bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hospitalisation Resulting from Medicine-Related Problems in Adult Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Hamid Abdullah , Aslanpour Zoe , Aljadhey Hisham , Ghaleb Maisoon
Published: May 2016

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes (DM) are two interrelated conditions that have a heavy morbidity and mortality burden worldwide. Patients with the two conditions usually take multiple medicines and thus are more susceptible to medicine-related problems (MRPs). MRPs can occur at any stage of the treatment process and in many cases can lead to unplanned hospitalisations. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of hospitalisation resulting from MRPs in adult patients with CVDs and/or DM and to identify the main causes, risk factors, and medicine classes involved. A retrospective study included 300 adult patients from two hospitals, one in the United Kingdom and one in Saudi Arabia. To identify MRPs, medical records were reviewed for demographic data, clinical data, laboratory assay, and prescription records. A total of 197 (65.7%) patients had MRPs, of which less than 10% were severe. The main problems were lack of treatment effectiveness and adverse drug reactions. Moreover, polypharmacy and patient non-adherence were the main risk factors contributing to MRPs. The main medicine classes associated with MRPs were insulin and antihypertensive medicines. Further research should address the pharmaceutical care processes employed in treating CVDs and DM, and to empower patients/healthcare providers in tackling MRPs.
Isolation and Characterization of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus UAE-HKU23 from Dromedaries of the Middle East: Minimal Serological Cross-Reactivity between MERS Coronavirus and Dromedary Camel Coronavirus UAE-HKU23
Authors: Woo Patrick , Lau Susanna , Fan Rachel , Lau Candy , Wong Emily , Joseph Sunitha , Tsang Alan , Wernery Renate , Yip Cyril , Tsang Chi-Ching , Wernery Ulrich , Yuen Kwok-Yung
Published: May 2016

Recently, we reported the discovery of a dromedary camel coronavirus UAE-HKU23 (DcCoV UAE-HKU23) from dromedaries in the Middle East. In this study, DcCoV UAE-HKU23 was successfully isolated in two of the 14 dromedary fecal samples using HRT-18G cells, with cytopathic effects observed five days after inoculation. Northern blot analysis revealed at least seven distinct RNA species, corresponding to predicted subgenomic mRNAs and confirming the core sequence of transcription regulatory sequence motifs as 5′-UCUAAAC-3′ as we predicted previously. Antibodies against DcCoV UAE-HKU23 were detected in 58 (98.3%) and 59 (100%) of the 59 dromedary sera by immunofluorescence and neutralization antibody tests, respectively. There was significant correlation between the antibody titers determined by immunofluorescence and neutralization assays (Pearson coefficient = 0.525, p < 0.0001). Immunization of mice using recombinant N proteins of DcCoV UAE-HKU23 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), respectively, and heat-inactivated DcCoV UAE-HKU23 showed minimal cross-antigenicity between DcCoV UAE-HKU23 and MERS-CoV by Western blot and neutralization antibody assays. Codon usage and genetic distance analysis of RdRp, S and N genes showed that the 14 strains of DcCoV UAE-HKU23 formed a distinct cluster, separated from those of other closely related members of Betacoronavirus 1, including alpaca CoV, confirming that DcCoV UAE-HKU23 is a novel member of Betacoronavirus 1.
Study on the Application of the Combination of TMD Simulation and Umbrella Sampling in PMF Calculation for Molecular Conformational Transitions
Authors: Wang Qing , Xue Tuo , Song Chunnian , Wang Yan , Chen Guangju
Published: May 2016

Free energy calculations of the potential of mean force (PMF) based on the combination of targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) simulations and umbrella samplings as a function of physical coordinates have been applied to explore the detailed pathways and the corresponding free energy profiles for the conformational transition processes of the butane molecule and the 35-residue villin headpiece subdomain (HP35). The accurate PMF profiles for describing the dihedral rotation of butane under both coordinates of dihedral rotation and root mean square deviation (RMSD) variation were obtained based on the different umbrella samplings from the same TMD simulations. The initial structures for the umbrella samplings can be conveniently selected from the TMD trajectories. For the application of this computational method in the unfolding process of the HP35 protein, the PMF calculation along with the coordinate of the radius of gyration (Rg) presents the gradual increase of free energies by about 1 kcal/mol with the energy fluctuations. The feature of conformational transition for the unfolding process of the HP35 protein shows that the spherical structure extends and the middle α-helix unfolds firstly, followed by the unfolding of other α-helices. The computational method for the PMF calculations based on the combination of TMD simulations and umbrella samplings provided a valuable strategy in investigating detailed conformational transition pathways for other allosteric processes.
Viewing Geometry Sensitivity of Commonly Used Vegetation Indices towards the Estimation of Biophysical Variables in Orchards
Authors: Van Beek Jonathan , Tits Laurent , Somers Ben , Deckers Tom , Janssens Pieter , Coppin Pol
Published: May 2016

