bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of male goat embryos in vitro by using swim-up of epididymal spermatozoa
Authors: Al-Timimi Ihsan H. S.
Published: December 2021

The main objectives of this study is the separation of X from Y bearing epididymal spermatozoa of local buck by swim-up, and the use of this spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization to determine the percentage of produced male and female embryos. The sex of produced embryo was identified by polymerase chain reaction. Testis of the local buck were obtained from Al-Shu'alah abattoir and the epididymal spermatozoa were harvested from the cauda by and submitted to in vitro maturation prior to separation of X from Y bearing spermatozoa and prior to their use for in vitro fertilization. For the separation of epididymal spermatozoa, swim-up technique was used with centrifugation at 200×g or 300×g. The centrifugation at 200×g showed that 41.84±1.39 % of spermatozoa were detected in the supernatant while the precipitate contained 50.69±0.71 and the mean of the sperm lost was 7.65±0.93. After centrifugation, spermatozoa in the supernatant were used for in vitro fertilization of matured oocytes. The sex of in vitro produced goat embryos was determined by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers to detect of SRY gene. The percentage of total goat embryos obtained after in vitro fertilization by sperms selected using swim-up at centrifugation force of 200×g recorded 79.66 % male embryos while female embryos recorded only 20.33 %. At the end, the results showed the ability of selection male embryos in caprine by application of swim-up technique on epididymal spermatozoa with centrifugation at 200×g.
Ultrasonography of urinary system in normal Iraqi buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Al-Iraqi Osamah Muwaffag
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound in the examination of urinary system in buffaloes. Ultrasonography of the urinary system was done for 60 local buffaloes breed, 1-15 years old of both sexes in Mosul/Iraq, and they then were divided into two groups according to age, 25 calves less than 2 years and 35 adults 2-15 years. Kidney measurements are taken from three different sites (right lumbar, right sublumbar and right twelfth intercostal space. The right sublumbar region is the best area for getting good ultrasonographic images (in both adult and calves) followed by right lumbar region which gives clear images in adult buffaloes. Ultrasonographic examination for the left and right kidneys in adult buffalo and their calves showed no significant difference in kidney measurements from different sites (lumbar, sublumbar, twelve intercostal space). The results showed that the mean thickness of right kidney of buffaloes aged 2-15 years from right sublumbar region was (7.40±0.13) centimeters and in buffalo calves was (5.29±0.23) cm. The mean thickness of left kidney of buffaloes from right sublumbar region was (7.30±0.20) cm, and in buffalo calves was (5.06±0.59) cm. The urinary bladder is easily observed by ultrasonography per-rectum in adult and percutaneous in calves (right sublumbar region). The urinary bladder appears as circumscribed round to oval structure in the pelvic area. It usually contains anechoic to hypoechoic urine. The wall of urinary bladder is echogenic, smooth and its thickness varies with the amount of bladder distention. Positive correlation between right kidney thickness (cm) (from right sublumbar region) and the age (months) for buffaloes (0.627).
The Role of Diversity in Company Productivity: The Case of the Bank Sector in Kosovo
Authors: Mulhaxha Bardha , Ramosaj Berim
Published: December 2021

Importance to identifying how diversity affects individual and group productivity in todays globalized world is increasing. The purpose of this research lies in the phenomenon of diversity and further analysis of the impact that diversity has on the work environment. To conduct this research, I interviewed 20 managers and 30 employees of the banking sector regarding the composition of their staff with emphasis on diversity. The data were processed using the statistical analysis of SPSS program. Human resources have positively influenced the increase of success, productivity and has eased problem solving, bettered performance, training, salary, and diversity of employees. This study will have practical significance in the easier approach of problems in human resource management and their motivation.
Ekogentrifikaatio
Authors: Wallin Antti
Published: December 2021

Kaupungistuminen jatkuu ja kaupunkimaisen elämäntyylin suosio kasvaa edelleen. Taloudellisten kasvuvaatimusten lisäksi kaupungit yrittävät nyt pikaisesti vastata kestävän kehityksen vaatimuksiin. Käynnissä on kaupunkien kestävyysmurros, jota tehdään erilaisten kestävyystoimien avulla. Käyttämättömäksi jääneitä teollisuusalueita puhdistetaan ja muutetaan asuin- ja liikekäyttöön, puistoja ja viheralueita rakennetaan teollisen infrastruktuurin tilalle, kiinteistöihin tehdään energiaremontteja ja alueita valmistellaan kohtaamaan ilmastonmuutoksen seuraukset. Kaupunkien kestävyystoimet nostavat asumisen hintaa ja houkuttelevat hyvätuloisia ihmisiä ydinkaupunkiin palveluiden, liikenneyhteyksien ja puistojen äärelle. Tässä kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tarkastelen ekogentrifikaatiota. Tutkimuskirjallisuuden pohjalta tekemäni määritelmän mukaan ekogentrifikaatio on symbolisten ja/tai materiaalisten ekologisten toimien avulla tahallisesti tai tahattomasti tuotettua alueen asukasrakenteen sosioekonomista muutosta varakkaiden alueeksi. Etsin tutkimuskirjallisuudesta vastausta kysymykseen, miten kaupunkien kestävyysmurros mahdollisesti vaikuttaa alueelliseen erilaistumiseen. Kysyn kirjallisuudelta, millaisia muotoja ekogentrifikaatiolla on, miten kestävyysmurros vaikuttaa alueellisen erilaistumisen dynamiikkaan ja mitä asialle pitäisi tehdä. Vastaavaa keskustelua ei olla Suomessa vielä juuri käyty. Tutkimus tuo lisää tietoa kestävyysmurroksen toisinaan yllättävistäkin sosiaalisista seurauksista. Ekohyvinvointivaltion kehittämisessä näihin tulee kiinnittää huomiota, mikä edellyttää empiirisen tutkimuksen kohdistamista kaupunkien kestävyystoimien moninaisiin vaikutuksiin.
Reilu siirtymä, ekologinen solidaarisuus ja kestävyysmurroksen mahdollisuus
Authors: Huttunen Suvi , Rekola Aino
Published: December 2021

