bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracing Performance of MPI-I/O with PVFS2: A Case Study of Optimization
Authors: Tsujita Yuichi  , Kunkel Julian  , Krempel Stephan  , Ludwig Thomas
Published: February 2025

Parallel computing manages huge amounts of data due to a dramatic increase in computing scale. The parallel file system PVFS version2 (PVFS2) realizes a scalable file system for such huge data on a cluster system. Although several MPI tracing tools can check the behavior of MPI functions, tracing PVFS server activities has not been available. Hence, we have missed chances to optimize MPI applications regarding PVFS server activities although effective usage of limited resources is important even in PVFS servers. An off-line performance analysis tool named PIOviz traces both MPI-I/O calls and associated PVFS server activities to assist optimization for MPI applications. Besides, tracing statistical values of PVFS servers such as CPU usage and PVFS internal statistics assists optimization of MPI applications. In this paper, we demonstrate two performance evaluation tests of the HPIO benchmark, and carry out off-line analysis by using PIOviz. The evaluation shows effectiveness of PIOviz in detecting bottlenecks of MPI-I/O.
Automatic Performance Tuning of Parallel Mathematical Libraries
Authors: Salawdeh Ihab  , Morajko Anna  , César Eduardo  , Margalef Tomàs  , Luque Emilio
Published: February 2025

Scientific and mathematical parallel libraries offer a high level of abstraction to programmers. However, their use involves a large number of decisions, such as choosing partitioning strategies, pre-conditioners, and solving strategies, which have a great impact on the performance of resulting applications. This work proposes a performance methodology for automatic tuning of applications written with the PETSc library. This methodology consists of strategies for: choosing the appropriate data representation and solving algorithms based on historical performance information and data mining techniques, distributing the workload among application processes, and taking advantage of the library memory pre-allocation capacities.
An Operational Semantics for S-Net
Authors: Penczek Frank  , Grelck Clemens  , Scholz Sven-Bodo
Published: February 2025

We present the formal operational semantics of S-NET, a coordination language and component technology based on stream processing. S-NET turns conventional (sequential) functions/procedures into asynchronous components interacting with each other through a streaming network; it defines network topologies inductively by a small combinator language that captures essential forms of concurrency. Our formal semantics allows us to reason about program properties and defines the design space for alternative implementation strategies.
EUFORIA: Exploring E-Science for Fusion
Authors: Coster D.P.  , Strand P.  , Contributors to the EUFORIA Project
Published: February 2025

The European participation in the next step fusion energy research project, ITER, is very broad with interests from all EU member states. To support the needed physics understanding and predictive capability for ITER discharges, a strong need to promote modelling technologies and access to computing resources on a pan-European basis exists. The EUFORIA project, EU Fusion for ITER Applications, sets out to support these needs by creating an e-Science environment, building on the existing European infrastructure and middleware environments and specifically introducing the developments towards a modelling platform for fusion being advanced within the European fusion community. The aim is to advance the physics modelling capability for ITER on a broadened European Scale. The EUFORIA approach and its different components are discussed here.
An Approach to Application Performance Tuning
Authors: Charif-Rubial Andres  , Koliai Souad  , Zuckerman Stéphane  , Krammer Bettina  , Jalby William  , Dinh Quang
Published: February 2025

Current hardware trends place increasing pressure on programmers and tools to optimize scientific code. Numerous tools and techniques exist, but no single tool is a panacea; instead, an assortment of performance tuning utilities are necessary to best utilize scarce resources (e.g., bandwidth, functional units, cache). This paper describes an optimization strategy combining static assembly analysis using the MAQAO tool with dynamic information from hardware performance monitoring (HPM) and memory traces. A new technique, decremental analysis (DECAN), is introduced to iteratively identify the individual instructions causing performance bottlenecks. We present a case study on an industrial application from Dassault-Aviation on a Xeon Core 2 platform. Our strategy helps discover and fix problems related to memory access locality and loop unrolling, which leads to a sequential and parallel speedup of up to 2.5.
Parallel Multistage Preconditioners by Extended Hierarchical Interface Decomposition for Ill-Conditioned Problems
Authors: Nakajima Kengo
Published: February 2025

In this work, extended version of “Hierarchical Interface Decomposition (HID)” for parallel preconditioning method has been developed. Extension of overlapped elements between domains and effect of thicker separators were considered. Proposed method has been implemented to finite-element based simulations of linear elasticity problems for simple cubic geometries with heterogeneous distribution of distortion angle of elements. The developed code has been tested on the “T2K Open Supercomputer (T2K/Tokyo)” using up to 512 cores. Extended HID provides more robust and scalable performance than original HID and localized-block-Jacobi-type BILU with extension of overlapped elements.
Islamist Websites: an Up-to-Date Snapshot from a German Point of View
Authors: Peperhove Roman
Published: February 2025

