bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Finite-Time State-Feedback Control for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Input Saturation and Unknown Covariance Noise
Authors: Min Huifang
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on the adaptive finite-time state-feedback control for more general stochastic nonlinear systems that are disturbed by unknown covariance noise, parametric uncertainties, and input saturation. To achieve this, the paper utilizes the adaptive control to handle the unknown covariance noise and parametric uncertainties. Additionally, an auxiliary signal is introduced to address the input saturation issue. By combining these techniques with the adaptive backstepping method, an adaptive state-feedback controller is constructed. The stability analysis shows that all signals within the closed-loop system are practically finite-time stable in probability. Furthermore, the output of the system can track the desired reference signal within a finite time. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated through an example presented in the paper.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) MSC code1 · MSC code2 · more
β-Arrestin-2 enhances ER stress-induced glomerular endothelial cells injury through ATF6 in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Liu Jiang , Song Xiaoyun , Li Xiuting , Yang Mu , Wang Fang , Han Ying , Jiang Ying , Lei Yuxin , Jiang Miao , Zhang Wen , Tang Dongqi
Published: February 2024

Background
Glomerular endothelial cell (GENC) injury would be a characteristic of early stage diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the investigation of potential therapeutic targets for preventing GENC injury has clinical importance.
Methods
DN was induced in C57BL/6J mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. GENC was transfected with plasmid containing siRNA-β-arrestin-2, shRNA-ATF6, pCDNA-β-arrestin-2 or pCDNA-ATF6. Additionally, we administrated adeno-associated virus (AAV) containing shRNA-β-arrestin-2 via tail vein injection in DN mice.
Results
The upregulation of β-arrestin-2 was observed in DN patients as well as in GENC from DN mice. Knockdown of β-arrestin-2 reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and apoptosis in high glucose treated GENC which were reversed by overexpression of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Moreover, overexpression of β-arrestin-2 led to the activation of ER stress and the apoptosis of GENC which could be mitigated by silencing of ATF6. Furthermore, knockdown of β-arrestin-2 by the administration of AAV-shRNA-β-arrestin-2 had alleviated renal injury in DN mice.
Conclusions
This study offer novel perspectives on the crucial involvement of β-arrestin-2 in GENC injury. Knockdown of β-arrestin-2 prevents GENC apoptosis by inhibiting ATF6-mediated ER stress in vivo and vitro. Consequently, β-arrestin-2 may represent a promising therapeutic target for the clinical management of patients with DN.
Canola Protein Wood Adhesive with Improved Bonding properties
Authors: Tayo Lawrence Tene , Cárdenas-Oscanova Aldo Joao , Beulshausen Arne , Chen Lizhen , Euring Markus
Published: February 2024

The importance of creating eco-friendly and health-conscious materials has become paramount in striving to attain long term development gaols. For the past decades, constant efforts have been made to tackle the issue of formaldehyde release from wood-based panels which, to date, are still mainly produced using unsustainable synthetic adhesives. In the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally responsible adhesive solutions for the wood industry, sodium bisulfate, sodium bisulfite, and sodium nitrite were used as crosslinkers for canola protein-based bio-adhesive formulations with superior binding properties for the production of particleboards. The developed adhesive formulations showed outstanding mechanical properties, with a viscosity below 4000 mPa/s despite the relatively high solid content, as well as excellent bonding performances. The one-layer particleboards bonded with the canola-based adhesive exhibited excellent mechanical properties, with values of the internal bonding and the bending strength above 0.60 N/mm2 and 10 N/mm2 respectively of the sodium nitrite-treated variants being significantly greater than that of the UF-bonded control boards. the SEM analysis revealed a good crystallisation of the adhesive in the wood-binder matrix. The results of this research showcase not only the possibility of developing a plant protein-based wood adhesive with high solid content, but also the potential superiority of canola protein-based wood adhesives when compared to conventional, synthetic counterparts. This study is a milestone in the field of eco-friendly adhesive technologies, opening new horizons for sustainable wood-based materials.
Energy-Efficient Coverage Control in Clustered WPSNs
Authors: Yuan Lina , Chen Huajun Chen , Gong Jing , Wu Qiuman
Published: February 2024

Recently, the advancement of Wireless Powered Sensor Networks (WPSN) has garnered widespread attention. Due to the limited energy of sensor nodes, adopting efficient design to implement WPSN is highly necessary. The research on energy-efficient coverage control in Clustered WPSN (CWPSN) combined with the sixthgeneration wireless systems (6G) technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has brought new research opportunities and challenges to the field of wireless communication and sensor networks. This paper first introduces the architecture diagram and key technologies of CWPSN, then formulates a set coverage control problem, and proposes a Cluster-based Cooperative Medium Access (CoCMA) coverage control algorithm based on meme to solve the energysaving issue of set coverage control. Finally, the proposed CoCMA algorithm is compared to three other schemes through simulation using Matlab. The experimental results show that the CoCMA algorithm has a significant effect on enhancing the performance of CWPSN.
Influence of Thermal and Ultraviolet Ageing on a Polypropylene and Natural Rubber Blend
Authors: bendjaouahdou Chaouki
Published: February 2024

