bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiac stem cell therapy among Clinics of Uncertain Regulatory Status (COURS): under-regulated, under-observed, incompletely understood
Authors: Lindeman Amanda , Pepine Carl J. , March Keith L.
Published: July 2020

Background

Although a large body of information exists relating to cellular therapies, much of this information is either anecdotal or has been obtained from relatively small clinical trials, so that the level of evidence available to direct adoption of therapeutic approaches is quite limited. Despite this, a large number of clinics offer various cellular treatments without having gone through the processes of FDA approval. Florida is considered a “hotspot” of such sites, with a large number of clinics relative to the population.

Methods

To better understand the magnitude and scope of this issue with a specific focus on cardiovascular disease, we surveyed clinics in Florida advertising “cell therapy for heart failure”. We identified only 8 clinics that “treat cardiac conditions, including heart failure.” Data on administration route, cell type used, dose, success rate, cost, and training of persons performing procedures were collected when available, via email, telephone, or website information.

Results

A total of 20,135 patients were identified as treated: 2157 for cardiac conditions. All clinics reported administering cells intravenously, using either adipose- or umbilical-derived sources. Doses ranged from 30 to 150 million cells per treatment. The “success rate” ranged from 65 to 85%, with costs from $6000 to $20,700. Procedures were performed by PAs, MDs, and DOs.

Conclusion

Large numbers of patients (> 10% of all 20,135 patients) have been and presumably are still are being treated for “cardiac conditions.” We conclude that implementation of uniform data collection with an outcome registry, as well as creation of a public database listing FDA-approved cell-based clinical trials, would be useful to patients and the cardiovascular field at large.
Real GDP growth rates and healthcare spending – comparison between the G7 and the EM7 countries
Authors: Jakovljevic Mihajlo , Timofeyev Yuriy , Ranabhat Chhabi Lal , Fernandes Paula Odete , Teixeira João Paulo , Rancic Nemanja , Reshetnikov Vladimir
Published: July 2020

Background

Accelerated globalisation has substantially contributed to the rise of emerging markets worldwide. The G7 and Emerging Markets Seven (EM7) behaved in significantly different macroeconomic ways before, during, and after the 2008 Global Crisis. Average real GDP growth rates remained substantially higher among the EM7, while unemployment rates changed their patterns after the crisis. Since 2017, however, approximately one half of the worldwide economic growth is attributable to the EM7, and only a quarter to the G7. This paper aims to analyse the association between the health spending and real GDP growth in the G7 and the EM7 countries.

Results

In terms of GDP growth, the EM7 exhibited a higher degree of resilience during the 2008 crisis, compared to the G7. Unemployment in the G7 nations was rising significantly, compared to pre-recession levels, but, in the EM7, it remained traditionally high. In the G7, the austerity (measured as a percentage of GDP) significantly decreased the public health expenditure, even more so than in the EM7. Out-of-pocket health expenditure grew at a far more concerning pace in the EM7 compared to the G7 during the crisis, exposing the vulnerability of households living close to the poverty line. Regression analysis demonstrated that, in the G7, real GDP growth had a positive impact on out-of-pocket expenditure, measured as a percentage of current health expenditure, expressed as a percentage of GDP (CHE). In the EM7, it negatively affected CHE, CHE per capita, and out-of-pocket expenditure per capita.

Conclusion

The EM7 countries demonstrated stronger endurance, withstanding the consequences of the crisis as compared to the G7 economies. Evidence of this was most visible in real growth and unemployment rates, before, during and after the crisis. It influenced health spending patterns in both groups, although they tended to diverge instead of converge in several important areas.
Semantic segmentation to identify bladder layers from H&E Images
Authors: Niazi Muhammad Khalid Khan , Yazgan Enes , Tavolara Thomas E. , Li Wencheng , Lee Cheryl T. , Parwani Anil , Gurcan Metin N.
Published: July 2020

Background

Identification of bladder layers is a necessary prerequisite to bladder cancer diagnosis and prognosis. We present a method of multi-class image segmentation, which recognizes urothelium, lamina propria, muscularis propria, and muscularis mucosa layers as well as regions of red blood cells, cauterized tissue, and inflamed tissue from images of hematoxylin and eosin stained slides of bladder biopsies.

Methods

Segmentation is carried out using a U-Net architecture. The number of layers was either, eight, ten, or twelve and combined with a weight initializers of He uniform, He normal, Glorot uniform, and Glorot normal. The most optimal of these parameters was found by through a seven-fold training, validation, and testing of a dataset of 39 whole slide images of T1 bladder biopsies.

Results

The most optimal model was a twelve layer U-net using He normal initializer. Initial visual evaluation by an experienced pathologist on an independent set of 15 slides segmented by our method yielded an average score of 8.93 ± 0.6 out of 10 for segmentation accuracy. It took only 23 min for the pathologist to review 15 slides (1.53 min/slide) with the computer annotations. To assess the generalizability of the proposed model, we acquired an additional independent set of 53 whole slide images and segmented them using our method. Visual examination by a different experienced pathologist yielded an average score of 8.87 ± 0.63 out of 10 for segmentation accuracy.

