bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivated Reasoning and Blame: Responses to Performance Framing and Outgroup Triggers during COVID-19
Authors: Porumbescu Gregory , Moynihan Donald , Anastasopoulos Jason , Olsen Asmus Leth
Published: September 2020

To manage citizen evaluations of government performance, public officials use blame avoidance strategies when communicating performance information. We examine two prominent presentational strategies: scapegoating and spinning, while testing how public responses vary depending on whether they are ideologically aligned with the public official. We examine these relationships in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, where the Trump administration sought to shift blame by scapegoating outgroups (by using the term “Chinese virus”), and framing performance information on COVID-19 testing in positive terms. Using a novel pre-registered survey experiment that incorporates open and close-ended items, we offer three main findings. First, there is clear evidence of motivated reasoning: conservatives rate the performance of the Trump administration more positively and are more apt to blame prominent Democrats, Chinese residents and the Chinese Government. Second, performance information framing was found to impact blame attribution among conservatives, but only for open-ended responses. Third, while exposure to the term “Chinese virus” increased blame assigned to Chinese residents among all participants, conservatives exposed to the term appeared to blame President Trump more, suggesting repeated use of divisive blame shifting strategies may alienate even supporters.
Pro linhvistychni pokaznyky vzayemodiyi mova – kulʹtura na prykladi analizu polʹsʹko- ukrayinsʹkoho pohranychchya XV-XIXst.
Authors: Маtsyuk Halyna
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the formation of a linguistic interpretation of the interaction of language and culture of the Polish-Ukrainian border territories. The material for the analysis includes nomic systems of Ukrainian and Polish languages, which are considered as a cultural product of interpersonal and interethnic communication and an element of the language system, as well as invariant scientific theory created in the works of Polish onomastics (according to key theoretical concepts, tradition of analysis, and continuity in linguistic knowledge). The analysis performed in the article allows us to single out the linguistic indicators of the interaction of language and culture typical for the subject field of sociolinguistics. These are connections and concepts: language-territory, language-social strata, language-gender, language-ethnicity, social functions of the Polish language, and non-standardized spelling systems. Linguistic indicators reveal the peculiar mechanisms of the border in the historical memory and collective consciousness, marking the role of languages in these areas as a factor of space and cultural marker and bringing us closer to understanding the social relations of native speakers in the fifteenth-nineteenth centuries.
Evaluation of Retinal Light Scattering, Visual Acuity, Refraction and Subjective Satisfaction in Patients after Acrysof IQ Panoptix Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Středová Markéta , Řeháková Tereza , Veliká Věra , Rozsíval Pavel , Hejsek Libor , Jirásková Naďa
Published: September 2020

Aim: To evaluate the retinal light scattering, visual acuity, refraction and subjective satisfaction in patients after implantation of Acrysof IQ PanOptix intraocular lens.

Methods: Our group included 32 eyes of 21 patients who underwent cataract surgery or refractive lensectomy with Acrysof IQ PanOptix multifocal intraocular lens implantation at the Ophthalmology Clinic of Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové during the time from September 2015 to December 2017. The observed parameters were visual acuity, subjective refraction, retinal light scattering and patient‘ subjective satisfaction. Preoperative refractive values and visual acuity values were compared with results obtained on day 1, 1 month and at an average of 27 months postoperatively. Subjective satisfaction and degree of light scattering on the retina were evaluated at the end of the follow-up period.

Results: Preoperative, uncorrected distant visual acuity improved from an average of 0,51 ± 0,29 (expressed in decimal values) to 0,94 ± 0,10 at the end of the follow-up period. Preoperative best-corrected distance visual acuity improved from an average of 0,95 ± 0,19 to 1,00 ± 0,09 at the end of the follow-up period. The mean value of preoperative uncorrected near visual acuity was 8,29 ± 4,93 of Jaeger charts, the mean value of uncorrected near visual acuity at the end of the follow-up period was 1,00 ± 0 of Jaeger charts. Subjective satisfaction was assessed using a standardized VF-14 questionnaire at least 1 year after surgery (mean follow-up of 27 months). Retinal light scattering was examined using an Oculus C-Quant instrument. The retinal light scattering value in our sample was 1,12 ± 0,19. In only 6 eyes of 4 patients, the resulting value was outside the physiological range used for eyes with lens crystallina

Conclusion: The value of light scattering on the retina is a factor affecting the degree of sensitivity to glare after implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses. In our group, we observed a deviation from the physiological range of retinal light scattering in only 6 eyes of 4 patients, but this did not lead to a deterioration in subjective postoperative satisfaction.
Current Use of Automatic Retinal Oximetry – a Review
Authors: Hübnerová Petra , Mlčák Petr , Šínová Irena , Karhanová Marta , Šín Martin
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To inform about possible use of the automatic retinal oximetry for the retinal oxygen saturation measurement in the eye and systemic diseases.

Methods: We performed a literature review dealing with issues of retinal oxygen saturation monitoring by dual non-invasive retinal oximetry Oxymap T1 (Oxymap ehf. Reykjavík, Iceland).

