bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual Analytics for Data-Driven Understanding of the Substance Use Disorder Epidemic
Authors: Qaurooni Danial , Herr Bruce W. , Zappone Sarah Renee , Wojciechowska Klaudia , Börner Katy , Schleyer Titus
Published: January 2024

The substance use disorder epidemic has emerged as a serious public health crisis, presenting complex challenges. Visual analytics offers a unique approach to address this complexity and facilitate effective interventions. This paper details the development of an innovative visual analytics dashboard, aimed at enhancing our understanding of the substance use disorder epidemic. By employing record linkage techniques, we integrate diverse data sources to provide a comprehensive view of the epidemic. Adherence to responsive, open, and user-centered design principles ensures the dashboard’s usefulness and usability. Our approach to data and design encourages collaboration among various stakeholders, including researchers, politicians, and healthcare practitioners. Through illustrative outputs, we demonstrate how the dashboard can deepen our understanding of the epidemic, support intervention strategies, and evaluate the effectiveness of implemented measures. The paper concludes with a discussion of the dashboard’s use cases and limitations.
Baby Come Back: Resident-Digital Nomad Conflicts, Destination Identification, and Revisit Intention
Authors: Miocevic Dario
Published: January 2024

Due to the increasing popularity of remote work, digital nomadism has become a growing trend. Given that digital nomads can stay in destinations longer, their contacts with residents become more dynamic, including numerous social conflicts. By drawing on realistic group conflict theory and social identity complexity, this paper investigates how the negative consequences of social conflicts can be mitigated to strengthen the digital nomads’ identification with the destination and increase revisit intention. Using a multi-national sample of 307 digital nomads from four popular destinations, we find that the negative consequences of social conflicts can be alleviated by stronger cooperative contact through which residents provide instrumental support to digital nomads. Moreover, we find that through enhanced identification and cooperative contact with residents, digital nomads also develop a localized identity that threatens their nomadic identity and thus reduces revisit intention. The study provides insights for practitioners on effectively catering to this segment of travelers.
The Interactive Effect of Message Framing and Power Distance Belief on Tourists’ Attitudes Toward Slum Tours
Authors: Bae Sohyun , Liu Xiaoyan , Ren Piaoran
Published: January 2024

Slum tourism, an activity in which tourists visit impoverished areas, has grown rapidly in recent years and, in turn, triggered intense debates in the public sphere and on social media. In the current research, we examine how and why different frames regarding slum tours (i.e., poverty tour vs. cultural tour) interact with tourists’ power distance belief (PDB) to influence their attitudes toward such tours. Using three studies, we show that tourists with low (vs. high) PDB have more negative attitudes toward slum tours when they are framed as poverty tours than as cultural tours, because they perceive taking such tours as being immoral. We further demonstrate that an appeal for donations mitigates the perceived immorality among low-PDB tourists, which consequently alters their negative attitudes toward such tours. Our research offers stakeholders in slum tourism, including travel agencies and policymakers, valuable insights into operating slum tours in a more ethical way.
“The Cité Is Yours”: Colonial Modernization and Dakar’s Postcolonial Suburban Dream
Authors: Valdespino Gregory
Published: January 2024

This article explains the postcolonial endurance of colonial modernization plans by examining the history and memory of Dakar’s postwar SICAP suburbs. In 1950, Senegal’s French colonial regime made the Société Immobilière du Cap-Vert (SICAP) which built thousands of homes on the edges of Dakar, primarily for African salaried workers. French leaders claimed SICAP houses would help “modernize” the city and its inhabitants. After independence, Senegalese leaders and dwellers used these “modern” suburbs to create new urban landscapes, new families, and in theory, a new modern African nation. However, SICAP’s preference for salaried workers meant it failed to serve the vast majority of Dakar’s population. This article argues that Senegalese planners and urbanites alike embraced these kinds of modernizing programs, despite their inequalities and colonial ideologies, because they gave aspirational middle-class urbanites access to the status associated with globally circulating visions of prosperous postwar suburbs.
Select Toxicologic Pathology Case Studies of the Hepatobiliary System
Authors: Boone Allison C. , Adetunji Shakirat A. , Kohnken Rebecca , Koyama Kenji
Published: January 2024

This case study session of the hepatobiliary system was held during the 42nd Annual Society of Toxicologic Pathology Symposium in Summerlin, Nevada. The case studies highlighed potential hepatic and biliary toxicity liabilities. This article comprises several of the case studies that were presented during the session which included copper-associated hepatitis in a dog, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in non-human primates, hepatic cytoplasmic alteration in mice and rats, and Kupffer cell hyperplasia/granulomatous inflammation in rats. Presenters, when applicable, provided case signalment, anatomic/clinical pathology data, and diagnoses and discussed potential pathogeneses.
Historical Control Background Incidence of Spontaneous Neoplastic Lesions of Sprague-Dawley Rats in 104-Week Toxicity Studies
Authors: Kumar Amit , Bockenstedt Marie , Laast Victoria , Sharma Alok
Published: January 2024

