bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The First 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) System in Kazakhstan: Planning and Designing
Authors: Chicherin Stanislav , Zhuikova Yana , Pyanykh Tatyana , Zhuikov Andrey , Baidyussenov Galym , Abildinova Saule
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on the potential for integrating Geographic Information System (GIS) software with 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) systems to promote efficient and sustainable energy management, particularly in Kazakhstan. By reviewing key literature, we identify three main areas where GIS software enhances the planning of 5GDHC systems: decision-making in the context of energy market regulations, operational data utilization, and modeling/simulations for technical design. The technical design emphasizes the role of heat pumps, Ultra-Low Temperature District Heating (ULTDH) networks, and end-user buildings. Previous research has explored various methodologies for integrating network and demand-side strategies, developing sustainable district heating and cooling (DHC) systems, and mapping urban areas suitable for DHC deployment. However, none have presented an open-source model incorporating GIS-based decision-making for designing 5GDHC systems. This study, for the first time, addresses this gap through a case study conducted in the Northern Industrial Zone of Karaganda, Kazakhstan, demonstrating how GIS-enhanced modeling can be effectively applied in a developing industry-driven economy. We outline the mathematical framework for comparing existing simulation tools and developing a custom model suited to the region's needs. Additionally, we discuss validation and calibration methods, which remain underexplored in current literature. The proposed model incorporates waste heat recovery from local sources, including nearby wastewater treatment plants, showcasing a sustainable energy solution for the industrial park. Results indicate that a well-structured 5GDHC system, supported by GIS tools, can markedly enhance energy efficiency and sustainability, presenting a scalable and adaptable approach for other regions in Kazakhstan and beyond.
The Interplay Between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Heart Failure: Mechanisms, Associations, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Sotoudeheian Mohammadjavad
Published: November 2024

The interplay between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and heart failure (HF) reveals a significant and complex relationship marked by shared metabolic, inflammatory, and fibrotic pathways. This review explores their combined epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical implications, emphasizing the need for integrative management approaches. MASLD, which encompasses a range of liver conditions from benign steatosis to advanced fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, is tightly linked with metabolic syndrome, while HF represents the culmination of systemic and cardiovascular stresses often exacerbated by comorbid conditions like diabetes and hypertension. Their mutual pathophysiology involves disruptions in lipid metabolism, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and fibrosis, with MASLD-associated inflammatory markers accelerating HF progression and vice versa. Epidemiological studies underscore MASLD’s association with elevated cardiovascular risk, particularly HF, which persists even after adjusting for traditional risk factors. This narrative review underscores the urgent need for early diagnosis, risk factor management, and novel therapeutic targets to mitigate the escalating burden of MASLD and HF on global health, especially within aging populations increasingly affected by metabolic disorders.
Decentralized Energy Markets: Designing Incentive Mechanisms for Small-Scale Renewable Energy Producers
Authors: Luo Dongwen
Published: November 2024

As the demand for renewable energy continues to rise, decentralized energy markets have emerged as a promising solution to empower small-scale producers, such as residential solar energy generators. This paper explores the design and implementation of incentive mechanisms that facilitate direct energy transactions between producers and consumers within a decentralized framework. We analyze the key components of these mechanisms, including dynamic pricing, reward systems, and risk-sharing strategies, and compare them to traditional centralized trading models. Through a quantitative analysis of potential revenue outcomes for small producers in both systems, we demonstrate that decentralized markets can enhance profitability and encourage greater participation in renewable energy production. Additionally, we discuss the role of blockchain technology in ensuring transparency, security, and efficiency in these markets. Our findings suggest that welldesigned incentive mechanisms are crucial for the success of decentralized energy markets and offer significant benefits for both producers and consumers, paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient energy future.
An In-Depth Review of Barriers, Strategies, and Opportunities for Enhancing Female Participation in STEM
Authors: Pride Courage Fokom Kamga , Tania Cyrielle Ngnotouom Ngnokam , Serge Andigema ANGYIBA
Published: November 2024

