bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation De L’efficacité De Fongicides Au Laboratoire Contre Corynespora Cassiicola, Agent Causal De La Maladie « Corynespora Leaf Fall » De L’hévéa En Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Prosper Yao Kouakou Alban , Jean Wahounou Polié , Hortense Diallo Atta
Published: July 2018

Corynespora leaf fall disease (CLFD) caused by Corynespora cassiicola is increasingly a major problem for the development of rubber production in Côte d'Ivoire. In the search for solutions to this problem, the efficacy of 11 fungicides (Azoxystrobin, Carbendazime + Chlorothalonil, Carbendazime, Chlorothalonil, Difenoconazole, Fosetyl-Aluminum, Iprodione, Mancozeb, Metalaxyl + Copper Oxide, Pyraclostrobin + Fenpropimorph, Triadimefon) was laboratory tested against an isolate of C. cassiicola. The results of this test showed a high level of efficacy of four fungicides, Iprodione, Carbendazime + Chlorothalonil, Carbendazim and Pyraclostrobin + Fenpropimorph. The use of these four fungicides formulations in mature plantation would be well indicated, to overcome this foliar pathology.
Elemental Study of Bangladeshi Fish Samples Using PIGE Technique
Authors: Fahad S. M. , Abedin Md. Joynal , Rahman Md. Obaidur , Rony Md. Abdullah Al , Ahamed F. A. Sabbir , Hoq M. Ajijul
Published: July 2018

Proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) method has been developed at the Accelerator Laboratory of Atomic Energy Center, Dhaka (AECD) for the investigation of various human health related specimens. In the present study PIGE analytical technique has been used for the determination of numerous trace elements in some commonly used fish samples which were collected from Islampur area at Savar. During the experimental work the γrays emitted from the prepared fish samples were measured using a Highpurity Germenium (HPGe) detector. The detected 18 elements were Iron, Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Potassium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Bromine, Rubidium, Strontium, Cadmium, Iodine, Lead etc. The objective of this study was to measure the concentrations of these trace elements in the collected fish samples and to investigate whether their concentrations are harmful for human health by comparison with limits set by WHO/FAO. The results obtained indicate that Fe, K and Ca concentrations were relatively high in all samples as compared with the other elements. The measured elemental concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr and V in all fish samples were found to be above the WHO/FAO recommended limits.
Anatomie Et Histologie De L’hépatopancréas Chez La Femelle Du Poisson, Chloroscombrus Chrysurusde Linnaeus, 1766 (Carangidae) En Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Miessan Jean-Jacques , D’almeida Marie-Anne , Kouassi Komenan Daouda , Yao Sylvain , N’douba Valentin , Gnahoue Goueh
Published: July 2018

Chloroscombrus chrysurus is a pelagic fish species that belongs to the Carangidae family. It has a fairly high level of exploitation in Côte d'Ivoire. This paper focuses on the study of the maturity scale, the differentiation, and the histology of hepatopancreas. The methodological approach consisted of a macroscopic description of the hepatopancreas according to the six stages of sexual maturity. The microscopic study consisted of fixing the hepatopancreas, dehydrating them, impregnating them, including them, and making the sections that will be stained for optical microscopic observation. Macroscopic analysis has established six stages of sexual maturity in the species during which the growth and differentiation of hepatopancreas occur. From the juvenile to the adult stage, the size and color of the hepatopancreas vary. On the other hand, its aspect and shape remain unchanged. The hepatopancreas consists of two unequal lobes. The left hepatic lobe is always more developed than the right. On the microscopical level, among the female gender, the hepatopancreas is a mixed organ which constituted the hepatic parenchyme and pancreas. The pancreas differs in the hepatic parenchyma which is composed mainly of polygonal hepatocytes and blood vessels. The hepatocytes are arranged in sinusoidal cords around the capillaries. The pancreas is composed of islets of Langerhans (endocrine pancreas) and serous acini Pancreatic (exocrine pancreas). Both structures progressively invade the hepatic parenchyma. The hepatopancreas is an essential organ in the physiology of fish.
Pratiques Paysannes De Production Durable Des Graines De Voandzou [Vigna Subterranea (L.) Verdc.] Pour La Sécurité Alimentaire Dans Le Cameroun Septentrional
Authors: Chantal Madou , Djakissam Watching , Jeremie Vatsou , Fatime Ardjoune , Robert Ndjouenkeu , Augustin Goudoum , Benoit Ngassoum Martin , Leonard Ngamo Tinkeu Simon
Published: July 2018

Bambara groundnut is a leguminous plant with high nutritive value of Sub Saharan Africa. In spite of its high potential in alimentation, the Bambara groundnut is less popularized. This crop grows on acid, dry and less fertile soils and may therefore be a resilient crop in the context of climatic variability. The present work aims to identify of all the morphotypes of this culture and the usual tools of conservation of its seeds during the storage process. Investigations carried out during 3 agricultural campaigns showed that women more than 40 years old represents more than 98% of producers of Bambara groundnuts in northern Cameroon. The production concerns 54 morphotypes use as food or as medicinal plants. During storage of grains of this legumes, the major pest is the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae). Under traditional production way, the limitation of the postharvest losses due to this pest is done either by the use of 21 local plants as botanical insecticide or by the use of 25 industrial chemical pesticides.
A comparison of mathematics questions in Turkish and Canadian school textbooks in terms of synthesized taxonomy
Authors: Kul Ümit , Sevimli Eyüp , Aksu Zeki
Published: July 2018