This article gives a brief up-to-date snapshot of the German Islamist scene and contents directed at German Internet users in the end of the year 2008. All mentioned sites and contents are open to the public on the Internet. In 2008, we assessed new alarming developments in this field. The article begins by reporting about radical German Internet sources and the content in German on international multilingual websites. Afterwards the focus is narrowed to the problems with servers that host radical sites. Altogether, the article outlines the current situation for German Internet users and tendencies of radicalisation on the Internet within German Islamist material and it gives a thought-provoking impulse about possible de-radicalisation measures. In conclusion, future tendencies are discussed and ideas for new strategies to counter extremist contents on the net are proposed. The article is not aimed at analysing the different main goals of terrorists on the Internet which can be described in brief as propaganda, legitimization, threatening and frightening of the enemy, recruiting and financing purposes.
“Andi” – Educational Comic and Website for Democracy and Against Extremism
Authors: Grumke Thomas
Published: February 2025

In 2004, the Office for the Protection of the Constitution (Verfassungsschutz) of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia has released the comic “Andi” to inform teenagers about right-wing extremism. In 2007, volume 2 on Islamism followed. Both volumes have been very well received and used vastly in schools and beyond. The values and norms of democracy are at the center of the booklets that offer a host of information on extremism and how to counter it.
The Internet & Terrorist Radicalisation: The Psychological Dimension
Authors: Silke Andrew
Published: February 2025

There is growing awareness and concern over the potential of the internet to radicalize people towards violent extremism and terrorism. This paper provides a balanced assessment of the psychological processes through which the internet can have an impact in this regard. Particular attention is focused on identity issues, the imagined community, mortality salience effects and deindividuation. These are explored in terms of how their potential to generate support and ultimately radicalize individuals into joining a campaign of violence.
Eavesdropping on the LM05 secure communication protocol
Authors: Wójcik Antoni  , Hausmann Krystian
Published: February 2025

Security of the two-way quantum communication protocol proposed by Lucamarini and Mancini (Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 140501) can be impaired in the case of considerable quantum channel noise. We present scheme which considers the opportunity of eavesdropping due to a separation of two procedures, namely, the verification procedure and the communication procedure.
Solid state hybrid devices for quantum information processing
Authors: Wendin Göran
Published: February 2025

The SOLID concept is to develop small solid-state hybrid systems with 3-8 qubits capable of performing elementary processing and communication of quantum information. This involves design, fabrication and investigation of combinations of qubits, oscillators, cavities, and transmission lines, creating hybrid devices interfacing different types of qubits for quantum data storage, qubit interconversion, and communication. The agenda is to provide proofs of concept, to identify roadblocks, and to stake out roads that seem particularly promising, including practical applications of quantum technologies.
Sensitivity Analysis of Pit Characterization Using Inverse Methods
Authors: Aldrin John C.  , Sabbagh Harold A.  , Murphy R. Kim  , Sabbagh Elias H.
Published: February 2025

Prior work has demonstrated the potential to characterize surface and sub-surface pitting corrosion in both aircraft structures and tubing through the application of model-based inversion schemes to eddy current inspection data. However, there has been limited progress to transition such technologies to application due in part to questions about the robustness of the inverse method schemes to the expected variability with in-field NDE measurements. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis is performed for this case study problem to quantify the impact of potential sources for variation on the performance of NDE procedures incorporating inverse methods. Certain data processing steps, including careful feature extraction, background clutter removal and compensation for variation in the scan step size through the tubing, were found to be critical to achieve good estimates of the pit depth and diameter. Variance studied in model probe dimensions did not adversely affect inversion performance.
Simulation and POD Studies of Riveted Structures Inspected Using Eddy Current Techniques
Authors: Reboud Christophe  , Pichenot Grégoire  , Paillard Séverine  , Jenson Frédéric
Published: February 2025

A particular application of the Volume Integral Method (VIM) dedicated to the efficient simulation of eddy current testing configurations involving several objects with very different dimensions is presented in this paper. Other problems addressed by this development are the modeling of flaws with complex shapes and the efficient computation of interactions between remote objects. Simulation results obtained with this direct model have been processed by the statistical module of the CIVA platform in order to carry out Probability of Detection (POD) calculations in the case of the ECT of a rivet neighbored by a flaw. Two parametric models used for the POD estimation are presented and simulation results are discussed.
Sequential Monte Carlo Based Data Fusion for Characterization of Corrosion on Aging Aircraft Structures
Authors: Khan Tariq  , Ramuhalli Pradeep
Published: February 2025

