bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The oil-based technology and economy: Prospects for the future
Authors: Illum Klaus
Published: December 2021

Dr Ilium, with degrees in Civil Engineering from the Technical University of Denmark and in Energy Systems and Energy Planning from Aalborg University, has had his own consulting company, ECOConsult, since 2000. He was from 1962 for over a decade mainly occupied with the development of educational programs in computerscience alongside with studies in systems theory and cybernetics at the Danish Academy of Engineering in Copenhagen and Aalborg.Thereafter, as senior Associate Professor (Docent) at the Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University, he was mainly engaged in the development of methods and computer models for the technological, environmental and economic analysis of alternative scenarios for the development of energy systems and agricultural production systems. He has also been engaged in studies of environmental policies and problems in Central and Eastern European countries, in particular in energy planning in Czechoslovakia/the Czech Republic, and was Programme Manager for the Nordic Training Programme for Energy Experts in the Baltic States, the PROCEED programme. In addition, Dr Ilium has developed comprehensive computer models for: numerical analysis of thermodynamic systems (power plants, cogeneration plants, integrated industrial processes,etc.); energy planning on the national, regional and local energy system level; technological/socio-economic energy systems analysis; economic assessment of alternative energy system projects; flow analysis (nutrients and energy) and economic analysis of agricultural systems. He has developed the Sustainable Energy Systems Analysis Model (SESAM), an advanced, general computer model for the analysis of scenarios for the future development of national, regional or local energy systems which has been used and is presently being used for the integrated technological, environmental, and economic analysis of present and future energy systems infrastructures in Denmark, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Germany.
Inland freight transport scenarios for Europe in 2020
Authors: Giannopoulos G. A.
Published: December 2021

Professor Giannopoulos is Director, Hellenic Institute of Transport; Professor, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki; and Chairman, South East European Transport Research Forum. He is a member ofthe World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is based on the contribution by the author to the 15th International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics of the European Conference of Ministers of Transport, Thessaloniki, June 2000, and is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper made available by the author to participants at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001, in which he was finally unable to participate.
Part 8: Synthesis
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This is Part 8 of this special issue: Synthesis.
General Introduction
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This is a photograph of Bernice and Jeann Gottmann at a vacation hotel in Israel during the summer of 1993.
ECONOMICS, ESTHETICS AND ETHICS IN MODERN URBANIZATION
Authors: Gottmann Jean
Published: December 2021

The paper from which this article is abstracted was published as an afterthought to Gottmann's major work Megalopolis (1961).
Front Matter
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This is the Front Matter of Ekistics volume 70, no. 420/421, 2003.
From megalopolis to global cities: Introduction by the Guest-Editor
Authors: Muscarà Calogero
Published: December 2021

The text on these pages is a brief introductory note by the guest-editor on the contents of Part 2 of the present issue.
Illustration
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This section includes photographs of Jean Gottmann when he first joined the activities of Ekistics.
Iconography and circulation on the Atlantic seaboards: Europe and North America
Authors: Phlipponneau Michel
Published: December 2021

From his appointment as a lecturer in 1950, the author has spent all his academic career within the Department of Geography of the Université de Haute-Bretagne à Rennes, of which he was acting Head for a long while, until his retirement in 1984, when he became an emeritus fellow. After his doctorate thesis in 1955 and a short stay at Chicago and Northwestern Universities, in 1956 he met in Princeton Jean Gottmann who was then putting the first touches to his major work Megalopolis. Jean Gottmann was to play a decisive role in directing the young Breton geographer towards research work in applied geography. In France, applied geography suffered from severe backwardness until the publication of Géographie et action. Introduction à la géographie appliquée (1960). Forty years later, La Géographie appliquée: Du géographe universitaire au géographe professionnel (1999) showed the way covered on a national and worldwide scale. Michel Phlipponneau was chairman of the Commission on Applied Geography of the I.G.U from 1968 to 1980. He was himself an actor in regional planning in Brittany and abroad as an expert for the United Nations, and at a political level as a departmental and regional Counsellor and as Deputy-Mayor of Rennes and President of the Urban District.
City image and major international events: A new tool for urban strategy and planning
Authors: Lieutaud Jacqueline
Published: December 2021

The author, Emeritus Professor at the Picardie-Jules Verne University , Amiens, France, has extended teaching experience also at the universities of Lille, Paris IV (Sorbonne), and at the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers of Paris. She has undertaken lengthy investigations into Italy, and obtained her Ph. D on the planning of Mezzogiorno and its results on the territory of Puglia, published by the Ecole Française de Rome. Over 80 major publications by her focus on the evolution of the Paris area and North European metropolitan strategies; industry and transport crisis and general technology evolution; Italy especially industrial and regional planning and Mezzogiorno; and Mediterranean cities, traditional urban heritage and new strategies. Her latest important publication is Une Mer entre Trois Continents: La Méditerranée (Paris, Ellipses Ed., December 2001).
The editor's page
Authors: Psomopoulos P.
Published: December 2021