The present study offers a comparative analysis of mathematics questions placed in Turkish and Canadian school textbooks in terms of cognitive process and knowledge dimension as well as the question types. In order to get the required data, eight textbooks were analyzed respectively. Document analysis was conducted to collect the data from these textbooks. In order to compare the differences and similarities between the questions found in these textbooks as well as their levels of cognitive learning, these questions were analyzed and classified according to the types of cognitive processes and knowledge dimensions they address. Mathematics questions existing in Turkish and Canadian textbooks showed a similar tendency in terms of cognitive learning domain. However, compared to the Turkish textbooks, it was found that the questions provided in the Canadian textbooks contained more constructed response questions that required higher-order cognitive abilities. It is recommended that the number of higher order thinking questions should be increased in accordance with international examinations.
Social Presence in Massive Open Online Courses
Authors: Poquet Oleksandra , Kovanović Vitomir , De Vries Pieter , Hennis Thieme , Joksimović Srećko , Gašević Dragan , Dawson Shane
Published: July 2018

The capacity to foster interpersonal interactions in massive open online courses (MOOCs) has frequently been contested, particularly when learner interactions are limited to MOOC forums. The establishment of social presence—a perceived sense of somebody being present and “real”—is among the strategies to tackle the challenges of online learning and could be applied in MOOCs. Thus far, social presence in MOOCs has been under-researched. Studies that previously examined social presence in MOOCs did not account for the peculiar nature of open online learning. In contrast to the existing work, this study seeks to understand how learners perceive social presence, and the different nuances of social presence in diverse MOOC populations. In particular, we compare perceptions of social presence across the groups of learners with different patterns of forum participation in three edX MOOCs. The findings reveal substantial differences in how learners with varying forum activity perceive social presence. Perceptions of social presence also differed in courses with the varying volume of forum interaction and duration. Finally, learners with sustained forum activity generally reported higher social presence scores that included low affectivity and strong group cohesion perceptions. With this in mind, this study is significant because of the insights into brings to the current body of knowledge around social presence in MOOCs. The study’s findings also raise questions about the effectiveness of transferring existing socio-constructivist constructs into the MOOC contexts.
Adoption of Sharing and Reuse of Open Resources by Educators in Higher Education Institutions in the Netherlands: A Qualitative Research of Practices, Motives, and Conditions
Authors: Schuwer Robert , Janssen Ben
Published: July 2018

To find out what is needed to speed up the adoption of open sharing and reuse of learning materials and open online courses in publicly funded Dutch institutions of Higher Education, a qualitative research study was conducted in fall 2016. This study examined issues of willingness of educators and management, barriers and enablers of adoption, and the role of institutional and national policy in the adoption of open sharing and reuse of learning materials and online courses. Fifty-five stakeholders (educators, board members, and support staff) in 10 Dutch Higher Education Institutions were interviewed. The main findings of this study are: motivation for sharing and reuse of learning materials for educators and managers is directly related to the ambition to achieve better education for students; sharing and reuse of learning materials is common practice, very diverse and not open accessible for the whole world, and important barriers include lack of awareness of opportunities for open sharing and reuse and lack of time. Based on the findings from the interviews, the last section of this paper presents conclusions and recommendations regarding how Dutch institutions for Higher Education can formulate effective policies to raise awareness, organize adequate support and provide time to experiment.
The Impact of the Flipped Classroom Model on Students' Academic Achievement
Authors: Cabı Emine
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study is twofold. First, it aims to investigate the impact of the Flipped Classroom (FC) Model on students’ academic achievement. Second, it reveals the students’ opinions about the model itself. For four weeks, the students in the experimental group were taught in a blended learning context where the FC Model was applied, while the lessons in the control group were carried out through traditional blended learning. Both groups were administered a test before and after the Flipped Classroom sessions. To analyze the data, a two-way ANOVA for Mixed Measures was conducted to compare the means of test scores of each group. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the scores of the two groups. Coming to classes prepared and completing the assignments in class, so that students did not need to do assignments at home, were among the positive aspects of the FC Model. The problems encountered in this model, however, are categorized under three main titles: Motivation, Content, and Learning. At the end of the study, the advantages and disadvantages of the FC Model are identified in accordance with the participants’ opinions, and necessary suggestions made.
Teaching Massive, Open, Online, Courses (MOOCs): Tales from the Front Line
Authors: Lowenthal Patrick , Snelson Chareen , Perkins Ross
Published: July 2018

Very little research has been conducted about what it is like to teach a MOOC. Given this, a mixed methods study, involving a survey of 186 MOOC instructors and 15 follow-up interviews, was conducted to explore the motivation, experiences, and perceptions of instructors who have taught massive open online courses. Findings indicate that instructors were motivated to teach MOOCs for three main reasons: (1) interest and passion, (2) publicity and marketing, or (3) benefits and incentives. Most instructors had little online teaching experience prior to teaching their first MOOC, but were satisfied with the experience. The majority believed their own MOOC provided a high quality learning experience but thought that MOOCs overall might not be as good as face-to-face courses. Concerns were raised about the future of MOOCs for online learning.
Understanding Student Engagement in Large-Scale Open Online Courses: A Machine Learning Facilitated Analysis of Student’s Reflections in 18 Highly Rated MOOCs
Authors: Hew Khe Foon , Qiao Chen , Tang Ying
Published: July 2018

