bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demystifying Area and Perimeter: A Practitioner’s Guide to Strategies That Work
Authors: King Sarah , Rojo Megan , Bryant Diane Pedrotty
Published: May 2022

An understanding of concepts related to geometric measurement is considered to be critical to the development of individuals’ mathematics knowledge. Specifically, the National Mathematics Advisory Panel’s 2008 report listed the skills of area and perimeter as foundational for algebra readiness. Yet, this content knowledge continues to be an underdeveloped skill area for many school-age children and especially those with learning disabilities. This article provides educators with the following four strategies that are grounded in research and can be implemented during instruction on area and perimeter: (a) instruction using manipulatives, (b) focusing on salient variables within problems, (c) utilizing visual-chunking representations, and (d) incorporating contextualized scenarios and experiences.
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Thrombocytopenia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Ebrahim Hussen , Kebede Bizuneh , Tilahun Mihret , Debash Habtu , Bisetegn Habtye , Tesfaye Melkam
Published: May 2022

Background

Thrombocytopenia is a common hematological abnormality during gestation. Pregnant women with severe thrombocytopenia may be associated with a higher risk of excessive bleeding during or after delivery. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women attending antenatal care services at Dessie comprehensive and specialized hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2021. Using a systematic random sampling technique, a total of 294 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data of study participants. Four ml of venous blood were collected from each pregnant woman and a complete blood count was determined using DIRUI BF 6500 automated hematology analyzer. Data were entered into Epidata version 4.6.0 and then exported into SPSS version 24.0. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results

A total of 294 pregnant women who visited antenatal care services at Dessie comprehensive specialized hospital were included. The mean (±SD) age of the study participants was 29.7 (±6.1) years. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women was 9.9% (95% CI: 6.5, 13.6). A mild type of thrombocytopenia is the major type and accounted for 72.4% whereas moderate thrombocytopenia and severe thrombocytopenia accounted for 17.2% and 10.4% respectively among pregnant women. Multivariate logistic regression showed that urban residents (AOR: 0.206,95% CI, 0.055-0.748), gestational ages within the first trimester (AOR: 0.183, 95% CI, 0.057-0.593) and gestational ages within the second trimester (AOR = 0.264, 95% CI, 0.092-0.752) were significantly associated and independent predictors of thrombocytopenia in pregnant women.

Conclusion

In this study, the prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 9.9% and the mild type of thrombocytopenia (72.4%) was higher than the other type of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, residence and gestational age (trimester) were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia. Therefore, the platelet count should be routinely determined during the antenatal care visit for proper diagnosis and to minimize bleeding during and or after childbirth.
Active vibration control of heavy platform-struts structure
Authors: Wu Chuang , Yang Jinan , Liu Xuxing , Jiao Sujuan , Long Xinhua
Published: May 2022

To tackle the active control problem of the heavy platform-struts structure, this paper designs a kind of hydraulic servo actuator that can withstand large static load and generate high-precision, small-amplitude dynamic forces as well, and develops a multi-channel cross-coupling suppression control algorithm that can consider the strong coupling effect in structure. Subsequently, combining the designed actuators with the control algorithm, this paper puts forward an active heavy platform-struts structure vibration control method. By embedding the designed actuators into the support struts, a platform-struts structure experimental system is constructed to assess the vibration suppression effect of the proposed method. Excited by the amplitude-varying disturbing force, four different kinds of experiments are conducted. The experimental results show that the distributed multi-channel adaptive active control method without considering the coupling effect will lead to the instability, and the vibration attenuation of the proposed method in this paper exceeds 90%. The proposed method therefore has an important potential in addressing the problem of vibration suppression in the practical engineering. In addition, it has strong convergence and robustness.
Monoclonal-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and breast cancer: A retrospective study in an oncology clinic
Authors: Silva Paula Nogueira da , Valente Patrícia Marques Soares , Castilho Selma Rodrigues de
Published: May 2022

Monoclonal antibodies, such as trastuzumab and rituximab, significantly contribute to the oncological therapeutic arsenal. However, they may be associated with the development of cardiotoxicity. This study collected data from clinical records of patients in the use of rituximab and trastuzumab in a private oncology clinic from 2017 to 2019. It also investigated cardiovascular adverse drug reactions and associated risk factors. Cardiotoxicity was defined as symptomatic in the presence of signs and symptoms suggestive of heart failure (HF) such as dyspnea, nocturnal cough, and fatigue, among others. Asymptomatic HF was confirmed by the decline in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥10% of baseline or LVEF ≤50%. Among the 57 patients undergoing trastuzumab, 12 patients (21%) had cardiotoxicity and 8 patients (67%) had extreme or high-risk scores in the cardiotoxicity risk assessment algorithm. Among the 37 patients treated with rituximab, 3 patients (8%) had cardiotoxicity. The presence of previous diabetes mellitus significantly increased the risk of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity ( p = 0.02). However, none of the other risk factors influenced the incidence of trastuzumab- and rituximab-induced cardiotoxicity, which the sample size may explain. More studies are needed to investigate the association of risk factors with cardiotoxicity induced by trastuzumab and rituximab, aiming to establish strategies to prevent and manage this effect early.
A slender body theory for the motion of special Cosserat filaments in Stokes flow
Authors: Garg Mohit , Kumar Ajeet
Published: May 2022

