bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Multifarious Medical Applications of Carbon Curvatures: A Cohort review
Authors: Chavda Vishal , Patel Vimal
Published: October 2020

Carbon curvatures are novel therapeutic bio-material that are being studied due to its
multifarious applications in a variety of research aspects. All the carbon allotropes were grouped
mathematically into three types based upon surface Gaussian curvatures: zero curvature
(graphene), negative curvature (schwarzites), and positive curvature (fullerenes, CNTs), because
they have physiochemical activities, such as optoelectrical, chemical, thermal and magnetic properties.
All these allotropes consist of sp2 hybridization with delocalized π bond electrons. Based on
the types and number of aromatic carbon rings, all ofthese have unique geometric structural characteristics,
chirality, and solubility, which offers them as a potential candidate for biomedical and
therapeutic applications. In this short review, we highlight the basic structural and physicochemical
characteristics of carbon allotropes and their biomedical and therapeutic applications recentlystudied
by researchers and describe the therapeutic applications of graphene and its derivatives in
drug delivery, gene delivery, bio-imaging, biosensors, therapeutic diagnosis, and photo-stimulation
therapies.
Using an Electronic App to Promote Home-Based Self-Care in Older Patients With Heart Failure: Qualitative Study on Patient and Informal Caregiver Challenges
Authors: Wali Sahr , Keshavjee Karim , Nguyen Linda , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Demers Catherine
Published: October 2020

Background

Heart failure (HF) affects many older individuals in North America, with recurrent hospitalizations despite postdischarge strategies to prevent readmission. Proper HF self-care can potentially lead to better clinical outcomes, yet many older patients find self-care challenging. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can provide support to patients with respect to HF self-care. However, many mHealth apps are not designed to consider potential patient barriers, such as literacy, numeracy, and cognitive impairment, leading to challenges for older patients. We previously demonstrated that a paper-based standardized diuretic decision support tool (SDDST) with daily weights and adjustment of diuretic dose led to improved self-care.

Objective

The aim of this study is to better understand the self-care challenges that older patients with HF and their informal care providers (CPs) face on a daily basis, leading to the conversion of the SDDST into a user-centered mHealth app.

Methods

We recruited 14 patients (male: 8/14, 57%) with a confirmed diagnosis of HF, aged ≥60 years, and 7 CPs from the HF clinic and the cardiology ward at the Hamilton General Hospital. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the self-care heart failure index: patients with adequate self-care, patients with inadequate self-care without a CP, or patients with inadequate self-care with a CP. We conducted semistructured interviews with patients and their CPs using persona-scenarios. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed for emerging themes using an inductive approach.

Results

Six themes were identified: usability of technology, communication, app customization, complexity of self-care, usefulness of HF-related information, and long-term use and cost. Many of the challenges patients and CPs reported involved their unfamiliarity with technology and the lack of incentive for its use. However, participants were supportive and more likely to actively use the HF app when informed of the intervention’s inclusion of volunteer and nurse assistance.

Conclusions

Patients with varying self-care adequacy levels were willing to use an mHealth app if it was simple in its functionality and user interface. To promote the adoption and usability of these tools, patients confirmed the need for researchers to engage with end users before developing an app. Findings from this study can be used to help inform the design of an mHealth app to ensure that it is adapted for the needs of older individuals with HF.
Assessing the Effect of Training on the Cognition and Brain of Older Adults: Protocol for a Three-Arm Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial (ACTOP)
Authors: Boujut Arnaud , Mellah Samira , Lussier Maxime , Maltezos Samantha , Verty Lynn Valeyry , Bherer Louis , Belleville Sylvie
Published: October 2020

Background

To prevent age-related cognitive impairment, many intervention programs offer exercises targeting different central cognitive processes. However, the effects of different process-based training programs are rarely compared within equivalent experimental designs.

Objective

Using a randomized double-blind controlled trial, this project aims to examine and compare the impact of 2 process-based interventions, inhibition and updating, on the cognition and brain of older adults.

Methods

A total of 90 healthy older adults were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 training conditions: (1) inhibition (Stroop-like exercises), (2) updating (N-back-type exercises), and (3) control active (quiz game exercise). Training was provided in 12 half-hour sessions over 4 weeks. First, the performance gain observed will be measured on the trained tasks. We will then determine the extent of transfer of gain on (1) untrained tasks that rely on the same cognitive process, (2) complex working memory (WM) measurements hypothesized to involve 1 of the 2 trained processes, and (3) virtual reality tasks that were designed to mimic real-life situations that require WM. We will assess whether training increases cortical volume given that the volume of the cortex is determined by cortical area and thickness in regions known to be involved in WM or changes task-related brain activation patterns measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dose effects will be examined by measuring outcomes at different time points during training. We will also determine whether individual characteristics moderate the effect of training on cognitive and cerebral outcomes. Finally, we will evaluate whether training reduces the age-related deficit on transfer and brain outcomes, by comparing study participants to a group of 30 younger adults.

Results

The project was funded in January 2017; enrollment began in October 2017 and data collection was completed in April 2019. Data analysis has begun in June 2020 and the first results should be published by the end of 2020 or early 2021.

