bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of a flexible ferroelectric tunnel junction
Authors: Li Ruonan , Xu Yeming , Song Jiamei , Wang Peng , Li Chen , Wu Di
Published: June 2020

In this work, we propose a flexible ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) with a nanometer-thick single-crystalline BaTiO3 barrier prepared by exfoliating and transferring epitaxial BaTiO3 thin films onto flexible poly(styrenesulfonate)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT:PSS) conductive electrodes using a water-soluble Sr3Al2O6 sacrificial layer. The transferred freestanding BaTiO3 films remain single crystalline and exhibit clear ferroelectric hysteresis, no matter being flat or bent. A combined piezoelectric force microscopy and conductive atomic force microscopy measurement reveals that the Pt/BaTiO3/PEDOT:PSS FTJ shows a clear polarization direction modulated tunneling resistance. By using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the polarization direction-dependent electrostatic potential profile of this flexible FTJ has been reconstructed, consistent with the observed resistance modulation.
Electronic structure of the clean interface between single crystal CH3NH3PbI3 and an organic hole transporting material spiro-OMeTAD
Authors: Iwashita Masaki , Yamanaka Soichiro , Tsuruta Ryohei , Tonami Ko , Yoshida Koki , Hayakawa Kei , Cojocaru Ludmila , Uchida Satoshi , Mase Kazuhiko , Nakayama Yasuo
Published: June 2020

Methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) is a fundamental material used for prototypical perovskite solar cells. The electronic properties of the interface between CH3NH3PbI3 and hole transporting materials play a crucial role in the efficient performance of these solar cells. However, the intrinsic characteristics of the interfaces where these materials directly come into contact with each other have not yet been defined since previous studies were performed using polycrystalline thin films of CH3NH3PbI3, which were confirmed to contain a considerable amount of impurities. In this study, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy were conducted to determine the interfacial electronic structure between CH3NH3PbI3 and 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) on the clean interface formed on the impurity-free single crystal surface of CH3NH3PbI3. Spontaneous hole injection from CH3NH3PbI3 to spiro-OMeTAD occurred at the direct contact sites between these materials, a phenomenon that was confirmed to be hindered by the presence of impurities at the interface.
Active and repressed biosynthetic gene clusters have spatially distinct chromosome states
Authors: Nützmann Hans-Wilhelm , Doerr Daniel , Ramírez-Colmenero América , Sotelo-Fonseca Jesús Emiliano , Wegel Eva , Di Stefano Marco , Wingett Steven W. , Fraser Peter , Hurst Laurence , Fernandez-Valverde Selene L. , Osbourn Anne
Published: June 2020

While colocalization within a bacterial operon enables coexpression of the constituent genes, the mechanistic logic of clustering of nonhomologous monocistronic genes in eukaryotes is not immediately obvious. Biosynthetic gene clusters that encode pathways for specialized metabolites are an exception to the classical eukaryote rule of random gene location and provide paradigmatic exemplars with which to understand eukaryotic cluster dynamics and regulation. Here, using 3C, Hi-C, and Capture Hi-C (CHi-C) organ-specific chromosome conformation capture techniques along with high-resolution microscopy, we investigate how chromosome topology relates to transcriptional activity of clustered biosynthetic pathway genes in
Arabidopsis thaliana
. Our analyses reveal that biosynthetic gene clusters are embedded in local hot spots of 3D contacts that segregate cluster regions from the surrounding chromosome environment. The spatial conformation of these cluster-associated domains differs between transcriptionally active and silenced clusters. We further show that silenced clusters associate with heterochromatic chromosomal domains toward the periphery of the nucleus, while transcriptionally active clusters relocate away from the nuclear periphery. Examination of chromosome structure at unrelated clusters in maize, rice, and tomato indicates that integration of clustered pathway genes into distinct topological domains is a common feature in plant genomes. Our results shed light on the potential mechanisms that constrain coexpression within clusters of nonhomologous eukaryotic genes and suggest that gene clustering in the one-dimensional chromosome is accompanied by compartmentalization of the 3D chromosome.
American English gotten
Authors: Anderwald Lieselotte
Published: June 2020

I trace the history of the American English (AmE) past participle gotten, widely (but wrongly) regarded as a historical retention of an earlier BrE form. As corpus data shows, gotten almost died out in American English as well, but was then revived. Although get is found mainly in speech-related text types, the revival of gotten is not an innovation from below – contrary to linguistic intuition. Instead, its rise was promoted by careful writers who deliberately avoided the highly stigmatized stative have got. This explains why the perfect form gotten appears in more formal text types first, and how gotten became specialized to dynamic contexts only. AmE gotten is thus a curious case of an unintended side-effect of marginally successful prescriptivism.
From yes to innit
Authors: Stenström Anna-Brita
Published: June 2020

