bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapeutic Management of a Sitting Program for Subjects with Altered Consciousness: A Case Series
Authors: Candoni Gerardo , Lecuona Daniela , Troia Carolina
Published: December 2023

Background/Objective: The verticalization of subjects with altered consciousness through a standing table or sitting generates improvements in their behavior, wakefulness, and level of consciousness. The objective of this study was to describe the physiotherapeutic management of a verticalization program for subjects with altered consciousness in acute and subacute stages.Methods Subjects with a diagnosis of altered consciousness and fluent in Spanish were included, while those with missing 20% of data were excluded. A sitting program was conducted for 30 minutes a day for 10 days, measuring the change in the level of consciousness using the Revised Coma Scale and monitoring adverse effects.Results Out of the eight subjects included in the study, seven exhibited improvements in their level of consciousness, with only one subject experiencing adverse effects during the sitting program. One subject was eliminated from the study due to incomplete data.Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive description of the physiotherapeutic management of a verticalization program for subjects with altered consciousness during the acute and subacute stages. The majority of included subjects demonstrated an improvement in their level of consciousness.
Effect of different physical activity interventions on perinatal depression: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Shuai Yu , Wu Jinlong , Li Chenmu , Li Dong
Published: December 2023

Background
Perinatal depression can have profound impacts on both families and society. Exercise therapy is gradually becoming a widely used adjunct treatment for perinatal depression. Some studies have already focused on the relationship between physical activity and perinatal depression (PND). However, there is currently a lack of systematic and comprehensive evidence to address the crucial question of making optimal choices among different forms of physical activity. This study aims to compare and rank different physical activity intervention strategies and identify the most effective one for perinatal depression.
Methods
Four databases, namely PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, were searched for randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of physical activity interventions on perinatal depression. The search covered the period from the inception of the databases until June 2023. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1.
Results
A total of 45 studies were included in the analysis. The results indicate that relaxation therapy has the most effective outcome in reducing perinatal depression (SUCRA = 96.6%). Following that is mind-body exercise (SUCRA = 73.8%). Traditional aerobics and aquatic sports were also effective interventions (SUCRA = 70.1% and 67.6%, respectively).
Conclusion
Our study suggests that integrated mental and physical (MAP) training such as relaxation therapy and mind-body exercise show better performance in reducing perinatal depression. Additionally, while exercise has proven to be effective, the challenge lies in finding ways to encourage people to maintain a consistent exercise routine.
Trial registration
Registration and protocol CRD 42023469537.
Trial registration
This study has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD 42023469537).
Atmospheric circulation to constrain subtropical precipitation projections
Authors: Chemke Rei , Yuval Janni
Published: December 2023

Accurately assessing future precipitation changes is one of the largest challenges of climate change. A leading source of uncertainty in precipitation predictions stems from potential fu10 ture changes in atmospheric circulation1, 2. Specifically, in the tropics, changes in the Hadley circulation are expected to considerably affect precipitation in dry subtropical and wet equatorial regions3–6. However, while climate models project a robust weakening of the Northern Hemisphere circulation in the coming decades1, 7, currently, we have low confidence in the magnitude of such weakening and its impact on regional precipitation patterns1. Here, using emergent constraint analyses and observed-based Hadley circulation strength changes8, we show that the Hadley circulation is expected to undergo substantially stronger weakening in the coming decades, relative to current predictions. The more robust projected weakening of the flow is found to yield more than a doubling of subtropical precipitation increase than currently forecasted, while it implies a weaker future increase in equatorial precipitation. Our findings not only diminish the uncertainty surrounding tropical circulation and precipitation projections but also suggest that the dry Northern Hemisphere subtropics, currently projected to get drier, might, in fact, get wetter in the coming decades.
LCC-based approach for design and requirement specification for railway track system
Authors: Famurewa Stephen Mayowa , Kirilmaz Elias , Chamkhorami Khosro Soleimani , Kasraei Ahmad , Garmabaki Amir
Published: December 2023

Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis is an important tool for effective infrastructure management. It is an essential decision support methodology for selection, design, development, construction, and maintenance of railway infrastructure system. Effective implementation of LCC analysis will assure cost-effective operation of railways from both investment and life-cycle perspectives. A major setback in the successful implementation of LCC by infrastructure managers is the availability of relevant, reliable, and structured data. Different cost estimation methods and prediction models have been developed to deal with this challenge. However, there is a need to integrate prediction models as an integral part of LCC methodology to account for possible changes in the model variables. This article presents an LCC based approach for requirement specification. It integrates degradation models with an LCC model to study the impact of change in design speed on key decision criteria such as track possession time, service life of track system, and LCC. The methodology is applied to an ongoing railway investment project in Sweden to investigate and quantify the impact of design speed change from 250 km/h to 320 km/h. The results from the studied degradation models show that the correction factor for a change in speed varies between 0,79 and 0,96. Using this correction factor to compensate for changes in design speed, the service life of ballasted track system is estimated to decrease by an average of 15%. Further, the LCC of the route under consideration will increase by an expected value of 30%.
Novel tetrahydroisoquinolines as DHFR and CDK2 inhibitors: Synthesis, characterization, anticancer activity and antioxidant properties
Authors: Sayed Eman M. , Bakhite Etify A. , Hassanien Reda , Farhan Nasser , Aly Hanan F. , Morsy Salma G. , Hassan Nivin A.
Published: December 2023

In this study, we synthesized new 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolines and 6,7,8,9-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]isoquinolines based on 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl moiety as expected anticancer and/or antioxidant agents. The structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic data and elemental analyses. We evaluated the anticancer activity of these compounds towards two cell lines: A459 (lung cancer cell line) and MCF7 (breast cancer cell line). All tested compounds showed moderate to strong anti-cancer activity towards the two cell lines. Compound 7e exhibited the strongest cytotoxic activity against A549 cell line (IC50: 0.155 µM) while compound 8d showed the strongest one against MCF7 cell line (IC50: 0.170 µM) compared with doxorubicin. In addition, we examined the impact of compounds 7e and 8d on the growth of A549 and MCF7 cell lines, employing flow cytometery and an Annexin V-FITC apoptotic assay. Compound 7e caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase with a 79-fold increase in apoptosis of A459 cell line. In contrast, compound 8d caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase with a 69-fold increase in apoptosis of MCF7 cell line. Furthermore, we studied the activity of these compounds as enzyme inhibitors against several enzymes. Our findings showed that compound 7e is a potent CDK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.149 µM, compared to the Roscovitine control drug which showed an IC50 of 0.380 µM. We also found that compound 8d is a significant DHFR inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.199 µM, compared to Methotrexate control drug which showed IC50 of 0.131 µM. Evaluation the antioxidant properties of ten compounds was also included and promising results obtained.
The impact of a European unemployment benefit scheme on labour supply and income distribution
Authors: Lefebvre Mathieu , Simon Agathe
Published: December 2023

This paper investigates the effect of introducing a European unemployment insurance scheme (EMU-UI) on the labour supply and income distribution in the Eurozone countries. We simulate various reform scenarios based on structural estimation of the labour supply and using the European tax-benefit microsimulation model EUROMOD. The results show that the labour supply response to the introduction of an EMU-UI differs substantially across countries and depends on the design of the EMU-UI. We find that a flat EMU-UI scheme implies a strong work disincentive but reduces poverty. On the contrary, a fully contribution-related EMU-UI system limits much more the distortions on the labour market in most countries but has limited effects on poverty and inequality. An EMU-UI with a common replacement rate, articulated with floor and ceiling amounts, would allow for upward convergence as it would strongly reduce poverty and inequality in several countries while not inducing substantial labour supply reduction.
Shooting left or right in the National Hockey League: Likely influence of batting in baseball and different success levels
Authors: Grondin Simon , Rioux Pier-Alexandre , Fortin-Guichard Daniel
Published: December 2023

This study addresses the question of the lateral preference of the National Hockey League players. The shooting preference, left or right, was analysed as a function of the origin of four groups of players that are from the USA, Canada, Europe, or Russia. The analysis reveals that the players from the USA are more likely to shoot right than players from other countries. This finding, which applies to both forward and defense players, is attributed to the potential higher participation to baseball during youth of American players. Compared to defense players from other groups, defense players from the USA have a higher number of shots per game and a higher goal-to-assist ratio, a finding argued to depend on the playing style coming with the placement of hands on the stick. The study also shows that for wingers shooting left, those playing on the right wing have more goals or points per game than those playing on the left wing; and that European forward players have a better differential (+/-) than American and Canadian forward players. The study reveals the cultural influence on the preference in a bimanual asymmetric task and the impact of this preference on ice hockey performances.
Tropical Race 4 and Race 1 strains causing Fusarium wilt of banana infect and survive in Heliconiaspecies and ornamental bananas
Authors: Parte Einar Martínez de la , Meijer Harold J.G. , Quesada Mauricio Gúzman , Carr Claudiana , Jimmenez Silvia Masis , Perez-Vicente Luis , Kema G.H.J
Published: December 2023

Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by soilborne Fusarium spp., is a major global threat to the cultivation of bananas. In addition to persistent chlamydospores, weeds are a reservoir of the causal agents. However, it remains unclear whether other Zingiberales species, which are grown in the same geographic regions, also can serve as hosts for Fusarium spp. that cause FWB. Greenhouse assays were conducted to investigate whether Fusarium phialophorum (Race 1; pathogenic to Gros Michel banana) and Fusarium odoratissimum (TR4; pathogenic to Cavendish banana) can infect three Heliconia species, two ornamental banana species or Musa textilis (abacá). Heliconia latispatha, Musa balbisiana, and Musa coccinea displayed external symptoms after inoculation with TR4, while inoculation with Race 1 caused symptoms in H. latispatha, H. psittacorum, M. coccinea, and M. velutina. Isolates recovered from distinct organs of all studied plant species were characterized and re-isolated strains caused FWB symptoms in Gros Michel and Cavendish banana plants, and their rhizome discolored area scores were similar to the reference strains. The susceptibility of some ornamental species and the presence of Fusarium strains as asymptomatic endophytes in others, with remaining pathogenicity, call for a revision of the race nomenclature and the current containment protocols for FWB.
A Video Recommendation Model Based on Enhanced Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Delgado Booker , Nieves Maritza , Whitman Greta
Published: December 2023

The recommendation system infers user interests by collecting their historical behavior, thereby generating a list of recommendations. The goal of a video recommendation system is to fulfill user needs by recommending videos that align with their interests. In such a system, the relevant input data consists of the user's historical video-watching behavior sequence, where the order of videos in the sequence represents the chronological relationship of user video consumption. The output data is a probabilistic model that calculates the likelihood of a given user watching a specific video in the next viewing session. Once this model is obtained, probabilities can be computed for all candidate videos, and the recommendation list can be generated by sorting these probabilities in descending order. Here, we propose a video recommendation model based on graph convolutional networks. This recommendation model constructs a heterogeneous graph that includes user and video nodes and behavior edges. It builds an embedding layer to obtain representation vectors for users and videos, designs vectors to characterize users' long-term and short-term interests, and introduces a prediction layer to estimate the probability of a user watching a video.
Effect of Temperature on Thermal Characterization of Al 6061 Matrix Composites Reinforced with Fine Silicon Nitride Particles
Authors: J Kumaraswamy
Published: December 2023

In the current study, stirred casting has been used to process Al6061 reinforced with Si3N4 small particles in a variety of configurations. Tests using energy dispersive spectrometers have confirmed that Al6061 and Si3N4 are the main components of the treated compounds. Si3N4 composition has been added to Al6061 at different weight concentrations of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12%. A study using optical microscopy has been conducted to determine the composite material configuration. We have tried to investigate the microstructures and thermal behaviour of composites reinforced with Si3N4 at varying weight fractions in this work. After Si3N4 was added to Al6061, the microstructure, thermal conductivity increased by 23.33%, and the coefficient of thermal expansion decreased by 20.73%. The thermal characteristics of Al6061 reinforced with Si3N4 fine particles were superior to those of Al6061 without Si3N4 reinforcement.
A condição da educação patrimonial na era do Snapchat
Authors: Da Silva Rodrigo Manoel Dias
Published: December 2023

O presente ensaio assume o aplicativo de câmera Snapchat como uma alegoria ou figura de pensamento apropriada para caracterizar as relações sociais estabelecidas em nosso tempo, bem como, nossa relação com o tempo. A partir de um estudo conceitual, inspirado na Teoria Sociológica Contemporânea, examina a condição da educação patrimonial na “Era do Snapchat”. Para tal, a argumentação apresentada procura enfrentar, principalmente, duas questões: Como pensar o patrimônio cultural, quando os conteúdos culturais são autodestrutíveis? Como educar para a valorização de patrimônios, quando as imagens produzidas duram apenas 24 horas? A partir da análise, constatou-se que em sociedades onde vigora a individualização, verifica-se o declínio das memórias coletivas organizadas; a ampliação de museus e acervos privados, sem clara finalidade pública; a musealização de coleções privadas e o declínio de seus sentidos nacionais ou integradores. No caso específico de ações sociais promotoras de pautas patrimoniais, dentre estas a educação patrimonial, tendem a vigorar processos de individualização ou personalização das memórias e dos patrimônios culturais.
Rádio Escolar e Letramento: Possibilidades para o quinto ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigo Otávio , Delanhese Idiana
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reflexões acerca da rádio escolar no ensino de crianças do quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para tanto, discutimos sobre educomunicação e, posteriormente, acerca da criação de uma rádio escolar. Na sequência, debatemos a questão do desenvolvimento técnico da rádio no ambiente escolar, as questões de leitura, escrita e letramento e, para finalizar, destacamos os benefícios da rádio escolar. Os principais autores utilizados na pesquisa foram: Baltar (2012), Consani (2015), Orozco Gómez (2014), Martín-Barbero (2000), Ausubel (1968), Freinet (1969), Bruner (1964, 1997), Pietri (2009), Freire (2019) e Vygotski (2007, 2008). A metodologia é de abordagem qualitativa, com objetivos descritivos e com os métodos bibliográfico e documental. O principal resultado do estudo é a discussão acerca da possibilidade para a instalação de uma rádio na escola, com a função de melhorar questões de letramento, leitura, interpretação de texto e escrita, entre outras.
Technological Multistructurality of Timber Industry Complex in Russia: Past and Present
Authors: Latypova Viktoriya
Published: December 2023

