bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter-relationship between intrauterine dentistry and dentistry for babies: a literature review
Authors: Cazuza João Augusto , Takahashi Karine
Published: April 2019

INTRODUCTION: Currently, intrauterine dentistry is a highly relevant topic, as its preventive measures can avoid several diseases, such as dental caries. Pregnancy is the ideal time for preventive and educational health measures to be put into practice, since future mothers are more receptive to changes and avid for knowledges that ensure the well-being of their baby.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to carry out a systematized review in a database regarding the interrelationship between the oral health care of the pregnant women and the development of healthy habits for babies.METHODS: An exploratory bibliographic research was performed in books and databases through an online search in the literature. It was carried out a non-systematic review in the period between 1981 and 2015, in which the databases were LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, PUBMED and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), using as descriptors: intrauterine dentistry; dentistry for babies; dental cavity; prevention; infants; prenatal dentistry; behavior; habits; pregnant women. It was also consulted textbooks and periodicals available in the library at Campus I of University of Western São Paulo.CONCLUSION: It was concluded that dental care for pregnant woman is important for the development of good habits in children, where the level of mothers’ knowledge about oral health will influence the prevalence of caries in their children.
Epidemiological study of lesions of the maxillofacial complex diagnosed by UNIME histopathology laboratory, Lauro de Freitas, Bahia
Authors: Da Silva Andressa Chang Rodrigues Fernandes , Cardoso Juliana Andrade , Pereira Manoela Carrera Martinez Cavalcante , Bandeira Isabela
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological studies have great importance for oral health as they show the prevalence of various diseases in their respective environments, in addition to being able to characterize a given population. The objective of this work is to identify the prevalence of oral lesions in dental clinics of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Health of the Metropolitan Union of Education and Culture (UNIME – Lauro de Freitas) in order to characterize the epidemiological profile of this population.METHODS: The sample was composed by 434 histopathological reports of oral lesions diagnosed from 2003 to 2014, correlating them with the following variables: sex, age, type of biopsy (incisional/excisional), histopathologic diagnosis, clinical suspicion and anatomical location.REULTS: The epidemiological profile of patients affected by oral diseases had high percentage of females (62.9%), with mean age of 39 years, and the most prevalent type of biopsy was the excisional (72.81%). The data showed non-neoplastic proliferative processes as the most prevalent group of lesions (24.2%), followed by odontogenic cysts (17.5%). Lesions were most often presented in the mandible (19.6%), followed by periapex (18.89%), gum (11.75%) and jugal mucosa (9.45%).CONCLUSION: The non-neoplastic proliferative processes can be prevented with simple measures of oral health.
PREDATION OF YELLOW-BILLED HORNBILL ON ADULT SOUTHERN GREY-HEADED SPARROW
Authors: De Castro Julio , Castro Lola , De Castro Mabel , Rijnders Frank
Published: April 2019

The article describes a predation incident of a yellow-billed hornbill on an adult southern grey-headed sparrow that took place at the Mabuasehube area of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, Botswana.
Water, birds, and biodiversity - key elements of education
Authors: Fincham John Edward , Mbewu Skhumbuzo , Hobbs Jo
Published: April 2019

Given the reality of the water crisis in the Western Cape (WC), especially in the City of Cape Town and the satellite towns, a unique opportunity exists to use the combination of the Paarl Bird Sanctuary and the Drakenstein Waste Water Treatment Works (PBS/WWTW) for education about water and related facts. Severe drought is not the only reason for the shortage of fresh water. It is likely that the water requirements of the burgeoning human population of the province, together with the need to use water to irrigate food crops, now exceed the water resources of the WC, despite the storage created in dams. An associated fact is that in the WC a large proportion of employed people work in Agriculture, both directly and indirectly. So any cut in water for irrigation, would increase unemployment and intensify poverty, which are already huge problems. The overall predicament has /country-wide, and even global implications, emphasising the need for water-related education.
OdonataMAP: Progress report on the Atlas of the Dragonflies and Damselflies of Africa: 2016/17 and 2017/18
Authors: Underhill Les , Loftie-Eaton Megan , Navarro Rene
Published: April 2019

This paper reports progress with OdonataMAP, the Atlas of Dragonflies and Damselflies of Africa, for the two-year period 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2018. During the two-year review period, the database for the project grew by 30,423 records to 52,257, starting from 22,809 records collected between 2010 and June 2016. Submissions were made from 25 African countries. In six of the nine provinces of South Africa, the number of OdonataMAP records for the province more than doubled. The provinces in which the number of records were not doubled were Gauteng (44% of records made during reporting period), Free State and North West (both 46%). Five observers contributed more than 1000 records over the two-year period, and a further 10 between 500 and 999 records. The total number of observers for the two-year period was 529, compared with 295 in the 2010–16 period. One of the important success of OdonataMAP during the review period was to increase the number of observers, and to reduce the project’s dependence on a small number of citizen scientists.
Análise da situação de saúde no ensino médio: metodologia
Authors: Gomes Keila Rejane Oliveira , Miranda Cássio Eduardo Soares , Frota Karoline De Macêdo Gonçalves , Rodrigues Malvina Thaís Pacheco , Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros , Araújo Regilda Saraiva dos Reis Moreira , Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista
Published: April 2019

