bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Corruption Justice In The Perspective of Legal Sociology
Authors: Alfanny Hayfa Kayla Zendy , Kansil Christine S.T.
Published: February 2023

Sociology is ethical behavior. It is known that it is usually distinguished between mere behavior and ethical behavior (which is based on a clear conscience). His behavior includes behavior in the areas of trust, decency, disobedience, and law. Behavior that can be distinguished between normal behavior (fixed) and unique behavior Sociology of law pays attention to its attention to the law as a social phenomenon (behavior) with its reciprocal influence on other social phenomena (behavior too). Thus the possibility that one party is considered as an influencing factor (independent variable) and the other party is considered as an influencing factor (independent variable). Careful research activities are required. However, the sociology of law does not prioritize because both are the center of attention of science. Thus, the sociology of law first focuses on unwritten or customary law, usually customary law. With the first criterion, the behavior of carrying out the law (as), from other symptoms.
The Existence of Silariang Customary Delik In The Customary Law of Kajang Kab. Bulukumba Against Indonesian Law
Authors: Andalusia Zahra Zhafira , Kansil Christine ST
Published: February 2023

The factors that cause the occurrence of Silariang based on the customary law of the Kajang tribe are social stratification factors, where there are degrees of class. The factor of the lack of education and the occurrence of complex thoughts following the times so that sometimes they tend to forget their own culture without any interference from parents or from the family. Economic factors sareals overy influential for the two people to live independently so that what they do is considered not to violate applicable customs. And the promiscuity factor is then the lack of parental attention. Then the legal consequences for Silariang perpetrators, according to the people of Batunilamung Village, are the forms of sanctions that apply in Batunilamung Village, which are divided into three parts, namely: First, Principal Babbala means the most severe sanctions, fines for palaku as much as Sampulonrua reala or in Indonesian currency equivalent to one million two hundred thousand rupiahs is converted into Sibilangan angruangpulo reala in Indonesian currency equivalent to eighty million rupiahs. Second, Tangnga Babbala means that a medium or medium sanction is fined as much as Karua real equivalent to eight hundred thousand rupiahs which is changed to Karua pulo reala (eight million rupiahs) and approximately sixty million rupiahs for now. Third, Cappa Babbala means the lightest sanction is Annan reala equivalent to six hundred thousand rupiah in Indonesian currency converted to Annanpulo reala (six million rupiah) and equivalent to forty million rupiahs if it is equal to the current currency value plus one roll of cloth. White. So to give sanctions to perpetrators of customary violators depending on the violation.
Review Artikel : Hubungan Umur dengan Demam Tifoid
Authors: Masyrofah Diba , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Demam tifoid adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella typhi. Penularan ini dapat melalui air ataupun makanan yang tercemar oleh air seni dan feses penderita yang mengandung kuman tifoid. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah pasien dan penyebab demam tifoid yang dilihat dari karakteristik pasien, meliputi jenis kelamin dan umur pasien pada usia (5-11) tahun dan remaja usia (12-25) tahun. Demam tifoid dapat terjadi pada semua usia, Pada Usia anak 5-11 tahun merupakan usia sekolah dimana pada kelompok usia tersebut sering melakukan aktifitas di luar rumah, sehingga beresiko terinfeksi Salomonella typhi seperti jajan disekolah atau diluar rumah yang kurang terjamin kebersihannya (mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman yang terkontaminasi). Dalam menyusun review ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dalam bentuk referensi primer berupa jurnal nasional dan internasional 10 tahun terakhir. Kemudian, dalam menyusun ulasan ini menggunakan media online yaitu Google Scholar.  Dari hasil yang didapatkan pada beberapa jurnal Demam Tifoid disebabkan oleh faktor higienitas dan daya tahan tubuh.
Review Artikel: Pengaruh Penggunaan Vitamin C Pada Pasien Covid - 19
Authors: Putri Gita Kurniawati , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Virus Corona atau COVID 19 merupakan virus yang menyebabkan penyakit pada hewan atau manusia. Penyebaran virus ini diduga dilakukan oleh kelelawar dan hewan lain yang dimakan oleh manusia. Imunitas pasien Covid – 19 sangatlah penting, karena mempercepat proses penyembuhan. Vitamin C adalah nutrient dan vitamin yang larut dalam air dan penting untuk kehidupan serta menjaga kesehatan. Vitamin C juga dikenal dengan nama kimia yaitu asam askorbat. Studi literature ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan vitamin C pada pengobatan Pasien COVID – 19. Metode yang digunakan merupakan systematic literature review dengan mengumpulkan beberapa jurnal tentang pengobatan vitamin C pada pasien COVID – 19. Dari hasil yang diperoleh bahwa pemberian vitamin C sangat membantu dalam proses penyembuhan pasien COVID – 19 baik secara intravena maupun oral
Review Artikel: Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Malaria pada Balita
Authors: Malik Lhidya Halizah , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Malaria merupakan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh parasit Genus Plasmodium. Kurang gizi merupakan fenomena yang kompleks karena etiologinya multifaktorial dan manifestasi klinisnya bervariasi, kurang gizi akut bermanifestasi sebagai underweight, sedangkan kurang gizi kronis bermanifestasi sebagai stunting. Status gizi berkaitan dengan respons imun terhadap infeksi, disalah satu sisi status gizi juga menjadi faktor penting dari risiko dan prognosis penyakit menular, seperti malaria. Hubungan yang kompleks antara malaria dan kekurangan gizi, dampak individu dari penyakit ini, serta kombinasinya kepada balita sangat besar. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian malaria pada balita. Serta diharapkan penjelasan dari review ini, masyarakat dapat memperhatikan kesehatan. Dalam menyusun review ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dalam bentuk referensi primer berupa jurnal nasional dan internasional 10 tahun terakhir. Kemudian, dalam menyusun ulasan ini menggunakan media online yaitu Google Scholar. Dari hasil perbedaan hasil ini, kemungkinan disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, seperti pekerjaan orang tua, kekebalan tubuh, pengetahuan orang tua, dan tempat tinggal.
Review Artikel: Studi Farmakovigilans terhadap Kejadian Advers Drug Reactions (ADRs)
Authors: Fadhilah Hana , Salman Salman , Hilmi Indah Laily
Published: February 2023

