bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Metode Waterfall Pada sistem Informasi Pembelian Bahan Baku PT. Anugerah Citra Sejahtera
Authors: Muhamad Tabrani  , Eni Pudjiarti
Published: November 2021

Anugerah Citra Sejahtera perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang jasa pengembangan kontruksi dan pemasaran di bidang properti. Saat ini di sistem berjalan proses pembelian bahan baku masih menggunakan proses pencatatan seacara manual yang dicatat dalam buku stok pengadaan bahan baku, jika dilihat dari sisi bisnis proses pembelian bahan baku memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam sebuah proses perusahaan, dimana jika proses pencatatan bahan baku tidak dilakukan dengan baik atau proses penyimpanan data pencatatan hilang dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi perusahaan. Selain itu juga dengan pencatatan secara manual proses pengolahan data akan membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama serta apabila diperlukan datanya tidak akan cepat dan akurat. Perancangan Sistem Informasi dengan menggunakan metode waterfall, sistem informasi yang dibuat lebih mudah untuk dilakukan pengontrolan serta terjadwal dengan baik prosesnya pengerjaanya, selain itu juga metode ini sangat cocok untuk pembuatan aplikasi dengan skala yang besar mengingat model pengembanganya paling handal dan banyak di gunakan para developer.Sebuah sistem informasi pembelian bahan baku PT. Anugerah Citra Sejahtera secara komputerisasi yang dimaksudkan agar kegiatan pencatatan pembelian dapat berjalan lebih efektif dan efisien dan pengolahan datanya dapat akurat dan tepat waktu. Perhitungan data juga terjamin kebenarannya karena sudah terprogram dengan baik dan data yang masuk telah divalidasi serta komputer-komputer selalu melakukan verifikasi terhadap data tersebut.
RANCANG BANGUN ROBOT PEMINDAH BARANG BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: RAY'ONALDO CHRISTOPHERUS , BUDI PRAMONO  , Irene ongkowijoyo
Published: November 2021

This study generally aims to design an information system that can handleproblems in putting and sorting goods into warehouses at CV. Sekar Intan KIC Gatsu,Semarang. In terms of using the Information System, CV. Sekar Inran KIC Gatsu,Semarang. In the transfer and sort of goods in the warehouse still using a manualsystem when the implementation, warehouse employees must take and place the goodsto the warehouse that has been determined each - each type of item, so employees mustcalculate the number of items when the goods take place, here various problems occur,because it requires some HR to manage the warehouse performance process at CV.Sekar Intan.To support the research, researchers used Research and Development (R & D)research methods through the microcontroller-based moving robot design simulationdesign stages that have been tested by experts declared valid with Valid validity levelsand final product development design simulation prototypes carried out. goods transferrobot uses Arduino IDE development software that is integrated with Arduino Mega2560, 6 pin line sensor, dc motor, motor driver, servo motor, motor driver, lcd, and hasbeen tested in the field by General Adv. Administration and HRD as users / users andstated to be very effective.Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that therobot design system developed can overcome the problems in the old system on the CV.Sekar Inran KIC Gatsu, Semarang, so as to produce a system that can facilitate workprocesses and parking processes for employees to be more effective and efficient.Keywords: Arduino IDE integrated with Arduino Mega 2560, 6 pin line sensor, dcmotor, motor driver, servo motor, motor driver, lcd.
A Analysis of Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia Using CAMEL
Authors: Pipin Lestari
Published: November 2021

Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in ASEAN, but in Islamic banking Indonesia is still lagging behind Malaysia. This study compares the financial performance of Islamic banking in both countries with the CAMEL method. There are five aspects to the CAMEL approach, namely Capital Adequacy (CAR), Asset Quality (NPF), Management Quality (NPM), Earnings (ROA, BOPO), and Liquidity (FDR). The analytical tool used is a different t-test to find out whether there is a difference or not between the financial performance of Indonesian and Malaysian sharia. From the results of data analysis with the Independent t-test three variables namely (NPF, NPM, BOPO) showed significant differences, while the variables (CAR, ROA, and FDR) there were no significant differences between Indonesian and Malaysian banks.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Dan Likuiditas Terhadap Ketepatan Waktu Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Perdagangan Eceran yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Pratomo Reza Budi , Munari
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to test and prove the factors that influence the timeliness of the company's financial reporting. The variables used in this study are profitability, leverage, and liquidity as independent variables, while the timeliness of the presentation of financial statements as the dependent variable. The population in this case research is a retail trade sub-sector company registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2019. This study uses secondary data obtained from www.idx.co.id and related company websites. The data taken is company data for the 2015-2019 period with using purposive sampling, so that the total sample obtained is 7 companies. The analysis technique in this research is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 25 software. The results showed that profitability and leverage did not affect the timeliness of the presentation of financial statements, while liquidity affects the timeliness of financial statement presentation.
Likuiditas, Return On Assets, Leverage Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak
Authors: Endaryati Eni , Vivi Kumalasari Subroto
Published: November 2021

