bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness of Players At SSB Kancil Mas Karawang Aged 17 Years
Authors: Gunawan Reki , Gemael Qorry Armen , Aulia Dany , Wijaya Habibi Hadi , Setiawan Arief
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to test whether there was a relationship between nutritional status and physical fitness levels of SSB Kancil Mas Karawang. This type of research is a correlation study. This study was conducted in February 2024 at the Kancil Mas Karawang Football School. The population in this study were all SSB Kancil Mas Karawang U-16 soccer players totaling 15 people. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling technique. The test instruments used were 1) measuring nutritional status to determine the player's body mass index and 2) measuring the Indonesian physical fitness test (TKJI) to determine the player's physical fitness. The data analysis technique in this study used simple correlation analysis or product moment. Based on the results of this study, there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and physical fitness among SSB Kancil Mas Karawang soccer players, with the results of a strong relationship.
The Effect of Postural Exercise Program For The Elderly On Increasing Muscle Mass At I-Fit Indonesia, Central Jakarta
Authors: Al Farras Muhammad Abdan , Gemael Qorry Armen , Dewi R. Retna Kinanti , Wijaya Habibi Hadi , Aulia Dany
Published: January 2025

The research aims to prove the influence of the postural training program for the elderly on increasing muscle mass at I-Fit Indonesia, Central Jakarta. This type of research uses experiments with a quantitative approach. The research design uses one group pre-test-post-test design. This design has a pre-test and post-test so that the influence of treatment can be calculated by comparing the post-test and pre-test scores. The subjects of this research were 12 I-Fit Indonesian consumers. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique. The test instruments used in this research were Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). Based on the data from the normality test using the Shapiro-Wilk test, a sig value of 0.05 was obtained, normally distributed. The homogeneity test obtained a sig value of 0.495. Hypothesis testing obtained a sig value of 0.007. So it can be concluded that providing a postural program to the elderly can increase muscle mass in the elderly.
Development of Line Layout Models to Increase Student Involvement in Physical Education, Sports, and Health’s Learning at The Sports Court
Authors: Albani Iqbal , Sari Zihan Novita , Setyo Pramono Abdul Hadi , Clarita Tya
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to develop an innovative line layout model to enhance student involvement and motivation in Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) classes. Utilizing the ADDIE model—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—the research included field and literature studies to assess current layout strategies in PJOK sessions, identifying that a lack of variety in layout contributes to low engagement. This developmental research focused on creating a row layout model specifically for PJOK conducted outdoors, prioritizing active learning and student interaction. At the analysis stage, interviews and observations at SMAN 4 Malang revealed a demand for engaging, adaptable layouts. The design phase involved creating materials and visual aids to support various layout models that promote physical activity, collaboration, and effective teacher supervision. Experts validated the product on aspects of accuracy, convenience, appeal, and feasibility, achieving a high validity index of 0.92. Results indicate that the layout model is both practical and potentially effective for increasing student motivation and participation, though further application research is necessary to evaluate its direct impact on PJOK learning outcomes
The Effect of Balance Ball Exercise On Handling Lower Back Pain In I-Fit Indonesia Members In Central Jakarta
Authors: Arifianto Dimas Indria , Gemael Qorry Armen , Dewi R. Retna Kinanti , Wijaya Habibi Hadi , Setiawan Muhammad Arief
Published: January 2025

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Balance Ball Exercise in alleviating lower back pain among members of I-Fit Indonesia, Central Jakarta. Lower back pain, characterized by discomfort and muscle spasms in the lower back, often disrupts the balance between the abdominal and paravertebral muscles, limiting mobility. This condition is prevalent among I-Fit Indonesia members in Central Jakarta. Balance Ball Exercise is an approach that utilizes a stability ball to potentially reduce back pain and strengthen core, gluteal, and back extensor muscles, which may contribute to alleviating symptoms of lower back pain. The research employs a quantitative, one-group pre-test-post-test design with a sample of 12 members from I-Fit Indonesia, selected through purposive sampling. The primary measurement tool, a goniometer, assesses range of motion (ROM) by determining the angle between bone segments at the maximum point of movement. Data analysis includes tests for normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis testing. The results indicate a positive effect of Balance Ball Exercise on managing lower back pain. Analysis using a paired sample t-test shows that balance ball training significantly influences pain reduction, with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Paired sample correlations show a low but positive correlation (r = 0.637, p > 0.05), indicating a positive relationship between balance ball training and lower back pain relief. These findings suggest that Balance Ball Exercise can be a beneficial intervention for lower back pain among I-Fit Indonesia members, providing an accessible method to enhance core stability and manage pain.
Analysis of Sports Interest Among Sports Science Students of Makassar State University Class 2022-2023: Questionnaire Approach And Its Implications
Authors: Faiz Faiz , Fauzi Muhammad Imam , Hidayatullah Syarif , Setiawan Muhammad Arief
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the sports participation interest among students of the Sports Science Department at Universitas Negeri Makassar for the 2022-2023 academic year. The research utilizes a quantitative approach with a descriptive method, aimed at providing an objective picture of students' interest in physical activity. The data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire distributed to 100 students, with a Likert scale used to measure attitudes and perceptions regarding their involvement in sports. The results revealed that the majority of students were aware of the importance of exercise for physical and mental health, with 90% acknowledging its significance. However, only 40% of the respondents reported being highly motivated to exercise consistently. The study found that social support from family and friends played a key role in encouraging students to engage in sports. On the other hand, barriers such as inadequate sports facilities on campus, time constraints due to academic schedules, and financial limitations were identified as significant obstacles. Despite these challenges, 85% of students recognized the psychological benefits of exercise, including stress reduction and increased productivity. Based on these findings, the study recommends improving campus sports facilities, offering structured sports programs, providing financial support for sports participation, and increasing awareness of the psychological benefits of physical activity. The findings provide valuable insights for universities to develop policies that promote a more active lifestyle among students, particularly those in the field of sports science.
Psychological Impact of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise in Patients with Heart Disease
Authors: Paturohman Rayfal Fahmi , Parhan Parhan , Zamroni Muhammad Alieffirdho , Setiawan Muhammad Arief
Published: January 2025

