bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Keteladanan Pahlawan Nasional
Authors: Setianto Yudi
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAKArtikel yang berupa gagasan dengan judul “Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Keteladanan Pahlawan Nasional, berawal dari temuan di lapangan, bahwa pembelajaran sejarah bersifat kognitif-oriented , kurang memperhatikan makna didaktis dan afektif. Artikel ini berusaha menemukan solusi agar terjadi perubahan paradigma dalam menyusun dan mengembangkan materi  sejarah. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-analitik.Pengembangan karakter siswa sebenarnya dapat efektif dengan materi sejarah. Pengintegrasian pendidikan karakter dalam materi sejarah dapat dilakukan melalui keteladanan para Pahlawan Nasional. Para pahlawan tersebut telah teruji integritasnya, sehingga pemerintah memberi penghargaan yang tinggi terkait perjuangan, sikap, pemikiran, dan karakternya. Untuk itu, dalam mengembangkan karakter siswa dapat dilakukan melalui isnpirasi dari  pahlawan nasional.Kata Kunci: Materi Sejarah, Pendidikan Karakter, Pahlawan Nasional ABSTRACTAn article, which is an idea entitled “Character Education through a National Hero Role Model”,begins with a finding in the field, that a History learning tends to be cognitive-oriented as well as inattentive in didactic and affective meanings. This article tries to find out a solution in order that a change of paradigm in compiling and developing a History lesson happens. This process of writing uses qualitative descriptive analytic method.Developing students’ character actually can be effective with History lesson. The integration of character education in History lesson can be done by National Heroes role model. Those National Heroes have had proven integrity as a result the government handed award for their struggle, attitude, thoughts and character. For that reason, to develop the students’ character can be done through the inspiration from the national hero.Keywords: History Materials, Character Education, National Hero
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Program Literasi dalam Mewujudkan Kepedulian Pendidikan di Sidey Kabupaten Manokwari Papua Barat
Authors: Yusuf Irfan , Widyaningsih Sri Wahyu
Published: January 2020

Distrik Sidey Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat merupakan salah satu Kawasan Pedesaan Prioritas Nasional (KPPN). Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat yaitu pada umumnya berpendidikan rendah dan buta aksara serta memiliki pendapatan yang rendah. Kemampuan literasi dasar seperti membaca, menulis, dan menghitung (Calistung) masih sangat kurang dan tidak mampu memberikan pendidikan dan motivasi kepada anak-anak mereka untuk sekolah. Motivasi anak-anak untuk sekolah sangat kurang serta sebagian besar anak-anak usia sekolah belum menempuh pendidikan sekolah dasar. Upaya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu memberikan pemahaman akan pentingnya pendidikan. Kuliah Kerja Nyata Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (KKN-PPM) menjadi wadah dalam upaya pembinaan masyarakat melalui program-program pendidikan yang diadakan. Masyarakat diharapkan memiliki pemahaman yang baik tentang pentingnya pendidikan dan meningkatnya motivasi anak-anak untuk sekolah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pencapaian tujuan tersebut yaitu pendekatan persuasif dan gotong-royong dengan turut berbaur bersama masyarakat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan KKN PPM berupa sosialisasi pendidikan, pengajaran Calistung, pengadaan taman baca, nonton film tema pendidikan, dan kegiatan cerdas cermat. Kegiatan tersebut memberikan respon positif bagi masyarakat terhadap pentingnya pendidikan. Hasil analisis angket yang diberikan diperoleh bahwa sebagian masyarakat setuju terhadap pelaksanaan KKN PPM dan menyadari bahwa pendidikan sangat penting terutama bagi anak-anak usia sekolah untuk dapat terus melanjutkan pendidikannya ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran ABC Games Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas IV SDN Biro PaluPengaruh Model Pembelajaran ABC Games Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas IV SDN Biro Palu
Authors: Thalib Azizah , Shalehuddin Shalehuddin , Lagandesa Yun Ratna
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran ABC Games terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas IV SDN Biro Palu. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu quasi eksperimental design (eksperimen semu) bentuk nonequivalent control group design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Biro Palu. Sampel ini diklasifikasi ke dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok kelas eksperimen dan kelompok kelas kontrol. Teknik analisis data untuk menjawab hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan Uji-t. Hasil analisis uji-t menunjukan bahwa nilai sign. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,001 < 0,05. Hal ini berarti bahwa H­o yang berbunyi Model pembelajaran ABC Games berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa Kelas IV SDN Biro Palu dapat diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model pembelajaran ABC Games berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Artinya penggunakan model pembelajaran ABC dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tumbuhnya Minat Belajar Siswa Di SD Islam Athirah Makassar Kelas 4
Authors: Fatmayanti Andi , Susantri Tri
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This research aims to determine the factors that influence the growing interest in learning of students in Athira Makassar Islamic Elementary school in class 4.1. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive survey method. The population of the research was 74 fourth grade students of Athira Makassar Islamic Elementary school, consist of 4 classes, the sampling using simple random sampling technique, so that class 4.1 was chosen as a sample of 20 students. Data were analyzed using statistical data analysis technique which consisted of editing, data tabulated stages, then presented and then presented in table form and described descriptively. The result showed a percentage of learning method 14,41%, the geographical location of the school 12,56%, phisycal indikator 11,78%, learning models 11,74%, talent 9,18%, learning models 8,54%, indikator of needs 6,28%, social competence 5,97%, building indikator 5,77%, personality competence 5,43%, and pedagogic competence 5,30%. It was concluded that the learning method was the most influential factor in the growth of student`s interest in learning at Athira Makassar Islamic Elementary school grade 4.Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi tumbuhnya minat belajar siswa di SD Islam Athirah Makassar kelas 4.1. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei deskriptif.Populasi penelitian adalah keseluruhan siswa kelas 4 SD  Islam Athirah Baruga Makassar berjumlah 74 orang siswa yang terdiri dari empat kelas, penarikan sampel menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling, sehingga terpilih kelas 4.1 sebagai sampel yang berjumlah 20 orang siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data statistik yang terdiri dari tahap penyuntingan, input data, dan tahap tabulasi,selanjutnya dipersentasekan kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan dijabarkan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase metode pembelajaran 14,41%, letak geografis sekolah (12,56%), indikator fisik (11,78%), model pembelajaran (11,74%), bakat (9,18%), model pembelajaran (8,54%), indikator kebutuhan (6,28%), kompetensi sosial (5,97%), indikator bangunan (5,77%), kompetensi kepribadian (5,43%), dan kompetensi pedagogik (5,30%).Disimpulkan bahwa, metode pembelajaran adalah faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap tumbuhnya minat belajar siswa di SD Islam Athirah Makassar kelas 4.
PENGARUH PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMP/MTs Di KECAMATAN SUSUKAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Murwani Sri , Miyono Noor , Retnaningdyastuti Retnaningdyastuti
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengetahui pengaruh peran kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru, (2) mengetahui pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja guru, (3). mengetahui pengaruh peran kepala sekolah dan kepuasan kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru SMP/MTs se Kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang.Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMP/MTs se Kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang yang berjumlah 157 orang, sampel sebanyak 113 guru yang ditetapkan dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisa deskriptif, uji persyaratan, analisa regresi tunggal dan analisis regresi ganda menggunakan program SPSS for Windows versi 21.Temuan hasil penelitian di atas meliputi: (1) terdapat pengaruh positif peran kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan Y = 59,832 + 0,321 X1, kekuatan korelasi sebesar 0,348 dengan pengaruh sebesar 0,113 atau 11,3%, (2) terdapat pengaruh positif kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja guru yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan Y = 63,653 + 0,340 X2, kekuatan korelasi sebesar 0,371 dengan pengaruh sebesar 0,130 atau13%, serta (3) terdapat pengaruh positif peran kepala sekolah dan kepuasan kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan Y = 35,716 + 0,267 X1 + 0,291 X2, kekuatan korelasi X1 terhadap Y sebesar 0,348 dan X2 terhadap Y sebesar 0,371, dengan pengaruh sebesar 0,205 atau 20,5%.Berdasarkan temuan di atas disarankan agar: (1) kepala sekolah sebaiknya melakukan supervisi secara periodik untuk perbaikan kinerja guru, (2) kepala sekolah memberikan kesempatan guru untuk pengembangan diri atau promosi jabatan, (3) guru merancang pembelajaran dengan memperhatikan karakteristik peserta didik.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN IKLIM SEKOLAH TERHADAP PROFESIONALISME GURU SMP NEGERI DI RAYON 06 KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Mariana Ana , Muhdi Muhdi , Miyono Noor
Published: January 2020

