bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Business Development Strategy: A case study at the fastest food packaging converter printing company in Malaysia
Authors: Hasanuddin Sukainah , Zakaria Siti Farhana
Published: October 2022

However, to become a leading one-stop solution provider to support all packaging requirements from global clients, they must invest in new technology for business development strategy. This study focused on the challenges faced by a food packaging converter, Company A using the flexography technology from Koenig & Bauer as the first Asian country that invests with the technology to enable them to define new yardsticks in the packaging sector. This study also discussed strategies for material usage with the new printing technology. Now, the food packaging converter industry is thriving to the next level of business growth by partnering with an international packaging company subsidiary to sustain its business continuity as a global alliance of packaging printing companies.
Keywords: Printing technology investment; Print on demand; Business development; Strategy; food packaging material.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8.3913
The Concept of National Identity in the Artwork of Female Artists in Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria Salehuddin , Legino Rafeah , Abdul Aziz Mohammad Kamal
Published: October 2022

This study examines the national identity elements of the Fatimah Chik and Khatijah Sanusi artworks, which begins with the examination of relevant material, including examples of national identity-related works and visual data on the results of Malaysian female artists obtained through digital photographs and records. Identifying and recognising national identity in Malaysian female artists' works is categorised by the artwork's profile. The artwork's focus and criteria will be mapped with the inquiry of the National Cultural Congress's study (NCC). Women's attitudes in art production reflect national identity in female artists' artworks that emphasise culture, family, and accuracy.
Keywords: Artworks, Female artist,  National identity, Malaysia
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8.3918
Dietary Temperature’s Influence on Energy Balance in Humans: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial and Crossover Design (Preprint)
Authors: Rastmanesh Reza , Flack Kyle D
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. Water has a characteristically high heat capacity, indicating that the temperature of ingested fluids and meals could contribute to energy homeostasis. Citing the underlying molecular mechanisms, we present a novel hypothesis that states that the temperature of one’s food and drink contributes to energy balance and plays a role in the development of obesity. We provide strong associations with certain molecular mechanisms that are activated by heat and correlate them with obesity and a hypothetical trial that could test this hypothesis. We conclude that if meal or drink temperature proves to contribute to energy homeostasis, then depending on its contribution and scale, future clinical trials should attempt to adjust this effect when analyzing data. In addition, previous research and established relationships of disease states with dietary patterns, energy intake, and food component intakes should be revisited. We understand the common assumption that thermal energy in food is absorbed by the body during digestion and dissipated as heat into the environment, not contributing to the energy balance. We challenge this assumption herein, including a proposed study design that would test our hypothesis.

OBJECTIVE

This paper hypothesizes that the temperature of ingested foods or fluids influences energy homeostasis through the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), especially HSP-70 and HSP-90, which are expressed to a greater extent in obesity and are known to cause deficits in glucose metabolism.

METHODS

We provide preliminary evidence supporting our hypothesis that greater dietary temperatures disproportionally induce activation of both intracellular and extracellular HSPs and that these HSPs influence energy balance and contribute to obesity.

RESULTS

This trial protocol has not been initiated and funding has not been sought at the time of this publication.

CONCLUSIONS

To date, no clinical trials are available regarding the potential effects of meal and fluid temperature on weight status or its confounding effects in data analysis. A potential mechanism is proposed as a basis by which higher temperatures of foods and beverages might influence energy balance via HSP expression. On the basis of the evidence supporting our hypothesis, we propose a clinical trial that will further elucidate these mechanisms.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/42846
Leveraging Symptom Search Data to Understand Disparities in U.S. Mental Health Care: Demographic Analysis of Search Engine Trace Data (Preprint)
Authors: Rochford Ben , Pendse Sachin , Kumar Neha , De Choudhury Munmun
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

In the United States, one in every three people lives in a Mental Health Professional Shortage Area (MHPSA). Shortage areas tend to be rural, have higher levels of poverty, and poor mental health outcomes. Past work has demonstrated that these poorer outcomes may arise out of interactions between a lack of resources and a lack of recognition of mental illness by medical professionals.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to understand differences in how people in shortage areas and non-shortage areas search for information around mental health online.

METHODS

We analyze search engine log data of queries related to health from 2017-2021 and examine the differences in mental health search behavior between shortage and non-shortage areas. We analyze along several axes of difference, including shortage/non-shortage comparisons, urban/rural comparisons, and temporal comparisons.

RESULTS

We find specific differences in search behavior between shortage and non-shortage areas. In shortage areas, broader and more general mental health symptom categories tend to be searched significantly more often, namely Anxiety (mean = 2.03%, sigma = .44%), Depression (mean = 1.15%, σ = .27%), Fatigue (mean = 1.21%, σ = .28%), and Headache (mean = 1.03%, σ = .23%). On the other hand, specific symptom categories and mental health disorders such as Binge Eating (mean = .02%, σ = .02%), Psychosis (.37%, σ = .06%), and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (mean = .77%, σ = .10%) are all searched significantly more in non-shortage areas. Although rates of suicide are consistently known to be higher in shortage areas and in rural areas we see that rates of suicide-related searching are lower in shortage areas (mean = .05%, σ = .04% vs. non-shortages’ mean = .10%, σ = .03%), and more so when a shortage area is rural (mean = .024%, σ = .03%).

