bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESSENCE OF PERSONNEL MOTIVATION AS A BASIS FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Pustovit Olena , Basuk Yelizaveta ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the topical problems of researching the essence of personnel motivation and incentives at modern enterprises. The aim of the study is to study and analyze the characteristics of staff motivation, the relationship between staff motivation and improving the efficiency of the enterprise. In the current conditions in Ukraine at the current stage of its development, the problem of motivating and stimulating employees is becoming important. And therefore, solving the problems facing society is possible only if an appropriate motivational basis is created, which will be able to induce and stimulate the personnel of enterprises to highly effective activities. Motivation as a process of influencing a person takes an important place in the system of enterprise management, personnel management and labor management. It is important not only the selection, training and organization of personnel, but also the formation of a new consciousness and mentality, methods of motivating and stimulating the individual, contributing to the significant performance of employees. The use of an effective motivation system at each enterprise testifies to the close, attentive and careful attitude of the top management to their own employees, concern for their material and social situation. The image of the enterprise depends on this, which is determined, first of all, by the proper attitude towards all members of the labor collective. The success of the enterprise is guaranteed if its employees are interested in increasing labor productivity and in the full realization of their creative potential. The article defines the essence of motivation as a complex of incentive factors, factors influencing the employee in a specific situation at the enterprise. The role of needs, interests, values and motives in the formation of conditions for effective work, which necessarily includes the quality of work, is substantiated. The approaches to the concept of «motivation» are determined by various authors and scientists. The modern tools of labor motivation and their influence on the performance of employees at the enterprise are considered. Keywords: personnel motivation, motive, need, enterprise personnel, motivation system.
LEGAL REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL CHARTER AND LINER SHIPPING
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Palchenko Alla , Pishchanskaya Elena ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: December 2021

Legal regulation of relations arising from the implementation of international transport has its own specifics. The most important conditions are defined in international agreements − conventions, which are the main source of regulation in this area of relations. The agreements contain mainly unified substantive legal norms necessary for the settlement of conflicts that most often arise in the regulation of issues in the field of international transport. It should be noted that international transport conventions also consist of conflict-of-law rules, which are invoked in the absence of unified substantive law. As a rule, conflict-of-law rules refer to national legislation, but sometimes also to the norms of international conventions. The norms of the conventions on international transportation are imperative for contracts of carriage, executed by a transport document − a bill of lading. As a rule, conflict-of-law rules refer to national legislation, but sometimes also to the norms of international conventions. The norms of the conventions on international transportation are imperative for contracts of carriage, executed by a transport document − a bill of lading. Relations in the field of maritime shipping in many cases remain subject to the provisions of domestic maritime law, which must be determined by conflict of laws rules. However, as there are again few generallyaccepted conflict-of-law rules established by international treaties, all relevant issues are resolved at the level of national case law, and it is also different. In connection with the development of the world economy and international economic relations, the question of the ability and degree of influence of maritime transport on them plays an important role. Maritime shipping is central to a single global transport system. Maritime transport is already in its format of activity is an international industry, and concerns the activities of the carrier for the movement of goods or passengers from the port of departure to the port of destination.Keywords: convention, bill of lading, charter, sea transportation, seaport
Los retos del presidente Biden en el Medio Oriente tras los ¿éxitos? obtenidos por el ex -presidente Trump. De Trump a Biden ¿ruptura o continuidad?
Authors:   Universidad de Leon, Bermejo Romualdo
Published: December 2021

La zona del Medio Oriente ha encontrado en los últimos tiempos unos vigorosos rayos de luz en las relaciones árabes-israelíes, como lo demuestran los ya conocidos Acuerdos de Abraham, liderados por el ya ex-presidente Donald Trump y por el también ya ex-primer ministro israelí Benjamin Netanyahu. Quedan, sin embargo, dos grandes temas muy importantes sin resolver: uno de ellos es el de Irán y los grupos armados apoyados masivamente por Teherán, como Hamás, Hezbolláh y otros que empiezan a tener una cierta relevancia tanto en Irak como en Siria, como lo pone de relieve la actualidad internacional; y el otro, que es más preciso, atañe a la cuestión del programa nuclear iraní, aspecto que se está tratando actualmente en las negociaciones nucleares de Viena, tras la retirada de los Estados Unidos del acuerdo nuclear de julio de 2015 por parte de Donald Trump. Esto pone de manifiesto que Irán se ha convertido en uno de los actores más importantes de la zona, lo que trae consigo que Israel siga vigilando de cerca sus actividades, y no solo las nucleares, sino también la de los diversos grupos armados que se encuentran bajo su patrocinio económico, militar y político.
Arabia Saudí: Un coloso con los pies de barro
Authors:   Universidad de Navarra, López-Jacoiste Eugenia
Published: December 2021

