bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronically Impaired Endothelial Vasoreactivity Following Oversized Endovascular Introducer Sheath Placement in Porcine Iliac Arteries: Implications for Endovascular Therapy
Authors: Lin Peter H. , Steinberg James L. , Okada Tamuru , Zhou Wei , El Sayed Hosam F. , Kougias Panos , Peden Eric K. , Huynh Tam T. , Yao Qizhi , Chen Changyi
Published: August 2007

The conventional endovascular aortic aneurysm procedure entails the placement of oversized introducer sheaths in relatively normal ileofemoral arteries to allow the delivery and deployment of endovascular prosthesis. Endoluminal manipulation with passage of oversized endoluminal devices can lead to endothelial denudation, resulting in impaired cellular function. The purpose of this study was to assess the time course of endothelial function with vasoreactivity following oversized endovascular sheath insertion ranging from 1 day to 16 weeks in normal porcine iliac arteries. Following oversized introducer sheath placement in bilateral iliac arteries, vasoreactivity was tested using both endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators. Intravascular ultrasonography showed a significant reduction in the luminal area at 12 and 16 weeks. This was similarly supported by morphometric analysis, which showed increased medial thickness with an elevated intima to media ratio at the same time course. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to bradykinin, calcium ionophore A23187, serotonin, and adenosine diphosphate all uniformly displayed attenuated endothelial dysfunction at all time points when compared with the control group. In contrast, endothelium-independent relaxation showed a decreased vasoresponsiveness at 4 weeks. In conclusion, this study underscored the detrimental and chronic endothelial dysfunction in a normal artery caused by oversized introducer sheath placement. Chronically impaired endothelial function may play a role leading to iliofemoral artery thrombosis or late occlusion, which were well-recognized adverse events following endovascular aneurysm procedures. Our study underscores the importance of appropriate patient selection to minimize potential sheath oversize and endograft device miniaturization to avoid vessel wall injury and maintain vasoreactivity.
Complications of Diagnostic Arteriography Performed by a Vascular Surgeon in a Recent Series of 558 Patients
Authors: AbuRahma Ali F. , Elmore Michael , Deel John , Mullins Bandy , Hayes John
Published: August 2007

This article analyzes the complication rates of diagnostic arteriographies performed by a single vascular surgeon and compares them to those previously published by interventional radiologists. Five hundred fifty-eight consecutive patients who underwent diagnostic arteriographies were analyzed. A modification of one study's criteria was used to compile perioperative complications. The technical success rate was 99%. These included 345 aortoiliofemoral arteriograms with runoff, 64 aortoiliofemoral arteriograms for abdominal aortic aneurysms, 83 aortoiliofemoral arteriograms with contralateral selective iliacs, 35 aortoiliofemoral arteriograms with carotids, and 27 aortoiliofemoral arteriograms with selective visceral/renal. Femoral artery puncture was used in 93%, and left brachial artery in 7%. The mean amount of contrast was 97 cc and the mean operative time was 25 minutes. The overall complication rate was 3.8% (1.3% major), which was comparable to what was published previously (1.9% and 2.9%) but superior to what we published previously as performed by our radiologists (7%, p <.001). A logistic regression could not find any variables that were significant for the prediction of a major complication. However, increased age, a longer operating time (≥ 30 minutes), and smoking were associated with an increase in overall complications. It was determined that diagnostic arteriography can be done safely by experienced vascular surgeons with low complication rates that compare favorably with what was published by interventional radiologists.
Hybrid Repair of Aortic Arch Aneurysms: A Totally Extrathoracic Approach with Branched Endografts in Two Patients
Authors: Ferreira Marcelo , Chuter Timothy , Hartley David , Lanziotti Luiz , Abuhadba Giafar , Monteiro Marcelo , Capotorto Luis
Published: August 2007

Of all of the aortic segments, the aortic arch is the last frontier for endovascular treatment. The main difficulty for arch repair is the lack of an appropriate proximal landing zone of at least 2 to 3 cm required for endograft sealing and anchoring to diminish the risk of endoleaks or migration. We used branched endografts to treat two cases of aortic aneurysms that required complete arch endografting, with successful aneurysm exclusion.
Effect Sizes in Cluster-Randomized Designs
Authors: Hedges Larry V.
Published: August 2007

