bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Seven-layered Model Architecture, Network Model, Protocol Stack, Security, Application, Issues and Challenges in Internet of Vehicle
Authors: Alam Intyaz , Kumar Sushil , Kashyap Pankaj Kumar
Published: July 2020

Background:

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought various changes in the
existing research field by including new areas such as smart transportation, smart home facilities,
smart healthcare, etc. In smart transportation systems, vehicles contain different components to access
information related to passengers, drivers, vehicle speed, and many more. This information can
be accessed by connecting vehicles with the Internet of Things leading to new fields of research
known as Internet of Vehicles. The setup of the Internet of Vehicle (IoV) consists of many sensors
to establish a connection with several other sensors belonging to different environments by exploiting
different technologies. The communication of the sensors faces a lot of challenging issues. Some
of the critical challenges are to maintain security in information exchanges among the vehicles, inequality
in sensors, quality of internet connection, and storage capacity.

Objective:

To overcome the challenging issues, we have designed a new framework consisting of
seven-layered architecture, including the security layer, which provides seamless integration by
communicating with the devices present in the IoV environment. Further, a network model consisting
of four components such as Cloud, Fog, Connection, and Clients has been designed. Finally, the
protocol stack which describes the protocol used in each layer of the proposed seven-layered IoV
architecture has been shown.

Methods:

In this proposed architecture, the representation and the functionalities of each layer and
types of security have been defined. Case studies of this seven-layer IoV architecture have also been
performed to illustrate the operation of each layer in real-time. The details of the network model
including all the elements inside each component have also been shown.

Results:

We have discussed some of the existing communication architectures and listed a few challenges
and issues occurring in present scenarios. Considering these issues, we have developed the
seven-layered IoV architecture and the network model with four essential components known as the
cloud, fog, connection, and clients.

Conclusion:

This proposed architecture provides a secure IoV environment and provides life safety.
Hence, safety and security will help to reduce the cybercrimes occurring in the network and thereby
provide good coordination and communication of the vehicles in the network.
Registro y daño causado por Mimosestes enterolobii Kingsolver & Johnson, 1978 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) en semillas de Enterolobium schomburgkii Benth. (Benthan, 1844) (Fabaceae) en Mato Grosso, Brasil.
Authors: Amador-Mojena Pastor , Rocha- Barreto Marliton , Romero-Nápoles Jesús , Cardoso-Snipe Rodrigo , De Souza Mojena Antonia A.
Published: July 2020

La leguminosa Enterolobium schomburgkii Benth. (Benthan, 1844) (Fabaceae), es endémica de Amazonia y posee amplia distribución geográfica en el área Neotropical. Se trata de una especie maderable de gran importancia económica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar al insecto asociado a las semillas de la planta, y cuantificar y evaluar el efecto del daño provocado sobre la calidad fisiológica de las semillas recogidas en bosques urbanos en la ciudad de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil. El insecto se identificó como Mimosestes enterolobii Kingsolver & Johnson (1978). La tasa de depredación de las semillas fue de 8.07% y el consumo de sustrato fue de 0.61 g, equivalente al 93.35% del peso de las semillas. A pesar de registrarse bajo porcentaje de daños en semillas (8.07%), el consumo del sustrato (cotiledones y embrión de la semilla) fue alto (93.35%), lo cual afectó significativamente la calidad fisiológica y capacidad de germinación de la semilla.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CARRYING CAPACITY ASSESSMENT FOR BUKIT TINGGI
Authors: Mohamad Diana , Jaafar Mastura , Ismail Mohd Muzzammil
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses an assessment of social and economic carrying capacity (CC) in Bukit Tinggi. Bukit Tinggi is a new and emerging highland tourism destination located in Malaysia, thus assessing the present CC level is imperative to ascertain the sustainability of destination competitiveness. The economics of socio CC has been a growing area. The fundamental concept of CC revolves around the analysis of behavioural dynamics, succession, and establishing a dynamic balance of natural ecosystems. This paper, hence, looked into the present socio-economic CC level in Bukit Tinggi in order to understand the extent of tourism developments enabled in Bukit Tinggi without affecting tourists’ tourism experience. The CC data on social (tourist arrival, safety and well-being, place identity, tourism experience) and economic (employment demand/supply, business growth/supply demand, tourism income) aspects were gathered from visitors via self-administered questionnaire survey approach. The findings revealed that more efforts and immediate attention should be given to the socioeconomic CC in Bukit Tinggi mainly because all the studied variables displayed moderate CC level values.
PROFILING THE PERCEIVED MANGROVE FOREST USE VALUE AND COMMUNITY’S WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR MANGROVE CONSERVATION
Authors: Nur Sunoto Yakin , Ponrahono Zakiah
Published: July 2020

A broad range of ecological services from mangrove forest encompasses a mixture of landward and seaward transition around tropical and subtropical areas in many regions that are threatened by humans. Among the issues highlighted in this research are i) the decline in mangrove areas due to development activities, and ii) zero price value of mangrove areas. This study reports on the direct use value of mangrove forest, willingness to pay for the conservation of mangrove forests, and satisfaction towards current mangrove management in Kampung Sungai Melayu, located at Johor state in Malaysia. A face-to-face survey was employed, targeting 111 heads of households and 219 individuals from the local community through a simple random sampling technique. This study concludes that the local community are willing to pay for mangrove conservation at RM17.84 per year. Based on the significant results from the Chi Square analysis, three factors have a significant correlation with the “willingness to pay” for mangrove conservation which includes the length of residency (X2 = 11.780) and household income (X2 =13.463).
URBAN LIVABILITY INDICATORS FOR SECONDARY CITIES IN ASEAN REGION
Authors: Majid M. Rafee , Pampanga D. G. , Zaman Musarrat , Ruslik Oradila , Medugu I.N. , Amer M.S.
Published: July 2020

