bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivación y satisfacción de los turistas que visitan el desierto de la Tatacoa – Colombia
Authors: Andrade Navia Juan Manuel , Sánchez Liévano Juan José , Ramírez Plazas Elías
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo establece la relación de influencia entre la motivación y satisfacción de los visitantes del desierto de la Tatacoa en la región Surcolombiana. La investigación fue de corte cuantitativa, con un abordaje desde el método deductivo y de tipo descriptiva. Así, se elaboró una encuesta con preguntas tipo Likert compuesta por nueve dimensiones para motivación y seis dimensiones para satisfacción. La confiabilidad del modelo se midió con el alfa de Cronbach y la validez con el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, los dos obtuvieron niveles aceptables. La evaluación del modelo hipotetizado se realizó mediante ecuaciones estructurales. El modelo obtenido evidenció una relación positiva y significativa entre motivación y satisfacción (0.751; p < 0.00) denotando que, a mayor nivel de motivación, mayor será el nivel de satisfacción de los turistas, nacionales y extranjeros. De otra parte, sobresalen las correlaciones en las dimensiones de motivación de Descanso (D) (0,848; p < 0,00), Conocimiento (C) (0,786; p < 0,00), Acceso e Infraestructura (A-I) (0,829; p < 0,00) y Atractivos locales (A) (0,787; p < 0,00), mientras para la satisfacción fueron Economía (Ec) (0,811; p < 0,00) e Infraestructura (In) (0,797; p < 0,00).
ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ZAKAT PROGRAM AT INSTITUTIONS NATIONAL ZAKAT AMIL AGENCY JAKARTA
Authors: Kartika Rini Fatma , Idrus Ali , Gündüzöz Güldane
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out how the programs conducted by BAZNAS in the Zakat Community Development Division are used to develop the community. This research focuses on the impact the beneficiary community receives through Zakat Community Development (ZCD). Zakat is an act of worship that all Muslims must do. This research was conducted at the Office of the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS), which is the only official body established by the government based on Presidential Decree No. 8 of 2001, has the task and function of collecting and distributing Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah (ZIS) at the national level. This research is qualitative. The primary data source is the Head of BAZNAS. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques with data collection, presentation, reduction, and conclusions. Based on the analysis results through interviews and observations made during the research, it can be concluded that the management of the environmental development program has been running by the program's objectives, namely reducing the poverty rate by an average of 3% each year.
WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT THROUGH WASTE RECYCLING AS AN IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN ECONOMY AT CV. WITAMA PLASTINDO
Authors: Winih Titik Sri , Wahyudi Amin , Marpuah Siti
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of women's empowerment through waste recycling as a form of the implementation of going green economy in Ponorogo. The waste problem has become a universal phenomenon in various parts of the world. Empowering women through waste recycling is an effort to improve the community's economy, especially women. The research method here is field research with a qualitative approach. In obtaining information, researchers use primary data sources as well as secondary data sources. Primary data is obtained from interviews, Observation, and documentation, while secondary data is obtained from books, articles, and journals that support it. Interviews in this study were conducted with woven bag business owners, as well as women who participated in empowerment programs. The results showed that the process of empowering women through waste recycling went quite well. The women were given training and also assistance on how to make woven bags. In the implementation of this empowerment carried out by CV Witama Plastindo which was then facilitated by the industry and social services. The targets here are women who work as farmers. The impact of the implementation of this empowerment is that they in terms of income have increased even though they are still far from the UMR.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION IN CREATING HOUSEHOLD HARMONY IN ACEH BARAT DISTRICT
Authors: AR Baharuddin , Nurainiah Nurainiah
Published: July 2024

Family harmony is a state where family members are united, each member fulfills their rights and obligations, affection is fostered, and mutual understanding, dialogue, and cooperation are well established, resulting in physical and spiritual well-being. This study aims to understand communication patterns in creating a harmonious household, analyze communication aspects influencing household harmony, and identify obstacles in creating a harmonious household. This research uses qualitative methods, where the researcher comprehensively examines the facts in the field according to the focus of the problem. The data obtained is then analyzed, presented, and discussed. Accurate and reliable data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results of the study indicate that (1) communication patterns that can create household harmony include interpersonal communication, mutual trust and understanding, direct communication, and gentle communication; (2) communication aspects affecting household harmony include communication patterns and adjustments, the busyness of both spouses, financial issues, poor parenting, and lack of mutual trust. On the other hand, poor and ineffective communication results in household disharmony, as communication within the household is the main element for expressing all household life issues, and everything must be communicated openly and transparently. (3) obstacles to creating a harmonious household include poor communication, family aspects, economic aspects, infidelity, and lack of cooperation in nurturing, caring for, and guiding children. The responsibility for children is entirely handed over to the wife. At the same time, the husband only focuses on earning a living, thinking he must provide financially without assisting with household affairs. However, in maintaining a household, cooperation in all matters is essential.
The redomicilation of Russian companies in the context of ensuring the economic security of business and the state
Authors: Анастасия Павловна Орлова ,   Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия, Игорь Александрович Лебедев , Надежда Валерьевна Капустина ,   Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия,   Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия
Published: July 2024

