bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seaweed Extract Components Are Correlated with the Seeds Germination and Growth of Tomato Seedlings
Authors: Hernández-Herrera Rosalba Mireya , González-González Mario Felipe , Velasco-Ramírez Ana Paulina , Velasco-Ramírez Sandra Fabiola , Santacruz-Ruvalcaba Fernando , Zamora-Natera Juan Francisco
Published: November 2023

Seaweeds are used in traditional agriculture practices because of their beneficial effects. Recently, the rising demand for organically grown foods has amplified the use of organic fertilizers such as seaweed extracts. Despite their beneficial effects, few studies have reported information about compounds in seaweed extracts that are responsible for these benefits. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential relationships between the components and secondary metabolites in four seaweed liquid extracts from Eisenia arborea, Macrocystis pyrifera, Padina caulescens, and Sargassum horridum and their biostimulant activity through changes in the germination, growth, and protein content of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum). The E. arborea and S. horridum extracts showed similar compositions (ash, organic carbon, bicarbonates, and chlorides), minerals (Ca, Fe, and Cu) and secondary metabolites (triterpenes and saponins), albeit with different component concentrations. The chemical composition of the P. caulescens extract was significantly different from those of the other extracts; it was characterized by high levels of total nitrogen, phenols, and carbohydrates. Almost all seaweed extracts had beneficial effects on seed germination and seedling length, except the S. horridum extract that inhibits germination. The hierarchical clustering plots and principal component analysis indicated that germination and protein content are related to the presence of sterol. Shoot length was closely related to mineral levels (K, Zn, B, Na) and the C:N ratio, whereas radicle length was closely related to the content of nitrogen, carbohydrates, phenols, and flavonoids in the seaweed extracts. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear and require further studies.
Factor Analysis of Croatian Secondary School Teachers’ Readiness for Digital Transformation
Authors: Kirinić Višeslav , Čerepinko Darijo , Rosanda Žigo Iva
Published: November 2023

Based on the fact that digitization of education and culture is one of the fundamental strategic objectives of the European Commission and based on the analysis of key documents published by the European Commission in recent years, it can be said that infrastructure, digital competences, and the use of digital content in the educational process are fundamental guidelines that will guide the transformation of educational systems in all EU Member States in the coming years. The aim of this article is to identify the factors, based on a survey of the respondents’ attitudes, that could drive digital transformation in secondary educational institutions in Croatia. Within the theoretical background of the technology acceptance model (TAM), the results of the survey of 185 teachers and subsequent factor analysis show that the material support of institutions is mandatory as a base for change, while individual factors such as fear of technology and digital enthusiasm could govern the teachers’ response to acceptance of the new technologies.
Conceptualisation and Measurement of Social Cohesion within the Sport and Physical Activity Context: A Scoping Review
Authors: Moustakas Louis , Wagner Jule
Published: November 2023

Sport, physical activity and social cohesion are increasingly linked within the academic literature. Indeed, studies recognise both the importance of social cohesion for promoting physical activity and the potential of sport to support social cohesion. Up until now, however, the ways in which social cohesion has been defined and measured in the context of sport and physical activity have not been the subject of much academic attention. Through a scoping review of studies measuring social cohesion in the sport and physical activity context, we aim to uncover how social cohesion is defined and measured, thus allowing us to better grasp how the concept is understood and operationalised in this field. As such, full-text inclusion occurred when studies quantitatively measured social cohesion through a questionnaire/survey instrument in connection with sport or physical activity participation or within programmes using sport to foster social cohesion. A total of 40 papers were included in the review, showing broad support for the argument that social cohesion is positively related to sport or physical activity participation. However, the retained texts engage on only a surface level with the concept of social cohesion, with around half not defining the term and the associated measurement tools using only a fraction of the dimensions typically associated with social cohesion. To conclude, we propose future directions to enhance conceptual engagement with and measurement of social cohesion.
The Effect of Contrast Water Therapy on Dehydration during Endurance Training Camps in Moderate-Altitude Environments
Authors: Inami Takayuki , Yamaguchi Shota , Nishioka Takuya , Chida Kenta , Hoshina Kosaku , Ito Osamu , Hashimoto Takeshi , Murayama Mitsuyoshi
Published: November 2023

