bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kualitas Cetak Raster pada Kemasan Karton Gelombang (Corrugated Box) dengan Teknologi Cetak Fleksografi
Authors: Galingging Rumbel , Ali Ferdiansyah
Published: September 2023

Not many people have seen the flexography printing technique, even though this printing technology can fill the weaknesses of other technologies, especially for printing packaging. There are 4 printing technologies used, including flat printing (offset), deep printing (rotogravure), screen printing (screen printing) and high printing (flexography). Each of these printing techniques has advantages and disadvantages, so that their application is tailored to their needs. Flexography is lagging behind due to the problem of how to make a good flexo plate with a good raster (larger lpi and dpi). These constraints have made not many printers use them, except for those that specialize in printing corrugated boxes such as TV boxes, refrigerators, air conditioners, and others where print quality is not the main issue. In printing corrugated cardboard packaging, the quality of the raster produced is influenced by several factors, including the printing material used to print the corrugated cardboard packaging.

ABSTRAK

Teknik cetak fleksografi belum banyak dilirik orang, padahal teknologi cetak ini dapat mengisi kelemahan teknologi lain terutama untuk mencetak kemasan. Ada 4 teknologi cetak yang digunakan, diantaranya cetak datar (offset), cetak dalam (rotogravure), cetak saring (screen printing) dan cetak tinggi (flexography). Masing-masing teknik cetak ini mempunyai kelebihan dan kekurangan, sehingga penerapannya disesuaikan dengan kebutuhannya. Fleksografi mengalami ketertinggalan dikarenakan kendala bagaimana membuat pelat flekso yang baik dengan raster yang baik pula (lpi dan dpi yang lebih besar). Kendala itulah yang membuat tidak banyak percetakan yang menggunakannya kecuali percetakan dengan spesialisasi mencetak kemasan karton boks (corrugated box) seperti kotak TV, kulkas, AC, dan lainnya dimana kualitas cetaknya tidak terlalu menjadi perihal utama. Dalam mencetak kemasan karton gelombang, kualitas raster yang dihasilkan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya adalah bahan cetak yang digunakan untuk mencetak kemasan karton gelombang tersebut.
Analisis Kehalusan pada Permukaan Kerta SCCB terhadap Fitur Security Image pada Blanko "X"
Authors: Gurning Linda RM , Soelinto  , Wahyudi
Published: September 2023

Printing security documents using special paper that has a high degree of surface smoothness of paper that can receive security design features, also printed with multi printing (offset printing, high printing, screen printing, and etc). Security printing would have a level of sensitivity to the smoothness of the paper surface, the pores of paper and or absorption of the paper itself, in this case can not be separated from their security features designed like microtext, rossetes, guilloche, module, and other features that are used. Focus this research was relationship between basic paper multiplier carbonless types over the chemical, and SCCB paper.

 

ABSTRAK

Pencetakan dokumen security printing selain menggunakan kertas khusus yang memiliki kehalusan permukaan kertas tingkat tinggi dan dapat menerima fitur desain security, juga dicetak dengan menggunakan multi cetak. Security printing tentunya memiliki tingkat sensitifitas terhadap kehalusan kertas, pori-pori kertas dan atau daya serap kertas itu sendiri, dan juga tidak terlepas dari adanya fitur security design seperti microtext, rossetes, guilloche, module, dan fitur-fitur lain yang digunakan. Sehingga menjadi penting untuk mendalami pengaruh tingkat kehalusan kertas SCCB terhadap Security printing. Penelitian ini akan menganalisa tingkat kehalusan kertas SCCB terhadap Security printing. Tingkat sensitifitas terhadap kehalusan kertas, pori pori kertas dan atau daya serap kertas itu sendiri mempengaruhi pada saat pencetakan fitur security . Namun penelitian ini lebih menfokuskan pada keterkaitan antara kehalusan permukaan kertas dasar pengganda tanpa karbon jenis alih kimia (SCCB) terhadap fitur Security printing.
Analisis Food Photography UMKM Mini Dessert Box
Authors: Wulandari  , Alberd Ahmad , Azhar Fahrul
Published: September 2023

With the expansion of the food industry, business owners must become more careful of the photographs that are shared on social media. There are many good food images in composition and viewpoint that may be taken with simply a smartphone. Several brands have come to our attention among the various SME producers to study the images of their food products. The qualitative study method was utilized to examine images of numerous SME brands, particularly those selling dessert boxes, to see how the composition and angle were utilised. When photographing dessert boxes for promotional purposes, this study is expected to serve as a guide for photographers, particularly those who specialize in food photography.
Perancangan Ulang Identitas Visual Kedai Kopi Monotype untuk Membangun Brand Awareness dan Meningkatkan Citra Brand Terhadap Konsumen
Authors: Nurliana Friska , Akbar Agustino
Published: September 2023

Currently the world of coffee in Indonesia is showing a very rapid development. This is evidenced by the proliferation of cafes or stalls selling coffee drinks throughout the archipelago. It is estimated that coffee shop business owners are increasingly competing for customers by serving quality coffee drinks, affordable prices and simpler outlet concepts. To maintain the existence of the proliferation of coffee shops, especially in the East Depok area, Monotype needs a new, strong and consistent visual identity so that it can compete with other competitors who already have a strong and consistent visual identity. From these problems, identification of the visual identity of Kedai Kopi Monotype uses a descriptive approach, namely by interviewing related parties. As a result, this final project uses a Graphic Standard Manual (GSM) which will be applied to supporting media properly and consistently, in accordance with the vision and mission of Monotype Coffee Shop, so that it can become a new visual identity. Also, a new Logo along with a new visual identity design was created with the values of Kedai Kopi Monotype, that is coffee, simple, delicious, and fun.

