bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research and stakeholders: Bathynellidae (Bathynellacea, Crustacea) case studies in mining areas. New genera from Australia and the enigma of the “cosmopolitan” Bathynella genus
Authors: Perina Giulia , Camacho Ana , Huey Joel , Koenders Annette , Horwitz Pierre
Published: September 2018

It seems obvious to say that research can provide benefits to multiple stakeholders and that stakeholder involvement is more often than not essential for research to proceed. Concrete examples of these mutual dependencies are valuable, where industry, government agencies and biological studies increase each others’ potential and efficiencies.

In the past 20 years the number of subterranean taxa discovered in Australia, especially in the Pilbara bioregion, has increased consistently thanks to environmental and biological surveys, often associated with mining development, but the investment on research needed to understand this vast biodiversity is far from what is required.

The family Bathynellidae (Crustacea) occur in most Australian aquifers, but collecting them is not simple and their study and identification are very difficult due to their small and fragile bodies and their conservative morphology. Additionally, the poor and incomplete description of the type genus and species of this family (Bathynella natans Vejdovsky, 1882) have led to the assignment of many species occurring around the world, including Australia, to this genus. The taxonomic framework is therefore not well defined and their biodiversity and distribution assessments needed by government agencies become challenging. This research started with a collaboration with different environmental consultants who provided a conspicuous number of specimens collected through several years, which allowed an accurate analysis of specific aquifers. Studies of Bathynellidae populations occurring in different areas produced results useful to inform mining companies on species distribution and groundwater connectivity, underling the importance of cooperation among stakeholders. Morphological and molecular data reveal new genera and species with fascinating relationships, and the collection of some fresh material from type localities belonging to Bathynella clarifies the position of this “cosmopolitan” genus.

This example demonstrates (again) the value of research as both underpinning, and supplementing, existing knowledge to improve the management and monitoring of the delicate subterranean environment and its resources.
The genus Coprinellus (Basidiomycota; Agaricales) in Pakistan with the description of four new species
Authors: Hussain Shah , Usman Muhammad , Afshan Najam-ul-Sehar , Ahmad Habib , Khan Junaid , Khalid Abdul Nasir
Published: September 2018

Mushrooms with a thin-fleshed pileus that becomes plicate on opening, deliquescent lamellae and dark brown to blackish basidiospores are commonly called coprinoid mushrooms. The genusCoprinellusis one of the important lineages of coprinoid mushroom in the family Psathyrellaceae. Species-level taxonomy inCoprinellusis based mainly on the presence or absence and the structure of veil and cystidia on the pileus, of cystidia on the lamellae and on basidiospore morphology. In this study, four new species ofCoprinellus(Co.campanulatus,Co.disseminatus-similis,Co.pakistanicusandCo.tenuis) are described from Pakistan. Species descriptions are based on morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuc rDNA ITS region show that the new speciesCo.campanulatusandCo.disseminatus-similisare clustered in a clade including members of section Micacei;Co.tenuisfalls in a clade with members of section Domestici; andCo.pakistanicusrecovered in a separate clade adjacent to other recently described clades of genusCoprinellus. Morpho-anatomical descriptions of the new species and comparison with closely allied taxa are provided. With this study, the number of known species ofCoprinellusin Pakistan has reached eight.
Puccinia modiolae in North America: distribution and natural host range
Authors: Aime M. Catherine , Abbasi Mehrdad
Published: September 2018

Pucciniamodiolae, a rust fungus pathogen of Carolina bristlemallow, Modiolacaroliniana (Malvaceae), is newly reported from North America, appears to be well established along the Gulf coast and is likely to have been introduced from South America. Its taxonomy, distribution and natural host range are discussed and a lectotype designated for this species. Malvasylvestris and Alcearosea are reported as new hosts for the rust. Additional new records for Malvaceae rusts are made for P.modiolae on Alcearosea from Brazil, P.heterospora on Herissantiacrispa in Florida and P.heterogenea on Malva sp. in Peru. Finally, an identification key for the microcyclic Puccinia species on members of Malvaceae in North America is provided.
Morphological and molecular (28S rRNA) data of monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) infecting the gill lamellae of marine fishes in the Campeche Bank, southwest Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Mendoza-Franco Edgar F. , Rosado Tun Mariela del Carmen , Duarte Anchevida Allan de Jesús , del Rio Rodríguez Rodolfo E.
Published: September 2018