The raw material model of Russia’s economy does not provide a suitable level of citizen wellbeing or international competitiveness. The sanctions have enabled the timber industry of Russia to develop by creating its own technologies and production facilities. However, the development is complicated by lack of qualified personnel, modern equipment, and reliable information about the composition of forests, etc. The article considers switching from an export-raw material to an innovative model of the timber industry development in the aspect of transitioning to a new technological paradigm. The purpose of the article is to analyze timber industry’s possibilities of transitioning to the 6th technological paradigm, as well as difficulties associated with this transition. The authors highlight timber industry complex formation stages in the technological paradigm levels context. The Russian timber industry complex is multistructural due to relying on 3rd, 4th and 5th technological paradigms. Therefore, in order to transition to a new technological paradigm, it is necessary to train highly qualified personnel, construct full-cycle processing timber chemical plants that use advanced technologies and take into account the green economy principles, etc.
GTAP-Power Data Base: Version 11
Authors: Chepeliev Maksym
Published: December 2023

This paper provides an overview of the GTAP-Power 11 Data Base, which covers 141 individual countries, 19 composite regions and 76 sectors, reporting data for five reference years – 2004, 2007, 2011, 2014 and 2017. The newly constructed database builds on the previous efforts, introducing several new features and updates. First, by extending the coverage across reference years, GTAP-Power 11 Data Base relies on the updated set of the levelized costs of electricity generation. Second, the database includes updates to the shares of transmission and distribution costs across countries. Finally, the newly constructed database includes complementary accounts of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. The GTAP-Power 11 Data Base is further used to explore the drivers behind changing emissions from electricity generation activity across countries and regions using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) and decomposing the underlying drivers into activity, structure, and intensity effects.
CREW FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY EVALUATION WHILE EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY AFTER LONG-TERM ISOLATION EXPERIMENT IN THE GROUND-BASED SPACE STATION MODEL
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Saveko A.A. , Netreba A.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shved D.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shpakov A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Rozanov I.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Gushin V.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tomilovskaya E.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

During interplanetary expeditions, the crew must adapt not only to gravity transitions but also to long-term stay in a limited space of a space station. In such conditions, it develops a significant decrease in motor activity and the formation of a special stereotype of movements in these conditions. Within further planning of ground-based and real interplanetary missions, it is appropriate to assess the impact of these factors on the crew's functional condition, including when modeling lunar gravity using suspension and virtual reality (VR) technologies. The purpose was to determine the functional capabilities of 5 members of the international crew of the 240-day SIRIUS-21 isolation experiment when performing an extravehicular activity (EVA) after 4 and 6 months of isolation in the hermetic facility. During EVA, the crew performed basic motor tasks using VR on an uneven surface: positional tests, voluntary and tandem walking, walking when avoiding and stepping over obstacles, and verticalization from lying and standing on one knee positions. In addition, the EVA scenario included the tasks of controlling the rover while the hands unloading, as well as moving on a sliding surface in a VR environment when the body lunar vertical unloading. In this study, we presented results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of video recording data and qualitative analysis of the electromyographic activity of the muscles of the lower extremities. The results indicate a sufficient level of functional performance of SIRIUS-21 crew members – all the EVA tasks were completed by the crew in full, while no cases of significant loss of balance and signs of pronounced locomotor and vestibular disorders were registered. At the same time, this paper highlights some features of the crew's EVA performance – the effects of sensorimotor training on some tasks with repeated EVA experience, the most common errors, and difficulties in performing the tasks of the EVA scenario.
INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF ANIMALS IN THE COURSE OF MODELING MAINTENANCE CONDITIONS ONBOARD SPACECRAFT BION-M2 WITH VARIOUS EXPERIMENTAL TYPES OF DIET
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Soldatov P.E. , Mednikova E.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Gurieva T.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Dzhalilova D.Sh. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tiurin-Kuzmin A.Yu. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shulaguin Yu.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Morozova Yu.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Krychenkov D.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Soloviev A.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

