bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algunas hipótesis relacionadas con la crisis 1994-95 en México
Authors: Gil Diaz Francisco , Carstens Agustin
Published: May 2021

A large number of hypotheses have been offered to explain the causes and circumstances of the December 1994 devaluation of the Mexican peso and the economic crisis that ensued. Some of them are based on ideas and data handled loosely and/or with no perspective, and frequently arrive at the exact opposite conclusion as that which would have been supported by the available information. This paper deals with some of the most often repeated of these conjectures and confronts them with what actually happened. It begins by reviewing the situation of the Mexican economy prior to the devaluation and then surveys, as possible causes for the crisis, the following: an overvalued currency, lax central bank credit, misleading and unequal information, politically motivated fiscal stimulus, insufficient domestic savings, and what is known in the literature as the “over-borrowing syndrome”. It concludes that despite possible improvements in the way the Mexican economy was managed before the crisis, the real causes are to be found on the combination of a semi-fixed exchange rate, the explosive availability of international short- term capital, and the cumulative, effect of the repeated political shocks that affected the Mexican scene during 1994.
El crecimiento de las exportaciones y el desempeño de la productividad en la industria manufacturera en México
Authors: Graf Noriega Juan Pablo
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo presenta un análisis del crecimiento de las exportaciones de la industria manufacturera de México durante el periodo 1970-1984. La industria manufacturera se desagrega en 20 sectores y se busca establecer si distintos factores explican el crecimiento de las exportaciones de cada sector. En la primera parte se revisan los modelos más frecuentemente utilizados en la literatura para este propósito. Se resume la discusión sobre la importancia que tienen los factores de oferta y de demanda en el crecimiento de las exportaciones. La consideración de estos modelos, junto con la disponibilidad de la información, sirven para formular una función para los volúmenes de exportación que se evalúa en la parte siguiente. Se asume que los volúmenes de exportación dependen del tipo de cambio real, de la capacidad de oferta doméstica y de la demanda extranjera. Se consideran dos indicadores para el tipo de cambio real: los precios relativos y los costos unitarios relativos de la mano de obra. Estos últimos son seleccionados como el indicador del tipo de cambio real que se utiliza en el estudio, lo cual se justifica por las posibilidades que este indicador ofrece para el análisis de los determinantes de las exportaciones
HENRY FAYOL'S PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND BHAGAVAD GITA – A HERMENEUTICS STUDY
Authors: L Lavanya
Published: May 2021

Hermeneutics is the study of interpretation. While taking up religious texts like Bhagavad Gita which provides
abundance of knowledge, Hermeneutics is the choice of researcher. There have been various articles bringing out
relevance of Bhagavad Gita in Management and most often researched is Leadership in Gita. The present article
examines the untouched area of Henry Fayol's fourteen principles of Management and how Gita can be linked to some of
these principles. Bhagavad Gita is presented in a question and answer format which is compiled into 18 chapters and
contains 700 verses.This is a work which is believed to be more than 5000 years ago. Does this old work stand relevant
and is this relevant to Management? This article brings out answers to these questions
CAD/CAM SYSTEMS IN DENTISTRY: AN UPDATE
Authors: Coskun Volkan
Published: May 2021

The last several decades have seen significant development of new technologies in dentistry. Certainly, one of the most
important of them is the development of CAD/CAM systems. While a few systems were available in the 1980s, currently
this number has reached about fifteen. Many benefits associated with CAD/CAM-generated dental restorations include:
easier, faster, more compatible, more accurate restorations. Furthermore, data or information about treatment has been
stored in digital media for many years. CAD/CAM systems are usually used in prosthodontic, restorative dentistry and
oral surgery in dentistry. Especially, compliance of maxillofacial prosthesis increases with the development of
CAD/CAM systems. All these developments have revealed higher-quality prosthesis and increased aesthetics and
quality of life of patients. In this article, we review the history, systems, materials, and use in dentistry of CAD/CAM.
ECG CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 – A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CHENNAI
Authors: Sulaiman Meeran A .Shaik , Balaji T. , Raja P. , Chandramohan Kiran
Published: May 2021

Background:A global outbreak of corona virus disease, caused by severe respiratory corona virus 2, has emerged since
December 2019. However electrocardiographic manifestations of patients with COVID-19 have not been fully
described. We aim to investigate ECG characteristics in COVID-19 patients and risk factors of ICU admission
Methods:This retrospective observational study included the patients with COVID-19 at the Government Kilpauk
Medical College, Chennai between June 1st and 31st, 2020. Demographic, clinical and ECG characteristics were
collected and comparison were made between ICU and non ICU admission groups. Logistic regression was used to
identify risk factors of ICU admission
Results:Among the 159 patients included ST-T abnormalities were the most common ECG feature followed by
arrhythmias. Compared with non ICU group, the ICU group showed higher heart rate and P wave duration and was more
frequently associated with CVD, ST-T abnormalities, arrythmias, QTc prolongation and pathological Q waves. ST-T
abnormalities and history of CVD were associated with increased risk of ICU admission
Conclusion:COVID-19 is frequently related to cardiovascular manifestations including ECG abnormalities and
cardiovascular comorbidities. ST-T abnormalities and CVD at admission were associated with increased odds of ICU
admission
Survey and Evaluation of Neural 3D Shape Classification Approaches
Authors: Mirbauer Martin , Krabec Miroslav , Křivánek Jaroslav , Šikudová Elena
Published: May 2021