The literature relatively lacks results and data related to the direct influence of physical ageing on the properties of polypropylene and natural rubber blend. So, the objective of this research is to study the influence of thermal and ultraviolet (UV) ageing on a natural rubber (NR) SMR-ω and polypropylene (PP) blend. This toughened blend is generally used for the fabrication of automobile parts and in the construction industry. The loading of the NR was 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt %. The blends were prepared by calendering followed by melt extrusion and it was subjected to XRD (WAXS) analysis, mechanical testing, thermal and UV ageing, and optical microscopy (OM) observations. The results obtained by X-ray characterisation show that the adding of this kind of rubber does not affect the crystalline structure of the polypropylene matrix. Moreover, the adding of the rubber shows a decrease of the obtained material tensile strength and a valuable increase of the elongation at break. The shore A hardness decrease slightly as the percentage of the natural rubber increase. The optical microscopy indicates the apparition of cracks at the sample surfaces and debonded rubber domains from polypropylene matrix induced by UV and thermal ageing.
A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Implant-Related Complications and Fusion Rates for the Atlantoaxial Fusion with Transarticular Screws and Screw-Rod Constructs.
Authors: Lvov Ivan , Grin Andrey , Talypov Aleksandr , Kordonskiy Anton , Barbakadze Zaali
Published: February 2024

Objectives. This study aims to conduct a comparative meta-analysis on the frequency of implant-related complications and fusion rates between screw-rod C1-C2 fusion (Goel-Harms technique, GHT) and transarticular atlantoaxial fusion (Magerl technique, TAF).
Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review. An initial search in the PubMed database yielded over 5,000 abstracts. Inclusion criteria were articles in English involving both TAF and GHT, patient age over 18 years, and studies reporting on fusion incidence and/or implant-related complications, published since January 1987.
Results. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed no significant differences in surgery duration (SMD = -0.21, 95% CI [-0.79, 0.37]) or intraoperative blood loss volume (SMD = 0.095, 95% CI [-0.41, 0.60]). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between GHT and TAF concerning vertebral artery (VA) injury rate (OR 0.55, 95% CI [0.23 – 1.21]), screw malposition with VA canal perforation (OR 0.77, 95% CI [0.25 – 2.40]), screw malposition in other directions (OR 0.89, 95% CI [0.23-3.44]), C2 radiculopathy (OR 1.3, 95% CI [0.3 – 5.7]), implant failure (OR 0.49, 95% CI [0.16 – 1.46]), and fusion development (OR 1.97, 95% CI [0.93 – 4.16]). Begg's test indicated no publication bias.
Conclusion. This meta-analysis found no significant differences between the Goel-Harms and Magerl methods regarding operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of postoperative implant-related complications, and C1-C2 fusion rates. Further research, especially studies with a higher evidence level, is vital to develop guidelines for the most effective atlantoaxial stabilization method.
Spontaneous polymer alignment enabling the synthesis of oriented 2D covalent organic framework films
Authors: Cusin Luca , Cieciórski Piotr , Gele Samuel Van , Heck Fabian , Krause Simon , Majewski Pawel W. , Lotsch Bettina V. , Danowski Wojciech , Samorì Paolo
Published: February 2024

Despite the rapid progress in the field of 2D polymerisation, the fabrication of high-quality films of 2D covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) remains a longstanding challenge. Herein, we describe a two-stage method for preparing mechanically robust, large-area, porous, highly oriented, imine-linked 2D COF films from kinetically trapped, amorphous covalent adaptable network (CAN) films. The protonated imine-linked CANs are generated by solution casting and undergo an unusual spontaneous alignment in response to the tensile stresses emerging during the evaporation of the solvent. A subsequent amorphous-to-crystalline transformation proceeding under solvothermal conditions converts the 3D oriented networks to porous, free-standing 2D COF films. This protocol is applicable to a broad range of building units and a variety of 2D COF topologies. Our results provide a convenient and general synthetic tool for the assembly of high-quality 2D COFs films suitable for the construction of molecularly precise, oriented, robust, porous materials with tailorable properties.
The LowSugarBerry trait phenotyped at population and single fruit levels
Authors: Bigard Antoine , Berhe Dargie T. , Ojeda Hernan , Romieu Charles , Torregrosa Laurent
Published: February 2024

The grapevine is one of the most widely grown perennial crops worldwide. As for other species displaying clusters of small fruits, the development of single berries within a bunch is asynchronous and heterogeneous. Because of this, the study of water and solute accumulation kinetics and balance at the organ level cannot be directly extrapolated from samples of populations of fruits. In order to have an original and reliable dataset on the accumulation kinetics of the main solutes (primary and secondary metabolites and cations) and water, we analyzed fruit populations sorted according to their density and also individual berries from the onset of sugar importation to the end of phloem unloading. The studies were performed on a panel of varieties representing different metabolic contexts for the relationship between the import of organic and inorganic solutes and fruit growth, including genotypes able to import water at low fruit osmotic potential. These original data sets are suitable to revisit some aspects of the accumulation of main solutes and water in grapevine fruit development and/or to perform comparative studies with other fleshy fruits.
Screening and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed of shAPE1 in esophageal cancer cells based on RNA-seq
Authors: Chu Alan , Sun Chen , Liu Zongwen , Liu Shijia , Li Mengxi , Song Rui , Gan Lanlan , Wang Yongtai , Fan Ruitai
Published: February 2024

