bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stav potrošača u Vojvodini prema kozjem mlijeku i proizvodima od kozjeg mlijeka
Authors: Paskaš Snežana , Miočinović Jelena , Lopičić-Vasić Tijana , Mugoša Izabela , Pajić Marija , Becskei Zsolt
Published: June 2020

This study presents the results of a survey conducted in the Province of
Vojvodina, Serbia to investigate consumers’ attitudes towards goat milk
and goat milk products. Furthermore, the factors affecting consumer perception and subjective norms with respect to purchase were examined. The quantitative random survey was conducted and the data were collected
using a structured questionnaire. The findings from this study revealed
significantly lower acceptance of goat milk and dairy products compared
to bovine milk and dairy products. Of total 440 respondents, 24.2 % had
never consumed goat milk with significant positive impact (p<0.05) of age on consumption was found. Among, respondents, mostly the young population (18-25 years) does not consume goat milk. The study identified the odour (42.3 %) and taste (22.5 %) as the main barriers for consuming goat milk. In regard to purchasing, more than half of interviewed respondents do not buy goat milk and dairy products (67 % and 70.5 %, respectively) while the rest respondents expressed very low purchasing frequency. Health benefits represent the most important reason for potential consuming goat milk and dairy products (66.5 %). On
the other hand, the main motives for purchasing bovine milk and dairy products are taste and quality (55.5 %). In particular, the oldest surveyed population (40-55 years) seemed to be the most positive group toward goat milk and the most interested in the product’s nutritional value and its health impact. The main category of goat dairy products purchased among surveyed respondents was cheese. These findings suggest that for better positioning on the market and for producing price-competitive products goat milk and dairy products should be more clarified as either quality products or products with added value or as products with unique health benefits.
O sistema de justiça biologizante-mecanicista na hermenêutica poético-linguística
Authors: Tredinnick André Felipe Alves da Costa , Oliveira Maria Helena Barros de
Published: June 2020

RESUMO O presente texto analisa o sistema de justiça biologizante-mecanicista, assim entendido o hegemônico pela hermenêutica poético-linguística heideggeriana. Para tanto, é utilizado o ensaio crítico, forma de pensamento de maior alcance que a dogmática de uma metodologia, como diz Adorno. De início, apresenta-se a hermenêutica poético-linguística, que demonstra que, em algumas ocasiões, pensamentos sedimentados impedem a abertura de perspectivas para o reexame radical de uma questão. Não raras vezes, o pensamento ocidental encontra-se moldado pela perspectiva da metafísica-conceitual, que limita a investigação à localização de essências e à busca de categorias para satisfazer essa cosmologia. A seguir, demonstra-se que sistema de justiça convencional é herança do medievo sem solução de continuidade em suas concepções até os dias de hoje em todas as suas formulações estruturantes. Na Modernidade, é permeado por teses vitalistas e mecanicistas com pretensões a justificá-lo de um ponto de vista racional. Tais teses modernas, embora superadas pela ciência, continuam a constituir paradigma ativo do sistema de justiça contemporâneo. Assim, vem sendo construído como um algoritmo, a restringir a atividade humana, criativa e caótica, a uma função maquinal. A repercussão para o processo saúde-doença é apreciável e deve ser investigada apropriadamente.
Sistema educacional inclusivo constitucional e o atendimento educacional especializado
Authors: Franco Adriana Marques dos Santos Laia , Schutz Gabriel Eduardo
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Este estudo versa sobre o direito constitucional à educação inclusiva. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio de livros, leis, decretos, artigos e convenções internacionais, verificou-se que o ordenamento jurídico constitucional brasileiro adotou o paradigma educacional da inclusão, que prevê a igualdade de condições para o acesso e para a permanência de todos os alunos no ensino regular. A análise da legislação pertinente ao tema mostrou que o sistema educacional inclusivo constitucional, no Brasil, não prevê a existência de ambientes segregados nem de salas especiais. Todos os alunos devem frequentar o ensino regular, sendo ofertado o Atendimento Educacional Especializado, de forma complementar e no turno inverso ao da escolarização, considerando as especificidades dos estudantes com deficiência, de modo a identificar, elaborar e organizar recursos pedagógicos e de acessibilidade que eliminem as barreiras para a plena participação desses alunos.
Financeirização, fundo público e os limites à universalidade da saúde
Authors: Souza Diego de Oliveira
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Este ensaio possui como objetivo refletir sobre as repercussões da financeirização da economia para a proposta de um sistema universal de saúde. A partir de uma abordagem ontológica de cariz materialista histórico, apresenta-se a conjuntura da dinâmica financeira e como ela se expressa em orientações do Banco Mundial para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS); decifram-se os mecanismos causais do subfinanciamento do SUS, afastando-o da universalidade plena; e demonstram-se os limites estruturais do fundo público, enquanto mediação importante à efetivação de um sistema universal de saúde.
Tendências da participação no SUS: a ênfase na instrumentalidade e na interface interestatal
Authors: Kruger Tânia Regina , Oliveira Andreia
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Diante da conjuntura de austeridade fiscal, da regressividade dos direitos sociais e da gestão pública de base democrática, o presente manuscrito teve por objetivo analisar as tendências da participação na saúde. Para tanto, realizou-se estudo de documentos emitidos pela OMS/Opas/Brasil, Banco Mundial e registros do seminário internacional sobre o futuro dos sistemas universais de saúde, promovido por entidade de gestores públicos (Conass). A pesquisa bibliográfica contemplou estudos publicados em periódicos da área da saúde vinculados a entidades acadêmico-cientificas que constituíram as bases político-organizativas do movimento de reforma sanitária brasileira, além de outros periódicos nacionais que dedicaram número especial aos 30 anos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O estudo encontrou nos documentos internacionais referências a uma participação instrumental, despolitizada e do tipo parceria Estado-sociedade-mercado, quando comparada com as bases democráticas de articulação política do movimento de reforma sanitária. A ênfase dos documentos é para uma gestão e uma participação com base na interface interestatal na qual o Estado é mais um sujeito na realização dos serviços de saúde. No entanto, há uma tímida valorização da institucionalidade participativa no evento do Conass e um silenciamento quanto ao tema nos periódicos da área, nas publicações comemorativas dos 30 anos do SUS.
Formação política na graduação em enfermagem: o movimento estudantil em defesa do SUS
Authors: Sousa Jaciara Alves , Farias Quitéria Larissa Teodoro , Costa Mariana Moreira da , Fontenele Júnior Antônio Ademar Moreira
Published: June 2020

