bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report on Acute Cerebrovascular Episode With Pseudobulbar Palsy.
Authors: Warghane Utkarsh manoj , Sharma Ranjana , Pohekar Savita , Warghane Ashish Janraoji
Published: June 2023

nervous system (PNS), or both are referred to as cerebrovascular disorders. In India, there are 145 cases of cerebrovascular disorders for every 100,000 individuals. There are two different forms of stroke. There are two types of strokes: ischemic and haemorrhagic. There are some parallels between the two different forms of stroke. Etiology, pathophysiology, and medical management differ from nursing management in these areas. A clinical condition known as an ischemic stroke, often referred to as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or a cerebrovascular event, occurs when there is a sudden loss of function caused by an interruption in the blood flow to any area of the brain. Additionally, a cerebrovascular accident damages the central nervous system and results in bulbar palsy, which is characterized by the inversion of muscular motion caused by cranial nerves in the lower part of the brain stem
Case presentation: A 64-year-old man who was receiving ayurvedic treatment complained of facial dropping, left-side weakness, speech difficulty, and breathing difficulties. According to his medical history, the patient appeared healthy before the incident occurred and had a history of sane events one month prior. There is no prior history of loss of consciousness or seizure episodes at home. An early investigation was done, including a CT scan of the brain, which revealed acute infract on the left and right corona radiata as well as age-related atrophic changes and small vessel disease. Sepsis with a cerebrovascular episode and pseudobulbar palsy was the final diagnoses.
Conclusion: A type of ischemic stroke that affects the central nervous system is a cerebral vascular accident. Having an incidence rate of 145 patients in 100,000 patients. And men are more likely to get pregnant than women (2.39% vs. 1.22%) Urban communities reported slightly more strokes than rural areas did. (2.01% vs. 1.57%). (6) However, early detection and treatment are lowering the death rate and lowering the chance of developing diseases.
Impact of on-site pharmacists in residential aged care facilities on the quality of medicines use: a cluster randomised controlled trial (PiRACF study)
Authors: Haider Ibrahim , Kosari Sam , Naunton Mark , Niynosenga Theo , Koerner Jane , Peterson Gregory , Davey Rachel
Published: June 2023

Residents of residential aged care facilities (RACFs) have a high prevalence of use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and resultant medicines-related harm. This study investigated the effect of an on-site pharmacist model on PIMs use and other medication outcomes for residents in RACFs. A multi-facility, non-blind, cluster randomised controlled trial, with randomisation at the facility level, was conducted. Fifteen facilities enrolled and participated in the study, 7 facilities (560 residents) were allocated to the intervention arm and 8 facilities (737 residents) were allocated to the control arm. Each facility in the intervention arm employed an on-site pharmacist for 12 months to perform medication management activities as part of an interdisciplinary care team. The primary outcome was the proportion of residents taking at least one PIM according to the 2019 Beers® Criteria. Using generalised linear mixed-effects models, accounting for confounders and clustering, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of residents prescribed at least one PIM (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval, 0.335–0.750; p = 0.001) in the intervention arm. There were also significant decreases in the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale and chlorpromazine equivalent daily dose of antipsychotics. The on-site pharmacist intervention significantly improved the appropriateness of medicines use in RACFs.
A proposed new Precambrian skarn deposits in the Arabian shield
Authors: Aboezz Eid , Selim El Sayed , Aboelkhair Hatem , Sehsah Haytham
Published: June 2023

The volcanosedimentary arc-related skarn deposits are the predominant types in the Arabian Shield (AS). However, the post-amalgamation extraordinary marine basins with carbonate successions exist in the AS, intruded by different types of granite plutons, and dissected by major shear zones. Therefore, all the recipes for skarn deposits are mature at the contact between the carbonate succession in the marine molasse basins and granite plutons. Magnetic data and ASTER data were integrated with the geochemical database to locate the preliminary areas for further exploration in the Murdama basin. The Murdama basin (72,000 km2), which is the locality for the Murdama limestone, has a higher magnetic anomaly at the contact with post-Murdama granite batholiths, but the magnetic anomaly becomes significant at the contact with the Idah granitic suite. The shallow-seated structural magnetic lineaments within the Murdama basin and at the eastern boundary of the basin are controlled by the Najd fault system (NFS). The calc-silicate mineral alteration zones were evolved at the contact between the Murdama group and the Idah suite, with no extent for the alteration zones along the fracture network or at the contact with the Abanat suite. Meanwhile, the Idah suites are the causative plutons for the Qitan and An Nimriyah South reduced skarns that were recorded from the Murdama basin. The preliminary results from this study based on the integration of different datasets suggest the existence of reduced skarn deposits at the contact between the Murdama basin and Idah causative plutons
Pro-Social Preferences Improve Climate Risk Management in Subsistence Farming Communities
Authors: Choquette-Levy Nicolas , Wildemeersch Matthias , Santos Fernando , Levin Simon , Oppenheimer Michael , Weber Elke
Published: June 2023

