bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comportamiento organizacional positivo: Implicaciones para la organización actual
Authors: Fierro Ulloa Isidro José
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe the concept of Positive Organizational Behavior (POB) and to analyze its possibilities of application in the development of organizations in unstable settings. The above assumes different ways of direction; the POB can contribute to this development, becoming an essential aspect of organizations. At the same time several aspects of POB were addressed such as engagement, welfare, flow, empowerment, and motivation. The opportunity that POB offers to organizations was discussed emphasizing the importance to continue research in this field of studies.
Conflictos centrales y marginales en las fronteras y los no lugares urbanos y rurales del estado colombiano
Authors: Castillo Rene Julio
Published: September 2018

This reflective and critical discourse focuses on the characterization of border - state non - places that were home to political, economic, social and cultural exceptions in the management of government in global and local territories of nations in the era of globalization. These exceptionalities are increased in geographic, ethnic and linguistic borders and grow uncontrollably in policies, economies and socio-cultural structures and hybridized descendants of peoples of dominant cultures. The exceptionalities in Latin America were born in the colonial era, where the Indian laws legitimized the dream of an order - in the center - and the neighborhoods outside the walls - boundaries, as first peripheries and marginal areas represented Nightmare disorder itself, filled with all forms of exclusion and cultural conflicts between the inhabitants of the city, its residents and unconverted souls. At this historical moment the spark conflict between dominant and dominated ones sparks the exclusion, which is the putative mother of all policies that aims to visualize the problems of sovereignty and governance of villagers. It is about proposing ways to search for proposals and hypothesis that enable current and future research in urban operations to adapt to these complex urban realities border - places - not states of emergency in Colombia where we have to look for, as says Dr. OrlandoFals Borda in on some of the socio-political studies in 1994: “The progress of marginalized peoples andperipherals is and will be the best proof of the success in our governments.”
El meridiano 82: Factor de crisis para la seguridad nacional
Authors: Ramírez Cabrales Fabián
Published: September 2018

The work focuses on the historical review of the 82nd meridian of Greenwich conceived as maritime boundary by Colombia and stated in the Act of Exchange Treaty between Colombia and Territorial Issues Nicaragua 1928 the theoretical contributions of the maritime geopolitics applied to the case is reviewed of the Wider Caribbean and particularly against Nicaragua and Colombia to explain the facts and trends that shaped the decisions of the Colombian state during the period 1900 to 2012, special emphasis is placed on the contributions of American geopolitical strategist and naval explain the interest and motivation to expand their influence, control and hold on one of the most strategic regions of the American continent with consequent impacts to national security that resulted in this geopolitical influence decision makers during the proposed study.
Ni al tigre ni al cuero
Authors: Medina Monterrosa Prudencia , Carvajalino  Slaghekke Alberto
Published: September 2018

The goal of the present paper is to assess the usage of the support systems when decisions are made in the Operational, Administrative and Financial area at Makro and Tenaris Tubo Caribe enterprises in Cartagena, Colombia, and how these systems contribute with the improvement of different processes during the making of decisions in certainty, uncertainty and risk environments.The implemented methodology is the descriptive analysis during the observations and documentation of the results in the functioning of the support system when decisions are made in each one of the areas of the company. Assessing at the same time, if the applications of the different Softwares that are used respondto an unstructured, semi-structured and structured decision according to the hierarchical level where they belong plus the type of decision that they solve, showing the advances that the use of the TICS has allowed We concluded that the use of the support tools when decisions are made, SSD and SAD in the operative, administrative and financial area at Makro and Tenaris Tubo Caribe, are mainly used in the management areas; most of the situations that are solved with the support that they offer, are for structured and semistructured decisions, that is, the required system is for support of decisions, not for help; there are very fewcases where they appear in an unstructured strategic level.
Políticas públicas para la seguridad-región
Authors: Barrera Sánchez Carlos
Published: September 2018

Insecurity has become one of the main concerns of the population, and therefore, it is a priority for the authorities, not only for the police and militaries but also for the administrative authorities, which are making important efforts in the pursuit of tranquility for the citizens. But crime and violence seem to have evolved and grown showing great capacity to erase frontiers inside the country and outside. In this sense, this article looks tries to understand the regional dynamic of crime inside Colombia, emphasizing that the victims, the impact, the perpetrators, the support networks and the places where these events take place are no longer limited to only one territorial entity. For this reason, insecurity requires the intervention of the State with a rationale that can overcome the jurisdictional and territorial limitations that pertain the national political system, in order to face regional crime on equal basis. This article proposes the design, execution,and evaluation of a public policy called REGION-SECURITY, capable of identifying common problems in different departments, and from there implement joined, intersectoral, articulated and coordinated actions that can provide an effective and lasting answer to the problem of crime (and its causes) present in the national territory.
¿Del estado de derecho al estado de los jueces?
Authors: García Lozano Luisa Fernanda
Published: September 2018