CONCLUSIONS

This work demonstrates differences in how people from geographically marginalized groups search online for mental health. One main implication of this work is the influence that search engine ranking algorithms and interface design might have on the kinds of resources that individuals make use of when in distress. Our results support the idea that search engine algorithm designers should be conscientious of the role structural factors play in expressions of distress, and design search engine algorithms and interfaces to close gaps in care.
The history of the research of the Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2017
Authors:   Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Solovieva Ekaterina , Gvishiani Alexei ,   Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Smidt Institute of Physics of the Earth
Published: October 2022

The article introduces a wide range of readers to the activities of the Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GC RAS) in 2019. The paper presents the main results of scientific research of the year, topics and projects carried out within the framework of the state task, the fundamental programs of the ONZ and the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Federal Research Program (FTP), RFBR grants and RSF projects. The article reflects the publishing international organization, as well as the activities carried out to popularize science.
Sustainable Airport Water Management: The Case of Hong Kong International Airport
Authors: Baxter Glenn
Published: October 2022

Utilizing an in-depth longitudinal case study research design, this study has examined Hong Kong International Airport’s water management and the annual trends in the airport’s water consumption for the study period of 2011 to 2020. Since its inception of operations in 1998, the airport has used a "triple water system", that has been designed to improve the efficiency of its three major water sources: freshwater, seawater and treated wastewater. The largest water source used by the airport is seawater. In the early years of the study (2011 to 2013), there was a general upward trend in the airport’s annual municipal supplied water consumption. However, from 2014 to 2020, there was an overall downward trend in the airports municipal water consumption at the airport. The municipal supplied water consumption per enplaned passenger or per workload unit (WLU) largely displayed a general downward trend, which is very favorable given the strong growth in enplaned passengers recorded during the study period. The airport’s annual seawater consumption, annual recycled/re-used water consumption and the annual discharged waters oscillated over the study period reflecting differing water consumption patterns.
Supranutritional Supplementation of Vitamin E Influences Myoglobin Post-Translational Modifications in Postmortem Beef Longissimus Lumborum Muscle
Authors: Wang Yifei , Li Shuting , Chen Jing , Zhu Haining , Harsh Bailey N. , Boler Dustin D. , Dilger Anna C. , Shike Daniel W. , Suman Surendranath P.
Published: October 2022

Post-translational modifications (PTM) in myoglobin (Mb) can influence fresh meat color stability. Dietary supplementation of vitamin E improves beef color stability by delaying lipid oxidation–induced Mb oxidation and influences proteome profile of postmortem beef skeletal muscles. Nonetheless, the influence of vitamin E on Mb PTM in postmortem beef skeletal muscles has yet to be investigated. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to examine the effect of dietary vitamin E on Mb PTM in postmortem beef longissimus lumborum muscle. Beef longissimus lumborum muscle samples (24 h postmortem) were obtained from the carcasses of 9 vitamin E–supplemented (VITE; 1,000 IU vitamin E diet/heifer·d−1for 89 d) and 9 control (CONT; no supplemental vitamin E) heifers. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate Mb from other sarcoplasmic proteins of beef longissimus lumborum muscle. Tandem mass spectrometry identified multiple PTM (phosphorylation, acetylation, 4-hydroxynonenalalkylation, methylation, dimethylation, trimethylation, and carboxymethylation) in the protein bands (17 kDa) representing Mb. The amino acids susceptible to phosphorylation were threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y), whereas lysine (K) residues were prone to other PTM. The same sites of phosphorylation (T34, T67, Y103), carboxymethylation (K77, K78), and 4-hydroxynonenal alkylation (K77, K78, K79) were identified in Mb from CONT and VITE samples, indicating that these PTM were not influenced by the vitamin E supplementation in cattle. Nonetheless, differential occurrence of acetylation, methylation, dimethylation, and trimethylation were identified in Mb from CONT and VITE samples. Overall, a greater number of amino acids were modified in CONT than VITE, suggesting that the supplementation of vitamin E decreased thenumbers of post-translationally modified residues in Mb. Additionally, PTM at K87, K96, K98, and K102 were unique to CONT, whereas PTM at K118 were unique to VITE. These findings suggested that dietary supplementation of vitamin E in beef cattle might protect amino acid residues in Mb—especially those located spatially close to proximal histidine—from undergoing PTM, thereby improving Mb redox stability.
Neutralidad impuesta. El Soconusco, Chiapas, en búsqueda de su identidad, 1824-1842
Authors:   CIMSUR - UNAM, Fenner Justus
Published: October 2022