Tax aggressiveness is the actions taken by the company to reduce its tax obligations. A company is said to carry out tax aggressiveness if the company tries to reduce the tax burden aggressively, either using legal methods, namely tax avoidance or illegal methods such as tax evasion. Although not all tax planning actions are carried out illegally, the more loopholes a company uses to avoid taxes, the more aggressive the company is considered. And this study aims to examine the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable of this study. The independent variables are liquidity, ROA, leverage and firm size and the dependent variable is tax aggressiveness. And for the analytical method used is regression analysis, and descriptive analysis. Descriptive statistics are used to describe or describe the variables in the study. Descriptive statistics used are measures of tax aggressiveness of all sample companies. The description of the variables can be seen from the mean and standard deviation. The descriptive statistical test was carried out with the SPSS program. The results of the study found that liquidity has no effect on tax aggressiveness, then Renturn on Assets (ROA) affects tax aggressiveness, then leverage affects tax aggressiveness and company size affects tax aggressiveness.

 

Keywords: Liquidity, ROA, Leverage, Company Size, Tax Aggressiveness
Exploring the uncertainties in the aviation soot–cirrus effect
Authors: Righi Mattia , Hendricks Johannes , Beer Christof Gerhard
Published: November 2021

Abstract. A global aerosol–climate model, including a two-moment cloud microphysical
scheme and a parametrization for aerosol-induced ice formation in cirrus
clouds, is applied in order to quantify the impact of aviation soot on natural
cirrus clouds. Several sensitivity experiments are performed to assess the
uncertainties in this effect related to (i) the assumptions on the ice
nucleation abilities of aviation soot, (ii) the representation of vertical
updrafts in the model, and (iii) the use of reanalysis data to relax the model
dynamics (the so-called nudging technique). Based on the results of the model
simulations, a radiative forcing from the aviation soot–cirrus effect in the
range of −35 to 13 mW m−2 is quantified, depending on
the assumed critical saturation ratio for ice nucleation and active fraction of
aviation soot but with a confidence level below 95 % in several cases. Simple
idealized experiments with prescribed vertical velocities further show that the
uncertainties on this aspect of the model dynamics are critical for the
investigated effect and could potentially add a factor of about 2 of further
uncertainty to the model estimates of the resulting radiative forcing. The use
of the nudging technique to relax model dynamics is proved essential in order
to identify a statistically significant signal from the model internal
variability, while simulations performed in free-running mode and with
prescribed sea-surface temperatures and sea-ice concentrations are shown to be
unable to provide robust estimates of the investigated effect. A comparison
with analogous model studies on the aviation soot–cirrus effect show a very
large model diversity, with a conspicuous lack of consensus across the various
estimates, which points to the need for more in-depth analyses on the roots of
such discrepancies.
Plant genotype controls wetland soil microbial functioning in response to sea-level rise
Authors: Tang Hao , Liebner Susanne , Reents Svenja , Nolte Stefanie , Jensen Kai , Horn Fabian , Mueller Peter
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Climate change can strongly alter soil microbial functioning via
plant–microbe interactions, often with important consequences for ecosystem
carbon and nutrient cycling. Given the high degree of intraspecific trait
variability in plants, it has been hypothesized that genetic shifts within
plant species yield a large potential to control the response of
plant–microbe interactions to climate change. Here we examined if sea-level
rise and plant genotype interact to affect soil microbial communities in an
experimental coastal wetland system, using two known genotypes of the
dominant salt-marsh grass Elymus athericus characterized by differences in their sensitivity
to flooding stress – i.e., a tolerant genotype from low-marsh environments
and an intolerant genotype from high-marsh environments. Plants were exposed
to a large range of flooding frequencies in a factorial mesocosm experiment,
and soil microbial activity parameters (exo-enzyme activity and litter
breakdown) and microbial community structure were assessed. Plant genotype
mediated the effect of flooding on soil microbial community structure and
determined the presence of flooding effects on exo-enzyme activities and
belowground litter breakdown. Larger variability in microbial community
structure, enzyme activities, and litter breakdown in soils planted with the
intolerant plant genotype supported our general hypothesis that effects of
climate change on soil microbial activity and community structure can depend
on plant intraspecific genetic variation. In conclusion, our data suggest
that adaptive genetic variation in plants could suppress or facilitate the
effects of sea-level rise on soil microbial communities. If this finding
applies more generally to coastal wetlands, it yields important implications
for our understanding of ecosystem–climate feedbacks in the coastal zone.
GRQA: Global River Water Quality Archive
Authors: Virro Holger , Amatulli Giuseppe , Kmoch Alexander , Shen Longzhu , Uuemaa Evelyn
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Large-scale hydrological studies are often limited by the lack of available observation data with a good spatiotemporal coverage. This has affected the reproducibility of previous studies and the potential improvement of existing hydrological models. In addition to the observation data themselves, insufficient or poor-quality metadata have also discouraged researchers from integrating the already-available datasets. Therefore, improving both the availability and quality of open water quality data would increase the potential to implement predictive modeling on a global scale. The Global River Water Quality Archive (GRQA) aims to contribute to improving water quality data coverage by aggregating and harmonizing five national, continental and global datasets: CESI (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators program), GEMStat (Global Freshwater Quality Database), GLORICH (GLObal RIver CHemistry), Waterbase and WQP (Water Quality Portal). The GRQA compilation involved converting observation data from the five sources into a common format and harmonizing the corresponding metadata, flagging outliers, calculating time series characteristics and detecting duplicate observations from sources with a spatial overlap. The final dataset extends the spatial and temporal coverage of previously available water quality data and contains 42 parameters and over 17 million measurements around the globe covering the 1898–2020 time period. Metadata in the form of statistical tables, maps and figures are provided along with observation time series. The GRQA dataset, supplementary metadata and figures are available for download on the DataCite- and OpenAIRE-enabled Zenodo repository at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5097436 (Virro et al., 2021).
