bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La representación icónico-alegórica de lo sobrenatural en siete cuentos de aparecidos del Ecuador
Authors: Robalino Vicente
Published: April 2022

En este ensayo se hace un análisis e interpretación de siete cuentos de aparecidos del Ecuador; para ello, el autor parte de la siguiente pregunta: ¿cómo se construye la representación icónico-alegórica de lo sobrenatural en los cuentos seleccionados? Para responder a esta pregunta se analizan los espacios kinésicos y proxémicos de los relatos seleccionados. De estas dos categorías semióticas destaca la imagen icónica, como modeladora de los espacios de lo sobrenatural, unida a los espacios geográficos donde trascurre la acción de estos relatos. De esta relación —espacio natural-espacio geográfico— emergen los efectos fantásticos. Sin embargo, en algunos de estos relatos la presencia dominante de la alegoría-moralizante destruye la percepción de lo fantástico como en “Vico y el duende”, “El enano (duende)” y en gran medida también en “Mariangula”. En cambio, en otros relatos, como “Almita en pena”, se enriquece la imagen icónica de lo sobrenatural con la incorporación del rito y del símbolo.
Effect of human insulin and insulin analogue on some inflammatory markers and total antioxidant capacity in a sample of Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolescents
Authors: Noor Wafaa Hashim  , Kadhim Ali Kadhim  , Abbas Mahdi Rahmah
Published: April 2022

Background: Both human insulin and insulin analogue used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The modification in amino acids sequences of human insulin lead to produce analogue form which have a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics effect near to normal human endogenous

 

insulin release.

Aim of study: This study designed to compare between the effect of each type of insulin on high sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 and total antioxidant capacity in a sample of Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolescents.

Study design: The study was enrolled on fifty-one Iraqi type 1 diabetic children and adolecence age range (6-18) year. The patients allocated into two groups, Group (1) includes 20 patients assigned to receive conventional human insulin (regular and NPH), and Group (2) includes 20 patients assigned to receive insulin analogue (insulin aspart and glargine) for three months. The inflammatory and antioxidant markers measured at baseline and after three months of intervention.

Results: After three months of treatment, both insulin groups did not affect high sensetive C_reactive protein (hs-CRP) significantly from baseline to 3 months. Only insulin analogue reduced Interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly, while human insulin reduced   level of IL-6 but it was not statistically significant. Both therapies reduced total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) significantly; however, insulin analogue had higher reduction percentage (15.1% vs. 5.7%) compared to the conventional insulin.

Conclusion: Only insulin analogue reduced IL-6 significantly. Both types of insulins did not effect on hs-CRP. Both therapies reduce TAOC significantly.
PENGARUH BIAYA PRODUKSI, MODAL KERJA, DAN PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN BARANG JADI TERHADAP LABA KOTOR
Authors: Agung Septiana N  , Bambang Tutuko  , Daram Heriansyah
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh biaya produksi, modal kerja dan perputaran persediaan barang jadi terhadap laba kotor. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang berupa data runtun waktu (time series) dari tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melihat pengaruh biaya produksi, modal kerja dan perputaran persediaan barang jadi. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan cara dokumentasi yaitu berupa data laporan keuangan sub sector otomotif dan komponen yang terdaftar di BEI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya produksi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap laba kotor dengan perolehan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, Modal Kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap laba kotor dengan perolehan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,450 > 0,05.perputaran persediaan barang jadi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap laba kotor dengan perolehan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,158 > 0,05
PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSET, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DAN RETURN ON EQUITY TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SEKTOR INDUSTRI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN DI BEI
Authors: Rahmah Yulianti  , Khairunna
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of return on assets, debt to equity ratio and return on equity to stock prices. This study uses secondary data in the form of time horizon data. This research is a combination of cross-sectional studies with longitudinal studies (timeseries) called panel data or pooled data from 2017 to 2019. This research uses quantitative descriptive analysis method by looking at the effect of return on assets, debt to equity ratio and return on equity. The method of collecting data in this study is by means of documentation, namely in the form of financial statement data for manufacturing companies in the Food and Beverage Industry sector which are listed on the IDX. The results showed that the return on assets has an effect on stock prices with the acquisition coefficient of 0.319, indicating that the effect of return on assets on stock prices is not equal to zero (β2 ≠ 0), the Debt To Equity Ratio has an effect on stock prices with the acquisition coefficient value of 0.442, indicating that the effect of the Debt To Equity Ratio on stock prices is not equal to zero (β3 ≠ 0). Return on Equity has an effect on stock prices with the acquisition coefficient value of 0.644, indicating that the effect of return on equity on stock prices is not equal to zero (β4 ≠ 0). Return On Asset, Debt To Equity Ratio and Return On Equity together have quite a strong influence on stock prices, namely 75.5%, while 24.5% is explained by other variables not explained in this study.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXPORT AND INVESTMENTS ON INSTRUMENTS OF RESERVES IN INDONESIA 2006-2015
Authors: Sakinah  , Farlian Talbani
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the relationship between exports and foreign investment in foreign exchange reserves. This study uses causality design with quantitative methods. The data used in this study are secondary data in the form of time series for the period 2006-2015. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis methods. Based on the simultaneous F test results of exports and foreign investment there is a significant positive effect on inflation. the results of the t test show that exports partially have a significant positive effect on foreign exchange reserves. While foreign investment does not affect foreign exchange reserves.
Peran Edukasi Gizi terhadap Pengetahuan Gizi Seimbang dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Siswa SMA/Sederajat di Banten
Authors: Siregar Mukhlidah Hanun , Koerniawati Ratu Diah
Published: April 2022

