bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Does Information Processing Efficiency Relate to Investment Efficiency? Evidence from XBRL Adoption
Authors: Cheng Xin , Huang Feiqi , Palmon Dan , Yin Cheng
Published: February 2020

This study investigates whether information processing efficiency has an impact on public companies' investment efficiency. Using the adoption of XBRL as an exogenous shock that decreases information processing cost, we find that companies improve their investment efficiency after the adoption of XBRL. The effect is more pronounced for (1) firms that have inferior external monitoring, (2) firms that operate in more uncertain information environments, and (3) firms that have less readable financial reporting. In addition, we find a learning curve in investors' understanding of XBRL over time. After splitting firms into over-investment and under-investment groups, we conclude that the XBRL mandate is more likely to curb managers' opportunistic over-investments. Our study extends the XBRL literature by providing empirical evidence on the effects of XBRL adoption from the perspective of managers.

Data Availability: Contact the corresponding author at yincheng@sem.tsinghua.edu.cn.
An Improved Direct Injection Technique With Flowable Composites. A Digital Workflow Case Report
Authors: Coachman C , De Arbeloa L , Mahn G , Sulaiman TA , Mahn E
Published: February 2020

This article presents a clinical technique based on a case report for restoring the contours and shape of the upper teeth involved in the smile display of a young patient. After planning the treatment for the patient using digital tools (Digital pictures, Digital Smile Design, digital waxup, three-dimensional [3D] printed models, mockup), the upper teeth were restored using an improved injection technique. This improved technique involves the direct injection of flowable composite resin using clear polyvinyl siloxane molds made from 3D-printed models of the patient. The details and benefits of this new technique are described in the article.
Fracture Resistance and Failure Mode of Custom-made Post-and-cores of Polyetheretherketone and Nano-ceramic Composite
Authors: Teixeira KN , Duque TM , Maia HP , Gonçalves TMSV
Published: February 2020

Clinical Relevance

Custom-made post-and-cores of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and nano-ceramic composite showed good fracture resistance and failure mode. Clinicians should be aware that these materials might be an efficient alternative for post-and-cores, because they promote esthetics while reducing the risk of root fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance and failure mode of custom-made post-and-cores manufactured with different esthetic materials.

Methods and Materials: A total of 48 mandibular premolar extracted teeth were selected, endodontically treated, and prepared to receive the posts. Specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n=12/group): group 1, polyetheretherketone (PEEK, Degos; G1); group 2, nano-ceramic composite (Lava Ultimate, 3M ESPE; G2); group 3, cast metal post (NiCr alloy, control; G3); group 4, fiberglass post (Whitepost, FGM, control; G4) customized with a nano-hybrid resin composite (Z250, 3M ESPE). Experimental post-and-cores (G1 and G2) were manufactured with a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system. All posts were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Rely X U200, 3M ESPE), and specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 60 days. A universal testing machine was used to measure the fracture resistance (0.5 mm/min at an angle of 45° to the long axis of the tooth). Fractures were classified as repairable or catastrophic. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc and χ2 tests for independence and Bonferroni adjustments were applied (α=0.05).

Results: The fracture resistance values (mean ± SD, in newtons) were 379.4 ± 119.8 (G1), 506.4 ± 138 (G2), 939.6 ± 146.5 (G3), and 449.6 ± 66.5 (G4). Only G3 exhibited a significant difference (p<0.05). The χ2 test showed an association between failure mode and post-and-core material [χ2(3) = 23.65; p<0.001]. After Bonferroni adjustment, only G3 presented a higher than expected incidence of catastrophic failures (p<0.001). In the remaining groups, most failures were repairable and related to debonding.

Conclusions: Customized post-and-cores of PEEK and nano-ceramic composites exhibited good mechanical performance. Their fracture resistance was comparable to that observed for fiberglass customized posts, yet lower than that for cast metal posts. For PEEK post-and-cores, in particular, additional studies are needed to improve adhesiveness and reduce the risk of debonding.
Effect of Shortened Light-Curing Modes on Bulk-Fill Resin Composites
Authors: Sampaio CS , Pizarro PG , Atria PJ , Hirata R , Giannini M , Mahn E
Published: February 2020

Clinical Relevance

Shortened light curing does not affect volumetric polymerization shrinkage or cohesive tensile strength but negatively affects the shear bond strength of some bulk-fill resin composites. When performing shortened light curing, clinicians should be aware of the light output of their light-curing units.

Purpose: To evaluate volumetric polymerization shrinkage (VPS), shear bond strength (SBS) to dentin, and cohesive tensile strength (CTS) of bulk-fill resin composites (BFRCs) light activated by different modes.

Methods and Materials: Six groups were evaluated: Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill + high mode (10 seconds; TEC H10), Tetric EvoFlow bulk fill + high mode (TEF H10), experimental bulk fill + high mode (TEE H10), Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill + turbo mode (five seconds; TEC T5), Tetric EvoFlow bulk fill + turbo mode (TEF T5), and experimental bulk fill + turbo mode (TEE T5). Bluephase Style 20i and Adhese Universal Vivapen were used for all groups. All BFRC samples were built up on human molar bur-prepared occlusal cavities. VPS% and location were evaluated through micro–computed tomography. SBS and CTS tests were performed 24 hours after storage or after 5000 thermal cycles; fracture mode was analyzed for SBS.

