bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive Mechanical Sensor Using Tunable Ordered Array of Metallic and Insulating States in Vanadium Dioxide
Authors: Ma 马 Zecheng 泽成 , Yan 闫 Shengnan 胜楠 , Chen 陈 Fanqiang 繁强 , Dai 戴 Yudi 玉頔 , Liu 刘 Zenglin 增霖 , Xu 徐 Kang 康 , Xu 徐 Tao 涛 , Tong 童 Zhanqin 湛钦 , Chen 陈 Moyu 墨雨 , Wang 王 Lizheng 利铮 , Wang 王 Pengfei 鹏飞 , Sun 孙 Litao 立涛 , Cheng 程 Bin 斌 , Liang 梁 Shi-Jun 世军 , Miao 缪 Feng 峰
Published: June 2024

Detecting tiny deformations or vibrations, particularly those associated with strains below 1%, is essential in various technological applications. Traditional intrinsic materials, including metals and semiconductors, face challenges in simultaneously achieving initial metallic state and strain-induced insulating state, hindering the development of highly sensitive mechanical sensors. Here we report an ultrasensitive mechanical sensor based on a strain-induced tunable ordered array of metallic and insulating states in the single-crystal bronze-phase vanadium dioxide [VO2(B)] quantum material. It is shown that the initial metallic state in the VO2(B) flake can be tuned to the insulating state by applying a weak uniaxial tensile strain. Such a unique property gives rise to a record-high gauge factor of above 607970, surpassing previous values by an order of magnitude, with excellent linearity and mechanical resilience as well as durability. As a proof-of-concept application, we use our proposed mechanical sensor to demonstrate precise sensing of the micro piece, gentle airflows and water droplets. We attribute the superior performance of the sensor to the strain-induced continuous metal-insulator transition in the single-crystal VO2(B) flake, evidenced by experimental and simulation results. Our findings highlight the potential of exploiting correlated quantum materials for next-generation ultrasensitive flexible mechanical sensors, addressing critical limitations in traditional materials.
On approximations of the redshift-space bispectrum and power spectrum multipoles covariance matrix
Authors: Novell-Masot Sergi , Gil-Marín Héctor , Verde Licia
Published: June 2024

We investigate, in dark matter and galaxy mocks, the effects of approximating the galaxy power spectrum-bispectrum estimated covariance as a diagonal matrix, for an analysis that aligns with the specifications of recent and upcoming galaxy surveys. We find that, for a joint power spectrum and bispectrum data-vector, with corresponding k-ranges of 0.02 < k[hMpc-1] < 0.15 and 0.02 < k[hMpc-1] < 0.12 each, the diagonal covariance approximation recovers ∼ 10% larger error-bars on the parameters {σ
8,f,α
∥,α
⊥} with respect to the full covariance case, while still underestimating the corresponding true errors on the recovered parameters by ∼ 10%. This is caused by the diagonal approximations weighting the elements of the data-vector in a sub-optimal way, resulting in a less efficient estimator, with poor coverage properties, than the maximum likelihood estimator featuring the full covariance matrix. We further investigate intermediate approximations to the full covariance matrix, with up to ∼ 80% of the matrix elements being zero, which could be advantageous for theoretical and hybrid approaches. We expect these results to be qualitatively insensitive to variations of the total cosmological volume, depending primarily on the bin size and shot-noise, thus making them particularly significant
for present and future galaxy surveys.
Study on pervaporation performance of hydrophobically modified carbon-based membrane materials
Authors: Han Liqiong , He Xing , Shen Shaopeng
Published: June 2024

Based on the appropriate pore size, the surface of the carbon membrane was hydrophobically modified to preferentially adsorb alcohols, so as to achieve the purpose of enriching alcohols in the penetrant. This operation is significant for expanding the application of carbon membranes for gas separation. In this work, a hydrophobic silica sol was synthesized using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) as mixed silicon sources, and it was impregnated and coated on a rolled carbon membrane. The material was then dried and thermally treated to obtain the hydrophobic carbon membrane. The preparation procedure of silica sol was also investigated, and the surface chemical structure and morphology of the hydrophobic carbon membrane were characterized by contact angle (CA), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pervaporation performance of the hydrophobic carbon membrane was inspected with both ethanol/water and isopropanol/water mixed solution. The results showed that the hydrophobic carbon membrane has favorable pervaporation performance. With the elevation of temperature, the total flux significantly increased while the selectivity slightly decreased. The increase of alcohol (ethanol and isopropanol) content also enhanced total flux, but the selectivity reduced prominently. The phenomena indicated that a relatively ideal effect had been achieved.
Effects of high-intensity ultraviolet irradiation on the structure and mechanical properties of Sisal fibers
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhu Jing , Liu Jiawei. , Jiang Xin , Zhang Weiguang , Lang Fengchao
Published: June 2024