Obesity is one of the most common nutritional problems in adolescents. The report from Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas) showed an increase the prevalence of obesity in adolescents, as 7.5% (2013) and 9.5% (2018). Obesity is also a risk factor for degenerative diseases. This activity was held to provide information on balanced nutrition guidelines and physical activity to prevent obesity during the Covid-19 pandemic. Education on balanced nutrition guidelines and physical activity was held by Zoom meeting. The targets of this activity were students in senior high school in Banten. The results showed that there was an increase of average knowledge score after nutrition education, from 7.48 to 14.09, and there was a significant difference between knowledge scores before and after the nutrition education (p value = 0.000). This results shows that the online method using zoom meeting is one of choice for the implementation of nutrition education in the community during the Covid-19 pandemic.
General Principles of Legal, Standard and Methodical Regulation of Radiation Safety
Authors:   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Kochetkov O.A. , Klochkov V.N. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Samoylov A.S. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Shandala N.K. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Barchukov V.G. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Shinkarev S.M. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To present an analysis of the current state of the Russian legal, standard, and methodical regulatory framework of the radiation safety in comparison with up-to-date international recommendations and to propose further ways to improve it. Results: Management of the radiation safety has three levels - legal, standard and methodical. The up-to-date international system for management of the radiation safety is based on the documents of the UNSCEAR, ICRP and IAEA, which are used in national legal, standard, and methodical systems on a voluntary basis. The accumulated more than seventy-five years of experience in the widespread use of nuclear technologies shows its safety. The experience of mitigation of the radiation accidents that took place in the USSR and in Russia, including the largest one - the Chernobyl accident, leaves no doubt that the current system for management of the radiation safety is effective under normal operation of radiation facilities and in emergency situations. At the same time, the analysis shows that the Russian legal, standard, and methodical regulatory framework is based on the concepts, standards, international recommendations of the 1990s. Therefore, regarding many important aspects, they do not correspond to the up-to-date international radiation protection system and they are needed to be harmonized with international approaches in this area. Conclusion: First of all, it is necessary to develop a new federal law “On radiation safety in the Russian Federation” and after that, on its basis, to prepare new documents of the federal level: Radiation safety standards and Basic rules for management of the radiation safety. At the next stage, labour-consuming processing of the regulatory documents of the standardization system in the field of management of the radiation safety of workers, public, patients and the environment is needed to be carried out.
Analysis of the Risk of Death from cerebrovascular Disease of Liquidators of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl NPP, Employees of the Atomic Industry
Authors:   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Shafransky I.L. , Tukov A.R. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Prohorova O.N. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Kalinina M.V. ,   A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Assessment of the risk of death of the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident from cerebrovascular diseases. Material and methods: The risk of death of liquidators of the Chernobyl accident from cerebrovascular diseases (ICD 10: I60-I69.9) was estimated using the Industry Register of persons exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident over a thirty-year period, with a verified dose of external exposure obtained by operating in the 30 km zone of the Chernobyl NPP. The study included men - 12,663 people, 1327 of them have a dose of occupational exposure. Rough relative risks of mortality from cerebrovascular diseases were evaluated for five dose groups based on internal control. At the second stage of the study, all data were stratified by age, dose load and Follow up period. Based on the obtained stratified data file, the Poisson regression procedure was carried out, for which the Epicure AMFIT module was used and the magnitude of the excess relative risk (ERR) of death from cerebrovascular diseases was calculated and the nature of the dose dependence of EI was investigated. A cohort epidemiological study of a group of liquidators of 1986-1990 was conducted over a thirty-year period, depending on the dose, both obtained during the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and during work with radioactive substances (RS) in the profession. Results: For the first time, direct estimates of the radiogenic risk of death from cerebrovascular diseases have been obtained. A risk decrease in this type of death per unit dose was shown for dose loads implemented during the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and professional doses too. Conclusion: Liquidators in the long-term after the work on eliminating the consequences of the accident need generally accepted medical care approaches aimed at preventing and treating such common diseases as cardiovascular diseases. The results can be used in the development of radiation safety regulation.
DEPRESSION RELATIONSHIP WITH BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE ELDERLY AT THE TRESNA WERDHA KHUSNUL KHOTIMAH SOCIAL HOME PEKANBARU IN 2018
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru Indonesia, Anggrainy Vivi , Ainiyah Fakhirah Fitri ,   Faculty of Medicine, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru Indonesia, Putri Nidya Triana ,   Faculty of Medicine, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by constant sadness and loss of interest in activities that are usually liked, accompanied by an inability to carry out daily activities. The Elderly group experiences depression due to physical changes and environmental social conditions. Other risk factors that can cause depression in the elderly include biological factors, marital status, and psychosocial factors. Biological and psychosocial factors have a relationship with changes in the levels of hormones and neurotransmitters in the body. Changes in hormone levels and neurotransmitters can cause changes in blood pressure. Blood pressure is normal if the systolic blood pressure is less than 120 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure is less than 80 mmHg and high blood pressure if the systolic blood pressure is more than 140 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure is more than 90 mmHg. Objective: To determine the relationship of depression to blood pressure in the elderly at the Tresna Werdha Social Home Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru in 2018. Research Methods: The method used in this study is analytic observation with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used the total sampling method, where in this study, the population was a sample, but after the exclusion, the number of samples obtained was 41 respondents. Data collection was carried out by observations made by interviewing respondents using questionnaires and blood pressure measurements using a Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Results: Obtained p values (Sig.) Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure showed several 0.021 and 0.019. This p (Sig.) The value is small of 0.05, and this indicates a significant relationship of depression to blood pressure in the elderly at the Tresna Werdha Khusnul Social Home Khotimah Pekanbaru in 2018. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between blood pressure depression in the elderly at PSTW Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru in 2018.
O feedback como uma poderosa ferramenta para a aprendizagem matemática: uma meta-análise de estudos portugueses
Authors: Santos Leonor
Published: April 2022

