bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epistemología y Pedagogía… Consideraciones
Authors: Moreno Mejías Yenny Coromoto
Published: August 2018

La epistemología representa el conocimiento científico centrado en diferentes áreas del pensamiento, con la finalidad de apreciar la relevancia del ser humano. La misma puede considerarse como la filosofía de la ciencia; basando dicho conocimiento en la costumbre humana, en otras palabras, es aquello que se ha adquirido durante la vida. Por lo tanto, la epistemología y la pedagogía requieren de una serie de competencias para el desempeño docente, dentro de estas se encuentran las personales, académicas, pedagógicas y tecnológicas; determinando la actuación del individuo. En otras palabras, requieren que los educadores conozcan, seleccionen, utilicen, evalúen, perfeccionen y generen estrategias pedagógicas efectivas, que despierten el pensamiento crítico del estudiante. En el presente ensayo se pretende hacer una revisión acerca de la epistemología y la pedagogía, actuando desde las consideraciones de la misma. Para ello se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobra la importancia y relevancia que tiene la epistemología desde la pedagogía que efectúa el docente y el análisis del conocimiento que debe hacer desde su entorno. Finalmente, el mismo contribuye a enriquecer ese sentir, pensar, vivir y convivir, hacia una construcción epistemológica legitimada en la producción de conocimientos originados desde la práctica, teniendo como explicación la experiencia como instancia de creación del conocimiento y resignificando el saber desde lo autoconstruido y socializado. Además, focalizará la explicación y ejemplificación de los conocimientos generales que son enseñados en el aula de clase; tomando en cuenta el contexto en el cual se desenvuelve los estudiantes, la experiencia y su cotidianidad.
La Calidad Ambiental desde la Comunidad en el Contexto Escolar
Authors: Uzcategui Herrera Elizabeth María
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar las perspectivas de la calidad ambiental el contexto educativo en los docentes del Centro de Educación Inicial Francisco Ribas, municipio Barinas, estado Barinas. El estudio responde metodológicamente al paradigma cualitativo. El tipo de estudio en una investigación acción y el diseño de campo. Se consideraron cinco (05) sujetos de estudio que laboran en la institución antes mencionada. La técnica e instrumento de recolección de la información utilizada fue la observación directa y como instrumento una entrevista en profundidad. De allí que, la técnica y análisis de la información se categorizó con los contenidos y se procedió a la Triangulación; así mismo se efectuó el proceso de la teorización. Los resultados obtenidos estuvieron centrados en: (1) Los docentes mantienen una actitud positiva hacia el ambiente desde la acción educativa, a través de orientaciones pedagógicas, conversaciones y reflexiones en función a la conservación del ambiente; (2) Las medidas que toman son por medio de la reflexión de lectura de cuentos cortos, limpieza de los jardines, parques y ríos; (3) Se planificaron las acciones para guiar el plan de acción enmarcándose en el pensamiento conservacionista, actitud positiva, promoción de acciones conocer, ser, vivir juntos y aprender a hacer, calidad de vida en la Educación Ambiental, relación docente-alumno. Las conclusiones estuvieron centradas en que los educadores recibieron con entusiasmo y convicción mejorar la calidad de vida en la implementación en acciones hacia fortalece el ambiente.
Resilientes: Capital Social en la Gestión del Conocimiento Inmerso en la Formación Docente Venezolana
Authors: Ramírez de Sánchez Melba Marina
Published: August 2018

El presente artículo fue producto evolutivo de reflexiones del conocimiento adquirido a través del corpus teórico de la tesis doctoral titulada: Resiliencia en la complejidad del comportamiento humano para la superación de adversidades académicas, donde los informantes claves aportan sus realidades y experiencias en el campus universitario público y privado a partir de las dos ópticas: docentes y estudiantes. Dicho estudio tiene el objetivo de promover una aproximación teórica de los resilientes como capital social en la gestión del conocimiento inmerso en la formación docente venezolana. Razón por la cual se planteó la problemática partiendo de las experiencias de los actores sociales, de allí que la investigación corresponde al paradigma cualitativo así como la postura paradigmática se fortaleció identificándose con el enfoque interpretativo,  de tal manera que se procesó, trianguló y categorizó las unidades hermenéuticas, concluyéndose que el capital social está integrado por docentes y estudiantes que comparten un universo de experiencias y conocimientos gestionados, los cuales conducen al aporte significativo del conocimiento y su fortalecimiento humanístico de los  profesionales de la docencia así como de la organización o institución universitaria.
Pengaruh temperatur terhadap hasil proses pirolisis pada ban bekas pakai
Authors: Mahmudi Haris , Mukaromah Lia Fatul
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of temperature variation on the process of pyrolysis tires and catalyst. The method used in this research is the real experimental method. With temperature as independent variable and viscosity value, density and flash point as dependent variable. While the condenser temperature and pressure as a control variable. The results showed the effect of temperature on the results obtained. At a temperature of 350 º C from pure tire material obtained as much as 190 ml, and at a temperature of 350 º C of tire material and the catalyst obtained results as much as 165 ml. As for the characteristic properties possessed in terms of the viscosity value, the lowest viscosity value of the pure tire material of 350 ºC of 0.29 dPa.S and of the used tire material mixed with the lowest viscosity catalyst is in the sample 250 ºC of 0.29 dPa .S. whereas for the lowest density value of the used pure tire material is in the sample 300 ºC with a density value of 710 kg / m3 while for the material of the used tire and the lowest density catalyst at 250 ºC with the value of 780 ºC. For the lowest Flash point value of pure materials used pure 29 ºC and from materials used tires and catalysts of 29 º C.
Meningkatkan kinerja usaha kecil menengah dengan pendekatan value engineering
Authors: Ilham M. Muslimin , Suzantho Ferry , Surahmad Surahmad , Achmadi Fuad
Published: August 2018

