bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Parameters of Cracked Rotor System on its Vibration Characteristics in Viscous Medium at Finite Region
Authors: Yadao Adik Ramdayal , Singh Ravi P. , Parhi D.R.
Published: July 2014

The paper summarizes a complete analysis about vibrational characteristics of a spinning simply supported cracked shaft with fluid medium at finite region. The damping effect occurs due to external fluid is integrated in the existing analysis, with the help of navier - stokes equation. The simply supported cracked shaft is analyzed by the influence coefficient strain energy method. Here we have changing the parameter of shaft i.e. damping viscosity of fluid and the length of the shaft which accountable for the alteration of the amplitude of vibration.
Linear Buckling and Vibration Behavior of Piezoelectric/Piezomagnetic Beam under Uniform Magnetic Field
Authors: A Kumaravel , Jones Praveen J. , Sethuraman Raju , Arockiarajan A.
Published: July 2014

The constitutive equations of MEE materials are used to derive the finite element equations involving the coupling between mechanical, electrical and magnetic fields. The candidate materials for this study are piezoelectric (BaTiO3) and magnetostrictive (CoFe2O4) material. The linear buckling and vibration behavior of layered MEE beam under uniform magnetic field is carried out using finite element method. The present study is limited to clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The influence of stacking sequences and piezoelectric coupling on critical buckling magnetic field and vibration behaviour is investigated.
Performance Comparison among Vibration Based Indicators in Damage Identification of Structures
Authors: Nanda Bharadwaj , Majumdar Aditi , Maity Damodar , Maiti Dipak K.
Published: July 2014

A simple and robust methodology is presented to identify damages in a structure using changes in vibration data. A comparison is made among damage indicators such as natural frequencies, mode shape data, curvature damage factors and flexibility matrices to study their efficacy in damage assessment. Continuous ant colony optimization (ACOR) technique is used to solve the inverse problem related to damage identification. The outcome of the simulated results demonstrates that the flexibility matrix as a damage indicator provides better damage identification.
SPSS: A Data Mining Tool for Analyzing the Results of Flow Induced Vibration Excitation in an Elastically Mounted Circular Cylinder at Different Interference Conditions
Authors: Kumara K. Karthik Selva , Aruna Devi K. , Kumaraswamidhas L.A.
Published: July 2014

s: In this article, results of an analysis is investigated by using a data mining tool called ‘SPSS’, to identify the flow characteristics and response of an elastically mounted circular cylinder at different interference conditions. Numerical investigation is performed on a range of longitudinal gap ratios (2.0 ≤ L/D ≤ 4) and transverse gap ratios (2.0 ≤ T/D ≤ 4) between the cylinders arranged in tandem and staggered configuration. The effects of the interference cylinders were analyzed at specific relative positions were observed and it has been identified that the parameters, reduced velocity (U/fD) and relative positions were significantly influences the flow induced vibration excitation. Hence, in this article, an accent is laid on the efficient of ‘SPSS Tool’ for analyzing the results of flow induced vibration excitation in an elastically mounted circular cylinder at different interference conditions. From the results, it is observed that, reduced velocity must be lesser than the threshold value and also the observed that the relative positions (spacing ratios) is playing a significant role when compared to the reduced velocity. Further, the results shows that, at the fluid flow characteristics of elastically mounted circular cylinder in staggered arrangement with two interfering cylinders in upstream conditions the oscillatory amplitude ratio (A/D=0.250) is found to be minimum.
Vibration Analysis of a Timoshenko Beam with Transverse Open Crack by Finite Element Method
Authors: Biswal Alok Ranjan , Behera Rabindra Kumar , Roy Tarapada
Published: July 2014

The design of structures and machineries in present days are based on optimizing of multi-objectives such as maximum strength, maximum life, minimum weight and minimum cost. Due to this flexiblity they allow having a very high level of stresses. This leads to development of cracks in their elements. Due to long-term service many engineering structures may have structural defects such as cracks. So it is very much essential to know the property of structures and response of such structures in various cases. In this article the natural frequencies and mode shapes of an uncracked and cracked cantilever Timoshenko beam is studied by using finite element method (FEM) and MATLAB programme. The effect of crack on the natural frequencies of the uncracked and cracked Timoshenko beam is studied.
Neural Network Based Hybrid Adaptive Controller for an Autonomously Driving Car Using Thin Plate Spline Radial Basis Activation Function
Authors: Suresh P. , Manivannan P.V.
Published: July 2014

