bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Source Seeking Method for the Implicit Information Field Based on a Balanced Searching Strategy
Authors: Liu Kun , Bi Yang , Zhang Qi , Li JunFang
Published: June 2023

To solve the problem of low efficiency of source seeking in implicit information field, this paper presents an autonomous souring method based on balanced searching strategy is enlighten by biological homing behaviors. At the beginning of the research, the source seeking task come down to a multi-objective convergence issue. By taking the feasibility search behaviors as the individual sample of the evolutionary population drawing on the thought of evolutionary algorithms, then combine motion searching with population evolution, so the carrier can be guide to complete source seeking task by solving the multi-objective problem. Furthermore, the distribution entropy is also considerated d to measure the searching bias in the process of source seeking. Combined with the demand of the source seeking process, a new source seeking method of balanced searching strategy is designed. Ultimately, through theoretical analysis and simulation verification confirm the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method.
Molecular Taphonomy of Heme: Chemical Degradation of Hemin under Presumed Fossilization Conditions
Authors: Tahoun Mariam , Engeser Marianne , Svolacchia Luca , Sander P. Martin , Müller Christa E.
Published: June 2023

The metalloporphyrin heme acts as the oxygen-complexing prosthetic group of hemoglobin in blood. Heme has been noted to survive for many millions of years in fossils. Here we investigate its stability and degra-dation under various conditions expected to occur during fossilization. Oxidative, reductive, aerobic, and anaerobic conditions were studied at neutral and alkaline pH values. Elevated temperatures were applied to accelerate degradation. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrome-try (HPLC-MS/MS) identified four main degradation products. The vinyl residues are oxidized to formyl and further to carboxylate groups. In the presence of air or H2O2, cleavage of the tetrapyrrole ring occurs, and hematinic acid is formed. The highest stability of heme was observed under anaerobic reductive condi-tions (half-life 9.5 days), while the lowest stability was found in the presence of H2O2 (half-life 1 min). We confirmed that the iron cation plays a crucial role in degradation, since protoporphyrin IX, lacking iron, re-mained significantly more stable. Under anaerobic, reductive conditions, the above-mentioned degradation products were not observed, suggesting a different degradation pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular taphonomy study on heme, which will be useful for understanding its fate during fossiliza-tion.
Interactive Effects of Ceftriaxone and Chitosan Immobilization on the Production of Arachidonic Acid by and the Microbiome of the Chlorophyte Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047
Authors: Vasilieva Svetlana , Lukyanov Alexandr , Antipova Christina , Grigoriev Timofei , Lobakova Elena , Chivkunova Olga , Scherbakov Pavel , Zaytsev Petr , Gorelova Olga , Fedorenko Tatiana , Kochkin Dmitry , Solovchenko Alexei
Published: June 2023

Pharmaceuticals including antibiotics are among hazardous micropollutants (HMP) of the environment. Incomplete degradation of the HMP leads to their persistence in water bodies causing a plethora of deleterious effects. Conventional wastewater treatment cannot remove HMP completely, and a promising alternative is comprised by biotechnologies based on microalgae. The use of immobilized microalgae in environmental biotechnology is advantageous since immobilized cultures allow recycling of the microalgal cells, support higher cell densities, and boost tolerance of microalgae to stresses including HMP. Here we report on a comparative study of HMP (exemplified by the antibiotic ceftriaxone) removal by suspended and chitosan-immobilized cells of Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047 unialgal culture. We also monitored the dynamics of photosynthetic pigments content and the physiological condition of the cells as reflected by the activity of their photosynthetic apparatus. Special attention was paid to the changes in the accumulation of valuable arachidonic acid (C20:4). In addition to this, we followed the changes in the culture microbiome induced the antibiotic exposure. Collectively, our results showed that both suspended and immobilized cultures took up ceftriaxone from the culture medium. In the case of immobilized culture, a significant amount of the antibiotic was adsorbed on the chitosan carrier itself. The dynamics of the taxonomic composition of the microbiome of the microalgae was more shifted by the immobilization on the chitosan than by exposure to 20 mg/L of ceftriaxone. The possibility and limitations of the using of chitosan-immobilized Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047 for HMP removal coupled with the production of valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids is discussed.
Influence of Manufacturing Process Modularity on Lead Time Performances and Complexity
Authors: Modrak Vladimir , Soltysova Zuzana
Published: June 2023

In principle, modular or integral character of manufacturing lines depends on topological designs of products and determined operation tasks. On the other hand, in specific situations there is an articulated need for modular design in smart manufacturing systems, since modular layouts are a crucial step towards agile production via smart manufacturing. The aim of this paper is to explore how the modular layout relates to manufacturing lead time (MLT) and to operational complexity of smart manufacturing systems. For this purpose, topologically different models of alternative process layouts were simulated and tested, while MLT values were obtained using Tecnomatix Plant Simulation. Obtained positive findings of this research could be useful not only in selection of the most suitable process design from the alternative ones, but especially in deepening knowledge and better understanding of the concept of optimal network modularity.
Zebra Finch Females Can Assess Male Quality via Olfaction
Authors: Amo Luisa , López Rull Isabel
Published: June 2023