The effects of contrast water therapy (CWT) on dehydration at moderate altitudes during training camps remain unknown. We hypothesized that CWT reduces dehydration resulting from training at moderate altitudes and improves performance, akin to conditions at sea level. A 13-day endurance training camp was held at a moderate altitude of 1100 m and included 22 university athletes, who were divided into two groups (CWT group, n = 12; control (CON) group, n = 10). The sample size was calculated based on an α level of 0.05, power (1 β) of 0.8, and effect size of 0.25 based on two-way ANOVA. Longitudinal changes over 13 days were compared using a two-group comparison model. Additionally, 16 athletes participated in an additional performance verification analysis. Subjective fatigue, body mass, and water content (total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water) were measured using bioimpedance analysis every morning, and the titin N-terminal fragment in urine (UTF) was measured as an index of muscle damage. For performance verification, 10 consecutive jump performances (with the reactive strength index (RSI) as an indicator) were evaluated as neuromuscular function indices. The results indicated that the UTF did not significantly differ between the two groups. Moreover, the ECW/TBW values, indicative of dehydration, on days 4 and 5 in the CWT group were significantly lower than those in the CON group. However, there was no significant difference in RSI between the two groups. Therefore, although CWT reduces dehydration in the early stages of the training camp, it may not affect performance.
Contribution of European University Alliances to Education for Sustainable Development and to the SDGs: A Case Study on the Circular EELISA Community
Authors: Martín Bautista-Cerro Beatriz , Castillo-Rodríguez Anabel , García-Navarro Justo
Published: November 2023

European University Alliances are increasingly crucial to promoting Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through research, education, and innovation. In this line, the Circular EELISA Community was created as part of the European Alliance of EELISA Universities. This study aims to analyse the contribution of the Circular EELISA Community to ESD and the SDGs, evaluating its contribution according to the impact level of EELISA credentials and the community contribution by year. To conduct this analysis, EELISA credentials, which were awarded to 533 participants in 19 activities between 2022 and 2023, were used as indicators of contribution. The results reveal significant community impact on SDGs 9, 11, and 12, with impact level 2 (knowledge) and increased input in 2023. The Circular EELISA Community positively contributes to ESD and the SDGs. Although the SDGs must be addressed from a systemic perspective, developing tools allows us to deepen our knowledge of concepts such as sustainable development, which can sometimes be ambiguous. This study could facilitate, for students, education professionals, politicians, and all interested parties, identifying appropriate competencies and pedagogies that empower citizens to meet global environmental priorities from socioeconomic and technological perspectives.
A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Planning and Design of Self-Sufficient Wind Power Energy Systems at Ports
Authors: Zhao Haowei , Zhong Ming , Li Linfeng , Safdar Muhammad , Zhang Ziran
Published: November 2023

This study proposes a scientific method to assess the rationality of planning and design of self-sufficient wind power systems (SS-WPSs) at ports. The evaluation method proposed is based on the concept of integrated development of water transportation and a clean energy system, taking into account the demand of the former and the availability of the latter. First, the factors representing the property of the system from the perspectives of economy, environment, energy efficiency, self-sufficiency, and reliability are calculated. The evaluation method is developed by using a combined Analytical Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method (AHP-EWM) to calculate the subjective and objective weights of these factors. Subsequently, a combined weighting method based on game theory is employed with the aim of minimizing deviations between the subjective and objective weights and the combination weights, thereby determining the optimal combination of weights of the evaluation factors. These weights will be used to calculate evaluation results under different planning schemes. To validate the effectiveness of the method, a case study is developed based on a wind power energy demonstration project at a dock of a container port. Study results reveal that Option C, considered in this study, outperforms other options with the highest evaluation score of 0.737. Sensitivity analysis further underscores the reliability of Option C, showing a robust 96.15% probability of achieving the maximum final score within a 20% variation range. This indicates that the case study demonstrates that intuitive and realistic evaluation results can be obtained from the proposed method. These results affirm the practicality of our approach, providing invaluable insights for planners, policymakers, and stakeholders involved in sustainable energy initiatives.
Comparing Power Supply Technologies for Public Transport Buses through the AHP and the Fuzzy DEMATEL Method
Authors: Caramuta Caterina , Longo Giovanni , Padoano Elio , Vesela Maria
Published: November 2023

The selection of power supply technology for buses is a critical task given the increasing attention paid to environmental sustainability in the public transport sector. Indeed, the compliance of vehicle operational requirements with service characteristics is essential to provide users with an efficient offer. To this end, this study investigates the factors affecting such choices by performing two evaluation procedures, with the integration of different techniques and the engagement of an expert panel. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to identify the best power supply technology among a few solutions in both procedures, which differed in the number of analyzed criteria. A literature review suggested a wide set of criteria considered in the first assessment, which were then limited to the most influential criteria using the fuzzy DEcision-MAking Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. Notably, the latter enabled the reduction in the number of the criteria owing to the revealing of cause–effect relationships among them. The methodology was applied to a case study in the city of Trieste, Italy, comparing rankings obtained from the two appraisal procedures, which showed the predominance of internal combustion engine buses over hybrid and electric buses in terms of operational and financial aspects, despite their environmental impact.
An Artificial Physarum polycephalum Colony for the Electric Location-Routing Problem
Authors: Cai Zhengying , Wang Xiaolu , Li Rui , Gao Qi
Published: November 2023