El fundamento político-religioso del Reino de Arabia Saudí es el wahabismo que marca su identidad, su sociedad y su política. La dinastía Al Saud defiende y expande el islam sunní en la región y fuera de sus fronteras. Para poder entender los intereses y objetivos de la política exterior saudí, este artículo analiza los principales elementos geopolíticos al servicio de la estabilidad y hegemonía de la casa Al Saud en la región más convulsa de Oriente Medio. El Gobierno saudí está desarrollando una política exterior, insospechada en el pasado para mantener su histórica alianza con Washington, a pesar de los altibajos, y transformar las viejas rivalidades entre Riad y Teherán en nuevas oportunidades, incluso con Israel. Este cambio en la política exterior saudí se debe al controvertido Príncipe Heredero Mohamed bin Salmán que sabe aprovechar la cambiante geopolítica regional y los instrumentos financieros saudíes, pero también los militares y tecnológicos a favor de una Arabia Saudí más proactiva y moderna, a pesar de sus debilidades.
Una década de guerra en Siria: Situación actual y posibles desenlaces.
Authors:   Universidad de Navarra, Cocchini Andrea
Published: December 2021

En este año 2021 se cumplen diez años del comienzo del conflicto armado en Siria que, desencadenado por unos grafitis en contra del gobierno guiado con mano autoritaria por la familia al-Assad, se ha convertido en una guerra con, al menos, 390.000 muertos, que ha acabado involucrando a numerosos Estados de Oriente Próximo, así como a grandes potencias, cada una portadora de intereses geopolíticos concretos. El presente artículo pretende dar cuenta de la situación actual de Siria y, en particular, de los objetivos particulares que mantienen en el país diversos actores. Después de que desaparecieran las dos razones principales esgrimidas para intervenir en el conflicto, quedó de manifiesto su auténtica naturaleza de guerra subsidiaria y sectaria, que se inserta en las más amplias contiendas entre rivales históricos como los Estados Unidos y Rusia, por una parte, y Arabia Saudí, Turquía e Irán, por otra, y que ninguno entre ellos parece tener interés en acabar sin recibir compensaciones.
La doctrina Netanyahu. Un cambio de paradigma en la política exterior de Israel
Authors:   Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Priego Alberto
Published: December 2021

En los casi 75 años de existencia del Estado de Israel, su política exterior ha mantenido una cierta continuidad. Algunos primeros ministros como David Ben-Gurión, Menahem Begin, Issac Rabín han dado giros a la política exterior que a largo plazo han condicionado el futuro de Israel. El pasado verano Benjamín Netanyahu salió del gobierno después de más de doce años en el cargo convirtiéndose en el mandatario israelí que más tiempo ha permanecido en el cargo. A lo largo de estos años, Benjamín Netanyahu ha introducido importantes reformas estructurales en país. Uno de estos campos ha sido la política exterior donde se puede considerar que se ha instalado una doctrina propia, la Doctrina Netanyahu. Este artículo tratará de construir los puntos fundamentales que componen esta doctrina de política exterior. Se adoptará una aproximación interpretativa usando los discursos más importantes de Benjamín Netanyahu.
Grandes expectativas y una oportunidad perdida. El tribunal especial para el Líbano y los objetivos del Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas. Una mirada crítica
Authors:   Universidad de Valencia, Torres María
Published: December 2021

Entre los diversos tribunales penales internacionales ad hoc que se han creado desde finales del siglo XX, el Tribunal Especial para el Líbano destaca por su particularidad, tanto a nivel jurisdiccional como por su contribución al tratamiento de las víctimas. La labor del Tribunal Especial para el Líbano comenzó en 2009, dictando su primera sentencia de instancia el 18 de agosto de 2020. Mediante su constitución, el Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas apostó por no abandonar el camino iniciado en 1993 con la creación de los tribunales de Yugoslavia y Ruanda; sin embargo, el resultado no ha sido el esperado. Este trabajo pretende analizar las peculiaridades del Tribunal y su trabajo, realizando un análisis crítico del mismo como oportunidad perdida para el proceso de reconstrucción del Líbano.
Del Proceso de Barcelona a la nueva agenda para el Mediterráneo: En busca de un modelo apropiado de cooperación
Authors:   Universidad de Lleida, Blanc Antonio , Ortíz Eimys
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo analiza las relaciones euro-mediterráneas en los veinticinco años transcurridos desde el lanzamiento del Proceso de Barcelona en 1995 hasta su última revisión, la Nueva Agenda Mediterránea. La política euro-mediterránea se caracteriza por la búsqueda de un modelo apropiado de cooperación que ha pasado por distintas etapas desde la Conferencia de Barcelona sin lograr resultados tangibles. Las sucesivas iniciativas, la Política Europea de Vecindad y la Unión por el Mediterráneo, parten principalmente de acontecimientos internos que exigen actualizar su relación con la región, así como de parámetros de difícil alcance. Tras examinar las distintas políticas, el trabajo aborda si la Nueva Agenda continuará incurriendo en el declive o puede reactivar la visión común de un Mediterráneo estable, seguro y próspero.
La Unión Europea y el Conflicto de Nagorno-Karabaj
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, Piernas Juan Jorge
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar la actuación de la Unión Europea en relación con el conflicto entre Armenia y Azerbaiyán sobre Nagorno-Karabaj. Con este fin, el trabajo describe, en primer lugar, la evolución a grandes rasgos del conflicto. En segundo lugar, el artículo analiza el papel de la Unión Europea en el conflicto y las medidas que propone para contribuir a su resolución en el marco de la relación que la Unión mantiene con los dos Estados implicados en el mismo, con los que colabora a través de la Política de Vecindad y la Asociación Oriental. Finalmente, el trabajo presenta una serie de consideraciones a modo de conclusión en las que se destaca el papel que la Unión Europea puede desempeñar en el futuro en relación con este conflicto.
La situación de los derechos humanos en el conflicto de Nagorno-Karabaj. Una visión desde los mecanismos de protección de Naciones Unidas.
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, Estrada Dorothy
Published: December 2021