Justificativa e Objetivos: Em tempos de escassez de financiamento para pesquisas no Brasil, o estudo transversal ganha importância por suas vantagens. O objetivo é analisar o delineamento de estudo sobre a situação de saúde de estudantes do ensino médio e analisar o currículo escolar quanto à abordagem de promoção de saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 24 escolas de Teresina-PI, das quais 12 públicas e 12 particulares. Os dados foram coletados no primeiro semestre de 2016 de 674 estudantes e 281 professores e dos projetos políticos pedagógicos das escolas. O município foi dividido em quatro áreas geográficas para distribuição das escolas elegíveis ao estudo, que foram organizadas em três portes, de modo a evitar aglomeração da amostra numa mesma área e porte. Seis escolas foram sorteadas para cada área, com uma de cada porte e tipo de gestão (pública e particular). Os dados de alunos e docentes foram coletados por questionários pré-testados. Também foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e de pressão arterial, colheita de sangue periférico e digital dos alunos. Resultados: Após recusa de 11 (1,61%) alunos, 434 alunos de escolas públicas e 240 de escolas particulares participaram do estudo; e 281 docentes. Conclusão: O delineamento transversal e as estratégias utilizadas se mostraram adequadas, gerando dados que permitirão o conhecimento de vários aspectos da situação de saúde de estudantes do ensino médio e da abordagem curricular sobre promoção da saúde nesse nível de ensino.

Descritores: Saúde escolar. Estudos transversais. Estudos epidemiológicos.
Euplotes crassus GFP-neo artificial nanochromosomes sequence v1
Authors: Piersanti Angela , Cesaroni Rachele
Published: April 2019

Euplotes crassus GFP-neo artificial nanochromosomes
El retrato mitológico: diosas, ninfas y bacantes en la sociedad del siglo XVIII
Authors: Martín de Vidales García María
Published: April 2019

RESUMENMuchos hemos sentido alguna vez la necesidad de fotografiarnos delante de un monumento conocido cuando hemos realizado un viaje, fenómeno similar se produjo a lo largo del siglo XVIII. Los artistas fueron testigos de la demanda que existía, por parte de las altas clases sociales, de poseer un retrato en el que se reflejase el mundo de la Antigüedad. Primordialmente en el ámbito femenino, se pintaron retratos caracterizados por representar al modelo bajo la apariencia de un personaje de la mitología clásica. Este novedoso género pictórico se desarrolló acorde a los nuevos parámetros del Neoclasicismo y acompañado por la difusión de las ideas ilustradas que tanto estaban influenciando al contexto europeo. De esta forma, se generaron nuevos esquemas iconográficos que contribuyeron a la riqueza de las representaciones mitológicas.PALABRAS CLAVEMitología, iconografía, Grand Tour, Antigüedad, retrato, Neoclasicismo. TITLEMythological portrait: goddesses, nymphs and bacchantes in the 18th century’s societyABSTRACTSome of us have had sometimes the necessity of being photographed in front of a famous monument when we are travelling, something like that happened in the 18th century. Artists were witnesses of the upper classes’ demands that existed at that time. They would like to have their portrait done in which they would appear as a mythological character. This new painting genre was developed according to new neoclassicism factors and the Enlightenment ideas. Thus, new iconographical diagrams were created that added richness to the mythological representations.KEY WORDSMythology, iconography, Grand Tour, Antiquity, portrait, Neoclassicism.
Manuscritos dieciochescos desconocidos del Fondo Altamira en la Biblioteca de Ginebra
Authors: Checa Beltrán José , Madroñal Durán Abraham
Published: April 2019

RESUMENEn la «Collection Favre» de la Bibliothèque de Genève se custodia el «Fondo Altamira», 83 códices con unos diez mil documentos históricos y literarios, casi todos manuscritos. Contienen textos de los siglos XV al XVIII. Constituyen una pequeña parte del enorme fondo documental que en el siglo XIX pertenecía a los Condes de Altamira. Cuatro de esos 83 volúmenes contienen manuscritos literarios del Siglo de Oro y, sobre todo, del siglo ilustrado. Los autores de este artículo ofrecen aquí un catálogo de todos esos textos, centrando su atención en los relativos al siglo XVIII. La mayor parte de este inventario corresponde a manuscritos desconocidos e inéditos: diez comedias y un gran número de composiciones poéticas de temática variada, amorosa, sátira política, religiosa, temas festivos, eventos, milagros, villancicos, sobre teatro y actores, etc.PALABRAS CLAVELiteratura del siglo XVIII español, manuscritos literarios inéditos del siglo XVIII español, Fondo Altamira, Biblioteca de Ginebra, Collection Favre. TITLEUnknown eighteenth-century manuscripts from the Altamira Archives at Geneva LibraryABSTRACTIn the «Collection Favre» of the Bibliothèque de Genève the «Fondo Altamira» is guarded, 83 codices with some ten thousand historical and literary documents, almost all manuscripts. They contain texts from the 15th to the 18th centuries. They constitute a small part of the enormous documentary collection that belonged to the Counts of Altamira in the 19th century. Four of those 83 volumes contain literary manuscripts of the Golden Age and, above all, the Enlightenment century. The authors of this article offer a catalogue of all these texts, with a particular focus on those related to the XVIII Century. Most of this inventory corresponds to unknown and unpublished manuscripts: ten comedies and a large number of poetic compositions of varied theme, love, political satire, religious, festive themes, events, miracles, Christmas carols, theater and actors, etc.KEY WORDSLiterature of the eighteenth century Spanish, unpublished literary manuscripts of the eighteenth century Spanish, Altamira Archives, Geneva Library, Collection Favre.
Ilustración y nuevo humanismo en la España dieciochesca
Authors: Deacon Philip
Published: April 2019