Farmakoepidemiologi merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang penggunaan obat dan efek obat dalam populasi yang besar. Pharmacovigilance atau farmakovigilans termasuk ke dalam bidang farmakoepidemiologi yang merupakan kegiatan pengumpulan, deteksi, penilaian, pemahaman dan pencegahan dalam efek samping atau masalah terkait obat-obatan yang digunakan. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) adalah respon yang tidak diinginkan dari suatu obat yang terjadi pada dosis terapi penyakit. Studi farmakovigilans dilakukan untuk mencegah dan mengurangi angka kejadian ADRs di masyarakat. Tujuan dari review artikel ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pentingnya studi farmakovigilans terhadap kejadian ADRs yang ada pada masyarakat dengan mengidentifikasi kejadian ADRs yang memiliki kausalitas dengan penyakit. Metode yang digunakan melalui proses pencarian sumber review artikel dengan cara penelusuran jurnal penelitian dan artikel ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan studi farmakovigilans dalam farmakoepidemiologi. Data yang dihasilkan dari sepuluh jurnal penelitian yang berkaitan dengan studi farmakovigilans menghasilkan hasil analisis ADRs yang berbeda. Banyak ditemukan kejadian ADRs yang dipengaruhi oleh obat atau dari faktor lainnya. Kejadian ADRs dapat terjadi akibat terapi yang dilakukan pasien terhadap penyakit yang di derita dan menghasilkan keluhan atau efek yang berbeda pada setiap pasien. Studi literatur yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan data yang berkaitan dengan studi farmakovigilans terhadap kejadian ADRs seperti faktor kejadian dan metode yang digunakan. Kejadian ADRs dapat dikurangi dengan melakukan upaya penerapan farmakovigilans dan memperhatikan faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya ADRs.
Review Artikel: Hubungan Tingkat Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Fe dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Nurdimayanthi Diany Aprillia , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Suplemen zat besi menjadi satu diantara banyaknya suplemen yang diperlukan oleh ibu hamil. Pemberian tablet Fe pada ibu yang sedang mengandung bertujuan agar kejadian anemia di ibu hamil dapat berkurang. Penambahan kasus mengenai anemia terhadap ibu hamil di Indonesia masih terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahunnya. Hal ini disebabkan oleh rendahnya kepatuhan ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe. Di berbagai kota di Indonesia terlihat masih rendah tingkat kepatuhan ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe. Tujuan review ini untuk mengetahui hubungan mengenai kepatuhan ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analisis observasional dengan metode cross sectional. Hasil dari beberapa jurnal tersebut menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara tingkat kepatuhan dengan kasus anemia pada ibu hamil berdasarkan hasil karakteristik responden seperti usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status anemia, kepatuhan, pengetahuan, sikap dan lain-lain. Dalam upaya meningkatkan kepatuhan pada ibu hamil, diperlukan perhatian, penyuluhan dan dukungan keluarga agar kesehatan ibu dan janin terjamin.
Review Artikel: Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan Resistensi Antibiotika dalam Kalangan Masyarakat
Authors: Kurnia Klaritya Anisya , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman
Published: February 2023

Latar belakang: Antibiotik diperlukan untuk mengatasi infeksi yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri  patogen. Penggunaan antibiotik  untuk  mengatasi  infeksi  bakteri  bila  dilakukan  dengan  cara  yang  tidak  tepat dapat  membawa  akibat  yang  merugikan  baik  secara  klinis maupun  ekonomi.  Dosis, waktu dan frekuensi penggunaan yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi. Dari berbagai  penelitian di berbagai tempat dijumpai bahwa pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat dalam penggunaan antibiotik masih  kurang  bijak dan rasional. Salah satu permasalahan kesehatan yakni resistensi antibiotika dimana masyarakat Indonesia masih banyak yang belum memahami resistensi antibiotik yang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh perilaku penggunaan antibiotik. Beberapa faktor telah diketahui mampu mempengaruhi penggunaan termasuk tata kelola yang buruk, lemahnya implementasi penegakan hukum dan kurangnya pengetahuan. Tujuan: Review artikel ini menganalisa tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai antibiotik khususnya resistensi antibiotik. Metode: yang digunakan ialah literature review yang dianalisis dari beberapa publikasi ilmiah jurnal nasional mengenai resistensi antibiotic.
Studi Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Ginting Mandike , Ginting Pricella , Sari Sinta Apriliana
Published: February 2023

