bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meristem Culture Method for Virus Elimination from Shallot Bulb
Authors: Putri Prabawati Hyunita , Dinarti Diny , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti
Published: November 2022

Petani bawang merah di Indonesia menggunakan umbi hasil panen sebagai sumber benih untuk musim tanam berikutnya. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan akumulasi virus pada umbi meningkat dan menjadi penyebab terjadinya penurunan produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan mengoptimasi metode kultur meristem yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik termoterapi (30 ºC) untuk menghasilkan umbi bawang merah yang bebas virus. Umbi bawang merah cv. Bima Curut yang sudah dikonfirmasi terinfeksi Potyvirus dan Carlavirus digunakan sebagai bahan eksplan. Sterilisasi umbi dilakukan secara bertahap menggunakan bakterisida, fungisida, dan sodium hipoklorit. Tunas meristem berukuran 0.6 sampai 0.7 mm diisolasi dari umbi dan ditanam berturut-turut pada medium penginduksi tunas, akar, dan umbi sampai terbentuk umbi mini. Umbi mini selanjutnya ditanam di rumah kasa sampai terbentuk umbi mikro. Hasil deteksi virus dengan metode reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction mengonfirmasi bahwa plantlet pada tahap multiplikasi dan tanaman di rumah kasa bebas dari infestasi Potyvirus dan Carlavirus. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode kultur meristem yang dikombinasi dengan termoterapi potensial menghasilkan umbi bawang merah bebas virus.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum x africanum Lour.) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Hiperglikemia
Authors: Utami Antika Febiola , Sutyarso Sutyarso , Wahyuningsih Sri , Nurcahyani Nuning
Published: November 2022

Hiperglikemia terjadi ketika keadaan kadar glukosa darah melebihi batas normal. Daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dan daun kemangi (Ocimum x africanum Lour.) dilaporkan mengandung senyawa yang berperan sebagai antihiperglikemia. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena dari beberapa khasus di Indonesia, penderita hiperglikemia cukup tinggi maka penelitian ini perlu dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai efektivias dari suatu tanaman herbal dalam menangai hiperglikemia.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas pemberian ekstrak etanol daun pepaya dan daun kemangi dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 25 ekor mencit dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Kelompok perlakuan diantaranya, K(N) (tanpa perlakuan), K(-) (diinduksi aloksan ), K(+) (diinduksi aloksan dan diberi perlakuan dengan glibenklamid), P1 perlakuan 1 (diinduksi aloksan dan diberi perlakuan dengan ekstrak etanol daun pepaya), P2 perlakuan 2 (diinduksi aloksan dan diberi perlakuan dengan ekstrak etanol daun kemangi). Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini yaitu berat badan dan kadar glukosa darah mencit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA dan uji lanjut LSD pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bahan uji mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit dengan persentase penurunan lebih efektif pada P2 sebesar 60,15% sedangkan P1 sebesar 53,32% . Hyperglycemia occurs when blood glucose levels exceed normal limits. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) and basil (Ocimum x africanum Lour.) leaves are reported to contain compounds that act as antihyperglycemic agents. This study was conducted because in some cases in Indonesia, people with hyperglycemia are quite high, so this study needs to be carried out to provide information about the effectiveness of an herbal plant in dealing with hyperglycemia. hyperglycemic mice blood. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 25 mice divided into 5 treatment groups and 5 replications. The treatment groups included, K(N) (without treatment), K(-) (alloxan induced), K(+) (alloxan induced and treated with glibenclamide), P1 treatment 1 (alloxan induced and treated with ethanol extract of papaya leaves ), P2 treatment 2 (alloxan induced and treated with ethanol extract of basil leaves). The parameters measured in this study were body weight and blood glucose levels of mice. The data obtained were analyzed by one way ANOVA and LSD further test at the 5% level. The results showed that the administration of the test material was able to reduce blood glucose levels in mice with a more effective percentage reduction in P2 of 60.15% while P1 of 53.32%.
Aplicación de los estudios de física en la reconstrucción de accidentes de tránsito
Authors: BAENA VÁSQUEZ ALEJANDRA JULIETTE , VENEGAS SEGURA ANDRÉS ARTURO , REMOLINA CAVIEDES EDWIN ENRIQUE , VENEGAS SEGURA GUSTAVO ADOLFO , LONDOÑO CONTRERAS HENRY , MONROY CASTRO JUAN CARLOS , GAMARRA AMAYA LAURA CECILIA , FINO PUERTO NELSON RICARDO , FINO PUERTO ÓSCAR MAURICIO
Published: November 2022

Este capítulo se concentra en la aplicación de la física clásica para explicar algunos parámetros y medidas fundamentales en la disciplina que se conoce como reconstrucción de accidentes de tránsito (RAT). Esta forma parte de los estudios forenses y permite la búsqueda de las causas de los accidentes por parte del perito que hace uso de la ciencia en la mediación de los juicios de responsabilidad civil y otros.
Managerial Delegation, Product R&D and Subsidies on R&D Investment Costs
Authors: Chou Chung-Hui
Published: November 2022

