bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enfermedad de Ménière
Authors: Bonilla Álvarez Gloriana , Baralis Aragón Pamela , Vargas Castro Gabriela , Ye Ng Lai Yi Melissa
Published: October 2021

La enfermedad de Ménière (EM) representa un grupo diverso de trastornos relativamente poco frecuentes, caracterizado por tres síntomas centrales: vértigo episódico, tinnitus y pérdida auditiva neurosensorial. La mayoría de los casos se consideran esporádicos, aunque por medio del estudio de los diferentes fenotipos se han encontrado predictores clínicos, tales como, factores genéticos e inmunes. Se han descrito mecanismos involucrados en la etiopatogénesis de la EM, dentro de los cuales se destaca la respuesta inmune proinflamatoria, además, la presencia de los antígenos microbianos desencadena un proceso inflamatorio mediado por la liberación de citocinas proinflamatorias en diferentes sitios dentro de la cóclea, lo que conduce a un desequilibrio de líquidos causando acumulación de endolinfa y la correspondiente sintomatología. Se caracteriza por afectar en gran medida la calidad de vida de los pacientes por lo que es muy importante el diagnóstico, la estratificación y manejo oportuno de la enfermedad, cada día se suman nuevas opciones al arsenal terapeútico ya existente, aunado a las técnicas por imagen que se utilizan cada vez con mayor frecuencia.
Secuencia de intubación rápida en el Servicio de Emergencias: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Alvarado Ferllini Mónica
Published: October 2021

la administración de un agente hipnótico y un relajante neuromuscular, junto con otros procedimientos que inducen inconsciencia y parálisis muscular para facilitar la intubación traqueal rápida y minimizar el riesgo de aspiración, en pacientes que no logran mantener la vía aérea protegida. Una de sus contraindicaciones relativas es la ausencia de entrenamiento, aunque todo el personal médico debe estar capacitado para ejecutar el procedimiento. La técnica se compone de siete pasos que deben dominar todos los médicos, en especial, aquellos que laboran en un servicio de emergencias, donde esta secuencia es parte fundamental del manejo avanzado de la vía aérea para disminuir la morbimortalidad.
Terapia trombolítica en Tromboembolismo pulmonar
Authors: Arce Arguedas Edgar Jesús , García Vásquez María Lilly , Oviedo Pérez Kevin Josué
Published: October 2021

El tromboembolismo pulmonar representa la tercera causa de muerte en pacientes hospitalizados, con un diagnóstico en un 50% de los casos y teniendo una mortalidad de 20-50%. Además en Costa Rica, su incidencia ha incrementado significativamente planteando la necesidad de un mayor conocimiento en todo lo que concierne a su diagnóstico y tratamiento. La terapia trombolítica se plantea como parte del manejo del embolismo pulmonar para destruir los trombos que lo causan y así aliviar los síntomas del paciente, esperando una adecuada recuperación y disminución de la mortalidad. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es investigar la eficacia y las posibles complicaciones de utilizar el tratamiento trombolítico en pacientes que desarrollan tromboembolismo pulmonar.
Tumores pardos en hiperparatiroidismo
Authors: Chaverri Guillén Daniel , Cob Sánchez Alejandro , Chacón Barrantes José Roberto
Published: October 2021

Las glándulas paratiroideas son pequeñas glándulas ubicadas en la región posterior de los lóbulos tiroideos, encargadas del metabolismo mineral del cuerpo, especialmente del calcio y el fósforo. Al verse afectadas estas glándulas van a ocasionar alteraciones hormonales conocidas como hipoparatiroidismo o hiperparatiroidismo. El hiperparatiroidismo es un aumento de la hormona paratiroidea, que lo vamos a dividir como primario, secundario o terciario. La osteítis fibrosa quística es una patología ósea a causa de un hiperparatiroidismo sostenido, normalmente primario. Esta enfermedad se presenta debido a una remodelación de los huesos que normalmente se va a ver reflejado como tumores pardos de células gigantes. Estos tumores son lesiones donde la actividad osteoclástica es mayor a la osteogénica, dejando espacios sin tejido óseo. La hemorragia, el tejido de granulación y el tejido fibroso, proliferan y generan una expansión considerable de hueso que se manifiesta como masa o como fractura. Los tumores pardos son lesiones benignas que normalmente se van a presentar en huesos largos y pueden presentar apariencia de malignidad, teniendo estos un manejo totalmente diferente. La diferenciación se debe hacer tanto histopatológicamente como radiológicamente, aunque siempre lo debemos sospechar al tener niveles séricos aumentados de calcio y niveles altos o inapropiadamente normales de PTH, con bajos niveles de fosfato. Estas lesiones son difíciles de diagnosticar ygeneralmente desaparecen al realizar una paratiroidectomía, aunque puede que sea necesario una osteoplastia para lesiones de gran tamaño,
Ejercicio en Enfermedad Renal Crónica
Authors: Uclés Villalobos Vanessa , Vargas Arguedas Celina
Published: October 2021

La Enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) se define como la presencia de daño renal o la reducción de Tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) < 60ml/ min/1,73 m2 por 3 meses o más Se considera que en el estadio 1 el porcentaje de función del riñón está en 90-100%, 60-89% en el estadio 2, 30-59% estadio 3, 15-29% estadio 4 y <15% en estadio 5. El estadio 3 se divide en 3a y 3b, con porcentajes de 45/59% y 30-44% respectivamente. Los estadios permiten planificar el tratamiento: en el 1 se observa y controla HTA, en el 2 y 3 se observa y controla HTA y factores de riesgo y en el 4 se planea el fallo renal, por lo tanto, la diálisis. Existen varios factores predictores de ERC secundaria. La edad, HTA y DM son clave, ya que hay una tendencia al envejecimiento global de la población, y porque la HTA y la DM son un problema de salud pública global que sigue en aumento.
Corporate Social Responsibility: A Literature Review
Authors: Sanil S Hishan  , Suresh Ramakrishnan1  , Nur Naha binti Abu Mansor
Published: October 2021

Though corporate social responsibility became commonly debated in the last forty years of the twentieth century, at least as early as the nineteenth century, the notion that the company has moral responsibilities became apparent. The corporate social responsibility framework continuously adapts to global market needs. Given the recent advent of corporate social responsibility and sustainability concepts, as well as methodologies and criteria used to meet standards of "fair" business. However, a common connotation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has not been standardized, although the CSR-related principles and norms are now being established. Between academicians and professionals, there is an increasing concern in corporate social responsibility. Companies are also supposed to be open not only to their creditors but to society at large. Margolis and Walsh (2001) and Orlitzky et al. (2003) presented round-about ninety-five analytical data on CSR and financial results over the period 1972 to 2001. CSR was an independent variable in these studies; while financial output was variable based. Fifty-three percent had a positive relationship with them, twenty-four percent had no partnership with them, nineteen percent had mixed relationships with them, and five percent had harmful relationships with them. Dam (2008) has presented analytical data on CSR and financial results, but there was one difference and one aspect that was normal. The novelty of the study was the distribution of empirical findings in tabulated form focused on asset returns (ROA), equity returns (ROE), selling returns (ROS), Tobin's Q, and stock market returns, and it was popular that only empirical findings were tabulated from 1972 to 2001. For companies and prospective scholars, the findings of this study are important regarding corporate social responsibility and consumer behaviour.
Study on the effect of internal marketing on service quality: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ibrahim Sameer
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper is to synthesize the fragmented literature on effect of internal marketing on service quality, thereby broadening the literature breath and making gap identification comprehensive. Additionally, the paper also provides more insight of the concept of internal marketing, identifying aspects of it which has the most significant impact on service quality. The methodology of the research is based on systematic literature review which enabled to collect the relevant data pool to the research through PRISMA approach using existing literature. Main findings of the data revealed that internal marketing possesses a positive impact by 76% on service quality, where most significant factor contributing a positive impact being motivation and reward system. Furthermore, the marketing mix elements of internal marketing is also shown to enhance the quality of service. The research results also identified limitations revealing the gaps in the existing literature in terms of the topic. These gaps are recommended areas which can be further explored to enrich the academia. Moreover, the practical implications of the paper can benefit the world of business to embrace the concept of internal marketing to enhance the competitive edge through employees, a major asset of organizations.
Weed detection using machine learning: A systematic literature review
Authors: Abubakar Bashir Salisu
Published: October 2021

Recently, many researchers and practitioners used Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in digital agriculture to help farmers in decision making. This study aims to identify, assess and synthesize research papers that applied ML algorithms in weed detection using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) Protocol. Based on our defined search string, we retrieved a total of 439 research papers from three electronic databases, of which 20 papers were selected based on the selection criteria and thus, were synthesized and analyzed in detail. The most applied ML algorithm is Neural Networks in these models. Thirteen evaluation parameters were identified, of which accuracy is the most used parameter. 75% of the selected papers used cross-validation as the evaluation approaches, while the rest used holdout. The challenges most encountered were insufficient data and manual labeling of the pixel during image segmentation. Based on the ML algorithms identified, we concluded that supervised learning techniques are the most used techniques in weed detection.
KARAKTERISTIK SENSORI DAN KADAR AIR IKAN SELAR (Selaroides leptolepis) ASIN PADA KONSENTRASI KADAR GARAM YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Sasiang Jhon Robert , Ansar Novalina Maya Sari , Karimela Ely John
Published: October 2021

