bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quilombos urbanos: ressignificação do território urbano através de identidades negras
Authors: Amaranes Douglas Pinheiro , Macedo João Paulo Sales
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo examinar de forma aprofundada a relação entre territórios, territorialidades e quilombos urbanos no contexto brasileiro, enfatizando a crucial importância desses espaços na luta pelo direito à cidade. Este trabalho representa uma extensão e aprofundamento das discussões emergidas na pesquisa de mestrado centrada no processo de aquilombamento na comunidade “Boa Esperança” em Teresina, Piauí. As reflexões apresentadas aspiram à convergência dos campos teóricos relativos a territórios, territorialidades e quilombos urbanos como catalisadores fundamentais de modificação e reorganização do espaço urbano. Este estudo visa não apenas destacar, mas também analisar criticamente a contribuição desses elementos na configuração dinâmica e na tessitura sociocultural das cidades, consolidando, assim, uma compreensão mais abrangente e informada desses fenômenos urbanos.
O MUNDO DO TRABALHO PARA AS PESSOAS COM A DOENÇA FALCIFORME
Authors: Santos Aline de Oliveira Costa , Gouveia Fernanda Paixão de Souza , Farias Rosane de Abreu , Silva Rosemary Lopes Soares da , Silva Carine Santos , Oliveira Josimara Santos de , Paixão Luciene de Jesus , Jesus Rosely Ribeiro de
Published: December 2024

Neste texto abordamos a complexidade da doença falciforme (ou doenças falciformes, que são os termos encontrados na literatura especializada) e o mundo do trabalho, procurando compreender as dificuldades que as pessoas acometidas por esta doença genética e hereditária enfrentam para terem acesso ao direito ao trabalho no Brasil. Buscamos discutir sobre o mundo do trabalho a partir da seleção de alguns estudos do campo da sociologia do trabalho, especificamente (Antunes 1999; 2020a, 2020b; Alves 2011), como também outros estudiosos, sobre as metamorfoses do mundo do trabalho e as novas exigências que os trabalhadores em geral enfrentam, porque precisam moldar-se para tornarem-se pessoas produtivas e empregáveis ou que estejam aptas a terem o acesso a empregabilidade. Para Antunes (1999), o sentido dado ao trabalho pelo capital é completamente diverso do sentido atribuído pela humanidade. A revisão da literatura nos orientou a partir de estudos e pesquisas já realizados no Brasil, que foram apresentados por Lopes (2021), na sua tese de doutoramento pela Fiocruz no Rio de Janeiro, com mulheres trabalhadoras com doença falciforme, e o estudo de Nascimento (2022), em que abordou um estudo com homens trabalhadores com doença falciforme, a partir da sua tese de doutoramento pela Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, nos quais buscamos compreender como é o mundo do trabalho e os sentidos do trabalho para as pessoas com a doença falciforme. Nas conclusões, apresentamos como os/as trabalhadores/as vivenciam situações de constrangimentos provocados pelos estigmas sociais da doença que prevalecem na sociedade, como também vivem em situação de provisoriedade e instabilidade na relação de trabalho, com contratos provisórios, ao serem dispensados em razão dos períodos de afastamento necessários para o tratamento das crises ocasionadas pelos agravos à saúde em decorrência de complicações com a doença.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE MENTAL EM ESCOLAS PRIMÁRIAS
Authors: RAMOS PAULA DE ASSIS , COELHO EDUARDO RENAN NEVES , MARÇAL ISMÊNIA EDWIGES BERNARDES , SANTOS RANIELLY RADYJA SOUZA , RÉGIS DANDARA GARCIA MENEZES , SOUSA BÁRBARA VANESSA DOS SANTOS , RUIZ LORENA ALVES , OLIVEIRA GLEUBER HENRIQUE MARQUES , SILVA MARIA JOSÉ DA , SOBREIRA ELINE NOGUEIRA SANTOS
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A atividade física desempenha um papel de proteção, prevenção e controle das doenças cardiovasculares,
diabetes tipo II e vários tipos de cânceres. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é explorar os principais obstáculos do ensino
e práticas da educação física na promoção e melhoria da saúde mental das crianças em escolas primárias. Metodologia:
Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL), na qual para a construção do estudo, definiu-se as seguintes
etapas: 1. Definição da questão norteadora. 2. Estabelecimento da amostra, a partir da utilização dos critérios de inclusão
e exclusão. 3. Categorização dos estudos. 4. Interpretação dos resultados e apresentação da discussão. Resultados e
Discussão: A Educação física tem sido associada a benefícios de saúde, sociais, acadêmicos e comportamentais. Esses
benefícios resultam em melhor qualidade de saúde e uma maior sensação de bem-estar para pessoas de todas as idades.A
prática de exercícios promove a liberação de endorfinas, melhorando o humor e reduzindo o estresse, além de contribuir
para o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais e autoconfiança. Considerações Finais: Portanto, é crucial promover uma
cultura que valorize e incentive a prática de atividade física desde a infância, preparando dessa forma um futuro mais
saudável e equilibrado para as próximas gerações.
DESAFIOS E ESTRATÉGIAS EM POLÍTICAS DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA NO BRASIL
Authors: SILVA ANGELA GABRIELA VIEIRA LIMA CARVALHO , AMARAL CLÁUDIA FABIANE DO NASCIMENTO DO , SOUZA CARLA LOREINE JANONES DE , SILVA THAMIRIS FERREIRA ALMEIDA , AMORIM GABRIEL VITOR DE , MARTYN PHAMELLA DOS SANTOS
Published: December 2024

