bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHP Microgrid Optimized Operation Based on Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Li Rui , Li Peng
Published: July 2014

CHP system with Energy saving, environmental protection, economic and other characteristics,have good prospects for the development and application value.This paper directe a micro grid system consisted by photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, fuel cells, microturbines, auxiliary boilers, thermal energy storage systems and batteries and heat load and electrical load.Considering various distributed power generation costs, environmental costs and micro-grid equipment maintenance costs,To meet the constraints of micro-grid operation, optimization of the different micro-grid distributed power and energy storage system power output, make the system's total operating costs are minimized.This paper analyzes the economic and environmental of micro-grid optimal operation characteristics, given a model of CHP micro-grid.For the cost of power generation and emissions of different weights, using bacterial foraging optimization(BFO) algorithm,through a numerical example verified the Correctness and effectiveness of mathematical model and optimization algorithm .
Power Supply Efficiency Analysis and Techno-Economic Evaluation of IGCC Projects
Authors: Xie Chuan Sheng , Zhao Chen Chen , Zhong Peng Yuan , Zhou Cheng Ying
Published: July 2014

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is an efficient, low-pollution clean coal power generation technology and efficient use of IGCC technology is helpful to realize clean conversion and comprehensive utilization of coal resources in China. This paper analyzed the factors that influence the power supply efficiency of IGCC power plants, determined assessment model for power supply efficiency of IGCC power plants. Then based on IGCC power plant construction specific data including power supply efficiency, combining the general technical and economic evaluation of the project, the technical and economic evaluation step of IGCC plant was determined. The economic evaluation of IGCC power plant was carried out as well as sensitivity analysis in terms of static total investment, utilization hours and standard coal tax price. The results showed that introduced IGCC of 40 megawatt had higher tariff and utilization hours had maximum impact on tariff.
Study on Relationships between High-Frequency High-Voltage Pulse Breakdown Voltage of Air-Gaps and Pulse Delay Time
Authors: Li Li Li , Wang Yu Long , Yang Hong Da
Published: July 2014

In the paper, power frequency and high-frequency high-voltage pulse breakdown voltage of air-gaps were measured by circuits of spark gap switches respectively, and then output waveforms were obtained by sampling circuits, finally a large number of data in experiments were recorded and were drawn into curves. It can be seen from curves: firstly, relationships between pulse breakdown voltage of air-gaps and pulse delay time or between pulse breakdown voltage of air-gaps and pulse coefficient are discussed when electrodes and distances between electrodes are different, secondly, relationships between pulse breakdown voltage and air-gap distances are analyzed under 100kHz pulse voltage when electrodes are spherical electrodes.
Power System Probabilistic Production Simulation Including Efficiency Power Plant
Authors: Xie Chuan Sheng , Zhong Peng Yuan , Zhao Chen Chen , Zhou Cheng Ying
Published: July 2014

As a measure of demand-side management, efficiency power plant (EPP) can save energy and bring economic and environmental benefits to the power system, although the widely used EPP technology may have negative effect on both power system stability and operation costs. The concept of EPP and its related characteristics such as capacity, output curve, and cost were introduced, and a probabilistic production simulation model based on the equivalent energy function (EEF) method was established to analysis the impact and benefits of EPP. With a numerical example, a result is found that EPP can not only improve the reliability and load rate of power system, thus reducing the social costs of power outage, but also reduce the total production and operating costs of power system.
Research on Armored Mechanized Forces’ Equipment Support Simulation Training System
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ying , Lu Kun , Wang Huai Jun , Ma Hai Hui
Published: July 2014

Armored mechanized forces’ equipment support simulation training system is the use of HLA technology combines emulator, computer generated forces and other devices as a whole which form a virtual battlefield environment in time and space coupling by network. This paper simulation training, introduces the construction of project, establishes the System architecture, and designs the idea which is used in distributed equipment support simulation training system based on the concepts、methods and principles of HLA.
Detection Performance Analysis of Space-Based Radar to near Space Hypersonic Target
Authors: Xiao Song , Tan Xian Si , Wang Hong , Zuo Zhi Fang
Published: July 2014

Aimed at the problem that it is hard to detect near space hypersonic target for conventional radar because of its high flight speed, flight height, and flight distance and so on, the detection performance of space-based radar to near space hypersonic target was analyzed. The characteristics of near space hypersonic target and the advantages of space-based radar was introducted, and then, the detection performances of space-based radar to near space hypersonic target from detection range, searching and tracking mode were studied. It has certain guiding significance for space-based radar development and perfection of near space detection system.
The Dual Sine Signal Generator Design Based on the Principle of Difference Frequency Filtering
Authors: Zhang Chao Zhu , Zhu Yue , Han Ji Nan
Published: July 2014

The paper attempts to realize the processing scheme of low cost dual sine wave generator. It used single-chip microcomputer and CPLD(Complex Programable Logic Device) as the control core. It maked use of CPLD and discrete component simulations to implement DDS principle. It utilized the filter circuit, integrated op-amp circuit and multiplier circuit instead of DAC chip. The range of frequency, amplitude and phase difference are 1Hz~1000Hz, 1V~3V and 0o~359o, respectively. The results show that a 2-channel sine signal generator can be designed with adjustable frequency, amplitude and phase difference.
Conceptual Model of Information Naval Gun Weapon System Using Weapon System Engineering Method
Authors: Sun Xu Wen , Tian Feng , Liang De Qing , Shan Hong Yan , Zhang Xin Jie
Published: July 2014

