bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping hepatitis B virus genotypes on the African continent from 1997 to 2021: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Kafeero Hussein Mukasa , Ndagire Dorothy , Ocama Ponsiano , Kato Charles Drago , Wampande Eddie , Walusansa Abdul , Kajumbula Henry , Kateete David , Ssenku Jamilu E. , Sendagire Hakim
Published: April 2023

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has ten genotypes (A–J) and over 40 sub-genotypes based on the divergence of ≥ 8% and 4 to < 8% in the complete genome respectively. These genotypes and sub-genotypes influence the disease prognosis, response to therapy and route of viral transmission. Besides, infection with mixed genotypes and recombinant genotypes has also been reported. This study aimed at mapping the de novo genotypes and correlate them with the immigration trends in order to inform future research on the underlying reasons for the relative distribution of HBV genotypes from a large sample size pooled from many primary studies. Data was extracted from 59 full research articles obtained from Scopus, PubMed, EMBASE, Willy library, African Journal Online (AJOL) and Google Scholar. Studies that investigated the genotypes, sub-genotypes, mixed genotypes and recombinant were included. The Z-test and regression were used for the analysis. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42022300220. Overall, genotype E had the highest pooled prevalence significantly higher than all the other genotypes (P < 0.001). By region, genotype A posted the highest pooled prevalence in eastern and southern Africa, E in west Africa and D in north Africa (P < 0.0001). Regarding the emerging genotypes B and C on the African continent, genotype B was significantly higher in south Africa than C (P < 0.001). In contrast, genotype C was significantly higher in east Africa than west Africa (P < 0.0001). The A1 and D/E were the most diverse sub-genotypes and genotype mixtures respectively. Finally, we observed a general progressive decrease in the prevalence of predominant genotypes but a progressive increase in the less dominant by region. Historical and recent continental and intercontinental migrations can provide a plausible explanation for the HBV genotype distribution pattern on the African continent.
Proteomic analysis of plasma to identify novel biomarkers for intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation in preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Back Ji Hyun , Kim So Yeon , Gu Man Bock , Kim Hyeon Ji , Lee Kyong-No , Lee Ji Eun , Park Kyo Hoon
Published: April 2023

To identify potential plasma biomarkers associated with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and/or intraamniotic inflammation (IAI) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). This retrospective cohort study included 182 singleton pregnant women with PPROM (23–33 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis. Plasma samples; all subjects were chosen from these participants and were analyzed using label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for proteome profiling using a nested case–control study design (cases with MIAC/IAIvs. non-MIAC/IAI controls [n = 9 each]). Three identified target molecules for MIAC/IAI were further verified by ELISA in the study cohort (n = 182). Shotgun proteomic analysis revealed 17 differentially expressed proteins (P < 0.05) in the plasma of MIAC/IAI cases. In particular, the levels of FCGR3A and haptoglobin, but not LRP1, were found to be increased in the plasma of patients with MIAC, IAI, and both MIAC/IAI compared with those without these conditions. Moreover, these differences remained significant after adjusting for gestational age at sampling. The area under the curves of plasma FCGR3A and haptoglobin ranged within 0.59–0.65 with respect to each of the three outcome measures. Plasma FCGR3A and haptoglobin were identified as potential independent biomarkers for less-invasively detecting MIAC/IAI in women with PPROM.
Volcanic contribution to the 1990s North Pacific climate shift in winter
Authors: Wu Chi-Hua , Lee Shih-Yu , Tsai I-Chun , Shiu Chein-Jung , Chen Yi-Ying
Published: April 2023

It is debatable whether external forcing can change the state of the climate. By investigating decadal changes with and without including the 1990s stratospheric volcanic aerosols, we explored the volcanic eruptions contribution to decadal climate regime shifts occurring in boreal winter over the North Pacific. The volcanic eruptions contribution can be characterized as a series of rapid changes, including the strengthening and poleward shift of the midlatitude westerly jet stream. In addition to the short-lived radiative effects primarily induced by the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption, the volcanically driven decadal change can be observed in the mid-to-late 1990s, suggesting a time-lagged characteristic of the volcanic climate impact. Compared with the decadal change irrelevant to volcanic eruption, the decadal state more dramatically enters into the next phase when volcanic forcing is included. The climate oscillation-related pattern shifts that occurred across the 1990s can provide insights into volcanically induced changes in decadal atmospheric circulation.
Disruptive lysosomal-metabolic signaling and neurodevelopmental deficits that precede Purkinje cell loss in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick Type-C disease
Authors: Kim Sarah , Ochoa Kathleen , Melli Sierra E. , Yousufzai Fawad A. K. , Barrera Zerian D. , Williams Aela A. , McIntyre Gianna , Delgado Esteban , Bolish James N. , Macleod Collin M. , Boghos Mary , Lens Hayden P. , Ramos Alex G. , Wilson Vincent B. , Maloney Kelly , Padron Zachary M. , Khan Amaal H. , Blanco Rosa E. , Soto Ileana
Published: April 2023