The form innit (from isn’t it) is used as a pragmatic marker in the same way as yes, yeah and okay by London teenagers. This chapter discusses how this usage has developed by comparing The Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language (COLT) with the more recent Multicultural London English Corpus (MLE). It includes a comparison with the use of the markers by adults in the spoken part of the British National Corpus (here ‘BNC Old’, for convenience),1 and the more recent BNC2014. The comparison gives an indication of how the use of the markers has developed, for instance that okay may or may not out-manoeuver yes and yeah, while innit has become an established marker.
“If anyone would have told me, I would have not believed it”
Authors: Schwarz Sarah , Smitterberg Erik
Published: June 2020

The aim of this chapter is to critically examine the accuracy of the advice on formal, written grammar offered in EFL teaching materials and other normative works. We use corpus data to investigate the use of four grammatical features often labelled as “informal” or “spoken” and find that the guidelines presented in university textbooks and other normative sources do not always match actual usage. Our findings call for a re-examination of the role of prescriptivism in teaching materials and in the language classroom, especially regarding the use of the split infinitive, like meaning ‘such as,’ and the conjunct though.
Orality on the searchable web
Authors: Biber Douglas , Egbert Jesse
Published: June 2020

As Culpeper and Kytö (2010) discuss, one challenge of historical linguistics is the extent to which written texts represent the linguistic characteristics of speech. Synchronic linguists face similar challenges, leading to the practice of using a web corpus to represent the spectrum of oral–literate registers. However, there has been little research that tests the validity of this practice. The present chapter begins by summarizing the patterns of register variation on the searchable web documented in Biber and Egbert (2018). While that study documents the importance of oral–literate linguistic dimensions, it does not investigate whether involved web registers represent the linguistic characteristics of spoken registers. We explore that research question here, comparing the multi-dimensional profiles of online registers and spoken conversation.
Cultural requirements.
Authors: Wehner Todd C. , Naegele Rachel P. , Myers James R. , Dhillon Narinder P. S. , Crosby Kevin
Published: June 2020

This chapter focuses on seed germination, land preparation, planting, thinning, spacing, mulches and plant covers, glasshouse culture, grafting, temperature, daylength and light intensity, soil, fertilizers, irrigation, support, training, pruning, and weed control in cucurbits.
Diseases and nematodes.
Authors: Wehner Todd C. , Naegele Rachel P. , Myers James R. , Dhillon Narinder P. S. , Crosby Kevin
Published: June 2020

Cucurbits suffer from many diseases that are caused by bacteria, fungi (and oomycetes), nematodes, viruses and phytoplasmas. Disease pathogens attack cucurbits at every stage of development, from damping off at the beginning of germination to postharvest fruit rots. Reliable fruit yield and quality of cucurbits is dependent on adequate pathogen control. This chapter describes bacterial and phytoplasma, fungal and oomycete, and viral diseases, as well as nematode pests, of cucurbits. Some measures to control them, including cultural, chemical and host resistance, are also discussed.
Effectiveness of SLIFA device installation for transportation sector especially on truck and bus to reduce the environmental impact in urban area of DKI Jakarta
Authors: Pranoto H , Leman A M , Feriyanto D
Published: June 2020

Based on data from the Ministry of Environment (KLH), the transportation sector is the largest source of air and greenhouse gas (GHG) pollutants in urban areas followed by other sources of fine pollutant emissions such as industry, households and commercial activities. GHG emissions from the transportation sector in the city are around 23% of total GHG emissions from all sources. The aim of this study is to reduce emissions on trucks and buses by installing the Speed Limiter and Driver Fatigue Analyzer (SLIFA). The SLIFA installed on trucks and buses that is operating in the city area. The analysis of smoke level with an exhaust emission meterfor monitoring several pollutants such as Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Monoxide (NOx), and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2). The average opacity index at truck SG 500 before is 22% and it wasreduced to 16.6% after SLIFA installation. The analysis in bus OH 1526 obtained that the average opacity index before is 25.11%, and after installation, it was reducedto20.17%, analysed with Fleet Management Toolkit (FMT) Air Pollutants, Particulate Matter PM10, 3,3 ton/yr sulphur Oxides Sox 3,8 ton/yr, Nitrogen NOx Oxides ton/yr, Carbon Monoxide CO 77 ton/yr, Volatile Organic compound VOCs 11 ton/yr. The data showed that the installation of SLIFA was effective inreducing the exhaust emission of the trucks and buses and These tools can be used to reduce the risk of cancer, bronchitis and so on.
The distribution of green open space in Jember City area based on image landsat 8 - OLI
Authors: Nurdin E A , Wijayanto Y
Published: June 2020