RESUMENEn "The Enlightenment: History of an Idea" el historiador italiano Vincenzo Ferrone reivindica lo que llama el nuevo humanismo del siglo XVIII, componente significativo, en su opinión, de la mentalidad ilustrada. Este trabajo considera el humanismo español dieciochesco dentro de una mentalidad ilustrada, partiendo del principio fundamental de la dignidad e importancia de cada ser humano. Explora el significado de la palabra ‘humanidad’ en los textos de varios autores —Foronda, Jovellanos, Meléndez Valdés, "El Censor" y otros— en que aluden a comportamientos humanistas, y a continuación subraya el empleo de la palabra humanidad en "El delincuente honrado" de Jovellanos, drama que cuestiona el sistema judicial español del siglo XVIII. Finalmente analiza la comedia de Comella "Federico segundo en Glatz o la humanidad" en que el dramaturgo presenta aspectos del sistema judicial de Prusia, examinando la práctica de la tortura y su abolición por el rey.PALABRAS CLAVEIlustración, humanismo, Jovellanos, Comella, sistema judicial, tortura. TITLEEnlightenment and the new humanism in eighteenth-century SpainABSTRACTIn "The Enlightenment: History of an Idea" the cultural historian Vincenzo Ferrone identifies humanism as a major component of Enlightenment thought. The present study focuses on characteristics of this new humanism in eighteenth-century Spanish discourse. Its starting point is the principle of humanism which affirms the dignity of human behaviour, seeing it as a motivating and guiding force in society. It explores the significance of the word ‘humanity’ in texts of various authors —Foronda, Jovellanos, Meléndez Valdés, "El Censor" and others— who consider it a necessary human virtue. This leads to a brief examination of the word ‘humanidad’ in "El delincuente honrado" by Jovellanos, a play which questions the Spanish judicial system. Finally, there is a more detailed analysis of Comella’s sentimental drama "Federico segundo en Glatz o la humanidad", in which the dramatist highlights aspects of the Prussian prison system and condemns the practice of torture prior to its abolition.KEY WORDSEnlightenment, humanism, Jovellanos, Comella, legal system, torture.
Alejandro MARTÍNEZ PÉREZ, «Dibujos de Luis Paret y Alcázar (1746-1799). Catálogo razonado», Madrid, Centro de Estudios Europa Hispánica / Biblioteca Nacional de España, 2018, 349 págs.
Authors: González Santos Javier
Published: April 2019

SIN RESUMEN
EL OFICIO DE LA MADERA EN LA CASA REAL DE ESPAÑA: NOMENCLATURA Y ENTRESIJOS

The Office of Wood in the Casa Real of Spain: Nomenclator and Ins and Outs
Authors: Sanchez Casado Antonio
Published: April 2019

Para entender la forma de trabajo de carpinteros, ebanistas y otros oficios de manos dentro de la Casa Real, hay que tener presente el complejo mapa de interrelaciones jerárquicas y su repercusión social. Las diferentes Plantas que se sucedieron con cada monarca trataron de racionalizar cargos y gastos pero la multiplicación en el decoro exigido y la tendencia a perpetuar estructuras anteriores hicieron que con el tiempo su control se fuera complicando. Es necesario conocer los distintos cargos y sus obligaciones en cada época dentro de este entramado si queremos profundizar en él.
Evaluation of initial and medium-term follow-up results of balloon aortic valvuloplasty in severe aortic valve stenosis in newborns, infants and children in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: Adel Hani Mahmoud
Published: April 2019

Background: Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) represents 3%–7% of all congenital heart diseases. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAoV) has been established as an alternative to surgery for therapy of AVS in infants and children; and has proven to be an effective method for decreasing the gradient between the left ventricle and the aorta. The objective of the study was to evaluate the initial and medium-term results of BAoV in newborns, infants and children with severe AS, treated at the Alexandria University Children’s Hospital.Methods: Thirty-seven newborns, infants and children with severe AS treated by B AoV between 2009 and 2017 were studied. They were followed-up for at least 1year post- ballooning by clinical and echocardiographic evaluation.Results: The mean AoV annulus diameter by echo was 13.1±4.4 mm and by angiographic measurement was 12.8±4.3 mm. The mean Doppler gradient across AoV was 91.8±14.7 mmHg, compared to mean catheter gradient of 66.1±13.4 mmHg. The mean inflated balloon diameter was 12.1±4.1 mm. The mean balloon/AoV annulus ratio by angiogram was 0.94±0.03 (0.88–1). The mean pressure gradient across the AoV post-ballooning was 21.5±6.9 mmHg by Doppler and was 10.3±4.7 mmHg by catheter, both were significantly less than pre-ballooning values (p<0.001). The procedure was successful in all the cases. Only one case died. Post -ballooning aortic incompetence was moderate in 2 cases (5.4%) and severe in only one case (2.7%).Conclusions: Balloon aortic valvuloplasty is an effective and safe technique for relieving severe aortic valvular stenosis with acceptable morbidity and minimal mortality, particularly with the new catheter and balloon technology.
Motivación en estudiantes de música: orquesta de flautas de la Facultad de Artes
Authors: Terrazas-Bañales Francia
Published: April 2019

