bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discerning differences: Ion beam analysis of ancient faience from Naukratis and Rhodes
Authors: Meek Andrew , Bouquillon Anne , Lehuédé Patrice , Masson Aurélia , Villing Alexandra , Pierrat-Bonnefois Geneviève , Webb Virginia
Published: July 2020

Faience technology was known in Egypt since the Predynastic Period and practiced for a period also in Bronze Age Greece, but, having been lost, was reintroduced to the Greek world only in the first half of the first millennium BC. The Greek island of Rhodes and the Greek-Egyptian trade harbour of Naukratis in the Nile Delta are suspected to be key centres of early Greek-style faience production, exporting amulets and vessels across the Mediterranean region. Yet the nature and scale of their production and their role in technology transfer, vis-à-vis Egyptian and Levantine/Phoenician production, remain little understood. The main aim of this study was to discover whether it is possible to define chemical characteristics for the faience produced and found at Naukratis, and to use this data to differentiate between artefacts produced here and elsewhere.A programme of ion beam (PIXE and PIGE) analysis was conducted under the CHARISMA transnational access scheme, known to be a suitable tool for studying ancient vitreous artefacts as it provides a non-destructive means of obtaining precise and accurate quantitative compositional data. Both the internal body of damaged objects as well as the outer glaze layer were analysed, of which only the latter are discussed here. The results of this study indicate that the faience found at both Naukratis and on Rhodes is compositionally similar. However, some small differences were found in the raw materials used in its production which may help us to better characterise the production of different faience manufacturing centres.
Characterisation of metallic mordants in Subarctic Athapaskan quillwork: a PIXE-RBS study on replicate samples
Authors: Troalen Lore , Calligaro Thomas , Pacheco Claire , Hulme Alison N.
Published: July 2020

Native American quillwork collections remain little studied due to the limited availability of quillwork material for sampling. In this paper we explore the use of non-invasive Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) to characterise metallic residues in a set of modern porcupine quills prepared with a range of metallic mordants. PIXE analysis was used to determine the concentrations of various mordants present, while RBS analysis allowed additional information on the depth-profiling of the mordants at the surface of the quills to be obtained.
Les cuirs dorés polychromes et le multi-accès FIXLAB CHARISMA : genèse d’une recherche innovante
Authors: Robinet Laurianne , Bonnot-Diconne Céline , Pacheco Claire , Radepont Marie , Fournet Jean-Pierre , Paris Mariabianca , Ioele Marcella
Published: July 2020

L’accès à de grands instruments au travers du programme européen CHARISMA a permis d’initier un programme de recherche sur les cuirs dorés polychromes s’appuyant sur une méthodologie analytique innovante avec une équipe pluridisciplinaire. Ce type de décors, principalement fabriqués entre le xvie et le xviiie siècle en Europe, est rarement signé. Leur datation et leur provenance sont donc actuellement déduites le plus souvent de leur facture et de leurs caractères stylistiques. L’utilisation combinée des analyses PIXE et RBS sur l’accélérateur AGLAE et de la ligne infrarouge du synchrotron SOLEIL a permis d’analyser les différents composés présents dans ces œuvres : cuir, vernis, feuille d’argent. Les recherches se sont ensuite focalisées sur la caractérisation de l’argent à partir d’un corpus d’échantillons pour tenter de trouver des marqueurs permettant une meilleure classification de ces œuvres et une meilleure compréhension des dégradations observées. L’article expose les principales étapes de cette recherche qui a pour objectif une plus grande connaissance des techniques de fabrication ouvrant vers des identifications plus précises des œuvres et de meilleures approches de conservation.
Les restes humains « patrimonialisés » et la loi
Authors: Cornu Marie
Published: July 2020

Le processus de patrimonialisation du corps humain soulève des questions complexes sur le double terrain du droit et de l’éthique, qui se rapportent tant au statut des restes humains qu’à leur traitement juridique et scientifique. Si le droit les considère comme des « choses » indisponibles, cette condition n’exclut pas leur conservation dans une institution patrimoniale, dans des termes qui relèvent davantage de la déontologie que du droit.
Les restes humains au conservatoire d’anatomie de la faculté de médecine de Montpellier
Authors: Ducourau Caroline
Published: July 2020

La faculté de médecine de l’Université de Montpellier abrite une collection anatomique d’importance, présentée dans une galerie majestueuse construite à cet effet à la moitié du xixe siècle. L’origine de cette collection date des dernières années de la Révolution française, qui fut une période de profonde réforme de l’enseignement de la médecine et de la chirurgie, avec la création en 1794 de trois Écoles de Santé en France (Paris, Strasbourg et Montpellier), accompagnées chacune d’un conservatoire comprenant un cabinet d’anatomie destiné à l’enseignement pratique. La collection, qui est constituée quasiment pour une moitié de restes humains relatifs à l’anatomie humaine normale et pathologique, s’enrichit au cours des xixe et xxe siècles par l’activité même de l’École pratique d’anatomie et de chirurgie, et grâce aux nombreux dons de professeurs ou de chirurgiens. Elle est ainsi un témoignage remarquable des méthodes d’enseignement de l’anatomie avant l’avènement moderne de « l’anatomie du vivant ».
Musée de l’Arles antique : promouvoir une réflexion globale sur les collections ostéo-archéologiques
Authors: de Larquier Nicolas
Published: July 2020

