bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining Qualitative Research Perspectives and Methods for Critical Social Purposes
Authors: Pérez Michelle Salazar , Cannella Gaile S. , Saavedra Cinthya M.
Published: April 2014

This article discusses the broad-based use of bricolage to examine the neoliberal childhood policy discourses and forms of implementation that are currently practiced in the United States. Diverse, traditionally marginalized understandings such as Black feminist thought, Chicana feminism, and feminist analysis of capitalist patriarchy are combined with a Deleuze/Guattarian critique of capitalism and qualitative methods of situational analyses. We do this to identify childhood assemblages within the childhood public policy behemoth in the United States and compare these assemblages to capitalism more broadly, including how neoliberal practices are facilitated.
Giant Arachnoid Granulations Mimicking Pathology
Authors: De Keyzer Bart , Bamps Sven , Van Calenbergh Frank , Demaerel Philippe , Wilms Guido
Published: April 2014

We describe three cases of incidentally found lesions in the dural venous sinuses on magnetic resonance imaging, that other had erroneously considered pathological entities. We made the diagnosis of giant arachnoid granulations. The differential diagnosis with thrombosis or intrasinusal tumoral lesions was easily made on the basis of three typical radiological features of the granulations: the hyperintensity of the lesions on FLAIR, a blood vessel within the lesion and bone erosion.
Downregulation of the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis in transgenic mice overexpressing GH
Authors: Muñoz Marina C , Burghi Valeria , Miquet Johanna G , Giani Jorge F , Banegas Ricardo D , Toblli Jorge E , Fang Yimin , Wang Feiya , Bartke Andrzej , Dominici Fernando P
Published: April 2014

The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in the regulation of physiological homeostasis and diseases such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and chronic renal failure. In this cascade, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II (Ang II)/AT1 receptor axis induces pathological effects, such as vasoconstriction, cell proliferation, and fibrosis, while the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas receptor axis is protective for end-organ damage. The altered function of the RAS could be a contributing factor to the cardiac and renal alterations induced by GH excess. To further explore this issue, we evaluated the consequences of chronic GH exposure on thein vivolevels of Ang II, Ang-(1–7), ACE, ACE2, and Mas receptor in the heart and the kidney of GH-transgenic mice (bovine GH (bGH) mice). At the age of 7–8 months, female bGH mice displayed increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), a high degree of both cardiac and renal fibrosis, as well as increased levels of markers of tubular and glomerular damage. Angiotensinogen abundance was increased in the liver and the heart of bGH mice, along with a concomitant increase in cardiac Ang II levels. Importantly, the levels of ACE2, Ang-(1–7), and Mas receptor were markedly decreased in both tissues. In addition, Ang-(1–7) administration reduced SBP to control values in GH-transgenic mice, indicating that the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis is involved in GH-mediated hypertension. The data indicate that the altered expression profile of the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis in the heart and the kidney of bGH mice could contribute to the increased incidence of hypertension, cardiovascular, and renal alterations observed in these animals.
De Quervain thyroiditis. Corner points of the diagnosis
Authors: Oláh Roland , Hajós Péter , Soós Zsuzsanna , Winkler Gábor
Published: April 2014

Inflammatory disorders of the thyroid gland are divided into three groups according to their duration (acute, subacute and chronic). De Quervain’s thyroiditis (also termed giant cell or granulomatous thyroiditis) is a subacute inflammation of the thyroid, which accounts for 5% of thyroid disorders. The etiology is unknown, it usually appears two weeks after an upper viral respiratory infection. The clinical feature includes neck pain, which is aggraviated during swallowing, and radiates to the ear. On palpation, the thyroid is exquisitely tender. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is markedly elevated, the leukocyte count, C-reactive protein are normal or slightly elevated. The natural history of granulomatous thyroiditis involves four phases: the destructive inflammation results temporarily in hyperthyroidism followed by euthyroidism. After a transient hypothyroidism the disease becomes inactive and the thyroid function is normalised. Ultrasonographic findings are diffuse hypoechogenic structures, but nodules may also occur. The disease often remains unrecognised, or the first phase of the disease is diagnosed and treated as hyperthyroidism. The diagnosis can be confirmed by the presence of the thyroid autoantibodies, radioiodine uptake and fine needle aspiration cytology. There is no special treatment, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or steroid should be given to relieve the pain. The aim of the authors is to shed light the key points of diagnosis and differential diagnosis by the presentation of four slightly different cases. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(17), 676–680.
Decision making for termination of pregnancies and the pre-abortion period in the context of women’s mental health
Authors: Sz. Makó Hajnalka , Péley Bernadette
Published: April 2014

Based on statistical figures of the past 30 years, the number of induced abortions in Hungary is constantly decreasing. However, compared to the number of live births, even today approximately one third of pregnancies conceived eventuate in termination. Various international studies confirm the negative consequences of the intervention exerting influence on women’s mental health. The aim of this publication is to give a summary on the psychological aspects of the decision making process in the pre-abortion period, from the diagnosis of pregnancy to the surgical intervention. The authors present a detailed overview on the background for the reasons of the decision, the stages of the period from conception until termination, as well as factors related to difficulties in decision making, and possible psychological consequences. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(17), 647–652.
Purification and identification of metabolites produced by Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis active against Meloidogyne exigua, and their in silico interaction with a putative phosphoribosyltransferase fromM. incognita
Authors: OLIVEIRA DENILSON F. , SANTOS JÚNIOR HELVÉCIO M. DOS , NUNES ALEXANDRO S. , CAMPOS VICENTE P. , PINHO RENATA S.C. DE , GAJO GIOVANNA C.
Published: April 2014

