bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Jicama Probiotic Yoghurt (Pachyrhizus erosus) on Blood Glucose in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Yuniritha Eva , Avelia Annisa , . Andrafikar
Published: December 2019

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease population increases every year. DM was ranked sixth as the cause of death. About 1.3 million people died because of diabetes and 4% died before the age of 70 years. DM auto-oxidation causes glucose to increase reactive oxygen compounds. One of the DM management is a complementary therapy using a functional food ingredient, namely, jicama and probiotics. Probiotics and jicama contain active compounds in the form of inulin and BAL and are able to control blood glucose levels. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of jicama probiotic yogurt on blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental with pre–post-test control group, using a sample of DDY strain mice according to the criteria. Samples were given treatment probiotic yogurt and jicama probiotic yogurt 2 ml for seven days in the treatment group and one group of non-treated controls. The mean obtained were analyzed by dependent t-test, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA test. Result and Conclusion: The results showed that there was a decrease in blood glucose levels in the probiotic yogurt group amounting to 296.62 mg/dL and jicama probiotic yogurt of 337.57 mg/dL, while the control group increased by 43.57 mg/dL. Results: One way ANOVA test showed jicama probiotic yogurt more effectively decreases blood glucose levels than the probiotic yogurt (p = 0.00). Jicama probiotic yogurt can be used as an alternative complementary therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus.
The Effect of Bore Loi on the Comfort of the Body in the Concept of Pine Lining in the Bima Community
Authors: . Sukmawati , . Aniharyati , Widarti Luluk
Published: December 2019

Bore Loi is a kind of herb known to the people of Bima, and is a heritage from ancient times. Bore Loi is an herb that is made as a ”scrub” which is applied (bore) to the entire body, and let it dry for 16 hours and cleaned the next day with a warm bath. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Bore loi (Spice Body Scrub) on the comfort of the freshness of the body of the Bima community in Bolo Village RT 11 RW 03 Madapangga District Bima, this study used the ”One Group Pretest-Posttest Design” method, the researchers tested the changes occurred after an experiment or an intervention. In this study a Wilcoxon test statistic test with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was used. Observation 1 respondent as many as 39 people stated uncomfortable after the bore loi action, the second observation experienced a change in which of the 39 respondents 28 people still felt uncomfortable and 11 people felt comfortable. Then a third observation was taken for 28 respondents and the results obtained where of the 28 respondents who did the re-observation there were 24 people felt comfortable and 4 people still felt uncomfortable, this was due to several factors such as age, and physical activity. Wilcoxon Test statistical test results, where from the test results obtained P value = 0.000 <0.05 with a confidence level of 95%. This means that Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted by the influence of bore loi (LulurRempah).
Factors That Influence New Principal’s Transition Actions and Decisions in Colleges of Education, Ghana
Authors: Aggrey-Fynn Caroline
Published: January 2020

This study was to investigate the factors that influence new college of education principals during transition. The study employed descriptive research design and data was collected from ten respondents from public colleges in Ghana. The findings showed that actions and decisions of the principals during their transitions were influenced by four categories of factors which were: internal factors, internal individuals, external factors and external individuals. However, the actions and decisions were influenced more by internal and external factors and individuals rather than the principals’ personal beliefs and philosophies. Practically, the findings of the study opens up the decision influencing factors in transition and serves as a guide for college leaders and other school leaders in transition. The study recommended that new principals should pay attention to internal and external factors and individuals as they set transition goals, priorities and actions to help align interests and reduce resistance to any change situation that may result from the transition.
Comparative Study of Property Destruction Crime Case Study: Iranian and British Law
Authors: Eskandari Fatemeh
Published: January 2020

Destruction of property means the deliberate destruction or incomplete destruction of material property belonging to others, which is punishable by law. In Islamic law, according to the rule of loss, the sentence is punishable by indemnity (civil liability), and the act of damaging another's punishment is punishable by damaging the property of another. In the criminal law of Iran, the crime in addition to the common elements of all crimes has its own specific elements, not only in the Islamic Penal Code, but also in the various laws and regulations that the legislator has prescribed to prevent the deliberate loss of some property. , There is .

In British law, the Criminal Destruction Act of 1971 also includes one major offense, one misdemeanor offense, and two minor offenses. To another, without legal excuse.

Conduct of destruction shall be subject to the above provisions if it is to occur in a material positive manner and shall be subject to criminal offenses such as property, documents, buildings and antiquities, including matters prohibited by law to the It explicitly provided that the said offense shall not only have the property not to be committed by the offender, but shall result in the loss or defective operation of the offense, causing the owner to have a material loss, otherwise due to the consequence of the offense, The offender's offenses do not have a criminal character, so as soon as the causal relationship between the offender and the outcome (loss) is realized, He is a convicted felon, no matter what the offender used, but the use of certain means intensifies his punishment.

In British law, the possibility of a crime of destruction by the act of abandonment is accepted. In British law, like Iran, property must belong to another, but in one case, the destruction of one's own property is also considered a crime, and in the UK the use of some means of destruction will increase the punishment.