O estudo teve por objetivo contribuir para uma compreensão aprofundada sobre as variáveis que podem determinar a eficácia do feedback para a aprendizagem matemática. Optou-se por uma meta-análise de natureza qualitativa de 18 estudos portugueses em Educação Matemática que consideraram o feedback como pelo menos um dos objetos do estudo, e cujo contexto foi a sala de aula de Matemática. Os resultados obtidos permitiram construir um modelo concetual da eficácia do feedback constituído por quatro componentes se interrelacionam entre si: as características do feedback, variáveis decorrentes dos alunos, variáveis do contexto e desafios para o professor.
Carbon limitation in response to nutrient loading in an eelgrass mesocosm: influence of water residence time
Authors: Kaldy JE , Brown CA , Pacella SR
Published: April 2022

Altered primary productivity associated with eutrophication impacts not only ecosystem structure but also the biogeochemical cycling of oxygen and carbon. We conducted laboratory experiments to empirically determine how residence time (1, 3, 10 d) influences eutrophication responses in a simplified Pacific Northwest Zostera marina-green macroalgal community. We expected long-residence time (RT) systems to exhibit eutrophication impairments. Instead, we observed an accumulation of nutrients at all RTs and a shift in the dissolved inorganic carbon speciation away from CO2 (aq) with unexpected consequences for eelgrass plant condition, including shoot mortality. Most metrics responded more strongly to temperature treatments than to RT treatments. No dramatic shifts in the relative abundance of Z. marina and green macroalgae were detected. Z. marina shoot density proliferated in cool temperatures (12°C) with a modest decline at 20°C. Eelgrass loss was associated with high total scale pH (pHT) and CO2 (aq) concentrations of <10 µmol kg-1 CO2 (aq), but not with high nutrients. Z. marina d13C values support the hypothesis that carbon availability was greater at short RT. Further, very low leaf sugar concentrations are consistent with extreme photosynthetic CO2 (aq) limitation. We suggest that the effects of extremely low environmental carbon concentrations (CO2 (aq)) and increased respiration at warm temperatures (20°C) and other physiological processes can lead to internal carbon limitation and shoot mortality. Eutrophication responses to nutrient loading are more nuanced than just light limitation of eelgrass and require additional research on the interaction of the biogeochemical environment and plant physiology to better understand estuarine ecosystem disruption.
RANCANG BANGUN SMARTHOME PENGAMANAN KELISTRIKAN BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Hariyadi Hariyadi , Kamil Mahyessie , Putra Dedi
Published: April 2022

