bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Mortality in African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor, Coronary Artery Calcium, and High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein
Authors: Hayek Salim S. , Divers Jasmin , Raad Mohamad , Xu Jianzhao , Bowden Donald W. , Tracy Melissa , Reiser Jochen , Freedman Barry I.
Published: May 2018

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, outcomes in individual patients vary. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (su
PAR
) is a bone marrow–derived signaling molecule associated with adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in many populations. We characterized the determinants of su
PAR
in African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and assessed whether levels were useful for predicting mortality beyond clinical characteristics, coronary artery calcium (
CAC
), and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐
CRP
).

Methods and Results

We measured plasma su
PAR
levels in 500 African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus enrolled in the African American‐Diabetes Heart Study. We used Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for clinical characteristics,
CAC
, and hs‐
CRP
to examine the association between su
PAR
and all‐cause mortality. Last, we report the change in C‐statistics comparing the additive values of su
PAR
, hs‐
CRP
, and
CAC
to clinical models for prediction of mortality. The su
PAR
levels were independently associated with female sex, smoking, insulin use, decreased kidney function, albuminuria, and
CAC
. After a median 6.8‐year follow‐up, a total of 68 deaths (13.6%) were recorded. In a model incorporating su
PAR
,
CAC
, and hs‐
CRP
, only su
PAR
was significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio 2.66, 95% confidence interval 1.63‐4.34). Addition of su
PAR
to a baseline clinical model significantly improved the C‐statistic for all‐cause death (Δ0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.01‐0.10), whereas addition of
CAC
or hs‐
CRP
did not.

Conclusions

In African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus, su
PAR
was strongly associated with mortality and improved risk discrimination metrics beyond traditional risk factors,
CAC
and hs‐
CRP
. Studies addressing the clinical usefulness of measuring su
PAR
concentrations are warranted.
Whose Justice? Which Democracy? Justice, Reconciliation and Democracy in Post-Genocide Rwanda—Challenges to Public Theology
Authors: Schliesser Christine
Published: May 2018

How can a public theology advance the task of democracy in order to bring forth justice for all? This article focuses on post-genocide Rwanda as a current example of a country’s quest for justice, reconciliation and democratization after severe violent conflict. The first part traces the historical background of the Rwandan genocide with specific attention on the lack of just and democratic structures in pre-genocide Rwanda and the roles of the Christian churches therein. The second part explores the Christian churches’ involvement in the country’s current reconciliation process. Here, the Presbyterian Church of Rwanda (EPR) serves as a case study. The third part critically assesses the churches’ contribution to reconciliation with regards to how it serves to enhance—or hinder—the implementation of just and democratic structures.
Critical for Whom? Genealogy and the Limits of History
Authors: Carlson Liane
Published: May 2018

This article explores the relationships between the critical and persuasive claims of genealogy. It begins by contesting a recent trend in scholarship that insists genealogies are meant to dismantle metaphysical ideas, not persuade concrete individuals to give up their beliefs. It argues such an interpretation conflates genealogical critique into Kantian, excises the role of the reader, and illegitimately allows genealogists to escape the question of whether the method’s efficacy is historically contingent. The second section investigates the assumptions about the historical position and normative commitments of both the genealogist and the reader that must be in place for genealogy’s critical work to become persuasive. It then questions whether those assumptions are compatible with the basic commitments of genealogy as outlined by Nietzsche and Foucault. The final section asks whether structures of authority such that genealogy as a tool still addresses the authority structures of the present moment.
Quakers Reading Mystics
Authors: Birkel Michael
Published: May 2018

Over the centuries, Quakers have read non-Quakers regarded as mystics. This study explores the reception of mystical texts among the Religious Society of Friends, looking particularly at Robert Barclay and John Cassian, Sarah Lynes Grubb and Jeanne Guyon, Caroline Stephen and Johannes Tauler, Rufus Jones and Jacob Boehme, and Teresina Havens and Buddhist texts selected by her. Points of connection include the nature of apophatic prayer, suffering and annihilation of self, mysticisms of knowing and of loving, liberal Protestant attitudes toward theosophical systems, and interfaith encounter.
Hurricane Kinetic Energy Spectra from In Situ Aircraft Observations
Authors: Vonich P. Trent , Hakim Gregory J.
Published: May 2018

Since the pioneering paper by Nastrom and Gage on aircraft-derived power spectra, significant progress has been made in understanding the wavenumber distribution of energy in Earth’s atmosphere and its implications for the intrinsic limits of weather forecasting. Improvements in tropical cyclone intensity predictions have lagged those of global weather forecasting, and limited intrinsic predictability may be partially responsible. In this study, we construct power spectra from aircraft data of over 1200 missions carried out by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) Hurricane Hunters. Each mission is parsed into distinct flight legs, and legs meeting a specified set of criteria are used for spectral analysis. Here, we produce power spectra composites for each category of the Saffir–Simpson scale, revealing a systematic relationship between spectral slope and storm intensity. Specifically, as storm intensity increases, we find that 1) spectral slope becomes steeper across scales from 10 to 160 km and 2) the transition zone where spectral slope begins to steepen shifts downscale.
AMO Forcing of Multidecadal Pacific ITCZ Variability
Authors: Levine Aaron F. Z. , Frierson Dargan M. W. , McPhaden Michael J.
Published: May 2018

The Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) has been shown to play a major role in the multidecadal variability of the Northern Hemisphere, impacting temperature and precipitation, including intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)-driven precipitation across Africa and South America. Studies into the location of the intertropical convergence zone have suggested that it resides in the warmer hemisphere, with the poleward branch of the Hadley cell acting to transport energy from the warmer hemisphere to the cooler one. Given the impact of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation on Northern Hemisphere temperatures, we expect the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation to have an impact on the location of the intertropical convergence zone. We find that the positive phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation warms the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in a northward shift of the intertropical convergence zone, which is evident in the Pacific climate proxy record. Using a coupled climate model, we further find that the shift in the intertropical convergence zone is consistent with the surface energy imbalance generated by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation. In this model, the Pacific changes are driven in large part by the warming of the tropical Atlantic and not the extratropical Atlantic.
Vapor Condensation in Rice Fields and Its Contribution to Crop Evapotranspiration in the Subtropical Monsoon Climate of China
Authors: Liu Xiaoyin , Xu Junzeng , Yang Shihong , Zhang Jiangang , Wang Yijiang
Published: May 2018

While vapor condensation in arid and semiarid areas has garnered much attention, such information is scarce for humid crop production areas such as rice fields. In a water-saving irrigation (WSI) rice field, high-precision weighed microlysimeters allowed the direct and independent quantification of condensation over plants (Cc) and soil (Cs) through mass balance calculations. The occurrence frequency and rate of Cc generally exceeded that of Cs. Predominantly occurring between sunset and sunrise, particularly between 0400 and 0500 local time, Cc showed an overall maximum rate of 0.096 mm h−1. In contrast, Cs was highest between 0100 and 1100 local time and showed an overall maximum rate of 0.044 mm h−1. The occurrence of Cc, unlike that of Cs, required a surface temperature lower than the ambient temperature or dewpoint. Of 65 rain-free days, Cc and Cs occurred on 60 and 33 days, respectively. Seasonal Cc, Cs, and Cc + Cs were estimated as 32.3, 3.1, and 35.4 mm, respectively, and their contributions to seasonal rice transpiration T, evaporation E, and evapotranspiration (ET) were 9.5%, 1.6%, and 6.7%, respectively. The seasonal Cc + Cs was similar in magnitude to a routine irrigation quota and accounted for 10.8% of rainfall and 14.4% of irrigation in the WSI rice field. Therefore, vapor condensation in rice fields in a subtropical monsoon climate is an important component of the hydrological cycle and cannot be ignored when tabulating the field water balance, calculating field water consumption, or in irrigation scheduling.
On the Widths of Bands in the Infrared Spectra of Oxyanions
Authors: Griffiths Peter R. , Eastman Fries Brandy , Weakley Andrew T.
Published: May 2018

It is well known that the antisymmetric stretching (ν3) band in the mid-infrared spectra of oxyanion salts is usually very broad, whereas all the other fundamental bands are narrow. In this paper, we propose that the underlying cause of the increased width is the effect of the very high absorption index of this band for samples prepared with a range of particle sizes. When oxyanion salts are ground, the diameter of the resulting particles usually varies from less than 100 nm to about 2 µm. While the peak absorbance of the ν3 band of the smaller particles (diameter < 200 nm) is less than 1, that of the larger particles can be as high as 6. We show that the average transmittance of these particles leads to a significant band broadening, especially when there are small voids in the resulting sample. Although the effect is always seen in the spectra of alkali halide disks and mineral oil mulls, it is also seen in diffuse reflection and attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectra. Because the depth of penetration of infrared radiation below 1500 cm−1 is less than 1 µm for ATR spectra measured with a germanium internal reflection element (IRE), the width of the ν3 band is lower than that of ATR spectra measured with an IRE of lower refractive index such as diamond on zinc selenide.
Selling streetness as experience: The role of street art tours in branding the creative city
Authors: Andron Sabina
Published: May 2018

This article looks at the street art tours industry in London, and its function in constructing the geographic, economic and symbolic value of street art. The street art world of the capital has reached a substantial level of institutional endorsement as a proper urban creative practice, through backing such as by local councils and private developers, art galleries and book publishers. This article examines the role of walking tours in holding up street art as a cultural product of the creative city. It argues that London’s street art scene is constructed and legitimated by these tours through the strategic deployment of an authoritative discourse. Street art tours’ routes and locations are then integrated into a longer lineage of endorsements for the cultural field of street art, and interpreted as branding strategies for the creative city. In the conclusion, the role of walking tours in gentrification and urban change is discussed, with a focus on how street art works and murals contribute to performing Shoreditch as a hub of vibrancy and urban creativity.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of palladium nanoparticles supported on copper oxide in aqueous medium as an efficient catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction
Authors: Elazab Hany A , Sadek M.A. , El-Idreesy Tamer T
Published: May 2018

