bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İSLÂM MEDENİYETİNİN ORTAYA ÇIKIŞI, TEMEL ÖZELLİKLERİ VE GERİLEMESİYLE İLGİLİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: YILMAZ Yasin
Published: October 2021

Dünya tarihinde çok sayıda medeniyet ortaya çıkmış, bu medeniyetlerden bazıları evrensel nitelik kazanarak tarihte izler bırakmış, bazıları ise yerel kalarak evrensel seviyeye ulaşamamıştır. Çok sayıda tarihçi, siyasetçi ve düşünür, yoğunlaştıkları disiplinler açısından medeniyet kavramının oluşumu, gelişmesi ve yıkılışı üzerinde fikir beyan etmiştir. En genel anlamıyla, maddî ve manevî yönleriyle insanların bir nesilden diğerine aktardıklarının toplamı olan medeniyet, siyasî, sosyal, ekonomik faaliyetler ve kurumlar; yazının icadı, matbaanın icadı gibi buluşlar olabileceği gibi; hoşgörü, güven, sevgi, saygı gibi değerler anlamına da gelebilmektedir. Medeniyetler esnek olduğu için kendilerinden önce yaşayan medeniyetlerden etkilenmişler ve kendilerinden sonraki medeniyetleri de etkilemişlerdir. İslâm medeniyeti de doğduğu coğrafyanın çevresinde bulunan özellikle Bizans ve İran medeniyet tecrübelerinden kurumsallaşma, bilim ve yönetim alanlarında birikimler almıştır. Esnek bir anlayışa sahip olan İslâm medeniyeti, İslâm’ın tevhid ilkesine ters düşmeyen söz konusu medenî ve kültürel birikimleri almış ve kendi bünyesinde ıslah ve ibka ederek daha da ileriye taşımıştır.

Evrensel mahiyette olan İslâm medeniyeti, doğduğu günden bugüne kadar insanı merkeze alarak, onun hak, hukuk ve yaşam hakkı gibi temel ilkelerini ön planda tutmuş, vahye dayanmış, Hz. Muhammed’in dil, ırk, renk ve coğrafya ayırımı yapmadan beşeriyeti mutluluğa ulaştıracak prensipler doğrultusunda insanlığı kucaklamıştır. 7. asırda doğan, 9 ile 17. yüzyıllar arasında dinî, siyasî, sosyal, ekonomik ve düşünce, ilim, edebiyat, sanat, mimarî gibi kültürel alanlarda kendini gösteren İslâm medeniyeti, insanların temel haklarına bağlı kalarak yaşamanın nasıl olması gerektiğini öğretmiştir. İslâm medeniyetinin günümüz Çağdaş Batı medeniyetinden ayrıldığı en önemli hususlarından birisi de, insanlığın büyük kısmının refah, huzur ve mutluluğunu ilke edinmesidir. Hz. Muhammed’in Medine’de ilkelerini belirlediği İslâm medeniyeti, kuvvet yerine hakkı, çarpışarak mücadele yerine yardımlaşmayı ve dayanışmayı, ırkçılık yerine kardeşliği, ruhu öteleme ve kutsalları yok sayma yerine insanı ruhen terakki ettirmeyi tercih etmiştir. Bu medeniyet, kutsallara saygı göstermiş ve Allah’ın yarattığı mükemmel bir varlık olduğu için insanın korunması gereken yönlerini garanti altına almıştır. Diğer yandan İslâm medeniyetinin düşünce ve ilim alanlarında Avrupa’nın aydınlanmasında ve bunun akabinde Çağdaş Batı medeniyetinin oluşumunda büyük katkısı olduğu tarihî bir gerçektir. İslâm medeniyeti, Avrupa’nın Orta Çağı yaşadığı dönemde ortaya koyduğu insanî değerlerle Haçlı Saldırıları, Sicilya ve özellikle de Endülüs yoluyla Batı medeniyetinin muharriki olduğu bilinmektedir.

Bu çalışmamızda İslâm medeniyetinin ortaya çıkışı, tarihi gelişimi ve dinî, siyasî, sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel problemleri ile gerileme sebeplerini ortaya koyarak farklı bir katkı sağlamayı hedefledik.
SOKAKTA ÇALIŞAN/ÇALIŞTIRILAN ÇOCUKLAR ÜZERİNE BİR ALAN ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: ÖZMEN Kenan , DÖNMEZ İsmail
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı sokakta çalışan/çalıştırılan çocukların özellikleri ve sorunlarını çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması tercih edilmiştir. Muş ilinde sokakta çalışan/çalıştırılan 14 çocuk ile araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara demografik bilgileri ve sokakta çalışma/çalıştırılma nedenlerini içeren 12 soru yöneltilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre; sokakta çalışan/çalıştırılan çocukların çok sayıda kardeşe sahip oldukları, ebeveynlerinden sadece babalarının çalıştığı, düşük aile gelirine sahip oldukları; düşük ücretlerle, çok fazla çalıştıkları görülmüştür. Sokakta çalışan/çalıştırılan çocukların sigara kullanımı gibi olumsuz davranışları olduğu, aile içi şiddet gördüğü ve okul başarılarının orta-düşük olarak nitelendirdikleri görülmektedir. Bu nedenle çocukların sokakta çalışma/çalıştırmaya neden olan ekonomik koşulların güçlendirilmesi, ailelere eğitimler verilmesi, bu çocuklara yönelik sosyal politikaların geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SALES VOLUME AND CONSUMER CONFIDENCE INDEX IN THE TURKISH RETAIL INDUSTRY
Authors: TATLI Halim , KOÇ Beşir
Published: October 2021