To contribute to the development of products to controlMeloidogyne exigua, the bacteria Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis were cultivated in liquid medium to produce metabolites active against this plant-parasitic nematode. Fractionation of the crude dichloromethane extracts obtained from the cultures afforded uracil, 9H-purine and dihydrouracil. All compounds were active against M. exigua, the latter being the most efficient. This substance presented a LC50 of 204 µg/mL against the nematode, while a LC50 of 260 µg/mL was observed for the commercial nematicide carbofuran. A search for protein-ligand complexes in which the ligands were structurally similar to dihydrouracil resulted in the selection of phosphoribosyltransferases, the sequences of which were used in an in silico search in the genome of M. incognita for a similar sequence of amino acids. The resulting sequence was modelled and dihydrouracil and 9H-purine were inserted in the active site of this putative phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in protein-ligand complexes that underwent molecular dynamics simulations. Calculation of the binding free-energies of these complexes revealed that the dissociation constant of dihydrouracil and 9H-purine to this protein is around 8.3 x 10-7 and 1.6 x 10-6 M, respectively. Consequently, these substances and the putative phosphoribosyltransferase are promising for the development of new products to control M. exigua.
Common Deletion (CD) in mitochondrial DNA of irradiated rat heart
Authors: SIQUEIRA RAQUEL G. , SILVA DAYSE A. DA , MELO LUIZ D.B. DE , CARVALHO ELIZEU F. DE , FERREIRA-MACHADO SAMARA C. , ALMEIDA CARLOS E.V. DE
Published: April 2014

The purpose of this study was to map the common deletion (CD) area in mtDNA and investigate the levels of this deletion in irradiated heart. The assays were developed in male Wistar rats that were irradiated with three different single doses (5, 10 or 15 Gy) delivered directly to the heart and the analyses were performed at various times post-irradiation (3, 15 or 120 days). The CDs area were sequenced and the CD quantified by real-time PCR. Our study demonstrated that the CD levels progressively decreased from the 3rduntil the 15th day after irradiation, and then increased thereafter. Additionally, it was observed that the levels of CD are modulated differently according to the different categories of doses (moderate and high). This study demonstrated an immediate response to ionizing radiation, measured by the presence of mutations in the CD area and a decrease in the CD levels.
Shrimps from the Santana Group (Cretaceous: Albian): new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata) and new record (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)
Authors: PINHEIRO ALLYSSON P. , SARAIVA ANTÔNIO ÁF. , SANTANA WILLIAM
Published: April 2014

The fossil shrimp Araripenaeus timidus n. gen. n. sp. is the first fossil Penaeoidea from Brazil. Here, we describe, illustrate and compare it with Paleomattea deliciosa, a fossil Sergestoidea (Dendrobranchiata) previously described from the same region. The material of the early Cretaceous (Albian) was collected in the town of Jardim, south of the state of Ceará, in the superior septarian concretion level of the Romualdo Formation. Additionally, a second specimen of Kellnerius jamacaruensis was found in the same site of the Araripe Basin.
Protecting the skin during thyroidectomy
Authors: Lira Renan Bezerra , Carvalho Genival Barbosa de , Vartanian José Guilherme , Kowalski Luiz Paulo
Published: April 2014

In this note we describe the standard technical maneuver used in our department to protect the skin during thyroidectomy in order to get the best aesthetic result. We use surgical gloves to protect the skin during these operations to reduce the negative impact of thermal trauma and mechanical retractors and energy delivery devices at the edges of the skin incised. This practice is effective, inexpensive, rapid, reproducible and showed no complication in our experience of over 2,500 thyroidectomies.
Grass straw mulching to suppress emergence and early growth of weeds
Authors: Oliveira Jr R.S. , Rios F.A. , Constantin J. , Ishii-Iwamoto E.L. , Gemelli A. , Martini P.E.
Published: April 2014

Sorghum, pearl millet, and Brachiaria ruziziensis have similar characteristics which have led to their use for mulch formation in no-till systems. This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of these three species as straw suppliers to suppress weed emergence. Initial findings led to the conclusion that both pearl millet and Brachiaria ruziziensis have similar or superior potential as weed suppressors, compared to sorghum straw, a species with recognized allelopathic potential. Subsequently, new trials were conducted under greenhouse conditions by sowing weed species in pots, followed by covering of the soil with the straw under evaluation. Independent experiments were conducted for Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa. In each experiment, the factors analyzed were type of straw (pearl millet and B. ruziziensis), amount of straw (equivalent to 4 and 8 t ha-1 dry mass) and irrigation method (surface and subsurface). Both pearl millet and B. ruziziensis have shown to be species that can be cultivated to produce straw with allelopathic potential. These effects were effective in suppressing the emergence or early growth of E. heterophylla and B. pilosa. There was no difference in the suppression of emergence of these species when the soil cover level was alternated between 4 and 8 t ha-1 dry mass.
Interference of Sorghum sudanense and Eleucine indica in the soybean and corn cultivation
Authors: Rizzardi M.A. , Wandscheer A.C.D.
Published: April 2014

