bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamic Values As A Factor In The Formation Of Personality
Authors:   Master Student Department Of Pedagogy And Psychology, Gulistan State University, Gulistan, Uzbekistan, Abduqodirov Akmalkhoja , Saidov Shavkat ,   Master Student Department Of Pedagogy And Psychology, Gulistan State University, Gulistan, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes one of the most pressing problems among young people today is religious values. In today's fast-paced world, the number of young people who do not know what is halal and what is haram is growing. This, in turn, leads to an increase in crimes such as bribery, fraud, theft, various misdeeds in society. This article discusses the role of religious values in combating and preventing the above-mentioned vices through religious values.
Construction Of Econometric Models Of Development Of Services For The Population In The Region And Forecasting Them
Authors:   Associate Professor, Karshi Engineering-Economical Institute, Uzbekistan, Rakhimov Anvar Norimovich , Makhmatkulov Golibjon Kholmuminovich ,   Assistant, Karshi Engineering-Economical Institute, Uzbekistan, Rakhimov Abdihakim Muhammadiyevich ,   Assistant, Karshi Engineering-Economical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Analyzing development processes of each sector of the service sector, the sequence of choosing and modeling the main factors which influence their development are represented through simulation schemes in this article. Multifactorial empirical models were built on the example of the service sector which is provided to the population of Kashkadarya region, forecasts were given through them and suggestions and recommendations were given on the basis of obtained results.
APV Receiver In Automated Systems
Authors:   (PhD) Doctor Of Philosophy On Technical Sciences, Department Of “Alternative Energy Sources”, Andijan Machine-Building Institute, Uzbekistan, Alijanov Donyorbek Dilshodovich
Published: March 2021

Optoelectronic sensors based on anomalous photo-voltage (APV) curtains derived from semiconductor compounds are attracting the attention of many experts today. The use of APV receiver as the first converter in automated systems allows to increase the efficiency of a number of parameters of the system, such as energy saving, reliability, speed, accuracy.
Geoinformational Modeling And Estimations Of Formation Groundwater Factors In Changed Ecological And Hydrogeological Conditions (On Example Of The Aydar-Arnasay Lake System, Uzbekistan)
Authors:   Tashkent University Of Information Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Djumanov J.X. , Jumanov J.J. ,   Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Karabaeva Z.T. ,   Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

In the researches has considered the principles of constructing a geo-information system based on modern GIS technologies, justified the boundary and initial conditions, developed a regional mathematical model of the Aydar-Arnasay Lake System (AALS) territory and implemented it on the basis of modern modeling programs Vizual Modflow for analyzing and assessing the dynamics of AALS development and its relationship with the components of the geological environment. The factors of groundwater formation are given and evaluated taking into account changes in water management conditions, their current state is highlighted and recommendations are given on substantiating the tasks of groundwater monitoring in these territories.
Prospects Of Tourism Development In Uzbekistan
Authors:   Teacher, Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Dekhkanbaeva Mavlyuda Nosirjonovna
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of cultural landscapes as a heritage phenomenon. The forms of protection of landscape values established by the legislation are considered, the main attention is paid to the zones of protection of cultural heritage objects.
Relationship Of Aesthetic Culture And Spirituality Of Personality
Authors:   Candidate Of Philosophy, Associate Professor Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Arzimatova Inoyatkhon Madimarovna
Published: March 2021

The article tells about the relationship between aesthetic culture and spirituality, the formation of spiritual and moral qualities of a harmoniously developed personality in a civil society.
Regularity Of Localization Of Fires At Energy Facilities In Uzbekistan
Authors:   Academy Of The Ministry Of Emergency Situations Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Absalamov R.A. , Radjabov Т.J. ,   Academy Of The Ministry Of Emergency Situations Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tolibjanov I.R. ,   Academy Of The Ministry Of Emergency Situations Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Ibragimov B.T. ,   Academy Of The Ministry Of Emergency Situations Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

In the article, the author analyzes emergencies at power plants in Uzbekistan, including research by scientists who conducted their research on extinguishing and localizing fires with the use of appropriate technical means at energy facilities, taking into account the observance of safety measures for energy facilities that have the property of electric shock to firefighters. In addition, the author provides a mathematical analysis of a fire event using the multi-interval method and formulates the appropriate conclusions. At the same time, the author proposes the use of the latest information technologies in extinguishing fires of this kind.
Effects Of Different Food Contaminants On The Activity Of Digestive Enzymes
Authors:   Teacher Of The Department Of Zoology And Physiology, Karshi State University, Karshi City, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Nozigul Kiyomova , Beknazar Muminov ,   Student Of Faculty Of Natural Sciences, Karshi State University, Karshi City, Republic Of Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