This paper studies owners’ optimal designs of incentive schemes in a market with managerial firms competing in prices as well as in product research and development (R&D) investment in which owners use a linear combination of gross profits which are defined to be sales revenue minus production costs, sales revenue and R&D costs to evaluate managers’ performances. The main contribution of our research is showing that owners not only deflate R&D costs to induce managers to invest more in product R&D but also place different weights on production costs and R&D costs optimally. If product R&D is highly efficient, managerial delegation improves consumers’ surplus at cost of firms’ profits which is sharply contrasting to the standard conclusion of sales delegation under price competition. Moreover, managerial delegation may achieve Pareto efficiency if product R&D is mildly inefficient. Finally, we find that copyright protection benefits consumers’ surplus but could reduce social welfare.
Intergenerational Linkages, Uncertain Lifetime and Educational and Health Expenditures
Authors: Gamlath Sharmila , Lahiri Radhika
Published: November 2022

Empirical evidence suggests a positive correlation between health and educational outcomes at the aggregate level. However, both inter and intra-country data suggest that these variables may not always be monotonically increasing in income, pointing towards household income as a possible mitigating factor in the relationship between health and education expenditures and outcomes. We develop an overlapping generations model where agents spend their childhood studying, undertake expenditures to educate their offspring and health expenditures to improve their own longevity in adult age, and spend old age in retirement. Our model is characterised by two equilibria. In one equilibrium, longevity enhancing health expenditure is an inferior good, resulting in agents substituting health expenditures in favour of education expenditures on offspring as their income increases. In the other equilibrium, health expenditure is a normal good, but for incomes below a certain level, an increase in income causes agents to raise health expenditures whilst lowering education expenditures on offspring, while for incomes above this level all expenditures are increasing in income. These results suggest that the relationship between parental longevity and offspring’s human capital depends on income and whether agents consider longevity enhancing health expenditure to be an inferior or normal good. Dynamics of the model show that the economy could either achieve unbounded growth or converge towards a lower bound of income in the long run.
The Welfare Effects of Social Insurance Reform in the Presence of Intergenerational Transfers
Authors: Xu Jingjing
Published: November 2022

Family support in the form of intergenerational transfers could serve as a substitute for the public transfer system, especially when the public safety net is weak. These intergenerational transfers could be impacted by changes in public insurance. Conversely, induced changes in family transfers could also impact the effectiveness of a public insurance program. What is the impact of social insurance reform on household welfare in the context of intergenerational transfers? This paper investigates this question by using an overlapping generations general equilibrium model where parents and their children are linked by intergenerational transfers. In the model, individuals differ in earnings ability and face idiosyncratic uninsurable income risk, health risk, and mortality risk. This paper calibrates the model to key features in the urban Chinese economy. Using this calibrated model, this paper finds that households on average experience a welfare gain from an increase in the social insurance benefits but that this effect differs across households conditional on their economic status. This paper then provides a decomposition of these welfare changes into three channels: a direct policy channel, an intergenerational-transfers channel, and a general equilibrium channel.
Harmonization of indirect reference intervals calculation by the Bhattacharya method
Authors: Martinez-Sanchez Luisa , Gabriel-Medina Pablo , Villena-Ortiz Yolanda , García-Fernández Alba E. , Blanco-Grau Albert , Cobbaert Christa M. , Bravo-Nieto Daniel , Garriga-Edo Sarai , Sanz-Gea Clara , Gonzalez-Silva Gonzalo , López-Hellín Joan , Ferrer-Costa Roser , Casis Ernesto , Rodríguez-Frías Francisco , den Elzen Wendy P.J.
Published: November 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to harmonize the criteria for the Bhattacharya indirect method Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet for reference intervals calculation to reduce between-user variability and use these criteria to calculate and evaluate reference intervals for eight analytes in two different years.

Methods

Anonymized laboratory test results from outpatients were extracted from January 1st 2018 to December 31st 2019. To assure data quality, we examined the monthly results from an external quality control program. Reference intervals were determined by the Bhattacharya method with the St Vincent’s hospital Spreadsheet firstly using original criteria and then using additional harmonized criteria defined in this study. Consensus reference intervals using the additional harmonized criteria were calculated as the mean of four users’ lower and upper reference interval results. To further test the operation criteria and robustness of the obtained reference intervals, an external user validated the Spreadsheet procedure.

Results

The extracted test results for all selected laboratory tests fulfilled the quality criteria and were included in the present study. Differences between users in calculated reference intervals were frequent when using the Spreadsheet. Therefore, additional criteria for the Spreadsheet were proposed and applied by independent users, such as: to set central bin as the mean of all the data, bin size as small as possible, at least three consecutive bins and a high proportion of bins within the curve.

