bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROCEDURE AND PRINCIPLES OF INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS IN THE NORTH-ATLANTIC ALLIANCE (BASED ON NATO DOCUMENTS)
Authors: Nevmerzhitsky I.V.
Published: December 2020

The article contains systematization of principles, peculiarities and procedures for carrying out information and psychological operations in NATO countries. It provides the definition of the concepts of information operation, psychological (information-psychological) operation (PSYOPS), strategic communications, as well as their distinction and functional interrelations in the context of domestic perception of these processes. The following basic principles of PSYOPS are explained: truthfulness, orderliness, consistency, coordination, understanding, timeliness and efficiency, assessment, attribution. The following peculiarities of PSYOPS are mentioned and explained: interaction with other units and components of military operation (civil-military cooperation, intelligence, military public relations, force protection), operational planning, targeting, operation evaluation, and consequence management. It describes the process of coordination, planning and organization of information activities, and also specifies their differences in the context of the domestic experience realms of information and psychological operations. In particular, the main tasks of the PSYOPS planners are mentioned: assessment of the future PSYOPS; assistance in making changes to the general military operation program; determination of material needs, sources of provision and the budget of PSYOPS; mission analysis with changes to the commander's critical information requirements and planning guidelines; participation in the development of courses of action; 6) participation in the development of the operational plan; making changes to the operational plan in accordance with the PSYOPS tasks; review of other functional requirements in accordance with the PSYOPS tasks; determination of requirements for forces (divisions)/capabilities; development of the PSYOPS plan. Among the current developments in the field of information warfare, this article was the first to systematize and adapt the provisions of the North Atlantic Alliance guidelines that determine the procedure for carrying out information, psychological activities.
Character of feeding newborns in perinatal center. Problems of first week
Authors: Berezkina Elena N. , Ivanov Dmitry O. , Novikova Valeria P. , Zavyalova Annа N. , Gostimskii Aleksander V. , Susanina Alina M. , Lisovskii Oleg V.
Published: December 2020

The key to shaping the health of the future generation are the start timing of breastfeeding. In a single-center observational study in the Department of physiology of the newborn Perinatal Center, the nature of breastfeeding and problems in breast-feeding in mothers of healthy newborns in the first days after birth were evaluated. An analysis of the promotion and support of breastfeeding in 103 pairs (mother infant) during hospital stay in accordance with WHO recommendations was conducted. Women were polled on socio-demographic issues (age, marital status, education, method of delivery), gestational age of infants, antropometry, Apgar score and infant feeding method. 71% of newborn were exclusively breastfed. Problems with breastfeeding were found in 41.7% of women. The most often meet: hypogalactia (17.48%) and cracked nipples (8.74%). All women received advice on how to eliminate their causes. The importance of providing permanent specialized professional support in breastfeeding to overcome the difficulties of matters after discharge from the hospital has been proved.
A RELEVÂNCIA DAS INFORMAÇÕES FINANCEIRAS NAS EMPRESAS LISTA-DAS NA B3 QUE ATUAM COM ATIVOS BIOLÓGICOS APÓS ADOÇÃO DO CPC 29
Authors: Ferreira Ronivaldo Alcebiades , Teixeira Aridelmo
Published: December 2020

Neste trabalho faz-se uma análise sobre os efeitos na relevância das informações financeiras após a adoção do CPC 29, propondo-se verificar se houve alterações significativas, sobretudo quanto ao preço das ações, conteúdo informacional, capacidade preditiva de geração de caixa futuro das empresas brasileiras listadas na B3. Foram analisadas informações no período de 2005 a 2017 de empresas participantes da B3 que mantiveram estoques de ativo biológico. Aplicou-se o modelo Value Relevance no tratamento dos dados. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a implementação das normas IFRS propiciou alterações relacionadas à precifica-ção da ação em t+4 meses após o fechamento das demonstrações financeiras e confirmou a existência de relação positiva entre o ativo biológico e o preço da ação. Os resultados de-monstram ainda presença de ganhos ao conteúdo informacional apontado pela mudança de percepção dos investidores. Contudo, os dados analisados não demonstraram ganhos informa-cionais sobre a geração de fluxo de caixa operacional em três meses após o fechamento das demonstrações contábeis. Como contribuições destaca maior clareza após a aplicação da nor-ma, além de subsidiar a classe profissional e acadêmica com seus resultados.
ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS DE UMA EMPRESA DE DOCES ARTESANAIS DE MARECHAL CÂNDIDO RONDON, PARANÁ
Authors: Bergmann Vanessa Aline , Gresele Wanderson Dutra , Walter Silvana Anita
Published: December 2020

