bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nevâbitten Bir Mütekellim: Dırâr b. ʿAmr -Yeni İlm-i Kelâm İçin Bir Prototip-
Authors: İBİŞ Fatih
Published: December 2021

Dırâr b. ʿAmr hicri ikinci asrın en önemli mütekellimi olmasına rağmen maalesef kelâm tarihinde hakkı verilmeyen isimlerden biri olarak yerini almıştır. Dırâr son zamanlara kadar gerek Türkçe gerekse yabancı dilde neşredilen kelâmî yayınlarda ismine çok az atıf yapılan, önemi ve konumu hâlâ fark edilmemiş bir mütekellimdir. Nitekim ünlü şarkiyatçılardan Josef van Ess ve W. Montgomery Watt bu trajik gerçeği görmüşler ve çalışmalarıyla bu eksikliği bir nebze de olsa gidermeye çalışmışlardır. Dırâr derken biz Aristoteles’in cevher-araz teorisine reddiye yazan, arazlara dayalı varlık anlayışıyla yeni bir varlık görüşü ortaya atan, kesb nazariyesiyle Eş‘ârî’ye, kelâm birikimiyle Ebü’l-Hüzeyl el-Allâf’a öncülük yapan özgün bir entelektüelden bahsediyoruz. Dırâr’ı önemli kılan hususların başında kuşkusuz İslâm düşünce tarihi açısından ikinci asır gibi erken bir tarihte çağını aşan ve çağdaşlarıyla ters düşmesine neden olan görüşlere sahip olması gelir. Henüz tam manasıyla ana akım mezheplerin oluşmadığı, teşekkül arefesinde bulundukları bir dönemde Dırâr, biri dışında günümüze ulaşmayan eser listesine bakıldığında karşılaştığı, tanıdığı İslâm içi ve dışı akımlarla genellikle eleştirel bir diyalog içinde olmuştur. Bu nedenle onu döneminde adı geçen herhangi bir dinî fırka içine yerleştirmek ve bir fırka üzerinden değerlendirmek neredeyse imkânsızdır. Zira o çoğu zaman pek çok meselede başkalarının fikirlerinin değil, kendi fikirlerinin peşinden yürümeyi tercih etmiştir. Doğal olarak bu da Dırâr’ı belirli bir ekol içine yerleştirmeyi zorlaştırmakta ve onu her türlü bağdan azade kılmaktadır. Evet, kaynaklarda Dırâr’la ilgili Mu‘tezilî olduğundan Cehmî/Cebrî olduğuna, habis fikirlere sahip bir bidatçı olduğundan kellesine ödül koyulacak denli tehlikeli bir kâfir olduğuna değin pek çok iddia, itham ve iftirayla karşılaşıyoruz. Bunların niçinini anlamak Dırâr’ı tanımaya, fikirlerini ortaya koymaya, durduğu konumu saptamaya bağlıdır. Çalışmamız bağlamında söyleyecek olursak gerçekte Dırâr’ın konumu bir konumsuzluk halidir ki biz bu durumu yeni bir yorum içinde en iyi ifade eden kavramın “nevâbit” olduğunu düşünüyoruz. İncelememiz neticesinde bir isim müstesna hem kelâmda hem felsefede nevâbitin olumsuz içerik ve çağrışıma sahip bir kavram olarak kullanıldığını görüyoruz. İstisnaya mevzu kişi İbn Rüşd’ün çağdaşı, Endülüslü meşhur feylesof İbn Bâcce’dir. Kelâmda Mu‘tezile mütekellimleri nevâbiti; aklı, dirayeti ikinci plana atan nakil, rivayet eksenli çizgiyi benimseyen Ehl-i Hadis, Haşviyye gibi zümreleri aşağılamak için kullanırlarken felsefede Fârâbî kurguladığı Erdemli Şehir (el-Medînetü’l-fâdıla) içindeki arıza tipleri, hastalıklı karakterleri tanımlamada kullanır. Bunlardan ayrışan İbn Bâcce ise kendi projesi içinde nevâbit denilen kimseleri “tedbir”ini amaçladığı “mütevahhid”le (yalnız insan) eşdeğer görür, ki bu kullanım kavramın araştırmadaki bağlamıyla örtüşür. Zira araştırmamızda nevâbit bir kimlik değil, bir karakterin temsili olarak ele alınmıştır.
Opening Doors to Open Digital Practice for Educators: The Open Page Project
Authors: Stewart Bonnie , Baker Nick
Published: December 2021

This paper outlines the design and purpose of an open educational resource (OER) project focused on developing digital literacies and open educational practice (OEP) within a Canadian Faculty of Education. Called The Open Page, the project features a Tool Parade of videos and podcasts created with and by Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) students). Designed to enable students to build critical and participatory digital literacies with common classroom tools, and to encourage the development of OEP, the project assesses classroom uses of specific educational technology platforms. It also engaged student creators in analysis of various platforms' implications for student data and for differentiated learning. Featured on the University of Windsor Faculty of Education's website, The Open Page and its Tool Parade of OER offer professional development resources for faculty and practicing teachers and contributes to a common conversation about digital learning between educators at all levels. This paper will overview The Open Page and its creation, and the ways in which it represents an effort to focus pre-service teachers on the participatory and production capacities of the web for digital learning.
Blending Pedagogies in Higher Education
Authors: Namukasa Immaculate Kizito
Published: December 2021