To explore the impact of high-intensity ultraviolet light on the structure and mechanical properties of sisal fibers, the article uses chemical methods in the sisal fiber surface silver-plated, untreated, and alkali-treated sisal fibers as a comparison, with the help of scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy on the fiber surface topography, the molecular structure of the research, determination of high-intensity ultraviolet irradiation under the mechanical tensile properties of the fiber. Exposure to high-intensity ultraviolet radiation for a brief period results in a reduction in the tensile strength, fracture elongation, and elastic modulus of untreated, alkali-treated, and chemically silver-plated sisal fibers by 95.2%, 77.7%, 55.9%, 92.8%, 76.9%, 42.1%, and 89.4%, 70.2%, 34.2%, respectively.
Preparation and interface modification of Si3N4f/SiO2 ceramic matrix composites
Authors: Zhang Shuwei , Men Weiwei , Zhu Siyu , Wu Xiao , Xu Hui
Published: June 2024

In order to meet the overall performance of high temperature resistant and transmitted materials for electromagnetic windows of hypersonic aircraft. In this study, Si3N4f/SiO2 ceramic matrix composites were prepared by sol-gel process. After 5 process cycles, the materials were prepared with the best comprehensive performance, with a density of 1.79 g/cm3, a bending strength of 149 MPa, a tensile strength of 82.1 MPa, a dielectric constant of 3.52, and a tangent of the dielectric loss of 0.004. The effects of Al2O3 and LaPO4 interface coatings on the mechanical properties of composites were studied. At room temperature, the interface coating has little effect on the bending properties of the material, and the bending strength of the Al2O3 interface coating composite at 1200°C remains basically unchanged. Compared with the sample without interface coating, the strength retention rate is increased by about 16%. LaPO4 coating had no obvious influence on the bending property of the material at 1200°C.
NiMoO4/MnCo2O4 for high-performance positive electrodes of supercapacitors
Authors: Yan Dinkun
Published: June 2024

To discover more effective energy storage materials, it is crucial to investigate the impact of composite properties. The composite material NiMoO4/MnCo2O4 was synthesized on a nickel foam substrate through hydrothermal and annealing methods. Physical and electrochemical performance tests were subsequently performed on the product. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a blend of NiMoO4 and MnCo2O4 peaks. The microscopic morphology of the composites yielded both nanosheet arrays and nanoflowers. Furthermore, the EDS patterns demonstrated inconsistent elemental distributions, which confirm a composite material nature. The material exhibits promising electrochemical properties, offering a viable solution for incorporating composites into the anode of supercapacitors.
Study on the tensile properties of 3D printing cell structure based on fractal theory
Authors: Lin Shiyun , Peng Chenyun , Deng Fanghang , Yin Dagang
Published: June 2024

Using lightweight technology involves optimizing materials, structures, and manufacturing processes to reduce structural weight while meeting performance standards. This technology has emerged as pivotal in advancing the next generation of aerospace equipment. This study employed the 3D printing method using PLA material to produce tensile test specimens of three structures: the concave hexagonal, bionic feather, and standard structures. Tensile and finite element simulation tests were conducted to assess their tensile properties. By comparing crack propagation paths under tensile load, the impact of these paths on structure fracture toughness was analyzed using fractal theory. The findings reveal that distinct structures exhibit varied fracture toughness due to differing crack propagation paths during tensile fracture. Fractal dimensions were calculated for each structure: 1.491 for the concave hexagonal structure, 1.488 for the bionic feather structure, and 1.465 for the standard structure. These dimensions suggest that the concave hexagonal structure possesses the highest fracture toughness among the three structures.
Influence of humid and thermal environment on flexural properties of CFRP reinforced foam sandwich structures
Authors: Yang Shiyu , Gai Di , Xu Hai , Yu Shengjie , Yao Zhipeng , Zhao Zheng
Published: June 2024

The influence of the moisture and heat environment on the bending properties of CFRP laminates and CFRP reinforced foam sandwich structures was studied by mass change and three-point bending test. The results show that the saturation moisture absorption rate of CFRP laminates is low, only 0.62%. The CFRP reinforced foam sandwich structure exhibits a saturation moisture absorption rate of 1.48%. Humidity and heat have little effect on the bending modulus of CFRP laminates but have some effect on the bending strength, which decreases by 13.23% compared with normal temperature and dry conditions. The flexural strength and average energy absorption of CFRP reinforced foam sandwich structure decreased by 11.5% and 5.56% under hot and humid environments. The flexural fracture of the CFRP foam sandwich structure is smooth under normal temperatures and dry conditions. Many fibers are pulled out, and the resin falls off, obviously under hot and humid environments. The stratification of CFRP panels and foam cores in hot and humid environments is more obvious than in dry conditions at normal temperatures.
Polyether-functionalized ionic liquid-assisted Rh-AMPP-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of ketopantoyl lactone to D-(−)-pantolactone
Authors: Yin Yingchun , Jin Xin
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the reaction of chiral Rh-AMPP catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketopantoyl lactone to D-(-)pantolactone under a polyether guanidinium salt ionic liquid ([Me(EO)16TMG][OMs])/toluene homogeneous catalytic system was investigated. The impact of polyether ionic liquid doping on the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity was investigated. To separate and recycle chiral Rh-AMPP catalysts, a “homogeneous catalytic-liquid/solid separation” system on the basis of [Me(EO)16TMG][OMs] was constructed. The catalytic system exhibited high catalytic activity, enantioselectivity, and long-term stability, and no obvious reduction in enantioselectivity was found after four cycles.
Preparation of shrimp shell powder-PVDF filtration membrane and its application in oil-water separation
Authors: Fang Xia , Xia Mengsheng , Chen Yan
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the problem of ship-related oily wastewater discharge has escalated due to the growing ship trade. Consequently, the hydrophobic modification of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes has gained significant traction within the oil-water separation technology domain as a potential solution. This study presents a new membrane composed of shrimp shell powder, tannic acid (TA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and PVDF with excellent hydrophilicity and micro-nano porosity. The preparation method is simple, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly. Shrimp shell powder is beneficial to modify the hydrophobic PVDF membrane. The strongly adhesive TA-PVA complex helps to improve the durability of shrimp shell powder in TA-PVA-PVDF membranes. Shrimp shell powder was evenly coated on the PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane by vacuum filtration to prepare the TA-PVA-PVDF filter membrane with superhydrophilic-underwater hydrophobicity. The initial efficiency of the emulsified oil-water mixture in the separation experiments reached 99.5%. Furthermore, even after conducting 10 repeated experiments, the separation efficiency remained consistently high at 96.1%.
Study on the optimal hydrogen production rate for the preparation of Mo-Co bimetallic catalysts
Authors: Liu Lidong , Wei Yongsheng
Published: June 2024

