bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Stemness-Linked Transcription Regulators to the
Progression of Breast Cancer
Authors: Segura-Bautista David , Maya-Nunez Guadalupe , Aguilar-Rojas Arturo , Huerta-Reyes Maira , Pérez-Solis Marco Allan
Published: November 2021

:

Although there are currently several factors that allow measuring the risk of
having breast cancer or predicting its progression, the underlying causes of this
malignancy have remained unknown. Several molecular studies have described some
mechanisms involved in the progress of breast cancer. These have helped in identifying
new targets with therapeutic potential. However, despite the therapeutic strategies
implemented from the advances achieved in breast cancer research, a large percentage
of patients with breast cancer die due to the spread of malignant cells to other tissues or
organs, such as bones and lungs. Therefore, determining the processes that promote
the migration of malignant cells remains one of the greatest challenges for oncological
research. Several research groups have reported evidence on how the dedifferentiation
of tumor cells leads to the acquisition of stemness characteristics, such as invasion,
metastasis, the capability to evade the immunological response, and resistance to
several cytotoxic drugs. These phenotypic changes have been associated with a
complex reprogramming of gene expression in tumor cells during the Epithelial-
Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Considering the determining role that the transcriptional
regulation plays in the expression of the specific characteristics and attributes of breast
cancer during ETM, in the present work, we reviewed and analyzed several
transcriptional mechanisms that support the mesenchymal phenotype. In the same way,
we established the importance of transcription factors with a therapeutic perspective in
the progress of breast cancer.
Dynamic Imaging Changes of COVID-19 Pneumonia at Different Stages
Authors: Lv Xiao-Yan , Xing Wei-Hong , Ma Xi , Xing Li-Hong , Zhang Yu , Lu Yi-Bo , Dong Li , Zheng Meng , Yin Xiao-Ping , An Wei-Min , Gao Bu-Lang
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

To investigate the Computed Tomography (CT) imaging characteristics
and dynamic changes of COVID-19 pneumonia at different stages.

Methods:

Forty-six patients infected with COVID-19 who had chest CT scans were enrolled, and
CT scans were performed 4-6 times with an interval of 2-5 days.

Results:

At the early stage (n=25), ground glass opacity was presented in 11 patients (11/25 or
44.0 %) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 13 (13/25 or 52.0 %) in the lung CT
images. At the progressive stage (n=38), ground glass opacity was presented in only one patient
(1/38 or 2.6 %) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 33 (33/38 or 86.8 %). In the
early improvement stage (n=38), the imaging presentation was ground glass opacity alone in three
patients (3/38 or 7.9 %) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 34 (34/38 or 89.5
%). In the late improvement (absorption) stage (n=33), the primary imaging presentation was
ground glass presentation in eight patients (8/33 or 24.2 %) and ground glass opacity mixed with
consolidation in 23 (23/33 or 69.7 %). The lesion reached the peak at 4-16 days after disease onset,
and 26 (26/38 or 68.4 %) patients reached the disease peak within ten days. Starting from 6 to 20
days after onset, the disease began to be improved, with 30 (30/38 or 78.9 %) patients being improved
within 15 days.

Conclusion:

COVID-19 pneumonia will progress to the peak stage at a mediate time of seven days
and enter the improvement stage at twelve days. Computed tomography imaging of the pulmonary
lesion has a common pattern from disease onset to improvement and recovery and provides important
information for evaluation of the disease course and treatment effect.
Determination of Creep Behavior of Concrete Beams Made with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Mutungi Winfred , Mutuku Raphael N. , Nyomboi Timothy
Published: November 2021

Background:

Creep in concrete is a long-term deformation under sustained loading. It is influenced by many factors, including constituent materials, environmental conditions, among others. Whenever there is an alteration in the convectional concrete preparation process, the creep characteristics need to be realistically assessed. In the present construction, rice husk ash has been used for partial replacement of cement in concrete production. This is because its properties of both tensile and compressive strength in concrete have been tested and found comparable with plain concrete. However, durability characteristics such as creep, which take place in the long run, have not been realistically assessed. Therefore, it is important to study the creep of rice husk ash concrete, which will further help in the development of a creep prediction model for such concrete for use by design engineers.

Objectives:

Rice husk ash was used as supplementary cementitious material in concrete, and the creep behavior was studied with the aim of producing a creep prediction model for this concrete.

Methods:

The cement was replaced with 10% of rice husk ash in concrete with a design strength of 30MPA. Reinforced concrete beams were cast and loaded for flexural creep 35 days after casting. The loading level was 25% of the beam’s strength at the time of loading. The creep observation was done for 60 days. The rice husk used was obtained locally from Mwea irrigation scheme in Kenya. The experiments were carried out in our school laboratory at Jomo Kenyatta university of Agriculture and Technology.

Results:

The creep strain data of rice husk ash concrete beams was obtained with the highest value of 620 micro strain for 60 days. The results were used to develop a creep prediction model for this concrete.

