bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divulgação Científica e Institucionalização da Medicina
Authors: Paula Eder Mendes de
Published: January 2023

O presente texto apresenta alguns resultados de pesquisa, focados na publicação Arquivos de Saúde Pública, da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Goiás. A problematização central é entender como se articulam a divulgação científica e a institucionalização da medicina em Goiás através da revista. Neste sentido, outros pontos como a identidade dos médicos, a medicalização do comportamento do sertanejo e a exploração do cerrado no século XX, são abordados como reverberações das políticas de saúde que aparecem nos textos da revista Arquivos de Saúde Pública.
Cartografias de Mulheres na Prostituição
Authors: Codognoto Luciana
Published: January 2023

Nesta pesquisa, buscamos narrar às histórias de vida de mulheres adultas que se prostituem em um município interiorano e de pequeno porte populacional, localizado na região sudeste do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). Para mapearmos as experiências vividas por essas diferentes mulheres na prostituição, recorremos à abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa em Psicologia, sustentada pelos aportes teóricos dos Estudos Culturais e Queer e pelo método da análise do discurso, de Michel Foucault. A cartografia e a observação participante nos auxiliaram nas atividades de campo e na realização de entrevistas de longa duração com 10 (dez) mulheres que atuavam em diferentes territórios/espacialidades da prostituição da cidade, como bares, casas e ruas. Diversos fatores contribuíram para a entrada e a permanência de nossas participantes na prostituição, em especial os episódios recorrentes de violências estruturais e de gêneros, vividos da infância à idade adulta.
Imagens de controle, “Maria”, “Eva” e “Salomé”
Authors: Dantas Elynaldo
Published: January 2023

Buscamos neste artigo analisar como o político-intelectual Gustavo Barroso, em meados da década de 1910, operacionalizou discursivamente certas imagens de controle sobre a mulher brasileira (in)desejada para o seu projeto de nação, com o objetivo de reforçar determinados roteiros sociais marcados pela opressão interseccionada de gênero, classe e raça, participando assim da edificação da estrutura que historicamente silencia, desumaniza e suprime esse outro bem específico da sociedade brasileira que quer se dizer e se fazer ver branca-patriarcal e eurocentrada: as mulheres.
Oliveira Vianna e a classe trabalhadora
Authors: Boson Victor Hugo Criscuolo
Published: January 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar três representações acerca da classe trabalhadora brasileira, presentes em Direito do Trabalho e Democracia Social, coletânea de textos de autoria de Oliveira Vianna, e interpelá-las como artifícios funcionais ao processo de justificação de um modelo de regulação jurídica do trabalho ideologicamente associado ao aprofundamento do autoritarismo e do capitalismo no Brasil. Para isso, analisa a recepção das representações de um povo pacífico, insolidário e avesso à luta de classes na revista Cultura Política (1941-1943), interpelando como as descrições são articuladas normativamente e demarcam ideias-forças operacionalizadas na institucionalidade do campo jurídico trabalhista brasileiro, inclusive em sua atualidade.
Feminicídio e humilhação de gênero
Authors: Ferreira de Souza Márcio , Aparecida Mariano Silvana
Published: January 2023

O artigo parte da noção de humilhação como ação racionalmente orientada, isto é, como práticas de assujeitamento e degradação moral e/ou física de pessoas individuais e coletivas que resultam em processos de humilhação, como o feminicídio. O percurso analítico-argumentativo alude a alguns casos históricos de feminicídio no Brasil em diferentes períodos e ao Memorial de Feminicídios de Londrina, produzido pelo Néias – Observatório de Feminicídios, com registros de tentativas de feminicídios e de casos de concretização do ato, no intervalo entre 2015 e 2022, ocorridos na comarca de Londrina. São casos reveladores de uma situação mais genérica em relação a todo o país. Argumentamos que a despeito de uma suposta aleatoriedade, tais casos estabelecem fortes conexões entre si, pois são expressão de uma estrutura hierarquizante, estabelecida por relações assimétricas de poder simbólico e legitimadora das situações concretas de violações, degradações e extermínios dos corpos femininos.
O Massacre dos Mucker
Authors: Karsburg Alexandre de Oliveira
Published: January 2023

Um manuscrito torna-se o ponto de partida de uma pesquisa minuciosa feita pelos historiadores João Biehl e Miquéias Mügge, em livro intitulado “Escritos perdidos”, que narra a vida e a obra de um imigrante germânico chamado Johann Georg Klein (1822-1915). O livro é dividido em quatro capítulos, com um prólogo e um epílogo. No prólogo, os autores narram como chegaram até o manuscrito de Johann Georg Klein – intitulado Vom Katechismus, perdido por mais de um século e que estava de posse dos descendentes do historiador Leopoldo Petry. Nas páginas finais do livro, um conjunto de cartas escritas pelo personagem e por ele redigidas em nome da líder Mucker Jacobina Mentz Maurer e de sua irmã Carolina Mentz. A obra ainda é repleta de mapas, fotografias, litografias, reprodução de cartas, trazendo qualidade e informação ao texto muito bem construído.
Comprehending Genre
Authors: Midkiff Emily
Published: January 2023

