bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respuesta de tres genotipos de tomate al cultivo in vitro y aislamiento de protoplastos
Authors: Botero-Giraldo Catalina , Restrepo-Osorio Catalina , Urrea- Trujillo Aura I.
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la mejor fuente de material vegetal para el aislamiento de protoplastos, suspensiones celulares o foliolos en tres genotipos de tomate con diferente grado de resistencia a Phytophthora infestans: Solanum habrochaites (503) resistente, S. lycopersicum (507) susceptible y el híbrido parcialmente resistente (508). Luego de lograr el establecimiento in vitro a partir de semilla certificada en los genotipos 503 y 507 y de estacas del genotipo 508, las hojas de las vitroplantas desarrolladas y multiplicadas se usaron para la inducción de callo. Se evaluaron cuatro combinaciones de reguladores de crecimiento y dos condiciones lumínicas por genotipo, encontrándose los porcentajes más altos de formación de callo en oscuridad. Las combinaciones de reguladores con mayor efecto sobre el crecimiento y friabilidad de los callos fueron BAP (1 ppm) + AIA (4 ppm) para el genotipo 503 y BAP (4 ppm) + AIA (1 ppm) para los genotipos 507 y 508. Estas combinaciones de reguladores fueron utilizadas para el establecimiento de las suspensiones celulares y el trazado de la curva de crecimiento. El aislamiento de los protoplastos a partir de suspensiones celulares se realizó en la fase exponencial, evaluando diferentes mezclas enzimáticas y tiempos de incubación; sin embargo, no se logró respuesta para ningún genotipo. A partir del mesófilo, se obtuvo 1,2 x 105 protoplastos/ml con alta viabilidad para el genotipo 503 (celulasa 0,6% y pectinasa 0,1%, 8 h de incubación); 1,9 x 105 protoplastos/ml para el genotipo 507 (celulasa 4% y pectinasa 0,4%, 8 h de incubación); y para el genotipo 508, 1,1 x 105 protoplastos/ml (celulasa 2% y pectinasa 0,2%, 7 h de incubación).
Selección in vitro de callos de papa (Solanum tuberosum) var. Diacol Capiro empleando el filtrado crudo de Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary
Authors: Urrea Aura I. , Veitía Novisel , Bermúdez Idalmis
Published: January 2023

Se evaluó el efecto del filtrado crudo del hongo Phytophthora infestans, agente causal del tizón tardío de la papa, y la respuesta de resistencia en callos en dos variedades de papa: Diacol Capiro (susceptible) y Diacol Monserrate (con resistencia de campo). También se estandarizaron en estas dos variedades los procesos de inducción, multiplicación de callos y regeneración de vitroplantas a partir de los mismo.Con la combinación hormonal 2,4D (1mg/l) y BAP (2mg/l) se obtuvo la mejor respuesta para inducir la formación de callos a partir de hojas jóvenes en los dos genotipos. La adición de tiosulfato de plata (1.0 mg/l) y ácido cítrico (50mg/l) fue muy importante para la multiplicación de los callos de la variedad Diacol Capiro, tanto para incrementar el crecimiento como para evitar la muerte del tejido. El porcentaje de regeneración de plantas a partir de los callos fue superior en Diacol Monserrate. Sin embargo, ambas variedades mostraron buena capacidad regenerativa de los callos hasta los cuatro subcultivos evaluados.La dilución del filtrado crudo (concentrado veinte veces en rotoevaporador) que permitió la diferenciación del as variedades por la respuesta de resistencia a nivel de callos fue una parte del filtrado y cinco de medio de cultivo (1:5).Con este trabajo se propone un esquema de selección in vitro a partir de callos para ser usado en programas de mejoramiento para la resistencia a Phytophthora infestans.
Contribuição ao estudo da interação entre pescadores e caranguejos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura): considerações etnobiológicas em uma comunidade pesqueira do Estado da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Medeiros Costa-Neto Eraldo , Gordiano Lima Kátia Luciana
Published: January 2023

Este artigo registra as interações mantidas entre os pescadores do município de Conde, Bahia, com espécies de caranguejos que habitam o estuario do rio Itapicuru. Utilizando-se métodos de etnociência, os dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas abertas realizdas com 18 moradores das comunidades de Poças e Siribinha. Foram observados cinco tipos de conexões com nove esécies de caranguejos decápodas, tais como lúdica, trófica, medicinal, econômica e decorativa. O conhecimento dos pescadores relacionado com aspectos ecológicos, biológicos e comportamentais dessas espécies también foi registrado. Com relação ao uso alimentar, há espécies de consumo libre e espécies altamente evitadas como alimento. As espécies Ucides cordatus, Cardisoma guanhumi e Ocypode quadrata são utilizadas como recursos medicinais no tratamento de doenças diagnosticadas localmente. A valorização do conhecimento ecológico tradicional dos pescadores de Conde e as suas interações com os recursos naturais devem ser considerados em estudos sobre podrões alimentares, saúde pública, biodiversidade e projetos de desenvolvimento planeados para a região.
Notas sobre el nido de Eulaema polychroma (Hymenoptera: apidae: Euglossini)
Authors: Nates-Parra Guiomar , González Víctor Hugo
Published: January 2023

