bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of manual vacuum aspiration with medical method of abortion in termination of pregnancy up to 9 weeks of gestational age
Authors: Garhwal Pramod , Rajoria Lata , Sharma Manju
Published: August 2017

Background: Objective of present study was to compare efficacy and complications of medical method versus manual vacuum aspiration in early pregnancy termination and to determine whether medical method of termination of pregnancy represent a reasonable alternative to surgical method (MVA) in terms of complete evacuation of products of conception and their side effects.Methods: A comparative study was carried out on 184 pregnancies in women who were willing for termination of pregnancy up to 9 weeks (63 days) of gestational age, in Group A: women who opted for medical method for termination, Group B: women who opted for manual vacuum aspiration for termination.Results: Mean age of Group A was 27.63±3.60 years and Group B was 26.87±3.83 years. Majority 169 (92%) of women were Hindu. 165 (90%) of the patients lived in urban area and 176 (96%) were married women. Majority 130 (71%) of them were para 2 and more. Average age of gestation at which termination was performed was 46.79±6.29 days in Group A and 49.13±6.67 days in Group B. Average duration of vaginal bleeding among Group A was found to be 8.9±3.5 days (p value<0.05) and in Group B was 6.837+2.928 days which was significantly longer in Group A. 72 (78.3%) patients considered vaginal bleeding to be heavier than their normal period in Group A where as in Group B 8 (8.7%)perceived it to be heavier (p value <0.001). Incidence of pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and incomplete abortion (78.26%, 32.60%, 16.3%, 19.56% and 4.43%) in group A and (52%, 7.6% ,4.3%, nil and 2.17%) in group B which were found to be higher in Group A as compare to Group B. Patient satisfaction was 95.65% in medical method and 84.78% in MVA group. Success rate was 95.65% for medical and 97.82% for MVA group.Conclusions: Duration and amount of bleeding per vaginum is more in medical method as compare to surgical method. Side effects like pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea were more in medical group, but majority of these symptoms were self-limiting. There was high satisfaction rate (95.65%) among medical abortion group because less surgical and anaesthetic complication, offer them more privacy and treatment is taken at home. The effectiveness of medical method of abortion in present study was 95.65% and success rate in MVA was 97.82%. Medical method of abortion for first trimester termination of pregnancy upto 9 weeks of gestation can be better alternative method to surgical evacuation. Medical method of abortion proves to be more effective, safe and economical method that avoid complication associated with surgical evacuation like uterine perforation, cervical laceration and anaesthtic complication. The only disadvantage with medical method of abortion is lack of predictability and variable success rate.
Diagnostic tests of placenta accreta index score (PAIS) as supporting prenatal diagnosis and outcomes of maternal neonatal in abnormally invasive placenta management at general hospital of Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors: Samosir Sefty Mariany , Irianti Setyorini , Tjahyadi Dian
Published: August 2017

Background: The incidence of abnormally invasive placenta increases tenfold as the number of caesarian section increases in the past 50 years. Placenta previa accreta is strongly associated with massive bleeding and leads to maternal death. Prenatal diagnosis helps in planning the delivery to reduce the risk of bleeding and possible complications. This study aims to find out diagnostic value of Placenta Accreta Index Score (PAIS) as supporting tool in prenatal diagnostic of abnormally invasive placenta.Methods: The diagnostic test was undertaken in May 2017 at General Hospital of Hasan Sadikin, identifying patients with placenta previa with history of caesarian section between May 2016-May 2017. PAIS were obtained and compared with histopathological findings.Results: Among 21 placenta previa patients with post caesarian section, 10 (47.6%) of them histopathologically proven as abnormally invasive placenta. With statistical analysis accuracy values obtained PAIS and histopathological findings in patient with placenta previa is 0.762 (good). Diagnostic value of PAIS with histopathological findings in placenta previa patient had a sensitivity 70%, a specificity 81,8%, positive predictive value (PPV) 77.8%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 75% by PAIS cut off point is 3.125. No maternal death. Mean duration of postoperative care was 5 days. Average total bleeding during surgery is 2622 ml with lowest postoperative hemoglobin 8.36g/dl. All babies born with appropriate to gestational birth weight with average first minute APGAR was 7 and without fetal anemia.Conclusions: PAIS can be used to help to predict the risk of abnormally.
Incidence of early pregnancy complications, management protocols and its outcome in patients at Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India
Authors: . Akansha , Bhadarka Nagajan
Published: August 2017