Conclusion:

A creep prediction model for rice husk ash concrete has been developed, which can be adopted by engineers for class 30 of concrete containing rice husk ash at a 10% replacement level.
Reworsening of Recurrent Guillain-Barré Syndrome Triggered by COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Vita Gian Luca , Terranova Carmen , Sframeli Maria , Toscano Antonio , Vita Giuseppe
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute, immune-mediated, generalized polyradiculoneuropathy often triggered by a bacterial or viral infection, vaccination, or surgery. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, some patients were reported with GBS associated COVID-19 infection.

Case Presentation:

We report, herein, a patient who had a recurrent GBS after forty years. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) induced improvement, but her condition worsened suddenly after twenty days, coinciding with a COVID-19 infection. A second IVIg cycle was administered, and she improved again.

Conclusion:

The take-home message is that in the current pandemic, any re-worsening or lack of improvement after appropriate treatment of GBS or possibly other autoimmune neurological diseases must be checked to determine if it is related to COVID-19 infection.
Atypical Macular Presentation in a FRAT Case and HANAC Syndrome, A Case Report
Authors: Ferreira Felipe de Queiroz Tavares , Nascimento de Queiroz Marjorie Fornazier do , Ayres da Fonseca André Luis , Holanda de Freitas Ana Cristina Lavor , Nascimento Maurício Abujamra
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

Report an atypical Familial Retinal Arterial Tortuosity (FRAT) case associated with Hereditary Angiopathy with Nephropathy, Aneurysm and Cramps (HANAC).

Methods:

The authors report the case of a female patient with FRAT and HANAC, and an asymmetric ocular presentation which is unusual in Familial Retinal Arterial Tortuosity patients.

Conclusion:

These findings help in better understanding this rare disease. HANAC Syndrome is not a common issue; thus, it is essential to understand it to make the right diagnosis. Careful ophthalmological examination plays a key role in this process since, in the herein reported case, it could have helped to diagnose a disease capable of affecting a patient’s health, although it was an atypical ocular impairment.
Anti-infective and Antineoplastic Properties of Green Tea Catechins:
Examining the Therapeutic Risk-benefit Ratio
Authors: Hefti Erik , De Paula Mendes Luciene , Beyah Sharif
Published: November 2021

Background:

Green tea is a commonly used dietary supplement and food product.
Green tea contains many polyphenolic compounds known as green tea catechins (GTCs). There are
numerous reports exploring the potential benefit of using green tea catechins as chemotherapeutic
agents to treat neoplastic disorders and infectious processes. The prevalence of cancer diagnoses,
bacterial infections, and viral diseases that include SARS-CoV-2 have led to increased interest in
GTCs as a therapeutic option in patients suffering from these conditions.

Objective:

This concise review explores the evidence related to the therapeutic use of GTCs to
treat neoplastic disorders as well as bacterial and viral infections.

Methods:

PubMed, NIH, and OVID online databases were utilized to retrieve relevant scientific literature
that addresses GTCs role in treating cancer and infectious disease.

Results:

While there are preliminary data indicating potentially adventitious properties of GTCs,
there is a paucity of large prospective clinical trial data to support the use of GTCs in a therapeutic
capacity to treat these disease processes. There are documented instances of GTCs interacting with
medications indicated to treat neoplastic diseases.

Conclusion:

Currently, it seems that the therapeutic benefit of using GTCs is outweighed by the potential
risks.
Cholera Toxin Induces Intestinal Secretion in an Acute Renal Failure Rat
Model
Authors: Abraham Parvin , Joseph Anu , Sreekumar Parvathy , Varma Koyikkal Karthikeya , Madhavan Lilly
Published: November 2021

Background:

Cholera is a life-threatening secretory diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio
cholera bacterium. On the contrary, local and specific use of cholera toxin (CT) at a low concentration
can cause controlled fluid secretion. In the study, we explored the secretory action of CT in the
intestine of rats with acute renal failure (ARF).

Methods:

Closed intestinal loop experiments were performed in ARF rats treated with CT. Secreted
fluid and serum were analyzed for various solutes and electrolytes. The presence of K+, Na+, Cl-,
urea and creatinine were monitored. Histopathology analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect
of CT in liver, kidney, and intestinal tissues.

Results:

A reduction in the absorption of water and electrolytes was observed over time and a secretory
response started to appear within hours of CT treatment. The fluid secretory response with entrapped
electrolytes was profound in ARF rats. Histopathological analysis of CT exposed tissues revealed
that apart from the tissue damage produced by acute renal failure, no CT induced cellular
changes occurred.

