bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relação da epilepsia com a síndrome de apneia obstrutiva do sono: revisão
Authors: Venturi Monique , Valois André , Pontes Igor Monteiro , Gomes Marleide da Mota
Published: June 2010

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar principalmente a relação entre síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS) e crises epilépticas (CE). MÉTODOS: Pesquisa no Pubmed com publicações de 2000 até 23.11.2009 a partir dos descritores “Sleep Apnea, Obstructive” [Mesh Major Topic] e epilepsy[title/abstract]. Acrescentado também artigo referente à Classificação Internacional de Transtornos do Sono-2005. RESULTADOS: Obtidos 19 artigos (um em alemão, excluído) sendo 1 artigo de revisão, 2 editoriais, 5 relatos de caso, 1 série de casos, 4 transversais, 1 ensaio clínico piloto, 2 longitudinais experimentais sem controle, 1 longitudinal/avaliação polissonográfica em dois momentos, 1 de acurácia. CONCLUSÃO: A SAOS é subnotificada na população epiléptica farmacorresistente e nos pacientes com sonolência excessiva diurna (pode ser consequência da SAOS) bem como nos que serão submetidos a estimulação do nervo vago (pode exacerbar SAOS em pacientes com SAOS pré-existente) para fim de controle de CE. Os dados dessa revisão levantam a hipótese da relação importante entre SAOS e CE, pois alguns estudos sugerem a relação mútua entre os dois fatores, apesar de não haver significância estatística. Existe uma relação inversa em um relato de caso de lobectomia frontal esquerda com resolução de CE e da apneia, levando a sugestão de que descargas epilépticas interictais extensas bem como a CE em si no sono pudessem alterar o controle das vias aéreas superiores. A revisão estabelece também a necessidade da realização de novos estudos com análise multivariada e, idealmente, prospectivos e com controles, com amostra maior, observacionais ou de intervenção, com continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) para a conclusão mais fundamentada metodologicamente.
High Expression of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor in Peritumoral Liver Tissue Is Associated with Poor Outcome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Resection
Authors: Jia Jin-Bin , Wang Wen-Quan , Sun Hui-Chuan , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Liu Liang , Zhuang Peng-Yuan , Zhang Ju-Bo , Zhang Wei , Xu Hua-Xiang , Kong Ling-Qun , Lu Lu , Wu Wei-Zhong , Wang Lu , Tang Zhao-You
Published: June 2010

Background.

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its prognostic values are unclear. This study evaluated the prognostic values of the intratumoral and peritumoral expression of CSF-1R in HCC patients after curative resection.

Methods.

Tissue microarrays containing material from cohort 1 (105 patients) and cohort 2 (32 patients) were constructed. Immunohistochemistry was performed and prognostic values of these and other clinicopathological data were evaluated. The CSF-1R mRNA level was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in cohort 3 (52 patients).

Results.

Both the CSF-1R density and its mRNA level were significantly higher in peritumoral liver tissue than in the corresponding tumor tissue. CSF-1R was distributed in a gradient in the long-distance peritumoral tissue microarray, with its density decreasing as the distance from the tumor margin increased. High peritumoral CSF-1R was significantly associated with more intrahepatic metastases and poorer survival. Peritumoral CSF-1R was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival and time to recurrence and affected the incidence of early recurrence. However, intratumoral CSF-1R did not correlate with any clinicopathological feature. Peritumoral CSF-1R was also associated with both overall survival and time to recurrence in a subgroup with small HCCs (≤5 cm).

Conclusions.

Peritumoral CSF-1R is associated with intrahepatic metastasis, tumor recurrence, and patient survival after hepatectomy, highlighting the critical role of the peritumoral liver milieu in HCC progression. CSF-1R may become a potential therapeutic target for postoperative adjuvant treatment.
Active density‐dependent habitat selection in a controlled population of small mammals
Authors: Morris Douglas W. , MacEachern Jody T.
Published: June 2010

Density‐dependent habitat selection has numerous and far‐reaching implications to population dynamics and evolutionary processes. Although several studies suggest that organisms choose and occupy high‐quality habitats over poorer ones, definitive experiments demonstrating active selection, by the same individuals at the appropriate population scale, are lacking. We conducted a reciprocal food supplementation experiment to assess whether voles would first occupy a habitat receiving extra food, then change their preference to track food supplements moved to another habitat. Meadow voles, as predicted, were more abundant in food‐supplemented habitat than in others. Density declined when food supplements ceased because the voles moved to the new habitat receiving extra food. Although males and females appeared to follow different strategies, meadow‐vole densities reflected habitat quality because voles actively selected the best habitat available. It is thus clear that behavioral decisions on habitat use can motivate patterns of abundance, frequency, and gene flow that have widespread effects on subsequent evolution.
Timescales, dynamics, and ecological understanding
Authors: Hastings Alan
Published: June 2010