El conflicto entre Armenia y Azerbaiyán sobre el Nagorno-Karabaj presenta hondas raíces históricas y se ha visto exacerbado por el conflicto armado de 2020. En este contexto, a menudo la situación de los derechos humanos de las personas afectadas y, en particular, los de las mujeres y niñas, queda invisibilizada. Así, este artículo analiza el conflicto refiriendo la postura general de la ONU y el Derecho Internacional Público y ampliando el lente, en especial, sobre el Derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y los mecanismos de Naciones Unidas articulados para su protección. Se presenta un enfoque específico sobre los derechos humanos de las mujeres y niñas, dando cuenta de las situaciones empíricas que enfrentan, para estudiarlas después bajo la mirada de los derechos humanos con una perspectiva de género, poniendo énfasis en lo que al respecto han manifestado los principales mecanismos de protección internacional dedicados al tema.
The Presence of Russia in Syria according to the Barakah Circle Theory: The Tartus Naval Base
Authors: ULUSOY Nurhayat
Published: December 2021

Throughout history, the central issue for Muslims all over the world relates to al-Quds and Bayt al-Maqdis. Any state that would like to have control of the globe has aimed to occupy Islamicjerusalem. This is a region that almost every superpower wants to control, and Russia has emerged as one such modern superpower. Since the time of the Soviet Union, it has had ambitions in Syria’s important port of Tartus on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and these aims are closely connected with the Holy Land. This study aims to theoretically highlight the geopolitical importance of Bayt al-Maqdis according to the Barakah Circle Theory of El-Awaisi (2005) with a case study of Russia’s Naval Base in Tartus in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. In this study, a qualitative research method is used to collect primary and secondary data. In this regard, Bayt al-Maqdis’s Barakah Circle Theory is tested according to the case study of Russia’s presence in the Mediterranean Sea.
Graffiti Inside Jordanian Public Transport Vehicles
Authors: Al Karazoun Ghada , Hamdan Jihad M.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The study reported here aims to investigate the commonest communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti written inside Jordanian public transport vehicles.

Method. The researchers collected 1,410 tokens of graffiti from six Jordanian cities, viz., Amman, Madaba, Irbid, Zarqa, Salt, and Jerash. The data which were collected from public transport vehicles included 1000 handwritten graffiti tokens and 410 custom-made stickers. Specifically, the data were collected from large and small buses as well as service and yellow taxis that lined up in main bus stations and bus stops available in front of hospitals, universities, malls and close to traffic circles. Then the categories and subcategories of graffiti were identified on the basis of their content.

Results. The analysis reveals eight communicative categories, viz., personal, interpersonal, philosophical, religious, offensive, political, humorous, and sports.

The analysis also reveals thirteen subcategories, viz., naming and self-identification, self-appraisal, love and familial relationships, philosophical perspectives, ethics of transport, decline of morals, expressions of Islamic faith, supplication, preaches, protection from the envious eye, territorial and tribal affiliation.

Conclusions The study concludes that a host of societal concerns and individuals’ feelings and thoughts are transmitted through the discourse of graffiti. The passengers and drivers have expressed their self-concentration, philosophical views, affiliation with territories and tribes, hostility and anger to individuals and groups, and allegiance to religion beliefs and traditions. The study also concludes that there are socio-psychological motives that drive writing graffiti, viz., identify oneself, release emotions, criticize individuals and groups, reveal pride and admiration, advertise goods and promote business, search for contacts, post messages for the public, express attachment to educational institutions, document the occurrence of a particular occasion. The study recommends that graffiti written inside public transport vehicles in other Arab countries be examined. Thus, one could examine to what extent the communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti along with its socio-psychological tend to show a pan-Arab base.
Psycholinguistic Potential of Political Concepts of the Election Campaign (on the example of the slogan-motto “Army. Language. Faith”)
Authors: Koch Natalia , Kaleniuk Svitlana
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is a psycholinguistic analysis of the stimulus words (Ukrainian) army, language, faith as concept-forming nominations of the appropriate text concepts in the structure of the slogan-motto (advertising slogan, political slogan) “Army. Language. Faith.” the 2019 election campaign (that is, in the context of a particular discursive practice).

Methods of the research. The application of the method of free associative experiment basing on the theory of speech influence allows to interpret the semantics of the analyzed concepts, as well as to establish their closest connections and logical relationships with other concepts. Verbal reactions to a political slogan as a whole and to its individual structural units as concept-forming nominations are interpreted as verbal representations of cognitive features of concepts.

