bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeted encouragement of GP consultations for possible cancer symptoms: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Laake Jean-Pierre , Vulkan Daniel , Quaife Samantha L , Hamilton William T , Martins Tanimola , Waller Jo , Parmar Dharmishta , Sasieni Peter , Duffy Stephen W
Published: December 2020

Background

For some common cancers, survival is lower in the UK than in comparable high-income countries.

Aim

To assess the effectiveness of a targeted postal intervention (to promote awareness of cancer symptoms and earlier help seeking) on patient consultation rates.

Design and setting

A two-arm randomised controlled trial was carried out on patients aged 50–84 years registered at 23 general practices in rural and urban areas of Greater London, Greater Manchester, and the North East of England.

Method

Patients who had not had a consultation at their general practice in the previous 12 months and had at least two other risk factors for late presentation with cancer were randomised to intervention and control arms. The intervention consisted of a posted letter and leaflet. Primary outcome was the number of consultations at the practice with patients randomised to each arm in the 6 months subsequent to posting the intervention. All patients with outcome data were included in the intention-to-treat analyses.

Results

In total, 1513 patients were individually randomised to the intervention (n= 783) and control (n= 730) arms between Nov 2016 — May 2017; outcome data were available for 749 and 705 patients, respectively, with a statistically significantly higher rate of consultation in the intervention arm compared with the control arm: 436 versus 335 consultations (relative risk 1.40, 95% confidence interval = 1.11 to 1.77,P= 0.004). There was, however, no difference in the numbers of patients consulting.

Conclusion

Targeted interventions of this nature can change behaviour; there is a need to develop interventions that can be more effective at engaging patients with primary care. This study demonstrates that targeted interventions promoting both awareness of possible cancer symptoms and earlier health seeking, can change behaviour. There is a need to develop and test interventions that can be more effective at engaging the most at-risk patients.
Predicting the risk of prostate cancer in asymptomatic men: a cohort study to develop and validate a novel algorithm
Authors: Hippisley-Cox Julia , Coupland Carol
Published: December 2020

Background

Diagnosis of prostate cancer at an early stage can potentially identify tumours when intervention may improve treatment options and survival.

Aim

To develop and validate an equation to predict absolute risk of prostate cancer in asymptomatic men with prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests in primary care.

Design and setting

Cohort study using data from English general practices, held in the QResearch database.

Method

Routine data were collected from 1098 QResearch English general practices linked to mortality, hospital, and cancer records for model development. Two separate sets of practices were used for validation. In total, there were 844 455 men aged 25–84 years with PSA tests recorded who were free of prostate cancer at baseline in the derivation cohort; the validation cohorts comprised 292 084 and 316 583 men. The primary outcome was incident prostate cancer. Cox proportional hazards models were used to derive 10-year risk equations. Measures of performance were determined in both validation cohorts.

Results

There were 40 821 incident cases of prostate cancer in the derivation cohort. The risk equation included PSA level, age, deprivation, ethnicity, smoking status, serious mental illness, diabetes, BMI, and family history of prostate cancer. The risk equation explained 70.4% (95% CI = 69.2 to 71.6) of the variation in time to diagnosis of prostate cancer (R2) (D statistic 3.15, 95% CI = 3.06 to 3.25; Harrell’s C-index 0.917, 95% CI = 0.915 to 0.919). Two-step approach had higher sensitivity than a fixed PSA threshold at identifying prostate cancer cases (identifying 68.2% versus 43.9% of cases), high-grade cancers (49.2% versus 40.3%), and deaths (67.0% versus 31.5%).

Conclusion

The risk equation provided valid measures of absolute risk and had higher sensitivity for incident prostate cancer, high-grade cancers, and prostate cancer mortality than a simple approach based on age and PSA threshold.
Natural history of non-bullous impetigo: a systematic review of time to resolution or improvement without antibiotic treatment
Authors: Hoffmann Tammy C , Peiris Ruwani , Glasziou Paul , Cleo Gina , Mar Chris Del
Published: December 2020

Background

Non-bullous impetigo is typically treated with antibiotics. However, the duration of symptoms without their use has not been established, which hampers informed decision making about antibiotic use.

Aim

To determine the natural history of non-bullous impetigo.

Design and setting

Systematic review.

Method

The authors searched PubMed up to January 2020, as well as reference lists of articles identified in the search. Eligible studies involved participants with impetigo in either the placebo group of randomised trials, or in single-group prognostic studies that did not use antibiotics and measured time to resolution or improvement. A modified version of a risk of bias assessment for prognostic studies was used. Outcomes were percentage of participants who had either symptom resolution, symptom improvement, or failed to improve at any timepoint. Adverse event data were also extracted.

Results

Seven randomised trials (557 placebo group participants) were identified. At about 7 days, the percentage of participants classified as resolved ranged from 13% to 74% across the studies, whereas the percentage classified as ‘failure to improve’ ranged from 16% to 41%. The rate of adverse effects was low. Incomplete reporting of some details limited assessment of risk of bias.

Conclusion

Although some uncertainty around the natural history of non-bullous impetigo remains, symptoms resolve in some patients by about 7 days without using antibiotics, with about one-quarter of patients not improving. Immediate antibiotic use may not be mandatory, and discussions with patients should include the expected course of untreated impetigo and careful consideration of the benefits and harms of antibiotic use.
Maternal depression and non-specific health complaints in the offspring: a cross-sectional study in Danish primary care
Authors: Lyngsøe Bente Kjær , Rytter Dorte , Munk-Olsen Trine , Vestergaard Claus Høstrup , Christensen Kaj Sparle , Bech Bodil Hammer
Published: December 2020

Background

Maternal depression has been linked to adverse outcomes in the offspring. Existing literature is mainly based on parental reports, which can be an unreliable source when the parent has depression.