O sistema de saúde pública no Brasil enfrenta inúmeros desafios ao longo de sua história, buscando promover a saúde e
a qualidade de vida da população. Desde a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) pela Constituição de 1988, o sistema
tem se baseado nos princípios de equidade e integralidade, mas ainda enfrenta problemas significativos como
financiamento insuficiente, desigualdades regionais e socioeconômicas, e má gestão dos recursos. O objetivo deste estudo
foi investigar os desafios enfrentados pelas políticas de saúde pública no Brasil e analisar as estratégias propostas para
enfrentá-los. Através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática das bases de dados
PubMed, Scopus, Scielo e Web of Science, incluindo estudos originais, revisões e meta-análises publicadas em revistas
científicas revisadas por pares. A seleção dos artigos focou na relevância dos títulos, resumos e conteúdo para o tema das
políticas de saúde pública no contexto brasileiro. Dessa forma, a análise revelou que as disparidades no acesso aos serviços
de saúde, especialmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, são exacerbadas pela concentração de profissionais e recursos nos
grandes centros urbanos, comprometendo a eficácia das políticas de saúde pública. Além disso, a má gestão dos recursos
públicos afeta a eficiência do sistema e a qualidade dos serviços. Por outro lado, os resultados destacam que estratégias
como a regionalização dos serviços, o fortalecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde e o uso de tecnologias, como a
telemedicina, são essenciais para melhorar o acesso e a coordenação dos cuidados. A promoção da saúde e a prevenção
de doenças crônicas, junto com a capacitação contínua dos profissionais, também são fundamentais. Em conclusão, a
implementação de políticas públicas coordenadas e sustentáveis é necessária para superar esses obstáculos e garantir que
as políticas de saúde atendam às necessidades da população de maneira equitativa e eficiente.
Palavras-chave: Saúde pública; Estratégias; Desafios; Política públicas; Brasil
DESIGUALDADES NO ACESSO AOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE: A REALIDADE DE MIGRANTES E REFUGIADOS
Authors: OLIVEIRA MARIA EMÍLIA DANTAS , ALVES ANA KARINA DA COSTA MELENDEZ , ALFAIA ARIANA DANTAS , MAGALHÃES CLAUDIA CHRISTINA RIBEIRO GUIMARÃES NERI DE , COELHO EDUARDO RENAN NEVES , MARÇAL ISMÊNIA EDWIGES BERNARDES , LISBOA LARISSA BRAGA , COSTA THAYANNE THYSSYANNE DE SOUZA SOARES , NOGUEIRA VICTÓRIA RIBEIRO , SOBREIRA ELINE NOGUEIRA SANTOS
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O migrante e o refugiado comumente estão inseridos em um contexto de vulnerabilidade acentuada pela
irregularidade da situação migratória, discriminação, condições precárias de trabalho e moradia, diferenças culturais e
linguísticas e pelas limitações socioeconômicas que deterioram sua condição de vida e os expõem a situações
potencialmente prejudiciais à saúde. Objetivo: Explorar os principais obstáculos que os imigrantes e refugiados
encontram na procura de serviços de saúde, bem como propor recomendações para a melhoria das estratégias de acesso
à saúde igualitária. Metodologia: O presente estudo trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura com a seguinte
questão norteadora: “Quais os desafios para promover a assistência integral à saúde para os migrantes e refugiados?”. A
busca dos estudos ocorreu no período de junho de 2024, nas bases de dados SciELO e MedLine, combinando os
descritores Saúde de Migrantes e Refugiados, foram delimitados 12 estudos selecionados para a amostra final. Resultados
e Discussão: Os estresses pré e pós-migração aumentam significativamente o risco de doenças mentais entre refugiados.
Estes estresses são influenciados pelo contexto social, familiar e cultural, incluindo a adaptação a um novo ambiente, a
perda de redes de apoio e a necessidade de lidar com experiências traumáticas anteriores. Salienta-se a preocupação com
a vulnerabilidade dessa população e enfatiza a importância que os refugiados tenham garantidos seus direitos sociais, que
abrangem, não só o acesso ao emprego digno, livre de exploração, assim como à saúde, moradias apropriadas e
alimentação saudável, aponta com prioridade a adequação das políticas públicas nacionais e internacionais de acolhimento
e legalização. Considerações Finais: Conclui-se uma das formas de melhorar esse acesso ao sistema de saúde seria por
meios de divulgação, para estarem cientes que têm direito de acesso ao SUS, adequar políticas públicas nacionais e
internacionais de acolhimento, acesso e promoção de saúde e legalização.
RUÍDOS EM CENTROS CIRÚRGICOS HOSPITALARES E SEUS IMPACTOS NOS PROFISSIONAIS E PACIENTES: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Figueiredo Maria Bernardete Barros , Santo Elias Victor Figueiredo dos , Araújo Leandro Batista da Silva , Sousa Amanda Caroline Nascimento , Blasques Rodrigo Vieira , Falcai Angela , Aliança Amanda Silva dos Santos , Martins Rafiza Felix Marão , Villis Paulo Cesar Mendes , Gomes Wolia Costa
Published: December 2024