"The completion of this volume of Ekistics makes the guest-editor, Professor Calogero Muscarà, and myself really proud and happy. We are also relieved for having fulfilled, albeit partially and belatedly, a longstanding commitment, and are deeply grateful to all those who have joined us in this tribute to Jean Gottmann who has marked our lives since we first came across some of his thoughts. I remember Calogero Muscarà telling me what a struggle he had to go through for many years obliged to work in universities and other research institutions, without real interest, in physical geography, when his main interests were history and social and political sciences which were "more appealing for the explanation of life." It was only in the mid-1950s when he discovered Gottmann's book La politique des États et leur géographie , that he began to understand how effectively geography could be connected to his real interests. The long period of close collaboration, both nationally and internationally, between Gottmann and Muscarà, which started 20 years later in 1977, only ended with Gottmann's death in 1994 but Muscarà's keen interest and personal involvement in promoting Gottmann's thought never ceased. I myself, an architect-planner, already fully engaged in ekistics, and a close collaborator of Constantinos A. Doxiadis,2 will never forget the day I first met Gottmann in the early 1960s and how avidly I absorbed the relevance of his remarks on the complexities involved when trying to apply the interdisciplinary approach needed in assessing conditions for planning action."
The iconography and circulation of the Atlantic community
Authors: Henrikson Alan K.
Published: December 2021

Professor Henrikson teaches American diplomatic history , contemporary US-European relations, and a seminar on geography, foreign policy, and world order at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA. During the Spring of 2003 he was Fulbright/Diplomatic Academy Visiting Professor of International Relations at the Diplomatische Akademie in Vienna. His collaboration with the geographer Jean Gottmann began with his participation in the International Political Science Association's Round Table on the "center and periphery" theme in Paris at the Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques in 1978, and his ensuing contribution, "America's changing place in the world," to the volume, Centre and Periphery: Spatial Variation in Politics (1980), edited by Gottmann. He also contributed " 'A small, cozy town, global in scope': Washington, DC," an article for a thematic issue on "capital cities" that Professor Gottmann organized for Ekistics, vol. 50, no. 299 (March/April 1983). The author's present essay is based in part on his chapter, 'The role of metropolitan regions in making a new Atlantic community," in Ever Closer Partnership: Policy-Making in US-EU Relations, ed. Éric Philippart and Pascaline Winand (Brussels, Presses Interuniversitaires Europeenees - Peter Lang, 2001).
Illustration
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This section contains details and images of Jean Gottmann as Guest-Editor of Ekistics.
The editor's page
Authors: Psomopoulos P.
Published: December 2021

"For a long time I have considered any opportunity to collaborate with Dr Ingrid Leman Stefanovic a privilege. This time the opportunity was offered by the international Symposion on "The Natural City" sponsored by the University of Toronto and the World Society for Ekistics which took place on the campus of the university and was organized and chaired by her on behalf of both sponsors. I wish to thank her for having accepted to act as guest editor for this volume of Ekistics in spite of her very heavy commitments due to her role as Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Centre for Environment, University of Toronto. I also wish to express my admiration for her inspired and inspiring introductory statement on the concept of the natural city (see pp. 8 and 9).

In this Symposion, an international and interdisciplinary group of approx. 100 experts and a fairly large number of other participants and students held a very intensive three-day program - 4 plenary and 28 special sessions, with several papers and discussions in each (see p. 2) - determined

to challenge the erroneous but still prevailing perception of "human settlements" and "nature" as independent of each other; and,

to stress the need for the general adoption of the integration of these two notions , which is inherent in the approach of both convenors of the Symposion."
Toward the green city through revitalizing major obsolescent urban lands
Authors: Greenberg Ken
Published: December 2021

The author, an architect and urban designer, has played a leading role on a broad range of assignments in highly diverse urban settings in North America and Europe. Much of his work focuses on the rejuvenation of downtowns, waterfronts, neighborhoods, and campus master planning. His projects include the award-winning Saint Paul on the Mississippi Development Framework, the Brooklyn Bridge Park on the East River in New York, the East River waterfront in Lower Manhattan, the Fan Pier in Boston, the Southwest and Southeast Waterfronts in Washington, DC, the Vision Plan for Washington DC, Kendall Square and North Point/Lechmere Square in Cambridge, the Downtown Hartford Economic and Urban Design Action Strategy and the Downtown Master Plan for Fort Lauderdale. Current efforts include the " Big Picture for the Big Dig": the Rose Kennedy Greenway in Boston, the renewal of Regent Park, a major public housing project in Toronto; the implementation of the Convention District Master Plan in San Juan, P.R., and Urban Design advice for the Cincinnati Center City Development Corp (3CDC). In each city, with each project, his strategic, consensus-building approach has led to coordinated planning and a renewed focus on urban design. The text that follows is an edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on"The Natural City, " Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.
Illustration
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This section includes a plan of the University of Toronto campus, and a photograph of the University.
The Urban Cliff Hypothesis and its relevance to ekistics
Authors: Larson Doug W. , Matthes Uta , Kelly Peter E. , Lundholm Jeremy , Gerrath John A.
Published: December 2021