During the examination of 913 fish specimens belonging to four families in the Campeche Bank (Gulf of Mexico), 23 gill ectoparasitic monogenean species were found, which belong to three families: Dactylogyridae, Microcotylidae and Diclidophoridae. The speciesEuryhaliotremaamydrum,E.carbuncularium,E.dunlapae,E.fajeravilae,E.fastigatum,E.longibaculum,E.paracanthi,E.tubocirrus,Haliotrematoidescornigerum,H.gracilihamus,H.heteracantha,H.longihamus,H.magnigastrohamus,H.striatohamus,Hamatopedunculariabagre,Neotetraonchusbravohollisae, andN.felis(all Dactylogyridae) were found on the hostsLutjanussynagris,L.griseus,Ariopsisfelis,Bagremarinus,Archosargusrhomboidalis, andHaemulonplumieri. Additionally,Microcotylearchosargi,Microcotylesp., andMicrocotyloidesincisa(all Microcotylidae) were found onL.griseusandA.rhomboidalis; finally,Choricotylesp. 1,Choricotylesp. 2, andChoricotylesp. 3 (all Diclidophoridae) were found onH.plumieri. The prevalence, abundance, mean intensity of infection, and supplementary taxonomic revisions for all monogeneans found are provided. Partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene were also obtained for monogeneans of ariid, sparid, and haemulid host fishes to explore their systematic position within the Monogenea. New locality and host records for some previously described species ofEuryhaliotrema,Hamatopeduncularia,Microcotyle, andChoricotylefrom lutjanid, ariid, sparid, and haemulid hosts were reported. The present study adds evidence supporting the interoceanic occurrence of the same monogenean species (on lutjanids) on the west-east Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (= amphiamerican species). As previously suggested, there are at least, two possibilities to explain that parasite distribution: differentiation of morphological features in these monogeneans have resulted in only slight to insignificant morphological changes developing over the extended period of 3.2 mya (when the Isthmus of Panama was closing) and/or speciation is only evident at molecular level.
Lire La Solitude de Sorel : une propédeutique en action
Authors: Roux Olivier
Published: September 2018

La Solitude et l’Amour philosophique de Cléomède de Sorel, publiée en 1640, est un roman allégorique dont certaines parties retranscrivent dans une fiction onirique le contenu savant de La Science universelle du même auteur. L’étude présentée se propose d’analyser en quoi la lecture du roman peut agir sur l’esprit de son lecteur de façon à le préparer à accepter la démarche mais aussi le contenu de l’encyclopédie sorélienne, tous deux marqués par une hétérodoxie baroque et libertine. L’identification aux personnages et l’assimilation de la structure de leur parcours apparaissent comme les opérations mentales permettant à Sorel de modifier l’esprit de son lecteur.
La minéralogie au féminin : la transmission du savoir chez Martine de Bertereau
Authors: Spavin Richard
Published: September 2018

Les raisons derrière l’enfermement de Martine de Bertereau, baronne minéralogiste du xvii e  siècle, sont mystérieuses. Si elle est emprisonnée après la rédaction de son opuscule, La Restitution de Pluton (1640), qu’elle écrit pour vanter les richesses minières de la France, mon hypothèse est que le vrai scandale se trouve enfoui sous les nombreuses listes de minerais, démonstrations astrologiques et apostrophes flagorneuses qu’elle adresse au cardinal de Richelieu. Celles-ci participent d’une stratégie d’aveugler par la science au profit du fameux « droit de dixième ». Les éléments occultistes du texte ainsi que sa rhétorique au féminin contribuent tous deux à un « self-fashioning » de la femme scientifique qui cherche à exploiter les privilèges et les droits de l’État mercantile.
Per se resurgens  : Claude Mellan, au cœur de la polémique trinitaire du xvii e  siècle
Authors: Saracino Francesco
Published: September 2018

La Résurrection gravée en 1683 par Claude Mellan s’accompagne d’une légende qui conduit à rechercher les motivations idéologiques de l’image. Le texte per se resurgens ne reproduit pas un passage biblique mais est une allusion synthétique à un débat sur la résurrection du Messie qui s’était déjà produit aux premiers siècles et qui, à l’époque de Mellan, devint d’actualité dans le contexte des discussions trinitaires qui ébranlaient les théologiens des confessions chrétiennes. Cette étude reconstruit le problème théologique qui sous-tend l’un des chefs-d’œuvre de l’art graphique du xvii e  siècle.
Influence of bagasse ash with different fineness on alkali-silica reactivity of mortar
Authors: Ramjan S. , Tangchirapat W. , Jaturapitakkul C.
Published: September 2018

This research aimed to study the effect of finenesses of bagasse ash (BGA) on the alkali-silica reaction of mortar. The BGA sample was ground to have particles retained on a sieve No. 325 of 33±1% and 5±1% by weight. Ground BGA samples were used separately to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC) at rates of 10, 20, 30 and 40% by weight of binder to cast mortars. The compressive strengths and the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) of mortars were investigated. The results showed that a large particle size of BGA is not suitable for use in lowering ASR because it results in a low compressive strength and high expansion due to ASR. The mortars containing BGA with higher fineness exhibited higher compressive strength and lower expansion due to ASR than the mortars containing BGA with lower fineness. The results also suggested that the ground BGA retained on a sieve No. 325 of less than 5% by weight is suitable to be used as a good pozzolan which provides high compressive strength and reduces the expansion of mortar due to ASR even though it contains high LOI. The obtained results also encourage the utilization of ground BGA effectively which leads to reduce the disposal of bagasse ash.
Analysing the Relationship Between Personal Time Discounting Factors and Risk Related Behaviour
Authors: Tigau Horia Daniel
Published: September 2018