The motion of filament-like structures in fluid media has been a topic of interest since long. In this regard, a well known slender body theory exists, wherein the fluid flow is assumed to be Stokesian while the filament is modeled as a Kirchhoff rod which can bend and twist but remains inextensible and unshearable. In this work, we relax the inextensibility and unshearability constraints on filaments, i.e., the filament is modeled as a special Cosserat rod. Starting with the boundary integral formulation of Stokes flow involving the filament’s surface velocity and fluid traction that acts on the filament surface, the method of matched asymptotic expansion is used to first obtain a leading-order representation of the boundary integral kernels in the filament’s aspect ratio. We then substitute Fourier series expansion (in filament’s circumferential coordinate) of both the filament’s surface velocity and fluid traction in the aforementioned leading-order representation and further linearize it in the rod’s shear strains to reduce the two-dimensional boundary integral over the filament surface into a line integral over the filament’s centerline. Upon further collecting the coefficients of sine and cosine terms, the zeroth-order Fourier mode yields a line integral equation relating the rod’s centerline velocity with the distributed fluid force that acts on the filament. The presence of line integral makes the relation non-local in nature. On the contrary, the first-order Fourier mode yields a simpler local relation between the rod’s angular velocity and the distributed fluid couple. The line integral equation is shown to reduce to the classical slender body theory when shear strains and axial strain are set to zero. The non-dimensional governing equations of the special Cosserat rod are also derived accounting for the distributed fluid force and distributed fluid couple in them which are solved to obtain the filament motion. The presented theory is demonstrated with an example problem of the tumbling of filaments in background shear flow. We show that for relatively shorter filaments where the effect of shear and axial stretch is more dominant, the obtained results deviate from the ones based on the classical slender body theory.
Antioxidant and emulsifying properties of a galactose-rich heteropolysaccharide from Plinia cauliflora peels
Authors: Miranda Bruna M. , Almeida Viviane O. , Batista Karla A. , Fernandes Kátia F. , Silva Flávio A.
Published: May 2022

In this study functional properties of a galactose-rich heteropolysaccharide (GH) were accessed. The bands of a galactose-rich polysaccharide were found in FTIR spectra, including those from the fingerprint region. GH was characterized as a dark-red material (L* 25.86 ± 0.75, a* 9.46 ± 1.01, b* 0.65 ± 0.14, Chroma 9.48 ± 1.02) with antioxidant activity of 21.5 ± 0.08, 12.1 ± 0.06 and 0.46 ± 0.04 mmol Trolox Eq/mg GH in FRAP, DPPH and ABTS, respectively. GH presented 44.9% of esterification degree and 10.73 ± 0. 01 mg of GAE/g. The production parameters of GH emulsions (GH concentration, time and ultrasound power) were optimized using a 23 Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). Emulsion droplets presented particle size (d µm) varying from 0.823 ± 0.065 to 1.926 ± 0.151, polydispersity index (PDI) from 0.10 ± 0.05 to 0.40 ± 0.01 and zeta potential from −29.25 ± 3.98 to −33.75 ± 1.77. Finally, the high emulsifying activity (EA) (96.67%) and emulsion stability (ES) (97.44%) allow suggesting that GH is a promising polysaccharide for food applications.
EpiBuilder: A Tool for Assembling, Searching, and Classifying B-Cell Epitopes
Authors: Moreira Renato Simões , Filho Vilmar Benetti , Calomeno Nathália Anderson , Wagner Glauber , Miletti Luiz Claudio
Published: May 2022