Conclusions

The proposed criteria contributed to the harmonization of reference interval calculation between users of the Bhattacharya indirect method Spreadsheet.
Clinical usefulness of circulating tumor markers
Authors: Filella Xavier , Rodríguez-Garcia María , Fernández-Galán Esther
Published: November 2022

Tumor markers are a heterogeneous group of substances released by cancer cells into bloodstream, but also expressed by healthy tissues. Thus, very small concentrations can be present in plasma and serum from healthy subjects. Cancer patients tend to show increased levels correlating with tumor bulk, but false positive results could be present in patients with benign conditions. The correct interpretation of TM results could be challenging and many factors should be considered, from pre-analytical conditions to patient concomitant diseases. In this line, the Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine journal has made important contributions though several publications promoting the adequate use of TM and therefore improving patient safety. TM measurement offers valuable information for cancer patient management in different clinical contexts, such as helping diagnosis, estimating prognosis, facilitating early detection of relapse and monitoring therapy response. Our review analyzes the clinical usefulness of tumor markers applied in most frequent epithelial tumors, based on recent evidence and guidelines.
Incorporating multilingualism in German as a Second Language classes for adult Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education
Authors: Maahs Ina-Maria , DeCapua Andrea , Triulzi Marco
Published: November 2022

Instructional strategies for promoting the potential of learners are critical for effective language education. Especially in the case of migrant students with limited or interrupted formal education (SLIFE), teachers need to leverage existing assets to build learners’ literacy skills and to foster successful second language learning. In this paper, we argue that pedagogical translanguaging can be beneficial for reaching this goal. We present the results of a qualitative study of teachers of German as a Second Language courses for adult migrants in Germany (n=11). We examine how while some spontaneous translanguaging takes place, pedagogical translanguaging is not embedded in the classroom, thereby leaving the multilingual assets of SLIFE mostly overlooked and underutilized.
Changing the Perspective, Adapting the Scale: Macro- and Microlithic Technologies of the Early Mesolithic in the SW Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Araújo Ana Cristina
Published: November 2022

What determines the choice of a particular lithic solution from among the set of knowledge and skills that are part of the cultural background of a group? The Early Mesolithic of the SW Iberian Peninsula shows a high diversity of lithic solutions considering the various aspects of the manufacturing process. At each site, the group selects the most adequate solution to respond efficiently to the needs. Contemporary sites may document quite different lithic components; there are no recurring patterns. Macrolithic and microlithic technologies were adopted, depending on the site, but the selection of one rather than another seems to be independent of the function of the site. Then, what does dictate the choice? A number of factors come to mind such as environmental contingencies, purpose, ability, and ethnicity. This Early Mesolithic defining trait diverges from the pattern observed for the final Upper Palaeolithic, where the same constellation of tools is systematically represented in the archaeological record, as well as flint, even in regions where flint as a natural resource is absent. Macrolithic technologies directed towards the massive production of cutting edges and heavy-duty tools produced from medium coarse-grained rocks co-exist, in SW Iberian Early Mesolithic, with microlithic technologies focused on the production of small bladelets made from good quality chert types and transformed into tiny armatures. Although contemporaneous, each lithic solution has its own geographical identity. How should we study these distinctive productions while at the same time respecting their diversity? No analytical template is sufficiently comprehensible to enable us to understand the multitude of “memories” that lithics carry. However, some approaches can help us to overcome the impasse by letting us read the hidden histories that lie behind lithic artefacts.
Public Support for UN Missions and Attacks on Peacekeepers: Evidence From the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Giray Burak
Published: November 2022

UN peacekeepers are often targeted by rebel groups. The violence they experience hinders the functionality of peacekeeping operations, constituting a major problem for the UN. What conditions make these attacks more likely? How does the local support for UN peacekeeping operations affect the violence against peacekeepers? Using an original data set that includes local trust sentiments towards MONUSCO’s peacekeepers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from October 2014 to December 2020, this study finds that peacekeepers are attacked more often when they lack local support. In the absence of local support, peacekeepers become vulnerable as they can no longer gather intelligence about rebel activities from the locals and the increased distrust for peacekeepers gives propagandist benefits to rebel groups. This study suggests to the UN that it needs to employ strategies in peacekeeping operations that would legitimize the presence of peacekeepers and cultivate more strengthened civil-military relations.
Heterogeneous religion: imperfect or braided?
Authors: Bálint Emese
Published: November 2022

This essay describes the intertwined syncretism of Italian Anabaptism. It uses the term composite religion to describe a religious heterogeneity in which Antitrinitarianism and Anabaptism are regarded as constituent elements. The circulation of Italian Anabaptists in the Transalpine region facilitated the accumulation and braiding of radical intellectual influences; thus, passing from one creed to the other was fairly unproblematic and those who relocated fostered the circulation of the ideas that soon became the backbone of a movement. In Transylvania and Poland, local variants of Antitrinitarian Anabaptism developed simultaneously – at times cooperating, but also contradicting each other on various occasions, and eventually taking different paths towards the development of mature religious churches.
La religione sociniana
Authors: Imbruglia Girolamo
Published: November 2022