Purpose
To explore the impact of APE1 knockout on the transcriptome of esophageal cancer cells, and conduct a preliminary screening of target genes regulated by APE1, in order to provide a basis for clarifying APE1 target genes and finding new anti-esophageal cancer therapeutic targets.
Methods
TE-1 cells with APE1 knockout were used for transcriptome sequencing (RNA sequencing, RNA-Seq) detection, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed. protein network interaction (PPI) analysis was performed on the differential genes, and qRT-PCR and Western blot experiments were used to verify the effect of knocking down APE1 on the expression levels of FN1, TNF and IL-6.
Results
RNA-seq analysis found that a total of 2060 differential genes were detected, including 1063 up-regulated genes and 997 down-regulated genes. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the main enrichment pathway were metabolism, extracellular matrix, inflammatory response, and angiogenesis. PPI protein network analysis found that FN1, TNF and IL-6 may be important target genes of APE1. The three core genes were verified using qRT-PCR and Western blot.
Conclusion
The gene functions affected by APE1 gene knockout in esophageal cancer cells are mainly concentrated in pathways such as metabolism, extracellular matrix, inflammatory response, and angiogenesis. APE1 can promote the transcriptional expression of FN1 and IL6 genes and inhibit the TNF gene. FN1, TNF and IL-6 may be potential target genes regulated by APE1 in esophageal cancer.
Determinants of Postharvest Physical Losses in the Fish Value Chain: Evidence from Lake Hawassa, Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tunsisa Tekalign Tuluka , Dadi Ketema Bekele , Melesse Kumilachew Alamerie
Published: February 2024

Fish are valuable sources of nutrients necessary for physical and cognitive development and playvital roles in maintaining a healthy diet. However, the fish market faces challenges related to postharvest physical loss, which affects supply, food security, and fishermen's income. This study aimed to identify the factors contributing to postharvest physical loss within the fish value chain at Lake Hawassa. The data from 166 fishermen and 7 key informants were analyzedusing descriptive statistics such as the mean and standard deviation, along with the 2SLS model. The findings revealed that the average quantity loss was 5.99 kg per individual per day, signifying its significance in this context. Additionally, other key metrics included an average unit cost of ETB of 1.95, a unit price of ETB of 48.28, and an average daily fish catch of 45 kg. The 2SLS model output revealed that fish catch volume, access to market information, education, access to extension services, fish value addition, membership in a fishercooperative, distance from the landing site to the nearest market, and nonfarmincome significantly affected postharvest physical loss. Considering the significant impact of these factors on physical loss after harvest, it is imperative for policymakers to prioritize and allocate resources to enhancing access to market information, improving fishers' education, and strengthening extension services. Additionally, promoting value addition in the fishery sector and supporting the establishment of fisher cooperatives can play a crucial role in reducing postharvest losses and improving the overall economic conditions of fishers. Furthermore, investing in infrastructure to facilitate better access to markets can also contribute to minimizing physical losses and ensuring a steady supply of fish for consumers. By addressing these key factors, the government and relevant organizations can work toward creating a more sustainable and efficient fishery sector.
Systematic Review on Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Isolates in Human Stools and Animal Origin Foods in Ethiopia
Authors: Yosef Dek Kahin
Published: February 2024

Background
Food borne diseases caused by non-Typhoidal Salmonella spp remains critical public health threat globally. Human Salmonellosis resulted in millions of deaths worldwide where developing countries such as Ethiopia are mostly affected. Nowadays, globally Salmonella spp isolated from human stools and animal origin foods exhibited wider antimicrobial resistance; in addition, multi-drug resistant salmonella strains have been reported from Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore; the overall aim of this review is to qualitative summarize the available data of Salmonella spp from Human stool and animal origin foods in Ethiopia.
Method
systematical search of relevant literatures from three databases (PubMed, Google scholar and Science Direct) was carried out with regard of specific date of publications (2010–2021) in order to summarize the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella spp from human stool and animal origin foods in Ethiopia.
Result
52 Research articles have fulfilled in the inclusion criteria of this systematic review and got included. 37 of them had been selected for prevalence of Salmonella spp whereas 15 of them had been chosen for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Most of the articles reported higher prevalence of salmonella isolates together with increased drug resistance. The prevalence of salmonella spp in articles targeting food handlers ranged from 1.2–9.04%. Articles focusing on children and U-5 children had a prevalence of salmonella spp ranging from 0.9–12.6%. Studies involving animal-related foods like Milk, Meat, and eggs reported a highest prevalence of 20% for salmonella species, followed by 16.4%.
Conclusion and Recommendation
after qualitative summarizing of the included articles, Salmonella spp shows higher prevalence (specifically among U-5 children followed by outpatients) and higher antibiotic resistance (particularly against Ampicillin followed by tetracycline) in Ethiopia. Therefore, early and accurate laboratory diagnosis with antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, hygienic practices improvement and appropriate use of antibiotics are highly recommended.
An Authentic Approach to Client-Server Communication Based on an Algorithmic Time-Bound Validation
Authors: Jain Vishal , Bhatt Monika , Patel Mayank , N.S.Rat
Published: February 2024

