bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RELEVANCE OF HLA-II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS IN PREDICTING THE RISK OF DEVELOPING A NUMBER OF BULLOUSE DERMATOSES
Authors: Drozhdina Marianna , Koshkin Sergey Vladimirovich , Chuprakov Pavel Grigorievich
Published: January 2025

Background. Bullous dermatoses are a group of severe heterogeneous diseases that are potentially life threatening and significantly worsen its quality.
Aims. To establish the regularities of the implementation of individual links in the immunopathogenesis of bullous dermatoses (BD) using the example of pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid and benign familial pemphigus in accordance with the data of clinical and immunogenetic studies to develop scientifically based approaches to predicting the course and personification of therapy for bullous dermatoses.
Methods. A prospective open, simple, comparative, scientific study included 101 patients (men – 33, women – 68) with bullous dermatoses. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2023.
Results. Statistically significant differences were revealed for a number of HLA-II indicators. Carriers of HLA-DRB1*3, DRB1*4, DRB1*14, DRB1*16, DQB1*0304, DQB1*0502-4, DQB1*0503, DQB1*02 and DQA1*0301 should be identified as a risk group for the development of PV, BFP, BP. Patients carrying histocompatibility antigens HLA-DRB1*15, DRB1*17, DQB1*201, DQB1*303, DQB1*602-8 have increased resistance to the above-mentioned bullous dermatoses.
Conclusions. An association was found between histocompatibility antigens HLA-II, pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid and benign familial pemphigus. The data obtained can be used to predict the development of the above-mentioned diseases, develop a set of preventive recommendations, verify the correct diagnosis in the early stages of diseases and minimize the risks of exposure to exposom factors.
Устойчивость исходных элементов планировок в ходе преобразования российских городов в регулярные формы
Authors: Быстрова Т.Ю. , Мазаев Г.В.
Published: January 2025

Проанализирован опыт трансформации в XVIII веке планировок ряда российских городов, доказывающий необходимость и возможность использования семантически и функционально значимых элементов города при его переходе на следующий уровень развития в качестве своеобразных «опорных точек» новой структуры. Представлен генезис теоретико-методологических подходов к развитию города через работу с его формой плана, подчеркнута важность видения города как сложно организованного многоуровневого целого в ходе этого процесса. Выделены актуальные до сегодняшнего дня приемы работы архитекторов и градостроителей с такими элементами, концентрирующими в себе историю и идентичность города.

The experience of transforming the city plans of several Russian towns in the 18th century is analyzed, proving the necessity and possibility of using semantically and functionally significant elements of the city during its transition to the next level of development as unique «reference points» of the new structure. The genesis of theoretical and methodological approaches to city development through work with its plan form is presented, and the importance of seeing the city as a complexly organized multi-level whole in this process is emphasized. The architectural and urban planning techniques by the work with such elements that concentrate the history and identity of the city, which are relevant to this day, are highlighted.
Интерференция и резонанс как факторы стилеобразования в архитектуре, дизайне и визуальных искусствах
Authors: Степанова Т.М. , Степанов А.В.
Published: January 2025

Предложен новый аспект рассмотрения стилеобразующих воздействий, взаимодействий, взаимовлияний и других характеристик формообразующих процессов, связанных с архитектурой, дизайном, изобразительными искусствами. Данный аспект «суперпозиционно» определяется естественно-научным знанием и такими его понятиями, как интерференция и резонанс. Включение этих понятий в теорию визуальных искусств междисциплинарно соотносится с физическими (оптическими), психологическими, творческими и образовательными процессами. Конфигурация идеи и темы видится в перспективе для теоретико-практического освоения восприятия, анализа и образного синтеза в области визуального творчества.

A new aspect of the consideration of style-forming influences, interactions, mutual influences and other characteristics of formative processes related to architecture, design and fine arts is proposed. This aspect is «superpositionally» determined by natural science knowledge and its concepts such as interference and resonance. The inclusion of these concepts in the theory of visual arts is interdisciplinary in relation to the physical (optical), psychological, creative and educational processes. The configuration of the idea and theme is seen in perspective for the theoretical and practical development of perception, analysis and imaginative synthesis in the field of visual creativity.
Системный анализ дизайна личных историй
Authors: Зарипова Ю.Р.
Published: January 2025

Статья исследует графический дизайн комиксов, отражающих личные истории и социальные темы. Применяя системный подход, автор выявляет взаимосвязь между элементами комикса, такими как верстка и персонажи. Для выявления предпочтений целевой аудитории был проведен дизайн-опрос. Анализируются комиксы независимого издательства Silver Sprocket по критериям уникальности стиля и индивидуальности персонажей. Примеры демонстрируют, как комиксы служат инструментом повышения социальной осознанности и обогащают культурный контекст. Автор подчеркивает значимость дизайна комиксов как социально значимого жанра, способного отразить индивидуальный опыт и сыграть важную роль в формировании общественного сознания.
Коопзверопромхозы Катангского района Иркутской области в 1960‒1970-е гг. в материалах газеты «Правда Севера»
Authors: Кудашкин В.А.
Published: January 2025