AlanHastings,MacArthur Award Recipient, 2006

figure image

Explicit consideration of timescales and dynamics is required for an understanding of fundamental issues in ecology. Endogenous dynamics can lead to transient states where asymptotic behavior is very different from dynamics on short timescales. The causes of these kinds of transients can be placed in one of three classes: linear systems with different timescales embedded or exhibiting reactive behavior, the potentially long times to reach synchrony across space for oscillating systems, and the complex dynamics of systems with strong density‐dependent (nonlinear) interactions. It is also important to include the potentially disparate timescales inherent in ecological systems when determining the endogenous dynamics. I argue that the dynamics of ecological systems can best be understood as the response, which may include transient dynamics, to exogenous influences leading to the observed dynamics on ecologically relevant timescales. This view of ecosystem behavior as responses of ecological systems governed by endogenous dynamics to exogenous influences provides a synthetic way to unify different approaches to population dynamics, to understand mechanisms that determine the distribution and abundance of species, and to manage ecosystems on appropriate timescales. There are implications for theoretical approaches, empirical approaches, and the statistical approaches that bridge theory and observation.
Can Postprandial Blood Glucose Excursion Be Predicted in Type 2 Diabetes?
Authors: Franc Sylvia , Dardari Dured , Peschard Caroline , Riveline Jean-Pierre , Biedzinski Magdalena , Boucherie Beatrix , Petit Catherine , Requeda Elisabeth , Mistretta Frederic , Varroud-Vial Michel , Charpentier Guillaume
Published: June 2010

OBJECTIVE

We investigated the relationship between carbohydrate intake and postprandial blood glucose (BG) levels to determine the most influential meal for type 2 diabetic subjects treated with basal insulin and needing prandial insulin.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Three-day BG profiles for 37 type 2 diabetic subjects, with A1C levels of 7.7%, treated with sulfonylurea and metformin, and well titrated on insulin glargine, were analyzed using a continuous glucose monitoring system. Food intake from 680 meals was recorded and quantified during continuous glucose monitoring.

RESULTS

The median BG excursion (ΔBG) was higher at breakfast than at lunch or dinner (111 [81; 160] vs. 69.5 [41.5; 106] and 82.5 mg/dl [53; 119] mg/dl, P < 0.0001). There was a weak overall correlation between ΔBG and carbohydrate intake. Correlation improved when mealtime was taken into account. Simple relationships were established: ΔBG (mg/dl) = 65 × carbohydrate/body weight + 73 for breakfast (R2 = 0.20, P < 0.0001); the slope was reduced by half at lunch and by one-third at dinner. Twelve relevant variables likely to affect ΔBG were integrated into a polynomial equation. This model accounted for 49% of ΔBG variability. Two groups of patients were identified: responders, in whom ΔBG was well correlated with carbohydrate intake (R2 ≥ 0.30, n = 8), and nonresponders (R2 < 0.30, n = 29). Responders exhibited a greater insulinopenic profile than nonresponders.

CONCLUSIONS

The carbohydrate intake in responders clearly drives ΔBG, whereas, in nonresponders, other factors predominate. This sort of characterization should be used to guide therapeutic choices toward more targeted care with improved type 2 diabetes management.
Remedial Actions for the Physical Inactivity of Hospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pezzino Sandrine , Florenty Stéphane , Fagour Cédric , Gin Henri , Rigalleau Vincent
Published: June 2010

OBJECTIVE

Physical inactivity is often suspected in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes but has yet to be quantified.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We measured the level of physical activity of 36 hospitalized (H) and 36 free-living nonhospitalized (NH) type 2 diabetic subjects with actimeters (SenseWear Arm-Band).

RESULTS

The number of steps (H: 4,381 ± 3,742 steps/24 h, NH: 7,220 ± 4,763 steps/24 h; P < 0.01), duration of physical activity (H: 45 ± 57 min/24 h, NH: 148 ± 116 min/24 h; P < 0.005), and physical activity expenditure (H: 287 ± 390 kcal/24 h, NH: 1,035 ± 1,006 kcal/24 h; P < 0.005) were two- to threefold lower in the hospitalized patients. Simple advice enabled us to increase their recorded levels of physical activity by ∼50% (P < 0.005), and a further 50% (P < 0.05) was obtained by the use of a pedometer.

CONCLUSIONS

The physical inactivity of hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes is significant and remediable, although the advice given must take into account the existence of sensory neuropathy and silent myocardial ischemia.
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of 2% Lidocaine With 1 : 100,000 Epinephrine, 4% Prilocaine With 1 : 200,000 Epinephrine, and 4% Prilocaine for Maxillary Infiltrations
Authors: Katz Steven , Drum Melissa , Reader Al , Nusstein John , Beck Mike
Published: June 2010

The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind crossover study was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine, 4% prilocaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine, and 4% prilocaine in maxillary lateral incisors and first molars. Sixty subjects randomly received, in a double-blind manner, maxillary lateral incisor and first molar infiltrations of 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine, 1.8 mL of 4% prilocaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine, and 1.8 mL of 4% prilocaine, at 3 separate appointments spaced at least 1 week apart. The teeth were pulp-tested in 3-minute cycles for a total of 60 minutes. Anesthetic success (ie, obtaining 2 consecutive 80 readings with the electric pulp tester) and onset of pulpal anesthesia were not significantly different between 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine, 4% prilocaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine, and 4% prilocaine for the lateral incisor and first molar. For both lateral incisor and first molar, 4% prilocaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine were equivalent for incidence of pulpal anesthesia. However, neither anesthetic agent provided an hour of pulpal anesthesia. For both lateral incisor and first molar, 4% prilocaine provided a significantly shorter duration of pulpal anesthesia compared with 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine and 4% prilocaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine.
Practice Characteristics Among Dental Anesthesia Providers in the United States
Authors: Boynes Sean G. , Moore Paul A. , Tan Peter M. , Zovko Jayme
Published: June 2010