Se describe un nido de 3 (Mocsáry) encontrado dentro de una cavidad del suelo, en la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia. El nido consistía de 199 celdas distribuidas en siete grupos diferentes, algunos de ellos deteriorados y otros con crías de machos y hembras en diferentes estados de desarrollo, y por lo menos con trece hembras adultas presentes durante la captura del nido. Algunas de las celdas parecías haber sido reutilizadas. Se registra por primera vez, para esta especie, escarabajos meloidos asociados a los nidos.
Descripción y nuevos registros de Marasmius (Thicholamataceae) en Colombia
Authors: Pineda G. Fabio , García G. Gustavo , Velásquez V. Luis Fernando , Saldarriaga O. Yamilé
Published: January 2023

En el presente trabajo se describen nueve especies de Marasmius (familia Tricholomataceae). Seis de ellas son nuevos registros para la micoflora colombiana: M. Cladophyllus Berk., M. marthae Sing., M. proletarius Berk. & Curt., M. beniensis Sing., M. Bezerrae Sing. y M. cupressiformis Berk. Los tres restantes: M. Haematocephalus var. haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., M. berteroi (Lév.) Murr. y M. bellus Berk., ya habían sido resgistrados.
Odonatos inmaduros del departamento de Antioquia en diferentes pisos altitudinales
Authors: Arango María Cecilia , Roldán Gabriel
Published: January 2023

Entre el 18 de enero y el 20 de noviembre de 1981 se llevó a cabo el estudio taxonómico y ecológico de los odonatos inmaduros en diferentes pisos altitudinales en el Departamento de Antioquia. Se muestrearon 36 estaciones lóticas y lénticas entre los 75 y los 2.600 m de altura s.n.m.Se hicieron mediciones fisicoquímicas de oxígeno y dióxido de carbono disueltos, temperatura conductividad, pH, dureza total, dureza Ca, fosfatos y nitratos totales. El único factor estrechamente ligado a la altura fue la temperatura.Se relacionaron los valores fisicoquímicos y la altura con la diversidad de las poblaciones de odonatos. En los ecosistemas lóticos se vio una tendencia a disminuir la diversidad a medida que aumenta la altura y baja la temperatura. En los lénticos no se observó esta relación.Los géneros más abundantes y de más amplia distribución altitudinales fueron Hetaerina y Argia, encontrados exclusivamente en ecosistemas lóticos y Erythrodiplax que aparece en todos los pisos altitudinales y en ambos ecosistemas. Acanthgrion es otro género de amplia distribución altitudinal tanto en ecosistemas lóticos como lénticos.En este trabajo se describen por primera vez las ninfas de Dasythemis y Aeshna marchali.
Diversidad de lepidópteros diurnos en un área de bosque seco tropical del occidente antioqueño
Authors: Orozco Silvia , Muriel Sandra B. , Palacio Jorge
Published: January 2023

Los paisajes rurales albergan muchas especies silvestres y complementan la estrategia de conservación en las áreas naturales protegidas. Esta investigación se planteó dos preguntas: a) ¿Cual es la diversidad de mariposas diurnas de la granja del Politécnico JIC?, b) ¿De las especies encontradas qué proporción han sido referenciadas como indicadoras de bosques? Se dividió la granja en cinco zonas, en las cuales se realizaron once muestreos durante doce meses. Se determinó la diversidad esperada a través de estimadores no-paramétricos y se comparó la diversidad por zonas con el análisis de agrupamiento Chi-cuadrado. Se colectaron 933 individuos, que representaron 117 especies y seis familias: Nymphalidae (78), Pieridae (18), Hesperiidae (6), Riodinidae (6), Papilionidae (5) y Lycaenidae (4). Las especies nectarívoras más abundantes fueron Anartia amathea, Anartia jatrophae y Mechanitis menapsis, de las especies frugívoras capturadas, la única abundante fue Pareuptychia hesione. Un 23% de las especies pertenecen a subfamilias relacionadas con paisajes poco intervenidos. La diversidad esperada fue de 158 especies y este estudio encontró el 74% de ella. Las zonas presentaron baja similitud en las especies, la mayor diversidad y abundancia se presentó en las zonas uno y dos, posiblemente debido a la mayor abundancia de plantas ornamentales y arvenses forecidas todo el año. La presencia de especies típicas de sitios poco intervenidos indicaría que los parches de bosque de la granja son importantes en la provisión de recursos para las mariposas o como ruta de paso hacia parches de bosque mayores en este paisaje.
Variación espacio-temporal de la asociación de especies de peces en la laguna de Cachimbero, un humedal en la cuenca media del río Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Arango-Rojas Alexandra , Jiménez-Segura Luz F. , Palacio-Baena Jaime A.
Published: January 2023

La asociación de peces fue estudiada en la Laguna de Cachimbero en diferentes momentos pluviométricos. Las capturas fueron realizadas en cuatro sitios; en cada uno de ellos se muestreo las zonas litoral y pelágica. Fueron capturadas con redes de espera: 23 especies de peces, 1.372 individuos y un peso total de 96.160,28 g. Las especies Caquetaia kraussii, Cyphocharax magdalenae, Hoplias malabaricus, Pimelodus blochii, Prochi-lodus magdalenae y Trachelyopterus insignis fueron las más importantes en abundancia y biomasa. La mayoría de las especies fueron capturadas en zonas litorales y en sitios de muestreo más próximos a los tributarios del humedal y del canal de salida al Río Magdalena y el Caño Cachimbero. La Captura por Unidad de Esfuerzo total (cpue, g/m2) fue diferente entre las zonas litoral y pelágica y entre sitios de muestreo. Los valores de diversidad no superaron en ningún caso a 0,8 bits. La equidad alcanzó valores significativamente altos en algunos muestreos. Cyphocharax magdalenae,Pimelodus blochii y Caquetaia kraussii fueron las especies más importantes en la asociación espacio-temporal. No se encontró una relación significativa entre las características del medio y la asociación de especies.
How Context Matters: Challenges of Localizing Participatory Budgeting for Climate Change Adaptation in Vienna
Authors: Ahn Byeongsun , Friesenecker Michael , Kazepov Yuri , Brandl Jana
Published: January 2023

