bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Forecasting Periodic Time Series data with Fourier Autoregressive Model
Authors: Taiwo Abass I. , Olatayo Timothy Olabisi , Adedotun Adedayo Funmi , Adesanya Kazeem kehinde
Published: July 2021

Most frequently used models for modeling and forecasting periodic climatic time series do not have the capability of handling periodic variability that characterizes it. In this paper, the Fourier Autoregressive model with abilities to analyze periodic variability is implemented. From the results, FAR(1), FAR(2) and FAR(2) models were chosen based on Periodic Autocorrelation function (PeACF) and Periodic Partial Autocorrelation function (PePACF). The coefficients of the tentative model were estimated using a Discrete Fourier transform estimation method. FAR(1) models were chosen as the optimal model based on the smallest values of Periodic Akaike (PAIC) and Bayesian Information criteria (PBIC). The residual of the fitted models was diagnosed to be white noise. The in-sample forecast showed a close reflection of the original rainfall series while the out-sample forecast exhibited a continuous periodic forecast from January 2019 to December 2020 with relatively small values of Periodic Root Mean Square Error (PRMSE), Periodic Mean Absolute Error (PMAE) and Periodic Mean Absolute Percentage Error (PMAPE). The comparison of FAR(1) model forecast with AR(3), ARMA(2,1), ARIMA(2,1,1) and SARIMA( 1,1,1)(1,1,1)12 model forecast indicated that FAR(1) outperformed the other models as it exhibited a continuous periodic forecast. The continuous monthly periodic rainfall forecast indicated that there will be rapid climate change in Nigeria in the coming yearly and Nigerian Government needs to put in place plans to curtail its effects.
Fixed Point Theorems of Fuzzy T*-Cone Metric Space and Their Integral Type Application
Authors: Hadi Sarim H.
Published: July 2021

The objective of this work is to study the concept of a fuzzy -cone metric space And some related definitions in space. Also, we discuss some new results of fixed point theorems. Finally, we apply the theory of fixed point achieved in the research on an integral type.
Influence of WS2 Nanoparticles Lubricants on Physical Characteristics of Wrought Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Al-Samarai Riyadh A. , Mahmood Amjed Saleh , Ahmed Omar M.
Published: July 2021

The present study considers an influence of WS2 nanoparticles lubricants on physical characteristics of wrought Aluminium alloys. It is investigated parameters-performance relationship via tribological pin-on-disc tests, the pin is made of Aluminium alloys and the disk is made of AISI.1045, and the humidity was 70%. Oils with WS2 nanoparticles and without them reveal the loss rate of wear. In this study, the coefficient of friction (CoF) is reduced from 0.27 to 0.22 and the wear rate decreased from 0.128 x 10-6 Nm-1 to 0.107 x 10-6 Nm-1 at a load of 20 N. All worn surfaces were typically three types in wear mechanisms such as adhesive, abrasive, and oxidative wear. In addition, the use of nanoparticle enhanced the viscosity. This study showed promising results and concluded that the wrought Aluminium alloy to be the superior with WS2 nanoparticles, Furthermore, the wear rate has been reduced of 14% comparison without the use of WS2.
Effect of an inclined magnetic field on peristaltic flow of Bingham plastic fluid in an inclined symmetric channel with slip conditions
Authors: Adnan Farah Alaa , Abdul Hadi Ahmad M.
Published: July 2021

This paper studies the influence of an inclined magnetic field on peristaltic transport of incompressible Bingham plastic fluid in an inclined symmetric channel with heat transfer and mass transfer. Slip conditions for heat transfer and concentration are employed. The formulation of the problem is presented through, the regular perturbation technique for small Bingham number Bn is used to find the final expression of streamfunction, the flow rate, heat distribution and concentration distribution. The numerical solution of pressure rise per wave length is obtained through numerical integration because its analytical solution is impossible. Also the trapping phenomenon is analyzed. The effect of the physical parameters of the problem are discussed and illustrated graphically.
Quality of Experience Measurement for Video Streaming Based On Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Ghani Rana Fareed , Ajrash Amal Sufiuh
Published: July 2021

Technological development in recent years leads to increase the access speed in the networks that allow a huge number of users watching videos online. Video streaming is one of the most popular applications in networking systems. Quality of Experience (QoE) measurement for transmitted video streaming may deal with data transmission problems such as packet loss and delay. This may affect video quality and leads to time consuming. We have developed an objective video quality measurement algorithm that uses different features, which affect video quality. The proposed algorithm has been estimated the subjective video quality with suitable accuracy. In this work, a video QoE estimation metric for video streaming services is presented where the proposed metric does not require information on the original video. This work predicts QoE of videos by extracting features. Two types of features have been used, pixel-based features and network-based features. These features have been used to train an Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to estimate the video QoE.
Static and Dynamic Video Summarization
Authors: Karim Abdul Amir Abdullah , Sameer Rafal Ali
Published: July 2021