We report here a reliable green method for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles supported on copper oxide as a highly active and efficient catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The experimental synthetic approach is based on microwave-assisted chemical reduction of an aqueous mixture of palladium and copper salt simultaneously using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent. The catalyst was fully characterized using various techniques showing well-dispersed palladium nanoparticles. The catalytic activity and recyclability of the prepared catalyst were experimentally explored in the ligand-free Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with a diverse series of functionalized substrates. The synthesized Pd/CuO catalyst shows many advantages beside its high catalytic efficiency such as the recyclability of up to five times with negligible loss of catalytic activity, short reaction times, use of environmentally benign solvent systems, and mild reaction conditions.
Herd Invisibility: The Psychology of Racial Privilege
Authors: Phillips L. Taylor , Lowery Brian S.
Published: May 2018

Despite overwhelming evidence of its existence, White privilege has received relatively little attention in psychological science. However, given the chronic and pervasive benefits tied to racial privilege, it stands to reason that living with such privilege affects Whites’ everyday psychology. Here, we explore this psychology of privilege, connecting Whites’ everyday experiences and behaviors to underlying motivations (i.e., innocence and maintenance) shaped by their privileged position in the social hierarchy. We shed light on Whites’ use of strategies designed to protect their sense of innocence and, importantly, the consequences of these individual actions in aggregate. Specifically, we aim to resolve the tension between Whites’ motivated blindness in response to evidence of privilege and their everyday experience of privilege as invisible. We argue that privilege is not inherently invisible; rather, Whites use cloaking strategies to address the discomfort associated with naked privilege. We further suggest that individuals acting to protect their own innocence leads to the emergence of invisibility at the societal level. A herd invisibility results, protecting both the innocence and privileges of individual Whites, but without their necessarily having to act on individual innocence or maintenance motivations.
Read All About It: The Politicization of “Fake News” on Twitter
Authors: Brummette John , DiStaso Marcia , Vafeiadis Michail , Messner Marcus
Published: May 2018

Due to the importance of word choice in political discourse, this study explored the use of the term “fake news.” Using a social network analysis, content analysis, and cluster analysis, political characteristics of online networks that formed around discussions of “fake news” were examined. This study found that “fake news” is a politicized term where conversations overshadowed logical and important discussions of the term. Findings also revealed that social media users from opposing political parties communicate in homophilous environments and use “fake news” to disparage the opposition and condemn real information disseminated by the opposition party members.
Substrate stiffness‐dependent exacerbation of endothelial permeability and inflammation: mechanisms and potential implications in ALI and PH (2017 Grover Conference Series)
Authors: Karki Pratap , Birukova Anna A.
Published: May 2018

The maintenance of endothelial barrier integrity is absolutely essential to prevent the vascular leak associated with pneumonia, pulmonary edema resulting from inhalation of toxins, acute elevation to high altitude, traumatic and septic lung injury, acute lung injury (ALI), and its life‐threatening complication, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition to the long‐known edemagenic and inflammatory agonists, emerging evidences suggest that factors of endothelial cell (EC) mechanical microenvironment such as blood flow, mechanical strain of the vessel, or extracellular matrix stiffness also play an essential role in the control of endothelial permeability and inflammation. Recent studies from our group and others have demonstrated that substrate stiffening causes endothelial barrier disruption and renders EC more susceptible to agonist‐induced cytoskeletal rearrangement and inflammation. Further in vivo studies have provided direct evidence that proinflammatory stimuli increase lung microvascular stiffness which in turn exacerbates endothelial permeability and inflammation and perpetuates a vicious circle of lung inflammation. Accumulating evidence suggests a key role for RhoA GTPases signaling in stiffness‐dependent mechanotransduction mechanisms defining EC permeability and inflammatory responses. Vascular stiffening is also known to be a key contributor to other cardiovascular diseases such as arterial pulmonary hypertension (PH), although the precise role of stiffness in the development and progression of PH remains to be elucidated. This review summarizes the current understanding of stiffness‐dependent regulation of pulmonary EC permeability and inflammation, and discusses potential implication of pulmonary vascular stiffness alterations at macro‐ and microscale in development and modulation of ALI and PH.
Hepatic glucose metabolic responses to digestible dietary carbohydrates in two isogenic lines of rainbow trout
Authors: Song X. , Marandel L. , Dupont-Nivet M. , Quillet E. , Geurden I. , Panserat S.
Published: May 2018

