bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Squamous cell carcinoma of lung presenting as “Sunray sign” in chest radiograph
Authors: Patil Shital , Choudhari Shubham , Dahiphale Jayashree , Narkar Sanika , Raka Vipul , Gondhali Gajanan V
Published: June 2023

Lung cancer is usually diagnosed at a late stage due to a lack of awareness of symptoms to the patient, absence of screening trends by performing chest imaging, and lack of sensitization to the most common radiological signs of lung malignancy to family physicians. Radiological signs will help in suspecting lung cancer earliest and important role in guiding for a protocolized workup to rule out underlying malignancy. “Sunray sign” in chest radiograph is the first time described in the literature and constitutes hilar mass or radiopacity with inhomogeneous linear opacities spreading toward peripheries like sunrays which is the marker of interstitial lymphatic involvement due to the malignant spread of disease. “Sunray sign” is an indicator of underlying lung malignancy with central airway or mainstem bronchus involvement with lymphatic dissemination in linear opacities. In this case report, we have reported a 51-year male presented with cough and hemoptysis with progressive worsening of shortness of breath. Chest X-ray documented round opacity occupying left hilum with linear opacities emerging toward peripheries in lung parenchyma showing typical “Sunray sign.” Bronchoscopy was done after clinical stabilization and showed endobronchial polypoidal growth in the left mainstem bronchus causing partial occlusion of the bronchial lumen. Endobronchial needle aspiration cytology and forceps-guided histopathology suggestive of “squamous cell” type of lung malignancy for “Sunray sign” in our case. A high index of suspicion is a must to rule out underlying malignancy and Bronchoscopy is a “gold standard” test in cases with Sunray signs to confirm the diagnosis.
Comparing the time modality chapter of the Therapeutic Pocket Book (TPB-German, TPB-Hempel and TPB-Allen) with Materia Medica Pura or chronic disease – An exploratory study
Authors: Akbari Dhaval R. , Nigwekar Anoop Mohan
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

Boenninghausen’s generalisation, though time tested, has always been under criticism due to a lack of understanding and clarity of the underlying sound base. As well as, it is known that Dr. Allen has made certain changes in the therapeutic pocket book (TPB) in his edition. Therefore, to explore the possible bases of generalisation of time modality and to study changes done by Allen, this study has been taken up. (1) To study changes in the time modality section across the editions of the TPB. (2) To explore the method adopted by Boenninghausen to generalise time modality rubrics and grading of the remedies. (3) To identify changes in grades of medicines done by Dr. Allen and trace their justification.

Material and Methods:

We compared the rubrics representing time modality and marks allocated to remedies under the time modality section of TPB-German (TPB-G), TPB-Hempel (TPB-H) and TPB-Allen (TPB-A) in three remedies. We also compared the representation of time modalities in Materia Medica Pura or Chronic Disease with grades given to remedies in repertory. The original books (TPB-G and TPB-H) were sourced from the internet and their authenticity was assumed. The TPB-A, Materia Medica Pura and Chronic Disease were physically checked for representation.

Result:

Most of the instances of representation of time modality in the Materia Medica Pura or Chronic Disease matched the markings assigned by Boenninghausen in the original edition. In a few rubrics, Boenninghausen assigned higher markings, which did not match the representation in Materia Medica. Dr. Allen added some rubrics and changed the grades of the medicines.

Conclusion:

Boenninghausen assigned gradings in accordance with Materia Medica most of the time. In some rubrics, there is a mismatch in Materia Medica’s representation and grades of remedies in the time modality section of the repertory, which is assumed to be due to his clinical experience. Boenninghausen has generalised the rubrics and remedies under a particular time modality if it is present in most anatomical parts or systems in Materia Medica Pura or Chronic Disease, so it is justifiable to use the analogy. Dr. Allen’s addition of rubrics was a work in progress; the raises in markings in his repertory need critical study and should be applied with caution in clinical practice.
Bottom-up innovative responses to COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean: addressing deprioritized populations
Authors: Dintrans Pablo Villalobos , Valenzuela Paula , Castillo Claudio , Granizo Yamileth , Maddaleno Matilde
Published: June 2023

Objective.

To identify and describe innovative initiatives implemented as a response to the interruption of health services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Methods.

This was a descriptive study that reviewed 34 initiatives implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in LAC to address health services needs among deprioritized groups. The review of initiatives included four phases: a call for submissions of innovative initiatives from LAC countries; a selection of initiatives that had the ability to address health services gaps and that were innovative and effective; systematization and cataloging of the selected initiatives; and a content analysis of the information collected. Data were analyzed from September to October 2021.

Results.

The 34 initiatives show important variations regarding the target populations, the stakeholders involved, level of implementation, strategies, scope, and relevance of the innovative initiative. There was also evidence of the emergence of a bottom-up set of actions in the absence of top-down actions.

Conclusion.

