bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF THE PEROXIDE BONDS IN POLYMERS
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, DUTKA Volodymyr , OSHCHAPOVSKA Nataliya ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: October 2022

Peroxide-containing polymers containing diacyl peroxide groups in the main chain and in the side parts of macromolecules were obtained. The thermal decomposition of peroxide groups in macromolecules is well described by the first-order kinetic equation of rate. During the decomposition of O–O groups of polymers containing peroxide groups in the main chain, a decrease in the degree of polymerization of polymers is observed. The solvent in which the process takes place and the nature of the polymer-matrix, which contains peroxide groups, affects the rate of decomposition of peroxide groups and the degree of degradation of polymer macromolecules. Peroxide-containing polymers can be successfully used to obtain block copolymers, crosslinking agents, and macromolecular initiators.
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE NICKEL-IRON ALLOY FROM AN ELECTROLYTE BASED ON A NEW TYPE OF IONIC LIQUIDS – DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, PROTSENKO Vyacheslav , PAVLENKO Larysa ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, SUKHATSKYI Olexandr ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, BUTYRINA Tetyana ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, DANILOV Felix ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: October 2022

The paper reports the main features of electrochemical deposition of nickel-iron alloy from electrolyte based on the eutectic mixture of choline chloride and ethylene glycol, which is a typical representative of a new type of ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents (DES). It is found that the iron content in the deposited alloy increases with both increasing the applied cathode current density and increasing the concentration of iron ions in the electrolyte and the introduction of water additives. Thus, variation in the current density and the concentration of water additive in electrolytes based on DES is the factor of influence on the kinetics of partial electrode reactions, and hence on the composition and properties of the coating. It is shown that it is possible to deposit uniform coatings with iron content up to 10–13% from the investigated electrolyte containing water additive (up to 10 wt.%) at the deposition current density not exceeding 1–1.2 A/dm2. The current efficiency of the alloy deposition is close to the theoretical value (97–99%), i.e. the electrodeposition is practically not complicated by electrochemical processes involving components of a deep eutectic solvent. The surface of pure nickel deposited from an electrolyte based on DES without additional water is quite uniform with a small number of defects, pitting and small pores, while coatings deposited from the electrolyte containing water additives are characterized by granular surface morphology with many asymmetric spheroidal crystallites. The electrodeposition of a nickel-iron alloy yields the surface built of irregular spheroids that overlap and form a scaly-like type of surface morphology. Nickel-iron electrolytic coatings containing up to ~7% Fe, formed from the ethaline-based electrolyte, are nanocrystalline solutions of iron in nickel with a face-centered cubic nickel lattice and an average nanocrystallite size of about 6–15 nm. Nickel-iron alloy coatings electrochemically deposited under the conditions established in this work may be considered as promising electrode materials for the creation of new cheap and highly efficient electrocatalysts for water electrolysis in hydrogen energy.
SYNTHESIS OF TITANIUM (IV) OXIDE AND PROSPECTS OF ITS APPLICATION IN ADSORPTION AND PHOTOCATALYTIC WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, IVANENKO Iryna , FEDENKO Yurii ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, STEPANOVA Anna ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, BYTS Olena ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: October 2022

Pure titanium oxide (TiO2(ng)) and modified with potassium fluoride with different percentage of dopant: 2, 7, 15% (TiO2(2F), TiO2(7F), TiO2(15F), respectively) samples were synthesized by low-temperature sol-gel method. The morphology and particle size of pure titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2(ng)) and titanium(IV) oxide doped with potassium fluoride (TiO2(2F)) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy method. It was found that the doping with potassium fluoride does not have a significant effect on the shape of the particles, but allows to narrow the particle size distribution. X-ray phase and X-ray structural analyzes of the obtained TiO2 samples showed that the predominant phases of pure TiO2 were rutile and brookite, and only anatase contained in TiO2 doped with KF. The porous structure of the synthesized TiO2 samples was studied by the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption. It was found that the all obtained TiO2 samples belonged to porous adsorbents, the adsorption of which carried out monolayer. The adsorption properties of the obtained TiO2 samples were investigated using a model pollutant, phenol. It was found that the best adsorption properties showed TiO2(2F) sample at all three concentrations of pollutant. The maximum adsorption degree of phenol with an initial concentration of 3.125 mg/dm3 (18%) was achieved by TiO2(2F) sample; with an initial phenol concentration of 6.25 mg/dm3 was 21.5%, and at an initial phenol concentration of 12.5 mg/dm3 it was 42%. The highest photocatatical activity was shown by the sample of low-doped fluorine TiO2, in the presence of which phenol was decomposed by 68%.
MORPHOLOGY AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF ZEOLITE MECHANOCHEMICALLY MODIFIED BY Ca, Zn AND Mn(II) CATIONS
Authors:   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, HALAICHAK Svitlana , GOLOVCHUK Myroslav ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, DATSKO Bohdan ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, YATSYSHYN Mykhailo ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KORNIY Sergiy ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