Conclusion:

CT can be used as a secretagogue to induce fluid and electrolyte secretion in ARF
rats. However, effective measures should be taken to avoid CT induced acidosis.
Development of intellectual and creative activity of teenagers in the study of historical and cultural monuments of England
Authors: Pirmanova Gavkhar Nazarkulovna , Safarova Musallam Akhmadovna , Khalilova Zilola Farmonovna , Tashpulatova Nargiza Samartdinovna , Normatova Nodira Suyundikovna
Published: November 2021

The article about the intellectual and creative activity of teenagers is especially productive if it is devoted to the knowledge of artistic values. Here, intelligence and creativity are activated. Moreover, in adolescence, there is a lively interest in art and a great need for its knowledge at the logical-cognitive and artistic-aesthetic levels. In dealing with highly artistic works (in preparing teenagers for their perception and the process itself) logical and artistic thinking develops, with the maximum activation of creative thinking and imagination, generalization, and one's attitude, as well as reproduction. However, this is not enough for teenagers: intellectual and creative potential requires its implementation in any activity of cognition. It is in this process of intellectual and creative development with the result of activities (for example, cognitive and educational) that the personality of adolescents is formed.
A través de la pantalla: Infancias queer en la literatura argentina del nuevo milenio
Authors: Punte María José
Published: November 2021

Childhood is taken up time and again in Argentine literature of the first decades of the 21st century. These are novels that engage various forms of humor, from extreme satire to imposed naivety. This broad register serves to destabilize ideas established throughout the 20th century about the management of the lives of minors. Imaginaries formed by television have become part of several texts, together with what could be termed the “infant library”, that is to say, the children’s literature read by contemporary writers. Argentine narrative of the period accounts for the serious social crisis caused by the hegemony of neoliberalism, as well as its consequences on children’s lives, revealing the fissures in the discourses surrounding their rights. The present article examines these issues in relation to three recent novels: Quedate conmigo (2017) by I. Acevedo, La maldición de Jacinta Pichimahuida (2007) by Lucía Puenzo and Osos (2010) by Diego Vecchio. They will be addressed here within the theoretical frameworks offered by Kathryn B. Stockton in her book The Queer Child (2009).
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La infancia es retomada por la literatura escrita en Argentina durante las primeras décadas del siglo XXI en novelas que apuestan a diversas formas del humor. Desde la sátira extrema hasta una ingenuidad impostada, aparece un registro amplio que sirve para desestabilizar ideas fijadas a lo largo del siglo XX en lo relacionado con la administración de la vida de los menores de edad. Los imaginarios televisivos entran a formar parte de los textos fundiéndose con la “biblioteca infante”, es decir, con las lecturas que acompañaron las infancias de los y las escritoras contemporáneos. La narrativa argentina del período también da cuenta de la grave crisis social producida por la hegemonía del neoliberalismo, así como sus consecuencias en las vidas de las infancias, lo que tendió a mostrar las fisuras de los discursos en torno a sus derechos. Estas discusiones quedan registradas en las tres novelas—Quedate conmigo (2017) de I. Acevedo, La maldición de Jacinta Pichimahuida (2007) de Lucía Puenzo, Osos (2010) de Diego Vecchio—que serán abordadas aquí desde los marcos teóricos ofrecidos por la teoría queer, en particular por la propuesta de Kathryn B. Stockton.
Caperucita y la abuela-lobo: Los cuentos de hadas queer de Alejandra Pizarnik
Authors: Barbero Ludmila Soledad
Published: November 2021

Near the end of her life, the Argentine poet Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972) wrote a series of short prose works that explicitly rewrite fairy tales or take up their atmosphere and some of their elements. Such is the case of “Violario” (1971), which rewrites Little Red Riding Hood, with an emphasis on the link between violence and sexuality, and “A tiempo y no” (1968) which highlights the most sinister elements of Snow White. This last story, along with Sleeping Beauty, The Little Mermaid and Hansel and Gretel are also rewritten in prose pieces, poems and in her Diaries. This article analyzes how these rewritings take place—starting with the convergences and divergences with the hypotexts—to illuminate the anomalous and queer image of childhood created by Pizarnik.
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La poeta argentina Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972) hacia el final de su vida escribe una serie de prosas breves que recuperan explícitamente cuentos de hadas, o retoman su atmósfera y algunos de sus elementos. Tal es el caso de “Violario” (1971), que reescribe Caperucita roja, con un marcado énfasis en el cruce entre violencia y sexualidad, y “A tiempo y no” (1968) que retoma y subraya los elementos más siniestros de Blancanieves. Este último cuento, junto con La bella durmiente, La sirenita y Hansel y Gretel son recuperados también en otras prosas, poemas y en los Diarios. Indagar el modo en que tienen lugar estas reescrituras, a partir de las convergencias y divergencias con sus hipotextos, iluminará zonas de la infancia anómala y queer que Pizarnik configura.
La política queer es cosa de niñes: Imaginarios infantiles, afectos ingenuos y repertorios visuales de la protesta sexual contemporánea en Argentina
Authors: Cuello Nicolás
Published: November 2021

