bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Model of Transfer Robot in Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Authors: Zhao Jian Wei , Lu Xin Chun , He Yong Yong
Published: March 2013

Transfer robot of chemical mechanical polishing (TRCMP) has some joints. For an important kind of special transfer robot, it is used as automatic material processing equipment in the semiconductor manufacture. The TRCMP has nonlinear, strongly coupled, multi-joints and under actuated, and these characteristics brought some difficulties to model and control. A dynamic model of the TRCMP was based on Lagrange equation and Newton dynamics theory. Then linearization of the dynamics model was done and its state-space equations were established. This structure of the model established is very simple, and it can control the TRCMP effectively and easy. Simulation results proved the system stability, and experiment results analyzed verified that the model of TRCMP is valid and rational.
Numerical Solution of Parabolic Equation on a 2-D Infinite Strip with Composite Hermite-Legendre Spectral Method
Authors: Zhao Ting Jing
Published: March 2013

For solving numerically parabolic differential equation on a two-dimensional infinite strip, composite Hermite-Legendre Galerkin method is proposed in this article. By making use of stabilised scaled factor, the proposed method achieves stability. We also establish the convergence result for the proposed method. Numerical tests conduct for the model problem. It is shown that the proposed method is efficient.
The Parallel Research of MP Sparse Decomposition in Grid Environment
Authors: Li Yong
Published: March 2013

Signal sparse representation in signal processing has many important applications, but the calculation amount of sparse decomposition is difficult to spread to realize industrialization because of its enormous calculation amount. At present, most of us make efforts to shorten the time of sparse decomposition calculation and improve the algorithm in order to make sparse decomposition feasible in its actual application. Although we make great achievements, the time cost by these improved algorithms is still difficult to be accepted. With the rapid development of internet in recent years, cloud computing and grid computing improve the computational ability so greatly that it can make a large amount of data calculation possible in reality. We introduce the grid computing into the sparse calculation so as to make its applicability possible in the practice. The thesis is to build a grid frame work. The performance of sparse decomposition is greatly improved by its calculating allocation to each node of grid computing, which makes it possible in its practical application.
Tunneling Radiation from the Cosmological Horizon
Authors: Li Hui Ling , Cheng Cheng , Wu Yan Ge
Published: March 2013

Extending the Parikh’s method of quantum tunneling radiation, Hawking radiation via tunneling from the cosmological horizon of NUT-Kerr-Newman de Sitter black hole is deeply studied. The result shows that the tunneling rate on the cosmological horizon is related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and the real spectrum is not strictly thermal at all, but is consistent with an underlying unitary theory.
Study on the Performance of New Foamed Cement Insulation Material
Authors: Li Xiao Long , Li Guo Zhong
Published: March 2013

In this experiment, cement, fly ash, quicklime, foaming agent and foam stabilizer were used as raw materials to prepare the new foamed cement insulation material. Single-factor tests were designed to study the influence of different dosages of foaming agent, foam stabilizer and quicklime on the material properties. The optimum ratio was determined: content of fly ash was 25%, water-cement ratio was 0.37, content of foaming agent was 4.5%, content of foam stabilizer was 1.2% and content of quicklime was 1.5%. The material is tested: 3d compressive strength of the material is 1.049MPa, 3d flexural strength of the material is 0.608MPa.
Effect of Fe Loading Content on Catalytic Performance of ZSM-5 for the IMTO Process
Authors: Liu Fei , Li Ting , Ye Peng Long , Wang Xiao Dan , Cao Jian Xin , Guo Duan Hua
Published: March 2013

Among the processes for production of olefins, methanol converted to light olefins with methyl iodide as intermediate is a potential and an alternative route, which can be realized under mild condition. ZSM-5 catalyst is considered to be an effective catalyst for methanol to light olefins, better performances for olefins can be obtained by modifying. In this paper, the methanol to olefin with iodide reaction (IMTO) has been studied in a small scale fixed bed reactor over Fe modified ZSM-5 catalyst. It is indicated that ZSM-5 zeolites were modified with Fe loadings successfully, as a result the pore sizes reduced availably comparing with ZSM-5, the conversion of methanol and selectivity of light olefins got 98.8% and 89.5% respectively when modified with 9% Fe loadings.
Influence of Parameters on Catalytic Performance over Different Modified ZSM-5 Zeolite for the IMTO Process
Authors: Liu Fei , Li Ting , Ye Peng Long , Cao Jian Xin , Guo Duan Hua
Published: March 2013

The methanol to olefin with iodide method (IMTO) is a potential and alternative route for its mild process conditions, which produces methyl iodide as intermediate. Methanol can be highly converted, yielding high rates of selectivity to light olefins, by its reaction over varies modified ZSM-5 zeolites. Efforts have been taken to optimize the reaction with respect to selectivity of olefin and conversion of methanol. Based on the analysis of gas chromatography, the following operating conditions were obtained: 250 °C of reaction temperature, CH3OH:HI:H2O=1:1:3 of the molar ratio of raw materials, 2.5 h-1 of methanol space velocity and 30 ml•min-1 of nitrogen low rate.
Program Design of Gravity Retaining Wall Structural Reliability with Engineering Materials Base on Matlab Software
Authors: Song Yun Lian , Cao Jian Ran , Li Si
Published: March 2013