Currently, the use of value engineering has been done in various business fields. Not only large companies, but SMEs in the region have also started to recognize the method of business management with value engineering. This research attempts to solve the problem of how SMEs can improve their performance based on Value Engineering approach. This research is a qualitative research. From the research activities, obtained the following conclusions. (1) Application of Value Engineering method on SMEs can complete better solution in order to improve company performance. (2) Based on the alternative combination of work methods created then, alternative application of value engineering selected. Because the application of value engineering has advantages such as: (a) Rapid production process, (b) Neat workmanship, (c) Selling price is higher. While the technical specifications owned by Value Engineering alternatives that will be run are as follows: (a) The process does not work long time to manufacture 1 unit of minimalist metal fence. For the size of 8m2 it only takes 2 days. (b) The quality and quality required have a perfect shape and are not defective. (c) The welding joints are not easily broken by impact / blow. (3) Cost reduction can be done on Value Engineering method, because the change of new method in production process of minimizing iron fence affecting the reduction of labor cost. The reduction of these costs will affect the increase in the higher performance of the product, so the value of the product to rise, then affect the selling price to be high.
TOPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE ELECTRON DENSITY DISTRIBUTION IN COVELLITE: POSITION Cu1.
Authors: Pogoreltsev A. I. , Matukhin V. L. , Safonova O. A. , Sharipova A. R. , Islamova G. N. , Shmidt E. V. , Shulgin D. A.
Published: August 2018

The synthesized sample of covellite was investigated by NQR 63,65Cu methods. The experimentally determined values of the quadrupole frequency νQ and the asymmetry parameter η have been used to study the distribution of electron density in the region of the quadrupole nuclei in position Cu1. It is found that Cu-S bond in position Cu1 is ionic, and the gap LUMO-HOMO decreases with increasing temperature.
THERMODYNAMIC AND ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS OF THE SOLID FUEL PULSATING COMBUSTION IN A HELMHOLTZ RESONATOR TYPE DEVICE
Authors: Semenova E. V. , Larionov V. M. , Vankov Yu. V.
Published: August 2018

One of the perspective applications of pulsating combustion is the utilization of industrial waste. There is a mathematical model and the results of calculating the frequency and amplitude of acoustic gas oscillations in a Helmholtz resonator type device using solid fuel. In this paper, pulsating combustion is considered as a result of the interaction of acoustic oscillations with the process of heat release in the combustion zone. It is shown that the frequency and amplitude of gas oscillations, the amplitude and phase of the heat release rate pulsations, the acoustic energy generated in the combustion zone are interrelated quantities.
AUTONOMOUS POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS WITH RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY AND SMART GRID
Authors: Chetoshnikova L. M. , Smolentsev N. I. , Chetoshnikov S. A. , Gusarov G. V.
Published: August 2018

The use of modern devices and technologies in power supply systems will provide consumers with high-quality energy. Especially effective in this direction will be the construction of autonomous systems using renewable energy sources and local smart grids. The coordinated work of all elements of systems and optimal control of energy flows is solved by mathematical modeling methods.
Prinsip-prinsip Ushul Fiqh Mazhab Salafi Saudi
Authors: Kodir Faqihuddin Abdul
Published: August 2018

Dalam banyak analisis (Altorki, 1986; Olivetti, 2001; Algar, 2002; dan Abou El-Fadl, 2004), metode pemahaman Mazhab Salafi Saudi yang tekstual dan literal adalah pangkal dari pandangan-pandangan mereka yang kaku, keras, tidak ramah pada yang berbeda, dan diskritimatif terhadap perempuan. Dengan mendeskripsikan lima prinsip Ushul Fiqh Mazhab ini, tulisan ini memandang bahwa tekstualitas yang literal sekalipun sesungguhnya juga sangat kompleks dan membuka kemungkinan pada negoisasi dan perubahan. Kelima prinsip yang dimaksud adalah; (1) Teks yang otoritatif tidak terbatas pada al-Qur’an dan Hadits, tetapi juga pandangan Sahabat, dan Tabi’in; (2) Otoritas hadits mutawatir adalah sama dengan ahad; (3) Kritisisme sanad Hadits dalam ilmu Hadits menjadi penentu penerimaan dan penolakan suatu hadits; (4) Membatasi secara ketat dari penggunaan qiyas, dan segala jenis interpretasi berbasis akal pikiran; dan (5) Metode interpretasi yang literal terhadap teks-teks al-Qur’an dan Hadits.
MAQĀṢIḌ SHARĪ’AH SEBAGAI METODE PENGGALIAN HUKUM ISLAM: ANTARA AL-GHAZĀLĪ, AL-SHAṬIBĪ, DAN AL-ṬŪFĪ
Authors: Thahir A. Halil
Published: August 2018

Islam comes to bring goodness to mankind. In practice Islamic law must deal with new issues that demand new legal solutions as well. It is often that a partial legal approach produces partial legal products by altering the welfare that is at the heart of Islamic Sharī’ah. The maqāṣid al-sharī’ah approach can be a way for the development of Islamic law which is oriented towards human welfare so that Islam as raḥmatan lil-‘ālamīn can really be realized. This article seeks to examine the development of the concept of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah by emphasizing the characteristic of the three main figures of different schools of thought: al-Ghazālī, al-Shaṭibī, al-Ṭūfī.

