bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación constructiva-cronométrica como herramienta para evaluar el aprendizaje en línea y presencial
Authors: Morales Martínez Guadalupe Elizabeth , López Pérez Rafael Manuel , García Collantes Ángel , López Ramírez (†) Ernesto Octavio
Published: March 2021

Se presenta una forma innovadora de aproximar la evaluación del aprendizaje desde una visión cognitiva. Para ello, se ejemplifica el uso de un modelo de medición constructiva-cronométrica del aprendizaje a través de varios dominios del conocimiento y se ilustra la forma en que este tipo de evaluación proporciona diversos indicadores de organización y estructura del esquema de conocimiento que el estudiante presenta antes y después de haber cursado una materia. La evidencia obtenida sugiere que el modelo de evaluación aquí propuesto es efectivo en la medición cognitiva del aprendizaje académico, lo que indica que la implementación de herramientas de evaluación de la ciencia cognitiva en el campo de la educación puede ser muy útil para ampliar nuestra comprensión sobre el proceso de adquisición de conocimiento. Estas y otras implicaciones para la evaluación del aprendizaje de los estudiantes se discuten en el presente trabajo.
El uso de un recurso digital para la creación de historietas a partir de estrategias de planificación multinivel
Authors: Villagrán Olivares Sandra Paola , Pahud Morales María Fernanda , Zuñiga Velázquez Mariela
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo tiene la intención de plantear la experiencia realizada con una herramienta digital para generar cómics en el marco de la asignatura Tecnologías Aplicadas a la Educación Inclusiva del segundo año del ciclo de complementación curricular Licenciatura en Educación Especial de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas de la Universidad Nacional de San Luis (Argentina).
La experiencia consistió en articular propuestas para favorecer el enriquecimiento del lenguaje tecnológico de los futuros licenciados, con la planificación multinivel como estrategia de programación curricular inclusiva. Para esto se recurrió a una herramienta digital como Playcomic y a las posibilidades que esta herramienta ofrece para realizar programaciones de actividades educativas inclusivas.
Las lecturas a partir del análisis de la experiencia realizada con este grupo de estudiantes resultaron interesantes, desafiantes y productivas. Nos encontramos frente a un cambio de escenario que requiere, por parte de todo el sistema educativo, una fuerte y continua capacidad de autorreflexión. Los actuales lineamientos legales fomentan el desarrollo de procesos inclusivos a nivel educativo, exigiendo que el sistema se adecue para atender a la diversidad en su amplio espectro y no haciendo un reduccionismo simplista pensando que la diversidad solo tiene que ver con las personas con discapacidad.
PEMBERIAN PUPUK MULTI MIKRO TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.) DALAM POLIBEG
Authors: Jali Syafran
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih takaran pupuk multi mikro yang tepat bagi  tanaman selada. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan pupuk multi mikro (M) sebagai berikut: M1 = 25 g polibag-1,M2 = 50 g polibag-1, M3 = 75 g polibag-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan takaran 50 g polibeg-1 menunjukkan hasil yang terbaik dibandingkan dengan takaran 25 g polibeg-1 dan 75 g polibeg-1 terhadap peubah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan berat basah tanaman selada. Semakin tinggi takaran pupuk multi mikro sampai batas optimal 50 g polibeg-1, maka semakin tinggi unsur hara yang penting bagi tanaman dapat diabsorbsi melalui akar sehingga pertumbuhan dan perkembangan vegetatif tanaman selada semakin meningkat.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN GAMBAS (Luffa acutangula L. Roxb) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN Trichoderma sp. DAN BEBERAPA DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG KOTORAN SAPI
Authors: Novita Dian , Syamsuddin Taufik , Giawa Agustinus
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman gambas (Luffa acutangula L. Roxb) terhadap pemberian Trichoderma sp. dan beberapa dosis pupuk kandang kotoran sapi.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun petani Jalan Siaran, Lorong Pelita, Kecamatan Sako, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Juli 2020. Penelitian   ini   menggunakan   Rancangan   Acak   Kelompok   (RAK) Faktorial terdiri dari dua faktor perlakuan dengan 8 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan, sehingga terdapat 24 petakan.   Perlakuan Trichoderma sp. Terdiri dari T0  kontrol (tanpa Trichoderma sp.), T1  menggunkan Trichoderma sp. (15 g/tanaman). Perlakuan pupuk kandang kotoran sapi terdiri dari K0 kontrol (tanpa pupuk kandang kotoran sapi), K1 pupuk kandang kotoran sapi 20 ton/ha atau (4 kg/petak), K2  pupuk kandang kotoran sapi 30 ton/ha atau (6 kg/petak), dan K3 pupuk kandang kotoran sapi 40 ton/ha atau (8 kg/petak). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian Trichoderma sp. memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap jumlah buah pertanaman panjang buah rata-rata (cm), dan produksi buah/ha (ton).  Pemberian pupuk kandang kotoran sapi 30 ton/ha memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah buah pertanaman panjang buah rata-rata (cm), diameter buah (cm), dan produksi buah/ha (ton). Interaksi antara pemberian Trichoderma sp. dan pupuk kandang kotoran sapi 30 ton/ha memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap jumlah buah pertanaman dan produksi buah/ha (ton).
ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EXPRESS ANALYSIS
Authors: Zaharco Silvia
Published: March 2021