– This paper presents a hybrid lateral and longitudinal controller for a self-driving passenger car. The controller comprises a Proportional Derivative (PD) controller as a closed loop controller and Neural Network (NN) based adaptive compensator as a feed forward controller. The activation function of the NN adaptive stage is based on a poly-harmonic Thin Plate Spline (TPS) Radial Basis Function (RBF), which promises better accuracy, smoother interpolation and closed form solutions. The controller development and testing has been performed using a non-linear vehicle dynamics model, which has been developed using the Matlab / Simulink tool. The Controller performance in terms of vehicle lane following (lateral deviation control) and safe cruising control (longitudinal spacing error control) have been verified through simulations. Reductions of lateral deviation error by 15% and longitudinal spacing error by 7% have been achieved.
Velocity Estimation of Embedded Mobile Robot in Structured Man-Made Environments
Authors: Elayaraja D. , Ramesh R. , S Ramabalan
Published: July 2014

It is proposed to determine the velocity of the embedded mobile robot in a real world test environment .The test environment considered in this work is the man-made road surfaces like cement road surface, sand road surface, Bituminous Thar road surface, Grass road surface and loose gravel road surfaces etc. First, fuzzy logic control of velocity estimation a mobile robot is done using Matlab for the different surfaces. Then the real time tests on the different surfaces were carried out. The simulated values are compared with the test values. The comparison showed that the simulation values were close to the real time test values.
Design and Development of XY Micro-Positioning Stage Using Modified Topology Optimization Technique
Authors: Ramesh T. , Bharanidaran Ramalingam , Gopal V.
Published: July 2014

XY positioning stages are fundamental components during precision manipulation of micro sized objects. A compliant mechanism based mechanism is the appropriate choice for the design of XY stage. Topology optimization techniques are utilized to design the compliant mechanism. During the process of topology optimization, senseless regions are appearing from the manufacturability perspective. Senseless regions are staircase boundaries and node to node connectivity which is impossible to manufacture. Interpolation function is included in the topology optimization to minimize the effect of senseless regions. However topologically developed design is post processed to attain the manufacturability. Structural performance of the post processed final design is validated through Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimental technique.
Some Analysis of Automated Guided Vehicle
Authors: Pradhan S.K. , Kumar Amit , Sinha A.N.
Published: July 2014

AGV is mostly used in industrial application to move material around manufacturing facility. Here assembling of AGV is done by using components like chassis, wheels, wiper motors, gear motor, LED sensors, tactile sensor, actuators etc. AGV is designed with the help of electrical design of sensors which are used to control AGV during operation when it is moved on guided path. AGV design was modelled and simulated using catiaV5 software .Design was modelled and drawing preparation was done using catiaV5.Static analysis was done for stress using catiaV5 .Here principal stresses at different point were obtained having different deflection .Graphs are plotted for principal stress verses deflection and Navigation performance of AGV uses electric motor .Thus AGV is used to pick up the object with proper gripping system. A navigation system has been developed using sensors. AGV contains software and hardware components and is primarily used for material handling in industries. Static analysis was done for stress using catiaV5. Graphs are plotted for principal stress vs. deflection. The same analysis can be done for different material depending on loading condition. Stress analysis concept can be used to study dynamic analysis. Optimization of AGV can be possible by using different material. To evaluate the performance simulations were conducted using catiaV5 maintaining a constant setup inputs all over.
IndexTerms:Catia,navigation,optimization
Study on Hybridization of Hydraulic System Used in Heavy Machinery
Authors: Das Jayanta , Mishra Santosh Kumar , Kumar Ajit , Kumar Niranjan , Sujit Kumar , Paswan Ramashankar
Published: July 2014

Nowadays with the high fuel costs, the stress for energy saving and green emission of construction machineries, while not sacrifice of the operating performance, safety and dependableness, particularly for hydraulic excavators (HYEXs), are extremely exaggerated. As a result, electro-hydraulic actuators (EHA), that is promoted and with success applied to industry, is recently introduced to HYEXs. The aim of this paper is to propose a new style of excavator - electrical excavator (ELEX) - with energy saving capability using the EHAs. Each of the hybrid actuators is driven by an electrical motor/generator for retrieving a potential energy or a kinetic energy at the time of lowering or slewing stoppage of the excavator. An excavator having a hybrid boom system (HBS) is analyzed. Finally, operating efficiency and energy consumption of the projected excavator area unit are clearly studied.
Keywords: Hydraulic excavator; electric excavator; electro-hydraulic actuator; control
Computer Aided Design and Realization of a Snake Robot with Two Sets of Three Revolute Joint Mechanism
Authors: Rajashekhar V.S. , Thiruppathi K. , Senthil R.
Published: July 2014

Snake robots have high degrees of freedom and can move on any kind of environment by suitably adjusting itself. In order to serve this purpose, a snake robot with two sets of three revolute joint mechanism was developed to exhibit concertina motion. There are rotating disks at the end of the segments which enables side winding motion. By the combination of these two motions, the snake robot can traverse on flat surfaces and even on slopes. The snake robot was first drafted and then modeled. Then the mechanism was simulated and stress analysis was done for it. Finally the design was implemented and the snake robot was made in reality.
Design and Analysis of Asymmetrical Spur Gear Drive for Automobile Gear Box Application
Authors: Thirumurgan Rama , Charles Clement Christy Deepak
Published: July 2014