Multisite research designs involving cluster randomization are becoming increasingly important in educational and behavioral research. Researchers would like to compute effect size indexes based on the standardized mean difference to compare the results of cluster-randomized studies (and corresponding quasi-experiments) with other studies and to combine information across studies in meta-analyses. This article addresses the problem of defining effect sizes in multilevel designs and computing estimates of those effect sizes and their standard errors from information that is likely to be reported in journal articles. Three effect sizes are defined corresponding to different standardizations. Estimators of each effect size index are also presented along with their sampling distributions (including standard errors).
Polypropylene-Clay Nanocomposites Fibers Structure and Performance
Authors: Ajji A. , Denault J. , Côté D. , Bureau M. , Trudel-Boucher D.
Published: August 2007

Fibers from Polypropylene (PP) and polypropylene nanocomposite (PNC) were produced using a fiber spinning process. Various amounts of different clays were added to the PP matrix. The structure of PP and PNC fibers was evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction. The crystalline axes orientation factors were determined from wide-angle X-ray diffraction pole figures of (110) and (040) reflections for PP and of (001) for clay. The d-spacing of the (001) clay crystalline plane, indicative of the clay dispersion, was determined from the intensity −2 θ plots superimposed on the two dimensional X-ray diagrams. The results obtained for the d-spacing at small angles indicated that the clay in the PNC maintained its intercalated distance at low loadings whereas at higher loadings, some aggregation was observed. Results on orientation of the clay (001) axis (normal to the clay platelets plane) indicated that it was oriented perpendicular to the machine direction, which is expected. Its orientation in the normal and transverse directions was different, suggesting that clay platelets were not randomly distributed in the transverse plane, which was confirmed from SEM observations. The orientation of PP c-axis in the fibers was slightly higher for the nano-composite that the pure resin. Tensile modulus, strength and elongation at break for both PP and PNC fibers increased with increasing draw ratio. Flexural modulus and strength of laminates made by consolidation of the PNC fibers were higher than those of consolidated pure PP fibers as well as those of bulk PP or PNC.
Constant Temperature Microfeature Embossing with Slowly Crystallizing Polymers
Authors: Yao D. , Nagarajan P. , Ramasubramani K. R. T.
Published: August 2007

A new microfeature embossing method utilizing a slowly crystallizing mechanism was investigated to eliminate thermal cycling, as needed in standard hot embossing. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) was used as a model system for demonstration. Due to its slow crystallization, amorphous PET film can be made by melt casting onto a chilled roll. The resulting amorphous film was embossed at a constant temperature of 180°C for a period of time comparable to or longer than the polymer's half-time of crystallization. During constant-temperature embossing, the film is softened first, caused by rubber softening of the amorphous phase, and is then hardened, resulting from the crystallization of the amorphous phase at the same embossing temperature. Since the embossed film is hardened under the constant mold temperature, no cooling is needed. Selected micro features, including circular microchannels and high aspect ratio microribs, were consistently patterned using a total cycle time about 40s. The embossed films were characterized using DSC and rotational rheometry to elucidate the physical mechanism for softening and hardening the polymer during constant-temperature embossing.
A Dynamic Systems View of Economic and Political Theory
Authors: Fuchs Christian , Collier John
Published: August 2007

Economic logic impinges on contemporary political theory through both economic reductionism and economic methodology applied to political decision-making (through game theory). The authors argue that the sort of models used are based on mechanistic and linear methodologies that have now been found wanting in physics. They further argue that complexity based self-organization methods are better suited to model the complexities of economy and polity and their interactions with the overall social system.
Realistic Idealism
Authors: Tabensky Pedro Alexis
Published: August 2007

In this paper I criticize political realism in International Relations for not being realistic enough, for being unrealistically pessimistic and ultimately incoherent. For them the international arena will always be a place where a battle of wills, informed by the logic of power, is fought. I grant that it may be true that the international political domain is a place where such battles are fought, but this alleged infelicitous situation does not in and of itself entail the normative pessimism informing their assessments of the international domain, and it does not entail the recommendations offered by political realists, particularly relating to balance of power concerns. Their lack of realism stems from total or partial blindness to the proper and coherent ideals that ought to be informing their analyses of the international domain. Such blindness does not allow them properly to grasp what actually is the case. As we can only properly understand what an eye is by knowing the ideal that defines eyes — proper vision — so too we can only properly identify the movements of the international political arena in relation to ideals that ultimately define this arena, ideals that stem from a proper understanding of the human person. Following an Aristotelian teleological technique of analysis, I show that ideals are a constitutive part of the international domain and I recommend an alternative to political realism, namely, realistic idealism (or, if you prefer, idealistic realism).
Book Reviews
Authors: Deacon Roger , Parker Ben , Waetjen Herman C. , Thomassen Lasse
Published: August 2007

Humanity, Terrorism, Terrorist War: Palestine, 9-11, Iraq, 7-7..., by Ted Honderich
Roger Deacon