Epitopes are portions of a protein that are recognized by antibodies. These small amino acid sequences represent a significant breakthrough in a branch of bioinformatics called immunoinformatics. Various software are available for linear B-cell epitope (BCE) prediction such as ABCPred, SVMTrip, EpiDope, and EpitopeVec; a well-known BCE predictor is BepiPred-2.0. However, despite the prediction, there are several essential steps, such as epitope assembly, evaluation, and searching for epitopes in other proteomes. Here, we present EpiBuilder ( https://epibuilder.sourceforge.io ), a user friendly software that assists in epitope assembly, classifying and searching using input results of BepiPred-2.0. EpiBuilder generates several output results from these data and supports a proteome-wide processing approach. In addition, this software provides the following features: Chou & Fasman beta-turn prediction, Emini surface accessibility prediction, Karplus and Schulz flexibility prediction, Kolaskar and Tongaonkar antigenicity, Parker hydrophilicity prediction, N-glycosylation domains, and hydropathy. These information generate a unique topology for each epitope, visually demonstrating its characteristics. The software can search the entire epitope sequence in various FASTA files, and it allows to use BLASTP to identify epitopes that eventually have sequence variations. As an EpiBuilder application, we developed a epitope dataset from the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the gram-positive bacterium Clostridioides difficile, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The development, validation and application of remote blood sample collection in telehealth programmes
Authors: Koulman Albert , Rennie Kirsten L , Parkington Damon , Tyrrell Carina SB , Catt Michael , Gkrania-Klotsas Effrossyni , Wareham Nicholas J
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The ability to collect blood samples remotely without the involvement of healthcare professionals is a key element of future telehealth applications. We developed and validated the application of the Drawbridge OneDraw device for use at home for blood sample collection. The device was then applied in a large population-based remote monitoring study to assess changes in SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels.

Methods

We tested: (1) feasibility of participants using the device at home without a healthcare professional on the upper arm and thigh sites (2) stability of the dried blood sample collected remotely (3) participant acceptability of the device compared with finger-prick and venous blood samples and the validity of SARS-CoV-2 virus antibody measurement versus venous blood sample (4) application to the Fenland COVID-19 study in which 4023 participants at 3 timepoints across 6 months.

Results

Participant acceptability was high, with a significantly lower median perceived pain score and 76% of participants preferring the OneDraw device over the other blood collection methods. There was high level of agreement in SARS-CoV-2 virus antibody results with venous blood samples in 120 participants (Cohen's kappa 0.68 (95% CI 0.56, 0.83). In the Fenland COVID-19 study, 92% of participants returned a sample at baseline (3702/4023), 89% at 3 months (3492/3918) and 93% at 6 months (3453/3731), with almost all samples received successfully processed (99.9%).

Discussion

The OneDraw device enables a standardised blood sample collection at home by participants themselves. Due to its ease-of-use and acceptability the OneDraw device is particularly useful in telehealth approaches where multiple samples need to be collected.
Foreign language learning boredom and enjoyment: The effects of learner variables and teacher variables
Authors: Li Chengchen
Published: May 2022

The past decade has witnessed a surge of research interest in diverse emotions that foreign/second language (L2) learners experience. However, research on L2 boredom is just starting. The current study focuses on foreign language learning boredom (FLLB) and foreign language enjoyment (FLE), and examines how they are associated with a wide range of learner-internal variables and teacher-centered variables. A total of 868 current university students in China studying English as a foreign language (FL) participated in a questionnaire survey. Correlation results show the following: (1) there was a strong negative correlation between FLE and FLLB; (2) FLE was positively linked to multiple learner-internal variables (self-perceived FL proficiency, relative standing among peers, attitudes towards the FL, the teacher, and FL-related culture) and teacher-related variables (the use of FL in class, enthusiasm, predictability, and friendliness), while negatively linked to learner age and onset age of FL learning; (3) these significant correlates of FLE were linked to FLLB in an opposite way. When the significant variables were entered into the regression models, attitudes toward the FL stood out as the strongest learner-internal predictor of both FLE and FLLB, while teacher friendliness was shown to be the strongest teacher-related predictor of both emotions. The findings show that FL emotions are contingent on the interplay between learners and teachers. In accordance with the findings, I recommend that enjoyment-boosting and boredom-reducing activities be incorporated into FL classrooms.
Understanding EFL university teachers’ synchronous online teaching belief change
Authors: Sun Peijian Paul
Published: May 2022

To sustain students’ continuous learning in a Covid-19 pandemic context, schools and universities have shifted traditional classroom teaching to synchronous online teaching. However, there is limited understanding of acceptance and adoption of synchronous online teaching by university teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL). This study, therefore, examined EFL university teachers’ synchronous online teaching beliefs before and after the outbreak of Covid-19 in China drawing on Davis’s technology acceptance model. A total of 257 EFL university teachers participated in this study. Data were collected through a questionnaire which was designed to measure participants’ actual use (AU), attitudes toward use (ATU), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), facilitating conditions (FC), social norms (SN), and self-efficacy (SE) in two synchronous online teaching conditions: before and after the Covid-19. The study showed that in-service EFL university teachers’ actual use of synchronous online teaching was subject to social (i.e. social norms), institutional (i.e. facilitating conditions), and individual (i.e. perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, self-efficacy, and attitudes toward use) levels. The main change of teachers’ synchronous online teaching beliefs, due to the Covid-19, was that perceived usefulness became a significant predictor of teachers’ actual use of synchronous online teaching, whereas perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness changed to be insignificant predictors of teachers’ attitudes toward use of synchronous online teaching. Implications for teacher training and service were discussed to better support EFL university teachers’ synchronous online teaching in the future.
The flexural behaviour of composite sandwich beams with a lattice-web reinforced wood core
Authors: Wang Yuntian , Han Juan , Huo Ruili , Fang Hai , Chen Jiye , Liu Weiqing
Published: May 2022

