bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Target Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and Secondary Prevention for Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Ju Hyeon , Cha Jung-Joon , Lim Subin , An Jungseok , Kim Mi-Na , Hong Soon Jun , Joo Hyung Joon , Park Jae Hyoung , Yu Cheol Woong , Lim Do-Sun , Byeon Kyeongmin , Kim Sang-Wook , Shin Eun-Seok , Cha Kwang Soo , Chae Jei Keon , Ahn Youngkeun , Jeong Myung Ho , Ahn Tae Hoon
Published: May 2022

Although lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels following acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the cornerstone of secondary prevention, the attainment of recommended LDL-C goals remains suboptimal in real-world practice. We sought to investigate recurrent adverse events in post-MI patients. From the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction-National Institutes of Health registry, a total of 5049 patients with both measurements of plasma LDL-C levels at index admission and at the one-year follow-up visit were identified. Patients who achieved an LDL-C reduction ≥ 50% from the index MI and an LDL-C level ≤ 70 mg/dL at follow-up were classified as target LDL-C achievers. The primary endpoint was a two-year major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), including cardiovascular mortality, recurrent MI, and ischemic stroke. Among the 5049 patients, 1114 (22.1%) patients achieved the target LDL-C level. During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, target LDL-C achievers showed a significantly lower incidence (2.2% vs. 3.5%, log-rank p = 0.022) and a reduced adjusted hazard of MACCE (0.63; p = 0.041). In patients with acute MI, achieving a target LDL-C level was associated with a lower incidence and a reduced hazard of recurrent clinical events. These results highlight the need to improve current practices for managing LDL-C levels in real-world settings.
A Comprehensive Star Rating Approach for Cruise Ships Based on Interactive Group Decision Making with Personalized Individual Semantics
Authors: Cao Mingshuo , Liu Yujia , Gai Tiantian , Zhou Mi , Fujita Hamido , Wu Jian
Published: May 2022

This article proposes a comprehensive star rating approach for cruise ships by the combination of subject and objective evaluation. To do that, it firstly established a index system of star rating for cruise ships. Then, the modified TOPSIS is adopted to tackle objective data for obtaining star ratings for basic cruise indicators and service capabilities of cruise ships. Thus, the concept of distributed linguistic star rating function (DLSRF) is defined to analyze the subjective evaluation from experts and users. Hence, a novel weight calculation method with interactive group decision making is presented to assign the importance of the main indicators. Particularly, in order to enable decision makers to effectively deal with the uncertainty in this star rating process, it adopts the personalized individual semantics (PIS) model. Finally, data of nine cruise ships is collected to obtain their final star rating results and some suggestions for improving cruise service capabilities and star indicators were put forward.
Ship Intention Prediction at Intersections Based on Vision and Bayesian Framework
Authors: Chen Qianqian , Xiao Changshi , Wen Yuanqiao , Tao Mengwei , Zhan Wenqiang
Published: May 2022

Due to the high error frequency of the existing methods in identifying a ship’s navigational intention, accidents frequently occur at intersections. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the ability to perceive ship intention at intersections. In this paper, we propose an algorithm based on the fusion of image sequence and radar information to identify the navigation intention of ships at intersections. Some existing algorithms generally use the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to identify ship intentions but ignore the problems of AIS delay and data loss, resulting in unsatisfactory effectiveness and accuracy of intention recognition. Firstly, to obtain the relationship between radar and image, a cooperative target composed of a group of concentric circles and a central positioning radar angle reflector is designed. Secondly, the corresponding relationship of radar and image characteristic matrix is obtained after employing the RANSAC method to fit radar and image detection information; then, the homographic matrix is solved to realize radar and image data matching. Thirdly, the YOLOv5 detector is used to track the ship motion in the image sequence. The visual measurement model based on continuous object tracking is established to extract the ship motion parameters. Finally, the motion intention of the ship is predicted by integrating the extracted ship motion features with the position information of the shallow layer using a Bayesian framework. Many experiments on real data sets show that our proposed method is superior to the most advanced method for ship intention identification at intersections.
Research on the Depth Control Strategy of an Underwater Profiler Driven by a Mixture of Ocean Thermal Energy and Electric Energy
Authors: Xia Qingchao , Chen Bingzhe , Sun Xiaotong , Yang Canjun , Zhang Sheng , Chen Yanhu
Published: May 2022

