bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corrigendum to: Betaine ameliorates high glucose-induced oxidative stress in granulosa cells
Authors: Abnosi Mohammad Hussein , Tabandeh Mohammad Reza , Mosavi-aroo Fatmeh
Published: May 2023

Context:In diabetes, abnormalities of granulosa cells (GCs) and steroidogenesis are associated with hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress. Betaine has beneficial effect in experimental model of diabetes by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Aims:In this study we investigate the effects of betaine to prevent oxidative stress in GCs induced by high glucose and improve steroidogenesis. Methods:Primary GCs, isolated from ovarian follicles of C57BL/6 mice were cultured in 5mM (control) and 30mM (hyperglycaemia) of glucose and in presence of 5mM of betaine for 24h. Then antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde, oestradiol and progesterone were measured. In addition, the expression of Nrf2 and NF-κB, antioxidant enzymes (Sod1, Gpx and Cat) were analysed by qRT-PCR assay. Key results:We observed significant (P<0.001) up-regulation of NF-κB and down-regulation of Nrf2 due to high concentration of glucose. Also significant (P<0.001) down-regulation of related antioxidant genes (Cat, Sod1 and GPx) and activity reduction of these enzymes as well as significant (P<0.001) elevation of malondialdehyde was observed. In addition, betaine treatment compensated the drastic effect of high glucose induced oxidative stress via down-regulating the expression of NF-κB and up-regulating the expression of Nrf2, Cat, Sod1 and GPx. It was also shown that betaine in the presence of FSH significantly (P<0.001) restored the oestradiol and progesterone level. Conclusion:Betaine compensated the antioxidant stress in mouse GCs under hyperglycaemic condition via regulation of Nrf2/NF-κB at transcription level. Implications:As betaine is a natural product and no side effect has been reported to today, we suggest more research needs to be carried out especially on patients whom suffer from diabetes to find the probability of using betaine as a therapeutic agent.
Long-term monitoring and modelling of pasture regeneration and water quality from a Bothriochloa pertusa site in the Great Barrier Reef catchments
Authors: Stokes Chris , Bartley Rebecca , Abbott Brett N. , Hawdon Aaron A. , Kinsey-Henderson Anne E.
Published: May 2023

There has been considerable investment in grazing land management in Australia’s Great Barrier Reef catchments targeted at improving off-site runoff and water quality. This study used a systems modelling framework to analyse an 18-year monitoring data set from an Indian couch (Bothriochloa pertusa) dominated hillslope flume site in the Burdekin catchment, Australia. The analyses show important functional differences in B. pertusa pastures, relative to the native tussock pastures they replaced, with implications for how they are monitored and managed: (1) rates of landscape recovery were far slower than rates of degradation. In the practical time frames of most land managers, transition to a B. pertusa state is effectively irreversible, so historical management practices will have to adapt; and (2) transformations in pasture composition and structure can lead to misinterpretation of monitored trends in ground cover (a common proxy for land condition). At 50% pasture cover, B. pertusa pastures have only 33% of the biomass of local tussock pastures. Where B. pertusa invasions are occurring, inferences from positive associations between changes in cover and landscape function can break down: increases in ground cover can instead be accompanied by decreases in biomass, productivity, and runoff retention. The paper contributes an initial calibration of the GRASP pasture grazing systems model for a transformed B. pertusa site, capturing the observed relationships between grazing management, pasture biomass, ground cover and water quality. This serves as a starting point from which these landscapes, of growing extent and concern in Great Barrier Reef catchments, can be better represented in monitoring and modelling assessments, and for revised management options to be explored. The calibrated model was able to accurately represent long-term average runoff and sediment yield (both within 2% of observed) but was only able to adequately represent the year-to-year variation in runoff (not sediment).
Cyclogram: an effective method for selecting frequency bands for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings
Authors: Li Bo , Xu Xuefang , Tan Hang , Shi Peiming , Qiao Zijian
Published: May 2023

Frequency band selection for repetitive transient extraction using the kurtogram and its variants plays a vital role in fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings. However, cyclostationarity, one of the most typical symptoms of faulty bearings, is always neglected in these methods, leading to failure of the extraction of the weak fault features. To address this shortcoming, a novel method for selecting frequency bands, called Cyclogram, is here proposed based on kurtosis and cyclostationarity. In the proposed method, a signal is decomposed into several signals in different frequency bands by a wavelet packet transform, and squared envelopes (SEs) are calculated for these decomposed signals. Then, a robust indicator of SEs for evaluating repetitive transients is constructed based on cyclic spectral coherence and kurtosis, which helps to select useful frequency bands. Afterwards, the envelope spectrum of these selected frequency bands are averaged rather than only selecting one frequency band to enhance fault features. Compared with traditional fault-diagnosis methods for rolling element bearings, the proposed method is able to identify faults from signals corrupted seriously with Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise. The effectiveness of Cyclogram is validated based on simulation and three real-world vibration signals from faulty bearings.
Structural and optical properties of rare earth doped Zn2SnO4 nano-composites prepared via Sol-gel synthesis
Authors: Kadari Ahmed , Aissaoui Khaled , El-Mesady Intesar A
Published: May 2023

