bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are there functional biomechanical differences in robotic arm-assisted bi-unicompartmental knee arthroplasty compared with conventional total knee arthroplasty? A prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Banger Matthew S. , Doonan James , Jones Bryn G. , MacLean Angus D. , Rowe Philip J. , Blyth Mark J. G.
Published: April 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare any differences in the primary outcome (biphasic flexion knee moment during gait) of robotic arm-assisted bi-unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (bi-UKA) with conventional mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at one year post-surgery.

Methods

A total of 76 patients (34 bi-UKA and 42 TKA patients) were analyzed in a prospective, single-centre, randomized controlled trial. Flat ground shod gait analysis was performed preoperatively and one year postoperatively. Knee flexion moment was calculated from motion capture markers and force plates. The same setup determined proprioception outcomes during a joint position sense test and one-leg standing. Surgery allocation, surgeon, and secondary outcomes were analyzed for prediction of the primary outcome from a binary regression model.

Results

Both interventions were shown to be effective treatment options, with no significant differences shown between interventions for the primary outcome of this study (18/35 (51.4%) biphasic TKA patients vs 20/31 (64.5%) biphasic bi-UKA patients; p = 0.558). All outcomes were compared to an age-matched, healthy cohort that outperformed both groups, indicating residual deficits exists following surgery. Logistic regression analysis of primary outcome with secondary outcomes indicated that the most significant predictor of postoperative biphasic knee moments was preoperative knee moment profile and trochlear degradation (Outerbridge) (R2 = 0.381; p = 0.002, p = 0.046). A separate regression of alignment against primary outcome indicated significant bi-UKA femoral and tibial axial alignment (R2 = 0.352; p = 0.029), and TKA femoral sagittal alignment (R2 = 0.252; p = 0.016). The bi-UKA group showed a significant increased ability in the proprioceptive joint position test, but no difference was found in more dynamic testing of proprioception.

Conclusion

Robotic arm-assisted bi-UKA demonstrated equivalence to TKA in achieving a biphasic gait pattern after surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. Both treatments are successful at improving gait, but both leave the patients with a functional limitation that is not present in healthy age-matched controls. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;103-B(4):433–443.
Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention after revision arthroplasty
Authors: Veerman Karin , Raessens Joris , Telgt Denise , Smulders Katrijn , Goosen Jon H. M.
Published: April 2022

Aims

Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) is a widely accepted form of surgical treatment for patients with an early periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after primary arthroplasty. The outcome of DAIR after revision arthroplasty, however, has not been reported. The aim of this study was to report the success rate of DAIR after revision arthroplasty with a follow-up of two years.

Methods

This retrospective study, conducted at the Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, included 88 patients who underwent DAIR within 90 days of revision total hip or total knee arthroplasty between 2012 and 2019. Details of the surgical procedures and PJI were collected. Univariate analysis and a subgroup analysis of the culture-positive group were performed. Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves were constructed.

Results

The overall success rate of DAIR, with respect to the retention of components and the cure of infection, was 68% after two years. DAIR performed with an interval of > 30 days after the index revision procedure (odds ratio (OR) 0.24 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08 to 0.72); p = 0.008), a repeated DAIR within 90 days (OR 0.37 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.97); p = 0.040), and the use of an immunosuppressive agent (OR 0.13 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.67); p = 0.012) were associated with a significantly reduced success rate. In the culture-positive group, a mismatch between the antibiotic treatment and the susceptibility of the organism was associated with a significantly lower success rate (OR 0.13 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.62); p = 0.007).

Conclusion

DAIR is an acceptable form of surgical treatment for patients with a suspected early PJI after revision arthroplasty of the hip or knee. DAIRs performed after a prolonged interval, multiple DAIRs, and antibiotic mismatches were significantly associated with an increased risk of failure. Optimization of the host immune response and the prevention of antibiotic mismatch are modifiable factors that may improve the outcome. The high rate of mismatches was an important finding, underlining the need for a review of the local microbiological data, which might improve the outcome. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(4):464–471.
Curve type, flexibility, correction, and rotation are predictors of curve progression in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing conservative treatment
Authors: Wong Lester P. K. , Cheung Prudence W. H. , Cheung Jason P. Y.
Published: April 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to review the current evidence surrounding curve type and morphology on curve progression risk in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted by two independent reviewers on PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science to obtain all published information on morphological predictors of AIS progression. Search items included ‘adolescent idiopathic scoliosis’, ‘progression’, and ‘imaging’. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were carefully defined. Risk of bias of studies was assessed with the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool, and level of evidence for each predictor was rated with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. In all, 6,286 publications were identified with 3,598 being subjected to secondary scrutiny. Ultimately, 26 publications (25 datasets) were included in this review.

Results

For unbraced patients, high and moderate evidence was found for Cobb angle and curve type as predictors, respectively. Initial Cobb angle > 25° and thoracic curves were predictive of curve progression. For braced patients, flexibility < 28% and limited in-brace correction were factors predictive of progression with high and moderate evidence, respectively. Thoracic curves, high apical vertebral rotation, large rib vertebra angle difference, small rib vertebra angle on the convex side, and low pelvic tilt had weak evidence as predictors of curve progression.