Preserving and maintaining economic security is the most important task of any state. This is especially true for the modern Russian economy, which is currently undergoing significant transformation. The Russian Federation is concentrating its efforts on strengthening its economic sovereignty and increas-ing the country's attractiveness for foreign business. In view of this, much attention was paid to the development of special administrative regions in order to return capital flowing to foreign offshore companies to Russian jurisdiction, as well as to create a favorable environment for the return and reregistration of quasi-Russian companies. The article analyzes the results of the implementation of the trend towards redomiciliation of Russian companies, and also provides an assessment of the effectiveness of the re-registration carried out using the example of a business entity.
Digital educational services as learning management systems in the field of professional education
Authors: Светлана Владиславовна Петрова ,   Сочинский государственный университет, Сочи, Россия, Анна Олеговна Балабанова ,   Сочинский государственный университет, Сочи, Россия
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes educational services, highlights current trends in educational services and the main directions of digital systems in the field of education. The types of educational process management systems are considered. The article analyzes the supply of educational systems on the Russian market, as well as programs included in the Unified Register of Russian Software, and examines the structure of educational systems in two areas: systems for organizing online courses and systems for corporate training, as part of the personnel system. Based on the analysis of these products, the main proposed tools of digital educational services in the field of professional education offered on the Russian market are identified.
Structural metamorphoses of political processes on the threshold of the post-capitalist era: new actors, interactions and phenomena
Authors: Давид Армикович Айрапетян ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: July 2024

The author of the study addresses the peculiarities of structural changes in political processes in the context of an interformational transition caused by the crisis of objective capitalist production relations. Based on the analysis of the dynamic model of the political process by G. Almond and J. The author concludes that modern political and economic transformations no longer allow us to effectively describe the structure of the political process from the point of view of established theoretical models built in the era of stable economic growth. Changes in the actor-resource base of political processes, generating new actors and modernizing the resource base of political interactions, are explained by the transition to network and horizontal management formats that destroy capitalist verticals and hierarchies. The author identifies new types of political actors and resources, and also attempts to describe the trends of their interaction through the prism of economic and technological transformations. In addition, it is suggested that it is more logical to study the structure of the political process in modern conditions from the point of view of actor-network theory, focused on the description of "assemblies" that take into account the multifactorial and chaotic nature of politics.
The US digital hegemony: characteristics, objectives and implications
Authors: Сюаньцзя Лю ,   Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, Москва, Россия, Гуаня Сунь ,   Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, Москва, Россия
Published: July 2024

The article analyses the characteristics, goals and consequences of the US digital hegemony. The article argues that this hegemony has allowed the United States to maintain global leadership in innovation and to use its dominant position in cyberspace to unilaterally influence other countries. As a result of US digital hegemony, the rules of global data governance have become fragmented and issues such as cybersecurity, cross-border data flows and digital sovereignty have attracted widespread international attention. The "game" between the US and China around digital governance issues has escalated and is reflected in geopolitical and economic dimensions, influencing the shaping of global digital governance. The article argues that it is necessary to promote a more democratic and inclusive global digital order, mitigate the effects of unilateral rulemaking by the US and other countries, and promote the balanced development of the global digital economy.
Conhecimento do profissional de enfermagem da atenção primária à saúde acerca do comportamento suicida
Authors: Dias Ernandes Gonçalves , Almeida Samara Soares de , Rocha Milene Oliveira , Campos Lyliane Martins , Caldeira Maiza Barbosa
Published: July 2024

The objective was to investigate the knowledge and practices of nursing professionals in Primary Health Care in a city in the north of Minas Gerais, in coping with suicidal behavior. This is a descriptive, qualitative study, carried out with nine professionals. Data was collected between August and September 2023 from a semi-structured interview and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. The study revealed gaps in academic training in relation to suicidal behavior and the possibility of carrying out training. In professional practice, it was recognized that it was important to establish a bond with users, welcome them with empathy, support and work in a multidisciplinary team. That said, the need for training professionals is highlighted, as with the development of knowledge it may be possible to identify early signs of an increased risk of suicide and act in advance.
Metode Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) Dan Software Blocplan 90 : dalam Upaya Pengurangan Jarak Material Handling pada CV Egajaya
Authors: Wiati Ni Made , Erliana Ken , Rofieq Mochammad , Prayogi Muhamad Dimas , Fauzy Muchammad Riza
Published: July 2024