Results: We have found two main strains writing our paper on retinal oxygen saturation eye diseases. The first section concerns diseases created by having hypoxia as its main pathological factor - for example diabetes mellitus and retinal vein occlusion. The second group deals with atrophy as the main pathological mechanism which is typical for decreasing retinal oxygen consumption – for example glaucoma or retinitis pigmentosa (the second one named is not included in our work). Oximetry in systemic diseases creates a relatively new chapter of this branch with a very big potential of interdisciplinary cooperation for the future. It is possible the cooperation will not only include diabetologists but also neurologists (for example, in diseases like sclerosis multiplex or Devic‘s, Alzheimer‘s and Parkinson‘s disease) and haematologists (retinal oxygen saturation changes in patients with different rheological attributes of blood).

Conclusion: Retinal oxygen saturation measuring by automatic retinal oximetry is a relatively new method with scientifically confirmed high reproducibility of results. Currently it is the only experimental method with vast potentials not only in the realm of the possibility of observing eye diseases (diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion or glaucoma) but also in developing interdisciplinary cooperation with diabetologists, neurologists and haematologists.
Modern approaches to the development of motor function in younger schoolchildren with postural disorders
Authors: Lukiianchuk V.
Published: September 2020

The article identifies the causes of deviations in the development of posture in children of primary school age and characterizes the influence of this pathology on the health and physical development of schoolchildren. The necessity of development of coordination of movements in children of 6-10 years old, as well as its role in the formation of posture, prevention and correction of its defects has been substantiated. The modern approaches to the development of the motor function of schoolchildren with postural disorders are disclosed. The specificity of the action of physical exercises for the formation of the correct motor stereotype of the posture of students is highlighted, the features of the influence of dosed muscle tensions for the prevention and correction of the posture of younger students are characterized. During primary school age it is important to form the correct posture, prevent and prevent various deformities of the spine, as well as the use of dosed muscle tension and skills to maintain physiologically correct torso position in the sagittal plane and symmetrical spine position in the front to eliminate deviations in posture development at the initial stages of the ir appearance. The degree of development and opportunities for improvement of the motor sphere of children is limited by the presence of disorders of the functional activity of sensory and physiological systems of the body, including disorders of the musculoskeletal system, which include deviations in posture development. Lag in the development of motor skills of children increases the risk of forming an incorrect motor stereotype of posture and vice versa, in children with deviations in posture development there is a complication of motor skills, insufficient development of certain muscle groups, impaired balance, coordination. There are no medical contraindications to exercise in children of primary school age with postural disorders. Formation of motor function of junior schoolchildren with posture disorders involves the use of dosed exercise for the development of musculoskeletal sensitivity, development of rational flexibility of the spine, strengthening muscle groups of the muscular corset, normalization of torso muscle tone, taking into account the type of posture disorder. The development of coordination of movements of junior schoolchildren is a necessary condition for consolidating physiologically correct tors o positions while maintaining a stable posture and movement.
Specificity of nutrition of representatives of artistic sports (problems and disadvantages)
Authors: Putro L. , Kotko D. , Goncharuk N. , Shevtsov S.
Published: September 2020

Purpose: to summarize the data of scientific and methodical literature and our own research on the features (specificity) of nutrition of representatives of artistic sports. Material: systematized data of modern scientific literature and own research concerning the specifics of nutrition of artistic sports. The analysis of the quantitative and qualitative fullness of food rations (selectively) of athletes, studied the diet using the method of questioning. Results: a selective analysis of the diets of this group of athletes showed energy and qualitative imbalance of diets. as well as violation of the diet. Not found balanced, adequate used physical activity, consumption of the main energy components of food. The deficiency of vitamins of group B and mineral substances was revealed. Conclusions: the analysis and synthesis of special scientific and methodical literature and own data suggests that the problem (specificity) of the supply of artistic sports is relevant and insufficiently studied in the process of training and competitive training. Given the specifics of nutrition (low-calorie diets), it is reasonable to use products of high biological value (PHBV) and dietary supplements (DS) to correct the dietary rations of these sports.
ІМПУЛЬСНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЛОКАЛЬНИХ КЛАСТЕРІВ
Authors: Павлів А. П.
Published: September 2020

The perspective of urban fabric transformation is formulated in connection with the reduction of the influence of industrial factors and the development of a highly informatized society.A key element of the practical implementation of the impulse development strategy of the city in the 21st century is the prediction of the development of a basic urban unit of a post-industrial city, which in this work is called the local cluster. The phenomenon of impulse development of urban fabric is analyzed, the system of laws and principles that transform urban complexes into post-industrial ones is outlined. It has been found that the impulse strategy, in modern conditions, should be made of two components and contain both city-wide and local levels of management and modeling. The level of local clusters, that is being discussed, involves the presence of a combination of impulse factors, the content and names of which are presented in this work.
GENDER DISCRIMINATION ISSUES IN THE LABOUR MARKET OF ARMENIA
Authors: Lusine Karapetyan
Published: September 2020