Conclusion

For curve progression, strong and consistent evidence is found for Cobb angle, curve type, flexibility, and correction rate. Cobb angle > 25° and flexibility < 28% are found to be important thresholds to guide clinical prognostication. Despite the low evidence, apical vertebral rotation, rib morphology, and pelvic tilt may be promising factors. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(4):424–432.
Plasmonic origami: tuning optical properties by periodic folding of a gold nano film
Authors: Wang S. , Arnaud L. , Essaidi S. , Blaize S. , Kostcheev S. , Bruyant A. , Hmima A. , Hadjar Y. , Macias D. , Adam P.-M. , Dogbé Foli E. A. , Nicolas R. , Vincent R.
Published: April 2022

Novel plasmonic structures are on the rise, with applications varying from sensing and spectroscopy to solar cells and biological therapies. In this work, we introduce a plasmonic metasurface with a very rich dispersion spectrum, measured both experimentally and numerically. It shows a tunable absorption that depends on the folding angle and periodicity. A detailed numerical analysis identifies the presence of quasi-omnidirectional absorption. This broad directional absorption mode matches a Fabry–Perot resonance of a surface plasmon polariton along an elementary segment of the periodic structure. This geometry induced wide directional absorption is highly promising for a variety of photonic, light harvesting, and sensing applications.
Giant inverse Faraday effect in a plasmonic crystal ring
Authors: Aizin G. R. , Mikalopas J. , Shur M.
Published: April 2022

Circularly polarized electromagnetic wave impinging on a conducting ring with a two-dimensional electron channel generates a circulating DC plasmonic current resulting in an inverse Faraday effect in nanorings. We show that a large ring with periodically modulated width on a nanoscale, smaller or comparable with the plasmonic mean free path, supports plasmon energy bands. When circularly polarized radiation impinges on such a plasmonic ring, it produces resonant DC plasmonic current on a macro scale resulting in a giant inverse Faraday effect. The systems comprised of the concentric variable-width rings (“plasmonic disks”) and stacked plasmonic disks (“plasmonic solenoids”) amplify the generated constant magnetic field by orders of magnitude.
Performance enhancement of solar cells based on high photoelectric conversion efficiency of h-BN and metal nanoparticles
Authors: Zhu Jun , Jin Guangming
Published: April 2022

In this article, we propose a new type of CdTe thin-film solar cell based on a CdTe/CdS heterojunction. We used the finite difference time domain method to simulate the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the time domain under certain boundary conditions and the change in the absorption rate of cells when optimising the structure. The simulation shows that the light absorption rate of the cell is significantly enhanced after adding h-BN and metal particles to the proposed structure. Under the irradiation of standard light AM1.5 with the wavelength range of 300 nm to 1000 nm, presenting a 90% absorption bandwidth over 700 nm, and the average absorption rate is as high as 92.9%. The short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage are 30.98 mA/cm2 and 1.155 V, respectively, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) increases to 30.76%, which is an increase of 27.58% compared to the original PCE. The result shows that, after metal nanoparticles are embedded in the absorption layer of the cell, the free electrons on the surface of the metal particles oscillate under the action of light. The electromagnetic field is confined to a small area on the surface of the particles and is enhanced, which is beneficial for the absorption of light by the cells. This study provides a basis for theoretical research and feasible solutions for the manufacture of thin-film solar cells with a high absorption rate and high efficiency.
Photon transport and interference of bound states in a one-dimensional waveguide
Authors: Wang Yu Lu , Yang Ya , Lu Jing , Zhou Lan
Published: April 2022

We study the coherent scattering process of photons in two waveguides chiral coupling to a Λ-type three-level system (3LS). The 3LS acts as a few-photon router that can direct photons with unity. By adjusting the classical field applied to the 3LS, the tunneling paths between two waveguides can be turned off and on, but two photons can not be routed simultaneously from one port of the incident waveguide to an arbitrarily selected port of the other waveguide. Moreover, driven field controls the number of the bi-photon bound states and the interference pattern of the bi-photon bound states.
2.805 Gbit/s high-bandwidth phosphor white light visible light communication utilizing an InGaN/GaN semipolar blue micro-LED
Authors: Chang Yun-Han , Huang Yu-Ming , Liou Fang-Jyun , Chow Chi-Wai , Liu Yang , Kuo Hao-Chung , Yeh Chien-Hung , Gunawan Wahyu Hendra , Hung Tun-Yao , Jian Yin-He
Published: April 2022

We propose and implement a high-bandwidth white-light visible light communication (VLC) system accomplishing data rate of 2.805 Gbit/s utilizing a semipolar blue micro-LED. The system uses an InGaN/GaN semipolar (20-21) blue micro-LED to excite yellow phosphor film for high-speed VLC. The packaged 30 μm 2 × 4 blue micro-LED array has an electrical-to-optical (EO) bandwidth of 1042.5 MHz and a peak wavelength of 447 nm. The EO bandwidth of the white-light VLC system is 849 MHz. Bit error rate (BER) of 2.709 × 10−3 meeting the pre-forward error correction (FEC) threshold is accomplished by employing a bit and power loaded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. The proposed white-light VLC system employs simple and inexpensive yellow phosphor film for white-light conversion, complex color conversion material is not needed. Besides, no optical blue filter is employed in the white-light VLC system. The fabrication of the InGaN/GaN semipolar (20-21) blue micro-LED is discussed, and its characteristics are also evaluated.
Intensity-based iterative reconstruction for helical grating interferometry breast CT with static grating configuration
Authors: Xu Jinqiu , Wang Zhentian , van Gogh Stefano , Rawlik Michał , Spindler Simon , Stampanoni Marco
Published: April 2022