The role of chemical communication in social relationships of birds is receiving growing attention but our knowledge is still scarce compared to other taxa. Previous evidence suggests that chemical cues emitted by birds may carry information about their characteristics that may be useful in a sexual selection context. However, experimental studies are needed to investigate the role of bird chemical cues in signalling quality of potential partners. We performed an experimental study aimed to disentangle whether female zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata, use chemical cues to assess the body condition and body size of potential partners. We offered focal females the scent of two males differing in body condition and body size. Our results show that females can assess the body condition of potential partners using olfaction. However, contrary to expected in a mate choice context, our results show that females avoided the scent of the male with greater body condition and body size. Our results therefore suggest that, despite performing the study during breeding period, social interactions may be mediating the avoidance of the scent of the conspecific of the opposite sex with better body condition and body size in this gregarious species.
Silica Fume Enhances the Mechanical Strength of Alkali-Activated Slag/Fly Ash Pastes Subjected to Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Dai Weidong , Wang Yachao
Published: June 2023

The fireproof design of geopolymer has intriguing increasing attention by adjusting multi-component metallurgical solid wastes, due to its low-carbon emission, cost-effectiveness, and environmental conservation. Herein, the effects of silica fume (SF) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alkali-activated slag/FA (fly ash) pastes subjected to elevated temperatures (150, 500, 850, and 1200℃) are investigated, to clarify the fact that whether or not the SF generates positive roles in mechanical strength of slag/FA (slag: FA=30:70, wt.%) geopolymers during building fires. The results show that the replacement of FA with 10 wt% SF (silica fume) promotes the increasing pore volume with a diameter of 0.2~3 μm, leading to an increase in the compressive or flexural strength below 850℃, “right shifts” of the endothermic peak, appearing uniform and compact fracture surfaces. Meanwhile, the gehlenite and labradorite generate after exposure above 850℃. While the bloating effect of the SF-containing sample occurs at 1200℃, leading to a greater deformation, due to the further restructuring of the amorphous geopolymer chain N-A-S-H or N-(Ca)-A-S-H composed from the [SiO4]4− and [AlO4]5−. It explores an effective approach for improving geopolymer’s fireproof performance by adjusting the solid-waste formulation.
Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Among the Women of South Andaman Island, India
Authors: Parvez Rehnuma , Vijayachari Paluru , Saha M K , Biswas Lipika , Ramasamy Jawahar , Vins Alwin , Beniwal Nisha , Vasanthi S , Ramadoss Sasikala , Kaur Harpreet , Muruganandam Nagarajan
Published: June 2023

Background: Human Papillomavirus causes various types of cancer in both men and women. Woman with HPV infection has a risk of developing invasive cervical cancer. Globally, HPV 16 and 18 were predominant. This study aims to find the distribution of various HPV types in South Andaman. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted among woman in South Andaman where cervical scrapes were collected after the collecting the written informed consent. Detection of HPV genotypes was carried out by using PCR assay. Further, sequencing analysis was performed using MEGA11 to identify various genotypes in this territory. Result: Of these 1000 samples, 32 were positive for HR-HPV16 and 4 were positive for HR-HPV18. Fifteen HPV genotypes were detected using molecular evolutionary analysis. Six cases were identified with multiple genotypes. Most prevalent genotype is HPV16 which belonged to Lineage-A and sub-lineage A2. HPV18 identified in South Andaman belonged to the lineage A1 to A5. Discussion: Various HPV types were identified among women in South Andaman. Global burden of cervical cancer associated with various HPV sub-lineages. HPV-16 A1 sub-lineage was globally widespread whereas sub-lineages A1, A2 and D1 was prevailing in South Andaman. Conclusion: High risk HPV identified in this study enlightening the importance of HPV vaccination among the woman in remote places. These findings will help to strengthen public health awareness programs and prevention strategies for the women in remote areas.
One-Step Soft Agar Enrichment and Isolation of Human Lung Bacteria Inhibiting the Germination of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia
Authors: Palmieri Fabio , Magnin Margo , Diserens Jérémy , Gresse Manon , Bernasconi Eric , Pernot Julie , Shanmuganathan Apiha , Trompette Aurélien , Von Garnier Christophe , Junier Thomas , Neuenschwander Samuel , Bindschedler Saskia , Pagni Marco , Koutsokera Angela , Ubags Niki , Junier Pilar
Published: June 2023

