bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Mitochondrial and Inflammasome Homeostasis by 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide and their Mitigation by Curcumin: An In vitro Study
Authors: Kia Azam , Nadi Mona , Hajhasan Vahideh , Salimian Jafar
Published: October 2021

The mitochondrion has a substantial role in innate immunity and inflammasome signaling pathways. Sulfur mustard (SM) induces toxicity in cytoplasmic organelles. We aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of curcumin on the toxicity of SM analog through measuring gene expression levels of mitochondrial dynamics followed by induction of the inflammasome signaling pathway.
After the treatment of pulmonary epithelial cell line (A549) by 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) (2500 mM) for 48h, the transcriptional activity of mitochondrial fission and fusion genes such as dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission 1 protein (Fis1), mitofusin-1 (Mfn1), mitofusin-2 (Mfn2), and Dominant optic atrophy (Opa1) and inflammasome pathway genes including absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), NLR family containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) was measured. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of curcumin (160 mM) concurrent with SM analog on the expression level of mitochondria and inflammasome genes was investigated.
CEES was able to over-express the fission, fusion (Drp1 ~ 8, Fis1 4.5, Mfn2 15, and Opa1 16-fold) and inflammasome genes (AIM2, NLRP3, 8 and 6-fold, respectively), whereas Mfn1 was significantly decreased (0.5-fold) and a not statistically significant decrease was observed in the ASC gene. Curcumin could modulate the effect of CEES, mitigate the expression of fission, fusion, and inflammasome genes exceedingly. However, a major increase in the repairer fusion gene (Mfn1, 6-fold) and complete suppression of the ASC gene were the outcomes of using the curcumin.
In conclusion, we suggest curcumin alleviates the disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics and downregulates the inflammasome genes exposed to the CEES.
SELECTION OF THE EXTERNAL WALL ROUNDING ANGLE OPTIMAL RADIUS
Authors: Semko Volodymyr , Yurin Oleg , Mahas Natliia , Norka Anastasiia , Pylypenko Yevhen
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes one of the ways to increase the heat-protective properties of thebuilding corner - rounding the outer surface of the outer wall the corner . The walls of houses nearthe outer corner, due to their configuration, have less heat-insulating properties than the walls inother areas. This is due to the fact that the area of heat flow perception on the inner surface of thewalls at an angle less than the area of heat transfer on the outer surface. Convective heat exchangenear the inner surface of the corner, due to the inhibition of air movement is less than in other areas,so the amount of heat coming from the indoor air to the wall surface is less. For climatic conditionsof Poltava region the research of temperature fields of calculated sections of the wall (withoutrounding of a corner, with rounding of a wall of various radius an external surface) with definitionof a heat stream size, the minimum temperature on an internal surface of a wall and the resulted heattransfer resistance is carried out. The dependences of the rounding radius of the wall outer surfaceon the heat flow passing through the design area of the wall outer corner, brick consumption withinthe design area, insulation consumption within the design area, the amount of room area reductiondue to rounding the wall for five design schemes. The analysis of dependences the constructed graphsshowed that the intensive reduction of the heat flux passing through the calculated section occurs ata radius of the wall outer surface rounding of 0.9 m and more; a slight decrease in the area of theroom due to the rounding of the wall occurs to a radius of curvature of 1.4 m; intensive reduction ofbrick volume within the calculated area occurs when the radius of curvature is more than 0.8 m,similarly to mineral wool up to 0.7 m. It is determined that the optimal radius of curvature of theouter wall is 0.8 m, it will increase the thermal properties of the angle and reduce the heat transfercoefficient by the transmission of the external enclosing structure of the building as a whole.
Livestock, Crop Commercialisation and Poverty Reduction Among Rural Households in the Singida Region, Tanzania
Authors: Mdoe Ntengua S.Y. , Mlay Gilead , Boniface Gideon , Isinika Aida , Magomba Christopher
Published: October 2021

Livestock is an important component of mixed crop-livestock farming systems in the Singida Region in Tanzania, directly or indirectly contributing to household income, food security and poverty reduction among rural people in the region. This paper examined the effect of livestock on crop commercialisation and farmers’ livelihoods in the region. The complementarity between crops and livestock in the farming systems of Singida needs to be recognised, enhanced and utilised not only by farmers and livestock keepers, but also by local government authorities and development practitioners.
Socio-psychological aspect of modern junior schoolchildren’s academic giftedness
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Kashapov Mergalyas M. , Serafimovich Irina V. ,   Institute for education development, Yaroslavl, Baranova Yuliya G. ,   School № 58 specialized subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle
Published: October 2021

