bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mixtures of native perennial forage species produce higher yields than monocultures in a long-term study
Authors: Serajchi Mostafa , Schellenberg Michael P. , Mischkolz Jenalee M. , Lamb Eric G.
Published: November 2017

To evaluate the forage yield and quality of seven perennial native species in monoculture and binary mixtures under a range of climate conditions, a 6-yr field experiment was conducted at the Swift Current Research and Development Centre (SCRDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), in Swift Current, SK. Seven native perennial forage species from three functional groups (C3, C4grasses, and legumes) were seeded in 2010 in monocultures and binary mixtures. Forage yield and quality [crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and copper (Cu)] were measured during the first week of July and last week of August in 2011–2016. Mixtures that included western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) Löve] (WWG) tended to produce a greater yield when 90% of the composition within these mixtures was WWG. Adding bluebunch wheatgrass [Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Löve] (BBW), little blue stem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash] (LBS), and prairie clovers (Dalea spp.) to the binary mixtures can increase the positive aspects of species diversity on stability and productivity in seeded pastures. Among the grasses, WWG contained higher crude protein and lower ADF and NDF concentration. Mixtures of forage species produced higher forage yield compared with monocultures. Native forage species can produce stable forage yield across very different climate situations. In mixtures, WWG showed promising results in forage productivity and quality and can be a suitable option for seeded pastures.
Coherent structures induced by dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator
Authors: Zhang Xin , Li Huaxing , Choi Kwing So , Song Longfei
Published: November 2017

The structures of a flow field induced by a plasma actuator were investigated experimentally in quiescent air using high-speed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technology. The motivation behind was to figure out the flow control mechanism of the plasma technique. A symmetrical Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma actuator was mounted on the suction side of the SC (2)-0714 supercritical airfoil. The results demonstrated that the plasma jet had some coherent structures in the separated shear layer and these structures were linked to a dominant frequency of [Formula: see text] = 39 Hz when the peak-to-peak voltage of plasma actuator was 9.8 kV. The high speed PIV measurement of the induced airflow suggested that the plasma actuator could excite the flow instabilities which lead to production of the roll-up vortex. Analysis of transient results indicated that the roll-up vortices had the process of formation, movement, merging and breakdown. This could promote the entrainment effect of plasma actuator between the outside airflow and boundary layer flow, which is very important for flow control applications.
A CMOS Low-Voltage Super Follower Using Quasi-Floating Gate Techniques
Authors: Ocampo-Hidalgo J. J. , Alducín-Castillo J. , Vázquez-Álvarez I. , Oliva-Moreno L. N. , Molinar-Solís J. E.
Published: November 2017

A quasi-floating gate (QFG) “super-follower” is presented. The high resistance used by the QFG transistor is constructed by two diodes connected back-to-back, leading to a simple-, temperature-stable- and small-area solution. Expressions for the behavior of the follower are introduced and verified by circuit simulations in LTSPICE using 0.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process models, which show an improved performance of the proposed circuit with respect to the original super-follower. To prove the principle, a test cell was fabricated in the same 0.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS technology and characterized. Measurement results show a gain-bandwidth product of 10[Formula: see text]MHz and power consumption of 120[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W with a 1.5[Formula: see text]V single supply.
Combining the Kernel Collaboration Representation and Deep Subspace Learning for Facial Expression Recognition
Authors: Sun Zhe , Hu Zheng-Ping , Chiong Raymond , Wang Meng , He Wei
Published: November 2017

Recent research has demonstrated the effectiveness of deep subspace learning networks, including the principal component analysis network (PCANet) and linear discriminant analysis network (LDANet), since they can extract high-level features and better represent abstract semantics of given data. However, their representation does not consider the nonlinear relationship of data and limits the use of features with nonlinear metrics. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture combining the kernel collaboration representation with deep subspace learning based on the PCANet and LDANet for facial expression recognition. First, the PCANet and LDANet are employed to learn abstract features. These features are then mapped to the kernel space to effectively capture their nonlinear similarities. Finally, we develop a simple yet effective classification method with squared [Formula: see text]-regularization, which improves the recognition accuracy and reduces time complexity. Comprehensive experimental results based on the JAFFE, CK[Formula: see text], KDEF and CMU Multi-PIE datasets confirm that our proposed approach has superior performance not just in terms of accuracy, but it is also robust against block occlusion and varying parameter configurations.
A Fuzzy Indiscernibility Based Measure of Distance between Semantic Spaces Towards Automatic Evaluation of Free Text Answers
Authors: Chakraborty Udit Kr. , Roy Samir , Choudhury Sankhayan
Published: November 2017

Quantitative models built as tools for evaluating human language performance, can prove useful for both theoretical and applied areas of discourse comprehension, assessment, and education. The current paper offers a test case focused on mathematical articulation of a model and a test of that model with existing corpora. The model presented has been developed to evaluate free text answers of students based on the fuzzy indiscernibility between the semantic spaces created by the model answer and the learners’ response. The model semantic space represented as a knowledge matrix can be constructed out of one or more model answers prepared by human experts and closely resemble the knowledge of the human evaluator. The proposed model finds out the indiscernibility between the types of word usage and scores the answer based on the fuzzy indiscernibility measures stored in a graded thesaurus prepared specifically for this purpose. The results returned on experimental data correlates well with human evaluators. This simulated learner-friendly atmosphere, inspired by a teacher’s intelligent benevolence, ensures effective attainment of learning objective in e-learning environment.
A Novel Decision Support Framework for Computing Expected Utilities from Linguistic Evaluations
Authors: Di Caprio Debora , Santos-Arteaga Francisco J. , Tavana Madjid
Published: November 2017