The findings of this descriptive review of 34 initiatives implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in LAC suggest that systematizing the strategies and lessons learned has the potential to expand learning for re-establishing and improving post-pandemic health services.
Characteristics of jerky made from ground rabbit meat
Authors: Nurwantoro N. , Bintoro V.P. , Susanti S.
Published: June 2023

Jerky is lean meat that is sliced into strips and dehydrated to prevent spoilage. Considering the suitability of rabbit meat for people with heart disease or obesity, this study aimed to characterise jerky prepared from ground rabbit meat (GRM). The characteristic evaluation involved chemical (moisture and total solids), physical (water activity, cooking losses, and colour appearance), and microbiological parameters. Furthermore, the characteristics of jerky prepared from GRM were compared with jerky prepared from sliced rabbit meat (SRM). The utilisation of GRM compared to SRM as raw material in jerky production showed significant differences in the lightness and cooking losses of the final product. There were no significant differences between the jerky made from GRM and SRM in terms of chemical characteristics, water activity, the intensity of red and yellow colour, and microbiological aspects. Jerky prepared using GRM had a brighter colour and greater cooking loss than those jerky prepared using SRM. GRM can thus be used as an alternative raw material in the jerky production process, even though it results in a final product with slightly lower quality.
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitory activity of Indonesian Cajanus cajan leaves and Zingiber officinale extracts
Authors: Wresdiyati T. , Papilaya M.C. , Lailia S.R. , Darawati M. , Sadiah S. , Astawan M.
Published: June 2023

One indicator of antihypercholesterolemic candidates is their inhibitory activity on 3hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase enzyme. This study aimed to analyze the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activities of Cajanus cajan leaves, Zingiber officinale var Amarum and Zingiber officinale var Rubrum. C. cajan leaves and two types of Z. officinale were extracted using the maceration method with three solvents: distilled water, 70% ethanol and 96% ethanol. All nine types of resulted extracts were then analyzed for bioactive compounds and tested for the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity using the HMG-CoA reductase analysis kit (BioVision’s K588-100). It was carried out in vitro using a colorimetric microplate reader with a wavelength of 340 nm at 37°C. The results showed that the extracts contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids. The nine extracts showed inhibitory activities on the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. The three extracts showed the highest inhibitory activity; 70% ethanolic Z. officinale var Amarum extract (47.87%), aqueous Z. officinale var Rubrum extract (40.62%) and 70% ethanolic C. cajan leaves extract (39.38%). These results indicate that the three extracts have a medium inhibitory level of HMG-CoA reductase. The study suggested that the three types of extracts could be used as antihypercholesterolemic candidates such as antihypercholesterolemic functional food.
REFLECTIONS OF INCARCERATED YOUNG ADULTS IN A ROMANIAN DETENTION CENTER
Authors: RAIU Sergiu-Lucian
Published: June 2023

Objective. Young people deprived of their freedom in the custody of education centres or detention centres are aged between 18 and 21, according to the criminal law. The aim of the study is to examine, through structured interviews with young people in a detention centre, how they experience incarceration. Method. The data collection is based on face-to-face structured interviewing. The study includes a group of 22 young people, all males aged 18-22 years, from a detention centre in Romania. They answered about their perception of the activities/programmes they are involved in, their relationship with colleagues and staff and what they would like to improve in the youth detention system. Results. Young people experience the period of incarceration as a challenge they have to face because of the daily routine. Phone communication with loved ones and work and sports activities are what most ease their longing for home and family. They feel betrayed by their friends in the free world and no longer want to be part of the entourage that causes them problems. They long for freedom and family and would like to have the possibility to work, and, and benefit of outings in the community. Conclusions. Intervention programmes for young offenders should focus on promoting healthy lifestyles, positive behavioural change and education programmes aimed at explaining prison policies and practices regarding young offenders' rights and teaching them how to follow up on abuse allegations. Keywords: youth, incarceration, detention centre, experience of freedom deprivation, resources, resilience.
SOCIAL WORK SERVICES FOR AUTISM CHILDREN IN VIETNAM: STATUS QUO AND CHALLENGES
Authors: NGUYEN Anh Phuong , NGUYEN Lan Thi Thai
Published: June 2023

Objectives. The study was designed to explore the current State of social service provision for Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children and their families, analyze the existing problems in the process of providing services to children and their families from the perspective of facility managers and service providers. The research results serve as a basis for reviewing and providing recommendations to promote the effectiveness of social work services in this field. Material and methods. This study applied both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. It employed the quantitative method with surveying of 133 front line social service providers from 15 public and private institutions, and qualitative with desk review and 30 in-depth interviews. Participants were voluntary participating in the study with informed consent. Results. Vietnamese children with ASD and their families have faced many problems and risks, including the lack of opportunities and resources to access support and care services. However, social work services for children with ASD and their families in Vietnam were under-developed compared to special education field and faced many limitations, including a shortage of in-depth intervention and outreach programs, inequality of supportive policies between the public and private service providers. Conclusions. Developing a holistic social work support services to meet the ADS children and families is key to address their current problems and contributing to improving the parents'/ caregivers' care and education for children with ASD. In addition, the Government plays an essential role in issuing guaranteed policies and social security programs. Keywords: children with autism spectrum disorders, families, social work services, service providers.
THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE RESERVE IN PREDICTING COGNITIVE EFFICIENCY
Authors: BUZDUGAN Cătălina , DINCĂ Margareta
Published: June 2023