Keywords: Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah, Maṣlaḥah, Islamic Law
dinamika pemikiran Islam Indonesia dalam perspektif epistemologi fiqh dan kontribusinya bagi peneguhan semangat kebangsaan dan keindonesiaan
Authors: Ghufron Fathorrahman
Published: August 2018

This paper will examine the epistemology of Islamic jurisprudence from the perspective of which the dynamics of Islamic thought since the beginning of independence era until the reform era is understood. Through the three aspects of epistemology, i.e. Bayānī, Ta’līlī, and Istiṣlāḥi, the author tries to analyze the different ways of view and the characteristics of thoughts between each group in expressing their Islamic thinking. It found out that the diversity of thoughts which go along with the dynamics of Islamic thinking has also an impact on the construction of strengthening nationality and Indonesia-ness.

Keywords: Dynamics of Thought, Epistemology of Fiqh, Indonesia-ness

Surat Keterangan Penulis
RITUAL PETIK LAUT DAN KERAGAMAN (KERAGAMAN DAN KOMUNIKASI RITUAL DI KALANGAN NELAYAN MULTIETNIS DI KEDUNGREJO MUNCAR BANYUWANGI)
Authors: Ainiyah Nur
Published: August 2018

This research purpose to show how ritual communication in cultural social diversity of fi sherman community of Kedungrejo Muncar Banyuwangi going in harmony. As a result, collective ritual of Petik Laut become a media of communication and integration within variety of fi sherman community. The focuses of research are: 1. How reality of ritual of Kedungrejo fi sherman community?, 2. How cultural social diversity in the community be build?, 3. How ritual communication become a media of integration within this multi ethnic cultural community?. This research describes that the ideology is a signifi cant problem for coastal society caused of their character. Coastal communitues, generally known for being violent and open to religious and ideological diversity. Ritual communication as an integration media for cultural social community can be seen in implementation of Petik Laut collective ritual. It shows the coastal Islamic cosmology that communication on ritual erase social cultural border in their community.

Keywords: Ritual, Plurality, Communication and Cosmology
RADIKALISME DAN PENYIMPANGAN IDEOLOGI GERAKAN SALAFI
Authors: Rozi Achmad Bahrur
Published: August 2018

The emergence of issues of Islamic radicalism is a new challenge for Muslims in the middle of the global association. Salafi s have been identifi ed as radical Islamic movements because they think that Islam is not just religion but ideology as well. This article tries to answer the question whether Islam, as a belief system, gave birth to the ideological seeds of violence and terror? What is the ideal relationship between Islam and ideology, how is the linkage of radicalism with the Islamic movement called the Salafi s? and what is exactly the ideological deviation of the Salafi movement?

Key words: Radicalism, Ideology, Salafi
IBN KHALDŪN AND THE JEWS: ON THE IDEA OF RELIGIOUS EMANCIPATION
Authors: Epafras Leonard Chrysostomos
Published: August 2018

The present article is an exploration on Ibn Khaldun’s notion of religious emancipation, notably in the case of Jews in his age. The exploration is based on the examination upon his magnum opus, Muqaddima. Byproduct, it describes as well the dynamic of the notion of religious emancipation and tolerance in history among the Christians and Muslims in the pre-modern era, through which the interreligious relationship is also a concern. Ibn Khaldun was an important fi gure in this endeavor through his sociological analysis of the world history, as his unique overview upon Jews as a marginal religious group. In the present article Ibn Khaldun is situated within his contemporary and considered him as a prominent Islamic thinker in liminality, a condition that allows him to envision new thing but at the same time embedded in the context.

Keywords: Ibn Khaldun, the Jews, Religious Emancipation
EMBODIMENT OF LOCAL WISDOM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: PRACTICING ECO-THEOLOGY IN KAMPUNG NAGA
Authors: Afifuddin Ridho
Published: August 2018

Paper ini mencoba untuk menguraikan praktik masyarakat adat Kampung Naga dalam melestarikan lingkungan yang berlandaskan pada kearifan lokal disertai keyakinan agama yang melekat pada diri mereka. Metode pengambilan data dalam paper ini adalah participant observation dan studi etnografi s secara mendalam. Dengan menggunakan pandangan dunia (world view) sebagai basis dasar cara pandang pengetahuan, penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa poin penting. Pertama, bahwa masyarakat adat dengan pengetahuan lokalnya selalu berupaya untuk hidup damai dengan siapapun dan apapun yang ada di lingkungan sekitar mereka. Upaya untuk hidup damai ini bukan sekedar dimaknai sebagai sebuah tugas, namun lebih kepada way of life yang secara fundamental menjadi bagian yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan mereka. Lebih dari itu, kehidupan yang selaras dan damai bersama alam ini, sesungguhnya juga disadari sebagai bentuk pengejawantahan dari nilai-nilai spiritual. Spiritual masyarakat adat Kampung Naga merupakan bentuk kolaborasi cantik antara tuntunan adat dengan ajaran agama Islam. Oleh karena itu, ajaran Islam sebagai agama samawi mampu dihadirkan dalam wajah lokal ala Kampung Naga tanpa menghilangkan esensi dari nilai keislaman itu sendiri

Kata kunci: Ekoteologi, Masyarakat Lokal, Lingkungan, Kearifan Lokal
FACING DIFFERENCES AS RESOURCE OF HARMONY: A CASE IN BANGUNTAPAN
Authors: Ulumudin Moch. Ichiyak
Published: August 2018

Indonesia is one of the heterogeneous countries and has various diversity of language, ethnicity, tradition, and religion. Religious differences in some cases are very vulnerable to confl icts such as those that have happened in Poso and Ambon. However, religious differences will not necessarily lead to religious confl icts if it is the case in Plumbon, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. In the region, there are three different religions: Islam, Hinduism, Christianity and Catholicism. Nevertheless, they can live in harmony in these differences. Religious harmony in Banguntapan is formed through an interactive dialogue framed in celebrations, traditions and religious ceremonies. Each Religion is a religious ceremony. The celebration or ceremony serves as a means of dialogue by participating in it as a form of appreciation of other religions as well as supporting and conditioning the situation of celebration. On the other hand, supports are also in the form of fi nancial, moral and efforts to fi nd synergy or balance among religious people. The uniqueness in Banguntapan village is in the tradition of religious ceremonies that local people consider highly sensitive to interfaith ritual activities.

