bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Factors that Influence the Noise Pollution in Malaysia using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Mohd Idris Mohd Fazril Izhar , Zainol Abidin Nur Afifah , Abd Aziz Khairu Azlan
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, the economy of our country has
increased, so the use of transport, whether on land or by air,
has also increased. This will lead to noise pollution, which will have an impact on human health. Noise
pollution was an unpleasant sound that could have a negative impact on human health, such
as sleep
disturbance, hearing loss, annoyance, and stress. There are many factors that can cause noise pollution
such as road traffic, aircraft, commercial construction, industrial and manufacturing noise.
Therefore,
the aim of this study is to determine
the factor that influences noise pollution in Malaysia using Fuzzy
Logic.
The determination of factors that affect noise pollution in Malaysia using the Fuzzy Logic
approach includes the determination of input and output variables, Fuzzification, Fuzzy Ru
le
-
Based,
Fuzzy Inference Method and Defuzzification. In Defuzzification which is the last stage for Fuzzy logic,
Centroid method used since it can give a result with more accurate and flexible. This study used road
traffic noise, aircraft noise, industria
l and manufacturing noise and commercial construction as factors
for noise pollution, as well as input variables. This method was used to determine which factors have the
most influence on noise pollution. The results of this study show that road traffic n
oise and industrial and
manufacturing noise were factors which had an impact on noise pollution with a maximum value of 82.
This
shows
that the aim of this study has been achieved.
Designing an IoT-based System to Detect the Out-of-pitch Balls in a Football Match
Authors: Abqari Rahizad Muhammad Aniq , Razak Tajul Rosli , Mohd Fauzi Shukor Sanim , JM Gining Ray Adderley , Ismail Mohammad Hafiz
Published: March 2021

The incorrect decision making that referee made during a football match is becoming unsatisfied game or biased game. The problem of how a decision made by the referee when coming to an error in football had been issues that being debate. The player or fans did not seem satisfied when referee decide such as a goal or no goal, penalty or no penalty, direct red card, and mistaken identity. Hence, there must be a plan to tackle the problem by using technology, especially in this era. Therefore, as an initial approach, this paper is focusing on developing a design for the ball out detection using the assistants of the IoT (Internet of Things). Correctly, the IoT approach was used for detecting the ball out of play, i.e. from a football match. Note that this proposed design was built based on data obtained from a survey questionnaire conducted with the experts in football and fans of football regarding the ball out of play system. The evaluation of the proposed design suggested that the proposed design promising to improve the decision-making made in the football match.  It is hoped that the study can contribute to the improvement of overall decision making by the referee when coming to ball out or other error that player made.
Shortest Path from Bandar Tun Razak to Berjaya Times Square using Dijkstra Algorithm
Authors: Muhammat Pazil Nur Syuhada , Mahmud Norwaziah Mahmud , Jamaluddin Siti Hafawati Jamaluddin
Published: March 2021

The shortest path is an issue that involves the route from one point (nodes) to another. It is to find a path with a minimum travelling time. Nowadays, traffic problems have affected many transport users especially in Kuala Lumpur area. The time wasted on the road causes a lot of problems to the users. Furthermore, the costs between two destinations are rather expensive. Therefore, the inability of users to use the shortest path has attracted the researcher to propose several travel alternatives to overcome this problem. In addition, this study will help to improve the efficiency of the road and make people want to use it more often. The objectives of this study are to find the shortest path from Bandar Tun Razak to Berjaya Times Square and to cut down the cost between these two destinations. The time of the shortest path problem and the cost problem are drawn separately. Moreover, Dijkstra algorithm is applied to find the shortest path. The shortest path is calculated by using C programming of Dev C++. Nevertheless, both time and cost of shortest path are constructed in different paths. The time and cost of the journey are described by driving a car from Bandar Tun Razak to Lebuhraya SMART to Kampung Pandan, then Berjaya Times Square. The total time taken is 23 minutes (RM8.00), whereas, the cost is based on the shortest path from Bandar Tun Razak to Taman Maluri to Seasons Tower and Berjaya Times Square. The minimum cost is RM4.00 (30 minutes).
Les Femmes, le silence et le réel chez Ingmar Bergman
Authors: José Monseny Bonifasi
Published: March 2021

"The Women, the Silence and the Real in Ingmar Bergman. The main aim of this paper is to provide a psychoanalytic interpretation of the scream in the films of Ingmar Bergman, starting from Jacques Lacan’s consideration that the scream constitutes the abyss from which the silence emerges. After the outline of the difference between Silet and Taceo, the paper approaches three important aspects in the films of Bergman: the space of silence enveloping the silence of the film characters, the silence beyond the phallic, masculine order, and the silence as an empty void impossible to fill in the scream of Agnes (from Cries and Whispers).