Although massive open online courses (MOOCs) have attracted much worldwide attention, scholars still understand little about the specific elements that students find engaging in these large open courses. This study offers a new original contribution by using a machine learning classifier to analyze 24,612 reflective sentences posted by 5,884 students, who participated in one or more of 18 highly rated MOOCs. Highly rated MOOCs were sampled because they exemplify good practices or teaching strategies. We selected highly rated MOOCs from Coursetalk, an open user-driven aggregator and discovery website that allows students to search and review various MOOCs. We defined a highly rated MOOC as a free online course that received an overall five-star course quality rating, and received at least 50 reviews from different learners within a specific subject area. We described six specific themes found across the entire data corpus: (a) structure and pace, (b) video, (c) instructor, (d) content and resources, (e) interaction and support, and (f) assignment and assessment. The findings of this study provide valuable insight into factors that students find engaging in large-scale open online courses.
Open Educational Resources: Challenges and Opportunities in Indian Primary Education
Authors: Ganapathi Janani
Published: July 2018

Education is a fundamental human right, yet one fifth of the world’s population lives with poor literacy. India is home to the largest number of illiterate people, with infrastructural, cultural, and socio-economic factors hindering equitable access to quality education. Due to the rapidly growing technology and Internet usage in the country, open educational resources (OER) are increasingly being used as a vital tool to help transcend barriers to child literacy, also aiding in educational attainment. While an array of scholarly works provides evidence of the potential in OER to influence higher education outcomes in developing nations, academic analysis of their impact on primary level education attainment has been minimal. This paper retrieve lessons from three children’s content providing organizations to understand the opportunities and challenges of OER in primary-level education in developing nations with similar cultural, infrastructural, and socio-economic issues. While the findings of this study suggest that the use of OER allows for greater distribution and scale across different cultural and linguistic settings, particularly in rural and remote regions, they also warn against the adaptation and pedagogical barriers of OER into societies where traditional modes of education are established and trusted.
Indonesian Marriage Law Reform: The Way To Strengthen The Protection of Children’s Rights Against Child Marriage
Authors: Prameswari Zendy Wulan Ayu Widhi , Agustin Erni
Published: July 2018

The Act Number 1 Year 1974 on Marriage stipulates the minimum ages requirement to enter into a marriage, which are 19 years for men and 16 years for women. It is expected that at that ages, each party has a mature soul and physic to enter into a marriage life. However, it is possible for those who have not reached the age to enter into marriage if there is a dispensation granted by the courts or other official designated by the parents of each party in the marriage. In 2012, a judicial review was filed to the Constitutional Court against the provisions of the minimum age limit in the Act Number 1 Year 1974 on Marriage to raise the limit of minimum age for women from 16 to 18 years. However, the Constitutional Court considered the provisions is constitutional. Then in 2017, the same provision of Marriage Law is submitted for the second time by different applicant to be reviewed again by the Constitutional Court. On the other hand, Indonesia has participated in the formulation of a variety of international human rights instruments which have an impact on children, and is a party to a number of them, including the CRC and the CEDAW. This paper elaborates the stipulation on minimum age requirement to enter into marriage and the conformity of Indonesian Marriage Act  to the principles and provisions on the international human rights instruments.

 

Keywords: Child Marriage, Children’s Rights, Indonesian Marriage Law, Minimum Ages
Asian Values and Human Rights: A Vietnamese Perspective
Authors: Huong Ngo Thi Minh , Vu Giao Cong , Nguyen Tam Minh
Published: July 2018

This paper examines the impact of the ideology of ‘Asian Values' on the legal norms and practices that frame the recognition and protection of human rights in Vietnam. Specifically, the paper focusses on the extent to which Asian Values has been deployed to discourage the adoption of international human rights norms and practices in the context of Vietnam’s rapid economic development since the mid- 1980s. The paper first sketches the adoption of Asian Values in Vietnam’s politics and society. Cultural and political factors that have shaped the conception of human rights are reviewed. Human rights language and norms, as manifest in political ideologies, policies and laws are then analysed, with particular reference to the different versions of Vietnam’s Constitution. It is shown that both the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) and the State of Vietnam have clearly articulated Asian Values in formulating their conceptions of human rights. This outcome is argued to result from the fact that Vietnamese political leaders, alike with Lee Kwan Yew in Singapore, the progenitor of Asian Rights, have been strongly influenced by Confucian ideals of governance. Confucianism is not, however, the only basis for political ideas in Vietnam. Although Vietnam is a market economy it remains a one- party state  controlled  by  the  CPV.  The  Marxist-Leninist  principles  on  which the current State of Vietnam was based at its inception in 1975 remain intact. This ideology was however layered onto generations of collectivist principles embodied in the dominant agrarian society. The influence of Asian Values, on the recognition of and support for human rights in Vietnam has, however, been largely negative rather than positive, especially in relation to recognising civil and political rights as codified in universal human rights instruments. Thus, the protection and promotion of human rights in Vietnam, going forward, essentially mandates eliminating the influence of Asian Values in the ideology of political leaders and in the wider society.