In sensitive communication, the genuineness of the data (messages) plays the most important role. Often, communication is misunderstood if the data are not validated before they are sent. This occurs because the data to be delivered can be typed incorrectly or because the data are fetched incorrectly (not in order) from the source where they are already stored. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce a new approach to client-server communication based on time-bound validation of the messages. This paper introduces an algorithm to overcome this issue. With respect to the algorithm, we propose a tricky approach that can be used by the client and the server to ensure the exchange of validated data (messages). The delivery of reviewed data ensures that no incorrect or misleading data are sent to the opposite side. The concept of a timer is therefore used in this research. The paper focuses on the validation of data from one of two sources: 1) a text file or 2) a keyboard (user input). By implementing the proposed algorithm, the server and the client can communicate with each other without any false interpretation of the data delivered. In this way, highly sensitive communication can occur successfully without any misunderstanding, which often arises because of the lack of reviewed data.
Aspects of 4d supersymmetric dynamics and geometry
Authors: Razamat Shlomo S. , Sabag Evyatar , Sela Orr , Zafrir Gabi
Published: February 2024

In this set of five Lectures we present a basic toolbox to discuss the dynamics of four dimensional supersymmetric quantum field theories. In particular we overview the program of geometrically engineering the four dimensional supersymmetric models as compactifications of six dimensional SCFTs. We discuss how strong coupling phenomena in four dimensions, such as duality and emergence of symmetry, can be naturally imbedded in the geometric constructions. The Lectures mostly review results which previously appeared in the literature but also contain some unpublished derivations.
Unusual course of mastitis in the mare in the course of strangles resulting in autoamputation of the mammary gland – a case report
Authors: KOZDROWSKI ROLAND , BIAZIK ANNA , SOBUŚ MAGDALENA , CZWAŁGA DOMINIKA , WNUK AGNIESZKA , HENKLEWSKI RADOMIR
Published: February 2024

Inflammation of the mammary gland (mastitis) is not a common disease in mares. Moreover, abscessation of the mammary gland is rare, and the pathogenesis of abscessation is not fully understood. As a rule, in such cases, intensive antibiotic therapy is required, combined with the rinsing of the abscess, and in cases of botryomycosis, the mammary gland must be surgically removed. The case described here concerns a six-yearold mare with right-sided mastitis and typical signs caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. The bacteria were sensitive to a number of antibiotics, including penicillin. Before the results of microbiological examination were obtained, the mare was treated with sulfamerazine 25 g/day, trimethoprim 5 g/day (per os) and gentamicin at a dose of 5.5 mg/kg (i.v.), as well as with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Despite the treatment, the mare’s condition began to deteriorate (loss of appetite, leukocytosis, enlargement and rupture of the mandibular lymph nodes, reluctance to move and cracking of the udder skin with purulent discharge). Then, procaine penicillin was administered at a dose of 6000 mg/day i.m. The mare’s condition began to improve, but large amounts of pus continued to ooze from the cracks in the skin of the udder, and on the sixteenth day after penicillin administration, the affected part of the gland underwent spontaneous autoamputation. Inspection of the wound after the autoamputation of the right part of the mammary gland showed no remains of abnormal tissue. The etiological agent and the signs of the disease indicate that an abscess of the right side of the mammary gland was formed in the course of strangles. The formation of abscesses in various parts of the body, including the mammary gland, is not unusual in the course of strangles. What is unusual, however, is the autoamputation of the mammary gland. The mare was discharged home within a few days of the autoamputation, and no further complications were reported.
Experience Economy as a Strategic Vector of Tourism Development in the Primorye Region
Authors: Beleckiy Andrey , Pakhomov Vacheslav
Published: February 2024

The article introduces a strategic analysis of tourism in Russia in general and the Primorye Territory in particular. Sustainable territorial development depends on various strategic factors. A region can achieve successful socio-economic development in tourism only by meeting the needs of its residents and potential tourists. This study covered four areas of experience economy, i.e., entertainment, learning, aesthetics, and escapism, as well as some other factors that shape the touristic attractiveness of the Far East as a source of unforgettable impressions. The prioritizing procedure was based on the methodology developed by Professor V.L. Kvint. Experience economy proved to render new opportunities to the strategic development of regional tourism. For potential visitors to the Russian Far East, service quality appeared to be less important than the opportunity to get new unforgettable experience.
Iron, manganese, and lead contamination in groundwater of Bangladesh: a review
Authors: Islam Md. Zahidul , Mostafa M. G.
Published: February 2024