The transformations of States that have recognized legal pluralism since their actions have brought with them various changes in the paradigms of law, it is for this reason that the present text seeks to answer the following question: Was it changed from a State of Right to State of The Judges in the plural states, to solve this was mainly to analyze documents from a deductive analytical form, the creation of analytical frameworks, and a case study was conducted on the jurisprudence of indigenous peoples. The results obtained reflect how, although the state paradigm has not changed, judges became strategic actors to materialize these new rights, which directly impacts the law and its actors producing a need to understand, apply and teach, Different from traditional elements.
Lo territorial entre las migraciones y la nueva ruralidad
Authors: Cuesta Beleño Andres
Published: September 2018

The present article tries to answer the following question: Why the migratory processes in the municipality of Yopal and its borders generate territorial disarticulation to the detriment of the quality of life of its members? In order to answer this question, it is based on a conceptual theoretical aspects related to the new rurality and territory as spatiality and complex unity, which brings together the spatial and multidimensional aspects of the human being. Methodological meta-processes are used, structured observation, stories and re-signification of the experiences in the informal neighborhoods and in the Populated Centers. Then, a characterization of the migratory processes is presented in the municipality of Yopal, whose consequences are reflected in the disarticulation of both urban and rural territory. It is possible to find a typification of migratory processes, which mark a characterization of territorial disarticulation, such as: migration towards the urban center, direct migration towards the populated centers, stepped migration and rotating migration, in which an alternative production potential is identified on the exploitation of oil, socio-cultural hybridization and the diversity of the potential of natural resources.
Enfoque basado en procesos como estrategia de dirección para las empresas de transformación
Authors: Hernández Palma Hugo , Martínez Sierra David , Cardona Arbeláez Diego
Published: September 2018

A competitive organization that is able to generate value to their internal and external customers, while improving productivity, optimize their operational and management costs and increase its profitability. This is now possible, through the management system based on processes, which allows companies to have a results-oriented management, based on systemic processes that directly from the planning and integration of resources depends, including, the most important human. This research is directed to manufacturing plastics companies located in the Colombian Caribbean region; It is structured under a quantitative approach and developed through a closed survey using Likert Scale. Among the most significant findings it is that some of the companies under study have not incorporated or at least not in the proper way the process approach within its management system.
Integración pedagógica de la tecnología informática en instituciones educativas oficiales de Cartagena de indias (Colombia)
Authors: Garcés Prettel Miguel , Ruiz Cantillo Rosmayra
Published: September 2018

The dynamics of integration and use of information technology were identified in the teaching work of official educational institutions in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), which have been beneficiaries of the presidential program “Computadores para Educar.” The research was descriptive, with a sample of 350 teachers from 27 schools in the district. The instrument used is an adaptation of the questionnaire of Jaramillo, Castañeda and Pimienta (2009), complemented with categories on achievements and difficulties in the insertion of these technologies within the academic processes. The findings reveal multiple types of teaching (personal, systematizing, documentary, exhibitor, participatory and pragmatist) from the ways of integrating these resources in the classroom, as well as the various strategies of use, some of which were perceived as generators of pedagogical changes, while others were considered old methodologies with new technologies in the service of traditional education
Responsabilidad social universitaria
Authors: Navas Rios Maria Eugenia , Romero-González Zilath
Published: September 2018

The research analyzes the impacts that have social responsibility policies of the Libre University located in Cartagena, in the environment in which it functions. The results are contrasted with the institutional mission regarding the education of their students, in order to establish the areas over which they can align their good governance. Therefore, reference herein to both kinds of professionals, citizens and people who shaped the university, and the organization of teaching with that from Cartagena Headquarters, it is to be socially committed people is done.
Deficiencias estructurales de los procesos sociales de participación para la incidencia en política pública
Authors: Torres Parada Jose Fabio
Published: September 2018

The social processes of participation have and should have as purpose in their relationship with the State influence the governmental political agenda. This relationship questions the form and impact reached by the participation initiatives regarding the influence in public policy. The attainment of such influence (effect) is the result of social mobilization and expresses in such a way an adequate exercise of citizenship (exercise of rights) or active citizenship. Given the limited organizational capacity of the social processes of participation and the inexistent institutional articulation and attitudinal problems of the management of the public (which is not necessarily oriented towards the management of the public problem from the postulates of public policies), a series of structural difficulties that promote this phenomenon and affect the capacity of social mobilization are generated. In the case of the municipal context of Cucuta following the perceptions
Análisis de modelos matemáticos de predicción del comportamiento de epidemias en grupos sociales mediante de simulación basada en agentes
Authors: De la Hoz Granadillo Efrain , López Polo Ludys
Published: September 2018