Ekologisen kriisin ratkaisemiseksi tarvittavan kestävyysmurroksen yhteydessä on lisääntyvästi alettu keskustella oikeudenmukaisuudesta tai reiluudesta. Reilu siirtymä tarkoittaa sosiaalisen oikeudenmukaisuuden nostamista keskeiseksi osaksi ympäristökriisin ratkaisua, mikä on tärkeää sekä siirtymän hyväksyttävyyden että toimivan toteutuksen kannalta. Samalla oikeudenmukaisuuden korostaminen pitää kuitenkin sisällään riskin ympäristökriisin ratkaisemisen hidastumisesta. Erityisesti näin voi käydä, mikäli oikeudenmukaisuus kääntyy tarkoittamaan oikeutta kestämättömien elämäntapojen ja yhteiskuntarakenteiden ylläpitämiseen. Tarkastelemme tässä katsauksessa reilua siirtymää kriittisesti ja nostamme esiin ekologisen solidaarisuuden ajatuksen oikeudenmukaisuutta täydentävänä käsitteenä.  Reilu siirtymä on aito mahdollisuus ekologisen, sosiaalisen ja taloudellisen kestävyyden yhdistämiseen uudenlaisella tavalla ja sitä kautta myös ekologisen hyvinvointivaltion kehittämiseen. Tämä kuitenkin edellyttää, että ekologinen ulottuvuus nostetaan keskeiseksi osaksi oikeudenmukaisuuden ymmärrystä. Tällöin oikeudenmukaisuus ulotetaan tarkoittamaan ei-inhimillistä luontoa, minkä lisäksi solidaarisuus haavoittuvassa asemassa olevia kohtaan pitää sisällään sekä luonnon että ihmiset. Näin reilu ekohyvinvointivaltio voi saada avarampia tulevaisuuden visioita aidosti ekologisesti kestävästä hyvinvoinnista.
Terveyspolitiikan mahdollisuudet ekohyvinvointivaltiossa
Authors: Kuukka Katja
Published: December 2021

Ilmastonmuutos on laajuudessaan ja ennustamattomuudessaan aikamme suurimpia uhkia sekä ihmisen että planeetan terveydelle. Se on myös haaste hyvinvointivaltion poliittiselle järjestelmälle, sillä perinteisesti ihmisten hyvinvoinnin ja terveyden on nähty olevan yhteydessä talouskasvuun. Talouskasvu puolestaan tuottaa yhä enemmän sosiaalisia ja ekologisia ongelmia, jotka vaativat poliittista huomiota. Tässä katsauksessa pohditaan sitä, miten niin sanotun ekohyvinvointivaltion ja terveyden edistämisen päämäärät voitaisiin sovittaa yhteen sekä millaisia tähän saakka käsittelemättömiä haasteita tässä saattaa olla. Mitä tapahtuu esimerkiksi terveyden ja terveyspalvelujen oikeudenmukaisuudelle ja tasa-arvolle, mikäli pyritään pois talouskasvusta? Entä miten ekologinen ja sosiaalinen kestävyys saadaan kokonaisvaltaiseksi osaksi terveyden edistämistä ja terveyspolitiikkaa?
Valtion ja yritysten roolit ekohyvinvointivaltioon kytkeytyvien toimitusketjujen sääntelyssä
Authors: Lähteenmäki-Uutela Anu , Bask Anu , Laari Sini , Korhonen Outi
Published: December 2021

Ekologisesti ja sosiaalisesti kestävää yhteiskuntaa ja ns. ekohyvinvointivaltiota rakennettaessa tulee kohdistaa huomiota myös valtion ulkopuolelle kytkeytyviin toimitusketjuihin. Toimitusketjuissa voi ilmetä haastavia ihmisoikeus- ja ympäristöongelmia. Esimerkiksi pakkotyöhön, lapsityöhön ja epäinhimillisiin työskentelyolosuhteisiin on puututtava. Ilmastokriisin ratkaisemiseksi ja globaalin luontokadon torjumiseksi on tärkeä säännellä myös toimitusketjuja, ei vain omassa maassa tapahtuvaa tuotantoa. Valtioiden tulee asettaa tuontituotteille kestävyyskriteerit ja vaatia yrityksiltään vastuullista toimitusketjujen johtamista. Minimissään yritysten tulee noudattaa pakottavaa sääntelyä. Edelläkävijäyrityksille jää tilaa proaktiivisesti kehittää toimitusketjuja vielä paremmiksi kunkin yrityksen arvojen mukaan. Kontribuutiomme on tuoda valtion kauppaa ja toimitusketjuja koskevan sääntelyn sekä yritysten vastuullisen toimitusketjujen hallinnan näkökulmat ekohyvinvaltiokeskusteluun.
Teollinen murros ekohyvinvointivaltiossa
Authors: Toivanen Tero , Vadén Tere , Majava Antti , Järvensivu Paavo , Lähde Ville , Eronen Jussi T.
Published: December 2021