The Struggle for Meaning: Reflections on Philosophy, Culture and Democracy in Africa, by Paulin J. Hountondji
Ben Parker

The Rationalists: Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz by Pauline Phemister
Herman C. Waetjen

The Divided West by Jürgen Habermas
Lasse Thomassen
Predictors of response to reinduction chemotherapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia who do not achieve complete remission with frontline induction chemotherapy
Authors: Brandwein Joseph M. , Gupta Vikas , Schuh Andre C. , Schimmer Aaron D. , Yee Karen , Xu Wei , Messner Hans A. , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Minden Mark D.
Published: August 2007

Eighty‐one patients with acute myeloid leukemia who had persistent leukemia following standard induction therapy with cytarabine plus daunorubicin (7+3 regimen) underwent reinduction therapy with a combination of mitoxantrone, etoposide, and high‐dose cytarabine (HiDAC). Patients achieving complete remission (CR) then received consolidation therapy with HiDAC plus mitoxantrone. Patients with matched sibling donors were referred for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in CR‐1. The overall response rate to reinduction was 53%. The major adverse predictors of CR on multivariate analysis were poor risk cytogenetics, a higher % bone marrow blasts prior to reinduction therapy and increased age. The median relapse‐free survival (RFS) was 9 months and the estimated 2‐year RFS was 30%. No significant predictors of RFS or overall survival (OS) were found among the patients achieving CR. Patients undergoing allogeneic BMT in CR‐1 after double induction had a 50% 2‐year OS. Patients relapsing after achieving CR with double induction had a poor outcome with a 4% 1‐year OS. The results indicate that patients with poor risk cytogenetics or marrow blast percentage ≥ 60% following 7+3 induction have a low probability of achieving CR with reinduction and should be considered for novel approaches to improve CR rates. Patients achieving CR are at high risk of relapse and should be considered for allogeneic BMT or novel strategies to attempt to reduce relapse rates. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of high‐density polyethylene‐g‐maleic anhydride on the morphology and properties of (high‐density polyethylene)/(ethylene–vinyl alcohol) copolymer alloys
Authors: Wang Qifei , Qi Rongrong , Shen Yanhan , Liu Qiaochu , Zhou Chixing
Published: August 2007

High‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/(ethylene‐vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) copolymer alloys were prepared through reactive extrusion method with high‐density polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (HDPE‐g‐MAH) as a compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of the blending system. The results of the morphologies and properties of HDPE/EVOH blends show that the size of dispersed EVOH phase in HDPE/EVOH/HDPE‐g‐MAH blends is greatly diminished, the crystallization of EVOH is retarded and the impact strength of the blends is improved, which mean that specific interactions could be existed between the functional groups of the EVOH and HDPE‐g‐MAH. Rheological experiments and FTIR spectra reveal that network structures are formed in the blends when the content of compatibilizer is >20%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Dynamic reaction inside co‐rotating twin screw extruder. II. Waste ground rubber tire powder/polypropylene blends
Authors: Lee Sung Hyo , Balasubramanian Maridass , Kim Jin Kuk
Published: August 2007

In this article, dynamic reaction of waste ground rubber tire powder/PP blends with compatibilizers is extended to commercially available waste rubber Viz. Ground rubber tire and PP for the possibility of getting recycled material with good mechanical properties. In the first part of the article it was shown that the compatibility of model material/PP blends has greatly improved. In this article, extensive studies have been carried out to study the effect of compatibilizers, in‐situ compatibilization of immiscible waste ground rubber tire (WGRT) powder/polyolefin blends of various concentrations was investigated by means of extrusion process using a co‐rotating twin screw extruder. It was observed that addition of small amounts of compatibilizers like SEBS‐g‐MA to the blends of WGRT and PP‐g‐MA can result in better mechanical properties than the blends with isotactic PP. The blends of WGRT powder and PP‐g‐MA with compatibilizer have better adhesion than those of isotactic PP blends as revealed by the morphological studies using AFM and SEM. The betterment in properties can be attributed to the presence of functional group, maleic anhydride in PP‐g‐MA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Transcriptional analysis of polydnaviral genes in the course of parasitization reveals segment‐specific patterns
Authors: Weber Benjamin , Annaheim Marc , Lanzrein Beatrice
Published: August 2007