Fungi of the genus Aspergillus are widespread in the environment where they produce large quantities of airborne conidia. Inhalation of Aspergillus spp. conidia in immunocompromised individuals can cause a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from hypersensitivity responses to lethal invasive infections. Upon deposition in the lung epithelial surface, conidia encounter and interact with complex microbial communities that constitute the lung microbiota. The lung microbiota has been suggested to influence the establishment and growth of Aspergillus spp. in the human airways. However, the mechanisms underlying this interaction have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of commensal bacteria antagonistic to Aspergillus in the lung. To this end, we enriched and isolated bacterial strains able to inhibit the germination of conidia from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples of lung transplant recipients. We used a novel enrichment method based on a soft agar overlay plate assay in which bacteria are directly in contact with conidia and for which inhibition can be readily observed during enrichment. We isolated a total of five bacterial strains, identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and able to inhibit the germination and growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in a soft agar confrontation assay, as well as in a high-throughput multiplate assay. Moreover, we also showed a strong inhibition of A. fumigatus growth on Calu-3 cell culture monolayers. However, the isolated P. aeruginosa strains were shown to cause significant damage to the cell monolayers. Overall, we validated this novel one-step enrichment approach for the isolation of bacterial strains antagonistic to A. fumigatus from BALF samples. This opens up a new venue for targeted enrichment of antagonistic bacterial strains against specific fungal pathogens.
Assessment and Therapeutic Modulation of Heart Rate Variability: Potential Implications in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Schnekenberg Luiz G. , Sedghi Annahita , Schöne Daniela , Pallesen Lars-Peder , Barlinn Jessica , Woitek Felix , Linke Axel , Puetz Volker , Barlinn Kristian , Mangner Norman , Siepmann Timo
Published: June 2023

Cardiac damage has been attributed to SARS-Cov-2-related pathology contributing to increased risk of vascular events. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a parameter of functional neurocardiac integrity with low HRV constituting an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Whether structural cardiac damage translates into neurocardiac dysfunction in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly understood. Hypothesized mechanisms of possible neurocardiac dysfunction in COVID-19 comprise direct systemic neuroinvasion of autonomic control centers, ascending virus propagation along cranial nerves and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. While the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and the cytokine cascade in general has been studied extensively, the interplay between the inflammatory response caused by SARS-CoV-2 and autonomic cardiovascular regulation remains largely unclear. We reviewed the current literature on the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of autonomic neurocardiac function assessment via analysis of HRV in patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss potential therapeutic targets of modulating neurocardiac function in this high-risk population.
CO2 Injection for Enhanced Gas Recovery and Geo-Storage in Complex Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Linqiang , Bai Tongzhou , Zhao Qibin , Zhang Xinghua , Cheng Hanlie , Li Zhao
Published: June 2023

With the popularization of natural gas and the requirements for environmental protection, the development and utilization of natural gas is particularly important. The status of natural gas in China's oil and gas exploration and development is constantly improving, and the country is paying more and more attention to the exploitation and utilization of natural gas. The Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone in the Ordos Basin is characterized by low porosity, low permeability and large area of concealed gas reservoirs. By injecting CO2 into the formation, the recovery of natural gas can be improved, and at the same time, the stable storage of CO2 can be achieved to achieve a win-win situation of CO2 emission reduction and utilization. Injecting greenhouse gas CO2 into gas reservoirs for storage and improving recovery has also become a hot research issue. In order to improve the recovery efficiency of tight sandstone gas reservoir, this paper takes the complex tight sandstone of Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin as the research object, through indoor physical simulation experiments, carried out the influence of displacement rate, fracture dip angle, core permeability, core dryness and wetness on CO2 gas displacement efficiency and storage efficiency, and analyzed the influence of different factors on CO2 gas displacement efficiency and storage efficiency to improve the recovery and storage efficiency. The research results show that under different conditions, when the CO2 injection pore volume is less than 1PV, the relationship between the CH4 recovery rate and the CO2 injection pore volume is linear, and the tilt angle is 45 °. When the CO2 injection pore volume exceeds 1PV, the CH4 recovery rate increases slightly with the increase of displacement speed, the recovery rate of CO2 displacement CH4 is between 87% - 97%, and the CO2 breakthrough time is 0.7PV-0.9PV. In low-permeability and low-speed displacement cores, the diffusion of CO2 molecules is more significant. The lower the displacement speed is, the earlier the breakthrough time of CO2 is, and the final recovery of CH4 slightly decreases. Gravity has a great impact on CO2 storage and enhanced recovery. The breakthrough of high injection and low recovery of CO2 is earlier, and the recovery of CH4 is about 3.3% lower than that of low injection and high recovery. The bound water makes the displacement phase CO2 partially dissolved in the formation water, and the CO2 breakthrough lags about 0.1PV. Ultimately, CH4 recovery factor and CO2 storage rate are higher than those of dry core displacement. The research results provide theoretical data support for CO2 injection to improve recovery and storage efficiency in complex tight sandstone gas reservoirs.
Carbon Supported High-Loading Sub-4 nm PtCo Alloy Electrocatalysts for Superior Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Xiang Linlin , Hu Yunqin , Zhao Yanyan , Cao Sufeng , Kuai Long
Published: June 2023

