bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourist Potential of the Kemerovo Region: Management Specifics
Authors: Logunova Larisa , Tremblyuk Ekaterina , Utkina Antonina
Published: March 2022

Travel and tourism (travel & tourism) – forms of leisure activities that combine different types of recreation. Tourism in Russia is developing dynamically, but ambiguously. Kuzbass is a territory with unique natural, cultural and historical resources that make up the tourism potential of the region. But when determining the strategy of the tourism industry, the assessment of the tourism potential was not carried out. The article analyzes the problems of assessing the tourist potential of the Kemerovo region. The results of the author’s study of the tourism potential showed that the resources of the region (natural, historical, cultural) are practically not taken into account by tourism development programs. One of the reasons is the limited understanding of the Kuzbass tourism development strategy. Analysis of the problem of using the tourist potential of the Kemerovo region showed that the main driver of tourism development today is ski tourism. Another reason lies in the exclusion of the main link from management schemes – a person with his needs and preferences in recreation and travel. Expanding the strategic horizons of managing the tourism industry in the region, studying the needs of people in the field of tourist leisure determine the vectors of tourism development in Kuzbass.
The authors of the article believe that the assessment of tourism potential should be carried out not only by describing the presence / absence of a particular resource, but also based on the uniqueness of resource objects, their diversity, density of distribution within the region, accessibility, and their physical condition. The authors analyze the strategy for the development of the tourism industry in Kuzbass, adopted by the regional administration, using an expert survey and mapping. As a result of the analysis of documents describing the scheme of the Kuzbass tourist cluster, additional opportunities were identified for the development of the tourist potential of the region.
Definition of Energy Expenses on Traction Generator Excitation According to Data of Microprocessor Control Systems for Locomotive Traction Characteristic Prediction
Authors: Kurilkin Dmitry
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Development and approbation of the methodology of definition of energy expenses on excitation of traction generator of diesel locomotive on the stage of locomotive traction characteristic prediction. While definition of diesel power spent on traction generator excitation during prediction of traction-energy characteristics of diesel locomotive it’s necessary to consider current technical state of an exciter and traction synchronous generator. This task can be solved as a result of statistical analysis of information being registered by subsystem of board diagnostics of contemporary diesel locomotives. Methods: It’s used in the work the methods of preprocessor handling of information volume and statistical analysis of formed sampling. Results: There have been obtained the dependences allowing to predict with high precision the expenses of power for traction generator excitation in various work modes of diesel locomotive on the basis of preliminary analysis of data of board diagnostics subsystem. The necessity of such analysis is preconditioned by large scatter of parameters of magnetic system of traction synchronous generators and, hence, power values spent on their excitation which reaches 100% for generators 2TE116U at 40 kW power. Practical significance: The obtained results help to rise definition accuracy of traction-energy properties for particular locomotive.
The effect of growth factor expression on liver regeneration
Authors:   N.N.  Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Glukhov A.A. , Laptiyova A.Yu. ,   N.N.  Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Andreev A.A. ,   N.N.  Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Ostroushko A.P. ,   N.N.  Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Published: March 2022

Abstract. For today, liver pathology affects about 500 million people in the world, of which one million die annually, mainly due to primary and secondary malignant tumors. About 60 % of patients are shown to perform hepatic resection. The rate of recovery of anatomical and functional activity of the liver, the survival rate of patients are directly related to the regenerative potential of this organ. The aim of the research. To systematize data on the effect of growth factor expression on the activation of the reparative potential of the liver after resection. Material and methods. A review of the data in PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, eLibrary was carried out using the keywords “growth factors”, “liver regeneration”, “reparative potential”, “growth factors”, “liver regeneration”, “interleukins” and is limited to the period 2010-2021. In addition, a manual search for articles in journals was carried out. Exclusion criteria from the analysis: description of individual clinical cases; books and documents; comparison of treatment results. The final analysis included 45 sources out of 102 initially identified. Results. The process of liver regeneration is a complexly regulated system. After damage to the hepatic parenchyma, active substances are released in cells, the greatest value of which during liver regeneration is assigned to the expression of a number of interleukins (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10), as well as growth factors (HGF, TGF-β, TNF). As a result of their influence, compensatory and adaptive mechanisms are activated, the proliferative activity of hepatocytes is increased, and the structural and functional integrity of the liver is gradually restored. Conclusion. To date, pronounced positive eff ects of growth factors and cytokines have been proven, however, due to the low bioavailability and the need for complex biotransformation in the body, the possibility of their use in medical practice continues to be diffi cult.
The role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and interleukin-2 receptor alpha subunit in development of critical condition in pneumonia patients with influenza (H1N1)
Authors:   Chita State Medical Academy, Malyarchikov A.V. , Shаpovаlov K.G. ,   Chita State Medical Academy
Published: March 2022

