bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
БЛАГОПОЖЕЛАНИЯ КАК ЯЗЫКОВОЕ ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ТРАДИЦИОННЫХ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ ХАКАСОВ: МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ
Authors:   N. F. Katanov Khakas State University, CHERTYKOVA Maria
Published: October 2024

In this article, we presented our vision of the tasks, methods and prospects for studying texts of good wishes in the Khakas language, which are the most widespread, vibrant and ancient form of linguistic representation of the spiritual culture of the Khakas. While in folkloristic and ethnographic studies this folklore genre was considered in the system of ideological values and etiquette behavior of the ethnic group, its linguistic corpus remains an untouched area. However, the basic basis of traditional good wishes is its language – a special verbal form of manifestation of the ethnic mentality, therefore, it should receive scientific coverage at all linguistic levels: semantic, grammatical, syntactic, pragmatic, etc. For a more in-depth consideration in order to identify the system of traditional values and worldview of the ethnos complex linguo-folkloristic, ethno-, linguocultural methods are used. The purpose of the article is to describe the methods, tasks and prospects for studying texts of good wishes. To achieve the goal, tasks related to the designation of texts of good wishes as an object of research are set and methods are proposed for a more in-depth comprehensive study of their plan of expression and plan of content. Thus, the study of complex problems of value categories of good wishes, pragmatic situations of their implementation and other forms of good wishes, reflected in the relationships of linguistic individuals, form an independent scientific direction. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of research into the language of the textual structure of well-wishes and the need to develop their linguistic-folkloristic paradigm, as well as the formation of a new conceptual apparatus. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time texts of good wishes are becoming the subject of special research on linguistic parameters correlated with pragmatic, communicative, folkloristic and other characteristics. The article identifies questions for potential research into texts of good wishes and describes methods for achieving these goals. This topic has good prospects for further research in interdisciplinary areas. In addition, the popularization of texts of traditional good wishes in the public environment, their spiritual and mental attitudes will make a certain contribution to the preservation and development of the Khakas language. First of all, the use of traditional expressions of good wishes in the modern discursive space allows us to expand the ontological function of the Khakas language.
ЧУЧУНА: АВТОХТОННЫЕ ПЛЕМЕНА В ИСТОРИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕДАНИЯХ И ЛЕГЕНДАХ ЯКУТОВ
Authors:   Institute for Humanities Research and North Indigenous People Problems of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, BRAVINA Rosalia
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of folklore texts as a source for studying the ancient stages of Yakuts' settlement in various landscape zones of Yakutia. The purpose and objectives are to systematize, analyze and interpret folklore materials about the aboriginals of Yakutia using data from linguistics, ethnography and archeology. To systematize folklore plots and classify characters, binary concepts of “ours” and “others” are used. The dominant role is given to the category of “other”, which implies the differentiation of concepts such as “wild”, “alien”, “different”. In the study, descriptive, comparative-correlative, historical-genetic, historical-systemic and retrospective methods were used. The historical-geographical approach was involved in analyzing the historical-geographical periodization of folklore plots. According to the folklore, the aboriginal tribes of Yakutia can be divided into groups of “wild” (chuchuna, mulen), “alien” (hairy giants, tiny foreigners, long-headed sakhalar), and “different” (kara sagyl, foreigners omuk, sleeping in winter, tumats, sortols). At the initial stage of settlement, the territory is perceived as an unexplored “other”, and its inhabitants as part of the “wild” nature. As the area becomes inhabited, the image of the natives acquires real anthropomorphic features, although it retains some anatomical anomalies as a mark of the “alien” peripheral world. The author pays special attention to the transformation of ideas about chuchuna: from “half-people–half-animals” causing primitive fear, then to marginal “thin spirits”, then to “wild people” on whom they sometimes hunt, and finally to Chukchi chuchunas who kidnap women. It is suggested that under the image of mysterious chuchunas of the ethnographic time there were so-called “wanderers” – groups of young Chukchi, inspired by the desire to “see the world”, as described by V. G. Bogoraz. At the final stage of settlement, despite their “different” customs and traditions, the aborigines enter the field of active socio-cultural interaction with the descendants of immigrants and eventually assimilate into their ranks. This is evidenced by both archaeological monuments and toponyms and ethnonyms (omuk, tumat, sortol).
ВОЛШЕБНЫЕ ПРЕДМЕТЫ И СРЕДСТВА В ЯКУТСКОМ ГЕРОИЧЕСКОМ ЭПОСЕ: СЕМАНТИКА, СТРУКТУРА, ФУНКЦИИ
Authors:   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North of Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, KUZMINA Aitalina
Published: October 2024

