bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Natural Convection Non Reversible Single Pass Pressurized and Non Pressurized Solar Hot Water Systems for Domestic Applications
Authors: Misra R. S.
Published: January 2023

This paper mainly deals with the problem of reverse flow and explicit expressions have been presented which shows that the placement of hot water storage tank above the collector helps to eliminates reverse flow and it was observed that if tank is kept very high above the collector then there is always some flow of liquid through the collector especially if the outlet of the collector is connected near the middle of the storage tank. This is due to considerable heat losses resulting poor thermal efficiency of the system. The new design based on single and multi pass systems for domestic hot water systems which completely eliminate reverse flow problems have been forwarded and studies in details.
The single pass systems besides avoiding reverse flow has two distinct features:
(i) Allows the place the main water storage tank at any desirable place (even below the collector)
(ii) Water is obtained at pre-determined temperature irrespective of insolation levels.
The numerical calculations for single pass natural convection pressurized solar hot water systems meander tube fluid flow channel absorber, serpentine tube collectors and for non pressurized thermosyphonic solar hot water systems using parallel tube absorber were performed. The experimental measurements on such modified systems were performed manually by noting thermosyphonic flow rate and temperatures at every half hours time interval. The theoretical results matches well with experimental results. It was found that the non pressurized solar hot water systems using parallel tube absorber have average thermal efficiency of 41 % in the single pass and 27. 3 % in the multi-pass modes. The system efficiency of pressurized solar hot water systems using meander tube absorber are 30 % in single pass mode and 20 % in the multi pass mode due to higher temperature of absorber and higher heat losses from absorber in pressurized solar hot water systems.
Investigating the Process Parameters for optimization on Inconel 600 using wire cut EDM
Authors: Jakhar Balram , Katyal Puneet , Gulati Vishal
Published: January 2023

This study presents the investigation on surface roughness and cutting speed using wire electric discharge machine for nickel based alloy (Inconel 600).Taguchi’s design of experiments methodology has been used for scheduling and designing the experimental array.Taguchi’s L-18 orthogonal array was selected and where in taper angle, peak current, pulse-on time, pulse-off time and dielectric flow rate has been considered as variable input parameters during machining. The result of the study reveals that among machining parameters it is preferably to go for increasing the value of peak current and pulse on time for better cutting speed but it is constrained when better surface finish is required. Larger value of taper angle increases cutting speed up to limited extent. The predicted optimal values for CS and SR are found to be 3.08 mm/min, 1.37 μm for single response optimization respectively. The confirmation experiments are also conducted and the values for CS and SR are found to be 3.06 mm/min and 1.29 μm for single response optimization respectively.
Role of Machine Vision System in Food Quality and Safety Evaluation
Authors: Judal Ashwin , Bhadania A. G.
Published: January 2023

In India the ever-increasing population, losses in handling and processing and the increased expectation of food products of high quality and safety standards, there is a need for the growth of accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continues to grow. Number of mechanized processing lines has been developed for commercial production. But the visual inspection and quality control is done by human eyes. Human inspection is a slow process, has poor repeatability and result varies from person to person. Machine vision system (MVS) is an image processing/analysis technique which is used for objective evaluation of quality parameters. Its speed and accuracy satisfy ever increasing production and quality requirements, hence aiding in the development of totally automated processes. Mass production of food was also associated with two major problems. The first one is the decline in food quality, and the second one is the “waste” problem associated with processing and preparation operations. The wastage in many cases is a direct consequence of the quality problem, where the quality decline reaches unaccepted limits. Hence, is the need for quality inspection and assurance mechanisms to be installed in the production lines of such mass food processing and producing plants.
MVS can perform many functions simultaneously in a food processing line such as segregation by species, by size, by visual quality attributes, determination of composition, volume, measurement of shape parameters, and quantification of the meat colour, automated portioning and detection of defects. MVS system is also being used in food industry for the detection of defects in apples, oranges, olives, cherries etc., sorting of potatoes, online monitoring of baking conditions, measurement of browning in chips. It is also being used for checking ripening stages of banana, tomato, cherries etc. Also it can be used to classify different varieties of cereal grains and check their adulteration. MVS considered as investigative tool to evaluate the functional properties and quality attributes such as shrinkage, texture and colour of cheddar and mozzarella cheese. This paper critically reviews the progress and application of MV technology in the food industry with a special emphasis on meat, poultry, seafood, and other foods. Recent developments in MVS and supporting technologies has resulted in general acceptance of the feasibility and profitability of implementing visual inspecting systems in quality assurance operations.
Distribution free Variable Step Size Normalized Least Means Square Algorithm
Authors: Kosale Deman
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we present a new approach to improve the acoustic echoes occurs in today’s telecommunication system. We show that the new approach reduces the computational complexity; unlike old approaches like a LMS, NLMS and variable step size (VSS) algorithm, converges rate and misadjustment and computational complexity are biggest challenges for us. So new approach is known as DFVSS-NLMS algorithm and suitable candidate for a real world application.
Work Life Balance in India: Sources of Conflict Coping Strategies
Authors: Singh Sneha
Published: January 2023