In the present investigation, an analysis of mathematical models of prediction of the behavior of epidemics in social groups is carried out through an experimental modeling for the propagation of an outbreak of epidemics. For the above, different mathematical and simulation models were reviewed, which developed scenarios that included the analysis of preventive measures, through an agent-based simulation that allowed the projection of the experimental scenarios in the management of epidemics and their impact on the social context. The results show the positive impact of the use of agent-based simulation in the design and evaluation of strategies to control the behavior of contagious diseases in social groups and the orientation for decision-making in the implementation of measures of government agencies.
Memoria de trabajo y aprendizaje
Authors: González Nieves Silvia , Morales Nieves Flavio Humberto , Duarte Julio Enrique
Published: September 2018

Due to its short-term storage and manipulation of information functions, working memory is one of the most cognitive components related to learning. The objective of this literature review is to present the most recent evidence of this relationship and its possible implications for education. In order to understand this association in depth, the various findings on the connection between the working memory and the academic performance are explained in detail. In addition, evidence of the increase in the capacity of the working memory of different studies through different training methodologies is shown. Finally, the possible practical implications in education are discussed.
Minería y derechos humanos (DDHH) frente a las comunidades indígenas, minera de los fondos marinos oceánicos, frente a la comunidad internacional
Authors: Naranjo Colorado Luz Dary , Cely S Roxana
Published: September 2018

The activity of discovering and valuing minerals and rocks, carrying out specific mining operations and carrying out the corresponding processes, in order to obtain the mineral or metal in suitable conditions for the use of the industries, has been, is and will continue to be the concern of men.
Mining activity has the characteristic of being extractive and destructive; Is carried out in areas other than the different activities carried out by other sectors of industry; For its realization, the use of methods of exploration and exploitation of the natural resources is required.
Therefore, the concern of the international community, especially the Inter-American Human Rights System, for regulating this activity, which causes significant damage to the territories and identity of indigenous and ethnic peoples, arises because their territories represent a process of Life and for life, guided by the law of origin, these territories guarantee their existence as peoples and their preservation must be adopted by governments, transnational corporations and individuals, as a maxim, respecting their cultural values and their own identity, Strengthening its autonomy, its territories, authorities and culture.
On the other hand, the development of mining activity and the shortage of minerals in the world has led to new exploitation practices, now developed in the oceanic seabed, a mining activity aimed at the search for so-called “Polimetallic Nodules”. This practice can generate the destruction of the ecosystems and species that inhabit there, considered as patrimony of the whole humanity.
That is why the second part of this article, is aimed at achieving the reader’s apprehension of this novel subject, showing a view from the Public International Law, about the duty of States to protect the seabed and ocean, with respect to development of activities in “THE AREA” from the perspective of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea - CONVEMAR.
Protección penal de los trabajadores en Colombia
Authors: Castillo Pantoja Jorge Eduardo
Published: September 2018

In Colombia, criminal labor law is provided for in Chapter VIII, Title III of Book Two of the Criminal Code, relating to crimes against violation of freedom of work and association. The incriminations that concern him are, in a preponderant way, dealing with conduct that violates the collective right of association and assembly, the company and the means of work, rather than the individual worker. In this sense, all damages or possible risks that arise in the body and the health of workers on account of the submission to conditions of insecurity or unhealthy at work do not have unrestricted criminal law to deal with their protection . For this reason, this study seeks to identify a normative frame of reference to obtain access to justice for those workers who, based on these assumptions of risk or harm, can obtain from the State a guarantee of their human rights
Creación de empresa como pilar para el desarrollo social e integral de la región caribe en Colombia
Authors: Cardona Diego , Montenegro Rada Arnulfo , Hernández Palma Hugo Gaspar
Published: September 2018

The creation of companies is an engine of growth and development that allows the transformation ofunstable economic scenarios into competitive ones; However, not all business plans become successfuland position themselves in a sustained manner in the market, a situation that implies that the entrepreneurintroduces innovative strategies supported by ICTs and aimed at generating a source of employment, butalso to offer a Value added to its stakeholders. This article is made with the purpose of providing a reflexiveposition around the importance of the creation of a company in the Caribbean region of Colombia, a sectorin which, although in the last years it has undergone considerable development, A privileged location forthe development of new companies, many of them fail to consolidate, which is reflected in the high ratesof poverty and unemployment that coexist in the region. One of the conclusions of the study focuses onthe creation of companies is constituted as a pillar to revitalize the emerging economic, in addition, is animpeller of social development, to the extent that contributes to the welfare of the population.
Redes colaborativas en la competitividad empresarial un análisis del factor confianza en su conformación
Authors: Granadillo Efraín De La Hoz , Fontalvo Herrera Tomás , López Polo Ludys
Published: September 2018

