bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sıcak hava fritözü ile susam kavurma koşullarının optimizasyonu ve konvansiyonel kavurma ile özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: Argun Mustafa Şamil , Kurt Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Tahin üretiminde en önemli aşama susamın fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerini etkilediği için kavurmadır. Bu çalışmada tahin üretiminde kullanılan kabuksuz susam tohumlarının sıcak hava fritözünde optimum kavurma koşullarının belirlenmesi ve özelliklerinin konvansiyonel yöntemle karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında kabuğu soyulmuş susam tohumları farklı sıcaklık (160°C, 180°C ve 200°C) ve sürelerde (15-70 dakika) sıcak hava fritözünün haznesine 0,8 gr/cm3 olacak şekilde yayılarak kavrulmuştur. Kavurma işlemindeki sıcaklık ve süre parametreleri yanıt yüzey yöntemi kullanılarak optimize edilmiştir. Kavrulmuş örneklerin ΔE (toplam renk değişimi) ve su aktivitesi verilerine göre sıcak hava fritözünün optimum çalışma sıcaklığı ve süresi 181,1°C ve 36,7 dk olarak belirlenmiştir. Sıcak hava fritözünde kavurma neticesinde konvansiyonel kavurmaya göre yağ verimi %50’den %60’a çıkmıştır. En düşük peroksit değeri 1,69 meq O2/kg ile 180°C de 35 dk da sıcak hava fritözünde tespit edilmiştir. FTIR sonuçları da sıcak hava fritözü ile kavrulmuş susamların oksidasyona karşı daha dayanıklı olduğunu desteklemiştir. Sıcak hava fritözü ile 5 kat daha kısa sürede kavrulan susamların konvansiyonel kavurmaya göre asitlik değerleri ve yağ asidi kompozisyonları benzer bulunmuştur. HMF içeriğinde ise sağlık açısından riskli seviyede bir oluşum gözlenmemiştir.
The Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Pumpkin, Rosehip and Pomegranate Seeds
Authors: Bakır Sena
Published: December 2024

Food waste is a significant problem worldwide. These food wastes, often discarded without any preliminary processing, can be rich in bioactive substances. In this study, the aim was to identify the phenolic compounds in pumpkin, rosehip and pomegranate seeds, which are frequently consumed in winter. For this purpose, ultrasonically assisted methanolic extracts were prepared from seeds separated from other waste parts (such as shells, stems, and leaves). The results indicated that pomegranate seeds had the highest total phenolic content, with 45.6±3.1 mg GAE/g sample (P<0.05). Similarly, pomegranate seeds also showed the highest total antioxidant capacity in both CUPRAC (114.7±2.6 mg torolox/g sample) and DPPH (71.2±3.8 mg torolox/g sample) analyses (P<0.05). In phenolic profiling analysis using HPLC-PDA, syringic acid was the most abundant compound in pumpkin seeds, (-)-catechin in rosehip seeds, and punicalagin derivatives in pomegranate seeds.
Türk Mutfağında Kullanılan Baharatların Fonksiyonel Yönü
Authors: Özer Altundağ Özlem , Samav Ufuk
Published: December 2024

Türk mutfağı, tarihi boyunca çeşitli kültürlerin etkisi ve Anadolu’nun zengin toprakları sayesinde geniş bir baharat yelpazesine sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Türk mutfağında yaygın olarak kullanılan baharatlar fonksiyonel bileşenler olan terpenoidler ve fenolik bileşikler açısından incelenmiştir. Terpenoidler antioksidan, anti-inflamatuar, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser özellikleri ile bilinirken; fenolik bileşikler güçlü antioksidan ve pro-oksidatif özellikler göstermektedir. Çalışmada, literatür araştırması yapılarak Türk mutfağında kullanılan 24 adet baharatın etken madde içerikleri, antioksidan kapasiteleri ve ORAC değerleri beslenme veri tabanları kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmalar ve veri tabanlarından elde edilen bilgiler değerlendirildiğinde anason (11 çeşit), haşhaş (10 çeşit), karabiber (10 çeşit), tarçın (10 çeşit), kekik (9 çeşit), kişniş (8 çeşit) ve sumak (8 çeşit) olmak üzere bu baharatların en fazla terpenoid ve fenolik bileşen içeren baharatlar olduğu görülmüştür. Baharatlarda en yaygın görülen fonksiyonel bileşenler ise sırasıyla karoten (alfa, beta ve gama) (17 tanesinde), tokoferol (alfa, beta ve gama) (15 tanesinde), filokinon (11 tanesinde), lutein (9 tanesinde) ve betain (8 tanesinde) olarak bulunmuştur. Türk mutfağının vazgeçilmez unsurlarından birisi olan bu baharatların, içerdikleri çeşitli terponoid ve fenolik bileşikler ile insan sağlığı üzerinde antioksidan, anti-inflamatuar, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser gibi olumlu etkilere sahip olduğu çalışmalarla desteklenmektedir. Bu çalışma Türk mutfağının kullanılan baharatlar ile sağlığı korumayı ve iyileştirmeyi destekleyici özellikte olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Son yıllarda sağlık için artan fonksiyonel beslenme uygulamaları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda Türk mutfağı içerik bakımından fonksiyonel beslenmeyi destekleyici niteliktedir. Türk mutfağında kullanılan baharatların sağlık üzerindeki bu potansiyel faydaları göz önüne alındığında, bu baharatların günlük beslenme alışkanlıklarına dahil edilmesi sağlığın sürdürülebilirliği açısından önerilebilir.
Use of Nanoemulsion Technology in Dairy Industry
Authors: Kaptan Binnur
Published: December 2024