Time discounting factors represent a widely-discussed subject in economics. Several methods are employed in order to collect data on discounting behavior; one of the most popular, also used in this article, is Kirby's Monetary Choice Questionnaire (MCQ). The binary responses in the questionnaire are then processed in order to estimate the k parameters of delay discounting. Two methods of estimation are compared and evaluated – Kaplan's Autoscorer and Wileyto's Logistic Regression Model. Rohrmann's Risk Orientation Questionnaire uses participants' responses to quantify the manifestation of risk related behaviors. In the final analysis of this article, the logistic regression estimates of k and the risk orientation factors are taken into consideration, together with demographic variables, to check for correlations and trends. There were no significant links found between risk orientation and time-discounting. However, there were several significant results at demographic level – for example, a positive correlation of 0.166 between risk aversion and income level during childhood (p = 0.02).
Fall Detection Depth-Based Using Tilt Angle and Shape Deformation
Authors: Merrouche Fairouz , Baha Nadia
Published: September 2018

The population of elderly people is in growth. Falls risk their life, to disabilities, and to fears. Automatic fall detection systems provide them secure living; helping them to be independent at home. Computer vision offers efficient systems over many developed systems. In this article, the authors propose a new vision-based fall detection using depth camera. It combines human shape analysis, centroid detection and motion where it exploits the 3D information provided by a Kinect to compute the tilt angle to discriminate falls. Experimental tests were done with SDUFall dataset that contains 20 subjects performing five daily activities and falls, demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed system, and show that our method is promising achieving satisfactory results up to 84.66%.
Multi Orientation Text Detection in Natural Imagery
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Singh Ramandeep
Published: September 2018

Constant advancement and growth in digital technology is swiftly changing the scenario of text detection from hard copy images to natural images. An in-depth study of the previous research work reveals that though a lot of research work has been done on text detection and recognition in natural scene images, but most of the researchers have concluded their survey either on a horizontal or near to horizontal texts. Their survey somewhat speaks about multi-orientation text detection, but the curved text detection in natural images escaped their attention. It has necessitated exploration on the vital aspect of text detection field where detailed study of horizontal, near to horizontal, multi-orientation, and curved text finds a place in a single cover. To achieve this goal, the present study will focus on fundamental understanding, existing challenges, and the proven algorithms for text detection in natural images. The authors discuss the future perspective of recent advances in text detection in natural images with various benchmark datasets and performance metrics.
Residual Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Half-Pixel Multi-Hypothesis Prediction for Distributed Compressive Video Sensing
Authors: Tong Ying , Chen Rui , Yang Jie , Wu Minghu
Published: September 2018

Compressed sensing (CS) provides a method to sample and reconstruct sparse signals far below the Nyquist sampling rate, which has great potential in image/video acquisition and processing. In order to fully exploit the spatial and temporal characteristics of video frame and the coherence between successive frames, we propose a half-pixel interpolation based residual reconstruction method for distributed compressive video sensing (DCVS). At the decoding end, half-pixel interpolation and bi-directional motion estimation helps refine the side information for joint decoding of the non-key-frames. We apply a multi-hypothesis based on residual reconstruction algorithms to reconstruct the non-key-frames. Performance analysis and simulation experiments show that the quality of side information generated by the proposed algorithm is increased by about 1.5dB, with video reconstruction quality increased 0.3~2dB in PSNR, when compared with prior works on DCVS.
Reversible Data Hiding for Encrypted Image Based on Interpolation Error Expansion
Authors: Di Fuqiang , Zhang Minqing , Zhang Yingnan , Liu Jia
Published: September 2018

A novel reversible data hiding algorithm for encrypted image based on interpolation error expansion is proposed. The proposed method is an improved version of Shiu' s. His work does not make full use of the correlation of the neighbor pixels and some additional side information is needed. The proposed method adopts the interpolation prediction method to fully exploit the pixel correlation and employ the Paillier public key encryption method. The algorithm is reversible. In the proposed method, less side information is demanded. The experiment has verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, and the better embedding performance can be obtained, compared with some existing RDHEI-P methods. Specifically, the final embedding capacity can be up to 0.74 bpp (bit per pixel), while the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) for the marked image Lena is 35 dB. This is significantly higher than Shiu's method which is about 0.5 bpp.
Mobility-Aware GPCR-MA for Vehicular Ad hoc Routing Protocol for Highways Scenario
Authors: Hussain Naziya , Maheshwary Priti , Shukla Piyush Kumar , Singh Anoop
Published: September 2018

