bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SОMЕ ІSSUЕS ОF ІNVЕSTІGАTІОN ОF TЕRRОRІST СRІMЕS
Authors: Абдулвалиев Алмаз
Published: June 2024

Tһе рrоblеm оf соmbаtіng tеrrоrіst сrіmеs іs оnе оf tһе mоst urgеnt tаsks fасіng lаw еnfоrсеmеnt аgеnсіеs аnd sресіаl sеrvісеs. Һоwеvеr, а suссеssful fіgһt аgаіnst tһіs рһеnоmеnоn, wһісһ һаs һоrrіfіс соnsеquеnсеs, іs іmроssіblе wіtһоut tһе dеvеlорmеnt оf sресіаl mеtһоds fоr іnvеstіgаtіng tеrrоrіst сrіmеs. Tһе mеtһоdоlоgу оf tеrrоrіsm іnvеstіgаtіоn studіеs tһе раttеrns оf оrgаnіzаtіоn аnd іmрlеmеntаtіоn оf dіsсlоsurе, іnvеstіgаtіоn аnd рrеvеntіоn оf tеrrоrіst сrіmеs іn оrdеr tо dеvеlор, іn ассоrdаnсе wіtһ tһе rеquіrеmеnts оf lеgаlіtу, sсіеntіfісаllу sоund rесоmmеndаtіоns fоr tһе mоst еffесtіvе іnvеstіgаtіоn.
Tһе gеnеrаlіzаtіоn оf іnvеstіgаtіvе рrасtісе іnvоlvеs tһе dеvеlорmеnt оf suсһ аn іmроrtаnt tһіng fоr tһе fіgһt аgаіnst tеrrоrіsm аs tһе sеаrсһ fоr nеw sсіеntіfісаllу sоund wауs аnd fоrms іn tһе wоrk оf tһе іnvеstіgаtоr. Tһе suссеss оf tһе іnvеstіgаtіоn оf сrіmеs dереnds nоt оnlу оn а mеtһоdісаllу соrrесt аррrоасһ tо tһе іnvеstіgаtіоn рrосеss, but аlsо оn сlоsе іntеrасtіоn wіtһ ореrаtіоnаl stаff, еffесtіvе usе оf sресіаl knоwlеdgе іn оrdеr tо еstаblіsһ tһе trutһ, tһе һеlр оf tһе mеdіа аnd tһе рublіс. Tһе studу rеvеаlеd tһе mаіn fеаturеs оf tһе іnvеstіgаtіоn оf tеrrоrіst сrіmеs, аs wеll аs а соmраrіsоn wіtһ tһе іnvеstіgаtіоn оf оtһеr tуреs оf сrіmеs. Tһе mаіn rеsults оf tһе studу wеrе tһе dеvеlорmеnt оf rесоmmеndаtіоns fоr іmрrоvіng tһе mеtһоds оf іnvеstіgаtіng tеrrоrіst сrіmеs, аs wеll аs іdеntіfуіng kеу роіnts tһаt lаw еnfоrсеmеnt аgеnсіеs sһоuld рау аttеntіоn tо wһеn іnvеstіgаtіng suсһ саsеs.
Tһе tһеоrеtісаl sіgnіfісаnсе оf tһе соnduсtеd rеsеаrсһ lіеs іn ехраndіng knоwlеdgе аbоut tһе mеtһоds оf іnvеstіgаtіng tеrrоrіst сrіmеs аnd іdеntіfуіng tһе mаіn dіffісultіеs fасеd bу lаw еnfоrсеmеnt аgеnсіеs. Tһе рrасtісаl sіgnіfісаnсе оf tһіs wоrk lіеs іn tһе роssіbіlіtу оf usіng tһе dеvеlореd rесоmmеndаtіоns іn рlаnnіng аnd соnduсtіng іnvеstіgаtіоns оf tеrrоrіst сrіmеs, wһісһ соntrіbutеs tо іmрrоvіng tһе еffесtіvеnеss оf tһе fіgһt аgаіnst tеrrоrіsm аnd еnsurіng рublіс sаfеtу.
School-Based Professional Development (SBPD) Model: School Principals' Opinions and Suggestions
Authors:   Başkent University, Sadegul Akbaba Altun , Ilayda Koklucan
Published: June 2024

The School-Based Professional Development (SBPD) Model is a program developed by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) to address the individual and professional needs of principals and teachers by providing them with specific competencies. The Regulation on In-Service Training for Ministry of National Education Personnel, published by MoNE in 2022, introduced three new approaches: School-Based Professional Development, Professional Development Communities, and Teacher Mobility Program. School-based professional development activities have recently gained importance as a crucial component of the in-service training plan for teachers. Given that school principals are primarily responsible for planning and implementing these practices in schools, it is important to consider their opinions, suggestions, and needs in the process. This qualitative research involved in-depth interviews with 18 school principals using a semi-structured interview format, and data analysis was conducted using content analysis. The results indicated that school principals generally viewed the SBPD Model positively and expressed a need for expanding its implementation.
Influence of Home Gardening on Household Food Security in Rarieda Sub-County of Siaya County in Kenya
Authors: Anyona Eunice Achieng , Obuoyo Joyce , Mutavi Irene
Published: June 2024