The economic potential of municipal enterprises is one of the particular important concerns of business managers, as well as of local public administration. The economic and financial activity of municipal enterprises depends, to a large extent, on external factors, specific to the environment in which the enterprise operates. Regardless of the factors we refer to, it is certain that the economic potential reflects a low level of efficiency of the municipal enterprises activity in the Republic of Moldova. It can be considered that the economic potential is a criterion for positioning the company on the local market, which the authors want to demonstrate in this research paper. The economic-financial indicators used to measure the economic potential of municipal enterprises are grouped according to three criteria: equity held by enterprises, economic and financial profitability, financial autonomy. The weaknesses and strengths of each indicator are presented and the importance of each indicator in reflecting the economic potential of municipal enterprises is emphasized.
FEATURE MOTION PICTURE AS A MEANS OF PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL ENHANCEMENT OF SENIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Mustafayeva Sitora , Satova Akmaral
Published: March 2021

The author of this article proposes a new approach to psychological work with general education students, which makes it possible to use the means of cinema for the professional and personal development of senior students. The article describes an experiment carried out using an author's feature film. This article is part of a study, the authors of which aim to identify, develop, theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the conditions for the effective use of television programs, feature motion films, as well as traditional psychological techniques as a means of professional and personal enhancement of senior schoolchildren. Theoretical and methodological foundations of the use of feature films as a means of professional and personal improvement of adolescents are offered.
QUELQUES ORIENTATIONS ET RÉSULTATS DE LA RECHERCHE SUR L'ADAPTATION TRANSCULTURELLE DES ÉTUDIANTS ÉTRANGERS
Authors: Tkachenko Elena , Goujili Othmane , Aouass Youssef , Igounane Abdelhalim
Published: March 2021

L'article aborde les enjeux de l'adaptation sociale (notamment transculturelle, psychologique, à l'apprentissage et à l'activité professionnelle), de l'acculturation des étudiants internationaux. La nécessité de prendre en compte l'échange d'expériences transculturelles par des étudiants de différents pays est soulignée. Les auteurs accordent également une attention particulière à la divulgation du besoin d'établissements d'enseignement à différents niveaux (enseignants, conservateurs de groupes académiques, employés des bureaux de Dean, psychologue, administration) afin de maximiser la création des conditions les plus optimales pour le développement du plus fort et le plus rapide possible adaptabilité des étudiants étrangers. Une attention particulière est également portée au fait que pour révéler le potentiel adaptatif maximal, il est très important de prendre en compte l'appartenance des étudiants étrangers aux typologies, notamment pour prendre en compte le profil individuel de leur asymétrie interhémisphérique.
ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ «PUBLIC RELATIONS» У ФОРМУВАННІ ПОЗИТИВНОГО ІМІДЖУ ЗАКЛАДУ ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Кошель Анна , Кошель Віталій , Мікрюкова Валерія
Published: March 2021

статті розкрито значення піару у створенні іміджу сучасного закладу дошкільної освіти. Здійснено аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій з проблеми формування іміджу сучасного закладу дошкільної освіти. Проаналізовано зміст використання паблік рілейшнз у формуванні позитивного іміджу закладів дошкільної освіти на сучасному етапі розвитку українського суспільства. Розглянуто фактори та умови формування позитивного іміджу сучасного закладу дошкільної освіти. Окреслено перспективи подальших наукових розвідок з означеної проблеми.
ФОРМУВАННЯ РІВНЯ ЗНАНЬ КУЛЬТУРИ ЗДОРОВ’ЯЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ НА ЗАСАДАХ МІЖДИСЦИПЛІНАРНОЇ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Мартинів Олег , Шукатка Оксана
Published: March 2021

У статті відображено результати теоретичного аналізу проблеми професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців до здоров’язбережувальної діяльності. Здійснено перевірку рівня знань студентів до формування культури здоров’язбереження на засадах міждисциплінарної інтеграції. Доведено доцільність використання міждисциплінарної інтеграції як основи формування культури здоров’язбереження студентів в процесі вивчення таких дисциплін: «Безпека життєдіяльності», «Філософія», «Історія української культури», «Фізичне виховання».
LATURA OBIECTIVĂ A INFRACŢIUNII DE ACTIVITATE A MERCENARILOR
Authors: Chirița Valentin , Drăgulean Alexandru
Published: March 2021

Prezentul articol este focusat pe cercetare a caracteristicilor laturii obiective a infracţiunii de activitate a mercenarilor – art. 141 al Codului Penal al Republicii Moldova. Studierea aspectelor ce se referă la latura obiectivă a infracţiunii de activitate a mercenarilor ne oferă posibilitatea de a scoate în evidenţă anumite probleme de calificare a infracţiunii respective şi de identificare a soluţiilor în procesul calificării acţiunii de participare a mercenarului la conflict armat, în acţiuni militare sau în alte acţiuni violente, fie de angajare, finanţare, instruire, altă asigurare a mercenarilor, precum şi de folosire a acestora într-un conflict armat, în acţiuni militare sau în alte acţiuni violente.
ПОГЛЯД З ПІД: ІДЕОЛОГІЧНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ БІЛИЗНИ 1917 – 1930 рр.
Authors: Касаткіна Ірина
Published: March 2021