Classification of 3D objects – the selection of a category in which each object belongs – is of great interest in the field of
machine learning. Numerous researchers use deep neural networks to address this problem, altering the network architecture and
representation of the 3D shape used as an input. To investigate the effectiveness of their approaches, we conduct an extensive survey
of existing methods and identify common ideas by which we categorize them into a taxonomy. Second, we evaluate 11 selected
classification networks on three 3D object datasets, extending the evaluation to a larger dataset on which most of the selected
approaches have not been tested yet. For this, we provide a framework for converting shapes from common 3D mesh formats into
formats native to each network, and for training and evaluating different classification approaches on this data. Despite being generally
unable to reach the accuracies reported in the original papers, we can compare the relative performance of the approaches as well as
their performance when changing datasets as the only variable to provide valuable insights into performance on different kinds of data.
We make our code available to simplify running training experiments with multiple neural networks with different prerequisites.

The final version was published: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2021.3102676
Prácticas pedagógicas en la formación docente: desde el eje didáctico
Authors: Ripoll-Rivaldo María
Published: May 2021

La formación inicial del docente es un proceso que tiene como propósito el desarrollo de competencias relacionadas con el saber didáctico para ejercer el ejercicio profesional, los sujetos en formación deben desarrollar una serie habilidades concretadas en propuestas didácticas, sobre todo, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades e intereses de los estudiantes, transformando los saberes teóricos en saberes prácticos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es formular lineamientos que fomenten la práctica pedagógica profesional en la formación docente para el ejercicio didáctico en el programa de Licenciatura en Pedagogía Infantil; basándose en los planteamientos de autores tales como: García García (2018), Feo Mora (2011), Ministerio de Educación Nacional (2016), entre otros. Desde la postura metodológica se asumió el enfoque cualitativo, apoyada por el paradigma interpretativo fenomenológico y para el análisis de los hallazgos se basó en la teoría fundamentada y su método comparativo continuo. Los resultados reflejan la necesidad de visualizar las prácticas pedagógicas profesionales desde el eje didáctico con el propósito de cualificar dicho proceso, como parte fundamental de la formación inicial del docente; ya que refleja la comprensión y aplicación de conocimientos prácticos y metodológicos. En cuanto a los supuestos teóricos deben ser componentes directos incluidos en el currículo de las instituciones de educación superior.
Modelo de gestión del conocimiento para centros de productividad e innovación
Authors: Quiñonez Zúñiga Carolina , Rivera Martínez Wilfred Fabián
Published: May 2021

La investigación analiza una organización creada en el año 2000 y cuyos trabajos en pro de la competitividad regional son reconocidos en el ámbito nacional. Esta organización -CREPIC- se destaca por su creación a partir de la política pública en materia de ciencia y tecnología además de desplegar estrategias de sostenibilidad económica pese a la escases de recursos destinados desde el Estado. El objetivo principal de la investigación es proponer un modelo de Gestión de Conocimiento aplicable a organizaciones similares. Los aportes teóricos utilizados fueron los pilares de la Gestión del Conocimiento propuestos por Stankosky y Baldanza (2018), asi como los componentes de un modelo sugeridos por Nonaka y Takeuchi (1995) y Rivero (2019). Metodológicamente se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas al equipo de trabajo del Centro Regional de Productividad e Innovación del Cauca -CREPIC-. El resultado principal es un un modelo de gestión de conocimiento alineado con la naturaleza de la organización, las particularidades del territorio y los aportes bibliográficos en la materia. Se concluye concluir que organizaciones de esta naturaleza precisan de amplio capital relacional para actuar en los diferentes frentes de la productividad y la innovación.
Competencias de liderazgo en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los administradores de empresas de la Universidad de Manizales
Authors: Santa Fajardo Laura Michel , Macías Ramírez Víctor Hernando , Bom-Camargo Yomeida Inmaculada , Fajardo Calderón Constanza Loreth
Published: May 2021

El artículo hace referencia a las competencias de la práctica empresarial, las básicas del liderazgo gerencial y las específicas de liderazgo; esenciales en el proceso formativo de los administradores de empresas de la Universidad de Manizales, teniendo en cuenta tanto las reflexiones y perspectivas del Proyecto Tuning América Latina periodo 2011-2013 (2021); como el perfil profesional y ocupacional propuesto por el programa y demás competencias que se requieren para dar solución a situaciones reales en las organizaciones. Para ello, se realizó una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance exploratorio y correlacional, a través del método estadístico de Análisis de Componentes Principales, se aplicó la encuesta a los egresados (132) y estudiantes (81) como instrumento de recolección de datos. Se concluye que las competencias básicas de liderazgo gerencial son consideradas como cruciales en los procesos de formación de la población objeto de estudio, con las cuales están en capacidad de demostrar en su actuar: integridad, facilidad de comunicación, visión estratégica, enfoque hacia la obtención de resultados, toma de decisiones, habilidades de negociación, creación y desarrollo de equipos, perseverancia y administración del tiempo para afrontar los retos en su futuro profesional.
Calidad editorial versus editoriales depredadoras
Authors: Borroto Cruz Eugenio Radamés , Torrens Pérez María Elena , Rondón Sierra Rey
Published: May 2021