Purkinje cell (PC) loss occurs at an early age in patients and animal models of Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC), a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the Npc1 or Npc2 genes. Although degeneration of PCs occurs early in NPC, little is known about how NPC1 deficiency affects the postnatal development of PCs. Using the Npc1nmf164 mouse model, we found that NPC1 deficiency significantly affected the postnatal development of PC dendrites and synapses. The developing dendrites of Npc1nmf164 PCs were significantly deficient in mitochondria and lysosomes. Furthermore, anabolic (mTORC1) and catabolic (TFEB) signaling pathways were not only perturbed but simultaneously activated in NPC1-deficient PCs, suggesting a loss of metabolic balance. We also found that mice with conditional heterozygous deletion of the Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome 10 gene (Pten-cHet), an inhibitor of mTORC1, showed similar early dendritic alterations in PCs to those found in Npc1-deficient mice. However, in contrast to Npc1nmf164 mice, Pten-cHet mice exhibited the overactivation of the mTORC1 pathway but with a strong inhibition of TFEB signaling, along with no dendritic mitochondrial reductions by the end of their postnatal development. Our data suggest that disruption of the lysosomal-metabolic signaling in PCs causes dendritic and synaptic developmental deficits that precede and promote their early degeneration in NPC.
The phase of plasticity-induced neurochemical changes of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are different from visual perceptual learning
Authors: Lin Shang-Hua N. , Lien Yun R. , Shibata Kazuhisa , Sasaki Yuka , Watanabe Takeo , Lin Ching-Po , Chang Li-Hung
Published: April 2023

Numerous studies have found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulates plasticity. rTMS has often been used to change neural networks underlying learning, often under the assumption that the mechanism of rTMS-induced plasticity should be highly similar to that associated with learning. The presence of visual perceptual learning (VPL) reveals the plasticity of early visual systems, which is formed through multiple phases. Hence, we tested how high-frequency (HF) rTMS and VPL modulate the effect of visual plasticity by investigating neurometabolic changes in early visual areas. We employed an excitatory-to-inhibitory (E/I) ratio, which refers to glutamate concentration divided by GABA+ concentration, as an index of the degree of plasticity. We compared neurotransmitter concentration changes after applying HF rTMS to the visual cortex with those after training in a visual task, in otherwise identical procedures. Both the time courses of the E/I ratios and neurotransmitter contributions to the E/I ratio significantly differed between HF rTMS and training conditions. The peak E/I ratio occurred 3.5 h after HF rTMS with decreased GABA+, whereas the peak E/I ratio occurred 0.5 h after visual training with increased glutamate. Furthermore, HF rTMS temporally decreased the thresholds for detecting phosphene and perceiving low-contrast stimuli, indicating increased visual plasticity. These results suggest that plasticity in early visual areas induced by HF rTMS is not as involved in the early phase of development of VPL that occurs during and immediately after training.
The criterion of development of processes of the self-organization of subsystems of the second level in tribosystems of diesel engine
Authors: Baranovskyi Denys , Myamlin Sergey
Published: April 2023

The paper shows the possibilities of processes in the tribosystems of diesel engines, ensuring the development of self-organization processes in them. The criterion for the possibility of development of processes of the self-organization of subsystems of the second level shows that in a real irreversible process there is a decrease in the flow of mechanical energy. The paper considers three cases of the possibility of developing the processes of self-organization of subsystems of the second level on the example of the tribosystem “crankshaft-insert” for the operating conditions of a diesel engine 10D100. It was determined that in order to reduce the wear rate of the tribosystems of diesel engine it is necessary to provide the flow of the energy-mass transfer process on their contacting surfaces of friction by the gradients of chemical potentials and dislocation density of the interacting materials. The obtained expression is the criterion of possibility of development of processes of the self-organization of subsystems of the second level which indicates that the system would lose the stability, if the density of mobile dislocations or the wear rate of the tribosystems of diesel engine increases.
Metabolic dysregulation impairs lymphocyte function during severe SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Gurshaney Sanjeev , Morales-Alvarez Anamaria , Ezhakunnel Kevin , Manalo Andrew , Huynh Thien-Huong , Abe Jun-Ichi , Le Nhat-Tu , Weiskopf Daniela , Sette Alessandro , Lupu Daniel S. , Gardell Stephen J. , Nguyen Hung
Published: April 2023

Cellular metabolic dysregulation is a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection that is a key determinant of disease severity. However, how metabolic perturbations influence immunological function during COVID-19 remains unclear. Here, using a combination of high-dimensional flow cytometry, cutting-edge single-cell metabolomics, and re-analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data, we demonstrate a global hypoxia-linked metabolic switch from fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial respiration towards anaerobic, glucose-dependent metabolism in CD8+Tc, NKT, and epithelial cells. Consequently, we found that a strong dysregulation in immunometabolism was tied to increased cellular exhaustion, attenuated effector function, and impaired memory differentiation. Pharmacological inhibition of mitophagy with mdivi-1 reduced excess glucose metabolism, resulting in enhanced generation of SARS-CoV-2- specific CD8+Tc, increased cytokine secretion, and augmented memory cell proliferation. Taken together, our study provides critical insight regarding the cellular mechanisms underlying the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on host immune cell metabolism, and highlights immunometabolism as a promising therapeutic target for COVID-19 treatment.
A high throughput bispecific antibody discovery pipeline
Authors: Segaliny Aude I. , Jayaraman Jayapriya , Chen Xiaoming , Chong Jonathan , Luxon Ryan , Fung Audrey , Fu Qiwei , Jiang Xianzhi , Rivera Rodrigo , Ma Xiaoya , Ren Ci , Zimak Jan , Hedde Per Niklas , Shang Yonglei , Wu George , Zhao Weian
Published: April 2023