Urban livability indicators have tremendous influence on policies and growth trajectories of cities or metropolises to the benefit of their communities. Livability is a threshold for measuring the social dimension of people wrought by exogenous factors like infrastructure, environment, social cohesion, transportation, health and education, among others. This research is aimed to generate prototype urban livability indicators for secondary cities in Southeast Asia, benchmarked on the livability indicators of Iskandar Malaysia, Davao City in the Philippines and Makassar in Indonesia. A three-round iterative Delphi survey (scoping, convergence, and consensus) was conducted to pre-qualified 60 experts with equal representations from the three metropolises. The significant phase was the scoping where experts have to supplement the given framework for their aspired urban livability sub-indicators under specific domain indicators. In the convergence phase, reconsideration of sub-indicators and preliminary ranking of domain indicators using the 5-point Likert Scale’s degree of agreement and Kendall’s W coefficient of concordance were performed. In the consensus phase, both domain indicators and sub-indicators were ranked separately and assigned corresponding weightings. With the total of 108 framework-based and supplementary sub-indicators categorized under the 11 domain indicators, the study conclusively yielded 75 common, comparative, interconnected, and consistent urban livability indicators ranked according to the aspiration of stakeholders in three ASEAN secondary cities. This research, through the employ of robust methodology, has generated comprehensive composite urban livability indicators for secondary metropolitan settlements in Southeast Asia; thus, the resulting final indicators can be potentially engaged to determine a comparative urban livability index of cities in the ASEAN region.
THE ATTRIBUTES OF FUTURE SOCIAL LEARNING BUILT ENVIRONMENTS TOWARDS 21st CENTURY EDUCATION IN TERTIARY EDUCATION
Authors: Ramu V. , Aziz Nor Fadzila
Published: July 2020

In the past two decades, the transformation that has captured tertiary education worldwide is a significant task mentioned as “academic evolution”. Whereby, the vast exploitation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) explicitly mentioned as artificial intelligence (AI), digitisation, automation and Internet of Things (IoT) articulate the term Industry 4.0. Furthermore, the application of ICT in teaching and learning foster a new learning theory designated as Connectivism. Hence, there are needs in the formulation of an ideal and compatible classification of a social learning environment to accommodate the new learning theory, which enhances the informal learning undertaken by learners besides their formal lecture hours. Therefore, this study aims to seek factors that influenced learners’ preferences toward social learning spaces. A qualitative study was adapted to investigate the learner’s preferences attributes on social learning spaces at Polytechnics. An adapted questionnaire consisting of 39 items was administered to 300 Polytechnic students from three Polytechnics in Malaysia. In particular, data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with IBM SPSS version 22. The results from this research recommended a typology of six social learning space preferences attributes as a multidimensional construct with its two underlying dimensions: physical preferences and social preferences. The findings can help in redesigning and planning of social academic learning space in tertiary education institutions to enhance education towards 21st Century Education.
Development of a Web-Based Resource for Parents of Young Children Newly Diagnosed With Autism: Participatory Research Design
Authors: Rabba Aspasia Stacey , Dissanayake Cheryl , Barbaro Josephine
Published: July 2020

Background

The internet provides an ideal avenue to share information, advice, and support regarding autism. However, many websites lack quality control and rarely provide a one-stop resource for families to access necessary, evidence-based information.

Objective

This study aims to use participatory action research (PAR) with end users (ie, parents) and clinicians to develop a web-based resource (Pathways Beyond Diagnosis) to improve timely access to quality, evidence-based information, and support for families after their child is diagnosed with autism.

Methods

The PAR approach involves 4 phases: (1) cooperative researcher-stakeholder planning, (2) cooperative researcher-stakeholder–based action, (3) stakeholder observation, and (4) cooperative researcher-stakeholder reflection. A total of 15 participants (parents, n=3; clinicians, n=9; and researchers, n=3) attended individual or group participatory design workshops. This was followed by the translation of knowledge and ideas generated during the workshops to produce mockups of webpages and content, rapid prototyping, and one-on-one consultations with end users to assess the usability of the website developed.

Results

A total of 3 participatory design workshops were held with the participants, each followed by a knowledge translation session. At the end of the PAR cycle, an alpha prototype of the website was built and a series of one-on-one end user consultation sessions were conducted. The PAR cycle revealed the importance of 6 key topic areas (understanding autism, accessing services, support, gaining funding, putting it all together, and looking into the future) associated with the time of diagnosis, which were incorporated into the beta version of the website.

Conclusions

The development of the Pathways Beyond Diagnosis website using PAR ensures that families have ready access to practical and evidence-based information following a young child’s diagnosis. The website guides families to access relevant, reputable, and evidence-based information in addition to summarizing key challenges encountered after diagnosis (ie, grief, sharing the diagnosis) and the importance of self-care.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS OF DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: KUMARI P. V. KAMALA , RAO Y. SRINIVASA
Published: July 2020

Objective: The present study was aimed to develop the formulation and in vitro evaluation of Orodispersible tablets by wet granulation method using Donepezil HCl as a model drug to enhance patient compliance.