The increase in the amount and variety of evaluations provided by the users of different websites regarding the products displayed is becoming an increasingly familiar scenario. That is, decision makers (DMs) constantly receive linguistic evaluations (LEs) from unknown evaluators when considering different choice alternatives. The imprecision of the LEs and the fact that the evaluators may have biased interests when describing a product must be considered by the DMs when computing their expected utilities. We define a Bayesian-updated probability (BUP) function that accounts for the fuzziness inherent in the LEs and the reputation of the evaluator to represent the beliefs of DMs. The proposed BUP process allows the DMs to subjectively adjust the probability mass that is shifted across evaluation intervals when updating their beliefs and computing their corresponding expected utilities. We illustrate the behavior of the BUP function numerically and describe potential decision support applications.
Estimation of second harmonic generation efficiency of various quasi-phase matching grating structures
Authors: Meetei Toijam Sunder , Chandrasekaran Ramanathan , Prasath Rogothaman K. , Boomadevi Shanmugam , Pandiyan Krishnamoorthy
Published: November 2017

We have analytically calculated the efficiency factor of the second harmonic generation (SHG) in quasi-phase matching (QPM) devices of various periodic grating structures such as square, triangular, sinusoidal, trapezoidal and blazed. The phase profile representing the nonlinear optical coefficient of these grating structures has been mathematically derived and its second harmonic efficiency factors are calculated. The second harmonic conversion efficiency factors of square, triangular, sinusoidal, trapezoidal and blazed QPM structures are calculated to be 0.405, 0.164, 0.25, 0.365 and 1.0, respectively.
Docosahexaenoic acid enhances amphiregulin-mediated bronchial epithelial cell repair processes following organic dust exposure
Authors: Nordgren Tara M. , Heires Art J. , Bailey Kristina L. , Katafiasz Dawn M. , Toews Myron L. , Wichman Christopher S. , Romberger Debra J.
Published: November 2017

Injurious dust exposures in the agricultural workplace involve the release of inflammatory mediators and activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the respiratory epithelium. Amphiregulin (AREG), an EGFR ligand, mediates tissue repair and wound healing in the lung epithelium. Omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are also known modulators of repair and resolution of inflammatory injury. This study investigated how AREG, DHA, and EGFR modulate lung repair processes following dust-induced injury. Primary human bronchial epithelial (BEC) and BEAS-2B cells were treated with an aqueous extract of swine confinement facility dust (DE) in the presence of DHA and AREG or EGFR inhibitors. Mice were exposed to DE intranasally with or without EGFR inhibition and DHA. Using a decellularized lung scaffolding tissue repair model, BEC recolonization of human lung scaffolds was analyzed in the context of DE, DHA, and AREG treatments. Through these investigations, we identified an important role for AREG in mediating BEC repair processes. DE-induced AREG release from BEC, and DHA treatment following DE exposure, enhanced this release. Both DHA and AREG also enhanced BEC repair capacities and rescued DE-induced recellularization deficits. In vivo, DHA treatment enhanced AREG production following DE exposure, whereas EGFR inhibitor-treated mice exhibited reduced AREG in their lung homogenates. These data indicate a role for AREG in the process of tissue repair after inflammatory lung injury caused by environmental dust exposure and implicate a role for DHA in regulating AREG-mediated repair signaling in BEC.
Limited role of kininogen in the host response during gram-negative pneumonia-derived sepsis
Authors: Ding Chao , van ’t Veer Cornelis , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , Shukla Meenal , McCrae Keith R. , Revenko Alexey S. , Crosby Jeff , van der Poll Tom
Published: November 2017

High-molecular-weight kininogen (HK), together with factor XI, factor XII and prekallikrein, is part of the contact system that has proinflammatory, prothrombotic, and vasoactive properties. We hypothesized that HK plays a role in the host response during pneumonia-derived sepsis. To this end mice were depleted of kininogen (KNG) to plasma HK levels of 28% of normal by repeated treatment with a specific antisense oligonucleotide (KNG ASO) for 3 wk before infection with the common human sepsis pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae via the airways. Whereas plasma HK levels increased during infection in mice treated with a scrambled control ASO (Ctrl ASO), HK level in the KNG ASO-treated group remained reduced to 25–30% of that in the corresponding Ctrl ASO group both before and after infection. KNG depletion did not influence bacterial growth in lungs or dissemination to distant body sites. KNG depletion was associated with lower lung CXC chemokine and myeloperoxidase levels but did not impact neutrophil influx, lung pathology, activation of the vascular endothelium, activation of the coagulation system, or the extent of distant organ injury. These results were corroborated by studies in mice with a genetic deficiency of KNG, which were indistinguishable from wild-type mice during Klebsiella-induced sepsis. Both KNG depletion and KNG deficiency were associated with strongly reduced plasma prekallikrein levels, indicating the carrier function of HK for this zymogen. This study suggests that KNG does not significantly contribute to the host defense during gram-negative pneumonia-derived sepsis.
Response of Duffing Oscillator with Time Delay Subjected to Combined Harmonic and Random Excitations
Authors: Hao D. N. , Anh N. D.
Published: November 2017

