bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE MAIN POINTS ABOUT HUMAN RESOURCES BUILDING IN THE REPORT OF THE 20TH NATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA
Authors:   Senior research fellow, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), China, Pan Jine
Published: March 2024

"The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China opened at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on the morning of October 16, and president Xi Jinping delivered a report on behalf of the 19th Central Committee. In the Report, there are many important statements about the field of human resources. These statements will guide China's government or the development of human resources in the next five to ten years, which means this is the direction and key areas of Chinese human resources in the future. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that ""education, science and technology, and talent are the basic and strategic support for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country"", and the ""trinity"" of education, science and technology, and talent will be arranged and deployed as one. This is the requirement for highquality development for China to enter a new starting point and new journey, and contains the inevitable logic of supporting Chinese-style modernization with educational modernization. General Secretary XI Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that ""cultivating a large number of high-quality talents with both ability and political integrity is a major plan for the long-term development of the country and the nation."" Which indicates: The Communist Party of China believes that: Talent is the first resource, and the fundamental source of national scientific and technological innovation lies in people. Therefore, the Communist Party of China has launched the strategy of strengthening the country with talents."
Offshoring Location Decision in Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Şahin Mehmet
Published: March 2024

Offshoring location selection is a crucial decision for firms in terms of competitiveness, flexibility, productivity, and profitability. Determining an efficient and appropriate location for offshoring has been a substantial multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Considering that the outcome of an MCDM method alone can be misleading, a novel hybrid approach is presented in this study. Thus, five MCDM methods are utilized to solve the problem, and the results of four MCDM methods are integrated to assure an optimal offshoring location. A Fuzzy-AHP (analytical hierarchy process) integrated with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), additive ratio assessment (ARAS), elimination et choix traduisant la realité (ELECTRE), and weighted sum method (WSM) methodology is proposed for the appraisal and selection of the optimal offshoring location. In this context, fifteen alternative locations are determined based on the attractiveness of the locations in terms of offshoring. Fuzzy-AHP is implemented to analyze the problem's structure and find the weights of the quantitative and qualitative criteria. Consistency tests are implemented to assess the quality of inputs of an expert. Then, TOPSIS, WSM, ARAS, and ELECTRE are used to evaluate and rank the candidate locations and present a comparative analysis. By considering fifteen countries and using real data, offshoring location selection is conducted through the proposed methodology. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is made to diminish the subjectivity and assess the robustness of the techniques. The results demonstrated that giving more weights to the labor characteristics and proximity to market criteria might improve the quality of the best offshoring country index.
The Elementary School Students' Skills in Playing The Gamelan Instruments
Authors: Jamari Viktors , Anitra Rien , Yanti Lili
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the skills in playing the gamelan musical instrument of elementary school students at Sibale Subsidized Elementary School and to identify common patterns emerging in their skills. This research employs a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was conducted through observation and documentation techniques. A total of 9 students were observed during gamelan musical instrument skill tests conducted during extracurricular hours. The data was then analyzed descriptively using statistical methods to provide a general overview of their gamelan musical instrument playing skills. The results indicate that the majority of students fall into the skilled category, with only one student classified as highly skilled. However, there are deficiencies in students' ability to manipulate the gamelan musical instrument without guidance from the instructor, especially in the criteria of construction.
Legal Problems The Implementation Of Credit Agreements With Fiduciary Guarantees
Authors: Febriana Anggita , Sentot Sudarwanto Albertus , Elok Puri Maharani Andina
Published: March 2024

This look at targets to analyze the legal problems with the implementation of Credit Agreements, especially in relation to the credit using fiduciary guarantees as collateral. Financing institutions use Credit Agreements that are included in the Standard Agreement. Because credit is a business activity of financial institutions, in this case it is a bank, in order to achieve a national balance in distributing funds to the public. In carrying out its function, banks as financial institutions provide credit, therefore the provisions of the Guarantee Law are intended to help business activities both macro and micro, as well as create legal certainty for stakeholders. To achieve the goal of obtaining legal certainty regarding Credit Agreements with Fiduciary Guarantees, This study uses an empirical legal approach method, and the research specifications are descriptive analytical.This study produced a data, namely it was concluded that Fiduciary Guarantee is a form of guarantor by the debtor at his request, in order to guarantee the repayment of credit debts, movable objects become the object of guarantee in this study. The Supplementary Agreement or what is often referred to as the Accesoir of the Principal Credit Agreement can be guaranteed by the Fiduciary Guarantee, while the charge is made in the form of a notarized, by guaranteeing legal certainty so that it needs to be Register with the Trustee Registration Authority and apply for issuance of a Trustee Certificate to gain enforcement powers. The obstacle arises when defaulting by the debtor, with various causes and factors. Sometimes execution efforts are made to save credit that has been channeled by financing institutions, especially banks, but in practice there are many obstacles, including in executing the object of the guarantee that is not found, has changed hands or is controlled by others, so that execution in the form of auctioning fiduciary objects is difficult to do.
Competitive Advantages Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises (SMES) In Internasional: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Rifaul Kirom Novita , Sudarmiatin Sudarmiatin , Sumarsono Hadi
Published: March 2024