The results of several empirical research generalizations are represented in this article. The congruence of teachers’ and parents’ thinking about different kinds of giftedness and its manifestations of primary school academically gifted learners is discussed here. The specific features analysis of personal characteristics of academically and intellectual gifted today’s children is performed. Sample: total 586 persons: teachers – 60, 240 primary school learners, 286 – learners’ parents. The following idea is proved: a child’s self-evaluation depends on parents’ opinion about their child and it conforms to parents’ expectations. It’s determined that the higher parents evaluate self-regulation level, the level of independence, the higher child’s indicators of self-control and motivation for success are. We have made conclusions that primary schoolchildren can try to draw attention to themselves in order to get acceptance and approval by grown-ups and peers, they also have excessive anxiety level connected with school fears: control and the assessment of knowledge. Authorial express diagnostics was used to study teachers’ and parents’ ideas about different kinds of child’s giftedness and its manifestation. It turned out that at the beginning of studies primary school teachers are less aware of potential giftedness of their children: behavioral and artistic. The spectrum of views about grown-ups’ giftedness broadens to the end of primary school, especially it concerns motivational criteria. The focus group method to estimate the formation level of teachers’ thinking components when working with gifted learners was used. It is found that not only at primary school but also at secondary and high school we can see insufficient representation and formation of teachers knowledge about their work with gifted learners and it is the perspective for further work. It is shown that regular work with teachers stimulates the transformation of professional thinking characteristics from situational up to supra-situational: prediction, reflexivity, the depth and broadness of analysis, self-development orientation are changed.
Features and significance of narration in the witness literature
Authors:   National research university «Higher school of economics», Tulchinskiy Grigoriy L.
Published: October 2021

Witness literature is an important and significant factor in the historical memory formation. Third-person witness narratives are well-known, and 1-person fictional descriptions are equally well-known. However, first-person factual narrative evidence is of particular interest. They represent the initial reflection narratives of personal experience. In addition, this reflexive narration contains the meaningful being picture dynamics, including changes in the content of this picture. The article contains the results of a value-normative analysis of little-known sources of witness literature, which presents the experience of the repressive practices in the USSR in 1920 1980. Generalization of the analysis results allows us to speak about two cycles of radical performance of the semantic picture of the world. In turn, each such cycle includes two phases. The first phase is associated with strangeness of familiar experience and the liminality of new experience. The second phase expresses the subsequent reaggregation of a new understanding of social life. These dynamics are very close to the dynamics of the conceptual narration of war experiences. The main differences are related to the greater emphasis on victimization, different attitudes towards actors and the reasons for victimization. Over the years, witness literature has become an important material for the socio-cultural engineering of building ideas about the sad events of the past – their oblivion (as meaningful unoblivion) in order to prevent their repetition in the present and in the future. A simple hush-up of such circumstances forms the enduring trauma of public consciousness, its «neuroticism», the inability to distance oneself from the past, to live confidently on, causing obsessive associations, or even repetitions, it becomes a source of internal and external conflicts. Constructive oblivion provides not suppression and deletion, but a systematic comprehension of historical experience.
«The Master and Margarita» of M. A. Bulgakov: word that became truth
Authors:   Institute of philosophy of the Russian academy of sciences., Aristova Ekaterina P.
Published: October 2021

The article presents a reading of the novel by M. A. Bulgakov «The Master and Margarita» as an interpretation of the philosophical problem of the connection between word and reality discussed in European thought in the second half of the 20th century in the works of J. Derrida, J. Baudrillard, R. Barthes and others. In «The Master and Margarita», the loss of a sense of reality is shown through the fine line between fiction and prophecy. The writer appears, on the one hand, as an obsessed and insane, on the other hand, as one who is able to speak truthfully when reality is fictitious, just as the ideological and bureaucratic atmosphere of the USSR in the 1930s (it is shown in the novel as a space of signs that have lost the signified, as fiction and theater). A distinctive feature of M. A. Bulgakov’s novel is attention to the destiny of the speaking person. The religious motive of personal speech as a personal response to God can be opposed to the philosophical concept of the «death of the author» by R. Barthes and M. Foucault. This personality of speech is important in the situation of the Stalinist period, when a person could disappear forever. Interpretations of the key figures of the novel are given: Woland as a liar-teller, the Master as a writer, capable of telling not a lie, but the truth through his fiction, Margarita as a force of love, capable of recklessly choosing her subject and giving it meaning even among general nonsense. The images of the execution of Pontius Pilate and the Master's award reflect the two destinys of the ambiguous speaker: the torment of a coward who does not dare to speak openly and a cosy space for creativity that gives freedom and hope.
Monument with a military «scar»: preservation and exhibiting practices
Authors:   St. Petersburg state institute of culture, Leonov Ivan V. , Grusman Yanina V. ,   St. Petersburg state institute of culture, Kirillov Igor V. ,   Publishing house «Pronto-Peterburg»
Published: October 2021