Este estudo objetiva analisar qual a relação do custo, volume e lucro (CVL) na produção de doces em uma empresa de doces artesanais de Marechal Cândido Rondon. Inicialmente foi realizada a revisão de literatura sobre os conceitos de contabilidade de custos, métodos de custeio e análise CVL. A metodologia utilizada é classificada como quantitativa, do tipo descritiva, os dados para análise foram obtidos através de pesquisa documental nos controles internos mantidos pela empresa e como complemento uma entrevista com a administradora, sendo utilizadas planilhas eletrônicas para a realização da análise custo, volume e lucro e percepção do desempenho econômico da empresa. Esta teve os seus produtos divididos em quatro categorias para as análises, destes, os doces tradicionais apresentaram maior quantidade vendida, porém, os bombons foram os destaques por possuir a maior média de preços e a maior margem de contribuição. A média do desempenho da empresa nos meses analisados foi superior ao seu ponto de equilíbrio, quando associada ao seu Grau de Alavancagem, mostrando que a empresa tem possibilidades de crescimento se incentivar a comercialização dos produtos de melhor desempenho. Assim, este estudo apresenta informações que podem auxiliar no processo de controle gerencial e tomada de decisões nas empresas do segmento de doces artesanais.
RISCO IDIOSSINCRÁTICO DETERMINADO POR CARACTERÍSTICAS SETORIAIS E DE GOVERNANÇA
Authors: Ganz Alyne Cecilia Serpa , Bizatto Luana Sara , Kroenke Adriana
Published: December 2020

O risco idiossincrático tem sido alvo de diversas investigações que objetivam entender e explicar este risco. Diversas vertentes de explicação para este risco são sugeridas pela literatura, dentre estas estão a governança corporativa e o setor econômico. Deste modo o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o risco idiossincrático nos diferentes setores econômicos e níveis de governança. A amostra é composta por 356 empresas, no período de 2011 a 2015, sendo que para alcance dos resultados são utilizados os modelos de 3 e 5 fatores de Fama e French (1993, 2015), teste de médias e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados indicam que o setor de tecnologia e telecomunicação possui o maior risco idiossincrático, e Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustível apresenta o menor valor para o mesmo risco. Além desses a governança é encontrada para diminuir o risco idiossincrático. A pesquisa contribui para os usuários externos da informação contábil, ao identificar quais características setoriais e de governança impactam neste risco em cenário brasileiro, encontrando que alguns setores e o nível de governança corporativa discriminam de diferentes formas no risco idiossincrático.
Tax Risk Assessment and Assurance Reform in Response to the Digitalised Economy
Authors: Strauss Helena , Fawcett Tyson , Schutte Danie
Published: December 2020

The digitalisation of the economy has increased tax administrations’ traditional tax risks and introduced new tax non-compliance risks, such as the use of income suppression software and tax fraud associated with the use of alternative payment methods, such as cryptocurrencies. This study focuses on the global reform that took place among tax authorities from a tax risk management and assurance perspective. The study was executed in two phases, including a cross-national literature review to synthesise international reform regarding tax risk management and assurance in response to the digitalisation of the economy. This process was followed by interviews with risk, technology and data experts of 30 global tax authorities in order to evaluate the level of implementation of the global reform measures identified in the first research phase. The research results suggest an imbalance in reform among participants from developed and developing economies. An inability to optimise tax risk and assurance management within the digitalised economy will negatively impact the tax authorities’ ability to maximise tax collection within the digitalised economy. This is especially concerning if the significant role of digital platforms on future global economic value creation is considered.
Tracing resilience, social dynamics and behavioral change: a review of agent-based flood risk models
Authors: Taberna Alessandro , Filatova Tatiana , Roy Debraj , Noll Brayton
Published: December 2020

Climate change and rapid urbanization exacerbate flood risks worldwide. The recognition of the crucial role that human actors play in altering risks and resilience of flood-prone cities triggers a paradigm shift in climate risks assessments and drives the proliferation of computational models that include societal dynamics. Yet, replacing a representative rational actor dominant in climate policy models with a variety of behaviorally-rich agents that interact, learn, and adapt is not straightforward. Focusing on the costliest climate-exacerbated hazard, flooding, we review computational agent-based models that include behavioral change and societal dynamics. We distinguish between two streams of literature: one stemming from economics & behavioral sciences and another from hydrology. Our findings show that most studies focus on households while representing decisions of other agents (government, insurance, urban developers) simplistically and entirely overlooking firms' choices in the face of risks. The two communities vary in the extent they ground agents' rules in social theories and behavioral data when modeling boundedly-rational decisions. While both aspire to trace feedbacks that agents collectively instigate, they employ different learning and interactions when computing societal dynamics in the face of climate risks. Dynamics of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability components of flood risks driven by incremental adaptation of agents are well represented. We highlight that applying a complex adaptive system perspective to trace the evolution of resilience can lead to a better understanding of transformational adaptation. The methodological advances in computational models with heterogeneous behaviorally-rich adaptive agents are relevant for adaptation to different climate-driven hazards beyond flooding.
Effectiveness of tolterodine in relief of postoperative symptoms related to urethral catheter in transurethral prostate resection patients: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Afandiyev Faraj , Gökçe Mehmet Ilker , Özcan Cihat , İbrahimov Anar , Gülpinar Ömer
Published: December 2020

