bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping heavy mineral deposits on the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) using orbital and proximal remote sensing
Authors: Prates Hallal Gabriel , de Almeida Espinoza Jean Marcel , Veettil Bijeesh Kozhikkodan , Porcher Carla Cristine , Oliveira Righi da Silva Maurício , Beatriz Alves Rolim Silvia
Published: September 2024

Heavy mineral deposits occur in several coastal areas of the world, formed over a long period due to variations in mean sea level, wave action, and winds. These are the main sources of ilmenite (FeTiO3), which in turn is the source of more than 80% of the TiO2 produced and applied in various industries, most recently in nanotechnology. The present study mapped heavy mineral deposits on the coast of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil using integrated proximal and orbital thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing techniques. Mineral groups, such as oxides and silicates, have spectral features in the TIR wavelengths. Using laboratory spectroscopy at TIR using Nicolet 6700 Thermo Scientific Spectrometer, we measured the spectral signature of the local sample of heavy minerals (between 8 and 14 μm) and identified a diagnostic spectral feature at 10.75 μm. The signature was resampled to be compatible with the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER) sensor bandwidth values and used as a reference endmember for the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Linear Spectral Unmixing (LSU) digital image classification algorithms. Thus, we identified the presence of the reference endmember (heavy minerals) in the pixels of the ASTER scene. In pixels classified by SAM as the presence of heavy minerals, LSU was applied to estimate the surface concentration within the pixel. The results showed a concentration of up to 20% of heavy minerals, with the highest concentration on the beach and dune fields. Opaque minerals such as ilmenite do not have spectral reflectance features in visible, near-infrared, and short-wave infrared, which makes their identification by remote sensing difficult. The present study showed that the integration of proximal and orbital as well as hyperspectral and multispectral thermal data can be considered as an alternative for detecting and mapping heavy minerals in coastal areas.
Knowledge, and attitude of service user of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy using sulfadoxine pyrimethamine in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Asem Livingstone , Abdulia Abdul-Gafaru , Assuming Patrick Opoku , Abeka-Nkrumah Gordon
Published: September 2024

Background

Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is a condition that can be prevented by using intermittent preventive treatment using Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. However, despite all the effort to reduce the consequences of MiP for the woman, the unborn child, and the neonate, the knowledge of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in pregnancy using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is low in most malaria-endemic countries, including Ghana. Thus, the need to examine knowledge, and attitude of service users of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.

Methods

The study was a cross-sectional survey of two selected districts in the Volta Region of Ghana. The study participants were randomly selected from communities within Nkwanta North and North Tongu District. In all a total of 438 mothers who have delivered in the past 24 months were selected for the study. The women were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and the bivariate and multivariable logistic regression results presented in tables.

Results

The level of knowledge, and attitude were reported as 45.9% and 58.9% respectively. Knowledge of the service user is determined by the level of education of the women. The attitude of the service user is determined by making 4–7 visits during ANC, Gestational age at booking for ANC is 4–7 weeks, income level between 100 to 999, partner educational level above Middle/JHS/JSS, and age of a partner is above 40 years.

Conclusion

The findings from the present studies highlighted important factor such as number of antenatal visits that affect both knowledge of services and attitude to use IPTp-SP. Therefore, a community-based health promotion programmes to help to increase knowledges and improved attitude on timely and regular antenatal attendance to promote the benefit of IPTp-SP should be encouraged.
Determinants of carbon emission: A multiple scale decomposition of Gansu Province
Authors: Wang Yanan , Xie Jingxin , Fu Liwen , Singh Baljeet
Published: September 2024

China, being the largest contributor to total carbon emissions, still has a long way to go in energy conservation and emission reduction. Employing the structural decomposition analysis (SDA) method and using input-output table data, this study examines the evolution of carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption in Gansu Province in China over the period 2007 to 2017. By exploring carbon emission driving factors and identifying key final demand and sectors for carbon emissions, Gansu province can formulate more effective emission reduction policies that can balance economic development and carbon emission control. The key findings are as follows: 1) Regarding the driving factors, both the energy intensity effect and the demand sector structure effect emerge as the main contributors to emission reduction. Conversely, the total demand effect and the input-output structure effect predominantly led to emission increase. 2) In terms of each final demand, urban residents’ consumption, rural residents’ consumption and outflow represent the primary categories contributing to increased emissions. 3) The sectors experiencing the most significant decline in carbon emissions and carbon intensity are Electricity, Heat Production and Supply Industry, while Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry as well as Construction Industry are the primary contributors to increasing emissions. Consequently, to achieve the carbon neutrality goal, Gansu governments should consider all these factors and propose mitigation policies in light of the local realities.
Psychometric evaluation of the Australian interprofessional socialisation and valuing scale: An invariant measure for health practitioners and students
Authors: Ardyansyah Bau Dilam , Cordier Reinie , Brewer Margo , Parsons Dave
Published: September 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Australian Interprofessional Socialisation and Valuing Scale (ISVS)-21 and provide an invariant measure for health practitioners and students to assess interprofessional socialisation.