Video represented by a large number of frames synchronized with audio making video saving requires more storage, it's delivery slower, and computation cost expensive. Video summarization provides entire video information in minimum amount of time. This paper proposes static and dynamic video summarizationmethods. The proposed static video summarization method includes several steps which are extracting frames from video, keyframes selection, feature extraction and description, and matching feature descriptor with bag of visual words, and finally save frames when features matched. The proposed dynamic video summarizationmethod includes in general extracting audio from video, calculating audio features using the average of samples in windows and find the highest average which reflects portion of video with loudest sound. The experimental results for the proposed static video summarization show that there is no redundancy between selected representative keyframes and the subjective evaluation results ensure the importance of the selected keyframes. While the experimental results for the proposed static video summarization show that all the segments of goals have been extracted to provide video summary. Static and dynamic video summarization methods done to football or soccer video type.
The Relationship Between TLR 2 and 4 with Microbiota of Mouth and Nose in Hypersensitivity Type 1 Iraqi Patients
Authors: Aljubory Sulafa A. , Alaubydi Mouruj A.
Published: July 2021

Hundreds of commensal bacteria are existed in the mouth and nose, and the interactions between these microbiotas and the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in different parts of the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and immune cells maty assist to maintain the homeostasis of the immune system. Thus, it is importantto study the relationship between type one hypersensitivity and normal flora in the mouth and nose. Blood and saliva or sputum samples of seventy-one allergic patients were collected randomly in Baghdad/ Al- Zahraa center for asthma and allergies. Those patients were suffering from different types of hypersensitivity type1 such as skin and respiratory tract allergy (e.g, asthma and Rhinitis). The results revealed that the allergic females percentage were more than males. Staphylococcus spp., Lactobacillus and Fungi spp. isolated from the mouth and nose were more prevalent than other microorganisms among different age groups. In addition, most age groups were given significant variation in TLR2 level, while TLR4 recorded variation in female more than male patients.
Elevated CO2 Concentration and Air Temperature Impacts on Mangrove Plants (Rhizophora apiculata) Under Controlled Environment
Authors: Tamimia Baseem , W. A. Wan Juliana , M.S. Nizam , Mohd Zain Che Radziah Che
Published: July 2021

Global climate change has shown to have a significant impact on critical ecosystems, that in turn has led to elevated CO2 and temperatures that accompany changes in many abiotic factors, including mangrove forests, facing challenges in their habitat. This study conducted to investigate the morphological and physiological characteristic of the mangrove Rhizophora apiculata in response to elevated CO2 concentration and air temperature for the selection of tree species that are able to adapt to climate change. The seedlings were grown in controlled growth chambers with two temperatures, 21 and 38Â°C, under elevated CO2 at 650 ppm for three months. The plants watered with two liters of saline water of 28 ppt every 48 hours. Thus, after two weeks the mangrove recorded positive results for all parameters to high temperature. The differences in temperature resulted in significant differences and positive interaction between elevated CO2 and decreased temperature that led to the samples survived for all parameters and the growth was very slow, but negative interaction and the samples almost perished under elevated CO2 and increase the temperature for growth and photosynthesis response. These results suggested that the low level of photosynthetic capacity might be attributed to the decreased CO2 fixative reaction system and photosynthetic pigment contents.
Finding Best Clustering For Big Networks with Minimum Objective Function by Using Probabilistic Tabu Search
Authors: Yaqoob Ali Falah , Al-Sarray Basad
Published: July 2021

Fuzzy C-means (FCM) is a clustering method used for collecting similar data elements within the group according to specific measurements. Tabu is a heuristic algorithm. In this paper, Probabilistic Tabu Search for FCM implemented to find a global clustering based on the minimum value of the Fuzzy objective function. The experiments designed for different networks, and clusterâ€™s number the results show the best performance based on the comparison that is done between the values of the objective function in the case of using standard FCM and Tabu-FCM, for the average of ten runs.
Assessing sediment pollution by applying some geochemical indices for Al-Wind River banks/ East of Iraq
Authors: Al-Ali Iman A.
Published: July 2021