A poluição sonora em ambientes hospitalares, especialmente em Centros Cirúrgicos, é uma preocupação crescente devido aos seus efeitos negativos sobre a saúde dos profissionais e o bem-estar dos pacientes. Este artigo de revisão aborda as fontes e os impactos do ruído em Centros Cirúrgicos, além de avaliar intervenções eficazes para sua redução. A metodologia adotada baseou-se em uma análise de literatura recente, utilizando bases de dados científicas como PubMed e Web of Science, para identificar estudos relevantes sobre níveis de ruído, efeitos fisiológicos e psicológicos e práticas de controle acústico. Os resultados destacam que os níveis de ruído em Centros Cirúrgicos frequentemente ultrapassam os limites recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), que estipula um máximo de 35 dB para ambientes hospitalares, enquanto estudos apontam níveis de até 90 dB em procedimentos específicos. Esses índices de ruído comprometem a comunicação entre a equipe cirúrgica, aumentam o estresse ocupacional e impactam a recuperação dos pacientes, especialmente em maternidades, onde o ambiente calmo é essencial. Alguns trabalhos enfatizam a necessidade de intervenções estruturais e comportamentais, como o uso de materiais de absorção sonora e a implementação de protocolos de comunicação para reduzir o ruído. Conclui-se que a redução do ruído em Centros Cirúrgicos é essencial para a promoção de um ambiente seguro e de alta qualidade em hospitais. São recomendadas futuras pesquisas que considerem as particularidades de maternidades em países em desenvolvimento, com o objetivo de adaptar as intervenções às condições locais e melhorar o bem-estar dos profissionais e pacientes nesses contextos.

Palavras-chave: Centro Cirúrgico. Qualidade Sonora. Maternidade Hospitalar.
CONSUMO E IMPACTO DOS CANUDOS PLÁSTICOS NO MEIO AMBIENTE NA VISÃO DA LEI Nº 11.014/2019: A PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONSUMIDORES E PROPRIETÁRIOS DE ESTABELECIMENTOS COMERCIAIS
Authors: Guimarães Mariana Nogueira , Castro Edilson Santos , Alvino Maria Lucia , Trabulsi Rhamid Kalil , Sousa Neemias Muniz de , Guimarães Ivone Ascar Sauáia , Araruna Fernanda Oliveira Sousa , Tomaz Carlos Alberto Bezerra , Silva Maria Raimunda Chagas
Published: December 2024

Com o consumo de bens e serviços de massa protagonizado pela sociedade capitalista, as relações presentes neste processo se tornaram mais complexas, acarretando a necessidade de adaptação do Código de Defesa do Consumidor no intuito de criar mecanismos disciplinares para as demandas coletivas. Apesar dos dispositivos apresentados a partir da Lei n.º 1221/51, da Constituição de 1967, da Constituição Federal de 1988, do Código de Defesa do Consumidor e de legislações Estaduais e Municipais voltadas especificamente em defesa do meio ambiente, pouca evolução neste âmbito tem sido percebida. Avaliar a percepção dos consumidores e proprietários dos estabelecimentos comerciais quanto ao consumo e poluição por canudos plásticos no meio ambiente a partir da lei nº 11.014/2019, com vistas a estabelecer iniciativa educativa que englobe a Educação Ambiental e os Direitos do Consumidor. A pesquisa de caráter quantitativa e qualitativa, teve como lócus a área da Avenida Litorânea, no município de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, dando-se por meio da realização de entrevistas e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados, aplicados de modo aleatório, a 10 proprietários de estabelecimentos comerciais, tendo como critérios o tempo de atividade desenvolvida na área; e 10 consumidores ou clientes, sendo 1 de cada estabelecimento visitado. Em conjunto, proprietários de estabelecimentos do ramo alimentar da região e seus consumidores perfizeram uma amostra total 20 pessoas. Verificou-se que os proprietários possuem pouco acesso a materiais biodegradáveis, devido a sua onerosidade, falta de fiscalização e ausência de educação ambiental. Em relação aos consumidores, estes possuem entendimento acerca das questões ambientais, no entanto não exigem a disponibilização de tais recursos por parte dos estabelecimentos, o que corrobora para a manutenção do total desacordo com Lei Estadual de Nº 11.014/2019, a qual proíbe o uso de canudos plásticos nos estabelecimentos comerciais do Estado do Maranhão. A harmonia entre o homem e o ambiente perpassa pela conscientização, e em se tratando deste aspecto constatou-se que os proprietários de estabelecimentos comerciais, os consumidores e o Estado não fazem valer as determinações preconizadas pelas leis de consumo e pela legislação local, demonstrando que a manutenção do uso e descarte indevido de canudos na região da Avenida Litorânea figura bem mais como um aspecto cultural do que pela ausência de conhecimento.

Palavras Chaves: Consumidor. Direitos das leis. Plásticos. Canudos.
CEFALEIA E NÍVEIS DE POLUENTES DO AR E TEMPERATURA AMBIENTAL – REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Santos Dheyse Moreira dos , Costa Camila Vitória de Moraes , Pinto Guilherme Gonçalves Silva , Soares Julieny Bastos dos Santos , Nogueira Matheus Rafael Feques Ferreira , Andrade Rodrigo Sousa , Castro Ryan Pinheiro , Paz Bruna Katarine Beserra , Silva Fabricio Brito , Gonçalves Maria Claudia
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A cefaleia é uma das patologias mais prevalentes e que mais acarretam incapacidade para os indivíduos mundialmente, afetando aproximadamente 3 bilhões de pessoas. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a associação entre o número de visitas ao pronto socorro devido ao sintoma cefaleia com os níveis de poluentes no ar e a variação de temperatura ambiental. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, sendo realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed e Scielo, no período de 2009 a 2024. Os descritores utilizados para a busca dos artigos foram: “cefaleia”, “clima”, “temperatura”, “poluição”, e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa “headache”, “temperature”, “climate” e“polluition”, associados entre si pela junção do operador booleano AND. Resultados: 742 artigos foram encontrados, sendo 738 artigos encontrados no PubMed e 4 artigos no Scielo. Todos os artigos duplicados foram excluídos e ao realizar a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 10 artigos foram selecionados, publicados em 2009 a 2019. Os artigos selecionados, avaliaram os níveis de poluentes do ar, variáveis climáticas e cefaleia, e sugerem que esses fatores podem favorecer crises de dores de cabeça, assim como, os valores elevados da umidade relativa, podem desencadear o início de cefaleia, especialmente em temperaturas mais elevadas. Conclusão: Pode-se observar que os níveis de poluentes do ar, as variáveis climáticas, como temperatura ambiental e umidade relativa do ar, parecem estar associadas as visitas ao pronto-socorro por pacientes com cefaleia.