Methods: In the wet granulation method, a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were used along with superdisintegrants, i.e., croscarmellose sodium and crospovidone. The prepared granules were subjected to both pre and post-compression evaluation parameters including; FTIR spectroscopy, micromeritics properties, tablet weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, disintegration time and in vitro drug release.

Results: FTIR studies indicated that there was nointeraction between the drug and the excipients used. The formulation containing high concentration of crospovidone and mixture as the best formulation F2 based on in vitro drug release characteristics of tablet formulation.

Conclusion: The results of this work suggested that orodispersible tablets of Donepezil hydrochloride with rapid disintegration time, fast drug release and good hardness can be efficiently and successfully formulated by wet granulation method.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTI-ACNE GEL CONTAINING MURRAYA KOEINIGII EXTRACT
Authors: ROY SWARNALI , BOSE SANKHADIP , SARKAR DHRUBAJYOTI , MANDAL SANJIT , SARKAR SIPRA , MANDAL SUDIP KUMAR
Published: July 2020

Objective: Acne, one among the very fashionable socially distressing skin conditions created by Propionibacterium acne have generally been treated by antibiotics. Within the light of the growing threat of antibiotic resistance, natural plant products are applied as a safer alternative. Keeping the very fact in the background, during this research work, the formulation of gel from the extracts of Murraya koeinigii leaves are prepared and evaluated as an anti-acne drug.

Methods: The fresh leaf extracts were subjected to phytochemical and antimicrobial screening. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) decided. Gel formulation of the extracts was developed and evaluated. The manufactured formulations were subjected to In vitro antibacterial activity against P. acnes, S. epidermidis and S. aureus. The marker compound, clindamycin, in herbal anti-acne preparation, was kept for the comparison with the zones of inhibition for antibacterial activity.

Results: Anti-acne property was explored with the help of a standard curve and by comparing diffusion profiles by taking clindamycin as a reference.

Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that addition of permeation enhancer in the test formulation will improve the diffusion profile and thus it was designed to add permeation enhancer.
CORRELATION BETWEEN ESTRADIOL SERUM LEVELS WITH XEROSTOMIA INVENTORY SCORE ON MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: PARINDA ISTIA ASRI , SIREGAR MUHAMMAD FIDEL GANIS , HARTONO HANUDSE , SITEPU MAKMUR , MUNTHE INDRA G. , EDIANTO DERI , EYANOER PUTRI C.
Published: July 2020

Objective: Menopause is a condition of permanent cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months. This occurs due to the loss of follicular ovarian activity so that estrogen levels decrease in the body. Menopause can occur at various ages, where the average age of menopause is 51-55 y. Menopause can affect oral tissues as well as other organ systems and cause xerostomia. Some of the symptoms of xerostomia include burning feelings, taste abnormalities, dysarthria, dysphagia, dysgeusia, and halitosis.

Methods: This study uses a case series design to assess the correlation between estradiol levels and the incidence of xerostomia in menopausal women. The incidence of xerostomia using the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) Score. This research was conducted in several places, namely H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan and the hospital network of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatra Utara. The study population was all postmenopausal women at the H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan and the Obgyn FK USU network hospital that met the study inclusion-exclusion criteria. This research was conducted in February with a minimum sample of 38 people.

Results: In this study, 38 samples were obtained. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the most age groups were in the range of 56-60 y, the duration of menopause in the 5-10 y group, and the highest Body Mass Index (BMI) was obesity. The mean value of estradiol in menopausal women was 23.61±8.37 pg/ml; the mean value of XI score in menopausal women was 24.29±9.44. The correlation of estradiol levels and XI scores in menopausal women is a strong negative correlation that is-0.651 (p value<0.05). Correlation value of XI score and obesity in menopausal women is a low positive correlation with r = 0.342 (p value<0.05) while the value of correlation XI score with menopausal women who are not obese is a strong positive correlation with r = 0.793 (p value<0, 05).

Conclusion: Changes in the oral cavity are caused by aging and hypoestrogenism. The mean age of postmenopausal women was 56.98±4.35, with a mean BMI of 28.24±4.41. Estradiol levels in menopausal women are lower than women of reproductive age in each phase of the menstrual cycle. Significant reduction in estrogen production during menopause causes a decrease in salivary flow, leading to hyposalivation and symptoms of xerostomia.
Teknik penguatan positif untuk anak dengan keterbatasan intelektual
Authors: Setiawati Dian Nur Andriani Eka
Published: July 2020

