bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UHPLC-HRMS-Based Multiomics to Explore the Potential Mechanism and Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Xuancheng , Guan Xuan , Tong Ying , Liang Yunxiao , Huang Zongsheng , Wen Mingsen , Luo Jichu , Chen Hongwei , Yang Shanyi , She Zhiyong , Wei Zhijuan , Zhou Yun , Qi Yali , Zhu Pingchuan , Nong Yanying , Zhang Qisong
Published: March 2024

Background
Understanding the metabolic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) is crucial for elucidating its pathogenesis and early monitoring, thereby reducing mortality. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the metabolic changes and differences of CRC cells at different stages. Furthermore, studies validating multiomics findings in the serum of CRC patients using cell models have not yet been published.
Methods
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomics and lipidomics were employed to comprehensively measure metabolites and lipids in CRC cells at four different stages and serum samples from normal control (NR) and CRC subjects. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to select the differential metabolites and lipids between groups. Biomarkers with good diagnostic efficacy for CRC that existed in both cells and serum were screened by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, potential biomarkers were validated using metabolite standards.
Results
Metabolite and lipid profiles differed significantly among CRC cells at stages A, B, C, and D. Dysregulation of glycerophospholipid (GPL), fatty acid (FA), and amino acid (AA) metabolism played a crucial role in the CRC progression, particularly GPL metabolism dominated by phosphatidylcholine (PC). A total of 46 differential metabolites and 29 differential lipids common to the four stages of CRC cells were discovered. Eight metabolites showed the same trends in CRC cells and serum from CRC patients compared to the control groups. Among them, palmitoylcarnitine and sphingosine could serve as potential biomarkers with the values of area under the curve (AUC) more than 0.80 in the serum and cells. Their panel exhibited excellent performance in discriminating CRC cells at different stages from normal cells (AUC = 1.00).
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first research to attempt to further validate the results of metabolism studies of serum from CRC patients using cell models. The metabolic disorders of PC, FA, and AA were closely related to the tumorigenesis of CRC, with PC being the more critical factor. The panel composed of palmitoylcarnitine and sphingosine may act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of CRC, aiding in its prevention.
Evaluation of Exploratory Fluid Biomarker Results from a Phase 1 Senolytic Trial in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Orr Miranda , Garbarino Valentina , Palavicini Juan , Melendez Justin , Barthélemy Nicolas , He Yingxin , Kautz Tiffany , Lopez-Cruzan Marisa , Mathews Julia , Xu Peng , Zhang Bin , Saliba Afaf , Ragi Nagarjunachary , Sharma Kumar , Craft Suzanne , Petersen Ronald (C.) , Espindola-Netto Jair , Xue Ailing , Tchkonia Tamara , Kirkland James , Seshadri Sudha , Salardini Arash , Musi Nicolas , Bateman Randall , Gonzales Mitzi
Published: March 2024

Senescent cell accumulation contributes to the progression of age-related disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinical trials evaluating senolytics, drugs that clear senescent cells, are underway, but lack standardized outcome measures. Our team recently published data from the first open-label trial to evaluate senolytics (dasatinib plus quercetin) in AD. After 12-weeks of intermittent treatment, we reported brain exposure to dasatinib, favorable safety and tolerability, and modest post-treatment changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory and AD biomarkers using commercially available assays. Herein, we present more comprehensive exploratory analyses of senolytic associated changes in AD relevant proteins, metabolites, lipids, and transcripts measured across blood, CSF, and urine. These analyses included mass spectrometry for precise quantification of amyloid beta (Aß) and tau in CSF; immunoassays to assess senescence associated secretory factors in plasma, CSF, and urine; mass spectrometry analysis of urinary metabolites and lipids in blood and CSF; and transcriptomic analyses relevant to chronic stress measured in peripheral blood cells. Levels of Aß and tau species remained stable. Targeted cytokine and chemokine analyses revealed treatment-associated increases in inflammatory plasma fractalkine and MMP-7 and CSF IL-6. Urinary metabolites remained unchanged. Modest treatment-associated lipid profile changes suggestive of decreased inflammation were observed both peripherally and centrally. Blood transcriptomic analysis indicated downregulation of inflammatory genes including FOS, FOSB, IL1β, IL8, JUN, JUNB, PTGS2. These data provide a foundation for developing standardized outcome measures across senolytic studies and indicate distinct biofluid-specific signatures that will require validation in future studies.
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04063124.
GhGASA14 regulates the flowering time of upland cotton in response to GA3
Authors: Li Ying , yuan Wenmin , Peng Jialuo , Ju Jisheng , Ling Pingjie , Guo Xuefeng , Yang Junning , Ma Qi , Lin Hai , Li Jilian , Wang Caixiang , Su Junji
Published: March 2024

The gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA), a gibberellin-regulated short amino acid family, has been extensively investigated in several plant species and found to be critical for plant growth and development. However, limited research has been reported in cotton. In this study, we identified 38 GhGASAs that were dispersed across 18 chromosomes in upland cotton, and all of these genes had a GASA core domain. Transcriptome expression patterns and qRT‒PCR results revealed that GhGASA9 and GhGASA14 exhibited upregulated expression not only in the floral organs but also in the leaves of early-maturity cultivars. The two genes were further functionally characterized by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and the budding and flowering times after silencing the target genes were later than those of the control (TRV:00). Exogenous application of GA3 made the flowering period of the different fruiting branches more concentrated compared with that of the water-treated group (MOCK). Interestingly, allelic variation was detected in the coding sequence of GhGASA14 between early‐maturing and late‐maturing accessions, and the frequency of this favorable allele was greater in high-latitude cotton varieties than in low-latitude ones. Additionally, a significant linear relationship was observed between the expression level of GhGASA14 and flowering time among the 12 upland cotton accessions. Taken together, these results indicated that GhGASA14 may positively regulate flowering time and respond to GA3. These findings could lead to the use of valuable genetic resources for breeding early‐maturing cotton varieties in the future.
Climate Change Advocacy and Cancer Clinical Trial Organisations
Authors: Myoo nay , weadick catherine , murphy lucy , o'reilly seamus
Published: March 2024

Climate change is a threat to human health; equally health care is a threat to climate change as it accounts for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions and 30% of the world’s electronically stored data. 350,000 international trials are registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with ~ 27·5 million tonnes of emissions (equivalent to half of annual Danish emissions). In September 2023 we assessed climate awareness among cancer clinical trial organisations via a web-based scoping exercise. Seventy-five organisations were identified of whom 46 had search tools on their websites. Eight out of 46 clinical trial groups had at least one parameter of commitment to climate change, and 38 organisations had none. Of 46 websites, 5 had climate change position statements or policies, 4 had a committee or task force, 1 provided patient education resources for climate change via video link, 7 included green initiative advice and 8 had publications addressing climate change. Only 5 were listed as members of Climate Change Consortiums. Based on website assessment climate advocacy among cancer clinical trial organisations is low, and efforts to encourage climate engagement are needed.
Triplet Carbenes with Transition-Metal Substituents
Authors: Schneider Sven , Lv Ze-Jie , Eisenlohr Kim , Naumann Robert , Reuter Thomas , Verplancke Hendrik , Demeshko Serhiy , Herbst-Irmer Regine , Holthausen Max , Heinze Katja
Published: March 2024

The extraordinary advances in carbene (R1–C–R2) chemistry over the past 30 years have been fueled by the introduction of efficient strategies to stabilize the electronic singlet state via p-bonding interactions with the substituents (R1, R2).1–4 In contrast, the lack of similarly efficient approaches to authentic triplet carbenes with appreciable lifetimes beyond cryogenic temperatures hampers their exploitation in synthesis and catalysis.5 Transition-metal substitution represents a potential strategy,6 but thus far metallocarbenes (M–C–R) usually represent high-lying excited electronic configurations of the well-established carbyne complexes (M ≡ C–R). We here report the photochemical synthesis and characterization of persistent triplet metallocarbenes (M–C–SiMe3, M = PdII, PtII). The carbon-centered diradicals exhibit selective reactions in solution and in the solid state, such as carbene C–H insertion and carbonylation. Bond analysis revealed significant stabilization by spin-polarized push and pull interactions along both π-bonding planes, which fundamentally differs from bonding in push/pull singlet carbenes. This bonding model, thus, expands key strategies for stabilizing carbenes towards the open-shell analogues and closes a conceptual gap to carbyne complexes. We anticipate that the introduction of closed-shell transition-metal substituents to triplet carbenes will facilitate their exploitation in chemical synthesis based on the well-developed principles of coordination chemistry.
Correlation between Chronic Low Back Pain and Anthropometric Indices in the Elderly (aged 60–69 years): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Xin , Wang Dehong , Yan Juntao , Ma Li
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between chronic low back pain (CLBP) and anthropometric indices in the elderly.A total of 430 individuals with ages ranging from 60 to 69 years participated in this cross-sectional study.Anthropometric measurements, including height and weight; waist and hip circumference; and upper arm skinfold, scapular skinfold, and abdominal skinfold thicknesses were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated.To evaluate functional aspects pertaining to subjects while living with CLBP, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used.Among the elderly, no statistically significant difference was found in height, body mass; BMI; chestand waist, hip circumference; WHR; upper arm skinfold, scapular skinfold, and abdominal skinfold thicknesses between the elderly with CLBP and those without CLBP. Mann–Whitney U-test revealed no statistically significant difference in BMI, WHR, and weight, chest circumference between the elderly with CLBP and those without CLBP.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that CLBP of the elderly was not correlated with height, weight, BMI, and chest circumference.Among the elderly, the ODI score of CLBP was statistically positively correlated with abdominal skinfold thickness (rs = 0.165, P = 0.037) and with WC (rs = 0.200, P = 0.012). Abdominal obesity is significantly associated with functional status in the elderly (aged 60–69 years) with CLBP.
Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sousa Thiago de Aquino Costa , Gagnon Isabelle J. , Li Karen Z.H. , McFadyen Bradford J. , Lamontagne Anouk
Published: March 2024