Keywords: woman, silence, real, anxiety, scream, death, dying, emptiness, voice.
"
De líder a paria de la salud global: Brasil como laboratorio del “neoliberalismo epidemiológico” ante la Covid-19
Authors: De Freitas Lima Ventura Deisy , Costa Bueno Flávia Thedim
Published: March 2021

La estrategia institucional de propagación de la Covid-19 implementada por el gobierno federal brasileño es una expresión radical del neoliberalismo en el campo de la salud, definida como neoliberalismo epidemiológico. Esta promoción de la inmunización masiva por contagio, considerada científicamente equivocada y éticamente inaceptable, se opone de manera frontal a las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (oms). La renuncia al liderazgo pretérito de Brasil en temas de salud global y de cooperación regional en salud se explica también por el carácter ideológico de su nueva política exterior y a la militarización del Ministerio de la Salud.
Por la democratización imposible. La revista Cuestionario y la tercera presidencia de Perón (1973-1974)
Authors: Borrelli Marcelo
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se estudia la posición editorial de la revista Cuestionario ante el proceso político que desembocó en la tercera presidencia de Perón. En particular, se analiza su pensamiento en torno a temas y acontecimientos clave del momento: el conflicto interno en el peronismo, el crecimiento de la violencia política, el proyecto político de Perón en torno a la “unidad nacional”, su rol como líder y el escenario abierto ante su desaparición física. Bajo la dirección del periodista Rodolfo Terragno, el mensuario Cuestionario se lanzó al público en mayo de 1973 y su publicación se extendió hasta junio de 1976. Durante este tiempo se destacó por ofrecer un espacio para el debate de ideas, un pensamiento editorial con cierta pretensión de autonomía de los sectores políticos en pugna y una prédica de izquierda moderada que, en el contexto de 1973-1974, planteará la democratización de las prácticas políticas y la actualización doctrinaria del peronismo como herramientas fundamentales para resolver los dilemas de la hora.
Paradojas y desafíos del patrimonio audiovisual televisivo. Tres casos de estudio del Archivo Histórico de RTA
Authors: Adduci Spina Elina
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo aborda el análisis de las paradojas y los desafíos que supone la patrimonialización de los archivos de televisión, tomando como eje la experiencia del Archivo Histórico de Radio y Televisión Argentina. En primer lugar, se estudian las singularidades del medio televisivo en tanto tecnología cultural (Williams, 2001) y discurso (González Requena, 1995), las vicisitudes históricas de su praxis archivística, las contradicciones inherentes de un proceso de patrimonialización que lo convierte en un patrimonio incómodo (Prats, 1997; Reventós Gil de Biedma, 2007) y el abanico de posibilidades que implica su refuncionalización como patrimonio zombie (Hernàndez i Martí, 2008). En segunda instancia, se hace un breve recorrido por la historia de los archivos televisivos de la Argentina, poniendo especial atención en la reciente creación del Archivo Histórico de RTA. Finalmente, se examinan tres casos de estudio de esta institución con el propósito de observar la multiplicidad de modos en los que dichas paradojas y desafíos se ponen en juego. De allí puede desprenderse que, cuando hacia finales del siglo XX una convergencia de demandas económicas, estatales y sociales comenzó a poner foco en el valor cultural de la televisión, las políticas patrimoniales se toparon con una serie de vicisitudes que, a grandes rasgos, se sintetizaron en las contradicciones que conlleva la archivística audiovisual en tanto práctica arqueológica, la incomodidad que supone la revalorización de contenidos históricamente denigrados y su refuncionalización en un contexto extrañado del original.
PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI PELAKSANAAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENURUNAN STIGMA MASYARAKAT PADA PASIEN GANGGUAN JIWA
Authors: Hartanto Agung Eko , Hendrawati Gandes Widya , Sugiyorini Esti
Published: March 2021

Stigma negatif oleh lingkungan terhadap pasien gangguan jiwa tidak hanya menyebabkan terkucilkannya pasien dari lingkungan, tetapi beban psikologis bagi keluarga yang akan menjadi penghambat dalam kesembuhan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perbedaan antara pemberian Strategi Pelaksanaan Masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah terhadap penurunan stigma masyarakat Desa Sukosari adalah suatu desa dengan jumlah pasien gangguan jiwa yang cukup banyak di wilayah Puskesmas Ngrandu Ponorogo. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan jenis eksperimental, dengan tipe True experimental pre-post test group. Populasi sebanyak 22 Kepala Keluarga, dengan sampel sebanyak 20 orang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data bulan September – Oktober 2020 di Desa Sukosari Wilayah Puskesmas Ngrandu Ponorogo. Instrumen penelitian dengan kuesioner Peer Mental Illness Stigmatization Scale (PMISS). Analisis data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test dengan Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) dengan signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara pemberian Strategi Pelaksanaan Masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah terhadap penurunan stigma masyarakat. Stigma masyarakat sebanyak 65% memiliki peningkatan nilai yang positif melalui dukungan sosial yang diberikan kepada pasien gangguan jiwa dan keluarga. Stigma masyarakat yang positif dapat bermanfaat dalam memberikan dukungan terhadap terjadinya kekambuhan pada pasien gangguan jiwa
Competências de enfermagem na simulação da parada cardiorrespiratória: scoping review
Authors: Feitosa de Matos José Hiago , Bezerra Gomes Emiliana , Sousa Lima Gabriela de , Vieira Lopes Maria do Socorro , Albuquerque Grayce Alencar , Rodrigues Maia Evanira
Published: March 2021