Results. The results of the associative experiment are a relevant source of data in order to identify markers of the deep (including subconscious) mechanisms of verbal and non-verbal behavior of individuals, which can be used to form new and transform old political concepts. The presence of intersecting segments in their semantic fields testifies about the partial synthesis of diverse concepts in the recipients’ minds, in which the effect of the psycholinguistic influence of the slogan-motto is increased. The absence of such an intersection is an indicator of the information the general information field of the concepts, which is expressed in the discrete perception of the advertising slogan.

Conclusion. In the context of the speech theory influence, the first two stages of implementation the text slogan-motto “Army. Language. Faith.” into mass consciousness (attracting attention to the text and optimization its perception) were successfully implemented. A number of reasons (extralinguistic and linguistic formation, for example, the use of words with abstract, non-specific semantics “language”, “faith”) complicated the implementation of the third stage (acceptance of the content) of the implication of the text. Concept-forming nomination “army”, potentially containing negative semantic components, caused reactions associated with the emergency of cognitive disbalance in the consciousness of individuals. Comparison of the associates of the two stages of the experiment showed that the context of perception of the stimulus words is important for the respondents. Thus, the evaluative connotations of reaction words (in particular, concerning the nomination “army”) in the context of the advertising campaign of P. Poroshenko’s party and outside this context differ significantly.
Predicting EFL Learners’ Susceptibility to Various Disfluency Types Based on Gender and Age
Authors: Minavandchal Amirmahdi , Salimi Mahmood
Published: December 2021

The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship of production of speech disfluencies in EFL learners based on gender and age through regression modeling. Gender and age have been examined to influence the production of disfluencies in both native and nonnative speakers so it’s an important issue since fluency and disfluency are crucial aspects of language learning, however, the influence of age and gender on disfluency remains a controversial issue with studies often producing conflicting results with one another.

Methods. This study took a new approach to this subject as we produced regression models which can predict the likelihood of production of each disfluency type based on speakers’ age and gender. In order to do this 40 Iranian advanced EFL learners (20 male, 20 female) in four age groups (youth 19–24, young adults 25–30, adults 31–44, and older adults 45+) took part in the study. Later semi-structured interviews with a variety of questions regarding different topics were conducted and participants’ responses were first recorded and then transcribed. The frequency of occurrence of each disfluency type in participants’ speech samples formed our data. This data was then used for our regression analysis.

Results. Our findings indicated that, while filled pauses are the most frequently produced disfluency in both genders and all age groups, female speakers are more likely to produce hesitations in their speech compared to male speakers. We also found out that, older adults are less likely to produce filled pauses in their speech compared to younger speakers. With Further analyses, we also investigated the likelihood of producing certain disfluency types over other ones based on age and gender and how this may help instructors.

Conclusions. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that all six types of disfluencies are produced by the Iranian EFL learners. Also, we found that, filled pauses, hesitations, and repetitions are by far the most frequently produced disfluency types by Iranian EFL learners, respectively.
Variation in the Speech of Two Palestinian Immigrant Groups
Authors: El Salman Mahmoud
Published: December 2021

Objectives. This sociolinguistic study aims to take a close look at the differences and similarities in the linguistic behavior of two Palestinian groups and analyze these in light of social and political factors.

Methods. The study adopts the Labovian Paradigm, and face-to-face techniques are used to collect data.

Results. The first group immigrated to Jordan from Palestine as a result of being forced from their homes in 1948. They came seeking refuge in Jordan, and, because they came from Palestine, they were treated as such. When the Arab-Israeli war began nearly two decades later, a new wave of Palestinians migrated to Jordan in 1967. Yet, at this time, their Palestinian village belonged to Jordan, politically, because Jordan had annexed the West Bank in 1950. Thus, the political status of both sets of Palestinians at the beginning of their exodus played a major role in the subsequent development of their linguistic behavior in Jordan. It influenced the kind of variation that occurred in their speech. The first people to arrive were treated as Palestinian refugees, which minimized them from a social perspective. Thus, the study shows that the middle-aged and younger generations of this ethnic group abandoned their dialect, and 98.0% of them adopted the local variant. The individuals of the second set of migrants were treated as Jordanian citizens as they had simply migrated from one part of the country, namely, the West Bank, to another part of it, namely, the East Bank (Jordan). The study found a strong correlation between an individual’s identity and the political status granted by a country. Though the members of both groups are Palestinians, the study shows that all individuals behaved linguistically differently depending how they were perceived socially and politically in Jordan.

Conclusion. Palestinians emigrated in two large waves from their homeland to Jordan as the result of war. The first took place in 1948, and the second took place in 1967. The study shows that the linguistic behavior of both groups differs. The social and the political situations that each group found itself in determined, to a great extent, the linguistic behavior they adopted.
A Linguistic Profile of Narrative Speech in Early and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Can Eda , Kuruoğlu Gülmira
Published: December 2021

Objective. Alzheimer’s Dementia is defined as multiple impairments in cognitive functions and language impairment is one of the observed problems in this disease. In order to analyse these problems, narrative speech transcriptions of Turkish patients with early and late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and an age/education-matched control group were examined.

