Dharamveer , Deora Surender , Singh Kuldeep
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Recent evidence suggests that systemic inflammation not only plays an
important role in the pathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndrome but also correlates with disease
severity. Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), Neutrophil-Lymphocyte
Ratio (NLR), and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) are novel systemic inflammation markers used for predicting the burden of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on SYNTAX score.
This single-center, cross-sectional, observational study compared the association of these novel
hematological indices with CAD severity using the SYNTAX Score in ACS patients and aimed
to determine the best predictor of the severity of CAD.

Methods:

A total of 403 consecutive patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography
were enrolled. On the basis of the SYNTAX Score, patients were divided into three groups:
Low: <22, Moderate 22 - 32 and High ≥ 32. MHR, MLR, and NLR were calculated and correlated with SYNTAX Score.

Results:

All three indices: MHR (r=0.511; p <0.001), MLR (r=0.373; p <0.001), and NLR
(r=0.292; p =0.001) showed significant correlation with SYNTAX Score. The MHR ROC was
significantly higher than that of MLR (difference between area: 0.158; 95% CI: 0.079-0.259) and
NLR (difference between area: 0.279; 95% CI: 0.172-0.419) for the SYNTAX Score. Analysis
showed a strong correlation between these indices with Syntax score >22 compared to low
scores <22 and that these also related to the LAD as an infarct artery. Multiple regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus, eGFR, Infarct-related artery left anterior descending (IRALAD), MHR, MLR, and NLR were predictors of the severity of CAD in ACS patients based on
SYNTAX score.

Conclusion:

In ACS patients MHR, MLR, and NLR showed significant correlation with Syntax
score >22 which may be indicative of severity of disease. MHR is a better predictor of the severity of CAD than MLR and NLR in ACS patients.
TG/HDL-C Ratio for Predicting Insulin Resistance in Obese Children
from Beijing, China
Authors: Zhang Tian , Duan Fangfang , Qian Yi , Zhang Jin , Sun Huihui , Wan Naijun
Published: November 2023

Background:

International studies have found that the blood triglycerides to highdensity
lipoproteins (TG/HDL-C) ratio predicted insulin resistance in children with overweight
and obesity. However, there is a lack of such reports on children from China.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore the ability of the TG/HDL-C ratio as a blood
biomarker for insulin resistance (IR) in obese children in Beijing.

Methods:

We evaluated 262 children with obesity from our paediatric outpatient clinic in a
cross-sectional study. Detailed medical histories of all children were ascertained, as were clinical
examination and laboratory test results, including blood lipids, fasting glucose, insulin, and
glycated haemoglobin. We divided them into age groups of 6-9 and 10-13.5 years and then into
IR and non-IR groups based on the homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR). Analysis
was accomplished with SPSS software (version 22.0).

Results:

The TG/HDL-C ratio was higher in children with IR in the 6-9 and 10-13.5-year age
groups (p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses displayed that the TG/HDL-C ratio and
HOMA-IR were correlated in the 6-9 and 10-13.5-year-old groups (p < 0.05). In the 6-9-yearold
group, IR identified by a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥ 0.645 had a sensitivity, specificity, and an area
under the curve (AUC) of 79.1%, 60.9%, and 0.734, respectively. In the 10–13.5-year-old
group, IR identified by a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥ 0.725 had a sensitivity, specificity, and an AUC of
79.4%, 62.9%, and 0.724, respectively.

Conclusion:

We showed the application of the TG/HDL-C ratio to predict insulin resistance in
obese children in Beijing with different diagnostic thresholds based on age (6-9-year-old group
with TG/HDL-C ≥ 0.645; 10–13.5-year-old group with TG/HDL-C ≥ 0.725), which were lower
compared with the diagnostic threshold for insulin resistance in children reported in other countries.
Exploring the Interplay between Nutrients, Bacteriophages, and Bacterial Lipases in Host- and Bacteria-mediated Pathogenesis
Authors: Ghadimi Darab , Fölster-Holst Regina , Ebsen Michael , Röcken Christoph , Dörfer Christof , Uchiyama Jumpei , Matsuzaki Shigenobu , Bockelmann Wilhelm
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims::

Pathogenic bacteria and host cells counteract or neutralize
each other's effect in two fundamental ways: Direct invasion and secretion of various substances.
Among these, lipases secreted by pathogenic bacteria and host cell lysozyme are key actors.
Secreted lipases from pathogenic bacterial are suggested as a key player in the pathogen-host
interaction. Among the gut microbial energy sources, glucose and fats have been referred to as
one of the best inducers and substrates for bacterial lipases. Enrichment of bacterial growth medium
with extra glucose or oil has been shown to induce lipase production in pathogenic bacteria.
More recently, research has focused on the role of human gut phage alterations in the onset
of dysbiosis because the bacteria-phage interactions can be dramatically affected by the nutrient
milieu of the gut. However, the reciprocal role of bacterial lipases and phages in this context has
not been well studied and there is no data available about how high glucose or fat availability
might modulate the cellular milieu of the pathogenic bacteria-phage-eukaryotic host cell interface.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunologic outcome of pathogenic bacteria-
phage interaction under normal, high glucose, and high butter oil conditions to understand
how nutrient availability affects lipase activity in pathogenic bacteria and, ultimately, the eukaryotic
host cell responses to pathogenic bacteria-phage interaction.

