bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Approach to Battery Capacity Prediction Based on Hybrid ARMA and ANN Model
Authors: Dong Han Cheng , Zhang San Tong , Li Qing Hua , Wang Chang Hong
Published: July 2012

Research on battery prognostics and health monitoring (PHM) is important in many engineering areas, and battery capacity is a good indicator of battery condition, this paper introduces a new approach to predict battery capacity use hybrid ARMA and ANN model. First, two time series forecast models ARMA and ANN are introduced, since these two models have their own shortcoming in forecasting nonlinear and linear time series respectively, hybrid ARMA and ANN model are established in order to combine both advantage of the two and get more precise prediction result. Then capacity data applied in this paper is described, prediction results and errors based on these data and among three models are compared. At last, the conclusion that hybrid model shows the best performance and will provide a new approach to realize battery capacity predictor is given.
Study of Development IETM Based on S1000D Specification
Authors: Wan Zheng Jing
Published: July 2012

The Interactive Electronic Technical Manual (IETM) can solve some practical application problems of the traditional paper technical manuals on storing difficulty and resource sharing inefficiency well. The S1000D specification is an international specification of development IETM. In the paper the S1000D specification is introduced briefly. Then the meanings of Data Module (DM) and Common Source Database (CSDB) which are the core concepts of the S1000D specification are analyzed. At last, the development process of IETM based on S1000D specification is given.
The Relative Efficiencies of the Aggregated Improved Generalized Ridge Estimators of the Parameters in the Linear Model
Authors: Zhou Yong Zheng , Lv Wen Tao
Published: July 2012

For the linear model with aggregated data, In this paper, we proposed the aggregated improved generalized ridge estimators of the parameters and two kinds relative efficiencies of the estimators with respect to least square estimator. The upper of relative efficiency bound on two kinds are obtained.
Ant Colony Clustering Algorithm for Handwritten Arabic Numeral Recognition
Authors: Hu Kai Hua , Liu Bing Xiang , Zhang Yu Jing
Published: July 2012

This article is based on Ant Colony Clustering Algorithm for Handwritten Arabic Numeral Recognition on an image. Under the precondition of the clustering numbers are known and a adequate treatment process was developed for the image, we carry through cluster analysis to digital image by experiment. The article elaborates on the basic concepts and the algorithm’s principle of Ant Colony Clustering Algorithm. The workflow to the algorithmic flow of Ant Colony Clustering Algorithm will be elaborated in the following chapters. The paper also detailed discuss the implement of the algorithm.
Model of Customer Loss Based on Cluster and Neural Network
Authors: Wu Yan , Liu Bing Xiang , Li Meng Shan
Published: July 2012

In telecom CRM, characters of customer loss are uncertain and complicated. It is difficult to describe using a single algorithm. Both Two-Step clustering algorithms and neural networks analyzing method are adopted in this paper, and build a Telecommunications customer loss prediction model. When it is used in actual area, the rate of accuracy is up to 80.12%.
Research on the Metal Ablation Thresholds of Picosecond Laser
Authors: Duan Jin Peng , Chen Meng , Bai Zhen Xu , Li Gang
Published: July 2012

Detailed studies on the ablation threshold of Mo with picosecond laser pulses are reported in this paper. The laser pulses used for the research were 1064 nm in wave length and 15 ps in pulse duration. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and optical surface analyzer were used to analyze the ablation sample, and by analyzing the linear relationship between the squared diameter of ablation crater and pulses energy we obtained the ablation threshold of Mo with single- and multi-pulses. Influence factors of ablation threshold were observed while analyzing machining process. Finally, the shape and topography of holes drilled by percussion with ablation regularity in Mo were studied, which provided an important guidance for the following applications on picosecond micro-machining.
Synthesis, Properties of Gadolinium Double-Decker Sandwich-Type Complex Containing Tetrabenzoporphyrin Ligand
Authors: Xu Hai Yun , Hu Chun Hua , Liu Qi Feng , Zhao Wen Xian , Liu Ying
Published: July 2012

A novel gadolinium double-decker sandwich-type complex with tetrabenzoporphyrin (TBP) ligands-Gd(TBP)2 was synthesized by the reaction of porphyrin 1 with Gd(acac)3. nH2O in boiling 1, 2, 4-Tcb for 15~17 h under Ar. Its structure is characterized byUv-Vis-NIR and HR-MS. The spectroscopic properties show that the longest-wavelength visible band (600-800 nm) and the strong near-IR absorption band centered near 1340 nm of Gd (TBP)2 complex are obviously red-shifted due to the extension of the π conjugated systems derived from the linear benzoannulation in the TBP ring. The magnetic studies also indicate that the observed value of χMT of Gd(TBP)2 complex is close to the combined value of Gd(III) and porphyrin radical anion at room temperature, and antiferromagnetic interaction that possibly results from the intramolecular spin exchange between the porphyrin π-radical electron, and the gadolinium f unpaired electrons dominates its magnetic properties over the whole temperature range. Since the first report of bis(porphyrinato) metal complexes M(Por)2 such as a cerium(IV) bisporphyrinate, Ce(TPP)2 and hydrogen praseodymium(III), PrH(TPP)2 in 1983[1], sandwich-type rare earth complexes with porphyrin ligands have received increasing attentions due to the unusual physical, spectroscopic, redox, electron transfer, and/or conductivity properties resulting from their strong π-π interactions[2-4]. Whereas the chemistry and properties of homoleptic sandwich complexes containing the same pophyrinato ligands of various lanthanide, actinides and group 4 transition metals have been extensively studied[5-6], actually all of them are confined to the sandwich-type complexes containing meso-substituted porphyrin ligands except for octaethylporphyrin (OEP) or octamethylporphyrin (OMP). Little is known about sandwich-like complexes with aromatic ring-fused porphyrin ligands that contain a more delocalized π system. In this paper, we will describe the preparation of a novel gadolinium homoleptic double-decker sandwich-type complex with tetrabenzoporphyrin (TBP) ligand (see Fig.1) as well as their spectroscopic characterization and magnetic studies.
Application of PCA-CFAR-MNF to Image Enhancement for a UGV FLGPR
Authors: Zhang Han Hua , Wang Yu Ming , Song Qian
Published: July 2012