15 sediment samples were collected; 8 samples from the eastern bank, and 7 samples from the western bank of Al-Wind River in Diyala governorate to assess the sediment pollution in some trace elements such as Fe, Ni, Cd, Zr, Zn and Cu in addition to some oxides such as Al2O3, CaO, Na2O and K2O to find the effect of anthropogenic pollution and the industrial production on the sediment closed especially Naftkhana by using some geochemical pollution indices such as: geoaccumulation factor (I-geo), enrichment factor (EF),contamination factor (CF), pollution loud index (PLI) and to evaluate the degree of weathering by Applying the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA)in both banks of Al-Wind River. The results of general contamination factors indicate that the eastern bank of Al-Wind River especially that closed by Naftkhana area having quite more concentrations of trace element and oxides from the western bank. The results of I-geo presents unpolluted sediment with Pb and Fe and slightly polluted with Zn, Cu, and Ni in both banks, while the western bank in some locations recorded of moderately polluted sediments with Ni and slightly to moderately polluted sediments with Cu and Zn and reach moderately severely polluted in the eastern bank. The contamination factor (CF) for Ni and Zr classified as class 2 which indicate moderately contamination to severely pollute in both banks, while Fe, Pb, Cu and Zn conbankred unpolluted in both banks. Enrichment factor (EF) for Fe, Pb, Zr and Cu are conbankred deficiency to low enrichment the range of natural variability, while Ni record  high values reached to 6.4 indication of anthropogenic inputs. Pollution load Index (PLI) is perfection and classified as class 0 in both banks. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) reflecting the chemical weathering intensity especially for the western bank.
Extraction and Application of Natural Colourant from the Bark of Berlinia Grandiflora on Cotton and Polyamide 6 Fabrics
Authors: Asiagwu A.K. , Otutu J.O. , Onyesom I.E. , Ebigwai J.K.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to extract and utilise the bark of Berlinia grandiflora as a natural dye source for the colouration of cotton and polyamide 6 fabrics. The solvents used for this study were water, methanol, acetone, and methanol/potassium hydroxide. The best of all the solvents used was water. In the extraction process, the various solvents were extracted with Soxhlet extractor.  The optimum colourant extraction was observed at 40 °C for 2 h.  The extracted compound was isolated and characterized by UV spectrophotometry; proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.  Mordanting and subsequent dyeing of cotton and polyamide 6 fabrics with the extracted colourant were performed to investigate the dye’s efficiency.  Two metal salts, namely copper sulphate and stannous chloride, were used as mordants.  Furthermore, the washing, rubbing, and light fastness properties of dyed samples were tested. The results of the fastness tests showed that the natural dye gave light fastness value (3= fair) without the use of mordants, whereas the values were 5 on cotton and 4 on nylon 6 with the use of mordants. The results of fastness of rubbing and washing were excellent for both cotton and nylon. The outcome of the study presents a potentially useful natural colourant for the colouration of natural and synthetic fibers.
Investigation of Pomegranate Seed Oil Effects on the Renal Function in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Male Rabbits
Authors: Ibrahim Bushra R. , Khalil Luma W. , Salih Lina A.
Published: July 2021

Diabetes is a chronic disease which has reached pandemic proportions in a lot of countries of the world. In spite of the remarkable development in therapeutics chemistry, the usage of customary drugs is still a common practice for the treatment of diabetes. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on kidney functions in the experimentally-induced diabetes in male rabbits. Diabetes was experimentally introduced by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (150mg/kg BW). After three days of alloxan injection, samples were taken for the determination of glucose concentration. Serum glucose concentration of 200mg/ml was considered as an indication of animal diabetes. The experimental part was begun after 7 days of alloxan injection.

Thirty two adult male rabbits were arbitrarily separated into four groups and treated daily for 45 days. Group 1 was kept with no treatment, group 2 included animals treated with 30mg/kg BW PSO, group 3 included diabetic animals that received alloxan with a dose of 150mg/kg BW, and, finally, group 4 included animals that received alloxan (150mg/kg BW) and treated with PSO (30mg/kg BW). Fasting blood samples were collected by heart puncture technique after 45days of experiments to assess glucose levels.
mtDNA Haplogroup M5 Associated with Risk of Colorectal Cancer in South India Population
Authors: B. Prathap Naidu  , Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Published: July 2021

The life on earth is driven by energy, supplied by the tiny organelles of the cell called mitochondria and they are usually stated as the powerhouses of the cell.  In population genetics, Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is used extensively to categorize individuals or populations.  The mutation sites observed in human mtDNA by comparing with the reference sequence (rCRS) are termed into definite human mtDNA haplogroups. Previous studies showed that mtDNA specific haplogroups and polymorphisms were established to be linked with various human diseases, including cancer in numerous populations. Furthermore, it is also known that several mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms are implicated in enhanced production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which are known to be an increased risk cause for several cancers, including colorectal cancer in Indian patients. Hence in our study, we made high resolution examination on mtDNA hypervariable region to trace the association of specific mtDNA haplogroup with colorectal cancer in south Indian populations. We report that mtDNA Haplogroup M was observed in 60% of the colorectal cancer patients and around 55% in the studied control samples. Haplogroup M is the most frequent mtDNA cluster found among south Indian populations. We further sub-lineated macro haplogroup M and found sub haplogroups (M8, M7, M6, M5, M3 and M2) in varied frequencies. In particular, we found significant association of haplogroup M5 with colorectal cancer patients (p = 0.026). Haplogroup M5 was observed in 12% of colorectal cancer patients in south Indian patients and in 3.3% of the control populations. These results suggest that individuals with haplogroup M5 may have significant risk to develop colorectal cancer.
Hydrochemical Evaluation of Groundwater from Selected Wells in Al Muthana Governorate, Southern Iraq
Authors: Al- Khafaji Raad , Muhi Saad , Jassam Adnan
Published: July 2021