Lining along systematic method, aiming at systematic, whole, accuracy description and definition of the conceptual system, following the steps of synthesis—analysis—synthesis, this article establishes the conception model of information naval gun weapon system. First, the task objectives is analyzed, and the task profile is determined, then, based on decomposing of function, the structure of information naval gun weapon system is analyzed, finally, the conception of the system is gained, which builds foundation for further demonstrating of information naval gun weapon system.
Energy Efficiency Analysis of Piston Type Air Compressor
Authors: Zheng Su Lu , Mao Yun Yan , Wang Xiang Ping , Zheng Zhi Yun , He Shen Xi , Huang Zeng Yang , Wang Dong Dong
Published: July 2014

In the paper,the relationship of the energy efficiency and its impact factor such as intake valve lift ,exhaust valve lift, clearance volume and rotational speed has been researched and the optimal conditions of the air compressor running was found . By adjusting the parameters of intake valve lift, exhaust valve lift, clearance volume and rotational speed, the total energy of a W-1.6/5 compressor could be reduced by 10.9%.
The Optical Design of Achromatic Phase Matching System Based on ZEMAX
Authors: Zhang Liu Yang , Liu Yu Jiang , Huang Jin Zhe
Published: July 2014

The system of achromatic phase matching (APM) based on grating pairs is designed by the commercial optical design software ZEMAX. Firstly, we theoretically calculate the theoretical incident angular where each frequency components exactly reaches the phase-matching in nonlinear crystals. Subsequently, the model of APM system is built and optimized in ZEMAX. The results are well in accordance with the theoretical ones. In addition, the effects of grating frequency and aberration produced by the focus lens on APM scheme are analyzed.
Mechanical Design of End Support in Coal Mine
Authors: Zhou Hua Wen
Published: July 2014

End support on coal face is an important equipment of improving the work efficiency and the safety of coal mine production. Based on the work environment and the requirements for end support, the research analyzed the mechanical design of end support, such as its structure and composition. Moreover, several features which need to be paid attention to in the design of end support were proposed as well.
Digital Henon Sequences Generation and its Analysis
Authors: Song Bing Bing , Pan Jing , Ding Qun
Published: July 2014

In this paper, the typical two-dimensional Henon map is studied. Firstly, the model of Henon map is proposed based on DSP Builder platform in Simulink library, so it can generate digital output sequence of Henon map. Then, its statistical properties are analyzed for such output sequences, including balance test, run test and autocorrelation test. Finally, the numerical results show that such digital Henon sequences have good pseudo-randomness.
Fluorescence from the Compound System of PVK Molecules and SiO2 Nanoparticles with Different Sizes
Authors: An Li Min , Duan Yan Fang , Liu Hong , Yi Jie , Liu Chun Xia , Li Xiao Guang , He Li Zhi , Zhou Ling Song , Wang Pu Yu , An Wen Yu
Published: July 2014

SiO2nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized in ethanol solution and mixed with polyvinyl carbazole (PVK). The sizes of SiO2NPs are 40nm and 60nm. PVK/SiO2NPs compound systems with different sizes and with different ratios of mass fraction are obtained. Photoluminescence spectra are employed to research the optical properties of PVK molecules and PVK/SiO2NPs compound system. In compound system, the process of interface energy transfer between PVK and SiO2NPs are observed. The mainly energy transfer form is nonradiative resonance transfer.
Pre-Mixed Abrasive Water Jet Cutting in the Marble
Authors: Xia Ji Sheng , Jia Qing Zhu , Sun Zhen Zhen
Published: July 2014

High-pressure abrasive water jet cutting is a cold and non-traditional method, with many advantage which the traditional processing do not have.The traditional method of cutting marble have rough sections, poor dimensional accuracy, large seam, high tool cost and the processing efficiency is low. Can be considered high-pressure abrasive water jet cutting to improve its traditional cutting defects. This article explores the use of the pre-mixed abrasive water jet cutting in the marble, and its comparison with traditional methods, highlighting the advantages which the pre-mixed abrasive water jet cutting in the marble.
The Dynamic Characteristics of Al Gate CuPc Thin Film Transistor
Authors: Wang Ze Ying , Wang Dong Xing , Zhang Yong Shuang , Wang Yue Yue , Yin Jing Hua , Zhao Hong
Published: July 2014

We have fabricated Au/CuPc/Al/CuPc/Au organic thin film transistor (OTFTs) using vacuum deposition with CuPc thin films of stable chemical property and semi conductive Al gate thin film electrode. The static and dynamic characteristics were tested at room temperature. The test results show that the switching speed of the OTFT is ton=2.68ms, toff= 1.32ms, amplification bandwidth is 400Hz, and the cutoff frequency fc=400Hz when inputting 100Hz small square wave signal. Our OTFT has submicron conductive channel, shows operation characteristics of high frequency, high speed and high current density. Good static and dynamic characteristics of OTFT can be obtained by controlling appropriate Al gate film thickness and CuPc film thickness.
The Analysis of Photocurrent Multiplication in Organic Dye CuPc Transistor with Wide Wavelength Light
Authors: Wang Yue Yue , Wang Dong Xing , Zhang Yong Shuang , Wang Ze Ying
Published: July 2014