This paper aims to investigate the stationary probability density functions of the Duffing oscillator with time delay subjected to combined harmonic and white noise excitation by the method of stochastic averaging and equivalent linearization. By the transformation based on the fundamental matrix of the degenerate Duffing system, the paper shows that the displacement and the velocity with time delay in the Duffing oscillator can be computed approximately in non‐time delay terms. Hence, the stochastic system with time delay is transformed into the corresponding stochastic non‐time delay equation in Ito sense. The approximate stationary probability density function of the original system can be found by combining the stochastic averaging method, the equivalent linearization method, and the technique of auxiliary function. The response of Duffing oscillator is investigated. The analytical results are verified by numerical simulation results.
Study on the Variation of Terrestrial Water Storage and the Identification of Its Relationship with Hydrological Cycle Factors in the Tarim River Basin, China
Authors: Yang Peng , Xia Jun , Zhan Chesheng , Zhang Yongyong , Chen Jie
Published: November 2017

The terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSAs) in the Tarim River Basin (TRB) were investigated and the related factors of water variations in the mountain areas were analyzed based on Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data, in situ river discharge, and precipitation during the period of 2002–2015. The results showed that three obvious flood events in 2005, 2006, and 2010 resulted in significant water surplus, although TWSA decreased in the TRB during 2002–2015. However, while the significant water deficits in 2004, 2009, and 2011 were associated with obvious negative river discharge anomalies at the hydrological stations, the significant water deficits were not well consistent with the negative anomalies of precipitation. While the river discharge behaved with low correlations with TWSA, linear relationships between TWSA and climate indices were insignificant in the TRB from 2002 to 2015. The closest relationship was found between TWSA and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), with correlations of -0.56 and 0.58 during January 2010–December 2015 and during January 2006–December 2009, respectively. Meanwhile, the correlation coefficient between TWSA and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index in the period of April 2002–December 2005 was -0.25, which reached the significant level (p<0.05).
Persistence of Toxic Activity of Fermentation Extracts fromBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisafter More Than Three Decades of Storage
Authors: Galán-Wong Luis Jesús , Gamiño-Hernández Rossana , Fernández-Chapa David , García-Díaz Graciela , De La Garza-Ramos Myriam A. , Guajardo-Barbosa Claudio , Luna-Olvera Hugo Alberto
Published: November 2017

This study was carried out to determine the persistence of toxicity of fermentation extracts ofBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisafter more than three decades of storage. For this purpose, a population ofAedes aegyptiwas established. The mortality rate of 20 spore-crystal extracts purified using the acetone-lactose coprecipitation method was measured and evaluated by bioassays according to a modified WHO protocol. The extracts with the highest mortality rate were determined in triplicate by their LD50and LD98. All extracts showed toxicity at the highest tested dose (1000 ppm) and some, such as strains 3260 and 3501, still killed larvae at doses as low as 0.01 ppm. These data are surprising because no study on the activity ofB. thuringiensistoxic proteins after such a long storage time has been reported.
The Optimization and Mathematical Modeling of Quality Attributes of Parboiled Rice Using a Response Surface Method
Authors: Yousaf Khurram , Kunjie Chen , Cairong Chen , Abbas Adnan , Huang Yuping , Arslan Chaudhry , Xuejin Zhang
Published: November 2017

The response surface methodology was used to optimize the hydrothermal processing conditions based on the rice quality parameters of the Rong Youhua Zhan rice variety (Indica). The effect of soaking temperature (29.77, 40, 55, 70, and 80.23°C), soaking time (67.55, 90, 120, 150, and 170.45 min), and steaming time (1.59, 5, 10, 15, and 18.41 min), each tested at five levels, on percentage of head rice yield (HRY), hardness, cooking time, lightness, and color were determined, with R2 values of 0.96, 0.94, 0.90, 0.88, and 0.94, respectively. HRY, hardness, cooking time, and color increased with process severity while lightness decreased, although HRY decreased after reaching a maximum. The predicted optimum soaking temperature, soaking time, and steaming time were 69.88°C, 150 min, and 6.73 min, respectively, and the predicted HRY, hardness, cooking time, lightness, and color under these conditions were 73.43%, 29.95 N, 32.14 min, 83.03 min, and 12.24 min, respectively, with a composite desirability of 0.9658. The parboiling industry could use the findings of the current study to obtain the desired quality of parboiled rice. This manuscript will be helpful for researchers working on commercializing parboiled rice processes in China as well as in other countries.
Evolution of Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices regarding Zika Virus from 2016 to 2017
Authors: Katler Quinton , Godiwala Prachi , Macri Charles , Pineles Beth , Simon Gary , Chang Aileen , Ahmadzia Homa
Published: November 2017

