bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semiconducting polymer-based nanoparticles for photothermal therapy at the second near-infrared window
Authors: Wei Zuwu , Wu Ming , Lan Shanyou , Li Jiong , Zhang Xiaolong , Zhang Da , Liu Xiaolong , Liu Jingfeng
Published: November 2018

We designed novel diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer based nanoparticles (DPP-IID-FA), which exhibited strong light absorption and excellent photothermal conversion in the NIR optical window, and displayed high biocompatibility and photostability.
The other side of the superoxide radical anion: its ability to chemically repair DNA oxidized sites
Authors: Muñoz-Rugeles Leonardo , Galano Annia , Alvarez-Idaboy Juan Raúl
Published: November 2018

Even though reaction of the superoxide anion radical/hydroperoxide radical could lead to oxidation of biomolecules, it can reduce oxidized DNA at diffusion controlled rates.
A ruthenium(ii) complex–cyanine energy transfer scaffold based luminescence probe for ratiometric detection and imaging of mitochondrial peroxynitrite
Authors: Zhang Wenzhu , Liu Yi , Gao Quankun , Liu Chaolong , Song Bo , Zhang Run , Yuan Jingli
Published: November 2018

We report a ratiometric luminescence probe for sensing and imaging of mitochondrial ONOO− based on a ruthenium(ii) complex–cyanine energy transfer scaffold.
Structural characterization and magnetic property determination of nanocrystalline Ba3Fe2WO9 and Sr3Fe2WO9 perovskites prepared by a modified aqueous sol–gel route
Authors: Bijelić Jelena , Stanković Anamarija , Matasović Brunislav , Marković Berislav , Bijelić Mirjana , Skoko Željko , Popović Jasminka , Štefanić Goran , Jagličić Zvonko , Zellmer Sabrina , Preller Tobias , Garnweitner Georg , Đorđević Tamara , Cop Pascal , Smarsly Bernd , Djerdj Igor
Published: November 2018

Characterization of nanocrystalline triple perovskites synthesized by a novel modified sol–gel route instead of bulk materials synthesized by a solid-state route.
Novel Prussian-blue-analogue microcuboid assemblies and their derived catalytic performance for effective reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Feng Yongqiang , Sakaki Masoud , Kim Jae-hyun , Huang Jianfeng , Kajiyoshi Koji
Published: November 2018

Novel Co–Fe PBA microcuboids (MCBs) were solvothermally synthesized in the presence of PVP for the first time, and the cuboid-derived catalyst, CoFe/NC-MCBs, showed excellent catalytic performance for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Multistimuli-responsive small-molecule compound with aggregation-induced emission enhancement characteristics: preparation, properties and applications
Authors: Li Qiangjun , Yuan Yongjie , He Lifang , Liu Shenglan , Zhang Hailiang
Published: November 2018

A novel multifunctional luminescent small-molecule compound with aggregation-induced emission enhancement characteristics was successfully designed and synthesized.
The leading role of the steric hindrance effect and dipole–dipole interaction in superlattice nanostructures formed via the assembly of discotic liquid crystals
Authors: Zhang Zhenhu , Yang Huanzhi , Bi Jingze , Zhang Ao , Fang Yi , Feng Yuwen , An Li , Liang Lijuan , Zhang Chunxiu , Pu Jialing
Published: November 2018

The effect of steric hindrance and dipole–dipole interactions are a prerequisite for the formation of ordered plastic phases.
New tetralactam hosts for squaraine dyes
Authors: Dempsey Janel M. , Zhang Qi-Wei , Oliver Allen G. , Smith Bradley D.
Published: November 2018

Tetralactam macrocycles with similar substituents (methyl, methoxy, methylenedioxy) on the macrocycle aromatic sidewalls have very different squaraine recognition properties.
Preparation of MoS2/Ti3C2Tx composite as anode material with enhanced sodium/lithium storage performance
Authors: Du Guangyuan , Tao Mengli , Gao Wei , Zhang Youquan , Zhan Renming , Bao Shujuan , Xu Maowen
Published: November 2018

MoS2/Ti3C2 composite with high specific capacity, good rate performance and fast ion diffusion kinetics was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method.
Cascade reaction involving Diels–Alder cascade: modular synthesis of amino α-pyrones, indolines and anilines
Authors: Shen Yangyong , Wang Chaorong , Chen Wei , Cui Sunliang
Published: November 2018

A cascade reaction involving Diels–Alder reaction for modular synthesis of amino α-pyrones, indolines and anilines is reported.
Visible-light-induced selective amination of enol ethers with N-alkoxyamides by using DDQ as a photoredox catalyst
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chen Wei , Wang Lei , Li Pinhua
Published: November 2018

Nitrogen-centered radical (NCR) mediated amination of enol ethers has been developed under visible-light irradiation and metal-free conditions.
Correction: The potential of paper-based diagnostics to meet the ASSURED criteria
Authors: Smith Suzanne , Korvink Jan G. , Mager Dario , Land Kevin
Published: November 2018

Correction for ‘The potential of paper-based diagnostics to meet the ASSURED criteria’ by Suzanne Smith et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 34012–34034.
Highly efficient wide-color-gamut QD-emissive LCDs using red and green perovskite core/shell QDs
Authors: Yoon Hee Chang , Lee Hyeongjin , Kang Hyelim , Oh Ji Hye , Do Young Rag
Published: November 2018

Highly stable and luminescent CsPbX3/CsPb2Br5 core/shell-structure perovskite quantum dot (PeQD) films can be realized as a color-by-blue PeQD-emissive LCD.
Structural studies of the spliceosome: past, present and future perspectives
Authors: Galej Wojciech P.
Published: November 2018