Corrosion quantification is an important aspect of aircraft skin NDE. Eddy current and pulsed-eddy current techniques are frequently used to measure corrosion. Corrosion quantification from these NDE measurements is typically an ill-posed inverse problem. A sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) based technique is proposed here to solve this inverse problem by fusing multiple NDE measurement modes. Inversion results are compared with digital x-ray thickness mapping to quantify the efficacy of the proposed technique.
A Benchmark-based Approach for the Validation of Eddy Current Simulation Codes in Support of Nuclear Power Plants Inspection
Authors: Mayos Michel  , Moreau Olivier  , Costan Valentin  , Gilles-Pascaud Catherine  , Reboud Christophe  , Buvat Fabrice
Published: February 2025

Modeling of eddy current NDE applications can be a valuable support to performance demonstration involved in the formal qualification required by the regulation on the maintenance of nuclear power plants. Code validation is a prerequisite to its use in such a process. This situation has resulted in the past years in an important R&D effort, in order to develop the knowledge of the ability of simulation codes to address industrial testing issues. Specific benchmarks concerning nuclear NDE applications, such as steam generator tubes inspection, were designed and several codes were evaluated. Difficulties experienced with codes that had previously been validated on academic benchmarks from the literature showed the necessity to define, as a preceding stage, simple generic benchmarks focused on the industrial issue to check out the ability of an unknown code to address the application. This concern being shared by the whole French NDT community, a specific Working Group has been launched in the frame of COFREND, the French Association for NDE.
Analysis of Pulsed Eddy Current – GMR Data Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Yang Guang  , Kim Jaejoon  , Udpa Lalita  , Udpa Satish
Published: February 2025

Classification of C scan images obtained using pulsed eddy current and giant magneto resistive sensor (PEC-GMR) detection is presented in this paper. PEC-GMR technique is applied to solve the detection of cracks in multi-layered structures, in particular, the aircraft wing structure with rivets. In current techniques, time-dependent, (A scan) signals are processed for feature extraction. In this paper, for rivet inspection, the rivet image data is processed as a whole. In the C-scan image analysis, principle component analysis (PCA) is applied to transform the C-scan image into the PCs (principle components) subspace to extract appropriate features. The extracted features are used as input to a k-means classifier for detection of cracks in the 2ndand 3rdlayers at rivet sites in multi-layered riveted samples.
Recent Developments of Eddy Current Probes
Authors: Marchand Benoît  , Zorni Chiara  , Decitre Jean-Marc  , Casula Olivier
Published: February 2025

Eddy Currents (EC) technique is a powerful means of detection of defects in conductive components. The spectrum of industrial needs is large and EC probes have to be optimized to deal with different issues. Thanks to the CIVA-simulation platform, the CEA LIST develops high resolution arrays and high sensitive flexible probes to bring adapted solutions. On a first part, an original scheme, composed with two one-millimeter coils etched on a kapton film is presented. Experimental results coming from a flexible 32 elements of this sensor are shown and demonstrate the high performances of this technology in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution. The second part of this paper concerns probes based on magnetic sensors. Two large arrays using respectively 22 Giant-Magneto Resistance sensors and 96 Anisotropic Magneto-Resistance sensors have been developed for the detection of very small surface flaws. Their high integration leads to a spatial resolution as small as 100μm. Experimental tests are performed and demonstrate their efficiency. Eventually, flexible magnetic sensor probes recently developed in the labs are presented and their performances in the detection of deep defects are valued.
The Western Balkans: Environmental and Human Security
Authors: Dulić Dragana
Published: February 2025

Given the plethora of environmental and other nonmilitary threats facing the Western Balkans, the main argument advanced in the following paper is to foster the linkages between human security and environment in such a way as to broaden conceptualization of security threats and risks. It is now clear that the environmental consequences of the Western Balkans conflict have caused much damage to poor peoples, and thus policy recommendations should focus on human security and vulnerability, together with the potential of environmental degradation causing overt large-scale violence. How well prepared are the Western Balkan states to deal with such threats as their common problems? Are they doomed to ask for external help from international organizations in order to reach any cooperation on these issues at all?
Food Security and Eco-terrorism: Recognizing Vulnerabilities and Protecting Ecosystems
Authors: Alpas Hami  , Kiymaz Taylan
Published: February 2025