Ikan Asin merupakan ikan yang diawetkan dengan menambahkan garam dalam jumlah tertentu sehingga menghasilkan ikan asin dengan rasa, aroma dan tekstur khas. Kekurangan dari produk ikan asin saat ini adalah tampilan produk yang tidak menarik dan rasa terlalu asin karena takaran garam yang tepat belum diketahui. Sebagai salah jenis ikan dengan kandungan gizi cukup tinggi tetapi melimpah pada musim terntentu saja di Kabupaten Sangihe, ikan selar menjadi salah satu bahan baku utama ikan asin di kabupaten ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai sensori dan kadar air ikan selar yang diberi perlakuan garam dengan konsentrasi berbeda (5, 10 dan 15) %. Hasil pengujian organoleptik memperlihatkan nilai kenampakan 7.93, 8.2 and 9.0, bau (7.6, 8.2 dan 9.0) dan tekstur (7.53, 7.93 dan 8.93) pada konsentrasi (5, 10 dan 15)% berturut-turut. Dengan kata lain pengaruh perlakuan naik dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi dan nilai uji sensori tertinggi (9.0) terdapat pada perlakuan kadar garam 15%. Sebaliknya, hasil uji kadar air memperlihatkan nilai makin rendah dengan meningkatnya kadar garam dan kadar air terendah teramati pada perlakuan dengan kadar garam 15%. Meskipun begitu, nilai kadar air pada tiga perlakuan itu (25.7, 26.3 and 27.8)% masih memenuhi standar kadar air (40%) yang ditetapkan SNI 2016.   

 

Salted fish is fish preserved by adding certain amount of salt to produce salted fish with a distinctive taste, aroma and texture. One problem with localy produced salted fish is its unattractive appearance and overly salty taste caused mainly by the lack of knowledge on the right amount of salts used for preparing salted fish. Being a seasonally abundant species that also contains high nutrional value, scad fish has long become of one of the major source of salted fish in the region. This research aimed to study the sensory value and water content of scad salted fish treated with different salt concentration. Organoleptic test showed increasing values as salt concentration increased with the values of  7.93, 8.2 and 9.0 for appearance, 7.53, 7.93 and 8.93 for texture and 7.6, 8.2 and 9.0 for smell treated concentration of (5, 10 and 15)% respectively, with the highest sensory value (9.0) observed at the highest salt concentration (15%). In contrast, water content decreased as the concentration increased with the lowest water content (25.7) observed at the concentration of 15%. Nevertheless, all water content (25.7 to 27.8)% in this study met the standard value (40%) set by SNI 2016.
KONTRIBUSI PERAN PEREMPUAN PESISIR TERHADAP KEBUTUHAN EKONOMI KELUARGA DI KAMPUNG PETTA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
Authors: Sarapil Costantein Imanuel , Kumaseh Eunike , Ikhtiagung Ganjar Ndaru , Puspaputri Erlin
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi peran perempuan pesisir dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga dan berapa besar presentase kontribusi perempuan dalam menopang ekonomi keluarga di Kampung Petta Kecamatan Tabukan Utara Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi atau pengamatan yaitu kegiatan keseharian manusia dengan menggunakan pancaindra. Karena itu, obervasi adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk menggunakan pengamatannya melalui hasil kerja pancaindera mata serta dibantu dengan pancaindra lainnya untuk menghimpun data penelitian. Rata - rata keuntungan perempuan pesisir Rp 160.000 / hari, rata - rata pendapatan Rp 2.750.000, serta besar kontribusi perempuan pesisir terhadap kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga yaitu sebesar 46,5 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Perempuan pesisir mempunyai peran yang penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga di Kampung Petta. Perlu adanya kebijakan Pemerintah yang memberikan peluang bagi para perempuan pesisir untuk mengembangkan usaha mereka dan berkontribusi secara aktif bagi masyarakat.

 

This study aims to determine the contribution of the role of coastal women in fulfilling the economic needs of the family and how much is the percentage in contribution of women in supporting the family economy in Petta Village, Tabukan Utara District, Sangihe Islands Regency. Data collection was carried out by observation, namely human daily activities using the eye senses as their main aid in addition to other senses such as ears, smell, mouth, and skin. Therefore, observation is a person's ability to use his observations through the work of his senses and is assisted by other senses to collect research data. The average profit for coastal women is Rp. 160,000 / day, the average income is Rp. 2,750,000, and the contribution of coastal women to the economic needs of the family is 46,5 %. This shows that coastal women have an important role in fulfill the needs of families in Petta Village. There needs a government policy that provides opportunities for coastal women to develop their businesses and contribute actively to society.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NELAYAN PANCING ULUR DI KAMPUNG KARATUNG II KECAMATAN MANGANITU KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
Authors: Kumaseh Eunike Irene , Sarapil Costantein Imanuel , Takasabare Yafet
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat besarnya pendapatan nelayan pancing ulur di Kampung Karatung II Kecamatan Manganitu Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Kampung Karatung II terletak di Kecamatan Manganitu dengan jumlah penduduk 991 jiwa. Pendapatan nelayan di Kampung Karatung II bergantung pada hasil tangkapan. Jenis ikan hasil tangkapan pada umunya yaitu ikan Selar (Selaroides sp.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September – Oktober 2020 di perairan Kampung Karatung II Kecamatan Manganitu. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi terhadap para nelayan. Pendapatan nelayan pancing ulur di Kampung Karatung II yaitu sebesar Rp 1.250.000,- per bulan. Berdasarkan SK Gubernur Sulawesi Utara No. 330 Tahun 2020, upah minimum Provinsi Sulawesi Utara tahun 2020 Rp 3.310.723,- (tiga juta tiga ratus sepuluh ribu tujuh ratus dua puluh tiga rupiah) setiap bulan, dengan demikian pendapatan nelayan di Kampung Karatung II termasuk dalam kategori rendah.