Keywords: Religious Difference, Religious Harmony, Religious Rituals.
UNDERSTANDING THE WORLDVIEW OF ABANGAN PRACTICE: AN ASCETIC CASE IN PETILASAN EYANG SRIGATI AND BRAWIJAYA V AND TAPA KUNGKUM FROM BUMI PERTAPAAN ALAS KETONGGO, NGAWI, EAST JAVA
Authors: Mujab Saiful
Published: August 2018

This project attempts to discover how the worldview of ascetic practice among the Abangans in “Bumi Pertapaan alas Ketonggo-Ngawi-East Java”. This research wants to prove that the worldview of some ascetics maintains that all of their practices in Ketonggo have strong correlation to several spirits, a kind of syncreticism and mysterious realm. The data in this research is collected through participant observation around 5 mounts in two sacral places of Ketonggo forest (Petilasan Brawijaya and Eyang Srigati and Tapa Kungkum in Tempur River). The fi rst phase of the project involves interviewing around 10 pilgrimages who practice the ritual, some native people and central fi gure of Ketonggo forest. This paper concludes that of the ascetic practices both in Petilasan Brawijaya V and Kungkum in Tempur River has strong understanding and correlation to some sacred powers and spirits in the Ketonggo forest.

Keywords: Abangan, Ascetic, Kungkum, and Alas Ketonggo
Peer and Self Editing Strategies to Improve Students’ Writing Skill
Authors: Edi Winarto Agus
Published: August 2018

Peer and self editing strategies are social and metacognitive strategies used in the steps of sharing, revising, and editing in writing. The objective of the study is to see how peer and self editing strategies are able to improve students’ writing skill. 64 students participants were actively involved in this classroom action research. Peer editing worksheet, self editing worksheet, and test sheet were used as the instruments. The results showed that students’ writing skill improved in all elements: the quality of format, punctuation and mechanics, content, organization, and grammar and sentence structure. They had achieved the criteria of success as determined. It can be concluded that peer and self-editing strategies are able to improve students’ writing skill.
Bienestar subjetivo y pobreza: Estudio de caso con mujeres en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Castro Serrano Borja , Flotts de los Hoyos Marcela , Valenzuela Parada Cristian , Vidal Molina Paula
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: caracterizar las percepciones de cambio en el bienestar subjetivo de las mujeres de comunas pobres del sur de Santiago que participaron del proyecto promocional en salud mental ‘Mujer, Comunidad y Calidad de Vida’. Se trata de precisar su relación con condiciones sociodemográficas, variables metodológicas y habilidades psicosociales.Metodología: estudio de caso, mediante un análisis de datos bivariado (chi cuadrado y correlación) y multivariado (regresión lineal múltiple), se responde qué dimensiones inciden en los niveles de satisfacción vital (variables sociodemográficas; metodológicas; y psicosociales) y si explican o no las percepciones de cambio de bienestar subjetivo de estas mujeres.  Resultados: se evidenció que  las variables sociodemográficas y metodológicas no inciden ni explican la percepción de cambio en el bienestar subjetivo, no así las variables asociadas al cambio en las habilidades psicosociales, que en un gran porcentaje y con una alta correlación, determinan aquella percepción de cambio.Conclusiones: las variables asociadas a las habilidades psicosociales estudiadas son las que tienen una mayor relación con el bienestar subjetivo, por sobre las sociodemográficas y metodológicas. Y de forma coherente con lo anterior, son el grupo de variables que tienen una mayor incidencia sobre este constructo. Por tanto, el desarrollo de las dimensiones subjetivas en la calidad de vida a través de la promoción de habilidades psicosociales desde un enfoque promocional de salud mental incida en las percepciones del propio bienestar.
Reconfiguración de prácticas espaciales: análisis socioespacial a los procesos de desplazamiento y retorno campesino
Authors: Ospina Florido Byron
Published: August 2018