The Landslide Velocity
Authors: Pudasaini Shiva P. , Krautblatter Michael
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Proper knowledge of velocity is required in accurately determining the enormous destructive energy carried by a landslide. We present the first, simple and physics-based general analytical landslide velocity model that simultaneously incorporates the internal deformation (non-linear advection) and externally applied forces, consisting of the net driving force and the viscous resistant. From the physical point of view, the model stands as a novel class of non-linear advective – dissipative system where classical Voellmy and inviscid Burgers' equation are specifications of this general model. We show that the non-linear advection and external forcing fundamentally regulate the state of motion and deformation, which substantially enhances our understanding of the velocity of a coherently deforming landslide. Since analytical solutions provide the fastest, the most cost-effective and the best rigorous answer to the problem, we construct several new and general exact analytical solutions. These solutions cover the wider spectrum of landslide velocity and directly reduce to the mass point motion. New solutions bridge the existing gap between the negligibly deforming and geometrically massively deforming landslides through their internal deformations. This provides a novel, rapid and consistent method for efficient coupling of different types of mass transports. The mechanism of landslide advection, stretching and approaching to the steady-state has been explained. We reveal the fact that shifting, up-lifting and stretching of the velocity field stem from the forcing and non-linear advection. The intrinsic mechanism of our solution describes the fascinating breaking wave and emergence of landslide folding. This happens collectively as the solution system simultaneously introduces downslope propagation of the domain, velocity up-lift and non-linear advection. We disclose the fact that the domain translation and stretching solely depends on the net driving force, and along with advection, the viscous drag fully controls the shock wave generation, wave breaking, folding, and also the velocity magnitude. This demonstrates that landslide dynamics are architectured by advection and reigned by the system forcing. The analytically obtained velocities are close to observed values in natural events. These solutions constitute a new foundation of landslide velocity in solving technical problems. This provides the practitioners with the key information in instantly and accurately estimating the impact force that is very important in delineating hazard zones and for the mitigation of landslide hazards.
Assessment of the ParFlow–CLM CONUS 1.0 integrated hydrologic model: evaluation of hyper-resolution water balance components across the contiguous United States
Authors: O'Neill Mary M. F. , Tijerina Danielle T. , Condon Laura E. , Maxwell Reed M.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Recent advancements in computational efficiency and Earth system modeling have awarded hydrologists with increasingly high-resolution models of
terrestrial hydrology, which are paramount to understanding and predicting complex fluxes of moisture and energy. Continental-scale hydrologic
simulations are, in particular, of interest to the hydrologic community for numerous societal, scientific, and operational benefits. The coupled
hydrology–land surface model ParFlow–CLM configured over the continental United States (PFCONUS) has been employed in previous literature to study
scale-dependent connections between water table depth, topography, recharge, and evapotranspiration, as well as to explore impacts of anthropogenic
aquifer depletion to the water and energy balance. These studies have allowed for an unprecedented process-based understanding of the continental
water cycle at high resolution. Here, we provide the most comprehensive evaluation of PFCONUS version 1.0 (PFCONUSv1) performance to date by comparing
numerous modeled water balance components with thousands of in situ observations and several remote sensing products and using a range of
statistical performance metrics for evaluation. PFCONUSv1 comparisons with these datasets are a promising indicator of model fidelity and ability to
reproduce the continental-scale water balance at high resolution. Areas for improvement are identified, such as a positive streamflow bias at gauges
in the eastern Great Plains, a shallow water table bias over many areas of the model domain, and low bias in seasonal total water storage amplitude,
especially for the Ohio, Missouri, and Arkansas River basins. We discuss several potential sources for model bias and suggest that minimizing error
in topographic processing and meteorological forcing would considerably improve model performance. Results here provide a benchmark and guidance for
further PFCONUS model development, and they highlight the importance of concurrently evaluating all hydrologic components and fluxes to provide a
multivariate, holistic validation of the complete modeled water balance.
Cosmic-Ray neutron Sensor PYthon tool (crspy 1.2.1): an open-source tool for the processing of cosmic-ray neutron and soil moisture data
Authors: Power Daniel , Rico-Ramirez Miguel Angel , Desilets Sharon , Desilets Darin , Rosolem Rafael
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Understanding soil moisture dynamics at the sub-kilometre scale is
increasingly important, especially with the continuous development of
hyper-resolution land surface and hydrological models. Cosmic-ray neutron
sensors (CRNSs) are able to provide estimates of soil moisture at this
elusive scale, and networks of these sensors have been expanding across the
world over the previous decade. However, each network currently implements