There has been a growing interest among both academics and practitioners in the issue of work-lifebalance (WLB) across the world. This article discusses different causes and consequences of WLB. It argues that today WLB is not just a concern of certain groups of people but all people. The major causes responsible for WLB are societal, organizational and individual in nature. Societal drivers play an important role in creating variations in WLB. They include factors like Government, family structure, societal values, occupation, career, etc. Organizational drivers regulate the behaviour of people, thus creating structures and choices for WLB. They consist of organizational values, HR policies and WLB practices.
Finally, individual drivers are the major factors of WLB for people. Individual values, needs, work centrality, work holism, gender, and marital status are some of the important individual drivers. Poor WLB is often manifested in a range of physical and psychological strains in an individual. Further, it is conducive to low productivity, quality, employee retention and employee engagement in the organizational context. There are also several negative societal consequences of poor WLB. Finally, the paper suggests various organizational and individual level interventions to strike a balance work and life.
Impact of E-HRM System on Organizational Performance: A Case study on Banking Sector
Authors: Bharti Preeti
Published: January 2023

The employees of banking sector envision that Information Systems will have a major influence on their working style will be highly innovative. Their paperless office will be highly automated for office activities e.g. recruitment, training, performance measurement etc. The objective of this research is to trace the emergence of e-HRM practices in banking sector and to find out the impact of E-HRM System on organizational performance and to offer recommendations and suggestions for enhancing the effectiveness of e-HRM systems. The study is confined to the Delhionly and a sample size of 150 public and private sector Bank employees. The research instruments used were questionnaire. Appropriate Statistical tools including Chi-Square Test, Percentage, wherever applicable have been applied to draw logical conclusions from the data.
Influence of Social Media Marketing in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Agrawal Supriti , Kaur Navjot
Published: January 2023

Social media marketing is entering in every prospective field and results are beyond imagination. Mckensey Co. has predicted Indian pharmaceutical industry will touch 55 billion USD by 2020. Social media is definitely going to change the market dynamics. On 12th Feb. 2014 facebook celebrated its tenth anniversary with $134 billion revenue. Many pharmaceutical giants such as Pfizer, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, GSK etc.(Beth Synder Bulik, 2011) had realized the potential of social media and therefore, a huge chunk of money is involved which is resulting into a wide shared network of consumers (i.e. doctors and patients), hospitals, healthcare portal and pharmaceutical companies. It enables pharmaceutical companies to gain market intelligence, obtaining real time customer feedback, spreading disease awareness and engage in brand promotion. This study is an attempt to understand the implication of social media marketing in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry and also to analyze the reason behind the acceptance of social media marketing in pharmaceutical area. The outcome of the study is that social media marketing had created a synchronized platform for doctors, pharmaceutical companies and patients (consumers) in more meaningful and coherent way. It not only creates the awareness about the disease but connects the patients of similar disease profile.
Financing Mechanisms to Support MSME and Startups: Role of the Capital Market
Authors: Sarkar A. N.
Published: January 2023

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector plays a significant role in the Indian economy. A catalyst for socio-economic transformation of the country, the sector is critical in meeting the national objectives of generating employment, reducing poverty, and discouraging rural-urban migration. These enterprises help to build a thriving entrepreneurial eco-system, in addition to promoting the use of indigenous technologies. The sector has exhibited consistent growth over the last few years, but it has done so in a constrained environment often resulting in inefficient resource utilization. Of the many challenges impeding the growth and development of MSMEs, inadequate access to financial resources is one of the key bottlenecks that make these enterprises vulnerable, particularly in periods of economic downturn. MSME sector is currently opening up in India to support startup initiatives, especially in the manufacturing, infrastructure and IT-enabled Services sector. The Government is fully committed now to extend whole-hearted financial and technical cooperation and support to the entrepreneurs to see through a boom in the Start-up industries; as also to fulfil the ‘Make in India’ Mission of the Government. Among other things, the major objectives of this Mission are to enhance the overall economic growth and create enormous job opportunities in India. The paper attempts to highlight the various financing mechanisms to support MSMEs and Startup initiatives in India and the Asia-Pacific Region with focus on the role of the Capital market.
Food-Borne Diseases and Techniques to Detect Food-Borne Pathogens and Their Limitations
Authors: Bhatt Bhawana , Nagar Gaurav , Nagar Sonali , Tyagi Nisha
Published: January 2023

