bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ramie Fiber Woven Composite: The Effect of Feedrate Variation on the Tensile Strength of the Open Hole in the Drilling
Authors: Djafar Zulkifli , Azis Nasruddin , Zulkifli Taufiqqurrahman
Published: June 2023

Composite with woven ramie as reinforcement is a combination of woven from hemp plant fibers with resin adhesive (matrix) which each has different characteristics, which with the combination will produce a new material with better properties. The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of the influence of federate variations on the tensile strength of open holes in drilling, with the test method carried out with reference to ASTM D 5766/D 5766M-02 (Standard Test Method for Open Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates). The tensile test speed used is 5 mm/minute. The data taken is the maximum tensile strength when the specimen breaks. The results of this study indicate that the change in feed rate affects the tensile strength of the ramie composite. The greater the feed rate used is in grading the ramie fiber composite, the smaller the composite tensile stress value becomes. In this study, the highest tensile strength is obtained from composites with a feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev and the lowest at a feed rate of 0.15 mm/rev. The change in spindle speed also affects the magnitude of the tensile strength in the ramie composite. As with the feed rate speed, the greater the spindle speed used to grind the composite, the lower the tensile strength of the composite. In this study, the maximum tensile strength value tends to be obtained by a composite with a spindle speed of 88 rpm and the lowest at a spindle speed of 1500 rpm. This study uses the type of chisel "brad and spur" with three kinds of diameter variations. The larger the diameter of the drill chisel used, the smaller the tensile strength of the composite obtained.
On the Frequency Dependence of the Gate Switching Instability in Silicon Carbide MOSFETs
Authors: Feil Maximilian Wolfgang , Waschneck Katja , Reisinger Hans , Salmen Paul , Rescher Gerald , Aichinger Thomas , Gustin Wolfgang , Grasser Tibor
Published: June 2023

Silicon carbide power metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) are suitable for more compact and energy efficient electric power conversion, pushing forward numerous key technologies in emission-free mobility and green power generation. These applications require fast gate switching up to hundreds of kilohertz. Typically, to assure a clear turn-off state of the electron channel, a negative turn-off gate bias is used in conjunction with a positive turn-on gate bias. Recently, several reports have revealed a new and so far unknown degradation mechanism that emerges during such operation conditions in apparently all commercial silicon carbide MOSFETs. As this mechanism arises upon gate switching, the terms gate switching instability (GSI) and gate switching stress (GSS) for the mechanism and the associated stress, respectively, have been introduced.Here, we show that this degradation mechanism does not depend on the used frequency up to at least 2 MHz, but that it is actually related to the cumulative number of switching cycles. For this purpose, we performed measurements at various frequencies comprising ultra-fast in-situ measurements of the threshold voltage and pre- and post-stress characterization by impedance analysis. The results are important both for understanding the underlying physics and for developing a correct methodology for industrial device qualification.
Mathematical Model of Shear Stress Transfer at Fiber-Matrix Interface of Composite Material
Authors: Budiman Bentang Arief , Triawan Farid , Nurprasetio Ignatius Pulung
Published: June 2023

This paper shows a mathematical model of shear stress transfer at the interface between fiber and matrix composite. The stress transfer is a key parameter determining the quality of fiber-matrix interface, which directly correlates with the composite performance as load-bearing structures. The model is derived from the energy balance approach in prior and post fiber cracking. The debonding process is included in the model by implementing traction-separation law. The results show the developed model can predict the shear stress along with the interface. There are significant differences in shear stress by considering the debonding process compared with conventional models. The debonding process must be regarded to assure an accurate evaluation of the interface quality.
Improving Fiber-Matrix Compatibility by Surface Modification of Coconut Coir Fiber Using White Rot Fungi
Authors: Arsyad Hairul , Arma Lukmanul Hakim , Syahid Muhammad , Putra Muhammad Try
Published: June 2023

Compatibility between elements in natural fiber based-composite always becomes a hot issue. The presence of lignin in natural fibers inhibits interlock with its matrix. This research investigates the degradation of lignin encapsulating coconut coir fiber using white-rot fungus (Pleurotus Ostreatus) and its effect on composite compatibility. The process of delignification was carried out by exposing coconut coir fibers in the media where the white-rot fungus was incubated and grown. The period of exposure was 10, 20, and 30 days, and the ratio of coconut coir fiber to white-rot fungi were 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1.5:1 (by weight). To find the effect of delignification, several tests were conducted namely lignin content, fiber surface morphology, wettability, and pull-out tensile test. The results show that there is a reduction in the lignin content of the fibers. The largest reduction is 27.11% for 30 days of exposure times with the ratio of 1:1.5. The surface morphology of the fibers is smoother due to the loss of lignin. In the wettability test, it is found a decrease in the contact angle between the fibers and the resin. In line with that, the pull-out tensile test reveals a double increase in the IFSS value reaching 115.54%. This significant improvement might be due to the interlocking ability contributed by surface modification of the fibers. Since this chemical-free treatment promotes good composite compatibility, it might be introduced as an environmentally friendly treatment in the production of natural fiber based-composites
Optimization of TaSi2 Processing for 500 °C Durable SiC JFET-R Integrated Circuits
Authors: Spry David J. , Neudeck Philip G. , Chang Carl W. , Rajgopal Srihari , Gonzalez Jose M.
Published: June 2023