Suomen kaltaisia hyvinvointivaltioita pidetään lupaavina toimijoina kehityksessä kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota, joiden tehtävänä on sopeuttaa taloudellinen ja sosiaalinen kehitys ekologisiin rajoihin. Tutkimuksessa on kuitenkin toistaiseksi kiinnitetty vain vähän huomiota teolliseen kestävyysmurrokseen ekohyvinvointivaltioiden ratkaisevana osa-alueena. Artikkelissa tarkastelemme, kuinka ekohyvinvointivaltion ja kestävyysmurroksen tavoitteet toteutuvat Suomessa vuosina 2019–2020 toteutetuissa teollisuuden vähähiilitiekartoissa. Aineistona käytämme raskaan teollisuuden tiekarttoja ja niiden taustaselvityksiä. Aineistoamme täydentävät tiekarttatyössä mukana olleiden tai teollista murrosta tuntevien asiantuntijoiden teemahaastattelut (21 kpl). Artikkelimme osoittaa, että tiekarttatyö edisti merkittävästi teollisuuden ymmärrystä kestävyysmurroksen edellytyksistä ja haasteista. Toisaalta osoitamme, että tiekartat sisältävät nopean kestävyysmurroksen toteuttamisen näkökulmasta monia ongelmallisia kehystyksiä ja oletuksia. Tiekartat performoivat varsin optimistista teollista tulevaisuuskehitystä, mutta yhteiskunnallista aineenvaihduntaa eli resurssien ja energian käyttöä koskevat oletukset ovat vielä kestämättömällä pohjalla. Valaisemme tätä ongelmaa erityisesti metsäbiomassojen käytön tarkastelulla. Tiekartoista myös puuttuu teollisten alojen ja niiden resurssien käytön riittävä ylisektoraalinen tarkastelu, eikä julkisen vallan ja teollisuuden välistä teollisuuspoliittista suhdetta tarkastella riittävästi.
Kestävyystutkimuksen teemoja matkalla kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota
Authors: Levänen Jarkko
Published: December 2021

Kestävyystutkimuksella on tärkeä rooli matkalla kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota, jossa kansalaisten hyvinvointi toteutuu ekologisen kestävyyden rajoissa. On tärkeää huomioida, että voidakseen tuottaa tällaisen siirtymän kannalta relevanttia tietoa, kestävyystutkimukselta vaaditaan jatkuvaa uudistumista paitsi metodologisesti myös kiinnostuksen kohteidensa osalta. Kestävyystutkimusta ja ekohyvinvointivaltiota tulisikin kehittää dialogisessa suhteessa ja samanaikaisesti siten, että tutkimuskysymysten asettelu vastaa parasta mahdollista käsitystä hyvän elämän ekologisista, sosiaalisista ja taloudellisista reunaehdoista. Näin tehden, voimme ymmärtää riittävällä tavalla niitä yhteiskunnallisia muutoksia, joita siirtymä kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota edellyttää. Tässä katsauksessa perehdyn sellaisiin kestävyystutkimuksen teemoihin, jotka tässä hetkessä näyttäisivät vaativan erityisen paljon huomiota ekohyvinvointivaltion kehittämisen kannalta. Tarkasteltavat teemat ovat talous, hyvinvointi sekä siirtymän hallinta, joita lähestyn paitsi tutkimuksellisina ja yhteiskunnallisina haasteina myös niihin sisältyvien mahdollisuuksien kautta. Tarkastelun johdattamana tuon esiin aikaperspektiivien merkityksen matkalla kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota: voidaksemme saavuttaa hyvinvoinnille kestävän perustan, meidän on kyettävä samanaikaisesti tekemään nopeita muutoksia sekä pitkän aikavälin harkintaan perustuvia sitoumuksia ja hankaliakin valintoja niin yksilöinä kuin yhteiskuntanakin. Joissakin tapauksissa nämä toimenpiteet voivat vaikuttaa jopa keskenään ristiriitaisilta.
Tietotalouden geopolitiikkaa ja tilatulkintoja
Authors: Kortelainen Jarmo
Published: December 2021

Kirja-arvio Sami Moision teoksesta Geopolitics of the Knowledge-Based Economy. Kustantaja Routledge, London and New York, 2017. (182 s.)
Kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota
Authors: Hirvilammi Tuuli , Peltomaa Juha , Mervaala Erkki
Published: December 2021

Pääkirjoitus Alue ja Ympäristö -lehden teemanumeroon 2/2021 Kohti ekohyvinvointivaltiota.
Note a frammenti esiodei
Authors: Meliadò Claudio
Published: December 2021

This paper deals with P.Oxy. 2500 and 2501, two Hesiodic papyrus fragments usually ascribed to the Catalogue of Women. New readings and supplements are provided, along with a new edition of fr. 253 M.-W.
Notes on P.Oxy. XXXII 2636 (Commentary to Pindar?)
Authors: Prodi Enrico Emanuele
Published: December 2021

This paper re-examines an anonymous commentary to two anonymous lyric texts (possibly by Pindar) preserved by P.Oxy. XXXII 2636. It offers a fresh critical text and apparatus, followed by exegetical notes on several passages. Parallels from Pindaric praise poetry allow a richer reconstruction of the original contents.
Athenaeus and Hellenistic Epigram
Authors: Bowie Ewen
Published: December 2021

I explore the distribution of Athenaeus’ citations of Hellenistic epigrams, in what sort of texts he found them, and whether he knew Meleager’s Garland. Listing poems cited, I note as absent Asclepiades, Dioscorides, Leonidas, and Meleager. I suggest Athenaeus knew either single-author books or a collection of all or many of some poets’ epigrams. Reviewing hypotheses about such a collection (probably of Poseidippus, Asclepiades and Hedylus), I propose that Athenaeus spotted Hedylus on encountering the three-author collection, then turned to single-author editions of two of these poets, Poseidippus and Hedylus, citing poems either that Meleager chanced not to select or that he knew not to be in his Garland.
Un cavallo nell’Elisio (Auson. Epigr. 7 Green)
Authors: Mondin Luca
Published: December 2021

Composed on imperial commission, the elegant verse epitaph for the racehorse Phosphorus is an outstanding example of Ausonius’ poetic memory and a sophisticated essay of his technique of allusion. The three main models that innervate the text – two epigrams by Martial and a passage from Nemesianus’ Cynegetica – are signalised through three distinct references or ‘quotations’ concentrated in the first line, which sums up the ‘intertextual project’ of the poem. The paper aims to describe this feature of the epigram in detail; the analysis is completed by a fresh attempt to correct the scribal error that affects the last line of the text in the unique manuscript.
Forgotten Scholarship: Gustav Adolf Schöll, Herodotus, and Greek Oracular Poetry
Authors: Giangiulio Maurizio
Published: December 2021