Materials and Methods::

10 groups of co-cultured T84 and HepG2 cells were treated with Pseudomonas
aeruginosa strain PAO1 (P.a PAO1) in the presence and absence of its KPP22 phage
and incubated in three different growth media (DMEM, DMEM + glucose and DMEM + butter
oil). Structural and physiological (barrier function and cell viability), inflammatory (IL-6 and
IL-8), metabolic (glucose and triglycerides), and enzymatic (lipases and lysozyme) parameters
were determined.

Results::

Excess glucose or butter oil enhanced additively extracellular lipase activity of P.a
PAO1. Excess glucose or butter oil treatments also magnified P. a PAO1- induced secretion of
inflammatory signal molecules (IL-1β, IL-6) from co-cultured cells, concomitant with the enhancement
of intracellular triglycerides in co-cultured HepG2 cells, these effects being abolished
by phage KPP22.

Conclusion::

The results of the present study imply that KPP22 phage influences the interplay
between food substances, gut bacterial lipases, and the gut cellular milieu. This can be applied
in two-way interaction: by affecting the microbial uptake of excess free simple sugars and fats
from the gut milieu leading to decreased bacterial lipases and by modulating the immune system
of the intestinal -liver axis cells. Further studies are needed to see if the biological consequences
of these effects also occur in vivo.
Case Report: Opposite Tumoral and Hormonal Responses to Low-dose
Pasireotide in Cushing’s Disease
Authors: Serban Andreea Liliana , Zampetti Benedetta , Saladino Andrea , Favero Vittoria , Chiodini Iacopo , Cozzi Renato
Published: November 2023

Background::

Pasireotide is a multireceptor somatostatin analogue approved for the
treatment of patients with Cushing's disease (CD) who are ineligible or poor candidates for pituitary
surgery. Here we present a patient with severe recurrent CD who was treated with pasiretide
and showed opposite results between hormonal levels and pituitary tumour size.

Case Presentation::

A 54-year-old woman was diagnosed with CD, a first surgical transsphenoidal
procedure was performed at the time of diagnosis, and the disease recurred seven years
later. She underwent a second transsphenoidal surgery, but despite apparent complete removal
of the adenoma, the hypercortisolism worsened. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a tiny
remnant of the adenoma adjacent to the cavernous sinus, and ketoconazole was started at a dose
of 800 mg/day. Due to the persistence of pathological urinary free cortisol levels, 600 μg bid
pasireotide was added. The combination therapy induced first normalisation of urinary free cortisol
and later hypoadrenalism, so that ketoconazole was discontinued and pasireotide was maintained.
A marked clinical improvement was achieved with pasireotide. Adrenal insufficiency
persisted despite progressive tapering of the pasireotide dose to 150 mg once daily. Pituitary
magnetic resonance imaging performed at 12 and 24 months during low-dose pasireotide treatment
showed a few millimetres increase of the remnant.

Conclusions::

This report suggests that CD Pas induces an opposite effect between hormonal
profile and increase of pituitary tumor size. This peculiar phenomenon may be a consequence of
the unusually low doses of pasireotide needed to control hormonal hypersecretion.
A Comprehensive Review on Management and Treatment of Arthritis Specially
Emphasizing Treatment with Transdermal Patch
Authors: Kirtania Ranjan , Parvin Rizwana , Barman Sayan , Chakraborty Shreyasi , Das Laboni , Ghosal Kajal
Published: November 2023

Arthritis is one of the major inflammatory diseases and is a global issue. Arthritis is currently an utmost public health problem and it will further
impact the life of the geriatric population. There are several types of arthritis such as Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Gout, and Fibromyalgia,
which limit the mobility of the patient. In most cases, the reason for the disease is not known clearly and available treatment can reduce the
symptoms but cannot cure it completely. Though Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids, and Disease Modifying Anti
Rheumatic Drugs (DMADRS) are the first-line treatments available in arthritis, gastrointestinal discomfort, low solubility, strong first-pass
metabolism, low bioavailability, and systemic adverse reactions are the main drawbacks related to these drugs when used in long-term. Based on
the evidence related to side effects of the current treatment methodology, several recent studies and developments have been designed and
summarized in this field. From these studies, it has been observed that the transdermal drug delivery system can minimize the side effects
associated with the oral dosage forms and can deliver the drug directly to the target site along with controlled and prolonged drug release. Hence,
novel approaches in transdermal drug delivery systems like transdermal patches and microneedle therapy could be an alternative approach in the
treatment and management of arthritis.
Eco-friendly Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles: An Overview of the
Epoch-making Role of Natural Resources, Applications, and Recent
Developments
Authors: Khan Sameea Ahmed , Sharma Rajesh
Published: November 2023

Green synthesized metal nanoparticles offer a broad spectrum of applications. They also
offer unmatched significance because they are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and less toxic to human
beings. Copper nanoparticles, when synthesized using green protocols, exhibit enriched properties
and are substantially used in the preparation of nanofluids, medicine, conductive agents, etc. In this
review, we have highlighted how the side effects of synthetic compounds have paved the way to look
for greener alternatives in the field of nanomedicine. Green fabrication, characterization, and activities
of copper nanoparticles using different biological sources have been extensively studied and
reported. The biological sources have been broadly classified into two categories, plant-based and
microbial-based. Natural resources are a reservoir of flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, etc. They act
as reducing and stabilizing agents for nanoparticles. Bio-synthesized metal nanoparticles have presented
themselves as anti-microbial agents, bioreductors, cytotoxic agents, bioremediators, etc. This
review has described the effective utilization of natural resources for synthesizing copper nanoparticles.
It also emphasizes the recent developments in this field covering the diverse applications of the same.