bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sky and Ground Segmentation in the Navigation Visions of the Planetary Rovers
Authors: Kuang Boyu , Rana Zeeshan A. , Zhao Yifan
Published: October 2021

Sky and ground are two essential semantic components in computer vision, robotics, and remote sensing. The sky and ground segmentation has become increasingly popular. This research proposes a sky and ground segmentation framework for the rover navigation visions by adopting weak supervision and transfer learning technologies. A new sky and ground segmentation neural network (network in U-shaped network (NI-U-Net)) and a conservative annotation method have been proposed. The pre-trained process achieves the best results on a popular open benchmark (the Skyfinder dataset) by evaluating seven metrics compared to the state-of-the-art. These seven metrics achieve 99.232%, 99.211%, 99.221%, 99.104%, 0.0077, 0.0427, and 98.223% on accuracy, precision, recall, dice score (F1), misclassification rate (MCR), root mean squared error (RMSE), and intersection over union (IoU), respectively. The conservative annotation method achieves superior performance with limited manual intervention. The NI-U-Net can operate with 40 frames per second (FPS) to maintain the real-time property. The proposed framework successfully fills the gap between the laboratory results (with rich idea data) and the practical application (in the wild). The achievement can provide essential semantic information (sky and ground) for the rover navigation vision.
Central Object Segmentation by Deep Learning to Continuously Monitor Fruit Growth through RGB Images
Authors: Fukuda Motohisa , Okuno Takashi , Yuki Shinya
Published: October 2021

Monitoring fruit growth is useful when estimating final yields in advance and predicting optimum harvest times. However, observing fruit all day at the farm via RGB images is not an easy task because the light conditions are constantly changing. In this paper, we present CROP (Central Roundish Object Painter). The method involves image segmentation by deep learning, and the architecture of the neural network is a deeper version of U-Net. CROP identifies different types of central roundish fruit in an RGB image in varied light conditions, and creates a corresponding mask. Counting the mask pixels gives the relative two-dimensional size of the fruit, and in this way, time-series images may provide a non-contact means of automatically monitoring fruit growth. Although our measurement unit is different from the traditional one (length), we believe that shape identification potentially provides more information. Interestingly, CROP can have a more general use, working even for some other roundish objects. For this reason, we hope that CROP and our methodology yield big data to promote scientific advancements in horticultural science and other fields.
Fuel Consumption Monitoring through COPERT Model—A Case Study for Urban Sustainability
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Kamal Muhammad Daud , Tahir Ali , Atif Salman
Published: October 2021

Trackers installed in vehicles gives insights into many useful information and predict future mobility patterns and other aspects related to vehicles movement which can be used for smart and sustainable cities planning. A novel approach is used with the COPERT model to estimate fuel consumption on a huge dataset collected over a period of one year. Since the data size is enormous, Apache Spark, a big data analytical framework is used for performance gains while estimating vehicle fuel consumption with the lowest latency possible. The research presents peak and off-peak hours fuel consumption’s in three major cities, i.e., Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad. The results can assist smart city professionals to plan alternative trip routes, avoid traffic congestion in order to save fuel and time, and protect against urban pollution for effective smart city planning. The research will be a step towards Industry 5.0 by combining sustainable disruptive technologies.
Spatio-Temporal Clustering of Sarawak Malaysia Total Protected Area Visitors
Authors: Abang Abdurahman Abang Zainoren , Md Nasir Syerina Azlin , Wan Yaacob Wan Fairos , Jaya Serah , Mokhtar Suhaili
Published: October 2021

Based on data of visitors to national parks, nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries in Sarawak, this study’s objective is to use the spatial and temporal analysis to describe the underlying trend and temporal pattern of local and foreign visitors and ultimately infer the temporal distribution of visitors to 18 different TPAs. The second aim of the study is to cluster the visitors according to the location of TPAs using Wards hierarchical clustering method. By comparing average monthly visitors’ count, we observed that the average number of monthly visitors significantly reflects the distribution concentration of visitors based on the spatial map. Findings indicate that the monthly distributions of local and foreign visitors differ according to different TPAs. The spatial and temporal analysis found that local visitors’ arrival is high at the end of the year while foreign visitors showed significant arrival during the months of July, August and September. The Wards minimum variance method was able to cluster TPAs local and foreign visitors into very high, high, medium and low visitor area. This study provides additional information that could contribute to identifying the periods of highest visitor pressure, design measures to manage the concentration of visitors and improve the overall visitors’ experience. The findings of the study are also important to respective local authorities in providing information for planning and monitoring tourism in TPAs. Consecutively, this will ensure sustainability of TPAs resources while protecting their biodiversity.
Role of Islamic Banking during COVID-19 on Political and Financial Events: Application of Impulse Indicator Saturation
Authors: Ghouse Ghulam , Aslam Aribah , Bhatti Muhammad Ishaq
Published: October 2021