Schöll’s thesis that there was a network of epic narratives with legendary and oracular contents written by chresmologues and prophets can no longer be supported. We should admit, instead, that the oracular stories about the local past that Schöll most acutely detected were in most cases handed down by work of mouth. Oral tradition – or, rather, ‘semi-oral’ – must be given pre-eminence over chresmological epic. Still, Schöll had insights of the greatest importance concerning the oracular tradition in Herodotus. Today, we can realise it far better than the philologists of his times and the great scholars of Herodotus who came after him have been able to do.
ἀφθόνητος αἶνος Su tre lemmi pindarici dell’Antiatticista
Authors: Tribulato Olga
Published: December 2021

Among other peculiarities, the 2nd-century CE Atticist lexicon that goes under the name ofAntiatticistacontains seven entries exemplified with references to Pindar (not an Attic author), a fact that sets it apart from other Atticist lexica of the same period. This paper tackles the verbal adjective ἀφθόνητος and the irregular comparatives ἀφθονέστερος and ἀρχαιέστερος in order to show that two criteria guided the inclusion of these Pindaric words into the lexicon. The first, and more superficial, criterion concerns the word-formation of verbal adjectives and comparatives, and their relation with other (often more regular or more frequent) forms. The second criterion concerns semantic change, and especially the use of certain words in post-Classical and Byzantine Greek vis-à-vis the Classical models. The consideration of both criteria allows a more fine-grained interpretation of theAntiatticista’s methodology and its recourse to a wide range of Classical authors to illustrate, and defend, developments of post-Classical Greek.
Asistencia sanitaria femenina a finales del Antiguo Régimen: el hospital de los Luna o de mujeres de Calatayud
Authors: Del Olivo Ferreiro Jorge
Published: December 2021

El Hospital de Mujeres de Calatayud, obra pía de D. Pedro y D. Luis Martínez de Luna a finales del siglo XVII, representa la idea de asistencia sanitaria que predominaba en la Edad Moderna peninsular: En primer lugar, se trata de un caso de patronazgo nobiliar que debía asegurar a sus fundadores una presencia en el espacio urbano y en la memoria de sus vecinos; en segundo lugar, una racionalización de la asistencia sanitaria que empezó a situar en su lugar la curación del cuerpo —como puede dar idea el completo cuerpo médico con que va a contar y el literal de las Ordinaciones de 1739 que regula el funcionamiento del nosocomio bilbilitano—; y, en tercer lugar, una muestra de la evolución de la beneficencia a través de una dotación económica basada en propiedades urbanas y rústicas lo suficientemente cuantiosa como para satisfacer las necesidades que genera el funcionamiento del propio centro con esta capacidad asistencial y elevado número de camas y entregar, además, limosna a las mujeres que son dadas de alta documentada a principios del siglo XIX. Su desaparición se produce en un momento de crisis económica, producto de la Primera Guerra Carlista, y la necesidad de poder mantener un hospital municipal que hiciese las veces de general.
Tráfico privado de oficios y corrupción en el virreinato del Perú (1708-1719)
Authors: Andújar Castillo Francisco
Published: December 2021

Durante las dos primeras décadas del siglo XVIII se desarrolló en el virreinato del Perú -y probablemente también en el de Nueva España- un mercado secundario de ventas de empleos de gobierno político, ignorado por completo hasta ahora por la historiografía. Dos factores posibilitaron la existencia de ese mercado. Por un lado, la compra de cargos en Madrid con facultad de transferirlos a terceras personas, para lo cual se abonaba una cantidad superior por cada puesto. Por otro lado, por la corrupción de los virreyes que, sin tener potestad para ello, permitían, previo cobro de dinero, la venta entre particulares de los cargos beneficiados en la Corte. La convergencia de ambos factores alteró de manera sustancial el sistema de gobierno político del “beneficio” trazado desde el poder central pues acabaron ejerciendo los cargos quienes jamás fueron nombrados por el rey.
Corrupción y conflicto en el gobierno virreinal de América, siglos XVII y XVIII: introducción
Authors: Ponce Leiva Pilar , Villarreal Brasca Amorina
Published: December 2021

El presente dossier es uno de los resultados de la colaboración entre el proyecto I+D Dinámicas de corrupción en España y América en los siglos XVII y XVIII: prácticas y mecanismos de control y la Casa de Velázquez entre los años 2019 y 2021 (Proyecto HISCOR). Los textos en él incluidos ofrecen una revisión y ampliación de algunas ponencias presentadas en el Seminario Trayectorias virreinales en las Indias negocios privados y servicio al rey (siglos XVI-XVIII), celebrado el 6 y 7 de febrero de 2020 en Madrid.
Por los caminos del siglo XVI. El hospedaje en la senda Granada-Motril a su paso por el Valle de Lecrín
Authors: Molina Fajardo María Aurora
Published: December 2021

Este artículo estudia las ventas y los mesones que existieron en el camino real que unía Granada con Motril a su paso por el Valle de Lecrín durante el siglo XVI. Históricamente esta comarca ha sido un lugar muy pasajero, si bien este aspecto no ha recibido especial atención hasta el momento. En este texto se documentan y rescatan las hospederías que sirvieron a dicha vía, reconociendo las ruinas y vestigios materiales (cuando esto es posible) de este patrimonio tan esquilmado y desconocido.
De Valladolid a Granada. La memoria última de Don Cristóbal Vaca de Castro
Authors: Collado Ruiz María José
Published: December 2021