Objetivos: comprender los procesos de reconfiguración de las prácticas espaciales de las familias campesinas desplazadas retornadas en las veredas de VillaColombia y Borracheras, de los Montes de María, Colombia, en el periodo 2004-2012.Metodología: el diseño de investigación giró en torno al método de los estudios de caso. A partir un enfoque cualitativo, acompañado por revisión documental, entrevistas individuales y grupales, así como la aplicación de encuestas y cartografía social, se analizó la reconfiguración de estas prácticas por medio de las variables: familia-trabajo-comunidad.Resultados: el análisis de la espacialidad de los retornos campesinos, permite observar que en medio de dicho proceso estas familias campesinas se han visto en la necesidad de ajustar sus modos de producción y de reproducción social, reconfigurando, en medio de ello, los sentidos que sitúan los sistemas de representaciones, apreciaciones y acciones que constituyeron y constituyen sus prácticas espaciales y, por ende, su modo de vida campesino en relación con las formas en que apropian y controlan su espacio.Conclusiones: estas reconfiguraciones no se pueden explicar por fuera del marco contextual en el cual se desarrolló tanto el desplazamiento como el retorno de los campesinos. Se insiste en que es importante considerar también, las propias dinámicas geohistóricas de la región, en tanto factores externos que siguen determinando las condiciones, la estabilidad y la permanecía de los retornados en la región. Por otro lado, la investigación apunta a retomar el análisis espacial, no sólo como medio para ampliar la comprensión del fenómeno del desplazamiento y el retorno sino como una posibilidad para repensar la política pública orientada hacia dichos fenómenos.
Los rostros de la solidaridad. Historia Oral y Vida Cotidiana. El discurso existencial de los exiliados chilenos en México y María Esther Zuno de Echeverría
Authors: Valles Ruiz Rosa María , Castelli Olvera Azul Kikey
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: identificar las características del discurso relacionado con la solidaridad hacia los chilenos exiliados en México, tras el golpe de Estado al presidente Salvador Allende en 1973. También se estudia la relevancia de lapolítica de asilo del gobierno mexicano y la postura de solidaridad de María Esther Zuno, que facilitó la adaptación de los exiliados a México.Metodología: enfoque cualitativo con registro documental sobre los exilios de la década de los setenta y las características de la política de asilo del gobierno de México. Se utilizó la metodología de la historia oral, concretamente el testimonio y el relato de chilenos, para analizar el discurso y la reconstrucción de significados de quienes llegaron al país. El análisis de discurso se hizo con base en las categorías planteadas por Daniel Prieto Castillo (indicación, exhortación, explicación y valoración, vinculadas a la situación personal que vivieron los exiliados y su ingreso al país.Resultados: la inserción de los chilenos exiliados a la sociedad mexicana, tras el golpe de Estado de Augusto Pinochet en Chile, fue favorecida por la política de asilo del gobierno mexicano y el ejercicio del poder “de facto” de María Esther Zuno. La resignificación de los testimonios destacaron la explicación y la valoración de dos coyunturas históricas destacadas: una institucional (la política de asilo de México) y una personal (la política del poder de facto de la señora Zuno).Conclusiones: aunado a la política de asilo del gobierno mexicano hubo un discurso de solidaridad hacia los chilenos. La política de asilo del gobierno mexicano fundamentado en las Convenciones signatario, constituyó un elemento fundamental en el ingreso de los chilenos que se exiliaron en México.
ФОРМУВАННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ: МЕТОДИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Веретенникова Ганна Борисівна
Published: August 2018

The article provides insights into the problem of selecting an effective company competitive strategy in modern market realia. It is proved that company development policy must rely on the implementation of science-based management decisions in every functional area of business which take into consideration a range of impact factors of both external and internal environment. The study findings reveal that by using its opportunities efficiently and preventing threats, an enterprise can reduce its financial costs to implement relevant marketing strategies. Particular emphasis is placed on the need to keep track of competitors’ behaviour and mindful selection and implementation of sound competitive strategies aimed at achieving greater economic benefits and boosting the number of loyal customers. The research objective is to provide theoretical substantiation and enhance the methodological support for choosing a competitive strategy with due regard to company opportunities and capacity along with its market security. The proposed methodological approach to building a competitive strategy assumes identification of company position in the matrix, the positioning criteria for which are its market security and the selected priority component of the company competitive advantage. The choice of priority component should be based on the analysis of competitive advantages by each of their structural elements. Using the matrix for selecting competitive strategies involves the analysis of alternatives to the company long-term marketing strategy within each quadrant and allows for bottleneck detection in business operations.
Efektivitas penyuluhan kesehatan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kader posyandu tentang pencegahan pneumonia pada balita
Authors: Sidiq Rapitos
Published: August 2018

Kejadian Pneumonia pada balita masih menjadi permasalahan di dunia termasuk Indonesia. Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi kejadian penyakit ini, baik faktor lingkungan maupun perilaku manusia. Salah satu uapaya yang dilakukan untuk pencegahan penyakit ini adalah dengan peningkatan peran kader posyandu untuk kegiatan promotif dan preventif termasuk mempromosikan perilaku pencarian pertolongan kesehatan dan perawatan balita di rumah, sehingga setiap kader dituntut mengetahui tentang pencegahan pneumonia tersebut. Secara umu penelitian ini ingin melihat efektivitas penyuluhan kesehatan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kader posyandu tentang pencegahan penyakit pneumonia pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Darul Kamal Tahun 2017. Penelitian menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-postest design. Jumlah sampel penelitian 30 orang. Uji statistic yang digunakan paired t-tes tingkat kemaknaan (α) 0,05 (5%). Penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai pengetahuan kader sebelum dan sesudah intervensi adalah 27,17:29,00 dengan p-value 0,003 (< 0,05). Penyuluhan kesehatan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kader posyandu tentang pencegahan penyakit pneumoniaKata kunci:   Penyuluhan kesehatan, pengetahuan, kader posyandu, pneumonia, balita  ABSTRACTThe incidence of pneumonia in a toddler is still a problem in the world including Indonesia. Many factors caused the incidence of this disease, both environmental factors, and human behavior. One of the efforts undertaken for the prevention of this disease is by increasing the role of Health Post cadres for promotive and preventive activities including promoting health-seeking behavior and home toddler care so that each cadre is required to know about the prevention of pneumonia. In general, this research would like to see the effectiveness of health counseling in increasing the knowledge of health pos cadres on prevention of pneumonia disease in under-five children in the work area of Puskesmas Darul Kamal 2017. The study used quasi-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. The sample size is 30 people. Test statistic used paired t-test significance level (α) 0.05 (5%). This study yields cadre knowledge value before and after intervention is 27,17: 29,00 with p-value 0,003 (<0,05). Health counseling is effective in increasing knowledge of cadres about prevention of pneumonia disease.Keywords: Health counseling, knowledge, cadres, pneumonia, toddler
Pengaruh perilaku ibu tentang program STBM terhadap kejadian diare pada balita
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal
Published: August 2018