Competitive Advantage is outcome of the planned strategy business, in the sector micro, small or medium. Direction strategic embodied through ability produce profit more big from competitors. Many factors are the same importance in produce Power competitive. Some of them is strategic factors, development source Power people , knowledge management and roles Information & Communication Technology (ICT). Factors of the wiIl create and mantain superior position from competitor, the so-called superiority competitive. However, understanding thorough about state-of-art from superiority competitive Still needed. because it article This aim For classif, identify pubIications scientific and do analysis thematic to literature latest To use create extensive and detailed understanding in the field superiority competitive. Method study done with method of systematic Mapping study (SMS) for study publication scientific in the field superiority competitive advantage on focus or research type from time until time. Research results This produce categorization and quantification studies superiority competitive in various dimensions as weII as overview topics and trends study moment this.
Improving The Gross Motor Skills Of Mentally Retarded Children Through Rhythmic Brain Gym Activities
Authors: Baqiyudin Galang , Nurhasan Nurhasan , Suroto Suroto
Published: March 2024

This study aims to identify and describe the influence of Brain Gym or brain exercises to increase gross motor skills and fine motor mental reterdation category were aged 4 years to 6 years. In this study, the sample were students in kindergarten SLB Muhammadiyah Jombang. This study was conducted in 10 meetings for each child. Each child will be given the treatment in the form of brain exercise, starting from the lateral dimension, focusing dimension and the dimension of convergence. Tests performed every time the student has finished the movement brain gymnastics. This is done so that the results of tests that are obtained more accurately. Mental reterdation characteristics that have limitations in considering would negatively affect the test results. Tests for gross motor movement and fine motor movement using DDST test format. DDST contains procedures for conducting tests and evaluation of test results. For the tests of gross motor movement and fine motor movement there are three assessment criteria, namely failed, refused and passed. At the beginning of the meeting five tests carried out many items in the category of students failed and refused. This is caused by the adaptation of students in recognizing the new environment and the movement of brain exercises that they have never done before. At the end of the five meetings that the number of test items in the category refuse and fail to decline, it is because the students have started to adapt and understand instructions, instructions were given to them. Overall improvement of the results of tests on five initial meeting and five final meeting for  categories of pass is 33.8%. Based on this research exercise influence Brain Gym on the development of gross motor movement and fine motor skills of children with intellectual challenges, it can be argued conclusions in this study are: Gymnastics Therapy Brain (Brain Gym) have an influence on the development of gross motor movement and fine motor movement for mental reterdation midle  category were aged 4 years to 6 years.
The Effectiveness Of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) And Project-Based Learning (PJBL) Learning Models On Disaster Mitigation Materials On Learning Motivation Of Xi Social Studies Class
Authors: Husyain Rifai Muh
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is (1) Researchers want to know the learning motivation of students in disaster mitigation material if using the PBL model,(2) Researchers want to know the learning motivation of students in disaster mitigation material if using the PJBL model. This research method uses quantitative methods with a quasi-experimental approach. This research was conducted in two classes, namely class XI IPS 2 as the first experimental group with a project-based learning method (PBL) and class XI IPS 3 as the second experimental group with a problem-based learning method (PBL). The analysis used is the MANOVA analysis technique, which is a multivariate analysis to test stimulate differences between two or more dependent variables. The results of this study are: (1) the PjBL learning model is effectively used in the first experimental class (2) the PBL learning model is effectively used in the second experimental class.
The Use of AI-Generated Product Photography for Marketing Purposes
Authors: BARBU Lucia Nicoleta , TANASE Ionut
Published: March 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital marketing, the integration of AI technology has paved the way for innovative approaches, notably in the realm of AI-generated product photography. This paper presents a detailed examination of the impact of AI-generated background images in perfume marketing campaigns, shedding light on their potential as a cost-effective and visually appealing option for marketers. Our study, while providing compelling evidence of the positive reception of AI-generated background images, acknowledges the need for further exploration in this emerging field. Future research directions could delve deeper into additional factors influencing consumer preferences, including the impact of different AI-generated backgrounds on brand perception and the potential for AI-generated images to enhance the storytelling aspect of perfume marketing. While our research focused only on the perfume industry, the results can be easily extrapolated for a wide range of industries and products where the visual presentation plays a crucial role in marketing said product to potential customers. As the integration of AI technology in marketing practices continues to evolve, this study not only contributes to the current understanding of AI-generated imagery but also highlights avenues for future research and innovation. It is anticipated that further advancements in AI-generated imagery will shape the landscape of marketing in various industries, particularly within the fragrance market, where visual appeal and consumer engagement play pivotal roles in successful campaigns.
Upadacitinib (Rinvoq)
Authors: CADTH
Published: March 2024

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses upadacitinib (Rinvoq), 15 mg, 30 mg, and 45 mg once daily, extended-release tablets, oral.