This paper attempts to detect the unavoidable impacts of COVID-19 on geopolitical and financial events related to Islamic banking and the finance sector in Pakistan. It considers only those major events that triggered imbalances in the equity prices of selected Islamic banks. Employed here is the GARCH model, used to predict the volatility series using daily data from January 2007 to July 2020. The Impulse Indicator Saturation (IIS) helps to identify the structural breaks due to COVID-19, as well as the effects of political and financial events on the returns and volatility series of Islamic banks. The results indicate that all the events due to COVID-19 are significant. While 19 out of 21 political and financial events impacted the returns and volatility series, there were only 2 political events out of 18 that showed no significant effect on the returns and the volatility series. The state’s and Islamic banks’ policymakers can use these results to build an effective and sustainable financial policy regarding Islamic finance and the banking sector.
Will I Like Myself If You Hurt Me? Experiences of Violence and Adolescents’ Self-Esteem
Authors: Jankowiak Barbara , Jaskulska Sylwia , Sanz-Barbero Belén , Waszyńska Katarzyna , Claire Karen De , Bowes Nicola , Silva Estefânia , Neves Sofia , Albaladejo-Blázquez Natalia , Pyżalski Jacek , Chmura-Rutkowska Iwona , Vives-Cases Carmen
Published: October 2021

Self-esteem seems to be a crucial factor in adolescents’ psychological well-being. Our study aimed to identify the likelihood of high/medium/low adolescents’ self-esteem in personal experiences of abuse and/or violence (abuse by an adult in childhood, bullying and cyberbullying, and dating violence victimization), different socioeconomic characteristics, perceived social support, and ability to resolve social problems. The study participants were 1451 students from secondary schools (age 13–16) in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland and the UK. We calculated relative risk ratios using multinomial regression models to understand how socioeconomic characteristics, personal experiences of abuse and/or violence, perceived social support, ability to resolve social problems were associated with a self-esteem level. Having no experience of being a victim of physical and sexual abuse in childhood and not being a victim of bullying and cyberbullying is connected with the likelihood of high self-esteem regarding having low self-esteem. Taking as reference those who have never been in a dating relationship, the probability of medium and high self-esteem, decreases when teens are in a romantic or dating relationship and they are victims of intimate partner violence, but the negative effect is explained when other violent variables are included in the model. Being a boy, begin a younger teenager, mother’s paid work, high problem-solving skills and perceptions of social support is in relation with the prospect for higher self-esteem. Promoting adolescent self-esteem means preventing all forms of violence perpetrated by significant others, as well as increasing the ability of youth to seek social support and develop problem-solving skills.
The Impact of Transformation of Farmers’ Livelihood on the Increasing Labor Costs of Grain Plantation in China
Authors: Jiang Xilong , Yin Guanyi , Lou Yi , Xie Shuai , Wei Wei
Published: October 2021

Analyzing the recessive impacts of farmers’ livelihood transformation on the surging labor cost in grain production is conducive to finding optimization paths for grain production. This study developed the Residual Livelihood Ratio (RLR) and the Livelihood Simpson Index (LSI) to measure the transformation of farmers’ livelihood in China, and applied the multiple regression model to explore the influence of the transformation of farmers’ livelihood on the labor cost of grain production. The results show that because of the soaring increment in labor cost, the net profit of rice, wheat, and maize production decreased largely in China. The LSI increased, while the RLR decreased, which indicated that farmers’ livelihoods transitioned towards a more unbalanced income–expenditure but more flexible employment. The Residual Livelihood Ratio; the mechanization input; the grain yield per unit area; the non-grain plantation degree; and the non-agricultural land use degree showed negative impacts on labor cost in grain production, whereas the Livelihood Simpson Index and Engel’s coefficient of farmers showed positive impacts on the labor cost. This paper proposes targeted policy implications for labor cost control of the grain production in China.
Motivational Context and Perfectionism Traits in Pediatric Sports
Authors: Pineda-Espejel Heriberto Antonio , León Jaime , Núñez Juan L. , Morquecho-Sánchez Raquel , Trejo Marina , Morales-Sánchez Verónica
Published: October 2021