Palavras-chave: Cefaleia, Poluição do ar, Temperatura.
História do Empreendedorismo
Authors: Ramos Neto João Oliveira
Published: December 2024

A obra inicia com uma breve discussão sobre o conceito empreendorismo. No segundo capítulo, aborda-se o início do empreendedorismo. Em seguida, nos capítulos três e quatro, explora-se uma trajetória que passa pela chegada à América e pelo empreendedorismo no Brasil. Por fim, três capítulos trazem reflexões práticas, nos quais os leitores são convidados a refletir sobre algumas lições, a se precaver diante de alguns mitos e a considerar as perspectivas para o futuro.
Effect of imagery training on football players
Authors: Budnik-Przybylska Dagmara , Makurat Franciszek , Przybylski Jacek , Morris Tony
Published: December 2024

Introduction. There is a growing number of studies concerning imagery training in young athletes but on a much smaller scale than research in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of imagery training on children’s soccer skills. Materials and Methods: We conducted two studies. In the first study a sample of 35 subjects, aged between 10 and 14 years, was divided into an experimental condition (18 players) and a control condition (17 players). Each person completed one script from the Sports Imagery Ability Measure (SIAM) and from the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3) and took a performance test on pre-test and post-test. In the second study 40 players, aged from 11 to 14 years, were divided into the control group (12 players) and the experimental group (13 players). They filled out the same questionnaires, as well as the Sports Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C). They took part in 6 and 8 weeks of imagery training, respectively. Participants in the control condition performed only the shooting pre-and post-tests. Results: In the post-test, players in the imagery condition obtained better results in soccer skills and in SIQ-C, but not in imagery ability tests. Conclusions: The results supported effectiveness of the imagery training, especially since the intervention was conducted during the COVID lockdown.
Evaluating the Hepatoprotective Potential of Ginger Ethanolic Extract Against Lambda-Cyhalothrin-Induced Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: Q Mustafa Mustafa , JM Jawad Zainab
Published: December 2024

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a traditional plant that is widely used as a spice or folk medicine. Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a synthetic pyrethroid that is widely used to control insecticide. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of ginger ethanolic extract (GEE) on liver toxicity experimentally induced by LCT in albino rats. The experiment involved thirty adult male rats (‎Rattus norvegicus)‎, randomly ‎allocated to ‎one of three groups (n=10/group: control group, administered distilled water orally for 12 weeks‎; ‎LCT-treated group, received 5.43 mg/kg BW ‎(1/15 LD50‎ dose calculated in this study as 81.5 mg/kg BW) orally, for 12 weeks;‎ LCT-‎GEE-treated group, received the same dose of ‎LCT along with GEE at 100 mg/kg BW orally. Body weights were ‎recorded at the start, and at ‎‎4, 8, and 12 weeks into the treatment. Upon completion of the study, blood ‎samples were collected for liver ‎enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)‎, ‎and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ‎assessment. Additionally, liver samples were collected for histopathological‎ ‎examination‎.‎ The LCT-treated group exhibited a significant decrease in BW at 4, 8, and 12 weeks compared to the control ‎and LCT-GEE-treated groups. The LCT-treated rats showed increased levels of liver enzymes ALP, AST, and ‎ALT. Histological evaluation revealed signs of liver necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, and congestion in ‎LCT-treated rats. These pathological changes were less pronounced in the LCT-GEE-treated group, indicating ‎a mitigating effect. The study demonstrates the detrimental effects of LCT on the health of male rats, ‎particularly regarding BW and liver health. Alongside, it highlights Zingiber officinale's potential in reducing ‎these adverse effects, suggesting its efficacy in environments with LCT exposure
Radiological Evaluation of Length Discrepancy and Angular Deformity of Injured Growth Plate in Kit Rabbit Model
Authors: H Abd-Alkhaleq Sura , K Hussein Aseel
Published: December 2024

Growth plate injury is one of the most significant sequelae that affect the animal and man life in adulthood.  This condition considered as one of the real problem encountered by many orthopedics which can result in the formation of a bony bridge leading ultimately to limb length discrepancy and angular deformity of the long bones in kid animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the deformities of the tibial length and angle radiographically after experimentally inducing growth plate injury. Five local breed kit rabbits included in this study, had body weight and age ranges of 500 to 1100 g and 6 to12 weeks, respectively. The animals were exposed to approximately 5×5×1 mm injury in the proximal tibial growth plate (type-III to IV classification. A radiological follow up at 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week post inducing injury was made for possible evaluation of growth plate injury and calculate the length discrepancy of tibial and angular deformity by the end of the study. The radiological results revealed that bony bridge formation was clearly seen by 3rd and 4th weeks post induction. Furthermore, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the length discrepancy of tibia started by 2nd week (P= 0.0175) and its angular deformity by 3rd week (P=0.0111) of the affected tibia limb and contralateral limb of the same animal up to the end of the study. In conclusion, the current study indicated that the formation of a bony bridge is a radiological sign of the damaged growth plate that ultimately leads to length discrepancy and angular deformity‎‎‎.
Harmonizing the Digital Economy and Green Development: Challenges, Strategies and Pathways to Achieve the Double-Carbon Goal
Authors: Yulu Wang , Shenji Gu
Published: December 2024