In the process of preparing Mo-Co bimetallic catalysts, the parameters involved in the experimental process all affect the experimental performance to varying degrees. Since the laws of the influence of these parameter variables on the experimental performance interact with each other, it is difficult to theoretically find a suitable functional relationship to describe them, and thus the optimization strategy of the experimental performance varies from person to person, which is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently. Therefore, by taking the hydrogen production rate as the optimization objective, obtaining the relationship between each experimental parameter factor and the experimental performance index, and finding out the law and trend of the influence of each factor on the experimental index, the optimal combination of each factor level can be obtained. In this paper, during the preparation of Mo-Co bimetallic catalysts, several sets of orthogonal experiments were carried out to determine the hydrogen production rate under a variety of reaction parameters, and the correlation between each experimental parameter and the hydrogen production rate was investigated by various methods. Finally, the experimental parameters affecting the hydrogen production rate and their significant influence degree were obtained, and the optimal hydrogen production rate was further found.
Fabrication and characterization of UTSA-16 metal-organic frameworks with excellent adsorption performances on CO2
Authors: Zhang Xiangmei , Wang Chunlai , Li Xinbo , Sun Yuan , Lv Li
Published: June 2024

In this research, two distinct UTSA-16 metal-organic frameworks were synthesized using the solvothermal method. These frameworks were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET, and TGA. Both materials had complete structures, regular morphologies, and superior specific surface areas. At 25°C and 1 bar, UTSA-16 (Co) demonstrated a maximum CO2 adsorption ability of 183 mg/g, while UTSA-16 (Zn) demonstrated a maximum CO2 adsorption ability of 161 mg/g. These findings present a development of MOFs with excellent adsorption performances on CO2 and simplified preparation processes.
Significantly improved electrical conductivity and cycling stability of manganese dioxide by poly (3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) coating
Authors: Chai Penghao , Nie Yuelin , Bao Lixia , Peng Jiong , Li Xin
Published: June 2024

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is widely acknowledged as a prospective pseudocapacitive material aimed at alleviating the issue of low energy density in supercapacitors. Nevertheless, hampered by its intrinsic low conductivity and poor structural stability, MnO2-based energy storage materials often exhibit lower practical capacity in practical applications. During this investigation, the synthesis of MnO2@PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) composite materials involved an in-situ oxidative polymerization approach, whereby PEDOT nanowires were integrated onto the MnO2 nanoparticle surface. Notably, the internal configuration of the MnO2@PEDOT composite material demonstrated a high surface area morphology, while the externally entwined PEDOT nanowire layer further expanded the material’s specific surface area. As a result, the MnO2@PEDOT composite material demonstrated a specific capacitance reaching 214 F g-1, a 91% improvement compared to unmodified MnO2. Furthermore, the winding of PEDOT nanowires effectively suppressed the structural disintegration of MnO2. The MnO2@PEDOT composite material exhibited a remarkable improvement in cycling stability, maintaining 81% of its initial capacity after 5000 cycles. The electron-rich PEDOT not only improved the conductivity of the inner MnO2 through electron migration but also prevented MnO2 structural degradation by tightly enveloping it. The outcomes of our study propose a method for constructing MnO2 featuring a structurally stable configuration and a prolonged cycling lifespan, offering valuable insights for designing electrode materials with high cycling stability in supercapacitors.
Effect of cell sintering temperature on the performance of non-noble metal loaded cerium oxide SOEC anodes
Authors: Li Ziyong , Huang Qingdan , Wang Tingyan , Huang Huihong , Song Haoyong
Published: June 2024