Conclusions

Our preliminary findings suggest that predictions of our model can minimize the time needed by pathologists to annotate slides. Moreover, the method has the potential to identify the bladder layers accurately. Further development can assist the pathologist with the diagnosis of T1 bladder cancer.
Establishing cross-systems collaborations for implementation: protocol for a longitudinal mixed methods study
Authors: Bunger Alicia C. , Chuang Emmeline , Girth Amanda , Lancaster Kathryn E. , Gadel Fawn , Himmeger Marla , Saldana Lisa , Powell Byron J. , Aarons Gregory A.
Published: July 2020

Background

Cross-system interventions can help integrate services across different service delivery systems but require organizations to establish strong collaborative relationships for implementation. Contingency theory suggests that the effectiveness of different collaborative strategies (i.e. specific ways organizations align operations and services) varies by context. This paper describes a study of different strategies for fostering collaboration between child welfare and substance abuse treatment agencies and the conditions under which they are effective for implementation. We also describe the development and piloting of the Collaborating Across Systems for Program Implementation (CASPI) tool—a decision-making guide intended to help researchers and organizational leaders identify and use appropriate collaborative strategies for their context.

Methods/design

This multisite longitudinal, mixed methods study, leverages a naturally occurring implementation initiative -- in up to 17 Ohio counties -- to implement Ohio START (Sobriety Treatment and Reducing Trauma). START is a child welfare model that requires strong collaboration with local substance use treatment organizations to promote integrated services. During the first two years, we will identify collaborative strategies associated with improved START implementation (penetration and fidelity) and service delivery outcomes (timeliness), given system, and organizational features. We will conduct a convergent mixed methods study drawing on worker surveys, agency documents, administrative data, formal partner agreements, and group interviews. Data will be integrated and analyzed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). To develop the CASPI, an expert panel comprised of implementation experts, and community stakeholders will convene to synthesize our findings and develop contents (including a decision tree). During the final year of the study, we will assess the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the CASPI in a randomized vignette experiment, and a pilot-test with 3 child welfare agencies that have not yet implemented START.

Discussion

Our results will lay the groundwork for a larger controlled trial that will test the CASPI’s effectiveness for supporting effective and efficient implementation of cross-system interventions like START. The CASPI is expected to help leaders and researchers select and use collaboration strategies tailored to their context and be applicable in a wide range of settings including rural communities. Our work also advances system-level implementation strategies.

Trial registration

NCT03931005, Registered April 29, 2019.
Process evaluation of a complex intervention to promote advance care planning in community-dwelling older persons (the STADPLAN study)—study protocol
Authors: Silies Katharina , Schnakenberg Rieke , Berg Almuth , Kirchner Änne , Langner Henriette , Köberlein-Neu Juliane , Meyer Gabriele , Hoffmann Falk , Köpke Sascha
Published: July 2020

Background

Process evaluation addresses the implementation, mechanisms of impact, and context of participants in complex interventions. The STADPLAN study assesses the effects of conversations on advance care planning (ACP) led by trained nurse facilitators. The complex intervention consists of several components that may lead to various changes in attitude and behavior regarding personal ACP activities. With the process evaluation, we aim to assess how changes were achieved in the STADPLAN intervention.

Methods

The planned process evaluation study will be conducted alongside a cluster-randomized controlled trial on ACP in home care services (HCS). Trained nurse facilitators will deliver the ACP intervention consisting of an information brochure and two ACP conversations. A logic model depicts the assumed change processes of the intervention: the educational program enables nurses to conduct ACP conversations with patients and their caregivers. Patients gain knowledge and reflect upon and engage in their own ACP. Caregivers better understand patients’ wishes and feel reassured in their role as surrogates. Designation of a surrogate and communication on ACP are facilitated. We will assess the effects of the educational program with questionnaires and a focus group including all participating nurses. We will measure ACP engagement, and prevalence of advance directives in patients, and ask for their experiences with the intervention. We will conduct semi-structured interviews with caregivers about their expectations and experiences regarding ACP in general and the intervention. We will address context factors, e.g., basic characteristics of the HCS (such as ownership, number of clients, staff and qualification). Analysis will be based upon the logic model, integrating qualitative and quantitative data.

Discussion

The comprehensive process evaluation will provide essential information on the feasibility of implementation strategies and the clinical relevance of a nurse-led ACP intervention in home care recipients and its generalizability and transferability to other settings.

Trial registration

German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00016886. Registered retrospectively on June 4, 2019, first participant included on May 29, 2019.
Pullback attractors of nonautonomous discrete p-Laplacian complex Ginzburg–Landau equations with fast-varying delays
Authors: Pu Xiaoqin , Wang Xuemin , Li Dingshi
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we consider a class of nonautonomous discrete p-Laplacian complex Ginzburg–Landau equations with time-varying delays. We prove the existence and uniqueness of pullback attractor for these equations. The existing results of studying attractors for time-varying delay equations require that the derivative of the delay term should be less than 1 (called slow-varying delay). By using differential inequality technique, our results remove the constraints on the delay derivative. So, we can deal with the equations with fast-varying delays (without any constraints on the delay derivative).
Wi-Fi indoor positioning and navigation: a cloudlet-based cloud computing approach
Authors: Khanh Tran Trong , Nguyen VanDung , Pham Xuan-Qui , Huh Eui-Nam
Published: July 2020

Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning for determining accurate wireless indoor location information has become crucial in meeting increasing demands for location-based services by leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) and ubiquitous connectivity. Most Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning techniques using wireless received signal strength (RSS)-based methods are affected by the indoor environment and depend on the respective signals from at least three reference access points. In this paper, we propose a cloudlet-based cloud computing system enabling Wi-Fi indoor positioning and navigation through a Wi-Fi located on a one-hop wireless network. Our cloudlet-based cloud computing system provides the reference point data and real-time interactive response for a self-driving indoor cart. The system was tested in a real environment with the following results: (1) our system autonomously performed actions, such as turning right or left or going straight according to a movement decision algorithm and determined the position within a stable range of Wi-Fi coverage; (2) the cloudlet and core cloud can track navigation for an indoor self-driving cart; (3) the global and local positions designed for reference access points and a specific position can navigate the self-driving cart to a particular position accurately; (4) the moving edge clouds play a role in deciding three action movements (go straight, turn left, and turn right), as well as managing the local position of the items; and (5) a core cloud is deployed to store all information for the items, such as their positions and corresponding Wi-Fi locations. A core cloud manages items that have the same position (i.e., a global position) defined as the corresponding Wi-Fi location. Finally, the practical results have significance in designing a cloudlet-based cloud computing system enabling Wi-Fi indoor positioning and navigation.
Healthcare workers’ perspectives on healthcare-associated infections and infection control practices: a video-reflexive ethnography study in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Paul Esther , Alzaydani Asiri Ibrahim A. , Al-Hakami Ahmed , Chandramoorthy Harish C. , Alshehri Sarah , Beynon C. M. , Alkahtani Abdullah M. , Asiri Ali H.
Published: July 2020

Background

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a global public health problem. For the fulfillment of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, the promotion of preventive care medicine through HAI management is a crucial issue. This study explores the perspectives of Saudi tertiary healthcare workers (HCWs) on HAIs and infection control measures.

Methods

Quantitative data were assessed to determine HCWs’ knowledge of HAI and their attitudes towards and practice of infection control measures. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data from 40 doctors and nurses. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Further, routine sterile procedures in the wards and intensive care units were video recorded, and the footage was discussed by the infection control team and the personnel involved in the videos. This discussion was videographed and transcribed. Both interview data and reflective discussion of the video were analysed using thematic analysis. The quantitative data were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and logistic regression analysis.

Results

Kruskal–Wallis test revealed no difference in mean knowledge, attitude, or practice scores between nurses/ doctors or the genders. There was a significant difference in knowledge score and practice scores between the Intensive care unit & the Paediatric ward /infection control department with the maximum scores in knowledge and practice among participants from the intensive care unit. Logistic regression analysis for dependent variables (knowledge and attitude) and independent variables like age, gender, designation, and departments was not significant. The qualitative data yielded four themes: knowledge of HAI and infection control, infection control measures in practice, a shortfall in infection control measures and HAI, and required implementation. Video-reflexive ethnography (VRE) revealed lapses in handwashing practice and proper usage of personal protective equipment (PPE), especially surgical masks.

Conclusion

Early introduction of training programmes in medical and nursing schools and video demonstrations of appropriate infection control practices during sterile procedures would be highly beneficial to HCWs. A possible reason for the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus in this part of Saudi Arabia could be a lapse in PPE usage. Intensive training programs for all the HCWs, strict vigilant protocols, and a willingness to change behaviour and practice, will significantly benefit the spread of outbreaks.
Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography findings after percutaneous cryoablation of early breast cancer
Authors: Adachi Takuya , Machida Youichi , Fukuma Eisuke , Tateishi Ukihide
Published: July 2020

Background

To document 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings after percutaneous cryoablation for early breast cancer.

Methods

Data of 193 consecutive patients who had undergone cryoablation for invasive ductal carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ ≤ 15 mm without a history of ipsilateral breast cancer, synchronous ipsilateral lesion, and with estrogen receptor positive/human epidermal growth factor 2 negative were enrolled. The imaging characteristics of the treated areas were evaluated and classified on CT images as one of two types: fatty mass or non-fatty mass type. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the initial post-cryoablation PET/CT, the CT type of the treated area and selected clinical factors (age, menopausal status, lesion area, breast density, timing of PET/CT) were retrospectively evaluated.

Results

The median interval between cryoablation and the initial post-cryoablation PET/CT was 12 months. The median SUVmax of the treated area was 1.36. The CT findings of the treated area were classified as fatty mass type (n = 137, 71.0%) or non-fatty mass type (n = 56, 29.0%). The treated areas of patients with lower breast density, of older age, post-menopausal status, and lower radiation dose were significantly more likely to be of fatty mass type (P < 0.001). Non-fatty mass type averaged a significantly higher SUVmax than did fatty mass type.

Conclusions

Post-cryoablation PET/CT findings are of fatty or non-fatty mass type. A non-fatty appearance, which can show higher SUVmax, does not necessarily denote recurrence.
The relationship between oxidative stress and acute ischemic stroke severity and functional outcome
Authors: Elsayed Wael M. , Abdel-Gawad El-Hady A. , Mesallam Dalia I. A. , El-Serafy Tamer S.
Published: July 2020

Background

Cerebral ischemia initiates an oxidative stress response in the brain which is a composite process that involves many oxidative stress biomarkers. High levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke had been found. The evaluation of oxidative stress in the acute stage may contribute to improve the post ischemic stroke outcome.

