bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIC 278956474: Two Close Binaries in One Young Quadruple System Identified by TESS
Authors: Rowden Pamela , Borkovits Tamás , Jenkins Jon M. , Stassun Keivan G. , Twicken Joseph D. , Newton Elisabeth R. , Ziegler Carl , Hellier Coel , Soto Aylin Garcia , Matthews Elisabeth C. , Kolb Ulrich , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager S. , Winn Joshua N. , Bouma Luke G. , Briceño César , Charbonneau David , Fong William , Glidden Ana , Guerrero Natalia M. , Law Nicholas , Mann Andrew W. , Rose Mark E. , Schlieder Joshua , Tenenbaum Peter , Ting Eric B.
Published: July 2020

We have identified a quadruple system with two close eclipsing binaries in Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data. The object is unresolved in Gaia and appears as a single source at parallax 1.08 ± 0.01 mas. Both binaries have observable primary and secondary eclipses and were monitored throughout TESS Cycle 1 (sectors 1–13), falling within the TESS Continuous Viewing Zone. In one eclipsing binary (P = 5.488 days), the smaller star is completely occluded by the larger star during the secondary eclipse; in the other (P = 5.674 days) both eclipses are grazing. Using these data, spectroscopy, speckle photometry, spectral energy distribution analysis, and evolutionary stellar tracks, we have constrained the masses and radii of the four stars in the two eclipsing binaries. The Li i equivalent width indicates an age of 10–50 Myr and, with an outer period of

days, our analysis indicates this is one of the most compact young 2 + 2 quadruple systems known.
Hot Subdwarf Stars Identified in Gaia DR2 with Spectra of LAMOST DR6 and DR7. II.Kinematics
Authors: Luo Yangping , Németh Péter , Li Qida
Published: July 2020

Combining LAMOST radial velocities with Gaia parallaxes and proper motions, we present 3D Galactic space motions and the orbits of 182 single-lined hot subdwarf stars. These stars were identified by Lei et al. in Gaia DR2 with LAMOST DR6 and DR7 spectra. He-rich hot subdwarf stars with

show the largest standard deviations of the Galactic velocity components and orbital parameters, while those with

exhibit the second largest standard deviations. The two groups of He-deficient stars with

show similar standard deviations, which are systematically lower compared to He-rich stars. We also present a kinematic population classification of the four hot subdwarf helium groups based on their positions in the U − V velocity diagram, the

eccentricity diagram, and their Galactic orbits. The overall tendency of the fractional distributions of the four hot subdwarf helium groups in the halo, thin disk, and thick disk is largely consistent with the findings reported by Luo et al. based on LAMOST DR5, which appears to support predictions of binary population synthesis. He-deficient stars with

likely originate from a stable Roche lobe overflow channel, He-deficient stars with

from the common envelope ejection channel, and He-rich stars with

from the merger channel of double He white dwarf stars. The fraction of He-rich hot subdwarf stars with

in the thin disk and the halo is far higher than that in the thick disk, which implies that these stars have different formation channels in the thin disk and in the halo.
Gravitational Potential and Surface Density Drive Stellar Populations. II. Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Barone Tania M. , D’Eugenio Francesco , Colless Matthew , Scott Nicholas
Published: July 2020

Stellar population parameters correlate with a range of galaxy properties, but it is unclear which relations are causal and which are the result of another underlying trend. In this series, we quantitatively compare trends between stellar population properties and galaxy structural parameters in order to determine which relations are intrinsically tighter, and are therefore more likely to reflect a causal relation. Specifically, we focus on the galaxy structural parameters of mass M, gravitational potential

, and surface mass density

. In Barone et al. we found that for early-type galaxies (ETGs) the age–Σ and [Z/H]–Φ relations show the least intrinsic scatter as well as the least residual trend with galaxy size. In this work we study the ages and metallicities measured from full spectral fitting of 2085 star-forming galaxies (SFGs) from the SDSS Legacy Survey, selected so all galaxies in the sample are probed to one effective radius. As with the trends found in ETGs, we find that in SFGs age correlates best with stellar surface mass density, and [Z/H] correlates best with gravitational potential. We discuss multiple mechanisms that could lead to these scaling relations. For the [Z/H]–Φ relation we conclude that gravitational potential is the primary regulator of metallicity, via its relation to the gas escape velocity. The age–Σ relation is consistent with compact galaxies forming earlier, as higher gas fractions in the early universe cause old galaxies to form more compactly during their in situ formation phase, and may be reinforced by compactness-related quenching mechanisms.
MCR-TRGB: A Multiwavelength-covariant, Robust Tip of the Red Giant Branch Measurement Method*
Authors: Durbin M. J. , Beaton R. L. , Dalcanton J. J. , Williams B. F. , Boyer M. L.
Published: July 2020