Conclusions

The results of this study will help understand the relative efficacy of 2 attentional control interventions on the cognition and the brain of older adults, as well as the moderating role of individual characteristics on training efficiency and transfer.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03532113; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03532113

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/20430
Intervention to Improve Preschool Children’s Fundamental Motor Skills: Protocol for a Parent-Focused, Mobile App–Based Comparative Effectiveness Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Webster E Kipling , Kracht Chelsea L. , Newton Jr Robert L. , Beyl Robbie A. , Staiano Amanda E.
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Preschool age is an important time to master fundamental motor skills (FMS) through structured physical activity, yet many young children lag behind in motor skill development.

OBJECTIVE

The Promoting Lifelong Activity in Youth (PLAY) study is a pilot comparative effectiveness trial to test the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of a mobile app delivered to parents to promote FMS development in their preschool children (aged 3-5 years).

METHODS

We conducted a 2-arm, parallel-design, randomized comparative effectiveness trial in 72 parent-child dyads from the southeastern United States. Experts in motor development and developmental psychology developed an app designed to deliver a 12-week program to parents of preschoolers using 1 of 2 curricula: an FMS program (intervention) that involved peer modeling, parent engagement, and structured skills-based activities and an unstructured physical activity (comparator) curriculum that provided suggestions for child-led physical activity (ie, free play). Primary outcomes are feasibility and acceptability of the app and child’s FMS measured at end of intervention (week 12). Exploratory outcomes are child’s objective physical activity, perceived movement competence, and parent report of self-regulation at the end of treatment (week 12) and sustained outcomes at follow-up (week 24).

RESULTS

This project was funded in September 2018, with institutional review board approval in August 2018. Data collection took place from May 2019 through February 2020. To date, the project team has completed data collection on 69 preschool-age children, and results are expected to be published by 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The PLAY study examines the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a mobile app, parent-led curricula to promote FMS proficiency for preschool children. If found to be effective, the app has the potential for wide-scale dissemination to parents of preschoolers and to provide a model for the utilization of mobile apps to promote young children’s motor skill development.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03901300; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03901300

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/19943
The Effects of Workplace-Based HIV Self-testing on Uptake of Testing and Linkage to HIV Care or Prevention by Men in Uganda (WISe-Men): Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Muwanguzi Patience A , Ngabirano Tom Denis , Kiwanuka Noah , Nelson LaRon E , Nasuuna Esther M , Osingada Charles Peter , Nabunya Racheal , Nakanjako Damalie , Sewankambo Nelson K
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

HIV testing uptake remains low among men in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV self-testing (HIVST) at the workplace is a novel approach to increase the availability of, and access to, testing among men. However, both access and linkage to posttest services remain a challenge.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this protocol is to describe a cluster randomized trial (CRT)—Workplace-Based HIV Self-testing Among Men (WISe-Men)—to evaluate the effect of HIVST in workplace settings on the uptake of HIV testing services (HTS) and linkage to treatment and prevention services among men employed in private security services in Uganda.

METHODS

This is a two-arm CRT involving men employed in private security services in two Ugandan districts. The participants in the intervention clusters will undergo workplace-based HIVST using OraQuick test kits. Those in the control clusters will receive routine HTS at their work premises. In addition to HTS, participants in both the intervention and control arms will undergo other tests and assessments, which include blood pressure assessment, blood glucose and BMI measurement, and rapid diagnostic testing for syphilis. The primary outcome is the uptake of HIV testing. The secondary outcomes include HIV status reporting, linkage into HIV care and confirmatory testing following HIVST, initiation of antiretroviral therapy following a confirmatory HIV test, the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision, consistent condom use, and the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis by the most at-risk populations.

RESULTS

Participant enrollment commenced in February 2020, and the trial is still recruiting study participants. Follow-up for currently enrolled participants is ongoing. Data collection and analysis is expected to be completed in December 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The WISe-Men trial will provide information regarding whether self-testing at worksites increases the uptake of HIV testing as well as the linkage to care and prevention services at male-dominated workplaces in Uganda. Additionally, the findings will help us propose strategies for improving men’s engagement in HTS and ways to improve linkage to further care following a reactive or nonreactive HIVST result.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04164433; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04164433

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/25099
Infection-Related Acute Care Events among Patients with Glomerular Disease
Authors: Glenn Dorey A. , Henderson Candace D. , O’Shaughnessy Michelle , Hu Yichun , Bomback Andrew , Gibson Keisha , Greenbaum Larry A. , Zee Jarcy , Mariani Laura , Falk Ronald , Hogan Susan , Mottl Amy ,   on behalf of the CureGN Consortium
Published: October 2020

Background and objectives

Infections contribute to patient morbidity and mortality in glomerular disease. We sought to describe the incidence of, and identify risk factors for, infection-related acute care events among Cure Glomerulonephropathy Network (CureGN) study participants.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

CureGN is a prospective, multicenter, cohort study of children and adults with biopsy sample–proven minimal change disease, FSGS, membranous nephropathy, or IgA nephropathy/vasculitis. Risk factors for time to first infection-related acute care events (hospitalization or emergency department visit) were identified using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results