Aerobic and resistance exercises have been identified as effective interventions to improve the physical health of patients with heart disease. However, the psychological impact of these two types of exercise has not yet been studied in depth. This study aimed to evaluate the psychological effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in patients with heart disease, with a focus on levels of anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Through analysis of data from randomized clinical trials, it was found that both forms of exercise significantly reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression, and improved patients' quality of life. Aerobic exercise tends to be more effective in reducing anxiety, while resistance training shows better results in increasing self-confidence and mental resilience. These findings demonstrate the importance of integrating physical exercise into the rehabilitation program of cardiac patients to improve their psychological well-being.
Motor Educability Between Students of Joalampe 47th State Elementary School and Puri Taman Sari Elementary School Makassar
Authors: Syahruddin Syahruddin , Saleh Muh. Sahib , Saleh Muhammad Syahrul
Published: January 2025

This research is descriptive. This study aims to determine the comparison of the motor educability of students of SD Negeri 47 Joalampe with students of SD Puri Taman Sari Makassar. The population is all Grade V students of SD Negeri 47 Joalampe and SD Puri Taman Sari Makassar. The sample used was 50 students. The sampling technique was by random selection using a lottery (Simple Random Sampling). The data analysis technique used was descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that; 1) the comparison of motor educability of students of SD Puri Taman Sari Makassar is better than the results of motor educability of students of SD Negeri 47 Joalampe.
Survey Of Coaching Program And Nutritional Status In Kancil Mas Karawang Football Players
Authors: Maulana Ilham , Aulia Dany , Setiawan Muhammad Arief , Wijaya Habibi Hadi , Dewi R. Retna Kinanti
Published: January 2025

This study examined the quality of training programs and the nutritional status of young athletes at SSB Kancil Mas Karawang, a football school in Indonesia. The study used a quantitative descriptive method, utilizing structured surveys, tests, and field measurements to assess football skills and physical fitness. The study participants included 25 athletes, with data collected on November 13, 2024. Football skills were evaluated using dribbling, short passing, heading, and shooting tests, in addition to physical tests such as push-ups, sit-ups, and back-ups. Nutritional status was measured using Body Mass Index (BMI). The results showed that most athletes showed moderate to good physical abilities, but had significant deficits in heading skills (80% in the “poor” category) and shooting accuracy. Dribbling emerged as a strong skill, with 72% achieving “very good” results. Nutritional analysis revealed that all participants were underweight for their height, highlighting the need to improve a balanced diet. This imbalance affects endurance and increases the risk of injury, emphasizing the role of proper nutrition in athletic development. These findings highlight the importance of integrating science-based structured training and nutritional guidance into youth football programs to foster optimal physical and technical skills. The study offers actionable recommendations for improving training and nutrition, contributing to the broader development of football training in Indonesia.
Motivation Of Deaf Students Towards Sports Learning At SLB B Tunas Harapan Karawang
Authors: Saleh Muhammad Fakhri , Winarya Fazri Ramdhani , Ramadhani Fatiha , Setiawan M. Arief
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the level of learning motivation of deaf students towards sports learning at SLB B Tunas Harapan, Karawang. By using quantitative descriptive, and collecting information or data using surveys. This study involved 10 students of SLB B Tunas Harapan as a population, which was taken through random sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires designed to measure students' learning motivation in the context of physical education or sports. The results of the analysis show that the level of student motivation in sports learning is in a good category, with the percentage of motivation reaching 60%. These findings indicate that although deaf students show interest in learning sports, there is a need to improve teaching strategies to make them more engaging and enjoyable. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers apply interactive and game-based learning methods to increase student engagement so that they do not feel bored and are more motivated to follow lessons. This research is expected to provide insight for educators and schools in designing more effective learning programs for deaf students, as well as supporting the development of their potential in the field of sports. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the objectives, methods, results, and implications of research on the learning motivation of deaf students at SLB B Tunas Harapan Karawang.
Survey of Anxiety Level of Athletes of SMP 7 Karawang Barat In Futsal Sports
Authors: Kurniawan Latif Dwi , Laduni Maftuh Ahmad , Wahyudi Aldy Heri , Setiawan Muhammad Arief
Published: January 2025