This research analyzes the behavior on the creation and formation of collaborative business networks, for its competitive performance. For the prior it was implemented collaborative network analysis and simulation based on agents that examined two scenarios with different probabilities to choose members of the network and the relationship of the levels of trust in the establishment of collaborative business networks. The paper was developed under an experimental approach that includes the simulation of the problem and a rational approach, from a process of analysis and construction of knowledge by researchers. The results showed that when there are higher levels of trust to choose entrepreneurs with collaborative experience, the level of status and cohesion of the members of the network increases, which contributes in the business competitive performance. Finally, it was demonstrated that in 75,27% of the formed groups prevailed criteria of trust for its structuring.
Competitividad empresarial de los pequeños y medianos hoteles ubicados en la ciudad de Barranquilla
Authors: Villanueva Imitola Andrés
Published: September 2018

This article analyzes the business competitiveness of small and medium hotels located in the city of Barranquilla, based on the analysis of the strategic direction and business management, developed by the Hotel administrators. It took into account the theories that support the competitiveness of companies, in the context of small and medium hotels. Surveys were applied where qualitative information was collected related to the operation of the hotels, as result of the study were determined the factors that affect the competitiveness of these businesses.
Enseñar, el arte de transformar y crecer
Authors: Fernández Guerrero Marta Mercedes , Gonzalez Ferro Vilma
Published: September 2018

The article, built as an essay, is based on research related to “The Pedagogical Knowledge of Teachers of Technological Education: Comfenalco University Technology Foundation so that their teaching promotes the integral formation of the student. It begins by referencing the singularities of a changing context by the dynamics that characterize science and technology as well as the conceptual ones of higher education, allowing reflection on the traits that the teacher must possess so that his teaching is appreciated as a profession that contributes to increase the dignity of people through the development of skills from a universal perspective of knowledge, based on ethical principles and values and taking into account the different levels of higher education in Colombia, in such a way that the competences developed in the students correspond thereto. Teaching that must also meet the demands of a sequential education that promotes the gradual growth of people according to their personal, family, social and economic interests and the needs of the social environment and the productive sector. It is then proposed to evaluate the performance in the classroom as an indicator to define a teacher training plan that contributes to improving the pedagogical exercise, from the disciplinary and didactic, and to achieve better results in the academic, work and social performance of the students.
TÜRKİYE’DE DIŞ TİCARET VE MİLLİ GELİR İLİŞKİSİNİN AMPİRİK ANALİZİ (1970-2016)
Authors: KARABULUT Şahin
Published: September 2018

Ekonomik
büyümenin sağlıklı ve hızlı bir biçimde sağlanması ülke refahının
artırılabilmesi için en önemli kriterlerden birisidir. Bu nedenle ülke
refahının artırılabilmesi için ekonomik büyümenin sağlanmasında birçok ekonomik,
sosyal, siyasal birçok etken mevcut olmakla birlikte uluslararası ticaretin
ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi sürekli olarak tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada
1970-2016 yıllık verileri kullanılarak Türkiye ekonomisi için milli gelir ile
dış ticareti oluşturan ihracat ve ithalat arasındaki ilişki VAR yöntemi ile
analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan nedensellik testi sonucunda, milli gelirden ihracata
doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanmış ve ihracat ve ithalattan
milli gelire doğru bir nedenselliğin varlığı tespit edilememiştir. VAR analizi
sonuçlarına göre de, dış ticareti oluşturan ihracat ve ithalatın milli gelir
üzerinde herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı ve milli gelirde ortaya çıkan
gelişmelerin kısa vadede ihracat ve ithalat üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu
sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu da dış ticaretin milli gelir üzerinde değil, milli
gelirin dış ticaret üzerinde belirleyici rolü olduğunu göstermektedir.
O Estatuto da Cidadania do Mercosul: é possível uma cidadania regional?
Authors: Beltrame de Moura Aline
Published: September 2018

O processo de integração do Mercosul tem incorporado e hierarquizado novos temas na sua agenda de ação, tal qual o Plano de Ação do Estatuto da Cidadania do Mercosul para a construção progressiva desta cidadania regional até o ano de 2021, ano em que a organização comemora seu aniversário de 30 anos. Trata-se de um projeto profundo e complexo que se insere no contexto de valorização da dimensão social deste processo integral regional. A Cartilha da Cidadania do Mercosul valoriza a ideia de que o cidadão emerge como o destinatário final de diversas medidas adotadas com o escopo de tutelar seus interesses e direitos individuais e coletivos, tal qual o direito de residência em outro Estado Parte do Mercosul. Todavia, para a sua plena consecução, mostra-se necessária um efetivo envolvimento político por parte dos governos nacionais no sentido de atuar as medidas adotadas no foro intergovernamental a fim de possibilitar a introdução do conceito de Cidadão do Mercosul na região.
Daño ambiental y encrucijadas de la teoría del derecho de daños
Authors: Garcia Amado Juan Antonio , De Carvalho Leal Virginia
Published: September 2018

