bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theorizing Reactive Democracy
Authors: Gerbaudo Paolo
Published: October 2022

The diffusion of social media has profoundly transformed the nature and form of the contemporary public sphere, facilitating the rise of new political tactics and movements. In this article, I develop a theory of the social media public sphere as a “plebeian public sphere” whose functioning is markedly different from the traditional public sphere, described by Jürgen Habermas. Differently from Habermas’ critical-rational publics, this social media public sphere is dominated by online crowds that come together in virtual gatherings made visible by a variety of social media reactions and metrics that measure their presence. It can be best described as a “reactive democracy,” a plebiscitary form of democracy in which reactions are understood as an implicit vote indicating the mood of public opinion on a variety of issues.
Book Symposium
Authors: Mantena Karuna , Getachew Adom , Näsström Sofia , Frank Jason
Published: October 2022

Theorizing the Democratic Crowd: From the Who to the How of Popular Assembly

From the Boundaries of the People to their Enactment: A New Terrain for Democratic Theory

Popular Sovereignty, Aesthetics, and Emancipation

Beyond the Age of Democratic Revolution
Effective Channel Planning for IEEE 802.11 Networks as a Plane Tessellation Problem. Part 2. Method of Best Channel Configuration Selection and Solutions for a Low Number of Channels
Authors: Vikulov A.
Published: October 2022

The assignation a particular channel to an access point in large, distributed IEEE 802.11 networks can present a complex challenge. Although the channel can be assigned automatically by the network controller in some cases based on specified settings, it may require human attention when this is not possible. In order to select a frequency plan, it is necessary to understand the advantages of a particular channel configuration and evaluate the resulting effects of adjacent-channel interference at the design stage. A similar problem may arise during WLAN troubleshooting. In this paper, we consider distributed flat wireless networks as regular structures in plane tessellation and propose a method for finding the best channel configurations for the most efficient channel planning of IEEE 802.11 networks, which take the specifics of spectrum use in these networks into account. In addition, we consider the simplest possible solutions for three- and four- channel frequency plans.
Investigation of an Information Leakage Channel in the Area of Optical Fiber Bending
Authors: Gulakov I. , Zenevich A. , Kochergina O. , Matkovskaia T.
Published: October 2022

An information leakage channel created on the basis of fiber bending when transmitting information over an optical fiber is studied. An increase in the bending diameter of an optical fiber is shown to lead to a decrease in the power of optical radiation proceeding from it. In a bending diameter range from 5 to 20 mm, the highest radiation power was observed for the optical fiber G.655, while the lowest corresponding figure was recorded for G.657. The information leakage channel bandwidth with changed bending diameter is determined for different types of optical fiber. The bandwidth of the information leakage channel is shown to depend on the location of the photodetector used to register optical radiation taken from the bend of the optical fiber.
Statistical Arithmetic Coding Algorithm Adaptive to Correlation Properties of Wavelet Transform Coefficients
Authors: Dvornikov S. , Ustinov A. , Okov I.
Published: October 2022

It is shown that, in order to increase the compression ratio in the course of statistical arithmetic coding, it is necessary to take into account the conditional probabilities of code symbols when the preceding symbols appear. The problem of obtaining the location of the most significant symbols when encoding the current symbol is solved by calculating the autocorrelation function of the encoded symbols. An algorithm for arithmetic coding and decoding is provided, which takes into account the dependencies between the coefficients of the wavelet transform and the results of modeling its operation.
An Analysis of Gender Clauses in Political Parties' Constitutions in Lesotho
Authors: ‘Nyane Hoolo , Rakolobe Mamello
Published: October 2022

To address the global problem of female under-representation in political leadership, several political parties have included gender clauses in their constitutions. However, the crisp question is whether the gender clauses in political parties' constitutions effectively enhance women’s representation in politics. An ancillary question is whether these clauses can guarantee real empowerment for women. This study aims to investigate these questions. The study is qualitative and uses secondary data sourced from legislation and political parties' constitutions. The study’s findings indicate that the gender clauses in the parties` constitutions are ineffective. This is because the political parties are mostly rhetorical about the phenomenon; as a result, the ideals embodied in some of the political constitutions are hardly ever realised in practice. This is partly because the constitutions do not have concrete strategies for ensuring that women hold powerful positions in their internal structures and public services.
Gender-based Violence against Men and Boys: A Hidden Problem
Authors: Richard Mphatheni Mandlenkosi , Edward Mlamla Ntsika
Published: October 2022

The victims of gender-based violence (GBV) are commonly women and girls, but it is undeniable that men and boys are also targeted. It is thus a travesty that males who experience GBV receive less attention than females and that such cases remain hidden. This paper focused on GBV that is directed at men and boys by females. A systematic literature review was conducted, and it was found that male victims of GBV are not given adequate support. The review also revealed that, while society is quick to condemn and publicly denounce male perpetrators of GBV, it does not accord the same attention to females who victimize and abuse men and boys. The authors of this paper recommended support for male victims of GBV as they experience anxiety and trauma to the same degree that females do. It is important that the GBV regulatory framework be reviewed to render it gender neutral.
(K)eine Tragödie von Großmachtpolitik? Interessen und Verhalten der Volksrepublik China im Südchinesischen Meer
Authors: Hermle Frederik
Published: October 2022