The organic photoelectric transistors using the vacuum evaporation and sputtering process are prepared in this paper. The Cu/CuPc/Al/CuPc/ITO layer based on vertical structure is grown through a CuPc active layer. The CuPc has excellent photosensitivity and it is easy to be fabricated into Short-Channel device with vertical structure. It is shown that I-V characteristics of organic photoelectric transistors are unsaturated. In this experiment the light source is the Bromine-tungsten lamp in the range of 300nm to 800nm. When the light source irradiates the device with Vec=2V, the operating current is 0.155μA which has been increased to 2.3-3.6 times as compared with the dark state. Therefore, the amplification coefficient of output current Iecis increasing in irradiation with smaller base voltage. As a result, the current amplification coefficient β is 5.25 and 2.14 with illumination and without illumination respectively.
The Research of Trap Level Distribution of PI/AlN (Treated)-MMT Films with Different Contents Based on Decay Charge Theory
Authors: Liu Yuan Yuan , Yin Jing Hua , Lei Yao
Published: July 2014

Through the theoretical deviation based on charge decay theory a trap level distribution function relative to the isothermal discharge current is given in this paper. Based on that, the effect of AlN(treated)-MMT nanoparticles with different contents of 1wt%, 3wt%, 5wt% on surface trap level distribution is researched. The experimental results show that the trap level density is significantly increased compared with traditional IDC and TSC methods. Trap level density and the number of trap charges increase due to the doping AlN (treated)-MMT nanoparticles, and increase with doping contents. The maximum trap energy level density of AlN(treated)-MMT film with 5wt% is 9.14×1024/(eV·m3), which is 3.3 times compared with the PI film corresponding to the trap level in the range of 1.0~1.1eV. The trap level density is affected by the interface trap effect caused by the AlN(treated)-MMT nanoparticles and different contents.
Particle Filter Approach for IGBT Remaining Useful Life
Authors: Li Min , Zhu Jiong Jiong , Long Bin
Published: July 2014

With the increasingly widespread application, the requirement for PHM of IGBT is becoming gradually urgent. Based on particle filter theory, a method for remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of IGBT is proposed. Firstly, the deterioration parameters on-state VCE and ICE are extracted by temperature cycling test, then a model is developed based on the degradation trend exhibited by deterioration parameters. In the end, PF approach is applied to the IGBT's RUL prediction with the mentioned model. The results show that the proposed prediction method can achieve high prediction accuracy.
Solute Field in Liquid Ahead of the Solid-Liquid Interface during Dendritic Solidification Incorporating Relaxation Effect
Authors: Jin Xiang Zhong , Wang Hong Yang , Wang Ning , Lan Xiao Guang , Li Shu
Published: July 2014

Through solving an extended Fick’s diffusion equation for the solidification front of a paraboloid of revolution, a generalized Ivantsov function is obtained. The relaxation effect of nonequilibrium liquid diffusion is taken into account. The solute profile in the interfacial region and in the bulk liquid during steady-state dendritic solidification is uniquely determined. It is concluded that the consideration of the relaxation effect and the diffuse interface of finite thickness which decreases with increasing of velocities are necessary for achieving the good model predictions.
Study on Preparation and Refining Efficiency of Al-5Ti-1C Master Alloy Refiner
Authors: Kang Fu Wei , Xiong Yu , Bai Xin , Zhang Dong Dong , Liu Peng , Yang Tian Long , Feng Yi Cheng
Published: July 2014

Al-5Ti-1C master alloy refiner was prepared by melt reaction method, and its refining efficiency was examined by purity aluminum in the paper. The microstructures under different process conditions were studied by OM, SEM and XRD. The results shown that the grains were finer, TiAl3 and TiC phases were uniformly distributed at 900¡æ, held time for 15min. The refining efficiency was best at addition of 0.4% (wt.%) refiner and held time for 10min.
Effect of Charge Transferring Materials on Photoluminescence Properties of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots
Authors: Chen Xuan Lin , Qu Yu Qiu , Li Gui Fan , Wei Hong , Zhang Liu Yang , An Li Min
Published: July 2014

The CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized and characterized with absorption spectrometry, photoluminescence (PL) spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. PL quenching of colloidal CdSe/ZnS QDs in the presence of charge transferring material was studied by means of steady-state and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. With increasing charge transferring materials concentration in the CdSe/ZnS QDs solution, the PL intensity and lifetime of CdSe/ZnS QDs decrease gradually. The quenching efficiency of CdSe/ZnS QDs decrease with increasing the oxidation potential of charge transferring materials. Based on the analysis, there are two pathways in the PL quenching process: static quenching and dynamic quenching. The dynamic quenching is correlated with hole transfer from QDs to the charge transferring materials.
Effect of PVP Hydrophilic Additive on the Morphology and Properties of PVDF Porous Membranes
Authors: Guo Yun Wei , Cui Wei Wei , Xu Wen Hua , Jiang Yang , Liu Hui Hui , Xu Jia Yu , Gao Zhan Qiang , Liu Li Zhu
Published: July 2014