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) represent an emerging class of immunotherapy, but inefficiency in the current discovery has limited their broad clinical availability. Here we report a high throughput, agnostic, single-cell-based functional screening pipeline, comprising molecular and cell engineering for efficient generation of BsAb library cells, followed by functional interrogation at the single-cell level to identify and sort positive clones and downstream sequence identification and functionality characterization. Using a CD19xCD3 bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) as a model, we demonstrate that our single-cell platform possesses a high throughput screening efficiency of up to one and a half million variant library cells per run and can isolate rare functional clones at a low abundance of 0.008%. Using a complex CD19xCD3 BiTE-expressing cell library with approximately 22,300 unique variants comprising combinatorially varied scFvs, connecting linkers and VL/VH orientations, we have identified 98 unique clones, including extremely rare ones (~ 0.001% abundance). We also discovered BiTEs that exhibit novel properties and insights to design variable preferences for functionality. We expect our single-cell platform to not only increase the discovery efficiency of new immunotherapeutics, but also enable identifying generalizable design principles based on an in-depth understanding of the inter-relationships between sequence, structure, and function.
Ethane dehydrogenation over manganese oxides supported on ZSM-5 zeolites
Authors: Pan Jian , Lobo Raul F.
Published: April 2023

Mn-ZSM5 catalysts are shown to have high reaction rates, C2H4selectivity and stability for ethane dehydrogenation reaction.
Beneficial vs. inhibiting passivation by the native lithium solid electrolyte interphase revealed by electrochemical Li+ exchange
Authors: Hobold Gustavo M. , Kim Kyeong-Ho , Gallant Betar M.
Published: April 2023

Electrolytes that achieve highest Li Coulombic efficiency display quantifiably higher rates of electrochemical Li+ exchange. The effect is attributed to their improved SEI and better-percolated Li deposits that boost Li+ exchange as the cell cycles.
Leveraging the bioeconomy for carbon drawdown
Authors: Dees John P. , Sagues William Joe , Woods Ethan , Goldstein Hannah M. , Simon A. J. , Sanchez Daniel L.
Published: April 2023

A review and analysis of opportunities for long-term carbon dioxide removal and storage in biomass-derived products.
Lab-in-a-fiber-based integrated particle separation and counting
Authors: Kumar T. , Harish A. V. , Etcheverry S. , Margulis W. , Laurell F. , Russom A.
Published: April 2023

We report on an all-fiber integrated device capable of separating via elasto-inertial focusing in flow through circular channels and counting particles.
Recent development of end-of-life strategies for plastic in industry and academia: bridging their gap for future deployment
Authors: Zheng Jackie , Arifuzzaman Md , Tang Xiaomin , Chen Xi Chelsea , Saito Tomonori
Published: April 2023

Bridging the gap between academia and industry in plastic recycling will accelerate innovation and deployment toward solving the global challenge of plastic waste management and establishing net zero carbon society.
Seven new triterpenoid saponins from Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus and the inhibition of high-glucose induced SV40 MES 13 cells
Authors: Zou Hai-dan , Liu Yan , Zhang Zhen-Peng , Wu Jia-Tong , Wang Jing , Pan Juan , Guan Wei , Kuang Hai-xue , Yang Bing-you
Published: April 2023

New compounds (1–7) and the published compounds (8–22) were isolated from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge) Hsiao and all compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity against SV40 MES 13 cells induced by high glucose.
Lanthanide metal–organic network featuring strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Parreiras Sofia O. , Moreno Daniel , Mathialagan Shanmugasibi K. , Muñiz-Cano Beatriz , Martín-Fuentes Cristina , Tenorio María , Černa Lenka , Urgel José I. , Lauwaet Koen , Valvidares Manuel , Valbuena Miguel A. , Gallego José M. , Martínez José I. , Gargiani Pierluigi , Miranda Rodolfo , Camarero Julio , Écija David
Published: April 2023

We report the design of an Er-directed metallosupramolecular network on Cu(111). The inspection of the magnetic properties reveals high out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy and large magnetic moments with Jz = 15/2.
First-principles surface reaction rates by ring polymer molecular dynamics and neural network potential: role of anharmonicity and lattice motion
Authors: Li Chen , Li Yongle , Jiang Bin
Published: April 2023

Ring polymer molecular dynamics simulations based on a neural network potential yield more reliable NO desorption rate constants than transition state theory by explicitly considering the significant change of surface local structure upon adsorption.
Fluoroalkyl phosphonic acid radical scavengers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Agarwal Tanya , Adhikari Santosh , Kim Yu Seung , Komini Babu Siddharth , Tian Ding , Bae Chulsung , Pham Nguyet N. T. , Lee Seung Geol , Prasad Ajay K. , Advani Suresh G. , Sievert Allen , Rasika Liyanage Wipula Priya , Hopkins Timothy E. , Park Andrew , Borup Rod
Published: April 2023

Fluoroalkyl phosphonic acids are demonstrated to be an efficient radical scavenger for Nafion™, showing a 58% lower fluoride emission rate than the state of the art, cerium.
A cation–π interaction confined graphene oxide membrane for separation of light paraffins and olefins
Authors: Chen Huiling , Guo Bing , Gong Dian , Fan Jingrui , Li Zhi , Wang Chuhao , Wang Lu , Yu Chengbing , Wang Chenyu , Zeng Gaofeng
Published: April 2023

Selective permeation of light paraffins over olefins, e.g., a propane to propylene ideal selectivity of 1817, is observed from a modified GO membrane, which is intercalated with metal ions.
An organic–inorganic solid–electrolyte interface generated from dichloroisocyanurate electrolyte additive for a stable Zn metal anode in aqueous Zn batteries
Authors: Liu Fangming , Wang Kuo , Li Qianrui , Zhang Guoli , Zhu Jiaqi , Liu Xiao-Xia , Sun Xiaoqi
Published: April 2023