its own protocol when processing raw data into soil moisture estimates. As a
consequence, this lack of a harmonised global data set can ultimately lead to
limitations in the global assessment of the CRNS technology from multiple
networks. Here, we present crspy, an open-source Python tool that is designed
to facilitate the processing of raw CRNS data into soil moisture estimates
in an easy and harmonised way. We outline the basic structure of this tool,
discussing the correction methods used as well as the metadata
that crspy can create about each site. Metadata can add value to global-scale studies of field-scale soil moisture estimates by providing additional
routes to understanding catchment similarities and differences. We
demonstrate that current differences in processing methodologies can lead to
misinterpretations when comparing sites from different networks and that having a
tool to provide a harmonised data set can help to mitigate these issues. By
being open source, crspy can also serve as a development and testing tool
for new understanding of the CRNS technology as well as being used as a
teaching tool for the community.
Performance analysis of regional AquaCrop (v6.1) biomass and surface soil moisture simulations using satellite and in situ observations
Authors: de Roos Shannon , De Lannoy Gabriëlle J. M. , Raes Dirk
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The current intensive use of agricultural land is affecting the land quality
and contributes to climate change. Feeding the world's growing population
under changing climatic conditions demands a global transition to more
sustainable agricultural systems. This requires efficient models and data to
monitor land cultivation practices at the field to global scale. This study outlines a spatially distributed version of the field-scale crop
model AquaCrop version 6.1 to simulate agricultural biomass production and
soil moisture variability over Europe at a relatively fine resolution of 30 arcsec (∼1 km). A highly efficient parallel processing
system is implemented to run the model regionally with global meteorological
input data from the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and
Applications version 2 (MERRA-2), soil textural information from the
Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.2 (HWSDv1.2), and generic crop
information. The setup with a generic crop is chosen as a baseline for a
future satellite-based data assimilation system. The relative temporal
variability in daily crop biomass production is evaluated with the Copernicus
Global Land Service dry matter productivity (CGLS-DMP) data. Surface soil
moisture is compared against NASA Soil Moisture Active–Passive surface soil
moisture (SMAP-SSM) retrievals, the Copernicus Global Land Service surface
soil moisture (CGLS-SSM) product derived from Sentinel-1, and in situ data
from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN). Over central Europe, the
regional AquaCrop model is able to capture the temporal variability in both
biomass production and soil moisture, with a spatial mean temporal correlation
of 0.8 (CGLS-DMP), 0.74 (SMAP-SSM), and 0.52 (CGLS-SSM). The
higher performance when evaluating with SMAP-SSM compared to Sentinel-1
CGLS-SSM is largely due to the lower quality of CGLS-SSM satellite retrievals
under growing vegetation. The regional model further captures the short-term
and inter-annual variability, with a mean anomaly correlation of 0.46 for daily
biomass and mean anomaly correlations of 0.65 (SMAP-SSM) and 0.50 (CGLS-SSM)
for soil moisture. It is shown that soil textural characteristics and
irrigated areas influence the model performance. Overall, the regional
AquaCrop model adequately simulates crop production and soil moisture and
provides a suitable setup for subsequent satellite-based data assimilation.
Experimental study of non-Darcian flow characteristics in permeable stones
Authors: Li Zhongxia , Wan Junwei , Xiong Tao , Zhan Hongbin , He Linqing , Huang Kun
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This study provides experimental evidence of Forchheimer flow and transition between different flow regimes from the perspective of pore size of permeable stone. We have firstly carried out the seepage experiments of permeable stones with four different mesh sizes, including 24 mesh size, 46 mesh size, 60 mesh size, and 80 mesh size, which corresponding to mean particle sizes (50 % by weight) of 0.71 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.18 mm. The seepage experiments show that obvious deviation from Darcian flow regime is visible. In addition, the critical specific discharge corresponding to the transition of flow regimes (from pre-Darcian to post-Darcian) increases with the increase of particle sizes. When the “pseudo” hydraulic conductivity (K) (which is computed by the ratio of specific discharge and the hydraulic gradient) increases with the increase of specific discharge (q), the flow regime is denoted as the pre-Darcian flow. After the specific discharge increases to a certain value, the “pseudo” hydraulic conductivity begins to decrease, and this regime is called the post-Darcian flow. In addition, we use the mercury injection experiment to measure the pore size distribution of four permeable stones with different particle sizes, and the mercury injection curve is divided into three stages. The beginning and end segments of the mercury injection curve are very gentle with relatively small slopes, while the intermediate mercury injection curve is steep, indicating that the pore size in permeable stones is relatively uniform. The porosity decreases as the mean particle sizes increases, and the mean pore size can faithfully reflect the influence of particle diameter, sorting degree and arrangement mode of porous medium on seepage parameters. This study shows that the size of pores is an essential factor for determining the flow regimes. In addition, the Forchheimer coefficients are also discussed in which the coefficient A (which is related to the linear term of the Forchheimer equation) is linearly related to 1/d 2 as A = 0.0025 (1/d 2) + 0.003; while the coefficient B (which is related to the quadratic term of the Forchheimer equation) is a quadratic function of 1/d as B =1.14E-06 (1/d)2 − 1.26E-06 (1/d). The porosity (n) can be used to reveal the effect of sorting degree and arrangement on seepage coefficient. The larger porosity leads to smaller coefficients A and B under the condition of the same particle size.
Structural synthesis of plane kinematic chain inversions without detecting isomorphism
Authors: Chen Jinxi , Ding Jiejin , Hong Weiwei , Cui Rongjiang
Published: November 2021

