bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SULTAN ABDÜLAZİZ DÖNEMİ CEYBİ HÜMAYUN HAZİNESİNİN GİDERLERİ (1861–1876)
Authors: Öz Ümmehan
Published: January 2022

Osmanlı Devleti’nde padişahın cebi olarak nitelendirilen ve İç Hazine’nin önemli bir kısmını oluşturan Ceyb-i Hümayun; padişahın özel gelir ve giderlerini, gündelik masraflarını karşılamak amacıyla kurulmuştur. 1846 yılından 1867 yılına kadar sadece Hazine-i Hassa adı ile kullanılan Ceyb-i Hümayun, Sultan Abdülaziz’in saltanatı sırasında yeniden ortaya çıkmıştır. Tahsisatı Hazine-i Hassa ile sağlanan Ceyb-i Hümayun’un idaresi ise Mabeyn Hümayun tarafından yapılmıştır. Sultan Abdülaziz dönemi Ceyb-i Hümayun hazinesinden yapılan harcamaları ele almak amacıyla 1869-1876 ceyb defterinde kurumlara ve görevlilere ayrılan tahsisat incelenirken kutsal gün ve aylarda yapılan ihsanlar tespit edilmiştir. Döneme ait belgelerden yola çıkarak padişahın ne yönde ihsanlarda bulunduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Araştırma esnasında dönem içinde kaydı tutulan Ceyb-i Hümayun defterleri ve bahsedilen konular hakkında yazılan tezlerden faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma ile Ceyb-i Hümayun hazinesinin giderleri üzerinden saray çalışanlarının maaş durumu tespit edilirken, ihsanlar vasıtasıyla sosyal olaylar ve padişahın şahsi yönüne değinilmiştir. Ceyb-i Hümayun defterine göre yıl içinde harcamaların yoğunlaştığı kutsal gün ve aylarda yapılan ihsanlardan söz edilmiştir.
The Borrowing Processes of Thai Language in Patani Malay Dialect in Thailand
Authors:   Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Khreeda-Oh Abdonloh
Published: January 2022

This study concerns with the processes borrowing Thai language (TL) words in Patani Malay Dialect (PMD) from the perspective of Sociolinguistics. The main objective of this study is to see how the processes happen from TL to PMD. The research data for TL loanwords in PMD are obtained from written and spoken language while the data from TL itself are obtained from written materials. Attention towards the processes of TL loanwords in PMD is in regard with the study about similarities between TL and Malay language (ML) through two important processes; importation and substitution. Indirectly this study also touched on the influence of TL which has an important role to the lexical elements of PMD. In addition to the elaboration of the borrowing process, an analysis was also carried out on the process of changing TL loanwords in PMD in terms of phonology involving vocal and consonant changes using descriptive approaches. Finally, the findings showed that apart from direct borrowing from TL, PMD also adapts the loanwords according to the existing system in PMD. Even from the borrowing elements themselves, it is found that there are words considered to come from the same family while some are borrowed from other languages.
Rohingya to Myanmar Military Coup: International Efforts in Respond to Humanitarian Violations and Myanmar’s Democracy Deprivation
Authors:   Department of Defense Diplomacy, Indonesia Defense University, Savitri Rohannisa Naja Rachma
Published: January 2022

Myanmar is currently faced with conflicts mainly considered as crimes against humanity that require resolution sooner or later. The conflict in Myanmar is closely linked to ethnicity, creating a cycle of violence that continues to escalate without any possibility of diminishing. The inability of the state to address ethnic minority grievances or provide adequate security to communities has created a literal arms race among minority groups. More action needs to be taken to finally resolve the situation and crisis unfolding in Myanmar, and that is where countries in Southeast Asia play a very important role for conflict resolution. This research was carried out using qualitative method with descriptive analysis regarding to the situation that occurred in Myanmar, especially regarding the Rohingya crisis and the Myanmar Military Coup which was the focus of the research. The escalation of the humanitarian conflict and the deprivation of democracy by the Myanmar people, requires joint handling in order to avoid further expansion of the conflict. In this case, neighboring countries such as Indonesia have an important role as a driver of mediation in regional forums to resolve conflicts in Myanmar. ASEAN, as a diplomatic platform in the Southeast Asian region, must be put forward and reach a consensus for finally intervening in the Myanmar conflict, which is taking more and more lives. The United Nations with the principle of responsibility to protect can also play a role in overcoming the conflict, considering that the conflict has resulted in crimes against humanity that cannot be tolerated.
Corporate Governance and Leverage Mechanisms on Integrity of Financial Report: Conservatism Index Approach in BUMN
Authors:   Universitas Mercu Buana & Jakarta, Indonesia, Wahyuni Putri Dwi
Published: January 2022