The aim of the research. To assess the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2 Ra) in development of critical illness in pneumonia patients with underlying influenza A (H1N1). Material and methods. A total of 85 patients with pneumonia associated with influenza A (H1N1) were examined. Among them, 30 patients suffered from severe pneumonia while 55 had non-severe pneumonia. Th e mean age of the patients amounted to 52 [38; 67]. Th e group was constituted by 48 % male and 52 % female patients. Th e diagnosis of infl uenza A / H1N1 was confirmed by positive PCR test results. Th e CURB / CRB-65 scales were used to diagnose and assess the severity of pneumonia; this was also performed using SMART-COP, the Federal Clinical Guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “Community-acquired pneumonia in adults”, 2019 and the IDSA / ATS criteria (pneumonia was considered severe in presence of one major or three minor criteria). Plasma concentration of MMP-2 and IL-2 Ra molecules (sCD25) was measured through flow cytometry with the Beckman Coulter analyser (USA) using LEGENDplex™ HU Immune Checkpoint Panel 1 and Human Vascular Inflammation Panel 1 Beckman Coulter (USA) multiplex assay kits. Results. It was established that patients with severe pneumonia and underlying influenza A (H1N1) had plasma concentration of MMP-2 and sCD25 increased 2-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively. Conclusion. Statistically signifi cant increase in the concentration of MMP-2 and IL-2 Ra in pneumonia patients with underlying influenza A (H1N1) indicates the occurrence of proinflammatory conditions for the development of a critical state, as well as the involvement of negative regulation components of the T-cell response into the cascade of adaptive immune responses, which is associated with severity of the condition.
Application of convolutional neural networks for recognition of diabetic retinopathy in digital images
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Mamedov T.H. , Dzjuba D.V. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Narkevich A.N. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: March 2022

The aim of the research. Training of a convolutional neural network for recognition of diabetic retinopathy in digital images of the ocular fundus. Material and methods. A set of digital images from the Kaggle open-access digital repository was used. The set included 12,498 scans of the ocular fundus: 4,584 scans included signs of diabetic retinopathy while 7,914 images did not have such signs. The images with signs of diabetic retinopathy were additionally subdivided according to the disease stages. Building of mathematical models for the convolutional neural network was performed in the PyCharm programming environment using the Python programming language. Results. The maximum accuracy achieved during training of the mathematical model of the convolutional neural network for classification into 5 classes (absence of diabetic retinopathy signs and 4 stages in presence of such signs) was only 57.4 % [56.9; 57.9]. Training of the mathematical model of the convolutional neural network for binary classification (presence of retinopathy at any stage or its absence) lead to 80.7 % accuracy [79.9; 81.2] in recognition of diabetic retinopathy on digital images of the eye retina. Conclusion. A trained convolutional neural network model for binary classification provides for a sufficient degree of accuracy in classification and recognition of presence of diabetic retinopathy in digital images of the eye retina. Therefore, this model may be applied for screening of diabetic retinopathy if integrated with medical information systems or relevant medical equipment.
Prunus persica L., Nelumbo nucifera, Hibiscus mutabilis L., Agastache rugosa, Wolfiporia extensa Extracts to Improve Skin Wrinkles
Authors: Choi Mi Jeong
Published: March 2022

Purpose: In this study, mixed extracts of Prunus persica L., BATSCH, Nelumbo nucifera, Hibiscus mutabilis L., Agastache rugosa, and Wolfiporia extensa (PNHAW), which are effective in improving skin wrinkles, was prepared. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cosmetic functionality of this extracts through a mouse animal model.Methods: In this study, skin wrinkle width evaluation, skin moisture content, erythema amount, melanin content measurement, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene expression level in skin tissue, and safety evaluation were performed to evaluate the wrinkle improvement cosmetic function of the experimental sample.Results: As a result of this study, the experimental sample PNHAW-4 showed the best efficacy. As a result of evaluating the skin wrinkle width, the experimental group showed 19.3% less than the control group, and the skin moisture content, erythema amount, and melanin content showed superior efficacy compared to the control group. In particular, the amount of erythema of PNHAW-4 (224.5) was inhibited by 43.2% compared to the control group (395.7), and melanin was decreased by 45.9% compared to the control group. In addition, PNHAW-4 inhibited the increase in MMP-1 activity by 38% compared to the control group. As a result of the experiment, the experimental sample showed an excellent skin wrinkle improvement effect.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the mask pack prepared from the experimental sample has an excellent collagen production promoting effect and can be applied as a safe natural wrinkle-improving cosmetic material that does not cause skin irritation.
Effects of Cream Containing Three-Dimensional Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium Secreting Growth Factors on Skin Elasticity
Authors: Kim Kyung Hye , Lee Sunray , Bae Seunghee , An Sungkwan
Published: March 2022