 

Abstrak

Saat ini dunia perkopian di Indonesia menunjukan perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan menjamurnya kafe atau kedai-kedai penjual minuman dari olahan kopi di seluruh nusantara. Pemilik usaha kedai kopi diperkirakan semakin bersaing memperebutkan pelanggan dengan sajian minuman kopi berkualitas, harga terjangkau dan konsep gerai lebih sederhana. Untuk menjaga eksistensi dari menjamurnya kedai-kedai kopi khususnya pada daerah Depok Timur, Monotype membutuhkan identitas visual baru yang kuat dan konsisten agar dapat bersaing dengan kompetitor lainnya yang sudah terlebih dahulu memiliki identitas visual yang kuat dan konsisten. Dari permasalahan tersebut, penulis merancang identitas visual Kedai Kopi Monotype menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif yaitu dengan cara mewawancarai langsung pihak terkait. Sebagai hasilnya, tugas akhir ini menggunakan Graphic Standard Manual (GSM) yang akan diaplikasikan pada media-media pendukung dengan baik dan konsisten, sesuai dengan visi dan misi Kedai Kopi Monotype, sehingga dapat menjadi identitas visual baru. Juga, Logo baru beserta rancangan identitas visual yang baru dibuat dengan nilai-nilai dari Kedai Kopi Monotype yaitu kopi, sederhana, nikmat, dan asik.
Analisis Pengendalian Cetak Kotor (Scuming) pada Mesin Cetak Offset Gronhi 524 di Percetakan MAU Grafika SMK Negeri 4 Malang
Authors: Galingging Rumbel , Arif Samsul
Published: September 2023

MAU Graphic Printing is an agency engaged in packaging printing. However, to maintain print quality, research efforts are carried out to reduce the problem of scuming, which has not been found to be the cause of the problem. The research on the causes of scuming uses print data collection from observations, and interviews with print operators and technicians involved in the printing production process as well as literature study. Observations were made on a gronhi offset printing machine with specifications of 4 printing units with the same print order material specifications, namely using paper material. The analysis process uses the tree diagram method to find the most dominant cause and to find the technical cause, tree diagrams and cause and effect (fishbone diagrams) are used.

Abstrak

Percetakan MAU Grafika merupakan instansi yang bergerak di bidang percetakan packaging. Namun untuk menjaga kualitas cetak dilakukan upaya penelitian mengurangi masalah cetak kotor/scuming yang belum di temukan faktor penyebabnya. Penelitian penyebab cetak kotor menggunakan pengumpulan data cetakan dari observasi, dan wawancara dengan para operator cetak serta teknisi yang terlibat dalam proses produksi pencetakan serta studi kepustakaan. Observasi di lakukan di mesin cetak offset gronhi dengan spesifikasi 4 unit cetak dengan spesifikasi material order cetak yang sama yaitu menggunakan material kertas. Proses penganalisaannya menggunakan metode diagram pohon untuk mencari penyebab paling dominan dan untuk mencari penyebab teknisnya digunakan diagram pohon dan cause and effect (diagram tulang ikan/fishbone).
Analisis Visual Media Promosi dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Loyalitas Konsumen
Authors: Tri Hudaya Dedy
Published: September 2023

Telkomsel Poin merupakan program retention bagi seluruh pelanggan Telkomsel yang memiliki Poin dari pengisian pulsa, pengisian data maupun pemakaiaan kartu Halo. Telkomsel membuat berbagai macam program loyalty baik yang bersifat bulanan, mingguan maupun thematic. Dalam kesempatan ini Telkomsel Poin membuat program khusus bagi pelanggan yang terpilih menyaksikan ajang balapan MotoGP 2022 yang diselenggarakan di sirkuit Mandalika Lombok. Mekanismenya, pelanggan Telkomsel melakukan redeem Poin di periode tertentu. Layanan Telkomsel di MOTOGP Mandalika meliputi beberapa hal seperti aktivasi layanan 5G, Upgrade atau ganti kartu, Isi ulang pulsa, Telkomsel Orbit, Registrasi Telkomsel Prabayar bagi tamu mancanegara. Media campaign yang dilakukan seperti melalui asset media digital channel, media digital placement, Google. Tujuannya agar bisa mencakup seluruh segmen dengan menggunakan metode story, how, audience, reach and excellence.
Reducing time and potential errors in CPR medications using a CPR calculator in paediatric wards
Authors: Binobaid Saleh , Almeziny Mohammed , Fan Ip-Shing , Almeziny Salem , Almeziny Abdullah
Published: September 2023