This comprehensive review examines the persistent underrepresentation of women in computer science education, with a particular focus on Cameroon, where cultural, economic, and systemic barriers severely limit female participation. Despite the global demand for tech talent and the rapid advancement of digital economies, women account for only 21% of computer science students in Cameroon, echoing the broader gender gap in STEM fields across Africa. By synthesizing global trends and zooming into the localized challenges faced by Cameroonian women, this paper illuminates a critical disparity that not only limits diversity in technology but also stymies the region's potential for inclusive innovation and sustainable growth.Through a multifaceted analysis, we explore barriers including entrenched gender norms, limited educational resources, and economic constraints that prioritize male education over female. Our review identifies both successful and underperforming interventions, evaluating policies, mentorship initiatives, and educational programs aimed at fostering gender equity in STEM. We highlight the importance of policy reform, societal shifts, and targeted support networks to dismantle these barriers and advocate for a culturally adaptive approach to empower women in technology. This paper provides actionable insights and recommendations for policymakers, educators, and industry leaders dedicated to building an equitable STEM landscape in Cameroon and beyond.In contributing to the global discourse on gender equity in STEM, this review serves as a vital resource for stakeholders across academia, industry, and government, fostering a nuanced understanding of the steps necessary to bridge the gender gap. By addressing the underrepresentation of women in computer science, Cameroon—and other regions with similar challenges—can cultivate a workforce poised for innovation, harnessing the full potential of its female talent to advance both technological and societal progress.
An Analysis of the Compensation and Benefits Packages Offered to Healthcare Professionals in Ghana: Are They Competitive Enough to Retain Talent?
Authors: Samuel Aboagye , Haozhen Zhu
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the competitiveness of compensation and benefits packages for healthcare professionals in Ghana to address the country’s shortage of skilled medical staff. By analyzing salary structures, incentives, and benefits compared to international standards, this study examines how remuneration impacts retention and migration rates. Findings indicate that low compensation and insufficient benefits are significant factors driving emigration and high turnover among healthcare workers. Additionally, the study discusses the relevance of Total Rewards Theory and best practices in compensation to enhance job satisfaction and retention. The results suggest policy recommendations to improve salary scales, working conditions, and career development opportunities, aiming to attract and retain qualified healthcare professionals within Ghana’s healthcare system.
Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet Score Correlates with the Occurrence and Prognosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients: Data from Two Large Cohorts
Authors: Xing Lingzhi , Xie Fangjiao , Zhong Zuorong , Chen BaiYuLu , Li Wenqing , Zhang Yingdan , Chen Liyuan , Liao GuoJia , Li Letai , Wang LeZhi , Gong Yubowen , Wang Dan , Chen Ling
Published: November 2024

This study is intended to explore the relationship between the HALP score and the incidence as well as mortality of DKD in type 2 diabetes. We also evaluated whether reversing the HALP score could reduce mortality outcomes. This study included 25,750 type 2 diabetes patients from NHANES (1999–2018) and Southwest China (2013–2022). HALP score was calculated as [hemoglobin (g/L) × albumin (g/L)×lymphocytes (/L)]/platelets (/L). DKD was diagnosed based on ACR ≥30 mg/g and/or eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m². The relationship between HALP score and DKD was explored using logistic regression model, and Cox regression models were used to evaluate its association with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Subgroup analyses explored the effects of dietary fiber intake and NSAIDs use on HALP score and mortality. Higher HALP score were significantly associated with a lower risk of DKD (NHANES, HR 0.502; Southwest China, HR 0.528) in an antagonist manner. Additionally, higher HALP score was related to decreased all-cause (HR 0.765, p <0.001) and CVD-related mortality（HR 0.667, p <0.001）.We also discovered the same outcome in DKD patients with low dietary fiber intake (HR 0.695, p <0.001) or NSAIDs use (HR 0.733, p <0.001). The magnitude of associations was not materially altered in any of the sensitivity analyses. High HALP score was independently associated with risk of DKD and its all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Regular HALP monitoring could aid in risk stratification and clinical decisions for DKD in type 2 diabetes.
Rutting Caused by Grouser-Wheel of Planetary Rover in Single Wheel Testbed: LiDAR Topographic Scanning and Analysis
Authors: Takehana Keisuke , Ares Vinicius Emanoel , Santra Shreya , Uno Kentaro , Rohmer Eric , Yoshida Kazuya
Published: November 2024

This paper presents datasets and analysis of 3D LiDAR scans capturing the rutting behavior of a rover wheel in a single-wheel terramechanics testbed. The data were acquired using a LiDAR sensor to record the terrain deformation caused by the wheel’s passage through a Toyoura sandbed, which mimics lunar regolith. Vertical loads of 25N, 40N, and 65N were applied to study how rutting patterns change, focusing on rut amplitude, height, and inclination. The study emphasizes the extraction and processing of terrain profiles from noisy point cloud data, using methods like curve fitting and moving averages to capture the ruts’ geometric characteristics. A sine wave model, adjusted for translation, scaling, and inclination, was fitted to describe the wheel-induced wave-like patterns. It was found that the mean height of the terrain increases after the grouser wheel passes, forming ruts that slope downward, likely due to the transition from static to dynamic sinkage. Both rut depth at the end of the wheel travel and incline increased with larger loads. The findings contribute to understanding wheel-terrain interactions and provide a reference for validating and calibrating models and simulations. The dataset from this study is made available to the scientific community.
Can Short- Video Work? The Effects of Use & Gratification and Social Presence on Purchase Intention: Examining the Mediating Role of Digital Dependency
Authors: Jiang Wenyu , Chen Hsiu-Li
Published: November 2024