Purpose: In this study, the effect on skin elasticity of a cream containing three-dimensional human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (3D ADMSC-CM) was examined.Methods: The clinical efficacy of the cream was evaluated by examining the skin for skin lifting, elasticity, and resilience after examining the cell proliferative capacity, expression levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in 3D ADMSC-CM, and collagen expression in skin cells due to the 3D ADMSC-CM cream.Results: Skin cell viability was well maintained, with no cytotoxicity from the 3D ADMSC-CM. The amount of EGF and VEGF contained in the 3D ADMSC-CM was 2.692 pg/mL and 27.89 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, skin cells treated with the 3D ADMSC-CM cream experienced a collagen expression increase of 183%. In clinical evaluation of the 3D ADMSC-CM cream, skin lifting and skin elasticity improvement showed significant effects at both two and four weeks. After the 3D ADMSC-CM cream was used, the improved skin elasticity and resilience was analyzed by variables, and an improvement was observed in both after two and four weeks of use.Conclusion: A cream containing 3D ADMSC-CM derived from a 3D culture environment, similar to that of an in vivo environment, is highly effective in enhancing skin elasticity, and 3D ADMSC-CM is expected to lead the field of cosmeceuticals.
HYDROCARBON PROSPECTS OF THE CHULAKANSKAYA AREA IN THE KRANOYARSK TERRITORY ACCORDING TO GEOCHEMICAL DATA
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Bitner A. K. , Gafurov D. O. ,   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Gafurov O. M. ,   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Myshevskiy N. V. ,   Irkutsk Oil Company, Temenyova E. V. ,   Irkutsk Oil Company, Gafurov A. O. ,   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Samkov A. V. ,   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources
Published: March 2022

Soil vapor survey o soil deposits exposed by erosion has been carried out on the Chulakanskaya area. The areal migration arch-like anomalous zone coinciding with the Chulakan uplift and the semicircular zone around the East Chulakan uplift have been mapped. The field of increased helium concentrations reflects elem of deep fault tectonics. The deposits prediction was conducted on the basis of the neural network modeling by the mathematical apparatus technique; the forecast is correlated with specified uplifts. The presence of the hydrocarbon migration shows on the Chulakanskaya area and the results of statistical processing of geochemical data indicate the possible existence of gas condensate accumulations with oil rims similar to the Sobinskoye one. The area is recommended for exploratory drilling.
ISOTOPIC AND GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY OF POTENTIALLY OIL-AND-GAS SOURCE DEPOSITS OF THE RIPHEAN IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF THE SIBERIAN PLATFORM
Authors:   Tomsk Branch of Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Golyshev S. I. , Sobolev P. N. ,   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Padalko N. L. ,   Tomsk Branch of Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Dykhan S. I. ,   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Yavorov P. F. ,   Tomsk Branch of Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Prazdnichnykh M. I. ,   Tomsk Branch of Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Chernikov E. V. ,   Tomsk Branch of Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources
Published: March 2022

Based on the study of the carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of the carbonate constituent of rocks (CCR) and carbon of dispersed organic matter (DOM), the facies conditions of sedimentation of the Middle Riphean Totinskaya and Malginskaya formations and Lakhandinian series of the Upper Riphean in the southeast of the Siberian Platform were revealed. The main isotopic criteria of the Middle Riphean domanicoid formation within the Aldan-Maya sedimentary basin of the Siberian Platform have been determined. The exogenous and endogenous factors necessary for the formation of domanicoid deposits of the Malginskaya Formation are considered. A mechanism leading to the formation of abnormally low 13C content in the Middle and Upper Riphean sediments with a range of –33.0...–35.0 ‰ is proposed. On the basis of isotopic data potentially-enable source-bed horizons within the Aldan-Maya depression are examined.
METHOD FOR CALCULATING GRAVITY ANOMALIES RELATIVE TO A QUASIGEOID
Authors:   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Fedyanin A. P.
Published: March 2022

A method for calculating gravity anomalies relative to a quasigeoid is described. The following formulas are given: reduction of values of the normal gravity from the ellipsoid surface to the quasigeoid surface; calculation of the conditional density of rocks of the Bouger plate; calculation of gravity anomalies relative to the quasigeoid. An example of comparison of the Bouguer gravities and anomalies relative to a quasi-geoid is given; it shows the advantages of the latter for the geological interpretation of gravity survey data.
Identification of Ectoparasites and Gastrointestinal Parasites in Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus)
Authors: Ulum Moh. Ilham Rizkul , Lazuardi Mochamad , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Hastutiek Poedji , Soeharsono Soeharsono , Amrullah Amirul Muslim
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the prevalence and identify ectoparasite and gastrointestinal parasites in Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) in Kediri Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted in January 2021 with 100 samples of body swabs and feces of Eurasian tree sparrow. The examination was done in the Anugerah Satwa Veterinary Clinic in Kediri Regency using direct smear and flotation methods. The observations in this study showed that from 100 samples of body swabs, 38 samples (38%) were infested with ectoparasites which are Dermoglyphus sp. and Strelkoviacarus sp. and from 100 feces samples, 47 samples (47%) were infected with helminthic eggs with the single infections by Ascaridia sp. as much as 12%, Dispharynx sp. as much as 1% and mixed infections of Ascaridia sp. and Dispharynx sp. were 25%. Assessed by examination for the protozoa also found that Isospora sp. was present with prevalence of 100% of the 100 sparrow feces samples examined.
PERBANDINGAN PROPORSI PEMBIAYAAN UMKM PADA PERBANKAN UMUM DAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hidayah Nusrotul , Cahyono Eko Fajar
Published: March 2022