Objective

The aim of the current study to assess MDA level, as an oxidative stress biomarker, in acute ischemic stroke on admission and its relation with stroke severity on admission and also, its relation with three months short-term outcome.

Methods

Forty-two patients (20 males and 22 females) with acute ischemic stroke were prospectively enrolled in follow-up cohort study. Serum MDA was measured within 24 h after admission. We studied the relationship between MDA and stroke severity and functional outcome after 3 months assessed by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) respectively.

Results

Serum MDA levels correlated significantly with clinical short-term stroke outcome after 3 months (p< 0.001).

Conclusion(s)

These data provide evidence that the MDA (an oxidative stress biomarker) may be used as predictor for functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke.
Chronic Comorbidities Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer
Authors: Chao Chun , Bhatia Smita , Xu Lanfang , Cannavale Kimberly L. , Wong F. Lennie , Huang Po-Yin Samuel , Cooper Robert , Armenian Saro H.
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE

To describe the incidence, relative risk, and risk factors for chronic comorbidities in survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study included 2-year survivors of AYA cancer diagnosed between age 15 and 39 years at Kaiser Permanente Southern California from 2000 to 2012. A comparison cohort without cancer was individually matched (13:1) to survivors of cancer on age, sex, and calendar year. Using electronic medical records, all participants were followed through December 31, 2014, for chronic comorbidity diagnoses. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the association between cancer survivor status and risk of developing each comorbidity. The associations between cumulative exposure to chemotherapy and radiation therapy and selected comorbidities were examined for survivors of cancer.

RESULTS

The cohort included 6,778 survivors of AYA cancer and 87,737 persons without a history of cancer. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for survivors of cancer was significantly increased for nearly all comorbidities examined. IRR ranged from 1.3 (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.4) for dyslipidemia to 8.3 (95% CI, 4.6 to 14.9) for avascular necrosis. Survivors of AYA cancer had a 2- to 3-fold increased risk for cardiomyopathy, stroke, premature ovarian failure, chronic liver disease, and renal failure. Among survivors of cancer, significant associations between chemotherapy and radiation therapy exposures and late effects of cardiomyopathy, hearing loss, stroke, thyroid disorders, and diabetes were observed from the multivariable analyses. Forty percent of survivors of AYA cancer had multiple (≥ 2) comorbidities at 10 years after index date, compared with 20% of those without cancer.

CONCLUSION

Risk of developing comorbidities is increased in survivors of AYA cancer compared with the general population. Specific cancer treatment exposures were associated with risk of developing different comorbidities. These findings have important implications for survivorship care planning and patient education.
Miraculous Evidence
Authors: Telliel Yunus Doğan
Published: July 2020

Since the end of the nineteenth century, Muslims have pursued the idea that the Quran foreshadows new scientific discoveries. Linked to claims that the Quran's divine truth is continually substantiated, rather than disproved, by new scientific discoveries, certain verses are presented as Quranic miracles—evidence of its transcendent source. Drawing on ethnographic research with Turkish Muslims engaged in scientific exegesis, this article examines the evidentiary inquiry underlying the Quran's “scientific miracles” along two lines: first, it considers how these efforts, while invoking traditional understandings of the miraculous (i.e., arresting one in awed suspense), shift focus away from the Quran's stylistic and textual properties (requiring mastery of Arabic) and toward its signifying, universally accessible natural phenomena. Second, as the idea of scientific miracles befits apologetics typically used to defend the Quran against non-Muslims' criticisms, it asks why these efforts are directed primarily toward Muslims themselves. The article argues that the power of scientific miracles lies not only in the appeal of a universal language of evidence, but also in its use as a tool of “inner conversion,” which helps enable a modern refiguring of Muslim faith, from imitation (taqlid) to substantiation with evidence (tahqiq).
Lifestyle choice should not influence clinical decisions
Authors: Davis Owen , Nielsen Molly
Published: July 2020

With healthcare rationing in the headlines again, we present two essays on the topic from the winners of the Harold Ellis Medical Student Prize for Surgery. Owen Davis and Molly Nielsen argue that lifestyle choices should never be a factor in clinical decision-making.
Augmentation of absorption channels induced by wave-chaos effects in free-standing nanowire arrays
Authors: Kim Ji-Hwan , Bum Kang Sung , Yu Hyeon-Hye , Kim Jaewon , Ryu Jinhyeok , Lee Ji-Won , Jin Choi Kyoung , Kim Chil-Min , Yi Chang-Hwan
Published: July 2020

