bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
المنعطف التأويلي في نظرية العقل الموضوعي عند كارل بوبر
Authors: بوالباروض عبد الهادي
Published: December 2023

يسعى هذا البحث إلى معالجة إشكالية البعد الإبستمولوجي في التأويل من خلال نظرية العقل الموضوعي عند كارل بوبر، ومن بواعث إثارة هذا الموضوع الوقوف على السيرورة التأويلية في منظومة العقل الموضوعي والدور الوظيفي للغة المنضوية تحته، وذلك عبر الوقوف في البداية على السياق التاريخي للفعل التأويلي، وحضوره في العقل الموضوعي بناءً على مقاربة بوبر، وانتقل البحث إلى الحديث عن العوالم الثلاثة باعتبارها الركائز المؤطرة لسيرورة المعرفة الإنسانية بمختلف أنماطها، ثم ناقش العلاقة التفاعلية بين العوالم الثلاثة وأثرها في البناء الموضوعي للفهم، هذا الأخير سيتحول بدوره إلى قضية إبستمولوجية كما ناقشتها بعض الرؤى في ثنايا البحث قصد تعزيز الممارسة النقدية في التأويل، في حين تحيلنا الفكرة الأخيرة إلى إبراز الخاصية التطورية المميزة للفهم والعقل الموضوعيين. وأهم ما يستنتج من البحث أن دعوى بوبر حول الآليات والقيم الإبستمولوجية في التأويل، تحث على إثارة مزايا التأويل ودوره الفعال في تعزيز فهمنا التاريخي والحضاري، الأمر الذي دفع إلى التأكيد على الأهمية الإبستمولوجية لتحصين السيرورة التأويلية.
افتتاحية العدد
Authors: بنتاجر سعيد
Published: December 2023

افتتاحية العدد
Analisis Kerangka Hukum dan Peraturan Yang Mempengaruhi Manajemen Koperasi
Authors: Syabrinildi Syabrinildi
Published: December 2023

Latar Belakang: Koperasi merupakan salah satu badan usaha yang penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Kerangka hukum dan peraturan yang mengatur manajemen koperasi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi manajemen koperasi.

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kerangka hukum dan peraturan yang mengatur manajemen koperasi di Indonesia.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dengan mengeksplorasi jurnal, buku, perundang-undangan dan informasi lain yang relevan di Google Schoolar. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dasar hukum koperasi diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perkoperasian dan perubahannya yang mengatur sejumlah ketentuan tentang perkoperasian, termasuk di antaranya fungsi koperasi, syarat pembentukan, pembubaran koperasi, dan lainnya.  Kerangka hukum dan peraturan yang mengatur koperasi di Indonesia perlu disempurnakan agar dapat mengakomodasi perkembangan koperasi dan memenuhi kebutuhan anggotanya, sejumlah aspek yang perlu disempurnakan antara lain perlindungan anggota, pemberdayaan anggota dan pengembanan koperasi.

Kesimpulan: Dasar hukum koperasi di Indonesia terutama diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perkoperasian dan perubahannya. Undang-undang ini mengatur berbagai aspek penting dalam keberadaan koperasi, termasuk fungsi, syarat pendirian, serta proses pembubaran koperasi.
Schooleigen curriculumontwikkeling als focus van onderzoek
Authors: Nieveen N. , Van den Akker J.
Published: December 2023

Decennialang is onderzoek naar relevante vraagstukken rondom schooleigen curriculumontwikkeling verwaarloosd. Dit is opmerkelijk voor een land als Nederland, met haar decentrale onderwijsbeleid, dat scholen een grote eigen curriculaire ruimte en verantwoordelijkheid geeft. Na een beknopte schets van de beleidscontext en de historie van het Nederlandse curriculumonderzoek, bepleiten we meer onderzoekaandacht voor de uitdagingen en vraagstukken die gerelateerd zijn aan drie perspectieven op schooleigen curriculumontwikkeling. We houden een pleidooi voor verschillende vormen van curriculumonderzoek: systematisch onderzoek naar (groeiende) praktijken van schooleigen curriculumontwikkeling, internationaal vergelijkend onderzoek en historisch onderzoek wat betreft curriculumbeleid en -praktijk en wat er wel en juist niet lijkt en leek te werken. Curriculumontwikkeling binnen de school kan ook verder versterkt worden door de inzet van monitoring en analyse, ontwerponderzoek en summatieve evaluatie. Nadrukkelijke aandacht voor curriculumonderzoek gericht op het mesoniveau vergroot onmiskenbaar de kans op een transparante onderbouwing van keuzes in curriculaire besluitvorming binnen scholen, het professioneel handelen van docenten, schoolleiding en de actoren in de educatieve infrastructuur en draagt bij aan de noodzakelijke vergroting van de kennisbasis en ontwikkeling van een gemeenschappelijke curriculumtaal op het punt van schooleigen curriculumontwikkeling. Met deze bijdrage hopen we een aanzet tot agendering te geven.
Leerlingperceptie van agency in het VO: een exploratief onderzoek naar het ontwerp en de kwaliteit van de Student Agency Scale (SAS)
Authors: Schoots-Snijder A.J.M. , Tigelaar E.H. , Admiraal W.F.
Published: December 2023