The psychological element of the crime of property destruction is intentional, except in specific cases, and it is necessary that the specific, general nature of the offense and the dispossession of the property belong separately to the other. Finally, the commencement of the crime if it does not fall under the heading of other criminal offenses is not a crime and cannot be pursued.

In the United Kingdom the psychological element of criminal damage in English law is direct or indirect or objective negligence defined by the House of Lords. The punishment for the offense also varies for each individual case.
Challenges, Reforms and Developments in the Indian Insurance Sector
Authors: Ahmed Dr. Ashfaque , Akmal Dr Syed Mohammad , Alhafufi Mr. Murtadha , Faisal Dr Syed Mohammad , Khan Dr Ahmad Khalid
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The objective of this descriptive paper is to elaborate and examine how an insurance sector in India is budding at a rapid rate all through years after the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA).

Approach: IRDA is an act that came into existence in 1999, intending to protect and shield the interests of all policyholders in India. It additionally contributes to commercial development and work. In the post advancement period, it has opened to the private players. With numerous players in the business, the insurance administrative and improvement expert accompanied inventive and helpful rules for the two items and administrations. Innovation and speculation learning was the way to progress in the insurance sector.

Methodology: The theme of this paper is descriptive, and researchers used an in-depth analysis of the growth and development of the Indian insurance sector.

Findings:   The results based on secondary data as well as various reports authenticated by IRDA witnesses that not just it is difficult to change over from conventional to unit connected items, yet besides, it is a test to keep the productivity. Client inclination, hardened rivalry, and administrative control are real difficulties for this area of insurance in India. Numerous enterprises are entering in the Life and General insurance sectors in India. This paper examines the difficulties that the insurance business is looking in India.

Research Limitations/Implications: Results could have been more accurate to study the growth and development of an insurance sector in India if some time series data analysis done. Hence this contributes significant research limitations and leaves further scope for research in this sector.

Originality/ Value: The entire study is based on a thorough analysis of various authenticated reports from financial institutions duly regulated and governed by IRDA.
Vietnamese Language Teaching For International Students in Vietnam Through Cultural Tourism Activities
Authors: Anh Lưu Tuấn
Published: January 2020

At the present, there are many researches on Vietnamese language teaching methods for international students. However, the study on the organization of cultural tourism activities for international students as a visual teaching Vietnamese method is almost rare. This article approachs the Vietnamese language teaching for international students in Vietnam through cultural tourism activities not from the perspective of teaching language or linguistics but from the interdisciplinary research perspective. Therefore, the article has certain practical and scientific values ​​contributing to the system of studies on teaching Vietnamese for international students in Vietnam. The article’s content emphasizes the cultural messenger role of Vietnamese language teachers who directly teach and guide tours for international students in their interactions with learners. At the same time, the article also develops a process for the application of cultural tourism activities in Vietnamese language teaching to international students. The research methods used in the article include method of system-structuralism, observation method, material analysis method and interdisciplinary research approach. They will be appropriately and flexibly applied in the article to clarify the points that the topic mention.
Legal Protection of Conventional Bank as Mandatory Convertible Bond Holder
Authors: Sutikno Franciska Mifanyira
Published: December 2019

Bank as legal entity has legal right to do Investment to the another party by several investment instrument in Stock Market, Money Market or another agreement. Mandatory Convertible Bond is one of Investment Instrument which has hybird characteristic of Debt and Equity based on the Central Bank Regulatio and International Mandatory Convertible Bond concept leads to the double legal standing to the Bank as the holder. The Objective of this research is to analyze the usage of  Mandatory Convertible Bonds and the protection of Bank as its holder. The result of the research are Mandatory Convertible Bond used as equity participation through debt mechanism and the protection of Bank provided by Prospectus and Trust Agreement.
Irsyadul Murid Hisab Of The Beginning Islamic Lunar Month On Digital Falak Web-Based
Authors: Ashidiqi Iqnaul Umam
Published: December 2019

Abstract:The development of astronomy in determining the beginning of the Islamic lunar month has occurred so rapidly, along with the sophistication of technology that makes it easy for users to get information. The digital falak web-based application was made by Ahmad TholhahMa'ruf an astronomy scholar from Islamic boarding school who presented the astronomy books. This web- based application displayed data and calculations in several books of astronomy inclusion including IrsyadulMuridbook. The research method used was qualitative with descriptive approach. The type of data used was library research. The results showed that the algorithm used in the early reckoning of Islamic lunar inIrsyadulMuridbook based on the digital falak web was different toIrsyadulMuridbook. The results of calculating the book IrsyadulMuridwith the digital falak web of celibacy were inappropriate which was done manually within the last 3 years making the results different. So, it could be concluded that the digital Falak web was inaccurate if it was used for rukyat data. Evaluation was necessarily needed, thus hisab(astronomical calculation) result in digital falak web-based would be equivalent to hisab in IrsyadulMuridbook. Keywords:digital falak web,Islamic lunar month,IrsyadulMurid.
Al-Bukhary Intellectul Genealogy: Tracing The Authority of An Hadith and Fiqh
Authors: Hasyim Muh. Fathoni
Published: December 2019

