bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposta de Análise Praxeológica de Noções de Química em Documentos Oficiais e Livros Didáticos
Authors: Silva Kleyfton Soares da , Fonseca Laerte Silva da , Silva Luciano Pontes da , Carvalho Edmo Fernandes
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Este artigo traz a aplicação da Teoria Antropológica do Didático (TAD) na análise praxeológica da noção de Geometria Molecular (GM). O objetivo principal foi analisar a possibilidade de existência de relações praxeológicas que reforcem a necessidade da articulação entre objetos ostensivos e não ostensivos durante o ensino de GM. Esses objetos são compreendidos pela TAD, que toma como pressuposto a necessidade de tarefas que requisitam técnicas, tecnologias e teorias para colocarem o aluno em atividade matemática. No âmbito institucional analisaram-se documentos oficiais, e dois livros didáticos aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD) também foram analisados quanto à existência de praxeologias. Diante dessas condições conclui-se que, no caso dos documentos oficiais, a noção de GM não está alicerçada em praxeologias. No entanto, quanto aos livros didáticos, verificou-se ser possível haver praxeologias que permitam colocar o aluno em atividade.
Taxonomic diversity of Biomphalaria (Planorbidae) in São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Ohlweiler Fernanda Pires , Rossignoli Thays de Jesus , Palasio Raquel Gardini Sanches , Tuan Roseli
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Morphological and molecular identifications were carried out for Biomphalaria occidentalis, Biomphalaria oligoza, Biomphalaria peregrina, Biomphalaria schrammi, Biomphalaria straminea and Biomphalaria tenagophila collected from 55 sites located along the upper basin of Tietê River in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Morphological analysis considered aspects of the shell, mantle, excretory organs and reproductive system. Molecular data included 122 sequences of Cytochrome C Oxidase I gene (COI). Our results showed that some shell characters, as well as other characters related to the mantle and the reproductive system, are fundamental for the identification of the six Biomphalaria species included in this study. The use of DNA barcoding together with morphological taxonomy generated more reliable results, proving to be a very useful approach, even for malacological surveillance services.
A cidade vista pelos habitantes do campo de Araponga/MG: uma análise das representações sociais por meio do software Alceste
Authors: Gomes Nayhara Freitas Martins , Fiúza Ana Louise Carvalho , Pinto Neide Maria Almeida
Published: June 2020