Background: Early Pregnancy Complications can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Pregnant women an present with h/o amenorrhea, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding or incidental scan finding of missed abortion, ectopic pregnancy and vesicular mole, features of hypermesis gravidorum like fatigue, nausea, vomiting, dryness and diminished urine output. The objective of present study was to analyze the incidence of various early pregnancy complications, assess the protocols for diagnosing these complications and their management.Methods: Present study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat. All the women with first trimester pregnancy with different complications were included in this study while those women with uneventful first trimester were excluded. The inducted women were registered on pre-designed proforma. Studied variables including demographic details, gestational period, type of complications, risk factors, treatment and outcome.Results: Out of 740 total admissions 439 abortions of which incomplete abortion was 262, missed abortions were 132, threatened abortion 42 and 3 cases of septic abortion, ectopic pregnancy 154, molar pregnancy33, hyperemesis 31. There were about 63 cases of non-pregnancy related complication reported during early pregnancy like 31 with UTI, 9 with renal colic, 2 cases of appendicitis, four cases of asymptomatic cholelithiasis, 2 cases of hepatitis, 5 cases of ovarian cyst complicating pregnancy, 2 cases of ovarian torsion. Their mean age was 30.8+6.8 years.Conclusions: Study was successful in creating a confidence among trainees when following the recommended protocols as well as delivering clinical benefits to the hospital, patients and staff. Early gynecological consultation and bedside ultrasound scanning within the emergency department were key requirements for any emergency concerns.
Granulomatous dermatosis: histopathological study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Srinivas Teerthanath , S. Hariprasad
Published: August 2017

Background: Granulomatous dermatosis shares the histological finding of granuloma formation; it is usually formed because of the persistence of a non-degradable product of active hypersensitivity. The identical histological picture may be produced by several causes, which pose a diagnostic challenge to dermatopathologist, Present study aims at classifying cutaneous granulomatous dermatosis based on the morphology and aetiology of granulomas, and to highlight its significance for specific clinical diagnosis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of skin biopsy was done and cases of cutaneous granulomatous lesions diagnosed on histopathological examination were retrieved for a period of 8 years. Clinical data and diagnosis were retrieved from hospital records. Hematoxylin and eosin stained paraffin sections were reviewed. The morphological pattern of granuloma was classified into sarcoidal, necrotizing, necrobiotic and suppurative granulomas and further aetiological evaluation for the granulomatous dermatosis were done using various special stains like Periodic Acid Schiff stain, Fite-Farraco stain, Gomori methenamine silver stain and acid-fast bacilli stain.Results: A total of 228 cases of cutaneous granulomatous lesion were retrieved; out of these 93cases (40.79%) were sarcoidal granuloma type, 83cases (36.40%) were of suppurative granulomas, 29 cases (12.72%) were of necrobiotic granulomas, 20 cases (8.77%) were necrotizing granuloma and 3 cases (1.32%) had granulomatous dermatitis with vasculitis. Infective aetiology was the commonest cause for granulomatous dermatosis (57.89%), mainly by leprosy, tuberculosis and various fungal infection.Conclusions: Granulomatous dermatosis has significant overlap in histopathological picture of various granulomatous reactions. Morphology alone is seldom specific and cannot be used as diagnostic tool. It is better understood based adequate clinical data, morphology of granuloma, special stains and laboratory workup in arriving at a etiology specific diagnosis for definitive clinical management.
Morphometric study of depth of acetabulum
Authors: Khobragade Leena , Vatsalaswamy P.
Published: August 2017