Electric vehicles invented for environmental sustainability are prone to adverse impacts on environmental sustainability due to the location and construction of their charging facilities. In this article, an artificial Physarum polycephalum colony is proposed to solve the novel challenging problem. First, the electric location-routing problem is established as a multi-objective network panning model with electric constraints to provide the optimal charging infrastructure layout, electric vehicle maintenance costs, and traffic conditions. The electric facility location problem and vehicle routing problem are integrated by integer programming, which considers the total distance, total time, total cost, total number of electric vehicles, and order fill rate. Second, an artificial Physarum polycephalum colony is introduced to solve the complex electric location-routing problem and includes the two basic operations of expansion and contraction. In the expansion operation, the optimal parent individuals will generate more offspring individuals, so as to expand the population size. In the contraction operation, only individuals with high fitness will be selected to survive through a merge sorting algorithm, resulting in a decrease in population size to the initial value. Through the iterative computing of the two main operations, the proposed artificial Physarum polycephalum colony can finally find the optimal solution to the objective function. Third, a benchmark test is designed for the electric location-routing problem by extracting the real road network from Tokyo, and the experimental results prove the effectiveness and applicability of this work.
Using Logistic Regression to Predict Access to Essential Services: Electricity and Internet in Nouakchott, Mauritania
Authors: Ebnou Abdem Seyid Abdellahi , Chenal Jérôme , Diop El Bachir , Azmi Rida , Adraoui Meriem , Tekouabou Koumetio Cédric Stéphane
Published: November 2023

This study employs a logistic regression model to offer an in-depth understanding of disparities in the access to essential urban services, specifically focusing on electricity and Internet services, in Nouakchott, Mauritania. Through a comprehensive analysis of demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic data, we identify key determinants of access to these utilities. Our findings reveal that the geographic location within the city, particularly in the western regions, and home ownership, significantly bolster the likelihood of having electricity. Conversely, women are found to be disadvantaged in this regard. For Internet access, income level and education, particularly at the Bachelor’s level, emerged as significant predictors. This research not only sheds light on the intricate landscape of service provision in Nouakchott but also offers actionable insights for equitable development. These results empower both policymakers and citizens, marking a step toward transforming Nouakchott into a smarter, more inclusive urban environment.
Enhancing Aerospace Industry Efficiency and Sustainability: Process Integration and Quality Management in the Context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Pop Gheorghe Ioan , Titu Aurel Mihail , Pop Alina Bianca
Published: November 2023

This paper delves into the multifaceted domain of the aerospace industry, examining its evolution, current challenges, and imperative focus on quality management and process integration. The aerospace sector, driven by technological advancements and a burgeoning global demand for air travel and freight transport, necessitates a thorough analysis of its industrial fabric and operational intricacies. This research endeavors to analyze the dynamics of the aerospace industry, pinpoint its challenges, and propose an integrated approach to enhance efficiency, quality, and sustainability. The primary goals encompass understanding the evolving industry landscape, identifying critical challenges, and offering innovative solutions by amalgamating the principles of Industry 4.0 into quality management and processes within the aerospace sector. Through an in-depth exploration of various facets, this research underscores the pivotal role of efficient processes and integrated quality management in achieving sustainable growth and competitiveness in the aerospace industry. By aligning with the paradigm of Industry 4.0, organizations can optimize their operations and contribute to the industry’s advancement, delivering safer and more cost-effective aerospace products. The study adopts a multifaceted approach, incorporating an extensive literature review, a critical analysis of industry trends, the examination of quality management frameworks, and a thorough evaluation of the integration potential of Industry 4.0 technologies. The research also involves case studies and expert insights to validate the proposed approach. The investigation reveals that by leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies and embracing an integrated approach to quality management, the aerospace industry can significantly enhance operational efficiency, product quality, and overall sustainability. The seamless integration of processes and the implementation of advanced quality frameworks pave the way for a more competitive and future-ready aerospace industry, meeting the evolving demands of a globalized world.
A Study on the Impact of Different Organizational Levels on Digital Transformation in Enterprises
Authors: Huang Dexin , Gao Qing , Peng Chengqi , Yang Kexuan , Liu Renhuai
Published: November 2023

Based on data from A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen between 2007 and 2020, this study categorizes enterprises into decision-making and execution levels. We found that a high degree of digital transformation at the decision-making level enhances enterprise performance, while excessive transformation at the execution level diminishes performance. We tested the influence of the digital transformation degree of the decision-making layer and the executive layer on enterprise performance by constructing an econometric model. The mechanism behind the results was tested, and the influence mechanism between digital transformation and enterprise performance was explored from the perspective of TOE theory. Mechanism analysis showed that digital transformation impacts performance by increasing R&D investment, driving revenue growth, and enabling the efficient use of government subsidies. Managing decision-level expenses also strengthens performance and supports digital transformation. This research offers fresh insights into how technology drives digital transformation in a changing external environment, guiding management at different hierarchical levels in enterprises.
Irrigation Technology Interventions as Potential Options to Improve Water Security in India and Africa: A Comparative Review
Authors: Angom Juliet , Viswanathan P. K.
Published: November 2023