When all people at all times have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food, any matter that prevents access by the consumer to foodstuffs will be a security issue. This will range in severity from lack of access to foods of choice through starvation from no access at all. Depending on the structure of food delivery (e.g. just in time) any interruption in that supply can quickly become an emergency, or appear as one. Practically, as a result of globalization and technical innovations food has no borders, and the global food chain is highly vulnerable to attack. In addition there is no specific targeting information indicating that attack on food supply is imminent and manuals for intentional contamination of food are widely available; therefore a concern exists for exploitation of soft targets, such as the food chain. On the other hand, climate change is expected to create difficulties in feeding growing populations as land degradation—as a result of flooding, drought, soil erosion and poor land management practices—will lead to a loss of arable land, and there will also be a decline or geographical shift in other food sources. Taking into account the mass usage of water (70 percent worldwide used for agriculture), water shortages seem likely to create tension in some regions of the world especially where several countries rely on the same water sources. In that sense, food insecurity is a massive current and future problem that should be handled globally and nationally. As a result, rises in protests aimed at governments over inadequate policy changes or aimed at corporations over environmental damage should probably be expected. On the fringes of social and environmental movements there are always those who will resort to violence and sabotage, namely eco-terrorism. Overall, it would not be wrong to assume that these will somehow lead to an increase in international terrorism. In order to take the necessary protective and response measures, which may have to be taken to reduce the risk and mitigate the consequences of these threats it is necessary to determine the vulnerability components for protecting ecosystems. This chapter will include the above-mentioned topics from the scope of risk analysis, benefits, and trust with implications. In this respect the consumer perception(s) of food chain security hazards will be detailed focusing on risk communication in the field of food security.
Ecosystem Services and Security: The Fog of Vulnerability
Authors: Shearer Allan W.  , Liotta P.H.
Published: February 2025

Toward considering how the environment can be a security issue, this paper suggests that the praxis of security should be understood as extreme efforts within a larger management of uncertainty about the future. By focusing on this motivation for action rather than some locus of specialized (and perhaps) bureaucratic activity, such an approach may open the possibility for a more nuanced discussion about the idea of security. Within this wider frame, it is possible to recognize relationships among sources of uncertainty and alternative responses. Further, there is the conceptual flexibility for issues to be escalated when great uncertainty is identified and de-escalated as the means to address an uncertainty are developed and incorporated into normal routines of public administration.
Exact Expression of Corner Reluctances in a Magnetic Circuit of Rectangular Section
Authors: Matagne Ernest  , Cividjian Grigore A.  , Kluyskens Virginie
Published: February 2025

We provide an exact, simple and explicit analytical expression of corner reluctances for magnetic circuits of rectangular section. Obtained values are appreciably different from those obtained by making usual approximations. Besides, due to a decomposition of the solution in two terms which can be interpreted as an lengthening of the adjacent rectilinear legs, our expressions are very easy to use in order to compute reluctance of magnetic circuits, and thus also inductances and forces in magnetic devices, as well as magnetic losses. The present study applies also to electric and thermal resistances calculation. Although obtained expressions are rigorously exact only in the case of linear materials, this study allows also for flux and magnetic losses simplified calculation in the case of saturable materials. The accuracy of this simplified calculation is examined on a test structure by comparison with finite elements computation results.
Diagnostic Model of the Wheel Vehicle Drive System Based on FEM, BEM and Random System
Authors: Szymański Zygmunt
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a mathematical model of the wheel vehicle drive system consisted with: special drive motor (radial induction motor, or PMSM motor) connected with drive transfer system, and drive elements (wheel axes). Magnetic fields distribution in traction motor, and tension of magnetic fields distributions in mechanical part of the vehicle are presented in the paper. Traction induction motors supplied with inverter decrease efficiency of the motor and sometimes present additional rotor and stator fault. Modern diagnostics method used of: FEM, BEA and random method has been used for faulty motor simulation and shows results of motor fault effects. Experimental results collaborate with the simulation and theoretical effects. ANSYS, JMAG and FEMM computer programs were applied in calculation of magnetic fields distribution for different faults state of the motors. On the base of magnetic field and force tension distributions were analyzed different failures situations and method of limitation their negative effects. Some laboratory experiments was realized for the traction motor.
ADI-FDTD Performance Enhancement in the Analysis of CMOS and PCB Devices for EMC Applications
Authors: Dimitriadis Alexandros  , Kantartzis Nikolaos  , Tsiboukis Theodoros
Published: February 2025

An accuracy-controllable alternating-direction implicit finite-difference time-domain method is presented in this paper for the efficient modeling of integrated semi-conductor circuits and printed circuit boards in modern EMC structures. Preserving the formulation of the conventional algorithm, the novel 3-D concept introduces supplementary nodes in terms of a convex stencil procedure in order to significantly suppress the detrimental dispersion errors due to the Courant limit cancellation. Thus, instead of utilizing the typical derivative approximators, a set of weighted interpolating polynomials, which do not increase the overall algorithmic complexity, is derived. Numerical results, obtained for various time-steps, are compared to reference solutions or measurement data, revealing the limitations of existing schemes and the advantages of the proposed technique.
Optimal Design of Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor with Low Force Pulsations Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zhu Yu-wu  , Lee Sang-Geon  , Cho Yun-hyun
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates an optimal design of a double-sided iron core type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) for ropeless elevator system using response surface methodology (RSM). An inherent drawback of the PMLSM is the detent force that will generate the pulsations of the propulsion force, deteriorate the smoothness of motion drive, and make passengers feel nervous. To solve the force pulsations the combination of two dimensional (2D) finite element analysis (FEA) and RSM is utilized, which can solve the problem effectively without much time consuming. The validity and effectiveness are verified by some numerical calculations.
Analysis of the Slotting Effect on the Induction Machine Dynamic Iron Losses
Authors: Brudny J.-F.  , Romary R.
Published: February 2025

