bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zrób mi jakąś krzywdę… Jakuba Żulczyka jako współczesny „pamiętnik z okresu dojrzewania”
Authors: Kurkiewicz Marek
Published: July 2023

Artykuł przynosi analizę jednego z kluczowych aspektów debiutanckiej powieści Jakuba Żulczyka Zrób mi jakąś krzywdę… (2006), jakim jest dojrzewanie. Równocześnie prezentuje potencjalne analogie z międzywojennym tomem opowiadań Witolda Gombrowicza Pamiętnik z okresu dojrzewania (1933), którego bohaterowie na różne sposoby starają się „dorosnąć” do otaczających ich Form. U Żulczyka niemal w każdej wykreowanej postaci jest coś niedojrzałego, bez względu na wiek metrykalny czy doświadczenie. Najlepszym tego przykładem jest para głównych bohaterów: dwudziestopięcioletni Dawid i porwana przez niego nastolatka, genialna, wyalienowana dziewczyna, zamknięta w świecie gier video. W trakcie podróży inicjacyjnej pod wpływem różnych czynników każde z nich przechodzi metamorfozę, dojrzewa, powoli przekraczając granice dzieciństwa. Żulczyk zderza przy tym różne współczesne typy niedojrzałości, równocześnie prowokując pytanie o kondycję dorosłości w dzisiejszym świecie.
Obraz rodziny w polskich i francuskich książkach dla dzieci
Authors: Kwiatkowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2023

Rodzina to ważny temat w literaturze dla dzieci i młodzieży. W utworach dla najmłodszych ukazywana jest inaczej niż w tekstach dla dzieci starszych i dla młodzieży – jako środowisko bezpieczne i dające akceptację. Specyfika obrazu rodziny w polskiej literaturze dla dzieci została uwidoczniona poprzez zestawienie z francuskimi książkami dla dzieci. Francuskie publikacje, mimo popularnonaukowego charakteru, zwykle operują fabułą. Różnorodność przeżywana w duchu wolności, równości i braterstwa jest w nich ukazana jako bogactwo i źródło radości. Polskie książki podkreślają wartość rodziny, pozbawione są jednak lekkości i żartobliwości obecnej w tekstach francuskich. Zróżnicowany obraz rodziny ukazywany w książkach dla dzieci o charakterze informacyjnym w niewielkim stopniu znajduje swoje odzwierciedlenie w tekstach literackich.
Dzieciństwo w literackich utopiach komunistycznych pierwszej połowy XX wieku
Authors: Witczak Patryk
Published: July 2023

a początku XX wieku w Rosji, wraz ze wzrostem popularności idei komunistycznych i tendencji rewolucyjnych, częściej zaczęły powstawać utwory o charakterze utopijnym, w których snuto wizje idealnego ładu społecznego. Jednym z problemów poruszanych w utopiach literackich tego okresu było zaproponowanie nowej koncepcji dzieciństwa. W artykule na przykładzie trzech powieści: Czerwona gwiazda Aleksandra Bogdanowa, Nadchodzący świat 1923–2123 Jakowa Okuniewa, Państwo szczęśliwych Jana Łariego ukazane zostało, w jaki sposób utopiści wyobrażali sobie miejsce dziecka w społeczeństwie komunistycznym. Rozpatrzone zostały trzy zagadnienia, związane z pojęciem dzieciństwa: stosunki rodzinne, koncepcje wychowania, dziecięca infrastruktura. Całość została osadzona w kontekście ówczesnych koncepcji pedagogicznych.
Dlaczego Śnieżka łaknie krwi? Popkulturowe wariacje wampiryczne na temat Grimmowskiej baśni
Authors: Kostecka Weronika , Skowera Maciej
Published: July 2023

Jako mem – kulturowy replikator – baśń o Śnieżce ma wysoki potencjał wirusowy w rozumieniu Jacka Zipesa. Badania prowadzone nad tym tekstem kultury wykazały obecność kilkuset jego wersji na kilku kontynentach, przy czym najbardziej znany wariant literacki to ten Grimmowski. W artykule koncentrujemy się na analizie porównawczej wampirycznych wcieleń Śnieżki w trzech utworach literackich: opowiadaniach Snow, Glass, Apples (Szkło, śnieg i jabłka) Neila Gaimana (1994) i Red as Blood (Czerwona jak krew) Tanith Lee (1983) oraz powieści Blood and Snow (Krew i śnieg) Rashelle Workman (2012). Wykazują one wyraźne powinowactwa z wariantem Grimmowskim: czy to na poziomie implicytnym, poprzez wykorzystanie skanonizowanych przez tę wersję składników fabularnych, estetycznych itp., czy to eksplicytnym, poprzez bezpośrednie wskazówki paratekstualne i metafikcjonalne. Podejmujemy zatem próbę uzupełnienia stanu badań nad popkulturowymi wizerunkami wampira, a jednocześnie – wpisania się w nurt rozwijających się w naszym kraju studiów grimmologicznych.
Między reprezentacją a konstruktem dzieciństwa
Authors: Żynis Bernadetta
Published: July 2023