Data collected from approximately 1800 male and 1800 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats used in 104-week carcinogenicity studies were archived in a historical control database at Labcorp Early Development, Inc, and the neoplastic microscopic observation data from these rats were retrospectively evaluated. Historical control data can provide useful information on the range and incidence of spontaneously occurring background neoplasms in the species and strain of the test animal used in different types of toxicity studies, including studies of differing lengths, delivery of test article, and test animal. Some of the most common malignant findings noted included fibrosarcoma of skin/subcutis and thyroid C-cell carcinoma in males (2.1% each) while mammary gland carcinoma and pituitary carcinoma (25% and 2.6%) were most common in females. Pituitary adenoma of pars distalis was found to be the most prevalent benign neoplasm in both males and females (56.4% and 77.1%). Fibroadenoma of mammary gland (35.6%) and thyroid C-cell adenoma (8.5%) were the second and third most common benign tumors in female SD rats. In males, the thyroid C-cell adenoma (10.9%) and benign pheochromocytoma (8.9%) were the second and third most common tumors.
PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression in canine mammary carcinomas: Correlation with histopathological grade and molecular markers
Authors: Bae Min-Kyung , Ko Yeong-Ung , Seung Byung-Joon , Sur Jung-Hyang , Choe Nong-Hoon
Published: January 2024

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule that plays a crucial role in regulating antitumor immune responses. Canine mammary carcinomas (CMCs) are common tumors of dogs. Despite extensive studies on the heterogeneity of CMCs, there is still a lack of effective precision therapies for the treatment of CMCs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression in CMCs and explore its association with histopathological grade and molecular markers, including the estrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were evaluated for PD-L1 mRNA expression using RNA in situ hybridization and PD-L1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry. We observed no substantial correlation between PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression in CMCs; however, PD-L1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in grade 3 than in grade 1 tumors ( P = .001). In addition, we observed a positive correlation between PD-L1 protein expression and CK5/6 expression in CMCs ( P = .032). These findings suggest that PD-L1 expression in CMCs is heterogeneous and may be regulated post-transcriptionally. Further studies are needed to explore the prognostic and therapeutic implications of PD-L1 expression in different molecular subtypes of CMCs and their potential as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy.
Forensic Case Formulation: Exploring the Knowledge, Opinions, and Training Experiences of Staff Working Within the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway
Authors: Wheable Victoria , Davies Jason
Published: January 2024

Forensic case formulation (FCF) is a key activity within the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway (OPDP), performed by OPDP specialist offender managers (OMs) and psychologists. Although FCF training is provided to OMs, there are a number of questions about the adequacy and effectiveness of this training. Furthermore, it is unclear whether psychologists receive sufficient support to keep their FCF skills relevant and effective over time. This study aimed to investigate the FCF training experiences of OPDP staff, to assess staff satisfaction with this training, to identify ways of improving this training, and to explore the value of FCF from a staff perspective. To meet these aims, OPDP staff were asked to complete an online Qualtrics survey disseminated nationally. Results reveal a lack of standardized FCF training across the OPDP, contributing to poor staff satisfaction and confidence. These results highlight a need for FCF training improvement within the OPDP.
Training Preservice Teachers to Make Data-Based Decisions: A Comparison of Two Interventions
Authors: McCammon Meka N. , Wolfe Katie , Gao Ruiqin , Starrett Angela
Published: January 2024

Data-based decision-making, which involves evaluating students’ progress and making instructional decisions, is an integral competency for preservice teachers. Several studies have found that visual aids, such as decision-making models, may be an effective way to train preservice teachers to make instructional decisions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a decision-making model, with and without supplemental online instruction, on preservice teachers’ accuracy in identifying data patterns and making data-based decisions. Results showed that participants in both the decision-making model only and online training plus decision-making model groups had greater accuracy compared with participants who received no training. However, there were no significant differences between the two treatment groups, suggesting that the decision-making model may stand alone as an effective intervention to train preservice teachers to identify a data-based decision. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Facilitators and Barriers of Bystander Intervention Intent in Image-Based Sexual Abuse Contexts: A Focus Group Study with a University Sample
Authors: Mainwaring Chelsea , Scott Adrian J. , Gabbert Fiona
Published: January 2024

Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) encompasses the taking, sharing, and/or threatening to share nude or sexual images of others without their consent. The prevalence of IBSA is growing rapidly due to technological advancements, such as access to smartphones, that have made engagement in such activities easier. Bystanders offer an important means of intervention, but little is known about what facilitates or inhibits bystander action in these contexts. To address this gap in the literature, seven focus groups ( n = 35) were conducted to explore the factors that facilitate and inhibit bystander action in the context of three different IBSA scenarios (taking, sharing, and making threats to share nude or sexual images without consent). Using thematic analysis, eight themes were identified, suggesting that the perceived likelihood of intervention increased with greater feelings of responsibility, empathy with the victim, reduced feelings of audience inhibition, greater feelings of safety, greater anger toward the IBSA behavior, closer relationships with the victim and perpetrator, the incident involving a female victim and male perpetrator, and perception of greater benefits of police involvement. These findings are considered alongside the physical sexual violence literature in highlighting the similarities and nuances across the different contexts. Implications for the development of policies and educational materials are discussed in relation to encouraging greater bystander intervention in IBSA contexts.
Child and Adolescent Exposure to Sexual Harassment: Relationship to Gender, Contact Sexual Abuse, and Adult Psychological Symptoms
Authors: Briere John , Runtz Marsha , Rodd Keara
Published: January 2024

In contrast to adults, there is considerably less research on childhood or adolescent exposure to sexual harassment (CAESH), its lasting psychological correlates, and whether such experiences should be included in definitions of childhood sexual abuse. The current study examined the prevalence and symptomatic sequels of unwanted flirting, being “checked out” sexually, unwanted sexual attention, sexual comments, propositions, and related noncontact behaviors that occurred before age 18, as well as the multivariate relationship between CAESH and contact child sexual abuse (C-CSA) in a diverse online sample of 528 individuals. CAESH was very common, with over 95% of women and 64% of men reporting at least one experience of noncontact sexual harassment before age 18. When childhood sexual abuse was operationalized as the presence of either C-CSA or a total CAESH score of 18 or higher (corresponding to an average score of “3–5 times” prior to age 18), the prevalence was 67% for women and 26% for men, more than three times higher than C-CSA alone. This expanded definition was associated with significantly more anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress relative to C-CSA alone. These results suggest that CAESH is a significant source of symptoms in adults and support the emerging perspective that childhood sexual abuse may be best understood as including both contact and noncontact events.
Socioemotional Wealth and Tax Aggressiveness in Private Family Firms: The Role of the CEO’s Characteristics
Authors: Bauweraerts Jonathan , Cirillo Alessandro , Sciascia Salvatore
Published: January 2024

Building on recent works calling for more tax research in the family business context, this study draws on the distinction between restricted and extended socioemotional wealth (SEW) to analyze how both SEW dimensions affect tax aggressiveness. Based on a sample of 201 private Belgian family firms, consistent findings from multiple regression analyses indicate that restricted SEW is positively related to tax aggressiveness, whereas extended SEW exerts a negative influence on tax aggressiveness. Our results also indicate that the family status of the CEO, CEO gender and CEO tenure moderate the relationship between both SEW dimensions and tax aggressiveness.
Data-driven hybrid algorithm with multi-evolutionary sampling strategy for energy-saving buffer allocation in green manufacturing
Authors: Shi Shuo , Gao Sixiao
Published: January 2024

Buffer allocation, which is an important research topic in manufacturing system design, typically focuses on system performance and cost. However, few previous studies have been performed to investigate energy-saving buffer allocation, which can decrease operational energy consumption in green manufacturing. Furthermore, the computational efficiency of solving the buffer allocation problem requires further investigation. This paper proposes a data-driven hybrid algorithm based on multi-evolutionary sampling strategies for solving energy-saving buffer allocation that can maximize the throughput rate and minimize energy consumption. Two evolutionary sampling strategies, that is, global search and surrogate-assisted local search, are integrated to balance exploitation and exploration. In addition, a database containing historical data pertaining to buffer allocation solutions is used to develop surrogate models that can rapidly predict the throughput and energy consumption and improve the evaluation efficiency of the local search strategy. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. This study contributes to an efficient buffer allocation and presents a new perspective on energy-saving measures for green manufacturing designs.
Free vibration of rotating bifunctional gradient CNTs-reinforced ceramic matrix composites pre-twisted blade in thermal environment
Authors: Li Chaofeng , Jiang Yulin , Cheng Hao , Yang Kang
Published: January 2024

Considering the thermal environment’s effect, we built a dynamics model of rotating pre-twisted ceramic matrix composites blades with elastic boundary constraints based on shell and first-order shear deformation theories. The model considers the effect of temperature and simplifies the blade to a twisted cylindrical plate. Based on the Lagrange equation, the differential equation of the vibration of a rotating pre-twisted blade of CNTs-reinforced ceramic matrix composites in the thermal environment was derived by using the orthogonal polynomial as the acceptable function. The natural frequencies and vibration modes of a rotating pre-twisted blade take into account the effects of Coriolis and centrifugal forces. The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing with the literature and Ansys results. The effects of temperature, the volume fraction of functional gradient, pre-twisted angle, and rotational speed on the model were studied in detail. The results show that the addition of carbon nanotubes can greatly enhance the ceramic-based blade. And both temperature and pre-twisted angle significantly affect the carbon nanotube enhanced functional gradient blades.
Simulation study on the vibration durability test of an automotive plastic fuel tank based on fluid–structure coupling
Authors: Wang Wenzhu , Zhang Zhenwei , Liu Gang , Wei Jun , Li Jie
Published: January 2024

