bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Astroclimes – measuring the abundance of CO2 and CH4 in the Earth's atmosphere using astronomical observations
Authors: Fetzner Keniger Marcelo Aron , Armstrong David , Brogi Matteo , Gandhi Siddharth , Lafarga Marina
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Monitoring the abundance of greenhouse gases is necessary to quantify their impact on global warming and climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are the two most important greenhouse gases when it comes to global warming, and there are many ground-based networks, such as TCCON, and satellites, such as OCO-2, OCO-3 and GOSAT-2, that are tasked with measuring the total column volume mixing ratio (VMR) of either one or both of these gases. However, these networks all rely on sunlight to carry out their measurements. For column measurements at night, a technique called integrated-path differential absorption (IPDA) has been employed recently using a lidar system. We present a new algorithm, Astroclimes, that hopes to complement and extend nighttime CO2 and CH4 column measurements. Astroclimes can measure the abundance of greenhouse gases on Earth by generating a model telluric transmission spectra and fitting it to the spectra of telluric standard stars in the near-infrared taken by ground-based telescopes. We carried out new observations for one night with the CARMENES spectrograph in the Calar Alto Observatory, Spain, as well as a weather balloon launch to measure a local atmospheric profile. After correcting for a small bias in CO2 estimates, we show that our CO2 and CH4 measurements exhibit good agreement with the refereed literature, and our average relative uncertainties for the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of CO2 and CH4 are 0.4 % and 0.5 %, respectively. These uncertainties are precision errors based on the 68 % confidence intervals of our MCMC analysis posterior distribution, they do not include any systematic errors or biases. A historical analysis of archival data from several different instruments will be carried out in future work to further test our algorithm and to identify and quantify potential systematic biases.
Evaluating Expectations on Museum Communication about Geo- and Environmental Sciences
Authors: Schneider Simon , Seybold Lina , Junge Malte , Kaliwoda Melanie , Simon Gilla , Kölbl-Ebert Martina
Published: October 2024