Stress-related biophysical variables of capital intensive orchard crops can be estimated with proxies via spectral vegetation indices from off-nadir viewing satellite imagery. However, variable viewing compositions affect the relationship between spectral vegetation indices and stress-related variables (i.e., chlorophyll content, water content and Leaf Area Index (LAI)) and could obstruct change detection. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the estimation of biophysical variables via vegetation indices for a wide range of viewing geometries. Subsequently, off-nadir viewing satellite imagery of an experimental orchard was analyzed, while all influences of background admixture were minimized through vegetation index normalization. Results indicated significant differences between nadir and off-nadir viewing scenes (∆R2 > 0.4). The Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI), Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII) and Simple Ratio Pigment Index (SRPI) showed increased R2 values for off-nadir scenes taken perpendicular compared to parallel to row orientation. Other indices, such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Gitelson and Merzlyak (GM) and Structure Insensitive Pigment Index (SIPI), showed a significant decrease in R2 values from nadir to off-nadir viewing scenes. These results show the necessity of vegetation index selection for variable viewing applications to obtain an optimal derivation of biophysical variables in all circumstances.
Wearable Structured Light System in Non-Rigid Configuration
Authors: Paniagua Carmen , López-Nicolás Gonzalo , Guerrero José
Published: May 2016

Traditionally, structured light methods have been studied in rigid configurations. In these configurations the position and orientation between the light emitter and the camera are fixed and known beforehand. In this paper we break with this rigidness and present a new structured light system in non-rigid configuration. This system is composed by a wearable standard perspective camera and a simple laser emitter. Our non-rigid configuration permits free motion of the light emitter with respect to the camera. The point-based pattern emitted by the laser permits us to easily establish correspondences between the image from the camera and a virtual one generated from the light emitter. Using these correspondences, our method computes rotation and translation up to scale of the planes of the scene where the point pattern is projected and reconstructs them. This constitutes a very useful tool for navigation applications in indoor environments, which are mainly composed of planar surfaces.
Experimental Study on the Microstructure Evolution of Mixed Disposal Paste in Surface Subsidence Areas
Authors: Sun Wei , Wu Aixiang , Hou Kepeng , Yang Yi , Liu Lei , Wen Yiming
Published: May 2016

The integrated disposal of surface subsidence pits and surface solid waste can be realized by backfilling a surface subsidence area with a paste made from the solid wastes of mines, such as tailings and waste rock. The microstructures of these wastes determine the macroscopic properties of a paste backfill. This paper presents an experimental study on the internal structure evolution of pasty fluid mixed with different waste rock concentrations (10%, 30%, and 50%) and cement dosages (1% and 2%) under damage. To this end, a real-time computed tomography (CT) scan is conducted using medical CT and a small loading device. Results show that UCS (uniaxial compressive strength) increases when the amount of cement increases. Given a constant amount of cement, UCS increases first and then decreases as waste rock content increases. UCS is maximized at 551 kPa when the waste rock content is 30%. The paste body is a typical medium used to investigate initial damage, which mainly consists of microholes, pores, and microcracks. The initial damages also exhibit a high degree of random inhomogeneity. After loading, cracks are initiated and expand gradually from the original damage location until the overall damages are generated. The mesostructure evolution model of the paste body is divided into six categories, and this mesostructure is reasonable when the waste rock content is 30%.
Characterization of Novel Microsatellite Loci for Primula poissonii (Primulaceae) Using High-Throughput Sequencing Technology
Authors: Liu Yun-Jiao , Zhang Cai-Yun , Hao Gang , Ge Xue-Jun , Yan Hai-Fei
Published: May 2016

Primula poissonii (Primulaceae) is a perennial herb, widely distributed in the Hengduan Mountain region of Southwest China. In this study, Roche 454 pyrosequencing was used to isolate microsatellite markers. A total of 4528 unique sequences were identified from 68,070 unique reads. Of these, eighty-seven microsatellite loci were screened for utility using two criteria: successful PCR amplification and variation of these loci within three wild P. poissonii populations. Twenty loci were successfully amplified and exhibited polymorphic alleles. The number of observed alleles ranged from 1 to 9 with an average of 3.5. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.087 to 1.000 and from 0.124 to 0.828, respectively. Among these SSR loci, only the P69 locus could not be cross-amplified successfully in two closely related species P. wilsonii and P. anisodora. The microsatellite loci developed in this study will be useful for studying genetic diversity and speciation events between P. poissonii and closely related Primula species.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector and Electrospray Ionization Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Evaluate Ginseng Roots and Rhizomes from Different Regions
Authors: Wang Hong-Ping , Zhang You-Bo , Yang Xiu-Wei , Yang Xin-Bao , Xu Wei , Xu Feng , Cai Shao-Qing , Wang Ying-Ping , Xu Yong-Hua , Zhang Lian-Xue
Published: May 2016

Ginseng, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, is an industrial crop in China and Korea. The functional components in ginseng roots and rhizomes are characteristic ginsenosides. This work developed a new high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry (LC–ESI-IT-TOF-MSn) method to identify the triterpenoids. Sixty compounds (1–60) including 58 triterpenoids were identified from the ginseng cultivated in China. Substances 1, 2, 7, 15–20, 35, 39, 45–47, 49, 55–57, 59, and 60 were identified for the first time. To evaluate the quality of ginseng cultivated in Northeast China, this paper developed a practical liquid chromatography–diode array detection (LC–DAD) method to simultaneously quantify 14 interesting ginsenosides in ginseng collected from 66 different producing areas for the first time. The results showed the quality of ginseng roots and rhizomes from different sources was different due to growing environment, cultivation technology, and so on. The developed LC–ESI-IT-TOF-MSn method can be used to identify many more ginsenosides and the LC–DAD method can be used not only to assess the quality of ginseng, but also to optimize the cultivation conditions for the production of ginsenosides.
Mouth Rinsing with Maltodextrin Solutions Fails to Improve Time Trial Endurance Cycling Performance in Recreational Athletes
Authors: Kulaksız Tuğba , Koşar Şükran , Bulut Suleyman , Güzel Yasemin , Willems Marcus , Hazir Tahir , Turnagöl Hüseyin
Published: May 2016