Of 1741 participants (43% female, 41% <18 years, 68% White), 163 (9%) experienced infection-related acute care events over a median follow-up of 17 months (interquartile range, 9–26 months). Unadjusted incidence rates of infection-related acute care events were 13.2 and 6.2 events per 100 person-years among pediatric and adult participants, respectively. Among participants with versus without corticosteroid exposure at enrollment, unadjusted incidence rates were 50.6 and 28.6 per 100 person-years, respectively, during the first year of follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio for time to first infection, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.93), and 4.1 and 1.1 per 100 person-years, respectively, after 1 year of follow-up (hazard ratio, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.54 to 5.79). Hypoalbuminemia combined with nephrotic-range proteinuria (serum albumin ≤2.5 g/dl and urinary protein-creatinine ratio >3.5 mg/mg), compared with serum albumin >2.5 g/dl and urinary protein-creatinine ratio ≤3.5 mg/mg, was associated with higher risk of time to first infection (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.51 to 4.12).

Conclusions

Among CureGN participants, infection-related acute care events were common and associated with younger age, corticosteroid exposure, and hypoalbuminemia with proteinuria.
The prevalence, disease characteristics and treatment of chronic venous disease: an international web-based survey
Authors: Rabe Eberhard , Régnier Catherine , Goron Fabienne , Salmat Ghislaine , Pannier Felizitas
Published: October 2020

Aim:
This study assessed the characteristics of individuals with chronic venous disease (CVD) and their treatment pathways.
Materials & methods:
A web-based survey enrolled representative populations of adults from Brazil, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Russia and Spain, and identified those self-reporting CVD.
Results:
A total of 22% of respondents had signs/symptoms of CVD. Individuals with CVD were generally older, female and obese, and had more comorbidities than the general population. Common initial symptoms were tiredness, heaviness, pain, swelling in legs and night cramps. Participants waited ∼1 year before seeking treatment but most did not initially consult a physician; those who did tended to have more severe disease.
Conclusion:
One in five adults had CVD, but most did not seek a physician's help.
The prevalence, characteristics and treatment of hemorrhoidal disease: results of an international web-based survey
Authors: Sheikh Parvez , Régnier Catherine , Goron Fabienne , Salmat Ghislaine
Published: October 2020

Background:
This international study assessed the characteristics and treatment of individuals with hemorrhoids.
Materials & methods:
Online survey among nationally representative populations of adults from Brazil, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Russia and Spain, that identified participants who self-reported having hemorrhoidal disease.
Results:
Hemorrhoid prevalence was 11% (1725/16015); most respondents had low-severity disease (71%). Compared with the general population, participants with hemorrhoidal disease had more comorbidities (mean 3.1 vs 1.3) and included more women who had been pregnant (81 vs 68%). Common initial signs/symptoms were pain (60%), bleeding (47%) and discomfort (43%). Hemorrhoid respondents who consulted a physician were more likely to undergo interventions and take medications.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease in the adult population is 11%, mostly low-severity disease.
Voto latino y su influencia electoral en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Tacher Contreras Daniel
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo analiza la importancia del voto latino en las elecciones presidenciales de 2020 en Estados Unidos, considerando el incremento de esta población en los últimos veinte años y su composición por grupos nacionales. Se documenta dicho crecimiento como producto de los flujos migratorios, en contraste con su tendencia a convertirse en ciudadanos estadouni-denses, que afecta su peso electoral. Por último, se establece su ubicación geográfica a fin de considerar el peso electoral en los “estados columpio” (swing states), donde tiene lugar la ma-yor competitividad para la conformación del Colegio Electoral.
Book Reviews
Authors: Journal of Transportation Management Editors
Published: October 2020

Contemporary Transportation (Donald F. Wood, James C. Johnson) (Reviewed by Stephen A. LeMay), Law and Economic Regulation in Transportation (Paul Stephen Dempsey, William E. Thoms.) (Reviewed by Gary S. Wilson)
Delivery lead time compression an integral part of a time based strategy
Authors: Sherwood Charles , Moghaddam J M
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study is to examine factors influencing delivery lead time in a manufacturing environment. It presents the results of a survey of the electronic and other electrical equipment and components industry' in California to illustrate the relative importance of these factors in delivery time reduction. The degree of importance of each factor is then compared with the extent of emphasis the survey participants actually placed on the factor in attempting to reduce delivery lead time.
The Jones Act: it is time for reform
Authors: Clarke Richard L
Published: October 2020

The Jones Act was passed in 1920 as an amendment to the Merchant Marine Act. Its initial purpose was to protect a rail monopoly operating between the state of Washington and the territory of Alaska. It restricted transportation between U.S. ports to U.S. built, owned, registered and crewed vessels. Over the past 77 years it has become very controversial. This paper examines its costs and benefits and concludes that the Jones Act is indeed in need of major reform.
Characteristics of the market for international airfreight in intermodal logistics
Authors: Harding Forrest E
Published: October 2020