This study aims to compare the proportion of MSME financing from total financing in commercial banking and Islamic banking in Indonesia in 2014- 2018. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with the Mann Whitney test. This study used secondary data obtained from the Financial Services Authority’s (OJK) website. The study result showed a significance value (probability) that was smaller than 0.05, meaning that the proportion of MSME financing to total financing in Islamic banking in Indonesia was greater than the proportion of MSME credit to total credit. It shows that the presence of Islamic banking has had a positive impact on the growth of the real sector, especially MSME through mudharabah and musharakah schemes or direct investment schemes and profit sharing so that MSME can contribute to employment, domestic income, and resilience in dealing with economic shocks.Keywords: Banking, Credit, Financing, MSME
PENGARUH RELIGIUSITAS, PRODUK DAN LAYANAN TERHADAP MINAT MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI KABUPATEN GARUT UNTUK BERTRANSAKSI DENGAN BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Resiana Rani Surya , Cupian Cupian
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out what is the influence of religiosity, product, and service on Islamic community’s interest in Garut to perform financial transaction with sharia banking. The research method used was quantitative descriptive method. The sample of this study are 100 person from community of Garut that actively do the transaction with Sharia Bank Mandiri, Sharia Bank BJB, and Bank Muamalat. The result of the study shows that simultaneously, religiosity, product, and service factors together influences the Islamic community’s interest in Garut to perform financial transactions with sharia banking. However, partially or individually just two variabels, it is religiousity and service that affect significantly while product variabel not is not affect significantly influences the Islamic community’s interest in Garut to perform transaction with sharia banking.Keywords: Sharia Banking, Religiousity, Transaction, Muslim Community
The qualification improvement model for teachers of philology on the use of cloud technologies in pedagogical activity
Authors: Ishchenko Yevhenii , Kharchenko Tetiana , Myhovych Iryna , Didkivska Iuliia , Viktorina Olena
Published: March 2022

The use of information and communication technologies in education, including cloud technologies, has recently become an urgent issue. The main reasons for the growing interest in cloud technologies are the need to find alternative forms of learning to traditional ones, as well as the conformity of functional capabilities of cloud technologies to modern needs of optimisation of educational branch. Application of cloud technologies in educational process requires teachers to have appropriate qualification. The aim of this work was to develop a qualification improvement model for foreign language teachers, which could help them acquire the necessary theoretical knowledge, as well as practical skills and abilities to use cloud technologies in professional activities. This paper used methods of analysis of existing models of teacher training, as well as the survey and mathematical methods of processing the results of experimental research. The model of advanced training is created in the work, which helps teachers of Philology to acquire the necessary skills and abilities of productive use of cloud technologies. In addition, it allows you to gain new knowledge in the field of foreign philology, pedagogy and psychology. According to this study, as a result of using such a model, foreign language teachers acquire the necessary skills and abilities to use cloud technologies in the educational process. They allow them to achieve didactic goals in professional activities. As this study showed, foreign language teachers can achieve didactic goals in professional activities using cloud technology through the proposed model. It was found that the developed model is highly efficient. The results of this study can be useful to scientists and educators who are engaged in finding and researching effective learning models that rely on modern technology. Prospects for future research may be to improve existing teacher training models and develop new ones in accordance with the state of digital technologies.
Application of Silica Nutrients Improves Plant Growth and Biomass Production of Paddy under Saline Conditions
Authors: Nasrudin Nasrudin , Rosmala Arrin , Wijoyo Rachmanto Bambang
Published: March 2022

Salinity makes disorder to plant physiological causes decreasing in biomass production. Applying silica nutrients is expected to increase paddy (Oryza sativa L.) tolerance to salinity. The study aims to examine the effects of the application of silica nutrients under saline conditions regarding plant growth analysis and its correlation to paddy biomass production. The research was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was NaCl concentrations consisting of four levels, including non-saline, 4 dS m-1, 8 dS m-1 and 12 dS m-1. The second factor was silica doses per kg soil with three levels including 300 mg, 450 mg and 600 mg. The treatments were repeated three times. The result showed that the NaCl concentration affected root shoot ratio at harvest. Silica dosage affected leaf area index 8 weeks after planting (WAP), root shoot ration at harvest and net assimilation rate. Interaction of NaCl concentration and silica dose affected root shoot ratio in 8 WAP and at harvest. Plant growth analysis illustrated on leaf area index, plant growth rate and root shoot ratio correlated positively with biomass production. However, the harvest index and net assimilation rate showed negative correlations to biomass production. The application of silica nutrients had the potential to improve paddy growth and yield under saline conditions.
Investigation and Analysis on the Factors Influencing the Use of E-Commerce for Marketing SMEs’ Dairy Products: A Case Study at SUSDAGTEL SMEs in Bengkulu, Indonesia
Authors: Novanda Ridha Rizki , Saputra Helfi Eka , Priyono Basuki Sigit , Sriyoto Sriyoto
Published: March 2022

