bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inductance Characteristics of the Axial-Radial Hybrid Excitation
Motor with Fractional Slot Centralized Winding
Authors: Fu DongXue , Zhao Hewei , Wu Qimin , Yuan Chunwei , Wang Dong , Qiu Hongbo
Published: January 2025

The inductance parameter is important for the flux regulation performance of the
hybrid excitation motor, and the axial structure leads to the change in the
inductance parameter of the axial-radial hybrid excitation motor (ARHEM). To
clarify the inductance characteristic of the ARHEM with different winding
construction and the mutual coupling effect between the axial excitation and
permanent magnet excitation on the inductance. Firstly, the structure of the
ARHEM is presented. Secondly, the self and mutual inductance characteristics of
ARHEM are analyzed using the winding function method. Then, the influence of the
axial excitation structure on the armature reaction field and saliency ratio of
ARHEM. On this basis, the mechanism of the mutual coupling, between the axial
excitation and permanent magnet field under different excitation currents on the
main air gap magnetic field, and the inductance of ARHEM with fractional slot
are revealed.
Analysis of Influencing Factors in the Thermal Management System of
Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on CPCM under High Discharge
Rates
Authors: Lv Kang-Min , Su Chu-Qi , Wang Yi-Ping , Yuan Xiao-Hong , Liu Xun
Published: January 2025

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)
have been widely used in the automotive sector. The performance and safety of
LIBs in electric vehicles (EVs) are significantly influenced by operating
temperature, making the development of an effective battery thermal management
system (BTMS) crucial. In recent years, phase change material (PCM)-based BTMS
technology has been recognized as one of the most promising solutions. Compared
to traditional air and liquid cooling systems, PCM cooling technology exhibits
superior cooling performance due to its large latent heat and efficient heat
dissipation capabilities, while also eliminating the need for additional pump
power consumption. Therefore, in-depth research on PCM cooling technology is of
significant academic and practical value for enhancing the effectiveness and
safety of power battery thermal management. This study investigates the effects
of thermal conductivity, melting point, and thickness of composite phase change
materials (CPCM) on the transient temperature of cylindrical lithium-ion battery
18650 under high discharge rates (5C) through numerical simulations. The
findings indicate that: (1) The thermal conductivity significantly impacts the
melting rate of CPCM and the surface temperature of the battery; increasing
thermal conductivity beyond 3.5 W/(m·K) shows negligible improvement in cooling
effectiveness. (2) The selection of melting point directly affects the battery
temperature rise; CPCMs with lower melting points effectively prolong melting
time, maintaining the battery temperature close to the melting point. (3) The
thickness of CPCMs also significantly influences thermal management; in this
case, a thickness of 3-4 mm has been proven adequate to meet the thermal
regulation requirements of the battery under harsh conditions. This research
provides a theoretical basis for the application of CPCM in battery thermal
management.
Structure Design and Performance Enhancement of Automobile
Thermoelectric Generator System Integrated with a Spoiler
Authors: Chen Jie , Ding Renkai , Wang Ruochen , Liu Wei , Luo Ding
Published: January 2025

The thermoelectric generator system is regarded as an advanced technology for
recovering waste heat from automotive exhaust. To address the issue of uneven
temperature distribution within the heat exchanger that limits the output
performance of the system, this study designs a novel thermoelectric generation
system integrated with turbulence enhancers. This configuration aims to enhance
convective heat transfer at the rear end of the heat exchanger and improve
overall temperature uniformity. A multiphysics coupled model is established to
evaluate the impact of the turbulence enhancers on the system's temperature
distribution and electrical output, comparing its performance with that of
traditional systems. The findings indicate that the integration of turbulence
enhancers significantly increases the heat transfer rate and temperature
uniformity at the rear end of the heat exchanger. However, it also leads to an
increase in exhaust back pressure, which negatively affects system performance.
At lower exhaust flow velocities, the gains in output power attributable to the
turbulence enhancers considerably outweigh the increases in exhaust back
pressure. Specifically, under conditions of 550 K and 20 m/s, the output power,
net output power, and temperature uniformity coefficient increase by 39.2%,
33.6%, and 8.5%, respectively. As exhaust temperature rises, the gains from the
turbulence enhancers become even more pronounced. Nevertheless, under high flow
conditions, the rise in exhaust back pressure can potentially degrade the
system's net output performance. Therefore, it is recommended that exhaust flow
be appropriately diverted in practical applications to ensure optimal
performance. This research provides essential theoretical guidance for the
design and performance optimization of automotive thermoelectric generation
systems.
Fault Diagnosis of PEMFC Based on Fast EIS Measurement and Optimized
Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Ni Shengqi , Zhang Cunman , Zhu Yuan , Zhong Xiaolong
Published: January 2025