Мета дослідження - виявити факти, які вплинули на різкі зміни одягу та білизни в період 1917-1930рр. Спробувати довести, що зміни у формах та конструкціях нижньої білизни напряму залежать не від особистих вподобань, а від пануючого політичного устрою, візуальної пропаганди та ідей, що транслюються суспільством. Для встановлення впливу нового політичного устрою на зміни у сфері тілесності використані методи історичного, соціокультурного, мистецтвознавчого, естетичного та структурно-композиційного аналізу. Систематизовано ряд наукових праць з історії дизайну одягу, упорядковано матеріали з приватної сфери життя періоду НЕПа. Наукова новизна дослідження полягає в спробі проаналізувати ступінь впливу політичних соціальних та культурних подій 1917-1930рр. на зміну уявлень особистості стосовно нижньої білизни. В результаті: встановлено особливості ідеологічної пропаганди 1917-1930рр., яка мала властивості контролювати та змінювати людину втручаючись у сферу інтимного. Виявлено основні принципи та методи формоутворення білизни періоду НЕПа. Встановлено що репрезентація тілесності залежить напряму від політичних, економічних та візуальних вподобань в суспільстві.
ПОЛЯРИЗАЦИЯ СВЕТА В ЧИСТОЙ АТМОСФЕРЕ НА БОЛЬШОЙ ВЫСОТЕ
Authors: Собиров Махмуд , Розиков Журабек , Рузибоев Валижон , Ходиев Икбол
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрена история изучения поляризации светового полета и его связи с атмосферными условиями. Приводится информация о использовании поляризации с помощью светового люка в качестве индикатора существования более крупных типов частиц в атмосфере. Акцентируется внимание на существующих вопросах и разногласиях относительно влияния человеческой деятельности на возможное накопление атмосферных частиц.
HIGH POWER TRANSURETHRAL THULIUM:YAG LASER VAPOENUCLEATION OF PROSTATE – A NEW STANDARD IN BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA SURGERY
Authors: Plesacov Alexei , Vladanov Ivan , Ghicavii Vitalii
Published: March 2021

According to current reccomandations, open adenomectomy is considered the most efficient surgical option for patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia. In order to reduce surgical trauma and to improuve postoperative recovery, there have been proposed several minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of large benign prostatic hyperplasia, the most innovative being laser surgery. High power Thulium:YAG laser vapoenucleation of prostate is becoming popular for minimal invasive surgical management of benign prostate hyperplasia.
ANALYSIS OF ENDOUROLOGICAL TREATMENT TECHNIQUES OF URINARY BLADDER TUMORS
Authors: Vladanov Ivan , Plesacov Alexei , Ghicavii Vitalii
Published: March 2021

Transurethral resection is very important not only for diagnosis and treatment of NMIBC, but also for its management. The application field of transurethral resection includes establishing histological diagnosis, determination of prognostic factors including the tumor stage, complete resection of all detected tumors of urinary bladder. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is the standard technique for the diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. This method has also some limitations. One of the limitations is the insufficient assessment of the resection depth. It leads to the necessity of intravesical tumor fragmentation, but its disadvantage is that it limits the histopathological evaluation. In order to improve the treatment outcome for patients with non-muscular invasive bladder tumors, several new techniques such as En-bloc resection were proposed.
DETERMINATION OF METALS AND RADIONUCLIDES BY NEWEST FUNCTIONALIZED REAGENTS IN LIQUID MEDIA
Authors: Shapovalov Serghey , Krasnoperova Alla , Yukhno Galina , Efimova Natalia
Published: March 2021

The conditions for the formation of metal complexes (aluminium, radionuclides) in solutions are considered. The properties of solid extractants (TVEX) and their application for the selective extraction of metals and radionuclides are discussed. The extraction of 90Sr, 90Y, 137Cs and U(VI) radionuclides from aqueous TVEX solutions impregnated with calixarenes C45 and CIP67 has been studied. The use of surfactants in combination with OAR (PA) is a typical example of the fact that the analytical capabilities of even well-known reagents are far from exhausted, and the use of functionalized reagents can significantly improve the basic analytical characteristics of metal detection.
Akçaağaç Şurubu İdrar Hastalığı Ve Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisi
Authors: MUSLU Mücahit , KÖK Cansu
Published: March 2021

Akçaağaç şurubu idrar hastalığı, dallı zincirli a-ketoasit dehidrojenaz enzim kompleksinin olmaması veya yeterli üretilememesi sonucu dallı zincirli aminoasitler ve metabolitlerinin birikmesiyle ortaya çıkan otozomal resesif geçişli nadir görülen bir hastalıktır. Hastalığın farklı fenotip özellik gösteren türleri bulunmaktadır. Hafif belirtilerden koma ve ölüme kadar gidebilen geniş bir aralıkta bulgular gösterebilmektedir. Hastalığın tedavisinde lösin, izolösin ve valinden kısıtlı ömür boyu süren diyet uygulanmaktadır. Diyet tedavisinde amaç büyüme ve gelişmeyi sağlarken özellikle lösin yükselmesiyle oluşabilecek nörotoksik etkiyi engellemektir. Hastanın ihtiyaçlarına uygun olacak şekilde enerji ve makro besin öğeleri hesaplanarak aynı zamanda kanda toksik etki göstermeyecek kadar da lösin, izolösin ve valin içeren diyet planlanmaktadır. Yüksek protein içeren birçok besinde lösin, izolösin ve valin bulunduğundan dolayı özel hazırlanmış lösin, izolösin ve valin içermeyen formulalar, düşük lösin içerikli besinler, yağlar, şeker ve nişasta beslenme tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Hastaların farklı yaşlarda, gebelik gibi özel durumlarda veya katabolik süreçlerde ihtiyaçları değişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada akçaağaç şurubu idrar hastalığı hastaları için uygulanan tıbbi beslenme tedavisi önerileri incelenmiştir.
Türk Beşeri Coğrafyasında İhmal Edilmiş Bir Paradigma: Hümanist Coğrafya
Authors: ÖZGÜR E.murat
Published: March 2021