Several governments have tested formal index-based insurance to build climate resilience among smallholder farmers. Yet, adoption of such programs has generated concerns that insurance may crowd out long-established informal risk transfer arrangements. Understanding this phenomenon requires new analytic approaches that capture dynamics of human social behaviour when facing risky events. Here, we develop a modelling framework, based on evolutionary game theory and empirical data from Nepal and Ethiopia, to demonstrate that insurance may introduce a new social dilemma in farmer risk management strategies. We find that while socially optimal risk management is achieved when all farmers pursue a combination of formal and informal risk transfer, a community of self-interested agents is unable to maintain this coexistence at moderate to high covariate risks. We find that a combination of pro-social preferences - namely, moderate altruism and solidarity - helps farmers overcome these concerns and achieve the social optimum. Behavioural interventions that cue such preferences can render financial incentives more efficient in promoting optimal climate risk management, with potential savings worth approximately 5-15 percent of community agricultural income under a range of risk levels.
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of SWMM model in an Airport Airfield Area
Authors: Peng Jing , Zhao Hucheng , Jie Ouyang , Yu Lei , Zhong Xiang
Published: June 2023

Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and Geographic Information System (GIS) can provide prediction and management for airport flood problems. Efficient and accurate acquisition of sensitive parameters is the key to real-time model calibration. Due to the influence of special land types, functional zoning and use requirements of airports, there are many problems in parameter sensitivity analysis, such as large sampling parameters, large amount of calculation, and nonlinear correlation between input and output variables. In this paper, the SWMM model of airport airfield area is built, combining GIS and Python programming technology and using Latin Hypercube sampling, a correlation analysis method is proposed to study whether the input parameters have nonlinear correlation with the output results and its strength, and compared with the improved Morris screening method. The results show that, the sensitivity of parameters is more balanced for the total inflow, there is no very sensitive parameter, and the nonlinear correlation between the parameters and the total inflow is weak. Manning-N is sensitive to average depth, hour of maximum flooding, and time to peak, which indicates that there is a strong nonlinear correlation between them and Manning-N. From the improved Morris screening analysis, it can be seen that there are no highly sensitive parameters for peak flow, and the sensitive parameters are Zero-Imperv and Manning-N. Highly sensitive parameters for time to peak are Manning-N, N-perv, S-Imperv, and N-Imperv. This paper quantitatively analyzes the influence of input parameters of the storm water management model on the output results, effectively identify the important parameters that affecting the output results, and analyze the nonlinear correlation between the input parameters and the output results. The results can greatly improve the accuracy of airport flood model, and provide theoretical guidance for the application and parameter calibration of SWMM in airport.
Expression and gene regulatory network of S100A16 protein in cervical cancer cells based on data mining
Authors: Zhang Haibin , Xing Wenhu , Zhang Shan , Yang Yongxiu , Li Yufeng
Published: June 2023

S100A16 protein belongs to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, which is widely distributed in human tissues and highly conserved. S100 calcium-binding proteins possess broad biological functions, such as cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor metastasis, and inflammation (1). Studies have shown an integral role of S100 calcium-binding proteins in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of certain diseases (2). Abnormal expression of S100A16 protein is implicated in the progression of breast and prostate cancer, but an inhibitor of oral cancer and acute lymphoblastic leukemia tumor cell proliferation (3). Referencing the mRNA expression and SNP data of cervical cancer available through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we analyzed S100A16 and its associated regulatory gene expression network in cervical cancer. We further screened genes co-expressed with S100A16 to hypothesize their function and relationship to the S100A16 cervical cancer phenotype. Our results showed that data mining can effectively elucidate the expression and gene regulatory network of S100A16 in cervical cancer, laying the foundation for further investigations into S100A16 cervical tumorigenesis.
A case of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma diagnosed with sustained high level of procalcitonin in a critically ill patient. The importance of clinical suspicion
Authors: Cengiz Burak Can , Musa Civak , Ates İhsan
Published: June 2023

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a thyroid cancer that originates from the parafollicular C cells and accounts less than five percent of all thyroid cancer cases (1). It can be sporadic or part of a familial syndrome (2). Diagnosis in the routine clinical practice is difficult since the detection rate is low with fine needle aspiration and the ultrasonographic features are not reliable (3). Although serum calcitonin is the most accurate marker for the diagnosis there is no specific cut off for excluding MTC with certainty and different potential cutoff values have been reported in literature (4). There are also few cases of MTC without calcitonin elevation in the literature (5). Serum calcitonin levels can vary during the day because of its pulsatile secretion (6). Calcitonin also can be in different immunoreactive isoforms leading different results with different assays. Moreover, calcitonin is an unstable peptide and is rapidly degraded by protease enzymes in the room temperature. Even it is refrigerated 23% decays in the first twelve hours that can lead a false test result (7).
Syk-dependent alternative homologous recombination activation promotes cancer resistance to DNA targeted therapy
Authors: Zhou Qin , Tu Xinyi , Hou Xiaonan , Yu Jia , Zhao Fei , Huang Jinzhou , Kloeber Jake , Olson Anna , Gao Ming , Luo Kuntian , Zhu Shouhai , Wu Zheming , Zhang Yong , Sun Chenyu , Zeng Xiangyu , Schoolmeester Kenneth , Weroha John , Wang Liewei , Mutter Robert , Lou Zhenkun
Published: June 2023