Abstract. A plane kinematic chain inversion refers to a plane kinematic
chain with one link fixed (assigned as the ground link). In the creative
design of mechanisms, it is important to select proper ground links.
The structural synthesis of plane kinematic chain inversions is helpful for
improving the efficiency of mechanism design. However, the existing
structural synthesis methods involve isomorphism detection, which is
cumbersome. This paper proposes a simple and efficient structural
synthesis method for plane kinematic chain inversions without detecting
isomorphism. The fifth power of the adjacency matrix is applied to recognize
similar vertices, and non-isomorphic kinematic chain inversions are directly
derived according to non-similar vertices. This method is used to
automatically synthesize 6-link 1-degree-of-freedom (DOF), 8-link 1-DOF, 8-link 3-DOF, 9-link
2-DOF, 9-link 4-DOF, 10-link 1-DOF, 10-link 3-DOF and 10-link 5-DOF plane
kinematic chain inversions. All the synthesis results are consistent with
those reported in literature. Our method is also suitable for other kinds of
kinematic chains.
Nasal Itching And Bleeding Due To Excessive Exposure To Air Conditioners
Authors: Asghar Adnan , ul Haq Anwar , Hussain Syed Shaukat , Khan Muhammad , Gul Asif Alam
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Nasal mucosa is very sensitive when it is exposed to extreme dry and cold weather conditions. Persistent or recurrent nasal itching due to such exposure is usually followed by the epistaxis. Objective of the study was to analyze effects of excessive exposure to dry and cold air of air conditioners on nose in terms of nasal itching and epistaxis. Methods: This prospective cohort study carried out on 144 healthy Pakistani individuals working in United Nations Hospital in Nyala, Sudan from February 2014 to May 2014. Individuals spending less than 8 hours daily inside air conditioners were compared to those spending more than 15 hours daily. Chi square tests were applied to compare the proportions of incidence of nasal itching and epistaxis between these two groups as well as between two age groups. Results: Mean age of all 144 subjects was 35.01 years (± 6.4). Chi square test results confirmed that there was statistically significant difference of both the symptoms (nasal itching p-value 0.021 and nasal bleeding p-value 0.044) between two groups. Those spending more time in air conditioners were significantly more affected by dry and cold air. As for as the age group is concerned significantly higher number of subjects of ages more than 40 years had nasal bleeding compared to the younger age group (equal or less than 40 years). Conclusion: Effects of exposure of dry air of air conditioners on nasal mucosa in terms of nasal itching and nasal bleeding were found to be significantly higher when subjects were exposed 15 hours or more per day. Furthermore nasal bleeding was more commonly seen in elderly subjects (more than 40 years) due to such exposure
Frequency Of Awareness And Practice Of Stethoscope Hygiene With Regards To Guide Line Among Medical Students, Residents And Doctors In Karachi
Authors: Ahmed Khalid , Shaikh Saifullah , Rehman Rehana , Ali Salwa Mansur
Published: November 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify “implications” of guidelines provided to participants at the end of a survey for improvement in stethoscope hygiene. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2016 in which a questionnaire was designed to know the awareness of stethoscope hygiene among health care practitioners. The questionnaire was distributed to 150 consented participants, out of which 138 complete (92%) responses [49, (32%) attending physicians, 50(33%) residents and 39(26%) medical students]; comprising of 84 (61%) females and 54 (39%) males was acquired. The responses included following consulting clinics (n=30, 22%), wards (n=41, 30%), intensive care units (n=41, 30%) and acute care units (n=26, 18%). At the end of the survey practicing guidelines were discussed and hard copy given to respondents. They were then asked to tell about to the impact of these guide lines on their measures to maintain stethoscope hygiene Results: It was observed that health care practioners consented to start stethoscope cleaning at the start of every clinic, 33.3% showed their intentions for educating others by verbal instructions, and 66.7% were said they will recommend alcohol swab for cleaning of stethoscope. Conclusion: The survey on stethoscope hygiene with practicing guidelines reflects the awareness generated in the respondents. It is further expected that they will disseminate the information and educate others to consider importance of stethoscope sanitation and practice its hygiene
Concomitant Use Of L-arginine With High Butter And Corn Oil Diet Prevent Their Harmful Effects On Adrenocortical Cells Of Albino Rats
Authors: Quddus Iram , Samir Farhana , Waqar Humera , Qureshi Sarwer
Published: November 2021