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi kepala sekolah terhadap profesionalisme guru, (2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklim sekolah terhadap profesionalisme guru, (3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi kepala sekolah dan iklim sekolah secara bersama-sama terhadap profesionalisme guru SMP Negeri di Rayon 06 Kabupaten Semarang.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru SMP Negeri Rayon 06 Kabupaten Semarang sejumlah 133 orang. Sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Tehnik sampling yang digunakan adalah Teknik Proportional Random Sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunkan angket. Uji Validitas dan reliabilitas instrument, uji normalitas data, uji lienaritas data dan analisis data uji regresi tunggal dan regresi ganda menggunakan program SPSS for Window Release 21.            Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa uji prasyarat uji regresi dari data penelitian diperoleh data berdistribusi normal, linier dan tidak terjadi heteroskedastisitas. Hasil uji hipotesis ditemukan (1) terdapat pengaruh kompetensi kepala sekolah terhadap profesionalisme guru SMP Negeri di Rayon 06 Kabupaten Semarang sebesar 90,6% dengan persamaan regresi Y= 20,073 + 0,619X1;(2)Terdapat pengaruh iklim sekolah terhadap profesionalisme guru SMP Negeri di Rayon 06 Kabupaten Semarang sebesar 23,3% dengan persamaan Y= 23,044 + 0,647X2; (3) Terdapat pengaruh kompetensi kepala sekolah dan iklim sekolah secara bersama-sama terhadap profesionalisme guru SMP Negeri di Rayon 06 Kabupaten Semarang yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan Y = 19,650 + 0,617X1 + 0,117X2;kekuatan korelasi sebesar 0,952 dengan kontribusi sebesar 0,906 atau 90,6%.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN DALAM ICT DAN ETOS KERJA TERHADAP TPACK GURU SD DI KECAMATAN TENGARAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Ambaryati Ambaryati , Retnaningdyastuti Retnaningdyastuti , Roshayanti Fenny
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui pengaruh Keterampilan ICT terhadap TPACK guru, (2) mengetahui pengaruh Etos kerja terhadap TPACK guru, dan (3) mengetahui pengaruh Keterampilan ICT dan Etos kerja secara bersama - sama terhadap TPACK guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian ex-post facto dan penelitian asosiatif kausal dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru SD Negeri di Kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang yang berjumlah 320 guru dengan jumlah sampel 167 guru yang diambil dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda menggunakan SPSS for windows 21.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di SD Negeri di Kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang: (1) dari uji hipotesis ditemukan terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan ICT terhadap TPACK yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ = 175.522 + 0,411 X1;  kekuatan korelasi R sebesar 0.645. dengan kontribusi sebesar 0.587 atau 58,7%. (2) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan etos kerja terhadap TPACK yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ = 181.172 + 0.425X2;  kekuatan korelasi R sebesar 0.722. dengan kontribusi sebesar 0.639 atau 63,9%. (3) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan ICT dan etos kerja terhadap TPACK yang dinyatakan dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ = 29.753 + 0.564X1 + 0.588X2.;  kekuatan korelasi R sebesar 0.879. dengan kontribusi sebesar 0.569 atau 56,9%.
PERAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU SDN MUKIRAN 04 KECAMATAN KALIWUNGU KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Lestari Dewi , Abdullah Ghufron , Murniati Ngurah Ayu Nyoman
Published: January 2020

Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah peran manajerial kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu SDN Mukiran 04 Kecamatan Kaliwungu, Kabupaten Semarang. Dari hasil penelitian di lapangan dan analisis, dapat ditarik simpulan sebagai berikut:Kepala Sekolah, sebagai pimpinan dan manajer berhasil menyerasikan kultural dan sistemik secara berimbang saling mengisi dan saling menguatkan dalam penyelenggaraan sekolah. Keberhasilan tersebut selaras dengan peran manajerial Kepala Sekolah yang mencakup peran kepemimpinan yang terdiri dari lima tugas utama, yakni (1) Planning (perencanaan), (2) organizing (pengorganisasian), (3) commanding (perintah), (4) coordinating (pengkoordinasian), dan (5) controlling (pengawasan) menentukan mutu proses dan hasi kegiatan belajar dan mengajar di sekolah. Serta fungsi Kepala Sekolah sebagai manajer penyelenggaraan lembaga pendidikan yang mengelola rangkaian kegiatan yang terpadu dalam kegiatan-kegiatan penyelenggaraan sekolah per hari demi hari secara konsisten dan berkelanjutan yang mencakup enam (6) peran-fungsi manajerial, yakni (1) fungsi perencanaan, (2) fungsi pengorganisasian, (3) fungsi pengarahan, (4) fungsi pengkoordinasian, (5) Fungsi komunikasi, dan (6) fungsi pengawasan.Studi kasus (best practice) dari SDN Mukiran 04 Kaliwungu ini dapat menjadi cermin dan sumber belajar berharga bagi pihak sekolah umumnya, dan para kepala sekolah bahwa satu sekolah (pendidikan) sekalipun berada di perdesaan dalam situasi dukungan finansial dan sarana-prasarana yang minimum, tetap dapat diselenggarakan dengan baik dan bahkan tetap bisa berprestasi, sepanjang ada kemauan dan komitmen untuk berubah lebih baik.
Compensation for harm caused to life and health as a result of an accident
Authors: Kolesnichenko Ol'ga
Published: January 2020

In this scientific and practical manual, taking into account modern judicial practice, the problems of legal regulation of obligations related to harm to life and health in road accidents are disclosed, practical recommendations are given on the application of the current legislation and suggestions for its improvement. Designed for practicing lawyers and lawmakers, as well as citizens who independently apply to the judiciary and insurance companies in order to exercise and protect their rights.
Semi-presidential (mixed) republic: historical roots and problematic aspects of terminology (experience of French politico-legal science)
Authors: Slezhenkov Vladimir
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the elaboration and introduction into scientific parlance of the concept of a semi-presidential republic (mixed government) by French scientists. In the introductory part of the work, the author noted the socio-historical and political-legal prerequisites for the development of relevant ideas, associated primarily with the affirmation of the specific constitutional regime of the Fifth Republic in France. In the main part of the study, the author highlights the discussion aspects of the concept and essence of the form of government under consideration, as well as the history of the emergence and development of related terminology through the prism of analysis of the work of leading French legal scholars from the 50s - 70s of the 20th century. According to the results of the work, it's identified the problems associated with a modern understanding of the essence of the studied form of government are identified, as well as the possibilities of updating the considered historical and theoretical legal experience to overcome them.
The development of eSports as a reflection of the process of digitalization of modern society
Authors: Ponomarev Aleksandr , Usenkov Ivan
Published: January 2020

The article examines the legal, organizational and social aspects of the development of e-sports in Russia and the world through the prism of the digitalization of modern society. The scientific approaches to the definition of e-sports, as well as its place in the system of "classical" sports are analyzed. The models of legal regulation of computer sports in various states are investigated. The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project №18-78-10075)
DETERMINANTS OF CONCEPTUALITY IN LAW, LEGAL PRACTICE AND THEORY
Authors: Chuval'nikova Anna
Published: January 2020