Marine resources are rich and contain an enormous amount of energy. The exploration of marine resources and the effective use of ocean energy have gradually become the research focus of scholars all over the world. A profiler driven by ocean thermal energy can monitor the vertical profile of the surrounding sea area for a long time. To realize the levitation at a fixed water depth on the premise of saving energy, in this paper, a new buoyancy regulation system driven by the mixture of ocean thermal energy and electric energy is designed, and a new depth control strategy for the hybrid drive is proposed. Compared with the traditional profiler, the new profiler, in which the main energy required for buoyancy regulation is provided by ocean thermal energy, can reduce electrical energy consumption. Simulations of SMC (sliding mode control) and conventional PID control were conducted, and the results showed that the SMC method has advantages in terms of response speed, overshoot, and energy saving. A lake test was conducted and the results showed that the new control method can make the equipment reach the fixed water depth position; however, due to the complex water flow environment, the precision and stability of the controller need to be improved in the future.
Radiation Exposure Perturbs IL-17RA-Mediated Immunity Leading to Changes in Neutrophil Responses That Increase Susceptibility to Oropharyngeal Candidiasis
Authors: Saul-McBeth Jessica , Dillon John , Launder Dylan , Hickey Maura , Yi Elise Mein-Chiain , Daboul Yusuf , Biswas Priosmita , Salari Elahheh , Parsai E. Ishmael , Conti Heather R.
Published: May 2022

Fungal infections caused by Candida albicans are a serious problem for immunocompromised individuals, including those undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. Targeted irradiation causes inflammatory dysregulation and damage to the oral mucosa that can be exacerbated by candidiasis. Post-irradiation the cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) protects the oral mucosae by promoting oral epithelial regeneration and balancing the oral immune cell populations, which leads to the eventual healing of the tissue. IL-17 signaling is also critical for the antifungal response during oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). Yet, the benefit of IL-17 during other forms of candidiasis, such as vulvovaginal candidiasis, is not straightforward. Therefore, it was important to determine the role of IL-17 during OPC associated with radiation-induced inflammatory damage. To answer this question, we exposed Il17ra−/− and wild-type mice to head-neck irradiation (HNI) and OPC to determine if the IL-17 signaling pathway was still protective against C. albicans. HNI increased susceptibility to OPC, and in Il17ra−/− mice, the mucosal damage and fungal burden were elevated compared to control mice. Intriguingly, neutrophil influx was increased in Il17ra−/− mice, yet these cells had reduced capacity to phagocytose C. albicans and failed to clear OPC compared to immunocompetent mice. These findings suggest that radiotherapy not only causes physical damage to the oral cavity but also skews immune mediators, leading to increased susceptibility to oropharyngeal candidiasis.
Spatial Distribution of Agricultural Eco-Efficiency and Agriculture High-Quality Development in China
Authors: Chi Mingjia , Guo Qinyang , Mi Lincheng , Wang Guofeng , Song Weiming
Published: May 2022

Agricultural ecological efficiency is not only the key link between green development and high-quality development of agriculture, but also an important regulatory indicator for China’s rural revitalization. Based on provincial panel data of China from 2000 to 2019, using land, mechanical, labor, fertilizer, pesticide, and agricultural film as input variables and economic output and agricultural carbon emissions as output variables, the inter-provincial agricultural ecological efficiency is calculated by a super-efficient SBM model, and the traditional spatial Markov probability transfer matrices are constructed based on time series and spatial correlation analyses. By exploring the spatial and temporal dynamic evolution characteristics of agricultural ecological efficiency, it is found that the agricultural ecological efficiency of China increased steadily with fluctuations. In addition, the provincial gap has been narrowing, but the overall level is still at a low level; thus, there is still a large space for improvement in agricultural ecological efficiency. The overall trend of agricultural ecological efficiency shifting to a high level in China is significant, but its evolution has the stability to maintain the original state, and achieving leapfrog transfer is relatively hard. The geospatial pattern plays an important role in the spatial-temporal evolution of agricultural ecological efficiency, with significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. Provinces with high agricultural ecological efficiency enjoy positive spillover effects, while provinces with low agricultural ecological efficiency have negative spillover effects; thus, gradually forming a “club convergence” phenomenon of “high agglomeration, low agglomeration, high radiation, and low suppression” in the spatial pattern. In addition, support for the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency will be provided in this study.
Autonomous Visual Navigation for a Flower Pollination Drone
Authors: Hulens Dries , Van Ranst Wiebe , Cao Ying , Goedemé Toon
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present the development of a visual navigation capability for a small drone enabling it to autonomously approach flowers. This is a very important step towards the development of a fully autonomous flower pollinating nanodrone. The drone we developed is totally autonomous and relies for its navigation on a small on-board color camera, complemented with one simple ToF distance sensor, to detect and approach the flower. The proposed solution uses a DJI Tello drone carrying a Maix Bit processing board capable of running all deep-learning-based image processing and navigation algorithms on-board. We developed a two-stage visual servoing algorithm that first uses a highly optimized object detection CNN to localize the flowers and fly towards it. The second phase, approaching the flower, is implemented by a direct visual steering CNN. This enables the drone to detect any flower in the neighborhood, steer the drone towards the flower and make the drone’s pollinating rod touch the flower. We trained all deep learning models based on an artificial dataset with a mix of images of real flowers, artificial (synthetic) flowers and virtually rendered flowers. Our experiments demonstrate that the approach is technically feasible. The drone is able to detect, approach and touch the flowers totally autonomously. Our 10 cm sized prototype is trained on sunflowers, but the methodology presented in this paper can be retrained for any flower type.
Resveratrol Decreases the Invasion Potential of Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Rojo Daniel , Madrid Alejandro , Martín Sebastián San , Párraga Mario , Silva Pinhal Maria Aparecida , Villena Joan , Valenzuela-Valderrama Manuel
Published: May 2022