The argument of this article is twofold: first, it defines Socinianism as neither a kind of Deism nor a Christian heresy but as a new modern religion of the Renaissance; second, and consequently, treating Socinianism as a religion, this article inquires into the nature of Socinian cult and community. This latter point has been largely neglected by the scholarship. In the century between Faustus Socinus’s „De Christo Servatore“ (1584) and Wissowatius’ catechism (1684), the Socinians changed some of the major tenets of their theory of religio, in particular Socinus’s refutation of the idea of religious sacrifice. This article shows that this theoretical shift, caused by the disputes between Grotius and Crell, was reflected in the different editions of the Socinian catechism. The catechism of 1609, still faithful to Socinus’s ideas, in the 1659 and 1684 editions saw radical changes, accepting the Grotian theory of satisfactio though Faustus Socinus himself had defended the need for a form of cultus, Socinianism was unable to define it and thus did not become a sect, as the Socinians aimed to do but failed to achieve.
Das italienische Notariat und das „Hlotharii capitulare Papiense“ von 832
Authors: Breternitz Patrick , Mischke Britta
Published: November 2022

In 832, the Frankish emperor Lothar I promulgated a capitulary in the royal palace of Pavia („Hlotharii capitulare Papiense“) confirming selected chapters of the capitularies of his predecessors Charlemagne and Louis the Pious. These chapters are mostly cited verbatim, but some (chs. 3, 12, 13) seem to have no equivalent in earlier capitularies and are therefore usually considered to be new provisions by Lothar himself. The article focuses particularly on ch. 13 containing provisions for the office of notary. It includes a clause that has been interpreted as a prohibition against notaries in the service of counts writing charters outside their own county. This article argues for an alternative interpretation: that the chapter aims only to ensure that transfers of property certified by notaries are always certified in the region in which the property is located. Moreover, the chapter very likely refers to a decree by Louis the Pious of 818/819 („Capitula legibus addenda“, ch. 6). It thus emerges that ch. 13 of the „Capitulare Papiense“ does in fact take up a provision by Lothar’s predecessors, and the same can be suggested for ch. 12. According to the latter chapter, unfree people are ineligible to attain their freedom based on the 30-year term of Roman law if one of their parents was unfree. This coincides largely with a known provision ascribed to Louis the Pious in the „Liber Papiensis“, which has not hitherto been connected with Lothar’s capitulary. It can thus be considered the model, adopted and slightly modified by Lothar, for ch. 12. These new findings make it highly probable that ch. 3, for which no source has yet been identified, also repeats an older provision of Charlemagne or Louis the Pious, now lost.
I giudici al servizio della corte imperiale nell’Italia delle città (secolo XII)
Authors: Spataro Alberto
Published: November 2022

The article summarizes the research undertaken for my PhD thesis, currently being prepared for publication. More specifically, it attempts to show how the resulting findings can offer a valid contribution to international historiographical debate, with a particular focus on the Italian and German contexts. The research covers various issues: firstly, the participation of Italian iudices in the „Konsensuale Herrschaft“ at the Hohenstaufen court and – from a broader perspective – their contribution to the „Staatlichkeit“ of the medieval Empire. Secondly, their role within the political space of the Italian cities during the phase in which communal institutions originated and developed. Finally, it tackles aspects related to the evolution of legal culture in the context of the European development of Ius commune. Taking into consideration the currently most debated scholarly achievements in the respective fields, it is shown that the presence of Italian iudices at the service of the Hohenstaufen Empire is a transversal historiographical phenomenon that offers multiple avenues of investigation.
Verfehlungen und Strafen
Authors: Kamenzin Manuel
Published: November 2022

This article compares the accounts of Pope Innocent IV’s death in Salimbene de Adam’s „Cronica“ and Matthew Paris’ „Chronica Majora“, focusing on the narrative strategies employed to ascribe a good or a bad death to the deceased through the depiction of his final hours. Each chronicler attributed different misdeeds to the pope, for which he was punished by his death. The results of this comparison suggest conclusions about the chroniclers and their works, the contemporary assessment of Pope Innocent IV, and descriptions of papal deaths in historiography.
Il caso delle prelature personali dei Genovesi nella Roma tardo-barocca
Authors: Ceccarelli Alessia
Published: November 2022

This essay publishes the preliminary findings of a study of the personal prelatures established in Rome between the seventeenth and eighteenth century by some cardinals belonging to the Genoese aristocracy. Of particular importance in this context are the Pallavicino and Spinola prelatures, respectively founded by cardinals Lazzaro Pallavicino (in 1679) and Gio. Battista Spinola ‚il giovane‘ (in 1707). These ecclesiastical positions were established by means of a bequest assigning a significant annual income (alongside the use of a prestigious residence, fully furnished and endowed with a library, in the case of the Spinola prelature) to the kinsman who in each generation showed most promise among those who had entered the clergy. Above all, Lazzaro and Gio. Battista desired the beneficiaries of the bequest to take up permanent residence at the Papal court, thereby establishing a firm connection between the family and the Curia. Personal prelatures thus appear to be a further part of the larger social, political, and cultural picture of the nationes in Rome. The Spinola prelature, in particular, responded to the more specific aim of establishing a Cardinal’s court as a site of diplomacy, with spaces suitable for socializing and political negotiation.
Strategie di divulgazione scientifica e nation building nel primo Ottocento
Authors: Re Federica
Published: November 2022