Food safety is a global health concern. Food is one of the major sources of microbial pathogens in the developing regions. Food borne diseases or infections have increased over a year and ultimately resulted into severe health problems. Different type of food borne infections is detected by different type of microbes or pathogens contaminating the food items. Therefore, it is required to detect the pathogens in foods and recognition of problems associated with health and safety.
Hence, variety of techniques has already been developed to detect food borne pathogens or microbes as it is important in analysing the food samples. The detection of food borne pathogens by conventional methods is time consuming, tedious and laborious whereas rapid methods are time efficient, sensitive and much more specific.
In general, these techniques play a vital role in preventing and treating the food borne diseases. The aim of this comprehensive literature is to give an overview in the field of food borne pathogen detection.
Comprehensive Analysis of Effect of Accumulation of Dust on a Solar Panel
Authors: Bajaj Masoom
Published: January 2023

In the pursuit of a cleaner and sustainable environment, solar photovoltaic (PV) power has been established as the fastest growing alternative energy source in the world. This extremely fast growth is brought about, mainly, by government policies and support mechanisms world-wide. Solar PV technology that was once limited to specialized applications and considered very expensive is becoming more efficient and affordable. Solar PV promises to be a major contributor of the future global energy mix due to its minimal running costs, zero emissions and steadily declining module and inverter costs. Deposition of airborne dust on outdoor photovoltaic (PV) modules may decrease the transmittance of solar cell glazing and cause a significant degradation of solar conversion efficiency of PV modules. Dust deposition is closely related to the tilt angle of solar collector, exposure period, site climate conditions, wind movement and dust properties. In this practical field study, an experimental-based investigation is conducted. Thus, we conducted a study to gauge the effect of dust on the solar panel over a pre-determined period.
Impact on Ground Water Contamination by Storage of Municipal Solid Waste Under Open Sky
Authors: Varshney Anurag
Published: January 2023

The conventional India is facing very big problem of Municipal Solid Waste. It is discharge daily in very heavy quantity and to store or dissolve are the major problem in our country.
Governments doing the efforts but those are very small action against the quantity of Waste discharge. The Waste Management Plant is running low capacity due to daily quantity increase Furness goes slowly down by dumpage of Waste on incinerators.
Dry Waste polluted air environment and wet waste polluted Ground water. Ground water contamination is the biggest problem in those areas where waste is stored in heavy quantity, under open sky without any concrete + rubber platform.
Exergoeconomic Analysis of Two-stage Thermoelectric Cooler with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Sharma Sudhanshu , Dwivedi V. K. , Pandit S. N.
Published: January 2023

In this paper a two stage thermoelectric cooler which has total 50 elements out of which 30 elements are on hotter side and 20 elements are on colder side, analyzed on the basis of the principles of thermoeconomics. Exergy destruction has been used to calculate the second law efficiency. Then the exergy has been coupled with unit cost of exergy to calculate the cost of refrigeration produced. The model has been analyzed for a particular life cycle of thermoelectric cooler (TEC) where the operating conditions change with the variation in cold side and hot side temperatures. Two cases have been considered. In first case the cold side temperature is varied with hot side temperature maintained as constant. In second case hot side temperature is varied with cold side temperature maintained as constant. The analysis shows that on the basis of thermo-economics the first case is favorable but the comparison on the basis of coefficient of performance, rate of refrigeration and second law efficiency show that the second case is favorable.
Soret and Dufour Effects on an Unsteady MHD Flow through Porous Medium with Hall Current
Authors: Faisal Khan Mohammad , Alorainni Abdulaziz , Jha Rajeev
Published: January 2023

Aim of this paper to investigate Soret (thermal-diffusion) and Dufour (diffusion-thermo) effects on unsteady MHD flow through porous medium in the presence of a magnetic field with hall current. The similarity solutions were obtained using suitable transformations and the resulting similarity ordinary differential equations were solved by finite difference method. The influences of different flow parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration fields are investigated. The skin frictions at the plate due to tangential and lateral velocity fields are obtained in non-dimensional form. The effects of the physical parameters like Dufour number (Du) and Soret number (Sr) on these fields are discussed through graphs and results are physically interpreted.
Mathematical Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System for Enhancing Thermal Performance
Authors: Sharma Smita , Mishra R. S.
Published: January 2023