Penyakit diare masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Kebijakan Strategi Nasional STBM merupakan suatu strategi percepatan untuk mencapai target MDGs ke-7. STBM sebagai  aksi terpadu untuk menurunkan angka kejadian diare dan meningkatkan higienitas dan kualitas kehidupan masyarakat yang optimal. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain Case-control Study dilakukan secara deskriptif analitik, dilakukan pada wilayah Puskesmas Darul Imarah dengan sampel yaitu balita sebanyak 66 orang dan terbagi dalam kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi meliputi perilaku STBM dan kejadian diare. Analisis statisik yaitu chi-square dengan CI:95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan signifikan antara tindakan ibu tentang STBM dengan kejadian diare pada balita (p-value = 0,021), dimana balita yang mengalami diare sebesar 3,6 kali disebabkan oleh tindakan ibu yang kurang baik dibandingkan ibu yang mempunyai tindakan yang baik tentang STBM. Kesimpulan, bahwa kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Darul Imarah disebakan kurang baiknya tindakan tentang STBM. Saran, sosialisasi dan penyuluhan mengenai program STBM yang diadakan oleh instansi pemerintah dan menerapkannya.Kata kunci:   Perilaku, STBM, diare Diarrheal disease is still a health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. The national strategy of community-based sanitation is an acceleration strategy to achieve the 7th MDG targets. It's an integrated action to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and improve hygiene and quality of community life is optimal. This quantitative research using Case-control Study design is done by analytical descriptive, conducted at Darul Imarah Puskesmas area with a sample of toddler counted 66 people and divided into case and control group. Data collection through interviews and observations included it behavior and diarrhea events. Static analysis is chi-square with CI: 95%. The result of the study showed a significant correlation between mother's action on community-based sanitation and diarrhea incidence in under-five children (p-value = 0,021), where children under five years experienced diarrhea 3.6 times due to poor mother's activity compared to mothers who had good actions about sanitation. The conclusion, that the incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in the work area of Puskesmas Darul Imarah caused less good action about STBM. Suggestion, socialization, and counseling about community-based sanitation program held by the government institution and apply it.Keywords: Behavior, community-based sanitation, diarrhea
The Master Plan and the Future of California Higher Education: Assessing the Impact of State Policy on Minority-Serving Institutions
Authors: Boland William Casey , Gasman Marybeth , Nguyen Thai-Huy , Castro Samayoa Andrés
Published: August 2018

Many argue that the California Master Plan for Higher Education is no longer effective in meeting the needs of students. This policy analysis assesses the impact of California higher education policy on the state’s community colleges that are considered minority-serving institutions (MSIs). Using longitudinal data to determine how the metrics have changed over time, we focus on three public policies that are manifestations of the master plan: (1) transfer between the California Community Colleges and California State University segments, (2) state funding for each segment, and (3) enrollment quotas for the California State University and University of California segments. We assess enrollment, finance, transfer, persistence, and completion measures to answer our primary research questions. While we find challenges for MSI students advancing to the completion of a 4-year degree, our findings also demonstrate that MSI community colleges can encourage minority student retention and associate’s degree and certificate completion. By centering MSIs in the state policy context, this study brings to light the growing interrelated relationship between federal and state efforts to reduce racial inequality in higher education.
Studi Literatur Penerapan Scrum Framework untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pembuatan Software
Authors: Fadllullah Arif
Published: August 2018

Agile method is a method of software development management that comes in response to criticism of the waterfall method. This method is widely applied in large-scale software companies, because of its superiority that emphasizes service oriented rather than waterfall approach. One of the frameworks of the agile method is Scrum. Scrum is a framework that focuses on software development management on developer team performance as a single unit that works together indivisibly, iteration of product items, product incremental, and collaboration with customers. In Scrum, product requirements are flexible because they are not exhaustive at the start of a project, but at each iteration, because customers generally difficult to express their needs explicitly. However, how does Scrum's effectiveness improve software productivity? In this paper, we propose a literature study about SCRUM implementation of some articles that considers resources, cost, time, and system complexity for minimizing software development problems. The results had proven that Scrum could improve software productivity, but with some challenges, such as how to organize team skills, cultural constraints and scenarios of different companies, including communication problems between teams that are often constrained because of the large number of teams and teams scattered in multiple locations.
The Social Shapes Test: A New Measure of Social Intelligence, Mentalizing, and Theory of Mind
Authors: Brown Matt , Ratajska Adrianna , Hughes Shannon , Fishman Julie B. , Huerta Elisa , Chabris Christopher
Published: August 2018