The history of popular science in early nineteenth-century Italy constitutes a broad but little investigated research field. This article aims to explore the topic from the viewpoint of the pre-unitarian authors who contributed to the growth of this publishing sector. To shed light on the relationship between their narrative strategies and the nation-building process, it focuses on a major case study: the analysis of the role played by unexpected events in several travel memoirs written by Francesco Cusani Confalonieri, a historian, publisher and Lombard patriot (1802–1879). To capture the attention of the reader, and determined to both delight and instruct, the author resorted in two instances to the device of self-narration, based on his travel journals. In 1838, he published „Remembrances of a Trip in Bavaria, Saxony and Prussia“ in a periodical that he had established for young people entitled „Historical and Picturesque Museum for the Youth“. Later, between 1846 and 1847, he printed his first original work, addressed to an adult audience: „Historical and Statistical Memoirs“ of Dalmatia, the Ionian Islands and Greece, countries that he had visited in 1840. By examining the ways in which order and disorder were integrated into these two texts, the study underlines the connection between Cusani’s narrative choices and his cultural objectives, also thanks to research on his personal letters, hitherto untouched. It thus shows that, through the writing process, the unexpected events encountered by the narrator during his trips underwent a transformation: from constitutive aspects of the scientific experience to romantic elements that the writer deemed crucial to earn the favour of his readers and convey to them new historic-geographical knowledge as well as a vision of the world in line with his liberal ideals.
Zur Geschichte der italienisch-faschistischen Division Monterosa im deutsch besetzten Italien 1944–1945
Authors: Gentile Carlo , Corniani Francesco
Published: November 2022

This paper develops out of a specific event. In 2020, the town of Münsingen in the Swabian Alps commissioned its authors to write a historical report on the Italian Fascist Monterosa Division, focusing on its function and role in the German occupation of Italy from 1944 to 1945. The issue to be clarified was the extent to which the division was involved in war crimes during this period. The background to the request was a monument erected in 1986 in the Ehrenhain, Münsingen’s „grove of honour“, by the division’s veterans’ association (Associazione degli appartenenti alla divisione Monterosa). This monument has since led to repeated controversy and heated debate over its Fascist symbolism and the division’s involvement in anti-partisan warfare in Italy. Our paper focuses on the experience of officers in the Fascist regime, the division’s operations against partisans and at the front, its crimes, and the attempts of the veterans’ association in the post-war period to gain official recognition in both Germany and Italy. The Monterosa Mountain Division was created in 1943/1944 by Benito Mussolini’s Repubblica sociale italiana (RSI) as one of four military divisions to join front-line combat with the German Army in Italy. Largely composed of young conscripts from Northern Italy, its older non-commissioned officers had extensive war experience from the Italian occupation of Greece and the Balkans, and from the Eastern Front. Its commander, General Mario Carloni, was a hardliner, an energetic, ruthless, and politicised Fascist officer who after the collapse of the Italian state in 1943 chose to continue fighting for Mussolini’s side and to support the German occupation of Italy. German instructors trained the Monterosa Division in Münsingen. In late August 1944, it was sent to Italy and assigned to coastal defense duties on the east coast of Liguria, an area almost completely controlled by partisans. The division thus became involved in anti-partisan actions and began to take hostages, shoot civilians and prisoners of war, and destroy village houses. In 1951, a division association was founded, with former General Carloni as its honorary president. Until 2001, it tried in vain to gain recognition from the Associazione Nazionale Alpini (ANA), the most important veterans’ and reservists’ association of Italian mountain troops. In Germany, on the other hand, the former Monterosa soldiers found faster access to veterans’ associations. The first visit by former division members to Münsingen took place as early as 1952. In the 1970s, these visits became increasingly regular and were given official sanction. During the 1980s, the division association’s connections further expanded and ultimately resulted in the erection of a memorial to the fallen. In Germany, of all places, the RSI veterans received the recognition that was so difficult for them to obtain in their home country.
Globale Musikgeschichte – der lange Weg
Authors: Strohm Reinhard
Published: November 2022

The paper is an overview of the musicological research project „Towards a global history of music“, which was carried out between 2013 and 2017 on the basis of a Balzan Prize for Musicology (2012), with the assistance of international music research institutes and their specialists. A main outcome of the project are three collective volumes of papers, published in 2018, 2019 and 2021, respectively. The project has viewed the variety of musical experiences around the world as a historical unfolding, to be explored via a „long path“ through both geography and history. It has queried the enlightenment idea of a fundamental unity of all music (universalism), and the often fragile status of musical-cultural identities on the regional or national levels. It has sought to join methodologies of ethnomusicology and historical research, and has observed that the concepts of music and historiography themselves are less than universal. To the discourses of globalisation and modernisation, the project has added the alternative of transculturality, allowing for more neutral or participatory interpretations of cultural encounter. Summarising this research, tensions between nation and migration, regionalism and adaptation, ‚radial‘ and ‚imposed‘ globality are shown. The paper proposes to expand such studies into non-scientific practice and to find new institutional bases, which would benefit further global understanding and sharing.
On ω
*-open sets and decomposition of continuity
Authors: Roy Bishwambhar , Sen Ritu
Published: November 2022

