bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators in Exhaled Breath Condensate of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis. A Pilot Study with a Biomarker Perspective
Authors: Guzmán-Beltrán Silvia , Carreto-Binaghi Laura Elena , Carranza Claudia , Torres Martha , Gonzalez Yolanda , Muñoz-Torrico Marcela , Juárez Esmeralda
Published: October 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the highest infectious burdens worldwide. An excess of inflammation and inadequate antioxidant defense mechanisms are believed to lead to chronic inflammation and lung damage in tuberculosis (TB). However, circulating metabolites do not always replicate lung-associated biomarkers that define the pathobiology of the disease. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of exhaled breath condensate (EBC), a non-invasive and straightforward sample, to evaluate alveolar space-derived metabolites of redox state and inflammation. We assessed the levels of exhaled oxidant/antioxidant parameters (8-isoprostane, MDA, GSH), inflammatory markers, such as nucleosomes, cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and lipid mediators (PGE2, LTB4, RvD1, and Mar1), in patients with recently diagnosed pulmonary TB and healthy controls’ EBC and serum. The TB patients showed 36% lower GSH levels, and 2-, 1.4-, 1.1-, and 50-fold higher levels of 8-isoprostanes, nucleosomes, IL-6, and LTB4, respectively, in EBC. There was no correlation between EBC and serum, highlighting the importance of measuring local biomarkers. Quantitation of local inflammatory molecules and redox states in EBC would help find biomarkers useful for pharmacological and follow-up studies in pulmonary tuberculosis.
Regulation of Phosphorylated State of NMDA Receptor by STEP61 Phosphatase after Mild-Traumatic Brain Injury: Role of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Carvajal Francisco J. , Cerpa Waldo
Published: October 2021

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) mediates neuronal death through several events involving many molecular pathways, including the glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity for excessive stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), producing activation of death signaling pathways. However, the contribution of NMDARs (distribution and signaling-associated to the distribution) remains incompletely understood. We propose a critical role of STEP61 (Striatal-Enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase) in TBI; this phosphatase regulates the dephosphorylated state of the GluN2B subunit through two pathways: by direct dephosphorylation of tyrosine-1472 and indirectly via dephosphorylation and inactivation of Fyn kinase. We previously demonstrated oxidative stress’s contribution to NMDAR signaling and distribution using SOD2+/− mice such a model. We performed TBI protocol using a controlled frontal impact device using C57BL/6 mice and SOD2+/− animals. After TBI, we found alterations in cognitive performance, NMDAR-dependent synaptic function (decreased synaptic form of NMDARs and decreased synaptic current NMDAR-dependent), and increased STEP61 activity. These changes are reduced partially with the STEP61-inhibitor TC-2153 treatment in mice subjected to TBI protocol. This study contributes with evidence about the role of STEP61 in the neuropathological progression after TBI and also the alteration in their activity, such as an early biomarker of synaptic damage in traumatic lesions.
Oleuropein-Rich Leaf Extract as a Broad Inhibitor of Tumour and Macrophage iNOS in an Apc Mutant Rat Model
Authors: Ruzzolini Jessica , Chioccioli Sofia , Monaco Noemi , Peppicelli Silvia , Andreucci Elena , Urciuoli Silvia , Romani Annalisa , Luceri Cristina , Tortora Katia , Calorini Lido , Caderni Giovanna , Nediani Chiara , Bianchini Francesca
Published: October 2021

Oleuropein, the major compound found in olive leaves, has been reported to exert numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effect of oleuropein-rich leaf extracts (ORLE) in already-developed colon tumours arising in Apc (adenomatous polyposis coli) mutated PIRC rats (F344/NTac-Apcam1137). Here, we were able to investigate in parallel the anti-cancer effect of ORLE, both in vivo and in vitro, and its anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages, representing a critical and abundant population in most solid tumour microenvironment. We found that in vivo ORLE treatment promoted apoptosis and attenuated iNOS activity both in colon tumours as in peritoneal macrophages of PIRC rats. We this confirmed in vitro using primary RAW264.7 cells: ORLE reduced iNOS activity in parallel with COX-2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TGF-β. These findings suggest that ORLE possess a strong anti-inflammatory activity, which could be crucial for dampening the pro-tumourigenic activity elicited by a chronic inflammatory state generated by either tumour cells or tumour-associated macrophages.
Preliminary Optimization of Multi-Stage Axial-Flow Industrial Process Compressors Using Aero-Engine Compressor Design Strategy
Authors: Lei Fan , Zhang Chuhua
Published: October 2021