The cancer-preventive agent Resveratrol (RSV) [3,5,4′-trihydroxytrans-stilbene] is a widely recognized antioxidant molecule with antitumoral potential against several types of cancers, including prostate, hepatic, breast, skin, colorectal, and pancreatic. Herein, we studied the effect of RSV on the cell viability and invasion potential of gastric cancer cells. AGS and MKN45 cells were treated with different doses of RSV (0–200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was determined using the Sulphorhodamine B dye (SRB) assay. For invasion assays, gastric cells were pre-treated with RSV (5–25 μM) for 24 h and then seeded in a Transwell chamber with coating Matrigel. The results obtained showed that RSV inhibited invasion potential in both cell lines. Moreover, to elucidate the mechanism implicated in this process, we analyzed the effects of RSV on SOD, heparanase, and NF-κB transcriptional activity. The results indicated that RSV increased SOD activity in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, RSV significantly reduced the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB and the enzymatic activity of heparanase in similar conditions, which was determined using ELISA-like assays. In summary, these results show that RSV increases SOD activity but decreases NF-kB transcriptional activity and heparanase enzymatic activity, which correlates with the attenuation of invasion potential in gastric cancer cells. To our knowledge, no previous study has described the effect of RSV on heparanase activity. This article proposes that heparanase could be a key effector in the invasive events occurring during gastric cancer metastasis.
Volatile Variation of Theobroma cacao Malvaceae L. Beans Cultivated in Taiwan Affected by Processing via Fermentation and Roasting
Authors: Lin Li-Yun , Chen Kwei-Fan , Changchien Lin-Ling , Chen Kuan-Chou , Peng Robert Y.
Published: May 2022

After being harvested, cacao beans are usually subjected to very complex processes in order to improve their chemical and physical characteristics, like tastefulness with chocolate characteristic flavors. The traditional process consists of three major processing stages: fermentation, drying, and roasting, while most of the fermentation is carried out by an on-farm in-box process. In Taiwan, we have two major cocoa beans, the red and the yellow. We proposed that the major factor affecting the variation in tastes and colors in the finished cocoa might be the difference between cultivars. To uncover this, we examined the effect of the three major processes including fermentation, drying and roasting on these two cocoa beans. Results indicated that the two cultivars really behaved differently (despite before or after processing with fermentation, drying, and roasting) with respect to the patterns of fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, and arachidonic); triacylglycerols:1,2,3-trioleoyl-glycerol (OOO); 1-stearoyl-2,3-oleoyl-glycerol (SOO); 1-stearoyl-sn-2-oleoyl-3-arachidoyl- glycerol (SOA); 1,3-distearyol-sn-2-oleoyl-glycerol (SOS); organic acids (citric, tartaric, acetic, and malic); soluble sugars (glucose and fructose); amino acids; total phenolics; total flavonoids; and volatiles. Our findings suggest that to choose specific processing conditions for each specific cocoa genotype is the crucial point of processing cocoa with consistent taste and color.
Poloxamer 407/188 Binary Thermosensitive Gel as a Moxidectin Delivery System: In Vitro Release and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Ruan Xiangchun , Hu Jidong , Lu Lianshou , Wang Youwei , Tang Chunlian , Liu Faquan , Gao Xiuge , Zhang Li , Wu Hao , Huang Xianhui , Wei Qing
Published: May 2022

Moxidectin (MXD) is an antiparasitic drug used extensively in veterinary clinics. In this study, to develop a new formulation of MXD, a thermosensitive gel of MXD (MXD-TG) was prepared based on poloxamer 407/188. Furthermore, the gelation temperature, the stability, in vitro release kinetics and in vivo pharmacokinetics of MXD-TG were evaluated. The results showed that the gelation temperature was approximately 27 °C. MXD-TG was physically stable and can be released continuously for more than 96 h in vitro. The Korsmeyer–Peppas model provided the best fit to the release kinetics, and the release mechanism followed a diffusive erosion style. MXD-TG was released persistently for over 70 days in sheep. Part of pharmacokinetic parameters had a difference in female and male sheep (p < 0.05). It was concluded that MXD-TG had a good stability, and its release followed the characteristics of a diffusive erosion style in vitro and a sustained release pattern in vivo.
Facile Synthesis of Tricyclic 1,2,4-Oxadiazolines-Fused Tetrahydro-Isoquinolines from Oxime Chlorides with 3,4-Dihydroisoquinoline Imines
Authors: Wang Kaikai , Li Yanli , Zhang Wei , Chen Rongxiang , Ma Xueji , Wang Mingyue , Zhou Nan
Published: May 2022