Научная новизна работы заключается в объективном анализе советской модернизации в отношении автохтонов Иркутской области. С одной стороны, данный процесс способствовал сохранению и развитию многообразия этнических групп, а с другой ‒ создавал унифицированное пространство, в которое были включены и эвенки Иркутской области. Автор указывает, что с 1965 г. в Катангском районе существовали кооперативные зверопромышленные хозяйства, и акцентирует внимание на их вклад в развитие экономики. Данное исследование позволяет утверждать, что благодаря планомерной национальной политике автохтоны стали неотъемлемой частью кооперативного движения, выступая в качестве основной трудовой силы. Автором прослеживается процесс исторической советской модернизации, который коснулся изменений в условиях труда, инфраструктуре, транспорте, связи и повышении квалификации персонала.

Modern historical science is impossible without studying local history. A real researcher works with a huge layer of data when forming an analytical reference on a relevant topic. When using different levels of sources, it is very important to complement the sources and identify relevant issues for highlighting and analyzing the “white” pages in history. The problems of the indigenous population are relevant all over the world. The Soviet Union pursued a national policy in two stages. The first stage: Lenin’s policy of 1922–1962. The second stage: 1965–1991 during the period of industrial achievements and development of the territories of the North, Siberia and the Far East. The second stage: 1965–1991 came to the attention of this author. The state has identified the northern regions of Siberia and the Arctic on national grounds, which for a long time existed far from generally accepted values, thereby contributing to the formation of social values in a multinational state. The use of the local press makes it possible to identify relevant problems and achievements at that time, since it often did not fall under the censorship of Soviet and party bodies. The newspaper “Pravda Severa” is a source for analysis in this article, allowing the author to fi ll in the problem of historical research on the social history of the Evenks who lived in the Soviet Union in the Katanga district of the Irkutsk region.
ОЦЕНКА ПАРАМЕТРА S МЕТЕОРНЫХ ПОТОКОВ ПЕРСЕИД, ОРИОНИД И ГЕМИНИД ПО ДАННЫМ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ МЕТЕОРНОЙ СЕТИ
Authors: Ефремов В.В. , Попова О.П. , Карташова А.П.
Published: January 2025

Распределение метеороидов по массам описывается степенным законом, где показатель степени - параметр s. Параметр s избранных метеорных потоков (Персеид, Геминид и Орионид) был рассчитан для 2021-2022 гг. по данным Глобальной метеорной сети (GMN). Оценка s основывалась на фотометрической оценке массы метеороидов и оценке массы по эмпирическим зависимостям. Рассмотрено изменение оценок s в течение периода активности избранных метеорных потоков. Показано, что влияние разных оценок масс частиц на параметр s может достигать 20%.

The mass distribution of meteoroids is described by a power law, where the degree exponent is the parameter s . The parameter s of selected meteoroid streams (Perseids, Geminids, and Orionids) was calculated for 2021-2022 from the Global Meteor Network (GMN) data. Parameter s estimate was based on photometric estimates of meteoroid masses and mass estimates from empirical relationships. The variation of the s estimates during the period of activity of selected meteoroid streams was analyzed. It was found that the influence of different estimates of particle masses on the parameter s can reach 20%.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ МЕЛКИХ МЕТЕОРНЫХ ТЕЛ: ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕПЛОТЫ АБЛЯЦИИ
Authors: Бушманова А.И. , Ефремов В.В. , Попова О.П. , Глазачев Д.О. , Карташова А.П.
Published: January 2025

Модель абляции используется для оценки физических параметров метеороидов миллиметрового размера. В используемой модели абляции энергия набегающего потока расходуется только на потерю массы метеороида. Подбор параметров (размер и плотность) метеороидов для воспроизведения кривых блеска осуществляется с помощью автоматизированного подхода. Исследовано влияние теплоты абляции на массу, плотность и размер метеороидов. Оценки параметров метеороидов, полученные в рамках данной модели, сравниваются с оценками по эмпирическим соотношениям и с оценками по другой модели абляции.