China hat durch den Bau und die Militarisierung künstlicher Inseln im Südchinesischen Meer strittige Tatsachen geschaffen. Insbesondere von Seiten der USA wird dieses Verhalten als offensiv und regional-hegemonial charakterisiert, während China das eigene Verhalten anhand defensiver Zielsetzungen rechtfertigt. Basierend auf den theoretischen Prämissen des offensiven Realismus und vor dem Hintergrund der ressourcenbedingten, sicherheits- und geopolitischen Relevanz des Südchinesischen Meers analysiert diese Studie das Verhalten der Volksrepublik in der dortigen Weltregion in den Jahren 2014 – 2015. Das Ergebnis zeigt, dass China durch kalkuliert offensives Verhalten in der Lage ist, die eigene Position im Südchinesischen Meer relativ risikofrei zu stärken, ohne dabei in eine direkte militärische Konfrontation oder gar einen Krieg mit Anrainerstaaten oder den USA zu gelangen.
Cubic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Set and it's Distance Measures
Authors: Saqlain Muhammad
Published: October 2022

To deal with vagueness, falsity, attributive values and inconsistency, we introduce the cubic intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (CIFS-set) which is the extension of the cubic intuitionistic fuzzy set and propose distance measure, Hamming distance, Euclidean distance and separation measures of CIFS-set. Moreover, we present aggregate operator (P-union, R-intersection) of CIFS-sets. The proposed CIFS-set is more reliable, efficient and accurate. In future MCDM and MCGDM techniques can be propoed to deal with real life issues, and also this CIFS-set can be extended for its hybrids.
Dysphonia in Smokers of Combustible Cigarettes and E-cigarettes Measured Using the Filipino Voice Handicap Index
Authors: Dealino Maria Angela , Dela Cruz Anna Pamela
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of dysphonia, defined as any perceived voice pathology, in conventional cigarette smokers and e-cigarette users and to quantify and compare the Filipino Voice Handicap Index (VHI) scores of the two groups based on the mean scores for each of the three domains of this tool, as well as the mean total score for each group.
Methods: 

Design: Cross-sectional study
Setting: Tertiary National University Hospital
Participants: 52 adults between the ages 18-65 with no previously known laryngeal illness or condition were divided into 26 conventional smokers and 26 e-cigarette users and completed the self-administered Filipino Voice Handicap Index.

 
Results: The prevalence of impairment in the sample using a total VHI score cut-off of 18 was 17.31% (9 out of 52, CI 8.23-30.32%) and the prevalence of dysphonic symptoms in the sample was 86.54% (45 out of 52, CI 74.21-94.41%). There were no significant differences between smokers and e-cigarette users for impairment using this cut-off (z: -1.36, p: .07) and dysphonic symptoms (z: 0.4063, p: .68). The prevalence of moderate impairment was 3.85% (1 out of 26, CI: 0.10-19.64%) among those using e-cigarettes; and 1.92% (1 out of 52, CI: 0.04-10.26%) among the entire sample population.
Conclusion: There appears to be no statistically significant difference between the Filipino VHI scores of conventional smokers and e-cigarette users. Further inquiry into the subject would benefit from a larger sample size, comparison with a control group, inclusion of other factors relevant to the development of dysphonia, and correlation with objective means for voice analysis.
Kepemilikan Harta Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Jamaludin Jamaludin
Published: October 2022

Allah swt sangat menyukai para pekerja keras atau orang yang gigih dalam mencari harta untuk kepentingan akhirat, bahkan Allah SWT tekankan dalam Surah at-taubah ayah 10. Dan Katakanlah: "Bekerjalah kamu, Maka Allah dan Rasul-Nya serta orang-orang mukmin akan melihat pekerjaanmu itu, dan kamu akan dikembalikan kepada (Allah) yang mengetahui akan yang ghaib dan yang nyata, lalu diberitakan-Nya kepada kamu apa yang telah kamu kerjakan. Bahkan para sahabat Rasulullah SAW adalah para orang kaya yang memiliki harta untuk kemajuan dan perkembangan Islam pada saat itu, contoh yang sangat nyata adalah Sahabat Abu Bakar, Abdurrah bin ‘auf, Utsman bin Affan dan Istri Rasulullah SAW adalah pengusaha besar yaitu Siti Khadijah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sejauh mana pengkajian Islam terhadap kepemilikan harta. Metode penelitian ini adalah Deskriftif kualitatif dengan studi pustaka, dengan metode pengkajian terhadap dalil alquran serta hadist-hadist,serta pendapat dari hasil penelitian terdahulu.  Hasil Penelitian menunjukan Mereka para sahabat mencari harta dan memilikinya sebanyak-banyaknya kemudian setelah itu mereka mendistribusikan harta nya melalui ZISWAF, maka wajib dan harus bagi kaum muslimin mencari dan memiliki harta untuk kepentingan dunia dan akhirat dan kepentingan umat Islam dan bekal di akhirat Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kepemilikan harta dalam Islam sangat penting sekali karena sebagai sarana keberlangsungan kehidupan dan sebagai wadah mencari tabungan untuk kehidupan ukhrawi nanti, karena memang sesungguhnya kepemilikan harta dalam Islam bukan hanya terfokus ke hal duniawi sahaja, tapi ada 2 unsur yang selalu disertakan yaitu untuk kepentingan duniawi dan ukhrawi.
Kepastian Hukum Terkait Pentingnya Melakukan Perjanjian Tertulis Dalam Bertransaksi
Authors: Handriani Aan , Mulyanto Edy
Published: October 2022