This work mainly aims to explore the actual load, fillet and contact stresses induced during a mesh cycle in a spur gear tooth. As the mesh stiffness differs at different contact points along the path of contact, it significantly affects the load sharing between the simultaneously meshed contact pairs hence stresses. Comparative study has been made between existing symmetric spur gear pair used in light motor vehicle gear box and asymmetric spur gear. Finite element multi pair contact model has been used to explore the load sharing behavior and related stresses in this work.
Effect of Process Parameters on Quality of Micro Holes Machined on Copper Plate Using Developed μ-EDM Setup
Authors: Raju Leera , Sanghvi V. Sakthi , Somashekhar S. Hiremath , Singaperumal M.
Published: July 2014

Micro EDM is a nonconventional machining method which has gained researcher’s attention during the past decade. After the success in industrial applications of EDM, focus has been to scale down the entire system to a smaller size. The capability of the process to machine extremely hard and difficult to machine materials has made it a suitable candidate for machining the next generation engineering materials. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop μEDM setup with piezo actuated tool feed mechanism. The holes are machined on copper plates of thickness 300μm with varying process parameters like voltage, frequency and duty cycle. The design of experiment method has been used to carry out the experiments in a systematic manner. The quality of holes produced is studied using optical microscope and SEM images. The results obtained are presented in this paper.
Kineto Static Design and Stiffness Analysis of a New Kind of 3-RRR Planar Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Ganesh M. , Karthikeyan R. , Dash Anjan Kumar , Vikramadityan M. , Gopalachary R.
Published: July 2014

This paper presents a new design of a 3-RRR planar manipulator with non-planar legs. In contrast to the conventional 3-RRR planar parallel mechanism, the links are not planar. They are elevated above the X-Y plane and non planar legs are constructed. The kinematics of this model is realized on a common projected plane and traced back to its elevated position. The moment of inertia for the inclined links is computed. A stiffness model is established for the proposed design of 3-RRR manipulator and compared with a conventional 3-RRR planar manipulator. The analysis shows how the proposed design has better stiffness along all the three directions of motion.
Vision Based Pick and Place Robot for Sorting Objects Using MATLAB
Authors: Tarwadi Parag J. , Arockia Doss Arockia Selvakumar
Published: July 2014

In recent years, vision system in robotics have a major impact on research field and industry. Many industrial applications have a huge requirement of sorting out the things as per different color or label. This paper deals with an automated material handling system, which synchronizes the movement of robotic arm to pick a single object from the maximum numbers. This paper aims to sort out different kind of objects by their color occupied pin code and place them to its respective pre-programmed place.
Wave Disk Engine and its Feasibility Study through Numerical Simulation
Authors: Ansari Osama , Alam Mahmood
Published: July 2014

A Wave disk Engine is Piston less engine and a non steady flow device that uses shock waves to pressurize fluids by transferring energy from a high pressure flow to a low pressure flow in a series of channels. Much like wave rotors it runs on Humphrey cycle. Engineers have estimated that this technology can increase thermal efficiency up to 60%.Other advantages include considerable weight savings due to its compact and simple design with fewer components resulting in lower manufacturing costs. The engine is currently in research phase.The objective of this paper is to provide a brief but comprehensive knowledge of this technology and to study few of its numerical simulations/modelling.
Biogas Power System: A Step towards Utilization of Clean Renewable Energy Resource for Providing Optimum Energy Needs of Rural Areas in India
Authors: Dewangan Disha , Sinha Shobha Lata , Ekka Jasinta Poonam
Published: July 2014

The depletion of fossil fuel resources on a worldwide basis has necessitated an urgent search for alternative sources like biomass to meet our present demands. The present work deals with a Bio-gas power system for the generation of power in rural areas. A Bio-gas operated power plant is designed by calculating the electrical load requirement of the township. Bio-gas system serves dual purpose i.e for cooking and also for electricity. The economic analysis, payback period and Break-even point have been analyzed for the whole system. In addition carbon credit analysis has been done for the system. In the present scenario, Biogas system has been designed to increase the system efficiency and the use of renewable energy with very less operating cost and pollution free atmosphere. Keywords:Biogas,economicanalysis,paybackperiod,break-even point,carboncredit.
Experimental Analysis of a Solar Desalination Prototype
Authors: Pratap Singh Ajeet , Shaija A.
Published: July 2014

. This paper presents the experimental investigation of a solar desalination prototype using the humidification dehumidification principle at the weather conditions of Calicut City. The prototype is designed and fabricated at the National Institute of Technology, Calicut to conduct the experimental investigation of the dynamic behaviour of the solar desalination unit during summer season (November, December & January) and during a typical day in December was carried out to study the temporal evolutions of the temperature of air and water and the relative humidity at the inlet and the outlet of each component of the system. The results showed excellent behavior of series of parabolic reflectors over flat plate solar collector and enhanced productivity, thermally efficient and simultaneously reaches a maximum temperature of more than 75°C in a short time. The running cost of the system is low as it consumes very small power to run a small air blower and a water pump reducing the final cost per liter of fresh water.
Experimental Investigation of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector with Annular Heat Exchanger
Authors: Gowda Narasimhe , Gowda B. Putta Bore , Chandrashekar R. , Ugrasen G. , Keshavamurthy R.
Published: July 2014

