bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Фотонный спектр Eu-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Sn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=-: ab initio расчет
Authors: Чернышев В.А. , Агзамова П.А. , Архипов А.В.
Published: August 2020

Crystal structure and phonon spectrum of crystal Eu2Sn2O7 were studied within the framework of density functional theory and MO LCAO approach. The calculations were performed by using hybrid functional that takes into account both local and nonlocal (in the Hartree–Fock formalism) exchange. The calculations were performed in the CRYSTAL17 program intended for simulating periodic structures in the MO LCAO approximation.
The fundamental vibration frequencies of Eu2Sn2O7 were calculated. The frequencies, intensities and types of the Raman and the IR-active modes have been calculated. An analysis of the displacement vectors obtained from the ab initio calculation, made it possible to estimate the degree of the ion participation in the vibrational mode. The elastic constants of the crystal have been calculated too.
Комбинированные окна для газовых лазеров высокой мощности
Authors: Рогожин М.В. , Рогалин В.Е. , Крымский М.И.
Published: August 2020

Based on the previously developed mathematical model of the behavior of the multi-kilowatt laser window with an unstable cavity, the case of a two-component output window is considered. The two-component window consists of a transparent polycrystalline diamond ring and a central opaque area separated by a plastic vacuum gasket. The central opaque area is equipped with a cryoaccumulator to reduce heat load. Numerical calculations of thermomechanical processes are performed for such windows used in high-power CO2 lasers. Mathematical model used for the calculations consists of three parts - thermophysical, mechanical and optical. The advantages of using a two-component design with a cryoaccumulator under the conditions of a gas laser operating in the multi-kilowatt power range are demonstrated. The dependences of the maximum output power, temperature distribution and mechanical stresses versus the thickness of the window are obtained. The optimal conditions providing maximum radiation strength and minimum beam divergence are considered.
Генерация аттосекундного импульса на основе коллективного спонтанного излучения слоя трехуровневых атомов, возбуждаемых парой униполярных импульсов
Authors: Архипов Р.М. , Архипов М.В. , Бабушкин И. , Пахомов А.В. , Розанов Н.Н.
Published: August 2020

Recently, for the generation of extremely short pulses, a method was proposed for coherent control of the polarization of a medium, based on the excitation of atomic polarization oscillations and their subsequent arrest using a pair of ultra short pulses. The so-called stopped pulse of polarization of the medium, which appears in the interval between its excitation and de-excitation, can be a source of an extremely short radiation pulse. In this paper, the indicated possibility of generating an isolated attosecond ultraviolet pulse in a three-level resonant medium, the parameters of which correspond to a hydrogen atom excited by a pair of unipolar X-ray pulses, is considered theoretically. In this case, the generation mechanism is "antenna", that is, it is caused by the collective spontaneous emission of pre-phased atoms in the absence of a noticeable decay of their free polarization. Key words: collective spontaneous emission, coherent control of atomic polarization, attosecond pulses, unipolar pulses, X-ray pulses, hydrogen atom.
Фотостабильность и фотоиндуцированные процессы в квантовых точках CuInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/ZnS и их гибридных структурах с многослойными нанолентами графена
Authors: Резник И.А. , Куршанов Д.А. , Дубовик А.Ю. , Баранов М.А. , Мошкалев С.А. , Орлова A.O. , Баранов А.В.
Published: August 2020

Исследованы фотостабильность люминесцентных свойств CuInS2/ZnS квантовых точек (CIS/ZnS КТ) в виде монослоя на диэлектрической подложке и в составе гибридной структуры с многослойными нанолентами графена (МНГ). Анализ кинетики люминесценции КТ выявил наличие трeх основных компонент затухания люминесценции, характеризующихся временами порядка 20, 100 и 300 ns. Показано, что эффективность взаимодействия CIS/ZnS КТ и МНГ имеет аналогичную CdSe КТ зависимость от количества монослоeв графена. Произведена оценка фотостабильности CIS/ZnS КТ на диэлектрической подложке и в составе структур с МНГ, позволившая оценить скорости переноса энергии/заряда от КТ к МНГ как 106-107 s-1. Ключевые слова: квантовые точки CuInS2/ZnS, многослойные графеновые наноленты, дефектная люминесценция, перенос энергии/заряда, фотоиндуцированные процессы.
Technologies for the integration of miniaturised silicon sensor systems in fibre-reinforced composites
Authors: Arnold Benjamin , Decker Ricardo , Rost Florian , Bauer Angelika , Mehner Jan , Kroll Lothar , Rzepka Sven , Otto Thomas
Published: August 2020

Functional integration processes gain more and more importance in lightweight engineering. In this paper we discuss how to improve fibre-reinforced composites with structurally integrated condition monitoring systems, suitable for predicting failure behaviour. Especially commercially available and tested silicon sensors, but also new developments are well-suited for this intention. We present a smart semi-finished textile with integrated silicon sensors for in-situ conditions and process monitoring in fibre-reinforced composites. It consists of a textile substrate tape with integrated electrically conductive fibres and various silicon sensors, applied by micro-injection moulding. A so-called “interposer” is used as an electrical adapter between the microstructures of the sensor system and the mesostructures of the textile. The key technology used for the encapsulation and electrical contacting of the sensor nodes is a two-stage two-component micro injection moulding process, allowing for a cost efficient and application specific mass production. As proof of concept we chose the injection moulding process to investigate the influence of the fabrication process on all electronic components with a silicon stress measurement chip. We performed in-situ measurements of temperature and in-plane mechanical stress for different glass fibre contents of the PA6 melt and tool temperatures and compared the results with a finite element simulation.
XML Data and Knowledge-Encoding Structure for a Web-Based and Mobile Antenatal Clinical Decision Support System: Development Study
Authors: Torres Silva Ever Augusto , Uribe Sebastian , Smith Jack , Luna Gomez Ivan Felipe , Florez-Arango Jose Fernando
Published: August 2020