Objective: To compare the bichemical and morphological effects of L -Arginine against the changes caused by butter and corn oil supplementation Study design: A prospective experimental study Place: Department of Anatomy BMSI, JPMC Duration: August to October 2008. Methodology:Male Albino rats weighing 200 - 240gm were selected and divided into 5 groups. Group ‘CL’ received standard laboratory diet. Group ‘Bu’ received 20% added unsalted butter in diet. Group ‘Co’ received 20% added corn oil in diet. Group ‘BuAr’ received 20% Butter with L-Arginine 300mg /kg body weight /day orally .Group‘CoAr’ received 20%corn oil along with L-Arginine 300mg/kg body weight/day orally. On completion of study period that is 4 weeks, animals were sacrifised. Blood was drawn for hormonal assays. Adrenal glands were removed and fixed in buffered neutral formalin. Right adrenals were processed and sectioned at4 µm thickness to be stained with Mallory trichrome stain to visualize blood vessel. Left adrenalswere sectioned with cryostat in 10µm sections and stained with Oil red O to visualize fat in cells. Results:Highly significant and moderately significant decrease observed in ACTH (Adrenocorticotrophic hormone)levels in Group BuArand CoAr when compared to Bu and Co respectively; insignificant difference was found between BuAr&CoAr. Moderately significant and significant decrease observed in corticosterone levels in Group BuAr and CoAr when compared to Buand Co respectively. Insignificant difference was found between BuAr and CoAr . Mallory trichrome stained section showed less dilated blood vessels in BuAr&CoAr compared to Bu & Co respectively, while difference among the former two was not remarkable. Oil red O stained sections showed less densely packed fat globules in group BuAr&CoAr compared to Bu and Co respectively. Difference between BuAr&CoAr was not marked. Conclusion: Butter has more stimulatory effect on adrenal cortical cells but the comparison with corn oil is not statistically significant except for ACTH levels. L Arginine seems to be effective in lowering the levels of stress hormones, fat accumulation and vasodilatation when given along with corn oil and butter oil.
Biceps Brachii Rupture In An Elderly Male
Authors: Rathore Farooq Azam , Mansoor Sahibzada Nasir
Published: November 2021