Aero-engine core compressor preliminary design strategy has been successfully applied to the advanced design of gas turbines compressors. However, few researchers have addressed the application of the aero-engine core compressor preliminary design strategy in the preliminary optimal design of industrial process compressors. Here we embedded the aero-engine core compressor preliminary design strategy into a preliminary optimal design method, in which six types of design parameters widely used to define the aero-engine compressor configuration, i.e., aspect ratio, solidity, reaction, rotation speed, outlet axial Mach number, and inlet radius ratio, were used as the design variables. The 4-stage, 5-stage, 6-stage, and 7-stage compressor configuration with the same overall design requirements for a large-scale air separation main compressor were preliminarily optimized by the developed method, in which the 4-stage design has a stage pressure rise level of current aero-engine core compressors, whereas the 7-stage design has that of current industrial process compressors. The optimized compressor configurations were then refined with the throughflow-based detailed design method and finally verified with computational fluid dynamic simulations. It is found that the developed method can optimize design efficiency and accurately predict aerodynamic performance of compressors in a few minutes. Several design guidelines for the advanced industrial process compressors were also identified. This work is of significance in extending aero-engine core compressor design strategy to the design of advanced industrial process compressors.
Rosmarinic Acid and Ulvan from Terrestrial and Marine Sources in Anti-Microbial Bionanosystems and Biomaterials
Authors: Coiai Serena , Campanella Beatrice , Paulert Roberta , Cicogna Francesca , Bramanti Emilia , Lazzeri Andrea , Pistelli Laura , Coltelli Maria-Beatrice
Published: October 2021

In order to increase their sustainability, antimicrobial renewable molecules are fundamental additions to consumer goods. Rosmarinic acid is extracted from several terrestrial plants and represents an effective anti-microbial agent. Ulvan, extracted from algae, is an anti-microbial polysaccharide. The present review is dedicated to discussing the sources and the extraction methodologies for obtaining rosmarinic acid and ulvan. Moreover, the preparation of bioanosystems, integrating the two molecules with organic or inorganic substrates, are reviewed as methodologies to increase their effectiveness and stability. Finally, the possibility of preparing functional biomaterials and anti-microbial final products is discussed, considering scientific literature. The performed analysis indicated that the production of both molecules is not yet performed with mature industrial technologies. Nevertheless, both molecules could potentially be used in the packaging, biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and personal care sectors, despite some research being required for developing functional materials with specific properties to pave the way for many more applications.
Experimental and Numerical Study of the Dynamic Response of XCC Pile–Raft Foundation under High-Speed Train Loads
Authors: Fu Qiang , Yuan Jie
Published: October 2021

A series of dynamic large-scale model tests and three-dimensional finite element analyses were conducted to investigate the dynamic response of track embankment and XCC pile-raft composite foundation in soft soil for a ballastless high-speed railway under moving train loads. The results indicate that the vibration velocity obtained from the FE numerical simulation agrees well with that from the model test in vibration waveform, amplitude, and frequency characteristics. The peak values corresponding to the passing frequency of train carriage geometry (lc = 25 m), bogie (lab = 7.5 m), and axle distance (lwb = 2.5 m) respectively reflect the characteristic frequencies of the train compartment, adjacent bogie, and wheel load passing through. The peak velocity significantly depends on the distance from the track center in the horizontal direction, of which the attenuation follows the exponential curve distribution. The vibration velocities decrease rapidly within embankment, show a vibration enhancement region from raft to the 1 m depth of foundation soil, then decreases gradually along the subsoil foundation, to a very low level at the bottom of the subsoil, which is much lower than that at the track slab and roadbed. The pile-raft composite foundation can reduce the vibration level effectively and improve the safety of trains running in soft soil areas.
Secure Audio-Visual Data Exchange for Android In-Vehicle Ecosystems
Authors: Anistoroaei Alfred , Berdich Adriana , Iosif Patricia , Groza Bogdan
Published: October 2021

Mobile device pairing inside vehicles is a ubiquitous task which requires easy to use and secure solutions. In this work we exploit the audio-video domain for pairing devices inside vehicles. In principle, we rely on the widely used elliptical curve version of the Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol and extract the session keys from the acoustic domain as well as from the visual domain by using the head unit display. The need for merging the audio-visual domains first stems from the fact that in-vehicle head units generally do not have a camera so they cannot use visual data from smartphones, however, they are equipped with microphones and can use them to collect audio data. Acoustic channels are less reliable as they are more prone to errors due to environmental noise. However, this noise can be also exploited in a positive way to extract secure seeds from the environment and audio channels are harder to intercept from the outside. On the other hand, visual channels are more reliable but can be more easily spotted by outsiders, so they are more vulnerable for security applications. Fortunately, mixing these two types of channels results in a solution that is both more reliable and secure for performing a key exchange.
Finite Element Analysis of Proposed Self-Locking Joint for Modular Steel Structures
Authors: Nadeem Gohar , Safiee Nor Azizi , Abu Bakar Nabilah , Abd Karim Izian , Mohd Nasir Noor Azline
Published: October 2021