The number of people lacking food security globally is on the rise despite the numerous global interventions put in place to address it. About 2.3 billion people lack food security, with 828 million of them being undernourished. In Kenya, approximately 17 million people are food insecure with two million relying on food relief. Almost 80% and 68% of Siaya and Rarieda households are not food secure. This study employed cross-sectional research design to examine the influence of home gardening on household food security in Rarieda sub-County. Analytical results indicated that about 73.53% of the respondents practiced home gardening to boost household food security. Grains, horticultural crops, aquaculture and livestock farming were characteristic features of home gardening. The results indicated a strong positive and significant correlation between home gardening and household food security (r=0.633; ρ<0.000) with a composite mean and standard deviation of 3.23 and 1.315, respectively. The study concluded that home gardening strongly, positively and significantly influenced household food security in Rarieda sub-County. The study recommended that home gardening be embraced and promoted not only in Rarieda but also in Kenya at large so as enhance food security.
Adherence to Dialysis Therapy and Associated Factors Among Insured Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Attending Dialysis Centers in Northern Zone of Tanzania
Authors: Charles Cesilia , Kilonzo Kajiru , Muro Florida , Moshi Baraka
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study was to determine adherence to dialysis therapy and associated factors among insured patients with end stage renal disease attending dialysis centers in the Northern zone of Tanzania. It was a hospital based cross-sectional study using both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection via interviews. Categorical variables were summarized by frequency and percentage while continuous variables were summarized by mean and standard deviation the factors associated with adherence to dialysis therapy were estimated by multivariable logistic regression and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, findings with p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The study revealed that adherence to dialysis therapy was 55% and significant factors associated with adherence were age above 60 years, higher education level, unemployment, more than five (5) years in dialysis, transport unavailability, and high frequency of receiving health information. Thematic analysis revealed inaccessibility of dialysis services in terms of travel distance, poor roads and financial constraints were factors for non-adherence. While social support, awareness of disease and desire to prolong life were factors for good adherence. Collectively the results seem to indicate that more than half of insured patients with ESRD had good adherence status. Findings from this study recommend the need of strong social support relationship between patients, family members and HCWs in dialysis units. In addition, health system should Prioritize transport access, road infrastructure, proximity to dialysis centers and ongoing patient education and counseling.
A Qualitative Research on The Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and Higher Education Performance in Tunisia
Authors: Ichrak RIAHI
Published: June 2024

The recent rise of artificial intelligence represents an unprecedented revolution for our societies. AI has brought about a significant transformation in higher education, which has affected the majority of pedagogical aspects and all stakeholders in the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. This article aims to explore the perception of artificial intelligence among teachers and students. Thus, this work attempts to understand the role of AI in improving the performance of higher education in Tunisia. To this end, we carried out a state-of-the-art review on this subject. Semi-directive interviews were conducted with 12 teachers and 12 students at two Higher Institutes of Management (ISG Tunis and ISG Bizerte). Using two qualitative analysis techniques, we were able to gain insight into the perception of AI in the university world. In addition, this research enabled us to identify potential intelligent applications to be used to improve pedagogy, with the aim of minimising the potential negative effects of this new technology. This qualitative research has led us to put forward a set of evaluation factors relating to the performance of higher education in Tunisia.
Environmental and Social Impact of Sand Mining Activities Along the Odene-Aguleri River, Anambra State Nigeria
Authors: O.G Ogbo , M. Amaechi , U.C. Okonkwo
Published: June 2024

Sand mining along the Odene-Aguleri River in Anambra State, Nigeria, presents significant environmental and social challenges, exacerbated by unregulated extraction methods. This research aimed to evaluate the impacts of these activities, focusing on environmental degradation and the ensuing socio-economic effects on local communities. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews with both community members and stakeholders involved in sand mining. The results indicate severe environmental disruptions, depreciated water quality, riverbank erosion, loss of aquatic habitats, and increased river turbidity, which affect the river’s health and local biodiversity. Economically, while sand mining provides significant employment opportunities, it also results in land disputes and alters the socio-economic dynamics of the communities. The community of Odene-Aguleri reported higher incidents of erosion and habitat loss, emphasizing the urgent need for regulatory oversight. The findings of this study suggest that despite its economic benefits, the current practice of sand mining along the Odene-Aguleri River is unsustainable and detrimental. It is recommended that strict environmental regulations be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts.
A Study of The Exact Solutions and Conservation Laws of The Classical Lonngren Wave Equation for Communication Signals
Authors: Lephoko M. Y. T. , Khalique C. M.
Published: June 2024

This study undertakes a comprehensive examination of the classical Lonngren wave equation, a fundamental computational model used for simulating electrical signals in semiconductor materials, with specific emphasis on the tunnel diode. {The primary objective of this study is to attain novel and more comprehensive solutions beyond those documented in existing literature. To achieve this goal, we have employed well-established mathematical methods, specifically analysis via Lie symmetry, coupled with other specialized techniques such as the power series method and Jacobi elliptic expansion technique. Notably, this marks the inaugural application of these methodologies to the classical Lonngren wave equation, signifying a pioneering endeavor in the exploration of this equation using these analytical tools.} These methodologies yield solutions characterized by elliptic functions. The results are visually presented through 3D, 2D, and density plots, effectively illustrating the characteristics of these solutions. The visual representations reveal a range of patterns, including periodic and singular periodic solutions. Furthermore, the paper applies the multiplier method and leverages the conservation theorem introduced by Ibragimov to derive conserved vectors. These conserved vectors play a pivotal role in the examination of physical quantities, such as energy and momentum conservation, thereby enhancing our understanding of the underlying physics within the system.
Designing Lsa46-Based Multi-Epitope Peptide Vaccine Against Leptospirosis: Immunoinformatic Approach
Authors: Ibrahim Junaida M. , Satheeshkumar Padikara K. , Nair Achuthsankar S. , Oommen Oommen V. , Sudhakaran Perumana R.
Published: June 2024

Leptospirosis represents a significant global public health problem due to its epidemiological impact, complex pathogen biology, and diverse clinical manifestations. Effective treatment, management, and preventive measures, including vaccination, are vital for addressing this disease. Lsa46, a surface-exposed outer membrane protein in leptospires, plays a crucial role in pathogenesis. In this study, we utilized multiple epitopes predicted from Lsa46, validated in previous study, to design a potential vaccine candidate construct. The antigenicity, allergenicity, autoimmunity, population coverage, immune simulation, molecular interactions etc. were assessed using various computational tools. 3D structure modeling revealed a stable and high quality model for epitope constructs. Immune simulation confirmed a robust immune response induced by the Designer Epitope construct, including IgG, IgM, MHCI, MHCII, cytokines, and interleukins production. Interaction analysis with immune cells and receptors, such as TCRαβ, TCRγδ, and TLRs, provided insights into the epitope construct's potential immunogenic response. Docking studies with TLR2 and TLR4 indicated their interaction with the epitope, suggesting their involvement in the immune response against leptospirosis. Further experimental validations are required to confirm these prediction results.
 