A mild and efficient strategy for the synthesis of tricyclic 1,2,4-oxadiazolines-fused tetrahydro-isoquinolines derivatives via [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction is reported. The reactions provided the functionalized tricyclic 1,2,4-oxadiazolines in high yields (up to 96%). This protocol is simple and easy to handle. Moreover, a gram-scale experiment further highlights the synthetic utility. The chemical structure of the product was determined by X-ray single-crystal structure analysis. A possible mechanism for this transformation is proposed to explain the reaction process.
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Active Components and Antioxidant Activity from Polygala tenuifolia: A Comparative Study of the Response Surface Methodology and Least Squares Support Vector Machine
Authors: Li Xuran , Chen Simiao , Zhang Jinghui , Yu Li , Chen Weiyan , Zhang Yuyan
Published: May 2022

Dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia (YuanZhi in Chinese) are widely used in Chinese herbal medicine. These components in YuanZhi have significant anti-oxidation properties owing to high levels of 3,6’-disinapoylsucrose (DISS) and Polygalaxanthone III (PolyIII). In order to efficiently extract natural medicines, response surface methodology (RSM) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) were used for the modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of DISS and PolyIII together to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from YuanZhi. For the optimal combination of the comprehensive yield of DISS and PolyIII (Y), the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to improve extraction time (X1), extraction temperature (X2), liquid–solid ratio (X3), and ethanol concentration (X4). The optimal process parameters were determined to be as follows: extraction time, 93 min; liquid–solid ratio, 40 mL/g; extraction temperature, 48 °C; and ethanol concentration, 67%. With these conditions, the predictive optimal combination comprehensive evaluation value is 13.0217. It was clear that the LS-SVM model had higher accuracy in predictive and optimization capabilities, with higher antioxidant activity and lower relative deviations values, than did RSM. Hence, the LS-SVM model proved to be more effective for the analysis and improvement of the extraction process.
Non-Invasive Rheo-MRI Study of Egg Yolk-Stabilized Emulsions: Yield Stress Decay and Protein Release
Authors: Serial Maria R. , Arnaudov Luben N. , Stoyanov Simeon , Dijksman Joshua A. , Terenzi Camilla , van Duynhoven John P. M.
Published: May 2022

A comprehensive understanding of the time-dependent flow behavior of concentrated oil-in-water emulsions is of considerable industrial importance. Along with conventional rheology measurements, localized flow and structural information are key to gaining insight into the underlying mechanisms causing time variations upon constant shear. In this work, we study the time-dependent flow behavior of concentrated egg-yolk emulsions with (MEY) or without (EY) enzymatic modification and unravel the effects caused by viscous friction during shear. We observe that prolonged shear leads to irreversible and significant loss of apparent viscosity in both emulsion formulations at a mild shear rate. The latter effect is in fact related to a yield stress decay during constant shearing experiments, as indicated by the local flow curve measurements obtained by rheo-MRI. Concurrently, two-dimensional D-T2 NMR measurements revealed a decrease in the T2 NMR relaxation time of the aqueous phase, indicating the release of surface-active proteins from the droplet interface towards the continuous water phase. The combination of an increase in droplet diameter and the concomitant loss of proteins aggregates from the droplet interface leads to a slow decrease in yield stress.
Recombinant Protein Technology in the Challenging Era of Coronaviruses
Authors: Cabal Ace Bryan Sotelo , Wu Tzong-Yuan
Published: May 2022

Coronaviruses have caused devastation in both human and animal populations, affecting both health and the economy. Amidst the emergence and re-emergence of coronaviruses, humans need to surmount the health and economic threat of coronaviruses through science and evidence-based approaches. One of these approaches is through biotechnology, particularly the heterologous production of biopharmaceutical proteins. This review article briefly describes the genome, general virion morphology, and key structural proteins of different coronaviruses affecting animals and humans. In addition, this review paper also presents the different systems in recombinant protein technology such as bacteria, yeasts, plants, mammalian cells, and insect/insect cells systems used to express key structural proteins in the development of countermeasures such as diagnostics, prophylaxis, and therapeutics in the challenging era of coronaviruses.
Safety Monitoring System of CAVs Considering the Trade-Off between Sampling Interval and Data Reliability
Authors: Tak Sehyun , Choi Seongjin
Published: May 2022

The safety of urban transportation systems is considered a public health issue worldwide, and many researchers have contributed to improving it. Connected automated vehicles (CAVs) and cooperative intelligent transportation systems (C-ITSs) are considered solutions to ensure the safety of urban transportation systems using various sensors and communication devices. However, realizing a data flow framework, including data collection, data transmission, and data processing, in South Korea is challenging, as CAVs produce a massive amount of data every minute, which cannot be transmitted via existing communication networks. Thus, raw data must be sampled and transmitted to the server for further processing. The data acquired must be highly accurate to ensure the safety of the different agents in C-ITS. On the other hand, raw data must be reduced through sampling to ensure transmission using existing communication systems. Thus, in this study, C-ITS architecture and data flow are designed, including messages and protocols for the safety monitoring system of CAVs, and the optimal sampling interval determined for data transmission while considering the trade-off between communication efficiency and accuracy of the safety performance indicators. Three safety performance indicators were introduced: severe deceleration, lateral position variance, and inverse time to collision. A field test was conducted to collect data from various sensors installed in the CAV, determining the optimal sampling interval. In addition, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was conducted to ensure statistical consistency between the sampled and raw datasets. The effects of the sampling interval on message delay, data accuracy, and communication efficiency in terms of the data compression ratio were analyzed. Consequently, a sampling interval of 0.2 s is recommended for optimizing the system’s overall efficiency.
Improving the Quality of Measurements Made by Alphasense NO2 Non-Reference Sensors Using the Mathematical Methods
Authors: Rogulski Mariusz , Badyda Artur , Gayer Anna , Reis Johnny
Published: May 2022