Background: The aim is to present an electronic CPR calculator combined with CDSS (clinical decision support system) as a safer and faster method for CPR calculation than manual calculation.
Methods: A group of 70 nurses were randomly selected to calculate a CPR card and then enter the patient data into the CPR calculator. The time needed to complete the calculations and the time needed to enter patient information into the CPR calculator were measured. In addition, the number of medication calculation errors were recorded.
Result: The time to finish the CPR card manually was 00:08:31 minutes and the time to generate the CPR card electronically was 00:01:15. The number of nurses who made errors in manual calculation was 23, the total number of errors was 101. There were no errors with the calculator.
Conclusion: The CPR calculator has provided an accurate (with no errors) and faster way to generate CPR cards compared to the manual method.
COVID-19 a global crisis: Features, complications and suggested treatments
Authors: M. Abo-Elela Mustafa , A. ElKasabgy Nermeen
Published: September 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is the talk of everyone all over the world in 2020 since it has been considered as a public health emergency of international concern by WHO in 30th January, 2020. COVID-19 is a highly transmittable disease with different symptoms which can vary from mild to severe and life threatening. Scientists all over the world are working on finding a treatment or vaccine for this disease. All of these studies are currently not finished yet during writing this review. However, in this review a summary about the current status of these studies is given. This summary includes medicinal plants and natural products, antivirals like remdesivir, favipiravir, oseltamivir and nelfinavir as well as other miscellaneous drugs like chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin which showed promising results in treating COVID-19. In conclusion, the review recommends conducting further investigations worldwide and reporting them in peer-reviewed publications to aid in improving the drugs’ dosing regimens and clinical studies.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Riishøj Søren , Aage Hans
Published: September 2023

Da muren faldt i den 9. november 1989, var der en udbredt tro på historiens død og markedsøkonomiens og det liberale demokratis uafbrydelige fremskridt. National selvstændighed, »indhentning af EU« og »tilbage til Europa« var de store slagord. Der var tro, håb og hurtig transition til kapitalisme, demokrati og velstand som i Vesteuropa.
Demokratisk konsolidering eller overgang til noget andet?
Authors: Riishøj Søren
Published: September 2023

Demokratiseringen efter 1989 fremkaldte et vidt spektrum af traditionelle partier og tillige mere populistiske samt nationalistiske og EU-skeptiske bevægelser. Styreformerne har udviklet sig forskelligt og sammenlignes med forskellige typer af regimer fra det klassiske liberale demokrati til mere autoritære styreformer.
Økonomisk vækst og konvergens i Østeuropa
Authors: Stæhr Karsten
Published: September 2023

Østlandene har siden midten af 1990’erne haft relativt høj, men stærkt fluktuerende BNP-vækst, og indkomstgabet til Vesteuropa er gradvist blevet reduceret. Væksten har dog i betydelig grad været baseret på kapitalindstrømning udefra, og nedgangen efter den global finanskrise i 2008 har blotlagt svagheden ved denne vækstmodel. Østlandenes udfordring er at tilpasse den økonomiske politik, så de opnår en højere trendvækst men også en mere stabil økonomisk udvikling.
Kaliningrad oblast’ – En russisk ø i EU
Authors: Pedersen Jesper Karup
Published: September 2023

Godt og vel 680 km fra København ligger Kaliningrad oblast’, en russisk enklave (eller eksklave, om man vil) med lidt under 950.000 indbyggere. Den har klaret sig bedre, end mange frygtede i 90’rne og først i 00’rne, men dårligere, end andre håbede.
20 års transition i bakspejlet
Authors: Aage Hans
Published: September 2023

Revolutionen i 1989 har givet de østeuropæiske befolkninger frihedsrettigheder, privat ejendomsret og efter en slem depression også økonomisk fremgang med en vis indhentning EU. Uligheden er øget, og der er skabt nye kapitalistiske samfund i forskellige varianter.
Mellem stormagtsinteresser og småstatsidentitet: Dansk diplomati gennem 150 år
Authors: Olesen Mikkel Runge , Wivel Anders
Published: September 2023

Hvordan påvirker de indenrigspolitiske og internationale begrænsninger handlerummet for dansk diplomati, og hvordan har dette handlerum og dets konsekvenser varieret over tid? Med udgangspunkt i den observation, at diplomati udfoldes i et handlerum mellem indenrigspolitiske og internationale rammebetingelser, diskuterer artiklen udviklingen i rammevilkårene for dansk diplomati gennem de seneste 150 år og konsekvenserne af denne udvikling.
Smart stat på afveje? Dansk EU-diplomati mellem indenrigspolitik og europæiske stormagter
Authors: Grøn Caroline Howard , Rogaczewska Natalia Anna
Published: September 2023

En væsentlig del af den diplomatiske praksis udspiller sig i Europa. Forskere har i de senere år påpeget fordelene for især små stater af at følge en såkaldt smart stats-strategi i EU-regi. Denne artikel giver et eksempel på sådan en strategi, samtidig med at den pointerer dens begrænsninger og viser, hvordan uformelle spil kan spilles ud af hænderne på en lille stat. Som case bruges smart regulerings-området, der viser, hvordan et regeringsskift i Danmark og den politiske dagsorden hos særligt én stor allieret påvirkede graden af en smart statsstrategis succes.
Kinas pluralistiske diplomati
Authors: Parello-Plesner Jonas , Andersen Christiane Bjerglund
Published: September 2023