Background

Displeasure with the functionality of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) is considered the primary challenge in CDSS development. A major difficulty in CDSS design is matching the functionality to the desired and actual clinical workflow. Computer-interpretable guidelines (CIGs) are used to formalize medical knowledge in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in a computable language. However, existing CIG frameworks require a specific interpreter for each CIG language, hindering the ease of implementation and interoperability.

Objective

This paper aims to describe a different approach to the representation of clinical knowledge and data. We intended to change the clinician’s perception of a CDSS with sufficient expressivity of the representation while maintaining a small communication and software footprint for both a web application and a mobile app. This approach was originally intended to create a readable and minimal syntax for a web CDSS and future mobile app for antenatal care guidelines with improved human-computer interaction and enhanced usability by aligning the system behavior with clinical workflow.

Methods

We designed and implemented an architecture design for our CDSS, which uses the model-view-controller (MVC) architecture and a knowledge engine in the MVC architecture based on XML. The knowledge engine design also integrated the requirement of matching clinical care workflow that was desired in the CDSS. For this component of the design task, we used a work ontology analysis of the CPGs for antenatal care in our particular target clinical settings.

Results

In comparison to other common CIGs used for CDSSs, our XML approach can be used to take advantage of the flexible format of XML to facilitate the electronic sharing of structured data. More importantly, we can take advantage of its flexibility to standardize CIG structure design in a low-level specification language that is ubiquitous, universal, computationally efficient, integrable with web technologies, and human readable.

Conclusions

Our knowledge representation framework incorporates fundamental elements of other CIGs used in CDSSs in medicine and proved adequate to encode a number of antenatal health care CPGs and their associated clinical workflows. The framework appears general enough to be used with other CPGs in medicine. XML proved to be a language expressive enough to describe planning problems in a computable form and restrictive and expressive enough to implement in a clinical system. It can also be effective for mobile apps, where intermittent communication requires a small footprint and an autonomous app. This approach can be used to incorporate overlapping capabilities of more specialized CIGs in medicine.
A Systematic Framework for Analyzing Observation Data in Patient-Centered Registries: Case Study for Patients With Depression
Authors: Zolnoori Maryam , Williams Mark D , Leasure William B , Angstman Kurt B , Ngufor Che
Published: August 2020

Background

Patient-centered registries are essential in population-based clinical care for patient identification and monitoring of outcomes. Although registry data may be used in real time for patient care, the same data may further be used for secondary analysis to assess disease burden, evaluation of disease management and health care services, and research. The design of a registry has major implications for the ability to effectively use these clinical data in research.

Objective

This study aims to develop a systematic framework to address the data and methodological issues involved in analyzing data in clinically designed patient-centered registries.

Methods

The systematic framework was composed of 3 major components: visualizing the multifaceted and heterogeneous patient-centered registries using a data flow diagram, assessing and managing data quality issues, and identifying patient cohorts for addressing specific research questions.

Results

Using a clinical registry designed as a part of a collaborative care program for adults with depression at Mayo Clinic, we were able to demonstrate the impact of the proposed framework on data integrity. By following the data cleaning and refining procedures of the framework, we were able to generate high-quality data that were available for research questions about the coordination and management of depression in a primary care setting. We describe the steps involved in converting clinically collected data into a viable research data set using registry cohorts of depressed adults to assess the impact on high-cost service use.

Conclusions

The systematic framework discussed in this study sheds light on the existing inconsistency and data quality issues in patient-centered registries. This study provided a step-by-step procedure for addressing these challenges and for generating high-quality data for both quality improvement and research that may enhance care and outcomes for patients.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18366
Patient Portal Barriers and Group Differences: Cross-Sectional National Survey Study
Authors: Turner Kea , Clary Alecia , Hong Young-Rock , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Shea Christopher M
Published: August 2020

Background

Past studies examining barriers to patient portal adoption have been conducted with a small number of patients and health care settings, limiting generalizability.

Objective

This study had the following two objectives: (1) to assess the prevalence of barriers to patient portal adoption among nonadopters and (2) to examine the association between nonadopter characteristics and reported barriers in a nationally representative sample.

Methods

Data from this study were obtained from the 2019 Health Information National Trends Survey. We calculated descriptive statistics to determine the most prevalent barriers and conducted multiple variable logistic regression analysis to examine which characteristics were associated with the reported barriers.