The carbohydrate (CHO) concentration of a mouth rinsing solution might influence the CHO sensing receptors in the mouth, with consequent activation of brain regions involved in reward, motivation and regulation of motor activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of maltodextrin mouth rinsing with different concentrations (3%, 6% and 12%) after an overnight fast on a 20 km cycling time trial performance. Nine recreationally active, healthy males (age: 24 ± 2 years; V ˙ O 2 m a x : 47 ± 5 mL·kg−1·min−1) participated in this study. A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study was conducted. Participants mouth-rinsed every 2.5 km for 5 s. Maltodextrin mouth rinse with concentrations of 3%, 6% or 12% did not change time to complete the time trial and power output compared to placebo (p > 0.05). Time trial completion times were 40.2 ± 4.0, 40.1 ± 3.9, 40.1 ± 4.4, and 39.3 ± 4.2 min and power output 205 ± 22, 206 ± 25, 210 ± 24, and 205 ± 23 W for placebo, 3%, 6%, and 12% maltodextrin conditions, respectively. Heart rate, lactate, glucose, and rating of perceived exertion did not differ between trials (p > 0.05). In conclusion, mouth rinsing with different maltodextrin concentrations after an overnight fast did not affect the physiological responses and performance during a 20 km cycling time trial in recreationally active males.
Reproducibility and Relative Validity of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire in 9–10 Year-Old Children
Authors: Saeedi Pouya , Skeaff Sheila , Wong Jyh , Skidmore Paula
Published: May 2016

The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility and validity of a non-quantitative 28-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Children aged 9–10 years (n = 50) from three schools in Dunedin, New Zealand, completed the FFQ twice and a four-day estimated food diary (4DEFD) over a two-week period. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Spearman’s correlation coefficients (SCC) were used to determine reproducibility and validity of the FFQ, respectively. Weekly intakes were estimated for each food item and aggregated into 23 food items/groups. More than half of the food items/groups (52.2%) had an ICC ≥0.5. The median SCC between FFQ administrations was 0.66 (ranging from 0.40 for processed meat to 0.82 for sweets and non-dairy drinks). Cross-classification analysis between the first FFQ and 4DEFD for ranking participants into thirds showed that breakfast cereals had the highest agreement (54.0%) and pasta the lowest (34.0%). In validity analyses, 70% of food items/groups had a SCC ≥0.3. Results indicate that the FFQ is a useful tool for ranking children according to food items/groups intake. The low respondent burden and relative simplicity of the FFQ makes it suitable for use in large cohort studies of 9–10 year-old children in New Zealand.
The Potential Protective Effects of Polyphenols in Asbestos-Mediated Inflammation and Carcinogenesis of Mesothelium
Authors: Benvenuto Monica , Mattera Rosanna , Taffera Gloria , Giganti Maria , Lido Paolo , Masuelli Laura , Modesti Andrea , Bei Roberto
Published: May 2016

Malignant Mesothelioma (MM) is a tumor of the serous membranes linked to exposure to asbestos. A chronic inflammatory response orchestrated by mesothelial cells contributes to the development and progression of MM. The evidence that: (a) multiple signaling pathways are aberrantly activated in MM cells; (b) asbestos mediated-chronic inflammation has a key role in MM carcinogenesis; (c) the deregulation of the immune system might favor the development of MM; and (d) a drug might have a better efficacy when injected into a serous cavity thus bypassing biotransformation and reaching an effective dose has prompted investigations to evaluate the effects of polyphenols for the therapy and prevention of MM. Dietary polyphenols are able to inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting multiple signaling pathways, reducing inflammation, and modulating immune response. The ability of polyphenols to modulate the production of pro-inflammatory molecules by targeting signaling pathways or ROS might represent a key mechanism to prevent and/or to contrast the development of MM. In this review, we will report the current knowledge on the ability of polyphenols to modulate the immune system and production of mediators of inflammation, thus revealing an important tool in preventing and/or counteracting the growth of MM.
Light and Temperature as Dual Stimuli Lead to Self-Assembly of Hyperbranched Azobenzene-Terminated Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
Authors: Huang Wenyan , Yang Jing , Xia Yunqing , Wang Xuezi , Xue Xiaoqiang , Yang Hongjun , Wang Guifang , Jiang Bibiao , Li Fang , Komarneni Sridhar
Published: May 2016

Hyperbranched poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s (HBPNIPAMs) end-capped with different azobenzene chromophores (HBPNIPAM-Azo-OC3H7, HBPNIPAM-Azo-OCH3, HBPNIPAM-Azo, and HBPNIPAM-Azo-COOH) were successfully synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N-isopropylacrylamide using different azobenzene-functional initiators. All HBPNIPAMs showed a similar highly branched structure, similar content of azobenzene chromophores, and similar absolute weight/average molecular weight. The different azobenzene structures at the end of the HBPNIPAMs exhibited reversible trans-cis-trans isomerization behavior under alternating UV and Vis irradiation, which lowered the critical solution temperature (LCST) due to different self-assembling behaviors. The spherical aggregates of HBPNIPAM-Azo-OC3H7 and HBPNIPAM-Azo-OCH3 containing hydrophobic para substituents either changed to bigger nanorods or increased in number, leading to a change in LCST of −2.0 and −1.0 °C, respectively, after UV irradiation. However, the unimolecular aggregates of HBPNIPAM-Azo were unchanged, while the unstable multimolecular particles of HBPNIPAM-Azo-COOH end-capped with strongly polar carboxyl groups partly dissociated to form a greater number of unimolecular aggregates and led to an LCST increase of 1.0 °C.
Evaluation of HY-2A Scatterometer Wind Vectors Using Data from Buoys, ERA-Interim and ASCAT during 2012–2014
Authors: Xing Jianyong , Shi Jiancheng , Lei Yonghui , Huang Xiang-Yu , Liu Zhiquan
Published: May 2016