We present a new method to measure colors and magnitudes of the tip of the red giant branch (TGRB) in multiple bandpasses simultaneously by fitting an n-dimensional Gaussian to photometry of candidate tip stars. We demonstrate that this method has several advantages over traditional edge detection, particularly in regimes where the TRGB magnitude is strongly color dependent, as is the case in the near-infrared (NIR). We apply this method to a re-reduction of a set of optical and NIR Hubble Space Telescope data originally presented in Dalcanton et al. (D12). The re-reduction takes advantage of the increased depth and accuracy in the NIR photometry enabled by simultaneous reduction with higher-resolution optical data in crowded fields. We compare three possible absolute calibrations of the resulting apparent TRGB measurements, one adopting the same distance moduli as in D12 and two based on predicted TRGB absolute magnitudes from two widely used, modern sets of model isochrones. We find systematic offsets among the model absolute calibrations at the ∼0.15 mag level, in line with previous investigations. The models also have difficulty reproducing the optical–NIR color–magnitude behavior of our measurements, making these observations a useful benchmark for future improvements.
The Spectacular Ultraviolet Flash from the Peculiar Type Ia Supernova 2019yvq
Authors: Miller A. A. , Magee M. R. , Polin A. , Maguire K. , Zimmerman E. , Yao Y. , Sollerman J. , Schulze S. , Perley D. A. , Kromer M. , Dhawan S. , Bulla M. , Andreoni I. , Bellm E. C. , De K. , Dekany R. , Delacroix A. , Fremling C. , Gal-Yam A. , Goldstein D. A. , Golkhou V. Z. , Goobar A. , Graham M. J. , Irani I. , Kasliwal M. M. , Kaye S. , Kim Y.-L. , Laher R. R. , Mahabal A. A. , Masci F. J. , Nugent P. E. , Ofek E. , Phinney E. S. , Prentice S. J. , Riddle R. , Rigault M. , Rusholme B. , Schweyer T. , Shupe D. L. , Soumagnac M. T. , Terreran G. , Walters R. , Yan L. , Zolkower J. , Kulkarni S. R.
Published: July 2020

Early observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) provide essential clues for understanding the progenitor system that gave rise to the terminal thermonuclear explosion. We present exquisite observations of SN 2019yvq, the second observed SN Ia, after iPTF 14atg, to display an early flash of emission in the ultraviolet (UV) and optical. Our analysis finds that SN 2019yvq was unusual, even when ignoring the initial flash, in that it was moderately underluminous for an SN Ia (

mag at peak) yet featured very high absorption velocities (

km s−1 for Si ii
λ6355 at peak). We find that many of the observational features of SN 2019yvq, aside from the flash, can be explained if the explosive yield of radioactive 56Ni is relatively low (we measure

) and it and other iron-group elements are concentrated in the innermost layers of the ejecta. To explain both the UV/optical flash and peak properties of SN 2019yvq we consider four different models: interaction between the SN ejecta and a nondegenerate companion, extended clumps of 56Ni in the outer ejecta, a double-detonation explosion, and the violent merger of two white dwarfs. Each of these models has shortcomings when compared to the observations; it is clear additional tuning is required to better match SN 2019yvq. In closing, we predict that the nebular spectra of SN 2019yvq will feature either H or He emission, if the ejecta collided with a companion, strong [Ca ii] emission, if it was a double detonation, or narrow [O i] emission, if it was due to a violent merger.
Additional records of osmiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini) from Azerbaijan
Authors: Proshchalykin Maxim Yu. , Maharramov Mahir M.
Published: July 2020

Data on 38 species and four subspecies of three genera of the tribe Osmiini (Megachilidae) collected in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan are presented. Of them, 19 species and one subspecies are recorded for the fauna of Azerbaijan for the first time. This paper is based on the material of more than 155 specimens, collected by the authors in June 2019 in 21 localities of the republic. Additional 44 specimens of Osmiini from the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic stored in the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Baku have also been studied. Currently, 64 species and four subspecies of osmiine bees are known from this country. This is distinctly less in comparison with the adjacent fauna of Turkey (247), Turkmenistan (110) and Iran (88), but more than understudied faunas of Georgia (31) and Armenia (44). It is assumed that the number of Osmiini species in Azerbaijan may be at least twice as large.
New records of Rhaphium (Dolichopodidae, Diptera) from Russia
Authors: Negrobov Oleg P. , Maslova Olga O. , Chursina Mariya A.
Published: July 2020

The paper presents new faunistic data for 28 species of Rhaphium from Russia and supplements the previous data on species distribution. New faunistic data is given for the following species: Rhaphium albifrons Zetterstedt, 1843, Rh. antennatum (Carlier, 1835), Rh. appendiculatum Zetterstedt, 1849, Rh. basale Loew, 1850, Rh. boreale Van Duzee, 1923, Rh. caliginosum Meigen, 1824, Rh. commune (Meigen, 1824), Rh. confine Zetterstedt, 1843, Rh. dichromum Negrobov, 1976, Rh. discolor Zetterstedt 1838, Rh. dispar Coquillett 1898, Rh. elegantulum Meigen, 1824, Rh. fasciatum Meigen, 1824, Rh. fascipes (Meigen, 1824), Rh. flavilabre Negrobov, 1979, Rh. glaciale Ringdahl, 1920, Rh. latimanum Kahanpää 2007, Rh. longicorne (Fallen, 1823), Rh. monotrichum Loew 1850, Rh. nasutum (Fallen, 1823), Rh. nigribarbatum Becker, 1900, Rh. patellitarse Becker, 1900, Rh. richterae Negrobov, 1977, Rh. riparium (Meigen 1824), Rh. rivale Loew, 1869, Rh. suavis Loew, 1859, Rh. tripartitum Frey 1913, and Rh. umbripenne (Frey, 1915). Seven rare species (Rhaphium basale, Rh. boreale, Rh. confine, Rh. dispar, Rh. fasciatum, Rh. flavilabre and Rh. longicorne) are recorded for the first time in one or two Russian regions. At present, there are 71 species in the genus Rhaphium known from Russia.
La condition paysanne en Bretagne méridionale aux XIV e et XV e siècles
Authors: Rabot Brice
Published: July 2020