Participatory budgeting originally aimed to promote greater political representation and resource distribution for vulnerable populations. As it globally circulates, however, existing literature points out that its local interpretations and implementations often fall short of proper tools and mechanisms to advance its emancipatory potential. So far, the roles of different actors, objectives, and toolkits that contribute to diverging local experiences and outcomes have been widely studied. In contrast, extant research has rarely addressed the implications of different spatial contexts and their challenges—and the implicit potential—considering the distinctive institutional arrangements and opportunity structures at the urban scale. This article investigates how the policy idea of participatory budgeting landed in Vienna at the district level in 2017 (Partizipatives BürgerInnen-Budget), its outcomes, and how it evolved into a city-level project for climate change adaptation (Wiener Klimateam). It explores how the local institutional and structural conditions—including the political backing for such initiatives—influence the motivations, expectations, and experiences among different governmental stakeholders at multiple governance levels, shaping place-specific outcomes of participatory budgeting. It unpacks the specific opportunities and constraints of the deployed participatory tools in budgeting processes, according to three core values of democratic governance (legitimacy, justice, and effectiveness). The conclusion discusses the potential trade-offs between these three dimensions and argues that the current form of participatory budgeting in Vienna may increase legitimacy in the process but have less of an impact on the effectiveness of the delivery and the empowerment of vulnerable populations in the outcome.
Strategie nazewnicze wspomagające rozwój kreatywności odbiorców dziecięcych (na przykładzie opowiadań z cyklu „Humorki” Agnieszki Zimnowodzkiej)
Authors: Łuc Izabela
Published: January 2023

The article describes the role, significance and functioning of proper names in the literary commu - nication of Agnieszka Zimnowodzka seen as components of naming strategies enhancing the devel - opment of the creativity of young readers. The description of the functioning of proper names in regard to their harmony with the text was based on three interpretative levels – the pragmatic, stylis - tic and psychological. A detailed examination of the proper names revealed that they activate various functions in the text – the allusive, axiological, creative, cognitive, didactic, emotional, expressive- stylistic, informative, ludic and referential. Two superior strategies were distinguished among the naming strategies used in the short stories by the discussed writer: 1) the strategy of the semantic association of names from various onymic categories, and 2) the contextual naming strategy that brings about particular communication situations. An analysis of the proper names taken from short stories for children written by Zimnowodzka showed many innovative solutions in the field of using the categorial properties of proper names in the literary sphere. These naming formations not only make the reading easier and more attractive to young recipients but also enhance their creativity in many developmental dimensions.
Detailed evaluation of site-response estimation methods across and along the sedimentary valley of volvi (EURO-SEISTEST)
Authors: Riepl J. , Bard P.-Y. , Hatzfeld D. , Papaioannou C. , Nechtschein S.
Published: January 2023

Using records from the EURO-SEISTEST area near Thessaloniki (Greece), we studied empirically the amplification effects of a sedimentary valley. One of the main advantages of this site is the very detailed knowledge of the near-subsurface structure due to exhaustive geophysical and geotechnical measurements and data analyses (Jongmans et al., 1998). The uniqueness of the seismological data set is the very dense network: 31 stations were installed perpendicular and parallel to the valley axis, with minimum interstation distances of 250 m. The mean amplifications along both axes, estimated from 13 local events, were imaged using the traditional spectral ratio technique. Variations of the mean amplifications due to the choice of different data subsets were tested by the use of up to 89 local events, supplemented by four teleseismic events offering good low-frequency resolution. Results obtained using the traditional spectral ratio technique were compared with results from a generalized inversion technique, the H/V ratio technique, a coda wave technique, and Nakamura's technique. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined, especially from a practical point of view.
Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş ve Adıyaman İllerinde Bademde Zararlı Eurytoma amygdali Enderlin (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae)’nin Popülasyon Gelişimi
Authors: USANMAZ Hakan , ASLAN Mahmut Murat
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmada 2016-2017 yılları arasında Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş ve Adıyaman illeri badem bahçelerinde ana zararlı durumunda bulunan badem iç kurdu Eurytoma amygdali End. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae)’nin popülasyon gelişiminin belirlenmesiergin çıkış seyrinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Popülasyon takibi çalışmaları, Gaziantep (Oğuzeli, Şahinbey, Şehitkamil) Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık) ve Adıyaman (Besni) illerinde iki yıl boyunca yürütülmüştür. Her ilçede seçilen bahçelere popülasyon takibi amacıyla şifon kafesler yerleştirilmiş olup, içerisine geçen yıldan kalan ve zararlı ile bulaşık olduğu tahmin edilen en az 200’er meyve bırakılmıştır. Şifon kafeslerin kontrolü mart ayının ortasından itibaren çalışma süresince haftalık olarak yapılmıştır. İlk erginlerin görülmesiyle birlikte, zararlının çıkış yapan erginleri ağız aspiratörü yardımıyla kafeslerden uzaklaştırılmış ve kayıt altına alınmıştır. Gaziantep’te zararlının ilk çıkışlarının nisan ayının ilk 3 haftası içerinde başladığı; Kahramanmaraş ili Pazarcık ilçesinde mart ayı sonu ile nisan ayının son haftası arasında gerçekleştiği ve Adıyaman ili Besni ilçesinde ise mart ayı sonu ile nisan ayının ilk haftasında zararlının erginlerinin doğada görülmeye başladığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca E.amygali’nin bölgede tek döl verdiği, popülasyonun ise en yüksek seviyesine ilk ergin çıkışından itibaren yaklaşık bir hafta içinde ulaştığı da bu çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir.
Nitel Araştırmaların Analizi: Meta-Sentez
Authors: GÜNEŞ Deniz , ERDEM Ramazan
Published: January 2023