The ablation model is used to estimate the physical parameters of millimeter-sized meteoroids. In the ablation model used, the energy of the incident flow is spent only on the loss of mass of the meteoroid. The selection of parameters (size and density) of meteoroids for the reproduction of light curves is carried out using an automated approach. The influence of ablation heat on the mass, density and size of meteoroids was investigated. The estimates of meteoroid parameters obtained within the framework of this model are compared with estimates based on empirical relationships and with estimates based on another ablation model.
Structure, bonding and ionic mobility in Na-V-P-O glasses for energy storage applications through experiments, first-principles and machine learning-accelerated molecular dynamics
Authors: Wansi Wendji Steve Dave , Piotrowski Remi , Familiari Antonio , Massobrio Carlo , Boero Mauro , Tugène Christine , Shuaib Firas , Hamani David , Geffroy Pierre-Marie , Thomas Philippe , Pedone Alfonso , Bouzid Assil , Masson Olivier , Delaizir Gaelle , Ori Guido
Published: January 2025

Na-V-P-O glasses are promising cathode materials for sodium ion batteries, and yet a thorough understanding of their atomic scale behavior has so far been elusive. In this work we integrate structural and electrochemical experiments with first-principles and large-scale machine learning-accelerated molecular dynamics to elucidate quantitatively the interplay among structure, bonding, and ion mobility on space and time scales of unprecedented extensions. We unravel the existence of a broad V coordination distribution together with heterogeneous Na-ion mobility featuring percolation channels. Our results are instrumental in the search of NVP glasses optimization for electrochemical applications.
Low-frequency Raman Spectra of Amyloid Fibrils
Authors: Harper Madeline , Dumi Amanda , Upadhyay Shiv , Workman Riley J. , Nelson Delaney , Nudurupati Uma , Ou Yangguang , Punihaole David
Published: January 2025

We report on how low-frequency Raman measurements can be used as a facile tool to investigate the supramolecular structure of amyloid fibrils. We investigate the low-frequency Raman spectra (< 500 cm−1) of six different amyloid fibrils exhibiting parallel β-sheet structures prepared from amyloid-β1−40, amylin, amyloid-β25−35, and amylin20−29 peptides . We propose band assignments using a combination of semi-empirical tight-binding calculations and insights gleaned from previously published studies on model polypeptides in β-sheet conformations. We discuss how lowfrequency Raman modes can be used to probe the interactions, packing, and ordering of strands and side chains within fibril β-sheets to gain insights into their supramolecular structures.
Cation Hydrophobicity Effects on Protein Solvation in Aqueous Ionic Liquids
Authors: Piccoli Vinicius , Martínez Leandro
Published: January 2025

This study examines the influence of cation hydrophobicity on protein solvation in aqueous solutions of Ionic Liquids. Ubiquitin solvation structures and thermodynamics in systems with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([EMIM]⁺) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([BMIM]⁺) are studied using molecular dynamics simulations, Minimum-Distance distribution functions, and the Kirkwood-Buff theory of solvation. At low concentrations, the larger alkyl chain leads to enhanced water exclusion and increased accumulation of [BMIM]⁺ at the protein surface relative to [EMIM]⁺. The preferential solvation, nevertheless, depends on the ionic liquid concentration differently for each cation. As concentrations increase, [BMIM]⁺ relative accumulation decreases relative to [EMIM]+. This causes a reversal of cation-protein affinities relative to water, and [EMIM]+ displays greater preferential solvation of the protein at higher concentrations. This reversal is a consequence of the saturation of the cation-specific protein surface binding sites, and the different molarities of water in the bulk solutions implied by the cation sizes. These effects are mostly independent of the anion composing the IL.
High-throughput computational analysis of kinetic barriers to ring-closing depolymerization for aliphatic polycarbonates
Authors: Ransom Brandi , Bosio Riccardo , Zubarev Dmitry , Hedrick James , Park Nathaniel
Published: January 2025

The chemical reversion of polymers via ring-closing depolymerization (RCD) to their monomeric constituents is a highly promising avenue to enable end of life-cycle recycling and reuse. However, most reported systems using RCD revolve around bespoke monomer designs to facilitate facile depolymerization and there exists relatively few investigations into influence of functional groups on the ability of a particular monomer to cleanly undergo depolymerization. Here, we perform computational investigations into the energy barriers for RCD of 6-membered aliphatic carbonates in different solvents. The results demonstrate highlight clear trends observed in prior experimental studies, validating the utility of computational investigations towards understanding RCD. Experimental evaluation of thermal depolymerization of two monomers confirmed the ability of the computationally investigated monomers to cleanly undergo RCD. Overall, this work highlights the utility of high-throughput energy barrier computations to provide meaningful insight into broad reactivity trends that would be highly laborious to access experimentally.
Polyoxometalate-Loaded Carboxymethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles with Anticancer Activity
Authors: Parris Jaclyn M. , Wiprächtiger Giann , Hooshmandabbasi Reyhaneh , Maake Caroline , Patzke Greta R.
Published: January 2025