The article continues the discussion of the topic related to strategies for working with historical and cultural heritage monuments that contain traces of the impact of wars and armed conflicts. Based on the exposition and funds of the CNM, the analysis of specific monuments, the form and semantic aura of which bear the «scars» of history, is carried out. Among the monuments, which are given special attention in the article, there are St. Andrew's flag from the battleship «Tsesarevich», items from the cruiser «Varyag», a fragment of the foremast from the battleship «Prince Potemkin-Tavrichesky», a shot-through helmet of a marine infantry soldier found at the Sinyavino heights, a damaged propeller blade of the DB-3F bomber, etc. The article considers the status of «scarred» artifacts as «places of memory» that ensure the preservation and transmission of ideas about the military past and are an integral part of military culture. The article describes the main strategies for working with monuments whose «patina of time» contains traces of military influences. As an example of a complex artifact with a deep semantic load, symbolizing the unity of different periods of national history, demonstrating the historical and cultural continuity of its epochs (including through the synthesis of different-time military-historical materials with a high sacred component), the image of the Saviour Not Made with Hands – the main icon of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is considered.
The specifics of the father's role in the american family: a traditional and new view of the problem
Authors:   Volgograd state technical university, Lazareva Olga V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of modern education – pedagogical parenting education, which is a part of the social policy of modern society. The parenting education is aimed at personal development. Both the subject and the object can be the person himself there. The education of parents, in contrast to the family education, is more aimed at helping them to become a full-fledged healthy personality of the child. The main task of the article is to analyze the role of the father in the family on the example of the United States, the views of representatives of various areas of psychology and pedagogy on the role of the father are given. Two aspects of the role of the father are highlighted-traditional and new. The presence of a tendency to change the role of men in the family is shown. The role of the father is one of the most important roles that affect both the development of the new generation and the development of the father's personality. The role of the father has deep historical roots. With the advent of the new century, the traditional composition of the American family-mother, father and children – remains predominant. However, over the past decades, American society has witnessed a variety of changes in the composition of the family and its daily life. A few decades ago, the very question of the role of men in the family would have been simply inappropriate. But lately everything is different. Fatherhood has recently aroused increasing interest among researchers.
Metaphysical unity of transcendental psychology and quantum mechanics. Article 2.
Authors:   National academy of sciences in Armenia, Nagdyan Ruben M.
Published: October 2021

This article is a continuation of the previous one, published in this journal under the same title. The article continues the theoretical consideration of signs of the unity of transcendental psychology (TP) and quantum mechanics (QM) in the vision of Aristotle's metaphysics. In the context of the metaphysical triad necessary-possible-real, the «intersection points» of A. I. Mirakyan’s transcendental psychology and the interpretation of quantum mechanics by A. Yu. Sevalnikov. It is shown that in the both transcendental psychology and quantum mechanics epistemological problems are associated with the impossibility of using the language of their classical predecessors. In both sciences, it becomes necessary to use a new language, a new way of thinking and a new logic of understanding the phenomena under study. All this allows us to conclude that both in transcendental psychology and in quantum mechanics, researchers are dealing with a new ontology of reality that differs from that studied in classical physics and in the phenomenology of classical psychology. It became necessary to divide reality into observable and unobservable. This allows us to say that we are talking about polyontic (or modal) philosophy – different modalities or modes of being, within the framework of which it is necessary to consider the relationship between the necessary, the possible and the real things. Both sciences are the sciences of becoming. If QM is the science of the formation of the observed world, then TP is the science of the generation of phenomena of psychical reality. This is one of the reasons for the unity of their methodological foundations. There is a fairly close similarity in the understanding of the concept of «coexisting opportunities» (or «potential opportunities»). In TP, it coincides with the concept of the coexistence of functionally equal opportunities for reflecting various concomitant properties of objects, and in QM – with the principle of superposition of states of elementary particles. The relative nature of the formation of the phenomenon in the reality of the real follows it. In TP, this is expressed in the realization of one of the coexisting possibilities of reflecting any of the presented properties of the object, and in QM this is expressed as a result of the reduction of the wave function to one of the possible states of a quantum object. The relativity of the formation of a specific phenomenon, determined by the existence of «coexisting possibilities», is realized according to the principle of relativity to the means of observation.
Integrative dynamics in psychological science
Authors:   Institute of psychology named after G. S. Kostyuk NAPN in Ukraine, Medintsev Vladislav A.
Published: October 2021

