bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of abiotic stressors on oleic acid accumulation in the leaves of young quinoa plants
Authors: Terletskaya N.V. , Zorbekova A.N. , Korbozova N.K. , Erbay M. , Mamirova A.
Published: September 2024

Investigating the impact of not only individual stress factors but also their combined effect on plants becomes imperative in the context of natural and climatic fluctuations. 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2) and α-linolenic (18:3) serve as vital non-enzymatic antioxidants, making significant contributions to plant defense. Moreover, they are indispensable in assessing the nutritional and biological value of plant lipids. Currently, Chenopodium quinoa L., a member of the Amaranth family, is increasingly recognized as a valuable source of antioxidant metabolites. Current study examined the fluctuation patterns in oleic acid ester content, serving as a non-enzymatic antioxidant, when plant exposed to varying intensities of osmotic, saline, and combined stress. A constant concentration of oleic acid esters was shown under different levels of saline stress. Osmotic stress did not affect the oleic acid content. Under salt stress, the oleic acid content increased compared to the control, varying at different NaCl concentrations. However, under combined stress, there was a significant increase in ester content, peaking at a stress level of 200NaCl/L+PEG, followed by a decrease as stress increased. It was noted that signs of stress for the photochemical quenching index of YII and ETR in photosystem II of young quinoa plants also occur with a combination of exposure to 300 mM/L NaCl + PEG. It was suggested that the level of combined stress at 200NaCl/P is transitional from eustress to distress. The results obtained could potentially become the basis for the targeted synthesis of valuable plant antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical purposes in the future.
The morphological features of above-ground parts of Juniperus sabina in Central Kazakhstan
Authors: Abdikarimova P.U. , Kali A.K. , Ishmuratova M.Yu. , Ramazanov A.K. , Nurkenova A.T.
Published: September 2024

In the article the results of the study of morphological parameters of vegetative organs of Juniperus sabina growing in the vicinity of Karaganda city, Karkaraly and Ulytau Mountains, hills of Zhanaarka district were presented. The results of research are based on complexly conducted field and experimental materials, scientifically substantiated methods and modern statistical analyses evaluating the reliability criterion. It is noted that for the leaf length indicator the maximum values were for individuals from Zhanaarka district, the minimum values were for the vicinity of Karaganda city. For leaf width and annual growth value, no reliable difference was observed between individuals from different growing points. The maximum size of plants was observed in the vicinity of Karaganda city, the minimum size was observed for individuals from Zhanaarka and Ulytau districts. The obtained data are conditioned by different degree of environmental pollution and climatic conditions.
Technological progress and its impact on the labor market
Authors: Myrzalieva G.A. , Issakhmetova A.N. , Abilkassym A.B. , Turakulova L.R. , Mukhamedkhanova A.B.
Published: September 2024

Object: The purpose of this research is to examine how advancements in technology influence the job market, highlight key trends and effects, and formulate suggestions for both employees and employers to adjust to the shifts brought about by emerging technologies.
Methods: The research methodology includes methods of systematic and institutional analysis. To carry out the study, a set of data was used that contained information about investments in new technologies, the unemployment rate and other variables related to this group. To determine the existence of a relationship between investments in digitaliza tion and the unemployment rate correlation and regression analysis were used.
Results: Technological progress requires new skills and knowledge from employees. The demand for specialists in IT, Data Analysis and digital marketing is growing, and traditional professions are losing their relevance. Thus, final research can be an important tool for organizations that seek not only technological renewal, but also the creation of fair and productive jobs.
Conclusions: Technological advancement profoundly influences the job market, generating both fresh opportuni ties and obstacles. To maintain competitiveness, both employers and employees need to adjust to these changes. It is essential to implement strategies that enhance workers' skills, facilitate their adjustment to evolving circumstances, and establish retraining initiatives for individuals who have been displaced by automation.
Evaluating the Impact of Socio-Economic Variables on GDP per Capita: A Case Study of Kazakhstan
Authors: Berdimurat N. , Zhadigerova O.Z. , Turdiyeva Z. , Amankeldi A.A. , Jakupova D.Y.
Published: September 2024

Object: The object of the current article is to build a linear regression model to predict the value of GDP per capita using 9 socio-economic indicators.
Methods: Correlation and regression analysis methods were used for this study. All calculations are performed in MS EXCEL. 1 dependent and 9 independent variables were used as a basis.
Findings: Authors have identified nine variables that can potentially affect the amount of GDP per capita, and col lected data according to these variables from 2012 to 2022, from open sources. The model was highly appreciated by generally accepted estimates, including: f value, p value, normalized R square.
Conclusions: Our analysis shows the impact of average wages, human development index, fertility and degree of real interest on GDP per capita, which allows us to build a highly efficient linear regression model. Thanks to our abil ity to accurately assess and reliably predict, our results shed light on the directions of economic intervention aimed at economic growth and improving the welfare and development of society in Kazakhstan.
Measuring human capital’s contribution to sustainable economic development
Authors: Serikkyzy A. , Baktymbet S.S. , Baktymbet A.S.
Published: September 2024

