bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Documents in the Criminal Code of Ukraine: Content and Their Relationship
Authors: Fialka M. I.
Published: August 2020

The subject matter of the scientific research carried out within the scientific article are documents as features of corpus delicti provided in the criminal legislation of Ukraine. The purpose of this article is to study the problem of the existence of the document, its varieties and their relationship in the structure of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Achieving this purpose within the study became possible due to the implementation of the relevant tasks, namely: to determine the list of criminal and legal norms, which provide the presence of a document in the form of certain features of corpus delicti; to establish the main content and essence of each type of the document; to establish the relationship of different types of documents in the structure of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

General scientific methods have been mainly used in the process of scientific research, namely: analysis, generalization, systematic approach and study of documents. This, in turn, provided an opportunity to formulate the novelty of the scientific research, which is to establish the content of the concepts of different types of documents within the Criminal Code of Ukraine and to establish their interdependence.

Based on the study of the essence of the term of the “document” and its varieties, it has been emphasized the presence of certain characteristics, namely: the basic concept is the “document”; each type of document provided in the Criminal Code of Ukraine is used in a specific area of activity of society and the state (financial sphere, sphere of public administration, sphere of state secrets, medical sector, etc.); the content of information or data contained in the document is directly related to the scope of its use; the characteristic functional orientation of the document, as a rule, is directly reflected in its specific title (for example, the financial document is used in the financial sphere).

It has been concluded that the concept of the “document” and its varieties are correlated with each other as general and specific. In this case, the document is understood as a general, and its varieties – as its specific forms.
Ectasia dural e hipotensión endocraneal en síndrome de Marfán
Authors: Pichott Andrea , Bernstein Tomas , Guzmán Guillermo , Fariña Guillermo , Aguirre David , Espinoza Aníbal
Published: August 2020

Introducción: El síndrome de Marfán es un trastorno multisistémico del tejido conectivo de herencia autosómica dominante, de expresión variable. La ectasia dural es un compromiso frecuente, pero poco conocido, que puede asociarse a síndrome de hipotensión endocraneana (SHE).Objetivo: Presentar un caso de cefalea invalidante secundario a SHE, para advertir de esta rara complicación, que debe tenerse presente en niños portadores de conectivopatías, en especial síndrome de Marfán.Caso Clínico: Adolescente femenina de 13 años, portadora de sindrome de Marfán, de diagnóstico clínico según criterios de Ghent 2010, que consultó por cefalea ortostatica invalidante de 6 meses de evolución. La Resonancia Magnetica (RM) de cerebro mostró múltiples signos de hipotensión endocraneana, mientras que la RM de columna total mostró una ectasia dural que determinó la dilatación del saco tecal y remodelación posterior de los cuerpos vertebrales, especialmente a nivel del sacro. Se realizó tratamiento con parche sanguíneo autólogo epidural con buena respuesta clínica.Conclusiones: La ectasia dural, frecuente en el sindrome de Marfán, es una causa predisponente a fuga de líquido cefaloraquideo (LCR), que podría causar cefalea ortostática segundaria al SHE.
Nistagmo secundario a albinismo con compromiso ocular en paciente femenina
Authors: Schonhaut B. Luisa , Britzmann L. Joanna , Zanolli S. Mario , Pavlov N. Jovanka , Hasbun Z. Trinidad , Repetto L. Gabriela
Published: August 2020

El nistagmo infantil es infrecuente y representa un desafío diagnóstico para el pediatra. El albinismo es una de sus principales causas, siendo difícil de sospechar en ausencia de compromiso cutáneo evidente, especialmente en pacientes femeninas, debido a que tipo de herencia del albinismo ocular.Objetivo: Describir un caso de nistagmo secundario a albinismo con compromiso ocular aislado en paciente femenina, para discutir el enfoque diagnóstico pediátrico.Caso Clínico: Paciente femenino de 3 semanas de vida, sin antecedentes mórbidos, derivada a neuropediatra y oftalmólogo por movimientos oculares paroxísticos desde las 2 semanas, con estudio con electroencefalograma e imágenes cerebrales normales. A los 3 meses se confirmó translucencia iridiana, nistagmo y astigmatismo hipermetrópico. La valuación dermatológica descartó compromiso cutáneo. Evolucionó con inclinación cefálica hacia abajo y retraso del desarrollo de la coordinación, fue manejada con lentes de corrección y kinesioterapia. A los 3 años, destacaba mejoría de la agudeza visual, disminución del nistagmo y neurodesarrollo normal. La evaluación oftalmológica de ambos padres fue normal y no había antecedentes de nistagmo o albinismo en la familia. Por decisión de los padres no se realizó estudio genético.Conclusión: El diagnóstico de nistagmo secundario a compromiso ocular del albinismo, aún en ausencia de afección cutánea, es clínico; el estudio genético permite confirmar la etiología, sin ser un examen imprescindible, a menos que se considere la planificación familiar. La pesquisa oportuna e intervención multidisciplinaria determinan un mejor pronóstico.
Patologías del niño inmigrante en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos
Authors: Carrasco T. Pamela , Bracho M. Fernado , Montes F. Soledad , Cordova L. Pablo , Tomarelli R. Gianfranco , Arriagada S. Daniela , Donoso F. Alejandro
Published: August 2020