Aim

To explore if maternal depression was associated with daily health complaints and low self-assessed health (SAH) in the offspring.

Design and setting

Participants were 45 727 children from the Danish National Birth Cohort recruited between 1996 and 2002. At 11-year follow-up, mothers and their children were invited to complete a questionnaire. Maternal depression was categorised into: no depression, first-time treatment, continued treatment, post-treatment, and relapse.

Method

Binomial regression was used to estimate the adjusted prevalence proportion ratio (aPPR) of frequent health complaints and low SAH in children of mothers with depression compared to children of mothers without depression.

Results

The prevalence of any daily health complaint was 11.4%, daily somatic complaints 4.1%, daily mental complaints 8.9%, both daily mental and somatic complaints 1.5%, and low SAH 5.3%. Children of mothers with depression (any category) were more likely to report a daily health complaint: first-time treatment aPPR 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96 to 1.85), continued treatment aPPR 1.59 (95% CI = 1.37 to 1.85), post-treatment aPPR 1.30 (95% CI = 1.20 to 1.41), and relapse aPPR 1.56 (95% CI = 1.35 to 1.79). Children of mothers with depression were also more likely to report low SAH: first-time treatment aPPR 1.58 (95% CI = 0.99 to 2.54), continued treatment aPPR 1.86 (95% CI = 1.51 to 2.28), post-treatment aPPR 1.34 (95% CI = 1.19 to 1.50), and relapse aPPR 1.56 (95% CI = 1.26 to 1.93). Girls had a higher prevalence of mental and somatic health complaints and more often reported low SAH compared to boys.

Conclusion

Treatment of maternal depression was associated with higher prevalence of daily health complaints and low SAH in the offspring at age 11 years. The association was strongest for children of mothers with continued depression or relapse.
Son Sınıf İlk ve Acil Yardım Programı Öğrencilerinin Eğitim Düzeyi ve Yeterlilik Algı Durumlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: YAŞAR CAN Sevinç , DİLMEN BAYAR Behiye
Published: December 2020

ÖZET Amaç: Son sınıf ilk ve acil yardım programı öğrencilerinin mesleki uygulama yapma sayıları, pratik yeterlilikleri ve teorik bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal-Metot: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırmanın evrenini bir devlet üniversitesi İlk ve Acil Yardım Programı 2. sınıfta aktif öğrenim gören 96 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıların mesleki konularda eğitim alıp almadıkları (17 soru), uygulama yapıp yapmadıkları (11 soru), kendilerini yeterli görüp görmedikleri (16 soru) ve bilgi düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik (11 soru) toplam 45 soru yüz yüze anket yöntemiyle çalışıldı. Veriler SPSS 26 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak frekans ve yüzde şeklinde belirtilmiştir. Mesleki derslerin laboratuvar ortamında uygulama sayıları ile yeterliliklerini karşılaştırma da ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel önemlilik için p<0.05 değeri anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Paramedik öğrencilerinin aldıkları eğitimlerle ilgili uygulama sayılarının analizinde öğrencilerin % 63,5’i entübasyon, % 41.7 defibrilatör, %38.5’ kırık stabilizasyonu ve %37.5’inin doğum eylemi uygulamasını hiç yapmadıkları tespit edildi. %78,1 CPR, %58,3 defibrilatör, %36,5 entübasyon, % 62,5 doğum eylemi ve %85,5’i kardiyak arrest uygulamasını en az bir kere yaptıkları tespit edildi. Entübasyon, TYD ve kırık stabilizasyonu mesleki eğitim konularında yeterlilik algısı ile uygulama sayısı arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p˂0.05). Sonuç: Öğrencilerin mesleki konularda uygulama yapmalarının yeterlilik algıları ve beceri düzeylerinin artmasına olumlu katkısının olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır
Inverse Power Akash Probability Distribution with Applications
Authors: Enogwe Samuel U. , Obiora-Ilouno Happiness O. , Onyekwere Chrisogonus K.
Published: December 2020

This paper introduces an inverse power Akash distribution as a generalization of the Akash distribution to provide better fits than the Akash distribution and some of its known extensions. The fundamental properties of the proposed distribution such as the shapes of the distribution, moments, mean, variance, coefficient of variation, skewness, kurtosis, moment generating function, quantile function, Rényi entropy, stochastic ordering and the distribution of order statistics have been derived. The proposed distribution is observed to be a heavy-tailed distribution and can also be used to model data with upside-down bathtub shape for its hazard rate function. The maximum likelihood estimators of the unknown parameters of the proposed distribution have been obtained. Two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed distribution and for the two real data sets, the proposed distribution is found to be superior in its ability to sufficiently model heavy-tailed data than Akash, inverse Akash and power Akash distributions respectively.
WEB-BASED EQUIPMENT INVENTORY INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE SERVICE DIVISION OF PT ARISTA SUKSES MANDIRI JAKARTA
Authors: Oktaviani Anggi , Nogie Muhammad , Novianti Deny
Published: December 2020