Object: The object is research of human capital through education, healthcare, professional skills, social compe tencies, and their effect on economic sustainability and development.
Methods: The methodological basis of the work is comprised of quantitative methods including regression analy sis and econometric modeling.
Findings: The following main results showcase human capital’s significant and multifaceted impact on sustaina ble development parameters:
1) Education and healthcare investments have been revealed to contribute to an increase in productivity and eco nomic growth.
2) Research leads to reduction in poverty and improvement of environmental indicators.
3) Human capital development policy making and implementation as an essential element of achieving sustainable economic development.
Conclusions: This section offers recommendations for politicians and government agencies on how to form strat egies for the development of human capital. Results of the study can serve as a basis for the formation of effective strat egies to develop human resources in the context of global economic and social challenges.
A stable difference scheme for the solution of a source identification problem for telegraph-parabolic equations
Authors: Ashyraliyev M. , Ashyralyyeva M.A.
Published: September 2024

In the present paper, we construct a first order of accuracy difference scheme for the approximate solution of the inverse problem for telegraph-parabolic equations with an unknown spacewise dependent source term. The unique solvability of constructed difference scheme and the stability estimates for its solution were obtained. The proofs are based on the spectral representation of the self-adjoint positive definite operator in a Hilbert space.
Терминжасам үрдісіндегі будан терминдер мәселесі
Authors: Ахмет А.Н. , Құрманбайұлы Ш.
Published: September 2024

Мақаланың мақсаты қазіргі қазақ тілінің терминжасам үрдісіндегі будан терминдердің лингвистикалық ерекшеліктерін қарастыру, сипаттау және олардың пайда болу ерекшеліктерін, сөзжасамдық құрамын талдау. Сондай-ақ мақалада шет тілдік бірліктер негізінде қалыптасқан терминдердің бастапқы лексика-грамматикалық ерекшеліктерін ескере отырып, оларды қазіргі қазақ тілінің нормаларына сәйкес ресімдеу принциптері талданды. Зерттеу материалы ретінде Қазақстан Республикасында бұқаралық ақпарат құралдарында, сондай-ақ тарихи-мәдени, қоғамдық-әлеуметтік, экономикалық, саяси және басқа да маңызды салаларда, ғылым мен техникада белсенді қолданылатын будан терминдер алынды. Зерттеу барысында терминдерге қатысты талдау, синтез, интерпретация, жалпылау және абстракциялау амал-тәсілдері және қолданылған негізгі ұғымдарды ашу мақсатында теориялық түсіндіру, сипаттау тәсілдері қолданыс тапты. Жұмыс нәтижесінде тілдегі будан терминдердің құрамы талданып, олардың пайыздық көрсеткіші берілді.
Қазақстан ұлттық концептосферасының құрамындағы «мемлекет» концептісінің жолдау мәтіндеріндегі тілдік көрінісі
Authors: Баербекова А.Е. , Рапишева Ж.Д. , Акишева Ж.С. , Кишенова А.Ю.
Published: September 2024

Мақала Президенттің жыл сайынғы Жолдау мәтіндерінде «мемлекет» концептісінің берілуінің лексикалық құралдарын талдауға арналған. Концептінің дәстүрлі мазмұнын Жолдау мәтіндерінде көрсетілген идеялармен салыстыра отырып, авторлар Жолдауда қалыптасқан әлемнің тілдік бейнесінің ерекшелігін анықтайды. Сонымен қатар «мемлекет» сөзінің лексикалық тіркесімділігі талданған, «мемлекет» концептісінің Қазақстан, ел, Отан сияқты басқа концептілермен өзара қарым-қатынасы қарастырылған Мақаланың басты мақсаты — Жолдау мәтіндеріндегі Қазақстан концептосферасындағы «мемлекет» концептісінің мазмұнын зерттеп, концептінің жұмсалу аясын танытатын ұғымдардың қолданылу сипатын ашу. Қазақ ұлттық концептосферасындағы негізгі концептінің бірі «мемлекет» концептісі тіліміздегі қалыптасқан «тәуелсіздік», «атамекен», «туған жер», «туған ел» «отан», «дала», «қазақ» концептілері тәрізді жалпыұлттық құндылықтарды таныта алады. Мақалада лексикалық бірліктердің семантикасын компоненттік, концептуалдық және контекстік талдау әдістері қолданылып, зерттеу материалы ретінде мемлекет лексемасы қолданылатын жыл сайынғы Жолдау мәтіндері, сондай-ақ қазақ тілінің түсіндірме, этимологиялық, түсіндірме саяси және басқа сөздіктерінің материалдары алынды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде авторлар «мемлекет» концептісінің қазақ халқының ұлттық ділінде алатын орны маңызды екенін анықтайды.
Жазушы К. Тоқаев шығармаларындағы сөздік құрамның сипаты
Authors: Ғабдрахман Т.С.
Published: September 2024