The study area is part of the city of Samawa in Al Muthanna Governorate in southern Iraq. The study  area is located to the west of Samawa city bounded by the north latitudes 31⁰11'-31o42' and east longitudes 44o58'- 45⁰16'and its groundwater resources are developed for supply and irrigation purposes. In order to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the study area, twenty three groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physical and chemical parameters. Hydrochemical analysis showed that the groundwater of the study area is excessively mineralized  and very hard. The increase in flow length of groundwater in the study area caused a change in water quality from bicarbonate to sulfate and chloride. The abundance of the major ions is as follows: SO4> CL>HCO3>NO3and Na>Ca>Mg>K. The dominant type  of groundwater is Na+- sulfate. The water of the  studied wells is not suitable for human drinking. Depending on TDS and EC values, most samples of the water are moderate saline class for irrigation. Most wells are good to permissible (wells No.4,14,17) and doubtful (well No. 12) for irrigation depending on Na%, while unsuitable for irrigation depending on EC  (except well No. 17 which is  permissible). Excellent water class (S1)for agriculture was recorded depending on SAR, except for well N0.2 which had an a good class (S2).
Semi -T- Small Submodules
Authors: Elewi Alaa A.
Published: July 2021

Let  be a ring with identity and  be a submodule of a left - module . A submodule  of  is called - small in  denoted by , in case for any submodule  of ,  implies .  Submodule  of  is called semi -T- small in , denoted by , provided for submodule  of ,  implies that . We studied this concept which is a generalization of the small submodules and obtained some related results
Some Geometric Properties of a Hyperbolic Univalent Function
Authors: Al-Azawee Sabah S. , Alhily Shatha S.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we analyze several aspects of a hyperbolic univalent function related to convexity properties, by assuming  to be the univalent holomorphic function maps of the unit disk  onto the hyperbolic convex region  ( is an open connected subset of). This assumption leads to the coverage of some of the findings that are started by seeking a convex univalent function distortion property to provide an approximation of the inequality and confirm the form of the lower bound for . A further result was reached by combining the distortion and growth properties for increasing inequality  . From the last result, we wanted to demonstrate the effect of the unit disk image on the condition of convexity estimation by proving the two inequalities of

 , and   .
Heavy Metal Pollution and Sources in Dust from Primary Schools and Kindergartens in Ramadi City, Iraq
Authors: Radhi Athraa B. , Shartooh Sufyan M. , Al-Heety Emad A.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the level of pollution with heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) and their potential sources in dust samples collected from schools in Ramadi City, Iraq. The dust samples were collected from 40 primary schools and two kindergartens and analyzed by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The heavy metal concentrations were found to follow the order Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cd.  The results indicated that the concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb exceeded the permitted background values. The pollution level was assessed using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and pollution load index (PLI). The classification of dust samples according to Igeo values showed that they ranged from unpolluted for Cu, Cr, Ni, and Zn, to moderately polluted for Pb, and heavily polluted for Cd. The PLI values indicated no to moderate pollution load. The results of the comparisons of heavy metal concentrations with the background values, as well as the multivariate statistical analysis, indicated three groups of heavy metals with different sources or origins: (1) Cd and Cu (anthropogenic source: vehicle emissions); (2) Pb (mixed source); and (3) Cr, Ni, and Zn (Geogenic source). This study is the first attempt in Iraq to investigate the concentrations of heavy metals in the dust of indoor environments. This study provides the environmental protection managers and decision-makers with important information about the concentrations of heavy metals and their sources in indoor environments.
The Efficiency of Apple Vinegar as A Solvent in Comparison to Water and Ethanol for The Extraction of Some Plants used Against Candida Spp. Biofilm Formation
Authors: Mohammed Sinai W. , Jabbar Faheema , Nayyef Hanan J. , Al-Malkey Maysaa K. , Misha'al Khawla I. , Taqi Estabraq Ab.
Published: July 2021

Apple vinegar has many uses that include burn and wound healing and as an antimicrobial agent against different microorganisms, but not as a solvent. Therefore, this study aimed to use commercial apple vinegar as solvent to the plants of  roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa), green tea (Camellia sinensis), and clove (Syzygium aromaticum). The effects of apple-vinegar extracts of these plants were compared with those of aqueous and ethanolic extracts against biofilm formation by Candida genus. Clove vinegar extract demonstrated antibiofilm activity against C. albicans, alone (2.4907± 0.382) or in combination with the antifungal agents fluconazole (1.689±0.33), nystatine (1.941±0.64), and clotrimazole (2.0353±0.71819). These plant extracts possessed a variable number of antimicrobial compounds, as tested by the HLPC technique. Therefore, apple vinegar was the most efficient solvent, in comparison with the other solvents used in this study, to obtain some phytochemical compounds from the tested plants that have antibiofilm activity against C. albicans.
Minangkabau Matriliny and Gender Equality: Cultural Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Nasir Putiviola Elian , Halim Abdul , Herida Tanty , Cory Silvi , Sinulingga Anita Afriani , Mukhti Aditya , Hidayat Bunga Sri , Gibran Faraytodi
Published: July 2021

