bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the detection results of pulmonary nodules before and after the novel coronavirus epidemic——A multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: he zemin , keting liu , Qiang Wei , Qingwei Shen
Published: April 2024

Objective:To analyse the screening results of pulmonary nodules before and after the COVID-19 epidemic to understand the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic on the detection rate of pulmonary nodules and the detection rate of malignant pulmonary nodules.Methods:A total of 18,906 cases of chest CT were completed from March to November 2022 and March to November 2023. In March-December 2022 was divided into pre-epidemic group, and subjects from March-December 2023 were divided into post-epidemic group. the detection rate of pulmonary nodules, suspected lung cancer and lung cancer nodules, different age group, sex group were analyzed.Results:A total of 11513 pulmonary nodules were detected in this screening. A total of 841 suspected lung cancer nodules were detected, The detection rate of solid nodules in the post-epidemic group was significantly higher than that in the pre-epidemic group . The detection rate of fibrosis changes in the post-epidemic group was significantly higher than that in the pre-epidemic group . The detection rate of pulmonary nodules after prevalence was significantly higher in 51 to 60 years and older than 61 years than in the pre-epidemic group, and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:The detection rate of pulmonary nodules increased after the prevalence of COVID-19, mainly dominated by the increase of solid pulmonary nodules.The increased detection rate of pulmonary nodules is concentrated in the medical subjects aged over 51 years, and the COVID-19 epidemic does not increase the detection rate of suspected lung cancer nodules.
Importance Estimate of Features via analysis of their Weight and Gradient profile
Authors: Chan Ho Tung Jeremy , Veas Eduardo
Published: April 2024

Understanding what is important and redundant within data can improve the modelling process of neural networks by reducing unnecessary model complexity, training time and memory storage. This information is however not always priorly available nor trivial to obtain from neural networks. There are existing feature selection methods which utilise the internal working of a neural network for selection, however further analysis and interpretation of the input features' significance is often limiting. We propose an approach that offers an extension that estimates the significance of features by analysing the gradient descent of a pairwise layer within a model. The changes that occur with the weights and gradients throughout training provide a profile that can be used to better understand the importance hierarchy between the features for ranking and feature selection.Additionally, this method is transferable to existing fully or partially trained models, which is beneficial for understanding existing or active models.The proposed approach is demonstrated empirically with a study which uses benchmark datasets from libraries such as MNIST and scikit-feat, as well as a simulated dataset and an applied real world dataset.This is verified with the ground truth where available, and if not, via a comparison of existing statistical based and deep learning based feature selection methods through the methodology of Reduce and Retrain.
Elucidating the effect of biocontrol agents on seed mycoflora and plant growth characteristics of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
Authors: Gujjar Twinkle , Singh Amar , Pal Joginder
Published: April 2024

The effect of different biocontrol agents viz. Trichoderma viride (TV-1), T. harzianum (TH-4), T. koningii (JMA- 11), T. harzianum (TH- 11), T. koningii (DMA- 8), Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus sp. was assessed on seed mycoflora and plant growth characteristics of soybean var. Shivalik under in vitro conditions. Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger and Colletotrichum truncatum were recorded more predominant genera in soybean seed. Among different bio control agents T. harzianum (TH-11) was found most effective against mycelial growth of A. niger, C. truncatum and A. alternata exhibited 46.16, 72.90 and 72.13 per cent mycelial inhibition, respectively. The seed treatment with T. harzianum (TH-11) also increased seed germination (85.00%), root length (10.45 cm), shoot length (3.07 cm) and seedling vigour index (1149). The outcomes of this study provide encouragement for continued research on biological control of seed borne diseases. The bioagents especially fungi and bacteria have advantage over chemical control such as self- dispersion, self- sustaining and ecofriendly.
A Short Mental Health Literacy Scale: Validation and Application in Brazil
Authors: Buta Bernardo , Couto Vilma , Tabak Benjamin , Froner Matheus
Published: April 2024