Results: Both TEC H10 and TEE H10 presented lower VPS% than TEF H10. However, no significant differences were observed with the turbo-curing mode. No differences were observed for the same BFRC within curing modes. Occlusal shrinkage was mostly observed. Regarding SBS, thermal cycling (TC) affected all groups. Without TC, all groups showed higher SBS values for high mode than turbo mode, while with TC, only TEC showed decreased SBS from high mode to turbo modes; modes of fracture were predominantly adhesive. For CTS, TC affected all groups except TEE H10. In general, no differences were observed between groups when comparing the curing modes.

Conclusions: Increased light output with a shortened curing time did not jeopardize the VPS and SBS properties of the BFRCs, although a decreased SBS was observed in some groups. TEE generally showed similar or improved values for the tested properties in a shortened light-curing time. The VPS was mostly affected by the materials tested, whereas the SBS was affected by the materials, curing modes, and TC. The CTS was not affected by the curing modes.
DETERMINATION OF CELL TYPE AND HAEMOCYTE MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA FRESHWATER CRAYFISH (Cherax cainii) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES IN VITRO
Authors: Prastowo Bambang Widyo , Lareu Ricky , Caccetta Rima , Fotedar Ravi
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify and morphologically characterize the hemocyte cell types of freshwater crayfish, Cherax cainii. In addition to morphological observations using a light microscope (LM) and electron transmission microscope (TEM), a flow cytometer (FCM) is also used. Three main types of haemocyte of C. cainii were identified by LM, TEM, and FCM. Determination of haemocyte by LM based on the number, size of cytoplasmic granules and the ratio of N:C. These cells are Hyaline (HC), Small Granule (SGC), and Large Granule (LGC) cells. Three types of haemocyte were also observed by TEM based on cell and nucleus size, granule diameter, number of cytoplasmic granules per cell and N:C. Haemocyte population was successfully detected with FCM based on forward scatter (FSC) signals, versus side scattering signals/side scatter (SSC), with plot data via scatter parameter gating. Three cluster formations were observed, which were temporarily classified as SGC, LGC, and HC regions. Morphometric analysis was performed with TEM on C. cainii haemocyte to measure various cellular features. Some morphological features vary between types of haemocyte and are also affected by temperature. Total hemocyte count (THC) and differential hemocyte count (DHC) are calculated using FCM. THC increases with higher temperatures, from 1,9 x 106 /ml at 20 °C to 4.9 x 106 /ml at 30 °C.  The most abundant hemocyte at all temperatures is HC, followed by SGC and LGC.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENGADUK DAN PEMBUAT PUPUK CAIR LIMBAH KELAPA SAWIT DAN NANAS OTOMATIS DENGAN METODE AEROB, SEMI AEROB, ANAEROB
Authors: Telaumbanua Mareli , Dermiyati Dermiyati , Suharjo Radix
Published: February 2020

Di Indonesia, Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan rimpang nanas banyak melimpah sebagai hasil samping dari agroindustri nanas dan kelapa sawit. Meskipun limbah agroindustri ini merupakan sumber bahan organik berupa biomasa tropika yang memiliki potensi sebagai pupuk organik namun juga memiliki kendala dalam proses dekomposisinya karena belum tersedia starter (mikroba pengurai) yang sesuai sehingga dapat mengakibatkan permasalahan lingkungan. Tandan kosong kelapa sawit yang dibiarkan begitu saja dapat menjadi sumber hama dan penyakit bagi tanaman kelapa sawit. Demikian juga, rimpang nanas yang tumbuh liar dan menghasilkan tunas baru menjadi sulit untuk dikendalikan dan dapat mengganggu pertanaman nanas untuk produksi.Sejauh ini belum ada penelitian tentang potensi Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) yang berasal dari tankos sawit dan rimpang nanas sebagai pupuk hayati yang mengandung unsur mikro-makro dan vitamin yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman, serta starter (mikroba pengurai), zat pengatur tumbuh dan inhibitor untuk mengatasi permasalahan limbah tankos sawit dan rimpang nanas. Agar pengolahan limbah untuk mendapatkan pupuk hayati dapat maksimal, dapat menggunakan sistem pengolah limbah otomatis yang mampu melakukan variasi metode dalam pengolahannyaSarana yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan pupuk hayati di atas adalah dengan memanfaatkan rancangan sistem yang mampu mengolah limbah hayati dengan tiga metode yaitu aerob, anaerob dan semi aerob secara otomatis dan lebih presisi. Alat ini mampu melakukan pengadukan secara otomatis selama proses dekomposisi bahan organik di dalamnya. Alat ini juga dilengkapi dengan sensor suhu yang mampu memperdiksi tinggi rendahnya proses dekomposisi bahan organik di dalam tangki. Melalui alat ini dapat diperolehnya pupuk cair terbaik dengan proses pengolahan yang lebih bervariasi.
Kajian Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Tepung Salak Sidimpuan (Salacca sumatrana)
Authors: Ifmalinda Ifmalinda , Andasuryani Andasuryani , Lubis Husein
Published: February 2020