Een belangrijke opdracht van het middelbaar onderwijs is om leerlingen voor te bereiden op hun vervolgstudie door hun te leren hun eigen leerproces vorm te geven en hen voor te bereiden op hun rol in de maatschappij. Aangenomen wordt dat leerlingen die agency ontwikkelen, hiertoe beter in staat zijn. Bandura onderscheidt vier kenmerken van agency, namelijk intenties expliciteren, vooruitdenken, zelfregulerend handelen en reflecteren. Deze zijn gefundeerd op drie pijlers, namelijk vertrouwen in eigen kunnen, bewustzijn en waarden. Er is nog geen meetinstrument dat zowel de pijlers als kenmerken van agency van leerlingen meet. In dit onderzoek staan de ontwikkeling, betrouwbaarheid en begripsvaliditeit centraal van een vragenlijst waarmee de perceptie van leerlingen van hun agency in kaart kan worden gebracht. De vragenlijst is ontwikkeld met behulp van een facetontwerp en is getest op een school voor havo en vwo in de Randstad (N=637). De vragenlijst toont voldoende begripsvaliditeit en betrouwbaarheid. Vervolgonderzoek in verschillende contexten is nodig om de generaliseerbaarheid en andere vormen van validiteit te onderzoeken. Vervolgens kan onderzoek gedaan worden naar de relatie tussen agency en leerprestaties en de invloed van de leeromgeving op de ontwikkeling van agency.
Shedloads of Awesome, part 2: Mike and Matt’s excellent adventure
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: December 2023

 Brachiosaurus  : uglier than you think (we’re sorry, but it’s true). How awesome was our trip to Germany? I’ll tell you: it was easily the best conference AND the best research trip I’ve ever been on. We started out with three solid days of sauropod talks at the University of Bonn. I’ve been going to SVP for ten years, and usually I’m lucky if there are three or four sauropod talks at the whole meeting, plus maybe half a dozen posters.
What I did on my holidays
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: December 2023

I made brachiosaur sand-sculptures. Brachiosaurid in hypothetical sleep posture, left anteroventrolateral view. Juvenile Homo sapiens (Daniel Taylor) for scale. (And yes, it’s  that  Daniel Taylor, the author of Taylor 2005 — a copy of which apparently hangs on the wall of the Padian Lab.) But wait!  Is the brachiosaur truly asleep, as it seems, or is it actually the victim of a mighty hunter?
“Brachiosaurus” brancai is not Brachiosaurus
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: December 2023

Today sees the publication of the new  Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology  , and with it my paper on the two best-known brachiosaurs and why they’re not congeneric (Taylor 2009).  This of course is why I have been coyly referring to  “Brachiosaurus” brancai  in the last few months … I couldn’t bear to make the leap straight to saying  Giraffatitan  , a name that is going to take me a while to get used to. But before we
Tutorial 7: the sauropod family tree
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: December 2023

We really should have covered this ages ago …  Here we are, blithering on about brachiosaurids and diplodocoids and all, and we’ve never really spelled out what these terms mean.  Sorry! The family tree of a group of animals (or plants, or fungi, or what have you) is called its phylogeny.  The science of figuring out a phylogeny is called systematics.
ASP target of opportunity
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: December 2023

Weren’t we just discussing the problem of keeping up with all the good stuff on da intert00bz? The other day Rebecca Hunt-Foster, a.k.a. Dinochick, posted a “mystery photo” that is right up our alley here at SV-POW!, but, lazy sods that we are, we missed it until just now.
Brachiosaurus: both bigger and smaller than you think
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: December 2023

I made this, just for the heck of it. The critters are, from left to right: OMNH 53062, the holotype of  Sauroposeidon proteles  , with a reconstructed skeleton grayed in; HM XV2, a fibula of  Brachiosaurus brancai  , which represents the largest known individual of  Brachiosaurus  ; HM SII, the nearly complete mounted composite skeleton of  Brachiosaurus brancai  in Berlin; a 20-foot-tall, world record giraffe;
Um, dude, there’s a thing on your neck
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: December 2023

On the off chance that the postparapophyses of  Shunosaurus  weren’t enough to sate your appetite for Sino-pod rib-related weirdness, here are a couple of fused cervicals of  Klamelisaurus  , from the Middle Jurassic of China (from Zhao 1993:plate 1). These are weird for a couple of reasons.
To B.b. or not to B.b — or — So what is a “genus” anyway?
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: December 2023

 Introduction  Back when the Xenoposeidon paper came out, we suggested that Xeno could be the first repesentative of a new sauropod “family”, and then discussed at some length: what is a “family” anyway?
Perspectiva ambiental en el ejercicio de la magistratura
Authors: Torres Sergio Gabriel
Published: December 2023

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos analizar, a la luz de las normas legales, constitucionales y convencionales, como así también teniendo en cuenta los principios del derecho ambiental, las características especiales que identifican los procesos ambientales. En efecto, las reflexiones plasmadas en este artículo nos llevan a concebir el paradigma ambiental como un sistema jurídico que incorpora la tutela del medioambiente en los escenarios de toda actuación jurisdiccional. En este desafío, la magistratura está llamada a tener un rol clave como agente de cambio, haciendo valer las leyes en la materia, procurando un desarrollo sostenible basado en la justicia, la equidad y la ética sin comprometer a las generaciones venideras
Comentario al fallo “López y otros vs. Argentina” de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre traslado de personas privadas de libertad
Authors: Ponce Augusto Carlos
Published: December 2023