Objective: To validate a version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, and evaluate the level of mental health literacy in a sample of the Brazilian population.
Methods: We applied the Brazilian Portuguese version of the MHLS to a sample of 472 adults. We administered the questionnaire in the presence of the interviewers. We use nonparametric tests to compare literacy scores. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we tested the hypothesis of unidimensionality of the MHLS. The structure that best fit the version of the MHLS in Brazilian Portuguese was extracted through exploratory factor analysis.
Results: The results showed that the model with a single-factor structure did not present a good fit. The Brazilian Portuguese adaptation of the MHLS displayed a four-factor structure, comprising 18 items. This version demonstrated satisfactory factor loadings and high levels of reliability. These characteristics suggest that the tool maintains internal consistency and reliability, and can be used to assess mental health literacy effectively. The average MHLS score of the sample was 123.01. The value of the score varies depending on gender, age, education,and the type of health service used.
Conclusion: The Brazilian adaptation of the MHLS has been effective in gauging mental health literacy levels among Brazilians. Future efforts to enhance mental health literacy should focus on middleaged people with lower education levels who utilize public services.
Bibliometric and altmetric analyses of the 100 top-cited letters in Endodontics
Authors: Yılmaz Bülent , Dinçol Muzaffer Emir
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesTo analyze bibliometric and altmetric features of the 100 top-cited letters in endodontics and the relationships of these features with the number of citations.
Material and Methods Scopus and Web of Science databases were reviewed to identify the relevant letters and obtain their traditional bibliometric measures. Univariate statistical tests were used to analyze the relationships between the number of citations and various continuous (Altmetric Attention Score, captures, usage) and categorical (publication model, journal type, social media, institutional collaboration type) parameters of the letters. Poisson regression in a generalized linear model was used for multivariate analysis of the parameters found to be significant in the univariate tests.
Results The majority of the letters (n = 65) concerned clinical issues. There were 13 different types of letters, with opinion letters as the most cited and letters (n = 31) commenting on a previous document as the most frequent. Articles were the most common type of document commented on, whereas the majority of the comments were negative. The multivariate test revealed that the captures (p = 0.001) and the non-dental journal type (p = 0.001) increased the number of citations by 2.533 and 1.008 times, respectively.
Conclusions Publication in a non-dental journal increased the number of citations. Letters expressing opinions on any free topic were the most cited letter type. Captures can be used to predict future citations.
Clinical Relevance The letter is an appropriate document type for conducting a clinical discourse.
Pathways to Corporate Green Technological Innovation: An Analysis from the Perspective of Dynamic Capabilities
Authors: Du Jianhang , Ganbaatar Batkhuyag , Xiong Ni
Published: April 2024

In the context of current global climate change and sustainable development, green technological innovation has become a crucial issue. Chinese enterprises play a key role in this process, not only because China is the largest developing country in the world, but also because of its significant position in the global economy. Therefore, this study aims to explore the main pathways of green technological innovation in Chinese enterprises from the perspective of dynamic capabilities. After analyzing the impact mechanism of corporate dynamic capabilities on green technological innovation, the study finds that dynamic capabilities have a significant influence on the choice of pathways for corporate green technological innovation at different levels. Enterprises with high-level dynamic capabilities are more efficient in enhancing green technological innovation through independent R&D, while those with medium-level capabilities find cooperative R&D more efficient for enhancing green technological innovation, and enterprises with lower dynamic capabilities find technology transactions more efficient for enhancing green technological innovation. Furthermore, this study also found that environmental turbulence, as a moderating variable, significantly affects the relationship between dynamic capabilities and corporate green technological innovation. In more turbulent market environments, the dynamic capabilities of firms in promoting green technological innovation may be weakened. In light of these findings, this study proposes a series of countermeasures for businesses and governments, including strengthening the cultivation of dynamic capabilities, promoting the coordinated development of independent and collaborative R&D, improving the efficiency of technology transactions and applications, and increasing government support for green technological innovation.
Deep Sedation in Lateral Position for Preterm Infants during Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging: a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Sbaraglia Fabio , Gaudino Simona , Tiberi Eloisa , Maiellare Federica , Spinazzola Giorgia , Garra Rossella , Sala Filomena Della , Micci Daniela Maria , Russo Rosellina , Riitano Francesca , Ferrara Giuseppe , Vento Giovanni , Rossi Marco
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Respiratory adverse events are common during sedation of preterm babies, often needing an active airways support. During magnetic resonance imaging it could extend the acquisition time, with negative impact on the thermic and metabolic homeostasis. The aim of study is to verify if the lying in lateral position instead of supine could improve quality of sedation, without worsen quality of imaging
Methods. This study was performed as a single-center, prospective study at a university-affiliated tertiary care center. A consultant provided a deep sedation with sevoflurane 3-4% delivered by an external mask, in lateral lying. All patients were evaluated for incidence of apnea and desaturation, quality of imaging obtained, timing of imaging acquisition, thermic and metabolic homeostasis.
Results. We enrolled 23 consecutive preterm babies born < 37 weeks Gestational Age, candidate to sedation for an elective magnetic resonance imaging. All patients completed the radiological procedure in 30 minutes (SD ±6.39 minutes) without complications requiring exam interruption. Only one patient (4%) experienced a transient desaturation, while 2 neonates (9%) showed apnea lasting > 20 seconds. On average, there was a 1°C decrease in body temperature and full enteral feeding was resumed within 1.5 hours. Neuroradiologists rated the quality of the images obtained as high.
Conclusions. The lateral lying seems to be a viable option for sedated preterm babies during magnetic resonance imaging with a low risk of apnea and a reduced impact on thermic and metabolic homeostasis. Quality of imaging would be preserved maintaining correct scheduling of standard care.
Trends in transcranial direct current stimulation research for stroke were analyzed via bibliometric methods
Authors: Dong Boran , Gao Yuling , Zhou Jiaqi , Gong Xiaoyang , Liu Yong
Published: April 2024