Reliability problem for gravity retaining wall constructed by new engineering materials is researched by using Monte Carlo probability theory, and the reliability program diagram of retaining wall is designed. Reliability calculation is programmed base on the anti-skid and anti-overturning safety failure mode of retaining wall. On the basis of known the probabilistic characteristics of the random parameters such as wall dimensions, material parameters, external load, and so on, and the program can automatically calculate the anti-sliding and anti-overturning failure probability and reliability indices. The research content and compiled program provide convenient reliability calculation method for the design of actual retaining walls constructed by new engineering materials.
A Design of Experiments (DOE) Approach to Parameters Optimization of Sludge Treatment System in an Enzyme Preparations Factory
Authors: Wang Hai Xia , Ji Min , Zhang Xin Yang
Published: March 2013

To decrease the influent load of the wastewater treatment system and increase the overall ability of the wastewater treatment plant to meet the demand for 15% production expansion of the enzyme preparations factory, the purpose of this study was set to decrease COD concentration of the centrate from the sludge treatment system. Three orthogonal experiments and follow-up analysis of experiment results identified the significant impacts factors on COD concentration of the centrate. Afterwards, four full factorial experiments were designed to obtain a set of optimum parameters combination on the condition that no GMO was detected in the dewatered sludge.
Quality Control and Optimization of Concrete Pump Truck Painting Line Based on Properties of Mechanical Materials
Authors: Ma Yan Hua , Zhao Ke Li , Zhu Xin Yu , Pan Yuan Chao , Shen Jian , Ren De Guan
Published: March 2013

This paper is based on the summary and analysis to the quality problem of the Pump Truck Painting Line, AHP and lean six sigma are used to analyze the quality problems of the Pump Truck Painting Line, and then the main factors which affect the painting quality are found, finally, some concrete measures are put forward to improve the quality of the Concrete Pump Truck Painting Line.
Application of Feedback Linearization Control for Optimal Power Tracking with Energy in Wind Power Generation System
Authors: Geng Yue Feng , Wang Wu
Published: March 2013

Fluctuation, intermittence and uncertain are the characteristics of wind energy which cause wind energy output power fluctuation and influence the grid stability and power quality, it is hard to be controlled exactly by traditional controllers. The feedback linearization control was applied to wind power generation system (WPGS), which was to reduce the cost of wind energy conversion system and improve its performance. The WPGS model was constructed with mathematical models of aerodynamics subsystem, drive train subsystem and permanent magnetic synchronous generator (PMSG) subsystem. The feedback linearization control rule was proposed, with feedback linearization control theory based on differential geometry, the coordinated transformation and nonlinear state feedback were obtained. The system was constructed with MATLAB/Simulink platform, the model and control strategy was adopted and the simulation result shows this method can realized optimal power control, which has maximum energy capture ability.
Boiler Combustion System of Multivariable Internal Model Control Application Research
Authors: Shang Ji Liang , Ren Da Hai
Published: March 2013

In the industrial process of common multivariable time delay input/output system, a multivariable decoupling internal model controller design method is put forward based on the internal model control structure, the method for the design of internal model controller has the function of decoupling and controller. The advantage has the ability to achieve approximate or complete decoupling in nominal system output response, the method is used on the multivariable strong coupling of the boiler combustion control system to design and simulation study, the simulation results prove the effectiveness of the method. And in the process model and process mismatch showed strong robustness and anti jamming ability.
Influences of Aggregate on Microwave Absorbing Properties of Porous Concrete
Authors: Li Xiao Peng , Lin Shao Feng , Lv Xu Liang , Zhao Lei , Wen Liu Qiang
Published: March 2013

The key factors for reflection loss of porous materials were studied mainly through experimentation. Regarded aggregate particles as polydisperse particles in porous concrete, by introducing Mie solution on scattering by a spherical particle, and combining with independent scattering discipline for polydisperse particles, a theoretical method for calculating microwave absorbing properties of porous concrete with aggregate diameter in logarithm normal distribution is presented, which can forecast the absorption properties of porous concrete preferably.
A New Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Scheme in Photovoltaic Systems for Energy Saving
Authors: Guo Xu Dong , Yang Jian , Dong Mi , Su Mei , Shen Qun Tai
Published: March 2013

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control could significantly increase the overall reliability and conversion efficiency of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems, so it can reduce energy loss in the photoelectric conversion. In this paper, a new MPPT (Zero Average Incremental Conductance) control algorithm is proposed. This method has the advantages of traditional IncCond MPPT. Moreover, it is stable against interference and not sensitive to system models. Therefore the proposed algorithm could be available and widely used in practical MPPT systems. A 200W grid-connected PV system prototype is built in lab. Experiment results verify the effectiveness of the proposed MPPT method.
Guidance and Control Research on Underwater Unpowered Anti-Submarine Weapons
Authors: Xiong Jian
Published: March 2013