Tujuan  dilakukannya perjanjian  ialah  menjadi  dasar  penyelesaian  jika  muncul  persoalan  pada  kemudian  hari  supaya  para  pihak  terlindungi, menerima kepastian hukum, serta keadilan. Perjanjian  tertulis  merupakan  dasar  bagi  para  pihak  buat  melakukan  suatu  penuntutan  jika  salah  satu  pihak  tak melaksanakan apa  yang  sudah  diperjanjikan  pada  suatu  perjanjian. Metode  yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini ialah metode normatif, yaitu memfokuskan  penelitian terhadap prisnsip-prinsip hukum dan  menelaah serta meneliti peraturan-peraturan yang tertulis. Sesuai hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan yakni, Perjanjian tertulis mempunyai kekuatan hukum buat menyatakan seseorang  melakukan wanprestasi, jika perjanjian tertulis tersebut disangkal atau tidak diakui oleh pihak yang diduga melakukan wanprestasi, perjanjian tertulis tersebut sudah memiliki kekuatan hukum buat menyatakan seseorang melakukan wanprestasi, serta memiliki kepastian hukum buat dapat mengajukan suatu tuntutan di muka pengadilan. Pemenuhan hak serta kewajiban  sesuai kesepakatan para pihak pada perjanjian atau kontrak yg merupakan bentuk perlindungan hukum atas hak para pihak, sesuai kesepakatan  pada perjanjian atau kontrak mempunyai kekuatan  mengikat buat ditaati.
Penerapan Kebijakan Pengampunan Pajak Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Negara Berdasarkan Undang-Undang No 11 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pengampunan Pajak
Authors: Herry Ny. Ayni Suwarni , Rosini Nanik Ida , Sari Nurul Lita
Published: October 2022

Hal yang terpenting yang dijadikan sebagai sumber pendapatan negara adalah sektor pajak yang  dalam proses pemungutan selalu terdapat faktor penghambat. Di satu sisi yang menjadi faktor penghambat yang dapat dibilang sebagai faktor yang mengancam dalam sektor perpajakan yaitu adanya bentuk perlawanan dari pihak wajib pajak. Dengan Adanya amnesti pajak yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk menjadikan upaya efektif dan efisien dalam pemasukan negara dibidang perpajakan dan dapat menghasilkan lagi penghasilan Masyarakat di Indonesia yang terdapat di wilayah luar. Kali ini dalam rangka sebagai bentuk reformasi pajak, salah satu agenda pemerintah adalah untuk menerapkan pengampunan pajak atau pajak amnesti yang diharapkan untuk memperluas basis data wajib pajak baik individu dan entitas dan diperkirakan akan meningkat di negara sektor pajak penghasilan , terutama untuk masa depan.Tujuan utama dalam artikel ini yaitu untuk mengkaji penerapan adanya amnesti pajak dengan peningkatan penerimaan Negara disektor pajak yang berdasarkan Undang-undang No. 11 tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak. Dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, data penelitian menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder, serta analisis datanya menggunaan deskripsi kualitatif.
Eksistensi Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) Kota Tangerang Selatan Dalam Melakukan Perlindungan Terhadap Hak-Hak Konsumen Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Prayitno Isnu Harjo , Jarkasih Puji Iman , Pahlawan MP H Muhamad Rezky
Published: October 2022

Muncul Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen yang bertujuan untuk melindungi akan hak-hak konsumen. Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) merupakan sebuah lembaga alternatif penyelesaian sengketa (Alternatif Dispute Resolution) yang keberadaannya untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan sengketa konsumen. Di Tangerang Selatan sebagai wilayah perkotaan dengan mayoritas masyarakat urban sangat berpotensi timbulnya permasalahan sengketa konsumen. BPSK yang dibentuk diwilayah kabupaten/kota di Indonesia mendasarkan kepada amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Kemudian diperkuat dengan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 58 Tahun 2001 tentang Pembinaan dan Pengawasan Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Konsumen, Keputusan Presiden No.38 Tahun 2012 tentang Pembentukan Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen Pada Kabupaten Sragen, Kabupaten Boyolali, Kabupaten Grobogan, Kota Probolinggo dan Kota Tangerang Selatan serta Keputusan Menteri Perdagangan No.350/MPP/KEP/12/2001 tentang Pelaksanaan Tugas Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen. Penelitian ini bermaksud  mengidentifikasi   kedudukan   BPSK di Tangerang Selatan dalam Sistem Penyelesaian Sengketa berdasarkan hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia dalam upayanya melakukan perlindungan hak-hak konsumen di Tangerang Selatan beserta tantangannya.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pasal 29 UU KUP No 6 Tahun 1983 Jo UU 16 Tahun 2009 Atas Kewenangan Pemeriksa Pajak
Authors: Soewita Samuel
Published: October 2022

Dalam rangka pembangunan nasional yang berkelanjutan, pajak merupakan salah satu sumber pendapatan negara. Dengan berlakunya Ketentuan Umum Undang-Undang Perpajakan (KUP), semua aturan perpajakan diatur dalam UU KUP. Pasal 29  UU KUP merupakan pasal yang memberi kwenangan atas pemeriksaan pajak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode  Yuridis Empiris, dengan Data Primer dan Data Sekunder, memakai analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Fungsi pemeriksa antara pemeriksa pajak dan pemeriksa BPKP dan Pasal 29 UU KUP menjadi pasal yang disalahgunakan oknum pajak. Maka pasal 29 UU KUP perlu diubah atau dihapus, dan diperlukan pemisahan wewenang antara pemeriksa pajak oleh BPKP dan penerbit sanksi oleh Dirjen Pajak agar tidak dimanfaatkan oleh Petugas Pajak yang menyalahgunakan kewenangannya sehingga mengakibatkan  Korupsi.
Tinjauan Mengenai Persaingan Usaha Antar Bank Dalam Penyaluran Kredit
Authors: Rusdianto Edi
Published: October 2022