O tema da responsabilidade extracontratual apresenta muitas dificuldades em seu tratamento. Especialmente quando abordada a responsabilidade civil e o Direito Ambiental, percebemos que são enfraquecidas suas próprias estruturas, suscitando muitas incertezas quanto aos fundamentos filosóficos da responsabilidade extracontratual e teorias clássicas de responsabilidade. O artigo aborda o dano ambiental e suas limitações e dilemas ante a teoria geral e os fundamentos filosóficos da responsabilidade extracontratual. Dedica-se aos problemas apresentados pela responsabilidade objetiva e à imputação nos casos de danos ambientais.
A (re)construção da boa-fé e cooperação processuais no CPC/2015: intersecções sobre alteridade em Emmanuel Lévinas
Authors: Alves Fernando De Brito , Camargo Daniel Marques
Published: September 2018

A partir em Emmanuel Lévinas, o artigo aborda a alteridade a partir do respeito e responsabilidade com o Outro, vez que muito da desumanização do ser humano finca raiz no fato de as pessoas manterem foco exclusivo em si (Eu), ensimesmadas, a encorpar uma práxis social (jurídica e processual) individualista e egoística, com descarte do Outro como necessário protagonista para um mundo mais fraterno, justo e solidário. Referida crise afeta o fenômeno jurídico como um todo, especialmente o processo como meio de pacificação e solução de conflitos, pelo que tem relevância a conformação que o CPC/2015 empresta à lealdade ou probidade processual, assim também à cooperação ou colaboração, imprescindíveis a um processo comparticipativo, multiportas e policêntrico. O método de abordagem deste artigo é o analítico-sintético, tendo concluído que o CPC/2015 pode contribuir efetivamente para a construção de um processo judiciário menos autocentrado no indivíduo e mais aberto à cooperação e a alteridade.
Estimating the abundance and composition of soil seed bank at Bekol Savanna in Baluran National Park, West Java
Authors: Muis Nurmuliayanti , Setyawati Titiek , Tjitrosoedirjo Soekisman , Ratnadewi Yuliana Diah
Published: September 2018

The composition of soil-seed bank reflects the condition of vegetation in the past and could be used for predicting the composition of plants that will grow in the future. This study aims to determine the amount and composition of soil-seed bank in Bekol savanna, Baluran National Park. Soil samples were taken using a combination method of quadrat-transect on the invaded and not invaded areas by Acacia nilotica. Soil samples were extracted using wet-sieving method. After the extraction process, the seeds were identified and calculated using a stereo microscope. The result showed that soil-seed bank density was lower at the invaded location (7,566.88 seeds/m3) as compared to the uninvaded location (16,798.3 seeds/m3). The soil-seed bank was found in the invaded site comprising 12 species of broadleaved weeds and 5 species of grasses from 7 families, whereas those in the uninvaded area consisted of 10 species of broadleaved weeds and 7 species of grass from 8 families. This study showed that the invasion of A. nilotica significantly affected the amount and composition of soil-seed bank in various soil depths of Bekol savanna.
Growth of red sengon (Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.) seedlings on the molded seedling media and its comparison with polybag seedling
Authors: Suita Eliya - , Sudrajat Dede Jajat , Nurhasybi Nurhasybi -
Published: September 2018

The development of alternative methods for land and forest rehabilitation is necessary for producing good quality seedlings. This study aims to examine and compare the effect of addition of mycorrhiza and rhizobium on the growth of red sengon (Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.) seedlings in molded seedling media (BMSM) and the addition of various dosages of basic fertilizers to the seedlings on polybags. Seedlings in MSM were tested in the nursery until the age of 3 months. The field test was conducted by comparing the growth of red sengon (6 months after planting) seedlings from the BMSM and seedlings on polybags. The design used was a randomzed block design. BMSM that has been added with 3 g of rhizobium per seedling gave the best growth seedling and plant growth in the field. The growth of the seedling on polybags was increased by giving basic fertilizer of 5 kg per planting hole. Red sengon seedlings originated from seedling in BMSM with the addition of 3 g of rhizobium and seedlings on polybag with a dosage of 5 kg basic fertilizer had the highest growth. BMSM as an alternative technology for tree seedling production can be used for planting, and land or forest rehabilitation.
Molasses injection to improve growth and vitality of kesambi (Schleicera oleosa Merr) as lac insect host plant
Authors: Suryanto Heri , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Haneda Noor Farikhah
Published: September 2018

