bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a microsphere-based immunoassay for the serological diagnosis of equine trypanosomosis
Authors: Verney Mylène , Gautron Morgane , Lemans Charlène , Rincé Alain , Hans Aymeric , Hébert Laurent
Published: January 2022

Trypanozoon infections in equids are caused by three parasite species in the Trypanozoon subgenus: Trypanosoma equiperdum, T. brucei and T. evansi. They are respectively responsible for infectious diseases dourine, nagana and surra. Due to the threat that Trypanozoon infection represents for international horse trading, accurate diagnostic tests are crucial. Current tests suffer from poor sensitivity and specificity, due in the first case to the transient presence of parasites in the blood and in the second, to antigenic cross-reactivity among Trypanozoon subspecies. This study was designed to develop a microsphere‐based immunoassay for diagnosing equine trypanosomosis. We tested beads coated with eight Trypanosoma spp. recombinant antigens: enolase, GM6, PFR1, PFR2, ISG65, VSGat, RoTat1.2 and JN2118HU. Of these, GM6 was identified as the best candidate for the serological diagnosis of Trypanozoon infections in equids. Using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on 349 equine sera, anti-GM6 antibodies were detected with an AUC value of 0.994 offering a sensitivity of 97.9% and a specificity of 96.0%. Our findings show that the GM6 antigen is a good target for diagnosing equine trypanosomosis using a microsphere‐based immunoassay. This promising assay could be a useful alternative to the official diagnostic tool for equine trypanosomosis.
Dosimetry of heavy ion exposure to human cells using nanoscopic imaging of double strand break repair protein clusters
Authors: Reindl Judith , Kundrat P. , Girst S. , Sammer M. , Schwarz B. , Dollinger G.
Published: January 2022

The human body is constantly exposed to ionizing radiation of different qualities. Especially the exposure to high-LET (linear energy transfer) particles increases due to new tumor therapy methods using e.g. carbon ions. Furthermore, upon radiation accidents, a mixture of radiation of different quality is adding up to human radiation exposure. Finally, long-term space missions such as the mission to mars pose great challenges to the dose assessment an astronaut was exposed to. Currently, DSB counting using γH2AX foci is used as an exact dosimetric measure for individuals. Due to the size of the γH2AX IRIF of ~ 0.6 µm, it is only possible to count DSB when they are separated by this distance. For high-LET particle exposure, the distance of the DSB is too small to be separated and the dose will be underestimated. In this study, we developed a method where it is possible to count DSB which are separated by a distance of ~ 140 nm. We counted the number of ionizing radiation-induced pDNA-PKcs (DNA-PKcs phosphorylated at T2609) foci (size = 140 nm ± 20 nm) in human HeLa cells using STED super-resolution microscopy that has an intrinsic resolution of 100 nm. Irradiation was performed at the ion microprobe SNAKE using high-LET 20 MeV lithium (LET = 116 keV/µm) and 27 MeV carbon ions (LET = 500 keV/µm). pDNA-PKcs foci label all DSB as proven by counterstaining with 53BP1 after low-LET γ-irradiation where separation of individual DSB is in most cases larger than the 53BP1 gross size of about 0.6 µm. Lithium ions produce (1.5 ± 0.1) IRIF/µm track length, for carbon ions (2.2 ± 0.2) IRIF/µm are counted. These values are enhanced by a factor of 2–3 compared to conventional foci counting of high-LET tracks. Comparison of the measurements to PARTRAC simulation data proof the consistency of results. We used these data to develop a measure for dosimetry of high-LET or mixed particle radiation exposure directly in the biological sample. We show that proper dosimetry for radiation up to a LET of 240 keV/µm is possible.
Asthma in paediatric intensive care in England residents: observational study
Authors: Mukherjee Mome , Cunningham Steve , Bhuia Mohammad Romel , Lo Tsz-Yan Milly , Been Jasper V. , Sheikh Aziz
Published: January 2022

Despite high prevalence of asthma in children in the UK, there were no prior report on asthma admissions in paediatric intensive care units (PICU). We investigated the epidemiology and healthcare resource utilisation in children with asthma presenting to PICUs in England. PICANet, a UK national PICU database, was queried for asthma as the primary reason for admission, of children resident in England from April 2006 until March 2013. There were 2195 admissions to PICU for a median stay of 1.4 days. 59% were males and 51% aged 0–4 years. The fourth and fifth most deprived quintiles represented 61% (1329) admissions and 73% (11) of the 15 deaths. Deaths were most frequent in 10–14 years age (n = 11, 73%), with no deaths in less than 5 years age. 38% of admissions (828/2193) received invasive ventilation, which was more frequent with increasing deprivation (13% (108/828) in least deprived to 31% (260/828) in most deprived) and with decreasing age (0–4-year-olds: 49%, 409/828). This first multi-centre PICU study in England found that children from more deprived neighbourhoods represented the majority of asthma admissions, invasive ventilation and deaths in PICU. Children experiencing socioeconomic deprivation could benefit from enhanced asthma support in the community.
Pro108Ser mutation of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro reduces the enzyme activity and ameliorates the clinical severity of COVID-19
Authors: Abe Kodai , Kabe Yasuaki , Uchiyama Susumu , Iwasaki Yuka W. , Ishizu Hirotsugu , Uwamino Yoshifumi , Takenouchi Toshiki , Uno Shunsuke , Ishii Makoto , Maruno Takahiro , Noda Masanori , Murata Mitsuru , Hasegawa Naoki , Saya Hideyuki , Kitagawa Yuko , Fukunaga Koichi , Amagai Masayuki , Siomi Haruhiko , Suematsu Makoto , Kosaki Kenjiro ,   Keio Donner Project
Published: January 2022