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is often used for fault diagnosis as
an important parameter to characterize the state of fuel cells. However, online
diagnosis requires high real-time performance and usually can only measure
single-frequency or dual-frequency impedance. Too few diagnostic features make
it difficult for traditional fault diagnosis methods based on EIS to ensure high
accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method based on fast
EIS measurement and an optimized random forest algorithm. Firstly, using a
multi-sine excitation signal to realize the simultaneous measurement of
multi-frequency impedance, provides more health status information in a single
measurement. To solve the problem of large signal peaks caused by the
superimposed signals, the phase is optimized by the genetic algorithm, which
reduces the crest factor of the excitation signal. Then, multi-frequency
impedance is used as a training feature for the random forest (RF) algorithm to
realize the diagnosis of flooding and drying faults. The particle swarm
optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the algorithm's hyperparameters
to improve the identification accuracy. Finally, experimental verification is
carried out based on the fault dataset of an automotive fuel cell, and the
results show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm can reach 99%, which is
better than other common methods.
Engineering Applications of Predictive Control Algorithms for Thermal
Management of Fuel Cell Systems
Authors: Yu Zhiyang , Ding Tianwei , Huang Xing , Wang Yupeng , Chen Guodong
Published: January 2025

The advancement of clean energy technology has resulted in the emergence of fuel
cells as an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device with
a diverse range of potential applications, including those in the fields of
transportation and power generation. Among the challenges facing fuel cell
technology, thermal management represents a significant technical hurdle. The
advancement of innovative thermal management methods and system design is
imperative to address issues such as high waste heat. In light of the above,
this paper presents a methodology for the application of fuel cell thermal
management predictive control algorithms in engineering, with a particular focus
on fuel cell engine systems that have been implemented in fuel cell cars. This
paper proposes a thermal management control method based on a model predictive
control algorithm for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems. The objective
of the methodology is to predict and adjust the thermal management strategy in
real time, in accordance with the operational status of the fuel cell and
environmental fluctuations. The study employed both bench tests and vehicle
tests for the purpose of analyzing the control effect. The results demonstrate
that the key technical indicators, including the temperature difference between
the stack inlet and outlet and the stack inlet temperature, are in alignment
with the system target requirements. The algorithm is capable of accurately
predicting the temperature trend and achieving more precise temperature control,
thereby markedly enhancing the efficiency and stability of the fuel cell.
Consequently, this algorithm offers novel insights and methodologies for
optimizing the fuel cell thermal management strategy and provides a new
framework for addressing the thermal management challenges of fuel cell
vehicles.
Construction of Multi-Scale Aging Indicators Based on the Aging
Mechanism of Fuel Cells
Authors: Lin Yipeng , Min Haitao , Sheng Xia , Zhang Zhaopu , Sun Weiyi
Published: January 2025

State of health (SOH) estimation is essential to ensure safety and reliability in
the operation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). The aging of fuel
cells results from the deterioration of multiple internal components, and the
aging degree of some key components even directly determines the end of cell
life. Due to the complexity of the internal reactions in fuel cell, many
internal parameters cannot be measured or recorded during aging tests. In
addition, external characteristics do not reflect the internal changes in the
cell. Therefore, establishing a multi-scale metric based on fuel cell components
is very important for fuel cell life research. During the aging process of a
fuel cell, the contributions of different components to the overall aging vary
significantly. Additionally, the allocation of indicator parameters presents a
challenge in multi-scale modeling. To address these issues, this paper proposes
a method to construct multi-scale indicators for fuel cells. Firstly, based on
the operational mechanisms of fuel cells, a 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) model of the fuel cell is developed using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 to
simulate the working environment of the fuel cell. In addition, based on
existing research, the aging mechanisms of various fuel cell components are
analyzed, and aging models are established. The aging of selected components is
then simulated in MATLAB R2023a based on the component aging mechanism model.
Moreover, a co-simulation platform based on COMSOL and MATLAB is established to
facilitate parameter interaction and iteration between the two models, thereby
obtaining the aging data of the cell. Finally, the data is analyzed to select
parameters and allocate coefficients for the multi-scale aging indicators. The
multi-scale aging indicator can provide an effective approach to characterizing
the aging state of fuel cells.
Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Thermal Management System for
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle
Authors: Jiang Qi , Xiong Shusheng , Wang Yupeng , Zhu Shaopeng , Chen Huipeng
Published: January 2025