In sports, one of the social agents who can pressure an athlete for perfection in their performance is their coach. However, perfectionism has many potential negative consequences such as excessive concerns over even minor mistakes. The purpose of this study is to test a sequential model: the motivational context (i.e., task- and ego-involving climates generated by the coach and a coach’s support for autonomy) and the facets that determine the level of perfectionism exhibited as a trait (i.e., perceived coach pressure—a facet of socially prescribed perfectionism—and concerns over mistakes—a facet of self-oriented perfectionism). The sample included 317 athletes (133 boys and 184 girls) aged between 10 and 14 years, who answered a battery of questionnaires that evaluated an athlete’s perception of their motivational climate, their perception of support for autonomy, their perceived coach pressure and their concerns over mistakes. Using the structural equations model, the results showed that the task-involving climate was negatively correlated with perceived coach pressure, whereas the ego-involving climate and support for autonomy were positively correlated with perceived coach pressure and were positively correlated with concerns over mistakes. Finally, perceived coach pressure did not influence concerns over mistakes from the motivational context. This study highlights the importance of considering motivational contexts as important motivational elements of perfectionism in youth sports.
Urban Energy Transitions in Europe, towards Low-Socio-Environmental Impact Cities
Authors: Azurza-Zubizarreta Olatz , Basurko-PerezdeArenaza Izaro , Zelarain Eñaut , Villamor Estitxu , Akizu-Gardoki Ortzi , Villena-Camarero Unai , Campos-Celador Alvaro , Barcena-Hinojal Iñaki
Published: October 2021

Achieving the ambitious targets set by Europe in its 2050 roadmap, moving away from fossil fuels towards renewable energy sources, while reducing carbon emissions, will require a radical change in Europe’s energy system. Much of the action that will enable this energy transition to be realised in a democratic way is at the local level. It is at this level that many of the decisions regarding the energy transition desired by European citizens will have to be taken. The methodology used in this study is based on data collection, literature review, data validation and analysis. A part of this analysis will also be taken by the mPower project as a diagnostic baseline. The first finding of this research work is that energy transition data availability at the local level is quite low. Second, the local authorities are experiencing difficulties in decarbonising their energy consumption. Finally, the factor with highest positive relationships with other energy transition variables is the number of people employed in the field of energy transition. The results suggest that in order to lead a participatory energy transition, the workforce specifically dedicated to energy transition is a key factor, clearly differentiating it from staff working on the general energy field.
HIV Prevalence in Migrant Groups Based on Country of Origin: A Systematic Review on Data Obtained between 1993 and 2020
Authors: Schousboe Cecilie , Wejse Christian
Published: October 2021

The prevalence of internationally displaced people has been rising steadily within the last decade, creating enormous groups of migrants vulnerable to communicable diseases. This study aims to investigate HIV prevalence in migrant groups based on country of origin and present these results as weighted estimates on HIV prevalence based on geographical origin. Furthermore, HIV prevalence by country of origin is compared to WHO estimated prevalence in these countries. A systematic literature search has been conducted, and risk of bias in the included studies has been assessed. A ratio termed the Migration/Origin ratio, expressing weighted estimates on HIV prevalence among migrants by country of origin compared to the WHO estimated HIV prevalence in the country of origin, was constructed to compare the yields of this study to WHO prevalence estimates. Based on the search strategies covering the years 1990 to February 2021, 2295 articles were identified. The articles were screened by title and/or abstract, and retrieved articles were screened by full manuscript, leading to a final inclusion of 49 studies. HIV prevalence among migrants originating from the Middle East was 0.11%, Southeast Asia 1.50%, Eastern Europe 0.44%, Latin America 0.74%, North-, East-, West-, Central- and Southern Africa 1.90%, 3.69%, 2.60%, 3.75% and 3.92%, respectively. The overall Migration/Origin ratio was 2.1. HIV prevalence among migrants originating from countries with a high HIV prevalence was generally higher than among the autochthonous population. Several HIV prevalence estimates among migrants according to country of origin varied from WHO estimates.
Industry 4.0 Technologies and Their Impact in Contemporary Logistics: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Efthymiou Orestis K. , Ponis Stavros T.
Published: October 2021

Even though the topic of Industry 4.0 in the last decade has attracted significant and multifarious attention from academics and practitioners, a structured and systematic review of Industry 4.0 in the context of contemporary logistics is currently lacking. This study attempted to address this shortcoming by performing a systematic review of the available literature of Industry 4.0 in the logistics context. To that end, and after a systematic inclusion/exclusion process, 65 carefully selected papers were addressed in the study. The results obtained from this study were illustrated and discussed in order to provide answers to two research questions pre-defined by the authors. In essence, this study identified emerging aspects and present trends in the area, addressed the main technological developments and evolution of Industry 4.0 and their impact for contemporary logistics, and finally pinpointed literature shortcomings and currently under-explored areas with a high potential for impactful future research. Findings of this review can hopefully be used as the basis for future research in the emerging Logistics 4.0 concept and related topics.
Security and Privacy Issues in Medical Internet of Things: Overview, Countermeasures, Challenges and Future Directions
Authors: Elhoseny Mohamed , Thilakarathne Navod Neranjan , Alghamdi Mohammed I. , Mahendran Rakesh Kumar , Gardezi Akber Abid , Weerasinghe Hesiri , Welhenge Anuradhi
Published: October 2021