The observed increase in the number of psychological research entails both the expansion and deepening of psychological knowledge, and the escalation of the theoretical and methodological problems of its systematization and practical application. The widely discussed problems of the theoretical foundations and methodology of psychological research, in generalized formulations, are reduced to a statement of the growing fragmentation and searching the foundations of the integration prospects for psychology. At the same time, there are problems that have not yet been given due attention, one of such problems is the conceptualization of the integration and fragmentation dynamics in psychological knowledge. In the proposed conceptualization, the dynamics of the psychological knowledge development occurs in the original studies of the expansion, deployment, narrowing, folding of its structure. From these methodological positions, psychological research is categorized into deepening, fragmenting and integrating. According to the results of the methodological analysis, the ratio of the integration and fragmentation processes types is 1: 3. That is, even in the case of putting forward and starting an integration project in psychology, the coexistence of integrative and fragmented processes is inevitable, with the latter prevailing. If the psychological knowledge integration is carried out by descriptive methodological tools, then the array of fragmented studies will not shrink, and the current ratio of integration and fragmentation studies is unlikely to change. In this scenario, new research will continue with heterogeneous methodological tools, and since systematizing research remains not a priority, the carried out integration of psychological knowledge in terms of its volume will decrease relative to the total volume of studies. A dynamic balancing the integration and fragmentation processes is seen as an acceptable state of psychological knowledge. However, even for achieving it, it is necessary to reach positive integration dynamics at the first stage. The dynamic balance of integration and fragmentation processes can be established at various levels of their correlation – determining a sufficient level will be one of the most pressing issues in the case of implementing an integration project in psychology.
Communicative particles as means of representing actual information in literary discourse in English, Spanish and Russian
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Kuptsov Aleksandr E. , Babayan Vladimir N. ,   Yaroslavl higher military school of air defense
Published: October 2021

This article examines one of the issues of fiction discourse and communicative syntax that has not yet been sufficiently studied, i.e. the role of limiting particles in the communicative and syntactic organization of a sentence in the English, Spanish and Russian literary discourse. These particles are considered with rhetorical means which are of particular importance in literary discourse. Various lexical and syntactic constructions can be used as rhetorical means (for example, word order, lexical repetitions, inversion, etc.), as well as literary figurative forms. It is worth noting that one of the relatively understudied issues of actual syntax remains the question of communicative pragmatic functions of limiting particles, which occupy a special place in the system of linguistic means of expressing the actual division in literary discourse, and their role in the communicative and syntactic organization of a sentence in the English, Spanish and Russian languages. Communicative (actual) division is one the most important aspects of the utterance which marks, according to the particular speech situation and communicative and pragmatic intentions, logical parts of the utterance – theme and rheme, determining the meaning of the utterance as a speech unit.Actual division is seen as an individual speech act, relating to a particular situation and defined by the communicative intent of the speaker, as a phenomenon that is not subject to standardization and generalization. Several methods of actualization are simultaneously involved in forming the communicative (actual) division of a sentence, some of them being the main and others being auxiliary means which can replace, supplement or reinforce each other. Thus, each language has a fairly rich system of communication-oriented means that have received a stable and standardized character, designed specifically for expressing the communicative division of a sentence and providing the speaker (writer) an opportunity to choose the necessary ways of its implementation in accordance with a specific speech situation and the purpose of the utterance.
On domestic animals in Russian and French phraseology
Authors:   Moscow state institute of international relations, Tsybova Irina A.
Published: October 2021