A dichloroisocyanurate additive is introduced to the ZnSO4 electrolyte for aqueous zinc batteries. It generates an organic–inorganic solid–electrolyte interface on the Zn electrode and enhances the cycling stability.
Organocatalytic radical relay trifunctionalization of unactivated alkenes by a combination of cyano migration and alkylacylation
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Wang Yuchan , Li Jibin , Wei Zexuan , Feng Jie , Du Ding
Published: April 2023

The firstN-heterocyclic carbene organocatalytic three-component radical relay trifunctionalization of unactivated alkenes through the combination of remote 1,4-cyano migration and alkylacylation was reported.
Electronic and structural properties of Y6Pt13X4, site occupancy variants of the Ba6Na16N subnitride (X = Al, Ga)
Authors: Salamakha Leonid , Sologub Oksana , Stöger Berthold , Michor Herwig , Bauer Ernst , Rogl Peter , Mudry Stepan
Published: April 2023

Polar Y6Pt13X4 (X = Al, Ga) compounds feature Pt-filled Y6 octahedra embedded in the XPt3 framework.
Crystal structure and electronic properties of low-dimensional hexamethylenediaminium lead halide perovskites
Authors: Balanov M. I. , Brylev O. A. , Kevorkyants R. , Emeline A. V. , Selivanov N. I. , Chizhov Y. V. , Syuy A. V. , Shtarev D. S. , Korochencev V. V.
Published: April 2023

This work reports on hexamethylenediaminium lead halide perovskites. The increase in the perovskite bandgaps is solely due to the increase in the anion electronegativity. As the anion electronegativity increases, the valence band energy decreases.
Improved optical properties of phosphors-in-glass through the optimal size distribution of glass powder
Authors: Hong Mingdong , Chen Chao , Wang Huanping , Lei Ruoshan , Hua Youjie , Wang Zhiyang , Mo Zhiwei , Xu Shiqing
Published: April 2023

White-light diodes (WLEDs) are widely used in high-brightness applications owing to their outstanding advantages.
KNbO3photoelectrode for DSSC: a structural, optical and electrical approach
Authors: Cucatti Silvia , Gularte Luciano Timm , Fernandes Cristian Dias , Dadalto Carvalho Ramon , Ferrer Mateus Meneghetti , Gomes Jardim Pedro Lovato , Raubach Cristiane Wienke , da Silva Cava Sérgio , Moreira Mario Lucio
Published: April 2023

In this work, we present the potassium niobate (KNbO3) nanoparticles as a suitable mesoporous photoelectrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
Cathode material stability enhancement for layered manganese-based sodium-ion batteries by doping titanium
Authors: Xiao Qingmei , Mahmoodi Soroosh , Guo Ziting , Huang Jinchao , Zhong Shengwen
Published: April 2023

The cathode material of layered manganese-based sodium-ion batteries has attracted the extensive attention of industries due to its simple preparation, low cost, and high theoretical specific capacity.
Ternary Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide/phytic acid doped polyaniline hybrid based supercapacitive electrode with high capacitance retention and good cycling stability
Authors: Zhao Yaxiong , Zhou Ming , Ni Ruifeng , Li Yi , Huang Jiangyu , Li Zhenyu , Chen Jingyu
Published: April 2023

Herein, a ternary Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide/phytic acid (PA)-doped polyaniline (F-RGO-p-PANI) hybrid has been prepared and exhibits a high specific capacitance of 459.1 F g−1.
Future antimalarials fromArtemisia? A rationale for natural product mining against drug-refractoryPlasmodiumstages
Authors: Maciuk Alexandre , Mazier Dominique , Duval Romain
Published: April 2023

Non-artemisinin phytochemicals fromArtemisia annuaandA. afrainfusions may explain their activity against the drug-refractory hypnozoite and mature gametocyte stages ofPlasmodiumparasites, potentially constituting invaluable antimalarial hits.
Design of non-cytotoxic 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin-5-carboxylates with antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans
Authors: Zscherp Robert , Chakrabarti Aishi , Lehmann Anna P. , Schrey Hedda , Zeng Hoaxuan , Collisi Wera , Klahn Philipp
Published: April 2023

A five-step synthesis of DHCou and 4-MeDHCou is reported. Both compounds retain the antibiofilm activity of the parent Esculetin and 4-Methylesculetin against biofilms of S. aureus and C. albicans but lacking their cytotoxicity.
Stereoselective synthesis of β-lactams: recent examples
Authors: Saura-Sanmartin Adrian , Andreu-Ardil Laura
Published: April 2023

This review covers recent advances towards the stereoselective synthesis of β-lactam derivatives, which is a research topic of great interest due to the biological activity of these molecules.
An environmentally benign way to synthesize 2-thiocyano-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with high antifungal activity: a key role of solvent
Authors: Kirillov Andrey S. , Semenov Egor A. , Bityukov Oleg V. , Kuznetsova Maria A. , Demidova Valentina N. , Rogozhin Alexander N. , Glinushkin Alexei P. , Vil’ Vera A. , Terent'ev Alexander O.
Published: April 2023

The electrochemical synthesis of fungicidal thiocyanates from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and ammonium thiocyanate was developed. The high efficiency of electrochemical thiocyanation was only achieved using AcOH as the solvent.
Ultra-stiff and tough hydrogels based on small but strong hydrophobic associations via a low-reactive hydrophilic monomer
Authors: Yang Lei , Li Shuo , Zhao Zijian , Wang Jie , Lv Hongying , Yang Xiaoniu
Published: April 2023