Unfortunately, gender stereotypes still remain in the 21st century and require social, cultural, traditional and political radical changes. Often, this inequality is conditioned not by the laws set by the state, but by the so-called "unwritten" laws that are subject to "compulsory enforcement" and have stronger grounds than supreme legislation. Gender inequality is particularly obvious in low-income countries and extremely poor households. The aim of the research is to study and analyze gender discrimination, management and decision-making processes related to education, employment, unemployment, pension security and women's work motivation in labour market policies in the Republic of Armenia. The information of this study was obtained through various secondary sources like statistic reports, websites, besides has been used qualitative research method in particular, the depth interview method.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ДОМОГОСПОДАРСТВ НА ОСНОВІ САМООРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ЇХ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ СТРУКТУР
Authors: Василь Порохня  , Роман Іванов
Published: September 2020

The study considers some aspects of the formation and regulation of household economic behavior. It is shown that innovation-intellectual behavior is the main factor of self-organization of a household's activity. The conceptual approach to the definition of the structure of the logistic behavior of the household and the modeling of their self-organization is proposed.The theoretical basis of the proposed concept of modeling the economic behavior of households on the basis of the self-organization of their logistic structures should be a synergistic approach to the management and construction of mechanisms that can provide efficient functioning, sustainable development and economic security. A formal model can be represented as a system of divertial equations. The detailed structure of management of economic behavior of a household can be described by the tuple of parameters describing the set of elements of the system, the set of vectors of properties of elements of the system, the set of links between elements, the purpose and structure of the goals, the external environment.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НЕУРЯДОВИХ АНАЛІТИЧНИХ ЦЕНТРІВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Світлана Полегенько
Published: September 2020

The article provides an overview of the non-governmental analytical environment in Ukraine, represents main stages of the development of non-governmental think tanks and their current state, represents the main features and problems of their functioning, deals with the analysis of information capacity of research centers of Ukraine and their classification, based on the results of recent research conducted within the framework of the Initiative for the Development and Research of Analytical Centers. It describes the position of Ukraine in the annual global ranking of analytical centers 2017 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report's.
ГУМОРАЛЬНИЙ ІМУНІТЕТ У ДІТЕЙ ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ ЗІ ПОЗАШПИТАЛЬНОЮ ПНЕВМОНІЄЮ
Authors: Бабік І. В.
Published: September 2020

Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is often characterized as a component of the immune systems “first-line of defense” against pathogenic microorganisms, viruses, and bacteria. A lower concentration of sIgA in saliva has been conceptualized as a risk factor for upper respiratory infection in children. Also, individual differences in sIgA levels in response to infection have been identified as potential risk factors. No gender differences in SIgA levels have been reported. sIgA in saliva is not directly related to serum levels of sIgA.
ПОРУШЕННЯ БАЛАНСУ ПРО-ТА ПРОТИЗАПАЛЬНИХ ЦИТОКІНІВ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ЛЕГЕНЕВОЮ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЄЮ НА ТЛІ ХРОНІЧНОГО ОБСТРУКТИВНОГО ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ ЛЕГЕНЬ З СУПУТНЬОЮ ІШЕМІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ СЕРЦЯ
Authors: Гетман О. А.  , Крахмалова О. О.
Published: September 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease of the lung associated with progressive airflow limitation. There is growing recognition that the inflammatory state associated with COPD is not confined to the lungs but also involves the systemic circulation and can impact nonpulmonary organs. However, there is insufficient data on the potential role of systemic inflammation in the formation of pulmonary hypertension, secondary to COPD. Thus, our goal was to investigate the degree of systemic inflammation that is reflected in the level of interleukin-4 and interleukin (IL-2) exchange in patients with COPD and coronary artery disease (IHD) with and without pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: 121 patients with COPD and stable coronary heart disease (mean age [M +/- SD], 60.7 ± 9.7 years, mean FEV1, 46.2 ± 18.1%) were screened into the study, mean pulmonary artery preasure was measured using echocardiography. Osteopontin and IL-2 levels in the serum were evaluated using ELISA kits. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 group with signs of pulmonary hypertension (68 patients); and 53 patients without Pulmonary hypertension (2-group). RESULTS: IL-2 concentrations were in 1 group - 9.8 [7.3; 13.1] and 2.2 [0.9; 3.0] in 2 group respectively. For IL-4, the levels were 2.5 [1.8; 2.9] – 1 group, and in the control group (without PH) 3.5 [0.59; 10.0] does not exceed the values of healthy donors. Correlation analysis shows that in the first group there was a positive correlation between the duration of COPD and the level of IL-2 (r = 0.33, p = 0.04) and the negative correlation between osteopontin, IL -2 with a FEV1 (r = -0.84); FLC (r = -0.55). There is a high correlation between osteopontin (r = -0.45), IL-2 (r = -0.60), and a 6-minute walk test and IL-2 and the Borg dyspnea scale (r = 0, 42) after a 6-minute walk test. Pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased levels of systemic inflammatory markers which may have important pathophysiological and therapeutic implications for subjects with stable COPD and CAD.
ВПЛИВ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЮ ФОРМ І ЗМІСТУ ПІДГОТОВКИ РЕЗЕРВУ ДИРЕКТОРІВ ШКІЛ
Authors: Клокар Н. І.
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the problem of influence European integration processes on future school principals’ preparation in Ukraine. The results of experimental research shows the importance of modernization of Ukrainian education system, demonstrate the necessity of changes in theory & practice of school leadership. Preparation of future school principals is one of the main tasks for local authorities & it should be based on the best European practices.
СУЧАСНЕ БАЧЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ ФАХОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ПЕДАГОГІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В УНІВЕРСИТЕТАХ ЯК ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ
Authors: Гуменюк Тетяна Броніславівна
Published: September 2020