Indication: For the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active Crohn disease who have demonstrated prior treatment failure, i.e., an inadequate response, loss of response, or intolerance to at least 1 conventional and/or biologic therapy
TRANSTORNO BIPOLAR E SÍNDROME DE CUSHING: AVALIAÇÃO CLÍNICA DA ASSOCIAÇÃO
Authors: Resende Lucas Araujo Reis , Oliveira Ana Laura Martins de , Ramos Natália Campos , Batista Lais Marques de Oliveira , Reis Stefany Katelei Barros
Published: March 2024

O Transtorno Bipolar e a Síndrome de Cushing são condições psiquiátricas e endocrinológicas, respectivamente, que impactam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos afetados. O Transtorno Bipolar é caracterizado por mudanças extremas de humor, que vão desde episódios de mania até episódios de depressão, enquanto a Síndrome de Cushing resulta do excesso prolongado de cortisol no organismo, levando a uma série de sintomas físicos e psicológicos. Ambas as condições apresentam desafios significativos de diagnóstico e tratamento devido à sua complexidade e inter-relações com outras condições médicas e psiquiátricas. Objetivo da revisão sistemática: Examinar a literatura recente para investigar a relação entre o Transtorno Bipolar e a Síndrome de Cushing, identificando possíveis associações, mecanismos subjacentes e implicações para o diagnóstico e tratamento. Metodologia: A revisão foi conduzida seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science, utilizando os descritores: "Transtorno Bipolar", "Síndrome de Cushing", "associação", "mecanismos" e "tratamento". Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, em inglês ou português, que investigaram a relação entre Transtorno Bipolar e Síndrome de Cushing em humanos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: estudos em animais, revisões sistemáticas e estudos com amostras comórbidas por outras condições médicas graves. Resultados: A análise dos estudos identificou uma associação significativa entre Transtorno Bipolar e Síndrome de Cushing, sugerindo possíveis mecanismos fisiopatológicos comuns, como disfunção do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal e inflamação crônica. Além disso, foram discutidas implicações para o diagnóstico diferencial e o manejo clínico dessas condições. Conclusão: Esta revisão ressalta a importância da avaliação cuidadosa de pacientes com Transtorno Bipolar quanto à presença de sintomas sugestivos de Síndrome de Cushing e vice-versa. A compreensão dos mecanismos subjacentes pode levar a abordagens terapêuticas mais eficazes e melhorar os resultados clínicos desses pacientes.
Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Keislaman Pada Masyarakat Islam Minoritas Desa Lau Buluh Kecamatan Kuta Buluh Kabupaten Karo
Authors: Saputra A.
Published: March 2024

This study aims to describe the social conditions and the application of Islamic values in the Muslim community in Lau Buluh Village, Kec. Kuta Buluh Kab. Karo as a community group belonging to the minority. So this research is a qualitative research type of field study using a descriptive approach. Primary data in this study were obtained directly through interviews. While the secondary data in this study were obtained through a literature review. Data collection techniques in this study used participatory observation techniques, semi-structured interview techniques, and documentation /literature. The data analysis technique used in this study is data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model, with activities in data analysis starting from data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. The results of this study revealed that; 1) The social condition of the Islamic community in Lau Buluh Village failed to actualize ukhuwah Islamiyah. The reason is because each individual community has a different education, character and different backgrounds. Moreover, religious leaders have not made maximum efforts to establish cooperation with related parties to build ukhuwah Islamiyah. On the other hand, the lack of intensity in the relationship between religious leaders and other parties is recognized as a form of disappointment and pessimism in the face of uncooperative public responses. 2) The application of Islamic values to the Islamic community in Lau Buluh Village is only limited to: Friday prayers in congregation; wirid yasin on Friday night; commemoration of Islamic holidays; donate and give charity. Thus, through the application of Islamic values to the Lau Buluh community, the community belongs to a society that has a symbolic normative understanding of Islam.