RESUMO O movimento estudantil configura-se como um espaço de expressão política na saúde, deixando marcas importantes na construção e na implantação do Sistema único de Saúde (SUS). Nos cursos de enfermagem, esses ambientes são materializados pela participação nos Centros e Diretórios Acadêmicos e proporcionam o entendimento de fatores e problemas do contexto social, o que permite o conhecimento da realidade pelos discentes. Este estudo trata-se de um relato de experiência, construído por meio das mobilizações proporcionadas pelo Centro Acadêmico Wanda de Aguiar Horta do curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú em Sobral, Ceará, no período de 2017 a 2019, abordando as contribuições do movimento estudantil na sustentabilidade do SUS. Percebe-se que o movimento estudantil representa um processo de mobilização e resistência contra o desmonte do SUS expresso por meio da exposição e do debate de opiniões na luta a favor da melhoria da atenção à saúde pública. Na formação em enfermagem, enquanto categoria com participação expressiva da composição dos colaboradores do SUS, esses movimentos objetivam a criação de uma comunidade acadêmica mais politizada e atuante. Assim, nessa realidade de tentativa de descontinuidade do SUS, percebe-se a importância do resgate do protagonismo estudantil nas lutas sociais com finalidade de contribuir para superar essa realidade de retrocesso.
Dosage of heparin for patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in cancer patients
Authors: Oliveira Francisca Jane Gomes de , Rodrigues Andrea Bezerra , Ramos Islane Costa , Caetano Joselany Áfio
Published: June 2020

Objective: to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the lowest necessary dose of heparin to maintain the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in adult cancer patients. Method: an integrative literature review, carried out in the following databases: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências de Saúde, Sciverse Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, including thirteen studies. Results: the evidence showed that the dose of heparin (300 IU/ml) is the most used in maintaining the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter. Conclusion: according to the selected studies, the lowest dose of heparin found in maintaining the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in cancer patients was 10 UN/ml with a volume of 5 ml of the heparin solution.
Factors associated with sexually transmitted infections in sugarcane cutters: subsidies to caring for*
Authors: Soares Juliana Pontes , Teles Sheila Araújo , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Amorim Thaynara Ferreira , Freire Maria Eliane Moreira , Nogueira Jordana de Almeida , Oliveira Brunna Rodrigues de , Leadebal Oriana Deyze Correia Paiva , Araújo Patricia da Silva , Silva Ana Cristina de Oliveira e
Published: June 2020

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and associated factors in sugarcane cutters. Method: a cross-sectional, analytical study with 937 sugarcane cutters from Paraíba and Goiás, states of Brazil, respectively. An outcome variable was the positive results in some rapid tests for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C. Bivariate and multiple analyses were performed to identify the association between these infections and sociodemographic and behavioral variables. Results: all participants were male, most were young adults and had low schooling. Prevalence of STI was estimated at 4.1% (95% CI: 3.0-5.5). According to multiple regression analysis, the variables age over 40 years (OR 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8-14), alcohol consumption (OR 3.9; CI 95%: 1.3-11.9), and illicit drugs (OR 2.9; CI 95%: 1.3-6.3) were factors associated with the STIs investigated. On the other hand, having some religion (OR 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2-0.8), and work in the Midwest Region (OR 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2-0.9) were factors negatively associated with these infections. Conclusion: presence of risk behaviors for STI among sugarcane cutters. Screening for these infections in groups of rural workers is essential for early diagnosis and breaking the chain of transmission.
Assessment of ecto and endo parasites of Schizothorax plagiostomus inhabiting river Panjkora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad A. , Khan W. , Das S. N. , Pahanwar W. A. , Khalid S. , Mehmood S. A. , Ahmed S. , Kamal M. , Ahmed M. S. , Hassan H. Ul , Zahoor S. , Maqbool A.
Published: June 2020