The intermodular connection between modules plays a vital role in the overall performance of modular structures. The separation between a column and connection is possible due to the absence of links (welding or bolting) since limited space is available between modules. This study proposed a self-locking joint to be used in a modular steel structure, connecting columns with a connection without need of extra space between modules. The behavior of the proposed connection subjected to monotonic load was evaluated using a finite element approach using ABAQUS software. The influencing factors contributed to the behavior of the self-locking connection and columns observed using a parametric study. The parametric study was conducted by varying beam thickness, bolt pretension force and friction coefficient µ. Results indicate that the proposed connection can be classified as a semirigid connection according to Eurocode 3 and special moment frame (SMF) as recommended by AISC.
Multi-Class Classification of Lung Diseases Using CNN Models
Authors: Hong Min , Rim Beanbonyka , Lee Hongchang , Jang Hyeonung , Oh Joonho , Choi Seongjun
Published: October 2021

In this study, we propose a multi-class classification method by learning lung disease images with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). As the image data for learning, the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) dataset divided into Normal, Pneumonia, and Pneumothorax and the Cheonan Soonchunhyang University Hospital dataset including Tuberculosis were used. To improve performance, preprocessing was performed with Center Crop while maintaining the aspect ratio of 1:1. As a Noisy Student of EfficientNet B7, fine-tuning learning was performed using the weights learned from ImageNet, and the features of each layer were maximally utilized using the Multi GAP structure. As a result of the experiment, Benchmarks measured with the NIH dataset showed the highest performance among the tested models with an accuracy of 85.32%, and the four-class predictions measured with data from Soonchunhyang University Hospital in Cheonan had an average accuracy of 96.1%, an average sensitivity of 92.2%, an average specificity of 97.4%, and an average inference time of 0.2 s.
Influence of Composition and Technological Factors on Variatropic Efficiency and Constructive Quality Coefficients of Lightweight Vibro-Centrifuged Concrete with Alkalized Mixing Water
Authors: Stel’makh Sergey A. , Shcherban’ Evgenii M. , Beskopylny Alexey N. , Mailyan Levon R. , Meskhi Besarion , Butko Denis , Smolyanichenko Alla S.
Published: October 2021

Alkalization technology and its application to obtain high-performance concrete compositions is an urgent scientific problem that opens opportunities for improving building structures. The article is devoted to the new technology of manufacturing reinforced concrete structures with low energy consumption, resource, and labor intensity based on the improved variatropic configuration of vibro-centrifuged concrete using activated water with high pH. The synergistic effect of the joint use of the proposed novel solutions has been theoretically and experimentally proved. Thus, growth in physical and mechanical characteristics of up to 15–20% was obtained, the structure and its operational ability were improved (the effectiveness of structural improvement, expressed as a percentage, reached values over 70%, concerning control samples). A positive effect on the properties of vibro-centrifuged concrete over the entire thickness of the annular section has been revealed. A method for controlling the integral characteristics of concrete has been obtained. The possibility of regulating the variatropic structure and controlling the differential characteristics of vibro-centrifuged concrete has been established. An assessment of the constructive quality and variatropic efficiency of vibro-centrifuged concrete was carried out, and new calculated dependencies were proposed, expressed in the form of relative coefficients.
Comparative Analysis of Predictive Models for Fine Particulate Matter in Daejeon, South Korea
Authors: Chuluunsaikhan Tserenpurev , Heak Menghok , Nasridinov Aziz , Choi Sanghyun
Published: October 2021

Air pollution is a critical problem that is of major concern worldwide. South Korea is one of the countries most affected by air pollution. Rapid urbanization and industrialization in South Korea have induced air pollution in multiple forms, such as smoke from factories and exhaust from vehicles. In this paper, we perform a comparative analysis of predictive models for fine particulate matter in Daejeon, the fifth largest city in South Korea. This study is conducted for three purposes. The first purpose is to determine the factors that may cause air pollution. Two main factors are considered: meteorological and traffic. The second purpose is to find an optimal predictive model for air pollutant concentration. We apply machine learning and deep learning models to the collected dataset to predict hourly air pollutant concentrations. The accuracy of the deep learning models is better than that of the machine learning models. The third purpose is to analyze the influence of road conditions on predicting air pollutant concentration. Experimental results demonstrate that considering wind direction and wind speed could significantly decrease the error rate of the predictive models.
Radiative Energy Flux Variation from 2001–2020
Authors: Dübal Hans-Rolf , Vahrenholt Fritz
Published: October 2021

Radiative energy flux data, downloaded from CERES, are evaluated with respect to their variations from 2001 to 2020. We found the declining outgoing shortwave radiation to be the most important contributor for a positive TOA (top of the atmosphere) net flux of 0.8 W/m2 in this time frame. We compare clear sky with cloudy areas and find that changes in the cloud structure should be the root cause for the shortwave trend. The radiative flux data are compared with ocean heat content data and analyzed in the context of a longer-term climate system enthalpy estimation going back to the year 1750. We also report differences in the trends for the Northern and Southern hemisphere. The radiative data indicate more variability in the North and higher stability in the South. The drop of cloudiness around the millennium by about 1.5% has certainly fostered the positive net radiative flux. The declining TOA SW (out) is the major heating cause (+1.42 W/m2 from 2001 to 2020). It is almost compensated by the growing chilling TOA LW (out) (−1.1 W/m2). This leads together with a reduced incoming solar of −0.17 W/m2 to a small growth of imbalance of 0.15 W/m2. We further present surface flux data which support the strong influence of the cloud cover on the radiative budget.
Electron Ionization of Size-Selected Positively and Negatively Charged Helium Droplets
Authors: Laimer Felix , Zappa Fabio , Gruber Elisabeth , Scheier Paul
Published: October 2021

