bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Snake venom VEGF Vammin induces a highly efficient angiogenic response in skeletal muscle via VEGFR-2/NRP specific signaling
Authors: Toivanen Pyry I. , Nieminen Tiina , Laakkonen Johanna P. , Heikura Tommi , Kaikkonen Minna U. , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo
Published: July 2017

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) are promising molecules for the treatment of ischemic diseases by pro-angiogenic therapy. Snake venom VEGFs are a novel subgroup with unique receptor binding profiles and as such are potential new therapeutic agents. We determined the ligand-receptor interactions, gene regulation and angiogenic properties of Vipera ammodytes venom VEGF, Vammin, and compared it to the canonical angiogenic factor VEGF-A to evaluate the use of Vammin for therapeutic angiogenesis. Vammin efficiently induced VEGFR-2 mediated proliferation and expression of genes associated with proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. VEGF-A165 and especially VEGF-A109 induced less pronounced effects. Vammin regulates a number of signaling pathways by inducing the expression of NR4A family nuclear receptors and regulators of calcium signaling and MAP kinase pathways. Interestingly, MARC1, which encodes an enzyme discovered to catalyze reduction of nitrate to NO, was identified as a novel VEGFR-2 regulated gene. In rabbit skeletal muscle adenoviral delivery of Vammin induced prominent angiogenic responses. Both the vector dose and the co-receptor binding of the ligand were critical parameters controlling the type of angiogenic response from sprouting angiogenesis to vessel enlargement. Vammin induced VEGFR-2/NRP-1 mediated signaling more effectively than VEGF-A, consequently it is a promising candidate for development of pro-angiogenic therapies.
Emergence of polysaccharide membrane walls through macro-space partitioning via interfacial instability
Authors: Okeyoshi Kosuke , Okajima Maiko K. , Kaneko Tatsuo
Published: July 2017

Living organisms in drying environments build anisotropic structures and exhibit directionality through self-organization of biopolymers. However, the process of macro-scale assembly is still unknown. Here, we introduce a dissipative structure through a non-equilibrium process between hydration and deposition in the drying of a polysaccharide liquid crystalline solution. By controlling the geometries of the evaporation front in a limited space, multiple nuclei emerge to grow vertical membrane walls with macroscopic orientation. Notably, the membranes are formed through rational orientation of rod-like microassemblies along the dynamic three-phase contact line. Additionally, in the non-equilibrium state, a dissipative structure is ultimately immobilized as a macroscopically partitioned space by multiple vertical membranes. We foresee that such oriented membranes will be applicable to soft biomaterials with direction controllability, and the macroscopic space partitionings will aid in the understanding of the space recognition ability of natural products under drying environments.
Stability of the PHF10 subunit of PBAF signature module is regulated by phosphorylation: role of β-TrCP
Authors: Tatarskiy Victor V. , Simonov Yuriy P. , Shcherbinin Dmitrii S. , Brechalov Alexander V. , Georgieva Sofia G. , Soshnikova Nataliya V.
Published: July 2017

The PBAF chromatin-remodeling complexes are multi-protein machines, regulating expression of genes involved in proliferation and differentiation. PHF10 is a subunit of the PBAF essential for its association with chromatin. Mammalian PHF10 is expressed as four ubiquitous isoforms, which are alternatively incorporated in the complex and differ by their influence on transcription of target genes. PHF10 have different domain structure and two of them (PHF10-S isoforms) lack C-terminal PHD domains, which enables their phosphorylation by CK-1. Here we have found that PBAF subunits have low turnover rate, except for PHF10 which has much lower half-life, and is degraded by β-TrCP. The β-TrCP knockdown stabilizes PBAF core subunits - BRG1 and BAF155 and specific subunits - PHF10, BAF200, BAF180 and BRD7. PHF10 isoforms contain two non-canonical β-TrCP degrons and are degraded by β-TrCP in a phospho-dependent manner. But phosphorylation of PHF10-S degrons by CK-1, contrary to previously described degrons, prevents their degradation. Targeted molecular docking demonstrated that phosphorylated forms of PHF10 bind to β-TrCP with much lower affinity than non-phosphorylated ones, contrary to previously described degrons. This unorthodox mechanism proposes that phosphorylation of β-TrCP degrons by CK-1 could not only degrade a set of proteins, but also stabilize a different set of targets.
Fabricating fast triggered electro-active shape memory graphite/silver nanowires/epoxy resin composite from polymer template
Authors: Zhou Jie , Li Hua , Tian Ran , Dugnani Roberto , Lu Huiyuan , Chen Yujie , Guo Yiping , Duan Huanan , Liu Hezhou
Published: July 2017

In recent years shape-memory polymers have been under intense investigation due to their unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties that could potentially make them extremely valuable in numerous engineering applications. In this manuscript, we report a polymer-template-assisted assembly manufacturing strategy used to fabricate graphite/silver nanowires/epoxy resin (PGSE) composite. In the proposed method, the porous polymer foams work as the skeleton by forming three-dimensional graphite structure, whereas the silver nanowires act as the continuous conductive network. Preliminary testing on hybrid foams after vacuum infusion showed high electrical conductivity and excellent thermal stability. Furthermore, the composites were found to recover their original shape within 60 seconds from the application of a 0.8 V mm−1 electric field. Notably, the reported shape-memory polymer composites are manufactured with readily-available raw materials, they are fast to manufacture, and are shape-controlled.
NMR and DFT investigations of structure of colchicine in various solvents including density functional theory calculations
Authors: Pierens Gregory K. , Venkatachalam T. K. , Reutens David C.
Published: July 2017