Key words: Human rights, Asian Values, democracy, constitution, Communist Party, Vietnam
Seven Elements of Leadership: An Easy-to-Implement Guide for Leaders?
Authors: Stewart Laura
Published: July 2018

A Review of Douglas Reeves’ From Leading to Succeeding: The Seven Elements of Effective Leadership in Education.
Redes de Empresas e Technology Roadmapping: Possibilidade de Conciliação para uma Gestão Estratégica
Authors: Antunes Luiz Guilherme Rodrigues , Souza Thais Assis de , Castro Cléber Carvalho de
Published: July 2018

Apresentando-se como uma estrutura complexa de interações, as redes interorganizacionais devem ser gerenciadas estrategicamente de forma a controlar variáveis dos negócios que influenciam no desempenho. Como uma ferramenta de apoio ao planejamento estratégico, o technology roadmapping (TRM), a partir de estruturação de roteiros baseados em tempo, objetivos e divisão de atividades por linhas setoriais de ação, capacita a gestão a reconhecer especificidades e traçar metas que alinhem objetivos estratégicos à disponibilidade tecnológica. Porém, como o technology roadmap pode ser associado com a gestão das redes de empresas? Como esta ferramenta pode ser utilizada a favor dessas configurações? Essas perguntas norteiam este ensaio teórico. Afim de responde-las, definiu-se como objetivo do presente artigo evidenciar a relação entre redes de empresa e technology roadmapping de forma a apresentar conciliações que facilitem e estimulem novos trabalhos no campo com foco em planejamento estratégico de redes interorganizacionais. Com intuito de complementar as evidências teóricas, também foi desenvolvido uma revisão de escopo sobre as temáticas afim de ressaltar a importância da aplicação do instrumento neste contexto.
Rotular não é Preciso! Reflexões sobre a Dicotomia “Qualitativo-Quantitativo” em Administração/Gestão
Authors: Abdalla Márcio Moutinho , Garcia Vanessa Da Silva , Guabiroba Ricardo César da Silva
Published: July 2018

Editorial
Evaluación y relevancia del magnesio sérico en pacientes adultos incidentes a la sala de emergencia de un hospital general de Lima, Perú
Authors: Cieza Zevallos Javier Antonio , Agurto García Camilla Sofía , Gayoso Liviac Diego Danilo
Published: July 2018

Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia y características de las alteraciones del magnesio sérico en pacientes que acuden a la sala de emergencia de un hospital nacional de Lima del Ministerio de Salud del Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo con muestreo accidental de 180 pacientes adultos admitidos para observación intrahospitalaria u hospitalización en el área de medicina. Se registraron sus datos al momento de la admisión. Se realizó un análisis univariado para definir las variables asociadas a las alteraciones del magnesio y finalmente se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión logística binaria. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el paquete SPSS V18.0. Resultados: Hipomagnesemia estuvo presente en el 16,4% de la muestra estudiada y la hipermagnesemia en el 18%. Se encontró relación entre algunas de las variables estudiadas y los diferentes niveles de magnesio sérico (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Las alteraciones séricas del magnesio no son infrecuentes y es importante incorporar formas de medir la situación del magnesio corporal en forma más precisa, además considerar su asociación con la función renal en pacientes con disfunción severa.
Eficacia de la embolización de las arterias prostáticas en el tratamiento de los síntomas del tracto urinario bajo asociados a hiperplasia benigna de la próstata. Reporte preliminar
Authors: Zegarra-Montes Luis , Araujo-Almeyda Gustavo , Sócola-Kcomt María , Sánchez-Chipana Roberto , Trelles De Belaunde Miguel , Ramírez Cotrina César , Loza Munarriz César , Murillo-Canales Carlos , Pari Bravo Marleni
Published: July 2018

Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia de la embolización de las arterias prostáticas en el tratamiento de los pacientes con síntomas del tracto urinario bajo asociados a hiperplasia prostática benigna.Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, tipo reporte de casos, prospectivo. Se realizó embolización de arterias prostáticas (EAP) a 10 pacientes, 7 de los cuales tenían síntomas del tracto urinario bajo asociado a hiperplasia benigna de próstata (STUB/HBP) moderados y severos, refractarios a tratamiento médico durante 6 meses y 3 portadores de sonda vesical permanente; la edad promedio fue 69,4 ± 8,04 años. Se evaluaron a los pacientes antes de la EAP (tiempo 0), y a los meses 1, 3 y 6; el éxito se valoró por: disminución del volumen de la próstata (VP): >10%, mejora del puntaje internacional de síntomas prostáticos (IPSS), flujo urinario máximo (Qmáx):>15 ml/seg, índice internacional de función eréctil (IIEF)sin variación o aumento en 10%,disminución del residuo post-miccional (RPM)>20% y efectos adversos: ≤2 eventos. Resultados: La EAP fue técnicamente exitosa en el 100% de pacientes. Las tasas de éxito clínico al mes 6 fueron: Disminución del VP en 40% (p=0,0009), APE en 15% (p=0,0464) y el IPSS mejoró en 63% (p=0,0010). No hubo variaciones significativas en el IIEF-15 [reducción del puntaje en 12,1% (p=0,1157)], el Qmáx[se incrementó en 80% (p=0,1088)] y en la reducción del RPM [se redujo en 25% (p= 0,6177)]. No se presentó complicaciones mayores durante el estudio. Conclusiones: La EAP es una opción de tratamiento para mejorar los parámetros críticos de los STUB/HBP sin afectar la función sexual.
Cryptococcus neoformans en heces de palomas (Columba livia) en Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Huamán Ana , Béjar Vilma , Sáez Gloria , Guevara Jose , Sevilla Raul , Tapia Mario , Castillo Edith , Valencia Esther , Marocho Luis , Pareja Elizabeth , Romero Giuliana , Abanto Patricia
Published: July 2018

