bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between use of vitamin and mineral supplement and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in hypertensive adults
Authors: Park Yoonmi , Smith-Warner Stephanie A. , Zhang Xuehong , Park Yoon Jung , Kim Hyesook , Park Hyesook , Lee Hye Ah , Jung Seungyoun
Published: August 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic metabolic disorder in hypertensive adults. Impaired metabolism of micronutrients may increase NAFLD risk by exacerbating oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and inflammation among hypertensive adults. In this first cross-sectional analysis of 7,376 hypertensive adults with 2,015 NAFLD cases in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, vitamin and mineral supplements (VMS) use was identified via questionnaire. NAFLD was defined by a hepatic steatosis index > 36. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (MVOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models. In our study, 18.6% were current users of VMS; of these, 76.7% used multi-vitamin/mineral supplements. Current VMS users had significantly lower odds of NAFLD, compared with non-users (MVOR [95% CI]: 0.73 [0.58–0.92]). The inverse association became attenuated and non-significant among those consuming VMS at higher frequency (≥ 2 times/day), for longer duration (> 16 months), and taking ≥ 2 VMS products. The inverse association with current use of VMS was only evident in those aged < 56 years (MVOR [95% CI]: 0.54 [0.40–0.72]) and men (MVOR [95% CI]: 0.56 [0.40–0.80])(Pinteraction ≤ 0.04). Our results suggest that VMS use may lower NAFLD risk, particularly among younger or male hypertensive adults, if taken in moderation.
Modified polysulfone membrane facilitates rapid separation of plasma from whole blood for an effective anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgM diagnosis
Authors: Ijadi Bajestani Maryam , Ahmadzadeh Hossein
Published: August 2023

During the outbreak of coronavirus, RT-PCR was the premier gold standard method for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) diagnosis. However, the sophisticated procedure of RT-PCR persuades researchers to develop sustainable point-of-need immunoassay methods for tracing unwitting carriers of SARSCoV-2. Herein, by fabricating a modified polysulfone (MPSF) membrane, we developed an integrated radial flow immunoassay (IRFIA) platform as a point-of-care system, capable of multiplying the immunoassays at a short run time. The target molecule is the SARSCoV-2 IgM in separated plasma. Although the lateral flow immunoassay kits for the rapid identification of Covid-19 have already been commercially developed but, the proposed method is superior to the conventional lateral flow immunoassay. In the newly designed membrane system, we have combined the five membranes of prevalent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strips in one polymeric membrane. The MPSF membrane is capable of separating plasma from whole blood sample, which will reduce the interference of red colour of hemoglobin with generated signal and enhance the immunoassay precision. The efficiency of plasma separation, reached the mean value of 97.34 v/v% in 5 s. Furthermore, the gel electrophoresis results of the separated plasma contrasted with centrifuged plasma sample, demonstrated more efficient separation by the membrane. Using the MPSF membrane, signal generation time reduced from about 20 min in conventional rapid test strip for Covid-19 to about 7 min in IRFIA platform. The sensitivity and specificity of the membrane platform were determined to be 89% and 90%, respectively and a Kappa coefficient of 0.79 showed reliable agreement between the RT-PCR and the membrane system.
Fs laser written volume Raman–Nath grating for integrated spectrometer on smartphone
Authors: Boisvert Jean-Sébastien , Loranger Sébastien , Kashyap Raman
Published: August 2023

In this work we demonstrate the integration of a spectrometer directly into smartphone screen by femtosecond laser inscription of a weak Raman–Nath volume grating either into the Corning Gorilla glass screen layer or in the tempered aluminosilicate glass protector screen placed in front of the phone camera. Outside the thermal accumulation regime, a new writing regime yielding positive refractive index change was found for both glasses which is fluence dependent. The upper-bound threshold for this thermal-accumulation-less writing regime was found for both glasses and were, respectively at a repetition rate less than 150 kHz and 101 kHz for fluence of 8.7 × 106 J/m2and 1.4 × 107 J/m2. A weak volume Raman–Nath grating of dimension 0.5 by 3 mm and 3 μm pitch was placed in front of a Samsung Galaxy S21 FE cellphone to record the spectrum using the 2nd diffraction order. This spectrometer covers the visible band from 401 to 700 nm with a 0.4 nm/pixel detector resolution and 3 nm optical resolution. It was used to determine the concentration detection limit of Rhodamine 6G in water which was found to be 0.5 mg/L. This proof of concept paves the way to in-the-field absorption spectroscopy for quick information gathering.
Spatial distribution and ecological niche modeling of geographical spread of Anopheles gambiae complex in Nigeria using real time data
Authors: Adeogun Adedapo , Babalola Ayodele Samuel , Okoko Okefu Oyale , Oyeniyi Tolulope , Omotayo Ahmed , Izekor Romoke Tawakalitu , Adetunji Oluwakemi , Olakiigbe Abiodun , Olagundoye Olalekan , Adeleke Monsuru , Ojianwuna Cynthia , Adamu Dagona , Daskum Abdullahi , Musa Jibrin , Sambo Obadiah , Adedayo Oduola , Inyama Petrus Uchenna , Samdi Lazarus , Obembe Abiodun , Dogara Musa , Kennedy Poloma , Mohammed Suleiman , Samuel Rebecca , Amajoh Chioma , Adesola Musa , Bala Mohammed , Esema Mary , Omo-Eboh Mamudu , Sinka Marianne , Idowu Olufunmilayo Ajoke , Ande Adeolu , Olayemi Israel , Yayo Abdulsalami , Uhomoibhi Perpetua , Awolola Samson , Salako Babatunde
Published: August 2023