According to the underwater ballistic characteristics of unpowered anti-submarine weapon, double plane guidance of self-correcting ahead angle and tracing method was adopted. This paper established homing model, guidance, control model and the motion model of unpowered antisubmarine weapon. In typical combat situations, it carried out simulation about underwater guidance and control trajectory. Projectile motion properties were analyzed and it verified effectiveness of the guidance and control methods, it provided a basis for underwater trajectory planning, guidance and control method.
Distributed Control of Multi-Agent Systems through Model Predictive Control with Stability
Authors: Zhang Shi Jie , Liu Wu Feng
Published: March 2013

This paper deals with the distributed model predictive control problem in multi-agent systems under fixed interaction topologies. we propose a distributed model predictive control schemes with guaranteed closed-loop stability. In this distributed structure, the problem is decomposed into a set of distributed optimal control problems. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is effective under fixed interaction topologies among subsystems.
Moving Track Control System of Based on Gyroscope and Photoelectric Coder
Authors: Yang Deng Xiang , Zhu Guang Yao , Zhu Qun Feng
Published: March 2013

Aiming at moving track control of mobile robot, this paper studied the practical implementation of linear control algorithm in moving track control of robot, expounded and proved its feasibility and analyzed stability constraint condition of the algorithm, and then analyzed effects of control parameters on moving track through simulation. Finally, the paper applies the algorithm on actual control of robot, and designed gyroscope and photo-electricity encoder-based control system of mobile robot for green house application.
Research on Removal Effects of Pollutants by the (A/O)4 SBR Process
Authors: Ji Kai , Wei Na , Yu Xiao Qing , Ding Li , Xiao Jing
Published: March 2013

The staged SBR is the process that divides aeration and sedimentation process of conventional SBR into several stages in time, and operates under the conditions of different stages of anaerobic/oxic/anoxic alternation. The experiment mainly discussed the five-stage SBR with useful volume of 12 L for nitrogen and phosphorous removal of synthetic municipal wastewater in the temperature ranges of 15~30°C. Tests revealed that under the condition of hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 8 hours and sludge retention time (SRT) is 15 day, the removal efficiency of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP can reach to 88.9%, 99.61%, 78.9% and 94.21%. The quality of effluent water is good, and don’t need to add Carbon Source through the experiment.
Contrast of Wear Resistance between X80CrVMo13-2 Cutting Steel and 4Cr13 in Different Heat Treatment Condition
Authors: Wang Chun Yan , Ding Hong Sheng , Cheng Zhi Fang , Zhao Li Geng
Published: March 2013

Cutting steel is required to have high wear resistance with certain hardness and deformation resistance. The commonly used machinery material for meat processing in china is 4Cr13, which is far inferior to the imported German steel X80CrVMo13-2. After studying the influence of different heat treatment process on its wear resistance, we have come to the following conclusion: X80CrVMo13-2 steel, after quenched at 1050°C and tempered at 500°C, has an excellent wear resistance and 4Cr13 steel, after normalized at 1010°C and tempered at 500°C has a fairly good wear resistance.
Epoxy Resins Treated with Magnesium-Containing Compounds in Material Engineering
Authors: Sun Chun Feng , Gao Ming
Published: March 2013

A novel cheap macromolecular intumescent flame retardants (Mg-MIFR), was synthesized, and its structure was a caged bicyclic macromolecule containing phosphorus- magnesium characterized by IR. Epoxy resins (EP) were modified with Mg-MIFR to get the flame retardant EP, whose flammability and burning behavior were characterized by UL 94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), dilatation, char yield, smoke density rating (SDR) and maximum smoke density (MSD). The epoxy resins were obtained for the UL 94 V-0 rating at low Mg contents of 4.0% get a LOI of 27.0% and char yield of 19.8%. Dilatation, SDR and MSD of EP/Mg-MIFR decreased. The degradation behavior of the EP/Mg-MIFR was studied by TG and EDX analysis. The experimental results exhibited that the initial decomposition temperature (IDT) was decreased, integral procedure decomposition temperature (IPDT) and amounts of Mg and P at the residue were increased.
Noble Metal Catalysts for Methane Reforming in Material Application Engineering
Authors: Hua Wei , Dai Yong Chuan , Jiang Hong Tao
Published: March 2013

Reforming of methane is an important route to produce sygas. In this paper, recent progresses of noble metals (Rh, Ru, Ir, Pt, Pd) catalysts for methane reforming in material application engineering is reviewed. The discussion mainly focuses on catalytic performance of noble metal catalysts or noble metal promoted Ni catalysts in methane reforming reaction. Effects of noble metals, supports and preparation methods on the catalytic activity, selectivity, coke deposition and stability of catalysts have been briefly summarized. In conclusion, Rh as active component, Pd as material for membrane reactor, Pt or Rh as promoters for Ni catalysts, all gave high CH4 conversion, improving catalytic performance.
Perceived Loudness of Sound Transmitted through Light Weight and Heavy Weight Walls
Authors: Rychtáriková Monika , Roozen Bert , Müllner Herbert , Stani Mathias , Chmelík Vojtech , Glorieux Christ
Published: March 2013