Nanoparticles composed of selected polyoxometalates (POMs) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were prepared, characterized, and tested for anticancer activity to establish structure-activity relationships. Cell viability was investigated immediately after treatment and after 24 h to assess both cell recovery and delayed cytotoxicity. The study focused on three questions: (a) trends in cytotoxicity based on POM nuclearity and heteroatoms, (b) effects of CMC encapsulation strategies on cytotoxicity, and (c) cell viability after a recovery period. Among polyoxotungstates, [NaP5W30O110]14-, with a high tungsten content, showed the greatest cytotoxicity towards PC-3 cells at low concentrations. [Co4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2]10- demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 437 ± 23 µM for MRC-5 cells, compared to 11 ± 0.3 µM for [NaP5W30O110]14-. Both POMs were encapsulated in a CMC matrix, forming nanoparticles of 100-250 nm, and analyzed by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, DLS, and cryo-TEM, and tested against MRC-5, PC-3, and HeLa cells. It was found that forming nanoparticles increased the magnitude of the cytotoxicity compared to the free POM, especially for the lower end of concentrations tested. Furthermore, we newly monitored the cell viability after a 24 h rest period without treatment, allowing for observations of delayed negative or positive effects on the cells. This thorough approach revealed that the preparative strategy applied for encapsulation of [Co4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2]10- in CMC selectively influences the toxicity against HeLa and PC-3 cells compared to the normal MRC-5 cell line.
Autonomous Phase Mapping of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis with Differentiable Models of Spectral Shape
Authors: Vaddi Kiran , Chiang Huat Thart , Pozzo Lilo D
Published: January 2025

Autonomous experimentation, or self-driving labs as they are popularly known, is a novel way of experimental planning and scheduling to systematically integrate automated material synthesis, characterization, and data analysis for accelerated materials design and discovery. This paper presents an autonomous experimentation workflow to conduct an iterative, on-demand synthesis, and structural characterization of colloidal gold nanoparticles to map composition information to nano-scale structure in a closed loop. We introduce a unified experimental planning framework based on differentiable models of the shape of a spectrum to solve the two categories of problems tackled using autonomous experimentation: a) quantitatively mapping compositional parameters to regions with particular behavior in structure or property i.e. phase mapping; b) inverse design of materials with a target structure or function i.e. material retrosynthesis. Using functional data analysis, we describe a data-driven computational model to map correlations between the compositions (i.e., synthesis or processing conditions) to the shape of a characterization curve (e.g.: UV-Vis spectroscopy). By integrating generative pre-training, active learning, and high-throughput experimentation, we train a surrogate model capable of predicting characterization curves across compositional spaces. The model-based approach to experimental planning provides convergence criteria for terminating iterative experimentation by measuring the model's test accuracy. We demonstrate the utility of trained differentiable models in generating phase maps of a seed-mediated growth of colloidal gold nanoparticles for extracting design rules, secondary interaction effects (between synthesis components and their impact on nanoparticle structure), and efficient navigation of different gold nanoparticle morphologies space. We then describe an application of the differentiable models to colloidal gold nanoparticle retrosynthesis using a gradient-based optimization to showcase the construction of a self-driving lab doubly capable of structure optimization and phase map generation.
The practice of using varios methods of sample preparation for the X-ray fluorescence determination of macroelements in geological rocks, soils and sediments
Authors: Kuzmina T. G. , Khokhlova I. V. , Romashova T. V. , Troneva M. A.
Published: January 2025

To determine the content of macronutrients in rocks, soils and sediments, three methods of sample preparation were used by the X-ray fluorescence method: pressing powder samples; fusing in gold-platinum crucibles to obtain glass discs; fusing on graphite substrates followed by melting and tablet pressing. A detailed description of each of the methods used is provided. For fusion in gold-platinum crucibles, a ready-made LITHIUM BORATE FLUX (from the company CHEMPHYS) was used, its composition: Li2B4O7 (67%) + LiBO2 (33%) + alloying additive LiBr. For fusion on graphite substrates, powders of lithium tetraborate and metaborate in a ratio of 2:1, dried at 600°C. Random errors of the analysis are estimated: errors of sample preparation and intensity measurement. It is shown that in all cases, the total errors do not exceed the permissible level when conducting mass analyses of the III category. Standard samples of rocks, sediments and soils were used to obtain the grades, The metrological characteristics of X-ray fluorescence analysis techniques using each of the three sample preparation methods are presented. The residual standard deviations of the calibration dependencies are compared. The correctness of the analysis results was verified on three standard samples. The advantages and disadvantages of each sample preparation method are noted. The use of the simplest, cheapest and express method of pressing tablets from the source material is possible only if the content of elements in the analyzed samples does not exceed the limits of the calibration dependencies of this technique. The method of fusion in gold-platinum crucibles requires preliminary information about the chemical composition of the analyzed sample. The method of fusing on graphite substrates (followed by melting and pressing the tablet) is more versatile and has no restrictions on the composition of the fused sample. It is shown that the systematic errors of the method for pressed tablets exceed the errors of the methods using the second and third techniques. The work was performed on the AXIOS Advanced wave dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (PANalytical B.V., Holland).
A comparison of results of determining the hydrocarbon group-type composition of petroleum samples obtained using various test methods of open-column liquid chromatography
Authors: Panyukova D. I. , Ossipov K. , Savonina E. Yu. , Maryutina T. A.
Published: January 2025