A través del presente trabajo se analizará el procedimiento bajo el cual el Servicio Penitenciario argentino dispone los traslados de las personas que se encuentran privadas de su libertad. Específicamente, se evaluará si estos están sujetos a un control judicial o, por el contrario, son dispuestos discrecionalmente por la autoridad administrativa. Se examinará la cuestión mediante los lineamientos que la Corte Interamericana ha establecido a través de su jurisprudencia. Finalmente, intentaremos bridar una posible solución a la cuestión planteada proponiendo la consolidación de un sistema acusatorio en la etapa de ejecución de la pena.
criptoactivos en el patrimonio de las personas y su transmisión en el proceso sucesorio
Authors: Suarez Della Porta Rodrigo C.
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo aborda la problemática jurídica que se presenta en el ámbito de la provincia de Buenos Aires cuando se produce el deceso de una persona cuyo patrimonio se encuentra compuesto por criptoactivos. A tales fines, tras una introducción explicativa, se analiza cómo los mismos han comenzado a integrar el patrimonio de las personas, para finalmente examinar el tema de su transmisión frente al fallecimiento del titular de dichos activos conforme el actual marco legal existente a nivel nacional y su situación en el derecho comparado.
sentido histórico de la indemnización por despido sin causa
Authors: Alfie Ana Clara
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se pretende recuperar el sentido histórico de la indemnización por despido sin causa, identificando los valores que se promocionaron como determinantes para su consagración legislativa. La intención es dotar de sensibilidad histórico-jurídica a la hora de abordar la pregunta acerca de si es conveniente bregar por una modificación o anulación del instituto. Para ello, se realizará una contextualización histórica de las normas que instauraron y consolidaron la indemnización por despido en el período comprendido entre los años 1932 a 1974, para luego analizar la voz de los legisladores que protagonizaron los debates parlamentarios de dichas leyes.
abogado y la abogada de niños, niñas y adolescentes en el proceso penal bonaerense
Authors: D’Empaire Eduardo A.
Published: December 2023

La presentación aborda la figura del abogado del niño, creada en la ley bonaerense 14.568, que tiene como finalidad la asistencia jurídica y representación legal en juicio de los intereses de los niños, niñas y adolescentes; afirmándose la posibilidad de esta intervención legal también en el proceso penal. Para sostener esta hipótesis, se desarrollan los fundamentos que encuentra la figura en el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, en particular en el derecho de las personas menores de edad a ser oídos y a participar en los procesos donde se investigan delitos de los que fueron víctimas, en conjunción con el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva. Asi mismo, el fundamento en las leyes nacionales y provinciales complementarias. En ese marco, se realiza una exégesis de la Ley 14.568 y de los textos legales que regulan la actuación del abogado y abogada del niño, niña y adolescente en todas las etapas del proceso penal, que permita asegurar una efectiva garantía de los derechos.
mutabilidad de los peligros procesales en la investigación penal preparatoria y el trato digno en la cárcel como impulsores del control periódico de la prisión preventiva
Authors: Pino Gabriela Belén
Published: December 2023

Los datos recabados de la práctica penitenciaria bonaerense fueron el puntapié para analizar las condiciones de detenciones actuales y el impacto que la sobrepoblación acarrea en el debido proceso penal. Se determinó que la problemática estructural tiene su génesis en la política criminal de “mano dura” instalada por los medios masivos de comunicación, tratando de invadir una esfera del poder estatal y colocando el instituto de la prisión preventiva en la respuesta judicial rápida, desnaturalizando su esencia de ultima ratio. Lo que se propone es implementar un control periódico de la prisión preventiva mediante un procedimiento de revisión basado en los principios de celeridad, inmediatez, oralidad y economía procesal, tendiente a garantizar el debido proceso que debe regir todo procedimiento penal.
prisión preventiva como ejercicio desnudo del poder en los conceptos de Michael Foucault
Authors: Gómez Benítez Gabriel Horacio
Published: December 2023

En este artículo me propongo analizar el instituto de la prisión preventiva, su origen político y su significado histórico. Buscaré descubrir una explicación que dé cuenta de su permanencia en la práctica jurídica actual a través de las ideas de Michael Foucault
La acción de amparo como herramienta judicial para cuestionar la implementación del pase sanitario
Authors: Cardoso Carolina Elizabeth , Zelenic Mariel
Published: December 2023

La pandemia mundial producida por el virus SARS-CoV-2 aun en nuestros días sigue generando una puja de poder entre los intereses del Estado, orientados a la protección de la sociedad en general, y los derechos y garantías de los individuos que la conforman. ¿Es el amparo la acción de tutela judicial efectiva frente a los avances estatales? ¿Hasta qué límite ese Estado “Leviatán” puede restringir las libertades individuales en función de un interés superior como la salud pública? ¿Acción de amparo o declaración de inconstitucionalidad?
¿Justificación sin creencia?
Authors: Gomara Juan Pablo
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo está motivado en la publicación del último libro de Jordi Ferrer Beltrán, Prueba sin convicción. Se comparte con el autor el tributar a la concepción racional de la prueba y la necesidad de contar con estándares probatorios objetivos. Sin embargo, se analizan de modo crítico las consideraciones que de allí deriva en cuanto al deber de motivar en cabeza del juez y la imposibilidad de control en el sistema de juicios por jurados. Por el contrario, se concluye que la necesidad de un estándar objetivo resulta compatible con el veredicto inmotivado del jurado y la posibilidad de control.
Mechanical properties of polypyrrole/SnO2 nanocomposites and its LPG sensing application
Authors: Ahmed Md Shakeel , Parveen Ameena , Manjunath Sriram
Published: December 2023