Kinas diplomati har traditionelt været varetaget af Kinas udenrigsministerium, men kombinationen af globalisering og Kinas øgede internationale rolle gør, at en række andre bureakratiske aktører i stigende grad sætter deres fi ngeraftryk. På trods af Kinas autoritære system ser vi ansatser til en bureakratisk pluralisme på udenrigsfronten, der ligner den, som vi kan observere i Vesten. Det har en effekt på Kinas evne til at sende ét klart udenrigspolitisk budskab til omverden.
Rum, neo-marxisme og forandring
Authors: Hansen Anders Lund
Published: September 2023

Denne artikel stiller skarpt på nogle af de fremtrædende neo-marxistiske teoretikere, der de seneste årtier har bidraget til vores forståelse af samfundet, den politiske økonomi, nye sociale bevægelser og rummet.
Lessons to Be Learned from Ukraine’s Positioning in International Rankings: The Need for Institutional Support and Financial Support for Economic Creativity
Authors:   Higher Vocational School Memorial of Prof. Stanislaw Tarnowski in Tarnobrzeg, Poland, Britchenko Igor , Svydruk Irena ,   Lviv Trade and Economic University, Lviv, Ukraine, Pidlypnyi Yurii , Krupskyi Oleksandr P. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To develop proposals on the directions of institutional support for the processes of creativity of the Ukrainian economy. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis of trends in the creativity of the Ukrainian economy is carried out and proposals are developed for conceptualizing institutional support for these processes. The authors set out to develop proposals for institutional support for creativity processes and offer recommendations for systematic updating of Ukrainian legislation in the areas of state regulation of high-tech business. The information base was the information materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine, the statistical databases of the European Commission, OECD and World Bank for the period 2014–2020. The research methodology is based on scientific tools that include comparative analysis and economic and mathematical modeling. Findings: Building a national program of public investment in creative development will allow us to systematically approach the issue of institutional support for technological breakthroughs. Research limitations/implications: Recommendations on the development and improvement of legislative instruments of deregulatory policy, harmonization with European standards are substantiated. Directions of systematic updating of legislation on guaranteeing foreign investment of creative projects and targeted investment of joint research projects of academic science and creative organizations are proposed. The implementation will allow a systematic approach to the issue of institutional support for the technological breakthrough of Ukraine. Originality/value: There is a need to step up institutional activities in the field of organizing research centers, introduce targeted investment in the academic science and research activity of creative organizations.
The Influence of the Evolution of Economic Activity in the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance on the Emergence of the Dualistic Concept in Accounting
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Turyna Jan
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the basic assumptions of double accounting were created by the same premises that contributed to the revival of humanistic trends in Europe in the 13th–14th centuries, especially in the socio-economic sphere. Approach: This is a historical overview of the section of the literature devoted to the rise and evolution of double entry accounting. The study is the result of research and literature studies, based on Polish and foreign sources. Conclusions: It can be stated with full conviction that accounting as we know it today is a product of the end of the Middle Ages, and especially of the early period of the Italian Renaissance in Italy. The preserved documents show that the accounting based on double entry, in the period of the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries, was shaped in several stages. First, it covered receivables and liabilities, initially by banks, then by other companies, and then, other assets were entered twice: goods, cash and liabilities. The use of equity in accounting led to the inclusion of result events in the accounting records. At this point, the entity’s accounting became a closed system as we know it today. Limitations: Taking into account a large number of – especially foreign-language – source materials on the origin of accounting, only a small part of these sources were analyzed and cited during the preparation of the article. It seems that the topic is worth further research and literature studies. Practical implications: The study is primarily epistemological in nature, not focused on economic practice. Originality: It is one of the few studies in accounting in Poland devoted to the origins of accounting based on double entry and its evolution as a result of economic development in Europe in the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance.
SIRT2 inhibition protects against cardiac hypertrophy and ischemic injury
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Chang Hsiang-Chun , Tatekoshi Yuki , Mahmoodzadeh Amir , Balibegloo Maryam , Najafi Zeinab , Wu Rongxue , Chen Chunlei , Sato Tatsuya , Shapiro Jason , Ardehali Hossein
Published: September 2023

Sirtuins (SIRT) exhibit deacetylation or ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and regulate a wide range of cellular processes in the nucleus, mitochondria, and cytoplasm. The role of the only sirtuin that resides in the cytoplasm, SIRT2, in the development of ischemic injury and cardiac hypertrophy is not known. In this paper, we show that the hearts of mice with deletion of Sirt2 (Sirt2-/-) display improved cardiac function after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and pressure overload (PO), suggesting that SIRT2 exerts maladaptive effects in the heart in response to stress. Similar results were obtained in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific Sirt2 deletion. Mechanistic studies suggest that SIRT2 modulates cellular levels and activity of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), which results in reduced expression of antioxidant proteins. Deletion of Nrf2 in the hearts of Sirt2-/- mice reversed protection after PO. Finally, treatment of mouse hearts with a specific SIRT2 inhibitor reduced cardiac size and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in response to PO. These data indicate that SIRT2 has detrimental effects in the heart and plays a role in cardiac response to injury and the progression of cardiac hypertrophy, which makes this protein a unique member of the SIRT family. Additionally, our studies provide a novel approach for treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and injury by targeting SIRT2 pharmacologically, providing a novel avenue for the treatment of these disorders.
An unexpected role of neutrophils in clearing apoptotic hepatocytes in vivo
Authors: Cao Luyang , Ma Lixiang , Zhao Juan , Wang Xiangyu , Fang Xinzou , Li Wei , Qi Yawen , Tang Yingkui , Liu Jieya , Peng Shengxian , Yang Li , Zhou Liangxue , Li Li , Hu Xiaobo , Ji Yuan , Hou Yingyong , Zhao Yi , Zhang Xianming , Zhao You-yang , Zhao Yong , Wei Yuquan , Malik Asrar B , Saiyin Hexige , Xu Jingsong
Published: September 2023