The UGV (Unmanned Ground Vehicle) FLGPR (Forward-Looking Ground Penetrating Radar) imaging model spatially variable characteristics lead to the relatively low image SCR (Signal-Clutter Ratio). In order to improve the image quality and improve the SCR, the coherence properties of the target in image sequences is used for image enhancement. That is, images from the same region at different time sequence are enhanced two times. First of all, CFAR (Constant False Alarm Rate) is a preliminary step to enhance the image sequence, and then PCA-CFAR-MNF enhancement algorithm is proposed: according to the iterative nature of the MNF (Maximum Noise Fraction), PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method is first used to transform selecting and then CFAR detection is used to estimate the image background in the iteration,. The measured data show that the proposed method not only keeping the target characteristics, but also have remarkable image enhancement effect, and have greatly improved SCR.
The Dynamic Simulations of Throttle Effect for Hydraulic Engine Mount
Authors: Zhang Yun Xia , Hao Ting , He Zhi Min
Published: July 2012

A lumped parameter model is proposed for analysis of dynamic behavior of a Passive Hydraulic Engine Mount (PHEM) with incorporation of throttle, which is characterized by effective and efficient vibration isolation behavior in the range of both low and high frequencies. The experiments are made for the purpose of PHEM validation. The aim of simulation is to discuss the effect of throttle that the key parts of new mount. It has been shown by comparison of the numerical results with the experimental observations that the present PHEM with throttle achieves good performance for vibration isolation.
Design and Implementation of OFDM Baseband Transmission System Based on CORDIC Algorithm and Pipeline FFT
Authors: Yang Jun , Ding Hong Wei , Zhao Ga , Shu Ping Ping
Published: July 2012

This paper designed an OFDM baseband signal transmission system, which adopted CORDIC algorithm, pipeline organization and high-speed floating-point butterfly unit to complete the customized FFT Processor, and the modulation of the signal was realized by enhancing modulation mode (64-QAM) in the adaptive modulation mode. Meanwhile, due to FPGA technology is reconfigurable and parallel, the signal has a higher transmission rate. The system used FPGA resources reasonably and integrated highly, simplifying the complexity of the system; eventually it was adapted to the EP2C35F672C6 chip of Altera, and can be normally operated in the clock frequency of 100 MHz; At the same time, this system the system has high flexibility and generality, simple structure, and good clutter suppression, so it has a certain application prospects.
Precise Detection Technology
Authors: Peng Wen Liang , Feng Wei Gong , Su Yu
Published: July 2012

This paper mainly studies the application in the assembly line production by precision instruments and sensors, proposed the use of sensor technology and WEB technology to control lines on the transmission system. It can enhance the production of the compatibility between devices by real-time monitoring, so that each process can be more perfect articulation and reach to reduce the production cost for the entire production line monitoring.
The Research on New and High-Grade Screen-Printing Ceramic Decal Paper under Glaze Color of once Firing
Authors: Yu Bing Feng
Published: July 2012

The paper takes self-developed great aqueous inking oil formulated into screen-printing aqueous ceramic ink under glaze color of once firing as the breakthrough point to choose proper decal paper and the best paper structure. It adopts modern screen-printing technology and searches new production process of ceramic decal under glaze color to solve some problems, such as the uselessness of fine lines, the mistakes of the short line, fault ink and color problem during delicate screen-printing and appliqué, and the defects of injury of glaze during appliqué, and to research new and high-grade screen-printing ceramic decal paper under glaze color of once firing.
The Application of WiMAX and Mesh Network Technology at Fire Communication
Authors: Wang Zhi Ping
Published: July 2012

In order to solve the problem of communication on the site of disaster for fire fighting forces to implement their duties in the public domain, advanced WiMAX Mesh structure and characteristics are introduced, also Analysis the security solutions scheme of WiMAX and mesh networking technologies in the field of fire communication, satisfy the needs of data scheduling, fixed or mobile video surveillance, vehicle or personnel location ,emergency communications of mobile command vehicles and other business needs for site command.
Study on the Construction Technology of the Complex Steal Structure of the International Conference Center
Authors: Bao Wen Lei , Wang Fu Kui
Published: July 2012