Background: Anatomy of the hip must be taken into account to study the anatomy of various surgical approaches. Reconstruction of the acetabulum in patients with significant acetabular bone deficiency remains a major challenge in revision total hip arthroplasty. Appropriate anatomic concepts for surgery to treat femoroacetabular impingement require a precise appreciation of the native acetabular anatomy. Since the acetabulum is not always of same shape, width or depth, joint congruences are frequent with minor anatomical variations in the shape of the acetabulum. Hence the present study was undertaken as controversies still exist on the importance of these variations and to prevent problems following surgical procedures such as acetabular reconstruction and femoroacetabular impingement.Methods: Material of the study consisted of 110 human hip bones (60 males and 50 females). Depth of Acetabulum (DA) was measured on these hip bones on both the sides. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 11 and Microsoft Excel 2007.Results: The mean depth of acetabulum in male was 26.89 mm and female was 25.31 mm. The mean depth of acetabulum on right side was 26.24 mm and left side was 26.11 mm. Depth of the acetabulum was greater in males as compared to females and the differences were statistically significant. Depth was greater on the right side as compared to the left side but the difference was statistically non-significant.Conclusions: Depth of the acetabulum was greater in males as compared to females.
A clinical study of cerebral venous thrombosis
Authors: Bose Priyadarsini , Joshua Jacinth Preethi , Thandavarayan Murali
Published: August 2017

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon form of stroke, usually affecting young population. Clinical features of CVT are diverse, and for this reason, high degree of clinical suspect is mandatory to diagnose the conditions. The objectives of the study were to analyse the commonest clinical modes of presentation, possible etiologies, and to evaluate clinical outcome.Methods: This study was prospective, clinical study was conducted on 40 patients during the period of September 2010 to September 2011 in the Department of Emergency, Institute of Internal medicine at Government General Hospital (GGH), Chennai. All the patients included in the study were subjected to neuroimaging techniques like Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with magnetic resonance venography (MRV) according to guidelines and standard protocol.Results: Majority of the patients involved in the study were in the age group of 15-35 years contributing to 75%. Male: female ratio was 1.5: 1. Headache was the most common presenting symptom seen in 36 (87.5%) cases followed by convulsions in 32 (80%) patients. Altered sensorium was observed in 26 (65%), focal deficits in 22 (55%), and 18 (45%) had fever. Two of them had ear discharge and another with diarrhea. Cranial nerve involvement in 35% and pappiledema was noted in 20% of patients. Out of 40, 17 (42.5%) patients were anemic. Eighteen (18) patients who were suspected of meningitis underwent CSF analysis. Abnormality was seen in 10 patients with pleocytosis being the maximum. On CT scan, haemorrhagic infarct was seen in 22 (55%) cases followed by edema in 8 (20%) and 10% showed normal CT picture. On MRI scan, superior sagittal sinus thrombosis was observed in 24 (60%) patients followed by transverse sinus in 20 (50%) patients. Etiology factor were identified in 25 (62.5%) of patients and in 15 (37.5%) cases risk factors could not be identified. The mortality rate in the study was 20%.Conclusions: The clinical symptoms of CVT are not specific, as a result of chances of misdiagnosis tends to be more. CT scan and MRI along with MRV can improve the precision of CVT diagnosis.
The Adoption of Outcome Measurement in Human Service Nonprofits
Authors: Lee Chongmyoung , Clerkin Richard M.
Published: August 2017

Performance measurement has received increasing attention in the nonprofit sector. While the current scholarship has emphasized the balanced use of performance measures, only a limited number of nonprofits have adopted outcome measurement. In this study, we investigate what factors explain a variation in the adoption of outcome measurement based on survey data from 263 human service nonprofits. The results of logistic regression find that human service nonprofits are more likely to adopt outcome measures when they are more risk-taking, influenced by institutional pressures, and have higher human resource and political capacities.
Street Level Divergence in the Functioning of Social Welfare Networks
Authors: Bland J. Travis
Published: August 2017

