bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low Maternal Immunoglobulin G Avidity and Single Parity as Adverse Implications of Human Cytomegalovirus Vertical Transmission in Pregnant Women with Immunoglobulin M Positivity
Authors: Kaneko Masatoki , Muraoka Junsuke , Kusumoto Kazumi , Minematsu Toshio
Published: May 2021

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of neurological sequelae in infants. Understanding the risk factors of primary CMV infection is crucial in establishing preventive strategies. Thus, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify risk factors of vertical transmission among pregnant women with immunoglobulin (Ig) M positivity. The study included 456 pregnant women with IgM positivity. Information on age, parity, occupation, clinical signs, IgM levels, and IgG avidity index (AI) was collected. The women were divided into infected and non-infected groups. The two groups showed significant differences in IgM level, IgG AI, number of women with low IgG AI, clinical signs, and number of pregnant women with single parity. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, pregnant women with single parity and low IgG AI were independent predictors. Among 40 women who tested negative for IgG antibody in their previous pregnancy, 20 showed low IgG AI in their current pregnancy. Among the 20 women, 4 had vertical transmission. These results provide better understanding of the risk factors of vertical transmission in pregnant women with IgM positivity.
The Role of Respiratory Viruses in Children with Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Authors: Méndez-Echevarría Ana , Caminoa María Belén , del Rosal Teresa , Casas Inmaculada , Pozo Francisco , Pascual-Pascual Samuel Ignacio , García-Romero Mar , Cámara Carmen , Calvo Cristina
Published: May 2021

Background: The impact of respiratory virus infection in patients diagnosed with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) has not been well studied. Methods: A prospective case control study was performed at a National Reference Unit for Primary Immunodeficiency in Spain (from November 2018 to July 2019), including patients younger than 20 years. Symptom questionnaires and nasopharyngeal swabs from multiple respiratory viruses’ polymerase chain reaction were collected monthly, and between visits in case of symptoms. Results: Twenty-two individuals were included (11 patients; 11 controls); 164 samples were obtained (81 patients; 84 controls). Patients presented respiratory symptoms more frequently compared with controls (26.5% vs. 3.5%; p < 0.01). Viral detection was observed in 23 (27.3%) episodes in patients and in 15 (17.8%) episodes in controls (p = 0.1). Rhinovirus was the most frequent virus in patients and controls (60% and 53.3%, respectively). Episodes with positive viral detection had associated symptoms in 54% of patients and 18% of controls (p = 0.07). However, patients with A-T presented a similar rate of symptoms during episodes with positive and negative viral detection (26% vs. 27%). The median points given for each questionnaire during symptomatic episodes with negative viral detection were 13/23 points, and during symptomatic positive detection, 7.5/23 points (p = 0.1). In the control group, all but two were asymptomatic during positive viral episodes (score: 2/23 and 3/23 points). Symptomatic episodes, with either positive or negative viral detection, were associated with lower IgA and higher IgM titers and higher CD8+ counts (p < 0.05), particularly when these episodes were moderate/severe. Conclusions: Patients with A-T more frequently present symptomatic viral infections than controls, especially those with lower IgA and higher IgM titers and higher CD8+ counts.
Type II Grass Carp Reovirus Infects Leukocytes but Not Erythrocytes and Thrombocytes in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Yang Ling , Su Jianguo
Published: May 2021

Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) causes serious losses to the grass carp industry. At present, infectious tissues of GCRV have been studied, but target cells remain unclear. In this study, peripheral blood cells were isolated, cultured, and infected with GCRV. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western Blot, indirect immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy observation, a model of GCRV infected blood cells in vitro was established. The experimental results showed GCRV could be detectable in leukocytes only, while erythrocytes and thrombocytes could not. The virus particles in leukocytes are wrapped by empty membrane vesicles that resemble phagocytic vesicles. The empty membrane vesicles of leukocytes are different from virus inclusion bodies in C. idella kidney (CIK) cells. Meanwhile, the expression levels of IFN1, IL-1β, Mx2, TNFα were significantly up-regulated in leukocytes, indicating that GCRV could cause the production of the related immune responses. Therefore, GCRV can infect leukocytes in vitro, but not infect erythrocytes and thrombocytes. Leukocytes are target cells in blood cells of GCRV infections. This study lays a theoretical foundation for the study of the GCRV infection mechanism and anti-GCRV immunity.
Avian Influenza H7N9 Virus Adaptation to Human Hosts
Authors: Tan Swan , Sjaugi Muhammad Farhan , Fong Siew Chinn , Chong Li Chuin , Abd Raman Hadia Syahirah , Nik Mohamed Nik Elena , August Joseph Thomas , Khan Asif M.
Published: May 2021

Avian influenza virus A (H7N9), after circulating in avian hosts for decades, was identified as a human pathogen in 2013. Herein, amino acid substitutions possibly essential for human adaptation were identified by comparing the 4706 aligned overlapping nonamer position sequences (1–9, 2–10, etc.) of the reported 2014 and 2017 avian and human H7N9 datasets. The initial set of virus sequences (as of year 2014) exhibited a total of 109 avian-to-human (A2H) signature amino acid substitutions. Each represented the most prevalent substitution at a given avian virus nonamer position that was selectively adapted as the corresponding index (most prevalent sequence) of the human viruses. The majority of these avian substitutions were long-standing in the evolution of H7N9, and only 17 were first detected in 2013 as possibly essential for the initial human adaptation. Strikingly, continued evolution of the avian H7N9 virus has resulted in avian and human protein sequences that are almost identical. This rapid and continued adaptation of the avian H7N9 virus to the human host, with near identity of the avian and human viruses, is associated with increased human infection and a predicted greater risk of human-to-human transmission.
The Repurposed Drugs Suramin and Quinacrine Cooperatively Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro In Vitro
Authors: Eberle Raphael J. , Olivier Danilo S. , Amaral Marcos S. , Gering Ian , Willbold Dieter , Arni Raghuvir K. , Coronado Monika A.
Published: May 2021

