bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of sex and estrus cycle stage on optogenetic spreading depression induced migraine-like pain phenotypes
Authors: Harriott Andrea M. , Waruinge Angel , Appiah-Danquah Viola , Berhanu Leah , Morais Andreia , Ayata Cenk
Published: July 2023

Background

Migraine is more prevalent in females, raising the possibility that sex and gonadal hormones modulate migraine. We recently demonstrated that minimally invasive optogenetic spreading depolarization (opto-SD) elicits robust periorbital allodynia. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that opto-SD induced migraine-like pain behavior is worse in females and varies during the estrus cycle.

Methods

Single or repeated opto-SDs were induced in male and female adult Thy1-ChR2-YFP transgenic mice. Von Frey monofilaments were used to test periorbital mechanical allodynia. Mouse grimace was also examined under increasing light intensity to quantify spontaneous discomfort and light-aversive behavior. Vaginal smears were obtained for estrus cycle staging at the end of behavioral testing.

Results

A multi-variable regression analysis was performed using a male and female cohort to test the effect of independent variables on periorbital allodynia. Opto-SD predicted lower periorbital thresholds as compared with sham stimulation (p < 0.0001). Additionally, female sex predicted lower periorbital thresholds compared with males (p = 0.011). There were significant interactions between opto-SD and time (interactionp = 0.030) as animals tended to recover from opto-SD allodynia over time, and between sex and time (p = 0.020) as females tended to take longer to recover. Proestrus, estrus (PE) and metestrus, diestrus (MD) stages were combined to represent high versus low circulating estradiol relative to progesterone, respectively. Multi-variable regression revealed an effect of estrus cycle (p = 0.015) on periorbital thresholds. In the sham group, PE had lower thresholds than MD. However, there was no interaction between opto-SD and the estrus cycle (p = 0.364). Grimace scores were also examined at incremental light intensities. There was an effect of opto-SD (p < 0.0001), light intensity (p = 0.001) and estrus cycle (p = 0.024) on grimace without interaction among them (three-way ANOVA).

Conclusions

Female sex and estrus stages with high circulating estradiol relative to progesterone lower trigeminal pain thresholds and augment photosensitivity. In females, opto-SD increased pain behavior and photosensitivity irrespective of the estrus stage.

Graphical Abstract
Intravenous iron and erythropoietin therapy for postoperative anemia among orthopedic surgery patients
Authors: Chen Huixin , Yu Jing , Wei Qing , Zhang Yu , Ouyang Xilin , Wang Shun
Published: July 2023

Background

Postoperative anemia is a risk factor for adverse surgical outcomes. Our study aimed to assess the role of intravenous iron and erythropoietin therapy for the rapid correction of anemia following orthopedic surgery.

Methods

Patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into three groups: Control (placebo), Group 1 (IV iron monotherapy), and Group 2 [combined IV iron and recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy]. Blood tests were performed preoperative (baseline) and on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 7.

Results

All groups demonstrated significantly lower hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations compared to baseline, with no significant inter-group differences in postoperative Hb concentrations (p > 0.05). Serum erythropoietin, ferritin, and vitamin B12 levels, and reticulocyte count increased beyond normal ranges in all groups. Significantly lower serum iron levels were observed postoperatively in all groups (p < 0.05). No significant inter-group differences in hepcidin level were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Postoperative treatment with combined intravenous iron and rHuEPO was ineffective in correcting postoperative anemia among orthopedic surgery patients, besides achieving higher reticulocyte counts in the first week of surgery. No improvement in mobilization of storage iron was achieved with rHuEPO. We further suggest against vitamin B12 administration during the early postoperative period.
Nanopore Sequencing of Short dsDNA after Elongation by Combination of Ligation and PEAR
Authors: Cheng Bingxiao , Hu Kunling , Song Ziting , An Ran , Liang Xingguo
Published: July 2023

Nanopore sequencing technology, as a third-generation method for DNA sequencing at the single-molecule level, has attracted much attention and developed quickly due to the advantages of low cost and ultra-long read. However, nanopore sequencing of short DNAs (<500 bp) is not suitable due to the unfavorable cost performance and complicated data analysis. Here, we describe a novel method for nanopore sequencing using short dsDNA elongation by ligation and PEAR (SELP). Before sequencing, short PCR products are subjected to intermolecular ligation and subsequent elongation using PEAR (Polymerase-Endonuclease Amplification Reaction). The obtained long concatemers (thousands of base pairs) of repetitive DNA sequences are ideal samples for nanopore sequencing. The sequencing results demonstrate that short dsDNA can be elongated by more than 20 fold, and precise sequence analysis can be obtained through a single read. Accordingly, SELP-Seq can be used for simultaneous sequencing of multiple (even thousands of) short dsDNAs. Obviously, our approach can greatly expand the applications of nanopore sequencing, such as SNP analysis and high-throughput DNA detection.
Analysis of a hybrid renewable energy system in the optimal management of water resources in arid islands
Authors: Μπέρτσιου Μαρία-Μαργαρίτα
Published: July 2023