This study employs use and gratification and social presence as antecedent variables to investigate their impacts on the purchase intention of the products presented in the short video. The research model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Some significant findings of our empirical study include: (1) Use & Gratification and social presence significantly enhance consumers' perceived value, which subsequently positively influences their attitude towards short video content; (2) perceived value and attitude towards short videos have positive effects on digital dependency, which in turn positively impacts purchase intention. (3) Digital dependency mediates the relationship between perceived value and purchase intention, as well as between attitude and purchase intention. We concluded that the AI system algorithm increases the likelihood of users encountering videos aligned with their preferences, thereby fostering a greater digital dependency. Businesses utilizing short video marketing must enhance content quality, focusing on user engagement and social presence, to effectively attract both new and returning viewers. When users possess a strong understanding of value and attitude, algorithms can cultivate a digital dependence on video content, subsequently influencing their purchase behavior.
Regeneration Filter: Enhancing Mosaic Algorithm for Near Salt & Pepper Noise Reduction
Authors: Ivković Ratko M , Milošević Ivana M , Milivojević Zoran N
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a Regeneration filter for reducing near Salt-and-Pepper (nS\&P) noise in images, designed for selective noise removal while simultaneously preserving structural details. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed filter eliminates the need for median or other filters, focusing exclusively on restoring noise-affected pixels through localized contextual analysis in the immediate surroundings. Our approach employs an iterative processing method, where additional iterations do not degrade the image quality achieved after the first filtration, even with high noise densities up to 97\% spatial distribution. To ensure the results are measurable and comparable with other methods, the filter’s performance was evaluated using standard image quality assessment metrics. Experimental evaluations across various image databases confirm that our filter consistently provides high-quality results. The code is implemented in the R programming language, and both data and code used for the experiments are available in a public repository, allowing for replication and verification of the findings.
Improving Passband Characteristics in Chebyshev Sharpened Comb Decimation Filters
Authors: Jovanovic Dolecek Gordana , Fernandez-Vazquez Alfonso
Published: November 2024

This work presents the design of optimal and multiplierless compensators for Chebyshev sharpened comb decimation filters. The narrowband and wideband compensators are proposed. For the narrowband, the compensator with a magnitude response is proposed in a sinusoidal form, while for the wideband, two compensators with magnitude responses of two sinusoidal functions are introduced. The optimum design is performed using particle swarm optimization (PSO), while the multiplierless design is realized by presenting optimum parameters in a signed-power-of-two (SPT) form. Unlike methods in the literature, this approach presents flexibility in design, allowing for an exchange between the quality of optimization and the complexity. Comparisons with the compensators from the literature demonstrated that the proposed method provides much better compensation while requiring fewer or slightly increased number of adders.
Comparison of Different Numerical Models for Solidification of Paraffin-Based PCMs and Evaluation of the Effect of Variable Mushy Zone Constant
Authors: Tajik Jamalabad Milad , Cortes Cristobal , Pallarés Javier , Gil Antonia , Arauzo Inmaculada
Published: November 2024

The impact of the mushy zone parameter (Amushy) and the numerical model during the solidification of a commercial paraffin-type PCM in a vertical cylinder under T-history conditions was examined numerically. The cooling process was simulated using three methods implemented in the CFD code ANSYS Fluent 2020 R2: the enthalpy–porosity method, the AHC method, and a new model proposed by the authors, in which heat capacity is directly introduced into ANSYS Fluent. To determine the precise boundary conditions, radiative heat transfer between surfaces is considered. Moreover, the effect of the mushy zone parameter on simulation accuracy and solidification rate has been investigated, with a variable Amushyintroduced as a function of the liquid fraction. The results indicate that the proposed model demonstrates excellent agreement with experimental data for cooling temperature, providing a more accurate prediction than the other models. Additionally, it shows that temperature varies with time but not with position, suggesting that this model more effectively meets the lumped system condition—a key characteristic of the T-history experiment—compared to the other models. The effect of Amushyy indicates that simulations with a high mushy zone parameter are more accurate and predict a shorter solidification time. Additionally, using a variable mushy zone parameter based on liquid fraction yields similar results, leading to an increased solidification rate.
Introducing the Effective Gravitational Constant 4πε0G
Authors: Christodoulou Dimitris M. , Kazanas Demosthenes
Published: November 2024