Results

The sample included 4815 individuals. Among these, 2828 individuals (58.73%) had not adopted a patient portal. Among the nonadopters (n=2828), the most prevalent barriers were patient preference for in-person communication (1810/2828, 64.00%), no perceived need for the patient portal (1385/2828, 48.97%), and lack of comfort and experience with computers (735/2828, 25.99%). Less commonly, individuals reported having no patient portal (650/2828, 22.98%), no internet access (650/2828, 22.98%), privacy concerns (594/2828, 21.00%), difficulty logging on (537/2828, 18.99%), and multiple patient portals (255/2828, 9.02%) as barriers. Men had significantly lower odds of indicating a preference for speaking directly to a provider compared with women (odds ratio [OR] 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.94; P=.01). Older age (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02; P<.001), having a chronic condition (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.44-2.33; P<.001), and having an income lower than US $20,000 (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.11-2.34; P=.01) were positively associated with indicating a preference for speaking directly to a provider. Hispanic individuals had significantly higher odds of indicating that they had no need for a patient portal (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.24-2.05; P<.001) compared with non-Hispanic individuals. Older individuals (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06; P<.001), individuals with less than a high school diploma (OR 3.15, 95% CI 1.79-5.53; P<.001), and individuals with a household income of less than US $20,000 (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.88-4.11; P<.001) had significantly higher odds of indicating that they were uncomfortable with a computer.

Conclusions

The most common barriers to patient portal adoption are preference for in-person communication, not having a need for the patient portal, and feeling uncomfortable with computers, which are barriers that are modifiable and can be intervened upon. Patient characteristics can help predict which patients are most likely to experience certain barriers to patient portal adoption. Further research is needed to tailor implementation approaches based on patients’ needs and preferences.
Evaluation of a Mobile App to Enhance Relational Awareness and Change During Cognitive Analytic Therapy: Mixed Methods Case Series
Authors: Kellett Stephen , Easton Katherine , Cooper Martin , Millings Abigail , Simmonds-Buckley Melanie , Parry Glenys
Published: August 2020

Background

There has been a lack of technological innovation regarding improving the delivery of integrative psychotherapies. This project sought to evaluate an app designed to replace previous paper-based methods supporting relational awareness and change during cognitive analytic therapy (CAT).

Objective

We aimed to assess patients’ and therapists’ experience of using the technology (ie, the “CAT-App”) and to evaluate the relationship between app usage and clinical outcome.

Methods

The design was a mixed methods case series. Patients completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure pre- and post-CAT. Mood data plus the frequency and effectiveness of relational awareness and change were collected via the app. Therapists and patients were interviewed about their experiences using the app.

Results

Ten patients (treated by 3 therapists) were enrolled; seven completed treatment and 4 had a reliable improvement in their mental health. App usage and mood change did not differ according to clinical outcome, but there was a statistically significant difference in app usage between completers and dropouts. The qualitative themes described by the therapists were (1) the challenge of incorporating the technology into their clinical practice and (2) the barriers and benefits of the technology. Clients’ themes were (1) data protection, (2) motivation and engagement, and (3) restrictions versus flexibility.

Conclusions

The CAT-App is capable of supporting relational awareness and change and is an upgrade on older, paper-based formats. Further clinical evaluation is required.
Improving Provision of Preanesthetic Information Through Use of the Digital Conversational Agent “MyAnesth”: Prospective Observational Trial
Authors: Ferré Fabrice , Boeschlin Nicolas , Bastiani Bruno , Castel Adeline , Ferrier Anne , Bosch Laetitia , Muscari Fabrice , Kurrek Matt , Fourcade Olivier , Piau Antoine , Minville Vincent
Published: August 2020

Background

Due to time limitations, the preanesthetic consultation (PAC) is not the best time for patients to integrate information specific to their perioperative care pathway.

Objective

The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of a digital companion on patients' knowledge of anesthesia and their satisfaction after real-life implementation.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, monocentric, comparative study using a before-and-after design. In phase 1, a 9-item self-reported anesthesia knowledge test (Delphi method) was administered to patients before and after their PAC (control group: PAC group). In phase 2, the study was repeated immediately after the implementation of a digital conversational agent, MyAnesth (@+PAC group). Patients’ satisfaction and their representations for anesthesia were also assessed using a Likert scale and the Abric method of hierarchized evocation.

Results

A total of 600 tests were distributed; 205 patients and 98 patients were included in the PAC group and @+PAC group, respectively. Demographic characteristics and mean scores on the 9-point preinformation test (PAC group: 4.2 points, 95% CI 3.9-4.4; @+PAC: 4.3 points, 95% CI 4-4.7; P=.37) were similar in the two groups. The mean score after receiving information was better in the @+PAC group than in the PAC group (6.1 points, 95% CI 5.8-6.4 points versus 5.2 points, 95% CI 5.0-5.4 points, respectively; P<.001), with an added value of 0.7 points (95% CI 0.3-1.1; P<.001). Among the respondents in the @+PAC group, 82% found the information to be clear and appropriate, and 74% found it easily accessible. Before receiving information, the central core of patients’ representations for anesthesia was focused on the fear of being put to sleep and thereafter on caregiver skills and comfort.

Conclusions

The implementation of our digital conversational agent in addition to the PAC improved patients' knowledge about their perioperative care pathway. This innovative audiovisual support seemed clear, adapted, easily accessible, and reassuring. Future studies should focus on adapting both the content and delivery of a digital conversational agent for the PAC in order to maximize its benefit to patients.
Prognostic Machine Learning Models for First-Year Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis Patients: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Sheng Kaixiang , Zhang Ping , Yao Xi , Li Jiawei , He Yongchun , Chen Jianghua
Published: August 2020

Background

The first-year survival rate among patients undergoing hemodialysis remains poor. Current mortality risk scores for patients undergoing hemodialysis employ regression techniques and have limited applicability and robustness.