Increasing the loading density of nanoparticles on carbon support is essential for making Pt-alloy/C catalysts practical in H2-air fuel cells. The challenge lies in increasing the load-ing while suppressing the sintering of Pt-alloy nanoparticles. This work presents a 40% Pt-weighted sub-3 nm PtCo/C alloy catalysts via a simple incipient wetness impregnation method. By carefully optimizing the synthetic conditions such as Pt/Co ratios, calcination temperature and time, the size of supported PtCo alloy nanoparticles is successfully con-trolled below 3 nm, and a high electrochemical surface area achieves of 94 m2/g is achieved, which is 2.8 times of commercial PtCo/C-TKK catalysts. Demonstrated by elec-trochemical oxygen reduction reaction, PtCo/C alloy catalysts present an enhanced mass activity of 0.45 A/mg at 0.9 V vs. RHE, which is 1.7 times that of PtCo/C-TKK catalyst. Therefore, the developed PtCo/C alloy catalyst can potentially be a highly practical cata-lyst for H2-air fuel cells.
Imaging in ADPKD: Beyond Total Kidney Volume
Authors: Caroli Anna , Kline Timothy L.
Published: June 2023

In the context of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), total kidney volume (TKV) plays a key role as biomarker of disease progression and response to therapy and has been recently recognized as enrichment biomarker and possible surrogate endpoint. Several imaging modalities and methods are available to calculate TKV, and the choice depends on the purpose of use. Technological advancements have made it possible to accurately assess cyst burden, that can be crucial to assess the disease state and help identifying rapid progressors. Moreover, the development of automated algorithms has increased the efficiency of total kidney and cyst volume measurements. Beyond total kidney and cyst volume, the quantification and characterization of non-cystic kidney tissue show potential to early stratify ADPKD patients, monitor disease progression, and possibly predict renal function loss. A broad spectrum of kid-ney MRI techniques are available to characterize kidney tissue, showing promise to non-invasively pick up early signs of ADPKD progression. Radiomics has been used to extract tex-tural features from ADPKD images, providing valuable information about the heterogeneity of the cystic and non-cystic components. This review provides an overview of ADPKD imaging bi-omarkers, focusing on quantification methods, potential, and necessary steps towards successful translation to clinical practice.
Spectrophotometric Determination of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine in Pharmaceutical Formulations by Flow Injection and Sequential Injection Analysis: Comparison of the Methods
Authors: Biocic Maja , Karabatic Deni , Tomic Dea , Kukoc -Modun Lea , Modun Darko
Published: June 2023

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a sulfhydryl-containing compound, is mainly used as a mucolytic and as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose. Flow injection and sequential injection systems were designed and optimized with the aim of providing precise, accurate and reliable flow methods for NAC determination in pharmaceuticals with very low sample and reagent consumption. Proposed methods are based on a redox reaction wherein NAC reduces a complex of Cu(II) and bathocuproine disulfonate (BCS) to orange [Cu(BCS)2]3– complex, which absorption was measured at λmax = 483 nm. The optimized FIA and SIA configuration yielded a linear calibration curve with correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.9999 and R2 = 0.9996) in the concentration range of 3.0 × 10–7 – 3.0 × 10–5 mol L–1 and analytical frequency of 120 h–1 for the FIA method and 4.0 × 10–7 – 4.0 × 10–5 mol L–1, at sampling rate 60 h–1 for the SIA method. The proposed flow methods were successfully applied for the determination of NAC in pharmaceutical products, as the results showed good agreement with the standard method prescribed by Pharmacopoeia. Recoveries were in the range from 98.4% to 101.9% for the FIA method and from 97.2% to 101.8% for the SIA method.
Unleashing the Power of IoT: A Comprehensive Review of IoT Applications, Advancements, and Future Prospects in Healthcare, Agriculture, Smart Homes, Smart Cities, and Industry 4.0
Authors: Chataut Robin , Phoummalayvane Alex
Published: June 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology and devices constitute an exciting field in computer science that is rapidly emerging worldwide. IoT devices function by connecting real-world objects to the internet, resulting in a higher number of interconnected devices than ever witnessed in history. Through internet connectivity, these devices can be utilized in various ways, such as monitoring and tracking. Their prevalence is increasing exponentially, coinciding with advancements in wireless networking technologies. The internet’s enhanced connectivity has played a vital role in fostering the proliferation of IoT devices. Presently, almost any everyday object can be network-connected. The demand for automation and efficiency has also been a contributing factor to the advancements in this technology. This paper aims to review the emergence of IoT devices, analyze their common applications, and explore the future prospects in this promising field of computer science. The examined applications encompass healthcare, agriculture, and smart cities. Although IoT technology exhibits similar deployment trends, this paper will explore different fields to discern the subtle nuances that exist among them. IoT technology can be applied to nearly any domain, and each use case has unique requirements. To comprehend the future of IoT, it is essential to comprehend the driving forces behind its advancements in various industries. By gaining a better understanding of the emergence of IoT devices, readers will develop insights into the factors that have propelled their growth and the conditions that led to technological advancements. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of the prevalent methodologies will enable readers to distinguish between current practices and future methods. Given the rapid rate at which IoT technology is advancing, this paper aims to provide researchers with an understanding of the factors that have brought us to this point and the ongoing efforts to shape the future of IoT.
The Impact of Spatial Aspects on the Supply Chain and Mobility Demand of Pharmaceutical Products in E-Commerce and Brick-and-Mortar Shopping
Authors: Rühlin Viola , Del Duce Andrea , Scherrer Maike
Published: June 2023