In this study, the flexural behaviour of lattice-web reinforced composite sandwich beams was investigated. The innovative composite sandwich beams consisted of glass fibre reinforced composite materials as the surface layer and web, Paulownia wood and South Pine as the core material. While keeping the external size unchanged, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wood cores were formed by the vacuum infusion process at one time, to develop a different number of lattice-webs. In addition, the wood beam was used as a control. A four-point bending test was carried out on all specimen beams. The equivalent bending stiffness, equivalent shear stiffness, mid-span deflection of the specimens and bearing capacity were analysed. There is a larger plateau stage in the latter part of the load-midspan deflection curve of the beams strengthened by the lattice-web, which means the beams had ductile failure characteristics. Furthermore, the type of wood core greatly influenced the flexural behaviour of the composite sandwich beam, and the optimum lattice-web number of the Paulownia specimen is 2, and that of the South Pine specimen is 3.
Socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health in Japan, 32 European countries and the United States: an international comparative study
Authors: Tanaka Hirokazu , Nusselder Wilma J. , Kobayashi Yasuki , Mackenbach Johan P.
Published: May 2022

Aims:

Japan is known as a country with low self-rated health despite high life expectancy. We compared socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health in Japan with those in 32 European countries and the US using nationally representative samples.

Methods:

We analysed individual data from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions (Japan), the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (US) in 2016. We used ordered logistic regression models with four ordinal categories of self-rated health as an outcome, and educational level or occupational class as independent variables, controlling for age.

Results:

In Japan, about half the population perceived their health as ‘fair’, which was much higher than in Europe (≈20–40%). The odds ratios of lower self-rated health among less educated men compared with more educated were 1.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.61–1.85) in Japan, and ranged from 1.67 to 4.74 in Europe (pooled; 2.10 (95% CI 2.01–2.20)), and 6.65 (95% CI 6.22–7.12) in the US. The odds ratios of lower self-rated health among less educated women were 1.79 (95% CI 1.65–1.95) in Japan, and ranged from 1.89 to 5.30 in Europe (pooled; 2.43 (95% CI 2.33–2.54)), and 8.82 (95% CI 8.29–9.38) in the US. Socioeconomic inequalities were large when self-rated health was low for European countries, but Japan and the US did not follow the pattern.

Conclusions:

Japan has similar socioeconomic gradient patterns to European countries for self-rated health, and our findings revealed smaller socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health in Japan compared with those in western countries.
Using Natural Language Processing to Identify Effective Influencers
Authors: Fang Xing , Wang Tianfu
Published: May 2022

Identifying the right influencers for brands is often the starting point for a successful influencer campaign. However, influencer identification is understudied, and most previous studies have only discussed visible characteristics of influencers and their social networks, overlooking content-based metrics. Combining interdisciplinary theories and techniques from marketing, linguistics, and computer science, we propose a data-driven automated text analysis framework to identify characteristics of effective influencers using influencer posts. Specifically, we propose a model that incorporates influencer personality traits captured by natural language processing, accounting for traditional covariates, such as network structure and follower engagement. In addition, we use a dataset that attributes influencer social media activities to customer purchases to address fake engagement and showcase our automated textual analysis. The proposed framework can help marketers develop influencer profiles and predict optimal influencers for their campaigns.
Aboriginal cultural values framework: producing and communicating Bunurong values and meanings within Bunurong Country
Authors: Tutchener David , Turnbull Dan
Published: May 2022

This article discusses social spaces within Bunurong Country, Australia, and the production and recording of Aboriginal cultural values. Among the broader Australian community, there is a considerable appetite for the incorporation of ‘authentic’ Aboriginal cultural values into various Western processes, such as the planning, heritage and environmental sectors. This article argues that by establishing Aboriginal control of how these values are produced, significant cultural meanings and connections can be made in relation to Country. Utilizing a ‘two toolbox’ approach as a way to integrate Aboriginal and Western structures, it outlines and explains a framework for discussing Aboriginal cultural values, as defined by Bunurong knowledge holders, as a tool to record and link the context of these values to community-generated outcomes. This framework is designed to be applied as a method for recording Aboriginal cultural values within cultural landscapes, to produce social spaces with meaning and dignity for Bunurong people.
Factors affecting teachers’ transfer of ICT training: Considering usefulness and satisfaction in a PLS-SEM transfer training model
Authors: Tzafilkou Katerina , Perifanou Maria , Economides Anastasios A
Published: May 2022