La motivación tiene un rol fundamental para promover el desarrollo de las distintas competencias y habilidades de los estudiantes. Se genera como resultado del interés genuino de la persona —intrínseca— o por factores ajenos, como un beneficio o recompensa —extrínseca—. De cualquier manera, el docente tiene la capacidad de influir en la motivación de los alumnos. En octubre de 2016 se forma la Orquesta de Flautas de la Facultad de Artes de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua como parte del proyecto denominado Orquesta de Flautas de la Facultad de Artes: Inclusión y trabajo grupal de estudiantes y docentes. Proyecto de investigación, con el propósito de incidir en el desempeño de estudiantes de flauta. Empleando la investigación cualitativa, el presente artículo comparte los resultados de las primeras entrevistas realizadas a los nueve integrantes de dicha agrupación en relación con la motivación. A través de los resultados se observa que la motivación intrínseca es predominante en un primer escenario y que derivado de ello los alumnos presentan desarrollo de habilidades, resolución de problemas, disminución del miedo escénico, y avances en su aprendizaje académico.
Yüksek Tansiyon Tedavisinde Kullanılan Bazı İlaç Etken Maddelerinin UV/VIS Spektrofotometrik ve Yüksek Basınçlı Sıvı Kromatografik (HPLC) Yöntemlerle İncelenmesi ve Elde Edilen Verilerin Kemometrik Yöntemlerle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aktaş Ahmet Hakan , Yavaş Uğur
Published: April 2019

Son
yıllarda hipertansiyon tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların etken maddelerini tayin
etmek amacıyla çeşitli yöntemler geliştirilmektedir. Çalışmada, ilaç etken
maddelerinden kinapril ve hidroklorotiyazid, UV/VIS
ve HPLC yöntemlerle incelendikten sonra sonuçlar kemometrik yöntemlerden PLS ve
temel PCR ile değerlendirilerek analizlerin doğruluk ve kesinlik açısından
desteklenmesi sağlanmıştır. UV/VIS çalışmalarından sonra, kinapril ve hidroklorotiyazidin PCR analizleri sonucu
geri kazanım değerleri sırasıyla %100,56 ve %99,85; standard saplamalar ise
0,512 ve 0,027; PLS çalışmaları sonucu geri kazanım değerleri sırasıyla %99,18
ve %99,75; standard saplamalar ise 0,334 ve 0,289 olarak hesaplanmıştır. HPLC
çalışmalarından sonra, kinapril ve hidroklorotiyazidin PCR analizleri sonucu
geri kazanım değerleri sırasıyla %100,01 ve % 99,78; standard saplamalar ise
0,170 ve 0,241; PLS çalışmaları sonucu geri kazanım değerleri sırasıyla %100,57
ve %100,51; standard saplamalar ise 0,462 ve 0,706 olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmada
UV/VIS ve HPLC yöntemlerinin ilaç etken maddelerinin eş zamanlı tayinindeki
yeterlilikleri kemometrik olarak incelenmiş olup çıkan sonuçlar doğrultusunda
bu yöntemlerin kinapril ve hidroklorotiyazid’den oluşan hipertansiyon
ilaçlarının kalitesi ve hedefe uygunluğu ile ilgili çalışmalarda
kullanılabilirliğinin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Effects of Water Temperature on Catalase Activity and Malondialdehyde Level in Muscle, Mouth, and Intestine Tissues of Doctor Fish (Garra rufa)
Authors: Uysal Kazım , Çolak Yıldız , Kavasoğlu Mustafa
Published: April 2019

In this study, the catalase
(CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of some tissues (muscle,
mouth and intestine) of Garra rufa
(doctor fish) fed in different water temperatures (18°C and 34°C) were studied.
No fish death was observed during the experiments. Despite the different significance levels, the proportional length
increase, the proportional weight increase, food conversion efficiency of
doctor fishes fed at 34°C were found to be lower than in fishes fed at 18°C. This can be due to the
fact that doctor fishes living in a water temperature of 34°C have a higher
metabolism, are more motile, and are more ready to the therapy. The CAT
activities and the MDA levels of the tissues studied were found to be
significantly different. The highest CAT activities and MDA levels were observed
in intestine tissues. But the CAT activities and the MDA levels of the tissues
studied for the fishes fed in 34°C water temperature were not significantly
different from those of fishes fed in 18°C water temperature.
KORELASI MASA KERJA, JAM KERJA TERHADAP KADAR t,t- MOCONIC ACID URIN PEKERJA TERPAPAR BENZENA DI PERTAMBANGAN MINYAK TRADISIONAL BOJONEGORO
Authors: Saadatuddaroini Saadatuddaroini , Keman Soedjajadi
Published: April 2019