The challenge in civil engineering construction is first to design and then to build, the structure should be of less cost, architecture appearance and ecological sustainability. Take Guangzhou International Conference Center as a sample, analyze the design characteristics of the structure, and discuss the special construction technology on different structures. The results shows that the architecture is of great success from the technological point of view, the special shape and complex structure are unique comparing with other architectures, which assure the high quality and large-span apperance of the architecture.
The Application of Hybrid Design Method in Car Body Design
Authors: Hou Shi Yuan
Published: July 2012

Reverse design and forward design have their strong points each other. The advantages of reverse design lie in the treatment of free-form complex modeling, while forward design is good in modeling in simpler feature. The car body often contains complex curved surface and some simple features. Through a single reverse or forward design can’t realize the efficient design. In order to combine advantages of reverse and forward design, using the hybrid design process design can improve the efficiency of the development of car body.
The Application and Research of Flexible Design in Modern Furniture Manufacturing
Authors: Yang Xin
Published: July 2012

According to the current market of furniture and furniture, manufacturing enterprises is using flexible design. And traditional furniture production process, and on the basis of this paper put forward a new concept offurniture flexible manufacturing technology and furniture flexible manufacturing systems.
Experimental Research on Vibration Transmission and Isolation for Ship’s Seawater Piping System
Authors: Liu Yong , Meng Hai Bo , Lv Wei Jian
Published: July 2012

Noise caused by vibration in ship’s seawater piping system can easily transfer outboard. This will destroy the stealth of some military ships for especial purpose. In this paper, experiments were carried out to investigate the pipe vibration under the prompting of seawater pump in a testing platform. The vibration transmission character along pipeline is researched and the isolation effects of shock absorption bracket and flexible rubber bellows were analyzed. Based on the results, some advices were given for the vibration resisting of the seawater piping system.
Study of Relationship of Release Parameters and Practical Influential Factors in Mechanics Models of the Distance of Shot Putting
Authors: Zhang Bing
Published: July 2012

It is a controversial topic that the reference relationship between ideal distance of the shot putting and practical training. This paper analyzes the optimal release angle and its practical limitation of ideal model, by principles of mechanics, building mathematical model by deduce of mathematics and physics and according to the practical features of Kinesiology. The results demonstrate, the optimal release angle can only act as the quantitative index for teaching and training, not the optimal results of training and competition. During the teaching and training, according to the reality, relating to self-feature of athletes, use the reasonable parameters, so as to benefit for technology and training in order to improve the grades of athletes.
Optimization of Synthesis Process for Sodium Ascorbate
Authors: Wang Jing Chen , Cui Feng Xia , Li Tao
Published: July 2012

With 2-keto-L-gulonic acid(2KLG) and methanol as raw materials, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst, the methyl esterification reaction is occurred. Then with sodium carbonate as a transforming agent, a conversion reaction sodium carbonate is obtained. In this experiment, the effects of reaction time, reaction temperature and reactant ratio on conversion rate of sodium ascorbate were studied. The results showed that sodium carbonate as the reactant of lactonization reaction can effectively shorten the reaction time and improve reaction yield. By experiment under the optimum process conditions: the reaction temperature is 65 °C, reaction time is 150 minutes and the molar ratio of 2-keto-L-gu methyl to sodium carbonate is 1:0.6, the conversion rate reaches 98 % and the effect is better than with sodium bicarbonate as transforming agent.
Enhancement of Dissolution Rate of Daidzein in Ternary Solid Dispersions
Authors: Wang Hui , Xu Hong Xin , Zhang Na , Hu Lian Dong
Published: July 2012

The purpose of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate of daidzein (DZ) by solid dispersions. DZ solid dispersion was prepared by solvent method, with PVP K30 and surfactant as carriers. The influences of drug-carrier proportion, the kind of surfactant and the amount of surfactant on the dissolution of DZ were examined. Solid dispersions were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and dissolution tests. When appropriate amount of poloxamer was added into the solid dispersion, the dissolution of DZ could be improved obviously. The data of IR showed that the absence of well-defined drug-polymer interactions. The data of X-ray diffraction showed that the drug might exist in the form of amorphism or molecule in solid dispersions. Both the binary and ternary solid dispersions enhanced the dissolution of DZ. Moreover, poloxamer played an important positive role in improving the dissolution rate of DZ in the solid dispersion.
Determination on Solubility and RESS of Risocaine
Authors: Liu Yong Bing , Wu Xing , Liu Yue Jin , Yi Jian Min
Published: July 2012

To prepare ultra-fine particles and offer correlative applications such as the micronization of drugs with rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS), the first work in measuring the solubility of risocaine has been carried out at different operation conditions in this paper. The trend of solubility due to changes in specific operational parameters has been examined. The results of pressure (9-30 MPa) and temperature (308-328K) effecting on solubility show that the solubility increases mainly along with the increasing density. With applying different models to correlate the solubility data, we found Chrastil models had better correlation effects than the Peng Robinson EOS model, Mendez-Santiago and Teja equation model, with providing a nearly perfect average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 0.0596. In the second part of work, RESS was applied to prepare risocaine particles at five different process conditions, including extraction temperature (308-328K), extraction pressure (9-30MPa), nozzle temperature (100-120°C), nozzle diameter (0.1-0.4nm) and spray distance (2-4cm).The size and morphology were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On the basis of the different experimental operation conditions, granular, filmily and threadlike particles with diameter (1-100nm) were obtained, it was also demonstrated that a successful size reduction of risocaine particles.
Optimizing the Fermentation Process for Recombinant Escherichia coli on Base of Metabolic Flux Analysis of Amino Acids
Authors: Zhang Tao , Luo Yan E , Fan Dai Di , Guo Lei , Mu Ting Zhen
Published: July 2012