The need for evidence-based data, to inform policy decisions on malaria vector control interventions in Nigeria, necessitated the establishment of mosquito surveillance sites in a few States in Nigeria. In order to make evidence-based-decisions, predictive studies using available data becomes imperative. We therefore predict the distribution of the major members of the Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Nigeria. Immature stages of Anopheles were collected from 72 study locations which span throughout the year 2020 resulted in the identification of over 60,000 Anopheline mosquitoes. Of these, 716 breeding sites were identified with the presence of one or more vector species from the An. gambiae complex and were subsequently used for modelling the potential geographical distribution of these important malaria vectors. Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) distribution modeling was used to predict their potentially suitable vector habitats across Nigeria. A total of 23 environmental variables (19 bioclimatic and four topographic) were used in the model resulting in maps of the potential geographical distribution of three dominant vector species under current climatic conditions. Members of the An. gambiae complex dominated the collections (98%) with Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles coustani, Anopheles funestus, Anopheles moucheti, Anopheles nilli also present. An almost equal distribution of the two efficient vectors of malaria, An. gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii, were observed across the 12 states included in the survey. Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii had almost equal, well distributed habitat suitability patterns with the latter having a slight range expansion. However, the central part of Nigeria (Abuja) and some highly elevated areas (Jos) in the savannah appear not suitable for the proliferation of these species. The most suitable habitat for Anopheles arabiensis was mainly in the South-west and North-east. The results of this study provide a baseline allowing decision makers to monitor the distribution of these species and establish a management plan for future national mosquito surveillance and control programs in Nigeria.
Influence of diatomite and its base modifications on the self-adhesive properties of silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives
Authors: Antosik Adrian Krzysztof , Mozelewska Karolina , Musik Marlena , Miądlicki Piotr
Published: August 2023

The study examined how diatomite and its modifications affected the self-adhesive ability of silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives. To create adhesive composition for testing, fillers were added to a commercial silicone resin, which were then used to create new modified pressure-sensitive tapes. The resulting tapes were tested to determine their adhesion, tack, cohesion at room and elevated temperature, SAFT test (Shear Adhesive Failure Temperature), pot-life (viscosity) and shrinkage. The results obtained were compared with those of the unmodified tapes. The tests resulted in higher thermal resistance (225 °C) and lower shrinkage (0.1%). As a result, we can conclude that materials with thermal resistance with a slight decrease in other parameters were obtained.
Understanding the impact of along-transect resolution on acoustic surveys
Authors: Boyra Guillermo , Paradinas Iosu , Rico Iñaki , Martínez Udane , Nogueira Enrique
Published: August 2023

Resolution can be defined as the minimum distance between two consecutive sampling points taken by an instrument. In acoustic surveys, the main parameter determining the resolution of sampling along a transect is the distance between successive echosounder transmissions or “pings”. An increase in either the time interval between pings or the speed of the vessel increases the inter-ping distance, hence decreasing the effective sampling resolution. This study investigated whether a loss in along-transect resolution affects the mean backscattered acoustic energy, leading to uncertainty and/or bias in abundance estimates. To this end, a real acoustic survey was echo-integrated, followed by the application of a systematic resampling scheme to simulate a decrease in pinging resolution. For each transect, the mean backscattered acoustic energy calculated at each resolution was compared with that at the original resolution. Transects were characterised according to their heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation to investigate their effect on the relationship between abundance error and sampling resolution. Uncertainty was seen to increase with decreasing resolution, with higher heterogeneity and lower spatial autocorrelation accelerating the rise in imprecision. Although the mean bias across replicates was zero, the asymmetry of the bias distributions increased with decreasing resolution, leading to an increasing probability and magnitude of underestimation (https://aztigps.shinyapps.io/PingRateStudio/).
Effects of prior knowledge on brain activation and functional connectivity during memory retrieval
Authors: Guo Dingrong , Chen Haoyu , Wang Lingwei , Yang Jiongjiong
Published: August 2023