Background: Urethral catheterisation following surgery causes significant discomfort postoperatively. Use of muscarinic receptor antagonists for relief of these symptoms in transurethral prostate resection (TURP) patients has been studied previously. In this study it is aimed to identify efficacy of toltoredine for relief of bladder overactivity symptoms in the post-operative period following TURP.Methods: In this randomized, prospective, controlled study, results of 95 patients evaluated. Group 1(n=49) received tolterodine 4 mg/day and group 2 (n=45) received no medication. Presence and severity of symptoms together with visual pain scale (VPS) scores were recorded and compared in very early and late postoperative period (0, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours and every 24 hours thereafter). Additional analgesic requirement was also compared and adverse events were recorded.Results: Tolerodine treatment was shown to be associated with low incidence and less severity of symptoms. Symptoms were shown to be present especially in the early postoperative period. VPS scores were also shown to be less in group 1. Treatment was not cessated in any of the patients due to adverse events.  Conclusions: Tolterodine 4 mg/day was shown to be effective in relief of symptoms related to urethral catheterisation in the postoperative period following TURP. Treatment was not cessated in any of the patients due to adverse events. Further prospective placebo-controlled studies are needed with tolterodine and other muscarinic receptor antagonists.
Análisis comparativo de los resultados de la política fiscal sobre la pobreza y la desigualdad en El Salvador durante 2011, 2013, 2015 y 2017 empleando la metodología del Compromiso con la Equidad (CEQ)
Authors: Oliva Cepeda José Andrés
Published: December 2020

Para medir los efectos de la política fiscal, este estudio aplica a El Salvador la metodología desarrollada por el proyecto “Compromiso por la Equidad”, de la Universidad de Tulane. Realizando una valoración global de sistema, que incluye impuestos y transferencias, se encontró que el efecto igualador de la política fiscal es favorable, es decir reduce la desigualdad de ingreso; no obstante, empleando el umbral de pobreza de US$3.2 PPA al día, se encontró que el sistema fiscal pasó de disminuir la pobreza a aumentarla. En 2011, la acción del Estado disminuía la pobreza en -0.7%; pero, en 2017 condujo a que la pobreza se incrementará en 0.5%. Aunque durante esos años el fisco transitó por una etapa de corrección del desbalance fiscal, que sumó 1.9% del PIB, el debilitamiento del efecto de la política fiscal en la reducción de la pobreza no se debe a un recorte del gasto social o falta de disponibilidad de recursos por medio de nuevo endeudamiento u ingresos tributarios adicionales, sino al descenso en la eficiencia y en la concentración de los recursos públicos que llegan hasta los estratos más pobres. Los recursos destinados hacia la educación y la salud pública, que son la parte más significativa de los gastos sociales, en conjunto se mantuvieron como porcentaje del PIB, (8.2% en 2011, y 8.5% del PIB en 2017) pero lo que efectivamente alcanzó a los estratos en pobreza disminuyó, pasando de 20.7% a 6.1% en esos años. Aumentar las oportunidades de los más vulnerables requiere de un mejor diseño en el acceso de los apoyos gubernamentales por parte de los más pobres.
Gobiernos y sociedad civil avanzando agendas climáticas: El caso de Perú
Authors: Milano Flavia
Published: December 2020

La aprobación del Acuerdo de París conformó un nuevo régimen global en materia de cambio climático. Los países de América Latina y el Caribe también participan de otros procesos en materia de sostenibilidad ambiental, entre los cuales se encuentran el desarrollo nacional de la Agenda 2030 y la implementación del Acuerdo de Escazú. Estos y otros instrumentos reconocen la importancia de un relacionamiento efectivo con actores de la ciudadanía para implementar los compromisos climáticos. Esta publicación se basa en la experiencia técnica del Grupo BID en materia de participación ciudadana. El estudio identifica buenas prácticas que se han empleado en Perú para progresar en los compromisos climáticos incluyendo a actores de sociedad civil. El diagnóstico regional completo con las experiencias de Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, México y Perú está disponible en: https://publications.iadb.org/es/gobiernos-y-sociedad-civil-avanzando-agendas-climaticas
Governments and Civil Society Advancing Climate Agendas: The Case of Jamaica
Authors: Milano Flavia
Published: December 2020

The approval of the Paris Agreement established a new global regimen in matters of climate change. Latin American and Caribbean countries participate in additional processes regarding environmental sustainability, including the national development of the 2030 Agenda and the implementation of the Escazu Agreement. These and other instruments recognize the importance of an effective engagement with civil society stakeholders for the fulfillment of environmental sustainability goals. This study is based on the IDB Groups accumulated technical experience in matters of citizen participation. It identifies best practices employed in Jamaica to progress in climate commitments with the inclusion of civil society key players. The complete regional study, which includes the experiences of Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, and Peru is available at: https://publications.iadb.org/en/governments-and-civil-society-advancing-climate-agendas
Nulidad de los créditos revolving a través de la normativa de usura
Authors:   Universidad de La Rioja, REINHART SCHULLER ROBERT
Published: December 2020

Los créditos revolving se caracterizan por ser una modalidad crediticia flexible que puede ser utilizada tanto para fines empresariales, como de consumo. Las TAEs que suelen cobrarse como contraprestación suelen ser bastante elevadas; esto ha supuesto un alud de litigios en los últimos cinco años al considerarse esta tipología crediticia usuraria. Nos corresponde analizar las características de los créditos revolving y ver, a la luz de los dos únicos pronunciamientos (plenarios) del TS, si realmente el cauce de ineficacia pasa por la usura o si existen otras vías.
Elements of nonsense in the modern English fairy-tale (based on “The BFG, the Big Friendly Giant” by Roald Dahl)
Authors: Koltysheva Elena Yu. , Novik Evgenia V.
Published: December 2020