This article examines the effects of various contaminants on the activity of digestive enzymes, including disaccharides, as well as helps to understand the etiology and pathology of the disease in various food intoxications, as well as to identify adequate treatment options.
Developmental Bioecology And Control Measures Of Sucking Pests In Wheat Biotope Of Karakalpakstan Agrobiocenosis
Authors:   Assistant Of Nukus Branch Of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan, Bauetdinov Bakhtiyor Otebayevich , Sultanbaevna Fatima Arepbay Kizi ,   Assistant Of Nukus Branch Of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of research on the bioecology of development of sucking pests, damage caused by dominant species, in wheat grown in Karakalpak agrobiocenosis. Spreading and damage of wheat aphid, harmful bug and wheat thrips, which are the main types according to their spreading areas and damage, were determined and controlling actions were recommended.
Sonographic Predictors Of Pelvic Organs In Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical Institute, FPE, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uzbekistan, Rubenovna Agababyan Larisa , ZebinisoAzizovna Nasirova ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute, FPE, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uzbekistan, Olimovna Tangirova Yulduz ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute, FPE, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uzbekistan, Yadullaevna Alieva Malika ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute, FPE, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Premature menopause is a pathological condition characterized by the cessation of the functional activity of the ovaries in women under the age of 40 and manifested by amenorrhea, high levels of gonadotropins in the blood, infertility and symptoms of estrogen deficiency. POF occurs on average in 1% of women. The exact nature of the disease remains unknown. The basis of this pathology, regardless of the etiological factor, is a decrease in the reserve of primordial follicles, which is unusual for this age period, up to its complete depletion and the formation of the afollicular type of POF. This condition is described as a "multifactorial syndrome" due to chromosomal abnormalities, genetic disorders, fermentopathies, infectious and iatrogenic factors.
Study Of The Market Of Drugs Used In Hepatosis
Authors:   Assistant Of The Department Of Pharmaceutical Organization Faculty Of Pharmacy Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Uzbekistan, Qizi Urunova Iroda Isroil
Published: March 2021

This article reveals the need for study of the market of drugs used in hepatosis, it is rather difficult to substantiate and systematize the treatment of fatty hepatosis with such a variety of causes that cause it. therapy should be aimed at eliminating the causes, at stopping the syndromes of impaired digestion and absorption, at restoring the function of the liver and biliary system. this excludes the intake of certain drugs and alcohol abuse.
Careful Attention To The History Of Chronic Urticaria Is One Of The Important Factors Of Productive Therapy
Authors:   Assistants Of The Department Of Skin And Venereal Diseases Of The Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Kurbonalievich Akhmedov Shavkat , Fayozjonovich Ashirov Zohijon ,   Assistants Of The Department Of Skin And Venereal Diseases Of The Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Anvarovich Oripov Rustam ,   Assistants Of The Department Of Skin And Venereal Diseases Of The Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Abdullaevich Siddikov Olim ,   Assistants Of The Department Of Clinical Pharmacology Of The Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Mukhammadievich Haydarov Musomiddin ,   Assistants Of The Department Of Clinical Pharmacology Of The Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Urticaria is an allergic disease characterized by the appearance of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. The disease can be caused by external factors (temperature, mechanical, chemical) or internal (diseases of internal organs, disorders of the nervous system). [1, 2]. Allergies can be caused by toxins, bacteria, and undigested food. In the diagnosis of the disease, anamnestic data, dermography and various skin allergological tests are used. There are acute (up to 6 weeks) and chronic (more than 6 weeks) urticaria. The latter is characterized by daily or frequent symptoms (blistering, itching, angioedema for 6 weeks or more [3, 4]. During life, 0.5-1% of the entire population of people suffers from chronic urticaria. At the same time, if acute urticaria is usually associated with the action of exogenous factors and allergens (food, medicines, insect bites, etc).
Hyperhomocysteinemia And Pathogenetic Mechanisms Of Ischemic Stroke
Authors:   Professor Of Neurology Department Of Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Makhmudovich Asadullayev Maksud , Sattarovna Rakhimbayeva Gulnara ,   Professor Of Neurology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Maksudovna Vakhabova Nargiza ,   Assistant Of The Department Of Neurology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Azamatovich Jangirov Shukhrat ,   Master Of The Department Of Neurology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

The article is intended to give basic information and the role of homocysteine in the human body. The amino acid homocysteine is a product of methionine demethylation. When the level of homocysteine increases, it damages the tissue structures of the arteries, initiating the release of cytokines, cyclins and other inflammatory mediators. Its accumulation leads to loosening of the arterial walls, the formation of local defects in the endothelium, which, in turn, leads to the deposition of cholesterol and calcium on the vascular wall. Hyperhomocysteinemia as a consequence of impaired homocysteine metabolism is considered an independent risk factor for stroke in humans. The role of neuroprotective therapy in interrupting or slowing down the sequence of damaging biochemical and molecular processes that can cause irreversible ischemic brain damage is shown.
Methodology Of Teaching 18-20 Year Old Girls For Healthy Aerobic Exercises
Authors:   P.F.F.D. (PhD), Professor, Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Junaydulloyevich Abdullayev Mehriddin , Maxsudovna Turayeva Zarina ,   (Master), Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

