bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICES USING TELOS METHOD
Authors: Ningsi Nurfitria , Nuzul Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The government continues to adopt various technologies to ensure effective and efficient public services in the new normal era. This study discusses the use of the TELOS method in measuring the feasibility level of e-government services through a review of five main feasibility dimensions, including technical feasibility, economic feasibility, legal feasibility, operational feasibility and schedule feasibility. This study identifies opportunities for developing village information system projects. The data collection process involved 15 users of e-government services. The results of this study indicate that based on the number of feasibility factors generated by the information system, it is 7.20 and is within the feasible threshold for development. The value of the system development risk obtained is quite low. It is necessary to add interactive features so that it can increase community participation in community services in the future.            Keywords: e-Government; feasibility Analysis; TELOS method;  Abstrak: Berbagai adopsi teknologi terus dilakukan pemerintah untuk menjamin pelayanan publik yang efektif dan efisien di era normal baru. studi ini membahas tentang Penggunaan Metode TELOS dalam pengukuran tingkat Kelayakan layanan e-government melalui peninjauan lima dimensi kelayakan utama antara lain kelayakan teknis, kelayakan ekonomis, kelayakan hukum, kelayakan operasional dan kelayakan jadwal. Studi ini mengidentifikasi peluang pengembangan proyek sistem informasi desa. Proses Pengumpulan data melibatkan 15 pengguna layanan e-government. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan jumlah factor kelayakan yang dihasilkan sistem informasi tersebut sebesar 7,20 dan berada dalam ambang batas layak untuk dikembangkan. Nilai resiko pengembangan sistem yang diperoleh cukup rendah sehingga perlu adanya penambahan fitur-fitur yang bersifat interaktif untuk dapat meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap layanan kemasyarakatan dimasa mendatang. Kata kunci: Analisis Kelayakan; e-Government; Metode TELOS
DESAIGN AND SIMULATION OF ADC CIRCUITS COMPILED BY IC ADC0804 AND IC ADC0809
Authors: Amril Muhammad , Sihombing Panangian Mahadi , Sukarwoto Sukarwoto
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Medan Aviation Polytechnic is one of the campuses under the ministry of transportation which has a major in telecommunication and air navigation engineering in Indonesia. Based on field surveys, an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) practicum kit is needed to improve the ability of cadets. Based on this background, this study aims to design and simulate two ADC circuits, each of which is compiled by the integrated circuit (IC) ADC0804 and IC ADC0809 respectively. Three statistical formulas, namely mean error (ME), standard deviation error (SDE), and root mean square error (RMSE) are used to measure the performance of the two ADC circuits. Both ADC circuits are simulated using a Proteus 8.11 Simulator with 255 analog input voltages. Based on the result of the study, it is known that the ADC circuit compiled by IC ADC0809 is more accurate than the ADC circuit compiled by IC ADC0804. This is evidenced by a smaller error value, which is based on the simulation results of the ME, SDE, and RMSE values were 0.4210, 0.3410, and 0.5110, respectively. And, based on the measurement results, it has ME, SDE, RMSE respectively, namely 0.8510, 0.8110, and 0.9310.            Keywords: ADC; Proteus 8.11 Simulator; IC ADC0804; IC ADC0809; ME; SDE; RMSE  Abstrak: Politeknik Penerbangan Medan adalah salah satu kampus di bawah Kementerian Perhubungan yang memiliki jurusan teknik telekomunikasi dan navigasi udara di Indonesia. Berdasarkan survei di lapangan, kit praktikum konverter analog ke digital diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuat taruna. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mensimulasi dua rangkaian ADC yang masing-masing disusun oleh IC ADC0804 dan IC ADC0809. Tiga formula statistik, yaitu mean error (ME), standard deviation error (SDE), and root mean square error (RMSE) digunakan untuk mengukur kinerja kedua rangkaian ADC tersebut. Kedua rangkaian ADC tersebut disimulasi menggunakan Simulator Proteus 8.11 dengan 255 tegangan masukan analog. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa rangkaian ADC yang disusun oleh IC ADC0809 lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan rangkaian ADC yang disusun oleh IC ADC0804. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan nilai kesalahan yang lebih kecil, yaitu berdasarkan hasil simulasi memiliki ME, SDE, RMSE masing-masing adalah 0,4210, 0,3410 dan 0,5110. Dan berdasarkan hasil pengukuran memiliki ME, SDE, dan RMSE masing-masing adalah 0,8510, 0,8110, dan 0,9310. Kata kunci: ADC; Simulator Proteus 8.11; IC ADC0804; IC ADC0809; ME; SDE; RMSE
Perbedaan Perilaku Altruisme Pada Siswa Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin di MTsN 6 Kota Padang
Authors: Fauziah Siti , Netrawati Netrawati
Published: April 2023