Cada vez es más frecuente la atención médica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) de niños o adolescentes inmigrantes como también de aquellos nacidos en nuestro país con padres en tal condición. Esto ha ocasionado, en la actualidad, que el equipo de salud se deba enfrentar con problemas diagnósticos derivados del escaso conocimiento de condiciones genéticas propias de esta población y/o el desarrollo de diversas patologías infrecuentes en nuestro país, algunas resultantes de su condición sanitaria. En esta revisión se abordan diversos aspectos de la patología hematológica, infecciosa, parasitaria, respiratoria y cardiovascular, todos tópicos relevantes de conocer durante su estadía en la UCI. Es un deber del equipo de salud actualizarse sobre patologías de baja prevalencia en nuestro país, algunas de ellas muy poco conocidas hasta hace una década, pero que, actualmente, están cada vez más presentes en las UCI del sistema de salud público chileno.
La auscultación pulmonar en el siglo 21
Authors: Bertrand Z. Francisca , Segall K. Dafne , Sánchez D. Ignacio , Bertrand N. Pablo
Published: August 2020

La auscultación pulmonar es parte fundamental del examen físico para el diagnóstico de las enfermedades respiratorias. La estandarización que ha alcanzado la nomenclatura de los ruidos respiratorios, sumado a los avances en el análisis computacional de los mismos, han permitido mejorar la utilidad de esta técnica. Sin embargo, el rendimiento de la auscultación pulmonar ha sido cuestionado por tener una concordancia variable entre profesionales de la salud. Aun cuando la incorporación de nuevas herramientas diagnósticas de imágenes y función pulmonar han revolucionado la precisión diagnóstica en enfermedades respiratorias, no existe tecnología que permita reemplazar la técnica de auscultación pulmonar para guiar el proceso diagnóstico. Por una parte, la auscultación pulmonar permite seleccionar a aquellos pacientes que se beneficiarán de una determinada técnica diagnóstica, se puede repetir cuantas veces sea necesario para tomar decisiones clínicas, y frecuentemente permite prescindir de exámenes adicionales que no siempre son fáciles de realizar o no se encuentran disponibles. En esta revisión se presenta el estado actual de la técnica de auscultación pulmonar y su rendimiento objetivo basado en la nomenclatura actual aceptada para los ruidos respiratorios, además de resumir la evidencia principal de estudios de concordancia de auscultación pediátrica y su análisis objetivo a través de nueva tecnología computacional.
Nueva mutación identificada en el gen FOXP3 en lactante menor con diarrea crónica como manifestación de enteropatía autoinmune - Síndrome IPEX
Authors: Plata Garcia Clara , Martin-Marin Lorena , Soler-Ramirez Angela , Rojas Jorge A. , Salazar Maria P.
Published: August 2020

Introducción: El síndrome IPEX (inmunodesregulación, poliendocrinopatía y enteropatía autoinmune ligada a X) causado por mutaciones en el gen FOXP3, se caracteriza por diarrea prolongada, alteraciones endocrinológicas y dermatitis. El tratamiento consiste en la administración de medicamentos inmunosupresores, siendo el trasplante de médula ósea la única cura potencial.Objetivo: Describir una nueva mutación del gen FOXP3, así como los hallazgos y evolución de un paciente con síndrome IPEX.Caso Clínico: Lactante menor masculino que debutó al mes de vida con diarrea crónica, falla intestinal e infecciones recurrentes. Exámenes de laboratorio y biopsia intestinal sugerentes de enteropatía autoinmune. Durante el seguimiento, el paciente presentó refractariedad al manejo inmunosupresor con esteroides, ciclosporina y tacrolimus, falleciendo a los 7 meses de edad por complicaciones vasculares. Antecedente familiar por línea materna de múltiples muertes en hombres menores de 1 año. Ante la sospecha de síndrome IPEX se realizó exoma en trío que reportó una mutación probablemente patogénica en el gen FOXP3.Conclusión: Se documentó una nueva mutación del gen FOXP3 en paciente con síndrome IPEX. A pesar de la baja prevalencia de esta enfermedad, es importante el reconocimiento de síntomas no específicos pero sugerentes del diagnóstico.
Aspectos éticos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en pediatría
Authors: Vega Toro Sebastián , Novoa Sotta Fernando
Published: August 2020

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha puesto de relieve diversos dilemas éticos propios de la atención de los pacientes en el día a día. Se analiza el contexto de crisis generado por la pandemia y se evalúan aspectos generales del análisis ético en la práctica clínica y en contexto de crisis sanitaria. Se revisan algunos aspectos éticos relevantes relacionados a la proporcionalidad de las medidas implementadas, al manejo paliativo y a propósito de los desafíos generados en el contexto de la escasez de recursos y los deberes profesionales, en relación a los pacientes infectados por COVID-19 y aquellos pacientes crónicos que ven postergada su atención ambulatoria.
PARTISIPASI ANGGOTA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) DALAM PROGRAM KAWASAN RUMAH PANGAN LESTARI (KRPL) DI KECAMATAN MERAWANG KABUPATEN BANGKA
Authors: Muthia Mitha , Evahelda Evahelda , Setiawan Iwan
Published: August 2020