This work describes the preparation and the properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) porous membranes. The porous membrane was prepared using phase-inversion method by adding hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as hole-agent. The contrastive analysis of membrane characterizations between the membrane no PVP added and the membrane added PVP were carried out by optical microscopy analysis, scanning electron microscopy, porosity, pure water flux and water contact angle. The results showed that adding PVP can induce the building of pore structure, increase the surface roughness and hydrophilicity of PVDF membrane, and then enhance its pure water flux.
Fast Solidification and Electrical Conductivity of Apatite-Type Nanoceramics
Authors: Li Qin , Dong Li Min
Published: July 2014

Apatite oxides electrolytes La9.33(SiO4)6O2was prepared following the Sol-Gel aqueous route. The structure of La9.33(SiO4)6O2was evaluated using the X-ray diffraction patterns (PXRD). The main phase is La9.33Si6O26with the Minor impurity phase of La2SiO5as a secondary phase. And dense La9.33(SiO4)6O2nanoceramics with grain size of smaller than 100 nm were fabricated by high-pressure sintering, the pressure of 4.5 GPa, the sintering temperature of 1200oC and dwelling time of 10 min were used. The ionic conductivity of the samples is evaluated by AC impedance spectroscopy. The conductivity of dense La9.33(SiO4)6O2nanoceramics by high-pressure densification is one multiple higher compared with that of the microcrystalline ceramics. The activation energy in the samples by high-pressure densification and conventional sintering method was 1.06 eV and 1.44 eV, respectively.
The Stress Distribution and Influence of VDMOS Device Based on ANSYS
Authors: Yin Jing Hua , Gao Shu Ting , Chen Ming Hua
Published: July 2014

In this paper, the device of VDMOS packaged in a TO-220C power is acted as research object. ANSYS finite element software simulation is used to build the three dimension model, the software is also used to imitate the stress distribution under the frequency of 220Hz ~ 400Hz. The simulation result shows that the stress of the chip of corresponding to the empty space is bigger than the others as the increasing frequency on the boundary of bonding layer and the chip, which easily leads to micro deformation of the bonding layer and the micro crack of the chip. The value of stress effects by changing the bonding layer material and layer thickness, the simulation results show that the bigger heat conductivity coefficient and the thinner thickness of bonding layer is the smaller stress, Which the design of the bonding layer can be optimized. The results of the study provide the theoretical basis for the structural design of the device, founding the weakness of structure design, having guiding significance for improving the reliability of the device.
A Novel Strategy of Area Cost Estimation for Custom Instruction Based on FPGA Architecture
Authors: Liu Hai Ming , Wu Qiang
Published: July 2014

Area cost estimation model is important for accurate measurement of area on reconfigurable processor. However, in the process of CI (Custom Instruction), traditional model can’t accurately estimate area cost of CI candidates. In the paper, we propose a novel strategy of area cost estimation. According to island-style FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) structure, the strategy firstly enumerated all BCs (Basic Cells) from data-path of CI candidates. Then checked all the validity of BCs enumerated, and selected the unique BC set to overlap original data-paths. We lastly used the effective estimation model based on BC to accurately measure area cost of candidates. Experimental results show that novel strategy can accurately estimate area cost of CI candidates, which is very close to actual result from a HLS (High Level Synthesis) tool, and deviation is less than 6%.
Experimental Investigation of Emulsifying Viscosity Reduction of a New Viscosity Breaker
Authors: Wang Feng , Ai Chi , Yuan Dan Dan , Liang Shuang , Qu Guang Miao
Published: July 2014

In this paper, alkyl polyglucoside (APG) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO3) were prepared to obtain a new type of soluble viscosity reducer which can change the rheological behavior of the crude oil and reduce its viscosity using method of emulsification viscosity reduction. The typical sample of heavy oil produced in Jilin oilfield was analyzed to figure out the key factors of influencing the viscosity of this heavy oil and the static evaluation experiments were carried out to investigate the reducing performance of the viscosity breaker. The viscosity breaker can lower the interfacial tension between oil and water to some extent, and the stability of emulsion between the oil and water is relatively good, in addition, it can provide high viscosity reduction rate and detergent factor of oil to produce a good viscosity reduction performance.
Order Batching Picking Based on Activity Based Classification Storage
Authors: Guo Lin , Yang Xiao Jun
Published: July 2014

Warehouse shelves were quantified and partitioned based on activity based classification storage. In the warehouse, order batching method based on activity based classification storage was adept to batch orders. After finished batching, goods mainly concentrated on A, B and C area. Traversal strategy, return strategy, midpoint strategy and largest gap strategy was compared with each other according to the orders belong to different areas. Mid-point strategy and traversal strategy would make picking easy and efficient on the basis of order bathing result.
Affective Identification Motivation Mechanism of Sino-Japanese Bi-Cultural Teleworking Teams
Authors: He Bin , Li Si Ying , Zheng Hong , Ma Chang Zhi , Tang Xing
Published: July 2014