An effective vehicle integrated thermal management system (ITMS) is critical for
the safe and efficient operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)
vehicles. This paper takes a fuel cell vehicle (FCV) as the research object,
comprehensively considers the vehicle layout environment and thermal management
requirements, and designs a complete thermal management system for FCV. The key
components are selected and designed to match the performance and the control
strategy of ITMS of fuel cell vehicle is developed. To do that, the ITMS model
is established based on the heating principle and heat transfer theory of each
key component. Then, the ITMS under Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test
Cycle (WLTC) operating conditions at different ambient temperatures are
simulated and analyzed by selecting indicators such as coolant flow rate and
temperature. Under the ambient temperature of 40°C, the temperature of PEMFC is
basically stable between 78 °C and 83°C, the coolant outlet temperature of the
electric drive system radiator is lower than 65°C, and the temperature of the
power battery and the crew compartment is maintained at about 25 °C and 23°C,
respectively. In addition, in order to improve the performance of the vehicle in
low temperature environment, the feasibility of waste heat recovery of the stack
is also simulated. The results show that the ITMS has sufficient cooling
capacity, and the temperature of key components remains stable under the
controlled requirements under different working conditions. In winter, the waste
heat generated by the stack can be used to heat the crew cabin. The proposed
thermal management system can provide some design ideas and modeling methods for
the future research and development of the thermal management system of fuel
cell vehicles.
A Two-Layer Fuzzy Control Energy Management Method for Hydrogen Fuel
Cell Heavy-Duty Trucks Considering Fuel Cell Health State
Authors: Hou Quan , Wang Han , Zhu Dan
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen fuel cell trucks have enormous development potential in the pursuit of
global carbon neutrality and sustainable development. However, their
commercialization and mass production are facing challenges in various aspects,
especially the durability problem of fuel cells. This paper is intended to set
up a high-power hydrogen fuel cell system (FCS) model, considering the fuel cell
degradation factors, and based on this, proposes a two-layer fuzzy energy
management strategy (EMS) to optimize the life of fuel cell and the total energy
consumption of the vehicle. The first control layer provides real-time energy
distribution efficiently from multiple sources and thus allows flexibility in
energy supply. The second layer regulates the dynamic adjustment of fuel cell
output power with degradation of both fuel cells and batteries considered, to
make the prolonging of system lifetime possible. In this respect, the equivalent
hydrogen consumption, which incorporates fuel cell degradation, is used as the
objective function. A genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the membership
functions and rule weights involved in the fuzzy control system, considering the
determination of the best energy management solution. Simulation results of a
115 kW fuel cell truck operating based on the China World Transient Vehicle
Cycle (C-WTVC) conditions show that the proposed strategy reduces fuel cell
degradation by 36.7% compared to that of traditional single-layer fuzzy control
methods under extreme operating conditions. These results clearly depict gains
in economic efficiency and sustainability of the system and hence indicate the
advantages of the two-layer control strategy.
Review on the Test Method of Water Electrolysis Hydrogen Production
System
Authors: Jiao Daokuan , Wang Xiaobing , Hao Dong
Published: January 2025

The development of hydrogen economy is an effective way to achieve peak carbon
emission and carbon neutralization. Therein, the green production of hydrogen is
a prerequisite to reach the goal of decarbonization. As an ideal route, water
electrolysis has triggered intense responses under the strong support from
policies, which further presenting a phenomenon of water electrolysis equipment
manufactures competing to enter the market. However, the extensive growth mode
is not conducive to a long term healthy development of the water electrolysis
hydrogen production market where products can be sold without requiring
compulsory inspection or quality inspection process due to the absence of laws
and test & evaluation standards. Considering the market status and
technology maturity, the main working principles and characteristics of alkaline
water electrolysis (AWE) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) hydrogen production
systems are summarized, and the test frameworks of the AWE and PEM hydrogen
production systems are mainly introduced. Combining the current technology and
market status of water electrolysis system, and referring to the progress of its
test & evaluation methods, this study analyzed the test & evaluation
methods of the whole product chains from material, single cell, stack, balance
of plant (BOP) to the system levels. At the same time, referring to the
progresses in the test & evaluation methods, relevant suggestions are given
for the establishment of test specifications and standards of water electrolysis
hydrogen production system in emerging technology countries. The present study
is significant to the improvement of water electrolysis technology and the
standardized development.
Optimization of A Stand-Alone Solar Photovoltaic Direct-Coupled
Alkaline Water Electrolysis Setup by Experiment Method and Simulink
Modeling
Authors: Geng Jiafeng , Su Di , Deng Tongkun , Mo Luotong , Li Haojie , Hu Lanwen , Guo Chenyu
Published: January 2025

Photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has garnered
significant attention due to its zero carbon emissions and its potential to
address the issue of grid fluctuations associated with solar power generation.
However, the direct coupling technology for photovoltaic electrolyzer system
remains underdeveloped, leading to the predominance of indirect coupling
methods. This limitation results in a low overall conversion efficiency, which
significantly hinders the application and promotion of this technology. In this
paper, we first constructed a set of miniaturized photovoltaic water
electrolysis devices, utilizing commercial photovoltaic modules and
self-manufactured electrolyzer, and subsequently tested the operational
characteristics of both components. Based on the experimental results, we
established a simulation model for direct coupling of photovoltaic water
electrolysis. This model incorporates the concept of supplying photovoltaic
power to the electrolytic cells through DC conversion via an MPPT controller.
This approach is deemed more operationally feasible compared to traditional
series-parallel adjustment methods for electrolytic cells. The experimental
findings also indicate that the series connection of electrolytic cells is
necessary, with the number of cells not being too small to avoid fluctuations.
In this paper, a configuration of six cells was selected as the final
optimization solution. Additionally, we tested the adaptability of the system
across a wide range of radiation intensities. The experimental results
demonstrate that the proposed solution and configuration can effectively adapt
to variations in radiation intensity.
Prediction of Combustion Characteristic Parameters of High Efficiency
and Low Emission Hydrogen-Enriched Compressed Natural Gas Engine Under
Closed-Loop Control
Authors: Duan Hao , Yan Yu , Ren Xianfeng , Yin Xiaojun , Wang Jinhua , Zeng Ke
Published: January 2025