This article is scientifically and pedagogically based on the ways to increase the physical activity of 18-20 year old girls based on the development of a comprehensive program of fitness aerobics.
Features Of Endotracheal Anesthesia
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical Institute Assistant Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan, Tilavkulovich Oblokulov Ahmad , Botirovna Saidmurodova Jamila ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute Assistant Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

This article is devoted to giving a complete overview of the various diseases that the human body in life experiences through the respiratory tract.
Caries: Diagnostics And Treatment
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical Institute Assistant Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan, Shavkatovna Ahrorova Malika
Published: March 2021

Caries is a process of destruction of hard tooth tissues, which occurs with the participation of cariogenic bacteria in the oral cavity (in the composition of dental plaque), as well as food residues processed by them. The organic acids produced by the bacteria gradually destroy first the enamel of the tooth and then the underlying dentin. As a result, a carious cavity is formed in the tooth, the walls of which are filled with soft decay of decaying dental tissues and a large number of cariogenic bacteria. The following article looks into the reasons leading to dental problems, its diagnostics and treatment methods.
Oral Medicine And Its Classification
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical Institute Assistant Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan, Botirovna Saidmurodova Jamila , Tilavkulovich Oblokulov Ahmad ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute Assistant Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Oral medicine is a specialty of dentistry related to the oral health care of patients with chronic, recurrent and drug-related diseases of the oral and maxillofacial area, as well as their diagnosis and non-surgical management. The following article looks into the specific types of oral surgery and the procedures.
Dental Implantation And Its Classification
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical Institute Assistant Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan, Shukhratovich Shukurov Sherzod , Ziyadovich Jumayev Gofur ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute Clinical Resident Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan, Kamalovich Saidmuradov Dilshod ,   Samarkand State Medical Institute Clinical Resident Of The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Dental implantation is a procedure of implanting an implant in the jawbone of the patient with subsequent prosthetics of their crowns, bridge or conditionally removable dentures. The implant is a pre-trained artificial construct that is embedded in the tissue of the jaw for future restorations. Implants are designed to replace the roots of lost teeth, allowing in the future restoring the dentition. The following article explores the process of implantation.
Clinical Course In Upper Gastrointestinal Patients With Connective Tissue Dysplasia Syndrome
Authors:   Assistant Of Department Of Internal Medicine No.3 And Endocrinology Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Karimovich Samatov Dilshod , Zikriyayevna Shodikulova Gulandom ,   Doctor Of Medicine, Associate Professor, Department Of Internal Medicine No.3 And Endocrinology Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Connective tissue dysplasias (CTDs) are genetically determined conditions characterised by defects in fibrous structures and connective tissue basic substance, leading to organ and system malformations, having a progressive course, defining features of associated pathology, as well as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs.
Some Features Of Laboratory Indicators Of Micro And Macro-Elementary Condition Of The Organism Of Female Age Women Innormality And In Iron Deficiency
Authors:   Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Sokhibova Z.R. , Turdiyev М.R. ,   Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Using unified and developed methods, some hematological, biochemical, and micro-and macronutrient status indicators were studied in women of fertile age with a normal health index and iron deficiency. It is shown that there are certain pathological fluctuations in some hematological, biochemical and essential hematopoietic microelements in women of fertile age with the development of iron deficiency. In particular, there is a hypoproteinemia, hypoferremia, hypozincemia, hypocupremia and hypertransaminasemia.
Morphometric Characteristics Of The Spleen Of White Rats In Normal And In Chronic Radiation Disease
Authors:   Bukhara State Medical Institute. Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Turdiyev М.R. , Sokhibova Z.R. ,   Bukhara State Medical Institute. Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

In an experimental study, the morphofunctional features of the spleen of 6-month-old white rats were studied in normal conditions and in chronic radiation sickness. The study found that in response to the action of a chronic radiation factor in the spleen of white rats, there is a decrease in structural parameters. This is reflected in the morphological parameters of the organ. As a result, the functional activity of the spleen’s lymphoid tissue decreases.
Determination Of Risk Parameters In The Detection Of Asymptomatic Bone Metastases Of Kidney And Prostate Cancer
Authors:   Samarkand Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Sh.Sh. Shakhanova , M.D. Djuraev ,   Samarkand Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, N.M. Rakhimov ,   Samarkand Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, M.N. Karimova ,   Samarkand Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, A.F. Asatulayev ,   Samarkand Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

