bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VALUASI JUMLAH AIR DI EKOSISTEM LAHAN GAMBUT DENGAN DATA LANDSAT 8 OLI/TIRS (WATER CONTENT VALUATION IN PEATLAND ECOSYSTEM BY USING LANDSAT 8 OLI/TIRS)
Authors: Risdiyanto Idung , Wahid Alan Nur
Published: February 2018

The water content of peatland ecosystems stored as gasses in the air and as liquid in the peat soil and vegetation. The presence of water was influential to the value of spectral radians received by satellite sensors. Objective of study were develop empirical model to be applied in the Landsat 8 satellite imagery interpretation to estimate water content of peatland ecosystem. Method consisted of field measurements and satellite data interpretation. Field activities aimed to obtain weather parameters such as radiation, air temperature, surface temperature, evapotranspiration (ET), relative humidity (RH), soil water content (KAT), and biomass for each land cover in peatland ecosystems. Field measurements results were used to validate the parameters derived from Landsat 8 satellite data. Water content in the air was assessed by the ET and RH, in the soil was assessed by soil heat flux (G) and in the vegetation by biomass. The results of the validation of the data field measurement with Landsat 8 showed only ET (r2 = 0.71), RH (r2 = 0.71), and biomass (r2 = 0.87) had a strong relationship, while between G and KAT had weak relationship. Conclusion of this study indicated Landsat 8 satellite data could be used to calculate the water content in the air and vegetation. Thus, estimating water content in the peatland ecosystem with satellite data can only be done on the surface. AbstrakEkosistem lahan gambut menyimpan air dalam bentuk gas di udara, dan cair dalam tanah gambut dan vegetasi. Keberadaannya mempengaruhi nilai spektral radians yang diterima oleh sensor satelit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan model empirik yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk interpretasi citra satelit dalam pendugaan jumlah air di ekosistem lahan gambut. Metode penelitian terdiri dari pengukuran lapangan dan interpretasi data satelit LANDSAT 8. Parameter cuaca seperti radiasi, suhu udara, suhu permukaan, evapotranspirasi (ET), kelembaban udara (RH), kadar air tanah (KAT) dan biomassa diukur di lapangan pada setiap jenis tutupan lahan. Hasil-hasil pengukuran lapangan digunakan untuk memvalidasi parameter-parameter yang diturunkan dari data satelit LANDSAT 8. Jumlah air di udara yang dinilai dari ET dan RH, jumlah air di tanah dinilai dengan laju pemanasan tanah (G) dan jumlah air di vegetasi dengan biomassa. Hasil validasi antara data lapangan dengan data LANDSAT 8 menunjukkan hanya nilai ET (r2=0,71), RH (r2=0,71), dan biomassa ((r2=0,87) mempunyai hubungan yang kuat, sedangkan nilai G tidak mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dengan KAT. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa data satelit LANDSAT 8 hanya dapat digunakan untuk menghitung jumlah air yang tersimpan di udara dan vegetasi. Oleh karena itu, pendugaan jumlah air di ekosistem lahan gambut dengan data satelit hanya dapat dilakukan di atas permukaan.
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Nilai-Nilai Moral Anak Usia Dini dengan Pendekatan Psikologis di IGABA (Ikatan Guru Bustanul Athfal) Banyumas
Authors: Z Zakiyah , Hasan Ibnu
Published: February 2018