The first Chinese operational Ku-band scatterometer on board Haiyang-2A (HY-2A), launched in August 2011, is designed for monitoring the global ocean surface wind. This study estimates the quality of the near-real-time (NRT) retrieval wind speed and wind direction from the HY-2A scatterometer for 36 months from 2012 to 2014. We employed three types of sea-surface wind data from oceanic moored buoys operated by the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and the Tropical Atmospheric Ocean project (TAO), the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) reanalysis data (ERA-Interim), and the advanced scatterometer (ASCAT) to calculate the error statistics including mean bias, root mean square error (RMSE), and standard deviation. In addition, the rain effects on the retrieval winds were investigated using collocated Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH) precipitation data. All data were collocated with the HY-2A scatterometer wind data for comparison. The quality performances of the HY-2A NRT wind vectors data (especially the wind speeds) were satisfactory throughout the service period. The RMSEs of the HY-2A wind speeds relative to the NDBC, TAO, ERA-Interim, and ASCAT data were 1.94, 1.73, 2.25, and 1.62 m·s−1, respectively. The corresponding RMSEs of the wind direction were 46.63°, 43.11°, 39.93°, and 47.47°, respectively. The HY-2A scatterometer overestimated low wind speeds, especially under rainy conditions. Rain exerted a diminishing effect on the wind speed retrievals with increasing wind speed, but its effect on wind direction was robust at low and moderate wind speeds. Relative to the TAO buoy data, the RMSEs without rain effect were reduced to 1.2 m·s−1 and 39.68° for the wind speed direction, respectively, regardless of wind speed. By investigating the objective laws between rain and the retrieval winds from HY-2A, we could improve the quality of wind retrievals through future studies.
Improved Reconstruction of Radio Holographic Signal for Forward Scatter Radar Imaging
Authors: Hu Cheng , Liu Changjiang , Wang Rui , Zeng Tao
Published: May 2016

Forward scatter radar (FSR), as a specially configured bistatic radar, is provided with the capabilities of target recognition and classification by the Shadow Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (SISAR) imaging technology. This paper mainly discusses the reconstruction of radio holographic signal (RHS), which is an important procedure in the signal processing of FSR SISAR imaging. Based on the analysis of signal characteristics, the method for RHS reconstruction is improved in two parts: the segmental Hilbert transformation and the reconstruction of mainlobe RHS. In addition, a quantitative analysis of the method’s applicability is presented by distinguishing between the near field and far field in forward scattering. Simulation results validated the method’s advantages in improving the accuracy of RHS reconstruction and imaging.
Study on the Evolvement of Technology Development and Energy Efficiency—A Case Study of the Past 30 Years of Development in Shanghai
Authors: Wei William , Chen Dezhi , Hu Daiping
Published: May 2016

Previous research in regional energy efficiency by using macro statistical data has demonstrated that technology development could improve regional energy efficiency. Since the start of reform and opening up in 1978, China has mainly adopted energy import and foreign direct investment to promote economic growth. At the same time, the country has also increased the input of technology and R&D to prompt technological reformation and imported technology absorption. However, there is limited research on the relationship between technology development and energy efficiency. Using the grounded theory method, the authors of this paper study the relationship between technology input-output and energy utilization efficiency in Shanghai over the past 30 years. They conclude that although the tactics of technology import and foreign direct investment can improve energy efficiency in the initial stages of modern industrialization, they cannot improve it continuously. In the more advanced stages of modern industrialization, the improvement of energy efficiency relies not only on increased R&D investment but also on R&D investment structure optimization and independent technological innovation.
Historical Trends in Mean and Extreme Runoff and Streamflow Based on Observations and Climate Models
Authors: Asadieh Behzad , Krakauer Nir , Fekete Balázs
Published: May 2016

To understand changes in global mean and extreme streamflow volumes over recent decades, we statistically analyzed runoff and streamflow simulated by the WBM-plus hydrological model using either observational-based meteorological inputs from WATCH Forcing Data (WFD), or bias-corrected inputs from five global climate models (GCMs) provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP). Results show that the bias-corrected GCM inputs yield very good agreement with the observation-based inputs in average magnitude of runoff and streamflow. On global average, the observation-based simulated mean runoff and streamflow both decreased about 1.3% from 1971 to 2001. However, GCM-based simulations yield increasing trends over that period, with an inter-model global average of 1% for mean runoff and 0.9% for mean streamflow. In the GCM-based simulations, relative changes in extreme runoff and extreme streamflow (annual maximum daily values and annual-maximum seven-day streamflow) are slightly greater than those of mean runoff and streamflow, in terms of global and continental averages. Observation-based simulations show increasing trend in mean runoff and streamflow for about one-half of the land areas and decreasing trend for the other half. However, mean and extreme runoff and streamflow based on the GCMs show increasing trend for approximately two-thirds of the global land area and decreasing trend for the other one-third. Further work is needed to understand why GCM simulations appear to indicate trends in streamflow that are more positive than those suggested by climate observations, even where, as in ISI-MIP, bias correction has been applied so that their streamflow climatology is realistic.
Impacts of Climate and Land Use/Cover Change on Streamflow Using SWAT and a Separation Method for the Xiying River Basin in Northwestern China
Authors: Guo Jing , Su Xiaoling , Singh Vijay , Jin Jiming
Published: May 2016