This paper delves into the multiple dilemmas faced by the digital economy in the process of realizing green development. First, the rapid development of the digital economy has led to the aggravation of the carbon emission problem, especially in areas such as artificial intelligence, where the demand for a large amount of arithmetic power has brought about huge energy consumption, and the current power production that mainly relies on fossil fuels makes it difficult to control carbon emissions. Second, the carbon data management system has not yet been perfected, with a single access to data and insufficient regulatory mechanisms, leading to difficulties in accurately assessing carbon emissions. Thirdly, the imperfection of the carbon trading system hinders energy conservation, emission reduction and clean energy development of enterprises, and there is an urgent need to establish a more sound carbon emissions trading market. In addition, the lack of independent innovation capability, insufficient complex talents and the greening level of the industry have yet to be improved also pose challenges to the sustainable development of the digital economy. In order to address these issues, the paper puts forward specific paths and recommendations in terms of technological innovation, institutional framework and multifaceted collaboration, with a view to realizing the organic integration of the digital economy and the goal of "double carbon".
Relationship of trace elements and toxic elements in humans’ health
Authors: Shaymaa Awad kadhim  , Rusul A. Ghazi  , kawther Hussein mohammed  , Malak Muhammad Ibrahim  , Marwa Hamed Sarhan  , zainab saad abdul maged  , Tabarak Hassan Dawod
Published: December 2024

Elements which are detected in small but not precisely known amounts in the living body were called “trace elements” in the past. Recent advances in analytical technologies, such as the development of atomic absorption spectrometry, have made it possible to measure these elements precisely and to determine their functions and the characteristics of their deficiency and excess states. The so-called vitamin boom has passed, and it now appears to be boom-time for trace elements. Nowadays, cases with trace element deficiencies are often encountered clinically, especially during high-calorie parenteral therapy or enteral nutrition, and congenital abnormalities of trace element metabolism have been clarified successively. Thus, knowledge of the clinical aspects of trace elements is becoming indispensable for front-line clinicians. Meanwhile, epidemiological surveys and animal studies have suggested the possibility that some trace element deficiencies are associated with a reduced anti-oxidant potential in organisms (which is believed to possibly underlie the onset of cancer and atherosclerosis), accelerated aging, developmental retardation in children, and an increased incidence of abnormal pregnancies, immunological abnormalities, and lifestyle-related diseases.
Thus, from the viewpoint of prophylactic medicine, study, survey, and prophylaxis of trace elements are also attracting close attention. Some Heavy metals have bio-importance as trace elements but the biotoxic effects of many of them in human biochemistry are of great concern. Hence, there is a need for proper understanding of mechanism involved, such as the concentrations and oxidation states, which make them harmful. It is also important to know their sources, leaching processes, chemical conversions and their modes of deposition in polluting the environment, which essentially supports life. Literature sources point to the fact that these metals are released into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic means, especially mining and industrial activities, and automobile exhausts. They leach into the underground waters, moving along water pathways and eventually depositing in the aquifer, or are washed away by run-off into surface waters thereby resulting in water and subsequently soil pollution. Poisoning and toxicity in ecosystem occur frequently through exchange and co-ordination mechanisms. When ingested, they form stable biotoxic compounds, thereby mutilating their structures and hindering bioreactions of their function.
The importance of anamnesis in the excellent clinical examination
Authors: Jeniffer Aparecida de Morais Rodrigues  , Carolina Fátima Gioia Nava  , Maria Eduarda Ramos Fagundes  , Mariel Carvalho de Oliveira Gomes  , Mariel Carvalho de Oliveira Gomes  , Igor Diniz Sato
Published: December 2024

The practice of Medicine is shaped by skillfully balanced and correlated ancient principles: Art and Technique designing the clinical method. Since classical Greece, there have been reports of the use of anamnesis as an investigative method adopted in the initial approach of any patient. The objective of this study is to outline the importance of anamnesis and demonstrate what is necessary to apply in this anamnesis to obtain an excellent clinical examination. This work consists of a descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out through bibliographic research related to the theme Anamnesis and its Importance. According to the literature, numerous authors point out the need to create tools, scripts, manuals and instruments that further enable the training of these professionals in order to train them to develop the best method of accuracy of anamnesis of excellence and thus maximize diagnostic accuracy and consequently assertive therapy.
Lung cancer detection: A systematic literature study
Authors: Zaidan Mufaddhal
Published: December 2024

Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer presents with symptoms only in its advanced stages. Machine Learning and Deep Learning can be used to detect lung cancer early. This study aims to find the state-of-the-art approach to detecting lung cancer. The topic at hand has both potential and challenges, which are highlighted by the diversity of datasets, model architectures, and methodological approaches. Interestingly, the incorporation of image data turns out to be crucial for practical uses, highlighting the shortcomings of models trained in the absence of such data. It becomes clear how important dataset size is, with larger datasets potentially providing benefits in terms of model robustness. While certain models such as CNN VGG-19, LCP-CNN, and FPSOCNN perform admirably, they also highlight subtle issues, like the requirement for refinement in order to properly categorize nodules and the expense of computing. Future research directions are informed by the identification of these strengths and limits, which highlight the necessity for customized optimizations and the taking into account of real-world constraints.
Examination of Galactomannan Antigen Test Results in the Diagnosis of Patients with Suspect of Invasive Aspergillosis
Authors: Maçin Salih , Samadzade Rugıyya , Aydoğan Senanur , Fındık Duygu
Published: December 2024