Background: Individuals with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI), despite good locomotor recovery after six months post-injury, face challenges in adapting locomotion to the environment. They also present with altered cognitive functions, which may impact dual-task walking abilities. Whether they present collision avoidance strategies with moving pedestrians that are altered under dual-task conditions, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to compare between individuals with m/sTBI and age-matched control individuals: (1), the locomotor and cognitive costs associated with the concurrent performance of circumventing approaching virtual pedestrians (VRPs) while attending to an auditory-based cognitive task and; (2) gaze behaviours associated with VRP circumvention task between single and dual-task conditions.
Methodology: Twelve individuals with m/sTBI (age=43.3±9.5 yrs; >6 mo. post injury) and 12 healthy controls (CTLs) (age=41.8±8.3 yrs) were assessed while walking in a virtual subway station viewed in a head-mounted display. They performed a collision avoidance task with VRPs, as well as auditory-based cognitive tasks (pitch discrimination and auditory Stroop), both under single and dual-task conditions. Dual-task cost (DTC) for onset distance of trajectory deviation, minimum distance from the VRP, maximum lateral deviation, walking speed, gaze fixations and cognitive task accuracy were contrasted between groups using generalized estimating equations.
Results: In contrast to CTLs who showed locomotor DTCs only, individuals with m/sTBI displayed both locomotor and cognitive DTCs. While both groups walked slower under dual-task conditions, only individuals with m/sTBI failed to modify their onset distance of trajectory deviation and maintained smaller minimum distances and smaller maximum lateral deviation compared to single-task walking. Both groups showed shorter gaze fixations on the approaching VRP under dual-task conditions, but this reduction was less pronounced in the individuals with m/sTBI. A reduction in cognitive task accuracy under dual-task conditions was found in the m/sTBI group only.
Conclusion: Individuals with m/sTBI present altered locomotor and gaze behaviours as well as cognitive performances when executing a collision avoidance task involving moving pedestrians, especially under dual-task conditions. Potential mechanisms explaining those alterations are discussed. Present findings highlight the compromised complex walking abilities in individuals with m/sTBI who otherwise present a good locomotor recovery.
Malnourishment or at Risk of Malnutrition in the Elderly and the Helping Relationship Competencies of the Family Health Team: A Cross-Sectional Mixed Design Study
Authors: Taveira Adriana , Costa Patrício , Lamego Ana , Ferreira Marlene , Macedo Ana Paula
Published: March 2024

Objective: To provide the first association between elderly malnutrition or at-risk and the helping relationship competencies of their Family Health Team (FHT).
Methods: A cross-sectional mixed design was conducted with 371 community elderly through the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and a second to the elder's FHT using the Inventory of Helping Relationship Competencies (ICRA). Multivariate analyses were performed for quantitative data. Qualitative sources were analyzed by content analysis.
Results: A combined prevalence of 29.2% malnourished or at-risk at Primary Health Care (PHC) was observed, with differences between gender (p=.048), age (p<.001), marital status (p=.023), educational level (p=.020), and diabetes (p=.007). Logistic regression demonstrated that age (OR=1.07), cohabitation (OR=0.372), diabetes (OR=2.85), and FHT's empathic competencies (OR=0.869) were the strongest determinants of malnutrition or at-risk.
Conclusion: The participants confirmed the lack of nutritional assessment training. Although, malnutrition is underdiagnosed at PHC, the FHT's empathic skill in reducing the phenomenon is highlighted.
Software Engineering Team Evaluation: Decision Support System to Predict the Monitor Team Activities
Authors: Dahri Fida Hussain , Chandio Jamil Ahmed , Laghari Asghar Ali , Channa Irfan Ali
Published: March 2024

Due to rapid changes in user requirements (UR), it is a challenging task for software engineers to cope with the sudden software customization requirements (SSCR). The incremental process model (IPM) provides a dynamic approach for analysing, designing and implementing a particular software unit (SU), but the successful deployment requires customer satisfaction as per UR by following the SSCR. For example, during each phase every development team member (DTM) is assigned some particular tasks to accomplish, but it is difficult to determine the team members’ behaviour and performance (TMBP). A successful implementation of customized software would provide more opportunities for a particular company to attract a maximum number of users by using SSCR. Some very nice approaches have been seen over the past two decades to predict DTM to assess their accomplished activities TMBP. This paper proposes a system by offering three layered methodology where first layer is designed for data pre-processing and in the second layer construct the decision model by using ensemble machine-learning technique however the third layer used for result visualization. This paper contributes (a) a novel decision support system to understand the TMBP for the waterfall process model (b) IPM and (c) best classification accuracy 94.14%.
Psychometric validation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale for Youth (DASS-Y) in Arabic and development of an Abridged Version (DASS-Y-12)
Authors: Obeid Sahar , Kanj Gaelle , Ali Amira Mohammed , Khoury Marie-Anne El , Malaeb Diana , Sakr Fouad , Dabbous Mariam , Hallit Rabih , Hallit Souheil , Fekih-Romdhane Feten
Published: March 2024