El crecimiento de las Editoriales Depredadoras y sus malas prácticas en la gestión editorial, las identifican como una problemática actual. Éstas utilizan las oportunidades del Acceso Abierto para crear sus propios negocios, lo que distorsiona el propósito del movimiento de acceso abierto para todos. El objetivo de la investigación fue: identificar las actuaciones de las Editoriales Depredadoras, y socializar las políticas y principios de buenas prácticas editoriales establecidos por el Open Access. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se realizó una revisión sistemática, basada en el estudio de variables seleccionadas. Como resultados se exponen: las principales formas de actuación de las Editoriales Depredadoras; los Principios de Transparencia y Mejores Prácticas del Open Access en Publicaciones Académicas, y se propone una guía de actuación para prevenir los posibles ataques de las Editoriales Depredadoras. Se concluye que, las instituciones académicas deben responsabilizarse, y socializar la información pertinente sobre las Depredadoras para evitar el desconocimiento por parte de los autores. Además, las revistas y editoriales tradicionales deben verificar las postulaciones anteriores de sus autores con vista a eliminar las posibles relaciones y conexiones con las Revistas y Editoriales Depredadoras.
Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus Strains to Various Antibiotics
Authors: Arabacı Çiğdem , Uzun Berrin
Published: May 2021

Objective: Staphylococcus aureus continues to be a major health problem due to widespread methicillin resistance. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility to various antibiotics of 100 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 100 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains isolated from various clinical samples between January 2016 and November 2019. Methods: Gradient test strips were used to test the susceptibilities of isolates to vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid. The susceptibilities to other antibiotics were determined by automated system and evaluated based on EUCAST recommendations. Results: Seventy five percent of MRSA strains and 66% of MSSA strains included in the study were isolated from inpatients and 40% of MRSA and 21% of MSSA strains were isolated from intensive care patients. Isolates were obtained from tissue-abscess, blood, sterile body fluid, deep tracheal aspirate and sputum, urine, and catheter tip cultures, respectively. We did not detect S. aureus resistance to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid in our study. Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid MIC50/MIC90 values for MSSA strains were found to be 1/1.5 µg/ml, 0.75/1.5 µg/mL, 0.75/1 µg/mL and 1.5/2 µg/mL, 1.5/2 µg/mL, 0.75/1.5 µg/mL for MRSA strains, respectively. Based on MIC90 values, linezolid was 1.3 times more effective than vancomycin and 2 times more effective than teicoplanin in MRSA strains; linezolid was 1.5 times more effective than vancomycin and teicoplanin in MSSA strains. MRSA strains showed high resistance rates to all antibiotics, except daptomycin, tigecycline, cotrimoxazole and fusidic acid. All antibiotics were found to be highly effective in MSSA strains. Conclusions: MIC values of glycopeptides in MSSA isolates were found to be close to MIC values of MRSA isolates. Regarding the MIC90 values, linezolid was found to be more effective than glycopeptides. All other antibiotics were highly effective in MSSA strains
PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN OLAHRAGA MEDIKORA (INDONESIAN LANGUAGE USE IN THE SPORT HEALTH SCIENTIï¬C JOURNAL MEDIKORA)
Authors: Wasono Aji Endro Nugroho
Published: May 2021

Penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dalam jurnal ilmiah seharusnya menggunakan ragam bahasa baku. Namun, faktanya dalam Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Olahraga Medikora ditemukan beberapa ketidaktepatan dalam penggunaan bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat preskriptif, yaitu untuk menemukan kesalahan penggunaan bahasa. Kesalahan-kesalahan dalam penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dapat diidentiï¬ kasi ke dalam antara lain, kesalahan diksi dan bentuk kata, serta kesalahan kalimat. Penggunaan bahasa dalam Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Olahraga Medikora berupa ketidaktepatan dalam bentuk dan pilihan kata, serta kalimat yang tidak efektif. Ketidaktepatan dalam diksi dan bentuk kata berupa penggunaan kata yang tidak baku dan prosede morfologis yang tidak benar. Adapun ketidaktepatan dalam kalimat diakibatkan pemakaian konjungtor yang tidak benar dalam kalimat majemuk.Â ABSTRACT Using standard Indonesian language in the scientiï¬ c journal is a compulsory. Yet, the researcher found the use of nonstandard Indonesian language in Scientiï¬c Journal of Sport Health. This research is a prescriptive research which trying to ï¬ nd the nonstandard Indonesian language used in the journal. The ï¬ ndings are the use of the non-standard diction and word-form and sentences. The mistakes are found in the diction and word-form as well as the ineffective sentences. The misuse of the diction and the word-form are in the use of nonstandard and incorrect morphological process words. In the sentence level, it is found the use of the incorrect conjunction words in the compound sentence. Â
Diet of Gastritis Patients in Beka Village
Authors: Indah Sari Andi Nur , Metungku Fanny , Salamung Niswa , Mauruh Chely Veronica
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Globally, Indonesia ranks fourth with the highest number of gastritis sufferers. The most common cause is an infection with the Helicobacter pylori bacteria which causes inflammation of the stomach. One of the causes of this ganstritis is a poor diet. The aim of this research is to know the diet of gastritis patients in Beka village.
Method: This type of research is descriptive research. The population in this study were all 35 gastritis sufferers in Beka Village. The sample in this study was the entire population used as a sample in Beka Village, amounting to 35 people. The sampling method was non-probability sampling with a total sampling approach model.
Result:The results showed that of the 35 respondents, 60% of the food patterns were good and 40% less good. It is hoped that gastritis patients can improve their diet so that they can reduce the recurrence of the disease.
Conclusion: more gastritis patients have a bad diet. It is hoped that gastritis patients can improve their diet for the better so that it can reduce disease recurrence and complaints experienced by patients.
Almost all Permutation Matrices have Bounded Saturation Functions
Authors: Geneson Jesse
Published: May 2021