Invasive aspergillosis is an infectious disease caused by fungi from the Aspergillus species, and it typically has a high mortality rate among immunosuppressed individuals. Galactomannan antigen (GM) is a polysaccharide found in the cell wall of Aspergillus species and is used for early diagnosis, as traditional diagnostic methods often lead to significant delays in treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the results of galactomannan antigen testing in patients suspected of having invasive aspergillosis. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples from patients with a preliminary diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis were sent to the laboratory for GM antigen testing. The GM antigens were detected using the Magnetic Bead-Coated Chemiluminescence method on the FACIS-I device. Galactomannan antigen positivity was found in 867 (15.3%) of the patients, with 492 (56.7%) of the positive samples coming from blood and 375 (43.3%) from bronchoalveolar lavage. Of the patients with positive galactomannan results, 282 (32.6%) were diagnosed with leukemia, 167 (19.2%) with pneumonia, and 142 (16.3%) with lymphoma. Among the samples that tested positive for the antigen, 343 (39.5%) were sent from Hematology, 292 (33.6%) from Chest Diseases, and 156 (18.1%) from Internal Medicine units. In conclusion, measuring galactomannan levels in serum or bronchoalveolar lavage samples can aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Therefore, evaluating galactomannan test results may help reduce mortality and morbidity associated with invasive aspergillosis infections.
Isparta İlinde Kültür Mantarı Üreticilerinin Finansal Deneyimleri
Authors: Gök Ayşe Gül
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Isparta ilinde kültür mantarı sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bireylerin finansal deneyimlerini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemi çerçevesinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu hazırlanarak Isparta ilinde kültür mantarı sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 10 katılımcı ile yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma deseni fenomenoloji ve durum araştırması olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların belirlenmesi için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutularak verilerin görselleştirilmesi için “MAXQDA 20” programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde katılımcıların kültür mantarı sektörüne gelir, ek gelir, öneri, yüksek kazanç gibi çeşitli sebepler ile yöneldiği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların başlangıç maliyetlerini hibe destekleri, krediler, borçlanma çeşitli yöntemler ile karşıladıkları tespit edilmiştir. Buna ek olarak kültür mantarı yetiştiriciliğinden elde edilen finansal kazancın katılımcıları farklı düzeylerde tatmin ettiği belirlenmiştir. Kültür mantarı yetiştiriciliği sürecindeki en büyük işletme giderlerinin kompost hammaddesi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca karşılaşılan riskler; yüksek enflasyon, satın alınan kompostun bozuk ya da hastalıklı olması, düşük rekabet ve verim düşüklüğü olarak belirlenmiştir.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Persamaan Kuadrat Berdasarkan Kriteria Watson
Authors: Azin Taufik  , Anggar Titis Prayitno  , Tika Nuanatul Mufida
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada mata pelajaran matematika, yang mengindikasikan adanya tantangan signifikan dalam pemahaman dan penerapan konsep matematika dalam konteks kehidupan nyata. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dan faktor – faktor penyebabnya dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita berdasarkan kriteria Watson. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan wawancara. Sebanyak 29 siswa kelas X SMA Negeri Cigugur diberikan soal tes, selanjutnya 16 orang siswa dipilih sebagai subjek penelitian sebagai perwakilan dari setiap kriteria kesalahan Watson. Analisis data dilakukan mulai dari reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan Kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kesalahan paling sering dilakukan oleh siswa adalah kesimpulan hilang (omitted data/OD), prosedur tidak tepat (Inappropriate Procedure/IP), seperti prosedur yang tidak sesuai, konflik tingkat respon (Response Level Conflict/RLC), dan data tidak tepat (Inappropriate Data/ID). Beberapa faktor penyebab kesalahan siswa antara lain tidak memberikan kesimpulan dari data yang telah diperoleh, kurangnya pemahaman terhadap materi persamaan kuadrat, dan kurangnya kesiapan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal. Sementara itu, jenis kesalahan yang jarang dilakukan meliputi kesalahan lainnya (Above Other/AO), data hilang (Omitted Data/OD), manipulasi yang langsung (Undirected Manipulation/UM), dan masalah hierarki keterampilan (Skill Hierarchy Problem/SHP). Faktor penyebab kesalahan yang jarang dilakukan ini umumnya kurang teliti dan kecermatan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal.
Storage Capacity of Different Stem Parts and its Role for Grain Productivity of Short-Term Drought-Exposed Winter Wheat Genotypes Contrasting in Drought Tolerance
Authors: Morgun V. V. , Stasik O. O. , Kiriziy D. A. , Tarasiuk M. V.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Remobilization of the water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) deposited in the stem is important for winter wheat grain productivity, especially under water deficit during the reproductive period. Our aim was to study the accumulation and remobilization of reserve WSC in different segments of the stem and their relationship with grain yield parameters in winter wheat genotypes exposed to 8-day drought at the early stages of grain formation. The experiments were carried out on winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants grown in pots. Cultivars ‘Podolianka’ (drought-tolerant), ‘Podilska Nyva’ (high-yielding, less tolerant), ‘Natalka’ (less tolerant, high protein content in grain), and breeding line ‘UK 065’ (high-yielding, drought-sensitive) were studied. The specific content of WSC in dry matter and the total amount (product of specific content and dry weight) were determined in stem parts of the main shoot (counted from the top): peduncle, second, third, combined fourth and fifth (lower) internodes and combined leaf sheaths.