Keywords: Application, Islamic Values, Minority.
Interannual and seasonal variability of the air-sea CO2 exchange at Utö in the coastal region of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Honkanen Martti , Aurela Mika , Hatakka Juha , Haraguchi Lumi , Kielosto Sami , Mäkelä Timo , Seppälä Jukka , Siiriä Simo-Matti , Stenbäck Ken , Tuovinen Juha-Pekka , Ylöstalo Pasi , Laakso Lauri
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Oceans alleviate the accumulation of atmospheric CO2 by absorbing approximately a quarter of all anthropogenic emissions. In the deep oceans, carbon uptake is dominated by aquatic phase chemistry, whereas in biologically active coastal seas the marine ecosystem and biogeochemistry play an important role in the carbon uptake. Coastal seas are hotspots of organic and inorganic matter transport between the land and the oceans, and thus important for the marine carbon cycling. In this study, we investigate the net air-sea CO2 exchange at the Utö Atmospheric and Marine Research Station, located at the southern edge of the Archipelago Sea within the Baltic Sea, using the data collected during 2017–2021. The air-sea fluxes of CO2 were measured using the eddy covariance technique, supported by the flux parametrization based on the pCO2 and wind speed measurements. During the spring-summer months (April–August), the sea was gaining carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with the highest monthly sink fluxes typically occurring in May, being -0.26 μmol m-2 s-1 on average. The sea was releasing the CO2 to the atmosphere in September–March, and the highest source fluxes were typically observed in September, being 0.42 μmol m-2 s-1 on average. On the annual basis, the study region was found to be a net source of atmospheric CO2, and on average, the annual net exchange was 27.1 gC m-2 y-1, which is comparable to the exchange observed in the Gulf of Bothnia, the Baltic Sea. The annual net air-sea CO2 exchanges varied between 18.2 gC m-2 y-1 (2018) and 39.1 gC m-2 y-1 (2017). During the coldest year, 2017, the spring-summer sink fluxes remained low compared to the other years, as a result of relatively high seawater pCO2 in summer, which never fell below 220 μatm during that year. The spring-summer phytoplankton blooms of 2017 were weak, possibly due to the cloudy summer and deeply mixed surface layer, which restrained the photosynthetic fixation of dissolved inorganic carbon in the surface waters. The algal blooms in spring-summer 2018 and the consequent pCO2 drawdown were strong, fueled by high pre-spring nutrient concentrations. The systematic positive annual CO2 balances suggest that our coastal study site is affected by carbon flows originating from elsewhere, possibly as organic carbon which is remineralized and released to the atmosphere as CO2. This coastal source of CO2 fueled by the organic matter originating probably from land ecosystems stresses the importance of understanding the carbon cycling in the land-sea continuum.
Semillas de arte: una intervención comunitaria basada en los principios de terapia de artes expresivas desarrollada con mujeres migrantes
Authors: Quezada Zevallos Jenny , Gonzales Cueva Valeria
Published: March 2024

Este artículo describe una intervención comunitaria basada en los principios de la terapia de artes expresivas, desarrollada con un grupo de mujeres migrantes en situación de pobreza en Lima Perú, realizada en dos fases y un posterior seguimiento. El proyecto surgió a través de la coordinación entre la ONG “The Light and Leadership Initiative” y TAE Perú. Se informa desde un enfoque cualitativo, el método fue de observación participante y las técnicas utilizadas fueron: observación, entrevista y toma de notas de campo. Las principales conclusiones de la intervención comunitaria apuntan a un efecto dinamizador y cuestionador en la autopercepción de las participantes con relación a sus habilidades y recursos y a su rol en la familia.
حوار مع الأستاذ الدكتور محمد سليم العَوّا
Authors: العَوّا محمد سليم , Tilout Jamila
Published: March 2024

الأستاذ الدكتور محمد سليم العَوَّا مفكر إسلامي وهو عالم بحّاثة في قضايا الفقه والشريعة والقانون، تدل على ذلك كتاباته المتعددة في قضايا الفكر الإسلامي، كما أسهم الدكتور محمد سليم العوا باقتدار في تطوير المنهج المقاصدي، وله آراء ونظرات تجديدية رصينة. وينزع منهج د. العوا إلى التجديد في مسائل الفقه والتشريع والسياسة ونظم الحكم وفق منظور مقاصدي وقيمي.

ويشتمل الإنتاج الفكري للدكتور محمد سليم العَوَّا على عشرات الكتب والمقالات العلمية باللغتين العربية والإنجليزية، إضافة إلى تعقيباته وتخريجاته على بعض الكتب التي كان آخرها مؤلف الشيخ سليم البشري شيخ الجامع الأزهر الأسبق، إلى جانب شروحه وتعقيباته المهمة على كتابي "إحياء علوم الدين" للإمام أبي حامد الغزالي و"مقدمة" العلامة ابن خلدون التي تنشر على قناة الدكتور على اليوتيوب.
مقاصد الشريعة والواقع المعاصر
Authors: غانم إبراهيم البيومي
Published: March 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث عن سبل فاعلية نظرية المقاصد من خلال ربطها بالواقع، بالتنبيه على مجموعة من الأعطاب المنهجية على المستوى العلمي والعملي. وقد عرضت الدراسة ثلاثة أطروحات لتجديد النظر في موضوع المقاصد؛ الأطروحة الأولى وهي وجوب إعادة هيكلة منظومة المقاصد، ببيان المقاصد المشتركة والعامة كتحقيق الكرامة الإنسانية والحرية وتطبيق العدالة وتحقيق السلم العام. والأطروحة الثانية تتمثل في توسيع مصادر البحث في المقاصد، إذ تظهر الورقة مجموعة من الاختلالات المنهجية مما جعل منظومة "المقاصد العامة للشريعة" نظرية ولا تحقق الأهداف العملية المرجوة منها. أما الأطروحة الثالثة، فهي تحديث الأمثال الشارحة وتجديدها باعتبار المثال أحد أدوات تحرير نظرية المقاصد من المحابس التي وضعت فيها، ومن  ثم؛ تدعو الدراسة إلى ربط الأمثلة بالواقع الفعلي، خصوصا الواقع الجماعي والمصالح المشتركة.
Re-Envisioning Islamic Scholarship: Maqasid Methodology as A New Approach
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Badri
Published: March 2024