This article explores the ways in which a series of artistic activism groups in the recent history of social protest in Argentina, including Mujeres Públicas, Fugitivas del Desierto and Serigrafistas Queer, linked to the feminist, lesbian and sex-dissident movements, occupied public space and social mobilizations through a set of visual devices and performative actions that can be thought of as forms of queer appropriation of childish imaginaries. Appealing to the critical resemantization of the hetero-reproductive economies inscribed both in the bodily choreographies of popular games and in the material life of the toys they used, these groups mobilized public images through naive affects such as cuteness, tenderness and joy to make visible, interrupt, and also divert the productive scripts of modern sex-politics and instituted notions of politics.
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Este artículo explora los modos en que una serie de grupos de activismo artístico en la historia reciente de la protesta en Argentina, entre ellos Mujeres Públicas, Fugitivas del Desierto y Serigrafistas Queer, vinculados a los movimientos feministas, lésbicos y sexodisidentes, ocuparon el espacio público, y las movilizaciones sociales, a través de un conjunto de dispositivos visuales y acciones performáticas que pueden pensarse como formas de apropiación queer de los imaginarios infantiles. Apelando, entonces, a la resemantización crítica de las economías heteroreproductivas inscritas tanto en las coreografías corporales de los juegos populares como en la vida material de los juguetes que utilizaron, movilizaron imágenes públicas a través de afectos ingenuos como lo lindo, la ternura y la alegría para visibilizar, interrumpir y desviar los guiones productivos de la sexopolítica moderna y las nociones instituidas del acontecimiento político.
Los sueños del castillo: Peuma mestizo y sonoridades rebeldes para una infancia recluida
Authors: Donoso Pinto Catalina , Herrera Phillips Lorena
Published: November 2021

This work analyzes the documentary Los sueños del castillo (2018) by Chilean filmmaker René Ballesteros, which depicts the daily life of a group of children confined in a state institution for having committed crimes. The documentary focuses on the stories about their dreams that the youths tell each other and the filming crew. It is important that this detention center is located in a Mapuche territory, given the relevance this culture gives to dreams (peuma). Taking Kathryn Bond Stockton’s notion of queer childhood as any defiance to normativity, we articulate a crucial relationship between institutional confinement as punishment for transgression, the interest in dream activity, the horror genre as the aesthetic chosen by the director, and the relevance given to sound throughout the film. 
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El presente trabajo analiza el documental Los sueños del castillo (2018) del realizador chileno René Ballesteros, que retrata la vida de un grupo de niños en reclusión en una institución estatal por haber cometido delitos. El documental se centra en los relatos de los sueños que los jóvenes reclusos se narran unos a otros y al equipo realizador. Es importante para la película que el centro de detención esté situado en territorio mapuche, dada la relevancia que esa cultura da a los sueños (peuma). A partir de la noción de infancia queer como desafío de la normatividad, propuesta por Kathryn Bond Stockton, articulamos una relación entre la detención institucional como disciplinamiento de esa transgresión y la perspectiva del documental que trastoca esa coerción a partir del interés por la vida onírica, la elección del género del terror como opción estética en el documental y la relevancia dada en la película a la dimensión sonora.
Objective Measurements of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Using Wearable Devices in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Carlin Thomas , Soulard Julie , Aubourg Timothée , Knitza Johannes , Vuillerme Nicolas
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a subgroup of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Practicing regular exercise is critical to manage pain and stiffness, reduce disease activity, and improve physical functioning, spinal mobility, and cardiorespiratory function. Accordingly, monitoring physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA is relevant for clinical outcomes and disease management.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to determine which wearable devices, assessment methods, and associated metrics are commonly used to quantify physical activity or sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA.

METHODS

The PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Cochrane electronic databases will be searched, with no limit on publication date, to identify all the studies matching the inclusion criteria. Only original English-language articles published in a peer-reviewed journal will be included. The search strategy will include a combination of keywords related to the study population, wearable devices, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. We will use the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” to combine keywords as well as Medical Subject Headings terms.

RESULTS

Search strategy was completed in June 2020 with 23 records obtained. Data extraction and synthesis are currently ongoing. Dissemination of study results in peer-reviewed journals is expected at the end of 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

This review will provide a comprehensive and detailed synthesis of published studies that examine the use of wearable devices for objective assessment of physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42020182398; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=182398

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/23359
Clinical Impact of an Analytic Tool for Predicting the Fall Risk in Inpatients: Controlled Interrupted Time Series (Preprint)
Authors: Cho Insook , Jin In sun , Park Hyunchul , Dykes Patricia C
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Patient falls are a common cause of harm in acute-care hospitals worldwide. They are a difficult, complex, and common problem requiring a great deal of nurses’ time, attention, and effort in practice. The recent rapid expansion of health care predictive analytic applications and the growing availability of electronic health record (EHR) data have resulted in the development of machine learning models that predict adverse events. However, the clinical impact of these models in terms of patient outcomes and clinicians’ responses is undetermined.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of an electronic analytic tool for predicting fall risk on patient outcomes and nurses’ responses.

METHODS

A controlled interrupted time series (ITS) experiment was conducted in 12 medical-surgical nursing units at a public hospital between May 2017 and April 2019. In six of the units, the patients’ fall risk was assessed using the St. Thomas’ Risk Assessment Tool in Falling Elderly Inpatients (STRATIFY) system (control units), while in the other six, a predictive model for inpatient fall risks was implemented using routinely obtained data from the hospital’s EHR system (intervention units). The primary outcome was the rate of patient falls; secondary outcomes included the rate of falls with injury and analysis of process metrics (nursing interventions that are designed to mitigate the risk of fall).