Inventory management of work tools at vehicle after sales service division PT. Arista Sukses Mandiri Jakarta still done manually using printed form (for dailycheck) and handwriting book (which record every tool that in and/or out from tool room), because of that staffs need more time to do them. Managing the tools inventory must be correct and precise both data and reality in the ground, but done manually the risk of data error is higher than if the staff do with computerized system. Beside that using computerized system in the scope of inventory of tools can make its process faster, so the time efficiency can be reached. Inventory system of tools based web is developed by the writer (also developer) to solve or at least reduce those problems. The method used in developing of this web based application is modified waterfall with whirlpools for the beginner as suggested by Powel, et al. This method consists of problem definition, requirement analytic, prototyping design, implementation, integration/testing, and release/maintenance. The final product of the research and development on this paper is web based application for work tools inventory management that can make the process of managing faster, more precise, and more efficiency.
Primer Boletín “Mirando al SUR”:
Authors: Colacrai Miryam , Alvarez Silvia
Published: December 2020

"La emergencia del COVID 19 y la necesidad de “pensar la Pandemia” hizo que la decisión de tener un órgano de difusión – un Boletín, en este caso- por parte del Comité Académico de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Asociación de Universidades del Grupo Montevideo (AUGM), en su última reunión en Matinhos (Universidade Federal do Parana, Brasil) en noviembre de 2019, se hiciera realidad en el transcurso del primer cuatrimestre de 2020..."
Una aproximación a las descargas por evapotranspiración del acuífero freático pampeano en la cuenca del Arroyo del Azul (llanura pampeana)
Authors: Marcovecchio Romina , Varni Marcelo
Published: December 2020

Se estudian las recargas mensuales totales, las descargas por flujo subterráneo a zonas de descarga y las pérdidas por evapotranspiración directa desde el nivel freático a partir de la variación diaria del nivel freático en una perforación somera en la zona llana de la cuenca del arroyo del Azul, ubicada en la llanura pampeana. Los niveles freáticos se registraron mediante un sensor de presión piezorresistivo. El acuífero freático analizado es el acuífero Pampeano. Los niveles freáticos variaron en el período analizado (2007-2018) entre 0.5 y 4 m de profundidad. Se ha encontrado que las descargas por evapotranspiración directa desde el nivel freático son una fracción relevante de la recarga total (42%). Las descargas por evapotranspiración directa son mayores en los meses cálidos, aunque la menor variabilidad interanual se da en los meses fríos y en los meses cálidos. La mayor variabilidad se da en otoño y primavera. En el período 2007-2018 la recarga total anual promedio fue de 252 mm, la pérdida anual promedio de la recarga a la atmósfera fue de 105mm, con una desviación estándar de 25 mm y un coeficiente de variación de 0.24. Este porcentaje importante de la recarga total que se pierde por evapotranspiración directa hace que se deban considerar con especial atención los balances de agua en el suelo para estimar la recarga al acuífero (que no consideran esta pérdida) y explica ciertas incongruencias con los modelos de flujo de aguas subterráneas que exigían una disminución de la recarga en la zona más llana para posibilitar el ajuste de los niveles freáticos.
Distributed calculations in conjugated problems of interaction between gas flows and deformable bodies
Authors: Kuz'min I.M. , Tonkov L.E.
Published: December 2020

In the mathematical modeling of conjugated problems of gas dynamics and mechanics of a deformable solid body within the partitioned approach, each of the physical problems is solved independently using the appropriate software. In the article, we consider a distributed software model built on the basis of components approach that makes it possible to connect an arbitrary number of components related to physical problems. The mathematical formulation of the problems of gas dynamics, mechanics of a deformable rigid body, as well as the boundary conditions for the conjugation of physical regions are given. The programming model is based on the ZeroC Ice middleware, which implements a distributed client-server model. As an example, we consider the problems of interaction of a shock wave with an elastically deformable obturator, consisting of two thin plates, as well as the interaction of a hollow deformable cylinder with a flow of gas. The results of numerical solution are given.
Some topological properties of the space of maximal linked systems with topology of Wallman type
Authors: Chentsov A.G.
Published: December 2020

Maximal linked systems (MLS) and ultrafilters (u/f) on a widely understood measurable space (this is a nonempty set with equipment in the form of π-system with “zero” and “unit”) are investigated. Under equipment with topology of Wallman type, the set of MLS is converted into a supercompact T1-space. Conditions under which given space of MLS is a supercompactum (i.e., a supercompact T2-space) are investigated. These conditions then apply to the space of u/f under equipment with topology of Wallman type. The obtained conditions are coordinated with representations obtained under degenerate cases of bitopological spaces with topologies of Wallman and Stone types, but they are not the last to be exhausted.
Chapter 2 - Getting out of the kitchen! Reshaping gender relations and food practices in Casablanca
Authors: Zirari Hayat
Published: December 2020