Perilaku altruisme pada siswa sudah mengalami kemunduran terhadap isu-isu yang terjadi di kehidupan sehari-hari yang salah satunya pada tingkat sekolah menengah pertama. Hal ini terlihat bahwasanya terdapat siswa di sekolah yang tidak membantu temannya ketika sedang mengalami kesusahan. Altruisme diartikan sebagai suatu pertolongan yang diberikan secara murni, tulus dan tanpa mengharapkan timbal balik atau balasan dari orang lain dan juga tidak memberikan manfaat apapun bagi dirinya sendiri. Perilaku altruisme dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor internal salah satunya adalah jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku altruisme di MTsN 6 Kota Padang secara keseluruhan, untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku altruisme siswa laki-laki dan perempuan di MTsN 6 Kota Padang dan mengetahui perbedaan perilaku altruisme ditinjau dari jenis kelamin di MTsN 6 Kota Padang. Metode penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif-komparatif dimana subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII dan XI di MTsN 6 Kota Padang yang populasi dari penelitian berjumlah 771 siswa dan sampel sebanyak 265 siswa dengan menggunakan teknik sampel yaitu simple random sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu independent sample t-test dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 20.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa MTsN 6 Kota Padang terdapat perbedaan perilaku altruisme bila ditinjau dari jenis kelamin. Dimana F = 3,108 dengan p = 0,00 < 0,05 artinya ada perbedaan perilaku altruisme siswa ditinjau dari jenis kelamin. Dimana perempuan lebih tinggi perilaku altruismenya dibandingkan laki-laki. Dari hasil penelitian ini yitu terdapat perbedaan perilaku altruisme ditinjau dari jenis kelamin di MTsN 6 Kota Padang.
Analisis Kualitas Stimulasi Tumbuh Kembang Anak Didik pada TK PGRI Arrahmah Subahnala Batukliang
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Najwa Lu'luin , Hasan Hasnun Muda
Published: April 2023

This study aims at determining the quality of the stimulation of religious and moral aspects, the quality of stimulation of the physical-motor aspect, the quality of stimulation of the cognitive aspect, the quality of stimulation of the language aspect, the quality of stimulation of the social-emotional aspect. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the research are: Stimulation of religious and moral values, namely instilling children to worship Allah, and introducing God's creatures, Physical stimulation for motorized paper folding, Stimulation of cognitive aspects of presenting various objects in the form of works, stimulation of social-emotional aspects such as getting children to queue up, pre-writing activities with a variety of stationery and materials according to age levels through play.
KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING UNTUK MEREDUKSI KETERLAMBATAN PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Amelia S Tri Putri , Silvianetri Silvianetri
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors of student delays, follow-up by homeroom teachers, guidance counselors and students as well as the school's efforts to renew school rules regarding sanctions for late students arriving at school. The type of research used is qualitative research using the case study method. In this case study research the data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. The data analysis used was triangulation, both source triangulation and technique triangulation. Data on tardiness was collected through anecdotal notes for each counseling teacher. The research subjects were 9 students who had the highest intensity of lateness at school. To reduce student delays through counseling guidance services, group counseling with cognitive restructuring techniques is considered effective in overcoming these problems. The results of the study showed that 7 students showed very good changes seen through a decrease in the level of lateness to school and tended not to repeat the same behavior. Meanwhile, 2 students need to be assisted with individual counseling and home visits
Injúria hepática induzida por medicamentos em pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Iwaki Mariana Vessoni , Gonçalves Simone Tomás , Louro Estela , Furuzawa Tatiana Aparecida , Santos Fabiane Cocco Salvadego dos , Moura Débora Regina de Oliveira , Cremer Edivaldo , Batistela Vagner Roberto , Comar Francielli Maria de Souza Silva , Cuman Roberto Kenji Nakamura
Published: April 2023

A injúria hepática induzida por medicamentos (DILI – que vem do inglês Drug Induced Liverr Injury) consiste numa lesão ocasionada por medicamentos, ervas e xenobióticos, que levam a alterações hepáticas. A incidência de DILI na pediatria é desconhecida, pois casos são subclínicos ou subnotificados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura para identificar os principais medicamentos envolvidos em DILI na pediatria. Foram identificados 339 artigos nas bases de dados, sendo que 48 foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra e após seleção e elegibilidade totalizou-se 13 artigos. A DILI na pediatria é um desafio pela vasta clínica, diagnóstico difícil e tratamento inespecífico. Foi verificada elevada e heterogênea possibilidade de fármacos que causam dano hepático em crianças. É importante que estudos sejam realizados para garantir melhores resultados quanto ao diagnóstico, prevenção e tratamento, assim como a organização de bancos de dados com informações sobre eventos adversos hepáticos envolvendo o uso de medicamentos na pediatria.
KOMUNIKASI PARIWISATA PERTAMBANGAN KABUPATEN BANGKA
Authors: Ferdiana Ferdiana , Wijayani Isna
Published: April 2023