Pengabdian  berjudul : “Pelatihan Pembelajaran Nilai-nilai Moral Anak Usia Dini dengan Pendekatan Psikologis di IGABA (Ikatan Guru Bustanul Athfal Aisyah) Banyumas” bertujuan untuk memberikan tiga bekal pada mitra, yaitu : 1. Pemahaman dan wawasannya dengan pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini berdasarkan pendekatan psikologis; 2. Memberikan kemampuan dan keterampilan yang memadai tentang pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini dengan pendekatan psikologis sehingga pembelajaran akan semakin berhasil; 3.  Kemampuan praktek langsung pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini dengan pendekatan psikologis. Mitra yang dilibatkan adalah 40 guru yang terdaftar di IGABA (Ikatan Guru Bustanul Athfal Aisyiyah). Metode pelaksanaan dengan menggunakan metode komprehensif, dalam arti melibatkan mitra sejak awal pelaksanaan sampai akhir pengabdian yakni dengan cara mengajak mitra mengidendifikasi persoalan-persoalan yang menyangkut kesulitan mitra dalam hal pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini. Disamping  itu  melibatkan  mitra  untuk  ikut  terlibat  langsung dalam kegiatan dengan cara memberikan kesempatan yang seluas-luasnya kepada mitra untuk bertanya, menanggapi dan berbagi pengalaman. Langkah kegiatan meliputi : 1. orientasi materi dengan cara pemaparan materi oleh narasumber; 2. memberikan contoh kongkrit pendekatan psikologis dalam pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini; 3. memberikan praktek langsung pendekatan psikologis dalam pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral usia diniHasil kegiatan menujukkan tiga hal, yaitu : 1. Bertambahnya pemahaman dan wawasan yang komprehensif mitra tentang pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini dengan pendekatan psikologis, dibuktikan dari hasil wawancara 95 % mitra mengatakan pemahaman dan wawasannya bertambah; 2. Tingkat kemampuan dan ketrampilan mitra tentang pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini dengan pendekatan psikologis juga meningkat terbukti dari hasil wawancara 85% mitra meningkat kemampuan dan ketrampilannya; 3. Kemampuan mitra saat praktek langsung pembelajaran nilai-nilai moral anak usia dini dengan pendekatan psikologis juga memadai terbukti dari hasil observasi 85% mitra mampu melaksanakan praktek
Kesabaran dan Regulasi Emosi pada Pasien Pasca Stroke
Authors: Kencono Retno Ayu
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kesabaran terhadap regulasi emosi pada pasien pasca stroke. Instrumen pengumpul data adalah skala kesabaran dan skala regulasi emosi. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 64 pasien pasca stroke di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Poli Saraf RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Uji validitas data menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment, sedangkan uji reliabilitas menggunakan teknik alpha cronbach. Hasil try out alat ukur menunjukkan  bahwa skala kesabaran memiliki skor validitas yang bergerak dari 0,325 sampai 0,690 dengan 51 butir pernyataan yang valid dan mendapat skor reliabilitas sebesar 0,933. Pada skala regulasi emosi diperoleh skor validitas yang bergerak dari 0,316 sampai 0,525 dengan 50 butir pernyataan yang dinyatakan valid dan mendapatkan skor reliabilitas 0,899. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana. Hasil analisis data diperoleh F hitung sebesar 54,380 dengan signifikasi 0,000 dengan hasil penelitian ada pengaruh kesabaran terhadap regulasi emosi pada pasien pasca stroke. Hasil tersebut menunjukan pengaruh yang positif antara kesabaran dengan regulasi pada pasien pasca stroke dengan taraf signifikansi 1% maka  p=0,000 (p<0,01) dan diperoleh sumbangan efektif 46,7% dan 53,3 faktor lain yang tidak diteliti.  Kata kunci: Kesabaran, Regulasi Emosi, Pasien Pasca Stroke
Kontrak Psikologis pada Karyawan Kontrak Bagian Marketing Di PT Nasmoco Purwokerto
Authors: Anjar Aditya , Dwiyanti Retno
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kontrak psikologis pada karyawan kontrak bagian marketing di PT Nasmoco Purwokerto. Kontrak Psikologis terbagi menjadi tiga dimensi yaitu transactional contract, relational contract dan balanced contract. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan kontrak bagian marketing yang berjumlah 30 orang. Uji validitas data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik korelasi Product Moment, sedangkan uji reliabilitas menggunakan Alpha Croncbach. Skor validitas untuk skala kontrak psikologis bergerak dari aitem terkecil sampai aitem terbesar yaitu r= 0,385 sampai r=0,744 dengan skor reliabilitas sebesar α = 0,926. Penelitian mengungkap bahwa Kontrak Psikologis karyawan kontrak bagian marketing di PT Nasmoco berada pada dimensi transactional contract dengan perincian pada dimensi transactional contract terdapat 26 subyek, pada kategori dimensi relational contract terdapat 1 subyek, dan pada dimensi balanced contract terdapat 3 subyek. Kata Kunci : Kontrak Psikologis, Transactional Contract, Relational Contract, Balance  Contract
Penerapan Layanan Informasi Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Fataruba Djahra
Published: February 2018

Teaching and learning activities required stimulation. Such stimuli can be realized with the use of visuals in education. The visuals in teaching can be called information services. For that in using information services teachers should have sufficient knowledge and understanding of information services. This study aims to find and describe; (1) The use of information services in teaching and learning activities in order to increase student's interest and (2) The impact of the use of information services in Teaching and Learning Activities of Personal and Social Guidance Sessions The Importance of Managing Time at Students. This research is focused on action research in teaching and learning activities by using information service conducted on the students. The method used is unstructured in-depth interviews conducted to teachers and students, because in unstructured wawacara information will be obtained as much as possible despite the secret and sensitive nature, and allows recorded all informant affective responses that appear during the interview Take place. The results showed that the learning approach with information service (visual) in teaching and learning activities, can improve students' learning motivation in teaching and learning activities that affect the interest of students. The conclusion obtained in this study that by using media service information in teaching and learning activities, showed that the activity, motivation, and student learning achievement, has increased, so it can be confirmed that with the use of information services in Teaching and learning activities have a positive impact on student learning, because generally students prefer to see information services rather than pay attention to writing that has not been understood and understood. In the end media information services is the best solution for students in achieving learning objectives.
Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Teknik Sosiodrama Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Perilaku Bullying di Sekolah
Authors: Kurniawan Drajat Edy , Pranowo Taufik Agung
Published: February 2018