The relevance of this topic is due to the need for a more detailed, systematic study of the structure, semantics and function of the images and plots of olonkho, in particular little-studied magical objects and means with different layers in genesis. The novelty of the study is that for the first time magical objects and means in the Yakut epic are studied in detail. The purpose of the work is to identify and study the semantics, structure, function of magical objects and means in olonkho. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: identifying the types of magical means and objects in olonkho; structural-semantic, functional analysis of magical objects; establishing parallels in the epics of other related peoples. The following research methods are used: continuous sampling method, structural-semantic analysis, structural-functional analysis, comparative-contrastive method. Various types of magical means and objects have been identified in the Yakut heroic epic: living and dead water, divine moisture ilge, book of destinies/heavenly archive, arrow, magical grass, comb, needle, flint, axe, spear, wooden palm, whip, rope, iron cradle, iron box, tambourine, etc. It has been established that many of them (living water, book of destinies, arrow, magical grass, etc.) are similar to magical objects of the epics of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples, are common in the olonkho of all ethno-local groups of the Yakuts, from the Kolyma to the Yessey, separated by several thousand kilometers, which shows their archaism. At the same time, there are also late borrowings from the fairy tale tradition associated with household items (comb, needle, flint, axe); shamanic culture is also reflected (tambourine). Magical objects perform various auxiliary functions, thanks to which the heroes come to life, are healed after a mortal wound, acquire strength and power to defeat the enemy, are cleansed from the negative impact of evil forces, learn their fate, resolve disputes, preserve their souls, arrange obstacles for pursuers, etc. All this contributes to the development, dramatization of the plot, the disclosure of the character of the hero, enhances fantasy, arouses interest in listeners. The introduction of magic objects into the plot also serves as a compositional motivation aimed at “economy and expediency of motives”. The prospect of this study is seen in the further study of miraculous assistants in the Yakut epic.
Activities of Human Rights Organizations to Protect the Rights of Citizens in the Field of Receiving Services in Microfinance Organizations
Authors: Свистунов С.В.
Published: October 2024

Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена необходимостью развития и совершенствования деятельности правозащитных организаций по защите прав граждан в сфере получения услуг в микрофинансовых организациях в Российской Федерации. В среде общественных объединений в рамках ассоциаций, союзов, деятельность которых частично связана с защитой прав граждан в сфере получения потребительских краткосрочных займов в микрофинансовых организациях, работа по оказанию юридической помощи носит формальный характер, что вызывает обоснованное недоверие со стороны граждан. Это связано, в том числе, с низким уровнем информированности граждан в регионах о возможности получения такой помощи, отсутствием централизованной информатизации, недооценкой эффективности участия общественных организаций в осуществлении работы по защите прав граждан в сфере получения услуг в микрофинансовых организациях. Целью исследования является совершенствование деятельности правозащитных организаций по защите прав граждан в сфере получения потребительских (краткосрочных) займов в микрофинансовых организациях. Во исполнение поставленной цели автор наметил ряд задач: определить направление деятельности общественных организаций в этой области, их потенциал; определить характер мер для эффективной работы правозащитных организаций, осуществляющих защиту прав граждан в сфере получения потребительских (краткосрочных) займов в микрофинансовых организациях.

The relevance of the topic raised is formulated by the need to develop and improve the activities of human rights organizations to protect the rights of citizens in the field of receiving services in microfinance organizations in the Russian Federation. Among public associations within associations, unions, whose activities are partly related to the protection of the rights of citizens in the field of obtaining consumer short-term loans from microfinance organizations, the work of providing legal assistance is of a formal nature, which causes justified mistrust on the part of citizens. This is due, among other things, to the low level of awareness of citizens in the regions about the possibility of receiving such assistance, the lack of centralized informatization, and underestimation of the effectiveness of the participation of public organizations in the implementation of work to protect the rights of citizens in the field of receiving services in microfinance organizations. The purpose of the study is to improve the activities of human rights organizations to protect the rights of citizens in the field of obtaining consumer (short-term) loans from microfinance organizations. In order to fulfill this goal, the author outlined a number of tasks: to determine the direction of activity of public organizations in this area, their potential; determine the nature of measures for the effective work of human rights organizations, protecting the rights of citizens in the field of obtaining consumer (short-term) loans in microfinance organizations.
From the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated November 9, 2022 No. 809 "On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy for the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Russian Spiritual and Moral Values" to the Federal Law of the Same Name?
Authors: Мохов А.А.
Published: October 2024

Важнейшему документу стратегического планирования — Указу Президента РФ от 9 ноября 2022 г. № 809 — исполняется два года. Его отправные положения используются также при разработке других документов. Однако в плане практической реализации его положений имеется ряд практических трудностей. Успешная реализация положений этого документа требует внесения ряда изменений и дополнений в законодательство. Одним из векторов развития законодательства в контексте сохранения и укрепления традиционных российских духовно-нравственных ценностей может стать одноименный федеральный закон.