In this study a new simulation technology based on fluid-structure coupling is to solve the problem of plastic fuel tank lifting lug fracture during vibration durability test, which has not been reported in the existing literature. The basic principle of fluid-structure coupling is summarised and the finite element model (FEM) of the fuel tank system established. Modal simulation analysis is carried out, and the FEM is updated and verified via the modal test method. A harmonic response analysis of the fuel tank system is performed. Simulation results show the maximum stress at the lifting lug is 29.69 MPa in the Z-direction vibration, exceeding the allowable fatigue strength. The resonance occurred, which is consistent with the result of the vibration durability test. To enable the fuel tank to pass the vibration durability test, this study proposes to optimise the fixture, thereby enhancing the natural frequency of the entire fuel tank system and avoiding an excitation frequency of 30 Hz. Through the harmonic response analysis and test verification, the fuel tank passes the vibration durability test. Therefore, the numerical simulation method based on fluid–structure coupling and the fixture optimisation scheme adopted is feasible and can considerably shorten the test cycle and improve efficiency.
Examining Cultural Comfort and Knowledge in Undergraduate Nursing Students After the Implementation of an Online Educational Animation on Providing Care for Muslim Patients
Authors: Alucozai Farhat , Richards Elizabeth A. , Ward Amanda , Loomis Ann
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

With rapidly growing members of the Islamic faith, health care providers should expect to care for Muslim patients regardless of their chosen specialty. The quality of care provided hinges on their knowledge and understanding of Islam. This study aimed to analyze the influence of an educational animation on undergraduate nursing students’ cultural comfort and knowledge concerning the health care needs of Muslims.

Methods:

An educational animation was created addressing the unique health care needs of Muslim patients. Surveys (pre, post, 6 weeks) ( n = 658) assessed cultural comfort and knowledge on covered topics.

Results:

Student knowledge (pre: 12.4 ± 0.1; post: 14.4 ± 0.2; p < .01) and cultural comfort (pre: 4.0 ± 0.03; post: 4.1 ± 0.03; p < .05) increased after viewing the online educational animation. The increase in knowledge was sustained at 6 weeks. Students recommended additional topics for the future.

Discussion:

This study highlights how an innovative educational animation can enhance students’ understanding of providing care for Muslim patients, positively impacting patient outcomes.
Does the Presence of Asymptomatic Flatfoot Deformity Impact the Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of the Minimally Invasive Chevron and Akin Bunionectomy?
Authors: Mizher Rami , Rajan Lavan , Kim Jaeyoung , Srikumar Syian , Cororaton Agnes , Cody Elizabeth , Ellis Scott , Johnson A. Holly
Published: January 2024

Background

Flatfoot deformity is believed to play a role in hallux valgus development and recurrence. While symptomatic flatfoot deformity can be treated with separate procedures at the time of hallux valgus correction, the question remains whether the patient undergoing correction of a symptomatic hallux valgus deformity should have their asymptomatic flatfoot concurrently addressed. We aimed to investigate whether the presence of asymptomatic flatfoot influences patient-reported and radiographic outcomes of the minimally invasive chevron and Akin bunionectomy.

Methods:

A total of 104 patients were included in this study. Forty-two asymptomatic patients met the radiographic criteria for flatfoot while 62 had a normal arch. Patient-reported outcomes were evaluated and compared between the two groups using validated PROMIS measures preoperatively and at a minimum one-year postoperatively. Radiographic outcomes including hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), Meary’s angle, calcaneal pitch (CP), and talonavicular coverage angle (TNCA) were measured and compared preoperatively and minimum six-months postoperatively.

Results:

Both groups demonstrated similar preoperative and postoperative PROMIS scores with significant improvements in physical function, pain interference, pain intensity, and global physical health. Preoperatively, HVA was similar between both groups, however the flatfoot group showed a greater IMA, Meary’s angle, TNCA, and lower CP. Postoperatively, HVA and IMA were similar between groups, although patients in the flatfoot group retained a significantly greater Meary’s angle, TNCA, and lower CP. Both groups showed significant improvements in HVA, IMA, and TNCA.