CV Egajaya yang berlokasi di Desa Sutojayan RT.07 RW.03 kecamatan Pakisaji kabupaten Malang adalah sebuah industri yang melayani jasa percetakan. Produk-produk yang dihasilkan adalah: brosur, kop surat, amplop, kartu nama, faktur, surat jalan, kwitansi, map, buku, majalah, , ID Card, banner, perlengkapan administrasi dan promosi lainnya. Kondisi saat ini pada CV Egajaya adalah tata letak antar stasiun kerja belum  berurutan sesuai aliran proses dan jarak beberapa stasiun kerja berjauhan. Hal ini menyebabkan besarnya jarak material handling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang layout usulan yang mempunyai jarak material handling lebih kecil. Dengan menggunakan metode Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) dan Software BLOCPLAN 90 diperoleh layout  usulan dengan jarak perpindahan material 82,05 meter. Dibandingkan dengan tata letak awal yang mempunyai jarak material handling 104,94 meter, maka terdapat pengurangan sebesar 22,89 meter atau 21,81%.
Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Mie Kuning melalui Pendekatan Statistical Quality Control (SQC) dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA): Studi Kasus di Industri Mie Kuning di Kota Padang
Authors: Purba Ari Pranata Primisa , Sitorus Tosty Maylangi , Wirakusuma Kadex Widhy
Published: July 2024

Diidentifikasi kecacatan pada produk salah satu industri mie kuning di Kota Padang, seperti mie hancur/patah, tekstur kurang keras, dan warna pucat. Perusahaan menetapkan toleransi 4% untuk produk cacat, namun praktiknya melebihi toleransi dengan rata-rata 4,10%. Diidentifikasi akar penyebab permasalahan kecacatan yang terjadi pada produk serta diberikan solusi untuk mengurangi kecacatan produk dengan menggunakan metode Statictical Quality Control (SQC) diintegrasikan dengan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan metode 5W+1H (What, Where, Why, Who, When, How). Perhitungan metode SQC menunjukkan kecacatan prioritas yaitu, mie hancur/patah (44,3%) dan tekstur mie kurang keras (37,9%) dengan persentase kumulatif (82,2%) memenuhi aturan 80/20 pareto. Prioritas perbaikan penyebab kecacatan berdasarkan nilai RPN pada FMEA pada cacat mie hancur/patah adalah campuran adonan terlalu pera/kering (240), operator tidak teliti dalam pengirisan lembaran adonan menjadi untaian mie menggunakan slitter yang terletak pada roller press (168) dan roll slitter yang kurang tajam (140). Pada cacat tekstur mie kurang keras prioritas perbaikan yang perlu dilakukan adalah kesalahan mengatur temperatur mixer saat membuat adonan mie (192), umur tepung terigu yang digunakan terlalu muda (144) dan suhu mesin oven yang tidak stabil (126). Metode 5W+1H menghasilkan usulan langkah perbaikan, mencakup apa usulan dan alasan perbaikan, pelaksana, waktu, tempat dan langkah-langkah perbaikan yang dilakukan.
Emisión de brotes y relación con clima en pitahaya (Selenicereus costaricensis; Cactaceae)
Authors: Monge-Pérez José Eladio , Loría-Coto Michelle
Published: July 2024

Introducción: Para la producción de frutales, es importante conocer la relación entre las variables climáticas y la fenología del cultivo.  Hay pocos estudios sobre este tema en el cultivo de pitahaya en Costa Rica. Objetivo: Evaluar el tipo de relación entre la emisión de brotes en el cultivo de pitahaya cv. San Ignacio y el clima. Métodos: Realizamos la investigación entre los años 2017 al 2019.  Evaluamos las siguientes variables:  número de brotes vegetativos (NBV), número de brotes reproductivos (NBR), temperatura promedio (Tp), mínima (Tmín) y máxima (Tmáx); humedad relativa (HR) y precipitación pluvial (P). Calculamos las correlaciones de Spearman entre variables. Resultados: No encontramos correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el NBV y las demás variables analizadas. Por otro lado, observamos una correlación positiva significativa entre el NBR y las variables de temperatura mínima (r=0,52**), precipitación (r=0,36*) y humedad relativa (r=0,33*).  Estos resultados indican que a medida que aumentan la precipitación, la humedad relativa y la temperatura mínima, también aumenta la cantidad de brotes reproductivos. Identificamos adicionalmente correlaciones entre NBV, NBR y las variables climáticas durante los meses previos a la brotación. Conclusión: No se observó un patrón definido en la emisión de brotes vegetativos, mientras que la emisión de brotes reproductivos ocurrió principalmente durante las fases inicial y media de la temporada de lluvias.  Además, se observó que generalmente, durante la emisión de brotes reproductivos, se producían pocos o ningún brote vegetativo.
Narrativas decoloniais
Authors: Mendes Irislane , Amorim Wellington
Published: July 2024