Much effort has been devoted to the evaluation of network effectiveness. Recent scholarship has made an important distinction between network outcomes or productivity and the underlying dynamics or processes that ultimately shape the nature of such joint actions. This article is interested in the process side of this effectiveness equation and, more specifically, in the possibility of process-related divergence at the street level. What if, due to such divergence, networks are not functioning as expected by participants at the managerial level of networks? What are the potential implications of such a mismatch? And, how might this complicate efforts to assess the process and productivity sides of the network effectiveness equation?
Surveying the Effects of Limitations on Taxes and Expenditures: What Do/Don’t We Know
Authors: Stallmann Judith I. , Maher Craig S. , Deller Steven C. , Park Sungho
Published: August 2017

The literature on tax and expenditure limitations (TELs) is extensive and continues to grow as the impact of these institutional constraints on fiscal and economic outcomes continues to develop. In this survey, we review the literature of both state- and local-level TELs in an attempt to provide an overview of their theoretical, operational, and empirical contexts. The study concludes with a discussion of future TEL research needs.
Financial Literacy of Financed Rural Development Projects and their Contribution to the Gross Domestic Product
Authors: Mapepeta Benias , Mandizvidza Rejoice
Published: August 2017

For rural development projects, prosperity hides in financial literacy. However, measurement of financial literacy hampers profitability evidenced through proper record keeping and accountability which has been a thorn in the flesh of the responsible ministries.   This research seeks to investigate financial literacy and proper record keeping in rural development projects and how it could be used to measure contributions to the Gross Domestic Product.  Thus, the major objective of this paper is to analyse financial record keeping and measurement of profitability in rural development projects in Zimbabwe.  The literature review was centred on the empiric researches and publications from other scholarly researchers.  The data that was collected was presented using frequency tables and graphs done using Microsoft Excel and Statistical Packages of Social Sciences (SPSS).  The researchers found out that even though the rural development projects are viable entities, there are not records to measure their profitability.  It was also found out that the there are other players taking advantage of non-record keeping capitalising on the profits of the rural development projects which makes them dwarf enterprises. The researchers concluded that if proper record keeping and financial literacy is to be implemented, measurement of profitability will be beneficial to both responsible authorities and policy makers. The researchers recommended that the stakeholders should work towards systemising record keeping and accounting systems that enables measurement of profitability amongst rural development projects.
The Role of Packing on Buying Behaviour of Rural Consumers with Special Reference to FMCG
Authors: S Sathyanarayana , Suresh B. H.
Published: August 2017

Indian rural market with its enormous size and demand base offers great opportunities to marketers. However, there are many serious challenges that FMCG manufactures face in tackling rural markets, viz., the scattered nature of rural markets, their small size, remoteness, poor connectivity and tremendous heterogeneity, low level of literacy, too many languages and dialects, cultural diversities, inadequate banking facilities, acute dependence on the monsoon; seasonal demand, and media darkness are some serious limitations.  However, the issue of packing is very crucial when it comes to marketing of brands in rural areas as the brand recognition in rural areas generally through its colours, logos, shape and size.  Therefore, the current study has been undertaken with an intention to understand the role of packing in rural markets. In order to realize the stated objectives the researcher constructed a structured questionnaire has been constructed and pre tested and administered on 1,600 rural respondents spread across 200 villages in the state of Karnataka.   The study revealed that packing make a significant role while buying FMCG. There is a significant difference in the opinion of rural consumer respondents on importance attributed to packing while purchasing FMCG as perceived by rural consumer respondents. There is a significant influence of annual house hold income of the rural consumer respondents on the level of importance attributed to packing while buying FMCG. Majority of the rural consumer respondents preferred sachets while buying FMCG. There is a significant difference in the packing size preference of the rural consumer respondents while purchasing products. There is a significant influence of the annual house hold income of the rural consumers on kind of packing preference. Majority of the rural respondents recognize brands through reading, colours, scanning of logos/pictures/trademarks and through packing style of the products. Based on the analysis of the study a brief summary of findings have been made and a meaningful conclusion has been drawn. Finally the results have been compared with the possible evidence.
The Relevance of Marketing Mix and Service Quality on Students' Decision-Making Factors Regarding Higher Education and Satisfaction
Authors: Tijjang Bakhtiar , Kamase Jeni , Labbase Ilham , Plyriadi Annas
Published: August 2017

