bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepatic accumulation on FDG-PET/CT due to follicular lymphoma
Authors: Ishizuka Kosuke , Shikino Kiyoshi , Yokokawa Daiki , Ikusaka Masatomi
Published: February 2021

Follicular lymphoma is the second most common type of non-Hodgkin’s
lymphoma. Hepatic accumulation observed on FDG-PET/CT, which is the most
useful imaging finding, is observed in 15% of cases. Secondary hepatic
lymphoma is defined based on distant involvement, and it typically
presents as diffuse infiltration, as in this case.
Seasonal patterns of density distribution of Ungulates in tropical deciduous forest of central India
Authors: Gupta Deepti , Krishnamurthy Ramesh
Published: February 2021

1. Tropical deciduous forests show strong seasonal variations due to
temporal dynamics of precipitation and temperature and therefore,
resource availability for animals are also limited accordingly. Certain
harsh environment even pushes animals to seasonal movements towards
available resources. 2. We hypothesize that the density distribution of
four sympatric ungulate species is structured by habitat covariates but
more affected by seasonality. We then investigated density gradient of
these species between contrasting season and correlated with
environmental covariates. 3. We used distance-based density surface
modelling with survey effort of 518 km in winter and 356 km in summer
and with count data as a function of environmental variables in
generalised additive modelling framework. We extrapolated seasonal
abundance of each species and calculated coefficient of variation to
ensure precision for the entire study area. 4. We observed a clear
seasonal shift in the density distribution of all four species between
summer (more abundant in valley) and winter (evenly distributed),
significantly influenced by anthropogenic and topographic factors.
Solitary species were congregated in larger groups during summer while
group living species were in larger groups during winter. 5. Our study
provides a clear understanding of species-habitat relationship as a
function of seasonality in tropical forest and is useful in spatial
prioritization of the habitats for relevant management inputs.
Remote Continuous Glucose Monitoring With a Computerized Insulin Infusion Protocol for Critically Ill Patients in a COVID-19 Medical ICU: Proof of Concept
Authors: Davis Georgia M. , Faulds Eileen , Walker Tara , Vigliotti Debbie , Rabinovich Marina , Hester Joi , Peng Limin , McLean Barbara , Hannon Patricia , Poindexter Norma , Saunders Petrena , Perez-Guzman Citlalli , Tekwani Seema S. , Martin Greg S. , Umpierrez Guillermo , Agarwal Shivani , Dungan Kathleen , Pasquel Francisco J.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

The use of remote real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the hospital has rapidly emerged to preserve personal protective equipment and reduce potential exposures during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We linked a hybrid CGM and point-of-care (POC) glucose testing protocol to a computerized decision support system for continuous insulin infusion and integrated a validation system for sensor glucose values into the electronic health record. We report our proof-of-concept experience in a COVID-19 intensive care unit.

RESULTS

All nine patients required mechanical ventilation and corticosteroids. During the protocol, 75.7% of sensor values were within 20% of the reference POC glucose with an associated average reduction in POC of 63%. Mean time in range (70–180 mg/dL) was 71.4 ± 13.9%. Sensor accuracy was impacted by mechanical interferences in four patients.

CONCLUSIONS

A hybrid protocol integrating real-time CGM and POC is helpful for managing critically ill patients with COVID-19 requiring insulin infusion.
Impact of Type 1 Diabetes in the Developing Brain in Children: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Mauras Nelly , Buckingham Bruce , White Neil H. , Tsalikian Eva , Weinzimer Stuart A. , Jo Booil , Cato Allison , Fox Larry A. , Aye Tandy , Arbelaez Ana Maria , Hershey Tamara , Tansey Michael , Tamborlane William , Foland-Ross Lara C. , Shen Hanyang , Englert Kimberly , Mazaika Paul , Marzelli Matthew , Reiss Allan L.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To assess whether previously observed brain and cognitive differences between children with type 1 diabetes and control subjects without diabetes persist, worsen, or improve as children grow into puberty and whether differences are associated with hyperglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

One hundred forty-four children with type 1 diabetes and 72 age-matched control subjects without diabetes (mean ± SD age at baseline 7.0 ± 1.7 years, 46% female) had unsedated MRI and cognitive testing up to four times over 6.4 ± 0.4 (range 5.3–7.8) years; HbA1c and continuous glucose monitoring were done quarterly. FreeSurfer-derived brain volumes and cognitive metrics assessed longitudinally were compared between groups using mixed-effects models at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years. Correlations with glycemia were performed.