Although individual differences in the ability known as social intelligence, mentalizing, and Theory of Mind are important in social psychology, clinical psychology, organizational psychology, and other areas of psychological science, there are few validated measures of this capacity. Existing measures often involve complex verbal materials, focus on images of human faces, or are based on self-report judgments of one’s own competence. Here we describe the development and validation of a new measure of social intelligence: the Social Shapes Test (SST). The SST is inspired by the seminal work of Heider and Simmel (1944), Klin (2000), and recent applications of their work in social and clinical neuroscience studies of mentalizing and Theory of Mind. Each SST item consists of a short, silent video of 4–6 simple geometric shapes that are animated to simulate human social interactions, paired with an objectively scored, multiple-choice question. Based on three waves of validation studies, SST scores predict incremental validity in socioemotional ability beyond the effects of general cognitive abilities. Factor analysis results also indicate that SST scores are distinct from verbal ability, cognitive reflection, and abstract reasoning. SST scores are also less confounded by verbal ability compared to similar socioemotional measures and do not appear to vary based on sex, race/ethnicity, or current affect. With just 23 engaging items and a duration of about 10 minutes, the SST is a quick and easy way for researchers to measure social intelligence, alone or in combination with other established measures.
Opportunities for Agricultural Producers to Participate in Compliance and Voluntary Carbon Markets
Authors: Smith Jack , Parkhurst Robert T.
Published: August 2018

The agricultural sector’s potential for carbon offset generation is widely recognized, but few offset protocols in North American compliance or voluntary markets have successfully generated large volumes of offset credits. Here we use the Rice Cultivation Projects Compliance Offset Protocol—which has generated no offsets since its adoption by the California Air Resources Board in 2015—as a case study to examine barriers to agricultural offset generation. These barriers, which include small projects; low emissions reduction potential; complex emissions quantification; complex, non-standardized data management; and high verification costs, apply to many unproductive agricultural offset protocols and present an opportunity for additional policy action. By examining other protocols in North America’s compliance and voluntary offset markets, we identify design elements that can overcome these barriers and facilitate offset generation. These elements include standardized, technology-aided data management; streamlined emissions quantification methods such as emissions factors or N-balance; and project bundling.
Avaliação comportamental de um caso de tricotilomania em uma adolescente
Authors: Richartz Marisa , Zazula Robson , Gon Marcia Cristina Caserta
Published: August 2018

Objetivou-se realizar uma avaliação comportamental em uma adolescente com tricotilomania, que se caracteriza por ser uma perda capilar em pessoas que arrancam cabelo ou pelos. Participaram do estudo uma adolescente e sua mãe. A mãe respondeu aos seguintes instrumentos: Roteiro de entrevista para pais e/ou cuidadores, Inventário de comportamentos para crianças e adolescentes entre 6 e 18 anos (CBCL/ 6-18) e Inventário de estilos parentais (IEP). A adolescente respondeu aos seguintes instrumentos: Roteiro de entrevista para adolescente, Inventário de autoavaliação para adolescentes de 11 a 18 anos (YSR) e Inventário de habilidades sociais para adolescentes (IHSA). Constatou-se que o comportamento de tricotilomania apresenta consequências reforçadoras e punitivas e que a adolescente apresenta deficit de repertório social e problemas afetivos, de ansiedade e problemas de transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo. Sugerese a realização de novos estudos sobre a relação entre práticas parentais e a tricotilomania.
Classes de comportamentos da atuação analítico-comportamental sobre comportamentos depressivos identificadas em literatura
Authors: El Horr de Moraes Patricia , Gomes de Luca Gabriel
Published: August 2018

A atuação de um psicoterapeuta é constituída por um conjunto de classes comportamentais que envolvem caracterizar necessidades de intervenção, planejar, executar, avaliar e aperfeiçoar intervenção e comunicar descobertas. Foi objetivo identificar classes de comportamentos da atuação profissional de um terapeuta analítico-comportamental ao intervir em comportamentos depressivos em contexto clínico. Foram selecionadas três fontes de informação (dois artigos e um capítulo de livro) e oito etapas foram realizadas para identificar, nessa literatura, tais classes de comportamentos e classificá-las conforme as classes gerais de uma intervenção profissional. Foram propostas 399 classes de comportamentos, 98% delas constituinte das classes gerais “Caracterizar necessidades”, “Planejar intervenção” e “Executar intervenção”. A proposição das classes de comportamentos aumenta a probabilidade de desenvolvimento delas em contextos formais de ensino. A falta de representatividade de outras classes gerais sugere necessidade de produção de conhecimento a respeito dos processos que as constituem.
Análise funcional da permanência das mulheres nos relacionamentos abusivos: Um estudo prático
Authors: Pereira Daniely Cristina de Souza , Camargo Vanessa Silva , Aoyama Patricia Cristina Novaki
Published: August 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar as possíveis variáveis que afetam a permanência da mulher em relacionamentos abusivos. Sabe-se que mais da metade das mulheres que já sofreram algum tipo de violência não denunciaram seus agressores, algumas inclusive permanecem no relacionamento. Para conhecimento dessa realidade, foi realizada pesquisa de campo por meio de entrevista semidirigida com três mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica. Para análise e compreensão desse contexto, utilizou-se o referencial analítico-comportamental. Como resultados, foram identificadas contingências mantenedoras para a permanência no relacionamento abusivo, sendo elas: a esperança sobre a mudança de comportamento do parceiro, dependência financeira, emocional, preocupação com a criação dos filhos, falta de rede de apoio e passividade.
Factores pronósticos de mortalidad en niños con bacteriemias adquiridas en la comunidad (BAC) hospitalizados en un centro de referencia del Paraguay
Authors: Araya Soraya , Troche Avelina , Amarilla Sara , Sanabria Gabriela , Zarate Claudia , Galeano Fernando , Benitez Rocío , López Sandra , Irala Juan , Apodaca Silvio , Arbo Antonio
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Identificar etiologìa de BAC y factores pronósticos de mortalidad. Estudio r

 

Material y Método: etrospectivo de BAC en pacientes de 29 días a 16 años hospitalizados en un Centro de Referencia del Paraguay, periodo 2007 a 2015, se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y laboratoriales categorizando a los pacientes según el desenlace (Vivos o Muertos).