It was found that drought slightly reduced the maximum total amount of WSC deposited in the stem and significantly accelerated their remobilization. The studied genotypes of winter wheat differed significantly in the WSC accumulation in the stem: by 1.3 times under optimal conditions and by 1.5 times under drought, but the efficiency of WSC remobilization was similar and high (84–96%) in all of them, regardless of growing conditions. Cv. ‘Podolianka’ showed the highest storage capacity of the stem both under optimal watering and under drought. The contribution of deposited WSC to grain weight was 32 and 28.3% in cv. ‘Podolianka’, 21.3 and 24.6% in cv. ‘Podilska Niva’, 27.4 and 24.3% in cv. ‘Natalka’, and 18.2 and 22.4% in line 'UK065' under optimal and drought conditions, respectively.
The highest specific content and total amount of WSC were recorded in the second and third internodes. The portions of these internodes in the total amount of stem-deposited WSC  were the largest in all studied genotypes. The content and total amount of reserve carbohydrates in the second and third internodes were correlated most closely with grain productivity, which gives reason to consider them the most representative parameters for assessing the storage capacity of the whole stem and to recommend them as a physiological marker of winter wheat genotypes’ performance.
A New Winter Bread Wheat Cultivar 'Nosivochka' for the Forest-Step and Woodlands of Ukraine
Authors: Moskalets V. I. , Moskalets T. Z. , Moskalets V. V. , Bunyak N. M. , Bunyak O. I.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: A new environmentally plastic, highly productive winter bread wheat cultivar 'Nosivochka' has been created. The article describes morphological, agroecological, and biological characteristics of cv. 'Nosivochka'.  High environmental plasticity, productivity, and grain and flour quality are highlighted. It was shown that the new cultivar had a high biotic potential in the woodlands-forest-steppe and forest-steppe ecotopes. During environmental trials (in 2001–2006, 2008–2022, in the woodlands-forest-steppe ecotope (Chernihivska Oblast) region) and in 2007–2014, in the forest-steppe ecotope (Kyivska Oblast)), the new cultivar gave a high mean yield of grain: 6.54–9.11 and 5.72–7.74 t/ha, respectively. Cv. 'Nosivochka' is highly intensive. It has improved morphological and agrobiological features, a wide norm of reaction under optimized growing conditions, and thickened straw. All these features make it fairly highly resistant to adverse abiotic and biotic factors, be able to assimilate high doses of nitrogen mineral fertilizers, and respond well to timely soil cultivation (plowing) and after-effects of organic fertilizers.
Effect of Autumn Application of Different Doses and Types of Nitrogen Fertilizers on Post-Sunflower-Sown Winter Wheat Yield
Authors: Popov Yu. V. , Avramenko S. V.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Currently, the demand for grain products is growing rapidly. However, due to different circumstances, the areas of optimal predecessors of winter cereals are decreasing, instead, the areas after such predecessors as sunflower grow. Because of this, farmers fail to harvest stable grain yields. Nitrogen fertilization is one of the most effective methods of managing the growth and development of winter wheat plants and increasing the crop yield. Several studies demonstrated the equivalence of autumn and spring application of nitrogen fertilizers on wheat. However, the issue of autumn nitrogen fertilization has not been sufficiently studied, especially for the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. Our purpose was to determine the yield of post-sunflower-sown winter bread wheat depending on different doses and types of nitrogen fertilizers applied in autumn. The design of the field experiments included 13 variants with three fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate) applied at N30, N60, N90, and N120 on primary nutrient basis after sunflower as a forecrop. Autumn fertilization of wheat crops significantly increased the yield. The application of ammonium nitrate and urea at N60 and ammonium sulfate at N90 was the most effective variant of autumn fertilization of winter wheat, as it yielded 49, 46, and 46% more, respectively, compared to the control. At a low dose of nitrogen (N30), the largest gain in the yield (31–34%) was achieved with ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, while urea at this dose was less effective. The application of N120 had no advantages compared to lower doses of autumn-applied nitrogen fertilizers, regardless of the fertilizer type.
Challenges in Corn Breeding Under Climatic Changes
Authors: Muzafarov N. M. , Ponurenko S. H. , Barsukov I. P. , Sikalova O. V. , Kapustian M. V.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Weather anomalies caused by climatic changes negatively affect the growth and development of agricultural crops and, thus, reduce the productivity of agriculture as a whole. Such processes pose a threat to food and national security. Through the lens of the prospect of expanding the corn acreage because of global and national climatic changes, special attention should be paid to the development of different trends in breeding, with due account for ecological adaptation of cultivars and hybrids to natural factors. Screening of wild accessions, landraces, and mutant populations to identify promising traits and donors can be crucial for breeding approaches to increase crop tolerance to heat stress. In addition, QTL(s) can be identified and mapped using molecular markers to detect major/minor gene(s) contributing to heat stress tolerance.
Results of the Multi-Year Breeding of Awnless Barley Cultivars in Ukraine
Authors: Kozachenko M.R. , Vasko N.I. , Solonechnyi P.M. , Naumov O.H. , Zymohliad O.V.
Published: December 2024