Saturation problems for forbidden graphs have been a popular area of research for many decades, and recently Brualdi and Cao initiated the study of a saturation problem for 0-1 matrices. We say that a 0-1 matrix $A$ is saturating for the forbidden 0-1 matrix $P$ if $A$ avoids $P$ but changing any zero to a one in $A$ creates a copy of $P$. Define $\mathrm{sat}(n, P)$ to be the minimum possible number of ones in an $n \times n$ 0-1 matrix that is saturating for $P$. Fulek and Keszegh proved that for every 0-1 matrix $P$, either $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = O(1)$ or $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = \Theta(n)$. They found two 0-1 matrices $P$ for which $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = O(1)$, as well as infinite families of 0-1 matrices $P$ for which $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = \Theta(n)$. Their results imply that $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = \Theta(n)$ for almost all $k \times k$ 0-1 matrices $P$.

Fulek and Keszegh conjectured that there are many more 0-1 matrices $P$ such that $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = O(1)$ besides the ones they found, and they asked for a characterization of all permutation matrices $P$ such that $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = O(1)$. We affirm their conjecture by proving that almost all $k \times k$ permutation matrices $P$ have $\mathrm{sat}(n, P) = O(1)$. We also make progress on the characterization problem, since our proof of the main result exhibits a family of permutation matrices with bounded saturation functions.
Square-Free Graphs with no Induced Fork
Authors: Chudnovsky Maria , Huang Shenwei , Karthick T. , Kaufmann Jenny
Published: May 2021

The claw is the graph $K_{1,3}$, and the fork is the graph obtained from the claw $K_{1,3}$ by subdividing one of its edges once. In this paper, we prove a structure theorem for the class of (claw, $C_4$)-free graphs that are not quasi-line graphs, and a structure theorem for the class of (fork, $C_4$)-free graphs that uses the class of (claw, $C_4$)-free graphs as a basic class. Finally, we show that every (fork, $C_4$)-free graph $G$ satisfies $\chi(G)\leqslant \lceil\frac{3\omega(G)}{2}\rceil$ via these structure theorems with some additional work on coloring basic classes.
Characters and Chromatic Symmetric Functions
Authors: Skandera Mark
Published: May 2021

Let $P$ be a poset, $\mathrm{inc}(P)$ its incomparability graph, and $X_{\mathrm{inc}(P)}$ the corresponding chromatic symmetric function, as defined by Stanley in Adv. Math., 111 (1995) pp.166–194. Let $\omega$ be the standard involution on symmetric functions.  We express coefficients of $X_{\mathrm{inc}(P)}$ and $\omega X_{\mathrm{inc}(P)}$ as character evaluations to obtain simple combinatorial interpretations of the power sum and monomial expansions of $\omega X_{\mathrm{inc}(P)}$ which hold for all posets $P$. Consequences include new combinatorial interpretations of the permanent, induced trivial character immanants, and power sum immanants of totally nonnegative matrices, and of the sum of elementary coefficients in the Shareshian-Wachs chromatic quasisymmetric function $X_{\mathrm{inc}(P),q}$ when $P$ is a unit interval order.
Health Monitoring of Storage Tanks Subject to Near-Field and Far-Field Earthquakes
Authors: Hossein Mirzaaghabeik  , Holdorf Lopez Rafael , Lenzi Marcos Souza
Published: May 2021

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a method to conserve the structures and monitor their stress and strain situation. Natural disasters, significantly earthquake could damage the water supply systems, including water tanks. The earthquake could conclude cavitation and water sloshing inside the underground water tank. On the other hand, it can cause human tragedy economically, socially, and ecologically. Therefore, useful and essential measures for repairing and utilizing the underground water tanks after the earthquake should be considered. This research aims to monitor the underground storage tanks subject to near-field and far-field earthquakes, considering the cavitation effect. In this article, the effect of earthquakes on the underground water tanks, considering the seismic behavior and cavitation effect of the underground tank, will be considered. For considering seismic behavior on the storage tanks and their reaction, the ANSYS software has been used to simulate and model them via the finite element method. After that, the prone places to the cavitation wherever the pressures are minus will be detected by the Monte Carlo method. The cavitation effect statistics were examined, and their placement is compared with the results obtained from the Monte Carlo method. The MATLAB codes have been used to make decisions for optimal smart sensor placement via the Monte-Carlo method. Moreover, to decrease the analysis time, the comparison method is taken into account. Finally, underground water tanks were loaded subjected to near-field and far-field earthquakes. The finite element result will be analyzed via the Monte Carlo method, and the best places for installing the smart sensors will be proposed.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THALASSAEMIA CARRIER AMONG FORM FOUR STUDENTS IN KEDAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Omar Rosidah , Ahmad Norizan , Ngee Wen Sze
Published: May 2021