Introducing methane oxidation reaction into the anode of the high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) can reduce the power consumption for water electrolysis. Compared to the traditional conditions of methane oxidation, the methane oxidation catalyst sintered at the SOEC anode, which is closely related to the cell sintering process. This study uses non-noble metals as active sites for methane oxidation, zirconia, and samarium oxides doped ceria as catalyst support and oxygen ion conductors. The effects of anode sintering temperature on the electrochemical performance of SOEC assisted by methane oxidation were investigated. The results indicate that the high-temperature sintering process promotes the performance of the SOEC anode with Ni as the active site, while high temperature harms the performance of the Co-loaded anode. The sintering temperature exhibits a poor effect on the Fe-loaded anode. The Ni exhibits good enhancement of methane oxidation on reducing the electrolysis voltage of SOEC, while Co only exhibits methane oxidation assistance at low-temperature sintering. Differently, Fe has almost no obvious methane oxidation assistance for SOEC, which mainly represents good oxygen evolution performance.
Simulation of tensile fatigue crack propagation in carbon fiber unidirectional laminates under progressive fatigue damage model
Authors: Yu Shengjie , Gai Di , Zhang Lei , Zhao Zheng , Yao Zhipeng , Yang Shiyu
Published: June 2024

This paper predicts and analyzes the tensile fatigue crack propagation of carbon fiber reinforced unidirectional laminates at high-stress levels using the carbon fiber stiffness strength degradation formula. The results show that different paving modes significantly affect crack propagation and stress distribution. Under the 45° layup, two cracks appeared. The upper crack expanded along the fiber direction, and the lower crack first appeared as a horizontal crack at the constrained end and then along the fiber direction. Under 0° layering, vertical cracks appear at the prefabricated crack tip, and the crack direction is the same as the loading direction. At a -45° layup, two cracks appeared at the prefabricated crack tip, and then the lower crack extended to the integral separation of the test piece. In addition, the strain characteristic analysis shows that the strain increases and decreases rapidly during crack propagation. This study has a certain reference value for further understanding of fatigue crack propagation characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced composites.
Effect of proton irradiation dose rate and implanted hydrogen ions on spinodal decomposition in thermally aged EQ308L stainless steel weld metal
Authors: Li Yuanfei , Peng Jianchao , Yin Jian , Liang Xue , Yang Xiaofeng , Xu Chaoliang , Jia Wenqing , Quan Qiwei , Qian Wangjie , Liu Xiangbing , Liu Wenqing
Published: June 2024

Stainless steel welds with a ferritic phase are extensively utilized in nuclear power plants. Spinodal decomposition stands as the primary factor contributing to the degradation of their service performance. Ion irradiation has been widely employed to investigate the damage behavior of materials. However, varying irradiation parameters, such as dose rate and implanted ions, are believed to result in significant differences in the extent of spinodal decomposition. In this paper, proton irradiation experiments were conducted at different dose rates on thermally aged EQ308L stainless steel welds. Spinodal decomposition within the ferrite at various radiation depths was compared and analyzed by using atom probe tomography to unveil the effects of dose rate and implanted hydrogen ions. The results reveal that, under conditions of high dose rate irradiation, spinodal decomposition can be partially alleviated when compared to the initial thermally aged state. Conversely, under low dose rate irradiation conditions, spinodal decomposition exhibits an enhancement trend. This difference may be attributed to the interplay between irradiation-enhanced diffusion and atomic mixing. Therefore, the dose rate significantly influences the progression of spinodal decomposition. Furthermore, implanted hydrogen ions may also inhibit spinodal decomposition within the ferrite, potentially by promoting the recombination of irradiation defects.
Molecular insights into the self-assembly of Janus nanoparticles obtained from coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Jiyu , Li Zhen
Published: June 2024

Grafting polymeric chains onto surfaces of nanoparticles generates amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) that can self-assemble into a variety of well-ordered and/or functional nanostructures. The self-assembly structures of JNPs can be designed by the manipulation of grafting schemes, but only if the self-assembly rule can be well understood. By using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations, we investigated the self-assembly process and morphology of triblock JNPs with varying chain lengths, chain ratios, and grafting topology. The HTH type of JNPs which possesses a middle hydrophobic block and two terminal hydrophilic blocks tends to aggregate into film structures via a shoulder-by-shoulder packing mode. The THT (Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic) type of JNPs is likely to form string structures via a head-to-head packing mode. The self-assembled film structures and string structures can be further regulated by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic chain ratio and length, forming rigid flakes, vesicles, porous structures, and so forth. Based on the molecular insights revealed by the example models, some plausible rules and strategies for tuning the self-assembly of nanoparticles are discussed in this paper. They are expected to facilitate future studies on the application of chemical self-assembly in materials science.
Mechanical and magnetic properties of Fe33Co28Ni28Ta5Al6 high entropy alloy fabricated by selective laser melting
Authors: Dong Peilin , Huang Liufei , Yang Qiuju , Zhong Zhiyong , Li Jinfeng
Published: June 2024

Selective laser melting (SLM) can obtain metal magnetic materials with specific shapes and good mechanical properties, which has potential application value in the field of engineering. In this study, the soft-magnetic high-entropy alloy (HEA) Fe33Co28Ni28Ta5Al6 was prepared via SLM. The microstructure, mechanical, and magnetic properties of the sample are investigated. The sample consists of a single face-centered-cubic (FCC) phase. The tensile yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation of the sample are 752 MPa, 1067 MPa, and 27% respectively. Furthermore, the sample has a low coercivity of 970 A m−1, moderate saturation magnetization of 1.17 T, and high electrical resistivity of 121 μΩ cm. This work would provide a pathway for the rapid manufacturing high-performance soft-magnetic HEA.
Infrared radiation suppression and mechanical properties characterization of aluminum/glass/polysiloxane coatings
Authors: Qi Lun , Yuan Le , Chen Sixuan , Zhu Qiyun , Wu Xueyu
Published: June 2024