The most important strategic planning document, as Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 809 dated November 9, 2022, turns two years old. Its starting points are also used in the development of other documents. However, there are a number of practical difficulties in the practical implementation of its provisions. The successful implementation of the provisions of this document requires a number of amendments and additions to the legislation. The federal law of the same name may become one of the vectors of legislative development in the context of preserving and strengthening traditional Russian spiritual and moral values.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI KURKUMIN DAN KOMPLEKS TEMBAGA (II) KURKUMIN TERHADAP S.AUREUS DAN E.COLI
Authors: Firdaus Giska Ristianty , Silalahi Imelda Hotmarisi , Ardiningsih Puji
Published: October 2024

Copper (II) complex of curcumin was prepared from the reaction between curcumin and a metal precursor (CuCl2.2H2O) in ethanol with a mole ratio curcumin to metal 2:1. The FTIR spectrum of Cu2+-curcumin shows a change in the absorption band and a shift in the wave number, especially in the absorption band of the phenolic –OH group 3510.45 cm-1 which is a stretching vibration that becomes wider and shifts to a larger wave number, namely 3514.30 cm-1. Compared with free curcumin spectrum the absorption band of the C=O functional group shows a change where in free curcumin is at 1627.92 cm-1 while in the Cu2+-curcumin complex the is at 1735.93 cm-1 this indicate the coordination of metal ions with curcumin. The IR spectrum shows a typical absorption band for the metal oxygen group, Cu-O 480.28 cm-1 in the Cu2+-curcumin complex. The UV-Vis spectrum of the Cu2+-curcumin complex show a shift towards a larger wavelength (red shift/batochromic) of (~2 nm). Antibacterial activity of Cu2+-curcumin complex compound is active in inhibiting S.aureus and E.coli. After complexation, the activity against the tested microorganisms generally increased and the complex showed higher activity than free curcumin.
Wavelength-steered unidirectional rotation in an autonomous light-driven molecular motor
Authors: Nicoli Federico , Taticchi Chiara , Lorini Emilio , Borghi Sara , Aleotti Flavia , Silvi Serena , Credi Alberto , Garavelli Marco , Muccioli Luca , Baroncini Massimo , Curcio Massimiliano
Published: October 2024

Artificial molecular motors are at the forefront of research in nanotechnology due to their ability to perform tasks by harnessing directionally controlled motion at the molecular scale. In particular, the development of light-driven nanomotors is a challenging task that nonetheless holds great potential for the development of sunlight-powered systems and active materials. Herein, we describe a novel azoimidazolium photochemical molecular rotary motor which operates along a triangular reaction cycle by taking advantage of the formation of diastereomeric species as a consequence of photoisomerisation. The different thermal stability and photochemical reactivity of these diastereomers allow for net directional motion by combining a thermal rotation about a C–N single bond and two light-induced configurational rearrangements that proceed predominantly by a rotational mechanism, as corroborated by computational studies. The composition of the dissipative state obtained upon continuous supply of light can be modified by changing the irradiation wavelength, and as a result the preferred rotation direction of the motor is inverted.
Viscosity and phase state of wildfire smoke particles in the stratosphere from pyrocumulonimbus events: an initial assessment
Authors: Zeng Mei Fei , Zuend Andreas , Gerrebos Nealan G. A. , Yu Pengfei , Schill Gregory P. , Murphy Daniel M. , Bertram Allan K.
Published: October 2024

Large wildfires periodically inject massive amounts of biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) into the stratosphere (~15 km ≤ altitude ≤ 50 km) via pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) events. These aerosols may remain aloft for many months and engage in multiphase chemistry that contributes to the destruction of stratospheric ozone. To predict this chemistry, it is essential to understand the viscosity and phase state of BBOA in the stratosphere. In this study, we use laboratory data and a thermodynamic model to evaluate these properties. Our findings indicate that unaged and aged wildfire smoke particles may be in a glassy state (viscosity 10^12 Pa s) for certain conditions in the stratosphere, particularly when the H2SO4-to-BBOA mass ratio in the aerosol particles is ≲ 0.33. Lidar observations of wildfire smoke in the stratosphere are consistent with these findings. In such a state, bulk reactions will be inhibited, and multiphase chemistry will be limited to the particle surfaces. The glassy state may also nucleate crystalline polar stratospheric clouds, potentially exacerbating stratospheric ozone depletion. Even after prolonged aging and a H2SO4-to-BBOA mass ratio of 1 (considered a likely upper limit for pyroCb smoke in the lower stratosphere with an aging time of ≲ 1 year), the viscosities may reach 10^6 to 10^11 Pa s for specific temperatures and relative humidities. These high viscosities should be considered when describing the stratospheric chemistry of wildfire smoke particles. We also identify critical areas where future research is needed to better constrain the viscosity and phase state of BBOA in the stratosphere; and thus, its impact on stratospheric ozone.
Benchtop 19F NMR Spectroscopy optimized Knorr pyrazole synthesis of Celecoxib and Mavacoxib, 3-(trifluoromethyl) pyrazolyl benzenesulfonamides Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Authors: Chyu Andrew , Xi Selina , Kim Joshua , Liu Galen , Chan Indalina , Hong Seoyeon , Ke Allen , Lavery Thomas , Marimuthu Anushree , Akula Arjun , Njoo Edward
Published: October 2024