General descriptions or “snapshots” of sedation/general anesthesia practices during dental care are very limited in reviewed literature. The objective of this study was to determine commonalities in dental sedation/anesthesia practices, as well as to accumulate subjective information pertaining to sedation/anesthesia care within the dental profession. This questionnaire-based survey was completed by participating anesthesia providers in the United States. A standardized questionnaire was sent via facsimile, or was delivered by mail, to 1500 anesthesia providers from a randomized list using an online database. Data from the returned questionnaires were entered onto an Excel spreadsheet and were imported into a JMP Statistical Discovery Software program for analyses. Quantitative evaluations were confined to summation of variables, an estimation of means, and a valid percent for identified variables. A total of 717 questionnaires were entered for data analysis (N  =  717). Data from this study demonstrate the wide variation that exists in sedation/anesthesia care and those providing its administration during dental treatment in the United States. The demographics of this randomized population show anesthesia providers involved in all disciplines of the dental profession, as well as significant variation in the types of modalities used for sedation/anesthesia care. Data from this study reveal wide variation in sedation/anesthesia care during dental treatment. These distinctions include representation of sedation/anesthesia providers across all disciplines of the dental profession, as well as variations in the techniques used for sedation/anesthesia care.
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Study of the Anesthetic Efficacy of Sodium Bicarbonate Buffered 2% Lidocaine With 1 : 100,000 Epinephrine in Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocks
Authors: Whitcomb Michael , Drum Melissa , Reader Al , Nusstein John , Beck Mike
Published: June 2010

The authors, using a crossover design, randomly administered, in a double-blind manner, inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) blocks using a buffered 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine/sodium bicarbonate formulation and an unbuffered 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine formulation at 2 separate appointments spaced at least 1 week apart. An electric pulp tester was used in 4-minute cycles for 60 minutes to test for anesthesia of the first and second molars, premolars, and lateral and central incisors. Anesthesia was considered successful when 2 consecutive 80 readings were obtained within 15 minutes, and the 80 reading was continuously sustained for 60 minutes. For the buffered 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine/sodium bicarbonate formulation, successful pulpal anesthesia ranged from 10–71%. For the unbuffered 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine formulation, successful pulpal anesthesia ranged from 10–72%. No significant differences between the 2 anesthetic formulations were noted. The buffered lidocaine formulation did not statistically result in faster onset of pulpal anesthesia or less pain during injection than did the unbuffered lidocaine formulation. We concluded that buffering a 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine with sodium bicarbonate, as was formulated in the current study, did not statistically increase anesthetic success, provide faster onset, or result in less pain of injection when compared with unbuffered 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine for an IAN block.
Controlled synthesis, characterization and thermal properties of Mg2B2O5
Authors: Üçyıldız Ayşe , Girgin İsmail
Published: June 2010

Optimum conditions for synthesizing monoclinic and triclinic Mg2B2O5 compounds by high-temperature solid-state reactions were investigated. Mixtures composed of boric acid and magnesium oxide at MgO:B2O3 mole ratios of 1:0.25, 1:0.5 and 1:1.5 were heated for 1 hour at temperatures between 600–1050°C and the formed phases were identified by XRD analysis. Monoclinic Mg2B2O5 was formed by heating at 850°C for 4 hours together with minimum amounts of triclinic Mg2B2O5, while triclinic Mg2B2O5 was formed as a single phase at 1050°C for the same reaction time. The products obtained at optimum conditions were subjected to a series of tests to determine their chemical compositions, particle size distributions, surface area values, IR spectra and TG/DTA patterns.
Kinetics of base hydrolysis of α-amino acid esters catalyzed by palladium(II) piperazine complex
Authors: Shoukry Azza , Shoukry Mohamed , Hafez Mohamed
Published: June 2010

The kinetics of base hydrolysis of glycine, histidine, and methionine methyl esters in the presence of [Pd(pip)(H2O)2]2+ complex, where pip is piperazine, is studied in aqueous solutions, at T = 25°C, and I = 0.1 mol dm−3. The rate of ester hydrolysis for glycine methyl ester is studied at different temperature and dioxane/water solutions of different compositions. The kinetic data are fit under the assumption that the hydrolysis proceeds in one step. The activation parameters for the base hydrolysis of the complexes are evaluated
Improved spectrofluorimetric methods for determination of penicillamine in capsules
Authors: Shaalan Rasha
Published: June 2010

Two simple, sensitive and specific fluorimetric methods have been developed for the determination of Penicillamine (PNC), a sulphur containing compound. Method (I) involves the reaction of PNC with 2′,7′-bis(acetoxymercuri)-fluorescein (AMF) in the presence of Kolthoff’s buffer, pH 8.2, with subsequent measurement of fluorescence spectra at 520 nm (λEx 497 nm). Method (II) is based on PNC being oxidized into penicillaminic acid using Cerium (IV) in an acidic medium. Method sensitivity has been improved using sodium triphosphate which enhances the luminescence intensity of Ce(III). Fluorescence spectra were then measured at 348 nm (λEx 293 nm). The reaction conditions and the fluorescence spectral properties have been investigated for both methods. Under the described conditions, the proposed methods were applicable over the concentration ranges 0.0048 − 0.0288 µg mL−1 and 0.096 − 0.288 µg mL−1 with mean percentage recoveries 99.95 ± 1.29 and 100.04 ± 1.10 for methods I and II, respectively. The proposed methods were validated in terms of accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ and robustness and then were successfully applied to the determination of PNC in bulk powder and in capsules as well as in the presence of the related disulphide. The results obtained were determined to be in good agreement with those obtained using a previously reported method.
Liquid-liquid equilibrium of novel aqueous two-phase systems and evaluation of salting-out abilities of salts
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Jing , Han Juan , Hu Shiping , Yan Yongsheng
Published: June 2010

