bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidants Effectivity In Skin Lotion Formulation Of Mesocarp Fruit Extract Lontar (Borassus Flabellifer) Against White Rats Wistar Male In-Situ
Authors: Amatullah Luthfiasari , Cahyaningrum Tri Nur , Fidyaningsih Anisa Nur
Published: November 2018

Study of bioactive mesocarp on palm fruits has been conducted previously. Therefore, this research aims to make a preparation of antioxidant skin lotion palm fruit mesocarp (Borrasus flabellifer) and to evaluate the effects of antioxidants on skin preparation lotion palm fruit (Borrasus flabellifer) by In-situ.

This study was an experimental study by making a preparation of skin lotion on the stability of the corresponding and testing the antioxidant treatment with a sample of 30 rats male wistar strain. The antioxidant test was divided into 5 groups randomly: negative control (-), positive control (compound sunscreen brands parasol SPF 33), group 1 (lotio extract palm fruit mesocarp with a concentration of 0.2%), group 2 (lotio palm fruit mesocarp extract with concentration of 0.4%) and group 3 (lotio palm fruit mesocarp extract with concentration 0.8%).

The results of in-situ states showed 0.8% extract of palm fruit mesocarp exhibited the least erythema score which was an average of 1.7. It was comparable to positive control which exhibited similar erythema score.
Effect of Non-Hexane Fraction of Ethanol Extract of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) on ALT Activities, Creatinine Levels and TCD4+/TCD8+ Cell Ratios in The Isoniazid-Induced Female Rats
Authors: Ekawati Nuraini
Published: November 2018

     Isonicotinyl hydrazine (isoniazid) is the most effective drug for antituberculosis treatment. During the metabolism process of isoniazid, some reactive metabolites might be generated. Thus reactive metabolite possibly responsible for several side effect through the mechanism of oxidative stress. Some of the side effects are liver damage, kidney damage, and autoimmune disorder characterized by decreased TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio.
               Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) contains phenolic compounds such as scopoletin, quercetin, and rutin, which have various biological activities including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. The antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds is through the mechanism of radical scavenging, inhibit formation of free radicals, therefore tissue damage can be prevented.
The purpose of this study was to determine chemical constituens of non n-hexane fraction of Noni fruit extract (test sample) and to determine whether test sample can reduce the side effect of isoniazid by measuring ALT activity, creatinine level, and TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio. Total 35 Wistar rats, aged 6-8 weeks, were divided into 7 groups. Group I as normal control group received 0.25% DMSO, group II received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW, group III received ethanol extract of Noni fruit 250 mg/kgBW, group IV received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW + test sample 15 mg/kgBW, group V received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW + test sample 30 mg/kgBW,  group VI received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW + test sample 75 mg/kgBW, and group VII received test sample 75 mg/kgBW, each with a volume of 20 mL/kg per oral/day for 8 weeks. Blood samples was collected at weeks 0, 4, 6 and 8 to evaluate the ALT activity, creatinine level, and TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio taken. Chemical constituens of test sample was conducted using TLC method.
Qualitative analysis indicated that test sample contains alkaloid, phenolic, and flavonoid compound. Test sample could reduce ALT level and increase TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio, but couldn’t reduce creatinine level of isoniazide-induced female Wistar rat.
Analisis Kepuasan Pasien BPJS Rawat Jalan Terhadap Pelayanan Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit UNS
Authors: Astuti Niken Kusuma , Kundarto Wisnu
Published: November 2018

Rumah sakit UNS merupakan rumah sakit pendidikan milik UNS yang juga memberikan pelayanan untuk pasien BPJS. Belum ada penelitian terkait kepuasan pasien BPJS rawat jalan terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di rumah sakit tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui profil tingkat kepuasan dan prioritas perbaikan yang perlu dilakukan di instalasi farmasi rumah sakit UNS terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian pada pasien BPJS rawat jalan. Penelitian ini termasuk non-eksperimental bersifat deskriptif menggunakan kuesioner. Responden dipilih dengan teknik convenience sampling. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien dan evaluasi pelayanan digunakan metode SERVQUAL. Sedangkan, untuk mengetahui prioritas perbaikan dilakukan analisis dengan Customer Window Quadrant. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kepuasan pada dimensi tangible, reliability, assurance, responsiveness, dan empati berturut-turut sebesar  94,24%, 94,80%, 91,11%, 95,70%, dan 93,96%. Sedangkan, prioritas utama yang perlu dilakukan IFRS UNS yaitu kecepatan pelayanan kefarmasian, dan pemberian informasi mengenai obat secara lebih mendetail.
Modeling Host-Microbiome Interactions in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: GERBABA TEKLU K. , GREEN-HARRISON LUKE , BURET ANDRE G.
Published: November 2018

The microbiome influences host processes including nutritional availability, development, immunity, and behavioral responses. Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful model to study molecular mechanisms of host–microbial interactions. Recent efforts have been made to profile the natural microbiome of C. elegans, laying a foundation for mechanistic studies of host–microbiome interactions in this genetically tractable model system. Studies using single-species microbes, multi-microbial systems, and humanized worm–microbiome interaction studies reveal metabolic and microbial–microbial interactions relevant in higher organisms. This article discusses recent developments in modeling the effects of host–microbiome interactions in C. elegans.
Secondary Metabolites Produced by Heterorhabditis Symbionts and Their Application in Agriculture: What We Know and What to Do Next
Authors: STOCK S. PATRICIA , KUSAKABE AYAKO , OROZCO ROUSEL A.
Published: November 2018