Using multivariate analysis to identify predictive risk parameters in the diagnosis of asymptomatic osteogenic metastasis of renal and prostate cancer. The work was based on the results of observations of 105 patients with a morphologically confirmed diagnosis of malignant neoplasm registered at the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Center of Oncology and Radiology (RSNPMTSO and R) and the Samarkand branch. In 62 patients with kidney cancer (RP) included in the study, the mean age of patients with RP was 58.3 years. 43 patients with prostate cancer (PC) were included in the study, the average age of patients with PC was 68 years. We analyzed such parameters as age, stage of the disease, timing of detection of bone metastasis (BM), prevalence, type and size of BM, as well as additional criteria: in case of prostate cancer - the size of the primary tumor and the degree of malignancy, in case of prostate cancer - the sum of points on the Gleason scale and the prostate -specific antigen (PSA). It was revealed that the highest risk in detecting BM in RP was noted for the stage of the disease, p = 0.006. Also, a high risk was associated with the size and grade of tumor malignancy, with CR at p = 0.006 and p = 0.008, respectively. Among the listed, the highest risk in detecting BM is observed in prostate cancer for the stage of the disease (p = 0.001). In addition, an increased risk was observed for the Gleason score and PSA level (p = 0.013 and p = 0.008, respectively). Thus, during the 2-year follow-up, BM most often develops in patients with kidney cancer at stage Tv-T3a stage and with grade G III and in patients with prostate cancer - in the presence of stage III with a Gleason score of ≥ 7 and a level PSA in the range of 21-50 ng / ml.
Pedagogical Approach To The Preparation The Children Of The Orphanage For Family Life
Authors:   Navoi State Pedagogical Institute, Navoi, Uzbekistan, Narzullaevna Xaydarova Shaxlo
Published: March 2021

The article emphasizes that the social adaptation of orphans and their preparation for family life is one of the most important tasks of the state and society. Today, much attention is paid to the self-realization of the younger generation, its harmonious development in all respects. The fact that a nation perceives itself as a result of such created conditions gives it confidence and gives it a reason to look to a promising future.
The Teacher's Role In Developing A Sense Of Respect For Socio-Legal Norms In Primary School Children
Authors:   Lecturer Of Department “Preschool Education”, Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan, Abdullaeva Maryambibi Djumaniyazovna
Published: March 2021

A person's life takes place directly in society, among those who live in it. The effectiveness of interpersonal relations between members of society directly depends on the content of social relations of the individual. The content of public relations, in turn, is determined by the definition of social and legal norms, the degree of their recognition by society, as well as their compliance in practice. The article analyzes social relations in primary school children.
Amir Temur’s Geopolitical Practice In The Eurasian Region And Its Modern Interpretations
Authors:   Professor, Doctor Of Political Sciences, Uzbekistan, Alimardonov Tulkin
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes Amir Temur’s geopolitical practice in the Eurasian region and its modern interpretations. Many historians today agree that Amir Temur's military wars in the Eurasian region were not accidental and that they were carried out on the basis of certain geopolitical necessities, and that his "aggressive" actions were distorted in violation of historical truth. Of course this is natural. There is a saying that the complex activities of a complex period, complex individuals, still hold many contradictions in its bosom. These contradictions reaffirm that interests are an unchanging reality over the centuries. On this issue, we also dared to submit our observations to the scientific community for discussion.
The Role Of Uzbek National Performance In The Music Art
Authors:   Professor Of Music Education, Bukhara State University, Candidate Of Pedagogical Sciences, Uzbekistan, Dustov Sanoqul
Published: March 2021

In the article the role of our national percussion words formed on the basis of Uzbek musical performance art in IX-XII centuries in the cultural life of people at all stages of development from generation to generation for centuries, their joy, sometimes accompanying us in our sad days, reaching us in a perfected and perfected form, the necessary influence on the spiritual world of people with the sound of percussion instruments, their place in our modern cultural life.
Conodonts and brachiopods from the Volkhov Stage (Lower Ordovician) microbial mud mound at Putilovo Quarry, north-western Russia
Authors: Tolmacheva T. , Egerquist E. , Fedorov P.
Published: March 2021

Microbially mediated clay mud mounds are widely developed in the Lower Ordovician succession east of St. Petersburg (Russia) and are associated with a diverse and abundant fauna of brachiopods, ostracodes, echinoderms, bryozoans and conodonts. The lithology of one such mud mound in Putilovo Quarry has previously been studied, but the faunas associated with the mounds have not been investigated to date. Clay lenses in the Putilovo mud mound yield conodont assemblages belonging to the Baltoniodus triangularis and lowermost part of the Paroistodus originalis zones and these stratigraphical intervals are much thicker in the mud mound than in the coeval Lower Ordovician succession lateral to the mound. The compositions of the conodont and brachiopod assemblages are generally the same in the mud mound as in contemporaneous beds. The occurrence of relatively fewer conodont elements in the mud mound than in the surrounding successions probably indicates the higher rate of accumulation of the mud mound clays. Juvenile brachiopods are more numerous in the clays of the mud mound than outside the build-up, supporting the hypothesis that the mounds included ecologically stressed environments.
New species of Yochelcionella (Mollusca: Helcionelloida) from the Lower Cambrian of North Greenland
Authors: Atkins Christian J.
Published: March 2021