Abstract. In order to design an exhibition on earth and environmental science research, we conducted an online survey on the thematic interests of potential future visitors. The 775 valid responses we received were used to analyse the level of interest in predefined subject areas. In addition, further topics were extracted from open questions that were mentioned by the survey participants as being particularly interesting. The analysis of these interest levels in relation to the socio-demographic distribution of the participants provides an indication of which topics should be discussed in a future exhibition. The data also allows conclusions to be drawn about the development of strategic communication concepts. These will be able to support the processes from initial contact through to a participatory dialog. It is also of particular interest that the data obtained in this survey allows the hypothesis that topics for which the participants indicated a low level of interest may not actually be uninteresting, but rather result from a lack of prior knowledge. The study presented here therefore leads to the conclusion that such topics should be addressed in communication with visitors to an exhibition in order to build up prior knowledge and increase interest in these topics.
Lidar estimates of birch pollen number, mass and related CCN concentrations
Authors: Filioglou Maria , Tiitta Petri , Shang Xiaoxia , Leskinen Ari , Ahola Pasi , Pätsi Sanna , Saarto Annika , Vakkari Ville , Isopahkala Uula , Komppula Mika
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Accurate representation of microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosol particles – such as number, mass and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration – is key to constraining climate forcing estimations and improving weather and air quality forecasts. Lidars capable of vertically resolving aerosol optical properties have been increasingly utilized to study aerosol-cloud interactions, allowing for estimations of cloud-relevant microphysical properties. Recently, lidars have been employed to identify and monitor pollen particles in the atmosphere, an understudied aerosol particle with health and possibly climate implications. Lidar remote sensing of pollen is an emerging research field, and in this study, we present for the first time retrievals of particle number, mass, CCN, giant CCN (GCCN) and ultra–giant CCN (UGCCN) concentration estimations of birch pollen derived from polarization lidar observations and specifically from a Vaisala CL61 ceilometer. A pivotal role in these estimations is played by the conversion factors necessary to convert the optical measurements into microphysical properties. This set of conversion parameters for birch pollen is derived from in situ observations of major birch pollen events in Vehmasmäki station in Eastern Finland in 2021. Then, the conversion factors are applied to ground-based lidar observations and compared against in situ measurements of aerosol and pollen particles. In turn, this demonstrates the potential of ground-based lidars such as a ceilometer network with polarization capacity to document large-scale birch pollen outbursts in detail and thus to provide valuable information for climate, cloud, and air quality modeling efforts, elucidating the role of pollen within the atmospheric system.
Planning virtual and hybrid events: steps to improve inclusion and accessibility
Authors: Doran Aileen L. , Dutch Victoria , Warren Bridget , Watson Robert A. , Murphy Kevin , Aldis Angus , Cooper Isabelle , Cockram Charlotte , Harp Dyess , Desmau Morgane , Keppler Lydia
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The past decade has seen a global transformation in how we communicate and connect with one another, making it easier to network and collaborate with colleagues worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid and unplanned shift toward virtual platforms, resulting in several accessibility challenges that have excluded many people during virtual events. Virtual and hybrid conferences have the potential to present opportunities and collaborations to groups previously excluded from purely in-person conference formats. This can only be achieved through thoughtful and careful planning with inclusion and accessibility in mind, learning lessons from previous events' successes and failures. Without effective planning, virtual and hybrid events will replicate many biases and exclusions inherent to in-person events. This article provides guidance on best practices for making online/virtual and hybrid events more accessible based on the combined experiences of diverse groups and individuals who have planned and run such events. Our suggestions focus on the accessibility considerations of three event planning stages: (1) pre-event planning, (2) on the day/during the event, and (3) after the event. Ensuring accessibility and inclusivity in designing and running virtual events can help everyone engage more meaningfully, resulting in more impactful discussions that will more fully include contributions from the many groups with limited access to in-person events. However, while this article is intended to act as a starting place for inclusion and accessibility in online and hybrid event planning, it is not a fully comprehensive guide. As more events are run, it is expected that new insights and experiences will be gained, helping to continually update standards.
Modeling Commercial-Scale CO2 Storage in the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone with PFLOTRAN v6.0
Authors: Nole Michael , Bartrand Jonah , Naim Fawz , Hammond Glenn
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Safe and secure carbon dioxide (CO2) storage is likely to be critical for mitigating some of the most dangerous effects of climate change. In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in activity associated with reservoir characterization and site selection for large-scale CO2 storage projects across the globe. These prospective storage sites tend to be terrestrial sites selected for their optimal structural, petrophysical, and geochemical trapping potential. However, it has also been suggested that storing CO2 in reservoirs within the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), characterized by high pressures and low temperatures (e.g., Arctic or marine environments), could provide natural thermodynamic and solubility barriers to gas leakage. Evaluating the prospect of commercial-scale, long-term storage of CO2 in the GHSZ requires reservoir-scale modelling capabilities designed to account for the unique physics and thermodynamics associated with these systems. We have developed the HYDRATE flow mode and accompanying fully implicit parallel well model in the massively parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport simulator PFLOTRAN to model CO2 injection into the marine GHSZ. We have applied these capabilities to a set of CO2 injection scenarios designed to reveal the challenges and opportunities for commercial-scale CO2 storage in the GHSZ.
Can causal discovery lead to a more robust prediction model for runoff signatures?
Authors: Abbasizadeh Hossein , Maca Petr , Hanel Martin , Troldborg Mads , AghaKouchak Amir
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Runoff signatures characterize a catchment's response and provide insight into the hydrological processes. These signatures are governed by the co-evolution of catchment properties and climate processes, making them useful for understanding and explaining hydrological responses. However, catchment behaviours can vary significantly across different spatial scales, which complicates the identification of key drivers of hydrologic response. This study represents catchments as networks of variables linked by cause-and-effect relationships. We examine whether the direct causes of runoff signatures can explain these signatures across different environments, with the goal of developing more robust, parsimonious, and physically interpretable predictive models. We compare predictive models that incorporate causal information derived from the relationships between catchment, climate, and runoff characteristics. We use the Peter and Clarck (PC) causal discovery algorithm, along with three prediction models: Bayesian Network (BN), Generalized Additive Model (GAM), and Random Forest (RF). The results indicate that among models, BN exhibits the smallest decline in accuracy between training and test simulations compared to the other models. While RF achieves the highest overall performance, it also demonstrates the most significant drop in accuracy between the training and test phases. When the training sample is small, the accuracy of the causal RF model, which uses causal parents as predictors, is comparable to that of the non-causal RF model, which uses all selected variables as predictors. This study demonstrates the potential of causal inference techniques in representing the interconnected processes in hydrological systems in a more interpretable and effective manner.
APPLICATION OF POWDER CHARGES IN THE EMERGENCY SYSTEM OF AN AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
Authors:   Krasnodar Air Force Institute for Pilots named  after Hero of the Soviet Union A.K. Serov of the  Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Penno Anatoly F.
Published: October 2024