Le musée départemental Arles antique (MDAA) est reconnu pour la qualité de sa prise en charge du mobilier dès sa sortie de fouille afin de permettre sa bonne conservation et faciliter son étude. Si les procédures de traitement des artefacts sont arrêtées, dans le respect des normes, le traitement des restes humains repose, lui, sur un examen au cas par cas, avec le souci de répondre au mieux aux problématiques soulevées par chaque ensemble ostéologique. Cet article est l’occasion d’exercer un retour critique sur les choix du musée pour améliorer encore sa gestion des ossements humains dans un contexte où l’État n’a pas défini de procédure stricte.
Delta Change
Authors: Hoffman John L. , Hernández Susana
Published: July 2020

Within the context of a fast-evolving environment, leaders enhance their capacity to respond to exponential change by attending to enduring ideas and big questions. For higher education leaders, a core asset is the diversity of their institutions. In this chapter, the authors first examine the landscape of current and forecasted changes related to enrollment, technology, the 2020 global pandemic, and impending leadership succession. This sets up a discussion of critical climate challenges regarding the cost of higher education and the value of job skills. The perceived value proposition for higher education is further complicated by concerns regarding the political influence of colleges and universities on their students. Whereas these landscape and environment analyses could lead to concerns regarding future, we have cause to be optimistic. Within the context of political polarization, leaders will need to be advocates of inclusive equity and stewards of both deeply held academic ideals and pragmatic strategies that ensure students success and preparation for careers.
Nails on a Chalkboard
Authors: Cambiano Renée L. , Murphy Jacob A. , Eversole Dana
Published: July 2020

This chapter examines faculty leadership from the perspective of the historical context, the role of faculty, the current landscape of faculty leadership, the critical climate of higher education, and looking into the future. The authors provide a plan to foster faculty leadership through the Trilateral Mentorship Model and the CEM Leadership Framework to facilitate institutional leaders in preparing and cultivating the next generation of faculty leaders. Through these models, silos will start to diminish.
From the Halls of Harvard to the Age of the Networker
Authors: Sanford Amy Aldridge , Smith Kellie W.
Published: July 2020

Professional development in U.S. higher education was operationalized with sabbatical leaves for 150 years but has rapidly evolved through five ages since then – from conference attendance during the Age of the Scholar (1950s-60s) to the centrality of centers of teaching and learning in today's Age of the Networker (2000s-2010s). It continues to be influenced by everchanging professoriate and student populations, beginning with the introduction of the GI Bill and in the mid-20th century to the modern dependence of contingent faculty. Over the years, tenure lines have decreased, more students work full time, lawmakers and other stakeholders are more critical of colleges and universities, and students are less prepared academically but are more savvy with social justice. Faculty developers must carefully consider all of these matters when planning for the old standbys (e.g., new faculty orientation, navigating course management systems) and looking to what is needed for the future (e.g., accessible design, self-care, legislative mandates).
Crime and Victimization on College Campuses
Authors: Keller Cari L. , Proctor Amy L.
Published: July 2020

Federal law requires colleges and universities to annually report their crime statistics. Case law further defines what liability these institutions face for failing to adequately and promptly respond to student victimization. Administrators and campus law enforcement should be aware of the factors associated with student victimization and the context in which it takes place. There are several theories found in the criminological literature that can inform these stakeholders. Furthermore, there are specific community policing programs that campus law enforcement can implement to help prevent student victimization within a harm-reduction framework. This chapter discusses crime and victimization on campus, federal reporting requirements, theories of student victimization, and related policy implications for institutions of higher education.
Is Reality Enough for Us?
Authors: Boz Mikail
Published: July 2020

With the development of information technologies in the 20th century, a new type of space in which the social or individual life of the human being is exposed has emerged. More and more individuals are creating a representation of themselves through the avatars they have in these worlds, mostly designed as games. With the advancing technology, there is a possibility that people will be able to carry their entire existence to these spaces in the long run, and it is possible to see examples of this situation in the cinema texts. In Ready Player One, Steven Spielberg focuses on people trying to get rid of their realities and to exist in virtual worlds in a dystopic future. In this study, the related film will be subjected to qualitative content analysis within the framework of the concept of migration and representation to cyberspace. In this way, the migration of individuals to virtual worlds in an effort to get rid of their reality and the effects of this situation in social life as a phenomenon/possibility have been discussed through the film.
Working With New Media on Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility Campaigns
Authors: Ulaş Sevilay
Published: July 2020