Nanoemulsions, characterized by droplet sizes below 100 nm, are increasingly recognized for their applications in dairy technology. They are typically created using high-energy or low-energy methods and enable the encapsulation of functional food ingredients within droplets or at the interface, thereby increasing nutrient bioavailability and physical stability. The demand for nanoemulsions is increasing due to their applications in functional beverages and foods. In dairy-based products such as yogurt, cheese, and ice cream, nanoemulsions play multiple roles by stabilizing them and providing health benefits. They increase the physical stability of milk-based products, extend their shelf life, and improve sensory properties. Nanoemulsions also act as carriers for bioactive compounds, vitamins, and flavors, enriching the nutritional profile and consumer appeal of dairy products. Research on nanoemulsions is advancing due to their superior properties such as improved solubility, enhanced nutrient absorption, and controlled release capabilities. They are used in functional milk drinks, fortified milks, and milk-based supplements, contributing to the physical stability of products and offering health and nutritional benefits. Dairy products can be enriched with various functional ingredients by adding nanoemulsions. This review focuses on nanoemulsion formation and applications of nanoemulsion technology applied to dairy products within the scope of innovative approaches in the dairy industry and includes studies and results on this subject.
Analisis Perbandingan Keuntungan Finansial dan Nonfinansial antara Penggunaan Jet Pribadi dan Penerbangan Maskapai Komersial
Authors: Setiawan Ariyono , Tri Prasetyo Kukuh , Suprapto Yuyun , Rahayu Sri
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis keuntungan finansial dan nonfinansial penggunaan jet pribadi versus penerbangan maskapai komersial. Data dari 50 responden dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan jet pribadi memberikan keuntungan finansial yang signifikan. Pengguna jet pribadi menghemat waktu perjalanan dan memiliki nilai waktu yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengguna maskapai komersial. Biaya perjalanan jet pribadi juga lebih rendah dalam jangka panjang daripada maskapai komersial. Selain itu, pengguna jet pribadi menikmati tingkat kenyamanan yang lebih baik dengan fasilitas eksklusif. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan jet pribadi memiliki keuntungan finansial berupa efisiensi waktu, nilai waktu yang lebih tinggi, penghematan biaya, dan tingkat kenyamanan yang lebih baik. Keputusan dalam memilih metode perjalanan harus didasarkan pada kebutuhan, preferensi, dan kemampuan finansial individu. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi individu atau perusahaan yang mempertimbangkan penggunaan jet pribadi.
Strategi Pengembangan Terminal II Pelabuhan Peti Kemas New Makassar Menjadi Smart port
Authors: Paotonan, ST., MT Chairul , Azisah Nur , Asdar Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Smart port merupakan inovasi layanan dan operasional pelabuhan dunia yang menitikberatkan pada penggunaan otomatisasi teknologi yang terintegrasi, pengurangan konsumsi energi fossil, kelestarian lingkungan dan peningkatan kontrol pengawasan keselamatan dan keamanan pelabuhan dalam rangka peningkatan efisiensi dan efektifitas layanan kepada pengguna jasa. Pelabuhan di Indonesia harus berkembang mengikuti perkembangan pelabuhan berkelas dunia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan Terminal II Pelabuhan Peti Kemas New Makassar menjadi smart port di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi langsung dan analisis data menggunakan matriks Strength, Opportunity, Aspiration, Result (SOAR) dalam rangka mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting terminal peti kemas dan menentukan strategi pengembangan sesuai faktor internal dan eksternal. Matriks Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) digunakan untuk menentukan strategi prioritas. Berdasarkan matriks SOAR diketahui bahwa Terminal II Pelabuhan Peti Kemas New Makassar memiliki potensi yang kuat untuk dikembangkan menjadi smart port dan dari hasil QSPM diperoleh bahwa strategi prioritas dengan nilai tertinggi adalah strategi nomor 11 yaitu penyusunan implementasi kebijakan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dan pembangunan industri pelabuhan terintegrasi serta industri penyedia muatan pelabuhan.
El engaño de los paisajes utópicos en La Odisea
Authors:   University of Calgary (Canadá), Bertolín Cebrián Reyes
Published: December 2024

"The places where Odysseus and other characters in the Odyssey travel are briefly analyzed
in this work to manifest their common traits as utopian landscapes. Even if they are islands
in the extreme parts of the world, they are essentially Mediterranean landscapes. There are
three images that intertwine: the abundant nature, the domesticated garden and the city
of bronze. What defines a utopia is not just the place, but the social and psychological basis
of their inhabitants. Through the landscape there are some expectations created, but they
are not always confirmed because of the violence of the inhabitants. This violence is sometimes
open and sometimes hidden."
Differences in tumor size, clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic profiles of central nervous system tumors among a racially diverse cohort: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Kim Kyung Moo , Lew Rachel Jane , Higashihara Tate Justin , Yamashita Shaina , Pang Michelle , Stafford Michelle , Goo Connor , Teehera Kimberly Bergenholtz , Luu Kayti , Ho Richard , Carrazana Enrique , Viereck Jason , Liow Kore Kai , Ghaffari-Rafi Arash
Published: December 2024

Background:

One avenue to improve outcomes among brain tumor patients involves the mitigation of healthcare disparities. Investigating clinical differences among brain tumors across socioeconomic and demographic strata, such can aid in healthcare disparity identification and, by extension, outcome improvement.