Under the background of economic globalization and cross-cultural management, this paper proposes hypothesis and model of affective identification motivation mechanism in Sino-Japanese bi-cultural teleworking (BCT) teams, based on ample resources of literature and system rational analysis thinking. This paper firstly studies the working process of Sino-Japanese BCT teams by management experimental methods. And then the experiment data and proposed hypothesis are analyzed and verified statically. Finally, a conclusion is obtained that in Sino-Japanese BCT teams, team's affective support, work attitude identification, cultural affective identification can enhance team identification, moderated by team members’ perception level.
PIC Based Implementation of ZV ZCS Interleaved Boost Converter
Authors: Bharathi M.L. , Kirubakaran D.
Published: July 2014

This paper deals with simulation and implementation of interleaved boost converter. The low voltage DC is boosted to high voltage DC using an interleaved boost converter .The ripple in the output is reduced by using ILBC and Pi filter .This work proposes‘Pi’ filter at the output to reduce the ripple.ILBC with ‘C’ filter and ‘Pi’ filter is simulated and the results are presented with R load . The simulation results are compared with the experimental results.
State Space Averaged Modeling and Power Loss Computations for Fuel Cell Powered Four-Phase Interleaved Boost Converter
Authors: Tamilarasi M. , Seyezhai R.
Published: July 2014

This paper investigates the state space averaging of a four-phase Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC) powered by fuel cells. The state space averaging technique is a method to model the converter as time independent which is defined by a set of differential equations which will be useful for designing the controllers [18]. In this paper, mathematical models developed using state space averaging technique are presented for the proposed IBC. The power loss calculations are also computed. Simulation of IBC with fuel cell as the source is carried out in MATLAB and the results are presented and discussed.
Minimizing Material Processing Time and Idle Time of a Critical Machine in a Flow Shop
Authors: R Pugazhenthi , Xavior M. Anthony
Published: July 2014

In this research article aims to develop a heuristic for minimizing the total material processing time and idle time of the critical machine in a flow shop. This heuristic is proposed through the Exponential Distribution (ED) factor which helps in developing a mathematical model with less computational instance. When the idle time of the critical machine is reduced then it is indirectly affects the total material processing time of the flow shop, which makes the objective of critical machine utilization as vital. And a set of constrain had been established to position the critical machines in the flow shop. For several instance, computational experiments had done using the benchmark problems, among other heuristics ED heuristic yields a better result.
A Novel Magneto-Fluorescent Biosensor for the Detection of Pathogens in Food
Authors: Manonmani V. , Vimala Juliet A. , Ponnidevi J. , Arumugam P.
Published: July 2014

Food safety has emerged as an important global issue. Illness from the pathogenic bacteria is a significant health concern. Pathogens are potentially harmful and it contaminate food and causes foodborne illness . It is very important for early detection of food borne pathogens. Conventional methods of detecting these pathogens eventhough sensitive, but still it is time consuming,complex and laborious. Biosensors have great potential for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in food. Biosensors are developed to rapidly detect the pathogens. In this paper, we use nanosized magnetite nanoparticles coated with chitosan, a polymer to capture and identify bacteria from contaminated food sample and eliminates the purpose of specific antibody coating. Amine group with magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) specifically binds with the bacterial cell wall, on their surface of most pathogenic bacteria present in food. Rhodamine as a dye/marker which emits fluorescence in exposure to light used to detect the bacterial concentration in terms of light or fluorescent intensity and analog voltage using Magneto-Fluorescent biosensor. The developed biosensor could be able to detect bacteria in the limit of 10 CFU/ml and the time taken for measurement of a sample using biosensor would be less than 5 minutes.Hence the developed biosensor are non-specific and highly sensitive.
Relative Analysis of GaAs, InSb, InP Using QWFET
Authors: Subash T.D. , Gnanasekaran T. , Jagannathan J. , Divya C.
Published: July 2014

Indium Antimonide (InSb) has the greater electron mobility and saturation velocity of any semiconductor. Also InSb detectors are sensitive between 1–5 μm wavelengths and it belongs to III-V [13] component. In this paper we compare the InSb with some other major components like Indium Phosphide (InP) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) which are also from same III-V group. The analysis was made using the simulation tool TCAD and using the properties and band structure of those materials we compare InSb with InP and GaAs. The results we proposed shows that InSb is best for ultra high speed and very low power applications.
Mapping Based Energy Efficient Counter Design on FPGA
Authors: Kumar Tanesh , Pandey Bishwajeet , Islam S.M. Mohaiminul , Singh Narpath , Alam S. Mahbubul , Das Teerath
Published: July 2014