Strong hydrophobic associations were formed between hydrophobic moiety-protected carbamate side groups of monomers, whose density and strength were regulated by using a low-reactive hydrophilic monomer to prepare ultra-stiff and tough hydrogels.
Narrowing down chain length effects on the antibacterial action of guanylated oligomers
Authors: Wyers Dries , Jirapanjawat Thanavit , Quinn John F. , Whittaker Michael R. , Greening Chris , Junkers Tanja
Published: April 2023

Synthesis of discrete guanylated antimicrobial oligomers through reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization followed by flash chromatography is described.
Electrophotocatalytic tri- or difluoromethylative cyclization of alkenes
Authors: Chen Danna , Yang Xuege , Wang Dongyin , Li Yanni , Shi Lou , Liang Deqiang
Published: April 2023

Photoelectrocatalysis is mild yet potent and this work unlocks the potential of unactivated alkenes for oxidant-free oxidative cyclization of alkenes.
Discovery of nontriterpenoids from the rot roots of Panax notoginseng with cytotoxicity and their molecular docking study and experimental validation
Authors: Shang Jia-Huan , Qiao Yi-Jun , Zhu Hong-Tao , Wang Dong , Yang Chong-Ren , Zhang Ying-Jun
Published: April 2023

Nine new nontriterpenoids were identified from Panax notoginseng rot roots, and their cytotoxicities may be related to the EGFR inhibition.
Improved redox synthesis of Mn–Co bimetallic oxide catalysts using citric acid and their toluene oxidation activity
Authors: Xie Chongrui , Li Luming , Zhai Xuxu , Chu Wei
Published: April 2023

The CR method was used to synthesize a nanorod CoO2/α-MnO2 catalyst with large specific surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies.
Three-in-one: exploration of co-encapsulation of cabazitaxel, bicalutamide and chlorin e6 in new mixed cyclodextrin-crosslinked polymers
Authors: Pancani Elisabetta , Veclani Daniele , Agnes Marco , Mazza Arianna , Venturini Alessandro , Malanga Milo , Manet Ilse
Published: April 2023

Three-in-one: a single bCyD polymer easily prepared in water is used to co-encapsulate cabazitaxel and bicalutamide with chlorin e6 affording a nanoplatform to implement multimodal cancer therapy.
pH-Tunable electrokinetic movement of droplets
Authors: Rashidi Mansoureh , Benneker Anne M.
Published: April 2023

Electrophoretic droplet movement can be inversed by changing the pH when amphoteric surfactants are used. This is of relevance for soil remediation and lab-on-a-chip separation strategies.
Bifunctional and regenerable molecular electrode for water electrolysis at neutral pH
Authors: Das Biswanath , Toledo-Carrillo Esteban A. , Li Guoqi , Ståhle Jonas , Thersleff Thomas , Chen Jianhong , Li Lin , Ye Fei , Slabon Adam , Göthelid Mats , Weng Tsu-Chien , Yuwono Jodie A. , Kumar Priyank V. , Verho Oscar , Kärkäs Markus D. , Dutta Joydeep , Åkermark Björn
Published: April 2023

Ruthenium containing molecular electrocatalyst onto pyridine modified, fluorine-doped carbon cloth represents an efficient, bifunctional, and regenerable electrode for water electrolysis at pH 7.
Boosting the photocatalytic CO2conversion efficiency of MOFs using a solid electron conveyor
Authors: Gu Xiaofei , Huang Tianyi , Hong Yixin , Wu Yafeng , Wang Zhi , Zhang Yuanjian , Liu Songqin , Han Jianyu
Published: April 2023

A semiartificial photosynthesis system containing a solid electron hyperchannel to cavity-confined enzymes with an activated conformation is constructed for enhanced photocatalytic CO2reduction.
Elucidating the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics on defect engineered nanocarbon electrocatalyst: interplay between the N-dopant and defect sites
Authors: Bhardwaj Sakshi , Kapse Samadhan , Dan Soirik , Thapa Ranjit , Dey Ramendra Sundar
Published: April 2023

For oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the active sites of a defective N-doped graphene are predicted by a quantum mechanics/machine learning approach; the synthesized catalyst shows exemplary ORR activity that was further confirmed by a DFT study.
High-efficiency absorption and acoustoelectric conversion in heterogeneous nanofibers: a two-pronged approach to full-frequency de-noising
Authors: Fan Ziyao , Wu Shuanglin , Fang Kaiyang , Tang Feng , Zhang Leibing , Huang Fenglin
Published: April 2023

This work introduces a straightforward yet effective method for producing a bilayer nanofibrous film to tackle full-frequency noise. The special structure results in a synergistic effect on noise absorption and acoustoelectric conversion.
Molecule stapling-assisted fabrication of high-quality CsPbI2Br films for efficient and stable photovoltaic modules
Authors: Chen Ruihao , Du Jieru , Zheng Xuan , Yang Yuyao , Yuan Li , Yang Yang , Li Feiming , Wang Hongqiang
Published: April 2023

Perfluorodioate ions effectively regulate/stabilize the high-quality CsPbI2Br films to inhibit moisture invasion and halide segregation, producing a high-performance module with an efficiency of 12.35% (total area of 16 cm2) with excellent stability.
Formamidinium iodide for instantaneous and fluorescent detection of Pb2+ in water
Authors: Laskar Md Ashiqur Rahman , Rahman Md Tawabur , Reza Khan Mamun , Maruf Abdullah Al , Ghimire Nabin , Logue Brian , Qiao Quinn
Published: April 2023