Resumo: A relação entre campo e cidade vem se modificando de forma acentuada, especialmente, a partir das últimas duas décadas do século XX. O presente artigo fez uma análise da forma como a população rural de um pequeno município de economia cafeeira, localizado na Zona da Mata mineira, manifesta, por meio das suas representações de “campo” e “cidade”, a percepção de aproximações e diferenças quanto ao modo de vida rural e urbano na atualidade. O estudo teve um caráter cross-sectional, tendo sido realizado por intermédio de um questionário semiestruturado, com uma amostra representativa da população composta de 94 rurais. Na aplicação do questionário, utilizou-se da técnica de mesclagem de perguntas, que estimulavam respostas rápidas e espontâneas, com outras de cunho mais reflexivo. Com base nas respostas obtidas, o corpus para análise quantitativa de dados textuais foi preparado no software Alceste. Os resultados referentes às representações espontâneas e reflexivas manifestadas pelos rurais acerca da “cidade” e do “campo” revelaram uma visão social de mundo marcada pela perspectiva do pertencimento à dinâmica citadina, combinada com as marcas de ruralidade constitutivas de sua identidade.
Pronaf Jovem: as disjunções entre o ideal e o real
Authors: Marin Joel Orlando Bevilaqua
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O artigo analisa, a partir de contrapontos entre princípios normativos e experiências vividas por jovens rurais, os limites do Pronaf Jovem na construção social de uma juventude rural sucessora na agricultura familiar. A pesquisa combinou levantamento documental e estudo de caso. No estudo de caso, realizado em municípios da Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul, foram produzidos dados qualitativos e quantitativos. O Pronaf Jovem idealiza a construção de uma juventude rural autônoma, pluriativa, integrada em instituições de desenvolvimento rural e sucessora na agricultura familiar. Na realidade pesquisada, os jovens rurais não conseguiram acessar crédito rural na linha Pronaf Jovem. Eles investem em diferenciadas estratégias de emancipação pessoal, que raramente se encaminham pelos projetos de sucessão hereditária na agricultura familiar.
Fatores associados à doença renal crônica: inquérito epidemiológico da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde
Authors: Aguiar Lilian Kelen de , Prado Rogerio Ruscitto , Gazzinelli Andrea , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Objetivos: Identificar a prevalência da doença renal crônica (DRC) autorreferida no Brasil e caracterizar os fatores associados a essa enfermidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um inquérito epidemiológico de base domiciliar, a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) realizada em 2013. O desfecho analisado foi a prevalência de DRC. Os grupos de variáveis explicativas foram: características sociodemográficas, estilos de vida, doenças crônicas autorreferidas, antropometria e avaliação de saúde. Foram estimadas as prevalências de DRC e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% e foram realizados a análise univariada e o modelo de regressão logística múltipla, permanecendo as variáveis estatisticamente significativas (p < 0,05). Resultados: Observou-se que 1,42% (intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 1,33 - 1,52) dos 60.202 entrevistados referiram ser portadores de DRC. O odds ratio (OR) aumentou com a idade, sendo 2,68 entre os idosos com 65 anos ou mais (IC95% 1,75 - 4,09). Apresentaram chance maior de DRC: possuir planos de saúde, com OR = 1,51 (IC95% 1,28 - 1,78), tabagismo, hipertensão, colesterol elevado e autoavaliação de saúde ruim, com OR = 1,75 (IC95% 1,45 - 2,12), OR = 1,20 (IC95% 1,02 - 1,42), OR = 1,83 (IC95% 1,56 - 2,15), OR = 4,70 (IC95% 3,75 - 5,88), respectivamente. Conclusões: A prevalência de DRC foi maior em idade mais avançada, baixa escolaridade, possuir plano de saúde, tabagismo, hipertensão, hipercolesterolemia e avaliação regular ou ruim do estado de saúde. O conhecimento da prevalência da DRC e dos fatores de risco e de proteção são essenciais para prevenção da doença e para subsidiar as políticas públicas de saúde.
Identidade, Cuidado e Direitos: a Experiência das Rodas de Conversa sobre a Saúde dos Povos Indígenas
Authors: Luna Willian Fernandes , Malvezzi Cecília , Teixeira Karla Caroline , Almeida Dayane Teixeira , Bezerra Vandicley Pereira
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Introduction: There is a historical fragility regarding the training of health care professionals working with the Indigenous Health System in Brazil and the awakening of the growing sensitivity for the promotion of intercultural dialogue is recognized as essential in this context. Thus, the project “Talking Circles about the Indigenous People’s Health” in the university emerged in 2016, developed in a partnership between medical school professors and indigenous students from the Indigenous Tutorial Education Program - PET Indígena - Health Actions, UFSCar. Method: This report is based on the qualitative documental analyses, aiming to present and discuss the experiences, perspectives and dialogues carried out during those meetings, the construction of diversity, the description of the activities performed and the exposure of their potentialities and limits. Results: Based on both Paulo Freire’s Culture Circles and active teaching-learning methodology tools, those meetings dealt with topics related to Indigenous People’s Health, the results of which were here grouped into three categories: Identity; Care; and Indigenous Rights. The Talking Circles format fostered the construction of new knowledge in indigenous health’s field related to different cultures, specific health policies, concepts of health-disease process, providing an initial approach on the indigenous health context in Brazil. Additionally, they provided a space with indigenous leadership that dared to indicate innovative perspectives on identity issues and health understandings, disease and healing processes, as well as raising the epistemology inherent to these populations. Conclusions: Based on the dialogue between different actors, it was possible to arouse interest of the health professionals regarding ethnic and cultural issues and give visibility to the indigenous people at the University. Moreover, it can be a first step towards the construction of optional interdisciplinary disciplines and the insertion of the topic in undergraduate school curricula in the health area.
PARTICIPATION OF ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS IN BRAZILIAN SCHOOL CHILDREN’S DIET AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Authors: Lacerda Arabele Teixeira de , Carmo Ariene Silva do , Sousa Taciana Maia de , Santos Luana Caroline dos
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in the schoolchildren diet and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study with children from public schools in Southeast of Brazil, aged eight to 12 years old. A questionnaire was applied to the students to investigate anthropometric data, eating and lifestyle habits and food consumption. The consumption of UPF was evaluated by two 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR) of non-consecutive days, and the NOVA method was adopted for food classification. The sample was estimated considering the percentage of total caloric value from UPF identified by a similar study (n=260). The association between variables was evaluated by Simple and Multiple Logistic Regression. Results: The average energy consumption was 1992 kcal/day, 25.2% from UPF. Schoolchildren had a mean of 9.8±0.5 years of age, 53.4% were female and 32.6% were overweight. The most consumed UPF were industrialized pastas, sweet biscuits, sausages, chocolate powder and soft drinks. In the multivariate model, schoolchildren who have the habit of TV watching during meals and those with obesity presented 1.87 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.03-3.39) and 2.05 (95%CI 1,01-4.20) times more chance of having higher consumption of ultra-processed foods, respectively. Conclusions: The contribution of UPF was expressive in the feeding of the students and it was positively associated with the excess of weight and with the habit of eating while watching television. These findings indicate the importance of nutritional interventions to promote healthy habits, thus preventing overweight during childhood.
BREAKING BAD NEWS IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE: THE PARENT’S EVALUATION
Authors: Marçola Ligia , Zoboli Ivete , Polastrini Rita Tiziana Verardo , Barbosa Silvia Maria Macedo de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the reports of parents of newborns (NB) with congenital malformations hospitalized in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) who received bad news, in order to identify the issues related to the perception of bad news given adequately or inadequately. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2018, in which parents of newborns with congenital malformations hospitalized in NICUs were interviewed at visiting hours, according to inclusion criteria. The questionnaire had semi-structured questions related to reception of bad news. Analysis of the data was descriptive. Results: 28 mothers and two fathers were interviewed and 16 (53.3%) reported having had at least one bad news in the NICU. Of those, 10 (62.5%) considered appropriate the way in which the news was given. The justifications were: sincerity of the professional, delicacy to give the news, giving hope to the family, use of appropriate words and demonstration of caring about the newborn. Six participants (37.5%) considered inadequate the way of breaking bad news. The reasons were: unpreparedness and lack of knowledge about the child’s case, use of difficult language, haste or anxiety and discouragement of family hope. Most of the news was given by a professional alone, often by a medical resident. Conclusions: The communication of bad news was considered adequate by the parents, although this perception was not unanimous. This study, therefore, indicates that it is necessary to improve the communication of bad news in this NICU. Training professionals can assist in this process.
Constituição do sujeito cuidador na atenção domiciliar: dimensões psicoafetiva, cognitiva e moral
Authors: Silva Yara Cardoso , Silva Kênia Lara
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo analisar o processo de subjetivação dos sujeitos cuidadores na atenção domiciliar. Método estudo qualitativo, realizado em um serviço de atenção domiciliar. Os dados foram coletados de fevereiro a junho de 2018, por meio da observação de 26 cuidadores e seis profissionais, seguida de acompanhamento aprofundado de quatro casos e entrevistas com seis profissionais e sete cuidadores informais. Utilizou-se a análise do discurso para a interpretação dos dados. Resultados os cuidadores são predominantemente mulheres com vínculo parental com o usuário. A constituição do cuidador está associada à dimensão psicoafetiva, que se refere aos valores afetuosos, sentimentos de retribuição, identidade e aptidão. A dimensão cognitiva relaciona-se à aprendizagem das atividades de cuidado e administrativas. Na dimensão moral, assumir a função de cuidador é revelada em concordância às normas socialmente construídas. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a subjetivação do cuidador deriva de uma relação do próprio eu, construída pela forma como esses sujeitos se relacionam com os discursos, as relações de poder, as experiências de cuidado e as normas sociais. Os achados podem contribuir para oportunizar momentos de reflexão com os cuidadores, em tempos e movimentos pelos quais eles aprendam sobre si e sobre o cuidado na atenção domiciliar.
Internação mediada: as novas configurações da internação hospitalar na era das mídias sociais
Authors: Barbosa Nathalia Cristina , Machado Monica
Published: June 2020

