bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sección traumática de la rama profunda del nervio cubital: caso clínico
Authors: Poveda-Mira Jose , Bonilla-Enseñat Fernando , Poveda-Mira César , García-Espert Carmen , Baixauli-Perelló Emilio
Published: February 2021

Las lesiones traumáticas del nervio cubital son muy raras y pueden pasar desapercibidas,
siendo necesario realizar una exploración completa de la mano para su diagnóstico. Presentamos el caso
de un hombre de 23 años que acude por herida de 10mm en el borde cubital de la mano sobre el canal
de Guyon con imposibilidad para la abducción y adución de los dedos, signos de Watemberg y Froment
positivos. Se realiza una exploración quirúrgica donde se aprecia sección de la rama profunda motora
del nervio cubital. El diagnóstico de la lesión de la rama profunda del nervio cubital es
fundamentalmente clínico y quirúrgico. La reparición se realiza mediante la sutura primaria terminoterminal epineural sin tensión. El pronóstico dependerá de factores del paciente, de la calidad de la
cirugía y de la magnitud de la lesión.
Harga Diri pada Orang Terkonfirmasi Positif HIV di Tahun Pertama
Authors: Arisudhana Gede Arya Bagus , Giri Ni Kadek Widyantari , Yasa I Ketut Buana
Published: February 2021

Harga diri merupakan sebuah komponen penting dalam kehidupan orang dengan HIV/AIDS. Harga diri dapat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS. Tujuan dari penelitian inin adalah untuk melakukan penelusuran tentang harga diri pada orang terkonfirmasi positif HIV di tahun pertama. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi deskriptif. Populasi terjangkau dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang dengan HIV/AIDS yang menjalani pengobatan di RSD Mangusada. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 44 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive. Pengumpulan data harga diri menggunakan kuisioner Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. Analisa data menggunakan uji univariat. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan sebagian besar orang dengan HIV di tahun pertama berada pada kategori harga diri rendah 23 (52%), rata-rata usia responden adalah 33,27 tahun, didominasi oleh laki-laki sebanyak 30 (68%), tingkat pendidikan responden sebagian besar SLTA 27 (615), serta didominasi oleh responden yang sudah menikah 37 (84%). Temuan pada penelitian menjelaskan bahwa harga diri pada orang terkonfirmasi positif HIV di tahun pertama sebagian besar berada pada kategori rendah. Untuk itu identifikasi yang dilakukan sejak dini perlu dilakukan guna kefektifan pemberian asuhan keperawatan
REALISM IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY ENGLISH LITERATURE
Authors:   Agjabadi branch of Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Karam Ahmadova Latifa
Published: February 2021

In England, realism was formed very quickly, because it appeared immediately after the Enlightenment, and its formation occurred almost simultaneously with the development of Romanticism, which did not hinder the success of the new literary movement. The peculiarity of English literature is that in it romanticism and realism coexisted and enriched each other. Examples include the works of two writers, Elizabeth Gaskell and Charlotte Bronte. However, the discovery and confirmation of realism in English literature is primarily associated with the legacy of Charles Dickens (1812-1870) and William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863). The works of Charles Dickens differ not only in the strengthening of the real social moment, but also in the previous realist literature. Dickens has a profoundly negative effect on bourgeois reality. Key words: England, realism, literary trend, bourgeois society, utopia, unjust life, artistic description
Dedicated himself to education the intelligence of Azerbaijan
Authors:   Xəzər Universiteti, Agasalim Abdullayeva Farah
Published: February 2021

13 October 1937 entered in the fate of our people with the execution of our intellectuals, who devoted their lives to the development of science, literature, culture, ideas of independence, but whose desires, aspirations were stained with blood. The people of Azerbaijan have lost bright faces, outstanding teachers and world-famous scientists who make up the intellectual wealth of the nation. Among them were Haji Karim Sanili (1878-1937); Bekir Behbud oglu Chobanzade (1893-1937); Hanafi Baba oglu Zeynalli (1896-1937). Presentation of repressed Azerbaijani educators to the world should be the main task of young researchers - teachers, as well as journalists. For this reason, it is recommended that this article be made available to the general public. Key words: one of the members of the new alphabet committee, the creator of the Azerbaijani spelling, the founder of the pedagogical education system, the world-famous Azerbaijani academician, the victims of repression
ASSESSMENT OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF THE FINANCING OF TERRORISM AND THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1373
Authors:   Baku State University, Ali Suleymanova Aytaj
Published: February 2021

Terrorism financing is a global phenomenon that not only threatens States’ security, but can also undermine economic development and financial market stability. Terrorists require financing to recruit and support members and conduct operations. Thus, preventing terrorists from accessing financial resources is crucial to successfully counter the threat of terrorism. It is therefore of highest importance to stop the flow of funds to terrorists. The article describes the core elements of the main international instruments on the field of the fight against terrorist financing, similarities and differences between these norms. Key words: financing terrorism, terrorist financing convention, terrorist acts, criminalization of financing terrorism, Resolution 1373
EŞİTMƏ QÜSURLU UŞAQLARDA SƏS TƏLƏFFÜZÜ POZULMALARINI ARADAN QALDIRMAQ ÜÇÜN MUSİQİLİ RİTMİK VASİTƏLƏRDƏN İSTİFADƏ
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət Pedaqoji Universiteti, Aliosat Mustafayeva Bahar
Published: February 2021