Water is an essential resource for the realization of the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The increasing global food insecurity, hunger, human population, and uneconomical extraction and use of non-renewable resources require, among other things, a substantial intensification of agricultural production. In this context, there has been a need to adopt irrigation technologies, especially in developing countries where agriculture and its allied sectors employ more than 50% of the total population but account for up to 90% of the total freshwater consumptive use. India and Africa are at the crux of this conundrum, where there is an urgent need to build resilience with the already excessively allotted water resources. Innovative and water-efficient irrigation technologies could be one of the windows of opportunity to overcome water scarcity and enhance food security in these regions. This review sought to comparatively explore how irrigation technological interventions could help overcome water security challenges in India and Africa. Literature retrieved from multidisciplinary electronic databases indicated that, as part of the global south, both India and Africa have untapped irrigation potential due to the adoption of individual-centric irrigation. The irrigation approaches that possess the capacity to increase water and food security as well as reduce poverty levels in India and Africa are broadly grouped into micro-irrigation technologies, renewable energy-powered irrigation technologies, flood recession agriculture, and underground transfer of surface flood water for irrigation. Unlike in India, where overexploitation or extraction is the primary driver of water scarcity (physical scarcity), water insecurity in Africa results from poor management (economic scarcity). The adoption of the foregoing interventions is challenged by existing cultural and land tenure issues, limited access to efficient irrigation technologies and credit services, as well as an overreliance on national governments for support. Despite these challenges, opportunities exist for smallholder irrigation expansion. This study indicates that both Indian and African governments ought to offer stimulus packages that encourage holistic farmer-centric irrigation technologies to improve food and water security.
Window View Preferences in Various Environmental and Activity Contexts
Authors: Fošner Ajda , Zbašnik-Senegačnik Martina , Kristl Živa
Published: November 2023

Our surroundings, as viewed through the window, have a significant impact on how we feel, how we think, and how productive we are. In order to build settings that promote pleasant emotions and support mental health, whether at home or at work, it is crucial to take the window view into account as well as any potential consequences it may have. In this study, we first conduct a bibliometric analysis of the topic using Elsevier SciVal data. Then, using a questionnaire survey, we proceed to determine what is the respondents’ favourite window view and what is the reason they look through the window. The results show that the preferred window view contains greenery, and the main reason for looking through the window is mental disconnection. The Chi-Square test results suggest that there is a correlation between age and the preferred window view. Furthermore, the results also showed that there is a connection between the environment where the respondents spend the majority of their workday and the reason for looking through the window.
Dose Response, Dosimetric, and Metabolic Evaluations of Replacement PFAS Perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) Acid (HFPO-TeA)
Authors: Renyer Aero , Ravindra Krishna , Wetmore Barbara A. , Ford Jermaine L. , DeVito Michael , Hughes Michael F. , Wehmas Leah C. , MacMillan Denise K.
Published: November 2023

Few studies are available on the environmental and toxicological effects of perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECAs), such as GenX, which are replacing legacy PFAS in manufacturing processes. To collect initial data on the toxicity and toxicokinetics of a longer-chain PFECA, male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) acid (HFPO-TeA) by oral gavage for five days over multiple dose levels (0.3–335.2 mg/kg/day). Clinically, we observed mortality at doses >17 mg/kg/day and body weight changes at doses ≤17 mg/kg/day. For the 17 mg/kg/day dose level, T3 and T4 thyroid hormone concentrations were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) from controls and HFPO-TeA plasma concentrations were significantly different between sexes. Non-targeted analysis of plasma and in vitro hepatocyte assay extractions revealed the presence of another GenX oligomer, perfluoro-(2,5-dimethyl-3,6-dioxanonanoic) acid (HFPO-TA). In vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) parameterized with in vitro toxicokinetic data predicted steady-state blood concentrations that were within seven-fold of those observed in the in vivo study, demonstrating reasonable predictivity. The evidence of thyroid hormone dysregulation, sex-based differences in clinical results and dosimetry, and IVIVE predictions presented here suggest that the replacement PFECA HFPO-TeA induces a complex and toxic exposure response in rodents.
Isolation and Characterization of New Bacteriophages against Staphylococcal Clinical Isolates from Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Plumet Lucile , Morsli Madjid , Ahmad-Mansour Nour , Clavijo-Coppens Fernando , Berry Laurence , Sotto Albert , Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Costechareyre Denis , Molle Virginie
Published: November 2023