Thalassaemia and abnormal haemoglobins are the most common genetic disorder worldwide. School-based screening thalassaemia program for form four students was introduced with the objective to screen for the thalassaemia status. There is paucity in the data in Kedah on distribution of thalassaemia carrier and the associated factors. Hence this study aims to identify the factors associated with being a thalassaemia carrier and to describe the laboratory cost for the thalassaemia screening. This study used secondary data from the school-based thalassaemia screening in 2018 obtained from Kedah State Health Department. Results showed the prevalence of thalassaemia carrier among form four students in Kedah was 10.91%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that students from Baling, Padang Terap and Yan were 1.40, 1.34 and 1.23 times more likely to be a thalassaemia carrier respectively compared to Kota Setar (aOR Baling 1.40;95% CI 1.21,1.64; aOR Padang Terap 1.34;95% CI 1.11,1.61 and aOR Yan 1.23;95% CI 1.03,1.47). Malay and Siamese students were five times more likely be thalassaemia carriers compared to Indian (aOR Malay 5.16;95%CI 3.42,7.79, aOR Siamese 5.63;95%CI 3.19,9.97). Meanwhile, Chinese students had 2.61 higher odds to be a thalassaemia carrier compared to Indian (aOR Chinese 2.61;95%CI 1.65,4.12). The laboratory cost for the thalassaemia screening ranged from RM2.14 to RM142.14 per participant. As for conclusion, this study reported high prevalence (10.91%) of thalassaemia carriers in Kedah. Our study also confirmed that the district and the ethnicity significantly influenced the thalassaemia carrier status. The identified factors should inform future thalassaemia campaign to prevent higher prevalence of thalassaemia patients.
Boerhaave syndrome in a patient with a hiatal hernia
Authors: López-Cantarero García-Cervantes M , García Reyes A , Domínguez-Adame Lanuza E
Published: May 2021

La perforación esofágica es un proceso patológico con una alta mortalidad incluso con un diagnóstico rápido y tratamiento adecuado. Dentro de las causas de perforación esofágica, se encuentra el síndrome de Boerhaave o perforación esofágica barogénica. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 57 años que acude a urgencias por vómitos y dolor torácico, siendo diagnosticado mediante TC de perforación esofágica. Se deben seguir los principios quirúrgicos fundamentales de diagnóstico rápido, control eficaz de la fuga, erradicación de la sepsis mediastínica y soporte óptimo en un plazo no mayor a 24 horas.
Research Concerning the Influence of Balancing the Conventional Pumping Units on their Dynamics
Authors: Badoiu Dorin
Published: May 2021

The paper analyses the influence of the rotary balancing and of the combined balancing (rotary and oscillating) on the variation of the motor torque at the crankshaft and on the variation of the connection forces acting in the joints of the mechanism of the conventional pumping units. For this purpose a computer program has been developed and a series of results in the case of a C-640D-305-120 pumping unit are presented.
Allocative Efficiency Analysis of Capsicum Cropping System under Tunnels
Authors: Fatima Hina , Almas Lal K , Yasmin Bushra
Published: May 2021

The focus of this study was to analyze the allocative efficiency of the capsicum cropping system under tunnels. The data is collected from those farmers that were cultivating the capsicum crops under the tunnels in Pakistan. Cultivation of the crops under tunnels has a rising trend in Pakistan. To achieve the best possible output with a minimum cost of newly opted farm technology can be beneficial if farmers have proper skill and know-how regarding the application of balanced use of inputs. The sample size was around 150 capsicum farms. The Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) was used to examine the allocative efficiency of capsicum farms in Pakistan. The result of the study demonstrated that the average allocative efficiency of capsicum cropping systems under tunnels in Pakistan was around 65%. Around 35% of allocative inefficiency is present in the capsicum cropping system. Mismanagement of resources related to the utilization of farm inputs i one of the main reasons for allocative inefficiency. After removing the mismanagement of resources, most farms have another way of reducing allocative inefficiency. It is linked with reallocating inputs or changing the input combination used, to achieve an optimum level of capsicum output at a given level of input prices. Hence, the objective of adoption of advanced farm technologies along with balanced application of farm inputs will result in higher farm productivity and allocative efficiency.
Sweeping surface of center curve on surface in Euclidean 3-space E³
Authors: Abdel-Baky Rashad A. , Mofarreh Fatemah
Published: May 2021

For the curve on the regular surface, there is moving frame with this thatis named Darboux frame. Sweeping surfaces through the curve associated with Darboux frame are introduced and their geometrical properties are investigated. Moreover, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions of this kind of surfaces to be developable ruled surfaces. Finally, an example to illustrate the application of the results is introduced.
Project Culture as a Key Project Success Factor: The Perspective of Polish Project Managers
Authors: Moczydłowska Joanna , Sadkowska Joanna
Published: May 2021

Project management has the potential to play a key role in the effective functioning of a company. In spite of the intensive development of project management knowledge and tools, however, the ratio of projects which fail is still very high. For the above reason, interest in research dedicated to project success determinants has been increasing. Although existing empirical studies provide numerous evidence on project key-success factors, rrelatively little research has been devoted to examination of project culture in the context of its impact on the final results of projects. The study’s objective entails analysis of how project culture mediates the relationship between project characteristics and project outcome. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been developed, which was distributed among 138 project managers representing Polish enterprises. A theoretical model has been proposed, linking project attributes and project culture to project outcome. The results of the empirical studies indicate that inclusion of project culture, with special attention paid to its openness, significantly contributes to the clarification of the way project attributes affect project outcome.
Variações na ocorrência de algumas pragas do amendoinzeiro relacionadas com o desenvolvimento da cultura.
Authors: Castro Paulo R. C. , Pitelli Robinson A. , Passilongo Rodolfo L.
Published: May 2021

O tripes Enneathrips flavens Moulton, 1941, a lagarta Stegasta boequella (Chambers, 1875) e a vaquinha Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) são pragas encontradas com frequência na cultura do amendoinzeiro (Arachis hypageae L.) na região de Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil.

Sob as condições de campo verificou-se a dinâmica de população dessas três pragas em relação a alguns fatores ambientais e fitofisiológicos. no decorrer do ciclo da cultura, mediante a instalação de um ensaio; neste, efeito de defensivo e de coloração de armadilha foi também estudado no ecosistema.