The paper presents an analytical method which allows the estimation of the dynamic iron losses due to the slotting effect in a three phase induction machine. The case of a smooth air-gap machine supplied with nonsinusoidal waveforms is the subject of the initial developments. Their main interest is to show that elementary considerations, which are about the “copper” losses dissipated in stator and rotor cores, make it possible to find, in the case of rotating field, the usual formulations of the dynamic iron losses which appear in the literature. Then, this procedure is used to define the analytical expressions of the dynamic iron losses in case of sinusoidal supply taking the slotting effect into account. The calculus makes it possible to define these losses whether they originate from the fundamental or harmonic flux density waves distinguishing the effects according to stator or rotor core is considered. The variations of the different losses with the slip are given and it is shown that the slotting effect takes a non negligible part in the total dynamic iron losses. Moreover, it is shown that particular slotting flux density components, tied up with the slotting resonance phenomenon, have a main contribution.
Magnetic Circuit Based Criteria for Transformation of FEM 3D Structures to FEM 2D Equivalent Problems of Radial Flux, PM Rotating Machines
Authors: Di Gerlando A.  , Foglia G.  , Iacchetti M.  , Perini R.
Published: February 2025

Some transformation criteria, based on a magnetic circuit approach, are analysed, aimed to reduce a 3D problem into an equivalent 2D formulation. The method is useful for cylindrical air-gap PM machines, in case of different axial length of PMs and of stator and rotor core portions, or in case of skewing. The paper describes how to modify material properties and/or geometrical quantities, in such a way to obtain correct results by 2D FEM simulations; 3D and 2D FEM results are compared, also developing and analysing corresponding magnetic circuit models.
Multistep Integration Method Applied in Angular Speed Observer
Authors: Gardecki Arkadiusz  , Macek-Kamińska Krystyna
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a new numerical integration routine BGKODE_DSP. This routine realizes multi-step, predictor-corrector method with a constant step size. The results of the performed comparison between the selected popular numerical integration methods and the new routine is presented. Simulations and experiments have been carried out on drive system with induction motor with the use of DTC method.
Electromagnetic-Mechanical Dynamical Modeling of Permanent Magnet Linear Stepping Motor with Material Saturation Effect
Authors: Zaouia M.  , Benamrouche N.  , Rachek M.  , Djerdir A.
Published: February 2025

This work deals with the development of an electromagnetic-mechanical coupled model and its application to investigate permanent magnet effects on the dynamic performances of tubular linear stepping motor having different topologies. The model is applied to the analysis of a conventional linear tubular switched reluctance stepping motor (LSRSM) and permanent magnet tubular linear stepping motor (PMLSM). The model is based on the resolution of the non linear electromagnetic equation expressed in term of magnetic vector potential using the nodal-based finite element method. The electromagnetic equation is coupled to the mechanical equation through the magnetic force, and the modified flux distribution due to the moving part displacement simulated by the Macro-Element method. The obtained results of the calculated displacement for (LSRSM) are compared to those given experimentally. Finally the obtained dynamic performances of (LSRSM) are compared to those given of (PMLSM) with variation of permanent magnet width.
Time Stepping Finite Element Computation of Space Harmonic Copper Losses and Torque of Induction Motors
Authors: Ouazir Youcef
Published: February 2025

A time stepping finite elements (TSFE) method is used to investigate the no load and full load copper losses and torque during the starting process of induction motors caused by space harmonics. The computation technique used in this study leads to consider only the first or just significant space harmonics in time stepping finite elements model. To validate the developed model, the transient direct line starting results are compared with the measurements. The effect of space harmonics on stator and rotor cooper losses, current and torque are clearly shown with the simulation results.
dSpace Virtual Instrumentation Platform for Electric Drives Applications
Authors: Băjan Liviu
Published: February 2025

The present paper cumulates the preoccupations of the author regarding virtual instrumentation solutions for AC drive applications. A virtual instrumentation platform, based on DS 1104 System, with further upgrade possibilities was created. The main attempts are permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive and induction motor (IM) drive applications. Original machines and drives models for both scalar and vector controlled applications has been created and optimized by numerical simulations using the Matlab-Simulink (MAT-SIM) computer programming. The concept of wireless control electric drive, introduced by the author in this paper and qualified like a quasi-sensorless control method [1], it's also presented.
Comparative Analysis and Design of Two Six-Phase Electrical Machines for Electrical Power Assisted Steering Systems
Authors: Matyas A.  , Martis C.  , Aroquidassou G.  , Mpanda A.  , Biro K.
Published: February 2025