Background
To better target the treatment of affective disturbances and improve the effectiveness of programs for prevention and intervention, the need for a reliable and valid measuring tool for the assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress among youth is notable. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale for Youth (DASS-Y) 21 items within a non-clinical sample of Arabic-speaking adolescents from Lebanon. The secondary aim was to develop and validate a new shortened version of the DASS-Y composed of 12 items (DASS-Y-12).
Methods
Seven hundred fifty-eight participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 15.95 ± 1.78 years and 63.2% females. The forward and backward translation method was applied with the approval of the original developers of the scales.
Results
CFA indicated that the fit of the three-factor model of the DASS-Y and the DASS-Y-12 was excellent. Internal reliability of the scale was excellent for depression, anxiety and stress in the long and short forms. Indices suggested that configural, metric, and scalar invariance was supported across gender in the long and short forms. Higher suicidal ideation and lower academic performance were significantly associated with higher depression, anxiety and stress as assessed by the DASS-Y and the DASS-Y-12.
Conclusion
The present findings indicate that the validated Arabic version of the DASS-Y, and the developed-shortened version DASS-Y-12 are reliable, valid, easy-to-use and low-cost tool to assess depression, anxiety, and stress among Arabic-speaking adolescents. Making those scales available in Arabic will hopefully stimulate research in this field within Arab countries, benefiting the struggling youth in these contexts.
Circulating immune cells and multiple myeloma: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Zexin , Muhetaer Gulizeba , Xiahou Zhikai , Han Jun , Song Yafeng
Published: March 2024

Objective
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disease of plasma cells. Although plasma cells play an important role in this process, their relationship with other circulating immune cells has not been systematically investigated.
Methods
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of 721 circulating immune cells and MM were obtained from GWAS summary data. After meeting the three assumptions of mendelian randomization (MR), we used inverse-variance weighted (IVW) as the main method to evaluate the causal association between the two. For positive results, we used multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR) for adjustion and performed reverse MR analysis to assess the stability of the results.
Results
A total of 3 circulating immune cells are causally related to MM. Among them, Naive CD8 + T cell %T cell (IVW OR: 1.00123, 95%CI: 1.00015–1.00231, P value: 0.02518), Natural Killer T Absolute Count (IVW OR: 1.00062, 95%CI: 1.00006-1.00118, P value :0.03075) was a risk factor for MM, and CD28 + CD45RA + CD8 + T cell %T cell (IVW OR: 0.99993, 95%CI: 0.99987-1.00000, P value: 0.03549) was a protective factor for MM. This result remained stable in the MVMR analysis. Among them, Naive CD8 + T cell %T cell (IVW OR: 1.00200, 95%CI: 1.00058–1.00343, P value: 0.00586), Natural Killer T Absolute Count (IVW OR: 1.00051, 95%CI: 1.00002-1.00101, P value : 0.04225) was a risk factor for MM, and CD28 + CD45RA + CD8 + T cell %T cell (IVW OR: 0.99913, 95%CI: 0.99860–0.99967, P value: 0.00158) was a protective factor for MM. No reverse causal relationship was found between MM and these 3 circulating immune cells.
Conclusions
There was a causal association between 3 circulating immune cells and MM, which may provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of MM. Further randomized controlled studies are still needed to further elucidate their relationship.
Comparative analysis of commercially available metagenomic kits for optimal DNA extraction from bovine fecal samples
Authors: PS Seethalakshmi , Kumaresan T. N , RU Vishnu Prasad Nair , Ragothaman Prathiviraj , Kiran George Seghal , Selvin Joseph
Published: March 2024