Grating interferometry breast computed tomography (GI-BCT) has the potential to provide enhanced soft tissue contrast and to improve visualization of cancerous lesions for breast imaging. However, with a conventional scanning protocol, a GI-BCT scan requires longer scanning time and higher operation complexity compared to conventional attenuation-based CT. This is mainly due to multiple grating movements at every projection angle, so-called phase stepping, which is used to retrieve attenuation, phase, and scattering (dark-field) signals. To reduce the measurement time and complexity and extend the field of view, we have adopted a helical GI-CT setup and present here the corresponding tomographic reconstruction algorithm. This method allows simultaneous reconstruction of attenuation, phase contrast, and scattering images while avoiding grating movements. Experiments on simulated phantom and real initial intensity, visibility and phase maps are provided to validate our method.
Single-shot quantitative aberration and scattering length measurements in mouse brain tissues using an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor
Authors: Imperato Sophia , Harms Fabrice , Hubert Antoine , Mercier Mathias , Bourdieu Laurent , Fragola Alexandra
Published: April 2022

Deep fluorescence imaging in mammalian brain tissues remains challenging due to scattering and optical aberration-induced loss in signal and resolution. Correction of aberrations using adaptive optics (AO) requires their reliable measurement in the tissues. Here, we show that an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (ESSH) allows quantitative aberration measurements through fixed brain slices with a thickness up to four times their scattering length. We demonstrate in particular that this wavefront measurement method based on image correlation is more robust to scattering compared to the standard centroid-based approach. Finally, we obtain a measurement of the tissue scattering length taking advantage of the geometry of a Shack-Hartmann sensor.
High directionality of surface radiation for surface emitting distributed feedback lasers
Authors: Tian Kun , Zou Yonggang , Guan Mingyue , Shi Linlin , Zhang He , Xu Yingtian , Fan Jie , Tang Hui , Ma Xiaohui
Published: April 2022

Improving the directionality of surface radiation is the key to increase the output power and the differential quantum efficiency of grating-coupled surface-emitting distributed feedback lasers. We proposed a scheme to realize the high directionality of surface radiation. In the structure, the second-order grating is fabricated on the p-side of the epitaxial wafer. A SiO2/Si3N4 multilayer reflector arranged above the grating is used to redirect the upward-diffracted beam. The design of the intermediate layer between the grating and the reflector is an important part of achieving high directionality, because the adjustment of its thickness can be used to phase the redirected light with the downward-diffracted light. The calculation results show that the directionality of this structural scheme can reach more than 98% which meets the device requirements. This design provides a reference for surface-emitting distributed feedback lasers with high performance and high stability.
The stochastic logistic model with correlated carrying capacities reproduces beta-diversity metrics of microbial communities
Authors: Zaoli Silvia , Grilli Jacopo
Published: April 2022

The large taxonomic variability of microbial community composition is a consequence of the combination of environmental variability, mediated through ecological interactions, and stochasticity. Most of the analysis aiming to infer the biological factors determining this difference in community structure start by quantifying how much communities are similar in their composition, trough beta-diversity metrics. The central role that these metrics play in microbial ecology does not parallel with a quantitative understanding of their relationships and statistical properties. In particular, we lack a framework that reproduces the empirical statistical properties of beta-diversity metrics. Here we take a macroecological approach and introduce a model to reproduce the statistical properties of community similarity. The model is based on the statistical properties of individual communities and on a single tunable parameter, the correlation of species’ carrying capacities across communities, which sets the difference of two communities. The model reproduces quantitatively the empirical values of several commonly-used beta-diversity metrics, as well as the relationships between them. In particular, this modeling framework naturally reproduces the negative correlation between overlap and dissimilarity, which has been observed in both empirical and experimental communities and previously related to the existence of universal features of community dynamics. In this framework, such correlation naturally emerges due to the effect of random sampling.
Development of 16 novel EST-SSR markers for species identification and cross-genus amplification in sambar, sika, and red deer
Authors: Hsiao Chen , Lin Hsin-Hung , Kang Shann-Ren , Hung Chien-Yi , Sun Pei-Yu , Yu Chieh-Cheng , Toh Kok-Lin , Yu Pei-Ju , Ju Yu-Ten
Published: April 2022