A better understanding of the effects of climate change and land use/cover change (LUCC) on streamflow promotes the long-term water planning and management in the arid regions of northwestern China. In this paper, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and a separation approach were used to evaluate and separate the effects of climate change and LUCC on streamflow in the Xiying River basin. The SWAT model was calibrated by the hydro-meteorological data from 1980–1989 to obtain the optimum parameters, which were validated by the subsequent application to the period between 1990–2008. Moreover, streamflow under several scenarios with different climate change and land use conditions in 1990–2008 and 2010–2069 were further investigated. Results indicate that, in the period of 1990–2008, the streamflow was dominated by climate change (i.e., changes in precipitation and temperature), which led to a 102.8% increase in the mean annual streamflow, whereas LUCC produced a decrease of 2.8%. Furthermore, in the future period of 2010–2039, the mean annual streamflow will decrease by 5.4% and 4.5% compared with the data of 1961–1990 under scenarios A2 and B2, respectively, while it will decrease by 21.2% and 16.9% in the period of 2040–2069, respectively.
Characterization of microsatellites identified by next‐generation sequencing in the Neotropical tree Handroanthus billbergii (Bignoniaceae)
Authors: Morillo Eduardo , Buitron Johanna , Limongi Ricardo , Vignes Helene , Argout Xavier
Published: May 2016

Premise of the study:

We developed microsatellite (simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers in the Neotropical tree Handroanthus billbergii (Bignoniaceae), to be applied in assessment of genetic diversity in this species as a reference for inferring the impact of dry forest fragmentation in Ecuador.

Methods and Results:

Using next‐generation sequencing, we detected a total of 26,893 putative SSRs reported here. Using an ABI 3500xl sequencer, we identified and characterized a set of polymorphic markers in 23 individuals belonging to three populations of H. billbergii.

Conclusions:

We report a set of 30 useful SSR markers for H. billbergii and a large list of potential microsatellites for developing new markers for this or related species.
1H-Imidazol-4(5H)-ones and thiazol-4(5H)-ones as emerging pronucleophiles in asymmetric catalysis
Authors: Mielgo Antonia , Palomo Claudio
Published: May 2016

Asymmetric catalysis represents a very powerful tool for the synthesis of enantiopure compounds. In this context the main focus has been directed not only to the search for new efficient chiral catalysts, but also to the development of efficient pronucleophiles. This review highlights the utility and first examples of 1H-imidazol-4(5H)-ones and thiazol-4(5H)-ones as pronucleophiles in catalytic asymmetric reactions.
A propos de deux cas, la souffrance de la stérilité chez l’homme : de la souffrance objectale à la souffrance identitaire
Authors: Jaoul Monique
Published: May 2016

La souffrance de l’infertilité chez l’homme peut prendre plusieurs aspects. Elle peut avoir une dimension narcissique lorsqu’elle remet en cause sa virilité, tant fécondité et virilité sont associées dans l’imaginaire commun ; elle peut avoir une dimension objectale, être tournée vers l’autre, l’autre conjugal « faire cadeau d’un enfant à sa compagne », mais aussi vers l’autre parental « donner un petit enfant à ses parents ». Elle peut avoir aussi une dimension identitaire que la proposition de don de gamète, lorsque la stérilité est définitive, ne saurait apaiser si elle survient trop tôt. Quelques études psycho dynamiques se sont intéressées aux processus psychiques mis en place pour faire face au traumatisme. Elles montrent chez 2/3 des sujets examinés un fonctionnement psychique « abrasé » d’où les conflits et les émotions sont exclus, signalant la dimension traumatique de l’impasse procréative et de la médicalisation de la procréation. Cette attitude défensive pourra donner le change et faire croire à une bonne adaptation à la situation. Si elle protège partiellement, elle aura tendance à figer le travail d’élaboration des blessures de l’infertilité. La prise en charge est donc difficile et il sera souvent nécessaire d’aider le couple dans un premier temps pour permettre l’ouverture d’une parole pour l’expression de la souffrance de l’homme infertile.
Preventing Proximal Adjacent Level Kyphosis With Strap Stabilization
Authors: Zaghloul Khaled M. , Matoian Brett J. , Denardin Nicholas B. , Patel Vikas V.
Published: May 2016

A substantial proportion of patients develop proximal junctional kyphosis following spinal surgery. To combat this postoperative change, several techniques have focused on maintaining the structural integrity of adjacent spinal levels and adapting the proximal end of the fusion construct to accommodate the increased mechanical stressors produced by long spinal fusion. The use of Mersilene tape (Ethicon, Somerville, New Jersey) for spine and orthopedic surgery is well documented, although considerably less is known about its use for preventing proximal junctional kyphosis. This article describes a proposed technique using Mersilene tape to provide a check-rein strap stabilization at the proximal end of fusion constructs. Initial data suggest that use of this technique may prevent formation of proximal junctional kyphosis. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(4):e794–e799.]
Un magistrat passionné d’étruscologie  : Charles Casati (1833-1919)
Authors: Briquel Dominique
Published: May 2016