Intelektual disabilitas (ID) adalah gangguan pada masa perkembangan anak dari sisi akademik dan keterampilannya dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Klien T (P/7 thn), dikeluhkan oleh sekolah kesulitan dalam membaca, berhitung, sulit konsentrasi, kurangnya perawatan diri, kurang mampu memahami perkataan, serta marah dan menangis jika keinginannya tidak dipenuhi. Kedua orang tua klien cenderung memanjakan dan tidak memberikan perhatian lebih dalam akademik karena ayah klien yang bekerja dan ibu klien yang juga kesulitan dalam akademik. Metode wawancara, observasi, pemberian alat tes Binet serta Vineland Social Maturity Scale diberikan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecerdasan dan kemampuan klien. Hasil asesmen menunjukan IQ klien yaitu 64 termasuk kategori mild retardation mental dalam tes binet, dan memiliki kemandirian serta kemampuan yang rendah dalam tes vineland. Untuk itu pemberian intervensi dalam bentuk penguatan positif diberikan agar klien memiliki keterampilan yang mandiri seperti mandi, makan, serta berpakaian sendiri. Intervensi ini diberikan dalam 7 sesi, yang juga memiliki sesi psikoedukasi untuk kedua orang tua klien mengenai keadaan klien dan bagaimana cara memperlakukan klien. Dari hasil intervensi, klien sudah mulai bisa mandi, mengambil makanan, serta berpakaian sendiri. Klien senang mendapatkan pujian dan uang jajan dari kedua orang tuanya karena mampu melakukan tugasnya.
Konseling kelompok Realitas untuk menurunkan stres pada ibu dengan anak berkebutuhan khusus
Authors: Putri Ade Ayu Harisdiane
Published: July 2020

Subjek dalam kasus ini adalah ibu yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus yang berjumlah 5 orang dengan rentangan usia antara 37-56 tahun. Metode asesmen yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi parental stress scale dan subjective units of distress scale . Didapati bahwa Subjek mengalami V15.89 (Z91.89) other personal risk factor dengan permasalahan stress ibu yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus. Hal ini menjadikan kelima anggota kelompok menjadi pesimis dengan masa depan anak, merasa mengeluarkan energi dan waktu yang banyak untuk mendampingi anak berkebutuhan khusus dan kebutuhan lain yang dapat membuat anak lebih baik dalam pelajaran ataupun interaksi dengan orang lain. Intervensi yang diberikan adalah konseling kelompok realitas yang dilakukan selama 6 sesi. Hasil intervensi didapatkan bahwa dengan konseling kelompok realitas dapat menurunkan tingkat stres ibu yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus.
Pembinaan Terhadap Narapidana Lanjut Usia Di Lapas Kelas II A Denpasar
Authors: Pradipta I Wayan Diva Adi , Sukadana I Ketut , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: July 2020

Lembaga Pemasyarakatan merupakan salah satu lembaga yang menegakkan hukum dalam hal pembinaan yang dilakukan terhadap para narapidana dimana segala jenis aturan yang dilakukan di dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 tentang pemasyarakatan. Adapun rumusan masalah yang penulis kemukakan yaitu, (1) Bagaimana proses pembinaan narapidana lanjut usia di Lapas Kelas IIA Denpasar menurut UU No.12 Tahun 1995 Tentang Pemasyarakatan. (2) Apakah upaya penyelesaian terhadap kendala yang dihadapi dalam melakukan pembinaan pada narapidana lanjut usia di Lapas Kelas IIA Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode empiris dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara di lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II A Denpasar yang terletak di daerah Kerobokan Kabupaten Badung. Hasil penelitian di lapangan didapat bahwa di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan yang menampung 1684 narapidana dengan klasifikasi 7 orang narapidana anak, 1663 orang narapidana dewasa serta 14 orang narapidana lansia ini telah memberikan perlakuan khusus kepada narapidana yang sudah lanjut usia karena para narapidana yang sudah lanjut usia tidak memiliki kemampuan yang cukup untuk melakukan segala kegiatan pembinaan yang seharusnya dilakukan, namun tidak ada peraturan khusus yang mengatur secara detail terkait hal tersebut. Memberikan perlakuan khusus  dan membentuk aturan mengenai tata cara pembinaan terhadap narapidana yang sudah lanjut usia merupakan langkah yang wajib dilakukan agar terciptanya proses pembinaan terhadap para narapidana lanjut usia yang sesuai dengan kondisi narapidana lanjut usia itu sendiri.
Pembebanan Hypotek Atas Kapal Laut dalam Perjanjian Kredit Bank
Authors: Prastya Dimas Hadi , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Arini Desak Gd.Dwi
Published: July 2020

Pihak Bank sesaat memberikan atau mnecairkan kredit terhadap biasanya didahului dengan perjanjian yang biasanya disebut draf perjanjian peminjaman. Di dalam perjanjian kredit dicantumkan anggunan, sebagai jaminan saat  melunasi kredit apabila debitur melakukan wanprestasi. Didalam praktek perbankan khususnya masalah perkreditan dikenal adanya berbagai lembaga jaminan yang setiap mempunyai ciri-ciri yang berbeda. Sedangkan dilihat dari obyeknya ada lembaga agunan pemilik obyek barang bergerak dan benda mati. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam tulisan ini adalah 1) Syarat-syarat apa saja yang harus dipenuhi pembebanan hypotek atas kapal laut dalam perjanjian kredit bank? dan 2) Bagaimana tata cara pembebanan hypotek atas kapal laut dalam perjanjian kredit bank? Tipe penelitian yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Penelitian Hukum Empiris yaitu di ambil berdasarkan fakta yang terjadi di lapangan, yang didapatkan melalui penjelasan-penjelasan dari informan dan di pelajari dengan sikap hukum yang nyata atau sesuai dengan kehidupan hidup di masyarakat. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu,1) Syarat  yang harus dipenuhi pembebanan hypotek atas kapal laut dalam perjanjian kredit bank, yaitu Kapal yang telah masuk dan tercap dalam list kapal Indonesia, empunya kapal serta yang menerima hipotek dan atau yang menjadi penerima secara perseorangan atas kuasa kapal (dibuat di hadapan Notaris) mengajukan permohonan kehadapan pemimpin pendaftar dan membuat perjanjian balik nama. 2) tata cara pembebanan hypotek atas kapal laut dalam perjanjian kredit bank pemegang yang terdaftar serta para pencatat balik daftar kapal meninjau kelengkapan administrasi dalam waktu kurang dari 5 (lima) hari terhitung saat dokumen permohonan sudah rangkum. Kapal yang telah masuk list perkapalanm serta kapal lain yang dalam proses dan bagian kapal yang