Since the first report of a new pneumonia disease in December 2019 (Wuhan, China) the WHO reported more than 148 million confirmed cases and 3.1 million losses globally up to now. The causative agent of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, resulting in a pandemic of unprecedented magnitude. To date, several clinically safe and efficient vaccines (e.g., Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines) as well as drugs for emergency use have been approved. However, increasing numbers of SARS-Cov-2 variants make it imminent to identify an alternative way to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections. A well-known strategy to identify molecules with inhibitory potential against SARS-CoV-2 proteins is repurposing clinically developed drugs, e.g., antiparasitic drugs. The results described in this study demonstrated the inhibitory potential of quinacrine and suramin against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro). Quinacrine and suramin molecules presented a competitive and noncompetitive inhibition mode, respectively, with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments demonstrated that quinacrine and suramin alone possessed a moderate or weak affinity with SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro but suramin binding increased quinacrine interaction by around a factor of eight. Using docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we identified a possible binding mode and the amino acids involved in these interactions. Our results suggested that suramin, in combination with quinacrine, showed promising synergistic efficacy to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. We suppose that the identification of effective, synergistic drug combinations could lead to the design of better treatments for the COVID-19 disease and repurposable drug candidates offer fast therapeutic breakthroughs, mainly in a pandemic moment.
Virological Correlates of IgM–IgG Patterns of Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection According to Targeted Antigens
Authors: Barreiro Pablo , Candel Francisco Javier , Sanz Juan Carlos , San Román Jesús , del Mar Carretero María , Pérez-Abeledo Marta , Ramos Belén , Viñuela-Prieto José Manuel , Canora Jesús , Martínez-Peromingo Francisco Javier , Zapatero Antonio
Published: May 2021

The virological meaning of the different patterns of serology in COVID-19 has been little examined in clinical settings. Asymptomatic subjects with IgM-spike (S) and IgG-nucleocapsid (N) determinations by chemiluminescence were studied for SARS-CoV-2 shedding in respiratory secretions by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA). In subjects showing IgM-S positive and IgG-N negative, IgG-S was determined by lateral flow assay. A total of 712 individuals were tested: 30.0% presented IgM-S(+)/IgG-N(−), 25.8% had IgM-S(+)/IgG-N(+) and 44.2% had IgM-S(−)/IgG-N(+); the proportion with TMA(+) were comparable in these three groups: 12.1, 8.7 and 10.5%, respectively. In individuals with IgM-S(+)/IgG-N(−), IgG-S(+) was detected in 66.5%. The frequency of IgM-S(+)/IgG-S(−) in the total population was 10.0%, of whom 24.1% had TMA(+); the chances for TMA(+) in subjects with an IgM-S(+) alone pattern were 2.4%. Targeting of the same SARS-CoV-2 antigen seems to be better for the characterization of IgM/IgG patterns of response. IgM-S(+) alone reactivity is rare, and a small proportion is associated with viral shedding.
Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid
Authors: Parveen Abida , Arslan Ashraf Muhammad , Hussain Iqbal , Perveen Shagufta , Rasheed Rizwan , Mahmood Qaisar , Hussain Shahid , Ditta Allah , Hashem Abeer , Al-Arjani Al-Bandari Fahad , Alqarawi Abdulaziz A. , Abd Allah Elsayed Fathi
Published: May 2021

The present work reports the assessment of the effectiveness of a foliar-spray of salicylic acid (SA) on growth attributes, biochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and osmolytes accumulation in wheat grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stressed (60% field capacity) conditions. The total available water (TAW), calculated for a rooting depth of 1.65 m was 8.45 inches and readily available water (RAW), considering a depletion factor of 0.55, was 4.65 inches. The water contents corresponding to 100 and 60% field capacity were 5.70 and 1.66 inches, respectively. For this purpose, seeds of two wheat cultivars (Fsd-2008 and S-24) were grown in pots subjected to water stress. Water stress at 60% field capacity markedly reduced the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins (TSP) and total phenolic contents (TPC) compared with control. However, cv. Fsd-2008 was recorded as strongly drought-tolerant and performed better compared to cv. S-24, which was moderately drought tolerant. However, water stress enhanced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and membrane electrolyte leakage (EL) and modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) contents. Foliar-spray with salicylic acid (SA; 0, 3 mM and 6 mM) effectively mitigated the adverse effects of water stress on both cultivars. SA application at 6 mM enhanced the shoot and root length, as well as their fresh and dry weights, and improved photosynthetic pigments. SA foliage application further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and phenolics contents. However, foliar-spray of SA reduced MDA, H2O2 and membrane permeability in both cultivars under stress conditions. The results of the present study suggest that foliar-spray of salicylic acid was effective in increasing the tolerance of wheat plants under drought stress in terms of growth attributes, antioxidant defense mechanisms, accumulation of osmolytes, and by reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.
Linking Microbial Functioning and Trophic Pathways to Ecological Status in a Coastal Mediterranean Ecosystem
Authors: Decembrini Franco , Caroppo Carmela , Caruso Gabriella , Bergamasco Alessandro
Published: May 2021