The hydrocarbon group-type composition (so-called SARA-composition) is one of the main characteristics of oil, providing an information about its chemical nature and determining the quality of the obtained petroleum products. In world laboratory practice, data on the hydrocarbon group-type composition of petroleum feedstock are widely used to assess its colloidal stability and compatibility with crude oil, reactivity in various conversion processes, predicting physical properties, etc. Traditionally, the hydrocarbon group-type composition is determined in accordance with standard and research chromatographic methods that differ significantly from each other, which often leads to obtaining incomparable analytical results. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the results of determining the hydrocarbon group-type composition obtained in accordance with two test methods within the open-column liquid chromatography method is carried out for various of petroleum samples of Russian origin (commercial oils of different classes and two petroleum products). Using the standard test method ASTM D4124 (method B) and the research test method developed by JSC VNII NP, the content of identical hydrocarbon groups in the maltene part of petroleum samples was determined: saturated hydrocarbons (SH) and paraffinic-naphthenic hydrocarbons (PNH), naphthenic aromatic (NAH) and aromatic hydrocarbons (AH), polar aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and resins (R), respectively. It is shown that with an increase the density and viscosity of petroleum samples, the content of less polar groups (SH and PNH) in their composition decreases and the content of more polar groups (PAH and R) obviously increases, and there is no pronounced distribution pattern of the NAH and AH groups. Statistical processing revealed insignificant differences in the results for «heavy and viscous» oils, despite the large error of those obtained according to the research test method. Obtaining comparable results justifies the use of both test methods not only for the analysis of high-boiling petroleum products, but also for the analysis «heavy and viscous» oil samples.
The History of the Word tseninnyi in the Russian Language (Semantic Modifications)
Authors: Gilazrtdinova G. Kh. , Akhmerova L. R.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the origins and functioning of the lexeme tseninnyi throughout the history of the Russian language, focusing on its role as a color term with Oriental roots. Its semantic evolution was traced using a variety of sources, including historical, etymological, and dialect dictionaries, as well as Old Russian texts. The analysis is based on 1) systemic-linguistic, or paradigmatic, and 2) etymological aspects. In Old Russian texts, this term refers to a shade of blue (tseninnyi1 ) and glazed ceramics with blue enamel (tseninnyj2 ). Both of these meanings emerged almost simultaneously in the second half of the 16th century. As a color name, tseninnyi fell out of use before the end of the 17th century, largely due to changing fashion trends as the expensive textiles in this color gradually became unpopular. At the same time, tseninnyi, when used in architectural language to denote glazed ceramics and tiles with a monochrome pattern, has proved to be more enduring and survived up to the present day.
The Child’s Language System during the Vocabulary Explosion: Individual and Common Trends
Authors: Eliseeva M. V. , Tossa K. A.
Published: January 2025

A longitudinal diary study on the formation of two young girls’ individual language systems was carried out. In both cases, the general language ability was tracked by considering its key components, including the phonetic, lexical, morphological, and syntactic ones, as well as imitation skills and early metalinguistic awareness. The relation between these components (autonomy or mutual influence) was examined. The MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) were used as an auxiliary tool. The findings of the two case studies were compared with the published results of a systemic analysis based on the extensive MacArthur–Bates-CDI database on various components of general language ability. The comparisons revealed shared and individual language acquisition patterns in the early stages of speech ontogenesis. The obtained data are consistent with those reported in previous research: in the early stage of language acquisition, the speech of the girls was marked by an interaction between the phonetic (articulation of complex three- or four-syllable words), lexical (vocabulary growth), and morphological (learning grammatical categories) components, while the syntactic component progressed relatively autonomously; and then, during the later stage, morphological skills served more as a supportive mechanism that facilitated the construction of grammatically accurate syntactic structures.
Frame-Scenario in the Representation of Literary Fiction: Linguocultural Insights
Authors: Dzyubenko A. I.
Published: January 2025

The role of the frame-scenario as a cognitive structure within the artistic image, a key element of literary fiction, was studied. By examining Agatha Christie’s novel “A Pocket Full of Rye”, an example of detective discourse, the linguocultural and pragmatic features of the frame-scenario “investigation” were identified. The mechanisms of semiosis of linguistic and aesthetic signs were described, revealing how they deconstruct and transform frames and scenarios typical of a given linguoculture to create literary fiction in the textual and discursive space. The methods used include observation, modeling, cognitivesemantic and linguocultural analysis, and philological interpretation. It was demonstrated that framescenarios of detective discourse function within the contexts of both subject-referent and procedural situations. However, in “A Pocket Full of Rye”, A. Christie deviates from the procedural context by describing the crime with irony, as well as by gradually introducing the characters falling under suspicion of committing the crime. Unlike frames and scenarios as two cognitive structures within a particular linguoculture characterized by the certainty and stereotypy of properties and actions, the frame-scenario in literary discourse is marked by constant deconstruction, transformation of the events expected by the reader, thereby constituting the basis of the semiosis of literary fiction.
Abnormal Behavior in the Contemporary Literary Language (Based on Millennial Prose)
Authors: Bushuyeva L. A.
Published: January 2025