Deer genera around the globe are threatened by anthropogenic interference. The translocation of alien species and their subsequent genetic introgression into indigenous deer populations is particularly harmful to the species of greatest conservation concern. Products derived from deer, including venison and antler velvet, are also at risk of fraudulent labeling. The current molecular markers used to genetically identify deer species were developed from genome sequences and have limited applicability for cross-species amplification. The absence of efficacious diagnostic techniques for identifying deer species has hampered conservation and wildlife crime investigation efforts. Expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers are reliable tools for individual and species identification, especially in terms of cross-species genotyping. We conducted transcriptome sequencing of sambar (Rusa unicolor) antler velvet and acquired 11,190 EST-SSRs from 65,074 newly assembled unigenes. We identified a total of 55 unambiguous amplicons in sambar (n = 45), which were selected as markers to evaluate cross-species genotyping in sika deer (Cervus nippon, n = 30) and red deer (Cervus elaphus, n = 46), resulting in cross-species amplification rates of 94.5% and 89.1%, respectively. Based on polymorphic information content (>0.25) and genotyping fidelity, we selected 16 of these EST-SSRs for species identification. This marker set revealed significant genetic differentiation based on the fixation index and genetic distance values. Principal coordinate analysis and STRUCTURE analysis revealed distinct clusters of species and clearly identified red-sika hybrids. These markers showed applicability across different genera and proved suitable for identification and phylogenetic analyses across deer species.
The role of CDH2 and MCP-1 mRNAs of blood extracellular vesicles in predicting early-stage diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Dehghanbanadaki Hojat , Forouzanfar Katayoon , Kakaei Ardeshir , Zeidi Samaneh , Salehi Negar , Arjmand Babak , Razi Farideh , Hashemi Ehsan
Published: April 2022

Background

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are involved in intercellular communication by transferring biomolecules such as mRNA, which has been shown to be as essential biomarkers for many physiological and pathological conditions such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aimed to investigate the expression of CDH1, CDH2, MCP-1, and PAI-1 mRNAs in blood EVs of DN patients and to determine their accuracy in predicting early-stage DN.

Methods

We recruited 196 participants, including 35 overt DN patients, 53 incipient DN patients, 62 diabetic patients (DM), and 46 healthy individuals. Quantification of the mRNA profile of blood EVs was performed using the qRT-PCR method. The diagnostic performance of mRNA was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results

The mRNA expression of CDH2 and MCP-1 was downregulated in overt DN group (0.22-fold change and 0.15-fold change, respectively) and incipient DN group (0.60-fold change and 0.43-fold change, respectively) compared to DM group (1.72-fold change and 2.77-fold change, respectively), while PAI-1 mRNA expression decreased in incipient DN group (0.70-fold change) and DM group (0.58-fold change) compared to control. However, the expression level of CDH1 mRNA was not significantly different among the four groups (p = 0.408). Moreover, CDH2 and MCP-1 mRNAs inversely correlated with creatinine (r = -0.370 and r = -0.361, p<0.001) and Alb/Cr ratio (r = -0.355 and r = -0.297, p<0.001). 1/CDH2 mRNA also predicted overt DN with an accuracy of 0.75 (95%CI: 0.65–0.85) and incipient DN with an accuracy of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.50–0.71) while 1/MCP-1 mRNA had an accuracy of 0.66 (95%CI: 0.55–0.77) for overt DN prediction and an accuracy of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.51–0.71) for incipient DN prediction.

Conclusion

CDH2 and MCP-1 mRNAs expression in blood EVs was decreased with the development of DN, suggesting the renoprotective effect of these mRNAs in diabetic individuals. Moreover, their quantifications could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage DN.
Spontaneous rate of clonal single nucleotide mutations in Daphnia galeata
Authors: Pfenninger Markus , Doria Halina Binde , Nickel Jana , Thielsch Anne , Schwenk Klaus , Cordellier Mathilde
Published: April 2022

Mutations are the ultimate source of heritable variation and therefore the fuel for evolution, but direct estimates of mutation rates exist only for few species. We estimated the spontaneous single nucleotide mutation rate among clonal generations in the waterfleaDaphnia galeatawith a short-term mutation accumulation approach. Individuals from eighteen mutation accumulation lines over five generations were deep sequenced to countde novomutations that were not present in a pool of F1 individuals, representing the parental genotype. We identified 12 new nucleotide mutations in 90 clonal generational passages. This resulted in an estimated single nucleotide mutation rate of 0.745 x 10−9(95% c.f. 0.39 x 10−9–1.26 x 10−9), which is slightly lower than recent estimates for otherDaphniaspecies. We discuss the implications for the population genetics of Cladocerans.
Sickness absence and disability pension trajectories in childhood cancer survivors and references- a Swedish prospective cohort study
Authors: Baecklund Fredrik , Alexanderson Kristina A. E. , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor , Chen Lingjing
Published: April 2022

Background

Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk of chronic health conditions. We aimed to explore future long-term sickness absence and disability pension in young adult childhood cancer survivors and matched references.

Methods

We performed a prospective cohort study using microdata from five Swedish nationwide registers. Among all individuals born 1976–1998 and living in Sweden, we included 3632 childhood cancer survivors and 17,468 matched references that could be followed-up for 15, 10, or 5 years, respectively. A group-based trajectory model was applied to identify trajectories of mean annual sickness absence and/or disability pension days (SADP) in each sub-cohort, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Potential risk factors for trajectory belonging were explored using χ2 test and multinomial logistic regression.