Abstract: This article aims to reveal the authority of al-Bukhary as intellectul figures who have independence in dul scientific authority. He is often assumed as an expert of hadith only. In fact, as a collector of hadiths, he studied those hadiths deeper as a source of law which produced ijtihad products that are different compared to the predecessors. Therefore, some people argue that he is not only an expert of hadith but also a mujtahid (fiqh expert). In this context, it is interesting to explore the intellectul genealogy of al-Bukhary. The findings of this study prove that he succeeded in occupying a high position as an expert of both hadith and fiqh by interacting with many scholars from various regions. This interaction form his intellect which worthy of being called the absolute mujtahid. Al-Bukhary succeeded in exploring fiqh thoughts based on his extensive and deep mastery of hadiths. Through his ijtihad products, al-Bukhary had built a dynamic and authoritative tradition of Islamic intellectul treasure. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap otoritas al-Bukhary sebagai tokoh intelektual yang memiliki independensi dalam otoritas ilmiah. Ia sering dianggap sebagai ahli hadis saja. Bahkan, sebagai pengumpul hadis, ia mempelajari hadits-hadits tersebut sebagai sumber hukum yang menghasilkan produk ijtihad yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan para pendahulunya. Oleh karena itu, beberapa orang berpendapat bahwa ia bukan hanya ahli hadits tetapi juga seorang mujtahid (ahli fiqh). Dalam konteks ini, menarik untuk mengeksplorasi silsilah al-Bukhary yang intelek. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ia memiliki otoritas independen sebagai ahli hadits dan fiqh. Otoritas tersebut merupakan hasil interaksi dengan banyak ulama dari berbagai wilayah. Interaksi guru-murid dalam upaya kodifikasi hadis ini membentuk kecerdasannya yang layak disebut mujtahid mutlak. Al-Bukhary berhasil mengeksplorasi pemikiran fiqh berdasarkan penguasaan haditsnya yang luas dan mendalam. Melalui produk ijtihadnya, al-Bukhary telah membangun tradisi yang dinamis dan otoritatif dari khazanah intelektual Islam.
The contemporary woman in family life and pro-fessional work – selected problems from the sociological and pedagogical perspective
Authors: Nowak Beata Maria , Wyleżałek Joanna
Published: January 2020

The article reviews the research and critical analysis of the status of women in social (family and professional) life, referring to the theoretical concepts dominating in social sciences in recent decades. One of the important problems of the contemporary society seems to be the still culturally conditioned, unequal access of women and men to socially valued goals, which is exemplified by scientific careers of women, the specificity of which is presented in the final part of the article.
Female directors of contemporary Polish theater and cinema (selected examples)
Authors: Zimnica-Kuzioła Emilia , Wejbert-Wąsiewicz Ewelina
Published: January 2020

The issue of artistic careers is rarely tackled by Polish sociologists. The article is an analysis of the work of selected contemporary Polish female film and theater directors. The present study exploits secondary sources (monographs and scientific studies, press and internet publications, interviews with directors) and primary sources: interviews with creators of Polish drama theaters conducted as part of the authors’ own research. Women in Polish theater and film are slowly breakingthe glass ceiling and they are taking their rightful place in the pantheon of artists who have a lot to say about our difficult modern times. Polish directors are true individuals however they raise important social problems. Their creativity is not feminist. They have their own signature style and their sex is of secondary importance.
Description of Knowledge and Attitude of Prospective Hajj Pilgrims KBIH Mandiri 2019 in Malang City About Hypertension
Authors: Riskiyah Riskiyah
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is one of the diseases that can cause people’s death and it usually does not give any symptoms. Hypertension often occurs to the pilgrims. Knowledge and proper attitudes about hypertension of prospective pilgrims from Indonesia, especially in Malang city (East Java), are expected to reduce morbidity and mortality rates because they can manage their illness, properly. The purpose of this study is to describe the level of hypertension-related knowledge and attitudes of prospective pilgrims from KBHI 2019. The method used in this study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. 48 participants have participated in this study. They are the 2019 pilgrims from Indonesia. The results showed that 18 people (38%) had good knowledge about hypertension, 17 people (35%) are intermediately educated and 13 people (27 %) are lack of knowledge. Furthermore, this study has indicated that 25 people (52%) have positive attitudes and 23 people (48%) have negative attitudes about hypertension. This study concluded that in the majority, the 2019 prospective pilgrims from Malang have good knowledge and acceptable attitudes about hypertension.