Now-a-days evacuated tubes solar water heaters are increasingly use in South India because of good thermal efficiency and high water temperature could be achievable as compared to flat plate solar collectors. Low manufacturing and maintenance cost also attract people to go for evacuated tube solar water heaters. This paper reports experimental results of two types of evacuated tube solar water heaters. To evaluate the performance of evacuated tube solar water heater, single-phase forced system and two-phase closed forced systems were considered. In two-phase closed system sunflower oil was used as working fluid to heat water. Throughout the study two-phase closed system shows better performance compared to single-phase open collector system and their efficiency almost 10 to 12% higher. But, because of high initial cost of two-phase system, the pay back periods of both collector systems is almost same. In two phased closed system higher temperature of water could be achieved, which is very useful to operate advanced system.
Modeling and Simulation of Buck Converter for Charging Battery by Solar Photovoltaic System
Authors: Maheswari Lakshmanan , Sornavadivu R. , S Vijayalakshmi
Published: July 2014

Fossil fuels reserves are decreasing in a rapid pace due to more power consumption. Advancement of technology, usage of electrical equipments and increase in population are the main reasons for energy consumption. In order to meet the energy demand and to sustain the environment depending on non-conventional sources of energy is inevitable. Solar energy is the clean energy source which is naturally available in abundant and does not contribute to green house gases. The energy from the sun is directly converted into the electricity by using photovoltaic (PV) cells without using any intermediate steps. Solar charge controller is connected to the PV system for regulating the voltage and current coming from PV panel and to prevent overcharging of battery thereby increasing the life of battery. PID controller is used to obtain the desired voltage and for constant recharging of lead-acid battery. This paper addresses the modeling and simulation of Photovoltaic system under Maximum power Point Tracking (MPPT) condition and design of Buck converter with PID controller for constant charging of battery.
Analysis of CPV System Vis-à-Vis SPV System for an Educational Institution In India
Authors: Ramsankar V. , Vipin V. , Smrithi Ajit
Published: July 2014

This paper presents the undertaken attempt to perform techno –economic analysis of water cooled concentrating photo voltaic (CPV) system vis-à-vis solar photovoltaic (SPV) for an educational institution (BITS Pilani Hyderabad). With the help of preliminary and final energy auditing, the energy requirements for the 2800 hostel rooms of the campus were computed. Required PV & CPV systems’ techno-economic analyses to meet the energy loads were performed and a comparison was made to arrive at the possibility of using CPV systems. Area required for installing both the system was also performed.
Estimation of Higher Heating Value of Waste Frying Oil from its Chemical Properties
Authors: Jayaraman Pavalavana Pandian , Natarajan Sendhil Kumar , Pugazhvadivu M.
Published: July 2014

Vegetable oils are considered as substitute for energy production. In this paper, a correlation was developed based on iodine and saponification values of the waste frying oil to estimate its higher heating value. Five samples of waste frying oil were collected, its iodine value and saponification value were measured and the heating values were measured. A correlation by linear regression method was developed and compared with the heating value obtained experimentally. A Comparison was made with other correlations available in the literature. The comparison of higher heating value obtained from new correlation and experiments gave a R2 value of 0.97, error of standard deviation is 0.06 and an average error of 1.86%.
Optimization of Building Performance in Terms of Envelope Elements through Combined Energy Modelling and Generic Optimization
Authors: Bandara R.M.P.S. , Attalage R.A.
Published: July 2014

Buildings account for approximately 40% of the global energy consumption and 36% of total carbon dioxide emissions. At present many efforts are underway to reduce energy consumption and carbon footprint of buildings by optimizing their performance. Building envelope elements have a major impact on the performance of buildings. However, the best combination of the building envelope elements for optimizing the performance of buildings is difficult to determine and is not known. Building performance analysis is mostly done through energy modelling by using a whole building simulation tool. However, this is a slow and a tedious process, and generally only a few cases are evaluated in a large range of possible scenarios. By combining a generic optimization scheme with energy modelling, the best combination of building envelope elements can be determined and, thereby, it is possible to optimize the performance of buildings successfully subject to predefined constraints. This paper describes how the performance of an office building located in the suburbs of Colombo, Sri Lanka is optimized in terms of building envelope elements through combined energy modelling and generic optimization. The optimized envelope design with its efficient utilization of daylight, not only reduces the annual energy consumption substantially, but also leads to better thermal comfort for the occupants.
A New Time Varying Hybrid Active Noise Control System with Online Secondary Path Modelling
Authors: Ghangale Dhananjay , Manik Dhanesh
Published: July 2014