A detailed NMR investigation of the chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms associated with the structure of the naturally occurring alkaloid colchicine was conducted using high field NMR. Initially, the experimental chemical shifts for colchicine in chloroform and DMSO were compared to the values calculated using density functional theory (DFT). There were significant deviations observed for the chloroform solvent, but these were only slight in the DMSO solution. Dilution of the chloroform solution changed the experimental chemical shifts and improved agreement with the DFT calculations, suggesting self-aggregation at higher concentrations. A dimeric model was proposed for which agreement with the DFT calculated chemical shifts was better than for corresponding monomeric structures. Three further solvents were studied to evaluate changes in chemical shift values at different dilutions. Chloroform, benzene and water showed significant chemical shift changes implying self-aggregation, whereas DMSO and acetone did not show significant change upon dilution.
Sca-1 identifies a trophoblast population with multipotent potential in the mid-gestation mouse placenta
Authors: Natale Bryony V. , Schweitzer Christina , Hughes Martha , Globisch Maria A. , Kotadia Ramie , Tremblay Emilie , Vu Priscilla , Cross James C. , Natale David R. C.
Published: July 2017

Trophoblast stem (TS) cells in the mouse derive from the polar trophectoderm of the blastocyst and persist through early gestation (to E8.5) to support placental development. Further development and growth is proposed to rely on layer-restricted progenitor cells. Stem cell antigen (Sca) -1 is a member of the Ly6 gene family and a known marker of stem cells in both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic mouse tissues. Having identified that Sca-1 mRNA was highly expressed in mouse TS cells in culture, we found that it was also expressed in a subset of trophoblast within the chorion and labyrinth layer of the mouse placenta. Isolation and in vitro culture of Sca-1+ trophoblast cells from both differentiated TS cell cultures and dissected mouse placentae resulted in proliferating colonies that expressed known markers of TS cells. Furthermore, these cells could be stimulated to differentiate and expressed markers of both junctional zone and labyrinth trophoblast subtypes in a manner comparable to established mouse TS cell lines. Our results suggest that we have identified a subpopulation of TS cell-like cells that persist in the mid- to late- gestation mouse placenta as well as a cell surface protein that can be used to identify and isolate these cells.
Insulin upregulates betatrophin expression via PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Lu Puhan , Chen Xi , Zhang Zeqing , Zhang Jianhua , Yang Yan , Liu Zhelong , Xie Junhui , Shao Shiying , Zhou Xinrong , Hu Shuhong , He Wentao , Zhao Jiajun , Yu Xuefeng
Published: July 2017

Betatrophin is regarded as a liver-produced hormone induced by insulin resistance (IR). However, it remains largely unknown how IR regulates betatrophin expression. To study whether IR could regulate betatrophin expression and the corresponding molecular mechanisms, betatrophin levels were examined in 6 in vitro IR models which were established using human hepatocytes L02 with different agents, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, dexamethasone, palmitate, high glucose and insulin and betatrophin levels were elevated only in the insulin group. These results suggest that it is insulin, not IR that promotes betatrophin expression. In the meantime, PI3K/Akt pathway was activated by insulin and suppressed by above agents that caused IR. Insulin-upregulated betatrophin expression was suppressed by PI3K/Akt inhibitors and IR, suggesting that insulin upregulates and IR decreases betatrophin production through PI3K/Akt pathway. Consistently, the treatment of insulin in mice dose-dependently upregulated betatrophin levels, and the administration of metformin in IR mice also stimulated betatrophin production since published study showed metformin improved PI3K/Akt pathway and IR. In humans, compared with those without insulin treatment, serum betatrophin levels were increased in type 2 diabetic patients with insulin treatment. In conclusion, insulin stimulates betatrophin secretion through PI3K/Akt pathway and IR may play an opposite role.
Liquid-phase sequence capture and targeted re-sequencing revealed novel polymorphisms in tomato genes belonging to the MEP carotenoid pathway
Authors: Terracciano Irma , Cantarella Concita , Fasano Carlo , Cardi Teodoro , Mennella Giuseppe , D’Agostino Nunzio
Published: July 2017

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants are characterized by having a variety of fruit colours that reflect the composition and accumulation of diverse carotenoids in the berries. Carotenoids are extensively studied for their health-promoting effects and this explains the great attention these pigments received by breeders and researchers worldwide. In this work we applied Agilent’s SureSelect liquid-phase sequence capture and Illumina targeted re-sequencing of 34 tomato genes belonging to the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) carotenoid pathway on a panel of 48 genotypes which differ for carotenoid content calculated as the sum of β-carotene, cis- and trans-lycopene. We targeted 230 kb of genomic regions including all exons and regulatory regions and observed ~40% of on-target capture. We found ample genetic variation among all the genotypes under study and generated an extensive catalog of SNPs/InDels located in both genic and regulatory regions. SNPs/InDels were also classified based on genomic location and putative biological effect. With our work we contributed to the identification of allelic variations possibly underpinning a key agronomic trait in tomato. Results from this study can be exploited for the promotion of novel studies on tomato bio-fortification as well as of breeding programs related to carotenoid accumulation in fruits.
A Fluctuation Equation of State for Prediction of High-Pressure Densities of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Chorążewski Mirosław , Postnikov Eugene B. , Jasiok Bernadeta , Nedyalkov Yuriy V. , Jacquemin Johan
Published: July 2017