When assessing the sound insulation quality of buildings constructions, policy makers and investors typically demand for single number ratings and sound insulation classes that allow for easy ranking of building products. Converting the full frequency content of a precisely measured or calculated structure into a single number, which takes into account all aspects of the insulation performance in a balanced way, is a challenging task. The recently proposed draft standard 717 proposes to take into account also frequencies below 100 Hz. This makes the single value rating even more complicated, since the transmission spectra R (dB) of walls can be qualitatively very different above and below 100 Hz, and even more, since, particularly at low frequencies, human hearing depends not only on frequency but also on the absolute sound level. This article presents a comparison between masonry and light-weight walls with different R value, in terms of the perception of loudness of typical living room, traffic noise and machinery noise transmitted through the walls. The effect of temporal and spectral features of the presented stimuli on loudness perception is analyzed.
Simulation of Indoor Climate and Energy Consumption of Primary School
Authors: Košútová Katarína
Published: March 2013

Computer simulations using Building Simulation software (BSim) were performed in order to evaluate prediction of indoor climate variation over time and also for assessment of energy consumption necessary for indoor climate formation in case of Primary school in Brno, Nový Lískovec. The objective of this paper is to evaluate current operation state of the building using computer simulations. Obtained results will be used for design of systems of renewable energies and for evaluation of indoor climate quality in terms of CO2 concentration.
Thermal Comfort Evaluation with Fireplace in Occupied Space
Authors: Ponechal Radoslav , Baďurová Silvia
Published: March 2013

The solid fuel heaters are popular in Slovakia again, where about 50% of new freestanding homes have one. The classic fireplace, with a blazing fire open to the room as traditional symbol of comfort and security becomes with better building thermal insulation a primary rather than an occasional indulgence heat source. This paper reports the results of field measurement and simulation investigating the thermal comfort criteria in occupied space with fireplace heating system. The field study was performed in a small furnished living-room. The indoor surface temperatures were captured with infrared camera and the mean radiant temperatures were calculated by the ESP-r simulation tool. Thermal comfort prediction maps (PPD and PMV index) are presented to describe range of occupant comfort levels with mean air temperature, air velocity and clothing level variations. It was found that this system provide full area improved thermal climate only with high air temperature level. The study was limited to the case with no vertical air temperature distribution.
Thermal Performance of Capillary Micro Tubes Integrated into the Sandwich Element Made of Concrete
Authors: Mikeska Tomas , Svendsen Svend
Published: March 2013

The thermal performance of radiant heating and cooling systems (RHCS) composed of capillary micro tubes (CMT) integrated into the inner plate of sandwich elements made of High Performance Concrete (HPC) was investigated in the article. Temperature distribution in HPC elements around integrated CMT was studied. Thermal heat flux on the inner surface of HPC element was carefully investigated. Calculations were carried out for different temperatures of the circulating fluid, different spacing between CMT and different thicknesses of the inner HPC layer covering the CMT. This paper shows that CMT integrated into the thin plate of sandwich element made of HPC can supply the energy needed for heating and cooling. The investigations were conceived as a low temperature concept, where the difference between the temperature of circulating fluid and air in the room was kept in range of 1 to 4°C.
Energy Solar Wall in Low-Energy Apartment House
Authors: Labudek Jiri , Oravec Pavel
Published: March 2013

The subject of this paper is an effective connection of the solar wall into an energy concept of an apartment building with a hot air ventilation. It describes mental approaches and construction solution of the solar wall, which minimizes disadvantages of the existing energy of similar structures by its new ideological concept. The facade of the house becomes an energy contribution for the object. A part of this article is an effort to evaluate the proposed solution in a low-energy three-storey apartment building with six residential units. From the graphs it can be determined the energy balance of the building with the solar wall for a particular day of the year. The construction is applicable for both new buildings and renovations.
Thermal Responses of Stabilized Rammed Earth for Colder Climatic Regions
Authors: Stone Clayton , Bagoňa Miloslav
Published: March 2013

The paper focuses on thermal properties for laboratory simulation testing to ascertain the viability of low-cement, Stabilized Rammed Earth (CSRE) as an ecological and sustainable envelope structure for colder regions. The results will be used to create a point of reference for the thermal performance of vernacular CSRE architecture, which could be integrated into building law, norms or standards by interested institutions.
Using Wind Farms as Green Energy Sources
Authors: Pohrib Dana Mădălina
Published: March 2013

Wind farms are constructions that can be considered to only consumme energy for the production and installation of their component parts. Moreover, wind farms make up for their energy consumption in a relatively short while and generate green electric power for a long period of time after their start-up. Nevertheless, it is necessary to analyse the implications of wind farm construction for the surrounding environment.
Effective Ventilation and Heating Systems in Office Buildings
Authors: Budiaková Mária
Published: March 2013