Anxiety is a situation where someone feels faced with a challenge. In sports, anxiety is very often experienced by athletes. Because during the match athletes often experience feelings of tension, worry, and uncertainty during the match. The lack of mental preparation of athletes greatly affects the athlete's performance. Likewise with futsal athletes. Futsal has the characteristics of a fast and dynamic game, Futsal is done on a small field, therefore it needs a strong mentality. As for athletes who are in junior high school who still have mental preparations that are not good enough. This study aims to determine the anxiety level of futsal athletes at SMPN 7 West Karawang. The results of the research that have been processed are 22.7% of female athletes who have high anxiety, and 9.1% of male athletes have high anxiety levels. The method used for this research uses a descriptive quantitative approach. With a sample size of 33 and a total of 10 questions. The results of the data show that the majority of SMP 7 West Karawang futsal athletes experience moderate anxiety. Women tend to feel anxious more often than men.
The Relationship Between Sports And Sleep Quality of Students of The Faculty of Health Sciences, Singaperbangsa University, Karawang
Authors: Yusuf Mochamad Sandy , Irsyad Muhammad , Darmawan Syahrul , Setiawan Muhammad Arief
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of exercise on the sleep quality of students at the Faculty of Health, Singaperbangsa University, Karawang. Good sleep quality is essential for physical and mental health, but many students experience sleep problems due to high academic demands and modern lifestyles. The research method used was comparative, involving 17 students who filled out a questionnaire regarding the frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise and their sleep quality. The results showed that 70.6% of respondents felt an improvement in sleep quality after exercising, especially with light physical activity such as jogging for 30 minutes. This study also found that exercise helps reduce stress levels and increases the production of hormones that support better sleep. Thus, it is recommended that students integrate exercise routines into their lifestyles to improve sleep quality and overall well-being. This study provides important insights into the benefits of exercise not only for physical health but also for mental health and encourages educational institutions to support sports activities among students.
Body Structure Of Badminton Athletes Of Makassar City Tarunas Reviewed From Playing Skills
Authors: Sayuti Herman , Kasmad Muhammad Rachmat , Suwardi Suwardi
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine the body structure of badminton athletes in Makassar City in terms of playing skills. This study is correlational, intending to determine the effect of body structure on the playing skills of badminton athletes in Makassar City. The study developed in this study was conducted with a simple field study. The population in this study were all badminton athletes (aged 17-19 years) in Makassar City, totalling 73 people. The sample used in this study was badminton athletes at the cadet level throughout Makassar City using random sampling. The sample used in this study was representative of 8 PBSI clubs in Makassar City from 50 athletes who had good skills. So the total number of samples was 50 athletes from clubs in Makassar City. The test instrument is used to measure body structure (height, arm length, leg length, chest circumference, weight) and badminton playing skills (serve, smash and drop shot). The study used a descriptive analysis design by clarifying the values achieved by each athlete in the test. Then the values are added up and categorized based on the range of values (scores). The results of the study show that: (1) The body structure of the height aspect of the badminton athletes of Makassar City Cadets reviewed from the service, smash and drop shoot in badminton games is in the low category. (2) The body structure of the arm length aspect of the badminton athletes of Makassar City Cadets reviewed from the service, smash and drop shoot in badminton games is in the medium category, (3) The body structure of the chest circumference aspect of the badminton athletes of Makassar City Cadets reviewed from the service, smash and drop shoot in badminton games is in the medium category. (4) The body structure of the leg length aspect of the badminton athletes of Makassar City Cadets reviewed from the service, smash and drop shoot in badminton games is in the high category, and (5) The body structure of the weight aspect of the badminton athletes of Makassar City Cadets reviewed from the service, smash and drop shoot in badminton games is in the medium category.
Modeling a dependence system with specified conditions
Authors: Usenko Valerii , Vorontsov Oleg , Nikolaenko Volodymyr , Usenko Irina
Published: January 2025

The article describes the formation of a multidimensional geometric object that reflects a system of dependencies of many variables based on geometric modeling. It is noted that in the process of creating geometric objects, the tasks of fulfilling the specified conditions and the need to model dependencies between all or some parts of the variables of a given system arise. The article develops a technique for constructing multidimensional geometric objects formed by other manifolds of different sizes and weights. These types must satisfy the given conditions. The structure of a multidimensional figure is applicable for solving complex optimization problems with many criteria in computer-aided design environments.
Analysis of atmospheric air in the city of Kryvyi Rih and the contribution of motor vehicles to the pollution of the city
Authors: Halaktionov Mykola , Hanoshenko Olena
Published: January 2025