Closed-loop combustion control is highly beneficial for improving the efficiency
and reducing the emissions of spark ignition internal combustion engines. In
this paper, the key parameter (CA50) of closed-loop combustion control and its
effect on the combustion and emissions were explored experimentally in a
six-cylinder hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) engine. Moreover,
the particle swarm optimization (PSO) back propagation neural network (BPNN)
algorithm improved by various hybrid strategies was employed for CA50
prediction. The experimental results reveal that CA50 has a significant impact
on the combustion characteristics and emissions of the HCNG engine. Meanwhile,
statistical analysis illustrates that CA50 follows a normal distribution and has
no self-correlation. Considering the one-to-one correspondence between CA50 and
the spark timing, it is suitable to select CA50 as the feedback parameter. The
simulation results indicate that the CA50 prediction model established by the
PSO-BPNN method has high prediction performance and excellent generalization
ability, with an average mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.25°CA and correlation
coefficient (R) of more than 0.997. To further enhance the
model’s performance, the PSO-BPNN models optimized by various hybrid strategies
were compared, concluding that the hybrid strategies can significantly improve
the convergence speed without sacrificing prediction accuracy. Among them, the
NaPSO-BPNN method has the fastest convergence speed, and its CPU running time is
73.02% less than that of the PSO-BPNN model.
Experimental Study on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a
Two-Stroke Engine applying PODE/Methanol Blends Direct Injection
Authors: Dong Pengbo , Sun Zhuohan , Wang Qingyang , Wang Yang , Cui Jingchen , Zhang Zhenxian , Long Wuqiang
Published: January 2025

In order to realize the Paris Agreement, which aims to strengthen the global
response to climate change, conventional internal combustion engines (ICE) need
to contribute to reducing carbon emissions and improving thermal efficiency.
More importantly, in the face of energy shortages, it is urgent to search for
sustainable fuels. Poly-oxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) and methanol are
both regard as important low-carbon, alternative fuels due to their high oxygen
content. Using PODE can overcome the characteristics of methanol as a
low-reactivity fuel with a low cetane number and poor ignition properties. In
this study, the combustion and emission characteristics of PODE/methanol blends
were investigated in a two-stroke direct injection engine. Firstly, the
performance of the engine under pure PODE (P100) and PODE/methanol blends (P50)
was compared. The results show that at BMEP of 0.31 MPa and injection timing of
-8°CA ATDE, P50 blends have lower CO2, CO, NOX and THC
emissions than P100 fuel. However, the start of combustion of P50 is delayed
slightly and ITE is lower than that of P100. Then, the effect of injection
timing on the performance of the P50 engine was investigated. With the delay of
fuel injection timing, NOX emissions decrease, but CO2,
CO, and THC emissions increase. Moreover, as the injection timing is delayed,
the engine COVIMEP was reduced and combustion stability was improved.
The engine indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) reaches its maximum value of
0.441MPa at -8°CA ATDC and decreases as injection timing is delayed. However,
the indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) decreases with the delay of injection
timing, reaching a maximum of 41.8% at -8°CA ATDC. This study provides a
theoretical foundation for adopting PODE/methanol blends in diesel engines,
highlighting their potential to reduce conventional emissions while maintaining
operational feasibility. Further research on varying methanol ratios and load
conditions is recommended.
Analysis of Injection Characteristics and Structural Reliability of
Marine Methanol Fuel Injectors
Authors: Yang Li , Wen Liming , Zhang Hanwen , Lu Gangao , Dong Weijie
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, the energy transition is at the most critical moment. In order to
achieve the emission reduction target of ships, a form of boosting piston inside
methanol fuel injector has been carried out. The physical property fluctuations
and phase change of methanol under high pressure have been considered in the
design phase. 1D-3D coupling method is used to comprehensively evaluate the
performace of the injector. To this end, an Amesim simulation model is
established to systematically study and analyze the injection characteristics.
The injection performance of the injector under four typical loads are
calculated, which is evaluated from the perspectives of injection quantity,
injection duration, valve response, and leakage of boost components. In the
nozzle block, the cavitation intensity of methanol is stronger than that of
diesel. To reduce the possibility of cavitation erosion, as a consequence, a CFD
model is established to optimize the structure of nozzle components. By adding
rounded corners at the inlet of the nozzle to weaken cavitation intensity and
improve injection stability. Furthermore, the mass flow rate of optimized nozzle
can be improved by at least 30%. The equivalent stress and deformation of the
nozzle and needle valve body under alternating thermal stress are calculated to
ensure that they meet the design requirements(<1600MPa). The safety factor of
fatigue also meets the requirements(>1.1). Through the complete design and
simulation work, we can break through the problem of insufficient technical
reserves of marine methanol injectors in China and assist in the development of
low-carbon engines for self-owned brand.
Assessing mineral potential of the Riruwai Complex, Nigeria, using gamma-ray spectrometry: Implications for mineral exploration and development
Authors: Olasehinde A. , Tabale R.P , Barka J. , Yusuf A. , Mboringong M.N , Usman M.B , Bute S.I , Ogunmola J.K
Published: January 2025