Benzene is a natural compound contained in petroleum. Exploitation of petroleum can be done traditionally and modern. Exposure in traditional oil mining contained benzene compound can cause high levels of urine t,tmuconic acid in workers. The highest urine t,t-muconic acid levels can be affected by several factors including work period and work duration. The aim of this study was to analyzed the correlation between work period and work duration to urine t,t-muconic acid levels in traditional oil mining workers. This was an observational study with cross sectional approach. Eleven (11) sample was drawn from twelve (12) population of traditional oil mining workers. The variables studied were urine t,t-muconic acid levels, work period and work duration. Methods of data analysis to known the correlation between variabels used spearmen correlation test with α=0.05. The result showed that benzene level in ambien air measured at 4 points were exceeded the threshold limit while, 72.3% of workers had t,t-muconic acid levels within urine highest the BEIs levels. Work period and work duration were significally correlated to urine t,t- muconic acid levels (all variables, p<0.05). It can be concluded that the longer the work period and work duration were the highest the t,t-muconic acid levels of urine would be.Keywords: traditional oil mining, urine t,t-muconic acid levels, work duration, work time
SISTEM TANGGAP DARURAT KEBAKARAN DI GEDUNG ADMINISTRASI PERUSAHAAN LISTRIK
Authors: Mufida Milla Rosa , Martiana Tri
Published: April 2019

Fire is an accident that can cause many losses. One of building safety requirements are application system of fire emergency response. The building contained a safety against fire hazard through the protection system of active and passive protection. This research aims to study fire emergency response system the administration building of PT PJB UP. PAITON in 2015. The variables are policy, procedures, organization, simulation training, communication and emergency response system for prevention and mitigation fires. The system of fire prevention and countermeasure are active and passive protection system. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design. This study was comparing the data observations and interviews with regulation Health Ministry of Indonesia 2010, international standard NFPA 10, 13, 14 and 72 and Kepmen PU No. 10/KPTS/2000. The result show that building have 4th floor and more than 200 employee, so need protection when there are fire building. Policy, procedure and organization unresolved by management industry. Simulation training has routine every 1 year. Communication of emergency response are good action. Active protection system are sufficient compliance with the standard. Passive protection system exist that do not meet the requirements. The results show that emergency response management system fire and fire prevention and countermeasure system still needs to be improved, especially in the management system. Keywords: administration building, electrical industry, fire emergency response system
THE ANALYSIS OF FIRE ENGINEERING AND ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL AT BUILDING X UNIVERSITY Y YEAR 2018
Authors: Maharani Fandita Tonyka , Fitri Azizah Musliha , Buntara Arga
Published: April 2019

Jakarta Provincial Fire and Rescue Agency mentioned that the capital approximately has 900 high building, however only 20 % of them possessed adequate safety precaution. Data from the Jakarta Provincial Fire and Rescue Agency show that in 2018, 1,106 fire cases caused economic loss worth around Rp 151,498,186,111. Building X University Y is used every day with more than 500 occupants for education purpose. The aim of this study was to analyze fire engineering and administrative controls in the building according to the standards (National Fire Protection Association standards and the Regulation of Minister of Public Works No. 26/PRT/M/2008). This study used analytical descriptive design with direct observation as study method. The study was conducted in July 2018. The study found that the building has not met the adequate standards yet, such as active and passive protection systems, and the means of the evacuation system. There were no active protection systems. The only implemented passive protection system was a compartmentation system which divided the building into cells designed to resist the fire spread when it happens. There were no other passive protection systems found in the structure. All doors and windows were made of woods and glasses. There were no means of evacuation in the building. There were no administrative controls in the building. Appropriate controls are required in the building, involving fire engineering and administrative controls because the building lack of fire protective and precaution systems.Keywords: evacuation system, fire control, protection system
Pengaruh Pemberian Fraksi Etil Asetat Buah Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.) Terhadap Gambaran Makroskopis-Mikroskopis Organ Hati Tikus Putih Jantan
Authors: Sutomo Sutomo , Rafi Muhammad , Arnida Arnida
Published: April 2019

ABSTRAK             Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Kosterm) merupakan tumbuhan khas Kalimantan Selatan yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan gambaran makroskopis (warna dan volume) organ hati serta perubahan histopatologi sel hati (degenerasi parenkimatosa, degenerasi hidropis, dan nekrosis) pada tikus setelah diberikan fraksi etil asetat buah M. casturi secara peroral. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post test only control group design. Hewan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol (Na-CMC 0,5%) dan kelompok perlakuan (5, 50, 300, dan 2000 mg/kgBB). Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 5 tikus putih jantan yang diberikan perlakuan 1 kali selama 14 hari, setelah itu tikus dibedah dan diambil organ hati untuk diamati. Hasil analisis Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan bahwa pemberian fraksi etil asetat buah M. casturi pada gambaran makroskopis (volume) hati tidak berbeda bermakna antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan (p > 0,05). Hasil analisis One-Way ANOVA pada gambaran mikroskopis hati menunjukkan bahwa kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Kata kunci : Mangifera casturi, fraksi etil asetat, toksisitas, degenerasi, nekrosis  ABSTRACT Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.) is the typical plants of South Kalimantan that contains antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to determine the macroscopical representative (color and volume) of rats liver and the microscopical representative of hepar cells (parenchymatous degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis) after oral administration of ethyl acetate fraction of M. casturi fruit. This study was an experimental study with post-test only control group design. Test animals were divided into 5 groups consisted of a control group (CMC Na 0,5%), and treatment groups (5, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg bw). Each group consisted of 5 the male white rats which were treated once for 14 days. And then the rats were dissected, the liver were taken out to make preparations of histopathological examination and observation. The results of Kruskal Wallis showed that ethyl acetate fraction of M. casturi fruit had no difference on macroscopical representation of the liver. Keywords : Mangifera casturi, ethyl acetate fraction, toxicity, degeneration, necrosis
Crystal Period Vectors under External Stress in Statistical Physics
Authors: Liu Gang
Published: April 2019