Charles Casati (1833-1919), magistrat passionné d’étruscologie et collectionneur d’antiquités étrusques, voulut faire œuvre de savant et présenta de nombreuses communications sur ce peuple et sa langue à l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres. Celles-ci apparaissent aujourd’hui totalement dépassées, mais elles sont représentatives d’une époque où une approche réellement scientifique de la discipline était seulement en train de se mettre en place – marginalisant définitivement des amateurs de son genre.
Des «  rites de passage  » avant van Gennep  : les cérémonies funéraires dans les traités antiquaires et «  ethnographiques  » de la première modernité (xvie-xviiie siècle)
Authors: Grosse Christian
Published: May 2016

Rappelant le travail d’archéologie de l’ethnologie et de l’histoire comparée des religions auquel Arnold van Gennep se livre entre 1905 et 1920, ce texte montre qu’il remonte progressivement jusqu’à l’ouvrage de l’antiquaire Claude Guichard, Funérailles et diverses manières d’ensevelir des Romains, Grecs et autres nations (1581), identifié comme l’un des premiers témoignages de la «  méthode comparative  ». En suivant un cheminement similaire, l’article met en évidence la manière dont se construit et se diffuse, dès la Renaissance, à partir des travaux des antiquaires, des récits de voyages et d’une science des cérémonies d’État en formation, un vaste corpus de connaissances comparatives sur les rites funéraires «  de tous les peuples du monde  » et, dans une certaine mesure aussi, sur les rites nuptiaux. Ces connaissances, qui commencent à être synthétisées au xviie siècle, jettent les bases d’un savoir et d’une théorisation sur les rites de passage en général, dont l’ouvrage de van Gennep, Les rites de passage (1909) constitue l’un des aboutissements.
L’Antiquité dans les nouveaux programmes de collège  : mise en perspective historique
Authors: Rodes Aurélie
Published: May 2016

L’écriture de nouveaux programmes d’histoire, dans le cadre de la réforme du collège, a suscité des débats, comme ce fut le cas pour chaque publication de nouveaux textes depuis la fin du xixe siècle. La place de l’Antiquité dans l’enseignement de l’histoire a été en revanche peu commentée. Pour en prendre la mesure, les récentes réformes sont ici replacées dans l’évolution historique des changements des programmes d’histoire depuis la fin du xixe siècle. Si l’histoire ancienne n’a pas cessé de diminuer depuis la réforme de 1902, l’approche et les intitulés n’avaient jusqu’alors été que peu modifiés. Pour la première fois, après une tentative avortée en 1977, l’Antiquité est abordée à l’école et au collège dans une perspective synchronique, au sein de grandes thématiques chronologiques en délaissant l’approche par civilisation.
Applicability and critical analysis of the use of eponyms in Health Sciences
Authors: Batigália F. , Boer N. , Marcatto G. , Marcatto G. , Boer A.
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Specific words have been adopted to designate the several structures in Human Anatomy. However, the same structure has different names, usually derived from proper names (or Eponyms), which is still reflected in conceptual errors that complicate the Teaching and Learning of Anatomy in Multidisciplinary, Transdisciplinarity and Metadisciplinarity approaches. Within the current importance of the generalist, critical and humanistic background of the professional, the multiplicity of names of scientists and researchers attributed to anatomical structures has created real difficulties during the preparation, writing and reading of scientific papers, including the communication between Researchers and Professors. Objective: The aim of this study was to critically analyze the use of eponyms in Health Sciences, as well as compiling the eleven mains terms in which the same eponym has been used to identify at least two different structures. Results: Eponyms are not representatives of the irst anatomists to describe structures or indicate some topographic, morphological or functional aspects associated with parts of the Human Body, and so must be replaced with a location, descriptive or etiological terminology that facilitates the structural understanding. Conclusion: Because of its clinical importance, eponyms will not completely disappear, but due to discrepancies and secondary confusions to its use, there have been many suggestions and impositions of anatomical societies to minimize their use.
Histopathological effects of Averon®, an indigenous herbal formulation, on Cyclophosphamide - induced immunosuppressed male rats
Authors: Ukpo G. , Ehianeta T. , Adegoke A. , Salako O. , Mbaka G.
Published: May 2016

Introduction: The study investigated the effect of an acclaimed immunoboosting herbal formulation, Averon®, which contains Aloe spp on some basal physiological and pathophysiological profiles in immunomodulated male rats. Materials and Methods: Six groups of male rats were used for the study: control group received water and pelletized food ad libitum, Negative control Cyclophosphamide-treated group (30mg/kg i.p), two groups pre-treated with Cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg i.p) and followed by oral 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg Averon® respectively, two groups orally pre-treated with 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg Averon® respectively and followed by Cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg i.p) on the last three days. The experimental design was characterized by observations for behavioral changes in the rats, changes in body weight, food consumption, water intake and gross histopathological changes after sacriice. Results: The results revealed the adverse effects in the cyclophosphamide pre-treated groups in the behavioral pattern, significant decrease in body weights at several p-values, significant decrease in food intake (p< 0.05), significant drop in water consumption and toxicological effects on the studied organs. The reverse was true for the Averon®-pretreated groups: significant increase in body weights, food intake and water consumption. The adverse effect of cyclophosphamide was most pronounced on the lungs with little or no amelioration of the adverse effects on the pulmonary milieu. However, there was remarkable recovery on the livers, kidneys and the hearts on treatment with Averon®, particularly at the higher doses. Conclusion: Averon® showed tissue ameliorating potential except on the lungs, hence the need for therapeutic monitoring when administered to immunosuppressed subjects.
Anatomic variation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle: a morphological and functional study: case report
Authors: Moraes V. , Siqueira S. , Rodrigues F. , Queiroz E. , Pinto I. , Torres G.
Published: May 2016