La fin du Moyen Âge est marquée par une succession de crises et de soubresauts qui affectent particulièrement les campagnes françaises. Les circuits d’échanges, les productions ou encore les exigences des seigneurs, sous la forme des prélèvements, sont eux aussi touchés par ces crises. Les impacts sont plus ou moins forts suivant les régions et suivant les catégories de la population étudiées. Les paysans, qui constituent l’immense majorité des ruraux, sont en première ligne, même si les informations concernant leur condition restent difficiles à saisir. L’objectif de cette communication sera justement de revenir sur ces points en partant d’un territoire suffisamment ample et cohérent (la Bretagne méridionale) pour appréhender les évolutions et voir si la condition se dégrade ou si d’autres nuances ne doivent pas être apportées.
Les figures du migrant centraméricain irrégulier en transit au Mexique
Authors: Robles Moreno Claudia
Published: July 2020

Cet article prend appui sur des récits des migrants centraméricains en transit au Mexique. Alors que leur traversée porte les marques d’une forte autonomie et d’agentivité, leur place dans la société mexicaine témoigne de l’articulation de rapports multiples de domination. Partant de cette constatation, l’analyse souligne les tensions entre interprétations sociologiques du migrant -tantôt agent, tantôt acteur- et soutien que cette polarisation n’est pas appropriée pour comprendre la migration de transit au Mexique. L’article discute ensuite la possibilité de concilier ces deux visions ou figures sociologiques du migrant. Pour cela, il s’appuie sur des données qualitatives qui montrent la mobilisation de la religion, la famille et le travail. Ces trois ancrages axiologiques permettent de mieux comprendre les trajectoires du migrant-acteur (effort personnel, relations interpersonnelles, résistance physique et mentale) et les vulnérabilités du migrant-victime (discrimination, irrégularité, violence, domination).
Centroamérica, una utopía de Carlos Gagini contra el Imperio
Authors: Coto-Rivel Sergio
Published: July 2020

La novela La caída del águila (1920), del escritor costarricense Carlos Gagini, se vale de la ciencia ficción para imaginar y resignificar el espacio centroamericano en una época en la que las consecuencias de la I Guerra Mundial y el avance de la presencia estadounidense en América Latina favorecen los discursos antiimperialistas y el desarrollo de un nuevo hispanismo que alienta a los intelectuales de la región. El presente artículo analiza estructura argumentativa de la novela de Gagini, la cual fundamenta una idea particular de la unión centroamericana como un espacio de resistencia criolla y heredero de la raza latina. Dicho espacio es construido de forma excluyente de cualquier reivindicación indígena para proponer una fuerza alternativa de liberación ante la dominación norteamericana basada en una raza blanca de ideales europeos y conciencia patriótica.
Representaciones del paisaje centroamericano a través de los discursos poéticos
Authors: Barrientos Tecún Dante
Published: July 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es reflexionar –a través de una mirada panorámica– acerca de las implicaciones ideológicas, políticas y sociales que conllevan las representaciones de la geografía (rural o urbana). El objetivo no apunta a un estudio de autor (o autores) sino a destacar tendencias en la construcción de los paisajes para procurar determinar qué tipo de lecturas se proponen –en diferentes momentos y en diferentes voces– del mundo centroamericano.
Homoerotismo en Mar Caníbal de Uriel Quesada
Authors: Villegas Martínez Víctor Saúl
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la novela Mar Caníbal (2016) de Uriel Quesada para comprender la representación del homoerotismo a partir del eje de la iniciación como tópico central, junto con la identidad como tema periférico. Se demostrará que los personajes que asumen una disidencia sexual fluctúan entre dicotomías que los hacen concebir su deseo de una manera subrepticia frente al discurso heteronormativo; sin embargo, esta coyuntura les permitirá crear estrategias de supervivencia que se van transformado a partir de los ejes propuestos: el transcurrir de la adolescencia a la adultez marcada por la iniciación a la sexualidad y el surgimiento de una identidad “abyecta” frente a lo socialmente aceptable.
Cuerpo como territorio fronterizo y espacio escritural Impúdicas (2016), Arabella Salaverry
Authors: Rodríguez Corrales Carla
Published: July 2020

La pregunta por el cuerpo no sólo ha ocupado un lugar central dentro de la Filosofía y la historia del pensamiento occidental, también ha sido motivo de reflexión en el arte y la Literatura, desde donde se continúan ensayando representaciones que articulan relaciones imbricadas (género, espacio geográfico, etnia, clase social). Lejos de parecer una obsesión, volver sobre el cuerpo parece evidenciar una búsqueda inacabada. La relación establecida por cada sujeto y sociedad con el cuerpo despliega su propio proceso, pues al fin y al cabo el cuerpo conforma nuestro primer territorio, el cual se conforma a partir de la superposición de múltiples narrativas.En consonancia con lo anterior el siguiente estudio se detiene a analizar la propuesta corpo-textual del relato «Astrid (o de las amistades imposibles)», perteneciente a la obra Impúdicas (o de cuentos que se callan) (2016), de la escritora costarricense Arabella Salaverry (1946). Aproximación que pretende develar de qué modo los cuerpos se configuran desde un espacio geográfico particular, la costa Caribe de Costa Rica; cómo lo corpóreo deviene en territorio fronterizo y espacio texto-escritural; en sí, cómo sus contornos son eco de una historia marginal que sobrepasa su singularidad.
Espacio y reorientacion en Ita de Mónica Albizúrez
Authors: Jossa Emanuela
Published: July 2020