An important direction of new technologies of corrosion protection of metals is the use of inhibitory pigments in the composition of paints and varnishes, which are tolerant to the environment, have high efficiency and can replace chromates. Promising anti-corrosion pigments for paints and varnishes are ion-exchange substances, in particular modified zeolites, which will provide optimal selective resistance to aggressive environmental influences. In this work the dispersion and morphology of complex pigments based on synthetic zeolite and monophosphates of calcium, zinc and manganese are investigated. It was found that the modification of zeolites by metal monophosphates by mechanochemical method in a ball mill for 60 min at a speed of 200 rpm leads to decrease in fraction to 2.0 μm by ~44%… 64% and an increase from 2.0 to 10.0 μm by ~60%. The fraction up to 2.0 μm is represented by particles of irregular globular shape > 10.0 μm - agglomerates. Thermogravimetric studies have shown that all synthesized complex pigments are characterized by thermal stability. Thermolysis is characterized by 4 stages, which correspond to the removal of physically adsorbed water, chemically sorbed water, dehydroxylation of the surface by cleavage of OH groups, and phase transitions. Modification with metal monophosphates increases the thermal stability of pigments in the sequence Na-A: Ca(H2PO4)2 - Na-A: Zn(H2PO4)2 - Na-A: Mn(H2PO4)2. Thermolysis of samples in the temperature range from 15 to 700 °С is took place during four stages, most intensively at temperatures up to 400 °С. During mechanochemical dispersion of zeolites with calcium, zinc and manganese monophosphates, the amount of physically adsorbed water increases by ~18… ~41%, and chemically sorbed water decreases by ~19… ~41%. The specific surface area of zeolite Na-A: Ca(H2PO4)2 increases by ~8%, and Na-A: Zn(H2PO4)2 and Na-A: Mn(H2PO4)2 decreases by ~50% and ~22%, respectively. This may be due to the radii of the metal cations and the fraction content up to 2.0 μm when grinding zeolites. Based on the obtained results, the synthesized zeolites can be recommended for further studies of their inhibitory properties as pigments in the composition of paints and varnishes.
RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF HYDROGENATION OF CARBON STEEL OF DIFFERENT STRUCTURES IN HYDROGEN SULPHIDE ENVIRONMENTS
Authors:   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KHOMA Myroslav , HALAICHAK Svitlana ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, DATSKO Bohdan ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, CHUCHMAN Marian ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The effect of applied static loads, structure, and carbon content in steels on their hydrogenation was investigated in the paper. The content of absorbed hydrogen was determined by the method of vacuum extraction at temperatures of 200, 400, 600 and 800 °С for 720 hours, after corrosion in the NACE solution. It was shown that the hydrogenation of 0.8% C steel in the number of structures: pearlite, sorbite, troostite and martensite increased. The ferrite-pearlite structure of 0.45% C steel was the most intensively hydrogenation (19.4 ppm), sorbitic, troostitic and martensitic - less by 30...50%. The main contribution to the absorbed hydrogen was made by diffusive-mobile hydrogen. Its share in the total amount of absorbed reached~65...74% for pearlitic, 50...54% sorbitic, 64...78% troostitic and ~67% martensitic U8 steel structure. For steel 45, it is ~61...72% for ferrite-pearlitic, ~74...79% sorbitic, ~61...75% troostitic, and ~52...85% martensitic. The absorbed hydrogen content of 0.8 % C steel with sorbitic, trostitic, and martensitic structures at temperatures of 400, 600, and 800 ºС increased, while that of steel 45, on the contrary, decreased. This indicated the greater strength of the hydrogen-metal bond in 0.8 % C steel. Therefore, the structure of steels affects the sorption of hydrogen more than the carbon content. Applied static loads  = 300 MPa increased the content of hydrogen absorbed by steels by ~9...15%. On 0.8% C steel, this manifests itself more significantly - СН/С0Н= 1.3...1.8. As the imbalance of the structure increased, the resistance of steels to corrosion cracking under static loads decreased. This was determined by the dispersity of the structure and the morphology of sulfide films, which are formed during the corrosion of steels in the NACE solution. Therefore, static loads most contributed to the hydrogenation of 0.8 % C steel with a troostite structure, and 0.45% C - troostite and martensitе.
FORMING A HEALTH CULTURE OF MASTER'S DEGREE STUDENTS WHILE STUDYING CHEMICAL DISCIPLINES
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, TUNSKA Marija-Bogena , SHPYRKA Zinoviya ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, KOVALCHUK Larysa ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: October 2022