Objective

We aimed to develop a machine learning model utilizing clinical factors to predict first-year mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis that could assist physicians in classifying high-risk patients.

Methods

Training and testing cohorts consisted of 5351 patients from a single center and 5828 patients from 97 renal centers undergoing hemodialysis (incident only). The outcome was all-cause mortality during the first year of dialysis. Extreme gradient boosting was used for algorithm training and validation. Two models were established based on the data obtained at dialysis initiation (model 1) and data 0-3 months after dialysis initiation (model 2), and 10-fold cross-validation was applied to each model. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (recall), specificity, precision, balanced accuracy, and F1 score were used to assess the predictive ability of the models.

Results

In the training and testing cohorts, 585 (10.93%) and 764 (13.11%) patients, respectively, died during the first-year follow-up. Of 42 candidate features, the 15 most important features were selected. The performance of model 1 (AUC 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.84) was similar to that of model 2 (AUC 0.85, 95% CI 0.81-0.86).

Conclusions

We developed and validated 2 machine learning models to predict first-year mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Both models could be used to stratify high-risk patients at the early stages of dialysis.
Covidom, a Telesurveillance Solution for Home Monitoring Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Yordanov Youri , Dechartres Agnes , Lescure Xavier , Apra Caroline , Villie Pascaline , Marchand-Arvier Jerome , Debuc Erwan , Dinh Aurélien , Jourdain Patrick ,   On Behalf Of The AP-HP / Universities / Inserm COVID-19 Research Collaboration
Published: August 2020

In a matter of months, COVID-19 has escalated from a cluster of cases in Wuhan, China, to a global pandemic. As the number of patients with COVID-19 grew, solutions for the home monitoring of infected patients became critical. This viewpoint presents a telesurveillance solution—Covidom—deployed in the greater Paris area to monitor patients with COVID-19 in their homes. The system was rapidly developed and is being used on a large scale with more than 65,000 registered patients to date. The Covidom solution combines an easy-to-use and free web application for patients (through which patients fill out short questionnaires on their health status) with a regional control center that monitors and manages alerts (triggered by questionnaire responses) from patients whose health may be deteriorating. This innovative solution could alleviate the burden of health care professionals and systems while allowing for rapid response when patients trigger an alert.
Educational Issues with Rural Poverty
Authors: Rajter Michael J. , Kim Kioh
Published: August 2020

This paper is significant because it looks at different aspects of minorities in rural poverty. The issue at hand is one that is not often studied or written about, therefore leaving those students at a great disadvantage. Article reviews and analysis show that minorities in rural poverty are a group unto themselves and must be treated accordingly. Teachers in these situations must (a) forget about generalized views on minorities and/or poverty and concentrate on becoming poverty-aware and (b) must connect and build relationships with their students.
РАЗРАБОТКА СИСТЕМЫ ЗАЩИТЫ ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ДОКУМЕНТООБОРОТА НА ОСНОВЕ КРИПТОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ АЛГОРИТМОВ
Authors: Ряполова Е. , Студянникова М. , Цветкова К.
Published: August 2020

Предложен проект системы защиты электронного документооборота на основе криптографических алгоритмов. Система представляет собой удобный REST API интерфейс для внедрения в существующую среду и обеспечения высокой производительности. Разработаны концептуальные схемы взаимодействия компонентов, диаграммы прецедентов, определена последовательность действий. Структурная схема системы защиты электронного документооборота состоит из четырех подсистем: аутентификации, управления доступом, криптографической защиты информации и подсистемы работы с электронными документами. Реализована система защиты на языке программирования Python и платформе Django.
ПО ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЮ ОПТИЧЕСКОГО ВОЛОКНА РОССИЯ СЕРЬЕЗНО ОТСТАЛА ОТ МИРОВЫХ ЛИДЕРОВ
Authors: Николаев А.В.
Published: August 2020

Пять лет назад, 27 августа 2015 года, Глава Республики Мордовия Владимир Волков продемонстрировал Президенту России Владимиру Путину продукцию АО "Оптиковолоконные Системы" (ОВС) – первое отечественное оптическое волокно (ОВ) для телекоммуникаций. В нашей стране после нескольких, увы, неудачных попыток было создано собственное производство важнейшего компонента оптических кабелей, без которых невозможно представить современные сети связи – кровеносную систему цифровой экономики. Сегодня продукция построенного в столице Республики Мордовия Саранске "с нуля" завода известна уже в 14 странах, постоянно растет его доля на российском рынке волокна, с высокотехнологичным производством с интересом знакомятся многие зарубежные делегации, посещающие Мордовию. О пройденном за пять лет непростом пути единственного подобного в России и странах постсоветского пространства предприятия и планах дальнейшего развития продуктовой линейки оптического волокна корреспонденту "ПЕРВОЙ МИЛИ" рассказал генеральный директор АО "Оптиковолоконные Системы" А.В.Николаев, возглавляющий компанию с 2013 года.
The Comparison of Imbalanced Data Handling Method in Software Defect Prediction
Authors: Khadijah Khadijah , Sasongko Priyo Sidik
Published: August 2020