Bullying behavior is a behavior that many found among people in recent times. Many argue that bullying behaviors include behaviors that aim to intimidate others, discredit others, and even injure others. Different forms of bullying behaviors, some of which include bullying, threatening, mocking, calling offensive calls, and isolating or alienating others in a group. There are many impacts of bullying behavior, including individuals who become inferior, depressed, depressed, or even self-rebellious and revengeful. Such impacts will be harmful to others as well as to the individuals concerned. Therefore it is necessary to attempt to overcome the bullying behavior. One way that can be used is through the application of group guidance with sociodrama technique. Sociodrama is one of group guidance techniques. Through sociodrama, individuals will be invited to play a role to train their ability to deal with bullying behavior in accordance with the drama theme being played.
A brief overview and metallography for commonly used materials in aero jet engine construction
Authors: Belan Juraj , Vaško Alan , Kuchariková Lenka
Published: February 2018

Aluminium, titanium, and nickel base alloys are mostly and widely used for aircraft jet engine construction. A proper evaluation of its microstructure is important from working safety point of view. To receive a well prepared sample of microstructure, some important steps have to be undertaken. Except for proper grinding and polishing of a sample, structure developing is a significant step, too. In order to develop microstructure various chemical reagents were used to achieve the best results for microstructure evaluation. The chemical reagents were used according to the previous knowledge and some new ones were also tested. Aluminium AK4-1č, titanium VT – 8, and nickel VŽL – 14 and ŽS6 – U alloys were used as an experimental materials. Alloy AK4-1č is used for fan blade production with working temperatures up to 300°C. It is a forged piece of metal machined down into final shape by five-axe milling machine. Alloy VT – 8 is used for high pressure compressor rotor blade production with working temperatures up to 500°C. Blades are forged as well and finally grinded. Finally nickel base alloys VŽL – 14 and ŽS6 – U are used for turbine blade production with working temperatures up 950°C. Blades for turbine are casted into mould with reducible models.
Occupational health and safety management with the use of brainstorming method
Authors: Woźny Artur , Saja Piotr , Dobosz Magdalena , Kucęba Robert
Published: February 2018

Health and safety at work issue concerns every employer. Adjusting the work environment to legal requirements and standards is the key to creating health and safety culture. In every functioning OSH system there are various types of problems that employers face. The subject of the article is how to solve the problem of safety in production systems using the brainstorming method. The basic element of creating health and safety culture is an appropriate approach to occupational risk management. Risk assessment in the workplace should take place in teams as it is possible to reliably identify hazards and accurately assess them.
Difficulties in work safety management in a company producing steel flat bars
Authors: Niciejewska Marta
Published: February 2018

According to research, metal processing industry has the highest risk of accidents at work, due to the necessity for personal protective equipment use and strict execution of safety rules and procedures. The paper presents the individual characteristics of health and safety management in the company producing steel flat bars. Special attention has been paid to the safety aspect of the use of automated logistical equipment (gantries, automatics) that increase the risk of work-related accidents. The results of research on the difficulties resulting from the specifics of production (metallurgical industry) has been presented.
Improving production of low pressure hoses
Authors: Sygut Piotr , Krynke Marek
Published: February 2018

The paper presents the results of research carried out in one of the domestic companies producing rubber and plastics products for the automotive industry. The results of the evaluation of the quality control function during production of the low pressure hoses and the characteristics of the main machine taking part in this production process are presented. An analysis of the results of the evaluation of factors influencing the quality of production is presented and guidelines for improving this production process are presented. One of the proposed solutions for improvement is the modernization of the machine park and introduction of production nests.
Subklinik Laminitis ile İlgili Araştırmalar
Authors: ÇEÇEN Göksen
Published: February 2018

 Tüm dünyada kabul edildiği üzere, topallıklar sığırlar için ciddi bir refah sorunudur. Sığır topallıklarının şekillenmesinde laminitis’in subklinik formunun önemli bir rol oynadığı kabul edilir. Hastalığın bu formu yaygın olup, teşhisi ise oldukça güçtür. Hayvanların bireysel olarak sağaltımları pratik olmadığı için, sürü genelinde hastalığa karşı gerekli tedbirler alınmalıdır. 

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Outbreak of Peracute Urea Toxicosis in Sheep Following the Consumption of New Packages of Grain Barley
Authors: ORUÇ Hasan Hüseyin , ÇELİK Meltem , ŞAHİNTÜRK Pınar , GENÇOĞLU Hıdır
Published: February 2018

 The objective of this report was to describe peracute urea poisoning deaths in 84 Ile de France and Merinos breed sheep due to following the consumption of new packages of grain barley on July 30, 2014 in Ivrindi, Balıkesir, Turkey. The owner of the sheep and a local veterinarian reported that in the farm there were in total 800 sheep, and 325 of animals were fed with new packages of grain barleys and 84 of which were observed dead after feeding in three-four hours. Clinical signs in all affected animals prior to death were uneasiness and ataxia, incoordination, grinding teeth, salivation, severe struggling and bellowing, abdominal bloat, lateral re-cumbence, convulsions, and deaths occurred in one and half hour after first clinical signs. The presences of white urea particles were intensive especially at the bottom of the packages of barley. Urea, crude protein, nitrate and nitrite analysis were performed in barley samples. Analysed barley samples had quite high urea concentration (8.76%) and crude protein (27.81%). Anamnesis, clinical signs and laboratory analysis indicated peracute urea poisoning in sheep. 