Abstract Fish provides main source of high quality protein to more than one billion people in the world. Fish parasites directly affect the productivity of fish and indirectly on human health. This research was aimed to assess the helminth parasites in Schizothorax plagiostomus (the snow trout) from river Panjkora, KP, Pakistan. A total of 88 fish samples (n= 88) were collected from the upper, middle and lower regions of the river through cast nets, hand nets and hooks. All the collected fish samples were examined in the Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Malakand for helminth parasites during July 2018 to February 2019.Among these fishes nematodes, trematodes, cestodes and acanthocephalan were isolated and identified. Overall prevalence of the fish parasites was 60.22% (53/88). The intensity of the parasite was observed from 1.7% to 4.61%. Highest prevalence was reported in summer season 86.36% while lowest in the winter season 36.36%. This study shows that summer season affects the fish business and result in poor quality fish meat with risk of zoonotic diseases. Adults were highly infected 82.25% while no infection was found in juvenile specimens. Female fish samples had higher prevalence 68.22% than males 48.22%. Fishes of the lower reaches had highest prevalence 60.22% than the upper reaches 40.0%. Fish samples with maximum length and weight were highly 76.92% infected than small sized fish with low body weight. Present study addresses that Rhabdochona schizothoracis in the intestine and Diplozoon paradoxum in gills of snow trout fish has a long term relationship and call as a natural infection in cyprinids and it is zoonotic threat to human.
Tovomita nebulosa (Clusiaceae), a new species from Cerro de la Neblina, Venezuela
Authors: MARINHO Lucas C. , LUJÁN Manuel , FIASCHI Pedro , AMORIM André M.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Although the number of recently described Tovomita species is relatively high, much more remains to be done, given that each new survey of representative Amazonian collections reveals many potentially undescribed taxa. In the treatment for Tovomita published in Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, at least six distinct morphotypes did not match any previously described species. Here we recognize morphotype “D” as a new endemic species from Cerro de la Neblina. Additionally, we provide an identification key to the Tovomita species in Venezuela.
Desafios da formação de trabalhadores de nível médio para o Sistema Único de Saúde no Maranhão
Authors: Reis Regimarina Soares , Muniz Linajanne Borges , Chagas Deysianne Costa das , Pinho Judith Rafaelle Oliveira , Fernandes Ana Carolina Uruçu Rêgo , Duarte Karlinne Maria Martins , Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e
Published: June 2020

Resumo Historicamente, a formação de trabalhadores de nível médio para a saúde ocorreu pontualmente, com enfoque no saber-fazer. No contexto da Reforma Sanitária, iniciativas como o ‘Projeto de Formação em Larga Escala’ impulsionaram a transição para uma compreensão do trabalho técnico crítico-reflexivo, e demandaram um novo modelo de formação de trabalhadores do nível fundamental e médio. O Programa de Formação de Profissionais de Nível Médio para a Saúde é a mais recente iniciativa de amplo alcance para qualificar o trabalho no Sistema Único de Saúde. Analisou-se o perfil, a inserção no trabalho e a percepção acerca do processo formativo desse Programa de Formação no Maranhão de 404 egressos da Escola Técnica do Sistema Único de Saúde do Maranhão. Identificou-se que: o perfil socioeconômico de egressos parece reproduzir as desigualdades sociais; o processo ensino-aprendizagem foi alinhado às diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde, com contradições pedagógicas a considerar; e há dificuldade na fixação dos profissionais formados, expressa pela perda de vínculos, migração para os serviços privados de saúde e para outras áreas alheias à saúde. A qualificação de trabalhadores é complexa, demanda ações articuladas no campo dos projetos político-pedagógicos e da gestão do trabalho, que ultrapassam a ampliação da oferta de vagas em cursos de profissionalização.
Validação do modelo lógico de implementação da Política de Educação Permanente em Saúde na Atenção Primária
Authors: Ferreira Lorena , Ribeiro Mariamélia Santos , Oliveira Leda Zorayde de , Szpilman Ana Rosa Murad , Esposti Carolina Dutra Degli , Cruz Marly Marques da
Published: June 2020