Methods

The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) were used as guidelines. This research began with a key step: conducting a pilot study to assess content validity, a requirement of COSMIN for item development. The ISVS-21 has not yet been validated in Australia. Content validity checks ensure the developed items accurately represent the measured construct in the intended cultural context. In addition to conducting more comprehensive tests of psychometric properties compared to previous studies on ISVS-21, this paper introduces something new by evaluating the internal structure of the instrument involving measurement invariance and hypothesis testing for construct validity based on several assumptions related to interprofessional socialisation and values. An invariant measure validates the use of the Australian ISVS-21 on practitioner and student equivalently, allowing the comparison of outcomes at both levels.

Results

The evaluation of content validity indicated that the items were relevant, comprehensible (practitioners and students had an agreement score of >70% for all 21 items), and comprehensive to the concepts intended to be measured. Structural validity confirms ISVS-21 Australia as unidimensional, with good internal consistency reliabilities, Cronbach’s α scores = 0.96 (practitioner) and 0.96 (student). Measurement invariance tests confirm ISVS-21 Australia is configural, metric and scalar invariance (ΔCFI ≤ 0.01) across the tested groups of practitioner and student, and therefore suitable for use by both cohorts in Australia. Age and length of work/study were discriminant factors for interprofessional socialisation in both cohorts; the professional background was a differentiating factor for practitioners but not for students. Hypotheses testing results support the COSMIN construct validity requirement for the measure, with 83.3% of assumptions tested accepted.

Conclusion

The Australian ISVS has good psychometric properties based on evaluating the content validity, internal structure, and hypotheses testing for construct validity. In addition, Australian ISVS is an invariant measure for use by health practitioners and students and, therefore, confirmed as a quality measure to assess interprofessional socialisation for both cohorts in Australia.
Pharmacist-led medication reviews: A scoping review of systematic reviews
Authors: Craske Miriam , Hardeman Wendy , Steel Nicholas , Twigg Michael James
Published: September 2024

Background

Medication reviews aim to support patients who take medicines, and they are often led by pharmacists. There are different types of medication reviews undertaken in various settings. Previous research undertaken in 2015 found mixed evidence that medication reviews in community settings improve clinical outcomes, but further work needs to be undertaken to establish their impact on patient-orientated and economic outcomes.

Aim

This scoping review aims to explore the extent and range of systematic reviews of medication reviews conducted by pharmacists, the nature of the intervention, the evidence for effectiveness, and reported research gaps.

Method

Systematic reviews were included irrespective of participants, settings or outcomes and were excluded if pharmacists did not lead the delivery of the included interventions. Data extracted included the design of included studies, population, setting, main results, description of interventions, and future research recommendations.

Results

We identified twenty-four systematic reviews that reported that medication review interventions were diverse, and their nature was often poorly described. Two high-quality reviews reported that there was evidence of no effect on mortality; of these one reported an improvement in medicines-related problems (all studies reported an increase of identified problems), and another a reduction in hospital readmissions (Risk ratio 0.93 [95% CI 0.89, 0.98]). Other lower-quality reviews reported evidence supporting intervention effectiveness for some clinical outcomes (odds ratio: achieving diabetes control = 3.11 95% prediction intervals (PI), 1.48–6.52, achieving blood pressure target = 2.73, 95% PI, 1.05–7.083.50).

Conclusion

There is mixed evidence of effectiveness for medication reviews across settings and patient populations. There is limited data about the implementation of medication reviews, therefore is difficult to ascertain which components of the intervention lead to improved outcomes. As medication reviews are widely implemented in practice, further research should explore the nature of the interventions, linking the components of these to outcomes.
Geniposide ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad and p38MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Yin Jian-Bin , Wang Ying-Xia , Fan Su-Su , Shang Wen-Bin , Zhu Yu-Shan , Peng Xue-Rong , Zou Cheng , Zhang Xuan
Published: September 2024

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by inflammation and fibrotic changes, with an unknown cause. In the early stages of PF, severe inflammation leads to the destruction of lung tissue, followed by upregulation of fibrotic factors like Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which disrupt normal tissue repair. Geniposide, a natural iridoid glycoside primarily derived from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, possesses various pharmacological activities, including liver protection, choleretic effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of Geniposide on chronic inflammation and fibrosis induced by bleomycin (BLM) in mice with pulmonary fibrosis (PF). PF was induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin, and Geniposide(100/50/25mg•kg-1) was orally administered to the mice once a day until euthanasia(14 day/28 day). The Raw264.7 cell inflammation induced by LPS was used to evaluate the effect of Geniposide on the activation of macrophage. Our results demonstrated that Geniposide reduced lung coefficients, decreased the content of Hydroxyproline, and improved pathological changes in lung tissue. It also reduced the number of inflammatory cells and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of bleomycin-induced PF mice. At the molecular level, Geniposide significantly down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2/3, p38, and CTGF in lung tissues of PF mice induced by bleomycin. Molecular docking results revealed that Geniposide exhibited good binding activity with TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and p38. In vitro study showed Geniposide directly inhibited the activation of macrophage induced by LPS. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Geniposide can ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad and p38MAPK signaling pathways.
Peritoneal washing cytology status as a crucial prognostic determinant in patients with localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent curative-intent resection following preoperative chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Yuge Takuya , Murata Yasuhiro , Noguchi Daisuke , Ito Takahiro , Hayasaki Aoi , Iizawa Yusuke , Fujii Takehiro , Tanemura Akihiro , Kuriyama Naohisa , Kishiwada Masashi , Mizuno Shugo
Published: September 2024