Lac is a non-timber forest product derived from the secretion of Laccifer lacca insects that are cultivated in kesambi tree (Schleicera oleosa Merr). Low lac production in Indonesia due to poor conditions of host plant indicated by poor growth symptoms, yellowing, and falling leaves. The aim of this research was to study the effect of molasses injection on the growth and vitality of kesambi tree. Molasses were injected into the plant using passive liquid injection methods. Pre-research activities were carried out by the tree trunk injection in 0.5, 1.5, and 2 meters above the ground using gentian violet to determine the best stem injection position, while the main research activity was performed by injection of the kesambi tree trunk using molasses in concentrations of 5, 10, 15% and water as control. The parameters measured at the pre-study was translocation length of gentian violet whereas at the main research were the volume uptake, the increase of branch diameter growth, total sugar content and chlorophyll content. Pre-research results showed that 1.5 meters above the ground is the best injection position. The main research results indicated that the highest volume uptake was water followed by others treatments. Molasses injection at concentration of 10% gives better effect on the increase of branch diameter growth (4.3 mm), obtained sugar content in 18.46%. The vitality of kesambi tree also increased by the molasses injection at concentration of 10%. It was shown by thein creased of chlorophyll a (1.117 mg/g), b (0.416), carotene (0.365), and Anthocyanin (0.094 mg/100g).
Characterization of an acidic α-galactosidase from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds and its application in removal of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs)
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Du Fang , Tian Guoting , Zhao Yongchang , Wang Hexiang , Ng Tzibun
Published: September 2018

By means of chromatographic procedures which involved chromatography on the cation-exchangers CM-cellulose and SP-Sepharose, chromatography on the anion-exchangers DEAE-cellulose and Q-Sepharose, and gel filtration on Superdex 75 by fast protein liquid chromatography, an acidic α-galactosidase designated as hemp seed α-galactosidase (HSG) was purified from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds. Results of SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on FPLC Superdex 75 disclosed that the enzyme was a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of 38 kDa. Sequences of the inner peptides of the α-galactosidase obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS showed that HSG was a novel α-galactosidase since there was little similarity to the majority of α-galactosidases recorded in the literature. A pH of 3.0 and a temperature of 50 ℃ were optimal for the activity of  the enzyme. The activity of HSG was inhibited by the chemical modification reagent N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). HSG contained 16 tryptophan residues and two tryptophan residues on the surface, which are crucial to the α-galactosidase activity. The heavy metal ions Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Zn2+ ions inhibited its activity. The Km and Vmax for hydrolysis of pNPGal (4-nitrophenyl α-D-galactopyranoside) were respectively 0.008 mM and 68 μM min-1 mg-1. HSG also catalyzed hydrolysis of raffinose and other natural substrates. Hence the α-galactosidase possesses tremendous potential in food and feed industries for elimination of indigestible oligosaccharides from leguminous products.
A Cross-Site Partnership to Examine Implementation and Sustainability of a School-Based Trauma Program
Authors: Vona Pamela , Baweja Shilpa , Santiago Catherine DeCarlo , Pears Gillian , Langley Audra , Kataoka Sheryl
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Schools have been identified as an ideal setting for increasing access to mental health services particularly for underserved minority youth. The emerging field of implementation science has begun to systematically investigate strategies for more efficiently integrating evidence-based practices into community settings. Signifi­cantly less translational research has focused specifically on the school setting. To address this need, we examined the implementa­tion of a school-based trauma intervention across three distinct regions.Design: We conducted key informant interviews guided by Mendel’s Frame­work of Dissemination in Health Services Intervention Research with multiple school stakeholders to examine what school organizational characteristics influence the adoption and implementation process and sustainability of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools (CBITS). Participants were selected from schools in three geographic regions in the United States: Western, Midwestern, and Southern.Results: Our findings reveal that while sites had some common organizational factors that appeared to facilitate implementation, regions differed in how they compensated for less robust implementation domains. Across all regions, school stakeholders recognized the need for services to sup­port students impacted by trauma. In the Western region, there was no centralized district policy for implementation; therefore, implementation was facilitated by school-level change agents and supervision support from the district mental health unit. In the Midwestern region, centralized district policies drove implementation. In both the Midwestern and Southern regions, imple­mentation was facilitated by collaboration with a local mental health agency.Conclusions: This study contributes to the paucity of empirical information on the organizational factors that influence the implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions in schools. Our find­ings reveal that different implementation strategies across policies, structures, and resources can result in implementation of a school-based intervention. Frameworks such as Mendel’s can be helpful in identify­ing areas of strength and improvement of implementation within a school organiza­tion.Ethn Dis. 2018; 28(Suppl 2): 427-436; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.427
Community Partnership in Precision Medicine: Themes from a Community Engagement Conference
Authors: Jones Loretta , Wells Kenneth B. , Lin Henry J. , Wang Christina , Kawaiopua Alo Audrey , Williams Pluscedia , Jones Felica , Dixon Patricia , Han Sophia , Pardo Domingo , Norris Keith C. , Jones Andrea , Wright Aziza , Young Kawen , Rotter Jerome L.
Published: September 2018