Binodal data are beneficial to the design of aqueous two-phase extraction and the establishment of thermodynamic models. For the 2-propanol + Li2SO4/Na2SO4/ (NH4)2SO4/K3PO4 + water systems and 1-propanol + K3PO4/K3C6H5O7/(NH4)3C6H5O7 + water systems, binodal data were determined at 298.15 K. The binodal data were correlated by a theoretical equation on the basis of statistical geometry. The salting-out abilities of salts and the phase-separation abilities of alcohols were evaluated by the effective excluded volume of salt and the binodal curves plotted in molality. A simple Hofmeister series of cations and anions were obtained. The organic salt, K3C6H5O7, shows as high a salting-out ability as K3PO4.
Kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption of congo red on cellulose
Authors: Samiey Babak , Dargahi Mohammad
Published: June 2010

Thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption of congo red (CR) on cellulose are studied at 308–328 K. In the used concentration range of CR, interaction of CR with cellulose is exothermic and CR molecules adsorb chemically on cellulose surface. The effects of contact time, temperature and initial concentration of CR on kinetics of its adsorption on cellulose were investigated. The process proceeds according to the pseudo-second-order equation. Initial adsorption rate of adsorption is first-order in CR and the intraparticle diffusion of CR molecules within cellulose is identified as the main rate-limiting step.
Detection of short oligonucleotide sequences using an electrochemical DNA hybridization biosensor
Authors: Girousi S. , Kinigopoulou V.
Published: June 2010

An electrochemical DNA hybridization biosensor was developed for the detection of DNA hybridization using MDB and proflavine as electrochemical labels. The biosensor was based on the interaction of 7-dimethyl-amino-1,2-benzophenoxazi-nium Meldola’s Blue (MDB) and proflavine with double stranded DNA (dsDNA) The electrochemical behaviour of MDB and proflavine as well as its interaction with double stranded (dsDNA) were investigated by cyclic (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) and screen printed electrodes (ScPE). Furthermore, DNA-hybridization biosensors were developed for the detection of hybridization between oligonucleotides, which was detected by studying changes in the voltammetric peaks of MDB (reduction peak at −0.251 V) and proflavine (reduction peak at 0.075 V). MDB and proflavine were found to intercalate between the base pairs of dsDNA and oligonucleotides. Several factors affecting the dsDNA or oligonucleotides immobilization, hybridization and indicator preconcentration and interaction time, were investigated. As a result of the interaction of MDB with dsDNA and hybridized oligonucleotides, the voltammetric signals of MDB increased. Furthermore, guanine’s oxidation peak (at 0.901 V) was decreased as MDB’s concentration was increased. As a result of the interaction of proflavine with dsDNA and hybridized oligonucleotides, the voltammetric signals of proflavine decreased. These results were similar for carbon paste and screen printed electrodes. A comparison of the performance between CPE and ScPE was done. Our results showed that lower concentrations of MDB and proflavine were detected using screen printed electrodes. Moreover, reproducibility was better using screen printed electrodes and the detection was faster (regarding the experimental steps), but they are more cost effective.
Inclusion complexes of amlodipine besylate and cyclodextrins
Authors: Kapor Agneš , Nikolić Vesna , Nikolić Ljubiša , Stanković Mihajlo , Cakić Milorad , Stanojević Ljiljana , Ilić Dušica
Published: June 2010

In this paper the procedure for the preparation of inclusion complexes of amlodipine besylate with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 2-hydrohypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβ-CD) and their structural characterization was described. Molecular inclusion complexes of amlodipine besylate are prepared by the coprecipitation method and characterised by the application of spectroscopic methods FTIR, 1H-NMR and XRD. The photosensitivity of amlodipine besylate in the inclusion complexes was also determined with respect to uncomplexed agent. DSC curves indicate the loss of the clear peak due to melting of amlodipine besylate at about 200°C, while on XR diffractograms certain reflections are lost belonging to amlodipine besylate in complexes. This indicates its inclusion in the vacancies of the host. The inclusion of amlodipine besylate with cyclodextrins increases the stability, i.e. decreases the photosensitivity of amlodipine besylate.
New N-aryloxy-phthalimide derivatives. Synthesis, physico-chemical properties, and QSPR studies
Authors: Tudose Madalina , Badea Florin , Caproiu Miron , Beteringhe Adrian , Maganu Maria , Ionita Petre , Constantinescu Titus , Balaban Alexandru
Published: June 2010

Starting from N-hydroxyphthalimide 1 and the reactive fluoro- or chloro-nitroaryl derivatives 2, 3 and 4a-e (2-chloro-3,5-dinitropyridine; 3, NBD-chloride; 4a, 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene; 4b, picryl chloride; 4c, 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzotrifluoride; 4d, 2-chloro-3,5- dinitrobenzotrifluoride; 4e, 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid) the corresponding N-(2-nitroaryloxy)-phthalimide derivatives 5a-e, or 6 and 7 were obtained and characterized by IR, UV-Vis 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The TLC behavior and the hydrophobicity of these derivatives have been experimentally evaluated by RM0 parameters (using RP-TLC). The experimental RM0 parameters were compared with the calculated partition coefficient, log P. A QSPR study was also performed to establish possible correlations between the structure and physical properties (λmax and RM0) of compounds 5a-e, 6, and 7.
Construction of different types of ion-selective electrodes and validation of direct potentiometric determination of phenytoin sodium
Authors: El-Tohamy Maha , Razeq Sawsan , El-Maamly Magda , Shalaby Abdalla
Published: June 2010