Perkembangan teknologi terus mengalami perubaan, Pemanfaatan jaringan internet telah banyak diterapkan diberbagai bidang, hampir dari semua perangkat elektronik sudah tersambung ke jaringan. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, penerapan teknologi sangat perlu diperhatikan. Dikarenakan kelalaian dan kebutuhan akan pengamanan  pada rumah semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya kontrol serta pemantauan rumah agar menghasilkan keamanan dan kenyamanan yang baik.  alat ini dirancang sitem smarthome pengaman kelistrikan berbasis android, sehingga para penggunanya dapat mengontrol serta memantau rumah agar terjaga dan menghasikan keamanan dan kenyaman yang baik begitu juga kelalian dari pemilik rumah bisa dikurangi seperti kelalaian mematikan lampu teras, dan dapat mengurangi resiko kebakaran yang di akibatkan kebocoran gas. Sistem ini dirancang menggunakan Aplikasi Smartphone sebagai pengontrol sistem dan perangkat NodeMCU sebagai pengirim data antara sistem ke jaringan.Kata Kunci : Smarthome, Pengaman Kelistrikan dan NodeMCU
STRATEGI BELAJAR MENGAJAR DENGAN MENERAPKAN METODE EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN DASAR LISTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA PADA SISWA KELAS X TITL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Afriadi Afriadi
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The use of the experimental method is expected to increase student activity in the teaching and learning process so that in the teaching and learning process there is no saturation of teaching and learning activities, thus students will be physically, emotionally and intellectually involved which in turn is expected to understand the concept of learning taught by the teacher. by students. The problems that want to be studied in this research are: (a) How is the improvement of learning achievement in Basic Electrical and Electronics subjects by applying the experimental method? (b) How is the effect of the Experimental method on student achievement? While the objectives of this research are: (a) Want to know the improvement of student achievement after the implementation of the experimental method. (b) Want to know the effect of student learning motivation after the experimental method is applied. This research uses three rounds of action research. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The target of this research is the students of Class X TITL. The data obtained in the form of formative test results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that student learning achievement increased from cycle I to cycle III, namely, cycle I (47.22%), cycle II (69.44%), cycle III (91.67%). The conclusion of this study is that learning with the experimental method can have a positive effect on achievement and learning motivation of students at SMK Negeri 1 Mandau Kab. Bengkalis, as well as this learning model can be used as an alternative learning in Basic and Electronics subjects.Keywords: Basic Electricity and Electronics, Experimental Method.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINDAKAN TIDAK AMAN PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI TIANG PJU PT KUNANGO JANTAN PADANG
Authors: Eka Fitria Friska , Waldani Dina Waldani
Published: April 2022

Based on survey was conducted at PT. Kunango Jantan (KJ) obtained work accident data in the production section of PJU poles, 10% of work accident cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with unsafe acts on workers in the production section of PJU poles at PT. Kunango Jantan Padang in 2021. This research was conducted at PT. Kunango Jantan in the production of PJU Padang poles in 2021, from February to October. This research is quantitative with cross sectional design, with a population of 65 people. The sampling method in this research is random sampling as many as 39 people. The results of the univariate analysis showed that knowledge of HSE was high (56.4%), training of HSE was not good (53.8%) and supervision of HSE was high (79.5%). The results of the bivariate study showed that there was no relationship between knowledge of HSE with unsafe action (P=0.478), there was no relationship between training of HSE with unsafe action (P=0.823) and there was no relationship between supervision of HSE with unsafe action (p=0.426). It is recommended for further researchers to examine other variables related to unsafe acts such as workload, work stress, work fatigue and it is hoped that the company will further improve the training of workers regarding their work as well as occupational safety and health at PT Kunango Jantan Padang in 2021.Keywords: Knowledge of HSE, training of HSE,  supervision of HSE, unsafe action of HSE
PENGARUH TERAPI HIPNOTIS LIMA JARI TERHADAP KECEMASAN MASYARAKAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI RW 007 KELURAHAN DELIMAKECAMATAN TAMPAN KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Syarifah Anita
Published: April 2022

Anxiety is an emotional state that arises when individuals are stressed and is characterized by feelings of tension, thoughts that make individuals feel worried and accompanied by physical responses. The number of confirmed cases of positive COVID-19 in Riau in 2021 was 31,541 cases. This causes increased anxiety in the community. One way to overcome anxiety is to use five finger hypnosis therapy. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of hypnosis therapy five fingers to the community during a pandemic anxiety Covid-19 in RW 007 Pomegranate Village District of the city of Pekanbaru 2021. Handsome Penel i tian using design quasy -eksperimen tal de ngan draft pre-post test with control group . Data collection was carried out using the Covid Peritraumatic Distress (CPDI) anxiety instrument . The sample was determined by purposive sampling method as many as 30 respondents with 15 intervention groups and 15 control groups. The s analysis was carried out by univariate analysis and bivariate analysis by using the  Paired Sample T Test . Statistical test results obtained p value 0.000 <0.005, it can be concluded that there is an effect of five finger hypnosis therapy on public anxiety. It is expected that the public can apply hip therapy n otis five fingers to overcome anxiety .Keywords: Therapeutic Hypnosis Five Fingers, Anxiety, Covid-19.
HAK GRASI PRESIDEN DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Mene Meydianto
Published: April 2022