In this paper our main interest is to introduce a new topology on an ideal topological space.We have studied some properties of this newly defined topology. It is shown that X is Lindelöf with respect to this new topology if and only if it is Lindelöf with respect to the old one.We have introduced and studied ω
*-continuity and some related notions. Finally we have given decomposition theorem for continuity and ω
*-continuity.
Die Unsicherheit verändert alles: Die Zukunft der Globalisierung
Authors: Marin Dalia
Published: November 2022

The COVID-pandemic is an unprecedented uncertainty shock. The increased uncertainty made global supply chains more vulnerable and costly. At the same the financing costs of a robot relative to hourly wages declined substantially when central banks reduced interest rates to fight the crisis. The pandemic is expected to lead to de-globalization with supply chains declining by 35 percent. I then discuss whether governments should intervene to help firms navigate the crisis.
Why Biologists & Biology Teachers Are Uniquely Qualified to Discuss the Issue of Biological Race
Authors: O’Connell Marcia L. , Grochau-Wright Zachariah I. , Fisher Christopher T.
Published: November 2022

The damaging outcomes of racist ideologies continue to influence all aspects of society. This in spite of the fact that at their core these ideologies rely on a fundamentally false assumption: that biologically there are different races among humans. The source of this fallacy is pseudoscience and historical prejudice, and yet even scientists and medical professionals continue to apply misconceptions about biological race when performing research or practicing medicine. Scientific educators are in a unique position to dismantle the central damaging assumption, and here we provide a straightforward approach that educators can employ for engaging in this conversation. It is organized around four questions that build sequentially and integrate the latest science with a history of the topic: How did the myth of biological subcategories of humans become ingrained as a scientific concept? How has scientists’ approach to taxonomy changed since Linnaeus’s first human classifications? What does biology now tell us about variation within the human species? Why is it critical to debunk this myth? We provide answers with which scientific educators can re-center the conversation around historical and scientific facts, while highlighting how misapplication of the evidence harms the integrity of science as a field.
Warm-Blooded Mammals
Authors: Brack Virgil , Boyles Justin G. , Cable Ted T.
Published: November 2022

As researchers, teachers, and practitioners we often encounter young professionals and lay adults who do not understand basics of mammalian body temperature regulation. Often their single solid piece of knowledge is that some vertebrates (mammals and birds) are warm-blooded and some (fish, amphibians, and reptile) are cold-blooded, which is incorrect. There are many thermal capabilities and regulatory strategies. We provide basics of body temperature regulation, including definitions, its evolution, examples of body temperature variability, unique examples of hibernation and torpor, and we explain how a better understanding benefits individuals in personal and professional lives. We suggest a simple replacement of the warm-blooded paradigm that can be used to inform even young students. As a starting point, students young and old are familiar with species of mammals (e.g., platypus and opossums) that do not maintain as constant or as warm of a body temperature as humans and dogs. Students also know that humans do not maintain a constant body temperature over time (they have a “temperature” when sick) or all part of their body (they have cold hands and feet outside in winter).
ҚАРАҚАЛПАҚ ГҮРРИӉЛЕРИ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРИ ПРОФЕССОР С.БАҲАДЫРОВАНЫӉ ИЗЕРТЛЕЎЛЕРИНДЕ
Authors: Бекбергенова Зияда Утеповна
Published: November 2022

Мақалада профессор С.Баҳадырованыӊ кѳп қырлы дѳретиўшилик лабораториясына тийисли 1970-жыллары күнделикли баспа сѳз бетлеринде қарақалпақ жазыўшыларыныӊ гүрриӊ ҳәм новелла жанрына тийисли шығармаларына билдирген ой-пикирлери ҳаққында сѳз етиледи.
Mesenchymal stem cells as an adjuvant for the treatment of poi, and as a support in expectant management of placental hematomas and premature rupture of membranes: case report
Authors: Jesús Estuardo Luján Irastorza , Mauricio Di Silvio-López , Carlos Durand-Montaño , Roberto Hernández-Ramos , de Jesús Ávila-Pérez Felipe , Julio Myslabodski , Maruxa Pariente-Fernández , Angélica Paredes-Núñez María , Giovani Pacheco-Pineda Josué , Víctor Manuel Vargas-Hernández
Published: November 2022

In Mexico, 17% of women of childbearing age have infertility problems, this alteration may be associated to Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI). On the other hand, Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is defined as the rupture of ovular membranes before labor begins. The application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) has been proposed for the treatment of POI, placental abruption and PROM. Objective: Describe a case report of a patient that received MSCs by intravenous injection as an adjuvant for the treatment of POI, and as an aid to reduce placental hematomas that appeared during pregnancy, which resulted in PROM (preterm, and previable), and a preterm baby delivery (alive). Clinical case presentation: A 30-year-old woman with history of primary infertility of 2 years; Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) of 0.2 ng/mL; laparoscopic Bilateral Tubal Obstruction (BTO), endometriosis, diagnostic and surgical laparoscopy for myomatosis, and Factor VII deficiency; as well as 3 IVF, 4 embryo transfers, and 1 IUI unsuccessful. With confirmed POI diagnosis, the application of several doses at different times of MSCS is decided, resulting in pregnancy. Sometime later during pregnancy, placental hematomas and PROM are observed and decided to apply MSCs at different stages of pregnancy, resulting in the live birth of a baby (29.3 Weeks of Gestation) Conclusion: The application of multiple doses of MSCs turns more efficient the placental tissue restoration, allowing hematomas to disappear, and delaying a possible PROM.
Mental Health Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Incarcerated in Juvenile Corrections
Authors: Clark Kirsty A. , Harvey Tyler D. , Hughto Jaclyn M.W. , Meyer Ilan H.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVES

This study examined differences by sexual and gender minority (SGM) and incarceration statuses in mental health indicators among youth.