The success of the teachers’ trainers’ transfer of training can be affected by several factors like teaching self-efficacy, motivation to learn and transfer, and intention to transfer the gained skills and knowledge. This study seeks to analyze the structural relationships among the above-mentioned constructs by integrating the constructs of perceived usefulness and satisfaction of the ICT training programme. The analysis is conducted on quantitative data collected from 117 teacher educators participating in a national programme on “Teachers training on the use and application of digital technologies in the teaching practice” in Greece. Results of the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) revealed that perceived usefulness and satisfaction of the training programme had a significant positive effect on the teachers’ self-efficacy and intention to transfer the gained ICT training knowledge and skills. Also, pre-training and post-training self-efficacy exerted a direct influence on the teachers’ intention to transfer, motivation to transfer, and motivation to learn. The potential contribution and practical implications in the field of adult education and teachers’ continuing professional development are discussed in the paper.
Black Women Leaders: Going High in a World of Lows
Authors: Lanier Dequies A. , Toson Sonia J. , Walley-Jean J. Celeste
Published: May 2022

The Problem

Although relevant to some leaders, existing leadership theories and frameworks lack sociocultural support for Black women leaders. Furthermore, despite its roots in developing people, the field of human resource development (HRD) has historically taken a hegemonic approach that does not support the leadership development of Black women. Current research in the field is limited in its application of sociocultural perspectives of leadership that explain the dilemmas of Black women leaders. This is a critical deficiency that is exacerbated in times of crises.

The Solution

We examine the practical application of traditional theories such as transformational and servant leadership in relation to the social identity of Black women leaders. We propose a conceptual development framework that considers the foundations of transformational and servant leadership but applies a sociocultural lens that better aligns with the needs of the Black women leaders. We further conclude that sociocultural frameworks are needed within leadership development programs to support Black women leaders.

The Stakeholders

HRD practitioners and researchers, Black women leaders in the workforce, and organizational leaders.
Asian Indians in the United States and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Interventions: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Contractor Ateka A. , Rafiuddin Hanan S. , Kaur Kiran , Asnaani Anu
Published: May 2022

Topic. Limited research has examined trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Asian Indians in the U.S. Thus, we (1) synthesize literature on trauma, PTSD, disparities in treatment for PTSD, the burden of untreated PTSD, and culturally-adapted (CA) PTSD interventions; and (2) discuss recommendations for clinicians/researchers working with this population.

Method. We searched two databases using keywords related to Asian Indians, PTSD, and interventions. Of 238 identified articles, we used content from 26 articles to inform our review.

Findings. Asian Indians report traumatic experiences before, during, or after immigration to the U.S. and consequential PTSD symptoms. Further, Asian Indians in the U.S. are disproportionately impacted by socio-cultural and economic determinants of poor mental health (e.g., shame/stigma associated with seeking mental health services, few culturally-responsive services), which may contribute to the under-reporting of PTSD and (interpersonal) traumas and less willingness to seek treatment. Additionally, CA PTSD interventions tailored to Asian Indians in the U.S. have not been developed. Socio-cultural considerations that can inform CA PTSD interventions for Asian Indians include: causal conditions (e.g., culturally-rooted beliefs about trauma/PTSD), intervening conditions/barriers (e.g., emotional inhibition), and mitigating/coping strategies (e.g., religious/spiritual practices, cultural idioms of distress). These considerations influence clinician/treatment preferences (e.g., solution-oriented and structured therapy, less emotional exposure). Lastly, we outline recommendations for clinicians/researchers: (1) need for national studies on trauma, PTSD, treatment utilization, and the burden of untreated PTSD; (2) consideration of immigration-related experiences influencing PTSD; (3) consideration of socio-cultural elements for CA PTSD interventions; and (4) need for culturally-valid PTSD assessments.
Physician-Modified Stent-Grafts Created in the Three-Dimensionally Aortic Template Have Better Reliability and Greater Alignment With the Target Vessels Than Stent-Grafts Modified Based on Measurements From Computed Tomography
Authors: Rynio Pawel , Gutowski Piotr , Kazimierczak Arkadiusz
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Physician-modified stent-grafts (PMSG) are widely used, especially when a patient’s condition precludes waiting for a custom-made device. In recent years, the modification process has been upgraded using 3-dimensional (3D) aortic templates. Nonetheless, the reliability of PMSG and accuracy of fenestration alignment with the target vessel are not known. Thus, the study is aimed to fulfill the gap in current knowledge.