In the field of metagenomic research, the choice of DNA extraction methods plays a pivotal yet often underestimated role in shaping the reliability and interpretability of microbial community data. This study delves into the impact of five commercially available metagenomic DNA extraction kits on the analysis of bovine fecal microbiota. Recognizing the centrality of accurate DNA extraction in elucidating microbial community dynamics, we systematically assessed DNA yield, quality, and microbial composition across these kits. Notably, the FastDNA spin soil kit yielded the highest DNA concentration, while significant variations in quality were observed across kits. Furthermore, differential abundance analysis revealed kit-specific biases, impacting taxa representation. Microbial richness and diversity were significantly influenced by the choice of extraction kit, with QIAamp DNA stool minikit, QIAamp Power Pro, and DNeasy PowerSoil outperforming the Stool DNA Kit. Principal-coordinate analysis revealed distinct clustering based on DNA isolation procedures, particularly highlighting the unique microbial community composition derived from the Stool DNA Kit. Differential abundance analysis showcased kit-specific biases, influencing taxa representation. This study also addressed practical implications, demonstrating how kit selection influences the accurate identification of spiked bacteria. In essence, our research highlights the need for meticulous consideration of DNA extraction kits in metagenomic studies, offering valuable insights for researchers striving to advance the precision and depth of microbiota analyses in animals.
Gender Differences in the Influence of Time Spent Online on Early Maladaptive Schemas and Life Satisfaction: Internet addiction as a mediator
Authors: Ostovar Shahla , Bagheri Reyhaneh , Griffiths Mark D. , Mohajer Leila , Hashima Intan Hashimah Mohd
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The present study investigated the contribution of internet addiction (IA) as a mediator in the relationships between time spent online on early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and life satisfaction (LS) among a sample of Iranian adults.
Methods The sample comprised 489 Iranian adults aged 19 to 62 years who completed an online survey. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with AMOS 26.0.
Results
The results confirmed the positive effect of time spent online on EMSs and IA and the negative effect of time spent online on LS. IA was positively associated with EMSs, which in turn, were negatively associated with LS. EMSs were also negatively related to LS. Further analyses showed that the relationship between time spent on online activities and EMSs and IA was higher among males.
Conclusion
The findings highlight a direct and indirect association between time spent online and IA in enhancing EMSs and diminishing LS among adults. The present study suggests consideration of the gender-specific components in the development and implementation of Internet addiction prevention programs.
Multimarket Contact, Competition and Performance: an Application on Turkish Deposit Banks
Authors: başar berna doğan , ekşi ibrahim halil
Published: March 2024

Purpose- The main purpose of this study is to analyze how multi-market contact affects bank risk and performance. Identifying the factors affecting the risk and performance of banks is very important for the country's economy globally, and determining this may be useful for banks and financial regulators in terms of preparation for possible crises.
Design/methodology/approach- Deposit banks that were continuously operating in the Turkish banking system between 2012 and 2021 were included in the research. The banking industry, when considered as firms offering many homogeneous products and services in various geographic markets, provides a very fertile laboratory environment for testing the theory of mutual avoidance.
Findings- The results show that the process experienced in the Turkish banking sector in recent years has increased the competition between banks. In this process, multi-market contact has a positive effect on the asset quality of banks; It has been observed that it has a negative impact on profitability, performance and bankruptcy risk. Although competition is thought to make banks, as in all businesses, more resistant to financial crises and corruption by improving their corporate governance structures and audit structures, this study concluded that competition negatively affects their financial performance.
Originality/value- There are a few studies in the relevant literature that test multi-market contact and investigate how multi-market contact affects profitability and risk. Therefore, a detailed examination of the impact of the banking sector's multi-market contact on performance and risk will make a significant contribution to the international banking literature.
A comparative study for two Novel Optimization Algorithms used to solve Microgrid Energy Management problem considering Energy Storage System
Authors: Hassanin Karim M. , Abdel-Rahim Omar , Mansour Diaa-Eldin A. , Kato Takeyoshi , Megahed Tamer F.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, an optimization solution is introduced to address an Energy Management problem for a Microgrid comprising Photovoltaic arrays, Wind Turbines, Combined Heat and Power units, and a Battery Energy Storage System. The goal is to establish an optimal Energy Management System that minimizes operational costs by efficiently dispatching the required load demand among the available electricity resources. Traditionally, Diesel generators have served as the main source of load supply in microgrids. However, the integration of renewable energy sources and storage systems into microgrids has led to a decrease in electricity generation costs and an enhanced ability to reduce harmful emissions from conventional resources. Given the intermittent nature of renewable resources, the existence of diverse distributed generators with varying operational costs, and the fluctuating electricity consumption patterns, there is a continuous demand for a robust Energy Management System. Such a system enables grid operators to maintain a cost-effective, efficient, and reliable balance between supply and demand. Consequently, optimization algorithms have become indispensable for developing the most efficient Energy Management System. This study utilizes the Political Optimizer and Pelican Optimization Algorithm to tackle the Energy Management problem in the microgrid. The primary objectives of these innovative optimization algorithms are to minimize operational costs, ensure supply-load balance, and increase the penetration of renewable resources for electricity generation in the microgrid. Through extensive numerical results and statistical analyses, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed optimization algorithms are demonstrated. The outcomes illustrate cost reductions of up to 25% compared to conventional algorithms. Thus, it is evident from the results and statistical analyses that the Political Optimizer and Pelican Optimization Algorithms exhibit the capability to efficiently address various optimization challenges and deliver optimal results in the initial iterations.
Plasma treatment of deproteinized bovine bone mineral promotes the formation of sticky bone and improves osteogenesis
Authors: mingzhu chai , feng jiaying , Zhang Ke , Kong Dezhong , Li Xin
Published: March 2024