Background: Patient and community engagement in under-resourced communi­ties is a key issue for precision medicine research. We report proceedings from a community-academic partnered confer­ence in Los Angeles to promote community understanding of precision medicine and generate engagement recommendations.Methods: Planning group review of plan­ning, presentations, and audience discus­sions from facilitator notes and participant survey data from a one-day conference.Findings: Community-academic planning broadened community participation and presentations. More than 80% of survey par­ticipants indicated they would participate in the national precision medicine initia­tive, and most were willing to share diverse sources of data. Discussions identified trust concerns related to historical research abus­es, data privacy, potential effects of findings on health care, personal safety, research procedures, the time-frame for benefit, and confusion about different initiatives. Con­cerns were balanced by belief in science to improve health. Recommendations in­cluded a community partnered participatory approach with support for local community and academic teams to engage stakeholders with written/online resources and partnered workgroups addressing key concerns.Conclusion: Conference participants expressed high willingness to participate in precision medicine studies, but discus­sions highlighted trust and transparency issues and suggested community partnered research with local capacity building.Ethn Dis. 2018:28(Suppl 2):503-510; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.503.
Influencia Del Hábito De La Lectura En La Enseñanza Aprendizaje Del Vocabulario En Estudiantes De Octavo Año De Educación Básica
Authors: Liliana Cando Carrillo María , Alexandra Chuquimarca Once Doris , Luis Even Pazmiño Pavón
Published: September 2018

The objective of the research was to determine the reasons why eighth year parallel "A" students of Primary Education at the "Maldonado High School” do not improve their vocabulary during the learning process through reading. To do so, the types of reading that the teacher uses in classes were diagnosed; we identified the techniques used to teach vocabulary and finally proceeded with the inference of reasons because students lack vocabulary when they read. The research was diagnostic and the ethnographic method was used to describe and analyze the sociocultural environment of the research context. The sample was intentional and represent twenty-eight students and one teacher. The data were obtained by means of participatory observation with an observation list, applied in May and June of 2016. The research was inductive and field, as general conclusions were obtained from observation, classification and study of facts, based on the direct collection of information from the reality in which it was investigated. The results obtained were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted and determined that students have a bad habit and do not follow a technical reading process.
Violences À Abobo (Côte d’Ivoire) Sous L’angle Du Contexte Communautaire
Authors: Gérard Nanan Doh N’guessan
Published: September 2018

This study focuses on analyzing inter-community violence that occurred in the urban district of Abobo (Ivory Coast) in connection with social cohesion factors. On the basis of the actionist theory, the working hypothesis states that the inter-community violence in the urban district of Abobo, is the consequence of a negative ethnocentric identity developed by some citizens against other groups of people. This behavior has been stimulated by the context of the crisis the country has gone through and by a set of sociocultural factors. One hundred and fifty (150) persons were sampled to participate in this study. The tools used for the investigation consists of documentary research, questionnaire, and observation. The qualitative and quantitative methods were used for the data processing. The results of the study show that the appearance of inter-community violence, in the urban district of Abobo, arose out of the social, political and military crisis, as well as from an atmosphere of discrimination, stigmatization, and impunity. Actually, good relations were maintained among the different communities of the district of Abobo. This relation was formerly based on mutual tolerance, forgiveness, acceptance of mutual differences and, most especially, respect for human dignity. But these relations have totally worsened and have unfortunately led to inter-community violence. Also, this violence has negatively impacted the social values that united them. This situation has broken the existing social cohesion between the people living in that urban district.
Analyse De Quelques Parametres De Consommation De Wavé-Fortex, Un Complement Alimentaire Naturel Du Gabon
Authors: Lepengue Alexis Nicaise , Yala Jean Fabrice , Souza Alain , Mbatchi Bertrand
Published: September 2018

Wavé-fortex is a food supplement developed by Masuku University of Science and Technology (USTM) in Gabon. It aims at fighting against metabolic diseases, especially impotence, fatigue and sexual weakness, hypertension, overweight and cardiac arrhythmias. This study was conducted in order to analyze the distribution of consumption by type of diseases. The results revealed that Wavé-fortex is mainly consumed for problems of sexual dysfunction (41%), general fatigue (20%) and hypertension (15%). In terms of gender, men are the main consumers at 73%. Their consumption is mainly due to sexual stability concerns (51%), general fatigue (24%) and hypertension (23%). Among women, the concerns are rather overweight (32%) and hypertension (29%), before sexual disorders (21%). Wavé-fortex is a product mainly consumed in Gabon (70%), Congo (14%), Cameroon (6%) and France (2.5%), by patients aged between 30 and 70 years.
Propiedades Físicas Y Mecánicas De Tres Especies Forestales: Piptocoma Discolor (Kunth.) Pruski (Pigüe), Iriartea Deltoidea Ruiz & Pav. (Chonta) Y Pouteria Glomerata (Intachi)
Authors: Morejón Elizabeth , Lara Ximena , Cabezas Erika , Román Danilo , Salazar Eduardo
Published: September 2018