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Active noise control is used to reduce low frequency noises. A hybrid ANC structure combines feedforward and feedback structure to generate an anti-noise wave, which results in high performance in control of unwanted noise. In this paper, a hybrid structure for active noise control (ANC) is developed. The hybrid structure utilises a variable step size LMS algorithm for faster convergence. This structure also incorporates variable step size (VSS) online secondary path modelling, the white noise injection is stopped at the optimum point when the modelling accuracy is sufficient. Comparative simulation results shown in this paper indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing acoustic noises.
Accident Sequence Modeling Methodology for External Flood Probabilistic Safety Analysis of Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor
Authors: Ramakrishnan M. , Arul A. John , Bhuvana V. , Vinayagam P. Puthiya , Chellapandi P.
Published: July 2014

This paper compares two different accident sequence methodologies for external flood probabilistic safety analysis (EFPSA). It is shown that the two methodologies lead to identical expression for CDF with an example. Using accident sequences developed for internal events PSA is recommended for detailed external flood probabilistic safety analysis of prototype fast breeder reactor.
Contaminant Control in Intensive Care Unit of Hospital
Authors: Verma Tikendra Nath , Sinha Shobha Lata
Published: July 2014

The complex hospital environment requires special attention to ensure healthy indoor air quality (IAQ). It is necessary to protect to patient and healthcare workers against hospital acquired infections and occupational diseases. In a hospital environment, there is a trend of high concentrations of harmful micro-organisms. From an infection control perspective, the primary objective of hospital design is to place the patient at no risk of infection during hospitalization. Many people consider that hospitals are generally clean and free from pathogens which are actually not true. Hospitals are having very complex environment that require effective ventilation for comfort of patients & control from infections. Intensive care represents the highest level of continuing patient care and treatment. Therefore a turbulent airflow study has been performed in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of hospital. The present investigation stresses preventing airborne infections, protecting the doctor and other patient in ICU, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT. In which, Navier Stokes and energy equations in three-dimensional co-ordinates have been solved by control volume method. The SIMPLE algorithms are used to solve these equations. Steady state, k-ε turbulence model and incompressible flow of a constant property fluid have been considered. The tracking of massless contaminated particle (infection) has also been carried out by simulation. It is observed that stagnant zone of the room is not healthy for the patients as well as doctor. Therefore suitable ventilation arrangement must be provided for healthy environment in the hospital.
Effect of Welding Parameters on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Joints Produced by Friction Stir Welding
Authors: Jannet Sabitha , Mathews P. Koshy
Published: July 2014

The effect of processing parameters on the mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar AA6061 t6–AA5083 0 joints produced by friction stir welding was studied. Different samples were produced by varying the advancing speeds of the tool as 20 and 40 mm/min and by varying the alloy positioned on the advancing side of the tool. In the various trials the rotating speed is varied from 600 to 900 RPM. All the welds were produced perpendicular to the rolling direction for both the alloys. Micro hardness (HV) and tensile tests performed at room temperature were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the joints. Various tests were performed on the joints previously subjected to ageing. In order to analyze the micro structural evolution of the material, the welds’ zones were observed optically.
Investigation of Material and Manufacturing Process to Develop High Pedestrian Safety Composite Bonnet
Authors: Manuneethi Arasu P. , Krishnaraj Vijayan , Rambabu B.
Published: July 2014

Cost reduction, light weighting, quality and safety are the basis for all design and development of automobile component manufacturing. Low cost with high quality components can be produced by proper material selection, material cost, production volume, manufacturing process. This paper investigates the existing metallic bonnet with a new low cost and light weight composite bonnet. Fibers such as glass and jute along with matrixes of polyester and epoxy resin are selected for part fabrication. Using reverse engineering process design is extracted from original metallic bonnet and is redesigned for FRP application. Hand lay-up and VARTM manufacturing process are compared to fabricate FRP bonnet. Important factors that involve in bonnet under real time damages are impact of child head-form during accident is analyzed as per Euro-NCAP standard. From the result VARTM based glass/ polyester composite is found to be a better candidate for fabrication. Keywords: Predestrain safety, Reverse enginneering, hand layup, VARTM, Analysis.
Studies on 'Labour Safety Climate' in Chemical Handling Industries with Specific Reference to Fireworks
Authors: Ravi A. , Gandhinathan R.
Published: July 2014

Unsafe acts and unsafe conditions are the main causes for all accidents in firework Industries. The accidents occurr in the fireworks industries are more severe than the accidents occurr in any other industries, because fire and explosives are the common causes of the accidents in fireworks industries. The aim of the study is to analyse the accidents in fireworks industries and recommend to build safety culture.
Thermal Hazard Behavior of TBP and DBP
Authors: Smitha Velayuthan Sreekantan , Surianarayanan Mahadevan , Seshadri Hariharan , Lakshman Nyaya Valiveti , Mandal Asit Baran
Published: July 2014