The spliceosome is a multi-subunit RNA–protein complex involved in the removal of non-coding segments (introns) from between the coding regions (exons) in precursors of messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Intron removal proceeds via two transesterification reactions, occurring between conserved sequences at intron–exon junctions. A tightly regulated, hierarchical assembly with a multitude of structural and compositional rearrangements posed a great challenge for structural studies of the spliceosome. Over the years, X-ray crystallography dominated the field, providing valuable high-resolution structural information that was mostly limited to individual proteins and smaller sub-complexes. Recent developments in the field of cryo-electron microscopy allowed the visualisation of fully assembled yeast and human spliceosomes, providing unprecedented insights into substrate recognition, catalysis, and active site formation. This has advanced our mechanistic understanding of pre-mRNA splicing enormously.
Ribosomal flavours: an acquired taste for specific mRNAs?
Authors: Bates Christian , Hubbard Simon J. , Ashe Mark P.
Published: November 2018

The regulation of translation is critical in almost every aspect of gene expression. Nonetheless, the ribosome is historically viewed as a passive player in this process. However, evidence is accumulating to suggest that variations in the ribosome can have an important influence on which mRNAs are translated. Scope for variation is provided via multiple avenues, including heterogeneity at the level of both ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNAs and their covalent modifications. Together, these variations provide the potential for hundreds, if not thousands, of flavours of ribosome, each of which could have idiosyncratic preferences for the translation of certain messenger RNAs. Indeed, perturbations to this heterogeneity appear to affect specific subsets of transcripts and manifest as cell-type-specific diseases. This review provides a historical perspective of the ribosomal code hypothesis, before outlining the various sources of heterogeneity, their regulation and functional consequences for the cell.
Executive Function Skills in School-Age Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Language Abilities
Authors: Ellis Weismer Susan , Kaushanskaya Margarita , Larson Caroline , Mathée Janine , Bolt Daniel
Published: November 2018

Purpose

This article reviews research on executive function (EF) skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the relation between EF and language abilities. The current study assessed EF using nonverbal tasks of inhibition, shifting, and updating of working memory (WM) in school-age children with ASD. It also evaluated the association between children's receptive and expressive language abilities and EF performance.

Method

In this study, we sought to address variables that have contributed to inconsistencies in this area of research—including task issues, group comparisons, and participant heterogeneity. EF abilities in children with ASD (n= 48) were compared to typically developing controls (n= 71) matched on age, as well as when statistically controlling for group differences in nonverbal cognition, socioeconomic status, and social communication abilities. Six nonverbal EF tasks were administered—2 each to evaluate inhibition, shifting, and WM. Language abilities were assessed via a standardized language measure. Language–EF associations were examined for the ASD group as a whole and subdivided by language status.

Results

Children with ASD exhibited significant deficits in all components of EF compared to age-mates and showed particular difficulty with shifting after accounting for group differences in nonverbal cognition. Controlling for social communication—a core deficit in ASD—eliminated group differences in EF performance. A modest association was observed between language (especially comprehension) and EF skills, with some evidence of different patterns between children on the autism spectrum with and without language impairment.

Conclusions

There is a need for future research to examine the direction of influence between EF and language. It would be beneficial for EF interventions with children with ASD to consider language outcomes and, conversely, to examine whether specific language training facilitates aspects of executive control in children on the autism spectrum.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7298144
Characterization and modeling of the polarization phenomenon to describe salt rejection by nanofiltration
Authors: Mdemagh Yassine , Hafiane Amor , Ferjani Ezzedine
Published: November 2018

In this work, dead-end filtration was applied to the nanofiltration of synthetic ionic solutions. In order to study the phenomenon of polarization in the boundary layer, we chose NaCl, CaCl2 and Na2(SO4) solutions to pH = 6.8 which concentrations varies from 0.3 to 1.5 g L−1 and the filtration pressure varied from 6 to 16 bar. In this study, the results of these experiments show a correlation between the initial concentration of the solution and the pressure applied with the polarization. The polarization intensifies for the high concentrations and pressures. The ionic balance between the microscopic zone of polarization and the macroscopic state of the solution is described by the following key equation of the model:

[see formula in PDF]

The novelty of this model that it is sufficient to know the conductivity and volume flow of permeate solution to calculate precisely the polarization concentration at the membrane surface, the thickness of the polarization layer and the concentration profile inside the boundary layer polarization. It is important to note that the model developed does not take into account the clogging phenomenon because the experiments were done on low concentration synthetic ionic solutions.
Aspects réglementaires du diagnostic génétique en France
Authors: Zordan Cécile , Dorian Virginie , Jameau Laetitia , Goizet Cyril
Published: November 2018

La dernière révision des lois de bioéthique encadrant la prescription d’un examen des caractéristiques génétiques a modifié les pratiques. Au-delà des droits du patient à recevoir une information claire et loyale, le prescripteur doit également l’informer, avant même la prescription de cette analyse, de ses devoirs vis-à-vis des membres de sa famille en cas d’identification d’une anomalie génétique. À l’heure des techniques de séquençage à haut-débit et de leur application aux différentes spécialités médicales, une collaboration entre spécialistes d’organes et service de génétique médicale est fortement recommandée.
Acupunture et douleurs musculaires dans les dystrophies musculaires
Authors: Sautreuil Patrick , Nga Brignol Tuy , Thoumie Philippe
Published: November 2018