Akibat dari pertambangan, terjadi perubahan bentang alam yang mengakibatkan kerusakan lingkungan. PT.Timah, Tbk sebagai BUMN yang bergerak di sektor tambang timah berupaya melakukan reklamasi dalam bentuk lain yakni wisata pertambangan diantaranya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengananalisis penerapan komunikasi pariwisata, strategi komunikasi dan kebermanfaatan wisata tambang bagi khalayak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dan kesimpulan penelitian bahwa strategi komunikasi yang telah dilakukan oleh humas PT.Timah, Tbk antara lain mengenal khalayak dengan cara mengidentifikasi tujuan wisata tambang. Lalu pesan disusun dengan tema-tema yang mengusung keunggulan wisata tambang dengan adanya spot-spot instragrammable yang memanjakan mata pengunjung untuk berselfie. Metode penyampaian pesan dengan cara repetisi atau pengulangan, edukatif dan informatif. Sedangkan penggunaan media antara lain media arus utama seperti koran, televisi. Media sosial seperti facebook, intstagram, twitter, youtube. Kebermanfaatan adalah dampak sosial terbukanya lapangan pekerjaan untuk merawat lokasi wisata, dampak lingkungan dan budaya karena masyarakat menjaga historis sebagai bekas aktivitas tambang
The Effect of Anthropogenic Factors on the Biodiversity of the Hilly Terrain of the Zarafshan Valley
Authors: Boymurodov H. , Khodzhaeva N. , Shukurova U. , Belyalov E. , Baratov K.
Published: April 2023

With the progress of science and technology, the ways and forms of human influence on nature are increasing, not only quantitative, but also qualitative changes occur in nature. The biodiversity of the ‘adyr’ (gully) relief zone of the Zarafshan Valley is affected by agricultural land use, pasture use, the creation of new chemicals, intensive use of natural resources, various structures in natural ecosystems and recreational use of nature as anthropogenic factors.
Dynamics of Absorbed Nitrogen Forms in Mountain-Chernozem Soils of Gadabay District of Azerbaijan
Authors: Makhmudova E.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a study conducted in 2015-2017 in Chaldash of Gadabay district on mountain-chernozem soils under Solanum tuberosumculture in rainfed conditions. The dynamics of the accumulation of absorbed nitrogen both in the soil and in the plant was studied, according to the phases of development: budding, flowering and the phase of full ripeness. According to the results of 3 years of research, it was revealed that, depending on the diet, the amount N/NH4, N/NO3 in the soil on the N93P98K126 + 20 t manure variant was 41.02-21.06 mg/kg in the budding phase, and in the phase of flowering and maturation 31.06-31.03 mg/kg and 15.17-7.98 mg/kg. The amount of N/NH4, N/NO3 in the soil in different phases of plant growth increased compared to the control variant. This is due to the fact that the applied organic, mineral and complex fertilizers led to the introduction of nitrogen N/NH4, N/NO3.
Correlation of Types of Fruit Formations, Yield and Economic Indicators of New Breeding Apple Cultures in Azerbaijan
Authors: Sadygov A.
Published: April 2023

The results of a long-term study of biological and economic indicators of new apple breeding varieties, including the number of fruits, fruit weight, yield and comparative economic evaluation of the variety, are presented. Selected by a set of valuable traits for widespread introduction into industrial gardens varieties: Nigar, Zaka, Zafar, Udvi, Watan, Emil, Elvin, Sevinj, Gobustan, Gyzyl taj, Mahmari, Sadaf, Sahil and Shabran.
Effects of NaCl Salt Stress on Biometric Parameters in Pisum Varieties
Authors: Asadova B.
Published: April 2023

Salinity is a major threat to modern agriculture causing inhibition and impairment of crop growth and development. Here, we not only review recent advances in salinity stress research in plants but also revisit some basic perennial questions that still remain unanswered. In this review, we analyze the physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of Na+ and Cl− uptake, sequestration, and transport associated with salinity. We discuss the role and importance of symplastic versus apoplastic pathways for ion uptake and critically evaluate the role of different types of membrane transporters in Na+ and Cl− uptake and intercellular and intracellular ion distribution. Our incomplete knowledge regarding possible mechanisms of salinity sensing by plants is evaluated. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of the mechanisms of ion toxicity leads us to believe that, in contrast to currently held ideas, toxicity only plays a minor role in the cytosol and may be more prevalent in the vacuole. Lastly, the multiple roles of K+ in plant salinity stress are discussed.
Study of the Immune Status of Kyrgyzstan Population Living Under the Exposure to Atmospheric Air Pollutants
Authors: Topchubaeva E. , Kalmatov R. , Abdullaeva Zh. , Ismailov I. , Topchubaeva B.
Published: April 2023

The study of the immune status of the population living in polluted air is relevant, since air pollution caused by transport, industrial facilities adversely affect the state of health and respiratory organs. To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical and instrumental signs of respiratory system disorders in residents of the regions of Kyrgyzstan with varying degrees of air pollution. Research materials and methods: a study was made of the characteristics of atmospheric air in three areas of Kyrgyzstan: in the area of ​​the village. Papan, in the area with. Gulbar of Aravan district and in the area of ​​Osh city in according to GOST17.2.3.01-86. During analysis, dust content, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide was determined. Atmospheric pollution significantly affects the human immune system, creating prerequisites for the development of diseases of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. Thus, a significant effect of atmospheric pollution on the human immune system has been established, the imbalance of the links of which creates prerequisites for development of respiratory system diseases and the cardiovascular system.
Features of Hemostasis Under Conditions of High-Mountain Hypoxia
Authors: Attokurova G. , Maamatova B. , Edilbekova A. , Atamkulova A. , Orunbaeva B.
Published: April 2023