Methods:

Utilizing a racially diverse population from Hawaii, 323 cases of brain tumors (meningiomas, gliomas, schwannomas, pituitary adenomas, and metastases) were matched by age, sex, and race to 651 controls to investigate the associations between tumor type and various demographic, socioeconomic, and medical comorbidities. Tumor size at the time of diagnosis was also compared across demographic groups.

Results:

At the time of diagnosis for benign meningiomas, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPI; P < 0.05), Asians, and Hispanics exhibited nearly two-fold larger tumor volumes than Whites. For gliomas, NHPI similarly presented with larger tumor volumes relative to Whites (P = 0.04) and Asians (P = 0.02), while for vestibular schwannomas, NHPI had larger tumor sizes compared to Asians (P < 0.05). Benign meningiomas demonstrated greater odds of diagnosis (P < 0.05) among Native American or Alaskan Natives, patients comorbid with obesity class I, hypertension, or with a positive Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Malignant meningiomas demonstrated greater odds (P < 0.05) among patients from higher median household income and urban geography. Gliomas overall exhibited increased odds (P < 0.05) of diagnosis among Whites and reduced odds among Asians, with greater comorbidity with obesity class III; for glioblastoma specifically, there were reduced odds of asthma diagnosis. Patients with vestibular schwannomas were at increased odds (P < 0.05) of being from the highest income quartile and having a positive AUDIT-C, yet reduced odds of psychiatric disorders. Pituitary adenomas exhibited reduced odds of diagnosis among Whites, yet greater odds among NHPI, military personnel, obesity class I, and psychiatric disorders. Intracranial metastases were more common in patients with pre-obesity, asthma, a positive AUDIT-C, and living in more affluent regions. Benign meningiomas are most often presented with seizures, while malignant meningiomas have the addition of cognitive difficulty. Gliomas often present with seizures, cognitive difficulty, dizziness/nausea/vomiting (DNV), vestibular schwannomas with DNV, and metastases with seizures.

Conclusion:

Brain tumors exhibit unique sociodemographic disparities and clinical comorbidities, which may have implications for diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare policy.
Management of intracranial meningioma: Outcome analysis and clinico radiological profile of 172 patients
Authors: Varshney Aditya , Jaiswal Somil , Bajaj Ankur , Yadav Awdhesh , Srivastava Chhitij , Chandra Anil , Ojha Bal Krishna , Bhalla Shalini , Jaiswal Pooja , Singh Brijesh Pratap , Singh Manish Kumar
Published: December 2024

Background:

Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor. This single-center study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological, radiological profile, and outcomes of patients with intracranial meningiomas in terms of functional status, morbidity, mortality, and recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Methods:

Patients of intracranial meningioma treated between January 01, 2010, and December 31, 2019, at the Department of Neurosurgery, King George’s Medical University, India, were included in this study. Retrospective data analysis of 172 patients with intracranial meningioma was done.

Results:

The majority of the patients, that is, 94 (54.65%), presented in the 4th and 5th decade. The mean size of the meningioma was 36.4 ± 4 mm (range: 26–68 mm). Of the 172 patients, 128 (74.41%) were diagnosed as non-skull base meningiomas, and in 44 patients (25.59%), meningioma originated from the skull base. Recurrence was observed on follow-up imaging in 11 patients after a mean postoperative interval of 55.2 ± 5.8 months. Radiological meningioma recurrence paralleled with clinical deterioration in seven patients. Three of these patients were subjected to the second surgery, followed by radiotherapy, and in the remaining four patients, Gamma knife or fractionated radiotherapy was given.

Conclusion:

The majority of patients had good functional outcomes (KPS >70) at discharge. Morbidity and mortality was 18.60% and 3.49%, respectively. Meningioma size ≥4 cm, age >45 years, World Health Organization Grade (II, III), non-skull base location, and Simpson grade III, IV of resection showed significantly shorter RFS.
« "To Give Style" to One’s Character ». What One Should Learn from Emerson According to Nietzsche
Authors: Morille Typhaine
Published: December 2024

De ses études à Leipzig à ses tout derniers écrits, Nietzsche semble entretenir des affinités électives et comme une correspondance continue et secrète avec Emerson, qu’il désigne comme son « frère dans l’âme ». Ne se dit-il pas d’ailleurs « chez lui et dans [sa] propre maison » chez Emerson, à tel point que toute son œuvre résonne des innombrables échos de cette voix gémellaire ? Mais ces reprises étonnantes impliquent-elles réellement une filiation intellectuelle entre les deux penseurs ? Emerson a-t-il été un éducateur pour celui qui le jugeait « mal éduqué », ou bien la troublante familiarité des textes ne relève-t-elle pas d’une de ces énigmes que Nietzsche se targue d’adresser au lecteur ? De quelle manière le pourfendeur du sujet a-t-il pu apprendre du défenseur du caractère ? Et dans quelle mesure le chantre américain de la nature participe-t-il de cette réforme de la culture européenne que Nietzsche s’assigne pour tâche ? Notre étude se donne pour objectif d’examiner le rôle d’Emerson dans la formation de la pensée nietzschéenne, et ce en un double sens : formation de la pensée de Nietzsche, et formation de la pensée par Nietzsche. Elle s’attachera à préciser le statut « d’homme préparatoire » qu’occupe Emerson pour Nietzsche et ce que ce dernier se propose d’apprendre de celui qu’il considère surtout comme un artiste.
Les pratiques autobiographiques de Friedrich Nietzsche et de John Stuart Mill
Authors: Quérini Nicolas , Dejardin Camille
Published: December 2024