Introduction: A great amount of accessory and supernumerary muscles, or even their absence, has already been described in medical literature, related to Anatomy, Surgery and Radiology. In the majority of cases, muscles with any morphological changes, in their origins, insertions, number of muscle bellies and anomalous vascular or nervous patterns, are asymptomatic. However, approximately 3% of compression neuropathy cases are results of an anomalous muscle. Material and methods: During a routine dissection, an anatomical variation was found on the left hypothenar region of an afrodescendant adult's corpse, which led the authors to further investigate its incidence and the clinical significance of this variation, basing up of articles published in refereed journals and renowned books on this subject. Results: Many authors have already identified numerous muscle variations in the hypothenar region, whether in dissection labs or in private clinics. Since some muscular variations may cause numerous clinical symptoms, it's important to have a detailed anatomical knowledge of the correspondent region. There are cases of ulnar nerve compression caused by an anomalous flexor digiti minimi brevis described in the medical literature. The majority of authors explained the nervous and vascular compression from some factors as injury, small repetitive traumas, genetically predetermined muscle size and muscular hypertrophy. Conclusion: The importance of differential diagnosis to any affections of the hypothenar region lies on the anatomical and surgical knowledge of the structures quoted in this study, the statistics related to the prevalence of these anatomical variations and the relevance of these in the present case.
Localization of sterodogenic acute regulartory (StAR) protein in testis of Thai red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus gallus)
Authors: Iamsaard S. , Chaichun A. , Sukhorum W.
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Thai red jungle fowl (Gallusgallusgallus) has been focusing on genetic profiles besides phenotypical features. The husbandry of this species is still limited. Basic understanding of its reproductive systems may be useful for breeding applications. Additionally, the morphology of testes and epididymis of Thai red jungle fowl has never been elucidated. Materials and Methods: This study has examined the gross structure and histology of those organs of male Thai Gallus gallus gallus at 24th weeks (age and sexual maturity). Moreover, the localization of sterodogenic acute regulartory (StAR) protein in the testis was also performed by immunohistochemistry. Results: The results showed that the mature testes were oval shape with 1.56 ± 0.584 cm. in length and 1.20 ± 0.067 cm. in width, respectively. General histology of testes and epididymis was similar to those of maturely domestical birds. Expectedly, the StAR protein was localized in the leydig cells of Thai red jungle fowl. Conclusion: This study has not only demonstrated the morphology of testis and epididymis but also shown the presence of testicular StAR protein of Thai red jungle fowl for the first time. These findings are fundamental data that may be applied to the breeding process.
Sobre la planta triangular del manuscrito vitrubiano Lázaro de Velasco
Authors: Saumell Lladó Juan , Salcedo Hernández José Carlos , Fortea Luna Manuel
Published: May 2016

El debate sobre las tríadas vitrubianas, a partir de la firmitas, utilitas, venustas de Los Diez Libros de Arquitectura ha tenido sus cumbres y sus simas. La influencia de la sistematización tripartita parece reflejarse gráficamente en el dibujo que Lázaro de Velasco realiza en el siglo xvi para su versión del tratado vitrubiano, conservada en Cáceres desde principios del siglo xx. El mencionado trazado se contrasta con los comentarios que el autor vierte sobre el mismo y sobre el texto original de Vitrubio. El acceso a otros trazados gráficos paralelos, a partir de la composición en triángulo, o del uso del número tres como referente gráfico, permite una aproximación a su génesis. Las referencias a la simbología del saber clásico y a la simbología trinitaria católica, destacadas por Lázaro de Velasco en sus comentarios, ilustran una síntesis cultural presente en la obra de referencia.
El dibujo del evento: la diagramación de la acción en el espacio público
Authors: Jerez Fernando , Pérez de Juan Belen
Published: May 2016

Acontecimientos recientes como la Primavera Árabe, la Revolución de los Paraguas en Hong Kong, Occupy Wall Street o el 15-M, vuelven a colocar en primer plano la ciudad como escenografía urbana. Las recientes ocupaciones activas del espacio público por la sociedad, invitan a revisar el texto titulado Le Droit a Ville ( El Derecho de la ciudad ) que Henri Lefevbre publico en 1968 en el que argumenta, en contra de la abstracción, que el espacio debe ser entendido como el producto de la estructura social. Este texto será introducido en Gran Bretaña primero y en Estados Unidos después a través del arquitecto Bernard Tschumi como argumento para la teoría del Espacio del Evento y la Acción donde la arquitectura definirá un nuevo espacio en permanente transformación, convirtiéndose en Environmental Trigger o Detonador ambiental.
Aproximación de superficies para la ejecución de bóvedas tabicadas
Authors: Gimenez Mateu Luis , Navarro Delgado Isidro , Cabrera Guardiola Alberto
Published: May 2016