The construction and performance characteristics of phenytoin sodium selective electrodes are detailed. Two types of electrodes: plastic membrane I and coated wire II, were constructed based on the incorporation of phenytoin sodium with tungstosilicic acid. The influence of membrane composition, kind of plasticizer, pH of the test solution, soaking time and the electrodes’ foreign ions were investigated. The electrodes showed a Nernstian response with a mean calibration graph slope of 30.9±0.1 and 28.9±0.1 mV decade−1 at 25°C for electrode I and II respectively, over a phenytoin sodium concentration range of 5×10−3−5×10−6 M and 1×10−3−1×10−6 M with a detection limit 1.3×10−6 M and 2.5×10−7 M for electrode I and II, respectively. The electrodes gave average selective precision and were usable within the pH range 6–10. Interference studies from common cations, alkaloids, sugars, amino acids and drug excipients are reported. The results obtained by the proposed electrodes were also applied successfully for the determination of the drug in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.
Erratum to “Structure and photocatalytic activity of Ti1−XMxO2(M = Zr, Co and Mo) synthesized by pulverized solid state technique”
Authors: Santhosh S. , Swetha S. , Balakrishna Geetha
Published: June 2010

The original version of the article was published in Central European Journal of Chemistry, 2010, 8(2), 453–460, DOI: 10.2478/s11532-010-0003-5. Unfortunately, the original version of this article contains mistake, which we correct here.
Analysis of the Genetic Effects of Three Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Inosine Monophosphate Content in Chinese Baier Chicken
Authors: Shu Jing-Ting , Chen Guo-Hong , Han Wei , Zhang Xue-Yu
Published: June 2010

The genes GPAT/AIRC and purH are involved in the de novo purine biosynthesis; they all had genetic effect on muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content in chicken. This study was designed to investigate the effects of three single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed in GPAT/AIRC and purH genes on muscle IMP content in a relative large population of Chinese Baier chickens, single genotype effects as well as the epistatic effects were analysed. The results further showed that GPAT/AIRC and purH genes had effect on muscle IMP content, they might be candidate loci or linked to major genes that affect muscle IMP content; the epistatic effects were higher than the single genotype effects. Furthermore, the effects were strengthened when combining more gene loci. We tentatively conclude that combined genotypes are superior to single genotypes as potential molecular markers for meat quality traits in chicken.
Possible Effects of Nest Predation on Ground Nest Survival in the Neretva Delta (Croatia)
Authors: Purger Jenő J. , Mužinić Jasmina
Published: June 2010

Nest predation experiment to survey survival probabilities of larger bodied ground-nesting birds (ducks) was carried out on Lake Kuti in May 2006. From 25 artificial ground nests on the floating reedbed islands and 25 nests on the grazed islands, 8 and 1, respectively, were depredated. On the contrary to our expectations, the daily survival rate of artificial nest on the reedbed islands i.e. closed habitats was significantly lower (95.06%) than in the open habitat islands being grazed by sheep and cattle (99.43%). Broken chicken eggs and the marks left behind on plasticine eggs suggested that the predators were probably small mammals and birds. Such predators do not pose serious threat to real nests and clutches, thus they are unlikely to have had significant influence on the dramatic decrease of nesting bird populations in the area.
Study on the Productive and Reproductive Performances of Red Chittagong Cow at rural areas in Chittagong
Authors: Azizunnesa M , Sutradhar BC , Hasanuzzaman M , Miazi OF , Aktaruzzaman M , Faruk MO
Published: June 2010

The result of the collected data revealed different reproductive performances of RedChittagong Cow such as age at puberty 2.68±1.72 years, days required to first heat during postpartum period 3.08±1.00 months, calving interval 14.00±1.19 months, service per conception1.36±0.60 and gestation length 279.92±5.27 days. In this survey some data were recorded toobserve the production performances of Red Chittagong Cows. Milk production per day andlactation length was 2.10±0.63 liter and 238.8±30.6 days, respectively. The maximum milkproduction per day was 4 liter per cow and the minimum production was 1 liter per day per cow.The cow produced 1.88±0.51 liter milk supplied with roughage only on the other hand 2.42±0.57liter milk produced by the cow supplied some amount of concentrate along with roughage. Thelevel of production difference between two groups were highly significant (p<0.0001).Key Words: Lactation; Puberty; Service per conception; RCC.DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5282Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 27-31
Repellency of two monoterpenoids and neem oil against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)
Authors: Islam Md Saiful
Published: June 2010

The repellent activity of monoterpenoids viz. eugenol, zimtaldehyde and neem oil againstpulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) was investigated. Responses varied significantly withcompound, dose and exposure time. The tested components showed highest level of repellencyagainst C. maculatus at a dose of 1 μl. Over 80%, Class V, repellency was achieved after 5 to 60min. treatment with the components at a dose of 1 μl. The repellent action of zimtaldehyde showedthe highest repellency (87.41% at 10 min exposure) status against C. maculatus than neem oil andeugenol, while the lowest (79.46%) was recorded for eugenol at 25 min exposure level.Key words: Repellency; eugenol; zimtaldehyde; neem oil; C. maculatusDOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5284Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 41-44
Burrowing pattern and damage caused by the rodent pest, Indian house rat (Rattus rattus) in the Gangetic and Non Gangetic plain of West Bengal, India
Authors: Chattopadhyay Debiprasad , Madhu Nithar Ranjan , Manna Chanchal Kumar
Published: June 2010

Key words: Burrowing pattern; hoarding materials; Gangetic and non Gangetic plain; laterite; alluvial.DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5288Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 57-60
A case study on Mummified Foetus in a heifer
Authors: Azizunnesa M , Sutradhar BC , Das BC , Hossain MF , Faruk MO
Published: June 2010

DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5289Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 61-63
Biological screening of Curcuma longa L. for insecticidal and repellent potentials against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults
Authors: Abida Y , Tabassum F , Zaman S , Chhabi SB , Islam N
Published: June 2010

DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5291Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 69-71
Dr. B. J. Selman (1934-2009): A Man and a Coordinator
Authors: Islam M Saiful
Published: June 2010

DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5294Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 81-82
Fundamentals of Systematic Zoology
Authors: Paul Nishit Kumar
Published: June 2010

Title: Fundamentals of Systematic ZoologyAuthor: Md. Ataur Rahman KhanPublisher Zahirul Islam (Lipton), Aligarh Library, Rajshahi.March, 2010, Pp. 380.DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5295Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 83
On the Nature of Testimony
Authors: Cullison Andrew
Published: June 2010

This paper examines several recent positions on the nature of testimony and argues that all are unsatisfactory. The first section argues against narrow, broad, and moderate views. The second section argues against Jennifer Lackey's recent analysis of testimony. Her position is supposed to avoid the problems of the prior accounts, but still suffers from two problems. After discussing those problems, this paper offers and defends an alternative analysis of testimony.
Some Varieties of Epistemic Injustice: Reflections on Fricker
Authors: Hookway Christopher
Published: June 2010

Miranda Fricker's important study of epistemic injustice is focussed primarily on testimonial injustice and hermeneutic injustice. It explores how agents' capacities to make assertions and provide testimony can be impaired in ways that can involve forms of distinctively epistemic injustice. My paper identifies a wider range of forms of epistemic injustice that do not all involve the ability to make assertions or offer testimony. The paper considers some examples of some other ways in which injustice can prevent someone from participating in inquiry.
Shelf-stable electrophilic trifluoromethylating reagents: A brief historical perspective
Authors: Shibata Norio , Matsnev Andrej , Cahard Dominique
Published: June 2010

Since the discovery by Yagupolskii and co-workers that S-trifluoromethyl diarylsulfonium salts are effective for the trifluoromethylation of thiophenolates, the design and synthesis of electrophilic trifluoromethylating reagents have been extensively researched in both academia and industry, due to the significant unique features that trifluoromethylated compounds have in pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and functional materials. Several effective reagents have been developed by the groups of Yagupolskii, Umemoto, Shreeve, Adachi, Magnier, Togni and Shibata. Due to the high stability and reactivity of these reagents, a series of Umemoto reagents, Togni reagent and Shibata reagent are now commercially available. In this review, we wish to briefly provide a historical perspective of the development of so-called “shelf-stable electrophilic trifluoromethylating reagents”, although this field is in constant development.
COSTS OF UNSAFETY IN AVIATION / IŠLAIDOS, PATIRIAMOS AVIACIJOJE DĖL NESAUGUMO
Authors: Čokorilo Olja , Gvozdenović Slobodan , Vasov Ljubiša , Mirosavljević Petar
Published: June 2010

The purpose of this paper is to define an analytical tool intended to provide a sound, technically justifiable, and consistent approach to analyzing the risk posed by aircraft accidents. The methodology presented in this paper takes into consideration items determined to be important to understanding the risk of aircraft accident and safety appraisal. These items include a number of aircraft operations/flights; crash probabilities; aircraft characteristics; costs, revenues, socio‐economic benefits, value statistical life, etc. The presented case study gives various cost assessments for an A320 crash depending on accident severity and aircraft age. It could be used as a risk assessment tool for implementing safety management system (SMS) process.

Santrauka

Šio straipsnio tikslas ‐ aprašyti analizės priemonę, skirta patikimai ir techniškai pagrįstai orlaivių avarijų rizikos analizei. Straipsnyje pateikta metodika gali įvertinti svarbiausius orlaivių avarijų rizikos ir saugos aspektus: tai orlaivių skrydžių skaičius; avarijų tikimybė; orlaivio charakteristikos; išlaidos; pajamos; socialinė ir ekonominė nauda; statistinė eksploatavimo trukmė ir pan. Pavyzdyje pateikiamas įvairių orlaivio A320 avarijos sąnaudų vertinimas priklausomai nuo įvykio sunkumo ir orlaivio amžiaus. Vertinimo metodika galėtų būti taikoma kaip rizikos vertinimo priemonė, diegiant saugos valdymo sistema (SVS).
THE CONSOLIDATED MEASUREMENT OF THE FINANCIAL MARKETS DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES / KONSOLIDUOTAS FINANSŲ RINKŲ IŠSIVYSTYMO VERTINIMAS: PEREINAMŲJŲ EKONOMIKŲ ATVEJIS
Authors: Žvirblis Algis , Buračas Antanas
Published: June 2010