This paper presents analysis of evidence on the ways in which the connection between technology and scholarship supported a Community of Practice (CoP) for instructors in a Faculty of Education in Canada. The goal is to reflect on different types of pedagogical practices of CoP members. We discuss the ways in which both social learning and online technology were harnessed to support professional learning. We based the analysis on notions of collective learning and Bandura’s (1986) social cognitive theory that inform studies on professional development. The main unit of analysis is the learning community (Wenger, 1998). CoP members jointly analyzed data from aggregated questionnaires, anonymized notes, and audio and textual recordings of selected meetings, resources archived and follow-up reflection by CoP members. The results showed that four pedagogies were most highly ascribed by CoP members: Culturally Responsive Pedagogies (11.63%; e.g., caring pedagogies, Healing, Global Transformative and Reconciliatory pedagogies), Hands-on and Digital Pedagogies (11.63%; e.g., Maker Education and Materiality pedagogies), Story Telling Pedagogies (13.95%; e.g., Deep, Imaginative, Surprise, Participatory, Story Telling and Learners as Curriculum Makers pedagogies), and 21st Century Teaching (16.28%; e.g., Blended, Digital and Online pedagogies). The findings provide evidence that there is potential in harnessing digital technology for social learning environments within the context of faculty responding to changing higher education institutional factors, including those motivated by the neoliberal management culture.
Opening the Online Homework System: Toward Cooperation and Collaboration
Authors: Pearson Douglas , Easton Allen
Published: December 2021

One of the core tensions in open educational practice in current mathematics and physical science coursework is the use of online homework systems. Many such tools are from commercial providers and have profit to that provider as a motive. Open resources are pursued by those who, for reasons of cost or of pedagogy, seek to resist the tools of commercial providers. This pursuit is frequently made outside of the context of discussions of open educational practices; indeed, the first author of this presentation describes one such effort that started before he was even aware of open education as a discipline. It is important to ask how those faculty, particularly in the mathematics and physical science disciplines at non-elite institutions, assign homework in ways that encourage practice and skill-building, and more broadly, how such content can be shared more robustly and completely among faculty at different institutions.
Open Learning Experience Bingo
Authors: Angell Nate , Gunder Angela
Published: December 2021

Definitions of openness and open education abound, but with so many, how can we use them effectively to explore the openness of assignments, activities, classes, or programs? Open Learning Experience Bingo is a game that a group of collaborators have created to give people a way to surface and discuss the many different ways that educational experiences can “open” beyond traditional practices. Each bingo card includes boxes containing possible “ingredients” in a learning experience, and radiating from the center of each box, “dimensions” of openness along which an ingredient might be opened. You “play” bingo by reading or hearing about a learning experience and marking areas on the bingo card that you think the experience opens. The game incorporates broad concepts of openness and seeks not to measure the openness of learning experiences, but to identify and spark discussion about areas in which experiences are opening — or might be opened further. As artifacts, completed bingo cards display a sort of “heat map” of openness that can be used to compare and contrast bingo evaluations of various learning experiences.
Editorial – A Brief Guide to Author Self-Promotion
Authors: Choynowski Emily
Published: December 2021

Please download the article PDF or view it in HTML.
Effects of Curcumin on Iron Overload in Rats
Authors: Özbolat Gülüzar , Alizadeh Yegani Arash
Published: December 2021

Background: Iron overload, common in patients with hematological disorders, is a key target in drug development. This study investigated the effects of curcumin on iron overload in rats.
Methods: Forty male Wistar rats weighing 139.78 ± 11.95 gm (Mean ± SD) were divided into three equal groups: (i) controls; (ii) iron overload group that received six doses of iron dextran 1000 mg/kg–1 by intraperitoneal injections (i.p.); and (iii) iron overload curcumin group that received six doses of curcumin (1000 mg/kg BW by i.p.).  In addition to six doses of iron dextran 1000 mg/kg–1 by i.p., we studied the effects of curcumin on liver function enzymes (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]); antioxidant enzymes (malondialdehyde [MDA], total oxidant status [TOS], total antioxidant status [TAS]); hematological parameters (hemoglobin [Hb], hematocrit [Hct], red blood cells [RBC], white blood cells [WBC], mean corpus volume [MCV], mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH], mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC]); and iron parameters (serum iron profile, transferrin, total iron-binding capacity [TIBC], ferritin, and transferrin saturation [TS%]).
Results: Curcumin caused a significant decrease in the Hct and Hb concentrations in Group III (P < 0.05). It also significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT (52.45 ± 4.51 vs 89.58 ± 4.65 U/L) and AST (148.03 ± 6.47 vs 265.27 ± 13.02 U/L) at the end of the study (P < 0.05). The TIBC, transferrin levels, and TS significantly decreased when the rats were administered curcumin serum iron (P < 0.05). The TAS level significantly increased in Group III in comparison to Group I (the control group) (P < 0.05). At the end of the study, curcumin significantly reduced the serum levels of TOS (12.03 ± 2.8 vs 16.95 ± 5.05 mmol H2O2/L) while the TAS (1.98 ± 0.42 vs 1.06 ± 0.33 mmol Trolox equiv./L) was increased.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest the therapeutic potential of curcumin against iron overload.
Practice and Perception of Radiographers on the Positioning Techniques of Erect Lateral Cervical Spine Radiography in Non-trauma Adult Patients
Authors: Weerakoon B.S. , Karunaratne I.G.N.N.K. , Jayasundara .M.W.S.
Published: December 2021