El enterramiento de Don Pedro de Castro está en una pequeña y poco conocida capilla en la iglesia del Sacromonte. Menos conocido es que junto a él reposa el cadáver de su padre Don Cristóbal Vaca de Castro, el controvertido gobernador del Perú. Que tuvo como uno de sus máximos anhelos el de perpetuar su memoria gracias al patronato de una capilla funeraria en un convento de Valladolid. Su hijo antes de tomar la decisión de trasladarlo a la abadía granadina llegó a concretar el patronato familiar del Colegio de la Compañía de Jesús en la ciudad castellana. El modo en que se concretaron estos acuerdos y las condiciones en que se debía materializar este proyecto son el objeto de este artículo. En que además se relata el periplo póstumo al que se vieron sometidos los restos mortales del padre y de otros miembros de la familia
Image-Building and Navigational Functions of Urban Environment Texts (by the Material of Ulan-Ude Ergourbonyms)
Authors: Varfolomeeva Yulia Nikolaevna
Published: December 2021

The research aims to analyse urban environment texts in order to carry out a systematisation of Ulan-Ude ergourbonyms. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that there are no works in the field of studying the ergourbonymy of Ulan-Ude. The paper involves unused factual material, identifies thematic groups of ergourbonyms and their functions. The research findings have shown that there are foreign-language, brand, historically oriented, geographical, ethnic, functional, vernacular, colloquial and other names that can be distinguished among ergourbonyms. Acting as urban toponyms, ergourbonyms perform a navigational function, making it possible for people to orient themselves in the urban space, as well as an image-building function, forming the image of a particular city.
Logosemic and Communicemic Structure of a Small Genre Literary Text (by the Material of W. Borchert’s Short Story “Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch” (“Rats Do Sleep at Night”))
Authors: Makarenko Anastasia Sergeevna
Published: December 2021

The study aims to identify the internal semantic structure of small genre literary texts, as well as ways of meaning generation. The paper carries out a morphothemic analysis of the small genre literary text “Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch” (“Rats Do Sleep at Night”) by W. Borchert, which addresses the topic of war. Scientific novelty lies in constructing vertical syntagmemes as connecting links of texteme blocks in order to identify deep communicative meanings in the literary text. As a result, on the basis of the cogitology concept, implicit hidden meanings given by the author, as well as logical and semantic blocks of the linguemes involved in the text have been identified.
Formación de profesores, currículo e infancia en comunidades tradicionales en la Amazonia
Authors: Damacena Fabiola Aparecida F. , Lopes Raquel
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo discute la posibilidad de implementar una nueva política de atención educacional a la infancia rural por medio de cambios en el currículo de los cursos de formación docente. Así pues, su principal objetivo es presentar evidencias para establecer cambios paradigmáticos en la matriz sociopedagógica de los procesos formativos de los futuros docentes. Se  señalan aspectos de una experiencia concreta realizada entre los años 2015 y 2019 en el interior de la Amazonia brasileña, más específicamente en el suroeste paraense. La metodología de análisis que se ha utilizado se afianza en la investigación narrativa por tratarse de un relato de experiencia en la formación de docentes en los procesos de desarrollo profesional relacionados con la infancia. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo por considerar el análisis de los datos, la subjetividad y la participación del investigador como parte de la experiencia relatada. Los resultados más importantes indican la urgente necesidad de invertir la lógica de la formación docente para superar la perspectiva abstracta basada en supuestos universalizantes y colonizadores, como también aproximar los fundamentos de los procesos formativos a las características del territorio de su efectivización y de los sujetos que allí están implicados, teniendo en cuenta prioritariamente a los infantes a los que se va a atender. En esa dirección, el diálogo con los datos lleva a la conclusión ineludible de que es urgente fundamentar el currículo de los cursos de formación docente en ejes estructurantes ligados a la práctica pedagógica, a la diversidad sociocultural y a los derechos humanos.
WAWASAN NUSANTARA
Authors: Djami Nova Rosniati
Published: December 2021

Wawasan Nusantara merupakan cara pandang terhadap bangsa dengan tujuan menjaga persatuan dan kesatuan, yang diwujudkan dengan mengutamakan kepentingan nasional dibanding kepentingan pribadi, kelompok atau golongan tertentu.Wawasan Nusantara sendiri digunakan sebagai pedoman, motivasi, dorongan, dan rambu?rambu dalam menentukan kebijaksanaan, keputusan, tindakan dalam penyelenggaraan negara di tingkat pusat dan daerah maupun bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara. Simak penjelasan lebih lengkapnya mengenai wawasan nusantara berikut ini:
Kelompok kerja dan komunikasi dalam organisasi
Authors: Nurfadila Dayang
Published: December 2021

Kelompok kerja dalam organisasi adalah kelompok yang disusun oleh organisasi dengan tujuan untuk menjalankan berbagai pekerjaan yang terkait dengan pencapaian tujuan organisasi.Komunikasi dapat didefenisikan sebagai memberi atau tukar informasi, isyarat, atau pesan melalui kata, gerakan badan atau tulisan. Defenisi ini menandakan bahwa komunikasi sebagai sebagai satu proses sepihak. Tapi sebenarnya tidaklah begitu, komunikasi bukan hanya sekedar menyampaikan pesan. Ini menyangkut interaksi antara dua insan atau lebih . agar komunikasi menjadi efektif, kedua pihak harus terus menerus memberi dan menerima informasi baik lisan maupun tertulis.Suatu keterampilan utama yang diharapkan dari seorang manajer ialahkemampuan untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif.
Who’s been using my burial mound? Radiocarbon dating and isotopic tracing of human diet and mobility at the collective burial site, Le Tumulus des Sables, southwest France
Authors: Willmes Malte , Boel Ceridwen A. , Courtaud Patrice , Chancerel Antoine , Ciesielski Elsa , Desideri Jocelyne , Bridy Audrey , Wood Rachel , Moffat Ian , Fallon Stewart , McMorrow Linda , Armstrong Richard , Williams Ian S. , Kinsley Leslie , aubert maxime , Eggins Stephen , Frieman Catherine J. , Grün Rainer
Published: December 2021

