bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women vendors and their struggle to sustain livelihood in rural Nagaland: A study on Chakhesang women vendors of Nagaland.
Authors: Medoze Rokoneisano , Dutta Papiya
Published: March 2024

In rural Nagaland, India, where formal employment opportunities are
scarce, Chakhesang women vendors find a crucial lifeline in street
vending. This paper explores their socio-economic profile and livelihood
activities in Phek district, focusing on their contribution to income
generation, poverty alleviation, and household well-being. Selling a
unique blend of fresh agricultural produce and indigenous organic forest
products on highways and street pavements of nearby towns and markets,
these women demonstrate immense resilience in navigating informal
economies. Despite challenges like lack of access to credit, market
infrastructure, and basic amenities, they persevere, securing their
families’ livelihoods and showcasing the potential of street vending as
a sustainable livelihood option for rural women in Nagaland. A
mixed-method approach was adopted to explore the socio-economic status
and challenges of women vendors using a semi-structured interview and
observation method. The findings reveal the crucial role of street
vending in Chakhesang communities, highlighting its potential for
sustainable livelihood, economic empowerment, and poverty reduction.
A new Senecio (Asteraceae) from the Anjaneri Hills of Nashik, India
Authors: Jeswani Akanksha , Yadav Shrirang Ramchandra , Lekhak Manoj
Published: March 2024

A new species of Senecio L. (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), Senecio
anjanericus is described and illustrated from the Anjaneri Hills of
Nashik district, Maharashtra, India based on morphological and
cytogenetical studies. The species resembles Senecio bombayensis but
differs from it in small size of the ligules, presence of conspicuous
foliose supplementary bracts and dense indumentum on stem. The somatic
chromosome count was observed to be 2n=2x=20, with all the chromosomes
exhibiting median region centromeres. Detailed morphology, illustration
and karyotypic features of the new species are provided.
Simulation of Spring Discharge Using Deep Learning, Considering the Spatiotemporal Variability of Precipitation
Authors: Ma Chunmei , Jiao Haoyu , Yeh Tian-Chyi Jim , Zhu Junfeng , Hao Huiqing , Lu Jiahui , Dong Jiankang , Hao Yonghong
Published: March 2024

Precipitation data collected from sparse monitoring stations in numerous
karst basins pose a challenge for hydrologic models to accurately
capture spatial and temporal correlation between precipitation and karst
spring discharge, hindering the development of robust simulation models.
To address this data scarcity issue, this study employes a coupled deep
learning model that integrates a variation autoencoder (VAE) for
augmenting precipitation data and a long short-term memory (LSTM)
network for karst spring discharge prediction. The VAE contributes by
generating synthetic precipitation data through an encoding-decoding
process. This process generalizes the observed precipitation data by
deriving joint latent distributions with improved preservation of
temporal and spatial correlations in the data. The combined
VAE-generated precipitation and observation data are used to train and
test the LSTM for predicting the spring discharge. Applied to
Niangziguan spring catchment in northern China, our coupled VAE/LSTM
model demonstrated significantly higher predictive accuracy compared to
a LSTM model using only field observations. We also explored temporal
and spatial correlations in the observed data and the impact of
different ratios of VAE-generated precipitation data to actual data on
model performances. Additionally, our study evaluated the effectiveness
of VAE-augmented data on various deep learning models and compared VAE
with other data augmentation techniques. Our study demonstrates that the
VAE offers a novel approach to address data scarcity and uncertainty,
improving learning generalization and predictive capability of various
hydrological models.
Heat and drought events alter biogenic capacity to balance CO2 budget in south-western Europe
Authors: Segura Ricard , Lauvaux Thomas , Lian Jinghui , Ciais Philippe , Badia Alba , Ventura Sergi , Bazzi Hassan , Fu Zheng , Abbessi Ezzeddine , Villalba Gara
Published: March 2024

Heat and drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity,
posing significant risks to natural and agricultural areas with
uncertain effects on the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE). We modified
the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model to include soil
moisture impacts on the gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) and respiration
(RECO) fluxes and determine the temporal variability of NEE over
south-western Europe for 2001-2022. Warming temperatures lengthen
growing seasons causing an increase in GEE which is mostly compensated
by a similar increment in RECO, resulting in a modest annual increase of
net carbon sink of 0.80 gC/m2year but with high spatial and annual
variability. The heatwave of 2022 reduced NEE by 78.5 TgC, a 27%
decrease from the mean. The interannual variability is more influenced
by drought in temperate humid regions than in Mediterranean semi-arid
regions. These results emphasize the vulnerability of the net carbon
sink as drying trends could revert the NEE trends, as it is happening
for croplands in the French Central Massif.
Estimating the Electric Fields Driving Lightning Dart Leader Development with BIMAP-3D Observations
Authors: Jensen Daniel Peter , Shao Xuan-Min , Sonnenfeld Richard G. , Silva Caitano L. da
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a numerical dart leader model has been implemented to
understand the leader’s development and the corresponding electric field
changes observed by the 3D Broadband Mapping And Polarization (BIMAP-3D)
system. The model assumes the extending leader channel is equipotential
and has a linear charge distribution induced by an ambient electric
field. The charge distribution induced by the ambient field can be used
to model the electric field change at the ground. We then find the
ambient electric field which best fits the field change measurements at
the two BIMAP stations. The estimated ambient electric field decreases
in the direction of dart leader propagation. Our observations and
modeling results are consistent with our earlier hypothesis that dart
leader speed is proportional to the electric field at the leader tip.
The model also supports our earlier analysis that leader speed
variations near branch junctions were due to previous charge deposits
near the junctions. The modeled tip electric field is generally lower
than the breakdown field unless the pre-dart-leader channel has a
significant temperature of ~3000 K. This is consistent
with the fact that dart leaders typically do not form new branches into
the virgin air. Furthermore, the tip field is generally close to the
negative streamer stability field at ambient temperatures, explaining
the nature of the narrow and well-defined channel structure. In addition
to the charge distribution and the ambient and tip electric field, the
development of the channel potential and current distribution are also
presented.
Flat 410 and 660 Dicontinuities beneath Northeastern Japan: Implication for a Sub-Slab Wet Plume Hypothesis
Authors: Miyazaki Kazuki , Nakajima Junichi
Published: March 2024