Background Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally., and clinical treatment options are limited. Further research is needed to explore potential treatments, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). This novel, non-invasive technology has garnered increasing attention for its potential to improve stroke prognosis. Methods We studied "tDCS in stroke" research via bibliometric analysis, using data from Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer and Citespace were used for statistical and visualization analyses. Results Between 1999 and 2024, 1223 publications related to the topic were retrieved, with annual output growing from 1 in 1999 to 129 in 2023. The USA had the largest number of publications and made the greatest contribution to the field. (n = 352, 28.78%). The keywords of 2024 lasting represent hot topics with occurrence burst. These include "virtual reality", "systematic review", "ischemic stroke", "safety", "repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation" and "guidelines". They are likely to be frequently cited over the coming years. Conclusions Future research on tDCS, VR, and stroke can establish more standardized guidelines to enhance therapeutic and clinical applications efficacy. Researchers will continue to explore the topic of "the application of tDCS in stroke," achieving exciting results and delving deeply into current treatment bottlenecks.
Mitigation of Stimulated Raman Amplification Artifact in Transient Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Roy Nirankush , Karmakar Ayon Jyoti , Datta Prasanta Kumar
Published: April 2024

Artifacts due to nonlinear optical processes like "Cross Phase Modulation (XPM)", "Stimulated Raman Amplification (SRA)", and "Two-Photon Absorption (TPA)" etc., have a detrimental effect on Transient Absorption Spectroscopy (TAS). In this study, we investigate the transient response of distilled water to explore the nature of SRA artifacts. The supercontinuum probe, generated in a sapphire crystal pumped by 808 nm, 50 fs laser pulse, is approximated as a linearly chirped Gaussian with a chirp parameter of 36. The chirp in the probe affects the TAS data, because the different spectral components of the probe arrive at different times, even at zero delay. The process of eliminating the effect of this chirp on the TAS data is successfully implemented. The method presented here will be useful to correct the dynamics of several processes of light-matter interactions such as coherence phenomena, electron-electron scattering and electron-phonon scattering. Also, the imaginary part of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)Im) of water is extracted to be 2.088 × 10−23 m2/V 2, using the SRA artifacts.
Optimizing Feature Selection in Intrusion Detection Using Fisher Score Algorithm: An Analytical Study
Authors: Rathod Ganesh , Sabnis Vikrant , Jain Jay Kumar
Published: April 2024

Traditional intrusion detection methods often fail to meet the unique security requirements of IoT applications, raising serious security concerns due to the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) -connectivity and its extensive property, complex structure, and complexity. Machine learning algorithms for intrusion detection have emerged as a solution, offering promise in protecting these complex systems. This paper examines a comprehensive analysis of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in an IoT system. Recognizing the important role of feature extraction in IDS, this study aims to help researchers by providing insights on data set selection and confirming the effectiveness of the Fisher Score algorithm. Through a careful comparative analysis using established selection methods—Mutual Information, Chi-Square, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE)— this study seeks to help researchers choose the most appropriate feature extraction technique in intrusion detection within the IoT framework. Using logistic regression as a classification model, this study allows a thorough analysis and comparison of different selection methods. The results highlight the importance and accuracy of the Fisher Score algorithm in selecting key features for Intrusion Detection in IoT systems. It is worth mentioning, that this research is limited to a specific dataset, NBaIot, which is considered the best and most up-to-date for Intrusion Detection. The specificity observed in this study is dependent on the number of items and data sets. Although the findings may be variable, the selected sets and item sizes have informed the identification of interventions in this study that are deemed optimal.
Timing and Depth Selection for Sedated Gastroscopy After SARS-CoV-2 Infection—A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Ning , Ji Xiangyu , Wang Min , Feng Li , Sun Jian , Qi Lijie , Wang Li , Liu Yinhuan , Zhou Zangong
Published: April 2024

Background
Sedated gastroscopy is a crucial procedure for patients with upper respiratory infections. SARS-CoV-2-infected patients are more susceptible to anesthesia-related complications, such as edema, pharyngeal mucosa congestion, laryngospasm, and pulmonary infections.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed a total of 386 patients who underwent sedated gastroscopy at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University during the SARS-CoV-2 infection period. The patients were divided into three groups based on SARS-CoV-2 status: Negative (N), Two-week post-SARS-CoV-2 infection (T), and Three-week post-SARS-CoV-2 infection (Th) groups. Based on the anesthesia method, patients were divided into mild/moderate sedation and deep sedation/general anesthesia groups. Additionally, patients were categorized into groups based on COVID-19 severity and vaccination status. We recorded the laryngeal mucosal conditions, the occurrence rates of adverse reactions such as coughing, laryngospasm, and transient oxygen desaturation during the examination, as well as the satisfaction of patients and endoscopists were recorded.
Results
The T group displayed a significantly higher occurrence rate of adverse reactions when compared to the N and Th group, with decreased satisfaction levels of patients and endoscopists. In the T group, the occurrence rate of adverse reactions was higher in mild to moderate sedation than in deep sedation/general anesthesia methods, while patient and endoscopist satisfaction was lower. In the Th group, there was no statistically significant difference in the examination success rate or patient satisfaction between the mild/moderate sedation and deep sedation/general anesthesia methods; however, endoscopist satisfaction was lower with mild/moderate sedation method than deep sedation/general anesthesia method. There was a significant difference in the gastroscopy success rates of patients with different COVID-19 classifications. A significant difference was observed in the gastroscopy success rates among patients with different vaccination statuses.
Conclusions
Sedated gastroscopy post-three weeks of SARS-CoV-2 infection is safe. Moreover, using a deep sedation/general anesthesia method for sedated gastroscopy in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients within three weeks is significantly safer.
Association between total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin- globulin ratio and rheumatoid arthritis: evidence from NHANES and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Liu Ke , Zhang Le , Zhao Haoming , Tang Zuyu , Sheng Hua , Xiong Yixiao , Ou Liang , Kuang Jianjun
Published: April 2024