The issue of forming the health culture of master's degree students of the Faculty of Chemistry during the study of chemical disciplines is considered. The main reasons for studying the formation of students’ health culture as a pedagogical problem are outlined. Theoretical and methodological aspects of forming the foundations of students’ health culture in higher education institutions are analyzed. Criteria, basic principles and conditions of formation of bases of culture of health of students, ways of their realization in educational process are proved. The study defines the culture of students’ health as a component of general and professional culture, which includes values of health, knowledge of one's own body, skillful and rational use of its capabilities, environmental awareness, demonstrates student readiness for a healthy lifestyle, desire for self-knowledge. self-preservation, development and self-improvement, successful self-realization in personal life and professional activity, etc. The formation of a culture of students’ health as nurturing in student youth such personal and professional qualities that contribute to maintaining and strengthening health through the achievement of sustainable ideas about health as the highest value, increase motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle, increase responsibility for their health and the health of others, encourage the constant growth of professional competence by updating health-preserving knowledge. The results of experimental research are given. An anonymous survey was conducted among master’s degree students of the Faculty of Chemistry (39 people), its results were analyzed and summarized. The survey showed that 100 % of respondents understand the importance of maintaining their own health. In particular, 48.7 % of respondents follow the rules of nutrition, 46.2 % properly organize training and recreation, 43.6 % of students regularly play sports and follow a daily routine. At the same time, 20.5 % of students do nothing to maintain their health. Students' self-assessment of the level of formation of their health culture showed a significant increase in this indicator during studies at the Faculty of Chemistry (manifestation of sufficient and high levels in students of I and II–IV courses, master's degree was 48.7 %; 74.3 %; 82.1 %).
Stand-Up Assistive Devices Allowing Patients to Perform Voluntary Movements Within the Safety Movement Tolerance
Authors: Chugo Daisuke , Muramatsu Satoshi , Yokota Sho , She Jin-Hua , Hashimoto Hiroshi
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a novel standing assistance robot, which realizes voluntary movements of the patient within a safety motion range. In previous studies, conventional assistive robots did not require patients to use their own physical strength to stand, which leads to decreased strength in the elderly. Such general assistive robots helped patients by using a fixed motion reference pathway in spite of their original intention, and as a result, these robots failed to use the physical strength of the patients. Therefore, this study proposes a novel method for assisting the patient to stand up safely while using their physical abilities, by determining the range of movements that can be safely performed from the patient's physical condition, and allowing the patient to move freely within this range. The standing motion is a set of different movements: inclining the trunk forward, lifting the trunk and extending the trunk. In this study, the range of movements in which the patient can safely stand in each movement was determined in terms of body stability and the muscle output that the patient can generate. Furthermore, this study proposes a robot control method that allows movements based on the patient's free will if the patient's posture is within the safety tolerance, and corrects the movements when the patient's posture is estimated to fall outside of it. Proposed idea is implemented to our new prototype and its effectiveness is verified by experimental results with elderly subjects who lives in the nursing care house.
Algebraic algorithm for the systematic reduction of one-point pseudotensors to absolute tensors
Authors: Мурашкин Евгений Валерьевич , Радаев Юрий Николаевич
Published: October 2022

В настоящей работе предлагается алгебраический алгоритм систематического приведения одноточечных псевдотензоров произвольной валентности и веса к абсолютным тензорам. Вес псевдотензора полагается целым числом. Алгоритм основан на преобразовании одноточечного псевдотензора произвольной валентности и веса с использованием символов перестановок как ковариантных, так и контравариантных. Приводятся необходимые сведения из алгебры и анализа псевдотензоров. На основании предложенного алгебраического алгоритма преобразования предлагается реализация ковариантного дифференцирования одноточечного псевдотензорного поля произвольной валентности и веса, с помощью которой вводится определение градиента псевдотензорного поля.

The paper is devoted to the an algebraic algorithm for the systematic reduction of one-point pseudotensors of an arbitrary valency and weight to absolute tensors. The weight of a pseudotensor is assumed to be an integer. The algorithm is based on the transformation of a one-point pseudotensor of an arbitrary valency and weight by the permutation symbols, both covariant and contravariant types. Notions and requisite equations from Algebra and the Analysis of pseudotensors are recalled and discussed. An implementation of covariant differentiation of a one-point pseudotensor field of an arbitrary valency and weight is manifested and derived by the proposed algebraic algorithm of pseudotensor transformation. The definition of the pseudotensor field gradient is introduced and discussed.
Association between the Diabetes Drug Cost and Cardiovascular Events and Death in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service Database Analysis
Authors: Chung Seung Min , Lee Ji-In , Han Eugene , Seo Hyun-Ae , Jeon Eonju , Kim Hye Soon , Yoon Ji Sung
Published: October 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of diabetes drug costs on cardiovascular (CV) events and death.Methods: This retrospective observational study used data from 2009 to 2018 from the National Health Insurance in Korea. Among the patients with type 2 diabetes, those taking antidiabetic drugs and who did not have CV events until 2009 were included. Patients were divided into quartiles (Q1 [lowest]–4 [highest]) according to the 2009 diabetes drug cost. In addition, the 10-year incidences of CV events (non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and coronary revascularization) and CV death (death due to CV events) were analyzed.Results: A total of 441,914 participants were enrolled (median age, 60 years; men, 57%). CV events and death occurred in 28.1% and 8.36% of the patients, respectively. The 10-year incidences of CV events and deaths increased from Q1 to 4. After adjusting for sex, age, income, type of diabetes drugs, comorbidities, and smoking and drinking status, the risk of CV events significantly increased according to the sequential order of the cost quartiles. In contrast, the risk of CV death showed a U-shaped pattern, which was the lowest in Q3 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.953; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.913 to 0.995) and the highest in Q4 (HR, 1.266; 95% CI, 1.213 to 1.321).Conclusion: Diabetes drug expenditure affects 10-year CV events and mortality. Therefore, affording an appropriate diabetes drug cost at a similar risk of CV is an independent protective factor against CV death.
Origin of Nitrogen Isotopic Variations in the Rocky Bodies of the Solar System
Authors: Grewal Damanveer S.
Published: October 2022