During this work, we demonstrate, for the first time, that the volumetric properties of pure ionic liquids could be truly predicted as a function of temperature from 219 K to 473 K and pressure up to 300 MPa. This has been achieved by using only density and isothermal compressibility data at atmospheric pressure through the Fluctuation Theory-based Tait-like Equation of State (FT-EoS). The experimental density data of 80 different ionic liquids, described in the literature by several research groups as a function of temperature and pressure, was then used to provide comparisons. Excellent predictive capability of FT-EoS was observed with an overall relative absolute average deviation close to 0.14% for the 15,298 data points examined during this work.
A global multiproxy database for temperature reconstructions of the Common Era
Authors:   PAGES2k Consortium, Emile-Geay Julien , McKay Nicholas P. , Kaufman Darrell S. , von Gunten Lucien , Wang Jianghao , Anchukaitis Kevin J. , Abram Nerilie J. , Addison Jason A. , Curran Mark A.J. , Evans Michael N. , Henley Benjamin J. , Hao Zhixin , Martrat Belen , McGregor Helen V. , Neukom Raphael , Pederson Gregory T. , Stenni Barbara , Thirumalai Kaustubh , Werner Johannes P. , Xu Chenxi , Divine Dmitry V. , Dixon Bronwyn C. , Gergis Joelle , Mundo Ignacio A. , Nakatsuka Takeshi , Phipps Steven J. , Routson Cody C. , Steig Eric J. , Tierney Jessica E. , Tyler Jonathan J. , Allen Kathryn J. , Bertler Nancy A.N. , Björklund Jesper , Chase Brian M. , Chen Min-Te , Cook Ed , de Jong Rixt , DeLong Kristine L. , Dixon Daniel A. , Ekaykin Alexey A. , Ersek Vasile , Filipsson Helena L. , Francus Pierre , Freund Mandy B. , Frezzotti Massimo , Gaire Narayan P. , Gajewski Konrad , Ge Quansheng , Goosse Hugues , Gornostaeva Anastasia , Grosjean Martin , Horiuchi Kazuho , Hormes Anne , Husum Katrine , Isaksson Elisabeth , Kandasamy Selvaraj , Kawamura Kenji , Kilbourne K. Halimeda , Koç Nalan , Leduc Guillaume , Linderholm Hans W. , Lorrey Andrew M. , Mikhalenko Vladimir , Mortyn P. Graham , Motoyama Hideaki , Moy Andrew D. , Mulvaney Robert , Munz Philipp M. , Nash David J. , Oerter Hans , Opel Thomas , Orsi Anais J. , Ovchinnikov Dmitriy V. , Porter Trevor J. , Roop Heidi A. , Saenger Casey , Sano Masaki , Sauchyn David , Saunders Krystyna M. , Seidenkrantz Marit-Solveig , Severi Mirko , Shao Xuemei , Sicre Marie-Alexandrine , Sigl Michael , Sinclair Kate , St. George Scott , St. Jacques Jeannine-Marie , Thamban Meloth , Kuwar Thapa Udya , Thomas Elizabeth R. , Turney Chris , Uemura Ryu , Viau Andre E. , Vladimirova Diana O. , Wahl Eugene R. , White James W.C. , Yu Zicheng , Zinke Jens
Published: July 2017

Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key to placing industrial-era warming into the context of natural climatic variability. Here we present a community-sourced database of temperature-sensitive proxy records from the PAGES2k initiative. The database gathers 692 records from 648 locations, including all continental regions and major ocean basins. The records are from trees, ice, sediment, corals, speleothems, documentary evidence, and other archives. They range in length from 50 to 2000 years, with a median of 547 years, while temporal resolution ranges from biweekly to centennial. Nearly half of the proxy time series are significantly correlated with HadCRUT4.2 surface temperature over the period 1850–2014. Global temperature composites show a remarkable degree of coherence between high- and low-resolution archives, with broadly similar patterns across archive types, terrestrial versus marine locations, and screening criteria. The database is suited to investigations of global and regional temperature variability over the Common Era, and is shared in the Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format, including serializations in Matlab, R and Python.
Quantifying spontaneous metastasis in a syngeneic mouse melanoma model using real time PCR
Authors: Deng Wentao , McLaughlin Sarah L. , Klinke David J.
Published: July 2017

Modeling metastasis in vivo with animals is a priority for both revealing mechanisms of tumor dissemination and developing therapeutic methods.
Instrument-free visual detection of tetracycline on an autocatalytic DNA machine using a caged G-quadruplex as the signal reporter
Authors: Chen Junhua , Chen Shu , Li Fengling
Published: July 2017

An instrument-free visual biosensor for tetracycline detection has been constructed based on an autocatalytic DNA machine and a caged G-quadruplex.
Fluorine-substituted benzothiadiazole-based hole transport materials for highly efficient planar perovskite solar cells with a FF exceeding 80%
Authors: Wu Fei , Ji Yu , Zhong Cheng , Liu Yuan , Tan Luxi , Zhu Linna
Published: July 2017

Monofluorinated BT offers an impressive power conversion efficiency of 18.54% with a high FF of 0.81 in conventional perovskite solar cells.
Lysine-based amino-functionalized lipids for gene transfection: the protonation state in monolayers at the air–liquid interface
Authors: Tassler Stephanie , Wölk Christian , Janich Christopher , Dobner Bodo , Brezesinski Gerald
Published: July 2017

The TRXF results indicate a linear dependence of the protonation state on the required area per molecule of the lysine-based amino-functionalized lipids.
A model for the effect of bulk liquid viscosity on cavitation bubble dynamics
Authors: Shen Yang , Yasui Kyuichi , Zhu Tong , Ashokkumar Muthupandian
Published: July 2017