Program KRPL merupakan salah satu program pemberdayaan masyarakat terhadap perempuan agar aktif berpartisipasi untuk memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan dan lahan sekitar secara intensif. Pengukuran tingkat partisipasi anggota KWT perlu dilakukan  untuk menunjang keberhasilan program KRPL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Mendeskripsikan tingkat partisipasi anggota KWT di Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka, (2) Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi anggota KWT dalam program KRPL di Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Desa Riding Panjang dan Desa Pagarawan Sejahterah, Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka dengan responden berjumlah 43 orang yang bergabung dalam anggota KWT. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif statistik dan analisis regresi liniear berganda. Indikator yang digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat partisipasi anggota KWT adalah pengambilan keputusan, pelaksanaan, pengambilan manfaat dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat partisipasi anggota KWT di Kecamatan Merawang menghasilkan nilai sebesar 63,50 persen yang tergolong dalam kategori tinggi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi anggota KWT dalam program KRPL di Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka adalah jumlah tanggungan keluarga, jenis pekerjaan, dan motivasi.
Challenges of New Healthcare Reform Act 2017 and Possible Rise of Defensive Medicine in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Yogesh , Dahal Ranjan , Bista Navindra Raj , Bista Sangita
Published: August 2020

Hippocratic oath, written 4th or 5th century BC, is still the binding mantra for physicians, which swears to fulfill to the best of one’s ability and judgement, and treat sick human beings not just illness. But with changing health trends in southeast Asia region, there is a dramatic shift in patients and patients’ party expectations regarding treatment, recovery, complications, and death. Such expectations havelead to violence against physicians and shift towards alternative medical practice. This article explores the possible rise of defensive medicine and its broader implications in health care system in Nepal with regard to the new ‘Muluki Aparadh Samhita Ain 2074/Criminal (Code) Act 2017’. Keywords: Changing health; criminal act; defensive medicine; muluki ain, Nepal.
Evaluating Sanitization of Toothbrushes Using Various Decontamination Methods: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Agrawal Santosh Kumari , Dahal Sirjana , Bhumika TV , Nair N. Sreekumaran
Published: August 2020

Toothbrushes play an essential role in personal oral hygiene by effective plaque removal.However, they get heavily contaminated by bacteria, viruses, yeasts, and fungi which may originate from the oral cavity after every use as well as from the environment where they are stored. This systematic review was conducted to identify various decontamination interventions attempted scientifically and it summarizes the efficacy of each. Meta-analysis illustrated that the use of Ultra-violet rays and Microwave had a significant effect on reduction of the microbial count of a used toothbrush with a mean difference of -2.61 and CI (-4.66,-0.76) with I2=98%. When compared with non-active treatment group, the natural agents (garlic, green tree and tea-tree oil) proved to sterilize the toothbrushes effectively with mean difference of -483.34, CI (-914.79, -51.88) and I2=100%.In contrast, chlorhexidine showed the insignificant result with a mean difference of -347.55 and CI (-951.90, 256.80) with I2=100%. The evidence from this review suggests that decontaminating toothbrush reduces bacterial load. Toothbrushes exposed to radiation and natural agents proved to sanitize them effectively but chlorhexidine rendered insignificant results.Keywords: Chemical agent; disinfection; radiation; microbial load; natural agent; toothbrush.
Peer Review for Scientific Journals: Challenges and Way Forward
Authors: Dangal Ganesh , Hamal Pawan Kumar , Dangal Ojash
Published: August 2020

NA
Consumption in the Globalization Context
Authors: Petrov I.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the cultural universalization of consumption in the context of globalization. It is shown that national communities today are not considered as political entities, but rather as economic entities, parts of the consumer market. Globalization leads to the creation of a single world, but not of an open and varied world. This world does not have a pluralistic and cosmopolitan view of itself and others, but, on the contrary, is rather a single commodity world. In it, local cultures and identities lose their roots and are replaced by symbols of the commodity world.
Cultural Pluralism and Globalization
Authors: Petrova S.
Published: August 2020

The article shows that modern processes of globalization are complexly structured and have not a simple configuration. By preventing globalization, countries strive to preserve their diversity, identity and cultural traditions. Cultural pluralism has become a pronounced feature of the world community. Within individual cultures, there are processes of increasing individual and group independence in determining cultural activities and cultural consumption.
Dynamics of the Population Provision With Sports Facilities and Its Prospects
Authors: Losev A. , Kaerova E. , Osipova N.
Published: August 2020

In this work, on the basis of statistical data of the Ministry of Physical Culture and Sports of Primorsky Krai, an analysis of the dynamics of the level of provision of the population of Primorsky Krai with sports facilities for 2013–2019. and a comparative forecast analysis for 2019–2024. It was established that the level of provision of the population with sports facilities does not have positive dynamics over the specified period of time. The most significant reasons for the current state of the sports sphere of the region were identified and a number of proposals aimed at its maintenance and development were formulated.
Biological Origin of Egoism in Human Behavior
Authors: Omelchanko E.
Published: August 2020