Recent seismic tomography studies have shown that distinct low-velocity
anomalies exist below subducting slabs in many subduction zones and
these anomalies are interpreted as a hot plume from the lower mantle.
However, how high the temperatures in the sub-slab low-velocity
anomalies are still unclear. Here, we conduct receiver function analysis
and estimate the horizontal temperature variation in the mantle
transition zone by determining the depth variation of 410 and 660
discontinuities beneath northeastern Japan. The obtained results show
that the depth of the two discontinuities changes little, which suggests
no distinct thermal heterogenies over the study area. Therefore, we
infer that the major cause of the sub-slab low-velocity anomaly is
attributable not to high-temperature anomaly but to the presence of
small amount (~0.2 wt%) of hydrous minerals, which can
explain the sub-slab low-velocity anomalies and the flat 410 and 660
discontinuities.
Elevated Tropospheric Iodine over the Central Continental United States: Is Iodine a Major Oxidant of Atmospheric Mercury?
Authors: Lee Christopher Francis , Eligar Tyler , David Liji M , Wilmot Taylor Yukai , Reza Mago , Hirshorn Noah , McCubbin Ian B. , Shah Viral , Lin John C. , Lyman Seth , Hallar A. Gannet , Gratz Lynne E. , Volkamer Rainer
Published: March 2024

Previous efforts to measure atmospheric iodine have focused on marine
and coastal regions. We report the first ground-based tropospheric
iodine monoxide (IO) radical observations over the central continental
United States. Throughout April 2022, IO columns above Storm Peak
Laboratory, Colorado (3220 m.a.s.l.) ranged from 0.7±0.5 to 3.6±0.5×1012
(average: 1.9×1012 molec cm-2). IO was consistently elevated in air
masses transported from over the Pacific Ocean. The observed IO columns
were up to three times higher and the range was larger than predicted by
a global model, which warrants further investigation into iodine
sources, sinks, ozone loss, and particle formation. IO mixing ratios
increased with altitude. At the observed levels, iodine may be
competitive with bromine as an oxidant of elemental mercury at cold
temperatures typical of the free troposphere (4–12km; <260K).
Iodine-induced mercury oxidation is missing in atmospheric models,
understudied, and helps explain model underestimation of oxidized
mercury measurements.
First Results from a Hybrid Network of Reference and Low-Cost PM2.5 Monitors in Mombasa, Kenya
Authors: Njeru Moses , Mwangi Elijah , Gatari Michael J , Kaniu Ian M , Kanyeria Josephine N , Raheja Garima , Westervelt Daniel M
Published: March 2024

The paucity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) measurements limits
estimates of air pollution mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. If well
calibrated, low-cost sensors can provide reliable data especially where
reference monitors are unavailable. We evaluate the performance of
Clarity Node-S PM monitors against a Tapered element oscillating
microbalance (TEOM) 1400a and develop a calibration model in Mombasa,
Kenya’s second largest city. As-reported Clarity Node-S data from
January 2023 through April 2023 was moderately correlated with the
TEOM-1400a measurements (R2 = 0.61) and exhibited a mean absolute error
(MAE) of approximately 7.03 µg m–3. Employing three calibration models,
namely, multiple linear regression (MLR), gaussian mixture regression
(GMR) and random forest (RF) decreased the MAE to 4.28, 3.93, and 4.40
µg m–3 respectively. The R2 value improved to 0.63 for the MLR model
but all other models registered a decrease (R2 = 0.44 and 0.60
respectively). Applying the correction factor to a 5-sensor network in
Mombasa that was operated between July 2021 and July 2022 gave insights
to the air quality in the city. The average daily concentrations of
PM2.5 within the city ranged from 12 to 18 µg m–3. The concentrations
exceeded the WHO daily PM2.5 limits more than 50% of the time, in
particular at the sites nearby frequent industrial activity. Higher
averages were observed during the dry and cold seasons and during early
morning and evening periods of high activity. These results represent
some of the first air quality monitoring measurements in Mombasa and
highlight the need for more study.
Topography dominates the hemispheric asymmetry of Stratospheric Sudden Warmings
Authors: Liu Siming , Shaw Tiffany A , Garfinkel Chaim I
Published: March 2024