Мақалада детектив жанрындағы көркем шығармалардың лексикалық қабаты, сөздік құрамы зерттелген. Зерттеу нысанына қазақ әдебиетінде осы жанрда алғаш шығармалар жазған Кемел Тоқаевтың шығармашылығы, оның ішінде «Солдат соғысқа кетті», «Соңғы соққы», «Түнде атылған оқ» туындылары алынған. Мақала мақсаты — қазақ детектив жанрындағы, соның ішінде К. Тоқаев шығармаларындағы сөздік құрамды сипаттау, лексикалық қабаттардың ерекшеліктерін анықтау. Осыған орай аталған шығармалардағы актив және пассив лексиканы, кірме сөздерді, көнерген сөздерді талдау міндеттері қойылды. К. Тоқаев шығармаларында әскери лексиканың кеңінен пайдаланылатыны байқалды: олар әскери шен, лауазым, қару, нысан, киім, т.б. атаулары. Бұл сөздердің басым көпшілігін орыс тілінен енген сөздер құрайды. Олар өзгермеген дайын түрінде немесе қазақ тілінің фонетикалық, грамматикалық заңдылықтарына сай өзгертіліп алынған. Әскери лексиканың қолданысын детектив жанрының ерекшелігіне жатқызуға болады. Олар шығарманың актив лексикасын құрайды. Бұдан бөлек шығарма тілінде діни лексика, мәдени лексика да едәуір көрініс табады. Шығармаларда кірме, жаңа сөздерге қарағанда көнерген сөздердің аз қолданылуы заңды, өйткені бұл туындыларда совет дәуіріндегі кезең, соғыс уақыты сипатталады. Ал бұл Ресей үкіметінің әр алуан әскери, әкімшілік, заң-тәртіп орындары, олардың бұйрық-жарлықтары, ереже-нұсқауларының басым бөлігі орыс тілінде болған уақыты.
Del capital natural al capital bio-(é)tico: implicancias y limitaciones en el marco de la crisis climática
Authors: Fuhr Diana Paula
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El objetivo de este trabajo es articular el concepto de capital bio(é)tico en el contexto de la crisis climática, teniendo en cuenta el aporte de la bioética a la noción de capital natural y de las críticas latinoamericanas. Metodología: Primero, abordaremos la noción de capital. Luego, la de capital natural. Posteriormente, expondremos el concepto de capital ético y el enfoque bioético. Después, nos referiremos a algunas críticas latinoamericanas a la capitalización de la naturaleza. Por último, articularemos el concepto de capital bio(é)tico. Resultados: La noción de capital natural es utilizada desde el capital approach para orientar la economía al desarrollo sostenible. El concepto de capital ético aporta una perspectiva cualitativa del desarrollo. Posturas latinoamericanas critican la capitalización de la naturaleza. Discusión: La noción de capital natural no es suficiente para garantizar un desarrollo sostenible. Debe complementarse con una visión ética que considere la naturaleza como sujeto y erradique las desigualdades, fundando el sistema sobre nuevos valores. Conclusiones: El concepto de capital bio(é)tico permite promover el desarrollo, relacionarse con la naturaleza desde el cuidado y habilitar una reconfiguración del sistema sobre nuevos valores. Sin embargo, no se elimina un posible uso instrumental en la lógica capitalista de dominio.
Mathematical model channel in the middle of the room systems 5G and 6G
Authors:   State University of Intelligent Technologies and Telecommunications, Odesa, Oryabinska O. O.
Published: September 2024

For point-to-point connections in 5G systems, the E-band [1] has already been standardized, which means that the next generation of 6G will also use it. The E-band is located in the frequency range from 60 to 90 GHz. The use of the E-band allows radio systems to approach data transmission over optical fiber in terms of connection speed [1]. An increase in the frequency of the operating range automatically leads to a decrease in the coverage area of one transmitter. The size of cells in 5G and 6G systems is already micro-cells and pico-cells, which sometimes provides coverage only in a certain building. Most of the models used to calculate radio routes located inside buildings are based on the formula describing the propagation of radio waves in free space. However, the presence of walls, floors, furniture, people and other objects significantly affects the nature of radio wave propagation. The variety of conditions leads to the necessity of using some empirical models based on numerous experiments to investigate the conditions of radio wave propagation indoors. In this work, it is proposed to take two models as a basis - an experimental one [3] and an analytical one taking into account the reverberation field [2]. The combination of the analytical and experimental model allows you to estimate both the line-of-sight channel and the channel without line-of-sight; take into account the individual features of the premises, significantly reducing the error characteristic of experimental models; Due to the use of the indicator of the degree of losses on the route according to the experimental model, it is possible to more accurately take into account the nature of the premises. Thus, it is possible to combine the advantages and reduce the disadvantages of two modeling approaches.
Predictors of length of postoperative stay following endoscopic skull base surgery with intraoperative CSF leak
Authors: Pang Jonathan C. , Liu Derek H. , Hong Ellen M. , Frank Madelyn , Roman Kelsey M. , Jung Jinho , Abiri Arash , Nguyen Theodore V. , Bitner Benjamin F. , Hsu Frank P. K. , Kuan Edward C.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Establishing benchmarks for length of stay (LOS) may inform strategies to improve resource efficiency, decrease costs, and advance care quality. In this study, the authors characterize postoperative LOS in endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) and elucidate prolonging factors.

METHODS

A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary academic center including consecutive adult patients who underwent intradural ESBS with intraoperative CSF leak during primary repair between July 2018 and March 2024. LOS, calculated as the time between the end of anesthesia until discharge from the hospital, comprised the primary outcome. Categorical and continuous independent study variables were assessed for univariate LOS association via the Mann-Whitney U-test and Kendall’s tau-b correlation, respectively, and those with significant associations were included as multiple linear regression inputs.