One of the most relevant methods used in the rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children and for the development of speech is music-rhythm. In any games based on music-rhythm, it is possible to stimulate several areas, such as speech, motor, cognitive processes. Composing tasks in the form of role-playing games appropriate to the age characteristics of children increases its effectiveness. Music primarily affects the auditory analyzer in children, helps to increase auditory attention in children with dementia. Thus, the child perceives sounds better over time and develops the ability to differentiate them. Improved hearing allows children to understand the speech of adults better. Over time, it accelerates the process of sound imitation, allows the child to pronounce the initial sounds and syllables. Musical-rhythmic is based on the combination of sounds with movements, which leads to the improvement of children's motor skills. It helps to develop small and large motor skills, rhythm and coordination abilities during tasks. Key words: hearing, speech, game, music, exercise, child
School geography in the curriculum and inclusive education in Germany, Finland, Denmark
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universiteti, Mehman Guliyeva Nigar , Ikram Ahmadova Rovshana ,   Bakı Dövlət Universiteti
Published: February 2021

A number of countries have specially designed educational programs for both healthy and students with disabilities. Differences in the education systems of countries reveal differences in the teaching of geography and the application of inclusive education. This article provides information on the geography curriculum, syllabus, lesson hours, textbooks in Finland, Germany and Denmark’s secondary schools, and compares them with Azerbaijani schools. At the same time, the general content and differences of inclusive education in those countries are reflected. Key words: curriculum, geography textbook, education system, level of education,inclusive education, Limited Health Opportunities.
Functions of the translation process in english
Authors:   Azərbaycan Kooperasiya Universiteti, Mobil Abdinova Hafiza , Mazahir Huseynova Vusala ,   Azərbaycan Kooperasiya Universiteti
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the main functions of the English translation process. The translation process is carried out with many functions. The main purpose of this article is to study and analyze the functions of the translation process. In this regard, types of translation such as written and oral translation, sequential translation, simultaneous translation, whispered translation, sign language translation are of great interest. The article is mainly examined the types of translation and discussed their applications in writing and orally. Key words: translation, oral translation, sequential translation, simultaneous translation
Oghuz Kipchak relations and black-robed infidels in the book Dede Korkut epos
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Universiteti, Jabbar Jalil Farah
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to imagery, one of the fields of modern comparative studies. The research is based on the epos "Kitabi-Dada Gorgud". The prototype of historical figures is determined in the saga. Against the background of these historical figures and events that took place within the historical time, the issues of "one's own" and others are clarified. The historical roots of the conflicts between the Oghuzs and the event of their expression in the saga are clarified with the images of the enemy, such as "Kipchak Malik", "Shoklu Malik", "Black-robed infidels", "Black Takur". Key words: imagery, comparative studies, saga, stereotype, power
ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA NO VIGOR DAS MUDAS, CONCENTRAÇÃO DE AMINOÁCIDOS E PROTEÍNAS TOTAIS E NO TEOR DE CLOROFILA NO FEIJÃO-DE-CORDA (Vigna Unguiculata)
Authors: Lacerda Edilene Goncalves , Sanches Layssa Ferreira de Jesus , Queiroz Júlia Oliveira , Da Silva Cristiano Pereira
Published: February 2021

O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever os efeitos fisiológicos da adubação nitrogenada (N) através das análises de crescimento e concentração de clorofila, aminoácidos e proteína total nas folhas de feijão-de-corda. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação, em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e seis tratamentos. Foram analisados os parâmetros biométricos de crescimento das mudas e a determinação dos teores de clorofila nas folhas, aminoácidos e proteínas. As análises tiveram início após 60 dias da adubação. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destacamos que a adubação nitrogenada à base de ureia, resultou no maior vigor das mudas, como altura, diâmetro do caule, brotações, área foliar e no aumento da concentração de clorofila, aminoácidos e proteínas, obtendo os melhores resultados com o aumento das concentrações da adubação. O uso de adubo nitrogenado na cultura do feijão-de-corda na dose de 9,54g.kg-1 aumenta o crescimento e o vigor da cultura e favorece o aumento de aminoácido e proteínas, com destaque para o aminoácido fenilalanina, leucina e isoleucina. A adubação nitrogenada também contribuiu para o aumento de aminoácidos e proteínas totais.
Development of information system for testing vulnerabilities web-resources
Authors: Golyatkina Lubov , Melnikova Olga
Published: February 2021

The work is devoted to the development of an information system for testing web-resource vulnerabilities. Due to the development of the Internet, it becomes an important issue of security of web resources, on which a lot of intellectual, managerial and confidential information is concentrated, requiring careful protection.
Intelligent robust controller based on cognitive computing technologies. Pt. 1: cognitive Control models with THE BRAIN emotional learning
Authors: Shevchenko Alla , Shevchenko Andrey , Tyatyushkina O. , Ulyanov S.
Published: February 2021

n on-linecontrol and decision-making systems, emotional brain training is a preferred methodology (compared to stochastic gradient-based and evolutionary algorithms) due to its low computational complexity and fast robust learning. To describe the emotional learning of the brain, a mathematical model was created —the brain emotional learning controller (BELC). The design of intelligent systems based on emotional signals basedoncontrol methods assoft computing technologies: artificial neural networks, fuzzy control and genetic algorithms. Based on the simulated mathematical model of mammals BEL, a controller architecture has been developed. Applied approachcalled “Brain Emotional Learning Based Intelligent Controller” (BELBIC) —a neurobiologically motivated intelligent controller based on a computational model of emotional learning in the mammalian limbic system. The article describes applied models of intelligent regulators based on emotional learning of the brain. BELBIC's learning capabilities;versatility and low computational complexity make it a very promising toolkitfor on-lineapplications.
Anatomy of a Mermaid: Subverting the performative image of the pregnant woman
Authors: Páramo Pérez Adriana
Published: February 2021