METHODS

Population-based, cross-sectional data are from the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 72 324) and includes public school students (Mage = 15.49) and youth incarcerated in juvenile correctional facilities (Mage = 15.48). We categorized youth into 4 groups: (1) non-SGM youth in public schools, (2) non-SGM youth in correctional facilities, (3) SGM youth in public schools, and (4) SGM youth in correctional facilities. Multivariable regression models assessed associations among SGM and incarceration statuses and mental health indicators after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to adverse childhood experiences.

RESULTS

More youth in juvenile correctional facilities identified as SGM (28.8%) compared with youth in public schools (20.4%, P = .002). SGM youth in correctional facilities reported a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation (42.2%), suicide attempt (37.5%), and self-harm (57.8%) compared with all other groups. Depressive symptom severity was similarly elevated among SGM youth in correctional facilities and SGM youth in public schools. SGM youth in correctional facilities, compared with non-SGM youth in public schools, demonstrated elevated odds of suicide ideation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.3–3.9), suicide attempt (aOR = 6.3, 95% CI = 3.6–10.9), and self-harm (aOR = 3.6, 95% CI = 2.1–6.3).

CONCLUSIONS

Incarcerated SGM youth disproportionately experience negative mental health indicators. Findings suggest that tailored, intersectional, and responsive mental health interventions are needed to support incarcerated SGM youth.
Медійна активність та ставлення респондентів до української телерадіоаналітики
Authors: Yelisovenko Yurii , Nahorniak Maiia , Synchak Bohdan
Published: November 2022

У цій статті розглянуто результати анкетування української громадськості — реальних та потенційних телеглядачів і радіослухачів, щодо їхньої медійної активності та ставлення до телерадіоаналітики. Опитування проводилось у період перекодування телеканалів в Україні, починаючи з 28.01.2020 по 28.01.2021 рр. В анкетуванні взяли участь 1117 осіб різного вікового діапазону, різної соціальної, гендерної, професійної належності, до того ж, респонденти з різних місць проживання. Акцент зроблено на питаннях: загальний попит на телерадіоконтент та типи мовлення; частотність прослуховування / перегляду радіо та телепередач; розуміння респондентами суті медійної аналітики, основних її функцій; ставлення до журналістської етики, використання мультимедійних технологій на радіо, інтерактивних методів; порівняння кількісних показників попиту на контент телеканалів при вільному доступі до них упродовж 2019 р. та після їх закодування з 28.01.2020 р., а також попиту на контент українських радіостанцій у цей же період. Ціль дослідження — з’ясувати кількісні та якісні показники медійної активності та ставлення респондентів до радіо та телеаналітики. Соціологічна вибірка цього дослідження не передбачала особливих умов підбору респондентів, а тому формувалась випадково і хаотично, так само як зазвичай формується медійна авдиторія. За задумом авторів основна увага респондента спрямована на логіку питання, а не на логіку побудови анкетування, для цього в анкеті застосовано хаотичне розташування запитань, що дає змогу відволікти увагу респондентів від контрольних запитань. Посилання на анкету: https://forms.gle/D9vgHQW1nCkZqN668
“Um adeus português?”
Authors: Neto Sérgio , Serrano Clara Isabel , Oliveira Sarah Luna de
Published: November 2022

O ano de 2022 está a ser assinalado pelos 200 anos da independência do Brasil. A este propósito muitas têm sido as análises vindas a terreiro sobre tal processo histórico, bem como as reflexões acerca das dificuldades com que se confrontou o futuro Estado-Nação: uma monarquia numa América de repúblicas. Assim, importa observar a visão que desse processo foi construída e perpetuada na historiografia escolar portuguesa, pois, como assinala Justino Magalhães: “o livro escolar é o principal ordenador da cultura, da memória e da ação escolares”, assim como o “principal suporte da cultura escolar e produto de uma dialética entre discurso e episteme” (2006, p. 5). O presente texto propõe-se refletir a projeção de uma determinada imagem hegemônica do processo de independência do Brasil presente na literatura escolar lusitana, através de uma metodologia analítica e de uma exegese documental fundamentada na leitura de dezesseis manuais escolares (e nove outros de apoio). Esses foram selecionados em função da popularidade de seus autores, de seu uso alargado ao longo da formação escolar portuguesa, assim como daqueles que são mais adotados pelas escolas (isto após o fim do livro único dos tempos da ditadura). A cronologia compreenderá dois períodos: a Ditadura Militar e o Estado Novo (1926-1974) e desde o 25 de abril até a atualidade, procurando observar as continuidades e rupturas, convergências e divergências, internas e externas.
Memórias de medo
Authors: Lobo Dalva de Souza , Furtado Evandro de Andrade
Published: November 2022