A basic and general equation to determine period vectors (cell edge vectors) is necessary in physics, especially when crystals are under external stress. It has been derived in Newtonian dynamics. Since statistical physics should also generate such equation, we will provide a derivation. By extending the normal derivation for crystals under external pressure, regarding crystal cells as being filled with continuous media, formulating the work done by the external stress on the crystal explicitly, and deriving the forces on the surfaces of the cells by the external stress, we arrived at the equation for the period vectors, which is in principle the same as the above mentioned counterpart achieved in Newtonian dynamics. Everything also restores when the external stress reduces to the special case of external pressure. It should be applicable when crystals are under different pressures in different directions, like in piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phenomena.
Proteomic Profiles of Cotton Fiber Developmental Transition from Cell Elongation to Secondary Wall Deposition
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Yun , Hu Wen-Ran , LI Bo , Yang Yang , Zhang Yong , Thow Kieran , Fan Ling , Qu Yan-Ying
Published: April 2019

Cotton fiber development transition from elongation to secondary cell wall biosynthesis is a critical growth shifting phase that affects cotton ﬁber final length, strength and other properties.  Morphological dynamic analysis indicates that an asynchronous fiber developmental pattern between two cotton species. The critical time point for Gh and Gb fiber elongation termination is, respectively, 23 and 27 days post-anthesis (dpa). The temporal changes of protein expression at three representative development periods (15–19, 19–23, 23–27 dpa) were examined in both species with iTRAQ technics. Strikingly, a large proportion of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) was identified at 19–23 dpa in Gh or at 23–27 dpa in Gb, corresponding to their fiber developmental transition timing from elongation to secondary cell wall biosynthesis. To better understand fibers transitional development, we comparatively analyzed those DEPs in 19–23 dpa of Gh vs. in 23–27 dpa of Gb, and noted that these cotton species indeed share fundamentally similar fiber development features under the biological processes. It also showed that there have limited overlaps in both specific upregulated and downregulated proteins between the two species, suggesting specie-specific protein regulations in development. Proteomic profiling revealed dynamic changes of several key proteins and biological processes that potentially correlate with fiber development transition. During the transition, upregulated proteins mainly involved in carbohydrate/energy metabolism, oxidation-reduction, cytoskeleton, protein turnover, Ca2+ signaling etc, whereas important downregulated proteins mostly concentrated in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid secondary metabolism pathways. Several changed proteins in this key stage were also validated by qRT-PCR. Overall, the present study provides accurate pictures of the regulatory networks of functional proteins during the fiber developmental transition.
Concise Total Synthesis of (+)-Zeylenone with Antitumor Activity and Structure-Activity Relationship of Its Derivatives
Authors: Sun Zhonghao , Yang Shuxian , Xu Chengfang , Ma Guoxu , Cao Li , Tian Yu , Lin Jiahao , Xu Xudong
Published: April 2019

(-)-Zeylenone is a promising cytotoxic agent，which is a natural product isolated from Uvaria grandiflora Roxb. Though substantial antitumor mechanism has been researched , little has focused on its enantiomer (+)-Zeylenone.This article will try to find a gram scale synthesis method of (+)-Zeylenone and explain the structure-activity relationship of this kind of compound. Total synthesis of (+)-zeylenone was completed in 13 steps with quinic acid as starting material in 8.8% overall yield. The highlight of the route was the control of the three carbon’s chirality by clever use of single step dihydroxylation under the direction of the key C-3 chirality. In addition, zeylenone derivatives were designed and synthesized and their antitumor activity were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines using the CCK8 assay. Structure-activity relationship suggested compounds with both two absolute configurations exhibited good activity. Besides, hydroxyls at C-1/2 position were crucial for the activity and esterification of C-1 hydroxyl with large groups made the activity disappeared. Hydroxyl at C-3 position was also important as proper ester substituent could increase the potency.
Antecedents of Employee Intention to Leave the SMEs
Authors: Mudrifah Mudrifah , Rokhmawati Dian
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to find out how the effect of the antecedents of intention to leave involve job dissatisfaction and work-related stress in the Small Medium Entreprises (SMEs). The variables were moderated by the perceived alternative job opportunities (PAJO) as Indonesian Migrant Workers. A total of 89 questionnaires were distributed to the employees of SMEs located in Ngunut District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The Data were analyzed using the associative descriptive method, using PLS version 3.0 software. The results of the analysis obtained in this study indicate that work dissatisfaction and work-related stress have a positive influence on the intention to leave the SMEs. The perceived of alternative job opportunities as Indonesian migrant workers successfully moderating the effect of employee work-related stress on the intention to leave SMEs in Ngunut District, Tulungagung Regency.
Knee Arthroscopy for the Treatment of Lipoma Arborescens
Authors: Wang Casey K. , Alfayez Saud , Marwan Yousef , Martineau Paul A. , Burman Mark
Published: April 2019

Background:

Lipoma arborescens is a rare, intra-articular benign lesion characterized by hyperplastic formation of villous projections that commonly presents as nonspecific mechanical knee pain. The treatment of choice for lipoma arborescens of the knee is open or arthroscopic synovectomy. However, data are lacking on the success of arthroscopic treatment, despite its increasingly widespread use. We aimed to systemically review the outcomes of arthroscopic treatment of lipoma arborescens.