Staphylococcus sp. is the most common bacterial genus in infections related to diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria places a serious burden on public health systems. Phage therapy is an alternative treatment to antibiotics, overcoming the issue of antibiotic resistance. In this study, six phages (SAVM01 to SAVM06) were isolated from effluents and were used against a panel of staphylococcal clinical samples isolated from DFUs. A genomic analysis revealed that the phages belonged to the Herelleviridae family, with sequences similar to those of the Kayvirus genus. No lysogeny-associated genes, known virulence or drug resistance genes were identified in the phage genomes. The phages displayed a strong lytic and antibiofilm activity against DFU clinical isolates, as well as against opportunistic pathogenic coagulase-negative staphylococci. The results presented here suggest that these phages could be effective biocontrol agents against staphylococcal clinical isolates from DFUs.
Immunogenicity in Mice Immunized with Recombinant Adenoviruses Expressing Varicella-Zoster Virus Envelope Glycoprotein E
Authors: Zheng Yanpeng , Huang Lei , Ding Huiru , Xu Huawei , Shu Rigan , Yu Jiemei , Peng Xianglei , Fu Yuanhui , He Jinsheng
Published: November 2023

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a disease caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The subunit vaccine, Shingrix®, and live attenuated vaccine, Zostavax®, could be used as an HZ vaccine that prevents HZ from being developed due to the reactivation of latent VZV in the sensory ganglia due to aging, stress or immunosuppression. In this study, the recombinant adenoviruses rChAd63/gE expressing glycoprotein E (gE) of VZV based on chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 63 (ChAd63) were constructed and investigated for the immunogenicity of different immune pathways in C57BL/6 mice. The results showed similar CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell responses to Shingrix® were induced in mice vaccinated using rChAd63/gE via different immune pathways. This study elucidates that recombinant adenoviruses expressing VZV gE could be appropriate for further development as a new HZ vaccine candidate via different immune pathways.
Long Term Assessment of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunogenicity after mRNA Vaccine in Persons Living with HIV
Authors: Vergori Alessandra , Cozzi-Lepri Alessandro , Matusali Giulia , Cicalini Stefania , Bordoni Veronica , Meschi Silvia , Mazzotta Valentina , Colavita Francesca , Fusto Marisa , Cimini Eleonora , Notari Stefania , D’Aquila Veronica , Lanini Simone , Lapa Daniele , Gagliardini Roberta , Mariotti Davide , Giannico Giuseppina , Girardi Enrico , Vaia Francesco , Agrati Chiara , Maggi Fabrizio , Antinori Andrea
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: Waning of neutralizing and cell-mediated immune response after the primary vaccine cycle (PVC) and the first booster dose (BD) is of concern, especially for PLWH with a CD4 count ≤200 cells/mm3. (2) Methods: Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) titers by microneutralization assay against WD614G/Omicron BA.1 and IFNγ production by ELISA assay were measured in samples of PLWH at four time points [2 and 4 months post-PVC (T1 and T2), 2 weeks and 5 months after the BD (T3 and T4)]. Participants were stratified by CD4 count after PVC (LCD4, ≤200/mm3; ICD4, 201–500/mm3, and HCD4, >500/mm3). Mixed models were used to compare mean responses over T1–T4 across CD4 groups. (3) Results: 314 PLWH on ART (LCD4 = 56; ICD4 = 120; HCD4 = 138) were enrolled. At T2, levels of nAbs were significantly lower in LCD4 vs. ICD4/HCD4 (p = 0.04). The BD was crucial for increasing nAbs titers above 1:40 at T3 and up to T4 for WD614G. A positive T cell response after PVC was observed in all groups, regardless of CD4 (p = 0.31). (4) Conclusions: Waning of nAbs after PVC was more important in LCD4 group. The BD managed to re-establish higher levels of nAbs against WD614G, which were retained for 5 months, but for shorter time for Omicron BA.1. The T cellular response in the LCD4 group was lower than that seen in participants with higher CD4 count, but, importantly, it remained above detectable levels over the entire study period.
A Systematic Review of Vaccination Guidance for Humanitarian Responses
Authors: Allison Lauren E. , Alhaffar Mervat , Checchi Francesco , Abdelmagid Nada , Nor Barni , Sabahelzain Majdi M. , Light Page M. , Singh Neha S.
Published: November 2023

Delivering vaccines in humanitarian response requires rigourous and continuous analysis of evidence. This systematic review mapped the normative landscape of vaccination guidance on vaccine-preventable diseases in crisis-affected settings. Guidance published between 2000 and 2022 was searched for, in English and French, on websites of humanitarian actors, Google, and Bing. Peer-reviewed database searches were performed in Global Health and Embase. Reference lists of all included documents were screened. We disseminated an online survey to professionals working in vaccination delivery in humanitarian contexts. There was a total of 48 eligible guidance documents, including technical guidance (n = 17), descriptive guidance (n = 16), operational guidance (n = 11), evidence reviews (n = 3), and ethical guidance (n = 1). Most were World Health Organization documents (n = 21) targeting children under 5 years of age. Critical appraisal revealed insufficient inclusion of affected populations and limited rigour in guideline development. We found limited information on vaccines including, yellow fever, cholera, meningococcal, hepatitis A, and varicella, as well as human papilloma virus (HPV). There is a plethora of vaccination guidance for vaccine-preventable diseases in humanitarian contexts. However, gaps remain in the critical and systematic inclusion of evidence, inclusion of the concept of “zero-dose” children and affected populations, ethical guidance, and specific recommendations for HPV and non-universally recommended vaccines, which must be addressed.
Evaluation and Characterization of Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents
Authors: Park Ji-Hyun , Kang Jihyun , Bae Kyung-Seon , Lee Hanbyul , Kim Jihye , Park Eung-Roh , Yoon Jeong-Ki , Lee Soo-Hyung
Published: November 2023