Plenty of issues on quantal features in chaotic systems have been raised since chaos was accepted as one of the intrinsic properties of nature. Through intensive studies, it was revealed that resonance spectra in chaotic systems exhibit complicated structures, which is deeply concerned with sophisticated resonance dynamics. Motivated by these phenomena, we investigate light absorption characteristics of chaotic nanowires in an array. According to our results, a chaotic cross-section of a nanowire induces a remarkable augmentation of absorption channels, that is, an increasing number of absorption modes leads to substantial light absorption enhancement, as the deformation of cross-section increases. We experimentally demonstrate the light absorption enhancement with free-standing Si-nanowire polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. Our results are applicable not only to transparent solar cells but also to complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors to maximize absorption efficiency.
High resolution, high channel count mid-infrared arrayed waveguide gratings in silicon
Authors: Malik Aditya , Spott Alexander , Wang Yue , Stanton Eric J. , Peters Jon , Bowers John E.
Published: July 2020

Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) working in the 4.7 µm wavelength range are reported on silicon-on-insulator waveguides with 1500 nm thick silicon and 2 µm thick buried oxide layers. For eight channel devices, three different channel spacings (200 GHz, 100 GHz, and 50 GHz) with cross talk levels of

−

32.31

d
B

,

−

31.87

d
B

, and

−

27.28

d
B

and insertion loss levels of

−

1.43

d
B

,

−

4.2

d
B

, and

−

2.3

d
B

, respectively, are demonstrated. Fourteen channel AWGs with 170 GHz channel spacing and 16 channel AWGs with 87 GHz channel spacing are shown to have a cross talk value of

−

21.67

d
B

and

−

24.30

d
B

and insertion loss value of

−

4.2

d
B

and

−

3.8

d
B

, respectively. Two AWGs with 10 nm difference in channel peak are designed, and the measurements show a 9.3 nm difference. The transmission spectrum shift as a function of temperature is found to be 0.22 nm/°C.
Narrating absence: Fan con events and the commodification of leisure
Authors: Lamond Ian R.
Published: July 2020

Beginning as the Golden State Comic Book Convention in 1970, which drew in around 300 people, what has now become San Diego Comic-Con now sees an average of 130,000 attendees a year with an estimated annual economic impact on the region of $150 million. Not only has attendance grown substantially over that period, but the breadth and diversity of fan convention events have also undergone significant change. In this conceptual article, I will begin by drawing on recent approaches to the study of event within critical event studies, in combination with a Lacanian approach to the presence/absence dialectic, to conceptualize fan con events, and the forms of leisure articulated within them, as diverse forms of the narrating of absence. From that perspective, its attention will turn to the large scale, rapidly expanding, highly commercialized fan con events sector. Drawing on critical approaches to the study of leisure rooted in the work of Stebbins and Spracklen, the article will reflect on how these events have become instrumentalized evental spaces where the narrating of absence has become a key engine in the commodification and monetization of leisure.
Films from the graduates in directing at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia (CSC): Festival nominations and awards1
Authors: Rolla Natalia , Sacchi Lisa
Published: July 2020

In our contribution to a Special Section dedicated to the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome (CSC) (Centre for Experimental Cinematography), we acknowledge the achievements of the school’s graduates in directing from 2004 to 2019. In particular, we provide a detailed list of the thesis films, short feature and animation films, as well as some long feature films, which have been selected for the Cannes and Venice Film Festivals, and have been nominated for and have been awarded national and international prizes such as the David di Donatello, the Silver Ribbon and the Golden Globe.
Pier Paolo Pasolini, Framed and Unframed: A Thinker for the Twenty-First-Century, Luca Peretti and Karen T. Raizen (eds) (2019)
Authors: Rigoletto Sergio
Published: July 2020

Review of: Pier Paolo Pasolini, Framed and Unframed: A Thinker for the Twenty-First-Century, Luca Peretti and Karen T. Raizen (eds) (2019)

New York: Bloomsbury, 273 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-50132-889-3, p/bk, $98.00
Biografie della Nazione: Vita, Storia, Politica nel Biopic Italiano, Giacomo Tagliani (2019)
Authors: Antolini Demetrio
Published: July 2020

Review of: Biografie della Nazione: Vita, Storia, Politica nel Biopic Italiano, Giacomo Tagliani (2019)

Catanzaro: Rubbettino Editore, 173 pp.,

ISBN 978-8-84985-771-9, p/bk, €15.00
A Ênfase nas Práticas de Leitura e Escrita no Ensino Fundamental / Emphasis on Reading and Writing Practices in Elementary Education
Authors: Menezes Raimundo Aurélio De , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