Groundwater is a vital source of safe drinking water in Bangladesh and most South Asian countries. The study aimed to identify the sources and assess the contamination of Fe, Mn, and Pb in groundwater. The study considered published articles, reports, and data repositories of concerned departments over the past two decades using various search engines, including Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. The study results showed the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Pb in groundwater exceeded 55.93, 75.44, and 37.50%, respectively, of different standards, including the World Health Organization and United Nations Environmental Protection Agency. The concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Pb ranged from 0.003 to 16.6, 0.00063 to 3.11, and 0.0006 to 5.01 mg/L, respectively, and followed the order Fe > Mn > Pb in the groundwater of Bangladesh. Sources of Fe and Mn in groundwater are mostly geogenic in origin, while Pb contamination in groundwater is anthropogenic and derives from industry dust piles, vehicle exhaust discharge, lead pipes, faucets, fixtures, and batteries. The higher levels of heavy metals in groundwater cause health and environmental hazards. The study recommended that the higher concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Pb in groundwater make it unsuitable for drinking purposes and should be treated before consumption.
Diversidad y composición florística en un área de bosque premontano en Satipo / Junín / Perú
Authors: Rivera Rosalynn , Reynel Carlos , Giacomotti José
Published: February 2024

Se estableció la Parcela Permanente Santa Teresa Bosque Primario Intervenido (P-SPI) de una hectárea para determinar la diversidad y composición florística de un área de bosque premontano del Fundo Santa Teresa en el distrito Río Negro, Satipo, en el departamento de Junín a una altitud de 940 m s.n.m. En el muestreo se incluyeron todos los individuos arbóreos y arborescentes con diámetro a la altura del pecho (d.a.p.) ≥ 10 cm. Se registraron un total de 698 individuos correspondientes a 46 familias, 103 géneros y 157 especies. En esta parcela la diversidad alfa es mayor a otros estudios en bosques premontanos de la Selva Central del Perú, así como en la Amazonía baja. Las familias más diversas fueron Lauraceae, Moraceae y Fabaceae, que forman parte de las familias más importantes registradas para comunidades boscosas de la Amazonía. Las especies más abundantes fueron Senefeldera inclinata Müll. Arg., Hevea guianensis Aubl., Oenocarpus bataua Mart. y Pourou­ma minor Benoist. Se realizó un análisis comparativo a nivel de familias y géneros entre la parcela P-SPI y cinco parcelas establecidas en el ámbito del departamento de Junín, la parcela más similar en su composición florística a P-SPI fue la parcela P-SST, también establecida en el Fundo Santa Teresa. Los resultados indican que P-SPI presentó una alta diversidad de especies y una composición florística característica del estrato premontano. Además, se considera al Fundo Santa Teresa como un espacio estratégicamente ubicado, con un buen estado de conservación y una alta diversidad de especies forestales, lo que le otorga un alto valor para realizar nuevas investigaciones en las líneas de dendrología, ecología y silvicultura.
Uso de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) como portainjerto para la propagación de especies de Passiflora supersect. Tacsonia colectadas en Perú
Authors: Chávez-Corcuera Gonzalo , Torres-Chacón Rosmery , Fernandez Elizabeth , Elías Rosa Angelica , Gutiérrez Dina L.
Published: February 2024

Las especies de Passiflora supersect. Tacsonia (Juss.) Feuillet & J.M. MacDougal son plantas adaptadas a los ecosistemas andinos que producen frutos comestibles. Estos son cultivados y comercializados a pequeña escala para su consumo como fruta fresca y para la elaboración de postres y bebidas. Ante las fuertes perturbaciones antrópicas y ambientales que sufre el hábitat natural de las especies de Passiflora L., la extinción parcial o total de ellas es una realidad latente. Por ello, con el fin de conservar estos recursos en Bancos de Germoplasma, es necesario el desarrollo de métodos óptimos para la propagación de las distintas especies. Con la intención de conservar ex situ, en la Colección de Passiflora del Banco de Germoplasma del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) a las especies de Passiflora supersect. Tacsonia, se verificó la viabilidad del uso de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa O. Deg. como portainjerto para la propagación asexual de seis taxa seleccionados. Pa­ ssiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm-Niels. & P. Jørg., P. cumbalensis (H. Karst.) Harms, P. pinnatistipula Cav., P. tarminiana Coppens & V.E. Barney, P. peduncularis Cav. y P. trifoliata Cav. var. trifoliata fueron injertados en P. edulis f. flavicarpa obteniendo un éxito de prendimiento y aclimatación óptima para todos los taxa seleccionados. Adicionalmente, todos los taxa con excepción de P. trifoliata var. trifoliata produjeron flores y frutos. Finalmente, este es el primer registro de propagación y cultivo exitoso para P. trifoliata y P. peduncularis, ambas especies endémicas de Perú, en un hábitat cercano al nivel del mar.
Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial High-rate Episodes Detected by Cardiac
Implantable Electronic Devices
Authors: Spartalis Michael , Kontogiannis Christos , Spartalis Eleftherios , Iliopoulos Dimitrios C. , Siasos Gerasimos
Published: February 2024

Atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE) are atrial tachyarrhythmias that are identified by the use of continuous rhythm monitoring devices such as pacemakers, defibrillators, or implantable cardiac monitors. Nevertheless, the therapeutic implications of these rhythm disturbances remain uncertain. The presence of AHRE is associated with an increased risk of stroke as compared to patients who do not exhibit AHRE. The utilisation of
oral anticoagulation has the ability to mitigate the likelihood of stroke occurrence in patients with AHRE.
However, it is important to note that this treatment approach is also linked to a severe bleeding rate of approximately 2% per year. The stroke rate among individuals diagnosed with AHRE appears to be comparatively
lower when compared to patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. The efficacy and safety of anticoagulation
in patients with AHRE have yet to be definitively established. Further research is required to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulation in individuals with AHRE.
Do Anticancer Medicinal Compounds have DNMT1 Regulating Activity: An In silico Investigation
Authors: Shah Fahad Hassan , Kim Song Ja
Published: February 2024

Background:

DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are a group of epigenetic enzymes
implicated in regulating gene expression in actively dividing cells. Among these enzymes,
DNMT1 plays a leading role in causing increased DNA methylation of tumor suppressors and
other genes in cancer cells. This methylation event disrupts the cell cycle regulating genes, allowing
an uninterrupted proliferation of cancer cells, and stimulating the inhibition of the degradation
of proteins and aberrant transcription activation. Cytosine analog drugs have been shown
to reduce DNA methylation but provoke the expression of other prometastatic genes. On the
other hand, medicinal compounds act similarly to cytosine analogs by reducing the expression
and activity of DNMT1, as reported in some in vitro cancer studies. However, it remains a mystery
what those promising medicinal compounds are that show such activity.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to screen medicinal compounds that reduce the expression
and interact with the active site residues of DNMT1.

Methods:

To analyze medicinal compounds against DNMT1, two in silico tools were employed:
DIGEP-pred and IGEMDOCK to discover and identify 98 lead medicinal compounds having
anticancer potential, capable of regulating DNMT1 expression and activity.

Results:

Our results have identified twenty (20) medicinal compounds that reduced the expression
of DNMT1 up to 50-77% as compared to the standard cytosine analog (91.5%). These compounds
have also interacted with the reported active site residues of DNMT1, as predicted by
IGEMDOCK. These compounds have adequate druglikeness, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic
properties as described by Protox-II and ADMET lab 2.0.

Conclusion:

Thus, our study provides an initial report of those medicinal compounds that have
DNMT1 targeting ability and have a relatively safer pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile.
Development of an Indirect ELISA for the Detection of Lactoferrin in
Type 2 Diabetes Plasma: A Novel Approach
Authors: Alhalwani Amani
Published: February 2024

Background:

In biological systems, lactoferrin (LF) is a crucial protein for protecting the
body against diseases and pathogens that can affect both humans and animals. LF is a multifunction
protein that binds to different surface receptors to stimulate the innate immune system. In diabetes,
lactoferrin has a direct association with inflammation. The effects of inflammation interaction are
unknown but reasonably could include changes in LF, a body protein whose changed concentration
correlates with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The LF content in plasma has been used as a disease biomarker, and there is a need for convenient and reliable assays.

Method:

An innovative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and
applied to measure circulating lactoferrin levels as an inflammation marker in human samples, including healthy and type 2 diabetes.

Results:

Under optimized conditions, the proposed indirect ELISA was evaluated and linearly responded to LF standards in a 0.05–0.5 µgmL−1 range. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05
µgmL−1, and a reliable limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.240 µgmL−1
.

Conclusion:

The developed assay showed both specificity and reproducibility, indicating the utility
of this indirect ELISA in LF monitoring. This study provides a definitive indirect ELISA protocol to
detect various lactoferrin antigens with accurate, reliable, and reproducible data, and it could be applied for diagnosing lactoferrin-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Our innovative approach
provides a relatively cost-effective, sensitive, and precise way to assess LF in various human plasmas.
Deep Learning Models for Prediction of Disease in Lycopersicum
Authors: Arun Kumar Nakatha , Kumar Sathish S.
Published: February 2024

In the Indian economy, agriculture is one of the main economic resources.
Unemployment is one of the biggest problems. In many areas, agriculture offers about
60% of jobs. Various roles and responsibilities are involved in the agricultural sector
including farmers, farm equipment operators, technical specialists, and more. There are
a number of opportunities available in the agricultural sector. In developing countries,
unemployment has decreased significantly since agriculture accounts for 20% of GDP,
and agriculture can yield much greater benefits. Crops are classified into commercial
and non-commercial crops. Most people can access and use non-commercial crops in
their daily lives. Tomatoes are considered non-commercial crop. The edible berry of
the species, Solanum lycopersicum, is commonly known as the tomato plant. Tomato
plants are affected by many different diseases and because of these diseases, the losses
are heavy. The disease can affect leaf, stem, or tomatoes. Initially, the disease is
observed in the leaves, and eventually the disease worsens. Anticipating disease at an
early stage is a major concern and therefore preventive measures are taken to obtain
good crop quantity and quality. Applying deep learning techniques to disease detection
has many advantages over other machine learning techniques. Deep learning is a part
of machine learning techniques that helps train computers to do things that are natural
to humans.
A Smart Hydroponics System for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Jaiswal Supriya , Rawat Gopal , Khadse Chetan , Sharma Sohit
Published: February 2024