Persaingan antar bank khususnya dalam penyaluran kredit antara Bank Umum dengan BPR dapat  menimbulkan  persaingan  usaha  tidak  sehat,  mengingat  kemampuan  permodalan Bank  umum  jauh  diatas  BPR  yang  membawa  dampak  timbulnya  kerugian  bagi  BPR. Persaingan usaha tidak dapat  dihindari baik Bank Umum dan Bank Umum maupun  Bank Umum dengan  Bank  Perkreditan Rakyat.  Permasalahan  persaingan  usaha  antar  bank  bisa terjadi   karena   masalah   lokasi,   produk,   jenis   usaha   dan   pangsa   pasar.   Penelitian   ini memfokuskan  mengenai  permasalahan  apa  yang  menjadi  penyebab  timbulnya  persaingan usaha  tersebut.  Metode  penelitian  dalam  penulisan  ini  dipergunakan  metode  pendekatan yuridis empiris dan didukung penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hal-hal   yang   dapat   menyebabkan   Persaingan   Usaha   Tidak   Sehat   Antar   Bank   dapat disebabkan   karena   adanya   perbedaan   suku   bunga,   produk   bank   serta   pelayanan   dan jaringan kantor bank sedangkan persaingan usaha   antara BPR dengan Bank Umum terjadi pada   jenis   kredit   yang   disalurkan   kepada   UMKM   dan   ekspansi   Bank   Umum   dengan membuka Kantor Cabang di wilayah operasional BPR dipinggir kota merupakan persaingan usaha  tidak  sehat  solusinya  dengan  adanya  Undang-Undang  No  5  tahun  1999  bertujuan antara lain untuk mewujudkan iklim yang kondusif pengaturan persaingan usaha yang sehat sehingga  menjamin  adanya  kepastian  kesempatan  berusaha  yang  sama  bagi  pelaku  usaha besar, pelaku usaha menengah dan pelaku usaha kecil.
Kajian Hukum Agraria Dalam Perencanaan Badan Hukum Paguyuban di Desa Ciburayut
Authors: Eliana Eliana
Published: October 2022

Masyarakat di Desa Ciburayut dalam wilayah Kecamatan Cigombong Kabupaten Bogor, memiliki budaya adat istiadat sunda dengan tipologi pesawahan mata pencaharian sebagai besar penduduknya adalah petani, memiliki persoalan kebersihan dan air bersih bila memasuki musim kemarau, semnetara dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya masyarakat mengandalkan air bersih dari mata air yang mengalir dari Gunung. Perencanaan Paguyuban Badan Hukum Di Desa Ciburayut akan mengaktifkan bekerjanya hukum dalam masyarakat karena melibatkan beberapa unsur atau aspek yang saling memiliki keterkaitan sebagai suatu sistem seperti aspek lembaga pembuatan hukum (law making institutions), lembaga penerapan sanksi, pemegang peran (role occupant) serta kekuatan sosial personal, budaya hukum serta unsur-unsur umpan balik dari proses bekerjanya hukum yang sedang berjalan, Konservasi Sumber Daya Air untuk menjaga kelangsungan keberadaan, daya dukung, daya tampung, dan fungsi Sumber Daya Air sebagaimana ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2019 Tentang Sumber Daya Air  Pasal 24 dilakukan Pemerintah Pusat dan/atau Pemerintah Daerah sesuai dengan kewenangannya berdasarkan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan, konservasi sumber daya air dilakukan mengacu pada rencana pengelolaan sumber daya air melalui kegiatan pelindungan dan pelestarian Sumber Air, pengawetan Air, pengelolaan kualitas Air dan pengendalian pencemaran Air.
Problematika Pemberlakuan Hukuman Mati Terhadap Bandar Narkoba di Indonesia
Authors: Oktaviyanti Ary
Published: October 2022

Di Indonesia untuk menentukan pemidanaan suatu kejahatan diatur dalam hukum pidana. Tujuan pemidanaan  agar dapat menjamin pelaku pidana mendapat hukuman yang setimpal dan dapat mengurangi kejahatan.hukuman mati termasuk dalam hukuman pokok yang dianggap sebagai bagian hukum positif di Indonesia. Secara hukum, penerapan pidana mati didasari oleh putusan hakim yang sudah memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap. hukuman mati bagi pengedar narkoba merupakan hukuman yang paling berat  yang berujung dengan kematian dengan harapan ada efek jera terhadap pelaku kejahatan ini. Penerapan pidana mati sudah diatur didalam KUHP, dan peraturan perundang-undangan lain. ancaman pidana berkaitan dengan pidana mati dalam hukum Indonesia merupakan persoalan yang sensitif tindakan aparat penegak hukum dalam menjalankan fungsinya seringkali bersinggungan dengan hak asasi manusia, namun hal tersebut diperbaiki dengan adanya prosedur pelaksanaan tatacara eksekusi hukuman mati yang sesuai sehingga mengurangi pro dan kontra dan Indonesia telah menangani  sejumlah kasus pidana mati terhadap penyalah gunaan dan pengedar  narkoba yang diatur didalan UU no 35 tahun 2009.
Peralihan Kewenangan Bank Indonesia Kepada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Berdasarkan Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Peristiwi Rejeki Henlia
Published: October 2022