Previous studies have shown that the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays an important role in schema-related memory. However, there is an intensive debate to what extent the activation of subregions of the hippocampus is involved in retrieving schema-related memory. In addition, it is unclear how the functional connectivity (FC) between the vmPFC and the hippocampus, as well as the connectivity of the vmPFC with other regions, are modulated by prior knowledge (PK) during memory retrieval over time. To address these issues, participants learned paragraphs that described features of each unfamiliar word from familiar and unfamiliar categories (i.e., high and low PK conditions) 20 min, 1 day, and 1 week before the test. They then performed a recognition task to judge whether the sentences were old in the scanner. The results showed that the activation of the anterior-medial hippocampus (amHPC) cluster was stronger when the old sentences with high (vs. low) PK were correctly retrieved. The activation of the posterior hippocampus (pHPC) cluster, as well as the vmPFC, was stronger when the new sentences with high (vs. low) PK were correctly rejected (i.e., CR trials), whereas the cluster of anterior-lateral hippocampus (alHPC) showed the opposite. The FC of the vmPFC with the amHPC and perirhinal cortex/inferior temporal gyrus was stronger in the high (vs. low) PK condition, whereas the FC of the vmPFC with the alHPC, thalamus and frontal regions showed the opposite for the CR trials. This study highlighted that different brain networks, which were associated with the vmPFC, subregions of the hippocampus and cognitive control regions, were responsible for retrieving the information with high and low PK.
A simplified mesoscale 3D model for characterizing fibrinolysis under flow conditions
Authors: Petkantchin Remy , Rousseau Alexandre , Eker Omer , Zouaoui Boudjeltia Karim , Raynaud Franck , Chopard Bastien ,   the INSIST investigators, Majoie Charles , van Bavel Ed , Marquering Henk , Arrarte-Terreros Nerea , Konduri Praneeta , Georgakopoulou Sissy , Roos Yvo , Hoekstra Alfons , Padmos Raymond , Azizi Victor , Miller Claire , van der Kolk Max , van der Lugt Aad , Dippel Diederik W. J. , Lingsma Hester L. , Boodt Nikki , Samuels Noor , Payne Stephen , Jozsa Tamas , El-Bouri Wahbi K. , Gilvarry Michael , McCarthy Ray , Duffy Sharon , Dwivedi Anushree , Fereidoonnezhad Behrooz , Moerman Kevin , McGarry Patrick , Staessens Senna , de Meyer Simon F. , Vandelanotte Sarah , Migliavacca Francesco , Dubini Gabriele , Luraghi Giulia , Rodriguez Matas Jose Felix , Bridio Sara , Chopard Bastien , Raynaud Franck , Petkantchin Rémy , Blanc-Guillemaud Vanessa , Panteleev Mikhail , Shibeko Alexey , Zouaoui Boudjeltia Karim
Published: August 2023

One of the routine clinical treatments to eliminate ischemic stroke thrombi is injecting a biochemical product into the patient’s bloodstream, which breaks down the thrombi’s fibrin fibers: intravenous or intravascular thrombolysis. However, this procedure is not without risk for the patient; the worst circumstances can cause a brain hemorrhage or embolism that can be fatal. Improvement in patient management drastically reduced these risks, and patients who benefited from thrombolysis soon after the onset of the stroke have a significantly better 3-month prognosis, but treatment success is highly variable. The causes of this variability remain unclear, and it is likely that some fundamental aspects still require thorough investigations. For that reason, we conducted in vitro flow-driven fibrinolysis experiments to study pure fibrin thrombi breakdown in controlled conditions and observed that the lysis front evolved non-linearly in time. To understand these results, we developed an analytical 1D lysis model in which the thrombus is considered a porous medium. The lytic cascade is reduced to a second-order reaction involving fibrin and a surrogate pro-fibrinolytic agent. The model was able to reproduce the observed lysis evolution under the assumptions of constant fluid velocity and lysis occurring only at the front. For adding complexity, such as clot heterogeneity or complex flow conditions, we propose a 3-dimensional mesoscopic numerical model of blood flow and fibrinolysis, which validates the analytical model’s results. Such a numerical model could help us better understand the spatial evolution of the thrombi breakdown, extract the most relevant physiological parameters to lysis efficiency, and possibly explain the failure of the clinical treatment. These findings suggest that even though real-world fibrinolysis is a complex biological process, a simplified model can recover the main features of lysis evolution.
Myosteatosis as a prognostic factor of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease
Authors: Chung Eunki , Park Youngmok , Kim Song Yee , Park Moo Suk , Kim Young Sam , Lee Hye-Jeong , Kang Young Ae
Published: August 2023

Quantitative body composition affects the prognosis of patients with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD). However, whether the qualitative body composition obtained indirectly through computed tomography (CT) affects their prognosis is debatable. We retrospectively analyzed patients with MAC-PD who underwent non-contrast CT at MAC-PD diagnosis. The cross-sectional area of the erector spinae muscle (ESM area), the Hounsfield unit of the erector spinae muscle (ESM HU), and the cross-sectional area of subcutaneous fat (SQF area) were measured at the level of the first lumbar vertebra. Myosteatosis were defined below the median value of ESM HU for each sex. Of 377 patients, 45 (11.9%) died during the follow-up. Patients who died were older and had a lower ratio of females (33.3%). In body compositions, SQF area and ESM HU were lower in the patients who died. In multivariable analysis, a low ESM HU was associated with increased mortality (ESM HU adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93–0.97) through body composition. SQF area revealed protective effects in MAC-PD patients with body mass index ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 (aHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.00). In conclusion, the decrease in ESM HU, which indirectly reflects myosteatosis, is associated with mortality in patients with MAC-PD.
Analysis of carbon emission drivers and multi-scenario projection of carbon peaks in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Wang Liangmin , Xue Weixian
Published: August 2023

The Yellow River Basin is a key ecological barrier and commercial zone in China, as well as an essential source of energy, chemicals, raw materials, and fundamental industrial foundation, the achievement of its carbon peaking is of great significance for China’s high-quality development. Based on this, we decomposed the influencing factors of carbon dioxide emissions in the Yellow River Basin using the LMDI method and predicted the carbon peaking in the Yellow River Basin under different scenarios using the STIRPAT model. The results show that (1) the energy intensity effect, economic activity effect and population effect play a positive role in promoting carbon emissions during 2005–2020. The largest effect on carbon emissions is the population size effect, with a contribution rate of 65.6%. (2) The STIRPAT model predicts that the peak of scenarios “M–L”, “M–M” and “M–H” will occur in 2030 at the earliest. The “M–H” scenario is the best model for controlling carbon emissions while economic and social development in the Yellow River Basin. The results of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the development of a reasonable carbon peak attainment path in the Yellow River Basin and help policy makers to develop a corresponding high-quality development path.
Pursuit of hidden rules behind the irregularity of nano capillary lithography by hybrid intelligence
Authors: Cho In Ho , Ji Myung Gi , Kim Jaeyoun
Published: August 2023