Stratospheric Sudden Warmings (SSWs) predominantly occur in the Northern
Hemisphere with only 1 major event recorded in the Southern Hemisphere
in the satellite era. Investigating factors that contribute to this
asymmetry can help to reveal the cause of SSWs and lead to improved
forecasts. Here we use climate model simulations to investigate the
impact of boundary conditions (topography and ocean circulation) on the
asymmetry. Flattening topography eliminates Northern Hemisphere SSWs,
while removing the ocean meridional overturning circulation reduces
their frequency by half. The SSW response to boundary conditions is
controlled by decrease in hemispheric asymmetry of eddy heat flux. The
reduction is driven by a decrease in amplitude of both eddy meridional
wind and eddy temperature, as well as an increase in the difference
between their phases. The results suggest boundary conditions play an
important role in shaping SSWs, especially topographic forcing, but that
the boundary condition interactions are nonlinear.
Picky Eaters: Carbon isotopic evidence for the uniform bioavailability of riverine dissolved organic matter to a model marine microorganism
Authors: Baumser Lea , Potts Lindsey , Walker Brett D , Mahmoudi Nagissa
Published: March 2024

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key component of the global carbon
cycle, with rivers delivering significant amounts of DOM to oceans.
Urbanization and agricultural land-use alter the age and chemical
composition of riverine DOM, which likely impact the downstream
bioavailability of riverine DOM. Here, we use bioreactor incubations of
a marine bacterium (Pseudoalteromonas sp. 3D05) to investigate DOM
bioavailability from two distinct rivers: the Suwannee River (natural,
non-urbanized), and the Upper Mississippi River Basin (anthropogenically
influenced). We measured rates of microbial CO2 production and
radiocarbon ages (as Δ14C) to assess bioavailable DOM remineralization.
We observed nearly identical cell densities and degradation patterns for
both riverine DOM incubations. Respired DOM Δ14C values were also
similar and decreased over time indicative of preferential utilization
of recently synthesized “modern” substrates. These findings reveal
unexpected similarities in riverine DOM bioavailability, indicating
similar short term biological reactivity despite large DOM compositional
differences.
An investigation on causes of the detected surface solar radiation brightening in Europe using satellite data
Authors: Schilliger Linda , Tetzlaff Anke , Bourgeois Quentin , Correa Lucas Ferreira , Wild Martin
Published: March 2024

Surface solar radiation is fundamental for terrestrial life. It provides
warmth to make our planet habitable, drives atmospheric circulation, the
hydrological cycle and photosynthesis. Europe has experienced an
increase in surface solar radiation, termed “brightening”, since the
1980s. This study investigates the causative factors behind this
brightening. A novel algorithm from the EUMETSAT satellite application
facility on climate monitoring (CM SAF) provides the unique opportunity
to simulate surface solar radiation under various atmospheric conditions
for clouds (clear-sky or all-sky), aerosol optical depth (time-varying
or climatological averages) and water vapor content (with or without its
direct influence on surface solar radiation). Through a multiple linear
regression approach, the study attributes brightening trends to changes
in these atmospheric parameters. Analyzing 61 locations distributed
across Europe from 1983 to 2020, aerosols emerge as key driver during
1983-2002, with Southern Europe and high elevations showing subdued
effects (0-1%/decade) versus more pronounced impacts in Northern and
Eastern Europe (2-6%/decade). Cloud effects exhibit spatial
variability, inducing a negative effect on surface solar radiation (-3
to -2%/decade) at most investigated locations in the same period. In
the subsequent period 2001-2020, aerosol effects are negligible, while
cloud effects dominate the observed brightening (2-5%/decade). This
study therefore finds a substantial decrease in the cloud radiative
forcing over Europe in the first two decades of the 21st century. Water
vapor exerts negligible influence in both sub-periods.
3D simulation of an extreme SAID flow channel
Authors: Pena Joaquin Diaz , Zettergren Matthew David , Semeter Joshua L. , Nishimura Yukitoshi (Toshi) , Hirsch Michael , Walsh Brian
Published: March 2024

Space-based observations of the signatures associated with STEVE show
how this phenomenon might be closely related to an extreme version of a
SAID channel. Measurements show high velocities
($>$4km/s), high temperatures ($>$4,000
K), and very large current density drivers (up to
1$\mu$A/m$^2$). This phenomena happens in a small
range of latitudes, less than a degree, but with a large longitudinal
span. In this study, we utilize the GEMINI model to simulate an extreme
SAID/STEVE. We assume a FAC density coming from the magnetosphere as the
main driver, allowing all other parameters to adjust accordingly. We
have two main objectives with this work: show how an extreme SAID can
have velocity values comparable or larger than the ones measured under
STEVE, and to display the limitations and missing physics that arise due
to the extreme values of temperature and velocity. Changes had to be
made to GEMINI due to the extreme conditions, particularly some
neutral-collision frequencies. The importance of the temperature
threshold at which some collision frequencies go outside their
respective bounds, as well as significance of the energies that would
cause inelastic collisions and impact ionization are displayed and
discussed. We illustrate complex structures and behaviors, emphasizing
the importance of 3D simulations in capturing these phenomena.
Longitudinal structure is emphasized, as the channel develops
differently depending on MLT. However, these simulations should be
viewed as approximations due to the limited observations available to
constrain the model inputs and the assumptions made to achieve sensible
results.
Obtaining the Equation of State for Multiphase Iron under Earth's Core Conditions using Bayesian Statistics
Authors: Wu Run , Xiang Shikai , Sun Yi , Xian Yunting , Luo Yin , Dai Feifan
Published: March 2024