This research was developed to determine the physical and mechanical properties of three forestry species such as: Piptocoma discolor (Kunth) Prusky (Pigüe), Iriartea deltoidea Ruiz & Pav. (Chonta) and Pouteria glomerata (Intachi); thus giving the suitable use to each specie according to their response to the tests. The tests were done at ESPOCH laboratories, using the lab from the irrigation experimental center of the Natural resources faculty for checking the physical properties of humidity and density. The lab from Material resistance of the mechanical Faculty was used to check the mechanical properties. This study is quite important due to the lack of information researched on all the specie properties. One example would be the Pigüe case, which has been used for fruit boxing, the same that presents better qualities than Intachi and it can be perfectly used in building poles and pillars even at decks because of its light, soft and easy-to-cut wood. The Intachi is an excellent kind of Wood used for floors and the Chonta used for bridges and outsides because of its hard and strong wood.
Panorama Des Maladies Rhumatismales A Conakry
Authors: Badra Kamissoko Aly , Lamine Diallo Mamadou , Marie Traoré , Alhassane Diallo , Emmanuel Yombouno , Abdoulaye Barry , Moriba Touré , Mohamed Awada , Owonayo Oniankitan
Published: September 2018

Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of rheumatic diseases in hospital consultation at the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry (Guinea). Patients and methods: We used a cross-sectional study of participant seen in rheumatologic consultation between November 1, 2016 and November 30, 2017 at the Rheumatology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry (Guinea). Rheumatic diseases were diagnosed according to the rigorous criteria. Results: We collected 1038 patients including 679 women (65.41%). The mean age of the patients was 49.88 ± 17.47 years with range of 5 and 93 years. Degenerative pathology (644 cases, 62.04%), chronic inflammatory rheumatism and connective tissue diseases (252 cases, 24.27%), periarticular pathology and canal syndromes (91 cases, 8.76%), microcrystalline arthropathies (49 cases, 4.72%), osteopathies (45 cases, 4.33%), and infectious diseases (16 cases, 1.54%) were the main disorders observed during study period. Conclusion: Most of the rheumatic diseases described in the literature have been found. The particuliarity was the relative frequency of inflammatory rheumatism and fracture osteoporosis. However, the further epidemiological studies would be needed to confirm these data.
Socioeconomic and Ethnobotanical Importance of the Breadfruit Tree (Artocarpus Communis J. G & G. Forster) in Benin
Authors: Dossa Asaël J. , Amanoudo Juste M. , Houetchegnon Towanou , Ouinsavi Christine
Published: September 2018

This study aims to evaluate ethnobotanical knowledge that populations hold and income from the exploitation of the breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) in southern Benin. The data collected by interview and focus group are related to the uses of Artocarpus communis, harvest methods and the habitat of specie. The results show that A. communis is used for: food, trade, artisanal, energetic, cultural and medicinal. Local populations know the species with unequal distribution among gender (Men ID = 0.75 and IE = 0.08) and Women (ID = 0.48 and IE = 0.06); and when it comes to age (Young ID = 0.56 and IE = 0.07; Adult ID = 0.606 and IE = 0.08; Old ID = 0.75 and IE = 0.1) suggesting that people make various uses of the species. The most used plant part was the fruit (VUT=11, 87). These organs (Fruits, Flowers, Leaf), are collected either by picking or collecting, (bark) by debarking and (root) by digging. 50.51% of people surveyed collected those organs on breadfruit trees present at homes, 14.65% on those present in fields, 11.62% in the dregs and 23.23% in fallow lands. The average fruit yield of an orchard is estimated at 17 tonnes/ha, which represents an average income of about 2817 USD/individual/year.
Análisis Estadístico De Los Residuos Sólidos Domésticos De La Parroquia San Sebastian Del Coca Del Cantón Joya De Los Sachas
Authors: Pazmiño Juan Pablo Wayllas , Arévalo Luis Fabián Cabezas
Published: September 2018

A statistical analysis was carried out on the characterization of domestic solid waste that was generated in the San Sebastian del Coca parish which belongs to the Canton Joya de los Sachas. This paper focuses on quantifying the generation of solid waste, calculating the per capita production, determining the composition and density of solid waste, and characterizing the amount and composition of the DSW generated by the samples taken from the San Sebastián del Coca parish. 48 families were chosen to carry out the research with an average of 4 inhabitants per family for a total of 192 people. As for the methodology, the simple random sampling method was used. A total of 96 dwellings samples that were obtained directly from the dwellings was chosen to be part of the study sample. The results showed that the generation of solid waste, in other words the PPC of domestic solid waste, was 0.87 kg/inhab/day. This is with a total of 167.04 kg/day, which were collected by collector trucks and disposed according to the ordinance of the canton. The characterization of domestic solid waste in the parish has organic waste located in the first place with 78.2%. Next was the generation of plastic bags with 6.19%. This, therefore, was followed by cardboard with 5%, plastic 7.7%, and paper with 2.99%.