Bu değerlendirme yazısı, Türkiye’de coğrafyacıların geçmişte ihmal ettiği bir paradigma olan hümanistik coğrafyayı yeniden ele almaktadır. Bu felsefi anlayışın yeniden ele alınması, iki temel nedene dayanmaktadır. Birincisi, hümanist coğrafya hakkında ayrıntılı bilgiler vererek ve yakın zamanlarda ortaya çıkan yeni paradigmalara bağlantı kurarak Türk beşeri coğrafya literatüründeki bazı boşlukları doldurmak istenmektedir. İkinci neden, günümüzde yeniden önem kazanan insan-yer ilişkileri bağlamında deneyim, anlam, bağlılık ve kimlik gibi konuları inceleyecek yeni nesil beşeri coğrafyacılara araştırmalarında hümanist bir anlayış sağlamaktır. Bu bağlamda makale, Batılı hümanist coğrafya literatürüne dayalı olarak bu bilimsel araştırma programının ortaya çıkışını, gelişimini, güncel durumunu ve anahtar özelliklerini gözden geçirmektedir. Türk toplumunun sosyo-kültürel özelliklerini ve Türkiye’nin peyzajlarını anlamak ve coğrafya bilgimizi zenginleştirmek için bu makale hümanist coğrafyayı yeniden düşünmenin faydalı olabileceğini ileri sürmektedir.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding atrial fibrillation among primary care physicians: the potential role of postgraduate training
Authors: Ooi Phaik Choo , Ramayah Gogilavendan , Omar Syahril Rizwan , Rajadorai Vilasini , Nadarajah Thatsheila , Ting Chung Hui , Teng Cheong Lieng
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known to lead to stroke and thromboembolism, causing a five-fold increase in the risk of stroke and almost doubling the mortality rate. Optimal anticoagulant therapy is effective in reducing AF-related death. However, prescription of anticoagulants in AF in East Asian countries has been low, ranging from 0.5% to 28%. This study aimed to determine whether vocational training in family medicine improves primary care physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practice in the management of AF.
Method: This investigation was a cross-sectional study carried out during centralized workshops for two groups of trainees using a validated questionnaire: (i) junior trainees were newly enrolled postgraduate trainees in the Graduate Certificate in Family Medicine (GCFM) program, and (ii) senior trainees were postgraduate trainees in Advance Training in Family Medicine (ATFM) programs of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia (AFPM).
Results: A total of 223 trainees (127 junior and 96 senior) participated in this study. Only 55.2% of the trainees passed the knowledge test; senior trainees were more likely to pass the knowledge test compared to junior trainees (69.8% vs. 44.1%, p <0.001). Female trainees were significantly more likely to pass the knowledge test than male trainees. While the attitude of senior and junior trainees was similar, more of the latter group worked in public clinic that provide better support where there is better support for outpatient anticoagulation treatment (e.g., same-day INR test, direct access echocardiogram, and warfarin in in-house pharmacy).
Conclusion: Vocational training in family medicine appears to improve primary care physicians’ knowledge regarding the management of AF. Better knowledge will help vocationally trained primary care physicians to provide anticoagulation treatment for AF within primary care clinics. More optimal AF management within primary care can take place if the identified barriers are addressed and a shared care plan can be implemented.
GENDER AND LANGUAGE IN THE LABOUR MARKET: ANALYSIS OF JOB ADVERTISEMENTS IN SLOVENIA BETWEEN 1958 AND 2018
Authors: Mikić Jasna
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The present article explores the use of grammatical forms in job advertisements published over the
past 60 years (1958, 1978, 1998 and 2018). A historical
examination of the use of gender forms in employment
is based on analysis of job advertisements published
in the Slovenian language, and the particular socioeconomic context. The results show that the frequency
of use of the masculine, feminine and neutral forms
has not drastically altered over the decades. In general,
feminine and neutral forms were used less frequently,
and the masculine grammatical form consistently dominates. In 2018, the latter was seemingly ‘neutralised’ by
adding the abbreviation M/F
Exploring the role of soil storage capacity for explaining deviations from the Budyko curve using a simple water balance model
Authors: Bondy Jan , Wienhöfer Jan , Pfister Laurent , Zehe Erwin
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The Budyko curve is a widely used framework for predicting the steady-state water balance –solely based on the hydro-climatic setting of river basins. While this framework has been tested and verified across a wide range of climates and settings around the globe, numerous catchments have been reported to considerably deviate from the predicted behavior. Here, we hypothesize that storage capacity and field capacity of the root zone are important controls of the water limitation of evapotranspiration and thus deviations of the mean annual water balance from the Budyko curve. For testing our hypothesis, we selected 16 catchments of different climatic settings and varied the corresponding parameters of a simple water balance model that was previously calibrated against long-term data and investigated the corresponding variations of the simulated water balance in the Budyko space. We found that total soil storage capacity –by controlling water availability and limitation of evapotranspiration– explains deviations of the evaporation ratio (EVR) from the Budyko curve. Similarly, however to a lesser extent, the evaporation ratio showed sensitivity to alterations of the field capacity. In most cases, the parameter variations generated evaporation ratios enveloping the Budyko curve. The distinct soil storage volumes that matched the Budyko curve clustered at a normalized storage capacity equivalent to 5–15 % of mean annual precipitation. The second, capillarity-related soil parameter clustered at around 0.6–0.8, which is in line with its hydropedological interpretation. A simultaneous variation of both parameters provided additional insights into the interrelation of both parameters and their joint control on offsets from the Budyko curve. Here we found three different sensitivity patterns and we conclude the study with a reflection relating these offsets to the concept of catchment coevolution. The results of this study could also be useful to facilitate evaluation of the water balance in data-scarce regions, as they help constrain parameterizations for hydrological models a priori using the Budyko curve as a predictor.
Investigating the loads and performance of a model horizontal axis wind turbine under reproducible IEC extreme operational conditions
Authors: Shirzadeh Kamran , Hangan Horia , Crawford Curran , Hashemi Tari Pooyan
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The power generation and loading dynamic responses of a 2.2 m diameter horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) under some of the IEC 61400-1 transient extreme operational conditions, more specifically extreme wind shears (EWSs) and extreme operational gust (EOG), that were reproduced at the WindEEE Dome at Western University were investigated. The global forces were measured by a multi-axis force balance at the HAWT tower base. The unsteady horizontal shear induced a significant yaw moment on the rotor with a dynamic similar to that of the extreme event without affecting the power generation. The EOG severely affected all the performance parameters of the turbine.
Surrogate-based aeroelastic design optimization of tip extensions on a modern 10 MW wind turbine
Authors: Barlas Thanasis , Ramos-García Néstor , Pirrung Georg Raimund , González Horcas Sergio
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Advanced aeroelastically optimized tip extensions are among rotor innovation concepts which could contribute to the higher performance and lower cost of
wind turbines. A novel design optimization framework for wind turbine blade tip extensions based on surrogate aeroelastic modeling is presented. An
academic wind turbine is modeled in an aeroelastic code equipped with a near-wake aerodynamic module, and tip extensions with complex shapes are
parametrized using 11 design variables. The design space is explored via full aeroelastic simulations in extreme turbulence, and a surrogate model is
fitted to the data. Direct optimization is performed based on the surrogate model seeking to maximize the power of the retrofitted turbine within
the ultimate load constraints. The presented optimized design achieves a load-neutral gain of up to 6 % in annual energy production. Its
performance is further evaluated in detail by means of the near-wake model used for the generation of the surrogate model and compared with a
higher-fidelity aerodynamic module comprising a hybrid filament-particle-mesh vortex method with a lifting-line implementation. A good agreement
between the solvers is obtained at low turbulence levels, while differences in predicted power and flapwise blade root bending moment grow with
increasing turbulence intensity.
Book Review—At Our Best: Building Youth–Adult Partnerships in Out-of-School Time Settings
Authors: Ross Laurie
Published: March 2021