The article considers the biological principle of egoism in relation to human nature and the moral development of a person, criticism of the concepts of the selfishness of human nature. The different points of view of the professional psychologists are analyzed.
Spinal Cord Injuries the Facts of Neuropathology: Opportunities and Limitations
Authors: Kakulas Byron A
Published: August 2020

It is essential for research projects which are undertaken to find a “cure” for human spinal cord injury (SCI) to be consistent with the neuropathological facts of the disorder. In this respect there are three main points to be taken into account. Firstly, the researcher should be aware that simple transection of the spinal cord is not a feature of human SCI. The usual lesion is one of compression and disruption with haemorrhage. The second and most important aspect of human SCI is to understand that Wallerian degeneration inevitably ensues following disruption of the axon. Wallerian degeneration is progressive and inexorable and unlike the peripheral nervous system CNS axons do not regenerate. The third and more helpful fact is that in the majority (71%) of SCI autopsies a small amount of white matter, myelin and axons, was found to be preserved at the level of injury. Re-activation of these dormant, axons offers the opportunity for improvement of the SCI patient’s neurological status by means of restorative neurology (RN).
Racism revisited with a new approach
Authors: Meunier Yann A.
Published: August 2020

Racism is a scourge which has plagued societies for centuries. Its root cause can be found in the fear of others. Some authors have considered it as a mental disorder in its more severe forms. We approach it from a novel and highly actionable angle by comparing it to a transmissible disease, candidiasis, with which racism holds many essential similarities that we outline in details. We also suggest various ways to eradicate and mitigate racism through practical action plans.
Cell thermoregulation and origin of homeothermic animals
Authors: Ibraimov Abyt
Published: August 2020

Temperature has a fundamental influence in all chemical and biochemical reactions. It influences reaction rates, equilibrium amounts, viscosity, solubility, molecular arrangements and numeric other parameters. Temperature is important for all physiological processes. Maintaining the relative constancy of the internal temperature (temperature homeostasis) is a necessary condition for normal life. Some living beings maintain temperature homeostasis in the body due to external sources of energy (poikilothermy), others due to the energy of food consumption (homeothermy). However, it is unknown the origin of homeothermic organisms. Despite the fundamental similarity of the mechanisms of the central organ-based physiological thermoregulation, even among the higher vertebrates exists poikilothermy and homeothermy animals. It is assumed that homeothermy is not the result of the evolution of physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation. Homeothermy is the result of the evolution of non-coding DNAs in the genome, some of which formed the so-called chromosomal heterochromatin regions (HRs). Chromosomal HRs constitutes the material basis of cell thermoregulation, which is responsible for the removal of excess thermal energy from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Homeothermic organisms, unlike poikilotherms capable of faster and more efficient leveling of temperature difference between the nucleus and the cytoplasm with all the ensuing consequences.
Why the mechanisms of biological evolution are still not revealed?
Authors: Ibraimov Abyt
Published: August 2020

Since the days of Darwin, it is generally accepted that biological evolution rests on three pillars: variability, inheritance and selection. It is believed that main sources of variability, mechanisms of inheritance and forms of natural selection have been clarified. Nevertheless, for more than 150 years since the publication of “Origin of Species” no consensus as to the mechanisms of evolution emerged. It is highly likely that the main obstacle in elucidating the mechanisms of evolution is the incompleteness of our knowledge regarding the sources of biological variability. The following sources of variability are universally recognized: gene mutations, gene recombination during meiosis and gene duplication. However, the role of the non-genic part of the genome, which makes up the vast majority of DNA in eukaryotes, remains unclear. For example, in human chromosomes, about 98% of DNA is represented by non-coding nucleotide sequences (ncDNAs). Although no one excludes their possible role in evolution, nevertheless, studies aimed at elucidating the participation of the non-genic part of the genome in variability, inheritance and selection are extremely small. The possible role of ncDNAs in the origin of biological variability in the eukaryotic genome and their evolution is discussed.
Acute Infectious Bilateral Vasitis Complicated by Fournier’s gangrene
Authors: Efthimiou Ioannis , Katsigiannopoulos Dimitrios , Chousianitis Zacharias , Valaskatzi Argiro , Skrepetis Kostadinos
Published: August 2020

Acute infectious vasitis is a rare disease of inflammation of the vas deferens and spermatic cord and it is usually unilateral disease Herein we present a case of a 62-year-old male with acute infectious bilateral vasitis. The patient initially was managed conservatively with antibiotics. However, during the course, the scrotum became heavily inflamed, with the production of exudate and the formation of blisters and required surgical exploration. We performed debridement and left orchiectomy due to Fournier’s gangrene. Fortunately, the patient had an uneventful recovery. Vasitis is a rare disease which although it has a benign courses it may be complicated by Fournier’s gangrene. In such a case aggressive surgical treatment will resolve the situation.
Novel Design and Evaluation of an Automatic and Portable Phototherapy Device Using for Newborn Jaundice Treatment
Authors: Shirzadfar Hamidreza , Sheikhi Kowsar
Published: August 2020