Fuel cell systems are environment friendly. It is a clean energy generator but it has a low efficiency when it is used alone. Gas turbine also has a lower efficiency around 30% when working alone. Hybrid system is the combination of gas turbine and fuel cell to achieve a higher efficiency around 60-70%. The fuel cell generates the major portion of the plant power output and the gas turbine generates a fraction of total power output. The major advantage of fuel cell is that it is not a heat engine so its efficiency can be 100 % as it is not limited by the Carnot efficiency. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) combined with gas turbine (GT) hybrid plants produce 50 times less nitrous oxide than current conventional gas turbine and 75% less carbon dioxide than coal- fired power plants. This type of hybrid system has a wide application such as decentralised electricity supply in houses and buildings, heat and cooling energy. The present paper includes reviews of the work done in the field of SOFC/GT hybrid system, mathematical modelling using Methane as a fuel to the hybrid system is presented and future scope of work is discussed.
Micro-Channel Fabrication Using Electrical Discharge Machining Process and Optimization of Parameters
Authors: Khan Urfi , Jangid Rituraj , Sharma Harsh , Shuaib Mohd
Published: January 2023

In this paper investigation of micro-channels fabrication using electrode sheets in die-sinking electrical discharge machining (EDM) process has been done. The micro-channels were fabricated on AISI D3 die steel using sheets of copper as electrode material. Parametric optimization for process parameters of EDM has been done using Taguchi Method. The control parameters taken were current, pulse-on time, pulse-off time, and voltage. Surface roughness was taken as response parameter.
Dielectric Spectroscopy of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mixture Showing Different Temperature Range
Authors: Kumar Bisanpal Singh , Kushwaha Jitendra K. , . Dharmendra
Published: January 2023

The complex dielectric spectroscopy has been measured as a function of frequency range: 50Hz to 1MHz. at room temperature for a technologically important ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture in the different phases. The significant contribution of conductance effect at lower frequency side in measured data has observed. Contribution of conductance in dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss due to impurity influence the materials. The dielectric parameter as a function of temperature and result showed Debye- type dispersion.
Some Hazardous Effects of Cadmium on Human Health: a Short Review
Authors: Banerjee Shreya , Bhardwaj Nikunaj
Published: January 2023

Heavy metals can be emitted into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic causes. The anthropogenic sources of emission are the various industrial point sources including former and present mining sites, foundries and smelters, combustion by products and traffics. Through rivers and streams metals are transported as either dissolved species in water or an integral part of suspended sediments. Human health is under constant risk of deterioration due to increasing chronic exposure of such metals that adversely affect the quality of life of people. The deterioration of human heath due to exposure to heavy metals has become a major issue of concern worldwide. If one is exposed to cadmium a number of factors will determine whether or not a person will be affected. These factors are age, sex, diet, family; life style and state of health also tend to contribute to determine extent of exposure. The objective of this paper is to review available information on possible toxicities of cadmium on human health.
The Beneficial Suggestions to Improve Page Rank, Website Popularity Importance of Search Engine
Authors: Singh Rajesh
Published: January 2023

In today advanced technical environment millions of Users are using Search Engine to retrieve information. Each and every User who is using Computer using the World Wide Web or called an Internet facility is aware with such phenomena. As we know that Search Engine is a type of Computer Software that browses the Internet in systematic pre defined manner. The Search Engine is designed to find or retrieve the information or data on the World Wide Web.
Use of Renewable Energy in Dairy Industry
Authors: Patel Ruchi , Patel A. D. , Upadhyay J. B.
Published: January 2023

Today India has become number one in milk production, producing 140 million tons per annum with approx. 20% of the total milk production is handled by the organized sectors. Dairy and food industries are fast growing industries and day-by-day newer technologies are being introduced to get better quality of foods. Most of the milk processing operations, room conditioning for milk product packaging and cold stores for milk milk products are operating on grid electric supply. Energy is one of the critical inputs for economic development of any Country. In order to overcome the present energy scenario problems, energy should be conserved and since we are consuming disproportionate amount of energy that day is not far when all our Non-Renewable resources will expire forcing us to rely just on Renewable Sources. To overcome problem the use of renewable energy mainly solar bio energy in the dairy is generally found for hot water supply to boiler, hot water generator for processing of milk or for CIP cleaning. Use of renewable energy has great scope for its commercial use in the dairy processing operations and It is estimated that renewable energy could contribute to at least half of all electric power in each of the large economies by 2050.
Methods for Improving Thermodynamic Energy and Exergy Performance of Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems Using Thirteen Ecofriendly Refrigerants in Primary Circuit and TIO2 Nano Particles Mixed with R718 Used in Secondary Evaporator Circuit for Reduc
Authors: Mishra R. S.
Published: January 2023