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was recognized as typical “glucose-intolerant” fish and poor dietary carbohydrate user. Our first objective was to test the effect of dietary carbohydrates itself (without modification of dietary protein intake) on hepatic glucose gene expression (taking into account of the paralogs. The second aim was to research if two isogenic trout lines had different responds to carbohydrate intake, showing one with a better use dietary carbohydrates. Thus, we used two isogenic lines of rainbow trout (named A32h and AB1h) fed with either high carbohydrate diet or low carbohydrate diet for 12 weeks. We analysed the zootechnical parameters, the plasma metabolites, the hepatic glucose metabolism at a molecular level and the hormonal-nutrient sensing pathway. Globally dietary carbohydrate intake was associated with hyperglycemia and down regulation of the energy sensor Ampk, but also with atypical regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver. Indeed, the first steps of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis catalysed by the glucokinase and the phospenolpyruvate carboxykinase are regulated at the molecular level by dietary carbohydrates as expected (i.e. induction of the glycolytic gck and repression of the gluconeogenic pck); by contrast, and surprisingly, for two other key glycolytic enzymes (phosphofructokinase enzyme – pfkl – and pyruvate kinase – pk -) some of the paralogs (pfklb and pklr) are inhibited by carbohydrates whereas some of the genes coding gluconeogenic enzymes (the glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme –g6pcb1b and g6pcb2a gene and the fructose1-6 biphosphatase paralog fbp1a) are induced. On the other way, some differences for the zootechnical parameters and metabolic genes were found also between the two isogenic lines, confirming the existence of genetic polymorphisms for nutritional regulation of intermediary metabolism in rainbow trout. In conclusion, our study determines some new unexpected molecular regulation of the glucose metabolism in rainbow trout which may partly led to the poor utilization of dietary carbohydrates and underlines the existence of differences in molecular regulation of glucose metabolism between two isogenic lines provide arguments for future selection of rainbow trout.
Dynamic Certification and Reputation for Quality
Authors: Marinovic Iván , Skrzypacz Andrzej , Varas Felipe
Published: May 2018

We study firm's incentives to build and maintain reputation for quality, when quality is persistent and can be certified at a cost. We characterize all reputation-dependent MPEs. They vary in frequency of certification and payoffs. Low payoffs arise in equilibria because of over-certification traps. We contrast the MPEs with the highest payoff equilibria. Industry certification standards can help firms coordinate on such good equilibria. The optimal equilibria allow firms to maintain high quality forever, once it is reached for the first time. They are either lenient or harsh, endowing firms with multiple or one chance to improve and certify quality. (JEL D21, D43, D83, L13, L15)
Dynamic Noisy Signaling
Authors: Heinsalu Sander
Published: May 2018

This article studies costly signaling. The signaling effort is chosen in multiple periods and observed with noise. The signaler benefits from the belief of the market, not directly from the effort or the signal. Optimal signaling behavior in time-varying environments trades off effort-smoothing and influencing belief exactly when it yields a return. If the return to signaling first increases over time and then decreases, then the optimal effort rises slowly, reaches its maximum before the return does, and declines quickly. Advertising data displays this pattern. (JEL C73, D12, D82, D83, M31, M37)
International Trade with Indirect Additivity
Authors: Bertoletti Paolo , Etro Federico , Simonovska Ina
Published: May 2018

We develop a general equilibrium model of trade that features “indirectly additive” preferences and heterogeneous firms. Monopolistic competition generates markups that are increasing in firm productivity and in destination country per capita income, but independent from destination population, as documented empirically. The gains from trade liberalization are lower than in models based on CES preferences, and the difference is governed by the average pass-through. When we calibrate the model so as to match observed pricing-to-market in micro-data, it generates welfare gains that are substantially lower than those predicted by commonly employed frameworks. (JEL D11, D43, F12, L11)
Beginning at the ends: telomeres and human disease
Authors: Savage Sharon A.
Published: May 2018

Studies of rare and common illnesses have led to remarkable progress in the understanding of the role of telomeres (nucleoprotein complexes at chromosome ends essential for chromosomal integrity) in human disease. Telomere biology disorders encompass a growing spectrum of conditions caused by rare pathogenic germline variants in genes encoding essential aspects of telomere function. Dyskeratosis congenita, a disorder at the severe end of this spectrum, typically presents in childhood with the classic triad of abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy, and oral leukoplakia, accompanied by a very high risk of bone marrow failure, cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, and other medical problems. In contrast, the less severe end of the telomere biology disorder spectrum consists of middle-age or older adults with just one feature typically seen in dyskeratosis congenita, such as pulmonary fibrosis or bone marrow failure. In the common disease realm, large-scale molecular epidemiology studies have discovered novel associations between illnesses, such as cancer, heart disease, and mental health, and both telomere length and common genetic variants in telomere biology genes. This review highlights recent findings of telomere biology in human disease from both the rare and common disease perspectives. Multi-disciplinary collaborations between clinicians, basic scientists, and epidemiologist are essential as we seek to incorporate new telomere biology discoveries to improve health outcomes.
Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii subsp. nov., Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis comb. nov., Enterobacter roggenkampii sp. nov., and Enterobacter muelleri is a later heterotypic synonym of Enterobacter asburiae based on computational analysis of sequenced Enterobacter genomes.
Authors: Sutton Granger G. , Brinkac Lauren M. , Clarke Thomas H. , Fouts Derrick E.
Published: May 2018

Background: The predominant species in clinical Enterobacter isolates is E. hormaechei. Many articles, clinicians, and GenBank submissions misname these strains as E. cloacae. The lack of sequenced type strains or named species/subspecies for some clades in the E. cloacae complex complicate the issue.