Background
With the increasing incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the increasing percentage of serum RF negativity, there is an urgent need for more and more accurate methods for the early diagnosis and prevention of RA, among which serum proteins are closely related to the development of RA and are expected to become new auxiliary diagnostic tools, but their relationship with RA is not clear, so this study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin ( GLB), and albumin-globulin ratio (A/G) on the causal relationship of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods
In this study, the relationship between TP, ALB, GLB, A/G and rheumatoid arthritis was comprehensively evaluated by generalized linear modeling and smoothed curve fitting through the data of serum proteins and RA in the NHANES(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) database; moreover, for the positive results with significant associations, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method in Mendelian Randomization (MR) was used in conjunction with the other four methods to further validate and clarify the causative relationship, and finally, the results were subjected to the inspection of heterogeneity and horizontal polytomousness in order to assess whether the results were robust.
Results
In the observational study, after correction for confounders, TP, GLB, and A/G were not significantly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, whereas ALB was significantly negatively associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 0.662, [95%CI = 0.507–0.864], P = 0.003), and subgroup analyses showed significant negative associations in both males and females (male : OR = 0.674, [95%CI = 0.458–0.991], P = 0.047; females: OR = 0.661, [95%CI = 0.437–0.999], P = 0.049). In further MR analysis, IVW: ALB on RA, OR = 0.70 [95%0.52–0.93], P = 0.013; RA on ALB, OR = 0.95 [95%CI = 0.93–0.98], P < 0.001.The results of the MR analyses remained consistent with NHANES.
Conclusion
There is a significant relationship between ALB and RA, and the reduction of ALB may be one of the risk factors for RA, as well as one of the outcomes in the development of RA.
Tet1-mediated 5hmC regulates hippocampal neuroinflammation via wnt signaling as a novel mechanism in obstructive sleep apnoea leads to cognitive deficit
Authors: kong yaru , Ji Jie , Zhan Xiaojun , Yan Weiheng , Liu Fan , Ye Pengfei , Wang Shan , Tai Jun
Published: April 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a sleep-disordered breathing characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) that may cause cognitive dysfunction. However, the impact of IH on molecular processes involved in cognitive function remains unclear.
Methods: C57BL / 6J mice were exposed to either normoxia (control) or IH for 6 weeks. DNA hydroxymethylation was quantified by hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation (hMeDIP) sequencing. ten-eleven translocation 1 (Tet1) was knocked down by lentivirus. Specifically, cognitive function was assessed by behavioral experiments, pathological features were assessed by HE staining, the hippocampal DNA hydroxymethylation was examined by DNA dot blot and immunohistochemical staining, while the Wnt signaling pathway and its downstream effects were studied using qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and Luminex liquid suspension chip analysis.
Results: IH mice showed pathological changes and cognitive dysfunction in the hippocampus. Compared with the control group, IH mice exhibited global DNA hydroxylmethylation in the hippocampus, and the expression of three hydroxylmethylases increased significantly. The Wnt signaling pathway was activated, and the mRNA and 5hmC levels of Wnt3a, Ccnd2, and Prickle2 were significantly up-regulated. Further caused downstream neurogenesis abnormalities and neuroinflammatory activation, manifested as increased expression of IBA1 (a marker of microglia), GFAP (a marker of astrocytes), and DCX (a marker of immature neurons), as well as a range of inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF-a, IL-3, IL-9, and IL-17A). After Tet1 knocked down, the above indicators return to normal.
Conclusion: Activation of Wnt signaling pathway by hippocampal Tet1 is associated with cognitive dysfunction induced by IH.
A novel effective chain encryption approach based on deep learning for IoT-based low-power wide area networks
Authors: Dehghani Abbas , Fadaei Sadegh , Das Resul
Published: April 2024

Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) represent a category of wireless technologies hailed for their efficiency in facilitating communication for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This efficacy is attributed to their characteristics of low power consumption, extensive wireless transmission range, and cost-effectiveness. Despite these notable advantages, LPWANs exhibit drawbacks such as limited processing power, modest transmission rates, and notably constrained payload sizes, posing challenges for encryption techniques. The inadequacy of existing cipher-chaining encryption methods for LPWANs is underscored by their dependency on high computing power and payload capacity. To address this issue, this paper introduces an innovative chaining encryption approach tailored for LPWAN IoT technology. The proposed method incorporates a key synchronization mechanism based on deep learning algorithms. The effectiveness of this approach has been rigorously assessed through case studies and experiments. Results from the experiments reveal a commendable performance of the proposed approach, achieving an average accuracy of 99% in key resynchronization following message loss. These outcomes establish the proposed method as a highly competitive solution within the realm of encryption approaches for LPWANs.
Role of CD25 on resting Treg immune cell in Mediating the Effect of stearate biosynthesis microbiome pathway on lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Lishi , Li Lei , Liu Jiawen , Tan Siyu , Hu Qingxun , Wang Jianxiong , Sun Fuhua
Published: April 2024

Background
Gut microbiota (GM) often influences the development of diseases by regulating the immune system. The causal relationship between GM and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and whether it can be mediated by immune cells remains unclear.
Methods
We conducted two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. The data of GM, LUAD and immune cells for analysis were derived from publicly available genetic data. The causal relationship between GM and LUAD, as well as the mediation effect of immune cells in the association between GM and LUAD were estimated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger and weighted median. Sensitivity analyses were implemented with Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO.
Results
MR analyses determined the protective effects of PWY-5989 (stearate biosynthesis II bacteria and plants) on LUAD. In addition, CD25 on resting Treg was negatively correlated with LUAD. Of note, the mediation MR illustrated that in the presence of CD25 on resting Treg, PWY-5989 can promote the risk of LUAD by inhibiting the expression of CD25 on resting Treg.
Conclusion
The study suggested a causal relationship between PWY-5989 and LUAD, which may be mediated by CD25 on resting Treg.
Rice straw biochar mitigates metal stress in maize and assists in the phytoattenuation of a slag-contaminated soil
Authors: Veloso Venâncio Lima , Silva Fernando Bruno Vieira , Araújo Paula Renata Muniz , Paraizo Taciana Silva , Souza Edivan Rodrigues , Nascimento Clístenes Williams Araújo
Published: April 2024

Soils polluted by heavy metals soils pose a high risk to human health and must be remediated. Applying biochar to such soils can reduce metal bioavailability and phytotoxicity, improving phytoremediation techniques. This work aimed to assess the effects of rice straw biochar (RSB) on mitigating metal stress and accumulation of Si, Cd, Pb, and Zn in maize plants grown in soil contaminated by metallurgy slag. The soil in pots was amended with RSB rates equivalent to 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 t ha-1 and grown with maize for 45 days. Chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment contents, and gas exchange parameters were evaluated as metal toxicity indicators. The RSB rates significantly increased Si uptake while reducing Cd, Pb, and Zn accumulation in maize shoots. The addition of 30.0 t ha-1 RSB promoted 18, 34, and 37% reductions for Zn, Cd, and Pb in the plants. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration, and stomatal conductance increased by 68%, 67%, and 55%, while chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid contents increased by 77%, 57%, and 42%, correspondingly. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements showed a linear and positive relationship between photosystem II energy consumption efficiency (Fv/Fm) and RSB rates. Applying RSB associated with maize cultivation can assist in the phytoattenuation of Cd, Pb, and Zn contamination in soils since RSB increases biomass and the plant's tolerance to metal stress.
Early expression of monomeric and oligomeric alpha-synuclein and tyrosine hydroxylase following intranigral injection of lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Lomeli-Lepe Alma Karen , López-Pérez Silvia Josefina , Castañeda-Cabral José Luis , Ureña-Guerrero Mónica E.
Published: April 2024

Background The insoluble tangles of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein in the nigrostriatal circuit, characteristic of synucleinopathy, originate from low molecular weight oligomers, whose appearance and dissemination are related to neuroinflammation. These oligomeric forms of α-syn are considered highly cytotoxic but transient, so knowing the timing in which they appear remains a challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the abundance of oligomeric forms of α-syn and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) between 1 and 7 days after inducing neuroinflammation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods and Results LPS (2.5 µg/2.5 µL) was stereotaxically injected in the SN of adult male Wistar rats, which were sacrificed 3, 5 and 7 days after this intervention. The brains were processed for semi quantitative Western blot, along with brains from control and sham animals. Our results show an increased expression of α-syn monomer (15 kDa) only 3 days after LPS infusion, and the formation of 50 KDa and 60 kDa α-syn oligomers in the SN and STR between 3 and 7 days after LPS infusion. Furthermore, the presence of these oligomers was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of nigral TH.Conclusion These findings highlight the rapidity with which potentially toxic forms of α-syn appear in the nigrostriatal circuit after a neuroinflammatory challenge, in addition to allowing us to identify specific oligomers and a temporal relation with neurodegeneration of TH-positive cells. Knowledge of the timing and location in which these small oligomers appear is essential to developing therapeutic strategies to prevent its formation.
New Trichoderma Asperellum Multirecycled Biologic for Spring Soft Wheat Rhizosphere: Protecting From Diseases and Increasing Soil Suppressiveness in West Siberia Conditions
Authors: Titova Julia
Published: April 2024