Resumo O objetivo foi descrever o processo de validação do modelo lógico de implementação da Política de Educação Permanente em Saúde na Atenção Primária no município de Vitória, Espírito Santo. Estudo de avaliabilidade, com utilização de técnicas quantiqualitativas. Usou-se a técnica de Delfos com 15 especialistas (municipais e estaduais), no período de janeiro a junho de 2019. Os participantes classificaram os componentes estruturais, atividades e produtos necessários para implementação da Política e seus respectivos resultados e impactos. Houve consenso sobre os itens que alcançaram mais de 80% de concordância, confirmados pela análise da mediana e do intervalo interquartil. Os resultados foram organizados segundo os componentes técnicos. Os recursos financeiros e humanos foram considerados imprescindíveis. No que tange aos processos, os itens julgados relevantes para implementação da Política foram: construção coletiva das ações de Educação Permanente em Saúde e elaboração de documento que oriente as ações no município e instrumentos de avaliação. Os itens referentes aos resultados e impacto foram considerados relevantes, exceto aqueles relacionados à organização e à estruturação da Política em níveis estadual e regional. O modelo lógico validado configurou-se como uma contribuição para a gestão da Política de Educação Permanente em Saúde em Vitória.
A formação na modalidade residência em enfermagem obstétrica: uma análise hermenêutico-dialética
Authors: Silva Giuliana Fernandes e , Moura Maria Aparecida Vasconcelos , Martinez Pilar Almansa , Souza Ívis Emília de Oliveira , Queiroz Ana Beatriz Azevedo , Pereira Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as concepções das enfermeiras obstétricas egressas do curso de residência sobre a formação e prática na assistência ao parto normal. Método Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada com 13 enfermeiras obstétricas em duas maternidades públicas do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista individual, semiestruturada e análise hermenêutico-dialética. Resultados Apesar dos contrassensos e dicotomias presentes no processo de formação, verificou-se nos depoimentos que houve superação no conhecimento e na prática profissional, que possibilitou a constituição de uma práxis obstétrica integradora, consciente dos princípios humanizados na assistência ao parto normal, sustentando a construção de novos caminhos para a enfermagem obstétrica. Conclusão e implicações para a prática A formação na residência promoveu segurança às enfermeiras, em sua práxis assistencial, contribuindo para a reformulação social, cultural e política do modelo obstétrico intervencionista. A residência envolve uma nova e desafiadora modalidade de formação para o cuidado de enfermagem na área, exigindo conhecimento específico e ético. O estudo evidencia a necessidade de inserção das enfermeiras obstétricas egressas na prática da assistência ao parto de risco habitual, ampliando o espaço de atuação dessas profissionais.
Atenção Primária à Saúde na perspectiva da formação do profissional médico
Authors: Coelho Márcia Gomes Marinheiro , Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa , Bessa Olivia Andrea Alencar Costa , Nuto Sharmênia de Araújo Soares
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo apresenta como objetivo analisar a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) como ambiente de aprendizagem para os discentes do curso de Medicina. Realizou-se um estudo transversal descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de quatro grupos focais com internos dos quatro cursos de Medicina em Fortaleza (Ceará, Brasil). Utilizou-se o método de interpretação dos sentidos, tendo sido identificadas duas categorias empíricas. Para os alunos, a Atenção Primária é um cenário de ensino importante para correlação teoria e prática, mas sem dimensionar a importância desta no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Não incluindo, portanto, a defesa do SUS como um principio importante em sua profissão. No entanto, o incentivo à docência na Atenção Primária e o desenvolvimento de aspectos humanísticos durante a formação seriam fatores motivadores para atuação nessa área.
Zero-Shot Sketch-Based Image Retrieval via Graph Convolution Network
Authors: Zhang Zhaolong , Zhang Yuejie , Feng Rui , Zhang Tao , Fan Weiguo
Published: June 2020

Zero-Shot Sketch-based Image Retrieval (ZS-SBIR) has been proposed recently, putting the traditional Sketch-based Image Retrieval (SBIR) under the setting of zero-shot learning. Dealing with both the challenges in SBIR and zero-shot learning makes it become a more difficult task. Previous works mainly focus on utilizing one kind of information, i.e., the visual information or the semantic information. In this paper, we propose a SketchGCN model utilizing the graph convolution network, which simultaneously considers both the visual information and the semantic information. Thus, our model can effectively narrow the domain gap and transfer the knowledge. Furthermore, we generate the semantic information from the visual information using a Conditional Variational Autoencoder rather than only map them back from the visual space to the semantic space, which enhances the generalization ability of our model. Besides, feature loss, classification loss, and semantic loss are introduced to optimize our proposed SketchGCN model. Our model gets a good performance on the challenging Sketchy and TU-Berlin datasets.
Distance-IoU Loss: Faster and Better Learning for Bounding Box Regression
Authors: Zheng Zhaohui , Wang Ping , Liu Wei , Li Jinze , Ye Rongguang , Ren Dongwei
Published: June 2020