Iron, a principal element of Earth’s core, is vital for understanding
the thermodynamic properties of this region. The accuracy of iron’s
equation of state (EOS) is crucial, yet experimental uncertainties
significantly impact the EOS parameters. By employing Bayesian
statistics and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations, we have
quantified these uncertainties. Our approach introduced a
straightforward yet effective method to calculate the probability of
phase boundary data. The resulting EOS reliably reproduces a variety of
experimental datasets, including phase boundary experiments, static
pressure measurements under various conditions, shock wave data, and
sound velocity under different states. Using 100 sets of posterior
parameter samples, our predictions indicate that the density deficit in
Earth’s outer core ranges approximately from 8.7% to 9.7%.
Additionally, the inferred geodynamo power output from latent heat
release during the cooling and solidification process of Earth’s inner
core is estimated to be between 0.458 and 6.002 terawatts.
The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of dysfunction of the biliary system in children
Authors: Kovaleva O. V. , Lityaeva L. A. , Zhilenkova O. G.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to study the state of the intestinal and biliary microbiota in children with intestinal and gallbladder dysfunction and to determine the features of the component composition of the biliary microbiota. Methods: We examined 20 children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) syndrome was determined (using a hydrogen breath test with lactulose), microbial markers of the intestinal and biliary microbiota (using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). We also performed microscopy of bile (phase-contrast light microscopy) obtained through duodenal intubation. Results: In all children with IBS, SIBO was verified in the small intestine, with insufficiency of the ileocecal valve in half of them, associated with hypomotor dyskinesia of the gallbladder. Microscopy of the bile revealed a large number of crystals and leukocytes. A study of microbial markers of intestinal and biliary microbiota in all children with IBS and SIBO revealed excessive bacterial associative growth of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria in combination with viruses of the Herpes family. An increase in the level of lipopolysaccharides (2 times higher than normal) and a deficiency of microbial markers of the main groups of microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria) responsible for metabolization processes in the enterohepatic circulation (plasmalogen less than 50 μg/ml) were recorded. Excessive growth of 28 species of opportunistic bacteria was detected in bile in diagnostically significant concentrations associated with hypomotor dysfunction of the gallbladder and lithogenicity of bile. Conclusion: A violation of the biliary microbiota was established with an increase in the proportion of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria, the spectrum of which was close to that of the intestine and their association with intestinal and biliary dyskinesia
Efficacy of Metabolic Therapy in the Complex Treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Newborns
Authors: Bochkova L. G. , Eiberman A. S. , Chernenkov Y. V.
Published: March 2024

Treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns remains an urgent problem due to the risk of severe complications and high mortality in these patients. The search for new therapeutic technologies to reduce the number of adverse outcomes and improve the quality of life of children is one of the modern tasks of neonatology. The aim of the study was to study the clinical results of the use of Cytoflavin® (succinic acid, inosine, nicotinamide, riboflavin) as part of complex therapy in the conservative treatment of NEC in newborns. Materials. A total of 151 premature newborns with stage I—II NEC were monitored. The study group consisted of 78 infants with NEC whose treatment included cytoflavin. The comparison group consisted of 73 infants with NEC who were treated according to the traditional regimen. Results. When analyzing the course of the early neonatal period, it was revealed that the duration of mechanical ventilation in the children of the main group was significantly shorter (36.3 ± 4.9 days) compared to the second group (58.7 ± 4.8 days). Restoration of intestinal passage in children treated with cytoflavin occurred in 62.4 ± 11.0 hours, which is significantly faster than in the comparison group (98.2 ± 10.4 hours). The number of children in the study group transferred to the surgical department (6.41%) was significantly lower compared to the number of severe complications in the second group (15.06%). Conclusion. A positive result of the effect of metabolic therapy with the use of cytoflavin on the course of NEC in newborns is a significant shortening of the duration of their treatment with subsequent transfer to a physiological method of nutrition and a decrease in the incidence of severe surgical complications.
Sparganosis
Authors: Chuelov S. B. , Rossina A. L.
Published: March 2024