Nigeria's aspiration to develop a competitive mineral sector that generates wealth and enhances social and human security can be realized through the effective discovery of more mineral resources. This study assesses the mineral potential of the Riruwai Complex using gamma-ray spectrometry data. The findings illustrate the effectiveness of gamma-ray spectrometric signatures in identifying changes linked to hydrothermal Nb-Ta-Sn mineralization, uncovering distinct spectral patterns of radioelement zoning that align with mineralogical variations within the granitic pluton. Reductions in K/Th and K/U ratios point to alterations in the granitoid plutons, ranging from aegirine arfvedsonite granite to albite arfvedsonite granite and biotite granite, which display more extensive alteration. This alteration results from the breakdown of potash feldspar and the depletion of radioelements during the late stages of magmatic differentiation, when highly felsic granites with potentially high concentrations of Sn, Nb, U, and Zn are emplaced. This study underscores gamma-ray spectrometry as a valuable tool in mineral exploration, with potential application in areas of similar geological settings with unknown mineralization. It will contribute to Nigeria's mineral database and support the country's progress toward domestic industrialization and a stronger position in the global market.
A correlation study of management development practice and construction firms’ performance: A conceptual review
Authors: Almustapha Tukur , Alhaji Musa Aminu , Muhammad Marafa
Published: January 2025

Human assets are the soul of any service organization; this is more pertinent in changing work environments like construction firms’ (CFs’). Among the human resources in CFs’, construction managers are rated as the most fundamental. This is because success of CFs’ performance largely depends on the quality of their construction managers. Despite their importance, there is inadequate literature that explores the relationship between management development practice and construction firm performance. The purpose of the study is to establish a relationship between management development practice and construction firm performance through a literature search. Therefore, the study concluded that there is an existing relationship between management development practice and construction firms' performance. Similar to the attention given to profit-making, the study recommended that construction firms should invest more in developing the competence of their construction managers due to their essential role in managing other resources.
The effect of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract on the histology of the spinal cord of albino rat fetuses
Authors: Okwoli Apochi Obed , Eluwa Mokutima Amarachi , Paul Mshelia Philemon , Maral Priyaranjan
Published: January 2025

Jatropha tanjorensis J.L.Ellis & Saroj is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine across Africa, Asia, and Latin America to treat various ailments. However, the safety profile of its use during pregnancy is inadequate. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract on the histology of the spinal cord of albino rat fetus. Fifteen pregnant albino Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: Group A (control) received normal feed, Group B received 1000 mg/kg of the aqueous leaf extract, and Group C received 1500 mg/kg of the extract. The extract was administered on days 7- 11 of gestation. On day 20, the rats were sacrificed and the foetal spinal cords were examined histologically. The control group showed normal spinal cord architecture. Group B fetus showed a moderately enlarged central canal occluded with blood, smaller myelin sheath, and sparse nerve fibers. Group C fetus exhibited a remarkably enlarged central canal, well-stained intermediate zone nuclei, smaller myelin sheath, and sparse marginal zone nerve fibers. The results suggested that the aqueous extract of Jatropha tanjorensis has teratogenic effects on the developing spinal cord of rat fetus, with more pronounced effects at the higher dose. This indicates the extract can cross the placental barrier and negatively impact foetal spinal cord development.
A Review of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Yenagoa, Nigeria
Authors: Ozigbo Chinelo J , Tunde-Oremosu Immaculata I , Idholo Urire
Published: January 2025

Background: Audit of facility-based morbidity and mortality patterns helps to improve the quality of care.
Objective: To audit and establish baseline data on neonatal morbidity and mortality patterns in a Tertiary Facility in southern Nigeria.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa. The hospital records of babies admitted during the three years under review were retrieved for statistical analysis.
Results: Of the 409 records available for review, there were 236 (57.7%) males and 173 (42.3%) females. There were 177 (43.3%) in-born babies and 232 (56.7%) out-born babies, with 239 (58.4%) preterm babies and 156 (38.1%) having≥ 37 completed weeks of gestation. Neonatal sepsis was the commonest morbidity in 104 (25.4%) babies, followed by perinatal asphyxia in 93 (22.7%). Perinatal asphyxia was the commonest cause of mortality, with 48 (32.7%) deaths and 34 (23.1%) in neonatal sepsis. Two hundred and sixty-two babies (64.1%) were discharged home, while 147 (35.9%) died.
Conclusion: The facility-based neonatal mortality rate of 35.9% is unacceptably high. Neonatal sepsis and perinatal asphyxia were the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in this facility. Therefore, the level of preparedness to manage these conditions must be optimised.
Chronic Encapsulated Intracerebral Haematoma in a Two-Month-Old Infant Following Forceps-Assisted Delivery: A Case Report
Authors: Obirija Samson E , Rasheed Mumini W , Okonkwo Juliet E
Published: January 2025