Problematic issues related to the operation of the landing gear system of modern aircraft are considered. Some specific requirements for similar systems used on military aircraft are indicated. A constructive solution is proposed in the form of an original development for the use of the energy of powder gases in the emergency landing gear system using the example of the Yak-130 aircraft. The author carried out an analysis of the additional equipment necessary for the operation of the proposed method of extending the landing gear, as well as its impact on the flight performance of the aircraft related to a possible increase in weight as well as changes in the dimensions of the aircraft. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made about the possibility of using powder charges in the emergency system of an aircraft landing gear.
METHODS OF OPTIMIZING THE MODEL RANGE IN THE FORMATION OF THE COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE AIRCRAFT FLEET WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE CREATION OF A SINGLE FAR EASTERN AIRLINE
Authors:   The State Scientific Research Institute of Civil Aviation, Gorbunov Vladimir P.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the urgent task of optimizing the use of the existing and promising fleet of aircraft of domestic production within the framework of the creation of a single Far Eastern airline. The data on the assessment of the required number of aircraft of domestic production through a single consolidated order from all airlines of the Far Eastern region analyzed. It is shown that mathematical modeling and optimization methods play a significant role in the optimal design of the number and nomenclature of aircraft in the region, which are successfully used to select the best parameters and characteristics of aircraft or its subsystems at various stages of design, dividing the task into two interrelated models: parametric and operational. A systematic scientific and methodological approach to the external design of aircraft proposed, so it is possible to generate many design options for aircraft, limiting only those parameters that significantly affect the efficiency of the airline's operation. The result of the study is the fulfillment of the task of optimizing the aircraft model range for subsequent operation in the conditions of the Far North, the Arctic, Siberia and the Far East. The analytical materials obtained allow us to compare the expansion plan of the route air transport network and the calendar plan for the production of aviation equipment for the united Far Eastern airline based on the produced relationship chart between airlines and aircraft manufacturers.
INCREASE OF EFFICIENT USE OF THE AIRPORT LANDSIDE PARKING AREA
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (Irkutsk Branch), Vishniakova Alena A.
Published: October 2024

Analysis of current state of the transport infrastructure of cities as well as scientific studies in the field of transportation management demonstrate high relevance of the research line related to the planning, organization and management of transport flows. Operation of airport landside parking areas is one of issues of interest for this research line. The author analyzes operating practice of a regional airport landside parking area, reveals the current problems of parking, estimates the efficiency of using the landside parking area and develops proposals for enhancing the efficient use of the airport landside parking area.
AXIOLOGICAL STRATEGIES IN MEDIA DISCOURSE
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University, Kazydub Nadezhda N. , Timosheva Anna B. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2024

The article explores axiological strategies as tools of modelling pragmatic effects in popular-science and educational media discourses. The paper highlights the influencing potential of educational and popular science media texts. The empirical material analysis reveals the basic means of realizing the following axiological strategies: critical, optimizing and futurological.
METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR CREATING AN INTEGRATED SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AN AVIATION SERVICE PROVIDER
Authors:   SOYUZCERT LLC, Khersonsky Nikolai S. , Bolshedvorskaya Ludmila G. ,   Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation
Published: October 2024

The need for this study arose against the background of the analysis of numerous publications, standards and identification of contradictions affecting vital problems of assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of the quality of work and services in the air transport industry. The analysis of theoretical and practical approaches in the studied area was carried out for solving the main task which is the development of correct terminology and practical introduction of the conceptual apparatus into new methodological approaches to creation and implementation of an integrated safety management system for an aviation service provider.
WAYS AND MEANS OF PRESERVING THE BURYAT LANGUAGE AMONG CHILDREN
Authors:   AEI APE RB Buryat Republican Institute of Educational Policy, Sodnomov Sonombal Ts. ,   Center for Native Languages and Cultures  of the Peoples of the Russian Federation RAO
Published: October 2024

The problem of preserving the native language still remains acute, especially among children. Childhood is a special period of human development, the child’s active acquisition of spoken language, the formation and development of all aspects of speech - phonetic, lexical, and grammatical. Our research shows that the number of preschool children who do not understand and do not speak their native Buryat language is increasing from year to year. A very specific situation has developed that requires analysis and special attention from authorities and educational structures and the general public. The author reflects on this and on the ways and means of preserving the native Buryat language in children's environment, shares his experience of conducting and the results of experimental activities on organizing a monolingual speech development environment in preschool educational organizations. The author describes the experience of organizing parent clubs to include parents in educational activities.
3D versus 4K laparoscopic vaginal cuff closure after hysterectomy by surgeons in training: a prospective randomised trial
Authors: Pavone M , Di Berardino S , Esposito G , Baroni A , D’Indinosante M , Giudice M.T. , Gioé A , Campolo F , Catena U , Scambia G , Fanfani F , Restaino S
Published: October 2024

Background: Technological advances in visual systems have contributed to overcoming the limitations in spatial perception of minimally invasive techniques. To date, there is a lack of literature on the advantages of 3D vision systems over 4K in laparoscopic surgery, although benefits have been observed in the training setting.

Objectives: To compare operating times, perioperative outcomes, and task achievement using 3D and 4K vision systems for vaginal cuff closure performed by residents during total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). All surgeons in training have obtained the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgical Education and Assessment (GESEA) certificate.

Materials and methods: This is a prospective randomised trial (NCT04637022). Women undergoing total hysterectomies for benign conditions between January 2021 and November 2023 were enrolled in the study. Vaginal cuff closures were performed by surgeons in training who had obtained the second level of the GESEA programme certificate.

Results: Fifty-four patients were enrolled. There were no statistically significant differences in time between 3D and 4K vision for vaginal cuff closure (p=0.918). No statistically significant differences were observed for mean estimated blood loss (EBL) (overall: 62.85 ± 22.73mL; 3D: 65 ± 24.83mL; 4K: 61.11 ± 21.18; p=0.556) and median hospital stay (p=0.234). Three non-severe intraoperative complications in the 3D group (p=0.048) and three postoperative complications in the entire cohort (p=0.685) were reported.