El artículo propone un análisis de la novela Ita (2018) de la escritora guatemalteca Mónica Albizúrez, a partir de una noción del espacio como dimensión no neutral de la percepción y de la experiencia, considerado en una relación recíprocamente constitutiva con los cuerpos y los afectos que lo habitan, lo atraviesan, lo crean y lo padecen.
Judicial space and visual memory in the Ixil Trial (Guatemala, 2013)
Authors: Zamora Sauma Rocío
Published: July 2020

Based on the 2013 trial of Ríos Montt and Rodríguez Sánchez for genocide and crimes against humanity in Guatemala, this article seeks to analyse the relationship between judicial space and visual memory. For this I work mainly with several photographs of Sandra Sebastian published online by Plaza Pública. Extrapolating from this specific case, I explore how the spaces in which oral hearings take place present architectural conditions that impact on the visual memory of the trials, and therefore, on the imaginaries of institutions of justice and their actors. I am interested in analysing this relationship with the concept that Linda Mulcahy has called the « dematerialization » and the rupture of the « unity of the drama of the trial ».
Michel Foucault ou l’art de conceptualiser l’environnement, l’espace et le symbolique
Authors: Laberge Yves
Published: July 2020

Cet article veut prolonger en certains points la pensée de Michel Foucault (1926–1984) à propos de trois dimensions distinctes mais complémentaires : l’espace, l’imaginaire et le symbolique, et ce à partir du concept d’hétérotopie, qui sera défini et exemplifié. En montrant l’originalité et la fulgurance de la pensée foucaldienne, on peut mieux comprendre les apports indispensables et innovateurs de sa manière d’appréhender les problèmes de recherche en proposant un angle inusité mais néanmoins pertinent. En mettant en évidence cette manière unique et typique de Foucault d’identifier en toute chose observée des pratiques et des conditions d’émergence, de conceptualiser les lieux en espaces, mais surtout en considérant la création littéraire comme l’avènement d’un imaginaire social pouvant être analysé comme s’il existait réellement, les chercheurs disposent de nouveaux outils conceptuels pour mieux appréhender, comprendre, comparer et critiquer les représentations sociales du monde, des lieux, des pays, des cultures. L’article de Foucault intitulé « Des espaces autres » (1967), subdivisé en six points, servira de base à l’argumentation qui suit. Il ne s’agit pas ici de répéter autrement, de critiquer ou de réécrire le propos substantiel de l’auteur de L’Archéologie du savoir; les commentaires qui suivent serviront plutôt à mettre en évidence le fonctionnement de la pensée foucaldienne et à rappeler certains éléments de méthode déjà énoncés ailleurs et sous-entendus dans l’article « Des espaces autres » (1967). En outre, les pages qui suivent tenteront d’arrimer l’article précité avec certains des questionnements de ce dossier centré sur l’Amérique centrale en suggérant quelques pistes de réflexion. La dernière partie proposera deux autres avenues théoriques émergentes en matière d’études des espaces et de leurs significations.
Le Mexique au prisme du romantisme allemand. A propos de quelques peintures de paysage de J. M. Rugendas (1831-1834)
Authors: Magnin Lucile
Published: July 2020

Cet article explore les liens entre le peintre voyageur Johann Moritz Rugendas et le romantisme allemand du début du XIXe siècle. Partant du constat que certaines peintures de paysages réalisées au Mexique par l’artiste voyageur trahissent l'influence de la peinture romantique allemande, nous nous demandons si Rugendas a pu avoir accès à l’œuvre de Caspar David Friedrich et aux écrits de Carl Gustav Carus notamment. Cette hypothèse semble être plausible si l’on examine certaines peintures et si l’on se penche sur les relations établies par Rugendas entre 1828 et 1831, lors du séjour en Europe qui a précédé son second voyage en Amérique latine.
Races, dynamisme sociopolitique et identité au Mexique
Authors: Lalekou Kouakou Laurent
Published: July 2020

Au Mexique, l’identité nationale a oscillé entre la blanche, l’indienne et la métisse. Ces différentes temporalités amènent à analyser le rôle des facteurs ethniques dans le processus identitaire, leurs conséquences sur le développement et les avantages aujourd’hui d’une construction sociale plurielle. Ce travail qui s’inscrit dans une perspective analytique, montre comment les questions ethniques ont imposé aux luttes sociales et politiques leur dynamique.
La Reforma Agraria en Bolivia y Cuba: Capitalismo, Revolución y organización campesina
Authors: Cali Rocío Belén
Published: July 2020

Los procesos de reforma agraria en América Latina adoptaron diferentes vías y tuvieron distintos alcances, según sus características propias y el contexto en el que se desarrollaron. Un análisis de los procesos de reforma agraria que tuvieron lugar tanto en Bolivia como en Cuba hacia mediados del siglo XX ofrece un buen punto de partida para ilustrar la diversidad de situaciones en las que puede implementarse una medida de estas características, así como también de las distintas formas que puede adoptar según los espacios geográficos en los que tiene lugar y la estructura de relaciones de poder de la que resulta.Comprender las condiciones estructurales de tenencia de la tierra y la orientación de la producción, así como también la situación de explotación de los campesinos y algunas características de los gobiernos revolucionarios instaurados en ambos países, nos permitirá reconocer tanto las causas de las particularidades de cada proceso, así como también sus similitudes.
Impact of fulvic acid and free amino acids on paclobutrazol absorption by ‘Keitt’ mango
Authors: Silva Luan Dos Santos , Silva Paula Tereza de Souza e , Cavalcante Ítalo Herbert Lucena
Published: July 2020