The natural infestations are composed of numerous species that compete for environmental resources such as water, light, nutrients and space. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interference of mixed infestations Sorghum sudanense (sudangrass) and Eleusine indica (goosegrass) in the presence of soybean and corn. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications and the experimental units consisted of plastic pots with a volume capacity of 8 L. The treatments were associations of plants S. sudanense and E. indica in the proportions 8:0, 6:2, 4:4,2:6 and 0:8, respectively, corresponding to 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% S. sudanense and the reverse for E. indica. In all treatments remained constant four soybean or corn plants per experimental unit. The variables analyzed in the weeds were shoot dry weight, root, total and height of plants. The competitive analysis was accomplished through diagrams applied to replacement series experiment and indexes of competiveness. The results indicated that E. indica was more competitive than S. sudanense in mixed infestations with corn. Rather, S. sudanense was more competitive than E. indica, in mixed infestations with soybean, demonstrating differences in competitiveness among the weeds.
Occurrence of weeds in Cassava savanna plantations in Roraima
Authors: Albuquerque J.A.A. , Evangelista M.O. , Mates A.P.K. , Alves J.M.A. , Oliveira N.T. , Sediyama T. , Silva A.A.
Published: April 2014

A phyto-sociological survey is the first step to implement integrated weed management in crops. In this study, weed occurrence was evaluated in cassava plantations in the savannah of Roraima in northern Brazil. Harvest was performed randomly 80 times in 10 crops over four seasons (January, February, March, and April 2012). The harvested plants were cut at ground level, sorted out per species, identified, quantified, and weighed on a 0.01 g precision scale. A descriptive analysis was conducted of the phyto-sociological parameters (frequency, density, abundance, total number of individuals per species, relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance and importance value index) for the collected species. A description was also made of the botanical classes, families, species, type of propagation, life cycle, growth habit, total number of species and dry weight ha-1. The community in the surveyed area was considered to have a heterogeneous composition, comprising 27 species. The species presenting the highest density per hectare were Digitaria sanguinalis (210,500), Brachiaria brizantha (111,000), Brachiaria decumbens (86,500) and Brachiaria humidicola (69,000). Digitaria sanguinalis had the highest relative density (28.08), relative abundance (26.16) and importance value index (65,34). Most weeds had herbaceous growth habit.
Screening of resistance to egyptian broomrape infection in tomato varieties
Authors: Tokasi S. , Bannayan Aval M. , Mashhadi H.R. , Ghanbari Ali.
Published: April 2014

Parasitic weed species of the genus Orobanche are serious threat for the production of several crops in Europe, Africa and Asia. Research on resistant host plant varieties is one of the most effective management strategies for this parasitic weed. In this study, the susceptibility of twenty-nine tomato varieties to broomrape infection (Orobanche aegyptiaca) under greenhouse conditions was investigated. The employed experimental design was completely randomized with three replications. Differences in susceptibility to infection were monitored among tomato varieties based on their difference in the number of emerged shoots of broomrape and broomrape dry weight (shoots and tubercles). Date of Orobanche emergence varied over a period of 3 to 30 days between varieties. Very late infection was monitored for varieties of Cal-jN3, Viva, Caligen 86, Packmor, CSX 5013, Hyb. PS 6515 and Hyb Petopride5. Differences in the growth and fruit yield among tomato varieties were also found in response to broomrape infestation. Moderate levels of resistance were obtained in Viva, Caligen 86, Hyb. PS 6515, Hyb.Firenze (PS 8094) and Cal-jN3 among other tomato varieties. In contrast, varieties of Kimia-Falat, Hyb. Petopride II and Hyb.AP865 were the most susceptible hosts to Orobanche aegyptiaca.
Glyphosate influence on the physiological parameters of Conyza bonariensis biotypes
Authors: Vargas L. , Silva D.R.O. , Agostinetto D. , Matallo M.B. , Santos F.M. , Almeida S.D.B. , Chavarria G. , Silva D.F.P.
Published: April 2014

The objective of this study was to determine changes in gas exchange and inhibition of EPSPs, based on the accumulation of shikimic acid in horseweed biotypes resistant and sensitive to glyphosate. Two experiments were conducted in a factorial model. The first one evaluated horseweed biotypes (one resistant and one susceptible to glyphosate), and herbicide rates (0 and 1,080 g a.e. ha ¹) applied on the weed. In the second experiment, the horseweed biotypes (susceptible and resistant to glyphosate) were evaluated in five periods as following: 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after herbicide application (DAH). The photosynthetic rate, transpiration, carboxylation efficiency, and water efficiency were determined using an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA), and shikimic acid concentration by HPLC. The application of glyphosate damaged the photosynthetic parameters of the susceptible biotype, causing complete inhibition of the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, carboxylation efficiency and water use efficiency, starting from the 7 DAH. On the other hand, total inhibition of the photosynthetic parameters was not observed for the resistant biotype. Shikimic acid accumulation occurred in both biotypes after glyphosate application but the susceptible biotype had the highest concentrations, indicating greater sensitivity of the enzyme EPSPs. The accumulation of shikimic acid in the resistant biotype indicates that the mechanism of resistance is not related to the total insensitivity of the enzyme EPSPs to glyphosate and/or that other resistance mechanisms may be involved.
Does the resistance to glyphosate herbicide affect the competitive ability of ryegrass with soybean?
Authors: Oliveira C. , Agostinetto D. , Vargas L. , Ávila L.A. , Tarouco C.P.
Published: April 2014