Polypyrrole/SnO2 nanocomposites were created using in-situ polymerization techniques. The nanocomposites were described using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and their thermal properties were studied using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The DC conductivity of the samples was measured as a function of temperature from 30 ℃ to 1900 ℃, and it was observed that increasing the concentration of tin oxide particles improves conductivity due to polaron hopping and composite chain length extension. The tensile strength of PPy nanocomposites doped in PVA thin film up to 6 wt% indicates 64.2 MPa, which may be related to the homogenous distribution of PPy nanocomposite in PVA. The study reveals that because 50 wt% of the nanocomposites have the highest conductivity and sensitivity, these nanocomposites may be useful in future applications.
Agro-Producción Inteligente: Nuevo paradigma tecnológico en la actividad agropecuaria
Authors: Di Leo Néstor
Published: December 2023

No es novedad que la humanidad asienta sus bases sobre un planeta que posee recursos natura- les de naturaleza finita. La producción agrícola y pecuaria, es hoy la base del sostenimiento del sistema alimentario (también provee fibras y bioenergía) e involucra complejas cadenas en las que los actores que intervienen desde sus diferentes roles hacen que el sistema en general sea dinámico, eficiente y rentable, aunque no siempre ambientalmente sostenible. Los agro-sistemas actuales producen graves y crecientes impactos ambientales, entre los cuales se puede enumerar a la deforestación, la desertificación, la destrucción del suelo fértil, la alteración de diversos ciclos biogeoquímicos, la difusión de tóxicos biosidas en el ambiente, la sobreexplotación y contami- nación de aguas superficiales y subterráneas, la eutrofización de lagos y mares, el despilfarro de energía y la pérdida de biodiversidad (Goodland, 1997). Con una población mundial en cons- tante aumento (50% de aumento en los próximos 35 años), y con incrementos en los consumos per cápita significativos, se estima que los agroecosistemas deberán duplicar su producción por unidad de área hacia el año 2050. Alcanzar esta meta con sustentabilidad económica, social y ambiental implica un desafío importante y la tecnología de avanzada es absolutamente necesaria para poder lograrlo. Ésta se puede dividir en distintos ámbitos, aunque en el desempeño real implica un todo integrado en pos de alcanzar las soluciones necesarias.
Cambios en el ecosistema de los medios de comunicación
Authors: Tascón Mario
Published: December 2023

Los medios comprendieron, al igual que cualquier industria, que los cambios necesarios por el surgimiento de nuevas tecnologías llevan a la innovación y al mejoramiento de servicios y productos. Los medios de comunicación descubrieron, cuando su líder The New York Times supo que su enemigo principal ya no era The Washington Post sino uno nuevo de nombre raro: Twitter.

Twitter es un gimnasio para la escritura. Para un periodista, Twitter es muy afín. Rápidamente encuentra que es una máquina titiladora perfecta. Velozmente encuentra la recompensa de los lectores, que si es un buen titular lo retuitean o lo hacen favorito”. Para conocer la agenda de cada día me sirve más Twitter que las portadas de los periódicos. Redes como Twitter nos han arrebatado nuestros propios conceptos de periodismo, como el de jerarquía noticiosa
Changes of noradrenaline in brain homogenate of rats with brain injury secondary to intracerebral hemorrhage: a study of the mechanism
Authors:   Third Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China, Xu Zhi-Qiang , Zhou Hua-Dong , Jiang Xiao-Jiang , Wang Jing-Zhou , Chen Man-E
Published: December 2023

AIM: To observe the changes of noradrenaline (NE) content dynamically in the homogenate of rat brain tissues during experimental intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH), so as to understand the role of NE in secondary brain injury. METHODS: Seventy Wistar rats were randomly assigned into sham operation group and ICH group, each group subdivided into different time phase points as pre-operation, 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h post-operation groups (n=5). ICH model was established by injection of collagenase and heparin into rat caudate nucleus, and the changes of NE content in the peripheral tissues of the hematoma, hypothalamus and brainstem were observed respectively at following time points as before operation and 0.5, 6, 12, 48 and 72 h after the operation. NE was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS: NE activities in the peripheral tissues of the hematoma, hypothalamus and brainstem increased synchronously 0.5 h after operation, peaked at 24 h, and then began to decline at 48 h. At the same time ,the neurobehavioral score varied synchronously together with NE. CONCLUSION: NE is involved in the pathogenesis of secondary damage of the brain during ICH.
Enhanced Enzymatic Activity of Yeast-like Fungi Responsible for Onychomycosis in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Medicine, Wrocław, Poland, Szepietowski Jacek C , Węgłowska Jolanta ,   Department of Dermatology, Regional Hospital, Wrocław, Poland, Reich Adam , Walow Bronisława ,   Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Medicine, Wrocław, Poland
Published: December 2023