This study evaluated the impact of fulvic acid and free amino acids on paclobutrazol soil residue, their absorption and effects on ‘Keitt’ mango grown in tropical semi-arid environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out from 2017 to 2018 simultaneously in two orchards with the same plants and management characteristics, located in Cabrobó, Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four treatments, five replications and four plants per replication. The treatments consisted of paclobutrazol combinations with acid fulvic and free amino acids, as follows: Treatment 1: paclobutrazol + water (control); Treatment 2: paclobutrazol + fulvic acids; Treatment 3: paclobutrazol + free amino acids; and Treatment 4: paclobutrazol + fulvic acids + free amino acids. According to the results, the use of fulvic acids, free amino acids or both affects the paclobutrazol absorption by 'Keitt' mango. The addition of fulvic acid to the paclobutrazol improves the absorption of this molecule by the plant, with greater inhibition of vegetative growth of 'Keitt' mango and lower soil residues.
Toward a function library for statistical plotting with XSLT and SVG
Authors: Birnbaum David J.
Published: July 2020

Computational textual humanities research often makes use of descriptive statistics and graphic visualization to communicate quantitative information about textual objects of study. SVG is capable of rendering any chart or graph a user might wish to deploy, but there is no standardized function library for XSLT or XQuery comparable to, for example, the support for statistical analysis and visualization available in Python Pandas, Julia, and R. Neither is there any standard XSLT or XPath visualization library comparable to the D3.js (“Data-Driven Design”) JavaScript library that has come to dominate high-quality informational graphics on the World Wide Web. This paper begins to explore the possibility of developing such library resources without leaving the XML ecosystem.
Marking up microrevisions with major implications: Non-linear text in TAG
Authors: Bleeker Elli , Buitendijk Bram , Haentjens Dekker Ronald
Published: July 2020

The article discusses how micro-level textual variation can be expressed in an idiomatic manner using markup, and how the markup information is subsequently used by a digital collation tool for a more refined analysis of the textual variation. We take examples from the manuscript materials of Virginia Woolf's To the Lighthouse (1927), which bear the traces of the author's struggles in the form of deletions, additions, and rewrites. These in-text revisions typically constitute non-linear, discontinuous, or multi-hierarchical information structures. While digital technology has been instrumental in supporting manuscript research, the current data models for text provide only limited support for co-existing hierarchies or non-linear text features. The hypergraph data model of TAG is specifically designed to support and facilitate the study of complex manuscript text by way of its syntax TAGML and the collation tool HyperCollate. The article demonstrates how the study of textual variation can be augmented by designated markup to express the in-text, micro-level revisions, and by computer-assisted collation that takes into account that information.
Cooking up something new
Authors: Flynn Peter
Published: July 2020

This is a report on an experiment to see if XML and the disaggregation of ingredient metadata could be used to reduce errors in recipes. Errors in web pages, PDFs, and print have been an irritant to authors, cooks, editors, and publishers for many decades, and occasionally the cause of an expensive recall. This research aims to see if markup could help.

Modern recipe structure is a well-established convention of a list of ingredients and a list of instructions (“method”). The writing about mistakes is sparse but highlights errors of omission and commission, inconsistency, sequence, and mismatch between the lists. Attributes for ID and classification were added to the ingredients list in a nonce recipe schema, along with an IDREFS attribute for use in the references to ingredients in the instructions; and code was written for cross-checking existence, usage, and consistent reproduction of names, and tested on a small collection of recipes.

We demonstrated that five of the seven classes of error identified could be straightforwardly remedied, but that the requirements for disaggregated data input needed to deal with the consistency issues may be too detailed for non-expert use unless assisted by a semantic filter.
Improving Accessibility of an XML-based Conference Proceedings Web Site
Authors: Quin Liam
Published: July 2020

This paper describes ongoing work to make the Web site containing the proceedings for the Balisage conference be more accessible. Like many older Web sites, the site may have followed best practices when the framework was built, but times and the Web have moved on. The site is built from static XML documents using XSLT, which was modified as needed.

Difficulties encountered included those common to updating any project’s production code that has been in use for a long time and has undergone periodic tweaks and adjustments; changes specific to accessibility and to the XML input are highlighted. The work took only a few days, albeit spread over several months, accompanied by considerably more research and testing, also described in the paper.

Limitations of the work, especially including dealing with author-submitted content, are also described.
An XML infrastructure
Authors: Sperberg-McQueen C. M.
Published: July 2020

Spell checking has both practical and theoretical significance. The practical connections seem obvious: spell checking makes it easier to find some kinds of errors in documents. But spell checking is sometimes harder and less capable in XML than it could be. If a spell checker could exploit markup instead of just ignoring it, could spell checking be easier and more useful? The theoretical foundations of spell checking may be less obvious, but every spell checker operationalizes both a simple model of language and a model of errors and error correction. The SCX (spell checking for XML) framework is intended to support the author's experimentation with different models of language and errors: it uses XML technologies to tokenize documents, spell check them, provide a user interface for acting on the flags raised by the spell checker, and inserting the corrections into the original text.
Experiences from declarative markup to improve the accessibility of HTML
Authors: Rubano Vincenzo , Vitali Fabio
Published: July 2020

Producing accessible content for the Web is a rather complex task. Standards, rules and principles that offer largely useful recommendations for accessible content do indeed exist, but they are not adequately enforced and supported by actual implementations. It is fairly frequent for content authors to produce material that ends up not being accessible without even noticing it, even when using additional tools and services.