The burial mound of Le Tumulus des Sables, southwest France, contains archaeological artefacts spanning from the Neolithic to the Iron Age. Human remains have been found throughout the burial mound, however their highly fragmented state complicates the association between the burial mound structure and the archaeological material. Radiocarbon dating and isotopic analyses of human teeth have been used to investigate the chronology, diet and mobility of the occupants. Radiocarbon dating shows that the site was used for burials from the Neolithic to Iron Age, consistent with the range of archaeological artefacts recovered. δ13C and δ15N values (from dentine collagen) suggest a predominately terrestrial diet for the population, unchanging through time. 87Sr/86Sr (on enamel and dentine) and δ18O (on enamel) values are consistent with occupation of the surrounding region, with one individual having a δ18O value consistent with a childhood spent elsewhere, in a colder climate region. These results showcase the complex reuse of this burial mound by a mostly local population over a period of about 2000 years.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN
Authors: israeni
Published: December 2021

Marketing strategy is marketing logic, and based on it, the business unit is expected to achieve its marketing objectives. The company's marketing strategy consists of making decisions about the company's marketing costs, marketing mix, and marketing allocation in relation to the expected environmental conditions under competitive conditions.
Understanding of Chemical Pollution
Authors: LE NGAN PHUONG
Published: December 2021

Understanding of Chemical Pollution
laporan keuangan
Authors: khairunnisa nur
Published: December 2021

Laporan keuangan merupakan untuk menyediakan informasi keuangan menimpa suatu badan usaha yang hendak dipergunakan oleh pihak– pihak yang berkepentingan selaku bahan pertimbangan di dalam pengambilan keputusan– keputusan ekonomi.
Haikikat Dasar Manusia
Authors: Polontalo Maulana Azizi
Published: December 2021

Manusia adalah makhluk yang diciptakan dengan kesempurnaan dalam cara berpikir serta caranya untuk mengendalikan diri. Manusia diberikan nafsu juga. Yaitu hasrat untuk mencapai tujuan dengan memenuhi syarat untuk menjadi manusia yang berkarakter. Dengan kelebihan akal pikiran dan budi pekerti yang Tuhan titipkan, manusia mampu berpikir tentang bagaimana cara ia hidup, dan bagaimana caranya untuk bertahan hidup. Dengan perkembangan pola pikir yang luas, setiap bentuk dari masalah yang dialaminya akan menemui jalan keluar sendiri.
Analisis Following to Follower Instagram pada 6 Brand Sepatu Lokal dengan Kualitas Bagus dan Harga Terjangkau
Authors: Gusmantoro Tri Cahyo
Published: December 2021

Instagram merupakan aplikasi sosial media yang diluncurkan oleh Facebook. Instagram menjadi tempat untuk menyampaikan pesan melalui foto dan video yang kreatif. Pengguna bisa mengambil foto dan/atau video, mengeditnya dengan berbagai tools dan filter, lalu mengunggahnya sekaligus di sosial media terpopuler ini. Aplikasi Instagram juga dapat dijadikan peluang bagi brand atau perusahaan sebagai platform social media marketing dikarenakan Instagram berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat beli atau berbelanja. Sehingga dengan ini, Instagram mampu memberikan peluang yang sangat tinggi bagi perusahaan-perusahaan dalam melakukan digital marketing. Adapun 6 Brand Sepatu Lokal yang memanfaatkan Instagram sebagai platform marketing, yaitu : Ventela Shoes, Aerostreet, Wakai Indonesia, Eagle Shoes, Footstep Footwear, dan Tomkins Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghitung kredibilitas dari performa akun Instagram 6 Brand Sepatu Lokal tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini yaitu metode eksploratif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa brand Tomkins Indonesia mendapatkan peringkat pertama dan memiliki kredibilitas performa akun yang baik.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA
Authors: Muhajir
Published: December 2021

Di masa lalu sebelum ilmu pemasaran berkembang dan dikenal secara luas seperti sekarang ini, setiap perusahaan berusaha untuk terlebih dahulu berproduksi sebanyak-banyaknya, baru kemudian berusha untuk menjualkannya kembali. Di masa sekarang, dimana tingkat persaingan yang demikian ketat, pola seperti diatas sudah lama ditinggalkan. Banyak produsen sebelum barangnya diproduksi terlebih dahulu melakukan riset pasar dengan berbagai cara. Tujuannya tak lain adalah untuk melihat kondisi permintaan yang ada sekarang ini terhadap produk yang akan diproduksi.Pasar dan pemasaran merupakan dua sisi yang tidak dapat dipisahkan satu sama lainnya. Pasar dan pemasaran memiliki tingkat ketergantungan yang tinggi dan saling mempengaruhi satu sama lainnya. Segmentasi pasar artinya membagi pasar menjadi beberapa kelompok pembeli yang berbeda yang mungkin memerlukan produk atau marketing mix yang berbeda pula.
Kedudukan Manusia
Authors: Nuriyah Inwanatun
Published: December 2021

Tulisan ini bermaksud mengulas kedudukan sebagai makhluk individu dan makhluk sosial. Hal ini dengan tujuan memberi wawasan kepada warga bangsa dalam hal: memahami hakikat manusia yang menjadi makhluk individu; dan memahami hakikat manusia yang menjadi makhluk sosial
Artikel Siti Nurhaliza
Authors: nurhalizah Siti Nurhaliza
Published: December 2021