The impact of the blast wave on hemostasis leads to successive hyper and hypocoagulable shifts in the hemostasis system in experimental animals in low mountains (1100 m above sea level) with a tendency to hypofibrinogenemia and a shortening of blood clotting at the 6th, 8th and 10th minutes. Research objectives: to study features of the hemostasis in conditions of high-mountain hypoxia. Research materials and methods: to study the features of the state of hemostasis in conditions of high-mountain hypoxia, a number of experiments on animals (rabbits) were carried out. Were used 60 healthy animals (rabbits) with an average weight of 2500-300 grams. Research results:in animals in the high mountain zone, an increase in the number of platelets was observed, more pronounced than in low mountains, an increase in the adhesive ability (5, 10, 15 m) and aggregation (10, 15 m) of platelets. Conclusions: the action of the blast wave in high altitude conditions caused the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC-syndrome) with a more pronounced hypercoagulable pattern, especially in animals located 5 meters from the center of the explosion.
Development of territorial and recreational systems and organization of rational use of natural resources and their protection in the Carpathian region
Authors: Hutsuliak H. , Hutsuliak Yu.
Published: April 2023

The article considers the development of territorial recreation systems in united territorial communities as an organization of rational use of natural resources and their protection, taking into account the specific territorial features of the Carpathian region — favorable natural landscapes, health opportunities, etc.
The role of magnesium ions for the growth and development of tomatoes when growing in protected soil conditions
Authors: Morozova L.
Published: April 2023

Tomato is one of the main and popular vegetable crops not only in Ukraine, but throughout the world. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), tomatoes occupy the first place in the world in terms of cultivated areas among all vegetables — more than 4 million hectares. In Ukraine, about 93,000 hectares — about 24% of the total area under vegetables — are devoted to this culture. With the advent of high-intensity technologies with the use of drip irrigation systems, tomato yields of 120–140 t/ha in open ground, and more than 50 kg/m2 in sheltered ground, became real. Nowadays, the method of small-volume hydroponics with the use of drip irrigation is becoming more and more widespread in greenhouse farms. As a substrate, special materials are used — mineral wool, coconut, peat, etc. The selected substrate functions as a medium for the roots, feeding is carried out by supplying a fertilizer solution. When growing on a substrate, it is necessary to dose fertilizers very accurately and provide plants with a sufficient amount of nutrients. The paper investigates the effect of the concentration of the macroelement magnesium in the mineral wool substrate on the growth and development of the Campari (cocktail) tomato culture in protected soil conditions. It was established that the photoelectrocolorimetric method for determining the magnesium content in mineral wool hoods is quite sensitive, simple, and recommended for use in serial analyses. The determined content of magnesium salts (72.0 mg/l) turned out to be insufficient for growing tomatoes in the period of mass fruiting. Controlling the magnesium content allows you to significantly prevent tomato chlorosis and obtain high-quality crops.
Some proposals on improvement of legal regulation for tachographs’ usage in road transport
Authors: Nazarenko Mykola , Ageiev Volodymyr , Neborakivskyі Yaroslav ,   SE “State Road Transport Research Institute”,   SE “State Road Transport Research Institute”
Published: April 2023

The probability of death or serious injury in an accident with a road vehicle involved is almost 50% higher compared to other accidents due to the large size and mass of the vehicles involved, as well as due to the fact the driver who fell asleep cannot undertake braking or motion to a side , to avoid a collision or abate an impact. Although it is impossible to calculate the exact number of fatigue-related crashes, studies show that driver fatigue may be a contributing factor in about 20% of all traffic crashes and approximately 25% of all fatal and serious injury crashes. In order to reduce the number of road accidents by means preventing the driving by tired drivers of com-mercial vehicles with a gross weight of more than 3.5 ton, as well as those that carry more than 9 people in the pro-cess of road transportation, tachograph systems have been implemented in many countries. The major documents implementing the tachograph systems (depending on the country) are Regulation (EC) No. 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council or the European agreement concerning the work of crews of vehicles engaged in international road transport (AETR). In order to contribute to the improvement of the level of safety during the internal road transportation of passengers and cargo, Ukraine, in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part, has undertaken to implement the requirements of the Council Regulation (EEC) No. 3821/85 and Regulation (EC) No. 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council in the legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine. When implementing the requirements of the aforementioned Regulations into the legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine, it is necessary to take into account the recent changes to the specified documents, as well as the introduc-tion into the EU legislation of associate documents that are directly related to the aforementioned Regulations. Keywords: road safety, tachograph system.
Practical aspects of implementation of management systems according to the requirements
Authors:   SE “State Road Transport Research Institute”, Ageev Volodymyr , Volkov Oleksandr ,   SE “State Road Transport Research Institute”
Published: April 2023