Conclusions: The operating time for vaginal cuff closure performed by trainee surgeons is similar when comparing 3D vision during conventional laparoscopy and 4K vision systems. The choice of surgical vision systems may be guided by a cost analysis and surgeon preferences.

What is new? Substantial evidence is lacking regarding the advantages of incorporating 3D vision into standard laparoscopy for gynaecological surgery. This research seeks to assess whether the 3D visual system can provide benefits as compared to 4K visualisation during laparoscopic vaginal cuff closure performed by surgeons in training within the GESEA 2 certification programme.
Robotic-assisted excision of diffuse adenomyosis
Authors: Youssef Y , Alkatout I , Ayoubi JM , Feki A , Moawad G
Published: October 2024

Background: Adenomyosis is a chronic, debilitating condition characterised by the presence of endometrial- like glands and stroma within the myometrium. While hysterectomy remains the definitive treatment, uterus- sparing surgeries may be a possible option for patients desiring to maintain fertility. Surgical management, along with medical treatment and/or Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), can improve outcomes.

Objectives: To provide a step-by-step video demonstration of robotic-assisted excision of diffuse adenomyosis affecting the posterior uterine wall.

Materials and Methods: This video article describes the use of a robotic platform in conjunction with intracavitary indocyanine green (ICG) for the uterus-sparing excision of diffuse adenomyosis.

Main Outcome Measures: Perioperative data, specifics of the surgical approach, and both objective and subjective outcomes of this surgical approach.

Results: A 38-year-old nulligravid patient with a history of chronic pelvic pain and infertility underwent surgical management of adenomyosis following two unsuccessful IVF cycles. The excisional surgery resulted in minimal blood loss (60 ml) and the patient was discharged on the same day of surgery with no complications.

Conclusion: In select patients, robotic-assisted surgical management of diffuse adenomyosis can be advantageous. Leveraging the benefits of robotic technology, combined with appropriate surgical techniques, facilitates the performance of extensive surgeries with minimal morbidity and favourable outcomes.
A Review: Graphene Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Mohammed AL-Wahhamy Zainab
Published: October 2024

Next-generation optical fibers with diverse operating mechanisms, high functionality, and a porous structure that may be designed are known as photonic crystal fibers, or PCFs. In the meantime, two-dimensional graphene, possessing incredibly unique characteristics, is a perfect material for optoelectronic and optical uses. Recently, many studies have been published based on the integration of graphene with PCFs to create a new graphene PCF (Gr-PCF). There hybrid fibers show outstanding light-mater interaction over a broad spectrum range. This review starts with general introduction about photonic crystal fiber and analysis of optical properties. This is followed by a Plasmonic PCF then Graphene and physico-chemical properties of graphene nanomaterials. The review primarily covers the introduction of graphene and PCFs with many Applications including Optics Communications and different physical sensors.
AN AUSTRIAN CRITIQUE AND ALTERNATIVE TO DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW ANALYSIS
Authors: Artur Marion Celoin
Published: October 2024

Among scholars, Discounted Cash Flow is considered one of the most precise methods to preview the “fair” value of an asset. However, as the Austrian School explains, social phenomena are complex and cannot be modeled.  Social facts involve uncountable variables and a radical, permanent uncertainty. So, this work presents a critique of the Discounted Cash Flow Perspective and introduces guidelines for the development of an Austrian entrepreneurial-based alternative. Entrepreneurs are individuals who bear uncertainty, while seeking profits and molding the future, aiming to satisfy consumer needs. It is through entrepreneurship that firms sustain their activities over time, challenging turbulences and creating/exploiting opportunities. Then, more than modeling prices of firms, investors should analyze the quality of the entrepreneurship of the firms they intend to invest in, rewarding and trusting those they see as most profitable in the future.
COMENTARIO AL DISCURSODE JAVIER MILEI EN DAVOS
Authors: Huerta de Soto, J.
Published: October 2024

La mayoría de los alumnos ya me han enviado el correspondiente comentario de texto sobre el discurso del presidente de Argentina Javier Milei la semana pasada en Davos, y alguno de ellos me dice: “eso está muy bien, pero, ¿qué comentaría usted señor profesor?”. Es una pregunta inteligente. Yo como alumno también la haría, y sin ánimo de condicionarles, sobre todo porque hay algunos alumnos que se han incorporado tarde, voy a decirles y darles mis comentarios sobre el discurso del presidente Javier Milei la semana pasada en el World Economic Forum de Davos.
AN ETHICAL AND ECONOMIC CRITIQUE OF INSIDER TRADING REGULATION
Authors: Yago Mateos Vela
Published: October 2024