Fluorinated organic compounds have demonstrated remarkable utility in medicinal chemistry due to their enhanced metabolic stability and potent therapeutic efficacy. Several examples exist of fluorinated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including diflunisal, flurbiprofen, and trifluoromethylated pyrazoles celecoxib and mavacoxib. These trifluoromethylated pyrazoles, which are most commonly constructed through cyclocondensation of a trifluorinated 1,3-dicarbonyl and an aryl hydrazine, are also found in numerous other drug candidates. Here, we interrogate the effects of solvent and the presence of Brønsted or Lewis acid catalysts on catalyzing this process. We highlight the utility of benchtop 19F NMR spectroscopy in enabling real-time quantification of reaction progress and identification of fluorinated species present in crude reaction mixtures without the need for cost-prohibitive deuterated solvents. Ultimately, we find that the reaction solvent has the greatest impact on rate and product yield, and also found that the relationship between keto-enol equilibrium of the dicarbonyl starting material pyrazole formation rate is highly solvent dependent. More broadly, we describe the optimization of the yield and kinetics of trifluoromethylpyrazole formation in the synthesis of celecoxib and mavacoxib, which is made possible through high-throughput reaction screening on benchtop NMR.
An exhaustive mapping of zeolite-template chemical space
Authors: Xie Mingrou , Schwalbe-Koda Daniel , Semanate-Esquivel Yolanda M. , Bello-Jurado Estafanía , Hoffman Alexander , Santiago-Reyes Omar , Paris Cecilia , Moliner Manuel , Gómez-Bombarelli Rafael
Published: October 2024

Zeolites are industrial catalysts and adsorbents whose synthesis usually employs specific molecules known as organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs). The OSDA’s templating effect is pivotal in determining the zeolite polymorph formed and its physicochemical properties. However, de novo design of selective OSDAs is challenging because of the diversity and size of the zeolite-OSDA chemical space. Here, a computational workflow powered by machine learning enables an exhaustive exploration of the OSDA space for known zeolites. Models were developed to predict molecule-zeolite binding energies and trained on hundreds of thousands of datapoints, the largest ever library of synthetically accessible, hypothetical OSDA-like molecules was enumerated from commercially available precursors, and nearly 500 million zeolite-molecule pairs were screened. From these, two new OSDAs were identified and validated experimentally to template zeolites with unique compositions. The nearly exhaustive scale of the OSDA library and open-access data are expected to accelerate OSDA design for the entire field.
The helix-turn-helix motif in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExsA monomer can recognize DNA and stabilize the putative ligand-binding domain
Authors: Greenhalgh Jack , Medarametla Prasanthi , Poso Antti , Welch Martin , Kronenberger Thales , Rahman Taufiq
Published: October 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen. One of the most potent virulence factors in its arsenal is the Type III Secretion System (T3SS). This secretion apparatus transports effector toxins directly into host cells, thereby causing cell damage or death. Expression of the T3SS is regulated by a master transcriptional regulator, ExsA. To date, no drugs targeting ExsA are available and only static structural models of the protein have been generated, focusing on the C-terminal regulatory domain (CTD). Here, we used µsec atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the conformational dynamics in the full-length ExsA (bound to DNA) and in the N-terminal DNA-binding domain (NTD). These data show how the CTD and NTD likely interact with one other. We also subjected the MD trajectories to binding pocket prediction and geometry analyses. This revealed a lipid-binding pocket in the β-sheet bundle and also identified two novel potential druggable pockets at the NTD/CTD interface, which could be used in future structure-based drug discovery campaigns. Overall, a single helix-turn-helix motif seems to drive ExsA monomer DNA recognition and stabilize the putative ligand-binding domain.
Transparent conductive PEDOT–graphene films from large- flake graphite
Authors: McDermott Sean , Ferland Brenden , Liu Jinzhou , Abeykoon Prabodha , Joyce Michael , Shuster Seth , Suib Steven , Adamson Douglas
Published: October 2024