Durante los años de 1825 a 1842 el Soconusco, como zona fronteriza en disputa, vivió una impuesta «neutralidad». Su vida cotidiana, determinada por el conflicto sobre la pertenencia política a México o a Centroamérica, obligó a su población a vivir bajo la constante amenaza de ser invadido por una u otra de las dos naciones. Fueron 17 años de lucha interna por definir la pertenencia política del departamento, durante los cuales tuvo lugar la formación de una élite local ladina que iba a gobernar la región por el resto del siglo XIX.
Representación espacial de la institución educativa y del espacio de estudio de la virtualidad
Authors: Suárez Martínez Carolina , Ardila López Valentina
Published: October 2022

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha generado diversas problemáticas que han modificado las dinámicas de relación y percepción del entorno. Los impactos producidos en las instituciones educativas tanto públicas como privadas no son la excepción, dados los cambios en la representación de este espacio por parte de estudiantes, profesores y la comunidad educativa en general. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender la representación espacial de la institución educativa y del espacio de estudio de la virtualidad de los estudiantes de secundaria del Colegio La Salle Envigado tras la emergencia del COVID-19. La metodología se basó en el enfoque cualitativo, con método fenomenológico y se llevó a cabo con 11 estudiantes de esta institución; como técnicas de recolección de información se usó la entrevista semiestructurada, la cartografía social y la observación no participante como técnica transversal. En suma, se afirma que dicha representación está construida con base en la calidad del aprendizaje, las dinámicas de relacionamiento, los beneficios y comodidades que puede dar el espacio, y las prácticas que pueden ser o no posibles considerando las condiciones que impuso la emergencia sanitaria. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones del espacio institucional y virtual en cuanto a la metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje, la apropiación y las dinámicas socioespaciales escolares.
Assessment of the possibility of using various fire extinguishing means in high-rise buildings
Authors: Aleshkov M. V. , Dvoenko O. V. , Gumirov A. S. , Sokovnin A. I. , Seregin M. V. , Semenyuk I. O. , Tsarichenko S. G.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. To date, fires in high-rise buildings are one of the significant problems faced by fire protection units. Unique objects require a special approach in terms of fire safety and fire extinguishing. The most important task is to ensure the supply of extinguishing agents to the height using modern fire-fighting equipment and installations.

Materials and methods.In September 2021, to conduct experimental scientific and tactical exercises on the roof of the Neva Towers tower, a program and methodology for supplying fire extinguishing agents in various ways to the height were developed. The following methods of feeding to height were considered: deployment using the equipment of a container for high-altitude firefighting, feeding from an installation with compression foam technology, feeding using a waterjet cutting unit “Cobra”.

Theoretical bases. A theoretical assessment of the possibility of supplying extinguishing agents to a height with the help of new fire-rescue equipment confirmed the need for experimental scientific and tactical exercises on the roof of the Neva Towers tower.

Results and discussions. As a result of the scientific and tactical exercises, the effectiveness of the use of new fire extinguishing systems with compression foam supply, as well as installations with waterjet cutting technology “Cobra” was proved. It was possible to provide a feed to a height of 350 m.

Conclusions. To date, with the help of new fire extinguishing technologies, it has been experimentally proven that their use is most effective compared to “traditional” methods of supplying extinguishing agents. In the future, it is necessary to conduct more detailed studies of the hydrodynamic parameters of pumping and bag systems in order to develop recommendations for preliminary planning of the actions of forces and means of fire and rescue units.
Determination of Organic Matter by Using Titrimetric and Loss on Ignition Methods for Northern Iraqi Governorates Soils
Authors:   Biology Department, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq, M. Maulood Pakhshan
Published: October 2022

The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (LOI) and titrant methods. Eighty-four composite soil samples were collected from surface soil of randomly different locations in four governorates of northern parts of Iraq. The percent mean values of SOM recorded were 2.34, 2.399 and 1.821, respectively for Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk, and Duhok soil samples for the LOI method, while lower values were obtained 1.39, 1.595 and 0.98% respectively by using the titrant method for the same soil samples. A low relationship between two SOM procedures was obtained (r2=0.462, 0.585 and 0.241) respectively for the same governorates soil samples. Current results revealed that the titrant method is more accurate and convenient to be used for SOM determination of soils in our area, and further studies must be done by using other methods to find the more suitable procedure for this purpose.
An Efficient Approach to Approximate the Solutions of Fractional Partial Integro-Differential Equations
Authors:   Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq, A. AbdulKhaleq Fajir
Published: October 2022

In this article a computational efficient approach is presented so as to examine the approximate solutions (AP) of fractional One-dimensional partial integro-differential equations (CF1DPDEs). The fractional derivative will be in the conformable sense. The suggested approach combined between the shifted Legendre polynomials and a semi-analytic approach. the proposed approach is tested by some examples which are introduced to illustrate its accuracy, applicability and efficiency.
Modified Variational Iteration Method for Solving Sedimentary Ocean Basin Moving Boundary Value Problem
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Applications, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, M. M.Jawad Umneya , S. Fadhel Fadhel ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Applications, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: October 2022