Artykuł odnosi się do książki Reprezentacje i konstrukty dzieciństwa w literaturze oraz kulturze XX i XXI wieku, red. Alicja Dąbrowska, Robert Mielhorski, Beata Morzyńska-Wrzosek, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego, Bydgoszcz 2022. To zbiorowa monografia poświęcona prezentacji obrazu/figury dziecka w literaturze fikcyjnej i intymistycznej, literaturze dla dorosłych i dla dzieci, a także w podręcznikach, w teatrze, fotografii, kartach gratulacyjnych, malarstwie. Sposób ukazywania dziecka w przestrzeni sztuki zmienia się. Współcześnie portrety dziecka wahają się między reprezentacją a konstrukcją jego obrazu, ale zdaje się przeważać przekonanie twórców i świadomość odbiorców, że każdej prezentacji jest bliżej do kreacji niż do „mimetycznego odwzorowania”. Autorzy prezentują szeroki wachlarz ujęć, co omawianą książkę czyni ciekawą lekturą.
Experience and Firms’ Financing Behavior: A Behavioral Perspective
Authors: Fidrmuc Jarko , Horky Florian
Published: July 2023

Using multinomial logit methodology for financing application decisions for bank loans, credit lines and trade credits, we show that firms’ financial behavior is driven by their lagged experience. Moreover, the optimism and pessimism of firms (animal spirit) is another important determinant. Our results stress the importance of the behavioral perspective to corporate finance. The policy of quantitative easing of the ECB had only weak effects on the access to banking loans, while it was significantly correlated with lower internal funding. Our results have possible implications to understand the behavioral dynamics of corporate financing structure the in the post pandemic period.
Doctorji the Divorcé
Authors: Deslippe Philip
Published: July 2023

Using newspaper articles and previously sealed court records, this article analyses Bhagat Singh Thind through his almost entirely overlooked short and turbulent marriage to Inez Buelen, a marriage that occurred less than a year after the Supreme Court decision that ruled Thind ineligible for American citizenship and only months into his decades-long career as a metaphysical lecturer. In contrast to the prevailing view that Thind’s sense of his own race was unknowable, or that he defined himself as White as part of a legal strategy or a matter of expediency in gaining citizenship, I argue that the marriage and subsequent divorce show that he consistently claimed Whiteness for years after his Supreme Court case, both in public and in private, and on the basis of descent, geography, caste, racial science, previous court rulings, and his own blood.
Thind and Belonging across the Edges of Time
Authors: Thangaraj Stanley
Published: July 2023

Utilizing Tyehimba Jess’s conception of “double-jointed,” the author interprets the Bhagat Singh Thind case in relation to the Takeo Ozawa case as a way to engage spatially and historically. Through such a comparison, the author underscores the importance of comparative racialization in understanding not only the historical legacy of the Thind case but also how it manifests today during times of the “global war on terror,” anti-Asian racism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Indigenous dispossession, and ongoing anti-Black racism. Thangaraj writes about these cases while putting it in conversation with parallel cases, histories, and processes in order to make the point that race, as with the Thind case, must be understood through a comparative racialization frame in order to conceptualize social justice and citizenship through the broadest frames.
Protection of Patent Rights in the Genetic Engineering Development to Support the Development of New Capital City of Indonesia
Authors: Hediati Febri Noor
Published: July 2023

This set of laws investigates the best ways to build a science on the foundation of genetic engineering and to offer patent protection for products that have been genetically engineered in the new capital city of Indonesia. Genetic engineering requires knowledge of medicine, including drugs and healing procedures, as well as knowledge related to genetic resources, a separate institution is required to study, research, and develop the inherent potentials in the new capital city. This is because genetic engineering includes technical skills, craftsmanship, agricultural knowledge, ecological knowledge, and knowledge of genetic resources. In order for subsequent inventors to be able to compete and develop new genetic engineering technologies, legal protection is absolutely necessary in today's global competition. The purpose of the government's efforts to provide legal protection for patent rights on genetic products is to provide full support to the general public. This will be accomplished by facilitating public access to legal protection by registering intellectual property rights in the field of patents. In a similar vein, the progression of genetic engineering will be protected by the registration of its patent, and its effects will be able to be felt by the people living in the new capital city as well as the areas that surround it. Keywords: Patent Rights, Genetic Engineering, New Capital City
Digital Literacy and Development of Santripreneur Asset Quality Through The Leadership Role of Kyai: A Case Study of Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Prabowo Muchammad Shidqon , Pratiwi Ratih , Pambudi Bagus , Coriala Melyn Eta , Aziz Mohamad Abdul
Published: July 2023