Green open space has an important role in the ecological balance of urban areas with a minimum area that must be approved by 30%. Jember City Region consists of Sumbersari, Kaliwates, and Patrang Sub-Districts which are designated as Regional Activity Centers with four main functions. The distribution of green open space in Jember City can be known quickly and accurately by using remote sensing imagery. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the distribution of green open space in the city of Jember specifically in the Sub-Districts of Kaliwates, Sumbersari, and Patrang whether it has met the minimum requirement of green open space construction of 30% of the total area. The analysis carried out with the help of Landsat 8-OLI imagery recording 10 June 2018. The method used is the NDVI classification. The results showed that classification of land use using vegetation index is good because it can minimize errors. The total area of determined vegetation green space based on NDVI classification is 23.70 km2 or around 24.5% of the total area.
Cultural ecology of osing in development of Kemiren Tourist Village as international tourist attraction
Authors: Sumarmi  , Bachri S , Irawan L Y , Kurniawati E
Published: June 2020

Promoting Kemiren Village, loacated in Banyuwangi, as Osing-based tourist village has become a focus of government of Banyuwangi recently. Objectives of this study are: (1) to identify cultural ecology of Osing, a culture group in Banyuwangi, (2) analyze how much potentials Osing-based tourist village has as an international tourist attraction, and (3) identify how much participation government, private institutions and public have to develop international tourist attraction in Kemiren. The research design was descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques were observation, in-depth interview and documentation. The data analysis method was interactive analysis. The findings showed that: based on its ecological condition, Kemiren village, Glagah, Banyuwangihas a lot of potentials as tourist village. It has rice fields, pristine rivers, lush vegetation, and well-organized residence. Annual carnivals and rituals attract both domestic and international visitors to Banyuwangi. Government, private institutions and public have active participation in promoting the tourist village. The government builds facilities and infrastructure in Kemiren, conducts human resource development program, and provides funding for the annual carnivals and rituals in Banyuwangi.
Analysis of financial and non-financial factors affecting bond ratings
Authors: Fadah I , Ayuningtyas A , Puspitasari N , Yuswanto I B
Published: June 2020

The decision to invest in the bond market is in high demand by investors because of their fixed income. Investment in the bond market is slower than investment in stocks. One obstacle to this slow development is that the existing bond market conditions have not been optimized by market participants and the general public’s understanding of the instruments in bonds is still limited. This research was conducted to analyze the financial factors as measured by financial ratios (profitability ratios, growth ratios, leverage ratios, and liquidity ratios) and non-financial factors were measured by the age of bonds and bond guarantees that Affect the rating of the bonds of manufacturing companies in the period 2013-2017. The uniqueness of this research is the use of a balanced variable between internal variables and external variables. Another uniqueness is that this study uses a quick ratio to measure liquidity while many other variables use the current ratio. Selection and population used in this study using all manufacturing companies see that manufacturing companies are dominant companies in Indonesia and manufacturing companies need alternative Reviews their funds for operational activities so that the issuance of bonds is quite large. The research approach used is quantitative. The population in this study was 156 companies and was taken by 13 companies to be used as samples with purposive sampling method. The method of data analysis used in this study is logistic regression. This logistic regression analysis is used to analyze the relationship between Several independent variables with the dependent variable is categorical variables roomates type. The results of this study state that profitability and liquidity variables variables have a positive effect on the bond ratings of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. While in the growth variables, the variables of leverage, the Age of bonds and bond guarantees have no effect on the bond ratings of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017.
Trade Flux’s Influence Upon Southeast Asian Economical Backwardness During 17th Century
Authors: Surya R A , Sumarno  , Nurdin E A , Islami N N , Puji R P N
Published: June 2020

Southeast Asia as a region of exotic lands located between China and India countries on Indian Oceanic passageway of which little was known. Southeast’s Asian earliest center’s of power emerged between the first and fifteenth centuries CE, as their leaders faced issues relative to rulling their domains, which were mainly moving form highly localized tribal and clan-based societies. In the predominant world, the Southeast Asian region was illustrated in international sources as wealth land. The story of economic development in early Southeast Asia begins long before the Christian Era. Southeast Asia had already been for centuries a region with unique cultural identity. Trade has been important facet for Southeast Asia, since it obtained numerous commodities as clove, sandalwood, camphor, pepper that had been traded since Rome and Han era. As time passed, many trade activities faced failures which indicated economical backwardness. This article tries to emphasize the trade flux’s impact upon Southeast Asian economical backwardness in 14th century.
Carrying capacity estimations to support tourism coastal management in Ungapan Beach Indonesia
Authors: Insani N , Ariani Y , Arachman F R , Wibowo D A
Published: June 2020