Zalacca Sidimpuan (Salacca sumatrana) is one of the salak fruit found in Indonesia. The characteristics of this type of zalacca have a distinctive shape, aroma and taste. During the harvest and overproduction, one of the efforts that can be done is to diversify food processing, namely retention. The handling in the process of shading will have an impact on the physicochemical properties of the resulting flour One of them is by giving immersion treatment and slice thickness variation. The purpose of this study was to examine the physicochemical characteristics of zalacca flour. The process of this research includes stripping the skin, separating fruit flesh with seeds, slicing with thickness (2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm) and soaking with sodium metabisulfite concentration of 1.5 gr for 10 minutes, soaking with water and control (without soaking). The results showed that zalacca had a moisture content of 78%. Zalacca flour which has the highest water content of 11.945% in the control treatment (without immersion) 6 mm slice thickness. Salak flour which has the highest vitamin C level of 0.0585% in the control treatment (without soaking) the slice thickness is 2 mm. Zalacca flour has the highest percentage of fineness of flour 27,745% in the control treatment (without soaking) slice thickness of 2 mm. Zalacca flour which has the highest bulk density of 0.701 gr / ml on the soaking treatment of sodium metabisulfite slices thickness of 4 mm. Zalacca flour which has the highest hue of 57.9 ° on the treatment of soaking sodium metabisulfite slices thickness of 2 mm.
KARAKTERISTIK MUTU EKSTRAK TEH PUTIH (Camellia sinensis) HASIL METODE MASERASI BERTINGKAT DENGAN PELARUT n-HEKSANA, ASETON 70% DAN ETANOL 96%
Authors: Widyasanti Asri , Maulfida Dinda Nuraini , Rohdiana Dadan
Published: February 2020

Teh putih merupakan salah satu jenis teh yang memiliki manfaat yang besar bagi kesehatan karena mengandung polifenol paling tinggi diantara jenis teh lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik mutu ekstrak teh putih serta mengetahui nilai kandungan polifenolnya dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi maserasi bertingkat. Pada proses ekstraksi, bubuk teh putih dicampurkan dengan tiga jenis pelarut yang memiliki tingkat kepolaran yang berbeda secara berturut-turut yaitu, n-heksana (non polar), aseton 70% (semi polar) dan etanol 96% (polar). Parameter yang diuji meliputi identifikasi bahan baku (kadar air, kadar abu serta kadar serat) dan mutu ekstrak (rendemen parsial, rendemen total, kadar sisa pelarut, warna, bobot jenis dan kadar polifenol). Hasil penelitian menyatakan pada pengujian identifikasi bahan baku sudah memenuhi RSNI 2014. Perbedaan jenis pelarut yang digunakan mempengaruhi nilai mutu ekstrak teh putih yang dihasilkan. Nilai polifenol tertinggi dihasilkan dari pelarut etanol 96% sebesar 17,551% sudah memenuhi RSNI 2014, sedangkan untuk pelarut n-heksana sebesar 5,704% dan pelarut aseton 70% sebesar 8,516% belum memenuhi RSNI 2014. Warna dari ketiga ekstrak berada pada kromatisitas kuning, merah dan kuning kemerahan.
Millennials Housing Preferences Model in Jakarta
Authors: Mulyano Yunilson , Rahadi Raden Aswin , Amaliah Urfi
Published: February 2020

This paper will discuss the housing preferences among Millennials in Jakarta. The approach used is by analyzing twenty papers related to housing preferences, making synthesis from collected paper, and producing critical view for each related papers. The objective of this research is to find the reasons for the Millennial Generation when purchasing a house. This paper found that housing preferences for Millennials divided into several indicators, such: location, accessibility, price, physical attributes, facilities, design, and aesthetic aspects, developer reputation, and land ownership. All of these indicators will determine the choices of Millennials in buying houses, especially the character of the house, which landed a house or vertical house. This limitation of this research is that this research only studies about preferences on millennials generation who lived in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. The findings of this study will be useful for the stakeholders, real estate developers, and consumers. The government could use this study to produce regulations regarding housing in Jakarta, while real estate developers could enhance their preferences when developing real estate targeted to Millennial’s market segment.
PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN EDMODO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI AKTIVITAS INTELEKTUAL PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN
Authors: Ayuningtyas Vinanda U’un
Published: February 2020

Edmodo merupakan media pembelajaran yang berbasis internet, yang diwajibkan untuk Mahasisw di dalam kelas maupun diluar kelas untuk mendukung proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui  hasil belajar mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Elektro Universitas PGRI Madiun khususnya untuk Mahasiswa semester 3 (tiga), 2) memperbaiki aktivitas intelektual dalam bidang IT mahasiswa yang belum digunakan secara efektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan bentuk kuasi eksperimen. Pre test dilakukan diawal penelitian dan Post test dilakukan diakhir penelitian baik terhadap kelas eksperimen maupun kontrol. Berdasarkan tabel diatas skor N-Gain kelas kontrol yang belum menggunakan media pembelajaran kategori rendah , sedangkan kelas eksperimen yang mendapatkan perlakuan menggunakan media pembelajaran Edmodo termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi media pembelajaran Edmodo dapat memotivasi aktifitas intelektual sehingga mahasiswa tertarik dan ingin terus belajar dengan dibuktikan hasil belajar meningkat. Kesimpulan tersebut dapat menjadi pertimbangan dalam guru menggunakan media pembelajaran dan melaksanakan proses kegiatan belajar mengajar di dalam kelas.
MEWUJUDKAN TUJUAN PENDIRIAN AKADEMI KOMUNITAS MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING
Authors: Nabawi Rahmat Azis , Jalinus Nizwardi , Syahril Syahril
Published: February 2020

