bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Figure S2 from An Engineered Self-biomineralized Oncolytic Adenovirus Induces Effective Antitumor Immunity and Synergizes With Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Wang Shibing , Yang Xue , Ma Ying-Yu , Wu Junjie , Jin Ketao , Zhao Ruibo , Zou Hai , Mou Xiaozhou
Published: November 2024

Figure S2. (A) Competition assay with CAR-specific antibody in SW1990, BxPC-3 and MCF-7 cells. (B) Neutralization of oADV-W6-CaP or oADV-W6 in SW1990, BxPC-3 and MCF-7 cells with anti-Ad5 serum at indicated dilutions.
Figure S13 from The Spatial Structure of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Can Explain and Predict Patient Response in High-Grade Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Van Kleunen Lucy B. , Ahmadian Mansooreh , Post Miriam D. , Wolsky Rebecca J. , Rickert Christian , Jordan Kimberly R. , Hu Junxiao , Richer Jennifer K. , Brubaker Lindsay W. , Marjon Nicole , Behbakht Kian , Sikora Matthew J. , Bitler Benjamin G. , Clauset Aaron
Published: November 2024

Fig S13. Spatial network creation demonstration. (A) One of the samples (FOV ID 9) visualized after cell segmentation and phenotyping, with each cell type a different color. (B) First, Delaunay triangulation was used to connect spatial neighbors. (C) Next, the edges larger than 50 pixels (∼24.4 μm) were removed to create the final spatial network used in the analysis. (D) To compute the mean region size, edges between cells of different types were removed and we computed the mean size of connected components for each cell type.
Figure S10 from An Engineered Self-biomineralized Oncolytic Adenovirus Induces Effective Antitumor Immunity and Synergizes With Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Wang Shibing , Yang Xue , Ma Ying-Yu , Wu Junjie , Jin Ketao , Zhao Ruibo , Zou Hai , Mou Xiaozhou
Published: November 2024

Figure S10. Preparation process of oADV-W6-CaP and schematic diagram of oADV-W6-CaP-induced cancer immunotherapy.
Figure S11 from The Spatial Structure of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Can Explain and Predict Patient Response in High-Grade Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Van Kleunen Lucy B. , Ahmadian Mansooreh , Post Miriam D. , Wolsky Rebecca J. , Rickert Christian , Jordan Kimberly R. , Hu Junxiao , Richer Jennifer K. , Brubaker Lindsay W. , Marjon Nicole , Behbakht Kian , Sikora Matthew J. , Bitler Benjamin G. , Clauset Aaron
Published: November 2024

Fig S11. Example feature representation maps. Feature representation (FR) map images are shown here for an example FOV (FOV ID 9). FR maps are de-noised using a customized pipeline for analyzing MIBI data and were used for cell phenotyping.
Figure S1 from The Spatial Structure of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Can Explain and Predict Patient Response in High-Grade Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Van Kleunen Lucy B. , Ahmadian Mansooreh , Post Miriam D. , Wolsky Rebecca J. , Rickert Christian , Jordan Kimberly R. , Hu Junxiao , Richer Jennifer K. , Brubaker Lindsay W. , Marjon Nicole , Behbakht Kian , Sikora Matthew J. , Bitler Benjamin G. , Clauset Aaron
Published: November 2024

Fig S1. Exclusion criteria for samples excluded from the analysis. Samples were excluded from the analysis based on cell type proportions. (A) Tumor cell proportion across the samples, samples were only excluded if they had no tumor cells (N = 3). (B) Unidentified cell proportion across the samples, samples were excluded if their unidentified cell proportion was over 0.65 (N = 2).
Supplementary Figure 7 from Tumor-Associated Antigen Burden Correlates with Immune Checkpoint Blockade Benefit in Tumors with Low Levels of T-cell Exhaustion
Authors: Wang Yue , Hu Mengying , Finn Olivera J. , Wang Xiao-Song
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 7. Three-way interactions between TMB, Ecotyper CD8 S3 signature, and the association of TAB with ICB benefit in urothelial carcinoma patients of the IMVigor210 cohort. a) Johnson-Neyman plot showing the correlation of the slope of TAB with Ecotyper signature of exhausted CD8 T cell (S3) in patient subjects stratified based on median TMB levels. b) Johnson-Neyman plot showing the correlation of the slope of TAB with foundation one TMB in patient subjects stratified based on Ecotyper CD8 S3 signature (high vs unelevated). The y-axis shows the slope of TAB, which is calculated based on its slope of correlation with binary responses (CR/PR vs SD/PD).
Figure S3 from Age-Associated Contraction of Tumor-Specific T Cells Impairs Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Georgiev Peter , Han SeongJun , Huang Amy Y. , Nguyen Thao H. , Drijvers Jefte M. , Creasey Hannah , Pereira Joseph A. , Yao Cong-Hui , Park Joon Seok , Conway Thomas S. , Fung Megan E. , Liang Dan , Peluso Michael , Joshi Shakchhi , Rowe Jared H. , Miller Brian C. , Freeman Gordon J. , Sharpe Arlene H. , Haigis Marcia C. , Ringel Alison E.
Published: November 2024

