bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la restauración pasiva post-pecuaria en el matorral espinoso tamaulipeco del noreste de México
Authors: Pequeño-Ledezma Miguel Ángel , Alanís-Rodríguez Eduardo , Jiménez-Pérez Javier , González-Tagle Marco Aurelio , Yerena-Yamallel José Israel , Cuellar-Rodríguez Gerardo , Mora-Olivo Arturo
Published: November 2017

La superficie con actividad ganadera en México es alrededor de 56 % del territorio nacional. El matorral es el ecosistema más distribuido e históricamente más utilizado para fines pecuarios en las zonas áridas y semiáridas de México. Para analizar la restauración pasiva postpecuaria en el matorral espinoso tamaulipeco del noreste de México se establecieron cuatro sitios de muestreo de 40 m x 40 m (1600 m2). En los sitios de muestreo se midieron todos los árboles y arbustos ≥3 cm de diámetro a 10 cm. Se utilizaron los indicadores ecológicos de abundancia, dominancia, frecuencia, índice de valor de importancia, índice de Margalef e índice de Shannon & Wiener. Se registraron dos especies dominantes (Vachellia farnesiana y Prosopis glandulosa) con el 74 % de la dominancia absoluta, mientras el 26% está dividido entre las 10 especies restantes. Se registró una abundancia absoluta de 3050 individuos, donde Vachellia farnesiana representa el 60 % del total. De acuerdo a la distribución diamétrica, se observó que de todos los individuos de Vachellia farnesiana, el 57 % (168 individuos) se encuentran en el rango de 0 cm a 10 cm de diámetro, lo cual indica que se está regenerado activamente.
Despliegue de la función de calidad como herramienta de mejora en productos elaborados con bambú
Authors: Zacapantzi-Cordero Arturo , Gutiérrez-Morales Erika , Herrera-Fernández Enrique , Cruz-Sánchez Manuel Edmundo
Published: November 2017

En el contexto de las Micro- Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (MiPyMES) del sector artesanal Tlaxcalteca recae la necesidad de determinar y priorizar las necesidades del cliente como una actividad fundamental para su crecimiento y desarrollo, debido a que estas entidades son el sustento económico de nuestro país. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo la aplicación del despliegue de la función de calidad (QFD, por sus siglas en inglés) en un caso de estudio para encontrar estrategias innovadoras para responder a los requerimientos del cliente para la mejora continua de los productos y servicios que éste ofrece. El valor agregado de la investigación recae en la aplicación de herramientas y técnicas de la ingeniería industrial aplicadas a entidades que no pertenecen a grandes consorcios empresariales. Con los resultados obtenidos se obtuvieron Críticos de Calidad (CTQ´S, por sus siglas en inglés) para contribuir a la detección asertiva de las exigencias del cliente. Incluyendo la importancia del cliente en el proceso de diseño de producto, y diseñar procesos efectivos para su cumplimiento futuro.
Prueba de calidad en la superficie reflectora de un concentrador solar de canal parabólico con el uso de luz estructurada
Authors: Moreno-Oliva Víctor Iván , Román-Hernández Edwin , Rafael-Esesarte Sergio Arturo , García-Hernández Rommel
Published: November 2017

Actualmente, existe un gran interés en el estudio de los sistemas de concentración de radiación solar para el aprovechamiento de este recurso. Diversas geometrías, puntuales, lineales y de no enfoque, han sido usadas para la concentración de radiación solar. La cantidad de energía recolectada por estos sistemas es sensible a deformaciones en la superficie reflectora, por lo que se ha vuelto imprescindible el desarrollo de técnicas para el control de calidad. En este trabajo se desarrolló una técnica óptica basada en el método de triangulación láser, para la cual se utilizó la proyección de una línea de luz láser sobre la superficie a evaluar, una cámara perpendicular a un plano de referencia y el objeto de estudio. La técnica consiste en asociar los desplazamientos laterales de la línea láser, observados por la cámara, con los cambios de altura del objeto respecto al plano de referencia, a partir de un modelo matemático. Para conseguir una reconstrucción digital del objeto completo se realizó un barrido o escaneo de la línea proyectada sobre el objeto de prueba. Usando este método, se evaluó la superficie reflectora de un prototipo de concentrador solar de canal parabólico de 1 250 mm de longitud en su apertura y 914lmm de longitud de canal. Como resultado se obtuvo la forma real de la superficie del colector, lo que permitió calcular el foco real del mismo. Además, el rango de diferencias entre la superficie real y la superficie que mejor se ajusta fue del orden de ± 10omm. A partir de los resultados, se concluye que esta técnica puede aplicarse a la mejora en los procesos de manufactura de sistemas de concentración solar. La técnica puede ser adaptable para la evaluación de pequeños objetos, obteniéndose alta sensibilidad en el eje Z.
Ictiofauna que habita los sistemas costeros del parque marino Isla Contoy
Authors: Vega-Cendejas Ma. Eugenia , Hernández-de-Santillana Mirella
Published: November 2017