The integrity of financial statements is related to one of the characteristics required by IFRS, namely faithful representation. The financial statements that are presented must contain information that is relevant and reliable so that it has high integrity and can be used by stakeholders in making decisions. In reality, realizing the integrity of financial statements is a difficult thing. There have been several cases that cast doubt on the level of integrity of financial statements. One of them happened to PT Jiwasraya (Persero) recently. This research is aimed to examine the effect of corporate governance mechanisms proxied by (institutional ownership, proportion of independent commissioners, and audit committee meetings) and leverage on the integrity of financial statements using a conservatism index approach in the market book value. Firm size as a control variable. The population is BUMN listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018 with a sample of 22 companies. The data analysis method used is panel data regression. The results of the common effect model test that only the audit committee meeting variable has a significant influence on the integrity of the financial statements, while the variable institutional ownership, the proportion of independent commissioners and leverage has an effect but is not significant on the integrity of the financial statement
Do Blockchain Stocks Exhibit More Herding Behaviour than Traditional Stocks?
Authors: Goel Prakhar , Dev Abhishek
Published: January 2022

While the volatile behaviour of cryptocurrency is extensively studied, the stock market’s blockchain sector, which has not been given much attention in the academic world, operates very differently from traditional stock industries. The paper hypothesizes that blockchain stocks exhibit more herding behaviour than traditional stocks and uses quantitative data analysis techniques to study it. The automotive industry is taken as a representative of traditional stocks. Cross-Sectional Absolute Deviation, the academic standard for herding behaviour, is used as the primary comparative measure between blockchain and automotive stocks. It reveals that blockchain industry has significant herding, while rational pricing mechanisms prevail in the automotive industry. Supporting this conclusion, a correlation matrix of stock prices of small market capitalisation firms in each industry is constructed, analysing how closely stock price movements in an industry are related. The correlation coefficient for blockchain stocks is 20% higher than the coefficient for automotive stocks. This indicates that blockchain stocks likely exhibit higher levels of herding. The impact of social media on stock price movements in the two industries is analysed by conducting a correlation study between Google Trends data for industry-related keywords and individual stock returns. The blockchain industry saw a significantly higher correlation, likely suggesting that social media has a stronger influence on blockchain stock price movements. Finally, the paper provides possible explanations for why herding behaviour is more prominent in the blockchain stocks compared to traditional stocks. These include absence of traditional stock valuation metrics, lack of financial knowledge and role of social media.
Consumer Credit Card Debt and Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study of U.K. Immigrants’ Financial Capability
Authors: Thompson Paul
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study examines the ubiquitous nature and high level of consumer debt associated with certain demographics, with a specific focus on immigrants in the U.K.

Methodology: A cross-sectional approach was deemed appropriate because the information used for analysis was based on specific points in time for the years 1995, 2000, and 2005. The sample method used was representative of all persons who were resident in Britain at multiple time points consistent to the waves of data collection. The sample used for this analysis was U.K. residents included in the BHPS during the years 1996, 2001, and 2006.

Findings: The results showed that individuals with higher levels of education acquired more debt compared to lesser educated people, that credit card debt increased the total consumer debt owed, and that larger households incurred more consumer debt.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The findings from this study may assist in positive social change by providing specific information to banks and lending institutions on how they can manage the credit This study might help in expanding the body of knowledge about the association of credit debt and immigrants in UK, which has received a growing interest among researchers in the field of finance, economics and ethnopolitics.

Keywords: Credit debt, Immigrants, Consumer behavior, ethnicity, financial inequality
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ITS EFFECT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA	(1986-2017)
Authors: YUSUFF S.A , ADEKANYE TAIWO , BABALOLA O.A
Published: January 2022

Purpose: International trade is believed to contribute significantly to the growth of an economy. In order to examine the contribution of international trade to the growth of the Nigerian economy, time series data was collected between 1986 and 2017 to investigate the trends of trade openness, investment, and expenditure on education and GDP per capita in Nigeria within the study period. It also examined the effect of trade openness on economic growth in Nigeria.

Methodology: Annual secondary data was used for the study. Data on GDP per capita, trade openness, investment and expenditure on education were sourced from World Development Indicator and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin.  The study employed The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) methods to investigate the effects of trade openness on economic growth in Nigeria.

Findings: Results showed that international trade is inversely related to GDP per capita within the study period however, the result is insignificant.

Recommendation: The study recommended that government should adopt essential trade oriented policy to enhance economic growth via high exports in order to accumulate more foreign earnings to boost output growth in the country
The Relationship between Consumer Credit Card Debt and Immigrants in the UK: A Systematic Review
Authors: Thompson Paul
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This paper systematically reviews a reappraisal of the relationship between consumer behavior and credit card debt.

Methodology: A thorough search was performed using scholarly databases including EBSCOHost, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, JStor, ProQuest, and Taylor & Francis. After a vigorously screening process, a total of 77 articles were accepted with the majority (96%) of articles published after 2012. Several consumer behavior factors were considered such as social factors, psychological factors, impulse buying, compulsive buying, optimism and pessimism, risk-seeking, mental health, age, income, education, immigrants, religion and financial literacy.