Nietzsche et Mill ont en commun d’avoir écrit une autobiographie dans laquelle ils retracent les jalons de l’émergence de leur philosophie mais aussi de leur personnalité. Toutefois, s’il s’agit, selon les termes de Nietzsche, de dévoiler « comment on devient ce qu’on est », on peut se demander quelle fin est poursuivie à travers cette démarche. En effet, influencés par le romantisme, les deux auteurs insistent sur l’absolue individualité des personnalités véritables, qui s’avèrent dès lors inimitables. Que peut donc tirer le public d’une telle lecture ? Notre propos consiste à inscrire la pratique autobiographique telle qu’elle se décline chez Nietzsche et Mill dans la tradition de ce que Pierre Hadot appelait « exercices spirituels » et Michel Foucault « techniques de soi ». Dans cette perspective, la (re)construction du soi par la pratique autobiographique peut malgré tout constituer une forme de discours édifiant, à même de conduire les lecteurs non pas à imiter le parcours de l’auteur mais à vouloir mener une existence à la hauteur de celle qui se donne à voir au fil des pages. En ce sens, si l’exemplarité nietzschéenne est exemplarité d’une déviance, d’une façon de se montrer singulier, elle est davantage dans le cas de Mill illustration d’une vertu qui cherche à se rendre désirable pour autrui.
An update about herding behavior during the 2008 and COVID-19 crises
Authors: Claramunt Bielsa M. Mercè , González-Vila Puchades Laura , Hijazi Mohamed Mehdi
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the effect of the Covid-19 crisis on herding behavior after it ended, comparing it to the 2008 crisis across a large number of countries. Although the existence of herding behavior in financial markets over crisis periods has already been evaluated by some authors, this evaluation has been limited to only a few markets, and many others remain unevaluated. However, this article explores herding behavior during financial crises, focusing on the 2008 global financial crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic, offering a comparative analysis of both events. Using the CSAD of returns method, a sample composed of 31 stock markets and 195.174 observation days (from 02 January 2000 till 05 May 2023) is analyzed. Herding behavior is found during the entire period, during the different periods of crises, during both high and low volatility periods, and during both high and low trading volume periods.
Hydrophosphinylation of Alkynes via Neutral Magnesium Complexes: Evidence for Ligand Dependency in Structure-Activity Relationships
Authors: Parveen Darakshan , Mittal Sneha , Shrivas Radhika , Pathak Biswarup , Roy Dipak Kumar
Published: December 2024

The pursuit of practical, straightforward, and sustainable methods for forming carbon-phosphorus bonds is crucial in both academia and industry. Traditional synthetic methods often rely on hazardous, halogenated precursors through salt-metathesis routes. In this study, we have synthesized and characterized magnesium complexes [L(Mg-nBu)2] (L = bis(diiminate); nBu = n-butyl) 1 and 2. Complex 1 effectively catalyzes the hydrophosphinylation of alkynes resulting stepwise hydrophosphinylated products namely monophosphinylated vinyledene- and 1,2-diphosphinylated alkanes. While doubly addition products with the alkynes are predominant, this catalytic reaction produces anti-Markovnikov products with inactivated alkenes, whereas activated alkenes giving rise to conjugated products. This transformation showcases an excellent atom economy, broad functional group tolerance and gram scale synthesis for organophosphorus compounds. Through controlled experiments, kinetic studies, and density functional theoretical calculations, we elucidated the reaction mechanism, identifying the active catalytic species and revealing a stepwise hydrophosphinylation process of alkynes. Although complex 1 showed its potential in the hydrophosphinylation of alkynes, complexes 2 and 3 produced a lower yield of hydrophosphinylated products, indicating the role of ligand (spacer) in this catalytic transformation. This work is the first to demonstrate that a neutral magnesium complex can independently catalyse the hydrophosphinylation of alkynes and offers opportunities for the hydrophosphinylation of other compounds catalyzed by main-group metal complexes.
Presumptive Tests for Xylazine – A Computer Vision Approach
Authors: Chang Hui Yun , Donnachie Kristin , McCabe Timothy J.D. , Barrington Henry , Ceniccola-Campos Kristin , Carlysle-Davies Felicity , Reid Marc
Published: December 2024

Abuse of xylazine is an immediate global public health concern. We report the distinct and measurable colour changes when xylazine is exposed to the Mandelin, Marquis, and Mecke presumptive test reagents. The colour changes observed with xylazine are distinct from those of drugs that give colour changes from the same presumptive tests. Using single image and video analyses, distinctive features of presumptive tests with xylazine help differentiate it from other illicit substances tested under the same conditions, including morphine, fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine. Herein, experimental protocols utilising \textit{Kineticolor}, a computer vision software, were developed to qualitatively and quantitatively study presumptive tests for xylazine detection. To the best of our knowledge, these findings represent the first presumptive test strategy towards specific, quantifiable, and potentially field-ready detection of xylazine.
Switchable SuFEx Linker Chemistry for Sequential Assembly of Heterocycles and Phenols Enabled by Intramolecular Non-covalent Interactions
Authors: An Jie , Hou Jiaman , Wang Minlong , Qin Xinshu , Wang Chao , Chen Lingxia , Peng Ruoqing , Li Lin , Zhang Xiaohe
Published: December 2024