RESULTS

Total brain, gray, and white matter volumes and full-scale and verbal intelligence quotients (IQs) were lower in the diabetes group at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years, with estimated group differences in full-scale IQ of −4.15, −3.81, −3.46, and −3.11, respectively (P < 0.05), and total brain volume differences of −15,410, −21,159, −25,548, and −28,577 mm3 at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years, respectively (P < 0.05). Differences at baseline persisted or increased over time, and brain volumes and cognitive scores negatively correlated with a life-long HbA1c index and higher sensor glucose in diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

Detectable changes in brain volumes and cognitive scores persist over time in children with early-onset type 1 diabetes followed longitudinally; these differences are associated with metrics of hyperglycemia. Whether these changes can be reversed with scrupulous diabetes control requires further study. These longitudinal data support the hypothesis that the brain is a target of diabetes complications in young children.
Changes in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes in Mexico City Between 1998–2004 and 2015–2019
Authors: Aguilar-Ramirez Diego , Alegre-Díaz Jesus , Gnatiuc Louisa , Ramirez-Reyes Raúl , Wade Rachel , Hill Michael , Collins Rory , Peto Richard , Emberson Jonathan R , Herrington William G , Kuri-Morales Pablo , Tapia-Conyer Roberto
Published: February 2021

Objective: To investigate the trends in
diabetes prevalence, diagnosis, and management among Mexican adults who were
participants in a long-term prospective study.

Research design and methods: In 1998-2004, 159,755 adults
from Mexico City were recruited into a prospective study and in 2015-2019 10,144
survivors were resurveyed. Diabetes was defined as self-reported diagnosis, glucose-lowering
medication use, or HbA1c≥6.5%. Controlled diabetes was defined as HbA1c<7%.
Prevalence estimates were uniformly standardised for age, sex and residential
district. Cox models explored the relevance of controlled and inadequately
controlled diabetes to cause-specific mortality.

Results: 99,623 participants in
1998-2004 and 8986 participants in 2015-2019 were aged 45-84 years. Diabetes prevalence
increased from 26% in 1998-2004 to 35% by 2015-2019. Of those with diabetes,
the proportion previously-diagnosed increased from 76% to 89%, and glucose-lowering
medication use among them increased from 80% to 94%. Median HbA1c
among all with diabetes decreased from 8.2% to 7.3%, and the proportion of them
with controlled diabetes increased from 16% to 37%. Use of blood pressure lowering
medication among all with previously-diagnosed diabetes increased from 35% to 51%
and their use of lipid-lowering therapy increased from 1% to 14%.
The excess mortality risk associated with diabetes accounted for 34% of deaths at
ages 35-74 years, of which 5% were attributable to controlled and 29% to inadequately
controlled diabetes.

Conclusions: Inadequately controlled
diabetes is a leading cause of premature adult death in Mexico. Improvements in
diabetes management have increased diagnosis and control, but substantial
opportunities remain to improve treatment, particularly with lipid-lowering
therapy.
Exercise Training Promotes Sex-Specific Adaptations in Mouse Inguinal White Adipose Tissue
Authors: Nigro Pasquale , Middelbeek Roeland J. W. , Alves Christiano R. R. , Rovira–Llopis Susana , Ramachandran Krithika , Rowland Leslie A. , Møller Andreas B. , Takahashi Hirokazu , Alves-Wagner Ana B. , Vamvini Maria , Makarewicz Nathan S. , Albertson Brent G. , Hirshman Michael F. , Goodyear Laurie J.
Published: February 2021

Recent
studies demonstrate that adaptations to white adipose tissue are important components
of the beneficial effects of exercise training on metabolic health. Exercise
training favorably alters the phenotype of subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) in male mice including decreasing fat mass, improving
mitochondrial function, inducing beiging and stimulating the secretion of adipokines. Here, we find that despite performing
more voluntary wheel running compared to males, these adaptations do not occur
in the iWAT of female mice. Consistent with sex-specific adaptations, we report
that mRNA expression of androgen receptor co-activators are upregulated in iWAT
from trained male mice, and that testosterone treatment of primary adipocytes
derived from the iWAT of male, but not female mice, phenocopies exercise-induced
metabolic adaptations. Sex-specificity also occurs in the secretome profile, as
we identify Cysteine Rich Secretory Protein 1(Crisp1) as a novel adipokine
that is only secreted from male iWAT in response to exercise. Crisp1 expression is upregulated by
testosterone and functions to increase glucose and fatty acid uptake. Our finding that adaptations to iWAT with
exercise training are dramatically greater in male mice has potential clinical implications
for understanding the different metabolic response to exercise training in males
and females, and demonstrates the importance of investigating both sexes in
studies of adipose tissue biology.
FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE MOTIVATION OF YOUNGER TEENAGERS
Authors: Романова Елена Владимировна , Пронина Наталья Андреевна
Published: February 2021

Представлены результаты исследования уровня развития познавательной мотивации и учебно-познавательного интереса младших подростков. Выявлены особенности мотивации учебной деятельности младших подростков, описаны условия обеспечения высокой активности учебно-познавательной деятельности.
Авторы отмечают, что мотивация учебной деятельности выступает одним из главных факторов ее успешности и представляет собой многокомпонентное и разноуровневое образование. Мотивация учебной деятельности не формируется сама по себе, ее развитие предполагает длительную, совместную деятельность учащихся и учителя, а для этого в школах необходимо вести постоянную работу по повышению уровня познавательной мотивации к учебной деятельности, активизации учебно-познавательного интереса обучающихся на уроке.
Показано, что применение на уроках предложенных универсальных педагогических приемов способствует повышению познавательной мотивации к учебной деятельности у школьников.
Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в практической деятельности учителей по развитию познавательного интереса младших подростков и устойчивости учебных мотивов.