Recently, an international randomized controlled clinical trial showed that patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated orally with the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) inhibitor PF-07321332 within three days of symptom onset showed an 89% lower risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission/ death from any cause as compared with the patients who received placebo. Lending support to this critically important result of the aforementioned trial, we demonstrated in our study that patients infected with a SARS-Cov-2 sub-lineage (B.1.1.284) carrying the Pro108Ser mutation in 3CLpro tended to have a comparatively milder clinical course (i.e., a smaller proportion of patients required oxygen supplementation during the clinical course) than patients infected with the same sub-lineage of virus not carrying the mutation. Characterization of the mutant 3CLpro revealed that the Kcat/Km of the 3CLpro enzyme containing Ser108 was 58% lower than that of Pro108 3CLpro. Hydrogen/deuterium-exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) revealed that the reduced activity was associated with structural perturbation surrounding the substrate-binding region of the enzyme, which is positioned behind and distant from the 108th amino acid residue. Our findings of the attenuated clinical course of COVID-19 in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 strains with reduced 3CLpro enzymatic activity greatly endorses the promising result of the aforementioned clinical trial of the 3CLpro inhibitor.
Auditory time thresholds in the range of milliseconds but not seconds are impaired in ADHD
Authors: Anobile Giovanni , Bartoli Mariaelisa , Pfanner Chiara , Masi Gabriele , Cioni Giovanni , Tinelli Francesca
Published: January 2022

The literature on time perception in individuals with ADHD is extensive but inconsistent, probably reflecting the use of different tasks and performances indexes. A sample of 40 children/adolescents (20 with ADHD, 20 neurotypical) was engaged in two identical psychophysical tasks measuring auditory time thresholds in the milliseconds (0.25–1 s) and seconds (0.75–3 s) ranges. Results showed a severe impairment in ADHD for milliseconds thresholds (Log10BF = 1.9). The deficit remained strong even when non-verbal IQ was regressed out and correlation with age suggests a developmental delay. In the seconds range, thresholds were indistinguishable between the two groups (Log10BF = − 0.5) and not correlated with milliseconds thresholds. Our results largely confirm previous evidence suggesting partially separate mechanisms for time perception in the ranges of milliseconds and seconds. Moreover, since the evidence suggests that time perception of milliseconds stimuli might load relatively less on cognitive control and working memory, compared to longer durations, the current results are consistent with a pure timing deficit in individuals with ADHD.
Haploidy in somatic cells is induced by mature oocytes in mice
Authors: Lee Yeonmi , Trout Aysha , Marti-Gutierrez Nuria , Kang Seoon , Xie Philip , Mikhalchenko Aleksei , Kim Bitnara , Choi Jiwan , So Seongjun , Han Jongsuk , Xu Jing , Koski Amy , Ma Hong , Yoon Junchul David , Van Dyken Crystal , Darby Hayley , Liang Dan , Li Ying , Tippner-Hedges Rebecca , Xu Fuhua , Amato Paula , Palermo Gianpiero D. , Mitalipov Shoukhrat , Kang Eunju
Published: January 2022

Haploidy is naturally observed in gametes; however, attempts of experimentally inducing haploidy in somatic cells have not been successful. Here, we demonstrate that the replacement of meiotic spindles in mature metaphases II (MII) arrested oocytes with nuclei of somatic cells in the G0/G1 stage of cell cycle results in the formation of de novo spindles consisting of somatic homologous chromosomes comprising of single chromatids. Fertilization of such oocytes with sperm triggers the extrusion of one set of homologous chromosomes into the pseudo-polar body (PPB), resulting in a zygote with haploid somatic and sperm pronuclei (PN). Upon culture, 18% of somatic-sperm zygotes reach the blastocyst stage, and 16% of them possess heterozygous diploid genomes consisting of somatic haploid and sperm homologs across all chromosomes. We also generate embryonic stem cells and live offspring from somatic-sperm embryos. Our finding may offer an alternative strategy for generating oocytes carrying somatic genomes.
Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Cortex interactions with G glycoprotein inhibit respiratory syncytial virus infectivity
Authors: Fujikane Aya , Sakamoto Atsuhiko , Fujikane Ryosuke , Nishi Akinori , Ishino Yoshizumi , Hiromatsu Kenji , Nabeshima Shigeki
Published: January 2022

Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory tract infection in children, no effective therapies are available. Recently, RSV G, the attachment glycoprotein, has become a major focus in the development of therapeutic strategies against RSV infection. Treatment of RSV-infected cultured cells with maoto, a traditional herbal medicine for acute febrile diseases, significantly reduced the viral RNA and titers. RSV attachment to the cell surface was inhibited both in the presence of maoto and when RSV particles were pre-treated with maoto. We demonstrated that maoto components, Ephedrae Herba (EH) and Cinnamomi Cortex (CC), specifically interacted with the central conserved domain (CCD) of G protein, and also found that this interaction blocked viral attachment to the cellular receptor CX3CR1. Genetic mutation of CX3C motif on the CCD, the epitope for CX3CR1, decreased the binding capacity to EH and CC, suggesting that CX3C motif was the target for EH and CC. Finally, oral administration of maoto for five days to RSV-infected mice significantly reduced the lung viral titers. These experiments clearly showed the anti-RSV activity of EH and CC mixed in maoto. Taken together, this study provides insights for the rational design of therapies against RSV infection.
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers paracrine senescence and leads to a sustained senescence-associated inflammatory response
Authors: Tsuji Shunya , Minami Shohei , Hashimoto Rina , Konishi Yusuke , Suzuki Tatsuya , Kondo Tamae , Sasai Miwa , Torii Shiho , Ono Chikako , Shichinohe Shintaro , Sato Shintaro , Wakita Masahiro , Okumura Shintaro , Nakano Sosuke , Matsudaira Tatsuyuki , Matsumoto Tomonori , Kawamoto Shimpei , Yamamoto Masahiro , Watanabe Tokiko , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Takayama Kazuo , Kobayashi Takeshi , Okamoto Toru , Hara Eiji
Published: January 2022

Reports of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, in which the inflammatory response persists even after SARS-CoV-2 has disappeared, are increasing1, but the underlying mechanisms of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome remain unknown. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2-infected cells trigger senescence-like cell-cycle arrest2,3 in neighboring uninfected cells in a paracrine manner via virus-induced cytokine production. In cultured human cells or bronchial organoids, these SASR-CoV-2 infection-induced senescent cells express high levels of a series of inflammatory factors known as senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs)4 in a sustained manner, even after SARS-CoV-2 is no longer detectable. We also show that the expression of the senescence marker CDKN2A (refs. 5,6) and various SASP factor4 genes is increased in the pulmonary cells of patients with severe post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Furthermore, we find that mice exposed to a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV-2 exhibit prolonged signs of cellular senescence and SASP in the lung at 14 days after infection when the virus was undetectable, which could be substantially reduced by the administration of senolytic drugs7. The sustained infection-induced paracrine senescence described here may be involved in the long-term inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Co–N/C-900 metal–organic framework-derived nanozyme as a H2O2-free oxidase mimic for the colorimetric sensing of l-cysteine
Authors: Chen Jian , Hu Song , Cai Yongliang , Liu Xia , Wu Yueqi , Dai Yihu , Wang Zhijuan
Published: January 2022

A facile and efficient colorimetric method with a Co–N/C nanozyme derived from a MOF precursor (Co–Zn ZIFs) was used to sensitively determine l-cysteine without adding H2O2.
A selective electrochemical chiral interface based on a carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin/Pd@Au nanoparticles/3D reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for tyrosine enantiomer recognition
Authors: Niu Qingfang , Jin Pengyue , Huang Yu , Fan Lifang , Zhang Caihong , Yang Cheng , Dong Chuan , Liang Wenting , Shuang Shaomin
Published: January 2022

Palladium@gold nanoparticle modified three-dimensional-reduced graphene oxide was coupled with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin to form a novel nanocomposite, which served as an effective chiral sensing interface for electrochemical enantiorecognition.
Discovery of the Rnase activity of CRISPR–Cas12a and its distinguishing cleavage efficiency on various substrates
Authors: Li Jiacheng , Luo Tong , He Yao , Liu Hui , Deng ZhiWei , Bu Jiaqi , Long Xi , Zhong Shian , Yang Yanjing
Published: January 2022

LbCas12a bound to ssDNA (a) or ssRNA (b) target exhibits different activities to different substrates. a. The order of cleavage speed: hairpin DNA > short ssDNA > hairpin RNA > linear RNA; b. The order of cleavage speed: hairpin DNA > hairpin RNA > short ssDNA. TS means targeted strand. Substrates are all single strands with different secondary structures (hairpin and linear).
Synthesis of chiral polycyclic N-heterocycles via gold(i)-catalyzed 1,6-enyne cyclization/intramolecular nucleophilic addition
Authors: Han Xu , Gaignard-Gaillard Quentin , Retailleau Pascal , Gandon Vincent , Voituriez Arnaud
Published: January 2022

A gold(i)-catalyzed synthesis of highly functionalized nitrogen-containing polycyclic scaffolds was developed (up to 92% yield and 93% ee).
Chemical structure modulation in conductive MOFs by adjusting the oxidation state of the ligand and introducing alkali metal ions
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Wu Haowei , Wu Sicheng , Sun Yimeng , Zhu Jia , Zou Ye , Xu Wei , Zhu Daoben
Published: January 2022

By changing the ligand from THBQ to HHB or introducing Rb+ and Cs+, the structure of MnTHBQ was modulated and this work highlights the importance of the redox-active ligands and alkali metal ions in manipulating the structures of MOFs.
Construction of acid–base bifunctional covalent organic frameworks via Doebner reaction for catalysing cascade reaction
Authors: Li Xue-Tian , Zou Jie , Yu Qi , Liu Yan , Li Jing-Ru , Li Meng-Jing , Ma Hui-Chao , Chen Gong-Jun , Dong Yu-Bin
Published: January 2022

A series of acid-base bifunctional COFs which can highly catalyze tandem deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction under solvent-free conditions is synthesized by the multicomponent one-pot in situ Doebner reaction.
Mechanistic investigation of B12-independent glycerol dehydratase and its activating enzyme GD-AE
Authors: Li Yaoyang , Yao Yadi , Yu Lu , Tian Changlin , Dong Min
Published: January 2022