The Cliff Ecology Research Group (CERG), Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, has been in existence since 1985 when its members began working on the ecology of the Niagara Escarpment (fig. 1). In 1988 they discovered a stand of ancient trees growing on the cliffs and in 1989 they discovered that in fact the escarpment cliffs support the oldest and least disturbed forest ecosystem in Canada. Individual living trees older than 1,300 years are still present and the forest appears to be in steady state. CERG's work on the ancient trees led to the idea that cliffs serve as refuges for many species including ancient humans. That observation led to the development of the Urban Cliff Hypothesis that is described in this paper and was presented at the international symposion on " The Natural City, " Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics, and also led to the recent book entitled The Urban Cliff Revolution.
Ecology in the natural city: Testing and applying the Urban Cliff Hypothesis
Authors: Lundholm Jeremy
Published: December 2021

The author is an assistant professor of Biology and Environmental Studies at Saint Mary's University, in Halifax, Nova Scotia , Canada. His main research interests are in urban ecology, rock outrcrop ecosystems and the maintenance of plant biodiversity.
Contents of Selected back issues
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This section includes contents of selected back issues.
Non-motorized mobility in cities of the future: College and university campuses as a pilot project
Authors: Havlick Spenser
Published: December 2021

The author is Professor Emeritus, University of Colorado-Boulder. He has served 21 years on the Boulder, Colorado City Council, and many years as U.S. correspondent of the journal Ekistics. His recent consulting work in Australia and New Zealand focuses on the redesign of cities for improved sustainability and healthy living. The text that follows is an edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "The Natural City, " Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.
"Localization": A means to reduce negative transportation impacts in the "natural city"
Authors: Helferty Natalie
Published: December 2021

The author runs "Natural Heritage Consulting" in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. She is a former Adjunct Professor at Ryerson University having taught Applied Ecology as a joint program between the School of Occupational and Public Health and the School of Urban and Regional Planning. She has provided environmental policy input on government initiatives such as the formation of the Greenbelt around the City of Toronto in her capacity as a member of the Province of Ontario's Greenbelt Task Force. The text that follows is a revised and edited version of a paper presented by the author at the Natural City conference - "Success Stories" - organized by the Centre for Environment, University of Toronto from 31 May to 2 June, 2006.
Confessions of a criminal
Authors: Doxiadis C. A.
Published: December 2021

The text that follows is a slightly edited version of a combination of textsvby C.A. Doxiadis which first appeared in Ekistics, vol. 32, no. 191,October 1971, pp. 249-254; and The Great Urban Crimes We Permit By Law (Athens, Lycabettus Press, 1973), pp. 18-22.
Methodology of action
Authors: Doxiadis C. A.
Published: December 2021

It will be a realistic goal to expect that humanity can achieve the following:

Recognize the content and extent of the problem of human settlements in the 1960s;

Develop proper and accepted systems, theories and solutions in the 1970s;

Experiment in order to test the theories at a proper scale inall types of units, countries and areas in the 1980s and1990s;

Reach the point at which humanity will be in control of the situation of human settlements again by the turn of the century.
Toward the implementation of the Concept-Plan
Authors: Doxiadis C. A.
Published: December 2021

Now that the Concept-Plan for the Urban Detroit Area has been developed, how can it be implemented? What process can be initiated which will lead to its fulfillment? What action must be undertaken to face the full range of problems? The purpose of this part is to indicate the process through which an urban area may move toward the solution of its problems and the implementation of the plans for its future development by acting at all scales, on all types of structures and functions, and in a coordinated way at the right time (fig. 1 ). To this end a series of essential programs are outlined for the complete physical reorganization of UDA (fig. 2). These programs would also initiate parallel efforts to resolve those problems which are not directly related to the physical structure. These essential programs are presented in terms of their basic targets and their basic dimensions, with indications as to who should undertake the responsibility for their implementation and coordination.
The emerging Great Lakes Megalopolis
Authors: Doxiadis C. A.
Published: December 2021

WE COMPLAIN about our cities - and justifiably so. For in spite of the much higher incomes and the much more developed technology which the present generation has in relation to those who lived before the eighteenth century, our present cities have not been able to serve us as well as did the cities of the past. Our admiration for the cities of the past is partly because of the better way of living they represented. Although we complain about the cities of the present, we continue to build in the image of existing cities, and to produce mere expansions of them. Instead of solving any problems, we create situations which worsen with every day that passes. The reason is that we do not have the ability to look ahead and see the cities in which we will live in the future which in reality are the cities we are building today. In order to escape this impasse of building the cities of the future, which in reality are the cities we are building today, ability to foresee the types of cities in which we shall have to live and try to do our best for them. This requires a twofold approach. First, we must realistically determine those basic characteristics of the cities to come which will be inevitable; and second, we must invent the type of life we want to carry out inside these cities and form the cities accordingly.
Public space as an element of local identity: On the notion of quality in urban design
Authors: Frick Dieter
Published: December 2021