Tata Cara Pengalihan Pengawasan Perbankan dari Bank Indonesia kepada Pengawas di Sektor Jasa Keuangan, yaitu Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Prasarana, anggaran, personel, struktur organisasi, sistem informasi, sistem informasi, dll. Langkah-langkah berikut dilakukan sesuai aturan. Selain itu, aturan tersebut digunakan sebagai instrumen hukum dari Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Kemudian dalam penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai 1) Bagaimanakah kendala-kendala peralihan kewenangan Bank Indonesia kepada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dalam pengaturan dan peninjauan industri keuangan di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Jo Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 2004 tentang Bank Indonesia? 2)Bagaimanakah peralihan kewenangan Bank Indonesia kepada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dalam pengaturan dan pengawasan industri keuangan di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Jo Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 2004 tentang Bank Indonesia? Dalam pada penelaahan akan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif.
Pelaksanaan Hak dan Kewajiban Warga Negara Indonesia di Dalam Bidang Pendidikan Tinjauan Dari Pasal 31 Undang-undang Dasar Tahun 1945
Authors: Rahmani Imma
Published: October 2022

Tugas yang sangat penting sebelum dan sesudah amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 (UUDNRI 1945) tentang perwuju dan hak atas pendidikan. Kesadaran dan konsistensi tersebut termaktub dalam konstitusi menunjukan bahwa hal tersebut telah menjadi perhatian para Founding Fathers bangsa sejak awal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini membahas mengenai warga negara memperoleh hak dan kewajiban di bidang pendidikan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang terdapat dalam Pasal 31 UUD 1945 dan juga mengenai warga negara telah memenuhi hak dan kewajibannya di bidang pendidikan. Metode penelitian normatif, dirancang untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang sistem pendidikan beserta aturan dan normanya serta penerapan materi hukum utama yaitu UUD 1945, Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia, Peraturan Perundang-undangan 2003. Nomor 20 Tahun 2000 tentang Sistem pendidikan Nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perjalanan pembangunan bangsa, pemenuhan hak atas pendidikan masih menghadapi permasalahan yang sangat serius. Pertanyaan yang dihadapi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung adalah betapa sulitnya mendapatkan pendidikan di berbagai daerah di Indonesia.
Deceptive evidence: The experience of product market definition for the purpose of competition law enforcement
Authors: Shastitko Andrey E. , Markova Olga A. , Morozov Anton N.
Published: October 2022

Could identical goods sold by the same company on the same territory and at the same time be attributed to different product markets? In our paper we take a closer look at the case of the wrought-steel wheel industry, which became the subject of an antitrust investigation initiated by the FAS Russia in 2020. During a shortage, one of the largest wrought-steel wheel producers sold small batches of wheels to minor buyers at relatively high prices compared to the industry average. FAS Russia assumed this price difference to be evidence for abuse of market power. In contrast to FAS Russia’s conclusions, we suggest that wrought-steel wheels sold to major and minor buyers constitute at least two separate markets. To test this hypothesis, we define a relevant product market employing a price correlation analysis. To conduct robustness check we also provide a stationarity test on the log price ratio and a cointegration test which fall within the results of correlation analysis. As consumers actually did engage in side transactions, the revealed price difference is not related to price discrimination. We explain this price difference using the new institutional economics, assuming that goods sold to a large buyer do possess special transaction characteristics which do not meet the characteristics of the batches consumed by minor buyers. Another explanation is differences in bargaining power between large and minor buyers. Our result shows that there can be identified at least two wrought-steel wheel product markets: one with Russian Railways as the main buyer and the second one with smaller undertakings.
Oil markets between Scylla of recovery and Charybdis of climate policy
Authors: Grigoryev Leonid M. , Kheifets Ekaterina A.
Published: October 2022

In 2020 the energy transition path was distorted by the COVID-19 pandemic which caused a sharp economic decline and a fast global recovery in 2021. Unlike that period, the years between 2001 and 2019 illustrated a different type of energy evolution for developed and developing countries regarding primary energy consumption. During this period the composition of energy balances of these two major groups demonstrated dramatic disparity, notably marked by the high share of coal in developing countries. The shock of 2020 led to a belief in expediting the transition to green energy, but in 2021 the economic recovery revived demand for oil and coal, dashing hopes for the growing renewable energy sources sector in the European Union that year. The return of coal, however, to the EU energy sector and stable demand for motor fuel globally led to the restoration of the GHG emission growth against the backdrop of the climate policy implementation failure. The current energy transition is denoted by features such as the flat oil demand in developed countries, the flat global demand for motor gasoline and the growing demand for diesel. The econometrics of demand for two motor oil products are quite opposite. For gasoline we have almost all hypotheses met: the negative influence of climate policy and oil prices, strong effect of dummies for shock of 2020 and 2021, and naturally 0.3 coefficient at GDP growth rate. Nevertheless, for diesel everything is exactly the opposite — only 0,4 coefficient at GDP and practically nothing else. This effect shows the strong role and trend for cargo use of diesel fueled trucks in the global economy. The high income of oil and gas majors in 2021 did not secure the investment upturn. A mature oil industry receives substantial profits for its investors, supplying dividends, and buying back debts without enlarging production capacities. At this point climate policy expectations of phasing out fossil fuels in the foreseeable future operated as a braking mechanism against reinvesting oil incomes. Moreover, at this junction we can observe governments’ limited capacity to pursue policies toward multiple objectives simultaneously: modest energy prices, energy transition and securing the sufficient capital formation for energy. The continued fusion of the economic upturn and energy transition will be dependent on demand and supply matching in the oil markets. It is also possible that the sanctions policies of 2022 may aggravate the situation, triggering high prices and uncertainties.
Fighting Against Risks and Uncertainties
Authors: Shen Wenqin , Chai Yilin , Gu Feifei , Zhang Kun , Feng Jing , Liu Xueting , Mo Ziyou
Published: October 2022