Background: The visualization of the lower cervical spine (C-spine), including the C7-T1 junction on lateral radiograph is a challenge due to the overlapping of the shoulder girdle. Therefore, the radiographers have adapted different positioning strategies to overcome this challenge. This study explores the current practice and perception of radiographers on positioning techniques of erect lateral cervical spine radiography in non-trauma adult patients.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted with a self-administered, structured questionnaire distributed among 50 radiographers working in four selected hospitals in Sri Lanka.
Results: The radiographers used weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing positioning techniques for the erect lateral C-spine radiography. Most of them employed the standing breath-holding technique for image acquisition with or without exertion. While 54% of the radiographers utilized two water-filled cans during the weight-bearing technique, 82% used holding arms back with the shoulders down and pulling as low as possible in the non-weight-bearing technique. In addition, 88% of the radiographers believed that the weight-bearing position could increase the visibility of the C-spine. Almost all the radiographers (100%) stated that correct positioning instruction could improve the visibility of the C-spine.
Conclusion: Radiographers have mainly used two positioning techniques of weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing for erect lateral C-spine radiography for non-trauma adult patients. In addition, most radiographers had a positive attitude toward the weight-bearing technique in the evaluation of lateral C-spine. These results highlight the importance of conducting studies to evaluate the effectiveness of the weight-bearing technique in erect lateral C-spine radiography.
Frequency of Insulin Resistance in People with Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: Abdalla Elwali Shaza , I Abdelaziz Sulaf
Published: December 2021

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is an endocrine disorder with a recognized association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thyroid hormones have a remarkable effect on glucose metabolism and can cause insulin resistance (IR). This study was aimed at assessing the relationship between IR and thyroid dysfunction.
Methods: This case–control study was conducted at the endocrinology outpatient clinics of Ibrahim Malik Hospital and Omdurman Military Hospital in Khartoum State, Sudan between May 2018 and January 2019. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin level, and thyroid function test (TFT) were measured for each candidate and IR was estimated using the HOMA-IR equation.
Results: Thirty-one patients with thyroid dysfunction and fifty-seven control participants were enrolled. The highest mean FBG was found among cases (105.3 ± 15.7 mg/dl) compared to the controls (97 ± 12.1 mg/dl), but the difference was not statistically significant (P-value = 0.598). The mean fasting insulin level was 9.22 ± 4 IU/ml in the cases and 9.4 ± 4.2 IU/ml in controls, without a significant difference (P-value = 0.681). The highest HOMA-IR score was found among cases (2.4 ± 1.2). It was 2.4 ± 1.3 in hyperthyroidism, 2.3 ± 1.1 in hypothyroidism, and 2.4 ± 1.2 in controls, and the difference was insignificant (P-value = 0.859). IR was higher in the cases (58.1%) compared to the controls (52.6%) but again not statistically significant (P-value = 0.396). Among cases, IR was encountered in 61.9% and 50% of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients, respectively.
Conclusion: Patients with thyroid dysfunction have some level of IR that was not statistically significant when compared with controls.
THE FRONTER AND IT’S COMPONENTS IN HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Nikichuk Viktoria
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to define the concept of the frontier and its components in the historical geography of Ukraine. The concept of FJ Turner's frontier was substantiated in the researches of Ukrainian historians M. Hrushevskyі, S. Rudnytsky, and J. Dashkevych. The source base of the study consists of scientific and cartographic works of historians and geographers. Several aspects of the spatial representation of the frontier are considered – directly in the name "Ukraine", which was identified with the peripheral land and as an integral part of the Ukrainian lands – the Black Sea, the Wild Field, Sloboda Ukraine. It is established that the concept of the frontier as a border or border strip can be considered in the context of the problems of historical geography, and the Ukrainian lands are at the intersection of different border contact zones. The frontier plays a significant role in shaping the ethnic composition of the population, as the contact zone of different ethnic groups is usually formed in such frontline or border areas. A peculiar phenomenon in the context of this concept is part of the Southern Ukrainian territory – Budjak. The opinion is substantiated that the majority of the Ukrainian territory is considered to be a zone of continuous historicalgeographical and chronological frontier.
Optimization and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal Production from Aseptic Tetra Pak Food Packaging Waste
Authors: AKGÜN Damla , OVA ÖZCAN Duygu , ÖVEZ Bikem
Published: December 2021

Cellulose fibers were extracted from the recycled Tetra Pak aseptic food package wastes, and high value-added cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were produced by the acidic hydrolysis. At the optimum H2SO4 concentration of 25% w, the whiteness index of CNC obtained at 30 °C for 30 min CNC was 84.42%, while it was 56.00% for 50 °C for 60 min CNC. The effects of temperature and time on the hydrolysis yield were optimized by the Central Composite Design and the maximum yield was determined at the condition where the temperature was high and the time was the lowest. The physical and structural properties of different CNCs were investigated using several characterization techniques. The FTIR and TGA analyses of the CNCs obtained at different temperatures and times showed similar spectra and degradation temperatures with each other, respectively. The crystallinity index of alkaline-treated cellulose calculated from the XRD patterns was much lower than those of all of the CNCs. According to AFM measurements and SEM micrographs, it was confirmed that as the temperature and time increased, the diameters of the CNCs were reduced. The lowest diameter value was measured as 175 nm at 50 °C for 60 min CNC, whereas, on the other hand, the highest diameter value was measured as 403 nm at 30 °C for 30 min CNC.
The influence of milk-clotting enzymes on the lipid composition and organoleptic properties of semi-matured cheeses
Authors: García Torres Angélica María , Usgame Fagua Karen Gineth , Rojas Morales Carlos Iván , Medina Vargas Oscar Julio
Published: December 2021