The paper is oriented on the effective ventilation, heating and cooling systems in office buildings by utilization of renewable energy sources. All these systems must be in mutual harmony and ensure thermal comfort. Ventilation system must use the power of wind, the heated air from the double skin facade, heat recovery system, preheating or cooling in the ground channel. In the summer, there must be used the night natural cooling of building. For the heating is the most suitable to use radiant floor heating (30%) in combination with radiant ceiling heating (70%). The next progressive way is the combination of new concrete core conditioning and floor convector heaters.
The Specifics of the Real Estate Market of the Low- and Passive Energy Buildings
Authors: Ort Petr , Pašek Jan
Published: March 2013

Real estate appraisal based on market principles is the science that is directly linked to market economy and should adequately respond to current and the changing needs of both direct real estate market, as well as banking, construction and also legislation and state and local administration. One of the current market requirements is the issue of fair valuation of low- and passive energy buildings in conditions where the market for this type of property is just taking off. This paper describes the most important principles of energy-efficient buildings appraisal, evaluates the motivational incentives for the development of this segment of real estate market and predicts its future development potential.
Greywater and Rainwater Management in Buildings
Authors: Raclavský Jaroslav , Biela Renata , Vrána Jakub , Hluštík Petr , Raček Jakub , Bartoník Adam
Published: March 2013

The concept of reusing wastewater and rainwater in buildings has recently become more important. There are countries where the use of greywater in some buildings has already been made mandatory (e.g. in Japan for toilet flushing). Such measures are gradually being introduced in the EU, where water recycling projects exist for office buildings and hotels. The Czech Republic still lacks experience and a design background in this area. The article is based on TAČR project No. TA01020311, titled “The use of grey and rain water in buildings”, and summarizes basic information about the quality of greywater, and methods of treating it and recovering its heat.
Two-Stage System for Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources with Application of Natural Physical Cavities
Authors: Bielek Milan , Bielek Boris , Híreš Juraj , Szabo Jan
Published: March 2013

Natural physical cavity. Quantification of annual temperature regime of natural physical cavity by in-situ experiment. Annual course of temperature of outdoor climate. Annual course of maximum temperature of natural physical cavity of optimal south-west orientation. Concept of new possibilities for energy utilization of air from natural physical cavities. Two-stage system for utilization of renewable energy sources.
The Comparative Analysis of External Walls in a Passive House with Respect to Environment and Energy
Authors: Baďurová Silvia , Ponechal Radoslav
Published: March 2013

The term "passive house" refers to rigorous and voluntary standards for energy efficiency in a building, reducing its ecological footprint. There are many ways how to build a passive house successfully. These designs as well as construction techniques vary from ordinary timber constructions using packs of straw or constructions of clay. This paper aims to quantify environmental quality of external walls in a passive house, which are made of a timber frame, lightweight concrete blocks and sand-lime bricks in order to determine whether this constructional form provides improved environmental performance. Furthermore, this paper assesses potential benefit of energy savings at heating of houses in which their external walls are made of these three material alternatives. A two-storey residential passive house, with floorage of 170.6 m2, was evaluated. Some measurements of air and surface temperatures were done as a calibration etalon for a method of simulation.
Acoustic Qualities of a Composite Timber - Concrete Ceiling Construction
Authors: Oravec Pavel , Hamala Michal
Published: March 2013

This paper describes a modern composite timber - concrete ceiling construction. It also compares and evaluates the acoustic qualities (sound insulation and a level of acoustic pressure of impact sound), which were measured on a sample of a 3 x 3.6 m size in the experimental measurements in the acoustics testing laboratory certified by CSI Zlin. In the first case, the construction is evaluated as a supporting ceiling panel without any additional layers. In the second and third option it is evaluated as a ceiling construction with structural modifications (a supporting ceiling with some floor layers of different combinations).
Ceiling Construction Low-Frequency Noise Issues
Authors: Berková Petra , Berka Pavel
Published: March 2013

Through the use of a spectral analysis of the source of noise – person’s movement over the ceiling construction – it was found out that in this kind of noise distinctive low-frequency tone components occur (31,5 - 40 Hz) which is beyond the evaluation area of the impact sound insulation of the ceiling construction, s. [2], [3].
Noise Perception in Residential Building Environment
Authors: Vargová Andrea , Pavčeková Monika
Published: March 2013

This article brings up to discussion a particularly topical issue which is the quality of sound insulation in Slovakian dwellings. An analysis of the current acoustical situation in newly built or renovated buildings is shown, as well as the importance of a subjective evaluation of acoustical comfort is highlighted. Nevertheless, it is known that the acoustical comfort is one of the most important factors of a healthy living environment and that the acoustical defects often become subject of argumentation. Concerning the growing acoustical problems in dwellings, we could debate, to what extent the real value of the apartment can be estimated.
Mathematical Model of Multi-Layer Wall with Phase Change Material and its Use in Optimal Design
Authors: Klimes Lubomir , Charvát Pavel , Stetina Josef
Published: March 2013