In this study, the relationship between retail sales volume index and consumer confidence index has been examined. The data is for the period 2010Q1-2015Q4. While retail sales volume index is used as the dependent variable in the analysis, independent variables such as consumer confidence index, real GDP and consumer price indices are used. ADF (Augmented Dickey-Fuller) method was applied to determine the stationary state of the series. In addition, an ARDL test was performed for the short and long term applications of the series. According to the research findings obtained, we can see that consumer confidence index and consumer price index variables affect the retail sales volume index variable positively and significantly in the long run; however, it was determined that the real GDP variable positively but did not significantly affect the retail sales volume.
KLASİK MANTIKTAN BULANIK MANTIĞA YAPAY ZEKÂ SERÜVENİ
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Abdurrazak
Published: October 2021

Yapay zekâ epistemolojik alt yapısını mantıktan almaktadır. Mantık bilimi hem felsefi hem de mühendislik alanda önemli bir yer işgal etmektedir. Makalede son yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren hem mühendislik bilimlerini hem de sosyal bilimleri etkisi altına almış olan yapay zekâ çalışmalarının felsefe ile ortak alanı olan mantık ilminin etki düzeyi ve gelişim evreleri anlatılacaktır. Bununla birlikte yapay zekâ çalışmalarının ard alanında bulunan mantık ilminin klasik dönemi olan Aristoteles mantığının yapay zekâya etkileri ve özellikle 20. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış bulanık mantığın yapay zekâya etki düzeyi ayrıntılı bir şekilde betimleyici olarak işlenmektedir.
Empowerment of Women's Farmer Groups of “Kembang Lestari” in the Processing of Organic Waste from Various Fruit Peels as Liquid Fertilizer
Authors: Andriani A. A. S. P. R. , Astiti Made Ayu Gemuh Rasa , Rukmini Ni Ketut Sri
Published: October 2021

Partners in the implementation of Community Service is the Kembang Lestari Peasant Women's Group located in Taman Village, Abian Semal Subdistrict, Badung Regency.  This group has problems with the high price of chemical fertilizers and vegetable pesticides for the treatment of cultivated crops.  This condition causes an increase in production costs and decreased profits. They have yet to find a solution to get cheaper, environmentally friendly plant-based fertilizers and pesticides that they will use in their organic farms in the future.   Therefore, it is necessary to provide an alternative to organic fertilizers while serving as vegetable pesticides that are easy to make, cheap, and environmentally friendly.  The alternative is an eco-enzyme that can be made from organic waste in the form of fruit peels. Eco-enzymes have the same benefits as liquid fertilizers, compost, anti-bacterial, midges, and disinfectants. Women's Farmer Groups of Kembang Lestari are given knowledge of eco-enzymes and their benefits, how to make and how to apply them to plants.  The methods carried out in the implementation of this activity are by interviewing, face-to-face, counseling, and practice methods directly. First, the authors held general counseling on what an eco-enzyme is, its benefits for plants, and environmental sustainability. Second, the authors provide hands-on training in the manufacture of eco-enzymes and how to implement them and conduct several evaluations to ensure farmers can make eco-enzymes independently and see what percentage of the increased production and increased profits earned by the farmer group after the implementation of these eco-enzymes.   Third, it motivates farmers to keep using eco-enzyme fertilizers continuously in cultivating crops.
Status Perikanan Tangkap di Sungai Sebangau dan Sungai Katingan, Taman Nasional Sebangau Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Nurseptiani Sifa , Kamal Mohammad Mukhlis , Taryono Taryono
Published: October 2021

Sebangau dan Katingan sebagian alirannya menjadi batas terluar dari kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Sebangau (TNS) Kalimantan Tengah. Kedua sungai mendapat pengaruh langsung dari hutan rawa gambut dan menghasilkan karakteristik perairan hitam. Sungai memiliki sumberdaya ikan yang dimanfaatkan melalui kegiatan perikanan tangkap oleh masyarakat sungai, yakni nelayan. Kegiatan penangkapan berlangsung di wilayah induk dan anak sungai sebagai wilayah komunal dan terkontrol. Wilayah penangkapan mempengaruhi kondisi perikanan tangkap, hal ini menjadi permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguraikan pelaku usaha perikanan, identitas penangkapan, hasil tangkapan, dan wilayah penangkapan. Lokasi penelitian bertempat di induk dan anak Sungai Sebangau dan Katingan, berlangsung dari bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data primer yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, data sekunder melalui studi dokumen dari berbagi sumber. Tahapan analisis data terdiri atas tiga tahap yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang dapat adalah usaha perikanan tangkap dilakukan oleh nelayan dengan alat tangkap tradisional. Nelayan memiliki hasil tangkapan berupa ikan konsumsi air tawar yang terdiri dari delapan jenis famili ikan per sungai. Nelayan melakukan penangkapan di bagian induk dan anak sungai. Wilayah penangkapan terdiri atas dua wilayah, yakni wilayah komunal menempati induk Sungai Sebangau dan seluruh wilayah Sungai Katingan dan wilayah terkontrol berlokasi di anak Sungai Sebangau. Wilayah komunal bersifat terbuka sedangkan wilayah terkontrol bersifat tertutup, hal ini mempengaruhi kondisi perikanan yang berlangsung di setiap wilayah.
Knowing the Clouds through the Land: Perceptions of Changes in Climate through Agricultural Practices in Two Nahua Indigenous Communities
Authors: Martínez-Herrera Gonzalo , Trejo Irma , Moreno-Calles Ana I. , de Alba-Navarro María Fernanda , Martínez-Ballesté Andrea
Published: October 2021