Pendahuluan; Daun stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder tannin dan flavonoid yang memiliki sifat antibakteri, dimana flavonoid dapat menyebabkan terganggunya fungsi dinding sel bakteri, sedangkan tanin dapat menghambat enzim ekstraseluler mikroba. Metode; Penelitian eksperimental, dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Sampel penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol daun stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier), lalu dilakukan uji karakteristik simplisia, uji skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi sampel 10%, 12%, 14%.
Hasil; Hasil yang diperoleh dari uji karakteristik simplisia menunjukkan bahwa simplisia memenuhi syarat uji kadar air, uji kadar sari larut air, uji kadar sari larut etanol, uji kadar abu total, dan uji kadar abu larut asam. Hasil skrining fitokima menunjukkan bahwa daun stroberi positif mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Uji aktivitas anti bakteri menunjukkan kalau ekstrak etanol daun stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) mempunyai daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10%, 12% dan 14% menunjukkan diameter zona hambat  berturut-turut sebesar 17,3 mm, 17,78 mm dan 19,08 mm. Kesimpulan; Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi optimal ekstrak etanol daun Stroberi  (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes pada konsentrasi 14% menghasilkan diammeter zona hambat sebesar 19,08 mm, aktivitas antibakteri ini masuk kategori kuat.
Review: Penggunaan Off-Label Obat Golongan Antagonis Reseptor Histamin 2
Authors: Sari Indah , Febrina Ellin
Published: February 2023

Saat ini obat golongan antagonis reseptor histamin 2 (H2) telah banyak digunakan untuk indikasi yang cukup luas termasuk untuk penggunaan sebagai obat off-label. Walaupun berpotensi meningkatkan risiko reaksi obat yang merugikan, pada kondisi tertentu penggunaan obat off-label menjadi satu-satunya pilihan bagi tenaga medis. Review ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang seberapa luas penggunaan off-label obat golongan antagonis reseptor H2 yang meliputi ranitidin, simetidin, famotidin, dan nizatidin. Hasil review ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi pemerintah, produsen obat, maupun praktisi kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam review ini adalah studi terhadap literatur yang diperoleh melalui beberapa layanan seperti PubMed®, ScienceDirect®, dan Google Scholar. Hasil review ini menunjukkan penggunaan off-label obat golongan antagonis reseptor H2 adalah sebagai upaya kuratif dan preventif untuk mengatasi beberapa penyakit yaitu off-label dalam kategori usia pasien, dosis, dan indikasi.
Studi Komparasi Pembelajaran antara Strategi Jigsaw dengan Strategi STAD Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Wonorejo Tahun 2019/2020
Authors: Sholikhanah Siti
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil belajar antara pembelajaran menggunakan strategi jigsaw dengan strategi STAD pada siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Wonorejo,  (2) manakah yang lebih baik antara strategi jigsaw dengan strategi STAD dalam pembelajaran 4 tema berbagai pekerjaan terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Wonorejo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Wonorejo tahun 2019/2020. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik pengumpulan data pokok yaitu dengan teknik tes dan teknik pengumpulan data bantu yaitu dengan teknik dokumentasi dan observasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji t yang didahului dengan uji prasyarat analisis yaitu uji keseimbangan dan uji normalitas. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dengan taraf signifikansi 5% diperoleh thitung > ttabel, yaitu 2,588 > 1,996 dengan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar kelas IVA lebih besar dibandingkan kelas IVB, yaitu 81,02 > 72,79. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) ada perbedaan hasil belajar pada tema berbagai pekerjaan sub tema jenis-jenis pekerjaan pembelajaran 4 dalam penggunaan strategi jigsaw dan strategi STAD pada siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Wonorejo, (2) strategi jigsaw lebih baik dibandingkan dengan strategi STAD dalam tema berbagai pekerjaan sub tema jenis-jenis pekerjaan pembelajaran 4 terhadap hasil belajar siswa .
Upaya Peningkatan Motvasi Dan Hasil Belajar Ips Melalui Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning Dengan Media Video Pembelajaran
Authors: Nurhatmoko Wisnu Indraswara , Hadiprasetyo Krisdiyanto , Harsan Toni
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi belajar IPS dan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 2 Wonoboyo, setelah menggunakan media video pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian  ini  adalah  siswa  kelas  V  SD  Negari  2 Wonoboyo  Tahun  Pelajaran2020/2021, jumlah 10 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data melalui tes, observasi, dan  dokumentasi.   Teknik  analisis  data  dilakukan  secara  deskriptif kualitatif  dan kuantitatif.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa motivasi belajar IPS menggunakan  model pembelajaran discovery learning dengan media  video  pembelajaran  di  kelas  V  SD Negeri 2 Wonoboyo mengalami peningkatan dari motivasi belajar sebelum tindakan kategori  kurang (34%)  meningkat  menjadi  kategori  sedang  (54%)  pada  siklus  I,  kemudian meningkat menjadi kategori tinggi (82%) pada siklus II. Seiring dengan meningkatnya motivasi belajar, hasil belajar IPS pun meningkat dengan KKM ≥75. Hal tersebut ditunjukan pada pra siklus sebesar 3 siswa (30%) meningkat menjadi 6 siswa (60%) ≥KKM pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 8 siswa (80%) ≥KKM pada siklus II. Tindakan dikatakan berhasil pada siklus II karena telah mencapai kriteria keberhasilan.
Teatr żydowski w Polsce: Stan badań
Authors: Steinlauf Michael C.
Published: February 2023

Historia teatru żydowskiego w Polsce sytuuje się w kontekście kulturowym wyznaczonym przez trzy języki: jidysz, hebrajski i polski. Definicja teatru żydowskiego obejmuje produkcje sceniczne, zarówno amatorskie, jak i profesjonalne, wystawiane w geograficznych granicach Polski przez Żydów dla publiczności w języku jidysz. Teatr jidysz był jednak zjawiskiem międzynarodowym, tworzonym przez wędrowne trupy, dzięki czemu przynosił na te tereny również tradycje teatralne wywodzące się z innych krajów. Steinlauf porządkuje i systematyzuje źródła istotne dla badań nad tym teatrem i proponuje własną periodyzację dziejów teatru żydowskiego w Polsce.
Teatr żydowski w świetle «Izraelity» w latach 1883–1905
Authors: Bułat Mirosława
Published: February 2023