Polydnaviruses are symbiotic viruses of endoparasitic wasps, which are formed in their ovary and injected along with the eggs into the host. They manipulate the host in a way to allow successful parasitoid development. A hallmark of polydnaviruses is their segmented genome consisting of several circles of double‐stranded DNA. We are studying the solitary egg‐larval parasitoid Chelonus inanitus (Braconidae) parasitizing Spodoptera littoralis (Noctuidae). The polydnavirus of Chelonus inanitus (CiV) protects the parasitoid larva from encapsulation by the host's immune system, slightly modifies host nutritional physiology, and induces a developmental arrest of the host in the prepupal stage. Here we present data on newly identified CiV genes and their expression patterns in the course of parasitization. None of these genes has similarity to other genes and so far no gene families could be found. A rough estimation of transcript quantities revealed that even the most highly expressed CiV genes reach maximal values, which are 250 times lower than actin. This indicates that the CiV‐induced alterations of the host are brought about by a concerted action of low levels of transcripts. In an overview, we show the expression patterns of all CiV genes analysed up to now; they indicate that several genes with similar expression patterns (early, persistent, intermediate, or late) are grouped together on the same segment. This is the first observation of this type. It suggests that one function of the segmentation of the polydnavirus genome may be the grouping together of genes, which are regulated in a similar manner. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 66:9–22, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Significance of the 19‐kDa hemolymph protein HP19 for the development of the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica: morphological and biochemical effects caused by antibody application
Authors: Arif Abul , Gullipalli Damodar , Scheller Klaus , Dutta‐Gupta Aparna
Published: August 2007

The hemolymph protein HP19 of the rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica, mediates the 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E)‐dependent acid phosphatase (ACP) activity at a nongenomic level. Affinity‐purified polyclonal antibody against HP19 (αHP19‐IgG) was used in the present study to understand the role of HP19 during the postembryonic development of Corcyra. In the in vitro studies, HP19 action was blocked either by immuno‐precipitation using αHP19‐IgG, prior to its addition to the fat body culture or by the addition of the antibody directly to the culture, along with 20E and hemolymph containing HP19. The αHP19‐IgG blocked the HP19‐mediated 20E‐dependent ACP activation. In the in vivo studies, the αHP19‐IgG was injected into the fully developed last (final/Vth) instar larvae of Corcyra, to complex the HP19 in vivo, in order to block the action of HP19. The injection of αHP19‐IgG resulted in defective development of larvae, which grew either into non‐viable larvae or larval‐pupal/pupal‐adult intermediates relative to the effect of pre‐immune IgG injected controls. The present study shows that HP19 plays an important role in controlling the metamorphosis of Corcyra by regulating the 20E‐dependent ACP activity. Coupled with the earlier findings, the ecdysteroid hormone regulates this action at a nongenomic level. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 66:32–44, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of the compounds 2‐methoxynaphthoquinone, 2‐propoxynaphthoquinone, and 2‐isopropoxynaphthoquinone on ecdysone 20‐monooxygenase activity
Authors: Mitchell Martin J. , Brescia Aaron I. , Smith Stan L. , Morgan E. David
Published: August 2007

The effects of the natural compound 2‐methoxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone, isolated from the leaves of Impatiens glandulifera and the synthetic compounds 2‐propoxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone and 2‐isopropoxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone on ecdysone 20‐monooxygenase (E‐20‐M) activity were examined in three insect species. Homogenates of wandering stage third instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster, or abdomens from adult female Aedes aegypti, or fat body or midgut from fifth instar larvae of Manduca sexta were incubated with radiolabelled ecdysone and increasing concentrations (from 1 × 10–8 to 1 × 10–3 M) of the three compounds. All three compounds were found to inhibit in a dose‐dependent fashion the E‐20‐M activity in the three insect species. The concentration of these compounds required to elicit a 50% inhibition of this steroid hydroxylase activity in the three insect species examined ranged from approximately 3 × 10–5 to 7 × 10–4 M. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 66:45–52, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dispersion Interactions Govern the Strong Thermal Stability of a Protein
Authors: Vondrášek Jiří , Kubař Tomáš , Jenney Francis E. , Adams Michael W. W. , Kožíšek Milan , Černý Jiří , Sklenář Vladimír , Hobza Pavel
Published: August 2007