Meta-sentez, nitel araştırma bulgularının analiz edilip sentezlenmesi ile daha geniş ve üst bir bakış açısı sağlayan bir araştırma yöntemidir. Son yıllarda meta-sentez kapsamında yürütülen araştırmaların sayısı artmakta fakat kavram kullanımı, yöntem ve araştırma sürecinde uyuşmazlıklar görülmektedir. Bu karmaşıklığı gidermek adına bu çalışmada öncelikle meta-sentez kavramı tanıtılmıştır. Ardından meta-sentez araştırma yönteminin alt türleri ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra meta-sentez yaklaşımında en sık kullanılan meta-etnografı yaklaşımı esas alınarak araştırma süreci aktarılmıştır. Son olarak mevcut meta-sentez araştırmaları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
Bir Araştırma Deseni Olarak Fenomenoloji
Authors: YALÇIN Hacer
Published: January 2023

Sosyal bilimlerde giderek yaygınlık kazanan nitel araştırma, katılımcıların merak ettiği bilgileri keşfetmesini sağlayan, olayların ve algıların doğal ortamda gerçekçi ve bütüncül bir şekilde ele alan, görüşme ve doküman analizi gibi nitel veri toplama tekniklerinin kullanıldığı, araştırma süreci izlenerek yapılan bir araştırma yöntemidir. Nitel bir araştırma yaparken araştırmacıların takip edeceği ve faydalanacağı bir çerçeve sunabilmek için nitel yöntemde anlatı, etnografi, kuram oluşturma, vaka incelemesi ve fenomenoloji olmak üzere beş farklı araştırma deseni kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan fenomenoloji desenini ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelemektir.
Comprehensive evaluation of medical students' teamwork skills
Authors: Panagiotopoulou Eirini-Kanella , Bakirtzis Minas , Vavanou Eirini , Ntonti Panagiota , Labiris Georgios
Published: January 2023

Background: Teamwork plays a pivotal role in patient care and safety promotion. "TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire" (T-TAQ) aims to the assessment of attitudes of care providers regarding teamwork when enrolled in a series of TeamSTEPPS-based scenarios; among them, cooperation in mass casualty scenarios, medical error simulations, and other virtual learning experiences. However, the use of T-TAQ could be expanded into the evaluation of medical students' collaboration capacity in a series of educational tasks such as the management of a simulated clinical scenario within the context of a university course. Aim: To prospectively explore teamwork performance of Greek medical students in simulated clinical scenarios in the undergraduate course of Ophthalmology. Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive study. All fifth-year medical students attending the undergraduate course of Ophthalmology were asked to form teams, each one had to select a simulated clinical ophthalmological scenario and present the outcomes of their project. Scenarios were case reports from patients that visited the outpatients’ service of the Department during the previous six months. Α custom Greek version of the T-TAQ containing 29 5-scale Likert-type items in five subscales (team structure, leadership, situation monitoring, mutual support and communication) was used to evaluate students’ attitudes on the overall procedure. T-TAQ scores were evaluated with gender, residence and other parameters. Results: 102 students participated in this project. Students presented average total T-TAQ score (3.48±0.99) with non-significant differences regarding gender (p=0.38) and residence (p=0.58). Non-significant differences were detected for all subscale scores, as well (all p>0.05). Significant correlation was detected between team project performance and team structure (R2=0.375, p=0.04), mutual support (R2=0.463, p=0.02), and total T-TAQ score (R2=0.349, p=0.05). Additionally, readiness to form teams showed significant correlation with total T-TAQ score (R2=0.512, p<0.01) and project performance (R2=0.444, p=0.01). However, non-significant correlation was identified between T-TAQ score and students’ final grades in the Ophthalmology course (R2=0.015, p=0.28). Conclusion: Greek medical students demonstrated average T-TAQ scores. Medical schools should also focus on the development of collaboration skills for their medical students and possibly enroll teamwork initiatives to their curricula.
ACE2Fc: A Promising Therapy for SARS-Cov2 Infection
Authors: Smitha P.K. , Shandil R.K. , Suresh Pushkarni , Biswas Kunal , Rudramurthy G.R. , Naveenkumar C.N. , Bharathkumar K. , Battula Naga , Chowdhury Suprabuddha , Sinha Sakshi , Dutta Sarmistha , Dhar Sujan , Narayanan Shridhar , Das Manjula
Published: January 2023