The gravitational and electrostatic fields are both conservative fields, thus their forces exhibit similar forms. But there are also differences best seen in Gauss’s law, where the sources of these fields are leveraged by the vacuum differently: the source of gravity is enhanced by a modest factor of 4π, whereas the Coulomb source is strongly amplified by a factor of ∼1011. Taking such polarizing features into account, we cast Newton’s gravitational law and Coulomb’s law in the same form that allows for categorical comparisons. The conformity of these force laws suggests that the effective universal gravitational constant is 4πε0G, where ε0 is the vacuum permittivity and G is the Newtonian gravitational constant. Furthermore, there is no need for adopting an equivalence principle. The numerical value of 4πε0G appears also in the deep limit of MOND and of varying-G gravity, where it specifies (apart from units) the magnitude of the mysterious constant A0, the only constant in such theories besides their gravitationally interacting masses. The same methodology also offers self-consistent definitions and insightful clarifications concerning dimensionless constants in general and some particular fundamental constants of cosmology and particle physics.
Sustainable Rural Mobility: Integrating Goods and Passenger Transportation – A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Russo Antonio , Campisi Tiziana , Tesoriere Giovanni , Al-Rashid Muhammad Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Problems of sustainable development in rural areas are highlighted in the context of Sustainable Development Goals. Passengers and freight transport often lack infrastructure and services in rural areas, usually subject to lower population density and greater territorial dispersion. Integrating passengers and goods flow through scheduled or on-demand services is crucial to reducing territorial gaps. Services like Demand Responsive Transport (DRT), combined with logistics aspects, and other passengers-goods integration services are well suited to contexts with weak transport demand (titled DRTL), i.e. situations of potential social exclusion and demand niches not covered by traditional public transport. A systematic literature review was presented to classify, structure, and describe the main applications of passengers-goods integration services in rural contexts. More scientific databases were compared. The authors conducted, on the subset of works screened, a geographical and temporal analysis focusing on the classification of the methodologies adopted, highlighting the factors for improving integrated flexible services and promoting intelligent mobility and sustainable transport in urban and suburban environments. The manuscript highlights the need for further studies on transport in rural areas considering the integration of passengers and freight and, at the same time, provides a basis for local governments and public transport operators to improve implementation strategies for the planning and implementation of combined transport services following the goals of the Green Deal and Agenda 2030.
Research on Bottom Hole Self Updating PDC Drill Bit Technology
Authors: Liu Xiao ao , Ji Guo dong , Yang Li yuan , Ren Hai tao , WU Qiang , Yu Jin ping , Huang Kuilin
Published: November 2024

Reducing auxiliary drilling time and improving drilling efficiency are not only important technical means to enhance China's oil and gas development and deep exploration, but also have significant implications for ensuring national energy security. The underground self updating drill bit technology is a new technology that does not require drilling and directly updates old drill bits underground. Conducting research on this technology is expected to overcome the technical pain point of short drill bit life in the "one trip drilling" technology. This article summarizes the scientific progress made by domestic and foreign researchers in self-renewal PDC drill bit technology, introduces the structural characteristics and working principles of three types of rotating self-renewal drill bits: rack driven, worm driven, and ratchet driven. It compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the three types of PDC drill bits, and provides a detailed introduction to the working principles and modes of the triggering device, transmission device, limit and locking device, and updating structure device of the drill bit. Relevant suggestions are proposed for the development of bottom hole self-renewal PDC drill bit technology, namely strengthening research efforts in intelligent judgment and recognition of cutting tooth wear of the drill bit and the integration of multiple technologies, and making contributions to the efficient development of deep sea energy in China.
The Role of NT-Pro BNP Levels in the Diagnosis of Hypertensive Heart Disease
Authors: Mouzarou Angeliki , Hadjigeorgiou Nikoleta , Melanarkiti Despo , Plakomyti Theodora Eleni
Published: November 2024

Hypertension is a major risk factor of various cardiac complications, including hypertensive heart disease. This condition can lead to a number of structural and functional changes in the heart, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and eventually, systolic dysfunction. In the management of hypertensive heart disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent the progression to congestive heart failure. One potential diagnostic marker that has gained attention in recent years is the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of NT-proBNP levels in the diagnosis of hypertensive heart disease.
About the criteria for ranking conferences
Authors: Kozitsin Alexander Serggevich
Published: November 2024