Materials and Methods:

Ten computed tomographic (CT) scans of aortic aneurysm previously treated with the fenestrated endovascular repair were selected to 3D-print aortic templates and elastic vessel phantoms. Two vascular surgeons performed fenestrations using the 3D template and modification plan based on CT measurements. Two operators each performed 10 fenestrated stent-grafts in the aortic template and 10 using CT measurements, for a total of 40 fenestrated stent-grafts. Then, stent-grafts were implanted in elastic vessel phantoms, which served to evaluate fenestration alignment with the target vessel. The alignment was judged in a 5-point scale: 0%, 1% to 25%, 26% to 50%, 51% to 75%, and 76% to 100%. The distances between fenestrations served to calculate interobserver variability for both methods. The measurements were processed as interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearson and Spearman correlation, and Bland-Altman plots.

Results:

PMSG created with a 3D template had higher interclass correlation coefficient values and Pearson/Spearman correlation than fenestrations created from CT measurements. The rate of fenestration alignment with the target vessel was higher for PMSG created with a 3D template (p=0.007).

Conclusions:

PMSGs created with a 3D template are more reliable and have better fenestration alignment with the target vessel than PMSGs created based on CT measurements.
Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers for Glioblastoma Based on Transcriptome and Proteome Association Analysis
Authors: Wang Jiabin , Yan Shi , Chen Xiaoli , Wang Aowen , Han Zhibin , Liu Binchao , Shen Hong
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. This study aimed to identify significant prognostic biomarkers related to GBM.

Methods:

We collected 3 GBM and 3 healthy human brain samples for transcriptome and proteomic sequencing analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between GBM and control samples were identified using the edge R package in R. Functional enrichment analyses, prediction of long noncoding RNA target genes, and protein-protein interaction network analyses were performed. Subsequently, transcriptomic and proteomic association analyses, validation using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and survival and prognostic analyses were conducted. Then the hub genes directly related to GBM were screened. Finally, the expression of key genes was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results:

Totally, 1140 transcripts and 503 proteins were significantly up- or down-regulated. A total of 25 genes were upregulated and 62 were downregulated at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. Results from TCGA database showed that 84 of these 87 genes matched with transcriptome sequencing results. A Cox regression analysis suggested that Fibronectin 1( FN1) was a prognostic risk factor. The qPCR results showed that FN1 was significantly upregulated in GBM samples.

Conclusions:

FN1 may play a role in GBM progression through ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. FN1 may be considered as a prognostic biomarkers related to GBM.
A Sociotechnical Systems Framework for the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care Delivery
Authors: Salwei Megan E. , Carayon Pascale
Published: May 2022

In the coming years, artificial intelligence (AI) will pervade almost every aspect of the health care delivery system. AI has the potential to improve patient safety (e.g., diagnostic accuracy) as well as reduce the burden on clinicians (e.g., documentation-related workload); however, these benefits are yet to be realized. AI is only one element of a larger sociotechnical system that needs to be considered for effective AI application. In this paper, we describe the current challenges of integrating AI into clinical care and propose a sociotechnical systems (STS) approach for AI design and implementation. We demonstrate the importance of an STS approach through a case study on the design and implementation of a clinical decision support (CDS). In order for AI to reach its potential, the entire work system as well as clinical workflow must be systematically considered throughout the design of AI technology.
Redefining Motherhood: How Formerly Incarcerated Black Mothers Frame Mothering Choices
Authors: Banks Erica
Published: May 2022

Black mothers have never fit the hegemonic white standard of motherhood. The bad mother narrative has been superimposed on Black women through controlling images. Through in-depth interviews with formerly incarcerated Black mothers, I demonstrate how formerly incarcerated Black women invert controlling images through how they frame their mothering choices. Their reframing of their mothering choices reveals that formerly incarcerated Black mothers have mothering practices that entail good mothering and goes beyond the white imaginary. These mothering practices reveal a redefinition of motherhood that provides greater understanding of how formerly incarcerated Black mothers understand and make sense of their mothering choices.
Stent-assisted coiling of unruptured paraclinoid aneurysms with wide neck or unfavorable dome-to-neck ratio: Results of ventral wall vs dorsal wall with propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Ni Heng , Hang Yu , Liu Sheng , Jia Zhen-Yu , Shi Hai-Bin , Zhao Lin-Bo
Published: May 2022

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coil embolization of unruptured wide-necked paraclinoid aneurysms based on the projection distribution.