The reflections of recent developments in information communication technologies are seen in communication environments. The dramatic rise of new media vehicles is a remarkable point. New media applications are seen in daily life as well as in the process of corporate communication. At this point, it is important to note that corporations cannot be considered separate from their social environments and that they have a responsibility for their society. The social responsibility practices that play an important role in the shareholder communication, which is a part of corporate communication are noteworthy. At this point, the choice of communication means is of great importance in delivering the messages of social responsibility campaigns and creating the desired awareness. It is seen that new media tools and environments are preferred for transmitting the messages of these campaigns. According to this study, it can be seen that social media can be accepted as an effective and efficient communication channels on processing of corporate social responsibility.
Political Consumerism and Social Networking Usage
Authors: Ozgen Ozlen , Sukuroglu Veysel Karani , Akar Basak
Published: July 2020

The main purpose of the study is to reveal the relations between the internet and social media usage and the basic motives behind the actions and engagements of political consumers departing from the thoughts and individual experiences of scholars. Therefore, the study first draws a framework of the political consumer, political consumerism, and the effects of political consumerism. Then it investigates the link between the internet and social media use and the aforementioned concepts. In other words, the purpose of the study is to analyze the extent to which internet and social media use and increase the likelihood of engaging in political consumerism through the method of a case study. As a method of sampling, quota sampling method was chosen. The in-depth interviews were performed in a semi-structured form to maintain the coherence and details. The results of this study and similar studies are thought to be beneficial for improving the quality of life for consumers, corporations, and governments related to agenda setting and policy making.
Technique of Plant Electrical Stimulation by Weak Electric Currents
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Proshkin Yuri , Sokolov Alexander , Kachan Sergey
Published: July 2020

The impact of electricity is described on plant growth and vegetation. The application of the electrical currents is discussed from the point of view of plant cultivation improvement in horticulture. Underlining that the electricity is an abiotic stress stimulant, the electricity use ways classification is given. The application of the electric currents and other similar influences can—directly or indirectly—affect plants causing a series of physiological and biochemical reactions. This technique enables the yield optimization and the fruits quality improvement by regulating the intensity and duration of the exposure according to different types and kinds of vegetables. In the area of an effective technique development of the plant electric stimulation, there are many aspects almost impossible to be taken into account within one experiment. An option for solving such problems is the compilation of the experimental databases, the introduction of the smart control systems, and the management of the technological processes of plant electric stimulation.
Smart Computerized Essay Scoring Using Deep Neural Networks for Universities and Institutions
Authors: Thomas J. Joshua , Wei Lim Ting , Jinila Y. Bevish , Subhashini R.
Published: July 2020

This chapter develops a web-based automated text scoring (ATS) system that can grade essays and check for spelling errors. The main reason behind this work is to alleviate the labour-intensive marking of essays and ensures equality in scoring for high-stakes exams like TOEFL. The researcher had performed a detailed investigation on deep learning techniques used in the field of ATS and developed a recurrent neural network model that can score essays in an end-to-end approach. Using the developed deep learning model, a web application was also developed to showcase the process of ATS by letting the web application to communicate with the trained model. The model was trained using Keras framework and TensorFlow library and the web application was done using the Flask framework. This work is the LSTM network that can capture sequential dependencies. The evaluation metrics chosen to evaluate the model are the quadratic weighted kappa (QWK) score, and the trained model can achieve 0.6 in QWK score.
A Cloud Computing-Based Model for Wildlife Conservation and Health Care Improvement in Endangered Wild Life Animals
Authors: Afzal Shahbaz , Kavitha G. , Dar Amir Ahmad
Published: July 2020

The era of the Information Technology revolution has endeavored mankind with enormous technological comforts. Apart from human health care, cloud computing integrated with other technologies can be exploited for the welfare of endangered wildlife animals that are currently on the verge of facing extinction in the near future. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has declared a huge number of wildlife species into red list falling into 'critically endangered', 'endangered' and 'vulnerable' species because of pathogenic diseases, poaching, habitat degradation, and climate change. The aim of the chapter is to propose a cloud computing based wildlife health care model to preserve, sustain and protect the global wildlife heritage and wildlife conservation by identifying and providing treatment to diseased animals, monitoring their health conditions periodically and protecting against poaching. The proposed health care model makes use of various wearable sensors implanted on and within the body of an animal. The sensors perform data gathering about different body-related parameters to be transmitted to a cloud system for analysis and reporting a required timely action. When a cloud system senses emergency with respect to the health-related or threat-related incident, the information is immediately signaled to wildlife physician and wildlife ranger respectively to act accordingly.
Wireless Technology of Electric Power Transmission Using Non-Metal Conductive Media
Authors: Strebkov Dmitry , Nekrasov Alexey , Nekrasov Anton
Published: July 2020