The practical aspects of the establishment of conformity assessment bodies (OOV) on the basis of SE “DerzhautotransNDIproject” (SRTRI) are described, which are accredited for compliance with the requirements of DSTU EN ISO/IEC 17020, DSTU EN ISO/IEC 17025, use unified documents of management systems, have developed and implemented scientific developments that provide an opportunity to ensure the application in the activities of the OOV: – methods and programs for automated selection and justification of inter-calibration intervals of measuring equipment and test equipment with measuring functions; – the widest range of rules, correctly substantiated by certain calculations, regarding the decision on whether the object of evaluation meets the established requirements; – methods for practical calculation of measurement uncertainty under any conditions (one-time measure-ment, lack of part of necessary input data, etc.). Keywords: accreditation, certificate of accreditation, testing, testing laboratory (TL), testing center of wheeled vehicles (TC KTZ), inspection, National Accreditation Agency of Ukraine (NAAU), inspection body (IO), con-formity assessment body (OOV), state technical inspection, wheeled vehicles (KTZ), management system (SM).
Influence of walking on knee ligament response in car-to-pedestrian collisions
Authors: Chen Wentao , Tang Jisi , Shen Wenxuan , Zhou Qing
Published: April 2023

Pedestrians are likely to experience walking before accidents. The walking process imposes cyclic loading on knee ligaments and increases knee joint temperature. Both cyclic loading and temperature affect the material properties of ligaments, which further influence the risk of ligament injury. However, the effect of such walking-induced material property changes on pedestrian ligament response has not been considered. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the influence of walking on ligament response in car-to-pedestrian collisions. Using Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS) model, knee ligament responses (i.e., cross-sectional force and local strain) were evaluated under several crash scenarios (i.e., two impact speeds, two knee contact heights, and three pedestrian postures). In worst case scenarios, walking-induced changes in ligament material properties led to a 10% difference in maximum local strain and a 6% difference in maximum cross-sectional force. Further considering the material uncertainty caused by experimental dispersion, the ligament material property changes due to walking resulted in a 28% difference in maximum local strain and a 26% difference in maximum cross-sectional force. This study demonstrates the importance of accounting for walking-induced material property changes for the reliability of safety assessments and injury analysis.
Synthetic bacteria for the detection and bioremediation of heavy metals
Authors: Thai Thi Duc , Lim Wonseop , Na Dokyun
Published: April 2023

Toxic heavy metal accumulation is one of anthropogenic environmental pollutions, which poses risks to human health and ecological systems. Conventional heavy metal remediation approaches rely on expensive chemical and physical processes leading to the formation and release of other toxic waste products. Instead, microbial bioremediation has gained interest as a promising and cost-effective alternative to conventional methods, but the genetic complexity of microorganisms and the lack of appropriate genetic engineering technologies have impeded the development of bioremediating microorganisms. Recently, the emerging synthetic biology opened a new avenue for microbial bioremediation research and development by addressing the challenges and providing novel tools for constructing bacteria with enhanced capabilities: rapid detection and degradation of heavy metals while enhanced tolerance to toxic heavy metals. Moreover, synthetic biology also offers new technologies to meet biosafety regulations since genetically modified microorganisms may disrupt natural ecosystems. In this review, we introduce the use of microorganisms developed based on synthetic biology technologies for the detection and detoxification of heavy metals. Additionally, this review explores the technical strategies developed to overcome the biosafety requirements associated with the use of genetically modified microorganisms.
Nanobiotechnological basis of an oxygen carrier with enhanced carbonic anhydrase for CO2 transport and enhanced catalase and superoxide dismutase for antioxidant function
Authors: Bian Yuzhu , Chang Thomas Ming Swi
Published: April 2023

This is a mini review on the biotechnological aspects of the most extensively developed hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers The emphasis is on the most recent Polyhemoglobin-catalase-superoxide dismutase-carbonic anhydrase (PolyHb-CAT-SOD-CA), which is a nanobiotechnological complex that is being investigated and scaled up with the potential for clinical use as nanobiotherapeutics. Hemoglobin, a tetramer, is an excellent oxygen carrier. However, in the body it is converted into toxic dimers. Diacid or glutaraldehyde can crosslink hemoglobin into polyhemoglobin (PolyHb) and prevent its breakdown into toxic dimers. This has been developed and tested in clinical trials. A bovine polyhemoglobin has been approved for routine clinical use for surgical procedures in South Africa and Russia. Clinical trials with human PolyHb in hemorrhagic shock were effective but with a very slight increase in non-fatal myocardial ischemia. This could be due to a number of reasons. For those conditions with ischemia-reperfusion, one would need an oxygen carrier with antioxidant properties. One approach to remedy this is with prepared polyhemoglobin-catalase-superoxide dismutase (PolyHb-CAT-SOD). Another reason is an increase in intracellular pCO2. We therefore added an enhanced level of carbonic anhydrase to prepare a PolyHb-CAT-SOD-CA. The result is an oxygen carrier with enhanced Carbonic Anhydrase for CO2 transport and enhanced Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase for antioxidant functions. Detailed efficacy and safety studies have led to the industrial scale up towards clinical trial. In the meantime, oxygen carriers are being investigated around the world for use in ex vivo biotechnological fluid for organ preservation for transplantation, with one already approved in France.
Development of an anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa therapeutic monoclonal antibody WVDC-5244
Authors: Horspool Alexander M. , Sen-Kilic Emel , Malkowski Aaron C. , Breslow Scott L. , Mateu-Borras Margalida , Hudson Matthew S. , Nunley Mason A. , Elliott Sean , Ray Krishanu , Snyder Greg A. , Miller Sarah Jo , Kang Jason , Blackwood Catherine B. , Weaver Kelly L. , Witt William T. , Huckaby Annalisa B. , Pyles Gage M. , Clark Tammy , Al Qatarneh Saif , Lewis George K. , Damron F. Heath , Barbier Mariette
Published: April 2023