Pb2+ detected in water within three seconds. Formamidinium Iodide shows excellent fluorescence quenching with addition of Pb2+ due to FAPbI3 perovskite formation. Wide linear detection range of Pb2+, 100 nM to 1 mM. Detection limit of 100 nM for Pb2+ and excellent selectivity.
An efficient local multi‐energy systems planning method with long‐term storage
Authors: Ma Jiahao , Zhang Ning , Wen Qingsong , Wang Yi
Published: April 2023

Long‐term storage will play a crucial role in future local multi‐energy systems (MES) with high penetration renewable energy integration for demand balancing. Local MES planning with long‐term energy storage is essentially a very large‐scale program because numerous decision variables, including binary variables, should be used to model long‐term energy dependencies for accurate operational cost estimation. How to largely reduce decision variables as well as guarantee the planning model accuracy becomes one main concern. To this end, this paper proposes a novel efficient aggregation and modeling method for local MES planning. The aggregation method first decomposes input time series data (renewable energy output and energy demand) into hourly and daily components, based on which more accurate aggregation results with a few typical scenarios can be derived. By incorporating similar decomposition into the operation model of energy devices, the planning model can describe the long‐term energy cycle and the hourly operation characteristic at the same time and yield accurate optimization results with limited complexity. Experimental results show that the proposed method can considerably decrease the complexity of the problem while maintaining agreement with the results based on the optimization of the full‐time series.
Tight power and energy coupling constraints of energy storage resources for unit commitment
Authors: Yu Yaowen , Yan Bing , Gao Yijie , Li Yuanzheng , Sun Liangliang
Published: April 2023

Energy Storage Resources (ESRs) can help promote high penetrations of renewable generation and shift the peak load. However, the increasing number of ESRs and their features different from conventional generators bring computational challenges to operations of wholesale electricity markets. In order to improve the computational efficiency, this paper tightens the generic ESR formulation for unit commitment. To avoid the complexity caused by ESR operations in both discharge and charge directions, a novel “decoupled analysis” is conducted to analyze one direction at a time. For each direction, ESRs over two and three time periods are categorized into several types based on their parameters. For each type, our recent four‐step systematic formulation tightening approach is used to construct the corresponding tight formulation. In order to consider more periods without analyzing all the drastically increased number of types, a series of major types are selected based on how many periods an ESR is able to discharge (charge) consecutively at the upper power limit. A related generic form of tight constraints over multiple periods is established. Moreover, validity and facet‐defining proofs of our tight constraints have been provided. Numerical testing results illustrate the tightening process and demonstrate computational benefits of the tightened formulations.
Research on assessment method for main insulation state of converter transformer based on time‐frequency domain dielectric response
Authors: Zhang Yizhou , Yun Hao , Zhang Mingze , Lei Shengjie , Sun Yufei
Published: April 2023

The converter transformer is an essential part of the DC transmission system. Compared with the traditional oil‐impregnated AC transformer, the main insulation of the converter transformer bears more complex electric field aging stress during long‐term operation. The influence of the proportion of AC components in the AC/DC composite electric field on insulation aging is still unclear. Therefore, a combined aging test platform of composite electric field and thermal was built in the laboratory, and accelerated aging tests of oil‐paper insulation under different AC/DC ratios were carried out. Through the time‐frequency domain dielectric response characteristics of oil‐paper insulation, the quantitative relationship between the time‐frequency domain dielectric response characteristic parameters and AC proportional coefficient in different aging stages was obtained. The results show that the influence of the AC component on the aging of the oil‐impregnated pressboard is more prominent. The maximum relaxation polarization time and the maximum exponential coefficient of polarization–depolarization current (PDC) can effectively characterize the aging of oil‐paper insulation. Meanwhile, to accurately assess the insulation state of the converter transformer, this paper established the equivalent dielectric relaxation model for the main insulation structure. A quantitative assessment method for moisture content and aging of oil‐paper insulation based on time‐frequency domain dielectric response was proposed. The influence of transformer oil conductivity, test temperature, and main insulation structure was eliminated. The effectiveness of this method was verified by comparative tests, the maximum error for DP is 20, and the maximum error for moisture content is 0.15%. The research results of this paper can provide theoretical support for on‐site assessment of converter transformer insulation status.
Study on tightening characteristics of flareless pipe joint assembly process
Authors: Tang Jie , Liao Zhenhua , Yang Peixin , Zeng Jie
Published: April 2023

The assembly process of flareless pipe joints is very important for the sealing performance of hydraulic pipeline system. Based on the theory of contact mechanics, a theoretical model of the assembly process of pipe joints is established to simulate the extrusion moulding process of flareless pipe joints. It is found that tightening torque is an important factor affecting the sealing performance of pipe joints. By comparing the changes of the contact stress between the sleeve and the pipe joint under different tightening tortures, combined with the mechanical transfer and deformation results of the contact surface, the results show that the fitting situation of the sleeve and the pipe is good when the expansion pressure is 180 MPa, and the sealing performance of the pipe joint is good when the tightening tortures are between 15 and 18 N·m. Considering that the contact surface is a clearance fit, the mean value error of contact stress obtained by simulation verifies that the accuracy of the torsional relationship formula is very high.
The optimal design and research of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicle applications
Authors: Niu Lianbo , Zhang Mingzhu
Published: April 2023