SARS-CoV2 entry is mediated by binding of viral spike-protein (S) to the transmembrane Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) of the host cell. Thus, to prevent transmission of disease, strategies to abrogate the interaction are important. However, ACE2 cannot be blocked since its normal function is to convert the Angiotensin II peptide to Angiotensin(1-7) to reduce hypertension. This work reports a recombinant cell line secreting soluble ACE2-ectopic domain (MFcS2), modified to increase binding and production efficacy and fused to human immunoglobulin-Fc. While maintaining its enzymatic activity, the molecule trapped and neutralized SARS-CoV2 virus in vitro with an IC50 of 64 nM. In vivo, with no pathology in the vital organs, it inhibited the viral load in lungs in SARS-CoV2 infected Golden-Syrian-hamster. The Intravenous pharmacokinetic profiling of MFcS2 in hamster at a dose of 5 mg/Kg presented a maximum serum concentration of 23.45 µg/mL with a half-life of 29.56 hrs. These results suggest that MFcS2 could be used as an effective decoy based therapeutic strategy to treat COVID19. This work also reports usage of a novel oral-cancer cell line as in vitro model of SARS-Cov2 infection, validated by over expressing viral-defence pathways upon RNA-seq analysis and over-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 upon growth in hyperglycaemic condition.
Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Postpartum Uterine Diseases in Dairy Cows
Authors: Lefebvre Rejean
Published: January 2023

The goal of treating postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows is to reach clinical cure in a reasonable amount of time and to improve reproductive performance while minimizing milk and meat residue issues. The ultimate goal is to reduce the economic losses caused by uterine diseases. This article focuses on postpartum uterine diseasess in dairy cows, in particular acute puerperal metritis, pyometra and endometritis. The usual treatment approach for these conditions is systemic or local antibiotic therapy to control bacterial growth. Based on clinical signs and bacteria identification using dependent- and independent-based methods, antibiotic use appears to be the most logical and effective therapeutic approach. However, despite considerable research, the treatment of uterine diseasess remains a subject of considerable controversy in the literature. Although some local and systemic antibiotic therapies are effective at mitigating the consequences of postpartum uterine diseases, antibiotic use in the current global context is a serious concern because it is associated with selective pressures on bacteria and the emergence of resistant bacteria in humans and animals. Research on mucosal immunology and the genital microbiota of cows has improved our understanding of uterine involution and how pathological agents behave during uterine diseases in dairy cows. And while antibiotic therapy remains the most common therapeutic option chosen by veterinarian practitioners to treat PUDs, complementary and alternative veterinary medicine is increasingly being considered in response to a demand from animal owners. However, because of the small number of randomized clinical trials and a lack of evidence-based medicine, there is widespread concern regarding the adequacy of evidence for the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative veterinary medicine. The objectives of this article are to describe uterine involution and the main postpartum uterine diseases that occur during the postpartum period in dairy cows, briefly review the current approaches to treating postpartum uterine diseases, and critically review the evidence pertaining to complementary and alternative veterinary medicine in postpartum reproductive veterinary medicine.
Glycative Stress and the progression of Alzheimer-type Dementia: From the Perspective of Amyloid-beta Clearance
Authors: Yonei Yoshikazu , Yagi Masayuki , Mamun-or-Rashid A.
Published: January 2023

Glycative stress is a conception of a state that causes an excess of carbohydrate-derived or fatty acid-derived short-chain aldehydes in the body. Short-chain aldehydes, which are highly reactive, undergo a carbonylation process with lysine and arginine residues in proteins and form advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). When postprandial hyperglycemia occurs, open-ring glucose with exposed aldehyde groups (-CHO) increases and various carbohydrate-derived aldehydes are formed simultaneously (this phenomenon is named “aldehyde sparks”). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme abundant intracellularly as the keystone of defense against glycative stress and plays a role in metabolizing highly toxic glyceraldehyde, however, under diabetic conditions, the enzyme activity is markedly reduced by forming S-(2-succinyl) cysteine-GAPDH. We also found that a high-fat diet reduced GAPDH activity and increased glyceraldehyde and methylglyoxal. High animal fat diets in particular require caution because they increase preference dependence on animal fat. In the lipid-rich brain, they promotes the formation of lipid-derived AGEs formed by methylglyoxal and acrolein providing evidence of their close association with amyloid cascade, ultimately leading to the onset of Alzheimer-type dementia. Through the process of amylod beta (Aβ) glycation modification and cross-linking, Aβ polymerization is promoted and deposited in the brain. Thus, neurotoxicity is aggravated. Furthermore, Aβ progresses toward being persistent and Aβ clearance is reduced. Tau proteins similarly undergo glycation modification and trigger polymerization. methylglyoxal or acrolein-derived glycated Aβ clearance by primary microglia cultured cells reduced significantly compared to the unglycated Aβ provides evidence of the reduced clearance upon glycation. It was also shown that melatonin, which promotes glycolytic cross-linking degradation, may promote microglial Aβ phagocytosis. We next plan to examine the potential of plant extracts that promote glycation cross-linking degradation to improve Aβ phagocytosis. Advanced Alzheimer-type dementia with a disoriented neural network hardly recovers with treatment. In this review article, we discussed possible future therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer-type dementia by increasing Aβ clearance from the early stage such as the prevention of Aβ-glycation and the promotion of glycated-Aβ degradation, which may be a paradigm shift.
Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis Treated with Restricted Fluid Regime in Intensive Care: Risk of Acute Kidney Injury is not Increased and Resolves
Authors: Burnhill Geoff , Davidson Ella , Griffiths Benedict , Lillie Jon
Published: January 2023