Coastal marine ecosystems host complex microbial communities whose composition and metabolism are influenced by continental inputs and mesoscale properties of seawater masses. The identifying traits of the phytoplankton and bacteria such as biomass, size, shape and their metabolism related to organic matter production and degradation, recognized as indicators of the functioning of an ecosystem, were observed in the Gulf of Manfredonia (South Adriatic Sea, Italy) in late spring. This Gulf area is characterized by terrestrial inputs and mesoscale circulation influence such as coastal waters flowing southward from the North Adriatic and offshore waters interested by the Ionian Sea. Water samples were grouped in clusters (Coastal, Intermediate, Offshore and Deep Systems) according to the water column properties. Phytoplankton community biomass and composition, autotrophic and total prokaryotic abundances and microbial metabolism such as enzyme activity rates and prokaryotic heterotrophic production were analyzed to elucidate the trophic pathways with the objective to infer on the ecosystem status. As expected, size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass and production showed greater concentration in coastal waters with prevalence of the largest fractions (micro- and nano-) supported by the diatoms. Conversely, lower biomass and production were measured in all off-shore waters, mainly sustained by smallest fractions (nano-sized phytoflagellates and picophytoplankton). Total and autotrophic prokaryotic abundance decreased from coastal to offshore stations, inversely with respect to cell volume. Prokaryotic heterotrophic production was just below 50% compared to that of phytoplankton in all waters, evidencing an active biomass synthesis. High alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase in coastal and offshore waters suggested the quick regeneration of Phosphorus and protein decomposition, respectively. Different levels of phytoplankton-bacteria association might provide a tool to define the ecological status of the studied system in the observed period; an approach to ecosystem assessment exportable to other coastal systems is proposed.
Valoración del hormigón ante ataque de sulfatos
Authors: Catur Muraña Franz Javier
Published: May 2021

Dada la importante participación actual del hormigón como material de construcción, se estudia bastante su comportamiento, influencia, variación y durabilidad. El objetivo de este artículo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes tipos de materiales de impermeabilización en el rendimiento del hormigón expuesto a ataque por sulfatos; mediante un diseño experimental que midió la evolución de su degradación estando expuesto a diferentes variaciones físicas y químicas, durante 180 días. Como resultado se determinó que el desprendimiento del hormigón frente a acciones químicas en suelos agresivos y condiciones ambientes puede ser mitigado mediante el mejoramiento de su densidad y una adecuada protección por materiales impermeabilizantes. Se concluyó que el curado del hormigón es esencial para combatir estos ataques y la aplicación de materiales impermeabilizante puede mejorar significativamente la durabilidad del hormigón.
La narración oral como herramienta pedagógica en la promoción de la ficción breve
Authors: Zuriaga Claudia Eulalia , Pereira Díaz Ivo Leonel
Published: May 2021

La literatura ha representado para muchos estudiantes la asignatura menos atractiva, casi siempre es relegada por aquellas en las que hay un nivel de actividad mayor, en las que el cuerpo en su totalidad está en constante movimiento (deportivas, manuales, lúdicas). El estudiantado manifiesta un gran desinterés por la lectura y la escritura, porque encuentra que la metodología de enseñanza es “aburrida”, “obsoleta” o simplemente “clásica” con la impartición de textos que solo tienen como objetivo una convencional comprobación del acto lector, por lo que no existe entre lector y texto una vinculación más profunda, más reveladora o significativa. Una relación que desemboque en una búsqueda de otras referencias, de otros paisajes, otras visiones sobre un mismo o varios temas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo facilitar un puente teórico y práctico entre los estudiantes y el texto breve, a través de la narración oral como una herramienta clave en este proceso. Ante esta problemática surgen dos interrogantes ¿Cómo acercar positivamente a los estudiantes al discurso literario? ¿Cómo contagiar el gusto por la disciplina literaria? Puede que, la respuesta a ambas cuestiones sea difícil de encontrar, pero, la narración oral, como un medio entre el acercamiento y la comprensión de estos textos es un camino ideal para comenzar a fomentar el deseo por la literatura, o en este caso, por la ficción breve.
Derechos colectivos de las comunidades sobre su propiedad intelectual: contradicciones entre propiedad industrial y conocimientos tradicionales
Authors: Pérez Peña Oscar Alberto
Published: May 2021

El presente ensayo tiene como objetivo el análisis de las contradicciones que se generan al interior del sistema de protección de la propiedad intelectual cuando este regula aspectos sobre conocimientos tradicionales y propiedad industrial. Se expresa el carácter comunitario de los conocimientos tradicionales en su estrecha relación con las comunidades y grupos sociales que los portan, lo que los hace de difícil encuadre en el sistema de propiedad industrial. Se refieren las características y esencia individual del sistema de propiedad industrial, que lo hacen incompleto a este tipo de saberes, lo que contribuye a la explotación y apropiación indebida por terceras personas ajenas a estas comunidades. Finalmente, se evidencia la importancia del reconocimiento de derechos colectivos a las comunidades sobre su propiedad intelectual en materia de conocimientos tradicionales.
La construcción del fracaso escolar: pensamiento y prácticas institucionales
Authors: Navas Espinosa Rosa Estefanía
Published: May 2021