In the play Anatomía dunha serea Galician actress Iria Pinheiro uses parody to share the experiences of obstetric violence she went through during and after childbirth. Humour has been commonly used in films to portray pregnant women. However, this has helped to perpetuate a performative image of this experience rather than subverting the imaginary. I filmed Pinheiro’s play and creative process to look at how Pinheiro uses parody to subvert the portrayals of the pregnant woman and, with this paper and video essay I aim to open up a conversation about how to portray this uncomfortable topic on screen.
BIOMETHANE POTENTIAL OF INVASIVE AQUATIC WEED WATER PRIMROSE
Authors: THU THI NONG HUYEN , UNPAPROM YUWALEE , CHAICHOMPOO CHUDAPAK , RAMARAJ RAMESHPRABU
Published: February 2021

This study aims to examine the perspective of feedstock for producing biomethane from invasive aquatic weed water primroses (Ludwigia Hyssopifolia). The methane yield and methane content of biogas were analyzed and studied. The calculating methods of theoretical methane yield based on the elemental application or the theoretical chemical oxygen demand (COD) number were showed. The percentage of element chemicals, carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) of raw materials were analyzed, and results were 40.2%, 5.03%, 22.13%, 1.8% and 0.24%, respectively. The plant biomass was contained moisture content, volatile carbon, fixed carbon and ash were 7.28%, 63.07%, 1.28% and 28.37%, respectively. From the water primroses calculated yield of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) results were 54.90%, 41.40% and 3.70%, respectively. Therefore, the aquatic weed water primroses biomass are suitable feedstock for biogas production as well as future scale-up studies.
Orationes ad laudem purissime conceptionis virginis Marie: recuperación de un incunable / literatura recuperada
Authors: Martos Josep Lluís
Published: February 2021

El estudio de la literatura perdida no solo amplía el catálogo de obras conocidas de un autor, de un género o de una tradición, para reconstruir, así, la producción literaria, sino que permite abordar algo aún más importante: la recuperación, total o parcial, de los textos. Aquí radica la importancia de este trabajo, que recupera y estudia un incunable perdido desde el siglo XIX, cuyas obras eran hasta hoy desconocidas textualmente: Orationes ad laudem Purissime Conceptionis Virgini Marie (Valencia, Palmart, 1489).
MONITORING THE LEVEL OF HEAVY METAL COMPOUNDS IN THE TEREK RIVER
Authors: Атабиева Фатимат Адраевна , Чередник Елена Александровна
Published: February 2021

В статье представлен анализ многолетних результатов (2005-2020 годы) изменчивости уровня содержания соединений таких тяжелых металлов как хром, никель, молибден, свинец, цинк и марганец. Цель исследования - выявление и оценка степени загрязненности воды реки Терек растворенными формами металлов в среднем и нижнем течении в летнее половодье по частоте превышения ПДК.

The article presents an analysis of long-term results (2005-2020) of variability in the content of compounds of such heavy metals as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, lead, zinc and manganese. The purpose of the study is to identify and assess the degree of water pollution of the Terek River by dissolved forms of metals in the middle and lower reaches during the summer flood in terms of the frequency of exceeding the MPC.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MONOLOGICAL SPEECH SKILLS BY MEANS OF ENGLISH LITERATURE AMONG STUDENTS OF THE "TOO ENGLISH PRIDE" CENTER
Authors: Акашаева Эльмира Маликовна , Романюк Марина Юрьевна
Published: February 2021

Цель исследования - изучить особенности методики развития умений монологической речи средствами англоязычной литературы у учащихся «TOO English Pride» центра. В статье проясняется роль диагностического исследования развития умений монологической речи средствами англоязычной литературы у учащихся «TOO English Pride» центра.

The purpose of the study is to study the features of the methodology for the development of monological speech skills by means of English-language literature among students of the "TOO English Pride" center. The article clarifies the role of the diagnostic study of the development of monological speech skills by means of English literature in students of the TOO English Pride Center.
ESTIMATING THE COST OF IMPLEMENTING THE BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES: OVERVIEW OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND STANDARDIZATION DOCUMENTS
Authors: Анисимова Мария Рубеновна , Наумова Марина Михайловна , Герко Айнура Гошгар Кызы
Published: February 2021

В статье авторами проводится анализ национального законодательства и документов по стандартизации на предмет выявления имеющихся на сегодняшний день принципов оценки затрат, структуры затрат и методик расчета затрат в национальной нормативно правовой базе. Мероприятия, направленные на сокращение НВОС, не всегда оказываются экономически эффективными, поэтому полноценная, всесторонняя оценка экономической эффективности мероприятий по внедрению НДТ может существенным образом повлиять на денежные потоки компаний, осуществляющих инвестиции в природоохранные мероприятия и технологии.