The coatings (polysiloxane, flake aluminum, and glass powder) mechanical and infrared properties were analyzed in detail. The hardness, adhesion, surface roughness, SEM, and infrared thermal imager were used to evaluate the infrared radiation suppression and mechanical performance. The influences of coatings structure (pigment/adhesive ratio, function filler, and solvent content) on infrared emissivity were analyzed through theory and experiment. The coating hardness increased as the temperature increased due to the decomposition of the adhesive. The adhesion analysis showed an “M” type trend due to the functional powder and structure of the coating. Moreover, the coating infrared radiation suppression was also analyzed after thermal and chilling shock resistance.
Study on the decay behavior of a flexible sensor based on silver fiber fabrics
Authors: Bi Shumin , Wang Faquan , Shi Dong , Wang Xiaoning , Jia Qingxiu
Published: June 2024

Flexible sensors are affected by various external factors during their use, such as water, thermal oxidation, and ultraviolet light, which causes a decrease in their sensitivity, but little research has been done in this area. This paper investigates the effects of washing, acid, ultraviolet, and thermal oxidation treatments on flexible sensors made of silver fiber fabrics, and the sensitivity and sensing performance before and after the treatments are compared. The findings show that the flexible sensor in use has a broad response range (0–70%) and strong stability (>1000 cycles). The sensitivity decreased significantly after washing, acid treatment, UV treatment, and thermal oxidation treatment but maintained good stability after 1000 tensile cycle tests.
Effect of Zr content on microstructure and mechanical properties of MoNbTaTiZrx refractory high-entropy alloy
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Li Yuanhao
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore how Zr content affects the crystal structure, micro-morphology, and mechanical properties of (MoNbTaTi) 100-xZrx alloys (x = 5,15,25). The results reveal that with the varying Zr contents, the alloy changes from a single-phase solid solution structure of Zr5 to a solid solution structure of Zr15 and Zr25 with a double BCC phase. Higher Zr levels lead to more pronounced elemental segregation, particularly, which makes Zr element enriched in the interdendritic region, and with the increase of segregation degree, the second phase separates between dendrites. In other words, Zr and Ti elements are densely distributed in the BCC2 phase. With the formation of the BCC2 phase, the mechanical properties of the alloy also changed obviously. Notably, as the Zr content rises, the alloy’s hardness and strength improve, while its ductility initially decreases before subsequently increasing. The Zr15 alloy was in a transition period of a two-phase structure, and the two-phase structure was not stable at this time, which led to a decrease in the plasticity of the alloy. The yield strength of Zr25 alloy is 1595 Mpa, the Vickers hardness is 542 HV, and the compressive fracture strain is 29%, showing the best comprehensive properties.
Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 for dental caries prevention
Authors: Pan Ge , Zhang Miaomiao , Duan Qian
Published: June 2024

Cavities, commonly caused by bacteria metabolic acid in dental plaque, pose a prevalent dental problem. This study investigates the use of biocompatible zeolitic imidazolate framework 67 (ZIF-67) for cavities. ZIF-67 exhibits strong metal-binding properties and a large surface area. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) are responsible for dental plaque and cavities. In vitro studies have demonstrated that ZIF-67 could effectively inhibit S. mutans. Experimental evidence reveals that ZIF-67 can disrupt pathogen cell walls, resulting in leakage of DNA and RNA. Additionally, ZIF-67 inhibits biofilm formation on tooth surfaces without cytotoxicity on mammalian gingival fibroblast cells. These findings demonstrate the promising potential of ZIF-67 in preventing cavities and their biomedical applications.
Determination of the degree of molar substitution of hydroxypropyl cellulose by gas chromatography
Authors: Chen Xiangyu , Hao Di , Wu Yanan , Ai Tianxi , Zhang Yongqin
Published: June 2024

We have improved the gas chromatography (GC) method with the aid of 1H NMR to determine the degree of molar substitution (MS) of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). This improvement relied on our established dissolution approach for low-substituted HPC, facilitating NMR determination and subsequently expanding the working range of the MS determination from the lower limit of USP specified as 53.4% to 9.3% (MS 0.2). In this method, 2-iodopropane was produced by the reaction of hydroiodic acid with HPC at high-temperature and then measured by GC. 1H NMR was used for the correction of GC method. The MS results via the GC method (MSGC) exhibited a linear correlation with those obtained by the 1H NMR method (MSNMR), with correction equation of MSNMR=1.8026MSGC - 0.2046 (R2 = 0.9979). Method validation results showed that the average recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD) of MS are 103.5% and 0.83%, respectively. Detection limit and quantitation limit were 0.08 and 0.26, respectively. This method is accurate, sensitive with good precision, which is of great value for the production, research and development, and application of HPC, particularly the low-substituted HPC.
Study of Silicon Photomultiplier external cross-talk
Authors: Guan Y. , Anfimov N. , Cao G. , Xie Z. , Dai Q. , Fedoseev D. , Kuznetsova K. , Rybnikov A. , Selyunin A. , Sotnikov A.
Published: June 2024