Atmospheric air pollution is a significant problem of large cities, which leads to deterioration of the quality of life of the population. The city of Kryvyi Rih is characterized by a significant concentration of industrial facilities of the mining and metallurgical complex and motor vehicles, the combined effect of which causes technogenic stress on the environment. As a result of the study, it was established that the impact of motor vehicles on the atmospheric air of the city of Kryvyi Rih is increasing. An analysis of the impact of the city's industrial facilities on the state of atmospheric air was carried out, and the contribution of motor vehicles to air pollution was determined. Areas with the most intense traffic were identified, where emissions from mobile sources were analyzed and recommendations were made to reduce the impact of these emissions
One health investigation following a cluster of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever, North Macedonia, July to November 2023
Authors: Jakimovski Dejan , Banović Pavle , Spasovska Katerina , Rangelov Goran , Cvetanovska Marija , Cana Fadil , Simin Verica , Bogdan Ivana , Mijatović Dragana , Cvetkovikj Aleksandar , Djadjovski Igor , Christova Iva , Meletis Eleftherios , Kostoulas Polychronis , Zana Brigitta , Lanszki Zsófia , Görföl Tamás , Tauber Zsófia , Kemenesi Gabor
Published: January 2025

Background

Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness characterised by fever, bleeding and high case-fatality rates. The disease is caused by CCHF virus (CCHFV), transmitted by ticks and infectious body fluids and tissues.

Aim

After CCHF was diagnosed in three persons in 2023, we aimed to investigate the presence of antibodies against CCHFV in healthcare workers (HCW), sheep and goats, and of CCHFV in ticks, in an area in North Macedonia and characterise virus strains.

Methods

In 2023, we collected blood samples from HCWs involved in treating CCHF patients and sera and ticks from sheep and goats in the village in North Macedonia where the index case resided. The blood samples were analysed by ELISA. Ticks were tested for presence of CCHFV, and the virus from a CCHF case was sequenced.

Results

Samples from four of 52 HCWs and 10 of 17 small ruminants had antibodies against CCHFV. The virus was not detected from any of the 24 Rhipicephalus bursa ticks. The virus strain from the index case clustered with regional strains within the Europe-1 lineage (genotype V) group and was closest to strains from Kosovo‡.

Conclusion

This report shows CCHFV is endemic in North Macedonia. Raising awareness of the risk factors and educating people about the measures they can take to reduce exposure to the virus is important. Healthcare workers need to be aware of the disease. Early detection, robust diagnostic methods, surveillance and collaborative efforts are necessary to prevent and control CCHF in the affected regions.
Enhancing Student Writing through Task-Based Language Teaching: A Case Study at SMAN 4 Blitar
Authors: Oktavia Anggun Nurafni , . Supriyono , Primasari Yusniarsi , Fauzi Adin
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This study discloses the phenomena of the Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) technique to teach writing to 10th-grade students at SMAN 4 Blitar. The context of this study is based on students' lack of enthusiasm and motivation to write English, which is caused by a lack of literacy, poor writing habits, and inappropriate use of technology. This study aims to describe how TBLT is used, assess its success, and suggest the next steps to enhance students' writing skills. This study takes a descriptive qualitative method with a comprehensive single-case study design. Data were gathered via in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. The data were thematically evaluated using Miles and Huberman's method, which included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study show that TBLT enhances students' participation, understanding, and writing skills through collaborative tasks and continuous feedback. The Ongoing evaluation also allows teachers to adjust teaching strategies according to the individual students’ needs Thus, TBLT has proven to be effective in creating a dynamic and collaborative learning environment, significantly improving students' writing skills. This study reveals a model and proposition to be referenced for further studies and instructional practices.
MEMORIZATION, FORGETTING AND OBLIVION OF DOCUMENTARY MEMORY
Authors:   Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozlov Vladimir P.
Published: January 2025