Supplemental Figure 3
Figure S1 from Age-Associated Contraction of Tumor-Specific T Cells Impairs Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Georgiev Peter , Han SeongJun , Huang Amy Y. , Nguyen Thao H. , Drijvers Jefte M. , Creasey Hannah , Pereira Joseph A. , Yao Cong-Hui , Park Joon Seok , Conway Thomas S. , Fung Megan E. , Liang Dan , Peluso Michael , Joshi Shakchhi , Rowe Jared H. , Miller Brian C. , Freeman Gordon J. , Sharpe Arlene H. , Haigis Marcia C. , Ringel Alison E.
Published: November 2024

Supplemental Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 10 from Tumor-Associated Antigen Burden Correlates with Immune Checkpoint Blockade Benefit in Tumors with Low Levels of T-cell Exhaustion
Authors: Wang Yue , Hu Mengying , Finn Olivera J. , Wang Xiao-Song
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 10. Associations of TAA and CTA burdens with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the TCGA bladder cancer dataset. (a) Association of TAA burden with patient survival in the TCGA bladder cancer dataset. (b) Association of CTA burden with patient survival in the TCGA bladder cancer dataset. Patients are stratified based on Ecotyper CD8 S3 scores (median + median absolute deviation). The p-values are calculated based on log rank tests.
Figure S3 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Authors: Pant Ayush , Jain Aanchal , Chen Yiyun , Patel Kisha , Saleh Laura , Tzeng Stephany , Nitta Ryan T. , Zhao Liang , Wu Caren Yu-Ju , Bederson Maria , Wang William Lee , Bergsneider Brandon Hwa-Lin , Choi John , Medikonda Ravi , Verma Rohit , Cho Kwang Bog , Kim Lily H. , Kim Jennifer E. , Yazigi Eli , Lee Si Yeon , Rajendran Sakthi , Rajappa Prajwal , Mackall Crystal L. , Li Gordon , Tyler Betty , Brem Henry , Pardoll Drew M. , Lim Michael , Jackson Christopher M.
Published: November 2024

Figure S3: Ccr6-/- Tregs are transcriptionally and metabolically distinct from WT Tregs.
Data from CD36+ Proinflammatory Macrophages Interact with ZCCHC12+ Tumor Cells in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Promoting Tumor Progression and Recurrence
Authors: Zhang Xin , Guo Limei , Tian Wenyu , Yang Ying , Yin Yue , Qiu Yaruo , Wang Weixuan , Li Yang , Zhang Guangze , Zhao Xuyang , Wang Guangxi , Lin Zhiqiang , Yang Meng , Zhao Wei , Lu Dan
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Local recurrence and distal metastasis negatively impact the survival and quality of life in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Therefore, identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PTC is clinically crucial. In this study, we performed a multiomics analysis that identified a subset of CD36+ proinflammatory macrophages within the tumor microenvironment of PTC. The recruitment of CD36+ macrophages to premalignant regions strongly correlated with unfavorable outcomes in PTC, and the presence of tumor-infiltrating CD36+ macrophages was determined to be a risk factor for recurrence. The CD36+ macrophages exhibited interactions with metabolically active ZCCHC12+ tumor cells. By secreting SPP1, the CD36+ macrophages activated the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, thereby promoting proliferation of the cancer cells. Dysregulation of iodine metabolism was closely related to the acquisition of the pro-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages. Iodine supplementation inhibited the activation of proinflammatory signaling and impeded the development of CD36+ macrophages by enhancing DUSP2 expression. Overall, our findings shed light on the intricate cross-talk between CD36+ macrophages and ZCCHC12+ tumor cells, providing valuable insights for the treatment and prognosis of PTC.
Data from The Spatial Structure of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Can Explain and Predict Patient Response in High-Grade Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Van Kleunen Lucy B. , Ahmadian Mansooreh , Post Miriam D. , Wolsky Rebecca J. , Rickert Christian , Jordan Kimberly R. , Hu Junxiao , Richer Jennifer K. , Brubaker Lindsay W. , Marjon Nicole , Behbakht Kian , Sikora Matthew J. , Bitler Benjamin G. , Clauset Aaron
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy, and therapeutic options and mortality rates over the last three decades have largely not changed. Recent studies indicate that the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) influences patient outcomes. To improve spatial understanding of the TIME, we performed multiplexed ion beam imaging on 83 human high-grade serous carcinoma tumor samples, identifying approximately 160,000 cells across 23 cell types. From the 77 of these samples that met inclusion criteria, we generated composition features based on cell type proportions, spatial features based on the distances between cell types, and spatial network features representing cell interactions and cell clustering patterns, which we linked to traditional clinical and IHC variables and patient overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) outcomes. Among these features, we found several significant univariate correlations, including B-cell contact with M1 macrophages (OS HR = 0.696; P = 0.011; PFS HR = 0.734; P = 0.039). We then used high-dimensional random forest models to evaluate out-of-sample predictive performance for OS and PFS outcomes and to derive relative feature importance scores for each feature. The top model for predicting low or high PFS used TIME composition and spatial features and achieved an average AUC score of 0.71. The results demonstrate the importance of spatial structure in understanding how the TIME contributes to treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the present study provides a generalizable roadmap for spatial analyses of the TIME in ovarian cancer research.
Table 7 from Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Multivariable-adjusted HRs including R-SOD activity as a continuous variable for future risk of cancer in the total, women, and men cohorts
Table 4 from Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Incidence of cancer events by sex-specific R-SOD quartile
Table 2 from Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Baseline characteristics of participants with or without cancer
Figure 1 from Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Study population.
Wët Wët Fxi´zenxis umna. Buen Vivir tejiendo estrategia para fortalecer la identidad cultural con los niñas y niños del resguardo de Potrerito Pueblo Nasa
Authors: Campo Bisus Deicy Yobana , Méndez Cucaita Ginna Constanza
Published: November 2024