Akademi komunitas merupakan bentuk Pendidikan vokasional baru yang ada di Indonesia. Basis pendirian dari Akademi komunitas ini adalah keunggulan lokal atau memenuhi kebutuhan khusus, hal ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan potensi yang ada didaerah. Untuk mewujudkan tujuan dari pendirian Akademi Komunitas ini, maka perlunya suatu inovasi pada kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu dengan memilih model pembelajaran yang dapat mewujudkan tujuan dari pendirian Akademi Komunitas tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pembelajaran Praktek Las di Akademi Komunitas dengan penerapan model project based learning dalam mewujudkan tujuan pendiriannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Data penelitian diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari penerapan model project based learning pada mata kuliah praktek las yang telah dilakukan mahasiswa mampu mengidentifikasi potensi, tantangan atau masalah yang ada didaerah sekitaran Akademi Komunitas. Hasil indetifikasi dan diskusi tentang potensi daerah yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa adalah pada bidang pertanian dan masalahnya alat pertanian yang dimiliki oleh petani masih konvesional. Berdasarkan hal ini mahasiswa membuat tugas proyek berupa alat pertanian sederhana. Produk hasil tugas proyek mahasiswa ini berpotensi untuk mengembangkan potensi daerah dan memecahkan masalah yang berkembang dimasyarakat.
STUDI PENYEBARAN KONTAMINAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (PB) DAN MERKURI (HG) DARI AIR LINDI TERHADAP AIR SUNGAI (STUDI KASUS TPA REGIONAL KOTA SOLOK)
Authors: Pratiwi Dian , Aida Eka Rahmatul
Published: February 2020

Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Sampah (TPA) merupakan tempat untuk menampung pembuangan sampah dari berbagai lokasi, yang biasa cakupannya adalah satu kota. Penyingkiran dan pemusnahan sampah ke dalam tanah merupakan cara yang selalu digunakan, karena biaya relatif murah, pengoperasiannya mudah dan luwes dalam menerima limbah. Setiap TPA memiliki karakteristik air lindi yang berbeda tergantung dari proses yang terjadi di dalam landfill, yang meliputi proses fisika, kimia dan biologis. Umumnya lindi mengandung Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biology Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total dissolved solids (TDS), total organic carbont (TOC), senyawa nitrogen nitrogen dan berbagai jenis logam berat yang tinggi. Parameter pencemar yang di tinjau pada penelitian ini adalah timbal (Pb) dan Mercury (Hg). Untuk mengetahui penyebaran kontaminan, pada penelitian dilakukan permodelan matematis timbal (Pb) dan Mercury (Hg) dengan munggunakan model analitik 1-dimensi dan 2 dimensi berdasarkan persamaan adveksi dan dispersi pada air tanah dan air permukaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sungai sawah lansek yang merupakan badan air tempat mengalirnya lindi dari TPA regional kota solok. Konsentrasi timbal (Pb) dan Mercury (Hg) diukur pada 3 titik, dari hasil pengukuran tersebut diketahui bahwa sawah lansek memang tercemar oleh lindih TPA yang dilihat dari konsentrasi timbal (Pb) dan Mercury (Hg) yang sudah melebihi baku mutu. Simulasi dari timbal (Pb) dan Mercury (Hg) menunjukkan semakin lama waktu (t), input polutan yang konstan membuat beban kontaminan semakin besar. Akibatnya konsentrasi kontaminan pada t yang lebih besar akan mengalami penurunan yang lebih jauh. Hasil simulasi konsentrasi timbal  (Pb) dan merkuri (Hg) telah mencapai jarak ± 100 Meter dari TPA kontaminan terus menyebar seiring bertambahnya umur TPA, kontaminan timbal  (Pb) dan mercury (Hg) telah mencapai sungai Batang Lembang yang berjarak ± 2500 Meter dari TPA, dan mengalami penurunan pada jarak yang lebih jauh.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Bencana di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Elmawati Elmawati , Wedyawati Veni
Published: February 2020

Disasters not we can know quickly because of the damage going on that trouble getting precise information. Badan  Penanggulangan  Bencana Daerah Kabupaten  Padang  Pariaman often difficulty in process data disaster that is because there is no system quickly in process the data. With the information systems that web-based this can provide disaster victim management a quick and exact in convey information about disasters that happened to the areas Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. This system will be made in use of language programming PHP that is a programming language is open source.
Enhancement the Efficiency of Solar PV by Increasing Rate of Heat Transfer
Authors: Khatri Anil , Tenguria Prof. Nitin
Published: February 2020

As the future progresses, many companies and industries are striving to achieve a “greener” approach to energy production by using solar energy. Solar panels that use PV cells (semiconductor devices used to convert light into electrical energy) are popular for converting solar power into electricity. One of the problems in using PV cells to extract energy from sunlight is the temperature effect on PV cells. As the solar panel is heated, the conversion efficiency of light to electrical energy is diminished. Because solar panels can be expensive, it is important to be able to extract as much energy as possible. The proposes cooling methods for the panel in order to achieve optimum efficiency. To achieve this, various cooling methods have been proposed. A bare solar panel with no air velocity was used as a base model. This was tested and compared to bare solar panels cooled by heat sinks, in the form of extended surfaces such as plate fins that can be mounted on the back surface of solar panels. Results showed that the heat sinks were only marginally effective; they resulted in a steady-state temperature of only a few degrees less than a solar panel without a heat sink. Due to these results, it is proposed that pump cooling would be far more beneficial. With the correctly sized pump, the temperature can be made to closely match any desired value.
REVIEW: Quandry over contrasting ethics texts
Authors: Pearson Mark
Published: February 2020