In the article, the author continues to analyze the features of
documentary historical memory as one of the types of historical memory.
The paper considers three aspects related to the historical memory formation
(as an arbitrary and involuntary memorization of what is happening in the
process of regulation with the help of a reality document), to forgetting and
oblivion of documentary memory.
The article attempts to identify the determinants affecting the completeness
and the reliability accuracy of the document’s memorization of what is
happening, connected with the mental and social characteristics of its author,
as well as other motives that guide him when creating a document, regardless
of whether the latter belongs to a particular class of records. Thus it explains
the issues related to the reliability of documentary evidence of documentary
historical memory.
The author considers the transformation of a document into a documentary
historical source and in this regard tries to explain how, in the process
of such transformation, on the one hand, there is a final forgetting of a part of
documentary memory in general, and on the other – a temporary forgetting
of documentary historical memory.
Special attention is paid in the article to the issue of forgetting documentary
historical memory as a phenomenon associated with its irreparable loss under the influence of various force majeure circumstances and in cases of
deliberate liquidation. Meanwhile, the author scrutinizes, for the first time,
the interpretation of oblivion that developed in Russian archival practice,
and evaluates the decisive break with that practice – the break implemented
through the legislation of Catherine II.
“ENERGY, INDEFATIGABILITY AND AN HONEST ATTITUDE TO BUSINESS ARE VISIBLE EVERYWHERE”. DOCUMENTS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE PERSONAL SECURITY GUARD AND OF THE TRAIN OF ATAMAN G.M. SEMENOV, THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF ALL ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN EASTERN BORDER LAND (1920)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Parieva Lada R.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the analysis of the documents stored
in the fonds of the Russian State Military Archives and related to the
management of the train of ataman G.M. Semenov, the commander-in-chief
of all armed forces of the Russian Eastern border land, and his personal
guards who served on the train from April to October 1920. The main aspect
of this work is documentary. The example of a small unit shows the entire set
of the official documents that regulated and were used in the management
process. The article notes the compliance of the specific composition of the
identified documents with the system of the military documentation of the
pre-revolutionary period, characteristic of the “white” armies. Attention is
also drawn to the use, in the preparation and execution of the documents
and while working with them, of the normative acts issued before the Great
Russian Revolution of 1917, thus demonstrating the adherence to the
traditions of the Russian Imperial Army in the field of letter-writing and
office work. Regulations, instructions, orders, commands, reports, memos,
etc. allow studying the activities and the life of such a military unit as a
personal security guard and the train on which the commander-in-chief of
all armed forces of the Russian Eastern border land, made trips to the front.
UNDERGROUND PATRIOTIC ORGANIZATIONS OF M.A. KОRОBAN AND I.P. KONDRATOV IN CRIMEA IN 1943
Authors:   Crimean University of Culture, Arts and Tourism, Ivanov Vyacheslav A.
Published: January 2025

Based on the sources from the archival and museum fonds of the
Republic of Crimea introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the
article considers the formation and development of the underground patriotic
organizations of the city of Simferopol, of the Simferopol, Krasno-Perekopsky,
Ak-Sheikhsky (Razdolnensky) and Larindorf (Pervomaisky) regions of Crimea.
The focus of the article is directed to the issue of the functioning of the Crimean
underground organizations and groups, practically unknown in Russian
historiography. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that it
is largely based on the unpublished materials stored in the fonds of the State
Archives of the Republic of Crimea, the Archives of the City of Sevastopol, the
Municipal Archives of the Razdolnensky district of the Republic of Crimea,
the Feodosiya Museum of Antiquities, the Krasnoperekopsky Local History
Museum. A thorough analysis of historical documents allowed the author to
prove that the underground anti-fascists, led by M.A. Koroban (Koraban,
Karaban) and I.P. Kondratov, carried out active reconnaissance and sabotage
activities on the territory of occupied Crimea, organized the collection of
weapons and ammunition, released Soviet citizens and prisoners of war from
the Nazi captivity, and were able to establish close contacts with the Crimean
partisan movement, as well as with the state security agencies. All of the factors
listed above played an important role in the liberation of Crimea from the Nazi
invaders in the spring of 1944
Probabilistic Multiple poly Bernoulli Polynomials of the Second kind
Authors: Lee Si Hyeon , Chen li
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the probabilistic multiple poly Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind under the condition that Y is a random variable.  This means that we will consider the probabilistic extension of the multiple poly Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind and study to obtain some new results. Furthermore, we investigate their interesting properties.
Ulam Stability of a Pexiderized Additive-quadratic Equation
Authors: Dehghanian Mehdi , Sayyari Yamin , Donganont Siriluk , Park Choonkil
Published: January 2025

Suppose that $E$ is a normed space. In this work, using Brzd{\c{e}}k fixed point theorem, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of the Pexiderized  additive-quadratic functional equation\begin{align*}f(x+y)+f(x-y)+h(x+y)=2f(x)+2f(y)+h(x)+h(y)\end{align*}for all $x,y\in E$.
Subordinate Average Structures on Random Walks
Authors: M. Surya Priya  , N. Nathiya
Published: January 2025

In a random walk {N, p(x, y)} where N is an infinite graph and {p(x, y)} is a set of transition probabilities, if {p′(x, y)} is another set subordinate to the set {p(x, y)} such that p′(x, y) ≤ p(x, y) for all pairs (x, y) and p′(x, y) < p(x, y) for atleast one pair (x, y), then {N, p′(x, y)} can be identified as a Schr¨odinger network. In general, we consider the random walk {N, P ′} which is subordinate to {N, P} and discuss the relation between the classes of super-average functions defined by the transition probabilities sets {p(x, y)} and {p′(x, y)}. Moreover, we define {N, P ′} as parahyperbolic if 0 is the only bounded P ′-average function on N and study various potential-theoretic properties of parahyperbolic networks. We also give equivalent conditions for a random walk to be parahyperbolic. Finally, we discuss the relation between bounded P ′and P -average functions. average functions.
Sheffer Stroke BN-algebras and Connected Topics
Authors: Gemawati Sri , Mashadi  , Kartini  , Musraini  , Fitria Elsi
Published: January 2025