Islamic boarding schools in the current global era need to increase their capacity as Islamic educational institutions that have advanced civilizations. With the emergence of global developments regarding economic conditions in ASEAN countries (within the scope of Southeast Asia), one of which is marked by the presence of the AEC (ASEAN Economic Community), the Indonesian people must improve their soft skills amid the global market competition to be competitive. Islamic boarding schools need to respond to global challenges so that Islamic values do not fade with the incessant development of industrial and economic globalization. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions in the use of electronic media in Islamic boarding schools and analyze Kyai’s strategy in empowering santri entrepreneurship and government support in the role of Islamic boarding schools as a catalyst for the community’s economy. This collaborative research for community service is located in Batang Regency. The results show that in facing the disruptive era, Islamic boarding schools in addition to implementing Islamic values in the use of digital media, it is necessary to socialize the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions to santri so that they can provide a borderline in the use of digital media following applicable regulations apply in Indonesia. Islamic boarding schools have the potential for economic empowerment, considering that many Islamic boarding schools have built cooperatives, developed various business units or small and medium-sized industries, and have a cubator business. The government develops entrepreneurship in Islamic boarding schools with the program “One Islamic Boarding School One Product”.
Omnibus Law And Conflicting Norms And Their Relevance To Business Ease In Indonesia
Authors: Ma’ruf Zuhri Umar , Wardhani Lita Tyesta Addy Listya
Published: July 2023

The problem of overlapping laws and regulations in Indonesia has become a classic unresolved issue. The emergence of the Omnibus Law as a new method of drafting legislation in Indonesia is expected to be able to resolve these problems. However, the Constitutional Court (MK) has decided that the Job Creation Act which has been drafted using the Omnibus Law method is conditionally unconstitutional. This study aims to examine in depth the relevance of the Omnibus Law method to the harmonization of legislation in Indonesia and its relation to the Constitutional Court's decision on conditionally unconstitutional. The research method used in this research is normative juridical using secondary data. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the relevance of the Omnibus Law method to the harmonization of laws and regulations in Indonesia is the Omnibus Law method, which offers regulatory reforms that overlap each other even though Law No. 15 of 2019 has not included this concept but harmonization of laws and regulations needs to be done. to resolve conflicting laws and regulations. This method is expected to be able to solve the problems of effective and efficient laws and regulations. It is also necessary to provide a legal basis regarding the Omnibus Law so that these regulations run well and do not cause problems in law enforcement in Indonesia.
Business Dispute Resolution: Insight from Indonesia and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Valones Atty Genald Malvas , Krisnugrahanto Daniel , Al Farabi Malik
Published: July 2023

In legal disputes, the crucial aspect lies in the execution of a decision. A decision holds no value if it cannot be effectively enforced, even if it possesses permanent legal force. To settle civil cases, two prominent institutions are employed: the court and arbitration. In the context of international business agreements, parties turn to international arbitration as a means of resolving disputes, employing neutral third parties. This paper delves into the process of international arbitration, particularly focusing on its application within the business sector. Various arbitration clauses in international business agreements establish international arbitration, with the objective of impartially addressing disputes between parties involved. A notable institution that facilitates such resolution is the Saudi Center for Commercial Arbitration (SCCA) in Saudi Arabia. However, the effectiveness of arbitration rests on the implementation of arbitration awards, which is influenced by the type of arbitration undertaken, whether national or international. Hence, this paper aims to draw a comparative analysis between the Indonesian National Arbitration Board (BANI) and the Saudi Center for Commercial Arbitration (SCCA), examining the legal basis employed and the processes involved in resolving arbitration disputes. By understanding the contrasting practices of these arbitration institutions, stakeholders can gain insights into optimizing dispute resolution mechanisms. The study holds practical significance for businesses and individuals engaged in international trade, emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate arbitration institution to ensure enforceability and expeditious resolution of disputes. Ultimately, the findings of this research contribute to fostering a more efficient and reliable international arbitration framework.
Implementation of the Age Limitation for Marriage from the Perspective of Indonesian Family and Marriage Law
Authors: Prabowo Wahyu , Bhakti Indira Swasti Gama , Puspandari Rr. Yunita , Beatrice Ivana
Published: July 2023

The fundamental purpose of marriage is to unite couples as a family within a household. However, societal perceptions of marriage have evolved, particularly among the younger generation, resulting in instances of premarital pregnancies and engaging in dating and sexual activities that may contradict their religious beliefs. This increase in promiscuity has led to a surge in requests for marriage dispensation in courts to bypass the marriage age limit set by Indonesian Law Number 16 of 2019 on Marriage. To address this issue, this research employs a qualitative method to analyze data. The study findings reveal the need to amend Article 7, paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974 to Article 7, paragraph (1) of Law Number 16 of 2019 on Marriage. This amendment proposes raising the marriage age limit to 19 years old for both men and women, with the aim of ensuring the overall well-being and promoting the possibility of leading a respectable life. However, the implementation of the marriage age limit has not been fully effective due to the existence of Supreme Court Regulation No. 5 of 2019, which outlines guidelines for Marriage Dispensation Application Trials. This regulation weakens the age limitation legally, as judges refer to it when considering granting requests for marriage dispensation. In light of these circumstances, it is crucial for law enforcers and all stakeholders to prioritize the prevention of child marriage during the review process for marriage dispensation. This approach seeks to address the root causes of increasing promiscuity and premarital pregnancies, fostering an environment that encourages responsible and mature decision-making regarding marriage. Therefore, this study also emphasized that to ensure the general welfare of individuals and combat the rise in promiscuity and child marriage, amending marriage laws should be complemented with a focused effort on preventing child marriage during the dispensation process.
Drug Patent Monopoly During Covid-19 Outbreaks: How the Government Regulates this?
Authors: Masrur Devica Rully , Constance Ogah Chinyere
Published: July 2023