A importância da leitura e da escrita no cotidiano de todas as pessoas não merece retoques ou juízo de valor, independentemente do tempo ou do momento histórico. O ato de ler e escrever corretamente é o requisito mínimo que se exige de um cidadão na era contemporânea. O presente estudo discute a  Ênfase nas Práticas de Leitura e Escrita no Ensino Fundamental. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa cujo referencial teórico baseia-se nas propostas dos seguintes autores: Santos e Mendonça (2007), Vygotsky (21191 e 2008), que fundamentam os pressupostos do ensino e da aprendizagem, além das contribuições de Gasparin (2001) sobre a aprendizagem significativa e de Maia (2015) acerca da Psicolinguística e, Soares (2018) que aborda o campo de apropriação da escrita. Num tempo dominado pela tecnologia em que se apresentam novas versões e modos de leitura e de escrita, os usos desses instrumentos de comunicação pavimentam o caminho que vai possibilitar uma vida profissional e pessoal bem-sucedida. As plataformas de acesso à leitura e à escrita são múltiplas, desde a utilização do livro físico tradicional presente nas bibliotecas públicas e as escolares, dos livros gratuitos disponibilizados na internet, até ao e-book, um suporte da tecnologia para facilitar a vida dos leitores e assim, estimular o prazer pela leitura. Mesmo com todas essas facilidades, os processos de alfabetização e letramento no ensino fundamental, com ênfase na aprendizagem significativa em leitura e escrita, ainda representam um desafio para as políticas públicas no Brasil.
(Des)Igualdade de Oportunidades em contextos de Diversidade: Um Análise do Bullying vivenciado por Colaboradores Lgbt’s no Mercado de Trabalho / (Dis) Equal Opportunities in Diversity Contexts: An Analysis of Bullying Experienced by Lgbt's Employees in the Labor Market
Authors: Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Bitu Vanessa De Carvalho Nilo , Alencar Yohana Maria Monteiro Augusto de , Pinheiro Tássia Lobato
Published: July 2020

Ao se iniciar o estudo sobre o gênero violência, deparamo-nos com a dificuldade de aproximação para com o termo, pois é cabível várias interpretações e formas de manifestações. O presente trabalho buscou compreender como a orientação sexual e a identidade LGBT poderá se tornar empecilho nas interrelações sociais na vida profissional, bem como verificar os motivos que levam o local de trabalho a se tornar um lugar nefasto, devastador e repressor para os indivíduos que fogem ao padrão da heteronormatividade dominante e coercitivamente imposta para o convívio em sociedade. A relevância do presente ensaio fundamenta-se na analítica entre os conceitos da identidade LGBT em face da hegemonia da heteronormatividade, visto que este último conceito propaga a visão de que a heterossexualidade deve ser aceita enquanto conceito social básico natural presente na esfera profissional. Por fim, a metodologia utilizada neste ensaio é eminentemente de natureza de pesquisa qualitativa, a partir da proposição de uma revisão sistemática de literatura especializada – tanto em banco de teses de dissertações e teses, quanto em plataformas de artigos científicos - sobre a temática. Importante destacar que o estudo intenta trazer à tona de discussões, algumas contribuições de estudos prévios de expertises reconhecidos por seus pares, tais como: Miguel Melo et. al. (2016; 2001), Tamyris Brito et. al. (2016), Maria Berenice Dias (2011), Alice Barros (2011), Manoela Rodrigues e Henrique Nardi (2009), Sonia Nascimento (2009), Cleo Fante (2005), Sergio Cavalieri Filho (2004), Judy Korn e Thomas Mücke (2003) entre outros.
A Importância da Propaganda Médica para o sucesso da Indústria Farmacêutica e a Diferença que o Propagandista faz para a Classe Médica e seus Pacientes / The Importance of Medical Advertising for the Success of the Pharmaceutical Industry and the Difference that the Advertising Agent makes for the Medical Class and its Patients
Authors: Santos Bruno Lima e , Santos Thais Angela Rodrigues dos , Caffé Filho Hesler Piedade
Published: July 2020

O referido estudo tem por objetivo, destacar a importância da propaganda médica para o sucesso da indústria farmacêutica, e a diferença que o propagandista faz para a classe médica e seus pacientes. Por ser uma das indústrias mais rentáveis e lucrativas do mundo contemporâneo, as companhias farmacêuticas também sofrem com a alta competitividade, o que leva a busca incessante de profissionais cada vez mais qualificados e assertivos na busca de resultados em curto prazo. A temática justifica-se em razão da importância estratégica dos propagandistas de medicamentos para a indústria farmacêutica, sendo uma das indústrias que mais investem em pesquisa na atualidade, e contribuem para promoção da saúde e qualidade de vida da população. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa com delineamento descritivo-exploratório, cujo embasamento se dá através de pesquisa bibliográfica. Utilizou-se a metodologia de análise de conteúdo através dos artigos pesquisados. Os resultados demonstram que a Indústria Farmacêutica utiliza-se do propagandista médico como principal ferramenta de propaganda e estratégia de vendas, assim este profissional necessita de capacitação contínua e deve estar pronto para aceitar e superar os desafios impostos pela concorrência no segmento farmacêutico. Através da visitação a classe médica e farmácias, o propagandista consegue construir uma ponte entre a Indústria Farmacêutica e o paciente, promovendo saúde e bem-estar. Dessa forma, pode-se notar o importante papel desempenhado pelo propagandista e a relevância que este profissional tem para a indústria farmacêutica, para a classe médica e para a população em geral.
A Importância da Odontologia no Cuidado da Gestante: Revisão de Literatura / The Importance of Dentistry in the Care of Pregnant Women: Literature Review
Authors: Santos Clebia Gonçalves , Pereira Daniela Porto da Cunha
Published: July 2020