— In this work, 8-bit counter power optimized counter is designed with help of energy efficient techniques called mapping and simulation activity file in format of Value Change Dump (VCD) file and setting file (*.xpa) to define toggle rate, activity rate and enable rate for the power consumption estimation in order to get energy efficient design. With mapping, there is 33.33%, 34.61%, 36.5%, 36.49%, 36.86%, 36.9% dynamic power reduction in counter when device is operating on 10MHz, 100MHz, 1GHz, 10GHz, 100GHz and 1 THz frequency. This reduction achieved by mapping control signal to control port in place of mapping control signal to LUT (Look Up Table) input. In Resource utilization, when we are mapping the control signal to control port, there is 70.58% less number of LUT and 39.89% less number of IO usage than mapping the control signal to LUT inputs. Spartan-3 FPGA is taken as target device and Xilinx 14.1 ISE is taken as design, synthesis and implementation tools. Verilog HDL(Hardware Description Language) is used to synthesize the counter on FPGA. The power dissipation of the FPGA based energy efficient design is verified using Xilinx XPower tool.
Review on Heat Transfer Enhancement of Nanofluids - Engine Coolant
Authors: Manikandan S. , Jancirani J.
Published: July 2014

Heat transfer fluids are indispensable in heat transfer and exchange equipment. They determine the ability of the system to dissipate thermal energy. However, they are limited by their low convective heat transfer rates. Nanofluids are suspensions of nanomaterial and most of them are elements with a high thermal conductivity suspended (immersed) in conventional fluids. This enhances the heat transfer rates while also changing the property of the fluid and is a new opportunity for thermal sciences provided by the advances in nanoscience. The nanofluids are expected to be the next generation of heat transfer fluids because of their unique thermal properties and enhanced heat transfer rate in comparison to conventional cooling fluids. This study provides a review of research in this field with focus on heat transfer characteristics and potential applications of nanofluids. The paper also identifies opportunities for future research on nanofluids’ heat transfer application in internal combustion engines.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer of Single Jet Impingement on a Aluminium Block
Authors: Muthukannan M. , Brajesh M. , Rajeshkanna P. , Jeyakuma S. , Vikneswaran N.
Published: July 2014

Jet Impingement is used in many applications where extensive heating (or) cooling is necessary to produce high heat transfer rate in a localized region. Those applications include glass production, drying of papers, annealing of metals and cooling of electronic equipments. Present work is involved with the experimental investigation of single jet impingement on Aluminium block. The effect of Reynolds number and the distance between the jet and block (H/d ratio) are considered as the interesting variable parameters. The heat transfer rate and reattachment length are reported in detailed for the various Reynolds number and various jet to block ratio. The flow physics revealed that when the Reynolds number increases the reattachment length also increases. The heat transfer rate increases with increase in Reynolds number up to critical heat flux and then further increase of Reynolds number leads to decrease in heat transfer.
Performance Prediction of Pulse Tube Refrigerator Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Rout Sachindra Ku , Gupta Ajay Ku , Sahoo Rajit Ku , Sarangi Sunil Ku
Published: July 2014

The present study proposes a numerical model to analyze the effect of four dimensional parameters on performance characteristics such as Coefficient of performance (COP), of the Inertance-Type Pulse Tube Refrigerator (ITPTR). The numerical model is validated by comparing with previously published results. The detail analysis of cool down behaviour, heat transfer at the cold end and the pressure variation inside the whole system has been carried out by using the most powerful computational fluid dynamic software package ANSYS FLUENT 13. The operating frequency for all the studied cases is (34 Hz). In fact, to get an optimum parameter experimentally is a very tedious for iterance pulse tube refrigerator job, so that the CFD approach gives a better solution. Finally, an artificial neural network (ANN) based process model is proposed to establish relation between input parameters and the responses. The model provides an inexpensive and time saving substitute to study the performance of ITPTR. The model can be used for selecting ideal process states to improve ITPTR performance.
Numerical Analysis to Study the Flow Pattern inside a Fin-Tube Heat Exchanger Navigation of a Mobile Robot
Authors: Gupta Ajay Ku , Rout Sachindra Kumar , Kumar Pankaj , Sahoo Ranjit Ku , Sarangi Sunil Ku
Published: July 2014

A computational fluid dynamic approach has been utilized to optimize the fin shape inside a circular tube having different shape of fins attached internal circumference of the tube. Total three type shape (rectangular shape, T-Shape, triangular shape) of fins is utilized for this numerical analysis. The tube length is taken 5m and dimeter of 0.07m. For all case volume of fins remains constant factor with Reynolds number 1200 and constant wall heat flux of 200 W/m2. For this analysis a commercial package FLUENT is used. The present paper shows how the fluid temperature, pressure and velocity changes in axial direction for changing the fin shape. Result shows that for triangular fin shape there optimum heat transfer between other configuration of fin.
Optimization of MCHX Using CFD and Refrigeration Cycle Simulator
Authors: Ezhilan M. , Kannan P. Seeni
Published: July 2014