Doped with different rare earth elements (Dy3+, Sm3+, Yb2+, Eu3+ and Gd2+), Zn2SnO4 nano-structures were synthesized using sol-gel method. Dopants were introduced in the prepared samples at concentrations 2 mol%. X-Rays Diffraction (XRD) results checked the crystallographic nature of the prepared materials. Using Scherrer’s equation, the particles sizes were calculated and found to be almost 24 nm. The chemical bond types were identified through the Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The dopants effect on the absorbance spectra was explored via the UV-Visible spectroscopy. The energy band gap (E
opt) of Zn2SnO4 decreased (from 3.89 eV to 2.80 eV) with dopants addition for direct transitions and was in the range of 3.93 to 2.25 eV for indirect transitions. Similarly, Urbach energies (EU) were found within the range 0.70–0.42 eV. The effect results of the suggested dopants at those concentrations on the structure and optical properties of Zn2SnO4 could be considered to be utilized in the correct form in the industrial applications.
Caputo-Hadamard fractional chaotic maps
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Chen Jiaxin , Zhou Wenquan
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we proposed a new fractional two dimensional trigonometric combined discrete chaotic mapping (2D-TCDCM) and a fractional 2-D Kawakami map within Caputo-Hadamard fractional difference. We observed the dynamic behaviours of the proposed Caputo-Hadamard fractional maps, including fractal graph, maximum lyapunov exponent, phase trajectory and randomness test. We illustrate the advantage of using Caputo-Hadamard fractional difference. As a conclusion, we get the condition of the proposed fractional map to behave chaotically with physics background.
Polar gravitational waves in f(R, T

ϕ
) framework
Authors: Siddiqa Aisha , Manzoor Rubab , Kamal Arsal
Published: May 2023

This work analyzes the propagation of polar gravitational waves for flat FRW cosmic background and in view of f(R, T

ϕ
) theory. In what follows, we opt for the Regge-Wheeler polar perturbation scheme in flat geometry of background spacetime and corresponding scalar, field source is also perturbed. The two sets of field equations for flat and perturbed geometry are constructed and furthermore used to evaluate perturbation parameters. The obtained expressions suggest that polar fluctuations affect both geometry and scalar field. The radial and temporal parts of perturbation parameters χ and σ are plotted explicitly while the behavior of ψ is observed via a numerical solution plotted as a 3D graph. The change in these fluctuations for different values of model parameter λ is noticed through these plots.
Alkaline earth based antiperovskite AsPX3 (X = Mg, Ca, and Sr) materials for energy conversion efficient and thermoelectric applications
Authors: Rani Upasana , Kamlesh Peeyush Kumar , Joshi Tarun Kumar , Sharma Sheetal , Gupta Rajeev , Al-Qaisi Samah , Verma Ajay Singh
Published: May 2023

Antiperovskite were created by swapping ionic positions in the perovskite ABX3 crystal composition. These have great potential for renewable energy devices owing to their low band gap, low cost, and high absorption with Pm-3m space group. Herein, the authors have investigated inherent properties such as bulk modulus and its pressure derivatives, lattice constant, the density of states, band gap, effective mass, refractive index, dielectric constant, extinction coefficient, and absorption coefficient, thermoelectric parameters etc of antiperovskite materials by using density functional theory-based first-principles calculations. These materials exhibit high absorption in the Visible, Ultraviolet region and also in the Near Infrared region which is the most admirable property acquired by various Optoelectronic devices. The proposed compounds have been found mechanically and thermodynamically stable. Their high figure of merit makes them a potential candidate for thermoelectric devices. The proposed material AsPCa3 with a theoretical efficiency of 34% is expected to be a good photovoltaic absorber material.
Astrometric microlensing of primordial black holes with Gaia
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Rentala Vikram
Published: May 2023

The Gaia space telescope allows for unprecedented accuracy for astrometric measurements of stars in the Galaxy. In this work, we explore the sensitivity of Gaia to detect primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter through the distortions that PBHs would create in the apparent trajectories of background stars, an effect known as astrometric microlensing (AML). We present a novel calculation of the lensing probability, and we combine this with the existing publicly released Gaia eDR3 stellar catalog to predict the expected rate of AML events that Gaia will see. We also compute the expected distribution of a few event observables, which will be useful for reducing backgrounds.
Assuming that the astrophysical background rate of AML like events due to other sources is negligible, we then compute the potential exclusion that could be set on the parameter space of PBHs with a monochromatic mass function. We find that Gaia is sensitive to PBHs in the range of 0.4 M
⊙–5 × 107 M
⊙, and has peak sensitivity to PBHs of ∼ 10 M
⊙ for which it can rule out as little as a fraction 3 × 10-4 of dark matter composed of PBHs. With this exquisite sensitivity, Gaia has the potential to rule out a PBH origin for the gravitational wave signals seen at LIGO/Virgo. Our novel calculation of the lensing probability includes for the first time, the effect of intermediate duration lensing events, where the lensing event lasts for a few years, but for a period which is still shorter than the Gaia mission lifetime. The lower end of our predicted mass exclusion is especially sensitive to this class of lensing events. As and when time-series data for Gaia is released, and once we have a better understanding of the astrophysical background rate to AML signals, our prediction of the lensing rate and event observable distributions will be useful to estimate the true exclusion/discovery of the PBH parameter space utilizing this data.
Fractal dimension to characterize interactions between blood and lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Jeong Donghyun Paul , Montes Daniel , Chang Hsueh-Chia , Hanjaya-Putra Donny
Published: May 2023