The methods for improving energy and exergetic efficiency have been considered in this paper by using water as secondary coolent in evaporator with nano particles ofAl2O3 and TiO2 mixed R718 refrigerant is investigated in this paper. Detailed energy and exergy analysis of multi-evaporators at different temperatures in the vapour compression refrigeration systems have been done in terms of performance parameter for R507a, R125, R134a, R290, R600, R600a, R410a, R407c, R404a and R152a refrigerants. The numerical computations have been carried out for both systems. The use of nano particles improves the energy and exergy performance significantly. The best thermodynamic performance is found using R152a and worst performance is observed using R410a. Due to flammable nature of R290, R600, R600a and R152a , the R134a is recommended for domestic applications. The results were compared by using water in secondary circuit with nano refrigerants and without nano particles used and it was found that use of nano particles improves thermal performances significantly The energy performance improvement in terms of COP and exergetic performance in terms of exergetic efficiency (rational efficiency) using TiO2 is better than using Al2O3 with R718 refrigerant in the secondary evaporator circuit.
Numerical Study of the Effect Internal Holes Shapes in Blade Turbine Cooling
Authors: Dhaiban Hussein Talal
Published: January 2023

As the temperature of combustion gases is higher than the melting temperature of the turbine materials, cooling of turbine parts in a gas turbine engine is necessary. The gap between rotating turbine blades and the stationary shroud provides an unintended flow path for hot gases. Gases that flow through the tip region cause pressure losses in the turbine section and high heat loads to the blade tip. This paper numerically studies the effect of change shapes of internal cooling holes and shows the effect of cooling at the tip of blade. Also measures the effect of pressure effectiveness and temperature distribution at the tip and alone holes channels.
In this study, results of change shapes of internal holes to circle, rectangle and triangle shows the circle shape is better in cooling by 45 ℃ and 125℃ when compared with rectangle and triangle shapes respectively. Streamlines results explain that they are very crowded at suction side and decreases at pressure sides and many of streamlines that passed through the gap and mixed with cooled flow. Results show also the temperature distribution alone the holes passages are reduced along them from shelf to tip and the maximum values at entrance region. Finally, the results show when the internal velocity of holes increases, the static temperature decreases in the blade.
Design of Multi Spindle Drilling Machine
Authors: Bhatia Anmol , Manani Deepa , Grover Anubhav , Kumar Jatin
Published: January 2023

In today’s world, the growth of Indian manufacturing sector is highly dependent on how productivity and quality. Productivity can be increased by improving the efficiency of the operations carried out in the organization. This can be done by reducing the machining time, combining the operations etc. Thus special purpose machines needs to be used and one such machine is multi spindle drilling machine which performs multiple drilling operations more accurately and conveniently. This paper presents the design and development of a multi spindle drilling machine which would have a higher productivity as compared to conventional drilling machines. The proper sequence wise design analysis of the components of multi spindle machine is discussed.
Assembly Line Improvement With in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Yadav Gajotam , Tyagi R. K.
Published: January 2023

In today’s manufacturing industry there is an increased focus to produce the right product at right time and in the automotive sector the pressure on suppliers in order to deliver is high. In this matter the organization has to have clear and reachable goals together with a production system that can meet these goals.The aims of this study was to observe and discover improvements in the assembly line at a company working in automotive Industry. The line assembles the whole electric and switches system of Honda Motorcycles. This case study also includes literature studies in order to support the results found in this Research. This Research includes a rich picture of the current state at the line for understanding how the line operates. Along with this observation and interviews have been made. Observations are supported by quantitative data and analyses to justify the problematic situation in the production line. The current state has been analyzed with the help of the theories used and it revealed a distinct gap between the actual production and desired goals for the organization. The company used a methodology of solving the everyday problematic issues by temporary solutions which led to the reappearance of problems again. The Research ends with a discussion of the methodology used along with the findings obtained. The three research questions are answered along with discussions regarding how we could have done this research in a different manner. The research sums up with a section for reliability of the data collected and what future studies can be conducted in the area.
Minimization of Waste Due to BBD in FMCG Industry
Authors: Goyal Aditya , Shokeen Amit , Agrawal Saurabh
Published: January 2023

Best before date (BBD) is the period of time that a commodity may be stored without becoming unfit for use, consumption, or sale. In other words, it means that a commodity should no longer be on a pantry shelf (unfit for use), or no longer on a megastore shelf (unfit for sale, but not yet unfit for use). Consumers misunderstand what the best before date actually means which lead to wastage of products by them. We model and study the reasons of BBD through Fishbone approach and Pareto analysis. With specific focus on best before date and remaining shelf-life, we develop methods of reduction of waste in FMCGs. RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) has been proposed as an emerging technology that could help reduce wastage in perishable food supply chains.
Performance Improvement and Efficiency Optimization of an Industry through Energy
Authors: Kumar G. Barot Vishal , Patel Sirish K.
Published: January 2023