One of the major approaches to studying spaceflight effects on living systems is flying experimental with animals. IBMP is developing scientific equipment for experiments with animals on spacecraft BION-M2. Among numerous aspects of maintaining animals, the most essential is water and type of diet. On BION-M1, mice consumed a paste-like food that caused some undesirable effects. We decided to use dry pellets combined with slightly gelled water (1.5 % carboxymethyl cellulose) that will simplify a drinker substantially. We thought it would be useful to assess the dependence of mice wellbeing on diet under the conditions onboard spacecraft series BION-M. We tested 3 pellets of varying content, and a paste-like food that had been used in the space experiments. For the purpose of testing and gathering the ground control data, a chamber was designed in which microclimate and air composition dynamics imitated those in space missions as close as possible. The 33-day test was performed with 75 adult male white mice Balb/. There was no fundamental difference in the condition of animals fed with pellets and paste-like food. In future, we intend to give mice pallets + gelled water with a useful mass of 8.8 g/day per a mouse. Useful mass of the paste-like food is two times larger, i.e. 16.6 g/day per a mouse. Pattern of microbial contamination looks generally quite steady. What worries is a small increase of contamination of the gelled water pipeline; possible retrograde contamination from the drinker should not be ignored.
A Study on Friction Stir Welding of Composite Materials for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Aniket Dhavale Spruha , Bhagwatrao Barve Shivprakash
Published: December 2023

Composite materials define the new age for the development of technologies. In a recent study of aerospace structure, conventional materials are replaced by almost 75% by modern composites. The strength-to-weight ratio of aluminum alloys makes it an attractive choice among other materials for industries. Carbon fiber-reinforced composite materials are better alternatives to conventional materials to prepare lighter panels. In many applications, the joining of these composites becomes troublesome. The promising technique to join the advanced composites is still unrevealed. The proper joining method is an essential need for composites. With this aim, we carry out the study to check the feasibilities of Friction Stir Welding for light panels used in aerospace industries. Friction Stir Welding is a solid-state welding method. The external tool solidifies and mixes the metal at the edge line. We reviewed several research articles to understand the difficulties associated with the friction stir welding method.
Urine Analysis in Ayurveda and Modern Medicine: Exploring Convergence and Divergence
Authors: Saurabh Singh Hada  , S.B. Singh  , Poornima Mansoria
Published: December 2023

Urine examination has played a significant role in medical diagnostics across diverse civilizations throughout history. Ayurveda, a traditional healing system originating in the Indian subcontinent, placed importance on urine analysis as a diagnostic tool. In contrast, modern medical science employs sophisticated laboratory techniques and imaging technologies for urine examination. This manuscript delves into the historical context, techniques, and tools used in Ayurveda for urine examination, comparing them with contemporary scientific approaches. Ayurveda's holistic understanding, rooted in the concept of Tridosha utilized urine examination to identify imbalances and formulate personalized treatments. Ayurvedic physicians observed attributes like color, odor, and sedimentation patterns, aligning them with Doshic qualities. Modern urinalysis encompasses visual, chemical, and microscopic analyses, yielding critical clinical information. Elevated glucose, protein, ketones, presence of blood cells, and crystals provide insights into diabetes, kidney dysfunction, infections, and metabolic disorders. Advanced imaging techniques contribute to urinary tract evaluation. By juxtaposing Ayurvedic and modern approaches, potential correlations and synergies emerge, bridging ancient wisdom with contemporary evidence-based medicine. Integrating personalized Ayurvedic principles with objective modern methodologies could lead to enhanced diagnostic accuracy and patient care. Challenges in integration and the importance of holistic patient-centered care are acknowledged. The exploration of urine examination unites tradition and innovation, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration for a holistic approach to healthcare.
From Traditional Knowledge to Modern Medicine: Oxalis Corniculata as a Hepatoprotective and Antibacterial Remedy
Authors: Adiveppa Nashipuadi  , Mosin Karimkhan  , Patil Yuvaraj Rajgonda  , Poonam Patil
Published: December 2023

Oxalis corniculata, a widely used herb in traditional medicine. The review discusses the plant's rich phytochemical composition, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which contribute to its extensive biological activities. The antibacterial potential of Oxalis corniculata is highlighted, with studies demonstrating its effectiveness against a broad spectrum of bacteria. The review also explores the use of nano formulations of Oxalis corniculata, which enhance its antibacterial activity through precise manipulation of materials at the nanoscale. Additionally, the hepatoprotective properties of Oxalis corniculata are discussed, including its ability to protect liver cells against oxidative stress and inflammation. The review concludes that Oxalis corniculata holds great promise in the development of novel therapeutic agents against bacterial infections and liver diseases.
Vishnukranta (Evolvulus alsinoides Linn.) : A Clinical Drug Review
Authors: Shivangi Wagh  , Kalpana Dhuri
Published: December 2023