Received: 21 February 2024 | Revised: 6 May 2024 | Accepted: 20 June 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
All the data discussed have been included in the manuscript and with its supplementary figures and tables.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Junaida M. Ibrahim: Methodology, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization. Padikara K. Satheeshkumar: Investigation, Writing - review & editing, Project administration. Achuthsankar S. Nair: Methodology, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Project administration. Oommen V. Oommen: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation,Resources, Writing - review & editing, Project administration. Perumana R. Sudhakaran: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Project administration.
Tâhâ Huseyn’in “Mustakbelu’s-Sekâfe Fî Mısr” Adlı Eserinde Eğitime ve Arap Diline Dair Görüşleri
Authors: Adalar Subaşı Derya
Published: June 2024

Mısırlı önemli bir yazar, eleştirmen ve bir entelektüel olan Tâhâ Huseyn aynı zamanda Mısır’ın çağdaşlaşmasına önemli katkılar sağlamış bir ediptir. Mısır’ın gelişme döneminde yaşadığı sorunlara bir akademisyen gözüyle bakmış, çözüm yolları üretebilmiştir. Farklı alanlardaki çalışmalarıyla bugün bile araştırmacıların dikkati çekmektedir. Onun Mustakbelu’s-Sekâfe fî Mısr (Mısır’da Kültürün Geleceği) adlı eserindeki görüşlerinden hareketle oluşturulan bu çalışmada eğitimin ve dilin bir toplumun ilerlemesinde yarattığı etki Tâhâ Huseyn’in perspektifinden gözler önüne serilecektir. Tâhâ Huseyn’in, Fransa'dan Mısır’a döndükten sonra yazdığı bu eser, adeta Mısır eğitim sistemi konusundaki hayal kırıklıklarını dile getirdiği bir manifesto niteliği taşımaktadır. Mısır’ın eğitim sistemindeki bu çarpıklıkların düzelmesinin yolunu da batının örnek alındığı bir eğitim sistemini uygulamakta bulmaktadır. İlköğretim ilk olarak fertlerin yaşamını sürdürebilmesi için, ikinci olarak da devletin milli birliğini oluşturabilmesi için gereklidir. Aynı şekilde ulusların bekasını ve devamlılığını sağlaması için ilköğretime ihtiyacı vardır. Çünkü nesilden nesile tüm bireylere nakledilmek zorunda olan milli mirasın içinde ilköğretim de bulunmaktadır. Öğrenilmesi gereken yabancı dillerin İngilizce ve Fransızcayla da sınırlanmaması gerektiğini savunan Huseyn, bilim, edebiyat, felsefe, kültür ve bilginin sadece İngilizlere ve Fransızlara özgü olmadığını, en az İngilizce ve Fransızca kadar ayrıcalıklı başka canlı Avrupa dillerinin de bulunduğunu söylemektedir. Bu milletler de kültürel ve bilimsel yönden en az İngilizler ve Fransızlar kadar başarılı ve özelliklidir. Arapçanın, İslam’ın dili veya geçmiş çağlarda yaşamış Arapların dili olduğu için değil hem geçmişin hem de bugünün ve gelecek nesillerin dili olacağı için öğrenilmesi gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Arapçanın din dili olduğu için öğretildiğini iddia edenler karşısında dinin dilini konuşmanın güzel olduğunu ancak bunu kabul etmekle birlikte dilin her şeyden, durağanlıktan, fikir özgürlüğünden muaf olması gerektiğini, dinin de bütün bunlardan muaf olduğunu belirtmektedir.
Legitimizing Mediated Islamophobic Actions: Example “X”
Authors: Somuncu Burak
Published: June 2024

The media plays an active role in spreading Islamophobia, with an increase in Islamophobic content and discourses in new media in recent years leading academic studies to focus on this issue. New media tools offer free and unlimited sharing opportunities to their users, becoming platforms where hate speech against religious groups is developed and spread. One such platform where freedom of speech is violated is X, formerly known as Twitter. It is crucial to determine the approach of content on social media platforms towards Islam, Muslims, and their sacred values. This study discusses posts made through burning/tearing actions on the X platform, covering the first 9 months of 2023. The findings, based on posts from 23 X accounts analyzed using qualitative-oriented content analysis, reveal that concepts related to Islam and Muslims with negative connotations were frequently used. The posts framed a narrative portraying Islam and Muslims as pro-violence, intolerant, and hostile. Acts of burning and tearing the Holy Quran were largely justified as freedom of speech, with a narrative of exclusion, accusation, distortion, and disdain towards Muslims who disagreed.
Terrorism and the Media-The Right to Know and the Challenges of Extortion
Authors: Kirat Mohamed
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the relationship between media, government, and terrorism. It investigates what terrorists want from the media, what governments seek from the media when covering terrorism, and what the media aims to achieve in its coverage of terrorism. The paper discusses coverage versus boycott, extortion and exploitation, ethical considerations, the war on terrorism and public diplomacy, current trends in terrorist operations, and attacks on journalists and media institutions, the Media in the West, and the Middle East dealings with terrorism. The purpose of the study is to investigate the complex relationship of three parties (terrorists, media, and government) with different objectives and agendas. The problem of media and terrorism lies in the conflicting interests and goals of these three different entities. The author used several case studies related to the problem of this study to highlight the conflictual approach to terrorism and how each entity looks at it, making the equation of terrorism, government, and media complex, challenging, and extremely sensitive that must be managed with caution. Both media and political institutions must consider several factors such as national security, public interest, economic, political, and ethical considerations. The relationship between terrorism, media and governments are characterized by a set of challenges, such as the public right to know and the potential for extortion and exploitation by terrorist groups, and the attempts from the governments to set the agendas. How can the media serve the truth without falling into the trap of extortion, exploitation, without succumbing to the pursuit of journalistic scoops, and sensationalism and without falling into the pressure of control and pressures from the governments?
Reception Practices of Azerbaijani Audience for Turkish Television Programs in the Context of Religious Perception
Authors: İlhan Vahit , Sadıç Faruk
Published: June 2024