Noncarbonaceous (NC; inner solar system) meteorites have lower 15N/14N ratios than carbonaceous (CC; outer solar system) meteorites. Whether this is evidence of a primordial heterogeneity of N reservoirs in the protosolar disk remains unclear. In this study, I consider the N isotopic compositions of meteorite (chondrite, achondrite, and iron meteorite) parent bodies as a function of their growth zones. Despite the 15N/14N ratios of CC meteorites being generally higher than NC meteorites, there is a substantial overlap between them. Late-stage mixing of isotopically distinct reservoirs cannot explain this overlap. 15N/14N ratios of meteorites, independent of the growth zones, are correlated with the accretion ages of their parent bodies. A common correlation of the 15N/14N ratios of NC and CC chondrites with their peak metamorphic temperatures suggests that N isotopic compositions of meteorites were likely set by a universal time-dependent process—thermal evolution of their parent bodies by radiogenic heating. Therefore, heterogeneous N isotopic compositions of meteorites do not allude to isotopically heterogeneous primitive N reservoirs in the protosolar disk. Rather, it is likely that the N isotopic compositions of meteorites are a direct reflection of a differential response of labile 15N-rich and refractory 15N-poor components in common organic precursors to variable degrees of parent body processing. Consequently, the isotopic ratios of N, and other highly volatile elements like C and H, in meteorites do not reflect the isotopic compositions of primitive volatile reservoirs in the protosolar disk and thus cannot be used independently to cosmolocate volatile reservoirs in the disk.
Impatiens nayongensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China
Authors: Chen Yi , He Bai-qiu , Li Mei-Jun , Huang Rongxin , Bai Xin-xiang
Published: October 2022

Impatiens nayongensis X.X.Bai & Y.Chen, sp. nov. from Guizhou Province, China, is described and illustrated here. I. nayongensis is most similar to I. forrestii and I. piufanensis in morphology. However, it is distinctive in lower sepal broadly funnelform, hooked spur, and emarginate at apex of the distal lobes of the lateral united petals. A detailed description, colour photographs and a provisional IUCN Red List assessment are provided. Its geographical distribution and morphology are also compared to similar species.
Data from an online survey on lentil consumption practices in France in 2022
Authors: Yabré Aïssétou , Membré Jeanne-Marie
Published: October 2022

In a context of transition towards plant-based protein diet, a survey aiming to collect the lentil consumer practices in France in 2022 was performed. There were 607 responses to the survey, of which a large majority (556) were lentil consumers. Amongst those, 283 people indicated that they currently eat more lentils than 5 years ago.

The questions were related to type of lentil meals, frequency of consumption, type of preparation, storage duration once cooked etc. (Table 1). There were also general questions on age, gender and region. The survey may be used to obtain information on what type of lentils is consumed (and how often) in France, how it is cooked and stored. This information may be then plugged into a food safety risk assessment to refine, for instance, a microbial exposure model.

In particular, of the 21 questions asked, four were about possible leftovers and their duration and two about cooling practices for hot meals. This information is crucial for lentils because consumer information about legumes, especially those prepared at home, is still scarce.
Ribosome biogenesis and ribosome therapy in cancer cells
Authors: Temaj Gazmend , Hadziselimovic Rifat , Nefic Hilada , Nuhii Nexhibe
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The process of protein synthesis is a vital process for all kingdoms of life. The ribosome is a ribonu­cleoprotein complex that reads the genetic code, from messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce proteins and to tightly regulate and ensure cells growth. The fact that numerous diseases are caused by defect during the ribosome biogenesis is important to understand this pathway.

Materials and methods: We have analyzed the literature for ribosome biogenesis and its links with different diseases which have been found.

Results and discussion: We have discussed the key aspect of human ribosome biogenesis and its links to diseases. We have also proposed the potential of applying this knowledge to the development of a ribosomal stress-based cancer therapy.

Conclusion: Major challenges in the future will be to determine factors which play a pivotal role during ribosome bio­genesis. Therefore, more anti-cancer drugs and gene therapy for genetic diseases will be developed against ribosomal biogenesis in the coming years.