Jaundice in infants is one of the most common diseases at birth. In preterm infants, the risk is more than 80%, and in term infants, the rate is reduced to about 60%. One of the most effective and low-risk ways to treat neonatal jaundice is the use of light therapy or phototherapy. Fluorescent lamps, tungsten halogen lamps, LEDs, optical fibers and etc are used in these devices. Bilirubin reacts to green light and blue light. The green light's wavelength is in the range of 570-495 nm. The blue light has a wavelength of 495-450 nm and an absorption range of 450 nm. Studies have found that the best light for phototherapy devices is a light that has the wavelength of 400 to 520 nm, and because the blue light absorption rate is about 450 nm, so it is used in phototherapy. In addition to its proper absorption rate, it also has antimicrobial activity against bacteria. It is difficult to determine the exact duration of the phototherapy, because each infant has his/her specific conditions and the exact duration cannot be determined generally.  Phototherapy should be continued until the bilirubin level in the baby's blood is sufficiently reduced, monitored by the supervision, and does not pose a threat to the baby. Phototherapy devices have different types, each with advantages over their predecessors. In existing models, because of their unique features like high sensitivity to bilirubin reduction, higher power, and efficiency, lighter, lower heat generation, lower cost and longer life devices, LED light sources are widely used in phototherapy devices. According to all the studies, we are looking for a device with proper coverage, portability, and moving the baby with the device without separating the baby from the baby as well as providing a quiet space for the mother and baby away from the hospital environment.
Current management of cholesterol for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in clinical medical practice
Authors: BANDO Hiroshi
Published: August 2020

N/A
Extracorporeal Immunoparmacotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Voinov V.A. , Voinova Ya.V.
Published: August 2020

This disease causes inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and periarticular structures associated with severe pain, joint stiffness up to ankylosis, and bone atrophy. The blood serum of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis contains high titres of antistreptokinase and anti-plasminogen autoantibodies of class IgG and IgA, as a rule after streptococcal infection. There are also antineutrophil autoantibodies – both anti-nuclear and cytoplasmic. Plasminogen synthesized by the liver is distributed in the vessels both internally and externally. At activation plasminogen turns in plasmin, regulating extracellular proteolytic activity, activating proteases. In these patient’s fibrinogen level is increased, and insoluble fibrin is found on the synovial membranes. Plasmin, in turn, inhibits the cartilages proteoglycan. All of it leads to destruction of the joints and the synovial membranes proliferation.
RADIOPROTECTOR AND GROWTH-STIMULATING PROPERTIES OF WATER-ALCOHOLIC EMULSION OF PROPOLIS
Authors: Gaponov Nikolay
Published: August 2020

The results of a study of the water-alcohol propolis emulsion on the body of young pigs are presented. According to the results of the studies, the positive effects of the preparation of the water-alcohol emulsion of the propolis on the costs of feed, nutrients, metabolic energy and radio-protective properties of the drug in the resulting pig products and offal were established. In recent years, a search has been conducted for new substances that do not cause side effects in conditions of chronic intake of radionuclides in small doses. As radioprotective agents, the most promising are those that, with moderate radioprotective effectiveness, do not cause side effects and increase the body's resistance. One of the promising tools in this regard may be propolis and preparations prepared on its basis. In this regard, the goal of research was; to study on young pigs radioprotective and growth-promoting properties of a water-alcohol emulsion of propolis. To achieve the goals, a scientific and economic experiment was conducted. Two groups of piglets nursery were formed, with an average live weight of 12.0 kg, with a period of setting the scientific and economic experience of 60 days. As a result of scientific and economic experiments, it was found that the growth rate of piglets during rearing in the experimental groups was higher, and the costs of feed units, metabolic energy and digestible protein were lower. In the slaughter products, a positive dynamics of the radioprotective properties of the propolis preparation was established.
WHITE LUPIN PROTECTION AGAINST DISEASE’S COMPLEX
Authors: PIMOHOVA Lyudmila , YaGOVENKO German , TSARAPNEVA Zhanna
Published: August 2020

Diseases are the main factor to decrease white lupin seed yield. Epiphytotic development of Fusarium occurs at lupin bud formation and flowering stagesunder soil drought conditions. Grey and white mold infect pods at high rain level in the second half of vegetation. The fungi disease anthracnose is the most harmful for lupin crops. Actual fungicides are necessary to protect white lupin crops; they have to be as well protective as to have cure action against disease’s complex without negative action for plants. The fungicide Vento (cresoxim-methyl 125 g/l + tebuconasol 140 g/l + epoxiconasol 116 g/l) at dose 1.0 l/ha has high effectiveness against anthracnose agent under laboratory and field conditions. The effectiveness of this dose against the disease was 94.1% under field conditions. At favorable conditions for disease development two treatments with the fungicide Vento decreases disease spreading and harmfulness for white lupin crops. At high level this fungicide protects white lupin plants against Fusarium and its pods against white and grey moldwhich significantly decreases seed yield losses. Thanks to the fungicide Vento saved yield made 1.95 t/ha during the experimental years. Costs’ payback for the fungicide’s use was 4.43 rubles per each invested one.
TO EVALUATION QUALITY OF BULKY FEED
Authors: Gaganov Anatoly
Published: August 2020