This chapter demonstrates how primary sf requires only slight modification for even the youngest audiences. While science fiction calls for knowledge of the genre intertext and special reading comprehension protocols, children's literacy training and the specialized formats of children's literature enable genre complexity in ways that many children are especially well-equipped to understand. The chapter includes references to a sample set of 357 illustrated primary sf books as examples of how primary sf functions and flourishes in different formats for children like picturebooks, early readers, comic books, graphic novels, and hybridized middle grade novels.
Reading Representation
Authors: Midkiff Emily
Published: January 2023

This chapter considers who primary sf represents, and how this may impact the accessibility of primary sf for a wide variety of readers. The author compares the gender and diversity representation in primary sf to the fields of children's literature and science fiction at large. Exemplary primary sf books employ approaches from science fiction for adults, such as the techniques of Feminism, Afrofuturism, Indigenous Futurism, and Latin@futurism.
Historical Context
Authors: Marius Philippe-Richard
Published: January 2023

The historical contextualization of this study, which apprehends Haiti’s two colorized formations as united classes of privileged people, begins with an exegesis of the Acte de l’Indépendance, the country’s birth declaration. It addresses the nation’s subjects as indigène and citizen interchangeably, explicitly defining indigène as one born on “this land,” otherwise known as a creole, irrespective of color. The Armée indigène, a creole alliance, ruthlessly destroyed armies of bossales, the former slaves born in Africa, before defeating the French and authoring both the nation and the Acte. Arguing that it withheld citizenship from native Africans present at the nation’s founding, the chapter notes that the Haitian state has never revisited the matter and no scholar of Haiti or Haitian intellectual has ever considered the significance of the Founding Fathers’ “indigène” vocabulary. It then traces the imbrication of Haiti’s elites in the Atlantic and their instrumentalization of color in national politics.
Mulatto, Prejudice, and Other White Tidemarks of the Nation
Authors: Marius Philippe-Richard
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the peculiar place of whiteness in the privileged Haitian’s imaginary. Light-skinned Haitians do not generally become whites. Mulattoes nonetheless in general fetishize the appearance of whiteness in the body. From the material valuation of whiteness in the USA (Hacker 1992; Bush 2004), the chapter apprehends color prejudice in its material logic, which seeks the derivative valuation of a relatively light complexion in a nonwhite people. The prejudiced mulatto is not moving away from a Haitian identity but staking a claim on the value of global whiteness within an alternate (of the black) national imaginary. Drawing on Trouillot (1990a), the chapter also shows that blacks as well as mulattoes operationalize colorism as but one modality among others toward the reproduction of a privileged-class situation. The final section of the chapter captures the rupture of liberal politics in Haitian civil society by the politics of color.
Unity in Colorism and Class Ideologies
Authors: Marius Philippe-Richard
Published: January 2023

Class is the terrain on which both the privileged black and the privileged mulatto perform their distinction from Haiti’s poor and culturally marginalized subjects. They share a corpus of class ideologies, which include color ideologies and in aggregate regulate social stratification. Theorizing not-black as effectively the social color of relatively dark-skinned privileged Haitians in everyday life, through literary productions and the ethnographic moment, the chapter maps discursive ways in which bilingual privileged blacks and mulattoes—Western bourgeois subjects—alternately blacken the poor Haitian and distance themselves from social blackness. It ends with a critical reading of the moment in 1960 when noiristes and mulattoes of the privileged classes celebrated the “crowning” of Claudinette Fouchard, a daughter of the mulatto elite, as a “beauty queen” on the global stage. The analysis reveals the transcendent unity of the privileged classes and the externality of the peasantry in that celebration of the nation’s bourgeois pedigree.
The Political Economy of Knowing White
Authors: Marius Philippe-Richard
Published: January 2023

The chapter theorizes the logic of a postcolonial black elite appropriating cultures of white colonial power to define itself, while cultivating a secular worship of ancestors who vanquished white supremacy. It reads a history of the whiteness/blackness binary phenomenologically and discovers culture irreducibly guarding the boundaries of privilege indexed by whiteness in the Atlantic. These boundaries become transracially permeable between the transmissibility of culture and the need of capitalist modernity to reinvent itself continually, making hitherto “white” privilege accessible to people “of color” with requisite competence in cultures of whiteness. The chapter notes the central importance accorded a Western “education” by other black Atlantic postcolonial elites, by way of arguing that, in the (post)colony as much as in Europe, such education produces a certain subjectivity, not a certain physiognomy. The chapter then engages critically with discourses and practices around French cultures that articulate with a privileged class situation in Haiti.
Introduction
Authors: Conners Carrie
Published: January 2023

The introduction shows that humor became a powerful political tool during the last half of the 20th century for poets who fought, or at least scoffed at, the establishment and dominant cultural narratives. Poets, like many stand-up comics working contemporaneously, voiced controversial issues, spoke for marginalized people, and encouraged others to explore difficult subjects through their humor. For grounding, it surveys different types of poetry widely recognized as political and offers a brief synopsis of how theories of humor facilitate analysis of political critiques. The introduction posits that the interplay between humor and poetic genre creates special opportunities for political critique as poetic genres invoke the social constructs that the poets deride. It concludes that integral to the humor in the poetry analyzed in the book is the hope that if we laugh at what is wrong with our world and ourselves, we might be inspired to try and make things right.
Bursting at the Seams
Authors: Conners Carrie
Published: January 2023