The development of tourism in Malang Regency can be seen from the increase in the number of visitors and new tourist destinations that have emerged. Especially tourist attractions that utilize coastal and marine resources on the southern coast of Malang Regency. One of them is Ungapan beach tourism area in Gedangan District. An increase in the number of tourist visits has become an advantage while providing challenges in coastal management. The purpose of this study was to determine the estimated carrying capacity of Ungapan beach tourism. The method used in this study is a descriptive- quantitate method that assesses tourism carrying capacity to support coastal management. Components that we assessed are;first, Physical carrying capacity (PCC); second, Real Carrying Capacity (RCC); and also third, Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC). Results calculation show that the study are the PCC is 12,960 tourists per/day, RCC is 1,993 people/day and the current ECC is 1,533 per/day. The Conclusion is the Ungapan Beach is good place for recreational activities but still has some aspect to improve without causing disruption to the coastal ecosystem and the comfort of the tourists themselves.
The determination of groundwater flow system using several deterministicand classical methods in Limboto-Gorontalo Lowland, Gorontalo Province
Authors: Nurfaika  , Purnama S , Hartono
Published: June 2020

The Limboto-Gorontalo lowland is the recharge area of the Gorontalo Groundwater Basin in Gorontalo Regency. There has been a considerably wide gap, with floods during rainy seasons but water crisis in dry seasons, which creates animbalanced spatial distribution of groundwater. For this reason, groundwater flow system analysisisnecessary for efficient water resource planning and management. This research was designed to compare several deterministic methods and evaluate how deterministic and classical methods could identify and map the spatial distribution of the groundwater flow system in the Limboto-Gorontalo lowland. This system was determined by monitoring and measuring 157 samples of dug wells. The obtained data were interpolated using two GIS-based deterministic methods, namely inverse distance weighted (IDW) and radial basis function (RBF), and one classical technique, i.e., manual three-point problem method (3PM). Mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) values were used to evaluate and decide the best interpolation method. After comparing MAE and RMSE values and analyzing the resulting maps, the RBF was proven to be better than the IDW method. Moreover, the maps generated by RBF and 3PM did not differ significantly. The spatial analysis results showed that the groundwater flow system in the study area originated in the hilly areas in the north and south of Lake Limboto and flew to several valleys and rivers instead of directly accumulating in this lake.
Historical and cultural constraints of Tebing Tinggi Timur Community in Meranti Riau District in land management for avoiding peat-wild fire
Authors: Perdana Putra R , Maas A , Rijanta  , Suratman
Published: June 2020

Changes in land use and forest fires covering peatland in Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Timur (T3) are the main factors that contribute to the degradation of forest peatlands. This study aims to determine the socio-cultural and economic constraints of peatland fires against the perception of local communities in T3 Meranti Regency, Riau Indonesia. The source of data obtained from this report besides coming from literature sources is dependent on the oral history of T3 residents. Because basically, with the background of the spirit of writing “critical history”, making the primary data sources used in this paper focus more on oral history. Oral history becomes important and necessary because its existence represents how the perceptions of residents see and give meaning related to the living history of the environment in which they live. Severe peat fires through historical tracking are influenced by the habit of burning fields, decreasing purchasing power, and beginning to reduce land due to population increases. The phenomenon of finding work abroad and owing to it to the “tauke” is also a finding. So that uncontrolled fires through government policies have not been able to answer the challenges and constraints of sustainable land management. But numbers of vegetation like sago are highly recommended for economic resilience to residents, to obtain restoration and revitalizing socio-economy in the region.
The development of Madrasah Science Competition Book for Integrated Geography and Economics of Islamic Subjects
Authors: Bashith A , Amin S
Published: June 2020

The development of the Madrasah Science Competition Book for Geography and Economic subject containing Islamic material is essential to do immediately. Following actions to meet the needs of the Madrasah Science Competition books were needed because student dependence on books is very high. This study aims to develop a Madrasah Science Competition Book for Geography and Economics at the Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High School) level which equipped with Islamic subject. This review uses research and development with the Dick and Carey model. The instrument uses an expert validation questionnaire (material, language, book design, learning design, and Islamic integration) and field tests. Data analysis techniques using qualitative descriptive and descriptive statistical analysis. The result that the development book has met the fit standard. That is evidenced by the results of expert validation and field trials which show that the book qualifications are quite valid and effective. The suggestions for this research, namely (1) various forms of questions integrated with Islamic subjects. (2) Field trials are carried out by taking extended samples in the territory of Indonesia. (3) Test the ability of students before and after reading the book as a result of this development in the form of experimental trials.
Strategy for increasing green economic performance of small and medium enterprises based on green business management
Authors: Putri V W , Ridloah S , Wijaya A P
Published: June 2020