The main requirement for feeding livestock is its high intensity. The production of feed in accordance with the requirements of animals requires accurate measurement of their quantity and quality. Among the large number of traits that characterize plants, some of them can be considered as indicators that change in close connection with the productivity of animals. The concept of quality is close to the concept of feed nutrition. The feed product of a certain quality category must have the established digestibility and content of the main nutrients that are of primary importance for the productivity of animals. The modern system of standardization of bulky feeds is based on the technological features of their preparation and their chemical composition. It will not be enough to rely only on chemical composition indicators when developing standards. The economic component of the established parameters of the quality of bulky feed should also be taken into account. Standards should determine the degree of intensification of livestock production. The most important indicators for evaluating the quality of bulky feed should also include indicators that allow us to assess them most fully from the point of view of their impact on the productivity of animals. These indicators can be dry matter, raw protein — as the basis of protein nutrition, raw fiber — as an indicator of the digestibility of organic matter, and, accordingly, energy nutrition and consumption of dry matter. The substantiation of the quality classes of bulky feeds and their economic efficiency is given.
Transcriptional Activation of Matricellular Protein Spondin2 (SPON2) by BRG1 in Vascular Endothelial Cells Promotes Macrophage Chemotaxis
Authors: Li Nan , Liu Shuai , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Liming , Hu Yanjiang , Wu Teng , Fang Mingming , Xu Yong
Published: August 2020

The matricellular protein SPON2 plays diverse roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases. SPON2 is expressed in endothelial cells, but its transcription regulation in the context of atherogenesis remains incompletely appreciated. Here we report that SPON2 expression was up-regulated by pro-atherogenic stimuli (oxLDL and TNF-α) in vascular endothelia cells. In addition, endothelial SPON2 was elevated inApoe–/–mice fed on a Western diet compared to the control mice. Induction of SPON2 in endothelial cells by pro-atherogenic stimuli was mediated by BRG1, a chromatin remodeling protein, bothin vitroandin vivo. Further analysis revealed that BRG1 interacted with the sequence-specific transcription factor Egr-1 to activate SPON2 transcription. BRG1 contributed to SPON2trans-activation by modulating chromatin structure surrounding the SPON2 promoter. Functionally, activation of SPON2 transcription by the Egr-1/BRG1 complex provided chemoattractive cues for macrophage trafficking. SPON2 depletion abrogated the ability of BRG1 or Egr-1 to stimulate endothelial derived chemoattractive cue for macrophage migration. On the contrary, recombinant SPON2 rescued endothelial chemo-attractability in the absence of BRG1 or Egr-1. In conclusion, our data have identified a novel transcriptional cascade in endothelial cells that may potentially promote macrophage recruitment and vascular inflammation leading to atherogenesis.
Postscript for Special Issue “Advances in Hybrid Rocket Technology and Related Analysis Methodologies”
Authors: Carmicino Carmine
Published: August 2020

Since the Editorial [...]
Soil Health Impacts of Rubber Farming: The Implication of Conversion of Degraded Natural Forests into Monoculture Plantations
Authors: Nguyen Thu Thi , Do Truong Tat , Harper Richard , Pham Trang Thanh , Linh Tran Vu Khanh , Le Thai Son , Thanh Le Bao , Giap Nguyen Xuan
Published: August 2020

High revenues from rubber latex exports have led to a rapid expansion of commercial rubber cultivation and, as a consequence, the conversion of different land use types (e.g., natural forests) into rubber plantations, which may lead to a decrease in soil health. In this study in Quang Tri Province, Vietnam, we determined: (1) the variation of soil health parameters along a chronosequence of rubber tree stands and natural forests and (2) the relationships and potential feedback between vegetation types, vegetation structures and soil health. Our results revealed that: (1) soil health was higher in natural forests than in rubber plantations with a higher values in higher biomass forests; (2) soil health was lower in younger rubber plantations; (3) soil health depends on vegetation structure (with significantly positive relationships found between soil health and canopy cover, litter biomass, dry litter cover and ground vegetation cover). This study highlights the need for more rigorous land management practices and land use conversion policies in order to ensure the long-term conservation of soil health in rubber plantations.
Syk Kinase Inhibitors Synergize with Artemisinins by Enhancing Oxidative Stress in Plasmodium falciparum-Parasitized Erythrocytes
Authors: Tsamesidis Ioannis , Reybier Karine , Marchetti Giuseppe , Pau Maria Carmina , Virdis Patrizia , Fozza Claudio , Nepveu Francoise , Low Philip S. , Turrini Francesco Michelangelo , Pantaleo Antonella
Published: August 2020