This study conducted aims to examine and analyze the relevance of marketing mix and service quality on the students decision-making, the relevance  of marketing mix,  service quality on student satisfaction and the effect over decisions related on student satisfaction and the relevance of marketing mix and service quality on student satisfaction as a mediating role of students decision-making. Population in this study were all a new students in the study program management, education level of Bachelor degree of the academic year 2015/2016 in Makassar. There are 381 students were used as samples. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with support Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). This study provides findings that the marketing mix and service quality has a significant effect on students decision-making, marketing mix does not directly effect in student satisfaction, services quality and student’s decision-making has a significant on student satisfaction. Marketing mix and service quality has a significant effect on student satisfaction as a mediating role of student’s decision-making. These findings explain that the marketing mix directly affects decision-making, but has no direct effect on satisfaction; marketing mix can affect satisfaction if supported by the student’s decision-making. Service quality affects directly and indirectly on satisfaction as a mediating role of decision-making.
Impact of natural climate variability on runoff based on Monte Carlo method
Authors: Yang Jie , Chang Jianxia , Yao Jun , Wang Yimin , Huang Qiang , Xu Guoxin
Published: August 2017

Studying the impact of climate variability is important for the rational utilization of water resources, especially in the case of intensified global climate variability. Climate variability can be caused by natural climate variability or human-caused climate variability. The analysis of Jinghe River Basin (JRB) may not be comprehensive because few studies have concentrated on natural climate variability. Therefore, the primary goal is to explore the impact of natural climate variability on runoff. A modified Mann–Kendall test method was adopted to analyze the aberrance point to determine the natural condition period during which runoff was only influenced by natural climate variability. Then, the Monte Carlo method was employed to extract segments of monthly runoff in the natural condition period and combine them to construct a long series to reduce the instability. Results indicate that the percentage of runoff variability affected by natural climate variability is 30.52% at a confidence level of 95%. Next, a topography-based hydrological model and climate elasticity method were used to simulate runoff after the aberrance point without considering the impact caused by local interference. Through a comparison of the measured and simulated runoff, we discovered that local interference has the greatest impact on runoff in the JRB.
Influence of ultrasound on the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of acetic acid
Authors: Cihanoğlu Aydın , Gündüz Gönül , Dükkancı Meral
Published: August 2017

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of acetic acid, which is one of the most resistant carboxylic acids to oxidation. For this purpose, firstly, the degradation of acetic acid was examined by using ultrasound alone and the effects of different parameters such as: type of sonication system, ultrasonic power, and addition of H2O2 were investigated on the degradation of acetic acid. There was no chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction in the presence of sonication alone. In the presence of the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation process alone, at 303 K, COD reduction reached only 7.1% after 2 h of reaction. However, the combination of the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation process with ultrasound increased the COD reduction from 7.1% to 25.5% after 2 h of reaction in an ultrasonic bath operated at 40 kHz, while the COD reduction only increased from 7.1% to 8.9% in the ultrasonic reactor operated at 850 kHz. This result indicates that the hybrid process of ultrasound and heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation is a promising process to degrade acetic acid.
Reduction dye in paint and construction chemicals wastewater by improved coagulation–flocculation process
Authors: Ennil Bektaş T.
Published: August 2017