Background

Prognostic implications of peritoneal washing cytology (CY) in patients with localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) undergoing surgical resection following preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the prognostic significance and predictors of a positive CY status (CY+) after preoperative CRT.

Methods

Clinical data from 141 patients with localized PDAC who underwent curative-intent resection after preoperative CRT were retrospectively analyzed to examine the association between CY+ and clinicopathological factors and survival.

Results

CY+ was observed in six patients (4.3%). The CY+ group exhibited significantly higher preoperative serum levels of CA19-9 and a substantially greater incidence of tumor location in the pancreatic body or tail, along with pathological invasion to the anterior pancreatic capsule, than the CY− group. The CY+ group had a significantly higher incidence of peritoneal recurrence compared with the CY− group (83.3% vs. 18.5%, p = 0.002). Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after surgery were significantly shorter in the CY+ group than in the CY− group (CY+ vs. CY−: 18.3 vs. 46.2 months, p = 0.001, and 8.9 vs. 17.7 months, p = 0.009, respectively). Multivariate analyses identified CY+ as an independent prognostic factor for worse OS (hazard ratio 5.00, 95% confidence interval 1.03–12.31) and RFS (hazard ratio 2.58, 95% confidence interval 1.04–6.43). Local invasion grade on imaging before CRT, limited histological response to CRT, and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy were independent predictors of worse OS and RFS.

Conclusion

Despite the relatively low incidence of CY+ after preoperative CRT, it emerged as an independent prognostic factor in patients with localized PDAC undergoing curative-intent resection following preoperative CRT.
Intimate partner violence types are differentially associated with substance use among young, urban, sexual minority men of color
Authors: Rusow Joshua A. , Srivastava Ankur , Bray Bethany C. , Goldbach Jeremy T. , Kipke Michele D.
Published: September 2024

Sexual minority men of color report intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance use at elevated rates compared to heterosexual peers, but little is known about how types (physical/sexual, controlling, monitoring, emotional) of perpetration and victimization are connected to types of substance use. Associations between past-6-month IPV experiences and substance use (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, poppers, cocaine) were examined among sexual minority men (N = 414; 18–27 years). IPV victimization and perpetration were reported by 22% and 14% of the sample. Any victimization and controlling victimization were positively correlated with tobacco use, physical victimization was positively correlated with cocaine and poppers use, and monitoring victimization was negatively correlated with cannabis and poppers use. Any perpetration was positively correlated with tobacco use and binge drinking, and emotional perpetration was positively correlated with binge drinking. Understanding and addressing IPV victimization and perpetration experiences are critical for understanding risk conferred by IPV in this population.
Differences between oscillometry measurements obtained by MostGraph-01 and MasterScreen-IOS in patients with asthma
Authors: Harada Sonoko , Harada Norihiro , Sasano Hitoshi , Tanabe Yuki , Kotajima Masaki , Sato Yoshihiko , Takeshige Tomohito , Katsura Yoko , Ito Jun , Atsuta Ryo , Kurosawa Hajime , Takahashi Kazuhisa
Published: September 2024

Background

Oscillometry devices (also termed forced oscillation technique) devices such as MasterScreen-IOS® (Jaeger, Hochberg, Germany) and MostGraph-01® (Chest, Tokyo, Japan) are useful for obtaining physiological assessments in patients with obstructive lung diseases, including asthma. However, as oscillometry measurements have not been fully compared between MasterScreen-IOS® and MostGraph-01® in patients with asthma, it is unknown whether there are differences in the measurements between the devices. This study aimed to determine whether there is any difference in oscillometry measurements obtained using the two devices in patients with asthma.

Methods

Oscillometry measurements obtained using MasterScreen-IOS® and MostGraph-01® were retrospectively evaluated in 95 patients with asthma at Juntendo University Hospital between October 2009 and November 2009.