Conclusion:

Our study indicates that the minimally invasive chevron and Akin bunionectomy leads to improved clinical and radiographic hallux valgus outcomes without adversely impacting radiographic flatfoot parameters. Therefore, the MIS bunionectomy may be an effective option for hallux valgus correction in patients with mild, asymptomatic flatfoot.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort.
Outcomes After Total Ankle Arthroplasty in Patients Aged ≤50 Years at Midterm Follow-up
Authors: Giambelluca Lacey , Umbel Benjamin , Anastasio Albert , Kim Billy , DeOrio James , Easley Mark , Nunley James A.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Ankle arthritis differs from arthritis of the hip and knee in that 80% is posttraumatic and thus often occurs in a younger patient population. The literature supporting total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) in younger patients has increased over recent years and has bolstered the argument that in the short term, TAA in younger patients has successful outcomes that are comparable to older, lower-demand patients. The purpose of our study was to evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and implant survivorship at midterm after primary TAA in patients ≤ 50 years of age at the time of surgery.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients ≤ 50 years of age who underwent primary TAA at a single institution from 2000 to 2017. Patient demographics, outcome measures, and complications were recorded. All patients had a minimum clinical follow-up of 5 years. PRO measures were evaluated at preoperative, 1-year postoperative, and final follow-up visits. Paired t tests were performed to compare individual patient changes in PROs from preoperative. Implant survivorship was evaluated based on need for revision of either the tibial or talar component. The need for additional surgery related to the TAA was also evaluated.

Results

A total of 58 patients were included. The average age at the time of the index surgery was 43.3 years (range 22-50 years). All patients had a minimum follow-up of 5 years with a mean follow-up of 8.8 years. A total of 11 patients required additional surgery related to their TAA. Six patients (10.3%) required bone grafting of peri-implant cysts, 3 patients (5.2 %) required gutter debridement, and 1 patient underwent complete revision of metal components. Mean visual analog scale, 36-item Short Form Health Survey, Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment, and American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society hindfoot scores significantly improved from preoperative to 1-year postoperative and final postoperative follow-up.

Conclusion:

The patients aged ≤50 years treated with a TAA whom we have been able to observe for a minimum of 5 years showed generally maintained improvement in functional scores and thus far have had a relatively low rate of secondary surgeries. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Family Perspectives on Key Elements of Good Home Palliative Care in South and Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wicaksono Raditya Bagas , Muhaimin Amalia , Willems Dick L. , Pols Jeannette
Published: January 2024

Palliative care is a comprehensive approach aimed at improving the quality of life of patients with serious illness and their families. Nevertheless, there exists a dearth of systematically synthesized empirical evidence regarding the key elements that contribute to good home palliative care (HPC) from a familial standpoint in the context of South and Southeast Asia. This paper aims to describe family perspectives on key elements of good home palliative care in both regions. We conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework. The search was done in 6 electronic databases: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, APA PsycINFO, and APA PsycArticles Full Text. Inclusion criteria were (1) exploring family experiences of palliative care, (2) home setting, and (3) South and Southeast Asian countries. Twenty-four studies were included from Bangladesh (n = 1), India (n = 6), Indonesia (n = 7), Malaysia (n = 2), Singapore (n = 2), and Thailand (n = 6). Five key elements of HPC from family perspectives were comprehensive moral and psychological support; religious and spiritual activities with religious figures involvement; empathetic, responsive, and continued home palliative care; adequate access to information and skills training; and facilitation in dealing with systemic barriers. The crucial role of religious and spiritual activities and the need for facilitation in facing systemic barriers were specific to South and Southeast Asia. HPC teams should be able to provide holistic support for patients and their families, which is influential for the quality of care. Improving care on a systemic level in these regions should be a policy priority.
Organizational Sustainability Orientation: A Review
Authors: Tardin Matheus G. , Perin Marcelo G. , Simões Cláudia , Braga Luiza D.
Published: January 2024

Organizational sustainability orientation (OSO) is a concept increasingly gaining prominence among academics and practitioners. The primary goals of this study entail:(a) elucidating about the origins and evolution of OSO, encompassing its conceptual foundations, the scholarly communities instrumental in shaping the field, and its co-evolution with social and environmental orientations; (b) delineating the diverse research streams within the OSO domain and establishing avenues for advancing this line of inquiry; and, (c) proposing a conceptual framework that includes the drivers, consequences, and contextual contingencies associated with OSO. The study employs two bibliometric analyses, namely, co-citation and citation and a qualitative thematic analysis. Drawing on a dataset of 112 scholarly articles, the research provides nuancedinsights into the development and advancement of OSO research, underscores its state of the art, and proposes avenues for future investigations in this evolving field.
The Association Between Repeated Measured Febrile Episodes During Early Childhood and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study
Authors: Israel Ariel , Merzon Eugene , Krone Beth , Faraone Stephen V. , Green Ilan , Golan Cohen Avivit , Vinker Shlomo , Cohen Shira , Ashkenazi Shai , Magen Eli , Weizman Abraham , Manor Iris
Published: January 2024

Objective:

We examined the association between the number, magnitude, and frequency of febrile episodes during the 0 to 4 years of life and subsequent diagnosis of ADHD.

Methods:

This population-based case-control study in an Israeli HMO, Leumit Health Services (LHS), uses a database for all LHS members aged 5 to 18 years between 1/1/2002 and 1/30/2022. The number and magnitude of measured fever episodes during the 0 to 4 years were recorded in individuals with ADHD ( N = 18,558) and individually matched non-ADHD controls in a 1:2 ratio ( N = 37,116).