The rapid development and the expansion of Internet of Things (IoT)-powered technologies have strengthened the way we live and the quality of our lives in many ways by combining Internet and communication technologies through its ubiquitous nature. As a novel technological paradigm, this IoT is being served in many application domains including healthcare, surveillance, manufacturing, industrial automation, smart homes, the military, etc. Medical Internet of Things (MIoT), or the use of IoT in healthcare, is becoming a booming trend towards improving the health and wellbeing of billions of people by offering smooth and seamless medical facilities and by enhancing the services provided by medical practitioners, nurses, pharmaceutical companies, and other related government and non-government organizations. In recent times, this MIoT has gained higher attention for its potential to alleviate the massive burden on global healthcare, which has been caused by the rise of chronic diseases, the aging population, and emergency situations such as the recent COVID-19 global pandemic, where many government and non-government medical resources were challenged, owing to the rising demand for medical resources. It is evident that with this recent growing demand for MIoT, the associated technologies and its interconnected, heterogeneous nature adds new concerns as it becomes accessible to confidential patient data, often without patient or the medical staff consciousness, as the security and privacy of MIoT devices and technologies are often overlooked and undermined by relevant stakeholders. Hence, the growing security breaches that target the MIoT in healthcare are making the security and privacy of Medical IoT a crucial topic that is worth scrutinizing. In this study, we examined the current state of security and privacy of the MIoT, which has become of utmost concern among many security experts and researchers due to its rapid demand in recent times. Nevertheless, pertaining to the current state of security and privacy, we also examine and discuss a number of attack use cases, countermeasures and solutions, recent challenges, and anticipated future directions where further attention is required through this study.
Current Status and Emerging Trends on the Adaptive Reuse of Buildings: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Owojori Oluwatobi , Okoro Chioma , Chileshe Nicholas
Published: October 2021

The emerging demand for sustainable development and the need for efficient use of resources across the built environment have stirred research efforts globally. The construction sector is often regarded as one of the major world consumers of resources, so many international establishments are trying to create a sustainable environment through adaptive reuse of existing building stocks, a concept which has been receiving momentous recognition by reason of its richly diversified applicability for circular economy. Thus, profound knowledge of the topic and research trends is requisite to promote scholarship. For this analysis, the global research developments in adaptive reuse are assessed according to published documents, co-authorship, geographical distribution and keyword- co-occurrences. From the Scopus directory, 227 journal articles published from 2006 to 2021 were retrieved. Results showed that from 2006, published documents rose by 221 articles. About 29% of the publications were from Italy and the United Kingdom. Among the articles, 110 were from the subject area of environmental science (48.5%), while the subject area of engineering represents 104 publications (45.8%). Recent progress in adaptive reuse in building and construction includes, but not limited to: (i) component and materials reuse and technology, (ii) life cycle assessment, (iii) economic assessment and multi-criteria decision making and (iv) regulatory policies and stakeholders’ analysis. The findings are important to furnish all relevant personnel in the academic and industries with a broad perception of the status and potential emerging trends on the adaptive reuse of buildings.
Sustainable Development of University EFL Learners’ Engagement, Satisfaction, and Self-Efficacy in Online Learning Environments: Chinese Experiences
Authors: Han Jiying , Geng Xiaohui , Wang Qinxiang
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the sustainable development of university EFL learners regarding their engagement, satisfaction, and self-efficacy in online learning environments during the outbreak of COVID-19. In a questionnaire survey with a sample of 428 Chinese undergraduate EFL learners, the students reported a favorable view of online learning environments and subjective learning outcomes. Behavioral engagement was positively related to involvement. Emotional engagement was positively related to student cohesiveness and negatively related to teacher support. Satisfaction was not related to any of the learning environment factors. Self-efficacy mediated the effect of student cohesiveness and student involvement on behavioral engagement, emotional engagement, and satisfaction. These results of the study have implications for creating a sustainable online learning environment and promoting EFL learners’ sustainable development.
ESG: Research Progress and Future Prospects
Authors: Li Ting-Ting , Wang Kai , Sueyoshi Toshiyuki , Wang Derek D.
Published: October 2021

The sustainable development of the global economy and society calls for the practice of the environmental, social and governance (ESG) principle. The ESG principle has been developed for 17 years following its formal proposal in 2004. Countries around the world continue to promote the coordinated development of the environment, society, and governance in accordance with the ESG principle. In order to review and summarize ESG research, this study takes the literature related to ESG research as the research object and presents the cooperation status, hot spots, and trends of ESG research with the help of the literature analysis tool CiteSpace. On the basis of quantitative analysis results, this study presents an examination and comprehensive summary of progress in the research into ESG combined with a systematic literature review. This includes the theoretical basis of ESG research, the interaction between the dimensions of ESG, the impact of ESG on the economic consequences, the risk prevention role of ESG, and ESG measurement. Based on the systematic summary of research progress, this paper further refines the characteristics of ESG research, reveals the shortcomings of ESG research, and propose a focus for ESG research in the future in order to provide a reference for academic research and the practice of ESG.
African Swine Fever Re-Emerging in Estonia: The Role of Seropositive Wild Boar from an Epidemiological Perspective
Authors: Schulz Katja , Schulz Jana , Staubach Christoph , Blome Sandra , Nurmoja Imbi , Conraths Franz J. , Sauter-Louis Carola , Viltrop Arvo
Published: October 2021

