bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização epidemiológica e clínica do HIV/Aids: associações com a mortalidade
Authors: Gonçales Leandra Fagan Rodrigues , Montanha Rafaela Marioto , Rodrigues Renne , Kerbauy Gilselena , Furuya Rejane Kiyomi , Ferreira Natalia Marciano de Araujo , Bolorino Natacha , Tiroli Carla Fernanda , Ribeiro Laís Cristina Gonçalves , Pieri Flávia Meneguetti
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico e clínico dos casos de HIV/Aids e associar este perfil com a mortalidade. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado com dados das fichas de HIV/Aids do Sistema Nacional de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, de 2007 a 2019.  Foi realizada análise de taxa de detecção de casos de HIV/Aids e calculada a razão de chances. Resultados: Dos 3.113 casos notificados, prevaleceram homens (72,3%), faixa etária entre 30-59 anos (60,9%), com ensino médio completo (39,5%) e raça/etnia branca (67,3%). Houve aumento do percentual de homens (p<0,001), diminuição da idade média (p=0,012) e diminuição do percentual de óbito (p<0,001). Indivíduos do sexo masculino, mais velhos, com menor escolaridade, heterossexuais e com infecções oportunistas apresentaram maior chance de óbito (p<0,05). Conclusão: A associação entre baixa escolaridade e óbito demonstra a necessidade de educação em saúde de modo simples. A maior mortalidade em homens reforça a importância de políticas direcionadas a esse público.
Relato de caso: catarata lamelar congênita – evolução em 3 anos
Authors: Gonzaga Sílvia Nogueira Marx , Campolina Ricardo Bicalho , De Souza Marcus Vinicius Cardoso , Góes Lucas Brandão Damasceno , Zhouri Matheus Rainato , Campos Victor Guerra
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de catarata congênita lamelar não associada a síndromes sistêmicas ou malformações congênitas e apresentar a conduta adotada. Detalhamento do Caso: Trata-se de um paciente de cinco anos idade, masculino, sem comorbidades e sem alterações no Teste do Olhinho, referenciado para acompanhamento no Centro Oftalmológico de Minas Gerais em 2017, com queixa de fotofobia intensa. Ao exame foi evidenciado redução discreta da acuidade visual, opacidades cristalinas lamelares em anel em ambos os olhos com eixo visual livre, ausência de alterações de motilidade ocular e níveis pressóricas normais.  Considerações Finais: A detecção precoce de alterações oftalmológicas é de suma importância na minimização do impacto das doenças oculares no desenvolvimento psicomotor e cognitivo das crianças. Apesar da importância do teste do olhinho, as cataratas lamelares podem apresentar reflexo vermelho normal ou próximo do normal, deixando de ser diagnosticadas. Neste contexto, mesmo na ausência de dificuldades visuais ou doenças sindrômicas, uma visita anual ao oftalmologista é essencial durante os primeiros anos de vida para diagnosticar casos limítrofes.
Paralisia Obstétrica do Plexo Braquial: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Calzavara João Vitor Santos , Pires André Luiz de Pádua , Filho João Carlos da Silva Melo , Pinho Paulo Vitor Pereira , Júnior Wellington Oliveira , Rocha Brenda Ferreira , Braz Roberta Fernandes , Souza Ana Clara Alves Meira , Guimarães Giovana Santarossa Lopes , Carvalho Lucas
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar as atualizações sobre paralisia obstétrica do plexo braquial (POPB) e suas opções terapêuticas. Métodos: Realizada análise bibliográfica da produção científica entre 2013 e 2018 sobre atualizações de lesão obstétrica do plexo braquial e seus tratamentos. Os artigos foram selecionados por meio de busca às bases de dados PUBMED, SciELO e LILACS, utilizando descritores selecionados em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: A maioria dos artigos selecionados foram publicados no ano de 2014 e na base de dados PUBMED. Observou-se que a classificação de Narakas subdivide os tipos de lesão e as relaciona ao prognóstico, predominando a recuperação espontânea. No entanto, quando graves, podem ser geradas sequelas permanentes, sendo benéfica uma conduta cirúrgica no intuito de restauração nervosa. Mesmo após cirurgias primárias, em pacientes com déficits, é comum o desenvolvimento de contraturas, o que gera desequilíbrio muscular, com posterior deformidades ósteo-articulares, sendo que cirurgias secundárias e outros tratamentos visam reduzir as limitações e propiciar uma melhor funcionalidade do membro afetado. Considerações finais: A POPB pode gerar sequelas irreversíveis sobre a função motora dos membros superior, devendo ser avaliado e diagnosticado precocemente, bem como instituído o tratamento individualizado mais adequado.
Relationship of breathing pattern with vascular tone and arterial stiffness in young healthy individuals
Authors: Sharma Mitali , Bagali Shrilaxmi , Patil Satish G.
Published: January 2021

Objectives:

A dynamic interaction exists between respiration, cardiovascular system, and autonomic nervous regulatory mechanisms as demonstrated by respiratory sinus arrhythmia. The vascular tone might also demonstrate a similar variability during inspiration and expiration. The breathing patterns by influencing the sympathetic outflow may have an impact on the vascular tone and hence cardiovascular system at large. The present study was undertaken to assess the quiet breathing pattern and its relation with vascular tone, hemodynamics, and arterial stiffness in normal young healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:

The study involved 46 young healthy adults (both males and females) aged 19–25 years. Breathing parameters included were respiratory rate (RR), inspiration time (IT), expiration time (ET), and inspiration-expiration ratio (I/E ratio). Vascular parameters included were reflection index (reflects vascular tone) and stiffness index (reflects arterial stiffness). Blood pressure (BP in mmHg) and heart rate (bpm) were measured.