Health is an inherent human right constitutionally guaranteed, and during the Global Covid-19 Pandemic, the Indonesian government faced a delicate balance between safeguarding public health and complying with its obligations as a member of the WTO under the TRIPS Agreement, which mandates patent protection for medicines, medical devices, and vaccines, crucially needed during the pandemic. International and national laws have addressed these challenges through the TRIPs Protector Article, providing options for member states to take specific measures, such as Parallel Imports, Bolar Provisions, Compulsory Licenses, and Government Use of Patents. These solutions demonstrate that even in emergency situations, the rights of inventors can still be upheld while ensuring access to essential medicines for the public. In the case of Indonesia, the government employed the Government Use of Patents policy through Presidential Regulations Number 77 of 2020, Number 100 of 2021, and Number 101 of 2021, pertaining to Remdesivir and Favipiravir medicines, respectively. This approach, though involving compulsory acquisition, is time-limited, non-exclusive, and provides fair compensation to patent holders, reflecting a balanced and just approach to addressing the critical public health needs during the pandemic.
Disharmony of Domestic Refining Provisons for Mineral and Coal in Indonesian Laws and Regulations
Authors: Rohmadanti Ira Fadilla , Ramadhan Febriansyah , Rafiqi Ilham Dwi
Published: July 2023

Domestic refining practices of minerals and coal in Indonesia have not run efficiently and provided provisions for the country. The challenge of realizing the purification policy comes in turn, one of which is the problem of regulation. Hence, this study aims to examine and analyze mineral and coal (referred to as minerba) refining policy in the country in the laws and regulations, ranging from the level of legislation to implementing regulations. The research method used is normative legal research using a statutory and conceptual approach. The results showed that domestic minerba refining policies stated in many rules tends to be not one-way and is flexible, indicated by frequent changes in domestic refining policy. As a result, it causes disharmony between the Minerba Bill and the implementing regulations. Some implementing regulations, particularly Ministerial Regulations, are not in accordance with the principle of the obligation to increase the value-add by carrying out processing and refining domestically. Moreover, the regulation is considered contradictory due to providing opportunities for exporting minerals that have not been processed and refined, leading to reduced state revenues and impact on state losses.
The Settlement of Mining Disputes and The Implementation of International Arbitration Awards
Authors: Suwarsit Suwarsit , Arifardhani Yoyo
Published: July 2023

Article 154 of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining has regulated dispute resolution through domestic courts and arbitration. In fact, the dispute resolution such as the divestment cases of PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara and PT Kaltim Prima Coal was settled at the International Arbitration Institute. Furthermore, the resolution of the dispute over the divestment of mineral and coal mining shares against PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara and PT Kaltim Prima Coal through the International Arbitration Institute was accepted and some were rejected. The purpose of this research is to find the settlement of mineral and coal mining disputes and the implementation of international arbitration decisions. The results of the study show that in addition to resolving mineral and coal mining disputes, contracts made by mining business actors with the Government of Indonesia, both Contracts of Work and Coal Mining Concession Work Agreements, dispute resolution is carried out through International Arbitration institutions besides being regulated through courts and domestic arbitration. The implementation of international arbitral awards according to Indonesian law must meet several conditions, one of which is that the decision is handed down by an arbitrator or arbitral tribunal in a country with the Indonesian state bound by agreements, both bilaterally and multilaterally. Regarding the recognition and implementation of international arbitration awards, if the starting point is Article 3 in the New York Convention, a request for recognition and execution from one of the participating countries to a participant in another country must be executed, but Article 5 of the New York Convention provides the possibility for a participating country to refuse it.
Access to Justice Based on Expert Testimony in Tax Crimes: An Integrated Criminal Justice System Perspective in Indonesia
Authors: Arimuladi Setia Untung
Published: July 2023