W artykule omówione zostały wszystkie artykuły i wzmianki o teatrze żydowskim, które ukazywały się w polskojęzycznym czasopiśmie żydowskim „Izraelita” po zakazie wystawiania spektakli w jidysz. Autorka dzieli materiał tematycznie, pisze o konsekwencjach zakazu wystawiania spektakli w języku jidysz wydanym w 1883 roku, o roli języka jidysz w społeczności żydowskiej, o dyskusjach nad racją bytu teatru w tym języku i o propozycjach zastąpienia go różnymi formami działalności edukacyjnej. Omawia występy zespołów teatralnych jidysz według ich lokalizacji: w Warszawie, Lublinie, Łodzi oraz w podróżach poza granicami Polski. Na koniec przedstawia bardziej ogólne, biograficzne lub analityczne artykuły publikowane w „Izraelicie”. Analiza przeprowadzona w artykule potwierdza, że materiały publikowane w „Izraelicie” poszerzają naszą wiedzę o teatrze jidysz w latach1883–1905, a także o przeważnie przyjaznych relacjach między ówczesnymi wędrownymi teatrami żydowskimi i polskimi.
Stress induced alterations in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli K- 12 strain
Authors: Arora Bindu
Published: February 2023

In  the  present study,  gram-negative  (Escherichia coli K-12)  bacterial biomembrane  involvement was studied  in  the presence of modulating  factors such as EDTA, Mg   ions  and EDTA and Mg'  ions in  combination.  The  release  of proteins  and  their  involvement during the  transport of 9-Lactams namely  Ceftriaxone  and  Cefazolin  were  also  studied.  The  broader  applications   of Ceftriaxone  for pharmaceutical  implications  offer  greater  advantage as  compared  to pre-existing  3-Lactams.  Due to the  availability  of more signal  moi.:cules  in the membranes  there  is  enhanced  toxicity  at 5  mM EDTA  concentration,  and  easy  entrapment of antibiotics, thus  enhanced sensitivity  levels.  A concentration  of 15  mM Mg  ions  was found  to be toxic  for E.coli  whereas  it exhibited  luxuriant growth with decreasing  Mg'  ion  concentration  under antibiotic  stress. On the contrary, when 5  mM      • EDTA is  treated  in combination  wnth  Mg,  it  attributed  reduced  signals  available  on the membrane surface  therefore,  reduced  drug  sensitivity.  To identify  the  involvement  of specific  proteins  and  to know the site of proteins  released which are directly or indirectly involved in transport  of antibiotics across  the  biological  membrane,  the  protein  release  was  monitored  from  intact  cells,  as well  as, membrane vesicles derived from E.colt cells and studied upto a level of molecular weight determination and  measured   by using  a high-pressure  liquid  chromatography  (HPLC).  The  study confirms  the induction of certain  stress  signal  proteins  from the outer  membrane,  thereby  rendering the bacteria more  susceptible to therapy.
Zooplankton diversity in relation to certain physico-chemical parameters of swamp of Kishanganj District, Bihar
Authors: Pandey B. N. , Anbasta O. P. , Thankur A. K. , Kumar Sanjay , Kumari Ritu
Published: February 2023

The  zooplankton  fauna  of Kishanganj swamps  in  relation  to  certain  physico-chemical  parameter was studied.  Out of 28 species  recorded,  18  belong  to Rotifera,  6 to C/adocera and 4 to Copepoda. The  total  zooplankton  density was  more  in  summer   and  least  in rainy  season.  The  quantitative relationship amongst  the group  of zooplankton   was Rotifera>  Cladocera> Copepoda.  Zooplankton also comprised  of some  pollution  tolerant  species  like Brachionus,  Keratella  and Mesocyclops  etc. The  Rotifers showed  negative correlation  with  pH,  sulphate and  dissolved oxygen  Cladocerans showed  negative correlation  with  pH,  sulphate and  phosphate while  Copepods  revealed  negative correlation with  pH,  sulphate and  water  temperature.
Dietary effect ofwater soluble gummy fibre and water insoluble neutral detergent fibre (NDF) isolated from Syzygium cumini seeds on blood glucose, glucose tolerance and some intestinal enzymes in normal and diabetic male albino rats
Authors: Agnihotri Madhuri , Khan Aqueel
Published: February 2023

In the  present study,  the effect of feeding of diets  containing  12%  and  18%  water soluble gummy fibre and 5% and  10%  water insoluble neutral  detergent fibre (NDF)  isolated  from Syzygium  cumini seeds were carried out in normal  and alloxan treated diabetic rats for 21  days.  The results obtained from  present  study  indicates  that  incorporation  of 12%  and  18%  water  soluble  gummy  fibre significantly  reduces  blood glucose, notably  improved glucose tolerance  and decreased  activity  of intestinal  enzymes i.e.  amylase and invertase  while 5% and  10  % water insoluble  neutral  detergent fibre (NDF) did not exhibit  any hypoglycaemic  effect  in  both  normal  and treated  diabetic  rats.
Effect of Eclipta alba on loss of fecundity and phagodeterrancy of Callosobruchus maculatus (FAB.)
Authors: Diwan R. K. , Saxena R. C.
Published: February 2023