Sequence control is essential for the construction of both biomacromolecules and synthetic drugs or materials. We proposed switchable linker chemistry for the sequential assembly of readily accessible precursors. In this study, ethene sulfonyl fluoride (ESF) was selected as a switchable linker, which contains an alkene group capable of undergoing efficient Michael addition with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles and a less reactive alkyl sulfonyl fluoride group. Upon reacted with heterocycles, the sulfonyl fluoride group was “switched on” through intramolecular non-covalent interactions between the SVI-F/O and the heterocycles. This interaction activates the otherwise less reactive sulfonyl fluoride group, making it more prone to undergo SuFEx reactions with phenols. The existence of this interaction was confirmed by single crystal structures of five representative substrates. The SuFEx linker has been successfully applied to achieve both effective coupling of nitrogen-containing heterocycles and phenols, as well as the synthesis of sequential-defined polymers.
Photocatalytic Chlorine Production from Iron Chlorides in Atmospheric Aerosols: Strategies for Quantifying Methane and Tropospheric Ozone Control
Authors: van Herpen Maarten , Pennacchio Luisa , Brashear Chloe , Mikkelsen Marie Kathrine , Saiz-Lopez Alfonzo , Rockmann Thomas , Johnson Matthew
Published: December 2024

It was recently discovered that chlorine is produced photocatalytically from mineral dust sea spray aerosols, impacting methane and tropospheric ozone, and an evaluation was made of the climate and environmental impact of a chlorine-based intervention to draw down methane. The generation of chlorine by the iron chlorides Fe(III)Cl(3−n)n will also occur due to iron present in shipping plumes. To study efficiency and environmental implications, there is a need for additional information about the behavior of the process under a range of atmospheric conditions. Here we use box modeling to evaluate whether it is possible to experimentally observe this mechanism in a ship’s plume, or in a plume of pure iron dust, emitted for example from a tower. Detection limits for Cl, Cl2, HOCl, ClO, ClNO3, ClNO2, CO, C2H6, δ13C(CO) and CH2O are determined based on values from the literature. We find that the most promising and low-cost experimental indicators of Cl0 production are the concentration of photoactive iron and the CO:ethane ratio, and Cl2 is a useful indicator if cost is not a limitation. For ships with high NOx emissions, ClNO2 and ClNO3 could also potentially be used, and for towers emitting Fe without NOx the concentration of HOCl and ClO could be used. δ13C(CO) is a very direct method to detect methane removal, but only gives a clear signal for high iron emissions.
[3 + 2] Cycloadditions of alpha,beta-Unsaturated Sultams
Authors: Zaika Yevhen , Vashchenko Bohdan , Sosunovych Bohdan , Khutorianskyi Andrii , Yasman Pavlo , Ogurok Volodymyr , Brovarets Volodymyr , Grygorenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

A highly efficient multigram synthesis of fused sultams (up to 97 g in a single run) via the regio- and diastereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of alpha,beta-unsaturated sultams was developed. The scope and limitations of the method were studied by evaluating common 1,3-dipolar compounds. The reactions with azomethine ylide (obtained from N-(methoxymethyl)-N-(trimethylsilylmethyl)benzylamine), nitrile oxides (generated from chloroximes), and nitrones worked well to give the fused heterocyclic building blocks in a regio- and diastereoselective manner. In turn, attempted reactions with allenes, azides, and several other 1,3-dipolar compounds were not fruitful. A series of functional group transformations were applied to obtain fused bicyclic sultam building blocks as promising derivatives for modern drug discovery. In addition to that, antiviral activity was discovered for some representatives of the synthesized bicyclic sultams.
Chaotropic or Hydrophobic Effect: Distinct binding signatures of nano-ions to a non-ionic polymer
Authors: Hohenschutz Max , Simons Jasmin , Luhmann Hannes , Dulle Martin , Lopez Carlos Gonzalez
Published: December 2024

The nanometric ions (nano-ions) SiW12O404- (SiW) and B(C6H5)4- (BPh4) are considered as a superchaotropic and a hydro-phobic ion, respectively, in extension to the chaotropic side of the Hofmeister series. A distinction between chaotropic, superchaotropic and hydrophobic ions, however, has not been presented so far. Herein, we show by measurement of the viscosity B-coefficient of SiW (and other nano-ions) and of ion binding to the non-ionic polymer hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), how chaotropic, superchaotropic and hydrophobic ions can be unambiguously distinguished. The viscosity B-coefficient of the superchaotropic SiW is positive as for hydrophobic ions, and distinct from classical chaotropic ions with a negative B-coefficient. In HPC-solution, BPh4 and SiW bind to the polymer, dramatically increasing the viscosity and the cloud point. Heating induces characteristically distinct responses for the two nano-ions: The viscosity rises for BPh4 and decreases for SiW. These effects are related to nano-ion induced aggregation and electric charging of HPC, which, upon heating, become stronger for BPh4 and weaker for SiW as shown by Small Angle X-ray and Neutron Scattering. 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry showed that the structural effects are linked to binding thermodynamics. Upon heating, the binding constant decreases for SiW and increases for BPh4 arising respectively from an enthalpically favorable, exothermic, chaotropic driving force or an enthalpically unfavorable, endothermic, hydropho-bic driving force. Combining the viscosity B-coefficient and sign of the binding enthalpy enables distinguishing cha-otropic, superchaotropic and hydrophobic ions. Importantly, superchaotropic binding can be stronger or weaker than hydrophobic binding depending on the temperature. Ion hydration and binding are demonstrated as powerful tools to tune polymer solution properties.
A Comprehensive Study on Facial Expression Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Gaur Mayank , Kumar Naveen ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Varshney Nitin ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Mishra Prof.Pawan ,   Assistant Professor, Dep. of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology, (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA
Published: December 2024