This article introduces the concept of a Sheffer stroke BN-algebra by applying the Sheffer stroke operator | to the BN-algebra axioms and aligning it with the axioms of the Sheffer stroke groupoid. From this definition, properties of Sheffer stroke BN algebras are derived, focusing on the relationship between the axioms and the properties of the special element 0. Furthermore, the notions of Sheffer stroke BN-subalgebras, BN-ideals, and BN-homomorphisms are defined, along with normal subsets of Sheffer stroke BN-algebras, and the relationships between these concepts are explored. It is shown that every normal subset in a Sheffer stroke BN-algebra is a Sheffer stroke BN-subalgebra, but the converse is not necessarily true. This implies that every normal BN-ideal in a Sheffer stroke BN-algebra is also a Sheffer stroke BN-subalgebra. Finally, the properties of the kernel of the Sheffer stroke BN-homomorphism are investigated.
La familia en el confinamiento: Emociones, convivencia, valoración y resiliencia
Authors: Fernández Poncela Anna María
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es una descripción, análisis e interpretación de la concepción y experiencias de la convivencia en familia, emociones, valorizaciones y resiliencia, en la pandemia y el confinamiento. Si bien se aporta información de algunas encuestas, la reflexión se centra en metodología cualitativa, testimonios que muestran la experiencia de la ciudadanía en este tema. Lo cual se realiza a través de entrevistas –30 entre población abierta de la ciudad de México y 30 a estudiantes universitarios, en 2020–. Se aplicaron de forma digital a través de diversas plataformas. Si bien dicha técnica de investigación cualitativa abarca varios ámbitos y se focaliza en parte en las emociones en la pandemia, el tema de la revalorización de la familia surgió de forma intensa y reiterada, con una fuerza propia y central, de ahí la necesidad e interés de su valoración y reflexión.
Se presenta una breve revisión teórica sobre emociones y emociones en tiempos de crisis. Se revisa bibliografía y documentación sobre la familia en la pandemia según organismos internacionales, y especialmente estudios concretos realizados sobre el tema. Se exponen y analizan las experiencias y testimonios de la población participante en esta investigación, centrados alrededor del papel de la familia en México en la época pandémica y el tema de quedarse en casa. Sobresalió el miedo y el estrés, las problemáticas económicas, sociales y sanitarias, la reflexión personal, la comprensión y contención familiar, y la resiliencia.
Se observa violencia y dificultades prácticas y emocionales de la convivencia forzada. Problemáticas sociales y económicas de sobrevivencia, falta de empleo o disminución de ingresos. Dolor por la enfermedad y pérdida de familiares. Miedo y estrés del contagio. Extrañar por no ver a familiares, compartir y convivir. Felicidad por la convivencia, el tiempo, actividades, conocimiento, profundización de lazos afectivos, esto es, la oportunidad de estar en familia. Ayuda económica y apoyo psicológico, fundamentalmente, por parte de la familia. En general, una revalorización de la familia, en especial en tiempos difíciles y complejos, y sobre todo en los sectores juveniles, todo ello según los testimonios de las personas entrevistadas sobre el tema.
Conductas sustentables en estudiantes de psicología: análisis comparativo por semestre de estudios, género, capacitación formal y ocupación
Authors: Galindo Ceja Ma de la Cruz , Duran Badillo Tirso , Vargas Ramos Catalina , Guerra Ordoñez Jesús Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: determinar si existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las conductas sustentables de los estudiantes de psicología, de acuerdo con el semestre en el que se encuentran, género, ocupación y capacitaciones formales previas. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y comparativo en una muestra de 301 estudiantes del programa educativo de Licenciatura en Psicología, se aplicaron las escalas de indignación por daño ambiental, intención para actuar, afinidad por la diversidad, frugalidad o austeridad, altruismo y conducta pro ecológica general. 
Resultados: No se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas de acuerdo con el semestre en el que se encontraban estudiando (p>.05). Se observó mayor indignación por daño ambiental (p=.000) y mayor conducta proecológica general (p=.001) en el género femenino en comparación con el masculino. Los estudiantes que reportaron haber recibido algún tipo de capacitación sobre conductas sustentables resultaron con mayor intención para actuar (p=.000) y mayor conducta proecológica general (p=.017) en comparación con los que reportaron no haber recibido capacitaciones. Las conductas sustentables son similares entre los que estudian y los que estudian y trabajan (p>.05). Conclusiones: En el diseño de intervenciones para el desarrollo de conductas sustentables es importante considerar el género y las capacitaciones previas.
APPLICATION OF LEGO PLAY THERAPY TO REDUCE ANXIETY LEVELS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN DUE TO HOSPITALIZATION
Authors: Budiyati Budiyati , Firmansyah Bayu
Published: January 2025