In the paper the definition of the fairy-tale is given and the features of the English fairy-tale are discussed. Being a game in the first place nonsense is considered to be the hallmark of the English fairy-tale. Nonsense may be considered both as a genre and as a literary device. The study is based on “The BFG”, an example of the English fairy-tale, written by the famous English writer Roald Dahl, who is known for using nonsense a lot in his works. The results of the literary and linguistic (on phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactic, semantic and graphic levels) analysis of “The BFG” are presented in the article. The authors come to the conclusion that the fairy-tale by Roald Dahl cannot be considered an example of “pure nonsense” despite some features of the genre. It is found out that nonsense as a literary device in the fairy-tale is based on the principles of the language game on all language levels. The fact that the book is written for children is reflected in the language of “The BFG”. The main character’s speech reminds of children’s speech which is characterised by the language game.
Concepts of linguistic expertise in the ordinary language consciousness

Concepts of linguistic expertise in the ordinary language consciousness

Concepts of linguistic expertise in the ordinary language consciousness
Authors: Talitskaya Anna A. , Ananeva Irina I.
Published: December 2020

The article points out the need to study the vocabulary that is actively used in controversial texts submitted for research by linguistic experts. The objects of consideration are concepts of linguistic expertise (swearing, invective, slander) that have a verbal expression. The features of perception of these lexemes by ordinary language consciousness are revealed. The psycholinguistic description of the studied concepts is based on the results of a psycholinguistic experiment conducted using the method of free associative experiment. The authors have compiled associative fields of lexemes, identified semantic groups and formulated psycholinguistic meanings. A comparison of lexicographic descriptions of lexemes and the experimental information. Lexicographic description of lexemes is based on both the explanatory dictionary of the Russian language and legal dictionaries, dictionaries of literary concepts, the dictionary of argo, etc. The problems of distinguishing the meanings of legal concepts and improving the legal literacy of native speakers are raised. It is shown that the studied lexemes are generally well assimilated by the language consciousness of native speakers (except for invective) and their legal aspect is partially realized by respondents. Some conclusions about the importance of conducting psycholinguistic research in the practice of linguistic expertise are made, because they allow us to clarify the meaning of legal concepts and show the features of perception of such concepts by ordinary language consciousness.
Dinámica relacional de los equipos de salud de atención primaria y su impacto en la construcción de la cogestión
Authors: Doricci Giovanna Cabral , Caccia-Bava Maria do Carmo Gullaci Guimarães , Guanaes-Lorenzi Carla
Published: December 2020

La cogestión es uno de los lineamientos de la Política Nacional de Humanización de Brasil, que propone la apertura de espacios colectivos como dispositivos para su construcción. Desde una perspectiva construccionista social, entre 2015 y 2018 se realizó una investigación cualitativa que buscó describir y analizar las dinámicas relacionales en dos contextos de atención primaria de la salud, una unidad de atención primaria tradicional y un centro de salud de la familia, con el propósito de abordar la cultura organizacional y el proceso de construcción social de la cogestión. El trabajo se llevó a cabo en dos etapas: el trabajo de campo y las entrevistas. El núcleo de salud familiar, al tener una cultura más cercana a la cogestión, se describen y analizan facilitadores, mientras que la unidad de atención primaria de la salud tradicional, al alejarse de la cogestión, se detallan los obstaculizadores. Buscamos mostrar que las dinámicas relacionales son complejas y fluidas y que, para su transformación, requieren de un trabajo artesanal y específico en cada contexto, por lo que la “implementación” de espacios colectivos no es suficiente para una cogestión efectiva.
Maxillary Arch Width Dimension and Cleft Width in Unilateral Cleft Patients - A Retrospective Study
Authors: S. V. Soumya , M. Kingsly Paul , S. Mahasampath Gowri
Published: December 2020

Objectives: 1. To formulate a normative data/Research data of maxillary arch dimension and cleft width in UCLP patients. 2. To formulate a Posterior cleft width prediction equation using anterior cleft width, which will help in organising the future treatment plan in the required sequence. Materials and Methods: A Sample of 20 unilateral CLP patients were selected from a patient pool who had reported to CMCH, for treatment. This study was approved by ethical committee at CMCH, Vellore. Inclusion criteria: 1. Models of patients with unilateral CLP were selected. 2. Models were taken before any Presurgical manipulation of hard or soft tissues was done. 3. Age of the patient was 3 to 4 months without any treatment began. Methods: The landmarks anterior, mid, posterior arch width was marked on the Study Model measurements were made using the digital Vernier caliper Figure and documented on excel worksheets. Data were summarized using mean and standard deviation. We used a linear regression model to identify the prediction equation of posterior having posterior as an outcome and anterior as predictor. The scatterplot with the linear fit was used to visualize the prediction. All the data were analyzed using STATA IC/16.0. Results: 1. Normative data was tabulated. 2. Prediction equation of posterior from anterior width Posterior= 39.25-0.21*(anterior). The equation explains that when anterior increase posterior decrease and this can quantify as for one-unit increase in anterior there will be 0.21 decrease in posterior width, but this change is not statistically significant (p=0.447). Conclusion: 1. A normative data of maxillary arch dimension and cleft width in UCLP patients was developed and tabulated which will be also be useful as Research data. 2. The Posterior cleft width prediction equation using anterior cleft width, will help in formulating the future treatment plan in required sequence and ease the method of impression making in unilateral Cleft lip and palate patients.
Relating Facial Asymmetry with Mandibular Morphometric Parameters: A CBCT Study
Authors: Datana Sanjeev , Agarwal Shiv Shankar , Bhandari S. K. , Chauhan Deepak
Published: December 2020