A beam of size-selected charged helium droplets was crossed with an electron beam, and the ion efficiency curves for the product droplets in all different charge states were recorded. We estimate that the selected helium droplets on their passage through the electron beam are hit by several hundred electrons which can interact with the individual He atoms of the droplets. Reaction channels corresponding to the removal or capture of up to eight electrons were identified, and in all cases, inelastic scattering and the formation of metastable helium played a significant role.
Linear and Nonlinear Optical Absorption of CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Quantum Dots in the Presence of Donor Impurity
Authors: Mantashian Grigor A. , Zaqaryan Nare A. , Mantashyan Paytsar A. , Sarkisyan Hayk A. , Baskoutas Sotirios , Hayrapetyan David B.
Published: October 2021

Linear and nonlinear optical properties in colloidal CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots with different sizes have been theoretically investigated in the framework of effective mass approximation. The electron states in colloidal CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots have been calculated using the finite element method. The intraband linear and nonlinear absorption spectra have been calculated for colloidal CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots with different sizes. In addition, the dependences of the linear and nonlinear refractive index change on the incident light energy have been calculated. In the last section of the paper the second- and third-order harmonic generation spectra have been presented.
Electron Impact Excitation of Extreme Ultra-Violet Transitions in Xe7–Xe10 Ions
Authors: Sahoo Aloka Kumar , Sharma Lalita
Published: October 2021

In the present work, a detailed study on the electron impact excitation of Xe7+, Xe8+, Xe9+ and Xe10+ ions for the dipole allowed (E1) transitions in the EUV range of 8–19 nm is presented. The multi-configuration Dirac–Fock method is used for the atomic structure calculation including the Breit and QED corrections along with the relativistic configuration interaction approach. We have compared our calculated energy levels, wavelengths and transition rates with other reported experimental and theoretical results. Further, the relativistic distorted wave method is used to calculate the cross sections from the excitation threshold to 3000 eV electron energy. For plasma physics applications, we have reported the fitting parameters of these cross sections using two different formulae for low and high energy ranges. The rate coefficients are also obtained using our calculated cross sections and considering the Maxwellian electron energy distribution function in the electron temperature range from 5 eV to 100 eV.
Manganese-Oxidizing Antarctic Bacteria (Mn-Oxb) Release Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) as Secondary Mn(II) Oxidation Mechanisms to Avoid Toxicity
Authors: Jofré Ignacio , Matus Francisco , Mendoza Daniela , Nájera Francisco , Merino Carolina
Published: October 2021

Manganese (Mn) oxidation is performed through oxidative Mn-oxidizing bacteria (MnOxb) as the main bio-weathering mechanism for Mn(III/IV) deposits during soil formation. However, with an increase in temperature, the respiration rate also increases, producing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) as by-products, which are harmful to microbial cells. We hypothesize that bacterial ROS oxidize Mn(II) to Mn(III/IV) as a secondary non-enzymatic temperature-dependent mechanism for cell protection. Fourteen MnOxb were isolated from Antarctic soils under the global warming effect, and peroxidase (PO) activity, ROS, and Mn(III/IV) production were evaluated for 120 h of incubation at 4 °C, 15 °C, and 30 °C. ROS contributions to Mn oxidation were evaluated in Arthrobacter oxydans under antioxidant (Trolox) and ROS-stimulated (menadione) conditions. The Mn(III/IV) concentration increased with temperature and positively correlated with ROS production. ROS scavenging with Trolox depleted the Mn oxidation, and ROS-stimulant increased the Mn precipitation in A. oxydans. Increasing the Mn(II) concentration caused a reduction in the membrane potential and bacterial viability, which resulted in Mn precipitation on the bacteria surface. In conclusion, bacterial ROS production serves as a complementary non-enzymatic temperature-dependent mechanism for Mn(II) oxidation as a response in warming environments.
DJ-1 Acts as a Scavenger of α-Synuclein Oligomers and Restores Monomeric Glycated α-Synuclein
Authors: Atieh Tamr B. , Roth Jonathan , Yang Xue , Hoop Cody L. , Baum Jean
Published: October 2021