The paper deals with the mathematical model of the multi-layer wall containing the phase change material (PCM). The model utilizes the effective heat capacity method for modeling the latent heat of phase change and the control volume method is used for the discretization of the model. The utilization of the model is then demonstrated on the problem of the optimal design of the multi-layer wall with the PCM. The TMY2 data for the city of Brno were used in simulations as operational conditions. The main attention is aimed at the determination of the optimal thickness of the PCM layer for the multi-layer wall design with various thicknesses of the masonry.
Effect of Air Heating System Distribution on Temperature Stratification in a Room
Authors: Katunský Dušan , Vaskova Anna , Lopušniak Martin
Published: March 2013

Most of air heating and ventilating systems for passive houses inlet air in floors. It is assumed that a natural motion of air is led upwards, and so the right stratification of temperature in the space is ensured. However, in the case of excellently insulated buildings it is possible to assume that an upper inlet of air is also able to ensure the required layering of temperature. Within the experiment an influence of upper and down air inlet for temperature stratification in the space was followed. Night sensors of indoor air temperature are placed for measurement purposes. Measurements are done in the long term. The results from measurements show that both, vertical and horizontal stratification of temperature in rooms of passive houses are equal regardless of the fact, which system of air inlet is used.
Analysis of the Behavior of Glass Claddings
Authors: Rykalová Eva , Fabian Radek
Published: March 2013

Glass facades are significantly affected by the internal microclimate, and because of their use in this way it is necessary to use the secure elements of glass facades. For this purpose, safety multi-layer glass is used, which should fulfil its function after the failure of their integrity. This article describes the experimental destructive tests that indicate the behaviour of multi-layer safety glasses, depending on the thickness of the individual layers of the glass composite. A part of the article is the analysis of the cracks of broken elements depending on their thickness.
Energy Concept Design of Zero Energy Buildings
Authors: Budiaková Mária
Published: March 2013

The paper is oriented on the design of energy concepts of zero energy buildings. In the first phase of concept is important the good architectural design in terms of energy. In the residential building for four flats I calculated the annual energy consumption by computer simulation in the current condition and in the proposed reconstruction. I demonstrate that the unbalanced architectural design of flats in a residential building causes also after reconstruction a significant difference in energy consumption. This means that when developing energy concept of zero energy building the first essential step is energy efficient architectural design, taking into an account the energy aspects. The next step is to the use of technological aspects: passive and active use of solar gains, effective ventilation systems with heat recovery and new generation of heat pumps. For the formation of zero energy buildings is essential application of described progressive trends in the development of energy concepts.
Measuring Methodology and Results of Heat-Air-Moisture Performances at Building Envelope Levels
Authors: Katunský Dušan , Zozulák Marek , Vertaľ Marián , Kondáš Kristián , Balaz Richard
Published: March 2013

The contribution is focused on the design, selection and implementation of methodologies for monitoring the heat-air-moisture performances at building envelope levels in the experimental chambers. The chambers are located in the outdoor environment - installed samples of building fabrics are exposed to dynamic boundary conditions. Indoors consists of a constantly maintained air temperature and relative humidity - a quasi-stationary state. The chosen methodology determines the purposes of data evaluation and it is a tool for controlling the scientific, theoretical and practical results and conclusions of measurements in real outdoor conditions. The results obtained at an early stage suggest differences of material properties at building envelope levels.
Optimisation of the Design of Daylight Guidance Systems Including Measurement Methodology
Authors: Janečková Lenka , Bošová Daniela
Published: March 2013

Daylight is important for a human organism mainly in the physiological and psychological respect. These days, however, the economic aspect is also becoming a non-negligible parameter. Due to the lack of daylight eye strain occurs that may lead not only to eyesight damage, but also to various related health disorders studied by numerous experts. In places not directly neighbouring on the exterior environment a suitable means of lighting are daylight guidance systems which may transmit light over long distances. Their installation belongs to investments with high financial demands; therefore, adequate attention should be paid to the optimisation of their design with respect to the interior environment resulting in the maximum effectiveness of the designed installation even without any contact with the exterior environment. At the same time, a light guide should be designed to eliminate thermal bridges and thus undesirable manifestations of condensation on the inside surfaces of structures.
Electronic Structure of Erbium Silicates Investigated by First-Principles Method
Authors: Liu Yi Bo , Wang Li Gen , Zhang Chuan , Wang Li Min , Wang Lei
Published: March 2013

Rare earth silicates (RE2SiO5 or RE2Si2O7; RE=Er, Lu, Y, Yb etc.) possess a low silica activity and good thermal stability, making them good candidates for EBC top coating materials. We have performed first-principles total energy calculations for the Er2O3-SiO2 pseudo binary system. The crystal lattice parameters and internal atomic coordinates of Er2SiO5 and Er2Si2O7 are optimized, and the electronic structure and formation enthalpies are calculated. The present study provides a theoretical basis for exploring practical applications of the materials.
A Neural Network Model of Restrained Recovery for Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Wu Shuang , Zhao Shou Gen , Wu Da Fang , Yu Xue Mei
Published: March 2013