The present paper will approach the design and analysis of two six-phase electrical machines, a squirrel cage induction motor and a synchronous permanent magnet one, for electrical power assisted steering systems. Finite element method will be used in order to analyze, in a comparative manner, the performances of the machines.
Development of Axial Magnetic Field Type Vacuum Interrupter for 170kV Circuit Breaker
Authors: Ryu Jaeseop  , Joo Hyun-Woo  , Tak Sungjun  , Kim Young-Geun  , Park Seokweon
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a newly developed coil-type electrode structure for high voltage vacuum interrupter (VI) of 170kV voltage level is presented. To evaluate the design results of electrode structure, magnetic field distributions on the center plane of gap between electrodes and on the surface of contact electrodes are measured, and the vacuum arc behaviors during the current interruption in the vacuum chamber are observed. The multi-shield structure is suggested as the internal floating shield. The experimental results of the sample electrode and internal shield structure are compared with FE analysis results. The design results were applied to the 170kV VI to test the breaking performance of circuit breaker according to IEC 62271-100.
Concerning Calculation of Force Action of a Uniform Magnetic Field on Live Straight Ferromagnetic Conductor
Authors: Zagirnyak M.V.  , Branspiz Yu.A.
Published: February 2025

Force action of a uniform magnetic field on a live conductor has been considered. This field forces acting on the conductor ferromagnetic substance have been determined for known magnetization description models: an equivalent currents model, a fictitious magnetic charges model, a magnetic moments model. It has been shown that these models provide forces equal in absolute value, but this force is opposite in sign for magnetization equivalent currents model. It has been stated that this difference leaves A. Einstein's question, concerning the way of determination of the force acting on ferromagnetic substance current, topical.
Contribution of Magnetostriction to Vibrations and Noises in Electrical Machines
Authors: Boulassel Ammar  , Mekideche Mohamed Rachid  , Belli Zoubida  , Kimouche Abdelghani  , Bouchekhou Hocine
Published: February 2025

FEM are used to model magnetostriction phenomena in electrical machines, the modeling method take into account direct and inverse effects, magnetostriction bellow an even function depends on magnetic flux density and quasi-independent on applied mechanical stress, an iterative method is used to solve both magneto-static and elasto-static equations. In electrical machines, vibratory behaviour depends on the modal's characteristics and its mechanical structures. The vibrations of mechanical structure have maximal amplitude when its frequencies are particular. In this paper, several modal shapes of stator and their resonance frequencies are calculated.
Characterisation of the Electrodynamic Properties of a Ceramic-Based Ball Bearing by Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Bouzerar Robert  , Bourny Valéry  , Capitaine Thierry  , Senlis Jacky
Published: February 2025

Impedance spectroscopy is a technique widely used in condensed Matter Physics to characterize the dielectric response of materials. This technique is very sensitive to many type of defects inside the material such as dislocations, cracks or other stress distribution. We show, in this study that it can be used to probe ceramic-based ball bearing, part of a tooling machine. The observed admittance spectra exhibit non standard power-law behaviour with frequency. A model taking into account both the dielectric properties of the balls, the mechanical conditions at the interface between the balls and other part of the machine is proposed and shown to extend naturally to all dynamical regimes of the machine. We finally discuss the ability of this technique to detect any damage of the machine, especially those located in the ball bearings.
Simple 3D FEM Models for Evaluation of EM Exposure Produced by Welding Equipments
Authors: Dughiero Fabrizio  , Forzan Michele  , Sieni Elisabetta
Published: February 2025

In the paper, simplified numerical models of human body are applied for the evaluation of current density induced by strong magnetic field generated by arc welding equipment in order to verify the respect of the basic restrictions proposed by ICNIRP guidelines. Magnetic flux density has been also measured to assess the numerical model.
Ontology Driven Multilingual Information Extraction and Intelligent Analytics
Authors: Khoroshevsky Vladimir F.
Published: February 2025

There are two main parts in this keynote talk. The first one is devoted to the overview of R&D in information extraction domain fulfilled by academic institutions and commercial organizations in Russia. Main topics in this part deal with the discussion of multilingual documents collections processing methods and appropriate instrumental tools for information extraction. Second part of the talk presents semantic technology oriented to the Semantic Web applications development and implementation elaborated in cooperation by the specialists of Computer Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian IT-company “Avicomp Services”, and company Ontos AG from Switzerland. Some challenges of shadow knowledge highlighting are outlined.
An Agent Framework for Maritime Situation Awareness
Authors: Wehn Hans  , Guitouni Adel
Published: February 2025