The exothermic behavior of Tributyl Phosphate (TBP) with nitric acid at elevated temperatures is a serious cause of concern in nuclear industry as well as in various other industries where it is the principal extractant. In this study, the comparative study of thermal hazard of TBP and one of its major decomposition products, Dibutyl phosphate, (DBP) has been investigated under adiabatic conditions. Parameters such as comparative self-heat rate and pressure rise were deduced using world’s benchmark adiabatic calorimeter, Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC). FTIR spectrum of the products obtained after ARC experiments pertaining to TBP and DBP are compared.
Analysis on Wastages in the Automobile Rubber Components Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Balaji K. , Deepak Kumar S. , Kumar V.S. Senthil
Published: July 2014

Small scale industries are the back bone of our nation’s economy; they are major contributor to large scale industries, in particular the automobile field. It is essential that these industries must run to their fullest efficiency, and utilize inputs such as Material, Labour and other resources effectively. But the small scale industries are not aware about the wastages present in the industry. These wastages reduce the efficiency of the industry. The wastages can be present in any form like production waste, man power waste, material waste etc. This paper mainly focuses on basic work of identification of wastages presents in automobile rubber components manufacturing industry. These techniques are called the Lean technique. Generally, seven types of wastages are available. This paper, aims to identify the wastages present in the various units of the industry, and to carry out the cause and effects analysis on wastages, also possible remedies were suggested
Critical Success Factors for Implementation of Lean and Green in Medium Scale Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Gunasekharan S. , D. Elangovan , Parthiban P.
Published: July 2014

Lean manufacturing is a strategic tool, which is used to cut down waste and to improve the efficiency of an organization and helps the organization to sustain in the competitive environment. Implementation of green systems in organization results in reduce energy consumption, waste generation, and hazardous materials used while also building the companies’ images as socially responsible organizations. Several research efforts discussed in the literature indicate that lean companies show significant environmental improvements by being more resource and energy efficient. Lean and green systems are associated with waste reduction techniques. In foreign, many industries have started implementing these concepts and they are getting good results. In India, companies are facing problems in implementing lean and green concept. This paper investigates critical success factors for lean and green system implementation in Indian medium scale manufacturing industries. The factors are grouped into different levels by Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM)
Empirical Modelling and Optimization of Sliding Wear Behaviour of Copper-Graphite Composites Using RSM
Authors: Doraisamy Amrishraj , Senthilvelan Thiyagarajan , Sampath Kumar Sudarsanam
Published: July 2014

Copper-Graphite composites have been prepared through powder metallurgy (P/M) method. 0 3 and 6 wt % of graphite particles have been added as the reinforcement to the Copper powder which forms the matrix and composites have been prepared. Microstructure of the newly prepared composites was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Wear test was done using Pin-on-disc tribometer according to G99 standards. A linear regression Mathematical model has been developed using RSM to predict the sliding wear behavior of the composites. Optimization has been done using RSM and also based on ANOVA to find the significant parameters affecting the sliding wear.
Evaluation of Lean Manufacturing Systems Using MADM and Fuzzy TOPSIS
Authors: Arul T.G. , Arumugam C. , Parthiban P.
Published: July 2014

Lean manufacturing is a management philosophy derived from Toyota Production System (TPS) which aims to increase the overall values of the product or service provided to the customer through elimination of non-value added activities. In the era of globalisation, to remain competitive in the global market, many medium and small sized Indian industries adopt lean manufacturing. This paper focuses on implementation of lean manufacturing in Indian MSMEs. To examine the implementation, attributes which influence lean manufacturing are obtained and industries’ performances on these criteria are rated. In this paper, the methodology selected from many of the multi criteria models is the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In the actual real world situation, because of the unreliable nature of the information gathered, the attributes are often not absolute and are imprecise. These data can be considered as fuzzy and the aim of this paper is to adopt TOPSIS decision making method to problems with fuzzy data. The rating and weights of each data are expressed as triangular fuzzy numbers. These attributes are then normalized and the TOPSIS methodology is carried out to determine the effect of implementing lean manufacturing technique in an industry. The best industry is identified by fuzzy TOPSIS on the basis of performance towards the considered attributes is consistent with results identified by TOPSIS.
Study on the Implementation of Kobetsu Kaizen (KK) Pillar of TPM in a Process Industry
Authors: Vardhan Sachit , Gupta Pardeep
Published: July 2014

