Dynamics, Level and Structure of Injuries among Urban Residents
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Fayzrakhmanova Gul’nara M. , Delyan Artur M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M. N. Sadykov, Sadykov Rustem I. ,   Kazan State Medical University,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M. N. Sadykov, Radchenko Ol’ga R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Chikayev Vyacheslav F. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Injuries have been and remain the main medical and social problem of modern medicine, which is especially acute in industrialized regions of Russia. Studying injury rate is important for developing and improving measures for their prevention.
AIM: To study of injury rate among the urban population of Kazan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on the base of the trauma center of Sadykov City Clinical Hospital No. 7. For the analysis, data from Form No. 57 ‘Information on injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of exposure to external factors’ were used. The dynamics and structure of injuries were studied among the population of Novo-Savinovsky district of Kazan for 2020–2022. Patients who visited the trauma center, were analyzed by gender, causes and types of trauma. The level of primary morbidity per 100 thousand population was calculated, parameters of the dynamics and structure of injuries were determined. For the analysis, methods of parametric and non-parametric statistics were used: for relative values, the proportion of the attribute was calculated, reliability of differences was determined using Fisher’s test; for quantitative variables, mean values and error of mean were determined, reliability of differences was evaluated using Student’s test; the dynamics was evaluated by constructing a simple direct tendency with use of Microsoft Excel program package.
RESULTS: The conducted analysis showed that during the study period, the injury rate among the residents of Novo-Savinovsky district of Kazan, reliably exceeded republican average values by 1.29 times (t = 2.58; р ≤ 0.05). A reliable 1.13 times increase in the proportion of children and teenagers in the structure of patients of the trauma center was observed (φemp = 10.42; α ≤ 0,01), and a reliable increase in the proportion of males by 4.32% (φemp = 2.024; α ≤ 0.05). In the adult population, among non-occupational injuries, a reliable tendency to decline of trafic injuries was noted (y = -17x + 358.33; R² = 0.97) with simultaneous reliable increase (y = 335x + 1536; R² = 0.98) in street injuries by 1.35 times in 2022 (φemp = 9.97; α ≤ 0.01). The structure of Kazan citizens managed at the trauma center can be considered characteristic of large cities: a proportion of superficial injuries makes a little more than a third of all the patients, a proportion of dislocations, muscle stretches, muscle and tendon injuries makes a little more than a quarter, and fractures of limbs and other locations of the body account for a little less than a quarter of injuries.
CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained can be used by healthcare managers to plan and improve the activities of trauma centers, as well as to strengthen preventive activities of employees of the hygienic education departments of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration and the Centers for Public Health and Medical Prevention, to develop active propaganda to prevent street injuries.