Yet, most of the existing recommendations for accessible web resources center around the addition of reasonably simple markup with a clear declarative purpose in their design. How therefore is it possible that producing truly accessible content is such a rare occurrence?

In this paper, we posit that an important justification of this, in addition to well-known lack of interest and lack of awareness, is the difficulty of evaluating and perceiving the correctness or wrongness of the generated assistive markup by non-disabled content authors and tool designers. Designers have serious difficulties when evaluating the effectiveness and correctness of the accessibility of their works, and existing tools do little or nothing to reduce the "handicap".

Under these assumptions, we aim to describe an innovative approach based on declarative markup to improve the design and evaluation the accessibility of web pages. In particular, our strategy encompasses the combined usage of a declarative framework of accessible web components, capable of enforcing best-practices and conformance to accessibility standards, as well as automated tools to test for the accessibility of web content and, in addition, a new approach to manual tools to let developers and content creators examine visually the accessibility issues so that they can make sense of their impact on people with disabilities.
KARAKTERISTIK RAGAM BAHASA HUKUM DALAM PERSIDANGAN DI PENGADILAN NEGERI BANDA ACEH
Authors: Rahmad Nuthihar  , Mursyidin  , Wahdaniah
Published: July 2020

The focus of this study examined the characteristics of the variety of law languages found in trials at the Banda Aceh District Court. This research is a qualitative type with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected by recording technique and recording the speech of trial participants consisting of judges, public prosecutors, lawyers, defendants, and visitors to the trial. The results of this study concluded that in the trial at the Banda Aceh District Court there were four characteristics of a variety of law languages consisting of, official, honesty, cohesiveness, and clarity of meaning. The characteristics of the various law languages aspects of officiality are characterized by the use of standard vocabulary words. The aspect of clarity of meaning in the trial is evidenced by the use of diction which is easily understood. The diction used by judges, lawyers and prosecutors is a popular type of diction. The aspect of cohesiveness of the mind is proven by the formulation of sentences showing the roundness of the elements and having clear links. Furthermore, aspects of the miscarriage caused by sentences uttered by judges, lawyers, or public prosecutors are simple and concise sentences.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji karakteristik ragam bahasa hukum dalam persidangan di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknk pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simak dengan metode rekam catat selama persidangan sumber data penelitian ini terdiri atas ujaran hakim, jaksa penuntut umum, pengacara, terdakwa, dan pengunjung persidangan. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam persidangan di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh terdapat empat karakteristik dari berbagai bahasa hukum yang terdiri atas (1) keresmian (2) kejelasan makna, (3) kepaduan pikiran, dan (4) kelugasan. Karakteristik ragam bahasa hukum aspek keresmian ditandai dengan  penggunaan kata-kata kosakata baku. Aspek kejelasan makna dalam persidangan dibuktikan dengan penggunaan diksi yang mudah dipahami. Diksi yang digunakan oleh hakim, pengacara dan jaksa adalah jenis diksi yang populer. Aspek kepaduan pikiran dibuktikan dengan rumusan kalimat yang menunjukkan kebulatan unsur-unsur dan memiliki keterkaitan yang jelas. Selanjuntya, penerapan aspek kelugasan makna dalam persidangan dibuktikan dengan kalimat yang diucapkan oleh hakim, pengacara, ataupun jaksa penuntut umum merupakan kalimat yang sederhana dan ringkas.

Kata Kunci:  Ragam Bahasa, Bahasa Hukum, Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh
COVID-19: Structural Changes in the Relationship Between Investor Sentiment and Crude Oil Futures Price
Authors: Huang Wenli , Zheng Yuqi
Published: July 2020

This paper investigates whether the relationship between investor sentiment and crude oil futures price has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find a structural change in the relationship from December 31, 2019 to February 25, 2020. The elasticity of crude oil futures price to investor sentiment changed from -0.295 pre-COVID-19 outbreak to -0.678 post-outbreak.
PROBLEMS AND LIMITATION FACED BY FRANCO-GERMAN TANDEM AS TWIN ENGINE IN EUROPEAN UNION AS THE FUTURE LEADING PARTNER
Authors: Majeed Fareeha
Published: July 2020

Europe is a melting pot of diverse cultures, civilizations and amalgamation of various ethnicities. It is a land which faced many catastrophes, high intensity conflicts and wars. Two world wars have been fought on this land. Almost all the major nations participated directly or indirectly at massive scale. Franco-German axis is a term to explain the relations of both the countries in the context of their mutual cooperation and their significant role in contemporary political affairs of Europe. Post war era 1945, congenial atmosphere of synchronization between both the countries replaced three century old French- German hostility. This tandem performed active role not only in the politically integrated European nation but also they played a vital role in the formation of single currency euro as well. Comparatively their functioning is becoming slow but they are still necessary for future of Europe. It is a general impression that the FrancoGerman alliance is facing critical phase, or in other words they are no longer being capable to act as the twin motor of European integration but Euro pe do not have an appropriate replacement. As far as the future of Franco-German relationship or leadership is concerned it acted necessary of European Union’s twin motor in the past but in recent years national interest became more supreme than the interest of European Union as a whole.
PERJANJIAN SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN OBYEK WISATA OLEH DESA ADAT DI KABUPATEN GIANYAR
Authors: I Nyoman Punduh
Published: July 2020