The author, after studying architecture in Munich and Berlin, and working in a large number of international architectural offices, served as Professor of Urban Design and Planning, Technische Universität Berlin, and as a member of the Deutsche Akademie für Städtebau und Landesplanung. Dr Frick is also Senior Fellow, Center for Metropolitan Planning and Research, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. His numerous publications have been published extensively in Germany and internationally. He is a member of the World Society for Ekistics. The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "Globalization and Local Identity, " organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19- 24 September, 2005.
Asian architecture in the new millennium: A postmodern imagery
Authors: Lim William S.W.
Published: December 2021

The author, a graduate of the Architectural Association (AA) London , with further studies at the Department of City and Regional Planning, Harvard University, USA , has since 1960 been professionally involved in architecture , planning and development economics , as principal architect at Malayan Architects Co-Partnership, Design Partnership (later renamed DP Architects) and until 2002, William Lim Associates. In addition to his role as Co-founder and Chairman of the Asian Urban Lab and President of AA Asia, Dr Lim was President of the Singapore Heritage Society and President of the Singapore Planning and Research Group (SPUR). Presently, he is Adjunct Professor of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Australia - where he was conferred a Doctor of Architecture Honoris Causa - and Honorary Professor of La Salle-SIA College of the Arts (Singapore). Mr Lim is a member of the World Society for Ekistics. His numerous writings and lectures on a wide range of subjects relating to architecture, urbanism and culture in Asia as well as on current issues relating to the postmodern, "glocality" and social justice, are compiled in nine books, some of which have been translated into Japanese and Thai. Furthermore, he is co-author with Tan Hock-Beng of Contemporary Vernacular: Evoking Traditions in Asian Architecture (1997), co-editor of vol. 10, Southeast Asia (1999) of World Architecture: A Critical Mosaic 1 900-2000, and Editor of Postmodern Singapore (2002).
The Effects of Footbath Management on Digital Dermatitis Distribution
Authors: Kalyoncu Oguzhan , Gürdal Emre , Özturan Yalçın Alper , Akın İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Digital dermatitis (DD) is a common infectious disease that causes economic losses and lameness. In order to keep DD under control, the usage of footbaths is very important in intensive dairy farms. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between footbath usage and the number of active lesions related to DD. In total of 1527 cattle from 6 dairy farms were evaluated to assess and correlate, the prevalence of DD and footbath practices. Information about the farm structure and management practices of footbaths were obtained through a questionnaire. We inspected all cow feet on DD lesions during the milking time and scored the lesions using six M-stages. Thereafter, we performed a chi square test to investigate the relation between digital dermatitis prevalence and footbath practices. We observed DD lesions in 500 feet (8.2%) of 338 (22.1%) dairy cows. Farms using dry manure practices as a bedding material showed a higher digital dermatitis prevalence (p < 0.001). Farms using formalin footbath practices had the lowest digital dermatitis lesions, whereas copper sulfate (CuSO4) practice had the highest prevalence (p < 0.001). Periodically renewed footbaths showed a statistically lower DD prevalence in farms (p < 0.001). We concluded that the implementation of proper footbath design and optimization of footbath management might help to reduce the prevalence of digital dermatitis in dairies.
Webinar dan Workshop Kesehatan Periodontal secara Digital di Era Pandemi COVID-19 di Sidoarjo
Authors: Augustina Eka Fitri , Setyawati Ernie Maduratna , Aghasy Achmad Zam Zam
Published: December 2021