Background: Renal transplant recipients (RTR) are regarded as a group especially predisposed to onychomycosis. The exact mechanism of increased frequency of onychomycosis in RTR is however not fully understood. Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate activity of hydrolitic enzymes of fungi most commonly causing fungal nail infections in RTR and to compare it with enzymatic activity of the same fungi isolated from lesional nails in immunocompetent patients. Material and methods: 28 strains of yeast-like fungi cultured from lesional nails in RTR and 25 strains of yeasts isolated from changed nails in immunocompetent patients were included into the study. All fungi were identified on the basis of routine mycological procedures. Activity of 19 hydrolytic enzymes was assessed by API ZYMÒ test (bioMerieux). Results: Fungi cultured from RTR showed activity of 16 out of 19 enzymes, whereas fungi isolated from immunocompetent patients only 11 out of 19 enzymes. Moreover, yeast-like fungi isolated from RTR showed higher generally higher activity of detected enzymes compared to yeast strains obtained from the lesional nails of immunocompetent patients. Conclusions: This study shows for the first time enhanced enzymatic activity of yeast-like fungi isolated from lesional nails in RTR in comparison to fungi cultured from changed nails in immunocompetent patients. It is hypothesized that this enhanced enzymatic activity may be responsible for higher incidence of onychomycosis in RTR.
Suppressive Effects of Intrathecal Application of Diazepam on Visceral Pain and Hyperalgesia Induced by Intracolonic Instillation of Formalin
Authors:   Center of Teaching Lab, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China, Liu Libing , Huang Jinghui , Deng Jiao ,   Cadet Brigade Squadron Twelve, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China, Zhou Yumei , Yu Jun ,   Center of Teaching Lab, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
Published: December 2023

Using an animal model of colonic inflammation, the effects of intrathecal (i.t.) diazepam (0.02mg/kg, 0.08mg/kg and 0.15mg/kg) on visceral pain-related behaviors and hyperalgesia associated with colonic inflammation were investigated. In this visceral pain model, acute visceral pain response was induced by intracolonic (i.c.) injection of 0.5 ml of dilute formalin (2%, 5% and 10%) in rats, and the peak pain behavioral response and hyperalgesia were evoked by i.c. 5% formalin. I.t. diazepam (0.02mg/kg, 0.08mg/kg and 0.15mg/kg) followed 10 min later by i.c. injection of 5% formalin, attenuated the visceral pain behaviors induced by 5% formalin in a dose dependent manner. Of the three doses tested, the duration of the suppressive effect of 0.15mg/kg diazepam on visceral pain was the longest, which is 60 min compared with 45 min at other two doses. Moreover, i.t. pretreatment with 0.08mg/kg diazepam attenuated the hyperalgesia induced by i.c. injection of 5% formalin. The findings in our studies shown that i.t. diazepam had a suppressive effect on visceral pain associated with noxious stimulation of colon, and provided evidence that diazepam may be used as an analgesic drug in the future.
Alois Alzheimer: a hundred years after the discovery of the eponymous disorder
Authors:   Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche - CNR, Mangone (Cosenza), Italia, Tagarelli Antonio , Piro Anna
Published: December 2023

The familiar term "Alzheimer's disease" was coined by Emil Kraepelin to honour his pupil, Alois Alzheimer. However, little is known about the life of the man after whom this important and well-known disease was termed. On the centennial of the discovery of Alzheimer's disease, it is appropriate to report some aspects of the life and scientific work of Alois Alzheimer. The authors contacted all the libraries of the Universities where Alzheimer studied and/or worked to receive any original material regarding Alois Alzheimer. This review is based for a most part on an original biography written by Konrad and Urlike Maurer after the interviews to Alzheimer's nieces, Hildegard Koeppen, Ilse Lieblein, Barbel Lippert, Karin Weiβ, and his nephew, Rupert Finsterwalder. The authors obtained this biography from the Central Library of Medicine in Koeln.
Immunoassay Methods and their Applications in Pharmaceutical Analysis: Basic Methodology and Recent Advances
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt, Darwish Ibrahim A.
Published: December 2023

Immunoassays are bioanalytical methods in which the quantitation of the analyte depends on the reaction of an antigen (analyte) and an antibody. Immunoassays have been widely used in many important areas of pharmaceutical analysis such as diagnosis of diseases, therapeutic drug monitoring, clinical pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies in drug discovery and pharmaceutical industries. The importance and widespread of immunoassay methods in pharmaceutical analysis are attributed to their inherent specificity, high-throughput, and high sensitivity for the analysis of wide range of analytes in biological samples. Recently, marked improvements were achieved in the field of immunoassay development for the purposes of pharmaceutical analysis. These improvements involved the preparation of the unique immunoanalytical reagents, analysis of new categories of compounds, methodology, and instrumentation. The basic methodologies and recent advances in immunoassay methods applied in different fields of pharmaceutical analysis have been reviewed.
Expression, Purification and Characterization of a Recombinant Plasmodium Vivax Thrombospondin Related Adhesive Protein (PvTRAP)
Authors:   Monash University, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria 3800, Australia, Ogunbanwo Jamiu A. , Pendyala Prakash Rao , Malhotra Pawan , Chauhan Virander S.
Published: December 2023