Background: Children admitted to intensive care with diabetic ketoacidosis are at risk of acute kidney injury. Recent UK guidelines recommends against restricted fluid provision due to a theoretical risk of kidney injury. To date no data has been published that documents this risk in an intensive care cohort. Aims: To describe the natural history of acute kidney injury in patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis in whom a restrictive fluid regime was provided. Methods: Retrospective analysis, within a UK Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Between January 2011 and December 2020 219 patients were referred to the South Thames Retrieval Service with Diabetic Ketoacidosis, of whom 52 were admitted to Evelina PIC. 49 of these records were complete and used for analysis of acute kidney injury stage using Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria measured by serial creatinine. Clinical outcome at discharge from Pediatric Intensive Care was also recorded. Results: 19 out of 49 (38%) patients had acute kidney injury (17 present on admission to pediatric intensive care). Three patients required renal replacement therapy though all of them went on to re-establish their baseline renal function. This compares favourably to published data documenting an acute kidney injury incidence of 43-64% in general paediatric and pediatric intensive care cohorts. Conclusion: In the context of diabetic ketoacidosis, use of a restrictive fluid regime was not associated with higher levels of acute kidney injury than other studies and renal function recovery was observed in all patients followed up.
Impact of Covid 19 Pandemic on Work Life Balance of Academicians during Working from Home
Authors: Akula Ravi , Srilatha Ponna , Reddy M.
Published: January 2023

Covid 19 brought several challenges to the world. Many organizations were affected by the pandemic. The Education Sector is one among them. Online Classes were introduced by the educational institutions to safeguard the academic interest of the students and also to continue the academic year. In fact, learning new technologies to take online classes is a new task to the academicians. In this paper, a modest attempt has been made to study the work life balance of academicians during work from home by administering a questionnaire through online (google forms) and a total of 256 responses from Telangana State and Andhra Pradesh have been received. In the study, it is found that Designation do not have impact (independent) on work life balance of academicians during work from home. Whereas Nature of Employment (Government/Aided or Private) and Good Working Environment at Home has influence on Work life balance of Academicians. It also found that Work life balances have positive as well as negative aspects. Positive aspect of work from home is that the academicians are able to spend more quality time with their family. Negative aspects include missing social interaction, increased time to prepare for online classes and long working hours.
Waist-to-Height Ratio is an Optimal Metric in Predicting Myocardial Infarction Risk. Other Anthropometrics Widely used by Cardiology to Promote Cardiovascular Health Present Association Biases
Authors: Castellanos Angel
Published: January 2023

Among the components of Life’s Essential 8, body mass index is the anthropometric used in the scoring algorithm of cardiovascular health. Concerning myocardial infarction, the waist-to-hip ratio may show more predictive value than body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio, and has showed a greater excess risk of myocardial infarction in women than in men. However, bias has occurred in global research because of inadequate comparisons with the high-risk body composition. Hence, cardiology may have been confused for a long time because bias-related errors were always overlooked. This situation occurred when risk association was distorted by over- or under-estimating some simple measurements over others. Our aim was to determine whether the historical risk associated with some anthropometrics might provide a bias in causal inferences. Our study design was a review on data of the body of literature. We created new anthropometric variables, which were always omitted in previous large studies. In most studies, mathematical inequalities between the simple measurements in anthropometrically healthy subjects were overlooked, including disparities between lean and fat masses. That way, in omitting the difference in means between the simple measurements of length and body mass components, association findings and causality cannot be assumed. No anthropometric will be equivalent for estimating the same high-risk body composition if the difference in means between the simple measurements present an unbalanced distribution, and besides, being associated as confounding factors. Therefore, after describing new anthropometric variables termed as “x” and demonstrating that the simple measurements showed means of differences differentially distributed between healthy and unhealthy cases worldwide, association biases for the body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio or waist circumference alone may be endorsed, indicating the importance of these results. From a new anthropometric perspective, the waist-to-height ratio may indicate the concrete volume of an abdominal three-dimensional disc in direct-inverse relationship with waist-body height without showing association biases. This index may represent a new construct by defining a risk abdominal volume and avoiding potential confounding factors. In a paradigm shift, only the waist-to-height ratio meets causality criteria as the optimal index to predict myocardial infarction risk and to promote cardiovascular health.
Selected Factors Influencing China's Palm Oil Import Demand from Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad Yusof , Wong Kelly Kai Seng , Kamarulzaman Nitty Hirawaty
Published: January 2023

The export of palm oil from Malaysia to China has declined since 2013, although the Malaysian Ringgit has depreciated. The Malaysian palm oil market has also struggled against the Indonesian palm oil and soy oil in China. Hence, this study aimed to identify the significant factors influencing China's demand for Malaysian palm oil by adopting the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analysis. The finding revealed that the currency rate of exchange, the foreign trade price of Malaysian palm oil to China, and the international soy oil price significantly influence Malaysian palm oil demand in China. Nevertheless, China's real GDP per capita showed a positive and significant influence only in the long run. The demand for Malaysian palm oil in China was not significantly impacted by the palm oil price offered by Indonesia, neither in the long run nor short run. Thus, the authorities related to this industry need to strategize the stock management system to control the price and currency stabilization to maintain its competitive power.
The Correlation between Various Types of Antihypertensive Drugs and the Incidence of Acute Stroke
Authors: Hamida Athiyya Salma , Wahyuliati Tri
Published: January 2023