Shipper insights and opinions regarding the characteristics of the market for international airfreight in intermodal logistics were explored in this study. The methodology utilized was focus group research. The findings suggest that shippers’ intermodal airfreight decisions are driven by weight and time sensitivity; that the strength of an organization’s information system, especially in relation to tracking and tracing capabilities, is the most important category of service; that shippers respond very positively to personalized service; and that shipper selection of integrators and/or freight forwarders is destination specific. The research confirms the increasing competitiveness of the intermodal logistics market and suggests that personalized customer service can be a major factor in achieving a competitive advantage.
“São os escritos que têm mais força e vida”: cultura escrita, imagens, circulação de saberes e de artistas nos quinhentos
Authors: De Albuquerque Fernanda Deminicis
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo se debruça sobre o ambiente intelectual do século XVI, objetivando examinar algumas das relações estabelecidas entre as culturas escrita e imagética, bem como a circulação que essas culturas puderam alcançar. Procura-se ainda analisar as possibilidades e finalidades de escritos produzidos por artistas, de modo que seja possível uma reflexão sobre a posição que ocupavam nas cortes e suas estratégias de ascensão social, que visavam a desvinculá-los dos estigmas decorrentes do trabalho manual. Por fim, o texto procura, a partir da perspectiva historiográfica de mundialização, contribuir para a discussão da circulação de agentes na Europa dos quinhentos.
Vigararia geral foranea e vigararia de vara: o funcionamento e localização de dois importantes órgãos da justiça eclesiástica na diocese de Pernambuco (1676-1750)
Authors: Santos Gustavo Mendonça
Published: October 2020

Este artigo abordará o funcionamento das vigararias gerais foraneas e das vigararias da vara na diocese de Pernambuco e sua localização física entre os anos de 1676 e 1750. As vigararias gerais foraneas e as vigararias da vara compunham parte importante da administração e justiça episcopal no bispado Pernambuco, tendo jurisdição para a realização de alguns processos judiciais crimes ou cíveis conforme os limites previstos no Regimento do Auditório Eclesiástico do Arcebispado da Bahia e nas provisões dos bispos, sendo que estruturas muito similares a elas também estavam presentes em outras dioceses do Império Português, como no arcebispado de Evora e no bispado de Coimbra.
Ópio e açúcar: o capitalismo e suas drogas na super exploração dos trabalhadores rurais (Índia e Brasil, séculos XVIII-XIX)
Authors: Dabat Christine
Published: October 2020

As consequências, sobre os produtores diretos, da promoção, pelas mesmas potências ocidentais, de drogas – ópio e açúcar – úteis para a acumulação do capital são curiosamente similares, além de óbvias diferenças. Pois, estas substâncias supérfluas e criadoras de dependência resultam de trabalho coagido, em terras roubadas ou sujeitas, para consumo no ultramar. Distintas nos seus efeitos - o açúcar energizava os trabalhadores europeus da Revolução Industrial, enquanto o ópio diminuía a resistência dos chineses à investida colonial – as drogas eram ferramentas dos colonialistas e seus acólitas locais, com alcances intercontinentais, cuja diversidade esconde o denominador comum da mais brutal exploração.
O visconde da Parnaíba e a construção da ordem imperial na província do Piauí
Authors: Castelo Branco Pedro Vilarinho
Published: October 2020

Este estudo analisa a trajetória de Manuel de Sousa Martins, o Visconde da Parnaíba, um dos personagens centrais da História do Piauí Oitocentista. O argumento tem início com a definição da sua trajetória de vida, da sua construção como homem dentro das condições existenciais do Piauí, no final do século XVIII. Em seguida, a análise se direciona para a militância política, propriamente dita, procurando entender como ele se envolveu no jogo do poder, criando, para si, um espaço de protagonista, usando a seu favor a cultura política que condicionava as interações entre os potentados locais e o poder central. O artigo se encerra com a análise da longevidade da sua governança no Piauí (1823-1843).
Organizational structure of the Tupamaros National Liberation Movement in Uruguay (1965-1972)
Authors: Zizeva Elina V.
Published: October 2020

The article represents the first in Russian historiography attempt to consider in detail the structure of the revolutionary organization Tupamaros National Liberation Movement that acted in Uruguay in the 1960s and early 1970s. Due to the fact, that the Movement was clandestine, the data on the structure, strength, members could be reconstructed from both official documents and memoirs of members and leaders of the Movement. There are a lot of eminent persons of the contemporary history of Uruguay among them - ex President Jos Mujica, Vice President Luca Topolansky, former Minister of Defense Eleuterio Fernndez Huidobro and other important public figures. The study reveals the structural framework of the Tupamaros Movement and shows how were applied in practice two conflicting principles of the democratic centralism and internal autonomy of structural units of the organization.
Considering the Impact of Changing Alphabet on Education
Authors: Dianova Ljudmila P.
Published: October 2020