An Energy Audit is an examination of an energy consuming equipment/system to ensure that energy is being used efficiently. An Energy Audit involves measuring the actual energy used in the plant, comparing it with an estimate of the minimum energy required to undertake the process and establishing technically and economically feasible means to achieve the same. In this paper Energy Audit Of various Utilities like Boiler, chilling system, Pumps, cooling tower has been carried out Also Possible Recommendations has been suggested this will ultimately led the industry into financial saving.
Application of Box Behnken Application of Box Behnken Design in Machining of Turning Samples of MMC Design in Machining of Turning Samples of MMC
Authors: Shukla V. , Maheshwari A.
Published: January 2023

Fabrication of AA6351/Al2O3 metal matrix composites with different percentage of reinforcement by stirs carting method. Microstructure observations of all fabricated samples were done to observe distribution of reinforcement. Investigations of mechanical properties of all sample effect of turning parameters on dimensional deviation of metal matrix composites.
Design and Fabrication of a Ball Projecting Machine
Authors: Singh Abhishek Pratap , Jain Anuj Kumar , Mahajan Prateek
Published: January 2023

To make a ball projecting machine which pitches various kinds of balls either soft, leather, baseball or tennis ball at desired line and length as required. It can throw the ball at predetermined speed with required spin/swing effect. Problem with the existing machines is that they are very expensive and because of very low competition they ask for extremely huge price. The project began from the research phase with the identification of basic components used in the making of bowling machine. A thorough review of the theory and operations involved in a bowling machine were studied. A basic design was plotted and after review final design was made. Fabrication was done which involved operations on lathe, milling, grinding, welding machines etc. First 2 motors were coupled with the wheels, and then it was installed on a cylindrical bar which was installed on a base plate. A drive is used which is connected with the motors. The first worm and worm wheel set is installed on the rotating shaft on top of the base plate. Second similar set is installed at bottom. A power screw is welded at bottom which allows which fits inside a circular disc which carries corresponding threads. Its rotation about those threads would provide vertical lift and fall, also rotation in horizontal plane providing height adjustment and line change respectively. Finally three hollow cylindrical bars are welded at periphery of the circular plate holding power screw to form a tripod stand. The result is an efficient working bowling machine which is relatively much cheap in manufacturing. It could project the ball at various speeds with desired spin/swing effect. It also provides the facility to project various kinds of balls.
Dielectric Properties of Φ (CCTO)-(1-Φ) Silicone Resin Composites with 0-3 Connectivity
Authors: Babu Sanjesh
Published: January 2023

CaCu3Ti4O12 –silicone resin (CCTO-silicone resin) composites with various CCTO volume fractions up to 0.9 were prepared. Relatively high dielectric constant (ε=151) and low loss (tan δ=0.35) of the composites with CCTO volume fraction at 0.9 were observed. Various theoretical models were employed to predict the dielectric constant of these composites, the dielectric constant obtained via Maxwell-Garnett model were in close agreement with the experimental data. Dielectric measurements were performed from 10Hz to 106Hz and 30 to 2000C. Dielectric constant of CCTO-silicone resin composites showed weak temperature dependence at the measuring temperature range. The results show that the CCTO-silicone resin composites prepared in this study could find some practical applications in the electronic industry.
Hand held Dermal Scanner
Authors: Prakash S. Saravana , Abinaya P. , . Lsuganthi
Published: January 2023

Dermatology is a branch of science dealing with the studies of skin, hair, nails etc. Nowadays skin disorders are more severe and many new disorders are emerging rapidly. Many devices are used for diagnostic as well as therapeutic applications. In this paper, we proposed a diagnostic device which is used to capture the images of affected skin surface through raspberry pi controller module with camera and display the image in LCD screen. The SD card is connected with module is used to store images for further analysis. Real time recording of the images can be obtained, viewed and stored for further analysis. The acquired images can be sent to a dermatologist who is far away from the recording site. Hence Tele-dermatology is possible using this proposed device; both online as well as off line diagnosis can be empowered. The device is easily operated which does not require any specific technical skill to operate. Hence frequent self-examination for the patient with chronic skin disorder is possible with low cost. Thereby diagnosis, treatment, examination, continuous self-monitoring of skin conditions are possible using this proposed work.
Design of a High Frequency Stable Oscillator with Tunable Frequency using Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor
Authors: Kapur G.
Published: January 2023