Software testing is a crucial process in software development life cycle which will affect the software quality. However, testing is a tedious task and resource consuming. Software testing can be conducted more efficiently by focusing this activitiy to software modules which is prone to defect. Therefore, an automated software defect prediction is needed. This research implemented Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) as classification algorithm because of its simplicity in training process and good generalization performance. Aside classification algorithm, the most important problem need to be addressed is imbalanced data between samples of positive class (prone to defect) and negative class. Such imbalance problem could bias the performance of classifier. Therefore, this research compared some approaches to handle imbalance problem between SMOTE (resampling method) and weighted-ELM (algorithm-level method).The results of experiment using 10-fold cross validation on NASA MDP dataset show that including imbalance problem handling in building software defect prediction model is able to increase the specificity and g-mean of model. When the value of imbalance ratio is not very small, the SMOTE is better than weighted-ELM. Otherwise, weighted-ELM is better than SMOTE in term of sensitivity and g-mean, but worse in term of specificity and accuracy.Software testing is a crucial process in software development life cycle which will affect the software quality. However, testing is a tedious task and resource consuming. Software testing can be conducted more efficiently by focusing this activitiy to software modules which is prone to defect. Therefore, an automated software defect prediction is needed. This research implemented Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) as classification algorithm because of its simplicity in training process and good generalization performance. Aside classification algorithm, the most important problem need to be addressed is imbalanced data between samples of positive class (prone to defect) and negative class. Such imbalance problem could bias the performance of classifier. Therefore, this research compared some approaches to handle imbalance problem between SMOTE (resampling method) and weighted-ELM (algorithm-level method).The results of experiment using 10-fold cross validation on NASA MDP dataset show that including imbalance problem handling in building software defect prediction model is able to increase the specificity and g-mean of model. When the value of imbalance ratio is not very small, the SMOTE is better than weighted-ELM. Otherwise, weighted-ELM is better than SMOTE in term of sensitivity and g-mean, but worse in term of specificity and accuracy.
Formulation and Evaluation of New Dosage Form of Calcium and Vitamin D
Authors: Sharma Satish Kumar , Singh Anand , Bhandari Anil , Singh Sudhir
Published: August 2020

The aim of the research work was to develop a new dosage form (tablet in tablet) of calcium and vitamin D. In this research work vitamin D3 was used as vitamin D. This type of dosage form is very useful for elder people and children who have a week swallowing reflex. They have difficulty in swallowing tablets with water. In the present research work, pre-formulated and evaluated chewable tablets of calcium and vitamin D3 (from Formulation and Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Calcium and Vitamin D) were taken and then moulded into a jelly like material under specified conditions of temperature and humidity and a new dosage form was developed which is sweet, flavored and chewable dosage form (tablet in tablet). The new dosage form was subjected to various tests for evaluation of the new dosage form.
Formulation and Evaluation of Ointment of Valproic Acid
Authors: Singh Sudhir , Singh Anand , Bhandari Anil , Sharma Satish Kumar , Singh Sumer , Kumar Dinesh
Published: August 2020

The objective of proposed study are as to the developed low dose maintenance therapy so reduce the risk of potential side-effects and improve patient compliance. The present study is focused on the development of transdermal drug delivery system (Patches) for sustain delivery of Valproic Acid.
In Vitro Assessment of Some Brands of Fluconazole Capsules Marketed in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Nkemakolam Nwachukwu , C Ugoeze Kenneth , Oluigbo Kennedy Emeka
Published: August 2020

Objectives: A routine in vitro pharmacopeial quality assessment of five brands of fluconazole capsules with label claims of 50.0 mg marketed in Port Harcourt, Nigeria was carried out to ascertain their consistencies.

Methods: The brands were procured from various pharmacies in Port Harcourt and coded Fluco-A, Fluco-B, Fluco-C, Fluco-D and Fluco-E. Visual assessments of the samples were carried out besides in vitro quality considerations such as identification of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), capsules uniformity of weight, disintegration, an assay of the total content of fluconazole and dissolution studies.

Results: Each brand contained fluconazole with relevant product packet information uncompromisingly conspicuous.The label claims for fluconazole contents were satisfactory. The weight variation of the capsulesacross the brands were between 170.25 mg ± 2.25% -333.14 mg ± 1.50 %. Each brand disintegrated within 10 min. Total drug content was within 88.43 ± 0.12% to 102.96 ± 0.53 %.Above 80.0% of fluconazole was released within 30.0 min in the release studies of the respective brands.