Los saberes ancestrales de las comunidades indígenas están enraizados en la medicina, la alimentación basada en la agricultura y la semilla propia, en lenguas ancestrales, prácticas de cuidado espirituales, protección de los territorios, del medio ambiente y el riego y la educación propia. Estas características son importantes ya que permiten una manera de vivir y recordar los usos, costumbres y tradiciones ancestrales que perviven a través del tiempo. Con el fin de analizar los saberes y las formas como se fomenta su rescate y revalorización, este artículo presenta una revisión sobre el Buen Vivir o Wët wët fxi´zenxis umna, que en lengua Nasa Yuwe es el fundamento para la vida, la comunidad, el plan de vida colectivo con base en la cosmogonía del pueblo Nasa. El Buen Vivir emerge de la cosmovisión y el territorio Nasa, es además de una forma de vivir, identidad, arraigo, conciencia histórica, memoria y ancestralidad.
Mapana, alimentação escolar e soberania alimentar dos Ticuna (Magüta)
Authors: Matarezio Filho Edson Tosta , Pedrosa Hermísia Coêlho
Published: November 2024

Este artículo se propone presentar un panorama de la situación de la seguridad alimentaria en Brasil, con especial atención a la región Norte. Luego, discutimos los dos principales programas gubernamentales que implementaron la provisión de alimentación escolar (Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar - PNAE y Programa de Adquisición de Alimentos - PAA) y, finalmente, abordamos una de las experiencias más exitosas de suministro de productos a la alimentación escolar producida. por la Asociación de Mujeres Indígenas Ticuna Mapana.
Reverberações, ecos e fragmentos do terror e da intimidade na Audiência Pública da ADPF das Favelas
Authors: Vianna Adriana
Published: November 2024

Setting out from testimonies presented by members of movements of relatives of the victims of police violence during the Public Hearing on ADPF 635, in April 2021, the article explores some of the connections between terror and intimacy. This aim in mind, it focuses on what are perceived as echoes or reverberations of what is said, like the fragments that tell us of the importance of the home, routine and relationships for the understanding of the diffuse force of terror.
Inscrições etnográficas do terror estatal-miliciano no Rio de Janeiro:da extração de lucro, da vida e de corpos
Authors: Araújo Fábio
Published: November 2024

Este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre los flujos de poder que conectan desapariciones y muertes violentas con un lenguaje de terror. Se busca problematizar las condiciones prácticas en las que se ejerce el derecho a matar, a dejar vivir o a someter a la muerte y el lugar reservado a la vida, a la muerte y al cuerpo humano, en particular al cuerpo herido o asesinado; es decir, el lugar que ocupa el cuerpo dentro del orden del poder.
Sobre o terror e o etnocídio
Authors: Feltran Gabriel
Published: November 2024

Comentário de Gabriel Feltran ao dossiê Terror e Intimidade: Perspectivas etnográficas e desafios conceituais.
Bleeding Associated With Antiarrhythmic Drugs in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Using Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Nationwide Population Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Victor Chien‐Chia , Wang Chun‐Li , Huang Yu‐Chang , Tu Hui‐Tzu , Huang Yu‐Tung , Kuo Chang‐Fu , Chen Shao‐Wei , Hung Kuo‐Chun , Wen Ming‐Shien , Chang Shang‐Hung
Published: November 2024

Background

This study investigated drug–drug interactions in patients with atrial fibrillation taking both a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) and an antiarrhythmic drug.

Methods and Results

Using data from the National Health Insurance database (2012–2018), we identified 78 805 patients with atrial fibrillation on DOACs, with 24 142 taking amiodarone, 8631 taking propafenone, 2784 taking dronedarone, 297 taking flecainide, 177 taking sotalol, and 42 772 on DOACs alone. Patients with bradycardia, heart block, heart failure, mitral stenosis, prosthetic valves, or incomplete data were excluded. Propensity score matching compared those taking both DOACs and antiarrhythmic drugs with those on DOACs alone. There was an increased risk of major bleeding in patients concomitantly taking DOACs with amiodarone when compared with matched patients taking DOACs alone (hazard ratio [HR],1.13 [95% CI, 1.04–1.23];
P
=0.0044), particularly in patients taking dabigatran (HR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.03–1.38];
P
=0.0175). No significant difference in bleeding risk was found for propafenone, dronedarone, flecainide, or sotalol. The small sample sizes in the flecainide and sotalol groups limit interpretation. Notably, intracranial bleeding risk was higher in patients on DOACs and amiodarone, regardless of age. Additionally, patients <80 years old taking dabigatran with amiodarone or propafenone had a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Conclusions

Concomitant use of DOACs with amiodarone, but not dronedarone or propafenone, increases the risk of major bleeding, particularly intracranial bleeding. This study provides new evidence to guide clinicians to tailor concomitant anticoagulation and antiarrhythmic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation.
Incidence and Outcomes After Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest at Train Stations in Denmark
Authors: Sheikh Annam Pervez , Grabmayr Anne Juul , Kjølbye Julie Samsøe , Ersbøll Annette Kjær , Hansen Carolina Malta , Folke Fredrik
Published: November 2024

Background

Following international guidelines, communities have deployed automated external defibrillators at train stations without substantive evidence.