Abstrak Algoritma adalah langkah atau urutan logis dalam proses pengambilan keputusan untuk memecahkan suatu masalah. Algoritma dapat ditulis dalam berbagai cara, termasuk bahasa sehari-hari, diagram alur, dan bahkan bahasa pemrograman seperti C dan C++. Algoritma ini juga memiliki diagram alir. Ini berarti diagram atau diagram langkah-langkah yang perlu diambil untuk memudahkan penyelesaian masalah. Bahasa pemrograman tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan tipe data (if/else, array). Ini memainkan peran penting bagi pemula dan siapa saja yang ingin terbiasa dengan bahasa pemrograman. Menulis artikel ilmiah akan membantu pembaca menjadi terbiasa dengan algoritma dan bahasa pemrograman. Kata kunci: algoritma, algoritma dan pemrograman, bahasa pemrograman, tipe data, algoritma tulis
Dampak daya intuisi terhadap problematika hari-hari ini
Authors: Rante Sandi
Published: December 2021

Intuisi berusaha membantu kita untuk menghilangkan sifat apologi kita dan praksis hegemoni tidak lagi membudaya pada diri setiap orang, sehingga dapat tercapai sebuah keharmonisan dalam kehidupan kita.
ANALISIS TRANSAKSI KREDIT PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL DALAM PENERAPAN KAIDAH KULU QARDHIN JARRA NAF’AN FAHUA RIBA
Authors: mar'atusholihah ghina , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: December 2021

Dalam penyaluran dana, sistem yang dianut perbankan konvensional dalam menyalurkan dananya dengan pemberian kredit maupun pemberian pembiayaan oleh bank kepada nasabahnya. Perjanjian kredit adalah suatu proses awal antara kreditor dan debitor yang diterapkan dalam sistem perbankan konvensional dalam upayanya untuk mengembangkan dana yang telah dihimpunnya dan juga untuk dimanfaatkan dananya dengan sebaik-baiknya. Dalam perjanjian kredit perbankan konvensional terdapat transaksi hutang piutang yang menguntungkan bagi muqaridh (piutang) sehingga hal ini berkaitan dengan kaidah جرم قرض كل ربا فهو منفعة memiliki arti “setiap hutang piutang yang mendatangkan manfaat (bagi piutang / muqaridh) adalah riba”.
ANALISIS TRANSAKSI KREDIT PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL DALAM PENERAPAN KAIDAH KULU QARDHIN JARRA NAF’AN FAHUA RIBA
Authors: mar'atusholihah ghina , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: December 2021

In the distribution of funds, the system adopted by conventional banking in distributing funds is by providing credit or providing financing by banks to their customers. Credit Agreement is an initial process between creditors and debtors that is applied in the conventional banking system in its efforts to develop the funds that have been collected and also to make the best use of the funds. In conventional banking credit agreements there are debt and receivable transactions that are profitable for muqaridh (receivables) so that this is related to the Rules كلربا فهو منفعة جرم قرض has the meaning "Every debt that brings benefits (for receivables / muqaridh) is usury"
Moving visual world experiments online? A web-based replication of Dijkgraaf, Hartsuiker, and Duyck (2017) using PCIbex and WebGazer.js
Authors: Slim Mieke Sarah , Hartsuiker Robert
Published: December 2021

The visual world paradigm is one of the most influential paradigms to study real-time language processing. The present study tested whether visual world studies can be moved online, using PCIbex software (Zehr & Schwarz, 2018) and the WebGazer.js algorithm (Papoutsaki et al., 2016) to collect eye-movement data. Experiment 1 was a fixation task in which the participants looked at a fixation cross in multiple positions on the computer screen. Experiment 2 was a web-based replication of a visual world experiment by Dijkgraaf, Hartsuiker and Duyck (2017). Firstly, both experiments revealed that the spatial accuracy of the data allowed us to distinguish looks across the four quadrants of the computer screen. This suggest that the spatial resolution of WebGazer.js is fine-grained enough for most visual world experiments (which typically involve a two-by-two quadrant-based set-up of the visual display). Secondly, both experiments revealed a delay of roughly 300 ms in the time course of the eye movements, possibly caused by the internal processing speed of the browser or WebGazer.js. This delay can be problematic in studying questions that require a fine-grained temporal resolution and requires further investigation.
Willingness
Authors: Grežo Matúš
Published: December 2021

Willingness and personality
Numerical cognition needs more and better distinctions, not fewer
Authors: Barth Hilary , Shusterman Anna
Published: December 2021

We agree that the ANS truly represents number. We endorse the authors’ conclusions on the arguments from confounds, congruency, and imprecision, though we disagree with many claims along the way. Here we discuss some complications with the meanings that undergird theories in numerical cognition, and with the language we use to communicate those theories.
“Ameliorating the Situation” of Empire: Slavery and Abolition in The Woman of Colour
Authors: Huang Kristina
Published: December 2021

In this essay, I examine how The Woman of Colour (1808) extends from the ameliorative context of the British slavery debates that were about reforming imperial rule overseas in the wake of the 1807 British abolition of the slave trade. By thinking alongside the work of Lisa Lowe’s The Intimacies of Four Continents, I argue that The Woman of Colour abstracts plantation slavery while positioning the protagonist Olivia Fairfield, a mixed-race heiress of a Jamaican plantation, as a figure of British imperial tutelage. The abstraction manifests through Dido, a secondary character whose relationship to Olivia is ambiguously presented to readers. Although the representation of Dido is akin to the grateful slave trope, the novel represents her as a dedicated servant to Olivia, implying that their relationship is benign and harmonious. By turning to Dido’s characterization and the pedagogical objectives of the novel, I identify a liberal imperial project in The Woman of Colour: the novel envisions a paternalistic notion of emancipation in Jamaica while remaining heavily invested in colonial governance of Black people.
Imperatives, Impossibilities, and Intimacies in the Imperial Archive: Chinese Men and Women of Colour in Early Nineteenth-Century Trinidad
Authors: Peters Catherine R.
Published: December 2021