Graphical abstract:
From sprawling to parasagittal locomotion in Therapsida: A preliminary study of historically collected museum specimens
Authors: Preuschoft Holger , Krahl Anna , Werneburg Ingmar
Published: October 2022

Therapsids covered the entire spectrum of terrestrial locomotion from sprawling to parasagittal. Switching between sprawling and more erect locomotion may have been possible in earlier taxa. First, the axial skeleton shows little regionalization and allows lateral undulation, evolving then increasingly towards regionalization enabling dorsoventral swinging. During terrestrial locomotion, every step invokes a ground reaction force and functional loadings which the musculoskeletal system needs to accomodate. First insights into the functional loading regime of the fore- and hindlimb skeleton and the body stem of therapsids presented herein are based on the assessment and preliminary measurements of the historical collection of therapsids exhibited in the Paleontological Collection of Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany. The specimens included are the archosaurHyperodapedon sanjuanensis, the early synapsidDimetrodon limbatusfor comparison, and the therapsidsKeratocephalus moloch,Sauroctonus parringtoni,Tetragonias njalilus, andBelesodon magnificus. The vertebral columns and ribs of the mounts were carefully assessed for original fossil material and, when preserved, ribs, sacral, and anterior caudal vertebrae were measured. The body of a tetrapod is exposed to forces as well as bending and torsional moments. To resist these functional stresses, certain musculoskeletal specializations evolved. These include: 1) compression resistant plate-like pectoral and pelvic girdle bones, 2) a vertebral column combined with tendinous and muscular structures to withstand compressive and tensile forces and moments, and 3) ribs and intercostal muscles to resist the transverse forces and torsional moments. The legs are compressive stress-resistant, carry the body weight, and support the body against gravity. Tail reduction leads to restructuring of the musculoskeletal system of the pelvic girdle.
Development of the Student Nurse Subjective Evaluation of Completed Clinical Practice Placement Instrument
Authors: Kavanagh Adam , Prentice Garry , Donohue Gráinne , Doyle Caroline , Farrington Aoife , Jennings Bernie , King Marie
Published: October 2022

Background:

Instruments that measure clinical learning environments have lacked rigorous methodological approaches in their development and validity.

Method:

Development research using a survey design approach was conducted for an instrument to evaluate the quality of nursing students' clinical practice placement.

Results:

The development and validity of the Student Nurse Subjective Evaluation of Completed Clinical Practice Placement (SNEP) resulted in a 40-item instrument to evaluate nursing students' experience of their completed clinical practice placement. Adequate level of model fit was indicated (χ
2
[719] = 1909.47,
p
< .001) for the confirmatory factor analysis (χ
2
/
df
= 2.66, comparative fit index = 0.92, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.92, and root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.07). Standardized factor loadings were high, ranging from 0.68 to 0.95.

Conclusion:

The SNEP was designed and validated incorporating the perspective of various nurse stakeholders and can be used in both research and clinical learning environments.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(10):559–569.]
Living in a Limited World: Experience of Lipreaders When Society Is Masked
Authors: Carroll Stacey M. , Atcherson Samuel R.
Published: October 2022

The goal of the current interpretive phenomenological study grounded in Heidegger's philosophies was to explore the experience of lipreaders when society was masked during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Participants were prelingually deafened English-speaking adults who predominantly relied on lip-reading and speaking for communication. Twelve in-depth email interviews were conducted with respondents recruited via social media. Thematic techniques of Benner were employed, and six themes emerged:
Limiting of World Resulting in Negative Emotions
,
Increased Prominence of Deafness
,
Balancing Safety and Communication Access
,
Creative Resourcefulness
,
Resilience and Personal Growth
, and
Passage of Time to Bittersweet Freedom
. Insights from this study clarify the need for psychosocial support of lipreaders during times of restricted communication access and awareness of accommodations to facilitate inclusion. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(4), 18–26.]
Nuevas y viejas tendencias del consumo cultural en Chile: desigualdades, prácticas emergentes y descripciones semánticas
Authors: Peters Núñez Tomás Sebastián , Güell Villanueva Pedro Enrique , Sotomayor López Gabriel Andrés
Published: October 2022

Este estudio se pregunta por las características del actual consumo cultural en Chile y qué aportes pueden hacerse desde ahí a la discusión conceptual sobre la relación entre las formas de consumo cultural y las posiciones en la estructura social. El análisis se basa en los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Participación Cultural 2017 del Ministerio de las Culturas de Chile. A partir de un análisis de clases latentes y un análisis de correspondencias múltiples, se identificaron seis perfiles con características sociodemográficas y prácticas culturales diferenciadas. Los resultados señalan que, primero, a pesar del diseño e implementación de una serie de políticas de acceso a la cultura, la desigualdad que caracteriza el consumo cultural en Chile no ha variado sustancialmente en la última década. Segundo, esa desigualdad corre paralela con la emergencia de gustos, significaciones y prácticas diversas que no correlacionan linealmente con la estructura sociodemográfica, matizando las tesis predominantes tanto acerca de la homología como del omnivorismo.
El estudio analítico de obras del “Goya joven” en Aragón: estado de la cuestión y prospectiva
Authors: Calvo Ruata José Ignacio , Lozano López Juan Carlos
Published: October 2022