The milk-clotting enzymes used in the production of semi-matured and matured cheeses, can influence the metabolic processes that occur during maturation. This study evaluated the impact of recombinant chymosin and microbial enzymes on the lipid composition and organoleptic properties of Paipa Cheese, a semi-mature artisan Colombian product. The lactic acid bacteria content in milk and Paipa cheese, the coagulant and lipolytic activity of the enzymes, the lipid composition as well as the lipid profile of the product, total free fatty acids, and sensory analysis were evaluated. The results indicated a greater lipolysis in cheeses made with microbial clotting enzymes which were associated with a greater lipolytic activity and a greater perception of acidic, rancid, and soapy flavors. Nevertheless, panelists preferred cheese prepared using recombinant chymosin, with lower lipolysis and lipolytic activity. Regardless of the type of protein precipitant that can be used in the elaboration of semi-matured and matured cheeses, Paipa cheese had a high content of saturated fatty acids and omega 3, 6, and 9; which accounted for the organoleptic and nutritional characteristics, which could favorably impact its commercial activity.
Propóleos de Nariño: Propiedades fisicoquímicas y actividad biológica
Authors: Salamanca Grosso Guillermo , Osorio-Tangarife Mónica Patricia , Cabrera Moncayo Jesus Antonio
Published: December 2021

El propóleo, es un producto natural de consistencia resinosa y cauchosa elaborado por las abejas a partir de exudaciones de plantas. En este trabajo se caracterizaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas, atributos sensoriales y actividad biológica de extractos etanólicos de propóleo de tres diferentes zonas biogeográficas del departamento de Nariño. Muestras de propóleo crudo beneficiados de cada región fueron comparadas, y sus extractos alcohólicos fueron evaluados a través de métodos de separación y técnicas de espectroscopía. La actividad biológica fue evaluada usando cepas bacterianas de Staphylococcus aureus y Escherichia coli. Los análisis cromatográficos revelaron la presencia de metabolitos secundarios con actividad biológica frente a las bacterias estudiadas. Los espectros de infrarrojo y los cromatogramas, exhibieron diferencias entre las  muestras, identificados como tipo -O y -B. La fracción fenólica, presentó diferencias significativas para flavonas y flavonoles. Los índices de oxidación fueron inferiores a 5 segundos. En relación a los extractos etanólicos evaluados, éstos mostraron una mayor sensibilidad sobre S. aureus en la técnica de Kirby-Bauer. La investigación realizada aporta al estudio y caracterización de propóleos de esta zona colombiana, ampliando el conocimiento sobre productos de origen natural.
Um recorte histórico das contribuições de Erwin Schrödinger para a Mecânica Quântica
Authors: Souza Rafaelle da Silva
Published: December 2021

Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961) foi um físico austríaco, um grande cientista que viveu em um contexto europeu de mudança e turbulência, mas isso não o impediu de ter uma vida muito intensa, tanto em sua pesquisa científica quanto em sua vida pessoal. Seu trabalho mais famoso, publicado em 1926, inclui sua teoria da mecânica ondulatória, no qual consta a famosa equação que tem hoje o seu nome. Ele mostrou que a equação funcionava adequadamente para calcular os níveis de energia do átomo de hidrogênio. Em outros trabalhos, publicados no mesmo período, mostrou outras aplicações designadas ao oscilador harmônico e uma generalização para o caso dependente do tempo. Sua dedicação aos sistemas quânticos lhe rendeu o Prêmio Nobel em 1933. É sobre esse homem fascinante e complexo que se apresenta um recorte histórico com potencial para atrair não apenas os cientistas, mas qualquer pessoa interessada na história de nossos tempos, na vida e no pensamento de um dos maiores cientistas do século XX. O presente artigo nasceu do fato de que, embora muito se fale sobre Schrödinger, não há textos em língua portuguesa que ultrapassem os limites biográficos, apesar de sua extrema relevância teórica para a pesquisa acadêmica. Nesse sentido, tem-se por objetivo visitar algumas obras que relatam os acontecimentos ou fatos econômicos, políticos, sociais e culturais que resultaram no período mais produtivo da carreira de Schrödinger.A historical overview of Erwin Schrödinger’s contributions to Quantum MechanicsAbstractErwin Schrödinger (1887-1961) was an Austrian physicist, a great scientist who lived in a European context of change and turmoil, but this did not stop him from living a very intense life, both in his scientific research and in his personal life. His most famous work, published in 1926, includes his theory of wave mechanics, which contains the famous equation that bears his name today. He showed that the equation worked properly for calculating the energy levels of the hydrogen atom. In other works, published in the same period, he showed other applications assigned to the harmonic oscillator and a generalization for the time dependent case. His dedication to quantum systems won him the Nobel Prize in 1933. It is about this fascinating and complex man who presents a historical snippet with the potential to attract not only scientists, but anyone interested in the history of our times, life and thought from one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century. This article was born from the fact that, although much is said about Schrödinger, there are no texts in Portuguese that go beyond biographical limits, despite its extreme theoretical relevance for academic research. In this sense, the objective is to visit some works that report the economic, political, social and cultural events or facts that resulted in the most productive period of Schrödinger's career.Keywords: Quantum mechanics; Schrödinger; History of Physics.
Ensino de História Natural e Biologia: reformas educacionais e programas da escola secundária (1920-1951)
Authors: Santos Maria Cristina Ferreira dos
Published: December 2021

