bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PD‐1+CXCR5‐CD4+ T cells are correlated with the severity of lung adenocarcinoma malignant processes
Authors: Wang Jin , Tang Yawei , Wu Chunli , Li Weiping , Wang Bing , Jin Minli , Yin Chunlai , Li Xia
Published: November 2021

Peripheral helper T cells (Tph), characterized by PD‐1+CXCR5‐CD4+ phenotypes cells, played critical roles in inflamed tissues. Yet, to date, no researches were developed for lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) that was associated with worse outcome, advanced invasion and chronic inflammation in lung cancer cases. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the impact of Tph cell subsets on the disease progress in peripheral blood and tumour tissue of patients with LADC. The percentages of Tph cell subsets in peripheral blood and tumour tissues obtained from 35 LADC and 10 healthy controls were examined by flow cytometry. In addition, invasion and tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage were also determined by Spearman's correlation test to assess their association with Tph cell subset. Furthermore, the effects of tumour microenvironment on Tph were investigated. The present results revealed that the percentage of Tph cells significantly increased in PBMC compared with healthy controls. In addition, similar results were observed in tumour tissues of LADC patients when compared to tumour‐adjacent control tissue. In addition, Tph cells were highly activated, appearing as ICOS increased, and associated with LADC invasion, compared with healthy controls. Notably, tumour environment could prefer Tph cells to promote tumour malignancy. Tph cells were observed in PBMC and tumour tissues from patients with LADC and highly associated with LADC invasion. Altogether, the present study indicates that elevated Tph cells could primarily be used as a potential therapeutic target in LADC patients.
The impact of COVID‐19 and political identification on framing bias in an infectious disease experiment: The frame reigns supreme
Authors: Wolaver Amy M. , Doces John A.
Published: November 2021

Background

Behavioral responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic have become highly polarized, and public health initiatives often try to use different frames to influence behavior. If the polarization of behaviors is related to differences in responses to frames, then different health messages could be targeted to different groups to influence behavior.

Objective

To determine whether risk preferences and susceptibility to gain/loss frames have been affected by COVID‐19 and whether they differ along partisan lines.

Methods

Using repeated cross‐sectional data from a nationally representative dataset in the United States replicating the disease outbreak scenario collected before and after the onset of COVID‐19, we test whether responsiveness to the gain/loss frames has changed over time and whether the responsiveness varies by political affiliation.

Results

The experimental results show that the risk preferences of the U.S. population is very susceptible to the framing of
choices, consistent with the literature finding risk loving preferences under the loss frame and risk aversion under the gain frame. However, the experience of COVID‐19 does not appear to have changed the responsiveness, nor are there
significant differences between conservatives/Republicans and liberals/Democrats.

Conclusion

Targeting different partisan groups with different risk‐related message frames is unlikely to be effective at altering behaviors.
Rice RS2‐9, which is bound by transcription factor OSH1, blocks enhancer–promoter interactions in plants
Authors: Liu Huawei , Jiang Li , Wen Zhifeng , Yang Yingjun , Singer Stacy D. , Bennett Dennis , Xu Wenying , Su Zhen , Yu Zhifang , Cohn Jonathan , Chae Hyunsook , Que Qiudeng , Liu Yue , Liu Chang , Liu Zongrang
Published: November 2021

Insulators characterized in Drosophila and mammals have been shown to play a key role in the restriction of promiscuous enhancer–promoter interactions, as well as reshaping the topological landscape of chromosomes. Yet the role of insulators in plants remains poorly understood, in large part because of a lack of well‐characterized insulators and binding factor(s). In this study, we isolated a 1.2‐kb RS2‐9 insulator from the Oryza sativa (rice) genome that can, when interposed between an enhancer and promoter, efficiently block the activation function of both constitutive and floral organ‐specific enhancers in transgenic Arabidopsis and Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). In the rice genome, the genes flanking RS2‐9 exhibit an absence of mutual transcriptional interactions, as well as a lack of histone modification spread. We further determined that O. sativa Homeobox 1 (OSH1) bound two regions of RS2‐9, as well as over 50 000 additional sites in the rice genome, the majority of which resided in intergenic regions. Mutation of one of the two OSH1‐binding sites in RS2‐9 impaired insulation activity by up to 60%, whereas the mutation of both binding sites virtually abolished insulator function. We also demonstrated that OSH1 binding sites were associated with 72% of the boundaries of topologically associated domains (TADs) identified in the rice genome, which is comparable to the 77% of TAD boundaries bound by the insulator CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF) in mammals. Taken together, our findings indicate that OSH1‐RS2‐9 acts as a true insulator in plants, and highlight a potential role for OSH1 in gene insulation and topological organization in plant genomes.
Monetary policy regimes: A global assessment
Authors: Paranavithana Harsha , Tyers Rod , Magnusson Leandro , Schiffmann Florian
Published: November 2021