Objetivos: Investigar la presencia del hongo levaduriforme Cryptococcus neoformans en heces de palomas domésticas (Columba livia). Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en la ciudad de Lima-Perú. Se recolectaron 300 muestras de heces encontradas en los suelos de parques y hospitales. Además se tomó 30 muestras de las cloacas de algunas palomas capturadas. Resultados: Se aisló el hongo en 47 muestras de las que 7 correspondieron al Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans pero no se aisló el hongo en cloaca. Las 7 cepas aisladas tuvieron 100% de sensibilidad frente a Anfotericin B, Nistatina y Clotrimazol; además presentaron 100% de resistencia a Fluconazol e Itraconazol y 57% de resistencia a Ketoconazol. Conclusiones: Cryptococcus neoformans se encuentra presente en heces de palomas en Lima Metropolitana.
The Improvement of Student Competency in a Clinical Study in Indonesia: What Factors Played an Important Role?
Authors: Hadi Muhammad , Hamid Achir Yani S , Kamso Sudijanto , Sutoto Sutoto , Pratiknya Ahmad Watik , Nursalam Nursalam , Efendi Ferry
Published: July 2018

Background: The improvement of nursing student competency currently is still being an issue for the majority of nursing education institutions in Indonesia. This is due to partnership with hospitals has not been supported by adequate policies and other factors.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the appropriate model in improving student competency in a clinical study. Design used in this study was observational study with cross-sectional approach.Methods: The research design used cross-sectional approach with involving five hospitals (Fatmawati Jakarta Hospital, Hasan Sadikin Bandung Hospital, Kariadi Semarang Hospital, Sardjito Yogyakarta Hospital, Soetomo Surabaya Hospital) and five universities namely Muhammadiyah Jakarta University, Padjajaran Bandung University, Gadjah Mada Jogjakarta University, Diponegoro Semarang University,  Airlangga Surabaya University. Three hundred and eighty-four participants were recruited from these sites. Data were analyzed  using multiple logistic regression.Results: The result showed that partnership contributed 3,36 times, the patient variations 2,96 times, job description of clinical educator 2,30 times, a role model 2,28 times, expertise of faculty educator  2,08 times, toward the achievement of student competency in clinical study.Conclusions: It can be concluded that partnership aspect, the patient variation, job description of clinical educator, role model, expertise of faculty educator, and level of education have significant role to improve the achievement of student competency in clinical study. The results of this study can be used by nursing educational institutions, hospitals and government to organize nursing education model that has been present for more optimal achievement of student competencies.
Family Process with Breast Cancer Patient in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Sarah Kartika , Hermayanti Yanti , Yamin Ahmad , Efendi Ferry
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Breast cancer occupies the first position in Asia’s women cancer cases in recent years. Signs and symptoms experienced by the patient affect the stress condition of the patient as well as the family as a caregiver. The condition changes to deal with problems during patient assistance as a major problem in an outpatient setting. The demands of adaptation to through the needs during the period of assistance by the family is more complex. The study aimed to determine the experience of stress and adaptation of breast cancer patient’s family.Methods: The qualitative method used with in-depth interviews on seven respondents who were the family caregiver of breast cancer patients. Setting carried out at the shelter house in Bandung. The analysis process used thematic analysis based on Braun & Clarke.Results: The results found five main themes are: 1) Stressor on breast cancer patients, 2) Crisis fulfillment of companion needs, 3) Crisis accompaniment, 4) Coping mechanisms of caregiver, and 5) Ability in adaptation.Conclusion: Family experience in assisting breast cancer patients who undergo outpatient also impact families tension who traversed with a subjective effort optimally to adapt in accompanying patients and the needs of other resource support system. Suggestions for future step are early recognition of stress by health workers especially nurses to be able to provide targeted interventions to develop positive adaptation to clients. The development through research is needed in applying family center care both the outpatient and inpatient care in an integrated manner.
PEMBUKTIAN PENGANJUR DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN ANAK
Authors: Ulfa Irene
Published: July 2018