The agriculture sector not only contributes to the nation's economy but also
serves as an important element in foreign exchange and trade markets. With the
advancement in technology, robots, drones, satellite imagining, IoT, wireless sensor
networks, machine learning, big data analytics, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
are being deployed to manage, monitor and control agricultural chores. However, the
farmers are unable to meet the increasing urban food demand with limited cultivable
land availability. Thus, to solve this issue, hydroponic farming is opted for in several
parts of the world. It is a soil-free and nutrient-rich water medium for agriculture,
which is increasingly opted for by the urban population. Hydroponic farming has been
vastly explored in the context of urban farming, where land, water, time, and labour are
required in a limited amount, yet productivity is far better compared to traditional
agricultural methods.

 It has been recently adopted in urban sections in India due to restricted movement in
COVID-19 pandemic situations to fulfil basic food requirements. However, hydroponic
farming has shortcomings such as higher initial cost, the possibility of complex nutrient
discharge problems, the energy requirement for the creation of microclimatic
conditions, fertigation and effluent treatment and pretrained skilled labour. In order to
resolve these issues, a smart hydroponic farming architecture is discussed, which
reduces human intervention and water wastage using wireless sensor networks and IoT.
In order to successfully and efficiently implement the agricultural supply chain,
machine learning algorithms and data mining techniques are utilized from the
production to inventory storage stage. The following sections deal with a brief
introduction to hydroponic farming, its architecture and components, and future
opportunities regarding the field of automated hydroponic farming.
Agriculture Robotics
Authors: Mallikharjuna Reddy Bogala
Published: February 2024

In an agriculture-based society, where sustainable farming operations are
required, quantitative field status and plant-by-plant monitoring may benefit all
cultivators by enhancing farmland management. Sensing technology, artificial
intelligence, autonomous robotics, and computerized data analytics will be important.
In this book chapter, the essential features of using robotics in agriculture are
presented; namely, the primary reasons for the automation of agriculture, the role of
robotics in agriculture, its classification, evolution, and consideration of autonomous
navigation for commercial agricultural robots, currently existing models of agriculture
robots and their comparison, the potential benefits and limitations of agriculture
robotics, gathering of massive data and using data science approaches for improving
the food productivity and its influence on boosting the agriculture industry. The current
study focuses on the adoption of agriculture robotics in the farming sector for various
purposes (from land preparation to harvesting). The application of agriculture robotics
for food production can favor the incorporation of agricultural robotics companies to
minimize labor costs and food shortages. Furthermore, agriculture robotics can be the
catalyst for new sources of information on the environmental impact (agroecological
footprint) of the local food production chain.
Internet of Green Things (IoGT) for Carbon-Free Economy
Authors: Mohammed Sanusi Sadiq , Invinder Paul Singh , Muhammad Makarfi Ahmad
Published: February 2024

War, pollution, and a plethora of other threats are prevailing in the world on
a daily basis. The globe, which has a population of more than 7.3 billion, is constantly
harmed by human activity. Climate change is one of the world's most lethal problems
because of these severe deformations. UN reported that 10000 people have died in
extreme weather events like fire and floods in the past two years. Globally, $280 billion
is lost to climate catastrophes from 2021 to 2022. While a single action won't be able to
stop or slow down climate change, many tiny contributions from several professions
will help it have an emotional effect. Scientists from all over the world are looking for
ways to manage the transformation of the landscape in order to anticipate the dangers
of climate change and, if possible, to reduce their effects on the future of the earth.
Particularly with the Internet of Things (IoT), it is possible to slow the increase in
global temperatures and cut back on hothouse emigration. The Internet of Things (IoT)
encompasses more than just cutting-edge gadgets and intelligent machinery since it
affects the state of the planet, from its climate to its financial resources. If we use
technology effectively, it may be the instrument that saves the world. Since it involves
everything from monitoring ozone levels in a meat packing facility to keeping an eye
on public trees for banks, environmental monitoring is a broad activity for the Internet
of Things (IoT). These findings mark the beginning of the process of developing
several interconnected architectures that will support cutting-edge services and have
greater effectiveness and flexibility.
Applications of Smart Farming Sensors: A Way Forward
Authors: Pal Prasenjit , Poddar Sandeep
Published: February 2024

The introduction of sensing-based technology has transformed the
agriculture sector in many ways. This chapter explores the potential of sensing-based
technology, including big data and artificial intelligence, in agriculture to lower
production costs and increase yield efficiencies. The application of various sensors is
explained in various sectors of agriculture, like crop farming, animal farming, and fish
farming. This technology has the potential to automate farming and has the ability to
shift to precise cultivation for higher crop yields and better quality while using the
minimum resources. This chapter also elaborates on the different types of sensors used
in agriculture, their benefits, and related issues for their various applications. These
technologies have some real issues in the application, which need to be sorted out, and
more efforts should be made to make the product more cost effective, relevant, and
customized for the use of farmers.
Lekamer Fortir Cookies as Snack Alternative for Malnourished Toddlers
Authors: Bakara Tiar Lince , Rumida Rumida , Nasution Erlina , Siahaan Ginta
Published: February 2024