Buena parte de las obras del denominado “Goya joven” han sido objeto de análisis a través de métodos instrumentales y de laboratorio, pero no se ha abordado un estudio global a partir de dichos análisis. Este artículo pretende resumir los resultados hasta ahora conocidos, extraer de ellos las conclusiones más relevantes y plantear futuras líneas de trabajo.
Technical analysis of two Francisco de Goya’s paintings from the Museum of Fine Arts Budapest: The Water-Carrier and The Knife-Grinder
Authors: Fáy András , Lantos Adriana
Published: October 2022

The Water-Carrier and The Knife-Grinder by Francisco Goya are undoubtedly two of the finest and best-known paintings in the Museum of Fine Arts in Budapest. They are also the most studied among the five canvases by Goya owned by the museum, and were among the first paintings studied by X-radiography in the 1950s. X-ray revealed some features of Goya’s working method and some alterations he made – for example in the hairstyle of the woman and her gaze – to achieve the expression of the composition he was looking for. In 2012, The Water-Carrier was subjected to XRF paint analysis that brought to light different inorganic elements present in the painting materials.
À propos des « autoportraits » de Goya des musées d’Agen, Castres et Bayonne
Authors: Mottin Bruno
Published: October 2022

L’étude de laboratoire des autoportraits présumés de Goya conservés dans les musées d’Agen, Castres et Bayonne permet de préciser leur attribution. Le tableau d’Agen, dont l’attribution et la datation ont été discutées, présente en radiographie des détails caractéristiques d’un autoportrait peint devant un miroir ; il a vraisemblablement été peint vers 1783 afin de préparer l’insertion du portrait du modèle dans la Prédication de saint Bernardin de Sienne de l’église San Francisco el Grande de Madrid. Le Portrait de l’artiste conservé au musée de Castres n’a pas les caractéristiques techniques d’un original de Goya ; il s’agit, selon l’auteur de ces lignes, d’une réplique non autographe réalisée dans l’entourage du maître. En revanche, l’étude de laboratoire et la restauration récente du tableau de Bayonne, souvent négligé, semblent indiquer qu’il s’agit d’une œuvre autographe préparant le portrait de l’artiste peint à l’arrière-plan de la Famille de Charles IV (Madrid, musée du Prado).
Goya et les scènes de genre de grand format : autour du Temps (Les Vieilles), des Jeunes et d’une version des Majas au balcon
Authors: Mottin Bruno
Published: October 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à trois scènes de genre de grand format peintes par Goya et son entourage après 1800. Le Temps (Les Vieilles) du palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille est exécuté sur une composition plus ancienne et a été agrandi au milieu du xixe siècle ; une analyse par fluorescence X montre que la robe de la vieille femme de gauche était initialement de couleur bleu sombre et comportait des volants. Une version des Majas au balcon, conservée dans une collection particulière, dérive de l’original conservé en Suisse, peint à la même époque que Le Temps. Le tableau des Jeunes pourrait avoir été réalisé vers 1808-1812 et non après 1812 comme il est écrit communément. La composition a été mal lue, car l’arrière-plan ne représente pas du linge séchant sur des fils, mais plutôt un escarpement couronné d’une ville perchée, tandis que les images obtenues par fluorescence X en deux dimensions révèlent un important repentir affectant le vêtement de la maja vêtue de noir.
La Junte des Philippines de Francisco Goya : le chef-d’œuvre révélé
Authors: Augé Jean-Louis
Published: October 2022

L’histoire des grands chefs-d’œuvre ne coule point de source, loin s’en faut, et les exemples ne manquent pas où l’on ne peut que constater la reconnaissance tardive vis-à-vis d’une réalisation exceptionnelle d’un grand maître. Nous pensons bien entendu à Vermeer de Delft et à Rembrandt, l’un pour sa Vue de Delft, l’autre pour La Ronde de nuit ; Francisco Goya avec sa Compagnie des Philippines dite Junte des Philippines s’inscrit dans cette surprenante série. Longtemps demeurée mystérieuse et ignorée du grand public, voire même des spécialistes, elle n’a été étudiée avec méthode que peu à peu, dans la seconde moitié du xxe siècle et dans les années 2005-2015. Outre l’aspect historique ainsi que le contexte de sa conception, il fut loisible de mieux analyser scientifiquement ce grand tableau du peintre aragonais lorsque la question de son éventuelle restauration s’est posée à partir de 2005. De la sorte, les recherches d’archives, les analyses du Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France, les études des conservateurs-restaurateurs et enfin celle de la composition mathématique ont permis de mettre en lumière toute la complexité de cette peinture, sa virtuosité plastique et technique ainsi que sa haute portée philosophique qui en font l’un des grands témoignages de l’art moderne selon A. E. Pérez Sánchez. Sa présence dès 1894 au sein du musée de Castres relève d’un étonnant parcours qui a abouti en 1947 à la spécialisation de l’établissement en art hispanique ainsi qu’à son nouveau vocable de musée Goya.
Une Pietà et une Vierge à l’Enfant allaitant de Luis de Morales (1509-1586) : l’opportunité d’une étude de deux cas atypiques
Authors: Delmas Clarisse , Desvois Laetitia , Françoise Séverine , Graindorge-Lamour Jonathan , Lucchetta Sylvain , Pincas Nathalie
Published: October 2022