Several cases of criminal acts in the field of taxation show differences in calculating losses in state revenue between prosecution and judge's decisions; several decisions acquit or punish a defendant. There is still ambiguity in treatment between the application of criminal tax sanctions or administrative tax sanctions, so it is necessary to and urges to conduct a study of access to justice in terms of setting expert statements in tax crimes based on the principle of equality before the law and the principle of checks and balances in building a solid integrated criminal justice system. Two main conclusions were drawn based on case studies and literature reviews using the normative juridical method, the access to justice, and the progressive legal models. First, experts in calculating losses on state income and experts on tax regulations in taxation are still dominated by internal employees of the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT), which of course will reduce the value of the independence of the experts' statements because they cannot be separated from conflicts of interest with their institutions. Second, experts who provide information in a tax crime must be competent, independent, capable, and objective in providing information and opinions so that it needs to be made in the form of a cross-institutional ad hoc team with accountability in the form of a report on the results of the examination. It is necessary and urgent to provide legal certainty in access to justice for expert testimony to update the rules regarding procedures for expert testimony in tax crimes.
Analysis of The Merger of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia in Legal and Sharia Perspective
Authors: Umam Khotibul , Kimberly Vina Berliana
Published: July 2023

Legal analysis are necessary to the general considerations for merging in order to create a national banking industry structure that is strong and competitive and responsive to future challenges and special considerations for the merger of PT BNI Syariah and PT Bank Syariah Mandiri into PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, namely as an effort to create new and contributing national development workers. Towards the welfare of the wider community and shows the performance of sharia banking in Indonesia which is modern, universal, and provides goodness for all nature (Rahmatan Lil ‘Aalamiin). This issue has significance to be studied based on law and sharia because it can be a legal reference in the future. The research was conducted based on normative legal research and qualitative analysis. The result of this research shows that the considerations and the merger process are based on statutory regulations and have complied with sharia principles in the sense of fulfilling the values and objectives of Islamic banks, as well as being in line with the function of law as a means of development in order to achieve the benefit of the people and all the people of Indonesia.
An Exoneration Clause in Standard Agreements: Problems in Consumer Protection
Authors: Agustianto Agustianto
Published: July 2023

Standard agreements have been applied to the current business world in Indonesia. Problem in this research is relating to the standard agreement contains an exoneration clause that may cause detrimental to consumers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal protection in Indonesia for consumers related to standard agreements. The method in this research is normative juridical and the use of the theory of legal protection by Philipus M. Hadjon and the theory of law as a tool of social engineering by Roscoe Pound. Based on the research results, Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection has provided repressive approaches, namely the protection given at the end and preventive namely the protection provided when a violation occurs. Legal protection has not been able to become a tool in social engineering, changing people’s behavior and creating a civilized society. Therefore, the recommendation in this study is that Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection should be amended by containing strict sanctions for business actors who apply standard agreements containing exoneration clauses in the hope that these sanctions can provide a deterrent effect and can change people’s behavior to obey the laws that have been regulated.
Prophetic Law Accentuation in Marriage Regulations in Indonesia: Efforts to Maintain Family Resilience During The Pandemic
Authors: Rohman Adi Nur
Published: July 2023

The Indonesian people during the pandemic seemed to forget the purpose of married life which idealizes a household that lasts forever. The increasing divorce rate during the pandemic seems to confirm this hypothesis regardless of any triggering factors. Of course, the product of legislation related to marriage and family must be able to maintain the integrity and resilience of the family. This article aims to analyze transcendental values in marriage law regulations which play a very significant role in building family resilience. This article is in the form of a normative legal study that instrumented the approach to the application of laws and the philosophical approach and prophetic legal theory as a knife of analysis. The results of the study show that emphasizing divine values on rules that build and family resilience is absolutely necessary in and maintaining family resilience which is manifested in a sakinah, mawaddah and rahmah household. Prophetic values such as efforts to complicate divorce, legalization of marriages based on religious law, marriage as a form of lifelong ubudiyah must be internalized in applicable legal regulations.
Human Rights Perspective of Protection Law for The Outsourcing Bank Workers in Ciptakerja Omnibus Law Bill
Authors: Tektona Rahmadi Indra
Published: July 2023

In economic development, The bank is one of the economic “spine ”of the country, competition in the world of banking business makes bank needs to focus for creating many products and services which is related to their main competition, for the recruitment staff bank also using outsources company to make easier and everything more efficiency for them. Outsourcing in Indonesia refers to power experts. The Indonesian government also have rights to protects all employee because there are law bills number 13 the year of 2003 (No. 13 Tahun 2003) about outsources employment it said outsources employment could not taking care of the main job in the company but in Omnibus Law bills it is said all the outsources employee could working in everything and all the type of job desk in a company could be handle by outsourcing workers. This journal is using normative method research, this normative method of research it has function is to discuss bills that people talking about. The Author is using a few methods for this journal such as legislative approach, conceptual approach for the main purpose is to help the academic world for having Journal about employment laws.
Implementation of Marriage Law and Impacts on The Marriage of Sea Tribal Children in Lipan Island
Authors: Tan Winsherly
Published: July 2023