Gretchen Brion-Meilsels, Jessica Tseming Fei, and Deepa Sriya Vasduevan’s At Our Best: Building Youth–Adult Partnerships in Out-of-School Time Settings brings together the work of over 50 youth and adults to build a youth–adult partnership praxis centered around ideas of trust, problem-solving methodologies, democratic participation, and collective action. The book, focusing on youth–adult partnerships for the purpose of social change, explores a set of field-expanding questions such as, “What do youth–adult partnerships look like in practice?” and “What are the relational and organizational practices that enable youth–adult partnerships to exist?” In addition to youth workers and youth development organizations, other groups of adults would benefit from reading the chapters’ rich exploration of dilemmas and strategies, such as funders, K-12 educators, and evaluators. Ultimately, this book honors young people and youth workers as important actors in social change and elevates the importance of their joint efforts. The deep relationship between youth work and a strong democracy clearly emerges, challenging us all to be “at our best.”
Using the 4-H Essential Elements to Evaluate Teen Programming
Authors: Lile Joy R. , Weybright Elizabeth H. , Watson Pam
Published: March 2021

National and state trends indicate participation in 4-H programming declines throughout adolescence. Past research suggests factors that may influence recruitment and retention of teens into youth development programming. Washington State University undertook an evaluation to understand the needs and desires of teens in the 4-H program and make recommendations for improvements to recruitment and retention of teens in 4-H. The study sample was made up of 93 young people aged 12 to 19 years who participated in the online survey. Results included youth demographics, participation styles, communication preferences, youth outcomes, and feedback about program benefits and opportunities for growth. The results of this study are reviewed and framed within the 4-H Essential Elements. Recommendations are made to leverage youth voice and encourage innovation in 4-H teen programming.
Warmia and Masuria in the face of the rebirth of the republic of Poland in 1918
Authors: Chłosta Jan
Published: March 2021