Objective. Our team created a knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) survey in order to assess changes over time in healthcare provider and community member awareness of Zika virus symptoms, transmission, treatment, and current and future concerns. Study Design. The cross-sectional survey was issued at an academic medical center in Washington, DC, and via an online link to healthcare providers and community members between June and August 2016. Survey distribution was then repeated the following year, from March to April 2017. Outcomes were compared by survey year and healthcare provider versus community member status using SAS Program Version 9.4. Results. Significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices existed between 2016 and 2017 survey time points. By 2017, more respondents had knowledge of various Zika virus infection characteristics; however healthcare provider knowledge also waned in certain areas. Attitudes towards Zika virus infection displayed an overall decreased concern by 2017. Practice trends by 2017 demonstrated fewer travel restrictions to Zika-endemic areas and increased mosquito protective measures within the US. Conclusions. Our results provide novel insight into the transformation of knowledge, attitudes, and practice of community members and healthcare providers regarding Zika virus since its declaration as a public health emergency of international concern in 2016.
“In Silico” Characterization of 3-Phytase A and 3-Phytase B fromAspergillus niger
Authors: Niño-Gómez Doris C. , Rivera-Hoyos Claudia M. , Morales-Álvarez Edwin D. , Reyes-Montaño Edgar A. , Vargas-Alejo Nury E. , Ramírez-Casallas Ingrid N. , Erkan Türkmen Kübra , Sáenz-Suárez Homero , Sáenz-Moreno José A. , Poutou-Piñales Raúl A. , González-Santos Janneth , Arévalo-Galvis Azucena
Published: November 2017

Phytases are used for feeding monogastric animals, because they hydrolyze phytic acid generating inorganic phosphate.Aspergillus niger3-phytase A (PDB: 3K4Q) and 3-phytase B (PDB: 1QFX) were characterized using bioinformatic tools. Results showed that both enzymes have highly conserved catalytic pockets, supporting their classification as histidine acid phosphatases. 2D structures consist of 43% alpha-helix, 12% beta-sheet, and 45% others and 38% alpha-helix, 12% beta-sheet, and 50% others, respectively, and pI 4.94 and 4.60, aliphatic index 72.25 and 70.26 and average hydrophobicity of −0,304 and −0.330, respectively, suggesting aqueous media interaction. Glycosylation and glycation sites allowed detecting zones that can affect folding and biological activity, suggesting fragmentation. Docking showed thatH59andH63act as nucleophiles and thatD339andD319are proton donor residues. MW of 3K4Q (48.84 kDa) and 1QFX (50.78 kDa) is similar; 1QFX forms homodimers which will originate homotetramers with several catalytic center accessible to the ligand. 3K4Q is less stable (instability index 45.41) than 1QFX (instability index 33.66), but the estimated lifespan for 3K4Q is superior. Van der Waals interactions generate hydrogen bonds between the active center and O2or H of the phytic acid phosphate groups, providing greater stability to these temporal molecular interactions.
Palaeohydrogeology and Transport Parameters Derived from 4He and Cl Profiles in Aquitard Pore Waters in a Large Multilayer Aquifer System, Central Australia
Authors: Priestley Stacey C. , Kleinig Tavis , Love Andrew J. , Post Vincent E. A. , Shand Paul , Stute Martin , Wallis Ilka , Wohling Daniel L.
Published: November 2017

A study of chloride and 4He profiles through an aquitard that separates the Great Artesian Basin from the underlying Arckaringa Basin in central Australia is presented. The aquitard separates two aquifers with long water residence times, due to low recharge rates in the arid climate. One-dimensional solute transport models were used to determine the advective flux of groundwater across the aquitard as well as establish any major changes in past hydrological conditions recorded by variations of the pore water composition. This in situ study showed that both diffusion and slow downward advection (vz=0.7 mm/yr) control solute transport. Numerical simulations show that an increase in chloride concentration in the upper part of the profile is due to a reduction in recharge in the upper aquifer for at least 3000 years. Groundwater extraction since 2008 has likely increased chloride and 4He concentrations in the lower aquifer by pulling up water from deeper layers; however, there has been insufficient time for upward solute transport into the pore water profile by diffusion against downward advection. The transport model of 4He and chloride provides insight into how the two aquifers interact through the aquitard and how climate change is being recorded in the aquitard profile.
CAR T-Cell Therapies in Glioblastoma: A First Look
Authors: Migliorini Denis , Dietrich Pierre-Yves , Stupp Roger , Linette Gerald P. , Posey Avery D. , June Carl H.
Published: November 2017

Glioblastoma is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. The current standard of care for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients includes surgery to the extent, temozolomide combined with radiotherapy, and alternating electric fields therapy. After recurrence, there is no standard therapy and survival is less than 9 months. Recurrent glioblastoma offers a unique opportunity to investigate new treatment approaches in a malignancy known for remarkable genetic heterogeneity, an immunosuppressive microenvironment, and a partially permissive anatomic blood–brain barrier. Results from three first-in-man chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell trials targeting IL13Rα2, Her2/CMV, and EGFRvIII have recently been reported. Each one of these trials addresses important questions, such as T-cell trafficking to CNS, engraftment and persistence, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and monitoring of glioma response to CAR T cells. Objective radiologic responses have been reported. Here, we discuss and summarize the results of these trials and suggest opportunities for the field. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 535–40. ©2017 AACR.
EU Policy on Lung Cancer CT Screening 2017
Authors: Field John K. , Zulueta Javier , Veronesi Giulia , Oudkerk Matthijs , Baldwin David R. , Holst Pedersen Jesper , Paci Eugenio , Horgan Denis , de Koning Harry J.
Published: November 2017

