bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coexistencia de Sarcopenia y fragilidad en adultos mayores y su asociación con mortalidad
Authors:   , Espinoza Hoempler Adriana Berenice , Picon Alacote Mishell Estefanny
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: En una población adulta mayor en crecimiento es importante comprender la correlación entre la fragilidad y la sarcopenia que son los principales síndromes en dicha población. La fragilidad es definida como una discapacidad multisistémica con un incremento de la vulnerabilidad a estresores, mientras que la sarcopenia es la pérdida de masa muscular. Estudios previos postulan que pacientes con fragilidad presentan sarcopenia, ya que ambos pueden coexistir al compartir diversos factores predisponentes. Por el contrario, estudios recientes proponen que no todos los individuos frágiles son sarcopénicos, algunos de ellos presentan características cognitivas o inflamatorias más predominantes, a su vez influenciados por sus diversas comorbilidades, razón por la que se postula el fenotipo de fragilidad sarcopénica. Nuestro estudio pretende demostrar que, si el individuo es de carácter frágil y presenta criterios de sarcopenia, el riesgo de mortalidad es más alto. OBJETIVO: Determinar la coexistencia de sarcopenia y fragilidad en adultos mayores y su asociación con la mortalidad en el Centro Médico Naval (CEMENA) del Perú. METODOLOGÍA: Este es un estudio con diseño observacional, tipo cohorte y retrospectivo que analiza las variables fragilidad y sarcopenia con mortalidad en base a una base de datos secundaria del Centro Médico Naval (CEMENA) del Perú, la cual incluye 1896 individuos que cumplan con los criterios de Fried para fragilidad y los criterios del consenso europeo de sarcopenia para sarcopenia. RESULTADOS: En el modelo crudo y en el modelo ajustado se evidenció que los varones tuvieron mayor riesgo de mortalidad en comparación a las mujeres, y los pacientes que presentaban ambos síndromes tenían mayor riesgo de mortalidad en comparación a los que solo presentaron un solo síndrome. En el modelo estratificado por sexo, se demostró que tanto los hombres como las mujeres que tenían coexistencia de fragilidad y sarcopenia presentaban mayor riesgo de mortalidad que los pacientes con solo uno de estos síndromes. CONCLUSIONES: En cuanto a la coexistencia de fragilidad y sarcopenia en asociación a mortalidad, el sexo masculino predomina en comparación al femenino.
Ultrafine Fe2O3 nanoparticles encapsulated in the pores of a metal-organic framework for highly efficient electrosynthesis of urea
Authors: Huang Da-Shuai , Qiu Xiao-Feng , Huang Jia-Run , Mao Min , Liu Lingmei , Han Yu , Liao Pei-Qin , Chen Xiao-Ming
Published: January 2024

Electrochemical co-reduction of CO2 and nitrate to synthesize urea is a crucial and challenging task. So far, the reported catalysts have suffered from either low Faradaic efficiency (FE) or inadequate current density, leading to a restricted yield rate of urea. In this work, by a "ship-in-a-bottle" strategy, the ultrafine γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) (< 2 nm) were introduced into the pores of a conductive (40 S cm−1) metal-organic framework Ni-HITP, resulting in a new composite material, namely γ-Fe2O3@Ni-HITP. Under neutral conditions, γ-Fe2O3@Ni-HITP exhibited a state-of-art electrocatalytic performance for urea synthesis through the co-reduction of CO2 and nitrate in CO2-saturated 0.1 M KHCO3 and 0.1 M KNO3 aqueous solution, achieving an FEurea of 65.8(6)%, a current density of −90 mA cm−2 and an ultrahigh yield rate of 20.4 g h−1 gcat.−1 (7.7 mg h−1 cm−2), which is about 5 times higher than those of reported catalysts. No obvious degradation was observed over 150 hours of continuous operation at such ultrahigh yield rate. Enlarging the electrode area by 125 times and working for 8 hours, about 1.05 g of high-purity urea was obtained, highlighting the potential industrial application. Mechanistic study revealed that the Fe(Ⅲ) ions of γ-Fe2O3 NPs exhibit high activity to generate the key intermediates *NH2 and *COOH. Furthermore, the synergistic effect between a pair of adjacent Fe(Ⅲ) ions of γ-Fe2O3 NPs promotes the C−N coupling between *NH2 and *COOH, resulting in the formation of the subsequent key intermediate *CONH2, thereby contributing to the exceptional high-performance for urea production. This work significantly expands the applicability of NPs by combining them with conductive porous matrices, and paves the way for innovative design of high-performance catalysts.
The Efficiency of Physiological Markers for Screening Salt-Tolerant Stock (Matthiola incana L.) Cultivars
Authors: Eslam Zahra Haj Zeinolabedin , Arab Mostafa , Roozban Mahmoud Reza , Lotfi Mahmoud , Davarzani Maryam , Vahdati Kourosh
Published: January 2024