Green management behavioral is quite pertinent to enhance small and medium enterprises economic green performance. Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) need to adopt environmental paradigms in order to reach the economic green performance. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between green management and competitive advantage strategies for increasing green economic performance MSMEs in Central Java Province. The population of this study was MSMEs in Central Java. This study was quantitative analysis. The analytical tool in this study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with warp PLS program applications. The results showed that MSMEs that implement green management in their business operations can improve company performance through the ability to compete with these MSMEs. MSMEs could be implementing Green management activities by producing environmentally friendly products, campaigning for environmentally friendly movements, investing capital in environmentally friendly businesses and allocating costs for waste treatment, implementing quality standards that are environmentally friendly in the production process. The better MSMEs in implementing green management, the better MSMEs in competing in the industry, which will improve the company’s green performance such as getting financial benefits from managing environmentally friendly businesses, getting bonuses in the form of prizes from private/government institutions for implementing environmentally friendly businesses, get bonuses in the form of tax rate relief from the government, get bonuses in the form of soft loans from private/government institutions as well as increased sales of MSME products due to applying environmentally friendly businesses. Thus, the application of environmentally sound business management (green business management) needs to be developed among MSMEs players. This is because MSMEs can not only increase additional income, but MSMEs can also participate in preserving the environment.
A life potrait of metal childern in Ketapang Banyuwangi Port in economic perspective and the solutions
Authors: Pinandita A S , Soepeno B , Na’im M
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to analyze the background of metal child in Ketapang ferry ports in the economic perspective, and formulate a model that can be used to cope with the presence of metal child in Ketapang ferry ports. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method, the steps include methods of determining the location of the research, methods of determining the informant, research instruments, data collection methods, methods of testing the validity of the data, and data analysis methods. The results showed that there were several factors that led to the appearance of the metal children in Ketapang port, namely 1) poverty; 2) family factors, 3) factors peers or playmates, and 4) education.
Need Assessment and Performance Analysis on Innovative, Adaptive, and Responsive Curriculum Development Geared to Life Skills
Authors: Umamah N , Marjono  , Sumardi  , Ma’rifatullah R
Published: June 2020

Need assessment and performance analysis are important components in identifying the actual issues within learning program. Need assessment is the first step upon instructional design. The research samples under investigation were 14 History teachers and 168 students from 5 public schools in Jember regencyregency. Data collection techniques operative were observation, questionnaire, and interview. The results of needs assessment conducted to teachers and students, which delved into resources component, revealed that (1) 72% of the learning resources used were textbooks and 28% worksheets, (2) 100% of students confirmed the importance of Indonesian National History, (3) 90% of the subjects operationalized LCD, laptop/computer, power point and 10% video (4) both teachers and students claimed that there were no social studies laboratory, (5) learning process included 80% cooperative learning and 20% independent learning, (6) most teachers and students employed globe and maps as teaching aid, (7) the level of pedagogical knowledge was high, (8) teachers’ skill level was also considered high, and (9) students learning motivation were at 3,5086 which was categorized as moderate. The performance analysis upon teachers informed that: (1) most schools curricula used the revised edition of the 2013 Curriculum, (2) 100% of the learning objectives were encapsulated in the new main competency, (3) 60% of the development material relied on textbooks and 40% worksheet, (4) 60% teachers engaged a wide variety of methods, namely question and answer, discussion, and 40% of the deployed discovery learning with scientific approach, (5) 80% of the learning media used were power point and 20% video, (6) 80% of learning resources used were textbooks and 20% student worksheets, and (7) 100% assessments used were written tests, multiple choices, and essay tests. This study lays the cornerstone to curriculum development which is beneficial towards History education.
Students’ journey on learning: EFL students’ communicative competences
Authors: Puspa A , Imamyartha D , Asjhari E S S , Hudori R F A
Published: June 2020

Communicative performances are highly demanded competence for language learners especially in 21st century language learning goals. Due to the globalization of English, the learners’ performances in communication becomes essentials. This current study aims to scrutinize the students’ journey on learning English in 21st century, specifically on their communication competences. A male and a female students are selected purposively because of their comprehensive progress of the journey. The data were gathered for 20 weeks, two meetings each week. In order to collect more reliable data, teachers’ diaries, class observation as well as students’ interview are deployed for narrative inquiry method. Using thematic content analysis, the results revealed that the most dominant aspect playing roles on the communicative competence owned by students after communicative performances run well. The implication of this study is the recommendation for teaching and learning process on 21st century at university level.
Engaging EFL Readers in Literature Circles to Escalate Intercultural Communicative Competence
Authors: Imamyartha D , Andayani R , A’yunin A , Puspa A , Hudori R F A , Fardhani A E , Dafik
Published: June 2020