Este estudo tem como tema o ensino de Biologia e História Natural, com foco na história dessas disciplinas escolares e nas mudanças educacionais ocorridas nas décadas de 1920 a 1950 no Brasil. O objetivo foi investigar mudanças e continuidades na constituição dessas disciplinas escolares. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, utilizando como fontes programas de ensino, legislação e textos da época. Foram analisados programas de ensino oficiais e do Colégio Pedro II, das disciplinas História Natural e Biologia, dos anos de 1920 a 1951, além da legislação e discursos referentes às reformas educacionais. Houve a permanência de conteúdos de Botânica, Zoologia, Geologia e Mineralogia nos programas do ensino secundário de História Natural desse período. No programa de Biologia de 1943, permaneceram conteúdos botânicos e zoológicos e foram excluídos os geológicos e mineralógicos.  A disciplina escolar Biologia emergiu nos anos 1930 e foi substituída pela História Natural em 1946, mas conteúdos biológicos permaneceram nos programas de 1936 a 1951. Das “lições” e “pontos práticos” nos programas de 1920-30 às metodologias ativas e experimentais dos anos 1930-50, destaca-se a valorização dos fundamentos científicos e de conhecimentos especializados na história da disciplina escolar Biologia no Brasil.Natural History and Biology Education: educational reforms and secondary school programs (1920-1951)AbstractThis study has as its theme the Biology and Natural History Education, focusing on these school subjects’ history and on educational reforms in the 1920s and 1950s in Brazil. The objective was to investigate changes and continuities in the constitution of these school subjects. A documentary research was carried out, taking as sources educational programs, legislation and other texts. Official educational programs and those of Colégio Pedro II of the school subjects Natural History and Biology from the years 1920 to 1951 and the legislation and discourses related to educational reforms were analyzed. Botany, Zoology, Geology and Mineralogy contents remained in the secondary education programs of Natural History from 1920 to 1951. In the Biology program of 1943 remained botanical and zoological contents and geological and mineralogical ones were excluded. The Biology school subject emerged in the 1930s and was replaced by Natural History in 1946, but biological contents were present in the curriculum from 1936 to 1951. From the “lessons” and “practical points” in the 1920-30 programs to the active and experimental methodologies in the 1930s and 1950s, the emphasis on scientific foundations and specialization stands out in the history of science education in Brazil.Keywords: Biology and Natural History Education; School subject; Educational programs; Science Education History.
A expertise em educação de Carleton Washburne na produção de saberes sobre o ensino de aritmética
Authors: Pinheiro Nara Vilma Lima
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste texto é analisar, em perspectiva historiográfica, a constituição de saberes sobre o ensino de matemática a partir da emergência da figura do expert no âmbito escolar. Trata-se, em específico, de analisar as ações pedagógicas de Carleton Washburne, importante pedagogo estadunidense da educação progressista. Para tanto, utilizou-se como ferramenta de análise os conceitos de expertise e expert advindos dos estudos desenvolvidos por Hofstetter et al. (2017). Os resultados da análise indicam que ao ser convocado para transformar as escolas públicas de Winnetka em escolas de excelência, Washburne produziu e sistematizou saberes específicos sobre o ensino de aritmética, resultando na reestruturação dos conteúdos matemáticos, em novas práticas, novos materiais didáticos, nova relação aluno-professor-saber, novos saberes pedagógicos, de modo a garantir que o aluno seguisse seu próprio ritmo de desenvolvimento. A esse tempo, não basta mais ao professorado saber os conteúdos aritméticos e os métodos pelos quais ensiná-los, mas o que, como, por que e quando e isso depende da produção de novos saberes escolares sobre o ensino de aritmética na escola primária.Carleton Washburne's pedagogical expertise in the production of knowledge about the teaching of arithmeticThe objective of this text is to analyze, from a historiographic perspective, the constitution of knowledge about the teaching of mathematics from the emergence of the figure of the expert in the school environment. It is specifically about analyzing the pedagogical actions of Carleton Washburne, an important American pedagogue of progressive education. For this purpose, the concepts of expertise and expert arising from the studies developed by Hofstetter et al 2017 were used as an analysis tool. The results of the analysis indicate that when invited to transform Winnetka's public schools into schools of excellence, Washburne produced and systematized specific knowledge about the teaching of arithmetic, resulting in the restructuring of mathematical contents, in new practices, new teaching materials, new student-teacher-knowledge relationship, new pedagogical knowledge, in order to ensure that the student followed his own pace of development. At this time, it is no longer enough for teachers to know the arithmetic contents and the methods by which to teach them, but what, how, why and when, and this depends on the production of new school knowledge about the teaching of arithmetic in primary school.Keywords: Arithmetic made to mesure; Teaching individualization; Expert in education; Winnetka system; Teacher training.
Manual Didática da Aritmética e os Saberes a e para ensinar sistematizados por Ismael França Campos (1950-1960)
Authors: França Denise Medina , Silva Guilherme Antonio
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo é o extrato de um estudo em curso, no âmbito da Iniciativa Ciência, que tem por objetivo caracterizar elementos dos saberes a e para ensinar sistematizados para a formação de professores sobre o conteúdo de aritmética, especificamente no ensino de frações em tempos de orientações da psicologia científica elaboradas durante o movimento Escola Nova sobre o Manual Didática da Aritmética. Cortesia de Ismael França Campos, Diretor e Professor do Instituto de Educação (IE) (1943-1964). Pela abordagem teórico-metodológica, a pesquisa assume a forma de um estudo sócio-histórico. Na análise, os saberes que sustentam o movimento da Escola Nova relacionam-se com os métodos de ensino e neste Manual há orientações direcionadas aos professores de como ensinar. Os resultados encontrados mostram que os saberes a e para ensinar no material analisado estão em diálogo com as ideias da psicologia científica.Didactic Manual of Arithmetic and Knowledge for and to teaching systematized by Ismael França Campos (1950 -1960)This article is an extract from an ongoing study, within the scope of the Science Initiative, which aims to characterize elements of knowledge to and for teach systematized for the training of teachers on the content of arithmetic, specifically in the teaching of fractions in times of orientation of scientific psychology, developed during the Escola Nova movement on the Didactic Manual of Arithmetic. Courtesy of Ismael França Campos, Director and Professor at the Instituto de Educação (IE) (1943-1964). Through the theoretical-methodological approach, the research takes the form of a socio-historical study. In the analysis, the knowledge that sustains the Escola Nova movement is related to the teaching methods and in this Manual, there are guidelines directed to teachers on how to teach. The results found show. The results found show that the knowledge for and to teach in the analyzed material is in dialogue with the ideas of scientific psychology.Keywords: Ismael França Campos; History of mathematics education; Teaching profession; Arithmetic.
Saberes matemáticos na orientação de professores paranaenses: expertises e contribuições (1970-1980)
Authors: Berticelli Danilene Gullich Donin , Portela Mariliza Simonete
Published: December 2021