Vishnukranta (Evolvulus alsinoides Linn. Convolvulaceae), has been documented in Ayurvedic pharmacopoeias which includes Samhita (treatise), Nighantus (lexicons), Chikitsagrantha (compendia of Ayurveda). This paper provides a collective information regarding Vishnukranta, its properties and actions like Budhi-Medha-Smruti Prada (i.e., enhances grasping, retention and recall activity), Cheto Vikarjita (Drug used for maintenance and treatment of psychological disorders). As a single drug, Vishnukranta is indicated in Jvara (fever), Krumi (worm manifestation), Vrana (Ulcer) etc. This review may enrich to documentary research and may provide collective and detailed information about Vishnukranta as is presented in Ayurveda classical texts.
Management of Kamala (Jaundice) with Ayurveda Treatment - A Case Study
Authors: O.P. Vyas  , Arti Dixit  , Abhishek Kumar Tyagi
Published: December 2023

Jaundice is a yellowish pigmentation of the skin, sclera, mucous membrane and intestinal fluid due to high bilirubin levels. In Ayurveda, Jaundice and their treatment are very well described under the heading of Kamala Vyadhi. Jaundice can develop in all age of peoples. Clinically sign of jaundice occur when the serum bilirubin level exceeds 2.5 to 3 mg/dl. Level of bilirubin in blood are normally below 1.0 mg/dl. Most of the people have become used to spicy food, fast food, alcohol consumption day by day. This has taken human being far away from nature. Ayurvedic text has mentioned hepatocellular jaundice as Kamala. Kamala due to frequently intake of Pittakara Aahara (Spicy and fast food). Its leads to vitiation of Pitta Dosha. Kamala is such a disease where in the Rakta Dhatu is vitiated primarily by Pitta Dosha. Kam means different type of desire of body and mind desire especially regarding the diet and physical activity of body are minimised in Kamala. In Kamala disease there is loss of desire to do anything. This paper discusses a patient in the OPD of Kayachikitsa department in Dhanwantari Ayurveda Hospital, Ujjain. His chief complaint is yellow discolouration of skin, Icterus, yellow discolouration of urine (Pittamootrata), Anorexia, since 7 days. Here is a case report of 12 years old child was having Kamala who was treated with some Ayurvedic internal medicine and mild purgative, after 15 days we got effective result by Ayurvedic management.
SunSud: een inclusieve energietransitie in Brussel
Authors: Verlinden Chloë
Published: December 2023

Sinds kort kunnen Europese burgers energiegemeenschappen oprichten. Bieden energiegemeenschappen de weg naar een collectieve en inclusieve energietransitie? Een blik op het SunSud-project in Brussel.
Web-Based Public Reporting as a Decision-Making Tool for Consumers of Long-Term Care in the United States and the United Kingdom: Systematic Analysis of Report Cards (Preprint)
Authors: Kast Kristina , Otten Sara-Marie , Konopik Jens , Maier Claudia B
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Report cards can help consumers make an informed decision when searching for a long-term care facility.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the current state of web-based public reporting on long-term care facilities in the United States and the United Kingdom.

METHODS

We conducted an internet search for report cards, which allowed for a nationwide search for long-term care facilities and provided freely accessible quality information. On the included report cards, we drew a sample of 1320 facility profiles by searching for long-term care facilities in 4 US and 2 UK cities. Based on those profiles, we analyzed the information provided by the included report cards descriptively.

RESULTS

We found 40 report cards (26 in the United States and 14 in the United Kingdom). In total, 11 of them did not state the source of information. Additionally, 7 report cards had an advanced search field, 24 provided simplification tools, and only 3 had a comparison function. Structural quality information was always provided, followed by consumer feedback on 27 websites, process quality on 15 websites, prices on 12 websites, and outcome quality on 8 websites. Inspection results were always displayed as composite measures.