Verficou-se ação diferencial, do defensivo no combate as pragas e de atratividade das cores branca e amarela nobre e E. flavens e D. speciosa.

A flutuação na população de E. flavens mostrou correlação direta com a área foliar da cultura, e por outro lado, a flutuação na população de D. speciesa foi proporcional a variação da precipitação.

Observou-se ainda que o ganho em produtos da fotossíntese por unidade de área foliar e inferior sob altas populações de tripes.
Influência de Inseticidas na Germinação e Desenvolvimento inicial de Milho ( Zea mays L).
Authors: SILVA A. B. , NAKANO O.
Published: May 2021

0 objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito de diversos inseticidas na germinação e desenvolvimento inicial. As sementes testadas foram "híbrido da Agroceres".

Realizaram-se 2 experimentos. 0 primeiro constituiu em testar Aldrin 5% (1, 2 e 3g/m), Diphonate 10 G(1,5, 2,5 e 3,5g/m) e Aldicarb 10 G(0,5, 1,5 e 2,5g/m); e o segundo efeito do fumigante Fosfina na concentração de 4 pastilhas de 0,6g por metro cubico. Os inseticidas em pó foram diluídos em talco, para garantir uma distribuição homogênea ao longo do sulco de plantio.

0 primeiro experimento foi conduzida em 2 bandejas de 1,75 x 0,75m, enchidas com solo de superfície bem homogeneizado e divididas em 30 parcelas separadas por lâmina de plástico. 0 delineamento empregado foi o de blocos ao acaso com 10 tratamentos e 3 repetições. 0 plantio foi feito em 28/09/73 e a colheita das plântulas em 17/10/73. Os parâmetros analisados foram o número de plântulas emergidas e seu peso seco.

No segundo experimento efetuou-se o expurgo dos grãos, deixando-os expostos ã Fosfina durante 7 dias e em seguida, fez-se testes de

germinação em placas de petri com papel de filtro umedecido, havendo 2 repetições.

Na análise dos resultados o teste F mostrou que nenhuma das concentrações dos inseticidas testados causou fitotoxicidade ou efeito adverso ã germinação e ao desenvolvimento inicial das plantas.
Determinação da dose Esterilizante e Letal para Pupas De Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)
Authors: Arthur V. , Wiendl F. M. , Walder Z. M. M.
Published: May 2021

Procurou--se neste trabalho determinar a dose esterilizante e a letal para pupas de Tribolium castaneum (Herbst).

Para tanto usaram-se pupas de 1 a 5 dias de idade, que foram irradiadas sob uma taxa de 47,73 krad/hora em um irradiador de Cobalto-60com atividade de aproximadamente 500 Ci.

Como resultado obteve-se que as pupas irradiadas com 46,25 krad não deram emergência a adultos, e quando irradiadas com 15 krad deram emergência a adultos completamente estareis.
Syrphidae predadores dos afídeos de Citrus spp. em Recife, PE
Authors: Leal C. A. , Oliveira H. C. C. , Smith J. G.
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa sobre inimigos naturais de afídeos em Citrus spp. Foram feitas observações em laranjeiras e limoeiros, com objetivo de estudar os Syrphidae e sua frequência e época de ocorrência. Foram coletados larvas, pupas e adultos dos Syrphidae e outros predadores de afídeos, num pomar em Recife(PE), de outubro de 1974 a setembro de 1975.

Das 164 larvas e pupas de Syrphidae Coccinellidae e Chrysopidae coletadas, 42,7% foram Syrphidae, sendo 62 larvas e 8 pupas. Os Syrphidae foram abundantes em outubro, mas de novembro até o fim do mês de março, sòmente uma larva e uma pupa foram observadas. Com o brotamento das arvores em maio e junho, a população de Syrphidae começou a se expandir, devido ao aumento na infestação dos afídeos, até a cheia de julho. Em agosto e setembro, cosi o rebrotamento das laranjeiras e limoeiros fora da poca normal, as populações dos afídeos novamente aumentaram, havendo consequentemente uma maior incidência de Syrphidae.
Distribuição geográfica e abundância estacional dos principais insetos-pragas da soja e seus predadores
Authors: Corrêa B. S. , Panizzi A. R. , Newman G. G. , Turnip Seed S. G.
Published: May 2021

Levantamento dos insetos-pragas da soja e seus predadores foi efetuado de janeiro a março em Santa Helena de Gois (co), Londrina, Palotina e Ponta Grossa (Pr), Chapec (SC) e Cruz Alta (RS) através de amostragens semanais. A população de Anticarsia genmmatalis Hubner e Plusia spp. atingiu maiores níveis em fins de janeiro em áreas do norte do Brasil e, em fevereiro no Sul. A população de percevejos, de um modo geral, ocorreu mais tarde que a de lagartas, alcançando maior abundância no mês de março. Neazara viridula (L.) foi a espécie de percevejo predominante na maioria dos campos, no sendo encontrada em Santa Helena de Goiás. Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) no ocorreu em Cruz Alta e na região de Santa Helena de Gois, o maior nível populacional foi obtido no mês de fevereiro. O percevejo Euscl2istus heros (F.) apresentou ampla distribuição, ocorrendo em todos os campos amostrados; baixos níveis estiveram presentes no mês de fevereiro e o pico populacional foi alcançado no final do ciclo da soja. Diabrotica speciosa (German) ocorreu durante todo o ciclo da soja, mas foi significativamente importante somente no campo de Cruz Alta. Em Chapecó, ocorreu grande população de Carotoma sp., alcançando maiores densidades em março.