Ranking of scientific conferences plays a key role in the academic world, determining the level of significance and prestige of each event. The main results of ranking from the point of view of personalities are: determining the quality and influence of the scientific conference; a guide for selecting conferences; encouragement to conduct quality research; formation of the scientific community; improving the visibility and influence of the conference on the scientific community. The paper provides an overview of currently existing conference catalogs and conference ranking systems, both automatically and with the participation of expert councils. It is noted that the purpose of creating national ranking systems is to promote and popularize domestic conferences and journals. Based on the review of currently existing conference catalogs and conference ranking systems, the following criteria for ranking conferences can be formulated. Indicators of publication activity, based on the results of the analysis of published conference materials. The credibility of the speakers and the organizing committee of the conference. Number of presentations and the ratio of the number of presentations to the number of conference participants. Time for reviewing applications submitted to the conference. Ratio of submitted and accepted applications. Retrospective and geographical parameters.
Seismostratigraphic Analysis of the Vaca Muerta Formation in the Veta Escondida-Rincon de Aranda Area, Neuquén Basin
Authors: Miotti Gonzalo Preboste
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the results obtained from the seismic stratigraphic analysis conducted on the Vaca Muerta Formation, of Tithonian - Berriasian age, in the Rincon de Aranda (RDA) and Veta Escondida (VE) fields, located in the northeastern sector of the transition between the central and marginal areas of the Neuquén Basin. The Vaca Muerta Formation is the main source rock in this basin, playing a significant role in the production of unconventional gas and oil. This study identifies and characterizes the interval corresponding to the Vaca Muerta Formation through seismic and well data analysis. The study involved creating sections, interpreting seismic horizons, and generating isochronous, isopach, seismic attribute, structural, and isopach maps, which provided a better understanding of the stratigraphic characteristics of the Vaca Muerta Formation within the specified reservoir. Various surfaces and internal intervals within the Vaca Muerta Formation were identified through well profile analysis and comparison with data from adjacent areas. Deep structural trends oriented NW-SE impact the Tordillo Formation and, to a lesser extent, the Vaca Muerta Formation. These trends reduce structural deformation in the upper sections, creating echelon faults oriented NNW-SSE and negative flower structures, as observed in Rincon de Aranda. An increase in thickness was observed towards the SW, related to the depocenter of the basin and the Entre Lomas structural high to the east of the area. Less deep O-E oriented lineaments are interpreted as related to Andean orogeny and have their greatest impact on the levels corresponding to the Quintuco Formation and upper sections such as the Loma Montosa Formation. The studied area displays a mixed platform depositional system with a total thickness of 570 meters from the Loma Montosa Formation to the base of the Vaca Muerta Formation, with 170 meters of this thickness specifically corresponding to the Vaca Muerta Formation. In the northern sector of Veta Escondida, area and intrusive igneous bodies were detected, affecting the seismic interpretation.
Integration of Carbon Emissions Quantification and Reduction in Project Design and Selection
Authors: Irazuzta Natalia , Veolia WTS
Published: November 2024

The objective seems to be very clear, carbon footprint needs to be reduced in all the activities that humans do, but specially in those that will have greater impact, such as processes associated with the Oil and Gas industry. The difficult part seems to be how to do it, or at least, how to start.

The first logical step in the road to reduce something is to know how much of it there is, or, in this case, it is being produced. If the intention is to include the Green House Gases (GHG) emissions calculation and, therefore, reduction objectives, in all project decisions, a simpler way to measure it should be developed. The aim of this paper is to show a method that was designed and applied, to simplify the identification of GHG emissions throughout several processes and activities, and the following quantification using a company tool (Veolia´s GHG Calculation Tool), to find feasible and effective reduction actions.

Some real cases will be shown, revealing how it was possible to easily include carbon footprint when selecting variants within certain projects. Although the cases are originally related to chemical treatments, mainly for production and fracture in Oil and Gas fields, the application can be extrapolated to other divisions. This work provides several examples showing how the understanding of emissions and the fractioning of operations into simple unit tasks is essential to make an adequate comparison. The aim is to demonstrate that the incorporation of GHG emissions calculation in the analysis of projects is relatively simple, and how it is possible to consider it as a central aspect when designing or selecting projects, resulting, many times, the best GHG emission option, consistent with the most favorable alternative from an economic or operational point of view.