Οι Ανανεώσιμες Πηγές Ενέργειας (ΑΠΕ) αποτελούν την κύρια προτεραιότητα για την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (ΕΕ), όπως αποδεικνύεται από το θεσμικό πλαίσιο που εισήχθη τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες και οδηγεί στην αυξανόμενη διείσδυση των ΑΠΕ στο ενεργειακό ισοζύγιο παγκοσμίως. Οι ΑΠΕ γίνονται όλο και πιο δημοφιλείς καθώς ο κόσμος προσβλέπει στη μετάβαση από τα ορυκτά καύσιμα και στη μείωση των εκπομπών αερίων του θερμοκηπίου. Επίσης, η ανάγκη για χρήση τεχνολογιών χωρίς άνθρακα, όπως οι εφαρμογές ΑΠΕ, για την κάλυψη των παγκόσμιων αναγκών σε ηλεκτρική ενέργεια, οφείλεται στην κλιματική αλλαγή. Ο στόχος ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας για το 2030 ορίστηκε σε τουλάχιστον 32% της ακαθάριστης τελικής κατανάλωσης, 32,5% για ενεργειακή απόδοση και ελάχιστη μείωση 40% στις εκπομπές αερίων του θερμοκηπίου βάσει της Οδηγίας για τις Ανανεώσιμες Πηγές Ενέργειας 2018/2001/ΕΕ (RED II). Η μετάβαση στις ΑΠΕ προσφέρει πολλά οφέλη, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της μείωσης των αερίων του θερμοκηπίου, της μείωσης του ενεργειακού κόστους και της αύξησης της ενεργειακής ασφάλειας βασιζόμενη σε τοπικές, βιώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας. Η αυξανόμενη διείσδυση των ΑΠΕ στο ενεργειακό μείγμα έχει οδηγήσει σε νέες προκλήσεις για την εξισορρόπηση της προσφοράς και της ζήτησης. Η στοχαστική φύση του αιολικού δυναμικού και της ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας που εξαρτώνται από διάφορους κλιματικούς παράγοντες, καθιστά δύσκολη την πρόβλεψη της διαθεσιμότητας ενέργειας και την κάλυψη της άμεσης ζήτησης ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας. Η λύση σε αυτό το πρόβλημα είναι η χρήση υβριδικών συστημάτων ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας (ΥΒΣ), τα οποία συνδυάζουν τουλάχιστον μία μορφή ΑΠΕ και τουλάχιστον μία μορφή τεχνολογίας αποθήκευσης ενέργειας για την αποθήκευση πλεονάζουσας ανανεώσιμης ενέργειας που δεν μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί άμεσα.Η παρούσα έρευνα στοχεύει να αναπτύξει μια ολοκληρωμένη προσέγγιση για την ενσωμάτωση των ΑΠΕ στην κάλυψη αναγκών ενέργειας και νερού σε απομακρυσμένα νησιά, αξιοποιώντας τόσο το αιολικό όσο και το ηλιακό δυναμικό, καθώς και διαφορετικές τεχνολογίες αποθήκευσης για την αποθήκευση πλεονάζουσας ανανεώσιμης ενέργειας. Η περιοχή μελέτης είναι οι Φούρνοι Κορσεών, ένα νησί στο Βόρειο Αιγαίο. Αναπτύσσεται μια μεθοδολογία για την αξιολόγηση των επιλέξιμων θέσεων για την εγκατάσταση ανεμογεννητριών, χρησιμοποιώντας έναν συνδυασμό Πολυκριτηριακής Λήψης Αποφάσεων και Γεωγραφικών Συστημάτων Πληροφοριών και λαμβάνοντας υπόψη διάφορα τεχνικά, περιβαλλοντικά και νομικά κριτήρια για το σχεδιασμό ενός αιολικού πάρκου. Στη συνέχεια, περιγράφονται στρατηγικές διαχείρισης ενέργειας με βάση απλές ή υβριδικές μεθόδους αποθήκευσης, ανάλογα με τις τεχνολογίες αποθήκευσης επτά διαφορετικών σεναρίων, με αποτέλεσμα την ανάλυση αξιοπιστίας κάθε ΥΒΣ και την εκτίμηση των οικονομικών και περιβαλλοντικών δεικτών. Τέλος, παρουσιάζεται η μεθοδολογία υπολογισμού της απορριφθείσας ενέργειας κατά τη λειτουργία ενός ΥΒΣ.
Fig Rust Caused by Cerotelium fi ci: Past, Present and Future
Authors:   School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474011, India, Avasthi Shubhi , Gautam Ajay K. ,   Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar-249405, Uttarakhand, India, Verma Rajnish K. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India, Rajeshkumar K.C. ,   National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra 411 004, India, Kumar Ashwani ,   Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar-249405, Uttarakhand, India
Published: July 2023