El presente ensayo recopila información relevante en el tema de pensamiento y prácticas institucionales que se asocian con la construcción del fracaso escolar. Dentro de los pensamientos institucionales se encuentran: la generalización, idealización del/la estudiante, el ideal pansófico, la culpa y concepciones reduccionistas que excluyen ciertas variables que se encuentran en constante interacción en cuanto a la explicación del fracaso escolar. A su vez, se analizan ciertas prácticas etiquetantes y estigmatizantes que pueden perjudicar al estudiante de por vida, hay ciertos discursos imperantes en las unidades educativas, sumergiendo en pasividad otros tales como, los familiares, los personales e interdisciplinarios. Asimismo, otra de las prácticas que podrían volverse reduccionista es la contextualización discriminativa, referente a la educabilidad solamente en la escuela, subestimando entornos diferentes que son parte de la educación.  Los interrogantes que surgen son: si hablamos que las personas construyen conocimiento y no lo reproducen ¿Podrían aprender en otros contextos externos a la escuela? ¿La existencia del fracaso escolar de los/as estudiantes puede ser considerada una construcción institucional? ¿Qué cambios se pueden proporcionar a los/as estudiantes en relación a los pensamientos y prácticas institucionales con la finalidad de solventar sus dificultades en el aprendizaje escolar?
Influencia del filtro afectivo en el desarrollo de la producción oral del aprendizaje del idioma inglés
Authors: Uquillas Jaramillo Nancy Cristina , Córdova Vera Karen Stephany
Published: May 2021

En la actualidad existen varias técnicas en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje general y en torno a la adquisición de un segundo idioma; sin embargo, el hablar del filtro afectivo aún constituye un mito, pues se ha comprobado en investigaciones que el estudiante requiere no solo aprender los procesos convencionales de aprendizaje, sino qué, para la adquisición de un segundo idioma, la persona debe mantenerse motivada, con autoconfianza y sin ansiedad, a fin de que el aprendizaje sea dinámico y no rígido, tal como sucede con la adquisición del idioma natal. La información recopilada se basa en una investigación descriptiva-bibliográfica, para adentrarse a las opiniones e investigaciones de autores sobre esta temática de la influencia del filtro afectivo en el desarrollo, principalmente de la producción oral en el aprendizaje del inglés, donde se obtuvo que, a mayor coerción afectiva del estudiante, mejor será su afianzamiento en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés, y mucho más en lo que se refiere a la producción oral.
Uso de la arquitectura de mini servicios: gestión de servicios
Authors: Benítez-Quecha Claribel , Altamirano-Cabrera Marisol , Sánchez-Chávez Jorge Edgar , Méndez-López Minerva Donají
Published: May 2021

There are various architectures that allow a distributed system that have been extensively tested in a business environment, with the purpose of having high availability. This infrastructure allows us a rapid deployment and a lower load on the network, rapid development among others. The present work aims to build software modules for a mini-service architecture, under a REST API managed by NestJs, sharing a Mongo database. General Objective: Implement the use of the architecture of miniservices in the development of the modules of resource management, control and monitoring of projects for the linking system between TecNM incubators and society in general. Specific: 1. Represent the processes using BPMN (Business Management Process). 2. Analyze the functional requirements of the resource module and service monitoring. 3. Design the architecture of miniservices. 4. Design the mini-services for the management of the resource module database and service monitoring. 5. Develop the mini-service for managing the resource module database and service monitoring. 6. Develop the mini-service for the management of the resource module and service monitoring. Methodology. To carry out this project, the SCRUM methodology is used, since for its development the participants were divided into two teams, due to the extension of the computer system. And SCRUM is characterized by offering a methodological framework of work that allows managing collaboration between various teams. As well as offering great adaptability to modifications on designs or previous coding, a very important point in this case, since we are working on a topic that is current and there is no previous experience, which generates constant tests and changes. SCRUM has another essential characteristic in this development, that it is designed for projects with a high level of uncertainty, as is our case, where the architecture of miniservices will be tested and the degree of improvements it provides will be identified. For all the above, this work has been carried out following the stages set by SCRUM, namely: 1.- Sprint planning. 2.- Stage of development. 3.- Sprint review. 4.- Feedback. Contribution. With this work, experience is provided in the configuration of an architecture that supports rapid development, decoupled, reusable and with the possibility of migrating to a microservice architecture..
Quiero ser escuchado, Yo soy 132
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, García Guerrero Montserrat
Published: May 2021

En fechas recientes hemos atestiguado el surgimiento de un fenómeno de suma importancia para la realidad mexicana: la emergencia de la voz de los jóvenes, de aquéllos que están en desacuerdo y deciden hablar de muchas formas empleando nuevas y variadas formas de comunicación. Ellos decidieron abrir las posibilidades comunicacionales para hacerse visibles, ser tomados en cuenta, pero sobre todo, asumirse como parte activa de su propia realidad, aunque pueda parecer un poco utópico.
Contra el individuo: tentativas críticas e hipótesis inconclusas
Authors: Yuing Tuillang
Published: May 2021