Conclusion: The results obtained for the capsules uniformity of weight, disintegration time, the total content of the API and the drug release profiles were within acceptable limits of the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP).
Formulation and Evaluation of Vanishing Herbal Cream of Crude Drugs
Authors: Prajakta Shinde , Shahu Khule
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the present research work was to formulate and evaluate vanishing herbal cream. Herbal creams offer several advantages over other creams. The majority of existing creams which has prepared from drugs of synthetic origin and give extras fairness to face, but it has several side effects such as itching or several allergic reactions. Herbal creams do not have any of these side effects, without side effects it gives the fairness look to skin. Method carried out to prepare herbal cream was very simple. Firstly, oil phase was prepared, mixture of stearic acid (17%), potassium hydroxide (0.5%), sodium carbonate (0.5%) were melted at 700C. Secondly aqueous phase was prepared, mixture of alcoholic extract of crude drugs, including C. officinalis and A.indica, Turmeric, Nutmeg, Cinnamon, are commercially available as extracts and in different formulation to be used either for cosmetic purposes or for medical use. Glycerin (6%), perfume (0.5%), water (71%) heated at 70O c. Then aqueous phase was added into the oil phase at 70O c with continuous stirring. Now, once the transfer was completed it was allowed to come at room temperature all the while being stirred. Perfume was added at last just before the finished product was transferred to suitable container. The above prepared herbal cream was evaluated. The physical parameters such as pH, homogeneity by visual and by touch, appearance, wash ability, consistency, Patch test, irritancy test accelerated stability studies, type of smear were determined. Further studies are needed to investigate this formulation for its performance.
A Review on Pharmacovigilance Process In India
Authors: Mishra Preti , Upadhyay Pawan , Rawat Ravi , Dar Tajamul Ashraf , Dev Kapil , Chauhan Nidhi
Published: August 2020

Peoples are using more potent drugs with various medical conditions. pharmacovigilance helps in safe and convenient use of pharmaceutical drugs. Voluntary recording of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a chief component of pharmacovigilance. Adverse drug reactions have become a dominant health related problems in developing countries like India. The main objective of pharmacovigilance is the assessment of benefit-risk profile of drug for better potency and safety in patients. In terms of volume India pharmaceutical industries is third largest in the world so India has a core of clinical research and drug design & development. This review article explains the need of pharmacovigilance in pharma companies, the growth of pharmacovigilance in different centuries and current status of pharmacovigilance in the country.
Farmer’s Lungs Disease: It’s Take A Breath Away!
Authors: Singh Dolat , Soni Sankar Lal , Sharma Vandana
Published: August 2020

Farmers were evaluated for the presence of farmer’s lung disease by serologic methods and by clinical histories. Farmer’s  lung  disease  (FLD)  is  a  form  of  hypersensitivity  pneumonitis  (HP)  caused  by  inhaling  microorganisms  from  hay  or  grain  stored  in  conditions  of  high  humidity  in  the  agricultural  workplace. The  epidemiology  of  the  disease  is  not  well  known,  and  is  based  on  studies  conducted  by  Central European  and  Asian  groups. The  clinical  presentation  may  vary,  differentiating  the  chronic  (exposure  to  lower  concentrations  of the  antigen  over  a  longer  period  time)  and  the  acute  forms  (after  exposure  to  high  concentrations  of the  antigen). It  is  more common  in  middle-aged  men,  although  this  probably  reﬂects  differences  in  exposure  levels.  It  is  also  more  common  in  non-smokers, probably  because  tobacco  reduces  the  IgG  response  to  inhaled antigens,  affects  cytokine  production,  and  alters  macrophage function. The etiology of the disease is clear - the inhalation of mouldy hay dust - and much can be done to prevent it ifthis is borne in mind. Mouldy hay dust is a very complex material consisting of innumerable fungal spores, hyphae and bacteria and fragments of vegetable matter. The treatment of FLD is based mainly on avoiding exposure to the antigen. This is the only measure that has been shown to delay disease progression. Corticosteroids are traditionally recommended in patients with impaired lung function and beta agonist and alpha blockers are also helpful in the treatment of disease.
Sistemas, estereotipos y singularidades en psicoterapia entrevista a Marcelo Pakman
Authors: Arellano Jiménez Fabiola Inés
Published: August 2020

Aunque se supone que lo narrativo intentaba salir del estereotipo y recuperar lo que era único en la vida de las personas, ha fracasado con frecuencia en eso, porque las narrativas que uno oye en el campo de la terapia, sospechosamente se parecen mucho las unas a las otras. Lo que pasa es la gente viene a la terapia ya un poco narrativizada, un poco estereotipada y pareciéndose los unos a los otros, diciendo cosas muy parecidas, basta salir a la calle y escuchar a las personas. Uno muy rápidamente se entera de qué van las conversaciones y eso quiere decir que justamente está todo el proceso muy estereotipado.
Estadística robusta aplicada a las medidas de localización y escala: Nota Técnica
Authors: Ruiz Méndez David , Quezada Mirna Elizabeth , Vega Valero Cynthia Zaira
Published: August 2020

Cuando se realiza la medición de una variable, es común que las estimaciones derivadas de una muestra de datos presenten una cantidad sustancial de sesgo. Algunos de los factores responsables son la asimetría de la distribución o la presencia de valores extremos. En la psicología y ciencias sociales es usual encontrar que los estadígrafos más empleados, como la media aritmética y su error estándar asociado, sean estimadores imprecisos para extraer información y poder hacer inferencias. Para solucionar esta situación, el investigador puede hacer uso de la estadística robusta. Esta estadística, ofrece una serie de estimadores alternativos resistentes a la influencia de los datos atípicos en una distribución, resultando en información e inferencias más precisas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir un conjunto de procedimientos para calcular medidas de localización y escala con métodos robustos empleando el lenguaje de programación R y el software estadístico SPSS. Primero, se revisarán métodos de detección de datos atípicos de manera visual y cuantitativa. Posteriormente, se revisarán alternativas para las medidas de localización como la media recortada, la media winsorizada y el estimador M. Cada medida estará acompañada de su correspondiente error estándar. Por último, se presentarán medidas de escala, como el rango intercuartil y su modificación denominada cuartos ideales. Se concluye, invitando al lector al uso razonado de los procedimientos en congruencia con sus posibilidades, intereses e implicaciones teóricas y metodológicas.
COMPETÊNCIAS OSTENSIVAS: O COTIDIANO DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ATUANTES EM ACADEMIAS DE MUSCULAÇÃO
Authors: Sousa Siony Rocha de , Macedo Christiane Garcia , Mélo Roberta De Sousa
Published: August 2020