Este estudo se propõe a discutir as novas configurações do processo de internação hospitalar – marcada na contemporaneidade pela quase onipresença de aparatos tecnológicos de uso pessoal entre pacientes – no que diz respeito às novas possibilidades de vínculos socioafetivos proporcionados pelo ambiente digital. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de inspiração etnográfica, com observação participante no Instituto Nacional do Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva – Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil – e nas mídias sociais por três meses; com entrevistas conversacionais; e em profundidade. Dados apontam para aspectos tanto convergentes quanto contraditórios das mídias sociais no ambiente hospitalar – fenômeno que denominamos internação mediada: elas possibilitam o enriquecimento e a ampliação das redes de apoio e solidariedade aos pacientes ao mesmo tempo em que podem contribuir para a acentuação do distanciamento entre os vínculos afetivos e excessivas demandas por atenção durante o tratamento.
SARS-CoV-2 and Saliva: an update
Authors: Muniz Isis de Araújo Ferreira , Linden Lília Van der , Santos Mariana Evangelista , Rodrigues Raíres Chaves da Silva , Souza Joelma Rodrigues de , Oliveira Renato Antonio dos Santos , Castellano Lucio Roberto Cançado , Bonan Paulo Rogério Ferreti
Published: June 2020

Covid-19 is a respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The high rate of contagion and the spread of the virus in the population make the early detection of the pathogen the means for the adequate targeting of infection control measures. WHO directs sample collection on upper respiratory specimens, including nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab or wash in ambulatory patients, as well as lower respiratory specimens: sputum and/or endotracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage, in addition to citing blood and feces. Among the various sample collection methods, saliva has been investigated and reported as a potential source for diagnosis. Thus, we propose to evaluate the current scenario, based on recent publications on the perspective of detecting SARS-CoV-2 in saliva as a diagnostic method for Covid-19.
Efficient Heterogeneous Collaborative Filtering without Negative Sampling for Recommendation
Authors: Chen Chong , Zhang Min , Zhang Yongfeng , Ma Weizhi , Liu Yiqun , Ma Shaoping
Published: June 2020

Recent studies on recommendation have largely focused on exploring state-of-the-art neural networks to improve the expressiveness of models, while typically apply the Negative Sampling (NS) strategy for efficient learning. Despite effectiveness, two important issues have not been well-considered in existing methods: 1) NS suffers from dramatic fluctuation, making sampling-based methods difficult to achieve the optimal ranking performance in practical applications; 2) although heterogeneous feedback (e.g., view, click, and purchase) is widespread in many online systems, most existing methods leverage only one primary type of user feedback such as purchase. In this work, we propose a novel non-sampling transfer learning solution, named Efficient Heterogeneous Collaborative Filtering (EHCF) for Top-N recommendation. It can not only model fine-grained user-item relations, but also efficiently learn model parameters from the whole heterogeneous data (including all unlabeled data) with a rather low time complexity. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets show that EHCF significantly outperforms state-of-the-art recommendation methods in both traditional (single-behavior) and heterogeneous scenarios. Moreover, EHCF shows significant improvements in training efficiency, making it more applicable to real-world large-scale systems. Our implementation has been released 1 to facilitate further developments on efficient whole-data based neural methods.
On the effect of anisotropy on drained static liquefaction triggering
Authors: Reid D.
Published: June 2020