Background: Lung cancer kills more Europeans than any other cancer. In 2013, 269,000 citizens of the EU-28 died from this disease. Lung cancer CT screening has the potential to detect lung cancer at an early stage and improve mortality. All of the randomised controlled trials and cohort low-dose CT (LDCT) screening trials across the world have identified very early stage disease (∼70%); the majority of these LDCT trial patients were suitable for surgical interventions and had a good clinical outcome. The 10-year survival in CT screen-detected cancer was shown to be even higher than the 5-year survival for early stage disease in clinical practice at 88%. Methods: Setting up of an EU Commission expert group can be done under Article 168(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, to develop policy and recommendation for Lung cancer CT screening. The Expert Group would undertake: (a) assist the Commission in the drawing up policy documents, including guidelines and recommendations; (b) advise the Commission in the implementation of Union actions on screening and suggest improvements to the measures taken; (c) advise the Commission in the monitoring, evaluation and dissemination of the results of measures taken at Union and national level. Results: This EU Expert Group on lung cancer screening should be set up by the EU Commission to support the implementation and suggest recommendations for the lung cancer screening policy by 2019/2020. Conclusion: Reduce lung cancer in Europe by undertaking a well-organised lung cancer CT screening programme.
Immunoregulatory Role of Cannabinoids during Infectious Disease
Authors: Hernández-Cervantes Rosalía , Méndez-Díaz Mónica , Prospéro-García Óscar , Morales-Montor Jorge
Published: November 2017

Although the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is involved in the regulation of several physiological processes, including sleep and the immune response, its role during infections has not been fully studied. It is well known that the use of this drug increases susceptibility to infections because of the impact on the modulation of the immune system. Concerning the medicinal or recreational use of marijuana, its influence on the course of an infection, whether this has been caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and to a lesser degree, fungi, has been reported. Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting the involvement of the ECS in the control and elimination of infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and some protozoa; in the case of fungi, few studies are available so far. The purpose of this review is to present the existing studies related to infections and the ECS, the microbicidal effects of compounds isolated from Cannabis sativa, and the association between marijuana use and the development of rare pathologies in specific diseases.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of First-Line Dasatinib Therapy and the Relevance of Velocity of BCR-ABL1 Transcript Decline for Achievement of Molecular Responses in Newly Diagnosed Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Report from the Juntendo Yamanashi Cooperative Study Group
Authors: Takaku Tomoiku , Iriyama Noriyoshi , Mitsumori Toru , Sato Eriko , Gotoh Akihiko , Kirito Keita , Noguchi Masaaki , Koike Michiaki , Sakamoto Junichi , Oba Koji , Komatsu Norio
Published: November 2017

Objective: The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors led to an improvement in the prognoses of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The aims of this study were to investigate the efficacy and safety of dasatinib in Japanese patients and to explore the factors that affect the achievement of molecular responses. Methods: The primary endpoint was a major molecular response (MMR) by 12 months. The halving time for BCR-ABL1 transcripts was calculated using transcript levels. Results: Thirty-two patients with chronic-phase CML (CML-CP) were enrolled and 30 received 100 mg dasatinib once daily. At 24 months of follow-up, 21 (72%) and 24 (83%) patients achieved an MMR by 12 and 24 months, respectively; the rates of a deep molecular response (DMR) by 12 and 24 months were 48 and 59%, respectively. A shorter halving time of BCR-ABL1 transcripts (≤10.6 days) accurately predicted both an MMR and a DMR. The incidence of pleural effusion was 50%. Our study reconfirmed the efficacy and safety of dasatinib treatment in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP. In addition, the usefulness of the halving time of BCR-ABL1 transcripts was validated. Conclusion: These data emphasize the significance of an early treatment response in achieving a DMR during dasatinib therapy.
Can Treatment Adherence Be Improved by Using Rubin's Four Tendencies Framework to Understand a Patient's Response to Expectations
Authors: Kirk Jeremy , MacDonald Anita , Lavender Paul , Dean Jessica , Rubin Gretchen
Published: November 2017

Within the context of poorer patient outcomes and rising healthcare costs, we need to better understand why many patients do not engage fully with their treatment plan. Movement away from talking about “compliance” towards “adherence” and “concordance” is evidence of a recognition that this is a two-way process. Whilst healthcare professionals expect patients to engage in treatment, equally, patients have expectations (whether positive or negative) of their treatment and their need for engagement. There is a need for an effective method that can specifically target those interventions that will provide the most benefit to individual patients and which, crucially, is easy and inexpensive to administer in everyday practice and widely applicable. Rubin's Four Tendencies model identifies a patient's “response to outer and inner expectations” as a key factor in adherence. The model therefore provides an opportunity to test such a targeted, patient-specific strategy and we present a call to action for research in this area.
The Effect of Genistein Supplementation on Vitamin D Levels and Bone Turnover Markers during the Summer in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Role of Genotypes of Isoflavone Metabolism
Authors: Pérez-Alonso María , Briongos Laisa-Socorro , Ruiz-Mambrilla Marta , Velasco Eladio A. , Linares Lidia , Cuellar Luis , Olmos José-Manuel , De Luis Daniel , Dueñas-Laita Antonio , Pérez-Castrillón José-Luis
Published: November 2017