An eight‐region, stochastic, general equilibrium model that incorporates global money and financial markets is used, first, to identify the distributions of regional supply side shocks in 1954–2016 from real GDP data. Second, in Monte Carlo simulations, the model is subjected to random draws from these distributions in all regions simultaneously, under a range of combinations of monetary targets. These experiments begin with a comparison of the volatilities of output and welfare (defined as the purchasing power of disposable income at regional prices) under current de facto and de jure monetary targets. The results show that the de facto targets offer significant improvement. A further analysis of targeting games suggests that a Nash equilibrium on output risk is dominated by nominal GDP targeting, while the corresponding Nash equilibrium on welfare risk has predominant inflation targeting (IT). Notwithstanding IMF policy to convert developing country central banks to inflation targeting, a fallacy of composition is observed in the spread of IT internationally. This spread tends to raise the volatility of welfare in the established open economies.
Dexterity, Deliberateness, And Disposition: An Investigation of Instructional Strength for Early Literacy
Authors: Sirinides Philip , Gray Abigail
Published: November 2021

This mixed-methods study examines the relationship between an emergent conceptualization of teachers’ instructional strength and their students’ progress in early literacy. The conceptualization includes three components: a teacher’s deliberateness, their instructional dexterity, and a set of teacher dispositions that catalyse and maximize these attributes. Based on the results of qualitative inquiry, the authors developed a measure of individual teachers’ instructional strength according to this conceptualization. Regression analysis reveals that all three components are significant predictors of students’ growth in early literacy. The study includes 318 teachers and 1,181 students from 227 schools across the country.
NEETs and “Structured Social Interventions” in Rural Areas: The Case of Thessaly in Greece
Authors: Goulas Christos , Fotopoulos Nikos , Boukouvalas Kostas , Fatourou Polina
Published: November 2021

This article aims at approaching the phenomenon of Young people Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEETs) using the empirical data from an action against unemployment in the region of Thessaly in Greece. The main purpose of the study was to examine the attitudes and perceptions of NEETs on important issues related to employment, training, entrepreneurship, as well as their main decisions and perspectives regarding their future. This approach tries to shape a multidimensional proposal which is linked to the core peculiarities of the region of Thessaly by highlighting the transition from “specialized individual action plans” to “structured social interventions”. In conclusion, it attempts to promote a structured and applicable policy framework, shedding light on the dimensions of a crucial social issue such as NEETs promoting the drastic role of structured interventions on local and regional level.
Stability of the Interface Between Two Immiscible Liquids in a Model Eye Subject to Saccadic Motion
Authors: Wang Ru , Tsai Jheng-Han , Snead Martin P. , Alexander Philip , Wilson D. Ian
Published: November 2021

The interface between silicone oil and saline layers in a three-dimensional model of the eye chamber was studied under different eye-like saccadic motions in order to determine the stability of the interface and propensity for emulsification in the bulk. The effect of level of fill, saccade amplitude, angular velocity, latency time, and orientation were investigated experimentally in spherical flasks with internal diameters 10, 28, and 40 mm, as well as a 28 mm diameter flask with an indent replicating the lens or the presence of a buckle. The deformation of the interface was quantified in terms of the change in its length in two-dimensional images. The deformation increased with Weber number, We, and was roughly proportional to We for We > 1. The presence of the lens gave rise to higher deformation near this feature. In all cases emulsification was not observed in either bulk fluid. The velocity profile in the spherical configuration was mapped using particle imaging velocimetry and is compared with an analytical solution and a short computational fluid dynamics simulation study. These confirm that the saccadic motion induces flow near the wall in the saline layer and significantly further into the chamber in the silicone oil. Surfactants soluble in the aqueous and oil phases reduced the interfacial tension, increasing deformation but did not lead to emulsification in the bulk.
Evaluation of the Load Reduction Performance Via a Suspended Backpack With Adjustable Stiffness
Authors: Yang Zhenhua , Huang Ledeng , Zeng Ziniu , Wang Ruishi , Hu Ruizhe , Xie Longhan
Published: November 2021

Backpacks are essential for travel but carrying a load during a long journey can easily cause muscle fatigue and joint injuries. Previous studies have suggested that suspended backpacks can effectively reduce the energy cost while carrying loads. Researchers have found that adjusting the stiffness of a suspended backpack can optimize its performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a stiffness-adjustable suspended backpack; the system stiffness can be adjusted to suitable values at different speeds. The stiffness of the suspended backpack with a 5-kg load was designed to be 690 N/m for a speed of 4.5 km/h, and it was adjusted to 870 and 1050 N/m at speeds of 5.5 and 6.5 km/h, respectively. The goal of this study was to determine how carrying a stiffness-adjustable suspended backpack affected performance while carrying a load. Six healthy participants participated in experiments where they wore two backpacks under three conditions: the adjustable-stiffness suspended backpack condition (S_A), the unadjustable-stiffness suspended backpack condition (S_UA), and the ordinary backpack condition (ORB). Our results showed that the peak accelerations, muscle activities, and peak ground reaction forces in the S_A condition were reduced effectively by adjusting the stiffness to adapt to different walking speeds; this adjustment decreased the metabolic cost by 4.21 ± 1.21% and 2.68 ± 0.88% at 5.5 km/h and 4.27 ± 1.35% and 3.38 ± 1.31% at 6.5 km/h compared to the ORB and S_UA, respectively.
Magnetic Nanoparticle-Mediated Heating for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kwizera Elyahb Allie , Stewart Samantha , Mahmud Md Musavvir , He Xiaoming
Published: November 2021