Isla Contoy, conocida como Isla Pájaros, fue decretada Parque Nacional en 1998, por constituir una zona de refugio, alimentación y anidación de aves marinas y otroscomponentes bióticos. Aunque existen estudios sobre la flora y fauna, las poblacionesícticas han sido poco estudiadas. El presente trabajo contribuye al conocimiento taxonómico y ecológico de las poblaciones de peces que habitan en los sistemas costeros y lagunares del Parque Nacional. Esta información es crítica para la valoración de la biodiversidad, hábitat críticos y como auxiliar en la toma de decisiones en el manejo de áreas protegidas. Se registraron los parámetros ambientales (temperatura, salinidad, oxígeno disuelto, nutrientes y profundidad), y se determinaron los ensamblajes de peces en la zona lagunar (Puerto Viejo, Pajarera Norte, Pajarera Central, Garzas), y zona costera del poniente de la Isla (Playa Puerto Viejo, Cocopatos, Pescadores, Punta Sur). Se registraron 92 especies de peces (62 géneros y 40 familias), con los primeros registros para los hábitats costeros del parque. Las especies dominantes por su densidad, biomasa y frecuencia fueron: Floridichthys polyommus, Atherinomorus stipes, Acanthostracionquadricornis, Eucinostomus argenteus, Harengula jaguana y Lutjanus griseus. Seregistraron valores altos de riqueza (43) y diversidad usando el Índice de Shannon Wiener (2.6 bits/individuo) en Pajarera Central (zona lagunar), mientras que la mayor densidad y biomasa se obtuvieron en la zona costera debido a la alta abundancia de F. polyommus. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan el valor de las áreas costeras para la conservación de la biodiversidad al proveer alimento, refugio y constituir áreas de crianza y reproducción a un número elevado de especies de peces, algunas de valor comercial adicional alecológico. La información obtenida será de utilidad para el establecimiento de loslineamientos del plan de manejo del Área Natural Protegida.
Producción de biocombustibles a partir de la caña en Veracruz, México: perspectivas y riesgos socio-ambientales
Authors: Agüero-Rodríguez Jose Cruz , Tepetla-Montes Julia , Torres-Beristaín Beatriz
Published: November 2017

México posee un marco normativo desde 2008 para impulsar la pro­ducción de bioenergéticos, pero está aún no se incrementa en forma significativa; no obstante, existen regiones y estados interesados en ponerse a la vanguardia, como el estado de Veracruz, donde el gobierno estatal promueve la siembra de cultivos destinados a la producción de biocombustibles, así como, la reconversión industrial del aprovechamiento de la caña de azúcar. La región Córdoba-Paso del Macho representa una zona de alto interés porque allí se locali­zan nueve de los 18 ingenios del estado y están establecidas tres empresas que producen bioeta­nol. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la política estatal en materia de biocombustibles, prin­cipalmente con caña energética, sus alcances socio-económicos y probables externalidades socio-ambientales al incorporarse como regiones productoras. Se realizó un análisis documental, bibliográfico y hemerográfico, de las publicacio­nes realizadas sobre el tema en el periodo de 2009 a 2013. Se visitó ésta región en los meses de julio a agosto de 2011, realizando talleres participativos en tres comunidades, así como 20 entrevistas semi-estructuradas a diversos agentes involucrados en la producción cañera. Los resultados permitieron observar que Veracruz carece de un proyecto energético integral a pesar de sus importantes reservas petrol­eras y que finca su interés en atraerinversiones extranjeras, dificul­tando el tránsito hacia una política energética basada en los recursos renovables y las capacidades locales ambientales, tecnológicas y sociales. Los agrocombustibles represen­tan una alternativa regional, en pequeña y mediana escala para la producción de biocomubustibes, pero deben establecerse mecanis­mos normativos que garanticen el uso diversificado del suelo, para conservar el abastecimiento de ali­mentos y evitar su encarecimiento. Se requiere adicionalmente con­siderar la rentabilidad social y establecer mecanismos estrictos de control para preservar las áreas naturales protegidas. Archivo XML (SciELO)
Penilaian Kondisi Bangunan Gedung Sekolah Dasar Negeri Studi Kasus di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Se-Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Parmo Parmo , Sucipto Mohammad Hadi , Sumarkan Sumarkan
Published: November 2017

Facilities and infrastructure are important elements to achieve the successful education and teaching process. The procurement of adequate and standardized buildings become an effort to comply with the minimum standards of infrastructure required by the government. This study focus on conducting an analyzis the damage level at State Primary School (SDN) buildings in Madiun regency.Building condition assessment conducted through a direct surveys and then proceed by weighting the data to obtain the level of damage categorized as good, minor, moderate and heavily damaged . Among the 431 of state primary school buildings surveyed, 36.53% of the classrooms in a minor damage while 25.42% others considered heavily damaged. For the teacher's office, 38.04% were in a minor damage, while 23.23% others considered heavily damaged. For  the library buildings, 38.14% of them considered in a minor damage and 24.53% others heavily damaged. For teacher latrines condition, 49.53% of teacher latrines considered heavily damaged, while 24.03% were moderate damage. While 49.82% of student latrines were heavily damaged and 23.49% others considered in a moderate damage.From the assessment, it can be concluded that the latrines facility repairment, both for teachers and students, should become top priority for the local government in the implementation of school quality improvement programs.buildings condition, level of damage, primary school building
Evaluasi Tingkat Kualitas Hidup bagi Permukiman Nelayan di Desa Pesisir Tambak Wedi dengan Kriteria Eco-Settlement
Authors: A'yun Qurrotul
Published: November 2017