W niniejszym artykule ujęte zostały starania Polaków z Prus Wschodnich o włączenie tych ziem do odro�dzonej Rzeczypospolitej w 1918 roku. Na początku omówiono aktywizację narodową, podjętą z pomocą działaczy
z innych części zaboru pruskiego, zwłaszcza na Mazurach. Sprowadzały się one do utworzenia polskich gazet („Ga�zeta Ludowa”, „Mazur”, „Mazurski Przyjaciel Ludu), banków, towarzystw kulturalno-oświatowych. Z kolei Polacy
z południowej Warmii byli pewni, że po zakończeniu I wojny światowej ta ziemia, znajdzie się w Rzeczypospolitej.
Rozważano tylko jak daleko na północ od Olsztyna sięgać będzie granica z Niemcami. Utworzone Polskie Rady
Ludowe przygotowywały się do przyjęcia władzy, ich delegaci brali udział w Sejmie Dzielnicowym Rad Ludowych
w Poznaniu (3–5 XII 1918 r), przygotowywali się do wyborów polskiego Sejmu Ustawodawczego. Tymczasem na
Konferencji Pokojowej w Paryżu postanowiono, że o przynależności państwowej jedenastu powiatów południo�wych Prus Wschodnich zdecydować maja plebiscyty. Polska te głosowania 11 lipca 1920 r. przegrała, ale podjęte
przed plebiscytami działania kulturalno-oświatowe wpłynęły na ukształtowanie się zastępu działaczy, którzy po�dejmą w okresie międzywojennym pracę narodową w takich organizacjach jak: Związek Polaków w Niemczech,
Związku Towarzystw Młodzieży w Prusach Wschodnich, Związku Polskich Towarzystw Szkolnych w Niemczech.
Profesor Anna Szyfer (1931–2018)
Authors: Sakson Andrzej
Published: March 2021

Wspomnienie profesor Anny Szyfer (1931-2018) etnolog i dialektolog, badaczki kultury ludowej Warmii i Mazur.
Contacts between the mendicant religious orders and guilds in
the Teutonic Order’s and Royal Prussia in the 14th–16th centuries
Authors: Kubicki Rafał
Published: March 2021

The article examines the mutual relations between the mendicants and guilds in the towns of Teutonic Or�der and Royal Prussia in the 14th–16th centuries. The preserved sources, in their widest extent, concern the issue
of monastic prayer commitments. They show that, in relation to costs, only the largest and richest guilds could
afford to have their own chapels, more had altars within monastic churches, and the poorest could only perhaps
afford to pay individual monasteries for prayer obligations. The documents also indicate that at the time of the mo�nastic economic crisis, caused by the progress of the Reformation and, consequently, the loss of income from the
collection of alms and indulgences, they sought compensation for establishing cooperation with non–guild crafts�men, who, in exchange for paying fees to monasteries, were able to manufacture their products within their ser�vice buildings. These rights in Gdańsk and Toruń were confirmed by the king, usually specifying that the named
individual could work only for the needs of the monasteries. Subsequent practice indicated that these provisions
were violated, and attempts to sell goods caused numerous conflicts in which the town council became involved.
Grodzisko in Porębek, Kętrzyn district, site 3.
Preliminary results of excavations
Authors: Wadyl Sławomir
Published: March 2021

In 2017 excavations were started on the fortification in Porębek, Kętrzyn district, site 3. Two excavations
were performed during the work along the NE-SW axis (Figure 3). Trench 1/2017 (measuring 10 x 5 m) was
opened within the “upper castle” – it included the area from the top of the rampart located on the NW side of this
area and part of the courtyard. Trench 2/2017 (measuring 10 x 3 m) was delineated within the “lower castle” – it
encompassed the courtyard from its SE edge and was perpendicular to the ditch. A total area of 80 square meters
was uncovered. The interesting remains of a 13th-century building of the two-part stronghold were discovered.
The source materials suggest that this place was inhabited earlier – in the Early Iron Age and in the Early Middle
Ages. The stratigraphy seems to indicate large scale construction work, during which time the terrain was com�pletely transformed. The discovery at the foot of the upper castle, in the Guber river valley, was extremely valuable.
Conference „Reminiscencje Reformacji.
Prusy – Mazury 1517–2017” (Olsztyn 12–13 of October 2017)
Authors: Sokal Joanna
Published: March 2021

Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej "Reminiscencje reformacji. Prusy-Mazury 1517-2017" (Olsztyn 12-13 października 2017 roku)
The Fate of the Students of the Papal Alumnate in Braniewo
in the 16th and 17th Centuries
Authors: Zielonka Rafał
Published: March 2021

hanks to the Jesuits, Braniewo became an important and popular educational centre. The Jesuit gymna�sium, diocesan seminary and from 1578 a papal seminary have also been praised in Warmia’s history. The role of
the latter institution was to educate students in the spirit of the Catholic faith. The task of the graduates originating
largely from the Nordic countries was to return to their homeland and promote their re-Catholicisation. However,
many Finns, Norwegians and Swedes, due to the anti-Catholic legislation of these countries and the fluctuating
political situation, could not cope, and those who tried were in danger of receiving the highest punishment. For is reason, the influx of Scandinavians into the papal seminary fell dramatically. Many graduates after their ordi�nation took up work in, amongst other places, the diocese of Warmia, and some of them found their place in the
circle of King Sigismund III Vasa.
From State Real Estate to State Farms (1946–1982)
– The Characteristics of Sources for the History of Agriculture Nationalised
in the State Archives in Olsztyn
Authors: Maciejko Karol
Published: March 2021