Stock (Matthiola incana L.) is one of the most commercial cut-flowers in the world. To evaluate the efficiency of physiological markers for salt tolerance, 10 cultivars of stock were selected and their seedlings were irrigated with salt water (6 dS/m) from four true-leaf stage for six weeks. The dry weight of shoots and roots, and K+, Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations in shoots were evaluated in the study. Based on the results, dry weights of shoots and roots had positive correlations with K+/Na+ selectivity coefficient. This indicates that K+/Na+ ratio in shoots has a direct correlation with the amount of plant growth under salinity conditions. Also, a negative correlation was found between Ca2+ and K+ accumulation and dry weights of the shoots. There was a low Ca2+ to Na+ ratio in the shoots, which confirms the importance of the K+ accumulation rate in the shoots or the K+/Na+ selectivity coefficient, as the determinant factor of salt tolerance rate in stock. In conclusion, ‘Column Lilac Lavender’, ‘Column Lavender’ and ‘Column Cooper’ with the highest K+/Na+ ratio in shoots, were considered as the most tolerant, and ‘Column Mid-Blue’ and ‘Column Rose’ with the lowest K+/Na+ ratio, as the most sensitive cultivars to salinity. The physiological markers used in this study can be introduced for large-scale screening of salt-tolerant varieties of the stock.
Blood vessel organoids generated by base editing and harboring single nucleotide variation in Notch3 effectively recapitulate CADASIL-related pathogenesis
Authors: Kim Sun-Uk , Ahn Yujin , An Ju-Hyun , Yang Hae-Jun , Lee Wi-Jae , Lee Sang-Hee , Park Young-Ho , Lee Jong-Hee , Lee Hong J. , Lee Seung Hwan
Published: January 2024

Human blood vessel organoids (hBVOs) offer a promising platform for investigating vascular diseases and identifying therapeutic targets. In this study, we focused on in vitro modeling and therapeutic target finding of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), the most common form of hereditary stroke disorder caused by mutations in the Notch3 gene. Despite the identification of these mutations, the underlying pathological mechanism is elusive, and effective therapeutic approaches are lacking. CADASIL primarily affects the blood vessels in the brain, leading to ischemic strokes, migraines, and dementia. By employing CRISPR/Cas9 base-editing technology, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) carrying Notch3 mutations. These mutant hiPSCs were differentiated into hBVOs. The Notch3 mutated hBVOs exhibited CADASIL-like pathology, characterized by a reduced vessel diameter and degeneration of mural cells. Furthermore, we observed an accumulation of notch3 extracellular domain (notch3ECD), increased apoptosis, and cytoskeletal alterations in the Notch3 mutant hBVOs. Notably, treatment with ROCK inhibitors partially restored the disconnection between vascular cells in the mutant hBVOs. These findings shed light on the pathogenesis of CADASIL and highlight the potential of hBVOs for studying and developing therapeutic interventions for this debilitating human vascular disorder.
Failure analysis of a welded 316L stainless-steel stack with premature damage due to stress-corrosion cracking
Authors: León-Henao Henry , Morales-Galeano John E , Santa-Marín Juan Felipe , Giraldo-Barrada Jorge E.
Published: January 2024

This study analyzed the premature failure of a stainless-steel stack obtained from a mining company. The stack was manufactured using ASTM A240 Type 316L stainless steel. After one year of its service, massive leakages and cracks were observed near the welds. Following a visual examination of the stack, a representative sample was extracted and analyzed using visual and radiographic inspection, metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, optical emission spectrometry, ferrite number analysis, and leak testing. Furthermore, corrosion mechanisms and the sequence of events leading to failure were determined. Two different mechanisms were identified: acid dew point corrosion caused by the condensation of H2SO4 and HCl at the inner walls of the chimney, followed by stress-corrosion cracking near the welded joints.
Resting Prolactin Measurements: a useful step in hyperprolactinaemia assessment
Authors: Brimble Rebecca , Bolland Mark
Published: January 2024

Objective
Elevated prolactin levels are a common reason for referral to Endocrinologists but are frequently normal on repeated testing. We audited results of resting prolactin measurements to investigate whether routine testing in assessment of mild hyperprolactinaemia might improve the referral pathway.
Results
We identified all patients with resting prolactin measurements at ADHB Endocrinology (Auckland, New Zealand) between 2019–2020 and extracted relevant information from clinical records. 71 patients were identified: their average age was 33 (11) years; 58 (82%) were female; and the mean prior prolactin was 676 (257) mIU/L [range 245–1516, 12 (17%) > 1000 mIU/L]. 47/71 (66%) patients had a resting prolactin in the normal range. 29/52 (56%) of resting tests were normal at baseline, with the majority normal by 30 minutes. Only 1/11 tests decreased from elevated to normal between 30 and 60 minutes. Neither the level of previous prolactin measurements (> or < 1000 mIU/L), whether the indication for prolactin measurement was appropriate or not, or the highest pre-endocrinology assessment prolactin accurately predicted a normal resting prolactin. In summary, measurement of resting prolactin prior to an endocrinology clinical review is likely to identify individuals with normal prolactin who do not require a clinical assessment.
Each of the twenty amino acids in the codon dictionary has its own numerical value
Authors: Bayles Brenda K Krkosska , Heckert Charles M.
Published: January 2024