GD-AE is a classical radical SAM enzyme that cleaves SAM to form 5′-deoxyadenosine (5′-dA) and a glycyl radical on B12-independent GD. GD catalyzes the glycerol dehydration reaction by direct elimination of the 2-OH group rather than migration.
Surface chemistry of metal–organic polyhedra
Authors: Albalad Jorge , Hernández-López Laura , Carné-Sánchez Arnau , Maspoch Daniel
Published: January 2022

The rich surface chemistry of metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) enables their functionalization and tuning their properties.
Fragmentation dynamics of doubly charged camphor molecule following C 1s Auger decay
Authors: Sen Sanket , Mandal S. , Sen Arnab , Gopal R. , Ben Ltaief L. , Turchini S. , Catone D. , Zema N. , Coreno M. , Richter R. , Mudrich M. , Krishnan S. R. , Sharma V.
Published: January 2022

Investigation of the fragmentation of doubly charged camphor molecule following C 1s Auger decay experimentally by VMI-PEPIPICO, supplemented with MD simulations.
Construction of stable MoxSy/CeO2 heterostructures for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Liu Hongxian , Wang Pai , Jiang Jinxiu , Cheng Gang , Wu Tongwei , Zhang Yanning
Published: January 2022

The unique structures of polynuclear MoxSy clusters make it possible to maximize the number of their active sites and for them to be good candidates for HER catalysts.
Photogeneration of quinone methide from adamantylphenol in an ultrafast non-adiabatic dehydration reaction
Authors: Forjan Mateo , Zgrablić Goran , Vdović Silvije , Šekutor Marina , Basarić Nikola , Kabacinski Piotr , Nazari Haghighi Pashaki Maryam , Frey Hans-Martin , Cannizzo Andrea , Cerullo Giulio
Published: January 2022

Photochemical formation of quinone methide from adamantylphenol was investigated computationally and experimentally, showing evidence of ultrafast non-adiabatic dehydration via a conical intersection.
Effect of cobalt phosphide (CoP) vacancies on its hydrogen evolution activity via water splitting: a theoretical study
Authors: Cao Xiaofei , Tan Yuan , Zheng Huaan , Hu Jun , Chen Xi , Chen Zhong
Published: January 2022

The CoP (101)B surface with Pvac and Covac can enhance the electron transfer from the bulk to the surface, Pvac can improve HER performance efficiently, while Covac can promote spontaneous dissociation of H2O.
Machine learning-enabled band gap prediction of monolayer transition metal chalcogenide alloys
Authors: Gao Chan , Yang Xiaoyong , Jiang Ming , Chen Lixin , Chen Zhiwen , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: January 2022

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) alloys with tunable direct band gaps have promising applications in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.
Apple phenolic extracts ameliorate lead-induced cognitive impairment and depression- and anxiety-like behavior in mice by abating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosisviathe miR-22-3p/SIRT1 axis
Authors: Ren Yongfeng , Sun-Waterhouse Dongxiao , Ouyang Fangxin , Tan Xintong , Li Dapeng , Xu Longhua , Li Bo , Wang Yongli , Li Feng
Published: January 2022

Lead can lead to neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment.
A simple, safe and robust system for hydrogenation “without high-pressure gases” under batch and flow conditions using a liquid organic hydrogen carrier
Authors: Porcar Raul , Mollar-Cuni Andrés , Ventura-Espinosa David , Luis Santiago V. , García-Verdugo Eduardo , Mata Jose A.
Published: January 2022

A simple, safe and robust system for the continuous, in situ and on demand hydrogen generation under mild conditions. The highly pure hydrogen generated can be used for further hydrogenation reactions under both batch and continuous flow conditions.
Recent advances in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: An Zhidong , Li Jiang
Published: January 2022

This review summarizes the recent advances relating to the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol, mainly focusing on the structure-activity relationships, the general reaction mechanism, and future research trends.
Mechanochemical synthesis of coumarins via Pechmann condensation under solvent-free conditions: an easy access to coumarins and annulated pyrano[2,3-f] and [3,2-f]indoles
Authors: Sharapov Ainur D. , Fatykhov Ramil F. , Khalymbadzha Igor A. , Sharutin Vladimir V. , Santra Sougata , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Chupakhin Oleg N. , Ranu Brindaban C.
Published: January 2022

A green protocol has been developed for the synthesis of simple coumarins and linear pyrano[2,3-f] and [3,2-f]indoles by the reaction of phenol derivatives with β-ketoesters under ball milling at ambient temperature in the presence of methanesulfonic acid.
Role of carbon quantum dot for enhanced performance of photo-absorption in Cu2CoSnS4 superstrate solar cell device
Authors: Sivagami D. , Priyadarshini B. Geetha
Published: January 2022

1. CCTS and CCTS:CQD nanocomposites were successfully deposited. 2. Physical characteristics of synthesized CCTS and CCTS:CQD thin films were examined. 3. CCTS:CQD nanocomposite was used as a p-type layer in an inorganic thin-film solar cell. 4. The photoconversion efficiencies were obtained for CCTS and CCTS:CQD nanocomposite.
Functionalization of graphene oxide with a hybrid P, N ligand for immobilizing and stabilizing economical and non-toxic nanosized CuO: an efficient, robust and reusable catalyst for the C–O coupling reaction inO-arylation of phenol
Authors: Oswal Preeti , Arora Aayushi , Singh Siddhant , Nautiyal Divyanshu , Kumar Sushil , Kumar Arun
Published: January 2022