Keywords: Hajj pilgrims, hypertension, knowledge, attitude

 
Determination of Trichomonas vaginalis Positivity and Risk Factors in Patients with Urogenital Complaints
Authors: ERBİL Nülüfer , KARAMAN Ulku , BENLİ Erdal , KESKİN Deha Denizhan , ÇIRAKOĞLU Abullah , GÜRGÖR Pınar , ÇOLAK Cemil
Published: December 2019

Objective: In this study, the incidence and prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis was aimed to help to overcome the difficulties in explaining the data for the regions and it was aimed to investigate its prevalence in different social groups in Ordu and its environs.
Methods: Trichomonas Questionnaire Form and Personal Information Form of T. vaginalis were used in those who came to the urology and gynecology outpatient clinics from Ordu province and its environs. Urine sediment from the patients of urology outpatient clinic and vaginal smear specimen from the patients of gynecology outpatient clinic were collected and analyzed. All samples were examined by Direct Microscopic Investigation, culture, Giemsa and Papanikolau (PAPS) stain. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way and two-way chi-square test.
Results: In this study, 713 patients (202 males and 511 females) were examined. A total of 83 patients (11.6%) were positive. There was a difference in the frequency distribution of the individuals with positive T. vaginalis with respect to age, gender, marital status, economic status, educational status, settlement, working status and home living status, knowledge status about infectious diseases, going to the bath, going to the pool, traveling, type of toilet, use of toilet paper, discharge, discharge status, drug usage, abortion, and knowledge status about sexually transmitted diseases and T. vaginalis (p <0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that marital status, economic status, education level, settlement, working status and travel frequency may be effective in transmission of parasite. In this respect, it was inferred that the transmission of T. vaginalis can be reduced with in-service and public health trainings on the parasite transmission and the ways of prevention
The Effect of Calcium Hydroxide and File Sızes on the Accuracy of the Electronic Apex Locator in Simulated Immature Teeth
Authors: AYRANCİ Leyla , ÇETİNKAYA Ahmet , ÖZKAN Serkan
Published: December 2019

Objective: The aim of this research was to appreciate the
effects of different file sizes and the presence of calcium hydroxide on the
correctness of the electronic apex locator (EAL) at simulated immature teeth.

Methods: In this study, 30 maxillary central teeth were used
beforehand extracted due to periodontal reasons. The actual root canal length
determined with K-File and measured behind 0.5mm from the apex. In order to
simulate an immature tooth, the apical of roots were prepared with a diameter
of 1,4mm Gates-Glidden drills and K-Files. Working lengths of samples were
measured using the Root ZX by 110-140 K-Files. Each measurement was repeated
three times and averaged. Then all the samples were filled with calcium
hydroxide medicament and working lengths were determined by the same method.
Statistical analysis was performed using the Two-way ANOVA.

Results: The measurements were closer to the actual root
canal length as the diameter of the file increased at the presence and absence
of calcium hydroxide. However, there was a difference between the presence and
absence of calcium hydroxide in the determination of root canal length.

Conclusions: In these experimental study conditions, it was
concluded that the presence of calcium hydroxide in simulated immature teeth and
file size affect the EAL.
Parliamentary Rights Scrutiny and Counter-Terrorism Lawmaking in Australia
Authors: Moulds Sarah
Published: December 2019

This paper evaluates the impact of pre and post-enactment scrutiny of Australia’s counter-terrorism laws enacted from 2001 until 2018.  Parliamentary scrutiny of rights-engaging laws is particularly critical in the Australian content, as Australia relies on a parliamentary model of rights protection at the federal level. The evaluation framework employed in this Paper considers a range of evidence to provide a holistic account of the impact of legislative scrutiny on the content, development and implementation of Australia’s counter-terrorism laws.  This includes consideration of the legislative impact of scrutiny on the content of the law, the role scrutiny plays in the public and parliamentary debate on the law, as well as the hidden impact scrutiny, may be having on policy development and legislative drafting.  The results are surprising.  This study finds that parliamentary rights scrutiny, particularly by parliamentary committees, has had a rights-enhancing (although rarely rights-remedying) impact on the counter-terrorism laws.  Further, this research finds that the hidden or behind-the-scenes impact of parliamentary scrutiny provides a particularly fertile ground for improving the rights-protecting capacity of the Australian legislative scrutiny system. These findings and the evaluation framework employed in this Paper have application and benefits for other jurisdictions seeking to understand and improve the quality of their legislative scrutiny regimes.
The Long March in the New Era: Conquering Implementation Gaps between Chinese Municipal Law and the International Human Rights Law on Non-Discrimination
Authors: Peng Qinxuan
Published: December 2019

China has entered a New Era with an aspiration to safeguard human rights through law. However, implementation gaps are found when comparing the current Chinese domestic laws on non-discrimination with the requirements set by international human rights treaties and international labour standards on eliminating discrimination in the labour market. This article illustrates how rural migrant workers are an underprivileged group in Chinese society, emphasising the inferior treatment they experience due to their agricultural hukou residential status in urban areas. The study identifies several implementation gaps between the international standards and the Chinese domestic legal system on non-discrimination, serving as the very first step to eradicate de facto and de jure discrimination and to achieve Legal Protection of Human Rights in the New Era.
Urgensi Bermain Sebagai Stimulasi Perkembangan Otak dan Solusi Mengatasi Kekerasan (Child Abuse) dalam Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak
Authors: Djuwita Warni
Published: January 2020

Usia emas, usia stimulasi fungsi otak. otak tumbuh sangat pesat mencapai 70-8% diawal kehidupan anak, bayi 3 bulan ojtaknya telah membentuk koneksi yang jumlahnya 2 kali orang dewasa sekitar 1000 triliun melalui berbagai aktivitas visual, auditori, sensori dan motori Neurobiologis perkembangan otak dipicu oleh stimulasi dan pengalaman-pengalaman baru1 Silberg cara terbaik untuk mengembangkan jaringan hubungan pada otak anak kecil adalah dengan memberinya apa yang dibutuhkan, yakni suatu lingkungan yang menarik untuk dijelajahi, yang aman, dipenuhi dengan orang-orang yang merespons kebutuhan emosional maupun intellektualnya, yakni melalui program bermain2.