Objectives. The objective of the study is to assess cognitive reserve and to investigate the role of age and educational instruction level in cognitive efficiency. Material and methods. All 146 participants, 105 women (72%), 41 men (28%), aged 60-96 years (M = 74.61, SD = 7.12), with primary to postgraduate studies (M = 3.08, SD = 1.54) completed the following test battery: questionnaire "Cognitive Reserve Index" (R-IRCq), Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Status-2 (MMSE-2) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results. The educational level as well as the total cognitive reserve index are significant predictors of cognitive efficiency measures. Age and total R-IRCq score cover 32% of MoCA variance. Age and educational level cover 36% of the MoCA variance (adjusted R² = 0.36, F(2.143) = 42.05, p < .001), age (B = - 0.08, β = - 0.27, t = - 3.77) and educational level (B = 0.62, β = 0.43, t = 5.90). Conclusions. An inverse correlation between age and cognitive efficiency has been identified: the older the age of participants, the lower the cognitive efficiency, the stronger the correlation when evaluated by MoCA. Both educational levels and total R-IRCq index partially mediated the effect of age on cognitive performance (MoCA). The assessment of cognitive reserve in older people could be a useful additional measure to integrate existing protocols for the neuropsychological assessment of cognitive decline. Cognitive reserve should also be recognized as a factor, which will influence the rate of cognitive decline after diagnosis. Keywords: MMSE-2, MoCA, cognitive reserve, education, cognitive decline.
PERSONALITY, FAMILY ENVIRONMENT IN THE FAMILY OF ORIGIN, AS WELL AS THE EXISTING CLIMATE WITHIN THE EDUCATIONAL CENTER IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUTH CONVICTED OF VIOLENT CRIMES. PILOT STUDY
Authors: CIURBEA Flavia-Elena
Published: June 2023

Objectives. This pilot study aimed to explore the personality of young people convicted of violent crimes, in relation to a series of variables, such as: family characteristics, the criminogenic potential of the group of friends, the situations of conflict and support experienced by them as a result of interaction with colleagues and employees in the educational center. Material and methods. The sample was made up of 21 boys interned in Buziaș and Târgu Ocna educational centers. The data collection was carried out by the survey method based on questionnaires. For this study, the responses to the 5-Factor Personality Questionnaire were retained. The data analysis was carried out through Little's MCAR test, Chi-Square, T-test, Hedges' g index. Results. Depending on the relationship with the primary caregivers, differences were identified in terms of the variables investigating the level of conscientiousness, amiability and desirability. At the level of the variable investigating autonomy, differences were recorded depending on the criminogenic potential of the group of friends. Regarding the period of deprivation of liberty, participants who came into conflict with colleagues in the educational center showed a lower level of desirability, and those who reported conflicts with employees scored higher for extraversion. At the same time, those who reported moral support from the cadres scored higher on the amiability and desirability scales. Conclusions. The social reintegration steps in the educational centers targeting young people who have committed violent crimes can be adapted depending on the particularities of the family, the group of friends and the young person's relationship with colleagues and employees in the center. The partnership between the staff of the educational centres and the adults with whom the young internees have a close relationship becomes essential. Keywords: personality, delinquency, violence, educational center, social reintegration.
The Role of Competitive Advantage as Mediating The Effect of Strategic Planning on Company Performance
Authors: Soebroto Gatot , Budiyanto Budiyanto
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purposes of this research are to determine the role of competitive advantage as mediating the effect of strategic planning on company performance.

Design/methodology/approach: The steps are first, determine the influence of strategic planning on competitive advantages; second, determine the influence of competitive advantages on company performance, third determine the role of competitive advantages as a mediating variable from the influence of strategic planning on company performance.

Findings: The results showed that strategic planning has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantages and organizational performance. Competitive advantage has a positive and significant effect on organizational performance. Competitive advantage played a role in mediating the effect of strategic planning on company performance.

Research limitations/implications: The research data set had collected using a questionnaire. After the data set had collected, an analysis had been finished using PLS

Practical implications: Strategic planning can improve company performance through increased competitive advantage as an intervening variable.

Originality/value: The paper is original.