Billions of apoptotic cells are removed daily in a human adult by professional phagocytes (e.g. macrophages) and neighboring nonprofessional phagocytes (e.g. stromal cells). Despite being a type of professional phagocyte, neutrophils are thought to be excluded from apoptotic sites to avoid tissue inflammation. Here, we report a fundamental and unexpected role of neutrophils as the predominant phagocyte responsible for the clearance of apoptotic hepatic cells in the steady state. In contrast to the engulfment of dead cells by macrophages, neutrophils burrowed directly into apoptotic hepatocytes, a process we term perforocytosis, and ingested the effete cells from the inside. The depletion of neutrophils caused defective removal of apoptotic bodies, induced tissue injury in the mouse liver, and led to the generation of autoantibodies. Human autoimmune liver disease showed similar defects in the neutrophil-mediated clearance of apoptotic hepatic cells. Hence, neutrophils possess a specialized immunologically silent mechanism for the clearance of apoptotic hepatocytes through perforocytosis, and defects in this key housekeeping function of neutrophils contribute to the genesis of autoimmune liver disease.
Diminishing neuronal acidification by channelrhodopsins with low proton conduction
Authors: Hayward Rebecca Frank , Brooks F. Phil , Yang Shang , Gao Shiqiang , Cohen Adam E
Published: September 2023

Many channelrhodopsins are permeable to protons. We found that in neurons, activation of a high-current channelrhodopsin, CheRiff, led to significant acidification, with faster acidification in the dendrites than in the soma. Experiments with patterned optogenetic stimulation in monolayers of HEK cells established that the acidification was due to proton transport through the opsin, rather than through other voltage-dependent channels. We identified and characterized two opsins which showed large photocurrents, but small proton permeability, PsCatCh2.0 and ChR2-3M. PsCatCh2.0 showed excellent response kinetics and was also spectrally compatible with simultaneous voltage imaging with QuasAr6a. Stimulation-evoked acidification is a possible source of disruptions to cell health in scientific and prospective therapeutic applications of optogenetics. Channelrhodopsins with low proton permeability are a promising strategy for avoiding these problems.Acidification is an undesirable artifact of optogenetic stimulation. Low proton-permeability opsins minimize this artifact while still allowing robust optogenetic control.
The MODY-associated KCNK16 L114P mutation increases islet glucagon secretion and limits insulin secretion resulting in transient neonatal diabetes and glucose dyshomeostasis in adults
Authors: Nakhe Arya Y , Dadi Prasanna K , Kim Jinsun , Dickerson Matthew T , Behera Soma , Dobson Jordyn R , Shrestha Shristi , Cartailler Jean-Philippe , Sampson Leesa , Magnuson Mark A , Jacobson David A
Published: September 2023

The gain-of-function mutation in the TALK-1 K+ channel (p.L114P) is associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). TALK-1 is a key regulator of β-cell electrical activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The KCNK16 gene encoding TALK-1 is the most abundant and β-cell-restricted K+ channel transcript. To investigate the impact of KCNK16 L114P on glucose homeostasis and confirm its association with MODY, a mouse model containing the Kcnk16 L114P mutation was generated. Heterozygous and homozygous Kcnk16 L114P mice exhibit increased neonatal lethality in the C57BL/6J and the CD-1 (ICR) genetic background, respectively. Lethality is likely a result of severe hyperglycemia observed in the homozygous Kcnk16 L114P neonates due to lack of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and can be reduced with insulin treatment. Kcnk16 L114P increased whole-cell β-cell K+ currents resulting in blunted glucose-stimulated Ca2+ entry and loss of glucose-induced Ca2+ oscillations. Thus, adult Kcnk16 L114P mice have reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and plasma insulin levels, which significantly impairs glucose homeostasis. Taken together, this study shows that the MODY-associated Kcnk16 L114P mutation disrupts glucose homeostasis in adult mice resembling a MODY phenotype and causes neonatal lethality by inhibiting islet insulin secretion during development. These data suggest that TALK-1 is an islet-restricted target for the treatment for diabetes.
Heat stress impairs centromere structure and segregation of meiotic chromosomes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Crhak Khaitova Lucie , Mikulkova Pavlina , Pecinkova Jana , Kalidass Manikandan , Heckmann Stefan , Lermontova Inna , Riha Karel
Published: September 2023