demikian dapat diberikan hak tanggungan. Seperti bahwa kapal telah dibebani hipotek, maka penerima hipotek diberikan grosse akta hipotek kapal yang mempunyai kekuatan eksekutorial yang sama dengan hasil dari pengadilan yang memiliki kekuatan hokum yang tetap dan tepat.Pemerintah dinas perhubungan perlunya memperketat mengenai dokumen-dokumen mengenai legalitas kapal untuk pembebanan hipoteknya serta sanksi-sanksi akibat dari aturan hipotek untuk kapal laut lebih di tekankan guna mencegah tindakan kesewenang-wenangan dari pihak Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan dalam melakukan pengurusan pembebanan hipotek atas kapal laut.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Anak Sebagai Kurir dalam Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Tantra I Wayan Govinda , Widiantara Made Minggu , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: July 2020

Anak sebagai anugrah Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, merupakan sebuah kebanggan bagi kedua orang tuanya. Namun, dalam menjalani kehidupan sebagai makhluk sosial yang juga saling membutuhkan satu sama lainnya, tidak terlepas dari adanya bentuk persaingan-persaingan yang menimbulkan perbuatan pidana. Keterlibatan seorang anak dalam tindak pidana, saat ini makin mengkhawatirkan. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, permasalahan yang akan di kaji dalam penelitian ini sebagai berikut: 1. Bagaimana pengaturan hukum bagi anak sebagai kurir dalam tindak pidananar kotika? 2. Bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi anak sebagai kurir dalam tindak pidana narkotika? Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Adapun teknik analisis yaitu setelah bahan hukum terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskripsi, setelah semua bahan hukum yang dibutuhkan terpenuhi, dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Batasan umur yang diberikan berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, sebatas usia 12 tahun sampai dengan umur 18 tahun sebagai batas umur dalam pertanggungjawaban pidana. Ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Narkotika belum mengakomodir tentang batasan usia yang dipidana karena hal tindak pidana narkotika. Padahal seorang anak masih belum memiliki kemampuan yang dipersamakan dengan seorang dewasa.
Implikasi Dari Sanksi Administrasi Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (Studi Kasus Pada Samsat Renon Denpasar)
Authors: Dwipayana I Kadek Denny Harta , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: July 2020

Dalam mewujudkan misi pembangunan nasional, salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah Indonesia yakni dengan memaksimalkan sumber dana berupa pajak. Keperluan negara terhadap pajak tidak dapat dilakukan oleh negara kepada warganya (wajib pajak), tetapi harus berdasarkan pada hukum (undang-undang) yang berlaku sehingga negara tidak dikategorikan sebagai negara kekuasaan. Salah satu jenis pajak yang memiliki potensi yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi dan standar kebutuhan sekunder menjadi primer adalah Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor. Permasalahan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Bagaimanakah pengenaan sanksi administrasi terhadap penerimaan pajak kendaraan bermotor di Kantor SAMSAT Renon Denpasar? 2) Bagaimanakah implikasi dari sanksi administrasi terhadap pajak kendaraan bermotor di Kantor SAMSAT Renon Denpasar? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris, dengan sumber data menggunakan pendekatan masalah sosiologis atau yuridis empiris dengan kata lain memecahkan masalah sekunder terlebih dahulu kemudian primer. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Pengenaan sanksi administrasi pajak kendaraan bermotor di kantor SAMSAT Renon Denpasar dapat dikatakan baik, hal ini dilihat dari tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor dalam pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Wajib Pajak sadar atas kewajibannya membayar Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor dan tepat waktu dalam membayar Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor. Implikasi pengenaan sanksi administrasi pajak kendaraan bermotor berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi bahwa dengan adanya sanksi administrasi pajak kendaraan bermotor maka akan meningkatkan kepatuhan wajib pajak kendaraan bermotor sehingga dapat meningkatkan penerimaan pajak kendaraan bermotor.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja yang Melebihi Batas Waktu Kerja di PT. Adi Putra Denpasar
Authors: Ramaputra Ngurah Aldi , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Seputra I Pt Gd
Published: July 2020