Cultural clashes have driven the goal of language instruction toward mastering intercultural communicative competence (ICC). However, the instruction on ICC in expanded circles has not gained its traction in English instruction although its significance has been confirmed by teachers in teaching and testing context. This work study investigated Indonesian student-teachers’ cultural viewpoints as they encounter the notion of ‘otherness’ in intercultural circles. Thirty-five first-semester students partook in literature circles, embedded with culturally-laden readings, during 3 weeks of an Intensive Reading course. The study evinced that intercultural circles had significantly improved the students’ ICC, with Intercultural knowledge found dominant in determining the overall ICC. The students voiced positive attitude on the power of intercultural circles to encourage them to be open-minded and tolerant to cultural differences.
The effect of parenting patterns and learning motivation towards citizenship lesson (PPKn) learning outcomes 11th grade SMA Negeri 3 Lumajang, second term academic year of 2017-2018
Authors: Sulistiyowati  , Na’im M , Sumardi
Published: June 2020

Education plays significant part in many ways of living. It brightens world and forming civilization. Nowadays, along with globalization steam, citizenship lesson in term of PPKn (Pendidikan Kewarnegaraan) is a compulsory subject to be studied in all level. Hence, according to many research, students learning outcomes were insufficient. This study was conducted to analyze the presence or absence of significant influence on activeness in scout exttraculicular activities and student learning interest in learning outcomes of historical subjects in SMAN 3 Lumajang. The research design was exposto facto and correlational. To determine the sample using proportional random sampling, as many as 65 respondents. Data collection methods used were questionnaires and tests. Data were analyzed by correlation and regression. The results of the study showed that: 1) there was an effect of the parenting pattern on learning outcomes in historical subjects because of the significance value of 0,000 with a contribution of 20.6% and 2) there is a significant effect of interest in learning on learning outcomes of historical subjects of 0,000, and a contribution of 20.8%.
Assessment of land use change in Bedadung Jember watershed using landsat-8 satellite imagery
Authors: Kartikasari A N I , Halik G , Wiyono R U A
Published: June 2020

Increased population growth will impact on changes in land use for human settlements and other living needs. It is caused to land use change that negatively impacts the environment if it is not managed properly. Therefore, the information regarding to land use map is essentially needed. This research aims to asses land use change in Bedadung Jember watershed using a remote sensing technology as Bedadung watershed is one of the largest watersheds through the settlement areas of Jember regency. Remote sensing technology is widely used to provide any information such as land use changes without having an immediate monitoring in site. Therefore, it can be used to monitor land use changes in an area regularly. Landsat-8 has 30x30 m resolution is one of remote sensing technologies which is suitable for this research. The method of classifying land use change used supervised classification with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis approach in Geographic Information System (GIS). The results showed that within 16 years from 2001-2017, Bedadung Jember watershed had increased its settlement areas to 36,79 km2 or 2,66%, forest areas are decreased to 47,98 km2 or 3,47%, paddy field areas are decreased to 122,33 km2 or 8,84%, open areas are increased to 3,86 km2 or 0,28%, shrub areas are increased to 37,68 km2 or 2,72% and plantation areas are increased to 90,82 km2 or 6,57%. Simulation results with daily rainfall plans on land use in 2001 and 2017 show that the peak discharge generated in 2001 was 68.8 m3/s, while in 2017, it was 103.9 m3/s. Peak discharge in 2017 is higher than in 2001. This simulation shows that the condition of land use in 2001 is better than in 2017.
Indonesian parent’s role of early literacy program
Authors: Chasanatun F , Asrowi  , Nurkamto J , Sunardi
Published: June 2020

The research was based on the application of the curriculum condition and learning in the school of early childhood education. Psychic development, appropriate early childhood does not yet have enough readiness to receive learn to read. Students are not yet mature enough to accept the burden of the material symbols of that language. However, from previous research conducted, it found that 98% of the school taught reading for their students. It is done by a variety of reasons — for example, the demands of the parents/guardians of students, school level demands of the next, commercial purposes, and so on. On the other hand, the students were during the golden age to absorb a variety of information that can be relied upon for readiness and maturity of learning was going to do later on. Based on the research results that are relevant to this study, it was found that children who have a parent with optimizing the opportunity receive language stimulation well will grow into adults who are capable in terms of linguistic and have a tendency to more easily understand the readings five times greater than adults who in his childhood did not receive similar stimuli. The research of applying research methods combined concerning the development model Akker consists of four steps of analysis. At this stage of the development of the early models used two students who have in common the maturity to learn from three schools with different economic and social conditions for the trial subject or the respondent. Then proceeded on a limited testing phase is done with 30 students from five different schools. Extensive test phase carried out in the application of the 40 students from ten different schools. Rating (sig) is less than 0.05 (α), then Ho is rejected. This means that there is a difference of values on the Group 1 (Pre-order) and group 2 (Post). If seen from the average, then the average group 2 (post) = 77.9410 is higher than the average Group 1 (pre) = 59.7450. Then the values of Group 2 (position) better than group 1 (pre). As a result, an increase in the number of students from grades pre to post.
The strengthening of ecology literacy in eleventh grade senior high school students through development of Group Investigation (GI) module in geographic lessons of SMA Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap, Kubu Raya Regency
Authors: Nurhakim I , Suherdiyanto  , Kusnoto Y
Published: June 2020