Conventional NO2 monitoring devices are relatively cumbersome, expensive, and have a relatively high-power consumption that limits their use to fixed sites. On the other hand, they offer high-quality measurements. In contrast, the low-cost NO2 sensors offer greater flexibility, are smaller, and allow greater coverage of the area with the measuring devices. However, their disadvantage is much lower accuracy. The main goal of this study was to investigate the measurement data quality of NO2-B43F Alphasense sensors. The measurement performance analysis of Alphasense NO2-B43F sensors was conducted in two research areas in Poland. Sensors were placed near fixed, professional air quality monitoring stations, carrying out measurements based on reference methods, in the following periods: July–November, and December–May. Results of the study show that without using sophisticated correction methods, the range of measured air pollution concentrations may be greater than their actual values in ambient air—measured in the field by fixed stations. In the case of summer months (with air temperature over 30 °C), the long-term mean absolute percentage error was over 150% and the sensors, using the methods recommended by the manufacturer, in the case of high temperatures could even show negative values. After applying the mathematical correction functions proposed in this article, it was possible to significantly reduce long-term errors (to 40–70% per month, regardless of the location of the measurements) and eliminate negative measurement values. The proposed method is based on the recalculation of the raw measurement, air temperature, and air RH and does not require the use of extensive analytical tools.
Development of Fixed-Wing UAV 3D Coverage Paths for Urban Air Quality Profiling
Authors: Zhou Qianyu , Lo Li-Yu , Jiang Bailun , Chang Ching-Wei , Wen Chih-Yung , Chen Chih-Keng , Zhou Weifeng
Published: May 2022

Due to the ever-increasing industrial activity, humans and the environment suffer from deteriorating air quality, making the long-term monitoring of air particle indicators essential. The advances in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer the potential to utilize UAVs for various forms of monitoring, of which air quality data acquisition is one. Nevertheless, most current UAV-based air monitoring suffers from a low payload, short endurance, and limited range, as they are primarily dependent on rotary aerial vehicles. In contrast, a fixed-wing UAV may be a better alternative. Additionally, one of the most critical modules for 3D profiling of a UAV system is path planning, as it directly impacts the final results of the spatial coverage and temporal efficiency. Therefore, this work focused on developing 3D coverage path planning based upon current commercial ground control software, where the method mainly depends on the Boustrophedon and Dubins paths. Furthermore, a user interface was also designed for easy accessibility, which provides a generalized tool module that links up the proposed algorithm, the ground control software, and the flight controller. Simulations were conducted to assess the proposed methods. The result showed that the proposed methods outperformed the existing coverage paths generated by ground control software, as it showed a better coverage rate with a sampling density of 50 m.
Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development
Authors: Gonçalves José Manuel , Nunes Manuel , Ferreira Susana , Jordão António , Paixão José , Eugénio Rui , Russo António , Damásio Henrique , Duarte Isabel Maria , Bahcevandziev Kiril
Published: May 2022

Rice irrigation by continuous flooding is highly water demanding in comparison with most methods applied in the irrigation of other crops, due to a significant deep percolation and surface drainage of paddies. The pollution of water resources and methane emissions are other environmental problems of rice agroecosystems, which require effective agronomic changes to safeguard its sustainable production. To contribute to this solution, an experimental study of alternate wetting and drying flooding (AWD) was carried out in the Center of Portugal in farmer’s paddies, using the methodology of field irrigation evaluation. The AWD results showed that there is a relevant potential to save about 10% of irrigation water with a reduced yield impact, allowing an additional period of about 10 to 29 days of dry soil. The guidelines to promote the on-farm scale AWD automation were outlined, integrating multiple data sources, to get a safe control of soil water and crop productivity. The conclusions point out the advantages of a significant change in the irrigation procedures, the use of water level sensors to assess the right irrigation scheduling to manage the soil deficit and the mild crop stress during the dry periods, and the development of paddy irrigation supplies, to allow a safe and smart AWD.
Deep Neural Networks Based on Span Association Prediction for Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction
Authors: Huang Weichun , Yang Yixue , Peng Zhiying , Xiong Liyan , Huang Xiaohui
Published: May 2022