Building on a theoretical model of decision-making under risk and uncertainty, this paper examines how Chinese college students made decisions about international moblity or immobility during the Covid 19 pandemic. The paper finds that among the 118 interviewees, most continued to choose to study abroad, whilst some gave up after getting offers from prestigious Western universities. We further analysed the divergent patterns of two choices which can be explained by resilience to risks and uncertainties and lack of thereof. For those who have given up studying abroad, the symbolic capital and labor market advantages brought by degrees (especially master degrees) from Western universities have become uncertain and offset by the risk of the epidemic. These findings suggest that, in addition to safety, college students will prefer certainty more than before when choosing whether to go abroad and the study abroad landscape may change based on this mindset.
Reading Fraud from the Gaze Theory: The Gaze and Anti-Gaze in Anna Durrant
Authors: Chen Qing man
Published: October 2022

The loneliness and isolation experienced by older women have frequently been the focus of Brookner's writing. Fraud, one of her typical novels, provided a provocative perspective on age and gender. In light of a number of previous studies, this article aims to contribute to the study of feminist fiction that focuses on older women and to encourage more academic inquiry and study in this area. Based on the method of literature research and detailed reading of Fraud, the essay demonstrated the dual gaze that Anna, the protagonist of Fraud, experienced from both sexes, particularly from her mother and Lawrence Halliday, in accordance with the gaze theory. The gaze showed exterior control in Anna as well as how she internalized those gaze and molded herself into the object of others’ sight. Though she was observed by others and lived by their expectations for half of her life, Anna "counter-gazed" the overall look in her own unique way. She was liberated from the ongoing fraud thanks to her anorexia, dreams, straight look, and clothing design. Finally, the once-submissive Anna developed into an independent woman, speaking up forcefully for women to follow their own aspirations. By examining the gaze and anti-gaze that Anna experienced, the essay empowers all older women to recognize that new routes are open to them and inspires all women to confront the oppressive gaze and live their lives to the fullest.
Are TED Talks Suitable Materials for Humanities Specialized Vocabulary Learning?
Authors: Zhang Xiaotong
Published: October 2022

Previous studies have revealed the pedological significance of TED talks for academic vocabulary learning. However, their suitability as learning materials for humanities students remains unclear. This study will use a corpus-based method to investigate whether TED talks are appropriate materials for humanities students to learn specialized spoken vocabulary. A Humanities TED talks Corpus (HTTC) and five sub-corpora of different subjects are developed as research objects. The coverage of three wordlists over the HTTC and sub-corpora is analysed and compared, including Academic Word List (AWL), Academic Spoken Word List (ASWL), and Soft Science Word List (SSWL). Levels 2-4 coverage of ASWL and SSWL is analysed with emphasis because they can better represent academic lexis. An additional corpus of TED Ed is also developed to advance the current investigation. The findings revealed that SSWL had higher coverage (86.2% overall, 8.9% in levels 2-4) than ASWL (85.2% overall, 7.7% in levels 2-4), which suggested that humanities related TED talks can be potential materials for specialized spoken vocabulary learning. The coverage comparison among sub-corpora reported the highest coverage of History, which was discovered due to the large percentage of TED Ed talks, presumably a more technical speech event of TED talks. This study may provide pedological instruction for introducing TED talks as supplementary materials into English for specific academic purpose (ESAP) classes to benefit humanities students’ specialized spoken vocabulary learning.
The Effect of Proactive Personality and Core Self-Evaluation on Work Engagement Mediated by Entrepreneurial Resilience in Start-Up Companies in Greater Jakarta
Authors: icebgc Feby Muhammad Faisal , icebgc Riani Rachmawati
Published: October 2022

Start-ups become a critical sector when the economy in Indonesia experiences a crisis. However, start-ups face challenges in running their business, one of which is human resources. This study aims to analyze the Effect of proactive personality and core self-evaluation on work engagement mediated by entrepreneurial resilience in Start-Up companies in Greater Jakarta. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to 150 respondents with 45 statements. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. The results show that proactive personality and core self-evaluation positively and significantly affect work engagement and entrepreneurial resilience. The results also show that entrepreneurial resilience positively and significantly affects work engagement. The proactive personality positively influences work engagement, which is mediated by entrepreneurial resilience. Core self-evaluation positively influences work engagement, which is mediated by entrepreneurial resilience.
Keywords: Core self-evaluation; entrepreneurial resilience; proactive personality; work engagement
Determinant Online Purchase Intention: The Role of Cash on Delivery as a Moderator
Authors: icebgc Tria Lestari Nampira , icebgc Chairy
Published: October 2022