Paper type: The type of this research is causal research because the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of variables on other variables.
Virtual reality (VR) in pediatrics: international and russian experience.
Authors:   the urological information portal UroWeb.ru, Shaderkina V.A. ,   Moscow, Russia, Lelyuk A.V. ,   Faculty of Medicine, specialty «Medicine», St. Petersburg State University; Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Altunin D.V. ,   the Medical Department of LLC «Group of companies SM-CLINIC»; Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Virtual Reality (VR) is an interactive-immersive, computer-generated environment or experience that may be estimated as the evolution of existing communication interfaces towards different levels of immersion. Over the past 15 years, VR and AR technologies have been actively introduced into clinical medicine. Children are the most active users of modern gadgets and the Internet, so their compliance with new technology is considered the highest. The purpose. To demonstrate the virtual reality (VR) technologies potential in pediatric practice. Materials and methods. For the review, foreign and domestic publications from 2016 to 2023 were used. An analysis of the VR potential in pediatrics was carried out, its positive effects were identified, as well as unresolved issues both on the part of patients and the scientific and clinical community. Results. The pediatrics niches that are likely to be occupied by VR in the future are in the field of rehabilitation, habilitation, psychiatry, and palliative medicine. It is possible to use VR technologies to enhance pain relief, reduce anxiety, depression in almost all subspecialties of pediatrics. Due to its non-invasiveness, the possibility of combining with pharmacological methods, a high degree of empathy and compliance on the part of pediatric patients is ensured. It is also important to ensure epidemiological safety, which has become very popular during a pandemic. Conclusions. The conducted studies and review of scientific publications demonstrate the high potential of VR virtual reality methods in pediatrics. Decreased investment in knowledge-intensive areas, including the use of VR technologies in medicine, may limit their implementation in clinical practice. It is necessary to unite scientific professional communities to conduct randomized clinical trials with the subsequent development of protocols and clinical guidelines for VR in pediatrics.
Planning in The Perspective of Islamic Education Management (Study of the Qur’an Surah Al-Hasyr [59] verse 18)
Authors: Fadli Adi , Awaluddin Awaluddin
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to find the meaning of planning that is written and implied in the Qur’an, which led to the success of a prophet and apostle, Muhammad saw. Apart from a miracle from Allah swt., one of his successes is managing well. The indicator is found in the planning by the Prophet. In this article, to analyze surah al-Hasyr [59] verse 18 through a qualitative descriptive research method with data sources from the library (library research) and the main data source is the Qur'an, where it was also done with an interpretation approach based on the interpretation of al-Misbah, al-Qurtubi, ath-Thabari, al-Azhar, ibn Kathir, al-Bayan ruh, al-Maraghi, al-Mubin, and al-Qur’an wa I’rabuh wa Bayanuh, it is then related to planning from the perspective of Islamic education management. The results conclude that Islam teaches various aspects of life that cannot be separated from the rules of Allah swt. as stated in the Qur’an surah al-Hasyr [59] verse 18, which explains that the planning must be adjusted to the conditions of the past, present, and future. In preparing a plan, is not only for worldly goals but must go beyond the boundaries of the targets of worldly life. Focus on that planning to achieve the world target of happiness and hereafter so that both can be achieved in a balanced way. Therefore, to predict the future requires careful planning, even though the final result will all happen only by the will of Allah swt.
Transformasi Sosial dalam Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Mela Lita
Published: June 2023

Social Transformation in Islamic Education Perspective of HadithThe social transformation that has a bad or good impact affects various aspects, one of which is the aspect of Islamic education. In Islamic education, the social transformation will occur in harmony with the progress of the world and the development of science. Social transformation can have a positive impact such as digital learning media, hybrid learning models, and a negative impact such as student moral deviation, promiscuity, and hoax news, that are not in accordance with hadith’s perspective. This study will answer all social transformations that occur in Islamic education, both in the form of social transformations that have good impacts and bad impacts, This research applies a curative methodology with a type of literature study sourced from books, journals, and hadith. The results showed that the hadith perspective regarding the development of science or social transformation has a positive impact on the world of education, on Sahih Muslim, Number. 4356 and Number. 3084, Chapter: The Problem of Religion taught by the Messenger of Allah and the difference between religious affairs and his opinion in matters of the world. The hadith perspective on social transformation that has a bad impact on the world of education, in the Hadith of Tirmidzi, Number 2431, BAB: others.
Poligami Pada Keluarga Terdekat Istri (Kajian Metode Hadis Tahlili Pada Hadis Poligami Keluarga Terdekat Istri)
Authors: Hafid Erwin
Published: June 2023