The aim of this article is to compare French and Russian phraseological units including the names of domestic ani-mals (кошка/ chat, собака/ chien, лошадь/ cheval, корова/ vache, свя/ cochon, коза /chèvre, баран/ mouton) which are discussed according to structural, functional and semantic criteria proposed by A.G. Nazarian. According to the structural criterion, phraseological units include: a) non-predicative (жирный как свинья/ gras comme un cochon; ме-тать бисер перед свиньями/ jeter des perles aux cochons), b) partially predicative (cheval qui n’a ni bouche ni éperon) and с) predicative (le chat parti [absent, quand le chat n’est pas là, quand le chat dort], les souris dansent). Idioms (manger de la vache enragée) and unique phraseological units (appeler un chat un chat) are distinguished according to semantic classification. According to the functional criterion, phraseological units are divided into communicative (да-реному коню в зубы не смотрят/ à cheval donné on ne regarde pas la bouche) and non-communicative (конек, глав-ный козырь/ cheval de bataille), including nominative and infinitive units. Comparing Russian and French phraseolog-ical units we can observe the following relations: coincidence of the plan of content and the image (играть как кошка с мышью/ jouer avec sa victime comme un chat avec une souris), coincidence of the plan of content and different im-ages ( не иметь ни кола, ни двора/ n’avoir ni cheval ni mule), difference of the plan of content and of images, but the presence of domestic animal’s name (кошки скребут на душе, avoir un chat dans la gorge). Phraseological units can сontain metaphor, продать (купить) кота в мешке/ vendre (acheter) chat en poche metonymy (Троянский конь/ cheval de Troie), comparison (amoureuse comme une chatte).
Feminitives in Russian and French: on the issue of gender connotation
Authors:   Moscow state regional university, Korzh Valentina I. , Skuratov Igor V. ,   Moscow state regional university
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of feminization of masculine nouns in French and Russian, which is important for achieving gender neutrality, i.e. equality of masculine and feminine words. The relevance of this problem lies in the fact that ambiguous ideas are quite often put into practice through words that are not familiar to our ears. Some examples in Russian are such words as «блогерка» (a female blogger), «авторка» (a female author), «профессорка» (a female professor), and others. And in French, la préfète, la magistrate, la députée and others. The authors of the article touch upon the issue of linguistic political correctness in relation to discriminated communities, or those considered discriminated: women, people of non-traditional sexual orientation, national, racial and religious minorities. There is also much discussion nowadays about people with disabilities The best example of how to erase the boundaries between the sexes in the Russian language is the word comrade. The work draws attention to the fact that the feminist community is not unanimous, since not everyone is in favor of feminitives. On the one hand, there is a group of radical feminists, and on the other, their opponents, who are definitely against innovations. In addition, we should not forget the majority of native speakers who speak at their convenience. The results of the study lead to the conclusion that if feminitives are regularly used, especially in the media and social networks, the society can get used to them very quickly. In other words, feminitives can penetrate the language if our life changes.
Gender aspects of children's speech behavior at different levels of the language system
Authors:   Ivanovo state university, Grigoryan Ashot A. , Chetverikova Viktoriya N. ,   Ivanovo state university
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to various (phonetic, lexical and grammatical) aspects of gender-language interplay. At all the levels analyzed, the authors focus on the problems which, in spite of all the attention previously received, remain debatable and open to different interpretations. At the level of phonetics, the authors draw attention to the phenomenon of the uptalk. This widespread linguistic phenomenon is – according to a traditional approach supported by a number of scholars – supposed to be an evidence of powerless and deficient women talk. However, there exist counter arguments proving that the situation is far from being that straightforward. At the lexical level, the authors focus on the pairs of the so-called parallel/seemingly equal terms denoting men and women. Having analyzed some of such pairs the authors reach the following conclusion: most of the words denoting women tend to undergo – with the course of time – the process of pejoration, whereas the words denoting men tend to develop in the opposite direction. A special attention is devoted to the level of grammar as the one where gender-language interplay is the least studied. Verbal transitivity – among other grammatical phenomena – is paid special attention to as it seems to be a salient factor in gender-language relations. Another grammatical point of interest in the article is the way gender may be intentionally or otherwise reflected in certain passive voice constructions.
Social and economic analysis of the interaction between priesthood and royalty in Ptolemaic Egypt
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Basalova Nataliya S.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes social and economic relations between the priesthood and the Ptolemaic kings. The author examines the peculiarities of this issue coverage in Russian and foreign scientific literature, concluding that the problem was viewed more from a materialistic, religious, or artistic perspective, but not from the point of view of socio-economic analysis. The author considers the well-known fact of the Ptolemies' tolerance to the existence of the priesthood caste and their specific status in Egyptian society and studies the specificity of economic relations between power and the priesthood. The author makes a conclusion about the existence of a complex financial scheme which was beneficial both for the Ptolemies and the priesthood, as it was aimed at increasing the amount of temple lands: on the one hand, the policy raised the prosperity and the social status of priests, but, on the other hand, it led to the increase of lands which belonged to the Ptolemies by right of supreme rulers. However, basing on documents, the author states that under the Ptolemies private property of the priests became symbolic and was subjected to forced sale in case the priests had any debts to the royal treasury. The author emphasizes the fact that under the Ptolemies the priesthood became legal holders of the temple posts, while under the pharaohs priests’ positions were hereditary. Thus, royal power could influence social policy of the church, while the pharaohs were not allowed to interfere in it. The author concludes that the introduction of the sale of temple posts affected not only the material position of the priests, but also their status, as it influenced the requirements set for the candidates to priests. The author also examines the methods of economic pressure on the part of the Ptolemies (asilia, apomoira), which led to both economic subjection of temples to royal power and to the loss of the priests' right of autonomy in financial matters.
Binary opposition «power/people» in S. Eisenstein's historical and biographical cinematography
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Tirakhova Varvara A.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the binary opposition «power/people» in Soviet historical and biographical films. The research material is S. Eisenstein’s iconic films Alexander Nevsky (1938) and Ivan the Terrible (1944). Having analyzed the development and transformation of the binary opposition «power/people» in Eisenstein's historical and biographical films in terms of plot, character system and composition, the author came to the following conclusions: characters of formal authority are often negatively marked. The image of the people is represented by an indivisible monolith. The binary opposition «power/people» is removed by the introduction of a mediator, the character which becomes a key one in films. In the film Alexander Nevsky, the image of the cultural hero, the title character, removes the conflict between the opposing sides: the image of the prince is opposed to the image of the official power and absorbs the features of the people's ruler. The image of the people, when interacting with the image of a cultural hero, becomes an ambivalent carrier of both power and heroic traits. In the film Ivan the Terrible, the development of the medial image of the tsar leads to the fact that he himself becomes the embodiment of absolute power, occupying the «powerful» side of the opposition. Thus, the binary opposition is replaced by the ambivalence of the ruler. The author concludes that the development of the opposition «power/people» in the historical and biographical cinema of the Stalinist time is representative of its period and demonstrates strengthening of the imperial discourse of Soviet ideology and the role of the ruler's personality.
Karelian epic poem by F. N. Glinka as a historical Christian legend
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Galanova Valeriya A.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the peculiarities of Fyodor Nikolayevich Glinka's poetry, his work, and the distinctive features of his poems. The attention is focused primarily on the poems: «Karelia, or the Imprisonment of Marfa Johannovna Romanova» (1830), «The Maiden of Karelian Forests» (1826). The poem Karelia, or the Imprisonment of Marfa Johannovna Romanova» is about the events during the Time of Troubles. The prince's mother, Marfa Ioannovna Romanovna, is exiled to Karelia as a result of a conspiracy. A traveling monk helps her survive her exile. He introduces her to the mythology and life of Karelia, comforts her and tells her about the divine miracles that occur in the north. Eventually, Marfa Ioannovna finds the strength to survive her exile and returns to her homeland. The poem also attracted the attention of A. Pushkin who wrote a review of the poem in 1830. The characters of the poem The Maiden of Karelian Forests are contemporaries of the author. A young man arrives in Karelia. There he meets a girl and her father who is hiding from the law. The poem ends with the return of the girl and the main hero from Karelia. Fyodor Glinka's artistic images, in particular the image of Karelia, attracted other poets as well, namely Eugeny Barstynsky and Vladimir Benediktov. Eugeny Barstinsky wrote his poem «Eda» in 1826. This poem is about love between a Finnish girl and a visiting hussar. The poet Vladimir Benediktov wrote several poems devoted to Glinka himself and Karelia. They were published in 1856. These poems are: The Cliff, The Lake and To the Playmates. All these poets wrote about Karelia, but only Glinka wrote in his poems about Christianity and history. Whereas Yevgeny Baratynsky and Vladimir Benediktov depict the splendor and beauty of Karelia, Fyodor Glinka's characters are engaged in spiritual quests among the Karelian nature and eventually gain true inner freedom.
Russian prison camp prose and сhinese literature of the «high walls»: one day of a prisoner in the novels by A. Solzhenitsyn and Tsun Weisi
Authors:   Southwest university in Chongqing, Boldyreva Elena M.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the system of creative roll calls of Alexander Solzhenitsyn and the сhinese writer Tsun Weisi, called by critics «Chinese Solzhenitsyn». The work of the writers is analyzed in the context of typologically similar trends in the russian and chinese literary process – russian prison camp prose and chinese literature of «wounds and scars» and «high walls literature», the fate of both writers is seen as an example of the complex confrontation between the individual and the totalitarian system. Comparing the works of Tsun Weisi and A. Solzhenitsyn the author reveals many motifs that are significant for the artistic world of the writers: rigid time localization and expansion of the time frame due to the introduction of heroes' memories into the narrative, description of the isolated world of the prison, the motive of physical and moral exhaustion, description of hard work and harsh realities of the surrounding nature, the motive of adversities and absurdity of the political system, motives of denunciation, betrayal and provocation. Along with this, the article considers significant differences in the reproduction of the main constants of prison camp discourse in Tsun Weisi and A. Solzhenitsyn’s works: relations among prisoners and between the authorities and prisoners, the ideological component of Tsun Weisi’s prison discourse, when the camp becomes a micro-model of the political system in the country, ideological and political priorities, determining the reduction of the object world and the poster character of the chinese writer, a high stone wall as a symbol of the Great Wall of China, impassable prison walls and the a priori doomed attempts to combat absurdity and injustice in an ever-changing brutal political reality.
B. Sh. Okudzhava in the periodicals of the third wave of emigration
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Egorov Mikhail Y.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is to study materials on the work and life of B. Sh. Okudzhava, as well as all references to B. Sh. Okudzhava in the periodicals of the third wave of emigration – in three émigré journals, Time and Us (118 issues in total, 1975 (year of first issue) – 1992), Continent (74 issues in total, 1974 (year of first issue) – 1992), and Syntax (33 issues in total, 1978 (year of first issue) – 1992). To conduct the research, 225 issues of magazines of the Russian diaspora abroad were studied. Frontal sampling of information related to B. Sh. Okudzhava was done from the above mentioned issues. None of these magazines published B. Sh. Okudzhava's poetry or prose. The total number of publications mentioning Okudzhava is: Continent – 61, Time and Us – 31, Syntax – 17. It is worth mentioning that Okudzhava joined the editorial board of Continent in 1990 (No. 65) and left it in 1994 (starting with No. 84). The first mention of B. Sh. Okudzhava was in the Continent in 1975, in No. 5. Most of the references to B. Sh. Okudzhava in the articles are complimentary in nature. The image of B. Sh. Okudzhava formed in the periodicals of the third wave of emigration can be described as follows: a romantic poet, a historical novelist, generally deserving the highest ratings, actively influencing the development of «other» literature in the USSR, who enjoys great authority in public life despite compromises with the official structures.
Textual characteristics of multicomponent structures built according to sequential subordination and parallel models
Authors:   Military academy of nuclear, chemical and biological protection named after Marshal S.K. Timoshenko, Galkina Nataliya P.
Published: October 2021