The article is an experience of understanding the impact of changing alphabet on the educational process. Scientific interest in this issue is due, first of all, to long discussions about the transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan from Cyrillic to Latin script, which have been particularly relevant since 2015. The issues of changing the alphabet were the focus of both scientific study and discussion by various segments of society, both in the country and abroad. This year, 2020, has put on the agenda one of the main issues for the entire modern world - the fight against the global pandemic and pushed to the background the problem of switching to a new schedule. This allows us to confirm the opinion of some researchers about the change of script as a political project than another one. However, a number of issues are still being discussed. What will be the consequences of switching to an another script? Will the changing improve the countrys intellectual potential? Will it increase the countrys competitiveness? And this is only part of the question. There are no clear answers to the question about the impact of changing script on the educational process.
Social Trust as an Intangible Condition for the Quality of Life: Considering After-Pandemic New Norms
Authors: Bayer J. P.
Published: October 2020

The article considers such a social phenomenon as social trust, the degree of knowledge of this phenomenon. The author gives a definition of social trust. Social trust is considered as one of the factors of quality of life. The transformation of social trust from an industrial society to the contemporary stage is being studied, including the stage of the global crisis amid a pandemic. The main trends in changes in social communication during a pandemic are analyzed and a forecast is given for further changes in the principles of building trust. The emphasis is on the fact that after the pandemic social trust will be easier to arise in the virtual space than in the physical. The author names the criteria of social trust. The basic criteria of social trust in modern media communication are considered.
The German Press about Russian Foreign Policy Activities: The Crisis in Ukraine (2013–2014) and its Consequences
Authors: Bahturidze Z. Z. , Rachkova D. S.
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to identifying the current image of Russia in the mirror of the German media after the Ukrainian crisis. The role of the media is noted, the crisis situation in Ukraine is characterized. Analyzed publications in the leading print media of Germany on the topic of Russian foreign policy in Ukraine and the role of the Russian Federation in the political crisis in Ukraine (2013–2014). The authors have identified and identified key approaches in the formation of German society a certain idea of Russia and its foreign policy. As conclusions, it is noted that both for objective reasons, and not least thanks to the German media, which use a lot of negative characteristics when constructing the image of Russia, relations between the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany go through a zone of mutual exclusion. However, relations between the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany can go to a new level, taking into account the possible pragmatic cooperation of the two states, and provided, among other things, a reduction in the degree of anti-Russian rhetoric in the German media.
Political and Economic Cooperation between Russia and the Slovak Republic: Possible Development Scenarios
Authors: Denisenko V. A. , Malchushkin N. A.
Published: October 2020

The article is dedicated to recent domestic political transformations in Slovakia and their possible impact on Russian-Slovak relations. The paper studies the main aspects of the current political and economic partnership between the Russian Federation and the Slovak Republic; it is indicated that economic cooperation with Russia remains a relatively significant foreign policy aspect for Slovakia, primarily due to energy supplies. Nevertheless, the gradual decrease in the intensity of bilateral interaction is highlighted. According to the authors, the “anti-Russian pivot” of Slovakia in 2020 can contribute to a further reduction in the scale of Russian-Slovak cooperation; the Slovak elections radically altered the configuration of political forces within the country, the republic’s parliament is led by the opposition forces with clear anti-Russian rhetoric.

Considering possible variations of Russian-Slovak political and economic cooperation in the foreseeable future, authors propose moderately optimistic, neutral and pessimistic scenarios. It is underlined that the damage from the predicted deterioration in relations for Russia due to the current trends in bilateral cooperation between the countries is assessed as rather insignificant.
fragmento de scagliola del siglo XVII en Borja (Zaragoza): estudio histórico-artístico y petrológico
Authors: CARRETERO CALVO Rebeca , LAPUENTE MERCADAL Pilar
Published: October 2020

Este artículo presenta el estudio histórico-artístico y las conclusiones del análisis petrológico del fragmento de scagliola de finales del siglo XVII custodiado en el Centro de Estudios Borjanos de la Institución “Fernando el Católico” y procedente de la iglesia de San Miguel de Borja (Zaragoza). En el texto se contextualiza la obra, se explica su técnica, se revelan los materiales que la conforman y se atribuye al artista veneciano Ambrosio Mariesque, activo en tierras aragonesas al menos entre 1688 y 1709.
Camilian Demetrescu. Primeras etapas artísticas (1949-1979)
Authors: CONTI ANGELI Tonino
Published: October 2020

Camilian Demetrescu es un pintor, escultor, escritor y teórico del Arte rumano. Disconforme con las ideologías totalitarias, abandona el realismo socialista para dedicarse al arte abstracto. Exiliado en Italia, expone en diversas ciudades europeas, participa en la Biennale de Venecia y es comisario técnico de la X Quadriennale de Roma. Su larga trayectoria deja un extenso patrimonio cultural. Sin embargo, es una figura poco conocida en el panorama artístico actual. Este trabajo presenta el perfil biográfico del artista rumano vinculado a los contextos histórico-artísticos de sus primeras etapas creativas.
Influence of drainage reconstruction on radial increment of conifers: case study
Authors:   Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava', Jansone Baiba , Sisenis Linards ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Pilvere Irina ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Vinters Marcis ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Bickovskis Karlis ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: October 2020