A literatura considera as gestantes um grupo estratégico para o estabelecimento de hábitos mais saudáveis. Porém, a taxa de mulheres grávidas que frequenta o Dentista é menor que aquelas não gestantes. Diante deste quadro, o objetivo do presente estudo é revisar a literatura acerca da importância da Odontologia na saúde das gestantes. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi feita utilizando a ferramenta de busca Google Acadêmico e as bases de dado eletrônicas Pubmed, Cochrane Library e Scielo. Diante do exposto, foi possível observar que o Cirurgião-Dentista tem um papel de grande importância na gravidez, de forma que este profissional é capaz de favorece uma boa gravidez, evitando com a sua atuação a disseminação sistêmica de patógenos e facilitando a promoção de saúde oral no bebe em formação, devido à conscientização e cuidado da sua mãe.
Recursos Didáticos para alunos com Deficiência Visual: Uma análise das Pesquisas no Brasil / Teaching Resources for students with Visual Disabilities: An analysis of Research in Brazil
Authors: Magalhães Priscila Giselli Silva , Kawakami Layana Mayumi Murakami
Published: July 2020

A visão é um canal importante entre o indivíduo e o mundo e sua ausência pode prejudicar o desenvolvimento pleno de habilidades e conhecimentos. Na educação, a pessoa com deficiência visual pode ter seu processo de aprendizagem facilitado por meio de recursos didáticos que buscam aprimorar as aulas. Devido à importância da visibilidade desses estudos, o presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar as pesquisas sobre recursos didáticos para alunos com deficiência visual no Brasil. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica, apresenta uma abordagem quantitativa na coleta e exposição dos dados e qualitativa em relação à análise das literaturas reunidas na discussão dos dezenove artigos selecionados. Concluiu-se que as pesquisas envolveram publicações de forma constante ao longo de quatorze anos, apresentando uma concentração de publicações na região sudeste. Também foi possível perceber a presença majoritária de pesquisas de campo e cunho qualitativo, reforçando a tradição da pesquisa em educação no Brasil.
SINERGI STAKEHOLDER UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN : Studi Kelompok Wanita Tani Sumber Patedhan Program CSR PT Pertamina (Persero) Integrated Terminal Cilacap
Authors: Utami Erna , Aditya Rahadiyand , Sugianto Ardi
Published: July 2020

The number of workers in the formal or informal sector is still dominated by men. One of the reasons is the discovery of patriarchal culture in several fields of life. The role of the government, non-governmental institutions as well as the private sector in breaking the chain needs to be done. So how is the synergy of stakeholders to get help through Sumber Patedhan RW 01 dan 03 Women's Farmers Group in Lomanis Cilacap Village? This research uses descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. This research concludes that the CSR Program conducted by PT Pertamina Integrated Terminal Cilacap is included in the Corporate Citizenship category. This Program Has Cause Programs That The Company Has Done Tackling Society And Sustainability. Synergy stakeholders have also participated in this program. although there are a few notes. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Women's Empowerment, Women Farmers' Groups, Welfare, Stakeholders.
Production of Bio-hydrocarbon from Refined-Bleach-Deodorized Palm Oil using Micro Activity Test Reactor
Authors: Mansur Dieni , Aminuddin Aminuddin , Wargadalam Verina J
Published: July 2020

Catalytic cracking of vegetable oil for the production of bio-hydrocarbons had been developed. In this study, the catalytic cracking of Refined-Bleach-Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) had carried out over Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) equilibrium catalyst in a micro activity test reactor at 510°C under various catalyst to oil (CTO) ratio of 1.20 - 2.01 g/g. The catalytic cracking of RBDPO had produced the organic liquid product (OLP) containing bio-hydrocarbon, water, gas, and coke on the catalyst converted to CO2 during the catalyst regeneration process. The increase in CTO ratio from 1.20 to 2.01, OLP yield decreased from 80.48% to 70.12%. The OLP was separated into gasoline, light cycle oil (LCO), and heavy cycle oil (HCO) based on boiling point difference by a simulated distillation gas chromatography (SimDis GC). High gasoline fraction as 31.56% was produced at CTO of 2.01 g/g. The gasoline fraction contained olefins, aromatics, paraffin, iso-paraffins, and a small amount of naphthenes and oxygenates. The presence of chemicals in the gasoline fraction influenced the research octane number (RON) of the fuel.Keyword: bio-hydrocarbon; catalytic cracking; micro activity test reactor; RBDPO
Marked and unmarked translanguaging in accelerated, mainstream, and sheltered English classrooms
Authors: Beiler Ingrid Rodrick
Published: July 2020

Translanguaging has gained prominence as a way to understand multilingual practices and draw on these in additional language teaching, but questions remain regarding its application in various educational contexts. This study investigates the significance of translanguaging across instructional settings by comparing discourses of markedness in accelerated, mainstream, and sheltered classes taught by the same teacher, where both linguistically majoritized and minoritized students were learning English as an additional language. Data are drawn from four months of linguistic ethnographic fieldwork at a Norwegian upper secondary school and include field notes, video and screen recordings, texts, language portraits, and teacher and student interviews. I found that translanguaging was marked in two largely separate ways: (1) bilingual English-Norwegian practices were more frequently marked in accelerated and mainstream settings, in relation to students’ perceived English proficiency level; whereas (2) translanguaging drawing on minoritized languages was more consistently marked in all three settings as a deviation from majority linguistic practices, thus distinguishingmajoritized(English-Norwegian) fromminoritizedtranslanguaging. Implications include the importance of analyzing translanguaging in relation to locally salient discourses and contextualizing pedagogical interventions in larger struggles for justice.
Analytic relations versus syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations of vocabulary depth knowledge: Their correlation and prediction to academic reading comprehension of EFL learners
Authors: Hasan Md Kamrul , Rahman Mohammad Mosiur
Published: July 2020