The emotion-cause pair extraction task is a fine-grained task in text sentiment analysis, which aims to extract all emotions and their underlying causes in a document. Recent studies have addressed the emotion-cause pair extraction task in a step-by-step manner, i.e., the two subtasks of emotion extraction and cause extraction are completed first, followed by the pairing task of emotion-cause pairs. However, this fail to deal well with the potential relationship between the two subtasks and the extraction task of emotion-cause pairs. At the same time, the grammatical information contained in the document itself is ignored. To address the above issues, we propose a deep neural network based on span association prediction for the task of emotion-cause pair extraction, exploiting general grammatical conventions to span-encode sentences. We use the span association pairing method to obtain candidate emotion-cause pairs, and establish a multi-dimensional information interaction mechanism to screen candidate emotion-cause pairs. Experimental results on a quasi-baseline corpus show that our model can accurately extract potential emotion-cause pairs and outperform existing baselines.
Reducing Slip Risk: A Feasibility Study of Gait Training with Semi-Real-Time Feedback of Foot–Floor Contact Angle
Authors: Ma Christina Zong-Hao , Bao Tian , DiCesare Christopher A. , Harris Isaac , Chambers April , Shull Peter B. , Zheng Yong-Ping , Cham Rakie , Sienko Kathleen H.
Published: May 2022

Slip-induced falls, responsible for approximately 40% of falls, can lead to severe injuries and in extreme cases, death. A large foot–floor contact angle (FFCA) during the heel-strike event has been associated with an increased risk of slip-induced falls. The goals of this feasibility study were to design and assess a method for detecting FFCA and providing cues to the user to generate a compensatory FFCA response during a future heel-strike event. The long-term goal of this research is to train gait in order to minimize the likelihood of a slip event due to a large FFCA. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) was used to estimate FFCA, and a speaker provided auditory semi-real-time feedback when the FFCA was outside of a 10–20 degree target range following a heel-strike event. In addition to training with the FFCA feedback during a 10-min treadmill training period, the healthy young participants completed pre- and post-training overground walking trials. Results showed that training with FFCA feedback increased FFCA events within the target range by 16% for “high-risk” walkers (i.e., participants that walked with more than 75% of their FFCAs outside the target range) both during feedback treadmill trials and post-training overground trials without feedback, supporting the feasibility of training FFCA using a semi-real-time FFCA feedback system.
Behavioral Impairment in Aquatic Organisms Exposed to Neurotoxic Pollutants
Authors: Faria Melissa , Barata Carlos , Raldúa Demetrio
Published: May 2022

Neuroactive chemicals are compounds that can modulate, at very low concentrations, the normal function of the central nervous systems of an organism through various primary modes of action (MoA) [...]
Helicobacter spp. in the Stomach of Cats: Successful Colonization and Absence of Relevant Histopathological Alterations Reveals High Adaptation to the Host Gastric Niche
Authors: Teixeira Sílvia , Filipe Dulce , Cerqueira Manuela , Barradas Patrícia , Cortez Nunes Francisco , Faria Fátima , Haesebrouck Freddy , Mesquita João R. , Gärtner Fátima , Amorim Irina
Published: May 2022

In addition to Helicobacter pylori, many non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacters (NHPH) are able to cause gastric disease in humans. Cats are a natural reservoir for many of these species. Accordingly, living in close and intimate contact with animals has been identified as a risk factor, and an important zoonotic significance has therefore been attributed to NHPH. To determine the prevalence and associated gastric histopathological changes of Helicobacter species, the gastric mucosa of 71 cats were evaluated. Only four presented normal histopathological mucosa with the absence of spiral-shaped organisms. Normal gastric mucosa and the presence of spiral-shaped bacteria were observed in 13 cats. The remaining animals presented histopathological changes representative of gastritis. Helicobacter species were detected in 53 cats (74.6%) by at least one detection method. None of the animals were positive for H. pylori or for H. ailurogastricus. Helicobacter heilmannii organisms were identified in 20 animals, predominantly in the body gastric region. Helicobacter salomonis was the second most prevalent species (57.1%), although it was mainly found in association with other NHPH. Helicobacter felis and H. bizzozeronii were less frequently detected. The great majority of the Helicobacter spp. PCR-positive animals presented normal features regarding fibrosis/mucosal atrophy, neutrophils, eosinophils, or other inflammatory cells and lymphofollicular hyperplasia. Given the controversy and the strong evidence of absence of significant histopathological alterations associated with the presence of Helicobacter spp. in cats, it is possible to hypothesize that these bacteria may be able to adapt to the feline gastric microenvironment or even to comprise part of the gastric microbiome of this animal species. Thus, prudency must be taken when prescribing an antibiotic therapy based solely on the presence of these bacteria in the feline stomach.
Mass Transport Properties and Influence of Natural Convection for Voltammetry at the Agarose Hydrogel Interface
Authors: Kim Byung-Kwon , Park Kyungsoon
Published: May 2022