Insider trading, a controversial phenomenon in finance, has been the subject of extensive debate both in the field of economics and in the legal framework. Insider trading refers to the practice of purchasing or selling financial securities by individuals with inside information about a particular company or market. Although the exact definition may vary by jurisdiction, it generally involves the use of non-public information to gain an advantage in financial transactions. The ban on insider trading is widely supported and regulated in many countries with the aim of promoting equality of information and fairness in financial markets.This paper aims to present an alternative perspective on insider trading under the theoretical framework of the Austrian School of Economics. Unlike conventional economic schools, the Austrian School emphasizes the importance of market mechanisms and voluntary coordination in the economy, placing special emphasis on the entrepreneurial function and private property. From this perspective, it is argued that the ban on insider trading is an unnecessary and counterproductive regulation that hinders the proper functioning of the market and economic efficiency.In sections 2 and 3, we briefly present the historical
FIAT MONEY ET PEREAT MUNDUS: REFLECTIONS ON THE 100th ANNIVERSARY OF THE WEIMAR HYPERINFLATION
Authors: Bernardo Ferrero
Published: October 2024

The last few years, marked by pandemics, wars and emergencies of various kinds, have seen on the one hand an enlargement in the ranks of those who call themselves liberals, yet on the other hand, between lockdowns, vaccination requirements and green passes, we have witnessed a continuous and exasperated restriction of individual freedoms, starting with the fundamental freedom of association and disassociation.1 All this should lead us to reflect not only on the fragility of the democratic-liberal institutions, starting with the parliamentary and constitutional instances themselves, but also to question ourselves on the intrinsic limits of these institutions, creatures of a certain idea of freedom sometimes incapable of combining nature and evolution, justice and utility, theory and history.
PREFACIOS DE DINERO, CRÉDITO BANCARIO Y CICLOS ECONÓMICOS HASTA LA 8ª EDICIÓN
Authors: Huerta de Soto, J.
Published: October 2024

Following the success of the first edition of Dinero, Crédito Bancario y Ciclos Económicos, which sold out rapidly, I am pleased to present the second edition to Spanish-speaking readers. To avoid confusion and facilitate the work of scholars and researchers, the contents, structure and page numbering of the first edition have been maintained in the second, though the book has been thoroughly examined and all misprints detected have been eliminated.
PROGRESO Y SENTIDO COMÚN
Authors: Friedrich A. Hayek
Published: October 2024

Hoy en día, los escritores de más sofisticada reputación escasamente se atreven a mencionar el progreso sin entrecomillar la palabra. La implícita confianza en los beneficiosos efectos del progreso, que durante las dos últimas centurias distinguió a los pensadores avanzados, ha llegado a considerarse como signo de una mente poco profunda. Aunque en la mayor parte del mundo la gran masa del pueblo todavía tiene sus esperanzas puestas en el continuo progreso, es común plantearse entre los intelectuales si existe tal cosa o al menos si el progreso es deseable.
LOS SERVICIOS BANCARIOS EN EL MERCADO LIBRE
Authors: Sydney D’Agvilo
Published: October 2024

De todos los servicios que se prestan en el mercado estatizado, probablemente el bancario sería el que más cambiaría al vivir en la sociedad libre, donde reina la eterna Ley Natural. Como he explicado en otro sitio, la mayor fuente de ingresos de los bancos en un sistema bancario de reserva fraccionaria es la concesión de créditos ex nihilo. El dinero de dicho crédito es dinero creado literalmente de la nada, o dicho claramente, es dinero falsificado que, tras pasar por el balance del banco, pasa a engrosar directamente su cuenta de resultados. Se trata de un mega delito piramidal continuado, tan sencillo, en el fondo, de perpetrar como lo siguiente:1) Tener permiso de la mafia estatal para falsificar dinero, lo que se hace tan sólo tecleando unas cifras en un ordenador personal, sin costo de impresión alguno.2) Blanquear el dinero falsificado prestándoselo a alguien, y, to add insult to injury, cobrándole además un interés por ello.
3) Contabilizar el importe de dicho préstamo en sus balances como activos, y teclear ese mismo importe como billetes o depósitos —creados de la nada— en el pasivo.4) Recibir periódicamente del cliente estafado los pagos de los intereses más la devolución del capital, que el cliente deberá pagar en dinero real, en billetes reales, no en dinero falsificado, ya que no dispone de licencia para falsificar como el banco estatista.5) Cada uno de estos pagos que recibe periódicamente el banco estatista son un 100% de beneficio para el banco, puesto que no ha tenido que invertir nada para falsificar el dinero ni ha fabricado nada.6) El único “gasto” del banco es el de comunicar al cliente que tiene que devolver el préstamo que le ha concedido, con dinero falsificado, y que el cliente deberá devolver con dinero real, bajo amenaza de embargarle sus propiedades si no lo hace.7) En su caso, cuando el cliente no pueda realizar alguno de los pagos periódicos comprometidos, embargar sus propiedades para “cubrir” el importe del préstamo de dinero falsificado —es que me da la risa— y obtener así unos ingresos criminales extras, además del importe del capital y de los intereses ya recibidos.
RESEÑA DEL LIBRO ECONOMÍA PARA SACERDOTES
Authors: G. J. Zanotti  , M. Silar
Published: October 2024