Methods:

PubMed and Embase were searched by 2 reviewers independently on October 9, 2018, and all relevant articles in the English and French languages up to and including that date were considered. The search terms “lipoma arborescens,” “knee,” “arthroscopy,” and “arthroscopic” were used. Articles were screened on the basis of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Results:

Among the 110 initial studies that were retrieved, 28 satisfied the inclusion criteria. A total of 71 knees in 65 patients ranging from 13 to 78 years of age underwent arthroscopic synovectomy for the treatment of lipoma arborescens. The duration of follow-up ranged from 3 weeks to 84 months. The recurrence rate was 2.8%, and 2 patients underwent conversion to open surgery. One patient had postoperative hematoma that required evacuation, and another patient reported persistent residual pain at the time of the latest follow-up.

Conclusions:

On the basis of this uncontrolled, systematic review, arthroscopic synovectomy is a safe and effective treatment for lipoma arborescens of the knee, with a success rate of >95%.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Commodification of Religion in the Maqāṣid Al-Shariah Perspective
Authors: Maftukhatusolikhah Maftukhatusolikhah , Rusydi Muhammad
Published: April 2019

This article discusses the problem of the commodification of religion in Islam, namely looking at the perspective of Islamic law on a process that directs the symbols and religious expressions of Muslims in the framework of market-based power as a commodity or business object. The theory used is the Maqashid ash-Shariah theory, to find out whether or not the objectives of sharia law are maintained in the religious practices which intersect with the economic dimension. This becomes relevant because for a Muslim the conformity with the objectives of sharia is the materialization of maslahah which is the wisdom of establishing a law in Islam. It employs a normative approach in the perspective of Maqashid jurisprudence. The results of this study indicate that in the Islamic context, there are several things that reveal the symptoms of religious commodification which are packaged in various forms of industry. Some types of industry still exist which are built with economic rationality to seek mere worldly benefits and ignore the principles of benefit. For this type of business practice, the government with its various instruments or institutions must continue to carry out sharia-compliant supervision. Meanwhile for the sharia-based business practices or industries, there is no legal issue in complying with sharia objectives there.Keywords: Commodification of religion, Maqasid al-Sharia, Islamic law, religion with economic dimensions.
Oil-Rate Prediction Model for the Ramp-Up Phase of a Steam-Assisted-Gravity-Drainage Process: Stability Approach
Authors: Irani Mazda
Published: April 2019

In a steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) process, the steam chamber starts to develop in three stages: ramp up, lateral spreading, and wind down. Although the physics of ramp up (or the rising phase) is completely different from that of lateral spreading, the current theoretical analyses of SAGD use a similar approach for modeling lateral spreading to calculate the ramp-up oil rate. The oil rate at the ramp-up phase is highly dependent upon the upward growth of the steam chamber, which is controlled by the frontal instability of the steam-condensate front into the heated bitumen. In this study, the evolution of disturbance (spatial-growth rate) was explored by solving the initial value problem governing the linear stability of the pressure and water-phase velocity normal to the edge of the steam chamber found in the SAGD process. To investigate the interaction of the steam chamber/reservoir zones, a new model was formulated that coupled the pressure diffusion equations and condensate leakoff into a reservoir beyond the chamber. The results suggested that the steam interface in the SAGD process was unstable if it moved faster than the critical velocity. In the ramp-up phase, the velocity at the chamber interface increased until it reached the instability velocity. Once it was reached, the instability caused extensive mixing and convection that reduced the temperature at the interface, thus causing the interface velocity to reduce to the instability velocity. As a result, the interface grew at the equilibrium velocity of minimum instability velocity (or critical velocity). The vertical/horizontal permeability ratio (Ωk) of the reservoir is a controlling parameter of instability. The calculated oil-production rate at ramp up increases linearly with time (i.e., qo∝t), which contradicts Butler's ramp-up formula that states that the rate is correlated to the cubic root of time (i.e., qo∝t1/3). Another key finding was that the suggested ramp-up-rate formula was highly dependent upon the reservoir-water mobility, which was supported by field operations in reservoirs with high water mobility such as Suncor/Firebag and Nexen/Long Lake, where the ramp-up time was significantly less than that in reservoirs with low water mobility, such as those in the MacKay River Field.
Easy-DHPSF 2.0: open-source software for three-dimensional localization and two-color registration of single molecules with nanoscale accuracy
Authors: Bayas Camille , Diezmann Alex von , Gustavsson Anna-Karin , Moerner W. E.
Published: April 2019