The subject of this study revolves around the examination of the reception processes of Azerbaijani viewers regarding their practices of watching television channels broadcasting in Türkiye within the framework of cultural studies, particularly within the context of religious perceptions. In this regard, employing the viewer-centered reception method within the tradition of Cultural Studies, the reception modes developed by participants living in various cities of Azerbaijan who watch religious content from Turkish television programs were scrutinized. To ascertain the identification of dominant, negotiated, and oppositional reading forms utilized in audience reception research, and to obtain data regarding meaning-making and reception practices concerning the contents watched by Azerbaijani viewers, a total of 4 different focus group discussions were conducted, consisting of 36 participants. These discussions took place with participants residing in the cities of Baku, Sumqayit, Ganja, and Nakhchivan in Azerbaijan who follow Turkish television channels. As a result, the study revealed that content containing religious knowledge or broadcasting religious programs through television is received by viewers through various readings. It was understood that viewers engage in diversified negotiated and oppositional readings within the content contexts, generally as participants, regarding religious content presented in various formats.
Hârizmşahlar Devleti-Irak Selçuklu Devleti İlişkilerine Dair Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Günler Mevlüt , Sülük Mahir
Published: June 2024

Devletler arası ilişkiler tarafları siyasi, askeri, toplumsal ve ekonomik anlamda şekillendirdiği gibi çevre devletler ile toplumları da etkilemektedir. Özellikle var olan siyasi teşekkülün son dönemi ile tarih sahnesinden çekilmesi, yeni bir oluşumun ortaya çıkması ve kimlik kazanmasında etken unsurların başında gelmektedir. Bununla birlikte yeni oluşum çevreden etkilendiği gibi çevresine yeni bir dinamizm ve hüviyet de kazandırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Büyük Selçuklu Devleti’nin zayıflaması ve son bulması, Irak Selçukluları ile Hârizmşahların tebarüz etmeleri neticesiyle sonuçlanmıştır. Irak Selçukluları, hanedan üyesi olarak ana gövdenin devamı niteliği taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla Irak Selçuklu Hükümdarları Büyük Selçuklu mirasının doğal temsilcisi olarak siyaset izlemeye özen gösterdikleri gibi zaman zaman da çevre siyasi teşekküller tarafından da bu hüviyetle kabul görmüşlerdir. Diğer taraftan Hârizmşahlar ise atanmış vali statüsünden öncelikle bağımsız ve muktedir hükümdar kisvesine dönüşmüş; akabinde de Selçuklu mirasının mirasçısı sıfatıyla bölgenin etkin güçlerinden biri haline gelmişlerdir. Bu bağlamda 1157 tarihinde Sultan Sencer’in vefatı önemli bir dönüm noktası olarak dikkatleri çekmektedir. Onun vefatıyla birlikte Selçuklu sahasında ileri gelen bürokrat ve hanedan mensupları gelecek arayışı içerisinde faaliyetlerde bulunmaya başlamışlardır. Şüphesiz dikkat çeken faaliyetlerden biri de İlarslan idaresindeki Hârizmşahların bağımsız bir devlete dönüşerek Selçuklu mirasçısı kimliğine bürünmesidir. Gerek Irak Selçukluları gerekse de Hârizmşahlar, Selçuklu sahası ve Abbasilerle olan ilişkileri bağlamında araştırmacıların dikkatini çekmiş diplomatik, askeri ve diğer yönleriyle ilgili kıymetli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Biz ise bu çalışmamızda Hârizmşahlar ve Irak Selçukluları ilişkilerini tarihi seyre uygun ele alarak her iki devlet ve coğrafya bağlamında değerlendirip literatüre katkı vermek niyetindeyiz.
Ezrakī-i Herevî’nin Togan Şah’a Sunduğu Methiyeler
Authors: Uzunoğlu Sayın Esengül
Published: June 2024