This study considers words used to describe human actions in the prose of Russian millennial writers, who emerged as a separate generation due to the Pushkin Prize, an annual Russian literary award established to honor young writers for literary excellence. These writers have only recently come into the focus of research, thus making it timely and relevant to explore their works and activities. The results obtained show that investigating contemporary literary texts is essential for understanding how both people and culture have changed in the new millennium: human beings are shaped by the actions they take, and their capacity for action is determined by self-reflection, responsibility, and the pursuit of accepted social values. Among all the identified human actions, those with the highest communicative value in the millennial prose were singled out, and the common verbal means used to express them were analyzed. From the analysis, the most pressing ethical issues and the weakest spots of social morality in our times continuously addressed by millennial writers were distinguished.
Discreditation and Mitigation Strategies as Two Forms of Online Identity Expression in Conflict-Generating Discourse
Authors: Palekha E. S.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the language of conflict-generating discourse in socially important contexts using the methods of complex linguo-stylistic and communicative analysis, elements of content and intent analysis, conceptual and discourse analysis, etc. The characteristics of contemporary online texts, in a broad sense, were identified. Their differences from media texts were outlined. The shifting roles of the author and audience, verbal functions, and the writer’s pragmatic intentions and communication strategies on the internet were revealed. Five key characteristics of this new form of online discourse, involving either direct or indirect interaction between the communicators (explicit dialogization), were singled out. The study is based on a number of public Telegram channels that focus on burning socio-political issues, each catering to diverse audiences, fulfilling different communication tasks, and reflecting the distinct objectives of their authors. Two speech strategies typical of socio-political discourse – discreditation and mitigation, which are opposite in their pragmatic aims – were examined. Their manifestations in the modern, potentially conflict-generating online space were demonstrated. Particular attention was given to the tactical implementation of these strategies and how it depends on the author’s stance and personal qualities. The speech examples under study were taken from previous works and provided here for illustration purposes only. The conclusion was made about the interrelation between the speech strategies and tactics used by the authors of Telegram channels and their social status, content focus, and gender. The results obtained are relevant for understanding how individuals express their identity online, as well as for increasing the safety of online interaction, promoting the principles of language ecology, and preventing excessive radicalization in the online environment.
ON THE PREVALENCE OF BACKGROUND AND TECHNOGENICALLY DEPENDENT CONCENTRATIONS OF HEAVY METALS IN RIVER WATERS
Authors: Oreshkin Valentin , Khrisanov Vladislav
Published: January 2025

Features of the prevalence of Cd and Pb dissolved forms in the water of sections of the Oka river and other rivers of the Russian Plain are considered. The influence of anthropogenic wastewater (industrial, municipal and agricultural) containing heavy metals is clearly manifested only in certain sections of the rivers of central Russia (Oka River, Volga River, and Moscow River) against the background of natural landscape and geochemical processes. An attempt is made to develop approaches to assessing the degree of anthropogenic influence on the water composition of various river sections, including those remote from pollution zones. An ecological and geochemical lead-cadmium indicator is proposed, which makes it possible to assess the anthropogenic impact and divide river sections into 3 categories (strong, medium and weak pollution, respectively). The river sections with low anthropogenic pollution have high values of this indicator corresponding to waters with the background (or close to background) concentration. A decrease in the indicator values means an increase in the role of anthropogenic effluents
MUSEUM AT THE KOL’TSOV INSTITUTE
Authors: Zubarev Dmitry
Published: January 2025

The article tells about the creation of a museum at the Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in a virtual format and about plans to open a permanent exhibition in a hall. The history of the Institute and the contribution of its outstanding employees are briefly considered.
МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ВЕКТОР ВПЛИВУ АМЕРИКАНСЬКОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ НА ТАЙВАНЬ: СУЧАСНИЙ ВИМІР
Authors: Кіянка Ірина
Published: January 2025