E-commerce has gained increased popularity over the last decade. To date, there is an open debate as to whether e-commerce or brick-and-mortar shopping is environmentally less sustainable, especially due to the growing mobility resources needed for e-commerce distribution. The analysis at hand compares the CO2-equivalent emissions of e-commerce and brick-and-mortar shopping of pharmaceutical products considering spatial aspects and the typical transport modal mix of consumers when doing online and offline shopping. The object of analysis is a retailer of pharmaceutical products, more precisely medicines, which offers, both, brick-and-mortar shop and online shopping possibilities. The results show that spatial aspects concerning the residential location of consumers, the vehicles used for shopping trips, the shopping basked size, and trip-chaining effects have a crucial impact on the mobility demand and CO2-equivalent emissions of the two commerce forms. In general, for rural and sub-urban areas, e-commerce results in lower CO2-equivalent emissions, while in urban areas, brick-and-mortar shopping is the favourable solution, if the consumers walk or cycle to the next pharmacy.
Infrared Waves and Microwaves Applied to Greenhouse Agriculture
Authors: Cepolina Francesco , Silenzi Francesco , Cirillo Leonardo , Schenone Corrado , Zoppi Matteo
Published: June 2023

For the agricultural sector to develop sustainably in the future, progress toward more environmentally friendly technologies and methods is crucial. It is necessary to increase output while reducing the demand for energy, agrochemicals, and water resources. Although greenhouses can be utilized successfully for this purpose, significant technical advancements are required, especially when it comes to heating, to lower the use of fossil fuels and boost energy efficiency. Infrared waves and microwaves, for instance, can warm plants without having to heat the entire greenhouse volume, which takes a significant amount of energy to compensate for heat loss to the outdoor environment. In this paper, through a thorough examination of the state of the art, a general overview of novel greenhouse heating systems based on radiation is reported. First, infrared heating of greenhouses is analyzed, then the strengths and weaknesses of microwave and dielectric heating are discussed, and finally the use of microwaves for soil sterilization is examined. All outcomes suggest these irradiation-based technologies can contribute significantly to an agriculture that is energetically sustainable.
Barry Turner: The Under-Acknowledged Safety Pioneer
Authors: Bills Kym , Costello Leesa , Cattani Marcus
Published: June 2023

Barry Turner’s 1978 Man-made Disasters and Charles Perrow’s 1984 Normal Accidents were seminal books but a detailed comparison has yet to be undertaken. Doing so is important to establish content and priority of key ideas underpinning contemporary safety science. Turner’s research found socio-technical and systemic patterns that meant that major organisational disasters could be foreseen and were preventable. Perrow’s macro-structuralist industry focus was on technologically deterministic but unpredictable and unpreventable ‘system’ accidents, particularly rare catastrophes. Andrew Hopkins and Nick Pidgeon respectively suggested that some prominent writers who wrote after Turner may not have been aware of, or didn’t properly acknowledge, Turner’s work. Normal Accidents didn’t cite Turner in 1984 or 1999. Using a methodology involving systematic reading and historical, biographical and thematic theory analysis, a detailed review of Turner’s and Perrow’s backgrounds and publications sheds new light on Turner’s priority and accomplishment, highlighting substantial similarities as well as clear differences. In a previously unpublished letter, Perrow confirmed reading Man-made Disasters while writing Normal Accidents. Turner became better known after a 1997 second edition but under-acknowledgment issues continued. Ethical citation and potential reasons for under-acknowledgment are discussed. It is concluded that Turner’s foundational importance for safety science should be better recognised.
Computer-Aided Bleeding Detection Algorithms for Capsule Endoscopy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Musha Ahmmad , Hasnat Rehnuma , Mamun Abdullah Al , Ping Em Poh , Ghosh Tonmoy
Published: June 2023

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has been a widely used medical imaging tool for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract abnormalities like bleeding. But the CE captures a huge number of image frames that are time-consuming and tedious tasks for medical experts to diagnose manually. To address this issue, researchers focused on the computer-aided bleeding detection system to identify bleeding automatically in real-time. This paper presents a systematic review of the available state-of-the-art computer-aided bleeding detection algorithms for capsule endoscopy. The review was carried out by searching five different repositories: Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and ScienceDirect for all original publications on computer-aided bleeding detection published between 2001 and 2021. The PRISMA methodology was used to perform the review, and 112 full-texts of scientific papers were reviewed. The contributions of this paper are I) a taxonomy for computer-aided bleeding detection algorithms for capsule endoscopy is identified, II) the available state-of-the-art computer-aided bleeding detection algorithms including various color spaces (RGB, HSV, etc.), feature extraction techniques, and classifiers are discussed, and III) identify the most effective algorithm for practical use cases. Finally, the paper is concluded by providing future direction for computer-aided bleeding detection research.
Cystic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Morphological and Molecular Reappraisal
Authors: Pini Giacomo Maria , Lucianò Roberta , Colecchia Maurizio
Published: June 2023