In Sleeping with the Dictionary (2002), Harryette Mullen's humorous, game-like poems, highlight sobering social realities, such as racism and sexism, and indict American capitalism as a system that sustains these oppressions. Mullen's non-narrative word play highlights and counters the ways in which American consumer culture encourages the process of reification. Chapter Two demonstrates that Mullen's poems, formed by various covert creative constraints, challenge the reader to think laterally in order to discover the organizing principle, which is often hinted at through linguistic humor. When that principle is uncovered, the poem explodes with meanings that cannot be contained by the form. Analogously, the demanding poems' complicated forms enable the reader to recognize the process of reification and, perhaps, break out of its confines. Through comparisons with two of her peers who employ similar procedural poetic techniques, Terrance Hayes and Charles Bernstein, the author shows how Mullen's proceduralism is especially well-suited to societal critique.
“But He Aint Never Been Seen!”
Authors: Conners Carrie
Published: January 2023

A work in the tradition of mock-epic, Ed Dorn's Gunslinger (1975) humorously plays with readers' expectations of the quest and the Western among other tropes. A significant part of the humor is generated by the narrative itself, which follows a gunslinger/metaphysician/demigod and his band of brothers, which includes a talking, pot-smoking horse frequently referred to as Claude Levi-Strauss, on a quest, though meandering at best, to find and duel Robart, a paragon of capitalism based on Howard Hughes. The fundamental political critique may seem obvious—a gunslinger out to kill capitalism—but its enactment is nuanced and complex. The Hughes figure's protean nature apes and derides the overlapping, and sometimes conflicting, narratives that capitalism appropriates in order to sustain its dominance in the West. Contrasting Dorn's work with another work that humorously engages with the epic genre, Derek Walcott's Omeros, demonstrates the potential for political critique that the epic provides.
INCIDENCE AND GRAVITY OF COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS UNDER TREATMENT WITH SUBLINGUAL IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: Santos Júlia Gaspar de Oliveira , Sparaga Lucas Demetrio , Rimoli Caroline Fernandes , Dedavid Vittoria Senna
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a systemic, immunological, contagious and lethal disorder, with predominantly respiratory manifestations, caused by human infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Allergic rhinitis (AR), in turn, is an incurable and heterogeneous disease, characterized as an inflammation and/or dysfunction of the nasal lining mucosa. Immunotherapy is the only treatment that can lead to the cure of AR. It involves a programmed administration of allergen extract in effective doses, instituting a persistent immunological modification. It is necessary to know if the control of AR with immunotherapy causes any benefit in relation to COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate the incidence rate and severity of COVID-19 in patients with AR treated with sublingual immunotherapy, compared to patients with AR who have not undergone this type of treatment. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study, carried out by means of questionnaires sent by email to patients with AR undergoing treatment at the Rhinitis and Allergy Center of the Hospital Paranaense de Otorrinolaringologia, in Curitiba (Brazil), in the period from March 2020 to March 2021. The evaluation period for these questionnaires was the month of October 2021. The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research in Human Beings of the Hospital Paranaense de Otorrinolaringologia. A Free and Informed Consent Term was obtained from all participants. The results obtained in the study were described as frequencies and percentages. To compare the groups defined by treatment with sublingual immunotherapy, in relation to the categorical variables, Fisher’s exact test or the chi-square test was used. Results: Twenty patients (36.4%) with confirmed COVID-19 have not undergone independent immunotherapy treatment, against eight patients (21.1%) in the immunotherapy group. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Regarding the severity of the condition, most of the patients in both groups reported symptoms, which was also not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference for the incidence rate of COVID-19 in patients with allergic rhinitis treated with sublingual immunotherapy, compared to patients with allergic rhinitis who have not undergone this type of treatment.
RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE USE OF AZITHROMYCIN AND IBUPROFEN IN PAIN AND POSTADENOTONSILLECTOMY COMORBIDITIES DURING CHILDHOOD
Authors: Stahlke Luciana Gabardo , Tenório Sérgio Bernardo
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The adenotonsillectomy is among the most usual surgical procedures during childhood. Postoperative pain in this type of surgery may be intense and long-lasting. It is a major obstacle against the return to the reasonable feeding condition because it makes swallowing more difficult. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most used group of medications for the treatment of acute pain, as they are considered safe, also due to their low cost and because they do not need any unique prescription. Azithromycin is an antibiotic of the macrolide group that can not only act as antimicrobial, but also as an anti-inflammatory. It has been observed that the macrolide drugs lower the production of cytokines, stimulate degranulation of the leucocytes, gather neutrophil and blood flow cells exposed to bacteria, and also accelerate the apoptosis of the leucocytes, which are typical effects of classical anti-inflammatory drugs. Objective: Aiming to assess these effects, a randomized comparative study in two groups of children undergoing adenotonsillectomy was performed. Material and Methods: Group 1 received ibuprofen in the postoperative, and group 2 received ibuprofen and azithromycin. Both groups were assessed as to immediate postoperative pain, at the moment of hospital discharge (4 to 6 hours after the surgery), on the 5th, 10th, and 14th postoperative day. The number of doses administered against pain, discomfort at the time of swallowing, and return to feeding, as well as postoperative comorbidities (fever, nausea, vomiting, and bleeding) were also observed. Results: The results did not show statistical significance between the groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that azithromycin did not lower postoperative pain; it does not make swallowing easier, and does not act over the comorbidities. More detailed studies must be made to better evaluate the effect of azithromycin as an anti-inflammatory in the adenotonsillectomy postoperative.
FUNGAL OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE MAXILLARY BONE AFTER NASAL SURGERY:
CASE REPORT OF A RARE PRESENTATION
Authors: Ladeira Bruna Ajuz , Bortoli Felipe Raasch de , Zétola André Luis , Santos Marco Cesar Jorge dos
Published: January 2023