Entre os predadores, Nabis sp. e Geocoris sp. foram os mais importantes. A população de Nabis sp. foi maior que a de Geocoris sp. atingindo níveis mais altos no mês de fevereiro. A população de Geocoris sp. foi reduzida e apresentou grande flutuação nos diferentes campos, ocorrendo de janeiro a março.
Fluctuacion anual de las poblaciones de Monalonion annulipes Sig. y su relacion con la "muerte descendente de Theobroma cacao" en Costa rica
Authors: Villacorta A.
Published: May 2021

Como resultado de los estudios realizados en La Lola, Costa Rica durante los anos 1965-66, sobre poblaciones de M. annulipes y su relacion con la "muerte descendente dei cacao". Los resultados sugieren que los miridos son numerosos en arcas de cacao sin sombra. En cacao expuesto a sombra y sin sombra la maxima contada de miridos ocurrio durante los meses de Octubre-Noviembre. Aparentemente la disponibilidad de alimento para el insecto (brotes terminales) asi como el alto rango de temperatura ambiente (diferencia entre la temperatura media maxima mensual y la temperatura media minima mensual) mayor de 8°C, complementado con alta humedad relativa ambiente son necesarios para la alta ocurrericia de miridos en cacao.

La estimacion de la intensidad de la "muerte descendente dei cacao" en arcas de cacao bajo sombra y sin sombra, a diferentes meses del ano, sugiere que la sombra en cacao es importante para prevenir el desarroilo de la "muerte descendente del cacao". En areas de cacao bajo sombra ei desarrollo de los sintomas de ia "muerte descendente del cacao" esta directamente relacionado con el daño producido por los miridos sobre las ramas terminales
"Comportamento de algumas variedades de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris, L) quanto a suscetibilidade ao caruncho Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831)"
Authors: Ramalho M. A. P. , Botelho W. , Salgado L. O.
Published: May 2021

O caruncho do feijão, Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) (Coleoptera-Bruchidae) causa grandes prejuízos a cultura do feijão, na fase de armazenamento do produto.

Diante disso, procurou-se com esse trabalho verificar o comportamento de algumas variedades comerciais de feijão em re1aço ao ataque dessa praga. Foram feitos testes de preferência do caruncho pela cor do tegumento das sementes, pelo olfato e de preferência para a postura.

No foi observada diferença significativa na preferência pela cor e sensação de olfato dos carunchos entre diversas variedades de feijão testadas, porém neste último caso, houve diferenças entre as variedades com relação testemunha (carunchos que foram ao recipiente sem feijão nenhum).

Houve certa preferência para postura no campo pelas variedades carioca e 37 R-890 que apresentaram um maior número de insetos emergidos. As variedades Pintado, Mulatinho Paulista, Rico Baio e Guatemala apresentaram menor incidência de carunchos.
Comparação de dois métodos de amostragem de artrópodos em soja
Authors: Panizzi A. R. , Ferreira B. S. C.
Published: May 2021

Os métodos do “pano" e da rede de varredura para coleta de artrópodos em soja foram comparados nos primeiros meses de 1976 nos Estados de Goiás, Paraná e Santa Catarina, e no final de 1976 e meados de 1977 no Paraná. As amostragens foram feitas semanalmente. Tanto as lagartas Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner. Plusia spp. e Geometridae, como os percevejos Piezodorus giuldinii (Westwood). Euschistus heros (Fabricius) e Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) foram coletados, cm média, em maior número/m com o método do "pano" do que com o da rede de varredura. O mesmo ocorreu com insetos mais móveis como as vaquinhas Diabrotica speciosa Germar e Cerotoma sp., e os predadores Nabis sp., Geocoris sp. e Orius sp. Considerando o total de artrópodos, pelo método do “pano" foram coletados de 2,4 a 8,7 veres mais exemplares que pelo método ela rede. obtendo-se maiores médias e coeficientes de variaç5c, significativamente atuais aos obtidos com a rede. Entretanto, por este último método louve uma coleta maior de Diptera.

Amostragens feitas com o "pano" e com a rede de varredura em janeiro de 1978 em quatro campos, no Paraná mostraram maior número de atrópodos/m com o “pano” do que com qualquer uma das três variantes do uso da rede. A passagem da rede transversalmente sobre uma fileira em forma de "oito aberto", foi a variante que coletou maior número de artrópodos em soja com o uso deste método.
Principais aspectos da biologia da mosca do sorgo, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett, 1898) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Viana P. A. , Waquil J . M. , De Lucena A. I. T.
Published: May 2021

O mosca do sorgo, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett, 1898) (Diptera: Cecicomyiidae) constitui um dos sérios problemas para o cultivo do sorgo no Brasil. A sua biologia foi estudada no Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench em ambiente de laboratório, para as condições de Sete Lagoas, MG, sendo repetida em 5 épocas com intervalo de 20 dias.