ptical cross-talk is a critical characteristic of Silicon
Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and represents a significant source of the
excess noise factor, exerting a substantial influence on detector
performance. During the avalanche process of SiPMs, photons
generated can give rise to both internal cross-talk within the same
SiPM and external cross-talk when photons escape from one SiPM and
trigger avalanches in others. In scenarios where SiPMs are arranged
in a compact configuration and positioned facing each other, the
external cross-talk could even dominate the cross-talk
phenomenon. This paper investigates two distinct methods for
measuring external cross-talk: the counting method, which involves
operating SiPMs face-to-face and measuring their coincident signals,
and the reflection method, which employs a highly reflective film
attached to the surface of the SiPMs. External cross-talk
measurements have been conducted on several types of SiPMs,
including Vacuum Ultra-Violet (VUV) sensitive SiPMs that Fondazione
Bruno Kessler (FBK) and Hamamatsu Photonics Inc (HPK) produced for
nEXO as well as visible-sensitive SiPMs provided by FBK, HPK and
SensL Technologies Ltd (SenSL) for JUNO-TAO. The results reveal a
significant presence of external cross-talk in all tested SiPMs,
with HPK's SiPMs exhibiting a dominant external cross-talk component
due to the implementation of optical trenches that effectively
suppress internal cross-talk. Furthermore, we found that the number
of fired SPADs resulting from internal cross-talk can be described
by combining Geometric and Borel models for all tested SiPMs, while
the external cross-talk can be predicted using a pure Borel
model. These distinct probability distributions lead to different
excess noise factors, thereby impacting the detector performance in
varying ways.
Cone-beam computed laminography with anisotropic adaptive weighted total variation minimization based on the framework of the Chambolle-Pock algorithm
Authors: Tang Haowei , Liu Yi , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Shu , Liu Yu , Gui Zhiguo
Published: June 2024

Cone-beam computed laminography (CL) is still a very
challenging problem for the inspection of thin-plate objects. Since
CL projections are incomplete, the reconstructed images always
suffer from severe aliasing and blurring in the z direction. To
mitigate this problem, we propose an anisotropic adaptive weighted
total variation (AAwTV) reconstruction model, which takes the edge
properties between adjacent voxels into account and introduces
different weights in different directions. In addition, we solved
the proposed AAwTV using the Chambolle-Pock (CP) framework, since it
has good computational efficiency and stable convergence, and is
often easy to get a satisfactory reconstruction result. Experiments
on simulated PCB phantom and simulated workpiece phantom show that
the proposed algorithm can preserve the detailed features of the
object well, and can effectively suppress inter-slice aliasing and
blurring.
Design of a Fourier-transform spectrometer for detector characterization on CMB polarization telescope
Authors: Meng Shiyan , Liu Yong , Zhou Tianfu , Zhu Yilun , Zhao Hailin , Liu Xiang , Li Xufang , Zhu Zeying , Ling Bili , Yao Ke
Published: June 2024

We present the design of a Fourier-transform spectrometer (FTS) tailored for operation within the frequency range of 75 GHz to 300 GHz, offering a spectral resolution surpassing 2 GHz. This FTS can be used for characterizing detectors on a Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) Polarization Telescope for the observation of CMB B-mode polarization. The FTS instrument is divided into the primary part, housing a Martin-Puplett interferometer (MPI) module, and the coupled part, which incorporates a beam expanding module and a beam steering module. An in-depth performance analysis focusing on the MPI module, involving considerations such as the orientation of the beam splitter, dihedral angle of the roof-top mirrors, and positioning uncertainty of the scanning mirror, has been conducted by using a simulation tool. Results indicate that the spectral characteristic remains unaffected by variations in the Reflection/Transmission ratio of the beam splitter, with any deviation from the 1:1 ratio uniformly decreasing intensity. The impact of dihedral angle errors of roof-top mirrors (below 0.02 degrees) and positioning uncertainty in the scanning mirror (lower than 3 × 10-3 mm) on the system performance is acceptable for the design of the FTS. The beam expanding module is capable of enlarging the output beam of the MPI module to roughly a 150 mm-radius. The beam steering module allows for directional adjustments within the range of +17 degrees to -17 degrees relative to the normal of the target plane. Preliminary testing on the MPI prototype reveals a spectral resolution of 1.5 GHz for the measured frequency.
Preliminary optimization study on the PFA-based GSHCAL for the CEPC
Authors: Hu P. , Qian S. , Cai H. , Chen D.P. , Du D.J. , Fu C.D. , Han J.F. , He D.B. , Hu C. , Hua Z.H. , Li S.Q. , Li W.C. , Liu S. , Liu Y. , Qin L.S. , Ren J. , Ruan M.Q. , Sui Z.X. , Sun X.Y. , Tang G. , Wang Y.X. , Wang Z.L. , Wen Y.F. , Yang D. , Yin S.H. , Zhang M.H. , Zhu Y.
Published: June 2024