Results:

A significant, independent association was found between the number and magnitude of febrile episodes during the 0 to 4 years and the probability of a later diagnosis of ADHD. Children who never had a measured temperature >37.5°C had a significantly lower rate of ADHD (OR = 0.834, 95% CI [0.802, 0.866], p < .0001).

Conclusions:

Febrile episodes during 0 to 4 years are associated with a significantly increased rate of a later diagnosis of ADHD in a doseresponse relationship.
Polygenic Variation Underlying Educational Attainment and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Indexes Behavior Ratings of Executive Functions in Child Psychiatry Outpatients
Authors: Capawana Michael R. , Vuijk Pieter J. , Martin Joanna , Pollastri Alisha R. , Forchelli Gina A. , Woscoboinik Georgia G. , Tremblay Sonia L. , Wolfe Lauren E. , Braaten Ellen B. , Doyle Alysa E.
Published: January 2024

Objective:

We leveraged common genetic variation underlying ADHD, educational attainment (EA) and cognition (COG) to understand the nature of the Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Functions (BRIEF) and its relationship to academic functioning.

Method:

Participants were 991 youth, ages 7 to 17, consecutively referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation. Polygenic scores (PGS) for ADHD, EA, and COG were related to the BRIEF using regression analyses. Structural equation models were used to examine the associations between the PGS, BRIEF and academic outcomes (math, reading, and special education services [EDPLAN]).

Results:

After modeling the PGS together, only the EA and ADHD PGS significantly associated with the BRIEF. The BRIEF partially mediated the relationships between EA PGS with math and EDPLAN and fully mediated the relationship between ADHD PGS and EDPLAN.

Conclusion:

Genetic data extend evidence that the BRIEF measures a construct relevant to educational success that differs from what is indexed by cognitive testing.
Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) a Dimension or a Category? What Does the Relationship Between ADHD Traits and Psychosocial Quality of Life Tell Us?
Authors: Arildskov Trine Wigh , Thomsen Per Hove , Sonuga-Barke Edmund J. S. , Lambek Rikke , Østergaard Søren D. , Virring Anne
Published: January 2024

Objective:

The question of whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a discrete category or a continuous dimension remains clinically relevant. We report the first examination of this question from the viewpoint of the relationship between ADHD traits and psychosocial quality of life (QoL), and whether the level of QoL declines markedly around a certain high ADHD trait range suggestive of a categorical boundary.

Methods:

Parents/caregivers of 1,967 schoolchildren aged 6 to 11 from the general population completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and the ADHD-Rating Scale IV. Piecewise linear and non-linear regression analyses were performed.

Results:

No evidence for a non-linear association or an abrupt change in the rate of decrease in QoL was observed in the high end of the ADHD traits continuum. Instead, the relationship was consistent with linearity.

Conclusion:

Psychosocial QoL gradually declines in a linear manner as ADHD trait levels increase providing further support for a dimensional model.
Investigative Decision-Making: A Qualitative Analysis of Homicide Detectives’ Practices
Authors: Lino Denis , Roazzi Antonio , Viale Riccardo
Published: January 2024

Investigative decision-making, vital for homicide investigations and the justice system, lacks research in Brazil. We interviewed 15 experienced homicide detectives, and Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the data. Four themes were identified: Experience, Training, and Method; Decision-making Support; Decision-making Obstacles; and Biases and Heuristics. Specific training and methods favor decision-making, but experience can have an ambiguous effect. Biases and heuristics were identified in detectives’ investigative decisions. These findings have theoretical and practical implications, contributing to a better understanding of the subject.
Correlates of Transactional Sex Among Black Men and Women Who Misuse Opioids
Authors: Thorpe Shemeka , Orphé Paige , Pitcher Gabriella , McCleod Kendall , Malone Natalie , Stevens-Watkins Danelle
Published: January 2024

The rise in opioid misuse coincides with increased sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV incidence. Transactional sex is an under-researched phenomenon among Black Americans who misuse opioids, and may increase their risk of STI or HIV transmission. Given the disproportionate impact of the opioid epidemic on Black Americans and the risks associated with opioid misuse, the current study aims to investigate sociostructural factors, history of violence, and sexual risk factors associated with transactional sex among Black men and women. A sample of n = 375 Black adult Kentuckians reporting opioid misuse completed a survey including transactional sex, sociostructural, violence history, and sexual risk measures. Results of chi-squares and independent samples t-tests revealed that compared to men who did not report engaging in transactional sex, men who engaged in transactional sex were less educated, reported being sexually assaulted or having an unwanted sexual experience in their lifetime, and were more likely to use opioids or cocaine before or during sex in the last year. Women who engaged in transactional sex had a history of violence, more structural barriers, higher psychological distress, and engaged in more sexual risk behaviors compared to women who did not engage in transactional sex. Implications for future research and interventions with this population are discussed.
Operational Transparency as a Service Design: An Investigation on Labor/Effort Observation Effect
Authors: Hwang Eun Min (Min) , Lee Seonjeong (Ally) , Legendre Tiffany S.
Published: January 2024