Fig rust is one of the serious fungal diseases caused by Cerotelium fi ci which causes great loss to the overall growth and yield of the plant. This disease is generally characterized by pale reddish-brown to reddish-brown angular leaf spots, typically found on the adaxial surfaces of the leaves, whereas the corresponding abaxial surface of the same leaves was covered with a lot of orange rust pustules. With the progression of this rust disease, angular spots fused to form necrotic patches whereas, leaf edges curled upward. Premature abscission of leaves takes place, leaving bare branches and unripe fruits. This disease showed its global distribution in tropical and subtropical areas, however, the highest distribution was found in the African continent (18 countries) followed by Asia (14 countries), North & South America (10 countries each), Europe (8 countries) and 7 countries in the Oceanian continent. Apart from the rust pathogen Cerotelium fi ci, the Phakospora nishidana was also reported to cause fi g rust which has created confusion on the identity of C. fi ci as a fi g rust pathogen. This suggests a need to re-examine all specimens of fi g rust at the global scale, based on morphological and modern DNAbased methods so that the taxonomic ambiguities on fi g rust pathogens can be resolved and suitable control methods can be implemented to avoid serious crop and yield loss.
An Early Start for Women in Optics
Authors: Hecht Jeff
Published: July 2023

A look at nine pathbreaking women who joined the Optical Society
of America in its first decade.
Regression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with reduced risk of incident diabetes: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Sinn Dong Hyun , Kang Danbee , Guallar Eliseo , Choi Sung Chul , Hong Yun Soo , Park Yewan , Cho Juhee , Gwak Geum-Youn
Published: July 2023

Objective

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is potentially reversible. However, whether improvement of NAFLD leads to clinical benefits remains uncertain. We investigated the association between regression of NAFLD and the risk of incident diabetes in a longitudinal way.

Methods

A cohort of 11,260 adults who had NAFLD at in an initial exam, had the second evaluation for NAFLD status at 1~2 years from an initial exam were followed up for incident diabetes from 2001 and 2016. NAFLD was diagnosed with abdominal ultrasound.

Results

At baseline, NAFLD was regressed in 2,559 participants (22.7%). During 51,388 person-years of follow-up (median 4 years), 1,768 participants developed diabetes. The fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident diabetes in participants with regressed NAFLD compared to those with persistent NAFLD was 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72–0.92]. When assessed by NAFLD severity, among participants with a low NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) (< -1.455), participants with regressed NAFLD had a lower risk of incident diabetes than those with persistent NAFLD (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68–0.88). However, in participants with an intermediate to high NFS (≥ -1.455), the risk of incident diabetes was not different between NAFLD regression and persistence groups (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.82–1.51).

Conclusions

Regression of NAFLD was associated with decreased risk of incident diabetes compared to persistent NAFLD. However, the benefit was evident only for NAFLD patients with low NFS. This suggests that early intervention for NAFLD, before advanced fibrosis is present, may maximize the metabolic benefit from NAFLD regression.
Two Pediatric Cases Within a Familial Cluster and Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma: A Tale of 2 Sisters
Authors: Falgout Lacey , Gensler Lawrence L.
Published: July 2023

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer is a familial form of poorly differentiated signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) caused by a mutation in the CDH1/E-cadherin gene-mediating cell adhesion. CDH1 mutations are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and exhibit a high level of penetrance. SRCC diagnosis is exceedingly rare in the pediatric population. We report a case of SRCC in 2 sisters (10 and 15 years) and their father (41 years).
Assessment of Knowledge and Expectations for ultrasound examination as a standard element of antenatal care among Pregnant Women in Iraq
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology & Medical Physics, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University and Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region Government - Iraq., Ali Ronak , Haji Awla Saleh ,   Department of Medical physics, Collage of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, , Iraq, Abd Aza ,   Department of Radiology, Erbil medical technical institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Reign Government, Erbil, Iraq, Hameed Hemin ,   Department of X-Ray& Sonar , Collage of Medical Technology, University of Al-kitab, Iraq, Mohammed Hataw ,   Department of Medical physics, Collage of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Reign Government, Iraq
Published: July 2023