African swine fever (ASF) emerged in Estonia in 2014. From February 2019 to August 2020, no pigs or wild boar tested positive for ASF virus (ASFV), only ASFV-specific antibodies could be detected in shot wild boar. However, ASF recently re-emerged in wild boar. We tested three hypotheses that might explain the current situation: (i) ASFV may have been present throughout, but at a prevalence below the detection limit; (ii) seropositive wild boar may have remained infectious (i.e., virus-carriers) and kept the epidemic going; or (iii) ASF was gone for 1.5 years, but was recently re-introduced. Using Estonian surveillance data, the sensitivity of the surveillance system and the confidence in freedom from ASF were estimated. Furthermore, the detection probability was determined and cluster analyses were performed to investigate the role of serological positive wild boar. The results suggest that the surveillance system was not able to detect virus circulation at a design prevalence below 1%. With respect to the confidence in freedom from ASF, the results indicate that circulating virus should have been detected over time, if the prevalence was ≥2%. However, the decreasing wild boar population density and ongoing surveillance activities made ASFV circulation at a low prevalence unlikely. Cluster analyses provided no evidence for a significant accumulation of serologically positive wild boar in temporal connection to the re-emergence of ASFV. Further targeted research, such as long-term experimental studies and molecular epidemiology, is necessary to improve our knowledge on the epidemiology of ASF and to control the disease more effectively.
The LTER-Greece Environmental Observatory Network: Design and Initial Achievements
Authors: Skoulikidis Nikolaos Theodor , Nikolaidis Nikolaos Pavlos , Panagopoulos Andreas , Fischer-Kowalski Marina , Zogaris Stamatis , Petridis Panos , Pisinaras Vassilis , Efstathiou Dionissis , Petanidou Theodora , Maneas Giorgos , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos , Mimikou Maria
Published: October 2021

Five years after its establishment (2016), the LTER-Greece network outlines its vision, aims, objectives and its achievements through a series of case studies. The network consists of eight observatories, focusing on innovative research topics, aiming to be both cooperative and complementary, while currently being in the process of expanding. LTER-Greece acknowledges the complexity of ecosystems and the fact that effective management of natural resources may only be achieved by addressing every sector of a nexus system in order to understand inter-dependencies, thus accounting for solutions that promote resilience. Hence, LTER-Greece focuses on the holistic study of the water-environment-ecosystem-food-energy-society nexus, in order to face environmental and socio-ecological challenges at local and global scales, particularly climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, natural disasters and unsustainable water and land management. Framed around five research pillars, monitoring and research targets nine research hypotheses related to climate change, environmental management, socio-ecology and economics, biodiversity and environmental process dynamics. As environmental monitoring and related research and conservation in Greece face critical shortcomings, LTER-Greece envisages confronting these gaps and contributing with interdisciplinary solutions to the current and upcoming complex environmental challenges.
Social Influences on Flood Preparedness and Mitigation Measures Adopted by People Living with Flood Risk
Authors: Houston Donald , Ball Tom , Werritty Alan , Black Andrew R.
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to analyse evidence, based on one of the largest and most representative samples of households previously flooded or living with flood risk to date, of social patterns in a range of flood resilience traits relating to preparedness prior to a flood (e.g., property adaptations, contents insurance, etc.) and mitigations enacted during and immediately following a flood (e.g., receiving a warning, evacuation into temporary accommodation, etc.). The data were collected from a 2006 survey of 1223 households from a variety of locations across Scotland between one and twelve years after major local floods. Our analysis identifies remarkably few social differences in flood preparedness and mitigation measures, although some aspects of demography, housing and length of residence in an area, as well as personal flood history, are important. In light of this finding, we argue that social differences in vulnerability and resilience to flooding arise from deep-seated socio-economic and socio-spatial inequalities that affect exposure to flood risk and ability to recover from flood impacts. The engrained, but well-meaning, assumption in flood risk management that impoverished households and communities are lacking or deficient in flood preparedness or mitigation knowledge and capabilities is somewhat pejorative and misses fundamental, yet sometimes invisible, social stratifications play out in subtle but powerful ways to affect households’ and communities’ ability to avoid and recover from floods. We argue that general poverty and inequality alleviation measures, such as tax and welfare policy and urban and community regeneration schemes, are likely to be as, if not more, important in alleviating social inequalities in the long-term impacts of floods than social targeting of flood risk management policy.
EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY FOR STUDENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SPECIALTIES OF APPLIED MECHANICSDURING DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors:   Orel State University, GRYADUNOVA E.N. , GORINA M.A. ,   Orel State University, YAKOVLENKO O.V. ,   Orel State University, GRYADUNOVA M.A. ,   Orel State University
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of studying technical disciplines in the remote access mode by students of transport specialties. The advantages and disadvantages of the digital learn-ing format are considered. Fragments of practical work on applied mechanics in the Zoom pro-gram are presented. Recommendations are given for the intensification of the educational process in the remote education of students of transport specialties.
PRODUCTION RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE USE OF CHROME PLATING ELECTROLYTE IN THE CONDITIONS OF PRIDNESTROVIAN ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Moscow automobile and road state technical University, KOTOMCHIN A.N. , KORNEYCHUK N.I. ,   Pridnestrovian state university
Published: October 2021