El  presente trabajo elabora una serie de sugerencias tentativas que buscan un balance teórico-filosófico de la noción de “individuo”. En efecto, el individuo se ha presentado como un concepto de uso corriente en la teoría social y política de corte liberal. No obstante parece ser en muchos casos una noción insuficientemente discutida y que por lo tanto impide una evaluación oportuna de los argumentos a los cuales tributa. De este modo, en primer lugar, se pone en cuestión la solvencia de la noción de individuo como soporte o fuente para concebir una “razón universal”. En este sentido, la idea de sujeto de conocimiento trascendental posee una serie de zonas opacas en que el individuo no es bajo ningún respecto soberano ni dueño de sus representaciones. En segundo lugar, se plantea la revisión de la noción de individuo como un rezago de la figura del soberano, tal y como lo sugiere Roberto Espósito respecto del liberalismo de Locke. Finalmente se revisan las tesis de Bruno Latour sobre las mediaciones socio-técnicas que constituyen los colectivos sociales  donde la individualidad y la dicotomía sujeto-objeto es siempre una resultante y no un fundamento.
La voz media y el siglo
Authors: Valderrama Miguel
Published: May 2021

La voz media porta en historiografía la huella de un diferendo, ella anuncia una alteración o interrupción en el régimen moderno de la representación histórica. Al menos, eso es lo que parece desprenderse del uso que dan a esta expresión filósofos, historiadores y semiólogos en los debates sobre la escritura de la historia. Objeto de una atención subterránea, pero sostenida, en el orden de las humanidades y las ciencias humanas, la voz media puede considerarse el objeto del siglo, o mejor aún la “cosa” o “causa” sobre la que parece girar el siglo XX. El presente artículo presenta un primer esbozo sobre las relaciones entre la voz media y el siglo que la escenifica como novedad o repetición arcaica.
La revolución política de "Chili" tras 500 años de antropoceno
Authors: Carvajal Bañados Yuri
Published: May 2021

El artículo elabora un análisis de las últimas manifestaciones políticas de Chile bajo la perspectiva de una crisis cosmopolítica que se comprende  como Antropoceno, una epoca geológica determinada por la acción humana. Es posible entonces denominar revolución al acontecimiento, expresión de una crisis climático-ambiental de vigencia ineludible. En ese sentido se trata de la inscripción de la reciente revolución política en el marco de un agotamiento  de las categorías que han estructurado el ordenamiento político moderno y que invita a la consideración de un nuevo esquema político donde la naturaleza, la animalidad, la geología y otros elementos “no representados” tomen parte activa de la conformación política y social. No es el último movimiento político, sino uno de los primeros.
Chile, la democracia se acabó: crisis institucional en el 18-O chileno
Authors: Ramírez Carlos , Y´añez-Urbina Cristopher , Salinas Iván
Published: May 2021

El artículo realiza un análisis de los eventos ocurridos entre el 4 de octubre y el 22 de noviembre del 2019 en Chile, con la finalidad tanto de otorgar un panorama político situado al contexto nacional como para poder abstraer aquella disyunción existente entre una política decimonónica basada en la democracia representativa y una conformación social que escapa constantemente de sus esquemas. De tal manera, se aborda tanto el suelo arqueológico desde donde se erige la racionalidad de la democracia representativa, lo que posteriormente es contrastado con las dos principales estrategias desplegadas por la institucionalidad moderna para gestionar el conflicto. Se concluye la existencia de una crisis profunda de la democracia representativa y los mecanismos decimonónicos que queda patente en un actuar que colinda con el fascismo.
Capitalismo, archivo e información
Authors: Rodríguez Pablo Manolo
Published: May 2021

Este texto intenta resumir los principales ejes del libro Anarchivismo. Tecnologías políticas del archivo, de Andrés Maximiliano Tello. Dentro del llamado archival turn, la obra se enfoca en una caracterización del capitalismo arcóntico, que refiere a un proceso de acumulación capitalista que tiene a los datos y a los registros, en su versión informacional, como su principal activo. Se repasa para ello los aportes de algunos autores de la filosofía francesa postestructuralista (M.Foucault, G.Deleuze y J.Derrida), se los vincula con las reflexiones de otro filósofo central para la comprensión de los desafíos que plantea la noción de información, como J-F. Lyotard, y se destacan las tensiones entre los conceptos de memoria, huella, inscripción en diversos terrenos.
“Otro fin de mundo es posible”. Revuelta y anarchivismo
Authors: Tello Andrés Maximiliano
Published: May 2021

Este texto propone algunas líneas de problematización sobre el vínculo entre anarchivismo y revuelta, a la luz de los acontecimientos desatados en Chile durante los últimos meses. Para ello, se parte asumiendo una noción no convencional del archivo (Foucault, Derrida), entendido aquí como máquina social (Deleuze y Guattari) que se encarga de establecer la organización jerárquica de los registros de los cuerpos en la sociedad. Poniendo especial énfasis en el archivo mediático e informacional, se ahonda aquí en las formas en que la máquina social de archivo ha sido complementaria al orden social instaurado por el gobierno neoliberal durante las últimas décadas. Luego, se analiza cómo la emergencia de la revuelta desata al mismo tiempo la proliferación de máquinas anarchivistas, es decir, de cuerpos y tecnologías que desestabilizan el archivo que soporta el orden neoliberal.
Dialéctica, planteamiento y huida: Sobre la pregunta más profunda de Blanchot
Authors: Salinas Francisco
Published: May 2021

Este breve texto reflexiona en torno a “la pregunta más profunda”, escrito de L’ Entretien infini que Maurice Blanchot dedica a preguntar sobre el preguntar. Particularmente, aquí me centro en un pasaje específico del escrito donde Blanchot utiliza la pregunta más profunda para elaborar conexiones con la dialéctica (escape al monólogo y al diálogo hecho sistema), con el problema del planteamiento de la pregunta (imposibilidad de esclarecerse) y la necesidad de huida (actualización constante del escape en la pregunta). Aquí propongo leer y elaborar en torno a este pasaje en base a las tres líneas antes descritas y realizar algunas preguntas sobre nuestro tiempo.
Con cuerpo y sin cuerpo: Naturaleza/ Tecnología y un nudo entre ambos
Authors: Miranda Meza Andrea
Published: May 2021

El cuerpo implica una alteridad, un lazo social que permite la construcción subjetiva. La tecnología le permite hacerse un cuerpo propio, construir un nuevo cuerpo de diferentes maneras.