The article presents the results of a study of the level of development of cognitive motivation and educational and cognitive interest in younger adolescents. Features of motivation of educational activity of younger teenagers are revealed: its positive-negative orientation, conditioning of motivation by internal or external stimuli, stadiality of formation of educational motivation. The conditions for ensuring high activity in educational and cognitive activities are described. The paper notes that the motivation of educational activities is one of the main factors of its success and is a multi-component and multi-level education. Motivation of educational activity is not formed by itself, its development involves a longterm, joint activity of students and teachers, and for this purpose, schools need to constantly work to increase the level of cognitive motivation for educational activities, to activate the educational and cognitive interest of students in the classroom. It is shown that the use of the proposed universal pedagogical techniques in the lessons helps to increase the cognitive motivation for educational activities in schoolchildren. The results of the research can be used in the practical activities of teachers to develop the cognitive interest of younger adolescents and the stability of educational motives.
The method of thermal calculation of automotive disc brake assemblies
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Holshev N. V. , Lavrenchenko A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Prokhorov A. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Konovalov D. N. ,   Tambov State Technical University
Published: February 2021

The article describes a method for calculating the heating temperature of the automobile brake disc. The brake disc is considered as a finite set of "cells" located in several layers. In thermal calculation, according to the proposed method, the heating of the disk surface is taken into account not only from the absorption of the vehicle kinetic energy, but also from the generated electric currents that cause micro-explosions between the irregularities of the disk surface and the brake pads. The cooling of the disk during the time between braking due to heat exchange with air is also taken into account. This method provides the ability to calculate the temperature of the brake disc, both on its surface and inside.
Implementation of national projects aimed at investing in infrastructure support for entrepreneurial activity: problems and prospects
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Asaul V. V. , Krishtal V. V. ,   Domestic Sport Goods Manufacturers and Exporters Association, Petukhova J. G. ,   Norilsk State Industrial Institute
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the main factors constraining the implementation of national projects aimed at investing in the infrastructure support of entrepreneurial activity. To overcome the problems of insufficient efficiency of infrastructure projects, the world and domestic practices of implementing infrastructure investments are analyzed. Suggestions are made in regard of improving the situation and reducing the risks of insufficiently effective implementation of national projects in the field of infrastructure development.
Project financing of housing construction: domestic and foreign experience
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Bochkareva O. Yu.
Published: February 2021

Since July 1, 2019, the construction industry of the Russian Federation has switched to project financing of housing construction. In this regard, developers must provide financing of construction by using the owned and credit assets. According to this model, banks act as credit providers, as well as a supervisory authority for the appropriate expenditures of funds targeted to the project from special escrow accounts. The article discusses the concept of project financing, its main forms and types. A comparative analysis of domestic and foreign practice of project financing is made, and statistics data of transition of construction organizations to this model are presented. The system of interaction between the main participants of the construction project, namely, the consumer, the developer, the bank, is studied.
Evaluation of market growth rates based on analysis of cadastral record-keeping in different periods
Authors:   St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPIIRAS), Laskin M. B. , Mir A. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: February 2021

The article proposes a method for evaluating the growth rate of the real estate market, the method being derived from the joint normal law of distribution of price logarithms applied to cadastral value. Pricing factors are considered both as qualitative and continuous ones. Qualitative factors are used to divide sets of objects into clusters. Analysis of two-dimensional distributions of cadastral values and dependencies that are derived from them (including growth rates) is carried out for each cluster separately. The proposed method involves the use of large amounts of data, which do not allow applying the usual methods of testing statistical hypotheses immediately. A method of testing large two-dimensional samples for joint normality is proposed for the two-dimensional samples of cadastral (and market) values. All examples are based on a comparison of the results of cadastral valuation of built-in commercial real estate in St. Petersburg in 2015 and 2018.
Optimization of the formulaof the design resistance of soil
Authors:   Skvortsov K. D. Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering St. Petersburg, Russia  Osokin A. I. Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Skvortsov K. D. , Osokin A. I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The assumptions made in the derivation of the formula for the design soil resistance are considered. It is shown that in the conditions of the plane problem, taking into account the coefficient of lateral soil pressure leads to lower values of the initial critical load and, consequently, to a decrease in the design resistance. The equation of limiting equilibrium is implemented in the MathCad software package, which makes it possible to obtain isolines of deviation angles at any depth from the applied uniformly distributed load. To determine the initial critical load, a formula is given that takes into account the coefficient of lateral soil pressure K0. In the final part of the article, the solution to the problem is given according to the formula of N. P. Puzyrevsky and according to the formula derived by the author, taking into account K0, the difference in the isolines of the deflection angles is presented, and an analysis of a similar problem in the Plaxis 2D software package is carried out.
Improvingthe technology of installing solar panels on building roofs by the method of automatically connecting their retaining clips with the slots of the frame and the device of edges
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Kazakov Yu. N. , Timoschuk O. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Popova K. S. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