Increasing operational transparency offers customers the opportunity to observe the labor and efforts of service staff in the service production and delivery process. This study explores the impact of service design on customers’ affective, cognitive, and behavioral responses. This study first investigates the effects of operational transparency on customers’ brand evaluation and purchase intention through gratitude (affective) and perceived value (cognitive). This study also explores the moderating role of relationship norms in the proposed relationships. Based on two between-subjects experiments, Study 1 identifies the serial mediating role of customer gratitude and perceived value on the relationship between operational transparency and customers’ brand evaluation and their purchase intention. The results of Study 2 demonstrate that the Study 1 discovery only lasts when the exchange relationship norm prevails in a customer-service brand relationship. The theoretical and managerial implications of operational transparency in enhancing customer service experience are discussed.
Tourism and Hospitality Forecasting With Big Data: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Wu Doris Chenguang , Zhong Shiteng , Wu Ji , Song Haiyan
Published: January 2024

Empirical research has shown that incorporating big data into tourism and hospitality forecasting significantly improves prediction accuracy. This study presents a comprehensive review of big data forecasting in the tourism and hospitality industry, critically evaluating existing research and identifying five key research questions and trends that require further attention. These include the lack of theoretical foundation, the rise of high-frequency forecasting research, less attention to unstructured data, the necessity of dynamic data analysis in forecasting, and the construction of a tourism and hospitality demand information system based on cloud computing. Importantly, this study constructs a theoretical framework by combining relevant theories from psychology, communication, information processing, and other fields. Five types of big data used for tourism and hospitality forecasting are identified: web-based volume data, social media statistics, textual data, photo data, and video data. Additionally, more recent tactics such as mixed data sampling and machine learning methods are discussed.
How and Why Commitment-Focused Hospitality Employee Recognitions Attract Growth-Minded Job Seekers: An Inspiration Theory Perspective
Authors: Wang Peihao , Wu Laurie , McGinley Sean
Published: January 2024

Applying inspiration theory, this research contrasts the effect of commitment- versus achievement-focused social media employee recognition on growth- versus fixed-minded job seekers’ perceived organizational attractiveness and job pursuit intentions. Results across two studies show that growth-minded job seekers exhibit significantly higher levels of perceived organizational attractiveness and job pursuit intentions toward commitment-focused (vs. achievement-focused) recognition. In contrast, there was no discernible difference among fixed-minded job seekers. Notably, these effects were moderated by recognized individuals’ organizational status (i.e., employee vs. management) and the recognition reshare party (i.e., recognized individual vs. company). Moreover, the findings observed that the conditional effects were underpinned by the mechanism of inspiration. This research offers valuable insights for the hospitality management literature and provides pragmatic recommendations for hospitality firms and HR professionals aiming to attract growth-minded potential employees.
Cross-Sector Collaboration to Improve Access to Community Services for People Living With Diabetes: Contributions From Actor-Network Theory
Authors: Layani Géraldine , Tremblay Alexandre , Lussier Marie-Thérèse , Godbout Isabelle , Bihan Hélène , Gosselin Claire , Pierre Mégane , Motulsky Aude , Brault Isabelle , Rodrigues Isabel , Kaczorowski Janusz , Vanier Marie-Claude , Yapi Sopie Marielle
Published: January 2024

Diabetes is a global public health issue. The Public Health Agency of Canada published a Diabetes Framework 2022 which recommends collaborative work across sectors to mitigate the impact of diabetes on health and quality of life. Since 2020, the INMED-COMMUNITY pathway has been implemented in Laval, Québec developing collaboration between healthcare and community sectors through a participatory action research approach. The aim of this article is to gain a better understanding of the INMED-COMMUNITY pathway implementation process, based on the mobilization of network actor theory. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted from January to March 2023 with 12 participants from 3 different sectors (community, health system, research), were carried out using actor-network theory. The results explored the conditions for effective intersectoral collaboration in a participatory action research approach to implement the INMED-COMMUNITY pathway. These were: (1) contextualization of the project, (2) a consultation approach involving various stakeholders, (3) creation of new partnerships, (4) presence of a project coordinator, and (5) mobilization of stakeholders around a common definition of diabetes. Mediation supported by a project coordinator contributed to the implementation of an intersectoral collaborative health intervention, largely due to early identification of controversies.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Prurigo Nodularis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Taghaddos Dana , Savinova Iryna , Abu-Hilal Mohannad
Published: January 2024

Background:

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a complex chronic skin disease characterized by severe pruritic nodules. PN is often associated with mental health disorders and chronic medical comorbidities. Until recently, PN treatment has been challenging and difficult.

Objectives:

This study aims to describe the demographic, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities associated with PN. Also, we aim to describe the effectiveness of systemic therapies, including methotrexate, cyclosporine, and narrow band ultraviolet (NB-UVB) in adult patients with PN.