Results:

IT and ET were almost equal with no significant difference. ET was weekly correlated with diastolic BP (r = −0.410; P = 0.058) in females but not in males. Breathing pattern was not significantly associated with vascular tone and arterial stiffness.

Conclusion:

IT, ET, I/E ratio, and RR were not significantly correlated with vascular tone and arterial stiffness suggesting that breathing does not influence the arterial health and function in young healthy individuals. There was a weak negative correlation between ET and diastolic BP in females but not in males, implicating the existence of fundamental differences in basic BP regulation between the sexes.
Bridging the gap in respiratory medicine: How a pulmonologist from other continent can help African children who “can’t breathe?” The story of a European professor and his African trainee
Authors: Weldetsadik Abate Yeshidinber , Riedel Frank
Published: January 2021

An European pediatric pulmonologist successfully organized a 2-year in-house pediatric pulmonology training with simultaneous establishment of the first pediatric pulmonary center in Ethiopia. Collaboration of the local institution with a non-governmental organization (NGO) facilitated the realization of the program. Training cost was significantly low compared to the expected out of country training, with extra financial benefit enabling purchase of equipment for the center. Our experience shows that specialists from developed countries can be instrumental to establishing cost-effective training programs and founding of specialized services in low-income countries by training subspecialists in their own setting. NGOs and leading international professional societies can support such programs to relieve the suffering of the child who “can’t breathe” because s/he is born in a low income country.
Antibody Screening Results for Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibodies Towards the Development of a SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Antigen Detecting Lateral Flow Assay
Authors: Cate David , Hsieh Helen , Glukhova Veronika , Bishop Joshua D , Hermansky H Gleda , Barrios-Lopez Brianda , Grant Ben D , Anderson Caitlin E , Spencer Ethan , Kuhn Samantha , Gallagher Ryan , Rivera Rafael , Bennett Crissa , Byrnes Sam A , Connelly John T , Dewan Puneet K , S. Boyle David , Weigl Bernhard H , Nichols Kevin P
Published: January 2021

The global COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent demand for large numbers of inexpensive, accurate, rapid, point-of-care diagnostic tests. Analyte-based assays are suitably inexpensive and can be rapidly mass-produced, but for sufficiently accurate performance they require highly optimized antibodies and assay conditions. We used an automated liquid handling system, customized to handle arrays of lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) tests in a high-throughput screen, to identify anti-nucleocapsid antibodies that will perform optimally in an LFA. We tested 1021 anti-nucleocapsid antibody pairs as LFA capture and detection reagents with the goal of highlighting pairs that have the greatest affinity for unique epitopes of the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 within the LFA format. In contrast to traditional antibody screening methods (e.g., ELISA, bio-layer interferometry), the method described here integrates real-time reaction kinetics with transport in, and immobilization directly onto, nitrocellulose. We have identified several candidate antibody pairs that are suitable for further development of an LFA for SARS-CoV-2.
Synthesis and styrene copolymerization of novel trisubstituted ethylenes: 5. Halogen ring-substituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates
Authors: Lee Grace D. , Madrid Mae I. Z. , Maya Jullisa J. , Nuelle Andrew S. , Padilla Nancy , Pappas Gia K. , Patel Rechal K. , Villegas Misael , Aviles Fernanda , Schroeder Emily , Shethwala Farheen , Villa Jordan , Rocus Sara M. , Schjerven William S. , Kharas Gregory
Published: January 2021

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-substituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH2OCH3 (where R is 2-bromo, 3-bromo, 4-bromo, 2-chloro, 3-chloro, 4-chloro, 2-fluoro, 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 2-trifluoromethyl, 3-trifluoromethyl, 4-trifluoromethyl) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and 2-methoxyethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.
Excited State Dynamics of 7-Deazaguanosine and Guanosine 5’ Monophosphate
Authors: Krul Sarah E. , Hoehn Sean J. , Feierabend Karl , Crespo-Hernández Carlos
Published: January 2021

Minor structural modifications to the DNA and RNA nucleobases have a significant effect on their excited state dynamics and electronic relaxation pathways. In this study, the excited state dynamics of 7-deazaguanosine and guanosine 5’-monophosphate are investigated in aqueous and in a mixture of methanol and water using femtosecond broadband transient absorption spectroscopy following excitation at 267 nm. The transient spectra are collected using photon densities that ensure no parasitic multiphoton-induced signal from solvated electrons. The data can be fit satisfactorily using a two- or three-component kinetic model. By analyzing the results from steady-state, time-resolved, computational calculations, and the methanol-water mixture, the following general relaxation mechanism is proposed for both molecules, Lb ® La ® 1ps*(ICT) ® S0, where the 1ps*(ICT) stands for an intramolecular charge transfer excited singlet state with significant ps* character. In general, longer lifetimes for internal conversion are obtained for 7-deazaguanosine compared to guanosine 5’-monophosphate. Internal conversion of the 1ps*(ICT) state to the ground state occurs on a similar time scale of a few picoseconds in both molecules. Collectively, the results demonstrate that substitution of a single nitrogen for a methine (C-H) group at position seven of the guanine moiety stabilizes the 1pp* Lb and La states and alter the topology of their potential energy surfaces in such a way that the relaxation dynamics in 7-deazaguanosine are slowed down compared to those in guanosine 5’-monophosphate but not for the internal conversion of 1ps*(ICT) state to the ground state.
An Efficient Nickel Hydrogen Oxidation Catalyst for Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Ni Weiyan , Wang Teng , Heroguel Florent , Krammer Anna , lee seunghwa , Yao Liang , Scheeler Andreas , Luterbacher Jeremy , Yan Yushan , Hu Xile
Published: January 2021

The hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell (HEMFC) is a promising energy conversion technology, but it is limited by the need of platinum-group-metal (PGM) electrocatalysts, especially for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). Here we report a Ni-based HOR catalyst that exhibits an electrochemical surface area-normalized exchange current density of 70 μA/cm2, the highest among PGM-free catalysts. The catalyst comprises of Ni nanoparticles embedded in a nitrogen-doped carbon support. According to X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy as well as H2 chemisorption, the electronic interaction between the Ni nanoparticles and its support leads to an optimal hydrogen binding energy, which is the likely origin of its high activity. PGM-free HEMFCs employing this Ni HOR catalyst give a peak power density of 450 mW/cm2, up to 6 times higher than previous best-performing analogous. This work demonstrates the feasibility of efficient PGM-free HEMFCs.
A specified and accurate RP-HPLC method stimulation and estimation in bulk pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Venkateswara Rao A  , Sireesha  , Malini Evangeline Rose  , Sivasankari S
Published: January 2021

A specified, accurate and exact RP-HPLC technique is established for the approximation of Hydrochlorothiazide and Losartan Potassium in pharmaceutical dosage form. The novel method was developed by make use of waters HPLC System on a Zodiac C18   column. The Mixture of 0.01% Ortho Phosporic Acid: Acetonitrile 70:30 v/v portable segment is used at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. The vaccination capacity selected about 20 µl. The wavelength recognition is approved out at 220 nm. The preservation period of Hydro chlorthiazide and Losartan were originated to be 3.1 min and 7.2 min correspondingly. The established RP- HPLCtechniqueis authenticated as each ICH strategies for the estimation of together the drugs in bulk in addition to in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The established technique is authenticated with regard to Accuracy, Precision, Linearity, Robustness and Ruggedness. Hence, the projected technique is effectively used by simultaneous determination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Losartan Potassium. It is habitually utilized for the medication for Hypertension, congestive heart failure, symptomatic Edema, diabetes Insipidus, renal tubular acidosis. The Thiazide-Type Diuretics (counting Hydrochlorothiazide) would lesquerella powerful over the Thiazide-Like Diuretics (Chlortalidone and Indapamide) for decreasing those danger for heart Attack, Stroke, and heart disappointment in Persons with high bar. HCTZ will be likewise here and there used to prevent Osteopenia Also to medicine of Hypoparathyroidism, hypercalciuria. Thiazides need aid likewise utilized in the medicine about osteoporosis.
Gender differences in patients who underwent root canal treatment in anterior teeth after trauma
Authors: Reshmi B  , Bhagyalakshmi T  , Arvind S
Published: January 2021

Anterior tooth fractures are more commonly found in younger patients than in adults. Kids in school accidentally fall and break their anterior tooth. It not only has an impact on aesthetics but physiological disturbances due to their friends. The aim of this study is to assess the gender difference in patients who underwent root canal treatment in anterior teeth after trauma. The data was collected from the dental information archiving software of saveetha dental college, from June 2019 to March 2020. The parameters collected were age, gender, a tooth which had undergone trauma. The data was collected and tabulated in the excel sheet and was transferred to the SPSS software by IBM for statistical analysis like chi-square test between trauma teeth and age and gender and traumatized tooth. This study reveals that males had a higher incidence of fracture than females and they belonged to the age group of 2-4 years with a P-value of 0.213 >0.05 (statistically insignificant).   This study concludes that male children are more prone for anterior tooth fracture than the female children, and they must be educated on the importance of teeth and safety during sporting or any other physical activities.
Experimental studies of heat treatment influence on the welded connections properties in working mechanisms of road building
Authors: Scherbakov A. Р.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The experimental studies of the heat treatment effect on the properties of welded joints in working mechanisms of road-building machines are carried out in the work. Studying the structures of the metal itself, as well as welded joints and considering their heterogeneity, the author analyzes the strength characteristics of these objects.

Materials and methods. By means of metallographic analysis, as well as using boron-containing steel 30MnB5, which is used for the manufacture of structures for construction machines, as a research material, the author examined its microstructure, which took place in certain zones of welded joints. In particular, welded jointss, fusion zones with an overheating area, a complete recrystallization area and the base metal were studied. We also studied the features of cold plastic deformation of the specified steel sample.

Results. It was determined that the mechanical inhomogeneity of the steel at these joints is the cause of the structural inhomogeneity of the welded joints. As a result of this process, some dangerous zones of acting voltages concentration are formed. These conclusions predetermine the need to identify some certain zones that concentrate stresses in themselves, while it is mandatory to strengthen the metal in such zones to standard indicators. An increase in the strength properties of the steel under study is possible by applying cold plastic deformation and subsequent thermal cycling (STC). This is achieved by obtaining a fine-grained metal structure with higher strength. The author defines the welded joints and the zone of its fusion with the base metal and the overheating area as the most dangerous areas subject to loading. To control this process, it is recommended to use the passive fluxgate method in the work, while the fusion zone with the overheating section should be inspected first, and then the weld.

Discussion and conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that the experimental studies carried out can contribute to an increase in the efficiency of the process of reducing the stress concentration (SC) in the elements of construction machines made of steel and subjected to intensive operation by reducing the structural and mechanical inhomogeneity of welded joints.
Development of scientific and methodological approaches to improve the efficiency of quarry transport operation
Authors: Novikov A. N. , Novikov I. A. , Zagorodnij N. A. , Semykina A. S.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article discusses innovative and information technologies, an identification system, the purpose of which is to increase the efficiency of the operation of open pit transport. An algorithm for the operation of vehicles in a quarry in a simulation model has been developed. The method of calculating the rational amount of quarry transport for the transportation of iron ore from the place of extraction in the quarry to a temporary storage point is presented.