Findings: Overall, influential factors that contribute to credit debt can be attributed to redlining and predatory lending by financial institutions. Racial inequalities have been shown to play a significant role in credit debt, especially in the UK.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: A major knowledge gap concerning immigrants exists and further provide insight on the role played by an individual’s ethnic group in the rate of home equity decline as well as the overall net wealth of a household, ultimately affecting their credit debt. It would be useful for policy-makers to examine the biased placed on credit debt and social-economic backgrounds.
Onlyfans: cuestiones controversiales a la luz del derecho europeo
Authors: Caballero Trenado Laura
Published: January 2022

La plataforma de servicios Onlyfans es una controvertida web que aloja contenido pornográfico de terceros, gran parte de los cuales son considerados prescriptores sociales -popularmente conocidos influencers-. Tanto estos creadores de contenidos como la plataforma monetizan las distintas ventanas de explotación bajo fórmulas diversas con un éxito que parece imparable. El acceso al catálogo de servicios que ofrece Onlyfans es sencillo, pues basta aceptar los términos del acuerdo y la política de privacidad de la plataforma. Si embargo, un análisis detenido de estos términos aflora condiciones abusivas para los usuarios, que firman con la plataforma un auténtico “cheque en blanco”. En este artículo se desbrozan los puntos más controvertidos del contrato que suscriben los usuarios con Onlyfans en clave eminentemente práctica. En particular, nos centraremos en: i) la delimitación y el alcance de entidad de consumidores que tienen los usuarios de Onlyfans; ii) la responsabilidad (editorial) que tiene la plataforma sobre el contenido que aloja, y iii) los derechos personalísimos que tiene el titular de una cuenta de Onlyfans. El análisis se completa con un repaso de los principales retos que afronta tanto la plataforma como sus usuarios -sobre todo, los creadores de contenidos- a la luz de los inminentes cambios legales que se avecinan en la Unión Europea.
SISTEM PENDIDIKAN, PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI SISTEM DAN KOMPONEN SERTA INTERPENDENSI ANTAR KOMPONEN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Dahniar Dahniar
Published: January 2022

Masukkan usaha pendidikan ialah peserta didik dengan berbagai ciri-ciri yang ada pada diri peserta didik itu ( bakat, minat,kemampuan,keadaan jasmani). Dalam proses pendidikan terkait berbagai hal, seperti pendidik, kurikulum gedung, sekolah ,buku, metode mengajar,dan lain-lain, sedangkan hasil pendidikan dapat meliputi hasil belajar(yang berupa pengetahuan, sikap, keterampilan) setelah selesanya proses belajar mengajar tertentu. Dalam rangka yang lebih besar,hasil proses belajar dapat berupa lulusan dari lembaga pendidikan ( sekolah ) tertentu. Setiap unsur dalam sistem pendidikan saling berkaitan dan pengaruh memengaruhi. Kelemahan salah satu unsur dalam sistem tersebut akan mempengaruhi seluruh sitempendidikan lain. Oleh karena itu dalam usaha mengembangkan sistem pendidikan lain. Oleh karena itu dalam usaha mengembangkan sistem pendidikan, setiap unsur pokok dalam sistem pendidikan harus mendapat perhatian dan pengembangan yang utama.
Estudios sobre la enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés en México
Authors: Pamplon Irigoyen Elva Nora , Mata Landaverde Lucila , Ruiz Esparza Barajas Elizabeth , Salazar Sorcia Hector Alonso , Ramírez Romero José Luis , Languré Castillo Karla María , Álvarez González Albert , Espinoza Cid Rosa Ascención , Rodríguez Rosales Migdalia Elizabeth , Pierre Velázquez Oscar Ariel , Pamplon Irigoyen Elva Nora , Clark Rivas María Georgina , Gutiérrez Estrada María Rebeca , Lizcano Acuña Manuel Alejandro , García Loya Arelys Karina , Cortez Román Nolvia Ana , Váldez Gardea Gloria Ciria
Published: January 2022

La enseñanza del inglés ha experimentado una importante evolución en los últimos años. Las prácticas pedagógicas promovidas en la actualidad se centran en conocer el contexto donde están situadas, más que limitarse a implementar preceptos y principios definidos para contextos universales. De la misma forma, las investigaciones que se realizan en contextos específicos retroalimentan ese entorno y ayudan a mejorar las prácticas de manera más cercana y apegada a las necesidades precisas del entorno mismo. La presente obra contiene estudios relacionados con el uso de recursos y materiales tradicionales y tecnológicos en el aula, así como con el desarrollo de la escritura académica en el contexto universitario desde la perspectiva de estudiantes y profesores. Los marcos teóricos y metodológicos detallados en cada capítulo pueden ser utilizados por estudiantes de otros posgrados o investigadores del campo como referentes bibliográficos. Las investigaciones plasmadas son un reflejo de lo logrado en estas últimas décadas en México en cuanto a la generación de nuevo conocimiento y la formación de nuevos investigadores.
Investigation of Fungicidal Properties of the Tree Growth Regulator Paclobutrazol to Control Apple Scab
Authors: Blaedow Ryan , Chaney William , Pecknold Paul , Holt Harvey
Published: January 2022

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) as a systemic fungicide for control of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) was investigated in mature (cv. Hopa and Snow Drift) and young sapling (cv. Indian Magic) crabapples (Malus spp.). Treatments consisted of a control and PBZ applied to mature trees at one or two times the recommended rate in April 2002 using the basal drench method. Saplings received either foliar or soil drench applications of PBZ, or foliar applications of propiconazole. Disease assessments of mature trees showed that apple scab symptoms in treated trees were as severe as in untreated ones in the year of treatment but were reduced slightly the year after treatment in ‘Hopa’ and the third year after treatment in ‘Snow Drift.’ Growth reduction occurred in all treated trees, suggesting that the PBZ levels needed for growth reduction were not sufficient to control apple scab in the year of treatment. In contrast, a one-time foliar application of PBZ reduced apple scab incidence to levels found in ‘Indian Magic’ saplings treated every 2 weeks with propiconazole, a fungicide and application method commonly recommended for apple scab control. Delayed uptake and insufficient transport of PBZ to the foliage of mature trees after root drench treatments may account for the lack of apple scab control in the years after treatment, even though growth suppression occurred.
Effect of Nutrients on Diatom Growth: A Review
Authors: Giri Tapas , Goutam Umesh , Arya Aditi , Gautam Shristy
Published: January 2022