The motion of the shoreline in sedimentary ocean basin were investigated and solved using the modified variational iteration method since it provides an efficient approximate solution of the problem under consideration, which appears to be accurate when the consecutive error between iterative solutions of the problem is evaluated. A diffusion equation with specified beginning and boundary conditions, with a moving interface type reflecting sediment transportation, is used to simulate the physical phenomena of sand particle migration in sea water. This article also discusses the shifting boundary value problem that occurs from shoreline change in a sedimentary ocean basin.
Contra Wpre−Continuous Functions
Authors:   Department of Mathematics College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad-Iraq, B.Jubair Waqas , J. Ali Haider ,   Department of Mathematics College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad-Iraq
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we present some concepts related to Wpre-open set and study some of its basic properties, facts and some examples are given to illustrate our work. Several theoretical results are stated and proved throughout this paper.
PALEONTOLOGIA - ESTADO DA ARTE DA FORMAÇÃO BARBALHA (GRUPO SANTANA) DA BACIA DO ARARIPE, NORDESTE, BRASIL
Authors: Sana Rebelato Gisele , De Souza Alves Ana Maria , De Lima Flaviana Jorge , Jasper André
Published: October 2022

A Bacia do Araripe é conhecida mundialmente por sua diversidade de fósseis em excelente estado de conservação, que registram a fauna e a flora do Paleozoico ao Mesozoico, depositados durante milhões de anos. A vasta literatura sobre a bacia é concentrada em sua maioria sobre o Mesozoico, com especial interesse ao Grupo Santana, cujo estratos aflorantes são do período Cretáceo, podendo conter lacunas entre seus diferentes sistemas deposicionais. O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a Formação Barbalha fornecendo o estado da arte e seus gargalos que corresponde a base deste grupo. As bibliografias analisadas indicaram uma predominância de estudos de natureza geológica e uma escassez de trabalhos paleontológicos. Dentre os estudos paleontológicos, a maioria ocorre com microfósseis e a minoria com paleoflora. A carência de estudos fossilíferos para a Formação Barbalha pode estar relacionada aos processos de fossilização, os quais estão diretamente relacionados aos interesses dos pesquisadores em estudar as demais formações, devido a maior qualidade de seu registro fóssil.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DE QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DE QUEIJOS TIPO COLONIAL COM E SEM INSPEÇÃO SANITÁRIA DO VALE DO TAQUARI – RS, BRASIL
Authors: Eichler Daiana Caroline , Maciel Mônica Jachetti
Published: October 2022

O queijo colonial, típico dos estados do sul do Brasil, pode ser uma grande fonte de contaminação microbiológica, principalmente se o leite utilizado para a sua fabricação não for pasteurizado, propiciando a proliferação de diversas bactérias patogênicas. Deste modo, o presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar a análise microbiológica comparativa entre queijos do tipo colonial com e sem inspeção sanitária, tendo como parâmetros o estipulado na legislação brasileira. Foram coletadas 12 amostras de queijo colonial, sendo 6 com inspeção (3 com inspeção federal SIF e 3 com inspeção estadual CISPOA) e 6 sem inspeção sanitária, adquiridas em supermercados e diretamente com o produtor rural, no Vale do Taquari – RS. Como resultado, obteve-se ausência de Salmonella spp. e Listeria monocytogenes em todas as amostras. A contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva esteve dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira em todas as amostras inspecionadas, enquanto 66,66% das amostras não inspecionadas estavam em desacordo. Para coliformes a 45 °C, as amostras com inspeção sanitária apresentaram contagem inferior ao limite estabelecido pela legislação brasileira, enquanto 100% das amostras sem inspeção estavam em desacordo. O estudo demonstrou uma significativa diferença na qualidade microbiológica entre queijos coloniais com e sem inspeção sanitária. Todos os queijos com inspeção sanitária se apresentaram dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira, enquanto todas as amostras de queijos não inspecionados estavam impróprias para o consumo humano. Concluiu-se que as boas práticas de fabricação e higiene, principais focos da inspeção sanitária, são essenciais para que se tenha um produto de qualidade microbiológica.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR, ECONOMIA CIRCULAR E EMPREENDEDORISMO RURAL: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2018 A 2021
Authors: Brock Quinto Luísa , Marchi Janaina , Paim Soares Aline
Published: October 2022