A codon’s three bases consist of any combination of uracil, cytosine, adenine, or guanine and these encode the twenty amino acids. When the codon’s first two bases are given specific values, and those values are multiplied, then the third base of the codon is used during translation only when the product is greater than three. Here we show that those values plus more variables within the ribosomal decoding site results in specific flow values for each of the twenty amino acid groups. These results are demonstrated in a flow chart showing the unidirectional flow which is expected during the translation process. All twenty amino acids can be represented by numbers that describe their relationship to each other and to the decoding site. We anticipate our findings will increase discussion about using a number system to better understand the translation process.
The elephant in the room: embodied emissions in our power sector
Authors: Farnsworth Amanda , Gencer Emre
Published: January 2024

Supporting rapid deployment of renewable power generation is a must to transition to a sustainable economy. Inaccurate accounting of greenhouse gas emissions will have detrimental consequences for our planet. Specifically, this study shows that: 1) ignoring embodied emissions in policy and planning will mean never actually reaching carbon neutrality, 2) carbon negative technologies are needed to actually reach net-zero, 3) fair and accurate decarbonization is even harder and more expensive than we are currently estimating. Ignoring embodied emissions is not only neglectful, but also leads to a suboptimal design of a decarbonized power sector. At deep levels of decarbonization, 20 gCO2-e/kWh, embodied emissions are over 50% of total system emissions. As our grid becomes cleaner, further reducing power sector emissions becomes even more challenging and expensive.
Easing accessibility to mass spectrometry imaging using convolutional autoencoders for deriving hypoxia-associated peptide candidates from tumors
Authors: Bitto Verena , Hönscheid Pia , Besso María José , Sperling Christian , Kurth Ina , Baumann Michael , Brors Benedikt
Published: January 2024

Spatial omics data promise to reveal novel insights into the intratumoral heterogenity of biological parameters of cancer.
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) allows to study spatially-resolved peptides, metabolites and lipids.
Yet, in biomedical research the technology is rarely used for biomarker discovery. Like all spatial omics data, its high dimensionality and multicollinearity imposes special challenges for analysis. Additionally, mass spectrometry technologies typically output mass-to-charge ratio values but not the biochemical compounds of interest.

We propose a framework that addresses both issues to make MSI more accessible. We utilized convolutional autoencoders to aggregate intratumoral features of interest from MSI of cancer xenograft models. Exemplified for the parameter tumor hypoxia, which is known to show significant spatial heterogeneity, we highlight that MSI is able to capture these small intensity signals and that autoencoders can preserve them in a lower dimensional space. Complementing MSI with tandem MS data from the same tumor model, multiple promising peptide candidates were derived that were associated with hypoxia. Compared to random forest models, we showed that our autoencoder approach produced more plausible candidates.
Considering other spatial omics modalities, the architecture of the convolutional autoencoder can be easily adapted while ensuring high explainability.
Purification and Characterization of Soluble Recombinant Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Glycoprotein Gc expressed in mammalian 293F Cells
Authors: Makoah Nigel Aminake , Litabe Matefo Millicent , Simo Fredy Brice Nemg , Maboho Katlego Keith , Burt Felicity Jane
Published: January 2024

Background
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease that presents with severe hemorrhagic manifestations and is associated with significant fatality rates. The causative agent, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV), is a high-priority pathogen identified by the World Health Organization with no approved vaccine or specific treatment available. In addition there is a critical need for enhanced diagnostic tools to improve public health awareness, prevention measures, and disease control strategies.
Methods
We designed plasmids to enable the purification of soluble CCHFV glycoprotein Gc expressed in mammalian 293F cells, followed by purification using affinity and size exclusion chromatography. The purified antigen was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting to confirm its reactivity to antibodies from CCHF survivors. Additionally, an in-house indirect ELISA was developed using the purified Gc as a coating antigen.
Results
The optimized expression system successfully produced soluble and pure Gc antigen after affinity chromatography. The protein showed specific reactivity with CCHFV-positive serum antibodies in Western blot analysis. The indirect ELISA assay demonstrated high efficacy in distinguishing between CCHFV-positive and -negative serum samples, indicating its potential as a valuable diagnostic tool. Size exclusion chromatography further confirmed the presence of aggregates in our protein preparation.
Conclusions
The purified Gc antigen shows promise for developing direct diagnostic assays for CCHFV. The antigen's suitability for subunit vaccine development and its application as bait for monoclonal antibody isolation from survivors could be investigated further. This work lays the foundation for future research into the development of rapid diagnostic tests for field deployment.
Zero modes activation to reconcile floppiness, rigidity, and multistability into an all-in-one class of reprogrammable metamaterials
Authors: Wu Lei , Pasini Damiano
Published: January 2024