In the context of the problem of increasing formalism of modern law, the article analyzes the conditions by which a formally defined by its nature law acquires a conceptual nature, that is, a certain set of content characteristics that give legal regulation meaning and set it a certain logic. The author substantiates the relationship between the conceptual and value system of legal consciousness, which allows us to identify as determinants of the conceptuality of law and other elements of the legal system of society semantic legal values.
Perceived Organizational Support-Betrayal: Measurement model in mexican workers
Authors: Martínez-Mejía Emmanuel , Martínez-Guerrero José Ignacio
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate the dimensionality of the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS) in Mexican population, in order to add evidence of construct validity of the results that are inferred from the instrument. The investigation was carried out in three phases. In the first Phase, participated 260 workers, with an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) two factors were identified, in which the main factor grouped Support items, and in the other factor items were found that theoretically can be classified as Perceived Organizational Betrayal. In the second Phase, participated 498 Mexican workers, through a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) a bifactorial theoretical measure of perceived Support-Betrayal was carried out. The adjustment of two measurement models was compared: the original one-dimension instrument, which presented no evidence of adjustment; while the two-dimensional measurement model did present an acceptable fit. In the third Phase, correlational analyzes were carried out with Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions that presented significant correlations. It is necessary to continue reviewing the original questionnaire under the complete theoretical model and continue to show evidence of the constructs that are to be measured, in order to have increasingly solid, valid, reliable and complete interpretations of the results of this approach of social exchange in the organizations
KEWENANGAN MENGADILI PENGADILAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DALAM PERKARA DIREKSI MELAWAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Widiastiani Nindry Sulistya
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisis Putusan Peninjauan Kembali Mahkamah Agung Nomor 521 PK/Pdt/2017, dalam perkara gugatan uang jasa pengabdian dan penghargaan oleh direksi melawan perusahaannya. Pada putusan peninjauan kembali, Mahkamah Agung berpendapat bahwa perkara ini merupakan yurisdiksi dari pengadilan hubungan industrial, bukan pengadilan negeri. Pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ialah mengenai apakah pengadilan hubungan industrial mempunyai yurisdiksi atas perkara a quo sebagaimana dikemukakan Mahkamah Agung. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif untuk menelaah prinsip-prinsip yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan secara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengadilan hubungan industrial tidak berwenang mengadili perkara ini. Direksi di perusahaan berkedudukan sebagai perwakilan pengusaha, bukan pekerja, sehingga perselisihan antara direksi dengan perusahaan bukanlah termasuk perselisihan hubungan industrial sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2004. Oleh karena itu, perkara ini adalah sengketa keperdataan biasa yang merupakan yurisdiksi dari pengadilan negeri.Kata kunci: kewenangan mengadili, direksi, pengadilan hubungan industrial, pengadilan negeri. ABSTRACT This research aims to analyze the Supreme Court's civil request Decision Number 521 PK/Pdt/2017, in the case of honorarium devotion lawsuit and reward of the directors against his company. In this decision, the Supreme Court believes that this case is in the jurisdiction of the industrial relations court, not in the district court. The main issue in this research is whether the industrial relations court has jurisdiction over the case as stated by the Supreme Court. This normative research is to examine deeply about the principles that relate to the problem. The author concludes that the industrial relations court theoretically has no jurisdiction to handle this case. In any companies, directors are the representatives, not their workers, so that the dispute between the company and its directors is not an industrial relations dispute as stipulated in Law Number 2 of 2004. Therefore, the case is just a regular civil law dispute under which the district court has jurisdiction. Keywords: jurisdiction, director, industrial relations court, district court.
PENGENAAN PIDANA DENDA YANG DAPAT DIKONVERSI DENGAN PIDANA KURUNGAN PADA PELAKU ANAK
Authors: Rusdiana Emmilia
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAKPutusan Nomor 29/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PN.Trg menjatuhkan pidana penjara dan denda, dengan ketentuan apabila tidak dibayar, diganti (konversi) dengan pidana kurungan dua bulan. Padahal Pasal 71 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak mensyaratkan pidana denda hanya dapat digantikan dengan pelatihan kerja. Permasalahannya adalah apakah sudah sesuai penjatuhan pidana denda yang dapat dikonversi dengan pidana kurungan dikaitkan dengan asas hukum pidana, asas, dan tujuan pemidanaan anak? Jenis penelitian adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian membuktikan pengenaan sanksi pada putusan hakim tidak sesuai dengan asas hukum pidana berupa legalitas, subsidiaritas, dan kesamaan. Putusan hakim juga tidak sesuai dengan asas pemidanaan anak terutama perampasan kemerdekaan dan pemidanaan sebagai upaya terakhir, asas penghindaran pembalasan serta asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Putusan ini juga menunjukkan adanya tujuan pemidanaan anak sebagai pembalasan daripada perbaikan, dan orientasi pada tujuan pemidanaan pada anak lebih dikedepankan daripada sanksi pidana itu sendiri. Jadi pelatihan kerja lebih tepat dijadikan pilihan daripada pidana kurungan.Kata kunci: konversi pidana; asas pemidanaan anak; tujuan pemidanaan anak. ABSTRACT Decision Number 29/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PN.Trg has impose a prison sentence and a fine, with the provisions that if it is unpaid, it will be substituted with a twomonth confinement sentence. Article 71 paragraphs (3) the Criminal Justice System for Children requires that the substitution of criminal fine should be job training. The question is to determine wether the conversion of criminal fines with confinement is already in accordance with the principles of law, policies, and the purpose of criminal punishment for children. This type of research is normative juridical. The results of the study need to show that the imposition of sanctions on judges’ decision is not following the principles of criminal law in the form of legality, subsidiarity, and equality. The court decision is not under the policy of child punishment, especially deprivation of liberty and conviction as a last resort, the principle of avoidance of retaliation, and the principle of the best interests of children. This decision also shows that the purpose of punishing children in revenge rather than reparation, and orientation towards the goal of criminalization of children is more prioritized than criminal sanction itself, so job training is best suited as a choice rather than confinement sanction. Keywords: criminal conversion; principle of child criminalization; purpose of child criminalization.
PROBLEM KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGELOLAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Sufriadi Sufriadi , Malian Sobirin
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAKMelalui Putusan Nomor 06/G/2015/PTUN-BNA, majelis hakim mengakui kewenangan kepada Bupati Aceh Tenggara untuk terlibat dalam pengelolaan Universitas Gunung Leuser. Padahal Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional membatasi pengelolaan perguruan tinggi hanya dapat dilakukan oleh pemerintah pusat dan masyarakat. Kajian ini berfokus pada dua hal: pertama, mengungkap konstruksi kewenangan Bupati Aceh Tenggara dalam pengelolaan Universitas Gunung Leuser berdasarkan putusan PTUN tersebut beserta masalahnya; kedua, menilai kesimpulan putusan tersebut mengenai kewenangan pemerintahan daerah dalam mengelola perguruan tinggi berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan. Kajian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, dengan pendekatan kasus dan perundang-undangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan adanya kekeliruan majelis hakim dalam memahami dan menerapkan Pasal 81 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Pendidikan Tinggi yang dijadikan sebagai dasar konstruksi kewenangan Bupati Aceh Tenggara dalam pengelolaan Universitas Gunung Leuser. Kesimpulan majelis hakim dalam putusan tersebut yang menyatakan pemerintah daerah berwenang dalam pengelolaan perguruan tinggi, bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan, khususnya Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, Undang- Undang Pendidikan Tinggi, dan Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah.Kata kunci: pengelolaan perguruan tinggi; kewenangan; pemerintahan daerah. ABSTRACT Through Decision Number 06/G/2015/PTUN-BNA, the panel of judges authorized the regent of the Southeast Aceh to be involved in the management of Gunung Leuser University although Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System says that management of universities is under the authority of central government and community. This study consist of two purposes. First, to disclose the legal construction of regent authority in managing Gunung Leuser University based on the administrative court decision and related problems. Second, to examine the conclusion of the court decision over the authority of Southeast Aceh local government in managing Gunung Leuser University based on national legislation. This study uses a normative research method, with case and legislation approach. It indicates that the panel of judges made an error in understanding and implementing Article 81 paragraph (1) of the Law on Higher Education as the legitimate basis for the authority of the regent. The conclusion indicated that the local government was authorized in managing Gunung Leuser University was also contradicted with some regulations, particularly Laws on National Education System, Higher Education, and the Local Governance. Keywords: management of higher-education; authority; local governance.
Dişbudak Ağacı (Fraxinus Excelsior) Yapraklarından Klorojenik Asit Ekstraksiyonunun Yüzey Yanıt Metadolojisi ile Optimizasyonu ve Toplam Fenolik İçeriklerinin Tayin Edilmesi
Authors: ATICI Yakup , BULDUK İbrahim
Published: January 2020