Additionally, the quantification of the reduction obtained thru certain choices regarding chemical treatments will be shown.
Increasing Energy Efficiency in PCP Systems
Authors: Boonstra A. , Romano L. , Robles L. , Heras L. , Rodríguez E.
Published: November 2024

In mature exploitation fields with a considerable number of active wells, efficient and sustainable operation management is required. In this context, the management and optimization of resources become crucial to maintaining profitability and long-term sustainability. This article presents the results of a business case in which PCP drivehead with electric asynchronous motor are replaced by permanent magnet drivehead. This case is supported by a field trial that validated, for the asset, a current reduction between 16 and 27% with the technology replacement. Additionally, all the advantages of this technology are presented.
Enhanced Automation for Detecting and Managing Well Downtime Events
Authors: Cordoba Axel Leonel
Published: November 2024

Optimizing the management of production losses in mature fields is essential to maximizing operational efficiency, particularly in large- scale reservoirs such as Cerro Dragón. One of the most critical challenges is the accurate and timely identification of well downtime events and the determination of their root causes, which are key aspects for the effective allocation of resources and strategic decision- making.

This paper describes the development of an advanced automation tool designed for detecting and managing downtime events in production wells. The tool not only enables the automatic identification of downtime events but also provides intelligent suggestions regarding the probable causes of these events, logging this information while seamlessly integrating with existing management and control systems.

The methodological approach comprised several key stages: the design and development of the detection algorithm, its validation through rigorous testing, and its final implementation in a real operational environment. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in the time required for manual data entry, along with substantial improvements in the accuracy and consistency of event detection. These advancements not only optimize operational efficiency but also provide a robust framework for real-time, data-driven decision- making.
Rigview-Ar: Augmented Technology for Safe and Efficient Maintenance and Operations
Authors: Sanjurjo S. , Carnero M. A. Sanchez
Published: November 2024

This paper discusses an optimization project at the Cerro Dragón field, operated by Pan American Energy in Argentina, aimed at enhancing efficiency and reducing costs in a mature field. The project outlines a series of innovations to be implemented in the future, aiming to modernize processes without relying on expensive external technologies.

Among the key innovations planned are the development of a real-time monitoring system to enable remote supervision of drilling operations. This tool is designed to improve decision-making and data management by providing access to critical information from any location. Additionally, a visual and auditory alarm system will be developed for a more effective response to emergencies, along with a mobile application for instant task stoppage recording and management.

In maintenance, the integration of augmented reality and 3D models is planned to enhance personnel training and equipment tracking. This technology will facilitate a deeper understanding of equipment and components without the need for physical field visits. Moreover, the use of QR codes and mobile applications will allow for faster and more accurate updates to maintenance information.

The anticipated conclusions of the project highlight the importance of these innovations in optimizing operational efficiency, safety, and maintenance in the drilling sector. The proposed technologies aim not only to improve current processes but also to set a precedent for digital transformation in the industry. Future steps will include integrating geological data and developing new applications for alarm and spare parts management, solidifying the progress towards greater modernization and efficiency in operations.
Novel Unsupervised Algorithm for 3D Reservoir Modeling Based on Percolation in Complex Networks
Authors: Llanes J. , Delgado M. , Juri J. E.
Published: November 2024

Three-dimensional reservoir models are an essential decision-making tool for geoscientists to understand the by-passed oil in multilayer fluvial systems in San Jorge Basin. The dedicated reservoir teams spend significant amounts of time to build three-dimensional models to decrease risk in the implementation of chemical EOR projects, particularly in the assessment of reservoir connectivity. Traditional 3D static reservoir modelling requires important effort to construct the structural models, interwell correlation and facies modeling. The objective of this work is to present the implementation of a computational algorithm that generates three-dimensional reservoir models. We successfully tested its capability to adequately represent the structural model, interwell correlation, and facies propagation from the well log data without any previous interpretation.

This work is based on the application of label propagation/ label spreading on the graph network using the three-dimensional percolation theory with considerations of the phase transition of the system. This methodology is powerful, since it does not consider the distance between the input data, but rather its distance in a graph network.

The results of the novel unsupervised algorithm show a good match between the existing 3D geological models made by experienced geologists and the model made by the computational algorithm implemented. Finally, we performed several sensitivity analyses to better understand the tuning parameters.

This novel approach for 3D reservoir modelling is characterized by the percolation in complex networks. One of the keys is that the generated 3D reservoir models have an unbiased geological interpretation and have the capability to quickly downscale/upscale the 3D grid with tuning parameters.
Legal Issues of Ensuring Technological Sovereignty
Authors: Zaloilo M. V.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to identify the legal issues of ensuring technological sovereignty and to determine scientifically grounded vectors of their solution.