In this article, I elaborate on Lisa Lowe’s “intimacies as method” by examining the case of 198 Chinese men conscripted to Trinidad in 1806. I argue that tracing Chinese migration to the Caribbean in the early nineteenth century demonstrates that the British empire began to imagine new hierarchies of unfreedom for people of Asian and African descent before the abolition of chattel slavery. British imperial actors hoped that Chinese men would assume a mediating function between white planters and the extant population of colour in Trinidad. This vision was predicated on the assumption that the migrants would partner with women of colour to form heterosexual intimacies while also refraining from other forms of socio-political contact with Afro-Trinidadians. Lowe’s intimacies as method guides my navigation of the imperial archive and, in particular, compels me to think relationally about differentially colonized and racialized sub jects in early nineteenth-century Trinidad, both as they were positioned in the colony and as they refused these stereotypes, brokering their own transactions and collaborations.
Parenting Practices and Emerging Adult Well-Being in the United States and China
Authors: Su Shu , McElwain Alyssa , Lin Xi
Published: December 2021

Parenting practices that promote or inhibit autonomy in their emerging adult child can impact the well-being of emerging adults. This study explored a variety of parenting practices and how these practices impact emerging adult well-being across two cultures. Associations between parental support, involvement, helicopter parenting, and psychological control and emerging adults’ well-being were compared between two samples of participants ages 18-25: American ( n = 643) and Chinese ( n = 514). Results indicate that parental support can promote well-being among emerging adults, but autonomy-limiting practices of psychological control and helicopter parenting seem to be unfavorable for emerging adults regardless of culture. Differences in reported mean levels of the four parenting practices were observed across the two culturally specific samples; however, the strength of associations between practices and emerging adult well-being was not statistically different.
Clinical profile, management and outcomes of class IV emphysematous pyelonephritis in a tertiary care center: A retrospective descriptive study
Authors: Manjunath R. , Bennikal M. , Dasar S.K. , Patil S.T.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Class IV Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a life-threatening infection of the kidney, and there is sparse data on immediate and long-term outcomes of medical management. The study aimed to review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, immediate and long-term outcomes of medical management, and outcome of patients presenting with class IV EPN

Methods. This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center in Dharwad, India. The study included class IV EPN patients admitted to the hospital between Jan 2012 to Dec 2019. The factors studied were demographics, comorbidities, radiological investigations, clinical presentation, urine, blood and pus culture, and sensitivity and treatment history. Immediate and long-term outcomes of medical management were determined. Descriptive analysis of the data was conducted. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and discrete variables in terms of number (%).

Results. Twenty-one patients with class IV EPN, with a mean age of 55.7 ±13.5 years, were analyzed. The majority were males (M: F 15:6). The patients were followed up for 32.70±21.12 months. Fever, flank or abdominal pain, and acute kidney injury were observed in all 21 patients, while nausea and/or vomiting and dysuria were seen in 16 (76.2%) patients. E. Coli was the most common pathogen found. Double J stenting was done in 20 (95.2%) patients; Ultrasonography guided aspiration 8(38.1%) and percutaneous drainage in 5 (23.8%) patients. One (4.8%) patient died during the first episode and 3(19%) others due to recurrent infection and end-stage renal disease.

Conclusions. Class IV Emphysematous pyelonephritis can be managed successfully by minimally invasive modalities. However, long-term morbidity and mortality risks are still negative.
Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Jordan: Application of the CAMELS Model
Authors: Jawarneh Saleh
Published: December 2021

The study aims to analyse and rank the financial performance of Jordanian commercial banks using the elements of the CAMELS model. The study relies on a sample of 12 Jordanian commercial banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange during the period 2016–2020. The study used variables included in the CAMELS model, namely: capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, profitability, liquidity, and sensitivity to market risks. The research results indicate that Jordanian commercial banks enjoy high Capital Adequacy Ratios that exceed the minimum required by the Central Bank of Jordan and the Basel Committee. Jordanian banks have a strong sensitivity to market risks; therefore, they can control market risks and face any risk to which they may be exposed as well as the variety of the securities invested in these banks. Jordanian commercial banks are also characterized by a good earning ability. On the other hand, Jordanian commercial banks have a weak asset quality, and they also maintain weak and insufficient liquidity ratios to meet any unforeseen needs. These banks also show weak management efficacy, and this rating reflects weak management in expense controls.
THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE AFTEREFFECT OF THE USE OF BIOMELIORANTS TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF DEGRADED SOD - PODZOLIC SOIL
Authors: Ilinskiy A.
Published: December 2021

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of the aftereffect of the use of biomeliorants (effluent and biocompost) to increase the productivity of soils in degraded reclaimed lands, carried out under the conditions of a lysimetric experiment on a stationary site, when growing annual grasses (vetch-oat mixture). It was experimentally established that effluent and biocompost based on sewage sludge and manure had a positive effect (in the first year of aftereffect) on the productivity and biological activity of soddy-podzolic sandy loam soil of fallow reclaimed agricultural lands.
THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT AND EARLY DRAMATURGY BY D. D. SHOSTAKOVICH
Authors: Ostrovskaya G.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the dramatic patterns in the early quartets of D. Shostakovich. The features of the content and form formation in the quartets are determined. The purpose of the study is to determine the specificity of thematic development, which determines the laws of musical drama. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the study of the peculiarities of the organization of the integral structure in quartets on the basis of the intonational unity of the parts, as a manifestation of the essence of D. Shostakovich's chamber style. As a result, it was revealed that the figurative and emotional structure of music in quartets is aimed at embodying a multifaceted image in its development, reflecting the wealth and unity of its internal opposites.
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES IN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY: COURSE DESIGNING
Authors: Borodina N.
Published: December 2021

Some peculiarities of the English for specific purposes course designing with the account of the social needs in highly qualified professionals of the appropriate specialty