In the previous years, the landscape of computer vision has changed significantly with improved algorithms. One such area is face expression which owes its magnificence due to the rapid advancement in techniques of deep learning. This research paper gives exhaustive studies on face expression with their relate on various CNN deep learning models, evolution trends in methodologies and the state-of-the-art architectures. The challenges as well as possible applications of the same will also be addressed. The primary aim is thorough analysis on the effectiveness and efficiency that deep learning comes with for face expression tasks, and finally offers insight on current trends and future directions in this rapidly evolving domain.
Zubdat Al-Fikra as a source on the history of Kay-Kavus II аnd Urbay-Khatun
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sabitov Zhaxylyk , Tuleubayeva Samal
Published: December 2024

Zubdat al-Fikra is an important source on the history of the Golden Horde, the Ilkhanate, the Rum Sultanate and Mamluk Egypt. The purpose of this study is to analyze the information from the Arabic-lan-guage source Zubdat al-Fikr regarding the Seljuk Sultan Izz ad-Din Kay Kavus II (Konya or Rum Sultanate) and his wife Urbay-Khatun (Daughter of Berke, the ruler of the Golden Horde). This article will introduce new information about the life of Izz ad-Din Kay Kavus II and his wife Urbay-Khatun. The materials of the study are extracts from the Arabic-language source Zubdat al-Fikr regarding the Seljuk Sultan Izz ad-Din Kay Kavus II and his wife Urbay-Khatun. Previously, a small excerpt from this work (one paragraph in size) was introduced into scientific circulation by V. Tiesenhausen in 1884. In this article, 4 new excerpts from Zubdat al-Fikr will be introduced into scientific circulation in Russian and information regarding the old translated excerpt will be supplemented. The main research method here will be the methods of external and internal criticism of sources. We have discovered excerpts from Zubdat al-Fikr that are important for the history of the Golden Horde, which allow us to look at certain aspects of the history of the Golden Horde in a new way. We have introduced new information on the history of the Golden Horde and the Konya Sultanate into scientific circulation. New data on the life of Urbay-khatun, the daughter of the ruler of the Golden Horde Berke, have been added. New scientific discoveries concern-ing the biography of Urbats-Khatun, including her non-hostile relations with the Hulaguids, provide new perspectives for studying the Ilkhan-Jochid relations.
Problems of cultural identity of second-generation migrants in Jhumpa Lahiri’s «The interpreter of maladies»
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kokeeva Dariga , Iskakova Zaure , Urumova Togzhan
Published: December 2024

Among authors of the Indian diaspora, Jhumpa Lahiri, a second-generation Bengali migrant who settled in America, is one of the most talented writers with a distinctive subject matter and a unique writing style. Drawing on the life experiences of herself and her family, Lahiri describes in her works the fates of Indian migrants who left their homeland and came to a new country in search of a better life. The author's collection «Interpreter of Maladies», which was published in 1988 and won one of the most valuable awards in the world of literature, the Pulitzer Prize, also deals with the identity of Bengali migrants who moved to America. This article examines the collection's stories about second-generation migrants, raising issues of identity and how they are addressed. Being born in a land alien to their relatives but native to America, being brought up on Indian values but living in American society raises a serious question about the identity of the protagonists. In turn, this article attempts to analyze this issue of second-generation migrants through postcolonial studies.

The main purpose of this article is to understand the nature of hybrid identities and ambivalent relationships described by Jhumpa Lahiri's personal experiences and which are unique to these second-generation migrants. The article calls for a fresh look at the topic of migrant identities in diasporic literature, from the perspective of generational difference and second-generation identities. The research methods of literary studies, such as biographical method, cultural-historical, historical-genetic methods were used in writing the article. And also, psychoanalytical method was used for deeper understanding of characters' identity problems.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКОГО МЕХАНИЗМА РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: ЗАЙЧЕНКО ИРИНА АЛЕКСЕЕВНА , ХАМУРАДОВ МОВСАР АХМЕТПАШОВИЧ , МАГОМЕДОВ МАГОМЕДЗАГИД АНВАРОВИЧ
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены концептуальные положения логистического механизма развития деятельности предприятия. Важность такого логистического механизма определяется рядом факторов формирования внутренней среды предприятия и его способностью адаптироваться к рыночным вызовам. Особое значение логистического механизма заключается в определении рациональных управленческих решений, предусматривающих стабильное повышение эффективности и развития предприятия с ориентацией на удовлетворение интересов конечных потребителей. Значительное внимание уделено аспектам налаживания товарного обращения предприятия, определяемым рыночными вызовами построения логистической системы, тенденциями конкуренции и изменения потребительских предпочтений. Отмечено, что логистический механизм представляет собой совокупность элементов (принципов, функций, задач и др.), которые направлены на достижение цели и приоритетов развития деятельности предприятия. Согласно такому подходу, логистический механизм ориентирован на создание привлекательной среды для развития новых видов деятельности предприятия, которые в значительной мере связаны с цифровыми технологиями. Отдельно уделено внимание аспектам информатизации логистической системы предприятия и сделан вывод, что управление логистическими потоками все больше будет предусматривать переход на цифровые платформы с целью выбора оптимальных и более эффективных маршрутов поставки продукции. Также к основным ориентирам логистического механизма отнесено системное управление бизнес-процессами и их согласование со стратегическими целями развития предприятия, снижение затрат, при этом сохраняя время и объемы доставки, повышение эффективности использования ресурсного обеспечения предприятия и его оптимизацию.
ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ
Authors: ХАМУРАДОВ МОВСАР АХМЕТПАШОВИЧ , ГРИГОРЬЕВ АНТОН АНДРЕЕВИЧ , НОРЦЕВ КОНСТАНТИН ГЕННАДЬЕВИЧ
Published: December 2024