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Should Pregnancy Be Considered a (Temporary) Disability?
Authors: Shapiro Devora
Published: February 2018

To claim a disability is not something one ought to do lightly. Pregnancy, however, presents a very difficult and interesting case. Pain, discomfort, and inconvenience are often daily aspects of pregnancy, and pregnancy itself can cause physical, as well as social, impediments that substantially interfere with one's day-to-day work and life. The kind of “pregnancy-related disability” that is built into current laws falls short of addressing the real question of whether pregnancy itself, rather than certain conditions brought on by pregnancy, ought to be understood as a temporary disability. I suggest here that pregnancy may, at present, warrant such designation.
Effect of Inner Air Flow on the Aero-dynamics of the Car
Authors: Petrov Alexandr
Published: February 2018

The increase of frontal aerodynamic drag of the car, connected with the move of the air flow through the engine bay depends on various factors. Among them there’s an interference of inner and outer air flow, which leads to the alteration of pressure on the surface of the car body in the front part of the car. The nature of this phenomenon, associated with the move of the air flow through the engine bay, is connected with the increase of pressure around inlet openings and with the increase of rarefaction on the surface of the car body, situated at an angle to the oncoming airflow. As a result of investigations, it was found that the degree of influence internal air flow on aerodynamic drag depends on the design and shape of the car body, but mainly by the air consumption through the engine bay.
Evaluation of Automated Enforcement Program in Amman
Authors: Naghawi Hana , Al Qatawneh Bushra , Al Louzi Rabab
Published: February 2018

This study aims, in a first attempt, to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Automated Enforcement Program (AEP) to improve traffic safety in Amman, Jordan. The evaluation of the program on crashes and violations was examined based on a “before-and-after” study using the paired t-test at 95 percent confidence level. Twenty one locations including signalized intersections monitored by red light cameras and arterial roads monitored by excessive speed cameras were selected. Nine locations were used to study the effectiveness of the program on violations, and twelve locations were used to determine the effectiveness of the program on frequency and severity of crashes. Data on number and severity of crashes were taken from Jordan Traffic Institution. Among the general findings, it was found that the AEP was generally associated with positive impact on crashes. Crash frequency was significantly reduced by up to 63%. Crash severities were reduced by up to 62.5%. Also, traffic violations were significantly reduced by up to 66%.  Finally, drivers’ opinion and attitude on the program was also analyzed using a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire survey revealed that 35.5% of drivers are unaware of AEP in Amman, 63.9% of drivers don’t know the camera locations, most drivers knew about excessive speed and red light running penalties, most drivers reduce their speed at camera locations, 44.4% of drivers think that the program satisfies its objective in improving traffic safety and 52% of drivers encourage increasing the number of camera devices in Amman.
A Study on Tidal Potential and Tide Generating Force
Authors: Rahman M Mizanur , Paul Gour Chandra , Hoque Ashabul
Published: February 2018

This study deals with the derivation of tidal potential and tide generating forces. Tidal potential is derived from the gravitational attraction of masses of the moon and the sun and from this potential tide generating forces are derived taking its horizontal gradients.GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 37 (2017) 29-37
Study on Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors of Matrices : An Iterative Approach
Authors: Jamali ARM Jalal Uddin , Haque Md Hasibul , Alam Md Sah
Published: February 2018

Power method is frequently used for finding largest Eigen-pair. On the other hand, Inverse Power method is utilized to find smallest Eigen-pair. Using shifting property, Power method and/or Inverse Power method can be used to find out other desired Eigen pairs too. Several lemmas based on Power method with shifting property are presented here. Moreover, a Modified Hybrid Iterative Algorithm based upon both Power method and Inverse Power method is proposed to find both largest and smallest Eigen-pairs simultaneously with ease. Several experiments have been performed to investigate the robustness and effectiveness of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm is able to find both (largest and smallest) Eigen-pairs successfully and efficiently. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is able to find out the nature (positive and negative sign) of the Eigen values and in some cases the algorithm is also able to find out the second largest Eigen pair in consequence.GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 37 (2017) 51-61
Numerical study of Unsteady Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Through a Rotating Curved Rectangular Channel
Authors: Islam Md Zohurul , Arifuzzaman Md , Mondal Rabindra Nath
Published: February 2018