Bounding box regression is the crucial step in object detection. In existing methods, while ℓn-norm loss is widely adopted for bounding box regression, it is not tailored to the evaluation metric, i.e., Intersection over Union (IoU). Recently, IoU loss and generalized IoU (GIoU) loss have been proposed to benefit the IoU metric, but still suffer from the problems of slow convergence and inaccurate regression. In this paper, we propose a Distance-IoU (DIoU) loss by incorporating the normalized distance between the predicted box and the target box, which converges much faster in training than IoU and GIoU losses. Furthermore, this paper summarizes three geometric factors in bounding box regression, i.e., overlap area, central point distance and aspect ratio, based on which a Complete IoU (CIoU) loss is proposed, thereby leading to faster convergence and better performance. By incorporating DIoU and CIoU losses into state-of-the-art object detection algorithms, e.g., YOLO v3, SSD and Faster R-CNN, we achieve notable performance gains in terms of not only IoU metric but also GIoU metric. Moreover, DIoU can be easily adopted into non-maximum suppression (NMS) to act as the criterion, further boosting performance improvement. The source code and trained models are available at https://github.com/Zzh-tju/DIoU.
Random Erasing Data Augmentation
Authors: Zhong Zhun , Zheng Liang , Kang Guoliang , Li Shaozi , Yang Yi
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we introduce Random Erasing, a new data augmentation method for training the convolutional neural network (CNN). In training, Random Erasing randomly selects a rectangle region in an image and erases its pixels with random values. In this process, training images with various levels of occlusion are generated, which reduces the risk of over-fitting and makes the model robust to occlusion. Random Erasing is parameter learning free, easy to implement, and can be integrated with most of the CNN-based recognition models. Albeit simple, Random Erasing is complementary to commonly used data augmentation techniques such as random cropping and flipping, and yields consistent improvement over strong baselines in image classification, object detection and person re-identification. Code is available at: https://github.com/zhunzhong07/Random-Erasing.
Ladder Loss for Coherent Visual-Semantic Embedding
Authors: Zhou Mo , Niu Zhenxing , Wang Le , Gao Zhanning , Zhang Qilin , Hua Gang
Published: June 2020

For visual-semantic embedding, the existing methods normally treat the relevance between queries and candidates in a bipolar way – relevant or irrelevant, and all “irrelevant” candidates are uniformly pushed away from the query by an equal margin in the embedding space, regardless of their various proximity to the query. This practice disregards relatively discriminative information and could lead to suboptimal ranking in the retrieval results and poorer user experience, especially in the long-tail query scenario where a matching candidate may not necessarily exist. In this paper, we introduce a continuous variable to model the relevance degree between queries and multiple candidates, and propose to learn a coherent embedding space, where candidates with higher relevance degrees are mapped closer to the query than those with lower relevance degrees. In particular, the new ladder loss is proposed by extending the triplet loss inequality to a more general inequality chain, which implements variable push-away margins according to respective relevance degrees. In addition, a proper Coherent Score metric is proposed to better measure the ranking results including those “irrelevant” candidates. Extensive experiments on multiple datasets validate the efficacy of our proposed method, which achieves significant improvement over existing state-of-the-art methods.
iFAN: Image-Instance Full Alignment Networks for Adaptive Object Detection
Authors: Zhuang Chenfan , Han Xintong , Huang Weilin , Scott Matthew
Published: June 2020

Training an object detector on a data-rich domain and applying it to a data-poor one with limited performance drop is highly attractive in industry, because it saves huge annotation cost. Recent research on unsupervised domain adaptive object detection has verified that aligning data distributions between source and target images through adversarial learning is very useful. The key is when, where and how to use it to achieve best practice. We propose Image-Instance Full Alignment Networks (iFAN) to tackle this problem by precisely aligning feature distributions on both image and instance levels: 1) Image-level alignment: multi-scale features are roughly aligned by training adversarial domain classifiers in a hierarchically-nested fashion. 2) Full instance-level alignment: deep semantic information and elaborate instance representations are fully exploited to establish a strong relationship among categories and domains. Establishing these correlations is formulated as a metric learning problem by carefully constructing instance pairs. Above-mentioned adaptations can be integrated into an object detector (e.g. Faster R-CNN), resulting in an end-to-end trainable framework where multiple alignments can work collaboratively in a coarse-to-fine manner. In two domain adaptation tasks: synthetic-to-real (SIM10K → Cityscapes) and normal-to-foggy weather (Cityscapes → Foggy Cityscapes), iFAN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with a boost of 10%+ AP over the source-only baseline.
Learning Attentive Pairwise Interaction for Fine-Grained Classification
Authors: Zhuang Peiqin , Wang Yali , Qiao Yu
Published: June 2020

Fine-grained classification is a challenging problem, due to subtle differences among highly-confused categories. Most approaches address this difficulty by learning discriminative representation of individual input image. On the other hand, humans can effectively identify contrastive clues by comparing image pairs. Inspired by this fact, this paper proposes a simple but effective Attentive Pairwise Interaction Network (API-Net), which can progressively recognize a pair of fine-grained images by interaction. Specifically, API-Net first learns a mutual feature vector to capture semantic differences in the input pair. It then compares this mutual vector with individual vectors to generate gates for each input image. These distinct gate vectors inherit mutual context on semantic differences, which allow API-Net to attentively capture contrastive clues by pairwise interaction between two images. Additionally, we train API-Net in an end-to-end manner with a score ranking regularization, which can further generalize API-Net by taking feature priorities into account. We conduct extensive experiments on five popular benchmarks in fine-grained classification. API-Net outperforms the recent SOTA methods, i.e., CUB-200-2011 (90.0%), Aircraft (93.9%), Stanford Cars (95.3%), Stanford Dogs (90.3%), and NABirds (88.1%).
Surface plasma treatment (Ar/CF4) decreases biofouling on polycarbonate surfaces
Authors: Faÿ Fabienne , Poncin-Epaillard Fabienne , Le Norcy Tiffany , Linossier Isabelle , Réhel Karine
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of hydrophobicity, surface chemistry and topography on bacterial and microalgal adhesion. To this end, the effects of surface plasma treatments (argon (Ar) and tetrafluorocarbon (CF4)) of polycarbonate substrates on bioadhesion were investigated in vitro. Surfaces were characterized by goniometry, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Two marine bacterial strains, a hydrophobic Pseudoalteromonas sp. 5M6 and a hydrophilic Paracoccus sp. 4M6, and two microalgae (Cylindrotheca closterium and Porphyridium purpureum) involved in marine biofouling were selected. Their adhesion onto the substrates was observed and quantified using confocal laser scanning microscopy–microfluidic flow cells. It was demonstrated that the combination of three parameters – namely, surface energy, fluorination and nanotopography – significantly decreases the adhesion of three microorganisms out of four (Pseudoalteromonas sp. 5M6, C. closterium and P. purpureum), whereas one parameter on its own is insufficient.
Epidemiology of COVID-19 in an Urban Dialysis Center
Authors: Corbett Richard W. , Blakey Sarah , Nitsch Dorothea , Loucaidou Marina , McLean Adam , Duncan Neill , Ashby Damien R. ,   for the West London Renal and Transplant Centre
Published: June 2020