Professor Jasser Auda’s work entitled Re-envisioning Islamic scholarship: Maqasid Methodology as a New Approach, published in 2022 is arguably one of the most innovative approaches in contemporary Islamic scholarship and, in my personal opinion, it somehow contributes significantly and uniquely to the project of Islamisation of knowledge or, as some have termed it, knowledge integration. In this work, Auda arguably has managed to lay the foundation for knowledge integration in the form of a unified scheme which combines both a deep and holistic understanding of the revelation and the reality.
A Critical Analysis of The Existing Maqasid-Based Welfare Index
Authors: Suliswanto Muhammad Sri Wahyudi , Mahyudi Mohd. , Nizam Barom Mohd.
Published: March 2024

Maqasid al-Shariah based welfare measurement is a welfare measurement tool that covers all dimensions of welfare, both material and non-material. According to the Maqasid al-Shariah theory put forward by Al-Ghazali and Al-Shatibi; which was later expanded further into the socio-economic context (Chapra, 2008). Chapra is talking about how we need to expand the application of al-Maqasid to make it more practical and effective. This is because al-Maqasid is a philosophical principle that needs to be simplified so that it can be put into practice. Many contemporary researchers have implemented maqasid al-shariah in measuring development or welfare instruments with various modifications related to the sub-variables. However, most of them give equal weight to each maqasid component. Even though most Muslim scholars give different priorities to each maqasid component. Therefore, this study will criticize 15 articles on the maqasid-based welfare index as a first step to propose improvements to the maqasid-based welfare index measurement. To achieve the research objectives, the method used in this research is an integrative literature review. This study proposes an index and indicator model in integrating the five dimensions of Maqasid al-Syariah in measuring welfare.
Covenants in the Qurʾān
Authors: Rane Halim
Published: March 2024

Covenant (‘ahd and mīthāq) occupies a central place in the Qurʾān but has been understudied and underrepresented in discourses about Islam. This article contributes to redressing this lacuna by conducting a content analysis of the Qurʾān, specifically the terms ‘ahd and mīthāq that refer to the concept of covenant. It applies the Maqāṣid Methodology and Framework developed by Jasser Auda to examine the concepts, objectives, values, commands, universal laws, groups, and proofs associated with covenants in the Qurʾān. Reading the Qurʾān in light of covenants provides a new perspective on issues of human existence and coexistence, including interreligious relations, coexistence with non-Muslims, and conditions governing the legitimate use of armed force in Islam. The article highlights the centrality and significance of covenants in the Qurʾān and contends that the study of covenants in the Qurʾān and sunnah ought to be integrated into Islamic studies curricula.
Parasite and bacterial co-infections with Leishmania spp. in dogs
Authors: Góes da Silva Virginia Maria , Moreira Mascarenhas Rita Elizabeth , Machado de Andrade Candace , Silva Solcà Manuela da , Farias Larangeira Daniela , Gileno de Sá Oliveira Geraldo , Santos Washington Luis Conrado dos
Published: March 2024

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a major disease affecting dogs and is often associated with other illnesses. In this study, we investigated the distribution of helminths, ectoparasites and bacteria in dogs of an endemic urban area of CVL. A total of 71 dogs, uninfected or naturally infected with Leishmania spp. were studied. Splenic samples were cultured for Leishmania identification, and anti-Leishmania antibodies were measured in the serum. Helminths were diagnosed in the feces using flotation or spontaneous sedimentation techniques. Serum antibodies against six ectoparasite-transmitted pathogens were detected. Microbial growth from eyes, skin, urine, and blood samples were evaluated. To our knowledge, this is the first time that co-infections with Leishmania spp., parasites and bacteria together has been reported. Co-infections with Leishmania were observed in 89% of the animals with helminths and 95% with ectoparasites. Most of the dogs were positive for Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most frequently isolated organism. It is found that Leishmania positivity dogs from endemic area in Brazil have a higher rate of co-infections with helminths, ectoparasites and bacteria. Therefore, effective treatment and public measures are needed to contain the spread of canine leishmaniasis and other infections.
Economic History of the Later USSR: New Pluralism (About the Books of Nikolai Mitrokhin and the Manifesto «The Crystal of Growth. Toward the Russian Economic Miracle»)
Authors:   Institute оf Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orekhovsky Petr
Published: March 2024

The work is devoted to the characterization of two recent works on the economic history of the USSR, which use a fundamentally different approach to describing the Soviet reality. N. Mitrokhin's two-volume edition uses interviews, biographies of representatives of the Soviet elite, and memoirs. In general, his analysis is based on economic sociology and is based on the hypothesis of the rationality of the behavior of Soviet leaders interested in the growth and prosperity of their industries and the USSR as a whole. In the joint work of A. Galushka, A. Niyazmetov, M. Okulov, an implicit hypothesis is introduced about the incompetence and dominance of private, individual interests of Soviet leaders. Formally, they use institutional analysis, but the models identified in the book are identified with individual historical periods in the life of Russia and the USSR and are not comparable. Each of the works under consideration is of great interest, and together they characterize the trend towards continued fragmentation of modern economic history.
Local Self-Government: Problems of Institutionalization
Authors:   Institute оf Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Odintsova Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