The methods of constitutive modeling of restrained recovery for Shape memory alloys (SMAs) were described in this paper and experiments were carried out to provide the essential data for the methods. The present mathematical constitutive models are inconvenient for engineering applications. Then a back propagation (BP) neural network model was developed for restrained recovery of SMAs. This BP neural network model can learn the hysteresis of SMAs in the process of heating and cooling based on its properties of nonlinear function mapping and adaptation, and it can predict the complete restrained recovery stress of SMAs with different initial strains. The predicted results obtained from the proposed BP model agree well with the experimental data. Moreover, the proposed BP model is more simple, convenient and low cost compared with the present mathematical constitutive models.
Relationship between Binder Content and Ink Absorption of Coated Paper
Authors: Li Ying , Gu Wen Juan , He Bei Hai
Published: March 2013

The ink penetration behavior depends on the coating surface structure and surface properties of the coating layer in the papermaking process, which include coating recipes and coating conditions, etc. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the relationship between binder content and ink absorption using laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Fluorescent ink was used to observe and characterize ink penetration and distribution in coated paper by LSCM. The results indicated that higher binder content could result in higher amount ink absorption. With the increasing of binder content, ink penetration depth in coated paper increased. Sample G2 with 20 parts binder produced the most unevenness ink distribution. It could be concluded that the coated paper with 25 parts binder compared with the other samples resulted in higher ink usage and better printing quality.
T-Ray NDE Inspections on the Fiber Direction of Thermoplastic PPS-Based CFRP Composites
Authors: Im Kwang Hee , Hsu David K. , Chiou Chien Ping , Barnard Daniel J.
Published: March 2013

Terahertz ray (T-ray) imaging has been emerged as one of the most promising new powerful nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques, and new application systems are under processing development for the area applications. The terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) can be considered as a useful tool using general non-conducting materials; however it is quite limited to conducting materials. In this study, a new time-domain spectroscopy system was utilized for detecting and evaluating layup effect and flaw in FRP composite laminates. In order to solve various material properties, the index of refraction (n) and the absorption coefficient (α) are derived in reflective and transmission configuration using the terahertz time domain spectroscopy. However, the T-ray is limited in order to penetrate a conducting material to some degree. So, investigation of terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) was made and reflection and transmission configurations were studied for a 48-ply thermoplastic PPS (poly-phenylene sulfide)-based CFRP solid laminate.
Study on the Leaching Performance of Chrome in Waste Leather Products
Authors: Ding Shao Lan , Xiang Qun , Zhu Lei
Published: March 2013

The leaching experiments of finished pigskin, finished cowhide and finished sheepskin are conducted in this essay with liquor of different pH to research the leaching performance of chrome. After continuous leaching of 120 hours, it turns out that chrome is leached out most under the effect of the liquor whose pH is 2, and it is intermittent. Comparing the content of extracted chrome, it turns out those samples, treated with liquor whose pH is 2, has increased values, which proves that the stability of chrome in leather declines.
Abnormal Diamagnetic Respond in Co0.2Mn1.7Sn Compound
Authors: Feng Wen Jiang , Zhang Hao Hua , He Yan
Published: March 2013

The Co-doped Co0.2Mn1.7Sn compound was prepared by melting appropriate metals with purity higher than 99.9% in a magneto-controlled arc furnace. The compound shows single-phase characteristics. Magnetic measurements show that, the abnormal negative magnetization, i.e. diamagnetism occurs at low temperature. Moreover, it displays the common weak ferromagnetism, together with some spin-glass-like behavior. Besides, we conjure that abnormal negative magnetization should be from the magnetized sample when cooling the compound in the so-called zero field (in fact it is about 2.5×10-5 T).
Smart Efficient Flame Retardant Carpets in Non Halogen Flame Retardant Polymers
Authors: Lin Xiao Dan , Yang Bin , Wang Guang Kai , Bakangura Erigene , Huang Ming , Fan Zhi Shan
Published: March 2013

Non halogen flame retardant researches have achieved great progress; however, theoretical works are much lagged. Here we show a model of an efficient Flame Retardant Carpet (e-FRC) based on the synergistic flame retardant system of phosphorus and hydroxyl compounds that can give ABS UL 94 V-0 efficiently. This model is further extended to explain the high efficient flame retardancy of phosphonates by proposing a surfactant structured intermediate from pyrolysis. The smart intermediate self-assembles on charred polymer matrix, forming an anisotropy molecular membrane, with one side of hydrocarbon groups and the other of inorganic groups. The organic side adheres onto polymeric char, and inorganic side facing the fire, forms an Oxygen Shielding Screen (OSS). The OSS together with charred layer underneath constitutes an e-FRC. This e-FRC structure can be found in earlier reports. It can explain all present existing efficient flame retardant systems.
The Synthesis of Ag Doped TiO2 Powders and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Degradation of Organic Dye in Waste Waters
Authors: Jiang Li Ming
Published: March 2013