Büyük Selçuklu imparatorluğu sultanı Alparslan’ın (ö. 1072) oğlu Togan Şah cömert, halkı tarafından sevilen bir komutan, adil bir devlet adamıdır. Babası tarafından Horasan valisi olarak tayin edilmiş, uzun yıllar bu bölgede yaşamıştır. Birçok yönüyle halkının beğeni ve takdirini kazanan Togan Şah, ordusu, savaşçılığı, adaleti, ülkede vuku bulan olaylar karşısındaki tavrıyla halkı tarafından hep saygı görmüş, iltifat bulmuştur. Togan Şah Büyük Selçuklu imparatorları arasında saray şairlerine en çok değer veren ve şiiri en çok seven padişah olarak bilinmektedir.
V. (XI.) yüzyılda yaşayan, şiir ve edebiyata oldukça fazla ilgisi olan ve eserlerinden iyi bir eğitim gördüğü anlaşılan Ezrakī-i Herevî, Büyük Selçuklu imparatorluğu döneminde yaşamış, bu dönemde Horasan valiliği görevine tayin edilen Togan Şah’ın saray şairliğini yaparak ona kasideler yazmıştır. Ezrakī’nin Büyük Selçuklu hükümdarlarından bazılarını da övdüğü ancak devlet adamları içinde en çok Togan Şah’ı sevdiği ve methettiği, Togan Şah’ın vefatından sonra da hiçbir şahı övmediği bilinmektedir.
Çalışmada Togan Şah ve Ezrakī-i Herevî’nin hayatına kısaca değinildikten sonra, Ezrakī’nin Togan Şah için Farsça kaleme aldığı on iki kasidesi Türkçeye tercüme edilmiş, kasideler numaralandırılarak vezin ve kafiyeleri belirlenmiş daha sonra kasidelerin konularına değinilmiştir.
Gücerat’ın Tarihî Coğrafyası
Authors: Eryılmaz İsa
Published: June 2024

Geçmişin coğrafyası demek olan tarihî coğrafya insanların meydana getirdiği kültür ve medeniyetin tekâmülünde etkili olan tarihî olayların geçtiği coğrafyanın hususi özelliklerini inceler. Tabiatıyla geçmişte bir tarihî olayın meydana geldiği coğrafî mekân tarih araştırmalarında ehemmiyetle tetkik edilmelidir. Nitekim insan toplumlarının yaşam merkezleri, köy ve şehirler, nehir ve dağlar söz konusu toplumların kültürünün izlerini taşırlar. İşte bu kültür değerlerini geçmişte olduğu şekliyle ortaya çıkaran tarihî coğrafya geçmişin coğrafyasını yeniden ortaya koyarak tarih araştırmalarına yardımcı olur. Çalışmamızda Gücerat’ın yer adlarıyla ilgili en eski kayıtlar ile özellikle orta çağ seyyahlarına ait seyahat notlarından istifade ettik. Bununla birlikte konuyla ilgili geniş bir tarama yapmak suretiyle halihazırdaki araştırma eserlerinden yararlandık.
Türk tarihinin önemli bir dönemini ihtiva eden Hindistan’da yer alan Gücerat’ın tarihî coğrafyasını incelediğimiz çalışmamızda öncelikle Gücerat adı ve anlamı ile bu yer adının tarihî süreçte geçirdiği etimolojik değişim üzerinde durmaya çalıştık. Daha sonra Gücerat’taki tarihî olaylara sahne olmuş yer adları üzerine araştırmamızı yoğunlaştırdık. Nahravala, Surât, Ahmedabad, Sidhpûr, Udaypûr, Somnath ve Girnar gibi büyük ölçüde tarihî olayların geçtiği şehirlerin tarihî coğrafyası üzerinde durmaya çalıştık. Bunun yanında Kanbey, Diu ve Daman gibi önemli liman şehirlerin tarihî coğrafyasını inceledik. Araştırmamızda ayrıca Gücerat’ın tarihî öneme sahip şehirlerinin kurulduğu Sâbarmâti, Mahi, Taptî ve Narmada nehirlerini ve bu nehirlerin özelliklerini izah etmeye gayret ettik.
Critical Analysis of Changes in Mouth Microflora after Different Types of Food Eating Habits
Authors: Mr. Udaybhan Yadav  , Mr. Kunal Thakur  , Mr. Viral Patel  , Ms. Seenu Maurya
Published: June 2024

In recent decades, a body of literature examining the relationships between oral health and general health has rapidly developed. However, the biological mechanisms involved in explaining such relationships have not been fully described. Recent evidence has suggested that these relationships could be partially explained by the composition and interaction of the microbiome/microbiota between local and systemic body sites. For instance, it has been suggested that intestinal microbiota could have effects on non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study is to explore current evidence of the link between oral and systemic diseases, to discuss whether oral microbiome/microbiota could represent an unexplored biological pathway partially explaining those relationships. A non-systematic review of the literature was carried out using keyword searches in PubMed from February to May 2019. The ultimate goal was to present recent scientific evidence to update the general knowledge on this topic to professionals in dentistry. This review is divided in two parts for journal publication; however, it is intended to be used as one piece. In this first part, we will summarize the conceptual background of oral microbiome/microbiota, we will describe the main methods used in microbiology to characterize oral organisms, and will present the main composition of bacteria in oral microbiome/microbiota.
A Study on Access and Use of Diksha for School Teachers amid Covid-19 in Rajasthan
Authors: Verma Dr. Ratna , Dash Dr. Debendra Nath , Purohit Ms. Mahima
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected all sectors across the globe and has also led to unprecedented disruptions in the education sector worldwide, particularly affecting rural communities in India. With the closure of schools and educational institutions, online education emerged as the primary option to ensure continuity of education. This study focuses on assessing access and use of the online education platform DIKSHA amid the COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas, specifically examining the implementation and impact of digital education initiatives on teaching and learning. The study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative methods for data collection. The study covered 100 teachers and 100 students who were actively using the DIKSHA portal during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 30 villages located in Jaipur and Udaipur districts of Rajasthan, India. The study findings indicate that a significant proportion of teachers and students are aware of the existence and usefulness of these platforms. However, the majority of participants encountered difficulties in effectively utilizing the online portals, with issues related to internet speed and interruptions being the predominant challenge. These challenges underscore the urgent need for improvements in digital infrastructure, connectivity, and comprehensive training programs to ensure that online educational platforms can effectively bridge the education gap and provide maximum benefits to students in rural regions.
Kırım Tatar Şairi Kerim Reşidov Camanaklı’nın Şiirlerinde “Kırım”
Authors: Güven Seray
Published: June 2024