The aims of the study were to examine the correlation and prediction of different dimensions of vocabulary depth knowledge to academic reading comprehension. Students were instructed to take part in four English-language proficiency tests voluntarily. The research was carried out, administering four instruments, word associates test, morphological knowledge test, and analytic relations test to measure the depth of vocabulary knowledge. In addition, a reading comprehension test that consisted of three reading passages by Longman Test of English as a Foreign Language was adopted and administered for the current study. The results highlighted that the analytic (part–whole) relations, which represented the depth of vocabulary knowledge had the highest correlation with academic reading comprehension in comparison with morphological knowledge and combined syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations, which represented word associates test. Of all the three independent variables, analytical relations made the most statistically significant unique contribution to the prediction of the outcome variable compared to word associates test and morphological knowledge. The present study suggests that the depth of vocabulary knowledge would have practical use for students and English teachers at tertiary level and further implications for lexical researchers.
Evaluation of Patient Radiation Doses in Skull Radiography
Authors:   Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Kaushik Chanchal , Sandhu Inderjeet Singh ,   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Srivastava AK ,   Department of Radiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi-110095, India
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Exposures to medical ionizing radiations elevate the risk of stochastic effects such as cancer in exposed individuals. It is of utmost importance to monitor the radiation doses delivered to patients and their optimization to reduce the associated radiation risks without limiting the diagnostic information. Methods: Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) in a total of 64 adult patients in diagnostic digital X- ray examinations were calculated and effective doses were estimated as per International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Results: Median ESAK (mGy) and associated effective doses obtained were skull PA (0.45mGy, 0.005mSv) and skull Lat (0.25mGy, 0.003mSv). Results were compared with UK diagnostic reference levels and studies in India. Conclusion: The comparison revealed that the calculated ESAK and effective dose values were less than the published literature. ESAK values reported in this study could further contribute to establishing LDRLs.
Fieldwork, Serendipity, and Ethiopian Women
Authors: Molvaer Reidulf K.
Published: July 2020

Anthropologists are increasingly using sociological methods in fieldwork; but when doing research in cultures other than their own, this will often impoverish their investigation, as they do not know the most revealing questions to ask. By keeping an open mind, surprising information may unexpectedly turn up. This is, e.g., the case when investigating the situation of women, where it may be necessary to conduct studies in indirect ways, in combination with more factual statistical data collection. ATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.
Bibliographie zur äthiosemitischen und kuschitischen Sprachwissenschaft X: 2005
Authors: Voigt Rainer
Published: July 2020

Bibliography for the Study of Ethiosemitic, Cushitic and Omotic Languages.
Ein erster Beleg für den Titel “lǝʿul” unter lǝǧ Iyasu
Authors: Smidt Wolbert G.C.
Published: July 2020

Miscellaneous Article
Walter Raunig – Steffen Wenig (Hrsg.): Akten der Ersten Internationalen Littmann-Konferenz 2. bis 5. Mai 2002 in München
Authors: Bausi Alessandro
Published: July 2020

Review
Wolder-Selassie Abbute: Gumuz and Highland Resettlers. Differing Strategies of Livelihood and Ethnic Reaction in Metekel, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Bustorf Dirk
Published: July 2020

Review
Muslim Monasteries? Some Aspects of Religious Culture in Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Abbink Jon
Published: July 2020

This paper presents some preliminary observations on Sufi Muslim shrines or retreats in the Ethiopian Wällo region, places where local Muslim holy men or ‘saints’ lead the faithful and act as religious mediators and advisors. Some of these retreats of Sufi Muslims have a ‘monastic’ character, and allow males and females a life of reflection and devotion to God. An obvious parallel with Christian monasteries presents itself, referring to a partly shared religious culture. Some reflections on the extent and nature of this similarity are made, and the need for a fresh approach to the study of religion in Ethiopia/Africa, in the context of contemporary debates about religious identity and the hardening of communal boundaries, is underlined.
A Short Note about some Useful Documents for Diachronical Studies of Non-Semitic Ethiopian Languages
Authors: Rouaud Alain
Published: July 2020

The collection of manuscripts preserved in the Oriental Manuscripts Department of the French Bibliothèque nationale contains documents about some thirty non-semitic languages spoken in Ethiopia which belong mainly to the d’Abbadie collection. Their exceptional age (they date back to the mid-19th century) gives them an incomparable historical value. I try in this short note to assess the use which has already been made of these documents by éthiopisants and to draw up the list of those which have not yet been used.
In memoriam Däǧǧazmač Zewde Gebre-Sellassie (1926-2008)
Authors: Tafla Bairu
Published: July 2020

Obituary
Renate Würsch (Hrsg.): Die orientalischen Handschriften der Burgerbibliothek Bern
Authors: Bausi Alessandro
Published: July 2020

Review
Joachim Crass - Ronny Meyer (eds.): Deictics, Copula and Focus in the Ethiopian Convergence Area
Authors: Tosco Mauro
Published: July 2020

Review