Maritime Situation Awareness involves keeping track of and understanding hundreds of pieces of information. Automated higher-level data fusion (Level-2/3 fusion) and resource management can provide valuable assistance to commanders and analysts who need to achieve situation awareness. InformLab was created to help with this task. It is an advanced simulation framework that addresses higher-level fusion concepts for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of Network Enabled Operations focused on Coastal Wide Area Surveillance applications. The testbed allows for experimenting with higher-level distributed hierarchical information fusion, dynamic resource management, and configuration management with multiple constraints on the resources and their communications networks. The testbed provides for evaluation of a range of control strategies from independent platform search, through various levels of platform collaboration, up to a centralized control of search platforms.
A Methodology for Designing a Human/Machine Information System to Support Harbour Security: NATO ARW Group Two Report
Authors: de Divitiis Valerio  , Ho Melissa  , Rogova Galina  , Smirnov Alexander  , Steinberg Alan  , Visentini Ingrid  , Wehn Hans
Published: February 2025

The NATO ARW Breakout Group Two outlined a methodology for analyzing threat situations and for defining requirements for human/machine information systems to respond to potential and actualized threats.
A Maritime Security Incident Map of the Alondra Rainbow Hijacking
Authors: Mejia Maximo Q.  , Akselsson Roland
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the preliminary results of a pilot study in an ongoing project that analyzes past maritime security incidents using graphic representation models. This pilot study aims to identify some of the active and latent conditions that allow maritime security incidents to occur, to conduct a macro-level analysis of security incidents, and to determine the feasibility of adapting the AcciMap as a tool for maritime security management. The method employed in this pilot study is the application of the concepts and principles formulated by Rasmussen and Svedung and the adaptation of their AcciMap graphic representation model to the 1999 hijacking of the general-cargo vessel Alondra Rainbow. The materials used are information gathered from official and journalistic investigations conducted into the security incident. As part of its results, this paper presents a SecInciMap of the hijacking and identifies actors and latent and active conditions relevant to the incident. The paper’s preliminary conclusion is that the adaptation of the AcciMap to the context of maritime security is feasible and could play an important role in a proactive maritime security regime.
Ubiquitous Sensing: Intelligent Digital Home for monitoring activities of elderly people
Authors: Sen Gupta Gourab  , Mukhopadhyay Subhas
Published: February 2025

In this paper we detail the design intricacies and implementation details of a novel Selective Activity Monitoring (SAM) system targeted for homes for the elderly. The system is designed to support people who wish to live alone but are at risk because of old age, ill health or disability. The system works on the principle of using sensor units (SU) to monitor the appliance throughout a house and detect when certain desired electrical equipments are turned on. Rules are defined for appliances to turn on in certain time intervals or turn off after a cut-off time. The rules are flexible and can be user-defined based on the daily activities of a person. Several levels of alarm conditions have been created based on combination of rules that are violated. Any number of sensor units may be installed in a house, one each to monitor an electrical appliance. A central controller unit (CCU) queries the sensor units and logs the data into a PC at a pre-defined rate. Communication between the SUs and the controller is using radio-frequency wireless media. The rules inference engine runs on the PC and whenever the situation warrants, sends a text message to the care-givers or relatives. Since no vision sensors (camera or infra-red) are used, the system is non-invasive, respects privacy and has found wide acceptance. The system is completely customizable, allowing the user to select which appliances to monitor and define exactly what is classified as unusual behavior.
Combinatory Feature Selection Method on ECG and HRV Signal Analysis for Stress Level Detection Using ANFIS Classifier
Authors: Afzalian Mand Ali  , Loo Chu Kiong  , Liew Wei Shiung
Published: February 2025

This study proposes a combinatory feature selection method for HRV and ECG signals classification to detect the level of stress. The main purpose of feature selection methods is to reduce the dimension of features to those data that their changes are sensitive to the algorithm that is being used. This will make the performance of classifiers more efficient with higher accuracy and will reduce the time of processing. The paper studies the effect of three feature selection methods ANOVA, SFS and SBS on the complete list of ECG and HRV features derived from 16 subjects. For every set of features resulted from different feature selection, the level of error for stress detection is investigated using ANFIS classifier. Finally the method of combinatory feature selection method (intersection area of mentioned selection method) is compared in the matter of error index. The results reveal that the combinatory method consists of the intersection of ANOVA, SFS and SBS algorithms has the benefit of good and accurate detection results; fast and low memory space, low time complexity, and the computations are not so complicated.
Improvement of SEMG Pattern Classification using Covariance AR and Linear Vector Quantization
Authors: Kasno Mohammad Àfif B  , Jung Kyung Kwon  , Eom Ki Hwan
Published: February 2025

In this paper, an improvement of experimental for pattern recognition of SEMG signals of hand gesture using spectral estimation and neural network is proposed. Proposed spectral estimations are the Covariance method and the Linear Vector Quantization (LVQ) is chosen for Neural Network classification. The raw SEMG signals been captured from SEMG Amplifier and the Auto Regressive (AR) Covariance returned the power spectral density (PSD) magnitude squared frequency response. The 4 channels of AR data will be combined and a fine tuning step by using LVQ will then incorporate for pattern classification. The detail of the experiment and simulation conducted described here to verify the differentiation and effectiveness of combined channels PSD method for SEMG pattern classification of hand gesture.
Make It So: Learning From Sci-Fi Interfaces
Authors: Shedroff Nathan
Published: February 2025