Spatial patterning of different cell types is crucial for tissue engineering and is characterized by the formation of sharp boundary between segregated groups of cells of different lineages. The cell−cell boundary layers, depending on the relative adhesion forces, can result in kinks in the border, similar to fingering patterns between two viscous partially miscible fluids which can be characterized by its fractal dimension. This suggests that mathematical models used to analyze the fingering patterns can be applied to cell migration data as a metric for intercellular adhesion forces. In this study, we develop a novel computational analysis method to characterize the interactions between blood endothelial cells (BECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), which form segregated vasculature by recognizing each other through podoplanin. We observed indiscriminate mixing with LEC−LEC and BEC−BEC pairs and a sharp boundary between LEC−BEC pair, and fingering-like patterns with pseudo-LEC−BEC pairs. We found that the box counting method yields fractal dimension between 1 for sharp boundaries and 1.3 for indiscriminate mixing, and intermediate values for fingering-like boundaries. We further verify that these results are due to differential affinity by performing random walk simulations with differential attraction to nearby cells and generate similar migration pattern, confirming that higher differential attraction between different cell types result in lower fractal dimensions. We estimate the characteristic velocity and interfacial tension for our simulated and experimental data to show that the fractal dimension negatively correlates with capillary number (Ca), further indicating that the mathematical models used to study viscous fingering pattern can be used to characterize cell−cell mixing. Taken together, these results indicate that the fractal analysis of segregation boundaries can be used as a simple metric to estimate relative cell−cell adhesion forces between different cell types.
Electron Bernstein wave aided Hermite cosh-Gaussian laser beam absorption in collisional plasma
Authors: Varma Ashish , Mishra S P , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Asheel
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we theoretically study the electron Bernstein wave aided Hermite-Cosh-Gaussian laser beam absorption in collisional plasma with a static magnetic field. This laser beam may have the potential to couple the pre-existing electron Bernstein wave with the coupled wave frequency

ω
1

=
ω
+

ω
0

and wave number

k
1

=
k
+

k
0

where

ω

and

ω
0

are the electron Bernstein wave and laser beam frequencies, respectively, and

k

and

k
0

are the electron Bernstein wave and laser beam wave numbers, respectively. The plasma electron oscillatory velocities associated with the coupled wave mode produce the linear and nonlinear current density. An expression for the nonlinear absorption coefficient of an electron Bernstein wave aided Hermite cosh-Gaussian laser beam is analytically derived and more concisely discussed via different relative graphs. The graphical results promise that the absorption coefficient is strongly dependent on Hermite mode index m, beam decentered parameter d associated with the cosh term, laser beam width, laser beam frequency, electron Bernstein wave frequency, electron cyclotron frequency, electron thermal velocity and collisional frequency. Nonlinear coupling, collision phenomena and laser beam decentered parameter (very sensitive parameter) play an important role in absorption processes. The association of a very small electron Bernstein wave frequency with the laser beam causes too much of an increase in the absorption coefficient compared to only the laser beam. This efficient nonlinear absorption process may be applicable to plasma electron heating and the harmonic generation process.
Physical mechanisms of emerging neuromodulation modalities
Authors: Karatum Onuralp , Han Mertcan , Erdogan Ezgi Tuna , Karamursel Sacit , Nizamoglu Sedat
Published: May 2023

One of the ultimate goals of neurostimulation field is to design materials, devices and systems that can simultaneously achieve safe, effective and tether-free operation. For that, understanding the working mechanisms and potential applicability of neurostimulation techniques is important to develop noninvasive, enhanced, and multi-modal control of neural activity. Here, we review direct and transduction-based neurostimulation techniques by discussing their interaction mechanisms with neurons via electrical, mechanical, and thermal means. We show how each technique targets modulation of specific ion channels (e.g. voltage-gated, mechanosensitive, heat-sensitive) by exploiting fundamental wave properties (e.g. interference) or engineering nanomaterial-based systems for efficient energy transduction. Overall, our review provides a detailed mechanistic understanding of neurostimulation techniques together with their applications to in vitro, in vivo, and translational studies to guide the researchers toward developing more advanced systems in terms of noninvasiveness, spatiotemporal resolution, and clinical applicability.
Development of a series of miniaturization device for insulation wrapping of distribution lines
Authors: Wang Haosen
Published: May 2023