Amino acids, the basic unit of protein molecules, are closely related to some important biological activities and they affect cell growth and metabolism directly or indirectly. Previous studies showed that adding amino acids can improve the productivity of human-like collagen (HLC). Thus, we analyzed the amino acids metabolism during the fermentation process. The results of metabolic flux analysis of amino acids implied that the cell growth and production of HLC were active as long as the free amino acids in the medium were adequate. This suggested control the concentration of amino acids could improve cell growth and human-like collagen production.
Research on the White-Rot Fungi Degradation of Lignocellulose of Straw
Authors: Liu Jiang Hong , Chen Yi Tong , Xu Rui Dan , Sun Hong
Published: July 2012

The degradation law of straw lignin by white-rot fungi was studied. The adding amount of synthetic medium, the inoculum size and the temperature were investigated by experiment of single factor and orthogonal experiments. In the 6.5g straw fermentation medium, the optimum process conditions of degrading straw lignin by white-rot fungi were as follows: the adding amount of synthetic medium was 14mL; the inoculum size was 0.8mL; the temperature was 35°C. Through the additional experiment, degradation rate of the lignin was 49.50%; the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose were 38.41% and 47.88%, respectively.
Compound and Application Performance of the Plant-Based Anti-UV Finishing Agent
Authors: Chen Li , Liu Yu Sen
Published: July 2012

The pure natural anti-UV finishing agent was extracted respectively from turmeric,Scutellaria and rhubarb by the method of water circumfluence.The compound experiments of anti-UV finishing agent were arranged according to uniform recipe design UM15(153)table,and the best compound program was obtained.The silk fabrics were treated by the compound solution and the UV transmittance,surface morphology,washability,air permeability,capillary effect,breaking strength and breaking elongation of the treated fabrics were measured.The results show that,the UV transmittance T(UVA) of the treated fabric after is 2.61%,T(UVB) is 2.62%,UPF is 41.62.The effect of anti-UV finishing agent is excellent, and the wearabilities of the fabric are not affected.
Effect of G Protein on Stomatal Movement
Authors: Zhang Yuan Hua
Published: July 2012

By means of pharmacological approach and stomatal analysis，the role of G protein in light-regulated stomatal movement in Vicia faba L. was studied. The result shows that CTX, the activator of heterotrimeric G protein α-subunit, induced stomatal closure under light, but this effect can be reversed by ascorbic acid(Vc) and catalase(CAT). It indicated that G protein was blunted by light, and H2O2 may be one downsteam signal molecule in G protein participated light-regulated stomatal movement.
Effect of Oxidation on the Structures and Properties of Lignin
Authors: Zhao Zhen Qiang , Ouyang Xin Ping
Published: July 2012

The effect of three kinds of oxidants, hydrogen peroxide, copper oxide and ammonium persulfate, on the structures and properties of modified lignin were investigated. It is found out that a low dosage of oxidant can result in the increase in the content of active phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl. It is most likely to cleave β-O-4 and C-C bond in lignin molecule. Compared to ammonium persulfate and copper oxide, hydrogen peroxide exhibits relatively mild oxidation to lignin. The oxidation of lignin with excessive ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide can cause free radical polymerization of alkali lignin, leading to the increase of molecular weight and the decrease of the sulfonation degree of the sulfonated lignin followed by oxidation and hydroxymethylation (OSAL). Ammonium persulfate exhibits a stronger capacity to initiate free polymerization reaction compared to hydrogen peroxide, so it is suitable to use a low dosage of ammonium persulfate for the oxidation of alkali lignin. Copper oxide could not cause a free radical polymerization, therefore the molecular weight of the sulfonated lignin is lower, and the sulfonation degree is higher. OSAL with a good dispersive effect to cement paste should simultaneously possess a high sulfonation degree and an appropriate molecular weight.
Preliminary Study of Manufacturing Technique Using Polyester/Stainless Steel Composite Braid for an Artificial Bone Scaffold
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Wen Shih Peng , Hu Jin Jia , Chen Yueh Sheng , Shin Yi , Lin Jia Horng
Published: July 2012

In this study, polyester (PET) fiber and 304 stainless steel (SS) wires are twisted and then braided into multi-layer braids on a braiding machine, forming PET/SS composite braids. The braids form the artificial bone scaffold whose mechanical properties are tested and found to be acceptable and with good biocompatibility. However, scaffold made from polymer does not provide enough strength; thus, PET fibers are combined with SS wires to promote scaffold’s mechanical properties and reduce the stress shielding effect. According to the test results, the braid angle increases with an increase in the number of teeth on the braiding gear; by contrast, tensile strength increases with a decrease in tooth number. In particular, when the gear ratio of the take-up gear to the braid gear is 90:50, the resulting braids yield the optimum tensile strength.
Pilot-Plant Molecular Distillation of Seal Oil Fatty Acids
Authors: Hu Hui , Wang Li Li , Huang Ji Cai , Wu Shu Ming
Published: July 2012