The Minangkabau ethnic group is still the largest matrilineal society in the world. Past research on this ethnicity are mainly centralized on the concept of merantau (migration), on its adaptation after the enter of Islam, and on the gender role and position in Minangkabau society. This research aims to highlight the contribution of the Minangkabau matrilineal system to the local development of West Sumatra, specifically the gender equality goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); and to what extent if it were present. This research employed qualitative method, and data were collected through literature study and interview with national and local NGOs working in the field of women and development. This research discovered that theoretically, the Minangkabau matrilineal values can and should stimulate the gender equality SDGs achievement in West Sumatra. However, in reality, gender inequality still exists in West Sumatra with several SGD targets having wider gaps compared to other patrilineal societies in Indonesia. This research argues that by not wholly implementing the matrilineal values, the West Sumatran Minangkabau people has indirectly restrained themselves from achieving gender equality in the region, specifically related to violence and discrimination against women, also active participation of women in the economy and politics.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PADA PRODUKSI LAMPU TL DI PT PHILIPS INDONESIA DENGAN PETA KENDALI U DAN DECISION ON BELIEF (DOB)
Authors: ANDRIANI VIKI , YANUAR FERRA , ASDI YUDIANTRI
Published: July 2021

Pengendalian kualitas statistik merupakan salah satu usaha yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi jumlah produk yang cacat. Salah satu metode pengendalian kualitas statistik yang digunakan adalah peta kendali. Peta kendali terdiri dari dua macam yaitu peta kendali atribut dan peta kendali variabel. Peta kendali U merupakan peta kendali atribut yang digunakan untuk ukuran sampel yang sama dan juga ukuran sampel yang berbeda. Salah satu konsep metode baru pengendalian kualitas statistik dari peta kendali univariat atribut adalah peta kendali Decision On Belief (DOB). Pada penelitian ini membandingkan hasil kinerja dari peta kendali U dan peta kendali(DOB). Hasil analisis dan pembahasan diperoleh bahwa kinerja dari peta kendali DOB lebih baik daripada peta kendali U, karena mampu mendeteksi jumlah data out of control lebih banyak sebesar 17, 86% dibandingkan dengan menggunakan peta kendali U.Kata Kunci: Pengendalian Kualitas Statistik, Peta Kendali DOB, Peta Kendali U
Estimation of Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, and Immunoglobulin M Antibody Levels in Laboratory Mice Balb/c Infected with Entamoeba histolytica and Treatment with Aqueous Extracts of Cyperus rotundus and Thymus serpyllum
Authors: Hussein Farhan K. , Mahmoud Ashraf J. , Yousif Buthainah J.
Published: July 2021

Sixty Balb/c mice (Mus musculus) were used in the present study. It was conducted out in the animal house of the Department of Biology/College of Education for Women. The mice were infected with Entamoeba histolytica isolated from positive stool samples obtained from children in pediatric hospital in Kirkuk city governorate followed by treatment with aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus and Thymus serpyllum. Results revealed a significant increase of P < 0.05 in immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G,, and immunoglobulin M antibody levels among infected mice when it was compared with the control and treated groups of aqueous extracts of studied plant. This indicates the efficacy of these extracts as treatment.
Cephalometric Norms of Erbil Kurdish Adults
Authors: Mustafa Chalabee Botan A. , Hassan Bayan A.
Published: July 2021

Ethical group might have differential skeletal forms, thus cephalometric analysis and orthodontic material have been developed for specific ethnic groups which might be different for Kurdish Ethics.Objectives: This study is to determine the cephalometric norms of an Erbil Kurdish population according to Steiner analysis, who attend to Tishk Hospital/Diagnosis Department Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 48 lateral cephalograms of adult orthodontic subjects between 20 and 29 years with normal occlusion, and with no previous orthodontic treatment were evaluated. Lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed based on Steiner’s cephalometric parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Differences between Erbil Kurdish and Steiner’s norms were analyzed using one-sample t-test (P < 0.05). Results: The SNA, ML-NSL (Mandibular Line to NS line), U1-NA (both angular and linear measurements), interincisal angle, L1-NB (angular only), Pog-NB, L1-Pog//NB, Ls-SL, and Li-SL values were significantly different between the Erbil Kurdish population and Steiner’s norms (P < 0.05). No significant differences existed in Occl-SN (occlusal plane to SN) and L1-Nb (linear only), SNB, and ANB between the Erbil Kurdish population and the Steiner’s norms (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Cephalometric norms for Erbil Kurdish adults are different from those of Steiner’s norms. The norms obtained in our study can be used for orthodontic treatments and orthognathic surgeries in Erbil Kurdish population.
Data Storytelling with Dashboard: Accelerating Understanding Through Data Visualization in Financial Technology Company Case Study
Authors: Suprata Ferdian
Published: July 2021