As an archipelago, Indonesia has vast expanse of coastal area, that become a prominent source of economic revenue for some communities in Indonesia. Numerous fishing village was formed as a result of economic activity. But unfortunately, the condition of settlements are very dense without orientation to the sustainable  environment. The low quality of human resources affect the interpretation of the definition about healthy and livable housing for the community. Research on the quality of life (liveability) of the fishermen settlement area at Tambak Wedi RT.03 RW.02 coastal village in eco-settlement concepts is necessary to investigate the possibility of restructuring the fishing village's settlement into a more livable standards and appropriately the character of the local community. This research using descriptive, evaluative and development methods. The evaluation result about liveability level at Tambak Wedi RT.03 RW.02 coastal village by the eco-settlement criteria, which is consist of ecological, social, economic and institution aspect, show that the settlement is weak in the ecological aspect. Therefore, it is the most possible aspect to be restructured with some actual and simple action, so that the fishermen settlements become liveable and has good quality of life.
Pembangunan Rumah Tinggal dengan Sistim Arisan di Desa Pangan Jaya
Authors: Umar Muhammad Zakaria
Published: November 2017

The effort to find national identity based on local wisdom became important. One of the local wisdom that can be found in Pangan Jaya villages is Arisan system in building the villager houses.  The village of Pangan Jaya were inhabited by former transmigration communities from Lamongan and Bojonegoro districts in East Java Province. Soon as their arrival at transmigration area called Pamandati, those peoples experienced difficulties in daily life. The condition creates a sense of togetherness spontaneously, because their mutual sense in cultivated the farmland. They embody solidarity and mutual assistance (gotong royong) in the form of Arisan that represents their homelands culture. They felt the mutual cooperation habit that they have done in their homeland need to be applied in their new village even though they did not know each other before. The houses built by Pangan Jaya peoples were the result of mutual cooperation in the form of Arisan. The research aimed to study the form of Arisan system among the people of  Pangan Jaya village in building their houses. This was a qualitative study with case study approach and data were collected through observation as well as in-depth interviews. The result of the research indicated that the Arisan system on houses  construction  came in the form of building materials and cash money. This Arisan system can run well because of the similarity of background, life principle and Javanese culture among Pangan Jaya villagers and supported by their healthy economy condition.
SEMIÓTICA Y ACCIÓN COMUNICATIVA: UNA RUTA ENTRE PIERCE, APEL Y HABERMAS
Authors: Vélez Cuartas Gabriel Jaime
Published: November 2017

El propósito de este artículo es dar un vistazo al planteamiento de la semiótica peirceana y su relación fundamental con la comunidad de comunicación de Apel y la acción comunicativa de Habermas. La idea de una sociedad comunicada, constructora de consensos y democrática tiene su fundamentación en teorías del lenguaje y la pragmática, es por ello importante regresar a sus fuentes y tratar de encontrar en las preguntas de estos autores, algunas luces para el ejercicio de la interlocución social.
La comprensión como perspectiva metodológica en Hannah Arendt
Authors: Di Pego Anabella
Published: November 2017

La cuestión del método no ha constituido un tópico central en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt. Sin embargo, por las respuestas a las críticas que suscitaron sus trabajos, es posible delinear una perspectiva metodológica peculiar que procede en un doble movimiento. Por un lado, desmantela ciertas concepciones epistemológicas tradicionales por medio de la crítica de nociones como ciencia, causalidad y objetividad. Por otro lado, avanza en un abordaje metodológico que va más allá de la tradición alemana de la comprensión (Verstehen), sentando las bases de la doble hermenéutica y situando los asuntos humanos en la trama conceptual del acontecimiento, la narración discontinua y la cristalización. Su pensamiento contribuye así a esclarecer algunas problemáticas metodológicas de las ciencias históricas y sociales.
El político y el científico
Authors: Corcuff Philippe
Published: November 2017

No Aplica
La útil relación entre el diálogo de saberes, la traducción y la hegemonía
Authors: Rea Rodríguez Carlos Rafael
Published: November 2017

En este texto pretendemos analizar brevemente las nociones de diálogo de saberes, traducción y articulación hegemónica, para detectar algunos de sus alcances y explorar eventuales posibilidades de desarrollo, cuando procedemos a un ejercicio de relacionamiento crítico entre ellas. La tesis central es que son nociones no excluyentes entre sí pero tampoco equivalentes, sino que corresponden a niveles distintos de contacto y articulación entre las diferencias socioculturales. El reconocimiento tanto de las diferencias como de las posibles relaciones entre estas propuestas, podría aportar pistas fértiles en el trabajo de reflexión y construcción colectiva de formas alternativas de contacto intercultural, más justas, equitativas y democráticas, en un momento en que el capitalismo neoliberal globalizado adquiere expresiones cada vez más expansivas, colonialistas y depredadoras.
Itinerarios imaginantes de Homo Imaginans I
Authors: García Piedras Myriam
Published: November 2017