Numerical study of unsteady fluid flow and heat transfer through a rotating curved rectangular channel with aspect ratio 2 and curvature ratio 0.05 has been performed by using a spectral-based numerical method, and covering a wide range of the rotational parameter, the Taylor number Ta, for both the positive and negative rotation of the channel. In this paper, unsteady flow characteristics are investigated under combined action of the centrifugal, Coriolis and buoyancy forces for the Dean number De = 1000. For positive rotation, we investigated unsteady solutions for 0 ≤Ta ≤500, and it is found that the chaotic flow turns into steady-state flow through periodic or multi-periodic flows. For negative rotation, on the other hand, unsteady solutions are investigated for –500 ≤Ta≤0, and it is found that the unsteady flow undergoes through various flow instabilities. Typical contours of secondary flow patterns and temperature profiles are obtained at several values of Ta, and it is found that the unsteady flow consists of asymmetric two- to eightvortex solutions. The present study shows that convective heat transfer is significantly enhanced as the secondary flow becomes stronger and the chaotic flow enhances heat transfer more effectively than the steady-state or periodic solutions.GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 37 (2017) 73-92
A Note on α-multipliers of Prime Rings
Authors: Kim Kyung Ho
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we investigate the commutativity of prime rings admitting α-multipliers of R satisfying certain identities and some related results have also been discussed.GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 37 (2017) 93-98
Study of nail changes in psoriasis
Authors: Rahman Md Moksedur , Abdullah Md , Nessa Moriom , Siddiqui Muhammad Afsar , Rahman Md Zillur , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Sultana Shahanaj , Hossain Md Moazzem
Published: February 2018

Background: Psoriasis is a common, chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease of the skin. Clinically, disease can present with cutaneous and nail lesions. Both fingernails and toenails may be affected.Objectives: The present study was conducted to study the abnormal nail changes in patients with psoriasis and to find correlation between nail changes and some clinical parameters.Materials & Methods: The study was undertaken in Skin & VD outpatient department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi. One hundred patients of psoriasis of all age and both sexes were enrolled for studying the nail changes, in whom diagnosis of psoriasis was made clinically. In any case of abnormalities clinically suspected of fungal infection, further mycological investigations were performed.Results: Nail changes were present in 60 patients (60%, P<0.05) with psoriasis. Pitting was the most common finding on fingernails (70%), followed by onycholysis (35%). Subungual hyperkeratosis was the most common finding in toenails (34.37%). A very strong association was seen between nail changes and joint pain. There was positive correlation between nail abnormalities and duration of psoriasis.Conclusion: Nail involvement is common in patients with psoriasis. Pitting, onycholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis are the most frequent nail changes in psoriatic patients.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-2, Jan 2018, Page 24-26
From London to Leipzig and Back: A Transnational Approach to the Endzeit (R)Evolution (1976–92)
Authors: Schrijnders Marlene
Published: February 2018

Twenty-five years ago, just as the Cold War ended with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the suitably-titled West German goth fanzine Glasnost announced that a festival called Wave-Gotik-Treffen was to be held in the East German city of Leipzig. Today, the Wave-Gotik-Treffen is the biggest such festival in the world. Initially, however, its significance lay in allowing East and West German goths to meet and dance together, revealing differences in their respective experiences and understanding of the dark subculture. This article will examine two inter-related questions. First, what was the relationship between ‘goth’, as a music and aesthetic, across the frontier of the cold war? Second, to what extent were the goth subcultures of East and West Germany informed by and understood in relation to the original goth subculture emergent within the UK? The article will feed into the debate on the politics of youth culture, but also on the ways by which subcultural meanings and identities are transmitted and redefined across national borders.
Derivation in Functional Discourse Grammar: Some challenges and implications
Authors: Keizer Evelien
Published: February 2018

One distinctive feature of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) is that it distinguishes two types of derivational processes: Lexical derivation, which takes place in the lexicon, and syntactic derivation, which takes place in the grammar. The aim of this paper is to consider some of the implications of this approach by addressing three major issues: i) on the basis of which criteria do we decide which derivational processes are lexical and which are syntactic, ii) how does the FDG approach deal with recursive processes of derivation, and iii) how do these two derivational processes interact with other types of word formation, such as compounding, conversion and back-formation.
Self-prefixed verbs: Analogy in the Functional Discourse Grammar lexicon
Authors: Mackenzie J. Lachlan
Published: February 2018

This article takes an analogy-based approach to the analysis of morphological derivation in the framework of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG), giving an account of English verbs with the prefix self-. Such self-prefixed verbs call on different lexical frames, namely one-place, two-place and two- and three-place reflexive frames. Their use stands in a complex relation with either reflexive or intensifying interpretations, or indeed both. In two-place frames, where the self-prefixed verb takes an object or other complement, that object/complement is bound by the subject. Various factors predisposing speakers to use self-prefixed verbs are considered, outlining how these relate to other self-prefixed lexemes in a network of analogical relations.
Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol on a Strontium-Based Gold Material: Remarkable Intrinsic Basicity and Reusable Catalyst
Authors: Patrícia R. Castro Karla , Aurélio S. Garcia Marco , C. de Abreu Wiury , Anderson A. de Sousa Samuel , Verônica R. de Moura Carla , Cláudio S. Costa Jean , M. de Moura Edmilson
Published: February 2018