He article describes a way of modifying the model and structural and technological solution for installation of solar panels on the roofs of buildings, which will simplify installation of solar panels and contribute to the rapid cooling of them. The new design will increase the efficiency coefficient of the solar panels on sunny days. It has been established that the new installation technology will be almost twice as cheaper, and also 5 times faster in time, in addition, it will be more convenient to mount and dismount if necessary.
The life cycle impacton the distribution of construction and technical expertise tasks
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Lazareva N. V. , Zinoviev A. Yu. ,   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

Acceleration of scientific and technological progress, increasing requirements for safety, comfort, and efficiency of capital construction projects, and the impact of the external economic environment, among other things, determine organizational transformations not only in investment and construction activities, but also in all periods and stages of the life cycle of buildings and structures. At the same time, increasing complexity of the organizational foundations of construction and housing and communal complexes, growing number and intensity of interactions between contractors lead to the emergence of disputes and conflicts between them and as a result, to the need to get out of such situations. A tool for fair conflict resolution can be a construction and technical expertise, which can be classified as judicial, pre-trial and corporate, depending on the institutional affiliation. This article discusses the distribution of tasks of construction and technical expertise on the time scale of the object's life cycle, as well as the theoretical basis for the manifestation of these phenomena.
Effect of density of cement-sand matrix and type of steel fibers on the density and elasticity modulus of steel fiber reinforced concrete at heating during the fire
Authors:   JSC «Institute «Orgenergostroy», Dorf V. A. , Krasnovskij R. O. ,   JSC «Institute «Orgenergostroy», Kapustin D. E. ,   JSC «Institute «Orgenergostroy», Sultygova P. S. ,   Ingush State University, Turkin V. V. ,   JSC «Institute «Orgenergostroy», Travkin P. V. ,   JSC «Institute «Orgenergostroy»
Published: February 2021

The paper considers the results of the impact of high temperatures during the fire on changes in the density and elasticity modulus of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) at different values of density of the cement-sand matrix corresponding to its flexural strength of 5.0 and 8.5 MPa. It is shown that in the temperature range from 20 to 1100 °C, the diagrams «Density of steel fiber reinforced concrete - heating temperature» are linear and their shape does not depend on the type of fiber and its content in steel fiber reinforced concrete. The results of the performed studies allow determining the change in the elastic modulus of the SFRC after heating.
Influence of nanocellulose on the hydration process of Portland cement and concrete properties
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Khirkhasova V. I.
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with modification of cement composite and concrete with nanocellulose in low and high density. The author presents the study results of the influence of nanocellulose on the cement composite hardening process, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of heavy concrete. The influence of the used additive on the rheological and strength characteristics of concrete is revealed. A new method is proposed to improve the material performance.
Methodology for assessing the management quality of energy saving and the energy efficiency improvement of a gas industry enterprise
Authors:   PJSC «Gazprom», Konoplev T. F.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the methodology for assessing the management quality of energy saving and efficiency improvement (ESEI) of a gas industry enterprise. The new approach provides a quantitative assessment of the quality of ESEI management of the enterprise based on the use of a large number of different parameters, with up-to-date information missing about the current state of production facilities, monitoring the values of indicators and developing proposals for their improvement. An example of calculating indicators for assessing the quality of ESEI management of a gas industry enterprise is presented.
Changes of the urban population mobility at the development of infrastructure for public transport, cyclists and pedestrians
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Zakharov D. A. , Fadyushin A. A. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: February 2021

The article examines the mobility of the large city population with 800 thousand inhabitants where there is no off-street transport. As a result of simulation modeling with a macroscopic transport model of the city, there was established the influence of the chargeable parking facilities` cost, the length of lanes for public transport and bike paths on the share of movements by private and public transport, cycling, pedestrian movements. An estimation of changes in passenger turnover at bus stops and passenger traffic was performed. The impact of the new pedestrian bridge across the river Tura is demonstrated in relation to the resident transportation routes change.
Analytical model for the formation of bus routes in the digital transport ecosystem
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Ivanov I. A. , Terent`ev A. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The article presents an analytical model of planning bus routes in the complex passenger transport system. This model is the main element in the concept of the digital ecosystem transport development based on an object-oriented approach. The developed model of facilities management in the transport passenger system is based on solving the multi-criteria task of dynamic programming, while the technology of synthesis of effective estimates` aggregate is provided by the determination of private Pareto-optimal estimates.
Digital modernizationof the city: experience of the «Smart City» projects in Germany
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Asaul V. V. , Rybnov E. I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Kuralov S. P. ,   Administration of St. Petersburg
Published: February 2021