Changes in climate are important for agriculture and the livelihoods it sustains. To improve the understanding of how climate vulnerability is expressed in agricultural environments, it is necessary to address how people perceive and interact with their surroundings. This study analyzes farmers' perceptions of a set of climate change indicators and their influence on agricultural practices in two Indigenous communities located at different altitudes in Mexico. Farmers' observations were explored using semi-structured interviews and contextualized within the local instrumental climate record. The influence of these farmers' perceptions on their agricultural practices was further analyzed using a logistic regression model. Changes in rain intensity and seasonality, as well as in wind intensity, were mentioned most frequently. Farmers' experiences suggest a reduction in rain and wind intensity and shorter rainy seasons. Memories of past anomalous years coincide with precipitation anomalies found in the instrumental records. However, temperature changes and biotic indicators were seldom perceived. Our results show that the perception of these indicators is mediated by agricultural practices, and we found evidence indicating that these perceptions during the first stage of the seasonal calendar induce readjustments in sowing dates. Moreover, farmers resort to out-migration, integration of cash crops, and use of commercial fertilizers to cope with or reduce crop loss due to climate impacts.
“A Returntoandofthe Land”: Indigenous Knowledge and Climate Change Initiatives across the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Cameron Laura , Mauro Ian , Settee Kevin
Published: October 2021

While research on Indigenous knowledges on climate change is increasing, especially in the Arctic, few studies document Indigenous perspectives on climate change in the Canadian Prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). This paper addresses this gap and follows an Indigenous community-based research approach using semi-structured interviews and participatory video to explore how Indigenous peoples in the Prairies are experiencing and responding to climate change. Ten video interviews were conducted with members of eight communities across the Indigenous territories of Treaties 1, 4, 6, 7, and 8. An integrated video editing and qualitative content analysis approach was conducted and eight short videos were produced. Results show that participants across diverse territories have experienced changes in their environments—attributed to the cumulative impacts of industrial development, climate change, and other influences of colonialism—which have significant impacts on cultural well-being. Communities are also pursuing solutions—such as land-based education, renewable energy, grassroots activism, cross-cultural dialogues, and ecological restoration—which serve to address these socio-ecological challenges. Across these solutions, six common themes emerged: Indigenous leadership; capacity and self-sufficiency; sustainable economic development; sharing Indigenous knowledge; connecting with the land; and bridging Indigenous knowledge and Western science. While it is increasingly recognized as critical to heed Indigenous voices on climate change, this paper makes a significant contribution to understanding the diversity and parallels in the ways in which Indigenous communities are being impacted by and responding to climate change in the Prairie provinces, as well as collaborative and creative methods for sharing these perspectives across cultures and geographies.
Acinetobacter baumannii Quorum sensing: A way to communicate and a target to eradicate
Authors: Elkheloui Raja  , Hamadi Fatima  , Mimouni Rachida
Published: October 2021

Quorum sensing is a communication system based on the actions of chemical signal molecules depending on the density of the cell population. These molecules are widely considered as effectors of the gene expression of several virulence factors. As a result, it has attracted a lot of attention because of its possible applicability as a target for treating infections. This review attempts to give a description of this system on gram negative bacteria specifically on Acinetobacter baumannii as an important nosocomial pathogen. Additionally, quorum sensing in biofilm will be also treated because it is considered as the origin of several chronic infections. Numerous studies have been carried out to prove the role of inhibitors in the disruption of quorum sensing, known as quorum quenching. Quorum quenching is a new strategy to eradicate bacterial infections due to the crucial intervention of quorum sensing in different virulence factors and particularly in the biofilm formation.
A survey of COVID-19 linked experience, knowledge, attitude, and behaviours among orthodontists and orthodontic residents in Nigeria
Authors: Tolulase Abosede Yemitan  , Omolara Yeside Odunsi  , Oyeyemi Oyebola Oyewo  , Kikelomo Oluwabukola Adegbite  , Aderinsola Sophia Omotuyole  , Babatunde Ogunbiyi Ogunbanjo
Published: October 2021

Background: Orthodontic practitioners have a high exposure risk to cross infection with COVID-19 due to proximity with the patients and frequent exposure to body fluids during procedures. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 related experiences, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among orthodontists and orthodontic residents in Nigeria, and to identify factors related with their self-perceived and actual level of COVID-19 related knowledge. Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to a sample of orthodontists and orthodontic residents in Nigeria to survey demographic characteristics, personal experiences, knowledge, attitude and behaviours related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collected were analysed using descriptive analysis, chi-square test and regression analysis. Results: A total of 29 (54.7%) respondents were specialist orthodontists while 24(45.3%) were orthodontic residents. Most orthodontists (96.6%) and orthodontic residents (95.8%) had completed COVID-19-related training programs and the Internet (98.1%) was their primary source of knowledge. The mean self-perceived knowledge score was 4.44 ± 0.55 while their total knowledge score was 4.15 ± 0.60. Attitudes towards the use of PPE (P = 0.001) and compliance with the use of pre-procedural mouth rinse with 1% Hydrogen Peroxide or 0.2% povidone Iodine (P = 0.034) was significantly different among the respondents based on their professional status. Conclusions: COVID-19-related training programs as well as provision of essential personal protective equipment are essential for the improvement of knowledge, confidence, and preparedness of orthodontic professionals.
GERMEN ORMAN İNANÇLARININ ALMAN MİLLÎ KİMLİĞİNE YANSIMALARI
Authors: KAYA Murat
Published: October 2021