CONCLUSIONS

Apparently, the identified report cards have deficits. To make them more helpful for users and to bring public reporting a bit closer to its goal of improving the quality of health care services, both countries are advised to concentrate on optimizing the existing report cards. Those should become more transparent and improve the reporting of prices and consumer feedback. Advanced search, simplification tools, and comparison functions should be integrated more widely.
The Accuracy and Appropriateness of ChatGPT Responses on Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Information Using Zero-Shot Chain of Thought Prompting (Preprint)
Authors: O'Hagan Ross , Poplausky Dina , Young Jade N , Gulati Nicholas , Levoska Melissa , Ungar Benjamin , Ungar Jonathan
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

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Targeting COVID-19 and Human Resources for Health News Information Extraction: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Ravaut Mathieu , Zhao Ruochen , Phung Duy , Qin Vicky Mengqi , Milovanovic Dusan , Pienkowska Anita , Bojic Iva , Car Josip , Joty Shafiq
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Global pandemics like COVID-19 put a high amount of strain on health care systems and health workers worldwide. These crises generate a vast amount of news information published online across the globe. This extensive corpus of articles has the potential to provide valuable insights into the nature of ongoing events and guide interventions and policies. However, the sheer volume of information is beyond the capacity of human experts to process and analyze effectively.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore how natural language processing (NLP) can be leveraged to build a system that allows for quick analysis of a high volume of news articles. Along with this, the objective was to create a workflow comprising human-computer symbiosis to derive valuable insights to support health workforce strategic policy dialogue, advocacy, and decision-making.

METHODS

We conducted a review of open-source news coverage from January 2020 to June 2022 on COVID-19 and its impacts on the health workforce from the World Health Organization (WHO) Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) by synergizing NLP models, including classification and extractive summarization, and human-generated analyses. Our DeepCovid system was trained on 2.8 million news articles in English from more than 3000 internet sources across hundreds of jurisdictions.

RESULTS

Rules-based classification with hand-designed rules narrowed the data set to 8508 articles with high relevancy confirmed in the human-led evaluation. DeepCovid’s automated information targeting component reached a very strong binary classification performance of 98.98 for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) and 47.21 for the area under the precision recall curve (PR-AUC). Its information extraction component attained good performance in automatic extractive summarization with a mean Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score of 47.76. DeepCovid’s final summaries were used by human experts to write reports on the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

It is feasible to synergize high-performing NLP models and human-generated analyses to benefit open-source health workforce intelligence. The DeepCovid approach can contribute to an agile and timely global view, providing complementary information to scientific literature.
The Impact of Performance Expectancy, Workload, Risk, and Satisfaction on Trust in ChatGPT: Cross-Sectional Survey Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Choudhury Avishek , Shamszare Hamid
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT (OpenAI) is a powerful tool for a wide range of tasks, from entertainment and creativity to health care queries. There are potential risks and benefits associated with this technology. In the discourse concerning the deployment of ChatGPT and similar large language models, it is sensible to recommend their use primarily for tasks a human user can execute accurately. As we transition into the subsequent phase of ChatGPT deployment, establishing realistic performance expectations and understanding users’ perceptions of risk associated with its use are crucial in determining the successful integration of this artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study is to explore how perceived workload, satisfaction, performance expectancy, and risk-benefit perception influence users’ trust in ChatGPT.

METHODS

A semistructured, web-based survey was conducted with 607 adults in the United States who actively use ChatGPT. The survey questions were adapted from constructs used in various models and theories such as the technology acceptance model, the theory of planned behavior, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, and research on trust and security in digital environments. To test our hypotheses and structural model, we used the partial least squares structural equation modeling method, a widely used approach for multivariate analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 607 people responded to our survey. A significant portion of the participants held at least a high school diploma (n=204, 33.6%), and the majority had a bachelor’s degree (n=262, 43.1%). The primary motivations for participants to use ChatGPT were for acquiring information (n=219, 36.1%), amusement (n=203, 33.4%), and addressing problems (n=135, 22.2%). Some participants used it for health-related inquiries (n=44, 7.2%), while a few others (n=6, 1%) used it for miscellaneous activities such as brainstorming, grammar verification, and blog content creation. Our model explained 64.6% of the variance in trust. Our analysis indicated a significant relationship between (1) workload and satisfaction, (2) trust and satisfaction, (3) performance expectations and trust, and (4) risk-benefit perception and trust.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings underscore the importance of ensuring user-friendly design and functionality in AI-based applications to reduce workload and enhance user satisfaction, thereby increasing user trust. Future research should further explore the relationship between risk-benefit perception and trust in the context of AI chatbots.
Investigation of the Cyclicity and Trend of the Surface Air Temperature According to the Weather Station Mayak of Sukhum
Authors: Afanasyev Igor' , Khintuba L. , Ekba Ya. , Zakinyan R.
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes the surface air temperature data for the city of Sukhum for the period 1961–2022. These values are presented as time series of average annual temperatures. As a result, we get 2 main components: trend, spectrum (including cycles). In general, the average annual temperature has a predominantly positive trend, i. e. over the entire period the temperature has increased by 1.31 degrees, which may occur against the background of global warming. Accordingly, another task of the current work was to identify cyclic components and determine their physical nature. A quasi-two-year, 5–6-year, solar activity cycle and a multi-year cycle (2–3 decades) are observed
E-Waste: a Concise Update on Global Movement, Impacts, Management, and Site Remediation
Authors: Ming Hung Wong
Published: December 2023