Musfiroh Tadkiroatun Stimulasi lingkungan ibarat pahatan yang bekerja membentuk sel-sel otak sehingga otak dapat berkembang dengan baik. Stimulasi yang menyenangkan, yang memberikan keleluasaan anakuntuk bereksplorasi melalui kegiatan menyanyi, menari, melukis, atau kegiatan bermain lainnya ( Erikson, 1990, dalam Gutama. 2003)3. dalam bermain ada penyaluran bagi energi emosional yang terpendam, bermain merupakan sarana bagi anak untuk menyalurkan ketegangan atau traumatik (kekerasan) yang disebabkan oleh pembatasan lingkungan terhadap prilaku mereka. Melalui program bermain, solusi untuk menetralisir, memori bawah sadar anak, untuk tidak menjadi catatan-catatan buruk (child abuse) yang terbawa hingga dewasanya dalam agamapun bergerak dan bermain itu tersirat dalam Sabda Rosulillah Saw " keringat anak kecil menambah kecerdasannya diwaktu dewasa" ( HR. AT-Tarmidzi)
Eksistensi Wanita Pemecah Batu Antara Peran Gender dan Adaptasi Ekonomi Rumah Tangga
Authors: I. Oryza Pneumatica
Published: January 2020

Pada masyarakatyangmenganut sistem patriarkis, fungsiekonomis keluarga diperankan oleh suami sebagai kepala rumah tangga, sedangkan, eksistensi diri seorang wanita identik dengan pekerjaan domestik dalam rumah tangga.Desakan kebutuhan ekonomi menjadi tantangan nyata yang harus disikapi oleh keluarga termasuk mendorong peran wanita untuk turut membantu fungsi ekonomi rumah tangga.Ketika wanita bekerja di luar rumah, khususnya sebagai pemecah batu maka terdapat pergeseran peran dan fungsi yang tentunya melekat pada pemahaman wanita tersebut sebagai bagian dari eksistensi diri. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yakni ingin mengetahui bagaimana eksistensi diri yang dipahami oleh wanita pemecah batu dalam fungsi dan peran gender di dalam rumah tangga, dan bagaimana eksistensi diri yang dipahami oleh wanita pemecah batu dalam fungsi dan peran komplementer ekonomi rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teoritis eksistensi Jean Paul Sartre.Pendekatan penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Eksistensi diri yang dipahami oleh wanita pemecah batu dalam fungsi dan peran gender di dalam rumah tangga adalah sebagai manifestasi perluasan fungsi-fungsi peran gender yang tidak saja terkonsentrasi pada peran konvensional mengatur penghasilan saja, namun disertai upaya-upaya untuk turut membantu peran ekonomi suami. Selain itu, eksistensi diri yang dipahami wanita pemecah batu dalam aktivitas ekonominya sebagai wujud pengabdian terhadap keluarga dengan turut meringankan beban suami serta melengkapi peran suami. Sedangkan Eksistensi diri yang dipahami oleh wanita pemecah batu dalam fungsi dan peran komplementer ekonomi rumah tangga yakni pertama sebagai manifestasi kontribusi istri dalam upaya menambah penghasilan keluarga dengan memanfaatkan waktu disela-sela peran sebagai ibu rumah tangga dengan cara yang produktif. Kedua Eksistensi kemandirian istri yang tidak semata bergantung kepada penghasilan suami dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga.
PELAKSANAAN DIVERSI PADA SISTEM PERADILAN ANAK
Authors: Darmini Darmini
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan diversi dalam restoratif justice pada Sistem Peradilan Pidanak Anak. Penulisan memakai metode jenis penelitian hukum normatif (normative legal research), yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan atas pasal-pasal aturan hukum untuk menentukan asas-asas hukum, mengetahui sinkronisasi vertikal / horizontal, mengetahui aspek sejarah hukum dan mengetahui perbandingan antara sistem-sistem hukum. Tujuan secara umum penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsep ide diversi yang digagas oleh pemerintah melalui badan legislatif yang dituangkan dalam berbagai produk hukum khusus menyangkut perlindungan hukum bagi pelaku anak yang bermasalah dengan hukum dalam terlibat konflik hukum. Tujuan secara khusus penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti penuangan ide-ide diversi dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, sebagai dasar dan acuan penegak hukum dalam proses peradilan bagi anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum. Ide adalah gagasan, pemikiran tentang suatu objek atau fenomena, sehingga ide diversi dalam hal ini adalah gagasan, pemikiran tentang diversi. Diversi bukanlah sebuah upaya damai antara anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum dengan korban atau keluarganya akan tetapi sebuah bentuk pemidanaan terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum dengan cara nonformal. Aparat penegak hukum dalam melaksanakan tugasnya, baik penyidikan, penuntutan, pemeriksaan, dan penentuan putusan perkara pada sidang pengadilan hendaknya mengutamakan penerapan diversi sebagai salah satu alternatif dari penerapan pidana penjara. Perlu dilakukan sosialisasi secara masif mengenai diversi kepada masyarakat.
Performance and Robustness Analysis of Model Predictive Controller (MPC) and Proportional Integral Derivative Control (PID) of an Autonomous Vehicle for Lane Keeping Maneuvers
Authors: Samuel Moveh
Published: January 2020