İnsan yaşadığı coğrafyaya benzer. Coğrafya insanın yaşamını, düşüncelerini ve inançlarını şekillendirir. Germenler de yaşadıkları coğrafyadan etkilenmiştir. Ormanlarla kaplı bu coğrafya, onların yaşamını, düşüncelerini ve inançlarını şekillendirmiştir. Coğrafya, Germenleri bir taraftan savaşçı ve özgürlükçü karaktere büründürürken diğer taraftan onların inançlarını ormanlarla ilişkilendirmiştir. Romalılarla mücadelelerinde ormanlar, Germenlerin manevî güç aldıkları ve kendilerini korudukları bir sığınak olmuştur. Germenlerin soyundan gelen Almanlar da atalarının bu özelliklerini devam ettirmiştir. Onlar da Roma’nın mirasçılarıyla olan mücadelelerinde atalarının orman inançlarına başvurmuş ve ormanlardan ilham alarak millî kimliğini oluşturmuştur. Arminius ile başlayan süreç, Martin Luther ile devam etmiş, 19. ve 20. yüzyılda zirve noktasına ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada Germen orman inançlarının Almanların millî kimliğine yansımaları kronolojik bir sıra takip edilerek incelenmiştir. Çalışma üç bölüme ayrılmıştır. Birinci bölümde Germen dini hakkındaki kaynaklar, ikinci bölümde Germen dini, üçüncü bölümde ise orman inançlarının Alman millî kimliğine yansımaları ifade edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak orman inançlarının zafer ve özgürlük bağlamında Alman millî kimliğine yansıdığı düşüncesine ulaşılmıştır.
ANALISIS PENYUSUNAN DAN PELAKSANAAN ANGGARAN DI KANTOR SATUAN POLISI PAMONG PRAJA PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Oktavia Hanna , Muttaqin Galih Fajar , Yunia Dabella
Published: October 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penyusunan anggaran dan efisiensi pelaksanaan anggaran di kantor Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Banten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyusunan anggaran di kantor Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Banten secara keseluruhan sudah sesuai dengan Permendagri Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tetapi tidak dijelaskan secara rinci tentang tahap penyusunan rencana kerja di Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah. Tahap penyusunan anggaran yang sesuai, yaitu kepala daerah menyusun rancangan Kebijakan Umum Anggaran APBN dan rancangan Prioritas dan Plafon Anggaran Kemudian rancangan Kebijakan Umum Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah dan rancangan Prioritas dan Plafon Anggaran disampaikan oleh kepala daerah kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah menyusun Rencana Kerja dan Anggaran-Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah, Rencana Kerja dan Anggaran-Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah yang telah disusun Satuan Kerja Perangkat daerah disampaikan kepada Pejabat Pembuat Komitmen Daerah, Kepala Daerah menyampaikan rancangan peraturan daerah kemudian menetapkan peraturan daerah tentang Anggara Pendapatan dan Belanja Daera, Pejabat Pembuat Kebijakan Daerah mengumumkan kepada kepala Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah agar menyusun Dokumen Pelaksanaan Anggaran-Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah, Pejabat Pembuat Kebijakan Daerah mengesahkan rancangan Dokumen Pelaksanaan Anggaran-Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah. Keseluruhan tahap tersebut telah dilaksakan oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Banten sudah sesuai dengan peraturan Permendagri Nomor 21 Tahun 2011. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, pelaksanaan anggaran di Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Banten Tahun Anggaran 2019 dan 2020 kurang efisien.Kata kunci: analisis penyusunan, pelaksanaan anggaran, efisien
Clinical Review and Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders with Epithelial Dysplasia
Authors:   Mustansiriyah University, Iraq, Abdulhussain Mustafa Mohammed , Muhsin Ali Sami
Published: October 2021

Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) comprise any disorders, tumors, in addition to any microscopic alterations that have a risk of malignant development of cancers of the mouth. When epithelial dysplasia is detected in an oral lesion, it is termed as a precancerous lesion. Finding: Several changes in the color or thickness of normal oral mucosa might be detected during the clinical diagnosis of the oral lesions. Leukoplakia of the oral cavity is a clinical name for one of the most predominant OPMDs of the oral mucosa. When comparing oral examination with naked eyes to planning to apply staining with special stain or using an image of optical fluorescence, the incidence of patients with oral epithelial dysplasia may rise, as well as the clearing of the lesion boundary. Increased size of more than 2cm2, the presence of colored regions with a red hue, the presence of lichenoid process characteristics, and severe epithelial dysplasia are all considered risk factors. One-third of premalignant lesions may progress to cancer, whereas the other two-thirds may stay stable or regress without progressing to malignancy. Conclusion: It is critical to research the patients' unique characteristics, which include psychological, genetic, dietary, and dental problems. When epithelial dysplasia is present in an oral lesion, it is termed a precancerous lesion. Oral potential malignant diseases with epithelial dysplasia may or may not develop into carcinoma and may or may not be recurrent.
CONSUMER PREFERENCES ON NEW CHILLI VARIETIES OF BENGKULU UNIVERSITY
Authors: Arianti Nyayu Neti , Ganefianti Dwi Wahyuni , Sutrawati Mimi
Published: October 2021

This research was conducted to 1) Analyze the perception of consumers on the attributes of chili, and 2) Know which chili products are selected by consumers based on shape,  size and which are most wanted to buy. Forty consumer respondents were taken by accidental sampling technique.  Consumers are asked to assess 10 types of the UNIB chili varieties, both monoculture and combination polyculture between varieties. The results showed that the majority of respondents stated that the size and shape attributes were important as the basis for the decision to buy chili, while the attributes of uniform size and shape are considered normal.  The variety of chili which consumers like because of their size, shape and desire to be purchased were UNIB C H13. While for this type of combination, the combination of UNIB C H13 and UNIB C H53 is desired to be purchased by consumers. This type of combination should be cultivated by farmers because it is resistant to pests, high productivity and preferred by consumers.
MEASUREMENT OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF UPLAND RICE FARMING IN DIFFERENT LAND OWNERSHIP STATUS IN MAUSAMBI VILLAGE, MAUROLE SUB-DISTRICT, ENDE REGENCY
Authors: Lanamana Willybrordus
Published: October 2021