Results

Most young adult childhood cancer survivors (90.2–96.5%) and references (97.4–98.8%) followed a No SADP trajectory. A larger proportion of childhood cancer survivors than references followed a Moderate (33–102 days/year) or High (115–260 days/year) SADP trajectory (15-year follow-up cohorts: Moderate 4.6% versus 1.2%; High 5.1% versus 1.5%). Childhood cancer survivors of central nervous system (CNS) tumors were at higher risk of the High SADP trajectory than childhood cancer survivors of hematological or non-CNS solid tumors (hematological versus CNS: odds ratio = 2.30, 95% CI 1.23–4.30; hematological versus non-CNS: odds ratio = 0.32, 95% CI 0.13–0.79).

Conclusions

Although most young adult childhood cancer survivors had no SADP during follow-up, 9.7% experienced moderate or high numbers of SADP days/year throughout the 15-year follow-up; compared to 2.7% among references. CNS tumor survivors were at particular risk of SADP long-term and need extra attention in their future work prospect.
Relationship between dynamic changes of peri-procedure anxiety and short-term prognosis in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease: A single-center, prospective study
Authors: Hu Yao-yao , Cai Ya-jing , Jiang Xin , Mao Fang-ying , Zhang Jing , Liu Lin , Wu Qing , Wang Xiao-hua
Published: April 2022

Background

Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) often experience anxiety, but the current studies on anxiety mostly focused on a certain point in time. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of peri-procedure anxiety, status of post-procedure quality of life, and cardiovascular readmission rates in patients with CHD who undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to analyze the influence of peri-procedure anxiety on quality of life and readmission rate after PCI.

Methods

This prospective study was conducted at Changshu NO.1 People’s Hospital. A total of 220 patients with CHD undergoing elective PCI were selected as study subjects. The general information, clinical data, anxiety, quality of life and readmission of patients were collected. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the effect of peri-procedure anxiety on quality of life, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of peri-procedure anxiety on readmission rate.

Results

This study showed the anxiety scores at hospitalization appointment(T1), 3 days before procedure(T2), 1 day before procedure(T3), 1 day after procedure(T4) were 57(55,61),64(61,68),54(51.58), and 54(50,60), respectively. And, at 3 months and 6 months after PCI, the scores of Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were 346.61(319.06,366.52) and 353.34(334.18,372.84) respectively. During 6 months follow-up, 54 cases were readmitted, with a readmission rate of 25.5%. Statistical analysis showed that T1 with anxiety (P = 0.002) and T2 with anxiety (P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for treatment satisfaction at 3 months after PCI. Anxiety in T4 (P = 0.005) was an independent risk factor on the angina frequency at 6 months after PCI. T2 with anxiety (B = 1.445, P = 0.010, 95%CI:1.409–12.773) and T4 without anxiety (B = -1.587, P = 0.042, 95%CI:-0.044–0.941) were risk factors affecting readmission for cardiovascular reasons within 6 months.

Conclusion

Patient anxiety at T1 and T2 affects the treatment satisfaction dimension of the SAQ at 3 months after PCI, and anxiety at T4 affects the angina frequency dimension of the SAQ at 6 months after PCI. Anxiety at T2 and no anxiety at T4 increase short-term readmission rates. In the future, interventions should be strengthened at various time points in the peri-procedure period to improve post-procedure rehabilitation effect.
The use of a three-dimensional dynamic arm support prevents the development of muscle fatigue during repetitive manual tasks in healthy individuals
Authors: Lavallée-Bourget Marie-Hélène , Campeau-Lecours Alexandre , Tittley Jean , Bielmann Mathieu , Bouyer Laurent J. , Roy Jean-Sébastien
Published: April 2022

Work-related upper extremity disorders are costly to society due to resulting medical costs, presenteeism and absenteeism. Although their aetiology is likely multifactorial, physical workplace factors are known to play an important role in their development. Promising options for preventing work-related upper extremity disorders include assistive technologies such as dynamic arm supports designed to follow the movement of the arm while compensating for its weight. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a dynamic arm support on perceived exertion, muscle activity and movement patterns of the upper limb during repetitive manual tasks in healthy individuals. Thirty healthy right-handed individuals were allocated either a static or a dynamic task to perform with and without a dynamic arm support. During the task, surface electromyographic activity (anterior and middle deltoid, upper trapezius) and upper limb kinematics (elbow, shoulder, sternoclavicular) were measured using surface EMG and inertial sensors. Results showed that the dynamic arm support significantly reduced perceived exertion during the tasks and limited the development of muscular fatigue of the anterior and middle deltoid as demonstrated by EMG signal mean epoch amplitudes and median frequency of the EMG power spectrum. The dynamic arm support also prevented a decrease in shoulder elevation and an increase in total shoulder joint excursion during static and dynamic task, respectively. These results denote the potential benefits of dynamic arm supports in work environments. Further studies should focus on their efficacy, acceptability and implementability in work settings.
Early IL-17A production helps establish Mycobacterium intracellulare infection in mice
Authors: Jung Bock-Gie , Samten Buka , Dean Kristin , Wallace Richard J. , Brown-Elliott Barbara A. , Tucker Torry , Idell Steven , Philley Julie V. , Vankayalapati Ramakrishna
Published: April 2022