The urgency of the problem of sparganosis is due to the widespread prevalence of this disease in the wild, polymorphism of clinical manifestations and the possibility of severe damage to the orbits, central nervous system and internal organs. The purpose and result of the work is to summarize the data available in the literature on the etiology, epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sparganosis. Conclusion. The causative agents of sparganosis are Spirometra decipiens, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei, Spirometra folium, Spirometra mansoni, and Sparganum proliferum. Allocate non-proliferative (peripheral, cerebral, spinal, ocular, visceral) and proliferative sparganosis. Diagnostics is carried out on the basis of a complex of clinical, instrumental, serological, molecular genetic studies. Surgical treatment is recommended: complete removal of the spargans
Fixed point results via hesitant fuzzy mapping on extended b-metric spaces
Authors: Bamel Ankit , Sihag Vizender , Singh Bijender
Published: March 2024

In the present research article, the notion of hesitant fuzzy mapping,
contraction hesitant fuzzy mapping, generalized contraction of hesitant
fuzzy mapping are introduced in setting of extended b-metric structure,
which in particular case reduced to b-metric space. The newly introduced
concepts are used to prove hesitant fuzzy fixed point theorems. The main
results have extended and unified recent results in literature. The results
are validated with the help of examples. Finally, as an application, the
results are applied to solve integral equation of fredholm type.
Addressing impulsive fractional integro-differential equations with Caputo-Fabrizio via monotone iterative technique in Banach spaces
Authors: Benyoub Mohammed , Abbas Mohamed
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we investigate the existence of solutions for initial value
problem of the impulsive integro-differential for fractional differential
equations involving a Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative of order r ? (0,
1) in Banach spaces. Under some monotonicity conditions and the
noncompactness measure condition of nonlinearity functions. We obtain the
existence of extremal solutions between lower and upper solutions.
Clinical Implications of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Obeagu* Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: March 2024

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive events. In recent years, the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) has emerged as a potential biomarker with prognostic and diagnostic significance in various medical conditions. This review explores the clinical implications of NLR in the context of SCD, shedding light on its role as a valuable indicator of inflammation, disease severity, and treatment response. The inflammatory state is a key contributor to the pathophysiology of SCD, influencing disease progression and complications. NLR, calculated from routine complete blood counts, reflects the balance between the immune response’s cellular components and has been implicated in assessing the inflammatory status in various diseases. In the context of SCD, elevated NLR has been associated with increased vaso-occlusive events, suggesting its potential utility as a predictive marker for disease complications. In conclusion, this perspective review consolidates current knowledge on the clinical implications of NLR in Sickle Cell Disease. It highlights the potential of NLR as a readily available and cost-effective biomarker for assessing inflammation, predicting disease severity, and monitoring treatment response in individuals with SCD. As the understanding of the immunological aspects of SCD continues to evolve, NLR stands out as a promising parameter that may contribute to a more comprehensive approach to managing this complex hematologic disorder.
Measurement of Inhibition Zones, Solvent/Growth Dynamics of Adenanpthera pavonina. Linn. Against Selected Enteric Microorganisms
Authors: A Adeyinka
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibition zones, solvent, and growth dynamics of Seed extract of Adenanpthera Pavonina. Linn. Against selected Enteric Microorganisms. Adenanpthera Pavonina.Linn is a Red Sandalwood, (Fabaceae), an unarmed deciduous tree and its seed is traditionally used for treatment of various disease conditions. Five different solvents were used in this study: Ethyl acetate, water, absolute ethanol, fermented palm wine and distilled ethanol from palm wine). In this study, ethanol was distilled from palm wine using fractional distillation method. Palm wine solvent was fermented using barkers’ yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Isolates used in this study were obtained from Adekunle Ajasin University AkungbaAkoko Health Center (AAUHC) and were re-identified through series of biochemical test and gram staining characteristics. Isolates were identified as Enterobacter aerogenes, Burkhoderia cepacia, Acinetobacter baumanni, Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Moraxella sp., Burkhoderia pseudomallei, Enterobacter agglomerama. Extensive and series of biochemical tests were carried out to further confirm all the test bacterial strains. Biochemical tests done includes Indole test, Catalase, Citrate, Methyl Red-Voges Proskaeur (MR-VP), Triple Sugar Iron (TSI), Urease, Motility Test, Oxidase Test, to identify and characterized the test isolates, antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts of Adenanthera pavonina Linn. Seed was tested against enteric bacterial strains by observing the zone of inhibition using agar well diffusion method. The growth dynamic of the test isolate against plant seed extract of Adenanthera pavonina Linn., was done using Ultraviolentvisible spectrophotometer. Ethanolic phytochemical analysis was done qualitatively and quantitatively. In this study, Ethyl acetate and Distilled ethanol from palm wine seed extracts of Adenanthera pavonina Linn., showed the highest antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria isolates. Result obtained indicates that the ethanolic, ethyl acetate and distilled ethanol seed extract of Adenanthera pavonina Linn. has antibacterial activities and can be used as antibacterial agent. It was observed that at less than an hour, Pasteurella multocida has the highest growth rate of 0.150λ and Aeromonas hydrophila have the lowest growth rate of 0.102λ. At 24 hours, Pasteurella multocida has the lowest death rate of 0.100λ and Burkhoderia pseudomallei have the highest death rate of 0.068λ Adenanthera pavonina Linn., showed the presence of secondary metabolite and its killing/growth kinetics was very outstanding which was demonstrated during this research work, the plant has a limitless antimicrobial potential, and it can be used for the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
Pemberdayaan Potensi Ekonomi dan Kesehatan Masyarakat melalui Community Based Learning bagi Masyarakat Usia Produktif
Authors: Fuadi Djalal , Anif Sofyan , Muliasari Kharina Cahya , Rahmawati Tuti , Lestari Dian , Hastuti Weni
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan masyarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan potensi ekonomi masyarakat melalui produk kreatif, peningkatan pemahaman agama melalui peningakatan kemampuan membaca Al Quran, dan peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat melalui senam sehat. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Dukuh Jetak RT 13/ RW 03, Banyudono, Boyolali dengan mitra terdiri dari masyarakat usia produktif dan anak-anak. Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan pendekatan community based learning (CBL) untuk memberdayakan masyarakat di ketiga aspek tersebut. Hasil pengabdian ini terdiri dari tiga bagian. Pertama, pembedayaan ekonomi, hasil pengabdian menunjukkan masyarakat di dukuh tersebut mampu menghasilkan keripik usus yang dapat digunakan potensi desa untuk mengembangkan perekeonomian masyarkat. Masyarakat mampu me-ngembangkan produk usus menjadi lebih kreatif. Kedua, peningkatan kemampuan anak-anak dalam membaca Alquran naik. Dengan pendekatan CBL, anak-anak terlihat lebih menikmati kegiatan mengaji. Selanjutnya, melalui kegiatan senam sehat, masyarakat memiliki kebugaran yang lebih baik. Seluruh kegiatan tersebut membantu masyarakat untuk mampu bertahan di tengah pandemi covid-19 di segala aspek.
Pelatihan Seni sebagai Upaya Optimalisasi Potensi Hemisfer Kanan pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Purwanti Shandy Novilya , Nurcahyo Aditya , Ratih Koesoemo , Supriyadi Hendra
Published: March 2024