Motivated by Autonomous vehicle idea and driving safety issues, driver assistance system such as Active braking, Cruise Control, Lane departure warning lane keeping and etc. has become a very active research area. However, this paper presents the performance and robustness analysis of a model predictive control and proportional integral derivative control for lane keeping maneuvers of an autonomous vehicle using computer vision simulation studies. A simulation study was carried out where a vehicle model based on single tracked bicycle model was developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment together with a vision dynamic system. Both PID controller and MPC were simulated to maintain the desired reference trajectory of the vehicle by controlling steering angle. Further performance and robustness analysis were carried out and the simulation results show that the proposed control system for the PID control achieved its objective even though it was less robust in maintaining its performance under various conditions like vehicle load change, different longitudinal speed and different cornering stiffness. While in the case of MPC the optimizer made sure that the predicted future trajectory of the vehicle output tracks the desired reference trajectory and was more robust in maintaining its performance under same conditions as in PID.
O professor como decisor curricular: de ortodoxo a cosmopolita
Authors: Morgado José Carlos
Published: January 2020

Partindo da mudança de paradigma social com que nos confrontámos recentemente, refletimos acerca do seu impacto em termos educativos, incidindo especificamente nos papéis desempenhados pelos professores em sucessivos cenários de mudança. Esse exercício permitiu- -nos constatar que, no domínio da decisão curricular, o papel dos professores se foi alterando em função das exigências que em cada momento se colocavam à escola e que os obrigaram a evoluir de uma postura sintonizada com uma determinada ortodoxia curricular para uma posição mais cosmopolita, isto é, mais consentânea com a reforma do seu pensamento e com a capacidade de romper com rotinas instaladas e que condicionam a inevitável mudança das suas práticas.
Repensar o Currículo como Emancipador
Authors: Sousa Jesus Maria
Published: January 2020

Se é certo que os estudos curriculares tiveram o condão de, a partir da análise crítica, chamar a atenção para os conhecimentos veiculados pelo currículo, acusando-o de indutor de desigualdades sociais, também é certo que tal facto nos deixou a nós, estudiosos do currículo, num impasse relativamente à função da escola, trazendo à discussão o tipo de conhecimento que ela deve valorizar: um conhecimento experiencial, de senso comum, circunscrito às mundividências dos alunos, ou um conhecimento mais académico e especializado, mesmo que rotulado de elitista. Esta questão ganha maior significado num contexto de educação de massas, uma vez que a ortodoxia curricular entra em choque com a diversidade cultural, sendo por isso apresentada como castradora na construção de muitas outras identidades pessoais e sociais. Mas num mundo cada vez mais globalizado e altamente competitivo, de mudança acelerada a todos os níveis sob a batuta das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, não poderá o currículo ser efetivamente um instrumento de emancipação?
De Slutwalk A Marcha das Vadias: o Imperativo dos Feminismos em Natal (RN)
Authors: Porto Rozeli , Galvão Fabiana Damasceno
Published: January 2020

Esse artigo apresenta o contexto da “Marcha das Vadias da cidade de Natal”, Rio Grande do Norte, entre os anos de 2011 e 2015. Tem por objetivo descrever como se configuram os campos políticos que atuam sobre a Marcha, dando visibilidade aos feminismos locais atuantes nessa cidade e no Estado. Das estruturas simbólicas que perpassam sua execução e legitimidade, estas envolvem ações de sujeitas e sujeitos políticos, imersos em correntes ideológicas, sindicais, queer e dos feminismos do Brasil. A metodologia utilizada reflete sobre a Slutwalk e as premissas que envolvem sua construção, ou seja, pensar os campos políticos e educativos que atuam sobre ela localmente a partir de diferentes performatividades e discursos, por meio da coleta de materiais divulgados na internet, blogs, redes sociais e artigos jornalísticos. Por fim, procura-se encontrar na literatura feminista, categorias analíticas e empíricas que elucidem o cenário desses eventos e arranjos sociais que envolvem a Marcha das Vadias de Natal.
Sobre Desafios da Formação de Estudantes e Profissionais da Educação Básica em Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Welter Tânia
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar e discutir alguns impactos da formação em gênero e sexualidade entre estudantes e profissionais da educação participantes de programas de iniciação e formação continuada oferecidos pelo governo brasileiro através de universidades públicas entre 2010 e 2014. As instituições educacionais são espaços para socialização e produção do conhecimento por excelência, ao mesmo tempo em que promovem o encontro com as diferenças culturais, religiosas, sexuais, de classe social, de cor de pele e de gênero. São espaços contraditórios pois, ao mesmo tempo que reproduzem hierarquias, assimetrias, promovem ou compactuam com violências, silenciam e insistem em modelos normativos, são espaços para experimentações, transgressões, questionamentos, propostas, promoção de medidas visando o enfrentamento das violências e valorização da diversidade. É sobre essas contradições e impactos que nos debruçamos neste trabalho, tendo como foco projetos pioneiros de formação de estudantes e profissionais da educação básica no Brasil.
A Prediction Study on the Localization Policy of Improving the Satisfaction of Chinese Visitors to Japan by Using Matrix Factorization Techniques
Authors: Zhang Kaile , Watanabe Kenji , Aoyama Tomomi
Published: December 2019