 

This study aims to determine the income of hand line fishermen in Karatung II Village, Manganitu District of Sangihe Islands Regency. Karatung II Village is located in Manganitu District with population of 991 people. The income of fishermen in Karatung II village depends on the catch. The kind of fish caught is Selar (Selaroides sp.). This research was carried out in September to October 2020 in the waters of Karatung II village, Manganitu District. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviewing and observing the fishermen. The income of hand line fishermen in Karatung II Village is Rp. 1,250,000 per month. Based on the Decree of the Governor of North Sulawesi No. 330 of 2020, the minimum wage of North Sulawesi Province in 2020 was IDR 3,310,723 (three million three hundred ten thousand seven hundred and twenty three rupiahs) every month, and therefore, the income of fishermen in Karatung II Village is categorized as a low income.
EFEK TERAPI HORMON OODEV TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN GONAD IKAN KAKAP MERAH (Lutjanus sp.) DI TELUK TALENGEN
Authors: Tomasoa Aprelia , Manurung Usy Nora , Makasehe Sermiati , Daukalu Christania , Makarilang Jelia Janica , Balandatu Srimayangsari
Published: October 2021

Marine aquaculture activities in the Sangihe Islands, more specifically in the waters of Talengen Bay, are not yet optimal and still utilize seeds from catches in nature. This study aims to determine the effect of using the Oodev hormone and obtain the best dose to stimulate the gonadal maturity level (TKG) of red snapper (Lutjanus sp.). The red snapper used comes from the catch in the waters of Talengen Bay and is also domesticated in floating net cages. The sampled fish used were 60 individuals with average body weight (30.5 g). The Oodev hormone dose treatment, namely; 0 mL/kg, 0.5 mL/kg, 1 mL/kg and 1.5 mL/kg. Oodev hormone was applied to commercial feed specifically for marine fish with the trademark Megami GR-3 orally for 30 days of rearing. The results showed that the administration of the Oodev hormone had a positive effect on the gonadal maturity level of red snapper, with the development of different levels of gonadal maturity in each treatment. The 0.5 mL/kg dose treatment resulted in the highest gonadal maturity level (TKG III). The maturation stage was followed by 1 mL/kg and 1.5 mL/kg (TKG II) treatments. Meanwhile, compared with the 0 mL/kg treatment, the developmental stage was still TKG I (immature). These findings provide Oodev hormone with 0.5 mL/kg dose could stimulate the red snapper gonad maturity level to mature for 30 days of rearing.
Conduction system pacing in heart failure patients
Authors: Gardas Rafał , Gołba Krzysztof S.
Published: October 2021

Direct conduction system pacing delivers more physiological cardiac activation and can potentially correct intraventricular conduction disturbances and restore normal activation pathways. Permanent pacing that maintains cardiac electromechanical synchrony is essential in heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Conduction system pacing has recently emerged as an alternative to right ventricular pacing and biventricular resynchronization therapy. In this article, we review conduction system pacing in heart failure patients.
IS IMMIGRATION A REMEDY FOR DEPOPULATING REGIONS? FOREIGNERS IN STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS OF THE LODZ AND SILESIAN VOIVODESHIPS
Authors: Gońda Marcin
Published: October 2021

The Lodz and Silesian voivodeships are among the fastest depopulating areas of Poland. In recent years, both regions have experienced intensive labour immigration, mainly from Ukraine. The article presents the responses of the regional authorities (voivodeship assemblies) to the increased arrivals of foreigners. The aim is to verify if they see immigration as a solution to the demographic problems of these regions? The comparative study showed a growing awareness of officials about the migration processes taking place there, although their reactions to immigration differ significantly. The authorities of the Lodz voivodship do not see the potential for the region's development in immigration. Solutions for depopulation are sought in family policy instruments and in increasing the overall attractiveness of the region and its labor market. A more comprehensive stance is taken by the authorities of the Silesian voivodeship, as their expectations regarding the economic immigration are growing. Despite they do not propose measures to stimulate the arrival of foreigners, the attempts to identify areas of support for immigrants in settling down are undertaken.
USUCAPIÃO ESPECIAL URBANA E DESTINAÇÃO DO IMÓVEL
Authors: Trajano Daniella Pedroza Torres
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo realiza uma análise do Recurso Especial nº 1.777.404/TO através de revisão jurisprudencial e doutrinária sobre a destinação dada ao imóvel objeto da usucapião especial urbana, de modo a discutir o requisito da finalidade exclusiva para moradia. A usucapião especial urbana possui um caráter eminentemente social, visando garantir o direito fundamental à moradia à população de baixa renda. Enquanto instrumento de política urbana possui papel crucial na regularização fundiária e no cumprimento da função social da propriedade. Entretanto, uma visão restritiva dos requisitos para a sua concessão, em especial a destinação para fins residenciais, obsta que a área seja utilizada de modo a garantir não só a moradia, mas também a subsistência do usucapiente e de sua família, através de pequenos comércios, promovendo simultaneamente a dignidade da pessoa humana e os valores do trabalho e da livre iniciativa. Deste modo, a destinação dada à área do imóvel usucapido pode ser mista, desde que no caso concreto não reste configurado desvirtuamento do instituto.
A INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE DA CONFISSÃO COMO CONDIÇÃO AO ACORDO DE NÃO PERSECUÇÃO PENAL
Authors: Castro Bruno Gabriel de , Meira José Boanerges
Published: October 2021