The right of clemency by the President as a prerogative/constitutional right in the Indonesian constitutional system still causes a lot of polemics. The right of clemency by the President is regulated in Article 14 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, namely the President grants clemency and rehabilitation by taking into account the considerations of the Supreme Court. The application for clemency is regulated in Law no. 22 of 2002 jo. Law No. 5 of 2010 concerning Clemency. Before making a decision, the President must first consider the considerations of the Supreme Court.Keywords: Clemency Right, President.
Psychedelics Favour Understanding Rather Than Knowledge
Authors: Fink Sascha Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Chris Letheby argues in Philosophy of Psychedelics that psychedelics and knowledge are compatible. Psychedelics may cause new mental states, some of which can be states of knowledge. But the influence of psychedelics is largely psychological, and not all psychological processes are epistemic. So I want to build on the distinction between processes of discovery and processes of justification to criticise some aspects of Letheby’s epistemology of psychedelics. Unarguably, psychedelics can elicit processes of discovery. Yet, I hold, they can hardly contribute either to the epistemic success (i.e., truth, veridicality, aptness, skillfulness, etc.) of a mental state or to processes of justification. As these are central for a mental state to be a state of knowledge and are largely uninfluenced by psychedelics, the contributions of psychedelics to knowledge are rather indirect than direct: The heavy epistemic lifting—what turns a mental state into a state of knowledge—is, in its epistemic aspects, independent of any influence of psychedelics on our psyche. Positively, while the mechanisms that Letheby points to need not be associated with knowledge, they do provide crucial epistemic benefits if they are associated with understanding. Reading them as facilitating understanding covers also those cases where truth or justification is missing and thereby provides a broader picture of the epistemic contributions of psychedelics.
Rhamnolipids as Green Stabilizers of nZVI and Application in the Removal of Nitrate From Simulated Groundwater
Authors: Moura Cinthia Cristine , Salazar-Bryam Ana Maria , Piazza Rodolfo Debone , Carvalho dos Santos Caio , Jafelicci Miguel , Marques Rodrigo Fernando Costa , Contiero Jonas
Published: April 2022

Environmental contamination caused by inorganic compounds is a major problem affecting soils and surface water. Most remediation techniques are costly and generally lead to incomplete removal and production of secondary waste. Nanotechnology, in this scenario with the zero-valent iron nanoparticle, represents a new generation of environmental remediation technologies. It is non-toxic, abundant, cheap, easy to produce, and its production process is simple. However, in order to decrease the aggregation tendency, the zero-iron nanoparticle is frequently coated with chemical surfactants synthesized from petrochemical sources, which are persistent or partially biodegradable. Biosurfactants (rhamnolipids), extracellular compounds produced by microorganisms from hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates can replace synthetic surfactants. This study investigated the efficiency of a rhamnolipid biosurfactant on the aggregation of nanoscale zer-valent iron (nZVI) and its efficiency in reducing nitrate in simulated groundwater at pH 4.0. Two methods were tested: 1) adding the rhamnolipid during chemical synthesis and 2) adding the rhamnolipid after chemical synthesis of nZVI. Scanning electron microscopy field emission, X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Dynamic Light Scattering, and zeta potential measurements were used to characterize bare nZVI and rhamnolipid-coated nZVI. The effects of the type of nZVI and initial NO3 concentration were examined. Nanoscale zer-valent iron with the addition of the rhamnolipid after synthesis achieved the best removal rate of nitrate (about 78%), with an initial nitrate concentration of 25 mg L−1. The results suggest that nZVI functionalized with rhamnolipids is a promising strategy for the in situ remediations of groundwater contaminated by NO3, heavy metal, and inorganic carbon.
Spider-Inspired HCCapture: Beware That What You Are Writing on Mobile Devices Is Becoming Prey for Spiders
Authors: Fu Wei , Zhu Tingting , Chen Jing , Jiang Peidong , He Kun , Zeng Cheng , Du Ruiying
Published: April 2022