Vehicular ad hoc network systems are highly important experiments because of enthusiastically exchanging information and symmetric relations of systems. The best transmitting device supports a successful arrangement of networks. This article presents GPCR-MA mobility aware routing protocol concepts based on the Gauss Markov Mobility and Freeway Model. This concept is applied on highway networks because highways have a number of road segment and junctions. The performance of this experiment is verified based on the QoS parameter performance between of the mobility model, which is presented based on their mathematical modeling and simulation structure. After comparing the mobility model based on the parameters: network delay, energy consumption, average throughput and packet delivery ratio, a Freeway mobility model is better in terms of network delay and packet delivery ratio and Gauss Markov model, is better in terms of throughput because it works on broken links in the network, based on rapidly changes in simulation time and increased network traffic length.
Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Wang Liuxi
Published: September 2018

In recent decades, the study of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become one of the most popular research topics. In the markets of China, CSR has also attracted much attention from either local corporations or multi-national business. They have contributed many efforts to put CSR into effect, which helps CSR to be more practical and influential. By reviewing existing literature, this article mainly focuses on the environmental problems caused by lack of corporate social responsibility in China, which has led to the following research on CSR performance in China and customer view of CSR. The conditions of practicing CSR in China are researched first, and the attitudes of people towards CSR is tested empirically by a questionnaire using quantitative and qualitative research methods. Ultimately, the valid results collected were analyzed in detail along with a few suggestions. This article may help identify some surrounding problems of CSR and advance CSR practice slightly.
Emotional Acumen on the Propensity of Graduating Technology Students to Whistle-Blow About Organizational Cyber Security Breaches
Authors: Bhargava Nimisha , Madala Mani Kumari , Burrell Darrell Norman
Published: September 2018

Emotional acumen is relatively a new concept compared to the other decision-making variables in the existing literature. Comprehending the procedure in which the individuals captivate themselves in ethical decision-making and the factors stimulating this procedure may be imperative for burgeoning more efficient education for ethics. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission issued new guidance calling on public companies to be more forthcoming when disclosing nature and scope of cybersecurity breaches. The statement also warns that corporate insiders must not trade shares when they have information about cybersecurity issues that is not public yet. Understanding the emotional underpinnings is critical to guiding how individuals deal with the complex nature of morally infused predicaments, their awareness of the moral dilemma, judgments about the potential consequences and their intention to act or propensity to whistle-blow related to cybersecurity breaches are significantly affected by the emotional acumen.
Factors Affecting Use of Social Media by University Students: a Study at Wuhan University of China
Authors: Athukorala A. W. V.
Published: September 2018

Social media platforms are very common in modern education system everywhere, especially in Chinese universities. The purpose of this paper was to identify the behavior of use of social media by students at Wuhan University in China. In order to investigate the concerns of students in using social media in relation to personal context, the study was carried out. Major concerns of students in using social media can be categorized into two types of phenomena; socio-economic factors and demographic factors. Accordingly, the research focused on eight socio-economic and political factors related to the use of social media and factors are affecting international students’ and   local students’ cognition of social media. Random sampling methods was utilized for selecting the participants. The questionnaires were distributed among international and local students and 425 responses were received. The 216 international students and 209 Chinese students responded with an effective recovery rate of 86.4% and 83.6%, respectively from each group. The results of the current study endorse a number of previous studies which examine different influencing factors in the use of social media. The research found that there is a huge impact of affecting factors on the use of social media by local as well as international students. Although, all factors mentioned; legal risk etc. seem to have affected both groups of students very effectively. Some factors seemed prominent among local students and some others seemed prominent among international students. On the whole, it was proved by the result that there was a significant influence of all factors on the use of social media. The main concerns in using social media are privacy and convenience. On the contrary, copyright and legal issues are often ignored by both international and local students. The level of concern is affected by the number of years of living abroad, local language proficiency, study level and experience. Among the variables, social media experience obviously inflecting the levels of all related influencing factors. As international students and local students depend heavily on social media for their learning, research needs as well as their daily life in today's digital environment, it is important for university administrators to integrate media literacy education into academic training and professional development programs for both international students and faculty.
Students’ Perception towards the Library User Education Programmes of the University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka: A Case Study
Authors: Punchihewa C. N. D. , Kiriella K. G. A. P. , Kumara A. D. B. , Kodikara Ruvini C.
Published: September 2018