The article examines the experience of creating digital urban modernization projects in Germany. The «Smart City» and «Smart Region» terms have largely polemical character, which is reflected in the different directions of urban development. The practice of creating an intelligent network of all areas of life and business in municipalities is considered. The main message of the study is that network infrastructures should be created using new technologies for addressing the city problems, digital services should be adapted to the needs of citizens and improve their life quality.
Public-private partnership as a mechanism for attracting infrastructure investments: implementation problems and risk reduction
Authors:   Domestic Sport Goods Manufacturers and Exporters Association, Krishtal V. V. , Asaul V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Koshcheev V. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Petukhova J. G. ,   Norilsk State Industrial Institute
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the problem of attracting infrastructure investments which is acute for every region of Russia. According to the authors of the article, the state participation is not enough to implement major infrastructure projects. It is necessary to attract significant financial resources and to ensure the implementation of relevant national projects. The article reveals the mechanism for attracting infrastructure investments used throughout the world, namely, the public-private partnership (PPP). The authors analyze the constraints on the implementation of PPP in national projects, the construction of roads. Some mechanisms for reducing PPP risks are offered.
Increasing the regional innovative attractiveness of business structures in construction
Authors:   JSC SSMO «LenSpetsSMU», Scherbina G. F. , Gizhva E. G. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Skidan A. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

Currently, one of the main factors of the growth of the country's national economy is scientific and technological progress, and, consequently, innovative activities. The management of innovation processes requires at the federal and regional level the knowledge of the regularities, which is why the state regulation of innovation is gaining an increasing importance. To date, the economy of the Russian Federation is dependent on scientific achievements and technological breakthroughs. The paper discusses methods of direct economic regulation of innovation activities in the investment and construction sector. The proposed method of allocating budget funds to support innovations in the regions of the Russian Federation has a positive effect on increasing the innovation attractiveness of the region and business structures.
Gas plant structures in Saint-Petersburg as the examples of the «Brick style» and design solutions of the XIX- early ХХ century
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of the Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, Saint Petersburg Stieglitz State Academy of Art and Design, Stieglitz M. S. , Puharenko Ju. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

This article regards the development stages and construction-style features of the gasholders in Saint-Petersburg in XIX - early XX century. The role of civil engineers in the construction of these structures is highlighted. The current condition of these structures is characterized.
Calculation of the prestressing force in the design of reinforced concrete structures strengthened by means of external reinforcement with prestress
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Denisova A. D.
Published: February 2021

The article provides general information on external reinforcement systems with the use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) with prestressing for strengthening of reinforced concrete structures. A classification of existing systems is submitted. The author has performed calculation of the prestressing force taking into account all prestress losses for an externally strengthened reinforced concrete element. Herewith, there were applied steel plates, FRP laminates, based on the methodology set out in SP 63.13330, taking into account the properties of each of the prestressed materials and different levels of initial prestressing.
Method for calculating cross laminated timber panels
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Mamedov Sh. M. , Shabikova E. G. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Nizhegorodtsev D. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Kazakevich T. N. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels are widely used in the construction of buildings and structures abroad. Regulatory documentation in the Russian Federation does not contain provisions for calculating such structures. The paper considers the method of calculating the floor slab made of CLT panel using the Euler Bernoulli beam theory. General recommendations for the design of cross-glued wood structures are offered, and assumptions of the developed methodology are given. Much attention is paid to the main design characteristics of the bent element. Comparative values of these characteristics from various sources are given. A coefficient is proposed to be used taking into account the features of CLT panels in calculations.
Analysis of various failure models of steel-wood connections with self-drilling dowels
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Tran Quoc Phong
Published: February 2021

The load-bearing capacity of the dowel connections of wooden structures is determined by two limiting states, namely, by the failure of wood (crumpling) or deformation of steel dowel (bending). Both failure models are plastic. In some cases, brittle failure is possible, which will determine the load-bearing capacity of the connection. However, the regulations in the Russian Federation do not consider the brittle failure of dowel connections because this type of failure is excluded by the rules for placing dowels. Appendix A of Eurocode 5 includes types of brittle failure caused by chipping of a block or slipping of wood in connection. In [10, 11], the authors consider various fracture models for connections with large-diameter dowels (over 12 mm). In the present study, the author evaluates and classifies calculation models for brittle failure in connections of wooden structures using self-drilling dowels of small diameter (less than 12 mm), which are not presented in the Eurocode 5 and SP 64.13330.2017 standards. Solutions are proposed for reducing the probability of brittle failure propagation in such connections.
Numerical investigation of post-critical resistance of hollow circular cross-section bars under bending and axial compression
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Garipov A. I.
Published: February 2021

Analysis results of hollow circular cross-section bars under bending and axial compression by the finite element method in different formulations with considering of overall buckling described. Qualitative comparison of the data obtained with the data of laboratory tests is made. Analysis parameters allowing achieving an optimal balance between analysis accuracy and speed are given.
ANALISIS KALSIUM (Ca) DARI DAUN KELAPA SAWIT SECARA DESTRUKSI BASAH DAN ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETER DI PTP NUSANTARA IV BAHJAMBI
Authors: Siregar Rudi Munzirwan
Published: February 2021