Child marriage is a case that still occurs in Indonesia, including in the marine tribal community on Lipan Island, Lingga Regency. However, Indonesia already has a set of regulations governing marriage and child protection. This study aims to, first, examine the application of Indonesian regulations regarding marriage to children of the sea tribe. Second, to elaborate on the impacts that occur as a result of the practice of child marriage of sea tribesmen. The method used is empirical legal research. Sources of data come from primary data and secondary data. There are two (2) legal theories used to analyze the research problem, namely the Theory of Legal Effectiveness by Soerjono Soekanto and Theory of Legal Protection by Muchsin. The results of the study indicate that the application of regulations regarding marriage has not been effective when measured by the theory of legal effectiveness and is not in accordance with the meaning of legal protection proposed by Muchsin. There are several impacts resulting from child marriage, namely the non-fulfillment of children’s rights in the fields of health and education. Therefore, it is necessary to make changes to the regulations regarding marriage regarding the opportunity to carry out child marriages with parental permission, in addition to improving the quality of education for the Sea Tribe community on Lipan Island.
Applicability of Law Number 11 of 2020 Concerning Job Creation After The Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020
Authors: Panjaitan Marojahan
Published: July 2023

With the issuance of the decision of Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020, the DPR and the government, as lawmakers, are obliged to comply with it. Because the decision of the Constitutional Court is a legal decision that all parties must obey without exception, it is necessary to obtain an assessment, first, of how the law applies. No. 11 of 2020 after the decision of Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020. Second, how are the DPR and the government’s efforts to respond to changes in Law no. 11 of 2020 after Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020? The research method used is normative legal research, namely library research, whose sources use secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study on the Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVII/2020, that Law No. 11 of 2020 is still valid. However, the House of Representative/DPR and the Government are given time to fix it within a period of two years. If corrections are not made within this time period, the law will become permanently invalid. In fulfilling this, first amendments were made to Law Number 12 of 2011, so that it became Law Number 13 of 2022 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Legislation. The amendment has included the omnibus method as the basis for forming laws and regulations. Based on Law Number 13 of 2022, the DPR and the Government made improvements to Law Number 11 of 2020. The results of the study show that by the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020, which grants the applicant’s request conditionally, the DPR and the government are obliged to amend Law no. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation since the decision of the Constitutional Court aquo was read. If, within 2 (two) years, the DPR and the government cannot make improvements to Law No. 11 of 2020, the law becomes permanently unconstitutional. On that basis, law. No. 11 of 2020 after the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 is still valid unless the DPR and the government do not make improvements to Law No. 11 of 2020 within 2 (two) years, then the law becomes permanently invalid. Therefore, in response to the Constitutional Court’s decision, the DPR and the government are currently trying to amend Law no. 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislation. In this change, the omnibus law method is explicitly mentioned as one of the methods for forming laws.
Legal Humanism Based on Local Wisdom: Progressive Legal Development Study in Magelang
Authors: Suwandoko Suwandoko , Yusliwidaka Arnanda , Rihardi Satrio Ageng , Lubis Ria Karlina , Triantono Triantono , Pajrin Rani
Published: July 2023

Legal development aims to realize justice, certainty, and legal benefits, so legal development is explored in the social interaction of society itself. This research is concerned with the development of progressive and humanist law based on local wisdom. The concept looks at the relationship between 1) local wisdom and legal development, 2) local community participation and legal development, and 3) progressive legal development based on local wisdom. The type of juridical sociological research, data collection techniques with documentation, observation, and interviews, then the data analysis technique used is the interaction analysis model. The results of the study are the existence of local wisdom values in influencing the development of law in the community, namely the value of mutual cooperation and the value of deliberation. Community participation in the development of law in society has space for community participation in legal developments since planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The values of local wisdom and community participation have potential in the development of progressive-humanist law, namely in the development of progressive and humanist law influenced by the values of local wisdom and the role of community participation so as to be able to build a law of conscience, respect human dignity and be able to provide a sense of justice according to the noble values that live in society. The suggestion from this research is that the community always maintains and preserves local wisdom that lives and grows in people's lives. The community and local government always maintain a synergistic relationship in the implementation of democratic community participation. In policy planning, it always explores the values of local wisdom in society and always involves community participation in creating progressive and humanist laws.
Small Claims Court Based on An Agreement to Support Ease of Doing Business In Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Faizal , Nugraha Xavier , Katherina Ave Maria Frisa , Hartono Julienna
Published: July 2023

The limit of material claim in the small claims court regulated in PERMA Number 4 of 2019 can be seen as a limitation towards the choice of forums for resolving disputes. Therefore, this research initiates a legal breakthrough that allows the limit of material claim to be deviated by agreement or contract. After analyzing the relevant legal sources, it can be concluded that the formation of a small claims court based on an agreement is in accordance with the principles of quick, simple, and affordable trial. In line with the utilitarian approach and economic analysis of law, it is expected that the expansion of the range of small claims court procedures will bring benefits to the community, especially incresing the ease of doing business in Indonesia. This idea does not violate the basic principles of a small claims court because it only changes the terms of a dispute that can be resolved by a small claims procedures, while the mechanism for examining the case still refers to the existing regulations. The formulation of the norm can be read:“The maximum value of the lawsuit is IDR 500,000,000.00 (five hundred million rupiah), unless otherwise agreed with a written agreement that expressly states that the dispute resolution chosen is a small claims court forum of which the  material claims exceed the maximum limit regulated in PERMA Number 4 of 2019.”
Development and Challenges of Using Trademark Rights as Intangible Assets in Bankruptcy Assets in Indonesia
Authors: Prananingtyas Paramita
Published: July 2023