Maxillary osteomyelitis is defined as bone inflammation in the maxilla, initiated in the medullary cavities, with progression to the cortical portion and the Haversian system, which may affect the periosteum and soft tissues by contiguity. When comparing maxillary and mandibular osteomyelitis, it can be seen that the first is rarer, since maxilla has a thin cortical layer and an extensive network of collateral blood vessels, which together offer a protective role against bone infections. The main predisposing factor for the development of the disease is surgical intervention, a procedure that can cause the infection, more commonly associated with Staphilococcus aureus and epidermidis, and more rarely of fungal etiology.
RHINOPLASTY AND SOCIAL MEDIA: THE PATIENT’S VIEW
Authors: Cioni Barbara de Paula , Berger Cézar Augusto Sarraf
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The Internet has become a common resource for patients seeking information on medical conditions, including aesthetic surgeries. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of a questionnaire, the opinion of patients candidates or already submitted to rhinoplasty regarding what they would like to see in the social networks of nose plastic surgeons. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire was applied to 50 patients candidates for nasal plastic surgery. Results: It was found that 96% of the sample used some kind of social network. But only 4% used social networks to choose their surgeon. It was observed the desire of the vast majority of patients to see more informative posts on medical social networks, and the influence that photographs of surgical results have on the choice of their surgeon. Conclusion: Knowledge about the interests of patients is of fundamental importance in suggesting what plastic nose surgeons should consider publishing, and also what should be avoided in their social media marketing, to attract clients.
COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NASAL SEPTAL SWELL BODY AND
THE POSTERIOR NASAL SEPTAL MUCOSA
Authors: Queiroz Monik Souza Lins , Santos Marco Cesar Jorge dos , Negri Krystal Calmeto , Pauna Henrique F. , Hurtado Johann G. G. Malcherts
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The nasal septal swell body is an area in the nasal septum located superior to the inferior turbinate, and anterior to the middle turbinate. It is closely associated with the internal nasal valve, in addition to being included among the expansile tissues of the anterior nose, which suggests that it significantly interferes with nasal airflow resistance. Objective: The present study aimed to histologically evaluate the composition of the septal mucosa in the septal body area, while comparing it with the posterior septal region, and to discover its role in nasal physiology. Methods: To perform the histological analysis, samples of the septal body mucosa and of the posterior septal mucosa of 20 patients were collected, and then the differences regarding cellular constitution, blood vessels (sinusoid and arterial) and connective tissue were outlined. Results: A larger number of venous sinusoids was noticed in the nasal septal body area, compared to the posterior septal mucosa, and less glandular-like tissue in the nasal septal body. Conclusion: The erectile tissue characteristic of the nasal septal body may play a role in the physiology of nasal obstruction, but new studies with different groups of patients are needed to define its actual role.
TECHNOLOGIES IN LARYNX MICROSURGERY
Authors: Macedo Filho Evaldo Dacheux de , Rimoli Caroline Fernandes , Catani Guilherme Simas do Amaral , Ido Filho Jorge Massaki
Published: January 2023

The development of new technologies is always associated with the need to overcome difficulties or facilitating the treatment of diseases with the tools currently available. Sometimes these technologies are disruptive, with new proposals and solutions, or just variations of known surgical techniques, by using new technological bases.
Cost-Based or Learning-Based?
Authors: Yu Xiang , Chai Chengliang , Li Guoliang , Liu Jiabin
Published: January 2023

Traditional cost-based optimizers are efficient and stable to generate optimal plans for simple SQL queries, but they may not generate high-quality plans for complicated queries. Thus learning-based optimizers have been proposed recently that can learn high-quality plans based on past experiences. However, learning-based optimizers cannot work well for dynamic workloads that have different distributions with training examples.