Penyakit periodontal merupakan penyakit dengan prevalensi 67,8%, tertinggi setelah karies gigi. Penyakit periodontal yang dibiarkan akan meningkatkan resiko penyakit sistemik seperti diabetes mellitus, penyakit jantung, dan rheumatoid arthritis. Peran dokter gigi sangat penting terkait penyakit periodontal, terutama di masa pandemi COVID-19. Motode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan adalah webinar individual kepada kader kesehatan diikuti oleh 30 peserta kemudian diberikan video promosi kesehatan periodontal dan dijadwalkan secara individual untuk menjadi peserta dalam webinar individual bersama interviewer dokter gigi menggunakan Video Call Whatsapp. Sedangkan untuk webinar interaktif kepada dokter gigi di wilayah Sidoarjo diikuti oleh 30 peserta, kemudian diberikan video promosi kesehatan dentolaser secara interaktif. Indikator yang digunakan dalam tercapainya kegiatan ini menggunakan google form dengan mengisi pertanyaan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa pre-test webinar individual kepada kader sebesar 5,367 dan post-test sebesar 8,633. Sedangkan untuk webinar interaksi dengan Dokter Gigi hasil pre-test sebesar 6,225 dan post-test sebesar 8,225. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan adalah webinar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat umum tentang pentingnya menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut terutama jaringan periodontal.
A Analisis Penerapan E-Filling Dimasa Pandemi Covid 19 Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi
Authors: Amrul Rusli
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the application of e-filling during the pandemic in increasing individual taxpayer compliance in submitting annual tax. The data analysis technique used in this study is a qualitative descriptive analysis method, namely by collecting data, processing data, analyzing data, conclude and providing interpretation. The results of the study are Tax Service Office in West Mataram in implementing e-filling during the covid 19 pandemic has been in accordance with the procedures based on tax laws and regulations on tax administration. The implementation of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the obstacles in disseminating the form of tax annual reports to taxpayers through e-filling. The compliance of individual taxpayers during the COVID-19 pandemic in reporting annual tax  through e-filing is more constrained because individual taxpayers mostly report annual tax at the end of the reporting deadline, not all taxpayers understand technology such as computers, internet access and email, lack of knowledge of individual taxpayers in filling out annual tax report online so that there are many errors in filling out annual tax report. The network system on the website of the Directorate General of Taxes is often disrupted due to too many individual taxpayers accessing the website in the month of the annual tax report.
La colonización del sudor: la Internet de las cosas y despolitización política
Authors: Cataldo González Héctor
Published: December 2021

El siguiente documento es una síntesis de una investigación en curso acerca de la relación entre la realidad virtual, y sus modulaciones e intensidades, con las categorías de biopolítica (Michel Foucault), inmunización (Roberto Esposito) y animal laborans (Hannah Arendt). Se exponen tres momentos de la realidad virtual, a saber, la relación clásica usuario/a y computador; la Internet de las cosas o 5G; el asistente digital personalizado, los que son analizados y reflexionados a partir de cinco características de ésta: unir-separando, descorporización, velocidad, despolitización-desmundización y la inteligibilización de la carne. El hilo conductor de este análisis es la hipótesis de que la realidad virtual propende a una “colonización de la realidad sudorosa".
Cyprinid Fishes: An Overview on the Present Status in Meghalaya, India
Authors:   Department of Fishery Science, St. Anthony’s College  Shillong-793001, Meghalaya, India, Nath Rupak , Kharbuli S
Published: December 2021

Cyprinid fishes of Meghalaya were investigated from twin drainage basins Brahmaputra and Barak-Surma-Meghna. 27 cyprinid fishes under 14 genus and 7 sub families were recorded from rivers and reservoirs of four different gradient zones. The diversity of Cyprinid fishes was highest with 49% representation of Cyprinids at lower elevation Zone IV below 500 m above MSL and bio diversity indices estimated as H: 3.05, 1-D: 0.10. In contrary lowest diversity with 7% representation of fishes was observed at elevation 1501 to 2000 m above MSL in Zone I with bio diversity indices H: 0.25, 1-D: 0.57. Distribution of commercially important cyprinids under genus Labeo, Systomus and Cirrhinus were found to be restricted to rivers of Barak-Surma-Meghna drainage basin. Catch percentage of cyprinids indicates that 70% of fishes exhibit occasional occurrence and 30% as common occurrence. High percentage of occasional occurrence, low catch composition percentage and with restricted distribution of commercially important fishes to only certain rivers of Barak-Surma-Meghna drainage is an indication of depletion of cyprinid resources in the state and requires taking multi prong conservation measures to protect cyprinid fishes in Meghalaya.
Computational Overhead of a Novel Scheme for Identity Confidentiality on IoT Devices in 5G Mobile Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Information Technology Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India, Choudhury Hiten
Published: December 2021

Mobile networks are becoming a preferred choice for the Internet of Things (IoT), due to its flexibility, broad coverage, increasing bandwidth, low latency and low subscription cost. However, a long-standing security issue in any mobile network across the various generations is identity confidentiality. In a recent technical specification standardised by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for 5G mobile network, a novel scheme called the Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme (ECIES) is adopted to tackle the issue of identity confidentiality. While this mechanism seems to provide a reasonable solution for modern resource affluent smart phones, it’s suitability for resource constrained IoT devices needs to be analysed. In this paper, we study the computational overhead of the ECIES on IoT devices.
Prospect of Small Indigenous Fish (SIF) Culture in Assam
Authors:   Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India, Borgohain Parinita , Biswas Shyama Prasad
Published: December 2021