Precision measurements of properties of the Higgs, W and Z bosons are the key scientific goals at future e
+
e
- Higgs factories. A main challenge for these goals is to fulfill an unprecedented jet energy resolution, and the design of the hadronic calorimeter (HCAL) is found to be one of the most important factors. The conceptual design of high-granularity glass scintillator hadronic calorimeter (GSHCAL) has been proposed recently, which can achieve a Boson Mass Resolution (BMR) of around 3.38% with an initial parameter configuration and show great potential to significantly increase the sensitivities to the most physics measurements at future e^+e^- colliders. Nevertheless, more studies on the design optimization of the GSHCAL are necessary to balance the key physics performance (i.e. the BMR) and the cost, as well as the engineering complexity. In this paper, the optimizations for several key parameters of the GSHCAL are discussed and different GSHCAL configurations are compared, which provide an important reference for the GSHCAL design. Besides, the R&D progress of high-performance and large-area glass scintillators is also introduced.
The Effect of Fractionation Temperature Using Spinning Band Distillation on the Myristicin Content of Nutmeg Oil (Myristica fragrans)
Authors: Tutuarima Tuti , Noor Erliza , Rusli Meika S. , Setyaningsih Dwi , Nurjanah Sarifah
Published: June 2024

Myristicin is the main compound in nutmeg oil which has potential as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative. Miristicin can be obtained through the fractionation distillation process. Fractionated distillation generally requires very high columns to get better results. Spinning band distillation is one of the separation methods built on the principle of simple fractionated distillation with further improved processing efficiency. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fractionated temperature on the yield and content of myristicin. This experiment used a pressure of 15 mmHg, a reflux ratio of 5:1, and an equilibration time of 10 minutes. This study used 3 types of experiments with the treatment of differences in fractionated temperature ranges. Each experiment was divided into 4 fractions with different temperature ranges. The results showed that myristicin evaporates at temperatures above 230 °C (AET). The fractionation process under suitable operating conditions can result in high yields and concentrations of myristicin.
Assurance of Halal Beef Products Using a Traceability System in Enterprise Resource Planning Applications
Authors: Kusnadi Adhi , Arkeman Yandra , Syamsu Khaswar , Hartono Wijaya Sony
Published: June 2024

This research addresses the critical issue of maintaining consumer trust in the halal products within the Indonesian context, specifically focusing on beef products. Recognizing the vulnerability of halal products and counterfeit certificates, the study proposes an innovative solution through the implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) application. This application is designed to trace and monitor the halal beef supply chain, aligning with the certification standards set by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). The choice of beef as the subject of this study stems from its high susceptibility to counterfeiting and the complexity of its supply chain. The research utilizes an ERP system for its comprehensive enterprise-level management capabilities, including aspects of purchasing, inventory, and manufacturing. This technology integration aims to address the challenges in tracing halal beef products from their origin to the consumer (upstream to downstream), ensuring compliance with halal requirements and optimizing the supply chain. Methodologically, the development of this traceability system adheres to the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), employing a modified waterfall model. The system’s efficacy is evaluated through Blackbox testing, demonstrating its capability to effectively track the journey of halal beef products. It ensures validation at each stage of the supply chain in accordance with MUI’s halal certification criteria and provides rapid tracking capabilities in emergency situations. In conclusion, this study presents a significant technological innovation in the field of halal product assurance. It offers an integrated solution that combines information technology and management principles to uphold the integrity of halal products, thereby safeguarding consumer trust and supporting the reputation of conscientious manufacturers in Indonesia.
Optimizing Powdered Tea Inventory with Time Series: Mitigating Environmental Impact through Paper Sack Usage Reduction
Authors: Panjaitan Nismah , Deswanti Sihombing Clarisa
Published: June 2024

Tea is the most widely consumed and traded commodity worldwide, even serving as a livelihood for farmers in various countries. However, the tea industry needs to innovate in facing increasingly urgent environmental challenges, particularly related to the use of papersacks in addressing the potential stockpiling of inventory. This research provides a foundation for minimizing negative impacts on the environment, with a focus on reducing the excessive use of papersacks due to stockpiling. In line with environmental awareness, the study shows that more accurate forecasting can help companies plan production more efficiently, avoiding overproduction, and reducing the ecological impact of papersack usage. Thus, the research’s goal is to promote sustainability in tea production by reducing the excessive use of papersacks through improved planning.
Improving Tea Powder Production Productivity through the Implementation of Environmental Friendly Principles
Authors: Panjaitan Nismah , Vinesa Natalia Siallagan Uli
Published: June 2024

The powdered tea production industry is a crucial sector within the global food and beverage industry. However, the rapid growth in consumer demand has given rise to significant environmental challenges, including deforestation, excessive use of natural resources, and hazardous waste. This research addresses how the application of environmentally friendly principles in the powdered tea production process can effectively enhance productivity while reducing negative environmental impacts. We explore sustainable technology strategies, waste management, and agricultural practices in the context of powdered tea production. The concise articulation of these research findings offers valuable insights for companies and producers seeking to embrace a more sustainable approach in powdered tea production.
Community development of a business ecosystem in planting media commodities (Goatthai) with One Village One CEO Program: a case study of Cianjur
Authors: Purwawangsa H , Slamet A S , Prawiro B P , Isbayu M , Irfany M I , Haq D A
Published: June 2024