Gram-negative Photorhabdus bacteria have a dual lifestyle: they are mutualists of Heterorhabditis nematodes and are pathogens of insects. Together, this nematode–bacterium partnership has been used to successfully control a wide range of agricultural insect pests. Photorhabdus produce a diverse array of small molecules that play key biological roles in regulating their dual roles. In particular, several secondary metabolites (SM) produced by this bacterium are known to play a critical role in the maintenance of a monoxenic infection in the insect host and are also known to prevent contamination of the cadaver from soil microbes and/or predation by arthropods. A few of the SM this bacteria produce have been isolated and identified, and their biological activities have also been tested in laboratory assays. Over the past two decades, analyses of the genomes of several Photorhabdus spp. have revealed the presence of SM numerous gene clusters that comprise more than 6% of these bacteria genomes. Furthermore, genome mining and characterization of biosynthetic pathways, have uncovered the richness of these compounds, which are predicted to vary across different Photorhabdus spp. and strains. Although progress has been made in the identification and function of SM genes and gene clusters, the targeted testing for the bioactivity of molecules has been scarce or mostly focused on medical applications. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of Photorhabdus SM, emphasizing on their activity against plant pathogens and parasites. We further discuss their potential in the management of agricultural pests and the steps that need to be taken for the implementation of Photorhabdus SM in pest management.
First Reports, Morphological, and Molecular Characterization of Longidorus caespiticola and Longidorus poessneckensis (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Ukraine
Authors: SUSULOVSKA SOLOMIA , CASTILLO PABLO , ARCHIDONA-YUSTE ANTONIO
Published: November 2018

Seven needle nematode species of the genus Longidorus have been reported in Ukraine. Nematological surveys for needle nematodes were carried out in Ukraine between 2016 and 2017 and two nematode species of Longidorus (L. caespiticola and L. poessneckensis) were collected from natural and anthropogenically altered habitats on the territory of Opillia and Zakarpattia in Ukraine. Nematodes were extracted from 500 cm3 of soil by modified sieving and decanting method. Extracted specimens were processed to glycerol and mounted on permanent slides and subsequently identified morphologically and molecularly. Nematode DNA was extracted from single individuals and PCR assays were conducted as previously described for D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA. Sequence alignments for D2–D3 from L. caespiticola showed 97%–99% similarity to other sequences of L. caespiticola deposited in GenBank from Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Russia, Slovenia, and Scotland. Similarly, D2–D3 sequence alignments from L. poessneckensis, showed 99% to other sequences of L. poessneckensis deposited in GenBank from Slovakia and Czech Republic. Morphology, morphometry, and molecular data obtained from these samples were consistent with L. caespiticola and L. poessneckensis identification. To our knowledge, these are the first reports of L. caespiticola and L. poessneckensis in Ukraine, extending the geographical distribution of these species.
Occurrence of Sheraphelenchus sucus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoidinae) and Panagrellus sp. (Rhabditida: Panagrolaimidae) Associated with Decaying Pomegranate Fruit in Italy
Authors: FANELLI ELENA , TROCCOLI ALBERTO , VOVLAS NICOLA , SCARCIA GIANLUCA , MINCUZZI ANNAMARIA , SANZANI SIMONA M. , IPPOLITO ANTONIO , DE LUCA FRANCESCA
Published: November 2018

Two different nematode species were recovered from pomegranate decaying fruit in two localities in Southern Italy: the mycetophagus nematode Sheraphelenchus sucus and a bacterial feeder nematode belonging to the Panagrolaimidae (Rhabditida) family. Morphometrics of the Italian population of S. sucus closely resemble that of the type population, whereas some differences were found when compared with another population from Iran. Molecular characterization of the Italian S. sucus using the 18S rRNA gene, D2–D3 expansion domains of the 28S rDNA, the ITS region, and the partial mitochondrial COI were carried out. Sequences of the 18S rRNA gene, the D2–D3 domains, and the ITS were analyzed using several methods for inferring phylogeny to reconstruct the relationships among Sheraphelenchus and Bursaphelenchus species. The bacterial feeder Panagrellus sp. was characterized at the molecular level only. The D2–D3 expansion domains and ITS sequences of this Italian panagrolaimid were determined. The D2–D3 sequences of the Italian panagrolaimid showed 99% similarity with the corresponding sequence of Panagrellus sp. associated with Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. This is the first report on the tritrophic association of S. sucus and Rhabditida that uses both insects and pomegranate fruit as hosts.
Control of Globodera spp. Using Brassica juncea Seed Meal and Seed Meal Extract
Authors: DANDURAND LOUISE-MARIE , MORRA MATT J. , ZASADA INGA A. , PHILLIPS WENDY S. , POPOVA INNA , HARDER COLE
Published: November 2018