Seal oil fatty acids are the important natural source of some functional fatty acids, for example, DPA, EPA and DHA. The three kinds of effective components (DPA, EPA and DHA) in the rough finished product of seal oil account for about 20% of the total content. However, the healthcare applications using seal oil fatty acids require products with higher purity. To meet this requirement, it is necessary to selectively enrich the content of the effective components in the crude product. A pilot plant VTA wiped film molecular distillation unit is used to give a product (residue). The seal oil fatty acids in residue have a higher content of the effective components (about 26%) than the undistilled material with a content of about 20%. Feed flow rates and evaporator temperatures are varied to observe the resultant of the purity and yield of DPA, EPA and DHA in the residue and the residue to distillate split mass ratio. The maximum values of the purity in the residue fraction are 0.269 (301 °C), 0.263 (310 °C), and 0.266 (317 °C), and the maximum values of the split ratios and yields occur at 294 °C (1.392, 0.694), 299 °C (1.588, 0.727), and 309 °C (1.380, 0.685). Therefore, there is a trade-off between the yield and purity of DPA, EPA and DHA in the residue. The higher the temperature is, the higher the purity but the lower yield. In conclusion, seal oil fatty acids can be successfully purified for healthcare applications using a pilot plant wiped film molecular distillation unit and high vacuum.
Purification, Analysis of Structure of a Polysaccharide From the Fruit of Lycium barbarum L.
Authors: Zhang Min , Ma Qian , Wang Jian
Published: July 2012

A polysaccharide, coded as LBP5a, was extracted from the Lycium barbarum L. with distilled water. LBP5a was precipitated repeated by ethanol and purified by DEAE-52, Sephadex G-75. The structure of LBP5a was detected by FT-IR spectrometer, Ultraviolet spectrophotometer, experiments of periodate oxidation and Smith degradation. The results show that LBP5a is testified to be homogeneous polysaccharide, and does not contain nucleic acid or protein. Pyranose with 1→3, 1→4 glycosyl linkages mainly exist in LBP5a.
Purification and Characterization of Limit Dextrinase from Malted Barley
Authors: Peng Ya Li , Hu Fei
Published: July 2012

Limit dextrinase is one of three main amylases in malted barley, which plays a significant role during the mashing stage of brewing. Due to very low content and similar properties compared to other amylases in malted barley, limit dextrinase is hard to separate effectively. Our work had been directed towards the extraction and purification of limit dextrinase from malted barley. Final products were obtained through fraction precipitation with ammonium sulfate and column chromatography, and purified limit dextrinase acquired a high purity of 31.23 times as much as that of crude extracts. The previous results were also confirmed by sodiumdodecyl sulphate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealing a single band of protein (~97KDa). Effect of temperature, pH value, and metal ion on hydrolysis characterization of limit dextrinase was investigated. The results indicated that the maximum activity of purified samples changed significantly compared with that of crude extracts. The activity of purified limit dextrinase could be activated by lower concentration of Mg2+、Ca2+、Mn2+ and inhibited by the action of Zn2+、Fe2+. But this influence was not so obvious for K+.
Studies on Chemical Constituents of the Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek Root
Authors: Pei Yi , Shi Cong , Nie Jiang Li , Han Ying Mei , Wang Dong
Published: July 2012

Objective: Studies on the chemical constituents of the Baphicacanthus plants, Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek root. Methods: Using Column chromatography to separation and purification. Identify the compounds structures through the Physicochemical properties and spectral analysis methods. Result: Isolated 9 compounds from the Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek roots. They were identified as Stigmasterol-3-O-β-D–glucoside(I), Spinasterol-3-O-β-D– glucoside(Ⅱ),2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic phenylethyl)]-3O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1 → 4)-(4-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-pyran-glucosidase(III), Lupeol(Ⅳ), Indigo(Ⅴ), Indirubin (VI), Sucrose (Ⅶ), Adenosine (VIII), β-sitosterol(IX). Among them, compound I and compound II are compounds that at the first time isolated from this plant.
Antioxidant Activities of Mirabilis jalapa L. Seed Epicarp Extract
Authors: Wang Xin Hong , Dai Jing Tao
Published: July 2012

Mirabilis jalapa L. (Nyctaginaceae) is a traditional specie and widely distributed in most parts of China. Its leaves, roots, seed and flowers are used as drugs pharmacological activity. This is the first report on the biological activity against activities of scavenging free radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Mirabilis jalapa L. seed epicarp (MJSE) was immersed with ethanol (or methanol, ethyl acetate, water) in the ultrasonic instrument, then determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of these extracts were performed. Furthermore, antioxidant activities of these extracts were evaluated by using DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and FRAP. The TPC, TFC, FRAP and scavenging activities against DPPH and OH radical were in the following order ethyl acetate >ethanol>methanol>water. The TPC of ethyl acetate extract is 4.24 mg GAE /g of dry power weight (DPW), and TFC 0.39 mg RE/ g DPW. ethyl acetate extract exhibit high free radical scavenging rate, IC50 of DPPH and OH assay were 6.62 mg DPW/ml and 3.49 mg DPW/ml, respectively. The TPC values, IC50 obtained from DPPH assay and FRAP assay were highly correlated with correlation of determination (R2 = 0.9878, R2 = 0.9419). The present study confirmed that MJSE has a strong antioxidant activity and can be considered to be safe and an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants and drugs.
Comparison of Extracting Magnesium by Aluminothermic Reduction and Pidgeon Process
Authors: Fu Da Xue , Wang Yao Wu , Peng Jian Ping , Di Yue Zhong , Tao Shao Hu , Feng Nai Xiang
Published: July 2012