A number of recent tailings storage facility (TSF) failures has been indicated through post-failure investigations to have been triggered in tailings that were under drained conditions up to the initiation of instability. Such field-scale behaviour is consistent with many laboratory element studies on drained triggering of instability. However, essentially all available data on the drained initiation of instability has been carried out under conditions where the principal stress angle (α) is zero. This is despite the principal stress angle in zones of TSFs where instability is likely to be triggered being below-slope, where α is higher than zero. To assess the implications of anisotropy on the drained initiation of instability, the limited data available that enables assessment of the effects of α on instability in undrained testing is referenced. These data suggest that the likely range of principal stress angles below-slope areas of TSFs are such that anisotropy should be considered in estimating relevant triggering stress ratios. The need for more experimental data of drained triggering of instability at principal stress angles relevant to below-slope conditions is outlined.
Y KUŞAĞININ LÜKS ALGISI ÜZERİNE KEŞİFSEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Mustafa , DURKAYA Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Lüks pazarı son yıllarda hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde çok hızlı bir büyüme göstermektedir. Tarihsel süreçte, geleneksel lüks anlayışı ve pazar yapısı özellikle küreselleşmenin ve internetin etkisiyle değişmiştir. Bugün çok daha fazla tüketiciyi ilgilendiren lüks pazarında Y kuşağının önemi giderek artmaktadır. Genç nüfusu temsil eden bu kuşak mensuplarının lüks algıları ve tanımları işletmeler bakımından pazarlama stratejilerinin belirlenmesinde etkin bir role sahiptir. Buna rağmen Y kuşağının lüks algılarını ve tanımlarını inceleyen çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Türkiye bağlamında ise bu içerikte bir çalışmaya rastlanmaması nedeniyle keşifsel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Y kuşağının lüks tanımlamalarını ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada 155 katılımcıyla yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmış ve toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma neticesinde Y kuşağının lüks tanımlarının içerik, sosyal ve kişisel yönelimli olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte literatürde yer alan lüks ile ilgili sıfatların ne ölçüde lüks ile ilişkilendirildiği de araştırılmıştır. Tüm sıfatların büyük ölçüde lüks ile ilişkilendirildiği, özellikle yeni lüks anlayışı çerçevesinde öne çıkan kişisel etkilerin Y kuşağının lüks algıları açısından da önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir.
MALİYE KAMU MALİYESİ İLİŞKİSİ VE KAMUNUN ÖNEMİ: KAVRAMSAL TEMELLİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: DOĞAN Esra
Published: June 2020

Kamu maliyesi, maliyenin devlet bağlamı niteliğine sahip bölümü olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, “kamu”nun anlam içeriğinin devlete ilişkin olma halini aşan ve kamu maliyesi maliye özdeşliğini ortadan kaldıran bir niteliği bulunmaktadır. Kamu maliyesinde içerilen kamu, anlam içeriği gereği Türkçe ve İngilizcede ortak olan ile Almancada ise aleni olan ile ilişkili olarak doğrudan doğruya tanımlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında da farklı dillerin kelimelerin anlam içerikleri üzerindeki etkisi de göz önünde bulundurularak kavramsal temelli bir değerlendirme yöntemi kullanılarak kamu maliyesinin maliyeden farklılığı ve bu bağlamda kamunun öneminin açığa çıkarılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda kamu ve maliye kelimelerinin anlam içeriklerinin ortaya konulabilmesi için, tarihsel süreç içinde geçirdiği dönüşümler de dikkate alınarak Türkçe, İngilizce ve Almanca kullanımları incelenmiştir. Türkçe için etimoloji sözlükleri, Divan-u Lugati’t Türk, Türk Dil Kurumu Güncel Türkçe Sözlüğü; İngilizce için Merriam Webster ve diğer etimoloji sözlüklerinden; Almanca için ise temel olarak Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm sözlüğünden yararlanılmıştır. Farklı tarihsel dönemlere ilişkin sözlük incelemeleri bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde diller arası çeviri kaynaklı kullanım farklılıklarının da etkisi bulunmakla birlikte, Türkçede “kamu”nun maliye üzerindeki etkisinin maliyenin kategorisi niteliğindeki kamu maliyesi şeklinde değil; maliyeyi aşan daha kapsamlı, ilişkisel bir anlam içeriğine kavuşturma şeklinde olduğu söylenebilir.
Basic principles for the management of neurological patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kopishinskaya S. V. , Zharinova N. O. , Velichko I. A. , Zhukova N. G. , Bucev V. V. , Korobejnikov I. V. , Gasanova A. A. , Arakelyan A. S. , Petruchik O. V. , Payudis A. N.
Published: June 2020

In a COVID-19 pandemic, a neurologist needs to be able to assess the risks of virus infection in patients with individual neurological diseases. The review presents categories of risk groups from the Association of British Neurologists for neuromuscular diseases, multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system, stroke, epilepsy and Parkinson’s disease. The risk of infection and the management of patients with neuromuscular diseases are analyzed in detail. The use of multiple sclerosis disease modifying drugs, the treatment of stroke patients are discussed. The data from the international guidelines for the management of patients with epilepsy and Parkinson’s disease are presented.
THE EUROPIAN CONGRESS OF ETHNIC RELIGIONS AS INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF HEATHENS
Authors: Lozko Halyna
Published: June 2020