Penelitian tentang analisis Kalsium dari daun kelapa sawit secara destruksi basah dan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer di PTP Nusantara IV Bahjambi telah dilakukan. Destruksi basah merupakan perombakan sampel dengan asam-asam kuat baik tunggal maupun campuran, kemudian dioksidasi dengan menggunakan zat oksidator. Kesempurnaan destruksi ditandai dengan diperolehnya larutan jernih pada larutan destruksi.  Dari hasil analisa ini kadar rata-rata Kalsium yang terdapat dalam daun yang diperoleh dari sepuluh sampel daun kelapa sawit yang dilakukan secara duplo (dua kali pengukuran untuk satu sampel) dapat dikategorikan tinggi (0,86 ppm) bila dibandingkan terhadap kandungan nilai kritis hara daun (0,7 ppm), berarti pada keadaan ini nilai kadar kalsium pada tanaman kelapa sawit tidak sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dan menyebabkan pH tinggi yang kemudian menghambat peredaran banyak nutrisi mikro serta membuat mereka menjadi tidak dapat diserap tanaman Kata Kunci: Kalsium, Daun Kelapa Sawit, Destruksi Basah
Barangan Banana (Musa acuminata L.) Shoots Induction By Application Of NAA And BAP Based On The Sources Of Explant Basal
Authors: Yudha Hardi , Rahayu Suci , Hanum Saleha
Published: February 2021

The research or barangan banana (Musa acuminata L.) shoot induction by application of NAA and BAP based on the source of explans basal that had been carried out in the system Culture Laboratory of the University of North Sumatra. This study aims to discover the source of explants forming shoots by application of NAA and BAP and the number of shoots formed by the application of NAA and BAP based sources of banana explants. The study uses a completely randomized design with two factorial, i.e. the concentration factor NAA (0 mg/l, 1.5 mg/l, 2.0 mg/l, 2.5 mg/l, and 3.0 mg/l) and concentration factor BAP (0 mg/l, 4 mg/l, 5 mg/l, 6 mg/l, and 7 mg/l) with the source explants apical and basal parts. The best position that created the shoots explants contained in explant basal part by the number of shoot formed is 83. In the treatment of 1.5 mg/l NAA and 5 mg/l BAP average number of shoots most 3,75 and 2,30 cm tall shoots, the formation of the shoots is in the 80th day. The application of NAA and BAP on basal explants have a significant influence on the formation of the shoots.   Key words: Musa acuminata L., NAA, BAP,explants basal, shoot.
Test Antihyperglycemia Ethanol Leaf Extract Kembang Bulan ( Tithonia diversifolia) in Mice ( Mus musculus ) The Induced Diabetes With alloxan
Authors: Pasaribu Ronald , Hutahaean Salomo , Ilyas Syafruddin
Published: February 2021

A research was conducted to invenstigate antihyperglycemic activity ethanol extract of leaf kembang bulan (Tithonia diversifolia) in mice with alloxan induced diabetes. The experiment used completely randomized design, 6 treatment groups with 5 replicates each. KP mice, P1, P2, P3 and P4 fasted for 16 hours and then injected intraperitoneally alloxan 5.04 mg. On day 4 post induction, KP, P1, P2, P3 and P4 positive diabetes. P1, P2 and P3 were treated 14; 42 and 70 mg/Kg of ethanol extract of kembang bulan while P4 were 0.9 mg/Kg glibenclamide for 12 days. The results showed that all treatment doses did not significantly affect body weight of diabetic mice (P>0.05). P1 obtained with a dose of 14 mg/Kg body weight is able to decrease blood glucose levels (P<0,05). The ethanol extract at a dose of 14 mg/Kg body weight effect on decreasing the number of giant cells of the spleen. It can be concluded ethanol extract of kembang bulan can lower blood glucose levels  and effect  the  microstructure spleen of mice  with alloxan induced diabetes. Keywords : Alloxan , Ethanol Extract , Tithonia diversifolia , Blood Glucose Levels.
Macrozoobenthos With Chemical and Physics factor in the Babura rivers Deli Serdang
Authors: Sinambela Masdiana , Sipayung Mariaty
Published: February 2021