Experiments are described towards optimizing tantalum silicide (TaSi2) interconnect metal film sputter-deposition and annealing in a manner compatible with the NASA Glenn two-layer interconnect silicon carbide (SiC) JFET-R IC process flow. Films deposited on 100 mm diameter wafers were investigated over a range of film thickness, sputter deposition, and post-deposition anneal conditions. An optimized process that achieved TaSi2 films free of cracking and morphological defects while nearly halving post-anneal stress was developed and will be used for completing the interconnect fabrication of prototype IC Gen. 12 SiC JFET-R ICs.
The Optical Properties of the Carbon Di-Vacancy-Antisite Complex in the Light of the TS Photoluminescence Center
Authors: Schober Maximilian , Jungwirth Nicolas , Kobayashi Takuma , Lehmeyer Johannes A.F. , Krieger Michael , Weber Heiko B. , Bockstedte Michel
Published: June 2023

The TS center is a promising temperature-stable photoluminescence center in 4H SiC. Here we investigate the carbon di-vacancy-antisite complex inthe framework of ab initio theory as a tentative model for the TS center. We identify optical transitionsof the basal complexes with the TS lines based on excitation energies, Stark shifts, and radiative char acteristics. Charge-state-control of the TS center in p- and n-type Schottky contacts is demonstrated. Our experimental findings are consistent with the positively charged complex.
Chip-Top Packaging Technology for SiC Devices Operational at 250°C with Power-Cycling Durability of over 300,000 Cycles
Authors: Tanaka So , Shinkai Jiro , Ikegawa Masato , Kato Fumiki , Sato Hiroshi , Kurashima Hiromi , Mikamura Yasuki
Published: June 2023

This study reports on our cutting-edge packaging technology that achieves high power-cycling (PC) durability of silicon carbide (SiC) devices in high-temperature environments up to 250 °C. The key to improving durability is the precise adjustment of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the buffer layer bonded onto the SiC chip. It suppresses the creep rupture of the aluminum chip electrode, resulting in a 2.7-fold improvement in the lifetime at 200 °C from the previously reported 334,000 to 905,000 cycles. The developed structure is subjected to a 250 °C test and a lifetime of 350,000 cycles is successfully demonstrated.
Investigations on 4H-SiC Low Voltage nMOSFETs with Thin Thermal SiO2/ Deposited Oxide Gate Dielectric
Authors: Cho Kevin Kyu Heon , Lee Brian , Kim Ki Min , Choi Doo Jin , Park Kyeong Seok
Published: June 2023

The poor quality of SiC/SiO2 interface significantly limits the channel mobility, especially in 4H-SiC MOSFETs. Several strategies have been addressed to overcome this issue. Nitridation by NO has been adopted widely by manufactures because nitrogen may replace carbon in some chemical bond at the SiC/SiO2 interface. However, excessive nitridation is not desirable because of pronounced hole-trapping effects near the conduction band. As an alternative gate dielectric, thin SiO2/deposited oxide stack has been investigated in 4H-SiC lateral nMOSFETs. Overall performances were reviewed in aspects of transfer/gm/reverse characteristics, charge pumping method and TLP characteristics.
The Optimal Performance of a Geopolymer Hollow Pyramidal Microwave Absorber with Triangular Slotted
Authors: Asmadi Mohamad Faisal , Abdullah Hasnain , Taib Mohd Nasir , Fazin Mas Izzati , Ahmad Azizah , Kasim Nazirah Mohamat , Ismail Noor Azila , Jumidali Mohd Muzafa
Published: June 2023

In recent year, the development of the electronic devices is rapidly growing and that was used in entire world but electronic devices generate the electromagnetic wave (EM) radiation. That radiation can affect the people’s health and interference normal operation of other electronic devices. Hence the researchers have conducted studies in the field of microwave absorption to reduce the risk of electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Microwave absorber comes with many form and material to enhance the absorption performance. This study aims to improve absorption performance of pyramidal geopolymer microwave absorber by using slotted design. The slotted design used on pyramidal geopolymer microwave absorber is triangular shape and that shape was isosceles triangle type. The hollow pyramidal was coated with a geopolymer absorbing material to form hollow pyramidal microwave absorber. Geopolymers are formed by a process called geopolymerization, which involves the chemical bonding of the ingredients together. This study used sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and Powder Activated Carbon (PAC) to make geopolymer absorbing material. Measurement had been done successfully via far field measurement using arch method at 1 GHz to 12 GHz. The absorptivity of hollow pyramidal triangular slotted geopolymer microwave absorber is observed at each frequency band covering the L, S, C and X bands. The result is compared with their maximum absorption in each frequency band and also shows geopolymer material produces good absorption performance. The result shows triangular slotted design is capable of achieving very high absorption performance which is -26.32 dB.
Reliability and Standardization for SiC Power Devices
Authors: Gajewski Donald A. , Ganguly Satyaki , Lichtenwalner Daniel J. , van Brunt Edward , Hull Brett , Allen Scott , Palmour John W.
Published: June 2023