Drainage ensures flow of water and access of oxygen to the roots of the trees. Therefore, melioration systems have been established in a third of the forest area of Latvia, and for the most part highly productive stands can be observed in these areas. Water flow in these systems is often stopped by beaver dams. The aim of our case study was to assess the impact of ditch reconstruction on the increment of the coniferous trees. Increment cores were collected from 169 trees at a distance up to 45 m from the ditch in the drainage system that was reconstructed 8 years prior. Drainage system reconstruction reversed the trend of declining radial increment for both Scots pine and Norway spruce; however, the influence of this measure over an 8 year period was statistically significant, notable (55%) and positive only for Norway spruce, growing closest to the edge of the ditch. Other growth limiting factors need to be considered and tackled to ensure the highest effect of the investment in drainage system reconstruction, including choice of the tree species, stand density, age, availability of nutrients.
Comparision of regeneration of scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. in Myrtillosa and Hylocomiosa forest types after shelterwood cuttings
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Rums Oto , Straupe Inga ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Zdors Leonids ,   Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study is to determine how successful the initial growth of naturally grown and planted pines is after performing the shelterwood cutting. The research includes tree count and height analysis in Myrtillosa and Hylocomiosa forest types with different regeneration methods in 2018. A total of 10 sites were arranged for the research, each site having 4 sample plots. All naturally regenerated and planted pine (2009, 2012 and 2013) heights were measured. Judging by the number of trees after shelterwood cutting, most sites should not be considered regenerated, additional planting or scarification of soil is required which can improve the efficiency of natural regeneration. In all the sites both in Myrtillosa and Hylocomiosa, after shelterwood cutting it was observed that the height of artificially regenerated trees is higher than the height of naturally regenerated trees, indicating the ability of planted pines to produce more rapid height increment in the first years of life, regardless of forest type. The basal area of the stand has a significant negative impact on the increment, and it indicates the need for the subsequent shelterwood cut to be performed. Although Hylocomiosa is a more fertile forest type than Myrtillosa, the height of the planted pine trees in Myrtillosa is higher than in Hylocomiosa, where, after shelterwood cutting, no sufficiently intensive agro-technical tending has been performed.
Justice, Power and Policy towards the Ethnics in the Sunbelt region of the USA. Review of the collective monograph: Chase, R.T., ed. Caging Borders and Carceral States: Incarcerations, Immigration Detentions, and Resistance. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
Authors: Sokov Il'ya A.
Published: October 2020

The work is devoted to the analysis of a collection prepared by a group of American researchers on the historical past and present of the situation of Hispanic population in the United States of America, which raises the problem of segregation of Hispanics at the federal level. In the 21st century, ethnic Hispanics are becoming one of the largest population groups in the United States, and Spanish is the second most widely used language after English in this country, which makes the issue raised in the monograph under review very relevant. The authors of the collection focused their research on the features of segregation of Latin Americans in the states of the Sunbelt, thereby clearly limiting the regional scope of their research. By their publications, they prove that the southern states of the United States have turned into carceral states for Latin Americans.
Aesthetic Practice as Part of Work with Sustainability, Participation and Environment – Examples from a Finnish and Swedish Preschool
Authors: Karlsson Häikiö Tarja , Mårtensson Pernilla , Lohilahti Liisa
Published: October 2020

The aim of the article is to highlight and discuss the relationship between core activities in early childhood and primary education, with a special focus on aesthetic practice in relation to sustainability, participation, project work and learning environments. The two preschools presented, one in Finland and one in Sweden, work with ecology and sustainable education in their daily practice. The result of the study comprises a presentation of and reflections on photographs as visual representations of educational activities, learning environment settings, as well as daily educational work.
PEMBERIAN AIR REBUSAN DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) TERHADAPPENURUNAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADAPENDERITA ASAM URAT DI DUSUN KADISORODESA GILANGHARJO KECAMATAN PANDAK KABUPATEN BANTUL DIY TAHUN 2017
Authors: Setianingrum Pramukti Dian
Published: October 2020

Latar Belakang :Asam urat adalah senyawa dalam air yang merupakan hasil akhir metabolism purin. Tanda dan gejalanya yaitu peradangan pada sendi yang tertekan, terasa nyeri, dan kemerahan pada daerah yang telah terjadi asam urat, kekakuan serta pembengkakan pada sendi yang tertekan.Data posyandu lansia di dusun kadisoro terdapat 64 lansia menyatakan mepunyai keluhan asam urat. Daun salam di Dusun Kadisoro belum dimanfaarkan sebagai obat herbal karena  tidak mengetahui fungsi dan manfaat dari daun salam tersebut.Tujuan:Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air rebusan daun salam Syzygium polyanthum) terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada penderita asam urat di Dusun Kadisoro Desa Gilangharjo Kecamatan PandakKabupaten Bantul DIY.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yaitu menilai pemberian air rebusan daun salam terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat dengan pendekatan Quasi Eksperiment Design dengan menggunakan Non Equivalent Control Group. Cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan teknik non probability sampling yaitu Purposive Sampling. Jumlah yang diperoleh 36 responden. Pemberian air rebusan daun salam selama 3 hari.Hasil:Berdasarkanhasil hasil uji Wilcoxon test statistics diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig. sebesar 0,001 0,05 maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak yang artinya ada pengaruh pemberian air rebusan daun salam terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada penderita asam urat di Dusun Kadisoro Gilangharjo Pandak Bantul DIY.Kesimpulan :Berdasarkan hasil  analisis mengenai pemberian air rebusan daun salam terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada penderita asam urat di Dusun Kadisoro Desa Gilangharjo Pandak Bantul DIY setelah meminum air rebusan daun salam mengalami penurunan kadar asam urat.
Pengaruh Penambahan Sari Buah Nanas (Ananas Comosus) terhadap Jumlah Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) dan Nilai pH Soyghurt
Authors: Wardani Emiliya Kusuma , Zulaekah Siti , Purwani Eni
Published: October 2020