The rapid rise of electronic waste (e-waste) worldwide has become a public health concern. Wealthy countries are disposing of their e-waste to other countries taking advantage of their less stringent environmental laws and regulations. China used to receive large amounts of e-waste through Hong Kong (a free port) but banned the entry of e-waste in 2013. Salvaging or recycling different parts of the e-waste using primitive and uncontrolled techniques generated a wide range of toxic chemicals (mainly heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants). Most studies concerning the environmental and health impacts of the emitted toxic chemicals were conducted in China. The principal aim of this short article is to review the various environmental problems and health impacts of e-waste recycling, policies, management, and remediation of contaminated sites. Out of the primitive methods used for recycling, the two most destructive ones causing harm to the environment and human health are (1) Open-burning of e-waste for disposing of the salvaged e-waste and (2) Acid-stripping of electronic boards for collecting precious metals (gold, silver, platinum). There is sufficient evidence showing the associations between the toxic chemicals in different media (i.e., water, soil/sediment, air) and local food items (i.e., fish, meat, vegetables), linking with body burdens (hair, milk, placenta) of workers and residents. The epidemiological data further demonstrated the abrupt rise of several significant diseases (i.e., respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, malignant tumors) in Taizhou (China), one of the two e-waste recycling sites. Effective policies and vigorous enforcement in managing e-waste are essential. International cooperation is necessary to prohibit the transboundary movement of e-waste. Sites contaminated by e-waste recycling contain incredibly high concentrations of toxic pollutants, which should be removed using excavation, degradation (via microbes, nanoparticles, biochar), soil washing, etc. Planting appropriate plants with associated rhizospheric microbes would achieve longer-term stability.
Monitoring the Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils and Natural Herbal Vegetation of Technogeneously Polluted Territory
Authors: Barbashev A. , Sushkova S. , Dudnikova T. , Minkina T. , Popov V.
Published: December 2023

Currently, one of the most important problems is the pollution of natural systems by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a result of human industrial activity. In this connection, it is necessary to carry out monitoring of territories subjected to the anthropogenic impact. As a result of the monitoring study of the impact zone of the fuel and energy complex enterprises, it was found that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of the impact zone accumulate mainly up to 2 km along the line of the prevailing wind rose from the enterprise. The group composition of PAHs is dominated by 4-ring compounds, exceeding the background values by 23 times. At the same time, plants growing on the territory of the impact zone mainly accumulate such compounds as fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and phenanthrene, which is 70–82% of the total content of polyarenes in various parts of plants.
Geological Filtration Model of the Layers of Nizovsky Field of Volga-Ural Oil and Gas Province
Authors: Meretukov M. , Toroyan R. , Bedanokov M. , Kokhuzheva R. , Artamonov A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of modeling a three-dimensional digital geological filtration model. The substantiation of the volumetric grids of the model is given and the analysis of the distribution of filtration-capacitance properties of layers and models of reservoir saturation with fluids is carried out. Based on the constructed three-dimensional model of Nizovsky field, the reliability of revealing hydrocarbon reserves at the field has been confirmed.
Atrial fibrillation in the early postablation period: causes and treatment
Authors: Prorok S.Yu.
Published: December 2023

The widespread introduction of catheter-based treatment for atrial fibrillation has led to a significant increase in the number of patients undergoing this procedure. Understanding the disease characteristics in the early period following catheter-based treatment is an important component of the systemic treatment of such patients, which improves both immediate and long-term outcomes. This time interval is referred to as the blanking period, it lasts for 3 months and may usually be accompanied by recurrent or even more frequent arrhythmia episodes. This publication discusses modern approaches and methods for managing and treating patients with atrial fibrillation specifically during the blanking period.
The Study of Pun Translation in Zhu Shenghao’s Chinese Version of King Lear from the Perspective of Relevance Theory
Authors: Li Bingbing
Published: December 2023

As one of the most commonly used rhetorical devices by Shakespeare, pun plays a significant role in Shakespeare’s works. In the translation of pun, it is quite important to handle it well so that the target text readers can understand Shakespeare’s works better. There are plenty of puns in King Lear, which brings great challenges to translators. By analyzing the pun translation in Zhu Shenghao’s version of King Lear from the perspective of relevance theory, this paper attempts to prove the explanatory power and guiding role of relevance theory in pun translation. By analyzing the translation of puns, it can figure out whether the translators have provided the best contextual effects and realized the optimal relevance in their translations.