The purposes of this research were :(1) Determine the characteristics of the development of Group Investigation (GI) based modules (2) Determine the feasibility of Group Investigation (GI) based modules (3) Assess the effectiveness of Group Investigation (GI) based geography modules developed to improve Ecological Class XI Literacy. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). The development stage of R&D is the 4D model, in this study there searchers only focused on the 3-D stage (Define, Design, Develop). This research design before and after the pre-test - post-test method. The researcher subjects were students of class XI IPS at SMA Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap. Data collection techniques used were test, question naire and documentation methods while data analysis techniques were used t test or t-test. Based on data analysis, the after thepre-test-post-test method. There search subjects were students of class XI IPS at SMA Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap. Data collection techniques used were test, questionnaire and documentation methods while data analysis techniques were used t test or t-test. Based on data analysis, the following results can be presented: (1) Characteristics of Group Investigation (GI) -based modules on preservation of environmental materials and sustainable development are at the integration stageof learning-based Investigation and insertion of environmental values Inproducts produced to enhance the Streng the ning of Ecological Literacy on environmental material class XI SMAN 3 Sungai Kakap Kubu Raya.(2)Theresults of the validation of the experts teamshow edanavera gerating, an average assessment module of 81% and included a very decent criterion, the response testshow edapositive respons etothepercentage of students andincluded with avery decent criterion.(3)Calculation of the effective ness of using N-Gain andourt-test, where N-Gainsees how much increases in the results of pre-test to post-test calculations in the experimental class 0.512% and the control classis 0.419% andthet-test to determine H1 hypothes is acceptedor rejected and the results obtained t = 3.69> table = 1.68 means that the research hypothesis (H1), isaccepted, which means there is a difference beteen the concluded experimental and control classes, the experimental class is more effective than the control class with the experimental class an average of 0.512% and a control class 0.419%.
Carbon emission estimation model and correlation with green open space in Jember City Area
Authors: Yushardi  , Romadhona S , Fitria F L , Mandala M , Kristianta
Published: June 2020

The increase in population and motor vehicles fueled by oil (BBM) resulted in increased Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG), especially Carbon gas emissions. Besides the increase in gas is also derived from household waste. The amount of carbon emissions in an area depends on the number of vehicles operating such as main roads, residential ro ads, roads that are planted with green plants and terminals. One that can reduce carbon dioxide gas is greening, by planting plants that can absorb a lot of carbon emissions. Greening can be done by planting green plants or vegetation on highways and housing. The existence of Green Open Space (RTH) will result in the assimilation of carbon by vegetation which will reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The research objective is to measure the concentration of carbon emissions from motor vehicles, modeling the relationship between carbon emissions and the number of motor vehicles and knowing the need for green space in Jember Regency for CO2 absorption for 5 years. Research by field survey, primary and secondary data by calculating the type and number of vehicles that pass, as well as green space in the City of Jember. The results show carbon dioxide emissions in the Penjaitan Road for four days amounting to 3450.6 kg / year or 2875.5 kg / year / km. The required green open space on Panjaitan road is 0.006 Ha / year or 0.005 Ha / year / km. Cassia Plant 0.54 Trees / km, or Cananga plant 3.8 Trees / km.
The development of Patukangan local sites Situbondo e-module for history learning by using Dick and Carey model
Authors: Azizha F S , Umamah N , Sumardi
Published: June 2020