Methods and materials. To manage the transportation process at GOK, it is required to use improved methods and methods for optimizing transport flows to reduce costs in the system “quarry-warehouse / processing plantproduction”, taking into account the dynamics of processes. To increase the efficiency of the operation of open-pit vehicles, the use of innovative and information technologies, an identification system is required. As a scientific and methodological approach, preliminary registration of open pit transport and fixing the time of loading and unloading processes, cargo movement are used. To organize the operation of the transportation process, it is necessary to develop an algorithm for the operation of open pit transport in a simulation model, which will allow collecting information about the state of all temporary storage points, the duration of the transportation process, etc. The implementation of the results of using the methodology for calculating a rational number of vehicles allows to achieve an effective raw materials from the quarry to a temporary storage point.

Results. The authors have developed scientific and methodological approaches to improve the efficiency of mining transport operation.

Conclusion. Research of the organization of work of the process of transportation of iron ore raw materials at the mining and processing plant has been carried out. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop scientific and methodological approaches to improve the operation of open pit transport. An algorithm for the operation of open pit transport in a simulation model has been developed, which allows taking into account the influence of the control and distribution system of dump trucks on the number of excavators and the timely delivery of dump trucks to storage points. The method of calculating the rational amount of quarry transport for the transportation of iron ore raw materials is presented.
Simulation of current output during chrome plating of parts for hardening and car parts restoration
Authors: Kotomchin A. N. , Shtefan Yu. V. , Zorin V. A.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Conducting an experiment when conducting research on electroplating coatings requires a lot of time and energy. To reduce the number of experiments performed, it is necessary to conduct mathematical modeling of the experiment to reduce the number of experiments performed and reduce it to a specific algorithm to obtain reliable and accurate data. The obtained reliable data will allow to get good results in studies of obtaining chrome coatings, with maximum performance, including current output.

Materials and methods. To conduct the research, the necessary equipment for obtaining electroplating coatings, developed a new electrolyte composition for obtaining high-quality high-performance chrome precipitation, as well as the Statistica 13.0 program, which allowed us to reduce the time for calculations and building the necessary graphs, was used.

Results. The analysis of methods and methods of mathematical analysis of the results obtained in order to process them and build a model showed that with a confidence regression coefficient of 0.95, it is most preferable to study the effect of the composition of the chromating electrolyte on the current output, in the range of current density values from 125 ... 250 A / dm2 , the amount of hydrofluoric acid 0.6...1.2 g / l and the operating temperature of the electrolyte 16 ... 27 o C.

Discussion and conclusion. As a result of the obtained mathematical model, it can be argued that studies of the influence of the electrolyte composition on the current density will allow to obtain reliable data with the least number of experiments. At the same time, it can also be argued that it is possible to obtain an even greater current output if additional research is carried out with a change in factors up or down. However, it is not known how the quality of the coating and the adhesion to the base of the part will change, which is an important factor in obtaining wearresistant electroplating.
Modeling of a brick building of high storeys on a pile foundation
Authors: Podshivalov I. I. , Zhuravlev A. V.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. This work is devoted to modeling the stress-strain state of a high-rise brick building on a pile foundation in engineering and geological conditions using the MicroFe design and computing complex, which allows you to create a design scheme in the “base – foundation – building” system using piles in the form of rod end. elements in the soil mass.

Goal. Analyzed-deformed state of the system “base – foundation – building”, obtaining the calculated values of tension and reinforcement in the grillage.

Materials and methods. The calculation was carried out both in a linear formulation and in a constructively nonlinear formulation with one-sided nonlinear connections between bulk soil elements and pile bar elements. Results. In a nonlinear formulation of the solution to the problem, with a limitation of the permissible design load on the piles, a redistribution of efforts between the piles through the grillage is obtained.

Conclusions. Linear calculation is carried out in the case when the greatest forces in the piles do not exceed the specified design load. If this condition is not met, then in the design model, a limitation is introduced on the value of the ultimate load on the piles, equal to the design value, and the calculation is performed considering the constructive nonlinearity of one-sided connections between the pile bar elements and bulk soil elements. Solving the problem in a non-linear formulation allows us to consider the redistribution of efforts between the piles through the grillage, because of which, by changing the location of the piles, it is possible to obtain an optimal design solution for both the pile foundation and the overhead part of the building.
Decolonizing Refugee Studies, Standing up for Indigenous Justice: Challenges and Possibilities of a Politics of Place
Authors: Arat-Koc Sedef
Published: January 2021

This paper interrogates the challenges and potentials for solidarity between refugees and Indigenous peoples by bringing decolonial, anti-colonial and anti-imperialist critiques in different parts of the world, including in white settler colonies and in the Third World, into conversation with each other and with Refugee Studies. The first section of the paper offers two analytical steps towards decolonizing mainstream Refugee Studies. The first step involves identifying, analyzing and problematizing what we may call “an elephant in the room,” a parallax gap between Refugee Studies and studies of International Politics. The second analytical step is problematizing and challenging the popular discourses of charity and gratitude that dominate refugee discourses and narratives in the Global North. The second section of the paper engages in a more direct and detailed discussion about challenges to and possibilities for solidarity between refugees and Indigenous peoples. Articulating historical and contemporary parallels between refugee displacement from land and Indigenous dispossession of land, this section demonstrates that there are nevertheless no guarantees for political solidarity. It argues that potentials for solidarity are contingent on a politics of place, as articulated by Indigenous and non-Indigenous scholars; and also possibly on a reconceptualization and reorientation of refugee identity different from the ways it has been constituted in colonial discourses.
Transnational Modernity/Coloniality: Linking Punjab’s Canal Colonies, Migration, and Settler Colonialism for Critical Solidarities in Canada
Authors: Ranauta Jaspreet
Published: January 2021