Glycation of α-synuclein (αSyn), as occurs with aging, has been linked to the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) through the promotion of advanced glycation end-products and the formation of toxic oligomers that cannot be properly cleared from neurons. DJ-1, an antioxidative protein that plays a critical role in PD pathology, has been proposed to repair glycation in proteins, yet a mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we integrate solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques to characterize glycated N-terminally acetylated-αSyn (glyc-ac-αSyn) and its interaction with DJ-1. Glycation of ac-αSyn by methylglyoxal increases oligomer formation, as visualized by AFM in solution, resulting in decreased dynamics of the monomer amide backbone around the Lys residues, as measured using NMR. Upon addition of DJ-1, this NMR signature of glyc-ac-αSyn monomers reverts to a native ac-αSyn-like character. This phenomenon is reversible upon removal of DJ-1 from the solution. Using relaxation-based NMR, we have identified the binding site on DJ-1 for glycated and native ac-αSyn as the catalytic pocket and established that the oxidation state of the catalytic cysteine is imperative for binding. Based on our results, we propose a novel mechanism by which DJ-1 scavenges glyc-ac-αSyn oligomers without chemical deglycation, suppresses glyc-ac-αSyn monomer–oligomer interactions, and releases free glyc-ac-αSyn monomers in solution. The interference of DJ-1 with ac-αSyn oligomers may promote free ac-αSyn monomer in solution and suppress the propagation of toxic oligomer and fibril species. These results expand the understanding of the role of DJ-1 in PD pathology by acting as a scavenger for aggregated αSyn.
AG-205 Upregulates Enzymes Involved in Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Steroidogenesis in Human Endometrial Cells Independently of PGRMC1 and Related MAPR Proteins
Authors: Thieffry Charlotte , Van Wynendaele Marie , Aynaci Asena , Maja Mauriane , Dupuis Caroline , Loriot Axelle , Marbaix Etienne , Henriet Patrick
Published: October 2021

An inappropriate response to progestogens in the human endometrium can result in fertility issues and jeopardize progestin-based treatments against pathologies such as endometriosis. PGRMC1 can mediate progesterone response in the breast and ovaries but its endometrial functions remain unknown. AG-205 is an alleged PGRMC1 inhibitor but its specificity was recently questioned. We added AG-205 in the cultures of two endometrial cell lines and performed a transcriptomic comparison. AG-205 significantly increased expression of genes coding enzymes of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway or of steroidogenesis. However, these observations were not reproduced with cells transfected with siRNA against PGRMC1 or its related proteins (MAPRs). Furthermore, AG-205 retained its ability to increase expression of selected target genes even when expression of PGRMC1 or all MAPRs was concomitantly downregulated, indicating that neither PGRMC1 nor any MAPR is required to mediate AG-205 effect. In conclusion, although AG-205 has attractive effects encouraging its use to develop therapeutic strategies, for instance against breast cancer, our study delivers two important warning messages. First, AG-205 is not specific for PGRMC1 or other MAPRs and its mechanisms of action remain unclear. Second, due to its effects on genes involved in steroidogenesis, its use may increase the risk for endometrial pathologies resulting from imbalanced hormones concentrations.
Quercetin Completely Ameliorates Hypoxia–Reoxygenation-Induced Pathophysiology Severity in NY1DD Transgenic Sickle Mice: Intrinsic Mild Steady State Pathophysiology of the Disease in NY1DD Is Also Reversed
Authors: Thangaswamy Sangeetha , Branch Craig A. , Ambadipudi Kamalakar , Acharya Seetharama A.
Published: October 2021

The vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is a major complication of sickle cell disease (SCD); thus, strategies to ameliorate vaso-occlusive episodes are greatly needed. We evaluated the therapeutic benefits of quercetin in a SCD transgenic sickle mouse model. This disease model exhibited very mild disease pathophysiology in the steady state. The severity of the disease in the NY1DD mouse was amplified by subjecting mice to 18 h of hypoxia followed by 3 h of reoxygenation. Quercetin (200 mg/kg body weight) administered to hypoxia challenged NY1DD mice in a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose at the onset of reoxygenation completely ameliorated all hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R)-induced pathophysiology. Additionally, it ameliorated the mild intrinsic steady state pathophysiology. These results are comparable with those seen with semisynthetic supra plasma expanders. In control mice, C57BL/6J, hypoxia reoxygenation-induced vaso-occlusion was at significantly lower levels than in NY1DD mice, reflecting the role of sickle hemoglobin (HbS) in inducing vaso-occlusion; however, the therapeutic benefits from quercetin were significantly muted. We suggest that these findings represent a unique genotype of the NY1DD mice, i.e., the presence of high oxygen affinity red blood cells (RBCs) with chimeric HbS, composed of mouse α-chain and human βS-chain, as well as human α-chain and mouse β-chain (besides HbS). The anti-anemia therapeutic benefits from high oxygen affinity RBCs in these mice exert disease severity modifications that synergize with the therapeutic benefits of quercetin. Combining the therapeutic benefits of high oxygen affinity RBCs generated in situ by chemical or genetic manipulation with the therapeutic benefits of antiadhesive therapies is a novel approach to treat sickle cell patients with severe pathophysiology.
The Effect of a Single Freeze–Thaw Cycle on Matrix Metalloproteinases in Different Human Platelet-Rich Plasma Formulations
Authors: Whitney Kaitlyn E. , Dornan Grant J. , King Jillian , Chahla Jorge , Evans Thos A. , Philippon Marc J. , LaPrade Robert F. , Huard Johnny
Published: October 2021