Review of Journalism Ethics: Arguments and Cases, by Martin Hirst and Roger Patching"I have sought advice from both texts on this kind of delimma: journalists allowing personal allegiances to influence them in the course of their duty. Richard points to the flaws in Australian MEAA Code of Ethics' clause 4 which stipulates journalists should not allow 'personal interest or any belief, commitment, payment, gift or benefit; to undermine their accuracy, fairness or independence..Hirst and Patching make much of an 'ethical fault line' metaphore throughout their text and refer to objectvity as 'one of the most volatile fault lines in the ideology of reports..."
REVIEW: Campaigning with passion for an 'arsenal for democracy'
Authors: Robie David
Published: February 2020

Review of Media Ethics and Accountability Systems, by Claude-Jean Bertrand and An Arsenal for Democracy: Media Accountability Systems, by Claude-Jean BertrandThese two companion volumes by  Claude-Jean Bertrand, professor emeritus of the French Press Institute at the University of Paris-2—and a predecessor of mine as Australian Press Council fellow (1996)—provide a thoughtful and stimulating insight into the public accountability of journalists and state of media credibility.
A dozen Danish cartoons and the wrath of the Muslim world
Authors: Cass Philip
Published: February 2020

How do we understand the outrage in the Muslim world against the 12 cartoons published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten? And can we move on from anger and misunderstanding? Is there room for dialogue? It is now several weeks since the Muslim world exploded with anger at a series of cartoons originally published in Jyllands- Posten. The cartoons variously depicted the Prophet Mohammed as a terrorist and murderer, the best known of which shows him wearing a bomb as a turban. The cartoons were later re-published in a Norwegian evangelical newsletter. After they were first published a group of Danish imams approached the Danish courts, but were advised that there were no legal grounds for seeking redress. Subsequently, the imams traveled to the Middle East, taking with them a pamphlet in which they reproduced the newspaper cartoons, but added three more images which had been circulating on the internet and elsewhere. These images were entirely unrelated to the newspaper cartoons.
Brzoza w lecznictwie ludowym
Authors: GRUSZECKI ROBERT , NIKOŃCZUK IZABELA , ZAWIŚLAK GRAŻYNA , WALASEK-JANUSZ MAGDALENA
Published: February 2020

Surowce zielarskie brzozy są łatwo dostępne ze względu na powszechne jej występowanie. Roślina ta dostarcza wielu różnych surowców stosowanych zarówno w ziołolecznictwie ludowym, jak i we współczesnej fitoterapii. W tradycyjnych społecznościach surowce te wykorzystywano jednak w znacznie szerszym zakresie. Celem pracy było przedstawienie wykorzystania surowców zielarskich z brzozy w lecznictwie tradycyjnym jako podstawy do dalszych badań nad właściwościami leczniczymi tej rośliny. W pracy analizowano wykorzystanie dwu gatunków: brzozy brodawkowatej (Betula pendula Roth.) i brzozy omszonej (Betula pubescens Ehrh.), gdyż to z nich najczęściej pozyskuje się surowce zielarskie w Polsce. Surowce te w tradycyjnej medycynie ludowej wielu krajów świata stosowano w stanie świeżym i wysuszonym, w formie naparów, wywarów, ekstraktów alkoholowych i wodnych. W tradycyjnych społecznościach surowce brzozy znalazły zastosowanie w leczeniu bardzo wielu schorzeń, spośród których najczęściej wymieniano choroby układu moczowego, reumatyzm, schorzenia dermatologiczne, kardiologiczne, choroby przewodu pokarmowego, osłabienia, przeziębienia. Surowce te wykorzystywano nawet w leczeniu chorób zakaźnych (czerwonka, tyfus, gruźlica) i nowotworowych.
Molecular Models in Chemistry Education at University and Upper Secondary School - Structure of Amides
Authors: Kolář Karel , Doležal Rafael , Karásková Natálie , Maltsevskaya Nadezhda V. , Křížková Šárka
Published: February 2020

Molecular models derived from results of quantum-chemical calculations present an important category of didactic instruments in chemistry education in upper secondary school and, particularly, at university. These models can be used especially as tools for supporting the students’ understanding by visual learning, which can adequately address complexity of many chemical topics, incorporate appropriate didactic principles, as well as utilize the benefits brought up by the actual information technology. The proposed molecular models are non-trivial examples of didactic application of computational chemistry techniques in illustration of electron interactions in amidic group, namely the interaction of the free electron pair on the nitrogen atom with the carbonyl group and also the interaction of atoms in the amide group with other surrounding atoms in the molecule. By these molecular models it is possible to explain acid-base properties of amides applying knowledge of electron density distribution in the molecules and the resulting electrostatic potential. Presentation of the structure and properties of the amides within education is important also for the reason that amidic functions are involved in many important natural substances (e.g. proteins, peptides, nucleic acids or alkaloids), synthetic macromolecular substances (e.g. Silon) or pharmaceutical preparations (e.g. paracetamol). Molecular models then serve to support better understanding of the structure of these substances and, in relation to it, their properties.
Didactic Capacity of Selected Czech and Russian Organic Chemistry Textbooks
Authors: Karásková Natálie , Doležal Rafael , Maltsevskaya Nadezhda , Kolář Karel
Published: February 2020