Diatoms are one of the unicellular algae with a rare presence of unaltered, durable, transparent and species-specific silica frustules that persist even after cell death in the deposits of water bodies. Diatom has high capacity for absorption of metals for maintaining the water quality and high rate of multiplication. These characters promoted the use of this microbial biomass for effluent detoxification. These diatoms can also solve metal toxicity problems in aquatic ecosystems in the water polluted environment. In the present review, the focus is on several nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and silica) that are essential for the growth of diatoms at very low concentrations, but most of them are toxic at high concentrations. It also shows the relationship between heavy metal stress and lipid body induction which may be a valuable indicator for the evaluation of heavy metal contamination of fluvial ecosystems.

HIGHLIGHTS

Diatoms are eukaryotic, unicellular, photosynthetic, silica-containing microscopic algae with distinct geometric forms

Diatoms are used for biomonitoring purposes for taxonomic and morphological properties of ecosystems, community and human disturbances

Diatoms are also the primary producer of oil in the world responsible for fixing 25 % of CO2 and 30 % of crude oil diatoms

Many diatoms are appropriate for lipid development up to 70 % of their body volume and are investigated for biofuel as a hotspot

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Revisión de los elementos fundacionales del modelo educativo universitario desde la perspectiva ignaciana
Authors: Estrella López Héctor Antonio
Published: January 2022

Las instituciones de educación superior (IES) de la Compañía de Jesús se encuentran frente al reto de dar a conocer los fundamentos de su modelo educativo inspirado en la pedagogía ignaciana, ya que su efectividad dependerá de los procesos de significación y socialización que se desarrollen con la comunidad universitaria. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar algunos elementos que fundamentan dicho modelo para contribuir a dilucidar y actualizar la especificidadde éste, con base en la Declaración Mundial de la Educación Superior de la Unesco (1998) y en la pedagogía ignaciana. Por medio de una revisión documental, se identifican los debates y retos que tienen las IES de la Compañía de Jesús para hacer relevante el conocimiento a través de su propuesta educativa, debido a que las realidades cambian, la sociedad se vuelve más compleja y, hoy, los aprendizajes sitúan como centro al estudiante.
FRATERNURA
Authors: González Faus, S.J. José Ignacio
Published: January 2022

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PENDAMPINGAN KELUARGA DALAM PERAWATAN MANDIRI ANGGOTA KELUARGA YANG MENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI DESA TEMUIRENG KECAMATAN PETARUKAN KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: Fijianto Dwi , Wirotomo Tri Sakti , Pratiwi Yuni Sandra
Published: January 2022

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan kategori penyakit tidak menular (PTM) yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat, baik secara global, regional, nasional maupun lokal. Salah satu jenis penyakit metabolik yang selalu mengalami peningkatan penderita setiap tahun di negara-negara seluruh dunia. Berbagai penelitian epidemiologi menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan peningkatan angka insiden dan prevalensi DM tipe-2 di berbagai penjuru dunia. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pendidikan dan pelatihan kepada keluarga dengan anggota keluarga yang menderita DM agar dapat mengetahui dan mendemonstrasikan cara merawat kesehatan terutama kaki pada pasien penderita DM secara mandiri. Pelaksanaan kegiatan diawali dengan kegiatan melakukan screening kepada keluarga yang menderita DM, didapatkan 2 keluarga yang didalamnya menderita DM dan membutuhkan pendampingan dalam pelatihan perawatan mandiri penderita DM. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan setelah didapatkan keluarga yang akan dilakukan pendampingan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pendidikan kesehatan dan perawatan kesehatan kaki secara mandiri. Hasil pengabdian didapatkan 2 keluarga mampu melakukan perawatan kesehatan kaki penderita DM secara mandiri. Progam pendidikan dan perawatan DM pada keluarga telah dilaksanakan dan memberikan manfaat bagi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan keluarga dalam perawatan mandiri anggota keluarga yang menderita DM.
PENINGKATAN EKONOMI DENGAN MEMBERDAYAKAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI TANAMAN OBAT DAN PEMBUATAN JAMU MENUJU DESA SEHAT MANDIRI
Authors: Yulian Wahyu Permadi Yulian Wahyu Permadi , Wirasti Wirasti , Rahmatullah St.
Published: January 2022