The eradication program for the potato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera pallida, in the Northwest of the United States revolves around the use of soil fumigation. Alternative, integrated strategies are needed to continue to battle this invasive nematode. Laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted with G. pallida and another cyst nematode found in the United States, Globodera ellingtonae, to evaluate the efficacy of a new formulated Brassica juncea seed meal extract, as well as a traditional B. juncea seed meal, as alternate eradication strategies. This is the first report on the efficacy of B. juncea seed meal extract against plant-parasitic nematodes. Rates of B. juncea seed meal greater than 2.2 t/ha and 4.5 t/ha for G. pallida and G. ellingtonae, respectively, were required for egg hatch suppression, as determined by a potato root diffusate (PRD) bioassay. Reproduction of G. pallida on potato after exposure to B. juncea seed meal at a rate of 2.2 t/ha was also significantly reduced. In the field, 8.9 t/ha B. juncea seed meal almost eliminated egg hatch of G. ellingtonae. Rates needed for Globodera spp. suppression were greatly reduced when using the B. juncea seed meal extract. When compared side-by-side, half as much B. juncea seed meal extract, 1.1 t/ha, was required to suppress G. ellingtonae egg hatch to the same extent as B. juncea seed meal. Exposure of G. pallida to B. juncea seed meal extract at 4.5 t/ha reduced egg hatch by 90% compared with a nonamended control. The ability to reduce the amount of material being applied to soil by using an extract has the potential for integration into a G. pallida eradication program.
Dynamics of Social Networks Following Adolescent Pregnancy
Authors: Humberstone Elizabeth
Published: November 2018

Adolescents who experience a pregnancy often face educational and economical difficulties later in life. One factor that has been found to improve outcomes for pregnant teens is access to social supports. Inopportunely, teen pregnancy presents social obstacles, and cross-sectional analysis has found pregnant teens have fewer friendships than their non-pregnant counterparts. However, longitudinal work has yet to explore network change after a pregnancy. This study uses multiple network modeling techniques to follow the social networks of a group of girls who become pregnant between waves of the Add Health survey. Pregnant teens were found to maintain fewer friendships between time points than peers. Whole school network maps suggest that in some schools teens move to more peripheral network positions following pregnancy. These preliminary findings suggest that the relationship between social network change and pregnancy may vary depending on school environment; future work is needed to better understand how school contexts may change the social outcomes of pregnant girls.
Finnish schoolchildren’s perceived health-related quality of life deteriorates remarkably with age
Authors: Paakkonen Tarja , Paakkonen Heikki
Published: November 2018

Background:

Information on individuals’ functioning and disability is needed for numerous purposes in social and health care.

Objective:

The purpose of the study was to assess the perceived health-related quality of life of Finnish schoolchildren aged from 7 to 17 years. We were interested to ascertain if changes of health-related quality of life with age could be discovered.

Method:

The quality of life data (N = 4,776) were collected using Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitätsfragebogen (KINDL-R). The survey was conducted in several comprehensive schools using tablet computers. The response rate was 95%. The quality of life data are presented as means and standard deviations. The rating scale was 0 to 100 points.

Results:

The mean of respondents’ (N = 4,776) health-related quality of life points was 72.1 (SD 11.0). Family as a factor impacting on the quality of life scored the highest points 78.2 (SD 16.1), while self-esteem got the lowest points 62.5 (SD 17.9). Adolescent girls’ school-related quality of life points were 60.2 (SD 15.0) and adolescent boys’ points were 61.7 (SD 14.4). Lower graders’ and upper graders’ quality of life differed very significantly so that the ratings of the lower graders were higher than the ratings of the upper graders. Finnish girls’ quality of life as a whole was poorer than that of Finnish boys. The physical and emotional welfare as well as the self-esteem of young Finnish girls were poorer than those of their male peers.

Conclusions:

The poor well-being of adolescents is recognized and accepted as a development-related phenomenon. Poor health-related quality of life experienced by adolescents may be interpreted as a symptom of a disease. Deterioration in health-related quality of life among adolescents should not be accepted as a development-related factor; that phenomenon should be further investigated and necessary measures taken to improve the quality of adolescent’s life.
Apreciaciones sobre la educación para el trabajo y el desarrollo humano y el menosprecio al que se enfrenta
Authors: Palacio Vásquez Marta Lucia
Published: November 2018

En Colombia la educación para el trabajo y el desarrollo humano se encarga de la formación de las personas a partir del desarrollo de competencias laborales en un área específica basada en mayor proporción en habilidades y destrezas que en contenido teórico y documental. Este tipo de formación en Colombia hace que las personas que accedan a ella logren en un corto tiempo adquirir, complementar o reforzar conocimientos propios de un saber hacer; así mismo posibilita una integralidad referente a los temas del ser y del saber. Una vez la persona haya estudiado un programa de esta clase, (también nombrados programas técnicos), el estudiante se certifica como un auxiliar dotado de prácticas que le servirán en la vida laboral para apoyar a un tecnólogo o un profesional, pero que no le serán útiles para generar teorías, investigaciones o aportes científicos a la sociedad. En Colombia la educación para el trabajo y el desarrollo humano se encarga de la formación de las personas a partir del desarrollo de competencias laborales en un área específica basada en mayor proporción en habilidades y destrezas que en contenido teórico y documental. Este tipo de formación en Colombia hace que las personas que accedan a ella logren en un corto tiempo adquirir, complementar o reforzar conocimientos propios de un saber hacer; así mismo posibilita una integralidad referente a los temas del ser y del saber. Una vez la persona haya estudiado un programa de esta clase, (también nombrados programas técnicos), el estudiante se certifica como un auxiliar dotado de prácticas que le servirán en la vida laboral para apoyar a un tecnólogo o un profesional, pero que no le serán útiles para generar teorías, investigaciones o aportes científicos a la sociedad.
Autosabotaje en el amor: una trampa catastrófica. Análisis basado en los largometrajes Love y La vida de Adele
Authors: Suaza Ramírez Mariana
Published: November 2018