With the continuous expansion of the scale of power grid in China, the traditional line inspection method has been difficult to meet the requirements of the future power system, the research and application of line inspection robot has become inevitable.Line inspection robot instead of manual line inspection, not only can avoid unnecessary dangers, but also can complete insulation repair work, inspection inspection efficiency is high [1-2]. This project by 10 kv overhead insulated package unit as the research object, according to the insulation repair the actual situation of the construction site, developed a device used for 10 kv overhead line insulation package, the robot by the ground staff through tablet computer remote control operation, to walk to the on-line control insulation package device to fix position, to repair the cable package on the wire. The whole operation process does not need power outage, so that the robot can replace the manual work to complete the insulation repair of the line [3-4].
Sensorless PMSM control system based on luenberger observer
Authors: Gu DaWei , Liu Tingzheng , Yao Yao , Ye Lunkuan , Xu Huang
Published: May 2023

At present, sensorless becomes a research hit for its lower cost and smaller size, among the present sensorless methods, Luenberger Observer has outstanding advantages for its dynamic performance, parameter robustness and high system stability. In this paper, the model of Luenberger Observer which is based on the state equation of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), and the changes of residence and induce which may lead to the error of the system are also analysed, in order to increase the accuracy of the system, current compensator is also added. In addition, 2 conditions which PMSM runs at low speed and high speed are analysed under the MATLAB model, the results show that the Luenberger Observer has better performance at high speed, but the noisy data of the useful signal is more at low speed.
Long-distance anti-interference self-feedback regulating fire emergency speaker system
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhu Jinfeng
Published: May 2023

Modern building groups are getting larger and larger, and the lines are getting longer and longer, which directly leads to two major problems. One is that the volume of loudspeakers at the end of the line cannot meet the requirements of normal use. If the power is increased, the loudspeakers near the line will howl and self-excite too much. Second, the power of the power amplifier and the number of loudspeakers cannot be matched exactly. It is urgent to develop fire-fighting loudspeakers or emergency broadcasting systems that can be applied to long-distance transmission, having strong anti-interference ability, and can realize automatic adjustment through feedback. This paper develops a set of intelligent fire broadcast system based on distributed power amplifier, which can realize the following functions: it can connect with other platforms and systems through the big data platform, realize cross-platform, cross-system real-time long-distance playback of the broadcasting system, and solve the problem of terminal volume. By switching channels, power control, etc. Using the near-end strategy optimization algorithm based on tailoring, the optimal joint interference avoidance strategy of the system is obtained to solve the problem of environmental noise interference. Based on the deep reinforcement learning algorithm, the problem of matching the power amplifier power and the number of speakers is solved.
A realistic assessment of the prospect of silicon be replaced by other materials for IC applications
Authors: Yuan Yunyang , Li Zhishan , Wang Zikai
Published: May 2023

Silicon is the most common material used in semi-conductor. It can be used to make single crystal silicon wafer. Though it has the widest usage, silicon has high calorific value. Also, the performance loss is high compared to silicon carbide and the operating temperature is relatively low compared to gallium oxide. Luckily, there are several materials that could possibly replace silicon. The first one is 2D semiconductor. The prospective evaluation of 2D semiconductors is high. But now the biggest problem is the low-resistance connections with them. The second one is gallium nitride. It has high hardness, melting point and stability. This makes it a good material for high temperature, high frequency and high power devices. However, excellent property brings high cost. This disadvantage prevents gallium nitride to be widely used. The last one is graphene. It has strong electrical conductivity, ultra-high strength, excellent electrical properties, and strong electron interaction. It has a higher carrier mobility than silicon. While every coin has two sides, producing graphene on a large scale is difficult and expensive. Besides, graphene is highly reactive with oxygen and heat. What’s more, zero band gap nearly makes it impossible to become a semi-conductor material. Even though there are many methods of opening the bandgap, these methods still bring inevitable drawbacks. All in all, there are still many problems to be solved when new materials replace silicon in integrated circuit applications.
Comparison of logistic regression and random forest algorithms for airport’s runway assignment
Authors: Kanjanasurat I , Jungsuwadee W , Lasakul A , Benjangkaprasert C
Published: May 2023

Various automation systems are currently developed using machine learning techniques. It is used to predict and decide on numerous complex tasks in order to reduce the likelihood of human error. Logistic regression is one of the most widely employed machine learning (ML) algorithm. In this study, the accuracy of logistic regression was compared to that of random forest for the assignment of Suvarnabhumi Airport runways to arriving aircraft. The accuracy of the logistic regression model was determined to be 82%, while the accuracy of the random forest model was 77%. Logistic regression was found to be more precise for predicting the appropriate runway to assign to arriving aircraft.
Kinematic and vertex fitting package for the CMD-3 experiment
Authors: Gribanov S.S. , Popov A.S.
Published: May 2023

In this article, we discuss a new software package of
kinematic and vertex fitting for the CMD-3 experiment at
the VEPP-2000 electron-positron collider. The authors describe in
detail the fitting algorithm, parametrization of four-momenta and
trajectories of various particles and present the results of testing
the fitting pakage using events of Monte Carlo simulation of various
 e
+
e
- annihilation processes. The authors also provide several
examples of the fitting package validation using Gaussian
simulation. Although the package discussed in this article is
intended for the CMD-3 experiment, it can also be used in
other experiments. The authors consider the described package as
their first step towards a more universal and rigorous kinematic and
vertex fitting package that can be used in future e
+
e
- 
experiments, such as the Super Charm-Tau factory.
Real-time environmental radiation monitoring based on locally developed low-cost device and unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Folifack Signing Vitrice Ruben , Mbarndouka Taamté Jacob , Kountchou Noube Michaux , Omgba Abanda Zacharie Stève , Yerima Abba Hamadou , Saïdou
Published: May 2023