The Ag/TiO2powders with different Ag contents were synthesized with tetrabutyl titanate as a titanium source and silver nitrate as silver source by sol-gel method, and the Ag contents in the Ag/TiO2powders were 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5 %, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, and 4% (mole ratio) respectively. Meanwhile, Rhodamine B was used as target degradant to value the photocatalytic activity of Ag/TiO2powders, the effects of Ag contents, the calcination temperature and calcination time on the photocatalytic activity were disscussed The results show that catalytic activity of the Ag/TiO2powders prepared with the Ag content of 2%, calcination temperature of 450 °C and calcination time of 2 hours exhibited the best photocatalytic activity, which was ascribed to the abundant electron traps in favor of the separation of the photoinduced electron-hole pairs.
System Optimization for Prism Based Stereovision
Authors: Cui Xiao Yu , Lim Kah Bin , Kee Wei Loon , Guo Qi Yong
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we proposed a method for analyzing and optimizing the prism based single-lens stereovision system so that the pictures captured by this system are adequate for the application of stereovision. We first analyzed this system from the standpoint of system setup and parameters selection. Then we introduced a method to calculate the FOV of the prism based single-lens stereovision system. By adding some restricted condition, we redefined the area of FOV and gave a detailed connection between FOV and captured picture to obtain the appropriate image pair for stereovision.
A Study on the Testing System and Method for Li-Ion Power Battery
Authors: Han Liang , Xiao Feng , Liu Yong Ming
Published: March 2013

The shortage of energy prompts Li-ion battery to become the new alternative energy. In order to master battery characteristics, solve the battery safety problems and prolong service life, it is necessary to research essentially the battery performance, cycle life and capacity, which can provide the basis for the development of battery management system. In this paper, we build a set of Li-ion power battery testing system of charging and discharging according to the existing equipment, test the battery pack through a combination of the hardware and software, and put forward a set of complete testing method. Then on the basis of the test data and the relation curve between Li-ion power battery capacity and cycle times, we have proved that the testing system and testing method are effective.
Production of Highly Efficient Photocatalytic TiO2 Powders by Mechanical Ball Milling
Authors: Oztas Tugce , Park Jongee , Ozturk Abdullah
Published: March 2013

Highly efficient photocatalytic TiO2powders were prepared using a conventional ball mill with various milling times of 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared TiO2powders was evaluated using the decomposition rate obtained by methylene blue (MB) solution and acetic acid gas under UV light irritation. After 24 h milling, the particle size decreased from 555 nm to 122 nm without changing any of the crystal structure. The photocatalytic TiO2powders prepared by 24 h milling decomposed 94% of the methylene blue solution while the non-milled TiO2powders provided only 61% decomposition. After the removal of acetic acid gas, it took 1.5 h for the 24h-milled powders to decompose 100%, while the non-milled TiO2showed 73% decomposition with same UV illumination duration.
Design of the Control System for Laser Guiding AGV
Authors: Yu Zi Qiang , Yin Xiao Hong , Cao Zhao , Yao Bin Bin , Liu Gang , Zhao Han
Published: March 2013

Based on the analysis and design of the entire AGV system, this paper explores the function allocation and module partition of the AGV control system. The on-board control system for AGV is divided into five functional modules such as control, communication, position, safety and driving-steering module, and the hardware choice and designing for each module is described according to the AGV’s overall performance requirements. On this basis, the software structure of AGV is designed, providing a reliable and high-performance experimental platform for AGV motion control algorithm.
Modal FEM Analysis Using Weak Form Equations for a Microgyroscope with Bulk Giant Magnetostrictive Material (GMM) Resonator
Authors: Yang Lei , Cui Feng , Liu Wu , Wu Xiao Sheng , Zhang Wei Ping , Chen Wen Yuan
Published: March 2013

The structure and operation principle of a novel solid MEMS gyroscope with bulk giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) resonator are presented. A finite element method (FEM) for modal analysis of the GMM resonator is employed in which the fundamental magnetoelastic governing equations of the GMM are solved numerically using weak form equations of COMSOL Multiphysics. For a bulk GMM with size of 4×4×4 mm3, it is found that the third order vibration mode with frequency of 182 kHz meets working vibratory mode of the gyro sensor, which is verified by harmonic response analysis. Compared with analogy method which simulates the GMM as piezoceramics, this method is more practically reflect the operation state of GMM resonator of the microgyro due to consideration of Maxwell force in the weak form equations. This paper provides important basis for further full magnetic electromechanical coupling analysis of the microgyroscope.
A Soldering Defect Inspection System of a Special Integrated Circuit Board Based on Computer Vision
Authors: Zhou Cong Ling , Wu Jun Qiang , Wang Yong Qiang , Xu Zeng Pu
Published: March 2013

This paper introduces a soldering defect inspection system for a special integrated circuit board aided by the computer vision. Space occluder is fixed on this special integrated circuit board, which makes the light blocked from the CCD camera to the chip pins to be inspected. This system can inspect the light blocked soldering defects of the chip pins through the structure design of hardware system and the software system. It is a cheap but automatic soldering defect inspecting system, and can do the soldering defect detection instead of manual visual inspection, and improve the detection speed and stability.