Era globalisasi semakin merambah ke berbagai penjuru dunia, terlebih lagi dalam dunia pendidikan. Paradigma yang muncul memiliki arah yang lebih condong terhadap otonomi pendidikan. Pendidikan yang didapatkan melalui pendidikan formal dan nonformal. Adanya pandemi covid-19 yang menyerang hampir di berbagai penjuru dunia, membuat peserta didik harus melaksanakan pendidikan formal di rumah masing-masing. Pandemi covid-19 ini memiliki dampak yang cukup banyak, salah satunya yaitu dampak akan perkembangan hemisfer kanan (otak kanan) peserta didik. Peserta didik yang sering dituntut untuk mengejar akademisnya, membuat tenaga pendidik, pemerintah, maupun orang tua peserta didik lupa akan perkembangan hemisfer kanan peserta didik. Sebagai usaha dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka pelaksanaan kegiatan KKN-Dik yang bertempat di wilayah RT 03 RW 04 Kelurahan Kraton, Kecamatan Tegal Barat, Kota Tegal membuat program kerja pelatihan seni guna mengoptimalkan potensi hemisfer kanan pada peserta didik. Kegiatan dengan menggunakan metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat dan menggunakan teknik wawancara serta observasi ini memiliki hasil bahwa pelatihan seni yang ditujukan kepada peserta didik mampu mengoptimalkan potensi hemisfer kanan peserta didik. Dikatakan berhasil karena peserta didik dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik, mampu bersosialisasi, memiliki kreativitas dan imajinasi yang luas, serta mampu mengingat dan berekspresi dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pelatihan seni dalam KKN-Dik ini sangat penting dilakukan dan dapat diteruskan oleh warga maupun orang tua peserta didik supaya hemisfer kanan peserta didik tetap optimal.
Penguatan Sektor Ekonomi dan Pendidikan Karakter Siswa pada Era Pandemi
Authors: Sutopo Anam , Ariyatmi Siti Zuhriyah , Tumiyem Tumiyem , Sofiana Isnaeni , Prayitno Harun Joko , Wijayanto Kusuma , Nisa Choirun
Published: March 2024

Hadirnya musibah wabah Covid-19 memaksa semua orang untuk mengu-bah mindset dalam menyikapi kehidupan ini. Adanya larangan berkum-pul orang banyak, bertemu dan bertatap muka secara langsung, menjaga jarak, selalu memakai masker dan mencuci tangan menjadi pertimbangan yang serius bagi setiap orang untuk mengubah cara pandang dan melakukan kegiatan setiap harinya. Hal ini hampir terjadi di semua sektor kehidupan, baik sektor kesehatan, sektor bisnis dan perdagangan, sektor sosial, sektor politik, sektor budaya, sektor perkantoran termasuk pada sektor Pendidikan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasi-kan strategi penguatan karakter siswa yang dilakukan oleh sekolah sekolah Muhammadiyah pada Era Pandemi. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode siaran radio. Radio yang dipilih adalah Radio Mentari PDM Su-rakarta. Pemilihan Radio Mentari FM Surakarta karena pengabdian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Sekolah Muhammadiyah, utamanya Sekolah Dasar. Di Samping itu, jangkauan Radio Mentari luas dan melalui media Audio yang jernih dan interaktif. Terdapat enam strategi yang digunakan oleh Sekolah Muhammadiyah dalam meningkatkan penguatan karakter siswa pada masa pandemik, yaitu strategi komunikasi komunikatif (communi-cative communication strategy), strategi pertemuan berkala (periodic meeting strategy), strategi pengiriman pesan khusus (sending special message strategy), strategi masuk bergilir (take turn strategy), strategi kunjungan rumah (home visit strategy) dan strategi pemantauan intensif (intensive monitoring strategy).
Eco-Friendly Bamboo-Based Composites
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili’ Tbilisi State University, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 1, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia, Tatrishvili Tamara ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 13, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Mukbaniani Omar , Kvnikadze Nikoloz ,   Ivane Javakhishvili’ Tbilisi State University, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 1, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 13, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia, Chikhladze Shota ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Polymeric Materials, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, I. Chavchavadze Ave., 13, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia
Published: March 2024