La dificultad que presenta la ejecución de bóvedas tabicadas del tipo “falsa vaída” o “quatre punts” con aparejo en diagonal, es la del replanteo con rasillas en el sencillado de las primeras hiladas, al marcar el ritmo de la fábrica y el rejuntado. La continuidad de las juntas delata la buena ejecución de la bóveda, aproximándose ésta a una superficie de traslación, realizada por el desplazamiento curvilíneo de dos cimbras paralelas. La experiencia en la ejecución por este complejo método demuestra que aparecen desajustes y errores al perderse el rejuntado inicial y no poder seguir una geometría concreta. Una solución válida consiste en aproximar la bóveda a una superficie tórica, aquella generada por la revolución del arco generatriz tomando como eje la recta perpendicular al centro del arco directriz. Las diferencias de proporción entre ambas superficies son mínimas, pero con esta segunda opción aumenta el control del operario sobre el replanteo y ejecución, al usar cimbras que generan una secuencia repetitiva para las hiladas. 
Unos graffiti inéditos en las torres de Quart de Valencia
Authors: Serra Juan , Torres Ana , Llopis Jorge , Villaplana Ramón
Published: May 2016

Durante la restauración de las Torres de Quart de Valencia (s. xv) se descubren unos graffiti inéditos de gran belleza. Son conjuntos de dibujos con motivos habituales en otros edificios defensivos medievales: detalles arquitectónicos, cruces, letras, motivos florales, etc. Pero destacan por su naturalismo las representaciones zoomorfas, con escenas de pesca y bancos de peces de interesante factura. Discutimos la posible interpretación de estos graffiti y el motivo de su presencia en las puertas de acceso más meridional de la ciudad, a la luz del contexto cultural y las costumbres de la Valencia post-medieval.
La iglesia de Sant Pere de Xàtiva
Authors: Sicluna Lletget Ricardo , Torregrosa Soler Vicente
Published: May 2016

Resumen no disponible
Los estudios previos de la Casa Botines de Gaudí en León
Authors: González J.L. , Casals A. , Roca P. , Molins C.
Published: May 2016

Resumen no disponible
El legado andalusí Construcción de una casa tipo hispano - musulmana
Authors: López Francisco Javier
Published: May 2016

Resumen no disponible
Forum Unesco, una apuesta por el futuro.
Authors: Saletta Patrick
Published: May 2016

Resumen no disponible
Seminario internacional de Valencia
Authors: Loggia Revista
Published: May 2016

Resumen no disponible
Comisión internacional de expertos para el seguimiento de la restauración de la Basílica de San Antonio en Padua
Authors: González Antoni
Published: May 2016

Resumen no disponible
Metodología para la investigación cromática del patrimonio. EL PLAN DEL COLOR DE MELILLA
Authors: Casadevall Serra Joan
Published: May 2016

Cada vez con mayor frecuencia diferentes ciudades acometen la rehabilitación de sus centros históricos con una atención preferente al color de sus revestimientos. El arquitecto Joan Casadevall director de Gabinete del Color, oficina con una intensa experiencia en estudios sobre cromatismo urbano, explica el Plan del Color de Melilla, ciudad que celebra en 1997 el V Centenario de la presencia española, constatando una vez más que el cromatismo de la arquitectura histórica es algo íntimamente unido a los estilos y formas de hacer de cada época y emplazamiento, y que su investigación debe responder a una metodología y no confiarse a la improvisación.
La Restauración del Templo I “Gran Jaguar” de Tikal (Guatemala)
Authors: Muñoz Cosme Gaspar
Published: May 2016

La ciudad maya de Tikal, que alcanzó su máximo explendor en los siglos VII y VIII de nuestra era, ha sido declarada por la UNESCO Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad en 1979 y Monumento Universal en 1986. El Templo I de Tikal, tambien conocido con el nombre de Templo del “Gran Jaguar”, constituye hoy en día el emblema de esta ciudad maya de Guatemala. Gaspar Muñoz Cosme, arquitecto, explica los interesantes trabajos de restauración de este Templo I, desarrollados entre 1992 y 1996, planteando en las conclusiones los costosos problemas de conservación propios de estas arquitecturas, y los objetivos que debe contemplar un programa restaurador.
La Sinagoga del Tránsito Rehabilitación del Museo Sefardí. Toledo
Authors: Bravo Durá Carmen , Martínez Ramos Jaime
Published: May 2016

Pocas veces, -dicen los arquitectos Carmen Bravo y Jaime Martínez autores de la restauración y del artículo-, cuando se recurre a edificios históricos para museos, ha estado tan claro que el continente superase al contenido, no por el menor valor de éste, sino por el enorme valor de aquél. El objetivo principal de la restauración es plantear el edificio como un objeto de museo en sí mismo, recuperando espacios, iluminación y recorridos. La intervención realizada elimina patologías constructivas en el edificio, restaura su espacialidad y elementos, resuelve su funcionalidad como museo y le dota de las instalaciones necesarias, todo ello sin forzar el edificio, respetando su historicidad.
La conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico en Norteamérica. Historia de una biblioteca
Authors: Ozcáriz Iñaki , Lindstrom Kathleen
Published: May 2016

En este artículo presentamos una introducción a la situación de la restauración en Estados Unidos, y como ejemplo concreto, las sucesivas reformas y ampliaciones de una pequeña biblioteca de Henry H.Richardson, cuya historia refleja fenómenos significativos de la restauración en este país. La importancia de su autor y sus cualidades arquitectónicas hicieron de esta obra una de las más admiradas de su tiempo.