Research Title “Macrozoobenthos with physico-chemical factors on water and river Babura Deli Serdang”. The measured parameter is existence of macrozoobenthos That biotic factors and abiotic factors ie chemical and physical factors. Physical factors ie: temperature, turbidity, dan chemical factors ie factors: pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), dan BOD, COD, and fosfat.  Macrozoobenthos were taken using a Surber net in Mei 2015, there are 2 station.  Where with number of macrozoobenthos in the river Babura 12 individu ie : 1 sp in station 1 ie Melanoides sp and 4 sp in station 2 ( 12 individu) ie Melanoides sp 2 individu, Hetelimnius sp 1 individu, Elmidae 2 individu, Epicordulia sp 1 individu, Chironomus sp 4  Melanoides 2 sp, dan Dragonfly nymph 4 individu. Chemical and physical factors still life macrozoobenthos support. An ex post facto research initials, it can  use as baseline.   Keywords: existence, macrozoobenthos, factor  physic, chemistry
Identifikasi Jenis-Jenis Lichenes Sebagai Indikator Pencemaran Udara Asap Kendaraan Bermotor Di Hutan Lindung Aek Nauli-Parapat Kab. Simalungun
Authors: Faisal Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencemaran udara terhadap keanekaragaman lichenes yang ada di Hutan Penelitian Aek-Nauli Parapat Kabupaten Simalungun  berdasarkan titik pengamatan yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2007-Februari 2008. Populasi penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan  jenis lichenes yang terdapat di hutan penelitian Aek Nauli Parapat Kabupaten Simalungun sedangkan sampel dari penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan jenis lichenes yang  berhasil ditemui di masing-masing kuadrat yang sudah ditentukan pada jarak 30 meter kiri dan kanan sepanjang 1 Km Jalan Lintas Medan-Parapat. Hasil penelitian didapati 13 spesies lichenes dengan jumlah individu yang beragam dan menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara tingkat pencemaran udara dengan jumlah individu lichenes yang berhasil diidentifikasi. Parmelia caperata sebanyak 685 individu merupakan spesies yang paling banyak dijumpai sedangkan Usnea dasypoga sebanyak 124 individu merupakan spesies yang paling sedikit terdapat di area penelitian. Uji kandungan Pb dengan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) menunjukkan perbedaan yang  nyata di tiap jarak pengambilan sampel yaitu berkisar antara 0,7-6,5 ppm.   Kata kunci: Lichenes, Pencemaran Udara, Pb
PENGARUH PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP EKOLOGI SERANGGA POLINATOR PADA TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Simanjuntak Ruth Melda , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari perkebunan kelapa sawit terhadap ekologi serangga polinator pada tanaman mentimun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif survey, dengan teknik sampling menggunakan Scan Sampling yaitu mendata seluruh serangga polinator yang didapat dan dijadikan sampel per waktu yang ditentukan dari dua lokasi yang berbeda. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan total 20 spesies, yang tergabung ke dalam 3 ordo: Lepidoptera, Diptera, dan Hymenoptera dan 8 famili: Hesperidae, Pyralidae, Nimphalidae, Pieridae, Syrphidae, Apidae, Vespidae, dan Haliotidae.  jumlah  spesies serangga polinator  pada dua lokasi  berbeda signifkan (t = 3,108; P = 0,003), kelimpahan serangga polinator berbeda signifikan (t = 2,016; P = 0,050). Terdapatan perbedaan komposisi serangga polinator dari kedua lokasi. Waktu pengamatan secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah spesies serangga polinator mentimun (F = 7,286; P = 0,000) dan kelimpahan serangga polinator mentimun (F = 6,276; P = 0,000). Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, Ekologi, Serangga Polinator, Mentimun.
PERTUMBUHAN MARKISA DATARAN RENDAH ( Passiflora edulis var.flavicarpa) DENGAN APLIKASI Glomus sp dan Acaulospora sp
Authors: Suswati Suswati , Indrawati Asmah
Published: February 2021

Percobaan ini dilakukan di Tanjungsari dan Laboratorium Agrotehnologi Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Medan Area.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi inokulant mikoriza terhadap efektifitas simbiosis tanaman markisa dataran rendah dengan Glomus sp + Acaulospora sp dan pertumbuhan tanaman markisa (perkecambahan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah dan berat kering). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan faktor perlakuan dosis FMA (A) dengan 4 taraf dan 3 ulangan yaitu :A0 = tanpa inokulasi; A1= 25 g per seed bed ;A2= 50 g per seed bed dan A3=75 g per seed bed. Parameter pengamatan : efektifitas simbiosis, kolonisasi FMA (persentase`dan intensitas kolonisasi), pertumbuhan tanaman (persentase perkecambahan benih, tinggi, jumlah daun, berat basah dan berat kering).Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa tanaman markisa dataran rendah memiliki tingkat ketergantungan yang tinggi terhadap Glomus sp + Acaulospora sp dengan nilai 65.44% - 73.84%. Aplikasi FMA dapat meningkatkan perkecambahan benih di pesemaian dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit markisa.   Kata Kunci: markisa dataran rendah, Glomus sp + Acaulospora sp, efektifitas simbiosis,   kolonisasi mikoriza
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOLKISIN TERHADAP JUMLAH KROMOSOM BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum) LOKAL KULTIVAR DOULU
Authors: Gultom Tumiur
Published: February 2021