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability, whose incidence increase with hypertension. Various antihypertensives are used as secondary therapy for stroke. However, the effectiveness of each drug is still debated. This study aims to determine the correlation between various types of antihypertensive drugs on the incidence of acute stroke. This research is a cross-sectional study. Inclusion criteria included hypertensive patients who had used antihypertensive drugs for at least a year and were aged 36. We included 78 subjects, 47 men and 31 women. The drugs were ACEI + CCB (13), ARB (8), ARB + CCB (22), and CCB (35). The subject had an ischemic stroke (8) and a hemorrhagic stroke (1). The logistic regression test showed ACEI + CCB as a reference category. The result consecutively showed ARB (OR, 4.95; CI, 0.72 to 33.89; p = 0.103), CCB (OR, 2.61; CI, 0.39 to 17.01; p = 0.317), and ARB + CCB (OR, 2.36; CI, 0.19 to 29.75; p = 0.507). The antihypertensive drugs had no significant correlation with the incidence of acute stroke. It indicated that stroke risk was not triggered by antihypertensive and could effectively control hypertension and protect patients against stroke
MENTAL HEALTH AND SLEEP QUALITY OF SURGICAL NURSES DURING THE COVID-19
Authors: Özyürek Pakize , Soyer Er Özlem , Gül Gülçin
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE: The outbreak of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has affected the mental well-being of individuals of all ages, especially surgical nurses. This study aimed to explore the association between self-reported mental health and subjective sleep quality of the Turkish surgical nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were collected from N = 453 surgical nurses using online snowball sampling through social media between May 10 and June 10, 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were collected using the Nurse Information Form, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).RESULTS: While 77.3% of them were determined to provide care to patients with COVID-19, and 2.0% of them had a positive COVID-19 test. A total of 76.2% of surgical nurses were stated to be negatively affected by the pandemic process and 56.2% of them were scared of infecting someone else with the virus. Surgical nurses had a mean GAD-7score of 8.7±5.1, a mean CES-D score of 27.8±12.5, and a mean PSQI score of 10.4±3.5. A positive and moderate level of relationship was found between PSQI and CES-D and GAD-7 levels (r=0.558; r=0.554; p<0.001, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: The surgical nurses were found to show signs of depression, had mild anxiety and had poor sleep quality. The poor sleep quality of the surgical nurses was found to be associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.
BAŞ VE BOYUN SKUAMÖZ HÜCRELİ KANSERİNDE TÜMÖR VE LENFADENOPATİ BT HİSTOGRAM PARAMETRELERİ İLE TÜMÖR EVRESİ VE HPV DURUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: Sarıkaya Yasin , Arslan Sevtap
Published: January 2023

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada baş ve boyun skuamöz hücreli kanserinde (BBSHK) tümör ve metastatik lenfadenopati bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) histogram parametreleri ile tümör evresi ve Human papilloma virüs (HPV) durumu arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda ‘Kanser Görüntüleme Arşivi’ veri tabanında kayıtlı ‘Baş ve Boyun Skuamöz Hücreli Kanseri’ isimli çalışmaya ait anonimize veri seti ve bu çalışmaya kayıtlı olguların anonimize BT görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. Tedavi öncesi 1.3 mm kesit kalınlığında kontraslı boyun BT incelemesi bulunan ve HPV durumu bilinen olgular çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. 215 tümör ve 197 lenfadenopatiden histogram analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Lezyonların en geniş boyuta ulaştığı aksiyel kesit belirlenerek bu kesitte lezyon sınırları nekrotik-kistik alanları da içerecek şekilde çizilmiş ve bu alan üzerinden histogram parameterleri [ortalama, varyans, çarpıklık, kurtozis, 1.persentil (P), 10.P, 50.P, 90.P ve 99.P] hesaplanmıştır. Histogram parametreleri ile tümörlerin T (tümör), N (lenf nodu) ve TNM (tümör-lenf nodu-metastaz) evresi ve HPV durumu karşılaştırılmıştır.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya 178 erkek, 37 kadın olgu dahil edilmiştir (medyan yaş 57 yıl). Tümör histogram parametrelerinden ortalama değer, varyans, 10.P, 50.P, 90.P ve 99.P değerleri ile lenfadenopati histogram parametrelerinden çarpıklık değeri farklı T evreleri arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark göstermiştir (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.05, 0.038, 0.032, 0.047, 0.046, 0.022 ve 0.008). N0 evre kanserlerin tümör 10.P değerinin N3 evre kanserlerden istatistiksel anlamlı yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p:0.028). Tümör ve lenfadenopatiye ait histogram parametrelerinden hiçbiri farklı TNM evreleri arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark göstermemiştir (p değerleri 0.073-0.792). Tümör varyans değeri ve 50.P değeri HPV pozitif tümörlerde HPV negatif tümörlere göre istatistiksel anlamlı düşük bulunmuştur (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.035 ve 0.048).SONUÇ: BT histogram parametreleri farklı T evresi, N evresi ve HPV durumuna sahip BBSHK arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark göstermiştir. Heterojeniteyi gösteren varyans değeri T evresi yüksek tümörler ile HPV negatif tümörlerde daha yüksek bulunmuştur
In-vitro investigation of primary stability of orthodontic mini implants with different lengths using resonance frequency analysis
Authors: Chandak Amruta Mantri , Tarvade Suchita Daokar , Sharma Mitali , Kaurani Harsha Jairaj
Published: January 2023

Out of various ways of gaining anchorage, mini implants are gaining attention due to its minimum compliance and maximum curative effects.Mini implants are considered successful if they have sufficient primary stability that comes from mechanical interlocking of mini implant with the bone.Factors which influence the implant stability are bone physiology, implant size, shape and surface characteristics. Considering all other factors within anatomic constraints, what may play a role in primary stability of mini implants is length. Literature search to correlate mini implant length with primary stability was found to be insufficient and hence this study was undertaken.