Mapear as evidências científicas sobre as competências desenvolvidas em estudantes de graduação em enfermagem com o uso de simulação clínica no ensino da assistência à parada cardiorrespiratória. Scoping review seguindo as recomendações do The Joanna Briggs Institute, nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, LILACS e EMBASE. Foram selecionados 13 estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2020, com baixos nível de evidência. As evidências apontaram a simulação clínica como uma estratégia eficaz no desenvolvimento de competências relacionadas a parada cardiorrespiratória, dentre elas: realização da reanimação cardiopulmonar de alta qualidade, desenvolvimento da autoconfiança e do pensamento crítico do discente, melhora o trabalho em equipe e comunicação efetiva. As evidências mapeadas demonstraram consenso quanto a eficácia da simulação clínica no desenvolvimento de competências motoras, atitudinais e cognitivas voltadas ao ensino da parada cardiorrespiratória na graduação em enfermagem.
A prevalência de lesão por pressão em um hospital escola
Authors: Lima Melo Daniela Pinheiro de , Silva de Moura Sandra Regina , Silva Rocha Gabriela Maria da
Published: March 2021

Identificar a prevalência de lesão por pressão em um hospital escola do Recife. Os dados coletados foram referentes aos anos de 2015 e 2016, analisados através de frequências absolutas e relativas. A amostra foi composta por 1.234 pacientes com LPP e a prevalência das lesões por pressão foi de 1,2%. Distribuídas igualmente entre ambos os sexos, a faixa etária mais prevalente foi nos pacientes > 60 anos (45,9%), a principal causa de internamento foram as neoplasias (15,6%) e as enfermarias de adultos tiveram 55,1% dos casos. A região mais acometida foi a sacral com 66,2%, e 21,7% das lesões se encontravam no estágio II. Os resultados de 2015 para 2016 apontaram uma diminuição das lesões, mais que deve ser mantido o monitoramento deste indicador para que venha proporcionar maior nível de segurança aos pacientes e ajudar na redução de eventos adversos que são altamente evitáveis.
Utilization of Asteraceae family as medicinal plant by local community of hutan pinus Jantho nature reserve, Aceh Besar
Authors: FADHILLAH LIZA , RASNOVI SAIDA , THOMY ZAIRIN
Published: March 2021

The use of medicinal plants by local communities is an ethnobotany study that links the culture of the community with the resources of plants that are around it. A study on the utilization of medicinal plants in the Hutan Pinus Jantho Nature Reserve was conducted with the aim of obtaining information about the types of medicinal plants used by local communities around Hutan Pinus Jantho Nature Reserve. This study applies the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method for interviews conducted by Purposive Sampling. The parameters measured are; parts of medicinal plants used, method of processing, method of use, and location of the collection. According to interview, it found about 10 species of Asteraceae those have medical potential, 3 of them already use by the local community of CAHPJ, these are Blumea balsamifera L., Chromolaena odorata L., and Tagetes erecta L., these species could cure the wound, heal the cold, fever, stomachache and other diseases.
Analysis of radon concentration and gamma dose rate in residential houses of Ambon and Seram Islands, Maluku
Authors: WAHYUDI WAHYUDI , WINARNI ILMA DWI , WIYONO MUJI , KUSDIANA KUSDIANA
Published: March 2021

Radon concentration analysis in the residential houses on Ambon and Seram Island - Maluku through the passive method using the CR-39 nuclear track detector has been studied. The CR-39 nuclear track detector was installed inside the residential houses for 3 months. After finishing the exposure, the detector was taken and etched using 6.25 N NaOH solution. The nuclear track of radon in the CR-39 was read by a microscope with 400 times magnification. From the results of reading the track, determination of radon concentration in the houses was calculated. The results of the analysis showed that radon concentrations in the residential houses of Ambon and Seram Islands, Maluku at the low level were in the range of 2.56 ± 0.18 Bq/m3 to 59.65 ± 4.22Bq/m3 with an average value of 28.42 ± 1.98 Bq/m3. The average concentration of radon is still below the average radon concentration in the world of 50 Bq/m3. The value of dose received by the population due to exposure of radon and gamma radiation in the range of 0.90-1.44 mSv/year. There is a positive correlation between radon concentration value and total radiation doses received by the population for a year. This data can be used in the study of radiation safety for the Ministry of Health and as a contribution to Indonesia in the international community about monitoring environmental radiation from radon concentrations in residential houses
Factors that influence the recovery of TB patients using Cox proportional hazard regression
Authors: KESUMA ZURNILA MARLI , SOFYAN HIZIR , RAHAYU LATIFAH , JANNAH WARDATUL
Published: March 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which is one of the biggest health problems in the world, including Indonesia. The government, through the National Tuberculosis Control program, has made various efforts to control tuberculosis. However, this problem was exacerbated by the dramatic increase in the incidence of tuberculosis. This study aimed to determine the Cox proportional hazard regression model and the factors that affect the cure rate of TB patients. We used medical record data for inpatient TB patients for the period July-December 2017 at dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital. The results showed that with α = 0.1, the factors that influenced the recovery of TB patients were the type of cough, the symptoms of bloody cough and symptoms of sweating at night.  There were 33.93% of patients who did not work. This category included students, domestic helpers, and those who did not work until they suffered from tuberculosis and were treated at dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital. The hazard ratio (failure ratio) showed that the tendency or cure rate for TB patients who did not experience cough symptoms was 70% greater than patients who experienced phlegm cough symptoms. The cure rate for TB patients who experienced coughing up blood symptoms was 53% greater than patients without these symptoms. The cure rate for TB patients who experienced  symptoms of sweating at night was 54% greater than patients who did not sweat at night.
Estudo do dimensionamento do bulbo ancorado de tirantes através da análise de ensaios de recebimento
Authors: Vinícius Lima Dias Marcus , César Gomes Romero , Bomjardim Porto Thiago
Published: March 2021