Este artículo presenta el resultado de las interpretaciones realizadas en el proyecto de investigación del curso de trabajo de grado cine y condición humana del programa de psicología de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, denominado Autosabotaje en el amor: una trampa catastrófica, análisis basado en los largometrajes Love y La vida de Adele, cuyo objetivo fue analizar los factores que inciden en el surgimiento del autosabotaje en el amor, por medio de los personajes de las películas La vida de Adele y Love. La investigación tuvo enfoque cualitativo de tipo hermenéutico - fenomenológico, donde se hizo un análisis de los personajes de los largometrajes mencionados, a la luz de teorías psicoanalíticas y filosóficas. Lo encontrado da cuenta de que el autosabotaje puede ser un mecanismo de defensa, que surge como vía de escape, ante una evidente desidealización del objeto amado, o un temor del sujeto autosaboteador de asumir la plenitud de su deseo.
Efectos emocionales del intento de suicidio de una niña de 10 años en los familiares con quienes reside en la ciudad de Medellín durante 2015-2016
Authors: Giraldo Monsalve Laura Cristina , Ospina Pavas Sara , Flórez Montoya Jorge Eliecer
Published: November 2018

El artículo propuesto es el resultado del trabajo de grado para optar al título de Psicólogo en la Universidad Católica Luís Amigó, y hace referencia a los efectos emocionales del intento de suicidio de una niña de 10 años sobre los familiares con quienes reside en la ciudad de Medellín. El tema del suicidio y el intento de suicidio son una cuestión algo difícil de abordar, tanto para los directa como para los indirectamente implicados, entendiendo que no es fácil exponer los temas que aún y a pesar del tiempo de ocurrido el suceso son dolorosos y tabúes en las familias. No obstante, se logra realizar un trabajo de campo con una familia voluntaria a quienes se aborda a partir de una entrevista semiestructurada. La metodología que guía el desarrollo de esta investigación es cualitativa. En esta se pretende visualizar las percepciones, y emociones que genera el intento de suicidio de una menor en sus familiares, ya que la literatura provee poca información acerca de los menores de edad que intentan suicidarse, y aún menos información se encuentra sobre los efectos emocionales que estos intentos de suicidio traen sobre sus familiares. En este estudio de caso, se encuentra en la familia que reside con la menor que intentó suicidarse, su tía y bisabuela; efectos como el no querer hablar del tema, convertirlo en tabú y sentimientos de culpabilidad. Con respecto a los padres de la niña, se hace notable su ausencia en la vida de la menor y los conflictos que esto ha generado en ella.
Effect of baseline snowpack assumptions in the HySIM model in predicting future hydrological behaviour of a Himalayan catchment
Authors: Remesan Renji , Begam Sazeda , Holman Ian P.
Published: November 2018

Glaciers and snowpacks influence streamflow by altering the volume and timing of discharge. Without reliable data on baseline snow and ice volumes, properties and behaviour, initializing hydrological models for climate impact assessment is challenging. Two contrasting HySIM model builds were calibrated and validated against observed discharge data (2000–2008) assuming that snowmelt of the baseline permanent snowpack reserves in the high-elevation sub-catchment are either constrained (snowmelt is limited to the seasonal snow accumulation) or unconstrained (snowmelt is only energy-limited). We then applied both models within a scenario-neutral framework to develop impact response surface of hydrological response to future changes in annual temperature and precipitation. Both models had similar baseline model performance (NSE of 0.69–0.70 in calibration and 0.64–0.66 in validation), but the impact response surfaces differ in the magnitude and (for some combinations) direction of model response to climate change at low (Q10) and high (Q90) daily flows. The implications of historical data inadequacies in snowpack characterization for assessing the impacts of climate change and the associated timing of hydrological tipping points are discussed.
Renovation as a form of urban areas improvement
Authors: Sabyna Elena Nikolaevna , Sabyna Maksim Nikolaevich
Published: November 2018

Russian cities are experiencing a shortage of land resources, having a significant wear of the housing stock at the same time. To resolve these problems the renovation can be used. Renovation – update process of urban areas. This mechanism is provided by Urban planning code of the Russian Federation, but its practical application limited. The authors have proposed organizational and legal changes, which will contribute to the improvement of the situation in the designated area.
Efficiency of poverty alleviation methods
Authors: Kuznetsova Maria Petrovna
Published: November 2018

The author notes, that, unfortunately, the phenomenon of poverty has become chronic in our country. For the whole period of the researchers of the issue there were a lot of methods of regulation proposed to regulate the poverty. However, it is worth to mention the difference in efficiency of the methods and also to mention about the possibility of their use in a particular case. Today the offering necessity of the expansion of social support for supporting households with children has become one of the basic methods to regulate the processes of progressive poverty. Perhaps, such a direction in regulating the spread of poverty will become a crucial in this struggle.
The image of the Benefactor in the dystopian novel «We» of E. Zamyatin
Authors: Abzaidova Nuriana Vagidovna
Published: November 2018