Rubredoxin from the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus (Pf Rd) is an extremely thermostable protein, which makes it an attractive subject of protein folding and stability studies. A fundamental question arises as to what the reason for such extreme stability is and how it can be elucidated from a complex set of interatomic interactions. We addressed this issue first theoretically through a computational analysis of the hydrophobic core of the protein and its mutants, including the interactions taking place inside the core. Here we show that a single mutation of one of phenylalanine's residues inside the protein's hydrophobic core results in a dramatic decrease in its thermal stability. The calculated unfolding Gibbs energy as well as the stabilization energy differences between a few core residues follows the same trend as the melting temperature of protein variants determined experimentally by microcalorimetry measurements. NMR spectroscopy experiments have shown that the only part of the protein affected by mutation is the reasonably rearranged hydrophobic core. It is hence concluded that stabilization energies, which are dominated by London dispersion, represent the main source of stability of this protein.
Nanosize Effect on High‐Rate Li‐Ion Intercalation in LiCoO2 Electrode.
Authors: Okubo Masashi , Hosono Eiji , Kim Jedeok , Enomoto Masaya , Kojima Norimichi , Kudo Tetsuichi , Zhou Haoshen , Honma Itaru
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Compositional Effects in Ru, Pd, Pt, and Rh‐Doped Mesoporous Tantalum Oxide Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis.
Authors: Yue Chaoyang , Qiu Longhui , Trudeau Michel , Antonelli David
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Structure of CsTi5Te8: Relation to the TlV5S8, TlCr3S5, and Similar Channel Structures.
Authors: Gray Danielle L. , Ibers James A.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Electrochemical Alternative Approach to the Cyclization of Alkynes Bearing Proximate Malonyl Moieties.
Authors: Arcadi Antonio , Inesi Achille , Marinelli Fabio , Rossi Leucio , Verdecchia Mirella
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Zinc(II) Perchlorate Hexahydrate Catalyzed Opening of Epoxide Ring by Amines: Applications to Synthesis of (RS)/(R)‐Propranolols (XIV) and (RS)/(R)/(S)‐Naftopidils (XVI).
Authors: Shivani Shivani , Pujala Brahmam , Chakraborti Asit K.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Macroporous Polystyrene‐Supported IBX Amide: The Improved Oxidative Properties in Various Solvents.
Authors: Jang Hyung‐Seok , Chung Woo‐Jae , Lee Yoon‐Sik
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Tandem Cross‐Metathesis/Wittig Olefination: Generation of Conjugated Dienoic Esters from Terminal Olefins.
Authors: Murelli Ryan P. , Snapper Marc L.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective, Cyclopentene‐Forming Annulations via NHC‐Catalyzed Benzoin—Oxy‐Cope Reactions.
Authors: Chiang Pei‐Chen , Kaeobamrung Juthanat , Bode Jeffrey W.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Barbier Reactions of 2‐Bromomethylcyclohexenone.
Authors: Manchanayakage Renuka , Handy Scott T.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Tropic Acid Ethyl Ester and Its Derivatives.
Authors: Atuu Mary Rose , Hossain M. Mahmun
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction Involving a Secondary sp3 Carbon: Studies of Stereochemistry and Scope of the Reaction.
Authors: Rodriguez Nuria , Ramirez de Arellano Carmen , Asensio Gregorio , Medio‐Simon Mercedes
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the New pseudo‐Symmetrical Tamoxifen Derivatives and Their Antitumor Activity.
Authors: Shiina Isamu , Sano Yoshiyuki , Nakata Kenya , Kikuchi Takaaki , Sasaki Akane , Ikekita Masahiko , Hasome Yoshimune
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bioactive 2‐Oxazolines: A New Approach via One‐Pot, Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Fan Lijun , Lobkovsky Emil , Ganem Bruce
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and anti‐HIV Activity of New Benzenesulfonamides Bearing 2,5‐Disubstituted‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole Moiety.
Authors: Zareef Muhammad , Iqbal Rashid , Al‐Masoudi Najim A. , Zaidi Javid H. , Arfan Muhammad
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols and Phenols Using the Synergistic Catalyst System, Copper(II) Chloride‐Acetic Acid.
Authors: Wang Min , Song Zhi‐Guo , Jiang Heng , Gong Hong
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ionic Liquid Promoted Palladium‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Cyclocarbonylation of o‐Iodoanilines and Allenes to Form Methylene‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐quinolin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Ye Fangguo , Alper Howard