Methods:

This is a retrospective chart review of adult patients diagnosed with PN at Hamilton Health Science Center and/or McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, between 2015 and 2023.

Results:

The study included 81 patients (57% female). The mean age was 52.8 years, and the mean age of PN diagnosis was 50 years. Reported symptoms included: itching (100%), dry skin (53%), pain (17%), and burning sensation (5%). Lower and upper extremities were the most common areas involved in 93% and 69%, respectively. Mental health disorders were present in 79% of patients, with depression (58%) and anxiety (52%) being the most common. Atopic dermatitis was the most common skin comorbidity noted. Treatments used included cyclosporine, and NB-UVB, and MTX, which resulted in significant improvement of pruritus in 38%, 35%, and 31% of patients, respectively, at week 16.

Conclusions:

PN is associated with increased risk of mental health disorders and other medical comorbidities. Cyclosporine, methotrexate, and NB-UVB therapy may be effective treatment options, however clinicians must consider the potential short- and long-term adverse effects of these treatments.
Reworlding: Urban Play as Method for Exploring Alternate Social Imaginaries
Authors: Innocent Troy
Published: January 2024

Urban play is a way of being, a frame for the reimagination of the world, and an opening up of potential and possibility. Playable cities from around the world demonstrate that this approach to civic engagement can improve public spaces and infrastructure and connect people to their cities and each other. The city as playground may be explored through creative practice methodologies and practices that emerge from urban play described as “reworlding.” Drawing upon field research within the Poblenou superilla and in Melbourne in response to Indigenous ways of being, various urban play methodologies and practices are articulated. Connections are explored between Barcelona’s inventive approach to public space, First Peoples connection to place and the alternate social imaginaries that emerge. However, while these worlds are present, they are obscured by dominant patterns of urban design—urban play methods are explored to bring them to the surface, making them playable.
Use of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies during pregnancy in France: Nationwide study between 2010 and 2021
Authors: Swital Morgane , Drouin Jérôme , Miranda Sara , Bakchine Serge , Botton Jérémie , Dray-Spira Rosemary
Published: January 2024

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently affects women of childbearing age and pregnant women.

Objective:

To assess the use of MS disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) during pregnancy in France over the last decade, marked by an increasing DMTs availability.

Methods:

All pregnancies ended from April 2010 to December 2021 in women with MS were identified based on the nationwide Mother–Child Register EPI-MERES, built from the French National Health Data System ( Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS)).

Results:

Of a total of 20,567 pregnancies in women with MS, 7587 were exposed to DMT. The number of DMT-exposed pregnancies markedly increased from 1079 in 2010–2012 to 2413 in 2019–2021 (+124%), especially those exposed to glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, dimethyl fumarate, and anti-CD20. Among pregnancies of women on DMT 6 months before pregnancy, 78.0% underwent DMT discontinuation and 7.6% switched DMT, generally before (33.0% and 77.0%, respectively) or during the first trimester of pregnancy (58.3% and 17.8%, respectively). DMT discontinuation decreased from 84.0% in 2010–2012 to 72.4% in 2019–2021 and was less frequent among women aged ⩾35 years and those socioeconomically disadvantaged.

Conclusion:

Despite MS therapeutic management adaptations to pregnancy, exposure during pregnancy to treatments whose safety profile has not yet been clearly established has increased sharply over the last decade.
Interprofessional Education in Child Protection for Preservice Health and Allied Health Professionals: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lines Lauren Elizabeth , Kakyo Tracy Alexis , McLaren Helen , Cooper Megan , Sivertsen Nina , Hutton Alison , Zannettino Lana , Starrs Rebecca , Hartz Donna , Brown Shannon , Grant Julian
Published: January 2024

Health and allied health professionals are uniquely positioned to collaborate in prevention, early intervention and responses to child maltreatment. Effective collaboration requires comprehensive interprofessional education (IPE), and inadequate collaboration across sectors and professions continually contributes to poor outcomes for children. Little is known about what interprofessional preparation health and allied health professionals receive before initial qualification (preservice) that equips them for interprofessional collaboration and provision of culturally safe care in child protection. This scoping review aimed to identify what is known internationally about IPE in child protection for preservice health and allied health professionals. Thirteen manuscripts reporting 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the synthesis. Key characteristics of the educational interventions are presented, including target disciplines, core content and their learning objectives and activities. Findings demonstrated primarily low-quality methodologies and educational interventions that had not been replicated beyond their initial context. Many educational interventions did not provide comprehensive content covering the spectrum of prevention, early intervention and responses for all types of child maltreatment, and/or did not clearly indicate how IPE was achieved. Key challenges to delivering comprehensive interprofessional child protection include lack of institutional support and competing priorities across disciplines who must meet requirements of separate regulatory bodies. Consequently, there is a need for further development and robust evaluation of educational interventions to explore how interprofessional collaborative skills for child protection can be developed and delivered in preservice health and allied health professional education.