RESULTS

One hundred sixty-three patients were included, with a median LOS of 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.8–5.8) days. LOS was significantly prolonged in high-flow (n = 82) compared with low-flow (n = 81) CSF leak cohorts (median 4.5 [IQR 3.9–6.5] vs 2.9 [IQR 2.1–4.7] days, p = 0.002). Defects involving the anterior cranial fossa (n = 16, median 4.6 [IQR 3.3–7.5)] days), suprasellar region (n = 94, median 4.4 [IQR 3.2–6.4] days), sella (n = 138, median 3.9 [IQR 2.8–5.8] days), or posterior cranial fossa (n = 17, median 4.5 [IQR 3.9–6.5] days) had variable LOSs. On multiple linear regression, after controlling for numerous patient, surgical, and postoperative factors, lesion diameter (B = 0.16, 95% CI 0.048–0.26), bone defect area (B = 0.008, 95% CI 0.001–0.014), anesthesia time (B = 0.015, 95% CI 0.004–0.026), bed rest length (B = 2.34, 95% CI 1.12–3.56), postoperative CSF leak (B = 11.06, 95% CI 4.11–18.01), postoperative meningitis (B = 11.79, 95% CI 4.83–18.74), postoperative stroke/hemorrhage (B = 25.25, 95% CI 18.43–32.06), and postoperative pneumonia (B = 5.59, 95% CI 0.79–10.38) independently predicted overall prolonged LOS.

CONCLUSIONS

With healthcare utilization receiving increased attention, mitigating factors that extend LOS are important. Extent of surgery and certain postoperative complications may constitute key factors prolonging LOS following intradural ESBS with intraoperative CSF leak.
Does pre-irradiation gross tumor volume predict the risk of progression after radiation therapy in pediatric patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma?
Authors: Brooks Tamar , Gao Dexiang , Dorris Kathleen , Boone Karlie , Mirsky David M. , Staulcup Susan , Prince Eric , Moskalenko Marina , Ignowski Elizabeth , Wandrey Narine , Fakhoury Kareem , Hankinson Todd C. , Milgrom Sarah A.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

In a cohort of patients who were treated with resection and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), the authors aimed to determine whether gross tumor volume (GTV) at the initiation of RT was associated with the risk of progressive disease (PD) following treatment.

METHODS

Pediatric and adolescent patients who received surgery and RT for ACP at a single institution from 1998 to 2021 were identified. Univariable Cox regression analyses (UVAs) were performed to assess the association between pre-RT GTV and PD after RT. Multivariable analyses (MVAs) were used to control for potential confounders. Two different endpoints were used to define PD. The first definition was based on radiographic tumor growth, with or without progression of clinical symptoms. The second definition was the requirement for an additional tumor-directed intervention following the completion of RT.

RESULTS

Forty-eight patients were eligible for inclusion. The median age at diagnosis was 7.9 years (range 2.1–17.4 years). All patients were treated with surgery and RT with a median dose of 52.2 Gy (range 45–55.8 Gy) and median GTV of 9.86 cm3 (range 0.7–117.7 cm3). After a median follow-up of 66.4 months, 8 patients experienced PD based on both definitions. The 5-year event-free survival rate was 85.4% (95% CI 74.1%–98.3%). On both UVA and MVA, GTV was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of PD (UVA: HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04, p = 0.02; MVA: HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19, p = 0.01). However, after exclusion of a single outlier with a GTV of 117.7 cm3 prior to RT (remainder of the cohort: range 0.7–37.3 cm3), a second analysis identified no significant association between GTV and PD (UVA: HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.96–1.10, p = 0.4; MVA: HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96–1.17, p = 0.24).

CONCLUSIONS

The authors conclude that for most children and adolescents with ACP, the GTV at the initiation of RT is not associated with the risk of PD. This finding may influence surgical practice, because it suggests that aggressive tumor debulking for the purpose of improving the efficacy of RT may not be necessary. In the case of giant tumors, however, novel strategies may be needed for tumor control.
Quantum-chemical study of alkyl- and alkenyladamantanes formation by ionic alkylation with olefins
Authors: Baranov N. I. , Bagrii E. I. , Safir R. E. , Cherednichenko A. G. , Bozhenko K. V. , Maximov A. L.
Published: September 2024

In B3LYP-D3(BJ)/6-311++G** approximation thermodynamic parameters of formation reactions (total energy at 0 К, enthalpy and the Gibbs free energy at temperature 298.15 К and pressure 101325 Pa) are assessed for the products of ionic alkylation of adamantane and lower alkyladamantanes with ethylene and propylene. Aluminium chloride was used as acid catalyst model. Quantum-chemical calculations demonstrate the influence of methyl groups in adamantanes and olefin molecular weight on energetics of formation of relevant alkyl- and alkenyladamantanes.
Three-phase and gel models of soils in the analysis of experimental results
Authors: Fedotov G. N. , Shoba S. A. , Ushkova D. A. , Gorepekin I. V. , Sukharev A. I. , Potapov D. I.
Published: September 2024