During the pandemic, inadequate knowledge in e-commerce is one of the obstacles in the e-commerce system. As a result, it is critical to examine the determinants of dairy product marketing using e-commerce during social distancing. This study aims to analyze the factors of SMEs’ dairy product marketing using e-commerce during social distancing. The research was conducted in Bengkulu, with 31 respondents who were members of the milk, meat and eggs association (SUSDAGTEL). The respondent groups were selected purposively to identify the factors using e-commerce. The data analysis was carried out quantitatively, which is determining the influencing factors with partial least square tools. The results of hypothesis testing have shown that external factors and technological factors do not affect the use of e-commerce in marketing SMEs’ dairy products, while both the performance of SMEs and the orientation readiness affect the use of e-commerce in SMEs. The SME performance has a significant effect on the use of e-commerce with a P-value of 0.000. The organizational readiness factor has a significant effect on the use of e-commerce with a P-value of 0.009. SME actors are elevated to the highest level of priority in the strategy's implementation. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in advancing the use of e-commerce in dairy product marketing.
Socio-Economic Determinants of Smallholder Tree Plantation in Basona-Werana Woreda in the North Shoa of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Abate Tensaye , Yohannes Temesgen
Published: March 2022

Tree growing by smallholders is an emerging livelihood strategy in Basona-Werana Woreda of the North Shoa Zone of Amhara Regional State. The objective of this study was to identify socio-economic determinants of the smallholder tree growing in the study area. Data were collected from the household survey, key informants and focus group discussions. The binary logistic regression model was employed to identify the socio-economic determinants of smallholder tree growing behavior. According to the study, about 55% of tree growers generated their livelihood income from tree planting whereas 72% of non-growers generated income from livestock. Family size of the household and age positively and significantly affected tree planting decisions at P < 0.10 and P < 0.01, respectively. Meanwhile, livestock ownership and distance to the market were negatively and significantly influenced the decision to tree planting at P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, correspondingly. Similarly, total household income positively and significantly (P < 0.01) affected tree planting decisions. This study concluded that the socio-economic circumstances of smallholder farmers must be taken into account in the formulation of initiatives and policies aimed at encouraging smallholders to grow trees in their farming systems to improve livelihood and sustainable agricultural production.
Identifying Research Priorities in Musculoskeletal Trauma Care in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   Orthopaedic Research Collaboration in Africa
Published: March 2022

Background:

In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), individuals suffer from a disproportionately higher number of musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries compared with those living in a high-income setting. However, despite the higher burden of death and disability from MSK injuries in LMICs, there has been little policy, research, and funding invested in addressing this distinctly overlooked problem. Using a consensus-based approach, the aim of this study was to identify research priorities for clinical trials and research in MSK trauma care across sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods:

A modified Delphi technique was utilized; it involved an initial scoping survey, a 2-round Delphi process, and, finally, review by an expert panel with members of the Orthopaedic Research Collaboration in Africa. This study was conducted among MSK health-care practitioners treating trauma in sub-Saharan Africa.

Results:

Participants from 34 countries across sub-Saharan Africa contributed to the 2 rounds of the Delphi process, and priorities were scored from 1 (low priority) to 5 (high priority). Public health topics related to trauma care ranked higher than those focused on clinical effectiveness, with the top 10 public health research questions scoring higher than the top 10 questions for clinical effectiveness. Ten public health and 10 clinical effectiveness questions related to MSK trauma care were identified; the highest-ranked questions in the respective categories were related to education and training and to the management of femoral fractures.

Conclusions:

This consensus-driven research priority study will guide health-care professionals, academics, researchers, and funders to improve the evidence on MSK trauma care across sub-Saharan Africa and inform funders about priority areas of future research.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar dan Aktivitas Siswa Melalui Penerapan Model Discovery Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Geografi Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Kesesi
Authors: Haryono Sri
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran discovery pada pelajaran geografi kelas X SMA materi liosfer (2) Menganalisis peningkatan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran discovery pada materi litosfer mata pelajaran geografi di SMA Negeri 1 Kesesi Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Desain penelitian menggunakan tahapan Kemmis & Tagart yang terdiri dari 4 tahap (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) Pengamatan, dan (4) Refleksi. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas X IPS-5 SMA Negeri  1 Kesesi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa (1) Model pembelajaran discovery dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini terlihat pada siklus I terdapat peningkatan menjadi 20%, dan pada siklus II menjadi 100% dengan indikator ketercapaian prestasi belajar melebihi dari yang ditetapkan yaitu 80% siswa dengan mendapat nilai minimal 75. (2) Aktivitas siswa dalam belajar menunjukkan adanya kenaikan nilai rata-rata dari 61,64 pada siklus I menjadi 70,39 pada siklus II.