Background and objectives: The ultrasound scan is now a widely used technique in prenatal treatment. We attempted to assess pregnant women's knowledge and expectations regarding the use of ultrasonography during pregnancy in Iraq. To assess pregnant women's knowledge and expectations regarding the use of ultrasonography during pregnancy in Iraq. Methods: We completed a cross-sectional survey of pregnant women seen in Azadi Teaching Hospital Sonography Department and private clinic in Iraq, Iraq. The data collection was conducted in May - June 2021. The study population Consists of all pregnant women that visit this Department for obstetric ultrasound Scans. Only pregnant women that came for obstetric scan were added in the study exclude other scans such as abdominal or renal scans. The final sample size was 81 participants. Results: From the total 81 participants, table 3.1 shows that the majority of the pregnant mother was 51.9% younger than 30 years, 48.1% Older than 30 Years. In the same cases, 37% of pregnant women were in their 1st semester, 39.5% of pregnant women were in their 2nd semester and 23.5% of pregnant women were in their 3rd semester. Conclusions: The study established that most of the participants are informed of the ultrasound scan. The subjects also believed that the procedure is safe and the main purpose for performing it is fetal wellbeing and viability.
The Ten-Year Survival Rate for Breast Cancer Females in Kurdistan/Iraq: Special Facts and Features
Authors:   College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq., Yalda Mayada
Published: July 2023

Background and objective: Worldwide, breast cancer varies widely in survival rate and age at first diagnosis. Owing to the limited follow up database in developing areas, this study aimed to estimate the 10-years survival rate for breast cancer in Kurdistan/Iraq and correlate it with clinicopathological variables. Methodology: This follow-up study included 160 breast cancer patients diagnosed before 2010. Their data were obtained from Duhok/central lab. Survivors and families of deceased cases were contacted to approve the survivor. Cases were reviewed for variables including estrogen and HER-2 status. Results: The mean age of patients was 44.9 years. Only 66 of them (41.2%) survived for 10-years. None of the survivors was below 30 or above 70 years. Death rate was significantly high between 30-39 years. The survival rate was highest (75.8%) between 40-49 years. The lymph nodes involvement was seen in 61.87% with statistically higher mortality rate. Estrogen was positive in > ¾ of patients (76.9%) which was statistically high among survivors. However, in deceased group estrogen positivity was also high (41.88%), while HER-2 were only significant between 40-49 years. Conclusion: The relatively low survival rate, the young age at first diagnosis, despite the high estrogen receptors positivity are facts can’t be explained by delay treatment and need thorough search for a possible genetic or other underling rezone.
Perception of mothers about dental caries of their children in Erbil city, Iraq: A qualitative study
Authors:   Erbil Dental Center, Erbil Directorate of Health, Erbil, Iraq, Barzinji Arazu , Ahmed Hamdia ,   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Saleh Abubakir ,   College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
Published: July 2023

Background & objectives: Mother's health education is an important factor and has a significant effect on child tooth decay. This study aimed to identify perception of mother about dental caries of their children in Erbil city, Iraq. Methods: A qualitative study involving interviewing 29 women was conducted in Erbil, Iraq, from December 2021 to June 2022. Required data were gathered by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews with participants. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The scripts were analyzed using the six methodological activities of Van Manen (1990), and the themes were extracted. Results: Most mothers said that their child's teeth are rotten because of eating sweets and not brushing their teeth. The majority of mothers did not know the type of teeth and symptoms of tooth decay in their children. Most of them thought that the milk tooth falls out by itself and is replaced by another tooth. Many suggestions have been made to improve dental health of the children like putting oral health program in the curriculum of the schools, education programs for the mother. Conclusions: Most of the mothers do not have information about teeth decay. They took their child to dentist, when their child restless due to tooth pain. Mothers suggested that, ministry of health and education should work together to increase dental health education of children and mothers.
La Politique coloniale française et les Ahl Shaykh Ma al-cAynin. Jihad et resistances tribales
Authors: Bonte Pierre
Published: July 2023

El destino de Ahl Shaykh Mâ al-cAynîn está conectado a la resistencia contra la colonización europea en el Sahara y Marruecos. La literatura colonial francesa ha concebido la lucha del Sheij como consecuencia de un panislamismo activista. El contexto tribal regional lleva al Sheij a oponerse a la colonización francesa en Mauritania y Marruecos cuestionándose la legitimidad dinástica alawi. El desarrollo de la yihad concluyó con el nombramiento del sultán de Marruecos. Se subraya las contradicciones de un proyecto político basado en el guerrero tlamid del Sheij y las movilizaciones tribales contra el orden colonial. AbstractThe fate of the Ahl Shaykh Mâ al-cAynîn is connected to the resistance against the European colonization in Sahara and Morocco. The french colonial literature has conceived the Shaykh’s fight as a consequence of an activistic panislamism. As a matter of fact it is located in a tribal regional context leading the Shaykh to be opposed to the French colonization in Mauritania and Morocco and to question finally the calawi dynastic legitimacy. The development of the jihad concluded in the name of the Moroccan Sultan underlines the contradictions of a political project depending on the warrior tlamid of the Shaykh and tribal mobilizations against the colonial order. The check of the jihad reduces the family’s part in the organization of the resistance; after 1920 this part becomes a secondary one.
Signs of physical violence against a child: recognition and organizational measures
Authors:   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine, Mokia-Serbina S.O. , Lytvynova T.V. ,   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine, Zabolotnia N.I. ,   Dnipro State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