Aims: The objective of this study was to determine whether vitamin D and genistein supplementation had an additive beneficial effect on levels of vitamin D and bone markers and whether this effect was mediated by genes regulating isoflavone metabolism. Materials and Methods: We carried out a prospective study in postmenopausal women randomized to calcium and vitamin D supplementation or calcium, vitamin D, and genistein supplementation. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX), and procollagen 1 N-terminal (P1NP) were determined by electrochemiluminescence. Three SNPs - rs2231142 (ABCG2), rs358231 (cytosolic β-glucosidase [CBG]), and rs2273697 (ABCC2) - were determined. Results: We included 102 women. The effects on bone remodeling were similar: rises in vitamin D were significantly associated with reductions in PTH, CTX, and P1NP. Pharmacogenomic analysis of the genotypes showed that, in AT heterozygotes of the CBG1368T>A polymorphism, CTX and P1NP were not reduced. Conclusion: Genistein added to calcium and vitamin D supplementation had no additional effect. The supplementation of individual AT heterozygotes of the CBG1368T>A polymorphism had no effect on markers of bone remodeling.
Family-Oriented Rehabilitation (FOR) and Rehabilitation of Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Krauth Konstantin A.
Published: November 2017

This paper describes the function and contribution of family-oriented oncologic rehabilitation (FOR) and of oncologic rehabilitation for adolescents and young adults (AYA). The rehabilitation of children with cancer and their families and that of AYA is an integral component of pediatric oncologic treatment regimens. 32 years ago, FOR was developed in Germany and continues in a select number of highly-specialized rehabilitation centers recommended by the GPOH (Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Onkologie und Hämatologie, Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology). After oncologic treatment, the patient, along with his or her family, begins an individualized rehabilitation process. The whole family participates in this process to ensure success. AYA patients are rehabilitated in small peer groups. In FOR, the immediate goal is to stabilize the family system in order to ensure maximum success for the patient. The long-term goal of FOR and AYA rehabilitation is to provide support for a return to as normal and self-determined a life as possible. Patients who suffer from chronic illnesses due to their oncologic disease and therapy (for example, a significant number of brain tumor patients) need long-term help in various areas. Here, multiple 4-week cycles of oncologic rehabilitation may be necessary throughout a patient's lifetime.
Por que ler Clássicos da comunicação: os teóricos de Peirce a Canclini
Authors: Brandalise Roberta
Published: November 2017

A resenha se propõe a apresentar como a leitura da obra Clássicos da comunicação: os teóricos de Peirce a Canclini, publicada em 2017 e organizada pelos professores Leonel Aguiar e Adriana Barsotti – com a contribuição de pesquisadores doutores que representam instituições de ensino de todas as regiões do Brasil –, dialoga com a contemporaneidade dos estudos de comunicação. A coletânea expõe como as teorias elaboradas por esses autores, além de tecerem a memória do campo, provocam o pensamento crítico e se fazem atuais junto a questionamentos sobre as próprias ideias e conceitos que foram transformados em referências clássicas do campo da Comunicação.
Paulo Leminski, o poeta do labirinto
Authors: Rebechi Junior Arlindo
Published: November 2017

Apresentação do poeta Paulo Leminski, em suas diversas fases de produção.
Atividades com Comunicação & Educação — Ano XXII — n. 2
Authors: Itacarambi Ruth Ribas
Published: November 2017

Atividades elaboradas a partir dos artigos apresentados para esta edição.
O documentário A caverna dos sonhos esquecidos: atividades na formação de professores de física
Authors: Pereira Aldo Aoyagui Gomes , Almeida Maria José Monteiro Pereira de
Published: November 2017

Neste trabalho desenvolvemos um conjunto de atividades com quatro licenciandos de um curso de física utilizando o documentário A caverna dos sonhos esquecidos, do diretor alemão Werner Herzog, produzido em 2010. Nessas atividades, discutimos por que o uso da datação por carbono 14 nas pinturas rupestres retratadas no documentário causou impacto na área arqueológica. Além disso, problematizamos alguns elementos da leitura de imagens e a narrativa desse documentário. A coleta de informações se deu por meio de gravações em vídeo e da produção escrita dos licenciandos. A análise foi realizada a partir de princípios e noções da Análise do Discurso, principalmente através de textos de Eni Orlandi publicados no Brasil. Durante a realização das atividades destacamos a intenção dos licenciandos de realizar leitura crítica de imagens em movimento e da narrativa contida no documentário utilizado.
Contribuições das áreas de educação e ensino para o desenvolvimento da educomunicação
Authors: Sartori Ademilde Silveira , Pessôa Esther Bahr
Published: November 2017