In the rapid development many organisation rely on context data to support as well as to assist its decision making process. Consequently, Business Intelligence (BI), Dashboard, and Data Visualization emerged as primary tools in early 1990s as a way to help practitioners, data analyst, and data scientist to present context data into an actionable information for decision making process. However, despite its robust and powerful tools, recent study done by Kaggle’s survey in 2017 resulted that in the last five years, many companies were not able to create effective data-driven dashboard due to complex dataset, poor dashboard design, and insufficient storytelling. Hence, understanding of who is going to use dashboard, choosing which data and metrics to visualize in the right context, knowing how to convey information, driving engagement, and persuading audiences are essential in current business practices. This study is aimed to help practitioners to understand the impact of effective dashboard can have on decision making process, to design leveraging dashboard, and to present the dashboard in storytelling. A literature study is performed to gather all relevant information resulted in guidelines for dashboard creator. Case study in financial technology company is applied to experiment and to test the guidelines for assisting dashboard creator to present data-driven insight to the stakeholder.
Kajian pendahuluan penentuan tingkat utilitas pekerja proses filling stasiun kerja cup filling di perusahaan air minum dalam kemasan
Authors: Yanto Yanto , Wahju Marsellinus Bachtiar
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the utilization of the worker’s time in the filling process, packaging department, a cup and bottled water company. Considering the aim of the study and the task characteristics, work sampling technique was used. Two production lines and two work stations were selected for time studyanalysis. In each work station, two workers with different tasks were involved for the time analysis. A number 586 and 1710 observations from Worker 1 in Line 1 and Line 2, and 586 and 1440 observations from Worker 2 in Line 1 and Line 2 were taken and observed. Results showed that the utilization of worker’s time are 31.7% and 33.6 % of Worker 1 in Line 1 and Line 2, and 25.6% and 21.0% of Worker 2 in Line 1 and Line 2. Results of significant testing showed that no significant differences were found for workers’ time utilization between Worker 1 in Line 1 and Worker 1 in Line 2 (Z=-0.82, p=0.41) and between Worker 2 in Line 1 and Worker 2 in Line 2 (Z=2.17, p=0.03) for α=0.01. Regarding findings in this study, it is reasonable for the management to consider work station which one worker per machine instead of two workers per one machine.
Analisis Kenyamanan Termal Ruang Kuliah
Authors: Hadi Yuswono , Azaria Tabitha , . Purnomo , Putrianto Novenda K. , Oktiarso Teguh , Ekawati Yurida , Noya Sunday
Published: July 2021

Bhakti Persada Building is one of the main buildings at Ma Chung University that serves as a place for the lecture process and student activities. Every room of Bhakti Persada Building has an AC that is on every day and there are very adequate windows and vents. The study aims to provide thermal comfort to the space users by measure temperature, humidity, and wind speed before and after the engineering of space facilities using SNI 6390: 2011 for temperature and humidity as well as the MENKES No.261 / MENKES / SK / 11/1998 standard for wind speed. In addition, this study was also conducted by paying attention to environmental issues, especially energy utilization, so that later it will be obtained scheduling to use of air conditioners as well as the efficiency of the use of electrical energy after the engineering of space facilities. The results of thermal comfort analysis after engineering the room facilities, obtained the time zone of the lecture room using a propeller fan is the time zone I and II for all sizes of lecture rooms while for time zone III all lecture rooms will use air conditioning because the temperature increases ± 0, 5 ° C, and for time zone IV lecture rooms with sizes 5 x 9 m, 6 x 9 m and 8 x 9 m the second floor will use a fan and a room size 8 x 9 m and 10 x 9 m third floor will use AC. After the engineering of space facilities, it was also found that the efficiency of the use of electrical energy in the lecture hall of the Bhakti Persada Building was 53%.
Course Design Based on Students’ English Skill Cluster: A Case Study in a University Language Center
Authors: Murpratomo Eldwin Ilham , Kurniawati Amelia , Anggana Hilman Dwi
Published: July 2021

The English Proficiency Test (EPrT) is a prediction test for English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), which is a prerequisite for graduation at XYZ University. The Language Center provides a course for EPrT preparation. The course posttest data shows that only 74% of students met the graduation prerequisites. This study aims to develop an English course design based on the students’ English skill cluster. This study uses the K-Means clustering approach to classify the students based on English skills. The respondents are 397 students who joined the EPrT preparation course in October and November 2018. The 397 students are distributed into 3 clusters, which are 174 students in cluster 1, 116 students in cluster 2, and 107 students in cluster 3. Cluster 1 consists of students with the score below average. Cluster 2 consists of students with the total score above average, but the components score is below average. Cluster 3 consists of students with pre-test total score below average, but the post-test score are above average. Therefore, the EPrT preparation course is suggested to have different levels, instead of one level as now. The course materials are designed to be suitable for students’ initial English skills at each level.
Penerapan Metode IPA dan PGCV untuk Menganalisis Kualitas Layanan PT. Bank X berdasarkan Dimensi Servqual
Authors: Howin Rikko , Prasetya Wibawa
Published: July 2021

The bank is an institution that usually keeps people's money and redistributes it, as well as providing other services. The quality of service at the bank is important in order to compete well in the banking industry. This study aims to determine customer satisfaction, priority improvements needed to increase customer satisfaction. The data processing of this research begins with the validity and reliability test of the questionnaire, then continues with data processing using the SERVQUAL, IPA, and PGCV methods. In the SERVQUAL method there are a total of 22 attributes, for the tangible dimension it has 9 attributes, then the reliability dimension has 2 attributes, Furthermore, the responsiveness dimension has 4 attributes, the assurance dimension has 3 attributes, and finally the empathy dimension has 4 attributes. The result of Service Quality data processing, as a whole has a gap minus value. The results are then processed by the IPA method and the results show that six attributes are in the first quadrant (priority recovery), three attributes are in the second quadrant, one attribute is in the third quadrant, twelve attributes are in the fourth quadrant. The results of data processing using the IPA method, then continued with data processing using the PGCV method, and the results show that there are six attributes listed in the order of priority, with the highest PGCV score statement, namely the item "tellers and customers". Service has a sufficient number. Then followed by adding some divider walls, equity in bank services, in customer services speed, improvement at queue information, adding some chairs. So, to increase and maintain the bank service quality, the problems must be fixed immediately based on the priority rank results like adding some divider wall, increase the number of teller and customer service, adding some chair, improving equity in bank services, improving the customer service speed in serving customers
S-Metaheuristics Approach to Solve Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Chandra Agung , Naro Aulia
Published: July 2021