O surgimento de novas tecnologias impulsionou uma significativa expansão na produção audiovisual, permitindo a criação de novos cinemas por aqueles que emanam suas vozes a partir do próprio local de vivência. Os coletivos audiovisuais se destacam por oferecer uma perspectiva renovada sobre a comunidade, um elemento intrínseco à prática cinematográfica. Estes compartilham, de maneira horizontal, responsabilidades e participações de forma colaborativa. Nesse cenário, a coletiva Maloka Filmes, atuante na Zona Sul de São Paulo, busca ativamente acesso a recursos de financiamento, oportunidades de exibição e distribuição. Tais acessos são condições essenciais para a concretização de um cinema mais democrático, que vislumbra um futuro mais heterogêneo, negro, LGBTQI+, periférico e maloqueiro.
Professionally oriented laboratory practicum in physics for engineering students
Authors: Savytska Inna , Bulgakova Oksana , Zbaravska Lesya , Torchuk Mykhailo , Rucins Adolfs
Published: July 2024

The subject of studying physics at higher school, in addition to the system of ideas about the physical picture of the world, is the methods of scientific knowledge, its general structure and components. This study is devoted to the problem of organizing and conducting professionally oriented laboratory work in physics for training the future agricultural engineers. One of the ways how to implement the requirements of modern society for the quality of fundamental education is the professional orientation of the physics teaching. Physics is the basic foundation for the study of professional training disciplines at higher education institutions. In the system of physics education, a teaching experiment plays an important role for the development of skills of applying theoretical knowledge to practical activities. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to the educational experiment in physics in the system of the students’ professional training. This is what determined the main goal of our research: to theoretically substantiate and develop a methodology for the formation of professionally oriented experimental skills of the future agricultural engineers in the process of performing laboratory work in physics under the conditions of integration of fundamental and professional training. A methodology has been developed for teaching physics to the students of educational institutions that would correspond to the professional direction of the laboratory work of the discipline and would be based on the unity of the fundamental and applied components of the discipline “Physics” at higher education institutions. There was experimentally studied the efficiency of the developed methodology for studying physics in terms of organizing the laboratory work with a professional direction. It has been proved that the professional orientation of physics training changes the student’s attitude towards theoretical training, helps him to identify the dependence of the theoretical issues of the course upon his future professional activity, his formation as a specialist.
Implementation of professional orientation of theoretical training in physics for students of engineering and pedagogical specialties
Authors: Savytska Inna , Bulgakova Oksana , Zbaravska Lesya , Rucins Adolfs , Torchuk Mykhailo , Podobied Olena
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching physics at a specialized educational institution. Fundamental training and specialization as directions for restructuring higher agrarian and technical education are due to the fact that most of the engineering education program is quite general in nature and does not provide a sufficiently deep basis for the acquisition of competence; therefore, a need arose to strengthen the fundamental and professional orientation of training, taking into account specialization. The purpose of the article is to describe methodological techniques in order to highlight the importance of studying specific issues of physics for further mastery of specialized and applied disciplines by the engineer-teachers, as well as in their future professional activities. To achieve the goals of the research, the following research methods were used: the theoretical (comparative analysis of scientific, methodological and pedagogical literature) and the empirical (observation, analysis, survey of respondents, generalization and modelling of the research results, generalization of the pedagogical learning experience). To select and understand the results of the experiment, a survey was conducted among applicants for higher education in order to clarify understanding of the importance of studying physics for the future professional activities. It has been demonstrated that the professional orientation of teaching physics is the leading factor in the fundamental and professional training of the future specialists in engineering and pedagogical specialties. There is described a proven methodology for the implementation of professional training in physics. It has been proved that the efficiency of studying physics in an educational institution is directly related to compliance with the principle of continuity in the study of physics with the future professional activity.
Physical tasks and their functions in training future specialists in agricultural and technical industry
Authors: Bulgakova Oksana , Savytska Inna , Zbaravska Lesya , Rucins Adolfs
Published: July 2024