This paper offers a transnational analytical framework to inform contemporary anti-racist solidarity building in what is now called Canada by engaging with migration, colonialism, and indigeneity. In particular, I trace the historical entanglements of modernity/coloniality from the British Empire’s Canal Colonies project in Punjab to colonial policies in what is now called British Columbia while centring land and Indigenous sovereignty.
Reflections on Teaching Critical Migration Law in a Settler-colonial Context (Dispatch)
Authors: Bhatia Amar
Published: January 2021

N/A
Empire’s Tracks: Indigenous Nations, Chinese Workers, and the Transcontinental Railroad (Book Review)
Authors: Bhutani Asmita
Published: January 2021

N/A
密码学混合式课程建设探索
Authors: 周 艺华 , 侍 伟敏 , 杨 宇光 , 张 博
Published: January 2021

针对密码学教学过程中存在缺少价值引领、教学手段僵化、实践教学缺失、语言表达不清、缺少自主可控等问题，论文分析了当今密码学课程建设现状，提出了多元融合的密码学混合式教学模式，实现了知识与价值观的混合、线上与线下的混合、理论与实践的混合、中英文教学方式的混合、国际视野与中国标准的混合，提高了学生的学习兴趣和学习效率。
产教融合视角下校企合作人才培养模式探究——以北京社会管理职业学院康养专业群为例
Authors: 程 伟
Published: January 2021

以深化产教融合促进职业教育与社会人才需求有效衔接，是新时代背景下人力资源供给侧结构性改革的必然要求。本研究从产教融合视角探究人才培养模式改革，运用个案研究方法，以北京社会管理职业学院康养专业群为例，论文提出“定标准、搭平台、建基地、育团队、创机制、优服务”的实践路径，探索高职院校产教融合、校企合作新思路和新举措，为构建具有职业教育特色的产教融合、校企合作的人才培养模式提供案例经验和参考借鉴。
Grotrian SteinwegVII修复技术探究
Authors: 王 咏丹
Published: January 2021

论文主要针对中古时期的钢琴的修复技术进行探究与了解。众所周知，不同时期产生的钢琴，无论是在木材上，油漆上还是弦列设计部分等使用的材料数据都是不一样的，对钢琴本身的音质也是大有不同。再加上科技发达的今天，钢琴这一乐器已经被普遍使用。现代钢琴工业已经实现了高度的自动化，在过去的一个世纪里，产量稳步增长，有些公司一年就能产生200000架。自动化程度的提高不但使产量增加，而且进一步使乐器的设计标准化。从某种程度上也意味着人们对现代钢琴的加工要求有所下降，进而间接地使音乐院校的专业学生对好钢琴的音色判断出现了不敏感或者不正确等问题。追根溯源，我们应该尽可能地了解在钢琴制造业还没有泛滥的时代生产的那些钢琴，对它们进行查询收集资料，进行研究修复。古旧钢琴早已不引起人们的关注，更多的是一种摒弃的态度，容易忽视它本身有价值的部分。需要我们后世对它们进行修复恢复它原始的数据从而发现它的优势。在修复的过程中，可以对中古时期的钢琴的内涵进一步的了解并记录保存与传承，做到认识了解归纳总结保存并且传承。因此，论文围绕这一思路展开探讨。
概率论与数理统计课思政元素的提炼和融入
Authors: 叶 建萍
Published: January 2021

新时代社会主义人才的培养，学校起到了关键性的作用。把课程思政引入课堂教学是一个必然的趋势，论文以会计专业教学为例，探索如何将课程思政元素融入概率论与数理统计课堂中，提出了基础课在教学融入课程思政的改革方法。
基于云班课的“案例—任务”驱动教学法实践探究
Authors: 金 炜
Published: January 2021

论文以云班课为信息技术平台，结合翻转课堂构建“案例—任务”教学模式，并将之运用于两个平行班级教学实践之中。对照组学生采用翻转课堂教学模式，实验组则调整为“案例—任务”教学模式，以经典案例、热点时事、生活化案例为基础将教学知识点划分若干任务，通过课前预习、课中头脑风暴、课后发散性讨论展开。为通过对比两组学生期中、期末成绩，我们发现两组学生知识点掌握差异不大，但在案例分析环节实验组学生表现更为优异；针对实验中学生的问卷调查显示，较之一般信息化教学，“案例—任务”教学模式更受学生青睐，能极大地激发学生学习兴趣、积极性以及培养独立思考的能力。
如何培养学生的思维品质，提高学生的创新能力
Authors: 蓝 瑜
Published: January 2021

在提高创新能力的同时应重视思维品质的培养。通过培养学生的创新能力来培养学生思维的深刻性；通过发散思维的训练培养学生思维的灵活性；通过培养学生迅速地分析问题和解决问题的能力，提高学生思维的敏捷性；通过培养学生独立思考的自觉性和解题的新颖性、独特性来培养学生思维的独特性；通过鼓励学生对解决问题所依据的条件进行分析后，大胆提出自己的假设和敢于对现成答案提出质疑来培养思维的批判性。“创新是一个民族进步的灵魂，是国家兴旺发达的不竭动力源泉”，因此对创新人才的培养，应该从基础抓起，学校应担负起培养具有创新品质的创新型学生的责任。首先，应培养学生树立创新意识，这是形成创造性思维能力的前提。其次，为学生创设和谐、民主的学习氛围，让学生最大限度地创造性思维能力。最后，应让学生丰富知识、夯实基础、拓展视野，为创新思维的发展打下坚实的基础。因此，在教学环节中加强培养学生的思维品质及非逻辑思维能力，从而培养学生的创新思维。
旅游管理专业实习考核评价体系的构建
Authors: 周 玲
Published: January 2021