On mobile devices, the most important input interface is touchscreen, which can transmit a large amount of sensitive information. Many researchers have proven that sensors can be used as side channels to leak touchscreen interactive information. The research of information leakage in the restricted area has been relatively mature, but in the unrestricted area, still there are two issues to be solved urgently: chirography difference and posture variation. We learn from the way spiders perceive prey through the subtle vibrations of their webs; an unrestricted-area handwriting information speculation framework, called spider-inspired handwriting character capture (spider-inspired HCCapture), is designed. Spider-inspired HCCapture exploits the motion sensor as the side-channel and uses the neural network algorithm to train the recognition model. To alleviate the impact of different handwriting habits, we utilize the generality patterns of characters rather than the patterns of raw sensor signals. Furthermore, each character is disassembled into basic strokes, which are used as recognition features. We also proposed a user-independent posture-aware approach to detect the user’s handwriting posture to select a suitable one from some pretrained models for speculation. In addition, the Markov model is introduced into spider-inspired HCCapture, which is used as an enhancement feature when there is a correlation between adjacent characters. In conclusion, spider-inspired HCCapture completes the handwritten character speculation attack without obtaining the victim’s information in advance. The experimental results show that the accuracy of spider-inspired HCCapture reaches 96.1%.
Neural Network-Based Optimization of an Acousto Microfluidic System for Submicron Bioparticle Separation
Authors: Talebjedi Bahram , Heydari Mohammadamin , Taatizadeh Erfan , Tasnim Nishat , Li Isaac T. S. , Hoorfar Mina
Published: April 2022

The advancement in microfluidics has provided an excellent opportunity for shifting from conventional sub-micron-sized isolation and purification methods to more robust and cost-effective lab-on-chip platforms. The acoustic-driven separation approach applies differential forces acting on target particles, guiding them towards different paths in a label-free and biocompatible manner. The main challenges in designing the acoustofluidic-based isolation platforms are minimizing the reflected radio frequency signal power to achieve the highest acoustic radiation force acting on micro/nano-sized particles and tuning the bandwidth of the acoustic resonator in an acceptable range for efficient size-based binning of particles. Due to the complexity of the physics involved in acoustic-based separations, the current existing lack in performance predictive understanding makes designing these miniature systems iterative and resource-intensive. This study introduces a unique approach for design automation of acoustofluidic devices by integrating the machine learning and multi-objective heuristic optimization approaches. First, a neural network-based prediction platform was developed to predict the resonator’s frequency response according to different geometrical configurations of interdigitated transducers In the next step, the multi-objective optimization approach was executed for extracting the optimum design features for maximum possible device performance according to decision-maker criteria. The results show that the proposed methodology can significantly improve the fine-tuned IDT designs with minimum power loss and maximum working frequency range. The examination of the power loss and bandwidth on the alternation and distribution of the acoustic pressure inside the microfluidic channel was carried out by conducting a 3D finite element-based simulation. The proposed methodology improves the performance of the acoustic transducer by overcoming the constraints related to bandwidth operation, the magnitude of acoustic radiation force on particles, and the distribution of pressure acoustic inside the microchannel.
Canonical Wnt Signaling Promotes Formation of Somatic Permeability Barrier for Proper Germ Cell Differentiation
Authors: Chen Ting-An , Lin Kun-Yang , Yang Shun-Min , Tseng Chen-Yuan , Wang Yu-Ting , Lin Chi-Hung , Luo Lichao , Cai Yu , Hsu Hwei-Jan
Published: April 2022

Morphogen-mediated signaling is critical for proper organ development and stem cell function, and well-characterized mechanisms spatiotemporally limit the expression of ligands, receptors, and ligand-binding cell-surface glypicans. Here, we show that in the developing Drosophila ovary, canonical Wnt signaling promotes the formation of somatic escort cells (ECs) and their protrusions, which establish a physical permeability barrier to define morphogen territories for proper germ cell differentiation. The protrusions shield germ cells from Dpp and Wingless morphogens produced by the germline stem cell (GSC) niche and normally only received by GSCs. Genetic disruption of EC protrusions allows GSC progeny to also receive Dpp and Wingless, which subsequently disrupt germ cell differentiation. Our results reveal a role for canonical Wnt signaling in specifying the ovarian somatic cells necessary for germ cell differentiation. Additionally, we demonstrate the morphogen-limiting function of this physical permeability barrier, which may be a common mechanism in other organs across species.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Original Stilbene Dimers Possessing Wnt Inhibition Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Using the Enzymatic Secretome of Botrytis cinerea Pers.
Authors: Huber Robin , Koval Alexey , Marcourt Laurence , Héritier Margaux , Schnee Sylvain , Michellod Emilie , Scapozza Leonardo , Katanaev Vladimir L. , Wolfender Jean-Luc , Gindro Katia , Ferreira Queiroz Emerson
Published: April 2022