Although artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria effectively throughout most of the world, the recent expansion of ACT-resistant strains in some countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) further increased the interest in improving the effectiveness of treatment and counteracting resistance. Recognizing that (1) partially denatured hemoglobin containing reactive iron (hemichromes) is generated in parasitized red blood cells (pRBC) by oxidative stress, (2) redox-active hemichromes have the potential to enhance oxidative stress triggered by the parasite and the activation of artemisinin to its pharmaceutically active form, and (3) Syk kinase inhibitors block the release of membrane microparticles containing hemichromes, we hypothesized that increasing hemichrome content in parasitized erythrocytes through the inhibition of Syk kinase might trigger a virtuous cycle involving the activation of artemisinin, the enhancement of oxidative stress elicited by activated artemisinin, and a further increase in hemichrome production. We demonstrate here that artemisinin indeed augments oxidative stress within parasitized RBCs and that Syk kinase inhibitors further increase iron-dependent oxidative stress, synergizing with artemisinin in killing the parasite. We then demonstrate that Syk kinase inhibitors achieve this oxidative enhancement by preventing parasite-induced release of erythrocyte-derived microparticles containing redox-active hemichromes. We also observe that Syk kinase inhibitors do not promote oxidative toxicity to healthy RBCs as they do not produce appreciable amounts of hemichromes. Since some Syk kinase inhibitors can be taken daily with minimal side effects, we propose that Syk kinase inhibitors could evidently contribute to the potentiation of ACTs.
An Instantaneous Correlation Coefficient and Simplified Coherent Averaging Method for Single-Channel Foetal ECG Extraction
Authors: Zhang Miao , Wei Guo
Published: August 2020

In this paper, an instantaneous correlation coefficient and simplified coherent averaging method for single-channel foetal ECG (FECG) extraction is proposed. The instantaneous correlation coefficient is used to determine the position of the R peak of the measured ECG signal, and the simplified coherent averaging method is used to extract the main information of the ECG signal. The loss of the nonlinear and nonstationary characteristics by coherent averaging is recovered by threshold processing of the residual signal. The FECG signal extraction is performed in three steps. In the first step, the main information of the maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) is extracted from the abdomen electrocardiogram (AECG) signal by means of the instantaneous correlation coefficient and simplified coherent averaging method, and then the noisy FECG is obtained by subtracting the MECG obtained by simplified coherent averaging from the AECG. The second step is to extract the main information of the FECG by applying the instantaneous correlation coefficient and simplified coherent averaging method to the noisy FECG. The remaining signal is obtained by subtracting the simplified coherent averaging FECG from the noisy FECG. Thirdly, the threshold method is utilised to remove MECG residual noise and random gross value noise from the remaining signal to extract the nonlinear and nonstationary information, and the final FECG extraction is obtained by adding the nonlinear and nonstationary information to the simplified coherent averaging FECG. The validity of the proposed method is verified by experiments using synthetic data and real database data. FECG extracted by the method has the advantages of clear QRS complex wave, reasonable enhancement of P wave and T wave morphology, and no loss of nonlinear and nonstationary characteristics.
Follow-Up Study Evaluating the Long Term Outcome of ChondroMimetic in the Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Knee
Authors: Berta Agnes , Shive Matthew S. , Lynn Andrew K. , Getgood Alan , Totterman Saara , Busby Grahame , Hollenstein Jerome , Vásárhelyi Gábor , Kéki Imre , Hangody László
Published: August 2020

Scaffolds are thought to be a key element needed for successful cartilage repair treatments, and this prospective extension study aimed to evaluate long-term structural and clinical outcomes following osteochondral defect treatment with a cell-free biphasic scaffold. Structural outcomes were assessed using quantitative 3-D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and morphological segmentation to determine the percentage of defect filling and repair cartilage T2 relaxation times, and clinical outcomes were determined with the modified Cincinnati Rating System, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Seventeen subjects with osteochondral defects in the knee were treated with ChondroMimetic scaffolds, from which 15 returned for long-term evaluation at a mean follow-up of 7.9 ± 0.3 years. The defects treated were trochlear donor sites for mosaicplasty in 13 subjects, and medial femoral condyle defects in 2 subjects. MRI analysis of scaffold-treated defects found a mean total defect filling of 95.2 ± 3.6%, and a tissue mean T2 relaxation time of 52.5 ± 4.8 ms, which was identical to the T2 of ipsilateral control cartilage (52.3 ± 9.2 ms). The overall modified Cincinnati Rating System score was statistically significant from baseline (p = 0.0065), and KOOS subscales were equivalent to other cartilage repair techniques. ChondroMimetic treatment resulted in a consistently high degree of osteochondral defect filling with durable, cartilage-like repair tissue at 7.9 years, potentially associated with clinical improvement.
Operational Response to Volcanic Ash Risks Using HOTVOLC Satellite-Based System and MOCAGE-Accident Model at the Toulouse VAAC
Authors: Gouhier Mathieu , Deslandes Mathieu , Guéhenneux Yannick , Hereil Philippe , Cacault Philippe , Josse Béatrice
Published: August 2020