Les douleurs musculaires ou myofasciales en relation avec une dystrophie musculaire peuvent-elles être soulagées par une acupuncture centrée sur le muscle ? Après un rappel sur les notions-clés de « trigger points myofasciaux » et de manipulations spécifiques des aiguilles d’acupuncture, nous rapportons quelques cas cliniques complexes parmi les patients atteints de maladies musculaires (MNM) et de la maladie de Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT) chez qui les douleurs myofasciales n’ont pas pu être contrôlées par des traitements médicamenteux et/ou par des techniques physiques. Ces patients ont été vus en consultation externe entre 2010 et 2017 à l’hôpital Rothschild, dans le service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation (MPR), en lien avec le Centre de Référence neuromusculaire « Paris-Nord/Est/Île-de-France ». Après la consultation initiale, plusieurs protocoles de soins ont été proposés, parmi lesquels figurait l’acupuncture effectuée par un médecin MPR.
Combien de patients atteints de SMA en France ?
Authors: Urtizberea J. Andoni , Daidj Ferroudja ,   le réseau Filnemus
Published: November 2018

L’épidémiologie des amyotrophies spinales infantiles (ASI ou SMA pour spinal muscular atrophy) reste à faire en France. Bien qu’appartenant aux maladies rares, elle n’en est pas moins fréquente parmi les maladies génétiques de l’enfant. En l’absence d’un registre ou d’une banque de données vraiment opérationnels, les différents acteurs concernés par la SMA sont condamnés à se référer aux seules données de la littérature internationale. À l’heure où le comptage des individus pouvant potentiellement bénéficier de thérapies innovantes comme le nusinersen devient un enjeu crucial, notamment pour les autorités de santé, la filière de santé neuromusculaire Filnemus a pris l’initiative de contribuer à cet inventaire, à l’aide de son réseau de centres de compétence et de référence. À cet effet, deux enquêtes, de portée et de méthodologie distinctes, ont été réalisées ces derniers mois.
15es JSFM : Prix Master 2017
Authors: Hou Cyrielle , Baba-Amer Yasmine , Bencze Maximilien , Relaix Frédéric , Jérôme Authier François
Published: November 2018

Les myopathies inflammatoires et dysimmunitaires (DIMs) touchent 14/100 000 personnes dans le monde. Ces pathologies sont classées par des critères immunopathologiques en quatre groupes : (1) polymyosites (PM)/ myosites à inclusions (IBM), (2) dermatomyosites, (3) myopathies nécrosantes auto-immunes et (4) myosites de chevauchement comprenant le syndrome anti-synthétase (ASS). Les ASS et PM/IBM sont caractérisées par la présence d’infiltrats inflammatoires mononucléés. Récemment, nous avons mis en évidence une expression myocytaire du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité de type 2 (CMH2) dans les muscles de patients atteints d’ASS et d’IBM. L’expression du CMH2 est connue pour être induite par l’interféron-gamma (IFNγ) dans les cellules myogéniques. Or, les lymphocytes T CD8 (LTCD8), cellules productrices d’IFNγ sont retrouvés à proximité des fibres musculaires CMH2 positives. Cette cytokine inhibe la différenciation musculaire in vitro par l’interaction CIITA-myogénine (CIITA : major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator). Les mécanismes impliquant une toxicité musculaire médiée par les lymphocytes dans les DIMs restent inconnus. Les objectifs de ce projet sont dans un premier temps de caractériser les effets de l’IFNγ sur la biologie des cellules musculaires par des approches morphologiques, moléculaires et cellulaires. Puis, d’identifier le rôle de l’IFNγ dans ces myopathies et son impact au cours de la régénération musculaire. Des études préliminaires in vitro ont été réalisées sur des myoblastes humains et murins exposés ou non à l’IFNγ. Nos résultats devraient permettre d’obtenir de meilleures connaissances sur la physiopathologie des DIMs et d’identifier de potentielles nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques.
Glané sur le Web “GLOW”
Authors: Kaplan Jean-Claude , Muchir Antoine
Published: November 2018

Cette nouvelle rubrique est appelée « GLOW », contraction de GLeaned On the Web, car elle concerne une actualité chaude et éclairante, glanée parmi les innombrables « scoops » bio-médicaux qui inondent la toile. Elle se propose d’élargir l’horizon des lecteurs hors du champ de la stricte myologie.
Update – Lithium in der Phasenprophylaxe Bipolarer Störungen
Authors: Petzold Johannes , Bauer Michael , Severus Emanuel
Published: November 2018

Lithium ist der Goldstandard in der Phasenprophylaxe Bipolarer Störungen und das einzige Medikament für das es eine überzeugende suizidpräventive Wirkung bei affektiven Erkrankungen gibt. Unter Berücksichtigung eines regelmäßigen Monitorings ist Lithium eine zumeist gut verträgliche und sichere Phasenprophylaxe, die nach sorgfältiger Risiko-Nutzen-Abwägung auch eine off-label Therapieoption in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit darstellt. Darüber hinaus gibt es Hinweise, dass Lithium neuroprotektiv wirken mag und möglicherweise das Risiko für eine Alzheimer-Demenz und Schlaganfälle senken kann. Perspektivisch könnten Biomarker zur Verfügung stehen, mit denen man das Ansprechen auf Lithium voraussagen kann und damit personalisiertere Therapien entwickeln könnte.
Back Pain in Rowers: A Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence, Pain Characteristics and Risk Factors
Authors: Trompeter Katharina , Fett Daniela , Platen Petra
Published: November 2018

Objectives To establish the prevalence of back pain in rowers at different competition levels and rowing typologies compared with a non-rowing control group; to determine different time periods, the location on the spine, and different pain characteristics. Additionally to evaluated different risk factors that might be responsible for back pain.