This chapter focuses on some findings of recent anthropological research on changes in food habits in urban areas. The field survey revealed marked transformations in women’s relationship to food. Among these changes, we focused specifically on readjustment of the hdaga attribute, whereby women are commended for their supposed skills and excellence in carrying out their domestic roles. These changes generate tensions for women who are torn between social injunctions and their personal aspirations for wellbeing and fulfilment.
Korelasi Nilai HbA1c dengan Kadar Kolesterol Total pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Susilo Ayu Sabrina , Zulfian Zulfian , Artini Ika
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakang: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik kronik akibat sel β pankreas mengalami penurunan produksi insulin, atau tubuh mengalami inefektifitas insulin. Berdasarkan data IDF jumlah penderita DM di Indonesia dari 9,1 juta jiwa pada tahun 2014 diperkirakan akan terus meningkat pada tahun 2035 dengan jumlah 14,1 juta jiwa. Dengan data tersebut peringkat ke-5 penderita DM di dunia diduduki oleh Indonesia. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui korelasi antara nilai HbA1c dengan kadar kolesterol total pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Bandar Lampung tahun 2019. Metode Penelitian: Jenis Penelitian ini adalah analitik korelatif dengan metode cross sectional menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 48 sampel pasien DM tipe 2 yang memenuhi kriteria inkulsi. Pengambilan data dimulai pada bulan Januari-Februari 2020. Data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder berupa rekam medik. Data dievaluasi dengan uji Spearman. Hasil Penelitian: Didapatkan sampel penelitian berjumlah 48 pasien DM tipe 2 dengan nilai HbA1c ≥9% yaitu sebanyak 30 pasien (62,5%), untuk nilai HbA1c <9% yaitu sebanyak 18 pasien (37,5%) dan kadar kolesterol total  ≥200mg/dl yaitu sebanyak 29 pasien (60,4%), untuk kadar kolesterol total <200mg/dl yaitu sebanyak 19 pasien (39,6%). Hasil korelasi Spearman  didapatkan nilai p=0,030 dan nilai r=+0,314, karena nilai p=0,030 <0,05 sehingga dapat dinyatakan Ha diterima dan Ho dinyatakan ditolak atau terdapat korelasi yang bermakna, dengan r=0,314 dapat diartikan kekuatan korelasi sedang positif antara nilai HbA1c dengan kadar kolesterol total pada pasien DM tipe 2.Kesimpulan: Terdapat  korelasi yang bermakna antara Nilai HbA1c dengan kadar kolesterol total pada pasien DM tipe 2 dengan p-value= 0,030.
Pola Penderita Karsinoma Pankreas
Authors: Via Fienda Okta , Erianto Mizar , Wulandari Mardheni
Published: December 2020

Karsinoma pankreas merupakan sel yang mengalami perkembangan menjadi abnormal sehingga tidak terkontrol dan berkembang di bagian pankreas. Karsinoma pankreas adalah salah satu kanker yang mematikan di dunia, ada 330.000 kematian akibat karsinoma pankreas pada tahun 2012, dan karena angka kematiannya yang sangat tinggi, karsinoma pankreas merupakan penyebab kematian ketujuh kanker yang paling umum di dunia, dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 5 tahun sebesar 5%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pada penderita karsinoma pankreas di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung Periode Januari-Desember Tahun 2019. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan metode total sampling dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 38 orang. Data pasien didapat dengan data sekunder rekam medis. Hasil penelitian didapatkan distribusi frekuensi tertinggi berdasarkan usia yaitu kelompok usia 51-60 tahun dengan presentase 36,8%, berdasarkan jenis kelamin yaitu laki-laki dengan presentase 76,3%, berdasarkan tata laksana yaitu operatif dengan presentase 68,4%, berdasarkan ikterus atau non ikterus yaitu ikterus dengan presentase 71,1% dan berdasarkan predileksi yaitu caput pankreas dengan presentase 71,1%. Kesimpulannya, didapatkan pola penderita karsinoma pankreas berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, tata laksana, ikterus atau non ikterus dan predileksi pada penderita karsinoma pankreas
Pengaruh Sanitasi Makanan dan Kontaminasi Bakteri Escherichia coli Terhadap Penyakit Diare
Authors: Hutasoit Dion Pardameian
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakang: Diare merupakan pengeluaran feses yang konsistensinya lembek hingga cair dengan frekuensi pengeluaran feses sebanyak tiga kali ataupun lebih dalam satu hari. Salah satu faktor resiko diare adalah sanitasi makanan yang tidak baik dan adanya kontaminasi mikroorganisme Escherichia coli. Tujuan: mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang pengaruh sanitasi makanan dan kontaminasi Escherichia coli terhadap penyakit diare. Metode: Menggunakan studi literatur dari jurnal baik nasional maupun internasional dengan cara meringkas topik pembahasan dan membandingkan hasil yang disajikan didalam artikel. Hasil: Sanitasi makanan berkaitan erat dengan higiene, dimana seseorang yang memiliki higiene yang baik harus didukung dengan sanitasi yang memadai. Pada manusia bakteri E. coli yang sering menyebabkan diare dikelompokkan menjadi empat, yaitu enterotoksigenik E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasif E. coli (ETEC), enteropatogenik E. coli (EPEC), dan enterohemoragik E. coli (EHEC). Kesimpulan: Sanitasi makanan dan kontaminasi E. coli sangat berpengaruh pada kejadian penyakit diare.
Post Stroke Patient Medical Rehabilitation
Authors: Syafni Alma Nazelia
Published: December 2020

Background; stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The stroke itself ranks second after heart disease as a cause of death worldwide in 2013. The mortality, morbidity, and disability rates in stroke patients increase every year. Stroke is a syndrome characterized by rapidly developing clinical symptoms and signs in the form of focal or global brain functional disorders lasting more than 24 hours (unless there is surgical intervention or death), which is not caused by causes other than vascular causes. Conclusion; treatment of stroke patients is always based on the factors causing the stroke itself. Medical rehabilitation is an effort made to restore the patient's physical ability to its previous state before being sick in the shortest possible time. Medical rehabilitation includes three things, namely, medical, social, and vocational rehabilitation
Pola Kepekaan Bakteri Terhadap Antibiotik pada Pasien Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jovita Hasna Laili
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakanng: Rhinosinusitis adalah peradangan yang mengenai hidung dan sinus paranasal. Salah satu pengobatan secara medikamentosa yaitu dengan antibiotic. Penggunaan antibiotic tidak rasional menimbulkan permasalahan yang berkembang yaitu resistensi bakteri dan komplikasi. Tujuan: Mengetahui pola kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotic pada pasien rhinosinusitis. Metode: Menggunakan studi literatur dengan menelaah berbagai jurnal nasional maupun internasional, membandingkan dan menyatukan hasil temuan dari penelitian yang disajikan dalam artikel. Hasil: Penentuan antibiotic sebagai penatalaksanaan medikamentosa pada rhinosinusitis harus sesuai dan memberikan efektifitas yang maksimal untuk kesembuhan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat beberapa hasil pola kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotic sesuai bakteri penyebab rhinosinusitis.
Bridge Decks: Mitigation of Cracking and Increased Durability—Phase III
Authors:   Saint Louis University, Rahman Mohammad , Ibrahim Ahmed ,   Saint Louis University, Hindi Riyadh ,   Saint Louis University
Published: December 2020