The article presents sources for the history of state agriculture in 1946–1982 housed in the State Archives
in Olsztyn. Firstly, it provides an outline of the organisational changes of state farms (PGRs) over time, taking into account the competences of individual organizational units. This is followed by the characteristics of the contents
of the archives according to the structure presented in the first part. As the detailed analysis was conducted on
the organization and legacy of state–level agricultural holdings, the whole was supplemented by a short descrip�tion of other sources and their creators, which contain information on the functioning of agriculture in the years
1946–1982 and stored in the State Archive in Olsztyn.
On the Origin of the Königsberg Professor of Medicine,
Andrzej Jan Orlovius (Orłowski)
Authors: Oracki Tadeusz
Published: March 2021

This article concerns Andrzej Jan Orlovius (Orłowski), living in the years 1735–1788, professor of med�icine in Königsberg, and is an important supplement to the research to date, in which he was mentioned as a
Lithuanian, whilst in fact he derived from a Masurian family in Prussia
The Teachers’ Training School in Olsztyn in 1954–1969.
A Contribution to Research on Pedagogical Education in Warmia and Masuria
Authors: Radziszewska Maria
Published: March 2021

The Teachers’ Training School in Olsztyn was founded in 1954 by the pedagogue Bolesław Wytrążka. Its
task was to educate primary school teachers in grades V–VII to meet the needs of the Olsztyn voivodeship. The
studies took place in daily and extramural forms. In the Olsztyn branch, the curriculum implemented compulsory
subjects as well as compulsory classes. The programme of education consisted of compulsory subjects and ped�agogical practice, writing diploma theses and submitting diploma exams. Graduates were able to continue their
studies at the third year of higher education. The Teacher Training College in Olsztyn was liquidated in 1969. His
task was taken over by the Higher School of Teachers in Olsztyn.
The chronicle of the Teacher’s Studies in Olsztyn presented in the annex is preserved solely in the original
and not in any other copies of the manuscript. It is stored in the collections of the Archives and Museum of the
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The text of the chronicle was printed, and the use of cursive enabled
the author to apply footnotes and to deal with shortcuts
Concerning the Old Prussian origin of the Szczurowskis
Authors: Szczurowski Piotr
Published: March 2021

The Szczurowski clan of Szczurowo in the parish of Pniewnik in the Livland belongs to the Prus heraldic
clan which is reliably confirmed by documents from the 15th and 16th centuries. The forefather of the Szczurowskis
– Andrzej of Szczurowo – came from the Zakroczym County in the Zakroczym Land to the Liv Land in AD 1431.
The name of Szczurowo was brought with him from the Zakroczym Land. The place of origin of his ancestors is
uncertain, but there is some basis to believe that they came to the Zakroczym Land from the Grójec County in the
Czersk Land.
Probably in this area the forefathers of the Prus heraldic clan received first feoffments in the second half
of the 13th century. They were Old Prussian refugees and they were named in the chivalric privilege of the dukes of
Mazovia in AD 1345. It is impossible to determine the exact moment when the Prus heraldic clan forefathers came
to Mazovia. Nonetheless, it is rationally justified to believe that it took place in the late sixties or the early seventies
of the 13th century and was related to the Great Prussian Uprising against the Teutonic Order
here is no certainty about which Old Prussian land is the place of origin of the Prus clan forefathers but
we can be sure that they came to Mazovia and then scattered across the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The
source documents analysis and application of the name criterion (paternal names inheritance) lead to the conclu�sion that the heirs of Szczurowo and probably related to them the heirs of Gościeńczyce are directly descended
from Old Prussian knights named in the chivalric privilege of AD 1345. It is possible that they were related to 13th
century Old Prussians from Pomesania and perhaps came from Sambia. Therefore, we can propose a cautious
hypothesis that Sambia was the place of origin of the Prus heraldic clan forefathers
The Establishment of the Prussian Fiefdom in 1525.
Discontinuity from the Treaty of Toruń or its continuation?
Authors: Makiłła Dariusz
Published: March 2021

The subject of the article is the establishment of the legal basis and conditions for the transformation of the
Prussian part of the Teutonic Order’s state, previously under theocratic authority, subjected to Polish sovereigntly
under the Peace of Thorn from 1466, into the secular duchy which, after the Treaty of Kraków in 1525 became
a fiefdom of Poland, as well as discussing the legal nature of the transformation and the manner in which it was
implemented.
The privileges of the settlement by the castle at Pisz in 1367
Authors: Białuński Grzegorz
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses, in detail, the content of the privileges for the residents of the settlement by the castle
at Pisz from 10 November 1367, which were presented simultaneously by the commander of Balga and the Natan�gian advocate Ulryk Fricke. The commander provided the right to fish freely, maintain apiaries and hunt, and the
inhabitants also received the Kulm law, although this was not mentioned in the document. From the beginning,
the community also had a clear role in serving the castle garrison, tasked with the economic exploitation of the
forest and wetlands. The inhabitants, however, were free, with the status of gardeners, and were referred to above
all as bee keepers or fishermen.
The garrison of Pisz (Johannisburg) in 1656–1658
Authors: Augusiewicz Sławomir
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the origins, composition, organizational structure and size of Colonel Dietrich von
Lessgewang’s company, which was formed in the spring of 1656 as the garrison of the fortress in Pisz. At the same
time, it critically refers to existing information in the historical literature on other military units at Pisz before 1655
or during the war in 1655–1660. Before 1655, Pisz had no permanent garrison, and in response to the Swedish
threat, and then from the Commonwealth, a company from the field regiments was temporarily installed there.
Lessgewang’s company was the first permanent garrison at Pisz, but was only in the fortress until the autumn of
1658. Later it was moved to Königsberg, and in July 1660 it was dissolved
Bezławki versus Święta Lipka, concerning the building of a rural house
for the confirmed on the border of historical Warmia in the 19th century .
Authors: Jodkowski Marek
Published: March 2021