Existing mechanical metamaterials are typically designed to either withstand loads as a stiff structure, shape morph as a floppy mechanism, or trap energy as a multistable matter, distinct behaviours that correspond to three primary classes of macroscopic solids. Their stiffness and stability are sealed permanently into their architecture, mostly remaining immutable post-fabrication due to the invariance of zero modes. Here we introduce an all-in-one class of reprogrammable metamaterials that enable the in-situ reprogramming of zero modes to access the apparently conflicting properties of all classes. Through the selective activation of metahinges via self-contact, their architecture can be switched to acquire on-demand rigidity, floppiness, or multistability, bridging the seemingly uncrossable gap between structures, mechanisms, and multistable matters. We showcase the versatile reprogrammability of zero modes for a range of properties including stiffness, mechanical signal guiding, buckling modes, phonon spectra, and auxeticity, opening a plethora of opportunities for all-in-one materials and devices.
CT Assessment of the Presence of Septation Between the Frontal Sinus and Supraorbital Ethmoid Cells: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Alhumaizi Abdulrahman , Alomair Alanoud , Alyahiwi Lara , Aldawish Reema , Alnafisah Haya
Published: January 2024

Background
Supraorbital ethmoidal cells (SOEC) are air-filled ethmoidal cells found in the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is located close to the frontal recess and sinus and is usually separated by a thin bony septum from the frontal sinus. Unaddressed SOEC can lead to failed or complicated endoscopic sinus procedures, residual fungal elements, or mucocele. Moreover, improper localization during the procedure may contribute to an increased risk of orbital and skull base injuries.
Objectives
To determine the presence of septation between the frontal and the supraorbital ethmoid cell based on radiological imaging and to study the degree of SOEC pneumatization.
Methods
A retrospective study that included 244 computed tomography images of the paranasal sinuses was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 at King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH).
Results
This study included 244 participants. Most participants (55.7%) were female, with the largest age group falling between 18 and 28 (34.8%). Most cases (60.7%) had bilateral Supra-Orbital Ethmoidal Cells.
The pneumatization of SOEC was classified into three types based on its lateral extension on computed tomography images. Majority of patients were found to have type 1 pneumatization, followed by type 2 then type 3. Most cases showed septation between the frontal and SOEC on both the right (74.1%) and left (59.3%) sides. According to this study, there is no association between many factors such as gender, age, chronic rhinosinusitis, pneumatization of the sinuses, and the occurrence of septation between the frontal and SOEC.
Conclusion
Surgeons should have heightened awareness regarding the complexity of the anatomical variation of the frontal sinus and SOEC. A new classification is proposed regarding the degree of pneumatization of SOEC that has value in understanding the anatomy and planning the surgical approach.
Mesenchymal fibroblast cell promotes invasiveness of aggressive fibromatosis by remodeling extracellular matrix through CREB3L1/COL1A1 axis
Authors: li yan , xu yu , xie yubin , zhuang guo , zhang jiajun , shen jingnan , Yin Junqiang
Published: January 2024

Background: Aggressive fibromatosis(AF) is an intermediate tumor originating from fibroblasts, but pathogenesis of which is not fully understood.
Methods: We analyzed 53,203 single cells from thigh, neck, and forearm AF by using single-cell RNA sequencing integrates along with public single cell sequencing data of normal scars and keloids. We found an obvious increase in the population of mesenchymal fibroblasts in AF and proves the importance of this cell subsets in aggressive process by immunohistochemistry and multiple immunofluorescence.
Results: We found that mesenchymal fibroblasts may modify the kinetics of extracellular matrix remodeling process of AF by changing the amount and type of collagen. Transcription factors that regulate mesenchymal fibroblast(MF) sub-clusters have been inferred by SCENIC regulons and we have identified CREB3L1/COL1A1 axis in MF clusters as potential transcriptional targets of AF and the mechanism of action may through relocation from cytoplasmic to cell nucleus.
Conclusion : Mesenchymal fibroblast cell promotes invasiveness of aggressive fibromatosis by remodeling extracellular matrix through CREB3L1/COL1A1 axis. Our single cell sequencing results may provide detailed hints for clinical diagnosis and treatment for AF, and.
Crop Recommendation in Precision Agriculture Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Patil Nivedita Adhik , Mane Sandip
Published: January 2024