Agarose hydrogel, a solid electrolyte, was investigated voltammetrically in terms of transport properties and natural convection effects using a ferrocenyl compound as a redox probe. To confirm the diffusion properties of solute on the agarose interface, the diffusion coefficients (D) of ferrocenemethanol in agarose hydrogel were determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) according to the concentration of agarose hydrogel. While the value of D on the agarose interface is smaller than that in the bulk solution, the square root of the scan rate-dependent peak current reveals that the mass transport behavior of the solute on the agarose surface shows negligible convection or migration effects. In order to confirm the reduced natural convection on the gel interface, scan rate-dependent CV was performed in the solution phase and on the agarose surface, respectively. Slow scan voltammetry at the gel interface can determine a conventional and reproducible diffusion-controlled current down to a scan rate of 0.3 mV/s without any complicated equipment.
Preparation of rGO-S-CPEs Composite Cathode and Electrochemical Performance of All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Battery
Authors: Chen Fei , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yiluo , Cao Shiyu , Li Jun
Published: May 2022

The application of polymer composite electrolyte in all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery (ASSLSBs) can guarantee high energy density and improve the interface contact between electrolyte and electrode, which has a broader application prospect. However, the inherent insulation of the sulfur-cathode leads to a low electron/ion transfer rate. Carbon materials with high electronic conductivity and electrolyte materials with high ionic conductivity are usually selected to improve the electron/ion conduction of the composite cathode. In this work, PEO-LiTFSI-LLZO composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) with high ionic conductivity was prepared. The ionic conductivity was 1.16×10−4 and 7.26×10−4 S cm−1 at 20°C and 60°C, respectively. Meanwhile, the composite sulfur cathode was prepared with Sulfur, reduced graphene oxide and composite polymer electrolyte slurry (S-rGO-CPEs). In addition to improving the ion conductivity in the cathode, CPEs also replaces the role of binder. The influence of different contents of CPEs in the cathode material on the performance of the constructed battery was investigated. The results show that the electrochemical performance of the all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery is the best when the content of the composite electrolyte in the cathode is 40%. Under the condition of 0.2C and 45°C, the charging and discharging capacity of the first cycle is 923 mAh g−1, and the retention capacity is 653 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles.
An Adaptive CMT-SCTP Scheme: A Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Wang Deguang , Wang Mingze , Zhang Tao , Yang Shujie , Xu Changqiao
Published: May 2022

With the continuous increase of end users and types of services, the scale of the network has shown explosive growth, which has brought tremendous pressure and challenges to network data transmission. How to achieve high-quality data transmission has become a core issue. Single-path transmission has been difficult to meet the above requirements. The concurrent multipath transfer extension for stream control transmission protocol (CMT-SCTP), which supports multipath and independent data streams, can solve this problem. However, the current transmission path assessment scheme has too large granularity to make full use of the resources of the transition zone. Most studies ignore the different requirements of different services, a single transmission strategy, and the lack of an intelligent dynamic adjustment mechanism. Therefore, we designed a QCMT(Q-learning based CMT-SCTP) scheduling method. This method considers the multi-dimensional characteristics of the path and the characteristic preferences of different services, periodically evaluates and trains the reinforcement learning model for service adaptation, and makes scheduling decisions dynamically. Experimental results show that dynamic scheduling based on path parameters and service preferences can reduce message delay and improve network throughput.
LES KURBAS ARTISTIC AND PEDAGOGICAL SCHOOL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHOREOGRAPHIC EDUCATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Vasyanovych H. , Blahova T.
Published: May 2022

The article substantiates the relevance of the artistic and pedagogical heritage of the outstanding Ukrainian director of the XX century, a theater teacher, a thinker, and a founder of the national modern theater Les Kurbas, and his influence on the development of choreographic education in Ukraine. His stage-creative and pedagogical contribution to an actor’s plastic culture formation is analyzed. It has been found that the master’s achievements are formed into a coherent pedagogical system and a separate paradigmatic direction of theater education. The significance of the ‘Berezil theater school’ phenomenon in the formation of concepts of national choreographic pedagogy is studied. The complex of innovative artistic and aesthetic principles of work with future stage art performers, introduced by L. Kurbas, is characterized.

It is proved that Berezil art and pedagogical system created by L. Kurbas, in general, caused innovative changes in the choreographic training of actors and directors in the first third of the XX century. It significantly adjusted the training content, defined strategic guidelines in the formation of theoretical and practical principles of professional choreographic education. Firstly, in determining the essential features of the updated model of actor training, the status of dance as an integral part of acquiring the basics of professional skill was significantly strengthened. The formation of choreographic training content in theater universities was influenced by the choreographic and pedagogical ‘Berezil’ achievements in the areas of expanding the content of the course ‘Stage Movement,’ active implementation of the principle of unity of theoretical training with practical study of ‘Fundamentals of Acting.’ Secondly, the large-scale educational work of the Berezil association had primarily a pedagogical meaning, played a significant role in educating a wide range of amateur actors, coordinating the activities of its branches. The heads of Berezil’s peripheral studios synthesized innovative creative ideas in the field of choreographic education along with the theatrical vertical, involving working and rural youth in their understanding.