The formal basis of contemporary U.S.-Taiwan relations is examined. Attention is given to the phrasing concerning the recognition of the “One China” policy and the absence of any official stance on whether Washington acknowledges or rejects Beijing’s claims to sovereignty over Taiwan. It is noted that from 1979 to 2016, no formal contacts occurred between the leaders of the United States and the Republic of China. An analysis of President Joseph Biden’s statements re- garding Taiwan from 2021 to 2024 is provided, highlighting a shift from “strate- gic ambiguity” to “strategic clarity.” The complex process for declaring Taiwan’s independence, which requires amendments to the Republic of China’s Constitu- tion, is emphasized.
The “Taiwan Enhanced Resilience Act” passed by the U.S. Congress in 2022, is mentioned, with particular attention to its extension of the “Foreign Military Financing” program to Taiwan. The Taiwanese presidential elections, as well as the reactions from the People’s Republic of China and the United States, are also examined. It is emphasized that deterring the PRC from resolving the Taiwan issue through force is not feasible without the involvement of the U.S. and its re- gional allies, including South Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Australia, and New Zealand. Attention is given to the plans of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), a global leader in semiconductor production, to build a third plant in Phoenix, Arizona (USA). It is determined that U.S. policy towards Taiwan is marked by the need to main- tain a balance of power in the Taiwan Strait. The current sisuation in the region underscores the importance of U.S.-Taiwan relations, the effectiveness of which is crucial for both regional and global stability. It is noted that the United States is Taiwan’s main arms supplier, and any delay in providing aid in the event of a PRC invasion would pose existential risks for Taiwan. A comparison is drawn with the six-month delay by the U.S. Congress in passing the aid package for Ukraine in 2023–2024.
Thus, the dynamic nature of international relations and the increasing risks of armed conflict in the Taiwan Strait underscore the topic’s relevance.
«НАРОДНА ДУМКА» ТА РИТОРИКА ВЛАДИ В ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ МОЛДОВИ(БЕРЕЗЕНЬ – КВІТЕНЬ 2023)
Authors: Павлюх Марія
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the main thematic fields of the leading Mol- dovan media. Separation of articles by blocks of “popular opinion” and “rhetoric of the government” will make it possible to understand the main narratives that are present in the leading channels of Moldova. Often in many Moldovan media there is a “Kremlin’s hand” and an outpouring of Russian propaganda spread by various pro-Russian forces. The tone of the materials is frankly hostile, especial- ly the materials related to Ukrainians, Ukraine and the Russian-Ukrainian war. In the coverage of these issues, there are significant distortions, lies, distortions and fabrications of facts that did not actually exist.
The purpose of the article is to investigate and distinguish the thematic planes of the leading Moldovan media according to the blocks of “popular opinion”, “rhetoric of the government”; study the rhetoric of the articles.
Research Methodology: the article uses a set of general and special methods: the method of conceptual analysis in determining individual narratives that are pres- ent in the articles of Moldovan propaganda telegram channels; a comparative analysis in distinguishing the narratives that are spread by Moldovan and Russian propagandists regarding the Moldovan Soviet past, as well as the narratives that are promoted in the information space by Russian propaganda.
Results and Conclusions. The general characteristics of the information space of Moldova touch on thematic areas important for the state: the security situation of Moldova, the official language, foreign and domestic policies, the government vs. the opposition, the state’s economy, benefits for the population and social protection, the Russian-Ukrainian war, the region of Transnistria. Telegram channels of Moldova, which can be counted among the “popular opi- nion” block, highlight difficult problems that are painful for the average citizen. In the information space, you can often find manipulative materials. The thematic block “rhetoric of power” unites publications that take a pro-government position and cover the work of well-known politicians, state departments and structures.
A CASE STUDY OF ACADEMICALLY HIGH ACHIEVED STUDENTS IN KSEEB EXAMINATION
Authors: N Dandinker Suryakant
Published: January 2025

Education aims to foster the all-round development of students, nurturing their intellectual, emotional, and social growth. Among the students, a notable number are excelling in KSEEB board examinations, showcasing their potential and determination. However, it is observed that while some students’ exhibit exceptional brilliance and benefit from strong parental support, others with average IQ levels and challenging socio-economic backgrounds also perform commendably. This raises important questions about the factors contributing to academic success and the support systems required to enable such achievements. Gulbarga, an underdeveloped city with a unique socio-cultural and economic context, provides an interesting backdrop for this investigation. Given its challenges, the academic success of students in this region holds particular significance. To delve deeper into this phenomenon, the investigator employed a case study method, which allows for a holistic and in-depth exploration of the variables affecting student performance. The findings highlight several critical aspects. First, the role of parents is pivotal in shaping a child's educational journey. Parents are encouraged to create a supportive and nurturing environment at home, which is conducive to learning. A stable and encouraging atmosphere can significantly boost a student’s confidence and focus. Additionally, the role of teachers cannot be overstated. Educators should strive to identify the individual needs and challenges of their students. By providing tailored support and fostering a positive learning environment, teachers can enhance both the confidence and performance levels of their students. Ultimately, a collaborative effort between parents, teachers, and the broader community can empower students to overcome obstacles and excel academically, regardless of their socio-economic background.
MANIFESTATION OF DEMOCRACY IN THE SELECTED NON-FICTION WORKS OF ARUNDHATI ROY
Authors: Dhillon Deepak , Dahiya Parvesh
Published: January 2025