Penambahan sari buah nanas pada soyghurt dapat meningkatkan mutu organoleptik soyghurt. Sari buah nanas mengandung gula yang dapat meningkatkan aktivitas bakteri asam laktat (BAL). Sari buah nanas ditambahkan untuk memperbaiki citarasa soyghurt. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sari buah nanas terhadap jumlah bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dan nilai pH soyghurt. Penelitian dilakukan dengan konsentrasi sari buah nanas pada pembuatan soyghurt dengan variasi konsentrasi 0%, 15% dan 30%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh penambahan sari buah nanas terhadap jumlah bakteri asam laktat (BAL) soyghurt dan kecenderungan adanya pengaruh penambahan sari buah nanas terhadap nilai pH soyghurt. Jumlah bakteri asam laktat (BAL) tertinggi diberikan oleh soyghurt dengan penambahan sari buah nanas pada konsentrasi 0% yaitu 2,88 x 14108"  CFU/ml. Nilai pH tertinggi diberikan oleh soyghurt dengan penambahan sari buah nanas pada konsentrasi 0% yaitu 4,15.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keaktifan Kader Communty TB Care ‘Aisyiyah Surakarta
Authors: Anisah Ika Arni , Kusumawati Yuli , Kirwono Badar
Published: October 2020

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan salah satu infeksi menular yang diperlukan kerjasama lintas sektor dan organisasi masyarakat dalam upaya pemberantasannya. Organisasi ‘Aisyiyah mengambil peran dengan membentuk kader Community TB Care ‘Aisyiyah yang diharapkan untuk aktif menanggulangi persebaran TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keaktifan kader Community TB Care ‘Aisyiyah Surakarta. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kader Community TB Care ‘Aisyiyah Surakarta. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik exhaustive sampling yaitu dengan mengambil semua objek dari populasi sebanyak 46 kader. Uji statistik menggunakan chi square dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan keaktifan kader (p=1,000), ada hubungan antara keikutsertaan di ‘Aisyiyah dengan keaktifan kader (p=0,040), tidak ada hubungan status sosial ekonomi dengan keaktifan kader (p=0,155), tidak ada hubungan antara lingkungan keluarga dengan keaktifan kader (p=1,000), dan tidak ada hubungan antara lingkungan kerja dengan keaktifan kader Community TB Care ‘Aisyiyah Surakarta (p=1,000).
GAMBARAN PERILAKU PENGOBATAN PASIEN TB MDR FASE INTENSIF DI RS DR MOEWARDI SURAKARTA
Authors: Nugroho Farid Setyo , Shaluhiyah Zahroh , Adi Sakundarno
Published: October 2020

Faktor penyebab kekebalan Mycobacterium tuberculose terhadap Obat Anti TB (OAT) adalah perilaku manusia, baik penyedia layanan, pasien, maupun program atau sistem layanan kesehatan yang berakibat terhadap tatalaksana pengobatan pasien TB yang tidak sesuai dengan standar dan mutu yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku pengobatan pada pasien TB MDR fase intensif di RSDM Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional dengan metode gabungan dengan pendekatan kuantitaf dan kualitatif. Metode pengambilan sampling dilakukan secara total sampling yaitu sebanyak 28 responden dan 2 informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 64% responden tidak patuh dalam menjalankan saran medis, 55% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang TBC, 50% responden memiliki sikap yang kurang terhadap pengobatan TBC, 75% responden merasakan efek samping yang banyak, 86% responden mengeluarkan biaya tambahan selama pengobatan, dan 32% keluarga responden kurang memberikan dukungan selama pengobatan. Hasil kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa informan menyampaikan bahwa efek samping yang berat menjadi alasan informan menghentikan pengobatan.
Identifikasi Kandungan Formalin Pada Bahan Pangan (Mie Basah, Bandeng Segar dan Presto, Ikan Asin, Tahu) di Pasar Gede Kota Surakarta
Authors: Asyfiradayati Rezania , Ningtyas Artika , Lizansari Madani , Purwati Yuyun , Winarsih Winarsih
Published: October 2020