Las tecnologías en el cuerpo, la salud, las maneras de alimentarse y de habitar un espacio, esta intervención no es sólo en cada cuerpo individual sino también al conjunto del cuerpo social. El espacio entero de las existencias se politiza sobre el cuerpo.

La evolución humana podrá depender de la tecnología ¿Qué somos o estamos dejando de ser? Muchas de las preguntas dominan el paisaje de las respuestas especulativas en las que, el cuerpo, constituye el punto central. En este contexto, el cuerpo adquiere una importancia en la crítica social y la tecnología, nos permite conocer mejor las estructuras mediante el cual, el cuerpo como un conjunto de instalaciones, revelan el mapa de lo corporal en el momento presente.
De divulgar a compartir: análisis preliminar de la campaña de difusión del “Decálogo de la Investigación” de ANIP
Authors: Fauré Jaime , Berger Juan , Signore Iskra
Published: May 2021

En octubre de 2020, la Asociación Nacional de Investigadores de Postgrado (ANIP) publicó un informe que sintetiza las condiciones laborales prioritarias para los investigadores y las investigadoras del país. En este artículo llevamos a cabo un análisis preliminar de la campaña de divulgación de este documento, que consistió en el envío de un boletín masivo a los socios y las socias, y las publicaciones en las redes oficiales de la organización (Twitter, Facebook, Instagram y YouTube). Los resultados sugirieron que la campaña tuvo éxito en términos del diseño y la implementación, aunque pudimos identificar ciertos puntos de mejora. En cualquier caso, los resultados nos obligaron a reflexionar sobre qué significa que una campaña de divulgación tenga éxito. Por esto, elaboramos una propuesta conceptual, anclada al constructivismo de orientación histórico-cultural, que nos sirvió para clarificar hasta qué punto la campaña fue exitosa y en qué sentido, a la vez, pudo haber fracasado. Finalmente, reflexionamos sobre cómo esta propuesta conceptual nos ayuda a complejizar y mejorar el análisis de las campañas de divulgación en el futuro.
Revolución plebiscitaria en Chile
Authors: Vicuña Navarro Miguel
Published: May 2021

Con la distancia que permite cierto desfase temporal, el presente escrito articula una lectura que vincula la revuelta chilena de octubre de 2019 con el proceso constituyente que ha tenido lugar durante el año 2020. Se trata de una lectura que ofrece una interpretación que va desde el episodio de la revuelta y los sucesos de las manifestaciones hasta los desafíos que se plantean en el diseño y redacción de una nueva carta constitucional para Chile. En esta reflexión se tiene en consideración los desafíos que actualmente ponen en cuestión los fundamentos de la política moderna más convencional. Uno de los ejes claves que se ofrece para esta lectura es el lugar del dispositivo plebiscitario como eje que permite ciertos usos determinados. Con este fin se atiende también a la función política que ha tenido el plebiscito en otros escenarios y episodios históricos.
“My Language Learners Seemed Like Ghosts”: A Rural Teacher’s Transformational Journey Implementing the Seal of Biliteracy
Authors: Marichal Nidza , Rosario Roldán Arelis , Coady Maria
Published: May 2021

This paper describes the personal and professional journey taken by one secondary Spanish teacher to implement the Seal of Biliteracy (SoBL) for English learners (ELs) in a rural Florida school district. The teacher’s goal was to promote bilingual pride among her ELs and to validate their bilingual abilities, which had been frequently unrecognized in the community. This promising practice in a rural Florida district demonstrated two important transformations: first was the teacher’s personal views about bilingualism as an asset rather than a deficit, and second was the instructional practices she employed  and fierce advocacy for the ELs in her rural secondary school. Ultimately, the work of the teacher disrupted inequities that her bilingual students faced and positively affected her EL students’ views of bilingualism and their lives in the rural school community.
OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF AN AIR-PRESSURE SUBSOILER TYPE
Authors: Su Hongjie , Cui Hongmei , Li Feiyu , Fan Teng
Published: May 2021

Through the mechanical analysis of air-pressure subsoiler, it is found that the main factors affecting its tractive resistance are the air pressure injected into the soil, the soil cohesion, the length and width of the shovel surface, the soil disturbance coefficient, and moving speed of the subsoiler. The traditional air-pressure subsoiler was redesigned to solve the problem of large tractive resistance. In the soil trench experiment, the subsoiling shovel’s shape, the air pressure, and the position of air hole were used as test factors, and the ratio of the traction resistance of the shovel to the soil disturbance, namely SDF (Specific Draft Force), was used as the evaluation index. By the response surface test method and analysing the soil disturbance and the tractive resistance, it is determined that rectangular subsoiling shovel with the air hole in the upper part of the shovel is the optimal under the pressure of 1.2 MPa.
DESIGN OF AN INTELLIGENT IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR A JUJUBE ORCHARD BASED ON IoT
Authors: Tan Kun , Sun Sanmin , Du Liangzong , Zhou Shaoliang
Published: May 2021