The article is devoted to some features of the function and construction of the image of the Benefactor in the Zamyatin novel. One of the central philosophical problems of the novel – the problem of freedom and happiness – is considered. Through the implementation of this problem the image of the Benefactor, who has a long literary, philosophical and religious tradition, appears in the work. It is in the monologue of the Benefactor that the ancient antinomy freedom – happiness is voiced. And although in the novel we observe the victory of the rational United State over the soul, but we clearly catch the author's point of view about the inhumanity of such «happiness».
Functional Diversity of Quorum Sensing Receptors in Pathogenic Bacteria: Interspecies, Intraspecies and Interkingdom Level
Authors: Khan Fazlurrahman , Javaid Aqib , Kim Young-Mog
Published: November 2018

The formation of biofilm by pathogenic bacteria is considered as one of the most powerful mechanisms/modes of resistance against the action of several antibiotics. Biofilm is formed as a structural adherent over the surfaces of host, food and equipments etc. and is further functionally coordinated by certain chemicals produced itself. These chemicals are known as quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules and are involved in the cross talk at interspecies, intraspecies and interkingdom levels thus resulting in the production of virulence factors leading to pathogenesis. Bacteria possess receptors to sense these chemicals, which interact with the incoming QS molecules. It is followed by the secretion of virulence molecules, regulation of bioluminescence, biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance development and motility behavioral responses. In the natural environment, different bacterial species (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) produce QS signaling molecules that are structurally and functionally different. Recent and past research shows that various antagonistic molecules (naturally and chemically synthesized) are characterized to inhibit the formation of biofilm and attenuation of bacterial virulence by blocking the QS receptors. This review article describes about the diverse QS receptors at their structural, functional and production levels. Thus, by blocking these receptors with inhibitory molecules can be a potential therapeutic approach to control pathogenesis. Furthermore, these receptors can also be used as a structural platform to screen the most potent inhibitors with the help of bioinformatics approaches.
The Causative Organisms of Bacterial Meningitis and their Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Iranian Children in 2011-2016
Authors: Valian Sepideh Keshavarz , Mahmoudi Shima , Pourakbari Babak , Banar Maryam , Ashtiani Mohammad Taghi Haghi , Mamishi Setareh
Published: November 2018

Objective:

The study aimed to describe the identity and antimicrobial resistance patterns of the
causative agents of bacterial meningitis in children referred to Children’s Medical Center (CMC) Hospital,
Tehran, Iran.

Methods:

This retrospective study was performed at CMC Hospital during a six-year period from 2011 to
2016. The microbiological information of the patients with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis was collected
and the following data were obtained: patients’ age, sex, hospital ward, the results of CSF and
blood cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of isolated organisms.

Results:

A total of 118 patients with bacterial meningitis were admitted to CMC hospital. Sixty-two percent
(n=73) of the patients were male. The median age of the patients was ten months (interquartile range
[IQR]: 2 months-2 years) and the majority of them (n=92, 80%) were younger than two years of age. The
highest number of patients (n=47, 40%) were admitted to the surgery department. Streptococcus
epidermidis was the most frequent isolated bacterium (n=27/127, 21%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae
(n=20/127, 16%), and Staphylococcus aureus (n=16/127, 12.5%). Blood culture was positive in 28%
(n=33/118) of patients. Ampicillin-sulbactam and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics against
Gram-negative bacteria isolated from CSF cultures. In the case of Gram-positive organisms, ampicillinsulbactam,
vancomycin, and linezolid were the best choices. Imipenem was the most active drug against
Gram-negative blood pathogens. Also, ampicillin and vancomycin had the best effect on Gram-positive
bacteria isolated from blood cultures.

Conclusion:

Results of this study provide valuable information about the antibiotic resistance profiles of
the etiologic agents of childhood meningitis, which can be used for prescription of more effective empirical
therapies.
APLIKASICITRARESOLUSITINGGIUNTUKPENILAIANKONDISIMANGROVEDIBEBERAPANEGARA
Authors: Hadi Bambang Syaeful
Published: November 2018