Over two million kilometers of power grids in Russia exist. They have to be replaced in the coming 15 years. However, nowadays we witness and participate in the development of advanced technologies. New wireless resonant electric-power systems for different power consumers are considered including stationary single-conductor transmission lines and single-trolley and noncontact high-frequency electric transport, using non-metal conductive media. The trends of the future development and application of wireless resonant systems for electric power transmission are described. In the future, electrified mobile robots with external wireless electric power supplies will allow the organization of agricultural production with full automation of technological processes. The chapter describes the method and means for electric power transmission without metal wires. In this case, several components of conventional transmission lines, such as metal wires, insulators, and cables, are excluded, which results in considerable reduction in the equipment cost.
A Framework for Analyzing Structural Mechanisms Deployed to Support Traditional and Agile Methods
Authors: Dolezel Michal , Buchalcevova Alena
Published: July 2020

People rely on structures to make their worlds orderly. This chapter conceptually probes into the problem of the differences between organizational structures deployed in traditional and agile environments. The authors develop an argument that all common forms of organizational entities can be classified by involving a two-dimensional classification scheme. Specifically, they constructed a typology to examine the issues of formal vs. informal authority, and disciplinarity vs. cross-functionality in terms of their significance for traditional and agile software development workplaces. Some examples of concrete organizational forms—including traditional project team, independent test team, self-organizing agile team and developers' community of practice—are discussed. In sum, they argue that by employing this classification scheme, they can theorize the nature of the on-going structural shift observed in conjunction with deploying agile software development methods. They acknowledge that the structures have fundamentally changed, terming the move “democratization” in the software development workplace.
The Role of CSR Reporting Instruments in Increasing the Organization's Management Performance
Authors: Cristache Nicoleta , Diaconu Daniel Constantin , Dobrea Razvan Catalin , Dima Cristina , Draghici Cristian Constantin , Peptenatu Daniel
Published: July 2020

This integrated approach implies a broad approach to monitor the performance of the organization both during its life cycle and on the different social dimensions, from the perspective of the conformity of the management processes in relation to the economic, social, and environmental principles. Currently, the social responsibility reporting is a major challenge for the management of organizations in the context where honesty, transparency, business ethics, are values shared by an entire community. The research involves a process through which a series of correlations between the CSR reporting tools and the organization performance management can be analyzed by highlighting the role of the different reporting variables in the architecture of the performance indicators of the organization. The chapter addresses how a set of CSR reporting indicators can be identified and be integrated into the performance indicators which characterize the sustainability of a company.
A Co-Teaching Insight on SEL Curriculum Development and Implementation
Authors: Smurr Abigail Rose , Cano Candace M.
Published: July 2020

Cano and Smurr became co-teachers and developed a social emotional learning (SEL) supplementary curriculum to use along their mandated English Language Arts curricula in their seventh and eighth grade classes. Through a process of research and development, their primary purpose was to identify the effectiveness of social emotional learning curriculum. This chapter will expand on the implementation and the impact of SEL curriculum created by Cano and Smurr; this curriculum was developed and implemented throughout the 2018-2019 school year and demonstrated student responsiveness towards learning and personal well-being. The SEL curriculum is strongly based off CASEL (Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning) standards: self-efficacy, growth mindset, self-management, social awareness, and self-awareness. The assignments impacted student learning in multiple areas such as an avenue of advocacy for learning needs, normalized stigmatized topics in the classroom, and assistance in student self-reflection and metacognition skills.
Tourism and Peacebuilding From a Holistic Approach
Authors: Aulet Silvia , Tarrés Edgar
Published: July 2020

Sánchez Sánchez and Fernández Herreira raise a reflection on the three dimensions of peace: form a personal dimension and the spiritual sphere, from a social dimension, and form an environmental-natural dimension. Tourism can play a fundamental role as a tool for establishing ties with oneself and with other people to contribute to the development of peace. In this chapter, authors propose to study the different dimensions of the concept of peace by studying the project of Trails for Peace, a project born as a non-profit social entrepreneurial project that integrates different routes around the world that have a special significance for their relationship with some conflict areas. Trails help travelers to know the natural areas and to build inner peace through various spiritual activities. The project helps to promote the welfare of people by involving local communities to foster contact between visitors and tourists and sustainable development. This chapter aims to analyse the impact the project has on the areas where these paths have been developed.
Tourism as an Agent of Peace and Reconciliation in Cross-Strait Relations
Authors: Silva Jorge Tavares da , Breda Zélia
Published: July 2020