Centrado nas referências de corpo e subjetividade fornecidas pelo capitalismo em suas formas atuais, bem como nas supostas ressonâncias desses modelos na rotina de professores de Educação Física atuantes em academias de musculação, o estudo teve como objetivo compreender os modos pelos quais os participantes articulam suas atribuições profissionais às demais experiências de seu cotidiano. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, sendo o material empírico obtido através de 16 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os materiais analisados evidenciam uma mobilização constante da dimensão corporal dos professores. Em geral, sua rotina lhes exige uma intensa disposição física, além de uma racionalização de si e do corpo que lhes permita evidenciar os atributos estéticos e de desempenho pelos quais sua competência profissional é atestada.
A DISPUTA PELO FUNDO PÚBLICO NO FINANCIAMENTO E GASTO COM ESPORTE NOS GOVERNOS LULA E DILMA
Authors: Carneiro Fernando Henrique Silva , Melo Marcelo Paula de , Reis Nadson Santana , Mascarenhas Fernando
Published: August 2020

Este artigo objetivou compreender a disputa pelo fundo público no âmbito do financiamento e gasto com esporte nos Governos Lula e Dilma. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, se apoiou em levantamento documental sobre as fontes de financiamento e o direcionamento do gasto com esporte de 2004 a 2015. Tais informações foram coletadas no Portal Transparência no Esporte, no SIGA Brasil e nos Demonstrativos dos Gastos Tributários de Bases Efetivas da Receita Federal do Brasil. Os dados apontam que o financiamento e o gasto com esporte nos Governos Lula e Dilma envolveram diferentes interesses econômicos, sociais e políticos que, por seu turno, se atrelaram às diferentes fontes de financiamento – orçamento, extraorçamento e gastos tributários – e influíram no direcionamento do gasto – Esporte de Alto Rendimento; Esporte, Educação, Lazer e Inclusão Social; Infraestrutura; Megaeventos Esportivos; e Gestão.
CONSCIÊNCIA HISTÓRICA DE ESTUDANTES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA TEORIA DA APRENDIZAGEM HISTÓRICA DE JÖRN RÜSEN
Authors: Pereira Mateus Camargo , Impolcetto Fernanda Moreto
Published: August 2020

o objetivo desta investigação foi identificar o tipo de Consciência Histórica e competências de orientação de estudantes de Educação Física produzidas a partir de Curso Online Aberto e Massivo com o tema “história do futebol praticado por mulheres no Brasil”. A pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória produziu dados por meio de atividade avaliativa do curso. Foram confeccionadas respostas à questão problema relacionada à jovem Cristina e suas dúvidas em relação à tentativa de se tornar jogadora profissional. Os concluintes elaboraram dez Narrativas Históricas de acordo com o conceito de Jörn Rüsen. Oito expressaram uma Consciência Histórica Genética e dois do tipo Crítica. Como competência de orientação sinalizaram-se: o engajamento na modalidade; a construção de uma alternativa caso a profissionalização não desse certo; a perspectiva de carreira no exterior. Tal estudo traz ao campo um instrumental teórico que pode contribuir para qualificar o ensino da História da Educação Física.
Usos da comédia ática pelos sofistas imperiais
Authors: Barbara da Costa e Silva
Published: August 2020

No presente artigo, buscamos colocar em evidência alguns exemplos de usos feitos pelos sofistas imperiais da comédia ática clássica. Para isso, primeiro alocamos a produção sofística imperial em seu contexto histórico e, depois, analisamos brevemente casos específicos nas obras de, por exemplo, Luciano, Díon Crisóstomo, Favorino e Corício. Esperamos que o trabalho revele algo sobre os modos da mimesis literária no Império, contribuindo para o entendimento da intersecção entre retórica e literatura nesse período.
IMPACTOS E VARIABILIDADE NO CLIMA URBANO DE RECIFE – PE (BRASIL)
Authors: Medeiros Raimundo Mainar de
Published: August 2020