Bitkisel
kaynaklı besinlerin rengi, lezzeti ve dayanıklılığı üzerine etkili olan fenolik
maddeler, antioksidan özelliklerine bağlı olarak antikanserojen, ve
antimikrobiyal aktivite göstermeleri bakımından da insan sağlığı ile yakından
ilişkilidir. Fenolik maddelerden biri de klorojenik asittir. Bu çalışmada,
toplanan dişbudak ağacı yaprakları güneş almaksızın kurutulup sap kısmı ayrılıp
öğütüldü. Öğütülen kısımlar su ile ekstrakte edildi. Ekstraklar HPLC (Yüksek
basınçlı sıvı kromatografisi) kromatografik sistemde analiz edilerek, sonuçlar
ppm düzeyinde ifade edildi. Box-Behnken tasarımına dayalı Yüzey Yanıt
Yönteminin (RSM) kullanıldığı ultrasonik destekli ekstraksiyon ile Fraxinus Excelsior
yapraklarından klorojenik asit ekstraksiyonunun optimum koşulları belirlendi. Ektraksiyon
verimi üzerine etkin deneysel koşullar; ekstraksiyon süresi (15-45 dakika),
sıcaklık (30-700C), ultrason gücü (25-75%) olarak seçilmiştir. Bu
parametrelerin en iyi muhtemel kombinasyonları RSM ile elde edildi. Fraxinus Excelsior
yaprakları için optimum koşulların; ultrason gücünün %39,12, ekstraksiyon
süresinin 15,18 dakika, ekstraksiyon sıcaklığının 69,980C olduğu
belirlendi. Bu koşullarda maksimum klorojenik asit miktarı 11,70 ppm olarak
belirlendi. Ayrıca antioksidan aktivitelerini görmek amacıyla UV spektrometre
ile dişbudak ağacı yapraklarındaki toplam fenolik içerikleri ölçüldü. Öğütülmüş
yapraklar etanol ile ekstrakte edildi. Ölçüm için kör, standart ve numune olmak
üzere 3 tüp hazırlandı. Her bir numune kabından örnekler alınarak UV
spektrometrede 765 nm’de absorbans değerleri ölçüldü. Fraxinus Excelsior
yapraklarından toplam fenolik içeriğinin ölçülmesi için optimum koşulları
belirlendi.  Dişbudak yaprağı için
optimum koşullar; ultrason gücü %47,76, süre 29,69 dakika, etanol konsantrasyonu
%54,40 olarak belirlendi. Optimum koşullarda dişbudak yaprağındaki toplam
fenolik içeriği 40,74 ppm bulundu. Buna göre elde edilen bu sonuçlar klorojenik
asit etken bileşeninin ekstraksiyonu için ultrasonik destekli ekstraksiyonun (UAE)
etkili bir metot olabileceğini göstermiştir.
Advancing cancer treatment: A move towards individualized therapy
Authors: Bureyko Taylor F. , Murphy Rachel A.
Published: January 2020