Eclipta alba, which  is  herbaceous  plant,  has  shown  phagodeterrant activity, equally  good  as insect sterrilent. Three  different concentrations  of the  plant  extract in  petroleum ether and  acetone showed  loss  in fecundity  and  fertility in  Callosobruchus maculatus, a serious  stored  pest  of green gram.  The  detail  phytochemistry of chemosterrilent is still  in progress.
Phytodiversity of Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary
Authors: Pandey Ramesh , Mall T. P. , Singh Rahul K.
Published: February 2023

The floral  diversity m the Wild  lite Sanctuary ts immense.  The  present  documentation indicates the presence  of 95  tree species,  57  shrubs.  28 climbers  and 23 species  of grasses.  The  main  tree species are  Sal  (Shorea  robusta),   Asna   (Terminalia alata), Sheesham  (Dalbergia sissoo),  Be!  (4egle marmelos), Kusum  (Schieichera  oleesa),  Ficus  spp  and semal  (Bombax ceiba), etc.  The  main  grass species   occurring in the  area  are  Kaans  (Saccharum spontaneum)   and  Moonj  (Saccharum  munja). Calamus   tern.
Occurrence of zooplankton in a perennial freshwater reservoir of Wadgaon Dam during monsoon season at Nagpur District
Authors: Zade S. B. , Sitre Shashikant R. , Tijare Rajendra V.
Published: February 2023

The  zooplankton occupy  a central  position   between  the  autotrophs  and  heterotrophs  and  form  an important link  in  the  food  chain  of a freshwater ecosystem.  The  occurrence and  abundance of zo0plankton  is  always  influenced  by physico-chemical  factors  and the  level  of nutrients  present  in the water body.  In this  context  a perennial  freshwater  reservoir  Wadgaon  dam is studied  with respect to zooplankton population to assess  the  types  of zooplankton present.  Qualitative  studies on  the zooplankton in the  Wadgaon  dam  reservoir situated  in  the  Nagpur district  were  undertaken  in monsoon  months   to assess  the extent  of forms  present. The  reservoir  water  is uncontaminated  and clean  with no  influence  of man  made  activities   in the  vicinity.  The  zooplankton population   of the reservoir  water  is found to be represented  by fie different groups  viz. Protozoa, Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda  and  Ostracoda  represented   by about  21  different forms.  The  present  study  indicate the uncontaminated  nature   of reservoir water  due  to  absence of pollution  indicator  species  in  the reservoir water.
Antifungal activity of Lantana camara L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. against Candida albicans
Authors: Grover Aditi , Bhandari B. S. , Rai Nishant , Chandra Harish
Published: February 2023

Candida  is  a commensal  organism  found  in 40-80%  of normal  humans.  Candidiasis  is observed  in immunocompromised  individuals  such  as HIV-positive patients,   it may  also  occur  in blood  and genital tract. The drug-resistant  bacteria and fungal pathogens have further complicated the treatment of infectious  diseases  in  immunocompromised, AIDS and cancer patients. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed  by Agar disc  diffusion  and Agar well diffusion  method.  The crude  aqueous fractions  and Methanolic  extracts  of leaves of Lantana  camara  and buds  of Syzygium  aromaticum were  investigated  for there  antifungal  activity  against  yeast  Candida  albicans.  Methanolic  extract of Syzygium  was  found  to be effective  against Candida  while  aqueous  extract  showed  no activity. Both  aqueous  and  methanolic  extract of Lantana  camara  showed  no  antifungal  activity.  These observations  could be the basis for the usefulness of the buds of Syzygium   in treatment  remedies for candidiasis  or microbial  infections.
Bioevaluation of antibacterial potential of Sarpgandha (Rauwolfia serpentina)
Authors: Upadhayay Vishal , Deepika  , Singh Padma , Kaushik P.
Published: February 2023

The  in vitro  antibacterial  activity of Rauwolfia serpentina  plant  extract has been  investigated against  Escherichia  coli, Staphylococcus  aureus,  Salmonella  typhi and  Klebsiella  pneumoniae using the  disc  diffusion  method.  The  alcoholic  extract  was  found  effective  against  Staphylococcus aureus only.  The antibacterial  activity  is  attributed to the presence of alkaloids,  which was confirmed by gas  liquid  chromatography and  positive  alkaloid  test.  The  minimum  inhibitory  concentration (MIC) was  determined  by paper  disc  diffusion  method.  The results  were  compared  with  reference antibiotic  tetracycline  (one  unit  solution).
Antimicrobial activity of Vitex negundo leaf extracts
Authors: Deepika  , Singh Padma , Upadhayay Vishal
Published: February 2023

Methanol,  diethyl  ether and  acetone  extracts of leaf of itex  negundo   were  tested  for  their antibacterial  activity against  two human pathogenic bacteria  Staphylococcus aureus,   Pseudomonas aeruginosa  and one fungus  Aspergillus  niger  using  the disc  diffusion method.  It  was found  that  all the  extracts produced  inhibitory  effect  but  the  methanol  extract of leaves  exhibited  a superior level  of antimicrobial   activity.  The  minimum  inhibitory  concentration(M IC)  and  minimum fungicidal  concentration(MFC)was determined  by broth  dilution  method.  The results  were compared with  the  reference  antibiotics.
Abiotic factors of Yashwant Nagar Taalab, Mhow (M.P.)
Authors: Saxena Gopal , Prakash M.M.
Published: February 2023