Thrombospondin Related Adhesive Protein (TRAP) is a transmembrane parasite molecule responsible in sporozoite-host interactions. This molecule is one of the most promising vaccine candidates against the pre-erythrocytic forms of malaria. In the present study, a gene encoding the Plasmodium vivax TRAP (PvTRAP) was expressed in Escherichia coli (M15 strain) using the expression plasmid pQE30. The expressed recombinant protein PvTRAP of about 70kDa was achieved, purified and refolded according to the standardized refolding procedure. This refolded protein (PvTRAP) showed a single band monomeric form with SDS-PAGE and blot analysis. In reduced and alkylated form, PvTRAP showed less binding to hepatoma (HepG2) liver cells, when compared to the normal purified and refolded form. Purified and refolded recombinant PvTRAP bound Duffy-positive human erythrocytes, while no binding was observed with Duffy-negative erythrocytes. Our report on PvTRAP is currently documented for the first time and it has been able to provide an experimental evidence of the biochemical and binding properties of PvTRAP in the invasion of hepatocytes and interaction with Duffy-positive and Duffy-negative human erythrocytes. In conclusion, our findings have been able to demonstrate the potential of PvTRAP as a promising target for vivax malaria vaccine candidate.
Effects of Hypoxia on Nitric Oxide (NO) in Skin Gas and Exhaled Air
Authors:   Department of Life and Materials Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan, Ohkuwa Tetsuo , Mizuno Tatsuo , Kato Yuji , Nose Kazutoshi , Itoh Hiroshi , Tsuda Takao
Published: December 2023

This study confirmed the effects of hypoxia on nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in skin gas and exhaled air. NO concentrations in skin gas and exhaled air were measured by a chemiluminescence analyzer. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) of the right forefinger was determined using an oxygen saturation monitor. The M±SEM of NO concentrations in skin gas at 20.93% (control), 15.1% and 14.8% oxygen concentrations were 23.7±3.6, 32.3±4.7 and 36.2±5.2 ppb, respectively. M±SEM of NO concentrations in exhaled air at 20.93% (control), 15.1%, and 14.8% were 25.0±5.1, 35.01±5.6 and 44.9±7.2 ppb, respectively. There was no significant difference in NO concentration at the absolute value of skin gas and exhaled air between normoxia and hypoxia. But significant increase was found at relative changes in skin gas at 15.1% (p<0.01) and 14.8% (p<0.01) oxygen content compared with control. Significant increase was also found at relative changes in exhaled air at 15.1% (p<0.01) and 14.8% (p<0.01) oxygen content compared with control. In conclusion, we confirmed that exposure to hypoxia elicits an increase in NO concentrations at relative changes of skin gas and exhaled air compared to normoxia.
Cervical Cancer Screening for the Reluctant - HPV Testing of Air-Dried Vaginal Discharge
Authors:   Departments of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, Tong Tommy R.
Published: December 2023

Despite the availability of the PAP test, cervical cancer continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Many women default cervical cytology for a variety of reasons. This demands the development of alternative screening strategies, such as HPV testing on self-procured cervical-vaginal specimens in order to capture this group of women. We investigated the self-procured air-dried vaginal discharge for HPV testing. We recruited 82 patients with HPV-associated cervical lesions and 36 patients with normal cervical pathology. Participants were briefed and informed consents obtained. Each was then given a kit containing written instructions, a slim napkin, an empty zip-lock plastic bag for soiled napkin specimen, and a return envelope. After wearing the napkin for the day, the patient removes it, dries it, and returns the specimen by mail. Specimens were batched and a 0.5 cm area of each stained napkin was tested for HPV by PCR. Specimens from all 26 patients with high-grade (CIN 2 or above) HPV-induced cervical lesions and 4 of 36 normal subjects tested positive for HPV, giving a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 88.9%, respectively. We propose offering to women who refuse cervical cytology the alternative screening strategy of testing of self-procured air-dried vaginal discharge for HPV. This method of cervical cancer screening is also suitable for people living in remote regions of the world.
A Comparative Study of the Performance of Machine Learning Models on a Tax Dataset of Yemen to Detect Levels of Tax Evasion
Authors: Shujaaaddeen Abeer Abdullah Shuja'aaddeen , Ba-Alwi Fadl M.M.
Published: December 2023

The performance of a classification model in machine learning is affected by many factors, such as the type of machine learning technology used. Accuracy varies from method to method. This paper presents a comparison between the performance of different models in terms of the machine learning technique used (e.g. KNN, NB, SVM, DT, RF, MLP). Based on the data provided by the Tax Authority of Yemen, which is related to the commercial and industrial profits tax, which consists of 760 attributes, after the preprocessing of data. The dataset partition technique used k-fold validation. The paper shows that the e Naïve Bayes (NB) classifier gave the highest result in accuracy and other measures. Then KNN, SVM, and RF gave the same results in accuracy 99.87%, but in SVM, KNN the results were also the same in the rest measures, while in RF models the rest measures were 97.91%,99.95%, and 98.91% in Recall, Precision and F-score in order.  MLP gave 98.42 in accuracy with 66.62%, 64.21%, and 64.40 in the recall, Precision, and F-score, then DT gave 97.76% in accuracy with 57.006% ,99.24% and 72.41% in the recall, precision, and F-score.
Effect of CuAl2 on the Microstructure and Hardness of Al-Si-xCu Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Alsowidy Shakib , Humaid Olfat , Gumaan Mohammed S. , Al-Asry Belqueis
Published: December 2023