The rise of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections is a crucial health concern in the 21st century. In particular, antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes difficult-to-treat infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, the number of effective therapeutic interventions against antimicrobial-resistant P. aeruginosa infections continues to decline. Therefore, discovery and development of alternative treatments are necessary. Here, we present pre-clinical efficacy studies on an anti-P. aeruginosa therapeutic monoclonal antibody. Using hybridoma technology, we generated a monoclonal antibody and characterized its binding to P. aeruginosa in vitro using ELISA and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. We also characterized its function in vitro and in vivo against P. aeruginosa. The anti-P. aeruginosa antibody (WVDC-5244) bound P. aeruginosa clinical strains of various serotypes in vitro, even in the presence of alginate exopolysaccharide. In addition, WVDC-5244 induced opsonophagocytic killing of P. aeruginosa in vitro in J774.1 murine macrophage, and complement-mediated killing. In a mouse model of acute pneumonia, prophylactic administration of WVDC-5244 resulted in an improvement of clinical disease manifestations and reduction of P. aeruginosa burden in the respiratory tract compared to the control groups. This study provides promising pre-clinical efficacy data on a new monoclonal antibody with therapeutic potential for P. aeruginosa infections.
Properties and microstructure of total tailings cemented paste backfill material containing mining and metallurgical solid waste
Authors: Wang Changlong , Qi Yang , Jing Jianlin , Ma Jintao , Zhou Yongxiang , Ping Haoyan , Zheng Yongchao , Zhai Yuxin , Liu Feng
Published: April 2023

Introduction: In order to improve the utilization efficiency of industrial waste discharged in the process of iron and steel metallurgy, a kind of material that can replace cement for mine filling is sought. In the test, steel slag (SS) and vanadium-titanium slag (VTS) were used as the primary raw materials to prepare cementing agents (CA). Then, combine it with vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) to make mine cemented paste backfill material (CPBM).

Methods: The composition, properties and hydration mechanism of CPBM are studied through various tests, in-cluding mechanical property test, hydration heat test, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic mi-croscopy (SEM), and fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Results: The results show that when the following conditions are met, the slump is 216 mm, and the 28-day flexural strength and compressive strength of CPBM reach 4.25 and 9.41 MPa, respectively, which meets the requirements of Chinese National Standard GB/T 39489-2020 Technical specification for the total tailings paste backfill: the mass percentage SS: VTS: phosphogypsum (PG): dicyandiamide waste slag (DWS) = 31:59:6:4; the content of compound phosphoric acid (CPA) accounts for 4% of the dry material; the cement sand ratio of CPBM is 1:4; the paste mass concentration (PMC) is 80%; and the content of water reducing agent (WRA) is 0.18%.

Discussion: Mechanism studies show that the hydration product of the CA is mainly ettringite (AFt) and C-S-H gel. The addition of CPA promotes the hydration of active minerals in SS and VTS. The existence of PG pro-motes the formation of AFt, and the formation of AFt further promotes the fracture of [AlO4]5− and [SiO4]4− along the bridge oxygen in VTS and SS.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth delinquency: A discontinuous growth analysis
Authors: Li Nan , Quintana Diana , Shelton Matthew , Grigorenko Elena L.
Published: April 2023

Introduction

This study aimed to investigate (a) the immediate and long-term changes in youth offending rates among 138 neighborhoods within a large metropolitan area in the context of COVID-19 and (b) the extent to which the socioeconomic composition of the neighborhoods accounted for variations of the changes.

Methods

Discontinuous growth models were applied to demonstrate the changes in offenses against a person, property offenses, and drug-related offenses one-year prior to, at (March 2020), and one-year following the pandemic.

Results

At the onset of the pandemic, we registered an immediate reduction in offenses against a person and property offenses but not in drug-related offenses. There was a steeper declining trend for property offenses one-year following the pandemic as compared with that one-year prior to the pandemic. The neighborhood concentration of affluence and poverty was not related to the immediate reduction in any type of delinquency.

Discussion

We conclude that the COVID-19 pandemic not only had an abrupt but also an enduring impact on youth delinquency.
Analysis of sperm chromatin packaging and reproductive biomarker to evaluate the consequence of advanced male age
Authors: Bibi Riffat , Jahan Sarwat , Kafeel Qureshi Salma , Razak Suhail , Afsar Tayyaba , Almajwal Ali , Kafeel Qureshi Mashal , Hammadeh Mohammad Eid , Amor Houda
Published: April 2023