Assam is an abode of hundreds of small indigenous fish species (SIF) which are used as highly nutritious food and preparation of traditional dishes by the ethnic groups. As most of the population are fish eaters, the demand for fish is ever increasing. Rampant fishing, destruction as well as shrinkage of fishing habitats and above all, our ignorance about the true value of so called ‘trash fish’ have already wiped out many of our indigenous small fish species. People in general, are not aware of the importance of small fish other than their food value. The sub-tropical climate and rich water resources of the state provide good opportunity for small fish culture. This status paper highlights the importance of SIF as food, aesthetic, bio-controlling agent and therapeutic values and also their rearing prospects in captive conditions.
A Review of the Virology of SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   St. Anthony’s College, Shillong793001 Meghalaya, India, Susngi Aldonna Maria , Sawian Clara Ermine
Published: December 2021

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a β-coronavirus, which also includes the highly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Emerging in December 2019 from Wuhan, China, it has spread worldwide resulting in a pandemic that has not ended till date. This review highlights some of the key features of the virology of SARS-CoV-2.
Extraction and Purification of Secondary Metabolites of Paris polyphylla (Smith) Using Column Chromatography.
Authors: Puwein Arcadius , Thomas Shiny C.
Published: December 2021

Paris polyphylla Smith is an erect and herbaceous plant. It has rich chemical constituents such steroidal saponins, phytosterols, flavonoids, and alkaloids that possess antimicrobial and anticancer activities. In the current investigation, we examined the effect of different solvents in the extraction yield and further purification via column chromatography. The ground powdered rhizomes of P. polyphylla was extracted with 100% hexane, 100% ethyl acetate, 70% ethanol, and 70% methanol. The extracts were filtered, evaporated using a rotary evaporator, concentrated, and measured. Subsequently, the solvent with high extraction yield was further purified using column chromatography. Ethanol produced the highest extraction yield as compared to the other solvents. About 30 fractions were eluted which was pooled into four fractions based on the Rf values and bands observed through thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis.
Comparison of total ozone retrieved from NOAA satellite and measured from Dobson spectrophotometer over Indian region
Authors: GUPTA H. V. , SHARMA A K.
Published: December 2021

An attempt has been made to compare the total ozone retrieved from HIRS channel-9 of NOAA-12 satellite using ITPP software at the facility of lMDPS, New Delhi with that of conventional Dobson spectrophotometer over Indian network stations. The satellite-retrieved total ozone agrees within an accuracy of +-8% with that of Dobson-measured total ozone except during the passage of a weather system over the Indian region. It is seen that whenever a western disturbance is passing over north India and neighbourhood, the difference between the satellite-retrieved and Dobson-measured total ozone becomes more than +- 8% (or +-20 DU).
Evaluation of crop growing periods at some stations in northest Brazil
Authors: KUMAR K. KARUNA , SILVA J. A. TOMAS DA
Published: December 2021

Results of a study of crop .growing periods at some stations in northeast Brazil are presented in this paper. Daily soil moisture values for a minimum period of 25 years are evaluated by means of a simple soil moisture model using temperature and precipitation data. A first order Markov chain model is applied to the soil moisture data and initial and conditional probabilities of wet and dry soil days are obtained. Soil moisture averages and probabilities are used to evaluate crop growing periods at the stations. The effect of uncertainties in the model parameters on the estimated growing periods is investigated.
Variationas of energy and aerodynamic terms at different stations of India
Authors: CHATTOPADHYAY N. , DUBEY R. C.
Published: December 2021

Variations and relative contributions of energy and aerodynamic terms to evaporation, from different stations of India are studied. Energy term shows higher value during first few weeks from the beginning of the year, at stations located at lower latitude, while its value retains high at stations lying on higher longitude except for Thiruvananthapuram. Aerodynamic term is found to be high at stations located at higher latitude, while except for Calcutta, its value is seen to be higher for the stations situated on higher longitude. Considerable variations in the percentage contribution of the energy and the aerodynamic terms are observed at stations situated at higher latitude. Stations situated at lower latitude show high and low value of percentage contribution of the energy and the aerodynamic terms In most of the weeks during the year. Relative shares of the energy term to evaporation are comparatively high at stations situated in higher longitude, while a higher percentage contribution of the aerodynamic term. is observed at stations located at lower longitude except for Nagpur.
Effects of soil temperature and certain weather parameters on the growth and yield of ragi (Eleusine Coracana)
Authors: MATHAN K. K.
Published: December 2021

The influence of soil temperature, air temperature and sunshine hours on the growth and yield of ragi (Eleusine coracana, Geartner) (Var. CO II) was evaluated. The results of analysis indicated that soil temperature at crop growth and flowering stages significantly influenced the yield of grain and straw of ragi, the best fit being at 15 cm depth, Soil temperature at 30 cm depth was higher than the mean air temperature.