Magnetic nanoparticles, especially superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), have attracted tremendous attention for various biomedical applications. Facile synthesis and functionalization together with easy control of the size and shape of SPIONs to customize their unique properties have made it possible to develop different types of SPIONs tailored for diverse functions/applications. More recently, considerable attention has been paid to the thermal effect of SPIONs for the treatment of diseases like cancer and for nanowarming of cryopreserved/banked cells, tissues, and organs. In this minireview, recent advances on the magnetic heating effect of SPIONs for magnetothermal therapy and enhancement of cryopreservation of cells, tissues, and organs are discussed, together with the nonmagnetic heating effect (i.e., high-intensity focused ultrasound or HIFU-activated heating) of SPIONs for cancer therapy. Furthermore, challenges facing the use of magnetic nanoparticles in these biomedical applications are presented.
Mechanical Behavior of Buried Pipeline Crossing Thaw Settlement Zone
Authors: Xie Rui , Zhang Jie
Published: November 2021

Thaw settlement is one of main reasons caused pipeline failure crossing cold region. The modeling method of mechanical response of pipeline crossing thaw settlement zone is proposed, the mechanical behavior of buried pipeline is investigated. Effects of pipeline and soil parameters on the buried pipeline were discussed. The results show that the high stress area and the maximum axial strain of the pipeline are at the edge of the thaw settlement zone. The upper surface of the pipeline is tensile strain while the lower surface is compressive strain. The maximum ovality of pipeline near the edge of thaw settlement zone tends to oval. The pipeline axial strain, ovality, and displacement decrease with the increasing of pipeline wall thickness while the change of high stress area is not obvious. The high stress area and ovality decrease with the increasing of pipeline diameter while the high stress area is expanded along the axial direction, but axial strain decreases slightly. The high stress area, axial strain, ovality, and displacement of pipeline decrease with the buried depth increases. With the internal pressure increases, the stress and axial strain of pipeline increase, but the ovality decreases. The soil's elasticity modulus has no obvious effect on pipelinès stress, axial strain, and displacement, but it can affect ovality slightly.
Task and Skill Level Constraints on the Generality of the Proximal–Distal Principle for Within-Limb Movement Coordination
Authors: Newell Karl M. , Irwin Gareth
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the influence of task and skill level constraints on the generality of proximal–distal control for within-limb movement coordination. Analysis and synthesis of the experimental findings leads to the proposition that proximal–distal is one of several within-limb patterns of coordination, including: the reverse distal–proximal sequence, simultaneous activation of segments, and other sequence variations of this. The probability of particular patterns occurring is induced by task constraints and skill level of the individual, together with their evolving biomechanical consequences, including: open/closed chain, absorption/propulsion of force, magnitude of momentum, and accuracy/timing. We develop the theoretical perspective that classes of task constraints induce particular types of neuromechanical organization to within-arm or within-leg segment coordination. In this task constraint framework, proximal–distal within-limb organization is aparticularrather than a general case for within-limb coordination. The limitations of anatomically-based accounts of directional change for within-limb organization are discussed with reference to a general functional degrees of freedom task constraint framework for movement coordination and control.
What Is the Level of Contextual Interference in Serial Practice? A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Lage Guilherme M. , Faria Larissa O. , Ambrósio Natália F.A. , Borges Athos M.P. , Apolinário-Souza Tércio
Published: November 2021

For over 40 years, the contextual interference effect in motor learning has been investigated. While the difference between levels of contextual interference experienced under blocked and random practice are well established, the difference in the levels of contextual interference experienced under serial and random practice is still ambiguous. Therefore, a meta-analytic review was conducted to clarify this inconsistency. We focused on one question: Do random practice and serial practice have the same effect on motor learning? ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus database were searched. Nine studies were included. The results of our meta-analyses show that serial and random practices present the same results in terms of performance in retention and transfer tests. This result is aligned to the original ﬁnding of the contextual interference effect, as well as its explanatory hypotheses. In addition, a complementary explanation in defense of the same mechanisms operating in serial and random practices is discussed. In conclusion, our results suggest that serial practice present high contextual interference.
Runner’s Health Choices Questionnaire: Male College Cross-Country Runners’ Perspectives on Health and Eating
Authors: Stickler Laurie , Hall Hayley , Hoogenboom Barb
Published: November 2021

Context:Competitive cross-country runners train at much higher loads and with greater demands than recreational runners, posing a unique set of physiological and psychological challenges. Thus, identification of factors influencing health and nutritional choices in male cross-country runners is needed to help combat energy-related health issues.Purpose:To assess male college cross-country runners’ perspectives regarding sport-related health and the factors impacting their eating behaviors.Design:Cross-sectional survey.Participants/Methods:The Runner’s Health Choices Questionnaire was distributed to male college cross-country runners. Responses were analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics.Results:One hundred nineteen runners completed the survey. Runners reported a diverse range of factors impacting eating and health behaviors fromathletic performance enhancementtoenjoyment of food.Less than 6% of athletes ranked athletic trainer, registered dietitian, or physician asoftenconsulted for nutrition/health information. However, 75% of runners said they would besomewhat likelyorvery likelyto make dietary or health changes if given new or additional information by a health care provider.Conclusion:Male cross-country runners appear to try to balance a global desire to be healthy with individual preferences. Athletes may be receptive to nutritional education that utilizes a biopsychosocial model with mental and psychological health support, and intentional effort is needed to support runners’ overall health.
Next-to-leading-order corrections to the Higgs strahlung process from electron–positron collisions in extended Higgs models
Authors: Aiko Masashi , Kanemura Shinya , Mawatari Kentarou
Published: November 2021