In this study, a low-cost local device based on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for real-time environmental radiation monitoring is proposed. The device consists of a Geiger-Müller ZP 1200 counter for gamma radiation detection and an appropriate electronic circuit for processing and shaping the detected pulses. The Geiger-Müller detector used is low-cost, insensitive to environmental temperature variations, and can be operated continuously over a long period. Two different methods were performed to calibrate the designed device, namely the use of a programmable nuclear pulse generator for electronic calibration and a Cs-137 gamma-ray calibration source. A long flight time UAV is developed locally with suitable characteristics and adapted to carry the radiation detection device. The designed UAV mainly consists of a multi-flight controller having an intelligent switching system associated with a GPS Module for accurate position-keeping and four heavy lift motors. The use of UAVs has the advantage that it allows measurements to be taken over large areas, even those that are difficult to access, and avoids exposing people to radiation. The flight measurement tests were carried out in the urban area of Yaoundé-Cameroon, at an altitude of 15 to 100 meters with a sweeping speed of about 20 km/h for 36 days from January 01, 2023, to February 06, 2023. The tests showed that the concentrations collected varied between 0.00697 μSv/h and 0.8706 μSv/h, of which 85.71% of data have a concentration below the threshold (0.3 μSv/h) and 14.29% above this threshold. These tests confirm that the developed radiation detection system works properly and is suitable for environmental radiation protection and nuclear safety activities.
Study on the linearity of 20'' dynode and MCP PMTs
Authors: Wu Diru , Luo Fengjiao , Wang Zhimin , Li Min , Xu Jilei , He Miao , Yang Changgen , Heng Yuekun
Published: May 2023

The linearity of charge response is an important feature of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) for physics measurements, especially the newly developed 20'' microchannel plate (MCP) PMT (MCP-PMT). In this paper, in addition to the traditional method of double light sources, we applied another relative method of 20'' PMT to 3'' PMT comparison to measure the linearity of the 20'' dynode and MCP PMTs in pulse mode using a waveform digitizer. The measurements show a good linear response of the two types of 20'' PMTs to 1000 photoelectrons (p.e.). The correlations of the amplitude, rise-time, fall-time, FWHM, baseline recovery, overshoot, and the amplitude ratio of late-puse of the 20'' PMTs were derived from the waveform analysis, where the MCP-PMT shows very different features compared to the 20'' dynode-PMT.
Physics design, fabrication, RF measurement and beam commissioning of a dual beam drift tube linac
Authors: He T. , Wan C. , Liu Z. , Zhang H. , Lu L.
Published: May 2023

A novel type dual-beam drift tube linac (DB-DTL) prototype was firstly designed to prove
the feasibility of the multi-beam type DTL at the institute of modern physics. The physics design,
cavity fabrication, low-power RF measurement, RF conditioning and beam commissioning of the DB-DTL
cavity were completed and presented in this paper. Operating at 81.25 MHz, the DB-DTL was designed
to accelerate 10 mA proton from 0.56 MeV to 2.5 MeV. The field distribution of the DB-DTL cavity
were measured at low RF power level and particle tracing using measured field were done, which
both agree well with the physics design. The measured Q
0 value and the shunt impedance are
11606 and 172 MΩ/m, respectively. The RF conditioning and the first beam commissioning of
the DB-DTL cavity were completed. The beam experiment platform was built at the Lanzhou university
due to the academy research cooperation between the institute of modern physics, Sun Yat-sen
university and Lanzhou university. Based on the existing experiment condition, 2.5 MeV proton
acceleration and measurement were successfully achieved at 42 kW (0.85*Q
0)) RF power of the
DB-DTL cavity, which match the physics design very well.
Ecotourism in the City: A Strategy to Promote Sustainability
Authors: Aryantie M H , Fauzi R , Saragih G S , Junaidi E , Kayat  , Hidayat O
Published: May 2023