The demand is rapidly increasing for SiC MOSFETs and diodes for power electronic conversion semiconductor (PECS) applications such as electrified vehicle charging and traction, energy storage systems and industrial power supplies. These applications employ a high quantity of large-area die per system while demanding high system-level reliability under aggressive electrical and environmental operating conditions. In addition, SiC devices exhibit some failure mechanisms that are less severe than, or non-existent, in Si devices. This situation demands thorough and novel device reliability characterization and quantification. It is also driving the development of industry consortia standards and guidelines at a much faster rate, and relatively earlier in the technology maturation phase, than occurred in the Si industry. In this paper, I will review some of the key published reliability performance data, stress procedure methodologies used, and implications for key applications. I will also compare and contrast the existing guideline and standard documents and suggest directions that are being explored for future documents. I will also discuss how future guidelines and standards are being developed to cover the SiC-specific failure mechanisms for representative mission profiles for some key applications, particularly electrified vehicles.
Analysis of Voltage, Current Density, and Welding Speed of Flux Core Arc Welding on the Hardness and Micro-Structure of High Strength Low Alloy (ASTM A572)
Authors: Afkari Muhammad Ziyad , Hastuty Sri , Barrinaya Muhammad Akbar , Awwaluddin Muhammad , Anwar Mochamad Syaiful , Sunnardianto Gagus Ketut , Mahmuddin Faisal
Published: June 2023

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Flux Core Arc Welding factors on the mechanical properties of High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA). These selected welding parameters were the voltage, current density and welding speed which determined the heat input. The mechanical properties were obtained by performing the hardness test. As for the microstructure changes were observed by metallography test. In the weld metal area, the highest hardness value of 177.8 HV was found in sample with low heat input, followed by high heat input samples of 167.03 HV. From the results, the hardness value is inversely proportional to the heat input. Furthermore, the metallography test gave a result that the hardness has a strong correlation with the ratio of ferrite and pearlite. The higher the hardness, the ratio of ferrite and pearlite was smaller.
Evaluation of Strain in 3C-SiC/Si Epiwafers from X-Ray Diffraction Measurements
Authors: Zielinski Marcin , Bussel Marc , Mank Hugues , Monnoye Sylvain , Portail Marc , Michon Adrien , Cordier Yvon , Scuderi Viviana , La Via Francesco
Published: June 2023

X-Ray diffraction measurements of lattice parameter were performed for (111) and (100) oriented 3C-SiC/Si epiwafers. Strain of 3C-SiC epilayer and Si substrate were estimated and the result was compared with routine wafer deformation measurements. An unexpected discrepancy was observed between XRD and curvature measurements for (100) oriented samples.
First-Principles Insights into the Acetic Acid Sensing Capability of the C39N Armchair Nanotube
Authors: Pido Alvanh Alem G. , Munio Art Anthony Z.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, (5,5) single-walled carbon nanotube was doped by substitutional nitrogen (N) atom forming bridgehead C-N bonds in the resulting C39N armchair nanotube. It was then interacted with acetic acid to investigate its detection capability using first-principles calculations in the context of Density Functional Theory (DFT). As known, DFT is a very efficient and accurate method in calculating the properties of the atoms and molecules, and their interactions. Accordingly, the O-H bond of the acid has not undergone a heterolytic dissociation caused by the weak interaction of the materials. In the valence region of the C39N-acid, the O atoms (2p) are the main causes of additional states as shown in the projected density of states (pDOS). Calculations of the charge density difference revealed the occurrence of charge redistribution and nonuniform charge transfer between the acid and the sidewalls of the C39N. Further topological investigation of the system revealed no localized electrons between the interaction points indicating a physical binding mechanism. These electronic responses have shown the biosensing ability of C39N to detect and capture acetic acid.
Semiconductor TiO2 Coating Deposited by Microwave Plasma Method
Authors: Amaliyah Novriany , Hayat Azwar , Putra Andi Erwin E. , Rahim Ismail , Sakka Asriadi
Published: June 2023

Transparent conducting glass is a crucial layer of Dye Synthesized Solar Cell (DSSC), due to it allows sunlight penetrating to the solar cell. DSSC has a low efficiency until semiconductor Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) was employed as the anode material. TiO2 has a high photosensitivity, high structure, stability under solar irradiation and in solution, and low cost. In this study TiO2 was deposited on the conductive glass using microwave plasma method. Plasma was generated using electromagnetic wave from microwave magnetron. TiO2 powder was dissolved using pure water and ethanol at different concentration. The coating process was conducted on a 2.5 x 2.5 cm of a conductive glass, and the effect of plasma generation time was observed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 5 minutes. The thickness, roughness, and microstructure of TiO2 coating on the conductive glass was observed using 3D measuring laser OLS4100. The result shows that the fabrication of TiO2 coatings using microwave plasma is feasible. The concentration of solution and plasma generation time plays an important role to the thickness, roughness, and microstructure of TiO2 coatings. An optimum result was obtained at plasma generation time of 0.5 minute with 12.49 μm and 3.398 μm of thickness and roughness respectively using 10 g TiO2 + 50 ml ethanol and 40 ml H2O.
AC-Stress Degradation in SiC MOSFETs
Authors: Lelis Aivars J. , Habersat Daniel B.
Published: June 2023

This work presents very recent results regarding threshold-voltage (VT) degradation due to the application of an AC gate-bias stress (also known as a gate-switching stress). We show that this phenomenon includes both a seemingly-permanent VT shift and an increase in the observed VT hysteresis. This degradation effect is found primarily in trench-geometry devices when exposed to what can be described as a negative bias overstress that exceeds the negative bias rating of the device, but that not all trench devices are equally susceptible, suggesting that device design and processing details are critical in limiting the severity of this effect.
Suppression of In-Grown SF Formation and BPD Propagation in 4H-Sic Epitaxial Layer by Sublimating Sub-Surface Damage before the Growth
Authors: Toda Kohei , Dojima Daichi , Kojima Kiyoshi , Mihara Hiroshi , Mitani Shinichi , Kaneko Tadaaki
Published: June 2023