The severity and urgency of the problem necessitates timely detection of cases of physical violence against children due to the frequency and high risk of negative consequences. Purpose - to provide an organizational framework for improving the quality of diagnosis of physical violence against children in accordance with international standards based on available evidence. Materials and methods. Practical guidelines for reviewing and establishing suspicion of child abuse are provided in accordance with the clinical guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, 2019), the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children (APSAC, 2019), and information from the Up to Date and PubMed databases. The recommendations are based on the data of the World Health Organization and the current legal and regulatory framework in Ukraine. Results. Clinical guidelines and scientific literature related to the study of physical abuse, in particular, early signs of its detection, are reviewed and analyzed. The main stages of the examination of children with suspected physical abuse are presented, the levels of concern are described with recommendations for consideration or suspicion. The issue of early detection of signs and factors that indicate the likelihood of risks to the child's health and development that require immediate response from healthcare professionals is highlighted. Special attention is paid to the problem of medical care in Ukraine for children who have already suffered from physical violence. Conclusions. A well-founded approach to defining the nature, types and signs of physical violence is an extremely important issue, as it allows for timely recognition of the situation, proposals for effective elimination of the identified problems and prevention of negative consequences. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Assessment of life quality indicators in school-age children with hypertension and obesity
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Marushko Yu.V. , Kostynska N.G. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hyshchak T.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,
Published: July 2023

The steady increase in the prevalence of obesity, arterial hypertension (Н) and their comorbidity among children and adults requires additional scientific research to identify the features of the combined course of these diseases and possible ways to improve treatment and preventive measures in patients of different age groups. Purpose - to analyze indicators of the quality of life (QL) in school-aged children with H and obesity. Materials and methods. 95 children aged 9-18 were examined. The examinees were divided into 4 groups: the Group 1 - children with normal blood pressure and normal body weight (BW); the Group 2 - patients with H and normal BW; the Group 3 - with normal blood pressure and obesity; the Group 4 - children with Hand obesity. QL was determined for all children using the Ukrainian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 questionnaire. The frequency of certain complaints and some peculiarities of children’s lives in the study groups were also determined using a questionnaire developed by us. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using MedStat v 5.2 (Y.E. Lyakh, V.G. Guryanov) and EZR v 1.35 (Saitama Medical Centre, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Japan 2017) programs. Results and conclusions. QL indicators in patients with obesity and H are lower (p<0.05) than in the group of healthy children. The lowest indicators of the QL are observed in the Group 4, which were significantly lower (p<0.005) compared to the same indicators in the Groups 2 and 3. Patients with H had significantly more frequent (p<0.05) complaints of headache and dizziness compared with the Group 1. Patients with obesity had more (p<0.05) complaints of heart palpitations during minor physical exertion compared to healthy children. In patients of the Group 4, complaints of headache, dizziness, palpitations during minor physical exertion were more common compared to the Group 1 (p<0.05), and dizziness was more common than in the Group 3 (p<0.05). According to survey data, 44.7% of obese children estimated their body weight as normal and did not consider it appropriate to change their lifestyle. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Clinical features of the course of neonatal sepsis depending on the expressiveness of the body's inflammatory response
Authors:   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Koloskova O.K. , Kolyubakina L.V. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Vlasova O.V. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Tarnavska S.I. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Kchilchevska V.S. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