The demand for affordable, flexible, transparent, and robust thin film electrodes in organic electronics has highlighted the limitations of indium tin oxide (ITO), which suffers from fragility and high costs. Poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), particularly when doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), has emerged as a promising alternative due to its mechanical flexibility, electrical conductivity, and environmental stability. However, PSS's insulating nature, hygroscopicity, and acidity present significant drawbacks. This study explores an alternative approach using large-flake graphene, exfoliated through a solvent interface trapping method (SITM), as a dopant for PEDOT. The resulting PEDOT-graphene films exhibit conductivities reaching 1070 S/cm, surpassing those of previously reported PEDOT-based films. The graphene sheets, acting as templates during vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) of PEDOT, enhance the film's conductivity by increasing electron pathways and crystalline regions within PEDOT. Characterization through SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and UV-Vis spectroscopy confirms the structural and electrical integrity of the films. Additionally, these films demonstrate potential applications in sensing technologies, particularly responsive to volatile organic compounds such as triethylamine. This work presents a scalable method for producing high-conductivity, transparent PEDOT- graphene films, offering a viable alternative to ITO in organic electronic applications.
Bayesian Illumination: Inference and Quality-Diversity Accelerate Generative Molecular Models
Authors: Verhellen Jonas
Published: October 2024

In recent years, there have been considerable academic and industrial research efforts to develop novel generative models for high-performing, small molecules. Traditional, rules-based algorithms such as genetic algorithms [Jensen, Chem. Sci., 2019, 12, 3567-3572] have, however, been shown to rival deep learning approaches in terms of both efficiency and potency. In previous work, we showed that the addition of a quality-diversity archive to a genetic algorithm resolves stagnation issues and substantially increases search efficiency [Verhellen, Chem. Sci., 2020, 42, 11485-11491]. In this work, we expand on these insights and leverage the availability of bespoke kernels for small molecules [Griffiths, Adv. Neural. Inf. Process. Syst., 2024, 36] to integrate Bayesian optimisation into the quality-diversity process. This novel generative model, which we call Bayesian Illumination, produces a larger diversity of high-performing molecules than standard quality-diversity optimisation methods. In addition, we show that Bayesian Illumination further improves search efficiency com- pared to previous generative models for small molecules, including deep learning approaches, genetic algorithms, and standard quality-diversity methods.
RELIGIOUS IDENTITY: RESEARCH BY DOMESTIC SCIENTISTS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Nassimov Murat , Nassimova Gulnar
Published: October 2024

The article provides an overview of research on religious identity conducted by the scholars from Kazakhstan. An analysis of various methodological approaches and the evolution of the study of religious identity in Kazakhstan was carried out. The findings were obtained through application of a qualitative analysis of 21 publications using the keyword “Religious identity” in two internationally recognized citation databases, i.e., “Scopus” and “Web of Science”. Through application of such research method, the authors attempted to answer the research questions relating to following issues; the aspects religious scholars from Kazakhstan pay attention to and scientific conclusions they reached when studying the problem of religious identity, the hierarchy of factors influencing the formation of religious identity, interaction of religious identity with other spheres of identity and forms of its manifestation. The analysis of publications allowed the authors to carry out some terminological differentiation and identify the main priority areas that would enable scholars from Kazakhstan to formulate future research tasks. Further, the article focuses specifically on the religious identity of women and provides the results of the analysis of educational, age, ethnic, and cultural factors forming and changing their religious identities. At the same time, the analysis of the selected publications made it possible to identify the gaps jeopardizing the advancement of the scholarship of religious identity in Kazakhstan.
POETICAL AND GNOSTIC FEATURES OF SEYID YAHYA’S PERSIAN WORKS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Memmedli Nezaket
Published: October 2024

The way that goes to Justice is elaborated in details in the creative work of Seyid Yahya Bakuvi, a great thinker of Azerbaijan, well-known as Piri-sani (the second great murshid (the one who shows the right way) of Khalvati tariqat. By his opinion the devotionals have found that path following the hadith “My relatives are like stars. You will find the right way if you follow any of them” and saints. Saints should bring a seed of tovhid in devotionals’ spirit up to perfection. Follower in his turn should fully entrust his/her passion and spirit to murshid and should obey his/her murshid like a dead person obeys the deceaseds-washer. In ‘Kashf ul-qulub’ Seyid Yahya reveals external and internal attributes of the stages of Mind, Heart, Spirit and Passion, classifies them into avam (ignoramous), khas and ekhasse-khass stages. He mentions that the prevalence of ‘Egle-khas’ stage is that it work for discovery and observation. Such mental observation helps to find way to secrets of Justice (God). Those who are on the stage of ‘Ekhasse-khas’ want to learn the science of Truth deeply and are the closest ones to Justice (God). Those who want to reach that stage should give up their material desires and willingly seek for discovery of Justice (God). According to Seyid Yahya it is impossible to reach Justice by mental imaginations and world sciences. The fire of love is needed on this path. Despite that Seyid Yahya uses poetic symbols and metaphors in his works he specifically reveals the main provisions of Khalvati tariqat. Laconism of his works, their clear stylistics shows that they were written for newly coming followers.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ISLAM IN THE SPIRITUAL EDUCATION OF KAZAKH YOUTH
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kabylbayeva Nurgul , Tadzhikova Klara
Published: October 2024