Today in Ukraine there is an unfavorable situation with the staffing of the agricultural sector with qualified specialists, capable of doing successful professional activities. This article is devoted to the problem how to implement a model for teaching physics to the students, based on the use of a system of professionally oriented tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the formation of professionally oriented tasks as a mechanism for the implementation of a systematic approach to learning that does not involve passive acquisition of knowledge in physics but the development of the students’ abilities to master rational techniques and methods of mental activity. This work uses theoretical research methods: study and analysis of psychological, pedagogical, normative and special literature on the research problem; analysis of the state educational standards, programs, teaching aids and teaching materials. It has been empirically proved that the efficiency of using professionally oriented tasks in order to improve the quality of the students’ knowledge in teaching physics is ensured by a set of didactic conditions. Statistical study and interpretation of the results of the pedagogical experiment allows us to draw the following conclusions: after using the developed methodology, there is a significant difference between the levels of quality of knowledge of the experimental groups and the reference (control) groups. If in the reference (control) groups the sufficient and high level of educational achievements of higher education applicants increased by 12 and 3%, respectively, then in the experimental groups the growth of this indicator is much higher - 17 and 6%, which confirms the efficiency of the proposed methodological model of teaching physics, based on the use of a system of professionally oriented tasks.
Effective project management practices in construction industry: quantitative study
Authors: Jaymin-Sanchaniya Rashmi , Thomson Dany , Kundzina Antra , Geipele Ineta
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the crucial elements of project management influencing the outcomes of construction projects, focusing on risk management, stakeholder management, and people management. It underscores the importance of meticulous risk management indicators in gauging risk and designing strategic plans at the project and organisational levels. Furthermore, the study illuminates how adept project management factors, including stakeholder and people management, contribute to minimising delays, controlling costs, and increasing construction quality. The critical role of people management is highlighted in addressing the scarcity of skilled labour, thus increasing productivity and safety. Due to the large number of stakeholders and the need to identify and reduce potential risks, the research also emphasises the importance of stakeholder and risk management practices in construction projects. In this study, a quantitative method was employed. The quantitative data comprises the statistical analysis of the construction industry using graphically presented data from the analysis of the inferential statistics (mean, frequencies) of the data set obtained from survey of project managers. The study concludes with recommendations to improve project management procedures and project outcomes in construction projects, focussing on formulating stakeholder management plans, fostering open communication, nurturing relationships with stakeholders, employing stakeholder engagement tools and imparting effective stakeholder management techniques to the project team. These insights provide actionable guidance to enhance the success of construction projects in the market. The findings indicate a notable gender imbalance among project managers and highlight the importance of effective conflict management and incentives in fostering a productive environment. Stakeholder communication emerged as paramount, while risk management was identified as the most critical component for successful project outcomes. Furthermore, a negative correlation between stakeholder management and project output suggests the need for balanced strategies to mitigate adverse impacts on project efficiency. This study underscores the significance of proactive risk management and strategic stakeholder engagement in navigating the complexities of construction projects.
Simulation research on properties of spherical manure granules
Authors: Bivainis Vaidas , Jotautiene Egle , Mieldazys Ramunas , Juodisius Grazvydas
Published: July 2024

To increase the effectiveness of fertilizers, fertilization technologies are constantly being improved, the quality of fertilizers is improved, and optimal application rates are selected. To protect the soil and the surrounding environment, even organic fertilizers must be spread on the soil following agro-technical requirements. The uniform distribution of organic granular fertilizers in the soil is complicated due to their different physical-mechanical properties and the shape of the granules, compared to mineral fertilizers. Experimental studies are constantly being conducted to determine the properties of granular organic manure fertilizers, but these studies are time-consuming and some require special, expensive equipment. Modern engineering modelling programs simulate the properties of granular fertilizers and allow significantly expand the limits of experiments. The simulation of their properties can be done faster, and the results are sufficiently accurate, having an experimentally verified digital model of organic fertilizers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of properties of spherical granular organic fertilizers in poultry manure spreading using the discrete element Altair EDEM simulation program. Simulation studies were carried out on spherical organic fertilizer bulk density, static and dynamic collapse angles, and static and dynamic friction coefficients of granules. The obtained results showed that the bulk density of the sphere-shaped organic manure granules was higher, the angles of collapse and the pile were slightly smaller and the coefficients of friction were higher, compared to the cylindrical organic fertilizers made from the same manure. These properties have the greatest effect on the uniform spreading of these fertilizers when using centrifugal fertilizer spreaders, so when using spherical fertilizers, they are spread more evenly when spreading sufficiently high rates of fertilizer.
Study on properties of zirconia reinforced refractory matrix composites
Authors: Rucki Miroslaw , Hevorkian Edvin , Ratov Boranbay , Mechnik Volodymyr
Published: July 2024