It is common to consider the results of experiments in soil physics from the position of a three-phase soil model. Along with the three-phase, there is a gel model of soils. The models are based on different principles: in the three–phase model – the constancy of the solid phase and the mobility of the liquid, in the gel model – the ability of soil gels to swell, harden and reduce the mobility of water. The purpose of the work is to assess the applicability of using three–phase and gel soil models to analyze the results of studying some physical properties of soils. The studies were carried out on the soils of the zonal series: sod-podzolic, gray forest, chernozem, chestnut soil. The following methods were used in the work: vibration viscometry, laser diffractometry, electrical resistance of soils. When studying the physical properties of soils, unexpected results were obtained. Firstly, the curve of the influence of the samples moisture content on the viscosity of the pastes prepared from them reached a maximum in the area of the moisture content of the point of limited availability of water (PLAW). Secondly, with increased mechanical action on soil pastes, the particle size in them did not decrease, but increased. Thirdly, the dependence of the electrical resistance of soils on their humidity maintains a uniform course in the area of PLAW. Although at this humidity, the continuous framework of the liquid phase in soils disappears, providing moisture and electrical conductivity. Fourth, moist soils dry out in a desiccator over water. It is not possible to explain these results from the standpoint of the three-phase soil model generally accepted in soil science. Therefore, a gel model of soils was used to analyze the results, which made it possible to explain all the results obtained.
INFLUENCE OF MODIFICATION OF KAOLINITES BY ALUMINUM OXIDE ON THE CRACKING ACTIVITY OF PETROLEUM RESIDUE
Authors: Volkova L.D. , Zakarina N.A. , Kim O.K , Akurpekova A.K. , Gabdrakipov A.V. , Kharlamova T.V.
Published: September 2024

The preparation of matrices of zeolite-containing catalysts using acid-treated (20% H2SO4) kaolinites from the Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan (NPK-1, NPK-2 and NPK-3) with subsequent modification with aluminum hydroxo complexes of different concentrations (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mmol Al3+/g) was studied. and aluminum hydroxide gel prepared by the ammonia method for activity in cracking residual petroleum feedstock.
In the experimental part of the article for kaolinites of the Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan - PK-1, PK-2 and PK-3, the values of the SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios in the original samples, the change in these ratios during acid activation and subsequent modification with aluminum hydroxo complexes are considered. It has been shown that the criterion for choosing kaolinites as matrices for zeolite catalysts can be the increased content of aluminum oxide in the original kaolinite. From the analysis of data on the matrix activity of kaolinites in the cracking of vacuum gas oil, it follows that in order to achieve optimal yields of gasoline and light gas oil for samples with lower Al2O3 content, the introduction of a higher concentration of hydroxo complex is required.
Using the example of the Al(2.5)NPK-1 sample, it is shown that the additional introduction of aluminum hydroxide gel (5% Al2O3 by weight of the catalyst) obtained by the ammonia method into the modified kaolinite matrix, followed by drying and heat treatment leads to the production of a catalyst with high activity. The catalyst was tested in the cracking of fuel oil, a mixture of vacuum gas oil (VG) with fuel oil (30%).
For comparison, data on cracking of heavy vacuum gas oil are presented. Gasoline yields for these types of raw materials at 5000C are 26.8; 31.9 and 39.1%; respectively, with raw material conversion of 88.4% and 92.1%. Cracking gasolines are characterized by a high content of iso-paraffin and aromatic hydrocarbons. Al(2.5)NPK-1+Al2O3 can be an economically beneficial and environmentally friendly catalyst and adsorbent.
УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ МЕТОД ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИИ ЗРАЧКА НА ОСНОВЕ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ХАФА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЭЛЛИПТИЧЕСКОЙ И КРУГОВОЙ КОМПЕНСАЦИИ
Authors: Мусайф М. , Кинтанова А. , Назырова А. , Повхан И.Ф. , Муратова Г.К.
Published: September 2024

В данной статье представлен усовершенствованный метод точного определения зрачка, цель которого — повысить точность и эффективность локализации зрачка в реальном времени, используя модификации традиционного преобразования Хафа. Этот метод включает в себя дополнительный подбор по эллипсу и округление данных, что позволяет улучшить общие характеристики алгоритма по сравнению с классическими подходами. Преобразование Хафа традиционно используется для обнаружения форм, но его применение может быть затруднено из-за высокой вычислительной сложности, особенно в условиях обработки изображений в реальном времени.
Исходный этап алгоритма включает использование метода минимального среднего серого для приблизительного определения внутреннего края зрачка, что представляет собой менее затратный по вычислениям подход для первоначальной локализации. После этого внутренний край извлекается и точно локализуется с помощью метода компенсации центра, что позволяет точно определить положение зрачка на изображении.
Для определения местоположения внешней границы зрачка сначала проводится грубая локализация на основе приблизительной компенсации радиуса. Затем, используя алгоритм приблизительной компенсации центра окружности, выполняется точная локализация внешнего края. Это двухэтапное приближение позволяет существенно уменьшить количество необходимых вычислений, сокращая время обработки без потери в точности.
Экспериментальные результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, подтверждают, что предложенный метод не только улучшает точность локализации, но и значительно повышает производительность по сравнению с традиционными методами. Таким образом, данный подход может быть эффективно использован в различных приложениях, требующих быстрой и точной обработки изображений, таких как системы биометрической идентификации и различные виды систем безопасности, где важна скорость и надежность распознавания изображений.
САНДЫҚ АУДИОФАЙЛДАРДЫ СТЕГО ТАЛДАУ ҮШІН СПЕКТРАЛДЫ ТАЛДАУ НЕГІЗІНДЕ БАҒДАРЛАМАЛЫҚ ҚҰРАМДЫ ҚҰРУ
Authors: Ташенова Ж.М. , Нұрлыбаева Е. , Абдугулова Ж.К. , Аманжолова Ш.
Published: September 2024