Heat stress is a major threat to global crop production, and understanding its impact on plant fertility is crucial for developing climate-resilient crops. Despite the known negative effects of heat stress on plant reproduction, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of elevated temperature on centromere structure and chromosome segregation during meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Consistent with previous studies, heat stress leads to a decline in fertility and micronuclei formation in pollen mother cells. Our results reveal that elevated temperature causes a decrease in the amount of centromeric histone and the kinetochore protein BMF1 at meiotic centromeres with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we show that heat stress increases the duration of meiotic divisions and prolongs the activity of the spindle assembly checkpoint during meiosis I, indicating an impaired efficiency of the kinetochore attachments to spindle microtubules. Our analysis of mutants with reduced levels of centromeric histone suggests that weakened centromeres sensitize plants to elevated temperature, resulting in meiotic defects and reduced fertility even at moderate temperatures. These results indicate that the structure and functionality of meiotic centromeres in Arabidopsis are highly sensitive to heat stress, and suggest that centromeres and kinetochores may represent a critical bottleneck in plant adaptation to increasing temperatures.
Neutrophils actively swell to potentiate rapid migration
Authors: Nagy Tamas L , Strickland Evelyn , Weiner Orion D
Published: September 2023

While the involvement of actin polymerization in cell migration is well-established, much less is known about the role of transmembrane water flow in cell motility. Here, we investigate the role of water influx in a prototypical migrating cell, the neutrophil, which undergoes rapid, directed movement to sites of injury, and infection. Chemoattractant exposure both increases cell volume and potentiates migration, but the causal link between these processes are not known. We combine single-cell volume measurements and a genome-wide CRISPR screen to identify the regulators of chemoattractant-induced neutrophil swelling, including NHE1, AE2, PI3K-gamma, and CA2. Through NHE1 inhibition in primary human neutrophils, we show that cell swelling is both necessary and sufficient for the potentiation of migration following chemoattractant stimulation. Our data demonstrate that chemoattractant-driven cell swelling complements cytoskeletal rearrangements to enhance migration speed.
Preoperative lymphocyte count, neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet to lymphocyte ratio predict the recurrence with progression and cancerization in vocal fold lesions—retrospective study
Authors: Rzepakowska Anna , Pietruszewska Wioletta , Żurek Michał , Molga-Magusiak Maria , Leszczyński Michał , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: September 2023

Backgrounds

This study explored the contribution of peripheral blood markers in diagnosis and prognosis estimation of different stages of laryngeal dysplasia and early glottic cancer.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of clinical, histopathological and laboratory data of 220 patients including hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and platelet counts, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR).

Results

The mean hemoglobin level and platelets count showed differences between histopathological stages of lesions (p = 0.041 and 0.046, respectively). In patients with recurrent lesions mean level of lymphocyte count, NLR and PLR were significant in assessing progression and cancerization (p = 0.005, 0.028 and 0.023, respectively). The univariate analysis recognized level of PLR ≥ 141.74 as significant risk factor of the recurrence of vocal fold hypertrophic lesions (OR = 1.963).

Conclusions

The levels of blood cells and their ratios seem to be effective in predicting the recurrence of lesion and even more their potential role in indicating malignant progression.
Modelling and analysis of the complement system signalling pathways: roles of C3, C5a and pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Murad Didar , Zafar Paracha Rehan , Saeed Muhammad Tariq , Ahmad Jamil , Mushtaq Ammar , Humayun Maleeha
Published: September 2023

The complement system is an essential part of innate immunity. It is activated by invading pathogens causing inflammation, opsonization, and lysis via complement anaphylatoxins, complement opsonin’s and membrane attack complex (MAC), respectively. However, in SARS-CoV-2 infection overactivation of complement system is causing cytokine storm leading to multiple organs damage. In this study, the René Thomas kinetic logic approach was used for the development of biological regulatory network (BRN) to model SARS-CoV-2 mediated complement system signalling pathways. Betweenness centrality analysis in cytoscape was adopted for the selection of the most biologically plausible states in state graph. Among the model results, in strongly connected components (SCCs) pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICyts) oscillatory behaviour between recurrent generation and downregulation was found as the main feature of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diversion of trajectories from the SCCs leading toward hyper-inflammatory response was found in agreement with in vivo studies that overactive innate immunity response caused PICyts storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The complex of negative regulators FI, CR1 and DAF in the inhibition of complement peptide (C5a) and PICyts was found desirable to increase immune responses. In modelling role of MAC and PICyts in lowering of SARS-CoV-2 titre was found coherent with experimental studies. Intervention in upregulation of C5a and PICyts by C3 was found helpful in back-and-forth variation of signalling pattern linked with the levels of PICyts. Moreover, intervention in upregulation of PICyts by C5a was found productive in downregulation of all activating factors in the normal SCCs. However, the computational model predictions require experimental studies to be validated by exploring the activation role of C3 and C5a which could change levels of PICyts at various phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Genome-wide identification of putative dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) gene family in eight Solanaceae species and expression analysis in Solanum lycopersicum
Authors: Li Wenjing , Zhang Yiming , Liu Hualiang , Wang Qiuping , Feng Xue , Wang Congyan , Sun Yanxiang , Zhang Xinye , Zhu Shu
Published: September 2023

Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR; EC1.1.1.219) is an important rate-limiting enzyme in the plant flavonoid pathway toward both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. Although DFR genes have been isolated from multiple plants and their functions have been well characterized in some plants, little is known about DFRs in Solanaceae species. Therefore, in this study, we performed genome-wide analysis and identified 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6 and 5 DFR gene family members in eight Solanaceae species (S. lycopersicum, S. pennellii, S. tuberosum, S. melongena, C. annuum, N. tabacum, P. inflata, and P. axillaris) respectively. The putative DFR genes were systematically identified using bioinformatics to predict their protein properties, cellular location, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved motifs, and cis-acting elements in the promoters. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to identify the expression pattern of DFRs in tomato. We classified all DFRs into five groups based on their phylogenetic features. Sequence analysis showed that all encoded DFR protein sequences possess a highly conserved NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase. In addition, almost all the members of each group displayed similar gene structures and motif distributions, which might be related to their identical executive functions. All 42 DFRs possess a series of light-responsive, phytohormone-responsive, MYB-responsive, stress-responsive, and tissue-specific expression-related cis-elements in the promoter sequences. qRT-PCR analysis showed that tomato DFRs were expressed in many different organs. This study will provide a theoretical basis for further investigation of the function of DFRs in Solanaceae.
Arqueogenealogías del presente y los problemas del economicismo y el humanismo : Michel Foucault y la cuestión de la economía
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Filosofía, Irusta Mérida Alejandro Alberto
Published: September 2023

Se buscaba identificar el lugar que la economía ocupa en la filosofía de Michel Foucault. En una primera etapa, se determinó que la economía encontraría su espacio de problematización en los esfuerzos de Foucault a comienzos de los años sesenta por forjar una grilla de inteligibilidad histórica no economicista y no humanista, proyecto que se inscribía en los debates acaecidos en los medios marxistas de los años cincuenta y sesenta. En una segunda etapa, se estudió la aplicabilidad de dicha grilla a los trabajos posteriores de Foucault.
Viviendo con VIH: la experiencia de jóvenes chilenos
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina, Calderón Silva Macarena
Published: September 2023

Introducción: Actualmente en Chile los hombres jóvenes entre los 20 y 29 años son el grupo con mayor incidencia de VIH, quienes deben atravesar por un proceso complejo desde el momento del diagnóstico hasta la aceptación de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente estudio es develar el significado que tiene vivir con VIH en jóvenes homosexuales de la Región Metropolitana. Método: Estudio cualitativo con una aproximación fenomenológica a la luz de la metodología hermenéutica de Martin Heidegger, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 11 jóvenes con diagnóstico de VIH. Resultados: Del análisis fenomenológico los principales códigos que emergieron en las primeras etapas de la enfermedad son “sensación de soledad”, “sentimientos de angustia, tristeza y culpa”, “episodios de discriminación por parte de terceros”, “poca aceptación familiar” y “necesidad de apoyo psicológico”; mientras que más hacia la etapa de aceptación aparecen la “importancia del apoyo de pares” y “emporarse para educar y apoyar a otros jóvenes”. Conclusiones: En base a los resultados y sugerencias de los mismos participantes es imperativo fortalecer el apoyo psicológico haciéndolo parte del programa de VIH para todos los usuarios y familias en situación de crisis, crear grupos de apoyo en los hospitales que sean prestadores GES, brindar educación sexual integral en los establecimientos educacionales y campañas visibles en todos los medios de comunicación para derribar el estigma asociado a la enfermedad; y finalmente, mejorar los tiempos de atención y el apoyo por parte del servicio de salud brindando una atención integral en base a la aceptación incondicional.
Market Arrivals and Price Behavior of Wheat in Major Markets of India
Authors: Udhayan N.  , Naik A. D. , Hiremath G. M.
Published: September 2023

Behaviour of prices of agricultural commodities results from the basic characteristics of agricultural sector and farm products. This study is based on the secondary data of 15 years from 2007-08 to 2021-22 which was collected from www.agmarknet.gov.in. For the analytical framework, the linear trend equation was used to study the trend in arrivals and prices. During the study period, the pattern of trend in arrivals and prices was differed across the selected markets. All the selected market for wheat showed increasing trend in arrivals and prices over the years. The per annum increase in the arrivals of wheat in Lakhimpur market was the highest at 1884.86 quintals followed by Vidisha, Baran, Dewas, Kota and Agra markets at 1394.74, 942.65, 782.61, 389.19 and 56.53 quintals respectively. The quantum of increase in the arrivals of wheat might be due to the increased production in these regions. Increased productivity and arrivals was attributable to introduction of high yielding varieties, technological advancement, increased demand for wheat in the international market, prices lead to better productivity realization by farmers in the surrounding hinterlands of Lakhimpur, Vidisha, Baran and Dewas area and supplied to these markets. Market arrivals registered lowest quantum of increase in Agra and Kota markets. The lowest quantum of increase in arrivals of wheat might be due to increasing heat stress, other problems experienced by producers in production level and shift in cropping pattern of the farmers towards other commercial crops in those regions. Seasonal indices of arrivals and prices of wheat in selected markets revealed that when the arrivals of wheat to the market were high, the prices were found to be low i.e., March to June. Seasonal price indices of wheat indicate that the price realized by farmers was low during the post- harvest month. Hence, infrastructural facilities like warehouses and market extension services have to be strengthened for encouraging and bringing awareness among the farming community about the availability of warehouses and marketing credit to reap the better benefits.
Economic Analysis of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Marketing in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinbola Adeyose Emmanuel , Borokini Emmanuel Adesina , Ijigbade Justin Orimisan , Ilesanmi Julius Olumide
Published: September 2023