Design of a programmable frequency oscillator design using field programmable, analog, CMOS current conveyor has been presented; further, a design methodology to introduce on-chip /field programmability into the second generation current controlled current conveyor circuit (CCCII) is explained. To make the CCCII CMOS design programmable, a floating-gate transistor synapse is introduced to replace the MOSFETs in the design. The charge at the floating-gate can be programmed after fabrication, based on Hot-e-injection and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling techniques. This programming charge at floating-gate results in threshold voltage variation in such floating-gate (FG) MOSFETs, which in turn can modifies circuit specifications after fabrication. The high frequency small signal analysis of the design has been discussed and specifications of the design are derived in terms of threshold voltages of the respective FG-MOSFETs. To achieve CCCII circuit’s AC and DC characteristics and to obtain programmable oscillations, the programmable CCCII and oscillator circuit using programmable CCCII, are simulated using BSIM3 level49 MOSFET models in T-Spice 0.35μm CMOS process. The simulated results show 13bit programming precision in current gain, 3dB bandwidth, input impedance, output impedance and dc offsets with respect to threshold voltage of respective FG-MOSFETs. Moreover on employing CCCII design with programmable current gain (about 0.91258- 1.2138) in an oscillator design with minimum passive components, variable amplitude oscillations can be generated.
Effect of Coarse Aggregate size on strength of high performance concrete
Authors: Kalra Megha
Published: January 2023

The development of new methodologies for manufacturing high performance concrete has led to massive increase in its usage worldwide. The higher strength development in concrete has increased the construction of skyscraper, bridges and special structures. Apart from higher strength and better performance the usage of this concrete also lends technical and economical viability to the entire project. The main criteria of making high strength concrete are to reduce the water content and increase the cement proportions. This however leads to reduced workability which can be overcome by the use of different mineral admixtures like rice husk ash, silica fume and fly ash apart from chemical admixtures. In our study, an attempt has been made to determine the effect of varying size of aggregate on high strength concrete using silica fume with and without fly ash. The concrete was manufactured using usual ingredients like cement, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, water, and mineral admixture in the form of silica fume and fly ash and super plasticizer. Three sizes of coarse aggregates i.e, 10 mm, 12.5mm and 16mm with two types of fine aggregates with fineness modulus 2.65 and 2.88 were used in concrete. The percentage of silica fume and fly ash that replaced cement by weight was 7.5% and 10% respectively. It was concluded that concrete made from 10 mm coarse aggregate and with fine aggregate of fineness modulus 2.88 with silica fume showed higher compressive strength at 28 day curing.
Study of Temporal Variation in Ambient Air Quality during Diwali Festival in Delhi – A Case Study
Authors: Gupta M. , Sharma A. , Bajaj N. , Mandal A.
Published: January 2023

Fireworks are one of the most unusual sources of pollution potassium nitrate, carbon and sulphur apart from an array of chemicals such as strontium, barium, sodium, titanium, zirconium, magnesium alloys, copper and aluminum powder to create the colorful effects .The boundless in atmosphere containing harmful chemicals such as use of fireworks was found to be related to short-term variation in air quality of Delhi (28.6139°N, 77.2090°E). These variation episodes are responsible for high concentrations of pollutants (especially metals, organic compound and gases). In this paper the ambient concentrations of air pollutants [sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NO2), Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and carbon monoxide (CO)] during Diwali have been compared to the data of a typical day in Delhi , November 2015. The data reveals that there is a shift in meteorological parameters which resulted in easy dispersion of air pollutants due to which the concentration of pollutants was observed to be increased ∼23-fold at few sites. The trend also shows that pollutants concentration increased just before Diwali and reached to a maximum concentration on the day of the festival. These results also indicate that fireworks during the Diwali festival affected the ambient air quality adversely due to emission, dispersion and accumulation of air pollutants.
Conceptual Framework for the Application of Big Data in the Automobile Industry
Authors: Fialoke Shubham , Dharmadhikari Vibhu , Bhati Varun , Gupta Vaibhav
Published: January 2023

The paper sheds light on big data analytics, the science of machine learning viz. data science and how it can be used in today’s automobile industry. Data science is a new field that has emerged out of the coupling of computer science and statistics. The ‘what?’ and ‘how?’ of data sciences are explained thoroughly. After defining what Big Data and Data Science are, the job market of data science is explored. This includes the jobs data scientists undertake and the skills acquired by them viz. machine learning and natural language processing to find patterns in this data and make predictions. Furthermore, the future of big data analytics in manufacturing and production is analyzed, particularly in connected vehicular systems. Today, with the advancement of technology, much media attention has been focused on an area where big data and automobiles intersect: Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication collectively referred to as Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication. This paper focuses primarily on data science in driverless cars and the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) in automobile technology.
Numerical Simulation of NACA 2415 Airfoil at Different Low Reynolds Numbers and Angles of Attack
Authors: Srivastava Aakash , Tiwari Vatsalya , Singh Raj Kumar
Published: January 2023