Cookies serve as an alternative snack option and an additional food source for toddlers. These cookies are widely enjoyed due to their taste, soft, and crunchy texture. This study aimed to analyze the chemical and organoleptic quality of Lekamer Fortir cookies, made from local food ingredients consisting of catfish, forte, oyster mushrooms, and red beans. This study used ANOVA test and analyzed the chemical, physical, and sensory quality of cookies, exploring their potential to prevent malnutrition. The selected cookies, formula D, consisted of 40 grams of red bean flour, 10 grams of oyster mushroom flour, 40 grams of catfish flour, and 10 grams of tempeh formula flour. Organoleptic test results showed an average score of 3.79, indicating a strong preference. Further examination of the nutritional composition of Formula D revealed that carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber were below 100% of the 2019 Recommended Daily Allowance (AKG) requirement. In contrast, calcium, zinc, and iron (Fe) content exceeded 100% of the 2019 AKG requirement. The results of the panelists’ preference for cookies using red bean flour, catfish flour, white oyster mushroom flour, and forte showed no significant differences in color, texture, and taste in each sample.
Pengaruh Ekspresi Pertumbuhan Generatif Terhadap Krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium) Potong Tipe Spray Akibat Pencahayaan Buatan
Authors: Qisthi Diosdhado , Sitawati Sitawati
Published: February 2024

Tanaman krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium) merupakan bunga potong yang sangat digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia karena memiliki berbagai bentuk kelopak dan warna yang menarik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari respon pertumbuhan dan pembungaan tanaman krisan potong tipe spray melalui pemberian cahaya tambahan LED 9 watt dan CLF 20 watt selama fase hari panjang tanaman krisan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di rumah plastik pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2023 di Desa Semanding, Kecamatan Tutur, Kabupaten Pasuruan, provinsi Jawa Timur dengan ketinggian 1200 mdpl. Lampu LED (9 watt) memberikan pengaruh pada panjang tangkai yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan CLF (20 watt) pada krisan potong tipe spray. Tetapi tidak menunjukkan ekspresi yang berbeda pada variabel jumlah daun, luas daun, indeks klorofil, diameter bunga, diameter batang, jumlah total bunga, jumlah bunga mekar, jumlah kuncup bunga, dan vase life. Penyinaran menggunakan LED 9 watt menunjukkan tinggi tanaman dengan 7,37% lebih besar dari CLF 20 watt, meskipun pada dua perlakuan menunjukkan tanaman krisan potong yang telah mencapai Standar Nasional Indonesia.
Keberhasilan Persilangan Intraspesies pada Ercis (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Oldisya Oldisya , Waluyo Budi
Published: February 2024

Ercis (Pisum sativum L.) merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai nutrisi tinggi seperti karbohidrat sebanyak 36,1 g, protein 13,7 g, lemak 8 g, asam askorbat 54 mg, kalsium 45 mg, dan fosfor 29 mg. Tanaman ercis mempunyai kadar manfaat bagi tubuh manusia untuk menurunkan kolesterol, meremajakan kulit dan mencegah osteoporosis. Selain itu, ercis mengandung vitamin A, vitamin B1 dan vitamin C. Ercis berpotensi di Indonesia karena pada beberapa tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan permintaan ercis, karena masyarakat sudah banyak peduli akan kesehatan dan mengetahui bahwa kandungan baik untuk tubuh. Namun ketersediaan ercis di Indonesia masih belum cukup untuk memenuhi permintaan pasar tersebut, dikarenakan masih minimnya budidaya ercis di Indonesia. Bahan yang digunakan adalah 4 genotipe ercis berbeda yaitu G1, G2, G3 dan G4. Proses analisis menggunakan statistika deskriptif yang menggunakan pola perkawinan diallel lengkap sehingga dapat melihat tingkat keberhasilan persilangan. Setelah itu dapat membandingkan jumlah persilangan yang dilakukan dengan keberhasilan terbentuknya polong dan biji. Faktor perubahan morfologi juga dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang menyerbuk sendiri. Keberhasilan persilangan memicu adanya perubahan bentuk, ukuran, warna dan bobot pada polong dan biji. Keberhasilan polong dari 12 seri persilangan tertinggi terdapat pada seri 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 dan 11 yang memiliki persentase 100%, persentase keberhasilan biji terdapat pada seri persilangan 1, 2, 5 dan 7 yaitu 50%, 54%, 51% dan 52%. Perubahan karakter bentuk polong terdapat pada seri persilangan 5, 7 dan 10, lalu perbedaan warna terdapat pada seri persilangan 3, 4, 7, 8, 10 dan 11.