The development of stable and active gold catalysts has arisen as a significant strategy for oxidation of alcohols. Nano-size PVA-stabilized gold nanoparticles immobilized on Sr(OH)2 by colloidal deposition presented high catalytic activity for benzyl alcohol oxidation. In 2.5 h, 2 bar of O2 and without extra-base addition, the calcined support reached 54.6% (100 °C) and 67.4% (140 °C) of conversion, presenting the remarkable and unexplored intrinsic basicity that strontium-based materials retain. With sub-stoichiometric K2CO3 adding, under the same catalytic conditions, the catalyst conducted the reaction with similar activity, but with excellent reusability in the process, without any gold leaching. We investigated the influence that the support synthesis method and the solvent used for the NPs stabilization have on the oxidation activity. The produced materials were fully characterized by XPS, Rietveld refinement, and TEM.
Exploring the Emotion of Disgust: Differences in Smelling and Feeling
Authors: Stafford Lorenzo , Fleischman Diana , Le Her Nicholas , Hummel Thomas
Published: February 2018

Disgust evolved to motivate humans away from disease cues and may heighten discernment of these cues. Disease cues are often best perceived through our sense of smell, however very few studies have examined how eliciting disgust influences smell intensity or valence. In two novel experiments we investigated how domains of disgust induction influence odor perception. In experiment 1 participants (n = 90) were randomly allocated to one of two kinds of Disgust Induction (DI): Pathogen (DI-P), Moral (DI-M) or a Control (DI-C), followed by an evaluation of three affectively distinct odors (disgust-related, neutral, liked). Using a modified procedure in experiment 2, participants (n = 70) were again randomly assigned to one of the three disgust induction conditions, but here they evaluated one (disgust-related) odor during disgust induction. In experiment 2 we also measured feelings of disgust and anger. In experiment 1, surprisingly, we found overall ratings of odor disgust were lower in the DI-P compared to other groups, whereas in experiment 2, odor disgust was higher in the DI-P versus the DI-M/DI-C conditions, which also differed from each other. We also found that whereas feelings of disgust were higher in DI-P, in contrast, anger was higher for those individuals in the DI-M condition. These findings suggest that compared to a Control condition, inducing state Pathogen and Moral disgust lead to higher perceived odor disgust, whereas feelings of disgust/anger yield divergent effects. The work here also demonstrates that methodologies utilizing odor perception (disgust) can be a useful addition to measuring changes in state disgust.
Mesoscopic Moment Equations for Heat Conduction: Characteristic Features and Slow–Fast Mode Decomposition
Authors: Bergamasco Luca , Alberghini Matteo , Fasano Matteo , Cardellini Annalisa , Chiavazzo Eliodoro , Asinari Pietro
Published: February 2018

In this work, we derive different systems of mesoscopic moment equations for the heat-conduction problem and analyze the basic features that they must hold. We discuss two- and three-equation systems, showing that the resulting mesoscopic equation from two-equation systems is of the telegraphist’s type and complies with the Cattaneo equation in the Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics Framework. The solution of the proposed systems is analyzed, and it is shown that it accounts for two modes: a slow diffusive mode, and a fast advective mode. This latter additional mode makes them suitable for heat transfer phenomena on fast time-scales, such as high-frequency pulses and heat transfer in small-scale devices. We finally show that, if proper initial conditions are provided, the advective mode disappears, and the solution of the system tends asymptotically to the transient solution of the classical parabolic heat-conduction equation.
Applying Time-Dependent Attributes to Represent Demand in Road Mass Transit Systems
Authors: Cristóbal Teresa , Padrón Gabino , Lorenzo-Navarro Javier , Quesada-Arencibia Alexis , García Carmelo R.
Published: February 2018

The development of efficient mass transit systems that provide quality of service is a major challenge for modern societies. To meet this challenge, it is essential to understand user demand. This article proposes using new time-dependent attributes to represent demand, attributes that differ from those that have traditionally been used in the design and planning of this type of transit system. Data mining was used to obtain these new attributes; they were created using clustering techniques, and their quality evaluated with the Shannon entropy function and with neural networks. The methodology was implemented on an intercity public transport company and the results demonstrate that the attributes obtained offer a more precise understanding of demand and enable predictions to be made with acceptable precision.
Social Security and Fighting Poverty in Tunisia
Authors: Khemili Hasna , Belloumi Mounir
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was to examine the role of social security in fighting poverty in Metlaoui, Tunisia, using survey data collected between July 2012 and January 2014, covering 200 poor households. We used questionnaire data, which gave a thorough analysis of the reactions, behavior, and strategies adopted by poor households as a result of various forms of risk. Social security has an effect on a number of different areas, including health, education, housing, and income. Our methodology explored both complete and partial risk-sharing, to investigate the impact of social security schemes on the strategies adopted by households to cope with economic shocks. The estimation results of different models showed that social security could help social security-covered households choose less costly strategies to cope with risks. However, the role of social security remains insufficient, given that covered households had less confidence in its services and they adopted strategies of self-insurance or income smoothing. Overall, the results showed that social security plays an important role in Metlaoui, but it remains insufficient, especially for households that are not covered by social security and are suffering from heavy health expenditures.
Assessing Conceptual Understanding via Literacy-Infused, Inquiry-Based Science among Middle School English Learners and Economically-Challenged Students
Authors: Lara-Alecio Rafael , Irby Beverly J. , Tong Fuhui , Guerrero Cindy , Koch Janice , Sutton-Jones Kara L.
Published: February 2018