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Carbohydrate conundrum: Why Canadians cannot fit into their skinny genes
Authors: Olver Dylan T. , Thomas Graeme W.
Published: January 2020

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The effectiveness of contrast bath to reduce joint pain in the elderly
Authors: Rusminingsih Esri , Agustina Nur Wulan , Wulan Dyah Ayu Nawang
Published: January 2020

Background: The aging process results in changes in the musculoskeletal system causing a decrease in function of joints, loss of elasticity and limited mobility. This condition also causes joint pain, especially in the joints supporting the body weight, namely the knee. The previous studies discussed the method of reducing pain using a contras bath which was implemented by soaking parts of the body that experience pain alternately with hot and cold water, this was difficult to apply if the pain occurs in the upper body. Modifications in contrast baths using compresses to the knee joint have never been implemented before.Objective: This study aimed to figure out the effect of the contras bath method using compresses to reduce knee joint pain in the elderly.Method: The design of this study was pre-experimental with one group of pretest-posttest. The sample used was 16 elderly who were selected by random sampling at Posyandu (a center for pre- and postnatal health care and information for elderly) in village of Sawit Gantiwarno, Klaten. Contrast bath is applied by giving compresses of warm and cold water alternately with a ratio of three minutes: one minute per-day during 20 minutes, for a week. Pain measurement is performed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) instrument.Result: The mean of knee pain before giving a contrast bath was 5.44, whereas after a contrast bath was 3.50. Bivariate analysis used Wilcoxon, it showed p value <0.05 which means there was a significant difference in knee joint pain before and after contrast baths were applied.Conclusion: Administration of contrast bath can reduce knee joint pain in the elderly.
Improving Quality Management - the Way Toward Economic Prosperity and Quality of Life
Authors: Nováková Renata , Šujanová Jana , Nováková Natália
Published: January 2020

The National Quality Programme of the Slovak Republic for 2017-2021 strongly emphasises the primary objectives and priorities of the Quality Improvement Strategy. This should be one of the main priorities of the Slovak Government in the upcoming period. The Quality Improvement Strategy should, in general, lead to an improvement in the quality of life. The aim of the paper is to point out the opportunities for improvement by applying indicators aimed at defining the excellence of organisations within the national economy of the Slovak Republic.
Escribiendo en los márgenes: las cartas de doña Ana Zurita Ochoa en Cuenca de las Indias, siglo XVII
Authors: Arteaga Auquilla María Teresa
Published: January 2020

Doña Ana Zurita Ochoa es una mujer española que hace su vida en Cuenca de las Indias en la primera mitad del siglo XVII. Pertenece a la élite étnica, social y económica por lo que ocupa un lugar “privilegiado” con relación a los indígenas, negros y mestizos que forman parte de la urbe. En su cotidianeidad, también se relaciona con sus iguales, hace negocios, convive y se defiende de sus afrentas. Sus cartas (manuscritos inéditos que reposan en el Archivo Nacional de Historia-Núcleo del Azuay) dirigidas a su esposo, don Salvador de Poveda, son el testimonio de su existencia. En estas, por medio de la escritura, doña Ana construye y proyecta imágenes de sí misma como madre, esposa, amante, y vecina de Cuenca dentro del contexto de la Audiencia quiteña. Escribe en y desde el margen del papel de la carta; de este modo, ocupa este espacio como una “treta” que reafirma su centralidad. Es decir, manifiesta su voz y se hace presente en la historia de las mujeres.
Resistencia y reivindicaciones de las mujeres en las guerras de independencia de Colombia: una aproximación a través de sus cartas y reclamaciones
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: January 2020

En el marco del bicentenario de la Independencia de Colombia, el presente artículo pretende mirar cómo las guerras de emancipación afectaron la vida de las mujeres anónimas y de extracción popular, tanto en su entorno social y económico como en sus relaciones sentimentales, todo esto visto desde el prisma de sus cartas. En últimas, estos escritos ofrecen pistas valiosas sobre sus facetas como madres, esposas, hijas y compañeras de lucha, además de su importancia como sostén de la familia en momentos críticos de escasez. Pero, principalmente, el mayor valor histórico que revelan estos documentos epistolares es que, aún en medio de las restricciones y las dificultades, algunas mujeres supieron aprovechar estos espacios de comunicación para exigir ante las autoridades especial consideración y mejores condiciones de vida no solo para ellas sino para su núcleo afectivo y familiar. Gracias a sus oportunos reclamos pudieron enviarse mensajes claros a los ostentadores del poder sobre la necesidad de establecer algunos límites y concesiones humanitarias en el fragor de la tensión política y militar.
Las mujeres recuerdan. Género y memoria sobre el exilio republicano en Francia (1939-1978)
Authors: Martinez Martinez Alba
Published: January 2020