The effect of bulk liquid viscosity on single bubble dynamics has been investigated using numerical simulations. The theoretical results obtained are supported by the published experimental data.
Scavenging and recombination kinetics in radiation chemistry
Authors: Al-Samra Eyad H. , Green Nicholas J. B.
Published: July 2017

This work describes stochastic models developed to study the competition between radical scavenging and recombination for simple model systems typical of radiation chemistry, where the reactive particles are tightly clustered and reactions are assumed fully diffusion limited.
Spin dependent interactions catalyse the oxygen electrochemistry
Authors: Gracia J.
Published: July 2017

The technological interest of oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, ORR and OER, for the clean use and storage of energy has resulted in the discovery of multiple catalysts; and the physical and catalytic properties of the most active compositions are only comprehensible with the consideration of magnetic interactions.
Feeding a sustainable chemical industry: do we have the bioproducts cart before the feedstocks horse?
Authors: Dale Bruce E.
Published: July 2017

A sustainable chemical industry cannot exist at scale without both sustainable feedstocks and feedstock supply chains to provide the raw materials. However, most current research focus is on producing the sustainable chemicals and materials. Little attention is given to how and by whom sustainable feedstocks will be supplied. In effect, we have put the bioproducts cart before the sustainable feedstocks horse. For example, bulky, unstable, non-commodity feedstocks such as crop residues probably cannot supply a large-scale sustainable industry. Likewise, those who manage land to produce feedstocks must benefit significantly from feedstock production, otherwise they will not participate in this industry and it will never grow. However, given real markets that properly reward farmers, demand for sustainable bioproducts and bioenergy can drive the adoption of more sustainable agricultural and forestry practices, providing many societal “win–win” opportunities. Three case studies are presented to show how this “win–win” process might unfold.
Cranberries improve postprandial glucose excursions in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Schell Jace , Betts Nancy M. , Foster Megan , Scofield R. Hal , Basu Arpita
Published: July 2017

An overview of the role of dried cranberries in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia and inflammation in type 2 diabetes and the subsequent risks of vascular complications.
Examples of xylochemistry: colorants and polymers
Authors: Kühlborn Jonas , Danner Ann-Kathrin , Frey Holger , Iyer Rishab , Arduengo Anthony J. , Opatz Till
Published: July 2017

The syntheses of indigo dyes and polyamides as representatives of two classes of everyday chemical products based on wood-based starting materials, the so-called xylochemicals, are described.
Emission from the stable Blatter radical
Authors: Karecla Georgina , Papagiorgis Paris , Panagi Nasia , Zissimou Georgia A. , Constantinides Christos P. , Koutentis Panayiotis A. , Itskos Grigorios , Hayes Sophia C.
Published: July 2017

Spectroscopic studies reveals broadband emission that spans the visible range originating from excited electronic states of the stable Blatter radical.
Polyaniline-based carbon nanospheres and redox mediator doped robust gel films lead to high performance foldable solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Feng Enke , Peng Hui , Zhang Zhiguo , Li Jindan , Lei Ziqiang
Published: July 2017

As-fabricated foldable solid-state supercapacitors are suitable for highly fold-tolerant high-energy-density energy storage device applications.
Template-directed synthesis of cucurbituril analogues using propanediurea as a building block
Authors: Shen Yenan , Zou Lei , Wang Qiaochun
Published: July 2017

Cucurbituril-like macrocycles were prepared in moderate yields by condensing propanediurea with formaldehyde, using, respectively, CaCl2 and BaCl2 as templates.
Determination of the nano-scaled contact area of staphylococcal cells
Authors: Spengler Christian , Thewes Nicolas , Jung Philipp , Bischoff Markus , Jacobs Karin
Published: July 2017

A change in wettability on a surface provokes for manyStaphylococcia drastic difference in adhesion force that in this study enables the determination of the bacterial contact area. This area differs from cell to cell in one bacterial species and is not correlated with the individual adhesion force.
A high-capacity dual core–shell structured MWCNTs@S@PPy nanocomposite anode for advanced aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries
Authors: Wu Xiongwei , Yuan Xinhai , Yu Jingang , Liu Jun , Wang Faxing , Fu Lijun , Zhou Wenxin , Zhu Yusong , Zhou Qingming , Wu Yuping
Published: July 2017

An ARLB based on high capacity MWCNTs@S@PPy anode and LiMn2O4 cathode can deliver a high energy density of 110 Wh kg−1.
Synthesis, characterization and electronic properties of an endohedral plumbaspherene [Au@Pb12]3−
Authors: Li Lei-Jiao , Pan Fu-Xing , Li Feng-Yu , Chen Zhong-Fang , Sun Zhong-Ming
Published: July 2017

A 12-vertex cluster [Au@Pb12]3− exhibits a distortion compared to Ih-[Pb12]2− cage. DFT calculations indicate that the NICS curves of [Pb12]2− and [Au@Pb12]3− share very similar character and tendency confirming their analogous aromaticity.
Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory properties of telmesteine on inflammation-associated skin diseases
Authors: Xu Xuetao , Huang Danying , Liu Wenfeng , Sheng Zhaojun , Liang Kanyi , Li Dongli , Zhao Denggao , Ma Yanyan , Zhang Kun , Hayat Tasawar , Alharbi Njud S. , Li Weikuai
Published: July 2017