Shopping in e-commerce, consumers will have perceived value and perceived risk. Marketers need to understand the value and risk of online purchases to understand online customer behavior. In addition, companies can create clear marketing strategies to influence online purchase intentions and create sustainable online shopping behavior. This study aims to analyze the effect of perceived value, which consists of utilitarian, hedonic, and social values and perceived risk on online purchase intention, where Cash On Delivery service is a moderating variable to analyze strengthens or weakens the effect of the relationship between perceived value and perceived risk on online purchase intention. There are 247 respondents of e-commerce customers in this research object then analyzed using PLS-SEM. Based on the results of this study, it is known that COD moderates the effect of perceived risk on online purchase intention. Social values ​​have a positive effect on utilitarian & hedonic values, utilitarian and hedonic values ​​mediate the influence of social values ​​on online purchase intentions.
Keywords: Online purchase intention; cash on delivery; perceived value; perceived risk, e-commerce
Higher Education Institutes Customer Satisfaction: Big Data Evidence From Online Textual Reviews in Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur
Authors: icebgc Rianmahardhika Sahid Budiharseno , icebgc Fadhel Husien , icebgc Daffa Faadihilah Suntari Putra
Published: October 2022

Universities that offer higher education have become very popular among students who desire to advance their education, both for state and private universities that have a good reputation. The key to gaining a reputation as a "top tier" higher education institution is for universities to compete for educating better students as well as the quality of education itself, thus ensuring student satisfaction is a priority. To understand the attributes of higher education institutes services in Indonesia, this study analyses big data in the online reviews in Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, as taken in Google Maps Review. Content analysis was conducted using the word frequency analysis to reveal the main themes of universities services quality. Critical incident method was conducted to examine the antecedents and outcomes of students’ satisfaction. The results of this study will assist decision-makers in higher education institutions in understanding student satisfaction.
Keywords: Big data; satisfaction; text mining; higher education institute; online review.
Analysis of Unused Leave Due to the Influence of Theory Social Cognitive and Self Efficacy in PT Pertamina Gas
Authors: icebgc Alexander Siburian , icebgc Manerep Pasaribu
Published: October 2022

Leave is one of the company's non-financial compensations to maintain or improve employee performance. Leave plays a role in maintaining the health and welfare of workers, an anomaly that occurs is that several employees of PT PERTAMINA GAS do not use Leave quota fully. The influence of self-efficacy and social cognitive theory such as example from negative perpective such as causing negative perceptions after returning from Leave did not cause calm/relaxation, causing a waste of savings on the other hand, there is also a positive perspective. Leave should be used as it affects their health and well-being.
Keywords: Leave; Self Efficacy; Compensation
PENGARUH PRICE DISCOUNT DAN STORE ATMOSPHERE TERHADAP EMOTIONAL SHOPPING DAN IMPULSE BUYING (Survei pada Konsumen Hypermart Grand Mall di Surakarta)
Authors: Apriliyani Ria , Rahadhini Marjam Desma , Susanti Retno
Published: October 2022

Hypermart Grand Mall Surakarta is one of the retail stores in Surakarta. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain the effect of price discount and store atmosphere on emotional shopping and impulse buying, the indirect effect of price discount on impulse buying through emotional shopping, and the indirect effect of store atmosphere on impulse buying through emotional shopping. This type of research is a survey method conducted at the Grand Mall Surakarta Hypermart. Data sources are primary and secondary data. The research population was all consumers who had made a purchase at the Hypermart Mall Grand Surakarta. The sampling technique uses non-probability techniques with a purposive sampling method of 110 respondents. The analysis technique uses the analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Validity test uses confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability testing uses the cronbach's alpha value. The results show that price discount affects emotional shopping, store atmosphere influences emotional shopping, price discount effect on impulse buying, store atmosphere has an effect on impulse buying, emotional shopping has an impact on impulse buying, price discount indirect effect on impulse buying through emotional shopping, and store atmosphere indirect effect on impulse buying through emotional shopping.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMILIHAN KONTRASEPSI RASIONAL
Authors: Fitrianti Ayu , Dewi Ratna , Yanniarti Sri
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Based on the 2017 IDHS, contraceptive use in Indonesia is (64%) including modern contraceptive methods (57%) and traditional contraceptive methods (6%). The aim of this study was to find out the factors related to the selection of rational contraception in the Jalan Gedang Community Health Center Area. This type of research was analytical with a quantitative approach using a cross sectional design. Sampling was done by accidental sampling technique, which amounted to 91 where the sample in the study were all family planning acceptors in the Jalan Gedang Community Health Center in Bengkulu City.This study used Chi square statistical test with computerized system significance level p <0.05 where the results of the study stated that the variables related to the selection of rational contraception were knowledge p = 0.048 and acceptor attitudes p = 0.015, while unrelated variables were husband's support p = 0.981, the role of health workers p = 0.166, and information sources p = 0.078. The factor most associated with the choice of rational contraception is the attitude of the acceptor with the Exp value (B) = 4,275.Health services are expected to provide counseling and motivation especially the attitude of acceptors to the selection of contraception in order to build awareness that rational contraceptive choices are the right choice, and increase knowledge by disseminating information through counseling, so that knowledge of family planning acceptors can increase.Keywords: Rational, knowledge, husband's support, the role of health workers, acceptors' attitudes, information sources
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SARI BUAH JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava Linn.) TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA MENCIT BALB/c
Authors: Yosa Tanzillah Hame Peina , Kusdalinah Kusdalinah , Rizal Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Abstract : Diabetes mellitus is caused by insulin resistance is disrupted so that the hormone sensitive lipase in adipose tissue will become active and lipolysis is increased, Psidium guajava is known to have a hypertriglyceride effect that can be useful. This study aims to determine the effect of Psidium guajava juice on triglyceride levels of BALB / c mice in induction of sucrose load. The research type is true-experiment with pretest-posttest with control group design. This research was conducted with 20 BALB / c mice which were given 10% sucrose for 15 days. The intervention was Psidium guajava with three dose variations: 0.25 ml / 20gBB, 0,50 ml / 20gBB and 1.00 ml / gBB for 7 days. Data analysis using one-way ANOVA test followed by post-hoc LSD test. The results showed that there were significant differences between treatment group X1 and treatment group X3. A significant decrease in triglyceride levels was found in the dose group of 1.00 ml/20 gBB with the dose group 0,25 ml/20gBB. It is recommended in subsequent research to identify the active compounds contained in Psidium guajava in providing health.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Triglycerides, Psidium guajava.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP KADER POSYANDU DALAM DETEKSI DINI FAKTOR RESIKO KEHAMILAN
Authors: Sari Rany Muspika , Ismiati Ismiati , PS Kurniawati PS Kurniawati
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Early detection of high risk of pregnancy can reduce maternal mortality. The introduction of risk factors in pregnant women is carried out proactively by health workers or trained personnel in the community such as cadres. Padang Community Health Center has 9 posyandu with the total number of active cadres 43 people, coverage coverage of high risk pregnant women by 2015 cadres is 2 people (2.50%). This study aims to determine the effect of efforts to increase knowledge and attitude of posyandu cadres in early detection of pregnancy risk factors. This research uses quasy experimental method with one group pre-post test design. The sample of this research is all posyandu cadres in working area of Padang Serai Community Health Center is 43 people. The result of bivariate analysis with paired t-test showed significant difference of knowledge and attitude of respondent before and after intervention. Ie on pretest-posttest1 knowledge p = 0.000 <0.05, pretest-posttest2 p = 0,000 <0.05, on posttest-posttest2 p = 0.007 <0.05. On the attitude of pretest-posttest1 value p = 0.000 <0,05, pretest-posttest2 p = 0,000 <0,05, on posttest-posttest2 p = 0.000 <0,05, indicate that there is influence of effort to increase knowledge and attitude of posyandu cadre in detection Early pregnancy risk factors.Keywords : knowledge, attitudes, early detection of risk factors for pregnancy.
PERAWATAN PERSALINAN DAN NIFAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF IBU DISUKU REJANG DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKEMAS SEMELAKO, KABUPATEN LEBONG, PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Fitria Kheli , Wati Widya , DW Sumarni
Published: October 2022