随着社会经济的飞速发展和人们生活水平的提高，中国旅游行业获得了迅猛地发展，对旅游相关的人才的需求量也急剧上涨。旅游管理专业可以为中国旅游市场提供源源不断的人才支持，与此同时，对旅游管理专业人才的培养质量的要求也越来越高。论文主要针对旅游管理专业实习考核评价体系的构建进行探究，指出实习评价体系构建的原则以及相关研究方法，希望能为旅游管理专业教育教学水平的持续提升提供一定的参考。
基于云班课的线上线下混合教学设计与实践探究
Authors: 胡 敏
Published: January 2021

职业教育人才培养要以“培养高素质劳动者和技术技能人才”为目标，这就要求教育要创新人才培养模式。以互联网技术为依托的线上线下混合教学模式受到教师和学生的青睐，这种教学模式有机整合线上丰富教学资源和线下课堂实践互动，帮助教师从资源提供者向资源选择者角色转型，鼓励学生探究性自主学习、广泛参与实践教学环节，培养学生独立辩证思维及团队协作精神。论文以云班课为教学平台介绍线上线下混合教学的设计与实践，通过问卷调查的形式反馈教学成效，并针对存在的问题提出解决方案，为后来的研究抛砖引玉。
关于语文阅读教学的策略研究
Authors: 徐 立敏 , 赵 辉
Published: January 2021

随着新课程改革理念的不断深入与发展，小学阶段的语文教学不仅仅只注重对学生进行理论性的知识传授，更加重视培养学生养成良好的阅读习惯，从而有效提升学生的语文综合能力。阅读教学在小学整体化的语文课堂教学中占据着重要位置，对促进小学生语文核心素养的建构具有重要的意义。因此，在小学语文教学中，教师应积极转变教学观念，勇于探索和创新语文教学模式，为学生创设出合理、科学、多元的阅读教学情境，为学生们营造出轻松和谐的阅读氛围，引导学生在快乐阅读中享受语文学习和语文的独特魅力。
农村初中历史教学的现状与思考探析
Authors: 江 承
Published: January 2021

历史学科是中国初中阶段的一门主要学科，开展这门学科可以培养学生的历史素养，帮助学生养成一种正确的历史观念，增强中国学生对于中国历史的了解。在现阶段的发展过程中，我们正在不断对教学进行改革，新的教学改革对每一个学科都提出了新的要求，更加注重学生的全面发展。因此，对于历史、政治这些与国家政策知识息息相关的学科，国家越来越重视。针对中国当前初中历史教学中的一些不足之处，论文进行了全面的解析，并提出了一些解决方案。
PRELIMINARY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN PIAUÍ, BRAZIL
Authors: Queiroz Bruna Furtado Sena de , Silva Kamila Cristiane de Oliveira , Furtado Tânia Rodrigues , Neiva Maria De Jesus Lopes Mousinho
Published: January 2021

Introdução: O novo Coronavírus é o agente patogênico da COVID-19 (do inglês Coronavirus Disease 2019)ou SARS-CoV-2 (Síndrome Respiratória Aguda grave), cujos sintomas mais comuns são febre, tosse seca e dispneia. A pandemia da COVID1-19 trouxe consigo uma série de preocupações e mudanças na saúde pública de todo o mundo. Este estudo analisa o perfil epidemiológico de todos os casos confirmados de COVID-19 no estado do Piauí. Delineamento: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo, a partir de dados relativos aos casos confirmados coletados no Painel Epidemiológico do Piauí, comas seguintes variáveis de estudo: total de casos, sexo, faixa etária, comorbidades associadas aos óbitos de pessoas por COVID-19, taxa de ocupação dos leitos clínicos e de UTI no estado do Piauí. Resultados: os casos de COVID-19 são predominantes em adultos com faixa etária de 30-49 anos, do sexo feminino. Os óbitos pela doença apresentaram maior concentração em idosos com comorbidades associadas. Mais de 60% dos leitos de UTI estão ocupados por pacientes acometidos pela doença. Conclusão: Os dados sobre a COVID-19 no Piauí são muito preocupantes, com um elevado número de pessoas contaminadas. É necessário implementar estratégias de prevenção da doença, manter as medidas de isolamento social e assegurar atendimento qualificado aos doentes, a fim de manter controle sobre a COVID-19.
ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 IN THE RIBEIRA VALLEY, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
Authors: Souza André Luiz Thomaz de , Gusmão Josiane Lima de , Simas José Martim Marques , Simas Paulo Vitor Marques , Ikeda Alana Campos
Published: January 2021

Introdução: A pandemia do novo coronavírus desafia o serviço público de saúde na implementação de estratégias para conter o avanço da COVID-19. Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico da doença pode auxiliar na tomada de decisão dos gestores a fim de interromper a pandemia. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de COVID-19 no Vale do Ribeira. Delineamento: Levantamento epidemiológico em banco de dados secundário sobre os casos de COVID-19 no Vale do Ribeira, até 15 de agosto de 2020. Resultados: Foram contabilizados 4.873 casos de COVID-19, dos quais 108 foram a óbito. Dentre os casos confirmados predominou o sexo feminino, com idade entre 20 a 59 anos, com cardiopatia. Os óbitos ocorreram com maior frequência no sexo masculino, idade acima de 60 anos, com cardiopatia. A taxa de letalidade foi de 2,22% e constatou-se que quanto maior a densidade demográfica do município, maior o número de casos e óbitos. Implicações: A tendência crescente no número de novos casos e óbitos por COVID-19 no Vale do Ribeira acende um sinal de alerta para a necessidade em avaliar periodicamente o sucesso das medidas profiláticas adotadas na região. Portanto, a divulgação de dados epidemiológicos sobre a doença aliado às medidas preventivas devem ser reforçadas a fim de evitar o colapso no sistema de saúde e na atividade econômica da região.
Saudi EFL Teachers’ Attitudes towards Professional Development
Authors: Alzahrani Maha
Published: January 2021