These practices, which make up the spirituality of a person as a whole, are one of the most important tools with which a person becomes a Kemalat traveler, who, on the one hand, can realize the reality underlying what seems visible and invisible to the naked eye. The purpose of the article is to study how the strengthening of factors weakening the influence of religion in personal and public life with modernism, the emphasis on relativism and individualization along with postmodernism led people to turn to spiritual searches outside traditional religious structures. The idea of the scientific article is to analyze the reasons that have led to a significant number of people turning to a formal religious point of view or beginning to seek ways to realize the spiritual potential of their nature when doctrinal concepts are promoted in the interpretation and teaching of religions.The scientific direction of the research article is the study, differentiation of the spiritual potential of a person, the phenomenon of spiritualism that arose as a result of attempts to realize this potential in non-religious channels. As a result of the research, the problem and the goal are indicated by considering the need for spirituality of people and society and the responsibility of religious education in this context. Scientific significance of the article – the concept of spirituality and secondary concepts such as the meaning and kinship in the content of this concept, as well as the concepts of spirituality of Kazakh youth, two important concepts that have found their place in modern literature. The practical significance lies in the proximity of religion and spirituality in terms of origin and development; exploring the place of spirituality in religious practice and religious morality, secularism of spirituality in literature are considered.
CULTURAL AND CREATIVE PARADIGMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN ISLAM
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Zholmukhan Tansholpan , Kairbekov Nurlan
Published: October 2024

The impact of culture-forming aspects of Islam on the formation of educational culture of the individual, on the one hand, becomes relevant in the light of the existing need for epistemological research of the general essence of the role of Islam in this sphere of cultural production. On the other hand, an important direction becomes the disclosure of the peculiarities of the socio-cultural context of Kazakhstan within the framework of this issue, which to a large extent remains insufficiently researched. The main goal of the study is to systematically assess the main paradigmatic structures of Islam in Kazakhstani society, which form the educational culture of the individual and determine its potential in the educational process. Within the framework of the sociological approach, semi-formalised interviews were conducted in order to identify common institutional factors affecting the educational and upbringing environment of Kazakhstan residents related to Islam. In order to analyse the value structure of the residents of Kazakhstan and its relationship with Islamic teachings, psychological testing was conducted using a portrait value questionnaire based on the Schwartz methodology. In the course of theoretical and empirical analysis, six main culture-forming paradigms were identified that directly influence the educational potential of Kazakhstan residents: the paradigm of moral values, the paradigm of research and search for new knowledge, the paradigm of tolerance and respect for differences, the paradigm of social responsibility, the paradigm of moderation, the paradigm of respect for elders (including teachers). The culture-forming paradigms identified in the course of the study demonstrate not only consistency with the religious aspects of Islam, but also have a significant impact on the formation of values, morality and cultural identity in modern Kazakhstan.
ISLAMIC MODELS AND MODERNISATION OF ISLAMIC MIND
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Yesdaulet Yergeldi , Abdelaziz Adam , Smagulov Murat
Published: October 2024

The aim of this article is to analyze the religious situation in Kazakhstan since gaining independence, including examining the role of Islam and its models in the world. It also provides for the search for modernization of the Islamic world and its characteristic model for our region. The Islamic world is located on a very large geographical territory, encompassing representatives of many nationalities and ethnic groups, each with its own language and culture. Therefore, the religious culture of each nation is completely different from each other. To study the diversity of the Islamic world, the authors turn to the views of the American Islamic scholar K. Ernest. After examining these models, we emphasize that any model needs modernization. The work examines the projects "Critique of the Arab mind" by M. Jabiri and "Critique of the Islamic mind" by M. Arkoun, presented on the topic of modernizing the Islamic world. Despite the fact that in the Islamic world there are many models and common points, Arkoun proposes modernization through these common points. M. Jabiri emphasizes the impossibility of modernization without studying the mind and consciousness. By extending his views on the epistemological gap, the authors explore the problem of reuniting Islam that emerged in the Kazakh steppe. This gap will be filled by a revival of the views and positions of Jadidism and Alash intelligentsia. The idea of ​​the possibility of restoration through the connection of modernity with the Muslim model, which Abay and Shakarim adhered too is summarized.
“STAND UP FOR THE FAITH, FOR CHRIST”: ORTHODOX CHRISTIANS OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE RENOVATIONIST SCHISM IN THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (1920-1940S)
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Alpyspaeva Galya , Aubakirova Hadisha
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the history of the struggle of the Orthodox in Kazakhstan for the objects of worship in the 1920-1940s during the period of renewal schism in the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). The methodological basis of the work is the civilizational approach, the principle of historicism, the authors use a complex of general scientific and special historical methods of research. As sources, the normative documents on state-church relations and the materials of the business of local authorities and management were used. Documents from the regional archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan are analyzed. The task of the study is to study and identify the regional features of the renewal movement in Kazakhstan in the first decades of Soviet power and the position of ordinary believers in the years of the split. The Orthodox confession was one of the numerous in the republic, occupying the second place after Islam.The schismatic movement in the Russian Orthodox Church reached the regions of Kazakhstan and manifested itself in the confrontation between the “tihonovists” and the “renewalists”. This struggle was most acute in the cities of Kazakhstan, where the church clergy switched to the side of the Renovationists. In the provinces and districts of the republic, the renewal did not find wide support among the Orthodox population. Most of the common people remained loyal to the ideas of Patriarch Tikhon. Archival sources testify to the political component of the schism and the formal support of the "renewalists" by local Soviet authorities in the 1920s. But in the 1930s, the anti-religious policy of the Soviet state led to the closure of religious sites, regardless of the communities’ affiliation with any particular direction of the Renovationist schism.
SHARIA MOTIVATION IN A SECULAR COUNTRY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Rashimbetov Rakhymzhan , Mazhiev Gilimbek
Published: October 2024