Accumulated heat units correlated positively with grain and straw of ragi. Sunshine hours also correlated positively with yield of grain and straw.
Cropping potential or the red-laterite-gravelly belt of West Bengal based on moisture availability index and soil characteristics
Authors: SARKAR JAYANTA , BISWAS B. C.
Published: December 2021

Crop potential has been brought out over the red-laterite-gravelly belt of West Bengal using Moisture Availability Index (MAI) and broad soil information. MAI indicates that a crop of 15. 18-20 and 22-24 weeks. duration at 80%, 50% and 30% probability levels respectively maybe raised from this belt. In most of the stations of the belt, rice could be raised in eight out of every ten years without encountering much waterstress period. At lower probability levels. after rice, pulses like gram. tur and lentil and oilseeds like rapeseed and mustard may be raised based on residual soil moisture. In low rainfall years sorghum. groundnut, maize could be introduced in place of rice in the kharif season. Emphasis should also be given on agro-forestry and horticultural crops for increasing and stabilizing agricultural production.
Prediction of satellite track of tropical cyclone from spiral bands
Authors: BHUSHAN BRIJ
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. The sector of the eye wall where a spiraling convective barxi a~ars to fasten with it changes and oscillates over the eye wall and such a sector is easily discernible in EnhancOO fufra Red (EIR) imagery received from satellite for a cyclone whose intensity is more than T5.0. It has been argued that a vector having initial point at the centre of the cyclone arxi passing through this particular sector of the eye wall, indicates the future satellite track of a tropical cyclone. The data of the two cyclones. which were showing above mentioned identifiable feawre during a part of their lives. withstood the logic within observational errors.
Fractal dimensions of chaotic at tractors for monsoon rainfall of meteorological sub-divisions of India
Authors: RAJ Y.E.A. , SURESH R.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT .The correlation fractal dimension of strange at tractors of southwest monsoon rainfall of all the 35 Indian meteorological sub-divisions and India as a whole and nonh-east monsoon rainfall of 4 meteorological sub-divisions of peninsular India are estimated using the Grassberger and Procaccia algorithm (1983-). The fractal dimensions provide us the primary information on the number of parameters that are required to understand the dynamics underlying the monsoon dynamic system. The fractal dimensions varied between 2.9 and 7.1 and the saturation occurred between 14 and 21 ~ dimensions. In 5 sub-divisions the fractal dimension could not be determined.
Droughts and aridity in northeast Brazil
Authors: KUMAR K.KARUNA , SILVA JOSE ANTONIO TOMAS DA , SILVA BERNAROO BARBOSA DA
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. Results of a study of droughts and aridity in northeast Brazil are presented in this paper. The study is based on the analysis of yearly water balances at fifteen stations in the region. Incidence of droughts of varying intensities at the stations is discussed. Climatic shifts at the stations are evaluated on the basis of the moisture index values. The use of the cumulative deviation technique in drought studies is briefly mentioned.
Tropical cyclone risk assessment with special reference to Bangladesh
Authors: ALI ANWAR , CHOWDHURY JAHIR UDDIN
Published: December 2021

Tropical cyclones are regarded as the most deadly among all natural disasters. They bring catastrophic ravages to life and property as well as to environment. Among all the areas in the world affected by tropical cyclones, the countries along the rim of the Bay of Bengal suffer most and Bangladesh is the worst sufferer. In order to minimise the future loss of life and property, proper cyclone disaster management action is an absolute necessity. This, in turn, requires a better assessment of risks associated with a cyclone. The present paper discusses the major components of risk assessment, viz., (i) inventory of cyclones with associated causes of hazards, (ii) analysis of damages and inventory of elements at risk and (iii) vulnerability analysis with special reference to Bangladesh. Inventory of cyclones deals with the cyclone climatology in the Bay of Bengal region over the period 1881-1990. Discussions on causes of hazards cover strong winds. storm surges, rainfall. socio-economic factors, greenhouse effects, etc. An idea about the degree of cyclone damages and the elements at risks in Bangladesh is given. Some discussions on vulnerability analysis and risk reduction/mitigation with a few case studies in Bangladesh are made. Finally few recommendations are put forward.
The Research Possibility of Definition Mass Biological Nanoobjects Using Terahertz Laser Ablation Method
Authors: Vagin Mikhail , Unitsyn Anton , Petrov Aleksandr , Kozlov Aleksandr , Malyshkin Sergey , Popik Vasiliy , Goryachkovskaya Tatyana , Peltek Sergey
Published: December 2021

Possibility of mass definition using terahertz laser ablation method for biological nanoobjects is researched. Diffusion spectrometer of aerosols was applied for measuring the size of dispersed products of terahertz laser ablation. Dependence of molecular mass from the aerosol particle size was obtained for fragments of DNA λ-hind. This work was carried out using THz radiation of free electron laser of Siberian center of photochemical researches.
A sokszínűség menedzsment elemzése a munkavállalók körében
Authors: Pásztóová Vivien
Published: December 2021