It is known that basal plane dislocations (BPDs) and in-grown stacking faults (IGSFs) in the 4H-SiC epitaxial layer cause severe electrical degradation in SiC devices. The impact that sub-surface damage (SSD) on a production-grade 4H-SiC substrate with CMP-finished surface causes on both the BPD propagation and IGSF formation during epitaxial growth was investigated by Dynamic AGE-ing (DA). The substrates etched by DA sublimation etching to adjust the residual amount of SSD maintaining a smooth surface without macro step bunching were grown to observe BPD and IGSF density. The obtained results showed that these defect densities decreased exponentially with increasing etching depth. We demonstrated SSD introduced by mechanical processing led BPDs and IGSFs to extend or introduce to the epitaxial layer.
Study on the Mechanical Properties and Behavior of Corrugated Cardboard under Tensile and Compression Loads
Authors: Zulaikah Siti , Triawan Farid , Budiman Bentang Arief , Romadhon Yusuf , Kamaludin Doddy
Published: June 2023

Corrugated cardboard has multilayer construction that produces rigid, durable, and worthy material for shipping heavy goods or hazmat. The numerous advantages offered have made it a worldwide staple in the warehousing, packaging, and transportation industries. Unfortunately, studies on corrugated cardboard’s mechanical properties and behavior are still limited due to the complexity of structures and testing procedures. The present work investigates corrugated cardboard’s mechanical properties and behavior by conducting uniaxial tensile and compressive tests. Three different testing directions in x, y, and z-axes were applied on AA-flute double-wall (AA/F-DW) or virgin pulp paper Bi-Wall corrugated cardboard. The stress-strain curve is measured and evaluated to obtain the mechanical properties, i.e., yield strength and ultimate strength. The result shows that corrugated cardboard has linear and non-linear mechanical behavior or elastic-plastic regions under those different directions. Moreover, the flute on the corrugated cardboard gives jaggedness to the stress-strain curve and makes the material more elastic, more durable, and has better absorbing energy capacity. This finding could be used to design any products, such as a packaging frame made of corrugated cardboard, where the strength of the structure could be predicted based on the mechanical properties and behavior.
Childhood vitiligo developing after COVID-19 infection
Authors: Viglizzo Gianmaria , Herzum Astrid , Gariazzo Lodovica , Olcese Camilla , Occella Corrado
Published: June 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 vaccinations have been linked to immune cutaneous manifestations, mostly presenting similar clinical pictures.1 Among immune skin reactions associated with COVID-19 vaccines, hypopigmentations and vitiligo have been extensively reported.2 Conversely, reports of vitiligo following COVID-19 itself are scarce up to date, completely lacking in children.3,4 Herein we present a case of childhood vitiligo developing shortly after COVID-19 infection.
Pediatric spitzoid lesions of the ear: a single center experience and review of literature
Authors: Viglizzo Gianmaria , Herzum Astrid , Gariazzo Lodovica , Garibeh Ehab , Occella Corrado
Published: June 2023

Background and objectives. Spitzoid lesions are challenging melanocytic lesions comprising benign, intermediate, and malignant lesions. In this study, we aimed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of clinical and dermatoscopical evaluation of pediatric spitzoid ear lesions. Materials and Methods. We collected and analyzed, clinically, dermatoscopically and histologically, pediatric spitzoid ear lesions. Also, we conducted a systematic review of literature. Results. At the Pediatric Hospital Gaslini, excision and histopathological evaluation were performed on eight cases: 87.5% of lesions were consistent with Spitz nevus (SN), and 12.5% with atypical Spitz tumor AST. Notably, multiple (≥2) dermatoscopical irregularities were present in five of seven SN (71%), yet none were found in AST 0/1 (0%). (Fisher’s exact test p=0.375). From systematic research of the literature, 9 patients were included in this review. At histology, 88.9% were SN, and 11% AST. Of note, also in literature, multiple dermatoscopical irregularities, were present in most SN (75%, 6/8), not in the identified AST (0%, 0/1) (p=0.3333). Conclusions. We present a monocentric study on pediatric spitzoid ear lesions. Importantly, dermatoscopical irregularities were not significantly associated to AST, neither in our series, nor in the reviewed literature (respectively p=0.375 and p=0.3333) supporting the fact that relying only on the dermatoscopical aspect of spitzoid lesions is not accurate enough for the special site of the ear, where dermatoscopy could be actually misleading.
Predation attempts on Hoopoe Upupa epops nests in a rural Mediterranean area of central Italy
Authors: Annessi Matteo , Montemaggiori Alessandro
Published: June 2023

Seventeen predation attempts on four Hoopoe Upupa epops nests in an heterogenous agricultural Mediterranean area of central Italy were recorded during breeding seasons 2020-21. Camera traps identified 7 different predators’ species, mainly Western whip snake Hierophis viridiflavus and Black rat Rattus rattus. Uropygial secretions and hissing calls from chicks and incubating female inside the breeding cavity always saved the clutches, while no active defense was performed by parents if outside the nest.
Using Machine Learning to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients without Established Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Ghosal Samit , Sinha Binayak
Published: June 2023

Background:

Cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment is the cornerstone for choosing the most appropriate antihyperglycemic agent. One of the major obstacles in the use of such scores is that the process is time-consuming, which is a deterrent in a busy clinic. The aim of the present analysis was to explore a means of reducing the number of inputs to make the scoring faster and more acceptable to physicians.