A new graphene oxide based heterogeneous catalytic system holding CuO nanoparticles through P and N donor sites for the C–O coupling reaction.
Hydroisomerization of 1-octene utilizing hierarchical SAPO-11-supported Ni catalysts: effect of the alkyl chain length of the mesoporogen
Authors: Chen Zhiping , Liu Li , Shi Faxiang , Zhou Wenwu , Yang Zhiyuan , Zhou Anning
Published: January 2022

The effects of the alkyl chain length of the mesoporogen on the physicochemical properties and 1-octene hydroisomerization of hierarchical SAPO-11 have been investigated.
Chemo-selective syntheses of N-t-boc-protected amino ester analogs through Buchwald–Hartwig amination
Authors: Suwal Sujit , Rahman Mahmuda , O’Brien Gregory , Karambizi Victoire G. , Wrotny Matthew , Scott Goodman M.
Published: January 2022

We showcased a library of amino ester molecules created through the BHA reaction. The product formation is more facile in the esters where nitrogen is present ortho to the halo substituent in the heteroaromatic ring.
Current research progress on laccase-like nanomaterials
Authors: Lei Lulu , Yang Xiaoyu , Song Yudong , Huang Hui , Li Yongxin
Published: January 2022

The first systematic review of the progress of research on the types and applications of laccase-like activity of nanomaterials is reported.
Syntheses, structures, in vitro cytostatic activity and antifungal activity evaluation of four diorganotin(iv) complexes based on norfloxacin and levofloxacin
Authors: Guo Qiang , Zhang Ru-Fen , Hua Xue-Wen , Li Qian-Li , Du Xiu-Mei , Ru Jing , Ma Chun-Lin
Published: January 2022

Four organotin(iv) complexes have been designed and synthesized from the reactions of R2SnO (R = Me, Ph) with the corresponding ligands norfloxacin and levofloxacin. And the cytostatic and antifungal activity test have been done.
Strategies for interface issues and challenges of neural electrodes
Authors: Liang Cuiyuan , Liu Yan , Lu Weihong , Tian Gongwei , Zhao Qinyi , Yang Dan , Sun Jing , Qi Dianpeng
Published: January 2022

Examples of neural electrodes with different charge transfer mechanisms.
Acridine-based dyes as high-performance near-infrared Raman reporter molecules for cell imaging
Authors: Du Jiasheng , Li Jinming , Li Yuzhan , Wang Dong , Cao Hui , He Wanli , Zhou Yang
Published: January 2022

A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobe has been proven to be a promising tool for near-infrared (NIR) biomedical imaging and diagnosis because of its high sensitivity and selectivity.
Combinatorial inkjet printing for compositional tuning of metal-halide perovskite thin films
Authors: Näsström Hampus , Shargaieva Oleksandra , Becker Pascal , Mathies Florian , Zizak Ivo , Schröder Vincent R. F. , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W. , Unold Thomas , Unger Eva
Published: January 2022

A new method for droplet placement in combinatorial inkjet printing, validated by synchrotron micro-spot X-ray diffraction mapping of CsPb(BrxI1−x)3.
A renewable biomass-based lignin film as an effective protective layer to stabilize zinc metal anodes for high-performance zinc–iodine batteries
Authors: Wang Ke , Le Jia-Bo , Zhang Shao-Jian , Ren Wen-Feng , Yuan Jiang-Meng , Su Ting-Ting , Chi Bing-Yu , Shao Chang-You , Sun Run-Cang
Published: January 2022

A renewable biomass-based lignin film on Zn anodes was constructed through the robust coordination interaction with Zn2+ and strong adsorption energy with Zn metal to avoid the side reaction with H2O and I3− and restrain the growth of Zn dendrites.
Systematic study on the optimization of a bis(N,N-diethyl)aniline based NLO chromophore via a stronger electron acceptor, extended π-conjugation and isolation groups
Authors: Bo Shuhui , Li Ya , Liu Tongtong , Huo Fuyang , Xiao Hongyan , Zhang Hua , Chen Zhuo
Published: January 2022

New chromophores which contains the optimal structure of the same bis(N,N-diethyl)aniline donor were synthesized and the hyperpolarizability β can be effectively translated into large electro-optic coefficients in poled polymers.
Efficient narrowband electroluminescence based on a hetero-bichromophore thermally activated delayed fluorescence dyad
Authors: Yu You-Jun , Zou Sheng-Nan , Peng Chen-Chen , Feng Zi-Qi , Qu Yang-Kun , Yang Sheng-Yi , Jiang Zuo-Quan , Liao Liang-Sheng
Published: January 2022

A hetero-bichromophore thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter namedBOQAOwas designed and synthesized, which consists of two multi-resonance TADF (MR-TADF) cores,tBuBO andtBuQAO.
Structural phase transition of BiSb and formation of Weyl semimetallic phase under pressure: calculations and experiments
Authors: Liu Hao , Wang Jia , Han Yonghao , Gao Chunxiao
Published: January 2022