A pesquisa aqui apresentada, de caráter investigativo, aponta evidências presentes em documentos produzidos por professores paranaenses para responder a uma demanda de pesquisa manifesta das décadas de 1970 e 1980: como se apresentaram os saberes para ensinar matemática nas orientações para os professores do ensino de 1º Grau no estado do Paraná? Procurou-se responder à essa questão tomando por base a teoria e metodologia da história cultural, a leitura e análise de documentos como a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (1971), o Projeto HAPRONT (modelo curricular de formação de professores), “Revista Currículo” (PARANÁ, 1977; 1978; 1979) da SEC do PR, e a “Revista A voz da Escola” (PARANÁ, 1981) do IEP. A organização e abordagem das propostas educativas que fizeram parte do contexto de produção de manuais didáticos para a orientação de formação, tanto inicial quanto continuada de professores, tiveram a participação de educadores cuja expertise associou os saberes para ensinar às teorias educacionais e métodos de ensino em voga na educação brasileira, traduzindo as expectativas para o período em questão. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica da história cultural nas teorias de Julia, Chervel e Chartier deram sustento às argumentações aqui expostas.Mathematical knowledge in the teacher’s orientation of Paraná: expertises and contributions (1970-1980)The research presented here, of an investigative nature, points to evidence present in documents produced by teachers from Paraná to respond to a clear demand for research from the 1970s and 1980s: how was presented the knowledge for teaching mathematics in the guidelines for teachers of elementary school in the state of Paraná? We sought to answer this question based on the theory and methodology of cultural history, the reading and analysis of documents such as Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (1971), the HAPRONT Project (curricular model for teacher education), “Curriculum magazine” (1977, 1978, 1979), from Education Secretary of Paraná, and “The voice of the school magazine” (1981) from Educational Institute of Paraná. The organization and approach of educational proposals that were part of the context of the production of textbooks to guide both initial and continuing teacher education had the participation of educators whose expertise associated the knowledge to teach with the educational theories end teaching methods in vogue in Brazilian education translating expectations for the period in question. The theoretical methodological foundation of cultural history in the theories of Julia, Chervel and Chartier supported the arguments presented here.Keywords: Education; Teachers’ training; Mathematics knowledge.
WEBCONFERÊNCIAS COMO ESTRATÉGIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPETÊNCIAS = WEBCONFERENCES AS STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING SKILLS
Authors: Melo Filho Edilson Targino de , Silva Maria Luana da
Published: December 2021