Micro channel heat exchangers (MCHX) can be broadly classified as fluidic devices that employ channels of hydraulic diameter smaller than 1 mm. The present study focused on validate the better configuration parameters of louver fin used in MCHX for apply in residential air-conditioner condenser. The study has considered for three different louver angle case, two different louver lengths for better louver angle case and finally two different louver pitches for better louver angle and louver length case. The study indicates that the pressure drop will depends upon the louver angle and pitch. The louver angle i.e. 25deg provides reasonable pressure drop and high heat transfer rate. Thus by changing the length of louver can increase the pressure drop in MCHX. The case ie., 1.2mm louver length have more heat transfer rate. But when comparing to 1mm louver length case Net Heat Transfer rate is high. So the study further continued by having the louver length 1mm and changing the louver pitch. The louver pitch 0.8 and 1.2 has only considered for the study. The length of louver can decrease the pressure drop in MCHX. The variation of net heat transfer rate to changing the louver pitch indicating the importance of number of louver present in the MCHX. Thus the present study indicates the importance of configuration parameters for MCHX. The study also indicates that the increasing the louver length and angle will increase the net heat transfer rate. While increasing the louver pitch is inversely proportional to the net heat transfer rate of MCHX.
Optimization of Surface Grinding Process Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness in AISI 1080 Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Periyasamy S. , Aravind M. , Vivek D. , Amirthagadeswaran K.S.
Published: July 2014

In this study, the response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters of constant speed horizontal spindle surface grinding. The experiments were conducted based on the design expert software. The surface roughness characteristics were investigated in AISI 1080 steel plates using A60V5V grinding wheels. The optimum parameters for minimum surface roughness were found using Design Expert software. The parameters for a particular surface roughness value can also be determined using the results of this experiment. This results shows that feed has a greater effect on surface roughness and feed has medium effect on surface roughness. While dressing depth of cut has a very minimal effect on surface roughness.
Design and Analysis of Cooling Cabinet for Vaccine Storage
Authors: Saravanan N. , Rathnasamy R. , Ananchasivan V.
Published: July 2014

Solar powered adsorption refrigeration system is renewable source in the future energy demands and more useful for off-grid area. In this paper a mathematical model was developed to investigate the performance of a cooling cabinet of a activated carbon-ammonia adsorption refrigeration system, and a new effective method about the refrigeration studies. A brief thermodynamic study of the cooling cabinet is carried out and the effect of operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, cooling effect of the system is numerically analyzed. The impact of solar intensity on performance of the system is significant. The cooling cabinet model is completely analysied for varies capacity and it is able to calculate the cooling cabinet coil length .The designed mathematical model is analyzed by the use of coolpack software and the results are compared with ansys software. It is observed that the system operate more efficient while maximum solar intensity and the cooling effect.
Key words: Solar, Adsorption Refrigeration, Mathematical model, Analysis, Solar intensity.
Impact of Emissivity on the Hotspot Temperature for Condition Monitoring of Electrical Equipments in Closed Room
Authors: Sangeetha M.S. , Nandhitha N.M. , Roslin S. Emalda
Published: July 2014

Condition monitoring of electrical equipments is indeed the earliest application of Infrared Thermography. It overcomes the disadvantages of conventional manual testing as it does not involve disassembly and reassembly of electrical equipments. Conventionally in IRT testing, hotspot is plotted across the time of testing and any abrupt deviation in the graph indicates either immediate or delayed manual. However hotspot temperature is also dependent on the environmental and operational conditions. Hence prior to plotting the hotspot temperature, it is necessary to correct the errors induced due to above factors in the measured temperature. In this paper relationship between hotspot temperature and emissivity is given as mathematical equation
Path Planning of Mobile Robot Agent Using Heuristic Based Integrated Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Sudhagar K. , Subramanian M. Bala , Rajarajeswari G.
Published: July 2014

Optimal path planning is considered to be the key area, which gives much attention to researchers in the field of robotic research community. In this paper, a comprehensive simulation study was made on applying heuristic based optimal path planning algorithm of a mobile robot agent in an dynamic environment. This study aims on the behavioural aspects, exploration and navigational aspects along with optimal path analysis of a mobile robot agent. The behaviour selection of a mobile robot agent is considered to be the key challenge for designing a control architecture system, in which it is highly suitable for dynamically changing environment. A mobile robot agent participating for mission critical application will explore into an known environment without any discrepancy, but exploring into an unknown environment will be a challenging criterion, considering its constraints such as time, cost, energy, exploration distance etc., This paper aims on navigational study of the mobile robot agent participating in dynamically changing environments, using heuristic approach. The System evaluation is validated using Graphical User Interface (GUI) based test-bed for Robots called RoboSim and the efficiency of the system is measured, via Simulation Results. Simulation results prove that applying A* algorithm in an unknown environment explores much faster than other path planning algorithms.
A New Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm: Fitness Aggregated Genetic Algorithm (FAGA) for Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Kumar V. Sivaram , Thansekhar M.R. , Saravanan R.
Published: July 2014

This paper presents multi objective vehicle routing problem in which the total distance travelled by the vehicles and total number of vehicles used are minimized. In general, fitness assignment procedure, as one of the important operators, influences the effectiveness of multi objective genetic algorithms. In this paper genetic algorithm with different fitness assignment approach and specialized crossover called Fitness Aggregated Genetic Algorithm (FAGA) is introduced for solving the problem. The suggested algorithm is investigated on large number of popular benchmarks for vehicle routing problem. It is observed from the results that the suggested new algorithm is very effective and the solutions are competitive with the best known results.
An Efficient Approach for Network Mobility Based on AES Algorithm
Authors: Dayana D.S.
Published: July 2014