Introduzido no Código de Processo Penal através da Lei 13.964/2019, o acordo de não persecução penal possui o intuito de expandir a área de atuação da justiça negocial no direito brasileiro. Embora o novo instituto pretenda ser uma possível solução consensual para as infrações de médio potencial ofensivo, em razão da ofensa ao princípio da não autoincriminação, a exigência de confissão como uma condição para a celebração do acordo entre o Ministério Público e o investigado se tornou uma problemática. O privilégio da não autoincriminação, também expresso pelo brocardo nemo tenetur se detegere, é um princípio constitucional implícito do processo penal pátrio e garante o direito de que ninguém é obrigado a se autoincriminar ou a produzir prova contra si mesmo. Assim, o presente trabalho pretende demonstrar o vício da exigência de confissão, após analisar, qual finalidade de tal requisito, como ele ofende o instinto natural à autopreservação, quais requisitos essenciais para a admissibilidade da confissão estão ausentes e porque esse ato pré-processual não possui força probatória em uma posterior ação penal.
A ESTREITA RELAÇÃO ENTRE A CORTE INTERNACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA E O CONSELHO DE SEGURANÇA DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS
Authors: Santos Fernanda Menezes dos , Soares Luiza Santos Cury , Zenetti Matheus Felipe Moreira
Published: October 2021

A Corte Internacional de Justiça (CIJ) é o principal órgão jurisdicional da Organização das Nações Unidas, ao passo que o Conselho de Segurança (CSNU) é o órgão permanente da organização, com a função de manutenção da paz e da segurança internacional. Ambos representam os órgãos mais importantes e prestigiados da instituição, de modo que sua relação e comunicação é extremamente relevante e definida pela própria Carta das Nações Unidas e pelo Estatuto da Corte Internacional de Justiça. Nesse sentido, faz-se necessário compreender como essa relação se dá, de maneira que o objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a estreita relação entre a CIJ e o CSNU, o que se faz a partir das regras definidas pelas citadas normas internacionais, além de casos concretos que envolvam tais órgãos. Como referencial teórico, utiliza-se a doutrina dos mais renomados juristas e estudiosos das Relações Internacionais, os quais trabalham com os conceitos necessários para se compreender o papel prestado por tais órgãos e suas principais regras procedimentais e de funcionamento. Ressalta-se, como exemplo, a utilização da doutrina de Augusto Cançado Trindade e Malcolm Shaw. A metodologia utilizada parte do modelo jurídico-compreensivo, com análise de dados primários, como normas internacionais, e dados secundários, como a doutrina. Tem-se, com isso, que o presente artigo demonstra-se como demasiado pertinente para o campo do Direito Internacional, uma vez que diz respeito à comunicação e relação entre os dois principais órgãos do sistema internacional, a partir das quais é possível verificar a evolução do Direito Internacional e os mecanismos dispostos pelas Nações Unidas para a manutenção da paz e da segurança internacional.
Do Demographics Matter in Consumer Materialism?
Authors: Antinienė Dalia , Šeinauskienė Beata , Rutelione Ausra , Nikou Shahrokh , Lekavičienė Rosita
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to investigate the effects of personal characteristics such as gender, income, education and age on consumer materialism. Research hypotheses are based on both existing marketing literature and an additional integration of gender studies literature in order to further the study of materialism. By using random sampling and surveying 1000 respondents living across different regions in Lithuania, the results show signiﬁcant differences along gender, age, self-perceived relative income and education in terms of consumers’ materialistic dispositions. The study confirms that younger consumers are more inclined to materialistic values than older ones. Women differ from men on materialism centrality, as well as happiness and success measures. Regarding consumers’ self-perceived relative income, Lithuanians with low income are more prone to aspire to material possessions. Furthermore, research indicates higher rates of consumer materialism to appear among less educated individuals. This is one of the first representative studies in Lithuania revealing what effects different demographic consumer characteristics have on materialistic behaviour. Our findings have some practical implications; for example, they show that vulnerable segments of the population are more susceptible to materialism, necessitating educational policies to reduce such behavior and encourage a more responsible approach. As a result, these educational programs should be tailored to these individuals, with a greater emphasis on the risks associated with overconsumption.
Doing mandir, doing kōvil
Authors: Limacher Katharina
Published: October 2021

This detailed study in religious studies is intended as a contribution to the study of Hinduisms. It reconstructs Hindu temple practices in Zurich and Vienna, representative of two national contexts. The focus is on the question of the practical execution of events in the Hindu temple, i.e. the question of which practices create a temple as such. Committed to an ethnomethodological approach, the study reconstructs the routine of communal Hindu temple practice - the 'doing mandir'. In doing so, it fills a research gap and contributes to the establishment of practice theory approaches in religious studies and their translation into the concretion of empirical research.
Phenomenology and Conversational Analysis in Communicology and Translatology – A Progress Report
Authors: Mählmann Romina , Stanley John Wrae
Published: October 2021