Formalin merupakan bahan tambahan pangan yang dilarang berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 722/MenKes/Per/IX/1988, sehingga kandungannya dalam produk makanan harus negatif.Jika kadar formalin yang terkandung dalam bahan pangan tersebut melewati nilai ambang batas aman, maka akan dapat berakibat toksisl. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan formalin dalam bahan pangan (mie basah, bandeng segar dan presto, ikan asin, tahu) yang dijual di Pasar Gede Kota Surakarta. Penentuan kandungan formalin menggunakan Uji kualitatif (Uji Teskit). Penetapan kadar formalin menggunakan metode Uji Kualitatif (Uji Asisi-Alkalimetri). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 2 sampel mie basah, 1 sampel ikan bandeng segar dan presto, 5 ikan asin, dan 4 tahu positif formalin dengan kadar tertinggi tertinggi sebesar 0,0278ppm pada ikan asin. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan pangan yang diperdagangkan di Wilayah kota Surakarta belum semuanya mematuhi Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 722/MenKes/Per/IX/1988 kandungan formalin dalam makanan harus 0 atau negatif. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian bahan tambahan makanan lain (misal boraks dan pewarna) yang digunakan dalam bahan pangan lain yang dipasarkan di Surakarta serta masyarakat perlu segera diberikan informasi tentang keamanan makanan yang dikonsumsi
STANDAR PENGATURAN PELINDUNGAN TEKNOLOGI SENSITIF KEANTARIKSAAN INTERNASIONAL: IMPLEMENTASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ardes Runggu Prilia
Published: October 2020

ABSTRAKUndang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2013 tentang Keantariksaan mengamanatkan Indonesia untuk menguasai teknologi keantariksaan secara mandiri. Namun, pemenuhan tujuan tersebut tidak mudah karena teknologi keantariksaan bersifat sensitif sehingga persebarannya dilindungi dan dibatasi oleh negara-negara maju. Wujud pelindungan tersebut adalah rezim pengendalian ekspor yang pada dasarnya bersifat soft law (hukum lunak), namun dalam penerapannya mengikat secara mutlak. Indonesia tengah menyusun sebuah Peraturan Pemerintah dengan harapan dapat meyakinkan negara-negara maju bahwa teknologi mereka akan aman di Indonesia. Tulisan ini hendak menganalisis bagaimana standar pengaturan pelindungan teknologi sensitif di negara-negara dan apakah ada kesenjangan antara praktik negara-negara dengan di Indonesia, dengan menggunakan metode perbandingan yaitu membandingkan peraturan di negara-negara (Uni Eropa dan Tiongkok) dengan peraturan Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan standar pengaturan pelindungan teknologi sensitif di negara-negara umumnya memuat (i) konsep pelindungan teknologi; (ii) penerapan rezim pengendalian ekspor internasional; (iii) daftar teknologi sensitif keantariksaan dan prinsip catch-all; (iv) perizinan dan penilaian; serta (v) pengawasan. Tulisan ini juga menemukan adanya kesenjangan antara standar tersebut dengan rancangan Peraturan Pemerintah di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: pelindungan teknologi; pengendalian ekspor; teknologi sensitif.

ABSTRACTLaw of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21 Year 2013 concerning Space Activities mandates Indonesia to master space technology independently. However, fulfilling these objectives is difficult because space technology is sensitive so that its distribution is protected and limited by developed countries. Such form of protection is export control regimes which is basically soft law but, in its application, is absolutely binding. Indonesia is currently drafting a Government Regulation in the hope of convincing developed countries that their technology will be safe in Indonesia. This paper intends to analyze how the standards for the regulation of the protection of sensitive technology in some States and whether there is a gap between such practices and in Indonesia, with comparative method which is comparing existing regulations in several States (European Union and China) with Indonesian regulations. The result of the analysis shows that the regulatory standards for sensitive technology protection in States generally consist of (i) the concept of technological protection; (ii) implementation of international export control regimes; (iii) list of space-sensitive technologies and the catch-all principle; (iv) licensing and assessment; and (v) supervision. This paper also finds gaps between these standards and the draft Government Regulation in Indonesia.

Keywords: export control; sensitive technology; technology protection.
A Nature Deity? The Ṛgvedic Savitṛ Revisited
Authors: Haas Dominik A.
Published: October 2020

The problematic identity of the deity Savitṛ in early Vedic religion has sparked more than a century of discussion. Harry Falk, for instance, argued that this god, whose name literally means the ‘impeller’, can be identified with the Milky Way and associated with the rainy season. According to Falk, this association was also responsible for the employment of a verse addressing Savitṛ (a so-called sāvitrī) in the initiation of the Vedic student, whose studies originally began at the onset of the rainy season. The aims of this paper are (a) to review the various theories about Savitṛ’s manifestations in nature and (b) to explain how different natural phenomena and celestial luminaries could be associated with this god. In discussing the theories proposed so far, I not only consider the Vedic sources but also re-evaluate the archaeoastronomical arguments with reliable software. As it turns out, there is no conclusive evidence that Savitṛ was associated with any single phenomenon or luminary at all, nor can he be connected with the rainy season or water in general. Rather, he was an anthropomorphic deity essentially independent of the various natural phenomena and celestial luminaries he impelled.
Mathematics for the Imaginary Number i
Authors: Lopez Andri
Published: October 2020

The only objective of this work is to: determine a function that of origin to the value of √-1 and, define the segment represent this magnitude of √-1. For this it is necessary the rule and compass.