Storing platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for future use is a compelling approach, presuming the retention of biological properties is maintained. However, certain factors in PRP preparations have deleterious effects for the treatment of certain musculoskeletal conditions. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare matrix metalloproteinase protein (MMP) concentrations between fresh and freeze-thawed leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) inactivated (LR-I) and activated (LR-A) preparations, and leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP) inactivated (LP-I) and activated (LP-A) preparations. A volume of 60 mL of whole blood was drawn from 19 healthy donors. LP-I and LR-I samples were processed using a manual extraction and centrifugation methodology. LP-A and LR-A products were activated with 10% CaCl2 and recombinant thrombin. Blood fractions were either immediately assayed and analyzed or stored at −80 °C for 24, 72 and 160 h. Multiplex immunoassay was used to measure MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-10, and MMP-12. MMP-1 concentrations increased in LR-A (p < 0.05) and MMP-9 significantly increased in LR-I (p < 0.05), while MMP-2 significantly decreased in LR-I (p < 0.05) and MMP-3 concentrations significantly decreased in LR-A (p < 0.05). MMP-12 concentrations also significantly decreased in LR-I (p < 0.05) from baseline concentrations. There were no significant differences between LP-A and LP-I preparations and MMP concentrations. MMP-10 concentrations in all PRP samples compared to each freezing time point were also not significantly different. MMPs regulate components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the remodeling phase of musculoskeletal injury. In this study, we observed a significant increase and decrease in MMP concentrations in response to a single freeze–thaw cycle in inactivated PRP and activated PRP preparations. This evidence contributes to the growing body of literature on the optimization of PRP preparation and storage strategies prior to delivery. Our findings suggest that specific PRP preparations after a single freeze–thaw may be more advantageous for certain musculoskeletal applications based on the presence of MMP concentrations.
Support of employers as a factor of labor market balance
Authors: Nizova L.M. , Nabiev N. M.
Published: October 2021

The priorities and problems of balancing the supply and demand of the labor force are investigated, the prerequisites and factors of the labor market formation are determined. The role of the employment service bodies in assisting employers in selecting the necessary employees is revealed. The causes and consequences between the creation and preservation of jobs, the state of employment and unemployment are established. Measures to stabilize the employment sector based on the formation of a civilized labor market are proposed.
HR Analytics, People Analytics, Workforce Analytics and Talent Analytics. What is the difference between them
Authors: Bokatenko I. Yu. , Sidorov N.V.
Published: October 2021

This article presents the results of a study aimed at analyzing the concepts in the field of human resource management. An attempt is made to identify and establish differences between the concepts of HR Analytics, People Analytics, Workforce Analytics and Talent Analytics. The aim of the work is to identify the differences between modern concepts in human resource management. The relevance of this work is based on the emergence of a large number of similar concepts in the field of personnel management, which many employees and employers use as synonyms. When preparing the scientific article, the following tasks were set and solved: the essence of the concepts of HR Analytics, People Analytics, Workforce Analytics and Talent Analytics was investigated, the relationship between these concepts was analyzed, the dynamics of people»s interest in the concepts of HR Analytics, People Analytics, Workforce Analytics, Talent Analytics was revealed, and the differences between these concepts were established.
Transformation of the compensation package in a pandemic
Authors: Butorina E. V. , Mirzabalaeva F.I.
Published: October 2021

The presence of a compensation package at the enterprise is part of a socially responsible business and an important element of staff motivation. Formation of the most complete and effective set of social benefits that meets the needs of workers and is adapted to the current situation on the labor market in a pandemic as the main task of a socially responsible organization.
Some questions of assessing the effectiveness of small businesses
Authors: Zagorskaya M.S. , Bykova Bykova O. N.
Published: October 2021

Small businesses all over the world play a significant role in the country’s economy. In this regard, the definition of the effectiveness of small businesses is so important at the present time in an unstable market situation.
Risk management of an investment project in the manufacturing sector
Authors: Orel T.V. , Korneeva I.V.
Published: October 2021

Planning investment projects involves the need to study the risks that affect the profitability of projects. Otherwise, such investment projects can lead to significant losses. Therefore, timely identification and management of all risks of an investment project is of particular importance.
Innovation and information technology in management
Authors: Shehada Muna , Akulinin F.V.
Published: October 2021

Information technology, artificial intelligence and other innovative areas of economic development allow manufacturers to reduce their operating costs by improving resource planning. Optimizing supply chain management (SCM) can improve the efficiency of all business processes in an organization, while reducing costs and increasing financial sustainability.
Making Hate Visible: Online Hate Incident Reporting Tools
Authors: Chaudhry Irfan
Published: October 2021