Methods A standardized and validated online back pain questionnaire was sent to elite and non-elite rowers of different rowing typologies, and a physically active non-rowing control group.

Results Responses from 156 rowers (104 elite and 52 non-elite/ 49 scull and 76 sweep rowers) and 166 controls were received. Back pain prevalence and severity was significantly higher among rowers compared with controls, and among scull compared with sweep rowers. The lower back was the main location of back pain in rowers of all competition levels and typologies, and in controls. Age, sex, and training volume influenced the prevalence of back pain. Rowing kinematics, strength, and ergometer training were the main associated risk factors for back pain in rowers.

Conclusions Back pain in different spinal locations is a common complaint in rowers of different typologies and competition levels. Rowing kinematics, strength, and ergometer training are the main associated risk factors for developing back pain in rowers. Thus, the spinal load due to rowing kinematics and different types of training should be investigated in future studies. Additionally, training should be monitored by experienced coaches to prevent back pain due to technical mistakes or too-heavy loads.
Endoscopic suturing as a less invasive approach for the treatment of anastomotic leakage after esophagogastrostomy – a case report
Authors: Schlosser Tobias , Feisthammel Juergen , Gockel Ines , Mössner Joachim , Hoffmeister Albrecht
Published: November 2018

Anastomotic leakage is a frequent complication after gastrointestinal (GI) surgery and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endoluminal therapy offers numerous advantages compared to surgical revision. We present the case of a 74-year-old female patient with anastomotic leakage after esophagogastrostomy. The defect was closed using the OverStitch endoscopic suturing system with immediate technical and clinical success. Hereby, an example of the feasibility of this novel technique in a case of anastomotic leakage is presented and provides an outlook for the rising importance of endoscopic therapy.
Dekontextualisierung: Stationäre Suchttherapie in Südafrika für niederländische Patienten
Authors: van Hoof Jacques , Young Susanne , Joos Ruben , Sennef Cor , Nabitz Udo , Dekker Jack
Published: November 2018

Das Niederländische Gesundheitssystem unterscheidet sich fundamental von der Deutschen Gesundheitsversorgung durch eine regulierte Marktwirtschaft und eine integrierte Suchthilfe. In diesem Rahmen wurden Innovationen gefördert, wie z. B. eine stationäre Suchttherapie in Südafrika. Die neuen Behandlungsformen müssen jedoch einen Effizienznachweis erbringen.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden explorativen Kohortenstudie ist die Dokumentation der Behandlungseffekte einer Suchtfachklinik in Südafrika, in der niederländische Patienten nach dem Prinzip der ‚Dekontextualisierung‘ behandelt werden. Die 152 Patienten hatten entsprechend der DSM IV Klassifikation die Diagnose Alkohol-, Kokain-, Cannabisabhängigkeit oder eine Verhaltenssucht. Nach dem Intake-Gespräch in den Niederlanden folgte eine 6- bis 8-wöchige intensive stationäre Behandlung in Südafrika und eine Nachsorge in den Niederlanden.

Die katamnestische Erhebung wurde mittels eines telefonischen Interviews 12 Monate nach dem Intake-Gespräch durchgeführt. Es wurden 79 Patienten erreicht, von denen 66% abstinent waren. Im Rückblick beurteilten die Patienten drei Therapiekomponenten als die wirksamsten: die ‚Dekontextualisierung‘, d. h. aus der eigenen vertrauten Umgebung entfernt zu sein, die individuelle Psychotherapie und den Kontakt mit anderen Patienten. Diese Resultate sind ein erster Schritt des Effizienznachweises und ein Anstoß, das Konzept der ‚Dekontextualisierung‘ im Rahmen der Suchttherapie weiter zu klären.
Risikofaktoren für hypertensive und zerebrale Amyloidangiopathie-assoziierte intracerebrale Blutungen: ein retrospektiver Vergleich
Authors: Matz Oliver , Arndt Andre , Litmathe Jens , Dafotakis Manuel , Block Frank
Published: November 2018

Einleitung Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war der Vergleich möglicher Risikofaktoren für die beiden häufigsten Formen der spontanen intracerebralen Blutung (ICB): der hypertensiven ICB und der mit einer zerebralen Amyloidangiopathie (ZAA) assoziierten ICB.

Methoden Retrospektiv wurden verschiedene Parameter und Faktoren bei Patienten mit einer hypertensiven ICB (n = 141) und Patienten mit einer ZAAassoziierten ICB (n = 95) verglichen. Dazu zählten Alter, INR-Wert und Blutdruck bei Aufnahme, kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren sowie die Vormedikation. Als Testverfahren wurden der Chi-Quadrat-Test mit der Yates‘ Kontinuitätskorrektur sowie der t-Test verwendet.

Ergebnisse Patienten der Gruppe mit ZAA-assoziierter ICB waren signifikant älter als Patienten mit einer hypertensiven ICB (p = 0,001). Zudem bestanden bei den ZAA-Patienten signifikant häufiger eine ASS-Vormedikation (p = 0,042) sowie ein vorausgegangener Schlaganfall (p = 0,048). Patienten beider Gruppen hatten zu einem großen Anteil einen arteriellen Hypertonus als Vordiagnose in der Vorgeschichte, wobei dies bei Patienten mit einer hypertensiven ICB signifikant häufiger vorlag (p < 0,001). Patienten mit einer hypertensiven ICB hatten außerdem signifikant höhere systolische und diastolische Blutdruckwerte (p < 0,001) sowie höhere INR-Werte (p = 0,005) bei Aufnahme. In einer Subgruppenanalyse mit Ausschluss aller antikoagulierter Patienten (ZAA-Gruppe: n = 78, hypertensive ICB-Gruppe: n = 99) ergaben sich ähnliche Ergebnisse. Bezüglich eines vorausgegangenen Schlaganfalls ergab sich hierbei jedoch kein signifikanter Unterschied (p = 0,037), dagegen bestand ein signifikanter Unterschied bezüglich einer Vormedikation mit einem Statin (p = 0,032).