From the beginning of the 20th century the crisis of world religions caused to the search for autochthonous spiritual alternatives. There is a steady trend towards the revival of ethnic religions in Europe for the whole century. In the article was considered the history and main conceptual foundations of The European Congress of Ethnic Religions (ECER) as an international forum for communication of European ethnoreligious communities, which revive authentic spiritual traditions and practices in their countries. In particular, a detailed ХVІ ECER (2018) report from the direct participant and Declaration XIV ECER (2014) were presented for illustration, as well as observations on the development of traditionalism in the Italian organization "Movimento Tradizionale Romano", which will have a scientific and applied value for religious studies. A conclusion was drawn about the historical patterns of ethnoreligious Renaissance. The Roman ethnic religion, whose development was interrupted by the expansion of Christianity in the 4th century, did not disappear suddenly after the decrees of the Emperor Theodosius I, but continued to exist in deeply veiled forms. Many literary sources of faith have been preserved, which gives the opportunity for Italian traditionalists to reliably revive their worldview, theological and ritual traditions. Now, the authentic Italian confession of the native faith is "Movimento Tradicionale Romano". The existence of common Indo-European sources of faith, such as the Vedas in India, the poems of Homer, the works of Hesiod, the orphan hymns in Greece, the works of ancient Greek and Roman philosophers, the German and Scandinavian epics, Slavic folklore, etc., provide an opportunity for scientific comparative methods to restore the ancient spiritual heritage of European nations with the aim of returning it in the living national environment.
ATTRACTING MIGRANT LABOR IN ORDER TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES IN REMOTE TERRITORIES
Authors: Kozlova A.
Published: June 2020

Production has always been one of the main ways to increase economic efficiency at the territorial level. The problems of low production in many remote areas are associated with an underdeveloped infrastructure and a lack of sufficient human resources. In such conditions, the relevance of the search for labor for the development of production and productivity growth increases. Russia's policy is aimed at increasing migration flows, which increases social tension in society and leads to many negative consequences. This article discusses the possibility of developing production in remote enterprises through the use of migrant labor. From the author’s point of view, such a policy will reduce the negative factors from uncontrolled migration flows and give an impetus to the development of regions and the business sector in areas with a low population.
Pregnancy and Zika virus
Authors: Startseva T. V. , Kanshina N. N. , Tretyakova M. V. , Bitsadze V. O. , Khizroeva J. Kh. , Radetskaya L. S. , Stuleva N. S. , Tsibizova V. I. , Shkoda A. S. , Blinov D. V. , Makatsariya A. D.
Published: June 2020

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) in the genus Flavivirus and the Flaviviridae family. In 1947 and 1948 ZIKV was first isolated from a nonhuman primate as well as from mosquitoes in Africa, respectively. For half a century, ZIKV infections in human were sporadic prior to 2015–2016 pandemic spreading. Transmission of ZIKV from mother to fetus can occur in any trimester of pregnancy, even if mother was an asymptomatic carrier. The clinical signs of ZIKV infection are nonspecific and can be misdiagnosed as some other infectious diseases, especially those caused by arboviruses such as Dengue and Chikungunya. ZIKV infection was solely associated with mild illness prior to the large French Polynesian and Brazil outbreaks, when severe neurological complications, Guillain–Barre syndrome and dramatically increased rate of severe congenital malformations (including microcephaly) were reported. The adaptation of ZIKV to an urban cycle in endemic areas suggests that the incidence of ZIKV infections may be underestimated. The pandemic of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) demonstrates that lessons from ZIKV pandemic propagation has not been learned properly.
Studi Kandungan Logam Berat pada Kerang Lokan (Geloina erosa) di Perairan Aceh Barat
Authors: Ukhty Nabila , Nufus Hayatun , Rozi Anhar , Khairi Ikhsanul
Published: June 2020

Pesatnya pertumbuhan industri di wilayah pesisir Aceh Barat diduga menjadi sumber pencemaran logam berat di perairan dan terakumulasi pada biota laut, salah satunya yaitu kerang lokan (Geloina erosa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan logam berat Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, As, dan Zn pada kerang lokan mentah dan rebus, serta menentukan batas toleransi konsumsi kerang lokan yang mengandung logam berat. Pengambilan sampel kerang lokan dilakukan di 3 stasiun, yaitu perairan Peunaga Rayeuk, Ujong Baroh, dan Kuala Bubon. Sampel dikelompokkan menjadi dua perlakuan, yaitu P1 (mentah) dan P2 (rebus). Analisis kandungan logam berat menggunakan Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometry (AAS). Hasil analisis kandungan logam Hg pada stasiun 2 yaitu P1 13,2754 mg/kg dan P2 sebesar 12,5491 mg/kg, pada stasiun 3 yaitu P1 1,2418 mg/kg dan P2 0,1956 mg/kg. Kandungan logam Cd hanya terdeteksi pada stasiun 2 yaitu P1 0,0058 mg/kg. Kandungan logam Cu pada stasiun 1 yaitu P1 sebesar 0,0686 mg/kg dan P2 0,0541 mg/kg, pada stasiun 2 yaitu P1 0,1381 mg/kg dan P2 sebesar 0,0999 mg/kg, dan pada stasiun 3 yaitu P1 sebesar 0,1062 mg/kg dan P2 sebesar 0.022 mg/kg. Kandungan logam Zn pada stasiun 1 yaitu P1 3,4883 mg/kg dan P2 s 3,3229 mg/kg, pada stasiun 2 yaitu P1 sebesar 2,7643 dan P2 sebesar 2,6225 mg/kg, dan pada stasiun 3 yaitu P1 4,2511 mg/kg dan P2 2,8687 mg/kg. Batas maksimum berat daging kerang lokan yang boleh dikonsumsi untuk orang dewasa (50 kg bb) yaitu 0,131 kg daging per minggu.
Karakteristik Kolagen Larut Asam Teripang Gama (Stichopus variegatus)
Authors: Safithri Mega , Tarman Kustiariyah , Suptijah Pipih , Novita Sagita Sri
Published: June 2020