Chronic encapsulated intracerebral haematoma is a rare form of intracerebral haematoma that grows progressively. It is usually laden with diagnostic challenges, and only a few cases have been diagnosed preoperatively. This report is about an eight-week-old male infant who presented with a history of fever, excessive crying, multiple seizure episodes and loss of consciousness. He was delivered with forceps assistance. Transfontanelle ultrasonography showed an oval encapsulated hyperechoic mass in the left frontal lobe, associated compression of the adjacent limb of the anterior ventricle, and mild intraventricular hyperechoic collection. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a well-defined encapsulated mass in the left frontal lobe extending and compressing on the adjacent lateral ventricles with a significant midline shift to the contralateral side. Thus, a diagnosis of encapsulated intracerebral haematoma was made. The infant had a craniotomy, and the lesion was excised en bloc. The histological analysis was consistent with blood clots. This case report highlights one of the possible complications of forceps-assisted delivery. A comprehensive history and thorough clinical examination with a multidisciplinary approach should be constituted for prompt and appropriate treatment.
Czy koniec wielkiej ucieczki z peryferii? O/polska młodzież wobec migracji i rynku pracy w przeszłości i obecnie
Authors: Jończy Romuald
Published: January 2025

Artykuł koncentruje się na zmianach, jakie w ostatnich dwudziestu latach dokonały się w zakresie drenażu ludności, zwłaszcza młodzieży z niemetropolitalnych obszarów kraju. zostały w nim przedstawione główne czynniki determinujące te przemiany: zmiany demograficzne, zmiany dokonujące się na rynku pracy (w tym zmiany strukturalne) jak również zmiany w stylu życia i systemach wartości młodzieży z wyeksponowaniem pokolenia Z. Analizę przeprowadzono w kontekście problemu narastania różnic rozwojowych pomiędzy metropolitalnymi ośrodkami kraju a jego resztą. Wskazano również na impulsy i przemiany ograniczające eksodus młodzieży z peryferii takie jak rozgęszczenie rynku pracy, sytuację na rynku mieszkaniowym, możliwość zdalnych form aktywności oraz zmiany w preferencjach i systemach wartości młodzieży. Wykorzystano w tym celu wyniki badań prowadzonych przez autora (lub przy jego współudziale) w województwach opolskim i dolnośląskim oraz na innych obszarach Polski.
Intergenerational Examination of the Vocational Professional Values and Motivatıons of Midwiwes
Authors: Demir Rukiye
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of intergenerational examination of the professional values and motivations of midwives.
Method: The research was conducted in descriptive/cross-sectional type between February and July 2023. The population of the study consisted of midwives working as midwives in Turkey, and the sample consisted of 180 midwives. The data were collected online with the “Descriptive Information Form, Professional Values Scale for Midwives and Job Motivation Scale”.
Results: The total score of the Professional Values Scale for Midwives (133.93±15.40; 121.16±5.36 and 126.61±16.41, respectively) and all sub-scores of the midwives in the Y generation participating in the study were higher than the Baby Boomers and X generations; again, it was determined that the total score of the Y generation midwives on the Job Motivation Scale (3.55±0.25; 3.09±8.52 and 3.20±0.75) and all sub-score averages were higher than the Baby Boomers and X generations, and these intergenerational differences were statistically significant (p
Examining The Factors Affecting Women's Family Planning Attitudes and Perceived Barriers to Contraception Methods
Authors: Aslıyüksek Canan , Yanıkkerem Emre
Published: January 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the factors affecting women's attitudes towards family planning and their perceived barriers to contraception methods.
Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in a university hospital in Bursa with 382 women between October 2018 and October 2019. Data were collected with the Family Planning Attitude Scale and the Perception Scale of Barriers to Contraceptive Use.
Results: The mean total scores of the Family Planning Attitude Scale and the Perception Scale of Barriers to Contraceptive Use were determined to be 115.4±39.7 and 78.1±41.7, respectively. The mean total score of the Family Planning Attitude Scale was found to be statistically significantly high in women lower who were 33 years of age or younger, married, graduated from high school or above, had a nuclear family, had a high-income level, lived in the city center, were aware of and used birth control methods, received counseling about birth control methods, and had a planned pregnancy. The total mean score of the Perception Scale of Barriers to Contraceptive Use was statistically significantly lower in these women (p
Ebelik ve Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri ile Flört Şiddetine Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Akkaya Büşra , Ertekin Pınar Şükran
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Araştırmada ebelik ve hemşirelik öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ile flört şiddetine yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırmanın örneklemini bir devlet üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Ebelik (n=171) ve Hemşirelik (n=147) Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören 318 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler Google form üzerinden Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği (TCRTÖ) ve Flört Şiddeti Tutum Ölçeği (FŞTÖ) ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin bölümlerine göre TCRTÖ alt boyutlarından geleneksel cinsiyet rolü (p
Çiğ, Filizlenmiş ve Pişmiş Yemeklik Tane Baklagillerde Kadmiyum ve Kurşun Miktarının Tayini
Authors: Kundakçı Simay , Kara Gizem , Acar Sertaç , Çelik Zehra Margot
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yemeklik tane baklagil türlerine (yeşil mercimek, nohut ve kuru fasulye) filizlendirme işlemi uygulanarak kadmiyum ve kurşun ağır metallerinin miktarını belirlemek ve aynı baklagillerin çiğ ve pişmiş formlarının ağır metal içerikleri ile karşılaştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Baklagil türleri üç farklı şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Çiğ numunelere herhangi bir işlem uygulanmayıp pişmiş numuneler için ıslatılan baklagiller düdüklü tencerede 1:2 oranında su eklenerek pişirilmiştir. Filizlendirme için ıslatılan baklagiller hava almasını sağlayacak şekilde tek sıra halinde, aralarında boşluk bırakılarak filizlendirme raflarına dizilmiş ve 3 gün sulanarak 5. günde hasat edilmiştir. Elde edilen numunelerin kadmiyum ve kurşun analizleri NMKL No:186 metoduna göre kütle spektrometresi (ICP-MS) kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çiğ, filizlenmiş ve pişmiş kuru baklagil numunelerinde kadmiyum saptanmamıştır. Çiğ kuru fasulye numunesinde 0.298 ± 0.086 mg/kg; çiğ nohut numunesinde ise 0.615 ± 0.178 mg/kg kurşun tespit edilirken yeşil mercimekte kurşun saptanmamıştır. Filizlendirme ve pişirme işlemleri sonucunda bu numunelerde de kurşun tespit edilmemiştir.
Sonuç: Çiğ baklagillere uygulanan filizlendirme işlemi, kurşun miktarını azaltmıştır. Filiz baklagillerin sürdürülebilirlik açısından güvenilir olduğu ve sağlıklı beslenme programlarında kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ancak baklagillerin işlenmesinin ağır metallerin uzaklaştırılması açısından yetersiz kalabileceği göz önünde bulundurularak daha fazla çalışma yapılması önerilmektedir.
Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü Uygulama Ünitesi Öğrenci Memnuniyetinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Günaydın Gürkan , Büyüköztürk Karul Aslıhan , Karabıçak Gül Öznur , Günaydın Özge Ece , Aykar Sercan , Söyler Ayşe Kübra , Gökkurt Ahmet , Saygılı Fettah , Taşpınar Ayten , Çoban Ayden
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Günümüzde fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon eğitimi veren okulların sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Bu hızlı artışa karşın öğrencilere pratik uygulamalar esnasında verilen eğitim ve bu eğitimin verildiği ortamın fiziki ve teknik kapasitesi sorun haline dönüşmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmanın amacı yeni oluşturulan uygulama ünitesinin öğrenci memnuniyetine olan etkisini belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya 153 fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon öğrencisi katılmıştır. Öğrencilerin memnuniyet düzeyleri eski ve yeni laboratuvar açısından memnuniyet anketi aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Analizler için McNemar testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin memnuniyet düzeyleri oransal olarak incelendiğinde birçok parametre açısından yeni laboratuvar için daha yüksek düzeyde bulunmuştur (p
Comparative Study That Evaluates the Effectiveness of Intradermotherapy with 0.5% Minoxidil Versus Topical Application of 5% Monoxidil Solution in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Rebellato Priscila Regina Orso
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common cause of hair loss, progressively affecting both men and women and causing great impact on quality of life. Among many possible treatments, intradermotherapy is a promising and controversial procedure, with few studies in the literature so far.