Analysts are increasingly interested in planning and organizing land activities near the shore, a trend that has emerged in recent years. This interest is driven by various factors, particularly the increasing focus on agricultural land and research on soil health. Soil strength plays a crucial role in enhancing crop yields, making it a significant area of research focus in local regions. The research discussed in this work delves into the study of water flow, examining its potential benefits and the problems it may pose. The primary emphasis is on scientifically investigating various advanced and efficient clustering systems and methods. The goal is to understand how these methods contribute to improving the accuracy of classification. To enhance classification accuracy, it is vital to make effective use of remotely sensed data features and choose the most suitable classifier. In our project, we aim to predict crops and weather conditions like temperature, humidity, pH, and rainfall based on soil attributes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, also the season and region. We have employed the Random Forest algorithm, selecting the configuration that yields the highest prediction accuracy. Ultimately, our efforts have resulted in achieving an impressive 93.7% accuracy using the Random Forest algorithm.
Targeting ARNT attenuates Chemoresistance Through Destabilizing p38α-MAPK Signaling in Glioblastoma
Authors: Alafate Wahafu , Lv Gen , Zheng Jiantao , Cai Haiping , Wu Wei , Yang Yong , Du Shichao , Zhou Dong , Wang Peng
Published: January 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor in adults. This study aimed to investigate the functional significance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) in the pathogenesis of GBM. Analysis of public datasets revealed ARNT is upregulated in GBM tissues compared to lower grade gliomas or normal brain tissues. Higher ARNT expression correlated with the mesenchymal subtype and poorer survival in GBM patients. Silencing ARNT using lentiviral shRNAs attenuated the proliferative, invasive, and stem-like capabilities of GBM cell lines, while ARNT overexpression enhanced these malignant phenotypes. Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered that ARNT is highly expressed in a stem-like subpopulation and is involved in regulating glycolysis, hypoxia response, and stress pathways. Mechanistic studies found ARNT activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to promote chemoresistance in GBM cells. Disrupting the ARNT/p38α protein interaction via the ARNT PAS-A domain restored temozolomide sensitivity. Overall, this study demonstrates ARNT functions as an oncogenic driver in GBM pathogenesis and represents a promising therapeutic target.
Weight Analysis for Multi-objective Optimal Solution of Multi-energy Complementary System
Authors: Tang Yifang , Wang Zhiyong , Liu Changrong , Li lin
Published: January 2024

Multi-energy complementary system (MCS), integrating with renewable energy and new energy, is an effective way to promote low-carbon development and clean energy utilization. Reasonable system configurations and operation scheduling schemes play key roles in maintaining the long-term and efficient operations of the system. In general, multi-objective optimization of system integration is employed to achieve the optimal decision strategies for MCS operations. However, different weights used to determine the importance of each objective during the optimization may cause various optimization results. Thus, reasonable weight adopted is critical to the credibility of the optimization solutions and the resulting system efficiency. In this paper, a comprehensive weight analysis is implemented during the multi-objective optimization for the decision-making of the MCS. The weight determination of MCS design optimization objective is analyzed from three aspects namely subjective, objective, and the combination of subjective and objective. Based on a case analysis, it isfounded that when the weight is determined by subjective weighting method, the weight of economic index is the largest. When the objective weighting method is adopted, the environmental protection index is obviously greater than the economic index and the energy efficiency index. Due to the different information entropy carried by each target in each group of data, the weights obtained by objective weighting and subjective and objective comprehensive weighting are different. With different weight decision schemes, the capacity of each MCS equipment varies greatly. While using the intelligent optimization algorithm for multi-objective optimization, it is necessary to analyze the weight of each objective in the process of multiple independent experiments and make comprehensive decisions according to the objective preference of decision makers to determine the optimal solution. The results indicatethat the research provides an effective reference for the analysis of the weight of each objective and the decision of the optimal solution in the MCS optimization research process.
Disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection Involving Multiple Bones and lung in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Yang-Ming , Liu Yuag-Meng , Chen Tsung-Chia
Published: January 2024