The object of the analysis is complex sentences including two or more subordinate clauses with the meaning of condition, cause, purpose, concession, which in general constitute the category of conditionality. Multicomponent sentences expressing the close interconnection of these relations represent a microtext, making it possible to study various textual characteristics. The analysis is based on the multicomponent complex sentences built according to models of sequential subordination and parallel models, and is devoted to their textual characteristics. The latter include both universal text categories inherent in any text, and optional, inherent only in certain types of text. It is shown how the main text categories such as cohesion, processuality, integrity, continuum are realized within the microtext-sentence. The interrelation of the structure of multicomponent complex sentences, their content and the communicative task of the statement is emphasized. On the example of contaminated structures with various types of connection (compositional, subordinate, asyndetic), it is shown that the combination of multiple methods and techniques constitutes tectonic means of text formation. It is confirmed that in the structural-semantic context, the main nominative and communicative units of the language system, a word and a sentence, acquire meaning increments and turn into “text words” and “text sentences”. It is concluded that multicomponent complex sentences with subordinate clauses are microtext with more or less integral meaning. The combination of various types of syntactic link, various types of inclusions, repetition, parallelism, providing a clear structural form of complex constructions, on the one hand, are means of dispersing meanings, and on the other hand, they unite separate structural and semantic components of the statement into a single whole, creating the basis of text-forming relations.
‘Espantos legíveis’
Authors: Mannarino Ana
Published: October 2021