Metaheuristic algorithm is a state of the art optimization method which suitable for solving large and complex problem. Single solution technique – Smetaheuristic is one of metaheuristic algorithm that search near optimal solution and known as exploitation based. The research conducted to seek a better solution for deliverying goods to 29 destinations by comparing two well known optimization methods that can produce the shortest distance: Simulated Annealing (SA) and Tabu Search (TS). The result shows that TS – 107 KM has a shorter distance than SA – 119 KM. Exploration based method should be conducted for next research to produce information in which one is a better method
Juveniles of pink and chum salmon in the southern Okhotsk Sea in their late marine stage (August-October 2012). Distribution, feeding, patterns of growth
Authors: Lazhentsev Artem Е. , Maznikova Olga А.
Published: July 2021

Ontogeny of one generation of pink and chum salmons is described for the period after their juveniles redistribution from coastal waters to deep-water areas in the central and southern Okhotsk Sea in August-November, 2012. The juveniles fed very intensively in August when their diet had about 85 % of proteins and 15 % of lipids due to prevalence of hyperiids and oikopleuras with low fat content. Their growth rate was high at this stage, and energy expenditure on growth took about a half of the ration (56-63 % for pink salmon and 40 % for chum salmon). The feeding intensity became lower in October, but caloric content of the food increased because of partial replacement of its protein fraction by lipids, which content exeeded 75 %. Linear growth rate decreased in October in 3.8 times for pink salmon and in 1.8 times for chum salmon, it took 21-27 % of food energy for the pink and almost the same portion as in August for the chum. Both feeding activity, growth rate, and fat deposit depended on temperature. Temperature in August was more favorable for feeding and metabolic processes, in particular for pink salmon that was able to consume daily up to 1/10 of its body weight and spend > 50 % of the energy for the growth, but water cooling in October caused lesser feeding, lower metabolism, and slower growth.
Morphometric criterion of sexual and functional maturity; forecasting of stocks and recruitment for snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the southern part of the Primorye subarea
Authors: Slizkin Alexey G. , Koblikov Valery N.
Published: July 2021

Stocks of large-hand and narrow-hand males of snow crab opilio are assessed separately for the first time on the data collected in the Primorye subarea southward from Cape Zolotoy (47°20’ N) in 2010-2013. Results of the separate assessment change fundamentally the conception of this exploited population recruitment. There is proposed to calculate the recruitment of its commercial stock from the number of narrow-hand males with commercial size instead of former method based on the number of pre-recruits size groups, that means that the large-hand males only are considered as commercial ones but the large-size narrow-hand males are their reserve. Dynamics of the size composition is analyzed and several options for calculation of the commercial stock recruitment after the final moult are proposed.
Age composition of Chukchi sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka
Authors: Golub’ Elena V.
Published: July 2021

Long-term data on age composition for Chukchi populations of sockeye salmon are presented. Spawners of 23 ages are recognized in the period 1970-2013 for 10 populations: 2+, 3+, 0.1+, 0.2+, 0.3+, 0.4+, 0.5+, 1.1+, 1.2+, 1.3+, 1.4+, 1.5+, 2.1+, 2.2+, 2.3+, 2.4+, 2.5+, 3.1+, 3.2+, 3.3+, 3.4+, 4.2+, and 4.3+. The brood stock basis is formed by five- and six-year fish of 1-2-year freshwater feeding and 3-year marine feeding. The greatest diversity in the age composition is observed at the northern limit of the Asian sockeye salmon natural habitat - i.e. in the Seutakan and Achchen lake-river systems. The spawners dropped into the sea at the age of 0+ and 1+ years are more common in the populations with prevailing limnophilous forms of sockeye (rivers Khatyrka, Tumanskaya and Anadyr, Seutakan lake-river system), and the spawners dropped at the age 2+ and 3+ years - in the populations with domination of its rheophilous form (Meinypilgyn lake-river system, Orianda and Amaam lagoons). As compared with the sockeye salmon from central spawning areas of the habitat, the Chukchi sockeye has more complicated age composition of reproductive part of stocks, greater duration of marine feeding, females predominance among fast-maturing fish returning after 2 years of marine life, higher portion of males in senior age groups, and minor level of kokanee salmon and jacks. Brief description of spawning and/or feeding ponds for Chukchi sockeye salmon is presented.
Dynamics of population parameters for pike Esox lucius L. (Esocidae) from the Anadyr River in the period of 1971-2010
Authors: Grunin Sergey I.
Published: July 2021