The overarching purpose of our study was to compare performances of treatment and control condition students who completed a literacy-infused, inquiry-based science intervention through sixth grade as measured by a big idea assessment tool which we refer to as the Big Ideas in Science Assessment (BISA). First, we determine the concurrent validity of the BISA; second, we investigate the differences in the post-test of the BISA between treatment and control English Learners (ELs), controlling for their performance in the pre-test; third, we analyze the differences in the post-test of the BISA between treatment and control non-ELs, controlling for their performance in the pre-test; and fourth, we examine the relationship between students’ English language proficiency as measured by standardized assessment, and their performance in the BISA among ELs and non-ELs, respectively. Our findings indicate: (a) literacy-infused science lessons with big ideas, implemented through the tested intervention, improved students’ language acquisition and science concept understanding for ELs and economically challenged students (ECs); (b) there was a positive relationship between language and content for both ELs and non-ELs, with a similar magnitude, suggesting that students with a higher level of English proficiency score higher in science assessment; and (c) the lesson plans prepared were successful for promoting a literacy-infused science curriculum via a 5E Model (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate) that includes three to five of the Es used daily. A pedagogical approach for a literacy-infused science model with big ideas is proposed.
A Fully Three Dimensional Semianalytical Model for Shale Gas Reservoirs with Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Li Yuwei , Zuo Lihua , Yu Wei , Chen Youguang
Published: February 2018

Two challenges exist for modeling gas transport in shale. One is the existence of complex gas transport mechanisms, and the other is the impact of hydraulic fracture networks. In this study, a truly three dimensional semianalytical model was developed for shale gas reservoirs with hydraulic fractures of various shapes. Using the instantaneous point source solution, the pressure are solved for a bounded reservoir with fully 3D, partially penetrated hydraulic fractures of different strike angles and dip angles. The fractures could have various shapes such as rectangles, disks and ellipses. The shale gas diffusion equations considers complex transport mechanism such as gas slippage and gas diffusion. This semianalytical model is verified with a commercial software and an analytical method for single fully penetrated rectangle fracture, and the production results of shale gas are consistent. The impacts of fracture height and strike angles are investigated by five systematically constructed models. The comparison shows that the production increases proportionally with the fracture height, and decreases with the increase of strike angles. The method proposed in this study could also be applied in well testing to analyze the reservoir properties and used to forecast the production for tight oil and conventional resources.
PWM Carrier Displacement in Multi-N-Phase Drives: An Additional Degree of Freedom to Reduce the DC-Link Stress
Authors: Diana Michela , Ruffo Riccardo , Guglielmi Paolo
Published: February 2018

The paper presents a particular Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategy to reduce the (Direct Current) DC-link capacitor stress for multi-n-phase drives. A multi-n-phase drive is composed of multiple independent systems of n inverter supplying a multi-n-phase electric machine. The paper focused on the investigation of the best phase shifting between carriers for a triple-3-phase drive compared to the 3-phase counterpart in order to reduce the capacitor bench design point. Simulation and experimental results show as the control technique proposed is able to reduce the value of the DC-link capacitor current in any operating condition including fault case. In this sense, the PWM carrier displacement appears like an additional degree of freedom that can be exploited in multi-n-phase drives but also in multi-motor application.
Analysis of Air-Side Economizers in Terms of Cooling-Energy Performance in a Data Center Considering Exhaust Air Recirculation
Authors: Park Seonghyun , Seo Janghoo
Published: February 2018

Demand is soaring for data centers with advanced data-processing capabilities. In data centers with high-temperature information technology (IT) equipment, enormous cooling systems are operated year-round. To date, studies have aimed to improve the cooling efficiency of server-room units, but cooling-energy-consumption analysis considering the recirculation of exhaust air (EA) has not been researched to a sufficient degree. This study analyzed the cooling-energy saving effects considering the EA-recirculation and supply-air (SA)-temperature conditions when direct and indirect air-side economizers were applied to a data center in Korea. Thirteen case studies were conducted. The results showed that when the EA-recirculation ratio in the direct air-side economizer was 15%, its annual cooling-energy consumption increased by approximately 6.1% compared to the case with no recirculation. The indirect air-side economizer also exhibited an approximately 9% increase in cooling-energy consumption. On the other hand, when the SA temperature changed to 22 °C, the annual cooling-energy consumption of the direct and indirect air-side economizers decreased by approximately 67% and 55%, respectively, compared to a central chilled-water system. This indicates the importance of developing measures to prevent EA recirculation and of securing a wind path for the improvement of air-conditioning efficiency in data centers at the design stage.
Energy Analysis of a Rotary Drum Bioreactor for Composting Tomato Plant Residues
Authors: Alkoaik Fahad , Abdel-Ghany Ahmed , Rashwan Mohamed , Fulleros Ronnel , Ibrahim Mansour
Published: February 2018