Background
Cryptococcal osteomyelitis is a rare and potentially serious condition, typically encountered in individuals with compromised immune systems. This case underscores the unusual occurrence of disseminated Cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent person, involving multiple bones and lungs, with Cryptococcus neoformans identified as the causative agent.
Case presentation:
An Indonesian man, previously in good health, presented with a chief complaint of successive multiple bone pain lasting for more one month, without any prior history of trauma. Additionally, he reported a recent onset of fever. On physical examination, tenderness was observed in the left lateral chest wall and right iliac crest. Laboratory findings indicated mildly elevated inflammatory markers. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed an ovoid solid nodule in the right lower lung and multifocal osteolytic lesions in the sternum, ribs, and humeral head. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the sacrum showed multiple lesions in the bilateral iliac bone and the lower L4 vertebral body. Confirmation of Cryptococcal osteomyelitis involved a fine-needle biopsy and culture, identifying Cryptococcus neoformans in the aspirate. The patient responded positively to targeted antifungal treatments, leading to a gradual improvement in his condition.
Conclusions
This case emphasizes the need to consider Cryptococcus neoformans osteomyelitis in immunocompetent patients with bone pain. A definitive diagnosis involves a fine-needle biopsy for pathology and culture, and prompt initiation of appropriate antifungal treatment has proven effective in preventing mortality.
COMBINE: A Comprehensive Multi-Omics Approach for Improving Breast Cancer Prognosis Classification in African American Women
Authors: Feng Xin , Xie Weiming , Dong Lin , Xin Yongxian , Xin Ruihao
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer disproportionately affects African American women under the age of 50, leading to higher incidence rates, more aggressive cancer subtypes, and increased mortality compared to other racial and ethnic groups. To enhance the prediction of onset risk and enable timely intervention and treatment, it is crucial to investigate the genetic and molecular factors associated with these disparities. This study introduces COMBINE, an innovative ensemble learning model that combines three types of omics data to improve the accuracy of breast cancer prognosis classification and reduce the model's time complexity. A comparative analysis of the fusion effects for African American and White women reveals a significant improvement in the fusion effect for African American women. Additionally, gene enrichment analysis highlights the importance of considering race when selecting relevant biomarkers. To address the challenges of cancer prognosis classification, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, along with ensemble learning, is employed. This comprehensive approach facilitates the exploration of new concepts for the application of multi-omics data, potentially leading to more personalized and effective treatment strategies. The study highlights the potential of ensemble learning as a fusion technique for multi-omics data in cancer prognosis classification. It emphasizes the importance of refining our understanding of the genetic and molecular factors contributing to disparities in breast cancer incidence and outcomes. Ultimately, this research has the potential to improve healthcare outcomes for African American women and alleviate the burden of this formidable disease.
The Effect of Family Integrated Care on Preparing Parents with Premature Infants Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for Discharge
Authors: Tiryaki Öznur , ÇINAR Nursan , Caner İbrahim
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE:The study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental trial to determine the effect of the Family Integrated Care(FICare) model on the readiness of parents whose infants were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU) for discharge and home care of the infants.
STUDY DESING:The sample group of the study consisted of 68 parents,34of whom were in the intervention group with infants hospitalized in the NICU and34 in the control group.Parents in the intervention group received FICare,and parents in the control group received usual care.
RESULTS:The total mean score of the mothers and fathers in the intervention group regarding readiness for discharge and home care was higher than that of the control group,and a significant difference was observed.
CONCLUSION:The FICare model was observed to enhance the readiness of mothers and fathers for discharge and home care and positively affect the infant's weight gain,thestatus of breastfeeding and the continuation of nutrition.
Cost-effectiveness of Metronomic chemotherapy vs Weekly Intravenous Paclitaxel in patients with ER+/HER2-Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Ren Ning , Xu Qiaoping , Ren Lanqi , Yang Yibei , Pan Junjie
Published: January 2024

Objective：To compare the cost-effectiveness of Metronomic Oral Vinorelbine plus Cyclophosphamide and Capecitabine(VEX) and Weekly Intravenous Paclitaxel (P) in patients with Estrogen Receptor–Positive, ERBB2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC).
Methods：The Markov model was established to simulate the patients receiving metronomic chemotherapy (VEX regimen) and Weekly Intravenous Paclitaxel. The results of clinical trials and other published literature were comprehensively used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness ratio of the two chemotherapy regimens, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.
Results：The QALYs of VEX and P regimen were 1.85 and 1.45, respectively, and the ICERs were $40 333.69/QALY and $4 152.09/QALY, respectively. In China, the total cost of VEX regimen is $74 617.32, while the total cost of P regimen is $6 020.53. The cost of P regimen is much lower than that of the VEX regimen. In addition, the VEX is more effective than the P, with higher TTF and PFS, and higher disease control rates. Sensitivity analysis shows that P regimen has a more cost-effective advantage in China. The analysis of incremental cost-effectiveness shows that with VEX as the reference group, P regimen is the preferred option.
Conclusions：Compared with VEX, P regimen is more cost-effective as a first-line treatment for ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer from the perspective of Chinese health service system.
Floral ontogeny reveals synapomorphies for Senegalia sect. Monacanthea p.p. (Leguminosae)
Authors: Alvarado-Reyes Anderson Javier , Paulino Juliana Vilella , Terra Vanessa Santos da , Mansano Vidal de Freitas
Published: January 2024

The genus Senegalia was recently described as non-monophyletic; however, its sections exhibit robust monophyletic support, suggesting a potential reclassification into separate genera. Senegalia sect. Monocanthea p.p. is the largest section and contains 164 species of pantropical distribution and includes all of the current 99 neotropical species of Senegalia; however, no morphological characteristics are available to differentiate this section. To characterize this section, we examined floral developmental traits in four species of Senegalia sect. Monocanthea p.p. These traits were previously considered as potentially distinguishing features within Acacia s.l. and include the onset patterns of the androecium, the timing of calyx union, the origin of the staminal disc, and the presence of stomata on the petals. Furthermore, we analyzed previously unexplored traits, such as corolla union types, inflorescence development, and micromorphological features related to the indumentum, as well as the presence and location of stomata. All these characters were analyzed in the context of the relationships among the studied species. The characteristics proposed as potential synapomorphies of the group include the postgenital fusion of the corolla and the presence of a staminal disc formed at the base of the filaments. The other analyzed floral characteristics were not informative for the characterization of the group and exhibited limited correlation with the phylogenetic position of the Senegalia species. Future studies of floral ontogeny will help to establish more precise patterns, mainly whether corolla union and staminal tube formation occur similarly in African and Asian sections of Senegalia.
Hematologic system damage is common and related to severity in patients with acute hepatitis E
Authors: Cao Xuemei , Chen Jie , Liu Yushuang , Yang Yuling , Zhang Shujun
Published: January 2024