The article substantiates the modern vision of the system of professional training of teachers of professional education at universities as a pedagogical model. The structural-functional model of professional training on the new conceptual-methodological basis is offered. The purpose of this system is to train a competent specialist capable of pedagogical and engineering activities in institutions of vocational (vocational) education; able to realize itself in the educational sphere, in production and in the sphere of service; a specialist of the future with neo-humanistic views and established ecological culture. It is noted that for the implementation of the system of professional training it is necessary to theoretically substantiate and develop scientific and methodological materials that will enable to introduce author's developments in the practice of professional training of teachers of professional training at universities.
ЕТИМОЛОГІЯ ПОНЯТТЯ “ЕВРИСТИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД”
Authors: Парфентьєва І. П.  , Матвійчук К. О.
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the term "heuristics", which in scientific knowledge has the designation as a "method of finding." The author conducts an analysis of scientific literature on the interpretation of heuristics as a scientific concept. Heuristics as an independent science has not been fully formed yet. Despite the large number of scientific papers devoted to questions of heuristics, they usually relate to its particular problems and do not give a clear idea of either the object or subject of heuristics or its status among other sciences. It is suggested that pedagogical heuristics are defined as one of the branches of heuristics, which studies fundamental principles of didactics and the systematic organization of students' heuristic activity in a supervised interaction of a teacher and implements them in general and in vocational education using the system of problem tasks for the purposeful development of intelligence. The main tasks of pedagogical heuristics interact with the tasks of didactics in the qualitative formation of a future specialist. Therefore, pedagogical heuristics in researches use heuristic methods that allow to accelerate the process of solving any problem.
«ЯБЛУЧНИЙ ПИРІГ» (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ІСТОРІЇ «ВЛАСНИК НАЙКРАЩОГО КЛУБУ ДЛЯ ГЕЇВ» КНИГА ІСТОРІЙ «ГІМН ДЕМОКРАТИЧНОЇ МОЛОДІ» С. ЖАДАН)
Authors: Бабенко А. О.
Published: September 2020

The article describes the features of author's interpretation of the author's interpretation of the figurative system of the story "Owner of the best club for gays" from the book by S. Zhadan "Anthem of Democratic Youth" are considered; the phenomena of human life; apple symbol The study of this segment of the national literary space is extremely relevant, given the rather one-sided and non-systematic approach to the analysis of Serhiy Zhadan's work in general.
Manajemen Perpustakaan Sekolah pada SDN Mawar VI Banjarmasin
Authors: Novyanti Rika , Dahrani Fitriani , Padli Padli , Maharani Sari Heppy
Published: September 2020

Perpustakaan merupakan salah satu sarana yang paling dibutuhkan didalam pembangunan dunia pendidikan sebagai sumber belajar yang diperlukan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pengelolaan penyimpanan buku perpustakaan sesuai dengan kaidah kearsipan yang baku. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan  dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan di lingkungan sekolah SDN Mawar  VI Banjarmasin, melalui pelatihan manajemen perpustakaan sekolah diharapkan dapat memudahkan pengelola perpustakaan dalam mengelola perpustakaan, serta meningkatkan minat baca siswa. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu pendidikan bersama-sama dengan unsur sekolah lainnya. Sedangkan tujuan lainnya, adalah menunjang, mendukung, dan melengkapi semua kegiatan baik kurikuler, dan ekstra kurikuler, disamping dimaksudkan pula dapat membantu menumbuhkan minat dan mengembangkan bakat murid serta memantapkan strategi belalajar mengajar yang lebih baik lagi.

 

Kata Kunci : manajemen, perpustakaan sekolah
PENGARUH PUSH AND PULL MOTIVATIONS WISATAWAN TERHADAP GASTRO TOURISM di SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Arman Sandy Pratama
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACK

Gastro-tourism adalah perjalanan rekreasi yang dilakukan semata-mata atau terutama untuk merasakan makanan di suatu wilayah. Gastro-tourism juga disebut sebagai wisata makanan (food tourism)  atau wisata kuliner (culinary tourism) sebagai tujuan utama dari kegiatan wisata. Negara dengan budaya kuliner dan keanekaragamannya memanfaatkan hal tersebut  untuk memotivasi wisatawan demi meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan. Motivasi wisatawan dipengaruhi oleh faktor pendorong (push factor) dan faktor penarik (pull factor). Faktor pendorong adalah faktor-faktor yang berasal dari dalam diri wisatawan itu sendiri. Sedangkan, faktor penarik adalah faktor-faktor yang berasal dari luar diri wisatawan, biasanya berupa keadaan dari destinasi yang akan dikunjungi. Setiap wisatawan memiliki faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi yang berbeda dalam melakukan kegiatan wisata. Perbedaan jenis wisata yang dilakukan membuat berbeda pula faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasinya. Salah satunya, wisata kuliner. Sumatera Barat memliki daerah-daerah tujuan wisata kuliner yang potensial.