An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) with “VV—” shape rotor topology structure is proposed, and its performances are compared with “V” shape and “V—” shape rotor topology structure. The results show that the performances including output average torque, reluctance torque, torque ripple, cogging torque, iron loss of the IPMSM with “VV—” shape is better than the other two rotors. Firstly, the parameters which have great influence on the torque and the efficiency of the IPMSM are analyzed and optimized. The no‐load back electromotive force (EMF) of three different optimized rotor topology structures are analyzed and compared, the results show that the no‐load back EMF of the IPMSM with “VV—” shape topology structure has the lowest total harmonic distortion rate (THD). Secondly, the torque of the IPMSM with “VV—” shape under different current angles, current densities and speeds are analyzed and compared with the other two rotors. The results show that the torque performance of the IPMSM with “VV—” shape rotor topology structure is better than that of the other two. Finally, aiming at the problems that the torque ripple and cogging torque of the IPMSM with “VV—” shape rotor topology structure are greatly increased when the iron loss is reduced, This paper proposes to add a set of circular flux isolation holes between the second layer and the third layer of permanent magnets, and the position and diameter of this set of circular flux isolation holes are optimized and adjusted. The results show that the torque ripple and cogging torque of the IPMSM with the further optimized “VV—” shape rotor topology structure are greatly reduced, and the THD of no‐load back EMF is also further reduced, which has great significance to reduce vibration and noise, improve the control accuracy of the IPMSM.
Comparison of chromospheric diagnostics in a 3D model atmosphere
Authors: Pandit Sneha , Wedemeyer Sven , Carlsson Mats , Szydlarski Mikołaj
Published: April 2023

Context. The Hα line, one of the most studied chromospheric diagnostics, is a tracer of magnetic field structures, while the intensity of its line core provides an estimate of the mass density. The interpretation of Hα observations is complicated by deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) or instantaneous statistical equilibrium conditions. Meanwhile, millimetre (mm) continuum radiation is formed in LTE, and therefore the brightness temperatures from Atacama Large Millimetre-submillimetre Array (ALMA) observations provide a complementary view of the activity and the thermal structure of stellar atmospheres. These two diagnostics together can provide insights into the physical properties of stellar atmospheres, such as their temperature stratification, magnetic structures, and mass density distribution.

Aims. In this paper, we present a comparative study between synthetic continuum brightness temperature maps at mm wavelengths (0.3 mm to 8.5 mm) and the width of the Hα 6565 Å line.

Methods. We used the 3D radiative-transfer codes Multi3D and Advanced Radiative Transfer (ART) to calculate synthetic spectra for the Hα line and the mm continua, respectively, from an enhanced network atmosphere model with non-equilibrium hydrogen ionisation generated with the state-of-the-art 3D radiation magnetohydrodynamics (rMHD) code Bifrost. We use a Gaussian point spread function (PSF) to simulate the effect of ALMA’s limited spatial resolution and calculate the Hα versus mm continuum correlations and slopes of scatter plots for the original and degraded resolution of the whole box, quiet sun, and enhanced network patches separately.

Results. The Hα linewidth and mm brightness temperatures are highly correlated and the correlation is highest at a wavelength of 0.8 mm, that is, in ALMA Band 7. The correlation systematically increases with decreasing resolution. On the other hand, the slopes decrease with increasing wavelength. The degradation of resolution does not have a significant impact on the calculated slopes.

Conclusions. With decreasing spatial resolution, the standard deviations of the observables, Hα linewidth, and brightness temperatures decrease and the correlations between them increase, but the slopes do not change significantly. These relations may therefore prove useful in calibrating the mm continuum maps observed with ALMA.
Estimation of the Photovoltaic Potential on Rooftops in the City of San Pedro Sula, Cortés, Honduras
Authors: Villanueva Cárdenas Laura , Villatoro Flores Héctor
Published: April 2023

Honduras is a country that is making a transition away from fossil fuels and towards sustainable energy sources. Currently in San Pedro Sula there is not an accurate data that represent an estimate of photovoltaic potential per district. Calculating an estimate of the photovoltaic potential is important to know how much decentralized energy can be replaced on the energy matrix by photovoltaic energy and thus be able to achieve an energy matrix that has 100% renewable energy in the country. In this study, we calculated an estimate of the rooftop solar power potential over ten out of the twenty districts in the city of San Pedro Sula using globally available solar radiation data from Meteonorm combined with a building polygon, the analysis of the photovoltaic potential was completed using two photovoltaic modules. The annual rooftop solar power potential in San Pedro Sula under Scenario A was of 2.04 GWp and for Scenario B was of 1.88 GWp. This approach of combining Meteonorm data with building polygons can be easily applied in other parts of the country. These findings can provide useful information for policymakers and contribute to local planning for cleaner renewable energy.
A new two-dimensional blood flow model with arbitrary cross sections
Authors: Rosales-Alcantar Cesar Alberto , Hernández-Dueñas Gerardo
Published: April 2023