We present the cross section for $$e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow hZ$$

e
+

e
-

→
h
Z

with arbitrary sets of electron and Z boson polarizations at the full next-to-leading order in various extended Higgs models, such as the Higgs singlet model (HSM), the inert doublet model (IDM) and the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM). We systematically perform complete one-loop calculations to the helicity amplitudes in the on-shell renormalization scheme, and present the full analytic results as well as numerical evaluations. The deviation $$\Delta R^{hZ}$$

Δ

R

hZ

in the total cross section from its standard model (SM) prediction is comprehensively analyzed, and the differences among these models are discussed in details. We find that new physics effects appearing in the renormalized hZZ vertex almost govern the behavior of $$\Delta R^{hZ}$$

Δ

R

hZ

, and it takes a negative value in most cases. The possible size of $$\Delta R^{hZ}$$

Δ

R

hZ

reaches several percent under the theoretical and experimental bounds. We also analyze the deviation $$\Delta R^{hZ}_{XY}$$

Δ

R

XY

hZ

in the total cross section times decay branching ratios of the discovered Higgs boson by utilizing the program. It is found that the four types of 2HDMs can be discriminated by analyzing the correlation between $$\Delta R^{hZ}_{\tau \tau }$$

Δ

R

τ
τ

hZ

and $$\Delta R^{hZ}_{bb}$$

Δ

R

bb

hZ

and those between $$\Delta R^{hZ}_{\tau \tau }$$

Δ

R

τ
τ

hZ

and $$\Delta R^{hZ}_{cc}$$

Δ

R

cc

hZ

. Furthermore, the HSM and the IDM can be discriminated from the 2HDMs by measuring $$\Delta R^{hZ}_{WW}$$

Δ

R

WW

hZ

. These signatures can be tested by precision measurements at future Higgs factories such as the International Linear Collider.
$$A_0$$-condensation in quark-gluon plasma with finite baryon density
Authors: Bordag M. , Skalozub V.
Published: November 2021

In the present paper, we return to the problem of spontaneous generation of the$$A_0$$A0-background field in QCD at finite temperature and a quark chemical potential,$$\mu $$μ. On the lattice, this problem was studied by different approaches where an analytic continuation to the imaginary potential$$i \mu $$iμhas been used. Here we consider both, real and imaginary chemical potential, analytically within the two-loop gauge-fixing independent effective potential$$W_{eff.}$$Weff.. We realize the gauge independence in to ways: (1) on the base of Nielsen’s identity and (2) expressing the potential in terms of Polyakov’s loop. Firstly we reproduce the known expressions in terms of Bernoulli’s polynomials for the gluons and quarks. Then, we calculate the$$\mu $$μ-dependence, either for small$$\mu $$μas expansion or numerically for finite$$\mu $$μ, real and imaginary. One result is that the chemical potential only weakly changes the values of the condensate fields, but quite strongly deepens the minima of the effective potential. We investigate the dependence of Polyakov’s loop in the minimum of the effective potential, thermodynamic pressure and Debye’s mass on the chemical potential. Comparisons with other results are given.
On the inverse hoop conjecture of Hod
Authors: Nandi K. K. , Izmailov R. N. , Potapov A. A. , Migranov N. G.
Published: November 2021

Recently, Hod has shown that Thorne’s hoop conjecture ($$\frac{C(R)}{4\pi M(r\le R)} \le 1\Rightarrow $$

C
(
R
)

4
π
M
(
r
≤
R
)

≤
1
⇒

horizon) is violated by stationary black holes and so he proposed a new inverse hoop conjecture characterizing such black holes (that is, horizon $$\Rightarrow \mathcal {H =} \frac{\pi \mathcal {A} }{\mathcal {C}_{{eq} }^{2}} \le 1$$

⇒

H
=

π
A

C

eq

2

≤
1

). In this paper, it is exemplified that stationary hairy black holes, endowed with Lorentz symmetry violating Bumblebee vector field related to quantum gravity and dilaton field of string theory, also respect the inverse conjecture. It is shown that stationary hairy singularity, recently derived by Bogush and Galt’sov, does not respect the conjecture thereby protecting it. However, curiously, there are two horizonless stationary wormholes that can also respect the conjecture. Thus one may also state that throat $$\Rightarrow \mathcal {H \le }1$$

⇒

H
≤

1

, suggesting that the inverse conjecture may be a necessary but not sufficient proposition.
Influence of the hypermagnetic field noise on the baryon asymmetry generation in the symmetric phase of the early universe
Authors: Dvornikov Maxim , Semikoz Victor B.
Published: November 2021