Against the background of the rapid growth of Chinese tourists to Japan, by observing the changes in the patterns of Chinese visitors to Japan and probing into the insufficiency of researches in the past studies, it is believed that online travel reviews can be used to present the current situation of tourism industry and be of value to provide the basic data for long-term sustainable research after analysis, including how to increase Chinese tourists’ satisfaction continuously and how to promote the service level of related industries. In this study, the unknown information caused by the cultural and regional differences in the reviews of Chinese visitors’ to Japan is taken as the prediction object and the local tourists’ travel comments as a reference group. Then, the factor decomposition technology and text mining technology are applied to predict the standards of services and projects that can meet the characteristics and demands of Chinese tourists. The comments of Chinese and Japanese tourists who stayed at hotels in the Hakone scenic area from May 2018 to April 2019 (time span: one year) are taken as the samples in this study. Thus, the disparity in the purpose of travel between Chinese tourists and Japanese local tourists in this scenic spot can be effectively displayed. Besides, it also clearly points out that due to a lack of understanding of Japanese food culture, Chinese visitors were in urgent need of relevant services and assistance. Therefore, this method will provide guidance for the growth of the local tourism industry and also demonstrate the feasibility of research methods. In the end, a complete analysis and calculation method for online comment text mining is established, which also provides guidance on improving the satisfaction of Chinese visitors to Japan. Besides, this method can also be considered to apply in more tourists with the same cultural background.
Multiobjective Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for Solving Nonlinear Constrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Liu Chun-an , Jia Huamin
Published: December 2019

Nonlinear constrained optimization problem (NCOP) has been arisen in a diverse range of sciences such as portfolio, economic management, airspace engineering and intelligence system etc. In this paper, a new multiobjective imperialist competitive algorithm for solving NCOP is proposed. First, we review some existing excellent algorithms for solving NOCP; then, the nonlinear constrained optimization problem is transformed into a biobjective optimization problem. Second, in order to improve the diversity of evolution country swarm, and help the evolution country swarm to approach or land into the feasible region of the search space, three kinds of different methods of colony moving toward their relevant imperialist are given. Thirdly, the new operator for exchanging position of the imperialist and colony is given similar as a recombination operator in genetic algorithm to enrich the exploration and exploitation abilities of the proposed algorithm. Fourth, a local search method is also presented in order to accelerate the convergence speed. At last, the new approach is tested on thirteen well-known NP-hard nonlinear constrained optimization functions, and the experiment evidences suggest that the proposed method is robust, efficient, and generic when solving nonlinear constrained optimization problem. Compared with some other state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed algorithm has remarkable advantages in terms of the best, mean, and worst objective function value and the standard deviations.
Homophily Exclusion or Homophily Preference? The Influence of the Executive Identity of Nonexecutive Directors on the Focal Firm Executive Pay and Ordinary Employee Pay
Authors: Fang Shuai
Published: December 2019

The occupational identity of nonexecutive directors exerts a considerable influence on their way of designing and distributing executive pay as well as ordinary employee pay in the focal firm. Integrating the status characteristics theory into the corporate governance literature, I theorize that status contest effect comes into play in the process of setting executive pay in the focal firm, specifically when its nonexecutive directors serve as executives on stakeholders. More often than not, such executive identity triggers the status competition with focal firm executives, which motivates nonexecutive directors to reduce the focal firm executive pay so as to secure and aggrandize their own status within the focal firm. However, since ordinary employees pose no threat to nonexecutive directors in the focal firm, they tend to increase ordinary employee pay. Basing upon the empirical test which adopts the data of China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed firms, I find that the greater the focal firm’s nonexecutive director ratio, the less will be the top executives’ pay in the focal firm; the greater the focal firm’s nonexecutive director ratio, the greater will be ordinary employees’ pay in the focal firm; the greater the focal firm’s nonexecutive director ratio, the smaller will be the pay gap between top executives and ordinary employees in the focal firm. In addition, I also find that ownership power and gender can moderate the relationship between nonexecutive director ratio and executive pay: top executive ownership can alleviate the negative relationship between focal firm’s nonexecutive directors and top executives’ pay; female nonexecutive directors are more likely to increase focal firm’s ordinary employee pay than their male counterparts.
Indirect Tax Burden of Regional Residents: Study on Long Term MRIO Model
Authors: Xi Wei , Nie Yingqin , Cheng Xiran
Published: December 2019