Library, University of Moratuwa has identified the importance of acquiring the user perception on different user education programmes offered by the library.  The objective of this case study was to assess the students’ perception and examine the impact of the user education programmes conducted. 'Library Orientation and Tour', 'Information for Research', 'Research and Plagiarism' and 'How to do Referencing' are the library user education programmes considered in this study.  The participants were the undergraduate and postgraduate students, who have participated in the library user education programmes during 2014-2015. A user survey method was adopted in this study. Considering the size of the student group, 30% of the total population (188) randomly selected for the study and online structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Results revealed that library user education programmes helped 98.7% of the students to obtain the awareness of library resources and services.  In addition, more than 98% of the students claimed that library user education programmes support for their academic works. The study also highlighted the importance of continuing the library user education programmes in building research skills among the students to develop the research culture in the university.
Digitizing the Ceylon Collections: A Case Study of the Library, Eastern University, Sri Lanka
Authors: Navirathan Gayathiri , Jeyakananthan Mariapillaii
Published: September 2018

The digitization is a tactical way of preservation and it becomes an ultimate need to preserve and conserve a record for future use. Even though, the digital preservation is indeed a very challenging task for the library of Eastern University, Sri Lanka (EUSL library) and the digitization process has become a practical necessity in this digital era. Hence, the study describes an initiation towards digitization in order to preserve the precious Ceylon Collections of EUSL library which endures the value and importance of Ceylon Collections for the benefit of various users and also to avoid those collections remain ambiguous and hidden. The current research design is a case study and the research instruments such as observation and focus group interview were used. The DSpace open source software was selected for the digitization processes. The focus group interview was conducted to explore the current usage and expectation of the users and it revealed that the Ceylon Collections services are very essential for users. The study was initiated by two professionals (who are also the authors of this paper) without proper training on functioning and technicalities of DSpace. With testing server, researchers could successfully implement the digital collection and today its collection is totaling to 2000 items. Through digitization, the Ceylon Collections move to a much broader audience and therefore the Ceylon Collections could be accessed significantly through the web and preserved for future generations. Even though, there were challenges during digitization process the work has been completed successfully and the digitized Ceylon Collections could be maintained as a digital repository of Ceylon Collections which are capable to access through the library website. Thus, every user would able to access those Ceylon Collections.
Top Fifty Highly Cited Publications on the Internet of Things
Authors: Jayasekara P. K. , Abu K. S.
Published: September 2018

The present study aimed at analyzing the publication pattern of highly cited research publications of Internet of Things. Web of Science citation database was used to extract data for the study. The top fifty highly cited publications were considered as the sample of this study. The data were analyzed based on publication year, document type, source title, time cited, usage count, authorship pattern, collaborative coefficient, research collaboration, and research areas. The findings revealed that majority of the publications were research articles and most of them were published in IEEE journals. Research articles written by multiple authors were more prominent than single-author publications. Researchers from USA and China preferred collaborative research and researchers from Italy preferred non-international collaborative research. The researchers from developed western countries are highly engaging with research in Internet of Things. The most popular research areas under Internet of Things are computer science and telecommunication.
Drinking Water Quality on Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Aetiology (CKDu) in Ulagalla Cascade, Sri Lanka
Authors: Wanasinghe W. C. S. , Gunarathna M. H. J. P. , Herath H. M. P. I. K. , Jayasinghe G. Y.
Published: September 2018

Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) is one of the major health issues in Northern part of Sri Lanka that recorded highest mortality and morbidity rates. The main responsible reason for the CKDu has not yet been identied and hence many scientists have suggested number of certain risk factors where the CKDu-mfo (CKDu multi-factorial origin) term derived. However it relates with certain drinking water quality parameters strongly. This study was focused on evaluating the drinking water quality of Ulagalla cascade in Anuradhapura district with admiration to CKDu. Thirty wells and twenty tanks were selected as sampling locations for groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) respectively from the cascade. Water quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, Sodium (Na+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Calcium (Ca2+), Potassium (K+), Arsenic (As2+), Lead (Pb2+), Cadmium (Cd2+), Ammonium Nitrogen (NH4+-N), Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3 - -N), alkalinity, Sulphate (SO4 2-, Chloride (Cl-) and Phosphate (PO43-) were analysed and observed parameters were compared with drinking water quality standards. In GW turbidity, Mg, Cl- and Cd were not signicantly dierent from the maximum permissible level (p>0.05) while SW has shown signicant dierence only for the turbidity (p>0.05). Both well and tank water samples from Thodamaduwa were polluted by Cd which exceeded the maximum permissible level standards. It was recorded as averages of 0.15, 0.13 and 0.019 ppb for 3 identied polluted wells in GW and 0.01ppb in tank water. Accordingly the study it can be suggested that cumulative levels of heavy metals (such as Cd) may be aggravating the CKDu in the Northern Central Parts in Sri Lanka.
Median arcuate ligament syndrome, a rare case of chronic abdominal pain
Authors: Puccia Fania , Citarrella Roberto , Montalto Filippo Alessandro , Mirarchi Luigi , Terranova Antonino , Serruto Antonietta , Citarrella Roberto , Lo Re Giuseppe , Soresi Maurizio
Published: September 2018