Polygamy in the Wife's Closest Family (Study of the Tahlili Hadith Method on the Wife's Closest Family Polygamy Hadith)Polygamy is a reality that occurs in society with various kinds of pros and cons. Sometimes the permissibility of polygamy is not followed by comprehensive knowledge regarding its aspects, such as the permissibility and prohibition of polygamy/integration with anyone. Sometimes they practice polygamy in the wife's closest family, because of a lack of knowledge of these provisions. This study aims to examine the tahlili (analysis) of hadith regarding the prohibition of mixing women with their closest family. This research method is library research (literary study) with a qualitative research type, focusing on detailed analysis regarding the hadith which prohibits polygamy between women and their immediate family. Both from the aspect of sanad and matnya by using an approach to the science of hadith and the science of syarhu al-hadith in a tahlil way. This study found that from a quality aspect it can be ascertained that this hadith is included in the authentic hadith. Even though it has different editorials, there is no confusion in each of these editorials. In fact, this proves that this hadith has multiple narrators, and that means this hadith is aziz (narrated by two sanad lines). In this study, no asbab wurud was found. This hadith is also considered as the basis for the permissibility of the hadith for interpreting verses of the Qur'an, because in Surat an-Nisa verse 23 it is generally accepted except for brothers and sisters and in this hadith an additional (exception) is given, namely the prohibition of polygamy for wives and aunts. or vice versa. This hadith also contains wisdom about the importance of protecting the feelings of a woman who is married by prohibiting polygamy with the wife's closest family
Avoiding Mistakes in Understanding the Hadith of Prophet Muhammad SAW with Yūsuf Qaraḍāwī's Hermeneutics
Authors: Kamarudin Kamarudin , Sarib Suprijati , M. Arib Juhrah , Putra Sudarmadi , Rahman Rahman
Published: June 2023

This article aims to analyze the methodology for understanding hadīth according to Yūsuf Qaraḍāwī. This study uses library research methods to analyze data. The primary data are Qaraḍāwī's work, while the secondary data are books and journal articles relevant to the topic of this study. The results of this study indicate that Qaraḍāwī offers eight steps to understanding hadīth, namely defining hadīth based on the Qur'ān, collecting hadīth thematically, compromising contradictory hadīths, identifying asbāb al-wurūd of the hadīth, distinguishing changing and unchanging means, differentiating between the literal and figurative language (majāz), recognizing the unseen and the real, and confirming the meaning of the words in the hadīth. Some points that must be avoided in interacting with ṣunnāh are the interpretation of the ignorant, the deviation of the extremes, and the manipulation of the heretics. Furthermore, the basic principles in interacting with ṣunnāh are examining the validity of hadīth based on the scientific principles established by hadīth experts, understanding the editorial hadīth properly according to the language instructions and the context of the hadīth, and ensuring that the matān of the hadīth does not conflict with the nāsh of the Qur'an or other hadīth with a more powerful position
Analisis Leverage dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Pada PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Periode 2016-2020)
Authors: Wilyandi Wilyandi , Arisandi Debby , Wahyuni Eka Sri
Published: June 2023

This research analysis the effect of leverage and profitability on firm value at PT Bank Panin Dubai Syariah for the 2016-2020 period. The main purpose of establishing a company is to maximize shareholder wealth. There are several factors that affect firm value, for example leverage and profitability. This study uses a quantitative approach with time series analysis. Thei results of this study indicate that leverage and profitability have no effect on firm value, while the simultaneous significance test shows that leverage and profitability have an effect on firm value. This means that companies in financing their assets tend to use their own capital (internal financing) which comes from retained earnings and share capital rather than using debt.
Analisis Penilaian Kesehatan Bank Dengan Menggunakan Metode RGEC (Risk, Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital) Pada Bank Umum Syariah Tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Dayyesi Hermika , Rafidah Rafidah , Siregar Erwin Saputra
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the soundness of Islamic Commercial Banks in 2017-2021 by using the measurement method regulated in Bank Indonesia Regulation, PBI No. 13/1/PBI/2011 through the RGEC method is a Risk Profile using credit risk (NPF), liquidity risk (FDR), Earnings (ROA and NIM), and Capital (CAR). In Good Corporate Governance research using data that has been processed and obtained from each Islamic bank. The object of this research is all Islamic Commercial Banks. The sample in this study used purposive sampling. This study uses a quantitative approach sourced from financial reports through the official websites of each Islamic Commercial Bank and OJK. The data used is Time Series data for 2017-2021. Analyzed using Microsoft Excel and formulas in ratios. Based on the results of this study, it shows that the health of commercial banks in terms of the Risk Profile aspect with the ratio of NPF and FDR during 2017-2021 is in a healthy condition, in terms of the GCG aspect of Islamic commercial banks in 2017-2021 is in a healthy condition, in terms of aspects Erning with ROA and NIM ratios for Islamic commercial banks in 2017-2021 is in a very healthy condition, in terms of Capital aspect with CAR ratios for Islamic commercial banks in 2017-2021 in very healthy condition.
Strategi Penyelesaian Non Performing Financing Pada KSPPS BMT di Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Hazmi Faiqul , Sofwan Ali , Hidayat Sholikhul
Published: June 2023