Two new species of the helcionelloid mollusc genus Yochelcionella Runnegar & Pojeta, 1974 are described from Lower Cambrian strata within the Brønlund Fjord Group of central North Greenland. Yochelcionella greenlandica n. sp. is also tentatively identified from continental slope deposits of the Browns Pond Formation of New York and the ‘Anse Maranda Formation’ of Québec. The internal mould of the almost orthoconic Yochelcionella gracilis n.sp. shows a pegma-like fissure between the apex and the snorkel, a feature ortherwise only reported in Y. fissurata Hinz-Schallreuter, 1997 from the Middle Cambrian of Bornholm.
Mollusc fauna of the Early Cambrian Bastion Formation of North-East Greenland
Authors: Skovsted Christian B.
Published: March 2021

A diverse mollusc fauna from the Bastion Formation (Early Cambrian, middle Dyeran Stage) of North-East Greenland includes fifteen species (thirteen helcionelloids and two bivalves), adding considerable detail to the known fossil record of Early Cambrian molluscs from Laurentia. The occurrence of secondarily phosphatized shell surfaces together with phosphatic internal moulds in acid resistant residues allows new morphological details to be observed in several taxa. The fauna shows affinity to contemporaneous faunas from the Taconic allochthon of the eastern United States, but also to mollusc faunas of South Australia, China and Europe. The following new helcionelloid taxa are described: Capitoconus inclinatus n. gen. and n. sp. Capitoconus artus n. sp., Figurina groenlandica n. sp. and Latouchella ostenfeldense n. sp.
The middle Cambrian Ptychagnostus punctuosus and Goniagnostus nathorsti zones in Västergötland, Sweden
Authors: Weidner Thomas R. , Alberg Per , Axheimer Niklas , Clarkson Euan N.K.
Published: March 2021

New trilobite discoveries from eight localities in Västergötland, south-central Sweden, demonstrate that the middle Cambrian Ptychagnostus punctuosus and Goniagnostus nathorsti zones are present in most Lower Palaeozoic outcrop areas of Västergötland, though as a thin and impersistent conglomeratic limestone, up to approximately 15 cm thick. These zones have not previously been recognised in Västergötland, except for a thin bed of limestone on Hunneberg.
Ordovician stratigraphy of the Kovel-1 well (Volkhov–Haljala) in the Volynia region, northwestern Ukraine
Authors: Saadre Tõnis , Einasto Rein , Stouge Svend
Published: March 2021

The Ordovician succession of the Kovel-1 well in the Volynia region, northwestern Ukraine is composed of a basal 0.6 m thick siliciclastic unit succeeded by 24.7 m Lower and lower Middle Ordovician carbonate sediments. The carbonate rocks are divided into 13 informal lithologic units. The carbonate sediments accumulated in marine shallow water open shelf and shoal or turbulent environs. Biostratigraphically, the succession is referred to seven chitinozoan zones and 12 conodont biozones. Integration, chronostratigraphic position and correlation of the proposed biozones with those from Baltoscandia are briefly discussed. Four major unconformities are recognized within the succession: 1) the Pakerort(?)–Volkhov unconformity, 2) the mid Volkhov unconformity, 3) the early Kunda unconformity and 4) the early Mid Ordovician hiatus. The latter straddles the Oeland–Viru regional Series boundary in the well. The early Mid Ordovician unconformity is prominent and the corresponding hiatus spans the Aseri and Lasnamägi regional stages (= upper Darriwilian). A complex of cyclic transgressive–regressive depositional pattern prevailed and the whole succession is referred to three major depositional cycles. The major depositional cycles are related to global eustatic sea-level cycles in general and hypothetic way to tectonic events caused by collisions of Peri-Gondwanan microcontinents with Baltica.
Three new fossil landbirds from the early Paleogene of Denmark
Authors: Dyke Gareth J. , Waterhous David M. , Kristoffersen Anette V.
Published: March 2021

Well-preserved remains of fossil modern birds are rare, especially from the earliest stages of their evolution. In this paper we describe three new fossil specimens that can be referred to two of the major clades of extant ‘landbirds’, namely Apodiformes (‘swifts’) and Coliiformes (‘mousebirds’). Because the fossils presented here are from the earliest tertiary of Denmark, they represent some of the oldest certain records for both these major clades of modern birds (Neornithes). This new material, from the Paleocene – Lower Eocene Fur Formation (Isle-of-Mors, Jutland, Denmark) is referred to the fossil apodiform genus Eocypselus Harrison, 1984 and the coliiform genus Chascacocolius Houde & Olson, 1992. Eocypselus has been referred to within the clade Hemiprocnidae (‘tree and crested swifts’) and Chascacocolius to the Sandcoleidae, a clade of stem representatives of extant Coliiformes. The description of Chascacocolius from the Danish early tertiary increases the known diversity of stem-lineage coliiforms (Sandcoleidae) known from European deposits. New fossil material of Eocypselus shows that this taxon was a perching bird as are extant hemiprocnids – the hindlimb and foot of Eocypselus is elongate and anisodactyl, with digit III the longest of the pedal digits. Swifts and mousebirds are known to have been diverse in the earliest tertiary of Europe and North America; both these neornithine clades have a much lower extant diversity in terms of known species than that evidenced by their global fossil records, a temporal effect perhaps related to global cooling throughout the latest Tertiary.
Masking interferes with haptic texture perception from sequential exploratory movements
Authors: Drewing Knut , Lezkan Alexandra
Published: March 2021