Curriculum 2013 was developed to meet the needs of students and environment demands. Relevant with the rapid development of technology, educators are required to have learning innovation. Learning innovation can be performed by educators by the application of technology in facilitating students. One form of learning innovation stuff is the developing electronic modules that is affecting the Z generation. Z generation represents a generation that is adequate towards technology and has a valid desire for independent learner. Based on the need assessment of students at SMAN Situbondo, it showed that 71% of the learning resources used in Situbondo Regency were Text Books or Student Worksheets, and 86% of students need learning resources about their local history. This research aimed to solve the curriculum and utilize the technology gap, particularly local history learning. The research and development method used was the Dick and Carey model. The data collections of the research used interviews, questionnaires and tests. The validation results of the development of the local history e-module showed the results of the content expert validation as much as 78.94%, learning design expert validation as much as 86.67%, language validation was 80%, and individual test was 93.33%. Based on the results of the research, e-module for local history learning was able to be used as learning resource for the students.
The analysis of using an IPOS 4.0 Accounting Information System (AIS) on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Jember Indonesia
Authors: Kantun S , Kartini T , Tiara  , Herlindawati D
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to analyze the practice of the use of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) using IPOS 4.0 application on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Jember. It can be seen from the aspect of business, scale of business, company age, education owner or manager of the company, lead times, and accounting training followed by the owner of the company. This research is a descriptive using qualitative approach. This research was conducted by asking questions to the owner of company by distributing questionnaires. The primary research subject sampling method used is purposive sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to 40 owners MSMEs in Jember. The results showed that the some of MSMEs in Jember have been using A.I.S using IPOS 4.0 application in its operational activities. Manufacturing companies, medium-sized companies, the company that is older than 10 years, the owners of companies whose educational background Senior High School led the company for more than 10 years, the owner or manager of a company and get an accounting training the majority of use accounting information more intensively.
Characteristics of landsildes and mass wasting in south area of Lumajang District
Authors: Ikhsan F. A. , Apriyanto B. , Kantun S. , Astutik S.
Published: June 2020

The study aims to determine the types of landslides and mass wasting, characteristics of landslides and mass wasting, and the factors causing landslides and mass wasting in the southern region of Lumajang Regency. The method used in this study was carried out in three stages, namely determining the coordinates of landslide and mass wasting locations, determining landslide and mass wasting samples, determining landslide and mass wasting types, measuring slope slope, and measuring the dimensions of landslide and mass wasting infiltration. The results obtained were 8 landslide points and mass wasting impacts due to reduced land cover and soil texture type. Differences in soil types, infiltration rates, geology, vegetation, slope and rainfall have no impact on landslides and mass wasting.
The Analysis and Model of AC Switch Indication Circuit
Authors: Lu Zhang
Published: June 2020

Alternating current (AC) switch machine is usually a few kilometers away from the signal building. When the cable X1 of AC switch indication circuit breaks, it indicates that the relay does not release. Based on this problem, AC switch indication circuit is analysed, a method for solving the distributed capacitance of cable is given, and a simulation model of the AC switch indication circuit is established. The test was carried out at Hami south station, and the validity of the simulation model was verified.
The Forward Fuselage Rigidity Design Based on Sensitivity Analysis of The Aircraft
Authors: Wang Mingchun , Zhao Haimeng , Hao Xin , Sun Shanlin , Chang Ruilan
Published: June 2020

In this paper, structural characteristics of the forward fuselage of an aircraft were analyzed. Loadbearing characteristics of longitudinal members and transverse members of the forward fuselage were summarized. After analysis, longitudinal members were identified as main factors that affected structural deformation. Then, finite element analysis and sensitivity analysis methods were combined to determine accurate stiffness sensitivity parameters of the forward fuselage structure. Through analysis of the displacement sensitivity curve, the law of changes in stiffness of the forward fuselage with changes in sizes of longitudinal members was found out. Design requirements on stiffness of the forward fuselage were well satisfied by controlling parameters on purpose. Then, some experiments were designed to compare calculated displacements of the forward fuselage. Experiment results proved the accuracy of the proposed analysis method, allowing designers to get rid of their experience-based the forward fuselage stiffness design methods and providing a theoretical basis for the forward fuselage stiffness design. The proposed method could also provide some reference for structural design of new or retrofitted planes.
Potential of Merdeka Square area as the gateway of Medan City
Authors: Harisdani DD , Lindarto D , Suwantoro H
Published: June 2020

Medan City is a liaison between the city of North Sumatra and the main door of the railway line from Kuala Namu Airport that goes to Medan City at the Merdeka Square railway station in Medan. The Merdeka Square area has not been able to appear as a city gate or as a living room and showroom/etalage in the city of Medan. This research reveals the potential of Merdeka Square to make Merdeka Square a Medan city branding. Descriptively qualitative through the observation method and questionnaire, spatial analysis was carried out with reference to cultural, historical, environmental indicators revealing meaningful places that have the potential to design elements of city gates. The analysis revealed that city railway station, railway monument, main post office, hotel de Boer, BI Building, City Hall, Mandiri Building, Lonsum Building, Titi Gantung bridge as landmarks with distinctive architectural characters, historical narratives, strategic locations. While Merdeka Square and MerdekaWalk’sevent activities become a city gate area. These elements must be integrated through linkage strategies in designing urban design by strengthening public transportation lines and integrating the concept of street and square will strengthen the identity of local locality. In its implementation, development activities that are identified as comprehensive activities involving the potential of local wisdom of local culture make the area of Merdeka Square Medan an identifiable Medan City Gate.