The article provides scientifically based recommendations for the use of the developed cold self-regulating chromium-plating electrolyte in the restoration and strengthening of machine parts. These recommendations will help to effectively use the developed electrolyte and the stand-ard technological process of strengthening and restoring machine parts in production conditions, while eliminating defects and increased material costs when applying chrome coatings. They re-flect the features of performing operations that affect the level of reliability of the technological process (pre-machining, degreasing, electrochemical etching, etc.) and the deposition of high-quality chrome coatings with high adhesion strength.
STUDY OF THE ROUTE ALIGNMENT OF THE PASSENGER NETWORK IN THE BRYANSK TOWN
Authors:   Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology, SIVAKOV V.V. , TIKHOMIROV P.V. ,   Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology, KAMYNIN V.V. ,   Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology
Published: October 2021

The paper studies the passenger transport network of the Bryansk town and the prospects for its development. It gives the study of the route alignment of the urban passenger transport network and determines the degree of the alignment of existing routes. The paper proposes the optimization of a number of routes.
MOTION PLANNING OF SELF-DRIVING CARS ACCORDING TO LIMITS ON THE ROUTE
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, BULATOVA O.U.
Published: October 2021

The transfer of vehicle control to artificial intelligence can significantly reduce the number of road accidents. Currently, the vector of intelligent transport systems development is aimed at the introduction and distribution of highly automated vehicles. The main task of such vehicles is to move safely from the point of departure to the destination according to the traffic rules and the en-vironment. This article discusses planning issue of self-driving cars movement and the main limits on routes.
DESIGN OF TRAFFIC SCHEMES WITH A LIMIT OF THE NUMBER OF POINTS FOR LOT OF CARGO TRANSPORTATION FROM MULTIPLE BASES
Authors:   Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, PODSHIVALOVA K.S. , PODSHIVALOV S.F. ,   Branch of the Military Academy of Logistics, VDOVIKINA O.A. ,   Branch of the Military Academy of Logistics
Published: October 2021

The actual problem of choosing a rational scheme of movement from one and two bases when delivering cargo along circular routes with a limited number of unloading points is considered. The amount of cargo at the bases is not limited. The same quantity of goods is delivered to each point. The objective function is the minimum length of all routes. To solve the problem, an im-proved model of the method of fictitious nodes and branches has been developed, according to which the databases can be visited repeatedly. The fulfillment of restrictions on the number of vis-iting points is achieved by blocking branches with the maximum score on the decision tree. The proposed solution algorithm is demonstrated by a numerical example for three circular routes with three points in each.
Cognitive coping strategies and aggression in adolescents
Authors: Larionov Pavel , Mudło-Głagolska Karolina
Published: October 2021

The analysis of psychological factors associated with aggressive behavior of adolescents is an important area of research of a scientific and practical nature. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and physical aggression, anger and hostility in Polish and Ukrainian adolescents. The study involved 70 Polish and 63 Ukrainian teenagers aged 11 to 15 years. The research tools used in the study included the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire. It was found that primarily maladaptive strategies were strongly associated with hostility and to a somewhat lesser extent with anger. Within their cultures, boys and girls hardly differed in the results of the studied variables, which may indicate that gender does not differentiate the level of aggression and the frequency of use of cognitive coping strategies. On the basis of the obtained results it may be concluded that the main focus of preventive measures should be the development of effective coping skills aimed primarily at reducing the use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies such as self-blame, catastrophizing, rumination and blaming others.
Marital communication and coping with stress among parents of children with ASD during the SARS CoV 2 pandemic
Authors: Gagat-Matuła Anna
Published: October 2021