Enhanced DNA repair is an important mechanism of inherent and acquired resistance to DNA targeted therapies, including poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibition. Spleen associated tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase known to regulate immune cell function, cell adhesion, and vascular development. Here, we report that Syk can be expressed in high grade serous ovarian cancer and triple negative breast cancers and promotes DNA double strand break resection, homologous recombination (HR) and therapeutic resistance. We found that Syk is activated by ATM following DNA damage and is recruited to DNA double strand breaks by NBS1. Once at the break site, Syk phosphorylates CtIP, a key mediator of resection and HR, at Thr-847 to promote repair activity, specifically in Syk expressing cancer cells. Syk inhibition or genetic deletion abolished CtIP Thr-847 phosphorylation and overcame the resistant phenotype. Collectively, our findings suggest that Syk drives therapeutic resistance by promoting DNA resection and HR through a novel ATM-Syk-CtIP pathway, and that Syk is a new tumor-specific target to sensitize Syk-expressing tumors to PARPi and other DNA targeted therapy.
Olive oil consumption is associated with lower cancer mortality among Italian adults: prospective results from the Moli-sani Study and analysis of potential biological mechanisms
Authors: Ruggiero Emilia , Castelnuovo Augusto Di , Costanzo Simona , Esposito Simona , de Curtis Amalia , Persichillo Mariarosaria , Cerletti Chiara , Donati Maria Benedetta , de Gaetano Giovanni , Bonaccio Marialaura , Iacoviello Licia
Published: June 2023

Background: Olive oil is a key component of a traditional Mediterranean Diet and its with cancer mortality is less robust, and it remains unclear whether the health advantages of olive oil may be accounted for by specific biological mechanisms.
We therefore sought to investigate the relationship between olive oil consumption with cancer mortality in an Italian general population, and to examine specific biological pathways common to major chronic diseases as possibly underlying these associations.
Methods: Longitudinal analysis on 22,895 men and women (mean age 55.4±11.7y) from the Moli-sani Study (enrolment, 2005-2010) followed up for 12.2 years. Olive oil consumption was standardized to a 10 g tablespoon (tbsp) size.
Results: Compared with individuals who rarely consumed olive oil (≤1.5 tbsp/d), participants who had the highest consumption (>3 tbsp/d) reported 28% lower rate in cancer death (HR= 0.72; 95% CI: 0.54-0.94), and a linear dose-response relationship was also observed (p value for association=0.030; p for non-linearity =0.47). Among known risk factors analysed, lower levels of blood pressure and resting heart rate associated with consumption of olive oil accounted for 14.5% and 8.1% of its inverse relationship with all-cause and cancer mortality, respectively; all biomarkers here analysed explained 28.0% and 12.3% of such relationships.
Conclusions: Higher olive oil consumption was associated with higher survival that was largely driven by a reduction in cancer mortality, independent of overall diet quality. Known risk factors for major chronic diseases mediate only in part such associations suggesting that other biological pathways are potentially involved in this relationship.
Extracellular matrix flow guides emergent in-vitro morphogenesis
Authors: Fattah Abdel Rahman Abdel , Sgualidino Francesca , Poovathingal Suresh , Davie Kristofer , Baatsen Pieter , Vints Katlijn , Gounko Natalia , Superti-Furga Giulio , Mattolini Lorenzo , Roussigne Myriam , Benazeraf Bertrand , Ranga Adrian
Published: June 2023

Morphogenesis of vertebrate embryos requires extracellular matrix (ECM) in multiple developmental contexts1. Symmetry-breaking events in initially homogenous tissues trigger collective cellular dynamics which follow fluid-like behaviors, and the ECM, which is in constant engagement with morphing tissues, also undergoes fluid-like motion2–4. Cell and ECM deformations require coordination, however the interplay between them at cellular and tissue-scale remains largely unexplored. Here, we reveal a novel mechanism coupling morphogenetic events and epithelia-driven ECM flow. We show that exposure to ECM components triggers periodic morphogenesis of dome-shaped structures in human pluripotent stem cell monolayers, driven by directional ECM flow towards the sites of morphogenesis. We show that this flow is initiated by local symmetry-breaking events, is driven by microvilli and requires unperturbed flow conditions and cytoskeletal contractility. A theoretical model shows that a reaction-diffusion-like mechanism is responsible for organizing local morphogenesis into global tissue-wide events. The cell patterning landscape predicted by the model is experimentally recapitulated during mesoderm differentiation. These results uncover a new role for the ECM: in addition to being a site of cell adhesion, structural support and mechanical force generation5, as is currently established, we show that directional transport of ECM, termed ECM flow, is a major contributor in sustaining epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation.
Salt tolerance of two different varieties of tobacco under NaCl stress
Authors: Wang yuelin , Zhou Hanjun , Xu Liang , Ye Xiefeng
Published: June 2023