The authors analyze national legislation and documents on standardization in order to identify the principles of estimating the cost, cost structure and cost calculation methods in the national regulatory framework that are currently available. measures aimed at reducing the negative environment impact are not always cost-effective, therefore a full, comprehensive assessment of the economic efficiency of measures to implementing the best available technologies can significantly affect the cash flows of companies investing in environmental protection measures and technologies.
THE ROLE OF PRODUCTIVE WORD-FORMATION MODELS IN COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE
Authors: Акубекова Диана Григорьевна
Published: February 2021

В статье освещается проблема использования продуктивных словообразовательных моделей на занятиях иностранного языка.

The article presents the problem of using productive word-formation models in foreign language classes.
Penerapan Program Literasi Melalui Taman Bacaan Masyarakat Oemah Cendekia di Kelurahan Kedungsari Kabupaten Purworejo
Authors: Gumelar Ade Sabda , Utami Eny Ngesti , Setyadi Arif
Published: February 2021

Program literasi melalui taman bacaan masyarakat oemah cendekia terletak di Desa Kedungsari Kabupaten Purworejo. Mayoritas masyarakat di Desa Kedungsari belum mendapatkan pendidikan yang sesuai harapan. Sebagian besar penduduknya adalah petani yang hanya bertamatkan jenjang pendidikan yang minim sehingga kesulitan dalam mendampingi anak anaknya dalam hal pendidikan. Sehingga dalam pelaksanaan program literasi melibatkan pemuda karangtaruna sebagai mitra program penerapan literasi melalui taman bacaan masyarakat. Mitra program mayoritas siswa SMP dan SMA yang masih haus akan ilmu namun perlu banyaknya pendampingan. Oleh sebab itu tujuan dari program literasi melalui taman bacaan masyarakat oemah cendekia agar saling mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dengan bertransformasi menjadi masyarakat berkemajuan dengan pendampingan IPTEK namun tetap mengedepankan moral. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan adalah Persiapan – Penyusunan Literasi – Pelaksanaan Program – Evaluasi dan dalam setiap tahap selalu ada pendampingan dari tim terhadap mitra. Persiapan terdiri dari kesiapan tim, kondisi mitra, materi dan kesepakatan jadwal. Penyusunan literasi terdiri dari buku bacaan dan media pembelajaran. Pelaksanaan program terdiri dari pendirian perpustakaan, kreatifitas, keilmuan dan kepedulian sosial. Persentase penerima manfaat program di taman bacaan Rw 01 50,70 %, taman bacaan Rw 02 70,00%, taman bacaan Rw 03 dengan persentase penerima manfaat tertinggi yaitu 78,79%, taman bacaan Rw 04 58,85%, taman bacaan Rw 05 dengan persentase penerima manfaat terendah yaitu 42,86 %. Dengan total persentase keseluran adalah 57,30% yang berarti penerapan program literasi melalui taman bacaan masyarakat oemah cendekia di Kabupaten Purworejo sudah terlayani
Pelatihan Komputer MS Office Bagi Remaja Anggota Karang Taruna di Desa Polowangi Kecamatan Pituruh Kabupaten Purworejo
Authors: Johan Andrian Nuriza , Ngafif Abdul
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk membantu  remaja karang taruna untuk mengembangkan skill dalam mengoprasikan komputer. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut metode pengembagan skill adalah dengan melalui pelatihan.  Sasaran Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah para remaja karang taruna di Desa Polowangi Kecamatan Pituruh Kabupaten Purworejo dengan jumlah populasi adalah 40 orang. Permasalahan diselesaikan dalam tiga (3) tahapan kegiatan, yakni persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap persiapan yang dilakukan adalah menganalisa masalah dan kebutuhan remaja karang taruna untuk mengoperasikan MS Office yang meliputi Word, Excel, dan Power Point.. Tahap kedua yaitu pelaksanaan terbagi menjadi beberapa sesi yaitu pembukaan, penyampaian teori dasar mengenai ketiga software tersebut.   Tahap ketiga yakni evaluasi dengan meminta umpan balik peserta melalui kuesioner tentang pemahaman materi.  Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut: Berdasarkan hasil umpan balik dari peserta, didapatkan informasi bahwa kegiatan ini sangat relevan untuk meningkatkan skill para remaja karang taruna mengenai pengoperasian MS Office dan para peserta merasa mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih luas tentang MS Office
The Effect of Color and Positional Noise on Reading Performance in Human Vision
Authors: Abdullah Alsalhi  , Northway Nadia , Walsh Glyn , Elmadina Abd Elaziz Mohamed
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Reading can be described as a complex cognitive process of decrypting signs to create meaning. Eventually, it is a way of language achievement, communication, and sharing information and ideas. Changing lighting and color are known to improve visual comfort and the perceptual difficulties that affect reading for those with poor vision.
AIM: This study aims to investigate the effect of changing the wavelengths and different levels of positional noise on reading performance for participants with best-corrected distant visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/6 or better.
METHODOLOGY: Twenty English speakers with BCVA 6/6 or better were asked to read words presented in a printed format. The stimuli were black print words in a horizontal arrangement on matte white card. They were degraded using positional noise produced by random vertical displacements of the letter position below or above the horizontal line on three levels.
RESULTS: Introducing positional noise affected word recognition differently with different wavelengths. The role of short wavelength in enhancing orthographic reading and word recognition is clear – they reduce the effects of positional noise. The error rate and duration time have different effects with different wavelengths, even when positional noise is introduced.
CONCLUSION: The reading rate is not affected by changing the wavelength of the light. However, the mean differences in wpm were affected by changing the wavelengths. Also, introducing positional noise affects word recognition differently with different wavelengths.
Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal three new species of Diaporthe from Yunnan, China
Authors: Huang Shengting , Xia Jiwen , Zhang Xiuguo , Sun WenXiu
Published: February 2021