A coagulation–flocculation process was applied to wastewater of paint and construction chemicals producing factory in Turkey. Ferric chloride was used as coagulant and several natural based materials, namely limestone, pumice, sepiolite, bentonite and mussel shell were used as flocculant aids. The effects of dosage of flocculant aids on the pH, color and electrical conductivity of wastewater were studied. The experimental results showed that the treatment with all substances was very effective. The pHs of treated wastewater were obtained in the range of 5–7 without needing pH adjustment process. Fifteen Pt-Co color values were obtained on average, which is similar to pure water clarity. The amount of solute in the wastewater was evaluated by the electrical conductivity values. According to the results, under the optimum treatment conditions, chemical oxygen demands were determined. As a result of the work, the cost of chemicals for the wastewater treatment processes has been reduced by about 90%.
A Review on Post-Traumatic Aggression
Authors: Dadgari Bahare
Published: August 2017

Traumatic brain injury is the first cause of death and disability in children and young adults in worldwide. During the acute phase of recovery from moderate to severe brain injury, a period of post-traumatic confusion state (PTCS) will arise that is a combination of cognitive and behavioral dysfunction. Seven key symptoms of PTCS are identified and measured by Confusion Assessment Protocol (CAP)  Agitation can be part of PTCS in the acute phase or, part of the recovery of consciousness in chronic phase. There are different hypothesis and classifications of acute and chronic post-traumatic aggressive syndromes. While post-traumatic aggression is common, its mechanism, assessment tool, outcome and treatment plans are not well-defined. Understanding the different aspects of post-traumatic aggression; mechanism, differential diagnosis, and treatment are reviewed in this article.
Bibliografía de filología hispánica
Authors: Filología Hispánica Nueva Revista de
Published: August 2017

Las reseñas se consignan a continuación del libro (o artículo reseñado). Cuando éste se ha descrito en una entrega anterior de la Bibliografía, se pone entre paréntesis el número de ficha correspondiente. También se hacen referencias a ediciones anteriores de una obra, a tomos anteriores de una obra en curso de publicación, etc. En estos casos, la cifra que precede al número de referencia indica el volumen de la NRFH en que figura la ficha en cuestión. Así, el "núm. 39-39695" corresponde a la ficha 39695, la cual está en el volumen 39 de la NRFH. Cuando no hay cifra inicial, ha de entenderse que el número remite a una ficha incluida en el presente fascículo.
Influence of Chitosan-Based Dressing on Prevention of Synechia and Wound Healing after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Jie , Zeng Quan , Ke Xia , Yang Yucheng , Hu Guohua , Zhang Xuan
Published: August 2017

Introduction

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has had many complications, e.g., synechia formation. This meta-analysis investigated the effect of a novel chitosan-based dressing on prevention of synechia and wound healing after ESS.

Methods

We systematically searched various medical literature data bases and included the randomized controlled trials (RCT) regarding the effect of novel chitosan-based dressing on ESS. The study outcomes included synechia, granulations, hemostasis, crusting scores, and infection.

Results

Six RCTs, which involved 337 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with control intervention after ESS, chitosan-based gel dressing substantially inhibited synechia (risk ratio [RR] 0.28 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.15–0.54]; p = 0.0001), improved granulations (RR 1.47 [95% CI, 1.07–2.03]; p = 0.02), and hemostasis (RR 1.47 [95% CI, 1.07–2.03]; p = 0.02) but demonstrated no effect on crusting scores (standard mean difference -0.41 [95% CI, -1.06 to 0.23]; p = 0.21) and infection (RR 0.88 [95% CI, 0.51–1.52]; p = 0.64).