O apelo à preservação do meio ambiente, a escassez dos recursos naturais e a importância de uma produção sustentável surgem como premissas para a construção desse trabalho, cujo objetivo geral consiste em compreender a relação existente entre os conceitos de economia circular, agricultura familiar e empreendedorismo rural a partir de textos acadêmicos publicados entre os anos de 2018 e 2021 na base de dados Scielo. Assim, o presente estudo classifica-se quanto a sua metodologia como um estudo bibliométrico, qualitativo, do tipo “estado do conhecimento” e de caráter descritivo, tendo sua coleta de dados realizada a partir da base de dados Scielo. Em relação aos resultados encontrados, inicialmente, buscaram-se artigos que apresentassem os conceitos de forma conjugada em um único texto, entretanto, não se obteve nenhum resultado. Logo, esta primeira resposta é importante, uma vez que revela a inexistência, nesta base e neste recorte temporal, de pesquisas que englobam esses três conceitos. Posteriormente, a partir da utilização individual dos descritores, a pesquisa encontrou 67 resultados para o conceito de “agricultura familiar”, mas apenas um para “economia circular” e um para “empreendedorismo rural”. Assim, foi possível verificar que, apesar de existentes, os estudos alusivos a estas temáticas (economia circular e empreendedorismo rural) ainda são pouco representativos em números. Além disso, foi possível observar que nos textos referentes à temática da agricultura familiar, este conceito é projetado à experiência prática, e trouxe a viabilidade da economia circular e do empreendedorismo rural.
Effects of Early COVID-19 Restrictions on Resident Well-being and Burnout
Authors: Messner Eric , Parascando Jessica A. , La Gamma Christina , Bone Curtis , Clebak Karl T. , Riley Timothy D.
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to burnout among residents, a population already at increased risk for heightened stress and work-related fatigue. Residency programs were also forced to alter schedules and educational objectives. We assessed how social distancing restrictions (specifically self-isolation) enacted early in the COVID-19 pandemic affected family medicine (FM) resident well-being and burnout. Our FM department created a 2-week reserve rotation as a response to the need to socially distance and protect the residents. We explored how the reserve rotations impacted their experiences.
Methods: A purposive sample of FM residents were recruited in May and June of 2020. Qualitative interviews explored well-being and burnout, changes in education and provision of patient care, and overall adaptation to the pandemic. We employed interpretative phenomenology to analyze the interviews.
Results: We interviewed six out of 24 residents before saturation was reached. Qualitative analysis revealed themes related to positive and negative consequences of the pandemic, including uncertainty/fear of the unknown, schedule/life changes, communication, and adapting to a new routine.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic placed an additional burden on residents, a group already at increased risk for burnout. While uncertainty and disruptions in work and home life were significant stressors, this cohort demonstrated adaptability and resilience that was facilitated by peer support and effective communication. These factors, along with the reserve rotation with decreased clinical responsibilities, led to an improved sense of well-being and decreased feelings of burnout.
Aceites esenciales, fenología e interacciones bióticas de la planta invasora Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) en Costa Rica
Authors: Chaverri Carlos , Morales Carlos O. , Cicció José F.
Published: October 2022

RESUMEN.
Introducción: Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) es una especie herbácea con notables usos etnobotánicos en África y otras áreas, que se extendió como invasora en varias regiones tropicales y subtropicales del mundo. Objetivo: Determinar la composición química de los aceites esenciales de C. crepidioides (planta entera, hojas, tallos, flores y raíces), observar y medir parámetros fenológicos (crecimiento y desarrollo) y registrar indicios de interacción de las plantas con otros agentes bióticos a lo largo del ciclo de vida en el Valle Central de Costa Rica. Métodos: La extracción de los aceites se realizó mediante el procedimiento de hidrodestilación, usando un equipo Clevenger modificado. La composición química de los aceites se obtuvo mediante técnicas cromatográficas (GC/FID y GC/MS), el cálculo de los índices de retención en dos columnas de polaridad diferente y mediante los espectros de masa de cada constituyente. El estudio biológico de campo fue un registro descriptivo de patrones fenológicos observados durante un año en 45 plantas de tres sitios, abarcando las fases vegetativa y reproductiva. Resultados: Los aceites esenciales están constituidos principalmente por terpenoides (91,0-98,6%). Se identificaron en total 231 compuestos diferentes en todas las muestras analizadas, correspondientes a un 94,9-99,3% de los constituyentes totales. Los compuestos mayoritarios de los aceites de las hojas fueron mirceno (67,5%) y β-felandreno (11,6%), mientras que los aceites de los tallos registraron principalmente mirceno (42,2%) y α-copaeno (16,5%). Los constituyentes mayoritarios del aceite de las flores fueron mirceno (71,8%) y β-felandreno (17,2%). En los aceites de las raíces predominaron (E)-β-farneseno (46,0-29,5%), (Z)-β-farneseno (13,0-15,7%) y (E)-cariofileno (6,0-6,1%). La altura promedio de las plantas fue considerablemente mayor en sitios abiertos y soleados que en sitios parcialmente umbrosos. En sitios abiertos las hojas superiores desarrollaron lóbulos laterales profundos, que fueron nulos o raros en sitios sombreados. En uno de los sitios 36% de plantas murió antes de completar el ciclo de vida, principalmente por herbivoría, que afectó más de 80% de todas las plantas y dañó 100% de órganos del vástago. Noviembre y diciembre fueron los meses con máxima antesis floral y maduración de frutos. Conclusiones: Esta especie se reconoce como anual, pero 2/3 de las plantas observadas completaron su ciclo de vida en 4 a 6 meses y, debido a herbivoría y otros factores ambientales, su propagación se ha reducido notablemente.
The role of the audit committee and employee well-being in controlling employee fraud
Authors: Anisykurlillah Indah , Januarti Indira , Zulaikha Zulaikha
Published: October 2022