Haptic texture perception is based on sensory information sequentially gathered during several lateral movements (“strokes”). In this process, sensory information of earlier strokes must be preserved in a memory system. We investigated whether this system may be a haptic sensory memory. In the first experiment, participants performed three strokes across each of two textures in a frequency discrimination task. Between the strokes over the first texture, participants explored an intermediate area, which presented either a mask (high-energy tactile pattern) or minimal stimulation (low-energy smooth surface). Perceptual precision was significantly lower with the mask compared with a three-strokes control condition without an intermediate area, approaching performance in a one-stroke-control condition. In contrast, precision in the minimal stimulation condition was significantly better than in the one-stroke control condition and similar to the three-strokes control condition. In a second experiment, we varied the number of strokes across the first stimulus (one, three, five, or seven strokes) and either presented no masking or repeated masking after each stroke. Again, masking between the strokes decreased perceptual precision relative to the control conditions without masking. Precision effects of masking over different numbers of strokes were fit by a proven model on haptic serial integration (Lezkan & Drewing, Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 80(1): 177–192, 2018b) that modeled masking by repeated disturbances in the ongoing integration. Taken together, results suggest that masking impedes the processes of haptic information preservation and integration. We conclude that a haptic sensory memory, which is comparable to iconic memory in vision, is used for integrating sequentially gathered sensory information.
Stereoselective syntheses of 3-aminocyclooctanetriols and halocyclooctanetriols
Authors: Salamci Emine , Zozik Yunus
Published: March 2021

The efficient synthesis of two new stereoisomeric 3-aminocyclooctanetriols and their new halocyclitol derivatives starting from cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene are reported. Reduction of cyclooctene endoperoxide, obtained by photooxygenation of cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene, with zinc yielded a cyclooctene diol followed by acetylation of the hydroxy group, which gave dioldiacetate by OsO4/NMO oxidation. The cyclooctane dioldiacetate prepared was converted to the corresponding cyclic sulfate via the formation of a cyclic sulfite in the presence of catalytic RuO4. The reaction of this cyclic sulfate with a nucleophilic azide followed by the reduction of the azide group provided the target, 3-aminocyclooctanetriol. The second key compound, bromotriol, was prepared by epoxidation of the cyclooctenediol with m-chloroperbenzoic acid followed by hydrolysis with HBr(g) in methanol. Treatment of bromotriol with NaN3 and the reduction of the azide group yielded the other desired 3-aminocyclooctanetriol. Hydrolysis of the epoxides with HCl(g) in methanol gave stereospecifically new chlorocyclooctanetriols.
II República y Guerra Civil en La Roda, Albacete, 1931-1939
Authors: Parreño Tébar Carmen María
Published: March 2021

Muchos son los trabajos e investigaciones que sobre la Guerra Civil se han publicado de la provincia de Albacete. Sin embargo, es en el ámbito local, concretamente en La Roda, uno de los enclaves más importantes de Albacete donde el desconocimiento que se tiene de este traumático periodo es prácticamente nulo. Más allá de la ideología política, de las interpretaciones historiográficas, o del maniqueísmo con que esta parte de nuestra historia se nos ha presentado, ofreceremos una historia justa y equilibrada para todas las partes involucradas en el conflicto. El objetivo no podría ser otro que el de tratar de integrar ambos relatos, el de los vencedores y el de los vencidos, en una historia total, aunque no definitiva. Se ha tratado de ser lo más objetivo e imparcial posible a pesar de las dificultades que esto entraña porque, en primer lugar, se trata de una guerra civil y, en segundo, porque la escritura del pasado siempre está determinada por las circunstancias del presente. Por esta misma razón, no será una historia conclusa y cerrada. Se ha procedido a la reconstrucción de este periodo acudiendo a los vestigios documentales que han quedado: fragmentados, dispersos, escasos, parciales y partidistas en la mayoría de los casos. En definitiva, describiremos lo que sucedió, en base a las fuentes que han sobrevivido, en un espacio y un tiempo determinados: La Roda de 1931 a 1939.
An Innovative Mechanism of Blockchain Technology on Joint Governance Model
Authors: Zhao Huawei , Xu Ruzhi
Published: March 2021