The research was conducted to support Sustainable Development Goals number 11 and 15. It proposed a new ecotourism attraction in Kupang city, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Currently, the only scientific tourism site in Kupang is the Oelsonbai Forest. It is a tourist destination with specific visitor characteristics. Oelsonbai functioned as a place for research, ex-situ conservation, and the development of a scientific tourism model. In accordance with its designation, visitors to the Oelsonbai consist of two major groups, namely the research group and the education group. The grounded research results found that Oelsonbai Forest has not been fully explored, and the tourist attraction is concentrated in the Timor deer enclosure, the Rote snake-necked turtle captivation, and the sandalwood nursery. However, 41 bird species from 23 families were found in Oelsonbai and 23% are Timorese species. The diversity of birds in Oelsonbai is a potential object of ecotourism. Birdwatching is an option to add to Kupang’s beach-dominated tourist activities. Based on visitor characteristics, the area potency, and the Oelsonbai’s designated function, birdwatching can be developed as a new ecotourism product in Kupang. This step is a strategy to maintain Kupang as a sustainable city by managing the urban forest ecosystem.
Analysis the Added Value of Sustainable Tilapia Fish Industry of Value Chain Actors in North Sumatera
Authors: Marisa J , Syahni R , Hadiguna RA , Nofialdi Nofialdi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research/study is to identify the actors involved in the value chain, analyze the added value received by each actor, and analyze the value chain of business actors who get the most benefits and related parties in the Toba Samosir Regency. The data analysis used in this research is in the form of qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Qualitative analysis is conducted to describe and analyze the actors involved in the value chain of the tilapia business. Quantitative research is carried out to calculate the costs and benefits used to determine the added value of the business. The results of this study are the flow pattern of the tilapia business value chain, starting from fish cultivators to consumers. The actors involved in the value chain consist of fish farmers, wholesalers, processors of tilapia, and distributors. The added value obtained by each tilapia value chain actor is 18.08% for tilapia cultivators, 5.31% for collectors, 60.76% for tilapia fillet processors, and 15.85% for tilapia fillet processors distributors. The business actor getting the biggest profit in the value chain is the fish processor, Rp. 102,048,667,500 per kg.
The effect of Exserohilum rostratum NMS1.5, Xylariaceae sp. KKL3 and zeolite/chitosan on non-contaminated and contaminated soil
Authors: Hidayat Endar , Khaekhum Saranya , Harada Hiroyuki , Mitoma Yoshiharu , Yonemura Seiichiro
Published: May 2023

This work examined the influence of endophytic fungi strains Exserohilum rostratum NMS1.5 and Xylariaceae sp. KKL3 mixed zeolite/chitosan (ZL-CH) on non-contaminated and contaminated azo dye AR88 soil. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with the LSD test (p<0.05) for 10 treatments consisting of 50 grams of soil (non-contaminated) and 50 grams mixed 5 mg/L of azo dye AR88 (contaminated soil), 0.1-gram ZL-CHand 2 mL of each endophytic fungi. We conducted it under aerobic conditions at room temperature. After 14 days, soil pH, organic carbon (SOC), available P, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were measured. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between treatment and control (soil only). We found that Exserohilum rostratum NMS1.5 and Xylariaceae sp. KKL3 increases soil pH, available P, and cation exchange capacity, then slightly increases when added ZL-CH. However, the treatment with Xylariaceae sp. KKL3 was better than Exserohilum rostratum NMS1.5 for SOC. However, the best treatment was obtained in the absence application of azo dye AR88 for available P and CEC.
Rice production forecasting model in West Kalimantan with factors are rainfall and harvest area
Authors: Aprizkiyandari S , Palupi T
Published: May 2023

Rice production in West Kalimantan fluctuates due to many factors, including harvested area and rainfall. This research aims to form a forecasting model for rice production in West Kalimantan, which is expected to provide an overview of the future and help anticipate the decline in rice production. The research was conducted in the city of Pontianak, West Kalimantan. The data used in this study from BPS-Statistics West Kalimantan, namely rice production, rainfall, and harvested area. The forecasting method used is a multiple linear regression analysis model that ignores random effects and the second model is a panel data regression analysis model that considers random effects. The results showed that the panel data regression analysis model was better in forecasting rice production in West Kalimantan with a goodness of fit is 99%. The results of the panel data regression line plot forecasting show a pattern almost similar to the actual data, with a MAPE value of 7,68%, which means the forecasting results are highly accurate. Based on the result of forecasting with panel data regression model show that the first to third highest rice production forecasting are Sambas, Ketapang and Kubu Raya districts.
Increasing Rice Production of High Elevation Irrigated Rice with Several Location-Specific Technology Packages
Authors: Girsang Setia Sari , Purba Tommy , Girsang Moral Abadi
Published: May 2023

Humbang Hasundutan District is the 9th rice producer in North Sumatra and has the opportunity to increase rice productivity from the 2019 harvest area of 16.3 thousand hectares, which can contribute to 68.2 thousand tons. This potential can still be increased if there is a significant change in attitude and technology adoption. Based on the results of interviews with several farmers who have ≥ 10 years of experience in rice farming in the Humbang Hasundutan District, the problems of rice farmers are still using local varieties that are not qualified and certified; productivity is still low (4.17 t/ha), conventional technique, low human resource capacity, and unavailability of professional farmer institutions. The technology packages introduced in this activity were 7 packages, 3 packages using the Inpari 28 (T1 = NPK, T2 = NPK + Org, T3 = NPK-low P), and 4 packages of local varieties (T4 = NPK, T5 = NPK + Org, T6 = NPK-low P, T7 = farmer) with 4 replications. The study aims to obtain an effective and efficient technology package for increasing rice production in high-elevation irrigated rice. The results showed that the recommendations are packages Inpari 28 with application NPK with low P (T3) and NPK (T4) can increase rice production by 273% and 215% with B/C ratio of 1.72 and 1.23, respectively, compared to the farmers. To support the results, farmers should return 100% of the straw after harvest, plant population> 200,000, young seedlings <20 days after seedling (DAS), proper pest control, and market orientation.
Food Logistic System Policy in Central Java
Authors: Widowati Eny Hari , Risandewi Tri , Hasiholan Bistok , Pertiwi Miranti Dian
Published: May 2023