The strategic goal of spatial development of the Russian Federation is to ensure its stability and balance. The study of domestic and international experience shows that the most important component that ensures this stability is the institution of local self-government. Recently, the Russian Federation has adopted a lot of regulatory and legislative acts that allow us to talk about the ongoing reform of local self-government as one of the components of the spatial development of the country. At the same time, the fundamental issue of local communities as subjects of local self-government has not yet been clearly resolved. The article substantiates the incorrectness of the provision that a local community is just a population living in the relevant territory. It is concluded that local communities are a historical category; local communities arise at a certain stage of development of socio–territorial communities and represent a fundamental category for understanding the very essence of local self-government.
Cognitive Warfare: Social Control, Meaning-Making and the Instrument of the Global Dominance. Part 2
Authors:   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Medushevskiy Andrei
Published: March 2024

Cognitive warfare becomes one of the most important element of the current debates on war and peace in the globalizing world. What is cognition and how it could be transform into one of the ways of war? Is it really a principally new type of war, or just a variety of a hybrid war, as combined informational, economic and political domains with conventional tools of military activities? And how we can evaluate conducting weaponization of brain sciences in terms of its potential impact on economy, society, political regimes legitimacy in process of the global competition over resources, power and dominance? The author looks forward to answer these questions by careful analysis of the real sense of the cognitive warfare concept, the complex of brain-manipulation technologies, and their practical role in current and future military conflicts.
Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
Authors: Härmä Mikko , Kecklund Göran , Tucker Philip
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE: This paper discusses the past and present highlights of working hours and health research and identifies key research needs for the future.

METHOD: We analyzed over 220 original articles and reviews on working hours and health in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health published during the last 50 years. Key publications from other journals were also included.

RESULTS: The majority of identified articles focussed on the effects of shift and night work, with fewer studying long and reduced working hours and work time control. We observed a transition from small-scale experimental and intensive field studies to large-scale epidemiological studies utilizing precise exposure assessment, reflecting the recent emergence of register-based datasets and the development of analytic methods and alternative study designs for randomized controlled designs. The cumulative findings provide convincing evidence that shift work and long working hours, which are often associated with night work and insufficient recovery, increase the risk of poor sleep and fatigue, sickness absence, occupational injuries, and several chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The observed risks are strongly modified by individual and work-related factors.

CONCLUSIONS: Although the observed health risks of shift work and long working hours are mostly low or moderate, the widespread prevalence of exposure and the hazardousness of the many associated potential outcomes makes such working time arrangements major occupational health risks. Further research is needed to identify exposure–response associations, especially in relation to the chronic health effects, and to elucidate underlying pathways and effective personalized intervention strategies.
DETERMINING THE DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF DRUG-RESISTANT AND DRUG-SUSCEPTIBLE TUBERCULOSIS IN KPK, PAKISTAN THROUGH A RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY
Authors: Ahmad Urooj , Arshad Anab , Jadoon Sara , Salih Shahana Saba , Ahmed Hafsa , Saifullah Samreen , Nayab Huma , Safi Sara
Published: March 2024

Objectives: The objective of this research was to find out the demographic characteristics of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant Tuberculosis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Material and Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted on data from the TB Control Program Khyber Pakhtunkhwa recorded between 1st January 2021 to 3rd June 2022. 7 sentinel sites and 5 Programmatic Management of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis sites report the data to the TB control program. The data was entered into Excel and analyzed through frequency tables, histograms, and bar charts.
Results: A total of 39,210 Tuberculosis cases were reported to TB control program KPK from 1st January 2021 to 3rd June 2022; 38,723 were drug-susceptible while 487 were drug-resistant TB cases. The highest percentage of TB was found in the age group 15-24 years. Males were more affected than females with drug-susceptible TB. In contrast, drug-resistant TB was affecting females more than males.  58% of cases were reported in the public sector while 42% cases in the private sector. The households of only 2,412 (6.22%) patients of drug-susceptible Tuberculosis were screened out of 38,723 patients. In 2815 Tuberculosis patients screened for HIV, 4 drug-susceptible and 5 drug-resistant cases were positive for HIV. 8.41% of drug-resistant TB patients were diabetic.
Conclusion: The frequency of TB cases is high in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, especially among 15-24-year-olds. Household contact screening is inadequate in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. There is a high percentage of coexisting drug-resistant TB and diabetes.
Keywords: Drug susceptible TB, Drug-resistant TB, HIV co-infection, Household contact.
COMPARISON OF NEONATAL OUTCOMES IN TERM PREGNANCIES IN NORMAL VS ABNORMAL CARDIOTOCOGRAPHY- AN EXPERIENCE AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Akhtar Zubaida , Ghayur Mahjabina S. , Gul Arzoo , Bibi Hifsa , Naib Jamila Mehnaz , Akhtar Naheed
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE: To compare the neonatal outcomes in normal vs abnormal cardiotocograhy in term pregnancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective analytical study carried out in A unit of obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from 15th April 2022 to 15th October 2022. A total 224 patients meeting inclusion criteria were included in study. In Group A (normal CTG) there were 111 patients and 113 were in Group B (abnormal CTG). Patients with known fetal congenital abnormalities, intrauterine growth restriction, and fetal mal presentations were excluded from the study.
RESULTS: The mean age of sample population was 26.02+4.497. Multigravidae were more than primigravidae in both groups (86.4% vs 13.6% in Group A and 72.5% vs 27.5% in Group B). In Group B, caesarean section rate was higher (82.3%) than Group A (9%).  From Group B, 26 (23%) newborns went to NICU for admission, whereas only 8 (7.2%) newborns from Group A needed NICU admission.  Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was also observed more in newborns in Group B compared to Group A (10 vs 1).  In Group A 12 babies had APGAR score <7 at 1 minute while in Group B 18 babies had APGAR score < 7 at 1 minute. In Group A 2 babies had APGAR score <7 at 5 minutes whereas in Group B 7 babies had APGAR score < 7.    
CONCLUSION: The caesarean section rate, NICU admission and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were more in Group B than in Group A and this difference was statistically significant (p-value 0.000, 0.000 and 0.006 respectively). Whereas there was no statistically significant difference in APGAR Score at 1 and 5 minutes in both groups (p-value 0.26 and 0.094 respectively)
KEY WORDS:
Cardiotocography, APGAR score, Caesarean section, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA IN ADULTS WITH NEW-ONSET PANCYTOPENIA ON PERIPHERAL SMEAR
Authors: Razaq Sajid , Badshah Aliena , Ur Rehman Obaid , Munib Nayab , Shafi Mohsin
Published: March 2024