Бұл ғылыми жұмыста аудиофайлдардағы жасырын ақпаратты кодтау тиімділігі талданады, оның ерекшеліктері мен деректерді жасырудың басқа әдістеріне қарағанда артықшылықтары, сонымен қатар стеганализдің негізгі әдістері қарастырылады. Зерттеудің негізгі мақсаты аудиофайлдардағыақпаратты жасыру алгоритмін және олардың бағдарламалық құрамдас бөлігін жасау болып табылады. Мақсат - бөгде адамдардың құпия ақпаратты табуына жол бермейтін қауіпсіз деректерді жасыру ортасын жасау. Жұмыс ақпаратты жасыру үшін стеганография әдістерін қамтиды. Әр түрлі стеганализәдістерінің сипаттамалары мен кемшіліктері қарастырылады. Мақсат - тасымалданатын файлдың өлшемін азайту және оны аудио форматта жасыру.WAVE пішімімен үйлесімділікке ерекше назар аударылады. Алгоритмді бағдарламалық қамтамасыз ету NetBeans платформасында стеганализ мүмкіндіктерін көрсету арқылы Java ортасында жүзеге асырылады. Бағдарламада орындау алдында стеганализ және шифрлау функциялары бар. Стеганографияда ақпаратты кодтаудың барлық аталған алгоритмдері менәдістері бағдарламалық шешімдерді құру контекстінде зерттеледі. Зерттеудің негізгі мақсаты –пайдаланушының қажеттіліктерін қанағаттандыратынбағдарлама құру. Жұмыс аудиофайлдардағы стеганография және стеганализ мәселелерін қарастырады, сонымен қатар WAVE файлдарындағы деректерді жасыруға арналған қолданыстағы бағдарламалық қамтамасыз етудің шолуын ұсынады. Қазіргі уақытта дыбыста стеганография талаптарына толық жауап беретін бағдарламалық қамтамасыз ету жоқ екені анықталды. LSB әдісімен (Stegora WaveHide пакеті) WAVE форматындағы файлдарды стеганографиялық жасыру үшін қосымша бағдарламалық қамтамасыз ету әзірленді, жасырынақпаратты іздеу алгоритмі жүзеге асырылды.
Innovative applications of fibers in concrete: Research and design methods of shear capacity
Authors: Krassowska Julita , Wolka Paweł
Published: September 2024

The aim of the conducted research is to determine the failure model of two-span beams with dispersed reinforcement in the form of steel and basalt fibers. Experimental studies of two-span beams with a cross-section of 120×300 mm and a length of 4150 mm focused on observing changes in the behavior of the tested elements depending on the amount of shear reinforcement and the type of fibers. The beams had varied stirrup spacing. The content of steel fibers was 78.5 kg/m3 [1.0%], and the content of basalt fibers was 5.0 kg/m3 [0.19%]. Concrete beams without fibers were also tested. To assess the impact of the presence of fibers on shear capacity, calculations of the load-bearing capacity of beams with longitudinal reinforcement and dispersed reinforcement in the form of basalt or steel fibers were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of standards PN-EN 1992-1-1 (1), fib Model Code 2010 (2,3), German Committee for Reinforced Concrete DIN 2012 (4), and RILEM TC 162-TDF 2003 (5).
Monitoring the thermal state of an ingot with beveled and rounded corners in a slab crystallizer of a CCM
Authors: Yachikov I. M. , Shafikov T. I.
Published: September 2024

The organization of ingot cooling in the continuous caster mold affects the reliability, productivity and quality of the resulting ingots. Insufficient heat exchange between the solidifying metal and the wall of the mold leads to a decrease in the thickness of the solid shell of the ingot, which causes the formation of surface defects, and when the ingot is pulled out of the mold, emergency breakthroughs occur. Excessive heat transfer leads to an increase in the thickness of the solid shell, which entails excessive shrinkage of the ingot surface with the formation of a gap between the solid shell of the ingot and the walls of the mold. The appearance of an air gap leads to increased wear of the copper walls of the mold. There is a design of copper walls that makes it possible to reduce the normal component of forces that occurs during wear, reduce the temperature gradient and stress concentration in the corner of the ingot, and also bring the thickness of the hard crust stocking in the corner closer to the perimeter of the mold. However, the thermal state of the formed ingot with such a crystallizer design remains poorly understood. The goal of the work is to create a virtual tool for monitoring the operation of the mold of a slab continuous caster based on the development of a mathematical and computer model of the thermal state of an ingot with beveled and rounded corners. The temperature distribution in the ingot was calculated using the quasi-equilibrium theory of solidification. The numerical implementation of the mathematical model and obtaining an approximate solution using a computer were carried out using the finite dif-ference method and an implicit difference scheme. A computer program was developed in the Matlab development environment. Using computer modeling, the temperature distribution over the volume of the slab at the outlet of the mold with beveled and rounded corners was obtained. The program for the selected mold design allows you to analyze the solidification of the ingot skin and monitor this process for the selected steel grade and specified casting technological parameters
Simulation of recrystallization of cold-rolled automotive sheet depending on the degree of deformation, annealing temperature and chemical composition
Authors: Zhitelev P. S. , Adigamov R. R. , Glukhov P. A. , Sokolov S. F. , Menyachikhin A. M.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of modeling the recrystallization of a cold-rolled sheet of 10 grades of automotive steels of various chemical composition. Mathematical models of recrystallization processes in cold-rolled sheets of the studied steels have been developed, which describe with satisfactory accuracy both the kinetics of the process during isothermal annealing and the grain size of recrystallized ferrite. The developed recrystallization model predicts with sufficient accuracy the kinetics of crystallization under conditions of heating at an arbitrary rate and subsequent isothermal exposure, which are used in annealing cold-rolled sheets on industrial production lines. The developed recrystallization model adequately takes into account both the influence of the carbon content and the main alloying elements of substitution (Mn, Si, Nb, Ti) on the kinetics of the process
Exploring the Link Between Climate Change and Farming in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Sierra Leone
Authors: Lahai Morrison
Published: September 2024