Nature finds a way to leverage nanotextures to achieve desired functions. Recent advances in nanotechnologies endow fascinating multi-functionalities to nanotextures by modulating the nanopixel’s height. But nanoscale height control is a daunting task involving chemical and/or physical processes. As a facile, cost-effective, and potentially scalable remedy, the nanoscale capillary force lithography (CFL) receives notable attention. The key enabler is optical pre-modification of photopolymer’s characteristics via ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Still, the underlying physics of the nanoscale CFL is not well understood, and unexplained phenomena such as the “forbidden gap” in the nano capillary rise (unreachable height) abound. Due to the lack of large data, small length scales, and the absence of first principles, direct adoptions of machine learning or analytical approaches have been difficult. This paper proposes a hybrid intelligence approach in which both artificial and human intelligence coherently work together to unravel the hidden rules with small data. Our results show promising performance in identifying transparent, physics-retained rules of air diffusivity, dynamic viscosity, and surface tension, which collectively appear to explain the forbidden gap in the nanoscale CFL. This paper promotes synergistic collaborations of humans and AI for advancing nanotechnology and beyond.
Towards comprehensive air quality management using low-cost sensors for pollution source apportionment
Authors: Bousiotis Dimitrios , Allison Gordon , Beddows David C. S. , Harrison Roy M. , Pope Francis D.
Published: August 2023

Successful air quality management and control not only requires measurements of air pollution levels. It also requires information on the sources of air pollution, and their relative magnitudes and importance, to plan and enact cost-effective control measures. This paper provides an important breakthrough towards the wider and more comprehensive use of source apportionment via low-cost techniques. Low-cost sensor measurements, along with the statistical methods of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and k-means clustering, were able to successfully pinpoint and quantify the main sources of pollution in three regulatory important sites (a construction site, a quarry and a roadside). The anticipated levels of pollution, which were dependent on meteorological conditions and temporal variations, were assessed. The analysis provides information crucial for successful air quality management and control at a significantly lower cost than previously achieved. The strengths and weaknesses of the methodologies used are illustrated and discussed.
The role of upper-ocean variations of the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension in seasonal-to-decadal air-sea heat flux variability
Authors: Joh Youngji , Delworth Thomas L. , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Yang Xiaosong , Rosati Anthony , Johnson Nathaniel C. , Jia Liwei
Published: August 2023

The Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) is the North Pacific oceanic frontal zone where air-sea heat and moisture exchanges allow strong communication between the ocean and atmosphere. Using satellite observations and reanalysis datasets, we show that the KOE surface heat flux variations are very closely linked to Kuroshio Extension (KE) sea surface height (SSH) variability on both seasonal and decadal time scales. We investigate seasonal oceanic and atmospheric anomalies associated with anomalous KE upper ocean temperature, as reflected in SSH anomalies (SSHa). We show that the ocean-induced seasonal changes in air-sea coupled processes, which are accompanied by KE upper-ocean temperature anomalies, lead to significant ocean-to-atmosphere heat transfer during November-December-January (i.e., NDJ). This anomalous NDJ KOE upward heat transfer has recently grown stronger in the observational record, which also appears to be associated with the enhanced KE decadal variability. Highlighting the role of KOE heat fluxes as a communicator between the upper-ocean and the overlying atmosphere, our findings suggest that NDJ KOE heat flux variations could be a useful North Pacific climate indicator.
Emergence of a Bose polaron in a small ring threaded by the Aharonov-Bohm flux
Authors: Brauneis Fabian , Ghazaryan Areg , Hammer Hans-Werner , Volosniev Artem G.
Published: August 2023

The model of a ring threaded by the Aharonov-Bohm flux underlies our understanding of a coupling between gauge potentials and matter. The typical formulation of the model is based upon a single particle picture, and should be extended when interactions with other particles become relevant. Here, we illustrate such an extension for a particle in an Aharonov-Bohm ring subject to interactions with a weakly interacting Bose gas. We show that the ground state of the system can be described using the Bose-polaron concept—a particle dressed by interactions with a bosonic environment. We connect the energy spectrum to the effective mass of the polaron, and demonstrate how to change currents in the system by tuning boson-particle interactions. Our results suggest the Aharonov-Bohm ring as a platform for studying coherence and few- to many-body crossover of quasi-particles that arise from an impurity immersed in a medium.
Charge fluctuations in the intermediate-valence ground state of SmCoIn5
Authors: Tam David W. , Colonna Nicola , Kumar Neeraj , Piamonteze Cinthia , Alarab Fatima , Strocov Vladimir N. , Cervellino Antonio , Fennell Tom , Gawryluk Dariusz Jakub , Pomjakushina Ekaterina , Soh Y. , Kenzelmann Michel
Published: August 2023