Kerim Camanaklı, 1905 yılında, iki yüzyılın sorunlarının çakıştığı, Kırım Türklerinin zorlu ve sancılı süreçler geçirdiği bir dönemde Gözleve kasabasının Camanak köyünde dünyaya gelmiştir. Böyle zorlu bir dönemde dünyaya gelen, hayatının bir döneminde vatan hainliği ile suçlanan fakat tüm bunlara rağmen Kırım Tatar filolojisine, edebiyatına ve Kırım Tatar gençliğine katkılarına hiç ara vermeden devam eden Camanaklı hem folklor araştırmacısı kimliğiyle hem de lirik ve sosyopolitik, protest şiirleriyle verimli bir şair olmuştur. Hayatının çok büyük bir bölümünde ailesinden, kardeşlerinden, vatanından ve yurttaşlarından ayrı bırakılan Camanaklı, o dönemde yaşamış tüm genç Kırım Tatar şair, yazar ve aydınlarını aynı duygulara sürüklemiş olan bu atmosferden çok etkilenerek bu acılı dönemin en çok işlenen konularından biri olan “Kırım”ı birçok yönüyle eserlerinde işlemiştir. Bu makalede, Elfine Sibgatullina’nın “Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Kırım Tatar Folklorcusu Kerim Camanaklı” adlı çalışmasıyla Türkiye Türkolojisine tanıtılan ancak daha sonra üzerine detaylı bir çalışma yapılmayan, şiirleri ve bilimsel araştırmalarıyla aslında Kırım Tatar şiirinin ve edebiyatının oluşumuna büyük katkılar sunmuş, Kırım Tatar folklorunu sistemli olarak araştırmış Kerim Reşidov Camanaklı’nın hayatı ve edebi kişiliği hakkında bilgiler sunulduktan sonra bir şair olarak Camanaklı’nın seçili şiir örneklerinden hareketle Kırım’a bakışı incelenecektir.
Türkmen Türkçesi Gramerleri Temelinde Modal Sözlerin Sözcük Türleri İçerisindeki Konumu Üzerine Öneriler
Authors: Şahin Savaş , Koca Selcen
Published: June 2024

Kiplik, konuşurun önermeye veya önermenin tanımladığı duruma ilişkin öznel görüş ve tutumunun ifadesidir. Konuşurun bir duruma veya cümlenin içeriğine ilişkin bilişsel, duyusal veya istemsel bakış açısını gösteren kiplik, konuşurun iletişimle ilgili tavrını belirten göstergelerdir. Anlamsal bir kategori olarak değerlendirilen kiplik; morfolojik, sözcüksel, söz dizimsel, prozodik araçlarla veya farklı kategorilerin kombinasyonuyla çeşitli şekilde işaretlenebilir. Kiplik işaretleyicileri arasında yer alan modal sözler, konuşurun önerme ve olgulara karşı bakış açısını gösteren; kelime, kelime grubu veya cümlenin anlamına ek bir anlam nüansı katan yardımcı sözcüklerdir. Türkçe literatürde modal sözler farklı tanım ve izahlarla, oldukça çeşitli anlamsal kategorilerle sınıflandırılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda modal sözlerin ayrı bir sözcük kategorisi oluşturup oluşturmadığı veya başlı başına bir sözcük kategorisi değilse hangi sözcük türü içerisinde ele alınması gerektiği konusu da tartışmalıdır. Bu durum Türkmen Türkçesi için de geçerlidir. Türkmen Türkçesi gramerlerinde, modal sözlerin ele alınışı ve değerlendirilişinde birbirinden farklı yaklaşımlar tespit edilebilmektedir. Özellikle modal sözlerin yapısının ve türünün tanımlanması, işlevlerinin belirlenmesi ve sınıflandırılması gibi hususlar Türkmen Türkçesi gramerlerinin tartışmalı meseleleri arasındadır. Türkmen Türkçesi gramerciliğinde modal sözleri müstakil bir sözcük kategorisi olarak değerlendiren, mevcut sözcük kategorileri içerisinde ele alan veya tamamen farklı bir dil bilgisel düzeyde enklitik olarak etiketleyen çeşitli yaklaşımlar söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada, Türkmen Türkçesi gramerlerinde modal söz kavramının nasıl tanımlandığı, hangi ölçütlerle nasıl sınıflandırıldığı ve hangi sözcüksel türlerle değerlendirildiği incelenerek modal sözlerin hangi kategoriye dâhil edilmesi gerektiğine dair öneriler sunulacaktır. Konunun aydınlatılması için çalışmanın girişinde kısaca kip, kiplik ve modal söz kavramları üzerinde durulacak; Türkçe literatürdeki genel eğilimi ortaya koymak için diğer modern Türk lehçelerinde konuyla ilgili yaklaşımlara değinilecektir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, özelde Türkmen Türkçesinde, genelde ise tipolojik olarak Türkçede heterojen bir gruba işaret eden modal sözlerin dil bilgisel kategoriler içindeki yerinin belirlenmesidir. Burada modal sözlerin sözcük kategorisindeki yerinin belirlenmesi için özellikle yardımcı/işlevsel sözcük kategorisi altında yer alan diğer türlerle (edat, bağlaç, ünlem, enklitik) karşılaştırma yoluna giderek bir sonuca ulaşılmaya çalışılacak, konu üzerindeki tartışmalara yeni bir bakış açısı önerilecektir.
ESKİ ANADOLU TÜRKÇESİNDE NEDENSELLİK İŞARETLEYİCİSİ OLARAK İLGEÇLER
Authors: Özcan Berrin
Published: June 2024