Kata kunci:Hasil belajar, aktivitas siswa, pembelajaran discovery

The purpose of this study were (1) to analyze the increase in student learning outcomes in discovery learning in geography lessons in class X SMA, liosphere material (2) to analyze the increase in student activity in discovery learning on lithosphere material in geography subjects at SMA Negeri 1 Kesesi, Pekalongan Regency. This research is a classroom action research. The research design used the Kemmis & Tagart stages which consisted of 4 stages (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The research sample was students of class X IPS-5 SMA Negeri 1 Kesesi. Data collection techniques using test techniques and observation sheets. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis. The results of the study concluded that (1) Discovery learning models can improve student learning outcomes. This can be seen in the first cycle there was an increase to 20%, and in the second cycle it became 100% with the achievement indicator of learning achievement exceeding what was determined, namely 80% of students with a minimum score of 75. (2) Student activities in learning showed an increase in the average score. -the average from 61.64 in the first cycle to 70.39 in the second cycle.
Pengembangan Media E-Learning Berbasis Moodle Sebagai Suplemen Pembelajaran Geografi Pada Materi Mitigasi Bencana Alam
Authors: Mariezki Raffi , Juita Erna , Dt Tanamir Momon
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan kelayakan dan praktikalitas e-learning berbasis moodle sebagai suplemen pembelajaran geografi pada materi mitigasi bencana alam. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian dan pengembangan model four d yaitu: Define, Design, Develovment,Desiminate. Subjek penelitian siswa SMA N 3 Padang kelas XI IPS. Pengembangan e-learning berbasis moodle  meliputi validasi para ahli media,pendidikan dan bahasa. Data validasi diolah dengan spss interclass coefisien corelation dan diperoleh hasil 0,957. Apabila milai lebih dari 0,5 maka dapat disimpulkan tingkat validasi memadai. Pengukuran kelayakan media diperoleh dari pengolahan data menggunakan microsoft Exel sehingga diperoleh total skor 282 denga mean 4,90 dan persentase 98% dengan predikat sangat baik. Uji praktikalitas media e-learning berbasis moodle berdasarkan data angket dan diperoleh hasil total skor 4077 dengan mean 4,1 dan persentase 82% dengan kategori sangat praktis.
Pemanfaatan Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) pada Citra SPOT-6 untuk Identifikasi Jenis Penutup Lahan Vegetasi di Kota Bogor
Authors: Farizkhar  , Somantri Lili , Himayah Shafira
Published: March 2022

Abstrak:Konversi lahan yang terjadi di wilayah perkotaan menajdikan keberadaan ruang terbuka hijau terancam. Ruang terbuka hijau terdiri dari vegetasi yang dapat dianalisis menggunakan penginderaan jauh.  Selain menggunakan penginderaan jauh, penerapan sistem informasi geografis (SIG) juga mengambil peran penting dalam mengelola dan menghasilkan suatu informasi spasial. Dengan integrasi penginderaan jauh dan SIG, setiap jenis penutup lahan dapat diketahui persebarannya secara spasial dan dapat dilakukan analisis hingga dipetakan. Citra satelit SPOT-6 digunakan sebagai data untuk mengekstrak informasi penutup lahan vegetasi dengan memanfaatkan metode klasifikasi berbasis objek atau Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA). Penelitian ini mengkaji pemanfaatan metode OBIA pada citra satelit SPOT-6 yang merupakan citra resolusi tinggi untuk mengidentifikasi penutup lahan berupa jenis vegetasi dengan karakteristik wilayah Kota Bogor. Akurasi penggunaan metode OBIA pada citra SPOT 6 mampu menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 94% dan nilai Kappa sebesar 91%. Dengan resolusi spasial citra SPOT-6 yang digunakan mencapai 1,5 meter, penggunaan metode OBIA di wilayah Kota Bogor mampu dengan baik menghasilkan klasifikasi penutup lahan vegetasi dengan jenis dan karakteristiknya. OBIA mampu membedakan kelas-kelas penutup lahan dengan karakteristik vegetasi yang berbeda seperti, pohon, semak dan belukar, serta herba dan rumput.