O texto aborda a produção do artista Waltercio Caldas (Rio de Janeiro, 1946) a partir do encontro entre palavra escrita e visualidade, refletindo sobre a experiência que esse tipo de combinação é capaz de produzir, tanto do ponto de vista da arte como também do ponto de vista mais amplo da linguagem em geral. Serão analisadas três obras do artista: o ensaio visual Ficção nas coisas (2012), o conjunto de trabalhos intitulado Frases sólidas (2002) e as instalações da Série Veneza (1997). As análises partem da vivência dos trabalhos, na conjunção entre visão e leitura que promovem, de declarações do artista sobre a sua produção que explora a união entre escrita e visualidade, além de textos críticos sobre sua obra e de referências da história da arte que ajudam a pensar seus trabalhos sob o ponto de vista da junção entre palavra e artes visuais: Mallarmé, Marcel Duchamp, o movimento Surrealista e os movimentos concretistas brasileiros. Os experimentos de Waltercio Caldas com a palavra escrita nos levam ao entendimento de que a arte, pela via da experiência sensível, possibilita a reflexão sobre a linguagem e seus limites, tensionando-a de um modo que a via do conceito não seria capaz de fazê-lo.
Validación al castellano de la Body Responsiveness Connection Scale (Escala de Respuesta Corporal (ERC)	en médicos internos del hospital San Rafael de Tunja in Colombia
Authors: Alba Maldonado Juan Carlos , Vargas Rodríguez Ledmar Jovanny , Gordillo Navas Gladys
Published: October 2021