A técnica de estruturas de contenção com ancoragens reinjetáveis e protendidas é muito utilizada no Brasil, mas há ainda muito o que se estudar sobre a determinação da carga de ruptura geotécnica e o dimensionamento do bulbo ancorado. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho utilizou-se um banco de dados de 40 tirantes executados em uma cortina atirantada do município de João Monlevade. Através da análise dos ensaios de recebimento, aplicou-se a extrapolação matemática de Van der Veen (1953), obtendo-se estimativas das cargas de ruptura para cada um dos tirantes executados na obra. Com esses valores de capacidade de carga e considerando o critério de exclusão de Aoki (2013) para cada uma das ancoragens, calculou-se, baseado na metodologia de Porto (2015), os comprimentos ancorados dos tirantes considerados “confiáveis”. Comparando os mesmos com o comprimento ancorado de projeto, os resultados encontrados se mostraram satisfatórios, já que os comprimentos ancorados provenientes da extrapolação foram menores que o comprimento ancorado de projeto, obtendo assim, relativamente, um dimensionamento mais econômico. Além disso, esse trabalho propôs um valor de “coeficiente de ancoragem” para o solo do tipo silte argilo arenoso, característico do local de construção da cortina atirantada, mostrando a relevância desse parâmetro na determinação de estimativas da capacidade de carga de ancoragens neste tipo de solo.
Linfoma folicular no palato duro posterior: Caso clínico
Authors:   Serviço de Estomatologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Ferraz Pedro , Coelho Daniela ,   Serviço de Estomatologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Dominguez Beatriz ,   Serviço de Estomatologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Delgado Olimpia ,   Serviço de Estomatologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Figueiredo José ,   Serviço de Estomatologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Published: March 2021

O linfoma folicular é uma neoplasia linfoproliferativa maligna de comportamento indolente associada a células B do folículo central. Apesar de ser o segundo subtipo mais comum de Linfoma Não-Hodgkin, a sua manifestação na cavidade oral é raramente descrita. O linfoma folicular oral apresenta pouca informação clínica, epidemiológica e patológica documentada. É descrito um caso de um linfoma folicular diagnosticado a partir do palato duro numa doente de 59 anos. A doente foi transferida para o Serviço de Hematologia, tendo sido submetida ao plano de tratamento que incluiu quimioterapia. Pretende- se demonstrar quão importante é a realização de uma história clínica cuidada, o domínio da patologia oral, o estudo multidisciplinar pelas diferentes especialidades médicas, bem como o prognóstico desta patologia.
ANALISIS KAPASITAS DAN KINERJA LALU LINTAS PADA RUAS JALAN JENDERAL SUDIRMAN JAKARTA
Authors: Haryati Sarah , Najid Najid
Published: March 2021

Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia is the center of economy, culture, and politics. Jenderal Sudirman street always crowded with passing vehicles, traffic snarls up everyday. The causes of these traffic jam is an increase the number of vehicles and cause a change in traffic behavior. Theoretically there is a fudamental relationship between flow, speed, & density, so the purpose of these research are to analyze and evaluate performance of traffic capacity in various conditions based on Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia 1997 and Greenshields model. Conclusion of the analysis are, after compared with traffic volume, capacity and speed based on MKJI are 3.127,6 pcu/hour and 55,7 km/hour, but the capacity of the model are selected because it’s largest, for sudirman – thamrin it’s 8.272,5 pcu/hour, and for thamrin – sudirman it’s 8.067,9 pcu/hour, While the calculation of free flow for sudirman – thamrin it’s 41.2 km/hour the lowest occurs in  evening, and for thamrin – sudirman it’s 43,9 km/hour the lowest occurs in  afternoon. The largest capacity it’s used for the next analysis, the next analysis are calculating degree of saturation and level of service, the result  shows that the roads are at C and D.ABSTRAKJakarta ibu kota negara Indonesia merupakan pusat ekonomi, budaya, dan politik. Sebuah jalan di Jakarta yaitu Jenderal Sudirman selalu dipadati kendaraan. Lalu lintas di Jalan Jenderal Sudirman setiap hari mengalami kemacetan penyebabnya adalah peningkatan jumlah kendaraan di dalam kota dan menyebabkan perubahan perilaku lalu lintas, secara teoritis terdapat hubungan yang mendasar antara arus, kecepatan, dan kepadatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis, mengevaluasi kinerja dan kapasitas lalu lintas di berbagai macam kondisi, tentu berdasarkan pedoman Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia dan kapasitas model Greenshields. Dari hasil analisis hasil perhitungan kapasitas dan kecepatan arus bebas berdasarkan MKJI sebesar 3.127,6 smp/jam dan 55,7 km/jam setelah dibandingkan dengan volume lalu lintas dipilih kapasitas model yang terbesar yaitu sebesar 8.272,5 smp/jam pada sudirman - thamrin & 8.067,9 smp/jam pada thamrin - sudirman, dan hasil perhitungan kecepatan arus bebas terendah sebesar 41,2 km/jam di sore hari untuk sudirman - thamrin, sebaliknya thamrin - sudirman terendah sebesar 43,9 km/jam di siang hari. Gunakan kapasitas yang terpilih tersebut untuk analisis berikutnya yaitu perhitungan ratio perbandingan arus dan kapasitas (DS) dan tingkat pelayanan yan berada pada tingkat pelayanan huruf C dan D di kedua arahnya.
ANALISIS PENYEBAB BANJIR KELURAHAN JATAKE - TANGERANG
Authors: Harianja Bryan Jeremia Parulian , Pranoto Wati Asriningsih
Published: March 2021