We study a matter turbulence caused by strong random hypermagnetic fields (HMFs) that influence the baryon asymmetry evolution due to the Abelian anomalies in the symmetric phase in the early Universe. Such a matter turbulence is stipulated by the presence of the advection term in the induction equation for which a fluid velocity is dominated by the Lorentz force in the Navier–Stokes equation. For random HMFs, having nonzero mean squared strengths, we calculate the spectra for the HMF energy and the HMF helicity densities. The latter function governs the evolution of the fermion asymmetries in the symmetric phase before the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). In the simplest model based on the first SM generation for the lepton asymmetries of $$e_\mathrm {R,L}$$

e

R
,
L

and $$\nu _{e_\mathrm {L}}$$

ν

e
L

, we calculate a decline of all fermion asymmetries including the baryon asymmetry, given by the ‘t Hooft conservation law, when one accounts for a turbulence of HMFs during the universe cooling down to EWPT. We obtain that the stronger the mean squared strength of random initial HMFs is, the deeper the fermion asymmetries decrease, compared to the case in the absence of any turbulence.
Cosmological black holes are not described by the Thakurta metric: LIGO-Virgo bounds on PBHs remain unchanged
Authors: Hütsi Gert , Koivisto Tomi , Raidal Martti , Vaskonen Ville , Veermäe Hardi
Published: November 2021

We show that the physical conditions which induce the Thakurta metric, recently studied by Bœhm et al. in the context of time-dependent black hole masses, correspond to a single accreting compact object in the entire Universe filled with isotropic non-interacting dust. In such a case, accretion physics is not local but tied to the properties of the whole Universe. We show that radiation, primordial black holes or particle dark matter cannot produce the specific energy flux required for supporting the mass growth of the compact objects described by the Thakurta metric. In particular, this solution does not apply to black hole binaries. We conclude that compact dark matter candidates and their mass growth cannot be described by the Thakurta metric, and thus existing constraints on the primordial black hole abundance from the LIGO-Virgo and the CMB measurements remain valid.
Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture Vs. Hormone Therapy for Menopausal Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: He Qi-Da , Zhong Zheng-Hong , Liu Meng-Nan , Tong Zi-Yan , Wu Qi-Biao , Chen Min
Published: November 2021

Menopausal syndrome (MPS) is a common gynecological disorder around the time of menopause, and hormone therapy (HT) is the first-line treatment for it. However, HT is prone to cause adverse reactions in MPS patients treated with HT. Acupuncture is a popular non-pharmaceutical therapy for MPS, but the differences in the efficacy and safety between acupuncture and HT remain unclear. The purpose of this evidence-based study is to address this issue. Five databases were searched for potentially eligible RCTs. All RCTs comparing acupuncture with HT in the treatment of MPS were included in this study. The clinical effective rate was the primary outcome. Kupperman index, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E[Formula: see text], and side effects were the secondary outcomes. A total of 15 RCTs recruiting 1376 MPS patients were included. Results of meta-analysis showed that compared with HT, acupuncture significantly improved clinical effective rate (RR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.16, [Formula: see text] = 0.005), decreased the Kupperman index (WMD = −2.55, 95% CI = −2.93 to −2.17, [Formula: see text] < 0.00001) and the incidence of side effects (RR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.06–0.32, [Formula: see text] < 0.00001). There were no statistically significant differences in serum FSH (WMD = −1.36, 95% CI = −3.25–0.53, [Formula: see text] = 0.16), E2(WMD = −1.11, 95% CI = −2.59–0.37, [Formula: see text] = 0.14), or LH (WMD = −1.87, 95% CI = −4.58–0.83, [Formula: see text] = 0.17) between the acupuncture and HT groups. Based on the current evidence, manual acupuncture is safer and more effective than HT and is recommended for the treatment of MPS, but the evidence for the efficacy of other types of acupuncture is inconclusive.
Minimal bosonization of double-graded quantum mechanics
Authors: Quesne C.
Published: November 2021

The superalgebra of [Formula: see text]-graded supersymmetric quantum mechanics is shown to be realizable in terms of a single bosonic degree of freedom. Such an approach is directly inspired by a description of the corresponding [Formula: see text]-graded superalgebra in the framework of a Calogero–Vasiliev algebra or, more generally, of a generalized deformed oscillator algebra. In the case of the [Formula: see text]-graded superalgebra, the central element [Formula: see text] has the property of distinguishing between degenerate eigenstates of the Hamiltonian.
Circuit complexity in U(1) gauge theory
Authors: Moghimnejad Amir , Parvizi Shahrokh
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study circuit complexity for a free vector field of a [Formula: see text] gauge theory in Coulomb gauge, and Gaussian states. We introduce a quantum circuit model with Gaussian states, including reference and target states. Using Nielsen’s geometric approach, the complexity then can be found as the shortest geodesic in the space of states. This geodesic is based on the notion of geodesic distance on the Lie group of Bogoliubov transformations equipped with a right-invariant metric. We use the framework of the covariance matrix to compute circuit complexity between Gaussian states. We apply this framework to the free vector field in general dimensions where we compute the circuit complexity of the ground state of the Hamiltonian.
Substituent effect on iron phthalocyanines as cyclohexene oxidation catalysts
Authors: Yüceel Çiğdem , Şahin Zeynel , İşci Ümit
Published: November 2021