This is a report on the initial efforts made to develop phenomenological and hermeneutical methods for didactical use and epistemological research in communicology and translatology. The following analysis deals with a face-to-faceinteraction workshop that took place at the University of Applied Sciences Cologne in January 2012. The primary goal of this workshop was to establish whether or not an adaptation of the Husserlian phenomenological method could be applied within the framework of role plays, i.e., to see to what extent the phenomenological method makes it possible to observe oneself reflectively while actively participating in role plays. In toto, 14 English and German speaking participants took part in different role plays simulating the job-interview process. For this purpose the phenomenological and hermeneutical methods were explicated in an introductory phase and – at least at a rudimentary level – employed in the role plays. During the role plays, the primary tool employed to disclose verbal, para-verbal and non-verbal phenomena used in communication was the phenomenological method. After the role plays, a hermeneutical analysis was done in one selected group. The participants involved were asked to talk about the experiences they made during the role play; this was done while watching a video of the role plays, and it was designed to access the meaning of various verbal, para-verbal and non-verbal phenomena. Especially the comparison of their feelings, thoughts and perceptions with those of other participants was quite informative.
The Semiotic and Hermeneutic Aspects of Translation
Authors: Černý Lothar
Published: October 2021

Translation Studies needs a foundation beyond linguistics. Semiotics and hermeneutics provide insights into the mental processes of translation. This article analyses the possibilities of a bridge between hermeneutics and semiotics in the writings of Peirce and Schleiermacher. For both offer meta-cognitive insights into how the mind deals with difference. Schleiermacher’s lastly claims that language is the reason why a final certainty of knowledge is not possible. Peirce’s view of the sign function at first betrays a hermeneutic deficit, which he appears to overcome by pointing to the “dynamical object” of the sign, providing space for further interpretants. His ontological categories, especially the predicates of thirdness, point to a hermeneutic level of semiosis. However, a basic difference between Peirce’s semiotic theory and Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics remains. Peirce attempts to construct an objective model of signification, while hermeneutics focuses on the interpreting activity towards a given text-sign.
Social Dimensions of Hermeneutical Translation
Authors: Alavi Mohammad
Published: October 2021

This paper uses Luhmann’s theory of (social) systems to distinguish between psychic and communicative understandings. The former occurs at the psychic level and the latter at the social level. It argues that while hermeneutical translation adequately describes how, during the translation process, the translating subject comes to a particular understanding of the text, it does not sufficiently explain the communicative understanding involved when she selects linguistic equivalences for the translation product. In detailing the two levels of understanding, this paper seeks to dispel the illusion of incompatibility between hermeneutics and systems theory. It also suggests that hermeneutics and social systems theory can complement each other to explain the psychological and social dimensions of the translator’s task.
Experience, Understanding, and the Translational Transformation of Reality
Authors: Glynn Simon
Published: October 2021

The success of linguistic communication in general, and translation in particular, is dependent upon the veracity of our understanding of the meaning of concepts signified in or by a language or languages. This raises the question as to how such understanding may be accomplished and ensured. And while Platonists and their ilk rely upon the transcendental intuition of supposedly absolute concepts, purportedly inscribed in their souls, those skeptical of such metaphysics have tended to attempt to derive the meaning of the concepts signified by language ostensively from observations of the supposedly “Real” world. However, in this essay, I argue that this is problematic for a number of reasons, not the least being that, as Husserl, following Hume, has noted, even the existence, much less the nature, of a (quasi-Noumenal) “Real” world, outside or transcending our experiences of phenomenal “Appearances,” is no more empirically verifiable than is Plato’s transcendental realm. Nor may understanding of (the meaning of ) the concepts signified by the linguistic communications of others be derived from these appearances, since my understanding of how things appear to others presupposes my understanding of the language they must employ to communicate this to me. Furthermore, and contra Husserl, as Hermeneutic Phenomenologists such as Heidegger recognized, the very appearances from which we may seek to drive our concepts are always already mediated by our conceptions or preconceptions. All of this being so, then as we shall perhaps not be surprised to see, the (semantic meaning of ) concepts signified by language are, as de Saussure has argued, derived from the syntactic relations which delineate them. Consequently, as Derrida has shown, they change over time (or diachronically) as such relations change. Unable therefore to establish the veracity of individuals’ understanding of concepts communicated either within a single language, or between languages, by appealing outside language to an independent criterion of arbitration, we must instead rely upon the coherence of linguistic articulation and communication; a coherence which, although a necessary condition of ensuring the correspondence of our understanding with that of others, can never be sufficient to do so. However, confidence in our understanding increases with the specificity and number of communications achieved without the occurrence of incoherence.
The concept of environment in andragogical literature and university education of andragogues
Authors: Orlović-Lovren Violeta
Published: October 2021