The objective this work was to investigate the competitive ability between resistant and susceptible ryegrass biotypes and of these with soybean crop. Four experiments were carried under greenhouse, in a completely randomized design with four replications, in 2011 and 2012. Treatments were arranged in additive series and replacement series assay. In each series, the proportions among ryegrass resistant and susceptible plants related to soybean were: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 e 0:100. Leaf area and shoot dry mass were evaluated. Competitiveness statistical analysis consisted in applying diagrams to the replacement series and alternative interpretations of the competitiveness indexes. The soybean crop had equivalent competitiveness to the susceptible ryegrass biotype and inferior to the resistant biotype, while the biotypes, both susceptible and resistant to glyphosate, present equivalent competitive ability. In general, the intraspecific competition is more harmful to ryegrass when in competition with soybean, while interspecific competition is predominant for culture.
Tamanho de amostra para a estimação da média de caracteres de maçã
Authors: Toebe Marcos , Both Vanderlei , Thewes Fabio Rodrigo , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Brackmann Auri
Published: April 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o tamanho de amostra (número de frutos) necessário para a estimação da média de caracteres de maçãs Royal Gala e Fuji, avaliados na colheita e pós-colheita, após período sob armazenamento refrigerado. Em frutos de macieira Royal Gala e Fuji, foram mensurados oito caracteres na colheita e 11 caracteres após armazenamento refrigerado. Para cada caractere mensurado em cada cultivar, na colheita e após o armazenamento refrigerado, foram calculados a média, a variância, o coeficiente de variação, a assimetria, a curtose e verificada a normalidade e, em seguida, calculado o tamanho de amostra. Maior tamanho de amostra é necessário para a estimação da média de: produção de etileno, ratio, respiração, massa e acidez titulável. Menor tamanho de amostra é necessário para a mensuração de: diâmetro longitudinal, firmeza de polpa, sólidos solúveis totais, diâmetros transversais (maior e menor) e teor de suco. O tamanho de amostra necessário para a mensuração de caracteres de maçãs Royal Gala é menor em relação ao necessário para maçãs Fuji. Em maçãs Royal Gala e Fuji, 88 e 190 frutos, respectivamente, são suficientes para a mensuração de caracteres na colheita e após o armazenamento refrigerado, com erro de estimação de 5% da média.
Agronomic traits of coffee tree progenies from Timor Hybrid x Catuaí crossing
Authors: Rezende Ramiro Machado , Carvalho Gladyston Rodrigues , Rezende Juliana Costa de , Botelho Cesar Elias , Pasqualloto Allan Teixeira , Velloso Jeanny Alice , Carvalho Alex Mendonça de
Published: April 2014

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic traits of coffee tree progenies. The experiment was set in Ouro Verde Farm, located at Campos Altos County, MG. Twenty three coffee progenies and seven control cultivars were used. These progenies are from the fourth generation of crossing between Timor Hybrid and Catuaí. The experiment was set in a randomized block design with four replicates, a total of 120 plots with 8 plants per plot. The yield of processed coffee sacks ha-1 was evaluated in eight crop years from the 2003 to the 2011 harvests. The percentage of fruits at the cherry stage, floating fruits, coffee classification (sieve above 17), income and plant vigor were evaluated in the 2010 and in the 2011 harvests. It was concluded that the progenies showed a great variability for the agronomic traits. Progenies 514-7-4-C130, 493-1-2-C134 and 518-2-10-C408 had the highest yield in the four two-year periods. The progenies 436-1-4-C26, 516-8-2-C109, 493-1-2-C134, 518-2-10-C408, 514-7-16-C211 and 514-7-16-C208 presented the highest values for plant vigor. Progeny 493-1-2-C134 stood out in all analyzed traits, showing to be promising for the advance of the generations.
Mineralogy, zinc kinetic adsorption and sequential extraction of contaminated soil in Manaus, Amazon
Authors: Souza Wamber Broni de , Santana Genilson Pereira
Published: April 2014

Zinc is a heavy metal that enters the environment as consequence of both natural and anthropogenic activities. The association of the soil geochemical fractions and adsorption kinetics were studied to evaluate the behavior of the Zn in a contaminated Utisol soil. The contaminated soil samples were collected at depth 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, and 60-80cm into the Manaus Industrial District (MID) region. The study was performed in soil fractions at 50µm being the samples submitted to sequential extraction, batch experiments, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The adsorption kinetics was fitted according to Lagergren equation. The physical and chemical proprieties of soil showed that organic matter has low cation adsorption capacity and the existence of kaolinite poorly ordered, monoclinic and mixed with others mineral. The kinetics experiments performed indicated that the Zn is adsorbed by sorption process most probably with the formation of two bidentate surfaces. The Zn contents are above established by CETESB (reference value 60mg kg-1) being observed remarkable differences between exchangeable and residual fraction.
A Catuama e o bilobalide na regeneração nervosa periférica de ratos submetidos à secção do nervo isquiático
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Norberto , Delistoianov Nádia , Perotta João Henrique , Magalhães Geórgia Modé , Favoretto Samantha Mesquita , Alessi Antonio Carlos
Published: April 2014