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat adalah proses pembangunan di mana masyarakat berinisiatif untuk memulai proses kegiatan sosial untuk memperbaiki situasi dan kondisi diri sendiri. Pemberdayaan masyarakat akan sukses atau dapat terjadi apabila warga ikut berpartisipasi. Membangun ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan bearti pula membangun sebagian besar penduduk indonesia. Selain memiliki potensi sumber daya manusia pedesaan juga memiliki potensi sumber daya alam. Pengabdian masyarakat dosen juga bertujuan untuk memberikan/mengabdikan ilmu yang dimilikinya untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat  baik dibidang kesehatan atau di bidang ekonomi. Metode pelaksanaan yang diterapkan adalah dengan memberikan informasi mengenai bagaimana meningkatkan ekonomi dengan memberdayakan masyarakat melalui tanaman obat dan pembuatan jamu menuju desa sehat mandiri. Melakukan pelatihan pembuatan jamu/ramuan obat tradisional yang berasal dari tanaman obat dengan melibatkan ahli dari Dinas Kesehatan dan Dinas Pertanian Kab. Pekalongan sehingga jamu tersebut aman dikomsumsi.
Recommended System
Authors: Masrurkar Siddhesh , Panchal Aditi K. , Bhanushali Hitesh M.
Published: January 2022

In this study searched for the survey paper on recommendation system. Recommendation system sorts through massive amounts of data to identify interest of users and makes the information search easier. For that purpose many methods have been used. Collaborative Filtering (CF) is a method of making automatic predictions about the interests of customers by collecting information from number of other customers, for that purpose many collaborative base algorithms are used. Web Recommendation(WR) help the website visitors for easy navigation of web pages, quickly reaching their destination and to obtain relevant information. Content based filtering method(CBF) filtering is done based on customer’s interested items. In content-based filtering technique, the web pages are recommended for a user very quickly from ancient database. In that database different content of items are added that the user has used in the ancient times and/or user’s personal information and preferences.
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI MTS MADINATUL ILMI DESA LUBUK KERTANG KECAMATAN BERANDAN BARAT
Authors: Muhammad Saleh Siti Mariani, Ahmad Fuadi,
Published: January 2022

Interesting events occur in the administration of education, especially during the acceptance of new students. The community seems to have understood that madrasas are suitable for sending their sons/daughter to school, for them the criteria for madrasas that have a good image are madrasas that have succeeded in satisfying users of educational services. The focus of this research are: 1) How is the strategy of educational services in improving the image of Islamic educational institutions at MTs Madinatul Ilmi? 2) How is the marketing management strategy of Islamic educational institutions at MTs Madinatul Ilmi? 3) How is the impact of the marketing management strategy of Islamic educational institutions at MTs Madinatul Ilmi for the community?. This research includes qualitative research, the type of case study with a multi-case design. The data collection process used the method of observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, the data collected and checked for validity were analyzed by means of date reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Checking the data using the triangulaton method. While the result of this study are: First, Educational services at MTs Madinatul Ilmi prioritize efforts to fulfill customer expectations and satisfaction, this is indicated bay 3 things, namely satisfaction with academic quality services, satisfaction with standardization of teachers and madrasas administrative staff and quality satisfaction of graduates. Second, The marketing strategy in improving the image is carried out by several strategy, and financing strategy. However, an effective strategy at MTs Madinatul Ilmi is to show evidence of the quality of graduates and build an image of service satisfaction through word of mouth. Third, The impact of the marketing strategy and its implications for imaging at MTs Madinatul Ilmi are high customer loyalty for education service users, stronger public trust, community support and effective collaboration between madrasas and parent.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Quantum Teaching Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Di SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Deli Tua, Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Juned M.
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan  hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran aljabar kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Deli Tua, Kabupaten Deli Serdang dengan penerapan model pembelajaran quantum teaching Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 2 siklus,  setiap siklus terdiri 4 kegiatan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi  yang diikuti oleh perencanaan pada siklus berikutnya dengan memanfaatkan hasil refleksi sebelumnya. Adapun rancangan solusi yang dimaksud adalah tindakan berupa penggunaan strategi pembelajaran quantum teaching dalam mengajarkan pokok bahasan aljabar pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Deli Tua, Kabupaten Deli Serdang sebanyak 32 orang. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan pembelajaran Matematika dengan penerapan strategi pembelajaran quantum teaching materi aljabar  dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya hasil belajar  Matematika setiap siklus yaitu dari rata-rata 64,63 menjadi rata-rata 80,72.
Evaluasi Peningkatan Mutu Sekolah Melalui Pengembangan Profesionalisme Guru
Authors: Azwardi Usiono, Rica Widiastuty,
Published: January 2022