No Aplica
Cultural Beliefs and Instructional Intentions: Do Experiences in Teacher Education Institutions Matter?
Authors: Kumar Revathy , Lauermann Fani
Published: November 2017

This cross-sectional study examines associations between preservice teachers’ experiences in teacher education ( n = 2,129), their beliefs about culturally diverse students, and their endorsed instructional practices within social reconstructionist and achievement goal theory frameworks. Structural equation modeling confirmed significant associations between experiences in teacher education and discomfort with student diversity, endorsement of mastery- and performance-oriented practices, and reluctance to adjust instruction to culturally diverse student needs. The number of multicultural education courses completed negatively predicted preservice teachers’ stereotype beliefs and positively predicted mastery orientation. Reluctance to accommodate to culturally diverse students’ educational needs mediated relations between stereotype beliefs and discomfort with student diversity with mastery- and performance-oriented practices. This demonstrates that general stereotype beliefs can inform proximal cultural intentions and instructional practices.
Complications of Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization in National Heart Centre, Nepal
Authors: Maskey Arun , Regmi Shyam Raj , Dubey Laxman , Bhatt Yadav , Malla Rabi , K C Man Bahadur , Sharma Deewakar , Limbu Yuba Raj , Rajbhandari Rajib
Published: November 2017

Cardiac Catheterization for diagnostic has been routinely used for the last few years in national heart centre in Nepal. Complications have been recognized as an important factor in morbidity and mortality after diagnostic catheterization. Improvements of technique and technology have reduced the morbidity of routine diagnostic catheterization, but occasional mortality seems to be unavoidable. A total of 6074 consecutive diagnostic cardiac diagnostic cardiac catheterization performed in Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal between 2004 to 2008 were evaluated for their complications. Among them 4584 (75.46%) were coronary angiogram. 894 (14.71%) were right heart study and 596 (9.81%) were left heart study. There were 5 deaths (0.09%). Four deaths occurred following coronary angiogram and I death following left heart study in a 3 years old boy with Tetralogy of Fallot. Vascular complications occurred in 20(0.33% patients) with groin haematoma in 8 (0.13%), pseudoaneurysm in 5 (0.09%), arterrio venous fistula in 3 (0.05%) and femoral artery thrombosis in 4 (0.06%) patients. Contrast allergy occurred in 7(0.12%), cerebrovascular complication in 3 (0.05%), vasovagal reaction in 5 (0.09%) and pyrogen reaction in 10 (0.16%) of patients. The diagnostic cardiac catheterization in national heart centre has acceptable low rate of complication which includes death.
Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty (BMV) in Pregnancy: A Four-Year Experience at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre (SGNHC), Nepal
Authors: Regmi Shyam Raj , Maskey Arun , Dubey Laxman , Bhatt Yadav , Malla Rabi , Sharma Deewakar , Rajbhandari Rajib , Limbu Yuba Raj , KC Man Bahadur
Published: November 2017

Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty (BMV) has been performed safely during pregnancy with good results. This study was intended to see the efficacy and safety of BMW in this subset. Retrospective analysis of 22 pregnant women among a total of 861 patients who had undergone BMV for severe mitral stenosis at SGNHC from January 2003 to December 2007 were done. Mean fulroscopy time was 7.5±4.8 min. post-BMV, the mean left atrial pressure dropped from 28.12±4.3 mmHg to 15.32±6.4 mmHg. Mitral valve area as assessed by echocardiography increased from 0.76 01770.21 cm2 to 1.8±0.26 cm2. all the patients showed symptomatic improvement. Six patients had an increase in MR by 2 grades. Twenty patients had a normal delevery while 2 underwent a caesarean section. There was no meternal morbidity or mortality in the peripartum period. On follow up for 26±15 months, all babies maintained normal growth and development without any thyroid disease or malignancy. During pregnancy BMV is feasible, safe and effective. Maternal and fetal outcomes are excellent. Growth and milestone of development are not affected.
Anesthetic Management of Traumatic Rupture of Aorta and Diaphragm at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre
Authors: Upreti Murari Raj , Pokharel Jeju Nath
Published: November 2017

Traumatic transaction thoracic aorta and rupture diaphragm carries high mortality rate. It needs specialized centre which is able to handle such case and prompt intervention. Even with maximum effort, only 5 to 7% of the victim will survive and get discharged from the hospital.
Sleep Apnea-A Review
Authors: Rajbhandari Rajeeb
Published: November 2017

Sleep apnea literally means “cessation of breath.” Sleep apnea is a common disorder in which we have one or more pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during our sleep. Breathing pauses can last from a few seconds to minutes. They often occur 5 to 30 times or more an hour. Typically, normal breathing then starts again, sometimes with a loud snort or choking sound. Sleep apnea usually is a chronic condition that disrupts sleep 3 or more nights each week. This results in poor sleep quality that makes one tired during the day. Sleep apnea is one of the leading causes of excessive daytime sleepiness. The airway can become obstructed at several possible sites like the excess tissue in the airway enlarged tonsils, a large tongue, the airway muscle which relaxes and collapses during sleep.
Mitral valvotomy at Birendra Military Hospital
Authors: Rajbhandari GL
Published: November 2017