The increasing global incidence of quinolone antimicrobial resistance poses a considerable public health concern. The aquatic environment, particularly wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), serves as a major reservoir for antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), leading to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors contributing to quinolone antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from effluents of 33 WWTPs. A total of 1082 E. coli isolates were analyzed, 32.6% and 17.1% of which showed resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses of antibiotic resistance demonstrated that quinolone resistance primarily originated from chromosomal mutations in the gyrA, parC, and parE genes, known as quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs). The amino acid substitution at codon 83 in gyrA was closely associated with nalidixic acid resistance, whereas substitutions at codon 87 in gyrA and codon 80 in parC were significantly associated with ciprofloxacin resistance. The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes qnrS and qnrB were identified in 41 isolates (11.5%) and 15 isolates (4.2%), respectively. Thus, we confirmed that the quinolone resistance in E. coli in WWTPs primarily occurs through QRDR mutations rather than through the acquisition of PMQR genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most quinolone-resistant isolates belonged to the B1, A, B2, and D phylogenetic groups. Notably, the B2 group, which is responsible for extraintestinal infections, exhibited the highest rate of quinolone resistance. These findings provide novel insights into the presence and mechanisms of quinolone resistance in E. coli isolates from WWTPs, emphasizing the need for further research and understanding of quinolone resistance in the environment.
Enhancing Accuracy of Groundwater Level Forecasting with Minimal Computational Complexity Using Temporal Convolutional Network
Authors: Haider Adnan , Lee Gwanghee , Jafri Turab H. , Yoon Pilsun , Piao Jize , Jhang Kyoungson
Published: November 2023

Multiscale forecasting of groundwater levels (GWLs) is essential for ensuring the sustainable management of groundwater resources, particularly considering the potential impacts of climate change. Such forecasting requires a model that is not only accurate in predicting GWLs but also computationally efficient, ensuring its suitability for practical applications. In this study, a temporal convolutional network (TCN) is implemented to forecast GWLs for 17 monitoring wells possessing diverse hydrogeological characteristics, located across South Korea. Using deep learning, the influence of meteorological variables (i.e., temperature, precipitation) on the forecasted GWLs was investigated by dividing the input features into three categories. Additionally, the models were developed for three forecast intervals (at 1-, 3-, and 6-month lead times) using each category input. When compared with state-of-the-art models, that is, long short-term memory (LSTM) and artificial neural network (ANN), the TCN model showed superior performance and required much less computational complexity. On average, the TCN model outperformed the LSTM model by 24%, 21%, and 25%, and the ANN model by 24%, 37%, and 47%, respectively, for 1-, 3-, and 6-month lead times. Based on these results, the proposed TCN model can be used for real-time GWL forecasting in hydrological applications.
Іnfluence of auxiliary groups of materials on production quality removable orthopedic constructions of dental prosthesis (literature review)
Authors: Sokolova I.I. , Kuznetsov R.V. , Chulak L.D. , Kirichek O.V. , Zverkhanovskyi O.A.
Published: November 2023

Optimum restoration of the lost functions of the maxillofacial system in case of partial and complete loss of teeth is an urgent medical and social problem of modern orthopedic dentistry. Increasing the efficiency of treatment of patients with partial and complete absence of teeth, as well as improving the quality of removable plate prostheses is one of the most important tasks of orthopedic dentistry. The purpose of our study was to conduct a search and analysis of literary data of the authors' research on the comparative quality of auxiliary dental materials, for the further determination of current problems and improvement of the quality of removable orthopedic treatment. We know that 20–26% of patients do not use manufactured removable lamellar prostheses, and 37% are forced to adapt to low-quality prostheses. In addition, in 52% of cases, these structures have poor fixation and stabilization, and in 64.7% of patients, diseases of the mucous membrane develop under the bases of removable prostheses. When using removable lamellar prostheses, chewing pressure is transmitted unevenly through the base of the prosthesis, which accelerates the process of resorption and atrophy of the bone base of the prosthetic bed. All this leads to the acceleration of atrophic processes in the tissues of the jaws. Of all the variety of properties of any material, the main attention is paid to those properties that are directly related to specific production. In this regard, it is necessary to develop modern requirements for auxiliary dental materials and additional study of their properties. Improvement of manufacturing technologies of removable dental prostheses, namely the use of high-tech dental materials, will give a new impetus to improving the quality of dental prosthetics.