Materials and Methods:

We used the MARK survey dataset to assess the utility of the QRISK 3 CV risk score in the Indian population (n = 1538); participants were recruited from five zones (east, west, north, south, and central). Machine learning (ML) techniques were used to analyze the existing MARK data. The XGBoost algorithm was used to create the model needed to identify the clinical parameters of interest. Dimension reduction techniques were employed to identify the clinical parameters of importance based on the accrued gain values. As the final step, a confusion matrix was created to assess the model's accuracy and precision.

Results:

We identified 10 parameters of clinical interest that could predict the 10-year CV risk and were comparable with the QRISK 3 score (with 22 parameters). The parameters identified by ML were age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, blood pressure, treatment with antihypertensive agents, angina, total cholesterol, the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and chronic kidney disease. This dimension reduction was possible with a model accuracy of 94.4%.

Conclusion:

There were 10 routinely assessed parameters identified with ML techniques that can assist physicians in determining the CV risk of type 2 diabetes patients within a short period of time.
Dyspnea Management in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using Occupation-Based Interventions
Authors: Vij Shivani Bharti
Published: June 2023

Demand for occupational therapy (OT) practitioners is increasing to help the growing population of adults with chronic conditions. Dyspnea, the feeling of shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, is the primary reason patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) seek medical services. The case report focused on occupation-based OT interventions for an 84-year-old female suffering from COPD for the past 20 years. She was a homemaker, and her main symptoms were dyspnea and weakness that affected her sleep, leisure, and self-care task participation. The patient had consulted for ten OT sessions, including the follow-up. The interventions used were participation in leisure occupation, dyspnea management using controlled breathing and energy conservation techniques, aerobic training to promote overall well-being and activity tolerance, and sleep management. Significant improvement at discharge was noted in all areas mentioned above, evident from scores improvement in all four standardized tests, 15% improvement in Modified Barthel Index Shah Version, 14% improvement in Geriatric Depression Scale, 29% improvement in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and 40% improvement in Borg Rating for Perceived Exertion Scale.
Differential Perspectives by Specialty on Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Korean Oligometastasis Working Group’s Comparative Survey Study
Authors: Cho Won Kyung , Yoo Gyu Sang , Rim Chai Hong , Jeong Jae-Uk , Chie Eui Kyu , Ahn Yong Chan , Cho Hyeon-Min , Um Jun Won , Suh Yang-Gun , Chang Ah Ram , Lee Jong Hoon ,   On behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association
Published: June 2023

Purpose Despite numerous studies on the optimal treatments for oligometastatic disease (OMD), there is no established interdisciplinary consensus on its diagnosis or classification. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the differential opinions of colorectal surgeons and radiation oncologists regarding the definition and treatment of OMD from the colorectal primary.Materials and Methods A total of 141 participants were included in this study, consisting of 63 radiation oncologists (44.7%) and 78 colorectal surgeons (55.3%). The survey consisted of 19 questions related to OMD, and the responses were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine statistical differences between the specialties.Results The radiation oncologists chose “bone” more frequently compared to the colorectal surgeons (19.2% vs. 36.5%, p=0.022), while colorectal surgeons favored “peritoneal seeding” (26.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.009). Regarding the number of metastatic tumors, 48.3% of colorectal surgeons responded that “irrelevant, if all metastatic lesions are amendable to local therapy”, while only 21.8% of radiation oncologist chose same answer. When asked about molecular diagnosis, most surgeons (74.8%) said it was important, but only 35.8% of radiation oncologists agreed.Conclusion This study demonstrates that although radiation oncologists and colorectal surgeons agreed on a majority of aspects such as diagnostic imaging, biomarker, systemic therapy, and optimal timing of OMD, they also had quite different perspectives on several aspects of OMD. Understanding these differences is crucial to achieving multidisciplinary consensus on the definition and optimal management of OMD.
Modeling Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries at Cell and Module
Level Using Predictive Chemistry
Authors: Gundlapally Santhosh , Holcomb Brad , Artukovic Dominik
Published: June 2023

Thermal runaway of lithium (Li)-ion batteries is a serious concern for engineers
developing battery packs for electric vehicles, energy storage, and various
other applications due to the serious consequences associated with such an
event. Understanding the causes of the onset and subsequent propagation of the
thermal runaway phenomenon is an area of active research. It is well known that
the thermal runaway phenomenon is triggered when the heat generation rate by
chemical reactions within a cell exceeds the heat dissipation rate. Thermal
runaway is usually initiated in one or a group of cells due to thermal,
mechanical, and electrical abuse such as elevated temperature, crushing, nail
penetration, or overcharging. The rate of propagation of thermal runaway to
other cells in the battery pack depends on the pack design and thermal
management system. Estimating the thermal runaway propagation rate is crucial
for engineering safe battery packs and for developing safety testing protocols.
Since experimentally evaluating different pack designs and thermal management
strategies is both expensive and time consuming, physics-based models play a
vital role in the engineering of safe battery packs. In this article, we present
all the necessary background information needed for developing accurate thermal
runaway models based on predictive chemistry. A framework that accommodates
different types of chemical reactions that need to be modeled, such as solid
electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formation and decomposition, anode-solvent
and cathode-solvent interactions, electrolyte decomposition, and separator
melting, is developed. Additionally, the combustion of vent gas is also modeled.
A validated chemistry model is used to develop a module-level model consisting
of networks of pouch cells, flow, thermal, and control components, which is then
used to study the thermal runaway propagation at different coolant flow
rates.
Conceptions des étudiants des classes préparatoires en Tunisie sur l'intégrale de Riemann
Authors: Akrouti Inen , Mrabet Slim
Published: June 2023