Latar belakang: Suku Rejang masih menitik beratkan perhatiannya pada berbagai aspek kritis kehidupan sehingga terdapat ritual adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran pengalaman ibu melakukan perawatan persalinan dan masa nifas dalam perspektif budaya Suku Rejang.
Metode: Menggunakan rancangan kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan observasi pada 4 orang partisipan yang diambil secara purposive samplingdi desa Semelako I, Semelako II, Semelako III dan Semelako Atas.Tehnik analisis data menurut Colaizzi. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode.
Hasil: Tema utama: (1) persepsi ibu tentang persalinan dan nifas; (2) ritual budaya saat persalinan dan nifas serta  alasan ibu melakukannya; (3) pemilihan tempat dan penolong persalinan; (4) dukungan keluarga saat persalinan dan nifas.
Kesimpulan: Peristiwa persalinan dan nifas merupakan suatu fenomena yang normal serta wajar terjadi dalam kehidupan manusia,  namun setiap individu memiliki aneka persepsi dengan berbagai implikasinya terhadap kesehatan. Kepercayaan  yang  mulai luntur terhadap budaya menyebabkan ritual tidak dilaksanakan sepenuhnya,  namun tetap dijalankan karena ibu ingin menghindari perasaan was-was dan tugas tenaga kesehatan untuk menanamkan nilai baru yang memiliki pengaruh positif bagi kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Implikasi Keperawatan: tambahan pengetahuan memahami factor budaya yang mempengaruhi persalinan dan nifas dijadikan dasar penyusunan kebijakan pelayanan KIA berbasis budaya.
PENGARUH NEBULISASI TERHADAP SATURASI OKSIGEN DAN FREKUENSI PERNAPASAN PADA ANAK PRASEKOLAH DENGAN ISPA DI KLINIK PRATAMA ABDI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Prasetyo Rizki Agung , Septiyanti Septiyanti , Idramsyah Idramsyah , Rizal Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) umumnya mempengaruhi penyumbatan sekret pada jalan napas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh nebulisasi terhadap saturasi oksigen dan frekuensi pernafasan pada anak Prasekolah dengan ISPA di Klinik Pratama Abdi Kota Bengkulu. Desainpenelitian ini adalah studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan Cross-Sectional yang menggunakan rancangan pre-test and post-test without control group design.Jumlah seluruh sampel penelitian adalah 30 orang.Teknik sampling adalah Accidental Sampling. Analisis menggunakan wilcoxon pada α < 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nebulisasi terhadap saturasi oksigen (p value = 0,001). Terdapat pengaruh nebulisasi terhadap frekuensi nafas (p value = 0,000). Pada penelitian ini metode pemberian nebulisasi mampu meningkatkan rerata saturasi oksigen setelah pemberian nebulisasi dan mampu menurunkan rerata frekuensi napas setelah pemberian nebulisasi.