This research aimed to develop an information acquisition and intelligent irrigation decision system based on the agricultural Internet of Things (IoT). The system consists of a field control terminal and a remote client, realizing control, real-time display, alarm, and other functions. The user may apply the upper and lower limit of soil relative water content as the irrigation decision threshold. The system automatically controls irrigation according to the threshold. In the calculation and analysis part of the system, the programming software Keil 5 was used for data collection and monitoring, database comparison, calculation and analysis, irrigation decision, and other functions.
Electrical degradation and recovery of NiO/ZnO visible-light-transparent flexible solar cells
Authors: Kim Joonam , Kato Naruhide , Chichibu Shigefusa F. , Sugiyama Mutsumi
Published: May 2021

Fundamental photovoltaic parameters such as current density–voltage characteristics of flexible NiO/ZnO solar cells were investigated; the study revealed the degradation and recovery properties of the cells. The open-circuit voltage and shunt resistance of the flexible NiO/ZnO solar cells tended to decrease subsequent to bending; however, the short-circuit current and series resistance remained constant. This indicated that the number of defects caused by bending tend to increase proximate to the NiO/ZnO interface as compared to that of the bulk of the flexible solar cell. Moreover, the decreased solar cell performance caused by bending improved through heat treatment at 150 °C for 15 min. The results obtained could serve as the first step towards the realization of flexible visible-light-transparent solar cells using polycrystalline films.
Monolithic microcavity second harmonic generation device using low birefringence paraelectric material without polarity-inverted structure
Authors: Nambu Tomoaki , Nagata Takumi , Umeda Soshi , Shiomi Keishi , Fujiwara Yasufumi , Hikosaka Toshiki , Mannan Abdul , Bagsican Filchito Renee G. , Serita Kazunori , Kawayama Iwao , Tonouchi Masayoshi , Uemukai Masahiro , Tanikawa Tomoyuki , Katayama Ryuji
Published: May 2021

We proposed a monolithic microcavity wavelength conversion device without a polarity-inverted structure. The device consists of a low birefringence paraelectric material and a dielectric material. A fundamental wave intensity is enhanced significantly in the microcavity with two distributed Bragg reflectors, and a second-harmonic wave is efficiently generated in a very short region close to a coherence length. As a first step of this study, we used GaN as a device material, and succeeded in the blue second harmonic generation with a wavelength of 428 nm.
Interaction between two Bloch oscillating electron groups in a biased semiconductor superlattice created by a pair of temporally shifted optical pulses
Authors: Unuma Takeya , Hoshino Tomoya , Nagahashi Kenta , Ueda Kosuke
Published: May 2021

We investigate the interaction between two Bloch oscillating electron groups in a GaAs-based superlattice created by a pair of temporally shifted optical pulses, observing terahertz waveforms emitted by the second group in the presence of the first group. The terahertz emission exhibits gradual reductions in its resonance frequency and dephasing time as the temporal difference increases to a few hundred ps. This suggests that the first group interacts with the second group mainly via field screening and phonons. The initial oscillation phase of the second group, corresponding to its inversionless terahertz gain, is not affected by the first group.
A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO DETERMINE ETIOLOGY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LIVER FAILURE
Authors: Kumar Ashit , Singh Shreshy , Bharti Ashish Kumar , Ahmad Ghazi Sharique
Published: May 2021

Acute liver failure is a less common disease in pediatrics. Its outcome mostly depends on the etiology.
With known etiology the outcome is favourable and with advancement of liver transplantation, the
mortality is further reduced. Most of the study for etiology are from western countries , study conducted at our center in attempt to
know the prevailing etiology for acute hepatic failure in our region.
Materials and method: Retrospective observational study was done at Pediatrics Department, Katihar medical college,
Katihar, Bihar, over the period from September 2017 to December 2020. 62 cases were selected by reviewing the les which
qualied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Information was taken on self designed questionnniare.
Result and discussion: Most common identiable etiology comes out Hepatitis A (9.6%) and Hepatitis B (9.6%) followed by
bacterial infection (8.1%), drug induced hepatitis (3.2%) and wilson's disease (3.2%). There was 2 cases of HAV with coinfection
of staphylococcus and salmonella each. Majority of cases (30 out of 62 cases) were nonA nonB nonC viral hepatitis.
HnRNPA1 ISOFORM BRING DIVERSITY IN GLIOMA CELL SURVIVAL
Authors: Vashistha Vidhi , Bhardwaj Sachin , Kumar Avinash , Yadav Amit K. , Yadav Birendra K. , Yadav Ajay K.
Published: May 2021