The doctrine of inclusion as a basis for expanding the crime can be criminalized by a person who is involved in the realization of a crime. Participation is regulated in Article 55, Article 56 of the Criminal Code and Article 57 of the Criminal Code which means that there are two or more persons who commit a crime. The inclusion of (deelneming) in positive law is that there are two or more persons who commit a crime or in the words of two or more persons participating in a criminal act may be mentioned that a person participates in relation to another person (provided for in Article 55 and 56 of the Criminal Code). In Article 55 paragraph 1 to 2 of the Criminal Code, the Concept of the Occupation can be categorized as those who give or promise something by misusing power or dignity, by violence, threat or misdirection, or by providing opportunities, means or information, deliberately encouraging others to do deeds. The participation of advocates on the crime of child killing can be subject to accountability that has been regulated as Article 343 of the Criminal Code. Article 55 and Article 56 of the Criminal Code there are four forms of participation: a). order to do; b). participate; c). advocates / moves others to do; d). help do or help to do.
Development of Guided Inquiry Based Work Sheet with Class and Laboratory Activity on Chemical Bonding Topic in Senior High School
Authors: Zammiluni Zammiluni , Ulianas Allizar , Mawardi Mawardi
Published: July 2018

This research produced a teaching material in the form Work Sheet (LKPD) based guided inquiry which involves 3 levels of chemical phenomena namely macroscopic, sub-microscopic and symbolic. The worksheet was created using Plomp model and using guided inquiry learning cycle consisting of orientation, exploration, concept formation, application, and closure. This LKPD has been tested validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The validity test gives the result of the kappa moment of 0.83 with the category of very high. Analysis of practicality in one-to-one, small group, and field test stage showed the value of 0.80, 0.76, and 0.70 with all three values in the high category. Effectiveness test seen from student’s learning outcome before and after using LKPD obtained gain score is 0.76 in the high category and average activity of students is 86.3% at every meeting. The results showed that, worksheet using the Plomp model which has been produced are valid, practical, and effective Keywords: Guided inquiry, chemical bonding, validity, practicality, effectiveness
Hysteretic Photochromic Switching (HPS) in Doubly Doped GaN(Mg):Eu—A Summary of Recent Results
Authors: Edwards Paul R. , O'Donnell Kevin P. , Singh Akhilesh K. , Cameron Douglas , Lorenz Katharina , Yamaga Mitsuo , Leach Jacob H. , Kappers Menno J. , Bockowski Michal
Published: July 2018

Europium is the most-studied and least-well-understood rare earth ion (REI) dopant in GaN. While attempting to increase the efficiency of red GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by implanting Eu+ into p-type GaN templates, the Strathclyde University group, in collaboration with IST Lisbon and Unipress Warsaw, discovered hysteretic photochromic switching (HPS) in the photoluminescence spectrum of doubly doped GaN(Mg):Eu. Our recent work, summarised in this contribution, has used time-, temperature- and light-induced changes in the Eu intra-4f shell emission spectrum to deduce the microscopic nature of the Mg-Eu defects that form in this material. As well as shedding light on the Mg acceptor in GaN, we propose a possible role for these emission centres in quantum information and computing.
The Thermal Conductivity of Periodic partIculate Composites as Obtained from a Crystallographic Mode of Particle Packing
Authors: Venetis John , Sideridis Emilio Paul
Published: July 2018

In this paper, an icosahedral non – body centered model to simulate the periodic structure of homogeneous particulate composites, by predicting the particle arrangement, is presented. This model has yielded three different variations which correspond at three different deterministic particle configurations.  In addition, the concept of boundary interphase between matrix and inclusions was taken into account. Thus, the influence of particle vicinity was examined in parallel with the interphase concept on the thermomechanical properties of the overall material. Next, by the use of this model the authors derived a closed – form expression to estimate the thermal conductivity of this type of composites. To test the validity of the model, the theoretical values arising from the proposed formula were compared with other theoretical predictions obtained from several accurate formulae found in the literature and an adequate accordance was observed.
A Study of Second Order Impulsive Neutral Evolution Control Systems with an Infinite Delay
Authors: Palani Perumal , Gunasekar Tharmalingam , Angayarkanni M. , Kesavan D.
Published: July 2018

This article, we study sufficient conditions for the controllability of second-order impulsive partial neutral evolution systems with infinite delay in Banach spaces by using the theory of cosine families of bounded linear operators and fixed point theorem.
Array of Resonant Electromechanical Nanosystems: A Technological Breakthrough for Uncooled Infrared Imaging
Authors: Duraffourg Laurent , Laurent Ludovic , Moulet Jean-Sébastien , Arcamone Julien , Yon Jean-Jacques
Published: July 2018

Microbolometer is the most common uncooled infrared technique that allows to achieve 50mK-temperature resolution on the scene. However, this approach has to struggle with both the self-heating inherent to the resistive readout principle and the 1/f noise. We present an alternative approach that consists in using micro / nanoresonators vibrating according to a torsional mode, and whose resonant frequency changes with the incident IR-radiation. Dense arrays of such electromechanical structures were fabricated with a 12µm-pitch at low temperature allowing their integration on CMOS circuits according to a post-processing method. H-shape pixels with 9 µm-long nano-rods and a cross-section of 250 × 30 nm² were fabricated to provide large thermal responses, whose experimental measurements reached up to 1024 Hz/nW. These electromechanical resonators featured a noise equivalent power of 140pW for a response time of less than 1 ms. To our knowledge, these performance are unrivaled with such small dimensions. We also showed that a temperature sensitivity of 20 mK within 100ms-integration time is conceivable at a 12µm-pitch by co-integrating the resonators with their readout electronics and suggesting a new readout scheme. This sensitivity could be reached at short-term by depositing on top of the nano-rods a vanadium oxide layer having a phase-transition that could possibly enhance the thermal response by one order of magnitude.
Single-Molecule Dynamics and Discrimination between Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Amino Acids in Peptides, through Controllable, Stepwise Translocation across Nanopores
Authors: Asandei Alina , Dragomir Isabela S. , Di Muccio Giovanni , Chinappi Mauro , Park Yoonkyung , Luchian Tudor
Published: July 2018