There is a non-violent conflict over Taiwan's sovereignty, between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC). For PRC, this division cannot persist forever and does not exclude a possible military solution. While political divisions remain, the population on both sides of the strait interact, existing sociocultural and economic dynamics. These are usually interpreted as people-to-people dynamics, in which individuals act as peace agents or citizen diplomats. Tourism is a good example of this phenomenon, considering the increasing visitor flows between both sides. This dynamism sometimes pressures the political power to transform the conflict, but also acts as a throwing weapon in times of hostility. After 2016, the political landscape in Taiwan changed, and tourism became one of the sectors involved in political tensions. This chapter explores several dimensions of tourism in this conflict, particularly its role in peace and reconciliation between Mainland China and Taiwan, but also its vulnerabilities regarding high-level bilateral relations.
Tourism, Citizenship, and Education
Authors: Dias de Carvalho Adalberto
Published: July 2020

Tourism is not necessarily an activity that contributes to the promotion of peace. Well-known testimonies and criticisms point out their adverse effects and consequent rejection, namely in terms of intensive occupation of territories and tampering with local cultures and identities. These harmful impacts undermine the sustainability of tourism, in its complexity (which imply a harmonious but fragile system of interdependent variables, considering the existence of open and universal hospitality) and multidimensionality (because its variables are of a different, but coherent, nature). In this context, sustainability, as necessary and vulnerable, can be easily threatened by immediate economic interests and by significant gaps in civic awareness and the exercise of citizenship by all or part of the tourism protagonists and responsible. Thus, the importance of an education that takes into account the perspective of universal solidarity, which privileges, among others, the contributions of John Dewey's “cultural criticism” and of interactive constructivism.
Inattention and Hyperactivity in Adults
Authors: Parmar Chirag D. , Patel Krunal H.
Published: July 2020

This chapter focuses on ADHD in the adult population. The authors of this chapter incorporate new developments in existing understanding of the disorder. This chapter includes journey of ‘ADHD diagnosis in adults' to current practice. Understanding of newer aspect of etiological research and its application in identification of adult ADHD is given utmost importance in this chapter. Core parts of the disorder like clinical features, diagnosis, comorbidity, and management are discussed in detail, keeping in mind disease progression from childhood to adulthood. Finally, the authors discussed a lacunae in current scenario and possible future interventions that can improve overall outcome of functional impairments in adults.
Assessment of ADHD for Children, Adolescents, and Adults
Authors: Gupta Aarzoo , Kashyap Archana
Published: July 2020

The chapter highlights the role of comprehensive assessment and its meaningful elements to construe ADHD in terms of diagnosis and management. The cognitive, affective, and behavioral symptoms must not be attributed to emotional or mood disturbance or psycho-social adjustments. The chapter explains an assessment pyramid explaining of multi-level assessment and domains with an acronym of CTP depicting cognitive, temperament, and psychopathology. Assessment may be more precise when a professional has knowledge of developmental theories. Attention hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) entails a detailed assessment, involving varied social agents, to understand the dynamic manifestation of different ages as well as the dysfunction caused by it. The current chapter emphasizes psycho-social factors, comorbidities, and dual-diagnosis issues that may exacerbate or mask the presentation of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults.
Discovering Knowledge by Comparing Silhouettes Using K-Means Clustering for Customer Segmentation
Authors: Akbar Zeeshan , Liu Jun , Latif Zahida
Published: July 2020

A large amount of data is generated every day from different sources. Knowledge extraction is the discovery of some useful and potential information from data that can help to make better decisions. Today's business process requires a technique that is intelligent and has the capability to discover useful patterns in data called data mining. This research is about using silhouettes created from K-means clustering to extract knowledge. This paper implements K-means clustering technique in order to group customers into K clusters according to deals purchased in two different scenarios using evolutionary algorithm for optimization and compare silhouettes for different K values to analyze the improvement in extracted knowledge.
Exploring the Influence of Live Streaming in Mobile Commerce on Adoption Intention From a Social Presence Perspective
Authors: Liu Zixi , Yang Jian , Ling Lin
Published: July 2020

With the rise of live streaming, many internet companies began to carry out the live streaming business, and this system was applied in various fields. Due to the emergence of e-commerce live streaming in recent years, the studies on it are not comprehensive. And for the construction of live streaming of mobile e-commerce, it is rarely considered from the perspective of users' hedonic needs. This study combined with the social presence theory to build a conceptual model explored the impact of this system on users' intention to adopt from the perspective of enjoyment feeling. The results show visual scene positively affects users' perceived enjoyment, visual scene and communication function have positive effect on social presence, social presence has positive effect on perceived enjoyment, and perceived enjoyment positively affects users' adoption intention. Finally, the authors provide practical suggestions and strategies for platform operators and sellers.
Digital Literacy
Authors: Reddy Pritika , Sharma Bibhya , Chaudhary Kaylash
Published: July 2020