Introduction: It is imperative to have a sound knowledge of causes and various aspects of facial asymmetry. Objectives: To evaluate asymmetry in the lower third of face, correlate the asymmetry with morphological features of the mandible, to correlate the dental and skeletal asymmetry in the mandible and to determine a correlation between these parameters and skeletal asymmetry at point menton using CBCT. Methods: Pre-treatment records of 15 patients (07 males and 08 females, aged 16.93 ± 2.19 years) with asymmetry of lower third of face due to unknown aetiology and chin deviated to right (Group A, study group) were compared with 15 patients (07 males and 08 females, aged 16.12 ± 2.06 years) presenting with no gross facial asymmetry (Group B, control group). Multiplanar Reformation view of CBCT data in sagittal plane was used to assess condylar height, ramus length and mandibular body length in both groups. Results: The mean condylar heights on both sides were similar in Group B (P-value > 0.05). The condylar height on right side in Group A was smaller compared to the left side condyles in both groups (P-value < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in mean ramus and body length between the 02 groups (P-value > 0.05). The skeletal midline deviation was higher compared to the dental midline deviation towards right in Group A (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Condylar height is an important factor responsible for asymmetry of the lower third of the face and deviation of chin in adolescent patients with asymmetry of unknown aetiology.
Canadian Society of Vertebrate Palaeontology 2017 Meeting Abstracts
Authors: Murray Alison M
Published: December 2020

n/a
Improved semi-supervised learning technique for automatic detection of South African abusive language on Twitter
Authors: Oriola Oluwafemi , Kotzé Eduan
Published: December 2020

Semi-supervised learning is a potential solution for improving training data in low-resourced abusive language detection contexts such as South African abusive language detection on Twitter. However, the existing semi-supervised learning methods have been skewed towards small amounts of labelled data, with small feature space. This paper, therefore, presents a semi-supervised learning technique that improves the distribution of training data by assigning labels to unlabelled data based on the majority voting over different feature sets of labelled and unlabelled data clusters. The technique is applied to South African English corpora consisting of labelled and unlabelled abusive tweets. The proposed technique is compared with state-of-the-art self-learning and active learning techniques based on syntactic and semantic features. The performance of these techniques with Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine and Neural Networks are evaluated. The proposed technique, with accuracy and F1-score of 0.97 and 0.95, respectively, outperforms existing semi-supervised learning techniques. The learning curves show that the training data was used more efficiently by the proposed technique compared to existing techniques. Overall, n-gram syntactic features with a Logistic Regression classifier records the highest performance. The paper concludes that the proposed semi-supervised learning technique effectively detected implicit and explicit South African abusive language on Twitter.
Ht-index for empirical evaluation of the sampled graph-based Discrete Pulse Transform
Authors: De Lancey Mark , Fabris-Rotelli Inger
Published: December 2020

The Discrete Pulse Transform decomposes a signal into pulses, with the most recent and effective implementation being a graph-base algorithm called the Roadmaker’s Pavage. Even though an efficient implementation, the theoretical structure results in a slow, deterministic algorithm. This paper examines the use of the spectral domain of graphs and designs graph filter banks to downsample the algorithm, investigating the extent to which this speeds up the algorithm. Converting graph signals to the spectral domain is costly, thus estimation for filter banks is examined, as well as the design of a reusable filter bank. The sampled version requires hyperparameters to reconstruct the same textures of the image as the original algorithm, preventing a large scale study. Here an objective and efficient way of deriving similar results between the original and our proposed Filtered Roadmaker’s Pavage is provided. The method makes use of the Ht-index, separating the distribution of information at scale intervals. Empirical research using benchmark datasets provides improved results, showing that using the proposed algorithm consistently runs faster, uses less computational resources, while having a positive SSIM with low variance. This provides an informative and faster approximation to the nonlinear DPT, a property not standardly achievable.
DDLV: A System for rational preferential reasoning for datalog
Authors: Harrison Michael , Meyer Thomas
Published: December 2020

Datalog is a powerful language that can be used to represent explicit knowledge and compute inferences in knowledge bases. Datalog cannot, however, represent or reason about contradictory rules. This is a limitation as contradictions are often present in domains that contain exceptions. In this paper, we extend Datalog to represent contradictory and defeasible information. We define an approach to efficiently reason about contradictory information in Datalog and show that it satisfies the KLM requirements for a rational consequence relation. We introduce DDLV, a defeasible Datalog reasoning system that implements this approach. Finally, we evaluate the performance of DDLV.
Adapting Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Target Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Reardon Kathleen W. , Lawrence Erika , Mazurek Callie
Published: December 2020

Interventions for men who perpetrate intimate partner violence (IPV) have historically been relatively ineffective at reducing or stopping subsequent IPV. However, there are several strong theoretical reasons that suggest Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), an intervention that emphasizes the use of mindfulness and aims to foster psychological flexibility, may be particularly well-suited to interrupting the factors that maintain IPV. The goal of the present article is to review the evidence for the application of ACT to target IPV. In addition, empirical studies that have, to date, shown promising initial support for a targeted intervention (Achieving Change Through Values-Based Behavior; ACTV) are reviewed. The implications for using ACT-based skills with perpetrators of IPV are discussed, along with potential future directions and further applications of ACT to hard-to-treat populations.
Süreç Ortalaması için Tek Taraflı Medyan Kalite Kontrol Kartı
Authors: Turhan Nejla , Yurt Öncel Sevgi
Published: December 2020