Anxiety is one of the responses of preschoolers who are undergoing hospitalization. Hospitalization often causes trauma to the child and sometimes makes the child cry, and refuses to cooperate during treatment. To overcome anxiety in preschoolers, the role of nurses in providing interventions must pay attention to the needs of children according to their growth and development. One of the activities to reduce anxiety in preschoolers is to provide lego play therapy. The purpose of proving EBNP by applying lego play therapy to reduce anxiety levels in preschool children in the age range of 3-6 years who are undergoing hospitalization. The design used is a descriptive method involving 3 respondents of preschool children, the instrument used is using  the Preschool Anxiety Revised Scale (PASR) questionnaire. The action given is lego play therapy 6 times for 3 days with a duration of 20-30 minutes. The conclusion is that there is an effect of Lego play therapy on anxiety levels in children aged 3 – 6 years during hospitalization.
THE ROLE RESILIENCE AND ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY IN INCREASING ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT OF UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Kiftiyah Kiftiyah , Farida Ika Andrini , Wiyono Bambang Budi , Hitipeuw Imanuel
Published: January 2025

Academic Engagement is an important concern considering that nursing students will be directly involved with patients and provide nursing care to patients directly. Ideally, undergraduate nursing students in the emerging adulthood phase have a high level of academic engagement. However, reality shows that there are still many students with relatively low levels of academic engagement. This will later have an impact on low academic achievement, low student competence, increased disengagement and increased drop out rates among students. Previous research results show that academic engagement is related to academic resilience and academic self-efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the influence of academic resilience and academic self-efficacy on the academic engagement of undergraduate nursing students. This type of research is correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was 312 undergraduate nursing students from STIKes Dian Husada Mojokerto with a sampling technique using stratified random sampling. Statistical analysis uses multiple linear regression. The research results show that academic resilience and academic self-efficacy influence the academic engagement of nursing students.
COMPARISON OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE ZIEHL-NEELSEN METHOD WITH THE MOLECULAR RAPID TEST METHOD IN THE EXAMINATION OF BTA IN THE SPUTUM OF PATIENTS SUSPECTED OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Roswidianah Erna , Diana Sulis , Anggreni Dhonna
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary tuberculosis or pulmonary TB is a disease that is easilytransmitted through the air from the source of transmission, namely BTA positiveTB patients when coughing or sneezing, patients spread germs into the air in theform of sputum splashes. For this reason, an examination method that has highsensitivity and specificity is needed as a tool for early detection of Pulmonary TB.Research Objective: To study the comparison of the sensitivity and specificity ofthe Ziehl-neelsen method and the Molecular Rapid Test method in examining BTAin the sputum of TB suspected patients at the Puskesmas against the gold standardusing BTA culture.This study is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design.The population in this study were all patients suspected of having Pulmonary TBwho came to the Kupang Health Center, Jetis Health Center, and Gedeg HealthCenter who performed microscopic and culture examinations in the laboratoryduring 2023. Sample selection used simple random sampling method with a samplesize of 60 patients. The hypothesis was proven using the Kappa test.Results: the sensitivity and specificity of the Ziehl-Neelsen method BTAexamination were 60% and 100%, while the sensitivity and specificity of theMolecular Rapid Test method examination were 100% and 100%. The results ofthe Cohen's Kappa test showed that between the Ziehl-Neelsen and MolecularRapid Test methods both had high sensitivity and specificity (Kappa; 0.733).Conclusions and advice: Based on the results of the study, the molecularrapid test method has a higher sensitivity than the Ziehl-Neelsen method. Thismethod can be recommended for early detection of pulmonary TB
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF “GERINTING” AS A SIMULTANEOUS INTERVENTION TO PREVENT STUNTING IN MOJOKERTO REGENCY
Authors: Yani Lasiyati Yuswo , Yulianti Indra
Published: January 2025

Strategies for solving the stunting problem so far are still limited to curative and rehabilitative targets for targets who have been diagnosed with stunting. A problem strategy is needed that focuses on promotive and preventive efforts targeting the community (community) so that the chain of stunting can be broken. The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of the Gerinting movement in Kab. Mojokerto. The design of this research is a quasi-experimental one group pretest posttest design. The research subjects were determined using purposive sampling, namely posyandu at UPT. Jetis Health Center. Data collection uses a questionnaire. The results of the normality test showed that the data was not normally distributed. Hypothesis testing used the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that there was an increase in the mean knowledge score of mothers before the Gerinting movement was 32.80 (SD=9.768), after the Gerinting movement the mean knowledge score was 87.10 (SD=5.677) and the mean action score of mothers before mentoring was 25.83 (SD = 19.122), after providing assistance in the form of counseling, demonstrations and practicums to cadres, the average action score increased to 79.17 (SD = 9.476). In the statistical test results, there was a significant difference before and after the intervention was given with a value of 0.000, (p<0.05). This shows that there is an influence of the Gerinting movement on mothers' knowledge and actions regarding stunting.
WOMEN IN POLITICS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REPRESENTATION IN INDIA
Authors: M N Suresh Kumar
Published: January 2025