In challenging economic conditions, with 11.74 million urban residents and 14.16 million rural residents in poverty as of March 2023, innovation in natural resource management is critical. This study investigates how the agricultural community in Sukanagalih, Cianjur, uses husk charcoal to create sustainable and economically beneficial planting media. This study discovered that economic necessities has driven farmers in Sukanagalih to develop and use husk charcoal as a planting medium, not only for the domestic market but also for the international market, using a survey approach with purposive selection. Community income increased significantly, from IDR 1,450,000 in 2019 to IDR 3,300,000 in 2021, supported by assistance in husk charcoal production, packaging branding, and marketing network expansion through the “One Village One CEO” program. These findings demonstrate that community empowerment through innovation and business assistance is the key to developing a sustainable and profitable business ecosystem.
Designing a Business Model for Start-up Development of Downstream Wetland Products Based on Design Thinking
Authors: Heryani Hesty , Yanti Noor Ridha , Irawansyah Herry , Wiranda Nuruddin , Rizky Baskara Andreyan
Published: June 2024

Wetland in South Kalimantan, especially swamp land, covers 6.07% of the land area. Wetland base products need to be accommodated in a start-up by providing a business design model accommodating many users. The research aimed at designing a business model accompanied by monetization to become a reliable start-up specifically for wetland commodities applying the concept of design thinking. The methodology began with conducting a needs analysis, determining an issue strategy, creating a demand design using the Analytical Network Process, establishing a Hierarchial Task Analysis for idea development and product design, conducting brainstorming, followed by further analysis until creating a Business Model applying five design thinking concepts, namely empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The application built based on the business model was named Hiyung Wonderful Wetland, Lambung Mangkurat University (HW2 ULM). Analysis of user needs included Admins, Innovators, Partners who were individual consumers/wholesalers, material providers and for monetization purposes. Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) started from identifying to determine what entities used in the diagram, then determining the entities having relationships, followed by adding attributes and determining key attributes for each entity. After carrying out the empathize, define, ideate stages towards users, a prototype was produced with a wireframe design starting from the start page, registration, main page, consultation page, chat page schedule, pay page to forum page. The application of the Test concept was still being verified towards target validation. The visualization (UI) and Application part involves the user’s feelings when operating a digital product (UX) likewise with the back end having high security. User recommendations are that the HW2 ULM Prototype can be tested immediately to be eligible to obtain a license.
Lighting layout design at cigarette paper packaging station for energy efficiency (Case study in a Cigarette Paper Company)
Authors: Anizar A , Nurliza E , Ayuningsih N , Pratamasari N
Published: June 2024

Lighting plays a crucial role in achieving the targeted performance in the cigarette paper inspection department. The inspection process, which involves assessing paper quality for evenness, cleanliness, and symmetry, falls short of the goal of 77 reams per worker per shift. Illuminance levels currently average 55 lux, significantly below the recommended standard of 200 lux. This insufficient illumination leads to a failure to meet the required 178,200 lumens, resulting in the unmet cigarette paper production target. To address this issue, two alternatives are proposed. The first involves replacing the existing lamps with a different type and reorganizing the lamp layout. This layout adheres to the principle of uniformity and spacing criteria, resulting in the placement of seven lamps with a 4.08-meter gap between each. This arrangement ensures that lighting is concentrated directly above the packaging table and evenly distributed throughout the room. The second alternative is to augment the existing lighting by adding lamps to the packaging tables, each with a luminous flux of 200 lumens. These lamps can be conveniently attached to the table leaves and adjusted to suit the workers’ specific needs. These proposed changes aim to improve lighting conditions and subsequently enhance productivity in the cigarette paper inspection department.
Existing Condition Analysis and Business Models Identification of Rice Farmer Corporation in Subang Regency
Authors: Muhammad Hasbulloh Bubun , Suparno Ono , Anggraeni Elisa , Taryana Asep , Pramuhadi Gatot
Published: June 2024

The transformation of rice farmers from farmer groups to a corporate business entity necessitates their ability to meet rice productivity targets and implement a sustainable business model. This study aimed to analyze the current conditions of rice farmer corporations, including their rice production performance, added value, and business models. Initially, the performance of these corporations was assessed by comparing it to rice productivity targets. Subsequently, the Hayami method was used to analyze the added value generated by the farmers. Furthermore, the existing business model of the rice farmer corporation was described, and the canvas business model method was employed to identify elements that impact the sustainability of the rice business. The research was conducted in the rice agro-industry center locations in Subang Regency. Rice productivity still lower than target, it is crucial to prioritize post-harvest handling as it plays a vital role in minimizing crop yield losses. The findings of the value-added analysis conducted within the company obtained is good and indicate that both processing procedures have the potential to create additional value. In order for this business activity to function effectively, certain resources are required. To ensure the stability of this business, partnerships are essential, benefiting both the corporation and its partners. Moreover, the development of a business model is expected to enhance the role of rice farmer corporations in promoting the growth of national rice production.