Information and communication technologies (ICT) along with the internet have fueled advancements and growth in banking, transportation, economics, and most of all in education in the 21st century. The 21st century citizens are provided with new opportunities that have been created with the advancement of ICT. Hence, individuals need a wide range of abilities, competencies, and skills to adapt to the technological era. This paper provides a literature review of the growing importance of ICT, its wide array of usage, and its influence on various facets of people's daily lives. In addition, the emerging concept of digital literacy through ICT developments, contribution of digital literacy towards the achievement of sustainable development goals, contribution of ICT towards the development of various sectors particularly the education sector, and the work done in this area of digital literacy are summarised. The paper concludes with three new models of digital literacy: four gear model, model for flexible learning, and a model showing the impact of ICT on the learning process.
Value Chain Mapping of Tourism in Birbhum
Authors: Khan Debdip , Banerjee Sudatta
Published: July 2020

Tourism is one of the most enhancing and continuous developing economic sectors throughout the world. The main objective of the study is to develop a proper value chain mapping on Birbhum tourism, along with generation of different strategies for the integration of other variable resources with local communities. The study also aims at developing different maps on tourism value chain along with some distinct sub-chains in the entire Birbhum district. Local development of Birbhum tourism can be possible through proper value chain mapping. Through mapping of proper value chain, Birbhum tourism will gradually develop as a major strength of West Bengal's economic development. In this paper, the authors addressed the relationship between the supply of products from firm level to tourist in the tourist spot and the impact of value chain mapping (VCM). The current work emphasizes on the enhancement of the local tourism through uninterrupted activities of VCM, developing the socio-economic structure of the tourism through flow of proper VCM.
Factors Influencing the Use of Mobile Systems to Access Healthcare Big Data in a Namibian Public Hospital
Authors: Iyamu Tiko , Shaanika Irja
Published: July 2020

The use of mobile systems to access healthcare big data is generally a challenge, but worse in Namibia because the influencing factors are not empirically known in the country. The objective of this study is to examine the factors that can determine and influence the use of mobile systems to access big data within the public healthcare in Namibia. Thus, a Namibian public hospital was used as a case in the study. Qualitative data was collected by using the semi-structured technique. Structuration theory was employed as a lens to guide the analysis of the data. The following factors—mobile systems ease of use, system user training, online consultation, medical history traceability, access to external facilities, practitioner's collaboration, systems decentralisation, and technology infrastructure flexibility—were found to influence the use of mobile systems in accessing healthcare big data for service delivery. Based on the findings, a model was developed. The model is intended to guide hospital managers in the use of mobile systems to access patient big data for service delivery.
Effects of antibiotic replacement with garlic powder and probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, oxidative enzymes and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens
Authors: Rastad Abdolhadi
Published: July 2020

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotic and garlic powder instead of antibiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, oxidative enzymes and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 200 one-day-old male broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design. The experimental groups were including control group (without any additives) or CG, antibiotic group or AG, garlic powder group or GG, probiotic group or PG and garlic powder plus probiotic group or GPG. The broilers were weighted at the end of days 10, 24 and 42 to evaluate the body performance. At the end of experiment, four broilers randomly selected from each replicate to blood sampling and carcass traits measurement (2 chickens for each one). The use of GG significantly decreased feed intake than AG (p < 0.05) which approved in GPG when probiotic added to GG (p < 0.05). All groups, exception GG showed less feed intake than CG between days 0 to 42 of experiment (p < 0.05). GPG shows significant differences than CG between days 21 to 42 and 0 to 42 and also than GG between days 0 to 42. The use of GG and GPG significantly increased liver enzyme activities (p < 0.05). AG, PG and GPG showed a higher height and width villi than CG. So simultaneous use of probiotic and garlic powder can be a suitable alternative to antibiotics to normal performance and liver function
Editorial
Authors: Vicentini Max Rogerio , Sita Patrícia Coradim
Published: July 2020

Editorial do volume 42, número 01 de 2020.
Conspiração em torno do governo Dilma e seu impeachment na fala dos tucanos: regime de poder e de verdade
Authors: Barros Maria Irenilce Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