The study reported in this paper aimed to investigate the Professional Development (PD, henceforth) needs of English language teachers in Saudi Arabia. Its primary objectives were to assess the needs of PD and training of Saudi English language teachers and to explore the teachers’ attitudes towards the amount and quality of English teaching preparation received prior to their teaching career. The study adopted a mixed-method approach in order to gain a deep understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. The participants of the study included 109 Saudi teachers of English language who teach in public schools. The study involved quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Whilst the quantitative data of the study was gathered via a survey questionnaire, the qualitative data was obtained via interviews with 10 of EFL teachers. The findings indicated the teachers’ dissatisfaction with the amount and quality of pre-service training they received. This was due to poor information, a lack of qualified trainers and limited selection of topics which does not serve their teaching needs.
Endothelial function may be enhanced in the cutaneous microcirculation after a single air dive
Authors:   Univ Brest, ORPHY EA4324, IBSAM, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France, Guerrero François , Lambrechts Kate ,   Univ Brest, ORPHY EA4324, IBSAM, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France, Wang Qiong ,   Univ Brest, ORPHY EA4324, IBSAM, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France, Mazur Aleksandra ,   Univ Brest, ORPHY EA4324, IBSAM, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France, Théron Michael ,   Univ Brest, ORPHY EA4324, IBSAM, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France, Marroni Alessandro ,   DAN Europe, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The effects of scuba diving on the vessel wall have been studied mainly at the level of large conduit arteries. Data regarding the microcirculation are scarce and indicate that these two vascular beds are affected differently by diving. Methods: We assessed the changes in cutaneous microcirculation before an air scuba dive, then 30 min and 24 h after surfacing. Endothelium-dependent and independent vasomotion were successively elicited by iontophoretic administration of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside respectively, and cutaneous blood flux was monitored by laser Doppler flowmetry. Results: The response to sodium nitroprusside was significantly lower 30 min after surfacing than before diving (50 (SEM 6)% of the pre-dive values, P = 0.0003) and returned to normal values 24 h post-dive (102 (29)% of the pre-dive values, P = 0.113). When compared to pre-dive values, acetylcholine elicited a hyperaemia which was not statistically different 30 min after surfacing (123 (17)% of the pre-dive values, P = 0.230), but significantly increased 24 h post-dive (148 (10)% of the pre-dive values, P = 0.005). Conclusion: Microvascular smooth muscle function is transiently impaired after diving. On the contrary, microvascular endothelial function is enhanced for up to 24 h after diving. This further suggests that the microcirculation reacts differently than large conduit arteries to scuba diving. The impact of modifications occurring in the microvascular bed on the physiological effects of diving merits further study.
MYRHOROD DOCUMENTS FROM THE “BOOK-ARCHIVE” OF THE SAVIOR-TRANSFIGURATION MGARSKY MONASTERY OF THE XVII-XVIII CENTURIES
Authors: Mytsyk Yurii
Published: January 2021

This article presents archival documents of the Cossack era from the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv. These are the universals of hetmans and colonels concerning the Mhar Monastery, its estates, its relations with Lubny and Zaporizhzhia Sich. The immediate task is the introduction into scientific circulation, the actualization of hitherto unknown historical sources that are important for the history of Ukraine, especially for the history of such a region as Poltava region. In the above-mentioned archives, hitherto unknown documents were discovered and published for the first time. The vast majority of documents belong to other categories of act documents — gifts, merchants, wills, court rulings. They shed light on the city government of Lubnу, the history of the relationship of general and regimental power with the Church, especially with the Mhar Monastery, the mechanism of increasing its land ownership. In general, the documents published here shed additional light on the history of Poltava region of the last third of the 17 — early 18 centuries. The article also contains previously unknown documents concerning the past of Poltava region of hetman times, towns and villages of Lubny, Myrhorod and Poltava regiments, Mhar monastery, their socio-economic, political history.
Conceções de Estudantes Portugueses em Formação Inicial de Professores sobre a Evolução e a Origem da Vida
Authors: Cavadas Bento , Sá-Pinto Xana
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho apresenta as conceções de estudantes portugueses em formação inicial de professores sobre a evolução, a origem da vida e o ensino da evolução. Para tal, foi aplicado a 41 estudantes um inquérito adaptado a partir do questionário BIOHEAD-CITIZEN. Os resultados mostram que os estudantes possuem crenças religiosas diversificadas, sendo a maior parte deístas. Apresentam principalmente conceções evolucionistas, sendo raras as conceções criacionistas dogmáticas. As conceções evolucionistas são superiores à proporção encontrada em participantes de outros estudos e, tal outros trabalhos evidenciam, coabitam com diversas crenças religiosas. Contudo, as reflexões dos estudantes em formação inicial de professores sobre a perspetiva da origem das espécies que defendem, mostram falhas na compreensão dos mecanismos da evolução. Apesar das conceções evolucionistas serem dominantes, a maioria dos estudantes considera também que os professores devem ensinar a evolução e o criacionismo ao mesmo tempo, de modo deixar os alunos decidir sobre a posição que advogam sobre a origem das espécies. Dada a importância da evolução para a compreensão da natureza da ciência e os processos em Biologia, este trabalho evidencia a necessidade do reforço da formação sobre evolução dos futuros professores.
Industrial structure of short-term lending in 1928–1935: a quantitative analysis of archival materials of the State Bank of the USSR
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ablaev E.
Published: January 2021