In this study, the semen parameters, sperm chromatin integrity, antioxidant enzyme levels, and reproductive hormone levels of subfertile male subjects from Pakistan were assessed in relation to their age. Data on the demographic characteristics of the 750 study participants, including their general health, body mass index (BMI), and reproductive status, were collected from subfertile men from Pakistan. Semen and blood were collected to determine standard semen parameters, sperm chromatin dispersion (Halosperm-SCD), sperm chromatin integrity using toluidine blue (TB) staining, sperm chromatin maturity using chromomycin A3 (CMA3+) staining, and reproductive hormone (FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone levels). The patients were divided into three groups according to their age: Group 1 included male subjects aged 30 years or less (n= 90), Group 2 included male subjects between the ages of 31 and 40 years (n= 330), and Group 3 included male subjects over 40 years of age (n= 330). Conventional semen parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) did not statistically (p> 0.05) differ with increasing male age or between different age groups. When compared to younger men (<30 years), sperm SCD (23.2 ± 0.88%) was significantly (p= 0.01) lower as compared to male patients aged >40 years (26.6 ± 0.6%). The concentration of LH, FSH, and testosterone levels were comparable between the groups (p> 0.05), while a significant (p= 0.04) increase in sperm chromatin immaturity CMA3+ (30 ± 0.71%) was observed in the old age group (>40 years) compared to the <30-year group (26.6 ± 1.03%). A positive association was observed between advanced male age and sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) (r= 0.124,p= 0.001) and decondensation (CMA3+) (r= 0.1,p= 0.009). Despite potential limitations, this study has been carried out with extensive information on the potential risk of male age on sperm integrity. The present study demonstrated the impact of male age on male reproductive health, as these patients had a higher percentage of sperm chromatin damage (SCD) in their semen. Sperm DNA damage assessment will help in the evaluation and diagnosis of the underlying cause of poor fertility and can help clinicians in selecting the right treatment options. Male age is one of the factors that have an impact on the decline in male fertility. As a result, it is preferable for patients receiving assisted reproductive technology to be younger.
Central node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma in the era of near-infrared fluorescence
Authors: Kuczma Paulina , Demarchi Marco Stefano , Leboulleux Sophie , Trésallet Christophe , Mavromati Maria , Djafarrian Reza , Mabilia Andrea , Triponez Frédéric
Published: April 2023

The most common site of lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma is the central compartment of the neck (level VI). In many patients, nodal metastases in this area are not clinically apparent, neither on preoperative imaging nor during surgery. Prophylactic surgical clearance of the level VI in the absence of clinically suspicious lymph nodes (cN0) is still under debate. It has been suggested to reduce local recurrence and improve disease-specific survival. Moreover, it helps to accurately diagnose the lymph node involvement and provides important staging information useful for tailoring of the radioactive iodine regimen and estimating the risk of recurrence. Yet, many studies have shown no benefit to the long-term outcome. Arguments against the prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) cite minimal oncologic benefit and concomitant higher operative morbidity, with hypoparathyroidism being the most common complication. Recently, near-infrared fluorescence imaging has emerged as a novel tool to identify and preserve parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery. We provide an overview of the current scientific landscape of fluorescence imaging in thyroid surgery, of the controversies around the prophylactic CLND, and of fluorescence imaging applications in CLND. To date, only three studies evaluated fluorescence imaging in patients undergoing thyroidectomy and prophylactic or therapeutic CLND for thyroid cancer. The results suggest that fluorescence imaging has the potential to minimise the risk of hypoparathyroidism associated with CLND, while allowing to exploit all its potential benefits. With further development, fluorescence imaging techniques might shift the paradigm to recommend more frequently prophylactic CLND.
Proteome profiling of endogenous and potential S-nitrosylation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liang Feng , Wang Shuang , Guo Yu , Mu Yu , Shang FengJia , Wang Min
Published: April 2023

Background

As a common cancer with high incidence rate and mortality, colorectal cancer (CRC) is seriously threatening human health. S-nitrosylation (SNO) proteins mediated by nitric oxide (NO) has important implications in the genesis, progression, and apoptosis of CRC. It’s worth noting that the SNO proteins also play an important role in the tumor endocrine and metabolic pathways of CRC.

Materials and methods

In this study, the protein extracts of human tissues and cell lines were treated by biotin switch technology and magnetic beads enrichment. The proteomic results of endogenous and potential SNO proteins were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). Through the comparison and analysis of MS results, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, and literatures, some endogenous and potential SNO proteins were identified in CRC, which were closely related to the tumor endocrine and metabolic pathways, the apoptotic signaling pathways, protein maturation, and other biological processes of the proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells.

Results

A total of 19 proteins containing potential or endogenous SNO sites were detected in both human cancer tissue and SW 480 cells. Through the cross validation of MS results, GO analysis, and literatures, several SNO proteins were identified frequently in CRC, such as the actin, cytoplasmic 1 (ACTB), peroxiredoxin-4 (PRDX4), protein S100A8 (S100A8), pyruvate kinase PKM (PKM), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which were closely related to the tumor endocrine and metabolic pathways and the apoptotic signaling pathways of CRC.

Conclusion

Different CRC cells and tissues contained potential and endogenous SNO modified proteins. In addition, some SNO proteins could participate in the proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis of CRC by regulating the tumor endocrine and metabolic pathways.
Prelaryngeal and/or pretracheal lymph node metastasis could help to identify papillary thyroid carcinoma with intermediate risk from unilateral lobe cT1-2N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhu Chun-Rong , Fei Yuan , Liu Hong , Yao Xin-Min , Wu Jian
Published: April 2023

Objective

The study aims to explore the possibility of prelaryngeal and/or pretracheal lymph node metastasis in identifying papillary thyroid carcinoma with more than 5 metastatic central lymph nodes from unilateral lobe cT1-2N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent the initial thyroid surgery for unilateral lobe cT1-2N0 PTC in a single tertiary center between July 2018 to December 2022. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for unilateral lobe cT1-2N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma with more than 5 metastatic central lymph nodes.