The study of the clinical features of the course of neonatal sepsis depending on the level of C-reactive protein and presepsin in the dynamics makes it possible to distinguish a cohort of children with a «severe» course of sepsis, who require complex monitoring of life-supporting functions. Purpose - to study the clinical features of the course of neonatal sepsis and to distinguish the signs of «severe» sepsis for the purpose of an individualized approach to the choice of treatment tactics. Materials and methods. 56 medical records of newborns with neonatal sepsis were analyzed. Depending on the level of the inflammatory response, two observation groups were formed. The clinical Group I included 25 patients with neonatal sepsis with a level of C-reactive protein (CRP) <20 mg/l (boys - 52.0%, city residents - 80.0%). The Group II was formed by 31 newborns with sepsis, in whom the content of CRP in the blood was >20 mg/l (boys - 62.8% (p>0,05), city residents - 57.1% (p>0,05)). The content of presepsin in the blood serum of newborns of both comparison groups exceeded 300 pg/ml. According to the main clinical characteristics, these groups were comparable. According to the time of manifestation of clinical signs of sepsis, the distribution by groups was gomogenous. Results. A comprehensive clinical examination of newborns with neonatal sepsis on the 1st and the 3rd day of treatment gave reason to believe that signs of organ dysfunction are not associated with the severity of acute-phase indicators of the immunological response. However, on the 7th day of treatment, in patients with higher indicators of the inflammatory response, the preservation of signs of organ dysfunction, namely certain neurological, respiratory, hemodynamic disorders, changes in nutritional status, were noted. Conclusions. A comprehensive clinical examination of newborns with neonatal sepsis in the dynamics revealed that the preservation of more pronounced signs of organ dysfunction is inherent in patients with higher inflammatory response rates on the 7th day of inpatient treatment. Based on the obtained data, it is shown that the cohort of children with neonatal sepsis was heterogeneous with certain characteristic features depending on immunological reactivity. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the parents was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Measles: age characteristics of the course
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine, Usachova O.V. , Pakholchuk T.M. ,   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine, Silina E.A. ,   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine, Vorobiova N.V. ,   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine, Kulesh I.O. ,   CNE «Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases» of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, Ukraine, Kolesnik O.V. ,   CNE «Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases» of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Purpose - to analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of measles infection in children during the 2017-2018 outbreak in Zaporizhzhia region to increase the alertness of primary care physicians to measles. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the clinical and epidemiological features of measles infection in 58 children undergoing inpatient treatment in the CNE «Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases» of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Council in 2017-2018. Results. 78.5% of children were hospitalised later than the 3rd day of illness. In the catarrhal period, all children had hyperthermia and the presence of Belsky-Filatov-Koplik spots. The rash lasted 5.3±0.5 days. In all patients, the rash was patchy-papular and spread from top to bottom with the appearance of pigmentation from the 5th day of the disease. All children had a typical form of the disease, in 91.4% of cases - moderate, in 8.6% - severe. 91.4% of children had complications. Among the complications, obstructive bronchitis was more common in infants and young children (р˂0.05), while reactive hepatitis was more common in older children (р˂0.05). Conclusions. During the outbreak of measles in Ukraine (in 2017-2018), the course of the disease was typical. Obstructive bronchitis was the most frequent complication in children of early age, reactive hepatitis - in older children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent of the children’s parents was obtained for the study. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Russian Journals in the Subject Category “History” in Scopus: Key Indicators and Impact Assessment at the International Level
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Gorelkin Vitaliy
Published: July 2023