Jenis penelitian adalah explanatory. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuesioner pada 195 wisatawan domestik yang berkunjung ke Sumatera Barat. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah Purposive  Sampling berdasarkan kriteria tertentu.

Penelitian ini mengukapkan bahwa variabel push motivations ( novelty, sosial) dan pulll motivations ( produk, layanan utama dan layanan pendukung ) secara keseluruhan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap push and pull motivations wisata kuliner di Sumatera Barat. Pada variabel push motivations dimensi sosial. Tidak memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan yang menjadi push motivation wisatawan ke Sumatera Barat. Hal  ini mengindikasikan bahwa dimensi sosial bukan menjadi push motivations wisatawan untuk mengunjungi Sumatera Barat. Banyak faktor lain yang yang tidak di teliti dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi push motivations wisatawan berkunjung ke Sumatera Barat.

Kata kunci: Motivasi, push and pull factors dan wisata kuliner
PELATIHAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN KELUARGA BAGI KELOMPOK YASINAN IBU-IBU KOMPLEK RAHAYU JALAN PRAMUKA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Nikmah Nailiya , Safrina Noor , Farida Lea Emilia , Qalbiah Nurul
Published: September 2020

Permasalahan dalam hal keuangan sering terjadi disebabkan oleh ketidakterampilan mengelola keuangan keluarga. Hal yang paling banyak terjadi yaitu lebih besar pengeluaran daripada pemasukan. Selain itu, tidak dilakukannya pencatatan pemasukan dan pengeluaran menjadi masalah utama dalam pengelolaan keuangan keluarga pada kelompok yasinan ibu-ibu Komplek Rahayu Banjarmasin. Beberapa permasalahan dalam hal pengelolaan keuangan tersebut dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: Ketidakseimbangan an
Pelatihan Perancangan Aplikasi Interaktif Dibidang Teknik Mesin
Authors: Sudiar Asrul , Cahyani Rinova F , Norhafani Norhafani , Kasim Muhammad
Published: September 2020

Basic understanding in using computers has become a necessity that must be understood by most people. Various aspects of human life in modern times require the help of computers to make it easier, more effective and efficient. So many human activities that can be done with the help of computers, for example: word processing, table processing, browsing on the internet, sending and receiving emails,etc. Because of the many needs in using computers, many programs and applications are made for various purposes.

 

Engineering software or engineering program is a program created to help humans complete various kinds of calculations in the field of engineering. On this occasion, we carried out community service to SMKN2 students in Banjarmasin to provide understanding and skills about making applications or programs related to engineering, especially in the field of mechanical engineering. This service is carried out by providing training in making interactive applications in the field of mechanical engineering. The training method used is a combination of theory and practice, starting with a basic understanding of programming, introduction of identifiers, introduction of variables and introduction of IDE (Integrated Development Environment) so that it is expected to provide students with an understanding of the material presented. Students will also be given various kinds of calculation cases in the engineering field that the program application will be made to be able to complete these calculations easily and quickly. The target of community service is technical programming training services and publications in national service journals.
Etiology of Treatment Delays in Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: El-Arabi Ahmad M. , Alam Syed M. , Sherman Garth , Parker William P. , Thompson Jeffrey , Holzbeierlein Jeffrey M. , Lee Eugene K. , Wulff-Burchfield Elizabeth M.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy (RC) improves overall survival in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but successful completion rates of NAC are low. A retrospective analysis was undertaken to determine the etiology of deviations of NAC administration for MIBC.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective review of MIBC patients in an institutional database who received NAC followed by RC from 2008 to 2016. Patients were characterized as having completed NAC without deviation (“No Deviation”) or with deviation (“Deviation”). Factors associated with “Deviation” were assessed with logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

172 MIBC patients received NAC followed by RC; 49 were excluded due to incomplete NAC data. Of the remaining 123 patients, 80 (65%) received Gemcitabine and Cisplatin (GC) and 25 (20%) received dose-dense MVAC (ddMVAC). In all, 85 (69%) patients had “Deviation” in planned NAC administration, while the remaining 38 (31%) patients had “No Deviation.” Twenty-six (33%) of GC patients experienced delays (mean = 21.5±17.0 days) and 6 (24%) ddMVAC patients experienced delays (mean = 10.5±9.5 days). Receipt of GC was associated with higher likelihood of “Deviation” in comparison to ddMVAC (OR = 15.4; 95% CI 4.43–53.72, p < 0.01), and administration of NAC at our institution was associated with lower likelihood of “Deviation” in comparison to receipt in the community (OR = 0.25; 95% CI 0.25–0.72, p = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:

Deviations in administration of NAC were common in our cohort (69%) and were associated with receipt of GC and administration of NAC at an outside institution.
LINC00893 inhibits papillary thyroid cancer by suppressing AKT pathway via stabilizing PTEN
Authors: Li Shujing , Zhang Yanyan , Dong Jian , Li Ruihuan , Yu Bo , Zhao Wenjun , Liu Jing
Published: September 2020

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important to the occurrence and advancement of human cancers. We found through GEPIA that LINC00893 was lowly expressed in thyroid carcinoma (THCA) tissues, whereas the specific functions of LINC00893 has never been reported in PTC. In the current study, we confirmed that LINC00893 was expressed at a low level in PTC cells. Through gain-of-function assays, we determined that LINC00893 overexpression abrogated proliferation and migration abilities of PTC cells. Through signal transduction reporter array we found that LINC00893 potentially modulated the signals of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/AKT pathway. In addition, overexpression of LINC00893 increased the expression of PTEN but reduced the levels of phosphorylated AKT in PTC. Additionally, mechanism assays unveiled that LINC00893 stabilized PTEN mRNA via recruiting Fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein. Finally, rescue assays demonstrated that LINC00893 hampered the proliferation and migration of PTC cells via PTEN/AKT pathway. Together, our study first clarified that LINC00893 functions as a tumor suppressor in PTC by blocking AKT pathway through PTEN upregulation.
A clinical study on the effect of open chronic total occlusion on hemodynamics of collateral circulation donor
Authors: Tian Bing , Li Wenzheng , Wu Zheng , Gong Minglian , Liu Jinghua
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE: This study applied pressure measurement to measure the hemodynamic changes in right coronary artery (RCA) donor vessels before and after the opening of the vessel in patients with left anterior descending chronic total occlusion (LAD-CTO) interventional therapy. METHODS: A total of 45 patients with LAD-CTO were divided into two groups of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to observe the hemodynamic changes (fractional flow reserve [FFR] and instantaneous wave-free ratio [iFR]) before and after opening the chronic total occlusion (CTO), in order to provide collateral circulating donor vessels to the CTO, and observe the changes in iFR and FFR. The results of these two measures were compared to determine the significance of the donor vascular function. RESULTS: A total of 45 patients with LAD-CTO successfully underwent LAD-CTO interventional therapy, and were immediately measured for FFR and iFR of the donor vessels. The FFR changes before right coronary artery flow reserve (RCAFR) was 0.73±0.083, and after the operation, this was 0.77±0.073. The iFR changes before RCAFR was 0.90±0.048, and after the operation, this was 0.93±0.034. Before and after the opening of the RCA, the FFR change (ΔFFR) and iFR change (ΔiFR) were also correlated with r = 0.033 (0.041–0.568: P < 0.05). A total of 19 cases had a FFR value of <0.75 before the operation, and the average FFR before and after the PCI was 0.65±0.048 and 0.72±0.057, respectively. Furthermore, the ΔFFR was 0.076±0.057 (n = 19), and FFR was >0.75 in 26 cases. The ΔFFR was 0.017±0.0088 (n = 26). These two groups were compared, P = 0.0032 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The FFR and iFR results were the same in terms of RCA hemodynamic changes, after the LAD-CTO was opened. For the RCA with a preoperative FFR of <0.75, the increase in RCAFR after LAD-CTO PCI was more obvious.
Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with parametric imaging and time intensity curve analysis (TIC) for evaluation of the success of prostate arterial embolization (PAE) in cases of prostate hyperplasia
Authors: Jung E.M. , Wertheimer T. , Putz F.J. , Jung F. , Kammerer S. , Pregler B. , Luerken L. , Stroszczynski C. , Beyer L.
Published: September 2020

AIM: To evaluate the use of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with parametric color-coded imaging and time intensity curve analysis (TIC) for planning and follow-up after prostate arterial embolization (PAE). MATERIAL/METHOD: Before and after selective iliacal embolization by PAE with a follow up of 6 months 18 male patients (43–78 years, mean 63±3.5 years) with histopathological proven benign prostate hyperplasia were examined by one experienced examiner. A multifrequency high resolution probe (1–6 MHz) was used for transabdominal ultrasound and CEUS with bolus injections of 2.4 ml sulphur-hexafluoride microbubbles. Independent evaluation of color-coded parametric imaging before and after PAE by in PACS stored DICOM loops from arterial phase (10–15 s) up to 1min were performed. Criteria for successful treatment were reduction of early arterial enhancement by changes of time to peak (TTP) and area under the curve (AUC) by measurements in 8 regions of interest (ROI) of 5 mm in diameter at the margin and in the center and changes from hyperenhancement in parametric imaging (perfusion evaluation of arterial enhancement over 15 s) from red and yellow to blue and green by partial infarctions. Reference imaging method was the contrast high resolution 3 tesla magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) using 3D vibe sequences before and after PAE and for the follow up after 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: PAE was technically and clinically successful in all 18 patients with less clinical symptoms and reduction of the gland volume. In all cases color-coded CEUS parametric imaging was able to evaluate partial infarction after embolization with changes from red and yellow to green and blue colors in the embolization areas. Relevant changes could be evaluated for TIC-analysis of CEUS with reduced arterial enhancement in the arterial phase and prolonged enhancement of up to 1 min with significant changes (p = 0.0024). The area under the curve (AUC) decreased from 676±255.04 rU (160 rU–1049 rU) before PAE to 370.43±255.19 rU (45 rU–858 rU) after PAE. Time to peak (TTP) did not change significantly (p = 0.6877); TTP before PAE was 25.82±9.04 s (12.3 s–42.5 s) and after PAE 24.43±9.10 s (12–39 s). Prostate volume decreased significantly (p = 0.0045) from 86.93±34.98 ml (30–139 ml) before PAE to 50.57±26.26 ml (19–117 ml) after PAE. There were no major complications and, in most cases (14/18) a volume reduction of the benign prostate hyperplasia occurred. CONCLUSION: Performed by an experienced examiner CEUS with parametric imaging and TIC-analysis is highly useful to further establish prostatic artery embolization (PAE) as a successful minimal invasive treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
The course of Kaposi’s sarcoma, a marker disease for the initial diagnosis of AIDS, under ongoing cART
Authors: Lutze Stine , Riebe Helene , Jünger Michael , Arnold Andreas
Published: September 2020

While Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) was common in the 1980s and early 1990s in HIV-positive patients and one of the most common AIDS-defining diseases, its prevalence today has decreased significantly due to the early and widespread use of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (cART) therapy. The rapid initiation of cART or, if occurring during ongoing cART, an optimization of antiretroviral therapy leads to a healing of this tumour disease in most patients. The aim of the therapy is immune reconstitution, as the immunodeficiency resulting from the HIV disease (reduced CD4+-T helper cells) promotes the development and spread of KS. This case report describes the course of KS in the first diagnosis of AIDS in a 36-year-old patient. The HIV copy count was below the detection limit and the CD3+/CD4+ T-helper cell count was only slightly below the normal value in the six-month follow-up after initial diagnosis and initiation of cART therapy. However, the clinical findings in the one-year follow-up showed only a partial response, whereby it was noted that new tumour lesions also developed focally in addition to individual progressive lesions. This was demonstrated clinically, dermatoscopically and by laser Doppler fluxmetry measurements of the lesions. Such a progression was observed in about one-third of the patients affected in various studies and is called Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. Other therapies in addition to cART are necessary here to suppress this immunological phenomenon (including cytostatic drugs). Promising studies are currently underway, including utilising checkpoint inhibitors. These are of great therapeutic interest due to the high immunological activity of KS itself and usually of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
Extended analysis of intratumoral heterogeneity of primary osteosarcoma tissue using 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model
Authors: Feder Anna-Lena , Pion Eric , Troebs Johannes , Lenze Ulrich , Prantl Lukas , Htwe Maung Mg , Phyo Aung , Haerteis Silke , Aung Thiha
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcomas are a rare, heterogeneous and malignant group of bone tumors that have a high potential for metastasis and aggressive growth patterns. Treatment of metastasized osteosarcoma is often insufficient and research is compromised by problems encountered when culturing cells or analyzing genetic alterations due to the high level of intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, a 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model, could potentially facilitate the investigation of osteosarcoma heterogeneity at an individual and highly specified level. OBJECTIVE: Objective was to establish the grafting and transplantation of different primary osteosarcoma tissue parts onto several consecutive CAMs for tumor profiling and investigation of osteosarcoma heterogeneity. METHODS: Various parts of primary osteosarcoma tissue were grafted onto CAMs and were transplanted onto another CAM for five to seven consecutive times, enabling further experimental analyzes. RESULTS: Primary osteosarcoma tissue parts exhibited satisfactory growth patterns and displayed angiogenic development on the CAM. It was possible to graft and transplant different tumor parts several times while the tissue viability was still high and tumor profiling was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Primary osteosarcoma tissue grew on several different CAMs for an extended time period and neovascularization of serial transplanted tumor parts was observed, improving the versatility of the 3D-in-vivo-tumor-model.
The effects of oscillatory temperature on HaCaT keratinocyte behaviors
Authors: Nie Yan , Xu Xun , Wang Weiwei , Ma Nan , Lendlein Andreas
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Keratinocytes are exposed to a thermal gradient throughout epidermal layers in human skin depending on environmental temperatures. OBJECTIVE: Here, the effect of cyclic temperature changes (ΔT) on HaCaT cell behaviors was explored. METHODS: HaCaT cells were cultured at constant temperature (37 °C or 25 °C) or under ΔT conditions. The morphology, mechanics, cell cycle progression, proliferation, and lipid synthesis of HaCaT cells were determined. RESULTS: ΔT conditions led to the inhomogeneous arrangement of the cytoskeleton in HaCaT cells, which resulted in enlarged size, rounder shape, and increased stiffness. Accumulation in the G2/M phase in the cell cycle, a decreased proliferation rate, and a delayed lipogenesis were detected in HaCaT cells cultured under ΔT conditions. CONCLUSIONS: ΔT conditions resulted in the re-arrangement of the cytoskeleton in HaCaT cells, which showed similarity to the temperature-induced disassemble and re-assemble of cytoskeletons in keratinocyte in vivo. The altered cytoskeleton arrangement resulted in the cell enlargement and stiffening, which reflected the changes in cellular functions. The application of oscillatory temperature in the in vitro culture of keratinocytes provides a way to gain more insights into the role of skin in response to environmental stimuli and maintaining its homeostasis in vivo.
The diagnostic performance of perfusion CT in the detection of local tumor recurrence in head and neck cancer
Authors: Troeltzsch Daniel , Niehues Stefan Markus , Fluegge Tabea , Neckel Norbert , Heiland Max , Hamm Bernd , Shnayien Seyd
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Detecting local tumor recurrence from post-treatment changes in head and neck cancer (HNC) remains a challenge. Based on the hypothesis that post-therapeutically altered tissue is bradytroph, lower perfusion values are expected in perfusion CT (PCT) while higher perfusion values are expected in recurrent malignant tissue. OBJECTIVES: This prospective study investigates PCT for post-treatment recurrent HNC detection with a maximum slope algorithm. METHODS: A total of 80 patients who received PCT of the head and neck for post-therapy follow-up, of which 63 had no tumor recurrence and 17 presented a histopathologically confirmed recurrence were examined. Regions of interest were placed in the location of the initial tumor, in reference ipsilateral nuchal muscle tissue and the corresponding internal carotid artery. Perfusion was calculated using a single-input maximum slope algorithm. RESULTS: With PCT, recurrent HNC can be differentiated from post-treatment tissue (p < 0.05). It further allows delineating recurrent tumor tissue from benign nuchal tissue of reference (p < 0.05). PCT data of patients with and without recurrent HNC are comparable as perfusion values of reference tissues in patients with and without HNC do not differ (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PCT in combination with a commercially available maximum slope algorithm offers radiologists a reliable imaging tool to detect recurrent head and neck cancer within post-therapeutically altered tissue.
Is major burn injury associated with coagulopathy? The value of thrombelastometry in the detection of coagulopathy in major burn injury: A prospective observational study
Authors: Lonic Daniel , Heidekrueger Paul I. , Bosselmann Talia , Niclas Broer P. , Gertler Ralph , Wolfgang Martin Klaus , Prantl Lukas , Ninkovic Milomir , Giunta Riccardo , Ehrl Denis
Published: September 2020