Schlussfolgerung Der arterielle Hypertonus ist bei beiden Blutungsformen ein relevanter Risikofaktor und sollte daher zur Blutungsprophylaxe adäquat behandelt werden. Zur genaueren Einordung weiterer Risikofaktoren sind Studien mit größeren Fallzahlen notwendig.
Differences in Ankle ROM Between Young Men and Women With a History of Ankle Sprain
Authors: Kim Jung-Hyun , Sung Eun-Sook
Published: November 2018

Background Ankle injuries are the most common injuries in sports. However, very little is known about sex differences in ankle range of motion (ROM) between ankle joints with an episode of ankle sprain (ASE) and those without an episode of ankle sprain (non-ASE). This study aimed to investigate the differences of ankle ROM between men and women with and without ASE.

Methods 26 ASE had at least one episode of ankle injury in the last 6 to 12 months. 35 non-ASE served as a control group. All subjects were examined in supine position and the ankle ROM was calculated by the sum of inversion (IV), eversion (EV), plantar flexion (PF) and dorsiflexion (DF) in both ankles.

Results Subjects with ASE had a significantly smaller ROM regarding EV than non-ASE subjects in both ankles. The male subjects with ASE had a significantly higher EV and IV compared with the female subjects. However, ROM in PF was significantly lower among men compared with women who had ASE.

Conclusions Our findings suggest that the ROM after ASE affects PF in male and EV in female patients. This could point to sex-based prevention and rehabilitation after ankle injury.
Factores Pronósticos de Recurrencia y Mortalidad en los Pacientes con Tumor de Urotelio Superior Tratados con Cirugía
Authors: Aragón Chamizo Juan , Herranz Amo Felipe , González Enguita Carmen , Hernández Fernández Carlos
Published: November 2018

Objetivo Identificar factores pronósticos de recurrencia y mortalidad cáncer-específica en pacientes con tumor de urotelio superior tratados con cirugía.

Material y Métodos Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes con tumor de urotelio superior operados entre 1999 y 2011 (139 pacientes). Se recogieron variables demográficas, clínicas, diagnósticas y patológicas así como el tratamiento, las complicaciones y la evolución. Análisis descriptivo mediante la prueba de la Chi cuadrado para variables categóricas y el test ANOVA para variables continuas. Análisis univariante y multivariante mediante modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox. Significación estadística si p < 0,05. Cálculos realizados con SPSS statistics v-21.

Resultados En el análisis multivariante se identificaron como factores predictores independientes de recurrencia: crecimiento sólido tumoral (HR = 4,02; p < 0,001) y alto grado citológico (G3) (HR = 3,42; p = 0,01). La presencia de tumor vesical previo o concomitante (HR = 1,84; p = 0,07) presentó una tendencia a la significación. Se identificaron como factores predictores independientes de mortalidad cáncer-específica: presencia de tumor vesical previo o concomitante (HR = 2,23; p = 0,02), crecimiento sólido tumoral (HR = 2,73; p = 0,008), presencia de hidronefrosis (HR = 2,46; p = 0,02) y estadio patológico avanzado pT3-pT4 (HR = 2,74; p = 0,01).

Conclusión En nuestra serie, la existencia de tumor vesical previo o sincrónico, el crecimiento tumoral sólido y el alto grado citológico se comportaron como factores pronósticos de recurrencia. La hidronefrosis, el tumor vesical previo o sincrónico, el estadio pT3–4 y el crecimiento tumoral sólido, se comportaron como factores pronósticos de mortalidad cáncer-específica.
Recurrent Cholangiocarcinoma in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Francis Antonia , Chang Michelle , Dolin Cara , Chervenak Judith , Cardonick Elyce
Published: November 2018

Hepatobiliary malignancies during pregnancy are extremely rare and portend a poor prognosis. There are only seven published cases of cholangiocarcinoma in an obstetrical patient, all are cases of primary cholangiocarcinoma (1–7). Herein, we describe the first case of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma during pregnancy. The patient did not receive chemotherapy during pregnancy and required prolonged hospitalizations for nutritional and intensive medical support. She delivered preterm, at 30 2/7 weeks gestation, after developing pre-eclampsia with severe features. The infant was healthy, with no malformations, and currently exhibits no neurological or behavioral sequelae at 8months of age. We discuss themanagement considerations inherent to this complex clinical scenario including metastatic disease severity, ethical considerations, and palliative care treatment options.
Proline 36 of the Factor XIII Activation Peptide Plays a Crucial Role in Substrate Recognition and Zymogen Activation
Authors: Li Bojun , Billur Ramya , Maurer Muriel , Kohler Hans , Raddatz Müller Pascale , Alberio Lorenzo , Schroeder Verena
Published: November 2018