Results

There was a strong positive correlation in the measurements between the two devices. However, the values of R5, R20, ALX and Fres were lower when measured with MostGraph-01® than with MasterScreen-IOS®, and vice versa for the values of X5. The results were used in correction equations to convert oscillometry parameters measured using MasterScreen-IOS® to those measured using MostGraph-01®.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first report to compare MostGraph-01® and MasterScreen-IOS® devices using practical clinical data obtained in patients with asthma. The values obtained by both devices can be interpreted in a similar way, although there is slight variation. The conversion equations produced in this study may assist to compare the oscillometry measurements obtained by each of the two devices.
The evolutionary and transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC
Authors: Li Xingguang , Trovão Nídia S.
Published: September 2024

HIV-1 CRF08_BC is a significant subtype in China, though its origin and spread remain incompletely understood. Previous studies using partial genomic data have provided insights but lack comprehensive analysis. Here, we investigate the early evolutionary and spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC in China and Myanmar using near-complete genome sequences. We analyzed 28 near-complete HIV-1 CRF08_BC genomes from China and Myanmar (1997–2013). Phylogenetic, molecular clock, and Bayesian discrete trait analyses were performed to infer the virus’s origin, spread, and associated risk groups. Based on Bayesian time-scaled inference with the best-fitting combination of models determined by marginal likelihood estimation (MLE), we inferred the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) and evolutionary rate of HIV-1 CRF08_BC to be at 3 October 1991 (95% HPD: 22 February1989–27 November 1993) and 2.30 × 10−3 substitutions per site per year (95% HPD: 1.96 × 10−3–2.63 × 10−3), respectively. Our analysis suggests that HIV-1 CRF08_BC originated in Yunnan Province, China, among injecting drug users, and subsequently spread to other regions. This study provides valuable insights into the early dynamics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC through combined genomic and epidemiological data, which may inform effective prevention and mitigation efforts. However, the limited genomic data influenced the extent of our findings, and challenges in collecting accurate risk group information during surveillance were evident.
Application of synthesized metal-trimesic acid frameworks for the remediation of a multi-metal polluted soil and investigation of quinoa responses
Authors: Zarrabi Amir , Ghasemi-Fasaei Reza , Ronaghi Abdolmajid , Zeinali Sedigheh , Safarzadeh Sedigheh
Published: September 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are structures with high surface area that can be used to remove heavy metals (HMs) efficiently from the environment. The effect of MOFs on HMs removal from contaminated soils has not been already investigated. Monometallic MOFs are easier to synthesize with high efficiency, and it is also important to compare their structures. In the present study, Zn-BTC, Cu-BTC, and Fe-BTC as three metal-trimesic acid MOFs were synthesized from the combination of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) nitrates with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) by solvothermal method. BET analysis showed that the specific surface areas of the Zn-BTC, Cu-BTC, and Fe-BTC were 502.63, 768.39 and 92.4 m2g-1, respectively. The synthesized MOFs were added at the rates of 0.5 and 1% by weight to the soils contaminated with 100 mgkg-1 of Zn, nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Then quinoa seeds were sown in the treated soils. According to the results, the uptakes of all four HMs by quinoa were the lowest in the Cu-BTC 1% treated pots and the lowest uptakes were observed for Pb in shoot and root (4.87 and 0.39, μgpot-1, respectively). The lowest concentration of metal extracted with EDTA in the post-harvest soils was for Pb (11.86 mgkg-1) in the Cu-BTC 1% treatment. The lowest metal pollution indices were observed after the application of Cu-BTC 1%, which were 20.29 and 11.53 for shoot and root, respectively. With equal molar ratios, highly porous and honeycomb-shaped structure, the most crystallized and the smallest constituent particle size (34.64 nm) were obtained only from the combination of Cu ions with H3BTC. The lowest porosity, crystallinity, and a semi-gel like feature was found for the Fe-BTC. The synthesized Cu-BTC showed the highest capacity of stabilizing HMs, especially Pb in the soil compared to the Zn-BTC and the Fe-BTC. The highly porous characteristic of the Cu-BTC can make the application of this MOF as a suitable environmental solution for the remediation of high Pb-contaminated soils.
Development and application of an online tool to quantify nitrogen removal associated with harvest of cultivated eastern oysters
Authors: Rose Julie M. , Morse Ryan , Schillaci Christopher
Published: September 2024

Shellfish aquaculture can provide important ecosystem services to coastal communities, yet these benefits are not typically considered within the aquaculture permit review process. Resource managers have expressed interest in easy-to-use tools, based on robust science, that produce location and operation-appropriate values for beneficial services. These values need to be produced in a format that aligns with existing regulatory processes to facilitate seamless integration with permit review. The removal of excess nitrogen from coastal waters by shellfish farms is well documented in the literature and has been incorporated into nutrient management in the USA. Shellfish assimilate nitrogen into their tissue and shell as they grow, and this nitrogen is removed from the environment upon harvest. We have assembled a dataset of nitrogen concentration and morphometric measurements from farmed eastern oysters across the US Northeast, and adapted methodology used by existing nutrient management programs to quantify harvest-associated removal of nitrogen. Variability in oyster tissue and shell nutrient concentration was low within the dataset, and an assessment of farm location, ploidy, and three common cultivation practices (floating gear, bottom gear, no gear) suggested that a simple regression-based calculation could be applied across all farms within the region. We designed the new, publicly available online Aquaculture Nutrient Removal Calculator tool https://connect.fisheries.noaa.gov/ANRC/ based on this analysis, which uses inputs related to oyster size and harvest number to predict harvest-based nitrogen removal from an eastern oyster farm located within the geographic range of North Carolina to Maine, USA. The tool also produces a report that has been designed to integrate with the US Army Corps of Engineers public interest review process, and similar state-level permitting processes, and provides a succinct summary of the ecological services associated with nutrient removal in eutrophic locations, project-specific values, and citations supporting the calculation of those values.
Designing a new aural skills curriculum for a higher education popular music programme
Authors: Olsen Patrick
Published: September 2024