In  the  present paper  the  status  of water  quality  of Yashwant  Nagar  Taalab  was  determined.   The different  parameters  which  were analyzed  during  the study  are temperature,   conductivity, pH, total suspended solid,  DO, BOD,  silicates.  chloride,  nitrate,  phosphate,  sulphate.  During  course  of study minor  differance  were observed  in parameter  studied.
Fish and fisheries of Virla Reservoir of West Nimar, District M.P., India
Authors: Pathak S. K. , Mudgal K.
Published: February 2023

During course of study on virla reservoir West Nimar (Kargone) M.P., India,  total 29 species of fish biodiversity  were recorded  these  belong  6  orders,  IO  families  and 16  genera were observed.  On the basis of economic importance fishes weredivided into three major groups viz.  catfish (Mystus seenghala, Mystus  tengara,  Wallago  attu and Ompok bimaculattus), major carp (Cat/a cat/a,  Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala) and miscellaneous (Channa sps., Mastacembelus sps. and Notopterus  notoptereus). The water  body was divided  into  three  zones  viz.  upstream  zone,  reservoir  zone  and  downstream zone  for fish  catch.  Tha  total  annual  fish catch  computed  in  this water  body was 2465.40  kg.  and 2576.40  kg.  during  the  2001-02  and 2002-03  respectively.  The minimum  catch  were  observed  in August while maximum  in  May. The percentage  composition  of major carp shows  decline trend and catfishes  shows  increasing trend  during  two years study time.  Catch  per unit effort  (CPUE) ranged between  0.015  to  0.191  kg/  hrs.  The water  level  fluctuations  and  fish  production  show  inverse relationship.
Snowtrout fishery in Garhwal Himalaya: Causes of depletion and strategy for propagation
Authors: Agarwal N.K. , Singh Harpal
Published: February 2023

Snowtrout  (Schizothorax sp.)  is  an  important group  of fishes  in Indian  uplands   and  is prone  to decline due to several  anthropogenic  activities  and natural  disasters.  However,  the natural  behaviour of the  group   is  also  one  of the  important constraints  for  its  self-propagation  in  the  nature.  It requires  attention  for the  conservation  and propagation  through  in-situ  as well as ex-situ  measures. The  in-situ  refers  to -  aquaculture under  controlled  conditions for  propagation of the  group  by developing artificial  breeding programmes for high seed requirement,  better management  of incubation patterns  and  rational  management of water  bodies  including  development  of sanctuaries,  where  the fishing  would  be banned.  The  artificial breeding  and snowtrout  seed production   technique   in flow through  hatchery can  be  adopted at  commercial  level  for  mass  scale  snowtrout seed  production. Sometimes  unavailability of either  sex of the mature  brooder  at the time of artificial  fertilization in hatchery  is  a major constraint in the  artificial  breeding  programmes.  Cryopreservation of gametes has  emerged  as a promising   and  a very useful  technique  to facilitate   artificial  breeding  in several fishes.   The  cryopreservation  of milt  of snowtrout finds  its  role  right  here.  Initial  attempts  for developing  cryopreservation  protocol  for snowtrout  milt  are very much  promising.  More  concerted efforts  for commercializing  the reproductive techniques   including  cryopreservation of gametes  will certainly  be helpful  for the  strategic propagation  of snowtrout   in  cold-water  bodies.
Bacteriological characteristics of raw water of the river Tawi near Sitlee water treatment plant, Jammu
Authors: Khajuria Meenakshi , Dutta SPS
Published: February 2023

Bacteriological  analysis  of raw water  of the river Tawi, near Sitlee water treatment  plant,  has shown the  seasonal  presence   of Kiebsiella.  Ctrobacter,  Escherichia  and  Pseudomonas.  Total  bacterial count  (MPN)  recorded  summer  (April,  May).  monsoon  and post-monsoon  (June- October)  increase and  winter (November,  December,  February) decrease.  It  varied  between  92  and  >180  during  both the years of study  MPN index above  10 /100 ml  indicates that raw water is not suitable  for drinking purposes  and  comes  under  the category  of unsatisfactory.  It needs  proper  treatment  before  supplied to  the  consumers.
Spiders fauna from G.V.I.S.H. Campus, Amravati (M.S.)
Authors: Deshmukh Ujjawala S.
Published: February 2023

The spiders  from G.V.l.S.H.  Campus,  Amravati  (M.S.)  were collected  from  first  week  of August  to last  week of November  2008,  using insect  nets, tapping  sticks,  umbrella,  pit fall trap etc.  During the study 470  specimens were  collected  from  different area  of campus.35 species   belonging to  12 families  were  identified.  Family Araneidae  represented  7 species,  Salticidae represented   6 species, Oxyopidae  and  Eracidae  represented 4 species,  Theriddidae and  Thomisidae  represented 3  species each,  families  Lycosidae  and  Pholcidae  represented  2 species,  families  Clubionidae,   Philodrpmidae, Tetragnathidae   Uloboridae,  represent  single species. The population  of spiders was abundant.  Species richness   and  diversity was  high  during  the  month  of September and  October,   the  population  of species  Stegodyphus was observed  largely  during  the  month  of November.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH VACCINE ACCEPTANCE AND RECOMMENDATION AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS AND FACULTY PREVIOUSLY INFECTED WITH COVID-19; A STUDY FROM SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Osama Abu-Hammad  , Shaden Abu-Hammad  , Safa Jambi  , Nebras Althagafi  , Rawah Eshky  , Aljohani Rahaf Saeed , Rahaf Ayeq  , Layan Ghazi  , Heba Alsubhi  , Abdalla Abu-Hammad  , Malak Abu-Hammad  , Dar-Odeh Najla
Published: February 2023