A flood is a natural disaster that occurs due to various factors, and there are lots of losses caused by flooding. In the Jatake-Tangerang district, floods were recorded as high as 30-50 cm during February 2020. This study aims to determine the factors that cause flooding in the area to find solutions. In this study, several things need to be analyzed: rainfall, channel capacity, and existing channel conditions. Rainfall was analyzed using the Chi-Square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov methods to determine the type of distribution to be used. The existing plan's capacity is analyzed using the Manning method to determine the discharge, which will be compared with the discharge due to rainfall that occurs using the rational method. Based on the results of the calculation of 6 of the 73 channels reviewed, it cannot accommodate the discharge due to the rainfall that occurs. It is necessary to plan a new channel to change the channel's dimensions that do not meet. After the analysis was carried out, it could be concluded that the flooding in the Jatake-Tangerang area was caused by a lack of capacity of the existing canal, area contours, garbage, and sediment at the bottom of the channel. ABSTRAKBanjir merupakan salah satu bencana alam yang terjadi karena berbagai faktor dan banyak sekali kerugian yang ditimbulkan akibat banjir. Di wilayah Kelurahan Jatake-Tangerang tercatat mengalami banjir setinggi 30-50 cm selama bulan Februari 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya banjir di daerah tersebut sehingga bisa dicari solusinya. Dalam penelitian ini ada beberapa hal yang perlu dianalisis yaitu curah hujan, kapasitas saluran dan kondisi saluran eksisting. Curah hujan dianalisis dengan metode Chi-Square dan Kolmogorov-Smirnov untuk menentukan jenis distribusi yang akan digunakan. Kapasitas rencana eksisting dianalisis dengan metode Manning untuk mengetahui debitnya yang akan dibandingkan dengan debit akibat curah hujan yang terjadi menggunakan metode rasional. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan 6 dari 73 saluran yang ditinjau tidak mampu menampung debit akibat curah hujan yang terjadi, maka perlu dilakukan perencanaan saluran baru untuk mengubah dimensi saluran yang tidak memenuhi. Setelah analisis dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa banjir di kawasan Jatake-Tangerang disebabkan oleh kurangnya kapasitas saluran eksisting, kontur wilayah, sampah dan sedimen di dasar saluran.
PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI LATERAL FREE DAN FIXED HEAD MENGGUNAKAN ELEMEN HINGGA PADA GALIAN TANAH KOHESIF DAN NON-KOHESIF
Authors: Arya Arya , Sumarli Inda , Iskandar Ali
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTFoundation is the important way for designing upper structure or below structure. Designing foundation is a must, especially for the complicated structure. There are so many things to be focused on sturdy foundation. One of those design steps is designing foundation with lateral loading. Lateral loadings are so many different variances of it, depends on the location of installation. Then, we can identify the efficiency of individual pile on group pile cause of lateral loadings. The efficiency of pile can be analysed by Finite Element metho, which is the foundation is located on the real condition of loading and soils between the pile. And then, Finite Element is supposed to identify the foundation with free-headed pile or fixed-headed pile on cohesive or cohesionless soils. ABSTRAKFondasi merupakan hal penting bagi struktur atas maupun struktur bawah. Perencanaan fondasi sendiri sangat dibutuhkan, apalagi untuk membuat struktur yang rumit, diperlukan fondasi yang kuat. Banyak sekali hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan untuk bisa merancang fondasi yang kokoh. Salah satunya dengan perancangan pembebanan akibat beban lateral. Beban lateral sendiri dapat bermacam-macam bentuknya, bergantung pada pondasi tersebut dipasang di daerah yang seperti apa. Efisiensi lateral tiang yang umum digunakan, didapatkan dari eksperimen di lapangan, dimana kondisi kepala tiang adalah pada kondisi free-head. Hal ini bertujuan juga untuk melihat kinerja fondasi tersebut apabila dalam kondisi Free Head, maupun Fixed Head dengan tanah kohesif dan non-kohesif.
Dostępność usług medycznych w gminach: studium porównawcze Wrocławskiego Obszaru Funkcjonalnego
Authors: Ładysz Jerzy
Published: March 2021