Bir fabrikanın üretim sürecinin kalitesini kontrol etmek amacıyla kullandığı en hızlı, ve güvenilir yöntemlerden biri klasik Shewhart kontrol kartlarıdır. Ancak küçük örneklem durumunda, normal dağılım varsayımının şüpheli olduğu durumlarda ve çarpık ya da ağır kuyruklu dağılım söz konusu olduğunda Shewhart kontrol kartı ile süreci takip etmek riskli olacaktır. Böyle durumlarda parametrik olmayan kontrol kartları tercih edilir. Bu çalışmada tek taraflı parametrik olmayan kontrol kartları ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Ön istatistiğe dayalı tek taraflı medyan kontrol kartı için yanlış alarm oranı, çalışma uzunluğu ve ortalama çalışma uzunluğunun değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Medyan kontrol kartlarının tek dezavantajı hesaplamalarının güçlüğüdür. Bu güçlüğü gidermek için farklı örneklem hacimleri ve farklı olasılıklar için yapılan hesaplamalar orijinal tablolarda sunulmuştur. Ülkemizde üretim yapan ve istatistiksel kalite kontrol sürecine önem veren sanayi kuruluşları için hazırlanan bu tablolar büyük kolaylıklar sağlayacaktır. Çalışmanın sonunda bir veri seti üzerinde uygulama yapılarak ön istatistiğine dayalı medyan kontrol kartının kullanımı gösterilmiştir.
Geleneksel Diyarbakır Örgü Peynirinin Tekstürel Özellikleri ve Mikrobiyal Florasının Depolama Periyodu Boyunca Değişimi
Authors: Hatipoğlu Abdulkerim , Çelik Şerafettin
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, Karacadağ havzasında Diyarbakır Örgü peynirinin üretildiği küçük ölçekli 8 adet süt işletmesinden 2013 yılında alınan toplam 32 adet peynir örneği, 6±1 °C’de 120 gün süreyle depolanmıştır. Depolama periyodu boyunca 30 gün aralıkla peynirin tekstürel özellikleri ile mikrobiyal florasının değişimi araştırılmıştır. Depolama periyodu boyunca Diyarbakır Örgü peynirinde sertlik (N), yapışkanlık (N.s), elastikiyet (cm), bağlayıcılık, sakızımsılık (N) ve çiğnenebilirlik (mJ) değerlerinde önemli düzeyde azalma tespit edilmiştir (P<0.01). Başka bir ifadeyle, taze peynir sert ve elastik olmasına rağmen, olgun peynirin ise yumuşadığı, elastikiyetinin azaldığı, yapışkan ve daha kolay çiğnenebilir olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Mikrobiyolojik veriler bağlamında, taze peynirin tüketici sağlığı açısından ciddi enfeksiyonel risk oluşturduğu, ancak gıda güvenliği ve tüketici sağlığı açısından depolama periyodunun 60. gününde riskin minimize olduğu ve tüketime sunulabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Nanotel Yapılı Kalem Grafit Elektrotlar Kullanılarak Prometazinin Voltametrik Tayini
Authors: Sardohan Köseoğlu Tuğba , Durgut Aybüke
Published: December 2020

Çalışmada, prometazin tayini için kalem grafit elektrot (KGE) temelli polimerik nanotel yapılı elektrotlar (KGE-AY-NT1 ve KGE-AY-NT2) hazırlanmıştır. Döngü sayısı, tarama hızı ve ortam pH değeri gibi parametreler optimize edilmiştir. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda, optimum döngü sayısı 4, tarama hızı 100 mV/s ve ortamın pH değeri 4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Elektrotlar dönüşümlü voltametri (CV) yöntemi ile hazırlanmıştır. Elektrotların prometazin tayini üzerindeki performansı ise diferansiyel puls voltametrisi (DPV) yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır. Doğrusal çalışma aralığına 0.05-0.3 mM prometazin derişim aralığında (KGE-AY-NT1; R2=0.9995 ve KGE-AY-NT2; R2=0.9996) ulaşılmıştır. KGE-AY-NT1 ve KGE-AY-NT2 elektrotlar için gözlenebilme sınırları (LOD) sırasıyla 0.015 mM ve 0.012 mM olarak bulunmuştur (S/N=3). Girişim etkisi deney sonuçları, KGE-AY-NT1 ve KGE-AY-NT2 elektrotlarının prometazine karşı seçicilik ve hassasiyetinin, girişim yapan türlerin varlığından önemli ölçüde etkilenmediğini göstermiştir. Geliştirilen elektrotlar, standart ekleme yöntemi ile idrar numunesine katkılandırılmış prometazinin tayininde uygulanmış ve yöntemin geri kazanım değerlerinin %100’e yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Carbon isotope natural abundance (δ13C) in grapevine organs is modulated by both water and nitrogen supply
Authors: Taskos Demetris , Zioziou Eleftheria , Nikolaou Nikolaos , Doupis Georgios , Koundouras Stefanos
Published: December 2020