In South East Asia, popular music is a rare but increasingly feasible option to study in higher-level education. The local educational landscape has been dominated by conservatories teaching western and Chinese classical music and pedagogical practices, leaving emerging popular music programmes to develop independently from the ground up. The author has been tasked with designing new curriculum and workbooks for a popular music diploma programme at a newly established arts university. As part of that process, this article presents a literature review of commonly used ear training method books. The findings reveal that the aims, genres and assumed skills and knowledge of western music theory made by the authors do not align with the practice-centred popular music programme. Excerpts from in-progress workbooks are presented with discussions of the different goals, challenges and methods of assessment.
The Black Women’s Literary Renaissance
Authors: Faralli Carla
Published: September 2024

Starting in the mid-1970s, black women came fully into the realization that their oppression was owed to several intersecting factors (what Kimberle Crenshaw identified as intersectionality). And with that appreciation, they began toforcefully assert themselves in light of the specificity of their multifaceted condition and identity, to that end availing themselves of a range of tools, among which those of Law as Narrative (as detailed in Robert Cover’s essay “Nomos and Narrative”), enabling them to better describe their experience.
Law as an exclusive or inclusive normativity and discourse
Authors: Margarida Gaudêncio Ana
Published: September 2024

Regarding law as a necessarily exclusive and/or inclusive discourse, and the juridical text as a specific narrative expression of certain fractional form(s) of life, the continuously required translation of the meaning(s) and intention(s) of each word within it allows for innumerable different possibilities, according to the interpretive communities in presence and to the different identities they assume and express. Conceiving, therefore, the meanings of law and of the juridical materials and the intentions of legal thinking as multipolar conglomerates of partial convictions and understandings. Exemplarily, some contemporary Feminist Jurisprudences and LGBT-GNCcrits, as derivations of the so-called third Critical Legal Scholar’s generation, in militant empowering sights, face law as an originally and intentionally exclusive normativity and discourse. Involving specific identity deflections in the definition of juridical intersubjectivity, and in the meaning, intent, and content of law, in order to get the recognition of some partially affirmed inclusive normativity and discourse. And, therefore, requiring specific juridical narratives, and translation frames, within prescriptive contents, both substantively – in the answers offered by law to gender problems and to subjects of different gender identity – and linguistically – in the concomitantly mobilised vocabulary and interpretation. Which offer new components and delimitations to the notion of subject of law, transferring the core of the discussion on the meaning(s) and content(s) of law from comparability and tertiality to incomparability and singularity… Drawing alternative images, and distinct statements, on identity and difference, beyond equality, as intrinsic features of law – subjectively, in the meaning and structure of the concept of juridical person, and, objectively, in the meaning and structure of juridical normativity and discourse.
On designing Shareish, an open-source, map-based, web platform to facilitate diverse solidarity practices
Authors: Guilliams Adrien , Banneux Florent , Rubens Ulysse , Gason Olivier , Chapeau Pierre , Sevinç Ogulcan , Hoyoux Adrien , Lejeune Christophe , Maree Raphael
Published: September 2024

We present the Shareish web platform to foster diverse solidarity practices inspired by concepts of the gift economy. Its design is grounded in prior work (in CSCW and solidarity HCI), and in new qualitative research involving participants engaged in solidarity practices. Shareish aims at leveraging community assets through donations, free loans, requests of goods and services, free event announcements, and by enhancing the visibility of freely available resources. On a Shareish instance, users have the ability to view localized items on a map or in lists, utilize search filters, contribute new content with detailed textual and visual descriptions, engage in discussions with other users, and receive notifications when new content is added in their neighborhood. The platform can be replicated and improved by communities seeking autonomy as its source code is distributed freely under a permissive open source license (https://github.com/shareish). A research demonstration server is available (https://shareish.org).
Photoelectric Effect, Photosynthesis and an Extra

Phase in the Potential Function
Authors: Sharma Preet , Pan Xiaohu
Published: September 2024