Climate change has been impacting farming and livelihood outcomes around the world. In Sierra Leone, limited studies have been done in this direction; therefore, this study was undertaken to understand and explain what has been happening. The objectives of the study were to identify the main crops grown and animals are reared by the farmers; the trend in the yield of crops and the number of animals produced between 2014 and 2023 and to assess farmers’ perception on how climatic parameters been impacting farming and find out the coping strategies adopted by the farmers to reduce the impact of climate change on farming in the study area

Data was collected from 315 respondents selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques, and a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to them. Climatic data was also collected from 3 weather stations as ancillary data. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 26 (SPSS).

Results reveal that farmers grow mainly food crops like rice, cassava, and vegetables and reared animals like poultry, cattle, and goats. The yield of the main food crops was increasing between 2014 and 2017 but remained the same between 2017 and 2020, but increased between 2021 and 2023. The reasons for the increase in yield include using more fertilizer and expansion of farmlands. Reasons for the decline in yield are erratic and low rainfall at the start of the rainy season, inadequate land for farming and flooding. Animals reared in the communities are increasing in number, though climate change has some impact on them. Further findings show that temperature, rainfall, and wind speed have been contributing significantly to climate change and that has been impacting farming in the study area. Coping strategies adopted by farmers include adjusting planting and harvest times, watering the plants regularly, adding mulch to the seed beds.

It is recommended that farmers need to be trained to build on the knowledge and skills they already have in order to promote sustainability and food security in their communities.
Integrace Evropy z hlediska kultury
Authors: Lehmannová Zuzana
Published: September 2024

Stať je teoretickým zamyšlením nad otázkou kulturní integrace a nad kulturními faktory, které determinují integrační procesy. Pochopení podstaty kulturně-integračních procesů vychází z principu jednoty sociokulturní reality a systémového pojetí kultury. Na základě tohoto východiska je sledován: 1) vývoj jednotlivých oblastí evropské kultury z hlediska rovnováhy integračních a dynamických tendencí, 2) vývoj a proměny integračního principu evropské kultury, jejího hodnotového paradigmatu, v jednotlivých etapách vývoje. Základním cílem stati je posouzení otázky, zda je možné definovat evropskou kulturu jako historický typ sociokulturního systému nadnárodního typu, anebo zda Evropa k takovému typu systému směřuje. Toto téma zahrnuje několik konkrétních problémů: Existují historické i aktuální předpoklady existence takového systému? Směřuje integrace Evropy k vytvoření strukturně vyváženého kulturního systému? Jaký vliv může mít vzniklá kulturní mezera na kulturní stabilitu Evropy? Do jaké míry se rozvinul celoevropský kulturní systém? Existují kulturně-integrační tendence ve vztazích mezi jednotlivými evropskými kulturami směrem k vytvoření vyššího systému? Lze předpokládat existenci kulturní identity odpovídající tomuto vyššímu stupni? Evropská kultura, možnosti a meze její integrace jsou ve stati posuzovány v širším kontextu procesu globalizace a kulturní plurality současného světa.
Bilancování na cestě do Evropské unie a pokus o další výhled
Authors: Hřích Jan
Published: September 2024

Helena Tang /ed./: Winners and Losers of EU Integration: Policy Issues for Central and Eastern Europe. 1st ed. Washington: World Bank, 2000, 326 stran, ISBN 0-8213-4427-7.
The Effectiveness Of The Application Of Audit Tools And Linked Archive System (Atlas) On The Financial Statement Audit Process (Case Study at Public Accounting Firm Hari Purnomo & Jaswadi)
Authors: Nur Rohmah Niken , Jaswadi Jaswadi , Indrayati
Published: September 2024

The development of information technology has significantly impacted various fields, including audit practice. A notable advancement is the ATLAS application, an electronic working paper designed to assist auditors in filling out work papers. This research aimed to examine the application of ATLAS and assess its effectiveness in the financial statement audit process at KAP Hari Purnomo & Jaswadi. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews with auditors. The findings revealed that KAP Hari Purnomo & Jaswadi had comprehensively implemented the ATLAS application, covering all stages from pre-engagement, risk assessment, and risk response to reporting. The ATLAS application proved effective, as it streamlined and facilitated auditors' work in inputting audit data. The integration of all audit stages within the ATLAS application demonstrated its efficiency and effectiveness in the financial statement audit process, making it a valuable tool for auditors at KAP Hari Purnomo & Jaswadi.
Determination Of Return On Assets: Analysis Of Solvency Ratio And Liquidity Ratio
Authors: Diky Paramitha  , Sucipto
Published: September 2024