Background
In the context of increasing global soil salinization, reducing the damage caused by soil salinity and improving the salt tolerance of crops has become an urgent issue in modern agriculture. However, few studies have reported on the different salt tolerance performances of different varieties of tobacco crops under salinity stress due to the gradual evolution of geographical separation.
Results
The aim of this study was to investigate the different performances of Basma (Spice tobacco) and K326(Flue-cured tobacco) under NaCl stress in order to find a more effective method to improve salt tolerance in tobacco. In this study, Basma and K326 were treated with a 150 mM NaCl solution, and a blank control treatment was included. Physiological indicators such as root length growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, ion concentration, hormone content, and related gene expression were measured. In the plate medium, the root length growth of K326 under NaCl stress treatment was only 60% of that of Basma, which had higher salt tolerance. The reasons for this difference mainly concentrated on three aspects. Firstly, in Basma, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species caused by salt stress is scavenged by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the damage to the plasma membrane is decreased. Secondly, the ion toxicity caused by salt stress is relieved by increasing the expression of the SOS1 gene in the roots, which can balance the intracellular osmotic pressure and maintain ion balance. Lastly, the expression of PIN4, a key gene in growth hormone transport, is upregulated to obtain antigravity transport of growth hormone and increase IAA content in roots, promoting root growth.
Conclusion
In this study, it was found that oriental tobacco Basma demonstrated greater resistance to salt stress compared to flue-cured tobacco K326. This was primarily observed in the root growth and activity, as well as in significant differences in physiological indexes such as active oxygen accumulation, ion distribution regionalization, and hormone content distribution. The experimental results suggest that Basma achieves strong salt tolerance through three main mechanisms: increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes to eliminate ROS accumulation, expressing SOS1 to adapt to ion regionalization under salt stress, regulating sodium-potassium ratio, and increasing the expression of IAA polar transporter gene PIN4 to maintain a balance of IAA content.
Deubiquitinase USP7 stabilizes KDM5B and promotes tumor progression and cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the ZBTB16/TOP2A axis
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Jie , Wang Yijun , Liu Xixi , Yang Xiao , Liao Zhiyun , Deng Suke , Deng Yue , Zhou Zhiyuan , Tian Yu , Wei Wenwen , Meng Jingshu , Hu Yan , Wan Chao , Zhang Zhanjie , Huang Fang , Wen Lu , Wu Bian , Li Yan , Yang Kunyu , Sun Yajie
Published: June 2023

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy improves the control of distant metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, around 30% of patients fail treatment due to acquired drug resistance. Epigenetic regulation is known to contribute to cisplatin resistance; nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that lysine-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B) is overexpressed and correlates with tumor progression and cisplatin resistance in patients with NPC. We also showed that specific inhibition of KDM5B impairs the progression of NPC and reverses cisplatin resistance, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that KDM5B inhibits the expression of ZBTB16 by directly reducing H3K4me3 at the ZBTB16 promoter, which subsequently increases the expression of Topoisomerase II- α (TOP2A) to confer cisplatin resistance in NPC. In addition, we showed that the deubiquitinase USP7 is critical for deubiquitinating and stabilizing KDM5B. More importantly, the deletion of USP7 increases sensitivity to cisplatin by disrupting the stability of KDM5B in NPC cells. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that USP7 stabilizes KDM5B and promotes cisplatin resistance through the ZBTB16/TOP2A axis, suggesting that targeting KDM5B may be a promising cisplatin-sensitization strategy in the treatment of NPC.
Using Tree-Based Models to Identify Factors Contributing to Trait Negative Affect in Adults With and Without Major Depression
Authors: Canizares Catalina , Gomez Yvonne , Ferro Eugenio , Torres Carlos Arturo , Agudelo Diana Maria , Odom Gabriel
Published: June 2023

Background
Individuals with high levels of negative affect (NA) are at an increased risk of experiencing distress and negative self-views. Theoretical models suggest that NA plays a critical role in psychopathology, particularly in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and is linked to cognitive-perceptual and affective regulation issues.
Objective
Determine whether maladaptive cognitive schemas, attributional style, childhood adversity, and lifestyle factors (including alcohol and drug use and physical activity) could effectively predict negative affect (NA) in adults.
Methods
A secondary data analysis was performed on a sample of 342 depressed and non-depressed adults. Beta regression and regression tree analyses were conducted to identify the principal risk factors and their interactions. The regression tree model was trained with 5-fold cross-validation on 75% of the sample, with 25% of observations held for testing.
Results
The findings revealed that the cognitive schemas of disconnection and rejection and impaired autonomy had a significant impact on the likelihood of higher scores on the State Depression Inventory (IDER) test (p < 0.001), as indicated by both beta regression and regression tree analyses. Additionally, childhood adversity emerged as a crucial factor in determining high levels of NA. The regression tree model achieved strong performance metrics, including an R-squared value of 0.77.
Conclusions
This study represents a significant step forward in the understanding of NA, as it considers a broad range of individual factors, such as cognitive schemas, lifestyle, and demographics, to predict its impact on NA, with potential implications for prevention programs aimed at reducing NA.
A Novel ALK Gene Mutation and Its Response to Second-Generation TKIs: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Cheng Xiaqin , Liu Jia , Hu Qiongxia , Gao Yingchun , Zhou Lin
Published: June 2023