RESULTS

During the study period, there were 42,476 admissions, of which 707 were for falls and 134 for fall injuries. Allowing for differences in the patients’ characteristics and baseline process metrics, the number of patients with falls differed between the control (n=382) and intervention (n=325) units. The mean fall rate increased from 1.95 to 2.11 in control units and decreased from 1.92 to 1.79 in intervention units. A separate ITS analysis revealed that the immediate reduction was 29.73% in the intervention group (z=–2.06, P=.039) and 16.58% in the control group (z=–1.28, P=.20), but there was no ongoing effect. The injury rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (0.42 vs 0.31, z=1.50, P=.134). Among the process metrics, the risk-targeted interventions increased significantly over time in the intervention group.

CONCLUSIONS

This early-stage clinical evaluation revealed that implementation of an analytic tool for predicting fall risk may to contribute to an awareness of fall risk, leading to positive changes in nurses’ interventions over time.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea KCT0005286; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/16984
Characteristics of and User Engagement With Antivaping Posts on Instagram: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gao Yankun , Xie Zidian , Sun Li , Xu Chenliang , Li Dongmei
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Although government agencies acknowledge that messages about the adverse health effects of e-cigarette use should be promoted on social media, effectively delivering those health messages is challenging. Instagram is one of the most popular social media platforms among US youth and young adults, and it has been used to educate the public about the potential harm of vaping through antivaping posts.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to analyze the characteristics of and user engagement with antivaping posts on Instagram to inform future message development and information delivery.

METHODS

A total of 11,322 Instagram posts were collected from November 18, 2019, to January 2, 2020, by using antivaping hashtags including #novape, #novaping, #stopvaping, #dontvape, #antivaping, #quitvaping, #antivape, #stopjuuling, #dontvapeonthepizza, and #escapethevape. Among those posts, 1025 posts were randomly selected and 500 antivaping posts were further identified by hand coding. The image type, image content, and account type of antivaping posts were hand coded, the text information in the caption was explored by topic modeling, and the user engagement of each category was compared.

RESULTS

Analyses found that antivaping images of the educational/warning type were the most common (253/500; 50.6%). The average likes of the educational/warning type (15 likes/post) were significantly lower than the catchphrase image type (these emphasized a slogan such as “athletesdontvape” in the image; 32.5 likes/post; P<.001). The majority of the antivaping posts contained the image content element text (n=332, 66.4%), followed by the image content element people/person (n=110, 22%). The images containing people/person elements (32.8 likes/post) had more likes than the images containing other elements (13.8-21.1 likes/post). The captions of the antivaping Instagram posts covered topics including “lung health,” “teen vaping,” “stop vaping,” and “vaping death cases.” Among the 500 antivaping Instagram posts, while most posts were from the antivaping community (n=177, 35.4%) and personal account types (n=182, 36.4%), the antivaping community account type had the highest average number of posts (1.69 posts/account). However, there was no difference in the number of likes among different account types.

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple features of antivaping Instagram posts may be related to user engagement and perception. This study identified the critical elements associated with high user engagement, which could be used to design antivaping posts to deliver health-related information more efficiently.
Building a trustworthy AI differential diagnosis application for Crohn’s disease and intestinal tuberculosis (Preprint)
Authors: Lu Keming , Tong Yuanren , Yu Si , Lin Yucong , Yang Yingyun , Xu Hui , Li Yue , Yu Sheng
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Differentiating between Crohn’s disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) has long been an important and challenging problem in clinical practice. Endoscopy is an essential examination for a timely and accurate diagnosis but the results can be confusing and rely heavily on the experience of the clinician.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to perform more accurate endoscopic diagnosis between CD and ITB by building a trustworthy AI differential diagnosis application with high interpretability.

METHODS

A total of 1271 electronic health record (EHR) patients who had undergone colonoscopies at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) and were clinically diagnosed with CD (n=875) or ITB (n=396) were used in this study. We build a workflow to make diagnoses with EHRs and mine differential diagnosis features; this involves finetuning the pretrained language models, distilling them into a light and efficient TextCNN model, interpreting the neural network and selecting differential attribution features, and then adopting manual feature checking and carrying out debias training.

RESULTS

The accuracy of debiased TextCNN on differential diagnosis between CD and ITB is 0.83 (CR F1: 0.87, ITB F1: 0.77), which is the best among the baselines. On the noisy validation set, its accuracy was 0.70 (CR F1: 0.87, ITB: 0.69), which was significantly higher than that of models without debias. We also interpret all of the models and find that the debiased model more easily mines the diagnostically significant features. The debiased TextCNN unearthed 39 diagnostic features in the form of phrases, 17 of which were key diagnostic features recognized by the guidelines.