Early-age cracking in concrete decks significantly reduces the service life of bridges. This report discusses the application of various concrete mixtures that include potential early mitigation ingredients. Large-scale (7 ft × 10 ft) experimental bridge prototypes with similar restraint conditions found in actual bridges were poured with different concrete mixtures to investigate mitigation techniques. Portland cement (control), expansive Type K cement, internally cured lightweight aggregate (LWA), shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA), and gypsum mineral were investigated as mitigating ingredients. Seven concrete mixtures were prepared by using individual ingredients as well as a combination of different ingredients. The idea behind combining different mitigating techniques was to accumulate the combined benefit from individual mitigating materials. The combined Type K cement and LWA mixture showed higher concrete expansion compared with mixtures containing Portland cement, Type K cement, LWA, and SRA in the large-scale experimental deck. Extra water provided by LWA significantly enhanced the performance of Type K cement’s initial expansion as well as caused larger total shrinkage over the drying period. A combination of Type K cement and gypsum mineral showed insignificantly higher expansion compared with the individual Type K mixture. Overall, the experimental deck containing SRA showed the least total shrinkage compared with other mixtures. Finite-element modeling was performed to evaluate and predict concrete stress-strain behavior due to shrinkage in typical bridges. A parametric study using finite-element analysis was conducted by altering the structure of the experimental deck. More restraint from internal reinforcement, less girder spacing, larger girder flange width, and more restrictive support conditions increased the concrete tensile stress and led to potential cracking in the concrete deck.
PERUBAHAN RESPON TIONGKOK TERHADAP UJI COBA NUKLIR KOREA UTARA (2013-2018)
Authors: Miryanti Renny , Pridarita Gita Talia
Published: December 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa mengenai perubahan respon Tiongkok terhadap uji coba nuklir Korea Utara. Dalam tulisan ini, terdapat tiga pembahasan penting. Pada pembahasan pertama akan dijelaskan tentang sejarah awal mula hubungan bilateral Tiongkok dan Korea Utara dan perkembangannya. Pembahasan kedua adalah mengenai respon Tiongkok terhadap uji coba nuklir Korea Utara pada era kepemimpinan Hu Jintao. Pembahasan terakhir membahas tentang bagaimana dan mengapa terjadi perubahan respon Tiongkok terhadap uji coba nuklir Korea Utara pada era kepemimpinan Xi Jinping. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualititaf dan data sekunder, serta Teori Pembuatan Kebijakan Luar Negeri dan konsep Hubungan Bilateral. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat determinan yang mempengaruhi perubahan respon Tiongkok terhadap uji coba nuklir Korea Utara, yakni konteks internasional, pengambil keputusan, politik dalam negeri serta kondisi ekonomi dan militer.
CINA DAN VIETNAM: KETIADAAN KONFLIK TERBUKA DI LAUT CINA SELATAN
Authors: Waluyo Bambang Dwi
Published: December 2020

Konflik yang terjadi di Laut China Selatan telah terjadi begitu lama dan melibatkan banyak negara termasuk di dalamnya China dan Vietnam. masing-masing negara telah mengamankan klaim wilayahnya dengan militer namun konflik mengenai klaim tersebut belum mengakibatkan terjadinya konflik terbuka atau perang. Dengan menggunakan pertanyaan penelitian Mengapa tidak terjadi perang dalam konflik Laut China Selatan dengan konsep geopolitik milik Emmers, konflik terbuka di Laut China Selatan tidak terjadi karena pengaruh buruk terhadap stabilitas kawasan serta bagi negara yang memulainya. memulai konflik terbuka dalam konflik antara China dan Vietnam di Laut China Selatan akan berdampak pada arah geopolitik kawasan.
JUSTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF A VIBRATION DRYER GRAIN SEEDS AND VEGETABLES FOR THE LAST-SELECT STATIONS
Authors: Yaroshenko Leonid
Published: December 2020

The paper analyzes the current state and prospects of further development of the technology of post-harvest treatment of grain seeds and vegetables, in particular its drying, on the conditions of which depends the quality of the sowing material. One of the ways to solve this problem is to apply convective drying in a pseudo-liquefied state with periodic heating and cooling of the seeds, which allows to maintain the temperature of the dried seeds within the specified limits and thereby maintain its high sowing qualities. To study the parameters of such drying at the Vinnitsa National Agricultural University a laboratory sample of a vibrating dryer with a U-shaped working chamber for drying granular or fine-grained products was created, which allows the temperature and flow of the fluid to be controlled during drying, as well as the oscillation amplitude of the drying chamber. As a result of studies of vibration parameters influence of the working chamber of the dryer (the trajectory of its oscillations, vibration speed and vibration acceleration), the temperature and flow rate of the coolant (atmospheric air) and its humidity, the possibility of a significant reduction of energy consumption, increase of intensity and reduction of drying time is established. As a result of the research, the design and development of a vibrating convective dryer of intermittent heating with a vertical drive shaft was proposed, which allows to combine the advantages of convection vibrating tray and mine dryers, in which, in order to intensify the drying process and reduce the energy consumption, the phenomenon of thermodiffusion, or the movement of moisture in a material under the action of a temperature gradient (which coincides in direction with the flow of heat), that greatly reduces the energy consumption and duration of the drying process. Consistent alternation of periods of heating of particles of granular products with heated air and their cooling with atmospheric air, due to the phenomenon of thermodiffusion, significantly intensifies the drying process and reduces its energy intensity and leads to an increase in the productivity of the vibration dryer.
ANALYSIS OF SOME PROBLEMS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW SOUND RESONANT UNITS FOR TRENCHLESS LAYING OF PIPELINES BY VIBRATION METHODS
Authors: Kiriencko Elena
Published: December 2020