Contemporary polyfunctional biologics using contributes to the soil suppressiveness increasing, improves the agroecosystems phytosanitary conditions and yields increases. The research goal was to biologically justify the new multirecycled biologic’s prototype based on Trichoderma asperellum T-36 in protecting spring soft wheat from diseases and increasing soil suppressiveness in West Siberia. The tasks were solved on the new multirecycled substrate-associated granular polyfunctional biologic (MSAPB, G) prototype developing; 2 years field trials data evaluating and statistically processing on phytoregulatory activity and field efficacy of prototype in spring soft wheat cultivation; total and induced soil suppressive activity estimating on natural and artificial infection backgrounds with T. asperellum T-36 involving. In 2 series field trials the prototype demonstrated phytoregulatory activity: biometric indices of wheat plants development under its influence reliably (p ≤ 0.05) 1.4 times exceeded the control ones. Biological efficacy against soil pathogens was 33–56, 41–59 %; in the development of leaf-stem infections 25–50, 30–98 % for template reference – Sternyphage, WP (wettable powder) and for MSAPB, G prototype respectively. From tube emergence to milk ripeness, the highest soil activity in rhizosphere under the prototype influence was reliably (p ≤ 0.01) 2 times higher than the control one. High total soil suppressiveness, as well as forming and strengthening of induced suppressiveness by protective biologics application in all phases of wheat plants development were shown. Successions were revealed in wheat holobiont development from 0 day up to vegetation end, caused by the absence of significant similarity in rhizosphere microbiota complexes in dynamics.
Psychosocial Predictors of Sleep Disturbances during COVID-19: differential contributions of demographic, psychological, pandemic-related factors to sleep health.
Authors: Varela Vasiliki , Giogkaraki Erasmia , Vlastos Dimitrios , Alzueta Elisabet , Perrin Paul B , Ramos-Usuga Daniela , Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos , Liozidou Athanasia
Published: April 2024

Aim: Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020, the disease escalated into a global pandemic forcing governments around the world to impose measures that affected all aspects of life. Among other countries, Greece adopted social restriction, lockdowns, and quarantines to reduce transmission from person to person.
Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of those measures on sleep health in a Greek adult sample. An online questionnaire collected data during from 650 participant.
Results: 60% of responders scored below the clinical cut-off on the RU-SATED, indicating they experienced poor sleep health. Better sleep health was reported with increased age and years of education. On the other hand, higher trauma-related distress, depression, anxiety and stress symptomatology were related to poorer sleep health. No gender differences were observed, and degree of compliance to pandemic restrictions did not influence sleep health. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated difficulty in securing enough/healthy food, testing positive for COVID-19, experiencing an increase in verbal arguments/conflicts at home and an increase in responsibilities were the strongest predictors of poor sleep heath.
Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of maintaining good sleep health as a pillar of general physical and mental health.
Shell and Shadow: Navigate the Hidden Tax in Indonesia and Germany
Authors: Shalshabilla Azahra
Published: April 2024

Reduced tax revenues, distortion of competition, reduced investment, reduced economic growth, and social inequality are serious impacts of the existence of the shadow economy. The existence of shell companies and the shadow economy form a causal relationship. Indications that shell companies are facilitators of shadow economy activities as well as tax avoidance tools become a crucial discussion to find out what should be improved in the context of transparency and supervision. This article aims to establish a view on the existence of shell companies under both Indonesian and German law. This article will explore the definition of shell companies and the implications of different interpretations of shell companies for the formulation of regulations on the shadow economy in Indonesia and Germany and will present an analysis of the existence of shell companies as a form of shadow economy activity that has a negative impact on the country's economy. This issue is the basis for introducing aspects of the strength of tax law in Germany to Indonesia.
Enhancing pollutant removal efficiency in urban domestic wastewater treatment through the hybrid multi-soil-layering (MSL) system: A case study in Morocco
Authors: Kammoun Aya , Ouazzani Naaila , El Fels Abdelhafid El Alaoui , Hejjaj Abdessamad , Mandi Laila
Published: April 2024

This paper evaluates the performance and potential of a full-scale hybrid multi-soil-layering (MSL) system for the treatment of domestic wastewater for landscape irrigation reuse. The system integrates a solar septic tank and sequential vertical flow MSL and horizontal flow MSL components with alternating layers of gravel and soil-based material. It operates at a hydraulic loading rate of 250 L/m2/day. Results show significant removal of pollutants and pathogens, including total suspended solids (TSS) (97%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (88.57%), total phosphorus (TP) (79.93%), and total nitrogen (TN) (88.49%), along with significant reductions in fecal bacteria indicators (4.21 log for fecal coliforms and 3.90 log for fecal streptococci) and the pathogen Staphylococcus sp. (2.43 log). The principal component analysis confirms the effectiveness of the system in reducing the concentrations of NH4, COD, TP, PO4, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and fecal staphylococci, thus supporting the reliability of the study. This work highlights the promising potential of the hybrid MSL technology for the treatment of domestic wastewater, especially in arid regions such as North Africa and the Middle East, to support efforts to protect the environment and facilitate the reuse of wastewater for landscape irrigation and agriculture.
Bydgoszcz w "Pro memoria" kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego
Authors: Czyżewski Bogdan
Published: April 2024