Mangrovesebagaiekosistempentingkeberadaannyamakinterancamolehberbagaiaktivitasmanusiayangmengatasnamakanpembangunan,pemenuhankebutuhanlahandankayuyangmakintinggi,danminimnyapengelolaanmangrovekarenaterbatasnyabasisdatadanpetamangrove.Penelitian-penelitianterhadapmangroveyangdilakukanolehbeberapaahlidanpemerhatidenganmenggunakanteknikpenginderaanjauh,terutamadenganmenggunakancitrasatelitresolusitinggiQuickbirddanIkonosbertujuanuntukmemetakanmangrovedenganberbagaispesiesnya,memonitordanmenilaikondisi,danmerumuskanalternatifpengelolaanya.MetodeyangdigunakanolehbeberapapenelitiadalahinterpretasicitraQuickbirddanIkonosbaiksecaravisualmaupundigital.Padaumumnyametodepengumpulandatamenggabungkankerjalapangandenganinterpretasicitra.BeberapapenelitimenggunakanalatbantuAccuParuntukmemperolehnilaiLAIyangdigunakanuntukmengembangkanmodelstatistikregresidenganmelbatkannilaiNDVI.Hasil-hasilpenelitianmenunjukkanbahwateknikpenginderaanjauhkhususnyadengancitraresolusitinggiQuickbirddanIkonosdibeberapanegarasangatfektifuntukpengenalanspesiesmangrove,memetakannya,mengenalidanmengukurbiofisiknya,dankondisikesehatannya.Klasifikasihutanmangrovedapatdibuatsecaracepatdenganakurasiyangdapatdipertanggungjawabkan.Bantuanceklapangandananalisisstatistik(regeresi)dapatmengungkaphubunganyangeratantaraLAI,NDVIdengankarakteristikmangrovedilapangan.Katakunci:quickbird,NDVI,pemetaan,mangrove
DAMPAK RENCANA PENAMBANGAN PASIR BESI TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL PETANI LAHAN PANTAI DI DESA BANARAN KECAMATAN GALUR KABUPATEN KULON PROGO
Authors: Isabrin Fahmi , Suparmini Suparmini
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) sikap petani lahan pantai terhadap rencana penambangan pasir besi (2) dampak sosial rencana penambangan pasir besi terhadap petani lahan pantai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diskriptif kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dengan teknik tabel frekuensi berupa angka dan persentase dengan sistem tabulasi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian sampel, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 kepala rumah tangga petani lahan pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Sebanyak 75,76% petani lahan pantai di Desa Banaran menyetujui adanya rencana penambangan pasir besi di pesisir selatan Kulon Progo karena dapat menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan baru sehingga tingkat kesejahteraan mereka akan meningkat. (2) Berdirinya pilot preject di Desa Banaran menurut 75,76 % responden tidak berpengaruh terhadap kenyamanan tempat tinggal, sedangkan 24,24 % responden mengaku debit air sumur warga berkurang. Rencana penambangan pasir besi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kerukunan antar warga dan frekuensi kegiatan sosial, hanya beberapa warga merasa takut mengikuti kegiatan sosial yang diadakan karena takut dicap sebagai warga yang berseberangan dengan masyarakat sekitar. Pilot project di Desa Banaran menurut 69,70% responden tidak berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas sehari-hari penduduk, menurut 24,24% responden berpengaruh karena jalan menuju pilot project rusak, sedangkan sebanyak 6,06% responden menyatakan berpengaruh karena responden bias berdagang di dekat area pilot project.Kata kunci : dampak sosial, rencana, pasir besi, pilot project
MEMBANGUN ETIKA LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI BASIS PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Hadi Bambang Syaeful
Published: November 2018

AbstrakManusia sebagai bagian dari makhluk hidup penghuni bumi berhubungan timbal balik dengan lingkungan. Dalam rangka mencapai kesejahteraan hidupnya manusia berusaha memanfaatkan sumberdaya lingkungan yang ada. Sebagian dari manusia mempunyai cara pandang yang keliru terhadap sumberdaya (mentalitas frontier), sehingga tindakannya dapat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan. Disisi lain terdapat pula kelompok manusia yang berusaha melakukan pembangunan dengan mengejar angka pertumbuhan ekonomi dengan memproduksi sebanyak-banyaknya, sehingga eksploitasi lingungan alam tak dapat dihindarkan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan krisis lingkungan, maka paradigma pembangunan perlu diubah agar sumberdaya yang ada tidak punah atau hanya dinikmati generasi saat ini, tetapi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bekal  hidup generasi mendatang. Dengan kata lain pembangunan harus berkelanjutan. Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (sustainable development) memerlukan landasan nilai dan moral, agar setiap oang dapat mendukungnya. Landasan nilai tersebut adalah etika lingkungan. Etika lingkungan dapat memiliki daya kendali yang baik bagi setiap tindakan manusia terhadap lingkungan manakala terjadi perubahan pola pikir (moral thinking), sikap moral (moral affective), dan tindakan (moral action). Bila etika lingkungan telah terbangun dan terinternalisasi dalam diri manusia, maka pembangunan berkelanjutan tidak akan mengalami hambatan dalam pelaksanaannya. Membangun etika dapat dilakukan melalui pendidikan jalur formal/sekolah dan nonformal (keluarga dan masyarakat).Kata kunci : etika lingkungan, lingkungan berkelanjutan
AMERIKA SERIKAT MENCARI RUANG HIDUP DI SELURUH DUNIA
Authors: Gunardo Gunardo
Published: November 2018