Energy produced from plant residue composting has stimulated great interest in heat recovery and utilization. Composting is an exothermic process often controlled through temperature measurements. However, energy analysis of the overall composting system, especially the rotary bioreactors, is generally not well known and very limited. This study presents detailed energy analysis in a laboratory-scale, batch-operated, rotary bioreactor used for composting tomato plant residues. The bioreactor was considered as a thermodynamic system operating under unsteady state conditions. The composting process was described, the input generated and lost energy terms as well as the relative importance of each term were quantitatively evaluated, and the composting phases were clearly identified. Results showed that the compost temperature peaked at 72 h of operation reaching 66.7 °C with a heat generation rate of 9.3 W·kg−1 of organic matter. During the composting process, the accumulated heat generation was 1.9 MJ·kg−1 of organic matter; only 4% of this heat was gained by the composting material, and 96% was lost outside the bioreactor. Contributions of thermal radiation, aeration, cylindrical, and side-walls surfaces of the reactor on the total heat loss were 1%, 2%, 69%, and 28%, respectively. The information obtained is applicable in the design, management, and control of composting operations and in improvement of bioreactor effectiveness and productivity.
Hydrothermal Disintegration and Extraction of Different Microalgae Species
Authors: Kröger Michael , Klemm Marco , Nelles Michael
Published: February 2018

For the disintegration and extraction of microalgae to produce lipids and biofuels, a novel processing technology was investigated. The utilization of a hydrothermal treatment was tested on four different microalgae species (Scenedesmus rubescens, Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata and Arthorspira platensis (Spirulina)) to determine whether it has an advantage in comparison to other disintegration methods for lipid extraction. It was shown, that hydrothermal treatment is a reasonable opportunity to utilize microalgae without drying and increase the lipid yield of an algae extraction process. For three of the four microalgae species, the extraction yield with a prior hydrothermal treatment elevated the lipid yield up to six times in comparison to direct extraction. Only Scenedesmus rubescens showed a different behaviour. Reason can be found in the different cell wall of the species. The investigation of the differences in cell wall composition of the used species indicate that the existence of algaenan as a cell wall compound plays a major role in stability.
Drought Impact on Phenology and Green Biomass Production of Alpine Mountain Forest—Case Study of South Tyrol 2001–2012 Inspected with MODIS Time Series
Authors: Lewińska Katarzyna Ewa , Ivits Eva , Schardt Mathias , Zebisch Marc
Published: February 2018

Ecological balance and biodiversity of the alpine forest is endangered by global and local climatic extremes. It spurs a need for comprehensive forest monitoring, including in depth analyses of drought impact on the alpine woodland ecosystems. Addressing an arising knowledge gap, we identified and analyzed 2002–2012 aridity related responses within the alpine mountain forest of South Tyrol. The study exploited a S-mode PCA (Principal Component Analysis) based synergy between meteorological conditions rendered by the scPDSI (self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index) and forest status approximated through MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) derived NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and NDII7 (Normalized Difference Infrared Index based on MODIS band 7) time series. Besides characterizing predominant forest temporal response to drought, we identified corresponding spatial footprints of drought impact, as well as examined aridity-related changes in forest phenology and biomass production. The latter was further evaluated in relation to forest type, elevation, aspect and slope. Recognized meteorological conditions highlighted: prolonged 2003–2007 mild to extreme drought, and overall regional drying tendencies. Arising remotely sensed forest responses accounted on localized decline in foliage water content and/or photosynthetic activity, but also indicated regions where forest condition improved despite the meteorological stress. Perceived variability in the forest response to drought conditions was governed by geographic location, species structure, elevation and exposition, and featured complexity of the alpine forest ecosystem. Among the inspected biophysical factors elevation had the strongest influence on forest phenology and green biomass production under meteorological stress conditions. Stands growing above 1400 m a.s.l. demonstrated initial increase in annual biomass growth at the beginning of the dry spell in 2003. Conversely, woodlands at lower altitudes comprising considerable share of hardwood species were more prone to biomass decline in 2003, but experienced an overall upturn in biomass production during the following years of the dry spell. Aspect showed moderate effect on drought-related phenology and green biomass production responses. Diverse forest ecosystem responses identified in this study were in line with known local and regional analyses, but also shed some new light on drought induced alternation of forest status.