Methods and Results

We geocoded public out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) (2016–2020), automated external defibrillators, and train stations. The stations were divided into the following groups according to passenger flow: 1 (0–499), 2 (500–4999), 3 (5000–9999), and 4 (>10 000) passengers per day. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using Poisson regression of rates, and odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed through logistic regression. OHCAs at train stations accounted for 102 (2.3%) of 4467 public OHCAs. The incidence rate (IR) and RR for OHCAs were for group 1: IR, 0.02 OHCA per station per year, RR, 1.0 (reference); group 2: IR, 0.07, RR, 4.1 (95% CI, 2.3–7.3); group 3: IR, 0.25, RR, 12.7 (95% CI, 6.2–25.9); and group 4: IR, 0.34, RR, 16.3 (95% CI, 8.6–30.9).

Compared with other public OHCAs, OHCAs at train stations were just as likely to receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OR, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.60–2.12]). However, they had higher odds of bystander defibrillation (OR, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.06–2.58]), were more likely to achieve return of spontaneous circulation (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.24–2.85]), and survive 30 days (OR, 2.37 [95% CI, 1.57–3.59]).

Conclusions

The incidence of OHCAs at train stations was associated with passenger flow, with the busiest stations having a 16‐fold higher risk of OHCAs than the lowest. OHCAs at train stations had better outcomes compared with other public OHCAs.
Invasive Versus Conservative Strategy in Older Adults ≥75 Years of Age With Non–ST‐segment–Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Rout Amit , Moumneh Mohamad B. , Kalra Kriti , Singh Sahib , Garg Aakash , Kunadian Vijay , Biscaglia Simone , Alkhouli Mohamad A. , Rymer Jennifer A. , Batchelor Wayne B. , Nanna Michael G. , Damluji Abdulla A.
Published: November 2024

Background

Older adults with non–ST‐segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome are less likely to undergo an invasive strategy compared with younger patients. Randomized controlled trials traditionally exclude older adults because of their high burden of geriatric conditions.

Methods and Results

We searched for randomized controlled trials comparing invasive versus medical management or a selective invasive (conservative) strategy for older patients (age≥75 years) with non–ST‐segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome. Fixed effects meta‐analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI for the composite of death or myocardial infarction (MI) and individual secondary end points of all‐cause death, cardiovascular death, MI, revascularization, stroke, and major bleeding. Nine studies with 2429 patients (invasive: 1228 versus control: 1201) with a mean follow‐up of 21 months were included. An invasive strategy was associated with a significantly decreased risk of a composite of death and MI (OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.54–0.83],
P
<0.001), MI (OR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.45–0.70],
P
<0.001) and subsequent revascularization (OR, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.16–0.48],
P
<0.001). There was no difference in all‐cause death (OR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.65–1.10],
P
=0.21), cardiovascular death (OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.63–1.15],
P
=0.30), stroke (OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.38–1.47],
P
=0.39), or major bleeding (OR, 1.24 [95% CI, 0.42–3.66],
P
=0.70).

Conclusions

In older patients ≥75 years old with non–ST‐segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome, an invasive strategy reduced the risk of a composite of death and MI, MI, and subsequent revascularization compared with a conservative strategy alone. Older adults with higher burden of geriatric conditions should be included in future trials to improve generalizability to this growing population.
Associations Between Atherosclerosis and Subsequent Cognitive Decline: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liang Jie , Pan Yang , Zhang Wenya , Gao Darui , Ma Jingya , Zhang Yanyu , Ji Mengmeng , Dai Yiwen , Liu Yuling , Wang Yongqian , Zhu Yidan , Lu Bin , Xie Wuxiang , Zheng Fanfan
Published: November 2024

Background

This study aimed to examine whether baseline atherosclerosis was associated with subsequent short‐term domain‐specific cognitive decline.

Methods and Results

This research was based on the BRAVE (Beijing Research on Aging and Vessel) study, a population‐based prospective cohort study of adults aged 40 to 80 years, free of dementia. At baseline (wave 1, 2019), cognitive assessments and atherosclerosis measures, including carotid intima‐media thickness, carotid plaques, coronary artery calcification, and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity were conducted. Cognitive function was reassessed in wave 2 (2022–2023) using linear mixed models for analysis. A total of 932 participants (63.7% women; mean age, 60.0±6.9 years) were included. Compared with the lowest tertile of carotid intima‐media thickness, carotid plaques, and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity, or a coronary artery calcification score=0, the highest tertile of carotid intima‐media thickness (β=−0.065 SD/y [95% CI, −0.112 to −0.017];
P
=0.008), carotid plaques (β=−0.070 SD/y [95% CI, −0.130 to −0.011];
P
=0.021), and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (β=−0.057 SD/y [95% CI, −0.105 to −0.010];
P
=0.018), and a coronary artery calcification score≥400 (β=−0.081 SD/y [95% CI, −0.153 to −0.008];
P
=0.029) were significantly associated with a faster decline in semantic fluency after multivariable adjustment. Moreover, greater carotid intima‐media thickness, coronary artery calcification, and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity were significantly associated with a faster decline in global cognition.