Kajian terhadap suatu negara dalam perspektif Geografi Politik dapat menggunakan pendekatan fungsional. Pendekatan tersebut meliputi fungsi internal dan eksternal. Fungsi internal mencakup kekuatan sentripetal,kekuatan sentrifugal, ideologi negara dan organisasi intern. Sedangkan fungsi eksternal meliputi relasi teritorial, relasi elonomis, relasi politis dan relasi strategis. Amerika Serikat sebagai suatu negara adidaya dalam rangka mempertahankan ideologi kebebasan individunya rela berperang di seantero dunia, mulai dari tahun 1940-an di Eropa (Jerman) dan Asia (Jepang), tahun 1950an sampai kini di Asia (Korea , Vietnam, Afghanistan dan Irak). Perang-perang itu dilaksanakan dalam kerangka relasi politis (mempertahankan hegemoninya), relasi ekonomis (menjamin pasar bagi produk industri) dan relasi strategis (menjamin pasokan energi bahan bakar minyak). Dengan kata lain Amerika Serikat akan terus berusaha mendapatkan ruang hidup  yang lebih luas bagi 191,1 juta penduduknya kalau tidak mau bubar seperti Uni Sovyet dan Yugoslavia.     Kata Kunci: Geografi politik, ruang
PENGGUNAAN CITRA QUICKBIRD DAN SIG UNTUK PEROLEHAN DATA SPASIAL GUNA MENDUKUNG MANAJEMEN LALULINTAS DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dg. Bau Qadriathi , Hartono Hartono
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Permasalahan yang sering muncul di pusatkotapada kota-kota besar dan menengah, seperti halnyaYogyakartaadalah masalah transportasi yang pada umumnya terjadi akibat ketimpangan antara kepesatan peningkatan sarana transportasi dan rendahnya kemampuan penyediaan prasarana transportasi. Citra Quickbird dapat digunakan untuk menyajikan data dan informasi beberapa parameter yang berkaitan dengan kemacetan lalu lintas sehingga dapat digunakan untuk manajemen lalulintas dalam pemecahan masalah transportasi. Data dari 8 parameter yang digunakan sebagai masukan dalam managemen lalu lintas, 5 parameter dapat diinterpretasi dari citra Quickbird, yaitu: unsur geometrik jalan yang dipakai sebagai dasar dalam perhitungan tingkat pelayanan dan derajat kejenuhan, penggunaan lahan, bentuk persimpangan, trotoar, dan kondisi parkir. Data spasial yang diperole memiliki akurasi yang baik dengan ketelitian 98 % masing-masing untuk penggunaan lahan dan data lebar jalan. Kata Kunci: Quickbird, SIG, Kemacetan Lalulintas, Manajemen Lalulintas
PERAN GEOGRAFI DALAM KAJIAN PERTANIAN
Authors: Hastuti Hastuti
Published: November 2018

Abstrak             Kegiatan manusia memanfaatkan lahan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan menjadi kajian geografi pertanian. Kajian variasi lokasi dikaitkan dengan ruang dan waktu tertentu, observasi langsung dan tidak langsung terhadap fakta geografi, persebaran keruangan, dan kewilayahan, interaksi manusia dengan alam, dan diferensiasi wilayah menjadi fokus kajian geografi pertanian. Pendekatan geografi pertanian difokuskan pada kegiatan manusia dalam memanfaatkan lahan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya memperhatikan keruangan, kelingkungan, dan kewilayahan. Geografi sebagai disiplin yang didalamnya ikut mengkaji aspek pertanian diharapkan dapat ikut memberikan kontribusi mengembangkan pertanian selaras dengan alam. Identifikasi faktor determinan dengan pendekatan geografi sehingga penerapan teknologi pertanian selalu memperhatikan faktor alam sebagai faktor produksi utama. Krisis berkepanjangan mengharuskan pemahaman kebijakan pembangunan pertanian ditinjau kembali agar mencapai tingkat pertumbuhan produksi pertanian tanpa menafikkan daya dukung faktor produksi yang berkelanjutan. Transformasi pertanian ke industri agar berjalan mulus yaitu agroindustri yang mendorong segera terciptanya ekonomi industri yang didukung ekonomi pertanian. Orientasi pertanian perlu disesuaikan kebutuhan pasar agar produksi pertanian mampu menjadi sumber pendapatan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan manusia terutama mereka yang tetap bertahan pada kegiatan pertanian. Kata Kunci : Geografi, Usaha Tani, Pengembangan Pertanian.
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Sudrajat Sudrajat
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kualitas Pembelajaran IPS di SD melalui Pendidikan Multikultural. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), model Kemmis & Taggart yang terdiri dari: planning (perencanaan), acting & observing (pelaksanaan dan pengamatan), serta reflecting (refleksi). Tindakan penelitian dilakukan dengan tiga siklus dimana pada siklus pertama tindakan yang dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran jigsaw, pada siklus kedua dengan model team games tournament, sedangkan pada siklus ketiga dengan model team investigation report. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri 2 Kadipiro, Ngestiharjo, Kasihan, Bantul. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif yang dikembangkan oleh Miles & Huberman yaitu data reduction, data display, dan conclusion atau kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; 1) siklus pertama pola perancangan upaya peningkatan meningkatkan kerjasama seluruh siswa, 2) siklus kedua pada pola penanaman sikap kerjasama dan kompetisi, 3) siklus ketiga pada cara siswa melakukan investigasi, merumuskan hipotesis, dan menyelesaikan permasalahan yang muncul.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOKO BERGAMISTIK PADA SISWA KELAS VIII.I SMP NEGERI 1 LANGSA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Juwita Ratna
Published: November 2018