In this article, the authors try to study the features of the Islamic motives of the youth of Kazakhstan. According to the current religious situation, the people of Kazakhstan, as a Muslims, strive to adhere to Islam, on the other hand, as a citizen of Kazakhstan, must adhere to secular laws. In turn, this reflects the theoretical dilemma between secular law and Sharia law. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to identify and compare the level of Islamic motivation in each direction. Through this, test the hypothesis of the study. The study hypothesizes that "Islamic motivation is high in daily consumption, worship, and moral life, but religious motives for applying sharia punishments and becoming a religious state are low and have a weak relationship". To achieve the objectives of the study, the authors applied a quantitative method and surveyed 1,175 respondents among first and second-year students of Eurasian National University in Astana. Pearson's r-value correlation and descriptive analysis were used for data analysis. In the study, the authors noted that Sharia creates a high motivation for a moral and ethical lifestyle and halal food. At the same time, the authors found a low level of influence of Sharia on the practice of worship (salah) and Sharia law. The results showed a higher level for Kazakhstan to become a Sharia-compliant country than "Sharia as a punishment law". This study can complement the scope of knowledge about Islam in Kazakhstan and Central Asia on topics such as stimulating factors and religiosity in a secular country in general, as well as relations between the state and religion.
ARRIVAL OF ISLAM IN THE SOUTH OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Omirbay Abzal , Amangeldyiev Assan
Published: October 2024

The transformation of old beliefs of Turkic people who lived in the southern regions of Kazakhstan after the arrival of Islam and the innovations that new religion brought to Turkic people will be studied in the article. In particular, in the period from the VIIIth century to the XIIIth century, the policy of the caliphates in the process of spreading Islam to the South of Kazakhstan and the problems that led to its acceptance by local nomadic people for a long time will be considered. Based on the information given on the basis of works of foreign and domestic researchers, the spread of Islamic religion in the southern regions of Kazakhstan - introduction of Islam: the period of hostility and interaction (VIII-IX centuries), the establishment of Muslim power: the spread of Islam among cities and nomads (IX-XI centuries), missionary activities of Sufi sects and widespread spread of Islam among nomads (XI-XIII centuries) are divided into three periods. In the course of the research, the differences and characteristics of religious acceptance of settled people and nomadic people will be studied and the achievements of new religion will be studied. The past and present situation of saint phenomenon among values that arrived with Islamic culture will be differentiated, and etymological meaning of concept of saint in the Holy Qur’an will be differentiated based on the translations published in the Kazakh language.
How are conflicts covered in social media? The case study of Kazakhstan’s telegram channels «ORDA» and «Kazinform»
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Mussa Nazerke , Myssayeva Karlyga
Published: October 2024

The study examined the role of Telegram channels as an independent tool in disseminating infor- mation and covering conflicting topics. An analysis of the content of certain Telegram channels ac- complished, in particular, independently and in the state. The scientific work is aimed at identifying the features of the content in the selected channels, the position that correspondents adhere to, language features and style. The main idea of the article is to studying how the messenger covers conflict situations. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of information about conflicts on the Kazakh Telegram channels of the independent “ORDA” and the state-owned “Kazinform”. With the increasing demand for social networks, this research becomes relevant and important to identify how much information on these channels affects public opinion and informs the audience. Tele- gram has become available in Kazakhstan since its first launch in 2017 and has gained trust among users. In order to analyze the coverage of conflicts on the social network using the example of these Tele- gram channels, a qualitative method was used. Thematic analysis used to identify repetitive formats, frames, and language features. The findings of the study concern the characteristics of Telegram channels as an independent media tool and their role in conflict coverage. The results of the work distinguish the methods of covering and writing about conflicting topics. Analyzing content it was found that independent channels broadcast diverse points of view, while state- owned channels often avoided conflict-related topics and covered events from a positive perspective. The study offers valuable information on approaches to writing and reporting on controversial top- ics, thereby providing practical value for the academic community and practicing journalists. The results of the study are of practical importance for interested groups of people, in particular, for journalists, media experts, political scientists and social activists.
Changes in the Reading Culture of Young People and Features of Kazakh Language Usage in the New Communication Environment
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Yessenbekova Ulbossyn , Syzdykova Aida
Published: October 2024