Objectives: To determine the frequency of megaloblastic anemia in patients with a new onset of pancytopenia on peripheral smear.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 1st February 2021 to 31st July 2021.  A total of 109 patients participated in the study after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Patients with pancytopenia on peripheral smear underwent bone marrow biopsy. Megaloblastic anemia as the cause of pancytopenia was confirmed after bone marrow biopsy reports were available. The results were stratified into tables based on study participants’ demographics. Data was analyzed by SPSS 23 and presented in tables.
Results: Megaloblastic anemia was observed in 42.2% of patients presenting with pancytopenia on peripheral smear. 66.1% of these were male and 33.9% were female.
Conclusion: A large number of patients with pancytopenia on initial investigations were diagnosed to be suffering from megaloblastic anemia in our study.
Keywords: Pancytopenia; Megaloblastic anemia; Peripheral smear; Bone marrow biopsy
Direct Optimization for Cycle Working Fluids Using a Thermodynamic Generalized Fluid Approach
Authors: Begay Justin , Banuti Daniel
Published: March 2024

Fluid blends as working fluids in solar thermal power cycles have been shown to promise an even higher efficiency than pure fluids. Rather than exploring specific blends, we propose an approach in which we directly optimize for a working fluid characterized in terms of the fluid critical point following the fundamental corresponding states principle. This direct approach allows to identify the optimal fluid one would require for given cycle boundary conditions. The approach can be applied to any given cycle; the suitable fluid selection is then performed in a second step after the desired optimal properties are identified.
Drop dead! Female mate avoidance in an explosively breeding frog
Authors: Dittrich Carolin
Published: March 2024

Males’ and females’ reproductive strategies may differ, potentially leading to sexual conflict. Increased efforts by males (harassment, forced copulation, intimidation) to gain access to females could even negatively affect female survival and thus lead to reproductive failure for both individuals. In anurans, a higher mortality risk of mating females has been reported in explosive breeding species. During these mating events, several males cling to a female, which are mostly unable to get rid of the unwanted males. This can lead to the female's death. From the literature, it seems that females of explosive breeding frogs have no means to reject unwanted males. Here we describe female mate avoidance behaviours in the European common frog. We observed three female avoidance behaviours, namely ‘rotation’, ‘release call(s)’ and tonic immobility (death feigning). These behaviours were significantly associated with smaller female body size, and smaller females were more successful in escaping amplexus. Tonic immobility as a tactic to avoid mating or male harassment has only been observed in a handful of species and only in one other amphibian. Our observations show that females in explosive breeding frogs may not be as passive and helpless as previously thought.
Pengaruh Bonus Pack dan Price Potongan Terhadap Impulse Buying
Authors: Wiyata Mariati Tirta , Handayani Eneng Fitri
Published: March 2024

Riset ini bertujuan guna menguji dampak bonus pack dan price potongan terhadap impulse buying pada klien PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk Sarasa 2 Loasari Kota Sukabumi. Metode riset memakai pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket kepada 100 orang responden. Teknik analisis data memakai alat uji statistik regresi linier berganda. Hasil riset memperlihatkan bonus pack secara parsial tidak berdampak terhadap impulse buying, sedangkan price potongan secara parsial berdampak positif dan penting terhadap impulse buying. Bonus pack dan price potongan secara simultan berdampak positif dan penting terhadap impulse buying. Kontribusi dampak bonus pack dan price potongan terhadap impulse buying sebesar 24,7% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 75,3% diakibatkan faktor lain di luar riset.
Authors Disagreeing with Retractions: A Growing Procedural Concern?
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime
Published: March 2024