The study examines the economic analysis of tomato marketing in Ondo State, Nigeria. Primary data were used through a well-designed questionnaire. A multistage sampling was used to select 120 tomato marketers in the area. Descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques, and multiple regression were used for the analysis. The results revealed that married females dominate tomato marketers with an average age of 40 years. About 55.0% of them had household sizes that ranged from 4-6 persons with a mean marketing experience of 7.5 years. The products reach consumers through the channels from farmers through wholesalers to retailers. The results of regression showed that sex, purchase price, labour cost, and transport cost are the main determinants of profitability in the area. The significant challenges faced are the high cost of transportation and the lack of storage facilities. Adequate road network and marketing infrastructure should be provided to increase the performance of the enterprise.
Network Pharmacology Approach for Herbal Drugs Intended for the Therapy of Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Bonthu Satwika , Pulichintha Sarika , Ganga Raju. M.  , N. V. L. Suvarchala Reddy V.
Published: September 2023

The single drug/single target/single disease tactic to medicine detection currently faces many challenges in terms of welfare, efficiency and sustainability. Network biology and multipharmacology approaches have recently gained acceptance as approaches for omics documents incorporation and multi-target drug development, respectively. Combining these two approaches has created a new model termed network pharmacology (NP) that examines the effects of medications on both interaction and disease. Ayurveda, traditional Indian medicine, uses a scientific formula that contains many ingredients and numerous bioactive composites. Though, the scientific basis and methods are still largely unexplored. Network pharmacology is a prediction tool that helps in predicting the bioactives from different databases, respective genes from databases which are expressed during the disease. The genes are also ranked from cytohubba and genes with greater number have greater interactions with other genes. The mechanism can be predicted from different pathways like KEGG pathway. From the obtained data a network can be constructed using cytoscape and represented.
Estimation of the Electrical Energy Potential of Rice Husk Biomass Generated within Ebonyi State, South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Elem Igbo, Michael , Nnamdi Nnabuchi, Mishark. , Elem Igbo, Nkechinyere , Emeka Nwodo, , Pius Ogbonna,
Published: September 2023

Nigeria’s energy sector has been ailing for the past two decades due to its excessive dependency on petroleum and lack of diversity in energy sources in the energy supply mix. To address this huge energy gap, biomass conversion power plant (BCPP) is considered as a “bridging solution”- allowing waste product to be used to generate power as an alternative to the high-emitting fossil fuels. Thus, this study was conducted to estimate the electrical energy potential of rice husk (RH) generated biomass within Ebonyi State, South East, Nigeria. RH accounts for approximately 20-23% of the total paddy rice weight with about 10 – 12% moisture. Presently, Ebonyi State produces about 300,000 metric tons (300,000,000Kg) of RH annually. The average percentage mass of the RH sample was calculated to be 21.33%. The BCPP analyzed result yields an average moisture and energy content (HHV) of 2.6% and 14.80MJ/Kg with a corresponding electricity output of 70.39KWh while the estimated result for the electrical energy potential of RH currently generated within the state was estimated to be 214.29MW per annum. This is a clear indication of the huge prospects that lie in the use of RH as feed stock for power generation within the State.
The Impact of a Twitter-supplemented Educational Intervention to Promote Training in Social Determinants of Health among Medical Residents
Authors: Gutierrez Anna Katrina , Twito Victoria , Ni Jason , Liu Jianyou , Atrio Jess , Rolston Renee , Menezes Melissa , Dunbar Julia , Talib Hina , Nguyen Hong-An , Fiori Kevin P. , Cassese Todd , Cervera-Hernandez Miguel E. , Zwerling Jacob , Jariwala Sunit
Published: September 2023

Aims: To assess the effectiveness of using Tweetorials in educating medical residents about social determinants of health (SDoH) and satisfaction with Tweetorials as an educational tool.
Study Design: Quantitative Analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: Montefiore Medical Center, July 2021 to August 2021.
Methodology: Two peer-reviewed publications relating to SDoH were adapted into Tweetorials and traditional journal club PowerPoint presentations, which became the basis of the two interventions given to medical residents via Zoom. We administered surveys that asked participants to self assess their knowledge regarding SDoH topics, their competency in discussing these with patients, and satisfaction with the session. The SDoH surveys were given before and after the intervention to assess any change in SDoH knowledge and competency.
Results: A total of 83 medical residents across three specialties participated in the study. After the Traditional Journal Club intervention and Tweetorial interventions, self-assessed SDoH knowledge improved in a number of areas. The Tweetorial intervention resulted in greater improvement in SDoH knowledge. SDoH competency also improved in a number of areas after both interventions.The mean satisfaction score for the traditional journal club was 2.67/5, and the mean satisfaction score for the Tweetorial intervention was 2.61/5, with no significant difference between the two interventions (P=0.66).
Conclusion: Tweetorials can serve as an effective educational tool to teach medical residents about social determinants of health.