This study aims to explore vaccine acceptance and recommendation behaviors among clinical dental students and their faculty who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. The study was conducted among previously infected dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) in an academic setting to evaluate their willingness to accept vaccines and recommend them to family and patients.  Logistic regression was conducted to determine significant variables associated with vaccine attitudes. Among 316 personnel 62 indicated previous infection (19.6%). Personnel who were willing to take the vaccine, or recommend it to patients, or to family were: 67.7%, 87.1%, and 85.5% respectively. Vaccine acceptance was significantly associated with vaccine awareness and number of long-term COVID-19 complications (P=.003, .033 respectively). Vaccine recommendation to family, and patients was significantly associated with vaccine awareness only (P=.005, .006 respectively).  It is concluded that some previously infected academic dental personnel are unwilling to accept COVID-19 vaccines or recommend them to others. This was mainly due to lack of vaccine awareness. Efforts directed at increasing COVID-19 vaccine awareness are warranted by dental schools in collaboration with Ministry of Health authorities.  It is also necessary to closely monitor, and provide support to personnel affected by long COVID
A Short Review on Biological Activities of Paracetamol Derivatives
Authors: Begum Shaheen , G Poojitha Harisree , M S Rashida Anjum
Published: February 2023

Paracetamol reduces body temperature with multiple mechanisms. Paracetamol is chemically 4-hydroxy acetanilide and has a good safety profile. Following its successful use as an over-the-counter antipyretic and analgesic medication, several attempts were made to increase the potency, mask the bitter taste, and decrease the toxicity of this drug by modifications at the phenyl ring, acetamido group, and hydroxyl group. The free hydroxyl group of paracetamols was masked to obtain prodrugs (carbonate prodrugs, ester prodrugs like alanine-prodrug, proline-prodrug, galactosylated prodrug, and mutual prodrugs with other drugs and NSAIDs). Propacetamol is a commercially available prodrug derived from paracetamol that is effective in parenteral form. Paracetamol ester prodrugs with sulfur-containing amino acids such as N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine, and methionine showed low hepatotoxicity compared to the parent drug. In addition, paracetamol derivatives including metal complexes, chalcones, Mannich bases, nucleoside analogs, hybrids with the aryl-imidazolidinyl ring, thymol, and triazole ring displayed diverse activities like antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities.
Effects of biodynamic preparations on the growth and yield parameters of potatoes with coloured flesh
Authors: Jarienė Elvyra , Danilčenko Honorata , Vaitkevičienė Nijole , Kita Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

Biodynamic agriculture is one of the organic agricultural farming methods. Different from organic farmers, biodynamic farmers add eight specific preparations (made from cow manure, silica, and various plants) to improve crops growth and nutrient composition. In 2012–2013, in organic farm (Prienai district), potato cultivars with coloured flesh were grown for research. The aim of two years’ research was to evaluate effects of biodynamic (BD) preparations (500 and 501) on the growth and yield parameters of the coloured fleshed potatoes. An experiment included two factors: I — three potato cultivars (purple fleshed — Vitelotte, Blue Congo and red-fleshed Red Emmalie), II — using of BD preparations in field sprays (four treatments: 1. Control without BD preparations; 2. BD preparation 500; 3. BD preparation 501; 4. complex application of BD preparations (500+501). The individual productivities of potato plants were analyzed in the field experiment (chlorophyll content index values of leaves, tuber weight per plant and tuber number per plant). The results revealed that combination of BD preparations (500 + 501) was the best among all the treatments for most of the growth and yield parameters under study. It was found, that, compared with the control variant, combination of BD preparations (500 + 501) substantially increased the chlorophyll content index in leaves, the weight and number of tubers per plant of cvs. Blue Congo and Red Emmalie. BD preparation 501 substantially increased the chlorophyll content index in leaves of Red Emmalie at 9th (1.07 times) and 13th (1.13 times) week, and of Blue Congo only at 9th (1.07 times) week after planting. However, more research is needed to determine whether the BD preparations affect growth and yield parameters of colour-fleshed potato tubers.
Biochemical Study on the Kinetic Properties of the Invertase Produced by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: salhen Khaled Al
Published: February 2023

Invertases are enzymes that hydrolyze sucrose to produce an equimolar mixture of glucose and fructose, which is of interest for various industrial applications. The present study aimed to produce invertase by Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from Baker’s yeast and grape samples using the standardize technique. The enzyme activity was characterized with some parameters like pH, temperature, metal ions, kinetic parameters and inhibitors (fructose, glucose and copper (II) sulfate). Spectrophotometric methods were used to study enzyme kinetics and to determine the factors affecting enzyme activity. The optimum activity was recorded at 55˚C for both invertases. The optimum activity was at pH 6.0 for Baker’s yeast invertase and at pH 10 for grape invertase. From Lineweaver-Burk Plot, Vmax was found to be 24.39 ± 2.44 nmol/min/mg protein and the Km approximately 0.860 ± 0.04 mM for Baker's yeast invertase but in case of grape invertase, Vmax was 23.25 ± 3.14 nmol/min/mg protein and the Km approximately1.243 ± 0.07 mM. Enzyme activity was increased in the presence of 5 mM Ca+2 ions for Baker’s yeast, whereas showed the maximum activity at 5 mM Mg+2 ions in case of grape fruit invertase. Using sucrose as substrate, the Kcat, Kcat/Km and Ks values were 0.28 ± 0.02 min-1, 0.325 ± 0.03 mM-1 min-1 and 27.03 ± 5.24 ml/min/mg protein for Baker’s yeast invertase activity, whereas were 0.56 ± 0.008 min-1, 0.045 ± 0.003 mM-1 min-1 and 24.39 ± 7.11 ml/min/mg protein for grape invertase values. In conclusion, the S. cerevisiae isolated from grape fruits was more potent for invertase production in comparable with that isolated from Baker’s yeast.
The Fundamental Role of Neuroinflammation at the Beginning and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sawikr Yousef
Published: February 2023