Background: Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis E have been extensively reported, yet there is a lack of comprehensive systematic studies on this aspect. This article is to report hematologic systemdamage caused by hepatitis E.
Methods: A retrospective study enrolled 170 patients with acute hepatitis E. The study analyzed the proportion of patients with decreased white blood cell, hemoglobin, and platelet levels in their blood routine, along with their potential clinical significance. 49 patients with HA were also included as controls to compare and analyze the differences in biochemical indicators and hematologic damage.
Results: Among the 170 patients with hepatitis E, 47 cases (27.64%) presented with leukopenia, 94 cases (55.29%) exhibited anemia, and 33 cases (19.41%) experienced thrombocytopenia. The findings indicated that hemoglobin and platelets are lower in patients with hepatitis E than in patients with hepatitis A, and anemia is more common in patients with hepatitis E. The anemia group had significantly lower levels of albumin, alanine aminotransferase, and cholinesterase compared to the normal group (p<0.001, p=0.005, p<0.001). Additionally, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher in the anemia group than in the normal group (p=0.031, p=0.003). Moreover, the anemia group showed a higher likelihood of experiencing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (p=0.025). In comparison to the normal platelet group, the thrombocytopenia group exhibited significantly lower levels of albumin, cholinesterase, and prothrombin activity (p=0.036, p=0.015, p<0.001). Patients with decreased platelet have the higher incidence of death, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatorenal syndrome (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.027, p=0.014).
Conclusion: Hepatitis E patients with hematologic system damage are common. Patients with hepatitis Ehave lower levels of hemoglobin and platelets compared to patients with hepatitis A. The presence of anemia and low platelets in patients with hepatitis Eindicates a more severe condition.
The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and pancreatic diseases: a Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Zhu Mengjia , Zhang Dian , Chen Angli , Wang Xinjie , Hu Weiling
Published: January 2024

Object:
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori and pancreatic diseases remains a subject of controversy. Our study aims to investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and pancreatic cancer as well as pancreatitis.
Methods
In this study, we employed the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to assess the causal relationship between anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody levels and the occurrence of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis. The primary analytical approach was determined to be the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) analysis under a fixed-effects model. To ensure the reliability of our study findings, we conducted multiple sensitivity analyses.
Results
Our research reveals a significant correlation between elevated levels of anti-Helicobacter pylori outer membrane protein (OMP) and a reduced risk of alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis (ACP) (OR, 0.654; 95% CI, 0.508–0.841; p < 0.05). Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis indicates that C-reactive protein (CRP), as opposed to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), peptic ulcers, gastric ulcers, and duodenal ulcers, mediates the causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP). Furthermore, our study findings exhibit no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy.
Conclusion
The two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis reveals a causal relationship between anti-Helicobacter pylori OMP levels and ACP. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate and validate these findings.
A machine learning approach to prediction of HER2/PR/ER status in metastatic breast cancer to the brain from magnetic resonance imaging.
Authors: Sabal Luke T. , Venteicher Andrew S. , Taha Birra R.
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) are a clinical challenge, with 15–25% incidence among patients with metastatic breast cancer. Prediction of receptor status in BCBM is crucial for personalized treatment strategies. This study addresses the limitations of invasive biopsies and explores the use of machine learning techniques to predict BCBM receptor status based on primary breast cancer histology.
Methods
1135 lesions from 196 scans and 173 unique patients were analyzed. Genetic information was obtained using next-generation sequencing or immunohistochemistry. We employed machine learning algorithms to predict receptor status from radiomic features extracted from T1-weighted post-contrast MRI images.
Results
Random Forest classifier demonstrated superior performance in predicting HER2 and ER status. The 'Minimum' feature from radiomic analysis was the most significant in determining mutation status. Unsupervised analysis showed distinct clustering for certain genetic combinations.
Conclusion
Machine learning models, particularly the Random Forest classifier, can effectively predict HER2 and ER receptor status in BCBM from MRI radiomic features. This approach could offer a pathway toward personalized therapy and potentially improved patient outcomes. This study is limited by known receptor discordance between primary breast lesions and their associated brain metastases. Further validation across diverse populations and multicenter studies is necessary.
SGLT2i Impact on HCC Incidence in Patients with Fatty liver disease and Diabetes: A Nation-wide Cohort Study in South Korea
Authors: Cho Hyo Jung , Lee Eunyoung , Kim Soon Sun , Cheong Jae Youn
Published: January 2024