Methods: The genomes of the type strains for Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. oharae, E. hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii, and E. xiangfangensis, and two strains from Hoffmann clusters III and IV of the E. cloacae complex were sequenced. These genomes, the E. hormaechei subsp. hormaechei type strain, and other available Enterobacter type strains were analysed in conjunction with all extant Enterobacter genomes in NCBI’s RefSeq using Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI).

Results: There were five recognizable subspecies of E. hormaechei: E. hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii subsp. nov., E. hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis comb. nov., and the three previously known subspecies. One of the strains sequenced from the E. cloacae complex was not a novel E. hormaechei subspecies but rather a member of a clade of a novel species: E. roggenkampii sp. nov.. E. muelleri was determined to be a later heterotypic synonym of E. asburiae which should take precedence.

Conclusion: The phylogeny of the Enterobacter genus, particularly the cloacae complex, was re-evaluated based on the type strain genome sequences and all other available Enterobacter genomes in RefSeq.
ADHD – the scourge of the 21st century?
Authors: Gaidamowicz Rima , Deksnytė Aušra , Palinauskaitė Karolina , Aranauskas Ramūnas , Kasiulevičius Vytautas , Šapoka Virginijus , Aranauskas Lukas
Published: May 2018

Zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej (ang.: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) jest intensywnie badany przez środowiska medyczne na świecie, rozszerzany jest jego zakres, np. ADHD rozpoznaje się nie tylko u dzieci, lecz także u dorosłych. Z drugiej strony ADHD jest przedmiotem licznych dyskusji dotyczących problemu, czy należy go w ogóle leczyć, a jeżeli tak – to w jaki sposób, ponieważ nasuwają się wątpliwości, czy zaburzenie to w ogóle istnieje, gdyż jego „składnik morfologiczny” nie został do tej pory odnaleziony, a wszystkie objawy ADHD, takie jak lęk, trudności z koncentracją uwagi, nadpobudliwość motoryczna, zaburzenia poznawcze, czy brak adaptacji społecznej, mogą być objawami, które występują w przypadku wielu innych zaburzeń psychicznych oraz chorób somatycznych. W dzisiejszym świecie zmiany w zakresie koncentracji uwagi, emocji oraz zachowania mogą wynikać ze zmieniającego się społecznego profilu człowieka. Osoby, które nie wierzą w istnienie ADHD twierdzą, że zaburzenie to powstaje najprawdopodobniej w wyniku wychowania oraz temperamentu danej osoby, a nie wskutek choroby, oraz że rozpoznawanie tej jednostki chorobowej jest zjawiskiem wytworzonym przez środowisko lekarzy i farmaceutów w celu zapanowania nad jednostkami, które nie stosują się do standardów zachowania w społeczeństwie, oraz w celu osiągnięcia dużych zysków ze sprzedaży preparatów stosowanych w leczeniu tej choroby. Ze względu na fakt, że zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej jest rozpoznawany coraz częściej, określa się go nawet jako plagę XXI wieku.
W niniejszej publikacji omówimy historyczne aspekty rozpoznawania ADHD, czynniki etiologiczne tej choroby, jej współistnienie z innymi chorobami psychicznymi i somatycznymi oraz celowość i możliwości leczenia z uwzględnieniem ADHD u dorosłych.
ADHD as a risk factor for obesity. Current state of research
Authors: Hanć Tomasz
Published: May 2018

Otyłość jest obecnie poważnym problemem zdrowotnym dotyczącym zarówno dzieci jak i osób dorosłych. Według badań z ostatnich 15 lat, jednym z czynników zwiększających ryzyko otyłości może być zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ADHD). Nie wszystkie analizy dostarczają jednak jednoznacznych wyników. Niniejszy przegląd literatury ma na celu usystematyzowanie wyników dotychczasowych badań dotyczących ryzyka otyłości u osób z ADHD. Przeglądem objęto artykuły dotyczące związku ADHD z otyłością opublikowane w latach 2004 - 2016. Ostatecznie do przeglądu zakwalifikowano 31 badań spełniających kryteria selekcji. Analiza dostępnych źródeł pozwala stwierdzić, że ADHD jest istotnym czynnikiem ryzyka otyłości, co jest szczególnie dobrze widoczne w populacji osób dorosłych. Spośród zaburzeń towarzyszących, największy wpływ modulujący na związek otyłości z ADHD miały zaburzenia opozycyjno-buntownicze, zaburzenia zachowania oraz napadowe objadanie się. Leczenie farmakologiczne, zaburzenia towarzyszące, ale także wiek i płeć muszą pozostać ważnymi czynnikami kontrolowanymi w analizach. Kolejne badania powinny być ukierunkowane na bardziej usystematyzowane testowanie hipotez wyjaśniających współwystępowanie ADHD i otyłości.
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: May 2018

brak streszczenia
The Revivals of the Jagiellonian Idea: Political and Normative Contexts
Authors: Pietrzyk-Reeves Dorota
Published: May 2018