Two iron phthalocyanines peripherally octasubstituted either with electron-withdrawing isobutylsulfonyl moities or electron-donating isobutoxy moieties were designed to investigate the effect of the substitution pattern on their oxidation catalytic activity, and were then tested in oxidation of cyclohexene as a reaction model. For both catalysts, the main product of oxidation was 2-cyclohexen-1-ol which is an allylic oxidation product. The electron-withdrawing isobutylsulfonyl substituted iron phthalocyanine 1 exhibited better catalytic activities than the electron-donating isobutoxy substituted iron phthalocyanine 2.
THE DIVERGENCE OF ESG RATINGS: AN ANALYSIS OF ITALIAN LISTED COMPANIES
Authors: CAPIZZI VINCENZO , GIOIA ELEONORA , GIUDICI GIANCARLO , TENCA FRANCESCA
Published: November 2021

The increasing attention to sustainability issues in finance has brought a proliferation of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) metrics and rating providers that results in divergences among the ESG ratings. Based on a sample of Italian listed firms, this paper investigates these divergences through a framework that decomposes ESG ratings into a value and a weight component at the pillar (i.e. E, S, and G) and category (i.e. sub-pillar) levels. We find that weights divergence and social and governance indicators are the main drivers of rating divergences. The research contributes to develop a new tool for analyzing ESG divergences and provides a number of recommendations for researchers and practitioners, stressing the need to understand what is really measured by the ESG rating agencies and the need for standardization and transparency of ESG measurement to favor a more homogeneous set of indicators.
A System for Resilience Learning: Developing a Community-Driven, Multi-Sector Research Approach for Greater Preparedness and Resilience to Long-Term Climate Stressors and Extreme Events in the Miami Metropolitan Region
Authors: Troxler Tiffany G. , Clement Amy C. , Arditi-Rocha Yoca , Beesing Gretchen , Bhat Mahadev , Bolson Jessica , Cabán-Alemán Carissa , Castillo Karina , Collins Olivia , Cruz Mayra , Dodd Alan , Evans Scotney D. , Fleming Abigail L. , Genatios Carlos , Gilbert Jane , Hernandez Alyssa , Holder Cheryl , Ilcheva Maria , Kelly Elizabeth , Leon Arturo , Lombard Joanna , Mach Katharine J. , Moanga Diana , Murley James F. , Knowles Amy , Obeysekera Jayantha , Parra Loren , Posner Jennifer , Sarwat Arif , Silverstein Rachel , Stuart John A. , Sukop Michael C. , Wdowinski Shimon , Wheaton Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

There is a growing need for integrated approaches that align community priorities with strategies that build resilience to climate hazards, societal shocks, and economic crises to ensure more equitable and sustainable outcomes. We anticipate that adaptive management and resilience learning are central elements for these approaches. In this paper, we describe an approach to build and test a Resilience Learning System to support research and implementation of a resilience strategy developed for the Greater Miami and the Beaches or the Resilient305 Strategy. Elements foundational to the design of this integrated research strategy and replicable Resilience Learning System are: (1) strong partnerships among community members, government and non-government organization leaders, and researchers from multiple academic institutions; (2) contributions of subject matter expertise and local knowledge to identify information and translational gaps, formulate metrics and evaluate outcomes of Resilient305 Strategy actions from the community perspective; and (3) a comprehensive understanding of civic engagement activities, technological tools, and resilience-building capacities, including policy and financial innovations, from which to advance socio-technological, smart and connected regional-to-hyperlocal community translation through co-design/co-production. Initial results on co-produced metrics are provided. This work produces a new, replicable framework for resilience research that includes a comprehensive set of metrics, translation to communities through structured dialogues, a collaborative process involving all stakeholders and researchers, and evaluation of resilience actions to inform new investments and improve understanding and effectiveness over time.
An Automatic Assessment Method for Spoken English Based on Multimodal Feature Fusion
Authors: Zhang Qijing
Published: November 2021

This paper provides a comprehensive explanation of the theoretical foundations of multimodal discourse analysis theory as applied to speaking instructional design. The specific application of multimodal theory in the teaching of elementary English speaking classrooms is explored through the teaching design of elementary English speaking classrooms, the teaching implementation of multimodal teaching design is carried out, and the effect of the teaching practice of elementary English speaking guided by multimodal discourse analysis theory is comprehensively evaluated through classroom observation method, questionnaire survey method, and interview method, combined with the teaching evaluation and teaching implementation effect, which is the multimodal teaching design. The paper also summarizes the findings and shortcomings of the study. Through the teaching design and implementation, the advantages of multimodal teaching are obvious; it can combine with modern advanced teaching techniques to create more realistic communicative situations in the classroom, gather and present various modal resources and information, and ensure rich and diverse language input; students can receive various sensory stimuli in the classroom, deepen their memory and experience of language, increase the interest of classroom teaching, and improve students’ participation. It also increases the interest of the classroom and enhances students’ participation and motivation. Based on multimodal theory, the author designed a multimodal teaching framework for a semester‐long speaking course in the speaking classroom for reference. The fuzzy measures were constructed based on subsets of language segments containing 10 phonemes belonging to the same HDP set. Finally, linguistic scores are given by the Surgeon integral model based on the plausibility of the system and the fuzzy measures. The experimental results based on Sphinx‐4 show that the evaluation model yields plausible and stable evaluation results for the 3 test sets at an average correct recognition rate of 84.7% of phonemes.
Stochastic Analysis on the Resonance of Railway Trains Moving over a Series of Simply Supported Bridges
Authors: Zhang Tao , Jin Taimu , Luo Jun , Zhu Shengyang , Wang Kaiyun
Published: November 2021