The biceps is the supinator and secondary flexor muscle of the forearm. Injury to the long head of the biceps occurs in the middle aged and elderly; most commonly due to trauma and sudden eccentric contraction of the biceps whilst lifting a weight. It can be diagnosed clinically and further confirmed by sonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Treatment is conservative in the majority of cases and involves activity modification, pain relief, range of motion and strengthening exercises, physical therapy and weight lifting precautions. Surgical management, which includes tenodesis and tendon transfer, is reserved for individuals who are active, involved in sport and for those preferring cosmesis. Conservative management has good results with little loss in supination and flexion power, complete independence in activities of daily living and complete resolution of symptoms. Clinical suspicion, early clinical diagnosis and conservative management can prevent morbidity/complications and assist in early recovery.
A Giant Asymptomatic Submandibular Salivary Gland Calculus Reported At Bahria University Dental Hospital.
Authors: Mirza Daud , Omer Syed Ahmed , Sadiq Muhammad Shahrukh Khan , Abbasi Zubair Ahmad , Arsalan Mamoora , Karim Zahra , Khan Jouhra , Mazhar Saima
Published: November 2021

Sialolithiasis is a common salivary gland disease which has highest predilection rate in submandibular followed by parotid and sublingual glands. It results in mechanical obstruction of the salivary gland duct. The unique anatomy of the submandibular gland duct facilitates the deposition of mineral salts and leads to the formation of stones. We are presenting a unique case of submandibular calculus which was completely asymptomatic. On 2nd day after a mandibular incisor tooth extraction, patient presented with some hard object in her mouth. The stone was removed intraorally through the duct opening under local anaesthesia.
Evaluation of Dentistry Students’ Lifelong Learning Tendencies During the COVID-19
Authors: Aras-Tosun Duru , Küçük-Biçer Burcu
Published: November 2021

Aim: Dentistry education is a life-long, continuous education. The aim of this study was to determine the lifelong learning (LLL) tendencies of the dental faculty students who were receiving distance education during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: 258 dentistry students participated the study. Research data was collected by 'Lifelong Learning Disposition Scale' (LDS). In the first part of the questionnaire, students were asked to reply socio-demographic questions and their ability to learn during the distance education process of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the second part, there were questions about LLL. The low score obtained from the scale indicates that the LLL tendency is high. ANOVA and t-test were used for analysis of LDS score, and the Mann Whitney-U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for sub-dimensions. Results: During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 40.3% of the students stated their status of learning skills as medium, 28.7% as bad and 11.6% as very bad. Students' mean score on the LDS scale was 88.26 ± 9.8. The mean LDS score was statistically significant according to their class, gender and their assessment of learning skills during the COVID-19 pandemic (p <0.05). There was no correlation between the monthly income and academic success levels of the students and their LDS scores (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that the students made their own evaluations correctly during the Covid-19 pandemic. LDS scores of the students who stated their learning status as bad were significantly higher by 1,187 times. During the Covid-19 pandemic, it is important to communicate using educational methods that aim to support students' learning skills. Therefore, new interventions should be planned to increase students' LLL tendencies.
Policing Gender Violence in Vanuatu
Authors: Bull Melissa , George Nicole
Published: November 2021

Gender violence is one of the greatest challenges to peace and security in Pacific Island Countries. The persistence of this problem is often linked to the limits of state-based policing authority. It is argued that this approach fails to grapple adequately with hybrid systems of regulatory authority in Pacific Island Countries that include customary and faith-based forms of authority. Feminist inquiry into the difficulties Pacific women face in securing justice when they are the victims of gendered crimes frequently highlights the gendered failings of state and customary systems of justice, finding that both systems reflect and further entrench the subordinated status of women. This paper addresses the tension between the apparent limits of state-centred models of policing and the shortfalls of hybridised structures of regulatory authority. It reports a theoretically informed empirical study that investigated how ni-Vanuatu women understand gender violence and the role that police can play in its prevention. Using participant research and photo elicitation surveys, we asked 1) how does the authority of policing agencies operate when addressing violence against women in relation to other sites of international and local sociocultural authority in the Vanuatu context, and 2) how do women understand and value policing authority relative to other sites of regulatory authority? We found that, while police in Vanuatu operate in the context of constructive complementarity with other forms of authority, women valued police, identifying them as the key source of regulatory authority that could provide help if their partner became violent or if they were threatened.
Notes on Gender, Race and Punishment From a Decolonial Perspective to a Southern Criminology Agenda
Authors: Magalhães Gomes Camilla
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to investigate how decolonial studies can contribute to an agenda of southern criminology and in particular, but not exclusively, to our research on gender and gender violence. To do so, the path chosen was to first present the common lines between these ways of theorising. Then, the entanglements of race and capitalism and of race and gender in the decolonial perspective are presented. With this done, it is possible to think about how decoloniality and punishment are related and to, from then on, think of a decolonial agenda for criminology that involves taking the colonial hypothesis seriously and always thinking and seeking to listen, read and research the ways of resistance from those dehumanised by the criminal justice system.
Aportes al conocimiento de la fenología de la floración en humedales de Berisso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Ciciarelli María De las Mercedes , Dedomenici Ana C. , Alberto Cecilia , Simón Pablo , Passarelli Lilian M.
Published: November 2021

Se estudió la fenología de la floración en un ambiente de humedales de Berisso, Buenos Aires, Argentina. La composición y el relevamiento estacional de la vegetación se analizaron mediante visitas quincenales al área de estudio entre los años 2016 y 2018 registrando 49 familias y 118 especies de Angiospermas. Las familias botánicas con mayor riqueza de especies fueron Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Verbenaceae y en orden decreciente: Lamiaceae y Oleaceae. El período reproductivo se inicia en el mes de julio y la mayor oferta floral ocurre en los meses de noviembre y diciembre. El análisis de datos climáticos como la temperatura mínima media anual, la ocurrencia de heladas y las precipitaciones anuales expresadas en mm de agua acumulada permitieron hacer aportes a la fenología de la floración. Los eventos observados en respuesta a los fenómenos meteorológicos son la extensión del ciclo de vida anual de plantas herbáceas susceptibles a heladas y el adelanto y repetición de la fase de floración de especies herbáceas y leñosas. De acuerdo con el Servicio Meteorológico Nacional la temperatura mínima media durante el lapso estudiado (2016-2018) fue de 12° C registrando un ascenso de 2° C en relación con el período transcurrido desde 1980 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2016. Además, se ha observado desde la década anterior, una disminución del número de días con temperaturas por debajo de 0°C debido al descenso en el número y el atraso en la aparición de las primeras heladas junto con episodios de termoperiodismo asincrónico.
THE ROLE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND TRANSPARENCY TOOLS IN SELECTION PROCESS FOR CIVIL SERVICE
Authors: ABDANBEKOV Arman , BURALKIYEVA Botagoz
Published: November 2021