The article presents an analysis of Russian journals indexed in Scopus in 2021 by the category “History.” The purpose of the study was to assess the current level and influence of Russian historical journals on the basis of a comparison of their bibliometric indicators with data from journals in France and Germany. Sources and methods. The sources were the data of the Scopus international scientometric database, the SCImago Journal & Country Rank portal, the Russian Science Citation Index, and the Internet sites of journals. Conclusions and discussion. The important features of Russian journals that need to be taken into account when analyzing their bibliometric indicators are revealed: the late start of indexing in Scopus, the presence of more works from other socio-humanities, a large number of articles published annually, the affiliation of the absolute majority of historical journals to universities and research institutes, and the predominance of the journal distribution model by the type of open access. Open access to Russian journals compensates for a high percentage of publications in Russian (85.5%) and a high proportion of Russian authors (82.8%). In terms of citation indicators, Russian journals are superior to French ones and inferior to German ones. Based on the analysis of the “extreme citation” of individual Russian journals, options for correcting it are proposed. Despite the higher self-citation rate of Russian journals (40%), they have higher ratings on average, both at the national level and in comparison with historical journals in France and Germany. The question of defining the boundaries between the specializations of the journal in a closed scientific discipline, going beyond which can be assessed as artificial self-citation, is raised separately. Doubts are expressed about the possibility of a rapid reorientation of Russian journals from the European and American areas of cooperation to researchers from other regions.
Armed Conflict as a Media Project of the 21st Century: Ukrainian Case
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Kosov Gennady , Yarmak Olga ,   Sevastopol State University, Litvishko Olga ,   Sevastopol State University, Gapich Alexandr ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Modern armed confrontation has an obligatory information component and, moreover, can be a kind of media project in a situation where the confrontation is based on a contradiction between military and political goals. Based on the results obtained, the authors concluded that new media are a mechanism for implementing a media project to transform “real” reality, change the media and supra-real (cognitive, mental, or reflective) realities. Methods and materials. During the study, over 1900 images and videos were analyzed posted in the network communities of social media VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, and Twitter, as well as the Telegram communication messenger, from February to May 2022. Analysis. Modern armed confrontation is a new type of social connection since the Internet, social media, and politics form new political and communicative ties in society, which, in turn, create or destroy political forces and change political regimes and economic players for markets. Result. The authors propose a model connecting physical, informational, and virtual spaces, explaining network communication creation and functioning. This model influences politics, economics, resources, and territories through people’s mass consciousness. Authors’ contribution. G.V. Kosov developed the theoretical basis of the study and carried out the general scientific editing of the article. O.V. Yarmak analyzed the dominant trends in modern media projects and the Ukrainian case. O.M. Litvishko interpreted the results of theoretical and empirical studies characterizing the process of forming a new media project. A.E. Gapich organized studies of images and videos posted in the network communities of social media (VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Twitter), as well as the Telegram messenger.
The Influence of the Transformations in Uzbekistan’s Economy on Personnel Issues During the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Tashkent University of Information Technologies, Babadjanov Khasan , Abdullaev Aziz ,   World Economy and Diplomacy University
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article outlines transformations in Uzbekistan’s economy during the Great Patriotic War, the emergence of problems related to personnel as a result of these changes, the main causes of the lack of staff, and measures to prevent this shortage and their effectiveness. The given study analyzed the organizational problems of providing the economy with employees, analyzed measures taken during the Great Patriotic War to meet the demands of the country’s economy for personnel, and obtained new data dealing with the social status of human resources. Methods and Materials. A wide range of archival sources from the funds of the National Archive of Uzbekistan that weren’t published earlier was used in the preparation of the article. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism. In the course of the study, historicalcomparative and statistical methods were applied. Analysis. The research conducted identified factors related to productivity and social issues. In particular, the labor productivity of the new staff (mainly women and adolescents) replacing qualified personnel who went to the war front has been analyzed; on the other hand, the impact of the working process on their social lives has been considered. During the war years, the involvement of women and children in production in the republic and their relationship with the evacuated population resulted in significant positive trends in society. Results. In general, by studying the impact of changes in Uzbekistan’s economy on personnel issues during the Great Patriotic War, valuable information about various sectors of the Republic’s economy during the war years as well as the advances and defects in different economic branches was obtained. Authors’ contribution. Kh.B. Babadjanov and A.K. Abdullayev jointly studied archival materials and scientific literature and drew conclusions on the topic. Kh.B. Babadjanov analyzed the documents of the National Archive of Uzbekistan, which made it possible to explore the peculiarities of the transformation of the economy of Uzbekistan during the Great Patriotic War and the supply of it with personnel. A.K. Abdullayev participated in the analysis of statistical and economic data.
Post-Soviet Societies and the World of the Everyday Life of the Udis: Features of Formation of New Identity
Authors:   Volgograd State Agricultural University, Danakari Richard , Podurueva-Miloevich Victoria ,   Volgograd State Medical University
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The radical transformations of recent decades have significantly changed the lives of ethnic groups like the Udis. Due to their small numbers and poor degree of protection, ethnic groups are the first to feel tension, crises, and conflicts in society, the sequelae of political, social, economic, and cultural modernization, and growing risks and threats in the global world. Methods. The systematic method made it possible to determine the contradictory and conflicting nature of modernization taking place in post-Soviet societies. The dialectical approach, the principle of unity in diversity, as well as the synergetic approach have revealed ambiguity, dynamism, and conflict in the emergence of both ethnic and general cultural identity. Analysis. Studies of the real state of post-Soviet societies have shown the unbalanced and diffuse nature of modernization, the ambiguity of the present, and uncertainty of the future. Considering the Volgograd region, the authors point out relatively stable interethnic and interdenominational relations. Simultaneously, it was revealed that the absence of a national ideology and common objectives and values problematize the issues of the joint existence of nations and ethnic groups, and hamper the search for a common cultural identity. Results. The paper reveals the complex nature of the dynamics of heterogeneous Russian society and the inadequacy of calls for unity and integration of peoples while the society continues to be fragmented, polarized, and its citizens being alienated and atomized. The agenda for national minorities and ethnic groups includes issues of determining genuine national interests by the authorities, the formation of an all-Russian identity, and patriotism as the basis of stability and sustainable development of the country. The complex environment of social communication is replete with various multifaceted processes and influences that will allow representatives of ethnic groups to become carriers of common rules, common moral norms, and cultural meanings, values, traditions and customs. Authors’ contribution. As a representative of the Udis ethnic group, R.A. Danakari considered the sociopolitical existence of his native ethnic group. The author argues convincingly that modern forms and types of modernization destroy the “life world” and traditions of most Udis, leading to marginalization, i.e., loss of origins and roots, as well as assimilation and acculturation. V.Yu. Podurueva-Miloevich focused on the political dynamics and psychological characteristics of the rapid transformation of the modern world. As a result, the author reveals the inability of most minor ethnic groups to adapt to postmodernity, to make the transition to a new identity, and to achieve self-realization.
Twitter Diplomacy in Shaping the Foreign Policy Agenda of the United States of America During the Presidency of D. Trump
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Efanova Elena
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Foreign policy is based on the desire of states to improve the image of their country, disseminate their values abroad, and develop international cooperation. In the context of the information age, one of the innovative tools of US foreign policy is Twitter diplomacy, an active supporter of which was ex-President Donald Trump. The content of Donald Trump’s recordings on his Twitter page reflects the main US foreign policy goals implemented within NATO. The purpose of the work is to, on the basis of an analysis of the principles (manufacturability, multilateralism, activity, and interactivity) of the implementation of Twitter diplomacy; determine its specifics as a tool for shaping the foreign policy agenda of the United States of America within NATO during the presidency of D. Trump. Methods and materials. The work uses general geological methods of policy research and methods of theoretical and applied (problem-situational) political scientific analysis. The theoretical basis was the network approach in the interpretation of M. Castels, which made it possible to identify the specifics of relations between policy actors within the framework of a dynamically developing online space. Analysis. As a result of a political analysis of the logic of the implementation of US foreign policy, the functional potential of Twitter diplomacy in the process of forming a foreign policy agenda during the presidency of Donald Trump was determined. Conclusions. The work conceptually comprehends the category “foreign policy agenda of the state.” Based on an analysis of the entries on D. Trump’s Twitter page, it was proven that through Twitter diplomacy, the United States of America has implemented foreign policy goals in NATO on defense spending in the Alliance member countries and confronting Russia.
The Scholarly Divide: Insights from the AIS Well-being Project
Authors:   McIntire School of Commerce University of Virginia, Wright Ryan , Saunders Carol ,   Department of Management University of Central Florida University of Pretoria South Africa, Sarker Saonee ,   Department of Informatics Lund University Sweden, Kankanhalli Atreyi ,   Department of Information Systems and Analytics School of Computing National University of Singapore, Whitley Edgar ,   Department of Management London School of Economics and Political Science United Kingdom, Tuunainen Virpi ,   Aalto University School of Business Aalto University Finland, Henriksen Helle ,   Department of Digitalization Copenhagen Business School Denmark
Published: July 2023