Background/Objective:
Although deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) is a popular bone graft material in clinical practice, it has limited ability to maintain local space and osteogenicity in extensive bone defects. In this study, We aim to assess the mechanical properties and osteogenic potential of the sticky bone blocks prepared with oxygen plasma activation of deproteinised bovine bone mineral followed by mixing with injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF).
Methods
The sticky bone of the experimental and control groups were prepared using oxygen plasma-treated DBBM and untreated DBBM, respectively.We observed the surface structure of the sticky bone blocks by scanning electron microscopy, assessed the mechanical properties of the sticky bone by a tensile testing machine, evaluated the degradation properties by recording the mass of the sticky bone blocks, and detected platelet activation in the sticky bone blocks by flow cytometry. The adhesion and differentiation capacity of sticky bone block extracts to human osteoblasts was examined using an alkaline phosphatase kit and alizarin red staining.
Results
The results showed that the internal fibres of the sticky bone prepared after plasma treatment were more compact and its mechanical properties were significantly improved. Flow cytometry results showed the plasma treatment promoted platelet activation, and cytological experiments confirmed that the oxygen plasma treatment technique promotes the adhesion and differentiation of osteoblasts. These results are of great significance for the application of sticky bone blocks in the field of implantation and guided tissue regeneration.
Conclusion
Sticky bone blocks prepared by mixing oxygen plasma-treated DBBM with I-PRF showed better mechanical and biological properties.
Systematic exploration of the causal relationships among gallstones, cholecystectomy, and 33 types of site-specific cancers: A Mendelian randomization study based on after-meta analysis
Authors: Teng Fei , Tang Youyin , Lu Zhangyu , Chen Zheyu
Published: March 2024

Background and aim:
The association between gallstones/cholecystectomy and cancer remains inconclusive in the current literature. This study aimed to explore the causal connections between gallstones/cholecystectomy and cancer risk by utilizing a bidirectional two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) approach with Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data.
Methods
Utilizing GWAS data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen, this research employed MVMR analyses to explore the impact of gallstones and cholecystectomy on the risk of 33 distinct cancer types. Instrumental variables for gallstones and cholecystectomy were carefully selected to ensure robust analyses, and sensitivity and heterogeneity tests were conducted to verify the findings' validity.
Results
MVMR analysis, incorporating data from more than 450,000 individuals for gallstones and cholecystectomy, revealed nuanced associations with cancer risk. Cholecystectomy was associated with a significantly increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.10, P = 0.001), while gallstones were linked to a decreased risk of the same cancer type (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.84, P = 0.002). Interestingly, the analysis also suggested that cholecystectomy may lower the risk of small intestine tumors (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.043 to 0.71, P = 0.015), with gallstones showing an inverse relationship, indicating an increased risk (OR = 6.41, 95% CI: 1.48 to 27.80, P = 0.013).
Conclusions
The multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis highlights the differential impact of gallstones and cholecystectomy on cancer risk, specifically for nonmelanoma skin cancer and small intestine tumors. These results underscore the importance of nuanced clinical management strategies and further research to understand the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical implications of gallstone disease and cholecystectomy on cancer risk.
Multiple Noise Reduction for Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data Processing through Densely Connected Residual Convolutional Networks
Authors: Huang Tianye
Published: March 2024

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), which utilizes the entire optical fiber as the sensing medium, provides distinct advantages of high resolution, dynamic monitoring, and resistance to high temperatures. This technology finds diverse applications in the seismic exploration, oil survey, and submarine cable monitoring industries. However, DAS signals are susceptible to various kinds of noise, such as horizontal noise, optical noise, random noise, and so on, which significantly degrade the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), this low SNR is likely to affect some subsequent analyses, such as inversion and interpretation. These mixed noises can pose a serious challenge to noise reduction in the DAS signal. To address this issue, we have developed a supervised learning-based densely connected residual convolutional denoising network (DCRCDNet), which leverages both encoding and decoding processes to extract features and reconstruct DAS data. The encoding and decoding processes enable the network to fully extract the number of features. The design of dense connectivity and residual blocks allow the network to better extract shallow to deep features, which ultimately reconstruct our DAS signal hidden in the noise. In comparison to the traditional filtering method and other deep learning methods, DCRCDNet has great potential for attenuating strong and mixed noise and extracting hidden signals.
O pensamento crítico e o ensino de ciências no cenário brasileiro: Contribuições e perspectivas para o estado da arte
Authors: Da Cruz Letiane Lopes , Güllich Roque Ismael da Costa
Published: March 2024