Prymas Stefan Wyszyński przez blisko 32 lata prowadził osobisty dziennik zwany Pro me- moria. Należąca wówczas do archidiecezji gnieźnieńskiej Bydgoszcz była największym jej miastem. W artykule podjęto się analizy wspomnianych notatek, w których prymas opisuje swoje wizyty w Bydgoszczy. Mamy do czynienia z różnego rodzaju relacjami z wizytacji, bierzmowań, uroczystości, spotkań z duchownymi i świeckimi, w których brał udział Stefan Wyszyński. Ze względu na ilość materiału źródłowego oraz powtarzanie niektórych informacji bądź też bardzo skrótowe zapisy, podzielono je na trzy grupy tematyczne. Pierwsza odnosi się do wizyty prymasa w Bydgoszczy w drodze na ingres do Gniezna. Druga grupa zapisków, tych jest najwięcej, dotyczy szeroko rozumianej posługi duszpasterskiej w Bydgoszczy. Trzecia wreszcie to skrzętnie robione notatki mówiące o powstawaniu ośrodków duszpasterskich i budowie bydgoskich kościołów.
Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo móvel à luz da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva – CIPESC®
Authors: Luna Neto Raimundo Tavares de , Nascimento David Ederson Moreira do , Souza Kaio Flávio Freitas de , Costa Hysadora Karolinne da Silva , Araújo Adriano da Silva , Costa Rosa Maria Esteves Moreira da , Santos Zélia Maria de Sousa Araújo , Werneck Vera Maria Benjamim
Published: April 2024

Na busca de consolidar a enfermagem como ciência se faz necessário a utilização de instrumentos científicos que tenham como objetivo proporcionar uma linguagem padronizada e oferecer suporte nas Teorias de Enfermagem. Objetivou-se construir um aplicativo móvel para utilização da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva (CIPESC®). Para o desenvolvimento do produto, o software foi intitulado de CIPESC® Fácil, onde se adotou a metodologia de construção de ambientes virtuais, proposta por Mendoza e Galvis, as quais etapas se constituíram na Análise e desenho do CIPESC® Fácil; Modelagem do CIPESC® Fácil; e Prototipação do CIPESC® Fácil. O software desenvolvido neste estudo, denominado CIPESC® Fácil, se trata de uma tecnologia que visa facilitar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, tanto para os profissionais da saúde como também para os estudantes de enfermagem no que se refere à utilização da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem em saúde Coletiva. O produto possibilita que estudantes e/ou profissionais enfermeiros tenham embasamento teórico sobre a CIPESC® e assim apliquem esses conhecimentos com maior autonomia e segurança na sua realidade assistencial e clínica.
Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem; Processo de Enfermagem; Terminologia padronizada em Enfermagem; Tecnologia Biomédica.
Dor total nos pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos: Percepção fenomenológica dos residentes de enfermagem
Authors: Pereira Regina Alves , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade , Pereira Eliane Ramos , Siqueira Alex de Azeredo , Frederico Conceição Grazielle Teixeira , Carneiro Eliane  Cristina da Silva Pinto
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender a percepção fenomenológica dos residentes de enfermagem sobre a dor total na atenção paliativa oncológica, sob a ótica de Merleau-Ponty. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória com abordagem qualitativa na percepção fenomenológica de Merleau-Ponty, realizada no setor de internação de uma Unidade Hospitalar de Cuidados Paliativos, pertencente a um Centro de Referência de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia do Ministério da Saúde, localizado no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e fenomenológica, no período de agosto a novembro de 2022. A amostra, composta por 20 residentes, foi por conveniência e realizada pelos critérios de saturação e redundância dos dados. As informações foram organizadas e analisadas seguindo o rigor metodológico de Amedeo Giorgi. Após a análise ancorada no referencial metodológico de Amedeo Giorge, emergiram quatro categorias, sendo uma delas: “Percebendo o significado e o sentido da vida ao analisar a Dor Total”, tendo como subcategorias: A percepção do sentido da vida ao trabalhar/lidar com a dor do ser e Influição da ausência do saber/compreensão sobre a Dor Total.  Assim, a pesquisa mostrou as dificuldades encontradas pelos profissionais em formação dentro de uma unidade de cuidados paliativos, no que se refere a dor total. Faz-se necessário na rotina desses profissionais, desenvolver estratégias para ampliar saberes, com a finalidade de contribuir na formação e conhecimento constante dos membros da equipe de enfermagem.
Palavras-Chave: Cuidados Paliativos; Dor Intratável; Capacitação de Recursos Humanos em Saúde; Oncologia.
Ácido fólico no tratamento adjuvante de transtornos psiquiátricos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Sulzbach Damázio Louyse , Mandelli Michael
Published: April 2024