Ao longo dos séculos o Grotesco passou a designar, além das artes, a estética literária. É o caso da obra A dança dos ossos, de Bernardo Guimarães, narrativa sobre a qual nos interessa problematizar a figuração como uma literatura de horror. Assumindo como objetivo principal identificar a presença do Grotesco e os efeitos de sentido produzidos por ele, elencamos os conceitos de Horror, a partir de H. P. Lovecraft, memória e oralidade, na perspectiva de Halbwacks, Bergson e Zumthor, respectivamente, visando analisar fragmentos da narrativa. Esperamos, assim, contribuir para com os estudos literários que apresentam tal temática.
discurso de Baco Exu do Blues acerca da corporalidade negra
Authors: Santos Camilla Ramos dos , Rocha Marlucia Mendes da
Published: November 2022

Flagelada desde o evento da escravidão, diante do racismo estrutural, a corporalidade negra ainda carece de narrativas que a fortaleçam no engajamento político-cultural. Os estereótipos dedicados à mulher negra e ao homem negro são parodiados e censurados nas composições do rapper baiano Baco Exu do Blues, mediante críticas ácidas. Na dialética que se estabelece na produção da linguagem, em resposta a enunciados racistas e antirracistas, o artista engendra o reconhecimento das capacidades positivas dos afrodescendentes trazendo narrativas de empoderamento, principalmente para a juventude preta. O rap atua disseminando que assumir a negritude é um ato político e necessário para o enfrentamento ao preconceito e à discriminação. Trata-se de uma luta travada no plano das construções da ideologia do cotidiano, que influencia as consciências individuais e todos os sistemas de expressão humana. A partir dos pressupostos da Análise Dialógica do Discurso, o presente trabalho possui como objetivo examinar as condições de produção da materialidade discursiva da corporeidade negra e o discurso de Baco acerca dessa constituição em suas canções. A base teórica da pesquisa, além da Filosofia da Linguagem, dialoga também com a Teoria da Literatura e os Estudos Culturais. Como método de investigação é utilizada a abordagem metalinguística. Ora parodiando, ora censurando o lugar-comum, o rapper agencia o orgulho negro. Assim, é produzida uma linguagem que abrange a filosofia da Consciência Negra, o pensamento que corresponde a uma parte essencial da luta que busca reparar os danos sofridos pela opressão e o silenciamento das alteridades dominadas pela supremacia branca.
Tathwiir Wasiilah Ta’liim Al-Mufradaat Bi Istikhdaam Lu’bah Bithaaqah Karuta Li Al-Mustawa Al-Tsaanawiyah Li As-Shaf Ats-Tsaamin
Authors: Ditarahmi Elya
Published: November 2022

Media is a tool to provide incentives for students so that the learning process occurs. Karuta card game is a picture card game from Japan. This research is a development research with 4D model which consists of four steps, namely: define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, the researcher limits the development procedure only to limited trials for teachers and students. The development procedure in this research is: the define stage or called needs analysis stage. This stage consists of five steps, namely front and analysis, learner analysis, task analysis, concept analysis, and specifying instructional objectives. The results that researchers get from this stage are this media needs to be develop. Then the design stage: looking for vocabulary, design karuta card, design control book, score book, and game rule book, print karuta card, and make a box of karuta cards. Then, the last stage is the develop stage, namely: expert validation test, the result is “Valid” in terms of media and “Very Valid” in terms of material. Then limited trial for teachers and students, the result is “Very Practical” which means that karuta card game can be used in vocabulary learning for eight grade in State High Schools.
Wasilah Renderforest Fi Tadris Al-Mufrodat Li Thalabah As-Shaf Ats-Tsamin Fi Al-Madrasah Al-Tsanawiyah Al-Hukumiyah 1 Payakumbuh
Authors: Umar Mulya Rahmy
Published: November 2022

The main problem in this study is "Does Renderforest media affect improving students’ skill in mufrodat of class VIII MTsN 1 Payakumbuh?". This study aims to know students' skills in mufrodat before using Renderforest media, to know its use, and to know its effect on the skill in mufrodat of class VIII MTsN 1 Payakumbuh. The research methodology used in this study is an experimental research methodology with a quantitative approach and the type of field research. The data collection instrument used a test. The researcher analyzed the data using SPSS 20. The researcher found that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous with a significance value of > 0.05 as a requirement for the T-test. The results showed that the use of Renderforest media affected the student's skill in mufrodat of class VIII MTsN 1 Payakumbuh. This can be seen from the difference in the average mufrodat scores of students before using Renderforest media and after. Student learning outcomes before using the media Renderforest were 60.68 and after 85.83. Meanwhile, based on the T-test, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 is smaller than 0.05 and the calculated T-value (-12, 164) is greater than the table T-value (-20, 935). So, the researcher concludes that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So, Renderforest media has a significant effect on the student's skill in mufrodat of class VIII MTsN 1 Payakumbuh.