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is common in patients with structural lung damage. To address how NTM infection is established and causes lung damage, we established an NTM mouse model by intranasal inoculation of clinical isolates ofM.intracellulare. During the 39-week course of infection, the bacteria persistently grew in the lung and caused progressive granulomatous and fibrotic lung damage with mortality exceeding 50%. Lung neutrophils were significantly increased at 1 week postinfection, reduced at 2 weeks postinfection and increased again at 39 weeks postinfection. IL-17A was increased in the lungs at 1–2 weeks of infection and reduced at 3 weeks postinfection. Depletion of neutrophils during early (0–2 weeks) and late (32–34 weeks) infection had no effect on mortality or lung damage in chronically infected mice. However, neutralization of IL-17A during early infection significantly reduced bacterial burden, fibrotic lung damage, and mortality in chronically infected mice. Since it is known that IL-17A regulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and that MMPs contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, we determined the levels of MMPs in the lungs ofM.intracellulare-infected mice. Interestingly, MMP-3 was significantly reduced by anti-IL-17A neutralizing antibody. Moreover,in vitrodata showed that exogenous IL-17A exaggerated the production of MMP-3 by lung epithelial cells uponM.intracellulareinfection. Collectively, our findings suggest that early IL-17A production precedes and promotes organized pulmonaryM.intracellulareinfection in mice, at least in part through MMP-3 production.
Reimagining the Cold War: Capitalist realism, anti-communism and nostalgia in twenty-first-century TV and streaming series
Authors: Knewitz Simone
Published: April 2022

This article analyses three contemporary TV and streaming series that reimagine the Cold War era of the 1980s in a nostalgic mode: the docudramaChernobyl(2019), the science fiction seriesStranger Things(2016–present) and the spy thrillerThe Americans(2013–18). It argues that these productions rely on nostalgia and retro aesthetics in the service of an anti-communist imaginary and what Mark Fisher has called ‘capitalist realism’: the perception that capitalism is the only viable system of economic and political organization and, more crucially, that a coherent alternative to it has become unimaginable in our current, allegedly post-ideological, historical moment. The series present us with a past in which the future was still open – when there were still alternatives to the paths now being taken, which are now foreclosed. As these series depict all ideologies as anachronisms, their nostalgic mode serves to continually reaffirm the capitalist belief system and to symbolically annihilate any socialist or communist alternatives, yet, at the same time, also reflects resistance to the contemporary neo-liberal order.
Influence of riverine connectivity on phytoplankton abundance and diversity of associated wetlands of River Ganga: A comparative study of an open and a closed wetland
Authors: Bayen Supriti , Mohanty Trupti Rani , Chanu Thangjam Nirupada , Johnson Canciyal , Tiwari Nitish Kumar , Manna Ranjan Kumar , Swain Himanshu Sekhar , Das Basanta Kumar
Published: April 2022

River connectivity is often described as a key requirement for maintaining the health and biodiversity of associated wetlands of rivers. A comparative study was undertaken to understand the influence of river connectivity on plankton diversity and abundance in an open (Chharaganga Beel) and a closed wetland (Kalobaur Beel) situated on the banks of River Ganga in West Bengal, India. During the present investigation, data revealed that the major groups of phytoplankton recorded were Cyanobacteria (33.12%), Bacillariophyta (29.07%), and Chlorophyta (22.34%) from the open wetland, and Bacillariophyta (47.40%), Euglenozoa (30.68%), and Chlorophyta (10.12%) from the closed one. Shannon diversity (H’) and Margalef's species richness index indicate that phytoplankton diversity in the Chharaganga ecosystem was higher than in Kalobaur Beel. A one-way ANOVA showed significant station-wise difference for water turbidity (p <0.05) in both of the beels, and student t test revealed that differences in physico-chemical parameters between the studied beels was statistically significant (p <0.05) for depth, turbidity, conductivity, total hardness, nitrate, total N, phosphate-P, silicate, Ca²+, Mg²+and chlorophyll a,whereas abundance of phytoplankton groups was significantly different for Bacillariophyta (p <0.05) and Euglenozoa (p <0.05). The positive correlation of total N with Euglenozoa (r=0.496; p<0.05) might be the cause of favourable conditions for a higher abundance of Euglenozoa in the closed Kalobaur Beel,which is on the verge of partial eutrophication. The hydrological flushing by river water in the Chharaganga wetland maintains the ecological stability. Therefore, restoration of river connectivity is recommended to improve the health of the disconnected wetlands.
Resilience of inland fishers against nature's fury: A study on effect of extremely severe cyclone Fani on socio-economy and livelihood of fisher households in Odisha, India
Authors: Pandit Arun , Saha Avishek , Chakraborty Lokenath , Swain H.S. , Sharma Shravan K. , Mohanty B.P. , Das B.K.
Published: April 2022