A Catuama® é a associação de quatro extratos hidroalcoolicos obtidos de plantas brasileiras (Paullinia cupana, Trichilia catigua, Ptychopetalum olacoides e Zingiber officinale) com conhecida ação neuroprotetora, anti-inflamatória, antioxidante e antidepressiva. O bilobalide é um componente extraído das folhas do Ginkgo biloba, que tem comprovada ação neuroprotetora nos sistemas nervosos central e periférico. O presente estudo avaliou os efeitos da Catuama® e do bilobalide na regeneração nervosa periférica de ratos submetidos à secção do nervo isquiático. Foram utilizados 40 ratos com implante de tubo de silicone preenchido por colágeno líquido, deixando-se um intervalo entre os segmentos nervosos de 10mm. Os animais foram divididos em 4 grupos: o grupo controle (A); os grupos que receberam a Catuama® administrada por via oral nos primeiros 28 dias de pós-operatório, nas doses de 100 (B) e 400mg.kg-1 (C); e o grupo que recebeu o bilobalide na dose de 200µM (D), este, adicionado ao colágeno líquido utilizado no implante de silicone. Os animais foram avaliados na primeira, quinta e décima semanas de pós-operatório pelo teste de marcha. Na décima semana, foi realizada avaliação eletrofisiológica e análises quantitativa e qualitativa dos cortes histológicos de amostras do nervo isquiático e do músculo gastrocnêmio. Em todas as análises utilizadas observou-se excelente regeneração dos nervos, no entanto, não foi encontrada diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre os grupos experimentais e controle.
Biomarcadores inflamatórios e indicadores de estresse oxidativo em cadelas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia convencional, por NOTES híbrida e NOTES total
Authors: Basso Paula Cristina , Raiser Alceu Gaspar , Brun Maurício Veloso , Mazzanti Cínthia Melazzo , Costa Márcio Machado , Wolkmer Patrícia , Dutra Luciana Hermes , Müller Daniel Curvello de Mendonça , Silva Cássia Bagolin
Published: April 2014

Objetivou-se comparar a resposta inflamatória e o perfil oxidativo da técnica de ovariossalpingohisterectomia (OSH) convencional com duas técnicas de Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifícios Naturais (NOTES). Foram utilizados 15 fêmeas, alocadas em três grupos de cinco animais. No primeiro grupo, a OSH foi realizada por celiotomia convencional, no segundo, por NOTES total e, no terceiro, por NOTES híbrida. Foram realizadas as coletas sanguíneas antes do procedimento cirúrgico (basal), 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 e 72h pós-operatórias. A atividade da catalase manteve-se alta nos três grupos estudados, entretanto a peroxidação lipídica, medida pelos níveis dos produtos de reação com o ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), ocorreu mais acentuadamente no grupo convencional e foi quase que imperceptível no grupo de NOTES total. Nos três grupos estudados, ocorreu elevação na atividade da butirilcolinesterase e acetilcolinesterases, bem como aumento leucocitário neutrofílico nas primeiras horas pós-cirúrgicas. Conclui-se que a inflamação sistêmica acontece de forma similar nas três técnicas operatórias, com ressalva para as realizadas por NOTES total que mantiveram as mais baixas taxas oxidativas.
Construção e uso de indicadores para avaliação do manejo da ordenha: uma proposta metodológica participativa
Authors: Souza Alexandre Prestes de , Honorato Luciana Aparecida , Gómez Cíntia Uller , Cardoso Clarissa Silva , Hötzel Maria José
Published: April 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi adaptar e testar uma metodologia participativa para promover e avaliar as mudanças de percepção e de atitude dos agricultores com relação às práticas de manejo sanitário da ordenha, através da construção e uso de indicadores que permitissem aos agricultores um processo de ação-avaliação constante. Foi realizado um estudo de caso em quatro Unidades de Produção Familiar (UPF), no município de Guaraciaba (SC), envolvidas na atividade leiteira. Após a caracterização das UPF e diagnóstico sanitário do rebanho, foi feita a construção participativa de indicadores de manejo sanitário de ordenha, a qual foi utilizada pelos agricultores ao longo de três meses para avaliação de suas práticas de manejo. Ao final desse período, foram realizadas entrevistas com as famílias participantes para apreender a sua percepção a respeito da metodologia empregada. Os agricultores avaliaram positivamente o uso da metodologia, destacando a melhoria de vários indicadores, devido às mudanças de atitudes. Destacaram também que a eficiência da metodologia se deve ao fato de ela proporcionar uma reflexão sobre aspectos reais da vida dos agricultores. Assim, a proposta metodológica participativa utilizada neste trabalho, dentro de uma perspectiva emancipadora, mostrou-se uma importante ferramenta de avaliação de sistemas, coerente com as premissas da Política Nacional de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural - PNATER.
Silages of pearl millet submitted to nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Pinho Ricardo Martins Araujo , Santos Edson Mauro , Campos Fleming Sena , Ramos João Paulo de Farias , Macedo Carlos Henrique Oliveira , Bezerra Higor Fábio Carvalho , Perazzo Alexandre Fernandes
Published: April 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the fermentation characteristics, losses and the chemical composition of two pearl millet genotypes silages submitted to nitrogen fertilization. The experimental design was a completely randomized blocks in a split plot scheme 2x5 (two nitrogen genotypes doses x five doses of nitrogen), with four replicates. Nitrogen doses were 0, 20, 40, 60, 80kg ha-1 and the pearl millet genotypes were the variety ADR300 and the hybrid ADR7010. The hybrid ADR 7010 showed average lactic acid content higher than the variety ADR 300, at all doses of N, recording values ranging from 4.09 to 10.46dag kg-1. There was an interaction between nitrogren doses and genotypes for the neutral detergent fiber, which ranged from 51.81 to 63.63dag kg-1 of dry matter. Dry matter recovery decreased linearly with increasing nitrogen doses only for hybrid ADR7010, the same did not happen for the ADR300. The nitrogen fertilization does not favor the fermentation characteristics and increases DM losses of the hybrid ADR7010.
A produção científica do Rio Grande do Sul em Ciências Agrárias representada na base Web of Science
Authors: Vargas Rosely de Andrade , Vanz Samile Andréa de Souza
Published: April 2014