Brak w systemie planowania przestrzennego obowiązujących wskaźników urbanistycznych, regulujących m.in. rozmieszczenie usług medycznych na obszarach planowanej zabudowy, skutkuje z reguły brakiem uwzględniania przychodni opieki zdrowotnej w dokumentach planistycznych, a co za tym idzie – oddolną, rynkową lokalizacją istniejących przychodni. Równocześnie, usługi medyczne są ważne dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania społeczeństwa, nie tylko w okresie zagrożenia epidemiologicznego. Zróżnicowanie ich dostępności przestrzennej powoduje różnice w standardzie wyposażenia w te usługi poszczególnych obszarów, a co za tym idzie – różnice w jakości życia. Szczególnie dotyczy to obszarów o postępującej zabudowie mieszkaniowej i o rosnącej liczbie mieszkańców, jak Wrocławski Obszar Funkcjonalny. W trakcie przeprowadzonych badań zweryfikowano, czy dostępność przychodni opieki zdrowotnej w piętnastu gminach należących do Wrocławskiego Obszaru Funkcjonalnego jest skorelowana z ich liczbą ludności. Na podstawie materiałów kartograficznych, dostępnych baz danych, zinwentaryzowano przychodnie na tym obszarze. Wykazano, że liczba przychodni w wielu badanych gminach nie jest odpowiednia do stale rosnącej liczby mieszkańców. Podobnie, lokalizacja wielu przychodni nie odpowiada rzeczywistym potrzebom ich rozmieszczenia. Z prognoz demograficznych wynika, że zapotrzebowanie na usługi medyczne będzie rosnąć w większości badanych gmin. Biorąc pod uwagę prognozę demograficzną, zaproponowano podniesienie i wyrównanie standardu wyposażenia w usługi medyczne badanych gmin poprzez określenie liczby potrzebnych nowych przychodni.
African American English And Urban Literature: Creating Culturally Caring Classrooms
Authors: Campbell Erin E. , Nicol Joseph J.
Published: March 2021

Language and literacy are a means of delivering care through consideration of students’ home culture; however, a cultural mismatch between the predominantly white, female educator population and the diverse urban student population is reflected in language and literacy instruction. Urban curricula often fail to incorporate culturally relevant literature, in part due to a dearth of texts that reflect student experiences. Dialectal differences between African American English (AAE) and Mainstream American English (MAE) and a history of racism have attached a reformatory stigma to AAE and its speakers. The authors assert that language and literacy instruction that validates children’s lived experience mediates this hegemony, leads to empathetic relationships between teachers and students of different cultural backgrounds, and promotes academic success. This paper seeks to 1) dissect the relationship between academic achievement and affirmation of student culture through language and literacy instruction, 2) enumerate classroom strategies that empower students and foster the development of self-efficacy 3) identify ways teachers might weave value for diversity in language and literacy into a pedagogy of care for urban classrooms.
Insider Perspective: Attitude and Motivational Orientation among Heritage Learners of Japanese at Colleges in the Philadelphia-area
Authors: Gilmore Miki
Published: March 2021

This study investigates the attitudes and motivational orientations of heritage learners of Japanese. Twenty-seven students enrolled in Japanese classes in colleges and universities in the Philadelphia area participated in this study. Participants fell into two categories: heritage learners (N=6) and foreign language learners (N=21). Data was collected through an online questionnaire consisting of both quantitative and qualitative sections. Descriptive statistics were used to determine participants’ attitudes toward Japanese language, people, and culture and primary motivational orientations toward learning Japanese. The Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the effect of heritage status on attitude and motivational orientation. Results show both groups of learners generally have positive attitudes, though heritage learners tended to enjoy studying Japanese less than their counterparts without familial or cultural connection to the target language. Based on the findings and my personal experience, recommendations are made language instructors of Japanese to address the unique needs of heritage learners.
The Importance of Morocco in the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Ramirez Jarod E.
Published: March 2021

This paper addresses the pivotal yet forgotten role that Morocco played in the Spanish Civil War. Other histories and analyses of the Civil War limit discussion to the Spanish side of the conflict without recognizing the colonialist holdings that Spain had and the ways that those lands and people impacted the war. This leads to an incomplete history that denies the Civil War its full historical context and the foundational context for the Nationalist side of the conflict. This paper analyzes the war as well as the ideological creations behind Spanish Fascism and the ways in which Morocco was tied to the creation of the Spanish Civil War, how it was important to the fighting of the conflict, and how it was pivotal to the war's eventual outcome. This will be argued by looking at the racist and eurocentric views of the Spanish Republic and how those views lead directly to its failure in the Civil War. This article will analyze first hand accounts of people directly involved in the war and the factors that led to the involvement of Moroccans on the Nationalist side.
The Effect of BCG vaccine on COVID-19 severity and mortality
Authors: CALİSKAN Tayfun , ŞAYLAN Bengü
Published: March 2021

Aim: To investigate the effect of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on the severity and mortality of the disease in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in this study.

Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective observational study in a tertiary reference hospital in Turkey. The patients were divided into two groups as BCG positive and negative according to the presence of BCG scar. BCG positive and negative groups were compared in terms of radiological involvement, presence of hypoxia, need for intensive care unit (ICU) and intubation, and mortality.

Results: BCG negative patients required more inpatient treatment (p = 0.001). The radiological involvement was more severe in BCG negative group (p = 0.016). Forty-one (22.7%) patients in the BCG positive group and twenty-two (42.3%) patients in the BCG negative group were treated in the ICU, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.007). More patients in the BCG negative group had hypoxia than the BCG positive group (59.6% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.018). The BCG negative group needed more intubation (21.2% and 8.8%, p = 0.024). Nine (17.3%) patients in the BCG negative group and 12 (6.6%) patients in the BCG positive group died, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.027).

Conclusion: The length of hospital stay was longer, radiological involvement was more severe, the need for ICU and intubation, hypoxia and mortality were higher in BCG-unvaccinated patients with COVID-19.
Is Aspartate Aminotransferase to Alanine Aminotransferase (De Ritis Ratio) Helpful in Predicting Breast Cancer?
Authors: DURHAN Abdullah , ŞENLİKCİ Abdullah , ERGÜDER Ender , SÜLEYMAN Marlen , KOŞMAZ Koray , MERCAN Ümit , PEKCİCİ Mevlüt Recep , EREL Serap
Published: March 2021

Aim: De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase) may be a useful prognostic biomarker for certain malignant tumors. However, the predictive value of the De Ritis ratio before treatment in preoperative staging in patients with breast cancer is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the De Ritis ratio in benign and malignant breast diseases and investigate the predictive value of it for breast cancer.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was made of the clinicopathological data of 301 patients with benign breast disease and breast cancer treated between April 2017 and April 2020 in a single center. 64 Patients were excluded from the study due to chronic illness or incomplete data. The relationship between the De Ritis ratio and clinicopathological findings before treatment was evaluated in patients. The Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were used in the comparisons between groups.

Results: Of the total 237 patients, the number of patients with benign breast disease was 96 and the number of the patients with breast cancer was 141. No statistically significant results were determined between the benign breast disease and breast cancer groups, in respect of pre-treatment evaluation of the De Ritis ratio and as a predictive factor for preoperative staging in molecular subtyping, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, and Ki 67 index.

Conclusion: It was concluded that the De Ritis ratio examined before treatment was not an independent predictive factor in breast cancer diagnosis and staging.
Analisis Tingkat Erosi pada Sungai Konaweha di Kabupaten Konawe
Authors: Sakti Putra
Published: March 2021

Erosion causes the loss of a fertile layer of soil and good for crop growth as well as reduced soil ability to absorb and retain water. The transported land will be deposited elsewhere, in rivers, reservoirs, lakes, irrigation channels, on farmland and so on. The purpose of this research is to analyze the large rainfall of the Konaweha River area. Analyzes large actual erosion (EA) & Potential Erosion (Ep), the average that occurs on the Konaweha River every year.The method used to calculate average maximum rainfall is arithmetic.Based on the results of analysis gained on erosion at the upper Abuki River, the location in Konawe district, can be concluded as follows:So the magnitude of actual erosion (Ea) on average that occurs on the river Konaweha every year coming 5.829 tons/ha/year, and potential erosion (Ep) on average that occurs on the river Konaweha every year coming 196.246 tons/ha/year.
Analisis Pengaruh Lokasi Dinding Geser Terhadap Pergeseran Lateral Bangunan Bertingkat Beton Bertulang 5 Lantai
Authors: Wibowo Leonardus Setia Budi , Zebua Dermawan
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries in the earthquake region. Therefore, it is necessary to build earthquake-resistant buildings to reduce the risk of material and life losses. Reinforced Concrete (RC) shear walls is one of effective structure element to resist earthquake forces. Applying RC shear wall can effectively reduce the displacement and story-drift of the structure. This research aims to study the effect of shear wall location in symmetric medium-rise building due to seismic loading. The symmetric medium rise-building is analyzed for earthquake force by considering two types of structural system. i.e. Frame system and Dual system. First model is open frame structural system and other three models are dual type structural system. The frame with shear walls at core and centrally placed at exterior frames showed significant reduction more than 80% lateral displacement at the top of structure.
Constructions of the Cardinal Numerals with the Words Which Belong to Them in the Kievo-Pecherskiy Paterikon
Authors: Pozsgai István
Published: March 2021