Kolagen dibutuhkan pada berbagai industri farmasi, makanan, dan kosmetik, sehingga memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Komoditas perikanan terutama teripang gama dapat digunakan sebagai sumber kolagen yang halal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan karakteristik fisikokimia kolagen larut asam teripang gama. Perlakuan untuk mendapatkan protein kolagen dilakukan dengan misahankan protein non kolagen menggunakan perendaman dalam NaOH 0,1 M selama 48 jam kemudian di netralisasi. Tahap selanjutnya dilakukan hidrolisis dan ekstraksi protein kolagen dengan asam asetat 0,5 M selama 48 jam. Hasil pemisahan protein non kolagen menunjukkan kadar protein non kolagen sebesar 0,02 mg/mL. Rendemen kolagen teripang gama yang didapat sebesar 2,4%. Kolagen larut asam teripang gama memiliki karakteristik fisik yaitu, derajat putih 61,83%, suhu denaturasi pada 48°C, suhu transisi pada 87,80°C, dan suhu pelelehan pada 162,40°C, serta viskositas 5,37 cP. Karakter kimia kolagen larut asam teripang gama yaitu pH 6,12 denganjenis asam amino penyusun kolagen, yaitu prolina 6,80%, alanina 10,61% dan glisina 12,63%, serta bilangan gelombang FTIR gugus fungsi yaitu amida I (1657,9), II (1572,0), dan III (1242,2) A (3406,3), dan B (2920,2) (cm-1).
A study of effect of topical anaesthetics on injection pain during immunization in infants
Authors: Kumar Magesh , Venkateshwar V.
Published: June 2020

Background: Immunization is a necessary aspect of health care of children and injections are there for unavoidable. Many factors affect injection pain during immunization in infants. This study aims to see the effect of use of local anesthetics delivered by various modes for attenuation of vaccine related injection pain in infants and to compare them.Methods: An Open Label Four-Arm Randomized Control Trial of 300 healthy infants of age group 6 weeks to 6 months reported to immunization clinic for immunization with DPT-HiB-Hepatitis B combination vaccine were taken for study. The enrolled subjects were allocated into control group and intervention group (who were applied some form of local anesthesia).Results: Among the four groups of the patients studied we observed a statistical difference in the mean pain scores of the patients recorded at 15 second, 60 second and 5 min after vaccine injection (p value 0.0024 - 0.000). Group A (Infants with topical occlusive LA cream) showed minimum pain scores values at 15 second, 60 second and 5 min after vaccine injection, followed by Group C (Infants with topical LA spray with vapocoolant) whereas Control group (Infants not received any local anaesthesia) and Group B (Infants with topical LA spray without vapocoolant) exhibited the maximum pain scores.Conclusions: Topical occlusive local anesthetic cream and topical LA spray with vapocoolent, were found to be better than topical LA spray without vapocoolant or no topical anesthetic. Use of topical occlusive LA cream led to a lowest pain score. There was no significant difference in the profile of side effects following injection in the four group.
Clinical profile of malaria and HIV co-infection
Authors: Tudu Kshetra Mohan , Bariha Prafulla Kumar , Mohapatra Manoj Kumar , Majhi Sanjay Kumar , Kumar G. N. Ravi , Lenka Dhiraj Kumar , Sahu Sumeet Kumar , C. Gayatri
Published: June 2020

Background: Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two common disease in India. Therefore we undertaken this study and compare the incidence clinical feature and outcome of concurrent infection of malaria and HIV infection.Methods: All the patients of fever within 7days duration were investigated for malaria, HIV and other cause of fever. Patients of concurrent HIV and malaria (Group A) were compare with HIV mono-infection (Group-B) and malaria mono-infection (Group C). Biochemical and hematological investigation were done and compared.Results: During the study period 340 patients of malaria were admitted concurrent infection HIV and malaria was found in 52 (15.29%). There were 52 (15.29), 120 (21.7%) and 340 (72.5%) in Group A, B and C respectively. The clinical feature of concurrent infection were more like HIV than malaria. Unlike malaria the outcome of concurrent infection are not good.Conclusions: The study suggested that Malaria and HIV co-infection are uncommon disease. For the diagnosis investigations for both the infections should be carried out routinely.
Upper lip reconstruction post major cancer resections using the hybrid concept
Authors: Abdulrauf Badr M. I.
Published: June 2020