The regional logistics system known as sislogda is one of Central Java’s leading priority programs to achieve food security and competitiveness. Food availability in Central Java is not continuous, causing price disparities. The implementation of the rice commodity sislogda concept is not yet known. This research aims to Analyze the application of the food sislogda concept policy, the supply chain of food commodities, and the problem of food characteristics for Sislogda. The research was conducted in Central Java, with sample locations in the Regencies of Grobogan, Brebes, Wonogiri, Magelang, and Sragen—data collection techniques using FGDs and surveys with related parties. The analysis used is descriptive and qualitative. Result: 1) Implementation of the Sislogda concept policy can be carried out in Central Java because it has regulations as a driving force for sislogda in the form of sustainable land, water supply, insurance for rice farming and production facilities, capital, and human resource development; 2) Supply Chain: Rice commodities: farmers, grain traders, rice milling units (RMU), Logistic institution service (Bulog_, rice traders and consumers; ii) Red chili and Red Onion: farmers, village collectors, sub-district collectors, wholesalers, consumers; 3) Problems: i) Commodity of rice, preparing products according to SNI standards by logistics actors is still difficult because the partnership between logistics actors has not been written yet, ii) Commodities of red onion and chilies that cannot be produced can cause price disparities between seasons. Conclusion: Regional logistics system (sislogda) for food can be implemented by spurring the implementation of policies. Prepare the availability and quality of food with the standards that have been set and carried out by logistics actors with a written partnership
Effect of land flooding in controlling weeds to several rice varieties in System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Authors: Dwipa Indra , Rozen Nalwida , Kasim Musliar
Published: May 2023

Rice is still a main carbohydrat source for almost Asian people. The System of rice intensification (SRI) method is one effort in increasing rice production. In cultivating rice in this method, weed is the main problem. The research aimed to study the effect of land flooding to control weeds in rice field by using various rice varieties. The research was carried out in public rice field, Kuranji district, Padang, Indonesia. It was conducted from July-September 2019. A block randomized design was used as method in the study. The treatment was rice varieties: Batang Piaman, Panca Redek, PB 42, Batang Pasaman, and Saganggam Panuah. These treatments were replied to three times. The result showed 15 weed species were found in the experiment. According to Summed dominance ratio, Echinochloa crusgalli was the most dominant species in the field (28.05%). For plant height, Saganggam Panuah was the best variety (86.00 cm), and Batang Pasaman was the best one (20.50) for a number of the tiller.
Callus induction of Calotropis gigantea using BAP and 2,4-D in vitro
Authors: Muthi’ah A , Sakya A T , Setyawati A , Samanhudi  , Rahayu M
Published: May 2023

Calotropis gigantea is a plant not widely used but has potential as a medicinal plant. The phytochemical compound can be produced faster using a tissue culture and a combination of growth regulators. The research objectives were to study the effect and determine the best concentration of BAP and 2,4-D in callus induction of Calotropis gigantea. This research was carried out in the Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, from September to November 2021. A month-old Calotropis gigantea stem was used as an explant. The research used three replicates of a completely randomized design with 25 combination treatments. The culture medium was MS with BAP (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 ppm) and 2,4-D (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 ppm) supplements. Parameters observed in this research were callus formation time, callus colour, and callus texture. The results showed that a combination of BAP 0.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1.5 ppm could induce callus faster than other treatments, 6 days. Callus morphology with green color and compact texture resulted from a combination of BAP 1.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1.5 ppm treatment.
Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Alginate Extracted from Sargassum sp
Authors: Irianto Hari Eko , Giyatmi Giyatmi , Fransiska Dina , Nuraelah Almira
Published: May 2023

Scientists have proved alginate which is extracted from brown seaweed, to be able to reduce blood glucose levels in mice. These results indicate that alginate has health benefits. Sargassum sp. is a brown seaweed growing wildly in Indonesian waters and is considered a prospective source of alginate to be developed and used for various purposes. This study aimed to explore the potency of alginate production using Sargassum sp. as raw material, particularly to reveal the physical and chemical properties of alginate obtained. Alginate was extracted using a method developed by Ref. [1]. During the extraction process, alginate yield was determined. The alginate was analyzed for physical parameters (whiteness degree and viscosity) and chemical parameters (moisture content, acid insoluble ash content, ash content, fat content, and protein content). Results showed that the yield of alginate was 20.30%. The whiteness degree and viscosity values of alginate were -31.53 and 47.25 cPs, respectively. At the same time, the moisture content, insoluble acid content, ash content, fat content, and protein content of alginate were 11.76%, 2.28%, 27.55%, 0.18%, and 0.76%, correspondingly. The alginate was classified as low viscosity and suitable for processing various foods, including functional food, by taking the health benefits of alginate.
The Use of Pregelatinized Sweetcorn (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt.) in The Production of Instant Corn Bakwan flour Mix
Authors: Panjaitan Robert Pardomuan , Kartikawati Diah , Dyah Ilminingtyas WH.
Published: May 2023