This article continues the series of works, which are devoted to studies of vibration methods of pipe laying, with purpose of increasing the productivity through higher speed of driving, penetration capacity, possibility to overcome the great frontal resistance of soil at acceptable energy consumption. The studies have been fulfilled on the base of wave theory of stress propagation in going downward pipe and in soil.
This article analyzes some of the challenges facing designers of sound-resonance units for vibro-puncture and vibro-compression, operating in a wide range of laid pipes and in different soil conditions while constructing underground passages not only under motor roads, highways and railway embankments but also under bottom of various water basins which can be carried out by trenchless methods.
There has been conducted the analysis of the high frequency vibrators existing abroad, which are suitable for work in sound resonance modes, in particular, quarter wave and unpaired multiple to it “three-quarter wave” and “five-quarter wave” modes. Existing drives, able to provide the possibility for high consumed power achievement, have been analyzed, which may be necessary while constructing long lengths under water pathways (up to 300 m) with the use of sound-resonance units.
Some examples of necessary technical characteristics for new sound-resonant installations for vibro-puncture and vibro-compression are given; basic requirements for these installations are formulated.
The entero-insular axis: a journey in the physiopathology of diabetes
Authors: Malaguarnera Roberta , Scamporrino Alessandra , Filippello Agnese , Di Mauro Stefania , Minardo Alessandro , Purrello Francesco , Piro Salvatore
Published: December 2020

Glycemic homeostasis is an essential mechanism for the proper working of an organism. However, balance in blood lipid and protein levels also plays an important role. The discovery of the hormone insulin and the description of its function for glycemic control made fundamental scientific progress in this field. However, since then our view of the problem has been deeply influenced only in terms of glucose and insulin (in an insulin-centric and glucose-centric way). Based on recent scientific discoveries, a fine and sophisticated network of hormonal and metabolic interactions, involving almost every apparatus and tissue of the human body, has been theorized. Efficient metabolic homeostasis is founded on these intricate interactions. Although it is still not fully defined, this complex network can undergo alterations that lead to metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus (DM). The endocrine pancreas plays a crucial role in the metabolic balance of an organism, but insulin is just one of the elements involved and each single pancreatic islet hormone is worthy of our concern. Moreover, pancreatic hormones need to be considered in a general view, concerning both their systemic function as direct mediators and as hormones, which, in turn, are regulated by other hormones or other substances. This more complex scenario should be taken into account for a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the therapeutic algorithms of DM. As a consequence, improvements in modern medicine could help to contemplate this new perspective. This review is focused on some aspects of gut-pancreas interaction, aiming to integrate this synergy into a wider context involving other organs and tissues.
Mitos Wanita Pada Desain Kemasan Sabun Pembersih Kewanitaan
Authors: Monica Revias Purwa Kusuma  , Susanto Anom Purnomo Aji
Published: December 2020

A wider market in which there are various kinds of products makescompetition fierce for the attention of consumers. In plain view,many similar items have almost similar visual elements, one of whichis feminine cleaning products. The feminine sanitizer packagingbottle has a distinctive curve and is almost similar from one brand toanother. This study aims to examine a work of VisualCommunication Design in the form of packaging design of femininecleansing soap products. The feminine cleansing soap productssampled were Herborist, Resik V, and Sumber Ayu, and all threecontain the same content, namely betel leaf extract. The researchmethod used in this research is descriptive qualitative with the theoryof the meaning of connotations and myths of Roland Barthes. Theresults of the analysis of connotative and mythological meanings ofthe three samples of feminine cleansing soap show that there aresimilarities in the meanings of verbal and visual signs. Theseproducts carry the same image which is constructed through theconnotations and myths of the hope of every woman to have afragrant, clean, healthy, healthy area of womanhood and does notinterfere with daily activities. Meanwhile, the meaning of myth in thepackaging design of feminine cleansing soap reveals that the shapeof the packaging design bottle is an ideal image of a woman's body.
Knihovny ženských klášterů v pohusitském období
Authors: Modráková Renáta
Published: December 2020

The libraries of Bohemian female monasteries were distinctive units with thematically diverse codices in both manuscript and printed form. This article focuses on their composition and possible transformation in the Post-Hussite period with an overlap to the 16th century. Five important nunneries of various orders have been chosen as models. These include St George’s Benedictine Convent at Prague Castle, the Premonstratensian Convent in Doksany, St Anne’s Dominican Convent in the Old Town of Prague, the Premonstratensian Convent in Chotěšov, the Convent of Poor Clares in Český Krumlov and the Convent of Poor Clares in Cheb. The composition and size of a particular library in the period under review depended on the economic, social and cultural situation of each convent. Liturgical books continued to be commissioned, but the number of devotional literature and mystical texts increased. Many monasteries also focused on ordering printed books. The primary aim of the article is to open the whole topic.
Tlumok sběratele. Zápisníky Boženy Němcové
Authors: Dörflová Yvetta
Published: December 2020