Investigamos com objetivo de identificar os conceitos, referenciais teóricos e estratégias de ensino utilizados por pesquisadores brasileiros para desenvolver o Pensamento Crítico (PC) no ensino de Ciências. Assim, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática sendo que os trabalhos que compuseram o corpus da pesquisa foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo em diferentes setores: revisões existentes (10), pesquisas strictu sensu (10) e artigos científicos (25). A partir dos resultados produzidos foi possível perceber que o PC em contexto brasileiro vem sendo discutido na perspectiva de um pensamento racional e reflexivo, voltado para o agir crítico. Entre os principais referenciais teóricos utilizados destacaram-se Tenreiro-Vieira e Vieira (114 citações) e Ennis (40) e em relação as estratégias de ensino: Sequências Didáticas (7) e Experimentação (7). Importante ressaltar que um PC em Ciências pautado na perspectiva da educação crítica e emancipação social também aparece nas publicações brasileiras situando um pensamento mais latino-americano.
A avaliação da aprendizagem durante o ensino remoto imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Lisbôa Cássia do Carmo Andrade , Moreira Maria Cristina do Amaral
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar como se deu a avaliação da aprendizagem nos cursos de Licenciatura em Ciências do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro-IFRJ durante o ensino remoto emergencial, imposto em decorrência da pandemia da Covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que iniciou com uma revisão bibliográfica, onde foi apresentado o panorama da pandemia e os desafios na área da educação, bem como situou a avaliação no contexto da pesquisa. Em seguida, foram destacadas a percepção dos professores que atuam nos cursos de Licenciatura em física e química no IFRJ sobre o assunto. A análise foi realizada a partir de autores como Freire (2014), Hoffman (2003), Luckesi (2008), Perrenoud (2000) e Dantas (2017). Os dados mostraram avanços em relação à avaliação da aprendizagem, uma vez que historicamente, o ensino de ciências tem pautado suas práticas avaliativas em concepções tradicionais de ensino.  O uso de instrumentos avaliativos diferenciados em detrimento da prova, o uso de tecnologias no processo de ensino e aprendizagem são questões trazidas na pesquisa que merecem ser discutidas para favorecer a manutenção de tais práticas no contexto presencial, híbrido ou remoto.
In-Hospital Outcome of Acute Myocardial Infarction in patients receiving Streptokinase
Authors: ABID A R , KHAWAJA S A , ABBAS T , SHAHBAZ A , MALLICK N H , . AZHAR
Published: March 2024

Objective: To study and compare the in-hospital mortality due to acute myocardial infarction in patients receiving thrombolytic (streptokinase) therapy versus those who were not thrombolysed. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted at the Coronary care Unit and Cardiology ward of Nishtar Hospital, Multan, from 1St of October 2002 till 30th of April 2003. Four hundred and thirty four patients of acute myocardial infarction who fulfilled WHO criteria of acute myocardial infarction were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: patients receiving streptokinase (SK) group and patients not receiving streptokinase (Non-SK) group. In-hospital mortality was our primary endpoint. Mechanical and electrical complications occurring in-hospital after acute myocardial infarction were secondary endpoints. Results: Only 47% patients received streptokinase while 53% did not receive it because of delayed presentation or some other contraindication to streptokinase therapy. Mean age of the SK group was 51.58±11.02 years and Non-SK group was 55.78±10 years. In SK group 170(83.3%) patients were males and 34(16.7%) were females. Only 54(26.5%) diabetics and 150(73.5%) non-diabetics received streptokinase. Streptokinase recipients reached the hospital earlier; mean time of onset of symptoms till arrival at the hospital was 4 hours and 25 minutes while non-recipients took a longer time in reaching to the hospital. There was no significant difference in the infarct territory between the two groups. The Non-SK group had higher Killip class as compared to SK group on presentation to the hospital. In-hospital mortality was 8.3% in SK group and 24.3% in Non-SK group p
Reduced Blood Loss with Intraoperative Artery Ligation During Angiofibroma Excision
Authors: Umar Maryam , Aziz Bakht , Akram Sajjad , Rehman Atiq U , Ahmad Jawad , Shahzad M.A. Khurram
Published: March 2024

Background: Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare, highly vascularized tumor primarily affecting males during early puberty. Recurrent epistaxis and anemia are common presentations. Intraoperative artery ligation has been proposed as a strategy to minimize blood loss during JNA excision surgeries. This study aims to explore the correlation between intraoperative artery ligation and blood loss in JNA excision surgeries. Objective: To investigate the association between intraoperative artery ligation and blood loss during surgical excision of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma. Methodology: This retrospective comparative study analyzed medical records of 12 patients who underwent JNA excision surgeries in ENT Unit I of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Two groups were compared: patients with intraoperative artery ligation and a control group without this intervention. Stratified Random Sampling was employed, and data, including demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic information, surgical details, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, blood transfusions, and postoperative complications, were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, and a p-value below 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Patients with intraoperative artery ligation showed a focused blood loss distribution. 50% experienced 251-750ml, and none exceeding 750ml. In contrast, the non-ligation group showed a broader range, with 50% experiencing blood loss beyond 750ml. The mean blood loss in the ligation group was 375ml (SD=250ml), while the non-ligation group had a mean of 916.67ml (SD=401.83ml). Statistical analysis confirmed a significant association (p < 0.05) between intraoperative artery ligation andreduced blood loss. The study suggests that intraoperative artery ligation contributes to a more controlled and moderate blood loss in JNA excision surgeries.Conclusion: This retrospective comparative study reveals a significant correlation between intraoperative artery ligation and reduced blood loss in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma excision surgeries. Patients with intraoperative artery ligation demonstrated a more controlled and focused distribution of blood loss, emphasizing its potential efficacy in managing hemorrhage during surgery. The study contributes valuable insights into the application of intraoperative artery ligation in JNA surgeries, providing clinicians with a potential strategy to minimize blood loss and improve surgical outcomes.
Feasibility analysis of the market-oriented construction management model of drainage project based on evolutionary game
Authors: Liu Mengkai , Wang Bo
Published: March 2024