Resonance problems encountered in vehicle‐bridge interaction (VBI) have attracted widespread concern over the past decades. Due to system random characteristics, the prediction of resonant speeds and responses will become more complicated. To this end, this study presents stochastic analysis on the resonance of railway trains moving over a series of simply supported bridges with consideration of the randomness of system parameters. A train‐slab track‐bridge (TSB) vertically coupled dynamics model is established following the basic principle of vehicle‐track‐coupled dynamics. The railway train is composed of multiple vehicles, and each of them is built by seven rigid parts assigned with a total of 10 degrees of freedom. The rail, track slab, and bridge are considered as Euler–Bernoulli beams, and the vibration equations of which are established by the modal superposition method (MSM). Except for the nonlinear wheel‐rail interaction based on the Hertz contact theory, the other coupling relations between each subsystem are assumed to be linear elastic. The number theory method is employed to obtain the representative sample point sets of the random parameters, and the flow trajectories of probabilities for the TSB dynamics system are captured by a probability density evolution method (PDEM). Numerical results indicate that the maximum bridge and vehicle responses are mainly dominated by the primary train‐induced resonant speed; the last vehicle of a train will be more seriously excited when the bridges are set in resonance by the train; the resonant speeds and responses are rather sensitive to the system randomness, and the possible maximum amplitudes predicted by the PDEM are significantly underestimated by the traditional deterministic method; optimized parameters of the TSB system are preliminary obtained based on the representative point sets and imposed screening conditions.
Study on the Fractal Characteristics of the Pomegranate Biotite Schist under Impact Loading
Authors: Wang Jianguo , Zuo Ting , Li Xianglong , Tao Zihao , Ma Jun
Published: November 2021

In order to study the fractal characteristics of the pomegranate biotite schist under the effect of blasting loads, a one-dimensional SHPB impact test was carried out to test the dynamic compressive strength, damage morphology, fracture energy dissipation density, and other parameters of the rocks under different strain rates; besides, sieve tests were conducted to count the mass fractal characteristics of the crushed masses under different strain rates to calculate the fractal dimension of the crushed rock

D

. Finally, the relationships between fractal dimension and dynamic compressive strength, crushing characteristics, and energy dissipation characteristics were analysed. The results show that under different impact loads, the strain rate effect of the rock is significant and the dynamic compressive strength increases with the increasing strain rate, and they show a multiplicative power relationship. The higher the strain rate of the rock, the deeper the fragmentation and the higher the fractal dimension, and the fractal dimension and rock crushing energy density are multiplied by a power relationship. By performing the comparative analysis of the pomegranate biotite schist, a reasonable strain rate range of 78.75 s-1~82.51 s-1 and a reasonable crushing energy consumption density range of 0.78 J·cm-3~0.92 J·cm-3 were determined. This research provides a great reference for the analysis of dynamic crushing mechanism, crushing block size distribution, and crushing energy consumption of the roadway surrounding rock.
Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-Making Analysis of Agricultural Product Logistics in Agricultural Economic Management
Authors: Tang Meizhi , Wang Zhongzheng
Published: November 2021

The purpose is to establish a logistics supplier evaluation and selection model for green supply chain, which can effectively take into account the environmental problems, while the enterprise economy is developing. The logistics supplier evaluation index system is established under the background of green logistics based on fuzzy theory and multicriteria decision-making theory. The green competitiveness index is innovatively introduced into the system. Moreover, a fuzzy hybrid multicriteria decision-making method model is established based on the deficiency of the current supplier evaluation and selection methods, so as to select logistics suppliers; finally, the established logistics supplier evaluation and selection method is applied to real enterprises for example verification. The results are as follows. The direct relationship matrix is obtained according to the opinions of the expert group, and the relationship matrix is defuzzified and standardized to obtain the clear value of the secondary index. Finally, the fit between the evaluation results of the five logistics companies and the positive and negative ideal values is calculated. According to the principle of maximum fit, the evaluation priority of the five companies is 4 > 3 > 2 > 5 > 1. Thereby, taking the fuzzy multicriteria decision-making analysis method as the evaluation model has high reference value for the evaluation of green logistics companies, solves the problem of how production and sales enterprises choose green logistics suppliers, fully meets the needs of enterprises and governments that focus on the green degree of suppliers in the supply chain, and can effectively promote the efficient operation of green supply chain management.
[Retracted] Age Label Distribution Learning Based on Unsupervised Comparisons of Faces
Authors: Li Qiyuan , Deng Zongyong , Xu Weichang , Li Zhendong , Liu Hao
Published: November 2021