The article presents the correlation between marital communication and the coping styles of parents of a child with ASD during the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. The study involved 46 married mothers and 34 married fathers raising children with autism spectrum disorders. The following tools were used: The Marital Communication Questionnaire (KKM) by M. Plopa and M. Kazmierczak and the Polish version of the CISS Coping Questionnaire by Endler and Park.                The results of the research showed that respondents more often prefer constructive coping with stress using the task focused style (SSZ) if a spouse assesses both themselves and their spouse as more supportive and engaged in communication and less depreciation. The respondents more often prefer non-constructive coping with stress using and the emotion-focused style (SSE) or the avoidance-focused style (SSU), if the spouse assesses both themselves and their spouse as depressed. The greater the difference between their own assessment and the assessment of their spouse in supportive communication, the more often the respondents prefer the style focused on emotions (SSE) and the style focused on avoidance (SSU). Moreover, the greater the difference between self-assessment and that of the spouse in depreciation communication, the less often the task-focused style (SSZ) was preferred. The results are statistically significant.
Ethical and Legal Aspects of Using the Abortion Pill RU-486 in Italy in the Years 2020-2021
Authors: Kobyliński Andrzej
Published: October 2021

In some countries, one of the most difficult bioethical challenges of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has been a sharp rise in the number of chemical abortions performed in hospitals, outpatient clinics, or at home. Limited access to medical services at public and private healthcare facilities and the development of telemedicine have resulted in the practice of chemical abortion having largely moved from hospitals and clinics to the home. Chemical abortion is a method used only in the early stages of pregnancy, i.e. up to 7-9 weeks. The first stage of abortion involves taking RU-486, a pill containing a preparation called Mifepristone which kills the newly conceived life in the mother’s womb. The second stage of chemical abortion involves the use of a preparation called Misoprostol, which leads to the expulsion of the dead embryo from the woman’s body.

The main goal of the article is to analyze the ethical and legal dispute in Italy in the years 2020 and 2021 concerning new ways of using the abortion pill RU-486. In August 2020, the Italian Ministry of Health decided that chemical abortion – performed using the medical preparation RU-486 – should not be practiced at hospital gynecological and obstetric wards, but in day hospitals, without the requirement of hospitalization for women performing such abortions. Analyses carried out in the article show that chemical abortion not only kills the life of a human embryo, but in some cases may also be dangerous to the life and health of the mother. The liberalization of chemical abortion in Italy has led to an increase in the number of unborn children who are aborted, as it facilitates access to this type of abortion and makes it a procedure that is largely self-administered at home. The Italian dispute over home abortion and the RU-486 pill is linked to other serious bioethical debates that are currently taking place in many countries around the world
Burnout syndrome and empathy and altruism level among nurses - the preliminary study.
Authors: Tylec Aneta , Kot Emilia , Kostecka Barbara , Kiełczewska Cecylia , Kania Agnieszka , Siejko Krzysztof , Kucharska Katarzyna
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to verify the level of burnout severity in nursing staff working in various health care sectors that were not dedicated to providing health services to people with COVID-19 infection. The relationship between the level of empathy, altruism and depression and the intensity of individual burnout indicators was also analyzed. professional among the respondents.