The reduction ratio was compared between the Pidgeon process and the aluminothermic reduction process with CA2, CA, C12A7as the main production in the residue. The results of XRD show that the main phase in the reduction residue is CA2, CA, C12A7and Ca2SiO4, respectively. Consideration of the efficiency of extracting magnesium, the aluminothermic reduction process which is CA2as the main phase in the reduction residue, is the best one.
Identification of Spoilage Fungus from Strawberry Fruit by PCR
Authors: Hao Yan Fang , Zhang Hong Xing , Xie Yuan Hong , Liu Hui , Zhu Lin Da , Zhou Xu Bao
Published: July 2012

Strawberry fruit easily suffers from fruit disease caused by fungus infection because of its great susceptibility to microbial spoilage. In present paper the fungus pathogen was isolated from infected strawberry fruits. The molecular method was used to identify the species of the fungus. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified by PCR with the pair of ITS universal primers after extracting the genomic DNA from the isolate. The sequence alignment results indicated that the identity was 95% between the strain F1 and the fungus(GenBank: FN667943). Then the phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the sequence of ITS region of the fungal rRNA operon. According to the sequences of ribosomal DNA-ITS and phylogenetic analysis, the fungi was preliminaryly identified as Trichocomaceae. So the pathogen isolated from the infected strawberry fruits in Tianyi strawberry ecology located in Changping district, Beijing, China is a species of Trichocomaceae.
Removal of Chromium from CrEDTA Synthetic Wastewater Using Advanced Fenton-Hydroxide Precipitation Process
Authors: Xie Li Ping , Fu Feng Lian , Tang Bing
Published: July 2012

In this paper, advanced Fenton-hydroxide precipitation process was proposed to remove synthetic wastewater containing CrEDTA. This process can not only remove chromium, but also reduce COD values. Parameters affecting chromium removal are discussed. At optimum conditions, the chromium removal efficiency attained 87%. Advanced Fenton-hydroxide precipitation process appears a promising and effective method for the treatment of strong stability complex heavy metal containing wastewaters.
A Novel Method to Determinate Nonylphenol Contents in Water Samples Based on Laccases Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide-Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Liu Yan Qun , Ding Jian Jun , Liang Yong , Qiu Wen Hong , Luo Feng , Deng Hao
Published: July 2012

The eznyme biosensor(EB) as a sort of biosensors are widely used analyse target substances from samples of medicine, environment and food processing in recent years. During the EB preparation, effective immobilization of enzyme is a key step related with the activity of enzyme and the lifetime of EB. In current research, a method to determine nonylphenol(NP) contents in the water samlples has been developed on the base of laccases cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide -carbon paste electrode. The experimental results showed that the EB developed in this optimized conditions, its minimum detectable limit could reach 0.2µg／L, and the recovery was in the range from 91% to 109% at the concentrations form 3.0×10-4 mol.L-1 to 5.0×10-6 mol.L-1. The sensor is perfect which is convenient, effective, and cheap and really can be used practice.
Fabrication of TiO2-ZrO2 Binary Oxide Electrode with Natural Dye (Rose) for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Application
Authors: Win Than Than , Maung Yin Maung , Soe Ko Ko Kyaw
Published: July 2012

TiO2-ZrO2 fine binary oxide was firstly prepared by mechanochemical milling process to be homogeneous binary oxide powder. TiO2-ZrO2 paste was deposited onto microscopic glass slide by rolling. It was immersed in the Rose solution at different pH levels and annealed at 100°C for 2h. Carbon catalyst obtained from soot and HCl was coated onto another glass slide and it was used as counter electrode. Two glass slides were offset and two binder clips were used to hold the electrodes together. Photovoltaic properties of TiO2-ZrO2 cells were measured at different pH levels and it was expected to utilize the dye sensitized solar cells application. The highest efficiency (0.23%) of the dye sensitize solar cell was found to be rose extract at pH level 4.1. The cell exhibited the potential to be a low-cost photovoltaic option.
Study and Application of the Pyrolysis-Combustion Process for the Sewage Sludge
Authors: Zhao Xu Xin , Liu Chang Kun , Fang Lin , Yue Xiao Fang
Published: July 2012

This paper designed and investigated the pyrolysis combustion process of the sewage sludge, based on the combustion properties and self-sustained combustion conditions of the sewage sludge. The water content of the sludge was first reduced to less than 55% through the mechanically dewater. Then, the sludge was combusted in the pyrolysis-combustion chain grate stoker. A sewage sludge pyrolysis-combustion system was designed, with the processing capacity of 15 tons of sawage sludge per day. The results of the pilot test show that a dynamic equilibrium was reached among the drying, pyrolysis, gasification and combustion process. In addition, the emission of the pollutant reached the national standard of the pollutant discharging criteria. The system owns the advantages of less investment, low operation cost and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, the system may solve the problem of the excess sludge accumulation of the wastewater treatment plant. The waste heat can be recycled, and the burning ash can be used as construction materials.
Simultaneous Removal of NOx and PM over La1-xKxCo1-yMnyO3 Perovskite-Type Catalysts
Authors: Wang Ting Ting , Hong Yan Xia , Liang Hong , Li Shu Hua , Chen Qi Fen , Cheng Jie Ying , Chen Yao , Ye Dai Qi
Published: July 2012