The research was performed in the context of examinations of refractory matrix composite feasibility for such applications as plow blades or mining drill bits. In the experiments, the WC matrix was used with Co binder, and zirconia played the role of the particulate filler. ZrO2 is known and appreciated for its wear resistance, high fracture toughness, and high hardness. It forms the tetragonal metastable phase t-ZrO2 and the termodynamically stable monoclinic phase m-ZrO2. The WC–Co–ZrO2 composite samples were made of the powders using an innovative, energy-saving, field activated vacuum hot-pressing unit. The alternating current passing through the graphite mold and the sample was the sole heat source, providing high heating rates up to 300 °C/min and a relatively short sintering time of several minutes. As a result, nanoscale features were preserved in the composite structure ensuring high hardness and wear resistance. In particular, during microindentation, the work of elastic deformation was We = 0.162 μJ, while the work of plastic deformation was Wp = 0.484 μJ, which showed that the elastic part of indentation work was ηIT = 26.58%. This can be explained by transformation toughening phenomena, which take place when tetragonal zirconia t-ZrO2 transforms to the monoclinic phase m-ZrO2, which is accompanied by the changes of the specific volume. This, in turn, generates compressive mechanical stresses suppressing crack propagation, improving elasticity of the composite. At the next stage of the investigations, it is planned to perform tribological tests.
Kinetic study on microwave pre-treated biomass combustion, heat production and emission composition
Authors: Valdmanis Raimonds , Zake Maija
Published: July 2024

To promote more efficient use of local renewable energy resources for heat production, an original pilot device has been created with a maximum heat power of 20 kW for combustion of different origin biomass pellets (forestry and agriculture residues). For the improvement of the processes developing downstream of the device, the preliminary heating of biomass pellets by microwaves (MW) was carried out using the batch-size MW (2, 45 GHz) reactor. From the results of preliminary studies, it follows that MW pretreatment of biomass pellets enhances biomass drying and thermal decomposition and structural changes of biomass pellets, increasing their reactivity, porosity, and heating values, which depend on biomass pretreatment temperature with direct influence on combustion dynamics and kinetics of heat production. The MW-induced changes of combustion kinetics influence kinetics of the formation of emissions, which is provided using the gas analyzer Testo 350. The results of kinetic study show that the developed pilot device ensures efficient burnout of raw and pretreated wood and wheat straw pellets reaching the combustion efficiency 93.7-94.34. It was observed that the heat amount produced by development of gas-phase reactions decreases, while the heat amount produced by development of surface reactions increases. The kinetic study of main combustion characteristics suggests that development of surface reactions is influenced by MW-induced increase of the heating value of pre-treated pellets and development of a scope of exothermal and endothermic surface reactions. As a result, transition from the gas-phase to surface reactions promotes more lasting burnout of pretreated pellets, while increasing the total amount of produced heat by about 18.74% for wood pellets and by about 24.4% for wheat straw pellets, slightly reducing the average values of CO2 and NOx emissions in the products, which can be related to MW-induced changes of the elemental composition of pre-treated pellets.
About IRR and new investment priority index
Authors: Sneps-Sneppe Manfred , Smirnov Dmitry
Published: July 2024

The two most important criteria are the net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR) for choosing among investment projects. The analysis of IRR and NPV indicates an unequivocal choice among the criteria NPV and IRR. We prepare the IRR rule. The static investment optimization problem of IRR is solved as the optimal usefulness of the well-known mathematical result of the knapsack problem. The word “static” means that all projects under consideration have equal duration. The dynamic optimization problem of investments is solved in the case of one-time costs by obtaining results at different points in time (distributed lags), namely, by the fragmentation of the project. The key result is the new investment priority index offering a simple formula for optimal choice among “one-time investments and distributed lags” projects by splitting these projects by time. The procedure how to split the project by time is given. The most general case - distributed in time costs and results - can be built with approximate heuristic solutions. For discussion purposes, a relatively simple investment project is considered numerically.
Strength analysis of femoral implant of bone anchored prosthesis
Authors: Jayathilaka Kithalawalana , Gainutdinovs Oskars , Sokolova Svetlana , Studers Peteris
Published: July 2024

Osseointegration is a ground-breaking medical technique that has transformed the field of prosthetics, particularly in the context of limb replacement. It involves the direct integration of an artificial implant, typically a metal rod, into the patient’s residual bone, enabling a secure and stable connection for prosthetic limbs. This innovation has brought significant improvements in the lives of amputees, enhancing their mobility, comfort, and overall quality of life. One of the most significant advantages of osseointegration is the restoration of a more natural and intuitive limb movement. Traditional prosthetic limbs rely on sockets that are strapped to the residual limb, often leading to discomfort and a lack of proprioception. In contrast, osseo integrated prosthetics allow users to regain a closer approximation of their natural limb function, enhancing their ability to walk, run, and perform various daily tasks with ease. This paper is dedicated to the examination of the strength characteristics through stress simulations and fatigue calculations of a bone implant. The objective is to assess the implant capacity to withstand the load imposed by an amputee weighing 100 kg, ensuring structural integrity and preventing failure. The 3D model utilised in SolidWorks simulations was developed using data acquired from the analysis of 31 femur bones. These bones were examined through X-ray imaging in both Anteroposterior (AP) and Lateral (LAT) views, yielding a total of 62 analysed X-rays. Each X-ray image underwent meticulous analysis and measurements using the AutoCAD to determine the angles and distances between the bone canal axis and the mechanical axis. Subsequently, these individual values were amalgamated to derive a singular resultant angle and distance, which served as the basis for all subsequent simulations and calculations. The results could be used as a foundation for any research looking to examine and further study the strengths of a femoral implant.
Engineering student perceptions of AI technology implementation in ESP
Authors: Sinkus Tatjana , Ozola Inese
Published: July 2024