The microscopic mechanism of heavy band formation, relevant for unconventional superconductivity in CeCoIn5 and other Ce-based heavy fermion materials, depends strongly on the efficiency with which f electrons are delocalized from the rare earth sites and participate in a Kondo lattice. Replacing Ce3+ (4f1, J = 5/2) with Sm3+ (4f5, J = 5/2), we show that a combination of the crystal electric field and on-site Coulomb repulsion causes SmCoIn5 to exhibit a Γ7 ground state similar to CeCoIn5 with multiple f electrons. We show that with this single-ion ground state, SmCoIn5 exhibits a temperature-induced valence crossover consistent with a Kondo scenario, leading to increased delocalization of f holes below a temperature scale set by the crystal field, Tv ≈ 60 K. Our result provides evidence that in the case of many f electrons, the crystal field remains the dominant tuning knob in controlling the efficiency of delocalization near a heavy fermion quantum critical point, and additionally clarifies that charge fluctuations play a general role in the ground state of “115” materials.
Prevalence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) types among cervical dysplasia women attending a gynaecological clinic in Sweden
Authors: García Fabricio Romero , Norenhag Johanna , Edfeldt Gabriella , Cheng Liqin , Hugerth Luisa Warchavchik , Pennhag Alexandra A. L. , Schuppe-Koistinen Ina , Engstrand Lars , Olovsson Matts , Du Juan
Published: August 2023

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV-vaccines have led to a significant decrease in HPV-infections and related cancer cases. The estimation of the current HPV-prevalence and distribution of different HPV-types among women with cervical dysplasia is important for the future vaccination strategy.

Methods

By using a multiplexed bead-based immunoassay, we revealed the prevalence of 27 HPV-types in 168 dysplasia women aged 21–70 from Uppsala University hospital, Sweden.

Results

The prevalence of HPV in low-and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL, respectively) were 56.3% and 76.7%, respectively. The oncogenic HPV-types constituted 80.0%, and 97.1% among the HPV-positive LSIL and HSIL-groups, respectively, with HPV16 as the most prevalent type. We found a reduction in oncogenic HPV-types covered by the bi- and quadrivalent vaccines in the vaccinated HSIL-group, suggesting the effectiveness of the HPV-vaccine in preventing dysplasia caused by the covered HPV-types. Oncogenic HPV-types 39 and 59, not covered by any current vaccine have an important prevalence among patients with cervical dysplasia.

Conclusions

Oncogenic-HPV-types are highly prevalent among women with HSIL. The current vaccine presents effectiveness for reducing the covered HPV-types among dysplasia patients.
Research on a three-dimensional SERS substrate based on a CNTs/Ag@Au/SiO2 composite for detection of fipronil and imidacloprid pesticides
Authors: Sun Chao , Wang Lizheng , Guo Naiyu , Hu Runze , Ye Li , Hu Zhiming , Ding Jianjun
Published: August 2023

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has a unique fingerprint spectrum, which allows for rapid, highly sensitive, and non-destructive detection without the need for sample pretreatment.
Peptide derived from stromal cell-derived factor 1δ enhances the in vitro expression of osteogenic proteins via bone marrow stromal cell differentiation and promotes bone formation in in vivo models
Authors: Seon Jong Keun , Kuppa Sree Samanvitha , Kang Ju Yeon , Lee Jun Sik , Park Su A. , Yoon Taek Rim , Park Kyung Soon , Kim Hyung Keun
Published: August 2023

Utilizing BFP-5 peptide derived from SDF-1δ to attract CXCR4-expressing MSCs for enhanced bone regeneration and healing.
Surface chemistry mediates the tumor entrance of nanoparticles probed using single-molecule dual-imaging nanodots
Authors: Ren Huiming , Hu Qiuhui , Sun Yuji , Zhou Xiaoxuan , Zhu Yincong , Dong Qiuyang , Chen Linying , Tang Jianbin , Hu Hongjie , Shen Youqing , Zhou Zhuxian
Published: August 2023

We develop single-molecule dual-imaging nanodots by divergent growth for fluorescence and MR imaging of surface chemistry-dependent tumor entrance. The results show that the surface chemistry of nanoparticles can dominate the ways of tumor entrance.
Photosynthetic bioconversion of hydroponic effluent into biochemical-rich biomass for microalgal biorefineries
Authors: Tiwari Harshit , Prajapati Sanjeev Kumar
Published: August 2023

Here we comparatively assessed eight different microalgae for possible recycling and bioconversion of residual nutrients from hydroponic effluent (HE) into biochemical-rich microalgal biomass.
Chemically recyclable and mechanically robust non-isocyanate polyurethanes from resveratrol
Authors: Miao Pengcheng , Leng Xuefei , Liu Jie , Xu Xiaobo , Li Yang
Published: August 2023

The chemical recycling of bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU).
Mechanically induced chemiluminescence of xanthene-modified 1,2-dioxetane in polymers
Authors: Shen Yanbing , Yuan Yuan , Ma Xiaonan , Yang Wensheng , Chen Yulan
Published: August 2023

Xanthene-modified 1,2-dioxetane (Xa-Ad) derivatives were designed and synthesized using a facile protocol, and their mechanical activity was identified for the first time to the best of our knowledge.
Synthesis of niobium(iv) carbide nanoparticles via an alkali-molten-method at a spatially-limited surface of mesoporous carbon
Authors: Tashiro Keigo , Kobayashi Shogo , Inoue Hinako , Yanagita Akihide , Shimoda Shuhei , Satokawa Shigeo
Published: August 2023