Transtornos psiquiátricos são caracterizados por uma combinação de pensamentos, percepções, emoções e comportamento anormais, que também podem afetar as relações com outras pessoas.: Evidenciar através de uma revisão integrativa os resultados  clínicos da suplementação de ácido fólico no tratamento de transtornos psiquiátricos. A terapia e o tratamento psiquiátrico são processos terapêuticos diferentes, mas que podem se complementar, devido à atenção especializada nos aspectos da mente e das emoções de um indivíduo. Com base nisso, este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do tratamento de ácido fólico no tratamento de transtornos psiquiátricos. Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no período de setembro a outubro de 2023 nas bases de dados Pubmed, Lilacs, Medline e Scielo. Foi realizada uma busca pelos descritores em saúde determinados e foram selecionadas 10 produções científicas que atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados demonstrar que, apesar de alguns estudos apresentarem melhoras significativas, sugere-se mais estudos para que seja possível elucidar os efeitos benéficos, ou não, da suplementação de ácido fólico, para que assim possa ser utilizado como uma forma de terapia auxiliar para os transtornos psiquiátricos.
Plasma/Serum Proteomics based on Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhu Yiying
Published: April 2024

Human blood is a window of physiology and disease. Examination of biomarkers in
blood is a common clinical procedure, which can be informative in diagnosis and prognosis of
diseases, and in evaluating treatment effectiveness. There is still a huge demand on new blood
biomarkers and assays for precision medicine nowadays, therefore plasma/serum proteomics has
attracted increasing attention in recent years. How to effectively proceed with the biomarker
discovery and clinical diagnostic assay development is a question raised to researchers who are
interested in this area. In this review, we comprehensively introduce the background and
advancement of technologies for blood proteomics, with a focus on mass spectrometry (MS).
Analyzing existing blood biomarkers and newly-built diagnostic assays based on MS can shed light
on developing new biomarkers and analytical methods. We summarize various protein analytes in
plasma/serum which include total proteome, protein post-translational modifications, and
extracellular vesicles, focusing on their corresponding sample preparation methods for MS analysis.
We propose screening multiple protein analytes in the same set of blood samples in order to increase
success rate for biomarker discovery. We also review the trends of MS techniques for blood tests
including sample preparation automation, and further provide our perspectives on their future
directions.
The Postoperative Effects of Anesthesia Exposure on Cognitive Decline in
Older Adults: A Narrative Review
Authors: Willoughby-Dudley Kathleen Angela , Darwin Marielle L. , Davalos Deana B.
Published: April 2024

Background::

As modern medicine continues to make strides in effective surgical treatments,
we must also consider the critical impact of anesthesia on neuropsychological outcomes.
Recent evidence suggests that anesthesia exposure may be a risk factor for postoperative cognitive
decline and the eventual development of dementia.

Objectives::

To explore the vulnerability of the aging brain in the context of anesthesia exposure in
surgery, studies will be reviewed, and pertinent findings will be highlighted and explored to better
understand risks and possible factors that need to be considered when contemplating surgery.
Methods: A narrative review was conducted using a combination of MEDLINE and APA PsycINFO
databases to shed light on themes across studies assessing general trends regarding the influence
of anesthesia on postoperative cognitive decline.

Results::

A search of relevant literature identified 388 articles. Excluding results outside the parameters
of this study, the review includes quality assessments for 24 articles.

Conclusion::

While findings are inconclusive, suggestions for further investigation into the relationship
between anesthesia exposure and increased risk for postoperative cognitive decline are
discussed, in addition to factors that may allow for greater informed disclosure of potential risks
of anesthesia in older adults.
Hormonal Imbalance in Obesity and Arthritis: Points of Contact
Authors: Vijayan Sukanya , Margesan Thirumal
Published: April 2024

Obesity is a growing global health crisis intricately connected to various chronic conditions,
including arthritis. This paper explores the intricate web of hormonal changes in the context
of obesity and their profound influence on the development and progression of arthritis. Hormones,
such as leptin, insulin, cortisol, and estrogen, all altered in obesity, play pivotal roles in inflammation,
cartilage degradation, mechanical stress, and pain associated with obesity-related
arthritis. Additionally, the mechanical stress placed on weight-bearing joints by excess body
weight accelerates joint wear and tear, contributing to arthritis. Genetic factors, shared biomarkers,
and pathways further link these conditions. Recognizing these connections is vital for healthcare
professionals and individuals facing the challenges of obesity and arthritis, offering insights
into strategies for prevention, management, and intervention. This comprehensive understanding
of the complex interplay between hormonal changes, obesity, and arthritis sheds light on multifaceted
mechanisms underlying this intricate relationship.