In the last few years, traditional teaching and learning experiences have been fundamentally transformed by cutting-edge technology such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). While there has been a lot of discussion in the scientific literature regarding the adoption and use of AI tools in general foreign language learning contexts, there is a gap in research regarding these models’ implementation in engineering education, particularly in English for Specific Purposes (ESP). The main aim of this article is to examine engineering students’ opinions about using AI technology in the ESP course at the university and investigate whether it can enhance foreign language learning outcomes. To achieve the aim of the study, a survey was conducted at the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies involving 137 engineering students representing different programs and various academic levels: undergraduate, postgraduate, and PhD. Having analysed the collected data, the authors of the present research found out that most engineering students actively use a wide range of AI tools in ESP and find them useful for various aspects of the foreign language learning process. The students also believe that AI tool incorporation enhances their learning outcomes and stress the importance of developing digital skills as the use of AI in education will inevitably grow in the future. Moreover, the students highlight the significance of using a critical approach to AI tool application in ESP and report that AI technology should be used responsibly to avoid issues like plagiarism and cheating, overreliance and laziness, lack of authenticity, originality, transparency, decreased quality of learning, negative impact on communication and interpersonal skills.
Examining spatial differences in high-prestige employment in Hungary, 2011-2022
Authors: Lorinc Balazs , Kaposzta Jozsef
Published: July 2024

The structural economic development in the cyclical period of the last decade has generated profound social changes in the Member States of the European Union, including Hungary. High-technology developments, the rise of digitalisation and the demand for highly skilled employment have had a marked impact on changes in labour market needs. The question arises: how do the changing employment trends generated by the development of the national economy affect the situation of sub-national regions? Do regional disparities increase as a result of the absorptive effects of central regions? In our study, we investigated spatial economic correlations that focused on spatial differentials in the social strata working in high-prestige occupations. Our results show that these processes have led to the identification of areas which can be defined as employment centres, since the spatial location of these areas will be an inevitable factor in the development of various spatial development strategies. In our study, we conducted our analyses using occupational statistics from the 2011 and 2022 Hungarian censuses at LAU1 territorial level. The data set used was restricted and compiled on the basis of the Hungarian Standard Classification of Occupations (HCSO-08) of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. The main results of our analysis also show that human capital is a crucial factor in promoting economic development and reducing regional disparities, as the social structure needed to avoid the middle-income trap is considered a strategic factor in these employment trends.
Case study of grain export routs changes for Ukraine in 2022-2023
Authors: Skribans Valerijs , Maslii Natalia , Demianchuk Maryna
Published: July 2024

The military conflict between Russia and Ukraine has caused global problems in the food and agricultural products market. Wheat and corn producers in Ukraine were the first to suffer. Due to hostilities, the ability to sell products using established supply chains was significantly reduced. The decrease in the supply of products on the global market has caused an increase in product prices and also put the food security of the least developed countries at risk. The global nature of the crisis forces us to look for new logistics solutions. One solution to the problem is related to the Black Sea Grain Initiative. As a result of the initiative, Ukraine has significantly increased grain exports to least developed countries such as Bangladesh, Yemen, Ethiopia and Djibouti, but the export gap of wheat compared to 2021 is no more than 50%, which indicates the inadequacy of existing solutions. The Black Sea Grain Initiative has stopped the global rise in food prices. In this context, the possibility of creating a transport corridor for Ukrainian agricultural products through the territory of EU countries is being considered, using the sea routes of the Baltic Sea. At the same time, the article examines changes in the situation on agricultural markets in individual EU countries, taking into account global changes. At this stage, it is obvious that the military conflict has become protracted and long-term. Which requires thinking about the need to reorient the specialization of some Baltic Sea ports to transport agricultural products.
Experimental testing of consumer brand engagement: evaluating high-value technology brands through eye tracking methodology
Authors: Madlenak Radovan , Madlenakova Lucia , Nagy Henrietta , Neszmelyi Gyorgy
Published: July 2024