Pelanggaran masalah tenaga kerja terkait waktu kerja yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan ini sering terjadi di perusahaan-perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang industri yang sedang melakukan kejar target dalam usaha produksinya. Salah satu perusahaan yang ingin diteliti terkait pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga kerja yang bekerja melebihi batas waktu kerja, yaitu PT. Adi Putra Denpasar merupakan perusahaan furniture yang yang beralamat di Jl. Baypass Ngurah Rai Nomor 852 Pemogan – Denpasar. Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah dapat dirumuskan beberapa permasalahan sebagai berikut (1) Bagaimana pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga kerja yang bekerja melebihi batas waktu kerja pada perusahaan PT. Adi Putra Denpasar? (2) Apa yang menjadi faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga kerja yang bekerja melebihi batas waktu kerja pada perusahaan PT. Adi Putra Denpasar? Jenis penelitian dalam penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah jenis penilitian empiris. Dalam hal data disusun secara sistematis, kemudian dianalisa secara kualitatif sehingga diharapkan mendapatkan gambaran yang jelas dari permasalahan yang dihadapi. Pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja yang melebihi waktu jam kerja di PT. Adi Putra Denpasar, belum sepenuhnya dilakukan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, khususnya terhadap jam kerja lembur yang diterapkan yakni kadang sampai 5 jam, ada pun faktor penghambat yang ditemukan antara lain kurang maksimalnya kinerja pekerja untuk mengerjakan suatu produksi barang dan kurangnya tenaga kerja yang dimiliki saat ini.
Perlindungan Hukum Badan Pengawas Obat Dan Makanan (BPOM) Terhadap Peredaran Produk Jamu Yang Mengandung Bahan Kimia Obat Berbahaya
Authors: Sudewi Ni Kadek Ayu Padmi Ari , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Ujianti Ni Made Puspasutari
Published: July 2020

Keberadaan obat tradisional yang dikenal juga dengan nama jamu tradisional telah sering dikonsumsi dan dipergunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Namun apabila dalam kandungan jamu terdapat kandungan bahan kimia obat dapat dipastikan bahwa jamu tersebut tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi. Hal tersebut menimbulkan keresahan di kalangan masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi jamu sebagai minuman sehar-harinya. Posisi konsumen yang lemah semakin melemah. Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah yang telah diuraikan tersebut diatas. Maka dapat dirumuskan beberapa permasalahan sebagai berikut (1) Bagaimana peran BPOM dalam pengawasan peredaran jamu tradisional yang mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya di masyarakat? (2) Bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat terhadap beredarnya jamu tradisional yang mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen? Mengacu pada perumusan masalah, maka tipe penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan adalah penelitian normatif. Pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh BPOM terhadap peredaran jamu tradisional dilakukan baik terhadap kegiatan produksi dimana produk belum beredar maupun pengawasan terhadap produk yang telah beredar dipasaran. Tujuan hukum dari perlindungan hukum represif adalah untuk menyelesaikan sengketa. Upaya hukum preventif yang dilakukan BPOM dalam pengawasan jamu tradisional dapat berupa pembinaan dan kebijakan peningkatan mutu dengan memberlakukan standardisasi mutu produksi.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Masyarakat di Daerah Pertambangan
Authors: Pradiatmika Putu Putra , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: July 2020

HAM dalam setiap insan masyarakat yang terdapat ataupun terselubung dalam daerah pertambangan, seiring berjalannya proyek tersebut menyebabkan adanya permasalahan-permasalahan yang cukup signifikan akibatnya kurang memaksimalkan SDA di daerah tersebut dan perlu adanya pemenuhan ataupun perlindungan. Dampak-dampak yang membuat risih masyarakat sehingga terjadinya konflik dengan operasi tambang dan perlu adanya penyempurnaan keselarasan didalamnya. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam jurnal ini adalah bagaimana pengaturan perizinan pertambangan di indonesia? dan Bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat di daerah pertambangan?. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pengaturan Perizinan Pertambangan di Indonesia yakni suatu konteks kesepakatan yang harus dilakukan dalam sebelum berjalannya proyek tambang tersebut, seperti halnya izin dalam pertambangan yang terutama meliputi segala bentuk, sistematis, cara/ pemikiran, pengolahan serta program proyek tersebut. Bentuk perlindungan hukum yang bersifat preventif yaitu pemerintah memberikan hak terhadap masyarakat di sekitar tambang dalam upayanya menyelaraskan pengelolaan ataupun pemanfaatan konten-konten SDA yakni mineral dan juga batubara, dengan demikian masyarakat dan perusahan pertambangan dapat bekerjasama dan saling mengawasi. Sedangkan bentuk perlindungan hukum bersifat represif adalah pemberi izin usaha pertambangan mewajibkan bila pertambangan terjadi pada tanah ulayat masyarakat hukum adat.
Fungsi Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Bali dalam Memelihara Ketentraman dan Ketertiban Masyarakat
Authors: Paramartha Putu Gede Indra , Arthanaya I Wayan , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: July 2020

Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja diwilayah Provinsi Bali sangat diperlukan dan dapat dikatakan sebagai salah satu dari aparat penegak hukum. Rumusan masalah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Bagaimanakah Fungsi Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Bali dalam memelihara ketentraman dan Ketertiban Masyarakat;(2) Bagaimanakah strategi Unit Kerja Satpol PP Provinsi Bali dalam mengatasi kendala-kendala dalam melakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Adapun sumber dan jenis bahan penelitian ini adalah Bahan Hukum primer yaitu melihat dari perundang-undangan dan bahan hukum sekunder tulisan para ahli dan hasil para ilmuwan kemudian diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif guna mendapatkan suatu kesimpulan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja (Satpol PP) Provinsi Bali memiliki fungsi memelihara dan menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban dan juga membantu kepala daerah untuk menciptakan suatu kondisi daerah yang tenteram,tertib,dan teratur sehingga penyelenggaraan roda pemerintahan dapat berjalan dengan lancar dan masyarakat dapat melakukan kegiatannya dengan aman. Strategi mengatasi kendala-kendala dalam melakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian diharapkan SATPOL PP selalu berkoordinasi dengan pihak-pihak/ instansi terkait.
PENGARUH MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN PUBLIK TERHADAP LUAS PENGUNGKAPAN ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT
Authors: Gunawan Barbara
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh mekanisme corporate governance dan struktur kepemilikan publik terhadap luas pengungkapan Enterprise Risk Management pada perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (IDX) dan Bursa Efek Malaysia (BM) periode 2015 – 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan memperoleh 183 sampel di Indonesia dan 180 sampel di Malaysia. Alat analisis pada penelitian ini adalah SPSS versi 15.0. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa komisaris independen, reputasi auditor, dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap luas pengungkapan Enterprise Risk Management. Sedangkan Jumlah anggota dewan komisaris dan struktur kepemilikan publik berpengaruh negatif terhadap luas pengungapan Enterprise Risk Management di perusahaan manufaktur Indonesia. hasil analisis komisaris independen, jumlah anggota dewan komisaris, dan reputasi auditor berpengaruh positif terhadap luas pengungkapan Enterprise Risk Management. Sedangkan ukuran perusahaan dan struktur kepemilikan publik berpengaruh negatif terhadap luas pengungkapan Enterprise Risk Management perusahaan manufaktur di Malaysia.
Studi Fenomenologi: Makna Ketidakpatuhan Wajib Pajak Importir
Authors: Pradnyarani Dewi Anak Agung Istri , Mitrawan Dwika Tirta
Published: July 2020

Abstrak Penelitian ini berjudul “Makna Ketidakpatuhan Wajib Pajak Importir” dengan menggunakan Studi Fenomenologi pada wajib pajak importir Surabaya. Tujuannya yaitu untuk mengungkap makna dari wajib pajak importir mengenai ketidakpatuhan dalam hal perpajakan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi fenomenologi dengan paradigma interpretif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian studi fenomenologi adalah data Wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analysis fenomenologi oleh Sanders (1982). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengalaman buruk yang dialami importir terhadap perpajakan dan adanya praktik pajak borongan sebagai wadah untuk meraup keuntungan besar menjadi dua alasan utama mengapa importir tidak patuh. Berawal dari pengalaman buruk yang dialami informan, hingga pada akhirnya menimbulkan kekecewaan dan ketidakpercayaan lagi terhadap oknum yang bekerja di otoritas pajak. Adanya praktik pajak borongan sebagai wadah untuk meraup keuntungan besar juga menjadi alasan utama perilaku ketidakpatuhan importir. Sintesis dari penelitian ini adalah peran pemerindah khususnya DJP sangat berpengaruh untuk menekan ketidakpatuhan wajib pajak importir. Perbaikan system serta perketat system merupakan hal yang tepat untuk menanggulangi ketidakpatuhan.
Studi Deskriptif Manajemen Pengetahuan (Knowledge Management) pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi Multinasional: Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Ericsson
Authors: Handisa Rattahpinnusa , Cserenyes Csaba , Kaur Sahansheel
Published: July 2020

Managing knowledge is a crucial aspect for technological industries, such as telecommunication companies. Thecompanies can gain benefit from employee’s knowledge to improve company services as well as to develop advanced products. In fact,managing knowledge is not easy to do considering organization’s cul- ture. The aim of this paper is to analyze the challenges to applyknowledge managementsystem in a multina- tionaltelecommunicationcompany. Thetypeofthisresearchisstudycase.Datawerecollectedbyinterviewing key persons and it was analyzed by using Miles and Huber Man model. The result shows that capturing tacit knowledgeand developing collaborative environment become challenges for Ericsson to manage knowledge. Mostly,staffs preferto keep theirtacitknowledgeratherthantosharethatknowledge.Thisstudyrecommends todevelopcollaborativeenvironmentbybuildingtrustamongstaffsthroughgroupdiscussion.
Evaluasi Koleksi Bahan Pustaka di Perpustakaan
Authors: Rifauddin Machsun , Nurma Halida A
Published: July 2020

Evaluation of library collections is a mandatory activity that must be done librarian to keep the qualityof collection and existence of the library. The purpose of this study is to explain the efforts made librarians infulfilling the needs of userinformation through collection evaluation in library with ALA standar. This research usesdescriptive qualitative approach using literature study. The results showed that evaluation of library collectioncan be done with two methods. First, centralized method on a collection; by checking lists, bibliographies, andcatalogs, expert opinions (subject specialist), and comparisons of statistical data. Second, the comparison methodwith various collection standards; by analyzing circulation studies, user opinions, analysis of library borrowingbetween libraries, citation studies, on-site usage studies (reading room), and availability of shelf collections.Librarians must evaluate collections periodically to keep the collection quality as user needs.
Bentuk dan Alasan Penggunaan Kata Makian Bahasa Melayu Tamiang di Akademi Komunitas Negeri Aceh Tamiang
Authors: Firdaus M.
Published: July 2020