The integral is one of the most important topics in Calculus that is difficult to be understood by many students. When solving definite integral application problems, previous research emphasizes that students found the antiderivative procedure more useful and easier than the approximation process or area (Akrouti, 2020). This paper focuses on students' conceptions of the definite integral in the first year of preparatory class. Data were collected from students' written responses to questions that relate to their views of integration. The analysis shows that the majority of students choose the algebraic process to evaluate the proposed integrals. Participants were first-semester calculus students enrolled in a public university.
Gross Morphometric Effects of Liv-52 on Rifampicin and Isoniazid Induced Hepatotoxicity Among Albino Rats
Authors: Lwunza Libamila Hans , Arasa Ouno Geoffrey , Norman Demba Rodgers
Published: June 2023

Background: Gross morphometric parameters of the liver entails weight, width and height. Hepatotoxicity is an injury to the liver due to chemicals or environmental toxins. Rifampicin (RIF) and Isoniazid (INH) are main medicines used in treatment of Tuberculosis and they induce hepatotoxicity. Liv-52 is polyherbal formulation having clinical use in treatment of liver disorders. Methods: Posttest-only experimental study design was adopted. 24 albino rats between 150g to 250g were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 6 rats each. A negative control group (no intervention). Positive control group; INH 50mg/kgbwt and RIF 50mg/kgbwt. Low dose Liv-52 group of INH 50mg/kgbwt, RIF 50mg/kgbwt and Liv-52 155mg/kgbwt. High dose Liv-52 group; INH 50mg/kgbwt, RIF 50mg/kgbwt and Liv-52 207mg/kgbwt. After 21 days, the albino rats were sacrificed humanely, liver removed, weighed and the gross morphometric measurements done using a caliper and ruler. The results were presented in tables and figures. Results: The morphometric measurements recorded a significant increase (p
Afet ve Acil Durumlarda Sosyal Altyapı Alanlarının Toplanma Alanı Olarak Belirlenme Kriterleri ve Yöntemi
Authors: ERDİN Hilmi Evren , ZENGİN ÇELİK Hayat , SILAYDIN AYDIN Mediha Burcu , PARTİGÖÇ Nur Sinem
Published: June 2023

Kentsel mekânda yer alan boşluklar (açık ve yeşil alanlar, meydanlar, spor alanları, kamu kurum alanlarının bahçeleri vb. sosyal altyapı alanları) bir afet durumunda acil kurtarma, müdahale, yardım gibi desteklerin kentliye sunulabilmesi için son derece hayati öneme sahip alanları oluşturmaktadır. Bu alanların sahip olduğu öneme rağmen gerek ulusal gerekse de uluslararası ölçekte belirlenmiş yeterli düzeyde norm ve standartlar bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca ülkemizde sorunlu kentleşme pratiği içerisinde toplanma alanlarının belirlenmesi için ortak kabul gören kriterler ve bu kriterlerin hangi sistemle değerlendirmeye alınacağına ilişkin tariflenmiş bir yöntem de bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle afet yönetimi çalışmalarında toplanma alanı olarak tariflenen bu tür alanların bir sistem dahilinde ele alınması gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada, afet ve acil durumlarda toplanma alanlarını belirlemeye yönelik bir yöntem önerilmektedir. Çalışma, kullanılabilirlik, güvenlik ve erişilebilirlik kriterleri temelinde uygunluk ve yeterlilik ölçütlerini tartışmakta ve afet durumunda halkın toplanma alanlarının belirlenmesine yönelik Türkiye’nin bütün kentlerinde kullanılabilir bir kriter seti ve dört aşamalı bir yöntem ortaya koymaktadır.
Printing Industry in the European Union
Authors: AKYIL Laçin
Published: June 2023

The printing industry has existed in Europe for many years. The printing industry primarily cooperates with many sectors, such as paper, recycling, energy, and forest products. The printing industry also creates employment for European Union citizens. According to the data of the European Commission, it is seen that approximately 800,000 workers are employed in the printing sector within the borders of the European Union, and approximately 120,000 enterprises operate in this sector. However, printing companies generate an annual turnover of approximately €88 billion from printing on paper, plastic, or textile. Therefore, the printing industry significantly contributes to the Union's economy. However, the global change and transformation process, which has emerged in recent years due to reasons such as the spread of digital technology, increasing costs, the global competitive environment, and the occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic, undoubtedly also affect the printing industry. This study will discuss the historical development process of the printing industry in the European Union, the problems faced by the industry today, and the opportunities in the printing industry.
Assessment of population exposure dose resulted from liquid discharges of Belarusian NPP in normal operation mode
Authors:   Scientific Practical Centre of Hygiene, Rozdyalouskaya Larisa F. , Nikalayenka Alena U. ,   Scientific Practical Centre of Hygiene, Huseinava Dziyana I. ,   Scientific Practical Centre of Hygiene, Kliaus Viktoryia V. ,   Scientific Practical Centre of Hygiene
Published: June 2023