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2‐Bromomethyl‐4‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydrofuro[3,2‐c]quinoline and Some Its Transformations.
Authors: Avetisyan A. A. , Aleksanyan I. L. , Sargsyan K. S.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of [1,3]Thiazolo[5,4‐b]pyridine‐2‐carboxamides.
Authors: Yarovenko V. N. , Polushina A. V. , Zavarzin I. V. , Krayushkin M. M. , Kotovskaya S. K. , Charushin V. N.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thienooxazolopyrimidinium Salts. Reaction of 1‐Bromomethyl‐5‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9‐octahydro[1]benzothieno [3,2‐e][1,3]oxazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐11‐ium Bromide with Oxygen‐Centered Nucleophiles.
Authors: Khripak S. M. , Slivka Mikhail V. , Slivka Marina V. , Lendel V. G.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of New Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives by Three‐Component Condensation of 5‐Acetyl‐4‐aminopyrimidines, Cyclohexane‐1,3‐diones, and Orthocarboxylic Acid Esters.
Authors: Komkov A. V. , Prezent M. A. , Ignatenko A. V. , Yakovlev I. P. , Dorokhov V. A.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Near‐Infrared Fluorescent 2,3‐Dicyanopyrazines.
Authors: Matsui Masaki , Maehashi Takaya , Funabiki Kazumasa
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Enantioselective and Diastereoselective Cycloaddition of Cyclopropanes with Nitrones and Its Application in the Kinetic Resolution of 2‐Substituted Cyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylates.
Authors: Kang Yan‐Biao , Sun Xiu‐Li , Tang Yong
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Fused Triazinium Systems from (Alkoxycarbonyl)azinium N‐Aminides.
Authors: Valenciano Jesus , Sanchez‐Pavon Esmeralda , Cuadro Ana N. , Alvarez‐Builla Julio , Vaquero Juan J.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Parallel Synthesis and SAR Study of Novel Oxa‐Steroids as Potent and Selective Progesterone Receptor Antagonists.
Authors: Kang Fu‐An , et al. et al.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unique Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris.
Authors: Cai Xiang‐Hai , Du Zhi‐Zhi , Luo Xiao‐Dong
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluoroanalogues of anti‐Cytomegalovirus Agent Cyclopropavir: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of (E)‐ and (Z)‐9‐{[2,2‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)‐3‐fluorocyclopropylidene] methyl}‐adenines and Guanines.
Authors: Zhou Shaoman , Zemlicka Jiri , Kern Earl R. , Drach John C.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Racemic Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of 4′(α)‐Hydroxymethyl and 6′(α)‐Methyl Substituted Apiosyl Nucleosides.
Authors: Kim Aihong , Hong Joon Hee
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Symbiodinolide, a Novel Polyol Macrolide that Activates N‐Type Ca2+ Channel, from the Symbiotic Marine Dinoflagellate Symbiodinium sp.
Authors: Kita Masaki , Ohishi Nao , Konishi Kaori , Kondo Mikiko , Koyama Tomoyuki , Kitamura Makoto , Yamada Kaoru , Uemura Daisuke
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Amidine Analogues of Melphalan: Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, and DNA Binding Properties.
Authors: Bielawska Anna , Bielawski Krzysztof , Anchim Tomasz
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Benzo‐1,4‐quinones Substituted with Carbon Having One Bond to Heteroatom
Authors: Balci M. , Gultekin M. S. , Celik M.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organic Transformations over Silica Materials Modified by Covalently Bonded Surface Functional Groups
Authors: Molnar Arpad , Rac Bulcsu
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Azide—Alkyne Cycloaddition: Reactivity and Applications
Authors: Wu Peng , Fokin Valery V.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heterogeneous Catalysis Applied to α‐Arylation of Ketones: A New Approach to Diarylbenzofurans
Authors: Churruca Fatima , SanMartin Raul , Tellitu Imanol , Dominguez Esther
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Charge‐Transfer Adducts and Related Compounds
Authors: Lippolis Vito , Isaia Francesco
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Designing Small Molecules for Biodegradability
Authors: Boething R. S. , Sommer Elizabeth , DiFiore David
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heme and Virulence: How Bacterial Pathogens Regulate, Transport and Utilize Heme
Authors: Wilks Angela , Burkhard Kimberly A.
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
From Genes to Metalloproteins: A Bioinformatic Approach
Authors: Bertini Ivano , Rosato Antonio
Published: August 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Practical Route to Synthesize 3,4‐O‐Isopropylidene‐2‐azidophytosphingosine from D‐Galactose
Authors: Ding Ning , Liu Yun‐Peng , Wu Guo‐Kai , Li Ying‐Xia
Published: August 2007