High number of non performing financing (NPF) has a negative impact on Islamic Microfinance (BMT), that problems affect to financial performance in low condition, liquidity problems, as well as difficulties in covering operational costs, difficulties to payback financial obligations, and BMT will eventually losses then will be converted by reducing the amount of capital. That things will be resulting in the threat of sustainability. The aims of this study, are explain the strategies used by BMT`s in Jepara to solve their NPF. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach, this research used purposive sampling, the criteria is the key person in carrying out steps to resolve NPF in their institutions. The research finding is, there are strategies to overcome the problems of high NPF. The strategy used by 2 models, first preventive action in the form of forming strong financing organs and carrying out effective financing analysis second curative action after the financing is disbursed (1) Customer Nurturing (2) Rescheduling, (3) Reconditioning, (4) Restructuring, (5) Collateral Confiscation through litigation and non-litigation. Other findings is (6) The strategy as solution through the organizational path that became afiliation of the KSPPS BMT.
Spin ½ model in statistical mechanics and relation to a truncation of the Riemann ξ function in the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Danilo Merlini , Luca Rusconi , Massimo Sala , Nicoletta Sala
Published: June 2023

In the search for a solution to the Riemann Hypothesis, we have studied an approach that connects the Riemann Problem with physical modeling that refers to statistical mechanics. Thus, we study the relation between a truncation of the Riemann ξ function in the variable z = 1-1/s, where s is the usual complex variable (s=Re(s)+i·Im(s) = ρ + i·t) and the partition function of a ferromagnetic spin 1/2 model on a circle C with long-range interaction, to give a concrete look at a strategy for a possible proof of the Riemann Hypothesis.
Environmental education in the school system at elementary schools in Slovakia
Authors: Piscová Veronika , Lehotayová Jarmila , Hreško Juraj
Published: June 2023

Environmental education (EE) in elementary schools (6 − 15 years old) in Slovakia is not systematically defined, it is often dependent on the voluntary efforts and enthusiasm of teachers. Schoolchildren acquire environmental knowledge in a limited form during the teaching of individual subjects, especially Biology, Geography and to some extent, also Chemistry, Physics etc. In elementary schools, the school subject of EE is absent. Therefore, the aim of the presented study is to find out the current situation in formal and informal EE at elementary schools in Slovakia. We gathered data on formal EE in the form of a google questionnaire survey, in which only 18% of all elementary schools in Slovakia were willing to participate. Through some questions in the google questionnaire, these elementary schools also provided informations about the inclusion of formal, informal and non-formal education at elementary schools. Our SWOT analysis indicate a need for systematic EE in elementary schools, as well as improvements of teaching materials and teacher training in this area. At the same time, we present the EE model at the Rakovec nad Ondavou Elementary School with Kindergarten, which is included in the Green School Network and actively involved in Erasmus projects providing the opportunity to implement part of the study and internships abroad.
Abrasive wear resistance and service life of pipes made of fiber-glass composite
Authors: Ivanov Sergey , Antoshin Vadim , Melnikov Denis , Albagachiev Ali
Published: June 2023

This article presents studies of the abrasive wear resistance of fiber-glass composite pipes inner surface, which are laid us-ing microtunneling technology under construction of drinking water pipes, irrigation and sewerage systems. Due to a very smooth inner surface, the pipes have a high coefficient of fluid flow speed transmission through the pipe and a low coeffi-cient of roughness. When in long-term operation, the movement of water and solid particles through the pipeline eventually causes wear of inner walls of the pipe. The study of data on abrasive wear and abrasive resistance of fiber-glass composite pipes allows calculating the pipeline's operability under controlled conditions, predicting the period of trouble-free opera-tion of pipelines and making a reasonable choice of material for pipeline manufacturing. The objects of the study of glass composite pipes samples were selected, manufactured by LLC «New Pipe Technologies» using the method of continuous winding with an inner layer based on: orthophthalic polyester, isophthalic polyester and vinyl ester resins. The assessment of the overall wear resistance of the inner surface of the pipes was fulfilled using test equipment according to the Darmstadt method (GOST R 55877-2013, method B). This method allows simulating the abrasion and wear of linings and pipes that may occur in real operating conditions. Crushed quartz was used as an abrasive material. According to the results of the research, the arithmetic mean values of wear and safety coefficients of fiber-glass composite pipes were deter-mined depending on the number of test cycles. The data were used to select the most promising material as a polymer matrix for the production of fiberglass pipes both for water supply and sewerage.
Rethinking School Improvement Organizations: Understanding Their Variety, Benefits, Risks, and Future Directions
Authors: Trinidad Jose Eos
Published: June 2023

School practices and policies are often influenced by various research, nonprofit, for-profit, and philanthropic organizations. To help understand their influence, this article provides a framework accounting for the variety of school improvement organizations (SIOs) and summarizes debates regarding their benefits and risks. I cluster SIOs as providing (a) direct school support, (b) research/advocacy, or (c) funding—each with a continuum of organizations underneath them. Studies highlight how SIOs take innovative risks, create improvement networks, and transform school practices. However, they also emphasize the danger of creating challengers to public institutions, the possibility of state retreat, and loss of community input. The article concludes by suggesting ways to use this framework for future studies, assess SIOs’ outcomes, and address their risks.
Artificial Intelligence, Control and Legitimacy. From a General Framework to the Chinese Case
Authors: Gil Olga
Published: June 2023