Shree Birendra Hospital is a 400 bedded referral military hosital situated in Kathmandu Nepal. It has been providing medical & Surgical services to regular and retired army personnel and tieir families, for the last 75 years. It also provides specialized services in medical and surgical sub specialties like Neuro Surgery, Cardio-thoracic surgery, Uro-surgery. Gastro-enterology surgery, Laproscopic surgery, Cardiology, Gynaecology, Neuro-Psychiatry, Nephrology & various other specialities. Diagnostic facilities are provided by advance Diagnostic facilities are provided by advance pathology and Radiology deparments (MRI CT scan, Bronchoscopy, G.I. Endoscopy, Echo-cardiocardiography etc).Cardio-Thoracic Surgery unit started its services in this hospital from the year 2050 B.S. (1994 A.D) The first Cardiac surgery started with a successful operation for a patient with mitral stenosis by closed heart surgery (closed mitral valvotomy) in the year 2051 B.S, 23 Chaitra; (6th April, 1995 A.D.). cardiac problems are not usually encountered among regular army personnel due to strict medical screening during army recruitment so cardiac surgery is generally required for family members of the serving & retired army personnel instead.
Microstructural effects of isothermal aging on a doped SAC solder alloy
Authors: Benabou Lahouari , Vivet Laurent , Tao Quang Bang , Tran Ngoc Hai
Published: November 2017

An Sn–Ag–Cu based solder alloy, including Ni, Bi and Sb additives, is investigated in this study under isothermal aging conditions. Shear creep tests are conducted on different aged solder joints with copper substrate, giving the creep resistance evolution with aging time. Microscopy analyses reveal the limited growth of the Cu-rich intermetallic layer due to the Ni content and allow for determination of the time-dependent growth of the Sn-rich intermetallic layer. The aged specimens also exhibit a partial dynamically recrystallized microstructure after creep deformation and a brittle-to-ductile fracture transition is found with occurrence of intergranular cracking in the joint.
Effects of solution treatment on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 4A duplex stainless steel
Authors: Lu Panpan , Wang Aiqin , Xie Jingpei , Wang Wenyan
Published: November 2017

In this study, 4A duplex stainless steels were prepared via remelting in an intermediate frequency furnace and subsequently solution treated at different temperatures. The effects of solution treatment on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 4A duplex stainless steel were investigated. Microstructures were characterized via optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated via hardness test, tensile test, and impact test experiments. The point corrosion resistance was studied via chemical immersion and potentiodynamic anodic polarization. The results showed that with increasing solution temperature in the range of 1 223 – 1 423 K, the tensile strength and hardness first decreased and then increased, and minimum values were obtained at 1 323 K. The σ phase precipitated at the boundaries of the α/γ phases in samples solution treated at 1 223 K, decreasing both impact energy and pitting potential of the experimental steels. When experimental steels were solution treated at 1 373 K for 2 h, a suitable volume fraction of α/γ was uniformly distributed throughout the microstructure, and the steels exhibited optimal mechanical properties and pitting corrosion resistance.
Experimental and Computational Study on the Debenzylation of (2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-protected 1,3-diazaoxindoles
Authors: Kókai Eszter , Kováts Benjámin , Komjáti Balázs , Volk Balázs , Nagy József
Published: November 2017

The introduction and removal of the 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl (DMB) moiety was studied in order to use it as a protecting group in the synthesis of diverse drug candidates containing the 1,3-diazaoxindole scaffold. The debenzylation of C(5)-unsubstituted and C(5)-isopropylidene-substituted 1,3-diazaoxindoles was investigated under various conditions. The DMB group could only be removed from the latter derivative using triflic acid. This observation can most likely be explained with electronic effects. In order to get a deeper insight into the reaction mechanism, quantum chemical calculations have been performed.
John Kinross, the Third Marquess of Bute, architectural restoration, innovation and design
Authors: Mays Deborah
Published: November 2017

Over a decade at the end of the nineteenth century, the learned architect John Kinross RSA worked with that passionate antiquary, the third marquess of Bute, on sizeable and significant restoration projects across Scotland. The projects were Falkland Palace and Chapel, Fife; the Augustinian Priory at St Andrews; Greyfriars' Church and Convent, Elgin; and Pluscarden Abbey, Morayshire. This paper considers how their work played out against the restoration debate which was at its peak during these years. It tests the levels of innovation and design in the pair's key commissions, and considers what influence they may have had in informing both architectural practice and emerging philosophies in twentieth- and twenty-first-century Scotland.
Hot for Teacher: Intergenerational Desire,Harry Potter, and the Case of Snarry
Authors: Duggan Jennifer
Published: November 2017

Although teacher–student relationships are currently taboo, the Harry Potter texts exhibit palimpsestic traces of both the homosociality and the student–teacher romances common to early school-story texts. These traces have likely inspired the popularity of same-sex teacher–student pairings such as Harry Potter/Severus Snape (‘Snarry’) in fanfiction published online. But what precisely do the fan authors and readers of these texts find interesting about them, and how do they justify their desire to produce and consume these texts within a society that considers same-sex intergenerational relationships – and particularly those between students and teachers–deviant? This article explores interviews with several fan authors of Snarry, published on the communal blog The Snarry Reader, as well as fan readers' reviews of fanfiction published on the Snarry-dedicated website Walking the Plank, to shed light on fan authors' and readers’ motivation to read and write Snarry.
The Effect of Rice Straw Gasification Temperature on the Release and Occurrence Modes of Na and K in a Fluidized Bed
Authors: Chen Tianyu , Cao Jun , Jin Baosheng
Published: November 2017