An efficient and practical route to synthesize (2S,3S,4R)‐2‐azido‐3,4‐O‐isopropyllidene‐1,3,4‐octadecanetriol from D‐galactose in 18% overall yield was described, which required ten steps of reactions and only four times column chromatography purification.
Interaction of Co(II) with Bovine Serum Albumin under UV C Irradiation
Authors: Zhang He‐Dong , Zhang Hai‐Rong , Yu Qing , Liang Hong , Ni Shou‐Hai
Published: August 2007

The interaction of Co(II) with BSA under UV C (253.7 nm) irradiation under physiological conditions has been studied by UV‐vis spectrum, ultraviolet second‐derivative spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrum. The quenching rate constant kq and the association constant Ka were calculated according to Stern‐Volmer equation based on the quenching of the fluorescence of BSA by Co(II).
Conformation ofα,α,α′‐Trisubstituted Cyclododecanone
Authors: Wang Ming‐An , Zhang Ning , Lu Hui‐Zhe , Wang Dao‐Quan
Published: August 2007

Tenα,α,α′‐trisubstituted cyclododecanones were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, infrared,1H NMR and13C NMR spectra, and X‐ray diffraction. NMR data could not give conformational information clearly, but some of their ring skeleton conformations of cyclododecanone moiety were showed to remain the unchanged [3333]‐2‐one conformation with little distortion, while the others were changed to the [3324]‐2‐one conformation in their crystal structures. These are consistent with the results of molecular mechanics calculation with Sybyl 6.9 software and Tripos force field, and semi‐empirical quantum calculation with AM1 method in Gaussian 98 software. Two geminal substituting groups are located atα‐corner carbon atom, and the third group is atα‐side‐exocarbon atom in both conformations. Both [3333]‐2‐one and [3324]‐2‐one conformations are present in a dynamic equilibrium in the solution, but only one preferred conformation exists in the crystal solid.
Static magnetic fields enhance skeletal muscle differentiation in vitro by improving myoblast alignment
Authors: Coletti Dario , Teodori Laura , Albertini Maria C. , Rocchi Marco , Pristerà Alessandro , Fini Massimo , Molinaro Mario , Adamo Sergio
Published: August 2007

Static magnetic field (SMF) interacts with mammal skeletal muscle; however, SMF effects on skeletal muscle cells are poorly investigated. The myogenic cell line L6, an in vitro model of muscle development, was used to investigate the effect of a 80 ± mT SMF generated by a custom‐made magnet. SMF promoted myogenic cell differentiation and hypertrophy, i.e., increased accumulation of actin and myosin and formation of large multinucleated myotubes. The elevated number of nuclei per myotube was derived from increased cell fusion efficiency, with no changes in cell proliferation upon SMF exposure. No alterations in myogenin expression, a modulator of myogenesis, occurred upon SMF exposure. SMF induced cells to align in parallel bundles, an orientation conserved throughout differentiation. SMF stimulated formation of actin stress‐fiber like structures. SMF rescued muscle differentiation in the presence of TNF, a muscle differentiation inhibitor. We believe this is the first report showing that SMF promotes myogenic differentiation and cell alignment, in the absence of any invasive manipulation. SMF‐enhanced parallel orientation of myotubes is relevant to tissue engineering of a highly organized tissue such as skeletal muscle. SMF rescue of muscle differentiation in the presence of TNF may have important therapeutic implications. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Social indicators of sustainable progress for higher education
Authors: Link Terry
Published: August 2007

A core element of sustainability is improving the welfare of humankind. This chapter examines the development of social indicators that can help institutions monitor and demonstrate progress in their social performance.
Environmental regulation and modelling of cassava canopy conductance under drying root‐zone soil water
Authors: Oguntunde Philip G. , Alatise Michael O.
Published: August 2007

Sap flow was measured, with Granier‐type sensors, in a crop of field‐grown water‐stressed cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ghana, West Africa. The main objective of this study was to examine the environmental control of canopy conductance (gc) with a view to modelling the stomatal control of water transport under water‐stressed condition. Weather variables measured concurrently with sap flow were: air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (u) and solar radiation (Rs). Relationship between canopy conductance (gc) and vapour pressure deficit (Dε) was curvilinear while no specific pattern was observed with Rs. Average diurnal gc decreased from 3.0 ± 0.6 to 0.7 ± 0.4 mm s−1 between 0730 and 2000 h local time ( = GMT) each day. A Jarvis‐type model, based on a set of environmental control functions, was parameterized for the cassava crop in this study. Model results demonstrated that gc was estimated with a high degree of accuracy based on Rs, Ta, and Dε (r2 = 0.92;F = 809.2;P < 0.0001). Dε explained about 90% (F = 2129.7;P < 0.0001) of the variations observed in gc, whereas both Rs and Ta contributed about 2% of the explained variance in gc. The aerodynamic conductance (ga) was very high compared to gc, leading to a daily average ratio ga/gc > 100 and a decoupling factor < 0.1. Cross‐validation analysis revealed a consistent good performance (r2 > 0.85) of the gc model with Dε as the only independent environmental variable. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Benefits of promulgating higher resolution wind data for airline route planning
Authors: Lunnon R. W. , Mirza A. K.
Published: August 2007