En este artículo realizamos un recorrido por la memoria de cuatro mujeres refugiadas en Francia tras la guerra civil española, con el objetivo de ver qué y cómo recuerdan las mujeres su experiencia del exilio. Se intenta demostrar que los escritos femeninos, especialmente aquellos de mujeres que no tuvieron una gran proyección política y/o cultural, pueden desestabilizar y, a su vez, complejizar el relato hegemónico de lucha, militancia y heroísmo masculino que tradicionalmente ha caracterizado a este episodio de nuestra historia contemporánea. Pensamos que a través de sus narraciones las mujeres construyeron subjetividades diversas en torno a la experiencia del exilio, que el género marcó sus vivencias y ello ha tenido un correlato en las prácticas del recuerdo al potenciar temáticas y enfoques que permiten observar otra forma de entender y vivir el exilio, sin perder de vista la pluralidad los mismos.
STUDI KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA BIRO DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA PADA BIRO HUBUNGAN MASYARAKAT SEKRETARIAT DAERAH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Rahman Mohamad Aditya , Kusuma Aji Ratna , Resmawan Erwin
Published: January 2020

This study is aimed to describe, analyze and to interpret the Head of Leadership Study Bureau in Improving the Performance of State Civil Apparatus at the Public Relations Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of East Kalimantan Province. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data obtained is done by using in-depth interviews, observations, and supporting data/documentation, which are then analyzed using an interactive analysis model through the stage of data condensation, data presentation, conclusions. The results of the study show that the function of the innovator, the function of communicators, the function of the motivator, the function of the controller has not been maximizedKeywords: Leadership, Performance, Function, State Civil Apparatus.
Legal Protection of Go-Jek Driver That Experiences Damages Due To The Fictive Order In Go-Food Menu In Go-Jek Aplication
Authors: Hermawan Aditya , Susanti Erna , Hidayatullah Syukri
Published: January 2020

This research is proposed to answer two questions: Firstly, to find out the cause of fictitious orders experienced by Go-Jek drivers in the Go-food menu in Go-Jek app. Secondly, to know the legal protection of Go-Jek drivers who suffered losses due to a fictitious plane in the Go-food menu on the Go-Jek app. And the research is directed to educate the public the importance of Civil law which governs agreement in the life of society. This study uses socio-legal approach with a number of resource persons. The choice of approach to socio-legal does not mean disregarding doctrinal side support on the grounds that one of the aims of this study sees a set of positive norms in relation to Legal protection of Go-Jek drivers, including legal theory support with a view to verifying the implementation of law in practice (protection and responsible). This study concludes that, Transactions using Go-Jek access has so far caused legal consequences among others who is responsible for the losses experienced by drivers, whether the Go-Jek party is responsible for the losses experienced drivers, including what kind of legal protection obtained by the driver when suffering application losses by irresponsible consumers. The factors of the emergence of fictitious orders are the existence of competitions between the Go-Jek driver, Go-Jek verification system is still weak, and the existence of bad faith in someone. Partnership agreement between PT. Go-Jek and Go-Jek’s driver is a standard clause that created and provided without involving the Go-Jek drivers in which there is a clause of transfer of responsibility because of PT. Go-Jek as the Go-Jek application service manager will not be responsible if there is a loss caused by the use of Go-Jek application. The legal relations and responsibilities of the parties should be clearly stipulated in the partnership agreement between PT. Go-Jek Indonesia, and Partners are created based on mutual agreement and agreement between both parties. To minimize the losses experienced by Go-Jek drivers in service delivery for every use of consumer spending service must have a Go-Pay account, which expenditures can not be executed if the balance in the Go-Pay account is insufficient to make an expense transaction.
Analisa Promosi Penjualan dan Periklanan terhadap Hasil Penjualan Air Mineral
Authors: - Sumarsid , Paryanti Atik Budi
Published: January 2020

PT. Tirta Investama (Danone Group) is a company manufacturer of mineral
water with the AQUA brand. Because of the many companies that produce similar products i.e. mineral water then the competition happens to be very tight. To be able to compete in the market of mineral water PT. Tirta Investama did a promotional strategy including sales promotions and advertising for all products of mineral water  AQUA.  Based on the results of the analysis of the multiple correlation coefficient obtained correlation coefficient value of X1cost of sales promotions and X2  the cost of advertising is  0.976. Thus the cost of sales promotions and advertising fees have a very strong relationship and positive results against sales of mineral water AQUA packaging 600 milliliters PT. Tirta Investama.
Based on the results of the analysis of multiple linear regression can be
known that any increase in the cost of sales promotions per USD 1,-, it will result in an  increment amounting to Rp 0,952 sales results. Whereas an increase in the cost of advertising per Rp l-then increment will result in proceeds of $1,279,-thus it can be concluded that if companies do plan to add to the cost of advertising or promotional then the sales volume will increase.Based on the results of the analysis of the determining coefficient (KP) obtained registration = 0.952 or 95.2%. milliliter on means a percentage of the sales promotion costs and influence the cost of advertising against product sales results AQUA mineral water packaging 600 milliliteron PT. Tirta Investama amounted to 95.2% is affected by other factors that are not the meticulous writer. Calculation based on hypothesis test with t-test shows that the variable cost of  sales promotions, as well as variable costs partially influential advertising significantly to sales results. And based on the hypothesis test with test F it can be concluded  that  the cost of sales promotions and advertising costs simultaneously affect significantly  to sales of mineral water AQUA packaging 600 milliliters on
PT. Tirta Investama.
An investigation on the geomechanical properties of fiber reinforced cohesive soils
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Özgür Lütfi , DÜLGER CANOĞULLARI Fatma
Published: January 2020