As bibliotecas como centros de informações contribuem para dar suporte à pesquisa, ao ensino e à extensão promovendo ações extensionistas com o objetivo de apoiar o processo de ensino aprendizagem na formação acadêmica. O projeto de extensão Lugar da Informação, do Conhecimento e da Aprendizagem (LICA) desenvolvido no âmbito da Biblioteca Setorial Francisco Tancredo Torres proporciona ações que reforçam o letramento informacional para investigação científica, ampliando a aptidão crítica em informação e conhecimento incentivando a habilidade crítica e o empoderamento na escrita acadêmica. As ações do projeto LICA aqui apresentadas estão centradas na primeira etapa do projeto a série de webconferências, workshops, webinários denominada #ColetivoDeSaberes. As ações foram realizadas por meio da plataforma da Rede Nacional de Pesquisa (RNP), canal do YouTube da Biblioteca Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA). O público-alvo das atividades foi discente de graduação e pós-graduação, mas, com a realização destas ações percebeu-se uma abrangência muito maior do que o esperado com profissionais de diversas áreas. Destaca-se ainda que as ações extensionistas estão alinhadas com o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 que busca garantir uma educação de qualidade, sem qualquer tipo de discriminação e inseridos todas e todos nas atividades do projeto.ABSTRACTLibraries as information centers contribute to support research, teaching and extension by promoting extension actions with the aim of supporting the teaching-learning process in academic training. The extension project Place of Information, Knowledge and Learning (LICA) developed within the scope of the Francisco Tancredo Torres Sectorial Library provides actions that reinforce information literacy for scientific research, expanding critical aptitude in information and knowledge, encouraging critical ability and empowerment in academic writing. The actions of the LICA project presented here are centered on the first stage of the project, the series of web conferences workshops, webinars called #ColetivoDeSaberes. The actions were carried out through the platform of the National Research Network (RNP), YouTube channel of the Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA) Library. The target audience of the activities was undergraduate and graduate students, but with the realization of these actions, a much greater scope than expected with professionals from different areas was perceived. It is also noteworthy that the extension actions are aligned with the Sustainable Development Objective of Agenda 2030, which seeks to guarantee quality education, without any type of discrimination and inserted all and everyone in the project activities.
A BIBLIOTECA ESCOLAR NA PERSPECTIVA DA PROMOÇÃO DA IGUALDADE RACIAL = THE SCHOOL LIBRARY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PROMOTING RACIAL EQUALITY
Authors: Curvo Luiz Felipe Sousa
Published: December 2021

A História africana foi silenciada ao longo de séculos de escravidão e colonialismo e a Lei 10.639/2003 é fruto da emergência de políticas antirracistas conquistadas pelo Movimento Negro no Brasil, em especial na área de construção de políticas públicas para a educação escolar incluindo nos currículos o estudo da disciplina de História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana. Desta forma, a biblioteca inserida na realidade dos sistemas escolares de ensino do país, deve promover a igualdade racial, desenvolvendo coleções que explorem a temática referida por meio da ação cultural e a partir das manifestações de informação que compõem uma biblioteca escolar. Sendo fundamental na formação de leitores, a biblioteca escolar deve desenvolver acervos antirracistas que incluam livros, revistas, filmes, mapas considerando o público ao qual se destinam essas obras. A tradição da oralidade em sua complexidade e sua representação em sistemas de informação como as bibliotecas escolares é apontada como um desafio ao qual se pode considerar novas possibilidades.ABSTRACTAfrican History was silenced over centuries of slavery and colonialism and Law 10.639/2003 is the result of the emergence of anti-racist policies conquered by the Black Movement in Brazil, especially in the area of construction of public policies for school education, including in curricula o study of the discipline of Afro-Brazilian and African History and Culture. In this way, the library inserted in the reality of the country's school systems must promote racial equality, developing collections that explore the aforementioned theme through cultural action and from the information manifestations that make up a school library. Being fundamental in the formation of readers, the school library must develop anti-racist collections that include books, magazines, films, maps, considering the audience to which these works are intended. The tradition of orality in its complexity and its representation in information systems such as school libraries is pointed out as a challenge to which new possibilities can be considered.Keywords: school library; ethnic-rational relations; Law 10639/2003; selection of information materials.
MÚSICA E TEATRO: estratégias de dinamização de atividades em bibliotecas = MUSIC AND THEATER: strategies for boosting activities in school libraries
Authors: Gomes Andressa Michelly dos Santos , Dantas Jadna Noronha de Lima
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade discutir sobre as atividades de dinamização em bibliotecas escolares, utilizando-se de manifestações artísticas como a música e o teatro. Apresenta uma reflexão sobre como essa  unidade de informação pode ser mais atrativa e fomentadora do dinamismo ao seu público-alvo. Debate sobre o perfil do profissional bibliotecário no processo de ação cultural. Reflete sucintamente sobre como a sociedade da informação se comporta nos dias atuais. Conclui que a música e o teatro além de incentivarem a leitura, são capazes de proporcionar dinamismo, revitalizando não apenas a biblioteca escolar, mas também a escola, inclusive, são projetos inovadores significativos atualmente.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to discuss about dynamization activities in school libraries, using artistic manifestations such as music and theater. It presents a reflection on how this information unit can be more attractive and encourages dynamism to its target audience. Debate on the profile of the librarian in the cultural action process. It briefly reflects on how the information society behaves today. It concludes that music and theater, in addition to encouraging reading, are capable of providing dynamism, revitalizing not only the school library, but also the school, as well, are currently significant innovative projects.
MEDIAÇÃO CULTURAL E ARTE/EDUCAÇÃO NÃO-FORMAL NA CAFUA DAS MERCÊS = CULTURAL MEDIATION AND NON-FORMAL ART / EDUCATION IN CAFUA DAS MERCÊS
Authors: Marques Walter Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