The representation of women in politics is a critical issue in India, where gender disparities continue to persist despite constitutional guarantees of equality. This paper provides a comparative analysis of women’s political representation in India, examining historical trends, key milestones, challenges, and efforts aimed at enhancing female participation in governance. Women in India have had a long and varied political history, with significant early contributions by leaders like Sarojini Naidu and Indira Gandhi. However, despite these prominent figures, women’s representation in Indian politics has remained disproportionately low compared to their male counterparts. Historically, the political space in India has been shaped by deep-rooted patriarchal values, limiting women’s access to political power and decision-making positions. Various initiatives, such as the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments in 1992, which reserved one-third of seats for women in local government bodies, and the proposed Women’s Reservation Bill, have aimed at improving women’s representation in politics. However, despite these measures, national and state-level representation continues to be far below global standards, with women holding only a small percentage of seats in Parliament and State Assemblies.This paper highlights the key barriers women face in Indian politics, including societal attitudes, lack of political training, financial constraints, and gender-based violence. It also compares India’s progress with other nations that have successfully implemented gender parity policies, such as Rwanda and Sweden. The paper concludes by discussing possible solutions, such as gender quotas, greater party support, and education initiatives, to foster a more inclusive political environment. Ultimately, the goal is to ensure that women in India can participate fully in the political process and contribute to the country’s governance on equal terms with men.
GENDER ISSUES OF GLOBALISATION AMONG WOMEN: THE HILLS OF MANIPUR
Authors: Raman Wonkhuimi , Khuptong C. Niangboi
Published: January 2025

This research article explores the multifaceted gender issues that arise from the process of globalization, particularly focusing on the women of the hill regions in Manipur, India. The study examines how globalization has affected the socio-economic, cultural, and political lives of these women, often amplifying existing inequalities while offering limited opportunities for empowerment. Through an intersectional lens, the research highlights the dual marginalization faced by women in these remote regions—both as women and as members of indigenous communities. Key areas such as labor market participation, access to education, healthcare, and political representation are analyzed, alongside the impact of global consumerism on local traditions and identities. The findings suggest that while globalization has brought about certain economic benefits, it has also entrenched patriarchal norms and widened the gender divide. The study calls for more inclusive and gender-sensitive policies that address the unique challenges faced by women in Manipur’s hills, ensuring that globalization becomes a tool for empowerment rather than further marginalization.
THERMOPLASTIC STARCH BASED POLYMER BLENDS: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND ANALYSIS OF STABILITY
Authors: J V Benlin Giftna , S Begila David
Published: January 2025

In the present work, thermoplastic starch from cassava starch was grafted with epoxy derived from castor oil polyol. Fresh starch, prepared from cassava root tuber was polymerised and blended with epoxy in different compositions leading to variations in properties. The synthesized polymer blends could be filled or reinforced with nano-silica for effective functionality by eco-friendly means. The synthesized blends were characterized using FT-IR, Scanning Electron Microscope, EDAX and the water uptake percentage and soil bio-degradability were studied. Further, mechanical and thermal stability of the blends were characterised. With further developments, these starch-based nanocomposites can be expected to replace conventional polymers for variety of applications.
A Study on the Intervention of Hand Skills in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review
Authors:   The Korean Society of Cognitive Therapeutic Exercise, Kim Min-Seo , Kim Si-Hyun , Jung Ah-Hyoun , Kim Ji Won , Amaba Elaine Judith Lim Amaba Elaine Judith Lim , An Sun-Joung Leigh
Published: January 2025

This study aims to review the literature on hand skill interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and examine the characteristics of these interventions, as well as the differences between domestic and international approaches. A total of six papers, three domestic and three international, were selected through primary and secondary screening based on inclusion criteria from databases including DBPIA, KISS, Kyobo Scholar, EMBASE, PubMed, IEEExplore, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published between 2014 and 2024. On average, domestic studies involved four participants, while international studies involved 16.7 participants, with the majority of participants being boys aged 6-11. The interventions used domestically and internationally include lightbox training, sensory integration programs, motor programs, goal management training, and gesture-based games, with lightbox training being the most frequently used. The interventions were conducted over an average of 10 weeks, with 25.4 sessions, each lasting 44.25 minutes. The most commonly used assessment tool for hand skills was BOT-2. The interventions in the selected studies showed positive effects on reaching, grasping, and bilateral coordination, although none targeted in-hand manipulation or carrying skills. In conclusion, recent studies on hand skill interventions for children with ASD have demonstrated improvements not only in reaching, grasping, and bilateral coordination, but also in gross motor skills. However, research on interventions related to in-hand manipulation and carrying is currently insufficient, with further studies required in this area.