Automated processing of double-helix (DH) microscope images of fluorescent single molecules (SMs) streamlines the protocol required to obtain super-resolved three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of ultrastructures in biological samples by single-molecule active control microscopy (SMACM). Here, we present a suite of MATLAB subroutines, bundled with an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI), that facilitates 3D localization of single emitters (e.g. SMs, fluorescent beads, or quantum dots) with typical precisions of tens of nanometers in multi-frame movies acquired using a wide-field DH epifluorescence microscope. The algorithmic approach is based upon template matching for SM recognition and least‑squares fitting for 3D position measurement, both of which are computationally expedient and precise. Overlapping images of SMs are ignored, and the precision of least-squares fitting is not as high as maximum likelihood-based methods. Version 2.0 of Easy-DHPSF augments the approach of Version 1.0 by incorporating code that facilitates combining localization data from two spectral channels using a locally-weighted quadratic 3D registration function.
Swine manure application enriches the soil food web in corn and soybean production
Authors: Grabau Zane J. , Bao Yong , Vetsch Jeffrey A. , Chen Senyu
Published: April 2019

Strategies for managing plant-parasitic nematodes while promoting soil quality are needed in corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) cropping systems. Therefore, a series of two-year experiments were conducted in Minnesota to determine the simple and interactive effects of manure or conventional fertilizer and short-term crop rotation on the nematode community, a sensitive indicator of soil ecology. The two-year crop sequences were Sus-Sus, Res-Sus, and Corn-Sus, where Sus and Res are soybean susceptible and resistant to Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode: SCN), respectively. The fertilizer treatments were liquid swine manure, conventional phosphorus (P)-potassium (K) fertilizer, and no fertilizer. Crop sequence and fertilizer choice had individual main effects, but did not have an interactive effect on the nematode community. Swine manure affected the nematode community in ways that conventional PK fertilizer or no fertilizer did not, substantially enhancing populations of bacterivores in colonizer-persister group 1, which are extreme enrichment opportunists. Manure application did not affect other groups of free-living nematodes and decreased nematode community diversity. Conventional PK fertilizer did not influence the nematode community compared with untreated control. The effects of short-term crop sequences were much less pronounced and consistent than manure application, but corn altered the environment to favor fungivores while soybean increased bacterivore abundances.
Antimicrobial Potential of Benzimidazole Derived Molecules
Authors: Bansal Yogita , Kaur Manjinder , Bansal Gulshan
Published: April 2019

Structural resemblance of benzimidazole nucleus with purine nucleus in nucleotides makes benzimidazole derivatives attractive ligands to interact with biopolymers of a living system. The most prominent benzimidazole compound in nature is N-ribosyldimethylbenzimidazole, which serves as an axial ligand for cobalt in vitamin B12. This structural similarity prompted medicinal chemists across the globe to synthesize a variety of benzimidazole derivatives and to screen those for various biological activities, such as anticancer, hormone antagonist, antiviral, anti-HIV, anthelmintic, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic, antiallergic, coagulant, anticoagulant, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Hence, benzimidazole nucleus is considered as a privileged structure in drug discovery, and it is exploited by many research groups to develop numerous compounds that are purported to be antimicrobial. Despite a large volume of research in this area, no novel benzimidazole derived compound has emerged as clinically effective antimicrobial drug. In the present review, we have compiled various reports on benzimidazole derived antimicrobials, classified as monosubstituted, disubstituted, trisubstituted and tetrasubstituted benzimidazoles, bisbenzimidazoles, fused-benzimidazoles, and benzimidazole derivative-metal complexes. The purpose is to collate these research reports, and to generate a generalised outlay of benzimidazole derived molecules that can assist the medicinal chemists in selecting appropriate combination of substituents around the nucleus for designing potent antimicrobials.
Seroepidemiological Survey of Canine Leishmania Infections from Peripheral Areas in Natal, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro , Carlota Francisco Canindé , Andrade-Neto Valter Ferreira de
Published: April 2019

Background and Objective:

Human visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in Natal, northeast of Brazil, where the
domestic dog is an important parasite reservoir in the infectious cycle of Leishmania spp. In this study, was evaluated the
antileishmanial IgG antibody and epidemiological factors related to canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL).

Methods:

Sera samples obtained by venipuncture of 1,426 dogs living in areas of human visceral leishmaniasis occurrence
were tested for detection of IgG anti-leishmania antibodies with Immunofluorescence Antibody Assay (IFA) and Enzyme
Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Chi-square (x2) and Odds Ratio (OR) were calculated. Differences were
considered statistically significant at p≤0.05.

RESULTS:

The overall seroprevalence was 10.30% (147/1,426); prevalence increased when the samples were found to be
positive at least for one technique ([417/1,426] 29.3%). The high percentage of seroprevalence was observed in Nova
República (15.35%), Nova Natal I (12.7%) and Lagoa Azul (11.4%) neighborhoods. In the Planalto, Soledade and Brasil
Novo, the infection rates ranged from 7.5 at 8.06%. (p=0.00051). There was neither statistically significant difference
between leishmanial infection nor clinical signs of disease (p=0.84; OR=1.0 [0.41; 2.3]), sex (p=0.78, OR=0.94 [0.66;
1.28]); and breed (p=0.92; OR=1.0 [0.65; 1.54]) were observed.

Conclusion:

The RESULTS suggest that CVL is widely distributed in Natal, may be increasingly urbanizing and will spread
through neighborhoods but not endemic, resulting in a serious public health problem, emphasizing the need for
epidemiological studies to a greater understanding of the distribution of canine leishmaniasis in these specific areas and
contribute proactively to the public health policies.