Materials & Methods. By using different language tests, the sentence production of Turkish patients with early (n: 23) and late-onset (n: 39) was examined and the results were compared within groups and within language tests. Our aim was to reveal the differences in sentence processing of Turkish Alzheimer patients.

Results. According to the results, Turkish Alzheimer patients use short and simple sentences composed of fewer words in their speech. It was determined that these patients performed better in Picnic Picture Description test, which is thought to be easy to describe. In Cookie Theft Picture Description test, which is a complex one, and in the Subject-based Narration test, it was found that the speech amounts of AD patients were less. It was revealed that early-onset AD patients used shorter sentences including fewer words compared to late-onset AD patients.

Conclusion. In the light of the data obtained, it can be said that AD patients have different sentence processing than normal individuals because of the problems in the language and memory areas of the disease. The fact that sentence processing is different means that these patients do not prefer the types of sentences that normal individuals prefer in their speeches, and use less words and simpler sentences.
Associative Dictionaries as an Ethnic Mental Phenomenon: Basic Values in the Core of Ethnic Group Language Consciousness
Authors: Dmitryuk Natalya , Abramova Galina
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Associative research is widely practiced in the field of sciences related to linguistics as an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the relationship of language with consciousness, psyche, and human culture; the corpus of associative data we have created in the Kazakh language replenishes associative lexicography in the context of broad intercultural comparisons.

Materials and methods. The dictionaries of the associative norms of the Kazakh language (Dmitryuk, 1978; Dmitryuk, Moldalieva et al., 2014), prepared on the basis of data of free associative experiments (SAE) with 1000 Kazakh students, contain unique information about the mentality and ethnocultural characteristics of the Kazakh ethnic group in the Soviet and modern period.

FAE is a well-known method of employing the associative experiment data, the reliable way to access a person’s linguistic consciousness; statistical processing of the FAE body associative data provided for the analytical comparison of a hierarchical sequence of the Kazakh basic values as a linguistic consciousness core – its central and peripheral zones – in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods.

Results. Due to the diachronic and interethnic comparative analysis: such basic Kazakh values as religion beliefs, freedom, sovereignty, state symbols have been subjected to the significant changes; ethnic cultural kernel preferences remained traditionally unchanged, constituting the specific essence of the ethnic national mentality: attitude to motherland, mother, elders, men, gender and age as specific peculiarities in the hierarchy of family relations.

Conclusions. The intralingua comparison of the dictionaries’ contents revealed a very stable body of unchanging value priorities, indicating a fairly strong core and a significant vitality degree of Kazakh society.

The work contributes to the intercultural associative research, associative lexicography and provides for the development of promising research in Psycholinguistics in Kazakhstan.
Personal Qualities of M.S. Gorbachev and B.N. Yeltsin in Language Consciousness of Humanities Students
Authors: Bubnova Irina , Tokareva Elena
Published: December 2021

Objectives. The study aims at identifying and describing a fragment of the linguistic consciousness of humanitarian students, reflecting their ideas about the personal qualities of M.S. Gorbachev and B.N. Yeltsin. The additional tasks are: (1) to compare the characteristics identified experimentally with the linguistic characteristics of these personalities in the official mass media; (2) to analyze the role of media discourse in the formation of images of the politicians under study.

Material and Methods. The method of unipolar personal semantic differential is used. The process of the results included the identification of group universal assessments, their qualitative analysis, comparison and qualitative analysis of the similarities and differences of the universal evaluations of the stimuli studied. Media texts published for the 90th anniversary of Gorbachev and the 90th anniversary of Yeltsin, selected by the method of random (serial) sampling, were analyzed qualitatively

Results. Group semantic universals reflecting students’ perceptions of the politicians studied are poor in content. The most striking characteristic of Gorbachev are selfishness and deceitfulness, unlike Yeltsin he is thought to be hardworking and calm. A distinctive feature of Yeltsin is ambition. Both leaders appear as free in their behavior, the difference lies in the fact that Gorbachev is considered experienced, but devoid of tact and flexibility, Yeltsin lacks creativity, wit and malevolence. Both combine such traits as sociability, activity and intelligence. The experiment does not record the qualities that are emphasized in mass media – kindness and care for the good of the country.

Conclusions. The ideas of students about the personal qualities of Gorbachev and Yeltsin are rather vague, “kaleidoscopic” in nature. The group assessment of the personal characteristics of these politicians does not coincide with the interpretation offered by various mass media. Mass media today do not contribute to the development of a view of the history shared by a significant part of society, which, in turn, leads to the conservation of socio-political contradictions in society. Moreover, modern media, despite its advantageous position, now play rather a destructive role in creating a common view of the history of Russia and the quality of its recent leaders. The result may be a state of psychological conflict in society directly related to culture and the human self, with “identification confusion” (the term of E. Erickson) that has the function of a collective ego.
Lesya Ukrainka's Poetry in Chinese Translation: Psycholinguistic Aspect
Authors: Isaeva Natalia , Akimova Alina , Akimova Anastasiya , Chernyshova Svitlana
Published: December 2021

Aim of the study. On the basis of the theories of dynamic translation, determine the degree of correspondence between the psycho-cognitive reactions of Ukrainian and Chinese recipients to the original and translated texts of the poetry-cycle of Lesya Ukrainian “Tears-Pearls”.