La esencia del sacerdocio católico viene definida por su participación en el de Jesucristo. Ello significa que dicho ministerio conlleva una triple tarea o munus, como se dice en latín: 1) munus santificandi; 2) munus docendi; y 3) munus regendi. Es decir, la obligación de santificar el mundo (con la liturgia y los sacramentos), la de instruir a los fieles (con la evangelización y catequesis) y la de administrar los recursos para beneficio de todos (con la Caritas).Por lo general, en los seminarios de formación sacerdotal, a los candidatos se les dan las claves y una sólida instrucción sobre los dos primeros. En cambio, la educación en el ámbito socio-económico brilla, prácticamente, por su ausencia (también en los programas académicos de las facultades en las que laicos cristianos, además de muchos consagrados, se forman en estudios filosófico-teológicos).
REVIEW ON THE EMERGENCE OF A TRADITION: ESSAYS IN HONOR OF JESÚS HUERTA DE SOTO, EDITED BY DAVID HOWDEN AND PHILIPP BAGUS (VOL 1 MONEY AND THE MARKET PROCESS; VOL. 2 PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL ECONOMY). PALGRAVE MACMILLAN 2023
Authors: David Gordon
Published: October 2024

Jesús Huerta de Soto who is professor of economics at the Rey Juan Carlos University of Madrid is the leading representative of the Austrian school of economics in Spain. He is a renowned teacher and two of his many doctoral students David Howden and Philipp Bagus both now themselves professors of economics have edited a festschrift in his honor. The contributors include students, colleagues, friends, teachers, two of his daughters, and his son. The two-volume festschrift contains many valuable essays, but I cannot do more here than comment on a few of them, as there are no less than twenty-seven essays in the first volume and twenty-four in the second as well as two introductory essays by the editors “Jesús Huerta de Soto: A Biographical Sketch” in the first volume and “Jesús Huerta de Soto: An Appreciation” in the second.
The Habitation and Damage of Mite in Apple and Plum Tree Orchards of Armavir Region
Authors: Asatryan Samvel
Published: October 2024

In 2021-2022, a study of herbivorous (phytophagous) mite habitation and harmfulness was conducted in apple and plum orchards in the Armavir region (RA). Research findings of two-year scientific experiments confirmed that between the two apple varieties the Star Crimson variety had the highest habitation rate of Hawthorn Red Spider Mite (Tetranychus viennensis Zacher), specifically 52.7 % in the first year, and 55.5 % in the second year. Among the three plum varieties, Vengerka Italian had the highest habitation rate (49.5 and 53.2 %, respectively) of common spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Research findings also confirm that at the peak of leaf damage, compared to the Golden Delicious apple variety, the damage caused by Hawthorn Red Spider Mite to the leaves of the Star Crimson apple variety was high in 2021-2022 (43.5 % and 45.0 % respectively). There was relatively high damage caused by Hawthorn Red Spider Mite to the “Vengerka Italian” variety in 2021 and 2022 (39.9 % and 41.0 %, respectively). Effective control measures against phytophagous mites with high habitation in apple and plum orchards will be
developed and offered to farmers.
Quality Control Procedure of Different Parameters of X-Rays System and Optimization of Radiation Doses to the Patient
Authors: Waris Ali
Published: October 2024

Quality control helps radio-diagnostic facilities achieve appropriate radiological information with little dose and cost. In this study, quality control tests included Kilovoltage kVp accuracy and reproducibility, KVp and timer reproducibility, taking voltage verses radiation doses checking and reproducibility, milliampere(mA) and timer linearity, milliampere second mAs reproducibility and output doses verses mAs, light-radiation collimator integrity, Perpendicularity, and HVL These results were compared to established methods. A certified physicist should do this test. Equipment functionality was determined via the status test. This was done shortly following the acceptance test. The test is repeated after repair that affects functional status, like the acceptance test. A certified physicist performs the status test, which involves absolute measurements. All processes at AECH DINAR D.I. Khan were within acceptable limits.
SKH-NLP at LLMs4OL 2024 Task B: Taxonomy Discovery in Ontologies Using BERT and LLaMA 3
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Karimi Manesh Mostafa , Shamsfard Mehrnoush
Published: October 2024

Taxonomy discovery in ontologies refers to extracting the parent class from the child class. By modeling this task as a classification problem, we addressed it using two different approaches. The first approach involved fine-tuning the “BERT-Large” model with various prompts and using it in a classification system. In the second approach, we utilized the “LLaMA 3 70B” model, experimenting with different prompts and modifying them to achieve the best results. Additionally, we evaluated the correctness of the answers using substring and Levenshtein distance functions. The results indicate that, with appropriate fine-tuning, the BERT model can achieve performance levels comparable to those of more recent and significantly larger language models, such as LLaMA 3 70B. However, with appropriate prompts, LLaMA 3 70B performs slightly better than BERT, highlighting the importance of prompt quality. Ultimately, further experiments on different settings for fine-tuning BERT, few-shot learning, and using knowledge graphs for validating the model's answers for LLaMA are recommended to improve the results. Additionally, testing other models and examining the results of various encoder-based and decoder-based models can be employed.
DSTI at LLMs4OL 2024 Task A: Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Knowledge for Type Classification
Authors: Abi Akl Hanna
Published: October 2024