In this study we have discussed about the basics of photoelectric effect andphotosynthesis. We have also connected it with Fermi golden rule. Then we tried to see ifa phase factor applied to a generic model independent sinusoidal potential makes a changein the cross section or not. This study shows us that the extra phase factor does not giverise to any change in the original process and the cross section remains the same.
Menyoal Praktik Neo-Perbudakan (Trafficking) Anak di Indonesia
Authors: Zubaidi Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Anak merupakan makhluk sosial sama halnya dengan orang dewasa, anak juga membutuhkan orang lain untuk bisa membantu mengembangkan kemampuannya, karena pada dasarnya anak lahir dengan segala kelemahan sehingga tanpa orang lain anak tidak mungkin dapat mencapai taraf kemanusiaan yang normal. Sobur, juga mengartikan anak sebagai orang atau manusia yang mempunyai pikiran, sikap. perasaan, dan minat berbeda dengan orang dewasa dengan segala keterbatasan. Definisi anak menurut Haditono. anak adalah makhluk yang membutuhkan kasih sayang. pemeliharaan, dan tempat bagi perkembangannya. Selain itu anak merupakan bagian dari keluarga, dan keluarga memberi kesempatan kepada anak untuk belajar tingkah laku yang penting untuk perkembangan yang cukup baik dalam kehidupan bersama. Dari istilah dan pendapat di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak harus diberi perhatian dan perlindungan lebih dalam beraktifitas sehari-hari.
Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Bentuk Arbitrase Sebagai Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial (Studi Undangan-undangan no. 2 Tahun 2004 tentang Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial Pasal 29-54)
Authors: Arina Sani Sorayah
Published: September 2024

Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial adalah perbedaan pendapat yang mengakibatkan pertentangan antara pengusaha atau gabungan pengusaha dengan pekerja/buruh atau serikat pekerja/serikat buruh karena adanya perselisihan mengenai hak, perselisihan kepentingan, perselisihan pemutusan hubungan kerja dan perselisihan antar serikat pekerja/serikat buruh dalam satu perusahaan. Arbitrase dapat menjadi alternatif penyelesaian perselisihan perburuhan bagi para pihak yang berselisih dalam perselisihan kepentingan dan perselisihan antar serikat pekerja/serikat buruh hanya dalam satu perusahaan. Para pihak dapat mengharapkan keuntungan dari sifat yang dimiliki oleh arbitrase yaitu dapat menyelesaikan perselisihan secara tepat, cepat, murah dan adil. Arbitrase merupakan sistem penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial di luar proses peradilan dimana pihak ketiga dipercaya oleh para pihak yang berselisih memberikan putusan yang bersifat mengikat kedua belah pihak yang berselisih atas dasar persetujuan di antara mereka untuk mematuhi putusan yang ditetapkan oleh pihak ketiga tersebut yang dalam hal ini diperankan oleh Arbiter. Seiring berjalannya waktu arbitrase sebagai penyelasaian perselisihan hubungan industrial yang terdapat dalam Undang-undang No. 2 Tahun 2004 pasal 29-54 tidak tepat atau tidak sesuai dengan makna dan hakikat arbirtrase itu sendiri. Pola penyelesaian perselisihan melalui arbitrase ternyata sama dengan penyelesaian perselisihan perburuhan lainnya yakni berparadigma kepada negara yang selama ini tidak berpihak kepada buruh dan sengaja menempatkan buruh pada posisi yang tak berdaya. Lalu Bagaimana hukum Islam memandangnya?
Penelitian ini merupakan library research, kemudian untuk menganalisis permasalahan tersebut, penyusun menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan mengambil penafsiran pemikir Islam kontemporer yang terdapat dalam al-Qur'an dan Hadits. Sifat penelitian ini adalah Normatif Analitik, Yaitu menelaah dan menjelaskan masalah yang ada dalam pokok bahasan kemudian menganalisa permasalahan sehingga menemukan jawaban atas persoalan.
Institutionalizing Anti-Migrant Discourse in Public Healthcare: An Analysis of Medical Xenophobia against Zimbabwean Migrant Women in Johannesburg
Authors: Mvundura Learnmore
Published: September 2024

The provision of healthcare services to African migrants within the South African public healthcare system has been characterized as marred by medical xenophobia. While the literature on xenophobia in the country draws connections between xenophobic violence and how the migrant is characterized through demeaning metaphors in the media and the political space, medical xenophobia literature somewhat remains with the burden of categorically connecting specific practices that constitute medical xenophobia with the broader anti-migrant discourse. Drawing on the narratives of Zimbabwean migrant women seeking antenatal care services within the public healthcare system in Johannesburg, this paper analyzes the utterances and practices of some healthcare providers to draw connections with the anti-migrant narratives obtaining in the media, the political space, and certain anti-migrant formations (bearers of discourse). Like studies before it, this paper observes medical xenophobia and relying on Foucault’s disciplinary power as a conceptual tool, it argues that the utterances by some public healthcare professionals are indeed unabridged rearticulations of the normalized anti-migrant discourse in various sites bearing anti-migrant discourse. While acknowledging that some bureaucrats’ practices are tangential to the anti-migrant discourse, which decouples their individual actions from the discursive norm, the paper maintains that the standardized anti-migrant discourse for the large part provides frames of reference for some healthcare providers on how to perceive and treat the migrant patient, as their utterances are a restage of this discourse, usually with little to no annotations.
CH1-specific affinity resins possess the potential of separating heterodimer from homodimers in asymmetric bispecific antibody purification
Authors: Dong Wanyuan , Li Yifeng
Published: September 2024