Methods

Between November 2015 and September 2020, 267 unruptured paraclinod aneurysms in 236 patients were identified with a wide neck or unfavorable dome-to-neck ratio and treated with stent-assisted coiling technique. The classification of this segment aneurysms was simplified to the dorsal group (located on the anterior wall) and ventral group (Non-dorsal). Following propensity score matching analysis, the clinical and radiographic data were compared between the two groups.

Results

Among 267 aneurysms, 186 were located on the ventral wall and 81 were on the dorsal wall. Dorsal wall aneurysms had a larger size ( p < .001), wider neck ( p = .001), and higher dome-to-neck ratio ( p = .023) compared with ventral wall aneurysms. Propensity score-matched analysis found that dorsal group had a significantly higher likelihood of unfavorable results in immediate (residual sac, 39.4% vs. 18.2%, p = .007) and follow-up angiography (residual sac, 14.8% vs. 1.9%, p = .037) compared with ventral group, with significant difference in recurrence rates (9.3% vs. 0%, p = .028). The rates of procedure-related complications were not significantly different, but one thromboembolic event occurred in the dorsal group with clinical deterioration.

Conclusions

Traditional stent-assisted coiling can be given preference in paraclinoid aneurysms located on the ventral wall. The relatively high rate of recurrence in dorsal wall aneurysms with stent assistance may require other treatment options.
Occupied Towns in Poland: Housing, Property and the Urban Space during the Shoah
Authors: Wierzcholska Agnieszka
Published: May 2022

As elsewhere in Poland, the German occupation deeply disrupted the relations and social dynamics between the non-Jewish population and the Jews in Tarnów from the very first day. Investigating housing, property and the urban space in a society under occupation, in a Kräftefeld dominated by the German occupiers, offers new insights into this relationship. It traces the notions of an ethnically encoded urban space back into the interwar period. It shows, how ethnic Poles came to understand the urban landscape as a battlefield already before 1939, and links this discourse to their subsequent stance towards the German occupation. Since almost half of Tarnów's inhabitants was of Jewish origin, the rapid expropriation of Jewish businesses and real estate and the subsequent murder of their owners in 1942 offered opportunities to non-Jewish Poles to become trustees. While the German occupiers where the primary beneficiaries, local inhabitants took part in the pillage. Some resisted. After the liquidation of the ghetto, few traces of the city's Jewish history and heritage remained.
Associations between executive functions, intelligence and adaptive behaviour in children and adolescents with mild intellectual disability
Authors: Gravråkmo Sissel , Olsen Alexander , Lydersen Stian , Ingul Jo Magne , Henry Lucy , Øie Merete G
Published: May 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of everyday executive functions in relation to intelligence and adaptive behaviour in children and adolescents with mild intellectual disability. Method: A group of children and adolescents, previously diagnosed with mild intellectual disability were assessed according to intelligence, everyday executive functions and adaptive behaviour. The association between everyday executive functions and intelligence was examined, and it was explored whether intelligence or everyday executive functions would best predict adaptive behaviour. Results: Adaptive behaviour was significantly predicted by executive functions, but not by intelligence. Nor was intelligence significantly related to everyday executive functions in this group. Conclusions: Although fundamental in diagnosing intellectual disability, intelligence cannot predict adaptive behaviour. Assessing everyday executive functions and adaptive behaviour, as well as acknowledging the strong association between them, provides valuable information in the process of optimizing developmental support for children and adolescents with mild intellectual disability.
Racial differences in late-onset Blount disease
Authors: Klyce Walter , Badin Daniel , Gandhi Jigar S , Lee R Jay , Horn B David , Honcharuk Erin
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Blount disease is most common among obese Black children. The reason for Blount’s racial predisposition is unclear. Given that obesity is a risk factor for Blount disease and the known associations between race, obesity, and socioeconomic status in the United States, we hypothesized that socioeconomic status and severity of obesity differ between Black and non-Black children with late-onset Blount disease. We additionally examined differences in treatment types between Black and non-Black children.

Methods:

One hundred twenty-five patients from two institutions were included. Age at presentation, age of onset, body mass index, race, sex, and treatment type were recorded. These variables were compared between Black and non-Black children. Insurance type and estimated household income were used as markers of socioeconomic status.

Results:

Of the 125 patients with late-onset Blount disease, body mass index percentiles were higher for Black patients (96th ± 12th percentile) than non-Black patients (89th ± 22nd percentile) ( p = 0.04). Black patients also had lower estimated incomes (US$48,000 ± US$23,000 vs US$62,000 ± US$30,000) ( p = 0.01) and much higher rates of Medicaid enrollment (69% vs 24%) ( p < 0.01) than did non-Black patients. Regarding treatment types, osteotomy was more common among Black patients (60%) than non-Black patients (38%) ( p = 0.033).