TPM is implemented in industry for improving production efficiency with an ultimate aim of attaining zero breakdowns, zero losses and zero defects. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the implementation of TPM initiatives and particularly the most contributing Kobestu-Kaizen (Focused improvement) Pillar in a process industry. The practical aspects and comprehensive approach for the deployment of Kobestu-Kaizen Pillar are presented as a case study. KK pillar helps to attain zero losses and to improve Overall Equipment Efficiency(OEE) of the processes and the plant. The benefits of TPM remained very encouraging and the company decided to continue with second phase of TPM implementation to achieve higher operational excellence.
An Investigation on the Innovations in Steel Re-Rolling MSMEs with Reference to Industries in Kerala State, India
Authors: Kiron K.R. , Kannan K.
Published: July 2014

A developing country like India depends on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) for its economical development. But the sector is not attractive now for the entrepreneurs, since the return for investment is very small. These organisations have to practice the habit of innovation for their survival. The present study focused on the extent of innovations in steel re-rolling MSMEs in Kerala state, India. Also, the barriers for innovation are identified so that the same can be overcome by the planned efforts. The data collection is through a field survey based on a questionnaire prepared. The study shows that level of innovation is very low in MSME sector and proper steps are to be taken to overcome this issue.
Forecasted Inflation Based Block Replacement Model Using Stochastic Process
Authors: Srinivas B. , Gajanana S. , Reddy K. Hemachandra
Published: July 2014

The replacement problems are concerned with the situation that arises on decrease in the efficiency of the item, failure or breakdown. The problem of replacement is to identify the best policy to determine the ideal replacement time which is most economical. Group replacement model is applicable to the items that fail completely on usage and the result is group replacement age for the entire group of items in the system irrespective of whether they are functioning or not. The present paper proposes intermediate states i.e., minor repair and major repair states in between functioning and irreparable breakdown states. In addition, higher order Markov chains are used in generating the probabilities of items which are falling in different states. In order to consider money value, macro-economic variable, inflation is considered in this model. In the present model, real interest rates are calculated using forecasted inflation for future periods. Future period values of inflation are predicted by using the forecasting technique and a regression model with trigonometric function. These methods are used to accommodate cyclical fluctuation in the prices of items/inflation. The optimal replacement age is the time bucket in which the average cost of the individual replacement, repair and the cost of the items is minimum.
Identification of Isomorphism in Kinematic Chains Using Hamming Method
Authors: Saini Indu , Singh Vijay Pal
Published: July 2014

Isomorphism identification is a difficult problem in kinematic chains. There is number of method given by many researchers to detect the isomorphism and inversion of kinematic chain but each has its own shortcomings. Purpose of this paper is to give an efficient and reliable method. An attempt has been made to provide satisfactory solution to detection of isomorphism by using hamming method. The method is implemented on sewing machine, break drum; straight line motion mechanisms have six links kinematic chain.
Evaluation of Flexural and Interlaminar Shear Strength of Laminated Hybrid Composites
Authors: Selvam R. , Arunkumar N. , Karunamoorthy L.
Published: July 2014

The important material properties associated with laminated hybrid composites are the flexural and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). These properties are relating the amount of bending and shear stress of a specific material will handle before individual plies fail. In this study the influence of stacking sequence on the flexural and interlaminar shear properties of the fabricated laminated hybrid composites, unidirectional carbon (UD) and bi-directional glass (BD) fabric /epoxy, has been investigated experimentally. The hybrid laminates were fabricated by hand lay-up technique with a total of 12 plies, by varying the position of carbon layers so as to obtain three different stacking sequences. The specimen preparation and the experimentations were carried out according to the ASTM standards. The result indicates by placing the carbon layers away from the neutral axis and at the neutral axis enhances the both flexural and interlaminar shear properties significantly. The failure modes of all specimens were investigated.
Evaluation of Optimal Parameters for Machining Aluminium Alloy Al6061 in Wire EDM
Authors: Bharathy T. , Thiruppathi K. , Raghuraman S.
Published: July 2014

This paper discuss on the optimization of process parameters for the machining of Al6061 aluminium alloy in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM). Al6061 has a significant use in various domains like aerospace, ordnance, and automotive sectors. Wire EDM is used in the fields of Dies, Moulds Precision Manufacturing and contour cutting. The experiments have been conducted by varying four process parameters such as Peak current, Ton, Toff and Servo feed in three different levels. The important output measurable parameters like material removal rate (MRR), Surface roughness (Ra) value of the machined surface for each experimental runs has been measured. Taguchi’s L9(34) Orthogonal Array was employed to carry on the experiments, that agree with arbitrarily opted distinct combinations of the mentioned process parameter. All experiments have been conducted using Electronica Sprintcut WEDM. Grey relational analysis was employed to change over the multi-objective measure into a tantamount individual objective function. Taguchi technique was used to optimize the overall grey relational grade. Verification experiments were done to validate the optimal results.
Experimental Analysis of Hole Ovality in Drilling of Carbon-Carbon Composites
Authors: Krishna Sastry K.V. , Rao V. Seshagiri , Kumar M.S. , Velayudham A.
Published: July 2014