This article presents the results of analysis of Czech and Russian textbooks intended for organic chemistry teaching at upper secondary schools. In principle, the estimation of textbook didactic capacity is based on decomposition of the textbook content into a set of different objects and their subsequent frequency analysis. In this study, three Czech textbooks and three Russian textbooks were characterized by particular and total didactic capacity coefficients. The indifference of the calculated didactic capacities was tested by chi-square statistics at a level of significance α = 0.05. The results show that the selected Czech and Russian textbooks are not significantly different.
Isotherm Studies of Malachite Green Removal by Yarn Processing Sludge-Based Activated Carbon
Authors: Tang Shu Hui , Zaini Muhammad Abbas Ahmad
Published: February 2020

Adsorption is an effective wastewater treatment technique which has been widely used in various industrial applications. However, the high operation cost involving commercial activated carbon in industrial processes is the main drawback. Sewage sludge is an auspicious precursor of activated carbon owing to its high carbon content, rich functional groups, low cost, high availability and abundance. This research was aimed to establish the feasibility of converting yarn processing sludge into activated carbon by KI + KOH activation and char at 700 °C for 1 h. The effect of preparation strategies on the properties of sludge-based adsorbents (SBA) was reviewed. The applications of SBAs in the removal of dyes and model pollutants were discussed. The results from this study proved that the preparation of yarn processing sludge-based activated carbon via KI + KOH activation is feasible and effective in the adsorption of dye. This paper provides further insight on the preparation methods of sludge-based adsorbents and dye wastewater treatment using these adsorbents.
Disparities in Urban Tourism in the Czech Republic
Authors: Vaníček Jiří
Published: February 2020

There are not many European countries with such a significant share of the capital city on tourism (especially incoming tourism) as the Czech Republic. The number of foreign tourists grows significantly in the Czech Republic and so does the share of Prague. All marketing campaigns aiming to get foreign tourists beyond Prague ended inefficiently. The share of Prague on the number of tourists accommodated in standard accommodation facilities per the total number of tourists in the Czech Republic is 62%. Prague is also the only region with a higher number of foreign tourists in comparison with the number of the Czech tourists (85% of tourists in Prague are foreigners). Furthermore, the offer of sharing economy in the field of accommodation in Prague also exceeds the offer of other Czech cities. Prague is therefore struggling with overtourism in some attractive areas and must deal with unsustainable development.
Social and Political Thought in the Russian Religious Renaissance
Authors: Ladouceur Paul
Published: February 2020

Before the Russian revolution of 1917 and subsequently in exile, the leading figures of the Russian religious renaissance were deeply engaged in social and political questions. Vladimir Soloviev, Sergius Bulgakov and Nicolas Berdyaev in particular presented Christian philosophies and theologies as alternatives to secular philosophies which captivated the Russian intelligentsia in late imperial Russia. Their thinking was consistent with evangelical precepts and the social thinking and actions of the early Fathers of the Church, even if not always couched in explicitly Christian terms. Major Christian theological and spiritual principles inspiring their theologies include the equality of all human beings, the evangelical imperative of love of neighbour as a reflection of love of God, the uniqueness of the human person, and freedom. Social and political thinking during the Russian religious renaissance provided a solid, if inadequately recognized, basis for the development of later Orthodox social and political theology.
The Ultranationalist Newsroom: Orthodox “Ecumenism” in the Legionary Ecclesiastical Newspapers
Authors: Biliuță Ionuț
Published: February 2020

The present paper discusses the anti-Greek Catholic and anti-Jewish attitudes of some Orthodox clergy as reflected in the interwar legionary press. By making reference to several newspapers (Legiunea, Predania, Glasul Strămoșesc) the article sheds light on the political mobilization of the legionary Orthodox clergymen and intellectuals in support of the xenophobic agenda regarding other denominations (especially the Greek-Catholics) and religious groups (the Jews) in interwar Romania.
Orthodox Christianity and the State: the Relevance of Globalization
Authors: Roudometof Victor
Published: February 2020

Orthodox Christianity remains relatively understudied and its scholarly analysis still suffers from widespread misconceptions. This article’s opening section is devoted to de-bunking of past biases, as these emerge in conventional or traditional modernist images of Orthodoxy in scholarship. Next, the article lays out a global perspective and argues that such a perspective can contribute greatly toward a different understanding of the relationship between Orthodox Church and politics. It proposes a series of distinct church-state patterns as observed in Orthodox pre-modern and modern societies. The variety of these arrangements strongly suggests the need to overturn past interpretations and to accept the basic premise that Orthodox Christianity has a multifaceted relationship to society and culture – as well as to accept the notion that, from within the lenses of historical globalization, Orthodoxy has experienced historical change and that its current version is in fact not the relic of an unchanged tradition but rather the product of social change and of adjustment to globalization.
Love, Life and Politics: Comparing Lutheran and Orthodox Political Theologies
Authors: Papanikolaou Aristotle
Published: February 2020