This study evaluated the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cancer development, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in individuals with concomitant fatty liver disease (FLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Using data from Korea's Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, we performed Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and T2DM (NAFLD-T2DM cohort) and those with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) alongside FLD and T2DM (FLD-T2DM-CVH cohort). In the propensity score (PS) matched NAFLD-T2DM cohort (N=107,972), SGLT2i use was not associated with the occurrence of overall cancer, including HCC. However, old age, male sex, liver cirrhosis, and hypothyroidism were identified as independent risk factors for HCC occurrence, whereas statin and fibrate usage were associated with reduced HCC risk in this cohort in multivariate Cox analysis. In the PS-matched FLD-T2DM-CVH cohort (N=2,798), a significant decrease in HCC occurrence was observed among SGLT2i users (P=0.03). This finding remained consistent in the multivariate Cox regression analysis (Hazard ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval =1.01-4.85, P=0.048). In conclusion, SGLT2i may be a beneficial option for diabetes management in patients with concomitant T2DM, FLD, and CVH while affirming the overall safety of SGLT2i in other types of cancer.
Evaluation of the suitability of Baishiling tourism resources development and its development model: An application of entropy weighting and cluster analysis
Authors: Maozheng Fu , Liying Feng , Zhenrong Luo
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the development suitability and development pattern of Baishi Ling resource tourism in Qionghai, Hainan. The research methodology includes the construction of a four-dimensional influence system model (traffic dominance, population and economy, tourism location, and resource endowment), the use of the entropy weight method to assess the suitability of the Baishiling resource tourism development, and the use of ArcGIS software to visualize the analysis results. The results of the study show that Baishi Ridge resources are distributed in bands, the suitability scores fluctuate widely, and high value areas are initially formed. In addition, the cluster analysis showed that the degree of traffic dominance and tourism location had a greater influence on the resource sites. Ultimately, this study proposes a "one belt, two cores and three zones" tourism development model for Baishi Ling resources, which provides useful guidance and reference for the development of tourism in the area.
A novel computer-assisted drill guide template for guided correction of genu varum
Authors: Zou Ming , He Youzhi , Shi Qiang
Published: January 2024

Background: 8-plate hemiepiphysiodesis is widely used for treatment of genu varum. This present study is aimed to retrospectively explore the feasibility and efficacy of a novel computer-assisted drill guide template for guided correction of genu varum in children.
Methods: Twenty-eight patients who underwent 8-plate hemiepiphysiodesis due to genu varum from June 2014 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital. All cases were treated with 8-plate hemiepiphysiodesis and ultra-low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans of knee joint before surgery. Novel 3D printed digital navigation templates were used in 14 cases, while traditional surgery was used in other 14 cases. The radiation exposure, surgical time, valgus correction degrees, and complications were compared between the two groups.
Results: All 3D printed digital navigation templates matched well with the anatomical markers of distal femur for preoperative planning and intraoperative procedures. Average operation times were 27.5 min (21.0-38.0 min) for the individualized navigation template group and 33.3 min (22-53 min) for the traditional operation group (p=0.0434). Average radiation exposure times were 4.8 times (3.0-8.0 times) for the individualized navigation template group and 7.5 times (5.0-9.0 times) for the traditional operation group (p<0.0001). Average rate of correction for mLDFA between individualized navigation template group and the traditional operation group were 11.0 ± 5.1 and 12.7 ± 4.8 (p=0.035). In the conventional group, the duration was 11.4±5.7 months while in navigation template group this period amounted to 11.0 ±6.1 months without a statistically significant difference (p=0.594).
Conclusions: The Novel 3D printed digital navigation template can simplify the surgical procedure, reduce the operating time, and achieve less radiation exposure for treatment of genu varum in children.
A retrospective study of pyogenic liver abscess concentrating on the relationship between strain and the location of the intrahepatic abscess
Authors: Li Xufeng , Sheng Jifang
Published: January 2024

Aims:
PLA (pyogenic liver abscess) has become a common disease, but the percentage of positive cultures of PLA is low. This study summarizes methods for empirically guiding the administration of PLA even without culture results.
Method:
The clinical data, clinical characteristics, drug resistance, and liver abscess culture results of 398 patients with PLA were recorded and analyzed retrospectively.
Results:
For the new findings, there was a significant correlation between KP (Klebsiella pneumoniae) and a high incidence of right lobe of PLA,(P<0.001); There was significant correlation between E.coli(Escherichia coli) and a high incidence of left lobe of PLA.༈P<0.001༉
Conclusions:
In patients with PLA whose abscess lesion was located in the right liver, KP was the first consideration, and a third-generation cephalosporin or third-generation cephalosporin/enzyme inhibitor was started. When the abscess is located in the left liver, the presence of E. coli should be considered, and treatment with third-generation cephalosporin/enzyme inhibitors or carbapenems should be started. When the abscess is located in the caudate liver, the pathogenic bacteria may be Streptococcus. Metronidazole and ampicillin are not recommended as first-line anti-infective agents for PLA.