Telmesteine, a useful agent for respiratory tract disorders, has been reported to be a critical active ingredient in topical compositions for dermatitis.
Ag3PO4@holmium phosphate core@shell composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Li Fengfeng , Li Zhihong , Zhang Mingxi , Shen Yi , Cai Yongfeng , Li Yaran , He Xinyu , Chen Chen
Published: July 2017

In this study, Ag3PO4@holmium phosphate (HP) composite photocatalysts were firstly prepared. The core–shell heterojunction structure of Ag3PO4@HP significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4.
Biomimetic intrafibrillar silicification of collagen fibrils through a one-step collagen self-assembly/silicification approach
Authors: Hu Changmin , Yu Le , Wei Mei
Published: July 2017

Intrafibrillar silicified collagen fibrils are successfully fabricated using a one-step collagen self-assembly/silicification approach, which better support osteoblast activities.
Co9S8 activated N/S co-doped carbon tubes in situ grown on carbon nanofibers for efficient oxygen reduction
Authors: Wang Fang , Liu Ting , Guo Yaofang , Li Wenzhen , Qi Ji , Rooney David , Sun Kening
Published: July 2017

Herein, we report a facile and environment-friendly route for the preparation of Co9S8 activated N/S co-doped carbon tubes (denoted as Co9S8@N/S–CT) in situ grown on a carbon nanofiber network derived from bacterial cellulose.
Platinum deposited on cerium coordination polymer for catalytic oxidation of hydroxymethylfurfural producing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid
Authors: Gong Wei , Zheng Kunkun , Ji Peijun
Published: July 2017

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a value added chemical that can be used as a polymer building block for the synthesis of biobased polymers.
Reversible loading of thiol-modified curcumin in an engineered protein capsid
Authors: Guo Q. , Thomas G. C. , Woycechowsky K. J.
Published: July 2017

The dodecahedral capsid formed by Aquifex aeolicus lumazine synthase (AaLS) is a promising protein scaffold for bionanotechnological applications.
Acid-promoted metal-free protodeboronation of arylboronic acids
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Li Yang , Liu Jianhui
Published: July 2017

A facile and green acid-promoted protodeboronation of arylboronic acids in the absence of metal catalysts or any other additives is reported.
A novel silver-loaded chitosan composite sponge with sustained silver release as a long-lasting antimicrobial dressing
Authors: Huang Xiaofei , Bao Xiaojiong , Wang Zhengke , Hu Qiaoling
Published: July 2017

A new kind of chitosan-based sponge with sustained silver release was prepared by loading CCS-AgNPs into chitosan matrix through interaction between catechol and chitosan, which is considered as a potential candidate for wound healing dressings.
Hierarchical MoP/Ni2P heterostructures on nickel foam for efficient water splitting
Authors: Du Cuicui , Shang Mengxiang , Mao Jianxin , Song Wenbo
Published: July 2017

Hierarchical MoP/Ni2P heterostructures in situ grown on 3D Ni foam serving as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting.
Significantly enhanced energy storage density for poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites by induced PDA-coated 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3–0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 nanofibers
Authors: Chi Qingguo , Ma Tao , Zhang Yue , Cui Yang , Zhang Changhai , Lin Jiaqi , Wang Xuan , Lei Qingquan
Published: July 2017

The significantly enhanced energy storage characteristics of 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3–0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 nanofibers/PVDF dielectric composites with low doping ratios and large aspect ratio nanofillers.
Synergistic effect of the bifunctional polydopamine–Mn3O4composite electrocatalyst for vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Ji Ya , Li Jacelyn Liangshi , Li Sam Fong Yau
Published: July 2017

In this work, a novel catalyst based on the polydopamine (PDA)–Mn3O4composite was synthesized and optimized by varying PDA and Mn3O4loadings.
Inverse relationship of dimensionality and catalytic activity in CO2transformation: a systematic investigation by comparing multidimensional metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Babu Robin , Roshan Roshith , Gim Yeongrok , Jang Yun Hee , Kurisingal Jintu Francis , Kim Dong Woo , Park Dae-Won
Published: July 2017

The correlation between dimensionality and active sites on deciding the catalytic performance of an MOF catalyst in CO2–epoxide cycloaddition reactions has been studied.
Platinum nanoparticles supported on defective tungsten bronze-type KSr2Nb5O15 as a novel photocatalyst for efficient ethylene oxidation
Authors: Zhang Wei , Pan Xiaoyang , Long Peiqing , Liu Xitao , Long Xia , Yu Ying , Yi Zhiguo
Published: July 2017

Platinum nanoparticles supported on defective tungsten bronze-type KSr2Nb5O15 was shown as a novel photocatalyst for efficient oxidation of ethylene.
Ultra-high proton/vanadium selectivity of a modified sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) composite membrane for all vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Aziz Md. Abdul , Shanmugam Sangaraju
Published: July 2017

An ultra-high ion-selective SPAEK/ZrNT composite membrane is developed and exhibits an improved VRB self-discharge time compared with SPAEK and Nafion-212 membranes.
Single-source-precursor synthesis and electromagnetic properties of novel RGO–SiCN ceramic nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Xingmin , Yu Zhaoju , Ishikawa Ryo , Chen Lingqi , Yin Xiaowei , Ikuhara Yuichi , Riedel Ralf
Published: July 2017

RGO–SiCN ceramic nanocomposites preparedviaa novel single-source-precursor route exhibit a great advantage over the traditional physical blending method regarding their electromagnetic absorbing performance, due to the quality of the dispersion of RGO in the ceramic matrices.
Towards efficient dual-emissive carbon dots through sulfur and nitrogen co-doped
Authors: Zhou Wan , Zhuang Jianle , Li Wei , Hu Chaofan , Lei Bingfu , Liu Yingliang
Published: July 2017