This article provides an overview of the findings from the Information Systems (IS) Well-Being Project that was started in the fall of 2020. There were two goals of this project: 1) to understand the physical, mental, social, and financial well-being of IS academics during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 2) to theorize the downstream effects of the pandemic on the health of the IS research ecosystem. This investigation surfaced a troubling phenomenon that we coined “the IS scholarly divide”. This editorial develops the theoretical underpinnings for the scholarly divide and posits the taxonomy of the divide. Finally, we explore the effects and forward some possible remedies.
Role of Social Media in Technology Adoption for Sustainable Agriculture Practices: Evidence from Twitter Analytics
Authors:   ICFAI Business School, Hyderabad A Constituent of IFHE (Deemed to be) University, Hyderabad, India, Yadav Jitendra , Yadav Avikshit ,   Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Misra Madhvendra ,   Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Rana Nripendra ,   College of Business and Economics Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, Zhou Jianlong ,   School of Computer Science University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
Published: July 2023

Social networking sites provide a new means of communication for disseminating cutting-edge agricultural technologies. These are unmediated interaction channels that enable a user to communicate their experience with technology and generate negative or positive attitudes that impact technology adoption decisions. We employ a machine learning approach to analyse users' existing semantic predisposition for technology adoption in agriculture at various operational levels. While developing attitudes toward technology adoption, these semantic tendencies become an important aspect of users' cognitive decision making. The study scrapes user comments and conversations about agritech on Twitter through data mining. The research also explains the important characteristics that enhance attitude building on Twitter and are responsible for reinforcing decision making among information seekers using four machine learning models. Based on the results, the research recommends strategies to managers for better communication with agriculturists and enhancement of users' decision making.
Towards a Scalable Digital Skills Training Architecture for Resource-Constrained Environments: The Case of Ayitic Goes Global in Haiti
Authors:   Mona School of Business and Management, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica, Rao Lila , McNaughton Maurice ,   Mona School of Business and Management, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica, Verma Sameer ,   Lam Family College of Business, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA
Published: July 2023

In developing countries such as Haiti, which are marked by high unemployment and gender inequality, online education has the potential to change lives. Returns on education are particularly high in Information Communications Technology (ICT)-intensive jobs and IT outsourcing offers opportunities for remote employment, providing alternatives for economic diversification and job creation that are particularly relevant for youth and women. However, the problem faced by many developing countries, is that traditional models, frameworks, architectures, and platforms for online learning do not lend themselves well to their context and, therefore, it is important to develop context-specific platforms. This need for suitable platforms has motivated the research question that this paper seeks to address, that is: What is the appropriate architecture that supports learning strategies for delivering scalable digital skills training in a resource-constrained environment? We propose an architecture that was developed specifically for blended learning in resource-constrained environments and describe how a prototype for this was designed, built, and deployed in Haiti. The initial responses to the application of the architecture, including the testimonials of the participants and the interest expressed by other countries of the region in adopting the proposed architecture, have been extremely positive.