Background
Adenocarcinoma with positive echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 gene and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) gene fusion accounts for 3–7% of lung cancer cases and can be targeted with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Second-generation TKIs are the standard of care for targeted populations, especially those with central nervous system (CNS) metastasis. However, most patients eventually experience disease progression because of drug resistance caused by multiple mechanisms, predominantly secondary mutations.
Case description
: We present a female advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) case with positive EML4-ALK gene fusion, in which disease progression occurred in only 3 months after first-line treatment with alectinib. Two secondary mutations were detected by next-generation sequencing; one was V1180l located in exon 23, and the other was E803Q located in exon 14, which was a novel mutation that had never been reported. Ensartinib and ceritinib were administered as second-line and third-line treatments. However, the response to these TKIs was poor, and her overall survival was only 7 months.
Conclusion
The secondary mutation E803Q located in exon 14 seems resistant to most second-generation ALK-TKIs. If there is an opportunity, the efficacy of the third-generation ALK-TKI loratinib should be tested.
Contribution of an Asian-prevalent HLA haplotype to the risk of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kawamura Atsushi , Matsuda Koichi , Murakami Yoshinori , Saruta Masayuki , Kohno Takashi , Shiraishi Kouya
Published: June 2023

Liver cancer, especially HBV (Hepatitis B Virus)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is more common in Asian than Caucasian. Regional difference in prevalence of exogenous factors, such as HBV, partially accounts for the fact, however, endogenous factors specific to Asian might also be responsible. HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) genes are considered as a candidate due to their high racial diversity. To address this issue, we performed a pan-cancer association study of 147 alleles of HLA class I/II genes (HLA-A, B, and C/DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, and DPB1) between 31,727 cases of 12 cancer types, including 1,684 liver cancer cases, and 107,103 controls. HLA alleles consisting a haplotype prevalent in Asian were significantly associated with pan-cancer risk (e.g. odds ratio [OR] for a DRB1*15:02 allele=1.12, p=2.7 x 10-15) and the associations were evidently strong in HBV-related HCC (OR=1.95, p=2.8 x 10-5). In silico prediction suggested that DRB1*15:02 molecule encoded by the haplotype does not efficiently bind HBV-derived peptides. RNA sequencing indicated that HBV-related HCC of the haplotype carriers have low infiltrations of NK cells. These results indicate that Asian-prevalent the HLA haplotype confers HBV-related liver cancer risk by attenuating immune activity against HBV infection and by decreasing NK cell infiltration.
Reliability Analysis of Subsea Control System Using FMEA and FFTA
Authors: Xiao Wen-sheng , Liu Chao , Li Guang-xin , Liu Jian
Published: June 2023

Reliability technology has significant importance to ensure the safe operation of the system. To address the problems of complex system structure and lack of reliability data, a combination of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Fuzzy Fault Tree Approach (FFTA) is introduced. Firstly, the FMEA method is used to complete the qualitative analysis of the system reliability from the perspective of multi-factor failure modes, analyze the potential failure modes and failure causes of the system. And the risk matrix diagram is used to determine the degree of harm of different failure modes to the system function. Then, the system reliability is quantitatively analyzed by FFTA, and a fault tree model is established by dividing the system into "system-subsystem-component" and solving for the minimum cut set. In addition, by introducing fuzzy set theory to blur the failure probability of each bottom event and introducing triangular fuzzy function to quantitatively calculate the failure probability of the top event and the probabilistic importance of the bottom event, the weak points of each subsystem are identified. Finally, a qualitative and quantitative reliability analysis is conducted by using FMEA-FFTA method for subsea control system. Measures should be taken to focus on preventive protection and regular testing for the high risk, medium-high risk and medium risk modes of the subsea control system.
Genetic evidence causally linking gastroesophageal reflux disease to cholecystitis：A two- sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Jia , Fang Ming , Fei Bojian
Published: June 2023

Background and aims: Overlapping symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and cholecystitis include belching, acid reflux, and heartburn. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between these two conditions remains uncertain. The study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between GERD and cholecystitis via the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.Methods A two-sample MR analysis utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger methods was conducted to assess the causal effects of GERD on the risk of cholecystitis. The genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for GERD (n = 602604) and cholecystitis (n = 361194) were obtained from the MR-base platform. The pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed using various techniques.Results A total of 77 single nucleotide polymorphisms from GWASs with GERD were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). The primary IVW method demonstrated a significant association between GERD and an elevated risk of cholecystitis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.004; 95% CI 1.003–1.005, p = 2.68×10− 9]. The absence of heterogeneity and pleiotropy in the data suggested that the results were dependable.Conclusion Our study demonstrated a positive correlation between GERD and the likelihood of developing cholecystitis. These findings may serve as a fundamental basis for comprehending the intricate interplay between GERD and cholecystitis. However, additional investigations are warranted to elucidate the precise underlying mechanisms of this plausible causal relationship.
Identification of potential therapeutic targets from bioinformatic analysis of necroptosis and immune infiltration in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Ma Likang , Chen Keyuan , Li Jiakang , Zhang Zhaofeng , Zarif Mohammad , Chai Tianci , Wu Qingsong , Chen Liangwan , Qiu Zhihuang
Published: June 2023

Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious, deadly disease with a high incidence. However, it remains unclear how necroptosis affects the pathophysiology of AMI. Using bioinformatic analyses, this study investigated necroptosis in AMI.
Methods
Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we obtained the GSE66360 dataset related to AMI. Venn diagrams were used to identify necroptosis-related differential genes (NRDEGs). The genes with differential expression in AMI were analyzed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. A transcription factor prediction and enrichment analysis was conducted for the NRDEGs, and the relationships between AMI, NRDEGs, and immune cells were determined. Finally, in the additional dataset (GSE61145), NRDEG expression levels and immune infiltration were confirmed, and gene expression levels were further verified experimentally.
Results
GSEA revealed that necroptosis pathways were significantly enriched in AMI. We identified 10 NRDEGs, including TNF, TLR4, FTH1 and so on. Enrichment analysis indicated that the NOD-like receptor and TNF signaling pathways were significantly enriched. Four NRDEGs, FTH1, IFNGR1, STAT3, and TLR4, were identified; however, additional datasets and further experimental validation are required to confirm their roles. In addition, we determined that a high abundance of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, induced Tregs, and Th2 cells prompted AMI development.
Conclusions
In this study, four genes with potential to affect the development of AMI through necroptosis (FTH1, IFNGR1, STAT3, and TLR4) were identified. In addition, we found that a high abundance of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and Th2 cells affected AMI. This helps determine the pathological mechanism of necroptosis and immune cells that influence AMI and provides a novel strategy for targeted therapy.
Unveiling the Link: Examining the Relationship between Nonverbal Communication and Affectivity in Relation to Gender, Age, and Education
Authors: Abbas Mariyam , Fatima Mahvish
Published: June 2023

The current study examined the relationship between nonverbal communication and affectivity in relation to gender, age, and educational level. A sample of 200 participants, including 129 males and 71 females with a mean age of 34.93, was gathered with their consent. The sample was divided into different age groups, including 18–21 years, 22–25 years, 26–29 years, and 30 years and above. The educational levels of the participants varied, with 115 holding post-graduate degrees or higher, 16 being semi-literate, and 69 being undergraduates. The Nonverbal Communication and Affectivity (NCVA) scale developed by Abbas & Khan (2022) was used to collect data. Results indicated a significant positive correlation between nonverbal communication and affectivity. Furthermore, males reported higher levels of nonverbal communication and affectivity than females. Additionally, significant differences in nonverbal communication means were found between the 18–25 years and 26–29 years age groups, and between the 22–25 years and 26–29 years age groups. However, no significant differences were found in affectivity means based on age. There were also no significant differences in nonverbal communication or affectivity based on educational level.
A potent formula against Triple-negative Breast Cancer - Sorafenib-Carbon Nanotubes- Folic Acid: Targeting, Apoptosis triggering, and bioavailability enhancing
Authors: Nabawi Hossam M. S. , Abdelazem Ahmed Z. , Rouby Waleed M.A. El , El-Shahawy Ahmed A. G.
Published: June 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has short survival rates, a high recurrence rate, aggressive clinical behavior, a high risk of metastasis and it is difficult to be targeted by ordinary medicines. This study aimed to (i) prepare a novel formula of sorafenib, carbon nanotubes, and folic acid to be tested as a drug delivery system targeting TNBC with higher safety and efficacy compared with free sorafenib and to (ii) evaluate the formula stability, in vitro pharmacodynamic, and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. The formula preparation was done by the synthesis of polyethylene glycol bis amine linker, carbon nanotube pegylation, folic acid attachment, and sorafenib loading. The prepared formula has been characterized using XRD, FTIR, 1HNMR, UV, HR-TEM, FESEM, Zeta sizer and Zeta potential. In vitro studies included drug release determination, MTT assay, flow cytometry to determine the apoptotic stage with percent, cell cycle analysis, and apoptotic marker assays for caspase-3, 8, 9, cytochrome c, and BCL-2. The in vivo study was performed to determine bioavailability and half-life in rats. The in vitro MTT anti-proliferative assay revealed that the formula was 3-fold more cytotoxic towards TNBC cells than free sorafenib, and the flow cytometry showed a significant increase in apoptosis and necrosis. The formula has a greater inhibitory effect on BCL-2 and a lessening effect on cytochrome c and caspases 3, 8, and 9 than free sorafenib. Moreover, in vivo experiments proved that our novel formula was superior to free sorafenib by increasing bioavailability by eight times and prolonging the half-life by three times. These results confirmed the successful preparation of the desired formula with better pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. These promising results may show a novel therapeutic strategy for TNBC patients.
Prognostic and clinicopathological value of SOX10 protein expression in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Lin Xia , Qu Li
Published: June 2023