Intellectual property rights in the form of trademarks rights are company assets that have economic value. In its development, trademark rights can become part of the debtor’s bankruptcy estate in a bankruptcy. However, in its implementation there are challenges in the use of trademark rights as bankrupt assets in order to pay off the debts of the bankrupt debtor. This study aims to determine the development of the use of trademark rights as bankrupt assets and analyze the challenges of trademarks execution as assets of bankrupt debtors. This research is a normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results showed that a trademark as a type of object, related to the bankruptcy process, is a type of object that can be used as part of assets in the process of paying debts to creditors, because intangible assets that have economic value and trademark rights can be transferred handing over their rights to other parties is part of the bankruptcy estate. The challenges faced in the use of trademark rights as bankrupt assets are related to trademark valuation, protection status and the validity period of trademark protection, as well as related to disputes over trademarks with third parties.
Document Digitization By Notary As Part of Cyber Notary Provision
Authors: Adhi Yuli Prasetyo , Sulistianingsih Dewi , Widanarti Herni , Rahmanda Bagus , Prabowo Muchammad Shidqon
Published: July 2023

The digital era is something that cannot be avoided in Indonesia and even throughout the world. Various Activities change from analog to digital. Digitization activities are carried out by a notary, one of the professionals, who digitize documents for needs, and orders of laws and regulations. This article aims to analyze the urgency of document digitization carried out by Notaries, and its implications for the performance of Notaries in the current era of technological transformation. In addition, this article will also discuss the obstacles and challenges for notaries in digitizing documents. This article is the result of research conducted using the socio-legal method. Socio-legal studies carry out textual studies of articles in legislation and policies that can be critically analyzed and explained their meanings and implications for legal subjects. Several laws and regulations require notaries to digitize, especially document digitization. The process of digitizing documents carried out by a Notary is still in the stage of digitizing printed documents and placing them in a file for uploading needs on the web or certain systems. This process has its obstacles and challenges for Notaries and employees who work at Notaries.
Experience with burdens of diabetes device use that affect uptake and optimal use in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Tanenbaum Molly L , Commissariat Persis V
Published: July 2023

Diabetes technology continues to advance, with more individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) adopting insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems that integrate real-time glucose data with an algorithm to assist with insulin dosing decisions. These technologies are linked with benefits to glycemic outcomes (e.g. increased time in target range), diabetes management behaviors, and quality of life. However, current devices and systems are not without barriers and hassles for the user. The intent of this review is to describe the personal challenges and reactions that users experience when interacting with current diabetes technologies, which can affect their acceptance and motivation to engage with their devices. This review will discuss user experiences and strategies to address three main areas: (i) the emotional burden of utilizing a wearable device; (ii) the perceived and experienced negative social consequences of device use; and (iii) the practical challenges of wearing devices.
Influencia de las cenizas de cascarilla de arroz como reemplazo parcial del cemento utilizado para la elaboración del concreto: una revisión de literatura
Authors: Oblitas-Gastelo Boris Enrique , Medina-Cardozo Ingrid Isabel , Reyes Quintana Ángel Iván , Jacinto-Huamanchumo Claudia Sofía
Published: July 2023

La inclusión de cenizas vegetales dentro de una mezcla de concreto ha ganado una gran aceptación, producto del incremento en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas que ofrece. Ante ello, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo ofrecer una revisión sistemática de literatura sobre la influencia de las cenizas de cascarilla de arroz (CCA) como reemplazo parcial del cemento utilizado para la elaboración del concreto durante los años 2007-2022. En esta revisión de literatura se utilizaron 40 fuentes debidamente seleccionadas con rugosidad académica y científica obtenidas de bases de datos confiables; por lo que se ordenaron según las propiedades intervenidas y sus respectivos resultados, la relación agua/cemento+CCA y el comportamiento del concreto al aumentar el porcentaje de las CCA. En el análisis de la resistencia a la compresión y tracción, se obtuvo que la proporción adecuada de reemplazo es de 15% con una relación agua:cemento+CCA al 0.50, la cual fue añadida de forma molida y sin elementos puzolánicos extra. En torno a la trabajabilidad, la proporción de reemplazo continúa en ese mismo rango (5%-15%), controlando a su vez el descenso del valor del slump con un adecuado uso de aditivos superplastificantes y una correcta granulometría del agregado. En términos generales, la incorporación de las CCA como reemplazo parcial del cemento debe ir acompañada de una buena caracterización y preparación de los especímenes, un correcto diseño de mezcla y procedimientos de ensayos de laboratorio que permitan tener una aceptable confiabilidad y certeza en la interpretación de los resultados.
Pielęgnowanie pacjenta po urazie czaszkowo-mózgowym w oddziale intensywnej terapii
Authors: Auron Tomasz , Krzemińska Sylwia , Borodzicz Adriana , Arendarczyk Marta
Published: July 2023