The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan K. Tokayev has set the task of creating a new professional state apparatus, in connection with which there is a need to use innovative forms and methods of management, modern methods of personnel selection and their further development.
In this regard, the authors of the article consider the issues related to the selection of personnel for public service.
Within the framework of the study, the analysis of current legislation, statistical data and in-depth expert interviews with civil servants (personnel management services and responsible state body staff) and representatives of civil society institutions was carried out.
In conclusion, practical recommendations are given to increase the transparency of the selection process by strengthening the role of the institute of observers, as well as quality - by attracting motivated employees through using of innovative technologies such as coaching.
KAZAKHSTAN IN THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNIT. RESULTS OF THE FIRST FIVE YEARS
Authors: SAUTBEKOV Daulet , KYLBAYEV Erlan
Published: November 2021

The article discusses topical issues of economic integration of Kazakhstan within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Individual indicators of the socio-economic development of the republic on the eve of joining the EAEU and in the subsequent period of Kazakhstan's presence in the integration association are analyzed, tables and diagrams are compiled, reflecting the dynamics of the development of the national economy. The main problems in the structure of the economy of Kazakhstan are highlighted and some mechanisms for their solution are proposed. It is concluded that the integration potential of Kazakhstan is not fully utilized, certain industries have not been developed in the context of international trade, and the development of cooperative ties with the EAEU countries requires the use of additional measures in the investment and industrial policy of Kazakhstan. At the same time, in the changing conditions of international trade, Kazakhstan has the opportunity to strengthen its position, and integration opportunities can become a driver of economic growth in the coming years despite criticism from skeptics.
Resistance Exercise Improves Spatial Learning Ability Through Phosphorylation of 5’-Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Parkinson Disease Mice
Authors: Kim Sang-Hoon , Hwang Lakkyong , Jin Jun-Jang , Ko Il-Gyu , Kim Yong Bog , Yoon Hye-Sun , Baek Seung-Soo
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Exercise is a representative noninvasive treatment that can be applied to various diseases. We studied the effect of resistance exercise on motor function and spatial learning ability in Parkinson disease (PD) mice.Methods: The rotarod test and beam walking test were conducted to evaluate the effect of resistance exercise on motor function, and the Morris water maze test was conducted to examine the effect of resistance exercise on spatial learning ability. The effect of resistance exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression and 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation was investigated by Western blot analysis. New cell generation was confirmed by immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine.Results: Resistance exercise improved coordination, balance, and spatial learning ability in PD mice. Resistance exercise enhanced new cell production, BDNF and TrkB expression, and AMPK phosphorylation in PD mice. The effect of such resistance exercise was similar to that of levodopa application.Conclusions: In PD-induced mice, resistance exercise enhanced AMPK phosphorylation to increase BDNF expression and new neuron generation, thereby improving spatial learning ability. Resistance exercise is believed to help improve symptoms of PD.
Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
Authors: Park Sang-Seo , Kim Chang-Ju , Kim Seong-Hyun , Kim Tae-Woon , Lee Sam-Jun
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Wnt pathway is closely related to neurodevelopmental process associated with cognitive function. After administration of valproic acid to the pregnant mice, the effect of swimming exercise of pregnant mice on the memory, neuronal production, and apoptosis of pups was studied in relation with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods: On day 12 of pregnancy, mice were injected subcutaneously with 400-mg/kg valproic acid. The pregnant mice in the control with swimming exercise group and in the valproic acid injection with swimming exercise group were allowed for swimming for 30 minutes one time per a day, repeated 5 days per a week, during 3 weeks. Step-through avoidance task and Morris water maze task for memory function, immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells and western blot for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Wnt, β-catenin, Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3 were carried out.Results: Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improved memory function, increased BDNF expression, and neuronal proliferation in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy suppressed Wnt expression and phosphorylation of β-catenin in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise inhibited Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and increased Bcl-2 expression in the valproic acid injected pups.Conclusions: Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improved memory function by increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade activation in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy may have a protective effect on factors that induce autism in the fetus.