O artigo objetiva a reflexão sobre educação não-formal em espaço museológico, no sentido de desenvolver habilidades de leitura de imagens, contextualizando-as e, elaborar propostas poéticas embasadas na educação museal (não-formal) e arte/educação por meio da mediação cultural no Museu Cafua das Mercês (Museu do Negro).Tem por finalidade descrever a proposição de práticas educacionais não-formais em mediação cultural na Cafua das Mercês, integrante do complexo MHAM (Museu Artístico e Histórico do Maranhão) embasando-se na educação museal e arte/educação. A educação não-formal contribui para o crescimento cognitivo, emocional e social dos indivíduos como sujeitos de pertencimento identitário, como o que preconiza a Lei n.10.639/2003 sobre o ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana. Utilizou-se como aporte teórico, Barbosa (2009), tendo o museu como melhor possibilidade de aprendizagem do que a escola; Gohn (2015), ensino de arte não-formal; Selbach (2010), didáticas do ensino de arte; Cury (2005); Chagas (2005), espaços museológicos e a legislação pertinente ao tema. A proposição metodológica é a de realizar-se visitas mediadas aos museus e a produção de reflexão crítica por parte dos educandos e docentes. Espera-se que a partir das visitas ao Museu do Negro, haja ressignificação da visão quanto ao escravizado.AbstractThe article aims to reflect on non-formal education in a museum space, in order to develop skills in reading images, contextualizing them and developing poeticproposals based on museum education (non-formal) and art/education throughcultural mediation in the Cafua das Mercês Museum (Negro Museum). Its purpose is to describe the proposition of non-formal educational practices in cultural mediation in Cafua das Mercês, part of the MHAM complex (Artistic and Historical Museum of Maranhão) based on museum education and art/education. Non-formal education contributes to the cognitive, emotional and social growth of individuals as subjects of identity belonging, as advocated by Law n.10.639/2003 on the teaching of AfroBrazilian and African history and culture. It was used as theoretical support, Barbosa (2009), with the museum as a better learning possibility than the school; Gohn (2015), non-formal art teaching; Selbach (2010), didactics of art education; Cury (2005); Chagas (2005), museum spaces and legislation relevant to the theme. The methodological proposition is to carry out mediated visits to museums and the production of critical reflection by students and teachers. It is expected that from the visits to the Museu do Negro, there will be a redefinition of the vision regarding the enslaved.
Tekst publicystyczny w rozwijaniu kompetencji komunikacyjnej na poziomie C2. Cechy medialnego dyskursu publicznego i politycznego
Authors: Pałuszyńska Edyta
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest omówienie cech wybranego typu materiału dydaktycznego, jakim jest medialny mówiony dialogowy tekst publicystyczny (w skrócie: MMDTP). Zakładam, że proponowany typ tekstu spełnia takie programowe wymogi na poziomie C2, jak: autentyczność, aktualność, interakcyjność, mediacyjność, dyskursywność, a w sposób szczególny służy rozwijaniu sprawności rozumienia i mówienia. Potencjał wybranego rodzaju tekstów jest planowany jako temat cyklu artykułów. Pierwszy z nich jest poświęcony cechom medialnego dyskursu publicznego i politycznego. Niniejszy artykuł składa się z trzech części: w pierwszej omówiono sposób przygotowania materiału dydaktycznego, korzyści i problemy związane z jego wykorzystaniem; w drugiej przybliżono wybrane cechy dyskursu publicznego i politycznego, które pozwalają trafniej zinterpretować sens interakcji; w trzeciej zamieszczono zapis trwającego 10 minut publicystycznego tekstu dialogowego, pobranego jako podcast ze strony Radia TOK Fm wraz z ćwiczeniami.
ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ РЕПУТАЦИИ ИНЖЕНЕРНЫХ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ РОССИИ В ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИИ СТУДЕНТОВ: КЕЙС ТУСУР (в печати)
Authors: Лебедкина Надежда Сергеевна , Орлова Вера Вениаминовна , Магдалена Алехандра Гаете Сепулведа
Published: December 2021

В статье представлен анализ результатов исследования репутации инженерных университетов в представлении студентов, на примере кейса ТУСУР (г. Томск). Исследование посвящено оценке  степени удовлетворенности обучением и инфраструктурой кампуса. Обозначено, что система высшего образования сформирована не только национальными правилами и политиками, но и более неформальной культурой и соглашениями, которые определяют общепринятые практики и цели. Представлены примеры национальных систем, которые имеют заслуженную репутацию за эффективный обмен знаниями между университетами и обществом.  Новизна заключается в определении «точек роста» репутации университетов на основе анализа университетских сервисов, деятельности учебного офиса в период карантинных мер, связанных с COVID-19.    Объектной сферой исследования выступает сфера высшего образования, как одна из подсистем современного общества, процессы ее функционирования. Предметное поле определяется представление студентов о репутации инженерных университетов. Цель – обсуждение результатов исследования репутации инженерных университетов в представлении студентов, на примере кейса ТУСУР (г. Томск). Методы: Пилотажное исследование проводилось в апреле 2021 г., в основе лежит количественный подход,  целевая аудитория – студенты ТУСУРа. В качестве инструмента выбран метод  анкетирования (гугл-форма) на основе методики Satis question, тип опроса – сплошной. Результаты: рассмотрены и представлены оценка качества университетских сервисов, деятельности учебного офиса в целом, а также администрации университета.  Особое внимание уделено оценке степени удовлетворенности обучением и инфраструктурой кампуса в условиях ограничения в связи с COVID-19.