This research is to: (1) analyze the level of economic efficiency of upland rice farming in different land ownership status and (2) analyze the factors that influence the economic efficiency of upland rice farming in different land ownership status. The data analysis method used was the production function approach and stochastic frontier cost function. The analysis results show that seed and fertilizer price variables have a significant impact on the 99% significance level and are positive. Labor wage has no significant impact on production costs and is negative. Production variable has a significant impact on the 99% significance level. Landowner and farmhand dummy variables have a 99% significant level and are positive. It can be interpreted that the production costs in both the landowner and farmhand land ownership status are higher than in the pawn taker land ownership status. The average level of economic efficiency of the landowner is higher than the farmhand and pawn taker ownership status. Factors that influence the economic efficiency of upland rice farming include: age, duration of farming, frequency of obtaining information, membership of farmer groups, other sources of income, landowner dummy and farmhand dummy.
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI KARTU TANI (STUDI KASUSDESA KADIREJO, KECAMATAN PABELAN, KABUPATEN SEMARANG)
Authors: Fahmi Devi Nurul , Maria Maria
Published: October 2021

Pupuk merupakan komponen terpenting dalam pertanian. Namun penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi terdapat permasalahan kelangkaan pupuk, harga yang tinggi dan penggunaan pupuk tidak sesuai anjuran sehingga pupuk bersubsidi tidak tepat sasaran. Kartu Tani, yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan pendistribusian secara merata, pengawasan serta pengendalian pupuk bersubsidi kepada petani yang berhak mendapatkan. Tetapi belum petani semua mengaplikasikan kartu tani dengan berbagai argumen kendala yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variabel usia, pendidikan, pengalaman bertani, luas lahan, lingkungan pertanian (jarak rumah petani dengan pengecer pupuk) dan kedudukan dalam kelompok tani terkait dengan persepsi petani dalam implementasi kartu tani. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada empat kelompok tani di dusun Bungas, Wonolelo, Daleman dan Ngablak, Desa Kadirejo, Kecamatan Pabelan, Kabupaten Semarang. Sampel terdiri dari 70 responden dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat persepsi dilihat dari program memiliki kategori tinggi, tetapi untuk pemanfaatan dan kemudahan dalam kategori sedang. Terdapat  hubungan yang signifikan antara usia, pendidikan, pengalaman bertani dan luas lahan dengan persepsi petani. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara lingkungan pertanian dan kedudukan petani dalam kelompok tani.
SMARTPHONE ADOPTION ON FRUIT MARKETING COMMUNICATION: A TRADERS PERCEPTION
Authors: Akhmadi Heri , Fauzan Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Telepon pintar atau smartphone merupakan salah satu perangkat teknologi informasi yang saat ini banyak digunakan oleh pedagang dalam kegiatan pemasaran. Selain sebagai media komunikasi, smartphone juga digunakan oleh pedagang untuk mendapatkan informasi pasar dan mengomunikasikan produk dan jasanya ke konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil dan persepsi pedagang buah dalam menggunakan smartphone sebagai media komunikasi pemasaran buah-buahan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif menggunakan lima poin skala Likert untuk menganalisis persepsi pedagang buah di Kota Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pedagang menggunakan smartphone dalam kegiatan pemasaran buah-buahan karena dipersepsikan dapat memberikan keuntungan relatif dengan tingkat kemudahan penggunaan yang tinggi, bermanfaat secara nyata dengan resiko dan kompleksitas penggunaan yang rendah. Lain dari pada itu, Samsung, Telkomsel dan WhatsApp merupakan merk smartphone, provider telekomunikasi dan aplikasi yang paling banyak dipilih pedagang.
APPLYING THE COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS FOR HORTICULTURAL COMMODITY PROSPECT IN PALEMBANG PERI-URBAN AREA, INDONESIA: CALIFORNIA PAPAYA (Caricia Papaya L.) CASES
Authors: Adriani Dessy , Alamsyah Idham
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keunggulan kompetitif, keunggulan komparatif, dandampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap prospek komoditas hortikultura Pepaya California di kawasan kota. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Talang Jambe Kecamatan Sukarami Kota Palembang pada bulan Maret 2017. Lokasi penelitian dipilih dengan pertmbangan bahwa Desa Talang Jambe merupakan sentra penghasil Pepaya California di Palembang. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian bahwa prospek komoditas hortikultura Pepaya California di kawasan pinggiran kota memiliki keunggulan kompetitif dari Privat Provitability dan PCR. Komoditas hortikultura Pepaya California juga memiliki keunggulan komparatif provitabilitas social dan DRC. Dampak kebijakan pemerintah juga menguntungkan bagi produsen dan konsumen Pepaya California, Adanya intervensi pemerintah terhadap output usahatani lebih menguntungakn konsumen karena konsumen membeli dengan harga lebih rendah dari harga sebenarnya. Dengan kata lain, terjadi perpindahan surplus dari produsen ke konsumen dan penerimaan petani terhadap penuruan output terjadi karena adanya ntervensi kebijakan pemerntah. Dengan kata lain hal ini mengindikasikan adanya kebijakan pemerintah yang menyebabkan private price lebih rendah dari pada social price. Komoditas hortikultura Pepaya California di daerah pinggiran kota hanya menerima 63% dari harga yang seharusnya diterima.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA USAHA UMKM KOPI: SEBUAH TINJAUAN TEORITIS DAN EMPIRIS
Authors: Suryana Anggita Tresliyana , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Published: October 2021

Coffee MSMEs in Indonesia is growing with an increase in domestic coffee consumption in Indonesia. However, coffee MSME also experiences various business development problems due to entrepreneurial competencies. Further studies are needed to understand what competencies affect coffee MSME performance, so that they can develop entrepreneurial development strategies more precisely. The result of this study provides finding indicated an effect of entrepreneurial competence on the business performance of coffee MSMEs in Indonesia. In general, the variables that influence coffee UMKM entrepreneurial competencies are conceptual abilities, skills and individual characteristics. To develop the business performance of Indonesian coffee MSMEs, strategy need to be carried out is to increase the capability of coffee MSME entrepreneurs in both technical and management fields.
Assuring the Optimum Security Level for Network, Physical and Cloud Infrastructure
Authors: Atieh Ali T.
Published: October 2021