This research aims to describe Form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swears word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy. Swear words are often used to pout other people or express resentment so that it feels far from national ethics and culture. the researcher used sociolinguistic studies to approach the phenomenon. The researcher attempts to associate the choice of variety and variations of swear words to find the form and the reasons of use swear word  at the student level. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research methods, this means, the researcher attempted to present data on the use of swear words to students using in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion.This study concludes that there are differences in form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swear word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy.This research aims to describe Form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swears word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy. Swear words are often used to pout other people or express resentment so that it feels far from national ethics and culture. the researcher used sociolinguistic studies to approach the phenomenon. The researcher attempts to associate the choice of variety and variations of swear words to find the form and the reasons of use swear word  at the student level. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research methods, this means, the researcher attempted to present data on the use of swear words to students using in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion.This study concludes that there are differences in form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swear word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy.
Peran Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Aceh dalam Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstrusi Pembangunan Perpustakaan Pasca Tsunami Aceh
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: July 2020

At the end of the year, December 26, 2004, the world was shocked by a tectonic earthquake and tsunami wave in Aceh province with 8.9 magnitude on the Richter Scale. It destroyed almost all of aspects, including psychological, social, cultural, economic, and infrastructure. The Archives and Library Agency of Aceh were also devastated by the tsunami tantrums, even though the library was not badly damaged. There is a lot of infrastructure reconstruction in Aceh, including the agency of the Archives and Library which carries out reconstruction and rehabilitation actions. It is hoped that the Aceh National Archives and Library Board will be able to get up and running as usual after the tsunami, although it takes time to realize these desires. This was clearly supported by the government through the reconstruction regulation of the Aceh Library building. This study aims to examine the extent of the role of National Archives and Library to carry out initial library revitalization to support the recovery effort. Although this study only provides an initial estimate of damage which is a natural indication. Indications are generally serious effects like an impact on the recovery of various sectors. The result from Interviews conducted by researchers was found that the development of library and maintenance infrastructure cannot be done alone, but they must build the cooperation each institutions, both by government agencies (central and regional), NGOs (local and abroad), as well as international organizations and other countries.
DA'WAH EXPERIENCE, SPIRITUAL, AND ECONOMIC RESILIENCE OF JAMAAH TABLIGH IN LANGSA ACEH
Authors: Dayyan Muhammad , Mardhiah Ainun , Sembiring Masdalifah
Published: July 2020

This article examines the experience of da'wah, spirituality and economic resilience of jamaah tabligh in Langsa City. Jamaah Tabligh is a community that consistently carries out its da'wah to invite people to worship Allah Almighty by praying in congregation in mosques. The method of da'wah is done in the form of going to people's homes, traveling out of the area where they live by leaving their families in between two days, a week or even 40 days known as khuruj. Through observation of da'wah activities and family conditions, interviews with 5 males and 5 female jamaah tabligh families and one focus group discussion found that da'wah experiences, spiritual experiences and economic resilience of the jamaah tabligh families. That da'wah experiences face a number of challenges in the form of rejection and expulsion from the community faced calmly and patiently. The spiritual experience of increasing the sense of faith in the form of belief in the mercy of Allah has had an impact on the tranquility of the life of the family of the congregation. In terms of family economic resilience by the standards of dharuriyah and hajjiyah it has been fulfilled through savings, assistance from other jamaah members and side jobs by the wife of the jamaah.
HEART, HEAD AND HAND: THEOLOGY AND BATIK INDUSTRY IN NATION BUILDING FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRY
Authors: Khanafi Imam , Susminingsih Susminingsih
Published: July 2020

This paper focuses on analyzing the implementation of theology in the batik industry in the process of nation building in Indonesia as a developing country. Religion becomes a code of conduct for the Indonesians. This research has a question how theology which has noble values for humanity, makes the batik industry more meaningful, boarderless and cross culture by involving various ethnicities and interfaith; Javanese, Arabic and Chinese, Muslim and non-Muslim. This study uses qualitative methods to draw data and analyze it descriptively-philosophically-sociologically. Observation, interview and documentation are the data collection techniques from primary and secondary sources. This study found that 1) theology and industry actually have a symbiotic relationship to show their respective roles in industry profiles aimed at increasing humanity, 2) through theology, the Pekalongan batik industry has changed the way humans view the meaning of work, that through theology, actors the batik industry has in fact moved their hearts, minds and deeds in creating working relationships, motives and environments both the surrounding community and the nation and country, 3) nation building in Indonesia as a developing country has unique characteristics, because the Indonesian people have a variety of cultures that are closely related with spirituality values.
جهود العلماء في نشر الوسطية والاعتدال قديما وحديثا وجهود علماء جنوب شرق آسيا خاصة
Authors: Kalash Omar
Published: July 2020

The religious moderation adhered to by Muslims is based on following the religion of Islam, which calls for righteousness, mercy and justice in words, deeds and beliefs. The method of Talaqqi in which Muslim scholars whether Salaf or Khalaf used a long time ago has contributed in spreading moderation. This method was one of the most important things Muslim scholars used to combat the spread of extremist ideas and to preserve Islamic heritage science for the following generations. This method is also used by south east Asia scholars, but in this era it is facing many challenges because of extremists who wants to destroy this method in order to open the way for themselves to spread new extremist ideas and false doctrines that are contrary to the believes of true Salaf and Khalaf. Therefore we have to adhere to the method of Talaqqi to maintain moderation.