Investigating the indirect tax burden of residents is an important way of understanding the effect of tax on income distribution and the tax burden transfer. In this paper, a long term MRIO model is constructed by using the regional input-output tables in China. We simulate the flow of value-added tax, consumption tax and business tax in different departments of 30 provinces (except Tibet) in mainland China from the perspective of rows in the IO table, we obtain the real burden of three indirect taxes on urban residents, and discuss the transfer of tax burden among regions. The conclusions are as follows: There are large differences in tax burden among regions. The real tax burden shifted from the eastern region to the middle and the western regions. Indirect tax aggravates the income inequality of urban residents in different regions. The indirect tax in China has a certain degree of regression. Based on the empirical analysis, we think the government should make the following policy changes: 1) Giving more consideration to the consumption terminals; 2) Adjusting preferential policies of regional taxation; 3) Increasing the amount of preferential policies for the western region.
General Method of Building a Real-Time Optimization Policy for Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Xiong Hao , Yan Huili
Published: December 2019

Currently, most of the policies for the dynamic demand vehicle routing problem are based on the traditional method for static problems as there is no general method for constructing a real-time optimization policy for the case of dynamic demand. Here, a new approach based on a combination of the rules from the static sub-problem to building real-time optimization policy is proposed. Real-time optimization policy is dividing the dynamic problem into a series of static sub-problems along the time axis and then solving the static ones. The static sub-problems’ transformation and solution rules include: Division rule, batch rule, objective rule, action rule and algorithm rule, and so on. Different combinations of these rules may constitute a variety of real-time optimization policy. According to this general method, two new policies called flexible G/G/m and flexible D/G/m were developed. The competitive analysis and the simulation results of these two policies proved that both are improvements upon the best existing policy.
Morphological Characterization of Leaf and Flower of Local Sweet Potato [Ipomea batatas L.] From Agam and Solok District, West Sumatra Province
Authors: Sumilah Sumilah , Devy Nirmala F. , Hardiyanto Hardiyanto
Published: January 2020

The diversity of sweet potatoes from Agam and Solok District of West Sumatra is known to be very high, it causes somedifficulties in taxonomic research. The diversity analysis based on the leaf and flower morphology has not done before in local sweet potato from Agam and Solok District. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of local varieties of sweet potato from West Sumatra based on leaves and flowers morphological characters. The analysis was conducted on 21 accessions collected from West Sumatra regencies and germplasm collection. The Morphological characterization was done based on CIP/AVRDC/IBPGR descriptor list. The data of morphological character was analyzed using Primary Component Analysis (PCA) and grouping analysis using Cluster Analysis through SAHN method on NTSys program, with UPGMA as similarities criteria. The results showed that the first four principal components contributed 89.6% to the plant diversity. The sweet potatoes were divided into 2 clusters, with the main distinguishing character was the existence of plant flowers. Information on genetic diversity and the pattern of relations between accessions will be very useful for the West Sumatra people in developing superior sweet potatoes.
Length of Hospital Stay Is Associated with a Decline in Activities of Daily Living in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kamitani Tsukasa , Fukuma Shingo , Shimizu Sayaka , Akizawa Tadao , Fukuhara Shunichi
Published: January 2020

Background The impact of length of hospital stay on activities of daily living (ADLs) has not specifically been investigated among dialysis patients. Therefore, we attempt to verify the association between the length of hospital stay and the decline in ADLs among hemodialysis patients. Methods This prospective cohort study used data from the Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (J-DOPPS). We included 2,442 hemodialysis patients aged ³ 40 years from the J-DOPPS phase V (2012–2015) and subsequently excluded those who had already lost basic activities of daily living (BADLs) as demonstrated by dependency in at least three of the five BADLs at baseline and for whom changes in ADLs had been evaluated for less than 90 days. The main exposure was the cumulative length of hospital stay during the follow-up period. The primary outcomes were a decline in at least one of the five BADLs and eight instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). We compared risk ratios (RRs) for 30-day increments for hospital stays with 10-year increments for age and having diabetes. Results A total of 849 patients were included in the statistical analysis. The cumulative length of hospital stay was significantly associated with a risk of decline in ADLs (adjusted RRs [95% confidence intervals] per 30-day increments: 1.42 [1.15 to 1.75] for BADLs, 1.38 [1.13 to 1.68] for IADLs). The adjusted RRs [95% CI] for 10-year increments in age were 1.20 [0.96 to 1.50] and 1.21 [1.00 to 1.47]. The adjusted RRs [95% CI] for having diabetes were 1.36 [0.97 to 1.91] for BADLs and 1.38 [1.04 to 1.84] for IADLs. Conclusion The impact of a 30-day increment in the cumulative length of hospital stay on the decline in ADLs was comparable to that of a 10-year increase in age and having diabetes.