Interfaces from Sci-Fi films offer examples to real world issues that are humorous, prophetic, inspiring, and practical to interaction designers. Sci-Fi interfaces are both fun, inspiring examples and reflections of current interface understanding. Production designers are allowed to develop “blue-sky” examples that, while lacking rigorous development with users, coalesce influential examples for practicing designers that are humorous, prophetic, inspiring, and useful. Interaction Designers can learn can learn from these examples. This presentation will describe some of the insights found by the presenters and lessons all designers can take back to their practices, including: a) Sci-Fi interfaces allow us to see current issues from fresh perspectives; testing design techniques we don't always expect (such as size relationships reinforcing social hierarchy in holography) but are, nonetheless, applicable to current work b) Dramatic tension often destroys otherwise thoughtful interfaces and c) Sci-Fi can be a design tool
Voices from the Interface
Authors: McCullagh Paul
Published: February 2025

This is a fictional story, which marries technological advances in the field of brain computer interfacing (BCI) with the writer's interest in music, film, sport and science fiction. It occurs in two years, at the time of the London Olympics. The technology mentioned in the story is either working in specialist laboratories around the world, or indeed is under development. The aspect whereby the BCI provides a telepathic duplex communication system between humans may be plausible sometime in the future, but currently is the realms of science fiction. The information provided as the context to the imagined dialog is true and can be evidenced by appropriate searching.
Using 2D Codes for Creating Ubiquitous User Interfaces for Ambient Intelligence Environments
Authors: Gómez Javier  , Montoro Germán  , Haya Pablo A.  , Alamán Xavier
Published: February 2025

Smart phones are one of the most popular devices nowadays. The enrichment of their technical capabilities allows them to carry out new operations beyond the traditional in telephony. This work presents a system that automatically generates user interfaces for Ambient Intelligence environments. This way, smart phones act as “unbiquitous remote controllers” for the elements of the environment. The paper proposes some ideas about the usability and adequacy of these interfaces.
The Influence of Modifying Factors on Radiation Induced Apoptosis in Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Baranova E.V.  , Boreyko A.V.  , Ravnachka I.I.  , Saveleva M.G.
Published: February 2025

Several experiments have been perormed to study regularities in the induction of apoptotic cells in human lymphocytes by60Co γ-rays at different times after irradiation. Modifying effect of replicative and reparative DNA synthesis inhibitors – hydroxyurea (Hu) and 1- β –D arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C) – on the kinetics of apoptotic cell formation was investigated. Apoptosis kinetics in different cell cycle phases (G0, S, G1, and G2) has been studied. The maximal apoptosis output was observed in the S phase.
Development and Validation of Biological Assays to Assess the Genotoxic Potential of Physical and Chemical Agents in Human
Authors: Darroudi Firouz
Published: February 2025

The issues of low dose and low dose rate exposure of human as well as the acquisition of knowledge on common genetic factors that might determine inter-individual differences in low dose cancer risk are of continuing importance in respect of social/economic policy relating to the industrial and medical uses of ionizing radiation. Furthermore, for risk assessment among people occupationally are being exposed to low and/or high LET radiation, such as astronauts, pilots, stewardess, nuclear power plant workers and patients under radiotherapy treatment, namely children.
Induction of Chromosomal Aberrations on the Somatic and Germ Cells in Mice After Long-Term Exposure to Low-Dose-Rate Gamma-Irradiation
Authors: Abdelhamid Awad Hala F.  , Moawad Hassan  , Soliman AbdelMohsen M.
Published: February 2025

The induction of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow (as somatic cells) and in the spermatocytes (as germ cells) was used to evaluate the mutagenic effects after long-term exposure to low-dose-rate gamma-irradiation in mice. Chromosome aberration rate in mouse splenocytes after long-term exposure to low-dose-rate (LDR) gamma-rays was serially determined by conventional Giemsa method. Incidence of dicentrics and centric rings increased almost linearly up to 8000 mGy following irradiation for about 100 days at an LDR of 20 mGy/day. It was found that long-term exposure to (LDR) gamma-rays induced a marked changes in the percentage of aberrations in both somatic and germ cells. Clear dose-rate effects were observed in the chromosome aberration frequencies between dose rates of 40 mGy/day and 200 Gy/day. Furthermore, the frequencies of complex aberrations increased as accumulated doses increased in LDR irradiation. Chromosome aberrations seem to be induced indirectly after radiation exposure and thus the results indicate that continuous gamma-ray irradiation for 100 days at LDR of 20 mGy/day induced chromosomal instability in mice. These results are important to evaluate the biological effects of long-term exposure to LDR radiation in humans.