CONCLUSIONS

We build a trustworthy AI differential diagnosis application for differentiating between CD and ITB focusing on accuracy, interpretability and robustness. The classifiers perform well, and the features that were found to have statistical significance are in agreement with clinical guidelines.
Calibrating an SIR model for South Korea COVID-19 infections and predicting vaccination impact (Preprint)
Authors: Pae Brandon
Published: November 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

In the span of 1.5 years, COVID-19 has caused more than 4 million deaths worldwide. To prevent such a catastrophe from reoccurring, it is necessary to test and refine current epidemiological models that impact policy decisions. Thus, we developed a deterministic SIR model to examine the long-term transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in South Korea. Using this model, we analyzed how vaccines would affect the number of cases. We found that a 70% vaccination coverage with a 100% effective vaccine would effectively eliminate the number of cases and herd immunity would have been obtained approximately 85 days after February 15 had there not been a reintroduction of cases.
Pengenalan Teknologi Augmented Reality untuk Media Edukasi Koleksi Museum SMB II di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Puspasari Shinta , Herdiansyah M.I.
Published: November 2021

The program carried out to introduce the existence and use of AR technology-based applications for the Palembang cultural education media at the Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum which was effectively used during the Covid-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the SMB II museum was closed to the public. The Program consisted of application socialization and application testing carried out with the target of the public society, namely visitors to the SMB II Museum and the Educational environment such a campus for wider dissemination among Millennials. After being implemented, it was found that the activity was effective for increasing public knowledge and understanding about the existence and usefulness of the AR Museum SMB II application. Hopefully, with the support of the Palembang City Culture Department, the application can be widely used by the public society and support the role of the SMB II museum in Palembang cultural education to maintain the resilience and preservation of regional culture especially in Palembang.

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Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperkenalkan keberadaan dan kegunaan aplikasi berbasis teknologi augmented reality untuk media edukasi budaya Palembang di Museum Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II yang efektif dimanfaatkan pada saat pandemic Covid -19. Pada masa pandemi museum SMB II ditutup untuk umum.  Agenda kegiatan terdiri dari sosialisasi aplikasi dan pengujian aplikasi yang dilaksanakan dengan sasaran masyarakat umum, yaitu pengunjung Museum SMB II dan lingkungan kampus untuk penyebaran yang lebih luas di kalangan generasi Milenial. Setelah dilaksanakan diperoleh hasil bahwa kegiatan tersebut efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang keberadaan dan kegunaan aplikasi AR Museum SMB II. Dengan dukungan dari Dinas Kebudayaan Kota Palembang, diiharapkan aplikasi AR dapat dimanfaatkan secara luas oleh masyarakat serta mendukung peran museum SMB II khususnya dalam pendidikan budaya Palembang sehingga dapat menjaga ketahanan dan kelestarian budaya daerah khususnya Palembang.
Pemetaan Potensi Desa Berbasis Asset Based Community Development di Desa Kotabatu, Pubian, Lampung Tengah
Authors: Yulianto  , Fahmi Teuku , D. Meilinda Selvi , A. Hidayati Dewi , Inayah Astiwi
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this community service activity was to increase the knowledge and experience of local communities at village potential mapping based on Asset Based Community Development in Kotabatu Village. The activities carried out are in the form of focus group discussion (FGD), training that accompanied by assistance in the context of mapping of village potential and increasing the institutional capacity of community groups, namely: Community Forestry Group and Tourism Awareness Group. The methods used in this activity included: the cognitive aspect enhancement stage, the mentoring and empowerment stage, and the advocacy stage. In particular, this community service activity has led to several objectives, including: building a commitment among village officials to focus on village development of the three potential Kotabatu Village has had, including (1) optimizing the potential of natural resources, (2) potential agricultural products, and (3) tourism potential.

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Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini ialah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman masyarakat lokal dalam memetakan potensi desa berbasiskan asset based community development di Desa Kotabatu, Kec. Pubian, Kab. Lampung Tengah. Kegiatan yang dilakukan berbentuk forum group discussion (FGD), pelatihan, dan dibarengi dengan pendampingan dalam rangka pemetaan (eksplorasi) potensi desa, serta peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan kelompok masyarakat, yakni Kelompok Hutan Kemasyarakatan-HKm dan Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis). Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini di antaranya adalah tahap peningkatan aspek kognitif, tahap pendampingan dan pemberdayaan, serta tahap advokasi. Secara khusus, kegiatan pengabdian ini telah mengarah pada beberapa capaian tujuan, di antaranya, yakni terbangunnya komitmen di antara aparatur desa untuk memfokuskan pengembangan desa pada tiga potensi yang dimiliki oleh Desa Kotabatu, di antaranya, yakni (1) optimalisasi potensi SDA, (2) potensi hasil bumi, dan (3) potensi pariwisata.
Editorial Oktober 2021
Authors: Prasodjo Tjahjono
Published: November 2021