The median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare disease characterized by abdominal pain caused by the external compression of the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament. Surgical treatment is indicated, but given the non-specific symptoms, these patients are often hospitalized in the Departments of Internal Medicine where the diagnosis may be unknown. We present a case of MALS admitted to our Internal Medicine Division. An abdominal ultrasound in a woman with longstanding abdominal pain showed elevated celiac artery velocities during forced expiration. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the abdomen showed stenosis of the origin of the celiac artery and confirmed the diagnosis of MALS. MALS is a syndrome that has to be considered, especially in young women with abdominal pain of unclear etiology; evaluated by color Doppler ultrasound, in the presence of elevated hepatic artery velocities during forced expiration, the confirmatory test is CTA.
A decalogue for end-of-life care in Internal Medicine
Authors: Lusiani Luigi , Ballardini Giorgio , Nardi Roberto , Magnani Luigi , Santini Claudio , Pentella Giovanna , Fontanella Andrea
Published: September 2018

Since a large number of patients with chronical medical diseases die in hospital, often in an internal medicine ward, internists are urged to improve their expertise in end-of-life (EOL) care, which is a neglected part of their academic education. Recently, FADOI (the Italian Federation of the Associations Hospital Doctors on Internal Medicine) has addressed EOL-medicine in many ways, promoting many scientific meetings on this and allied topics, providing educational material made available in its website on a free basis and establishing an ad hoc Committee charged with the task of organizing dedicated events annually. The Committee has also elaborated a series of recommendations on EOL-care in internal medicine (a decalogue), reflecting largely shared visions. It has been endorsed also by ANIMO (the Association of the Italian Nurses working in an Internal Medicine Department). The decalogue for EOL care in internal medicine is issued here, and calls for its diffusion and implementation. The driving concept is that doctors and nurses must feel responsible for disregarding appropriate EOL-care for the dying patients, because delaying it means to add suffering and discomfort to them in the final phase of their existence.
Teaching reading to the cerebral palsied child
Authors: Harrison E. M.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Study of European speech
Authors: Weiss L.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
The treatment of the cleft lip and palate patient
Authors: Jacobson A. , Dreyer C. J.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
The initiation of pharyngeal voice and early speech lessons in the laryngectomee
Authors: Bauman S.
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Towards Smart and Sustainable Future Cities Based on Internet of Things for Developing Countries: What Approach for Africa?
Authors: Abdoulaye Barro Pape , Degila Jules , Zennaro Marco , Fosso Wamba Samuel
Published: September 2018

This article aims first at reviewing and discussing previous works on Internet of Things based sustainable smart cities. Secondly, it proposes an ideological and technical framework that better suits communities in future cities. At the same time, we provide a reference model that can generally apply to developing countries and specifically to Africa. This work represents a first step towards future cities and should at the same time constitute a reference base for researchers working on the same topic. Some Indexes have been leveraged to carry out this work.
X and more Parallelism. Integrating LTL-Next into SAT-based Planning with Trajectory Constraints while Allowing for even more Parallelism
Authors: Behnke Gregor , Biundo Susanne
Published: September 2018

Linear temporal logic (LTL) provides expressive means to specify temporally extended goals as well as preferences.Recent research has focussed on compilation techniques, i.e., methods to alter the domain ensuring that every solution adheres to the temporally extended goals.This requires either new actions or an construction that is exponential in the size of the formula.A translation into boolean satisfiability (SAT) on the other hand requires neither.So far only one such encoding exists, which is based on the parallel $\exists$-step encoding for classical planning.We show a connection between it and recently developed compilation techniques for LTL, which may be exploited in the future.The major drawback of the encoding is that it is limited to LTL without the X operator.We show how to integrate X and describe two new encodings, which allow for more parallelism than the original encoding.An empirical evaluation shows that the new encodings outperform the current state-of-the-art encoding.
Case Report: Atypical Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Patient with Mixed Leishmania guyanensis and Leishmania amazonensis Infection
Authors: Gosch Carina Scolari , Resende Bruna Silva , Amorim Célia Bastos , Marques Cálita Pollyanna , Pereira Ledice Inacia de Araújo , Pinto Sebastião Alves , Uliana Silvia Reni Bortolin , Coelho Adriano Cappellazzo , Ribeiro-Dias Fátima , Dorta Miriam Leandro
Published: September 2018