Significance Statement

Social distancing is an important tool in preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dialysis centers that treat patients undergoing hemodialysis typically are not conducive to social distancing, and there is limited published experience available for guidance. The authors describe control measures—including universal protective equipment, a regular screening process, and case isolation—implemented during a rapidly developing COVID-19 epidemic in a large dialysis center, as well as service pressures experienced. Risk factors for infection included older age and infection rates within specific satellite units; aspects of unit design might help explain clustering of cases in those units. After the third week, COVID-19 cases fell short of the projected epidemic course, suggesting that control was achieved and that early adoption of control measures can help protect patients.

Background

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, many countries have instituted population-wide measures for social distancing. The requirement of patients on dialysis for regular treatment in settings typically not conducive to social distancing may increase their vulnerability to COVID-19.

Methods

Over a 6-week period, we recorded new COVID-19 infections and outcomes for all adult patients receiving dialysis in a large dialysis center. Rapidly introduced control measures included a two-stage routine screening process at dialysis entry (temperature and symptom check, with possible cases segregated within the unit and tested for SARS-CoV-2), isolated dialysis in a separate unit for patients with infection, and universal precautions that included masks for dialysis nursing staff.

Results

Of 1530 patients (median age 66 years; 58.2% men) receiving dialysis, 300 (19.6%) developed COVID-19 infection, creating a large demand for isolated outpatient dialysis and inpatient beds. An analysis that included 1219 patients attending satellite dialysis clinics found that older age was a risk factor for infection. COVID-19 infection was substantially more likely to occur among patients on in-center dialysis compared with those dialyzing at home. We observed clustering in specific units and on specific shifts, with possible implications for aspects of service design, and high rates of nursing staff illness. A predictive epidemic model estimated a reproduction number of 2.2; cumulative cases deviated favorably from the model from the fourth week, suggesting that the implemented measures controlled transmission.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 epidemic affected a large proportion of patients at this dialysis center, creating service pressures exacerbated by nursing staff illness. Details of the control strategy and characteristics of this epidemic may be useful for dialysis providers and other institutions providing patient care.
The Academic Profession as Perceived by Faculty
Authors: Kochukhova Elena
Published: June 2020

This paper analyzes the findings from a study of faculty’s perceptions of teaching as the most significant component of the academic profession. In a broader context, it investigates into the transformation of the academic profession, meaning that professors in Russia as well as around the world tend to perform research, administrative, and expert functions more and more often. Previously, Russian researchers observed a conflict between faculty’s perception of teaching as the most important profession component and administrators’ publication productivity requirements. A number of publications present strategies that professors use to adjust to the changing administrative requirements. However, the existing findings mostly reflect administrators’ perception of the academic profession, on which the faculty’s perspective is considered to be implicitly dependent. Available literature offers little evidence of how professors perceive the content, meaning, and goals of the academic profession. The present study was designed to find out by which goals and norms faculty members are guided in doing their work and to determine the logic behind the way they allocate their efforts among various aspects of teaching. Data was collected using focused in-depth interviews carried out in a Yekaterinburg university. Research was performed within a methodological framework of grounded theory and narrative analysis which traces its origin to hermeneutics. Findings indicate that professors share similar perceptions of the skills necessary to do their work, the goals of teaching, and the criteria for maintaining educational quality. Meanwhile, there is no platform for building those perceptions, faculty’s attitudes being shaped under the influence of their mentors and personal experience. The study also evaluates the impact of other university actors (students, colleagues, administrators) on the respondents’ perceptions of the teaching process. Finally, a rationale for building professional solidarity within the university’s academic community is provided.
The Impact of Domestic Mergers and Acquisitions on the Operating Profit Margins of Companies in Russia
Authors: Mikhalchuk Vitaly
Published: June 2020

This research paper studies the impact of domestic Russian mergers and acquisitions on the operating profit margin of companies participating in deals. The goal of the research is to evaluate the changes in operating profit margin, and to analyse the significance of factors affecting operating profit margin after deals have been concluded.