Herein, unique S and N co-doped carbon dots (S,N-C-dots) were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method.
Efficient and thermally stable non-doped red OLEDs based on a “bird-like” donor–acceptor fluorophore with aggregation induced emission enhancement and intramolecular charge transfer
Authors: Ravindran Ezhakudiyan , Somanathan Narayanasastri
Published: July 2017

The rational design of an efficient and thermally stable non-doped red fluorophore material with tunable AIEE and ICT characteristics triggers enhanced OLED performances.
Up-regulation of ANKDR49, a poor prognostic factor, regulates cell proliferation of gliomas
Authors: Hao Chunyan , Duan Hubin , Li Hao , Pei Mingyang , Liu Yueting , Fan Yimin , Zhang Ce
Published: July 2017

The Ankyrin repeat domain 49 (ANKRD49) is an evolutionarily conserved protein, which is related to mediate protein–protein interaction. However, the function of ANKRD49 in human glioma remains elusive. Mining through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we found that the expression of ANKRD49 was increased in glioma tissues and that high expression of ANKRD49 was strongly associated with high disease grade and poor overall survival. To investigate the role of ANKRD49 in malignant glioma, lentivirus expressing shRNA targetting ANKRD49 was constructed in U251 and U87 malignant glioma cells. We demonstrated that ANKRD49 knockdown reduced the proliferation rate of U251 and U87 cells. Further mechanism analysis indicated that depletion of ANKRD49 led to the cell-cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in U251 and U87 cells. ANKRD49 knockdown also changed the expression of key effectors that are involved in stress response, cell cycle, and apoptosis, including p-HSP27 (heat shock protein 27), p-Smad2 (SMAD family member 2), p-p53, p-p38, p-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), p-SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun n-terminal kinase), cleveagated Caspase-7, p-Chk1 (checkpoint kinase 1), and p-eIF2a (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2a). Taken together, our findings implicate that ANKRD49 promotes the proliferation of human malignant glioma cells. ANKRD49 maybe an attractive target for malignant glioma therapy.
Proteomics and metabolomics in ageing research: from biomarkers to systems biology
Authors: Hoffman Jessica M. , Lyu Yang , Pletcher Scott D. , Promislow Daniel E.L.
Published: July 2017

Age is the single greatest risk factor for a wide range of diseases, and as the mean age of human populations grows steadily older, the impact of this risk factor grows as well. Laboratory studies on the basic biology of ageing have shed light on numerous genetic pathways that have strong effects on lifespan. However, we still do not know the degree to which the pathways that affect ageing in the lab also influence variation in rates of ageing and age-related disease in human populations. Similarly, despite considerable effort, we have yet to identify reliable and reproducible ‘biomarkers’, which are predictors of one’s biological as opposed to chronological age. One challenge lies in the enormous mechanistic distance between genotype and downstream ageing phenotypes. Here, we consider the power of studying ‘endophenotypes’ in the context of ageing. Endophenotypes are the various molecular domains that exist at intermediate levels of organization between the genotype and phenotype. We focus our attention specifically on proteins and metabolites. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling has the potential to help identify the underlying causal mechanisms that link genotype to phenotype. We present a brief review of proteomics and metabolomics in ageing research with a focus on the potential of a systems biology and network-centric perspective in geroscience. While network analyses to study ageing utilizing proteomics and metabolomics are in their infancy, they may be the powerful model needed to discover underlying biological processes that influence natural variation in ageing, age-related disease, and longevity.
The role of attenuated redox and heat shock protein responses in the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and function
Authors: McArdle Anne , Jackson Malcolm J.
Published: July 2017

The loss of muscle mass and weakness that accompanies ageing is a major contributor to physical frailty and loss of independence in older people. A failure of muscle to adapt to physiological stresses such as exercise is seen with ageing and disruption of redox regulated processes and stress responses are recognized to play important roles in theses deficits. The role of redox regulation in control of specific stress responses, including the generation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) by muscle appears to be particularly important and affected by ageing. Transgenic and knockout studies in experimental models in which redox and HSP responses were modified have demonstrated the importance of these processes in maintenance of muscle mass and function during ageing. New data also indicate the potential of these processes to interact with and influence ageing in other tissues. In particular the roles of redox signalling and HSPs in regulation of inflammatory pathways appears important in their impact on organismal ageing. This review will briefly indicate the importance of this area and demonstrate how an understanding of the manner in which redox and stress responses interact and how they may be controlled offers considerable promise as an approach to ameliorate the major functional consequences of ageing of skeletal muscle (and potentially other tissues) in man.
2D autoregressive model‐based dynamic correlated massive MU‐MIMO channel simulator
Authors: Huang Tianyu , Ma Linhua , Hu Xing , Huang Shaocheng , Liu Shiping
Published: July 2017

To design a dynamic correlated channel simulator which can precisely depict the space–time correlation properties and be suitable for the massive multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output (MU‐MIMO) system, a 2D autoregressive (2D AR) model‐based method is proposed. Specifically, by exploiting stationarity in space–time domain, the authors use 2D AR method to create the space–time channel matrices of every user separately. In this way, the space–time dimension of the simulated channel can be modified flexibly without rebuilding the 2D AR model, and spatial correlation matrix with excessively big size is not necessary to guarantee the accuracy of the proposed simulator, making it suitable for massive MU‐MIMO system. Simulation results verify the advantages of the proposed simulator.
New communication strategy for spectrum sharing enabled smart grid cyber‐physical system
Authors: You Minglei , Liu Qitao , Sun Hongjian
Published: July 2017