À esteira da Análise do Discurso (AD) francesa e do pensamento de Michel Foucault, especialmente, a acepção de verdade e poder, este artigo analisou o discurso de posse da reeleição de Aécio Neves à presidência do Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB), ocorrida na ‘12ª Convenção Nacional do PSDB’, em 5 de julho de 2015, valendo-se do método arquegenealógico como ferramenta, já que essas noções contribuem com o batimento descrição-interpretação. Considera-se que o corpus representa fator relevante para compreender a condução do trajeto pelo qual se construiu o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff, uma vez que componentes linguísticos revelados na materialidade foram reverberados pela mídia hegemônica, justiça e em espaços sociotecnológicos. Percebeu-se que enunciados, como, ‘pedaladas fiscais, crise, corrupção’ etc., serviram para este fim. Estes elementos enunciativos passaram a ser explorados diariamente pelos meios de comunicação, transformando-se em sensacionalismo midiático contra Dilma e PT. Tais enunciados fizeram-se presentes, ainda, em falas dos opositores político-ideologicamente dos petistas, tornando-se, não somente práticas discursivas, mas também práticas não discursivas, haja vista que esses termos, associados a outros, (de)marcaram o cotidiano da população, induzindo, sobremaneira, para manifestações contra o governo, seja nas ruas e/ou nas redes sociais. A tônica do texto de Aécio incide sobre dois pontos que se opõem: tece elogios à gestão do PSDB; difama e deprecia a administração de Dilma, avaliando-a negativamente. Após as análises, considerou-se que a fala do tucano reúne informações para provocar a destituição da Presidenta, com a finalidade de substituir seu governo por outro, cujo teor ideológico diferencie-se com o apresentado até então. Em relação à democracia, concluiu-se que esse termo perpassa o discurso de forma contraditória: por um lado, o tucano reforça ser por ela que se luta e, por isso, a defende; porém, na verdade, ele a usa com o intuito de, em breve, (cor)rompê-la.
Landscape of T Follicular Helper Cell Dynamics in Human Germinal Centers
Authors: Donnadieu Emmanuel , Reisinger Kerstin Bianca , Scharf Sonja , Michel Yvonne , Bein Julia , Hansen Susanne , Loth Andreas G. , Flinner Nadine , Hartmann Sylvia , Hansmann Martin-Leo
Published: July 2020

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a very important role in mounting a humoral response. Studies conducted in mouse models have revealed with good kinetic and spatial resolution the dynamics of these cells in germinal centers (GC) and their cross-talk with B cells upon an immune response. However, whether a similar migratory behavior is performed by human Tfh cells is unclear, as technology to track them in situ has been lacking. In this study, we combined traditional immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescent imaging approaches on fresh human adenoid slices to provide static and dynamic information on Tfh cells. Our data indicate that GC light zones are composed of two distinct areas in terms of Tfh cell distribution and migration. In the outer GC light zones, Tfh cells migrate actively and with a high ability to form dynamic clusters showing intense and rapid reorganization. In these outer regions, Tfh cells demonstrate multiple interactions between each other. Conversely, in central regions of GC light zones, Tfh cells are much more static, forming long-lasting conjugates. These findings reveal for the first time, to our knowledge, the dynamic behavior whereby Tfh cells migrate in human GC and highlight the heterogeneity of GC for Tfh cell motility.
Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Suppresses Apoptosis via Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response during Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Hosaka Yusuke , Araya Jun , Fujita Yu , Kadota Tsukasa , Tsubouchi Kazuya , Yoshida Masahiro , Minagawa Shunsuke , Hara Hiromichi , Kawamoto Hironori , Watanabe Naoaki , Ito Akihiko , Ichikawa Akihiro , Saito Nayuta , Okuda Keitaro , Watanabe Junko , Takekoshi Daisuke , Utsumi Hirofumi , Hashimoto Mitsuo , Wakui Hiroshi , Ito Saburo , Numata Takanori , Mori Shohei , Matsudaira Hideki , Hirano Jun , Ohtsuka Takashi , Nakayama Katsutoshi , Kuwano Kazuyoshi
Published: July 2020

Cigarette smoke (CS) induces accumulation of misfolded proteins with concomitantly enhanced unfolded protein response (UPR). Increased apoptosis linked to UPR has been demonstrated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a type of selective autophagy for lysosomal degradation of proteins with the KFERQ peptide motif. CMA has been implicated in not only maintaining nutritional homeostasis but also adapting the cell to stressed conditions. Although recent papers have shown functional cross-talk between UPR and CMA, mechanistic implications for CMA in COPD pathogenesis, especially in association with CS-evoked UPR, remain obscure. In this study, we sought to examine the role of CMA in regulating CS-induced apoptosis linked to UPR during COPD pathogenesis using human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) and lung tissues. CS extract (CSE) induced LAMP2A expression and CMA activation through a Nrf2-dependent manner in HBEC. LAMP2A knockdown and the subsequent CMA inhibition enhanced UPR, including CHOP expression, and was accompanied by increased apoptosis during CSE exposure, which was reversed by LAMP2A overexpression. Immunohistochemistry showed that Nrf2 and LAMP2A levels were reduced in small airway epithelial cells in COPD compared with non-COPD lungs. Both Nrf2 and LAMP2A levels were significantly reduced in HBEC isolated from COPD, whereas LAMP2A levels in HBEC were positively correlated with pulmonary function tests. These findings suggest the existence of functional cross-talk between CMA and UPR during CSE exposure and also that impaired CMA may be causally associated with COPD pathogenesis through enhanced UPR-mediated apoptosis in epithelial cells.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Inhibits Type I IFN Signaling Mediated by the Novel E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase Activity of Viral Protein ICP22
Authors: Zhang Mudan , Fu Ming , Li Miaomiao , Hu Huimin , Gong Sitang , Hu Qinxue
Published: July 2020