To study the effect of K and Mn substitution on simultaneous removal of NOx and particulate materials (PM), a series of La1-xKxCo1-yMnyO3 (x, y=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) perovskite-type catalysts were synthesized by complex-combustion method. The catalytic performances of the catalysts were evaluated by temperature-programmed oxidation reaction (TPO). And the catalysts were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, H2-TPR techniques. After introducing K and Mn to LaCoO3 simultaneously, all the samples possess perovskite-type structures and the B-site ions form higher average oxidation state enhancing the catalytic performance obviously. La0.8K0.2Co0.7Mn0.3O3 catalyst exhibits not only the lowest T i(297 °C) temperature but also the lowest Tm (343 °C) temperature. Meanwhile, the NO reduction percentage over this catalyst can reach 97%.
Biological Sulfur and Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater
Authors: Liu Xiao , Jiang Deng Ling , Yong Yang
Published: July 2012

Based on the summary of biotechnology principles and common processes for the separated desulfurization and denitrogenation in organic wastewater treatment, two novel biotechnologies for simultaneous sulfur and nitrogen removal, which developed from sulfide-dependent denitrification (denitrification with sulfide as electron donor) and sulfate-dependent ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation with sulfate as electron acceptor), were introduced. The reaction mechanism, operating conditions and functional organisms for the new techniques were described. It is considered that the novel process of simultaneous sulfur and nitrogen removal would be of grate benefit to the treatment of wastewater with high sulfate and ammonia in efficiency-improving, energy-saving and resource recovery.
Photocatalytic Removal of Toxic Hg(II) Ions Using TiO2-Modified Bamboo Charcoal as Photocatalyst
Authors: Xia Chang Bin , Liu Chun Hua , Liu Zhi Hua , Wu Dao Xin
Published: July 2012

Photocatalytic removal of mercury was studied using TiO2-modified bamboo charcoal prepared with Sol-Gel method as photocatalyst, and formate as hole scavengers under UV irradiation. In the absence of formate additives, approximately 95% of 30 mg/L Hg(II) ions was found to be removed from the solution by adsorption. Addition of formate resulted in the photoreduction of Hg(II) to its metallic form. The best conditions of Hg(II)-containing wastewater treatment were determined. The results show that the optimum amount of photocatalyst was 4 g/L,the optimum illumination time was 30 min,reached a plateau value at pH 6, the photocatalyst calcinated for 2h at 500°C. and the optimum formate addition amount was found to be 120mg/L, which doubled the adsorption capacity. Accordingly, it is believed that the method developed in this study is effective and practical in industrial wastewater treatment for Hg(II) disposal.
Estimation of Air Pollutant Emissions from Mobile Sources with Three Emission Factors Models
Authors: Yu Tai Yi , Chang I Cheng , Hwa Mei Yin , Lu Li Teh
Published: July 2012

Vehicle emissions from mobile sources are major contributors to air pollution and varied with vehicle types, vehicle styles, traveled miles, temperature, oil types and the methods of operation and management. This study performs three emission factor models, Mobile-Taiwan 2, Mobile6.2 and EFDB to calculate emission factor of mobile sources from year 1986 to 2011. The emissions of primary air pollutants, MIRs and CO2emitted from mobile sources were calculated. The contribution ratios of varied vehicle types for different air pollutants would be compared and analyzed. Estimated emissions from mobile sources were 32.2, 177, 643, 197 and 401 kilotons/y for PM10, NOx, CO, THC and MIR for 2000; 31.3, 115, 305, 114 and 227 kilotons/y for 2011. Emissions of traditional air pollutants presented a decreasing trend because of fourth-stage emission standards for mobiles sources and CO2 revealed an increasing trend. According to presented control technology for greenhouse gases on mobile sources, ratio of emission for year 2011 to 2000 would be 1.38-1.49.
Application of Hydrogeological Method on Emergent Water Exploration for Drought Control in Hebei Province
Authors: Li Yong Li , Qi Fu Li , Bai Yu Chun , Zhang Feng Long , Wang Yang
Published: July 2012

The well drilling work of regional water exploration fighting against drought has characteristics such as tight schedule, heavy task, and wide span of working area. Therefore, in the process of actual water exploration, Hydrogeological method plays a crucial role. Skillfully using this method can save time, speed up the progress of fighting against drought and solve the water utilization problem in drought regions as early as possible. It also has characteristics such as low cost, quick effectiveness, high rate of well completion and so on. This paper sums up the examples occurred in actual work and proves the importance of hydrogeology comprehensive analysis in this battle against drought, providing important theory basis for water exploration work of large scope and high strength in battle against drought in future.
Analysis of Relationship between Characteristics of Typhoon Affecting the Taihu Basin and the early Sea-Surface Temperature
Authors: Cui Ting Ting , Liu Yong , Wang Yin Tang , Wang Zong Zhi
Published: July 2012