We introduce semantic towers, an extrinsic knowledge representation method, and compare it to intrinsic knowledge in large language models for ontology learning. Our experiments show a trade-off between performance and semantic grounding for extrinsic knowledge compared to a fine-tuned model's intrinsic knowledge. We report our findings on the Large Language Models for Ontology Learning (LLMs4OL) 2024 challenge.
Immunotherapeutic Targeting and PET Imaging of DLL3 in Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chou Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Surface protein targeting therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are an exciting emerging class of cancer therapies. In this talk, we will discuss how to harness these surface proteins to build effective therapeutic and imaging agents, and how to modulate their expression in cancer cells to improve targeting efficacy. Using DLL3 as an example target in small-cell/neuroendocrine prostate cancer (SCNC), we will demonstrate how AMG 757 (tarlatamab), a half-life extended BiTE immunotherapy, redirects CD3-positive T cells to kill DLL3-expressing patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models of SCNC and provide long-term, durable tumor control in mouse models. We will explore how heterogeneity of DLL3 expression impacts response to AMG 757 and provide data on how PET imaging agents may help us with patient selection, as these therapies enter into clinical trials. Finally, we will explore methods to prime tumors and enhance surface protein target expression, which can lead to improved tumor control.
The Effect of Digitalization of Banking Services on Consumer Satisfaction
Authors: Panjaitan Chetrin Ruth Caroline , Sianturi Charles M. , Rajagukguk Jonson
Published: October 2024