Given the recent number of hate-related incidents that have come to public attention, there is a significant need to collect and track these incidents in order to capture and share trends with the wider public. Outside of official hate crime data (such as annual government reports), incidents fueled by hate (but that are not crimes) often go undocumented. To address this gap, the Alberta Hate Crimes Committee – a Canadian coalition of law enforcement, government, and non-governmental organizations – developed the StopHateAB.ca website. The purpose of the StopHateAb.ca website is to fill this gap by creating a space to capture hate incidents to document and make accessible information related to hate incidents. This article will describe the development of the online hate incident reporting tool StopHateAB.ca. Through a discussion of the strengths and challenges of creating an online hate incident reporting platform, this paper will highlight the importance of innovative responses to counter hate and bias by making hate visible. As this article highlights, making hate visible forces communities to engage in joint conversations about hate and bias to support strategies that foster a public social environment of justice, equity, and human rights.
#MassProtests: The Abjuring of the Other and Lessons from Gandhi
Authors: Dave Anish
Published: October 2021

In recent years, organizers of mass protests have used social and digital media to form large physical gatherings. These media allow protesters to exchange texts and visuals quickly across vast distances, providing means to organize protests widely and efficiently. Although social media and digital communication have played a constructive and positive role in citizen protests (Gerbaudo, 2012), lately these media have witnessed polarized political discourses. This article examines the 2017 Women’s March, the largest protest in the U.S. history (Fisher, 2019), as a case study of an effective but a polarized protest. I analyze the discourse related to the march based on its mission statement, media reports posted on the march website, and two authoritative books about the march, including a volume published by the march organizers. In my analysis, I use insights of South Korean Philosopher Byung-Chul Han in ways that may help illuminate the problem of polarized online political discourses. My analysis shows that the march succeeded in unifying diverse allies, but it did not engage the other side of the political spectrum. Polarized political discourses weaken governance and encourage a climate in which intolerance and hate find sustenance. A protest is not just an exercise in declamation but also an appeal to a disagreeable other. To support this point, I discuss practices by a master protester, Mahatma Gandhi, who unfailingly reached out to a disagreeable other. I briefly describe his philosophy of nonviolent protests, his three exemplary protests, and discuss Gandhi’s relevance for present-day protesters.
ICONOGRAFÍA, SIMBOLISMO E INDUMENTARIA DE LA NACIÓN PURUHUA, USO CULTURAL Y SOCIAL VIGENTE
Authors: Pomaina Pilamunga Bacilio Segundo , Quinaluiza Diaz Jorge Iván , Shagñay Shagñay Alex Iván , Anilema Yuquilema Cristian Adolfo
Published: October 2021

La iconografía y simbolismo de la nación Puruhua-Chimborazo esta hermetizada en la indumentaria de hombres y mujeres con variantes códigos culturales, se fundamenta en los elementos de la vida, ciclo agrario, trilogía andina, ciclos festivos, identidad y prácticas socioculturales. El presente artículo tiene por objeto identificar la iconografía y el simbolismo en la vestimenta Puruhua mediante la interpretación de hermenéutica andina, el trabajo investigativo, se concluye con los siguientes hallazgos: códigos culturales, iconografías, simbolismo en la indumentaria y utensilios de la cultura Puruhua, y finalmente describe los relatos de uso cultural-social vigente en los pueblos indígenas de nación Puruhua. La investigación etno-histórico iconográfico, se sustenta en la metodología hermenéutica andina, historia oral andina, fenomenología andina, descriptiva, analítica y de enfoque cultural, es una investigación realizada a un grupo focal de awakuna (tejedores) y churana washayuk (encargado de vestimenta), el estudio concluye con la identificación de iconografías Puruhua; sara (maíz), yaku (agua), Llawtu (corona de yachag), hampatu (rana), sisa (flor), ciclo infinito familiar y entre otros.
Analysis of the Level of Interest of Junior High School Students in Learning Basic Japanese Language
Authors:   Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia, Tamara Yasmin , Wibawa Sakti Asri ,   Departemen Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia, Wulandary Verra ,   Department of Educational development course, Graduate school of International development and cooperation, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Jepang
Published: October 2021