Smart grid cyber‐physical system (CPS) exploits various physical components to provide better knowledge and delicate control of the power grid, while the huge data volume is transmitted via the integration of advanced communication technologies. To provide better services for the applications in the smart grid CPS, the communication network has to consider the aspects of both improving the system throughput and meeting the real‐time requirement. In order to address this issue, a new communication strategy is proposed in this study. The strategy is based on the time performance features of different smart grid CPS applications, which also exploits both temporal and spatial available spectrum resources for transmitting via spectrum sharing techniques. Moreover, the performance has been verified by a case study based on IEEE 14‐bus power system. An important real‐time application, namely real‐time voltage stability enhancement, has been investigated in the case study. Results show that the proposed communication strategy is able to improve the throughput of the smart grid CPS and the time performance of time sensitive applications.
Iron loss analysis on switched reluctance motor under different control modes
Authors: Yan Wenju , Chen Hao , Chen Lei , Wang Kai , Li Dongyang
Published: July 2017

This study analyses the influence of the control parameters on the iron loss of the switched reluctance motor under different control modes by using the motor iron loss model which is suitable for different control modes. The motor iron loss model combines the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) method with the finite element (FE) method. First, the static flux density of the motor is obtained by the FE software, and then the relationship between the characteristics of static flux density and dynamic flux density is analysed through the MEC method. In combination with the motor dynamic MATLAB/Simulink model, the dynamic flux density of different feature regions is obtained. Simultaneously, the iron loss model of the motor is established in MATLAB/Simulink according to the loss model so that the motor loss can be calculated rapidly and accurately. Then, the influence of the control parameters on the motor loss is calculated and analysed under angle position control and current chopping control. The accuracy of the loss model and analysis results are verified by experiments.
Non‐isolated high step‐up DC/DC converter based on a high degrees of freedom voltage gain cell
Authors: Zhu Binxin , Liu Song , Huang Yuehua , Tan Chao
Published: July 2017

This study presents a non‐isolated high step‐up DC/DC converter based on a high degree of freedom voltage gain cell (HDF‐VGC). Both voltage stress of components and conversion ratio of the proposed converter could be adjusted by the number of the HDF‐VGC, the current stress of the semiconductor devices can also be adjusted by the input phase numbers of the converter. Moreover, the input current of each phase are automatically balanced. These characteristics make the proposed converter very suitable for high‐power and high‐voltage applications, such as offshore wind power high‐voltage DC transmission system. In this study, the topology construction of the proposed converter has been discussed. The operation principle and performance characteristics of the converter are analysed with four input phases and five HDF‐VGCs, then the converter is simulated and a 400 W experimental prototype has been built to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Convergent Total Synthesis of Histone H2B Protein with Site-Specific Ubiquitination at Lys120
Authors: Li Jia-Bin , Zheng Ji-Shen , Qi Yun-Kun , He Qiao-Qiao , Ai Hua-Song
Published: July 2017

Histone H2B Lys120 mono-ubiquitylation (H2BK120Ub) plays an important role in regulating gene expression and diverse nuclear processes. For biochemical and biophysical studies of this dynamic post-translational modification, access to homogeneous and workable amount of H2BK120Ub is obligatory. Here we report a new strategy for the convergent total chemical synthesis of homogenous histone H2BK120Ub on multi-milligram scale through the combination of hydrazide-based native chemical ligation and acid-cleavable auxiliary-mediated ligation of peptide hydrazides. The synthetic H2BK120Ub could be efficiently incorporated into nucleosomes, which may provide valuable materials for the biochemical and structural studies of nucleosome complexes involving H2BK120Ub.
Wie kam die Ätiologie in die Homöopathie?
Authors: Gnaiger-Rathmanner Jutta
Published: July 2017

Dem Inhalt nach ist die Ätiologie schon im § 5 des Organon von Hahnemann begründet. Darin wird der Anfang einer Krankheit im Gegensatz zu ihrer tiefer liegenden Ursache behandelt.

Der Begriff der Ätiologie selbst entwickelt sich über den Beitrag von Bönninghausens, über Hering und Kent stufenweise, bis Schmidt ihn deutlich formuliert und in seinem Alterswerk an die erste Stelle des Hierarchisierens stellt. Dorcsi formt die Ätiologie als wichtigen Baustein in seinem Lehrgebäude der Wiener Schule aus.

In den neuen Repertorien finden sich ganz selbstverständlich die wertvollen Rubriken „ailments from“, „Beschwerden durch“.
Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zur Überwindung von Barrieren bezüglich einer palliativmedizinischen Versorgung von Patienten mit chronischer Herzinsuffizienz: Eine Delphi-Studie
Authors: Ziehm Jeanette , Farin Erik , Becker Gerhild , Köberich Stefan
Published: July 2017