Digitalization services are a banking innovation in providing fast services that can be accessed anytime and anywhere to consumers. Bank BRI Sisimangaraja is one of the banks developing this digitalization service innovation. Consumer satisfaction is the main factor that must be considered by a service provider company, especially banking, to maintain the company's survival. Therefore, in order to achieve consumer satisfaction, digitalization services are carried out well and correctly. The aim of this research is to find out whether the digitalization of banking services has an effect on bank consumer satisfaction. In accordance with research, there are four elements of measuring banking digitalization services that influence consumer satisfaction, namely speed, accuracy, comfort and security. This research uses quantitative research methods with multiple linear regression analysis. The respondents in this research were 120 people who were active customers of Bank BRI Sisimangaraja. The research results obtained from this research show that speed has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. The size of the regression coefficient is 0.221, meaning that speed influences consumer satisfaction by 0.221 units. Accuracy has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. The size of the regression coefficient is 0.267, meaning that accuracy influences consumer satisfaction by 0.267 units. Convenience has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. The size of the regression coefficient is 0.452, meaning that comfort influences consumer satisfaction by 0.452 units. Security has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. The size of the regression coefficient is 0.710, meaning that security influences consumer satisfaction by 0.710 units. In this way, speed, accuracy, comfort and security have a significant effect simultaneously (together) on the consumer satisfaction variable. Based on the results of the table analysis, the adjusted R square value is 0.479. This means that the influence of service and product quality contributes a joint influence of 47.9% to the consumer satisfaction variable, while the remaining 52.1% is influenced by other variables.
PRESENÇA DE STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS EM LÍQUIDO SEMINAL
Authors: Silva MS , Reis PRP , Andreoli RR , Mendes CEA , Penteado RMC , Guerra JCC
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Demonstrar a presença do parasita intestinal Strongyloides stercoralis em líquido seminal. Método: Paciente de 48 anos de idade, sem história clínica conhecida, informou, em questionário específico para a realização do teste de espermograma, o uso da medicação lexapro, abstinência sexual de um dia e sem perda de material durante a coleta. Por solicitação médica, utilizou nosso serviço laboratorial para realização de exame de avaliação de fertilidade após procedimento de vasectomia, efetuada em março de 2016. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos no exame de espermograma foram – liquefação: completa; viscosidade: aumentada; aspecto: homogênio; cor: branco opalescente; pH 8,3; volume coletado 1,5 ml; concentração espermática: 0/ml; células germinativas: 0/ml; leucócitos: 0/ml e ausência de hemácias. Após a centrifugação, não foram observados espermatozoides na amostra e microcentrifugação negativa. Durante o procedimento padrão de varredura laminar, observou-se a figura de um possível parasita intestinal vivo que se confirmou como Strongyloides stercoralis, após a análise minunciosa de especialistas em microbiologia/parasitologia. Apesar de raros, existem achados na literatura evidenciando a presença de parasitas intestinais em fluidos improváveis, como o líquido seminal. É notória a importância da higiene, tanto do local quanto das mãos antes da coleta, para evitar possíveis contaminações cruzadas. Nesses casos, o médico do paciente sempre deverá ser notificado para que, se necessário, realize conduta clínica contra a infestação parasitária. Referências: 1. Samanta S. Strongyloides stercoralis in semen with oligospermia. Disponível em: https://www.researchgate.net. 2. Neves DP, Neto JBB. Atlas didático de parasitologia. 3 ed. Editora Atheneu; 2019.
HEMOGLOBINA GLICADA: SOLICITAÇÕES POTENCIALMENTE DESNECESSÁRIAS E IMPACTO NOS CUSTOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Gallo DC , Nobrega AC , Pazzini LMB , Cury Neto G , Pinto MS
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A hemoglobina glicada (A1c) expressa em porcentagem a taxa de glicação, ligação irreversível da glicose à hemoglobina. Visto que a vida média das hemácias é de 90 a 120 dias, os níveis de A1c correspondem à média das glicemias durante o período, estando também relacionada com as complicações crônicas do diabetes. Sua classificação consiste em indivíduos normais (A1c ≤ 5,6%), pré-diabéticos (A1c 5,7% a 6,4%) e diabéticos (A1c ≥ 6,5%). Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar as solicitações de A1c em um laboratório ambulatorial privado de grande porte e analisar os exames realizados potencialmente desnecessários e os impactos nos custos em saúde. Método: Estudo realizado por meio de análise estatística de um banco de dados do laboratório, com solicitações de A1c no período de 12 meses, entre abril de 2021 a abril de 2022. Nesse período, foram atendidos 117.323 pacientes e realizados 166.152 exames de A1c. Dos pacientes estudados, 80.210 (68,4%) apresentaram resultado dentro da normalidade; destes, 16.249 (13,8%) realizaram mais de um exame ao ano, representando 20.918 (12,6%) exames potencialmente desnecessários. Em indivíduos classificados como pré-diabéticos e diabéticos, foram 43.641 (26,3%) e 21.383 (12,9%) exames realizados em 26.689 e 10.424 pacientes, respectivamente, totalizando 345 pré-diabéticos e 486 diabéticos que realizaram mais de quatro exames no ano. Conclusão: A realização de A1c em indivíduos com resultados repetidamente normais é potencialmente inapropriada e tem impacto ao próprio paciente e nos custos do sistema de saúde. Faz-se necessário o investimento em educação médica, além da questão cultural da população, que associa a realização excessiva de exames à uma boa prática médica. Referências: 1. Rodacki M, Teles M, Gabbay M, Montenegro R, Bertoluci M. Classificação do diabetes. Diretriz Oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes. 2022. DOI: 10.29327/557753.2022-1, ISBN: 978-65-5941-622-6.
ESTUDO DE VERIFICAÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DO LIMITE DE QUANTIFICAÇÃO E SENSIBILIDADE FUNCIONAL DO TESTE IGA NA PLATAFORMA DE IMUNOTURBIDIMETRIA ADVIA 2400
Authors: Rosa TCRA , Dias AC , Silva LA , Caixeta MVF , Barbosa AL , Nery LFA , Martins GR , Marques V
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Verificar o limite de quantificação (LoQ) e sensibilidade funcional (SF) do IgA sérico em valores abaixo do limite de decisão médica (7 mg/dl) em método turbidimétrico. Método: Selecionamos amostra abaixo do valor de 7 mg/dl e processamos no Advia 2400, método turbidimétrico. O erro total máximo (ETM) do estudo de LoQ foi de 23% (fonte: Controllab). Foi usado o limite de decisão de 7 mg/ dl para definir o ETM absoluto de 1,61 mg/dl (23% de 7 mg/dl); critério espelhado do RCPA para a definição dos ETM absolutos para valores abaixo do limite de decisão específico de cada mensurando. O coeficiente de variação máxima (CVM) do estudo de SF foi de 20%. O protocolo, que avalia simultaneamente tanto o LoQ quanto a SF, foi adaptado das publicações de Armbruster e Huang, Wang e Yang. Conclusão: Os ET analíticos estimados para os dois sistemas analíticos avaliados (1,403 e 1,450 mg/ dl) foram menores do que o ETM (1,61 mg/dl); imprecisão analítica (10% e 11,79%) menores do que o CVM (20%). Portanto, tanto o LoQ quanto a SF foram verificadas para uma concentração de 6,17 mg/dl, respectivamente. Foram identificados erros sistemáticos médios de -6 e -5,69 mg/dl na comparação entre métodos no laboratório e no EP, respectivamente. Os erros analíticos máximos variaram de -7,45 a -7,4, respectivamente. O LoQ e SF foram verificados e validados, pois os erros analíticos associados são menores do que as EQA. As diferenças analíticas entre os resultados, quando comparamos duas plataformas não harmonizadas (Advia 2400 e BNII), são semelhantes às diferenças encontradas nos resultados de rodadas dos EP’s. Assim, LoQ e SF para valores com concentração próxima a 6 mg/dl foram aprovados no método turbidimétrico. Referências: 1. Armbruster DA, Pry T. Limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. Clin Biochem Ver. 2008; 29(1): S49-S52. 2. Huang S, Wang T, Yang M. The evaluation of statistical methods for estimating the lower limit of detection. Assay Drug Development Technologies. 2013; 11: 35-43.