INDEX ASSESSMENT OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE AND ORAL HYGIENE OF PATIENTS AT THE PREOPERATIVE STAGE OF TREATMENT OF GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS II-III DEGREE
Authors: Futrak I.M. 
Published: March 2024

A significant concern in modern dentistry is the increasing prevalence of periodontitis among the Ukrainian population. At present, there is a high frequency of diagnosis for initial-І degree and II-degree periodontitis in our country. However, a comprehensive comparative chronological analysis of index evaluation of periodontal tissues before the beginning of surgical treatment of generalized periodontitis of II and III degree of severity and after its completion has not yet been carried out, which determined the relevance of this study. Therefore, this study aims to address this gap in the literature.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of periodontal tissues of patients at the preoperative stage of generalized periodontitis ІІ-ІІІІ degree treatment using periodontal and hygienic indices.

Materials and Methods. Analysis of periodontal indices (PMA, PBI, Rtg-index, HEC, and tooth mobility

score) was performed in 39 patients with GP II degree and 21 patients with GP III degree. Assessment of oral cavity hygiene by the OHI-S index was performed in patients with GP II-III degree and compared with data from 30 practically healthy people without dental diseases. The classification of M.F. Danilevsky (1994) with the additions of I.S. Mashchenko (2002) was used to evaluate the condition of periodontal tissues. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the software packages for statistical analysis of data from biomedical research “Microsoft Excel” and “Statistica”.

Results and Discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the values of periodontal indices: PMA ranged from 49.90±2.28% in patients with GP II degree to 64.25±3.22% in patients with GP III degree, p<0.01; PBI in patients with GP III degree was 1.2 times lower than in patients with GP II degree (2.39±0.05 points vs. 2.86±0.07 points, p<0.01; tooth mobility in patients with GP II degree was 2.00±0.10 points and was 1.5 times lower than in patients with GP III degree (2. 98±0.13 points), p<0.01; the value of HEC in patients with GP III degree was 1.5 times higher than in patients with GP II degree (3.57±0.10 mm vs. 2.45±0.08 mm, p<0.01); the values of Rtg-index in patients with GP ranged from 2.45±0.08 points in patients with GP II degree to 1.49±0.06 points in patients with GP III degree. According to the OHI-S index, in the control group and in patients with GP II degree, the values of the analyzed parameter were 1.82±0.13 points and 2.26±0.14 points, p<0. 05, while in patients with GP III degree the value of OHI-S index (2.92±0.16 points) corresponded to poor hygiene of oral cavity and exceeded the value in the control group by 1.6 times, p<0.01, and in patients with GP II degree by 1.3 times, p1<0.01.

Conclusions. Thus, the need for comprehensive treatment of GP II-III degree was emphasized by high index scores of periodontal indices, which in patients with GP III degree were significantly higher compared with similar data in patients with GP II degree, p<0.01. The assessment of the hygienic state of the oral cavity in patients of both the comparison group and patients with advanced forms of GP degree the need to strengthen and improve individual, professional and motivational measures in this cohort of subjects.