Nedensellik ilişkisi kuran ilgeçler, Türkçenin tarihi dönemlerinde farklı biçimlerde karşımıza çıkar. Bu çalışma, Eski Anadolu Türkçesinde nedensellik işaretleyicisi olarak kullanılan ilgeçleri ele almaktadır. İlgeçlerle oluşturulan neden ifadeleri yapı, bakış açısı, olumluluk-olumsuzluk, gerçeklik, etki, uzaklık, süreç, nedenlerin çokluğu, doğrultu, indirgeme, açıklık ve söz dizimi ölçütlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. İlgeçlerin yapı, bakış açısı, olumluluk-olumsuzluk, gerçeklik, süreç, nedenlerin çokluğu, doğrultu, indirgeme ve söz dizimi açısından belirleyici rol üstlendikleri, ancak etki, uzaklık, açıklık açısından herhangi bir ayrımı işaretlemedikleri belirlenmiştir.
Eski Anadolu Türkçesi metinlerinde görülen nedensellik işaretleyicileri, Türkiye Türkçesinde kullanılan nedensellik işaretleyicileriyle örnekleme dayalı olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Geçmişte kullanılan bazı ilgeçlerin günümüzde aynı biçimde kullanıldığı, bazılarının biçimsel ve anlamsal değişikliklerle kullanımını sürdürdüğü, bazılarının ise kullanımdan düştüğü gözlenmiştir.
Bu çalışma sonucunda, nedensellik kavramının, Eski Anadolu Türkçesi ilgeçlerinde biçimbilimsel, anlambilimsel ve pragmatik açıdan farklı boyutları olması nedeniyle kiplik çalışmalarında ve bazı neden ilgeçlerinin durum ulamı içinde yer verilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Nedensellik ilişkisi kurabilen çok fazla ilgeç olması, bu ilgeçler arasında anlamsal, kullanımsal ya da yapısal farklılıklar olabildiğini göstermiştir.
Solar Photovoltaic Power Prediction Using Statistical Approach-Based Analysis of Variance
Authors: Al Hazza Muataz , Attia Hussain , Hossin Khaled
Published: June 2024

With the increase in global demand for energy and the rise of environmental warnings supported by the United Nations and its sustainable development goals (SDGs) in 2015, transitioning from traditional energy systems to renewable ones, especially solar energy systems, has become necessary. However, this transition should be supported by prediction models that can help forecast these power outputs. This research aims to develop a data-driven model based on a statistical approach. Analysis of variance ANOVA and fit summary were the tools that were used in creating the model. Three input variables, namely Global Radiation, Ambient Relative Humidity, and Ambient Temperature, were utilized alongside one output variable, output power. The model utilized 360 readings during six hours from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. Stat-ease software was used to develop the model. The quadratic statistical model shows significant results with five statistical terms. The Model’s F-value of 687.89 indicates that the model is highly significant, demonstrating only a small chance of 0.01% that such a large F-value could be caused by random variations. In addition, the P-values for the remaining model terms in the ANOVA table, all being less than 0.0500, confirm their significance. The developed model was validated by comparing the original experimental data with those obtained from the model. The validation showed an average percentage error of 7.35%.
General circulation models simulate negative liquid water path–droplet number correlations, but anthropogenic aerosols still increase simulated liquid water path
Authors: Mülmenstädt Johannes , Gryspeerdt Edward , Dipu Sudhakar , Quaas Johannes , Ackerman Andrew S. , Fridlind Ann M. , Tornow Florian , Bauer Susanne E. , Gettelman Andrew , Ming Yi , Zheng Youtong , Ma Po-Lun , Wang Hailong , Zhang Kai , Christensen Matthew W. , Varble Adam C. , Leung L. Ruby , Liu Xiaohong , Neubauer David , Partridge Daniel G. , Stier Philip , Takemura Toshihiko
Published: June 2024