Joint prevention and control is a social organization model dealing with the governance of public health and security incidents. The governance modelsshould have the features of multiple subjects co-governing and distributed cooperating. Their purposes are to solve and improve the governance efficiency of dealing with public health and security incidents at the executive level. However, there are still many deficiencies in the current data governance and collaborative governance of joint prevention and control systems, which are mainly reflected in incomplete data collection, unimpeded data sharing, inflexible collaborative cooperation, and inadequate collaborative supervision. Therefore, a new innovative governance model is urgently needed. Blockchain technology is suitable for implementing multi-party data sharing and cooperation, and at the same time, it supports penetrating supervision and management. This paper studies the blockchain model for joint governance of public health and security incidents. It focuses on the multi-agent collaborative prevention and control governance model, which provides a new opportunity for model innovation in data governance and in cooperative governance.
The Experience of Using the Original Complex of Physiotherapy Exercises and Electrical Stimulation during Rehabilitation of the Patient with Pseudobulbar Paralysis
Authors: Petrov Konstantin B.
Published: March 2021

Pseudobulbar paralysis is neurological pathology caused by the interruption of cortical connections with the motor nuclei of the medulla oblongata of various etiologies.
Aim: to describe the original complex of kinesitherapy for pseudobulbar syndrome, adequate to the competencies of physiotherapy exercises instructors and available for home use by relatives of patients.
Material and methods. The object of observation was a patient with post-traumatic pseudobulbar syndrome, manifested by dysphagia, hypersalivation, anarthria, and bilateral central prosopoplegia. The methods of endo-oral and acupressure massage were used as well as the blockade of trigger points along the interested muscle-tendon meridians. Therapeutic gymnastics techniques were used based on friendly reaction, initiating the activity of the paretic lingual and laryngeal-pharyngeal muscles with the help of their unaffected agonists which were supplemented by electrical stimulation with impulse currents.
Results. The observed two-year catamnesis indicates the presence of a positive effect when using this approach.
Conclusion. The described methods of pseudobulbar paralysis kinesitherapy are simple and intuitive, they are suitable for development by nurses, social workers and relatives of patients, which allows them to be used at the third stage of rehabilitation.
Functional results after operative treatment of talus fractures
Authors: Gavrilovski Andreja , Gavrilovska-Dimovska Aleksandra , Aleksovski Goran
Published: March 2021

Fractures of the talus do not occur frequently, accounting for about 0.1% of all fractures. Failure to achieve anatomic reduction, exponentially increases the risk of postoperative aseptic osteonecrosis and posttraumatic osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the short-term and medium-term functional outcomes in patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of talus fractures. Materials and methods: At the University Clinic for Traumatology in the period between 2017 to 2020, 14 patients with talus fractures were surgically treated. The inclusion and exclusion factors were determined, all patients signed the consent and the study passed the ethics committee. Results: All patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation with screws or reconstructive plate. Follow-up was done on the 14th postoperative day, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month. At the 6th month follow-up, the functional outcome was tested using the Kitaoka score unified by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society. This injury is too rare for conclusions to be brought out of and to be compared to larger studies. However, all major studies from reference trauma centers lead to the same conclusions, that the treatment of these fractures is complex Anatomical reduction is mandatory for a better outcome. Conclusion: A protocol for the treatment of posttraumatic osteoarthritis should be introduced, given the high rate of its occurrence despite the satisfactory surgical technique.
The Effect of Applied Behavior Analysis on the Gross Motor Development of Autistic Children
Authors: Badi’ah Atik , Mendri Ni Ketut , Palestin Bondan , Nugroho Heru Santoso Wahito
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Autistic children have abilities and characteristics that are different from each other, so different ways of interacting the environment autistic children individuals. The development of autistic children both physically, emotionally, intellectually, and psychosocially has a problem that results in the inhibition of children reaching a level of gross motor development that is appropriate to their age. Stimulation applied behavior analysis (ABA) in children with autism includes gross motor, fine motor, emotional, social, language, informational, and practical supports. An autistic child will feel that he is loved and wanted if more and more people in the family environment love and care for him. Based on this preliminary study, interviewing eight autistic schools in the provinces of DIY and Ponorogo, East Java, to 16 parents who have autistic children, the majority of parents (93%) think that by entering autistic children into a special school (SLB) in accordance with its limitations mean that their efforts can be said to be enough. Not all parents realize that stimulating and accompanying children with special needs can maximize gross motor development.
AIM: This study aims to assess the effect of stimulation ABA on the gross motor development of children with autism.
METHODS: Quasi-experiment “Pre-Post Control Group Design” was used in this study. The first observation is to determine the gross motor development of an autistic child before being given stimulation ABA and the second observation after being given the ABA stimulation. Samples were recruited using a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of parents and autistic children aged 6–12 years in the autistic schools of the provinces of Yogyakarta and Ponorogo, East Java. T-test and Wilcoxon applied in this study with significance level was <0.05. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: Result of data analysis showed in the experiment group before intervention, the category of the gross motor is enough category and after intervention, the category was high. Meanwhile, in the control group, there is no differences category between pre test and post test. there is a difference of the gross motor development of autistic children in intervention group and control group with p value 0.001 and 0.004 respectively.
CONCLUSION: There is an effect of stimulation ABA on the gross motor development of autistic children in autistic schools with p (sig.) <0.05 means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected.
An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo
Authors: Quah Evan S. H. , Grismer L. Lee , Wood Jr. Perry L. , Lim Kelvin K. P. , Imbun Paul Y. , Anuar M. S. Shahrul
Published: March 2021