Objectives: Comparatively evaluate the efficacy of intradermotherapy with a 5% minoxidil solution in patients with androgenetic alopecia.

Methods: Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1, with 13 participants, went through 10 sessions of intradermotherapy with 7 day intervals between each one. Group 2, with 11 participants, applied 1 ml of a topical minoxidil 5% solution on dry scalp twice a day throughout this study. All patients were evaluated with clinical and trichoscopic pictures taken before and after 12 weeks of treatment.

Results: Most patients in both groups perceived improved capillary density and thickness of hair strands, and reduced hair loss, without statistical difference between group 1 and 2. Trichoscopic evaluation performed by specialists did not find statistical difference between the groups.

Conclusion: The results of intradermotherapy with minoxidil are similar to the results of topical application of the same substance.
Penetrating Stab-Wound Injury of the Thoracic Spinal Cord Without Neurological Deficits: A Case Report
Authors: Çetin Eyüp
Published: January 2025

Penetrating Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a rare form of traumatic injury to the spine, leading to serious effects on long-term morbidity and mortality. These injuries are mostly accompanied by neurological deficits. The benefit of surgical approach versus nonsurgical management of penetrating SCIs is a debated topic. Surgical approach must be done for progressive neurologic deficits or prolonged cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Penetrating SCIs have been shown to have devastating effects on morbidity and mortality. In this report, we present a patient who interestingly did not develop neurological deficits despite the transverse penetration of the spinal canal from posterior to anterior in the thoracic region. No case of thoracic spinal transverse injury has been reported in the literature.
Juridical Analysis of The Crime of Theft Committed Jointly by Members of The TNI
Authors: Gea Alex Sokhian , Sihotang Lesson , Sinaga Jusnizar
Published: January 2025