The study deals with the transformation of the industrial lending practices in the USSR during the credit reform of the 1930s. The reform and its impact are analyzed using a set of archival and published sources. At the beginning of the reform, due to the imprecisely defined assets to be credited, there was a significant increase in short-term loans, which entailed additional money issue. This drawback caused new lending regulations. By continuous adapting the rules to the current situation, the State Bank was regulating the access of industries to borrowed resources.
What role did the Spanish flu play? Analysis of the death causes in Ekaterinburg 1917–1919
Authors:   Ural Federtal University.Ekaterinburg, Glavatskaya E. , Thorvaldsen Gunnar ,   Arctic University of Norway – Tromsoe University
Published: January 2021

The Spanish flu pandemic of 1917–1920 killed, according to some researchers, up to 100 million people while others estimate lower numbers such as 20 million victims. The reason for this uncertainty is that data for a number of countries, including Russia, are rather rough estimates based on mortality rates from other parts of the world. This study analyzes the causes of death in the population of Еkaterinburg during the period of the Spanish pandemic to determine likely signs of the spread of influenza. Databases on the causes of death registered in the city’s parish registers were used as a source
Sociocultural activities of the Russian business community of the XIX – beginning XX century in the context of quantitative history
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Kandaurova T.
Published: January 2021

The article presents the experience of analyzing the socio-cultural activities of the Russian business community using quantitative methods (building trend models based on the materials of dynamic series of annual reports) for the development of the Arnoldo-Tretyakov school, shows the contribution of entrepreneurs to the formation of funds for the development and construction of educational institutions, scholarship funds based on charitable practices.
Аircraft design schools as actors in the history of technology. On the example of the statistical analysis of the world aircraft construction school
Authors:   Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute, Moscow, Kuzmin Yu.
Published: January 2021

The design schools in airplane manufacturing are considered. For decades, these social structures retain their own features, manifesting in the specifics of the created airplanes. As a result, the variability in R&D intensity, measured as the frequency of new designs appearing, is much less than the variability in output. It is shown for the first time that variations in the distribution of R&D across countries are also much smaller than variations in output. This indicates the difficulty of creating design schools and the necessity to maintain them carefully.
Dynamics of USSR’s foreign financial operations in 1920: a case study of Garantie- und Kredit Bank für den Osten (Garkrebo) archive materials
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kharitonov I.
Published: January 2021

The paper analyses the international financial operations of the USSR in the 1920s via the case of interbank transactions of the Soviet foreign bank in Germany – the Garantie- und Kredit Bank für den Osten (Garkrebo). The study is based on quantitative data from the archival bank accounting reports. It reveals that the State Bank of the USSR was an initiator of the Soviet financial operations abroad. These operations were aimed to the American foreign currency market, particularly to support of Soviet currency (сhervonets) rate
Mathematical modeling of the hierarchical structure of the spatial distribution of the medieval rural population
Authors:   Russian State University for Humanities, Moscow, Shpirko S.
Published: January 2021

The subject of paper is the mathematical modeling of the spatial distribution of the medieval rural population. On the basis of the variational approach, two models of the hierarchy of centers are being developed, allowing with a high degree of reliability to identify the factors of the development of the settlement structure and to describe quantitatively the relationship between its most important parameters, such as density, population size and area.
Creation of the information system “Memorial plaques of Kaliningrad”: content analysis of the commemorative text
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Kolesnik M. , Baranova E. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the role of memorial plaques as commemorative signs in the creation of a single “city text” of Kaliningrad. Based on the American resource Open Plaques, the most complete database of memorial plaques in Kaliningrad has been created at the moment. In the course of the analysis of the obtained material, it was found that the boards created in Kaliningrad over the past decades differ from those established in the Soviet period in thematic and artistic performance, the size of the non-verbal component of the text. This is how the plaques associated with preserving the memory of the heroes of local wars and armed conflicts are installed. Often, on updated plaques, the non-verbal component becomes larger, and the verbal text is supplemented with more specific information
Rural everyday life on the pages of the newspaper «Kolkhoznaya Pravda» (1950–1961): the experience of content analysis
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Filev M.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the publications of the local newspaper "Kolkhoznaya Pravda" as part of a microhistorical study of the kolkhoz "Bolshevik" in the Kaliningrad region. The aim of the content analysis was to identify the content of newspaper articles, the main priorities and the degree of adequacy of the reflection of rural reality in comparison with other sources. The author concludes that the life of collective farmers presented on the pages of the newspaper had little in common with reality.
«The Governor's Corps under P.A. Stolypin: 1906–1911»: the first results of working with the database
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Lovtsov V.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the stages of creating a prosopographic database «The governor's corps under P.A. Stolypin: 1906–1911», its research potential and the first results of working with the database. The dynamics of the appointment of governors in European Russia under P.A. Stolypin is analyzed. It is concluded that most of the governors appointed under P.A. Stolypin took this post for the first time. The role of the vice-governor's office as a stage in the career of the governor under P.A. Stolypin is noted.
«Former people» in the social structure of a provincial city in 1917–1919: experience in creating and processing databases (based on materials from Tambov)
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Strekalova N. , Rakhmanov P. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: January 2021

The article considers the problems of regional peculiarities of social status and social trajectories caused by the revolutionary transformations in Russia, representatives of the former propertied strata of a provincial city in 1917-1919 on the micro level, based on mass personalized sources, through the prism of the destinies of specific people. The sources, structure and research potential of source-oriented databases are described.