The taxonomic status of the ranid frog Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) was investigated using a combination of molecular and morphological data. The analyses revealed that A. luctuosasensu lato is composed of two species in Borneo. One of these species agrees with the description of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 which is resurrected in the combination Abavorana decoratacomb. nov. (Mocquard, 1890). Abavorana decorata is recovered as the sister lineage to the remainder of Abavorana and differs by a 16.0–17.0 % uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence from its congeners A. nazgul and A. luctuosa, respectively. It is distinguishable morphologically from A. luctuosa and A. nazgul by its ventral pattern (bold, black and white reticulations on its venter along with bold banding on the underside of hind limbs vs. generally immaculate and spotted in the latter two species), and a prominent white streak beneath the eye and/or tympanum extending to the corner of the jaw. Abavorana decorata further differs from A. luctuosa by having a significantly wider head and snout, larger interorbital and tympanum diameters, longer femur in both sexes, and various combinations of other mensural characters. Both species are sympatric in Borneo and this discovery adds to a growing number of widespread Sundaic species shown to be species complexes with distinct forms in Borneo.
Le regard d’un leader mondial du marché des drones civils
Authors: Seydoux Henri
Published: March 2021

Les technologies nécessaires à l’autonomie pour des systèmes robotiques sont maintenant disponibles et accessibles aisément. La dissémination de ces techniques pose de façon cruciale la question du maintien de l’homme dans la boucle pour tout usage létal.
The effect of Rhodococcus rhodochrous supplementation on black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) development, nutrition, and waste conversion
Authors: Franks K. , Kooienga E. , Sanders M. , Pendarvis K. , Yang F. , Tomberlin J.K. , Jordan H.R.
Published: March 2021

Black soldier fly larvae are mass produced globally for use as livestock, poultry, and aquaculture feed. Efforts are continuously seeking processes optimising larval rate of growth, size, and waste conversion as a means to lower cost and increase output. Manipulating microbes in the larval substrate (i.e. fermentation or supplementation) has been demonstrated as a potential solution. However, identifying appropriate microbes for use in this process has been limited. The objective of this study was to determine whether supplementing black soldier fly larvae with the oleaginous microbe Rhodococcus rhodochrous would result in accelerated larval development, increased final larval body size, and increased conversion efficiency. Larvae fed a sterile, or non-sterile, diet treated with R. rhodochrous grew 3× faster than the control by the third day and were approximately 2× larger than the control by the conclusion of the experiment. Conversion rate was 2× greater for the treatments indicating less feed would be needed to achieve maximum weight gain. Protein composition of resulting larvae fed diet supplemented with R. rhodochrous, was significantly different than the control not receiving the microbial infusion. Larvae provided the microbe had 4.20 and 2.79% greater fatty acid composition and short-chained fatty acids, respectively, but lower monounsaturated fatty acids (1.60%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (2.4%). Furthermore, larvae provided R. rhodochrous produced significantly more proteins related to energy production and storage, as well as muscle development and contraction, while those sans microbe, produced proteins related to stress responses (e.g. heat shock proteins). While, this study yielded positive results for the inclusion of R. rhodochrous as part of the black soldier fly larval diet, additional research is needed to optimise the dose at an industrial scale.
Environmental aspects of insect mass production
Authors: Smetana S. , Spykman R. , Heinz V.
Published: March 2021

Mass production of insects is calling for environmentally optimised and economically efficient insect value chains. It is a complex task considering a great variety in insect species, production scales, feed formulations, etc. Taking a challenge of environmental impact clarification, a few studies highlight on life cycle assessment (LCA) of insect production. The current study is aimed to systemise 24 selected previous studies to establish a modular framework for the determination of contribution of sustainability assessment factors of insect production chains. Reviewing published studies according to the elements of LCA, the study identified a feasible approach for the modelling of insect production chains, which can be used for the facilitation of comparability of further LCA studies. The approach is based on a modular analysis of insect production through a graphical mapping of value chains (allowed identification of precise system boundaries) supplemented with table analysis considering scale of production, reference (functional) unit, impact assessment methodology and type of LCA. Such an approach allows for consistency in LCA setting and further comparability of results.
Positive solutions of singular multiparameter p-Laplacian elliptic systems
Authors: Feng Meiqiang , Zhang Yichen
Published: March 2021

In this paper, by using the eigenvalue theory, the sub-supersolution method and the fixed point theory, we prove the existence, multiplicity, uniqueness, asymptotic behavior and approximation of positive solutions for singular multiparameter p-Laplacian elliptic systems on nonlinearities with separate variables or without separate variables. Various nonexistence results of positive solutions are also studied.