A new two-dimensional model for blood flows in arteries with arbitrary cross sections is derived. The domain consists of a narrow, large vessel that extends along an axial direction, with cross sections described by radial and angular coordinates. The model consists of a system of balance laws for conservation of mass and balance of momentum in the axial and angular directions. The equations are derived by applying asymptotic analysis to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a moving domain with an elastic membrane, and integrating in the radial direction in each cross section. The resulting model is a system of hyperbolic balance laws with source terms. The main properties of the system are discussed and a positivity-preserving well-balanced central-upwind scheme is presented. The merits of the scheme will be tested in a variety of scenarios. In particular, simulations using an idealized aorta model are shown. We analyze the time evolution of the blood flow under different initial conditions such as perturbations to steady states, which parametrizes a bulging in a vessel’s wall. We consider different situations given by distinct variations in the vessel’s elasticity.
Three Aedes species infested by mermithids in France
Authors: Martinet Jean-Philippe , Aatif Issam , Depaquit Jérôme
Published: April 2023

Mermithid nematodes (Nematoda, Mermithidae) parasitising mosquitoes could be useful as biological agents for the control of host populations. Nine female mosquitoes belonging to the species Aedes cantans, Ae. communis, and Ae. rusticus were found parasitised by mermithids in Northern France. Sequencing of partial 18S rDNA showed 100% sequence homology for all processed specimens. The mermithid sequences were closely related to specimens previously recorded from Anopheles gambiae in Senegal. However, 18S sequences do not allow for identification of nematodes at the genus or species level. Our specimens could also be related to Strelkovimermis spiculatus, or belong to other genera not yet sequenced such as Empidomermis, the only mermithid genus recorded from mosquitoes in France.
Optimal resource allocation model in disaster situations for maximizing the value of operational process resiliency and continuity
Authors: Ebrahimi-Sadrabadi Mahnaz , Ostadi Bakhtiar , Sepehri Mohammad Mehdi , Kashan Ali Husseinzadeh
Published: April 2023

Organizations need to apply resilience and business continuity in industry to protect themselves against the crises and destructive events. Also, the growing expansion of competition in the global market and the increasing crisis in the world have increased the importance of optimal resource allocation. With the optimal resource allocation, huge losses and damages to organizations are prevented. The problem of resource allocation can be raised alongside the criteria of process resilience and continuity. Therefore, organizations change their perspective from focusing solely on reducing vulnerability to increasing resilience and continuity against to accidents in crises and destructive situations. The objective of this paper is proposed a mathematical model for optimal resource allocation with the aim of minimizing the lack of process resilience and maximizing the process continuity. So, the organization can continue to operate with available resources in times of crisis and lack of resources. Also, main activities and processes are not interrupted by crises and destructive events. After solving the model using a case study (textile industry), the results of the model were described and it was found that destructive events were recovered before the tolerance threshold and crisis and destructive events did not interrupt activities and processes.
Videogestütztes Feedbacktraining als präventives Techniktraining – Eine exploratorische Studie
Authors: Schulte Sarah , Heil Jessica , Büsch Dirk
Published: April 2023

Hintergrund Im Sport wird angenommen, dass ein dynamischer Knievalgus bei einbeinigen Landungen einen relevanten Verletzungsmechanismus des vorderen Kreuzbands darstellt. Während bestehende effektive Präventionsprogramme zur Reduktion des Knievalgus primär auf die Verbesserung allgemeiner konditioneller und/oder koordinativer Einflussgrößen ausgerichtet sind, fokussiert ein Video-Feedback-Training die Korrektur individueller Defizite in der sportlichen Technik, um u. a. ein potenzielles Verletzungsrisiko zu reduzieren.

Ziel Evaluation der kurz- und insbesondere mittel- und langfristigen Wirksamkeit eines Video-Feedback-Trainings zur Veränderung des frontalen Kniewinkels bei einbeinigen Landungen.

Methode Im Rahmen einer exploratorischen Studie wurden 10 sportlich aktive Personen (Alter: 25 ± 5 Jahre, Größe: 170,8 ± 4,5 cm) getestet. Diese führten in Anlehnung an das Landing Error Scoring System (LESS-Test) einbeinige Drop-Jumps in einem Pretest, in einer Aneignungsphase mit Video-Feedback und 2 Retentionstests 2 und 6 Wochen nach der Aneignungsphase ohne Video-Feedback aus. Das Video-Feedback wurde in der Aneignungsphase bei jedem zweiten Sprung und zusätzlich selbstbestimmt auf Nachfrage über ein Expertenmodell mit neutraler Kniestellung im Overlay-Modus aus der Frontalperspektive gegeben.

Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse wurden nach Sprung- und Nichtsprungbein der Proband*innen differenziert. Sie zeigen eine bedeutsame Verringerung des frontalen Kniewinkels für das Sprungbein (F1, 9 = 10,43, p = 0,01, η2
p = 0,54, 95 % CI [0,04; 0,74]) bei einbeinigen Landungen in der Aneignungsphase, jedoch keine statistisch bedeutsame Verringerung für das Nichtsprungbein (F1, 9 = 4,07, p = 0,08, η2
p = 0,31, 1-β = 0,44). Im Retentionstest nach 6 Wochen nähert sich der frontale Kniewinkel beidseitig dem Ausgangsniveau aus dem Pretest wieder an.

Schlussfolgerung Ein Video-Feedback-Training bietet sich als einfach durchzuführendes, alternatives Verletzungspräventionsprogramm an. Eine fehlende mittel- und langfristige Veränderung und hohe Variabilität des frontalen Kniewinkels lassen eine mehrfache und/oder regelmäßige Durchführung eines Video-Feedback-Trainings sinnvoll erscheinen. In weiteren Studien mit Kontrollgruppendesign und unterschiedlichen Feedback-Prozeduren wird systematisch zu prüfen sein, ob eine längerfristige Reduktion eines potenziellen Verletzungsrisikos des vorderen Kreuzbands erreicht werden kann.