The aim of this work is to examine the system of the syntactic relations of the cardinal numerals with the words which belong to them in the Kievo-Pecherskiy Paterikon that was compiled in the 13th century. The manuscript on the basis of which the text was published was copied in the late 15th – early 16th centuries. I am mainly searching those phenomena, which can give information about the conditions of the genesis and development of the numerals as a new independent part of speech. I am paying attention to the phenomena which can be connected with the unification of the several types of the syntactic relations of the cardinal numerals with their associated words. I am searching for all quantitative constructions except for the constructions containing the numeral 1 as a prime numeral. The found quantitative constructions are grouped according to the type of combination of cardinal numerals with names or participles.
Particular attention is paid to the combinations of quantitative numerals with related words, which differ from the norms of other monuments, such as the Old Church Slavonic language of the Russian edition, Old Russian and early Russian Church Slavonic monuments, since it is these phenomena that can indicate the process of acquiring general morphological and syntactic properties by cardinal numerals. On the basis of the quantitative constructions that do not correspond to the above-mentioned norms, three important grammatical phenomena are distinguished that can indicate the process of replacing old norms with new ones. As a contrast I am showing data from the other manuscripts.
Significance of the ‘National and Cultural Component’ When Teaching Foreign Languages (Using Korean as an Example)
Authors: Voronina Lyudmila A. , Letun Sergey A.
Published: March 2021

Key approaches to clarify the notion of the national and cultural component were explored in application to the task of teaching lexical means of communication to Russian speaking students. The authors highlight its significant features that are important in terms of the teaching methods. A number of conclusions, which are significant for this task, were made based on the results of analyzing Korean sememes. The meanings, which are correlated with the national-cultural information conveying ethnocultural realities of the native speakers of the studied language, were determined. Groups of actual issues related to the determination of the scope of national-cultural information to be mastered by the students, mechanisms of its transmission in teaching and methods for the formation of relevant associations and images were highlighted. It is shown that the scope of accumulation of national-cultural information can vary at a certain level of education, therefore, it seems reasonable to talk about the list of associations as additional information to a certain lexical meaning, which has yet to become knowledge and be subsequently used at the stages of training and application of forming the lexical skills. It is stated that in respect of the linguo-didactic aspect it seems more rational to talk about a certain number of associations necessary for complete disclosure of the lexical meaning of the words, since neither translation nor non-translation methods of semantization by themselves allow students to differentiate the corresponding concepts without additional national-cultural information. Thus, methods of the most effective delivery of such information are to be specified for better results of teaching lexical means of communication to students.
Images of Rulers and Warlords of Siberian Tatar Warriors on the “Brief Siberian Kungurian Chronicle” Miniatures
Authors: Khudyakov Yuliy S. , Borisenko Alisa Yu.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. The article presents research of the images of Siberian Tatars’ leaders who were restoration adherents of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir, reproduced on miniatures of the Brief Siberian Kungurian Chronicle. Despite the drawings having been created a few decades after those lands, which had been part of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir, were annexed by the Czardom of Russia, these images very clearly illustrate representations of contemporaries of the appearance of Siberian Tatar rulers and warlords during the historical period of struggle for conservation of the Western Siberian steppe and forest-steppe lands as part of the Siberian Tatars’ State. These drawings represent depictions of significant historical episodes of connections between restoration adherents of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir with the Russian Cossacks and several Turkic and Mongolian people, who inherited contiguous steppe territories of the Central Asian historical and cultural region.
Results. Certain historical events, illustrating an armed confrontation of Siberian Tatars, who supported Kuchum Khan in the struggle for conservation of the Siberian Tatars’ State, against military troops of the Oirats and Nogais are considered and analyzed. The studied images can serve as an important informative pictorial source on history of accession of former possessions of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir to the Russian State. It is highly probable that several artists took part in creating this set of drawings, depicting the primary events of the Western Siberian military campaign of the Cossacks’ troop, led by ataman Yermak. This argument is supported by certain stylistic differences between several drawings, included in the Brief Siberian Kungurian Chronicle. For the last years these drawings have been repeatedly published, facilitating their focused scientific study.
Results. Despite the considered drawings having been created much later than the events depicted on them, they serve as an important informative source on the history of the Western Siberian campaign of the Cossacks’ troop, led by ataman Yermak.
Conclution. These drawings provide a clear overview of many historical events which took place during that period.
The History of the Housing Type “Halachah” in Khakassia
Authors: Prishchepa Evgeniy V.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. The article is devoted to the historical development of the Khakass housing type “halachah” in the ethnographic period. Its construction, classification, time of creation and existing housing forms in Sayan-Altay are considered.
Results. The study explores systematic ethnographic data about “halachah” in the 18–20th centuries, a detailed description of its design is given, the problem of the classification of the housing is solved, time of creation and forms of its existence are reviewed. The issue of its pre-Turkic existence in Sayan-Altay remains problematic. The housing had the following characteristics: simplicity of construction, low cost, quick construction and availability of materials for its production. “Halachah” was used by the Khakass throughout the territory of their settlement during the 18–20th centuries. It was also used by pastoralists, farmers, hunters, and tradesmen, and was used during seasonal work. The study allowed the authors to clarify the characteristics of “halachah” as a type of portable housing, and revealed the characteristics of its long-term existence in ethnographic time. This feature indicates the universality of its design, the processes of evolution and development. In addition, the study of the housing indicated that one of the directions in the future may be the study of pre-Turkic history of conical grave buildings, which could likely be the prototype of the “halachah”.
Conclusion. The housing type “halachah” refers to the conical frame of round structures at the base without walls. The housing fully reflected the adaptation of man to the natural geographical conditions of Khakassia. The time of disappearance of this type of housing is the second half of the 20th Century, when “halachah” had already lost its importance in the traditional life support system of ethnic groups.