В статье предложены научно-методические положения по формированию модели устойчивого развития экономики в условиях цифровизации на основе общей концепции развития социо-эколого-экономических систем с учетом предпосылок, принципов, единой системы обеспечения реализации целей. Система экономической безопасности предприятий должна включать в себя концепцию устойчивого развития, инновационно-инвестиционные стратегии, инновационную политику, механизмы регулирования. Установлено, что формирование эффективной модели регулирования устойчивого развития в контексте цифровизации на принципах адаптивности и способности обеспечивать синергетический эффект возможно при условии обеспечения баланса в компонентах различных потенциалов с ориентацией на природный потенциал. Сделаны выводы о том, что оценку результативности использования потенциала устойчивого развития предприятий через уровень его конкурентоспособности и конкурентоустойчивости целесообразно проводить с позиции системной целостности с ориентацией на конечную продукцию, реализацию стратегии или задач.
ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КАДРОВЫМ ПОТЕНЦИАЛОМ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: ХАМУРАДОВ МОВСАР АХМЕТПАШОВИЧ , МАРТЫНОВ КИРИЛЛ СЕРГЕЕВИЧ , ЧХОТУА ГЕОРГИЙ ЗУРАБОВИЧ
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены основные тенденции использования информационно-коммуникационных технологий в контексте управления кадровым потенциалом предприятий. Установлено, что инновационное развитие народно-хозяйственного комплекса страны зависит от скорости обновления технико-технологических и информационных знаний, а также уровня развития динамических способностей специалистов и работников различных секторов экономики. Рассмотрены информационные технологии, используемые в процессе управления трудовыми ресурсами, маркетинговой деятельности, производстве. Указано на необходимость проведения систематических исследований по развитию цифровой трансформации предприятий с экономическим обоснованием целесообразности внедрения цифровизации в HR-менеджмент. Сделан вывод, что информационное обеспечение управления кадровым потенциалом предприятий должно основываться на новейших знаниях и внедряться в бизнес и HR-процессах менеджмента.
МОДЕЛЬ ТРОЙНОЙ СПИРАЛИ КАК ОСНОВА СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОГРЕССА НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: ЗОИДОВ КОБИЛЖОН ХОДЖИЕВИЧ , РАСТЕГАЕВ АНДРЕЙ АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ
Published: December 2024

Цель работы. В статье рассматривается экономическая сущность и природа инновационного потенциала и его роль в экономических процессах страны. Особое внимание уделено модели тройной спирали, которая показывается как основа стимулирования развития инновационного потенциала и технологического прогресса в условиях санкционного давления и глобальной нестабильности. Методология. В исследовании использованы методы историко-экономического анализа, теории производственно-технологической сбалансированности экономики, системной парадигмы, эволюционно-институциональной теории, экспертных и аналитических оценок. Результаты. Сформулирована экономическая сущность и природа инновационного потенциала, а также его роль в экономических процессах страны. Определено, что инновационный потенциал является ключевым драйвером экономического роста, который в себя включает не только технологические новшества, но и способность экономики к адаптации и внедрению нововведений. Этот потенциал влияет на все аспекты экономической деятельности, от производства до распределения и потребления, стимулируя развитие новых отраслей и улучшая конкурентоспособность страны на международном уровне. Особое внимание уделено модели тройной спирали, которая расширяется и адаптируется с участием дополнительных акторов, формируя четвертую или пятую спирали в некоторых странах. Эта модель показала свою эффективность в США, где она дополняется на каждом этапе промышленного развития, обеспечивая стимулирование инноваций и технологического прогресса. Подход включает систематическое вовлечение государства, научных учреждений, бизнеса и граждан в инновационный процесс, что приводит к разработке и коммерциализации инновационных продуктов и технологий. Примером такой интеграции является практика «Живых лабораторий» в Канаде, основанная на открытых инновациях, которая включает широкое участие различных сторон в процессе создания и оценки инноваций в реальных условиях. Выводы. Рассмотрение инновационного потенциала на различных уровнях — от регионального до национального — позволяет не только анализировать текущее состояние, но и планировать будущие изменения в экономике.
A Critical Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Accounting
Authors: Cloete Melanie Bernice , Swanepoel Matthys Johannes
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a disruptive force in the accounting profession, a field historically reliant on manual processes and human judgment. This study aims to critically analyze the AI technologies proposed in current accounting research and explore their implications on the accounting profession. Using a qualitative research approach and document analysis, the study systematically evaluated scholarly works on the integration of AI in accounting. The findings underscore that while process automation is a foundational pillar of digital transformation, amplifying analytical capabilities and bolstering decision-making processes are equally critical for businesses and financial institutions seeking a competitive edge. Consequently, strategic investment in a diverse portfolio of AI technologies, encompassing machine learning, neural networks, and expert systems, is essential. However, the lack of case-based reasoning and simulation modelling in accounting research limits the full potential of AI in the field. Integrating AI can transform accounting by automating routine tasks, enhancing data analysis, increasing accuracy, efficiency, and productivity, as well as improving decision-making. This integration creates opportunities for scholars, practitioners, and researchers in information technology and accounting to collaborate, navigating the complex terrain where these disciplines intersect and driving future exploration and innovation in the integration of AI in accounting.
High Potential Pupils: Specific Characteristics and Openness to a Broader Definition as Awareness Personality (AP) for Better Support
Authors: Vauthier Michaël
Published: December 2024