Conclusions

More significant atherosclerosis was associated with faster semantic fluency and global cognition declines.
Super‐Enhancer–Driven Syndecan‐4 Regulates Intercellular Communication in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Wang Xiaoying , Zhu Xiangrui , Huang Wei , Wang Zhaosi , Mei Jian , Ou Langlin , Chen Yunwei , Ma Cui , Zhang Lixin
Published: November 2024

Background

Unveiling pro‐proliferation genes involved in crosstalk between pulmonary artery endothelial cells and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) are important to improving the therapeutic outcome of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Although growing studies have shown that super‐enhancers (SEs) play a pivotal role in pathological and physiological processes, the SE‐associated genes in PH and their impact on PASMC proliferation remain largely unexplored.

Methods and Results

We used serotype 5 adenovirus‐associated virus to interfere with syndecan‐4 and constructed an SU5416 combined with hypoxia–PH model. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and bioinformatics were used to confirm early growth response 1 was involved in regulating syndecan‐4‐associated SE in PASMCs. The effects of syndecan‐4 and its underlying mechanisms were subsequently elucidated using Western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, and cell coculture assays. Herein, we identified a novel SE‐associated gene, syndecan‐4, in hypoxia‐exposed PASMCs. Syndecan‐4 was transcriptionally driven by early growth response 1 via an SE and was significantly overexpressed in hypoxic PASMCs and plasma from patients with PH. Mechanism studies revealed that syndecan‐4 induces PASMC proliferation by interacting and regulating protein kinase C α ubiquitination. In addition, syndecan‐4 was enriched in exosomes secreted from hypoxic PASMCs, which subsequently transported and led to pulmonary artery endothelial cell dysfunction. Syndecan‐4 inhibition in hypoxia by serotype 5 adenovirus‐associated virus treatment attenuated the pulmonary artery remodeling and development of PH in vivo.

Conclusions

Taken together, our results demonstrate that an SE‐driven syndecan‐4 modulates crosstalk of PASMCs and pulmonary artery endothelial cells and promotes vascular remodeling via the protein kinase C α and exosome pathway, thus providing potential targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of hypoxic PH.
Prognostic Value of Hospital Frailty Risk Score and Clinical Outcomes in Critical Limb‐Threatening Ischemia and End‐Stage Kidney Disease
Authors: Majmundar Monil , Chan Wan‐Chi , Bhat Vivek , Patel Kunal N. , Hance Kirk A. , Hajj Georges , Thors Axel , Gupta Kamal
Published: November 2024

Background

End‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) is commonly associated with critical limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) and frailty. Yet there are no specific tools to predict outcomes of CLTI in ESKD, particularly those that incorporate frailty. We aimed to assess the utility of the medical record–based Hospital Frailty Risk (HFR) score in predicting outcomes of CLTI in ESKD.

Methods and Results

We identified patients with ESKD diagnosed with CLTI from the US Renal Data System from 2015 to 2018. These patients were categorized into 3 frailty risk groups on the basis of their HFR scores: low (<5), intermediate (5–10), high‐risk (>10), and on the basis of whether they underwent revascularization (endovascular revascularization [ER]/surgical revascularization [SR]) or not (no revascularization). Primary outcomes of interest included in‐hospital composite of death or major amputation and in‐hospital death. We included 49 454 eligible patients, with ER/SR cohort including 19.8% (n=9777). A total of 88.4% (ER/SR) and 90.0% (no revascularization) were frail on the HFR scale. We found a nonlinear association between HFR score and in‐hospital adverse outcomes. In both cohorts, intermediate and high‐risk HFR scores were associated with greater risk of in‐hospital death (high‐risk, ER/SR: odds ratio, 2.7 [95% CI, 1.6–4.8];
P
<0.0001; no revascularization: odds ratio, 7.8 [95% CI, 5.3–11.6];
P
<0.01) and composite of in‐hospital major amputation or death (high‐risk, ER/SR: odds ratio, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.9–3.1];
P
<0.0001; no revascularization: odds ratio, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.5–1.9];
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions

The HFR score can predict risk of in‐hospital death and composite of death or major amputation in patients with ESKD and CLTI. Further data are needed to determine the utility of the HFR score in this population.
Morbidity Burden in Patients With Ebstein Anomaly: The Natural History
Authors: Eckerström Filip , Hjortdal Vibeke Elisabeth , Eriksson Peter , Dellborg Mikael , Mandalenakis Zacharias
Published: November 2024

Background

The lifetime morbidity burden of patients with Ebstein anomaly (EA) has not been well described.