Fraud is still a problem in the banking industry. Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) reported that banks experienced the highest number of fraud cases compared to other types of businesses. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of the audit committee’s size, gender, expertise, independence, and employee well-being on employee fraud. The study on fraud uses questionnaire data to identify employee fraud (Fathi, Ghani, Said, & Puspitasari, 2017; Nawawi & Salin, 2018). We complement the previous study by using the number of cases as an indicator of employee fraud. Using a sample of 14 Islamic banks, we find that audit committee members’ accounting expertise and employee well-being can influence employees’ willingness to commit fraud. After overcoming the problem of endogeneity and robustness tests, the results of our study were consistent. The number of audit committee members, gender, and independence have not impacted fraud control. The expertise of the audit committee and employee well-being can be an effective internal control system in reducing fraud. This study adds to previous studies that have explained fraud by using employee perceptions and financial ratio indicators to detect director fraud. This study uses the number of employee fraud cases reported by the bank.
The effect of Vitamin D supplementation among antenatal women with Gestational diabetes mellitus with Vitamin D deficiency: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: KUMARI SUPRIYA , Jena Saubhagya , singh Sweta , Mangaraj Manaswini , saharia Gautom
Published: October 2022

Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of high dose
vitamin D as compared to that of standard dose in women with GDM having
vitamin D deficiency. Design Randomized controlled trial Setting This
study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All
India Institute of Medical Sciences, (AIIMS) Bhubaneswar. Population or
sample 76 women with GDM having vitamin D deficiency were included in
this study. Methods Participants were randomly recruited in intervention
and control group. Participants of the intervention group were provided
with 60,000 IU of vitamin D every two weeks (upto a maximum of ten
doses) and participants of the control group were provided with standard
dose of vitamin D (500 IU/day). All the participants were assessed for
glycemic control and perinatal outcomes. Main outcome measures Perinatal
outcomes, blood sugar levels and change in insulin requirement between
the two groups. Results Among 68 participants, mean difference of 1.06
mg/dl and 1.48 mg/dl was observed for fasting and post-prandial blood
glucose levels. Mean insulin requirement increased by 5 units in control
group during pregnancy, whereas it was reduced by 1.1 unit in
intervention group. Poor perinatal outcome was observed among 65.2% of
the participants and 34.8% amongst the participants in the intervention
group. Conclusion High dose of vitamin D supplementation is useful for
better glycemic control and preventing poor perinatal outcome among GDM
women with vitamin D deficiency. Routine Vitamin D testing and high dose
supplementation in antenatal women with proven Vitamin D deficiency
should be considered.
Identifying Hyperreflective Foci in Diabetic Retinopathy via VEGF-Induced Local Self-Renewal of CX3CR1+ Vitreous Resident Macrophages
Authors: Yamaguchi Muneo , Nakao Shintaro , Wada Iori , Matoba Tetsuya , Arima Mitsuru , Kaizu Yoshihiro , Shirane Mariko , Ishikawa Keijiro , Nakama Takahito , Murakami Yusuke , Mizuochi Masaharu , Shiraishi Wataru , Yamasaki Ryo , Hisatomi Toshio , Ishibashi Tatsuro , Shibuya Masabumi , Stitt Alan W. , Sonoda Koh-Hei
Published: October 2022

Intraretinal hyperreflective foci (HRF) are significant biomarkers for diabetic macular edema. However, HRF at the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) have not been examined in diabetic retinopathy (DR). A prospective observational clinical study with 162 consecutive eyes using OCT imaging showed significantly increased HRF at the VRI during DR progression (P < 0.01), which was reversed by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. F4/80+ macrophages increased significantly at the VRI in Kimba (vegfa+/+) or Akimba (Akita × Kimba) mice (both P < 0.01), but not in diabetic Akita (Ins2+/−) mice, indicating macrophage activation was modulated by elevated VEGF rather than the diabetic milieu. Macrophage depletion significantly reduced HRF at the VRI (P < 0.01). Furthermore, BrdU administration in Ccr2rfp/+Cx3cr1gfp/+vegfa+/− mice identified a significant contribution of M2-like tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) at the VRI. Ki-67+ and CD11b+ cells were observed in preretinal tissues of DR patients, while exposure of vitreal macrophages to vitreous derived from PDR patients induced a significant proliferation response in vitro (P < 0.01). Taken together, the evidence suggests that VEGF drives a local proliferation of vitreous resident macrophages (VRMs) at the VRI during DR. This phenomenon helps to explain the derivation and disease-relevance of the HRF lesions observed through OCT imaging in patients.
Association between SGLT2 inhibitor treatment and diabetic ketoacidosis and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes admitted to hospital with COVID-19
Authors: Khunti Kamlesh , Ruan Yue , Davies Jim , Field Benjamin C.T , Harris Sophie , Kosiborod Mikhail , Nagi Dinesh , Narendran Parth , Patel Dipesh , Ryder Robert E.J. , Várnai Kinga A , Wild Sarah H. , Wilmot Emma G. , Rea Rustam
Published: October 2022