The extremely severe cyclonic storm, Fani, the strongest tropical cyclone to hit India in 20 years, caused a landfall in the Bay of Bengal coast of Odisha, India in May 2019 and considerably impacted the lives and livelihoods of fisher families. The present study was based on primary data collected from 150 fishers’ households located around Debi River, Mahanadi Estuary and Chilika Lagoon in Odisha. Twenty four per cent of the respondents reported severe damages to their kachha houses, while 43% respondent reported loss of fishing nets due to this extreme cyclonic event. Around 37% of the fishing boats were severely damaged. The household items and stored agricultural produce were also damaged. The damages were much less in Mahanadi Estuary and northern sector of Chilika Lagoon due to reduced intensity of the storm. The study further found that overall the resilience of the fisher households was poor. Six out of 12 indicators of resilience were in ‘crisis’ category while only four were in ‘desirable’ category. The Government needs to consider providing quick assistance to the fishers keeping in view the loss of livelihood; besides, special initiatives are necessary to be planned to enhance the resilience of the fisher households for such unforeseen events which have become regular occurrences in the east coast of Bay of Bengal.
An overview of enclosure culture in inland open waters of India: Responding to socio-economic, ecological, and climate change issues in inland fisheries
Authors: Debnath D. , Bhattacharjya B.K. , Yengkokpam S. , Sarkar U.K. , Hassan M.A. , Das A.K. , Das B.K.
Published: April 2022

Inland open-access fisheries of India are important resources that contribute significantly to the national economy while providing livelihood to millions. The majority of these resources are suitable for aquaculture, with a high potential for enhanced inland fish production. Enclosures (cages and pens) installed in such waters are useful for rearing fingerlings for enhancement programmes and table-fish production. Floating cages are most suitable for waterbodies vulnerable to occasional flooding, while pen enclosures installed in marginal areas of floodplain wetlands can be suitably reinforced to protect the fish during floods. Small indigenous fishes can be introduced into pens to increase their productivity. This paper reviews enclosure technologies in the inland open waters of India and discusses the socio-economic benefits, ecological advantages, and climate resilience of these technologies. These factors may encourage their adoption and lead to an increase in fish production in the large inland waters of India.
El teatrino como herramienta didáctica para el desarrollo de la expresión oral, en los niños del grado transición, de la Institución Educativa Juan Bautista Migani
Authors: Núñez María Emilia , Vela Marina
Published: April 2022

El texto desarrolla los resultados de una investigación sobre el desarrollo de la expresión oral en el grado transición. Proceso que indagó sobre: ¿cómo potenciar la expresión oral de los niños del grado transición de la Institución Educativa Juan Bautista Migani? El marco conceptual aborda conceptos como: oralidad, desarrollo del lenguaje oral, secuencias didácticas, proyecto de aula, importancia del títere como herramienta didáctica para la enseñanza de la oralidad, entre otros. Se referencian autores como Walter Ong, Mauricio Pérez, Ana Camps y Carlos Lomas, para citar algunos. La investigación se adelantó a través del método etnográfico haciendo registro, interpretación y análisis de eventos comunicativos del aula infantil, para conocer la dinámicade la competencia sociolingüística. Culminado el proceso de investigación se concluye que la oralidad es considerada como eje transversal de todas las áreas del conocimiento y de las dimensiones del ser humano, aspectos fundamentales para el desarrollo integral del niño.
La escritura de textos académicos: un reto para los docentes
Authors: Roa Rodríguez Patricia
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo surge de la necesidad de tener docentes que sean lectores y escritores para que puedan promover estos procesos en los estudiantes. Desde allí se plantea la pregunta de investigación: ¿de qué manera cualificar los procesos de escritura académica, de un grupo de docentes de primaria? El objetivo de esta indagación es generar la cualificación de los procesos de escritura académica de un grupo de docentes, con el fin de construir conjuntamente una propuesta pedagógica que incida en las prácticas de enseñanza de los maestros del Gimnasio Campestre Beth Shalom. El tiempo de realización de la investigación fue 2012-2013. Este estudio se encuentra orientado bajo el enfoque cualitativo con un diseño de investigación-acción, utilizando como técnica los talleres y el trabajo colaborativo entre los docentes.
Studying Some Properties of 194Po and 190Hg Isotones Using Approximation Model
Authors: Kshash Zahraa Abdul Amier Khadum , Al-Shareefi Mohammed A. , Jaber Ghaidaa A. Hafedh
Published: April 2022

In this research, some properties of the element 194Po and 190Hg was studied by applying the interacting bosons model-1. By obtaining the energy levels of this elements and comparing them with the practical values, which give an idea of the element’s belonging to a particular determination, where this elements belongs to U(5) and O(6) through the ratio between the energy of the excited plane The fourth to the second agitated level 𝐸4+𝐸2+ , as well as other ratios, as well as through the arrangement of practical levels. In addition the probability of electrical transitions B(E2) was studied through (IBMT) and its agreement with the practical probability. Finally, the surface potential of the nucleus was studied through the (IBMP) program, which gives an idea of the deformation occurring in the nucleus from the deviation of the contour lines and their collection in a specific area.
The Impact of Laser on the Activation Energy and Sensitivity of CR-39 Detector
Authors: Alkhayat Rabee B. , Mohammed Hala Nazar , Kassim Yasir Yahya
Published: April 2022