The activation peptide of blood coagulation factor XIII (AP-FXIII) has important functions in stabilizing the FXIII-A2 dimer and regulating FXIII activation. Contributions of many of its 37 amino acids to these functions have been described. However, the role of proline 36, which is adjacent to the thrombin cleavage site at Arg37, has not yet been studied in detail. We approached this question when we came across a patient with congenital FXIII deficiency in whom we detected a novel Pro36Ser mutation. We expressed the mutant FXIII-A Pro36Ser protein in Chinese hamster ovary cells and found that this mutation does not influence FXIII-A expression but significantly inhibits proteolytic activation by thrombin. The enzymatic transglutaminase activity is not affected as it can be induced in the presence of high Ca2+ concentrations. We performed nuclear magnetic resonance analysis to investigate AP-FXIII–thrombin interactions, which showed that the mutant Ser36 peptide binds less well to the thrombin surface than the native Pro36 peptide. The Arg37 at the P1 position still makes strong interactions with the active site cleft but the P4–P2 residues (34VVS36) appear to be less well positioned to contact the neighbouring thrombin active site region. In conclusion, we have characterized a novel mutation in AP-FXIII representing only the fourth case of the rare FXIII-A type II deficiency. This case served as a perfect in vivo model to shed light on the crucial role of Pro36 in the proteolytic activation of FXIII-A. Our results contribute to the understanding of structure–function relationship in FXIII.
Asymptomatic Deep Vein Thrombosis is Associated with an Increased Risk of Death: Insights from the APEX Trial
Authors: Kalayci Arzu , Gibson C. , Chi Gerald , Yee Megan , Korjian Serge , Datta Sudarshana , Nafee Tarek , Gurin Mike , Haroian Noah , Qamar Iqra , Hull Russell , Hernandez Adrian , Cohen Alexander , Harrington Robert , Goldhaber Samuel
Published: November 2018

Aim Asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) diagnosed with compression ultrasound (CUS) is a common endpoint in trials assessing the efficacy of anticoagulants to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE), but the relationship of asymptomatic thrombus to mortality remains uncertain.

Methods In the APEX trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01583218), 7,513 acutely ill hospitalized medical patients were randomly assigned to extended-duration betrixaban (35–42 days) or enoxaparin (10 ± 4 days). Asymptomatic DVT was assessed once with CUS between day 32 and 47, and mortality was assessed through 77 days.

Results A total of 309 asymptomatic DVTs were detected through CUS. Of these, 133 (4.27%) subjects were in the betrixaban group, and 176 (5.55%) subjects were in the enoxaparin group (relative risk = 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.62–0.97, p = 0.025, number needed to treat = 79). With respect to all-cause mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, non-cardiovascular diseases and unknown causes, the number of the deaths was 5 (1.67%), 4 (1.34%) and 1 (0.33%) in the asymptomatic DVT group and 25 (0.42%), 33 (0.56%) and 11 (0.19%) in the no DVT group, respectively. Subjects with an asymptomatic DVT had an almost threefold increase in the risk of all-cause mortality compared with subjects without DVT (hazard ratio = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.48–5.57, p = 0.001). A positive linear trend was observed between greater thrombus burden and mortality during the follow-up (p = 0.019).

Conclusion Asymptomatic DVT was associated with approximately threefold increased risk of short-term all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized with an acute medical illness within the prior 77 days. A positive linear trend was observed between greater thrombus burden and mortality during the follow-up.
Predietary Counseling in Ketogenic Diet: The 5R Model
Authors: Rosha Rahul , Singla Rajiv , Kalra Bharti
Published: November 2018

A major determinant of success while following a ketogenic diet is the counseling that precedes and accompanies the dietary advice. Effective predietary counseling lays a strong foundation upon which successful outcomes can be built. Predietary counseling, an art as well as a science, is best understood through a bio-psychosocial viewpoint. This brief communication shares an alliteratively named model, the 5R rubric. Rapport, realistic realization, reliability, readiness to change, and relationship must be explored and improved during the process of counseling. These five R's remind one to practice continuous, holistic counseling, without forgetting any of the factors that may impact outcomes. Pre-ketodietary counseling is a theranostic intervention, as it helps in both assessment (diagnosis) and improving outcomes (therapeutics).
Dietary Management of Diabetes: Focus on Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Singla Rajiv , Rosha Rahul , Kalra Sanjay
Published: November 2018

In an era of ever-increasing burden of obesity and diabetes, an out-of-the-box thinking is required to challenge the status quo. With dismal results of current nutritional and therapeutic armamentarium, ketogenic diet can provide this opportunity. Ketogenic diet has profound pathophysiological as well as evolutionary basis for it to be used as a tool in diabetes management. Despite progressively accumulating evidence for clinical efficacy and safety, widespread adoption of ketogenic diet remains low due to lack of expertise and standard guidelines.
Temperature decoupled viscosity-density product measurement in liquid by utilizing a dual-mode AlN-based acoustic wave resonator
Authors: Zhang Feng , Chen Cong , Dou Shaoxu , Zhou Hong , Yang Jing , Wang Dengpan , Chen Yu , Cheng Yuhua , Shang Zhengguo , Mu Xiaojing
Published: November 2018

In this letter, we report a two-in-one acoustic wave resonator with Rayleigh and Lamb modes for temperature decoupled viscosity-density product sensing. The Lamb mode of the resonator is sensitive to both the viscosity-density product and the ambient temperature, while the Rayleigh mode only responds to the ambient temperature and is not affected by liquid properties. These unique characteristics of the two modes are due to the different spatial distributions of the acoustic energy. Taking advantage of the aforementioned features, a beat frequency strategy is proposed to decouple the temperature influence from the viscosity-density product measurement, thus realizing temperature independent viscosity-density product sensing in a single acoustic wave resonator chip. Experimental results show that the accurate measurement of the viscosity-density product can be achieved in Newtonian liquids with a sensitivity of −0.36 MHz/kg m−2 s−0.5 within a wide temperature range from 20 °C to 80 °C. Our work holds great promise for liquid property measurement occasions with large fluctuations in ambient temperature, such as oil and gas exploration, automobile, and aeronautic applications.
Correlation of the magnetocaloric effect and magnetostriction near the first-order phase transition in Pr0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1MnO3 manganite
Authors: Gamzatov A. G. , Aliev A. M. , Yen P. D. H. , Khanov L. , Hau K. X. , Thanh T. D. , Dung N. T. , Yu S.-C.
Published: November 2018