Major defects of the upper lip due to cancer surgery are relatively less common compared to lower lip. Standard techniques such as Karapandzic’s are capable of reconstructing up to fifty percent of the lip otherwise microstomia and oral incompetence may result. The upper lip has few aesthetic characteristic details due to the philtrum, its columns and cupid’s bows. Here we are proposing incorporation of an abbe flap to reconstruct the central unit of upper lip, associated with Karapandzic flaps from both sides. Use of a lip sharing concept has an additional advantage of producing harmony to the reconstructed region, and avoidance of crowding phenomena to the lower lip.
Oportunidades de desenvolvimento de bebês de um centro de referência materno infantil
Authors: Giroldi Carine , Poersch Karla , Müller Alessandra Bombarda
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre nível socioeconômico e características familiares e as oportunidades de desenvolvimento motor nos domicílios de bebês acompanhados em um Centro de Referência Materno Infantil de uma cidade do sul do Brasil.Método: Foram avaliados 80 responsáveis de bebês nascidos a termo, de três a 18 meses de idade. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada uma entrevista contendo dados a respeito dos pais/responsáveis, o instrumento Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development (AHEMD) foi utilizado para identificar as oportunidades de desenvolvimento motor presentes nas residências e para classificar o nível socioeconômico familiar foi utilizado o questionário da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (ABEP).Resultados: Foram encontradas moderadas e adequadas oportunidades de desenvolvimento motor proporcionadas aos bebês em seus domicílios, e no que se refere à classificação econômica, a maioria das famílias foi classificada no estrato socioeconômico B2 e C1. Os resultados também sugerem que quanto mais baixa a classe socioeconômica, menos brinquedos de motricidade fina e grossa são encontrados nas residências.Conclusão: Independente da classe socioeconômica, é necessário oportunizar estratégias para a estimulação motora adequada nos contextos de desenvolvimento dos bebês.
Conteúdos Pedagógicos do Esporte: Uma revisão integrativa sobre instrumentos de medida
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriel Henrique Treter , Balbinotti Marcos Alencar Abaide , Bulso Rodrigo Vieira , Klering Roberto Tierling , Balbinotti Carlos Adelar Abaide
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão integrativa foi realizar um levantamento e análise dos artigos de validação de instrumentos designados a mensurar, de alguma forma, aspectos relacionados aos conteúdos pedagógicos do esporte: desenvolvimento de habilidades motoras, estratégico-tático, socioeducativo, de autonomia, afetivo-social e democratização.Materiais e Métodos: A busca por artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados Scielo e LILACS com os descritores sport$ AND valid$. Resultados: Dos 25 estudos selecionados para análise, constatou-se que a maioria propôs instrumentos associados aos conteúdos relacionados à performance – desenvolvimento de habilidades motoras e estratégico-tático; seguido por aspectos associados às interações sociais e, por fim, aqueles associados a valores. A maioria dos instrumentos explora amostras com adolescentes e modalidades coletivas. Os artigos apresentaram principalmente índices relacionados à validade de conteúdo, à estabilidade do modelo e à fidedignidade de suas medidas. De forma geral apresentaram índices satisfatórios. Boa parte dos estudos apresentou todos os itens de seu instrumento ou mesmo o instrumento completo, o que é importante neste tipo de estudo.Conclusão: Conclui-se que existem lacunas na medida de conteúdos pedagógicos no esporte, podendo-se explorar a criação de um modelo multidimensional de medida, especialmente no contexto competitivo infantojuvenil.
Comorbidades em Idosos Vivendo com HIV/Aids
Authors: Dos Santos Juliana Lemes , Coser Janaina , Hammes Thais Patricia , Mugnol Tatiana , Garlet Angela Menezes , Moreira Paulo Ricardo
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de idosos que vivem com HIV/Aids.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional, documental, transversal, prospectivo, descritivo e analítico, realizado a partir de prontuários clínicos de um Serviço de Atenção Especializada. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 64 idosos, dos quais, 53% (34) eram homens e 47% (30) eram mulheres, 81% (52) possuíam escolaridade igual ou inferior a ensino fundamental completo, 67% (43) apresentaram linfócitos TCD4 ≥ 350 células/mm³, 81% (52) tinham carga viral ≤ 40 cópias/mL, 974% (62) foram infectados por relação heterossexual e 84,5% (54) apresentaram pelo menos uma comorbidade. As comorbidades mais incidentes foram caquexia (48%), anemia (35%), tabagismo (31,5%) e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (18,5%) foram as doenças não transmissíveis mais incidentes. A candidíase oral (55,5%) foi a infecção oportunistas com maior incidência nos idosos participantes do estudo.Conclusão: A presença de comorbidades e infecções oportunistas deve ser investigada entre idosos com HIV para garantir suporte e melhores cuidados a estes indivíduos.
A Fully Automated Deep Learning Network for Brain Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Yogananda Chandan Ganesh Bangalore , Shah Bhavya R. , Vejdani-Jahromi Maryam , Nalawade Sahil S. , Murugesan Gowtham K. , Yu Frank F. , Pinho Marco C. , Wagner Benjamin C. , Emblem Kyrre E. , Bjørnerud Atle , Fei Baowei , Madhuranthakam Ananth J. , Maldjian Joseph A.
Published: June 2020

We developed a fully automated method for brain tumor segmentation using deep learning; 285 brain tumor cases with multiparametric magnetic resonance images from the BraTS2018 data set were used. We designed 3 separate 3D-Dense-UNets to simplify the complex multiclass segmentation problem into individual binary-segmentation problems for each subcomponent. We implemented a 3-fold cross-validation to generalize the network's performance. The mean cross-validation Dice-scores for whole tumor (WT), tumor core (TC), and enhancing tumor (ET) segmentations were 0.92, 0.84, and 0.80, respectively. We then retrained the individual binary-segmentation networks using 265 of the 285 cases, with 20 cases held-out for testing. We also tested the network on 46 cases from the BraTS2017 validation data set, 66 cases from the BraTS2018 validation data set, and 52 cases from an independent clinical data set. The average Dice-scores for WT, TC, and ET were 0.90, 0.84, and 0.80, respectively, on the 20 held-out testing cases. The average Dice-scores for WT, TC, and ET on the BraTS2017 validation data set, the BraTS2018 validation data set, and the clinical data set were as follows: 0.90, 0.80, and 0.78; 0.90, 0.82, and 0.80; and 0.85, 0.80, and 0.77, respectively. A fully automated deep learning method was developed to segment brain tumors into their subcomponents, which achieved high prediction accuracy on the BraTS data set and on the independent clinical data set. This method is promising for implementation into a clinical workflow.
4D-CT Attenuation Correction in Respiratory-Gated PET for Hypoxia Imaging: Is It Really Beneficial?
Authors: Driscoll Brandon , Vines Douglass , Shek Tina , Publicover Julia , Yeung Ivan , Breen Stephen , Jaffray David
Published: June 2020