Species of Diaporthe have often been reported as plant pathogens, endophytes or saprobes, commonly isolated from a wide range of plant hosts. Sixteen strains isolated from species of ten host genera in Yunnan Province, China, represented three new species of Diaporthe, D. chrysalidocarpi, D. machili and D. pometiae as well as five known species D. arecae, D. hongkongensis, D. middletonii, D. osmanthi and D. pandanicola. Morphological comparisons with known species and DNA-based phylogenies based on the analysis of a multigene (ITS, TUB, TEF, CAL and HIS) dataset support the establishment of the new species. This study reveals that a high species diversity of Diaporthe with wide host ranges occur in tropical rainforest in Yunnan Province, China.
La performance globale « à la sénégalaise »
Authors: Bidi Georges
Published: February 2021

La performance globale est l’association des performances des volets économique, social, environnemental et sociétal. L’objectif de cet article est de faire ressortir le modèle de performance globale d’entreprises sénégalaises. Pour ce faire, plusieurs études ont été menées dans quatre groupes et quatre PME implantés à Dakar ; et sur un échantillon de salariés sénégalais. Il en ressort que la performance globale « à la sénégalaise » suivrait plutôt un modèle axé sur le volet sociétal.
Flaubert : des savoirs du vivant à la pensée en style
Authors: Séginger Gisèle
Published: February 2021

Flaubert est un ancien élève du biologiste Félix-Archimède Pouchet et l’ami du poète Louis Bouilhet qui publie en 1854 un grand poème, Les Fossiles, inspiré par les idées de Cuvier sur la révolution à la surface du globe et dédié à Flaubert. Dans ses lettres des années 1850, Flaubert réfléchit sur la littérature et le style, en se référant aux science naturelles.
Style et métaphores naturalistes : le projet renanien d’une embryogénie de l’esprit humain
Authors: Fayolle Azélie
Published: February 2021

Le projet renanien d’une embryogénie de l’esprit humain trouve sa réalisation la plus aboutie dans les deux sommes historiques que sont l’Histoire des origines du christianisme et l’Histoire du peuple d’Israël. Il s’agit pour Renan de remonter aux origines des religions et des langues, en les pensant non seulement selon un modèle organiciste, mais elles-mêmes comme des objets naturels, les produits de l’esprit humain obéissant pour lui aux mêmes lois de nature. Ce projet historien trouve un débouché stylistique dans une imagerie naturaliste qui structure l’ensemble de ses textes. Le projet d’une embryogénie de l’esprit humain trouve alors sa dernière actualisation dans la réalisation d’un texte lui-même pensé comme organisme.
Un style « au service de la vérité » : la critique littéraire de la seconde moitié du xixe siècle
Authors: Riguet Marine
Published: February 2021

En faisant le procès de la rhétorique, une partie de la critique littéraire de la seconde moitié du xixe siècle considère l’écriture scientifique comme un nouveau modèle à suivre. Cet article entend resituer le rôle tenu par le discours scientifique, en particulier celui des sciences du vivant, dans le débat sur la rhétorique qui oppose les critiques littéraires de l’époque. Derrière l’ambition des critiques à faire savoir, c’est la valorisation d’une nouvelle idée de la littérature qui nous semble être mise en jeu.
Écrire le vivant. Pour une correspondance entre pensée et style dans l’Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience d’Henri Bergson
Authors: Caillau François
Published: February 2021

Le présent article s’attache à mettre au jour les modalités d’écriture du vivant au sein de l’Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience, publié en 1889. D’un discours rigoureux et analytique à un langage imagé et littéraire en passant par l’expérience pédagogique, le philosophe Henri Bergson y traite le problème de l’être humain selon un double mouvement : mouvement de la pensée, mouvement de l’écriture. Analyser ce double mouvement revient alors à en étudier leur articulation par le style.
Covid-19 et imbrication des crises : réhabiliter le keynésianisme pour refonder la politique macroéconomique
Authors: Charles Sébastien , Dallery Thomas , Marie Jonathan
Published: February 2021

La pandémie mondiale provoque une crise économique sans précédent aux conséquences sociales dévastatrices, tout en remettant en perspective la crise écologique. L’imbrication de ces crises impose que l’articulation des politiques macroéconomiques soit revue ; la politique budgétaire doit devenir l’outil privilégié de la politique économique comme le recommandent les post-keynésiens au contraire des tenants du nouveau consensus en macroéconomie. La politique monétaire doit appuyer la politique budgétaire, pendant que des mesures comme la baisse du temps de travail doivent être adoptées. Cette réarticulation de la politique économique est nécessaire afin de limiter les conséquences économiques négatives de la crise de la covid-19, mais aussi à plus long terme pour permettre le plein-emploi, enclencher véritablement la transition écologique et réduire la vulnérabilité des économies aux chocs globaux.
Rate of Immune Complex Cycling in Follicular Dendritic Cells Determines the Extent of Protecting Antigen Integrity and Availability to Germinal Center B Cells
Authors: Arulraj Theinmozhi , Binder Sebastian C. , Meyer-Hermann Michael
Published: February 2021

Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) retain immune complexes (ICs) for prolonged time periods and are important for germinal center (GC) reactions. ICs undergo periodic cycling in FDCs, a mechanism supporting an extended half-life of Ag. Based on experimental data, we estimated that the average residence time of PE-ICs on FDC surface and interior were 21 and 36 min, respectively. GC simulations show that Ag cycling might impact GC dynamics because of redistribution of Ag on the FDC surface and by protecting Ag from degradation. Ag protection and influence on GC dynamics varied with Ag cycling time and total Ag concentration. Simulations predict that blocking Ag cycling terminates the GC reaction and decreases plasma cell production. Considering that cycling of Ag could be a target for the modulation of GC reactions, our findings highlight the importance of understanding the mechanism and regulation of IC cycling in FDCs.
Reproductive outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection using testicular sperm and ejaculated sperm in patients with AZFc microdeletions
Authors: Zhou Yu , Deng Cun-Can , Liu Wu-Jiang , Liu Huang , Zheng Hou-Bin , Tang Yun-Ge , Zhang Xin-Zong , Deng Jun-Hong
Published: February 2021

Studies have explored the assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes of Y-chromosome azoospermia factor c (AZFc) microdeletions, but the effect of sperm source on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) remains unknown. To determine the ART results of ICSI using testicular sperm and ejaculated sperm from males with AZFc microdeletions, we searched Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. The first meta-analysis results for 106 cycles in five studies showed no significant differences in the live birth rate between the testicular sperm group and the ejaculated sperm group (risk ratio: 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73–1.28, P = 0.82). The second meta-analysis of 106 cycles in five studies showed no difference in the abortion rate between the testicular sperm group and ejaculated sperm group (risk ratio: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.54–2.06, P = 0.87). The third meta-analysis of 386 cycles in seven studies showed no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rates between the testicular sperm group and the ejaculated sperm group (risk ratio: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.66–2.34, P = 0.50). Inevitable heterogeneity weakened our results. However, our results indicated that testicular sperm and ejaculated sperm yield similar ART outcomes, representing a meaningful result for clinical treatment. More properly designed studies are needed to further confirm our conclusions.
Understanding statistical association and correlation
Authors: Sapra Ramesh Lal , Saluja Satish
Published: February 2021

In medical research, the word ‘association’ and ‘correlation’ between two attributes/variables are frequently used and many times interchanged. Simplifying these concepts may help the researchers in applying the appropriate test. The article makes an attempt to simplify the concept of statistical association and correlation, especially for the clinical practitioners and researchers. The article discusses various measures of association and relationship for testing and assessing the strength. It also includes discussion on three popular measures of association used in medical research, namely odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR) and hazard ratio which measure association of outcome between the two groups. Pearson Chi-square test is the most common test and has been extensively used for studying the association without bothering about its limitations or strength. Many times, researchers take it granted that the OR and RR are one and the same thing. Our calculations suggest us that with probabilities of outcome of 0.5 and 0.1, the OR is 9, whereas RR is 5. Tools for studying the statistical association and correlation should be used cautiously and appropriate tests to be used, particularly when assumptions are violated. While studying the association, its strength should be assessed using the appropriate statistics. OR and RR measure the association for assessing the risk. However, we should avoid equating OR with RR, particularly when the probabilities of outcome are not small.
Menopausal status and metabolic syndrome among women with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Sultana Marjia , Hasan Towhid , Shill Lincon Chandra , Purba Nafisa Habib , Chowdhury Akibul Islam , Rahman Mahmudur , Lashkar Md Asaduzzaman , Hasan Md Kamrul
Published: February 2021

Background:

There are currently no reports showing the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and menopause among Bangladeshi women with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Aim:

The present study aims to examine the prevalence of MetS and evaluate the impact of menopausal status on the MetS among women with CVD in Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods:

Data for the present analysis were collected from a cross-sectional study of 355 cardiovascular patients seeking care at five tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh. A total of 146 women were included for this secondary analysis. The MetS was identified based on the definition of the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP).

Results:

About 45.83% pre-menopausal and 59.02% post-menopausal women were noticed to have MetS. The mean waist circumference, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and random plasma glucose levels were higher in post-menopausal women whereas HDL cholesterol value was higher in pre-menopausal women. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio showed that post-menopausal status (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-4.94) and obesity (AOR: 8.20; 95% CI: 1.15-58.77) were significantly associated with the presence of the MetS among women with CVD.