Abstract. General circulation models' (GCMs) estimates of the liquid water path adjustment to anthropogenic aerosol emissions differ in sign from other lines of evidence. This reduces confidence in estimates of the effective radiative forcing of the climate by aerosol–cloud interactions (ERFaci). The discrepancy is thought to stem in part from GCMs' inability to represent the turbulence–microphysics interactions in cloud-top entrainment, a mechanism that leads to a reduction in liquid water in response to an anthropogenic increase in aerosols. In the real atmosphere, enhanced cloud-top entrainment is thought to be the dominant adjustment mechanism for liquid water path, weakening the overall ERFaci. We show that the latest generation of GCMs includes models that produce a negative correlation between the present-day cloud droplet number and liquid water path, a key piece of observational evidence supporting liquid water path reduction by anthropogenic aerosols and one that earlier-generation GCMs could not reproduce. However, even in GCMs with this negative correlation, the increase in anthropogenic aerosols from preindustrial to present-day values still leads to an increase in the simulated liquid water path due to the parameterized precipitation suppression mechanism. This adds to the evidence that correlations in the present-day climate are not necessarily causal. We investigate sources of confounding to explain the noncausal correlation between liquid water path and droplet number. These results are a reminder that assessments of climate parameters based on multiple lines of evidence must carefully consider the complementary strengths of different lines when the lines disagree.
Future reduction of cold extremes over East Asia due to thermodynamic and dynamic warming
Authors: Li Donghuan , Zhou Tianjun , Qi Youcun , Zou Liwei , Li Chao , Zhang Wenxia , Chen Xiaolong
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Cold extremes have large impacts on human society. Understanding the physical processes dominating the changes in cold extremes is crucial for a reliable projection of future climate change. The observed cold extremes have decreased during the last several decades, and this trend will continue under future global warming. Here, we quantitatively identify the contributions of dynamic (changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation) and thermodynamic (rising temperatures resulting from global warming) effects to East Asian cold extremes in the past several decades and in a future warm climate by using two sets of large-ensemble simulations of climate models. We show that the dynamic component accounts for over 80 % of the cold-month (coldest 5 % boreal winter months) surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly over the past 5 decades. However, in a future warm climate, the thermodynamic change is the main contributor to the decreases in the intensity and occurrence probability of East Asian cold extremes, while the dynamic change is also contributive. The intensity of East Asian cold extremes will decrease by around 5 °C at the end of the 21st century, in which the thermodynamic (dynamic) change contributes approximately 75 % (25 %). The present-day (1986–2005) East Asian cold extremes will almost never occur after around 2035, and this will happen 10 years later due solely to thermodynamic change. The upward trend of a positive Arctic Oscillation-like sea level pressure pattern dominates the changes in the dynamic component. The finding provides a useful reference for policymakers in climate change adaptation activities.
Rapid quantitative analysis of SVOCs in indoor surface film using Direct Analysis in Real Time mass spectrometry: A case study on phthalates
Authors: Zhou Ying , He Longkun , Tan Jiang , Zhou Jiang , Liu Yingjun
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) is recently emerged as a promising approach for measuring semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in indoor surface films. However, its broader application in indoor environments is limited by low measurement repeatability and no separation of isomers. Herein we developed a sampling suite of indoor surface film for DART-MS analysis, optimized settings of DART to obtain higher analytical performance, and demonstrated the possibility of separating isomeric compounds using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Two pair of isomeric phthalate esters, including di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), were used as examples for method optimization and validation. Under optimized conditions, the instrument responses for all four compounds exhibited good linearity (r > 0.992) and acceptable repeatability (intraday RSD < 11.0%). The limits of quantification for the four PAEs ranged from 0.042 to 0.24 ng/cm2. The uncertainty in the separation of isomeric components using MS/MS was <11.4%, which is acceptable for real sample analysis. To further assess the developed method, we analyzed 10 film samples collected side by side in an occupied office. DnOP was not detected. The RSD among samples was 6.1% for DEHP, 4.6% for DnBP, and 10.4% for DiBP, indicating overall good repeatability of the collection and measurement method developed. With improved performance, the developed method increases the feasibility of the DART-MS technique for monitoring dynamics of chemical composition of indoor surface films.
Projections of Precipitation and Temperatures in Greenland and the Impact of Spatially Uniform Anomalies on the Evolution of the Ice Sheet
Authors: Bochow Nils , Poltronieri Anna , Boers Niklas
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Long-term simulations of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) often rely on parameterisation schemes for the precipitation rates or assume spatially and temporally uniform temperature and precipitation anomalies over long time scales. However, there is no a priori reason to assume spatially and temporally uniform sensitivities across the whole GrIS. Additionally, parameters are often based on older generations of climate models and it is often assumed that precipitation increases with the standard value of circa 7 %/K based on the Clausius-Clapeyron relation. Here, we give an update on the commonly used parameters used for long-term modelling of the Greenland ice sheet, based on the output of the latest generation of coupled Earth system models (CMIP6), using the historical time period and four different future emission scenarios. We show that the precipitation sensitivities in Greenland have a strong spatial dependence, with values ranging from 0 %/K in southern Greenland up to 15 %/K in northeastern Greenland relative to the global mean temperature (GMT) in the CMIP6 ensemble mean. Additionally, we show that the annual mean temperatures in Greenland increase between 1.29 and 1.53 times faster than the GMT, with northern Greenland warming up to two times faster than southern Greenland in all emission scenarios. However, we also show that there is a considerable spread in the model responses. Finally, we use the state-of-the-art ice sheet model PISM to show that assuming spatially uniform temperature and precipitation anomalies leads to substantial overestimation of ice loss in the long-term behaviour of the GrIS.
The influence of permafrost and other environmental controls on stream thermal sensitivity across Yukon, Canada
Authors: Szeitz Andras Janos , Carey Sean K.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Thermal sensitivity, defined as the slope of a linear regression between stream and air temperature, is a useful indicator of the strength of coupling between atmospheric forcings and stream temperature, or conversely, of the presence of non-atmospheric thermal influences such as groundwater contributions to streamflow. Furthermore, thermal sensitivity is known to be responsive to environmental change. This study expands the current state of knowledge of stream thermal sensitivity in cold, northern regions across catchment scales, investigates the environmental controls of thermal sensitivity across a range of catchment dispositions, and assesses the thermal influence of environmental conditions unique to cold regions, namely permafrost. We conducted a linear regression analysis relating mean daily air and stream temperature in 57 catchments in Yukon, Canada, with catchment areas ranging from 5.4 to 86,500 km2, and with catchment mean permafrost probabilities ranging from 0.0 to 0.99. Thermal sensitivities obtained from the linear regressions ranged from 0.14 to 0.84 °C °C-1, with a median of 0.56 °C °C-1, and the regression intercepts ranged from -0.07 to 7.60 °C, with the mean regression Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.81. Thermal sensitivity was positively related to catchment area, land covers representing surface water storage, and streamflow ‘flashiness’ or a lack of groundwater contributions. The greatest single environmental characteristic explaining the variance in thermal sensitivity was catchment topography and physiography (9 % variance explained); however, 39 % of the variance in thermal sensitivity was explained jointly by catchment physiography, land cover, and permafrost presence indicators, suggesting thermal sensitivity is the result of multiple interacting controls. Permafrost appeared to have indirect and offsetting effects on thermal sensitivity through its influence on separate and counter-acting processes controlling thermal sensitivity.