The Wnt signaling pathway controls multiple events during embryonic development of multicellular animals and is carcinogenic when aberrantly activated in adults. Breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in particular depend upon Wnt pathway overactivation. Despite this importance, no Wnt pathway-targeting drugs are currently available, which necessitates novel approaches to search for therapeutically relevant compounds targeting this oncogenic pathway. Stilbene analogs represent an under-explored field of therapeutic natural products research. In the present work, a library of complex stilbene derivatives was obtained through biotransformation of a mixture of resveratrol and pterostilbene using the enzymatic secretome of Botrytis cinerea. To improve the chemodiversity, the reactions were performed using i-PrOH, n-BuOH, i-BuOH, EtOH, or MeOH as cosolvents. Using this strategy, a series of 73 unusual derivatives was generated distributed among 6 scaffolds; 55 derivatives represent novel compounds. The structure of each compound isolated was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds against the oncogenic Wnt pathway was comprehensively quantified and correlated with their capacity to inhibit the growth of the cancer cells, leading to insights into structure-activity relationships of the derivatives. Finally, we have dissected mechanistic details of the stilbene derivatives activity within the pathway.
Nrf2 Activation Protects Against Organic Dust and Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure Induced Epithelial Barrier Loss and K. pneumoniae Invasion
Authors: Shrestha Denusha , Massey Nyzil , Bhat Sanjana Mahadev , Jelesijević Tomislav , Sahin Orhan , Zhang Qijing , Bailey Kristina L. , Poole Jill A. , Charavaryamath Chandrashekhar
Published: April 2022

Agriculture workers report various respiratory symptoms owing to occupational exposure to organic dust (OD) and various gases. Previously, we demonstrated that pre-exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) alters the host response to OD and induces oxidative stress. Nrf2 is a master-regulator of host antioxidant response and exposures to toxicants is known to reduce Nrf2 activity. The OD exposure-induced lung inflammation is known to increase susceptibility to a secondary microbial infection. We tested the hypothesis that repeated exposure to OD or H2S leads to loss of Nrf2, loss of epithelial cell integrity and that activation of Nrf2 rescues this epithelial barrier dysfunction. Primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells or mouse precision cut-lung slices (PCLS) were treated with media, swine confinement facility organic dust extract (ODE) or H2S or ODE+H2S for one or five days. Cells were also pretreated with vehicle control (DMSO) or RTA-408, a Nrf2 activator. Acute exposure to H2S and ODE+H2S altered the cell morphology, decreased the viability as per the MTT assay, and reduced the Nrf2 expression as well as increased the keap1 levels in NHBE cells. Repeated exposure to ODE or H2S or ODE+H2S induced oxidative stress and cytokine production, decreased tight junction protein occludin and cytoskeletal protein ezrin expression, disrupted epithelial integrity and resulted in increased Klebsiella pneumoniae invasion. RTA-408 (pharmacological activator of Nrf2) activated Nrf2 by decreasing keap1 levels and reduced ODE+H2S-induced changes including reversing loss of barrier integrity, inflammatory cytokine production and microbial invasion in PCLS but not in NHBE cell model. We conclude that Nrf2 activation has a partial protective function against ODE and H2S.
Quantitative Lipidomic Analysis of Takotsubo Syndrome Patients' Serum
Authors: Karnati Srikanth , Guntas Gulcan , Rajendran Ranjithkumar , Shityakov Sergey , Höring Marcus , Liebisch Gerhard , Kosanovic Djuro , Ergün Süleyman , Nagai Michiaki , Förster Carola Y.
Published: April 2022

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), also known as the transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome, is in contemporary times known as novel acute cardiac syndrome. It is characterized by transient left ventricular apical akinesis and hyperkinesis of the basal left ventricular portions. Although the precise etiology of TTS is unknown, events like the sudden release of stress hormones, such as the catecholamines and the increased inflammatory status might be plausible causes leading to the cardiovascular pathologies. Recent studies have highlighted that an imbalance in lipid accumulation might promote a deviant immune response as observed in TTS. However, there is no information on comprehensive profiling of serum lipids of TTS patients. Therefore, we investigated a detailed quantitative lipid analysis of TTS patients using ES-MSI. Our results showed significant differences in the majority of lipid species composition in the TTS patients compared to the control group. Furthermore, the computational analyses presented was able to link the altered lipids to the pro-inflammatory cytokines and disseminate possible mechanistic pathways involving TNFα and IL-6. Taken together, our study provides an extensive quantitative lipidome of TTS patients, which may provide a valuable Pre-diagnostic tool. This would facilitate the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of the disease and to prevent the development of TTS in the future.
Angiotensin and Endothelin Receptor Structures With Implications for Signaling Regulation and Pharmacological Targeting
Authors: Speck David , Kleinau Gunnar , Szczepek Michal , Kwiatkowski Dennis , Catar Rusan , Philippe Aurélie , Scheerer Patrick
Published: April 2022