Rice straw gasification was carried out in a laboratory fluidized bed reactor system from 600 to 800 °C in order to well-understand the release and occurrence mode of alkali metals as a function of temperature during the gasification process. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was applied to analyze the original rice straw and obtained fly ash at different temperatures. The results show that the Water-Soluble, Ammonium acetate-Soluble, Hydrochloric acid-Soluble, and Aluminosilicate Combination-Soluble modes of the Na and K contents in rice straw decreased in sequence. The content of Water-Soluble salts of Na and K accounts for more than 50%, while the content of the Aluminosilicate Combination-Soluble mode is the lowest: less than 5%. The release rate of Na appears to be consistent but nonlinear, increasing with gasification conversion ranges between 50.2% and 70.8%, from which we can deduce that temperature is not the only factor that impacts Na emission. The release of K can be divided into two stages at 700 °C. At the first stage, the release rate of K is almost invariable, ranging from 23.3% to 26%. At the second stage, the release rate increases sharply: up to 55.9%. The concentration and the proportion of the Water-Soluble, Ammonium acetate-Soluble, and Hydrochloric acid-Soluble modes of Na in fly ash decrease with a temperature increase. The release of K can be explained as follows: one path is an organic form of K converted into its gaseous phase; the other path is a soluble inorganic form of K that is volatile at a high temperature. With a temperature increase, the Aluminosilicate Combination-Soluble mode of both Na and K increases.
Dual Roles of Fer Kinase Are Required for Proper Hematopoiesis and Vascular Endothelium Organization during Zebrafish Development
Authors: Dunn Emily , Billquist Elizabeth , VanderStoep Amy , Bax Phillip , Westrate Laura , McLellan Lisa , Peterson Shelby , MacKeigan Jeffrey , Putzke Aaron
Published: November 2017

Fer kinase, a protein involved in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion and proliferation, has been shown to be required during invertebrate development and has been implicated in leukemia, gastric cancer, and liver cancer. However, in vivo roles for Fer during vertebrate development have remained elusive. In this study, we bridge the gap between the invertebrate and vertebrate realms by showing that Fer kinase is required during zebrafish embryogenesis for normal hematopoiesis and vascular organization with distinct kinase dependent and independent functions. In situ hybridization, quantitative PCR and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses revealed an increase in both erythrocyte numbers and gene expression patterns as well as a decrease in the organization of vasculature endothelial cells. Furthermore, rescue experiments have shown that the regulation of hematopoietic proliferation is dependent on Fer kinase activity, while vascular organizing events only require Fer in a kinase-independent manner. Our data suggest a model in which separate kinase dependent and independent functions of Fer act in conjunction with Notch activity in a divergent manner for hematopoietic determination and vascular tissue organization.
Search Improvement Process-Chaotic Optimization-Particle Swarm Optimization-Elite Retention Strategy and Improved Combined Cooling-Heating-Power Strategy Based Two-Time Scale Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Stand-Alone Microgrid Operation
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhou Lidong , Ren Hui , Liu Xiaoli
Published: November 2017

The optimal dispatching model for a stand-alone microgrid (MG) is of great importance to its operation reliability and economy. This paper aims at addressing the difficulties in improving the operational economy and maintaining the power balance under uncertain load demand and renewable generation, which could be even worse in such abnormal conditions as storms or abnormally low or high temperatures. A new two-time scale multi-objective optimization model, including day-ahead cursory scheduling and real-time scheduling for finer adjustments, is proposed to optimize the operational cost, load shedding compensation and environmental benefit of stand-alone MG through controllable load (CL) and multi-distributed generations (DGs). The main novelty of the proposed model is that the synergetic response of CL and energy storage system (ESS) in real-time scheduling offset the operation uncertainty quickly. And the improved dispatch strategy for combined cooling-heating-power (CCHP) enhanced the system economy while the comfort is guaranteed. An improved algorithm, Search Improvement Process-Chaotic Optimization-Particle Swarm Optimization-Elite Retention Strategy (SIP-CO-PSO-ERS) algorithm with strong searching capability and fast convergence speed, was presented to deal with the problem brought by the increased errors between actual renewable generation and load and prior predictions. Four typical scenarios are designed according to the combinations of day types (work day or weekend) and weather categories (sunny or rainy) to verify the performance of the presented dispatch strategy. The simulation results show that the proposed two-time scale model and SIP-CO-PSO-ERS algorithm exhibit better performance in adaptability, convergence speed and search ability than conventional methods for the stand-alone MG’s operation.
A Cascade Disaster Caused by Geological and Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Factors—Water Inrush Mechanism from Karst Collapse Column under Confining Pressure
Authors: Li Hao , Bai Haibo , Wu Jianjun , Ma Zhanguo , Ma Kai , Wu Guangming , Du Yabo , He Shixin
Published: November 2017