In this study, two goat jaws were subjected to spiral 3D CT scan and the areas with D2 bone density were identified and marked. In these D2 density marked areas, 30 implants of 1.5 x 6mm (GROUP A) and 30 implants of 1.5 x8mm (GROUP B) were placed. Their stability was measured by Radio Frequency Analysis using Osstell ISQ device with its Smart Peg. A connector was fabricated to make the fit of smart peg compatible with the head of mini implant. Readings were made in 5 different directions for each implant and their average value was considered as final reading.

It was noted that primary mini implant stability is significantly higher (p 0.034) with GROUP B implants than with GROUP A implants.

The increased length of mini-implants positively affects its primary stability and should be taken into consideration when implants are used as anchorage devices.
Effect of rapid maxillary expander with posterior bite blocks in hyperdivergent patients with adenoid hypertrophy- A cephalometric study
Authors: Soni Deepak Mohan , Negi K.S. , Azad Ramesh , Sood Sankalp , Chainta Dimple , Negi Nishant
Published: January 2023

To analyze the effect of Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) with posterior bite blocks on craniofacial structures in hyperdivergent patients with adenoid hypertrophy and to compare them with control group.

32 patients of adenoid hypertrophy (mean age 11.6 yrs, range 8-12 years) with a transverse discrepancy were selected and divided into two groups in a random way - Group A: (n=16) hyrax RME with posterior bite block group, Group B: (n=16) control group. Group A- Lateral and Posteroanterior cephalograms were recorded pretreatment (T0), postexpansion (T1), and after 9 months retention (T2). Group B- Lateral and Posteroanterior cephalograms were recorded pretreatment (T0), and after 9 months (T2) concurrent with Group A. Cephalometric measurements in sagittal, vertical and transverse dimensions were taken and comparison was made using Paired and Unpaired t-test with p < 0.05 as statistically significant.

Group A underwent insignificant increase in SN-MP angle whereas it increased significantly in Group B. The lower facial height and jarabak’s ratio decreased significantly. All transverse parameters increased significantly with maximum increase in intermolar width when compared with Group B.

Significant increase in the transverse dimensions of mid face occurs with RME thus increasing the upper airway patency and effective control of the vertical growth pattern, typical of adenoid hypertrophy, was seen in the treatment group when compared with the control group.
Adjunctive orthodontics – A review
Authors: Solanki Jigarsinh Dilipsinh , Desai Manish Baldevbhai , Kubavat Ajay Kantilal , Prajapati Nikunj Harikrishna
Published: January 2023

In the recent years, number of adults seeking orthodontic treatment has significantly increased because of many factors including easier access to orthodontists, the availability of aesthetic treatment alternatives that make the appliance invisible, or improved awareness. Adults not only have malocclusions of different severity when they first arrive, but they also have additional restorative and periodontal considerations that need for interdisciplinary care that is well-coordinated. The two primary types of orthodontic therapy suggested for adult malocclusion are adjunctive and comprehensive. The goal of this article is to evaluate the various adjunctive orthodontic treatment methods and their treatment sequence for adult patients. This article seeks to provide readers with a better grasp of the most recent developments in adjunctive orthodontic therapy.
Clinical applicability of IZC’s in orthodontics - A review
Authors: Lovely  , Pradeep Raghav  , Reddy C Munish
Published: January 2023

IZC as orthodontic bone screws (OBSs) are well-established and reliable devices that considerably expand the scope for conservative treatment of severe and complex malocclusions. Despite of few documentations, some orthodontists have incorporated these devices into routine clinical practice. Therefore, it is clear that IZC bone screws will substantially impact the future of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics.
Współpraca gminy z inwestorem w sferze planowania przestrzennego
Authors: Błażewski Maciej
Published: January 2023

Model współpracy gminy z inwestorem w sferze planowania przestrzennego obejmuje dwie płaszczyzny przygotowania aktu planowania przestrzennego oraz realizację aktu planowania przestrzennego. model ten jest odrębny względem partycypacji społecznej. Przepisy prawa ograniczają znacząco zakres stosowania tego modelu.
A Cross Sectional Study to Analyze Drug Utilization Pattern of Pain Clinic in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India
Authors: Saurav Harshit , Kushwah Anjali , Shinde Meghna , Pauranik Ritu
Published: January 2023

Background: Pain is associated with increased prevalence of chronic diseases which adversely affects the quality of life of patients. This also leads to increased demand of drugs for chronic pain relief. Drug utilization pattern studies of pain clinic are therefore important to ascertain rational use of medicines in healthcare system.The study aims to evaluate drug utilization pattern in pain clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: A cross sectional study was done by analyzing prescriptions of patients at pain clinic of MYH Hospital of Indore, MP, India, for a period of 3 months from November 2021 to January 2022. Total 260 prescriptions were analyzed on the basis of WHO core prescribing indicators, FDC (Fixed Dose Combinations) & NLEM (National List of Essential Medicines) list by using descriptive statistics.
Results: Study results showed that analgesics were most commonly prescribed in the age grou p 41-60 years. Lower back pain (28.8%) was the most common indication for prescribing analgesics in pain clinic with a female preponderance of 57.7%. Out of total 639 drugs, Fixed Dose Combinations (FDC)(76.2%) were more than single drugs (24.8%). 59.3% of drugs were concomitant medications. 80% (220) FDCs were generic and Gabapentin+Nortryptiline (31.8%) was the commonest FDC. Pregabalin was the most commonly prescribed single drug preparation. Average number of drugs per encounter were 2.45 and generic prescribing was 85.7%. Total 46% of medicines were prescribed from NLEM.
Conclusion: We found that FDC, generic prescribing and concomitant medications use was higher in our study. The study guides for rational prescribing of analgesics to maximize pain relief and minimize adverse effects associated with it.