Methods: the study is based on formal-legal, historical-legal, comparative legal methods, as well as the methodology of soft systematicity, legal forecasting, and legal modeling. Results: the article presents a theoretical and legal approach to understanding sovereignty and differentiating its types. Under modern conditions, a significant role is given to the independence and autonomy of the state in the technological sphere. The correlation of digital and technological sovereignty is considered; the latter notion is outlined taking into account the gaining popularity of the Western concept of digital (technological) solidarity. The regulatory foundation of the state strategic autonomy is legal regulation, in which the concept of technology-centrism has been firmly established in recent years. The technological paradigm of modern legal regulations was identified. It consists in strategizing the scientific and technological innovations in strategic planning documents, as well as in sovereignization and cyclization of the legal sphere, digital transformation of the culture of lawmaking and law enforcement, technologization of the legal language, expansion of the scope of legislative regulation and the volume of subordinate legislation. The analysis of the correlation between the legislative and subordinate law levels of technological positioning of the Russian Federation in strategic areas has allowed to emphasize the important systemic interrelation of the involved traditional and innovative law-making tools as they ensure technological development. The author also identifies the risks of expanding legal experimentation in the digital area of public relations, which should exclude the possibility of circumventing the established critical limitations.

Scientific novelty: the work forms a theoretical and legal model of ensuring technological sovereignty, which is of strategic importance for the preservation of the Russian Federation sovereignty in its classical understanding as the main and most important feature of the state.

Practical significance: the results can be used in law-making activities of public authorities to create legal mechanisms for research, development and implementation of critical and end-to-end technologies and the production of high-tech products based on them in order to ensure national security of the Russian Federation.
Digital Technologies in the National Cadastre System of Uzbekistan: Issues of Legal Regulation
Authors: Toshboyeva R. S.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to critically analyze the state of national legislation of Uzbekistan in terms of legal regulation of digitalization and the use of artificial intelligence in the cadastral sphere.

Methods: the research is based on such methods of scientific cognition as formal-legal and comparative-legal analysis, induction and deduction.

Results: the provisions that regulate digitalization and the use of artificial intelligence in the cadastral sphere were analyzed, legal gaps were identified. It was determined that the practical application of artificial intelligence technologies outpaces its legal regulation. The shortcomings of legal regulation in this sphere were noted (lacking legal definition of the legal status of artificial intelligence in the national legislation; regulation of business entities’ participation in the management of artificial intelligence, etc.). The said shortcomings hinder its full application and harmonization with traditional sources of cadastral information. The author substantiated the need for universal digitization of the national cadastre and predicts the possibility of wider application of artificial intelligence in the natural-resource cadastral system. It is argued that the existing system in its current state may lead to wrong decisions and cadastral errors, hence, it is necessary to improve the legal regulation of cadastre.

Scientific novelty: for the first time the results of the national cadastre digitization were assessed. Forecasts were given about the possibility of using artificial intelligence in this area, subject to further improvement of legal regulation. The latter is fundamentally important for reforming the cadastral system, since the technological basis of this system does not fully meet the needs of the digital economy.

Practical significance: it is due to the lack of legal regulation of the artificial intelligence concept and legal status in the national legislation, as well as a unified approach to the cadastral system digitalization. Modern technologies are actively used in practice, but lack a sufficient legal basis. The main conclusions, proposals and recommendations of the study can be a basis for further improvement of the legal framework of Uzbekistan in terms of the application of artificial intelligence technologies.
Overcoming the Friction between the “Right to be Forgotten” and Blockchain Technology through a New Approach
Authors: Severino F. , Sposini L.
Published: November 2024

Objective: this paper explores the challenges arising from the conflict between blockchain technology and the “right to be forgotten” as provided by the European data protection framework.

Methods: in the First Section, the author provides a brief description of the evolution of blockchain technology and the most pressing issues between traditional blockchain models and UE’s legislations. Among the latter, the author analyzes the specific issue concerning the clash between the traditional blockchains (both private and public models), typically immutable, and the individual’s right to cancellation or modification of own personal data. This section emphasizes the importance of personal data protection, which has always been one of the main tasks for supranational legislators. The legal regulation of data protection and the relevant judicial practice of the European Court of Human Rights is analyzed. The author raises the problem of expressing the free self-determination of an individual in the form of controlling their personal data on the Internet. The Second Section of this contribution is dedicated to the study of probable ways to solve the existing incompatibility and to make the distributed ledger system compatible with the European data protection legislation. An emphasis is made on the model provided by “Traent” company, which ensures the right to data cancellation or modification. The capability of this model to solve the said contradiction is analyzed.