This paper is based on the assumption that to facilitate the contribution of andragogy and adult education to the processes of "societal transformation", we as researchers and university teachers are required to question our own understanding and integration of the concept of the environment as one of the key dimensions of sustainable development in this area. The paper starts by asking the following questions: In what way are the environment and the relation of the human kind and environment conceptualized in andragogical literature? Does the integration of this concept contribute to the disappearance or the balance of knowledge about the environment within adult education, in a general sense and in university education, in particular, and in what way does it contribute? In our search for answers, we employed the qualitative trend analysis to conceptualize the environment in the works of authors in the field of environmental adult education, originating from the last decade of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. We shall analyse terminological and conceptual relations among environmental and ecological constructs, as well as their relation to the concept of sustainable development.
Evaluation of the frequency of premenstrual syndrome manifestations in the population of generative women
Authors: Marjanović Milena , Savić Nikola , Jokić Zoran , Vukosavljević Svetlana
Published: October 2021

Introduction: During the premenstrual syndrome, many physical and psychological manifestations occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Premenstrual syndrome is a disorder in the reproductive age that negatively affects a woman's quality of life. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of manifestations of premenstrual syndrome in the population of women of generative age. Material and methods: The research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study, a research instrument, was constructed questionnaire, for women of childbearing age, which assesses their level of information about premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual syndrome symptoms, symptom relief and quality of life. The study included a sample of 260 respondents, the study was conducted at the Health Center in Valjevo in the period from November 2020 to February 2021. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Results: Descriptive statistics methods were used in the analysis of the results. The respondents are between 18 and 44 years old. Most of them are from urban areas (66.7%) with completed high school (66.7%), employed (91.7%), married (58.3%). Most respondents have some of the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, while a smaller percentage deny the symptoms. An important fact is that 50% of women think that stressful situations worsen their symptoms. A large number of women were informed about premenstrual syndrome (91.7%), a large number of women (75%) did not consult a doctor due to problems and a large number did not use any therapy (83.3%). Conclusion: Women of reproductive age are highly exposed to premenstrual syndrome. All the symptoms of this syndrome affect the quality of life, work ability and family relations, and daily functioning. Effective implementation of health education interventions related to reproductive health is a basic measure to improve the quality of life of women with premenstrual syndrome, as well as to prevent or eliminate health problems.
Medical treatment and prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Mirković Andrea , Savić Nikola
Published: October 2021

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most commonly treated infections in gastroenterology. In the last three decades, due to recurrent or repeated infection, the incidence of this complex health problem has been constantly increasing. Studies have shown that successful treatment of this infection can prevent the occurrence of numerous complications, such as ulcer disease, dyspepsia or gastric cancer. Interventions in the prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection are numerous, they are carried out at all levels of health care and are of great importance for reducing the number of patients, but also for the occurrence of complications related to the infection. The aim of this paper is to evaluate innovations in medical treatment and prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection.
Does (family) law protect family?
Authors: Kovaček-Stanić Gordana , Samardžić Sandra
Published: October 2021

Although we cannot ignore the fact that the law in some way affects the family from the very beginning by determining who is considered a family member, what are their mutual rights and obligations, how certain relationships are formed and how they end, modern understanding of the family, however, necessarily implies respect for the extremely wide field of family, that is parental autonomy. Such an understanding could, in the most extreme form, result in an almost complete absence of responsibility of the state or the legal system for everything that happens in the family. In this sense, there are very weak formal legal obligations of the state in taking an active role in strengthening the family, and in practice there is virtually no involvement of the state in strengthening ties within the family before certain problems arise. On the other hand, if someone has the potential to protect the family and its members, then it is certainly the legal system. The protection of the family must not be reduced only to the question of how to do it, but also at what moment or whether the protection and development of healthy family relationships must be an issue to be addressed much earlier, even before the family is formed. In that sense, counseling or conversations with competent persons, can be of special importance. Also, although they are relatively foreign to our culture, the popularization of prenuptial agreements and presenting future spouses or common law partners with the possibilities of this agreement provides, can contribute to the avoidance of later property disputes. In this paper, the focus will, however, be on certain solutions that can help in situations where there is already a disturbance in the relationship between family members, that is between spouses or common law partners. Any attempt to calm the situation, or moderate and careful intervention in family relations, can primarily be achieved by insisting on certain alternative ways of resolving disputes. In addition, the existence of specialized judges, as well as lawyers, who would implement significant changes in the education system of future lawyers, but also in the field of practice, can also greatly contribute to this goal. Finally, certain changes in the field of family substantive law can also be of great importance. In that sense, this paper primarily focuses on certain solutions proposed in theory, their analysis in the context of Serbian legislation, as well as on possible further changes in domestic regulations. Namely, although some proposals have already found their place in the positive legislation of Serbia, it remains uncertain to what extent these provisions have been applied and whether they really contribute to maintaining stable family relations in situations when relations are seriously disturbed.
Nezakoniti upravni akti
Authors: Milkov Dragan , Radošević Ratko
Published: October 2021