Background
Recently, many studies were conducted to explore the role of SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10) expression in clinical progression and prognosis of breast cancer, but the results remained controversial. In order to clarify the association between SOX10 expression and breast cancer, we conducted the meta-analysis.
Methods
The eligible studies were obtained by conducting a thorough search of various databases, including Embase, PubMed, Wan Fang, Chinese Biomedical Literature, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Odd ratios (OR) or hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the associations between SOX10 expression and clinical features as well as overall survival time of breast cancer. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 software.
Results
The meta-analysis included 19 eligible studies, which involved 4,899 breast cancer patients. The results showed that SOX10 overexpression in breast cancer tissues was significantly associated with a shorter overall survival time (OR = 1.63, 95%CI = 1.25-2.00, P < 0.05), with no significant heterogeneity found (I2 = 41.7%, P = 0.13). In terms of clinical characteristics, SOX10 overexpression was significantly associated with TNM-stage (OR = 2.61, 95%CI = 1.72–3.95, P < 0.05) and grade (OR = 5.16, 95%CI = 2.62–10.17, P < 0.05) of breast cancer. Furthermore, SOX10 overexpression was found to predict a higher incidence rate of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (OR = 34.46, 95%CI = 11.70-101.48, P < 0.05) and lower expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) (OR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.12–0.34, P < 0.05), estrogen receptor (ER) (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.02–0.57, P < 0.05), and progesterone receptor (PR) (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.08–0.19, P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The study found that higher expression of the SOX10 was significantly associated with advanced progression and worse prognosis of breast cancer, particularly in TNBC. Therefore, SOX10 expression could be a promising predictor for evaluating the clinical progression and prognosis of breast cancer.
Assessment of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy severity level using ultra-widefield Clarus versus conventional five-field and ultra-widefield Optos fundus imaging
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Dan Handong , Du Xiaofeng , Michaelide michel , Nie. Xiaodong , Wang Wanxiao , Zheng Miao , Wang Dongdong , Zixu Huang , Song Zongming
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To compare diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity level and the abilities in detecting early DR lesions among conventional five-field, ultrawide-field (UWF) Optos, and UWF Clarus fundus imaging methods.
Methods
This was a single-center, prospective, clinic-based, and comparative study. In total, 157 consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examinations. Following induction of mydriasis, each eye was examined by conventional five-field, UWF Optos, and UWF Clarus fundus imaging methods. All images were graded using the International Clinical DR severity scale. DR grades were compared and analyzed by weighted kappa statistics among the three fundus imaging methods.
Results
In total, 157 consecutive patients with diabetes (302 eyes) were enrolled in this study. Weighted kappa statistics for agreement were 0.471 (five-field vs. covered optimized Optos), 0.809 (five-field vs. covered Clarus), 0.396 (covered optimized Optos vs. covered Clarus), 0.463 (five-field vs. optimized Optos), 0.521 (five-field vs. Clarus 133°), 0.500 (five-field vs. Clarus 200°), 0.323 (optimized Optos vs. Clarus 133°), 0.349 (optimized Optos vs. Clarus 200°),0.976 (Clarus 133° vs. Clarus 200°), and 0.491(optimized Optos vs. red-free channel Optos). The area under curve of covered Clarus images was higher than that of conventional five-field images at three different thresholds.
Conclusion
Compared with conventional five-field and optimized Optos fundus imaging methods, Clarus fundus imaging methods exhibited excellent performance in assessing NPDR severity. Compared with optimized Optos, red-free channel Optos can detect more small lesions. Thus, Clarus and red-free channel Optos fundus imaging methods were superior for early detection of DR.
Volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 antagonize the cherry blossom crown gall pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Authors: Zhang Qiao-Qiao , Kong Wei-Liang , Lu Lan-Xiang , Ni Hang , Wu Xiao-Qin
Published: June 2023