Research methods. Psycholinguistic methods of empirical research are basic in this article: Osgood’s semantic differential method, content analysis and free associative experiment, other linguistic methods (cognitive and semantic analysis) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description and classification of linguistic facts) are also used.

Results. On the basis of previous theoretical studies, the essential characteristics of translation as a psycho-cognitive process have been established. It is argued that the degree of equivalence of the translation of a literary text is determined not only by the work of the translator, but also by the emotional-evaluative reaction of the target recipients. An important thesis is that the perception of the text (original and translation) is influenced by the interhemispheric asymmetry of the mental activity of speakers of different languages (Clark & Paivio, 1991; Fenollosa, 1968; Zasyekin, 2010). Empirical research has shown that the “right-brain” imaginative thinking of the Chinese partly determines the degree of equivalence of their perception of the translation of Lesya Ukrainka’s poetry. The semantic profiles showed a fairly neutral emotional and evaluative reaction of the Chinese to translation incentives, which, in our opinion, was conditioned by the ethnonational specifics of the original text and the difference in poetic traditions. Despite the preservation of the thematic categories of the original in translation, in the new (Chinese) semantic space, these categories partly acquired other sociocultural meanings, which significantly influenced the equivalence of the translation.

Conclusions. The degree of conformity of the psycho-cognitive reaction of target recipients to the original and the translation is determined not only by the type of mental activity of speakers of different languages, but also by a number of extralinguistic factors that determine the formation and state of activity of the verbal-associative network of representatives of different nations.
INSERÇÃO DO COOPERATIVISMO DE CRÉDITO NOS MUNICÍPIOS
Authors: Sccott Carla Rosane da Costa , Reisdorfer Vitor Kochhann , Brandão Janaína Balk , Haas Fernando Reichert , Fin Sandro José
Published: December 2021

Esse estudo tem como objetivo geral “analisar as contribuições do cooperativismo de crédito para o desenvolvimento econômico e social das comunidades locais, através de suas as ações estratégicas de negócios para administração da folha de pagamento dos Municípios do RS”. Em se tratando dos aspectos metodológicos, esta pesquisa é do tipo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, na qual foi realizado um estudo de caso numa Cooperativa de Crédito no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Como resultados, constatou-se que o cooperativismo de crédito pode contribuir com o desenvolvimento econômico e social de seus cooperados e da comunidade, através de suas ações estratégicas na oferta de seus produtos e serviços, tais como, prática de taxas de juros menos expressivas; assessoria para educação financeira; ações de responsabilidade social, identificação das necessidades e perfis de seus associados considerando suas reais necessidades. De acordo com estas ações foi verificada uma economia de R$ 16,1 milhões ao ano aos seus associados do Segmento Servidor Público Municipal. Além disso, os R$ 6,9 milhões que a Cooperativa investiu na licitação junto aos municípios, foram investidos em ações sociais contribuindo para melhoria da qualidade de vida da comunidade local.
Test rig dedicated for hardware used in wind tunnels
Authors: Ordon Aleksandra , Kurnyta-Mazurek Paulina
Published: December 2021

The paper present the results of work on measurement system dedicated to hardware used during wind tunnel tests, especially to servomechanisms. These devices could be applied to set specific position of control surface. Proposed system would ensure continuous monitoring of servo-rotor position and servo-motor temperature and would avoid uncontrolled change of control surface position.
The application designed to monitor the operating status of the servomechanism was prepared in the LabVIEW software and was implemented on the myRIO platform. Developed test rig allow to register time histories of servo-rotor position and temperature during for different values of applied load. In the paper, test methodology were also presented.
Experimental studies show that before wind tunnel tests, selected servomechanism should be tested in terms of maintaining the parameters declared by the manufacturer, especially during continuous operation. Developed measurement system can be used during wind tunnel tests, as well as only for servo-mechanism parameter testing.
KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM DITINJAU DARI SELF CONFIDENCE PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Zalfa Nazhifah Nurul , Sina Ibnu , Rokhman M Shaefur
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk : (1) menganalisis kemampuan komunikasi matematis tertulis dalam pembelajaran yang menggunakan google classroom ditinjau dari self confidence peserta didik dan (2) menganalisis kemampuan komunikasi matematis lisan dalam pembelajaran yang menggunakan google classroom ditinjau dari self confidence peserta didik pada materi statistika kelas VIII E SMP Negeri 5 Adiwerna. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan angket untuk mendapatkan data self confidence, tes dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan data kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) kemampuan komunikasi matematis tulis peserta didik dengan self confidence tinggi memenuhi empat indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis, subjek dengan self cofidence sedang hanya memenuhi tiga indikator kemampuan komunikasi tulis, dan subjek dengan self confidence rendah hanya memenuhi satu indikator kemampuan komunikasi. 2) kemampuan komunikasi matematis lisan peserta didik dengan self confidence tinggi memenuhi empat indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis, subjek dengan self cofidence sedang hanya memenuhi tiga indikator kemampuan komunikasi lisan dan subjek dengan self confidence rendah hanya memenuhi dua indikator kemampuan komunikasi lisan.
LEMBAR KERJA SISWA BERBASIS MASALAH PADA MATERI BENTUK ALJABAR SISWA SMP
Authors: Pangastuti Paramita Dwi , Marhamah Marhamah , Surmilasari Nora
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Lembar Kerja Siswa SMP Berbasis Masalah yang valid dan praktis pada materi Bentuk Aljabar. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), namun pada penelitian ini tahap implementation dibatasi hanya untuk ujicoba kelompok kecil (small group). Pengambilan data penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Sumber Marga Telang. Pelaksanaannya mulai dari permulaan sampai akhir penelitian yaitu dari September 2020 sampai Januari 2021. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh dari aspek kevalidan dan kepraktisan: a) aspek kevalidanÂ  diperoleh berdasarkan tigaÂ  penilaian validator terhadap isi, konstruk, dan bahasa dengan skor validator pertama 90,76% dalam kategori â€œsangat validâ€, skor validator kedua 82,25% dalam kategori â€œsangat validâ€, dan skor validator ketiga 84,55% dalam kategori â€œsangat validâ€. b) aspek kepraktisan diperoleh berdasarkan 6 angket respon siswa yang diberikan pada tahap ujicoba kelompok kecil (small group) selesai dengan skor rata-rata 77,78% dalam kategori â€œpraktisâ€.
Iras sordas y ciegas de los radicales al pensar las diversidades e inclusiones
Authors: González González Miguel Alberto
Published: December 2021