La conexión entre mente y cuerpo hace referencia al proceso de terapias de autorregulación diseñadas para aumentar tanto el bienestar físico como el mental. Objetivo: Determinar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Respuesta Corporal (ERC) en una población de médicos internos y residentes del hospital San Rafael, en la ciudad de Tunja (Colombia). Material y métodos: Se realizó una traducción y retro-traducción de la Body Responseveness Connection Scale. El instrumento fue aplicado a 112 médicos internos del Hospital San Rafael de Tunja, entre18 y 35 años. Se analizó la consistencia interna del instrumento mediante el test α Cronbach, y la fiabilidad test- retest con el coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Resultados: La edad promedio de los participantes fue de 23,5 años (DE ± 2,06 años), la mayoría fueron mujeres. El 38.4% provenían de universidades públicas y el 62,4% no realizaban actividades adicionales en su tiempo libre. La consistencia interna de la escala fue de 0,87. El coeficiente de correlación fue mayor de 0,6 en la mayoría de los ítems. Conclusiones: La Escala de Respuesta Corporal en personal de la salud presenta propiedades psicométricas similares a la versión original, con adecuada confiabilidad y validez, factores que permiten evaluar aspectos relevantes de conciencia y disociación corporal
CRITICAL FLOW PREDICTION MODELS FOR THE COOLANT AT SUPERCRITICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Fedorov D. , Tuz V. , Klevtsov S.
Published: October 2021

An interest of the problems of various thermophysical and hydrodynamic phenomena in the nuclear industry, determined by the real application in the field of analysis of the accident scenarios related to the loss of coolant accident. For the generic super critical water reactor the meaning of the problem at the initial stage of the critical flow process, is the existing of the uncertainty in the accepting boundary conditions to predict the flow characteristics. The article provides an analytical review of existing approaches for describing the critical flow phenomenon of the medium and to focus on the current predictive models. A description of the physical nature of such a phenomenon is provided. The scope of consideration includes information from the literature for single and two-phase flow, taking into account their physical basis and the assumptions made. The task of the work was to analyze the information found and to evaluate and update the data on the application of the models to obtain the critical characteristic. It was supposed to highlight the physical aspects and peculiarities of this phenomenon, as applied to the coolant at supercritical parameters. To formulate important requirements to the representative critical flow model for the possibility of its use in the system codes for evaluation of the nuclear safety problems of promising fourth generation nuclear reactors.
ВІЙСЬКОВОПОЛОНЕНІ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ЦУКРОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ ГУБ. В РОКИ ПЕРШОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Степанова О.
Published: October 2021

Стаття присвячена аналізові проблеми використання праці військовополонених у цукровій промисловості Чернігівської губ. в період від початку Першої світової війни до Жовтневого перевороту. На основі архівних джерел проаналізовано стан промисловості та визначено фактори появи в ній негативних тенденцій. Особливу увагу приділено розгляду законодавства, що регулювало правове становище та умови утримання військовополонених.

Ключові слова: військовополонені, Перша світова війна, цукрова промисловість, Чернігівська губернія, економічна криза.
РОЛЬ ВЕЛИКОЇ БРИТАНІЇ У СТАНОВЛЕННІ ЗОВНІШНЬОЇ І БЕЗПЕКОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ (1990–2019 РР.)
Authors: Грубінко А. В.
Published: October 2021

У статті представлено результати дослідження історичної ролі та особливостей участі Великої Британії у формуванні й реалізації Спільної зовнішньої та безпекової політики Європейського Союзу. Сформульовано висновок про те, що можливості СПБО ЄС приваблювали керівництво Великої Британії, але поглиблення її участі в інтеграції стримували усталені принципи зовнішньої політики. Керівництво держави різних періодів знехтувало об’єктивними можливостями її лідерства в ЄC у сфері зовнішньої і безпекової політики. Загалом Великій Британії не вдалося віднайти свого місця в європейському об’єднанні, логічним наслідком чого став Brexit та вихід держави з Європейського Союзу.

Keywords: Велика Британія, європейська інтеграція, Європейський Союз, Спільна зовнішня політика і політика безпеки, Спільна політика безпеки та оборони, Brexit, Україна.