Previous literature has shown that 4D respiratory-gated positron emission tomography (PET) is beneficial for quantitative analysis and defining targets for boosting therapy. However the case for addition of a phase-matched 4D-computed tomography (CT) for attenuation correction (AC) is less clear. We seek to validate the use of 4D-CT for AC and investigate the impact of motion correction for low signal-to-background PET imaging of hypoxia using radiotracers such as FAZA and FMISO. A new insert for the Modus Medicals' QUASAR™ Programmable Respiratory Motion Phantom was developed in which a 3D-printed sphere was placed within the “lung” compartment while an additional compartment is added to simulate muscle/blood compartment required for hypoxia quantification. Experiments are performed at 4:1 or 2:1 signal-to-background ratio consistent with clinical FAZA and FMISO imaging. Motion blur was significant in terms of SUVmax, mean, and peak for motion ≥1 cm and could be significantly reduced (from 20% to 8% at 2-cm motion) for all 4D-PET-gated reconstructions. The effect of attenuation method on precision was significant (σ2 hCT-AC = 5.5%/4.7%/2.7% vs σ2 4D-CT-AC = 0.5%/0.6%/0.7% [max%/peak%/mean% variance]). The simulated hypoxic fraction also significantly decreased under conditions of 2-cm amplitude motion from 55% to 20% and was almost fully recovered (HF = 0.52 for phase-matched 4D-CT) using gated PET. 4D-gated PET is valuable under conditions of low radiotracer uptake found in hypoxia imaging. This work demonstrates the importance of using 4D-CT for AC when performing gated PET based on its significantly improved precision over helical CT.
The Longitudinal Imaging Tracker (BrICS-LIT):A Cloud Platform for Monitoring Treatment Response in Glioblastoma Patients
Authors: Ramesh Karthik , Gurbani Saumya S. , Mellon Eric A. , Huang Vicki , Goryawala Mohammed , Barker Peter B. , Kleinberg Lawrence , Shu Hui-Kuo G. , Shim Hyunsuk , Weinberg Brent D.
Published: June 2020

Glioblastoma is a common and aggressive form of brain cancer affecting up to 20,000 new patients in the US annually. Despite rigorous therapies, current median survival is only 15–20 months. Patients who complete initial treatment undergo follow-up imaging at routine intervals to assess for tumor recurrence. Imaging is a central part of brain tumor management, but MRI findings in patients with brain tumor can be challenging to interpret and are further confounded by interpretation variability. Disease-specific structured reporting attempts to reduce variability in imaging results by implementing well-defined imaging criteria and standardized language. The Brain Tumor Reporting and Data System (BT-RADS) is one such framework streamlined for clinical workflows and includes quantitative criteria for more objective evaluation of follow-up imaging. To facilitate accurate and objective monitoring of patients during the follow-up period, we developed a cloud platform, the Brain Imaging Collaborative Suite's Longitudinal Imaging Tracker (BrICS-LIT). BrICS-LIT uses semiautomated tumor segmentation algorithms of both T2-weighted FLAIR and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI to assist clinicians in quantitative assessment of brain tumors. The LIT platform can ultimately guide clinical decision-making for patients with glioblastoma by providing quantitative metrics for BT-RADS scoring. Further, this platform has the potential to increase objectivity when measuring efficacy of novel therapies for patients with brain tumor during their follow-up. Therefore, LIT will be used to track patients in a dose-escalated clinical trial, where spectroscopic MRI has been used to guide radiation therapy (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03137888), and compare patients to a control group that received standard of care.
Repeatability and Reproducibility of ADC Histogram Metrics from the ACRIN 6698 Breast Cancer Therapy Response Trial
Authors: Newitt David C. , Amouzandeh Ghoncheh , Partridge Savannah C. , Marques Helga S. , Herman Benjamin A. , Ross Brian D. , Hylton Nola M. , Chenevert Thomas L. , Malyarenko Dariya I.
Published: June 2020

Mean tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of breast cancer showed excellent repeatability but only moderate predictive power for breast cancer therapy response in the ACRIN 6698 multicenter imaging trial. Previous single-center studies have shown improved predictive performance for alternative ADC histogram metrics related to low ADC dense tumor volume. Using test/retest (TT/RT) 4 b-value diffusion-weighted imaging acquisitions from pretreatment or early-treatment time-points on 71 ACRIN 6698 patients, we evaluated repeatability for ADC histogram metrics to establish confidence intervals and inform predictive models for future therapy response analysis. Histograms were generated using regions of interest (ROIs) defined separately for TT and RT diffusion-weighted imaging. TT/RT repeatability and intra- and inter-reader reproducibility (on a 20-patient subset) were evaluated using wCV and Bland–Altman limits of agreement for histogram percentiles, low-ADC dense tumor volumes, and fractional volumes (normalized to total histogram volume). Pearson correlation was used to reveal connections between metrics and ROI variability across the sample cohort. Low percentiles (15th and 25th) were highly repeatable and reproducible, wCV < 8.1%, comparable to mean ADC values previously reported. Volumetric metrics had higher wCV values in all cases, with fractional volumes somewhat better but at least 3 times higher than percentile wCVs. These metrics appear most sensitive to ADC changes around a threshold of 1.2 μm2/ms. Volumetric results were moderately to strongly correlated with ROI size. In conclusion, Lower histogram percentiles have comparable repeatability to mean ADC, while ADC-thresholded volumetric measures currently have poor repeatability but may benefit from improvements in ROI techniques.