Este trabalho caracteriza a produção científica do Rio Grande do Sul em Ciências Agrárias representada na base de dados Web of Science de 2000 a 2010. A partir da análise de 6.617 registros, feita com o auxílio do software Bibexcel, são identificados documentos, idiomas e revistas mais utilizadas pelos pesquisadores gaúchos na divulgação de suas investigações. Apresenta-se também a evolução anual da produção e as instituições de ensino e pesquisa mais produtivas. Os resultados mostram que a produção científica do Estado em Ciências Agrárias indexada na base registrou forte crescimento, ascendendo de 179 documentos em 2000 para 1.107 documentos em 2010. Os artigos científicos corresponderam a 92% do total das publicações. Inglês e português foram os idiomas mais usados. Entre os 20 periódicos com maior volume de publicações, 18 são do Brasil. A revista Ciência Rural liderou o ranking dos periódicos mais utilizados, concentrando 10% do total da produção no período.
Pensar o Sistema Único de Saúde do século XXI: entrevista com Lígia Bahia
Authors: Bahia Lígia , Cueto Marcos , Benchimol Jaime , Teixeira Luiz Antonio , Cerqueira Roberta C.
Published: April 2014

A entrevista com Lígia Bahia aborda balanços feitos sobre os 25 anos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e analisa seus avanços, impasses e descaminhos. A entrevistada posiciona-se criticamente em relação a duas vertentes atuais do SUS, a que o vê como sistema que visa à equidade, e a que enxerga a igualdade como seu objetivo. Critica as ambivalências em decisões de várias esferas do governo em relação a grandes grupos empresariais e a planos privados de saúde, antagônicos aos ideais do SUS. Avalia a participação dos médicos e de outras profissões de saúde no Sistema. Analisa ainda a emergência de políticas identitárias, ausentes na formulação do projeto da reforma sanitária, cuja ênfase era a igualdade.
Trocas intelectuais entre Alemanha e América Latina: entrevista com Stefan Rinke
Authors: Rinke Stefan , Silva André Felipe Cândido da , Junghans Miriam , Cavalcanti Juliana Manzoni , Muñoz Pedro Felipe Neves de
Published: April 2014

Acadêmico que se dedica a pensar o desenvolvimento histórico da América Latina levando em consideração sua inserção no concerto internacional, o historiador alemão Stefan Rinke, da Universidade Livre de Berlim, é entrevistado por alunos e ex-alunos da Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz. Dimensões diversas como as relações econômicas e diplomáticas, os fluxos migratórios e os conflitos étnicos constituem, nos trabalhos de Rinke, meios de análise das redes de interdependência que ataram a América Latina à Europa e aos EUA. Suas reflexões extrapolam o âmbito do continente latino-americano e permitem pensar a globalização como processo histórico, situando contextos nacionais e regionais num quadro geral. Na entrevista Rinke fala sobre sua trajetória acadêmica, história global/transnacional e projetos conjuntos entre a Alemanha e a América Latina.
Alemanha e Brasil, 1870-1945: uma relação entre espaços
Authors: Rinke Stefan
Published: April 2014

As relações entre Alemanha e Brasil foram influenciadas por diferentes ordens espaciais que coexistiram e se influenciaram, no período de 1870 a 1945. O artigo discute a ideia de viver em mundos diferentes, muito distantes entre si. Argumenta-se que o conceito de distância mudou lenta e regularmente com o aparecimento de modernas tecnologias de comunicação. Ordens espaciais hierarquicamente estruturadas em centros e periferias dominaram as relações nesse período. Os alemães consideravam seu espaço maior e superior ao brasileiro, situação com a qual muitos brasileiros, naquela época, concordavam, entretanto, desde a Primeira Guerra Mundial, não mais quiseram aceitar essa suposta ordem natural.
Do depósito à hospedaria de imigrantes: gênese de um "território da espera" no caminho da emigração para o Brasil
Authors: Chrysostomo Maria Isabel de Jesus , Vidal Laurent
Published: April 2014

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o surgimento e organização de dispositivos territoriais e administrativos, qualificados aqui de territórios da espera, para o controle e a triagem dos emigrantes no momento da sua entrada no Brasil. Entre a reutilização de formas existentes (depósitos, armazéns), na primeira metade do século XIX, e a invenção de uma forma nova (a hospedaria), no final daquele século, longos debates mobilizando vários atores (do mundo político, econômico e medical) se instalaram em torno das seguintes questões: qual a forma espacial e arquitetônica mais adequada para o acolhimento provisório? Como valorizar o tempo de espera para proceder aos controles administrativo e sanitário, permitindo definir o imigrante desejável?
Os paulistanos, "ianques do sul", e a "doença moderna", a neurastenia, nas primeiras décadas do século XX
Authors: Dorsch Sebastian
Published: April 2014