In this work we demonstrate the proof-of-concept of real-time discrimination between patches of serine or isoleucine monomers in the primary structure of custom-engineered, macro-dipole-like peptides, at uni-molecular level. We employed single-molecule recordings to examine the ionic current through the α-hemolysin (α-HL) nanopore, when hydrophilic serine or hydrophobic isoleucine residues, flanked by segments of oppositely charged arginine and glutamic amino acids functioning as a voltage-dependent ‘molecular brake’ on the peptide, were driven at controllable rates across the nanopore. The observed differences in the ionic currents blockades through the nanopore, visible at time resolutions corresponding to peptide threading through the α-HL’s constriction region, was explained by a simple model of the volumes of electrolyte excluded by either amino acid species, as groups of three serine or isoleucine monomers transiently occupy the α-HL. To provide insights into the conditions ensuring optimal throughput of peptide readout through the nanopore, we probed the sidedness-dependence of peptide association to and dissociation from the electrically and geometrically asymmetric α-HL.
Linking Aromatic Hydroxy Metabolic Functionalization of Drug Molecules to Structure and Pharmacologic Activity
Authors: El-Haj Babiker M. , Ahmed Samrein B.M. , Qarawi Mousa A. , Ali Heyam S.
Published: July 2018

Drug functionalization through formation of hydrophilic groups is the norm in phase I metabolism of drugs for modification of drug action. The reactions involved are mainly oxidative catalyzed mostly by CYP isoenzymes. The benzene ring, as phenyl or fused with other rings, is the most common hydrophobic pharmacophoric moiety in drug molecules. On the other hand the alkoxy group (mainly methoxy) bonded to the benzene ring assumes an important and sometimes essential pharmacophoric status in some drug classes. Upon metabolic oxidation, both moieties, i.e. the benzene ring and the alkoxy group, produce hydroxy groups; the products are arenolic in nature. Through a pharmacokinetic effect, the hydroxy group enhances the water solubility and elimination of the metabolite with the consequent termination of drug action. However, through hydrogen bonding, the hydroxy group may modify the pharmacodynamics of the interaction of the metabolite with the site of parent drug action (i.e. the receptor). Accordingly, the expected pharmacologic outcome will be enhancement, retaining, attenuation, or loss of activity of the metabolite relative to the parent drug. All the above issues have been presented and discussed in this review using selected members of different classes of drugs with inferences regarding mechanisms, drug design and drug development.
Identifying Economic Growth Convergence Clubs and Their Influencing Factors in China
Authors: Li Feng , Li Guangdong , Qin Weishan , Qin Jing , Ma Haitao
Published: July 2018

Balanced and coordinated economic development across regions is a critical goal of regional economic development and new-type urbanization in China. However, few studies have examined economic growth convergence clubs at the county level. To extend the research on convergence clubs, this research applies a log t convergence test and a dynamic spatial ordered Probit model (DSOP) to endogenously identify economic growth convergence clubs in counties and to examine the influence of initial states and structures on club convergence probability. The study sample covers 2286 counties of China from 1992 to 2010. The results show significant convergence club patterns at the county levels, resulting in the gradual formation of six convergence clubs. The DSOP estimation results show that per capita fixed assets, population density and industrialization have promoted convergence club formation to varying degrees.
Increasing Iron, Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium Concentration and Their Bioavailability in Spring Wheat Mutant Lines for Improving Health
Authors: Kenzhebayeva Saule , Doktyrbay Gulina , Abekova Alfia , Atabayeva Saule , Ernazarova Gulzira , Omirbekova Nargul , Turasheva Svetlana , Sarsu Fatma , Zhang Guoping
Published: July 2018

Metal, primarily Fe and Zn, deficiencies affect over half of the world's population. Human diets with prevalent cereal products cause micronutrient malnutrition. Biofortification is one of the most effective approaches to alleviate malnutrition. Spring wheat genetically stable (M7) mutant lines developed with 100 and 200 Gy gamma treatments to broaden genetic variation and search for new resources were analyzed for nutritionally important minerals (Ca, Mg, K, Fe, and Zn), their bioavailability, and grain protein content (GPC). The variation was 172.3–883.0 mg/kg for Ca, 472.9–1088 mg/kg for Mg, 3128.6–5487.5 mg/kg for K, 40.9–89.0 mg/kg for Fe, and 22.2–89.6 mg/kg for Zn. In mutant lines, among the investigated minerals, the highest increases in concentrations were observed in Fe, Zn, and Ca when compared to the parent. Some mutant lines, mostly in the 100 Gy-derived germplasm, had two to three times higher Fe, Zn, and Ca concentrations, lower phytic acid concentration (1.4–2.1 times), and 6.5–7% higher GPC compare to the parent. Variation was detected for the Ca:Phy, Mg :Phy, Phy:K, Phy:Fe, and Phy:Zn molar ratios, (1.27–10.41, 5.05–18.68, 1.66–4.87, 1.40–5.32 and 1.78–11.78, respectively). The results showed how the genetic variation could be generated through radiation and be useful to develop biofortification by micronutrient varieties with their appropriate bioavailability to overcome malnutrition.
Comparative Modelling and Artificial Neural Network Inspired Prediction of Waste Generation Rates of Hospitality Industry: The Case of North Cyprus
Authors: Azarmi Soolmaz L , Oladipo Akeem Adeyemi , Vaziri Roozbeh , Alipour Habib
Published: July 2018