A wide variety of renal neoplasms can have cystic areas. It happens for different reasons: some tumors have an intrinsic cystic architecture, others have a pseudocystic degeneration of necrotic foci or they have cystically dilated renal tubules constrained by stromal neoplastic cells. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), either solid or cystic, is the most frequent type of renal cancer. While pseudocysts are found in high-grade aggressive CCRCC, cystic growth is associated to low-grade indolent cases. The latter also form through a cyst-dependent molecular pathway and they are more frequent in patients suffering from VHL disease. The differential diagnosis with multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential and clear cell papillary renal cell tumor can be especially hard and it requires a focused macroscopical and microscopical pathological analysis. As every class of renal tumors include cystic forms, a knowledge of criteria for a differential diagnosis is mandatory.
Combination of Metal Nanoparticles With Hydrolytic Enzymes To Obtain Improved Antifungals
Authors: Lyagin Ilya , Aslanli Aysel , Domnin Maxim , Stepanov Nikolay , Senko Olga , Maslova Olga , Efremenko Elena
Published: June 2023

Active research of metal-containing compounds and enzymes as effective antifungal agents is currently noted. The interest in metals is due to the wide variety of ligands that can be used for metals, including chemically synthesized and naturally obtained variants as a result of the so-called "green synthesis". The main mechanism of antifungal action of metals is the triggering of generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further action of ROS on various biomolecules is nonspecific. This review highlights various hydrolytic enzymes (glucanases and proteases) that affect the structural elements of fungal cells (cell walls, membranes), fungal quorum sensing molecules, fungal own protective agents (mycotoxins and antibiotics), proteins responsible for the adhesion and formation of stable highly concentrated populations in the form of biofilms. A wide range of the substrates for enzymes allows the use of various mechanisms of their antifungal actions. The prospects of combining two different types of antifungal agents (metals and enzymes) for mycelial fungi and yeast cells are discussed in this review. Special attention is paid to the possible influence of metals on activity of the enzymes and the possible effects of proteins on antifungal activity of metal-containing compounds.
Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Soccer Injury Types
Authors: Malikov Davronbek , Kim Jaeho
Published: June 2023

Soccer is type of sport that carries a high risk of injury. Injury is not only cause in the unlucky soccer carrier and also team performance as well as financial effects can be worse since soccer is a team-based game. The duration of recovery from a soccer injury typically relies on its type and severity. Therefore, we conduct this research in order to predict the probability of players injury type using machine learning technologies in this paper. Furthermore, we compare different machine learning models to find the best fit model. Supervised classification machine learning models are applied in this paper. We gathered information about 54 professional soccer players who are playing in the top five European leagues based on their career history.
BullVal$: An Integrated Decision-Support Tool for Predicting the Net Present Value of a Dairy Bull Based on Genetic Merit, Semen Production Potential, and Demographic Factors
Authors: Gorr Allison Q , Cabrera Victor E , Meronek James , Weigel Kent A
Published: June 2023

Deciding when to replace dairy bulls presents a complex challenge for artificial insemination (AI) companies. These decisions encompass multiple factors, including a bull's age, predicted semen production, and estimated genetic merit. This study's purpose was to provide a practical, objective tool to assist in these decisions. We utilized a Markov Chain model to calculate the economic valuation of dairy bulls, incorporating key factors such as housing costs, collection and marketing expenses, and the bull's probable tenure in the herd. Data from a leading AI company were used to establish baseline values. The model further compared a bull's net present value to that of a potential young replacement, establishing a relative valuation (BullVal$). The range of BullVal$ observed spanned from -$316,748 to $497,710. Interestingly, the model recommended culling for 49% of the bulls based on negative BullVal$. It was found that a bull's net present value was primarily influenced by market allocation and pricing, coupled with the interaction of semen production and genetic merit. This study offers a robust, data-driven model to guide bull replacement decisions in AI companies. Key determinants of a bull's valuation included market dynamics, semen production rates, and genetic merit.
Exploring the Interplay Between Polyphenols and Lysyl Oxidase Enzymes for Maintaining Extracellular Matrix Homeostasis
Authors: Añazco Carolina , Riedelsberger Janin , Vega-Montoto Lorenzo , Rojas Armando
Published: June 2023

Collagen, the most abundant structural protein found in mammals, plays a vital role as a constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds cells. Collagen fibrils are strengthened through the formation of covalent cross-links, which involve complex enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is responsible for catalyzing the oxidative deamination of lysine and hydroxylysine residues, resulting in the production of aldehydes, allysine, and hydroxyallysine. These intermediates undergo spontaneous condensation reactions, leading to the formation of immature cross-links, which are the initial step in the development of mature covalent cross-links. Additionally, non-enzymatic glycation contributes to the formation of abnormal cross-linking in collagen fibrils. During glycation, specific lysine and arginine residues in collagen are modified by reducing sugars, leading to the creation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs). These AGEs have been associated with changes in the mechanical properties of collagen fibers. Interestingly, various studies have reported that plant polyphenols possess amine oxidase-like activity and can act as potent inhibitors of protein glycation. This review article focuses on compiling literature describing polyphenols with amine oxidase-like activity and antiglycation properties. Specifically, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which specific flavonoids impact or protect the normal collagen cross-linking process. Furthermore, we discuss how these dual activities can be harnessed to generate properly cross-linked collagen molecules, thereby promoting the stabilization of highly organized collagen fibrils.
Numerical atom-to atom simulation of magnets, Bloch's 3/2 law and the third law of thermodynamics
Authors: Lukyanov Andrey Vladimirovich , Ivanov Anton Valerievich
Published: June 2023