The water inrush from karst collapse column (KCC) is a cascading, vicious cycle disaster caused by geological and mining activities, that can cause serious casualties and property losses. The key to preventing this risk is to study the mechanism of water inrush under confining pressure. Aiming at the investigationg the characteristics of the KCC named X1 in Chensilou mine, a series of methods, including connectivity experiments, water pressure monitoring tests in two side-walls, and numerical simulations based on plastic damage-seepage (PD-S) theory have been developed. The methods are used to test the security of the 2519 mining area, the damage thickness, pore water pressure, and seepage vector in the X1. The results indicate that the X1 has a certain water blocking capacity. In addition, with the decrease of confining pressure and increase of shear stress, deviatoric stress could cause the increase of permeability, the reduction of strength, and the reduction of pore water pressure in KCC. Therefore the increased effective stress in the rock will force the rock to become more fractured. Conversely, the broken rock could cause the change of stress, and further initiate new plastic strains, damage and pore water pressure until a new equilibrium is reached. This cascading water inrush mechanism will contribute to the exploitation of deep coal resources in complex geological and hydrogeological conditions.
Energy Poverty in China: A Dynamic Analysis Based on a Hybrid Panel Data Decision Model
Authors: Wang Bing , Li Hua-Nan , Yuan Xiao-Chen , Sun Zhen-Ming
Published: November 2017

Renewable energy can help to tackle energy poverty issues of the availability of modern energy services and the sustainability of energy supply. Based on the concept of the Energy Development Index, published by International Energy Agency, this paper builds the clean energy development index and applies the Grey incidence decision method to analyze regional energy poverty issues in China. A model using panel data investigates the influencing factors that are governing energy poverty alleviation and the relationship between energy poverty and social development. The improved index system not only considers the access to modern energy services, but also addresses the cleanliness of energy supply and the transition to clean energy consumption for cooking. The results indicate that due to insufficient clean energy development, China’s Northeast and West regions have experienced increasing energy poverty problems, while energy poverty in the Southwest region has improved considerably because of its renewable energy development. Urbanization, affordability, and renewable energy development can increase access to modern energy services, contributing to energy poverty alleviation. However, the role of rural household consumption levels in energy poverty alleviation should be considered in rural energy policy.
Regulation and Functional Significance of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Cancer
Authors: Arvinden Vittal Rangan , Deva Magendhra Rao Arunagiri Kuha , Rajkumar Thangarajan , Mani Samson
Published: November 2017

Epigenetic modes of gene regulation are important for physiological conditions and its aberrant changes can lead to disease like cancer. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is an oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) catalyzed by Ten Eleven Translocation (TET) enzymes. 5hmC is considered to be a demethylation intermediate and is emerging as a stable and functional base modification. The global loss of 5hmC level is commonly observed in cancers and tumorigenic germline mutations in IDH, SDH and FH are found to be inhibiting TET activity. Although a global loss of 5hmC is characteristic in cancers, locus-specific 5hmC gain implicates selective gene expression control. The definitive role of 5hmC as a tumor suppressing or promoting modification can be deduced by identifying locus-specific 5hmC modification in different types of cancer. Determining the genes carrying 5hmC modifications and its selective variation will open up new therapeutic targets. This review outlines the role of global and locus-specific changes of 5hmC in cancers and the possible mechanisms underlying such changes. We have described major cellular factors that influence 5hmC levels and highlighted the significance of 5hmC in tumor micro environmental condition like hypoxia.
Hasegawa–Wakatani and Modified Hasegawa–Wakatani Turbulence Induced by Ion-Temperature-Gradient Instabilities
Authors: Sarto Daniele , Ghizzo Alain
Published: November 2017

We review some recent results that have been obtained in the investigation of zonal flow emergence, by means of a gyrokinetic trapped ion model, in the regime of ion temperature gradient instabilities for tokamak plasmas. We show that an analogous formulation of the zonal flow dynamics in terms of the Reynolds tensor applies in the fluid and kinetic regimes, where polarization effects play a major role. The kinetic regime leads to the emergence of a resonant mode at a frequency close to the drift frequency. With the objective of modeling both separate fluid and kinetic regimes of zonal flows, we used in this paper a methodology for deriving both Charney–Hasegawa–Mima (CHM) and Hasegawa–Wakatani models. This methodology is based on the trapped ion model and is analogous to the hierarchy leading from the Vlasov equation to the macroscopic fluid equations. The nature of zonal flows in the hierarchy of the Mima, Hasegawa and Wakatani models is investigated and discussed through comparisons with global kinetic simulations. Applications to the CHM equation are discussed, which applies to a broad variety of hydrodynamical systems, ranging from large-scale processes met in magnetically confined plasma to the so-called zonostrophy turbulence emerging in the case of small-scale forced, two-dimensional barotropic turbulence (Sukoriansky et al. Phys. Rev. Letters, 101, 178501, 2008).
Dietary Intake of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury and Its Association with Bone Health in Healthy Premenopausal Women
Authors: Lavado-García Jesus , Puerto-Parejo Luis , Roncero-Martín Raul , Moran Jose , Pedrera-Zamorano Juan , Aliaga Ignacio , Leal-Hernández Olga , Canal-Macias Maria
Published: November 2017