In this work, a general framework for the analysis of governance of artificial intelligence is presented. A dashboard developed for this analysis comes from the perspective of political theory. This dashboard allows eventual comparisons between democratic and non democratic regimes, useful for countries in the global south and western countries. The dashboard allows us to assess the key features that determine the governance model for artificial intelligence at the national level, for local governments and for other participant actors. The dashboard allows us to appraise aims of AI strategy and aims left aside in alternative strategies. The work shows the theoretical framework could be of use to advance case studies globally, and comparative endeavors. Applying the theoretical dashboard, the case study on China is undertaken. These are the main points the study tackles in the final discussion, conclusion and further recommendations: 1) the complex reality of AI command and control 2) uncertainties about future society and the polity against AI development and 3) particular cultural values enshrined in countries' AI development
Pre-decisional information search adaptively reduces three types of uncertainty
Authors: Spektor Mikhail S. , Wulff Dirk U.
Published: June 2023

How do people search for information when they are given the opportunity to freely explore their options? Previous research has suggested that people focus on reducing uncertainty before making a decision, but it remains unclear how exactly they do so and whether they do so consistently. We present an analysis of over 1,000,000 information-search decisions made by over 2,500 individuals in a decisions-from-experience setting that cleanly separates information search from choice. Using a data-driven approach supported by a formal measurement framework, we examine how people allocate samples to options and how they decide to terminate search. Three major insights emerge. First, pre-decisional information search has at least three drivers that can be interpreted as reducing three types of uncertainty: structural, estimation, and computational. Second, the selection of these drivers of information search is adaptive, sequential, and guided by environmental knowledge that integrates prior expectations, task instructions, and personal experiences. Third, pre-decisional information search exhibits substantial inter-individual heterogeneity, with individuals recruiting different drivers of information search. Together, these insights suggest that human information search is complex in ways that cannot be fully explained by monolithic accounts of information search, including proposals focused on estimation uncertainty or cost–benefit analysis. We conclude that broader theories of human information-search behavior are necessary.
Naturalistic Psilocybin Use Increases Mind Perception but not Atheist-Believer status: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Nayak Sandeep Manel , White Sydney , Hilbert Samantha , Lowe Matthew X , Jackson Heather , Griffiths Roland R. , Garcia-Romeu Albert , Yaden David Bryce
Published: June 2023

Recent studies suggest psychedelic use may be associated with changes in a variety of beliefs or belief-like states, including increased 1) mind perception, 2) non-naturalistic beliefs, and 3) Atheist-Believer status (e.g., believer, agnostic, or non-believer). We conducted a prospective longitudinal study among participants (N = 657) who planned to have a psychedelic experience. We asked participants about their beliefs concerning mind perception of various entities, specific metaphysical positions, and Atheist-Believer status both before and after their experience. Replicating previous findings, we observed increases in mind perception across a variety of living and non-living targets (e.g., plants, animals). However, we found little to no change in metaphysical beliefs (e.g., dualism) or Atheist-Believer status. Taken together, these findings contrast with those from cross-sectional studies that psychedelic experiences result in changes to Atheist-Believer status and non-naturalistic beliefs but support the relevance of mind perception and mentalization.
Determining the Conceptual Independence of Self-Identity in Reasoned Action Models
Authors: Snippe Marwin H. M. , Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram , Kok Gerjo
Published: June 2023

Self-identity was proposed as an extension of the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) and the Theory of Planned Behavior. The authors of the RAA rejected this, because self-identity’s conceptual independence from the three conventional determinants was insufficiently established. Recently, a systematic review on self-identity proposed a new definition and formulation of self-identity items. We assessed whether these items are applicable to multiple health behaviors, in samples from two countries, and assessed self-identity’s conceptual independence while addressing previous studies’ limitations.Participants in six samples (condom use, exercising and drinking alcohol, in America and India, N = 643) completed self-report questionnaires. We operationalized conceptual independence using statistics from explorative factor analysis and correlation coefficients, and assessed the conceptual independence of self-identity, attitude, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control.Results suggested that self-identity was not clearly conceptually independent when compared to the conceptual independence suggested by the original RAA determinants relative to each other.This relative conceptual dependence of the RAA determinants prompted us to revisit the justifications accompanying prior additions of determinants. Using a similar justification, we conclude that self-identity is conceptually independent and propose a self-identity scale that is applicable to a broad range of behaviors, in various cultural contexts.
The treatment of abandonment anxiety with MDMA and LSD
Authors: Turkia Mika
Published: June 2023