Findings of long-term research (2007-2024) conducted at the Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS of Ukraine, which resulted in the first in the country successful initiation and development of spring awnless barley breeding, are presented. Due to hybridization between diverse awnless and awny cultivars and lines, five registered awnless cultivars have been bred: ‘Modern’ (2011), ‘Kontrast’ (2019), ‘Krechet’ (2020), ‘Iner’ (2021), and ‘Herkules’ (2021); in addition, a new awnless cultivar, ‘Yarets (2023)’ has been submitted for qualifying examination. The first Ukrainian awnless cultivar, ‘Modern’, was high-yielding and resistant to smut pathogens (9 points), but not sufficiently resistant to Helminthosporium diseases (7 points) and lodging (7.8 points). Owing to further breeding for awnlessness, other awnless cultivars are not only high-yielding and smut-resistant, like cv. ‘Modern’, but also have other improved characteristics. Their plants are short (60-62 cm), resistant to lodging (9 points), drought (9 points), and Helminthosporium diseases (8-9 points). In 2023-2024, the best 32 lines have been selected.
Quality Properties of Naked Barley and Caryopsis Color Inheritance
Authors: Vasko N.I. , Mykhailenko Ye.O.
Published: December 2024

The Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS breeds naked food barleys, including those with pigmented caryopses and waxy starch. The strating material was obtained from the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine: accessions of the varieties nudum L. and daghestanicum Vav. et Orl. with gray-green caryopses, of the variety viride Vav. et Orl. with green caryopses, of the varieties violaceum Koern. and nudidubium Koern. with purple caryopses, of the varieties nigrinudum Vav. and nudimelanocrithum Giess. et al. with black caryopses, and line SGI 7024 with blue caryopses bred at the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigations. The sources of changed starch composition were Canadian naked cultivars ‘CDC Alamo’ (waxy), ‘Mebere’ (waxy), and ‘CDC Hilose’ (high amylose). It was found that the contents of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins depended on genotype and growing conditions, and these characteristics were consistently high in line ‘Violet 18-1207’ and cvs. ‘CDC Alamo’ and ‘CDC Hilose’. In our valuable line ‘Violet 18-1207’ (UA 0805977) of the variety nudidubium, not only caryopses are purple, but also all other parts of the plant are bright purple in the “earing-filling” phase. After ripening, the plant turns gray-lilac. The content of anthocyanins in grain is 0.260 relative units D530/g; the content of phenols is also high (1.04 mg/g of gallic
 
acid equivalent). Analysis of hybrid populations showed that, as a rule, a dark color was inherited by F1 and some accessions stably transmitted their caryopsis color over generations when participating in crossing as both the female and male forms. In F2 populations, segregation occurred by caryopsis color; the inheritance of caryopsis color in barley can be explained by interactions of non-allelic genes mainly via complementarity. In some populations, traits that were not intrinsic to parents and valuable for enriching starting materials for breeding were detected.
Characteristics of Grain Filling and Response to Fertilizers in Rice Cultivars of Different Agro-Ecological Types
Authors: Vozhehova R.A. , Skydan V.O. , Skydan M.S.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to characterize responses of rice cultivars ‘Debiut’, ‘Marshal’, ‘Lazuryt’, ‘Korsar’, ‘Vikont’, and ‘Ontario’ to fertilization in the southern steppe of Ukraine. The study was conducted in the experimental field of the Institute of Rice of NAAS of Ukraine in 2019-2021. It was found that rice yielded the most when double-fertilized at a dose of N120P30: cv. ‘Vikont’ yielded 11.27 t/ha, cv. ‘Korser’ - 9.62 t/ha, cv. ‘Lazuryt’ - 8.99 t/ha, cv. ‘Debiut’ - 7.06 t/ha, cv. ‘Marshal’ – 9.77 t/ha, and cv. ‘Ontario’ – 9.24 t/ha. Three agro-ecological types of cultivars (northern, temperate and southern) were distinguished.
Effect of Seeding Rates on Biometric Parameters and Yield of New Sunflower Hybrids
Authors: Hutianskyi R.A. , Kolomatska V.P.
Published: December 2024

Plant density and fertilization regimens are considered as important elements of the sunflower hybrid cultivation technology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of seeding rates and mineral fertilizers on biometric parameters and seed yield of new zoned sunflower hybrids in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The study was conducted in an experimental field of the Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS of Ukraine in 2021 and 2023. We studied two classic oil sunflower hybrids (‘Yarylo’ and ‘Khoryv’), two fertilization regimens (without fertilization (control) and N30P30K30), and four seeding rates (40,000, 50,000, 60,000, and 70,000 germinable seeds per 1 ha). The tallest plants (165.8 cm) were recorded for hyb. ‘Khoryv’ sown at a seeding rate of 70,000 seeds/ha in the control and the shortest ones – for hyb. ‘Yarylo’ (139.2 cm) sown at the seeding rate of 60,000 seeds/ha hybrid and fertilized with N30P30K30. The mean number of leaves per plant was greater in hyb. ‘Khoryv’ (31.2 leaves) than in hyb. ‘Yarylo’ (30.4). The maximum leaf area per plant and per hectare was formed by hyb. ‘Yarylo’ sown at the seeding rate of 40,000 seeds/ha and fertilized with N30P30K30P30K30 (9,425.6 cm2 and 39,500 m2, respectively). Hyb. ‘Yarylo’ yielded more seeds when sown at the seeding rates of 40,000 seeds/ha and 50,000 seeds/ha, especially after N30P30K30 fertilization (2.07 t/ha and 2.02 t/ha, respectively). Hyb. ‘Khoryv’ yielded more seeds in the control when sown at the seeding rate of 70,000 seeds/ha (2.19 t/ha) and
 
in the N30P30K30 experiment when sown at the seeding rate of 40,000 seeds/ha (2.24 t/ha). Therefore, the sunflower plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and seed yield depended on hybrid features, fertilization, and plant density.