Radiation safety of the population from liquid discharges of the Belarusian NPP (hereinafter - BelNPP) into surface water bodies is considered to be ensured if the exposure dose to the population due to the discharges does not exceed the value of the Dose Constraint (hereinafter - DC) established by the sanitary norms and rules for ensuring radiation safety: 50 gSv/year. If there are prerequisites for the possibility of reducing the specified DC standard, it can be revised by decision of the state sanitary supervision institutions based on estimates of annual effective doses to the population (hereinafter -referred to as YED) for a certain period of NPP operation. The purpose of the study was to consider the rightfulness of the established value of the DC standard by comparing it with the calculated values of the YED of the population from the design and predictive actual liquid discharges of the BelNPP after the commissioning of the plant. As model parameters for predictive estimates, data on actual liquid discharges from NPP - analogues of the BelNPP with a VVER-1200 reactor were used. The article presents the results of the assessment and analysis of the YED from the design and predictive actual liquid discharges of the BelNPP through all exposure pathways. It is shown that the predictive estimates of the actual YED of the population are comparable with the design YED from BelNPP discharges into the Viliya River and do not exceed 22 % of the corresponding DC standard. The remaining reserve of 78 % is sufficient to reliably ensure compliance with the DC standard for public exposure from liquid radioactive discharges of the BelNPP, including after the commissioning of the second power unit. At least 80 % of the YED of the population from liquid discharges of the BelNPP into the Viliya River will be formed due to internal irradiation, to a large extent from the consumption of fish caught in the river. External exposure of the population from liquid discharges of the BelNPP occurs mainly when staying on the beach, its contribution to the total YED from discharges does not exceed 20 %. The list of the main dose-forming radionuclides was determined and the necessity of mandatory control of the volumetric concentration of radionuclides 131I, 60Co, 58Co, 54Mn, 90Sr in waste waters of the BelNPP was substantiated.
PENERAPAN HUKUM ACARA DALAM PERSIDANGAN TERBUKA PELANGGARAN KODE ETIK PENYELENGGARA PEMILU PADA PEMILU TAHUN 2019
Authors: Novriadi Eka
Published: June 2023

Penegakan kode etik melalui mekanisme persidangan secara terbuka dimaksudkan agar penegakan kode etik dapat dilakukan secara transparan dan akuntabel dengan menganut prinsip-prinsip peradilan modern. Kebijakan hukum penanganan pelanggaran kode etik melalui mekanisme persidangan terbuka tersebut telah diadopsi oleh undang-undang pemilu semenjak pemilu sebelumnya. Sehingga, pelaksanaan sidang kode etik secara optimal oleh Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu (DKPP) pada Pemilu tahun 2019 menjadi keharusan yang tidak dapat ditawar. Kajian ini menarik setidaknya ditopang oleh 2 (dua) alasan penting, pertama, regulasi pemilu memberikan ruang yang sangat luas kepada DKPP untuk menegakkan kode etik penyelenggara pemilu, kedua, mekanisme penegakan kode etik di DKPP adalah pertama dan terakhir serta putusannya bersifat final dan mengikat. Penelitian ini ingin menjawab pertanyaan bagaimanakah penerapan hukum acara dalam pemeriksaan pelanggaran etik penyelenggara pemilu melalui persidangan terbuka pada Pemilu tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan regulasi (statute approach), yang kemudian disandingkan dengan kasus-kasus yang ada (case approach) selama Pemilu 2019. Penelitian sampai pada kesimpulan dimana penerapan hukum acara dalam persidangan etik penyelenggara pemilu oleh DKPP pada Pemilu tahun 2019 belum dilakukan secara konsisten. Hal tersebut terlihat dalam dua praktik, yaitu adanya perbedaan penerapan hukum acara pada satu perkara dengan perkara lainnya, dan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara pengaturan norma dalam hukum acara dengan apa yang diterapkan oleh DKPP dalam praktiknya.
Determination of Yield and Yield Components of Some Sweet Fennel Populations
Authors: GÜNDOĞMUŞ ÇETİNKAYA Seyhan , DOĞAN Hülya
Published: June 2023

This research was carried out to determine the yield and yield characteristics of some sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. dulce) populations obtained from different regions in Yozgat ecological conditions. The experiment was established in Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Agriculture, Research and Application Area in the vegetation period of 2019, according to the random blocks trial pattern with 3 replications. In the study, the emergence of four different sweet fennel populations, biological yield (kg/da), plant height (cm), number of branches per plant (pieces/plant), number of umbellets per plant (pieces/plant), number of small umbellets per plant (pieces/plant), number of seed per plant (pieces) /plant), seed yield per plant (g/plant), seed yield (kg/da), 1000 seed weight (g), essential oil content (%), essential oil yield (L/da) were investigated. According to the results, the plant height of sweet fennel is 48.33-59.56 cm, the number of branches in the plant is 5.00-5.96, seed yield is 8.52-13.60 g per plant; one thousand seed weight is 3.82-7.435 g biological yield 708.70-1972.00 kg/da seed yield, 67.96-198.43 kg/da essential oil ratio 3- 4.20% essential oil yield 5.35-15.06 L/da was observed. Consequently, it has been concluded that the population of Tokat was found to have outstanding characteristics in terms of seed yield and essential oil yield.
STUDY OF THE RHEOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FRUCTAN FRACTIONS OF Agave tequilana cv. cenizo
Authors: Aldrete-Herrera Pamela Isabel , López Mercedes Guadalupe , Ceja-Medina Luis Isaacs , Medina-Torres Luis , Ortiz-Basurto Rosa Isela
Published: June 2023