Less-known sources on the life and work of Božena Němcová include her notebooks. She probably had a large number of them, but only four have been preserved, of which one has been published in its entirety. The remaining ones have been issued in fragments. Němcová used three notebooks during her travels to Slovakia. She recorded the course of the trip and experiences from her stay in two, in the larger of which, entitled Zápisky z cest do Uher [Notes from Trips to Hungary], she also wrote ethnographic notes, especially fairy tales and children’s games, and excerpts from contemporary literature on Slovakia. The third notebook was probably conceived in advance as a Slovak-Czech manuscript dictionary. The last, so-called Malý zápisník [Small Notebook], provides a mosaic-like picture of the author’s life and her interests in 1855–1859. The article is complemented by a treatise on previously unknown notebooks with copies of poems (K. J. Erben, K. H. Borovský and others), which Němcová dedicated to her son Karel.
Ovid, Shakespeare, Shevchenko: features of autocommunication practices
Authors: Kushnarova Maria
Published: December 2020

The paper presents analysis of cases of indirect literature influences of Ovid and Shakespeare upon Taras Shevchenko's poetry. The author questions the view which is common in modern Ukrainian literature studies that Shevchenko's interest in Ovid's works was caused by similarity of certain facts of their biographies, and in Shakespeare's one — because of their oeuvres' humanistic dimension. Based on analysis of some relevant aspects of Ovid's and Shakespeare's works, and poems, letters and diaries by Shevchenko, the author argues that Shevchenko's keen interest in both poets' works was specified by his concern with modes of autocommunication and its display. In Shevchenko's poems, autocommunication manifest is addressed to his own poems in many cases; in Ovid's works, it manifested itself in the same way, while for Shakespeare's dramas, it appeared in numerous soliloquys delivered by characters of his. Shevchenko's fierce need for autocommunication was rooted in his psychological portrait, therefore, he was interested in Ovid and Shakespeare not because of searching for some objects for reception or imitation but because of deep feeling of emotional affinity with Ovid's and Shakespeare's characters.
Sacred art in the context of the creation and regulation of the religious buildings environment design in Galicia
Authors: Odrekhivskyi Roman
Published: December 2020

Today, while constructing new churches and the restoring the old ones, historical research on the creation and regulation of the environmental design of the Galicia cult buildings is relevant.
The purpose of the study is to initiate thorough research on the role of sacred art in the development of the environmental design of the religious buildings of Galicia on the material of the late XIX — early XX century.
The methodology of the study is systematic, authentic, historicist, and logical. The author examined hundreds of complexes of sacral buildings in Galicia. Synthesis of sacral art and design played an important role in the creation and regulation of the environmental design of the religious buildings of this region. Nevertheless, the end of the nineteenth — the beginning of the twentieth century is a period of elevation in the national culture's development of the Ukrainians of Galicia. These are interiors of churches in Lviv, Tarnivtka, Drohobych, Vorokhta and other cities and villages of the region made with imitation of the historical epochs and national style.
Inheritance of historical styles, such as Ukrainian baroque and folk art traditions, played an important role in the spiritual life of the Ukrainians of Galicia.
They became one of the important factors in their national self-identification and in the revival of cultural life at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Realistic landscape in the works of Ivan Honchar
Authors: Kovalenko Natalia
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes artistic and stylistic features of the landscapes of Ivan Honchar in the early period of creativity (1930s ‒ 1950s). The source base study of the artist's creative heritage testifies to the lack of information in the scientific circulation on the creative search and his works of these decades. Thus, the National Center of Folk Culture "Museum of Ivan Honchar" archives store plein-air works of the artist, which are currently not listed in any catalog, the inventory of which is not detailed by type of work. However, it was the early period of painting, characterized by Ivan Honchar's appeal to the realistic method of depicting nature, that laid the foundations for the author's vision of the equivalence of the Ukrainian landscape and folk costumes on canvas.
The melodic, lyrical early Ivan Honchar's landscape accurately reproduces the nature of his favorite area. In his works, the author retains the habit of building a work of art on the principles of a realistic school. The landscapes are typical of the traditionally constructed composition with a pronounced distinction of three plans, a clear form structure, accurately pictured state, the exceptionally authentic color. Working in the open air, the master tries to capture fleeting changes in lighting and enrich the color scheme using the impressionist painting style. However, Ivan Honchar abandons some other principles of creating the image of the French Impressionists of the 1860s which blur the real forms making them completely unrecognizable.
COVID-19 SALGINI BAĞLAMINDA ÖĞRETMENLERİN ALGILADIKLARI “AŞIRI İLETİŞİM YÜKÜ” DÜZEYİ
Authors: DİLEKÇİ Ümit , LİMON İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 salgını sürecinde öğretmenlerin algıladıkları “aşırı iletişim yükü” düzeylerini belirlemektir. İlgili amaç doğrultusunda öncelikle orijinalinde “Aşırı İletişim Yükü Ölçeği” olarak adlandırılan ölçme aracı, Covid-19 salgını bağlamında öğretmenlerin görüşlerini ortaya çıkaracak biçimde Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. Tekil tarama modelinin benimsendiği araştırmada, çevrimiçi olarak üç farklı çalışma grubundan veriler toplanmıştır. Birinci çalışma grubundan (n=150) toplanan veriler, ölçeğin açımlayıcı faktör analizi; ikinci çalışma grubundan (n=155) toplanan veriler, ölçeğin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve üçüncü çalışma grubundan (n=211) toplanan veriler ise ölçeğin betimsel istatistikleri için kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular şu şekilde sıralanabilir: Türkçeye “Covid-19 Salgını Bağlamında Öğretmenlerin Algıladıkları Aşırı İletişim Yükü Ölçeği” olarak uyarlanan ölçme aracı alanyazında istenen geçerlik ve güvenirlik ölçütlerini karşılayarak sekiz maddenin tek faktörde toplandığı bir yapı sergilemiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin algıladıkları aşırı iletişim yükünün tüm maddelerde ve toplamda “ara sıra” düzeyinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Demografik değişkenler bağlamında yapılan karşılaştırmalarda cinsiyet, okul türü ve mesleki kıdem değişkenleri öğretmenlerin algıladıkları aşırı iletişim yükü düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık oluşturmamaktadır. Bu bulguların eğitim örgütlerinin iletişimini yönlendiren yöneticiler açısından önemli içerimler barındırdığı söylenilebilmektedir. Öte yandan, araştırma kapsamında uyarlanan ölçekten yararlanılarak öğretmenlerin algıladıkları aşırı iletişim yüküyle iş performansı, iş doyumu, psikolojik iyi oluş, mesleki tükenmişlik, okul etkililiği vb. değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri irdeleyen çalışmalar yürütülebilir.
COVID-19 SALGINI İLE ACİL VE ZORUNLU UZAKTAN EĞİTİME GEÇİŞ: GENEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: EKEN Özcan , TOSUN Nilgün , TUZCU EKEN Derya
Published: December 2020