In this essay, I want to engage Luther’s political theology by engaging Michael Laffin’s recent book, The Promise of Martin Luther’s Political Theology. I am fully aware of the debates around Luther’s political theology and realize that Laffin’s is only one interpretation, but it is a very nuanced interpretation that offers compelling arguments. I then want to illustrate affinities between Laffin’s interpretation of Luther and my own Orthodox political theology based on the realism of divinehuman communion, or theosis. I then want to end by relating this comparison to what is arguably one of the most pressing questions of Christian political theology – the Christian’s relation to political liberalism.
The Political/Civil Role of Religion: What Narrative is Appropiate for the EU?
Authors: Rothholz Walter
Published: February 2020

This article introduces an empirical comprehension of secularization – disavowing Max Weber’s grasp – which is based on the premise that a structural similarity of symbols leads to their transmogrification. The structure of society remains the same in a secular society as well, in that consciousness is still affected by the same experiences. Following a brief remark on liberalism as privatizer of all highest goods, one of the consequences of secularization is exemplified. The European Union is such a liberal foundation whose self-understanding has found itself at a loss of political approval. Based on a political economy, namely on the benefit of some is the detriment of the other, the EU has overlooked that a society always shares a civil religion to which it is not possible to give up: Renouncing the sacred always denotes a profound political crisis. And a political crisis will always generate a new civil religion, of fundamental reactionary nature, and, therefore, incurring the inevitable form of an ideology.
Interconfessional Marriage and Serbian Orthodox Church – A Parish Life Perspective from Diaspora
Authors: Smiljanic Mihailo
Published: February 2020

This essay illustrates situations in actual parish life in the diaspora, between juridical presumptions and everyday practice. Juridical grounds are based on canonical law of the Orthodox Church as well as on the Constitution and Acts of the Serbian Orthodox Church, which were formed between the World Wars and in the post-war period, thus being prepared for the multicultural surroundings of Yugoslavia. Multiculturalism is particularly accented in the diaspora. The text describes the juridical procedure and its consequences in parish life and gives a statistical overview of a parish in the diaspora.
Heavy Mineral Distribution in the Lokoja and Patti Formations, Southern Bida Basin, Nigeria: Implications for Provenance, Maturity and Transport History
Authors: Bankole S. I. , Akinmosin A. , Omeru T. , Ibrahim H. E.
Published: February 2020

Heavy mineral component of 13 samples from the Lokoja and Patti Formations, Bida Basin have been studied for their textural characteristics, compositional abundance, maturity and provenance determinations. The suite of heavy minerals encountered is classified as opaque and non-opaque constituents. The non-opaque components include zircon, tourmaline, rutile, garnet, staurolite, epidote, kyanite, titanite, lawsonite, cassiterite, sillimanite, hornblende, hypersthene and andalusite. The assemblage is generally dominated by zircon and tourmaline in the two formations. The constituent heavy minerals identified are dominated by ultra-stable and stable classes, whereas the ZTR indices indicate mineralogical immaturity coupled with textural immaturity of the constituent grains. This suggests the possible dominance of chemical weathering of the source rock. The suites of minerals recovered have been linked to both metamorphic and non-metamorphic crystalline rock origins.
Diachronic Reevaluation of Translation Procedures
Authors: Kesic Dalibor
Published: February 2020

Today’s world has necessitated changes in almost every aspect of our lives. Technological advancements have fundamentally challenged the routines that many of us took for granted and did not observe as transmutable. Was translation an exception? A principal idea behind writing this paper is to take a step back and soar above the every dynamics in order to get an adequate vista over translation theorizing/theories and the actual decision making in translation activity. The objective is not to offer solutions but rather to involve in theory-based translation argumentation through the analysis and discussion of commonly authentic translational files. Language has many functions and takes varying forms depending on the situation in which it is used. Any attempt to offer an in-depth analysis of the theory-practice boundary imposes the choice of a language pair where the different aspects of translation can be explored with ease and insight. The choice of English and Serbian as the relevant pair hardly needs any justification with English being an international lingua franca and Serbian being used in large swaths of the Balkan peninsula. Another main motivation for writing this paper is to accommodate for the renewed and booming interest in translation in the Balkan peninsula both at the practical and academic levels.
L’histoire des traductions en hongrois de Tartuffe et de Ainsi va l’carnaval
Authors: Farkas Jenő
Published: February 2020

Starting from a corpus of successive translations of Moliere’s and Caragiale’s comedies, our aim in this article is to demonstrate that modern translations / adaptations disregard the canons of present day translatology, inclined towards more and more abstract theoretical approaches. Translation practice in the area of theatre goes beyond theory and contains - maybe better than other forms of literary translation - the new acquisitions of contemporary cultural reception. Willingly or not, today’s spectator/consumer asks for the renewed adaptation of past authors. If the conservation of theatre in the new millennium as at stake, one should also understand the necessity of daringly reinventing the well-known world playwrights.
Na europejskich frontach wojen Imperium Rosyjskiego w XIX wieku – aspekt militarny w twórczości wybranych rosyjskich malarzy epoki
Authors: Krokosz Paweł
Published: February 2020