 

Resultados: 187 casos de BAC , edad media 40 + 35 meses, M/F 1,4:1, edad < 1 año: 30,5% (57/187), 1 a 4 años 49,2% (92/187), 5 a 10 años 15,5% (29/187) y > 10 años 4,8 % (9/187).

 

Diagnósticos de ingreso: Neumonía (78%), Infección de Piel y Partes Blandas (9%), Infección a Múltiples focos (7%), Meningitis (3,7%) Bacteriemia sin foco 2%. Las bacteriemias por Gram Positivos fueron más frecuentes que las bacteriemias por Gram Negativos: 91,4 vs 8,6% (p<0,05), aislamientos: S.pneumoniae, S.aureus, S.coagulasa negativo (2/2) y K. pneumoniae (46 %, 34%, 7,5% y 2%). Ingresaron a UCI 63 pacientes (33,7%), mortalidad 16,5 %. Variables asociadas a mortalidad: Edad <5 años (p<0,05), Desnutrición (p=0,02, RR= 2,4, IC95%: 1,1-5), Infección a múltiples focos(p=0,002, RR=3,2, IC 95%: 1,6-6,4), Choque p<0,001, RR19, IC95%:7,8-46), Glasgow <12 (p<0,001, RR=5,5, IC 95% :3,2-9,6), Sat O2 < 94% (p=0,007, RR 2, IC95%: 1,1-4) , Hb< 7 (p<0,01, RR: 11, IC95%: 6,8 a 19), GB > 15000, plaquetas < 100 000 (p<0,001, RR=4,4, IC95%: 2,4- 7,8), Bacteriemia por Gram  Positivos (p=0,001, RR=4,9, IC 95%: 1,5-15).

 

Conclusión: En niños con BAC son más frecuentes las bacteriemias por Gram positivos. Se identificaron factores pronósticos de mortalidad

 

Conflicto de interés: Los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de interés.

Recibido: 21/03/2018. Aceptado: 28/04/2018.
Percepción materna de los signos, síntomas de alarma y creencias populares sobre el cuidado y las enfermedades neonatales en el departamento de emergencias pediátricas
Authors: Martínez Nadia , Mesquita Mirta , Pavlicich Viviana
Published: August 2018

Introducción: La percepción materna de los signos de alarma y las creencias populares influyen en el cuidado de los neonatos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir la percepción materna de los signos de alarma y las creencias culturales relacionadas al cuidado del neonato.

 

Material y Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo. Previo consentimiento informado se realizó una entrevista, con preguntas abiertas y cerradas a madres de neonatos con nivel de prioridad de la atención II y III en el Departamento de emergencias pediátricas (DEP).

 

Variables: Edad materna, escolaridad, procedencia, paridad, edad del neonato, antecedente de haber estado hospitalizado, motivo de la consulta, orientaciones sobre los cuidados neonatales, concepto de fiebre, signos de enfermedad grave y las llamadas enfermedades culturales. Los datos fueron procesados en SPSS v21 utilizando estadísticas descriptivas.

 

Resultados: Se encuestó a 100 madres, la mayoría procedente del departamento Central, con estudios secundarios y más de la mitad era primíparas. El 63% definió correctamente la fiebre. Solo el 25% recibió orientación sobre los cuidados del neonato por personal sanitario. El 90% reconoció la fiebre como signo de alarma. El 25 % manifestó creer en las llamadas enfermedades culturales. El 40% de los neonatos usaba ombliguero, y el 51% llevaba una cinta roja atada a la muñeca como medida de protección contra el mal.

 

Conclusiones: La mayoría de las madres tuvo una adecuada percepción de al menos 2 signos de alarma Un cuarto de estas mujeres creía en las enfermedades culturales y más de la mitad de sus neonatos tenía amuletos contra el mal.

 

Conflicto de Interés: Los autores declararan que no poseer conflicto de interés

Recibido: 18/04/2018. Aceptado: 27/04/2018
BALKAN GAZETESİNİN YAZAR VE OKUR KÖŞESİNDEN BULGARİSTAN TÜRKLERİNİN SORUNLARI (1906-1908)
Authors: DÜZCÜ Levent
Published: August 2018

Bulgaristan sınırları içinde yaşayan Türklerin 1906-

1908 yılları arasında ne gibi sorunları olabilir? 1908 yılı

Bulgaristan’ın Osmanlı’dan kesin olarak kopuşunu ifade

etmektedir. Tam da bu tarihten iki yıl önce Filibe’de çıkan

bir Jön Türk gazetesi olan Balkan’dan hareketle ülkede ya-

şayan Müslüman Türklerin sorunları üzerine eğilmek istedik.

Elimizde öne çıkan veri kaynağı, Balkan gazetesinde

yayımlanan hem başyazar Edhem Ruhi’nin yazıları hem de

gazeteye yazı gönderen okurların mektuplarıdır. Gerek

Edhem Ruhi’nin yazılarına gerekse okur mektuplarına

ciddi bir şekilde eğildiğimizde gördüğümüz manzara beklediğimizden

çok farklıdır. Edhem Ruhi ve okurlar gazetede,

sorun olarak daha çok Müslüman toplumun iç problemlerini

merkeze almıştır. Öne çıkan sorunlar ise şunlardır:

Partizanlık, müftüler, mektepler, vakıflar. Ancak bu

sorunların her biri bir diğeri ile yakından ilgilidir. Bu da

sorunların daha karmaşık ve girift bir hâle gelmesine sebep

olmuştur.