  

Objective 

To determine the association between prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) incidence or mortality in people with type 2 diabetes hospitalized with COVID-19. 

Research Design and Methods 

This was a retrospective cohort study based on secondary analysis of data from a large nationwide audit from a network of 40 centres in United Kingdom with data collection up to December 2020 that was originally designed to describe risk factors associated with adverse outcomes among people with diabetes who were admitted to hospital with COVID-19.. The primary outcome for this analysis was DKA on or during hospital admission. The secondary outcome was mortality. Crude, age-sex adjusted and multivariable logistic regression models, were used to generate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for people prescribed SGLT2 inhibitor compared to those not prescribed SGLT2 inhibitor.  

Results 

The original national audit included 3067 people with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to hospital with COVID-19, of whom 230 (7.5%) were prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors prior to hospital admission. Mean (SD) age of the overall cohort was 72 years, 62.3% were men and 34.9% were prescribed insulin. Overall, 2.8% of the total population had DKA and 35.6% people died. The adjusted odds of DKA were not significantly different between those prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors and those not (OR 0.56, 0.16-1.97). The adjusted odds of mortality associated with SGLT2 inhibitors were similar in the total study population (OR 1.13, 0.78-1.63 ), in the sub-group prescribed insulin (OR 1.02, 0.59-1.77), and in the sub-group that developed DKA (OR 0.21, 0.01-8.76). 

Conclusions

We demonstrate a low risk of DKA and high mortality rate in people with type 2 diabetes admitted to hospital with COVID-19 and limited power but no evidence of increased risk of DKA or in-hospital mortality associated with prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors. 
Rediscovery of a classic Middle Triassic fossil site of the Balaton Highland (Transdanubian Range, Hungary): cephalopods, brachiopods and vertebrate remains from the Akol Hill at Barnag
Authors: Vörös Attila , Budai Tamás , Makádi László , Bercsényi Miklós , Földvári Gabriella , Pintér Zsolt , Szabó Márton
Published: October 2022

Recent collecting of the classic Middle Anisian fossil site of the Akol Hill at Barnag (Nagyvázsony Plateau, Balaton Highland) yielded a plenty of new palaeontological data.The Middle Anisian platform carbonate succession (Tagyon Formation) is overlain by 1-2 metres thick reddish, nodular, crinoidal limestone (Vászoly Formation) that contains a very rich fossil assemblage with ammonoids, nautiloids and brachiopods. Some vertebrate fossils were also found. Besides fish teeth, remains of marine reptiles are also present in the fauna. Four vertebrae, a piece of a rib, as well as a tooth crown fragment have also been found.Based on the geological buildup and the new biostratigraphic data the active stage of the Barnag Platform was much shorter than that of the other two Middle Anisian platforms of the Balaton Highland (Tagyon Platform, Kádárta Platform). The ammonoid fauna of the lowermost thin limestone bed above the Tagyon Formation contains elements reworked from the Balatonicus Zone. The overlying some beds contain a very rich lower Illyrian ammonoid fauna which is more diverse than the equivalent faunas of the Tagyon Platform and the Kádárta Platform. The ammonites of the Balatonicus Zone in the basal part of the Vászoly Formation prove that the drowning of the Barnag Platform occured even during the Pelsonian, earlier than in the case of the Tagyon and the Kádárta Platforms where the oldest basin sediments are mid-Illyrian (Camunum Subzone of the Trinodosus Zone) above the drowning surface.The Akol Hill locality also provided the first known occurrence of ichthyosaurs like Cymbospondylus, predators that probably dwelled mostly open marine environments but also might have been well adapted for hunting in shallow environments like submarine highs.
A Magyarországon 1935–1985 közötti időszakban felfedezett kőolaj- és földgáz-előfordulások, valamint ezek sajátosságai
Authors: Koncz István
Published: October 2022