Results: the study delves into the peculiar features of the new model to understand how it strategically utilizes the advantages of public and private blockchains guaranteeing not only the validity and authenticity of the chain where the transaction was performed, but, most importantly, the modification and granular cancellation of client’s personal data. This innovative solution offers a potential path forward for navigating the complex intersection of data privacy and blockchain innovation in the European context.

Scientific novelty: Traent has implemented a “hybrid” model blockchain that, incorporating both public and private components, to achieve an effective compliance with the European Union regulations, especially those concerning data protection and privacy.

Practical significance: the obtained conclusions and proposals can be taken into consideration in improving the compliance of blockchain technologies with the European Union General Data Protection Regulation.
Using Artificial Intelligence for Competitive Procurements: Legal Regulation Issues
Authors: Kazantsev D. A. , Dohnal P. , Dohnal Jr. P.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to substantiate the promising directions of legal regulation of relations in the use of artificial intelligence technologies in competitive (commercial and public) procurement.

Methods: the study was conducted using induction, synthesis, analogy, decomposition of problems and generalization of conclusions. The reasoning was based on the experience of a complex procurement of high-tech equipment. This real-life example was considered as an experimental model for the study and subsequent prediction of the potential use of artificial intelligence technologies in competitive procurement procedures.

Results: advantages and potential risks of using artificial intelligence technologies in procurement work were formulated; recommendations on regulating such use were given. The authors highlighted recommendations of general legal nature concerning the legal personality and delictual capacity of artificial intelligence and proposed the wordings for new norms and options for regulating the use of new procurement tools. It was proved that artificial intelligence technologies, if used thoughtfully, may not only improve the work quality and significantly reduce organizational costs, but also help to develop the basic principles of regulated procurement: transparency of procedures, development of competition for contracts between qualified suppliers, reasonableness of decisions, and economic efficiency of the customer’s expenditures.

Scientific novelty: despite a large number of works devoted to both the problems of artificial intelligence in general and its use in procurement in particular, the article considers this topic on the basis of mainly inductive reasoning, built on handling a particular case and experience of complex procurement for knowledge-intensive research, refracted through the prism of essential correlation between the basic concepts of “digitalization”, “automation”, “robotization” and so on.

Practical significance: the directions of using artificial intelligence described in this paper can be implemented by corporate and, in the future, by public customers to improve the quality of their procurement. At the same time, the recommendations on the normative regulation of such innovation seem to be in demand both at the legislative and local levels.
Violation of the Airspace of Countries by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Drones) from the Perspective of International Law
Authors: Kamijani M. K.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to illustrate the challenges to international law and the shortcomings of current regulation caused by the rapid development of drone technology, by the example of using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) in airspace.

Methods: the study is based primarily on a set of methods for interpreting the provisions of international law, which allow analyzing the provisions in the field of using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones). Results: based on international air law and humanitarian law, the article examines the issues of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) using airspace. The main sources of law in this area are analyzed, including the provisions of international air law, especially the Paris, Madrid, Havana and Chicago Conventions. An attempt is made to answer the questions arising from the development of unmanned technologies as to which rules of international law apply to their use and whether existing international law is capable of responding effectively to them. The article shows the current understanding of the legal status of airspace over the territory of a state. The author puts forward the question whether the sphere of unmanned aerial vehicles, automatic and autonomous weapons, which combines scientific and military achievements with new technologies, is exceptional. In this regard, the problem of using unmanned aerial vehicles as a universal weapon in international conflicts is touched upon. A conclusion is made that the use of intelligent, guided and robotic weapons capable of automatic decision-making, such as drones, requires the revision of existing conventions or the establishment of new legal standards for these weapons. It is proposed to consider such drones as military aircraft of a special type.

Scientific novelty: international legal responsibility of states for the military use of drones has not received an unambiguous assessment in the doctrine. However, much in this issue depends on the legal interpretation of the most important international legal categories. Further development of this issue is directly related to the issues of international responsibility and the concept of state sovereignty over airspace.

Practical significance: the development of unmanned aviation at the present stage demonstrates the imperfection of the existing legal framework, which is designed to regulate these relations. With regard to the study of the global trend in the current international law, the identification of the shortcomings in the provisions of the latter is important primarily for their further modernization, taking into account modern scientific achievements and the development of the concept of a state sovereignty over its airspace.