In 2010, the Eyjafjallajökull volcano erupted, generating an ash cloud causing unprecedented disruption of European airspace. Despite an exceptional situation, both the London and Toulouse Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAAC) provided critical information on the location of the cloud and on the concentration of ash, thus contributing to the crisis management. Since then, substantial efforts have been carried out by the scientific community in order to improve remote sensing techniques and numerical modeling. Satellite instruments have proven to be particularly relevant for the characterization of ash cloud properties and a great help in the operational management of volcanic risk. In this study, we present the satellite-based system HOTVOLC developed at the Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) using Meteosat geostationary satellite and designed for real-time monitoring of active volcanoes. After a brief presentation of the system we provide details on newly developed satellite products dedicated to the ash cloud characterization. This includes, in particular, ash cloud altitude and vertical column densities (VCD). Then, from the Stromboli 2018 paroxysm, we show how HOTVOLC can be used in a timely manner to assist the Toulouse VAAC in the operational management of the eruptive crisis. In the second part of the study, we provide parametric tests of the MOCAGE-Accident model run by the Toulouse VAAC from the April 17 Eyjafjallajökull eruption. For this purpose, we tested a range of eruption source parameters including the Total Grain Size Distribution (TGSD), the eruptive column profile, the top plume height and mass eruption rate (MER), as well as the fine ash partitioning. Finally, we make a comparison on this case study between HOTVOLC and MOCAGE-Accident VCD.
Dietary Flavonoids in p53—Mediated Immune Dysfunctions Linking to Cancer Prevention
Authors: Siddiqui Shoib Sarwar , Rahman Sofia , Rupasinghe H.P. Vasantha , Vazhappilly Cijo George
Published: August 2020

The p53 protein plays a central role in mediating immune functioning and determines the fate of the cells. Its role as a tumor suppressor, and in transcriptional regulation and cytokine activity under stress conditions, is well defined. The wild type (WT) p53 functions as a guardian for the genome, while the mutant p53 has oncogenic roles. One of the ways that p53 combats carcinogenesis is by reducing inflammation. WT p53 functions as an anti-inflammatory molecule via cross-talk activity with multiple immunological pathways, such as the major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI) associated pathway, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and immune checkpoints. Due to the multifarious roles of p53 in cancer, it is a potent target for cancer immunotherapy. Plant flavonoids have been gaining recognition over the last two decades to use as a potential therapeutic regimen in ameliorating diseases. Recent studies have shown the ability of flavonoids to suppress chronic inflammation, specifically by modulating p53 responses. Further, the anti-oxidant Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway could play a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress, leading to a reduction of chronic inflammation linked to the prevention of cancer. This review aims to discuss the pharmacological properties of plant flavonoids in response to various oxidative stresses and immune dysfunctions and analyzes the cross-talk between flavonoid-rich dietary intake for potential disease prevention.
Finding a Jill for JAK: Assessing Past, Present, and Future JAK Inhibitor Combination Approaches in Myelofibrosis
Authors: Kuykendall Andrew T. , Horvat Nathan P. , Pandey Garima , Komrokji Rami , Reuther Gary W.
Published: August 2020

Myelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm hallmarked by the upregulation of the Janus kinase (JAK)—signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway with associated extramedullary hematopoiesis and a high burden of disease-related symptoms. While JAK inhibitor therapy is central to the management of MF, it is not without limitations. In an effort to improve treatment for MF patients, there have been significant efforts to identify combination strategies that build upon the substantial benefits of JAK inhibition. Early efforts to combine agents with additive therapeutic profiles have given way to rationally designed combinations hoping to demonstrate clinical synergism and modify the underlying disease. In this article, we review the preclinical basis and existing clinical data for JAK inhibitor combination strategies while highlighting emerging strategies of particular interest.
Elderly Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: Open or Laparoscopic Approach?
Authors: Kim Jong Man , Kim Sangjin , Rhu Jinsoo , Choi Gyu-Seong , Kwon Choon Hyuck David , Joh Jae-Won
Published: August 2020

It remains unclear whether the short-term benefits and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) accrue to elderly patients with medical comorbidities. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes between LLR and open liver resection (OLR) in elderly patients (≥65 years) with solitary, treatment-naïve solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). From January 2013 to August 2017, 256 elderly patients with solitary treatment-naive HCC underwent liver resection. All patients were Child–Pugh class A and older than 65 years. The OLR and LLR groups contained 160 and 96 patients, respectively. The median tumor size in the OLR group was significantly larger than that in the LLR group (3.9 vs. 2.6 cm), but the tumor size did not differ between the two groups after matching. The median operation time, blood loss, transfusion rate, and postoperative complications in the OLR group did not differ from those in the LLR group, but the operation time in the LLR group was longer than that in the OLR group after matching. The median hospitalization in the LLR group was significantly shorter than that in the OLR group. Disease-free survival (DFS) in the LLR group was better than that in the OLR group before and after matching, but the difference was not significant. Patient survival (PS) in the LLR group was similar to that in the OLR group. LLR is feasible and safe for elderly patients with solitary, treatment-naïve HCC. The short- and long-term benefits of LLR are evident in geriatric oncological liver surgery patients.