BiSb was found to transform into a Weyl semimetal at ∼4 GPa. Detailed pressure-induced structural phase transitions and changes in electrical transport properties are explored.
Ultrathin covalent and cuprophilic interaction-assembled copper–sulfur monolayer in organic metal chalcogenide for oriented photoconductivity
Authors: Liu Guang-Ning , Xu Rang-Dong , Li Ming-Kun , Sun Yiqiang , Zhou Meng-Jie , Cai Rui-Yun , You Zuo-Jiang , Jiang Xiao-Ming , Li Cuncheng
Published: January 2022

The thinnest copper sulfur monolayer was stabilized by covalent and cuprophilic interaction in an organic copper chalcogenide, which shows oriented photoconductivity.
An insight into SARS-CoV-2 structure, pathogenesis, target hunting for drug development and vaccine initiatives
Authors: Ghosh Arijit , Kar Paritosh K. , Gautam Anupam , Gupta Rahul , Singh Rajveer , Chakravarti Rudra , Ravichandiran Velayutham , Ghosh Dastidar Shubhra , Ghosh Dipanjan , Roy Syamal
Published: January 2022

The fundamental factors of Covid 19 research.
Current progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yin Xiaoqiang , Wu Tongchui , Lan Yadong , Yang Wulin
Published: January 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer worldwide. The onset of the disease is occult and develops rapidly. As a result, the disease is often detected when it is already in advanced stages, resulting in patients losing the best opportunity for liver transplantation and surgical treatment. Therefore, effective treatment of HCC is particularly important in clinical practice. During the past decades, there have been considerable advances in the treatment of HCC, and immunotherapy is increasingly recognized as a promising approach in clinical trials. In this review, an overview of immune checkpoint (ICP) inhibitors (ICIs) and their role in the treatment of liver cancers, particularly advanced HCC, is presented and the recent therapeutic progress with treatment with different ICIs alone or in combination with other methods/therapeutic agents is summarized. In addition, the identification of biomarkers to predict treatment response and the limitations of current ICIs are analyzed, and future directions for ICI treatment are discussed.
Mechanism of action of nucleotide excision repair machinery
Authors: D'Souza Areetha , Blee Alexandra M. , Chazin Walter J.
Published: January 2022

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a versatile DNA repair pathway essential for the removal of a broad spectrum of structurally diverse DNA lesions arising from a variety of sources, including UV irradiation and environmental toxins. Although the core factors and basic stages involved in NER have been identified, the mechanisms of the NER machinery are not well understood. This review summarizes our current understanding of the mechanisms and order of assembly in the core global genome (GG-NER) pathway.
Telepractice Considerations for Evaluation and Treatment of Voice Disorders: Tailoring to Specific Populations
Authors: Myers Brett , Hary Elizabeth , Ellerston Julia , Barkmeier-Kraemer Julie M.
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this clinical focus article is to provide recommendations for implementation of telepractice services for the evaluation and treatment of voice disorders and to use case examples to highlight the advantages of this modality of service delivery.

Method:

In this clinical focus article, key factors for successful telepractice evaluation and treatment of voice and related disorders are discussed relative to clinical outcome measures. Case examples of telepractice voice therapy are described for a pediatric, transgender, and chronic cough client including associated acoustic, auditory–perceptual, and quality-of-life treatment outcomes.

Results:

Acoustic, perceptual, and quality-of-life outcome measures demonstrated functional voice improvements after treatment using the telepractice modality. The pediatric client showed decreased perceptual voice strain and increased speech intelligibility. The transgender client showed increased habitual speaking fundamental frequency (pitch) and quality of life. The chronic cough client showed improved vocal hygiene and reduced cough severity.

Conclusions:

A review of the literature shows comparable outcomes for in-person and telepractice voice therapy, but special considerations must be made to ensure therapeutic success. We present three representative types of voice cases that illustrate implementation of voice evaluation and treatment using the telepractice modality. In all three cases, the clients' personal therapeutic goals were achieved without needing to travel to the clinic. Furthermore, asynchronous practice opportunities were found to be positive byproducts of using the telepractice modality.
Influences of Methodological Decisions on Assessing the Spatiotemporal Stability of Speech Movement Sequences
Authors: Wisler Alan , Goffman Lisa , Zhang Ling , Wang Jun
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

The spatiotemporal index (STI) is a widely used approach for measuring speech pattern stability across multiple repetitions of a stimulus. In this study, we examine how methodological choices in the implementation of the STI (including the number of repetitions, length of stimuli, and parsing procedure) can affect its value.

Method:

To evaluate how each methodological decision affects the STI, we use a synthetic data framework that allows for the generation of random productions of the template phrase “Buy Bobby a Puppy” at different stability levels. Within this framework, we conduct three experiments: Experiment 1 investigates the effects of the number of repetitions, Experiment 2 investigates the effects of stimulus length, and Experiment 3 investigates the effects of parsing errors.

Results:

In Experiment 1, we observed that STI values based on fewer repetitions will systematically underestimate larger repetition estimates. Experiment 2 showed that STI values will tend to be higher when calculated on longer (multimovement) stimuli independent of any differences in the stability of the underlying speech patterns. Finally, in Experiment 3, we showed that even minor parsing errors (≈ 10 ms) increase the value of the STI.