BACKGRUND: The coagulation status of burn patients is generally impaired and is a major factor of the deteriorating burn patients’ overall situation. In trauma and other patient groups, the differential diagnosis of coagulation impairment has been largely improved by the use of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®). The aim of this prospective observational study was the differentiated observation of coagulopathy in severely burned patients using standard parameters and ROTEM® thrombelastometry during the relevant stages of burn disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients that sustained at least 20% third degree burns of total body surface area (TBSA) were included in the study. Standard and ROTEM® coagulation analyses were performed on admission and then twice daily during the first 14 days following burn trauma. RESULTS: Although the initial assessment of DIC was similar for both standard labs and ROTEM® measurements, more patients were detected to be in a state of worsening coagulation status for a longer time in ROTEM® than in standard measurements. In addition, one patient was rated in to be in decompensated DIC for 3 days according to ROTEM® measurements, while no patient was rated to be in a decompensated DIC based on standard parameters. CONCLUSION: This study points towards a more complex picture and higher occurrence of DIC in burn patients when thrombelastometric measurements like ROTEM® are taken into account in addition to standard coagulation parameters.
Intracardiac echocardiography to enable successful edge-to-edge transcatheter tricuspid valve repair in patients with insufficient TEE quality
Authors: Curio Jonathan , Abulgasim Kamal , Kasner Mario , Rroku Andi , Lauten Alexander , Lendlein Andreas , Landmesser Ulf , Reinthaler Markus
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as a guiding tool for edge-to-edge transcatheter tricuspid valve repair (EETVr) using MitraClip (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, USA) may not offer sufficient image quality in a significant proportion of patients. OBJECTIVES: Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) as additional guiding tool in EETVr with the MitraClip device. METHODS: Appropriate angulations of the ICE catheter to visualize each commissure of the tricuspid valve were established in 3D printed heart models. In a single tertiary-care center ICE was used to support EETVr as additional guidance when TEE image quality was insufficient. Procedural safety and outcomes up to 30-days were compared between ICE/TEE and TEE only guided patients. RESULTS: In 6 of 11 patients (54.5%) undergoing EETVr with MitraClip TEE alone was unsatisfactory, necessitating additional ICE guidance. In 4 of these 6 patients ICE enabled a successful completion of the procedure. The steering maneuvers identified in the 3D models were well applicable in all patients, providing examples for potential future ICE implementation in EETVr. Under both TEE alone (n = 5) and ICE (n = 6) guidance the rate of procedural complications was 0%. According to vena contracta values at discharge significant TR reduction was achievable in the treated cohort (p = 0.011). At 30-days follow-up one patient (ICE guided) died following global heart failure, not associated with the procedure itself. CONCLUSIONS: ICE guidance may offer an additional tool to guide EETVr with the MitraClip device in patients with poor TEE quality, as it enables successful results without impairing procedural safety.