The principles and models for the quantitative measurement of the financial markets development at macro level (primarily in cases of transitional economies) are reviewed. The assessment is based on expert evaluation of the identified primary indicators, as well as on determination of the selected indexes of a group of development indicators and financial markets’ development index. Its main criterion is the financial markets development influence on the State competitiveness. Based on the exclusive indicators of global state competitiveness (WEF), four groups of essential primary indicators are considered. They determine the extent of financial markets development (including its sophistication) as expressive partial criteria. The SAW multicriteria evaluation method is also applied as the quantitative modeling instrument. The three‐stage system proposed by the authors was realized by assessing the development stage of financial markets in Lithuania. Santrauka Kompleksinis finansų sistemos vertinimas yra itin aktualus nagrinėjant pereinamojo laikotarpio valstybių, daugiausia naujųjų ES šalių, teorinius bei taikomuosius darnios plėtotes nustatymo aspektus. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiami finansų rinkų išsivystymo (pirmiausia rafinuotumo prasmė) vertinimo principai bei modeliai, sudaryti orientuojantis i pagristų daugiakriterinio vertinimo metodu taikymą. Bendruoju kriterijumi imamas valstybės finansų rinkų išsivystymo lygio poveikis ekonominiam konkurenciniam valstybės pranašumui. Suformuotos keturios esminiu pirminiu indikatorių grupės ‐ rinkų rafinuotumo, vertybiniu popierių, bankininkystes ir draudimo rinku grupės, kaip daliniai kriterijai, lemiantys bendrajį finansų rinkų išsivystymo lygi. Vertinimas apima ekspertinį pirminiį indikatorių kiekybinių reikšmių (balais) ir ju reikšmingumu nustatyma, dalinių kriterijų indeksų bei finansu rinkų išsivystymo lygio indekso analitini įvertinimą. Pateikiami Lietuvos finansų rinkų išsivystymo lygio vertinimo rezultatai taikant šią trijų pakopų vertinimo sistemą.
METHOD FOR AGGREGATING TRIANGULAR FUZZY INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY INFORMATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO DECISION MAKING / NUMANOMŲ NEAPIBRĖŽTŲJŲ AIBIŲ TEORIJA IR JOS TAIKYMAS PRIIMANT SPRENDIMUS
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Peide
Published: June 2010

On the foundation of the theory of the intuitionistic fuzzy set, this paper uses the triangular fuzzy number to denote the membership degree and the non‐membership degree and proposes the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number. Then the operation rules of triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are defined. The weighted arithmetic averaging operator and the weighted geometric average operator are presented and used to the decision making area after defined the score function and the accuracy function. An effective solution is offered for multi‐attitude decision‐making problem and an active try is made. Santrauka Remiantis numanomų neapibrežtųjų aibių teorija, šiame straipsnyje aprašomas trečiojo laipsnio neapibrežtasis skaičius, apibūdinantis priklausomumo laipsni. Toliau nustatomos operavimo su tokiais skaičiais taisyklės. Pasiūlytas svertinis aritmetinio vidurkio operatorius, naudojamas priimant sprendimus. Siūlomi efektyvūs daugiaaspekčių problemų sprendimo būdai.
MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE IN THE SHORT AND LONG RUN: THE CASE OF THE BALTIC STATES / MAKROEKONOMINIAI RODIKLIAI IR JŲ ĮTAKA AKCIJŲ RINKOS INDEKSUI TRUMPUOJU IR ILGUOJU LAIKOTARPIU: BALTIJOS ŠALIŲ ATVEJIS
Authors: Pilinkus Donatas
Published: June 2010

The relation between macroeconomic variables and the movement of stock prices has well been documented in the literature over the last several decades. It is often argued that stock prices are determined by some fundamental macroeconomic variables. Therefore, macroeconomic variables can influence investment decisions and motivates many researchers to investigate the relation between stock market prices and macroeconomic variables. The current paper attempts to introduce the concepts of stock market and macroeconomic indicators, then to present a model of the impact of macroeconomic indicators on stock market index, and to define what macroeconomic indicators are related with stock market index in the short and long runs. The study investigates ten macroeconomic indicators and the main Baltic stock market indices. The data are monthly and extend from the January of 2000 to the December of 2008. Empirical research has been conducted with the Baltic States: Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. With the reference to the results of performed analysis the interpretations of the relationships between macroeconomic indicators and stock market index from the viewpoint of investors have been formed. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinejama, kaip kompleksiškai įvertinti makroekonominių rodiklių įtaką akcijų rinkos indeksui. Atlikti teoriniai tyrimai leido sukurti modelį, kuris kompleksiškai įvertintų makroekonominių rodiklių ir akcijų rinkos indekso sąryšio priežastingumą bei priklausomybę trumpuoju ir ilguoju laikotarpiu. Nustatyta, kad objektyvus šio saryšio nustatymas turi remtis ne tik tinkamu makroekonominių rodiklių parinkimu, bet ir pagrįsta tyrimo metodologija, kompleksiškai įvertinančia makroekonominiu rodiklių ir akcijų rinkos indekso saryšio pokyčius trumpuoju bei ilguoju laikotarpiais. Tiriant priklausomybę tarp akcijų kainų ir makroekonominių veiksnių buvo naudojami statistiniai 2000–2008 m. Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Estijos makroekonominių rodiklių bei Vilniaus, Rygos ir Talino vertybinių popierių biržos indekso duomenys. Siekiant įvertinti Baltijos šaliu makroekonominių rodiklių įtaka atskirų šalių akcijų kainoms, pasirinkti tokie makroekonominiai rodikliai, kurie perteikia šalių ekonomikos būklę ir jos kitima, skaičiuojami visose šalyse, lengvai prieinami statistinių duomenų šaltiniuose ir yra gana populiarūs. Remiantis atlikto tyrimo rezultatais, suformuotos makroekonominių rodiklių ir akcijų rinkos indekso saryšių interpretacijos investuotojo požiūriu.
HYBRID TOOLBOXES: CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF BLENDING PATTERNS IN APPLICATION OF HYBRID MEDIA / HIBRIDINĖS ŽINIASKLAIDOS MODELIŲ TAIKYMO KONCEPTUALI IR EMPIRINĖ ANALIZĖ
Authors: Reiss Michael , Steffens Dirk
Published: June 2010