Conclusion:

The high prevalence of MetS among women with CVD is evident, particularly post-menopausal women. Hence, the present findings can alert women from the earlier stages of the menopausal transition to prevent the appearance of MetS.
Quaternary Revascularization after Three Failed Infra-Inguinal Bypasses
Authors: Sebastian Jithin Jagan , Rajendra Naveen , Ayyappan MK , Mathur Kapil , Pawar Pranay , Raju Radhakrishnan
Published: February 2021

It is becoming increasingly commonplace to find patients with their third or fourth revascularization procedure. We present one such patient with thrice-failed infra-inguinal bypass, which was successfully revascularized. A 63-year-old diabetic, hypertensive with three failed infra-inguinal bypasses presented with forefoot gangrene. Computed tomography angiogram revealed a long-segment occlusion from the external iliac to the middle posterior tibial artery (PT). Hybrid approach was used to stent the proximal anastomotic site and open surgical bypass was carried out for the distal site. The forefoot healed after amputation with skin grafting. Failed infra-inguinal procedures usually present as long-segment, complex lesion, which require a hybrid approach for revascularization. Preoperative planning and reintervention are paramount in achieving suitable patency in this group of patients.
A Case Report of Iatrogenic Radial Artery True Aneurysm
Authors: Thapa Pratima , Karmacharya Robin Man , Singh Amit Kumar , Vaidya Satish , Dahal Sushil , Dhakal Prasesh , Bhandari Niroj , Bade Sohail
Published: February 2021

True aneurysm is dilatation of an artery which consists of all layers of the arterial wall. True radial artery aneurysms are very rare. The most common cause of radial artery aneurysm is iatrogenic trauma. Here, we report a case of iatrogenic true radial artery aneurysm. A 38-year-old male with a history of right radial artery cannulation for anticoagulant therapy to treat right leg deep venous thrombosis presented to our outpatient department with a complaint of swelling on the radial side of the volar aspect of the right arm. He was treated conservatively with steroids, but symptoms did not subside. Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography scan suggested true radial artery aneurysm. In view of pseudoaneurysm, surgical plan was made. During surgery, the aneurysm seemed to be involved in all the vessel layers. The aneurysm was excised, and ligation of both the ends was done. Anastomosis was not done owing to good flow in the distal part from the ulnar artery and damage to a long segment of the radial artery. Patients on anticoagulants are at a risk of aneurysm formation than patients who are not. It can be diagnosed clinically and radiologically.
Upper limb venous approach for stenting superior vena cava syndrome
Authors: Gurmukhani Sunil Nichaldas , Shah Sanjay , Pancholy Samir , Patel Tejas
Published: February 2021

In superior vena cava syndrome, relieving the obstruction by stenting is the treatment of choice to alleviate the symptoms. We present cases of two patients with superior vena cava obstruction who underwent successful revascularization with the placement of a self-expanding metallic stent using the upper limb venous approach.
Anatomical Variations of the Saphenous Fascia in the Omani Population
Authors: Al-Adawi Sara Samir , Al-Aufi Ahmed , Stephen Edwin , Abdelhady Ibrahim , Al-Mawali Hanan , Al-Wahaibi Khalifa
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

The aim of this study is to detect the anatomical variations of the saphenous fascia (SF) around the great saphenous vein (GSV) in the Omani population and compare it to published studies in other populations. The extent of the SF has been documented to vary between certain populations. There are no such studies from the Arabian Gulf population.

Methods:

Following ethical approval, bilateral lower limbs of 100 consecutive consenting volunteers at our tertiary care university hospital were scanned using an ultrasound scan. The GSV was traced from the groin to ankle, and the point of exit from the SF was noted.

Results:

The results showed that the majority of the Omani population had a SF ending at the upper thigh (39.5%). The next most common location was at the mid-thigh (26.5%).

Conclusions:

This study found that the course of the GSV within the SF can differ between populations. This has important implications in the pathophysiology and endovenous treatment options offered to Omani patients seeking treatment for varicose veins.
Long-term food waste management in Phnom Penh utilizing a system dynamics modeling approach
Authors: Chinda Thanwadee , Thay Sireiratana
Published: February 2021

Phnom Penh has a high number of people. With more people, it is expected that food waste issues will be severe. To properly manage food waste, it is necessary to identify the key factors affecting food waste management, and examine the interactions among those key factors to effectively plan for long-term management. This study develops a dynamics model of food waste management, considering vegetables as the main waste, to examine the trends of food waste in Phnom Penh and plan for long-term management. The developed dynamics model considers two types of waste, household and retailer wastes. The simulation results reveal that most food wastes are from households. They are mainly from preparation processes and inappropriate packing sizes. The results show that with a smaller percentage of waste in preparation processes, food wastes going to a landfill decrease. The use of smaller-size packs (250 g and 350 g) also helps to minimize food wastes. The simulation results also suggest the use of biodigesters, to convert food waste to energy and reduce landfill waste in the long term. Local communities, local authorities, and governments can use this study to plan for long-term food waste management, to reduce food waste and mitigate landfill problems.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ И СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА БИОГЕННЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В ВИСЛИНСКОМ ЗАЛИВЕ В 2019 ГОДУ
Authors: Александров Сергей Валерьевич , Сташко Андрей Владимирович
Published: February 2021