The concept of nation is studied under the rubrics of Cultural Studies. The nation has natural tendency to cause homogenization of culture and this may create an exclusion of minorities and less assertive weaker section of society from having a stake in its progress. These conditions threaten the very existence of a nation-state as it becomes the breeding ground for secessionist movements. A subaltern resistance to the dominant, oppressive and hegemonic class starts to raise its head as it is happening in today’s India. Nayar writes that, “the nation-state must therefore be interrogated for the ways in which it concentrates power – and therefore culture – in the hands of a few. The women’s, queer, Dalitbahujan and working class movements/counter-narratives seek to recast the nation-state by revealing its elitist biases and exclusionary structure” (104). Only way to iron out these inconsistencies in the project of equality is to adopt and promote the institution of democracy.
CLASSIFIERS OF BODO AND KOCH RABHA LANGUAGES
Authors: Basumatary Bindu , Boro Indira
Published: January 2025

The use of classifiers is a significant linguistic feature in many Sino-Tibetan and Tibeto-Burman languages, including Bodo and Koch Rabha languages spoken in North East India, mainly in Assam. Basically classifiers are grammatical elements used with numerals and numbers or quantifiers to categorize and quantify nouns based on their inherent characteristics such as shape, size or function. This abstract explores in Bodo and Koch Rabha languages, highlighting their similarities and unique aspects within the two linguistic systems. with the comparative methods of study.
THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP FOR TALENT RETENTION AND ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Sinha Manish Kumar , Mukherjee Kausik
Published: January 2025

Transformational leadership plays a crucial role in fostering talent retention and employee engagement, both of which are vital for organizational success in today’s competitive landscape. This leadership style, characterized by qualities such as inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, idealized influence, and intellectual stimulation, inspires employees to align with organizational goals while fostering personal growth. Transformational leaders create an engaging work environment where employees feel valued, supported, and empowered, leading to increased job satisfaction and loyalty. By addressing the unique needs and aspirations of their team members, these leaders reduce turnover rates and enhance overall employee retention. This study explores how transformational leadership impacts key metrics such as job satisfaction, engagement levels, and collaboration effectiveness. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the research examines pre- and post-implementation data to highlight measurable improvements in retention and engagement. Show actionable insights, this study aims to guide leaders and HR professionals in creating strategies that leverage transformational leadership to build resilient, engaged, and high-performing teams.
TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN TRENDS IN HOSPITALITY: THE RISE OF SMART HOTELS IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Singh Surendra , Sharma Monu , Bangad Peeyush Raj
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the integration of smart technologies in the hospitality sector, focusing on customer perceptions, adoption rates, and operational outcomes of smart hotels. Using a mixed-method approach and data from 150 respondents, the research evaluates critical factors influencing the acceptance of smart hotel technologies, including demographic variables, perceived benefits, and barriers. Advanced statistical techniques such as ANOVA, Chi-Square tests, and correlation analysis were applied to test hypotheses and derive meaningful insights. The results reveal that customer satisfaction and operational efficiencies significantly influence the adoption of smart hotel technologies, while challenges like data privacy concerns and high costs impede widespread implementation. The study highlights the role of automation, IoT-enabled services, and AI in enhancing customer experiences and streamlining operations. The findings underscore the need for tailored strategies to address diverse customer preferences and demographic variations, as well as robust solutions to mitigate privacy and cost concerns. This research contributes to both academic literature and practical applications by offering actionable recommendations for hotel operators aiming to maximize the benefits of smart technologies while addressing potential barriers.
A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES: ENCRYPTION, DECRYPTION, RSA AND MORE
Authors: Chaudhary Poonam , Kumar Vishal
Published: January 2025

Communication plays a crucial role in today’s information age, with the advancement of new technologies, altogether making security a vital consideration. In order to protect the information being transmitted, having a specific mechanism is of utmost importance. This current era of digitization involves the process of converting original data into an unreadable format, known as encryption, and then reverting it back to its original form, called decryption. The study encompassing both encryption and decryption is referred to as cryptography. This paper aims to analyze various types of cryptography, as well as the concepts of encryption and decryption, and provides a brief overview of cryptographic techniques. When discussing information security, several services come to mind, including confidentiality (information privacy), authentication, and integrity (ensuring data has not been altered). This paper offers a comprehensive description of these cryptographic techniques and focuses on the public key cryptography algorithm, RSA.
PERFORMANCE LEVEL VARIATIONS IN MALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS: AN ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILES
Authors: Kaushik Neeraj , Dev Prakash
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a 24 week training program on physical, physiological and psychological profiles for male national level basketball players. This research problem explores the primary research problem of how would the intervention affect the levels of anxiety, emotional intelligence, stress, mental health and concentration among the athletes. The controlled experimental design included 150 participants who were distributed into an experimental group receiving structured training and a control group maintaining their routine activities. In data collection, standardized psychological scales were used, while statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t test and repeated measures ANOVA. True to the findings, after training, the experimental group showed reduced anxiety and stress, increased emotional intelligence, increased concentration and mental health. Taken together these results suggest that targeted training of mental and physical capacities within athletic programs can boost directional resilience and cognitive performance to best realize overall sports performance. The study has important implications with respect to structured interventions to promote positive mental health among athletes and underscores the need for broader research in disparate populations and competitive levels.