The main scientific contribution of this research is the development of a methodology to analyse the effect of mergers and acquisitions on operating profit margins that takes into account the idiosyncratic features of the Russian market, and which can be used with limited information for analysis of private companies. The proposed methodology is based on benchmarking the operating profit margin of companies participating in a deal against the same variable for a portfolio of similar companies.

Based on the analysis of recent studies, several explanatory variables were proposed to explain the changes in operating profit margin after the deal. Among these were included real GDP growth, type and value of the deal, book value of assets of the target company, as well as a number of control variables. A random effects model with robust standard errors was used to test the significance of factors affecting operating profit margin. This methodology was applied to a sample of 73 domestic Russian deals observed in the period 2012-2019.

This research makes several practical contributions to the literature. In the studied sample, deals lead to an increase of operating profit margin by 4.6% relative to the period before the deal, and 2.5% relative to the benchmark portfolio. The highest growth of operating profit margin relative to the benchmark portfolio is observed 2 years after the deal. This growth is increased by the purchase of large companies in the same industry. There is a significant negative effect of the deal value and a strong indication that buyers tend to overpay for the target companies relative to their fair value.

This research will be of practical use for persons in management positions to estimate the value of prospective deals, and for academic researchers interested in the analysis of mergers and acquisitions in emerging markets.
QUESTIONNAIRE ABOUT ECO METHOD IMPLEMENTATION IN THE UNIVERSITY v1
Authors: Jesus Torres-Gordillo Juan
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this questionnaire is to know the impact of the implementation of the ECO method in the University. It is part of an innovation project, entitled ECO in Higher Education. Teaching inspired by the environment, funded by the University of Seville's 3rd Teaching Plan. It is intended for teachers who have been part of the innovation project. The data collected will be analysed to be used in the final report, as well as in some conference communications or journal articles. The questionnaire consists of 29 questions, divided into three blocks: 12 initial questions on demographic data, 9 closed-ended questions with four options and 8 open-ended questions. For open-ended questions, we ask that you answer in detail and as explicitly as possible. Each teacher is requested to complete one questionnaire per course in which they have implemented the ECO method. Similarly, if there have been two teachers in a shared course, each must fulfill, from their experience, a separate questionnaire. Thank you very much for your collaboration. Prof. Juan-Jesús Torres-Gordillo University of Seville (Spain)
Zebrafish Embryo Dissociation for MACS v2
Authors: Wattrus Sam
Published: June 2020

Method of zebrafish embryo dissociation and microbead binding for magnetic enrichment by MACS.
The Use of Japanese Personal Pronoun based on Gender in “Narcissu” by Tomo Kataoka
Authors: Nusantara Hadiid Hideo
Published: June 2020

This article discussed the difference of Japanese pronouns based on gender from literature point of view. The database of this study was a novel entitled “Narcissu” by Japanese author Tomo Kataoka. The research method used in this research was descriptive method. In analysing the novel, author used the morphology theories by Harumi Tanaka (1982). The findings of this study showed that the use of personal pronoun including first-person pronouns, second-person pronouns, and third-person pronouns in the novel were influenced greatly by gender. The difference in using these personal pronouns were caused by the difference in man and woman’s perception. Based on the data, there were tendency that the speakers choose the best word to utter to their interlocutor based on their own perspective, influenced by the situation and the context. The findings of this study was expected to help foreign language learners to understand better about the use of Japanese personal pronoun based on gender, mainly in conversation.
Career Choices among Nursing Students: Differences between Freshmen and Interns
Authors: Sari Ni Putu Wulan Purnama
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTCareer selection is one of the most important decisions that an individual makes in his life and is a core task of the late stages of adolescent development in the process of developing self-identity. This study aimed to describe the career choices of nursing students and analyze the differences between freshmen and interns. This cross-sectional study involved 110 and 66 freshmen and interns respectively in two private nursing colleges with “B” accreditation predicate (n=176). Questionnaire of Survey on Career Choice was used in data collection. Descriptive statistic test was used in data analysis. Results showed that most freshmen chose two career choice alternatives (38.18%), but most interns were determined to choose only one alternative (42.42%). There were two most popular career choices among nursing students, such as: nurse practitioner (45.45% totally) and continuing education to be a Master/Specialist of Nursing (33.52% totally). The career intention to be a nurse practitioner in most respondents was referred to civil servant, both in clinical or community work places (59.66% totally). The most popular nursing fields were pediatric nursing in freshmen and psychiatric nursing in interns (34.55% and 25.76% respectively). Strengthening the attitude of love for nursing profession needs to be fostered early in the beginning of college life, so that career choice as a nurse practitioner after finishing the internship program can be maintained.    ABSTRAKPemilihan karir adalah salah satu keputusan terpenting yang dibuat individu dalam hidupnya dan merupakan tugas inti dari tahap perkembangan remaja akhir dalam proses pembangunan identitas diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pilihan karir mahasiswa keperawatan dan menganalisis perbedaannya di antara mahasiswa baru dan program Profesi Ners. Penelitian cross-sectional ini melibatkan 110 maba dan 66 mahasiswa profesi yang berasal dari dua institusi keperawatan terakreditasi B (n=176). Kuesioner Survey on Career Choice digunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Uji statistika deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas maba memilih dua alternatif pilihan karir (38.18%), sedangkan mahasiswa profesi Ners mantap memilih satu pilihan saja (42.42%).  Terdapat dua jenis pilihan karir yang populer pada mahasiswa keperawatan, yaitu sebagai perawat praktisi (total 45.45%) dan studi lanjut untuk menjadi Magister/Spesialis Keperawatan (total 33.52%). Intensi karir sebagai perawat praktisi pada mayoritas responden mengarah pada menjadi Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS), baik di tatanan klinik maupun komunitas (total 59.66%). Bidang Keperawatan Anak paling populer di kalangan maba (34.55%), sedangkan bidang Keperawatan Jiwa paling populer di kalangan mahasiswa Profesi Ners (25.76%). Penguatan sikap kecintaan terhadap profesi perawat perlu dipupuk sejak dini di awal masa kuliah agar pilihan karir sebagai perawat praktisi pasca lulus dari program Profesi Ners dapat dipertahankan.
Predicting the risk of anemia in pregnant women with different somatotypes
Authors: Tsidaeva Tatiana I. , Tomaeva Kristina G. , Gaidukov Sergey N. , Rukhliada Nikolai N. , Cheldieva Aida A. , Plieva Emma G. , Salbieva Nataliia G.
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study: to study the frequency of anemia in pregnant women with different somatotypes and to develop a model for predicting the risk of this pathology.