Users interested to use the Internet from anywhere and at any time. For this purpose, the Internet Engineering Task Force proposed the concept of network mobility. But the IETF’s mobile Virtual Private Network does not support for real time applications. In this paper, the user’s communication between public networks and the private networks can be secured by using Virtual Private Network gateway. This secured user’s communication is based on Session Initiation Protocol and AES algorithm. The security impact is computed analytically and the performance is simulated. The signaling cost can also be reduced in this approach. Cryptographic mechanism like encryption and decryption is applied through the AES algorithm, so that the data transmitted through the VPN gateway is quality and secured.
An Efficient Lossless Medical Image Compression Using Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Priya C. , Kesavamurthy T. , Uma Priya M.
Published: July 2014

Recently many new algorithms for image compression based on wavelets have been developed.This paper gives a detailed explanation of SPIHT algorithm with the combination of Lempel Ziv Welch compression technique for image compression by MATLAB implementation. Set partitioning in Hierarchical trees (SPIHT) is one of the most efficient algorithm known today. Pyramid structures have been created by the SPIHT algorithm based on a wavelet decomposition of an image. Lempel Ziv Welch is a universal lossless data compression algorithm guarantees that the original information can be exactly reproduced from the compressed data.The proposed methods have better compression ratio, computational speed and good reconstruction quality of the image. To analysis the proposed lossless methods here, calculate the performance metrics as Compression ratio, Mean square error, Peak signal to Noise ratio.
Key Words-LempelZivWelch (LZW),SPIHT,Wavelet
Low Power Devnagari Unicode Checker Design Using CGVS Approach
Authors: Islam S.M. Mohaiminul , Noor Mahbub E. , Pandey Bishwajeet , Kumar Tanesh , Rahman Md Atiqur , Das Teerath
Published: July 2014

In this paper we have introduced a new approach called Clock Gating and Voltage Scaling (CGVS), which is the combination of two existing techniques i.e. Clock gating and Voltage Scaling. Our aim is to design a low power Devnagari Unicode Checker (DUC) using CGVS technique. This design is implemented on Kintex-7 FPGA families, XC7K70T device, -3 speed grade and FBG676 package. From our analysis, it is observed that, with the use of clock gated technique in our target circuit and with the scaling of voltage from 1.0V to 0.1V, we are achieving clock power reduction of 98.98% on 10GHz and 1THz operating frequencies. Under same voltage scaling scheme, there is 6.66%, 10.38%, 10.64% and 10.62% less reduction in IO power, when the target circuit is operating on 1GHz, 10GHz, 100GHz and 1THz operating frequencies.
Text Mining Approach for Discovering Useful Knowledge from Information Sources of E-Waste
Authors: Dhanasekaran Kuttiyapillai , Rajeswari Ramachandran
Published: July 2014

Proposed method introduces a K-Nearest Neighbor method by using relevance vector machine which finds the entities and related information on waste materials to make processing of waste materials more domain friendly. A corpus analysis was incorporated to support the extraction of accurate information through elimination of unrelated tokens. The distribution of weights to terms was determined through a vector space model. Parallel verification on various entities was carried out while testing. This reduces the time taken for mapping and discovering useful information from documents (dataset) of e-waste management. Recent computer aided tools cannot check for consistency and correctness of faulty requirement definition, this paper introduces text processing method using natural language technique; this enables effective maintenance and utilization of waste materials by presenting task specific information through computer-assisted text mining and analysis process.
Security Based Processed Video Distribution on Multi-Core System
Authors: Vinothini M. , Manikandan M.
Published: July 2014

During real time there are problems in transmitting video directly to the client. One of the main problems is, intermediate intelligent proxy can easily hack the data as the transmitter fails to address authentication, and fails to provide security guarantees. Hence we provide steganography and cryptography mechanisms like secure-code, IP address and checksum for authentication and AES algorithm with secret key for security. Although the hacker hacks the video during transmission, he cannot view the information. Based on IP address and secure-code, the authenticated user only can get connected to the transmitter and view the information. For further improvement in security, the video is converted into frames and these frames are split into groups and separate shared key is applied to each group of frames for encryption and decryption. This secured communication process is applied in image processing modules like face detection, edge detection and color object detection. To reduce the computation time multi-core CPU processing is utilized. Using multi-core, the tasks are processed in parallel fashion.
Contrast Enhanced for Microstructure of Steel Materials and Engine Components
Authors: Santhi K. , Banu Wahida , Dhanasekaran R.
Published: July 2014

This paper analyses the contrast of qualitative and quantitative of piston and steel microstructure images. A simple discrimination metric (DMHE) is developed to avoid the drawbacks of conventional histogram equalization for gray scale images. The proposed technique uses both global and local information to remap the intensity levels that help to improve the image contrast. The original histogram is divided into sub-histograms with respect to the mean value. Discrimination metrics are used so that high contrast per pixel between real image and upgraded image is obtained. The simulation results show that the proposed method performed well for mechanical component material of piston and steel microstructure images. Parameters like structural similarity index and contrast per pixel are used to analyze the image quality. Keywords-Piston and Steel microstructure, Contrast Enhancement, Two level Histogram Equalization, Discrimination Metric.