Obwohl Patienten mit chronischer Herzinsuffizienz (CHI) unter ähnlicher Symptomlast leiden wie Patienten mit malignen Erkrankungen, werden sie weitaus seltener einer palliativmedizinischen Versorgung zugeführt. Studien begründen dies mit dem zyklischen Verlauf der Erkrankung, der den Zeitpunkt nicht eindeutig bestimmbar macht, Unkenntnis um Inhalte und Strukturen der Palliativmedizin (PM) sowie mangelnder interprofessioneller Kommunikation. Gleichwohl legen Studienergebnisse nahe, dass Patienten mit CHI von einer palliativmedizinischen Versorgung profitieren. In der vorliegenden Delphi-Befragung haben akademische Experten und klinisch erfahrene Praktiker Maßnahmen entwickelt, um zuvor identifizierte Barrieren zu überwinden und diese nach Relevanz und Umsetzbarkeit bewertet. Maßnahmen, die als relevant und umsetzbar bewertet wurden, wurden zusätzlich hinsichtlich ihrer Wichtigkeit in eine Rangfolge gebracht. Die Maßnahmen beziehen sich hauptsächlich auf bessere Fort- und Weiterbildung der Behandler sowie auf eine engere Kooperation der an der Behandlung beteiligten Akteure.
Room temperature magnetoresistance and exchange bias in “314-type” oxygen-vacancy ordered SrCo0.85Fe0.15O2.62
Authors: Mohanty Prachi , Marik Sourav , Singh Deepak , Singh Ravi P.
Published: July 2017

Herein, we report the magneto-transport and exchange bias effect in a “314-type” oxygen vacancy ordered material with composition SrCo0.85Fe0.15O2.62. This material exhibits a ferrimagnetic transition above room temperature, at 315 K. The negative magnetoresistance starts to appear from room temperature (−1.3% at 295 K in 70 kOe) and reaches a sizable value of 58% at 4 K in 70 kOe. A large exchange bias effect is observed below 315 K when the sample is cooled in the presence of a magnetic field. The coexistence of nearly compensated and ferrimagnetic regions in the layered structure leads to a magnetoresistance and an exchange bias in this sample. The appearance of a sizable magnetoresistance and a giant exchange bias effect, especially near room temperature, indicates that “314-type” cobaltates are a promising class of material systems for the exploration of materials with potential applications as magnetic sensors or in the area of spintronics.
On the electron density localization in elemental cubic ceramic and FCC transition metals by means of a localized electrons detector
Authors: Aray Yosslen , Paredes Ricardo , Álvarez Luis Javier , Martiz Alejandro
Published: July 2017

The electron density localization in insulator and semiconductor elemental cubic materials with diamond structure, carbon, silicon, germanium, and tin, and good metallic conductors with face centered cubic structure such as α-Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au, was studied using a localized electrons detector defined in the local moment representation. Our results clearly show an opposite pattern of the electron density localization for the cubic ceramic and transition metal materials. It was found that, for the elemental ceramic materials, the zone of low electron localization is very small and is mainly localized on the atomic basin edges. On the contrary, for the transition metals, there are low-valued localized electrons detector isocontours defining a zone of highly delocalized electrons that extends throughout the material. We have found that the best conductors are those in which the electron density at this low-value zone is the lowest.
Relation between CIDNP formed upon geminate and bulk recombination of radical pairs
Authors: Sosnovsky Denis V. , Morozova Olga B. , Yurkovskaya Alexandra V. , Ivanov Konstantin L.
Published: July 2017

A theoretical approach to time-resolved Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP) is proposed, which allows one to obtain the general relation between polarization formed upon recombination of geminate spin-correlated radical pairs, the so-called G-pairs, and upon recombination of radical pairs formed by encounters of free radicals in solution, the so-called F-pairs. This relation is described by a universal parameter denoted as γ. In this work, the γ value is computed for the arbitrary spin multiplicity, singlet or triplet, of the precursor of the G-pairs as well as for arbitrary recombination rate constants of radical pairs in singlet and triplet states, kS and kT, respectively. Furthermore, the treatment is extended to the situation where radicals undergo transformation resulting in different reactivity or magnetic parameters for F-pairs and G-pairs. The proposed theory enables modeling of time-resolved CIDNP data in cases where (i) both recombination channels are active and (ii) fast protonation/deprotonation of radicals changes the effective γ value.
Polaron-mediated low-frequency dielectric anomaly in reduced LiNbO3:Ti
Authors: Granzow Torsten
Published: July 2017

Measurements of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric permittivity of reduced Ti-doped lithium niobate reveal a low-frequency dielectric relaxation as well as a strong increase in the conductivity compared to undoped samples. The low-frequency permittivity is increased by about an order of magnitude due to the relaxation. The analysis of the temperature-dependence of the relaxation frequency reveals a thermally activated behavior with an activation energy of Ea = 0.65 eV, which is in agreement with a transition between NbLi4+ small bound polarons and NbNb4+ free polarons. Both low-field ac conductivity and high-field dc conductivity indicate a Poole-Frenkel-type electron hopping mechanism between NbLi4+ sites at low temperature, turning into similar hopping between NbNb4+ at high temperatures.
Perspective: Outstanding theoretical questions in polymer-nanoparticle hybrids
Authors: Kumar Sanat K. , Ganesan Venkat , Riggleman Robert A.
Published: July 2017

This topical review discusses the theoretical progress made in the field of polymer nanocomposites, i.e., hybrid materials created by mixing (typically inorganic) nanoparticles (NPs) with organic polymers. It primarily focuses on the outstanding issues in this field and is structured around five separate topics: (i) the synthesis of functionalized nanoparticles; (ii) their phase behavior when mixed with a homopolymer matrix and their assembly into well-defined superstructures; (iii) the role of processing on the structures realized by these hybrid materials and the role of the mobilities of the different constituents; (iv) the role of external fields (electric, magnetic) in the active assembly of the NPs; and (v) the engineering properties that result and the factors that control them. While the most is known about topic (ii), we believe that significant progress needs to be made in the other four topics before the practical promise offered by these materials can be realized. This review delineates the most pressing issues on these topics and poses specific questions that we believe need to be addressed in the immediate future.