U domaćoj nauci upravnog prava, po ugledu na nemačku i austrijsku, nezakoniti upravni akti tradicionalno se dele na ništave i rušljive. Podela, međutim, otkriva mnoge nelogičnosti. Osnovni problem proizlazi iz pitanja da li ništavi upravni akti imaju pravno dejstvo, na koje autori odgovaraju protivrečno. Razlog je jednostavan: svoje stavove ne zasnivaju u dovoljnoj meri na važećem pravu. Isuviše se oslanjaju na istoimenu građanskopravnu podelu pravnih poslova, koja nije primerena upravnom pravu i pravnoj prirodi upravnog akta. S obzirom na to da u našem pravu ništavi upravni akti imaju pravno dejstvo, podela gubi svoj izvorni, građanskopravni smisao. Bez njega, ona više ni nema smisla - više je štetna nego korisna. Iz važećeg prava osnovano može da se izvede samo jedna specifična kategorija upravnih akata, uslovno nazvanih ništavim. To su upravni akti sa najtežim povredama zakona, zbog kojih mogu uvek da se uklone iz pravnog poretka. Pokušaj da se naspram njih postave svi ostali upravni akti, nazvani rušljivim, nije logički ispravan i ne može dosledno da se sprovede ni po jednom kriterijumu - naročito ne po onom građanskopravnom.
Illegitimate offspring in Montenegro at the beginning of the 20th century
Authors: Kulauzov Maša
Published: October 2021

The article sheds light on Montenegrin legislature regarding outof-wedlock infants, particularly on Law on illegitimate children of 1894, whose author, famous jurist Valtazar Bogišić had put significant effort into protecting this vulnerable social group. His successor on the position of minister of justice Lujo Vojnović also had understanding for sensitive and fragile status of illegitimate offspring, so he issued necessary bylaws in which he more precisely defined distribution of the illegitimate children's trust assets to beneficiaries. On the other hand, the Supreme Court also passed some decrees regarding children born outside of marriage that were addressed to district courts and local authorities. All aforementioned documents were carefully scrutinized in this paper, as well as chapters XVI-XVIII of Criminal code for the Principality of Montenegro from 1906. The Code thoroughly regulated neonaticide (killing of an infant within the first 24 hours of birth), abandonment of illegitimate newborns, unlawful termination of pregnancy, as well as all kinds of accomplices in these crimes in order to protect lives of illegitimate children.
The Impact of Immersive and Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Trends in Sensorimotor Recovery of Post-Stroke Patients-A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rizvi Jaza , Farooqui Sumaira Imran , Khan Abid , Soomro Bashir Ahmed , Hassan Batool
Published: October 2021

Virtual Reality (VR) is an approach in stroke rehabilitation with ever-improving technological advancement for targeted motor rehabilitation by providing a user interface in a simulated environment with proprioceptive and visual feedback. This meta-analysis intended to evaluate the impact of immersive and non-immersive VR-based interventions compared to conventional rehabilitation in sensorimotor recovery following stroke. Randomized Controlled Trials based on the impact of VR, either immersive or non-immersive type in comparison to conventional rehabilitation on post-stroke patients (>18 years) sensorimotor recovery were searched on six databases including Google Scholar, PEDro, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science from August to November 2020. A total of 17 randomized controlled trials on VR based intervention showed significant improvement in sensorimotor recovery following a stroke in overall FMA outcomes in comparison to the control group with pool effects in terms of SMD in a random effect model showed an impact of 0.498 at 95% CI (p<0.001) depicts a moderate effect size. An immersive and non-immersive emerging VR trend appears to be a promising therapeutic tool in sensorimotor recovery following stroke.
Antibiotic use in nasal bone fracture: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea
Authors: Jeon Yeo Reum , Jung Ji Hyuk , Song Joon Ho , Chung Seum
Published: October 2021

Background: Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used in craniofacial surgeries. Despite the low risk of surgical site infection after nasal surgery, a lack of consensus regarding the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in the closed reduction of nasal bone fractures has led to inappropriate prescribing patterns. Through this study, we aimed to investigate the status of prophylactic antibiotic use in closed reductions of nasal bone fractures in Korea.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort of Korea from 2005 to 2015. We analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent closed reduction of nasal bone fractures. The sex, age, region of residence, comorbidities, and socioeconomic variables of the patients were collected from the database. Factors that affect the prescription of perioperative antibiotics were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 3,678 patients (mean±standard deviation of age, 28.7±14.9 years; 2,850 men [77.5%]; 828 women [22.5%]) were included in this study. The rate of antibiotic prescription during the perioperative period was 51.4%. Approximately 68.8% of prescriptions were written for patients who had received general anesthesia. The odds of perioperative prophylactic antibiotic use were significantly higher in patients who received general anesthesia than who received local anesthesia (odds ratio, 1.59). No difference was found in terms of patient age and physician specialty. Second-generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed antibiotic (45.3%), followed by third- and first-generation cephalosporins (20.3% and 18.8%, respectively). In contrast, lincomycin derivatives and aminoglycosides were not prescribed.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there was a wide variety of perioperative antibiotic prescription patterns used in nasal bone surgeries. Evidence-based guidance regarding the prescribing of antimicrobial agents for the closed reduction of nasal bone fractures should be considered in future research.