L’étude scientifique et la restauration de deux tableaux de Luis de Morales, menées entre 2017 et 2019 au C2RMF, ont permis de dégager quelques observations inattendues sur la technique de ce peintre. La Pietà de grandes dimensions (121,5 x 96,5 cm), acquise par le Louvre en 1996, était probablement destinée à une église, tandis que la Vierge à l’Enfant allaitant de dimensions moyennes (63,5 x 50 cm), donnée par Charles-Vincent Ocampo à la Ville de Paris en 1931, était destinée à un usage privé. La mise en œuvre de ces panneaux est tout à fait conforme à la technique des artistes espagnols du xvie siècle ; en revanche, leur stratigraphie et leurs choix matériels sont caractéristiques de la démarche créatrice de l’artiste et de son atelier.
Le Christ Lemaire : étude d’une sculpture bretonne en bois d’aulne polychromé du xive siècle (Paris, musée du Louvre)
Authors: Estadella Colomé Marta
Published: October 2022

L’étude technique d’un Christ en croix, dit Christ Lemaire, datant de la première moitié du xive siècle et conservé au musée du Louvre a permis de mettre en évidence des éléments intéressants du support et de sa polychromie. Ceux-ci ont contribué à la caractérisation d’une œuvre dont le contexte de création était jusqu’à présent inconnu. En effet, il s’agirait de la seule sculpture d’un Christ en croix française du xive siècle exécutée en bois d’aulne, un bois a priori peu employé. L’étude de la polychromie de l’œuvre a révélé la superposition de douze campagnes et a permis de mettre en lumière l’existence d’une couche rouge sous-jacente à la carnation, dont la présence soulève des questions.
Organizational Resilience
Authors: Kurian Neetha Valsa , Joseph Binno M.
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic uprooted many businesses globally and in India. The impending rise of business failures that would have liquidated many companies in India was prevented by some of the temporary regulatory and economic measures taken by the union government. This chapter aims to highlight the different issues faced by the startups in India during the pandemic and the strategies adopted by them to protect their companies from bankruptcy. The research followed a case study method. A few start-ups from the start-up hub of India-Bangalore were identified, and a survey of the CEOs, promoters, and other senior officers of these firms was carried out. More than half of the respondents participated in the survey confirmed that there have been direct impacts such as higher cost of operations, supply chain interruption, and overhead costs due to the pandemic. The respondents suggested the need for an improved response from government, deferred payment of government taxes, more funding options with smoother processing, low interest loan, and quick fund availability for start-ups.
Factors Influencing Sustainable Resilience of Social Enterprises During the Different Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mishra Oly
Published: October 2022

Crisis and resilience are two sides of the same coin. Each crisis is unique, and its occurrence has impelled businesses to face a different set of limitations and prospects. The pandemic has offered many difficulties to social entrepreneurs, especially from emerging economies like India. The aim of the chapter is to analyze the factors of sustainable resilience that were implemented by the social entrepreneurs. The factors of sustainable resilience are identified through rigorous literature reviews along with their sub-factors. The identified key factors are examined by a qualitative approach. Interviews were carried out with Indian social entrepreneurs and their team members. The factors and sub-factors of sustainable resilience during the various phases of the crisis are established by content analysis. The study explains the role of the factors identified during the different phases of the crisis. This is one of the primary studies on sustainable resilience in the context of social enterprises which identifies the factors leading to sustainable resilience during adversity.
Resilience of Symphony Orchestras to Challenges in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Yu Hilson Hiu Kai , Chiu Dickson K. W. , Chan Cheuk Ting
Published: October 2022

With the growing number of orchestras and competitions from other media and popular music, orchestras are experiencing higher competition. The world's current trend of art culture is unfavorable to the growth of symphony orchestras and their development of audience base, especially under the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzes how Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra, a professional orchestra, can retain its leading status, broaden its audience base, and remain resilient to these challenges. Porter's five force model was applied to investigate its operating environment obtained from various information sources to suggest multiple strategies to gain more audiences in local and international markets. This study contributes to discernment for symphony orchestras to implement new strategies to gain resilience from the unprecedented difficulties. Scant studies focus on the marketing and operations of symphony orchestras during the COVID-19 era, especially in East Asia.
Social Media and the Future of the Instructional Model
Authors: Abdeljaber Soha , Nieves Licwinko Kathryn
Published: October 2022

This chapter provides the latest information on social media and its application in the instructional model. The chapter contains information on how social media enhances learning, especially at times where remote learning is necessary, such as COVID-19. It also includes problems that have been documented in schools as a result of social media. This chapter also presents information about the use of social media for professional development and how teachers are interacting and collaborating using social media.
Rethinking Twitter
Authors: Buzzelli Armand A. , Holdan Gregory , Lias Allen R. , Rota Daniel R. , Evans Trebor Z.
Published: October 2022