The Revivals of the Jagiellonian Idea: Political and Normative Contexts

The article has two major aims. First, it provides a short analysis of three revivals of the Jagiellonian idea which took place in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries in different historical and political circumstances. Second, it locates these revivals within the political and normative contexts of the time, and looks at different reasons that explain the persistence of the concept. The article also addresses more general questions, such as the ways that the Jagiellonian idea can be conceptualized, debates over its practicality and usefulness and its lasting presence in Polish national memory. Although there does not seem to be an agreement on the very meaning of the Jagiellonian idea, it certainly has enough normative or symbolic potential to animate strategic policy visions even in the twenty-first century.
The Jagiellonian Idea and Poland's Eastern Policy: Historical Echoes in Today's Approach
Authors: Reeves Christopher
Published: May 2018

The Jagiellonian Idea and Poland's Eastern Policy: Historical Echoes in Today's Approach This paper analyses the extent to which the Jagiellonian idea still has a discernible influence over contemporary Polish foreign policy. More particularly, it addresses the question whether this tradition in some way still informs Poland’s approach towards its eastern neighbours that possess territories that once belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The paper argues that it is possible to discern the legacy (or afterlife) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth when it comes to the way in which Poland manages its relations with its eastern neighbours. The civilizing mission that was once associated with the Jagiellonian idea can still be seen in Poland’s efforts to promote democracy and liberal values in the East; this is most evident in the contribution that Poland has made to the European Union’s Eastern Partnership. Nevertheless, differing collective memories among these states also continue to cause tensions between them.
From Intermarium to the Three Seas Initiative - Regional Integrations in Central and Eastern Europe and the Hungarian Foreign Policy
Authors: Schmidt Andrea
Published: May 2018

From Intermarium to the Three Seas Initiative - Regional Integrations in Central and Eastern Europe and the Hungarian Foreign Policy The aim of the paper is to examine the harmony between the Polish and the Hungarian foreign policy from the early 20th century to the recent decades. Due to their special geographical position both states experienced threats and challenges in the examined period, however their approach to the above was different. Poland was focusing on the problem of the rebirth of the divided state and the uncertainty regarding its borders while Hungary had to struggle with the peaceful revision of the lost territories. Being located between two ambitious great powers Poland and Hungary had to find balance between German and Russian (Soviet) aspirations that influenced the foreign policy of both states. This paper treats Poland as a reference point and examines the Hungarian struggles from this approach. The paper also gives an outline definition of the meaning of borders and their importance in Central and Eastern European region.
What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Northern Europe
Authors: Jurkynas Mindaugas
Published: May 2018

What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Northern Europe: Regional Identities in Lithuania The article examines Lithuanian regional identities with the emphasis on Northern European dimension. The key questions are: To what extent Northern European regional identity has been constructed among the Lithuanian political establishment (president, government, political parties) and how does this ‘Northern European’ idea look among other regional identities? The study will discuss instruments for the analysis of regional identity and will then delve into the inspection of political narratives of the Lithuanian president, two governments and political parties’ programmes in 2012-2017. The content and discourse analysis of political narratives among leading political figures in Lithuania will constitute a matrix of politically imagined regional identities. The article argues that trilateral Baltic regional identity has dominated Lithuanian political narratives in recent years with broader Northern European identity seeping in the Lithuanian self-reflections and gradually distancing from Central and Eastern European regional trademark.
Europe Divided? Can Warsaw Become the Regional Leader of the Central and Eastern European Region?
Authors: Gal Zoltan , Schmidt Andrea
Published: May 2018

Europe Divided? Can Warsaw Become the Regional Leader of the Central and Eastern European Region?
This paper investigates the long-term problems of capital accumulation in the context of centre and periphery and dependency models, the systemic and geo-economic features of the integration of post-socialist transition countries in the context of dependent market economy (DME) model characterized by high dependency on foreign direct investment channelled by foreign MNCs into the CEE and the restructuring of the centres in Central and Eastern Europe. It argues that the global economic crisis has been exposed the systemic vulnerability of the post-socialist neo-liberal transition model characterized by foreign investment-led growth which is failed to generate domestic capital accumulation and decrease the relative development gap between the ‘old’ and ‘new’ EU members. We would like to use the principles of geoeconomics in order to analyse the Central and Eastern European region and the role of the Foregin Direct Investment and its special role in financial sector in transformation and the question of the problem of Central and Eastern European financial centres focusing on the position of Warsaw.
What is Missing and who Misses It? The Hidden Heritage of Modernity at Open-Air Museums in Sweden and Poland
Authors: Bukowiecki Łukasz
Published: May 2018