This retrospective study presents the case of a young woman in her mid-twenties who suffered from insecurity and abandonment-related anxiety, which intensified after a breakup of her relationship. Her parents' alcoholism and schizophrenia, as well as emotional and physical violence, had been a part of her childhood, but they had appeared 'normal' to her. Her parents and relatives had not benefited from conventional therapies, which led her to conclude that they would not benefit her either. A friend introduced her to psychedelics, which she initially found strange. She participated in a few psilocybin mushroom ceremonies but felt that there was a lack of supportive structure between ceremonies. Subsequently, she found a therapist who utilized Internal Family Systems (IFS) methodology, MDMA, and LSD. In the course of 1.5 years, she attended thirteen sessions with a therapist, eighteen unsupervised self-treatment sessions, and almost weekly additional IFS-only sessions. In the beginning, MDMA was utilized in the sessions; later, it was replaced by LSD. The dosages were relatively high (120-400 mg of MDMA, or 400-600 µg of LSD). The most important experience was a reliving of her birth trauma. She described it as perfectly aligned with the model presented by Stanislav Grof. Its essence was the experience of abandonment, which represented a core around which her whole life had been organized. Becoming conscious of this core made her life history appear understandable and explainable. Typical emotions to process had included deep sorrow and feelings of betrayal. She considered that the process had benefited her enormously, especially because the therapist had extensive personal experience of these medicines as well as the same psychedelic states and types of experience. The therapist had thus been able to provide a clear 'route map' within which her experiences fit. She had resolved her fear of abandonment, ceased to blame herself for her past, and experienced 'grace'. She found that many of her experiences represented allegories of events found in the Bible and religious art. The healing process was still ongoing, with each session producing additional benefits. She considered the process so interesting that she intended to continue it for the rest of her life. Her aim was to stop further transmission of transgenerational trauma. She stated that everyone should go through a similar process.
Zuviel des Guten. Proklamationen und Realitäten der Bildung im Spiegel von Nachhaltigkeit und Transformation
Authors: Hamborg Steffen
Published: June 2023

Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung wird seit ihren Anfängen in den 1990er Jahren von einer scharfen Kritik begleitet. Der Frage nachgehend, woran sich diese entzündet, entfaltet der Beitrag die These, dass nicht Mängel oder Defizite, sondern ein Zuviel des Guten die kritikwürdige Gestalt der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung begründet. In der Folge plädiert der Beitrag für eine doppelte Wendung auf die Praxis von Bildung und Erziehung im Kontext gesellschaftlicher transformationsbestrebungen.
Analysis of Financial Performance of Nepalese Commercial Banks using CAMEL Approach
Authors: Sah Gunja Kumari , Pokharel Shiva Prasad
Published: June 2023

Bank and financial institutions require a method for assessing performance, considering some crucial financial statistics, and identifying strengths and weaknesses. The "CAMEL" model is a effective tool for assessing the performance of bank and financial institution. This model studied Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management quality, Earnings capacity, and Liquidity condition of sample banks. The study has made a modest attempt to use the CAMEL technique to examine the performance of three commercial banks in Nepal from 2011/12 to 2020/21. Rastriya Banijya Bank, a wholly government-owned, Nepal SBI Bank Limited (NSBIL) joint venture, and Prime Commercial Bank Limited (PCBL), privately owned, were considered as a sample banks for the analysis. The result explained that PCBL and NSBIL could keep their risk-weighted assets at more excellent Tier I and II capital levels, demonstrating their financial soundness. This also revealed that NSBIL could support a higher percentage of well-performing loans. RBBL, NSBIL, and PCBL, all BFIs maintained average returns on shareholder equity and returns on assets. It also found PCBL was first in terms of the ratio of liquid assets to total deposits, followed by NSBIL banks and RBBL. In light of this, this research will be tremendously instructive to academics, researchers, and bank management. They can utilize it to create a financial plan for the effectiveness of the bank performance as a whole.
Technology Trends Are Discipline Agnostic
Authors: Sahay Satyam S.
Published: June 2023

An in-depth understanding of technology trends not only keep materials engineers relevant, but also puts them in the driver’s seat when it comes to formulating strategies and executing projects. Some of today’s technology trends that are relevant to materials engineers include data analytics, artificial intelligence (machine learning and deep learning), blockchain, digital thread and digital twins, Internet of Things (IoT) or Industry 4.0, additive manufacturing, electric vehicles, and autonomous vehicles.
Shape Memory Alloy Enables Folding Wings in Flight
Authors: Benafan Othmane
Published: June 2023

The Spanwise Adaptive Wing project intends to obtain a wide spectrum of aerodynamic benefits in flight by folding wings through the use of an innovative and lightweight shape memory alloy.
Titanium: A Historic and Current Perspective, Part I
Authors: Froes Francis H. (Sam) , Imam Ashraf
Published: June 2023

Among the structural materials developed in the 20th century, titanium and its alloys have played a leading role in improving component performance. This article provides background on the extraction and primary processing of titanium.
Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing Industrial R&D Group
Authors: Irissou Eric
Published: June 2023

Led by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), the Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing (CSAM) industrial R&D group brings together the technology supply chain, end users, and OEMs in an effort to develop and adapt cold spray for additive manufacturing and demonstrate feasibility for targeted applications.