In conjunction with the endothelin (ET) type A (ETAR) and type B (ETBR) receptors, angiotensin (AT) type 1 (AT1R) and type 2 (AT2R) receptors, are peptide-binding class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) acting in a physiologically overlapping context. Angiotensin receptors (ATRs) are involved in regulating cell proliferation, as well as cardiovascular, renal, neurological, and endothelial functions. They are important therapeutic targets for several diseases or pathological conditions, such as hypertrophy, vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and cancer. Endothelin receptors (ETRs) are expressed primarily in blood vessels, but also in the central nervous system or epithelial cells. They regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular homeostasis. Pathogenic conditions associated with ETR dysfunctions include cancer and pulmonary hypertension. While both receptor groups are activated by their respective peptide agonists, pathogenic autoantibodies (auto-Abs) can also activate the AT1R and ETAR accompanied by respective clinical conditions. To date, the exact mechanisms and differences in binding and receptor-activation mediated by auto-Abs as opposed to endogenous ligands are not well understood. Further, several questions regarding signaling regulation in these receptors remain open. In the last decade, several receptor structures in the apo- and ligand-bound states were determined with protein X-ray crystallography using conventional synchrotrons or X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFEL). These inactive and active complexes provide detailed information on ligand binding, signal induction or inhibition, as well as signal transduction, which is fundamental for understanding properties of different activity states. They are also supportive in the development of pharmacological strategies against dysfunctions at the receptors or in the associated signaling axis. Here, we summarize current structural information for the AT1R, AT2R, and ETBR to provide an improved molecular understanding.
Time-Adaptive Transient Stability Assessment Based on the Gating Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Network and Gated Recurrent Unit
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Yao Chenxi , Chen Lele
Published: April 2022

With the continuous expansion of the UHV AC/DC interconnection scale, online, high-precision, and fast transient stability assessment (TSA) is very important for the safe operation of power grids. In this study, a transient stability assessment method based on the gating spatiotemporal graph neural network (GSTGNN) is proposed. A time-adaptive method is used to improve the accuracy and speed of transient stability assessment. First, in order to reduce the impact of dynamic topology on TSA after fault removal, GSTGNN is used to extract and fuse the key features of topology and attribute information of adjacent nodes to learn the spatial data correlation and improve the evaluation accuracy. Then, the extracted features are input into the gated recurrent unit (GRU) to learn the correlation of data at each time. Fast and accurate evaluation results are output from the stability threshold. At the same time, in order to avoid the influence of the quality of training samples, an improved weighted cross entropy loss function with the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) idea is used to deal with the unbalanced training samples. Through the analysis of an example, it is proved from the data visualization that the TSA method can effectively improve the assessment accuracy and shorten the assessment time.
A Novel Approach to Identify and Prioritize the Connections Between Nature and People’s Well-Being in New Zealand
Authors: Ausseil Anne-Gaëlle Elsa , Greenhalgh Suzie , Booth Pam , Lavorel Sandra , Collins Alison
Published: April 2022

Human well-being depends on the Earth’s natural system. While there is awareness of the impact of human activities on the environment, the reverse – nature’s role in human well-being – is usually not as clear. For decision makers and people to recognize the role of nature in human well-being, we need scientific evidence and ways to monitor trends that will ensure environmental policies are well designed and on track for long-term sustainability. We present a participative process to relate nature to human well-being and identify the important contributions from nature to different aspects of well-being. Our process is irrespective of classification systems for nature’s contributions and can use either ecosystem services or nature’s contributions to people (ES/NCP) concepts. Two criteria, impact and substitutability, have been used to rank the importance of the ES/NCP for well-being. We applied our approach in New Zealand, where the government has pioneered a well-being framework to measure wealth beyond GDP. The framework defines current well-being based on twelve domains, with intergenerational well-being dependent on four capitals (social, built, human and natural capital). By using a participative process, we designed a process to identify the important ES/NCP and well-being relationships. Our results showed that regulating ES/NCP contributed to the six broader categories of well-being, with non-material ES/NCP contributing to health, social relations, material well-being, and environmental quality categories. Material ES/NCP, such as food, energy, and timber, contributed mainly to material well-being, with small contributions to social relations and environmental quality well-being categories. This process can raise awareness and help stakeholders recognize the value of nature-based solutions for human well-being. It provides a structured approach to underpin fit-for-purpose indicators for monitoring and reporting the relationship between nature and well-being, target policy initiatives and identify potential trade-offs, and prioritize investment decisions across multiple outcomes.