A robust and secure IT infrastructure ensures reliable security, high speeds and connectivity,employee support and accessibility, and a positive user experience for clients. It is hard to managea modern firm without a secure and adaptable IT infrastructure. Technology, when properly setup and networked, can improve back-office processes, increase efficiency, and simplifycommunication. This research explores how an organization assure the optimum level ofinfrastructure security in in three domains: network infrastructure security, physical infrastructuresecurity, and cloud infrastructure security. Running a network infrastructure model comes with avariety of difficulties. The findings suggest that there are few recommendations for assuring rightsecurity level for the network infrastructure, including: conducting a network security assessment,keeping user access privileges to a bare minimum for work, updating programs, investigatingcybersecurity tools and Increasing cyber-awareness. Physical infrastructure security is also crucial.We divided he dangers are divided into the following categories and suggested for appropriatedmeasure: threats by environment, threats by technical infrastructure, threats by humans,inappropriate humidity and temperature, Electrification, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI),Unauthorized physical access. Cloud security is necessitated by the widespread adoption of cloudtechnology, as well as an ever-increasing volume and sophistication of cyber attacks. To ensurethe right level of cloud security, this research recommend to take some measures, including: Transitand Rest Protection, Asset Security. Securing User Management, Integration of compliance andsecurity, Authentication and Identity, and Operational Safety and Security While no amount ofsecurity will ever stop all attacks, organizations can significantly minimize risk of suffering a breachand the fallout from such attacks by taking a few critical steps to secure business’ network, physicaland cloud infrastructure.
统一场与电磁场基本概念与定律的高精度高稳定性实验再验证
Authors: YANG Zheng-Ling
Published: October 2021

在物理学的基础研究中，统一场始终没有令人满意地完成。有没有这样一种可能性：现有的经典电磁理论、现有的万有引力定律等，并不是“真正的客观物理规律”，而仅仅是一些良好的近似公式？此外，大约150多年前那些导致麦克斯韦方程的经典电磁学实验，会不会精度不够，以至于存在一定的误差？鉴于以上，呼吁采用高精度、高稳定性的现代物理实验，再验证那些150多年前的经典电磁学实验。
PENCEGAHAN DAN PENGENDALIAN INFEKSI TERKAIT PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI RS MITRA MEDIKA BONDOWOSO
Authors: AGUSTIN FRISKA
Published: October 2021

Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi di salah satu Rumah Sakit yang bisa saja terjadi kapan saja,dimana saja dan kepada siapa saja. bisa karena faktor pasien itu sendiri atau faktor dari petugas yang menyembabkan terjadinya infeksi pasca melakukan operasi.
Writing from Within the Body as a Research Process
Authors: Kang Hyo Yoon
Published: October 2021

Legal academic writing seldom reflects on its choice of research topic and writing style. The published text rarely incorporates thoughts about the choice of genre or format, and their fit with the research question itself. This chapter observes its own pre-writing process rather than making an argument or a claim as most academic writings do. An injury made me discard my initial plan for the chapter, and the notion of the ‘body’, which the editors had assigned me as the object of a hypothetical interdisciplinary study, became the material subject of the writing process itself. Experiencing bodily constraints changed my reading practice and necessitated different media and writing strategies. The resulting text is a personal record of reading and thinking in a particular period of time.
A cheese sandwich never tasted better : 13 years in the life of Aaron Swartz (1999-2013)
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: October 2021

13 years in the life of Aaron Swartz (1999-2013)
Analysis of the Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator using Machine Learning by Considering Split Gap as a Prime Factor
Authors: D Thippesha , R Pramodh B
Published: October 2021

The Hexagonal split-ring resonators (HSRR) are one of the prime elements of metamaterial and patch antenna design in the millimetre-wave range. Even though it's widely used there is no particular mathematic model is available for it. This analysis presents the mathematical nature of the relation between split widths, resonance frequencies; reflection (s11) and mutual coupling (s12) by identifying tend of the data with the aid of machine learning algorithms. The predicted relation will help to design efficient metamaterial, antennas and related appliances.
Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Perkembangan Anak Diusia Dini
Authors: Purniawati Dwi
Published: October 2021

Dalam perkembangan anak,orangtua memiliki pola asuh tersendiri dalam mendidik anak.Perkembangan berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan dalam meraih cita-cita dan Kesehatan anak,sehingga orangtua akan berusaha sekuat tenaga untuk mencapainya.Hal tersebut berlaku pula terhadap anak.Termasuk memberi perhatian dan tanggung jawab,serta pemenuhan terhadap kebutuhan anak,baik fisik maupun nonfisik, kasih sayang dan perlindungan terhadap anaknya.Pola asuh yang dimaksud dapat direfleksikan dalam bentuk perlakuan fisik maupun psikis terhadap anak.Hal ini tercermin dari tutur kata,sikap,dan perilaku.Pola asuh orang tua dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut:Pola asuh demokratis orang tua terhadap anaknya ditandai dengan ikut terlibatnya orang tua dalam membagi waktu belajar dan bermain anak tanpa harus memaksa pada anak,menegur dan menanyakan sebab sebabnya bila anak tidak belajar,selalu memperhatikan kebutuhan sekolah anak,meluangkan waktu untuk berdiskusi dengan anak,melatih anak untuk bertanggung jawab saat melakukan kesalahan.Pola asuh otorier yang dilakukan oleh orang tua ditandai dengan ketatnya orang tua dalam membagi waktu belajar dan bermain anak,memarahi anak dan mencaci maki bila anak tidak belajar,tidak terlalu memperhatikan kebutuhan sekolah anak,jarang meluangkan waktu untuk berdiskusi dengan anak,tidak melatih anak untuk bertanggungjawab atas kesalahannya.Pola asuh permisif yang dilakukan oleh orang tua ditandai dengan membiasakan anak membagi waktu belajar,tidak menegur saat anak tidak belajar.membiarkan anak sekalipun melakukan kesalahan.
Paper Marketplace analysis for e-commerce
Authors: Ramadhana Reggi
Published: October 2021