Methods and Results

Through an extensive 2‐country register‐based collaboration, patients diagnosed with EA who were born between 1930 and 2017 were identified in Danish and Swedish nationwide medical registries. Each patient was matched by age and sex with 10 control subjects from the general population. Cox proportional‐hazards regression, Fine–Gray competing risk regression, and Kaplan–Meier failure function were used to estimate the morbidity burden. The study included 794 patients diagnosed with EA and 7940 controls, with a median follow‐up period of 33 years. Among patients with EA, approximately half (n=442) had isolated EA, and 28% (n=218) had concomitant atrial septal defect. Patients with complex anatomy demonstrated the highest cardiovascular morbidity burden, followed by those with concomitant atrial septal defect and isolated EA. The lifetime cumulative incidence of supraventricular arrhythmia and ventricular preexcitation in patients with EA, with or without atrial septal defect, was approximately 70% and 19%, respectively. Supraventricular arrhythmia substantially increased the risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 22.6 [95% CI, 11.1–45.9]). Presence of atrial septal defect significantly affected arrhythmia and heart failure burden compared with isolated EA. In the total cohort of patients with EA, supraventricular arrhythmia onset led to an immediate high incidence of heart failure, with a 10‐year cumulative incidence of 18%.

Conclusions

The natural history of EA, whether isolated or not, involves a substantial burden of cardiovascular morbidity and thus a highly vulnerable long‐term prognosis.
Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Medical Costs, Health Care Use, and Labor Productivity Among People With Hypertension
Authors: Lee Jun Soo , Segura Escano Raul , Therrien Nicole L. , Kumar Ashutosh , Bhatt Ami , Pollack Lisa M. , Jackson Sandra L. , Luo Feijun
Published: November 2024

Background

Hypertension affects nearly half of US adults yet remains inadequately controlled in over three‐quarters of these cases. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to antihypertensive medications and total medical costs, health care use, and productivity‐related outcomes.

Methods and Results

We conducted cross‐sectional analyses using MarketScan databases, which included individuals aged 18 to 64 years with noncapitated health insurance plans in 2019. Adherence was defined as ≥80% medication possession ratio for prescribed antihypertensive medications. We used a generalized linear model to estimate total medical costs, a negative binomial model to estimate health care use (emergency department visits and inpatient admissions), an exponential hurdle model to estimate productivity‐related outcomes (number of sick absences, short‐term disability, long‐term disability), and a 2‐part model to estimate productivity‐related costs in 2019 US dollars. All models were adjusted for age, sex, urbanicity, census region, and comorbidities. We reported average marginal effects for outcomes related to antihypertensive medication adherence. Among 379 503 individuals with hypertension in 2019, 54.4% adhered to antihypertensives. Per person, antihypertensive medication adherence was associated with $1441 lower total medical costs, $11 lower sick absence costs, $291 lower short‐term disability costs, and $69 lower long‐term disability costs. Per 1000 individuals, medication adherence was associated with lower health care use, including 200 fewer emergency department visits and 90 fewer inpatient admissions, and productivity‐related outcomes, including 20 fewer sick absence days and 442 fewer short‐term disability days.

Conclusions

Adherence to antihypertensives was consistently associated with lower total medical costs, reduced health care use, and improved productivity‐related outcomes.
Description of Timogenes pipanaco sp. nov., (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae) a new salt flat species from north western Argentina
Authors: BARRIOS-MONTIVERO ALEXIS E. , SALAS LILIANA B. , OJANGUREN-AFFILASTRO ANDRÉS A.
Published: November 2024

We describe Timogenes pipanaco sp. nov. (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae) from north western Argentina. This species is most similar to Timogenes haplochirus Maury & Roig Alsina 1977, both sharing a shallow internal excavation in pedipalp chela of males. This is the smallest known species of the genus with males averaging 33.3 mm, and is the only species of the genus with extremely reduced stridulatory organ. This species is apparently endemic to the Pipanaco salt flat in arid north western Argentina, and is active in spring. This is the first species of genus Timogenes described after 45 years.
Two new species of Diastatotropis Lacordaire from protected areas in central and east Madagascar (Coleoptera: Anthribidae)
Authors: TRÝZNA MILOŠ , BLAŽEJ LUKÁŠ , RAKOTONIRINA JEAN CLAUDE
Published: November 2024

Two new species, Diastatotropis lusti Trýzna, Blažej & Rakotonirina sp. nov. and Diastatotropis petulae Trýzna, Blažej & Rakotonirina sp. nov. (Anthribidae: Anthribinae: incertae sedis), from Madagascar are described, including colour habitus photographs, drawings of male and female genitalia, ecological notes and photographs of the habitat.
3. Institutional Systems, Disability Services, and the Tensions of Self-Advocacy and Disclosure
Authors: Lierman Ash
Published: November 2024

This chapter, and those following in Part 2, synthesize existing research on higher education experiences of neurodivergent students and those with invisible disabilities in several areas. This chapter begins by describing the issues students encounter in higher education in general and with overarching systems in institutions, including their choice of institution and curriculum, their experiences with campus disability services and accommodations, and their internal and external struggles with seeking and receiving support.
The Efficacy of Red Flag Warnings in Mitigating Human-Caused Wildfires across the Western United States
Authors: Abatzoglou J. T. , Fleishman E. , Williams E. L. , Rupp D. E. , Jenkins J. S. , Sadegh M.
Published: November 2024