In recent years, the use of natural and synthetic fibers in soil improvement has become widespread in soil mechanics applications. Easy to use and low cost fibers have been the subject of many geotechnical researches in recent years. In this study, results of previous mechanical experiments performed on fiber-cohesive soil mixtures were reviewed in a systematical approach. Based on the data derived from the experimental studies available in the literature, it has been observed that various soil properties including soil strength have improved with increasing density of the fibers up to a certain level. The percentage of added fiber has a significant effect on improving soil properties. Based on statistical analysis, simple correlation relationships were suggested based on the investigated test database.
Assessing the spatial accuracy of UAV-derived products based on variation of flight altitudes
Authors: AKAY Semih Sami , OZCAN Orkan , BALIK ŞANLI Füsun , BAYRAM Bülent , GÖRÜM Tolga
Published: January 2020

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), which can carry a variety of payloads, and be operated automatically or manually with ground control stations. Nowadays, UAVs can make photogrammetric flight plans and obtain photogrammetric data with existing sensor systems. Automatic data acquisition processes provide lower cost, and high spatial and temporal resolution images in a short period of time compared to other measurement methods. As a result, orthomosaics, dense point clouds and digital surface models (DSMs) are produced and these UAV-derived data are used in various disciplines such as constructions, geomatics, earth sciences, etc. In this study, the same flight plans were realized with an UAV at different altitudes and all aerial images were obtained with the same integrated digital camera. As a result of the processing of images acquired from different altitudes, orthomosaics, DSMs and point cloud were produced. In this study, it is aimed to compare the length, areal and volumetric differences of a small geostationary object. Ground control points (GCPs), which were collected by RTK-GPS (Real-Time Kinematic) in conjunction with the flight integrated into data production process in order to highly accurate product. Ultimately, cross-correlation has been done with the produced data and the terrestrial measurement. Results show that the dimension of the object depend on the flight altitude as expected, however the volumetric changes vary due to the uncertainties in the raw point cloud data.
The Childish Insult: An Unfinished Essay Discussing Children's Oppression
Authors: Ahmann Alexander
Published: January 2020

Contemporary society tends to call silly, poorly thought out, and even evil behavior "childish." But does labeling bad things as "childish" have negative consequences for children? Does labeling bad things as "childish" reflect a systemic or even systematic oppression of children? In this essay, the author explores these questions and related ideas.
A New Standard Area Diagram Set for Assessment of Severity of Soybean Rust Improves Accuracy of Estimates and Optimizes Resource Use
Authors: Del Ponte Emerson Medeiros , Alves Kaique Santos
Published: January 2020

Soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is the most important yield- damaging fungal disease of soybean due to severe reduction in healthy leaf area and acceleration of leaf fall. In experimental research, SBR severity is estimated visually aided/trained by a standard area diagram (SAD) developed and validated during the mid- 2000s (Old SAD). In this study, we propose a new SAD set for SBR with six true-colour diagrams following linear increments (c.15% increments) amended with four additional diagrams at low (<10%) severities, totaling 10 diagrams (0.2%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 25%, 40%, 55%, 70%, and 84%). For evaluation, 37 raters were split into two groups. Each assessed severity in a 50-image sample (0.25% to 84%), first unaided and then using either the Old SAD or the New SAD. Accuracy, precision, and reliability of estimates improved significantly relative to unaided estimates only when aided by the New SAD (accuracy >0.95). Low precision (<0.78) and a trend of underestimation with an increase in severity were the main issues with the Old SAD, which did not differ from unaided estimates. Simulation to evaluate the impact of the errors by different methods on hypothesis tests, showed that the new SAD was more powerful for detecting the smallest difference in mean control (e.g., 70% vs. 65% disease reduction) than the Old SAD; the latter required a 2-fold increase in sample size to achieve the same power. There is a need to improve some SADs, taking advantage of new knowledge and technology to increase accuracy of the estimates, and to optimize both resource use efficiency and management decisions.
Conventional Data Science Techniques to Bioinformatics and Utilizing a Grid Computing Approach to Computational Medicine
Authors: Kamal Andrew
Published: January 2020

Conventional data visualization software have greatly improved the efficiency of the mining and visualization of biomedical data. However, when one applies a grid computing approach the efficiency and complexity of such visualization allows for a hypothetical increase in research opportunities. This paper will present data visualization examples presented in conventional networks, then go into higher details about more complex techniques related to leveraging parallel processing architecture. Part of these complex techniques include the attempt to build a basic general adversarial network (GAN) in order to increase the statistical pool of biomedical data for analysis as well as an introduction to the project utilizing the decentralized-internet SDK. This paper is meant to show you said conventional examples then go into details about the deeper experimentation and self contained results.