Mauzano pada tahun 2016 menjelaskan bahwa market orientation merupakan strategi bisnis dalam memenuhi beberapa tuntutan berupa semua fungsi dalam bisnis dan mampu menyerap semua informasi penting yang mempengaruhi purchasing, interfunctional dan pengambilan keputusan divisi. Pada tahun 2009, Best mengatakan bahwa untuk mencapai market orientation yang kuat, sebuah bisnis perlu mengadopsi filosofi market-based management. Naver dan Slater pada jurnal Setiawan pada tahun 2012 mengatakan bahwa market orientation sebagai budaya organisasi yang paling efektif dalam menciptakan value superior bagi pembeli.
HUBUNGAN KONTRAKTUAL ANYARA PESERTA DENGAN BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN SOSIAL (BPJS) KESEHATAN
Authors: Fitrianingtias Ayu Ika
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah hukum kontraktual Peserta BPJS dan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan menurut sistem perundangan Indonesia dan bagaimanakah hubungan kontraktual dan akibat hukum dari klausul kontrak antara peserta dengan badan penyelenggara jaminan sosial (BPJS) kesehatan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, maka dapat disimpulkan: 1. Kontrak antara peserta BPJS Kesehatan dengan BPJS adalah kontrak keperdataan yang melibatkan pihak penyedia jasa kesehatan (rumah sakit), Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial dan masyarakat/ konsep kontraktual di sini adalah hubungan mengikat antara satu dengan yang lain dalam hal pelayanan kesehatan. 2. Hubungan hukum antara badan penyelenggara dan fasilitas kesehatan adalah hubungan hukum keperdataan yaitu hukum perjanjian. Dengan demikian, maka hubungan hukum yang terjadi antara BPJS dengan peserta adalah hubungan kontrak yang harus diselesaikan sesuai dengan isi kontrak. Sedangkan hubungan antara fasilitas kesehatan dengan peserta dalam hal ini disebut sebagai pasien merupakan hubungan antara konsumen jasa pelayanan kesehatan dengan rumah sakit. Fasilitas kesehatan meliputi rumah sakit, dokter praktek, klinik, laboratorium, apotek dan fasilitas kesehatan lainnya. Adapun akibat hukum yang dapat ditimbulkan dari hubungan peserta dengan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial adalah hubungan dalam bidang kontrak yang jika sah maka memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sah, sedangkan jika tidak sah maka kontrak tersebut batal demi hukum karena tidak memenuhi persyaratan dalam berkontrak. Oleh karena itu, maka sanksi hukum dapat dijatuhkna bagi salah satu pihak yang melakukan kontrak dengan cara yang tidak sesuai dengan undang-undang.
Bahaya mengonsumsi alkohol
Authors: PURNAMA TERESIA A
Published: October 2021

Minuman beralkohol adalah minuman yang mengandung etanol. Etanol (CH3CH2OH) adalah bahan psikoaktif dan konsumsinya menyebabkan penurunan kesadaranMengonsumsi alkohol secara berlebihan dapat memicu munculnya gangguan pada jantung, seperti gangguan irama jantung, peningkatan tekanan darah, melemahnya otot jantung,hingga meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit jantung.
PERAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Anggraeni Melsya Afifah
Published: October 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 sudah menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang sangat berbahaya yang saat ini sedang kita hadapi, adanya pandemi Covid-19 membuat kita sebagai masyarakat yang sebelumnya dapat melakukan pekerjaan, bahkan komunikasi secara langsung dapat terhambat dan juga tidak diperbolehkan melakukan segala kegiatan secara langsung. Selain itu, dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19, banyak generasi muda yang tidak mengindahkan bahkan tidak mengetahui bahwasannya terdapat peranan penting Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Generasi muda zaman sekarang lebih tertarik dengan kehidupan yang jauh dari amalan nilai Kewarganegaraan. Terlebih lagi dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19 ini, yang justru tambah membuat generasi muda buta akan adanya peranan penting Kewarganegaraan bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Munculnya permasalahan ini membutuhkan perhatian yang serius. Salah satu kontribusi hal yang kita lakukan demi meminimalisir permasalahan ini adalah dengan mengajarkan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan. Data yang disajikan berasal dari kajian pustaka dan penelusuran literatur dari berbagai sumber yang relevan. Adapun metode yang dilakukan, adalah dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan temuan kajian pustaka dan penelusuran literatur menunjukkan bahwa di era globalisasi saat ini bahkan pandemi Covid-19, banyak masyarakat, generasi muda yang tidak mengindahkan bahkan mengetahui peranan penting Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara.
越南的人文和社会科学三部主要著作
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: October 2021

Three major social science works from ISR Vietnam (Chinese language version)
Kewajiban Negara Terhadap Pemberian Jaminan kesehatan Untuk Masyarakat
Authors: MAFTUKH MUHAMMAD
Published: October 2021