A kutatás célja a szervezeti életben aktívan jelenlévő munkaerő kulturális sokszínűségének kutatása, illetve annak előnyeinek és hátrányainak feltárása, mindemellett annak a vizsgálata, hogy milyen mértékben befolyásolja az egyén és a szervezeti csoportok teljesítményét és hatékonyságát a munkaerőpiacon lévő kulturális sokféleségből eredő eltérő kulturális identitások hatása. Az eredmények ismertetik a más kultúraközi térben dolgozó és rutint szerző munkavállalók szemléletmódját és benyomásait, munkához való viszonyulásait. A begyűjtött adatok összesítésével olyan végkifejlet tárul elénk, miszerint a diverzitás menedzsment pozitív hozadékai diadalmaskodnak a velejáró előnytelenségei felett. Ezenkívül a sokszínűség menedzsment jelentős mértékben fejti ki hatását a szervezeti kreativitásra, miközben az egyén szakmai pályafutását nem befolyásolja.
Time Reallocation and the Cost and Benefit of School Closures during an Epidemic
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA, Bayham Jude , Chowell Gerardo ,   Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA, Fenichel Eli P. ,   Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA, Kuminoff Nicolai V. ,   Department of Economics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, and National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), USA
Published: December 2021

School closures are an important public health intervention during epidemics. Yet, the existing estimates of policy costs and benefits overlook the impact of human behavior and labor market conditions. We use an integrated assessment framework to quantify the public health benefits and the economic costs of school closures based on activity patterns derived from the American Time-Use Survey (ATUS) for a pandemic like COVID-19. We develop a policy decision framework based on marginal benefits and costs to estimate the optimal school closure duration. The results suggest that the optimal school closure depends on how people reallocate their time when schools are closed. Widespread social distancing behavior implemented early and for a long duration can delay the epidemic for years, buying time for the development of pharmaceutical interventions and yielding substantial net benefits. Conversely, school closure, with behavior targeted to adjust only to the school closure, is unlikely to provide substantial delay or sufficient net benefits to justify closing schools for pathogen control.
Videos Improve Attention and Cheap Talk in Online Surveys
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics & Agribusiness and LSU AgCenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA, Penn Jerrod , Hu Wuyang ,   Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Published: December 2021

Cheap Talk (CT) is a mainstay technique among stated preference practitioners to reduce Hypothetical Bias (HB). The usefulness of CT may be questionable in online surveys due to the limited control researchers have on participant engagement. In the context of an online choice experiment on hotels, we compare a control group of respondents who receives a CT script as a traditional passage of text versus a group who must answer an attention-check question to verify their comprehension of the script as well as another group who receives the CT script as a video and then answer the attention-check question. We find that compared to the control group, simply offering the attention-check question reduced willingness to pay (WTP), and those who answer the attention-check question correctly behaved differently to those who did not. Overall, video CT script is shown to improve attention and be more effective in reducing potential HB than a text-based script.
Factors Affecting on Consumer Desire: Challenges of Mobile Phone Operators Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Ruel M M , Soo Jin Chung
Published: December 2021

Bangladesh, being a highly-populated area, begets a remunerative market for the telecommunication sector. Huge consumer probability attracts foreign investors provoking market competition higher entering new companies creating accrual in national GDP. To endure in the intensely competitive market, mobile telecommunication service provider companies are conscious about customer expectations and trying to compensate consumer demand offering quality services. This study elucidates the strategies of mobile phone companies to provide services to a satisfactory level, such as segmented marketing paves the way of focused marketing program which allows the companies to provide the expected services to the specific segment of consumers. This research also analyzes information collected about consumer expectations and unearths the factors affecting the volition of an operator and sketches some recommendations to the mobile phone operators.
O korzyściach z wdrożenia MacroBIM+
w trakcie realizacji „międzywydziałowego
projektu interdyscyplinarnego BIM”,
jak i w codziennej praktyce
Authors: Czmoch Ireneusz , Walendzik Jakub
Published: December 2021

Artykuł przedstawia faktyczny przebieg prac studenckiego zespołu projektowego w ramach przedmiotu międzywydziałowy projekt interdyscyplinarny BIM 2020 na podstawie dostępnych notatek oraz własnego doświadczenia uczestnika edycji mpiBIM 2020. Zaproponowano metodykę opracowania wielobranżowego projektu koncepcyjnego o nazwie MacroBIM+, której podstawą jest rozwijany stopniowo hybrydowy model BIM, zbudowany z brył opisujących pomieszczenia lub ich grupy oraz ważnych elementów branżowych, np.: podstawowych elementów konstrukcji nośnej (dach, stropy, ściany, słupy, belki), bryłowych modeli specjalistycznego wyposażenia obiektu lub rezerwacji przestrzeni na kanały i urządzenia instalacyjne o znacznych gabarytach. Następnie przedstawiono wnioski z symulacji zastosowania metodyki
MacroBIM+ w ramach mpiBIM. Autor pracy dyplomowej oraz jego promotor zauważają potencjalne korzyści związane z wykorzystaniem metodyki MacroBIM+ w ramach przyszłych edycji mpiBIM.