The construction and operational costs of drainage projects are high. Traditional construction management models impose significant financial pressure on the government and reduce stakeholder motivation. Within the market-oriented development context, reforming the construction management model is crucial for breaking the current predicament. This research establishes a framework for the market-oriented construction management model for drainage projects and constructs a behavioral strategy evolutionary game model involving government, drainage management companies, and pollution discharge subjects. Through theoretical analyses and simulations, this research presents recommendations for the implementation of the market-oriented model. The research findings indicate that: (1) the market-oriented model is feasible both theoretically and practically. Pollution rights trading aids pollution discharge subjects in adapting to the market-oriented model. (2) Ensuring sewage charges remain within the interval [P1, P1 + L2 − L1] is crucial for trilateral cooperation. (3) Simulation analysis shows that intensifying policy support, reducing the cost of technological equipment upgrades, enhancing comprehensive income, lowering the pricing of sewage charges, and raising initial selection probability all promote a tendency towards ESS.
A Case Report of Diffuse-type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor as a Calcaneus
Mass: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wang Xiang , Zhang Shutong
Published: March 2024

Introduction::

Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT) originates from synovial cells in tendon sheaths and bursae and rarely presents as a calcaneal
mass.

Case Report::

A 44-year-old female presented with left heel pain that had persisted for over a year and had worsened over the past six months. A mass was found
on the Lateral radiograph of the calcaneus, which was diagnosed as an aneurysmal bone cyst. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) and
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)diagnosed a benign tumor. Based on light microscopy, special stains, and immunohistochemistry, a final
diagnosis of diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT) was rendered.

Results::

D-TGCT is a slow-growing, infiltrative tumor that can form single or multiple masses outside the joint, and can also involve adjacent jointsmainly
affects weight-bearing joints such as the knee, hip, and ankle. However, D-TGCT presents as a calcaneal mass, which poses a diagnostic challenge
for all radiologists.

Conclusion::

A calcaneal mass exhibiting well-defined borders, focal cortical destruction, a sclerotic rim, and T2WI hypointensity, the possibility of D-TGCT
should be considered.
A Case of Nasal Extranodal NK/T-cell Lymphoma of Lower Limb Muscle
Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hu Xianwen , Li Wenxin , Li Dandan , Wang Pan , Cai Jiong
Published: March 2024

Background::

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is a type of malignant non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma originating from mature T cells and NK cells,
mainly involving the upper aerodigestive tract, including the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, oral cavity, hypopharynx, larynx, and
occasionally the skin, salivary glands, testes, and gastrointestinal tract, but rarely the skeletal muscle.

Case Presentation::

An 82-year-old man presented with redness, swelling, and pain in his right lower limb for 3 months. He was initially diagnosed with cellulitis at
another hospital and was treated conservatively for two weeks without improvement. He underwent a biopsy of the lesioned muscle and
histopathology revealed nasal type ENKTCL. 18F-FDG PET/CT was recommended for the staging of the lymphoma, and the results showed that
except for the muscles of the right lower extremity, no other organs and tissues were involved.

Conclusion::

ENKTCL confined to the muscle of the lower extremity is rare and often initially misdiagnosed as myositis because of red, swollen, heat, and
painful symptoms that resemble inflammation, and in it, higher radiotracer uptake in 18F-FDG PET/CT helps to distinguish it from myositis.
Efisiensi Intersepsi Radiasi Matahari (Ei) pada Berbagai Mulsa dan Tata Letak Tanaman terhadap Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Kultivar Talenta Pertiwi
Authors: Kusumaningrum Hemida
Published: March 2024

Tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) merupakan komoditas yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Budidaya jagung manis di Indonesia masih mengalami kendala yaitu penangkapan radiasi matahari yang rendah. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi antara lain dengan aplikasi berbagai jenis mulsa dan penerapan tata letak tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari Efisiensi Intersepsi radiasi matahari (Ei) pada berbagai jenis mulsa dan tata letak tanaman yang tepat terhadap produksi tanaman jagung manis kultivar Talenta Pertiwi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari hingga April 2023 di kebun praktikum PSDKU Universitas Brawijaya, Kelurahan Mrican, Kecamatan Mojoroto, Kota Kediri. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 10 kombinasi perlakuan yang diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kombinasi perlakuan mulsa plastik perak-perak + baris ganda dan mulsa plastik hitam perak + baris ganda mampu memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi yang lebih baik terhadap panjang tanaman, luas daun per tanaman, indeks luas daun, bobot kering total tanaman, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, bobot segar tongkol dengan kelobot, bobot segar tongkol tanpa kelobot, dan Efisiensi Intersepsi radiasi matahari (Ei) dibandingkan tanpa mulsa, mulsa jerami padi, mulsa plastik hitam putih baik baris tunggal maupun baris ganda.