Novel synthetic method of NbC nanoparticles was reported. The key point of the method is inhibition of capillary action due to the repulsion between hydrophobic MPC and ionic KNbO3, and reaction proceeded at spatially-limited external surface of MPC.
Reversible and irreversible stimuli-responsive chromism of a square-planar platinum(ii) salt
Authors: Li Depeng , Guan Qingqing , Hu Xiaoyun , Su Yuhong , Su Zhen
Published: August 2023

A Pt(ii) tripyridine salt is reported, which is reversible to acetonitrile and irreversible to methanol, because of the different hydrogen bonding.
An efficient method to access spiro pseudoindoxyl ketones: evaluation of indoxyl and their N-benzylated derivatives for inhibition of the activity of monoamine oxidases
Authors: Perumal Karuppaiah , Lee Jiseong , Annes Sesuraj Babiola , Ramesh Subburethinam , Rangarajan T. M. , Mathew Bijo , Kim Hoon
Published: August 2023

The new pseudo-indoxyl compounds were synthesized by a designed simple metal-free methodology, and the lead compound 11f showed potent MAO-B inhibitory activity.
Performance investigation of LiCl·H2O-γ-Al2O3 composite materials for low-grade heat storage
Authors: Li Lin , Zeng Tao , Huang Hongyu , Li Jun , Kobayshi Noriyuki , Yang Xiaohu
Published: August 2023

The addition of γ-Al2O3 accelerated the hydration rate of LiCl composites, concentrated the spectrum utilization range, and promoted the desorption rate of physical adsorbed H2O and low-frequency structural –OH in the materials.
High quantum efficiency and excellent color purity of red-emitting Eu3+-heavily doped Gd(BO2)3-Y3BO6-GdBO3 phosphors for NUV-pumped WLED applications
Authors: Tran Manh Trung , Van Quang Nguyen , Huyen Nguyen Thi , Tu Nguyen , Van Du Nguyen , Trung Do Quang , Tuan Nguyen Tri , Hung Nguyen Duy , Viet Dao Xuan , Tung Duong Thanh , Trung Kien Nguyen Duc , Hao Tam Tong Thi , Huy Pham Thanh
Published: August 2023

Eu3+-doped phosphors have been much attractive owing to their narrow-band red emission peak at 610–630 nm with high color purity; however, the weak and narrow absorption band in the NUV region limits their applications.
A novel stilbazolium derivative crystals of 4-[2-(4-dimethyl amino-phenyl)-vinyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium+ bromide− (DMSB) single crystal: exploration of the growth, molecular structure, linear optical, and third order nonlinear properties
Authors: Vinayagamoorthy Raji , Rani Muthurakku Usha , Kalainathan Sivaperuman , Anand Sekar
Published: August 2023

Development of high efficacy nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal (DMSB) by mixing a novel anion with stilbazolium cation for NLO application.
Evaluating the ability of end-point methods to predict the binding affinity tendency of protein kinase inhibitors
Authors: Bello Martiniano , Bandala Cindy
Published: August 2023

Because of the high economic cost of exploring the experimental impact of mutations in kinase proteins, computational approaches have been employed as alternative methods for evaluating the structural and energetic aspects of kinase mutations.
Understanding C–H activation in light alkanes over Cu-MOR zeolites by coupling advanced spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reduction experiments
Authors: Kvande Karoline , Garetto Beatrice , Deplano Gabriele , Signorile Matteo , Solemsli Bjørn Gading , Prodinger Sebastian , Olsbye Unni , Beato Pablo , Bordiga Silvia , Svelle Stian , Borfecchia Elisa
Published: August 2023

Temperature-programmed-reduction studies combined with advanced spectroscopy and data analysis methods shed light into the dynamic changes of Cu-speciation during light alkane selective oxidation over Cu-mordenite zeolites.
Light-initiated 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between dehydroalanines and tetrazoles: application to late-stage peptide and protein modifications
Authors: Zhang Mengqian , He Peiyang , Li Yanmei
Published: August 2023

An efficient strategy for dehydroalanine cycloaddition modification was reported, which enables rapid generation of fluorescent pyrazoline-modified peptides and proteins under mild, non-catalytic reaction conditions.
Efficient photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH3OH via porous g-C3N4 nanosheets modified with cobalt phthalocyanine in ionic liquids
Authors: Li Pengyan , Lin Yuhang , Qi Zhenhong , Yan Dongpeng
Published: August 2023

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction into fuels is desirable; however, realizing efficient CnH2n+1OH (n = 1, 2) synthesis that involves multielectron-coupled proton transfer alongside C–C bond formation remains a challenge.
Towards sustainable electrochemical ammonia synthesis
Authors: Li Ruonan , Ma Wei , Liu Yujie , Zhang Lili , Zhou Zhen
Published: August 2023

This perspective proposes feasible strategies to enhance the energy efficiency of electrochemical ammonia synthesis through electrocatalyst design and device optimization. Also, the challenges and prospects are evaluated for future development.
Temperature induced structural and polarization features in BaFe12O19
Authors: Migas Dmitry B. , Turchenko Vitaliy A. , Rutkauskas A. V. , Trukhanov Sergey V. , Zubar Tatiana I. , Tishkevich Daria I. , Trukhanov Alex V. , Skorodumova Natalia V.
Published: August 2023