The traditional model of a magnet <> considers the magnetic moments of individual atoms connected by an exchange interaction. The evolution of magnetic moments is described on the basis of the Landau-Lifshitz equation, in which a random Langevin source is introduced, determined by the final temperature of the system. In this case, one of the main problems is the violation of the Bloch 3/2 law and the third law of thermodynamics. The recalculation of the intensity of a random source, carried out by Wuu et al., taking into account magnons provides the correct 5/2 asymptotics for the energy, but does not give the correct asymptotics for the magnetization. To solve this problem, we add a random delta-correlated in time but correlated in space source to the Langevin source. This approach, in conjunction with the Wuu approach, ensures the fulfillment of the third law of thermodynamics and Bloch's 3/2 law.
Student-on-teacher violence in South Africa’s Tshwane South District of Gauteng Province: Voices of the victims
Authors: Venketsamy Roy , Baxen Elaine , Hu Zijing
Published: June 2023

School violence is a growing concern globally and schools in South Africa find it difficult to manage the problem of learner behaviour. Despite various educational policies and frameworks developed to prevent school violence, the system continues to fail teachers. Due to violence,  schools are no longer safe places for teachers and learners. In South Africa, teachers are regularly exposed to physical violence and verbal attacks by learners. Recent media reports about teachers being attacked by learners clearly show an intent to inflict severe physical harm on the teacher. This qualitative study was conducted in one province in South Africa underpinned by the National School Safety Framework. This qualitative study aimed to understand the lived experience of teachers who had experienced violence against them by learners. The findings revealed that teachers are experiencing social, emotional and psychological trauma. Many teachers cannot perform their duties fruitfully and are constantly anxious to go to school. Emanating from this study, the following recommendations have been proposed: the Department of Education in South Africa should enforce its numerous policies and guidelines to protect teachers against violence. Social and psychological support services should be made available to teachers who have experienced violence. A stricter disciplinary code of conduct should be implemented in all schools for learners.
Tratamiento de un efluente textil sintético bajo el sistema foto-fenton
Authors:   , Barrenechea Fernandez Ana Paula , Vela Brandon Paola
Published: June 2023

El proceso Foto Fenton es una alternativa para el tratamiento de efluentes de la industria textil, siendo un reactivo a base de Fe2+ y H2O2 + luz UV, cuyo mecanismo consiste en oxidar los contaminantes hasta ser aptos para su descarga en cuerpos de agua. Esta investigación buscó determinar la concentración óptima de FeSO4 - H2O2 en el tratamiento de un efluente textil sintético y posterior a ello, evaluar la eficiencia del sistema. Se replicó el efluente textil en condiciones de laboratorio, se añadió el FeSO4 y H2O2 a diferentes concentraciones, con exposición a luz UV-A durante todo el proceso y se determinó que la concentración óptima del reactivo Foto Fenton fue de 400mg/l de FeSO4 y 12 ml/l de H2O2, dosificación que logró reducir la turbidez, color y Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO) inicial en un 100%, 99% y 83% respectivamente, y logró aumentar el Oxígeno Disuelto (OD) en un 11%. La remoción de la turbidez se obtuvo llevando a cabo el tratamiento en un medio ácido (pH 3), la presencia del Fe+2 favoreció la remoción significativa de la DQO, el aumento de OD se obtuvo con la presencia de H2O2 y de luz UV-A, y ésta a su vez, influyó considerablemente en la remoción del color del efluente. En cuanto a la eficiencia del sistema, se determinó que el reactivo Foto Fenton es una excelente alternativa para el tratamiento de efluentes textiles con alta y baja carga orgánica; de100% a 20% (%v/v) de concentración física, logrando reducir los contaminantes derivados de los procesos de la industria.
Asociación entre comorbilidad e ingreso a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados con diagnóstico de Covid-19 en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja. Lima-Perú
Authors:   , Cueva Trelles Isabella , Grande Bernuy Mauricio Enrique
Published: June 2023