Conclusions:

The results of this study illustrate that even minor choices in the implementation of the STI can have a noticeable impact on the resulting value. These findings highlight the care that needs to be taken when designing studies and comparing STI values across studies to ensure that different STI values are capturing real differences in motion pattern stability rather than trivial methodological variation.
The Effects of Right Hemisphere Brain Damage on Question-Asking in Conversation
Authors: Minga Jamila , Fromm Davida , Jacks Adam , Stockbridge Melissa D. , Nelthropp Jennifer , MacWhinney Brian
Published: January 2022

Background:

Right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) can cause challenges with information gathering. Cognitive processes aid in implicit and explicit information gathering, yet the relationship between these processes and question-asking, the most explicit avenue of information gathering, has not been explored. The purpose of this exploratory descriptive study was to test the hypothesis that adults with RHD differ from controls in the types of questions produced during a conversational discourse task and whether observed differences are associated with cognitive limitations.

Method:

Adults with RHD (
n
= 15) and controls (
n
= 15) participated in a 5-min “first-encounter conversation” and were assessed for attention, memory, executive functioning (EF), visuospatial skills, and language domains using the Cognitive Linguistic Quick Test (CLQT). Questions produced during the conversation were coded and tallied by type: polar (yes/no), content (wh-), or alternative (A or B) using Computerized Language Analysis programs. Groups were compared on total questions used, use of questions by type, and CLQT domain scores; associations were computed between cognitive domain scores and question types.

Results:

Compared with controls, adults with RHD used half as many questions overall and scored significantly lower on the attention, executive function, and visuospatial domains of the CLQT. For the RHD group, there was a significant correlation between EF scores and the production of content and polar questions.

Conclusions:

The frequency of question-asking is important to understanding the communication profile in adults with RHD. Executive function, attention, and, to a lesser extent, visuospatial capabilities may contribute to question-asking behaviors in conversation in this population. The RHD Framework for Asking Questions is proposed to illustrate the potential areas of deficit in the question-asking process after RHD.
Their Words, Their World: A Paradigm for Culturally Relevant Family-Centered Intervention
Authors: Rosenzweig Elizabeth A. , Voss Jenna
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

This clinical focus article examines the relevant research regarding culturally responsive practices and its application in early intervention for communication disorders. Authors describe the ways in which language socialization varies by culture and the impact of family-centered intervention for communication development on this process. The profound mismatch of racial, cultural, and linguistic characteristics of the professional workforce and the families served is noteworthy. Speech-language pathologists and teachers of the deaf are invited to examine personal beliefs about culture and language by reflecting on fiveKey Realizations for Professionals. Through an ongoing process of self-reflection, practitioners will be better situated to deliver culturally relevant intervention practices that respect and enhance family talk to promote optimal child outcomes.

Conclusion:

By establishing guiding principles for culturally responsive intervention and demonstrating case study applications, the information presented in this article can help professionals improve their ability to deliver culturally relevant intervention.
Reactive power compensation method in modern power system facing energy conversion
Authors: Hu Zhen , Wang Ding , Shen Yangwu
Published: January 2022

The equivalent model of modern power system is more and more difficult to describe its complex stability characteristics, with the continuous promotion of power conversion. This paper proposes an improved equivalent method to consider the voltage deviation between the system side and the load side. On this basis, the voltage stability margin index is derived. Therefore, the relationship between voltage stability margin and reactive power compensation can be analyzed. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the method are verified by IEEE39 node system and actual provincial grid. The proposed method can obviously improve the voltage stability margin when applied to the small summer mode of the actual system. (The stability margin of the weakest node increased by 12.8%, and the average stability margin of the whole network increased by 1.5%.)
Differences between triggered lightning striking to ground and distribution line inferred from measured currents and electromagnetic fields
Authors: Cai Li , Hu Qiang , Wang Jianguo , Zhou Mi , Li Quanxin , Su Rui , Huang Yijun
Published: January 2022

In 2018–2019, two types of rocket‐triggered lightning tests, that is, striking to ground and distribution line, were conducted in Guangdong, China. The main focus of this paper is to compare the waveform parameters of the return strokes (RS) from the two tests. For current, the 10%–90% risetime of RS from lightning striking to distribution line is 2.4 times higher than that striking to ground, and the differences in the other parameters are small. For close magnetic field, the RS from lightning striking to distribution line have a lower peak (30% lower after considering the peak current) and a larger risetime and half‐peak width time; besides, it is necessary to divide the front edge of the close magnetic field waveform into two parts: leader (BL) and return stroke (BRS). For close electric field, the close RS electric field peak (ERS) was less sensitive to distance than the leader electric field peak (EL). For far electric field, the differences in waveform parameters of RS from the two tests were not significant, but after considering the peak current, the normalised initial electric field peak (EP) of RS from lightning striking to distribution line was 14% lower than that striking to ground.
CMC2R: Cross‐modal collaborative contextual representation for RGBT tracking
Authors: Liu Xiaohu , Luo Yichuang , Yan Keding , Chen Jianfei , Lei Zhiyong
Published: January 2022