Aluminum alloys are important in many industrial applications because of their light weight and good mechanical properties. In this study, the effect of copper addition with different percentages ( 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3wt. %) on  the  microstructure  and  mechanical  strength  of Al-Si alloy were studied using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Vickers hardness (Hv) tests. XRD and SEM analyses showed that the Al-Si alloy consisted of α-Al and Si phases. The intermetallic compound (IMC) CuAl2 was detected with the addition of Cu. This IMC causes a change in the lattice constant and inter-atomic spacing (dhkl). The distortion and dense of the microstructure are considered indications of the enhancement in the hardness of alloys. The Vickers hardness (Hv) was measured for the samples before and after sintering. The highest value was 28.755 Hv with 0.2wt. % Cu after sintering, whereas the smallest value was 11.643 Hv without Cu content before sintering. This improvement in hardness is attributed to the temperature that promotes the diffusion of Cu atoms into theAl lattices.
MOOCs in Research Methodology for Universities in Ecuador
Authors: Maridueña Isabel Amarilis Leal , Barreno Leonidas Fidel Castelo , Anguisaca David Moisés Barahona , Narváez Katherine Belén Quinaluisa , Piza Fany Alejandra López , Espinoza Ana Consuelo Yovera
Published: December 2023

It is imperative that universities incorporate ICT in their teaching and learning processes because now more than ever it is a fact that we live in the "Age of the information and interaction society", where information and communication technologies play Its determining role The general objective of this work was to create an online MOOC course with an expected learning model for undergraduate and postgraduate students. This work will encourage UNEMI to overcome limits that only apply to the education of professionals through face-to-face training systems and will adopt them in the near future in mixed learning environments that open the way to new paradigms that consider principles epistemological, ontological, ethical, political and educational. The general objective of this research was to propose a massive open online course MOOC for Research Methodology. Said course was born from the investigation of Didactic Strategies to improve the attitude towards research of students of a university in the province of Guayas, Ecuador. This work contributes to massify research at the university by using ICT as a means to change traditional face-to-face learning environments into virtual learning environments. The results obtained allow us to say with all seriousness that they have been positive, managing to educate a large group of students and teachers from an Ecuadorian university.
Differential Effects Of Mother Tongue And English Language As A Medium Of Instruction On Pupil’s Numeracy SKILLS
Authors:   Faculty of Graduate Studies College of Education, Arts, and Sciences National University, Manila, S. Gaspar Angeline
Published: December 2023

This study explores the differential effects of the mother tongue and English language as mediums of instruction on pupil’s numeracy skills. The objective is to determine if there are significant differences in posttest gains between a control group taught in the mother tongue (Tagalog) and an experimental group taught in English. The researcher also aims to identify the factors and challenges faced by teachers using both languages as mediums of instruction. Using a mixed-method design, the researcher collected quantitative and qualitative data. Sixty pupils each were randomly selected for the control and experimental groups from Laiya Elementary School. Pretest and posttest scores were analyzed for the 120 Grade 3 pupils. The results revealed that the experimental group taught in English achieved significantly higher post-test results compared to the control group taught in the mother tongue. Qualitative data was obtained through interviews with Grade 3 and Grade 4 teachers, highlighting factors such as poor study habits, lack of interest and motivation, limited parental involvement, and low reading comprehension levels as barriers to improving numeracy skills. Furthermore, teachers faced challenges when using both languages, with Grade 3 teachers struggling to translate mathematical terms into the mother tongue and Grade 4 teachers finding it difficult to assess pupils’ prior knowledge due to their strong exposure to the mother tongue. Transitioning between languages, especially in the first quarter, created confusion and hesitation among pupils. Limited English vocabulary acquired during primary years further hindered understanding and comprehension. To enhance numeracy skills, teachers emphasized the need for motivation, additional activities, integration of numeracy across subjects, improved reading comprehension, parental participation, varied teaching methods, and a conducive learning environment. The study highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate language, establishing a language-rich environment, incorporating cultural relevance, and integrating language and mathematics instruction to foster deep understanding, critical thinking skills, and confidence in students as proficient mathematicians.
Comparing The Effectiveness Of Distance Learning And Onsite Learning In Pre-Medical Course
Authors:   Board of Khonkaen University Affaneirs. Khonkaen University, Thailand, Ekvitayavetchanukul Pongkit , Ekvitayavetchanukul Patraporn ,   MATH-SCIENCE eLearning Education
Published: December 2023

Distance learning has experienced a significant surge in popularity due to the increasing digitalization of education. This study explores the effectiveness of distance learning compared to on-site learning in the context of pre-medical course students (grade 12). The research investigates students from the math science class and utilizes an online questionnaire in conjunction with the final results of the Thai Professional Aptitude Test (TPAT). Crucially, the research reveals that distance learning students tend to outperform their on-site counterparts in TPAT exams, although the difference is not overwhelmingly significant. This study contributes valuable insights into the growing impact of distance learning and its potential benefits for pre-medical course students. Further research and analysis in this domain could provide educators and institutions with valuable guidelines for optimizing educational approaches in the digital era.
Micro-meteorological parameters, growth indices and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars as influenced by clipping and zinc biofortification
Authors: BALWINDER SINGH DHILLON  , HARI RAM
Published: December 2023