Results

A total of 737 patients were included in the study and 399 patients were confirmed to suffer from occult central lymph node metastasis. The larger size of the largest diameter of tumor (> 1cm; OR = 3.3, 95%CI 1.6 – 6.83; p = 0.001), pretracheal lymph node metastasis (OR = 5.91, 95%CI 2.73 – 12.77; p < 0.001), prelaryngeal lymph node metastasis (OR = 3.74, 95%CI 1.73 – 8.1; p = 0.001), ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis (OR = 12.22, 95%CI 3.43 – 43.48; p < 0.001), and contralateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis (OR = 7.68, 95%CI 3.86 – 15.3; p < 0.001) were confirmed to be risk factors for unilateral lobe cT1-2N0 PTC with more than 5 metastatic central lymph nodes. When more than two metastatic prelaryngeal and/or pretracheal lymph nodes occurred, the incidence of more than 5 metastatic central lymph nodes was 71.2%.

Conclusion

Prelaryngeal and/or pretracheal lymph node metastasis could help to identify papillary thyroid carcinoma with more than 5 metastatic central lymph nodes from unilateral lobe cT1-2N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. When more than two metastatic pretracheal and/or prelaryngeal lymph nodes occurred, total thyroidectomy and ipsilateral central lymph node dissection should be performed and contralateral paratracheal lymph node dissection might be also necessary.
The role of GnRH metabolite, GnRH-(1-5), in endometrial cancer
Authors: Cho-Clark Madelaine J. , Watkins Allison , Wu T. John
Published: April 2023

From the time of its discovery and isolation in the mammalian hypothalamus, the decapeptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), has also been found to be expressed in non-hypothalamic tissues and can elicit a diverse array of functions both in the brain and periphery. In cancer, past studies have targeted the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors (GnRHR) as a way to treat reproductive cancers due to its anti-tumorigenic effects. On the contrary, its metabolite, GnRH-(1-5), behaves divergently from its parental peptide through putative orphan G-protein coupled receptor (oGPCR), GPR101. In this review, we will focus on the potential roles of GnRH-(1-5) in the periphery with an emphasis on its effects on endometrial cancer progression.
A sigmoid-based adaptive inertia control strategy for grid-forming inverter to enhance frequency stability
Authors: Huang Renzhi , Dong Chen , Wu Zaijun , Quan Xiangjun , Wang Zichen , Sun Tiankui , Hou Kai
Published: April 2023

Introduction: This paper proposes a sigmoid-based adaptive inertia control strategy for grid-forming (GFM) inverter to enhance frequency stability.

Methods: Firstly, the frequency response characteristics under different disturbances are analyzed theoretically. Then, to solve the problem that fixed inertia leads to a contradiction between the maximum frequency deviation and the setting time, a non-linear inertia regulator is investigated. This non-linear inertia regulator, which is based on an improved sigmoid function, is applied to achieve real-time inertia by the frequency deviation. Moreover, the full-order small-signal model of the system containing the nonlinear inertia regulator is established and thus the stability of the proposed strategy is analyzed.

Result and Discussion: The proposed control strategy is implemented without derivative action, which may suffer from high-frequency noises. Finally, the hardware-inthe-loop (HIL) results verify the remarkable performance of the proposed control strategy.
Assessment of electrified ethylene production via biomass gasification and electrochemical CO reduction
Authors: Klüh Daniel , Nieminen Harri , Melin Kristian , Laari Arto , Koiranen Tuomas
Published: April 2023

The chemical industry needs new methods for sourcing carbon-containing feedstocks from renewable sources to decrease CO2emissions and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Ethylene, a crucial base chemical used for making polymers and ethylene oxide, is primarily produced through steam cracking of fossil feedstocks. However, an evolving technology is the electrochemical reduction of CO2or CO to produce ethylene. The study assesses the environmental, economic and energetic performance of a new biomass-based process that produces ethylene based on the electrochemical reduction of CO. The results are based on mass and energy balances from process simulation. The CO is produced by either gasification of biomass or combustion of biomass with CO2capture and CO2electrolysis. Besides ethylene, the process produces acetic acid, ethanol, oxygen and hydrogen as by-products which are purified and sold. The annual output varies between 36 and 68 kt ethylene with a biomass input of 157 kt. The levelized cost of ethylene ranges from 3,920 to 7,163 €/t with the gasification routes being the most cost-effective. The ethylene price is heavily dependent on electricity price, current density, operating voltage, and by-product prices. The carbon efficiency of the gasification-based routes is lower (64%) than the combustion-based routes (85%–86%). However, the energy efficiency is higher for the gasification-based routes (42%) compared to the combustion-based routes (28%). Conversion of ethanol to ethylene increases the ethylene yield with minimal impacts on the ethylene price. In terms of CO2emissions, the gasification-based routes show lower emissions. Scenarios using wind power show a significant emission reduction potential compared to fossil products.