The key challenge in RBGT tracking is how to fuse dual‐modality information to build a robust RGB‐T tracker. Motivated by CNN structure for local features, and visual transformer structure for global representations, the authors propose a two‐stream hybrid structure, termed CMC2R, to take advantage of convolutional operations and self‐attention mechanisms to lean the enhanced representation. CMC2R fuses local features and global representations under different resolutions through the transformer layer of the encoder block, and the two modalities are collaborated to get contextual information by the spatial and channel self‐attention. The temporal association is performed with the track query, each track query models the entire track of an object, and updated frame‐by‐frame to build the long‐range temporal relation. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method, and achieve the SOTAs performance.
A systematic approach towards realization of transmission zeros in TE01δ mode dielectric resonator filters with all iris couplings
Authors: Golzar Majid Hami , Kheirdoost Ali , Haghparast Maysam , Ahmadi Behzad
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a novel method using a coupling matrix to realize dielectric resonator filters with Transmission Zeros (TZs). This method eliminates the necessity of capacitive coupling in conventional DR filter designs with TZs. Using the proposed technique, the cross‐coupling sign can be changed systematically while the amplitude frequency response is kept unchanged. The method is independent of the filter physical structure and all design steps are based on coupling matrix equation and models. Therefore, unlike the extracted pole technique, this method not only does not require time consuming optimization in full wave simulations but also the extra resonator in this method helps in improving the group delay performance of the filter. After presenting the method, the calculated coupling matrix for a 7 × 4 DR filter will be realized using TE01δ mode of cylindrical dielectric resonators and simulation and measurement results will be compared.
Multi‐sectoral flexibility measures to facilitate wind and solar power integration
Authors: Kiviluoma Juha , O'Dwyer Ciara , Ikäheimo Jussi , Lahon Rinalini , Li Ran , Kirchem Dana , Helistö Niina , Rinne Erkka , Flynn Damian
Published: January 2022

As power systems evolve towards integrating higher shares of renewables, the demand for additional levels of flexibility is increased. Meanwhile, o‐ther energy consuming sectors, such as transport and heating, could provide flexibility when they move from fossil fuels to electricity. In this paper, the impact of a range of flexibility measures is assessed for the island system of Ireland, with a high share of renewable energy, particularly wind and solar. Flexibility measures studied include hybrid heating in domestic and industrial processes, smart charging of electric vehicles, renewable hydrogen, power to ammonia, peak shaving demand response and batteries. The novelty of this paper lies in directly quantifying the interactions and dependencies between different flexibility measures, with the objective of increasing the operational flexibility of an increasingly renewable energy‐dominated power system. Four different scenarios are modeled to explore this interplay between the different flexibility measures. The costs and benefits of several sector‐coupling measures. The scenarios have also been compared in terms of their influence on system inertia, renewable energy curtailment and non‐synchronous penetration levels. The results indicate the potential importance of electricity‐based heating in the industrial sector, smart charging of electric vehicles, batteries and power‐to‐ammonia, as part of achieving future targets
Assessing slope failure of soil erodibility problem by soil dispersive identification
Authors: Pahlevi Munirwan Reza , Munirwansyah Munirwansyah
Published: January 2022

Dispersive soils are becoming a common building material. Due to their susceptibility to internal erosion and leakage, dispersive soils should only be used in combination with precise engineering measures to avoid catastrophic failures. Dispersive soils stabilization is critical and has been investigated in several studies conducted throughout the world. Erosion is a significant issue in structures built on sloping contours. As was the case with St. 670+250 Lipat Kajang road in Aceh Singkil. Soil erosion happens as a result of water’s dispersion and transport force. Dispersive soil is one of the factors that contribute to an increase in the soil erodibility index. The objective of this research is to develop a method for enhancing the soil’s dispersive qualities. In this investigation, specimens were prepared in three different soil mix plans (10%, 20%, and 30%) and then tested using a pinhole. The quantity of erodibility that happens in Sta. 670 + 250 Lipat Kajang - Aceh Singkil Regency is based on the results of testing the soil's dispersive properties because the soil in this area is highly dispersive.
Do social restriction policies responding to COVID-19 pandemic associated with economic growth?
Authors: Fahlevi Heru , Rizky Saevic Teuku , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , A Djalil Muslim
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to examine the statistical relationship between restriction and containment policies in respond to COVID-19 pandemic and the countries’ economies. This study also maps countries based on their economic growth and the public mobilization restriction policies. The GDP growth was extracted from the economy prognosis from the International Monetary Fund. To determine the restriction policy level, the stringency index (SI) produced by the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) was used. The SI is between 0 – 100 in a range that is computed based on containment and closure policies, for instance, stay at home requirement and closure of public facilities, and public events. The SI used in this study is the average score of the first 3 months after the WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic (11 March 2020). Using the Spearman correlation test to investigate the relationship between GDP growth and restriction level in 166 countries, this study demonstrates a negative association between GDP growth and the SI. This means that countries that imposed stricter policies in the early COVID-19 pandemic tend to have higher GDP contraction. However, the correlation coefficient is relatively weak (-0.200), and thus, every government has the opportunity to reduce the unintended outcomes of restriction policies by providing economy and financial support packages for businesses, people, and other affected groups.
Schmerzmanagement in der psychiatrischen Pflege
Authors: Schmidt Simone
Published: January 2022

Körperliche Schmerzen bei psychiatrisch erkrankten Menschen sind differenziert zu beurteilen, da sie sowohl Ausdruck von physischem als auch psychischem Schmerz sein können. Das pflegerische Schmerzmanagement ist daher komplex und sollte multiprofessionell realisiert werden. Im Interventionskoffer erfahren Sie, wie mithilfe des „Expertenstandards Schmerzmanagement“ Schmerzen identifiziert werden können, um die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen zielgerichtet zu verbessern.