The disseminated form of leishmaniasis is a serious and rare disease, being diagnosed in 2% of the cutaneous cases registered per year in Brazil. The main characteristic is the appearance of multiple pleomorphic lesions on the cutaneous surface. A 68-year-old male from the rural area of Tocantins, Brazil, presented atypical disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). The clinical course and histopathological and immunological findings presented a mixed pattern that hindered diagnosis and therapeutic management. Molecular typing revealed a mixed infection with Leishmania (V.) guyanensis and Leishmania (L.) amazonensis. Molecular identification of the agents responsible for ACL is important for adequate therapeutic planning, minimizing the possibility of sequellae that impact the quality of life of the patient.
Plasmodium vivax Infections in Duffy-Negative Individuals in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Brazeau Nicholas F. , Whitesell Amy N. , Doctor Stephanie M. , Keeler Corinna , Mwandagalirwa Melchior Kashamuka , Tshefu Antoinette K. , Likwela Joris L. , Juliano Jonathan J. , Meshnick Steven R.
Published: September 2018

Although Plasmodium vivax has been assumed to be absent from sub-Saharan Africa because of the protective mutation conferring the Duffy-negative phenotype, recent evidence has suggested that P. vivax cases are prevalent in these regions. We selected 292 dried blood spots from children who participated in the 2013–2014 Demographic and Health Survey of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), to assess for P. vivax infection. Four P. vivax infections were identified by polymerase chain reaction, each in a geographically different survey cluster. Using these as index cases, we tested the remaining 73 samples from the four clusters. With this approach, 10 confirmed cases, three probable cases, and one possible case of P. vivax were identified. Among the 14 P. vivax cases, nine were coinfected with Plasmodium falciparum. All 14 individuals were confirmed to be Duffy-negative by sequencing for the single point mutation in the GATA motif that represses the expression of the Duffy antigen. This finding is consistent with a growing body of literature that suggests that P. vivax can infect Duffy-negative individuals in Africa. Future molecular and sequencing work is needed to understand the relationship of these isolates with other P. vivax samples from Asia and South America and discover variants linked to P. vivax virulence and erythrocyte invasion.
Case Report: Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance is Associated with Loa loa Infection
Authors: Laskar Derek B. , Rose Michael , Gupta Raavi , Tanowitz Herbert B. , Haseeb M. A.
Published: September 2018

A 63-year-old woman who migrated from Nigeria to the United States was found to have an elevated total serum protein, anemia, and eosinophilia. Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and serum protein immunofixation electrophoresis (SPIFE) demonstrated monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) κ restricted bands (IgG 3,820 mg/dL; κ/λ ratio 4.47), indicative of monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS). A rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for malaria was positive for Plasmodium falciparum (BinaxNOW®; Alere Scarborough Inc., Scarborough, ME). Giemsa-stained blood smears were negative for malarial parasites, however, Loa loa microfilariae were identified. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for P. falciparum, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium vivax yielded a negative result. She was treated for loiasis with diethylcarbamazine and received no malaria medication. Treatment resulted in a resolution of the microfilaremia and eosinophilia, a negative RDT for malaria, and marked reduction in the monoclonal gammopathy. This is the first reported human case of MGUS associated with loiasis and its resolution after antiparasitic treatment.
Anscombe, Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret (1919–2001)
Authors: Wiseman Rachael
Published: September 2018

G.E.M. Anscombe (1919–2001) is recognized as one of the most brilliant philosophers of the twentieth century. She is also well known as the translator and editor of Wittgenstein’s later writings, including his Philosophical Investigations. The work Anscombe undertook between 1956 and 1958, during which time she was concerned with the content and foundations of moral philosophy, has been extremely influential in philosophy of action and ethics. Her 1957 monograph, Intention, seeks to give an account of the psychological concepts she thought necessary for moral philosophy to be possible – intention, desire, reason, motive – and is one of the most significant philosophical works on action. Her much anthologized paper ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’ (1958) marks the beginning of the revival of virtue ethics.

Anscombe’s work attempts to recover for a contemporary audience the premodern conception of human nature, action and ethics that is found in the writings of Aristotle and St Thomas Aquinas. Anscombe held that the bifurcation of man into mind and body which arose during the seventeenth century – and replaced the Aristotelian dichotomy of form and matter – had disastrous consequences in the philosophy of psychology and ethics. She subjected concepts along the fault line created by this change – cause, substance, mental event, intention, subject, object, freedom, sensation, self-consciousness – to detailed analysis using the method of grammatical enquiry. This method, learnt from Wittgenstein, involves describing the complex use of language in the context of our human form of life. In Anscombe’s work, this analysis reveals that the picture of the human subject that our Cartesian intellectual inheritance makes intuitive is profoundly mistaken.
Kripke, Saul Aaron (1940–)
Authors: Ahmed Arif
Published: September 2018

Saul Kripke is one of the most influential philosophers to have written on logic, metaphysics, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind in the twentieth century.