Red flag warnings (RFWs) are issued by the U.S. National Weather Service to alert fire and emergency response agencies of weather conditions that are conducive to extreme wildfire growth. Distinct from most weather warnings that aim to reduce exposure to anticipated hazards, RFWs may also mitigate hazards by reducing the occurrence of new ignitions. We examined the efficacy of RFWs as a means of limiting human-caused wildfire ignitions. From 2006 to 2020, approximately 8% of wildfires across the western United States and 19% of large wildfires (≥40 ha) occurred on days with RFWs. Although the occurrence of both lightning- and human-caused wildfires was elevated on RFW days compared to adjacent days without RFWs, we found evidence that modification of short-term behavioral choices on RFW days may reduce the number of certain human-caused ignitions (e.g., debris burning). By contrast, there is limited historical evidence that RFWs reduce the number of ignitions caused by habitual behaviors (e.g., smoking) or infrastructure (e.g., power lines). Furthermore, the conditional probability of a human-caused wildfire becoming a large wildfire was 33% greater on days with RFWs, underscoring the value of wildfire prevention on these days. While RFWs are helpful in certain cases, our results suggest that their efficacy as a wildfire prevention measure has been somewhat limited in the western United States. As the biophysical wildfire potential and the density of people living in wildfire-prone areas increase, so do the benefits of improved wildfire early warning systems that complement other wildfire mitigation and adaptation efforts.
Manipulating Friends: Mossad's Covert Operations and Disinformation in Europe
Authors: Guttmann Aviva
Published: November 2024

Alongside targeted killing operations, intelligence agencies often organize disinformation campaigns to cast doubts about who is behind the murders. While there is a large body of literature that researches intelligence agencies’ efforts to influence the views of an enemy (such as propaganda or disinformation campaigns), this article looks at it differently: how does a disinformation campaign look like to influence the views of friendly counties or allies? The article focuses on specific reports sent by Mossad to European intelligence agencies during the early 1970s when Mossad was running a targeted assassination campaign in Europe. The reports that Mossad shared with its European partners provided alternative ways of interpreting Mossad assassinations. The article identifies two purposes of these cables beyond exchanging information: they allowed Mossad to feed disinformation to European agencies to deflect responsibility for the killings away from Israel. Later, they allowed European governments to plausibly deny knowledge of Israeli responsibility for Palestinian deaths and to continue to share intelligence with Mossad about Palestinian terrorist groups. This article advances current understandings of how states try to manipulate other states’ behaviour, and how friendly relations can be abused to foster one's own interests.
Impact of Long COVID symptoms on individuals in Hong Kong: Implications for occupational therapy practices
Authors: Tsui Chi-man , Chan Sze-chit , Lam Ling-fung , Lam Man-kit Jadon , Lee Tsz-yan , Leung Kelly
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

From occupational therapy perspective, this study investigates the nature and impact of Long COVID symptoms on individuals in Hong Kong according to their gender, age, and occupation and to understand their treatment needs

Method:

A total of 193 participants with an acute COVID-19 episode 3 months ago and having recovered from it who were experiencing subjective symptoms of Long COVID were recruited through snowball sampling from local COVID-19 support groups and healthcare facilities to participate in a cross-sectional design via an online survey assessing their symptoms and the impact on daily activities, and exploring their treatment preferences.

Findings:

Respiratory, systemic, sleep, and cognitive symptoms were found to be the most prevalent, with significant variations in symptom severity and impact on daily life across different age and occupational status groups. The treatment preference was quite strongly inclined to traditional Chinese medicine.

Conclusion:

This study has uncovered the critical and yet recognized roles of occupational therapy in managing Long COVID impact by identifying the potential gaps of occupational therapy in its management and calling for advocating promotion in the community and interdisciplinary collaboration with traditional Chinese medicine. Implications about occupational therapy management and the healthcare policies for tailoring treatment programs are discussed.
Collective Housing Tenure in Global Perspective: Articulations across the South/North Divide
Authors: Shelby Hayden
Published: November 2024

Though rich literatures exist on housing models using collective tenure in both the Global South and Global North, research across these geographies is rarely in the same scholarly conversation, and the field uses a variety of imprecise keywords. I put forward “collective housing tenure” as a global keyword to describe this family of programs. I outline the institutional forms of several models around the world, the theoretical frameworks scholars employ to understand them, and findings emerging from empirical research. I find several articulations between the models across South-North geographies, which invites further investigations into collective housing tenure as a traveling policy.
Predicting fungal infection sensitivity of sepals in harvested tomatoes using imaging spectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis
Authors: Bertotto Mercedes , de Villiers Hendrik AC , Chauhan Aneesh , Hogeveen-van Echtelt Esther , Mensink Manon , Grbovic Zeljana , Stefanovic Dimitrije , Panic Marko , Brdar Sanja
Published: November 2024

Tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) are a widely grown and globally traded vegetable, essential for both local consumption and international trade. However, approximately 30% of harvested tomato yields are lost due to fungal decay during postharvest handling. Timely disease identification is crucial to prevent such losses, but certain tomato varieties exhibit higher susceptibility to fungal infections than others. Additionally, there are variations in susceptibility among individual sepals, with unknown underlying causes. Traditional methods for assessing fungal presence in plants have limitations, such as sample destruction and a focus on symptom detection rather than evaluating susceptibility to fungal infection. Hence, there is a demand need for an accurate, non-destructive method capable of predicting susceptibility to fungal infection. The use of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with chemometrics presents a pioneering approach to address this need. In this study, three tomato cultivars (‘Brioso,’ ‘Cappricia,’ and ‘Provine’) were studied. Hyperspectral images were captured on day-1 of harvest, followed by controlled fungal growth conditions. Ground truth assessments were conducted by three experts on day-3 and day-4, averaging severity scores assigned per sepal. The methodology involved extracting spectra from HSI images and calibrating and validating models using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA), aiming to optimize model parameters for accurate predictions. The models were categorized into those developed using data from a single variety (intravariety) and those utilizing data from multiple varieties combined (global models). The best-performing intravariety model was established using the Cappricia variety, achieving a balanced accuracy of 0.84. Conversely, a global model combining Cappricia and Provine varieties achieved a balanced accuracy of 0.70. Overall, the results suggest that distinguishing between more and less susceptible sepals is feasible under controlled conditions.
Using Websites to Become Global Players in International Education: Insights from a Chinese University
Authors: Xu Xing , Sit Helena
Published: November 2024

Despite the emerging scholarship on efforts of (semi)peripheral countries to take up internationalization of higher education (HE), little attention has been paid to how these universities market international education to prospective students on their websites. These websites are a multimodal space marketing internationalization that has been rarely investigated from a diachronic perspective. This study focuses on a Chinese university and uses a multimodal semiotic approach to unpack (dis)similarities of its present website from its other earlier websites to uncover how internationalization of HE has been integrated from a comparative point of view. The research also investigates how internationalization discourses, ideologies and practices are mobilized and disseminated through website design. It reveals that the university under scrutiny has kept utilizing the same salient modes in its layout, video, text, and image to communicate to potential students. The (dis)similarities were supported by an increase in branding and marketing, which shapes internationalization of HE in China and beyond. This paper ends by discussing the practical implications for countries seeking to claim greater competitiveness in international HE.
Decompressive craniectomy versus craniotomy for acute subdural hematoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis with an adjusted subgroup analysis
Authors: Ali Syed Hasham , Tharwani Zoaib Habib , Siddiqui Asad Ali , Iqbal Fizza , Sadiq Mahnoor , Abdullah Ali , Khalid Abdullah , Ansari Huzaifa Ul Haq , Usman Muhammad , Qazi Shurjeel Uddin , Munaf Uzair , Haque Ibtehaj Ul , Marsia Shayan
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Acute subdural hematomas are major causes of morbidity which warrant immediate treatment. If surgical intervention is warranted, craniotomy (CO) and decompressive craniectomy (DC) are employed, largely based on a loosely defined criteria and the neurosurgeon’s best judgment. The primacy of one approach over another is a matter of dispute.

Objective

We attempt to further clarify any advantages in the two techniques, and include a propensity score matched (PSM) subgroup analysis to eliminate bias.

Design

This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Data Sources and Methods

A literature review was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar from inception to September 2023. 15 studies were extracted, and three outcomes were meta-analyzed: Mortality, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores and patients undergoing re-operations/revisions. Odds Ratios (OR) and Mean Difference (MD) were used in dichotomous and continuous variables respectively. PSM data was used wherever possible. A subgroup analysis was conducted with 5 PSM studies and a trial. Heterogeneity was addressed if above 40% and the P-value is significant (≤ .05).

Results

A total of 15 studies were meta-analyzed with a total of 2327 and 2171 patients undergoing CO and DC respectively. Patients undergoing DC had a significantly worse GOS 5 outcome (OR: .63 [95% CI: .45-.87]; P = .005; I2 = 0%) and higher mortality (OR: 1.58 [95% CI: 1.20-2.08]; P = .001; I2 = 67%). In subgroup analysis of adjusted studies, DC still had significantly higher mortality. (OR: 1.50 [95% CI: 1.03-2.18]; P = .001; I2 = 83%).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis determines that CO is more viable than DC as a surgical option due to its less invasive nature. DC can be employed, albeit under strict preprocedural patient selection and for highly specific indications.
Experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics and wake flow feature of triangular prisms with various round corner radius
Authors: Liu Yanhua , Fu Jiyang , He Yuncheng
Published: November 2024

In this work, particle image velocimetry (PIV) and wind pressure measurements are employed in the wind tunnel to investigate triangular prisms with different rounded corner radius. The effect of rounded corner radius on wind pressure distribution, aerodynamic force, and wake flow characteristics are analyzed. Results indicate that the surface wind pressure can be effectively reduced through filleting treatment, with an average drag coefficient decrease of 52.7% as the corner shape transitions from sharp to round. The continuous increase of the radius of the rounded corner causes an accretion of the fluctuating lift coefficient, and a slow decrease of the drag coefficient. The modification of the corner radius has a limited impact on the vortex shedding frequency, but the shedding vortex tend to gather the leeward side. Additionally, statistical analysis of wake flow shows that an increment in the rounded corner radius leads to a significant reduction in the wake recirculation region, amounting to 20.16%. Concurrently, the peak values of turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stress exhibit a pattern of initial increase followed by a decrease. On the other hand, results of proper orthogonal decomposition suggest that the spatial distribution of vortex structures becomes increasingly compact with the enlargement of the rounded corner radius.