Several studies have already documented a lack of transparency in retraction notices (RNs), which often omit important information that would allow readers to appreciate the entire process’s intricacies, including those involved and the reasons leading up to the retrac-tion. One issue rarely discussed in the academic literature is authors’ disagreement with retractions, the wording of RNs, or retractions themselves. In this paper, using six examples of retractions and their respective RNs across journals and/or publishers, all COPE members, a reflection is offered as to why this issue needs a more intense debate and greater procedural clarity by editors, journals, and publishers.
大學棒球打者下肢力量及力量不對稱性與揮棒速度的關聯
Authors: 許安 許安 , 陳勁甫 陳勁甫 , 莊國良 莊國良 , Kuo-Liang Chuang 陳秀惠
Published: March 2024

目的：本研究旨在檢視大專棒球打者之大腿中部等長拉力測驗 (isometric mid-thighpull test, IMTP ) 的肌力表現以及其雙側差異與揮棒速度的關聯。方法：大學棒球野手20 名，進行 IMTP 與揮棒速度測驗後，依照其絕對力量對稱指數值分為低 (LSI)、中 (MSI)、高 (HSI) 力量對稱組，比較三組在揮棒速度與力量表現的差別，以及分析全體及分組在變項之間的關係。結果：全體參與者的力量峰值與揮棒速度有顯著的關係 (p < .05)。各組間在揮棒速度、力量的峰值和發力率皆無顯著的差異。HIS 的力量表現與球速有正相關，而 LSI 則相反。各組的發力率、力量峰值間有不同的正向關聯：HIS 的力量峰值與 250 毫秒的發力率有關，MSI 的各分段的發力率幾乎都有所關聯，LSI 的 150 毫秒發力率與力量峰值有顯著的關係。結論：下肢等長拉力的峰值越大，揮棒速度越快。不同程度的力量不對稱性，會有不同的力量發展型態以及與揮棒速度的關係。

 

Purpose: The presented study aimed to examine the relationship between isometric mid-thigh-pull test (IMTP) and swing speed in college baseball hitters. Methods: Twenty college fielders participated and implemented the tests of IMTP and swing speed. They then were divided into low (LSI), medium (MSI), and high (HSI) force symmetry groups according to their absolute force symmetry index values. The differences in swing speed and IMTP performances were compared between three groups, and the patterns of relationship in variables for overall and groups were analyzed. Results: There was a significant relationship between peak force and swing speed (p < .05). No significant difference was found between groups in swing speed and IMTP performances. HSI and LSI have different relationships between force and ball speed in which the HSI has positive relationship while reverse for LSI. The relation between force development rate and peak force value were varied in groups in which the HSI had related peak force value and force development rate of 250ms, the MSI had relations in most force development rates, and the LSI had significant relation between force development rate of 150ms and peak force value. Conclusion: The greater the peak isometric midthigh pull force of the lower body, the faster the swing. Different degrees of force asymmetry will have different force development patterns and relationships with swing speed.

 
Correction method for moderate and severe degrees of hallux valgus associated with transfer metatarsalgia
Authors: Zhanaspayev Amangasy , Bokembayev Nurlan , Zhanaspayev Marat , Tlemissov Aidos , Aubakirova Sabina , Prokazyuk Alexander
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Hallux valgus (HV) is a common foot deformity that manifests with increasing age, especially in women. The associated foot pain causes impaired gait and decreases quality of life. Moderate and severe HV is a deformity that is characterized by the involvement of lesser rays and requires complex surgical treatment. In this study, we attempted to develop a procedure for this condition.

AIM

To analyse the treatment results of patients who underwent simultaneous surgical correction of all parts of a static forefoot deformity.

METHODS

We conducted a prospective clinical trial between 2016 and 2021 in which 30 feet with moderate or severe HV associated with Tailor’s bunion and metatarsalgia were surgically treated via a new method involving surgical correction of all associated problems. This method included a modified Lapidus procedure, M2M3 tarsometatarsal arthrodesis, intermetatarsal fusion of the M4 and M5 bases, and the use of an original external fixation apparatus to enhance correction power. Preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up radiographic data and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores were compared, and P values < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.

RESULTS

The study included 28 females (93.3%) and 2 males feet (6.7%), 20 (66.7%) of whom had a moderate degree of HV and 10 (33.3%) of whom had severe deformity. M2 and M3 metatarsalgia was observed in 21 feet, and 9 feet experienced pain only at M2. The mean follow-up duration was 11 months. All patients had good correction of the HV angle [preoperative median, 36.5 degrees, interquartile range (IQR): 30-45; postoperative median, 10 degrees, IQR: 8.8-10; follow-up median, 11.5 degrees, IQR: 10-14; P < 0.01]. At follow-up, metatarsalgia was resolved in most patients (30 vs 5). There was a clinically negligible decrease in the corrected angles at the final follow-up, and the overall AOFAS score was significantly better (median, 65 points, IQR: 53.8-70; vs 80 points, IQR: 75-85; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

The developed method showed good sustainability of correction power in a small sample of patients at the one-year follow-up. Randomized clinical trials with larger samples, as well as long-term outcome assessments, are needed in the future.