The criminal act of theft of livestock causes material losses and has an impact on the social and economic life of farmers. This research aims to determine the enforcement of applicable laws in Indonesia in handling cases of livestock theft committed by members of the TNI and to find out the sanctions that will be imposed by military courts on members of the TNI who commit livestock theft in order to provide a deterrent effect and prevent similar crimes from occurring in the future, as well as its impact on the image of the TNI. The research method used in this research is a normative legal approach, namely a way of researching a problem in depth by collecting library data and analyzing it by concluding. The data analysis used is descriptive data analysis, applying qualitative data, where this research uses materials in the form of statutory regulations and a collection of court decisions as well as materials in the form of book journals to explain the research. The results of this research explain the criminal act of theft committed jointly by members of the TNI as regulated in Article 363 paragraph (1) 1 jo. Article 55 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and Article 126 of the Criminal Code
Assessment on HIV Testing Among Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients at the National Hospital for Respiratory Diseases (NHRD) in Welisara, Sri Lanka during the first quarter of 2024
Authors:   Medical Officer in Venereology, National Hospital for Respiratory Diseases – Welisara, Sri Lanka., W.D.O. Wasana , N. Gandharupan ,   Deputy Director, National Hospital for Respiratory Diseases – Welisara, Sri Lanka., G.K.P. Darshana ,   Medical officer in Public Health, National Hospital for Respiratory Diseases – Welisara, Sri Lanka., K.M.N.S.B. Kulathunge ,   Registrar in Venerology, Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, Srilanka.
Published: January 2025

This study was aimed to assess and review the current practice of screening of HIV in TB patients within NHRD Welisara hospital against the recommended standard practice by the National Guideline and the cross-sectional study was conducted on newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients. Simple random sampling was used to collect data from a sample size of 163, with retrospective data gathered from patient ward records. Data quality was enhanced by reviewing clinic and laboratory records, and a secure Excel spreadsheet was maintained for data management.

Results: Data indicated that 12.3% (n=20) lacked documentation for HIV testing. Of the 143 patients tested, only 43.4% (n=62) were tested while in the ward; others were tested at follow-up clinics. The average time from TB confirmation to HIV testing was 4.8 days (range: 0 to 36 days). Though average post-TB diagnosis hospital stay was 20.9 days (range: 0 to 129 days) for HIV tested patients, those without HIV testing had an average stay of 12 days (range: 0 to 40 days).

The primary reason for not undergoing HIV testing was patient transfer, but with an average ward stay of 14.6 days post-TB diagnosis. Other factors included patient death, disappearance, or leaving against medical advice. Notably, four patients were discharged without HIV testing, having stayed 3 to 11 days post-TB diagnosis. Most patients (51.7%, n=74) were tested at the NHRD laboratory, while 39.9% (n=57) were tested at an STD clinic, and only 5.6% underwent RDTs in the ward.

Conclusion: Those without HIV testing had prolonged hospital stays, suggesting missed opportunities. Underutilization of RDTs by ward staff needs attention. Incorporating HIV test results into the discharge checklist may prevent these oversights. Therefore, findings will be presented to the director-NHRD aiming to initiate a discussion and create an audit cycle.
Reflection Survey on Krupskaya's Pedagogical Contributions to TVET or The Politically-driven Deliberate Marginalization in Education: An Attempt of Rehabilitation
Authors:   Sofia university- Bulgaria, Faculty of Pedagogy ORCID: 0009-0008-0863-1516, Vasilev Iliyan
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the significant yet frequently studiously overlooked contributions of Nadezhda Krupskaya to vocational education and training (VET), emphasizing the troubling trend of her deliberate marginalization and underestimation within contemporary educational discourse. Despite her groundbreaking principles that advocate for the seamless integration of practical experience with theoretical knowledge, Krupskaya’s innovative ideas have often been rebranded and repackaged in modern meretricious educational frameworks, stripped of their original context and significance. Her pioneering emphasis on polytechnic education, which engenders a holistic approach to learning that connects academic study with real-world labour activities, has been co-opted by various educational incondite reforms, presented as novel concepts while neglecting their roots in her foundational work. Her advocacy for experiential learning and the cultivation of technical creativity has laid the groundwork for many current pedagogical practices, yet these contributions are frequently unrecognized, leading to a historical amnesia regarding her influence. This study seeks to reclaim Krupskaya’s legacy, firmly asserting that her innovative methodologies and educational philosophies are not only essential to understanding the evolution of VET but also critical in addressing contemporary educational challenges in general. By illuminating the profound impact of her prolific ideas, this paper calls for a re-evaluation of Krupskaya’s role in the history of educational thought, advocating for the recognition and celebration of her contributions as vital to the ongoing discourse on inclusive and equitable education. In doing so, it highlights exhortatively the necessity of acknowledging the origins of educational innovations that have been unjustly appropriated, ensuring that Krupskaya’s rightful place in the annals of pedagogical history is restored and honoured.