The Carbon-Carbon (C-C) composite materials are logical candidates for the manufacture of space crafts and other advanced structures, due to their low density values. These materials are naturally expensive, and the machining cost increases the final product’s price. The literature availability on the machining, particularly with reference to drilling operation of these materials is very rare. Hence an experimental investigation has taken to study the hole quality of this ubiquitous carbon-carbon composite material. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis about the influence of process parameters on the ovality of the carbon-Carbon composite plate, which is measured with a coordinate measuring machine. The drilling experiments were carried with two different tools like HSS and TiN coated Carbide materials on a CNC drilling machine. The Point Angle, spindle speed and feed rate were chosen as process parameters, and their impact on the quality of drilled hole was analyzed with the help of Taguchi’s orthogonal array and ANOVA-TM software. A comparison was done between the performances of drilling by these two different tools.
Experimental Investigation on Optimisation of Parameters of Thermo-Catalytic Cracking Process for H.D.P.E. & P.P. Mixed Plastic Waste with Synthesized Alumina-Silica Catalysts
Authors: Narayanan K.S. , Anand R.B.
Published: July 2014

The evolution of mankind from Paleolithic Era to the current big Era Nine has also found versatile applications of various plastic polymers owing to some desirable properties like mechanical strength, poor electrical and thermal conductivities and as a result, subsequent generation of its wastes are thriving up. Basically plastic polymers are synthetic organic matter containing hydrocarbons having high potency for thermal decomposition for producing alternate fuel. Thermo-Catalytic reaction process of high-density polyethylene (H.D.P.E.) & polypropylene (P.P.) mixed waste is investigated by using fly ash-derived silica–alumina catalysts and bentonite clay powder. The aim of the work is to find the optimum parameters of the process with locally processed catalysts in terms of their degradation temperature and yield. The thermal degradation of H.D.P.E. & P.P. mixed waste in the presence of catalysts is done with pyrolytic environment in a pilot scale stainless steel reactor with the continuous rated supply of nitrogen and L.P.G. heating. The process parameters are measured with thermocouples, flow control devices. Fly ash and bentonite are synthesised in a lab scale and used as catalysts. A series of pyrolytic experiments are conducted with the synthesised catalysts and commercial catalyst Zeolite-Y Hydrogen to demonstrate the optimum operating parameters on yield of mixed waste H.D.P.E. & P.P. derived hydrocarbon oil.
Experimental Investigations on Cryogenic Cooling in Drilling of Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Govindaraju N. , Shakeel Ahmed L. , Pradeepkumar M.
Published: July 2014

The usage of a conventional cutting fluid in the metal cutting operations gives harmful effect for environment and to the operator’s health. In this study, experimental investigations were carried out in a drilling operation on aluminium alloy material using a liquid nitrogen (LN2) coolant. The variables in the experiment were, cutting speed and feed, the drilling depth was maintained constant. For each feed rate (0.02, 0.05 & 0.08 mm/rev) three holes were drilled for cutting speeds 110, 130 & 150 m/min. The cutting temperature and thrust force were recorded. The cutting temperature and thrust force were reduced, when cutting speed was increased. The hole quality parameters like cylindricity, circularity and perpendicularity were analyzed using CMM.
Experimental Studies of Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Aravind Anoop , Kannan G.R.
Published: July 2014

This research work mainly deals with the mechanical and microstructure properties of various thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials for an internal combustion engine piston using plasma spraying technique. Three thermal barrier coating Materials namely the combination of Aluminium Oxide with Titanium oxide (87%Al2O3 + 13%Tio2), Aluminium Oxide with Titanium oxide (97% Al2O3 +3%Tio2) and Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) (100%) were selected and coated on Aluminium Alloy(Al Ai) with the thickness of 150 Microns (µm) for this investigation. Among three Thermal barrier coating materials, Yttria Stabilized Zirconia showed better mechanical properties such as elongation (EL) of 6.25%, tensile strength TS of 106.06MPa and yield strength (YS) of 90.34MPa when compared with that of the base piston metal Aluminium Alloy (Al Ai). Further, better microstructure properties were also observed for YSZ (100%) in comparison with other thermal barrier coated materials.
Experimental Study on Temperature Effect and Tool Wear on Edge Trimming of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
Authors: Prakash R. , Krishnaraj V. , Tarun G.S. , Vijayagopal M. , Kumar G.Denesh
Published: July 2014

Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are used as structural materials in automotive and aerospace industries because of its superior properties like high strength to weight ratio and high stiffness to weight ratio. Though most CFRP products are produced to near net shape by different composite manufacturing methods, some post machining processes such as drilling, edge trimming are required. In order to shape and smooth the edges of the composite components the edge trimming plays a major role. This research gave the approach of studying the effect of temperature and tool wear on surface roughness obtained during edge trimming of uni directional CFRP with different fiber orientations and quasi isotropic CFRP with the sequence of [90/-45/0/45/90/-45/0/45]S. The effect of coating of tool on tool wear and surface roughness were also studied.