Hybrid media concepts, i.e. especially combinations of face‐to‐face instruments and electronic media, represent a standard in many fields of application for quite a long time. Such combinations of diverse, and thus hybrid instruments are meanwhile quite commonly used, for example, in marketing, in retail business, for communication in virtual enterprises, in internal communication processes, in human resource development and in higher education. By combining strengths of two or more media and by mutually compensating their weaknesses, hybrid media concepts aim at enhancing performance with respect to effectiveness and efficiency. So far, however, scientific discussion lacks a common understanding of the architecture of hybrid media concepts as well as empirical evidence on the application of hybrid media in practice. Hence, it is unclear to what extent the performance potential of hybrid media concepts is utilized in different application fields and what the drivers of the use and performance of hybrid media concepts are. This article presents and discusses both a conceptualization of hybrid media in terms of diversity, proportions and coupling of hybrid concepts and empirical evidence on hybrid media concepts in two typical application fields: internal communication in change management and blended learning in higher education. Santrauka Jau gana seniai hibridinė žiniasklaida, t. y. tiesioginio bendravimo priemonės ir elektroninė žiniasklaida, paplitusi daugelyje veiklos sričių. Ivairūs hibridines žiniasklaidos priemonių deriniai dažnai naudojami marketinge, mažmenineje prekyboje, virtualiujų įmonių veikloje, vidaus komunikacijos procesuose, žmogiškuju išteklių plėtros ir aukštojo mokslo srityse. Derinant dvi ar daugiau žniasklaidos priemones, sustiprinami jų privalumai ir kompensuojami trūkumai. Taigi hibridine žiniasklaida yra veiksmingesnė. Tačiau iki šiol trūksta mokslines diskusijos apie hibridines žiniasklaidos koncepcijas, ju praktinį taikymą. Taigi nera aišku, kokiu mastu naudojamos hibridinės žiniasklaidos priemonės ir kas yra ju naudotojai. Straipsnyje pateikiamos hibridines žiniasklaidos koncepcijos ir ju praktinio taikymo pavyzdžiai vidaus ryšiu valdymo ir aukštojo mokslo srityse.
Raloxifene Modulates Estrogen-mediated B Cell Autoreactivity in NZB/W F1 Mice
Authors: ZHANG YU , SAHA SUBHRAJIT , ROSENFELD GABRIEL , GONZALEZ JUANA , PEPELJUGOSKI KIRIL P. , PEEVA ELENA
Published: June 2010

Objective.

Estrogen has been found to exacerbate disease activity in murine lupus and to induce a lupus-like syndrome in nonspontaneously autoimmune mice. This has led to the consideration that estrogen may be a risk factor for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) may serve to ameliorate lupus activity. We evaluated the effects and mechanism of action of the SERM raloxifene in murine lupus.

Methods.

Effects of raloxifene on the development of lupus in NZB/W F1 mice were evaluated in the presence and absence of estrogen by assessing the serum DNA reactivity, glomerular IgG deposition and kidney damage, B cell maturation and selection, and activation status of marginal zone and follicular B cells.

Results.

Compared to estradiol-treated mice, mice treated with estradiol and raloxifene had significantly lower serum anti-DNA antibody levels and less kidney damage. These effects of raloxifene were due, at least in part, to antagonism of the influence of estrogen on DNA-reactive B cells. Raloxifene was found to prevent estrogen-mediated suppression of autoreactive B cell elimination at the T1/T2 selection checkpoint, to reduce estrogen-induced CD40 overexpression on follicular B cells, making them less responsive to T cell costimulation, and to ameliorate estrogen-mediated CD22 downregulation on marginal zone B cells, thereby decreasing their responsiveness to B cell antigen receptor-mediated stimuli.

Conclusion.

Raloxifene suppressed estrogen-mediated effects on the survival, maturation, and activation of autoreactive B cells in NZB/W F1 mice.
Ultrasound Elastography Assessment of Skin Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis: Lights and Shadows
Authors: IAGNOCCO ANNAMARIA , KALOUDI OLGA , PERELLA CHIARA , BANDINELLI FRANCESCA , RICCIERI VALERIA , VASILE MASSIMILIANO , PORTA FRANCESCO , VALESINI GUIDO , MATUCCI-CERINIC MARCO
Published: June 2010

Objective.

To assess skin elasticity in systemic sclerosis (SSc) by using a new imaging modality, ultrasound elastography (UE).

Methods.

Our study included 18 consecutive patients with SSc and 15 healthy controls. Modified Rodnan skin score, physical examination, and assessment of organ involvement were performed. UE was carried out on the middle forearm and on the fingers of the dominant arm. The echo signals recorded in real time during freehand operations of probe compression and relaxation produced images representing tissue elasticity, consisting of translucent colored bands superimposed on the B-mode ultrasonographic images. The color scale varied within a large band spectrum from red, indicative of soft and highly elastic tissue, to blue, which denoted hard and barely elastic tissue.

Results.

On the forearm of all patients, UE showed a homogeneous blue area corresponding to the dermis visualized in a B-mode ultrasonographic image; in controls, a blue pattern was never detected and a predominance of green with sporadic areas of pale blue was observed. At sequential evaluations, UE of fingers produced inconstant and changeable colored areas.

Conclusion.

The imaging pattern observed in the forearm of patients with SSc may represent the reduction of strain in the dermis due to loss of elasticity. The variable pattern obtained by finger evaluation demonstrated that UE can assess skin involvement in SSc only in those areas where the dermis is known to be thicker and where the bone hyperreflection is minimal. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and determine the validity of this new imaging modality.