Sidang pembaca Jurnal Bakti Budaya. Edisi Vol. 4, No. 2 Tahun 2021 ini terbit di kala pandemi Covid-19 masih berlangsung dalam kehidupan keseharian kita. Pandemi ini membawa dampak yang besar dalam kegiatan-kegiatan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) yang telah kita lakukan secara rutin dari tahun ke tahun. Dampak pandemi mempersulit kita untuk bebas bergerak dalam menjalankan kegiatan PkM, terutama ketika pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan PPKM (Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat). Namun, di sisi lain pandemi ini juga membuat kita berupaya keras untuk berkreasi dalam penyusunan dan pelaksanaan program PkM, dalam usaha yang lebih besar untuk berkontribusi terhadap pengurangan dan penanggulangan dampak negatif pandemi.
Tanduk Alit Oktober 2021
Authors: Editorial Tim
Published: November 2021

Kilas Kegiatan PKM

Resiliensi dengan Shalawat: Pembuatan Buku Shalawat untuk Masyarakat Muslim Pekalongan Selatan dan Timur

Revitalisasi Bahasa Jawa Bagi Siswa SLTA di Kabupaten Gunungkidul

Penguatan Pemahaman Gaya hidup sesuai Protokol Kesehatan di SMA Negeri 1 Sleman

Visualisasi Belajar di Rumah BDR bagi Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar Selama Pandemi

Sinergi Melawan Covid-19
The Effect of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict on the Palestinian labor Market and Human Capital Accumulation
Authors: Hallaq Sameh
Published: November 2021

This paper summarizes recent literature that discusses the economic costs of several conflict measures, e.g., “time and geographical variation in fatalities and other conflict incidents, days under curfews, checkpoints, movement restrictions, and Palestinian substitution labor by foreigner workers on the Palestinian labor market and human capital”. Earnings and unemployment are the main labor market indicators, while human capital was assessed by educational attainment. Also, this essay sheds light on the wage differential in the Palestinian labor market due to geographical and employment sector factors as a consequence of the ongoing conflict.
Protracted Refugee Situations and the “Warehousing” Option: The Intractability of Kenya’s Dadaab Refugee Complex
Authors: Shaheen Sage , Thomas David P.
Published: November 2021

This article examines the phenomenon of Protracted Refugee Situations (PRS) and the so-called warehousing of refugees in the case of Kenya’s Dadaab refugee complex. We analyze the intractability of PRS in this particular case and argue that there are four main features that make it so: (1) a host state that views the refugees primarily as a security threat and takes very little responsibility for their well-being; (2) UNHCR acting as a surrogate state with very little influence over the Kenyan government and little incentive or capacity to remedy the situation; (3) an ongoing political situation in Somalia that prevents the safe return of refugees; and (4) a general failure on the part of wealthier countries to commit to substantial resettlement initiatives.
Design and Analysis of CMOS Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Using VLSI Technology
Authors: Shewale Saurabh J.
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This paper proffers comparative research of Complementary MOSFET (CMOS) of the Phase Lock Loop (PPL) circuit. Our approach is based on hybrid design Phase Lock Loop (PLL) circuits combined in a single unit. A phase-locked loop (PLL) is used in space communication for synchronization purposes also very useful in time to digital converters and in instrumentation engineering. A phased lock loop (PLL) is a control system that makes an output signal whose frequency depends on the input phase difference. The phase detector takes the phase of an input signal and compares it with the phase procured from its output oscillator regulates the frequency of its oscillator to manage the phase matches. Different techniques like analogue and digital simulation with the help of mathematical/logical connections are found in Research to create the Phase Locked Loop (PLL). This limitation can be overcome by replicating the circuit block whose supply voltage is being reduced to manage the same throughout. This paper includes design features for low power phase-locked loop using Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technology. The signal from the phase detector controls the oscillator in a feedback loop. As such: an operational device the PLL has a wide range of applications in computers sciences, telecommunication, and electronic system applications; we aim to design and examine the phase lock loop circuit in multiple technologies and examine their power capacity. By using the hybrid structure of NMOS and PMOS, here we have achieved the circuit of Phase Lock Loop (PLL) using VLSI technology. Keywords: Technology, CMOS, Phase lock loop, Micro wind, Voltage control oscillator, VLSI technology.
Thermal Overload Protection and Monitoring using Programming Logic and Sensor Technology
Authors: Tariq Sanna
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Transformers are the main building block in a power system. Any damages in transformers adversely affects the balance of a power system. The damages are mainly occurring due to overloading and inefficient cooling. The main objective of the project is real time monitoring of the health conditions of the distribution transformer. . The parameters such as temperature, current, voltage, oil temperature, oil height, transformer temperature etc. of a transformer are monitored, processed and recorded in the servers.. The recorded data can be send using Wi-Fi module and accessed from anywhere around the world using IOT technology using HTTP protocol. This helps in identifying without human dependency. This helps in identifying and solving a problem before a failure without human dependency. The system also includes the thermal over load and automatic shut down protection of transformer. Keywords: Realtime Monitoring, Health condition, Wi-Fi module, IOT Technology, HTTP protocol.
Automate Labeling Of Bugs and Tickets Using Attention-Based Mechanism in Recurrent Neral Networks
Authors: Kauthale Ravi
Published: November 2021