Our objective was to investigate the effect of water and nitrogen (N) availability on the carbon isotope composition of leaf blades, canes and ripe berry must (juice) in field grown grapevines.In two consecutive years, the combination of two irrigation treatments [Irrigation (I): 70 % of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and no irrigation (NI)] and three rates of ammonium nitrate [0 (N0), 60 (N60) and 120 (N120) kg/ha N] were applied to two separate vineyards planted with cv. Xinomavro and cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon respectively in a randomised complete block design. Carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of leaf blades, stem water potential (Ψs), and leaf gas exchange were measured at berry set, bunch closure, veraison and maturity during each growing season. δ13C of bulk berry must at maturity and of dormant canes was also measured.Leaf δ13C and cane δ13C decreased with water supply, but increased with N fertilisation. Must δ13C was lower in the irrigated N0 and N60 vines, whereas irrigation treatments did not differ under the N120 rate. The relative weight of irrigation and fertilisation effect on leaf δ13C varied across samplings: N application accounted for a higher proportion of leaf δ13C variance during the early stages of berry growth, whereas irrigation induced higher variance of leaf δ13C after veraison. The weight of the irrigation effect on cane δ13C was higher from that of fertilisation.Discrimination mechanisms against 13C in grapevine could be mediated by both N fertilisation and irrigation. The well-documented explanation of δ13C variation based on isotopic effects during CO2 diffusion through leaf stomata and carboxylation driven by water conditions may not apply to all cases, since additional discriminating processes against 13C associated with CO2 transfer from the intercellular spaces to the carboxylation sites may be affected by nitrogen supply.The study provides evidence for the first time that carbon isotope composition of leaf blades, canes and berry must is modulated by nitrogen supply. Interpretations of carbon isotope natural abundance in field grown grapevine tissues should therefore consider both water and nitrogen availability.
Antiterapias, de Jacques Fux: a leitura posta em metaficção
Authors: Silva Vera Lopes da
Published: December 2020

Este estudo se dedica a refletir sobre a  categoria narrador em Antiterapias, de Jacques Fux, de forma a  elucidar o modo metanarrativo de operar a obra, sua ação construtora de um leitor-escritor-narrador, projeção motivada na e pela contemporaneidade. A obra ilustra a relação entre leitura e criação, faces que se entrançam e desenham um mapa de leituras. Trata-se de uma composição  concebida como um testemunho manifesto na encenação de um leitor que se projeta como escritor que narra a si  nas suas dispersões numa biblioteca labiríntica.
Machine Learning Based Algorithms for Global Dust Aerosol Detection From Satellite Images: Inter-Comparisons and Evaluation
Authors: Lee Jangho , Shi Yingxi Rona , Cai Changjie , Ciren Pubu , Wang Jianwu , Gangopadhyay Aryya , Zhang Zhibo
Published: December 2020

Identifying dust aerosols from passive satellite images is of great interest for many applications. In this study, we developed 5 different machine-learning (ML) and deep-learning (DL) based algorithms, including Logistic Regression, K Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest (RF), Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), to identify dust aerosols in the daytime satellite images from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) under cloud-free conditions on a global scale. In order to train the ML and DL algorithms, we collocated the state-of-the-art dust detection product from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) with the VIIRS observations along the CALIOP track. The 16 VIIRS M-band observations with the center wavelength ranging from deep blue to thermal infrared, together with solar-viewing geometries and pixel time and locations, are used as the predictor variables. Four different sets of training input data are constructed based on different combinations of VIIRS pixel and predictor variables. The validation and comparison results based on the collocated CALIOP data indicates that the FFNN method based on all available predictor variables is the best performing one among all methods. It has an averaged dust detection accuracy of about 81 %, 89 % and 85 % over land, ocean and whole globe, respectively, compared with collocated CALIOP. When applied to off-track VIIRS pixels, the FFNN method retrieves geographical distributions of dust that are in good agreement with on-track results as well as CALIOP statistics. For further evaluation, we compared our results based on the ML and DL algorithms to NOAA’s Aerosol Detection Product (ADP) , which is a product that classifies dust, smoke and ash using physical-based methods. The comparison reveals both similarity and differences. Overall, this study demonstrates the great potential of ML and DL methods for dust detection and proves that these methods can be trained on the CALIOP track and then applied to the whole granule of VIIRS granule.
Management of Anemia of Chronic Disease: Beyond Iron-Only Supplementation.
Authors: Pasini Evasio , Corsetti Giovanni , Romano Claudia , Aquilani Roberto , Scarabelli Tiziano , Chen-Scarabelli Carol , Dioguardi Francesco S.
Published: December 2020