The bone is one of the relevant target organs of heavy metals, and heavy metal toxicity is associated with several degenerative processes, such osteoporosis and bone mineral alterations, that could lead to fractures. We aimed to study a presumed relationship between bone density, evaluated by quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and the dietary intake of cadmium, lead and mercury in healthy premenopausal women. A total of 158 healthy, non-smoking, premenopausal women were incorporated into the study. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered to assess intake during the preceding seven days. The median predicted dietary cadmium intake among the 158 women studied was 25.29 μg/day (18.62–35.00) and 2.74 μg/kg body weight/week (b.w./w) (1.92–3.83). Dietary lead intake was 43.85 μg/day (35.09–51.45) and 4.82 μg/kg b.w./w (3.67–6.13). The observed dietary mercury intake was 9.55 μg/day (7.18–13.57) and 1.02 μg/kg b.w./w (0.71–1.48). Comparisons, in terms of heavy metal intake, showed no significant results after further adjusting for energy intake. No statistically significant correlations between heavy metal intake and the QUS, DXA and pQCT parameters were observed. Levels of dietary exposure of cadmium, lead and mercury were mostly within the recommendations. We did not find associations between the QUS, DXA and pQCT parameters and the dietary intake of the studied heavy metals in healthy premenopausal women.
Cross-National Systematic Review of Neonatal Mortality and Postnatal Newborn Care: Special Focus on Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Mansoor , Won Youngjoon
Published: November 2017

The latest nationwide survey of Pakistan showed that considerable progress has been made toward reducing all child mortality indicators except neonatal mortality. The aim of this study is to compare Pakistan’s under-five mortality, neonatal mortality, and postnatal newborn care rates with those of other countries. Neonatal mortality rates and postnatal newborn care rates from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) of nine low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) from Asia and Africa were analyzed. Pakistan’s maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) policies and programs, which have been implemented in the country since 1990, were also analyzed. The results highlighted that postnatal newborn care in Pakistan was higher compared with the rest of countries, yet its neonatal mortality remained the worst. In Zimbabwe, both mortality rates have been increasing, whereas the neonatal mortality rates in Nepal and Afghanistan remained unchanged. An analysis of Pakistan’s MNCH programs showed that there is no nationwide policy on neonatal health. There were only a few programs concerning the health of newborns, and those were limited in scale. Pakistan’s example shows that increased coverage of neonatal care without ensuring quality is unlikely to improve neonatal survival rates. It is suggested that Pakistan needs a comprehensive policy on neonatal health similar to other countries, and its effective programs need to be scaled up, in order to obtain better neonatal health outcomes.
Factors Associated with Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in a Non-Fluoridated Rural Community of New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Arora Amit , Manohar Narendar , John James Rufus
Published: November 2017

Dental caries persists as one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among children worldwide. This study aims to determine factors that influence dental caries in primary dentition among primary school children residing in the rural non-fluoridated community of Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia. A total of 495 children aged 5–10 years old from all the six primary schools in Lithgow were approached to participate in a cross-sectional survey prior to implementation of water fluoridation in 2014. Following parental consent, children were clinically examined for caries in their primary teeth, and parents were requested to complete a questionnaire on previous fluoride exposure, diet and relevant socio-demographic characteristics that influence oral health. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the independent risk factors of primary dentition caries. Overall, 51 percent of children had dental caries in one or more teeth. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, child’s age (Adjusted Odd’s Ratio (AOR) = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.14–1.49) and mother’s extraction history (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.40–3.00) were significantly associated with caries experience in the child’s primary teeth. In addition, each serve of chocolate consumption was associated with 52 percent higher odds (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.19–1.93) of primary dentition caries.
Ionic Liquid-Mediated Homogeneous Esterification of Cinnamic Anhydride to Xylans
Authors: Yang Guihua , Zhou Huifang , Chen Jiachuan , Lyu Gaojin , Xia Yuanyuan , Lucia Lucian
Published: November 2017

A new functional biopolymer was synthesized through an ionic liquid-mediated homogeneous grafting of cinnamic anhydride to xylans. The ionic liquid used was 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl) ionic liquid. Xylans with degrees of substitution (DS) between 0.11 and 0.57 were accessible in a completely homogeneous system by changing catalysts (NaOH, KOH and LiOH), time, reaction temperature, and cinnamic anhydride/xylan molar ratio. The chemical structure and the thermal stability of the derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The thermal stability of the derivatives was reduced compared with the original xylan. Possible applications of the cinnamic anhydride-acylated xylan derivatives include wet-end papermaking, organic–inorganic composite films, and hydrogels.
Coxiella burnetii Lipopolysaccharide: What Do We Know?
Authors: Abnave Prasad , Muracciole Xavier , Ghigo Eric
Published: November 2017

A small gram-negative bacterium, Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), is responsible for a zoonosis called Q fever. C. burnetii is an intracellular bacterium that can survive inside microbicidal cells like monocytes and macrophages by hijacking several functions of the immune system. Among several virulence factors, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of C. burnetii is one of the major factors involved in this immune hijacking because of its atypical composition and structure. Thus, the aim of this mini-review is to summarize the repressive effects of C. burnetii LPS on the antibacterial immunity of cells.