Type I IFNs play an important role in innate immunity against viral infections by inducing the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), which encode effectors with various antiviral functions. We and others previously reported that HSV type 2 (HSV-2) inhibits the synthesis of type I IFNs, but how HSV-2 suppresses IFN-mediated signaling is less understood. In the current study, after the demonstration of HSV-2 replication resistance to IFN-β treatment in human epithelial cells, we reveal that HSV-2 and the viral protein ICP22 significantly decrease the expression of ISG54 at both mRNA and protein levels. Likewise, us1 del HSV-2 (ICP22-deficient HSV-2) replication is more sensitive to IFN-β treatment, indicating that ICP22 is a vital viral protein responsible for the inhibition of type I IFN–mediated signaling. In addition, overexpression of HSV-2 ICP22 inhibits the expression of STAT1, STAT2, and IFN regulatory factor 9 (IRF9), resulting in the blockade of ISG factor 3 (ISGF3) nuclear translocation, and mechanistically, this is due to ICP22-induced ubiquitination of STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9. HSV-2 ICP22 appears to interact with STAT1, STAT2, IRF9, and several other ubiquitinated proteins. Following further biochemical study, we show that HSV-2 ICP22 functions as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase to induce the formation of polyubiquitin chains. Taken together, we demonstrate that HSV-2 interferes with type I IFN–mediated signaling by degrading the proteins of ISGF3, and we identify HSV-2 ICP22 as a novel E3 ubiquitin protein ligase to induce the degradation of ISGF3. Findings in this study highlight a new mechanism by which HSV-2 circumvents the host antiviral responses through a viral E3 ubiquitin protein ligase.
Highest weight modules for affine Lie superalgebras
Authors: Calixto Lucas , Futorny Vyacheslav
Published: July 2020

We describe Borel and parabolic subalgebras of affine Lie superalgebras and study the Verma type modules associated to such subalgebras. We give necessary and sufficient conditions under which these modules are simple.
Social Responsibility Indicators in the Stakeholders’ Perspective
Authors: Seibert Rosane Maria , Macagnan Clea Beatriz
Published: July 2020

The objective of this research was identify what social responsibility information is of the stakeholder interest for the disclosure of a philanthropic higher education organization - PHEO. The exploratory inductive study was developed with application of form elaborated with the main social responsibility categories, through meetings with groups the main stakeholders. The content analysis and triangulation of the evidences identified the indicators. The research identified 169 indicators, of these, 69 are news. Some of the new indicators are specific to the organization type under study, confirming the need to observe the specific stakeholders’ interests.
Bringing the Dark Side of International Business into the Classroom
Authors: Cooke Donna K. , DuBois Frank , Sawant Rajeev J. , Sprott David E. , Treviño Len J.
Published: July 2020

We contend that positioning dark side activities (DSA) as a more central component of IB coursework is important for students to understand the legitimacy and performance consequences of such phenomena. We draw on six types of DSA: environmental degradation; questionable marketing practices; accounting or financial fraud; corruption; labor abuses; and cultural imperialism. We suggest that IB educators expose students to concrete examples illustrating when MNEs may drift to the dark side and provide three short case studies. We provide informational resources and discussion prompts for human trafficking and outline a United Nations framework to structure in-class discussion of DSA.
A case presentation on rheumatic heart disease with mitral regurgitation
Authors: Jayasudha.A  , Sreerenjini B  , Kaveri P  , Anitha P
Published: July 2020

In pregnancy there is increased pressure on the heart valves. Counseling of women with rheumatic heart disease gives appropriate surveillance of maternal and fetal well being, as well as planning and documentation of the management of elective and emergency delivery. However, many women with rheumatic heart disease have healthy pregnancies, healthy babies with the right medical care.
Effectiveness of Competency Training Program on Modified Early Warning System (MEWS) upon the Knowledge of Nurses in Selected Hospitals, Chennai
Authors: Anju Chandran  , Jaslina Gnanarani  , Latha Venkatesan
Published: July 2020

Background: Adverse events results in unintended harm to the patients including permanent disability and death. MEWS was introduced to identify and document the deteriorating patients in hospital settings. Adequate training and education of nurses will enhance early recognition and response in preventing adverse events. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of competency training program on MEWS among nurses. Methodology: A Quasi experimental study was conducted among nurses who were working in inpatient units of selected hospitals, Chennai. 140 nurses were selected as participants out of which (n=70) is constituted to experimental group and (n=70) was constituted to control group. Pre-test knowledge was assessed in both groups. Competency training program on MEWS was given to experimental group of nurses and post test was assessed after one month. Results: The mean post-test knowledge scores was significantly higher in experimental group (M=18.2) to that of control group (M=10.6) which shows the effectiveness of competency training program on MEWS with (t=22.29, p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study reveals that Competency training program on MEWS had a significant increase in the knowledge of nurses in the experimental group.