The idea of a permanent public exhibition of translocated pieces of pre-modern folk architecture with their equipment and surroundings emerged fully implemented for the first time on 11 October 1891, when Arthur Hazelius’ Skansen was opened to the public. In many aspects this bottom-up project, by using a ‘translocative’ method of the conservation of monuments and introducing the idea of a ‘living museum’, was ahead of its time, and, hence, very attractive for its followers all over Europe. The origins of the Polish adoption of the Skansen model are associated with the activity of the socially engaged intelligentsia even before Poland regained its independence in 1918. However, a Polish skansen-boom erupted only in the 1960s and 1970s under the rule of the Polish People’s Republic. Nowadays, Sweden is becoming more and more a ‘late’ welfare state, Poland is no longer a communist country, and post-modern Europe misses its modernity perhaps even more strongly than modern Europe yearned for the ‘good old (pre-modern) days’. Nevertheless, the basic hidden modern determinants composing the Skansen itself as well as the Skansen model are still in force and matter.
Europeanization in Regional Museums?
Authors: Piekarska-Duraj Łucja , Törnquist-Plewa Barbara
Published: May 2018

European museums have undergone major changes in recent decades, mirroring many of the social and cultural processes taking place in Europe. Two of the main issues that have shaped the public discourse concerning cultural heritage are that of democratization and civil participation, both of which have not only mobilized policies but also redefined musealized heritage. At the same time, a ‘new museology’ approach, where heritage is understood as a dynamic construct, shared and interpreted by communities rather than monopolized by external authorities, has inspired many museums to rethink their visions and programs. While heritage democratization processes may be found both in the Lund and Tarnów museums, there are considerable differences between the two of them. The article examines these with the use of several concepts from core civilizational ideas such as: utility, progress, dignity, democratic governance and inclusion. In both cases, heritage is used to support the present political legacy: in the Swedish case, the emphasis is openly put on diversity and civil empowerment, whereas in Tarnów the narrative of past glory overwhelms other aspects of the past. Nevertheless, it is the European concept of the ‘person’ which stands behind both of them, however vague and complex its conceptualization may be.
Cultural Heritage in Sweden in the 2000s. Contexts, Debates, Paradoxes
Authors: Bernsand Niklas , Narvselius Eleonora
Published: May 2018

The article analyses the contexts, arguments and paradoxes of thinking about cultural heritage in Sweden of the 2000s when the topic achieved broad societal relevance in traditional media, internet fora, political communication and academic research. The discussion focuses on four themes: the normative criticism paradigm that has been increasingly influential in the heritage sector in recent years and the tensions and conflicts it provokes, recent heritage work on and with the until the last two decades silent ethnic minority Romani Travellers, the continuing media polemic around the Sweden Democrats and its heritage policies, and the heritage debate initiated by journalist and China expert Ola Wong in 2016. The analysis builds on projects and publications featuring heritage professionals, academics, NGO people and professionals with other kinds of cultural capital working in the heritage sector, as well as on illustrative debates and interviews in the mass media. The debates are often heavily polarized, interwoven with positions in other politically loaded issues such as globalization, migration and integration, and laden with questions of the legitimacy and authority of political and institutional actors.
Paratopic Recollections. Communism in Swedish Collective Memory
Authors: Velicu Adrian
Published: May 2018

This paper discusses the collective memory of communism in Sweden after 1989 and its role in the process of Europeanization. Sweden lacks the direct experience of communism and any such recollections are bound to be mediated. Such memories of experiences outside the Swedish political and social context (para-contextual or para-topic instances) are examined in terms of transnational collective memory. That is why the analysis treats these memories as part of the process of Europeanization. The material amounts to institutional and rhetorical examples featuring the memory of communism. Three sets of concepts help scrutinize these sources: Klas-Göran Karlsson’s view of three-wave European integration (economic, political and cultural), Avishai Margalit’s distinction between ‘thick’ (family, nation) and ‘thin’ (humanity) communities of remembrance where the ethics of memory can work transnationally in a context of human rights, and Jeffrey Andrew Barash’s connection between ‘public memory’ and ‘imagination’. By discussing the material within this framework, the argument concludes that paratopic recollections and the dynamics of Europeanization converge, highlighting a new aspect in this process of integration.
Reviews
Authors: Jensen Anita , Cangrand Julie , Marcow-Speiser Vivien , Kossak Mitchell , Kurter Fulya , Weglarz Phil , Lawson Wendy , Levey Amanda
Published: May 2018

Culture, Health & Wellbeing International Conference, Arts & Health South West, Bristol, 19–21 June 2017

Responding to Collective Anxiety and Building Community Resilience: 8th Annual Arts in Healthcare Conference, Lesley University, Cambridge, MA, USA, 28 April 2017

Essentials of Dance Movement Psychotherapy: International Perspectives on Theory, Research and Practice, Helen Payne (ed.) (2017) New York: Routledge, 260 pp., ISBN: 9781138200470, p/bk, $53.95

New Developments in Expressive Arts Therapy: The Play of Poiesis, Ellen Levine and Stephen K. Levine (eds) (2017) London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 330 pp., ISBN: 978 1785922473, p/bk, $34.95

Introduction to Art Therapy: Faith in the Product, 3rd ed., Bruce L. Moon (2016) Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 284 pp., ISBN: 978 0398077976, p/bk, $37.95
‘Living Other Lives’: The impact of senior theatre on older adult well-being
Authors: Fleuriet Jill , Chauvin Trevor
Published: May 2018