In this paper, we propose a hybrid optimizer that adopts the advantages and avoids the shortcomings of these two types of optimizers, which first generates high-quality candidate plans from each type of optimizers and then selects the best plan from the candidates. There are two challenges. (1) How to generate high-quality candidates? We propose a hint-based candidate generation method that leverages the learning-based method to generate highly beneficial hints and then uses a cost-based method to supplement the hints to generate complete plans as candidates. (2) How to evaluate different candidate plans and select the best one? We propose an uncertainty-based optimal plan selection model, which predicts the execution time and the uncertainty for each plan. The uncertainty reflects the confidence of the execution time prediction. We select the plan using the uncertainty model. Experiment results on real datasets showed that our method outperformed the state-of-the-art baselines, and reduced the total latency by 25% and the tail latency by 65% compared to PostgreSQL.
No Repetition
Authors: Aamand Anders , Das Debarati , Kipouridis Evangelos , Knudsen Jakob B. T. , Rasmussen Peter M. R. , Thorup Mikkel
Published: January 2023

Stochastic sample-based estimators are among the most fundamental and universally applied tools in statistics. Such estimators are particularly important when processing huge amounts of data, where we need to be able to answer a wide range of statistical queries reliably, yet cannot afford to store the data in its full length.

In many applications we need the sampling to be coordinated which is typically attained using hashing. In previous work, a common strategy to obtain reliable sample-based estimators that work within certain error bounds with high probability has been to design one that works with constant probability, and then boost the probability by taking the median over
r
independent repetitions. Aamand et al. (STOC'20) recently proposed a fast and practical hashing scheme with
strong concentration bounds
, Tabulation-1Permutation, the first of its kind. In this paper, we demonstrate that using such a hash family for the sampling, we achieve the same high probability bounds without any need for repetitions. Using the same space, this saves a factor
r
in time, and simplifies the overall algorithms.

We validate our approach experimentally on both real and synthetic data. We compare Tabulation-1Permutation with other hash functions such as strongly universal hash functions and various other hash functions such as MurmurHash3 and BLAKE3, both with and without resorting to repetitions. We see that if we want reliability in terms of small error probabilities, then Tabulation-1Permutation is significantly faster.
Opinion paper on the systematic application of integrated bioinformatic tools to actuate routine precision medicine in poly-treated patients
Authors: Borro Marina , Salerno Gerardo , Gentile Giovanna , Simmaco Maurizio
Published: January 2023

Precision Medicine is a reality in selected medical areas, as oncology, or in excellent healthcare structures, but it is still far to reach million patients who could benefit from this medical concept. Here, we sought to highlight how the time is ripe to achieve horizontal delivery to a significant larger audience of patients, represented by the poly-treated patients. Combination therapies are frequent (especially in the elderly, to treat comorbidities) and are related to decreased drug safety and efficacy, disease’s exacerbation, additional treatments, hospitalization. But the recent development and validation of bioinformatic tools, aimed to automatic evaluation and optimization of poly-therapies, according to the unique individual characteristics (including genotype), is ready to change the daily approach to pharmacological prescription.
A feasibility study on the clinical use of noninvasive tibial nerve stimulation towards neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injured individuals
Authors: Tancredo Janaina , Selegatto Ivan , Dancona Carlos Arturo , Junior Alberto Cliquet
Published: January 2023

This research assesses the effect of tibial nerve electrical stimulation on urinary incontinence in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) being a prospective noncontrolled intervention study. 8 individuals with SCI were recruited from the outpatient clinic. This study demonstrates results of tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) applied to the tibial nerves for 12 weeks. Two questionnaires were applied (Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score-NBSS and Qualiveen- SF) and presented a tendency to improve symptoms and quality of life, however, without statistical significance. With the urodynamic data: maximum cystometric capacity increased with a mean of 285.6 ml pre, to 314.8 ml post TNS (P-Value: 0.554); compliance increased from 26.38ml/cmH2O pre TNS to 29.88ml/cmH2O post TNS (PValue: 0.461); detrusor hyperactivity in the filling phase occurred in all patients in the pre TNS assessment; the maximum amplitude of the detrusor pressure in mean detrusor overactivity after TNS increased from 62.0 to 66.6 cmH2 (PValue: 0.674); urinary leakage pressure during detrusor overactivity pre TNS were mean of 54.0 and 53.2 after (PValue: 1). The implications for rehabilitation practice and the positive effects of TNS are fundamental to improving the quality of life and reducing urinary incontinence on these individuals. Clinical outcomes, i.e., improvement on urinary incontinence can be achieved within a short period of intervention.
Exploring methods for targeted activation of the sympathetic nervous system without exercise
Authors: Ostermeier Marie , Schmoll Martin
Published: January 2023