Bawang putih lokal kultivar Doulu  berasal dari  Desa Doulu Kabupaten Karo Sumatera Utara. Bawang putih  lokal Doulu dikenal luas oleh masyarakat di Sumatera Utara karena rasa  yang pedas dan aromanya yang tajam. Jumlah kromosom bawang putih lokal ini sebanyak 16 =2n. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kolkisin terhadap jumlah kromosom bawang putih (Allium sativum) pada konsentrasi dan lama waktu perendaman yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode squash. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah percobaan faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pemberian larutan konsentrasi kolkisin (D) dengan  3 taraf yaitu : 0,1% (D1), 0,2% (D2), dan 0,3% (D3). Faktor kedua adalah lama waktu perendaman  (T) dengan 4 taraf perlakuan  yaitu 6 jam (T1), 12 jam (T2), 18 jam (T3), dan 24 jam (T4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kromosom bertambah secara euploid dan aneuploidi yang menyebabkan terbentuknya sel-sel poliploidi. Tipe-tipe poliploidi yang terbentuk yang ditemukan yaitu euploidi yang tetraploid   (4n) pada perlakuan D1T2, D2T3 dan D3T4. Kromosom yang bertambah secara aneuploid yaitu  2n + 4 pada perlakuan D2T2, 2n + 6 pada perlakuan D1T1; 3n + 6 pada perlakuan D1T3 dan D1T4 ; 4n + 1 pada perlakuan D2T1 dan T3D3; 4n +8 pada perlakuan D3T2;  5n +8 pada perlakuan D3T1 dan 6n +4 pada perlakuan D2T4. Kata kunci: Kolkisin, metode squash, poliploid, aneuploid, euploidi.
KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PENUTUPAN PADANG LAMUN (SEAGRASS) DI PERAIRAN MANDAILING NATAL SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Herawati Pera , Barus Ternala A , Wahyuningsih Hesti
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini tentang keanekaragaman makrozoobentos dan hubungannya dengan penutupan padang lamun di perairan Natal Mandailing Natal Sumatera Utara, telah dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2016. Lokasi Penelitian di tetapkan sebanyak 4 stasiun dengan metode purposive sampling menggunakan transek kuadrat 1x1 m sebanyak 5 kali ulangan. Penelitian ini ditemukan 4 spesies lamun yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Cymodecea rotundata, Halodule pinifolia dengan persentase tutupan lamun pada stasiun I (47%), stasiun II (29%), stasiun III (76,6%), dan stasiun IV (83,8%). Makrozoobentos yang ditemukan ada 16 spesies yang dikelompokkan menjadi 7 kelas yaitu Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, Malacostraca, Amphineura, Anthozoa. Nilai kepadatan tertinggi diperoleh dari kelas Bivalvia pada stasiun I spesies Anadara Inaequivalvalis sebesar 1,2 ind/m2. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman tergolong sedang. Hasil analisis korelasi Person antara keanekaragaman makrozoobentos dengan tutupan lamun bernilai -0,949 ini berarti hubungan antara tutupan lamun dengan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos di kawasan perairan Natal kuat berlawanan arah. Tingginya persentase tutupan lamun tidak selalu diikuti oleh tingginya keanekaragaman makrozoobentos dikawasan tersebut. Kata kunci: persentase tutupan lamun, makrozoobentos, Mandailing Natal
IDENTIFIKASI SERANGGA PENYERBUK PADA PERTANAMAN KOPI (Coffea arabica L.) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sitompul Aida Fitriani , Siregar Elida Hafni , Ritonga Yusron , Dahelmi Dahelmi , Roesma Dewi Imelda
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi serangga penyerbuk pada tanaman kopi (Coffea arabica L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan April hingga September 2016 di Kabupaten Dairi. Sampling dilakukan pada enam lokasi yang tersebar pada tiga Kecamatan yaitu Sumbul, Parbuluan, dan Siempat Nempu Hulu. Masing-masing lokasi terdiri dari lima plot, setiap plot berukuran 7 x 7 meter. Sampling dilakukan ketika hari cerah pada pukul 07.00 hingga 12.00 WIB. Serangga yang berhasil ditangkap dimasukkan ke dalam killing bottle yang mengandung etil asetat. Selanjutnya dimasukkan ke dalam kertas papilot dan disimpan ke dalam box plastik untuk kemudian diidentifikasi. Identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Biosistematika Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Medan. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi diperoleh sebanyak lima belas spesies yang termasuk dalam tiga Ordo, yaitu Lepidoptera Diptera, dan Hymenoptera serta tujuh famili. Lebah madu Apis cerana merupakan spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan. Kata kunci:  Serangga penyerbuk, Kopi, Apis cerana, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidotera
TINJAUAN EKOLOGI DAN ETNOBOTANI GANDARIA (Bouea macrophylla Griffith)
Authors: Harsono Tri
Published: February 2021

Indonesia dikenal memiliki tingkat keragaman hayati yang tinggi. Keragaman hayati tanaman di Indonesia merupakan potensi yang dapat dikembangkan dan bernilai tinggi. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan adalah gandaria. Gandaria merupakan tanaman yang dapat tumbuh tinggi. Sebagai salah satu tanaman asli Indonesia, gandaria dimanfaatkan mulai dari buah, daun, hingga batangnya. Pemanfaatan yang optimal dari tanaman gandaria dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis. Secara ekologi, gandaria menyebar mulai dari kawasan pantai hingga dataran tinggi. Gandaria merupakan tumbuhan tropik basah dan dapat tumbuh pada tanah yang ringan dan subur. Gandaria mudah beradaptasi pada lingkungan budidayanya dan merupakan salah satu komoditas buah-buahan tropis yang berpotensi baik. Kata kunci : ekologi, gandaria, tanaman