The article analyses the military themes present in Russian paintings of the 19th century. The battle paintings under discussion underlined the heroism of the tsarist soldiers who participated in the multiple campaigns that Russia fought on land and at sea. They also glorified the governing elites for expanding the territory of the state. At the same time, the most important message conveyed through the canvases, which were commissioned most often by Russia’s rulers, was the might of the Russian Empire.
Romanian SMEs Internationalization in the Light of Internal Capabilities and External Conditions. A Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: Mitan Andreea , Vătămănescu Elena-Mădălina
Published: February 2020

The topic of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within the framework of the internationalization phenomena has often hewed the paths for many conceptual and empirical analyses all the more so as the global environment has pushed smaller actors out of their regular habitat. Issues such as the support of SMEs innovative capabilities, of knowledge sharing mechanisms and collaborative networks via cross-border operations or as the thorough adjustment to the new market conditions have sprung as pivotal concerns for both academics and practitioners interested in business development, performance, innovation and effectiveness from a myriad of perspectives. Giving credit to these research and real-life priorities, the current paper aims to discuss different facets of the SMEs internationalization process, laying emphasis on their internal capabilities and external conditions. The empirical undertaking relies on a secondary data analysis which covers the facts and figures comprised by European official reports. The focus is on the Romanian SMEs internationalization variables which are descriptive of the current state of cross-border dynamics. The findings advance that Romanian entrepreneurs and SMEs have been supported in the recent years by a series of European and national governmental initiatives, yet many additional measures and facilitation instruments are needed to properly improve their overall performance on international markets.
Family Business Image and Reputation. A Model of the Influencing Factors, Actions, and Effects
Authors: Motoc Adrian
Published: February 2020

One of the key elements for family business success lies in the fact that they are being perceived as companies' part of the community with an approachable image, projecting a human figure, and contributing to the local economy. Nowadays, brands are not only offering functional but also emotional benefits, seeking to be distinguished as generating positive experiences. Family businesses are being associated with the socially emerging values of modern branding. Family companies have been traditionally recognized for their trustworthiness and integrity, but now they must pay more attention to their image and to develop an intelligent strategy to protect it and the company's reputation since it is an intangible asset, recognized and assessed by the stakeholders. The family business image and reputation are influencing the companies both financial and non-financial factors, these relations being the subject of several studies. This paper's purpose is to explore the knowledge surrounding these constructs and to integrate the findings into a more comprehensive model of the influencing factors and their relationships.
Problem of Preservation of Historical and Cultural Heritage in Practices of Public Organizations of the Altai Region (mid-1960s – 1991)
Authors: Demin Mikhail A. , Benevalenskaya Evgeniya N.
Published: February 2020

Modern studies consider the memorial activity in the context of formation and development of civil society as an important factor of shaping public memory and building national, regional and local identity. The analyzes educational and commemorative practices of the departments of the All-Russian Society of Protection of Historical and Cultural Heritage, the All-Union Geographical Society and the Society “Knowledge” in Altai in 1965–1991. The study bases on application of cross-disciplinary approaches of the intellectual and modern local history. The authors conclude that activities of public associations for identification, studying, registration and popularization of historical landscape objects promoted ideas about the importance of preserving the historical and architectural space of region for collective memory and identity of regional community. Ruling elites supported mainly those social initiatives for protection of monuments which were aimed to promote the values and ideals of Soviet socialism. As a result the indifferent attitude of party and state institutions to protection of archaeological objects and heritage of the pre-revolutionary era, the lack of effective tools of influence on economic organizations and administrative structures by public organizations and the formalism in the work of the Society of Protection of Heritage did not allow to develop practical measures to preserve the archaeological sites and to stop the destruction of the original historical and architectural environment of cities and villages of the region.
In Situ Visualizing the Recognition Between Proteins and Platinum-Damaged DNA in Single-Cells by Correlated Optical and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometric Imaging
Authors: Lin Yu , Wu Kui , Jia Feifei , Chen Ling , Wang Zhaoying , Zhang Yanyan , Luo Qun , Liu Suyan , Qi Luyu , Li Nan , Fang Xiaohong , Dong Pu , Gao Fei , Zhao Yao , Wang Fuyi
Published: February 2020

In situ visualization of the recognition and interactions between proteins and drug damaged DNA at single cell level is highly important for understanding the molecular mechanism of action of DNA targeting drugs, yet a great challenge. We report herein a novel approach, termed as correlated optical and secondary ion mass spectrometric imaging (COSIMSi), to explore the recognition between proteins and cisplatin-damaged DNA in single cells. Genetically encoded EYFP-fused HMGB1, an in vitro well-known specific binder of cisplatin-damaged DNA, dye-stained DNA, and platinum were mapped by LSCM and ToF-SIMS imaging, respectively. The LSCM and SIMS images were aligned with aiding of an addressable silicon wafer to generate fused images, in which the co-localization of the fluorescent and MS signals indicated the formation of HMGB1-Pt-DNA ternary complexes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In contrast, COSIMSi results showed that little HMGB1(F37A)-Pt-DNA complex was produced under the same conditions. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time that cisplatin lesions on DNA prevented DNA-binding proteins Smad3 and Smad7 from interacting with DNA. These results verify that the COSIMSi is an effective and straightforward tool for in situ visualization of recognition and interactions between proteins and specific damaged DNA in single cells.