The study focuses on obtaining bamboo-based composite materials and new environmentally friendly binders with different degrees of silylation (15-35%) at different pressures and temperatures. The synthesis was carried out using silylated polystyrene (poly[trimethoxy(4-vinylphenethyl)] silane) and styrene as a binder and reinforcing agent in the presence of organic/inorganic additives, antioxidants and antipirene. Poly[trimethoxy(4-vinylphenethyl)] silane, a solid brown substance, was synthesized via an alkylation reaction of vinyltrimethoxysilane and polystyrene, in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3. This paper presents the development of composites for ecological purposes (eco-composites) using bamboo fibers and their basic mechanical properties. The surface structures of the new composites were studied by several techniques including electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, bending test, Charpy impact test, thermogravimetry study, and water absorption determination. The new composites are characterized by good mechanical properties, thermal resistance, ecological purity, and water absorption capacity much smaller than the water absorption of existing particle boards.
Parameters of Aerobic Biocomposting of Various Age Wastewater Sludge with the Addition of Plant Raw Materials
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Malovanyy Myroslav , Tymchuk Ivan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Sliusar Vira ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Zhuk Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Storoshchuk Ulіana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Masykevich Andriy ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, 2 Teatralna Sq., Chernivtsi, 58000, Ukraine, Krusir Galina ,   Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences und Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
Published: March 2024

Decades of accumulated wastewater sludge (WWS) at Ukrainian sewage treatment plants (STP) represent a significant environmental hazard. In European countries, the predominant methods for managing sludge at STPs are thermal drying and sludge incineration, both of which come with substantial initial and ongoing expenses. In Ukraine, a more cost-effective and energy-efficient solution is aerobic biocomposting of WWS, resulting in the production of an organo-mineral mixture. Depending on the input sludge, this mixture can be utilized for land restoration and landfill rehabilitation. The capital costs associated with the implementation of biocomposting are 3-5 times lower than for drying and 8-10 times lower than for incineration. The resulting compost contains a sufficient amount of nutrients necessary for plant growth and development. Extensive research has shown that the use of organo-mineral fertilizers derived from WWS increases the humus content and boosts crop yields. Nevertheless, the optimal methods for implementing biocomposting to produce versatile substrates for various biological reclamation projects remain very relevant.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di SDIT Al Ghazali Palangka Raya
Authors: Suherni Suherni , Muslimah Muslimah , Sapuadi Sapuadi
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertolak dari adanya pembelajaran pada masa pandemi covid-19 dilaksanakan jarak jauh dan SDIT Al Ghazali kota Palangka Raya merupakan salah satu sekolah yang juga melaksanakan pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan jarak jauh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Implementasi pembelajaran PAI jarak jauh di SDIT Al Ghazali Palangka Raya dan untuk mendeskripsikan faktor pendukung dan penghambat pembelajaran PAI jarak jauh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mana 1 orang guru Pendidikan Agama Islam sebagai subjek penelitian. Kepala sekolah, 4 orang siswa kelas V, dan 3 orang tua siswa sebagai informan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan jarak jauh dapat dikatakan efektif karena dapat mencapai indikator keefektifan yakni tujuan intruksional yang dapat tercapai, pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan secara aktif, dan seluruh siswa memiliki sarana prasarana yang dapat menunjang proses pembelajaran. Faktor pendukung pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam yang dilaksanakan jarak jauh adalah jaringan yang stabil dan ketersediaan kuota, faktor penghambat pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan jarak jauh adalah jaringan yang kurang stabil yang bisa membuat suara dapat terputus-putus.ibiting factors for learning carried out from home are an unstable network that can cause intermittent voices.
Pengaruh pembelajaran daring terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar PAI
Authors: Pratiwi Dewi , Wahdah Nurul , Anshari Muhammad Redha
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pengaruh pembelajaran daring terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar PAI siswa. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2021. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode expost facto. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan teknik proportonate strafied random sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner tertutup dengan bentuk skala likert dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini korelasi product moment, korelasi rank spearman, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil perhitungan ini adalah dengan program SPSS 25 Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari data perhitungan, disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Pembelajaran daring siswa dengan nilai rata-rata dengan nilai 3,358 termasuk kategori tinggi. (2) Motivasi siswa dengan nilai rata-rata dengan nilai 3,790 termasuk kategori tinggi. (3) Hasil belajar PAI siswa dengan nilai rata-rata dengan nilai 84,9 termasuk kategori tinggi. (4) Ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran daring terhadap motivasi siswa dengan nilai uji koefisen determinasi yaitu 11,8%. Jadi, Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima (5) Tidak ada pengaruh antara pembelajaran daring terhadap hasil belajar PAI siswa. Hal ini terbukti dari koefisen determinasi  yaitu 0,044%. Jadi, Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak. Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Pembelajaran Daring, Motivasi, Hasil Belajar
Pola Pembinaan Muallaf Dayak di Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Sadiani Sadiani , Supriadi Akhmad , Fikrianor Ahmad
Published: March 2024