Neste artigo buscamos demonstrar a relevância dos programas de pós-graduação nas áreas de educação e ensino para a consolidação da educomunicação. Para isso, realizamos uma revisão integrativa de literatura, buscando teses e dissertações no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes e no Banco Digital de Teses e Dissertações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia com a palavra-chave “educomunicação”. Obtivemos inicialmente 241 trabalhos, dos quais 102 foram produzidos em programas das áreas desejadas. Concluímos que esses programas representam uma parcela significativa na produção acadêmica total relacionada à educomunicação e apresentam padrões semelhantes. Defendemos, assim, que eles desempenham papel de grande importância no desenvolvimento do campo.
Three-Vessel Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Clinical Suspicion of Ischemia
Authors: Kobayashi Yuhei , Lee Joo Myung , Fearon William F. , Lee Jang Hoon , Nishi Takeshi , Choi Dong-Hyun , Zimmermann Frederik M. , Jung Ji-Hyun , Lee Hyun-Jung , Doh Joon-Hyung , Nam Chang-Wook , Shin Eun-Seok , Koo Bon-Kwon
Published: November 2017

Background—

Difficulty directly visualizing the coronary microvasculature as opposed to the epicardial coronary artery makes its assessment challenging. The goal of this study is to measure the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) in all 3 major coronary vessels to identify the clinical and angiographic predictors of an abnormal IMR.

Methods and Results—

Ninety-three patients who underwent coronary physiological assessment in all 3 major coronary vessels were prospectively enrolled (59.8±9.4 years with 77.4% men). IMR was corrected using Yong’s formula and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) was defined using vessel-specific cutoffs. A global IMR was calculated as the sum of the IMR in all 3 major epicardial vessels. Angiographic epicardial disease severity was assessed with vessel-specific and overall SYNTAX score. Median IMR and fractional flow reserve was 17.2 (Q1–Q3: 13.3–22.9) and 0.92 (0.85–0.97). The majority of patients (59.1%) had no CMD, 23.7% had 1-vessel CMD, 14.0% had 2-vessel CMD, and 3.2% had 3-vessel CMD. CMD was observed at a similar rate in the territories supplied by all 3 major coronary vessels (left anterior descending coronary artery 28.0%, left circumflex artery 19.4%, and right coronary artery 23.7%;
P
=0.39). Fractional flow reserve had a weak, positive correlation with IMR (ρ=0.16;
P
<0.01). The SYNTAX score had no significant correlation with IMR, both at a patient level (ρ=−0.002;
P
=0.99) and a vessel-specific level (ρ=−0.06;
P
=0.36). By multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis, no variable was left as an independent predictor of an abnormal IMR.

Conclusions—

Clinical factors and epicardial coronary disease severity are not predictors of the extent of CMD.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01621438.
Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction and Myocardial Injury
Authors: Chapman Andrew R. , Shah Anoop S.V. , Lee Kuan Ken , Anand Atul , Francis Oliver , Adamson Philip , McAllister David A. , Strachan Fiona E. , Newby David E. , Mills Nicholas L.
Published: November 2017

Background:

Type 2 myocardial infarction and myocardial injury are common in clinical practice, but long-term consequences are uncertain. We aimed to define long-term outcomes and explore risk stratification in patients with type 2 myocardial infarction and myocardial injury.

Methods:

We identified consecutive patients (n=2122) with elevated cardiac troponin I concentrations (≥0.05 µg/L) at a tertiary cardiac center. All diagnoses were adjudicated as per the universal definition of myocardial infarction. The primary outcome was all-cause death. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (eg, nonfatal myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death) and noncardiovascular death. To explore competing risks, cause-specific hazard ratios were obtained using Cox regression models.

Results:

The adjudicated index diagnosis was type 1 or 2 myocardial infarction or myocardial injury in 1171 (55.2%), 429 (20.2%), and 522 (24.6%) patients, respectively. At 5 years, all-cause death rates were higher in those with type 2 myocardial infarction (62.5%) or myocardial injury (72.4%) compared with type 1 myocardial infarction (36.7%). The majority of excess deaths in those with type 2 myocardial infarction or myocardial injury were because of noncardiovascular causes (hazard ratio, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.92–2.81 versus type 1 myocardial infarction). Despite this finding, the observed crude major adverse cardiovascular event rates were similar between groups (30.6% versus 32.6%), with differences apparent after adjustment for covariates (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.69–0.96). Coronary heart disease was an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in those with type 2 myocardial infarction or myocardial injury (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–2.24).