The influence of laser radiation on bulk and etch rates, and as well detector sensitivity, before and after being irradiated with alpha particles at 5 MeV emitted from a 241Am source, are examined at different etching temperatures (65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79 ,81, 83, and 85)C in this paper. A laser source with a wavelength of 480 nm and a pulse energy of 50 mJ/pulse at a repetition rate of 9 Hz was used to investigate the activation energy of a CR-39 polymer. The rates of bulk etch, Vb, and track etch, Vt, slightly increase with laser radiation. Whereas sensitivity decreases as temperature increases, besides, alpha-laser samples have quite better sensitivity than other samples. The activation energies of the bulk etch rates, Eb, are equivalent to 0.94 ± 0.07, 0.88 ± 0.05, and 0.95 ± 0.06 eV for laser-alpha, alpha-laser, and no laser samples, respectively. While, the activation energies associated with track etch rate, Et, for the CR-39 samples under study are 0.86 ± 0.04, 0.77 ± 0.03, and 0.76 ± 0.03 eV. The results manifest that laser exposure has a slight influence on activation energies of bulk etch rate within experimental uncertainties of the CR-39 samples. Additionally, the CR-39 set of laser-alpha samples reveals that Et is increased based on the cross-linking process. The increase in Et relates to hardening of the detector material, which has several uses, specifically in radiation detection.
The Effect of X-ray on Food
Authors: Abbas Bahaa Hassoun , Basheer Nada
Published: April 2022

Food irradiation is one of the most important techniques used in food sterilization and examination, by exposing food to a specific and precisely defined amount of radiation. These rays work to kill germs, bacteria, and any organisms that harm human health. In this research, we will demonstrate the use of X-rays in food irradiation by conducting three experiments on three types of food: milk, fish preserve, and Wheatflour. The experience with milk samples showed that when the dose of X-ray was increased, the number of bacteria decreased greatly, and the dose value of 6.0 kGy reduced the number of Chronobacter bacteria. (1.0 log𝑚𝑙−1) As for fish preserves, it was observed that at a dose of 3KGy the QMAFAM value decreased by more than 100 logs. When the dose is increased to 6 kGy, the majority of microorganisms are completely inactivated. As for the Wheatflour samples, it was found that the starch digestibility of wheatflour increased by irradiation dose at 2.5 kGy.
New Legal Realism: A Promising Legal Theory For Interdisciplinary And Empirical Disability-Research
Authors: Caballero Pérez Adriana Carolina
Published: April 2022

New Legal Realism (NLR) is a relevant theoretical strand advancing a constructive relationship between law and the social sciences. NLR broadens the ‘scene’ in legal studies by placing legal issues in their broader social contexts and follows the aspiration of the scientific study of law. Based on the literature review, this article presents a brief discussion on NLR. It argues that an NLR approach might be useful for carrying out research on compliance with (international) law in practice, i.e., the ‘law-in-action’. This article finds that four main characteristics of NLR, mainly its law-centred, interdisciplinary, empirical, and constructive legal action character yields useful results to analyse States’ compliance with the law. It concludes that an NLR approach contributes to moving from exploring law in books to investigate ‘law-in-action’. This involves analysing compliance with the (international) law through domestic law and policy instruments, as well as compliance through social practices. This means to explore the social context within which the law operates. In other words, to investigate the impact of the law at the point of delivery (or the ‘law-in-action’). The underlying purpose of this article is thus to call for collaborative action among legal and social scientific researchers by considering to adopt novel theories, such as NLR, to mix normative legal analysis with consideration of broader and holistic perspectives on the law. Lastly, due to the current research interests of the author, this article includes a brief reflection on adopting an NLR approach to analyse State Parties compliancewith the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD). Notably, in the available literature, this is an underexplored issue.
The effect of supply chain learning on flexibility performance: an empirical study
Authors: Meidute-Kavaliauskiene Ieva , ÇİĞDEM Şemsettin , YILDIZ Bülent
Published: April 2022

Today’s intensely competitive business is undergoing significant shifts, which render it a challenging environment to compete in. Production processes are evolving as customer demands change, which leads to greater variability. Firms must respond to changing environmental conditions to remain sustainable. Companies today look for ways to overcome their problems not only on their own but also with their supply chains. Reduced cost and improved performance are two significant benefits of supply chain management. Because companies can work together in the face of challenging market conditions throughout their supply chains, it makes sense for them to collaborate. When companies work together, they can collaborate to produce better-designed products and more efficient manufacturing processes. Learning, supply chain integration, and flexibility throughout the supply chain are critical to successful supply chain management.
In this study, the effect of supply chain learning on supply chain integration and production flexibility has been investigated.  The mediating role of supply chain integration on the impact of supply-chain learning on production flexibility has been tested. For this purpose, survey data was collected from the 144 companies selected out of Turkey's largest exporting companies. The data were analyzed via structural equation modeling and process macro methods. As a result of the structural equation model analysis, it was found that supply chain learning significantly affects the chain’s integration and its production flexibility. As a result of the intermediation test, it was determined that the integration of the supply chain has a vital intermediary role regarding the effect of supply chain learning on the flexibility of production.