Instant corn bakwan flour is a mixture of various flours with mixed spices so that it is practical in its production. This study aimed to determine the effect of pregelatinized sweet corn flour substitution on the physicochemical properties of instant corn bakwan flour. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments, namely the substitution of pregelatinized sweet corn flour 0% as a control (T0), 5% (T1), 10% (T2), 15% (T3), 20% (T4), and 25% (T5). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The data obtained were processed using statistical tests and further tests using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this research on the physical properties of instant corn bakwan flour showed the value of bulk density ranged from 0,77-0,79 g/ml, water absorption capacity of 165,67-187,67%, and solubility of 74,67-88,50%. The results of the chemical properties showed that the water content ranged from 10,67-11,67%, the ash content was 0,58-1,08%, the fat content wash 1,03-4,73%, the protein content was 9,65-10,49%, and carbohydrate content of 73,53-77,15%.. The substitution of pregelatinized sweet corn flour increased water absorption and solubility, protein content, fat content and β carotene of instant corn bakwan flour.
CERN could host next-generation atom interferometer
Authors: Boerkamp Martijn
Published: May 2023

The CERN particle-physics laboratory near Geneva could be an ideal location for a next-generation atom interferometer, according to an international collaboration of researchers.
Astronomy set for radio burst revolution
Authors: van Woerkom Ethan
Published: May 2023

Upgrades to several radio telescopes around the world are set to transform the detection of fast radio bursts, as Ethan van Woerkom reports.
Telecoms expert disconnects from the network
Authors: Chandran Anita
Published: May 2023

Having spent more than 40 years working in optical communications, Michael Robertson is one of the world’s longest-serving experts in the field of fibre-optics. To mark his retirement, he talks to Anita Chandran about cross-disciplinary research, the breakthroughs he made and the good and bad sides of fibre optics in the UK.
Actions of 𝐴𝑙𝑡(𝑛) on groups of finite Morley rank without involutions
Authors: Altınel Tuna , Wiscons Joshua
Published: May 2023

We investigate faithful representations ofAlt⁡(n)\operatorname {Alt}(n)as automorphisms of a connected groupGGof finite Morley rank. We target a lower bound ofnnon the rank of such anonsolvableGG, and our main result achieves this in the case whenGGis without involutions. In the course of our analysis, we also prove a corresponding bound for solvableGGby leveraging recent results on the abelian case. We conclude with an application towards establishing natural limits to the degree of generic transitivity for permutation groups of finite Morley rank.
Non-abelian cohomology of universal curves in positive characteristic
Authors: Watanabe Tatsunari
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we will compute the non-abelian cohomology of the universal complete curve in positive characteristic. This extends Hain’s result on the non-abelian cohomology of generic curves in characteristic zero to positive characteristics. Furthermore, we will prove that the exact sequence of etale fundamental groups of the universal

n
n

-punctured curve in positive characteristic does not split.
Exponential bounds for the logarithmic derivative of Whittaker functions
Authors: Assefa Genet , Baricz Árpád
Published: May 2023

Some well-known results of Grönwall on logarithmic derivative of modified Bessel functions of the first kind concerning exponential bounds are extended to Whittaker functions of the first and second kind

M

κ
,
μ

M_{\kappa ,\mu }

and

W

κ
,
μ

W_{\kappa ,\mu }

. Moreover, a complete monotonicity result is proved for the logarithmic derivative of the Whittaker function

W

κ
,
μ

,

W_{\kappa ,\mu },

and some monotonicity results with respect to the parameters and argument are shown for the logarithmic derivative of

M

κ
,
μ

.

M_{\kappa ,\mu }.

The results extend and complement the known results in the literature about modified Bessel functions of the first and second kind.
On the notion of Laplacian bounds on 𝑅𝐶𝐷 spaces and applications
Authors: Gigli Nicola , Mondino Andrea , Semola Daniele
Published: May 2023

We show that several different interpretations of the inequality

Δ
f
≤
η

\Delta f\leq \eta

are equivalent in the setting of

RCD
⁡
(
K
,
N
)

\operatorname {RCD}(K,N)

spaces. With respect to previously available results in this direction, we improve both on the generality of the underlying space and in terms of regularity to be assumed on the function

f
f

. Applications are presented.
The role of antisymmetric functions in nonlocal equations
Authors: Dipierro Serena , Poggesi Giorgio , Thompson Jack , Valdinoci Enrico
Published: May 2023

We use a Hopf-type lemma for antisymmetric super-solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the fractional Laplacian with zero-th order terms, in combination with the method of moving planes, to prove symmetry for the semilinear fractional parallel surface problem. That is, we prove that non-negative solutions to semilinear Dirichlet problems for the fractional Laplacian in a bounded open set

Ω
⊂

R

n

\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n

must be radially symmetric if one of their level surfaces is parallel to the boundary of

Ω
\Omega

; in turn,

Ω
\Omega

must be a ball.

Furthermore, we discuss maximum principles and the Harnack inequality for antisymmetric functions in the fractional setting and provide counter-examples to these theorems when only ‘local’ assumptions are imposed on the solutions. The construction of these counter-examples relies on an approximation result that states that ‘all antisymmetric functions are locally antisymmetric and

s
s

-harmonic up to a small error’.