Conclusions:

Despite an excess in noncardiovascular death, patients with type 2 myocardial infarction or myocardial injury have a similar crude rate of major adverse cardiovascular events as those with type 1 myocardial infarction. Identifying underlying coronary heart disease in this vulnerable population may help target therapies that could modify future risk.
Why Truth Matters for the Study of Religion: A Defense of a Truth-Conditional Semantics
Authors: Gardiner Mark Q.
Published: November 2017

Truth-conditional semantics holds that the meaning of a linguistic expression is a function of the conditions under which it would be true. This seems to require limiting meaningfulness to linguistic phenomena for which the question of truth or falsity is relevant. Criticisms have been raised that there are vast swatches of meaningful language that are simply not truth-related, with religion representing a particularly rich and prevalent source. I argue that if the concept of truth as used in a truth-conditional semantics is understood in ways other than correspondence to fact, there are suitable reformulations of a truth-conditional semantics that may be appropriate for understanding religion. I further argue that these reformulations offer considerable methodological advantages to the scholar of religion.
Rivalry between Presbyters and Deacons in the Roman Church
Authors: Hunter David G.
Published: November 2017

In this article I offer three brief notes on Ambrosiaster’s Q. 101, De iactantia Romanorum leuitarum. First, I discuss its relation to Letter 146 of Jerome, which also deals with the rivalry between presbyters and deacons and which bears a close resemblance to Q. 101; second, I examine the peculiar features of the church hierarchy at Rome that led the anonymous deacon to claim a superior status to presbyters; and, third, I explore some indications in Q. 101 and in Jerome, Letter 146, which point to the activity of deacons in elite households at Rome.
Research for Regions: Strengthening Marine Technology Transfer for Pacific Island Countries and Biodiversity beyond National Jurisdiction
Authors: Harden-Davies Harriet R.
Published: November 2017

Pacific Island Countries have limited capacity to engage in scientific research involving marine genetic resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction (abnj). Marine scientific research and capacity development are central to the regime for technology transfer established by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (losc), but gaps and ambiguities weaken this framework. In this article, options to strengthen scientific capacity in Pacific Island Countries, through the development of a new international legally binding instrument for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in abnj under the losc, are examined. The international framework for technology transfer could be strengthened by fostering an integrated approach to the advancement, sharing and application of scientific knowledge. Coordination and collaboration at global and regional levels will be required to increase marine science cooperation, improve access to data and information, deliver training, and overcome barriers to develop institutional and individual scientific capacity.
What is the Function of Satyr Play?
Authors: Di Marco Massimo
Published: November 2017

Especially in recent years, scholars have tended to regard the satyr play as a genre which, despite its humorous features, seriously aimed at carrying out a socio-political function, or – at the very last – at conveying ethical or cultural messages to its Athenian audience. According to these views, the satyrs’ rusticity would have served the purpose of satisfying the tastes of the countryside citizens, less attracted to tragedy, thus facilitating – after Cleisthenes’ reforms – a process of demographic osmosis among different population groups. By staging the satyrs’ antiethos the poet would have operated kat’antiphrasin to affirm and strengthen the social norms and values; the childish ingenuity of marginal and wild creatures such as the satyrs would have helped the Athenians rediscover the origins of their own culture; the exhibition of ithyphallic satyrs would have contributed to reestablish, in the male spectators, that sense of virility that tragedy, exciting typically feminine emotions, had temporarily eclipsed. These interpretations focus on themes and elements which are, indeed, important to the plot of the satyr play. However, their paideutic meaning or pragmatic effectiveness is weakened – if not utterly neutralized – by their being placed in the context of a playful metafiction, where actions, situations, and relationships between the characters have no value in themselves, but appear to be subject to a single dominant aim: to raise a smile from the audience. To fulfill this purpose, the playwright exploits all the estrangement effects conveyed by the interaction and the interlocution between satyrs and heroes. Ancient critics had already grasped the true nature of the genre aptly defined as a playful tragedy (tragoidia paizousa), and were essentially correct (though not exhaustive) in giving it a function of diachysis or delectatio/relaxatio. The satyr-chorus will only take on a real political function in the last decades of the 4th century bc, in parallel with the progressive reduction of the onomasti komoidein in comedy. This will lead to a partial contamination between the two genres, and to the loss of the original features of the classical satyr play.
Eleven new species of the spider genus Althepus Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Thailand
Authors: LIU CHANG , LI FENGYUAN , WONGPROM PRASIT , ZHENG GUO , LI SHUQIANG
Published: November 2017

Eleven new Althepus species of the spider family Ochyroceratidae are reported from Thailand: A. duan sp. nov., A. duoji sp. nov. (male only), A. huoyan sp. nov., A. jiandan sp. nov., A. kuan sp. nov., A. lakmueangensis sp. nov., A. languensis sp. nov., A. muangensis sp. nov., A. qiqiu sp. nov. (female only), A. tuqi sp. nov., A. xianxi sp. nov. All types are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, China (IZCAS).
8. Bureaucracy and Knowledge Creation: The Apothecary Chancery
Authors: Griffin Clare
Published: November 2017

Here, Griffin considers the extent to which, in the 17th century, a chancery established for the benefit of the Tsar and his family – the ‘Apothecary Chancery’ – could and did, albeit to a limited extent, generate knowledge for somewhat wider distribution. The chancery produced reports, covering a range of subjects, which included autopsies to establish cause of death, “physicals” of servitors to see if they were still fit to serve, investigations into the private trade in medical drugs, proposed courses of treatments, notes regarding unsuccessful treatments, and considerations of illnesses, medicines, and medical practices. Griffin uses these reports to investigate knowledge circulation and information technologies in the context of seventeenth-century Russian administration, and in turn to see what the Russian case can reveal about information technologies in the early modern context.