A study has been undertaken to determine whether there are useable incremental benefits from providing upper air wind data at high horizontal resolution to the process of airline flight planning. Currently winds are provided on a horizontal resolution of approximately 140 km. The study looked at resolutions varying between 160 and 40 km. A theoretical calculation was undertaken using published variance power spectra, which quantify the wind variability as a function of horizontal scale. This calculation also used a published formula for the time saving in flying across an area of constant vorticity. The results of the theoretical calculation were expressed in terms of the time saving on a transatlantic flight lasting typically 8 h stemming from a resolution change from 160 to 80 km. In this case the answer was well under one second. It is thought that such a small incremental benefit could not be used to justify the practical steps needed to exploit high resolution data. The more practical part of the study involved running an optimum routes diagnosis package with variable resolution input data. Input data at resolutions of 160 and 40 km were considered. Although this approach was only applied to a restricted number of cases and routes, it confirmed the theoretical result. © Crown Copyright 2007. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Sample size influence on boron trifluoride‐methanol procedure for preparing fatty acid methyl esters
Authors: Solomon H. L. , Hubbard W. D. , Prosser A. R. , Sheppard A. J.
Published: August 2007

Sample size influences the yields of methyl esters of fatty acids by the boron trifluoride‐methanol method. A study of the method revealed that best recoveries are obtained by using a minimum of 350 mg of lipid extract to prepare the methyl esters.
Induction of endoreduplication by a JNK inhibitor SP600125 in human lung carcinoma A 549 cells
Authors: Miyamoto‐Yamasaki Yumi , Yamasaki Masao , Tachibana Hirofumi , Yamada Koji
Published: August 2007

The effect of the pan c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 on the proliferation of human lung carcinoma A549 cells has been evaluated. We have shown that SP600125 completely inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells, the cycle arrest being in G2/M phase. When cells were treated with SP600125 for >12 h, a cell population with DNA content of 4n to 8n was detected. Moreover, the effect of SP600125 on the expression of cell cycle related proteins was an upregulation of p53 protein accompanied by an increase in its molecular mass. Prolonged SP600125 treatment downregulated p21, Bax and Mdm2 expression, but increased the level of the cellular p53–Mdm2 complex. Taken together, we show that SP600125 could induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and endoreduplication in a p21 independent manner, and that SP600125 could also post‐translationally modify p53 to modify its function. Our data show that basic JNK activity plays an important role in the progression of the cell cycle at G2/M cell phase.
A hypothesis on the identification of the editing enzyme in plant organelles
Authors: Salone Véronique , Rüdinger Mareike , Polsakiewicz Monika , Hoffmann Beate , Groth-Malonek Milena , Szurek Boris , Small Ian , Knoop Volker , Lurin Claire
Published: August 2007

RNA editing in plant organelles is an enigmatic process leading to conversion of cytidines into uridines. Editing specificity is determined by proteins; both those known so far are pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. The enzyme catalysing RNA editing in plants is still totally unknown. We propose that the DYW domain found in many higher plant PPR proteins is the missing catalytic domain. This hypothesis is based on two compelling observations: (i) the DYW domain contains invariant residues that match the active site of cytidine deaminases; (ii) the phylogenetic distribution of the DYW domain is strictly correlated with RNA editing.
The RhoA transcriptional program in pre‐T cells
Authors: Mullin M. , Lightfoot K. , Clarke R. , Miller M. , Lahesmaa R. , Cantrell D.
Published: August 2007

The GTPase RhoA is essential for the development of pre‐T cells in the thymus. To investigate the mechanisms used by RhoA to control thymocyte development we have used Affymetrix gene profiling to identify RhoA regulated genes in T cell progenitors. The data show that RhoA plays a specific and essential role in pre‐T cells because it is required for the expression of transcription factors of the Egr‐1 and AP‐1 families that have critical functions in thymocyte development. Loss of RhoA function in T cell progenitors causes a developmental block that pheno‐copies the consequence of losing pre‐TCR expression in Recombinase gene 2 (Rag2) null mice. Transcriptional profiling reveals both common and unique gene targets for RhoA and the pre‐TCR indicating that RhoA participates in the pre‐TCR induced transcriptional program but also mediates pre‐TCR independent gene transcription.
Differential sialylation regulates the apoptotic activity of glycodelin A
Authors: Poornima B. Lakshmanamurthy , Karande Anjali A.
Published: August 2007

Glycodelin A (GdA), a dimeric lipocalin, expressed by the uterine endometrium, is an immunomodulatory agent and induces apoptosis in T‐cells. In this study we demonstrate that two populations of GdA with subtle differences in their net ionic charge are present in the amniotic fluid and that, apoptotic activity is exhibited only by the population with more sialic acid residues. Significantly, removal of sialic acid residues from the active populations of GdA abrogates the activity of the molecule, suggesting that the extent of sialylation might be a factor regulating the activity of GdA.