Results of the experimental investigations of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and magnetostriction in Pr0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1MnO3 manganite in the temperature range of 80–310 K and in magnetic fields up to 80 kOe are presented. The behavior of the MCE is characteristic of materials with magnetostructural phase transitions of the first order. Frequency (1–14 Hz) dependences of the MCE in a magnetic field of 6.2 kOe are investigated. It is shown that near TC, the ΔT dependence of the frequency f is well described by the expression: ΔT(f)=ΔTf=0−Bfn (n = 1.53, B = 0.01185 K/Hzn). The results of the investigation of magnetostriction show that near TC, the value of magnetostriction is Δɛ = 4.49 ⋅ 10−4 in a magnetic field of 80 kOe. According to the results of the study of magnetostriction in various magnetic fields, it is shown that the change in the magnetic entropy is directly proportional to magnetostriction ΔSM = γ1Δɛ (γ1 = 2 ⋅ 104 J/kg K). This ratio can serve as another indirect method for estimating the MCE, which shows good agreement with the data of direct caloric measurements.
Corrigendum to: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: a review of the aetiology, presentation, staging, prognosis and methods available for treatment
Authors: Szmulowicz Ursula M. , Wu James S.
Published: November 2018

Anal cancer is an uncommon malignancy, with the majority of cases comprised of squamous cell carcinomas. The increasing incidence of this disease reflects a rise in the transmission of the human papillomavirus, the causative organism of most tumours. Abdominoperineal resection (APR), once the primary mode of treatment, has been supplanted by sphincter-saving combination chemoradiation as the first-line therapy. However, surgeons continue to play a role in the multidisciplinary management of patients with anal cancer for diagnosis and post-treatment surveillance. Sentinel node biopsy may identify patients with clinically and radiographically negative inguinal lymph nodes who will benefit from groin irradiation. In very select cases, the controversial means of local excision has been employed as primary treatment, often in conjunction with radiation and chemotherapy. The management of persistent or recurrent anal cancers following primary chemoradiation remains a concern, for which only salvage APR currently offers the possibility of a cure. The introduction of human papillomavirus vaccines presents the exciting potential for the eradication of the disease.
Accounting for measurement errors when harmonising incongruent soil data − a case study
Authors: Crawford D. M. , Norng S. , Kitching M. , Robinson N.
Published: November 2018

When collating soil data from different sources, the data should be congruent. Ordinary linear regression (OLR) has often been used to harmonise incongruent data. To do so, one of the sources is nominated as the reference and so is assumed to provide data that are determined without error despite evidence to the contrary. Alternative approaches that can handle errors in both variables, such as constructing a maximum likelihood functional relationship (MLFR), are seldom used. Two scenarios compared these two approaches using soil organic carbon data determined by the Walkley and Black method or the Dumas method. An inter-laboratory proficiency program provided data to represent an ideal scenario of complete information on precision, i.e. a mean and standard error of multiple determinations for each method as applied to each soil sample. In this scenario, it was found that the recovery of carbon was not consistent between laboratories or methods, nor was the precision of determinations consistent. Importantly, the precision data showed how neither method had an advantage and so could serve as a reference. Unfortunately, soil researchers are more likely to be trying to harmonise data from single determinations and have no data on the precision of either method. This second scenario was explored using legacy data and new data from re-analysis of 116 archived soil samples, with precision data from different external sources. Here the OLR regression coefficients were found to be much less accurate than those from using the MLFR harmonisation model.
We concluded from these scenarios, that MLFR should be used to harmonise incongruent data when data on measurement errors are available. MLFR gave different predicted values to OLR while accounting for measurement errors in both variables. Where sufficient information on precision is lacking, OLR yields similar results and so may be an easier but less rigorous option. However, more research is needed to establish when OLR can be used versus when MLFR should be used.
Response of soil organic carbon fractions to increasing rates of crop residue return in a wheat–maize cropping system in north-central China
Authors: Zhao S. C. , Huang S. W. , Qiu S. J. , He P.
Published: November 2018

Labile organic carbon (C) in soil can act as a sensitive indicator of its quality, and understanding its response to crop residue incorporation rates is critical to increase soil C storage by residue return in conjunction with chemical fertilisation. A 30-year field experiment was carried out to study the effects of various rates of maize residue return on soil organic C fractions in the presence of chemical fertilisers in a wheat–maize cropping system in north-central China. Studies included a no-fertiliser and no-residues control (CK) and maize residue return at rates of 0 (S0), 2250 (S1), 4500 (S2), and 9000kg ha−1 (S3) using chemical fertilisers. Soil total organic C (TOC) and labile organic C fractions were determined. The S0 treatment increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC), KMnO4-oxidisable C (KMnO4-C), and TOC, but did not change water-soluble organic C (WSOC), light fraction organic C (LFOC), and particulate organic C (POC), relative to CK. All organic C fractions did not differ between S0 and S1; however, S2–S3 increased MBC, WSOC, LFOC, POC, KMnO4-C, and TOC by 31.8–41.0%, 17.7–28.6%, 33.9–81.3%, 35.3–82.4%, 19.3–42.8%, and 9.7–20.4% compared with S0 respectively. The KMnO4-C had the highest correlation with TOC, with LFOC and POC showing higher sensitivity to different residue-return rates. Redundancy analysis showed that LFOC, POC, and KMnO4-C were mainly affected by residue-C and root-C, while MBC was closely correlated with rhizodeposition-C levels. Overall, low rates of residue return did not affect soil labile organic C and TOC, with they only started to increase significantly when annual residue return exceeded 4500kg ha−1 under chemical fertilisation; and the rate of increase for labile organic C was found to be higher than for non-labile C as residue inputs were increased.
The Eurolect Observatory Multilingual Corpus
Authors: Tomatis Marco Stefano
Published: November 2018