CaptureSelect CH1-XL and Praesto 70 CH1 are two affinity media that specifically bind to the CH1 domain of an antibody. In the current work, we first demonstrated that these two CH1-specific affinity media bound to different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with varied strengths under identical conditions. We previously had observed the same on a Protein L-conjugated resin and showed that such a property could facilitate homodimer removal in asymmetric bispecific antibody (bsAb) purification. Next, using Praesto 70 CH1, we showed that a small difference in binding between two mAbs could be significantly exaggerated by adding sodium chloride to the mobile phase, further demonstrating this resin can potentially play a role in bsAb purification. Finally, with a concrete bsAb case study, we showed that, like Protein L, Praesto 70 CH1 could separate the target heterodimer from the homodimer by-product. Homodimers are common product-related impurities associated with the recombinant production of asymmetric bsAbs, which can be difficult to remove. Their removal, even a partial one, at the capture stage is a big advantage as it can alleviate the purification burden on subsequent polishing steps and render the overall process more robust. Therefore, Praesto 70 CH1’s unique property is highly desirable, and this affinity resin can be a better alternative than Protein A for product capture in asymmetric bsAb purification.
Representações sociais sobre infeções sexualmente transmissíveis conferidas por gays e HSH’s em aplicativos de relacionamentos: direcionamentos em educação para a saúde
Authors: Fontana Felipe , Magalhães Júnior Carlos Alberto de Oliveira , De Gaspi Suelen
Published: September 2024

Este estudo sintetiza os resultados de uma pesquisa interessada na compreensão das representações sociais correlacionadas às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST’s) conservadas por gays, bissexuais masculinos e homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH’s) em meio a determinados aplicativos de relacionamentos e encontros sexuais. Para isso, construímos uma metodologia vinculada à análise de conteúdo conexa às falas/produções textuais angariadas em meio às redes sociais que estudamos. Nesse sentido, elegemos o conceito de hipertexto como subsídio teórico capaz de otimizar a utilização da técnica de análise de conteúdo junto das averiguações que empreendemos nos prints que angariados no levantamento dos insumos empíricos dessa pesquisa. Em seguida, desenvolvemos um referencial bibliográfico essencial à execução de nossas análises; dentre os seis (6) eixos analisados nessa pesquisa bibliográficas, destacam-se: a) a teoria das representações sociais; 2) os aplicativos de relacionamento e encontro sexuais; 3) e o panorama das IST’s no Brasil. Diante disso, constituímos doze (12) categorias de representações sociais em IST’s veiculadas em aplicativos como o Hornet e o Grindr. Estas, por sua vez, são pormenorizadas, interpretadas e explicadas de acordo com o referencial teórico que edificamos. Além disso, elas podem servir de indicativos/ indicadores estratégicos para a forja de atividades educacionais afetas à promoção de saúde sexual de modo mais eficiente e qualificado (combate às IST’s no Brasil).
An Optical Illusion of Volume Promoted by the Transformation of a Paper Model from a Square Prism to a Tetrahedron
Authors: Arroyo-Carmona Rosa Elena , Vázquez-Bravo Jaime , Mora-Ramírez Marco A. , Paredes-Juárez Gerardo , Pérez-Benitez Aaron
Published: September 2024

During the recycling of a cardboard box in the shape of a right prism with a square base to build a tetrahedron, there was the curious coincidence that the height of the first was equal to the inclined height of the second. After some bending and cutting on the prism, its dynamic conversion to the tetrahedron and vice versa was achieved. This fact motivated us to carry out a study on the meaningful learning of a small group of participants (N = 10) with minimum primary school education, regarding the volume of these two common geometric bodies. It was found that 70 % of the study population thought that the volumes were equal and that 100 % had forgotten the formula to calculate the volume of the tetrahedron. A template to build the model and a video to illustrate the mentioned transformation process are also presented.
Una propuesta de abordaje multirreferencial del HACRE: posibles vinculaciones entre química y salud
Authors: Pérgola Martín , Revel Chion Andrea
Published: September 2024

El hidroarsenicismo crónico regional endémico (HACRE) es una enfermedad grave de larga evolución, provocada por el consumo de aguas contaminadas con arsénico que se presenta en distintas regiones del mundo. En Latinoamérica afecta a países como Argentina, Brasil, México, Colombia y Chile. Debido a la postergada aparición de los síntomas luego de consumir agua con arsénico por varios años, las consultas médicas suelen realizarse cuando la población posee síntomas evidentes del efecto de la toxicidad del arsénico que se corresponden con estados avanzados de la enfermedad. A pesar de la relevancia de la problemática, el hidroarsenicismo es una enfermedad poco conocida por las poblaciones que consumen agua con arsénico, y como hipótesis aquí formulada, no suele tratarse como una problemática de salud en el contexto educativo de la región. En este sentido, se realizó un relevamiento de propuestas educativas en torno al arsénico en revistas latinoamericanas de Enseñanza de las Ciencias, entre 2018 y 2023. Aquí se expone una serie de reflexiones con el objetivo de generar una propuesta de debate educativo, desde la perspectiva multicausal/multirreferencial de la salud, que enfatice en aspectos químicos y bioquímicos de la problemática. En función de las vinculaciones entre esta enfermedad y los modelos químicos que permiten explicar la presencia de arsénico en agua, y sus efectos en los humanos, aquí se propone una transposición didáctica para generar modelos químicos escolares, y así incluir el tratamiento escolar de la problemática en la escuela secundaria, como una oportunidad de relacionar química y salud. Como resultado de esas reflexiones, se generó una unidad didáctica sobre el HACRE con potencial para ser abordada multidisciplinariamente en materias de Ciencias Naturales como química, biología o salud, en relación con áreas de las Ciencias Sociales como geografía, historia y economía, entre otras.
Entrevista a Arthur Galamba
Authors: Castiblanco Abril Olga Lucía
Published: September 2024