The article examines changes in the reading culture of young people and the features of using the Kazakh language in the modern communication environment. The study analyzes changes in young people’s reading habits resulting from technological innovation and their preference for digital content over traditional media such as print, television and radio. In the context of a constantly changing media environment and the influence of new trends on the lexical richness of the language, the article provides a comprehensive analysis of the features of the use of the Kazakh language by young people. It reveals how social networks, digital platforms and mobile applications have transformed the way young people read and interact with information. The study also considers the attitude of the younger generation, who are adapting to new communication technolo- gies, towards the preservation of linguistic heritage, as well as the role of the Kazakh language in digital media. Based on a specially conducted social study, the authors identified the main trends related to the Based on a specially conducted social study, the authors identified the main trends related to the themes and content of books preferred by young people, and their connection with the technological era. The study’s key findings showed that the degree of use of the Kazakh language in the new media environment depends on the rapidly changing media landscape and the interaction of the language with digital media in Kazakhstan. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the influence of processes in the global information space on the culture of reading and language use among Kazakh youth. Key findings indicate a significant shift among young people towards digital reading and highlight the need for strategies that support the integration of the Kazakh language into modern communication platforms. The final conclusions of the study state that, under the influence of technological advancements, the reading culture of young people has declined, and the proportion of young people reading books in Kazakh is smaller compared to those preferring to read in Russian. The authors also developed recom- mendations to address the lack of scientific literature in the Kazakh language.
A BANDA DE MÚSICA: PRATICAS PEDAGÓGICAS E AVALIAÇÃO
Authors: Ipolito Luiz Francisco de Paula , Palhares Taís Helena
Published: October 2024

O presente texto apresenta algumas questões envoltas no ensino e avaliação no âmbito das bandas de musica, A historia e influencia desses grupos são trazidas pelo menos desde que a corte real portuguesa desembarcou no Brasil. O pensamento tradicional metodológico ainda vigora em boa parte do pais, porem vem ganhando bastante espaço processos e praticas de ensino coletiva e que tenha um olhar mais humano e social, no entanto suas formas de avaliar o desenvolvimento dos alunos ainda são tradicionais e conservatorial. Deste modo ainda há um caminho longo a percorrer, porém o movimento educacional dentro das bandas de música está proporcionando uma mudança na visão das praticas pedagógicas
Effect of Legislative Budgetary Control on Financial Accountability in Nairobi County Kenya
Authors: Adisa Melvyne , Maingi Muli , Lyani Mary Nelima
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study assesses the impact of legislative budgetary control functions in Nairobi County on financial accountability. This accountability in public organisations is essential in safeguarding resources, promoting transparency, and enhancing the public's confidence in such public institutions.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A descriptive survey research method was employed, with respondents being 201 senior officials of the Nairobi County government chosen based on the Krejcie and Morgan sample size estimation formula. Data was obtained through structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in the SPSS statistical software package (Version 24).
Findings: The results suggest that legislative budgetary control function has a critical effect on financial accountability (β = 0.077; p < 0.05). The findings emphasize the necessity of the legislative work for the analysis of the county’s proper resource spending and for enhancement of financial transparency.
Implications/Originality/Value: The research findings show that legislative efforts optimize budgetary control to enhance financial accountability in Nairobi County. It serves as a resource on how legislative oversight affects the management of public spending.
Mediastinal T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: A Rare Case in a Limited Resources Setting
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Kusumastuti Etty Hary , Ridholia Ridholia , Hasan Hasan
Published: October 2024

Background: Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (LBL) is a rare neoplasm which represents 1-2% of all Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (NHLs).Objectives: To present challenges in diagnostic of a rare case in limited resources settingCase Presentation: A 36-year-old male came to Dr. Soetomo hospital with shortness of breath, facial edema and chest pain. Physical examination revealed a decreased breath sound and dull percussion in the right chest. CT scan showed solid mass 10.4 x 5.9 x 14.6 cm in the anterior - medius of mediastinum. Fine needle aspiration biopsy guided by CT scan showed the spread of lymphoid cells, big in size, anaplastic, rounded and hyperchromatic nuclei. Core biopsy showed diffuse and monotonous pattern of pleomorphic cells, round to oval and hyperchromatic nuclei. Immunostaining were positive for CD3 and Tdt, high Ki67 proliferation index 98%, and negative for CD20.Conclusion: T-LBL is a rare neoplasm, that generally occurs in adolescents and young adults, and is most common in males. It is an aggressive neoplasm, which can involve mediastinal mass and cause superior vena cava syndrome. Immunostaining would be positive for Tdt, and variably express CD1a, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, and CD8. The prognosis was poor due to the aggressiveness and the relapse.