There is consensus on one point in the definition of high potential: the recognition of an intelligence quotient above 130. This definition seems to be extremely restrictive, as it is limited to a cognitive level, whereas other levels, in particular emotional and relational, are specific to what can be described as high potential in a broad sense. These different facets are expressed at school and are often a source of incomprehension for teachers and even academic malaise for pupils. Brain imaging (Gauvrit, 2014) has shown that high-potential individuals function differently in the brain, arguing for a neuro-cognitive definition of high potential. A number of terms are used to describe the specific characteristics of high potential, such as giftedness and talent, or zebra (Siaud-Fachin, 2008) for children with an atypical profile. At school, different policies have been put in place to accommodate children whose profiles are so specific that they may require special arrangements. After presenting the consensus on the definition of high potential, this paper will provide a brief overview of national policies in support of these pupils with special profiles. We will then describe our research in an adult psychotherapy clinic, based on a qualitative approach to the discourse of patients defined as high potential. Based on their experiences in school, particularly in terms of common and salient points, we will identify the specific features of this atypical profile and propose an evolving nomenclature for the concept of high potential. By incorporating Dabrowski and Piechowski’s (1977) concept of hyperexcitability, this nomenclature will be extended to include the concept of awareness developed by Perls et al. (1951). This paper aims to provide a better understanding of how so-called high-potential pupils function and to propose a new, more consensual term – awareness personality – to help teachers understand these pupils better and to help them accept their difference better.
Social Justice to Learning Computer Programming: A Critical Systems Thinking Approach in Computing Education at a University
Authors: Manduna Watson M. S.
Published: December 2024

Numerous literature sources in computer programming education (CPE) have emphasized that learning programming is difficult. Several reasons are provided, which include subject complexity, student culture, technology integration, and institutional infrastructure. Several tools are proposed to remedy this situation, but the problem seems to persist. A critical systemic approach (CSA) is suggested in this study to alleviate these problems. Literature on the usage of a CSA in computing training environments is scarce. Utilization of the CSA permitted the researcher to apply a critical multi-methodology, where several interpretative data collection (diaries and online semi-structured interviews) and analysis (cross-case and collaborative) methods were employed. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select the study participants, namely five computing teacher trainees and two experts in critical systems thinking, human-computer interaction, computer science programming, and curriculum development. The computing teacher trainees collaborated with the initial data. At the same time, the experts contributed to the theory in the form of validation and provision of new insights that the teacher trainees overlooked. Some of the study results indicate that a more comprehensive stakeholder social contract is needed to remedy these problems. It was also observed that student profiling plays a significant role in computing learning and, if considered, would empower the computer instructor to accommodate student uniqueness. On the other hand, learner autonomy was considered critical as it empowers students to take ownership, take risks, continue learning, and critique learning.
The Influence of Artificial Intelligence on South Africa’s Tourism Sector: A Review and Path Forward
Authors: Phoofolo Taemane , Ndlovu Joram
Published: December 2024

Tourism is a vital economic sector in South Africa, attracting a large number of visitors who come to experience the diverse range of tourist attractions the country has to offer. In its efforts to achieve sustainability and competitiveness, the industry is incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into its operations. This review explores the transformative role of AI in South Africa's tourism sector, highlighting both current applications and future potential. This paper aims to illustrate how AI enhances the tourist experience and operational efficiency. Furthermore, it will map the way forward by identifying challenges and proposing strategic initiatives for stakeholders to harness AI's full potential in promoting sustainable tourism growth. A qualitative approach was employed in reviewing thirty articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The results indicate that AI has a significant potential to enhance the competitiveness of the tourism sector in South Africa. However, the integration of AI into the tourism sector might have a plethora of problems such as data privacy concerns, the fear of retrenchments and worker disenfranchisement. The paper suggests that significant measures are required to maximise the potential benefits of AI. The paper proposes collaboration between tech companies and tourism operators and the development of technology pro-policy initiatives to support AI integration. Further research is necessary to explore strategies for mitigating any adverse effects of AI in tourism, with a focus on boosting job opportunities and improving the socio-economic welfare of all stakeholders in the sector.