Despite being more widely known for its contributions to pop culture, and more recently political news and events, a growing body of literature exists about Twitter's use in education. This chapter presents a framework for using Twitter as an instructional review tool, leveraging its timely, unique, and efficient communication style while incorporating theories of memory and cognitive psychology that are more than two centuries old. The authors present applied practice study examples of how Twitter may be used as a means for distributed practice in learning concepts. While practitioners may be concerned about student adoption of Twitter, research presented in this chapter reports that Twitter is user-friendly and is most engaging for students when an instructor frequently participates.
Feature-Based Analysis of Social Networking and Collaboration in MOOC
Authors: Chauhan Jyoti , Goel Anita
Published: October 2022

The aim of this article is to get insight into the features of social networking and collaboration in a massive open online course (MOOC) platform. We performed a feature-based analysis of twelve popular MOOC platforms – seven proprietary and five open-source platforms. Our study reveals that there are: (1) Two ways to include social networking – in-course and external; and (2) Two ways to incorporate collaboration functionality – built-in tools and third-party tools. The functionality provided by third-party tools differs; so, the selection of the tool is a challenge. For a built-in tool of MOOC, there is a need to re-identify the features for including it in any other MOOC platform; (3) Different ways to integrate the same tool in platforms; and (4) Different features of the same tool supported by various platforms. The proposed feature list helps future MOOC providers and developers to include social networking and collaboration functionality by selection, in contrast to specifying them afresh; and prospective educators can compare and select platforms, accordingly.
Influence of Age Groups and School Types on Informal Learning Through the Use of Social Networking Sites
Authors: Thang Siew Ming , Ng Lay Shi
Published: October 2022

The use of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) as a learning tool is increasingly popular nowadays. This chapter investigates perceptions of 799 secondary-school Malaysian secondary school students of two age-groups, and three school-types (urban, suburban, and rural) towards the use of the SNSs for informal learning purposes. For this chapter, learning that takes place outside the classroom is classified as “informal learning”. Data were analysed quantitatively and comparisons across age-groups and school-types were made. The findings revealed that there was a general acceptance of SNSs as an alternative learning mode and that difference in usage between age groups was not significant. However, the findings across school-types were significant. Suburban and rural students appeared to use the SNSs more frequently for informal learning than urban students. This strongly suggested the need for Government to intensify its efforts in improving ICT infrastructure and facilities in rural areas.
The Use of Social Media in Facilitating Participatory Design
Authors: Alsaif Fatimah , Vale Brenda
Published: October 2022

This chapter examines the effectiveness of using social media as an aid to primary school students participating in the design of their classroom interior layout. It describes two different attempts to do this that achieved varying degrees of success. Where a blog and Facebook page were set up to provide a virtual space for classroom design to happen, and despite teachers' expressed enthusiasm for involving students in the design of their classroom layout, very few participants resulted. However, one school successfully used the virtual space to show the work of the children and this example is described in the chapter. Social media was of more use in a second example where it formed an additional channel of communication between the researcher in the role of architect and the students. However, here it built on face-to-face communication, suggesting social media can aid in participatory design but is not a substitute for the latter.
Merging Social Networking With Learning Systems to Form New Personalized Learning Environments (PLE)
Authors: Goschnick Steve
Published: October 2022

The future of learning environments lies with the merging of the better aspects of learning management systems (LMS), with those popularized in social networking platforms, to personalize the individual learning experience in a PLE (personal learning environment). After examining the details of a particularly flexible LMS, followed by the investigation of several key data structures behind the Facebook social networking platform, this chapter demonstrates how such a merging can be done at the conceptual schema level, and presents a list of novel features that it then enables.
Extending the Apprenticeship Model of Music Instruction in Higher Education with Facebook Groups
Authors: Meredith Tamara R , Warren Scott J
Published: October 2022

Although faculty may not believe that they are legitimately “teaching” while engaging with students via Facebook, results of interviews and publicly available Facebook data clearly document intentional music faculty activities that fit the description of teaching through enculturation. This situates the phenomenon of Facebook groups firmly within the larger apprenticeship model in use in music departments; the process of enculturation through Facebook is used to teach new apprentices how to become functional members of their musical communities. Recommendations generated from the research and discussed in this chapter include addressing faculty concerns about personal and professional risk, departmental development of guidelines for Facebook group use and management that is based in enculturation theory, and training for music faculty in the use of social media channels as opportunities for teaching and learning.
Mobile Technology and Social Media Literacy
Authors: Ilter A.Tolga , Karacar Pelin
Published: October 2022

Advancing information and communication technologies (ICT) are reshaping our daily lives. Mobile communication devices, especially the introduction of smartphones, changed the way we communicate both professionally and socially. Mobile technologies are spreading our daily lives with the help of social media applications. Implementation of social networks to the education programs may encourage students to reach information, share their work, get feedback more easily, and produce content that will build up their portfolios and professional identities for their future career. However, in order to achieve such a goal, it is quite important to understand their behavioural patterns on social networks and mobile technology use. In this context, this research tries to explore architecture and interior architecture students' social network patterns under the social media literacy framework.