When using functional electrical stimulation (FES) for cycling in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) during FES-cycling, a rapid onset of muscular fatigue can be observed. Among other reasons, missing neural feedback from the lower extremities might be responsible for a reduced sympathetic response during stimulation. Therefore, this project explores different methods to activate the sympathetic nervous system to increase the heart rate to allow better blood circulation and oxygenation in the working muscles. Six techniques were selected to be tested on 10 healthy participants in the context of pilot measurements. Those were the cold pressor test with both hands, a virtual reality roller-coaster ride, the hot water immersion test with two hands, the Wim Hof breathing method, the Valsalva manoeuvre and the ingestion of Capsaicin through Prik Jinda chilli peppers. The results showed a significant increase in average as well as peak heart rate during all methods performed. From baselines of around 68±1.3 bpm, the strongest increases in both parameters were found for the Valsalva manoeuvre (to 118±20.9 bpm peak, 91±14.2 bpm average), the Wim Hof breathing method (to 112±13.5 bpm peak, 86±11.8 bpm average) and Capsaicin ingestion (to 103±18.9 bpm peak, 80±16.7 bpm average). The methods as they were performed in this project, are not all directly applicable to FES-Cycling but rather serve as exploration how efficiently which stimuli can increase the heart rate. In future research, adaptation or combination of techniques might help to increase performance during FES-Cycling.
Clinical outcomes of neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied to different neurological levels of spinal cord injuries: a pilot study
Authors: Silvestre Orcizo Francisco , Bittar Cintia Kelly , Yaly Aoki Rodrigo Kenji , Zuchatti Bruna Valentina , Ramello Danielly Caroline de Souza , Derycke Sofia de Siervi , Alves Carla Fakih , Buratti Mascarenhas Mariana , Junior Alberto Cliquet
Published: January 2023

Electrical stimulation is a tool that has been used in various ways in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injuries. Surface i.e. electromyography is an effective method for assessing the many conditions in which the patient is. Objective:To evaluate the benefits through neuromuscular electrostimulation in patients with spinal cord injury and possible neuroplasticity gain observed in electromyography. Method:This is a pilot study on the evolution of clinical cases of different neurological levels of spinal cord injury. Conclusion:It was observed that the spinal cord injured patients analyzed in this preliminary study showed possible gain in neuroplasticity.
Electrical imaging of axonal stimulation in the retina
Authors: Corna Andrea , Lausen Timo , Thewes Roland , Zeck Günther
Published: January 2023

Stimulation of axons or its avoidance plays a central role for neuroprosthetics and neural-interfaces research. One peculiar example constitutes retinal implants. Retinal implants aim to artificially activate retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) via electrical stimulation. Such stimulation, however, often generates undesired stimulation of RGC axon bundles, which leads to distorted visual percepts. In order to establish stimulation strategies avoiding axonal stimulation it is necessary to image the evoked activity in single axons. In this work we electrically imaged axonal stimulation in ex vivo mouse retina using a high-density CMOS-based microelectrode array. We demonstrate signal propagation tracking via stimulus triggered average during high frequency (100 Hz) sinusoidal electrical stimulation.
SmartStim: A Recurrent Neural Network Assisted Adaptive Functional Electrical Stimulation for Walking
Authors: Nandakumar Varshini , Swain Ian , Taylor Paul , Merson Earl , Budka Marcin
Published: January 2023

According to the Neuro Patience report of the Neurological Alliance, 1 in 6 people in the UK has a neurological condition. With the growth in technology, rehabilitation for neurological problems is one of the fastgrowing fields. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is one of those neuro-rehabilitation methods that uses electrical nerve stimulation to restore functional muscle movements that are lost due to neurological problems such as stroke and multiple sclerosis. This neuroprosthetic device is frequently used to assist walking by treating a condition called Drop Foot, a result of paralysis of the pretibial muscles. This study proposes a two-channel FES device called the SmartStim, which has the ability to modulate its stimulation levels according to various obstacles such as stairs and ramps. This system employs a sensor-based module with a Recurrent Neural Network to classify these different walking scenarios. The module is built with Inertial Measurement sensors embedded in a pair of shoes, and the Recurrent Neural Network uses data from these sensors to predict various obstacles as the user is walking. These predictions are then used by a Fuzzy Logic Controller to control and regulate the stimulation current in two channels of the SmartStim system. In the two channels of the system, one channel will help aid with drop foot, while the other will be used to stimulate another muscle group to help access stairs and ramps by the user. The Recurrent Neural Network module in this system has been trained and tested using the k-fold cross-validation. The evaluation of this trained model shows that it can predict obstacles from sensor data at 97 percent accuracy. Currently, further testing is being performed to assess the workings of the fuzzy logic controller in combination with the Recurrent Neural Network in healthy individuals. It is expected that the SmartStim system may aid users in accessing various walking scenarios more efficiently.
Properties of sodium molybdate-based compound corrosion inhibitor for hot-dip galvanized steel in marine environment
Authors: Xu Zhenkai , Chen Lian , Han Jingliang , Zhu Chengfei
Published: January 2023

Sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) was selected as the corrosion inhibitor, compounded with benzimidazole, in order to prolong the service life of the hot-dip galvanized steel (HDGS) in the marine environment in this article. XRD, SEM/FESEM and EDS were used to characterize the micro-morphology and elemental composition of HDGS. Immersion corrosion test, Tafel polarization and EIS test were carried out to study the effect of compound inhibitor on the corrosion resistance of HDGS in the marine environment. The best proportion of compound inhibitor was added to the self-made waterborne polyurethane coating (WPUC), aiming to evaluate its influence on the coating performance in the marine environment by immersion corrosion test and EIS test. The results showed that Na2MoO4, as a passivation type corrosion inhibitor, bounded Zn at the active sites of HDGS coupons and created structural defects. Benzimidazole, as an adsorption type corrosion inhibitor, was attracted by electricity and adsorbed at the structural defects. Under the premise of 1 wt% total content, the optimal ratio of Na2MoO4 & benzimidazole was 9:1 and the corrosion inhibition efficiency was 99.62%. The corrosion current density of HDGS in the simulated seawater with compound inhibitor was 5.650 × 10−8 A/cm2, while that of HDGS in the simulated seawater without compound inhibitor was 1.483 × 10−5 A/cm2. The WPUC containing compound inhibitor had a small decrease in corrosion resistance due to defects created by doping at the beginning of immersion, then the compound inhibitor would play an active role in the corrosion process to make more than double the service life of WPUC.
Crude extract from Euphorbia prostrata extended curative period of glibenclemide in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Parvez Mohammad , Hussain Farrukh , Khan Murad
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Euphorbia prostrata is traditionally used alongside antidiabetic agents to manage diabetes. Bioactive ingredients of medicinal herbs may alter the overall pharmacokinetics of antidiabetic agents.

Methods

We assessed hypoglycemic activities of ethanolic plant extract (EPE) singly and its effects on antidiabetic properties of gliclazide, glibenclemide and metformin in allaxonized rats. Varying concentrations of EPE (250 and 500 mg/kg) with or without metformin (10 mg/kg), glibenclemide (2 mg/kg) and gliclazide (5 mg/kg) were orally administered to evaluate herb-drug interaction.

Results

The levels of blood glucose declined significantly after treatment with metformin, glibenclemide and gliclazide singly (p<0.01) or concomitantly with EPE (p<0.001). Concentration dependent mild to moderate reduction (5.2 and 10.0%) was registered in blood glucose for 250 and 500 mg/kg of EPE respectively. The overall reduction in blood glucose due to combined treatment with EPE and standard agents was additive. On the other hand, synergistic herb-drug interaction was registered for insulin levels in rats that received glibenclamide and gliclazide alongside EPE. Extract with metformin had antagonistic insulin outcome. Regarding the duration of hypoglycemic activities, periodical changes were similar in case of glibenclamide and gliclazide separately or in combination with EPE. However, in case of metformin with extract, the blood glucose continued to decline for 14 h and retained at 15.0% below the baseline values even after 24 h of treatment.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the extract itself had weak hypoglycemic effects but prolonged the therapeutic duration of metformin to more than 24 h when administered combinedly.
Evaluation of serum telomerase activity in normal-weight young girls with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic parameters
Authors: Unlu Cemal , Guney Gurhan , Tugrul Ersak Duygu , Kosem Arzu , Tarlan Nurten , Tokmak Aytekin
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This study investigated the discriminative value of serum telomerase levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its relation to metabolic parameters.

Methods

Patients aged 16–23 years old who visited an adolescent outpatient clinic were included in the study. Our study consisted of 45 non-obese girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while our control group consisted of 45 healthy girls with normal menstrual cycles and no signs of hyperandrogenism. During the early follicular phase, all individuals were analyzed for serum telomerase levels, blood cell count, biochemical parameters, basal hormone levels, lipid profile and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.

Results

Serum telomerase levels in PCOS patients were considerably lower (80.0 ± 52.8 IU/mL) than in the controls (113.1 ± 54.9 IU/mL) (p=0.004). We observed that blood telomerase levels less than 108.6 distinguished PCOS group from healthy controls with a sensitivity of 73.33% and a specificity of 57.78%. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR index, Ferriman–Gallwey score and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate values were higher in the study group. Moreover, serum telomerase levels were inversely correlated with body mass index (r=−0.339, p=0.023) and triglycerides (r=−0.511, p=0.002) in this group. Telomerase levels were also considerably lower in patients with metabolic syndrome (p=0.005).

Conclusions

Serum telomerase activity is lower in PCOS patients than in healthy controls. Furthermore, decreased serum telomerase levels may correlate well with the metabolic complications of PCOS.
Ambience and nature in travel writing: An ecostylistic study ofThe Old Patagonian ExpressandEastward to Tartary
Authors: Alarcón-Hermosilla Salvador
Published: January 2023

The present paper explores descriptions of natural landscapes excerpted from two travel books, namely,The Old Patagonian Express: By Train through the Americas, by Paul Theroux, andEastward to Tartary: Travels in the Balkans, the Middle East and the Caucasus, by Robert D. Kaplan. The paper aims at analyzing how certain linguistic choices in a given stretch of text conspire to construe the ambience of descriptive passages of natural landscapes in travel writing. This will be carried out by combining insights from Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and Frame Semantics (FS). I will be focusing on the ambience of the natural depictions, that is, the sense of the natural world evoked in the reader’s mind by the language of the text. This will be dealt with by examining the lexical choices made by both authors, paying special attention to the adjectives. The excerpts under investigation have been selected since the descriptive language in them evokes frames and conceptual domains, which, in turn, yield a series of metaphors. These metaphors summarize the tone of the travel books, that is, the authorial texture and, especially, the ideological stance of the authors. Paul Theroux displays a more empathetic approach to the surrounding nature and its people, whereas Robert D. Kaplan adopts a more distant, analytical stance.
Data transmission mechanism of vehicle networking based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Zhang Hongtao , Zhang Liancheng , Guo Yi , Wang Zhenxing
Published: January 2023