Pendidikan merupakan wadah pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan keterampilan agar peserta didik memiliki bekal keahlian dan memiliki pemahaman serta pemikiran yang kritis. Peningkatan mutu pendidikan harus selalu ada evaluasi terutama pada pengembangan profesionalisme guru. Mutu pendidikan/sekolah sangat mempengaruhi peningkatan sumber daya manusia yang lebih bermutu, memiliki wawasan yang luas, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, bertanggung jawab dan beriman serta bertaqwa kepada Tugan Yang Maha Esa. Pembangunan sumber daya manusia merupakan usaha setrategis  yang harus dilakukan pemerintah. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu sekolah dalam mengupayakan pengembangan guru professional agar terwujudnya sekolah yang bermutu dari guru yang bermutu juga. Untuk mewujudkan mutu sekolah harus ada evaluasi yang harus dilakukan pihak sekolah dari berbagai manajemen dan pada penelitian ini yang akan diteliti adalah pengembangan profesionalisme guru atau pendidik pada SD IT Al – Manar.
Hubungan Intensitas Mengikuti Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak Dengan Karakter Religius Siswi Di SMK Cerdas Murni Tembung
Authors: Asmidar Rohimi Sipahutar Hendri Fauza,
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1. Hubungan Intensitas Mengikuti Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak di SMK Cerdas Murni Tembung. 2. Karakter Religius siswa di SMK Cerdas Murni Tembung.3. Hubungan Intensitas Mengikuti Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak Dengan Karakter Religius Siswa Di SMK Cerdas Murni Tembung.Penelitian menggunakan beberapa instrument metode penelitian yaitu observasi, dokumentasi dan angket.Sedangkan analisis data penulis menggunakan analisis data kuantitatif yang ditabelkan secara sistematis dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment. Data yang diolah menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment memperoleh hasil sebagai berikut :”dari hasil koefisien product moment dengan = 228,05 yang dibandingkan dengan 0,265 pada taraf signifikan 0,05% dari sebanyak 54 siswa”, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan  yang signifikan antara Intensitas terhadap karakter religius siswa di SMK Cerdas Murni Tembung
Hukum Dalam Bentuk Kompensasi Bagi Korban Pelanggaran Ham Berat Dari Perspektif UU No 26 Tahun 2000
Authors: Winarti Teti
Published: January 2022

Indonesia sebagai bagian dari komunitas negara-negara di dunia, sekalipun telah ikut menyetujui statuta ini, sampai sekarang belum melakukan ratifikasi dalam hukum nasionalnya, sekalipun sekarang ini telah memiliki Undang-Undang nomor 26 tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia. Itu artinya, belum ada harmonisasi instrument hukum internasional pada sistem hukum nasionalnya terkait dengan ICC, walaupun diakui di dalam UU tersebut bahwa muatan materinya sebagian berkiblat pada Statuta Roma.  Dalam hal ini pengadopsian dan lahirnya UU No 26 Tahun 2000 ini  didasari dan memiliki landasan hukum dalam konstitusi negara, deklarasi universal tentang HAM, Ketetapan MPR RI nomor: XVII/MPR/1998 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia dan Undang- Undang nomor: 39 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia, yang harus dilaksanakan dengan penuh rasa tanggung jawab sesuai dengan falsafah negara Pancasila UU nomor 26 tahun 2000 dapat di katakana sebagai suatu bentuk penegasan terhadap perlindungan terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia yang telah di atur di dalam Undang- Undang nomor: 39 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia , akan tetapi dalam hal ini lebih terkhususnya terhadap pelanggaran HAM berat yang merupakan produk kebijakan criminal ”model kompromi” sebab tidak semua ketentuan dalam UU tersebut persis sama dengan ketentuan yang diatur oleh Statuta Roma.
The Effect Of Bingo Media To Improve Students Vocabulary Of The Eighth Grade Students At SMP S AL – Washliyah 27 Medan
Authors: Yulia Sari Harahap Indah Eka Destry,
Published: January 2022

There are some factors have influenced in teaching vocabulary. The creative teacher will use teaching method which appropriate with the students condition in the class and can attract them to be more interested in learning English especially vocabulary achievement. The aim of this research is to find the significance of Bingo Media in teaching English Vocabulary was observed and analyzed from students of eighth grade of SMP S Al – Washliyah 27 Medan. In this research, Bingo as media was implemented with discussion method in order was chosen in this research to solve the problem. The method of this research is quantitative by taking 60 students as the sample. The population of this research was all grade VIII students  and the sample of this research were VIII – A as the experiment class, grade VIII – B as the control class. Instrument of the research was used multiple choice about Descriptive text. After the research gave the treatment by used Bingo in teaching Vocabulary it showed that pre-test average score of experimental group was 83,67 and control group was 69. Meanwhile, the post-test average of experimental groups was 59,33 and control group was 55. The research above the used Bingo and implementation of discussion method significantly affected on students vocabulary achievement. It could be concluded that the use of Bingo increasing students vocabulary achievement was affective. The result that found in this research was t observed was 6,94 and t table 2,00. It can state that there is significant difference between from students vocabulary scores taught by using Bingo and without Bingo. It means that Bingo Media are quite effective in improving students vocabulary achievement.
Evolving Stroke in Tuberculous Meningitis
Authors: Seng Wee Cheo  , Rosdina Zamrud Ahmad Akbar  , Song Weng Ryan Khoo  , Yee Ann Tan  , Qin Jian Low
Published: January 2022

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis which carries high mortality with 100% mortality without treatment. A neurological complication of TBM includes hydrocephalus, brain abscess and stroke. In this report, we would like to illustrate a case of stroke in a patient with TBM. In this case, a 37-year old man initially presented with fever for 1 week associated with severe headache and occasional vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain showed leptomeningeal enhancement and lumbar puncture findings consistent with infective in nature. His MARAIS score was 13 and was treated as tuberculous meningitis with anti-tuberculous therapy. While in the ward, he developed right-sided body weakness with evolving CT brain findings. His condition then stabilized with anti-tuberculous treatment which consists of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and streptomycin. Dexamethasone was also initiated. On follow up, his condition further improves and is functionally independent. In conclusion, tuberculous meningitis is an aggressive disease with high morbidity. Stroke can occur as a result of TBM. Timely initiation of treatment is important in improving the outcome of the patients.
Prescribing Practice of Third Generation Cephalosporins in Medical Wards at Hospital Queen Elizabeth II (HQEII)
Authors: Nur Fairuz Sabrina Hashim  , Mizan Qishtina , Hong Tshun Kuan  , Dina Cyla Danny  , Lai Shuhua  , Goh Qing Liang
Published: January 2022