Tem-se como objetivo identificar oscilações e tendências mensais e anuais das variáveis meteorológicas: temperaturas máxima e mínima do ar, precipitação, umidade relativa do ar, número de dias com chuva, insolação total, intensidade do vento e cobertura de nuvens. Utilizou-se da distribuição teórica de probabilidade: Weibull, Log-normal e Logística para o ajuste dos valores das variáveis supracitadas. Foi utilizado o teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov para verificar o ajuste das funções teóricas. Os dados utilizados foram adquiridos do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, compreendendo a série do período de 1962 a 2015. Para a determinação das distribuições teóricas de probabilidade ajustadas aos extremos anuais dos dados em estudo, utilizou-se dos métodos de máxima verossimilhança para estimar os parâmetros das distribuições. O teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov foi usado para comparar os ajuste e selecionar as melhores distribuições teóricas. Os ajustes também foram avaliados em gráficos. O desmatamento da vegetação nativa para construção de bairros, favelas e edificações superiores a seis pavimentos vem registrando impacto urbano, altas incidências de queimadas nas circunvizinhanças, os elevados índices de desertificação, assoreamento dos rios, riachos, córregos, poços, cacimba, lagos, lagoas vem ocasionando o rebaixamento do lençol freático e reduzindo o volume de água subterrânea. As distribuições Weibull e Logística foram que melhores se ajustaram à precipitação, à insolação, à umidade relativa, à temperatura mínima e à cobertura de nuvem.
A “SOCIOBIODIVERSIDADE SERTANEJA” DE GOIÁS: VISLUMBRES DA LEITURA DO SUJEITO
Authors: Borges Júlio César Pereira , Chaveiro Eguimar Felício , Marques Ana Carolina de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

A pesquisa sobre a sociobiodiversidade sertaneja de Goiás pode oferecer uma reflexão do sujeito, a partir de um universo amplo, com possibilidades várias, hoje redescobertas e revalorizadas pela riqueza cultural e histórica, ao colocar em destaque a relação entre espaço e sujeito. Com o objetivo de analisar a existência do sertanejo de Goiás como essência da cultura caipira e do modo de viver no Sertão goiano, esse trabalho, ao imbricar dialeticamente sujeito e espaço, demonstra que o Sertão consiste na organização espacial que comporta o econômico, o político, o social e o cultural na ordem da ruralidade. Por isso, o sertão é enraizador dos códigos socioculturais da tradição goiana. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica, complementada por entrevistas baseadas na oralidade, buscando evidenciar a existência de uma sociedade que, a partir dos seus hábitos, revela a arte do existir, ora num regime de cooperação, ora em conflitos sociais.
A Influência da globalização no direito contemporâneo
Authors: Marangoni Keila Fernanda , Olsson Giovanni
Published: August 2020

O artigo tem por objetivo investigar os impactos da globalização no direito contemporâneo. O trabalho dedica-se a, inicialmente, abordar o surgimento, evolução e consolidação do fenômeno, em relação ao tempo e espaço, tratando dos aspectos gerais da globalização. Em seguida, analisam-se os efeitos da globalização em diferentes perspectivas e âmbitos, demonstrando-se a alta complexidade que envolve o seu estudo científico. Por fim, averiguam-se os impactos da globalização no direito, perpassando as modulações causadas nas instituições e nas relações sociais, estatuindo um novo paradigma científico e social. O estudo aponta que várias questões, como cidadania, povo, poder e Estado, são modificadas diante da formação e expansão da sociedade mundial, onde o fenômeno influencia diretamente as relações políticas e o papel do Estado e do Direito. A conclusão é no sentido de que, apesar da dificuldade enfrentada pela clássica estrutura racional-burocrática na regulação da sociedade contemporânea, o direito continua sendo o caminho menos cooptado pela lógica global.
O O OUVINTE E A MESA-REDONDA ESPORTIVA NO RÁDIO: uma extensão do “papo de bar”
Authors: GUIMARÃES Carlos
Published: August 2020

O artigo pretende analisar o comportamento dos ouvintes de quatro programas de mesa redonda no rádio esportivo de Porto Alegre a partir da participação deles em fóruns de discussão. Estes espaços são a área de comentários do Facebook durante a realização dos debates. Considera-se a hipótese de que estes fóruns operam como uma continuidade do que é discutido nos programas. Situa-se teoricamente a partir de conceber o rádio sendo, em primeiro momento, um companheiro (BRECHT, 2000) e uma extensão de sentidos do homem (McLUHAN, 1964). Pretende-se observar a ação do ouvinte nesta relação, entendendo-o como um agente de produção no conteúdo radiofônico através do seu agir comunicativo (HABERMAS, 1981) e do papel assumido por ele neste ambiente (GOFFMAN, 2014). Para analisar esse material, utiliza-se a análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016) como metodologia principal.

Palavras-chave

Rádio; Jornalismo Esportivo; Redes Sociais; Audiência; Mesa-redonda esportiva.
TRAZAS DE UNA PROPUESTA EDUCATIVA Y ARTÍSTICA EN CÁRCELES
Authors: Umpierrez Analia
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se interroga sobre qué es lo que pasa con aquello que la universidad ofrece, aquello que se despliega como propuesta en espacios carcelarios. ¿Podemos identificar cambios en quienes transitan por las propuestas de la Universidad? Esperamos poder dar cuenta del alcance de las prácticas educativas y artísticas de la Universidad en la cárcel recuperando el valor de la educación como transmisión y recreación del saber acumulado pero especialmente como posibilidad de modificación de otros y el compromiso ético que esto implica. Esto conlleva dejar de buscar resultados medibles exclusivamente como política de evaluación de resultados de la Universidad para interrogarnos sobre las oportunidades de incidir en la formación ciudadana de quienes transitan los espacios que ofrece la academia en contextos de privación de libertad ambulatoria. Es por ello que elegimos nombrar esta idea como traza ya que se trata de una “huella, vestigio o rastro de una cosa o persona” deja en otra. Se busca poder dar cuenta de algunas de esas trazas a partir de la voz de quienes participan en este encuentro; educadores y personas privadas de libertad.