Kata kunci: OBIA, penutup lahan, vegetasi, RTH, SPOT-6

 

Abstract: Land conversion that occurs in urban areas makes the existence of green open spaces threatened. Green open space consists of vegetation that can be analyzed using remote sensing. In addition to using remote sensing, the application of geographic information systems (GIS) also plays an important role in managing and producing spatial information. With the integration of remote sensing and GIS, each type of land cover can be identified spatially and can be analyzed and mapped. SPOT-6 satellite imagery is used as data to extract vegetation land cover information by utilizing the Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) classification method. This study examines the use of the OBIA method on SPOT-6 satellite imagery which is a high-resolution image to identify land cover in the form of vegetation types with the characteristics of the Bogor City area. The accuracy of using the OBIA method on SPOT-6 images is able to produce an accuracy of 94% and a Kappa of 91%. With the spatial resolution of the SPOT-6 imagery used reaching 1.5 meters, the use of the OBIA method in the Bogor City area is able to produce a classification of vegetation land cover with its types and characteristics. OBIA is able to distinguish land cover classes with different vegetation characteristics such as trees, shrubs, as well as herbs and grasses.

Keywords: OBIA, land cover, vegetation, green open space, SPOT-6
The Role of Civic Capital During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Buonanno Paolo , Galletta Sergio , Puca Marcello
Published: March 2022

We show that civic capital plays an important role when assessing the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyzing data of a sample of municipalities from the Italian region of Lombardy we provide two new pieces of evidence: (i) the share of vaccinated individuals is higher in municipalities with higher civic capital; (ii) conditional on the severity of the first-wave, municipalities with higher civic capital were less affected in the second wave. Our findings corroborate the idea of civic capital as an important behavioral determinant to curb the spread of Sars-Cov-2.
Fatigue-induced changes in hamstrings' active muscle stiffness: Effect of contraction type and implications for strain injuries
Authors: Evangelidis Pavlos E. , Shan Xiyao , Otsuka Shun , Yang Chi , Yamagishi Takaki , Kawakami Yasuo
Published: March 2022

Hamstring strain injuries may occur due to selective fatigue and compromised mechanical properties within this muscle group. We examined 1) the effect of fatigue on hamstrings active muscle stiffness, and 2) whether contraction type affects these responses. Nine healthy males completed 99 submaximal knee flexions in isometric (ISO), concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) conditions. We measured knee flexor maximal voluntary torque (MVT) (pre/post), shear wave velocity (SWV) during contraction and transverse relaxation times (T2) (pre/post) in biceps femoris long head (BFlh), semitendinosus (ST) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles. MVT decreased substantially after all conditions, while SWV interindividual responses were highly variable across muscles and contraction types. In ISO, BFlh SWV tended to increase while ST and SM SWV remained unchanged. In contrast, in CON, SWV decreased markedly in ST and SM (p< 0.01), but not in BFlh. Finally, in ECC, SWV decreased in BFlh (p< 0.01) but it remained largely constant in ST and variable in SM. In conclusion, fatigue differentially affects the mechanical properties of the constituent hamstring muscles, depending on contraction type. We found evidence that BFlh is selectively fatigued during eccentric contractions, which may explain its susceptibility to strain injuries.
Cold whole blood transfusion in civilian trauma patients requiring emergent resuscitation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fischmann Marianna Martini , Bryant Sandra C. , Zielinski Martin D. , Stubbs James R.
Published: March 2022

Background: The use of cold whole blood (WB) is rapidly resurging as one of the treatment modalities of choice for the initial resuscitation of civilian trauma patients across the United States. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cold whole blood (WB) as compared to blood component therapy (BCT) in resuscitation of civilian trauma patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of trauma patients who received at least one unit of WB transfusion during emergent resuscitation between November 2015 and October 2019 at a level I trauma center. Primary outcome was mortality up to 30 days after trauma. Secondary outcomes included overall blood product utilization and incidence of transfusion reactions. Outcomes were compared between patients who received WB and a cohort receiving BCT who did not receive WB matched for age, sex, mechanism of injury, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale, injury severity score, and FAST results. Results: We included 78 patients who received WB transfusion and 78 matched controls. Within 30 days of injury, there were 19 deaths (24.4%) in the WB cohort and 28 (35.9%) deaths in controls (hazard ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.15, p = 0.086). Patients in the WB cohort received as many units of blood products as controls (median number of units was 10 (IQR 6, 20) vs. 12 (IQR 6, 23), p = 0.43). The incidence of any transfusion reactions was similar between groups (7.7% in WB vs 9.0% in controls, p = 0.78). Life-threatening reactions did not occur in any of the groups. Conclusions: There was no mortality difference between patients receiving cold WB and BCT. Cold WB was safe in this cohort with no life-threatening transfusion reactions.
Potential Effect of Preferential Flow on Nitrification and Denitrification in Coastal Unconfined Aquifer
Authors: Gao Chao , Kong Jun , Wang Jun , Zhang Jinming , Chen Weilun , Hua Guofen
Published: March 2022