This chapter aims to explain the corpus design of the Eurolect Observatory Multilingual Corpus and the steps required to build all the different monolingual corpora the project needed to accomplish its research objectives. The first two paragraphs after the general introduction will point out the differences and the overlaps that characterize all the corpora that the author of this paper was in charge of producing as a member of the UNINT research team and that were used in the Eurolect Observatory Project for text mining. After accurately defining the data collection and corpus building strategies adopted, this paper will describe the corpus search tool that was developed in order to help scholars look for and save samples of text from the whole corpus in a convenient and easy way.
Observing Eurolects
Authors: Mikhailov Mikhail , Piehl Aino
Published: November 2018

Finnish is a non-Indo-European language with strong purist traditions. The comparison of the language of EU directives with that of the measures of national implementation has shown that the influence of English-language versions of EU directives on Finnish-language ones is limited. Only some rare lexical borrowings and indirect influence of the structure and style of English on the Finnish-language versions were found. Many of the features of the legal language appear alike in the directives and national legislation. Still, the writers of the directives and the writers of Finnish legislation often make different choices. The root of these differences is probably interference from the English-language versions. The claim that a Finnish Eurolect does exist still has merit.
Observing Eurolects
Authors: Proia Fabio
Published: November 2018

Germany is one of the founding Member States of the European Economic Community; consequently German has had the status of an official language since the very beginning of the European integration process back in 1957. It is therefore reasonable to raise the question of whether the huge flow of EU legislation produced in German over the last decades has resulted in the creation of a new variety of German, other than the one used by legislative drafters working for the institutions of the Federal Republic. Through a corpus-driven contrastive analysis, this chapter aims to identify a set of linguistic features that can allow for a distinction between the two varieties.
Observing Eurolects
Authors: Portelli Sergio , Caruana Sandro
Published: November 2018

Although Maltese is genetically a Semitic language, several technical terms, including those used within EU institutions, are integrated or non-integrated loanwords of Italian or English origin. Contact is also evident in the morphology of Maltese, and concatenative structures are productive through analogical processes, often based on Italian affixes. The description of the Maltese language version of EU documentation, as well as corpus-based considerations of the language variety used in EU directives (corpus A) and legal notices (corpus B), provides insights into this variety that relies heavily on Romance words, although others of Arabic origin are registered widely too. Loanwords from English are also present, albeit in limited numbers. Overall, no major differences emerge between the two corpora, and one cannot conclude that Maltese Eurolect constitutes a variety in its own right.
Starvation reduces hyaluronan synthesis by suppressing TGF-β1/IGF-I signaling in rat skin
Authors: Yamane Takumi , Kawasaki Rui , Konno Ryosuke , Iwatsuki Ken , Oishi Yuichi
Published: November 2018

Although starvation has been reported to influence the functions of various tissues, its effects on the skin are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of starvation on hyaluronan synthesis in rat skin. Starvation reduced hyaluronan synthesis in the skin. Starvation also decreased the skin mRNA expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, which enhances the gene expression of rhas2 and rhas3. The serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, which enhances rhas2, rhas3, and TGF-β1 mRNA expression, in the starvation group were considerably lower than those in the control (CO) group. IGF-IR phosphorylation was substantially lower in the starvation group compared with the CO group. These findings suggest that starvation reduces hyaluronan synthesis in the skin by suppressing TGF-β1/IGF-I signaling.

Abbreviations: HAS: hyaluronan synthase; IGF-I: insulin-like growth factor-I; IGFBP-1: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1; TGF-β1: transforming growth factor-β1; TBST: tris buffered saline containing 0.5% (v/v) Tween 20; HABP: hyaluronic acid binding protein; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Efficient and accurate detection of splice junctions from RNA-seq with Portcullis
Authors: Mapleson Daniel , Venturini Luca , Kaithakottil Gemy , Swarbreck David
Published: November 2018

Next-generation sequencing technologies enable rapid and cheap genome-wide transcriptome analysis, providing vital information about gene structure, transcript expression, and alternative splicing. Key to this is the accurate identification of exon-exon junctions from RNA sequenced (RNA-seq) reads. A number of RNA-seq aligners capable of splitting reads across these splice junctions (SJs) have been developed; however, it has been shown that while they correctly identify most genuine SJs available in a given sample, they also often produce large numbers of incorrect SJs. Here, we describe the extent of this problem using popular RNA-seq mapping tools and present a new method, called Portcullis, to rapidly filter false SJs derived from spliced alignments. We show that Portcullis distinguishes between genuine and false-positive junctions to a high degree of accuracy across different species, samples, expression levels, error profiles, and read lengths. Portcullis is portable, efficient, and, to our knowledge, currently the only SJ prediction tool that reliably scales for use with large RNA-seq datasets and large, highly fragmented genomes, while delivering accurate SJs.