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOKO BERGAMISTIK PADA SISWA KELAS VIII.I SMP NEGERI 1 LANGSATAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018Ratna JuwitaSMP Negeri 1 Langsa AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa melalui model pembelajaran Koko Bergamistik pada materi Negara-Negara ASEAN di kelas VIII.I SMP Negeri 1 Langsa tahun pelajaran 2017/208. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi, keempat tahapan disebut siklus. Penelitian ni terdiri dari tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII.I dengan jumlah 31 siswi. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik tes, observasi, dokumentasi,wawancara serta diskusi. Indicator kinerja pnelitian adalah hasil belajar siswa secara klasikal mencapai 85% tuntas KKM 72 dan aktivitas siswa mencapai keaktifan 85%. berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh peningkatan Peningkatan ini dapat dilihat dari nilai hasil belajar kognitif pada sisklus I diperoleh niali rata-rata 71,29, pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata- rata 81,64, dan pada siklus III diperoleh nilai rata-rata 82,29. Ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I ketuntassan belajar sebesar 51,61%, pada siklus II ketuntasan belajar sebesar 80,64% dan pada siklus III ketuntasan belajar 87,10%. Simpulan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif kolaboratif berbantuan game IPS berbasis TIk (Koko Bergamistik) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa pada materi Negara-negara ASEAN di kelas VIII.I SMP Negeri 1 Langsa tahun pelajaran2017/2018.Kata Kunci : hasil belajar, aktivitas siswa, model pembelajaranKoko Bergamistik
KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DAN KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS DI NAGARI GARABAK DATA DAN NAGARI BUKIK KANDUANG, KABUPATEN SOLOK)
Authors: Fajri Hidayatul
Published: November 2018

This study discusses forest management by local communities and society of Nagari Garabak Data and Nagari Bukik Kanduang Solok Regency of West Sumatra Province. Nagari Garabak Data is a village located in a protected forest area with the acquisition entirely in the hands of the state while in Nagari Bukik Kanduang forest is managed and controlled by people with a form of community forests (communal forest). Principal argument of this study that differences in the management model of the village causing differences in poverty communities. The purpose of this research is to understand forest management in both villages and analyze the impact of the forest management against poverty. Key Word: Forest Management, Poverty Peoples, Ulayat, Access
ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN DEFINISI KONSEP DALAM UU APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA (TINJAUAN DARI ASPEK PREDIKSI MUNCULNYA PROBLEM IMPLEMENTASI)
Authors: Pambudi Argo
Published: November 2018

Multi-factor interpretation of the concept that is used in every public policy often becomes the cause of problems in implementation. This problem arises when there are different interpretations among those who involve in the implementation phase. Problems will be bigger when the differences in interpretation can not be compromised. Therefore improper definition variable of the concept-to be the root causes of this phenomenon of multiple interpretations.Meanwhile, the different perception variable, different interests, different socio-cultural settings and other differences in society are variables that strengthen the foundation of the emergence of these differences. The logical consequence that must be faced in every public policy is that the use of the definition of the concept of right-of-use is a demand that must be met in order to prevent the emergence of various implementation issues derived from the variables mentioned above. This article was written to gain a deep understanding of the right-to aspects related to the use of the definition of the concept in Law No. 5 of 2014 on the Civil State Apparatus. The goal is that it can assert potental material that raises issues of the implementation of the law and can also be used as an academic paper refinement and consideration for the development of policies and / or regulations to implement the Act. Kata kunci: public policy, civilian state apparatus, concept definition
The Motorcycle Transportation in Kudus Enhances the Human Development
Authors: Soetomo Sugiono
Published: November 2018

Urban activities in rural life are starting to begin its development. However, this development is still growing along with agricultural activities. To support the urban activities, rural people use their private transportation, that is, motorcycle. This study chooses three villages in Kudus Regency: Rahtawu, Wonocolo, and Pedurenan. The result of this study is there is a process of urbanization among rural people facilitated by motorcycles, so these areas are called rurban areas.
Impact of Boundary Removal Project on Residents’ Perceptions: Cases in Taiwan
Authors: Zhang Heng , Ou Yu-Hao , Chang Yu-Min
Published: November 2018

Boundary removal project (BRP) aims to eliminate barriers between two sites and activate the grey residual space in-between. School campus in Taiwan is often surrounded by walls, which blocks its connection to communities and often creates security concerns. School campus has become the most popular target for BRP, which tries to turn it into a functional and aesthetic space. This study intends to explore the impact of campus BRP within a community, especially its relationships with neighborhood safety, perceived change and place attachment. The result shows that the improvement of boundary environment has a significant impact on all three perceptions.Keywords: Environmental amelioration; Neighborhood safety; Perceived change; Place attachmenteISSN: 2398-4287 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1532
Enhancement for Rural Livability: Changes and impacts on the traditional Malay settlement
Authors: Harun Nor Zalina , Jaffar Najiha
Published: November 2018

A traditional settlement is defined as an area with sound and a strong sense of traditional village character inhabited by a society that preserves their cultural and traditional practices. However, the society’s traditions and way of life have continuously been threatened as the country moves towards urbanisation, which is gradually changing the settlements. The objectives of this research are to identify the changes in the traditional settlement and identify the issues in deterioration of traditional Malay settlement. A mixed-method approach applied as the research methodology. The findings reveal the changes and impact include six underlying factors; natural disaster, lack of maintenance, modern development, destruction by irresponsible parties, lack of awareness and declining of traditional product in the market.Keywords: traditional settlements; issues; heritage sites; preservation of heritage sites eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1544