Materials and methods. 390 women were examined. Of the women studied 110 were mаcrosomatotype, 173 mesosomatotype, and 107 microsomatotype. Somatometry was performed according to R.N. Dorokhov for women in early pregnancy (before 910 weeks of gestation). In blood test the level of hemoglobin, red blood cells, and hematocrit is determined using the Medonic M-series hematological automatic analyzer. Serum iron levels were determined colorimetrically with ferrosine. Serum ferritin levels were determined spectrophotometrically using ELISA methods.

Results. It was found that iron deficiency anemia was significantly more common in pregnant women of macro-and microsomatic body type compared to women with mesosomatotypes (p 0.05). Pregnant women with severe anemia were not found. There were iron deficiency anemia of mild and moderate severity, and latent iron deficiency. Hematological parameters (hematocrit, serum iron, serum ferritin) were significantly lower in pregnant women with latent iron deficiency compared to women without anemia (p 0.05). Using multiple regression analysis, we obtained the regression equation (formula), which predicts the development of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women of different somatotypes.

Conclusions. The calculations according to the presented formula, allows to predict with high accuracy the prognosis of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, and also allows to form among patients a high-risk group for the development of this disease in the first trimester of pregnancy when the pregnant woman is registered in the womens consultation, which will contribute to more effective implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures to prevent the development of this pathology.
Professional Identity: An Exploratory Study of Undergraduate Social Work Majors Versus Minors
Authors: Apgar Dawn
Published: June 2020

Social work is a profession that has struggled with its identity as it distinguishes itself from allied disciplines in an effort to define its own unique purpose. The literature is void of studies that examine the degree to which undergraduate minors differ from majors in their social work identity. Analyses revealed that the identity of minors did not differ with regard to their knowledge, philosophy, and views about social workers’ roles and expertise. However, their attitude toward the profession was more pessimistic, with minors more negatively viewing the job opportunities available to social workers and the earning potential of social workers. Minors were also less likely than majors to recommend social work as a profession. Finally, minors were less prone to self-identify as social workers after graduation when compared with those majoring in the field.
Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with gestational thrombocytopenia: a cross sectional study
Authors: Misra Devyani , Faruqi Mariyam
Published: June 2020

Background: Thrombocytopenia is second to anemia as the most common haematological abnormality during pregnancy. Objective of this study was to study the clinical profile, maternal and perinatal outcomes in thrombocytopenic antenatal patients.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in tertiary hospital, 280 pregnant women who attended the Antenatal clinic regularly were enrolled. All were screened for thrombocytopenia in third trimester (after 28 weeks), women with normal platelet (n=140) were taken in control group and those with low counts less than 150×109/L (n=140) were included in study group. Maternal and fetal outcome of thrombocytopenia in third trimester of pregnancy were studied.Results: Majority of women with gestational thrombocytopenia had mild thrombocytopenia (70.71%). 30.72% patients with thrombocytopenia had hemorrhagic manifestations. Maternal and perinatal complications like PPH (27.14%), puerperial sepsis (9.28%), placental abruption (5%), need for transfusion (20%), neonatal jaundice (20%), neonatal thrombocytopenia (12.14%), birth asphyxia (12.86%), NICU admission (12.14%), low Apgar (37.14%), need for resuscitation (30%), were more in patients with thrombocytopenia as compared to their age and parity matched controls.Conclusions: According to this study results, pregnancies with gestational thrombocytopenia, as compared to the control group, were at a higher risk of cesarean section, intrauterine fetal death, preterm delivery, low Apgar scores, more NICU admission rate, intracranial hemorrhage, neonatal death, or adverse maternal outcome.