This article aims to analyze the model of religious guidance for Muallaf and the various problems faced in the guidance process after religious conversion to Islam, especially among the Dayak tribal community of Central Kalimantan. This article is a descriptive qualitative study of the nature of a field study. The data was collected through purposive sampling, with interview and documentation techniques. The subjects of this research were employees at the Ministry of Religion, religious guides, and mentors of Muallaf. The research locations were conducted in three Central Kalimantan districts: Gunung Mas, Barito Utara and Murung Raya. This study found that the pattern or model of guidance for conversions to Islam in the three districts has yet to be carried out in an integrated and sustainable manner. These findings are based on the reality that there is a lack of funds, there is no concrete and valid data regarding the number of conversions to Islam, and there is no particular study or institution that provides structured, systematic and integrated guidance between religious ministries, counselors and existing religious institutions so that guidance is not carried out continuously, incidentally and ineffectively.Keywords:Muallaf;Religious conversion; Muslim Dayak; Religious Guidance
The Meaning of The Miare Tradition: From Condolences to The Symbolisation of The Corps in The Grave
Authors: Mualimin Mualimin , Rofi'i Rofi'i
Published: March 2024

This article aims to analyse the meaning of Miare tradition for the community in Makrampai village, Sambas Regency. This study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data were obtained by conducting in-depth interviews and participant observation. Data collection was conducted in Makrampai Village from April to September 2021. The data were then analysed using an interactive qualitative analysis model: data reduction, data display, and conclusion. This study found two essential meanings of the miare tradition for the Makrampai village community. First, the miare tradition manifests condolences and social solidarity towards members of the society who have suffered calamities, especially death. Second, the Miare tradition is a reminder and advice that every human being will definitely face death in the cycle of life. Keywords: Miare Tradition; Makrampai Village; Condolences; Death
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yöre Mutfağını Tanıma Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Kastamonu Çorbaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Sevim Burhan , Çalışkan Serkan , Eren Aslı
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma Kastamonu yöresel çorbalarını konu edinmektedir. Bu bağlamda Kastamonu Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim görmek amacıyla il dışından gelen üniversite öğrencilerinin Kastamonu’ya ait yöresel çorbaları tanıma durumlarının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda oluşturulan anket formu aracılığıyla 378 katılımcıdan veriler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 programı aracılığıyla analiz edilerek yöresel çorbaların katılımcıların demografik özelliklerine göre bilinirlik düzeyleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak iki tanesi coğrafi işaretli toplam yedi çorbanın ele alındığı bu çalışmada coğrafi işaretli çorbaların diğer çorbalara göre bilinirlik düzeylerinin düşük olduğu, öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri fakültenin çorbanın bilinirliklerinde anlamlı bir fark oluşturduğu ve yaş tarhana çorbasının Kastamonu yöresel çorbaları arasında en bilinir çorba olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre yöresel özellikleri belirgin ve özellikle coğrafi işaret alarak yöre ile özdeşleşmiş olan çorbaların bilinirlik düzeyinin artması için yemek menülerine dâhil edilmesine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Paguyuban Batik Tulis Giriloyo Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Goma Nurhalisa Sy , Salim Mufid , Marta Rustono Farady
Published: March 2024

PPaguyuban Batik Tulis Giriloyo adalah salah satu UMKM yang bergerak pada bidang pelestarian kebudayaan batik tulis khas Yogyakarta serta menaungi seluruh pengrajin batik yang ada di kawasan kelurahan Wukirsari. Pandemi COVID-19 membawa dampak yang sangat besar bagi Paguyuban Batik Giriloyo. Para pengrajin Paguyuban Batik Tulis Giriloyo mengandalkan penjualan batik dari kunjungan wisatawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi pemasaran Paguyuban Batik Tulis Giriloyo di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui obeservasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang digunakan oleh Paguyuban Batik Tulis Giriloyo adalah segmentasi, targeting, positioning, dan bauran pemasaran. Dalam langkah awal Paguyuban Batik Tulis Giriloyo memetakkan terlebih dahulu dari strategi komunikasi dengan menjadikan wisatawan lokal dan pelajar sebagai pasar sasaran dalam menghadapi COVID-19. Paguyuban Batik Giriloyo juga menerapkan bauran pemasaran yang memiliki tujuh elemen, yaitu produk, harga, tempat, sarana fisik, orang, proses dan promosi.