The physico-mechanical properties of fructan fractions in different agave species without Tequila Denomination of Origin (DOT) need to be studied to identify and expand industrial applications. The rheological and physicochemical characterization of three fractions of Agave tequilana cv. cenizo fructans without DOT, with different degree of polymerization (DP) was carried out to propose their use as an additive in the food industry. Fractions were obtained by apparent DP enrichment (DPa) by stepwise ultradiafiltration with 10, 5 and 1 kilodalton (kDa) membranes and classified on the basis of the enriched fraction evidenced by HPLC profiling with amperometric detector. The ultradiafiltrate of the membrane with 10 kDa, called High Degree of Polymerization (HDP), showed enrichment of fructans with high DPa ≥ 30, the one with 5 kDa called Intermediate Degree of Polymerization (IDP), presents enrichment in DPa between 10 to 30, these fractions dried by spray, showed a modal particle size distribution (D [4,3] < 20 µm). In the ultradiafiltrate of the 1 kDa membrane, called Low Polymerization Grade (LDP), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and fructans with maximum DPa of 15 were enriched; this sample was concentrated to 72 °Brix. The glass transition (Tg) showed a DPa-dependent increase (LDP = 152.17 °C, IDP = 216.12 °C and HDP = 227.5 °C). Viscosity was dependent on the degree of polymerization, exhibiting thermo-mechanically stable flow behavior. The reconstituted powders exhibited Newtonian and flow-stable behavior in a concentration range of 2-50 %, temperature of 5-45 °C and pH of 2-9. The macro and micro structural properties identified in the respective fractions of agave fructans, diversify possible applications with potential interest as encapsulating material, stabilizer and prebiotic sweetener, among others that agave fructans have in the food and nutraceutical industry.
ИЛК ЎРТА АСРЛАРДА ХОРАЗМДА КЕЧГАН ЭТНОМАДАНИЙ ЖАРАЁНЛАР
Authors: Неъматов Рустам
Published: June 2023

Мазкур мақолада илк ўрта асрларда Хоразм воҳасида кечган йирик сиёсий ва этномаданий жараёнлар борасида сўз боради. Бундан ташқари воҳанинг ижтимоий-сиёсий ва иқтисодий-маданий жараёнлари минтақанинг бир қатор ҳудудларига маданий ассимиляциялашуви, шунингдек, воҳа тарихи тўғрисидаги тарихий ёзма манбалар, илмий изланишлар натижаларидан олинган хулосалар асосида илмий мақолада таҳлил этилади.
COVID-19 PANDEMIYaSI OQIBATLARINI BARTARAF ETISH SHAROITIDA RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYaLARNI JORIY ETISH MASALALARI
Authors: Kurpayanidi Konstantin
Published: June 2023

Maqolada bugngi kunning dolzarb masalaliridan biriga aylangan COVID-19 pandemiyasi sharoitida (IT) axborot texnologiyalaridan keng foydalanishda raqamli texnologiyalarni joriy etish masallari yoritilgan bo‘lib, COVID-19 pandemiyasi ta'siri natijasida milliy iqtisodiyotni raqamlashtirish unda blokcheyn texnologiyasi, IT texnologiyalari, UI/X dizaynerlar, Back-end, front-end dasturlari, qo‘llash mamlakat iqtisodiyotini rivojlanishiga ijobiy ta'siri o‘rganilgan.
KOMPANIYALAR SAMARALI BOSHQARUV TIZIMIDA ICHKI NAZORATNING OʻRNI
Authors: Mexmonaliyev Ulugʻbek
Published: June 2023

Zamonaviy kompaniyalarning ichki nazorat tizimi uning istiqboli garovidir zero boshqaruvning samarali tashkil etilishi aniq qarorlar qabul qilish uchun moliyaviy-xoʻjalik faoliyati toʻgʻrisida eng shaffof hamda ishonchli iqtisodiy axborotlar va maʼlumotlarni taqdim etish, shakllantirish bilan chambarchas bogʻliqdir. Yuqori samarali ichki nazorat tizimi bu yoʻqotishlarni, kamchiliklarni qoidabuzarliklarni oldindan koʻra biladi va uni oldini oladi, tarkibiy boʻlinmalar tomonidan taqdim etilayotgan axborotlar, hisobotlar obyektivligi hamda ishonchliligini tasdiqlaydi, boshqaruvni osonlashtiradi va optimallashtiradi.
RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR ASOSIDA PEDAGOGLARNING PROFESSIONAL KOMPETENTLIGINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING PEDAGOGIK MODELI
Authors: Umarov Bekzod
Published: June 2023

Ushbu maqola pedagoglarning professional kompetentligini rivojlantirishda raqamli texnologiyalar imkoniyatilaridan unumli foydalanish, ta’limni raqamlashtirish aosisda ta’lim sifatiga ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatish, korrupsion munosabatlarni oldini olishda inson omilini yo‘qotishga qaratilgan pedagogik faoliyatni yo‘lga qo‘yishning ijtimoiy ahamiyati tadqiq etilgan.