Arthur Galamba tiene un doctorado en Educación de la Universidad de Leeds, una Maestría en Psicología Cognitiva y un pregrado en Física. Enseñó física en escuelas secundarias en Brasil y en el Reino Unido durante más de 13 años y actualmente es capacitador de docentes en Londres. Arthur está fascinado por cómo las prácticas de enseñanza actuales son influenciadas por programas que han sido prominentes en los últimos 150 años. Sus intereses de investigación actuales son: educación científica para la democracia, descolonización de la ciencia, desarrollo inicial de maestros internacionales y la epistemología de la ciencia.
Oděny v odvaze
Authors: Križalkovičová Zuzana
Published: September 2024

Tato studie zkoumá roli ženských kabátů jako aktivních participantů nejrůznějších hnutí odporu ve střední Evropě v letech 1935-1953 a využívá posthumanistický rámec k přezkoumání otázek subjektivity. Integrací teorií materiální kultury a nového materialismu se výzkum posouvá za hranice tradičních antropocentrických pohledů a zdůrazňuje dynamické interakce mezi ženami a jejich kabáty v kontextu odboje. Tento přístup ukazuje, že oděvy nebyly pouze pasivními symboly vzdoru, ale mnohostrannými nástroji, které poskytovaly fyzickou ochranu, usnadňovaly skryté předávání zpráv a materiálů a posilovaly odhodlání a solidaritu nositelek. Prostřednictvím historické analýzy, osobních svědectví a kulturních artefaktů tato studie ukazuje, jak kabáty fungovaly jako spolu-činitelé v odbojových aktivitách a jak utvářely a byly utvářeny sociálním, kulturním a politickým prostředím dané doby. Studie zdůrazňuje důležitost uznání dějinnosti materiálních objektů v historických vyprávěních a nabízí nuancované porozumění odbojovým aktivitám žen a širší podněty pro posthumanistické přemýšlení o identitě a subjektivitě.
Die Instrumentalisierung der polnischen Gewerkschaften und der Arbeitervertretungen in den Jahren 1944-1945 [The instrumentalization of Polish trade unions and workers’ representatives in 1944-1945]
Authors: Chumiński Jędrzej
Published: September 2024

A characteristic feature of the Polish trade union movement in the period between the two world wars was its organizational fragmentation. At that time, there were 71 trade union centers and 1,944 trade union associations; these figures include all registered organizations, regardless of their membership size and the length of their activity. Many of them were ephemeral and had hardly more than 100 members. They were often the legacy of the time of the partition of Poland. As Stanislaw Rychliński noted in 1929, their existence was the consequence of "the differences in the worldview of the working masses in the individual partitioned regions, caused by the activity in the different political and economic conditions of each part of the region". In the first years after Poland regained its independence, there were 31 workers' centres in the three parts of the country. As late as 1925, statistics from the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs recorded 60 associations whose sphere of activity covered only the territory of one of the former partitioned regions; in addition, there were 73 regional associations that did not operate beyond the borders of a voivodeship. However, most of them disappeared with the ongoing process of integration of Poland. One factor that influenced the organisational fragmentation was the multinational character of the Second Republic. Thus, associations were formed that represented individual nationalities. united, especially Jewish, German and Ukrainian.
Polish Commodity Exchanges in the Years 1946-1951. An Outline of the Problem
Authors: Macyra Roman
Published: September 2024

The end of the war was at the same time the beginning of the reconstruction of companies and organisational structures of the country's economic life, and such was at least the conviction of many pre-war entrepreneurs and activists in the field of economy, who were returning to their positions. However, the enormity of war destruction, lack of information on the fate of the owners of companies during the war and instability of the political situation were not conducive to the fast reconstruction of the economic base, all this in spite of the appeals of the authorities. New political authorities of the state through a number of feigned activities, suggesting their wish to preserve political and economic pluralism, however, undertook a determined effort to subjugate and captivate the society whose "condition" as has been observed by Krystyna Kersten, "... after the war lasting six years and after two occupations had a very significant influence on its attitudes and behaviour towards the new order established by communists, and these attitudes and behaviours meaningfully influenced the tactics and methods used by the camp which took power."