This study examines the impact of brand recognition on consumer decisions in the technology sector, using the eye-tracking technology to assess engagement with top technology brands. In an increasingly saturated market, brands play a crucial role in differentiating products and services, guiding consumer choices by offering trust, quality, and emotional engagement. By categorizing brands and examining their functions – ranging from recognizability to differentiation – the research highlights the significance of technology brands in the global economy. Employing the SMI Eye Tracking System REDn, the study analyzes the visual engagement of young consumers aged 15 to 26 with the logos of the 20 most valuable technology brands. Metrics such as dwell time, average revisits, and fixation rates indicate a marked preference for brands like Apple, Adobe, and Cisco, demonstrating the strong influence of brand strength on technology consumers’ behaviour and preferences. The findings emphasize the critical importance of branding in the technology sector and its role in shaping consumer acceptance. The use of the eye-tracking technology offers innovative insights into consumer preferences, suggesting strategic implications for technology brands aiming to attract and retain the influential demographic of digital natives.
Improvement of reaction to fire performance of birch plywood by veneer soaking method
Authors: Buksans Edgars , Kalnina Ilze
Published: July 2024

This research paper presents a study on improving the reaction to fire performance of birch plywood. Birch plywood finds wide application in various industries, particularly in construction, where it is used for decorative panelling, structural purposes, and panels with acoustic properties. However, one obstacle to the standard use of plywood in these applications is its reaction to fire performance. In many countries, fire safety regulations require plywood products to comply with B-s1,d0 class standards. The objective of this research was to elevate the natural reaction to fire performance level of birch plywood from D-s1,d0 to B-s1,d0 class, as per EN 13501-1:2018 standards. To achieve this goal, were investigated the highest level of fire protection technology available. The approach involved fire impregnation technology, wherein each individual veneer was soaked in two different fire-retardant solutions before gluing. Two soaking technologies were explored, with veneers being dried in industrial veneer dryers after impregnation. Plywood samples were produced at an experimental scale using laboratory press but adhered fully to industrial-scale gluing technology. The reaction to fire performance was evaluated using the single burning item test method prescribed by EN 13823:2020, which is the primary method for assessing reaction to fire performance according to EN 13501-1:2018 standard. The research yielded a potential fire protection technology capable of achieving B-s1,d0 compliant birch plywood. Both dry veneer soaking and wet veneer soaking technologies showed promise in achieving the desired reaction to fire performance. However, several technological aspects, such as the type of fire retardant, liquid concentration level, temperature, and the soaking time, need to be fine-tuned for optimal results.
Investigation of wide span vehicle technological part movement stability
Authors: Bulgakov Volodymyr , Aboltins Aivars , Adamchuk Valerii , Kuvachov Volodymyr , Pascuzzi Simone , Kyurchev Volodymyr , Rucins Adolfs , Nesvidomin Victor
Published: July 2024

While driving a Wide Span Vehicle, depending on the conditions of its operation, the stability of movement of the agricultural machines, attached to it, may grow worse. Despite sufficient and thorough scientific research into the functioning of the mounted and semi-mounted agricultural machines on the mounted mechanisms of traditional tractors, the conditions for the stability of their movement on Wide Span Vehicles were not considered. Stable movement of an agricultural machine, coupled with a Wide Span Vehicle in the working position, can be ensured only on the basis of a correct choice of the design parameters of the mounted mechanism and the layout of the machine itself on it. However, scientists have not studied the effect of different schemes for connecting agricultural vehicles to the Wide Span Vehicle on the stability of their movement. The purpose of this research is to study the process of functioning of mounted agricultural machines on Wide Span Vehicles to ensure sufficient stability of movement from the position of satisfactory angular mobility of its technological part. Theoretical investigations, synthesis of the design schemes and parameters of the Wide Span Vehicle were carried out by modeling on a PC the conditions of its operation, using the basic principles of theoretical mechanics, tractor theory and the theory of automatic control of linear dynamic systems while reproducing statistically random control and disturbing input impacts. Experimental studies were performed, using both generally accepted and developed methods, and included use of modern control and measuring equipment. Processing of the experimental data took place on a PC, using a regression analysis. The physical object of the experimental research was a Wide Span Vehicle. As a result of the research, it was found that from the position of a more stable movement of the technological part of the Wide Span Vehicle (less vibrations), the advantage is given to the arrangement of an agricultural implement on a mounted mechanism behind the axis of its attachment since the dispersion of vibrations of the implement in this case is 33% less than in its variant of placement in front of its mounting axis. These oscillations are of low-frequency and constitute a spectrum of 0…0.16 Hz. Oscillations of the mounted mechanism of the Wide Span Vehicle in the option of placing an agricultural implement on the mounted mechanism in front of the suspension axis should be considered as a disturbing effect on the straight-line movement of the Wide Span Vehicle, and as a consequence an undesirable reaction and its undesirable rotation in one direction or another.