The study covered a total of 178 people - staff employed in psychiatric care (64 people) and in other health care sectors (114 people). The study participants completed five questionnaires: a sociodemographic and four clinical tests: Christina Maslach's Burnout Questionnaire, Beck Depression Scale, Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale, and Altruistic Attitudes Questionnaire. Using clinical tests, the following were assessed: the general index of occupational burnout and its three dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and job satisfaction), the level of depression, altruism and emotional empathy. Nursing staff employed in psychiatric care was characterized by lower levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, as well as professional satisfaction and altruism compared to the average medical staff employed in health care sectors other than psychiatric. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the severity of depression and the level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and general occupational burnout index in both study groups (psychiatric versus non-psychiatric nursing staff). Nursing staff representatives working in psychiatric health care units are characterized by a lower level of occupational burnout, altruism and job satisfaction than in the case of people employed in other medical sectors. A higher level of occupational burnout is associated with a greater intensity of depressive symptoms. Differences in the levels of individual dimensions of occupational burnout and altruism may result from the specificity of work in various medical sectors. It should be emphasized that the chronicity, recurrence of mental illnesses, the higher rate of rehospitalisation of patients with mental disorders or the delayed effect of the therapeutic process.
PENAMBAHAN KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (Zingiber Officenale Rocs) TERHADAP UJI ORGANOLEPTIK KELAPA DALAM
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Masriani Masriani , Salsabila Sovia
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Addition of Concentration of Red Ginger Extract to Inner Elapa Oil Organoleptic Test (Cocos Nucifera L), this study aims to determine the response to organoleptic tests in several samples of coconut oil added with red ginger extract. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of 6 levels of treatment for each treatment combination repeated 3 times so that there are 18 samples. The results showed that the addition of 175 ml ginger extract gave a good response to the organoleptic color, aroma and taste of deep coconut oil (VCO) Key words  : Organoleptic Test, Red GingerABSTRAK Penambahan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Jahe Merah Terhadap Uji Organoleptik minyak kelapa Dalam (Cocos Nucifera L), penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons terhadap uji organoleptik pada beberapa sampel minyak kelapa yang di tambahakan dengan ekstrak jahe merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), yang terdiri dari 6 taraf perlakuan setiap kombinasi perlakuan di ulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 18 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan esktrak jahe 175 ml memberikan respons yang baik  terhadap organoleptik warna,aroma dan cita rasa minyak kelapa dalam (VCO) Kata Kunci  :  Uji Organoleptik, Jahe merah
PERAMALAN TREND KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN DIKAWASAN KONSERVASI MANGROVE BEKANTAN (KKMB) DI KOTA TARAKAN
Authors: Rahajeng Galih Yogi , Arni Arni
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis in Tarakan City was built to preserve mangrove ecosystems and wildlife in its development and alternative ecotourism destinations. Based on the potential of Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis in Tarakan City, therefore this study aims to predict the trend of tourist visits in Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis in Tarakan City so that it can become the foundation for the development of Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis inTarakan City in the future. In this study using respondents as many as 100 respondents who were Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis in Tarakan City visitors. The sampling used method was accedential sampling and quota sampling. The result shown than visitors of Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis inTarakan from 2018-2022 estimated to reach 164,888,5 visitors. The average decrease in visits per year is 978 people. Because of the facilities in the Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis in Tarakan City are inadequate, such as wooden bridge that begin to be damaged and slippery when it rains, lack of place to sit, cleanliness that has not been maintained, unsanitary toilets, and lack of parking areas, and reduced proboscis monkey. If there is no renovation and repair of facilities, visitors tend not to choose the Conservation Area for Mangrove and Proboscis in Tarakan City as an alternative tourist attractions. Keywords: Conservation of mangrove, Ecotourism, Trend Analysis. ABSTRAK Kawasan Konservasi Mangrove dan Bekantan Kota Tarakan (KKMB) dibangun dan memiliki tujuan sebagai pengembangan satwa liar dan ekowisata alternatif. Berdasarkan potensi yang ada, oleh karena itu maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meramalkan trend kunjungan wisatawan di KKMB agar dapat menjadi landasan dalam pengembangan KKMB di masa depan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 100 responden yang merupakan pengunjung KKMB. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah pengambilan sampel akedensial dan kuota. Hasil Penelitian memperlihatkan pengunjung KKMB di Kota Tarakan dari 2018-2022 diperkirakan mencapai 164.888,5 orang. Penurunan rata-rata kunjungan per tahun adalah 978 orang. Karena fasilitas di Kawasan Konservasi Mangrove dan Bekantan Kota Tarakan  tidak memadai, seperti jembatan kayu yang mulai rusak dan licin saat hujan, kurangnya tempat duduk, kebersihan yang belum dijaga, toilet yang tidak bersih, dan kurangnya area parkir, dan  berkurangnya populasi bekantan. Jika tidak ada renovasi dan perbaikan fasilitas, pengunjung cenderung tidak memilih Kawasan Konservasi Mangrove Bekantan di Kota Tarakan sebagai tempat wisata alternatif. Kata kunci: Konservasi mangrove, Ekowisata, Analisis Trend.
TINGKAT KESUKAAN PANELIS TERHADAP BROWNIES KUKUS PADA BERBAGAI FORMULASI TEPUNG AMPAS KELAPA
Authors: Masriani Masriani , Fatima Siti
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTCoconut pulp as a by-product of cooking oil processing can be further processed into coconut flour which is richin fiber so that it can be substituted in the processing of various food products. This study aims to find out thelevelof panelists preference for steamed brownies in various coconut pulp flour formulations. This study uses acompletely randomized design (CRD), with 5 treatments. Each treatment contained 3 replications so that the totaltreatment was 15 treatments. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the results of organoleptictesting of coconut pulp and 55%: 50% flour formulation formulations are still preferred by panelists. The valueof the color preference level is (4.82), aroma (4.76), taste (4.87), texture (4.71).Keywords: Coconut pulp flour, steamed browniesABSTRAKAmpas kelapa sebagai hasil samping pengolahan minyak goreng dapat diolah lebih lanjut menjadi tepung kelapayang kaya kandungan serat sehingga dapat disubtitusi pada pengolahan berbagai produk pangan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap brownies kukus pada berbagai formulasi tepungampas kelapa . Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 5 perlakuan. Setiapperlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 ulangan sehingga total perlakuan adalah 15 perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitiandapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengujian organoleptik formulasi tepung ampas kelapa dan tepung terigu 55% :50% masih disukai oleh panelis. Nilai tingkat kesukaan warna yaitu (4.82), aroma (4.76), rasa (4.87), tekstur(4.71).Kata kunci: Tepung ampas kelapa, brownies kukus