Hypoxia response plays a critical impact on tumor growth and drug resistance development. Under
hypoxic and non-hypoxic growth environment U87MG and A172 glioma cells behaved differently. The
presence of hnRNPA1 isoforms variant showed critical regulatory step in directing glioma cell adaptability. Knocking hnRNPA1,
distinctly affecting the hnRNPA1 isoforms in two glioma cell lines. U87 MG cells, in response two different siRNA against
hnRNPA1, suppresses higher isoform of hnRNPA1 compare to lower isoforms, on contrary A172 responses predominantly with
up regulation of hnRNPA1vII (higher isoform) only. Leading expression of HnRNPA1vII isoform down regulates phospho-ERK½
activation. Additionally, knock down of GSK3 alpha also enhances the generation of higher isoform of hnRNPA1 in non-hypoxic
cells. Remarkably, cells grown under hypoxic condition, phospho-ERK½ activation was observed only in presence of lower
abundant isoform of hnRNPA1. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was conducted to recapitulate the moderate to weak
expression of GSK3 alpha correlated with strong expression of hnRNPA1 in glioma hypoxic tumor. Nonetheless, selective
knock down of hnRNPA1vII (higher form) and vI (lower isoform) in U87MG were examined, evidently the phospho-ERK½
expression was downregulated in hnRNPA1vI knock down, compared with higher phospho-ERK½ in hnRNPA1 higher isoform
(vII) knock down was observed. Interestingly, knock down of hnRNPA1 vII (higher isoform) also reduces the expression of
hnRNPA2/B1 and SF2/ASF1 (splice factor RNA binding protein), in U87 MG cells. In conclusion, selective targeting hnRNPA1
isoforms attenuate glioma cell metabolism, and promote therapeutic sensitization.
“ASSOCIATION OF LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN MALE PATIENTS OF AGE MORE THAN 45 YEARS.”
Authors: Chhangte Ramngaihzuala , Kumar Shukla Pushpendra , Singh Atul Kumar , Ahmed Mohammed Musheer
Published: May 2021

Objective: The association of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms with Metabolic Syndrome in male patients
of age more than 45 years since there is insufcient data about LUTS and MetS in Indian population and
contradicting reports in various studies regarding the correlation of LUTS and MetS worldwide.
Methods- st st 152 men aged >45 years with symptoms of LUTS during a 365 period from 1 June 2019 to 31 May 2020 have been
included in this observational study. LUTS were dened according to the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and
metabolic syndrome with the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III denition. We studied the
correlation between metabolic syndrome and its individual components, and the severity of LUTS (IPSS and treatment for
LUTS). Analyses were adjusted for body mass index, age, and prostate-specic antigen level.
Results-. About one third of LUTS patients were between 60-69 years of age (33.6%), more than half moderate LUTS
(65.8%)patients. Severe LUTS was most common in age ≥80 years (41.7%). MetS in LUTS patients was 33.6% highest in age 50-
59 years (42.1%) and was lowest in age ≥80 (16.7%). Prevalence of MetS in LUTS patients was 3.63 times higher in age 50-59
years than ≥80 years (OR=3.63, 95%CI=0.89-14.86).
Conclusion- Our results suggest a signicant relationship between LUTS linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia and metabolic
syndrome, in terms of frequency and severity. The risk of being treated for LUTS also increased with an increasing number of
metabolic syndrome components present. The prevention of such modiable factors by the promotion of dietary changes and
regular physical activity practice may be of great importance for public health.
A CASE OF SYNCHRONOUS BILATERAL BREAST CANCER WITH DISCORDANT ESTROGEN RECEPTOR STATUS
Authors: Santhi B , Savitha S , Sujitha S
Published: May 2021

Synchronous bilateral breast cancer is dened as two
tumours diagnosed within 6 month interval and those above 6
months termed as metachronous breast cancer though there
is difference in time interval specied by various clinicians.
SBBC is a rare entity with incidence of 0.3 – 1.2% though it is
recently increasing due to improved life expectancy after
treatment and routine use of contralateral mammography. It is
considered that synchronous breast tumours are independent
tumours than to be secondary to metastatic spread from
primary. Presence of indraductal component, different
histology and different degree of differentiation implies that
2
they are independent tumors. Mostly women with BSBC are
treated with aggressive measures as they are thought to be
aggressive. Recently overall consensus is that bilateral
breast cancer is amenable to breast conservation surgeries
1 without compromising surviva
A PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW UP STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF SUPRACONDYLAR HUMERUS FRACTURE WITH INTERCONDYLAR EXTENSION TREATED WITH OLECRANON OSTEOTOMY APPROACH
Authors: Choudhary Pradeep , Bhati Mahesh , Bishnoi Ramniwas , Srimal Aditya , Chouhan Jayesh
Published: May 2021

Introduction- Olecranon osteotomy is standard approach for low transcondylar and intercondylar
distal humerus fractures. Distal humerus fractures are difcult to manage successfully because of the
local anatomic constraints, the frequent presence of comminution,displacement and osteopenia. We studied the functional
outcome and complications following surgical xation using this approach.
Material And Methods- A total 20 consecutive patients(male:15,female:5),having mean age 42.1yrs, of Distal Humerus
fractures who will attend the casualty or O.P.D during the thesis period(June2018 to October2020) at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital
& Mathuradas Mathur Hospital Jodhpur (Rajasthan) will be included in study group and managed surgically using olecranon
osteotomy approach. Functional outcome was evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score(MEPS) and complications
were observed.
Results- Mean loss of extension was 10°.Mean exion achieved was 122.75°.Mean range of movement at treated elbow was
113°. All fractures united by the end of 3 months. Final results were excellent in 8 cases; good in 7 cases; fair in 4 and poor in one
case. Most common complication in our study was discomfort due to hardware(6 cases). Supercial infection occurred in 2
cases. Screw/wire backout occurred in 2 cases. Elbow stiffness and malunion happened in one case. Functional outcome was
also dependant on fracture subtype.
Conclusion- Intraarticular distal humerus fracture treated with olecranon osteotomy approach had good articular exposure
and surgical xation. This approach had good functional outcome and fewer complications.