Observou-se o florescimento das panículas e o controle de oviposição de mosca. As plantas foram levadas para o laboratório e mantidas em provetas com água. Suas espiguetes foram examinadas diariamente para identificação das fases do inseto. O período médio de incubação foi de 3,00 ± 0,00 dias, o larval de 8,20 ± 0,08 dias e o pupal de 3,77 ± 0,09 dias. A menor mortalidade deu- se na fase de ovo e a maior na fase de larva.
Pharmacokinetics of Pentanedioic Acid Imidazolyl Ethanamide in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Gordeev I. G. , Kazey V. I. , Kapashin A. V. , Luchinkina E. Е. , Globenko A. A. , Vladykin А. L. , Jain E. A. , Cherenkova A. I. , Kokorin I. A. , Levchuk N. N. , Smolina Т. V. , Sobolev Р. D. , Gorbacheva  S. Yu.
Published: May 2021

Relevance. Pentanedioic acid imidazolyl ethanamide (PAIE) has been used clinically as an antiviral agent for a long time, however, there is no information in the available literature concerning the dependence of PAIE pharmacokinetics on isoenzymes polymorphism of the cytochrome P450 system (CYP), as well as on the variability of pharmacokinetic parameters in humans. The aim of the study is to determine the main pharmacokinetic parameters of PAIE in healthy volunteers and to assess the contribution of polymorphism of CYP P450 isoenzymes to the variability of pharmacokinetic parameters.

Material and methods. The study included 12 healthy volunteers (5 men and 7 women) of the Caucasian race, who took In[1]gavirin® at a dose of 180 mg (2 capsules of 90 mg) on an empty stomach during two dosing periods, separated by a 7-day washout period. Determination of PAIE concentration in blood plasma and urine samples was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Polymorphism of CYP genes was analyzed using the polymerase chain re[1]action method in order to analyze the pharmacogenetic features of PAIE metabolism in volunteers during the study.

Results. After oral administration, PAIE quickly reached the systemic circulation: the maximum concentration of 578.88±145.21 ng/ml was observed after about 2 hours. Pharmacokinetic parameters of PAIE did not show high intraindividual variability and did not depend on polymorphism of isoenzymes CYP1A1, CYP2C9, and CYP2D6. Within 48 hours after the administration of the studied drug, about half of the taken dose of PAIE was excreted in the urine unchanged, which indicates a significant contribution of the kidneys to the elimination of PAIE. The only adverse event registered in 1 volunteer was a clinically insignificant decrease in the level of leukocytes, which did not require medical intervention and was resolved without consequences.

Conclusion. PAIE is characterized by predictable pharmacokinetics, low intraindividual variability of pharmacokinetic parameters, and a favorable safety profile.
Earthquake in Denmark
Authors: Gregersen Søren , Hjelme Jørgen , Hjortenberg Erik
Published: May 2021

Within the last two decades the sensitivity to small earthquakes has been much
improved in Denrnark. Two to ten earthquakes are recorded each year of magnitudes 1% to 4%. The seismicity pattem seen in recent data basically confirms the
patterns noted from previous instrumental locations, as well as from felt areas of
older dates. This means earthquake activity cutting off the earthquake zones of
western Nonvay and of southem Sweden: (1) In north-western Jylland, and in
the Skagerrak Sea the earthquake zone cuts off a zone of earthquakes along the
western coast of Norway. At least some of these earthquakes in Jylland and
Skagerrak occur at depths 30-40 km, close to Moho. (2) In north-eastern Sjaelland
and in the Kattegat Sea, as well as around Bornholm the earthquake activity
occurs in the upper crust, at depths shallower than 15 km. This appears as the
south-western boundary of the scattered activity in south-western Sweden.
In general terms this can be considered the south-western rheological edge of
the Fennoscandian Shield. The north-western earthquake zone is along the middle axis of the Norwegian-Danish Basin, and the eastern earthquake zone is in
the Tornquist Zone. The two earthquake zones are not connected. This can not be
ascribed to lack of sensitivity, so the Fennoscandian Border Zone can not be
termed active as such. The central part of Denrnark is aseisrnic; and the same is
true for the south-western part of Denmark and northern Germany.
In the North Sea the graben area is the most active. The Viking Graben in the
north has a significant earthquake activity, and the Central Graben, which goes
through the Danish sector of the North Sea has small, but noticeable activity. On
the British side of the graben there are additional active areas.
The stress field responsible for these earthquakes is rather uniform across the
Fennoscandian Border Zone, with scattered exceptions. It reflects the general
NW-SE compression of northem Europe between the North Atlantic spreading
ridge and the Alpine collision between Europe and Africa.
Nøvling: An unusual salt structure on the soutbern margin af the Danish Basin
Authors: Madirazza Ivan , Jacobsen Bo Holm
Published: May 2021

The N~vling salt structure is located on the southern margin of the Danish
Zechstein Basin. The present study of this structure is based on a detailed gravity
survey, reflection and refraction seismic data, and well information. Apart from
the exploratory well NØvling-l, and a shallower well Herning-l, a number of
wells, mainly 20-30 m deep, were drilled in this general area (by the Geological
Survey of Denmark). Through this combined study using geological and geophysical methods it is possible to distinguish several stages in the development
of the N~vling structure. It is shown that these stages are closely related to faulting at the base Zechstein level. The faulting, which apparently started as normal
faulting in the Triassic, triggered the first salt movements from the deeper parts
of the basin to this peripheral area. The faulting was reactivated during the late
Jurassic, resulting in the formation of a salt pillow. The tectonic regime changed
in the post-Paleocene tertiary when transpressional movements along a prominent basement wrench fault became dominant. This ultimately resulted in the
formation of a positive flower structure and the uplifting of the Saale Quatemary
surface. At shallow depths the salt became dissolved creating a topographic depression above the flower structure. The present depression was formed at the
beginning of the last late glacial time. Quatemary landforms in the N~vling area
are therefore greatly influenced by recent tectonic events.