Abstrak

Tourism is one of the mainstays in foreign exchange earnings for national and regional development. For this reason, Indonesia's tourism development must be able to create new innovations to sustain and increase competitiveness in a sustainable manner. At present both at the central and regional levels are regulated according to what is stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 18 paragraph (2) states that "Provincial, Regency and City Regional Governments regulate and manage their own government affairs according to the principle of autonomy and co-administration task. ”The granting of broad autonomy to the regions is directed at accelerating the realization of people's welfare through service improvement, empowerment and community participation. Besides that, through broad autonomy, the regions are expected to be able to increase their competitiveness by paying attention to the principles of democracy, equity of justice, special and special characteristics as well as regional potential and diversity in the system of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The formulation of the problem in this study is: whether the agreement can be used as the basis of authority by traditional villages in managing tourism objects in Gianyar Regency and whether the obstacles of traditional villages in managing tourism objects in Gianyar Regency.

This type of research used in discussing the problem of this study is to use empirical legal research. Empirical law research is research in the form of empirical studies to find theories about the process of occurrence and about the process of working of law in society.

The results of the discussion in this study are as follows: Cooperation agreement between the Head of the Gianyar Regency Tourism Office with the Customary Villages and the Tememong Pura which has been in the form of a cooperation agreement between the Head of the Gianyar Regency Tourism Office and the Gunung Kawi Customary Village Tampaksiring Number 9619 / Diparda / 2018, Nomo5 05 / DP-PGK / IV / 2018, this cooperation agreement can be used as the basis of authority by traditional villages in managing tourism objects in Gianyar Regency. Customary villages in managing tourist objects in Gianyar Regency, encountered several obstacles including: Internal barriers, such as Human Resources, management personnel are still low, facilities and infrastructure in tourist objects are still limited, public awareness around the location of objects is still low. External barriers, such as natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions, epidemics such as rabies, bird flu and others and terrorism.

Keywords: Customary Village, Tourism, Agreement
Regime Tributário do ISS para as Sociedades Uniprofissionais e sua Aplicação para Sociedades Simples Limitadas
Authors: Pinto Alexandre Evaristo
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo examinar a aplicação do regime tributário do ISS de sociedades uniprofissionais para as sociedades simples organizadas sob a forma de sociedades limitadas. Para tanto, será feita uma análise do regime de tributação das sociedades uniprofissionais pelo ISS, sobretudo descrevendo as hipóteses de proibição de tal regime no Município de São Paulo, e do regime societário das sociedades que prestam serviços de natureza intelectual, científica ou artística, de modo que serão expostas as características que distinguem a sociedade empresária e a sociedade simples.
ICMS e as Operações Ship-to-ship em Zona Econômica Exclusiva
Authors: Napoleão Alves Henrique , Junqueira Coelho Eduardo
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, partimos de um cenário hipotético de transporte para operação ship-to-ship e subsequente exportação. Nele, a transportadora vai até o local de exploração situado em zona econômica exclusiva e transporta a carga até o local em que será realizada a operação ship-to-ship, igualmente em zona econômica exclusiva; após, a carga segue para o seu destino final em país estrangeiro. A partir daí, procuramos responder ao seguinte: há incidência de ICMS sobre os serviços de transporte em questão? Para isso, cuidamos: da definição de “transporte internacional”, contido nos tratados incorporados pelo ordenamento jurídico pátrio; dos elementos centrais do ICMS sobre serviços de transporte; do modo como a exoneração constitucional e infraconstitucional das exportações se relaciona com os serviços de transporte; da natureza jurídico-constitucional da zona econômica exclusiva. Tudo isso é cumprido a partir de um enfoque nas formulações dos textos normativos, na argumentação racional e na apreciação jurisprudencial crítico-descritiva dos tribunais superiores.
Questões Controversas no Regime de Tributação das Stock Options
Authors: Pinto Alexandre Evaristo , Takata Marcos Shigeo
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo examinar os aspectos tributários da concessão de opções de ações. Para tanto, será feita uma análise do regime contábil das opções de ações, bem como uma análise crítica das questões tributárias controversas e dos precedentes administrativos sobre o tema.
Caracterização do Crédito Presumido Outorgado pela Lei n. 12.973/2014 como Subsídio Proibido no Âmbito da OMC
Authors: Schioser Luna Pantoja
Published: July 2020

Será analisado o direito de crédito (tax credit) outorgado às controladoras brasileiras com fundamento na neutralidade de exportação de capitais com a finalidade de evitar a dupla tributação da renda nas transações internacionais. Tratar-se-á do crédito presumido de 9% outorgado pelo art. 87 da Lei n. 12.973/2014 às pessoas jurídicas brasileiras, a ser deduzido do IRPJ e da CSLL incidentes sobre os lucros das coligadas e controladas no exterior que desenvolvam determinadas atividades. O crédito presumido de 9% representa uma isenção da CSLL em relação aos lucros auferidos no exterior. Assim, pretende-se analisar se esse benefício, quando conjugado com a norma de safe harbour na exportação, que pela legislação brasileira admite margem de divergência de até 5% na transação entre vinculadas, pode vir a caracterizar subsídio à exportação vedado pelo artigo 3.1(a) do Acordo de Subsídios e Medidas Compensatórias (ASCM) da OMC.
Regime Não Cumulativo das Contribuições
Authors: Fallet Allan , Feitosa Airton
Published: July 2020