Em pouco tempo o boom do café, a imigração europeia e a atlantização de diversos setores de vida transformaram São Paulo de um pequeno povoado em uma próspera metrópole atlântica. Nas primeiras décadas do século XX, observadores descreviam a cidade, por seu progresso e atividade, como Yankee City. De que forma a neurastenia, “a mais moderna e americana das doenças”, combina com essa imagem? Após a análise de anúncios, livros científicos e de divulgação da ciência, bem como de artigos em revistas, pode-se afirmar que a neurastenia era amplamente difundida e bastante comercializável. O presente trabalho enfatiza a relação sociocultural dos paulistanos com o fenômeno da neurastenia.
Um Brasil melhor
Authors: Lesser Jeffrey
Published: April 2014

Muitos países no continente americano se autodenominam “nações de imigrantes”. Nos EUA, o mito da “terra prometida” sugere que estrangeiros prosperam ao chegar ali porque a nação é intrinsicamente extraordinária. No Brasil, contudo, a relação entre imigração e identidade nacional é outra. Intelectuais, políticos, além de líderes culturais e econômicos viam (e veem) os imigrantes como agentes de melhoria de uma nação imperfeita marcada por anos de colonialismo português e escravidão africana. Como resultado, os imigrantes muitas vezes eram considerados salvadores por trazer mudanças e melhorias para o Brasil, e não por ter melhorado graças ao Brasil. Essas “melhorias” ocorreram com a absorção, a miscigenação e o uso de categorias raciais e étnicas cada vez mais flexíveis.
BEM numerical simulation of spillway flows
Authors: Mello Carlos Eduardo Ferraz de
Published: April 2014

The study of gravity-free surface flows presents difficulties, such as the nonlinearity of the dynamic boundary condition in the free surface, and also the fact that the location of this surface is not known a priori. Traditionally, this phenomenon has been investigated by physical models, but the progress of computer science and numeric methods has allowed more and more the successful use of mathematical models to simulate this type of flow. This work presents a boundary element method (BEM) numerical simulation of spillway flows with discontinuous linear elements. The solution procedure involves an iterative process in the determination of the free surface. The Newton-Raphson method is adopted together with the use of pseudo-nodes on the free surface and an empiric step factor (or damping factor) which controls the stability and the rate of convergence. An example of WES standard spillway shape is presented. The obtained results are compared with experimental data and they check the efficiency and good precision of the adopted method.
Flexural behavior of hybrid steel fiber reinforced self-consolidating concretes
Authors: Rambo Dimas Alan Strauss , Silva Flávio de Andrade , Toledo Filho Romildo Dias
Published: April 2014

The simultaneous use of different types of fibers as reinforcement in concrete, mortar or pastes, can avoid the propagation and widening of cracks at different stages of their load-deflection or stress-strain behavior. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the flexural behavior in the material and structural scale of self-compacting concretes reinforced with meso and macro steel fibers. Two tests were used to mechanically characterize the concretes reinforced with volume fractions of 1 and 1.5% hybrid steel fibers: four point bending tests (material scale) and round panel tests (structural scale). The results indicated that hybridization of fiber reinforcement raised the serviceability limit state of concrete, contributing to increased toughness and load bearing capacity for small levels of displacement and crack openings. Such benefits were more evident in the structural tests considering the degree of hyperstaticity and multiple cracking potential of the panels. In the descending branch of the load-displacement curves, where macro-cracks were predominant, macro-fibers were more efficient in increasing the overall capacity for energy absorption of the composites.
The effect of calcination conditions on the physical and chemical characteristics of sugar cane bagasse ash
Authors: Soares Marcela Maira N. S. , Poggiali Flávia S. J. , Bezerra Augusto Cesar S. , Figueiredo Roberto B. , Aguilar Maria Teresa P. , Cetlin Paulo Roberto
Published: April 2014

The effect of calcination temperature and air flow on the content of organic material, morphology of particles, degree of crystallinity and the reactivity with lime solution of the sugar cane bagasse ash is evaluated. The results show that the long fibers of the bagasse and organic material are retained when calcination occurs without sufficient air flow. Calcining with forced air-flow breaks the fibers, removes organic material and produces fine particles at a temperature of 600ºC. The non-organic material observed in the ash displays a high degree of crystallinity. Experiments show that the crystalline structure observed in the ashes is due to adhered sand which was not previously washed away. The reduction on the conductivity in lime solution and X-rays diffraction pattern suggest that amorphous silica is formed at temperatures lower than 600ºC and cristobalite is formed at higher temperatures.
Comparison between bentonite and serpentinite in the production process of iron ore pellets
Authors: Carmignano Ottavio Raul Domenico Riberti , Carvalho Cornélio de Freitas
Published: April 2014

Pelletizing iron ore fines is an agglomeration process that through a thermal treatment converts the ultra-fines fraction thereof into small balls ranging in size from 8mm (0.31 in.) to 18mm (0.71 in.), with adequate characteristics for feeding steel reduction works. The binder more used to make pellets is bentonite, which is an item of significant cost in the process. The present paper aims at evaluating the use of serpentinite instead of bentonite. The results obtained show that the full substitution of bentonite for serpentinite is unfeasible. However a potential does exist for using serpentinite and bentonite together in the iron ore palletizing process in the proportion of 1:1.
Use of gravity separation in metals concentration from printed circuit board scraps
Authors: Veit Hugo Marcelo , Juchneski Nichele Cristina de Freitas , Scherer Janine
Published: April 2014