Исследование содержания минеральных форм азота и фосфора в россий-ской части Вислинского залива в 2019 г. было выполнено в рамках мониторинга среды обитания водных биологических ресурсов, проводимого АтлантНИРО. По-лученный анализ позволил рассмотреть сезонную динамику, пространственное распределение и сопоставить их с многолетними данными (2010–2016 гг.) до за-пуска современных очистных сооружений. Сезонная динамика концентраций ми-нерального фосфора и разных форм минерального азота в 2019 г. соответствовала таковой за 2010–2016 гг., весенний максимум был преимущественно связан с по-ступлением биогенных элементов в результате паводков. С началом активной ве-гетации фитопланктона их содержание в воде значительно снижалось. Мини-мальные концентрации минерального фосфора, нитратов и нитритов наблюдались в июле в период «цветения» воды. Пространственное распределение биогенных элементов характеризовалось отсутствием устойчивых различий между районами на протяжении года, лишь в отдельные месяцы их концентрации в восточном и Приморской бухте были в 2–3 раза выше, что аналогично многолетним данным и обусловлено поступлением элементов со стоком р. Преголи. Анализ показал, что после ввода новых очистных сооружений в 2019 г. концентрации минеральных форм азота и фосфора на всей российской акватории остались на прежнем уровне. Многолетнее поступление большого количества биогенов с речными и сточными водами и продукционные процессы в заливе привели к аккумуляции фосфора в водоеме. Действующие очистные сооружения не могут повлиять на быстрое снижение уровня эвтрофирования Вислинского залива.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ДИФФУЗИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ ПРИ СУХОМ ПОСОЛЕ САЛАКИ СОЛЬЮ, ОБОГАЩЕННОЙ ФИТОКОМПОНЕНТАМИ ЧЕСНОКА
Authors: Гужова Виктория Федоровна , Шуманов Вячеслав Анатольевич , Шуманова Мария Вячеславовна , Чернова Анастасия Валерьевна
Published: February 2021

Посол является традиционным и наиболее целесообразным процессом тех-нологической обработки для рыб семейства сельдевых. В рамках представленной работы исследован процесс сухого посола салаки. Определены коэффициенты диффузии соли методом фотонной корреляционной спектроскопии. При посоле применялись два вида соли: поваренная пищевая и обогащенная фитокомпонен-тами чеснока. Показано, что коэффициенты диффузии соли обогащенной на по-рядок выше, чем коэффициенты диффузии поваренной пищевой. Интенсивность диффундирующих веществ соли, обогащенной фитокомпонентами чеснока, также на протяжении всего эксперимента была выше в 1,5 раза, однако при достижении глубины 4 мм интенсивность рассеяния света у обоих образцов выравнивалась. Увеличение коэффициента диффузии говорит о том, что процесс посола интенсифицируется, так как соль, являясь носителем фитокомпонентов, проникает в ткани салаки, и, как следствие, фитокомпоненты, которыми она обогащена, также диффундируют внутрь тканей рыбы. Высокое значение интенсивности рассеяния света у образцов салаки с обогащенной солью свидетельствует о том, что более активно образуются «кластеры» соли с водой. Последнее объясняется ее влагоудерживающей способностью и подтверждает результаты проведенных ранее исследований. В данном случае можно говорить о том, что соль, обогащенная фитокомпонентами чеснока, служит комплексным барьером в технологии гидробионтов, так как обладает высоким коэффициентом диффузии, а кроме этого антимикробными и антиоксидантными свойствами, что положительно скажется на качестве готового продукта, а также его безопасности.
Industrial Production and Monetary Shocks: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Shahab Sadaf , Mahmood Muhammad Tariq , Fatima Azmat
Published: February 2021

This study focuses on long run relationship between industrial production and financial markets through a restricted structural model. Conditional upon arbitrage between short and long term money market rates, we find an evidence of cointegration between output and the stock market. Statistical results indicate that positive long-run relation between the stock market and real output allows the identification of a demand shock as permanently affecting stock market. Similarly money supply and short-term interest rate shock permanently affect stock market while inflation affects negatively in long run. The results also indicate that the monetary reaction function is less responsive to inflation and the policy maker put more weight to output. Our results imply that due to cost-push nature of inflation, policy makers have some flexibility to target other sectors of the economy, such as investments in asset markets. A prudent central bank can use interest rate smoothing approach using arbitrage conditions.
Does Islamic Banking Augment Financial Inclusion in Pakistan? A Reinforcement Analysis
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Hanif , Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Sheikh Muhammad Ramzan
Published: February 2021

This study spells out the role of financial inclusion (FI) to accelerate the efficiency of Islamic banks in Pakistan for the period of 2007 to 2016. It examines the effect of a specially developed broad-based FI index on technical efficiency of Islamic banks through panel ARDL approach along with to explore the macroeconomic as well as bank-specific factors of efficiency. The findings exhibit the possible connection between Islamic banking and financial inclusion in Pakistan. The study offers a variety of useful policy implications for public policy towards effective progress on the National Financial Inclusion Strategy in the country.
Nexus of Students Behaviors and Teachers Attitudes With Corporal Punishment in Peshawar Schools
Authors: Sulaiman Gohar , Khan Muhammad Wasim Jan , Ali Israr , Ahmed Zujaj
Published: February 2021

Throughout the world corporal punishment is seen as initial matter. In order to ensure discipline, institutes used corporal punishment as a tool. This study is undertaken in the background of emerging nations particularly Pakistan. It has been observed that on account of corporate punishment in Pakistan mostly students quit educational institutes. The current study discovers the occasion on teacher’s perception regarding corporal punishment across various chosen institutes of KPK. This study targets several well educational institutes of Peshawar, utilizing a survey questionnaire as the data collection instrument. The results show that corporal punishment, as a tool leaves negative indelible imprints on the minds of students and needs to be discouraged. Several methods alternative to corporal punishment for controlling student’s behavior are unknown to teacher. Further, this study exhumes alternative methods that helps teacher in controlling students’ behavior in the schools.