Samples of pike were collected by Lab. of Ichthyology, IBPN FEB RAS in the middle stream of the Anadyr River at Markovo in June-September of 1971-2010 and processed by standard methods; in total 2410 specimens were analyzed. The pike population changed significantly during the period of observation: the fish in catches became smaller and younger, growth rate decreased, and absolute and relative fecundity increased, mainly under impact of fishery, including industrial one that intensified in 1970-1980s. As the result, the pike abundance decreased in 1980s, and the first-spawning females and males became to prevail in its catches. Further decreasing of the abundance was able to promote a reduction of competition in the population. The population could be restored only after considerable decrease of fishing pressure, or banning of the species fishery, that would improve the feeding conditions. Recent lowering of the fishing pressure due to low stock causes partial recovery of the population accompanied by heightening of elder fish portion. Now the fish spawned several times prevail in the catches. However, the growth rate and females fecundity still differ from the values typical for the 1970s. Partial recovery of the pike population should be accounted in estimations of its predatory on other fishes in the Anadyr River, including commercial species.
Spatial-temporal patterns of euphausiids ecology in the Okhotsk Sea
Authors: Volkov Anatoly F.
Published: July 2021

The most common regularities in spatial distribution of mass Euphausia species and their size classes and ontogenetic stages are determined for the Okhotsk Sea using the data averaging by biostatistical areas and applying the average results to the centers of the areas that allows to smooth small-scale patterns as patchiness. Thysanoessa raschii and Th. inermis occupy mostly shelf areas and Th. longipes and Euphausia pacifica - deep-water areas; among them Th. raschii and Th. longipes are more abundant and Th. inermis and E. pacifica are supposedly allochtonous species which penetrate to the Okhotsk Sea through the Kuril Straits, so they are distributed mainly in the southern part of the Sea. Mean biomass and abundance of all species in the upper (0-50 m) and deeper (50-200 m) layers are calculated for each stage and size class in the daytime and nighttime, separately: most of them, including both adults and furcilias, concentrate mainly in the deeper layer and their night biomass is higher in both layers though about a half of animals raise to the sea surface at night. Only eggs, nauplii and calyptopes of euphausiids don’t change their abundance considerably between day and night, and most of them occupy the upper layer round the clock. Obviously, the increasing of late furcilias and adults in the deeper layer at night is caused by their diurnal migration from the layers below 200 m. Seasons of the highest abundance for early stages come in natural order that is a sign of their short duration.
Review of toxicity for the main chemical elements - pollutants of salmonid spawning rivers in Kamchatka
Authors: Esin Eugeny V.
Published: July 2021

Toxicological tests of salmons on acute and chronic critical concentrations of 15 chemical elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, Sb, Al, Fe, Mo, V, Se, S, As, B) are executed and compared with cited data, with special attention to mechanisms of the toxins physiological effects on fish, including their synergistic and antagonistic influence. These elements are the most common pollutants of spawning rivers in Kamchatka. For better comparability, the standard test object is used, as rainbow trout. Regional amendments to the normative standards of anthropogenic discharges are proposed.
Patterns of nutrients distribution along salinity gradient in the estuaries of the rivers Sukhodol and Razdolnaya/Suifen (Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea)
Authors: Vazhova Anna S. , Zuenko Yury I.
Published: July 2021

Sign of production-destruction balance is determined for different parts of two rivers estuaries in Peter the Great Bay (Razdolnaya/Suifen and Sukhodol) on the data of chemical samplings in different seasons of 2010-2013. For this purpose, the nutrients concentration dependence on ratio of river and sea waters mixing is determined. In the case of conservative behavior of nutrients, their concentration should have negative linear dependence on increasing salinity, but its non-linearity shows removal or addition of the nutrients by processes of biological production or destruction: negative deviations indicate production and positive deviations indicate destruction. The concentration of mineral nitrogen is close to zero everywhere in the estuaries in spring, so below the line of conservative behavior that is the evidence of active nitrogen consumption. Patterns of silicon and phosphorus distribution are similar to the distribution of nitrogen. Summer nutrients concentrations are mainly below the conservative values, as well, with exception of the areas at the river bar, so production prevails in the external estuaries of both rivers, but remineralization prevails in the lower parts of the internal estuaries in this season. In autumn, destruction of organic matter becomes more important in both estuaries, so heightened values of nutrients are observed in all their parts, in particular in the «silicon belt» of brackish water (≈ 13-17 eps). The silicon concentration increasing at the river bar (above the concentration in the river water) is the most significant in the Razdolnaya estuary which is generally poor by this nutrient. There is concluded that terrigenous nutrients of the river water are utilized for new production mostly in the external estuaries, whereas the process of organic matter mineralization dominates in the internal estuaries. Besides of the production-destruction processes, changes of the mineral silicon concentration are determined by transformation of its inorganic forms, as dissociation of low-soluble silicates to silicon acid under heightened pH. Principal difference of the production-destruction balance between the internal and external parts of estuary could be an ecological basis for formation of different ecosystems in these zones, with principally different structure and functioning patterns.