In logic, he made an early and seminal contribution to the formal treatment of modality, that is, thoughts and statements about how things might have been or must have been (§2). In metaphysics, his work on modality has also been important, contributing as it did to the revival of the Aristotelian idea that the ways a thing might have been or must be (its contingent and its essential properties) were features of that very thing itself. This was in opposition to the view, prevalent in various forms throughout the first half of the twentieth century, that necessity was always relative to some classification or description of the object (§3). In the philosophy of language, he attacked– – in Naming and Necessity – the Russellian idea that proper names are simply abbreviated descriptions of the things that they name, arguing that instead they can refer directly to things via causal connections of which the users of language might be unaware (§4). Again, in the philosophy of language, his work on Wittgenstein on rule-following evinced what seemed to be a radical and devastating skepticism about the very possibility of the meaningful use of language (§6). And his proposed solution constituted a novel re-interpretation of Wittgenstein’s "private language argument," one that seemed to reveal the essentially social character of language (§8). In the philosophy of mind, he used the semantic machinery developed in Naming and Necessity to revive the long-discredited Cartesian argument against identifying mental and physical states (§5).

Saul Kripke has also written ground-breaking works on the theory of truth (1975), the theory of knowledge (2011), and the semantics of fictional discourse (2013).
Feminist philosophy
Authors: Mason Elinor
Published: September 2018

Feminist philosophy is philosophy that is aimed at understanding and challenging the oppression of women. Feminist philosophy examines issues that are traditionally found in practical ethics and political philosophy, metaphysics, epistemology and philosophy of language. In fact, feminist concerns can appear in almost all areas of traditional philosophy. Feminist philosophy is thus not a kind of philosophy; rather, it is unified by its focus on issues of concern to feminists.

Feminist philosophers question the structures and institutions that regulate our lives. When Mary Wollstonecraft was writing in 1792, the institutions excluded and subordinated women explicitly. Wollstonecraft, as the title of her book (A Vindication of the Rights of Woman) makes clear, was extending the enlightenment idea that men have basic human rights, to women. Wollstonecraft argued that women should not be seen as importantly different from men: there may be differences due to different upbringing, but, Wollstonecraft argues, there is no reason to think men and women differ in important ways, and women should be given the same education and opportunities as men.

What seemed radical in 1792 may not seem radical now. Yet gender inequality persists. Thus philosophers must look beyond the formal rules and laws to the underlying structures that cause and perpetuate oppression. The feminist philosopher is always asking, ‘is there some element of this practice that depends on gender in some way?’ Feminist philosophers examine and critique the way we structure our families and reproduction, the cultural practices we engage in, such as prostitution and pornography, the way we think, and speak and value each other as knowers and thinkers.

In order to examine these issues the feminist philosopher may need an improved conceptual toolbox: we need to understand such complex concepts as intersectionality, false consciousness, and of course, gender itself. Is gender biologically determined – is it something natural and immutable, or is it socially constructed? As Simone de Beauvoir puts it, ‘one is not born, but rather becomes, a woman’. Feminist philosophers tend to argue that gender is all (or mostly) socially constructed, that it is something we invent rather than discover. Gender is nonetheless an important part of our world, and feminist philosophy aims to understand how it works.
Haecceity and thisness
Authors: Ingram David
Published: September 2018

A ‘haecceity’ (from the Latin, haecceitas, which translates literally as ‘thisness’) is a certain kind of property. In broad outline, a thisness is a primitive, particular, nonqualitative property of an individual, i.e. the property of being a specific individual (or, perhaps, the property of being identical with a specific individual). For example, Ruth Barcan Marcus’s thisness is the property being (identical with) Ruth Barcan Marcus, and so on for all individuals. To clarify: although it is typical to see a thisness described as the property of being identical with an individual, it is not merely the property of being self-identical, which all individuals exemplify trivially; it is a special kind of property that is uniquely exemplified by its bearer. And so, for any individual x, since the property being (identical with) x is both uniquely exemplified by x and essential to x, so x’s thisness is a nonqualitative individual essence of x.

The terminology of ‘haecceity’ and ‘thisness’ derives from the work of John Duns Scotus (c.1266–1308) and some of Scotus’s insights and application of thisnesses are still relevant to debates about identity and individuation. This terminology has its roots in the scholastic philosophy of the High Middle Ages and it was revived in contemporary metaphysics by the work of Robert Merrihew Adams in the second half of the 20th century. In addition to the question of what is the metaphysical nature of a thisness, a considerable amount of the debate concerns what thisnesses can do to ‘earn their keep’ in a systematic metaphysics. Some say that accepting an ontology of thisness permits the individuation of qualitatively indiscernible objects or events – with appropriate footnotes to Scotus. Others say that accepting a specific ontology of thisness allows one to defend certain positions in the philosophy of time, i.e. the growing block theory of time, or presentism.

We are concerned here with haecceities (thisnesses) and not ‘haecceitism’, the view that a world could not be nonqualitatively different without a qualitative difference.