Es complejo o arriesgado abordar las disimiles formas humanas de mostrar nuestras radicalidades, porque cuando se despliega el mundo de los extremos lucimos débiles, bastante pobres para vivir juntos, precarios para resolver los problemas sociales que nos conmueven o aquejan. Se insiste en libros poéticos, jurídicos, sagrados, políticos, científicos y hasta filosóficos para confrontar nuestras radicalidades; algunos de esos textos son radicales en sí mismos, ciegos y sordos en lo que atacan y en lo que proponen resolver. Un choque de culturas o de intereses desencadena un desencuentro de enceguecidos-sordos cuyos desenlaces no logran intuirse, pero que terminan por padecer los grupos humanos y su propio entorno. A las cegueras y sorderas no físicas sino lingüísticas y culturales les debemos guerras, divisiones, odios y venganzas consumadas en penosas histerias “historizadas”
Acción y diversidad: Horizontes Éticos en Tiempos de Incertidumbre
Authors: Acevedo Gómez Wilmar de Jesus
Published: December 2021

La presente es una reflexión que surge en el marco de una investigación que pretende hacer, a través del método análisis de contenido, un reconocimiento y caracterización crítica de las propuestas de formación humana de tres universidades confesionales (católicas) colombianas. Esta investigación está distribuida en seis partes y la reflexión que se presenta en este caso es fruto de una de ellas (elementos comunes a los currícula y contenidos curriculares). Más que resultados definitivos, es una provocación para seguir reflexionando en torno a los posibles horizontes éticos en tiempos de incertidumbre.
El Desplazamiento Forzado en Colombia: Experiencias y Categorías Para una Antropología de lo Efímero. 2000 - 2012
Authors: Castro José Alcides
Published: December 2021

Este texto busca articular una mirada retrospectiva sobre lo que significa la experiencia del desplazamiento forzado en Colombia. A partir de cinco inflexiones que surgieron después de la revisión de un corpus textual de más de 150 investigaciones sobre el tema, reconstruye esta experiencia centrando la mirada en un primer momento en el lenguaje jurídico; luego realiza una intersección entre la mirada y el lugar donde aparecen los trabajos y las categorías que surgieron en cada región, para después aproximarse al concepto de Biopolítica, a los dilemas éticos de la investigación y a la forma en que esta experiencia ha sido traducida a través de la fotografía. A manera de cierre, el artículo centra su atención en la relación que existe entre el desplazamiento forzado, la memoria y la educación como acontecimiento ético.
Cognición y emociones situadas: una mirada sobre el proceso de aprendizaje situado
Authors: Dominguez Rojas Ana Lorena
Published: December 2021

El presente es un documento de reflexión teórica en el que se examinan tres categorías conceptuales y sus posibles relaciones: la cognición situada, las emociones situadas y el aprendizaje situado. El objetivo es mostrar las ventajas de un aprendizaje situado respecto de un aprendizaje memorístico ya que el primero conduce a la generación de experiencias con mayor sentido para los estudiantes en la medida que se busca relacionar lo que se aprende con el contexto y las experiencias cotidianas. Así, el aprendizaje situado está cobijado por un modelo de cognición en donde encontramos a un sujeto que construye conocimiento desde el hacer, el contexto, el mundo, los objetos y las otras personas. De manera especial, se examina el papel de las emociones como aspectos potencializadores y activos en el aprendizaje situado.
La intersubjetividad como mediadora en la experiencia pedagógica de los colectivos de docentes y estudiantes
Authors: Gaviria Cano Ana Sofía , García Zapata Angélica
Published: December 2021