This project simulates NACA2415 airfoil on ANSYS Workbench and ANSYS FLUENT at low Reynolds numbers at different angles of attack. This is a 2-D simulation andSpalart-Allmaras is the preferred turbulentmodel solver for this process, it yielded more results closer to experimental results when compared against K-epsilon and other turbulent models.Contours of Pressure and Velocity are presented in this paper with their inferences discussed while Plots of Coefficient of Pressure (CP) about the chord lengths along the airfoil and Coefficient of Lift (CL) are plotted to compare the CFD and the experimental results. Effect of Reynolds number and Angle of Attack is thus studied and investigated.
Optimization of Parameters of Friction Stir Welding OG AA-6061
Authors: Gangwar V. , . Vivek , Ahamad S. S. , Ali S.
Published: January 2023

Friction-stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a third body tool to join two faying surfaces. Frictional heat between the welding tool and the work pieces causes the latter to soften without reaching the melting point, allowing the tool to traverse along the weld line. It then mechanically intermixes the two pieces of metal at the place of joint; the softened metal can be joined using mechanical pressure (which is applied by the tool), much like joining clay or dough [1]. In this project, universal horizontal Milling Machine is used to weld the parts together. The parts being welded are made up of similar materials i.e. Aluminum alloy of 6061 grade. The rotational speed is varied from 1200 rpm to 1500 rpm while the welding speed is kept constant at 25 mm/min. The dimensions of the parts are (100mmx50mmx6mm) which are welded to form a butt joint. The effect of different tool pin profiles on the quality of the welded joint is also studied for welding. Different tool pin profiles considered are threaded, taper and cylindrical. The tools are manufactured on a Lathe machine. After the parts are welded, various practical tests are performed on the welded parts that include the tensile strength, microstructure study and the micro-hardness test. The experimental results proved that the highest tensile strength of the welded joint i.e., 81.073 N/mm2 was achieved with the threaded tool profile at speed 900 rpm with feed 25 mm/min and the highest hardness value of 267HV was achieved with the round tool profile at 1500 rpm and feed of 25 mm/min.
International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium Enterprise (IFRS for SMES) and the Statement of Accounting Standards (SAS): A Comparative Study
Authors: Peace Muotolu , . Chikwemma , Ngozi Egungwu , . Ursula
Published: January 2023

Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are the engines that propel the world economy; they are essential sources of jobs, they create entrepreneurial spirit and innovation in the economy and are thus crucial for fostering competitiveness and creativity. The objective of this study therefore, is to ascertain the need for International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium Enterprises (IFRS for SMEs) instead of Statement of Accounting Standards (SAS), to ascertain the extent to which IFRS aids managements in attaining goals and objectives as well as improving its market share and to ascertain the challenges for Non-compliance (causes and penalties) with international financial reporting standard for Small and Medium Enterprises. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test hypothesis, among the findings were; a major factor why IFRS is adopted by Nigeria is because other countries have adopted it, the size of entities to participate in IFRS for SMES varies, adopting a globally accepted financial reporting is relevant to small firms as they operate in a globalized world. This study recommends that the IASB should ensure full implementation/compliance of IFRS for SME by companies that fall under that category, the cost of acquiring IFRS education should also be subsidized for small firms by major accounting regulatory bodies in Nigeria.
Կանաչ տնտեսության զարգացման բնապահպանական և տնտեսական հիմնախնդիրները Հայաստանումը / Environmental and Economic Problems of the Development of Green Economy in Armenia
Authors: AVETISYAN Samvel
Published: January 2023

Every year countries extract more minerals, cultivate more land, cut down more forests, catch more
fish to meet their needs and and with it, thus creating more waste and pollution. Especially in recent
decades, the ruthless exploitation of natural resources and the destruction of centuries-old ecosystems
cause enormous damage to nature.
In order to prevent these harmful phenomena, a number of conventions have been adopted and
new resource-efficient and environmental concepts are being developed. In particular, the concepts of
green economy and circular economy are emphasized.
The paper addresses the essence of the concept of green economy, its principles and the possibilities of its implementation in the Republic of Armenia. Special emphasis is placed on the importance
of introducing renewable energy sources: water, wind, solar and thermal resources, agro-ecological
programs and resource-efficient technologies.