We report the observation of a peculiar polarization behavior of BaFe12O19 in electric field where the linear polarization is detected at temperatures below 150 K whereas at higher temperatures a hysteresis-like polarization response is observed.
Phase transition and rapid temperature response of lead-free perovskite Cs–Cu–I nanocrystals enabled by their size
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Yu , Yin Zhe , Wang Shuaibing , Lin Ouyang , Niu Wentao , Teng Feng , Tang Aiwei
Published: August 2023

Reducing the amount of Cs-oleate can reduce the size of Cs3Cu2I5 lead-free perovskite nanocrystals from 22 to 10 nm. The as-obtained nanocrystals show a more uniform size distribution and a more rapid response to temperature change of only 15 s.
Application of a differential technique in laser-induced fluorimetry/pulsed LED-fluorimetry: simple and reliable analysis of uranium raw materials in the nuclear fuel cycle – a mini-review
Authors: Rathore D. P. S. , Tarafder P. K. , Balaram V. , Mishra M. , Pari J. , Bhujle A. G. , Bhawalkar D. D.
Published: August 2023

Application of differential technique is based on the comparison of the fluorescence of the standard with a sample of similar but unknown concentration on the same sample weight basis, by the use of H3PO4–NH4H2PO4 as a fluorescence-enhancing reagent.
Intelligent reflecting surface‐assisted beamforming‐NOMA networks for short‐packet communications: Performance analysis and deep learning approach
Authors: Linh Nguyen Thi Yen , Son Pham Ngoc , Bao Vo Nguyen Quoc
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates intelligent reconfigurable surface‐assisted non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks for short packet communications where the source with multiple antennas utilizes beamforming technology to serve two end users including a near user and a far user. The analysis system, closed‐form expressions of the average block error rates (BLERs), latency and reliability at all users are derived under assuming perfect channel state information over quasi‐static Rayleigh fading channels. For evaluating the improvement of the network system, a deep neural network (DNN) framework is designed to predict the performance parameters in two cases: (i) BLERs prediction of the users, (ii) transmit power allocation under the constraints of BLERs at each user which satisfy the extremely high reliability requirements of uRLLCs. The extensive results demonstrate that first, the DNN‐based estimation results are more accurate than Monte‐Carlo simulation results with low execution time. Second, the allocated power for each user can be accurately predicted at the high layers. Finally, two methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the DNN model, i.e. root mean square error and mean absolute percentage error, reach low error which verify the power of the designed DNN model for future analysis.
Risk‐constrained two‐stage scheduling of a virtual energy hub integrated with intelligent parking lots in the presence of electrical and thermal energy markets and responsive loads
Authors: Norouzi Saba , Tabar Vahid Sohrabi , Ghassemzadeh Saeid , Rostami Naghi , Tohidi Sajjad
Published: August 2023

The energy hub applications have been investigated from different perspectives in recent years due to their benefits such as high flexibility and reliability. This paper proposes a two‐stage stochastic programming to enable the participation of a virtual energy hub integrated with parking lots in the electrical and thermal energy markets under the uncertainty of renewable resources, load demands and energy prices. In such modeling, the first stage optimizes the offers of the virtual hub in the day‐ahead markets before realizing uncertain parameters and the second stage minimizes the real‐time imbalanced cost and determines the operation of components considering actual data. In order to evaluate the risk of decisions, the conditional value‐at‐risk metric is utilized and the results are discussed in the risk‐neutral and risk‐averse strategies for a sample day of summer and winter. In the following, a time‐based program is implemented to indicate the influence of responsive loads and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the effectiveness of the flexible units. The simulations approve that although the risk‐averse optimization significantly decreases the profit, the initiative against fluctuations enhances. The outcomes also demonstrate the notable role of flexible units and loads for energy trading in the electrical and thermal markets.
A review on basic theory and technology of agricultural energy internet
Authors: Zhang Xiurong , Fu Xueqian , Xue Yixun , Chang Xinyue , Bai Xiang
Published: August 2023

In the context of modern agricultural production mode and domestic energy consumption, profound changes have taken place in agricultural and rural energy consumption, resulting in the demand for new technology development in various sectors of source, network, and load in rural energy systems. Agricultural energy internet (AEI) has promoted the development of renewable energy and agricultural electrification in villages. The construction of the AEI is crucial for achieving the synergistic development of agriculture, energy, and environment. The basic theory and key technologies of AEI are investigated and the prospects for the direction of agricultural energy technology are conducted. The research investigation shows that the AEI framework proposed by China Agricultural University is of great significance for realizing agricultural electrification and reducing agricultural carbon emissions. The article describes in detail the key data and characteristics of agricultural electrification loads. Digital twin technology and virtual power plant technology will be crucial to the construction of advanced AEI.
Dynamic frequency control strategy for the CSP plant in power systems with low inertia
Authors: Fang Yucheng , Du Ershun , Wang Haoyi , Wang Peng , Chen Yidan , Zhang Ning
Published: August 2023