Se presentan los resultados parciales de una investigación que tuvo como interrogante ¿cuáles son las creencias sobre los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje colaborativo que tienen docentes y estudiantes universitarios?; en tal sentido, estas creencias se abordan desde la experiencia que tienen los jóvenes universitarios frente al aprendizaje colaborativo en la estrategia pedagógica de colectivos de docentes y estudiantes, en la que se especifican las interacciones que se tejen y las atribuciones que se dan a la tarea y al rol que cada actor tiene en la relación. En la investigación se evidenció la necesidad de facilitar los procesos de aprendizaje desde el intercambio subjetivo, en el cual las creencias prescriben los procesos comunicativos, y por tanto, el tipo de interacciones que se dan en el proceso.
Antecedentes históricos del arte de la memoria
Authors: Iodice Rosario , García Meilán Juan José
Published: December 2021

El arte de la memoria es una disciplina con mas de dos mil quinientos años de historia. Hace referencia a una actividad del ingenio humano que se manifiesta con una capacidad o habilidad adquirida con el uso de especificas estrategias metacognitivas, cuya finalidad es la adquisición, elaboración y recuperación de las informaciones que se quieren guardar en la memoria. Con el presente trabajo se hace un recurrido histórico del “arte de la memoria” desde sus orígenes hasta Giordano Bruno, reconocido como el mayor exponente del Renacimiento en esta arte.
Mujer, participación y Políticas modernas
Authors: Limón Dominguez Dolores , Alcántara Rubio Lucía , Lugo Muñoz Mar
Published: December 2021

El “sentir femenino” proporciona la posibilidad de nuevos modos de relacionarnos, cualitativamente diferentes a los transitados hasta ahora. También ofrece la posibilidad de vivenciar y experimentar una moralidad que se alimente de renovados valores basados en la igualdad y la cooperación, pero, sobre todo, en la generosidad y la justicia. El aporte de este texto se fundamenta en la necesidad de ubicar la sostenibilidad de la vida en el centro de las prioridades económicas, sociales, culturales y, por tanto, educativas. La calidad de vida y la justicia social son realidades por conquistar, a distribuir equitativamente. Para ello, se necesita que, desde todos los foros influyentes, se construya una ética educativa, justa y dialógica, imprescindible para rescatar “lo femenino”. Encontramos en el ecofeminismo una acción política y crítica que toma partido y busca entender las raíces interconectadas de toda dominación
Configuraciones de las libertades políticas en los movimientos de mujeres del departamento del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: López Daza Diva
Published: December 2021

Este artículo es un resultado parcial de una investigación sobre las configuraciones de las libertades de los movimientos de mujeres del departamento del Cauca, Colombia. El diálogo con los teóricos que acompaña la ruta investigativa caminada desde la perspectiva metodológica y cimentada en el método de la hermenéutica de carácter etnográfica, busca comprender las condiciones en que los movimientos de mujeres del Cauca vienen configurando sus libertades políticas desde los años 2000 hasta el 2017. Desde los hallazgos interpretados, se entregan conclusiones y recomendaciones motivadas desde los lenguajes estéticos que potencian las resistencias reivindicativas, revolucionarias y recreadoras de los movimientos de mujeres, para construir la emancipación, mejorar las condiciones de vida, de dignidad humana y las configuraciones de la libertad.
El no-lugar de la experiencia de la lectura
Authors: Matos de Souza Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

La lectura, hace mucho tiempo, parece haber quedado en una analogía de naturaleza teológica, esperando para que en algún momento algún dios o demonio, cualquiera que sea, la lleve como fenómeno en condiciones de habitar el panteón de objetos ubicados y plenamente identificados en un Olimpo. No quiero decir con esto que hay un desinterés por la lectura; sin embargo, el interés existe. Tal como existe, el interés por muchas prácticas sociales parece existir un reconocimiento social, mediático y de los discursos universitarios y escolares de que la lectura es un fenómeno importante y la expresión que recuerda la importancia de la lectura está en todas las clases, grupos y identidades que componen la sociedad. La aporía de la lectura es que ella parece demasiado importante para que, de hecho, alguien se importe con ella.
Imagen y sonido alrededor: la potencia del falso en el cine brasileño contemporáneo
Authors: Monteiro Garcia Midian Angélica
Published: December 2021

Discutir el arte, en un momento en que Brasil pasa por una sombría ola de conservadurismo, es relevante, pues, paradójicamente, ha sido siempre una Confrontación con el sentido común y contra la naturalización de los valores reactivos que el arte, por lo menos el arte que cuya potencia de comprometimiento con el presente nos interesa, se coloca en la historia, o, como decía Walter Benjamín, a contrapelo de ella. Es decir: si una exposición de arte es capaz de provocar reacciones moralistas -e incluso incoherentes-, ella todavía puede cumplir un rol preponderante de "ser en contra" y hacer extrañar, en las entrañas del imaginario colectivo, las certezas cristalizadas y tornadas "familiarizadas" por la repetición sin diferencia del conservadurismo