Kewajiban merupakan sesuatu yang wajib dilaksanakan. Jika tidak dilakukan maka akan mendapatkan hukuman. Program jamkesmas adalah setiap orang miskin dan tidak mampu yang selanjutnya disebut dengan peserta JAMKESMAS, yang terdaftar dan memiliki kartu dan berhak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan dari pemerintah. Sasaran jamkesmas disetiap kabupaten/kota belum dianggap sah apabila Bupati/walikota belum menetapkan peserta jamkesmas Kabupaten/Kota dalam satuan jiwa berisi nomor, nama dan alamat peserta dengan bentuk keputusan Bupati/Walikota
PERILAKU MANUSIA TERHADAP PERLAWANAN DAN MENGATASI PANDEMI VIRUS COVID 19
Authors: DWIPURRA PAMBUDI HARDIKA
Published: October 2021

Negara Indonesia sedang menghadapi Virus Covid 19 yang bisa dianggap sebagai pandemi atau wabah, perilaku rakyat Indonesia dalam menghadapi pandemi ini sangat memprihatinkan. Jadi virus ini sangat cepat menyebar di Indonesia dan membekukakan beberapa sektor ekonomi seperti pariwisata, industri, dan properti. Dengan ini kita membutuhkan strategi pemerintah untuk menghadapi pandemi ini dan tentunya masyarakat juga taat dengan himbauan pemerintah. Diharapkan perilaku manusia dengan protokol kesehatan yang dilakukan dengan taat semoga ekonomi bisa bertumbuh lagi dan pandemi ini bisa bebas dari virus covid 19 ini.
Halal tourism in social science discipline: A literature review
Authors: Rahmat Al Fauzi
Published: October 2021

Halal tourism is a new segment in tourism studies that have received attention and has now proliferated. Past studies have not been so deep in treading global scientific literature on halal tourism studies on tracking its evolution and trends among scientific journal which focuses on social science discipline. Therefore, this article is based on a systematic literature review analysis of halal tourism in social science discipline as an effort to improve our understanding of previous halal tourism studies. Data were obtained from the academic database Scopus, 31 articles were obtained about halal tourism in social science discipline, and the data period was collected from the beginning to the end of 2020. The data is illustrated using two applications, namely NVIVO and VOSViewer, as the primary tools for analyze qualitative data, which selected; (VOSViewer; Keyword Co-occurrence Network Maps and Trend (KCNM/T)), (NVIVO; Hierarchy Chart (HC), word frequencies (WF), and Explore Diagram Analysis (EDA)). The results showed that, from 31 journals, Stephenson (2014) has the most influence with high cited, besides, Tourism Management as a journal name that identified many articles published there, and Routledge as a publisher with a high total journal on Halal Tourism, and Indonesia as a country that high mention time. Specifically, various approaches and distributions based on methodology, objectives, and geography were the research's focus. Recent trends and the dominant frequency of words from the study of halal tourism have shown several scholars' high interest. In the halal tourism studies on social sciences discipline, previous scholars have carried out many different research segments, namely, tourism issues, product issues, destination issues, travel issues, service issues, and market issues. Future research is also considered in this article
HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM MENDAPATKAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Laurent Nadia Asmoro
Published: October 2021

HAM adalah hak yang melekat pada manusia karena kelahirannya sebagai manusia. Hak-hak tersebut diperoleh bukan pemberian orang lain ataupun negara, tetapi karena kelahirannya sebagai manusia. Dalam konteks religius hak-hak ini merupakan karunia Tuhan, dan hanya Tuhanlah yang berhak mencabutnya. hak dasar pertama adalah hak hidup yang membawa konsekuensi adanya hak-hak lain seperi hak mendapatkan kehidupan dan pekerjaan yang layak, hak berkeluarga dan melanjutkan keturunan, hak mendapatkan kewarganegaraan dan hak mengeluarkan pendapat, berserikat dan berkumpul. Pada perkembangan selanjutnya, derajat kemanusiaan juga ditentukan oleh tingkat pendidikan dan kesehatannya, sehingga pendidikan dan kesehatan pun kemudian menjadi hak asasi manusia dengan segala perangkat hak lain untuk mendapatkan pendidikan dan kesehatan.kesehatan sebagai hak asasi manusia dan sebagai kondisi yang diperlukan untuk terpenuhinya hak-hak lain telah diakui secara internasioal. Hak atas kesehatan meliputi hak untuk mendapatkan kehidupan dan pekerjaan yang sehat, hak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan, dan perhatian khusus terhadap kesehatan ibu dan anak.
MOTIVASI BELAJAR DI SMA NEGERI 2 BURU
Authors: Susiati Susiati
Published: October 2021

This research is motivated by the phenomenon that all parents want their children's education to be good, so they pay attention and optimize for his child's education. The existence of this need then humansare encouraged to fulfill it. This impulse is called motivation. In this case, of course the role of motivation is very important. How teachers make efforts to be able to grow and give motivation so students do goodlearning activities. The purpose of this study is (1) To find out whether there is an influence of learning motivation on student achievement in SMA 2 BURU. (2) To find out how much influence the motivation of learning on student achievement in SMA 2 BURU. This research uses a quantitative approach with adescriptive type. The population is at BURU 2 Senior High School, totaling 220 students. using purposive random sampling technique. The sample was 79 students. Research methods using questionnaire anddocumentation. All instruments have met the requirements as a measurement requirement, because they have tested so that it meets the validity test requirements using product correlation and reliability using Cronbach alpha, and has passed the test precondition. Data analysis using T-test and a large percentageof the influence using the coefficient of determination Adjuster R Square. The results showed that (1) there was a significant effect of Learning Motivation on Learning Achievement evidenced from the value ofTcount> Ttable namely 3.731> 1.9915 and Sig <0.05, namely 0.000 <0.05 (with a level of 5%). (2) The magnitude of the influence of the Adjusted R square determination coefficient of 35.9% so that the effect oflearning motivation (X), on learning achievement (Y) is weak positive means that if the variable X rises then the variable Y does not rise weakly or together all variables will rise significantly and the remaining65.1% is explained by other variables outside the variables used.KEYWORD. Motivation Sma Buru