The majority of astrocytes are responsible for the expression and release of S100B, a 21-kDa calcium-binding protein of the EFhand type (helix E-loop-helix F). It is mostly present in the neurological system and, depending on concentration, has different (beneficial, detrimental) effects on neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. an effect on the survival and development of both glia and neuronal cells. Patients with Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) have brains that are overexpressed with the S100 protein Down Syndrome (DS). Increased S100B concentrations are linked to brain trauma and ischemia, most likely due to astrocyte destruction. As S100B appears to influence multiple neuropathological mechanisms in (AD) , a pivotal role for S100B as a significant contributor to (AD) pathology has emerged. Studies of S100B overexpression, S100B localization, multiple relationships between S100B and increase amyloid precursor protein, the interaction between S100B and dystrophic neuritis plaques, and change in a neurofibrillary tangle in Alzheimer's disease focus on providing evidence for the involvement of S100B in Alzheimer's disease pathology and neuronal loss. The significance of S100B in head trauma and degenerative brain disease is the central subject of this review. Overexpressing s100B, which also causes more astrogliosis and microgliosis, speeds up the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Numerous clinical problems have been associated with an increase in S100B, a neurotropic signaling protein.
Activity of Ceﬁderocol and Other New Antibiotics Against Extensively Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains
Authors: Karpova E. V. , Tapalski D. V.
Published: February 2023

Background. The spread of extensive drug-resistance among gram-negative bacteria calls for the search for antimicrobics with new mechanisms of actions.

The aim was to assess susceptibility of extensively drug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains to ceﬁderocol and other new inhibitor-protected β-lactams, and to determine genetic mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.

Methods. This study included 30 extensively drug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains collected in 2016–2021 from 4 regions of Belarus. Carbapenemase genes were detected by real-time PCR. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ceﬁderocol and other new antibiotics were assessed by microdilution method using the Sensititre system. Whole genome sequencing was performed for 2 resistant and 3 ceﬁderocol-susceptible strains. Genome assemblies and annotation were performed using UGENE v. 37.0 software. Nucleotide sequences were translated using CLC  Sequence Viewer v. 8.0 (QIAGEN) package. The PROVEAN software was used to assess amino asides substitutions and their inﬂuence on the functional activity of proteins.

Results. KPC carbapenemase-producers were 4 strains, OXA-48 — 17, KPC+OXA-48 — 1, NDM — 7, OXA-48 + NDM — 1. All KPC-producers were susceptible to imipenem/relebactam and meropenem/vaborbactam. Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam was noted in all NDM  producers and OXA-48+NDM  co-producer. The study has identiﬁed 9 ceﬁderocol-resistant strains. These were NDM and OXA-48-producers isolated from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection from 3 regions of Belarus. Resistant strains had functionally signiﬁcant nonsynonymous  substitutions in the genes of TonB-dependent receptors for catecholate siderophores FepA (F472V, P64S) and Fiu (T92S).

Conclusion. The study has shown high eﬃcacy of new inhibitor-protected carbapenems and cephalosporins against certain types of carbapenemase-producers. Strains with mutational resistance to ceﬁderocol, an antibiotic not previously used in Belarus, have been identiﬁed.
Antibacterial and Antimycotic Properties of Modiﬁed Carbon Sorbents
Authors: Dolgikh V. T. , P’yanova L. G. , Lavrenov A. V. , Naumkina E. V. , Sedanova A. V. , Delyagina M. S. , Ogurtsova D. N.
Published: February 2023

The aim  of the work was to study the biological activity  of modiﬁers and carbon  sorbent samples modiﬁed by them  in relation to some types of microorganisms.

Material and  methods. The carbon  sorbent under  study  and the modiﬁed samples were obtained at the Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC. Glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, and glutamic acid were used as modiﬁers. Strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae 418, Esherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans (clinical strain) were used as test cultures. The test sample was placed in the wells of a sterile plate, then a working suspension of the test culture was added in the amount of 2.0 ml until completely wet 1:1. The survival of microorganisms was determined by quantitative inoculation from each well of the «sample — microorganism» mixture on Petri dishes with simple nutrient agar using the sector crop method (Gold). The culture species were conﬁrmed by studying their cultural, morphological, and biochemical properties.

Results. The conducted studies have demonstrated high antibacterial and antimycotic activity of carbon  sorbent samples modiﬁed with hydroxyl acids  in relation to the most  common opportunistic pathogens of pyoinﬂammatory diseases of bacterial and fungal  nature  in comparison with the initial  sorbent sample. The carbon  sorbent modiﬁed with lactic  acid oligomer showed the highest antibacterial and antimycotic activity.

Conclusion. High antibacterial and antimycotic activity  of carbon  sorbent samples modified with hydroxy  acids  and amino acids in relation to the most common opportunistic pathogens of pyoinflammatory diseases of bacterial and fungal nature  was established in comparison with the initial  sample of the sorbent. The carbon  sorbent sample modified with amino acids has a pronounced antibacterial effect against all studied bacterial test strains, but exhibits weak antimycotic properties. The use of modified carbon  sorbents is a promising direction for the application therapy of pyoinflammatory infections.