Although label distribution learning has made significant progress in the field of face age estimation, unsupervised learning has not been widely adopted and is still an important and challenging task. In this work, we propose an unsupervised contrastive label distribution learning method (UCLD) for facial age estimation. This method is helpful to extract semantic and meaningful information of raw faces with preserving high‐order correlation between adjacent ages. Similar to the processing method of wireless sensor network, we designed the ConAge network with the contrast learning method. As a result, our model maximizes the similarity of positive samples by data enhancement and simultaneously pushes the clusters of negative samples apart. Compared to state‐of‐the‐art methods, we achieve compelling results on the widely used benchmark, i.e., MORPH.
Reliability Analysis of Intelligent Electric Energy Meter under Fusion Model Illness Analysis Algorithm
Authors: Xie Wenwang , Zhang Leping , Zhang Bensong , Zhang Wei , Wang Pingping , Qiao Shuya
Published: November 2021

This work is aimed at solving the morbidity problem of the smart meter fusion model and improve the measurement accuracy and reliability of the smart meter. Starting with the topology of the smart meter, the reason for the serious morbidity of the smart meter model is discussed. First, the basic process of power system state estimation of smart meters is introduced, and the concept of error analysis of smart meters is clarified. Then, the causes and mechanisms of the ill‐conditioned problems of the smart meter model are analyzed, and methods to reduce the morbidity of the smart meter calculation model are analyzed. Finally, a data optimization algorithm based on a greedy strategy and an improved Tikhonov regularization method is proposed. The model data is processed and optimized to reduce the morbidity of the smart meter measurement model. The results show that the analysis algorithm for reducing the morbidity error of the smart meter proposed in this study can effectively interfere with the morbidity of the smart meter calculation model. The processing effect shows that it can reduce the measurement error of the smart meter to about 5%, which is an order of magnitude lower than the error before processing, and the processing effect of the least square method is improved by more than 70%. From the perspective of processing speed, when the user number is between 50 and 100, the running time of the algorithm ranges between 1.5 and 3.5 s, which can be fully adapted to the actual situation and has strong practicability. In short, this study is helpful in improving the accuracy and reliability of smart meter calculations and provides a certain reference for related research.
Online English Teaching Based on Artificial Intelligence Internet Technology Embedded System
Authors: Ban Haidong , Ning Jing
Published: November 2021

With education and teaching reform, Internet teaching is increasing. The introduction analysis of short text messages generated by e-learning can optimise class, improving innovation capacity and cooperation. To study the way of instructional design under artificial intelligence, the current status of the development of instructional has to be mentioned. In order to study the impact of online teaching on the improvement of computer thinking and skills in higher vocational education, this article is based on online English teaching embedded in the Internet and on virtual simulation technology, to enable primary school students to cultivate computer education thinking from an early age. The personalities can be fully represented and developed.
Effect of T-stress on Fracture of a Long Cracked Plate in Unsteady Heat Transfer
Authors: Zhou Shaoqing , Li Limin
Published: November 2021

In order to accurately predict the structure fracture caused by thermal load, a modified maximum tensile stress (MTS) criterion combined with T-stress is proposed. The modified MTS uses a two-parameter model (stress intensity factor K and T-stress) to describe the fracture behavior under thermal load. The T-stress and stress intensity factor at the crack tip are solved by using J-integral in the theoretical calculation of a cracked strip with temperature difference. The results show that T-stress can affect the fracture toughness and the stress at the crack tip of the cracked strip with temperature difference. This provides a basis for the simulation of structural fracture under thermal load.
Investigation of the Possible Correlation between Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Egyptian Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: AwadAllah Elgnainy Afnan , Hamed Mohammad Ismail , Osman Mohamed Wael , Sabri Nagwa Ali
Published: November 2021

Objectives. To study the diabetes-Parkinson's disease (PD) linkage. Methods. The investigators recorded the rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) score for 60 diabetic patients: 30 patients were treated with metformin-inclusive sulfonylurea and 30 patients were treated with sulphonylurea(s) monotherapy and matched with 30 controls. We evaluated blood glucose kinetics during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test for (22) nondiabetic parkinsonian patients and (10) controls. The motor complications scores were recorded for all parkinsonian patients using the relevant parts of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part IV. Results. Diabetics recorded higher scores of RBDSQ than controls (p<0.001), with no differences related to antidiabetic therapy. In nondiabetic PD patients, after oral glucose, blood glucose was significantly higher at T1 (p<0.001) than controls. Moreover, the total area under the time curve for blood glucose levels was significantly higher in PD compared to controls (281.22 ± 52.25 vs. 245.65 ± 48.63 mg.hr./dL;p=0.013). Higher blood glucose levels were associated with motor abnormalities. Diabetic PD patients recorded higher scores of UPDRS (p<0.001). Conclusion. Diabetes mellitus and Parkinson’s disease are linked, which raises concerns about either of them, probably increasing the risk of the other. This trial is registered with NCT03685357.