Streszczenie: Urazy czaszkowo-mózgowe stanowią bezpośrednie zagrożenie życia oraz są bezwzględnym wskazaniem do hospitalizacji. Obrażenia głowy dotyczą w przeważającej części ludzi młodych i są poważnym problemem socjomedycznym. Dlatego w całym procesie leczenia bardzo ważne jest udzielenie pacjentowi natychmiastowej pomocy i – przy udziale wykwalifikowanego zespołu pielęgniarskiego – przygotowanie go do powrotu do aktywnego życia społecznego oraz zawodowego. Celem pracy było przedstawienie głównych problemów pielęgnacyjnych w opiece nad chorym po urazie głowy oraz znaczenia roli i działań pielęgniarza/pielęgniarki, który/a sprawuje opiekę nad pacjentem w warunkach oddziału intensywnej terapii. Zespół pielęgniarski odgrywa bardzo ważną rolę w procesie leczenia, pielęgnowania i rehabilitacji chorych z urazem czaszkowo-mózgowym. W kontekście działań pielęgniarskich bardzo duże znaczenie mają działania związane z przygotowaniem pacjenta do samopielęgnacji i samoopieki.
Surface, physicomechanical, and chemical properties of wood/polypropylene composites from various formulations after accelerated weathering
Authors: Wu Yi-Hung , Chao Wei-Cheng , Yang Tsu-Hsien , Chang Feng-Cheng , Yang Te-Hsin
Published: July 2023

Accelerated weathering experiments were used to examine the durability and changes in various attributes of WPCs manufactured with the same wood powder size but varying polypropylene-to-wood ratios. Results from the accelerated weathering test revealed color changes, and each attribute generally declined with longer weathering times. In terms of mechanical qualities, the preservation of strength and stiffness increased with increasing plastic content. More wood flour led to higher moisture uptake in frequent humidity fluctuations and high temperatures. It also caused swelling as wells as subsequent cracks. Such surface damage could result in faster weathering and worse mechanical qualities. Additionally, the carbonyl index and the functional groups on the surface of WPCs underwent significant changes with increased weathering time.
Lyocell fibre production using NMMO – A simulation-based techno-economic analysis
Authors: Hytönen Eemeli , Sorsamäki Lotta , Kolehmainen Erik , Sturm Michael , Weymarn Niklas von
Published: July 2023

The demand for man-made cellulosic fibres is expected to grow in the future. One commercially-available concept to supply fibres is Lyocell manufacturing from dissolving wood pulps using N-Methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) as the solvent. The literature qualitatively indicates that NMMO recycling efficiency is a key factor for profitable operation. Process design information and parameter data are however poorly available publicly to illustrate the cost factors. Therefore, systematic techno-economic analysis of a 50 kt/year Lyocell plant was conducted using steady-state process simulation and cost modeling. With the simulation models, the underlying technical process design and modelling decisions, and economic assumptions were studied. NMMO makeup need is an important cost item. The simulated makeup need is very dependent on the design of the solvent recovery system and the vapor-liquid equilibrium thermodynamic model selection. On the other hand, water use, fibre washing process design, and washing model parameterization have relatively lower impact on the cost of production. Raw material cost and capital expenses are most critical cost items when the NMMO recycling efficiency is high.
Escape velocity of a body and the delivered velocity required to achieve it in different situations
Authors: Villarroya David Marqués
Published: July 2023

The escape velocity of an object and the necessary supplied velocity to achieve it are calculated in this paper for several situations of the body, such as from rest, in free fall, and in orbit (several orbital cases are studied). This article clearly and concisely shows that escape velocity and supplied velocity are different magnitudes, as these concepts often cause confusion for students. To address this issue, different initial situations of the body that tries to escape are studied to show in the clearest and the most generic possible way the strategies to address escape problems without conceptual errors.
Connecting Coding and Policy: Managing Behavioral Health Problems With General Behavioral Health Integration
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2023

This article addresses general behavioral health integration (GBHI), an approach to incorporating behavioral/psychiatric health care into a medical practice while working in a fee-for-service environment. The following are examined: What GBHI is and how it compares to other care management servicesIndications for and use of GBHI codesDocumentation of GBHI
You Code It! General Behavioral Health Integration Care Management
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2023

This You Code It! scenario includes provision of general behavioral health integration (GBHI) care management. Can you assign the appropriate procedure and diagnosis codes?
You Code It! Answers: General Behavioral Health Integration Care Management
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2023

Did you correctly answer this month’s You Code It! scenario?