Keywords: removable prostheses, dental materials, acrylic base, orthopedic treatment.
Tuberculosis Trends in the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors: Tsvetkov Andrey I. , Cherniaev Igor A. , Nozhkina Natalia V. , Drobot Anastasiya G.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Medical and social importance of a continuous decrease in tuberculosis morbidity and mortality remains high implementation of tuberculosis control programs involves the analysis of current regional trends in the epidemic situation and interdepartmental cooperation in taking comprehensive measures to prevent the spread of this infectious disease. Objective: To analyze local trends and features of the spread of tuberculosis in the population of the Sverdlovsk Region. Materials and methods: Based on the results of a retrospective and prospective study for 2012–2022, we analyzed tuberculosis incidence, prevalence and mortality rates, bacterial carriage, drug resistance, combination with HIV infection, and the structure of clinical forms of tuberculosis in the Sverdlovsk Region. The data were retrieved from the reports of the Federal State Statistics Service, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Ministries of Health of the Russian Federation and the Sverdlovsk Region, the Federal Register of Tuberculosis Patients, and departmental statistics of prison health care. Results: We observed a decline in the regional tuberculosis incidence, prevalence and death rates over the study period that were consistently higher than the national averages. The proportion of patients with bacterial excretion, multidrug resistance, and tuberculosis/HIV coinfection was increasing among the incident cases while the proportion of cases of disseminated and intrathoracic lymph node tuberculosis was rising in the structure of clinical forms. The main regional factors influencing the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis include a large number of prisoners and a higher prevalence of HIV infection among the general population. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the situation, further implementation of a set of measures for interdepartmental cooperation for monitoring and combating tuberculosis is envisaged by the regional program.
Analysis of Organization of Primary Health Care in Colleges of the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors: Kazantseva Anna V. , Anufrieva Elena V. , Titova Diana I. , Gertsen Yana V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: In the coming years, in an unstable demographic and socio-economic situation, the workforce of the country will be replenished by teenagers studying in secondary vocational schools (colleges). Health protection of the younger
generation is one of the main tasks of our time.
Objective: To examine the system of primary health care to secondary vocational school students of the Sverdlovsk Region in the context of amended requirements for medical licensing.
Materials and methods: In March 2023, we analyzed regulatory legal documents, data from the Unified Register of Medical Licenses on regional colleges and health facilities with the assigned population. We also compared the results of an anonymous sociological survey of specialists of college health units.
Results: We have established amendments in requirements for medical practice licensing, including additional conditions for maintaining electronic registers and exchanging medical data through a Unified Health Information System and the
turnover of medicines. There are five basic models of primary health care in colleges within the existing regulatory framework: 1) independent licensing of a medical office by the college; 2) conclusion of contracts for medical care of students with a nearby polyclinic separately for minors and adult students; 3) licensing of a medical office located in the college on behalf of a hospital; 4) organization of a student polyclinic and assigning students to it for the period of study; 5) medical care of students in health units of the enterprise carrying out targeted training for students.
Conclusions: The existing models of primary health care do not fully ensure the rights of minors studying in colleges to health protection and require improvement. In the Sverdlovsk Region, the model of independent licensing of medical offices
is the most common, which also prevents students from receiving the entire declared volume of primary health care.
Incidence of Acute Respiratory Infections in Dental Care Professionals
Authors: Ivanov Danil Yu. , Drozdova Olga M. , An Rozaliya N. , Kobylina Anna G.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: A wide spread of causative agents of acute respiratory infections and an intensive use of aerosol-generating procedures in dentistry affect the disease incidence in dental care professionals. This issue, however, remains poorly studied.
Objective: To study the incidence of acute respiratory infections in dental health personnel in order to optimize appropriate preventive measures.
Materials and methods: In 2021, we conducted a descriptive retrospective epidemiological study of the workplace absence due to acute respiratory diseases among 352 dental care professionals (case study group) and 782 people unrelated
to the medical field (control group). To assess the statistical significance of differences in the incidence rates, the Pearson criterion (χ2) was applied. The data were analyzed in Microsoft Office Excel 2013 and Epi Info v. 1.4.3.
Results: We established that the incidence rates of viral respiratory diseases in the dental health personnel were 2.2 times higher than in the control group (301.14 and 136.83 ‰, respectively; p = 0.00001). During the respiratory illness season, the cases were 3.3 times more likely to get sick (p = 0.000001). At the same time, the incidence in the cases working in therapeutic and orthopedic departments and applying aerosol-generating procedures was 2.7 times higher compared to those working in other departments (p = 0.00153). Females generally prevailed among therapists and orthopedists (83.81 %)
and the rates of viral respiratory infections in them were found to be 2.73 times higher than in male surgeons (p = 0.00134).
Conclusions: The high incidence of acute respiratory infections observed in the dental care professionals, especially in those using aerosol-generating procedures in their everyday practice, shows the necessity of improving measures for prevention of respiratory tract infections in dentistry.
Homo Zappiens
Authors: Teodoro Ana Paula Evaristo Guizarde , Dias Viviane Kawano , Andrade Rubian Diego , Figueiredo Juliana de Paula , Schwartz Gisele Maria
Published: November 2023

Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo investigar os conteúdos informacionais disseminados no site Movimento Nômades Digitais, buscando compreender os processos de autogestão de lazer-trabalho nesse estilo de viver. A pesquisa do tipo exploratória foi pautada em análise documental e estudo de caso. Os resultados apontam alguns paradoxos no equilíbrio entre as formas de concepção da autogestão do trabalho e as possíveis ressonâncias na autogestão do lazer. Essas mudanças no estilo do trabalho podem não representar, igualmente, mais flexibilidade de tempo e possibilidades de vivências de experiências significativas no lazer, sobretudo, pelos aspectos econômicos, políticos, culturais e organizacionais envolvidos. A autogestão do lazer parece não poder ser diretamente associada à autogestão do trabalho dos nômades digitais, já que outros elementos entram em cena, para além da opção pessoal em si.
Penerapan Edible Film dari Singkong Sebagai Kemasan Primer Ramah Lingkungan pada Produk UMKM Kopi 49
Authors: Nasution Syahrizal , Sihombing Grace , Auli Winni Nur , Harmiansyah Harmiansyah , Lianti Lita
Published: November 2023

Penggunaan kemasan plastik masih menjadi permasalahan limbah di Indonesia. Plastik memiliki kelemahan sulit terurai sehingga tidak ramah lingkungan dan dapat mencemari lingkungan. Pemanfaatan edible film merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut, yaitu kemasan yang dapat terurai dan dapat dimakan. Edible film dapat dibuat dari bahan utama pati singkong mengingat kandungan pati dalam singkong. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan edible film dari pati singkong sebagai kemasan pada kopi instan yang dijual oleh UMKM Kopi 49. Pengabdian dimulai dari tahap perencanaan untuk mendiskusikan kriteria kemasan yang diharapkan, formulasi edible film, pelatihan pembuatan edible film dan proses pengemasannya untuk produk kopi, serta evaluasi. Pada pelatihan diberikan materi mengenai edible film mulai dari definisi, fungsi dan manfaat serta demo praktik cara pembuatan edible film bersama mitra pengabdian UMKM Kopi 49. Pelatihan telah dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mitra untuk membuat edible film dan pemanfaatannya sebagai kemasan kopi. Hasil evaluasi kuesioner kegiatan pengabdian yang dilaksanakan tepat sasaran, sesuai kebutuhan, dan merupakan solusi dari masalah di masyarakat khususnya UMKM Kopi 49.
IoT-Internet of Things in Health Care ECG-Electrocardiogram & Medical kit by Connecting Doctor
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab), India., Reddy B. Vijayendra , Garg Rachit ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab), India., V Vivek. ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jain university, Bengaluru (Karnataka), India.
Published: November 2023

Nowadays present is the beginning of the future with new computing technology in IoT-internet of things consists of a sort of “universal global neural networks” in the cloud computing internet with connecting various devices and machines interacting with help of it we are going to do research in the medical field with help of “artificial intelligence”-AI check’s automatically kept patients verified with help of sharp sensors and medical gadget blend. I have created IoT-architecture customized for health applications to improve the lifestyle of patients and to utilize the new various technology in different areas in every living organism. In this field two fields of easy monitoring with help of “ECG and medical-kit” any change in easy identification diseases and given treatment immediately on spot. While treatment will be given anywhere in the world located GPS-tracking and alert given to doctors & families etc. after treatment facilities given progress as per doctor consultations.
The Predicted Performance of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Islamic Boarding School Design in Magelang
Authors: Indarti Fenty , Indrawan Iwan , Rizqiyah Fardilla , Krisdianto Johanes , Nuffida Nur Endah , Defiana Ima
Published: November 2023

The importance issue in providing comfortable indoor air quality conflicts with the use of energy for mechanical cooling in tropics region such as Indonesia. Natural ventilation is seen as a potential to provide comfort through the change of air within the inside and outside of the space. Natural ventilation becomes a strategy to achieve building resilience towards climate change because it requires no energy consumption. Therefore, this research aims to justify the design of natural ventilation of low-income Islamic Boarding School in Magelang using steady state simulation. The results indicated that among three ventilation strategies simulated in this study, it can be concluded that stack effect is predicted to produce higher air flow rate which results to comfortable predicted observation on adaptive comfort.