A standard was proposed to define the typhoon affecting the Taihu Basin (TATB) based on the typhoon source, landing location, moving path, typhoon-affected area and precipitation in the Taihu Basin. According to the definition, 230 typhoons were extracted from the 62 years observation data (1949-2010) to analyze the relationships between the characteristics of typhoon which affacted the Taihu Basin and the early relevant regional sea-surface temperature. The results showed the tendencies of the TATB frequency and the earliest affected time were no significant change throughout the long series of statistics; the latest affected time was postponed obviously throughout the long series of statistics; the change of typhoon frequency had two notable periods (21 years and 7 years), and the 21years period was relatively stable throughout the long series of statistics; when the spring of the sea-surface temperature (SST) of the west Pacific Ocean raised and the SST of the east Pacific Ocean near the equator decreased, easy to cause the frequency of the TATB might increase and vice versa TATB frequency decrease. The research results have a certain significance on the Taihu Basin flood control.
Runoff Depth Variation Process and Driving Mechanism of Upper Reaches of Marsh Stream
Authors: Liu Zheng Mao , Xia Guang Liang , Chen Zhi Ke , Sun Ting Ting , Liu Pai , Du Chao , Qing Chao , Song Ya Shan
Published: July 2012

Through the double mass curves analysis, it concluded that the relationship between the areal and the runoff depth within upper reaches of the Naoli River, the Naoli River basin had experienced a great change since 1963, especially the runoff coefficient which appeared in a decreasing trend. By adopting the runoff coefficient difference Rank and T test (α=0.05,n1=7,n2=43,T=255,T1α=108.52,T2α=248.47, T＞T2α＞T1α), it also concluded that there was no consistency between the runoff coefficient series from 1956 to 1962 and the ones from 1963 to 2005. By analyzing the frequency curves of precipitation-runoff depth, it indicated that, under the same precipitation frequency, the runoff coefficient in 1963-2005 was much smaller than that in 1956-1962. The research results revealed that: (1) The precipitation was the key driving force to runoff variation; (2) The land use/cover changes posed by human activities was one of important causes contributing to runoff coefficient mutation in the catchment area; (3)The runoff depth variation was mainly controlled by the Longtouqiao reservoir and the water consumption was influenced by irrigation of paddy field since 2001.
Research Progress of Fractionation Mechanism of Stable Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope during Water Body Evaporation
Authors: Ma Hong Yun , Zhao Zhen Hong , Wang Dong , Zhang Jun , Guo Li , Li Zhi Jun
Published: July 2012

Evaporation is the most significant process that affects the isotopic transport of surface water. The study of mechanisms and modeling of the evaporation process has a very important practical significance in improving the isotopic analysis method. This paper reviews the international development of the mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopic fractionation and model. It indicates that as the most ideal tracers of hydrologic cycle, stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes have their unique and irreplaceable functions. However, field experiments of evaporation and further research are limited by the complexities of kinetic flow in the atmosphere and observation technique. Modeling and experiments are commonly based on the assumption that evaporating water is well-mixed, and isotopic stratification in liquid is not considered by most laboratories. While it dose affect. Flow disturbance in the atmosphere is the most uncertain factor for isotopic fractionation in the process of evaporation. The modeling example shows isotopic evaporation line of natural water can be simulated properly while detailed simulations are limited by the lake of observational data of isotopic diffusion processes in both air phase and liquid phase.
The Study on Mechanism of Thermostability of Wustite-Based Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst
Authors: Xiao Fan , Jin Yi Fan
Published: July 2012

Commercial catalysts were characterized by SEM and XRD. The dendrites of catalysts were clear. Some promoters were solid-solute in crystallites uniformly in the form of f-phase, which blocked the crystallites from growing to improve the activity and thermostability of the catalyst. The reduced catalyst is an (α+f) multi-phase porous alloy. The larger specific surface area and the more active poαsition resulted in excellent activity of catalysts.
Promoting Effect of Cobalt Addition on Higher Alcohols Synthesis over Copper-Based Catalysts
Authors: Liu Jian Guo , Ding Ming Yue , Wang Tie Jun , Ma Long Long
Published: July 2012

The textural properties and microstructures of Co-modified Cu-based catalysts were investigated by N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction/desorption of hydrogen (H2-TPR/TPD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Higher alcohols synthesis (HAS) was performed in a fixed bed reactor. The characterization results indicated that incorporation of cobalt in the Cu/γ-Al2O3 catalyst promoted the formation of CuCo2O4 crystallites, causing the decrease in BET surface area and pore volume. The gradual increase of CuCo2O4 concentration enhanced the adsorption of hydrogen on the surface layers, facilitating the formation of the well dispersed bimetal Cu-Co sites. In the HAS reaction, the catalytic activity of CO hydrogenation and space time yield of total alcohols presented an increasing trend with the increase in Co concentration. As the ratio of Co/Cu increased to 1, the catalyst produced the space time yield of 0.38 g.ml-1.h-1 and the selectivity of 65% for total alcohols, respectively. Moreover, higher Co concentration facilitated the product distribution shifting towards C2+OH.