Abstract: The aim here is to explore the methods to automate the labelling of the information that is present in bug trackers and client support systems. This is majorly based on the classification of the content depending on some criteria e.g., priority or product area. Labelling of the tickets is important as it helps in effective and efficient handling of the ticket and help is quicker and comprehensive resolution of the tickets. The main goal of the project is to analyze the existing methodologies used for automated labelling and then use a newer approach and compare the results. The existing methodologies are the ones which are based of the neural networks and without neural networks. In this project, a newer approach based on the recurrent neural networks which are based on the hierarchical attention paradigm will be used. Keywords: Automate Labeling, Recurrent Neural Networks, Hierarchical Attention, Multi-class Text Classification, GRU
Closed-Loop Control of a New High Step-Up Multi-Input Multi-Output DC-DC Converter
Authors: Mohan Dr. T. Murali
Published: November 2021

Abstract: A new multi-input multi-output dc-dc converter with high step-up capability for wide power ranges is proposed in this paper. The converter's number of inputs and outputs is arbitrary and independent of each other. The proposed topology combines the benefits of DC-DC boost and switched-capacitor converters. The number of input, output, and voltage multiplier stages is arbitrary and depends on the design conditions. First, the various operating modes of the proposed converter are discussed. The closed-loop control system also must be designed using state space representation and small-signal modelling. Finally, the operation of the proposed converter is derived from the simulation results. Keywords: High power converter, Low voltage stress, Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) converter, Non-isolated high step-up dc-dc converter, closed loop control.
An Islanding Detection and Control Strategy to Realize the Stable and Autonomous Operation of Microgrids Using the Virtual Synchronous Generator
Authors: Lakshmi Illuru Sree
Published: November 2021

Abstract: An islanding detection and based control strategy is created in this exploration to accomplish the steady and independent activity of microgrids using the neural network based Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) idea during unplanned grid reconfigurations . Maybe of utilizing a design-orientedmethodology, this paper gives a rigorous and extensive hypothetical investigation and reaches a concise conclusion that is easy to execute and successful even in complex situations. Based on the results of the mutation sequence and voltage wavering, a neural network based islanding identification calculation is proposed, which requires less constraint strategy. The proposed neural network approach outperforms the thefrequency measured passive detection method in terms of detection speed and reliability. Broad recreations affirm the reasonableness of the proposed islanding location and control methodology. Additionally, think about the results of the reproductions for the PI regulator, fluffy organizations, and neural organizations. Keywords: Virtual Synchronous Generator, Islanding detection, Islanding operation, Droop control, Stability, Microgrids.
Effects of Disparate Zones of Sand on the Compressive Strength of Concrete
Authors: Bakshi Suhaib
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Compressive strength of concrete is the capacity of concrete to bear loads of materials or structure sans breaking or being deformed. Specimen under compression shrinks in size whilst under tension the size elongates. Compressive strength essentially gives concept about the properties of concrete. Compressive strength relies on many aspects such as water-cement ratio, strength of cement, calidad of concrete material. Specimens are tested by compression testing machine after the span of 7 or 28 days of curing. Compressive strength of the concrete is designated by the load on the area of specimen. In this research various proportions of such aggregate mixed in preparing M 30 grade and M 40 grade of Concrete mix and the effect is studied on its compressive strength . Several research papers have been assessed to analyze the compressive strength of concrete and the effect of different zones of sand on compressive strength are discussed in this paper. Keywords: Sand, Gradation, Coarse aggregate, Compressive strength
General Probabilistic Theories with a Gleason-type Theorem
Authors: Wright Victoria J , Weigert Stefan
Published: November 2021

Gleason-type theorems for quantum theory allow one to recover the quantum state space by assuming that (i) states consistently assign probabilities to measurement outcomes and that (ii) there is a unique state for every such assignment. We identify the class of general probabilistic theories which also admit Gleason-type theorems. It contains theories satisfying the no-restriction hypothesis as well as others which can simulate such an unrestricted theory arbitrarily well when allowing for post-selection on measurement outcomes. Our result also implies that the standard no-restriction hypothesis applied to effects is not equivalent to the dual no-restriction hypothesis applied to states which is found to be less restrictive.
Tunable zero modes and quantum interferences in flat-band topological insulators
Authors: Zurita Juan , Creffield Charles , Platero Gloria
Published: November 2021

We investigate the interplay between Aharonov-Bohm (AB) caging and topological protection in a family of quasi-one-dimensional topological insulators, which we term CSSH ladders. Hybrids of the Creutz ladder and the SSH chain, they present a regime with completely flat bands, and a rich topological phase diagram, with several kinds of protected zero modes. These are reminiscent of the Creutz ladder edge states in some cases, and of the SSH chain edge states in others. Furthermore, their high degree of tunability, and the fact that they remain topologically protected even in small systems in the rungless case, due to AB caging, make them suitable for quantum information purposes. One of the ladders can belong to the BDI, AIII and D symmetry classes depending on its parameters, the latter being unusual in a non-superconducting model. Two of the models can also harbor topological end modes which do not follow the usual bulk-boundary correspondence, and are instead related to a Chern number. Finally, we propose some experimental setups to implement the CSSH ladders with current technology, focusing on the photonic lattice case.