Ebben a tanulmányban a szerző történelmi áttekintést ad a szénhidrogén-kutatásról a második világháború előtti és utáni időszakokban. Vizsgálja a földtani vagyon eloszlását a számbavételi egységek, a mélység és a tárolókőzet kora szerint. Összefoglalja az olajok és gázok jellemző tulajdonságait. Számba veszi az olaj- és gázmezők bizonyított és lehetséges anyakőzeteit. Tárgyalja a migráció mechanizmusait és útvonalait. Végül potenciális jövőbeni kutatási objektumokat javasol a szénhidrogén-kutatás számára.
Stressors and symptoms associated with a history of adverse childhood experiences among older adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Salmon Samantha , Taillieu Tamara L. , Stewart-Tufescu Ashley , MacMillan Harriet L. , Tonmyr Lil , Gonzalez Andrea , Afifi Tracie O.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has had major economic, social and psychological consequences for adolescents and young adults. It is unclear whether those with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were particularly vulnerable. We examined whether a history of ACEs was associated with financial difficulties, lack of emotional support, feeling stressed/anxious, feeling down/depressed, increased alcohol and/or cannabis use and increased conflict with parents, siblings and/or intimate partners among 16- to 21-year-olds during the pandemic.

Methods

Data were collected in November and December 2020 from respondents aged 16 to 21 years (n = 664) participating in the longitudinal and intergenerational Well-being and Experiences Study (Wave 3) conducted in Manitoba, Canada. Age-stratified associations between ACEs and pandemic-related stressors/symptoms were examined with binary and multinomial logistic regression.

Results

A history of ACEs was associated with pandemic-related financial difficulties (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR] range: 2.44–7.55); lack of emotional support (aRRR range: 2.13–26.77); higher levels of feeling stressed/anxious and down/depressed (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] range: 1.78–5.05); increased alcohol and cannabis use (aOR range: 1.99–8.02); and increased relationship conflict (aOR range: 1.98–22.59). Fewer associations emerged for older adolescents and these were not to the same degree as for young adults.

Conclusion

Adolescents and young adults with a history of ACEs reported increased odds of pandemic-related stressors and symptoms, and may need more resources and greater support compared to peers without an ACE history. Differences in results for adolescents and young adults suggest that interventions should be tailored to the needs of each age group.
ЕКОЛОГО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ПРАКТИКО-ОРІЄНТОВАНИЙ ХАРАКТЕР ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ
Authors:   Уманський державний педагогічний університет імені Павла Тичини, Совгіра Світлана , Браславська Оксана , Душечкіна Наталія
Published: October 2022

У статті висвітлено еколого-технологічні особливості та практико-орієнтований характер підготовки майбутніх фахівців цивільного захисту. Встановлено, що їх підготовка вимагає наявності професійно орієнтованої інфраструктури, різноманіття специфічного обладнання, спорядження, техніки, засобів тощо. Розкрито, що важливим аспектом практичної підготовки рятувальників є організація безпечної роботи з пожежно-рятувальною технікою та інструментом. Передбачено, що екологічні проблеми, необхідність їх розв’язання визначають не тільки основні напрями, але і стратегію змістово-смислової діяльності курсанта з метою забезпечення постійного особистісного розвитку в сфері екології, розкриття значущості природоохоронної діяльності як основи збереження сучасної цивілізації. Доведено ефективність використання широкого спектру технологій: модульної, проектної, технології колективного навчання, різнорівневого навчання. Встановлено значущість спеціальних професійних технологій підготовки фахівців-рятувальників. Виокремлено еколого-технологічні особливості практичної підготовки рятувальників, що підвищують її ефективність.
Projecting the Impact of Rising Temperatures: The Role of Macroeconomic Dynamics
Authors:   Williams College, Casey Gregory , Fried Stephie ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Goode Ethan ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: October 2022

We use theory and empirics to distinguish between the impact of temperature on transition (temporary) and steady state (permanent) growth in output per capita. Standard economic theory suggests that the long-run growth rate of output per capita is determined entirely by the growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP). We find evidence suggesting that the level of temperature affects the level of TFP, but not the growth rate of TFP. This implies that a change in temperature will have a temporary, but not a permanent, impact on growth in output per capita. To highlight the quantitative importance of distinguishing between permanent and temporary changes in economic growth, we use our empirical estimates and theoretical framework to project the impacts of future increases in temperature from climate change. We find losses that are substantial, but smaller than those in the existing empirical literature that assumes a change in temperature permanently affects economic growth.
Understanding Climate Damages: Consumption versus Investment
Authors:   Williams College, Casey Gregory , Fried Stephie ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Gibson Matthew ,   Williams College
Published: October 2022

Existing climate-economy models use aggregate damage functions to model the effects of climate change. This approach assumes climate change has equal impacts on the productivity of firms that produce consumption and investment goods or services. We show the split between damage to consumption and investment productivity matters for the dynamic consequences of climate change. Drawing on the structural transformation literature, we develop a framework that incorporates heterogeneous climate damages. When investment is more vulnerable to climate, we find short-run consumption losses will be smaller than leading models with aggregate damage functions suggest, but long-run consumption losses will be larger. We quantify these effects for the climate damage from heat stress and find that accounting for heterogeneous damages increases the welfare cost of climate change by approximately 4 to 24 percent, depending on the discount factor.