Cephalosporins are amongst the most used antibiotics in hospital settings worldwide. The antibiotic report collated by the Pharmacy Department from Hospital Queen Elizabeth II(HQEII) in 2018 reflected high usage of third generation cephalosporins in medical wards, and indeed HQE II was one of the top users nationwide. This study aimed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of third-generation cephalosporins in medical wards as per National Antimicrobial Guidelines (NAG) 2019. A prospective, observational study was conducted in medical wards from June 2019 till January 2020. Patients who were started with third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefoperazone/sulbactam)were recruited, where 137 patients were enrolled with 60.6% were males. The mean age of patients was 53+16.8 years old. Antibiotics were initiated as per NAG recommendation. Cultures were taken before antibiotic initiation. Respiratory-related infections (n = 54, 39.4%) were the main indication and, antibiotics were continued as definite therapy in 38 patients (27.7%). The median duration of antibiotic treatment was 5 days (interquartile range = 3). Ceftazidime (n = 85, 62%) was most prescribed followed by ceftriaxone (n = 48, 35%)and cefotaxime (n = 4, 2.9%) respectively. It was worth noting that ceftazidime was primarilyused as empirical therapy for melioidosis (n = 64, 75.3%), particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus (n = 40, 62.5%), chronic kidney disease (n = 27, 42.2%), and/or occupational exposure (n = 4, 6.3%). The mean ceftazidime duration for empirical melioidosis was 3.2+1.6 days. Overall, third-generation cephalosporins were appropriately prescribed in medical wards as per NAG 2019. Further exploration of ceftazidime usage in empirical melioidosis is warranted.
Unparalleled Experiences of Online Medical Education during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mie Mie Sein  , Mya Sanda Khaing  , Tin Tin Thein  , Ahmedy Fatimah
Published: January 2022

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or Sars-C0v2) pandemic in Malaysia have adversely affected the country in many aspects especially the economy and education sectors. Schools and universities alike are facing challenges in providing quality education to the students  especially during the conditional movement control order (CMCO) periods, where many educational institutions have to close for the safety of students and personnel. Many strategies have been recommended to improve the quality of online teaching to enhance student engagement  in the teaching learning processes. MOOC or Massive Open Online Courses are one of the alternative teaching strategies to advocate the students to access education remotely. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) can be attended by hundreds of students in their own pace and time, which enable them to study from anywhere, at any time virtually. Thus, MOOCs have risen as an alternative option in addition to other  online educational platforms. It is time to take advantage of the uncertain period of COVID-19 into an opportunity to develop the MOOCs as an educational tool for our students. The benefits of MOOCs are self-paced, self-directed, interactive and accessible by unlimited users.
Novel Drug Delivery Systems and its Future Prospects
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Maharashtra, India-415404., K. Shewale Avani , R. Yadav Akshay ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Maharashtra, India-415404., S. Jadhav Ashwini ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Dist-Sangli, Maharashtra, India-415404.
Published: January 2022

Most common methods of delivery include the preferred topical (skin), transmucosal (nasal, buccal, sublingual, vaginal, ocular and rectal) and inhalation routes. The conventional dosage forms provide drug release immediately and it causes fluctuation of drug level in blood depending upon dosage form. Therefore to maintain the drug concentration within therapeutically effective range needs novel drug delivery system. In the past few decades, considerable attention has been focused on the development of novel drug delivery system (NDDS). The NDDS should ideally fulfill two prerequisites. Firstly, it should deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body, over the period of treatment. Secondly, it should channel the active entity to the site of action. In conventional drug delivery systems, there is little or no control over release of the drug and effective concentration at the target site can be achieved by irregular administration of grossly excessive doses. At present, no available drug delivery system behaves ideally, but sincere attempts have been made to achieve them through various novel approaches in drug delivery.
Synthesis, Characterization and Pharmacological Screening of Some Novel 2- substituted and 1(H)-substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives as potent Anti-cancer agents
Authors:   Suresh Gyan Vihar University Mahal, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India- 302017., S. Kore Pankaj , K. Singh Santosh ,   Suresh Gyan Vihar University Mahal, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India- 302017., K. Mohite Shrinivas ,   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy. Kasegaon, Dist. Sangli. Maharashtra, India- 415404.
Published: January 2022

The most of drugs containing Benzimidazole ring is a prominent structural motif found in numerous therapeutically active compounds. Benzimidazole and its synthetic analogues have been found to exhibit industrial, agricultural and biological application such as antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, anticoagulant, as well as good antifungal and anti microbial activity. Recent advances in technology considers microwave irradiation energy as the most efficient means of heating reactions for chemical transformations that can be accomplished in a minutes. Microwave irradiation assists organic synthesis (MAOS) not only helps in implementing green chemistry but also led to progress in organic synthesis. We report pharmacological screening of some novel 2 substituted and 1(h)-substituted Benzimidazole derivatives.
MIDDLE EAR DISORDERS AMONG CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN CHILDREN: A CONJOINT EXPOSITION
Authors: Islam Saba , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam
Published: January 2022

Objective: To analyze the frequency of middle ear disorders among the cleft lip and palate and association with hearing Loss.