Because the communication link connection in the Internet of Vehicles is transient and intermittent, the established connection may be disconnected at any time, which cannot meet the requirements of the data transmission of the Internet of Vehicles. Therefore, based on the traditional data transmission mechanism, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to achieve the optimal design of the data transmission mechanism of the Internet of Vehicles. First, according to the operation mechanism of the Internet of Vehicles build the Internet of Vehicles model. Then in this model, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to analyze the data transmission characteristics of the Internet of Vehicles, and the characteristics evaluation results of data transmission are obtained. Finally, set the data transmission protocol of the Internet of Vehicles, select the appropriate data transmission path, allocate the data transmission load, and realize the data transmission of the Internet of Vehicles. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional data transmission mechanism of the Internet of Vehicles, the speed of the designed transmission mechanism is increased by 3.58 MB/s, and the packet loss rate is reduced by 41%.
Bio-inspired building blocks for all-organic metamaterials from visible to near-infrared
Authors: Holder Samuel Thomas , Estévez-Varela Carla , Pastoriza-Santos Isabel , Lopez-Garcia Martin , Oulton Ruth , Núñez-Sánchez Sara
Published: January 2023

Light-harvesting complexes in natural photosynthetic systems, such as those in purple bacteria, consist of photo-reactive chromophores embedded in densely packed “antenna” systems organized in well-defined nanostructures. In the case of purple bacteria, the chromophore antennas are composed of natural J-aggregates such as bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids. Inspired by the molecular composition of such biological systems, we create a library of organic materials composed of densely packed J-aggregates in a polymeric matrix, in which the matrix mimics the optical role of a protein scaffold. This library of organic materials shows polaritonic properties which can be tuned from the visible to the infrared by choice of the model molecule. Inspired by the molecular architecture of the light-harvesting complexes of Rhodospirillum molischianum bacteria, we study the light–matter interactions of J-aggregate-based nanorings with similar dimensions to the analogous natural nanoscale architectures. Electromagnetic simulations show that these nanorings of J-aggregates can act as resonators, with subwavelength confinement of light while concentrating the electric field in specific regions. These results open the door to bio-inspired building blocks for metamaterials from visible to infrared in an all-organic platform, while offering a new perspective on light–matter interactions at the nanoscale in densely packed organic matter in biological organisms including photosynthetic organelles.
Packaging Global Warming Products: The CIS Strategy as a Driver of Gen Z’s Satisfaction and Loyalty
Authors: Antoniades Nicos
Published: January 2023

Social marketing is all about creating, communicating, and delivering value to selected target markets; this value benefits society via the solution of major issues such as public health, safety, the environment, etc. Sadly, it seems that political mismanagement has created long-lasting or permanent ecological damage, a major public issue. Ecological environment issues impact future generations and humankind’s quality of life. This study aims to answer a crucial question: What do the political players due to help solve this problem? According to The CIS Model1, a government, a political party, or a politician not only need to create a political product (idea/proposal) but also needs to inform people about the product and support it. Given that The CIS Model is new, no studies were found to examine how a government can use The CIS Model as a strategy to advance Global Warming solutions for the benefit of the young generation (Generation Z). A sample of 205 adults aged 18–25 (Generation Z) from the USA, Europe, Asia, and Africa participated in the current study. According to the results of this study, the more a government uses The CIS Strategy to package global warming products, the higher Generation Z’s satisfaction (SFC), and the higher Generation Z’s loyalty to the government (LYT). The current study provides managerial implications and directions for future research.
Stance construction via that-clauses in telecommunications research articles: a comparison of L1 and L2 expert writers
Authors: Wu Juanjuan , Pan Fan
Published: January 2023

Given the unsettled debate about the role of nativeness and/or expertise in academic writing, we compared the first language (L1)-English expert writers and the Second language (L2)-English (Chinese L1) expert writers with a similar expertise level in the use of stance complement that-clauses. For our analysis, we selected equal numbers of published research articles written by the L1 and the L2 experts in the field of Telecommunications. We found considerable differences between the two groups of writers in terms of frequency, range, and semantic classes of words controlling that-clauses. First, although both the L1 experts and the L2 experts overwhelmingly used verb + that-clauses, they demonstrated relatively different syntactic preferences for stance construction. The L2 experts used more verb + that-clauses than the L1 experts, while the L1 experts utilized more noun + that-clauses. Second, the L2 experts were more likely to express greater certainty towards the claims in that-clauses than the L1 experts. Third, the L2 experts employed a narrower range of words controlling that-clauses than the L1 experts in all the semantic classes. These findings suggest that the nativeness status of academic writers still influences their use of evaluative that-clauses even at an advanced level.