Background Plant crown gall disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes significant losses in the cultivation of various ornamental and fruit trees. The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by biocontrol agents (BCAs) has garnered considerable attention due to their notable antagonistic effects. This study evaluated the biocontrol effects of VOCs produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 against A. tumefaciens PX-1, the causal agent of cherry blossom crown gall.Results The VOCs released by P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 significantly inhibited the colony size, cell viability, and swimming motility of A. tumefaciens PX-1, consequently impairing chemotaxis. Moreover, transmission and scanning electron microscopy revealed substantial severe morphological and ultrastructural changes in A. tumefaciens PX-1 cells, accompanied by a significant reduction in their ability to attach to plant roots. Furthermore, VOCs decreased the transcriptional expression levels of virulence-related genes (VirA, VirG, VirD2, VirE3) and three chemotaxis-related genes (CheW1, CheW2, CheA), which play pivotal roles in the pathogenicity of the bacteria. The observed downregulation of the superoxide dismutase (sod) gene indicated oxidative damage to A. tumefaciens PX-1 cells. These gene expression changes explained why A. tumefaciens PX-1 lost its early pathogenicity when inoculated on rose. In the antibacterial substance test, the VOCs of P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 exhibited antagonistic effects on A. tumefaciens PX-1, with 2-undecone, 1-nonanol and 2-heptanone identified as the active compounds; among them, 1-nonanol and 2-heptanone exhibited the strongest antibacterial effect.Conclusions The VOCs produced by P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 exhibited biocontrol potential against the tree crown gall pathogen A. tumefaciens.
Comprehensive analysis based on machine learning algorithm: Hspb1 and Lgals3 in neurons after spinal cord injury are closely related to autophagy
Authors: Yan Lei , Li Zihao , Li Chuanbo , Chen Jingyu , Zhou Xun , Cui Jiaming , Chen Chu , Hong Hongxiang , Wu Chunshuai , Xu Guanhua , Cui Zhiming
Published: June 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to the dysfunction of sensorimotor and autonomic nerves caused by extensive and permanent loss of neurons after different degrees of damage to the spinal cord or cauda equina. The mechanism of spinal cord neuron injury after SCI has not been fully elucidated so far, although some opinions have been put forward. In this study, we extracted primary spinal neurons from neonatal rats, constructed a neuron injury model using glutamate stimulation, and performed full transcriptome sequencing analysis. We used machine learning algorithm (WGCNA, RF, and LASSO) to comprehensively and in-depth explore the important genes of spinal cord neuron injury and screen out the key genes Anxa2, Ccng1, Hspb1, Lgals3, Timp1 and S100a10, which are accompanied by the up-regulation of six expression levels of spinal cord neuron injury. Importantly, Hspb1 and Lgals3 are closely related to autophagy. To improve the reliability of our results, we downloaded the corresponding expression levels of six key genes of GSE2599, GSE20907, GSE45006, and GSE174549 to make ROC curve for verification, and then conducted RT-PCR verification of six key genes in vitro and in vivo, respectively. These findings will help us to further understand the pathogenesis of SCI, and may contribute to the screening of key targets for future clinical treatment.
Associations of cognitive impairment and longitudinal change in cognitive function with the risk of stroke events in middle-aged to older Chinese
Authors: Li Jun-xiao , Zhong Qiong-qiong , Zhu Tong , Jin Ya-li , Pan Jing , Yuan Shi-xiang , Zhu Feng
Published: June 2023

Background
Associations of cognitive impairment and longitudinal change in cognition with the risk of stroke events are unclear in older populations.
Method
Study data was obtained from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study; 200 participants with a stroke history and an equal volume of participants who were age- and sex-matched, were respectively selected as the cases and the controls; a total of 26,064 participants at baseline and all with fatal stroke in a mean follow-up of 14.3 (standard deviation = 3.2) years, were included in a prospective cohort study. Conditional logistic regression and the Cox proportional hazard regression were used.
Results
Cognitive impairment was not associated with the risk of nonfatal stroke, with adjusted odd ratio (aOR) = 0.87 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.44–1.74, P = 0.70), when median cognition was taken as the reference. Cognitive impairment was respectively associated with an increased risk of fatal all strokes (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.38, 95% CI 1.16–1.64, P < 0.001) and fatal ischaemic stroke (aHR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.10–1.77, P = 0.007), compared to median cognition; the Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT) score was associated with a decreasing trend for the risk of fatal all strokes in a restricted cubic spline analysis; longitudinal DWRT score decline was associated with the increased risks of fatal all strokes (aHR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.11–1.82, P = 0.006) and fatal haemorrhagic stroke (aHR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.10–2.78, P = 0.02), compared to longitudinal DWRT score rise.
Conclusions
Cognitive impairment and longitudinal change in the DWRT score decline were associated with the increased risks of fatal strokes in middle-aged to older Chinese.
Effect of Social Media Sentiment on Donations Received by Npos
Authors: Gandía Juan L. , Huguet David
Published: June 2023

Previous literature has analyzed the effect of internet disclosure on NPO donations, specifically, through website disclosure, showing a positive relation between internet disclosure and NPO income. Nonetheless, there is a lack of studies examining the association between sentiment on social media and NPO donations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the effect that sentiment in Twitter messages has on the donations received by NPOs. Using a sample of NPOs listed on the Non-Profit Times 100, we examine whether the sentiment transmitted by the NPOs through Twitter affects their donations. The results show that the sentiment associated with certain specific categories of messages (community messages and information messages about matters not directly related to the NPO) has a significant effect on the amount of donations received.
Comparison of Metaheuristics in Solving a Optimal Location of Photovoltaic Generators in a Distribution Network Problem
Authors: Lucena Matheus , Pereira Ramayana , Junqueira Caio , Meira Rafaella , Brito Núbia
Published: June 2023

This work addresses the optimal location of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), specifically Photovoltaic Generators (PVG), in Energy Distribution Systems (EDS) aiming at minimizing energy losses, treated as a combinatorial optimization problem. The optimal locations are modified by the metaheuristics selected for this work: Generic Algorithm (GA), Differential Evolutionary Algorithm (DEA), Tabu Search (TS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The objective was to verify the aptitude of the methods to solve the proposed problem and to compare them with each other. The performances were verified in the IEEE 123 bus test system. OpenDSS was used to calculate the power flow and Matlab to program the optimization methods. The 4 methods were efficient, presenting solutions that indicated reduction of energy losses, with emphasis on the GA and the TS, which presented the best reduction averages and the lowest standard deviations.