Este artigo busca analisar o entendimento firmado pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça, nos autos do REsp n. 1.221.170/PR, sobre o conceito de insumos do PIS e da COFINS no regime não cumulativo, além da análise sobre os reflexos desse entendimento no âmbito administrativo e a sua aplicação para os contribuintes com atividade comercial (atacadistas e/ou varejistas). Para isso, será feita uma análise detalhada do histórico da tese de creditamento de insumos do PIS e da COFINS, bem como a análise de precedentes do Supremo Tribunal Federal, do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, do Conselho Administrativo de Recursos Fiscais e de atos administrativos emitidos pela Receita Federal do Brasil e pela Procuradoria-Geral da Fazenda Nacional.
Ética da Justiça Fiscal
Authors: Kirchoff Paul , Adamy Pedro
Published: July 2020

A tributação é a expressão financeira da boa ordem que uma comunidade dá a si mesma. Ela reflete a compreensão do Estado, define as suas tarefas e a esfera de liberdade dos cidadãos. É a base para os deveres mais importantes do povo, modera as diferenças de rendimento e riqueza resultantes das liberdades econômica e concorrenciais, e cria a base para a segurança, a infraestrutura e os serviços sociais garantidos pelo Estado. Os impostos reclamam dinheiro, ou seja, restringem os bens pelos quais as pessoas se esforçam e fazem guerras. A legislação tributária deve, portanto, ser transparente, geral, compreensível e convincente. O direito tributário e a ética fiscal estarão em harmonia se o homem de negócios honesto e o cidadão decente souberem o que é correto ao declararem e pagarem seus tributos.
Política Brasileira de Tributação de Serviços Técnicos
Authors: Dias Júnior Antônio Augusto Souza
Published: July 2020

A tributação dos serviços técnicos nos tratados brasileiros é tema controverso. Para investigar o melhor sentido e apontar a melhor interpretação, o presente trabalho pretende incluir na discussão a posição de países em desenvolvimento. O contexto histórico e econômico também será utilizado como um recurso interpretativo. A posição da OCDE a respeito será um dos fatores considerados, e não o único.
Planejamento Tributário Internacional no Projeto BEPS
Authors: Cunha Ariel de Abreu
Published: July 2020

A globalização e as crises econômicas colocaram a tributação internacional em posição de destaque no ambiente mundial de discussão. Neste cenário, emerge o Projeto BEPS, que visa ao combate da erosão da base tributária e da transferência de lucros. Para tanto, com o propósito deliberado de estabelecer novos standards à tributação internacional, são apresentadas 15 Ações que têm em seu núcleo a oposição ao denominado planejamento tributário agressivo, termo abrangente, aberto e subjetivo que rejeita a dupla não tributação e busca impor restrições desarrazoadas à elisão fiscal. Neste sentido, considerando a relevância do tema para o futuro do planejamento tributário internacional, o trabalho objetiva analisar o conteúdo deste conceito e identificar seus excessos, avaliando seus atritos com a segurança jurídica e a livre iniciativa e a necessidade de observar a política fiscal dos países. Em sua conclusão, busca responder se o Projeto BEPS institui um planejamento tributário agressivo ou agredido.
Paraísos Fiscais: Elisão ou Evasão Fiscal?
Authors: Iglesias Marcelo Bloizi , De Oliveira Arthur Tadeu Argôlo
Published: July 2020

O tema abordado neste artigo é referente a um estudo analítico da estratégia de planejamento tributário internacional conhecida pela terminologia fictícia “Tax Havens”, traduzido para o português como “Paraísos Fiscais”, que concerne a zonas específicas onde incorrem baixa ou nenhuma tributação, constituídas exclusivamente para este fim. Esta pesquisa é relevante pela expansão das sociedades empresárias no âmbito internacional que estudam os melhores regimes jurídicos de tributação para alocar suas sedes e constituir filiais diante da repercussão econômica que a tributação tem sobre negociações comerciais e fluxos de capital. A pesquisa é importante também por analisar a alta e complexa carga tributária incidente no Brasil sobre tais negociações envolvendo sociedades empresárias. O tema-problema que envolve a pesquisa se direciona à seguinte indagação: o que torna a estratégia dos paraísos fiscais um método lícito/ilícito de redução do ônus tributário? A pesquisa justifica-se pela desconstrução do senso comum sobre a ilegalidade desta forma de planejamento, inobstante reconheçam-se os crimes tributários cometidos neste panorama. O objetivo do trabalho é averiguar a legitimidade e legalidade desta estratégia societária. O presente artigo é resultado do desenvolvimento da pesquisa, tendo por método de abordagem o dedutivo, e sendo uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva. O trabalho segue a vertente jurídico-dogmática e a linha crítico-metodológica. Foram utilizados elementos de bibliografia e pesquisa compreendidos por artigos científicos, doutrinas nacionais e internacionais, bem como análise de diplomas legais. Os resultados alcançados na pesquisa demonstram que paraísos fiscais são uma estratégia lícita, conquanto sejam constantemente utilizados para fins diversos.
APLICAÇÃO DOS TRATADOS PARA EVITAR A DUPLA TRIBUTAÇÃO AOS FUNDOS DE INVESTIMENTO CONSTITUÍDOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Braga Guilherme Froner Cavalcante
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo analisa a aplicação dos tratados internacionais para evitar a dupla tributação a fundos de investimento constituídos no Brasil, cujos ativos se encontram no País, em relação a investidores estrangeiros, especificamente no que tange (i) ao acesso dos fundos de investimento aos tratados, (ii) à qualificação dos ganhos e rendimentos oriundos dos fundos de investimento, bem como (iii) as cláusulas de limitação de benefícios.