This study examined the influence of preferential flow on salinity change, pore water flows, and solute transport reaction in variable saturation and variable density coastal aquifers. The 2-D unconfined aquifer model established was based on the finite element software COMSOL by coupling the dynamic and chemical processes together. The simulated results showed that both preferential flow and tide wave affect groundwater flow, leading to a more complicated mixing process than by only considering a single factor. Compared with the tidal force, the preferential flow was found to effectively reduce the length of seawater intrusion. The deeper the depth of preferential flow, the more significant the effect. Owing to this complex and dynamic process, nitrification mainly took place in the shallower zone adjacent to the coast, where oxic seawater and groundwater interact intensively. Denitrification, on the other hand, was dominant in the middle zone of the aquifer, where the oxygen was relatively lesser. Further quantitative analysis revealed an increase in the intensity of nitrification and dissolved oxygen inflow flux with preferential flow depth. This also led to a decrease in the nitrate removal efficiency. This phenomenon usually occurs on coasts where biological caves are abundant. The results also offer significant implications for designing engineering measures to mitigate saltwater intrusion and groundwater quality management in coastal zones.
Divergent effects of short-term warming on microbial resource limitation between topsoil and subsoil in a young subtropical Chinese fir forest
Authors: zheng wei , Lin Weisheng , Fan Yuexin , Li Yiqing , Zhou Jiacong , Zheng Yong , Chen Shidong , Liu Xiaofei , Xiong Decheng , Xu Chao , Yang Zhijie , Yang Yusheng
Published: March 2022

Purpose The effect of warming on microbial resource limitations, especially in resource-poor subsoils, remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of warming on microbial resource [carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)] limitation and explored their relationships with soil properties and microbial community structure in topsoil (0-10 cm) and subsoil (40-60 cm).Methods In 2014, ten 2 m×2 m plots were established and assigned to the warming and control treatments at a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation in southern China. Microbial resource limitation with warming treatment was accessed via vector analysis of soil extracellular enzymatic stoichiometry after two years.Results Warming aggravated microbial C limitation in the topsoil but alleviated microbial C limitation in the subsoil, while it shifted the microbial nutrient limitation from P limitation to N limitation in the subsoil. Soil microbial C limitation was explained by soil properties (specifically, ammonium nitrogen) in the topsoil while by microbial community composition in the subsoil based on variance partition analysis. The soil microbial nutrient limitation was explained by soil properties in the topsoil and subsoil. The decrease in actinomycetes abundance in the warming treatment may have led to a decreased microbial C limitation in the subsoil. Conclusion Our study highlighted the differences in warming effects between the topsoil and subsoil. We argue that the microbial resource demand of the subsoil should be further implemented in soil biogeochemistry to improve the prediction of the impact of climate warming on soil C dynamics.
Pathogenic bacteria may affectthe bacterial community structure in the sea adjacent to the sewage outlet
Authors: Fan Jingfeng , Fu Yunhan , Su Jie , Ming Hongxia , Dai Feng , Shi Tingting , Jin Yuan , Guan Daoming
Published: March 2022

Although previous studies have analyzed bacterial diversity and community composition in marine ecosystems, some focused on the relationship between pathogenic bacteria and the composition of bacterial communities in sewage outfalls. The interactions between four pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, fecal coliforms) isolated from the sewage outfall and the bacterial diversity were investigated in the sea adjacent to the Xinghai sewage outlet, China to illustrate the influence of pathogenic bacteria on the bacterial community structure. Higher bacterial diversity was observed in the sewage outlet, and the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and bacterial diversity generally decreased with the increase in the distance from the sewage outlet. Bacterial community structure was mainly influenced by water temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen in summer and winter, while pH, Oxidation-Reduction Potential and salinity were the main factors in autumn. The bacterial abundance had the most significant correlation with E. coli, followed by Enterococcus and fecal coliforms, and the least with Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli (-0.76 < r < 0.79) and Enterococcus (-0.88 < r < 0.77) had similar correlations to the same bacteria, in contrast to Staphylococcus aureus (-0.62 < r < 0.63). The above suggested that pathogenic bacteria may affect the bacterial community structure in the sea adjacent to the sewage outlet besides environmental factors.
A case report of nasopharyngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Tenglong , Wang Jie , Sun Li , Xiang Qingyu , Guo Chengye , Han Mei , Zhao Lei
Published: March 2022

Background: The purpose of this article is to report the treatment outcome of a patient with nasopharyngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma.Method: The patient received concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CRT) for the primary lesion and microwave ablation for isolated hepatic metastasis later.Results: Complete remission (CR) was achieved after the completion of concurrent CRT. However, prophylactic cranial irradiation(PCI) was not performed. Isolated hepatic metastasis was diagnosed 3 months after the completion of CRT. Then microwave ablation for isolated hepatic metastasis was performed cc. Finally, unlike the most common death caused by brain metastasis in literature retrieval, the patient died of hepatic function failure caused by multiple hepatic metastasis. The overall survival(OS) of the patient is about 18 months.Conclusion: Standardized concurrent CRT also has a good therapeutic effect on nasopharyngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma.The administration of prophylactic cranial irradiation may not be necessary for nasopharyngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma,which remains to be conformed.