Küreselleşmiş günümüz dünyasında toplumlar birbirlerine ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal ve teknolojik sebeplerle bağlanmış durumdadır. Bu sıkı sıkıya bağlanma durumunun bir sonucu olarak, ülkeler arası her türlü maddi ve kültürel alışveriş artmıştır. Bu alışveriş ve ulusal sınırların ötesine taşma durumu her zaman olumlu yönde gerçekleşmemektedir. Son günlerde yaşanılan Covid-19 salgını buna bir örnektir. Çeşitli nedenlerle ülkeler arası seyahatlerin yoğunluğu, bu yoğunluk kapsamında gerçekleştirilen temaslar, maalesef Covid-19 hastalığının uluslararası düzeyde yayılmasını hızlandırmış, ülkeler daha ne olduğunu anlamadan kendilerini bu hastalığın pençesinde bulmuşlardır. Wuhan’da türeyen bu hastalığın tüm dünyaya yayılması ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmesi kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bunun sonucu olarak, hayat herkes için olağanın dışında seyretmeye başlamış, tüm sektör ve sistem işleyişleri hızlı bir değişime uğramıştır. Bu değişim eğitim sistemlerinde, öğrenme ve öğretmenin internet temelli uzaktan yürütülmesi şeklinde görülmüştür. Başlangıçta küçük ölçekli olsa da, salgın nedeniyle eğitime uzun süre ara veren ülkelerin sayısı her geçen gün artmıştır. Genel tarama yönteminin kullanıldığı bu betimsel çalışmada, Covid-19 salgınının Türkiye’de ve dünyada eğitim sürecine etkileri ile ülkelerin benimsedikleri uzaktan eğitim yaklaşımları, pandemi ilan tarihi ile okulların kapanma tarihleri arası dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir.
KORONAVİRÜS SALGINI DÖNEMİNDE EĞİTİM UYGULAMALARININ ÖĞRENCİ ve ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİNE GÖRE ANALİZİ: KOSOVA CUMHURİYETİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÜLKER Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, koronavirüs salgını döneminde Kosova Cumhuriyeti’ndeki eğitim faaliyetlerinin durumu, eğitim sisteminde yaşananlar ve bunlara yönelik üretilen çözümler ortaya konmuş; koronavirüs dönemi ve öncesindeki geleneksel uygulamalara yönelik öğretmen/öğrenci görüşleri incelenmiştir. Bu yolla, ilgili alanyazına ve karar vericilerin görüşlerine katkı sağlayacak veri temin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, karma araştırma deseni kullanılarak yapılmış betimsel bir çalışmadır. Veriler, doküman analizi ve görüşme yoluyla toplanmış, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Koronavirüs salgını ile birlikte Kosova Cumhuriyeti’nde okullarda eğitime ara verilmiş, ulusal düzeydeki sınavlar ise önce ertelenmiş, sonra da iptal edilmiştir. Okullarda eğitim yerine, çevrim içi platformlarda toplantılar gerçekleştirilmiş, bunun yanı sıra televizyon kanalları ve Youtube üzerinden konu anlatımlı videolar yayınlanmıştır. Türkiye’nin sanal eğitim platformu olan Eğitim Bilişim Ağı (EBA), Kosova Türk toplumu tarafından ilk defa kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Öğretmen ve öğrencilerden derlenen veriler ışığında, söz konusu çalışmanın sonuçları genel hatlarıyla şöyle ifade edilebilir: Geleneksel eğitim, koronavirüs dönemindeki eğitim uygulamalarına göre daha etkin ve işlevseldir; eğitime erişimin sağlanması ve okulu bırakma sayılarının azaltılması konularında, çok daha iyi çözümler sunmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, hem bireysel hem de toplumsal sağlığı korumak adına, koronavirüs dönemi uygulamalarının gerekli olduğu düşüncesiyle birlikte, oldukça sınırlı bir görüşe göre, bu sürecin öğretmen ve öğrencilerin teknolojik uygulamalara adaptasyonunu artırdığı sonuçları da elde edilmiştir.