Study Design: Cross Sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Audiology Department of Cleft Hospital, Gujrat and ENT department of National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Islamabad, from Oct 2018 to Mar 2019.

Methodology: We recruited a sample of 100 cleft lip and palate children of both genders, aged 3 month to 12 years, using nonprobability sampling. Screening was performed with otoscopy, tympanometry and hearing assessment.

Results: Out of sample population, 62% were males and 38% females with a mean age of 2.27 ± 2.73 years. The middle ear disorders were found to be 70%. Among these otitis media with effusion was the most common 43 (61.43%), followed by Acute otitis media 8 (11.43%) and Eustachian tube dysfunction 6 (8.57%). Tympanosclerosis and dry tympanic membrane perforation were the least common. Statistically significant association of hearing loss was found with the middle ear disorders (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Middle ear disorders especially otitis media with effusion are common in cleft lip/ palate children.
DELAYED ORAL FEEDING IN PATIENTS OF SALVAGE LARYNGECTOMY AND ITS EFFECT ON DEVELOPMENT OF PHARYNGOCUTANEOUS FISTULA
Authors: Mushahid Uzair , Raza Sayed Nusrat , Akbar Farhan
Published: January 2022

Objective: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a complication of post radiotherapy total laryngectomy. Early post operative feeding is a risk factor for development of PCF. Delayed oral feeding (DOF) and inserting a nasogastric tube has been considered a safe practice among head and neck surgeons, and there is no general agreement on the timing of initiation of the oral intake. This study compared the effect of EOF and DOF on PCF formation.

Study Design: Prospective case-controlled trial.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Apr 2019 to Jul 2020.

Methodology: Non-probability convenience sampling was done for both groups. The patients were not matched and were assigned to either EOF or DOF alternately. EOF was defined as feeding at seventh post operative day and DOF criterion was feeding on fourteenth post operative day. The primary outcome was development of PCF within the 30th post operative day. A total of 20 patients with prior radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer who presented with recurrence of carcinoma were included in the study. Same technique closure of neopharynx was done in all cases of laryngectomy.

Results: Overall PCF frequency was 20% (4/20). In EOF group, 30% (3/10) of patients developed PCF whereas 10% (1/10) of patients in DOF developed PCF. However, the difference in outcome of two groups was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: DOF in cases of Salvage total laryngectomy is a safe practice and it might help to reduce the frequency of pharyngocutaneous fistula.
TREATMENT OF VERTIGO- WITH & WITHOUT ANXIOLYTIC DRUG (ALPRAZOLAM 0.25MG)
Authors: Ayub Muhammad Waqas , Bukhari Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir , Raza Mohsin , Waqas Asma , Khan Beenish Hassan , Najam Atif
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the effect of using the tablet Alprazolam 0.25mg in the treatment outcome of vertigo related anxiety by beck anxiety inventory.

Study Design: Comparative study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Okara Cantt, Sep 2018 to Jun 2020.

Methodology: A total of 384 patients were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to group A and B by randomized clinical trial. Group A was given tablet alprazolam 0.25 mg along with the conventional treatment of vertigo and group B was given the treatment of vertigo only and no anxiolytic was added. Their pre & post treatment (after 2 weeks) anxiety level using Beck anxiety inventory was scored.

Results: There was a significant improvement in group A patient’s vertigo effects after treatment with alprazolam. Also, it was observed that group A patients responded significant improvement in anxiety score as compared to Group B patients 02 weeks post treatment.

Conclusion: Antianxiety treatment should be added in all cases with the conventional treatment of vertigo to reduce the vertigo associated anxiety of the patients.
COMPARISON OF VALIDITY OF FNACAND ZIEHL–NEELSEN STAINS IN DIAGNOSING CERVICAL TUBERCULOUS LYMPHADENITIS
Authors: Qaiser Aisha , Niazi Muhammad Babar Sohail , Hassan Zaheer Ul , Khattak Shahid Farroq , Iqbal Shahid , Akbar Sunarays
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the validity of FNAC & ZN staining in diagnosing tuberculous lymphadenitis taking mycobacterial culture as gold standard.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pathology department, Fauji Foundation Hospital Peshawar, from Oct 2019 to Sep 2020.

Methodology: This study includes 100 patients with enlarged cervical lymph nodes who presented as outdoor patients. After routine baseline & radiological investigations, FNAC & ZN staining was carried out, followed by mycobacterial culture.

Results: FNAC of tuberculous patients was positive in 56 (56%) patients while 24 (24%) patients revealed posi-tive mycobacterial culture. Inpatients with positive culture, 77 (77%) were FNAC positive and 23 (23%) were negative on cytology.

Conclusion: Fine needle aspiration is more sensitive & specific test than Ziehl-Neelsen staining.