The study summarizes the leading trends of the master’s educational activities in the field of actor and director professional training by means of expressive stage movement. Among the promising key principles of the concept of choreographic education of actors and directors, formed by L. Kurbas, the deep ideological orientation, cultivation of new aesthetics of stage movement, integration of production and educational objectives, practice-oriented content, emphasis on self-improvement are singled out.
Construction of confidence intervals based on Chebyshev՚s inequality and recurrent method
Authors: Ganicheva A. V. , Ganichev A. V.
Published: May 2022

The article presents a new method for constructing confidence intervals. A formula obtained on the basis of Chebyshev's inequality is used, it is applied in the recurrent method in the case of unknown variance. A new method for describing the direct and inverse Laplace functions is proposed. The developed methods can be used not only for normal distribution, but also for any other, as well as in the case when the type of distribution law of a random variable is unknown. The practical implementation is shown by a concrete example of calculating the confidence interval for the student's score obtained from the test results.
ON THE QUESTION OF ESTIMATION OF THE WALL DEFORMABILITY OF THIN-WALL COLD FORMED PROFILES WITH A TRAPEZOID PART IN BOLT NODAL JOINTS
Authors: Gaynetdinov R. , Gimranov L. , Sibgatullin M.
Published: May 2022

The article discusses a new nodal connection of thin-walled and cold-formed profiles with a trapezoidal part of the wall using a through stop bushing. The use of this constructive solution allows to place additional bolts in the area of the concave part of the wall of a thin-walled profile, thereby including this area in work. It is noted that the invention in comparison with analogs allows to simplify the assembly process of the node by fixing the position of the sleeve when using a broadened part on one side of the gusset. At the same time, in order to effectively resist the loss of local stability of the wall of a thin-walled and cold-formed profile, it is proposed to arrange adjacent bushings with sides in the opposite direction. Issues of deformability of the wall of a thin-walled and cold-formed profile are studied when additional rows of bolts are installed in the trapezoidal part of the wall due to the developed design solutions: using a through bushing, a through bushing with a stop and in the absence of bolts in the area of the trapezoidal part. The paper presents the results of displacements of the wall under the influence of a compressive load with different variations of bolted nodal joints. A comparative assessment of the efficiency of nodal connections from the point of view of resistance to loss of local stability has been carried out. In result, it is revealed that a bolted nodal connection with the installation of additional bolts in a part of a trapezoidal wall, due to the use of a through bushing, can reduce deformability by 15% and by 33% when using a through bushing with an emphasis in relation to a connection with a two-row bolting
DIGITAL SIMULATION OF WIND FLOWS IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Authors: Vorob'eva Yu. , Mikhailova T. , Burak E.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the modeling of wind flows when placing new construction objects in the existing building. The CFD technologies are used (computational fluid dynamics) to assess the influence of wind, to determine the direction of airflow velocity vectors for a given location and geometric characteristics of buildings, the earth's surface topography. When solving the problems of modeling wind flows in a residential area, a review of tools for architectural and climatic analysis is carried out. In addition, the possibilities of calculating each of them are described, and advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. It is concluded that most of the tools remain proprietary and not integrated into the main programs for architectural and urban design. The main stages of modeling and obtaining initial data for CFD analysis are described: digital models of the terrain and buildings obtained on the basis of a geoinformation model of the city, annual data on the actual direction and speed of the wind in the study area. The values of speeds, wind for the residential group under consideration, the trajectories of its movement in the building, projected onto vertical and horizontal planes are obtained. The simulation results allow to consider measures for planning and beautification of urban space and reducing the negative impact of wind on the built-up area
KINEMATICS ANALYSIS OF A 6-DOF ROBOTIC MOBILITY PLATFORM FOR TEST BENCHES AND SIMULATORS
Authors: Buharov K. , Grishin N. , Kudrov M. , Rybak L. , Cherkasov V.
Published: May 2022

The article discusses the main aspects of the application of mathematical modeling methods to analyze the properties of 6-DOF robotic mobility platforms (RMP), which can be used as complete test benches and simulators for testing various equipment, road construction equipment, vehicles, aviation, rocket and space. The application of simulators made it possible to create a virtual environment for user interaction with a special type of equipment that responds to commands like a real one. In addition, the article considers a numerical method for solving the inverse kinematics problem of the RMP, which consists in determining the dependence of the change in the lengths of six drive rods (rectilinear drives) on six coordinates (three translational and three rotational) characterizing the position of the mobile platform in space. The mathematical modeling of the RMP kinematics has been carried out. Data on the required linear and angular position of the mobile platform of the RMP, as well as the position of the rods and the speed of the rods of the drive mechanisms based on electric cylinders are selected as initial data for calculating the RMP control system. As a result of the simulation, a corresponding sample is obtained. The corresponding maximum and minimum values of the samples are obtained. These values correspond to the requirements for the minimum and maximum stroke of the rod of electric drives that drive the RMP. The results of mathematical modeling for a set of positional parameters of the RMP are presented. Numerical simulation of the optimization task is performed for the selected configuration of geometric parameters of the mobile platform of the RMP.