Japanese is one of the most popular languages after English. Its culture that captivates people's hearts, makes interest in the language increase, both from children and adults. Until now, learning Japanese has become the program of choice at the high school level to universities. This study aims to analyze the interest of junior high school students in Japanese. Descriptive qualitative research method. The data collection technique used qualitative descriptive and provided some introductory vocabulary, numbers, and some common Japanese vocabulary. The results showed that students' knowledge of basic Japanese when given the pretest was 66.67%. After students were given material in the form of power points about basic Japanese, students' knowledge increased by 70.37%. The conclusion obtained is that students already have sufficient knowledge of basic Japanese such as introductions, numbers, and basic vocabulary. It can be seen from the increase in the pre-test and post-test that has been given only an increase of 11%. In addition, it can be seen from the enthusiasm of students in interactive question and answer sessions during the learning process. It is hoped that this research can become a consideration regarding the choice of Japanese language programs up to junior high school level
Information Technology as a Promotion Agent
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Sudistira M F A , Nasruddin M F ,   Departemen Desain Komunikasi Visual, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to see how promotions are carried out on social media as a marketing agent at this time. This research used a descriptive method by observing internet user behavior and analyzing the marketing strategy of Instagram as one of the platform social media that effectively as a promotion agent. The results of this paper show that many business people use various social media platforms as a medium to promote the products they offer. It is because, in the current era, social media is a medium that is widely used by large communities in various parts of the world. With various facilities and also minimal costs, making social media widely used by business people with attractive offers and affordable prices.
Information Technology to Support E-Advertisement
Authors:   Departemen Manajemen, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Novianti W , Erdiana E ,   Departemen Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the benefits of social media as a supporter of advertising activity in a business. This study used descriptive qualitative method with literature study by collecting a variety of data related to what is researched, then analyze and summarize so that researchers can explain what are the benefits of social media that can support the advertising activities. Results from this study is the social media provides many benefits to the business world and can be made in one of the media that support the advertising activities for a business. Nowadays anyone can do a business and expand global business network by simply using social media
Application of Web-based for E-business
Authors:   Departemen Manajemen, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Soegoto E S , Mustafa E ,   Fakultas Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

E-commerce is one of the technologies that should be applied in a company. The objective of this study is to identify e-commerce growth in improving competitive advantage in business processes. The method used was descriptive method for presenting a complete one picture of the social setting or intended for exploration and clarification of a phenomenon or social reality, by describing number of variables relating to the problem and the unit under study between the phenomena being tested. The results of this study were to increase the competitive advantage of the company. This study was conducted by discussing the payment transaction system, sales, and orders made by businesses using e-commerce technology. If all things are well-conducted, it can increase the competitive advantage of the company
Accessibility of facilities and services for people with disabilities in the paradigm of law
Authors: Pryimachenko Dmytro , Lipynskyi Vladyslav , Maslova Anna , Voloshina Svitlana , Varhuliak Olena
Published: October 2021

The authors of the article touch on the major topic of ensuring access of persons with disabilities to facilities and services, which is an indicator of guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of such citizens and ultimately determines the quality of life of such people. The article analyzes the current Ukrainian legislation, as well as international legal acts governing relations regarding access of persons with disabilities to the general infrastructure. The methodology of the article includes methods of analysis, synthesis, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods. The essence of the right of persons with disabilities to access facilities and services is the legally guaranteed possibility of these persons to freely use all facilities and services without any barriers, including through the adaptation of the latter or their special design. The authors of the article thoroughly researched the concept and content of the right of persons with disabilities to access facilities and services. Finally, the authors concluded that the current domestic legislation, although ensuring the minimum level of rights of persons with disabilities in the study area but needs to be improved taking into account the positive experience of European countries and following the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Hospitality Virtue Taught by Saththanar: Study Based on The Manimekalai
Authors: Sathees Murukaiya
Published: October 2021

Manimekalai is an epic created by Satan in order to uplift the degenerate social trend.  In this he has also emphasized Buddhist thought by emphasizing hospitality as a high virtue.  Hunger is natural for living things, especially monitors.  That needs to be addressed.  He points out that the hungry need hospitality.  Satan claims that medicine is food for the hungry and that disease must be avoided.  The high opinion is that all people, irrespective of country, language or ethnicity, should be protected from the scourge of famine.  The survey was conducted with the aim of building a famine-free society with the lofty goal of eradicating the deadly disease of hunger that plagued human society.  Satan's Manimekalai has been used primarily for this study, and related essays, journals, and electronic commentaries have also been used as research data.  The study also suggests that more such studies should be conducted by researchers in view of famine-free social formation.
Sustainable Management of a Renewable Fishery Resource with Depensation Dynamics from a Control Systems Perspective
Authors: ÇİFDALÖZ Oğuzhan
Published: October 2021

Human societies are exploiting natural renewable sources such as fisheries, forests, groundwater basins, rivers, and soil at an increasing intensity. Around the world, these resources are being managed by various institutions or governments. One of the challenges faced by institutions is to develop strategies and policies to effectively manage these renewable resources under social and ecological uncertainties, disturbances, policy implementation difficulties, and measurement errors. In this paper, a fishery is considered as an example and the problem of managing a fishery is approached from a control systems perspective. The justification behind this approach is due to the observation that the problem of managing a renewable resource can be posed as a control systems problem and that the discipline of control systems possesses tools and methods to deal with model uncertainties, external disturbances, measurement errors and implementation issues. For the fishery, a depensation type population dynamics model is considered. Depensatory models are used in social/ecological systems in order to model dynamics of certain species of fish populations. An optimal control strategy based on Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle is derived and its sustainability and robustness properties with respect to parametric uncertainties, measurement errors and disturbances are examined. Finally, a sub-optimal but more robust control strategy is proposed and its robustness properties are provided. The main objective of the paper is to show that a control systems engineering approach can be applied to a social-ecological problem and it can provide easy to implement management strategies, insight, and guidance into the management of renewable resources.