The main objective of this study is to provide an in-depth understanding of how solvency and liquidity ratios affect a company's ability to use its assets efficiently in generating profits, as well as to make useful contributions to managerial decision making and evaluation of company performance. Several indicators in the study were studied to analyze the determination of the solvency ratio consisting of (Debt to Asset Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio) and liquidity ratio (Current Ratio) to Return on Assets (ROA) with a sample of several large industrial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a period of 2015 2020. Research with test analysis techniques analysis of test selection of Test models (chow, hausman and langrange multiplier), classical assumption test with Multicollinearity and Heteroscedasticity, Regression Test panel data, Correlation Test and hypothesis testing (partial / t-Test and simultaneous / F-Test). The results of research through partial tests and simultaneous tests with the main focus of industrial companies resulted in that the three variations of DAR, DER and CR had no influence on the Return on Assets of the company objects sampled.
Impacts of International integral to Vietnamese Labor Law
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Le Tho Mong
Published: September 2024

The process of international integration has had a strong and comprehensive impact on the operation of the economy as well as the political, cultural, and social life of Vietnam, including the field of law and especially labor law. The labor law is an important part of any country's legal system, formed and developed along with socio-economic development. Therefore, in the current process of deep and comprehensive integration, Vietnam's labor law has been having certain impacts. Accordingly, integration and development have impacted the continuous change and improvement of Vietnam's labor law starting from the 6th National Congress of the Party until now. In addition to the achievements in the implementation process to meet the requirements of international labor standards and contribute to harmonizing labor relations to adapt to a fluctuating economy, today, Vietnam’s labor law still has some limitations, which need to be gradually overcome in the future. This article focuses on researching the impact of international integration on the development of Vietnam's labor law in each period, the achievements as well as limitations in regulations. From those impacts, the article offers some proposals to perfect Vietnam's labor law, contributing to the current strong international integration trend.
Impacts of the global minimum tax on foreign direct investment in Vietnam and some policy recommendations
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Nguyen Hieu Trung
Published: September 2024

This research focuses on analyzing and evaluating the detailed impacts of the Global Minimum Tax (GMT) on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows in Vietnam. In this research, we identified a series of both positive and negative impacts of GMT on FDI. On the positive side, GMT has the potential to generate higher tax revenues, reduce tax optimization, create a more equitable and transparent business environment, encourage sustainable investment activities, and enhance the effectiveness of anti-tax evasion measures. However, the downside of GMT cannot be ignored. There's a risk that GMT might reduce Vietnam's competitive capacity in the global economic arena. Concurrently, this tax might also exert pressure that shifts capital out of Vietnam and intensifies illicit investment activities. To address and optimize these impacts, this article presents a series of policy solutions that the government and regulatory bodies in Vietnam can consider implementing. The primary objective is to maximize the benefits from GMT while minimizing any negative impacts it may impose. The findings from this study not only provide an in-depth understanding of GMT's impact on FDI in Vietnam but also lay the groundwork for further research, aiming for a more comprehensive assessment of GMT's influence.
Missed nursing care: An important yet challenging issue
Authors:   Nursing and Midwifery School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran, Abdollahi Reza , Bagherzadi Aynaz ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Published: September 2024

Hospitalized patients have the right to have their needs met and to receive thorough and secure care from the healthcare system. Ensuring the safety and quality of patient outcomes in nursing care poses a significant challenge for nursing personnel and administrators [1]. Missed nursing care is regarded as both an individual and organizational concern, which poses a threat to patient safety when they are deprived of comprehensive care [2]. The shortage of nursing staff, communication barriers among healthcare workers, and inadequate facilities and equipment compel nurses to prioritize certain tasks and make decisions regarding which care to provide or forgo, leading to the omission of certain aspects of care [3]. Missed nursing care is a newly defined concept based on neglect and refers to all the partial and general aspects of the patient's required care that are forgotten or delayed [4].
Effect of telenursing on self-efficacy among myocardial infarction patients: A systematic review
Authors:   Razi Teaching Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Taheri Hatkehlouei Seyed Ali , Sandanasamy Stephanie ,   Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia, Okamoto Yu ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Tojinkai Hospital, Kyoto, Japan, McFarlane Philip ,   Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Heidari Gorji Ali Morad ,   Educational Development Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Published: September 2024

A systematic review was conducted to investigate the impact of telenursing on self-efficacy in patients who have experienced Myocardial infarction (MI). We systematically searched international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, from their inception to September 1, 2023, using keywords derived from Medical Subject Headings such as "telenursing", "self-efficacy", and "myocardial infarction". Furthermore, we explored Iranian databases like Iranmedex and Scientific Information Database. The quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies was assessed using the critical assessment checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A total of 220 MI patients were enrolled in four studies. Of the MI patients, 67.29% were male and 50.00% were in the intervention group. The mean age of participants was 57.25 (SD=7.34) years. Of the included studies, four were quasi-experimental studies, three studies were conducted in Iran, and one study was conducted in Egypt. The mean study follow-up was 6 weeks. Also, the mean duration of the intervention was 11.67 minutes. In all studies, interventions were effective in increasing MI patients' self-efficacy. In sum, the findings demonstrated that telenursing can be effectively utilized by nurses to enhance the self-efficacy of patients. We recommend that healthcare managers and policymakers establish a platform that not only incorporates telenursing via telephone calls but also integrates other methods, such as video calls. This approach should aim to balance the costs associated with different telenursing methods, ensuring accessibility for all individuals. Consequently, in addition to traditional telephone calls, alternative telenursing modalities can be employed to enhance self-efficacy.