Conclusion:

The race-related associations we found between obesity and socioeconomic status suggest that non-genetic factors may contribute to observed racial differences in the prevalence of Blount disease.

Level of evidence:

level III.
Treatment of paediatric Lisfranc injuries: A systematic review and introduction of a novel treatment algorithm
Authors: Paek Samuel , Mo Michelle , Hogue Grant
Published: May 2022

Background:

Pediatric Lisfranc injuries (PLI) are rare injuries that have few studies published about their occurrence and treatment in pediatric population. Due to this lack of information, the diagnostic criteria and surgical or non-surgical methods for treatment have not been clearly established within the pediatric orthopedic literature. The objective of this study was to review the published literature related to treatment options and develop a concise stepwise treatment algorithm for pediatric patients presenting with Lisfranc injuries.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed to find studies discussing the treatment of PLI with reported long-term outcomes. Data collection accounted for the mechanism of injury, diagnostic imaging modality used, injury type, fracture classification using the Myerson system, treatment method used, and postoperative complications.

Results:

An initial PubMed search revealed 290 articles, but only 10 studies fulfilled the criteria for in-depth review. A total of 114 patients were included in this review from the selected case reports and case series studies. Primary treatment methods were as follows: 44% (50/114) with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) using Kirschner wires (K-wires) and/or screws, 3% (3/114) with closed reduction percutaneous fixation (CRPF), 4% (4/114) with suture-button constructs, 20% (23/114) with cast immobilization, and 29% (33/114) were described as not requiring reduction.

Conclusion:

There were two main limitations to this study. First, there are few published studies with longitudinal outcomes of PLI treatment. Second, some case series did not disclose which procedure a patient with post-treatment complications underwent. Therefore, an overall statistical analysis of success and failure rates with associated complications of each procedure could not be conducted. In conclusion, we found that a stepwise approach to evaluating conservative and surgical treatment options based on the presentation of the PLI should be utilized to optimize long-term outcomes.
Influencers and Major Themes in a Gifted Education Community of Practice on Twitter
Authors: Miller Erin Morris , Jolly Jennifer L. , Latz Jacqueline N. , Listman Kelsi
Published: May 2022

Twitter is a valuable resource for research because of its potential to provide insight into public opinion as well as to identify the most influential sources of information. Mixed-methods exploratory analysis was used to evaluate the discourse on Twitter regarding gifted education. The results of the quantitative analysis of the matrix of connections using NodeXL Pro indicate that gifted education Twitter is a cohesive network and that the top influencers are organizations and educational consultants. Sentiment analysis using Linguistics Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC2015, Pennebaker et al., 2015) software indicates that tweets related to gifted education have a mix of positive and negative emotive tone. The qualitative analyses suggest that gifted education professionals and parents engage in Twitter in similar ways to what has been described in past research: to share interesting articles and videos, to discuss current issues, promote one's ideas, and seek opportunities.
Uncovering the Mechanism of Chuanhong Stroke Capsule in the Treatment of Stroke Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhao De-xi , Kan Jun-Ming , Wang Jun , Chen Xin , Yu Zi-Qiao , Zhao Wei-sen , Han Mo-Xuan , Li Jinhua
Published: May 2022

Background and Objective: Chuanhong Stroke Capsule (CHSC) has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) patients. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of CHSC in treating CIS using bioinformatics. Methods: The active compounds of CHSC were screened by searching Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacological Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Swiss absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Besides, the potential targets of active compounds were obtained through TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction databases. CIS targets were obtained from GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. CHSC-CIS intersection targets were identified by matching the two, and prediction and analysis of biological functions and pathways of intersection targets was used the enrichments of gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Furthermore, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, herb-target, and compound-target network of CHSC-CIS were constructed by Cytoscape3.7.2, and herb-compound-pathway network was drawn with Sankey diagram. Finally, AutoDock was used for molecular docking verification, and identifying the active binding sites in target proteins. Results: A total of 293 putative targets were obtained from 62 active compounds in CHSC. Among them, 209 targets were related to CIS. PPI network showed that the top 16 key targets were RELA, JUN, FOS, MAPK1, AKT1, etc. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that CHSC was enriched in PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and TNF signaling pathways. In addition, GO enrichment analysis showed the significant enrichment of CHSC in the following categories: kinase binding, cellular response to nitrogen compound, etc. Network topology analysis showed that quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, etc., were the key components in CHSC. Finally, molecular docking studies suggested that the active components in CHSC had a good binding ability with the key targets. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that CHSC exerted the effect in treating CIS by the characteristics of multi-target and multi-pathway, thereby providing a theoretical basis for further study of the effective components and mechanism of CHSC in the treatment of CIS.