A study was carried out during the winter (rabi) season of 2015–16 and 2016–17 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, to assess the effect of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars (2- and 6-row) on micro-meteorological parameters, growth indices, photosynthetic parameters and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in relation to different clippings time along with Zn foliar application. The results indicated that cultivar ‘DWRUB 52’ intercepted more photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) than ‘PL 807’ and ‘PL 426’, whereas, normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) values of ‘DWRUB 52’ and PL 807 were statistically similar and significantly better than ‘PL 426’. Cultivar ‘DWRUB 52’ showed the highest absolute growth rate (AGR) and crop-growth rate (CGR), followed by ‘PL 807’ and ‘PL 426’ during both the years of study. Cultivar ‘DWRUB 52’ gave 6.0 and 18.7% higher grain yield than ‘PL 807’ and ‘PL 426’ respectively. Foliar application of Zn at anthesis and early milk stages enhanced the PAR and NDVI, AGR, CGR and RGR at 90–120 days after sowing (DAS) and at 120 DAS to maturity. Foliar application of Zn with both clippings, i.e. 50 and 60 DAS resulted in the statistically similar transpiration rates and were significantly higher than the other treatments. There was an increase of 12.6% in grain yield when clipping was done at 50 DAS with foliar application of Zn and an increase of 8.9% in grain yield when clipping was done at 60 DAS with foliar application of Zn than control crop.
Nitrogen, Rhizobium and molybdenum for higher soil bacterial population, N uptake and productivity of lentil (Lens culinaris) grown under rice (Oryza sativa)-fallow conditions
Authors: H. KALITA  , R. CHAKRABARTY  , A.S.N. ZAMAN
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17 in loamy soils of the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shillongani, Assam, to study the effect of varying doses of nitrogen, Rhizobium and molybdenum on bacterial population in soil, N uptake, yield attributes, grain yield and economics of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus spp. culinaris) grown after the harvesting of winter rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety ‘Gitesh’. Soil bacterial population increased with the increase in nitrogen doses. The crop grown using seeds inoculated with Rhizobium @ 50 g/kg seed and sodium molybdate @ 1 g/kg seed along with 100% of recommended dose (RD) of N (15 kg/ha) accrued in the highest bacterial population in the soil at harvesting. Seed inoculation with Rhizobium and sodium molybdate led to considerably higher bacterial population build up in soil than seed inoculation with Rhizobium and sodium molybdate separately. Nitrogen uptake by lentil got reduced with decreasing N doses, being 28.54 kg/ha under RD of N and 28.03 kg/ha under 75% of recommended N. The treatment combinations involving RD and 75% of RD of N (11.25 kg/ha) and seed inoculation with Rhizobium and sodium molybdate recorded 35.16 kg/ha and 34.97 kg/ha N uptake respectively. These 2 treatment combinations ultimately accrued in higher values for plant height, pods/plant, seeds/pod and 100-seed weight and significantly higher grain yield (928.90 and 868.89 kg/ha respectively) as compared to all other treatment combinations. Benefit: cost ratios under these 2 treatment combinations were 2.18 and 2.09 respectively. The treatment combinations were tested for maximizing lentil production utilizing rice-fallows and farmers’ acceptability in farmers’ fields during rabi 2017–18 through 3 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK) in Upper Brahmaputra Valley (UBV) in Jorhat district, Central Brahmaputra Valley (CBV) in Nagaon district and Lower Brahmaputra Valley (LBV) in Nalbari district of the state. The RD of N + seed inoculation with Rhizobium and sodium molybdate yielded the highest (5.8–8.2 q/ha) at all the locations closely followed by 75% RD of N + Rhizobium + sodium molybdate (5.93–7.25 q/ha).
IMPLEMENTASI PENGELOLAAN MASJID AL-MUHAJIRIN DALAM MEMAKMURKAN MASJID
Authors: Caniago Fauzi
Published: December 2023

Implemantasi pengelolaan  dalam memakmurkan Masjid dianggap perlu diterapkan disetiap masjid karena sering kita dapati Masjid yang kurang produktif tidak bisa menjawab kebutuhan ummat dan oleh sebab itu pentingnya pengurus yang aktif, inovatif produktif agar Masjid dapat daya tarik umat untuk beribadah mendekatkan diri kepada Allah Swt. Masjid adalah tempat suci umat Islam yang berfungsi sebagai tempat ibadah, pusat kegiatan keagamaan, dan kemasyarakatan dikembangkan secara teratur dan terencana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk meneliti keadaan yang sedang berlangsung atau alamiah pada saat berhubungan dengan masjid. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa: 1. Implementasi pengelolaan masjid Al-Muhajirin dibidang Idarah  belum berjalan dengan baik dimana pengurus masjid jarang sekali  melakukan rapat, padahal itu penting sekali agar terjalin komunikasi yang baik antar pengurus sehingga kegiatan dapat berjalan sesuai  dengan harapan,2. Implementasi Pengelolaan Masjid Al-Muhajirin dalam bidang Imarah belum berjalan dengan maksimal  diantaranya program kegiatan hanya menyentuh  perencanaan  jangka pendek saja, sedangkan kegiatan perencanaan dalam jangka panjang tidak ada perencanaan matang yang dibuat oleh pengurus,3. Implementasi Pengelolaan Masjid Al-Muhajirin dalam bidang Ri’ayah belum berjalan dengan baik dimana fasilitas masjid kotor tidak terurus dengan baik. Manajemen Masjid yang baik tentu perlunya Implementasi Manajemen yang akurat sehingga Masjid menjadi makmur