The amount of solid waste generated by all segments of society has increased in past decades. Annually, in Brazil, 96,000 tonnes of electronic scrap are generated from computers. The incorrect disposal of this waste creates environmental damage, generating loss of materials that could be reused and / or recycled, reducing the extraction of recyclable materials to produce new materials. The printed circuit boards (PCB) represent approximately 30% of the electronic waste generated and its recycling is a complex process, but very important for the recovery of metals of high economic value. Industrial processes for the recovery of metals from PCB are based on pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. In both cases, it is possible to carry out a pretreatment that involves the use of mechanical processes. Therefore, for this paper, the concentration of the metallic fraction of PCB through the use of a Mozley concentrator was enabled. The results show that it is possible to obtain significant quantities of metals such as copper (concentration 85%), tin (95%), and silver (98%) in the fractions of interest.
Assessment of two kinetic tests to predict the acid mine drainage in waste rock samples of a uranium mine
Authors: Abreu Adriana Trópia de , Faria Efigênia Miranda de , Chaves Carla Thamilis Fonseca , Leite Adilson do Lago , Lena Jorge Carvalho de
Published: April 2014

Acid mine drainage is the result of the oxidation process of sulfide bearing rocks. This process occurs when the sulfide material is exposed to atmospheric conditions. Under these conditions, successive oxidation reactions yield sulfuric acid generating acidic waters. This problem becomes more serious when the surrounding rocks are not able to neutralize the acid. The low pH condition of the drained water accelerates the solubility process of solid materials (rocks, soils and sediments) and favors metal and metalloid leaching making them available to the environment, which impairs the hydric system quality. This is a quite common situation at abandoned mines where the material is exposed, as at theOsamu Utsumi Mine in Caldas, MG. The main goal of this work was to assess and compare two kinetic tests in an attempt to predict the acid generation from the waste rock of the Osamu Utsumi Mine. The tests were carried out using a Soxhlet extractor and a leaching column. The leachate from the two tests was analyzed for the physical-chemical parameters (pH, Eh and electric conductivity) and metals and metalloids.
Piso intertravado produzido com rejeito de sinter feed
Authors: Costa A. V. , Gumieri A. G. , Brandão P. R. G.
Published: April 2014

O presente trabalho apresenta a viabilidade técnica do aproveitamento e da conveniência ecológica do emprego do rejeito de sinter feed,oriundo de atividades mineradoras de ferro, como agregado na produção do concreto, inicialmente para a fabricação de elementos pré-fabrica dos destinados à pavimentação, com possibilidade de expansão para outras finalidades. Inicialmente, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios de caracterização dos materiais: caracterização física, química e ambiental do rejeito, caracterização física dos demais agregados utilizadose ensaio de qualidade do rejeito quando empregado como agregado miúdo na produção de argamassas, por comparativo de resistência àcompressão das mesmas. Posteriormente, após a produção de peças para piso intertravado, em uma indústria de pré-fabricados, os mesmosforam amostrados e submetidos aos ensaios resistência à compressão, absorção e desgaste por abrasão, segundo as normas NBR 9780[33], NBR 12118 [34] e NBR 12042 [35]. Quanto aos resultados, as resistências à compressão aos 28 dias, sofreram variações entre -2,5% e -11%; quanto às absorções de água, as variações ficaram entre -14% e +3,8%; quanto à abrasão, observaram-se variações entre -80% e -62%, percentuais estes referidos sempre aos valores de referência. A grande relevância do uso do rejeito de sinter feed como agregado naprodução de concreto se refere ao desenvolvimento sustentável da indústria da construção civil. Para as indústrias mineradoras, o descarte desse rejeito de maneira produtiva significa grande vantagem na relação custo-benefício que se caracterizará pela ausência tanto das pilhas de estocagem em suas áreas quanto pela ausência de despesas com sua operacionalização.
Comparativo da aderência do concreto com aço sem proteção e o aço galvanizado a quente
Authors: Tutikian B.F. , Hilgert T. , Howland J.J.
Published: April 2014

O aumento da vida útil de estruturas é de grande importância para a construção civil, seja por aspectos econômicos quanto de segurança aos usuários. A corrosão de armaduras é um dos problemas mais recorrentes, principalmente em ambientes com alto teor de cloretos. Uma das alternativas mais eficientes para proteger as armaduras contra a corrosão é a galvanização a quente das barras de aço, com a incorporação de uma camada de zinco que será consumida antes do aço entrar em reação, prolongando a vida útil da estrutura. Porém, esta camada de zinco não deve prejudicar a aderência das barras de aço com o concreto. Neste trabalho, foi investigada esta relação, comparativamente com a armadura sem proteção, com a análise de três diâmetros de barras, 8, 12,5 e 16mm, através de ensaio de flexão em viga, com o procedimento da Rilem, de 1978 [1]. Observou-se que não houve perda de aderência significativa em nenhum dos diâmetros, após análise estatística, mostrando que a aderência entre o concreto e o aço galvanizado a quente não é inferior do que com os aços sem proteção, para estes materiais.