Introducción: La enfermedad por COVID-19 afecta con menor frecuencia y gravedad a los niños; no obstante, aquellos que presentan comorbilidades pueden presentar cuadros severos e ingresar a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre la presencia de comorbilidades y el ingreso a UCI en pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en un instituto peruano especializado. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico observacional de casos y controles de niños con diagnóstico de COVID-19, durante abril de 2020 a abril de 2021. Se consignaron variables epidemiológicas, clínicas, de seguimiento y de exámenes auxiliares descritas en la historia clínica. En el análisis estadístico se utilizó medidas descriptivas, posteriormente pruebas de asociación entre variables categóricas y numéricas, y una regresión logística con nivel de significancia de 0.05. Resultados: Se incluyó a 190 niños con una mediana de edad de 4 años (RIC 1-9); 110 (58%) eran varones. Tuvieron contacto con una persona con síntomas respiratorios compatibles con COVID-19 66 (35%) pacientes. 113 (59%) presentaron comorbilidad, siendo cardiológicas y hematológicas las más comunes. De todos los pacientes, 58 (31%) fueron ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y 23 (11%) fallecieron. Los síntomas más comunes fueron malestar general, dificultad respiratoria y tos. Las variables asociadas al ingreso a UCI fueron: rinorrea y disnea; valor de linfocitos, proteína C reactiva y procalcitonina. La comorbilidad cardiológica (OR 3.18; IC 95%: 1.36-7.40) y endocrinológica (OR 6.88; IC 95%: 1.75 - 26.98) mostraron una tendencia de asociación para el ingreso a UCI, aunque no se mantuvo después del ajuste por las co-variables.
Corredor verde multifuncional: análisis de los componentes de la infraestructura verde en la Av. Pastor Sevilla del distrito de Villa El Salvador
Authors:   , Moncca Santos Hans Daril
Published: June 2023

Las áreas verdes urbanas son espacios donde los procesos ecológicos tienen lugar y son vitales para la conservación de procesos territoriales y ecológicos. El conjunto de áreas verdes son componentes fundamentales de la infraestructura verde y una red interrelacionada de estos espacios, sean urbanos, silvestres y productivos, contribuyen en la resiliencia de la biodiversidad y en el confort de las personas y comunidades...
Chimeric provirus of bovine leukemia virus/ SMAD family member 3 in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis
Authors: Nao Naganori , Okagawa Tomohiro , Nojiri Naomi , Konnai Satoru , Shimakura Honami , Tominaga Misono , Furihata Hazuka Yoshida , Nishiyama Eri , Matsudaira Takahiro , Maekawa Naoya , Murata Shiro , Muramatsu Masamichi , Ohashi Kazuhiko , Saito Masumichi
Published: June 2023

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a member of the family Retroviridae and causes enzootic bovine leukemia (EBL). However, the association between BLV infection and EBL development remains unclear. In this study, we identified a BLV/SMAD3chimeric provirus within CC2D2A intron 30 in monoclonal expanded malignant cells from an EBL cow. The chimeric provirus harbored a SMAD3spliced sequence composed of exons 3–9 encoding the short isoform protein, and the BLV-SMAD3chimeric transcript was detectable in EBL cattle. This is the first report of a BLV chimeric provirus that might be involved in EBL tumorigenesis.
The rise of income inequality in OECD countries: is globalization one of the causes?
Authors: Cívico Juan Carlos Palacios , Kern Andreas , Gorjón Lucía
Published: June 2023

The current work aims to contrast the impact of globalization on income inequality in OECD countries through the estimation of a Panel Vector Autoregression Model (PVAR). This methodology allows to explain both the direct and indirect mechanisms whereby globalization could increase income inequality, as well as their duration. The results point out that besides the direct and positive impact of globalization on income inequality, there is an indirect or second-round impact coming from the effect of globalization on the compensatory institutions which traditionally contributed to build more egalitarian societies. As suggested by Rodrik (1998), however, the analysis does not appear to confirm the race to the bottom hypothesis by identifying a positive correlation between globalization and the redistributive capacity of states.
Development and application of parametric design system for solid end mills based on Open CASCADE
Authors: Lin Zhi , Yue Caixu , Liu Xiaodong , Liu Xianli , Yu Zhongguang , Hu Desheng , Zhang Qianyi
Published: June 2023

The traditional commercial CAD software is well developed and powerful, and has been widely used in the design of integral end mills. With the development of tool design towards system integration, designers put forward the requirements of specialization and lightweight for CAD software. The secondary development of CAD software has become the main development direction, which can realize the integration of CAD, CAM and CAE software. However, due to factors such as kernel and interface, the effect of this integration is limited and the secondary development can no longer meet the current needs of rapid and accurate tool design. Therefore, the development of an independent CAD software is more conducive to the integration of tool design systems. In order to build a lightweight and easy integrated cutting tool CAD software, this paper implements the parametric design of solid end mill based on Open CASCADE. Using Python as the underlying language and Python OCC modeling interface and model visualization function, the parametric design system of solid end mill is established. The system can quickly and accurately generate data files, 2D graphics and 3D models conforming to ISO13399 standard, and realize the cloud storage function of model data. The generated tool model data can be used for finite element simulation of cutting process, NC programming and connection with tool manufacturing module. Based on the established system, the centroid optimization of the imbalance characteristics of the variable pitch and helix solid end mill was carried out, and the dynamic balance of this type of cutter was improved. The establishment of the system provides a reference value for the development of other types of cutting tool parametric design systems.