Variable renewable energy integration poses a challenge to the secure operation of the power system, especially for frequency security. How to provide frequency response to maintain satisfactory frequency performance is still an open question. Concentrating solar power, with renewable energy characteristics and synchronous units, is a potential solution to the frequency response problem. This paper discusses how concentrating solar power plants can be employed to ensure frequency security and proposes its dynamic frequency control strategy accordingly. The proposed strategy is contained in a novel unit commitment model with a primary frequency response and a secondary frequency response to co‐optimize the energy reserve. The validity of the unit commitment model and proposed control strategy is verified by two case studies including a modified 6‐bus and RTS‐79 system.
A novel FFA‐GWO‐based optimization paradigm for solving a dynamic economic emission dispatch in power plants
Authors: Mughal Raheel Chan Zab , Nawaz Usman , Ahmed Saghir , Mumtaz Sidra , Waseem Muhammad , Saleh Ahmed Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Thermal power plants are the primary components of the electrical energy production industry. These plants come with certain challenges such as the production of harmful gases causing environmental pollution. This adds to global warming issues that are dangerous for the earth's ecosystem. Another crucial aim is the least cost operation of these power plants. Combining both of these results in the formulation of the Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch (DEED). This is a multi‐objective, constrained, dynamic, complex, and non‐linear optimization problem. Traditional methods are insufficient to undertake the complexities of DEED due to challenges such as high computational requirements and local optimal solutions. Hence, for obtaining an optimal or near‐optimal solution to such a complex problem, a metaheuristic technique is greatly needed. Metaheuristic techniques offer several benefits to solving complex problems such as being robust, efficient, and overall, less affected by an increase in problem size. In this work, a novel hybrid Firefly Optimization Algorithm (FFA)—Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (GWO) has been proposed to solve the DEED problem. The complexity of the DEED problem is undertaken by involving constraints like power limits, power balance, and transmission losses. FFA‐GWO was applied on 5, 10, and 15‐unit standard test systems to meet 24‐h load demands. The optimal costs obtained in 5, 10, and 15‐unit standard test systems are 32264$, 1394212.615$, and 465373.448$ respectively. The comparison of results shows that the proposed framework surpasses the other methodologies in terms of reduced fuel cost and emissions.
Properties of electrical tree resistance of silicone‐modified epoxy resin matrix composites
Authors: Wang Yongqiang , Ma Tianyu , Zhang Fengxiao , Shang Jing
Published: August 2023

In order to improve the electrical tree resistance of epoxy resin, composites were prepared using dihydroxydiphenylsilane and a novel silicone modifier modified epoxy resin and micron silica, and the composites were subjected to accelerated thermal aging test and electrical tree test and recorded the growth process of electrical trees to further obtain the characteristic parameters of electrical trees in the experimental samples. The results show that the silicone‐modified epoxy resin/silica composite has better thermal stability and electrical tree resistance than the unmodified epoxy resin/silica composite and pure epoxy resin. Analysis of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and breakdown field strength results show that the introduction of the modifier enhanced interfacial properties between the epoxy resin and silica. At the end of the electrical tree test, the length of the electrical tree in the silicone‐modified epoxy resin/silica composite was at a minimum 25.31% of the length of the electrical tree in the unmodified epoxy resin/silica composite with the same silica filling ratio, and 9.19% of the length of the electrical tree in the pure epoxy, while the electrical trees in the silicone‐modified epoxy resin/silica composite have lower expansion factors, as well as higher fractal dimensions, compared to those in the resin without added silica.
The EDIBLES survey
Authors: Farhang Amin , Smoker Jonathan , Cox Nick L. J. , Cami Jan , Linnartz Harold , van Loon Jacco Th. , Cordiner Martin A. , Sarre Peter J. , Khosroshahi Habib G. , Ehrenfreund Pascale , Foing Bernard H. , Kaper Lex , Laverick Mike
Published: August 2023

Context. Interstellar absorption observed toward stellar targets changes slowly over long timescales, mainly due to the proper motion of the background target relative to the intervening clouds, such that over time, different parts of the intervening cloud are probed. On longer timescales, the slowly changing physical and chemical conditions in the cloud can also cause variation. Detecting such time variations thus provides an opportunity to study cloud structure.

Aims. We searched for systematic variations in the absorption profiles of the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) and interstellar atomic and molecular lines by comparing the high-quality data set from the recent ESO diffuse interstellar bands large exploration survey (EDIBLES) to older archival observations, bridging typical timescales of ~10 yr with a maximum timescale of 22 yr.

Methods. For 64 EDIBLES targets, we found adequate archival observations. We selected 31 strong DIBs, seven atomic lines, and five molecular lines to focus our search on. We carefully considered various systematic effects and used a robust Bayesian quantitative test to establish which of these absorption features could display significant variations.

Results. While systematic effects greatly complicate our search, we find evidence for variations in the profiles of the λλ4727 and 5780 DIBs in a few sightlines. Toward HD 167264, we find a new Ca I cloud component that appears and becomes stronger after 2008. The same sightline furthermore displays marginal, but systematic changes in the column densities of the atomic lines originating from the main cloud component in the sightline. Similar variations are seen toward HD 147933.

Conclusions. Our high-quality spectroscopic observations in combination with archival data show that it is possible to probe interstellar time variations on time scales of typically a decade. Despite the fact that systematic uncertainties as well as the generally somewhat lower quality of older data complicate matters, we can conclude that time variations can be made visible, both in atomic lines and DIB profiles for a few targets, but that generally, these features are stable along many lines of sight. We present this study as an archival baseline for future comparisons, bridging longer periods.