In this article, we discuss the impact of a participatory theatre arts programme on the social, emotional and psychological well-being of older adults in San Antonio, Texas. Using a participatory, collaborative approach, we designed an outcomes evaluation for an eight-week Senior Theatre programme sponsored by The Playhouse San Antonio. Pre/post surveys, focal interviews, and participant observation were used to document participant perceptions of self-confidence and self-esteem, emotional intelligence, memory, social engagement and self-rated physical and mental health, and to assess programmatic influences on outcomes. Eleven of the twelve consistently attending students participated in the surveys, six in focal interviews, and eight in the focus group. Closed-ended survey responses were analysed using univariate and bivariate statistics. Field notes, open-ended survey responses and interview transcripts were analysed using discursive textual analysis. Older adults associated their participation in senior theatre with perceived improvements in all outcomes except memory. Results contribute to older adult programming in participatory arts, as well as applied evaluation methodologies that document the impact of creative engagement through the arts on health and well-being, and social science work on health and ageing.
A modified Delphi study on research priorities in cancer, gender and the arts
Authors: Hammond Chad , Thomas Roanne , Saunders Stephanie , Holtslander Lorraine , Hamilton Ryan
Published: May 2018

Men and women diagnosed with cancer may encounter complex changes to gendered roles and expectations within the work environment, families and the community. Creative interventions using the arts could address some of these challenges using person-centred approaches that attend to gender disruptions and negotiations. To identify current research gaps and future priorities in this field, a national expert panel was assembled of seventeen professionals in cancer and gender research, supportive cancer care and artistic practice. During a two-day forum, the panel participated in a modified Delphi process involving two rounds of surveys, a breakout session and panel discussions. At the end of the forum, the panel had identified three diverse programmes of research highlighting key areas at the intersection of cancer, gender and the arts. This process showed both the need for and the promise of interdisciplinary collaborations to identify creative research solutions for gendered challenges during health crises.
The ‘BIG Anxiety Project’: Using the arts to visually explore public experiences and attitudes to anxiety
Authors: Larsen Mark E. , Vaughan Priya , Bennett Jill , Boydell Katherine
Published: May 2018

Anxiety affects everyone, in some intensity, at some time. We report on the ‘BIG Anxiety Project’, a citizen science arts project to explore the public’s experiences and responses to anxiety, which has established a collaboration between visual artists and mental health researchers. A variety of sources of data were used for analysis: visualization and public discussion as part of the project, including from social media, surveys and live polling. Common responses were observed across the data sets, including bodily and physiological responses to anxiety, as well as differences, for example statements of severity versus symbolic expression. Such citizen science arts projects offer the opportunity to engage the public in scientific data collection as well as shaping the research agenda and forming specific research questions.
At Home: Family reintegration of trafficked Indonesian men
Authors: Surtees Rebecca
Published: May 2018

Large numbers of Indonesian men migrate each year for work in construction, in factories and in agriculture, on plantations and on fishing boats. Many of them end up exploited in ways that constitute human trafficking, suffering violence, deprivation, restricted freedom and severe exploitation as well as long periods of separation from their families. This article explores the challenges faced by forty-nine Indonesian men reintegrating into their families and communities after having been trafficked. While many problems with the family were caused by economics, tensions also resulted from long separations, fractured relationships, and frustration and blame over ‘failed’ migration and unfulfilled expectations. Tensions were sometimes exacerbated when men faced recrimination and blame in their communities after return. Understanding the nature of and reasons for the problems that men faced after trafficking is vital in considering how trafficked men and their families can be supported to recover and reintegrate after trafficking.
Family Separation, Reunification, and Intergenerational Trauma in the Aftermath of Human Trafficking in the United States
Authors: Juabsamai Kamolwan ‘Juli’ , Taylor Ileana
Published: May 2018

Family reunification is a complex part of a survivor’s journey; its processes long, arduous, and unassured. This article seeks to examine the intricacies of human trafficking and family separation in migration, and intergenerational trauma following family reunification. The authors apply theoretical frameworks and concepts established by literature on migration and trauma, and provide a case study to explain the implications of family separation that occurs during and after the survivor’s human trafficking experience. Written from the perspective of social service providers, this article also provides a look at life after trafficking and how the individual’s worldview is altered by the trauma endured, resulting in possible intergenerational transmission of trauma from parent to child. The article explains the family’s process of moving from crisis back to balance, and the need for adjustment and adaptation, flexibility and cohesion in finding resilience. Finally, the authors discuss family resiliency frameworks as empowering models for serving survivors of human trafficking and their families during the reunification process. With the appropriate support, families can move forward in their journey towards healing.
Behind the 'Black Protests': The Struggle for Abortion Rights in Poland
Authors: Szelegieniec Paweł
Published: May 2018

In October 2016, cities across Poland were seized by massive demonstrations against proposals for a total ban on abortion. Whatever their ultimate outcome, the protests prove that mass mobilizations are possible in today's Poland, and that the right's political and cultural hegemony may yet be more fragile than it appears.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.