In 1855 Fr. Otto Hartmann Dobgan took the initiative of establishing a house for the confirmed in Bez�ławki. In his view, such a centre would counterbalance the proselytism of the Catholic priests in Święta Lipka. They
took the children from poor Evangelical families who were then preparing for their First Holy Communion. A
small house in Bezławki, intended for the confirmed, was purchased on 1 October, 1856. It was designated for use
a month later. At first, eight pupils lived there free of charge while preparing for their confirmation. A decision was
quickly made to build a new facility. The dedication of the foundational stone was scheduled for 19 April, 1857. In
October of that year the work was completed. The consecration of the building took place on 26 June, 1858. This
investment was supported by evangelical organizations, especially the Gustavus Adolphus Union, who co-funded
the activities of the house. Its caretakers included the Schwarz family, the teacher of Thal and Haases. The centre
survived until World War II
The construction of an Evangelical church in Barczewo in the 19th century
Authors: Jodkowski Marek
Published: March 2021

In 1823, the evangelicals in Barczewo received an oratory for the celebration of liturgical services.
Soon it became apparent that it was too small to accommodate the increasing number of congregants. In 1834,
the royal court devised plans to reconstruct this structure. Two years later, a Franciscan church was planned
to be built to house the Evangelical church. However, the Bishop of Warmia did not approve of this project. In
1844, the state authorities in Berlin recognised the need to erect the Evangelical church in Barczewo, but no
construction work was undertaken at that time. At the synod in 1862, it was proposed to build in this place a
“Church of Gratitude” (Dankeskirche) for the miraculous rescue of the Prussian ruler in Baden-Baden. Probably in January 1868, the state treasury filed the case of the Barczewo parish, questioning its right to donate
due to royal patronage. At the same time, the parish priest Fr. Otto Hass promoted a fund raising campaign
for the construction of a church in the whole Prussian state, asking for a donation of one thaler. By November
1871 more than 5000 thalers had been collected. The church was probably built on the basis of Georg Gustav
Erbkam’s project. Its dedication took place on September 28, 1871.
Bishop Wydżga’s concerns for Warmia
Authors: Achremczyk Stanisław
Published: March 2021

Bishop Jan Stefan Wydżga was in the government of Warmia during the Polish-Swedish War. Following
the end of the war, there was no peace for the episcopal domain. The bishop’s concern was to free Frombork and
Braniewo from the Brandenburgian occupation. He managed to free Frombork from the elector’s armies relatively
quickly, whilst Braniewo was only left by Brandenburgian forces in October 1663. However, the threat from Brandenburg remained. When the Brandenburgian contingent was on its way to Ukraine, Warmia provided fodder and
food, and when it returned it passed through the domain or nearby, the inhabitants again had to provision it. The bishop became alaramed in 1678, when a Swedish invasion of Royal Prussia. It seemed that the war would also
affect the domain of Warmia. There was fear. Bishop Wydżga was constantly concerned about the taxation of the
Polish troops. Taxes were passed by the Parliamentary General of Royal Prussia, the bishops in the Sejms agreed
to the extraordinary taxes, and finally the priesthood had to provide a hyberne. Wydżgaand the canons did not
object to the taxes, the hybernas brought in money which saved Warmia from the stopover of the crown’s armies.
In the bishop’s correspondence tax issues occupy a substantial amount of space – to pay or delay with payment.
Wydżga even brought in prepayments before the relevant tax resolutions were passed, he was afraid of the unpunished soldiers. The internal affairs of Warmia caused him a lot of trouble but he was able to deal with the problems
extremely well. The bishop complained he had to financially support the manor, the poor, to repair the churches
and to rebuild the Warmia after the destruction of the Polish-Swedish War. However, in his correspondence there
is no mention of building a baroque mansion; at most repairing the buildings in the forecourt. It can therefore be
concluded that the construction of the baroque palace on the southern side of the castle cannot be attributed to
him. At most, Wydżga repaired the buildings constructed by Bishop Maurice Ferber.
Preliminary results of excavations at the hillfort in Węgielsztyn, Węgorzewo County
in 2016
Authors: Wadyl Sławomir
Published: March 2021

The stronghold is located about 1 km south of the centre of the village and about 0.35 km south-east of
the shore of Lake Węgielsztyńskie. During the excavations quite a large number of artefacts were recovered. The
ceramic assemblage included around 3,500 fragments. In addition, about 500 fragments of animal bone were
discovered, as well as several dozen artefacts, most of which were for daily use. The preliminary analysis of the
materials indicates that the hill was intensively used in the early Iron Age (the second half of the first millennium
BC). At that time, the settlement was at least partially fortified and seems to have been permanently inhabited.
The next phase of intensive use was in the early Middle Ages.