This study was undertaken to forecast waste generation rates of accommodation sector of North Cyprus as a case. Three predictor models including multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural networks (ANNs) and central composite design (CCD) were applied to predict the waste generation rate during the lean and peak seasons. ANN showed highest prediction performance, specifically, lowest values of the standard error of prediction (SEP = 2.153), mean absolute error (MAE=1.378) and highest R2 value (0.998) confirmed the accuracy of the model. The analysed wastes were categorised into recyclable, general waste and food residues. The authors estimated the total waste generated during the lean season as 2010.5 kg/day, in which large-sized hotel accounted for largest fraction (66.7%), followed by the medium hotels (19.4%) and guesthouse accounted for smallest part (2.6%). During the peak season, about 49.6% increases in the waste generation rates were obtained. Interestingly, 45% of the wastes were generated by the British tourists while the least waste was generated by African tourists (7.5%). The ANN predicted that the small and large hotels would produce 5.45 and 22.24 tons of waste by the year 2020, respectively. The findings herein are promising and useful in establishing a sustainable waste management system.
Neutrosophic Nano Ideal Topological Structures
Authors: Mani Parimala , M Karthika , S jafari , F Smarandache , Udhayakumar Ramalingam
Published: July 2018

Neutrosophic nano topology and Nano ideal topological spaces induced the authors to propose this new concept. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new type of structural space called neutrosophic nano ideal topological spaces and investigate the relation between neutrosophic nano topological space and neutrosophic nano ideal topological spaces. We define some closed sets in these spaces to establish their relationships. Basic properties and characterizations related to these sets are given.
SMAP and CalCOFI Observe Freshening During the 2014-2016 Northeast Pacific Warm Anomaly
Authors: Vazquez Jorge , Gomez-Valdes Jose
Published: July 2018

Data from NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive Mission (SMAP) and from the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) were used to examine the freshening that occurred during 2015-2016 in the Southern California Current System. Overall the freshening was found to be related to the 2014-2016 Northeast Pacific Warm Anomaly. The primary goal was to determine the feasibility of using SMAP data to observe the surface salinity signal associated with the warming. As a first step direct comparisons were done with salinity from the CalCOFI data at one-meter depth. During 2015 SMAP was saltier than CalCOFI by 0.5 PSU, but biases were reduced to < 0.1 PSU during 2016. South of 33°N, and within 100 km of the coast, SMAP was fresher in 2015 by almost 0.2 PSU. CalCOFI showed freshening of 0.1 PSU. North of 33°N SMAP and CalCOFI saw significant freshening in 2016, SMAP by 0.4 PSU and CalCOFI by 0.2 PSU. Differences between SMAP and CalCOFI are consistent with the increased stratification in 2015 and changes in the mixed layer depth.
Deep Learning on Low-Resource Datasets
Authors: Morfi Veronica , Stowell Dan
Published: July 2018

In training a deep learning system to perform audio transcription, two practical problems may arise. Firstly, most datasets are weakly labelled, having only a list of events present in each recording without any temporal information for training. Secondly, deep neural networks need a very large amount of labelled training data to achieve good quality performance, yet in practice it is difficult to collect enough samples for most classes of interest. In this paper, we propose factorising the final task of audio transcription into multiple intermediate tasks in order to improve the training performance when dealing with this kind of low-resource datasets. We evaluate three data-efficient approaches of training a stacked convolutional and recurrent neural network for the intermediate tasks. Our results show that different methods of training have different advantages and disadvantages.
One-Log Call Iterative Solution of the Colebrook Equation for Flow Friction Based on Padé Polynomials
Authors: Praks Pavel , Brkić Dejan
Published: July 2018

The eighty years old empirical Colebrook function  widely used as an informal standard for hydraulic resistance relates implicitly the unknown flow friction factor , with the known Reynolds number  and the known relative roughness of a pipe inner surface ; . It is based on logarithmic law in the form that captures the unknown flow friction factor  in a way from which it cannot be extracted analytically. As an alternative to the explicit approximations or to the iterative procedures that require at least a few evaluations of computationally expensive logarithmic function or non-integer powers, this paper offers an accurate and computationally cheap iterative algorithm based on Padé polynomials with only one -call in total for the whole procedure (expensive -calls are substituted with Padé polynomials in each iteration with the exception of the first). The proposed modification is computationally less demanding compared with the standard approaches of engineering practice, but does not influence the accuracy or the number of iterations required to reach the final balanced solution.