Chronic diseases are characterised by cell’s autophagy and proteins disarrangement resulting in sarcopenia, hypoalbuminemia and hypo-haemoglobinaemia. Hypo-haemoglobinaemia couses worse prognosis independentely of the principal disease. Currently, the cornerstone of therapy of anaemia is iron supplementation, with or without erythropoietin for the stimulation of hematopoiesis. However, treatment strategies should incorporate the addition of heme, the principal biochemical constituent of haemoglobin. Heme synthesis follows a complex biochemical pathway. The limiting step of heme synthesis is D-ALA availability which, for its synthesis, requires Glycine and Succinil-CoA. Consequently, treatment of anaemia should not be based only on iron availability, but also on the availability of the molecules fundamental for heme synthesis. Therefore, an adequate clinical therapeutic strategy should integrate the standard iron infusion and the supply of essential amino acids and vitamins involved in the heme synthesis. We report preliminary data in selected elderly anaemic patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and catabolic disarrangement, who, in addition to standard iron therapy, received personalized therapy with essential-AAs and vitamins involved in the maintenance of heme. Notably, such individualized therapy resulted in a significant increase in the serum concentration of haemoglobin after 30 days of treatment compared to standard iron therapy.
Trends in Pediatric Candidemia: Epidemiology, Anti-Fungal Susceptibility and Patient Characteristics in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Piqueras Anabel , Ganapathi Lakshmi , Carpenter Jane F. , Rubio Thomas , Sandora Thomas J. , Flett Kelly B. , Köhler Julia R.
Published: December 2020

Background. Candida bloodstream infections (CBSIs) have decreased among pediatric populations in the United States, but remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Species distributions and susceptibility patterns of CBSI isolates diverge widely between children and adults. Awareness of these patterns can inform clinical decision-making for empiric or pre-emptive therapy of children at risk for candidemia. Methods. CBSIs occurring from 2006-2016 among patients in a large children’s hospital were analyzed for age specific trends in incidence rate, risk factors for breakthrough-CBSI and death, as well as underlying conditions. Candida species distributions and susceptibility patterns were evaluated in addition to antifungal agent use. Results. The overall incidence rate of CBSI among this complex patient population was 1.97/1,000 patient-days. About half of CBSI episodes occurred in immunocompetent children and 14% in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) patients. Antifungal resistance was minimal: 96.7% of isolates were fluconazole-, 99% were micafungin-, and all were amphotericin susceptible. Liposomal amphotericin was the most commonly prescribed antifungal agent including for NICU patients. Overall CBSI-associated mortality was 13.7%; there were no deaths associated with CBSI among NICU patients after 2011. Conclusions. Pediatric CBSI characteristics differ substantially from those in adults. Improved management of underlying diseases and antimicrobial stewardship may further decrease morbidity and mortality from CBSI while continuing to maintain low resistance rates among Candida isolates.
MicroRNAs Modulation and Clinical Outcomes at 1 Year of Follow-Up After Excision of Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat in Overweight Patients with Pre-Diabetes Treated with Metformin vs. Placebo
Authors: Sardu Celestino , Trotta Maria Consiglia , Pieretti Gorizio , Gatta Gianluca , Ferrara Giuseppe , Nicoletti Giovanni Francesco , D’Amico Michele , Paolisso Giuseppe , Marfella Raffaele
Published: December 2020

Background: obese pre-diabetics have altered expression of cytokines, and sirtuin-1, that might influence myocardial function via microRNAs (miRs) expression. Objectives: to evaluate inflammatory/oxidative stress, miRs’ expression and cardiovascular function in obese pre-diabetics randomly assigned to metformin therapy vs. placebo vs. normo-glycemics at 12 months of follow-up. Materials and methods: eighty-three obese patients enrolled for abdominoplastic surgery, were divided in pre-diabetics (n 55), normo-glycemics (n 28), and assigned to hypocaloric diet. Pre-diabetics were randomly assigned to metformin (n 23) or to placebo (n 22) plus hypocaloric diet. Results: at enrollment, pre-diabetics obese vs. normo-glycemic presented higher values of glucose, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), inflammatory/oxidative stress markers, miR-195 and miR-27, and lower values of sirtuin-1 (p<0.05). At 12 months of follow up, obese pre-diabetics with metformin vs. placebo experienced significant reduction of glucose values, HOMA-IR, and inflammatory/oxidative stress markers, with significant reduction of intima-media thickness (IMT), septum and posterior wall thickness, and left ventricle mass (LVM), (p <0.05). At 12 months of follow-up, obese pre-diabetics with placebo vs. normo-glycemics had higher values of inflammatory/oxidative stress markers, higher values of IMT, septum and posterior wall thickness, LVM, and myocardial performance index (MPI), (p<0.05). Obese pre-diabetics in metformin vs. placebo, and obese pre-diabetics with placebo vs. normoglycemics, had significant differences about IMT, MPI, and LVM (p<0.05). Obese pre-diabetics in metformin vs. placebo showed significant reduction of serum miR-195 and miR-27 (p<0.05). Obese pre-diabetics in metformin vs. normoglycemics showed higher expression of serum miR-195 and miR-27 ( p<0.05). Finally, we found inverse relation between IMT and insulin (R -0.351), HOMA-IR (R -0.340), miR-195 (R -0.355), miR-27 (R -0.181); between LVEF and Insulin (R -0.332), HOMA-IR (R -0.142), miR-195 (R -0.297) and miR-27 (R -0.163). We found inverse correlation between LVM and sirtuin-1 (R -0.272), Insulin (R -0.810), HOMA-IR (R-0.183), miR-195 (R -0.446) and miR-27 (R-0.433), and direct correlation with interleukin-6 (R 0.195). MPI inversely linked to miR-195 (R -0.260) and miR-27 (R -0.591). Conclusion: in obese pre-diabetics metformin therapy significantly reduces inflammation/oxidative stress, circulating miR-195 and miR-27, causing reduction of LVM, IMT and amelioration of cardiac performance.