Conclusion

Compared with control intervention, chitosan-based dressing was associated with significantly reduced synechia and with increased granulations and hemostasis but showed no influence on crusting and infection after ESS.
Production and Price Relationship of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in Bangladesh: A Distributed Lag Model
Authors: Hasan Md. Kamrul , Haque Md. Mojammel , Rabbani Md. Golam
Published: August 2017

The study aimed at analyzing the fluctuation, and production-price relationship of ginger in Bangladesh. Nineteen years (1975 to 2013) time series data of area, production and prices of ginger, collected from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics were used to analyze the simplest method for fluctuation, and the Koyck model of distributed lag. The extent of annual price fluctuation of ginger ranged between -50 to 63 percent, while the fluctuation of area, production and yield ranged between-5 to 13, -17 to 22 and -20 to 11 percent, respectively. The study revealed that ginger production in Bangladesh had been influenced by the average price lag value formed in the market. The most striking result of the study was that the time required to get an effect on ginger production for the changes of ginger prices in Bangladesh was 19.83 years. This result shows that the farmers are very enthusiastic for growing ginger, the widely grown major spice crop. The correlation/regression coefficients indicated that the changes in lag values of the prices had a positive influence on production. It may be recommended that to keep the ginger price fluctuation under control, sustainable ginger farming and establishment of an efficient marketing organization is necessary.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 01-09
Evaluation of Some Management Options against Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis [Guenee])
Authors: Akter Sharmin , Alam MZ , Rahman MM , Akanda AM
Published: August 2017

A field study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of five management options: i) Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), ii) Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad), iii) Proclaim 5 SG (Emamectin benzoate), iv) mechanical control, and v) untreated control for suppressing brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) during-2012 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU). The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results indicated that Tracer 45 SC performed the best in reducing 85.60% shoot infestation over control, which was followed by Proclaim 5 SG (76.62%), Bacillus thuringiensis (66.41%) and mechanical control (22.02%). The best performance of fruit infestation reduction over control by number and by weight was also obtained in Tracer 45 SC treated plots and reduced  88.80 and 89.46%, respectively. This was   followed by Proclaim 5 SG (65.58 and 67.29%), Bacillus thuringiensis (52.63 and 54.28%) and mechanical control (31.88 and 19.04%). The highest yield of 11.20 t ha-1 and highest benefit cost ratio of 5.32 were recorded in Tracer 45 SC treated plots.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 49-57
Effect of N, P and K fertilizer on the flower yield of Chrysanthemum
Authors: Ahmed R , Hussain MJ , Ahmed S , Karim MR , Siddiky MA
Published: August 2017

An experiment was conducted at the research field of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during Rabi season of 2012-13 to 2014-15 to evaluate the response of different doses of N, P and K on the yield and yield attributes of chrysanthemum (var. BARI Chrysanthemum-1) and to find out the optimum and economic doses of NPK for maximizing yield of chrysanthemum. Treatments comprising four levels each of N (0, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1), P (0, 50, 75 and 100 kg ha-1) and K (0, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) along with blanket dose of 2 kg B and 4 kg Zn ha-1 were used. The treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The combined effect of NPK significantly increased yield and yield attributes of chrysanthemum for each of the yearly experiments as well as the average of three years results. Significantly, the highest flower yield (12.45, 11.47 and 11.96 t/ha) was obtained with the application of N150P75K135 kg ha-1 (T3) along with blanket dose of 2 kg B and 4 kg Zn ha-1 for the years of 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively and it was statistically identical with T4 (N200P75K135 kg ha-1) treatment. Application of 150 kg N, 75 kg P and 135 kg K increased yield by 52.76, 42.29 and 36.51%, 152.08, 126.23 and 99.13% and 88.35, 51.30 and 60.75%, respectively, over their control in respect to the years. The highest benefit-cost ratio 5.54 followed by 5.14 was obtained from T3 (N150P75K135 kg ha-1) followed by T4 treatment, respectively. From the quadratic regression equation averaging three years data the optimum and economic doses 155 and 151.8 kg N, 79.3 and 77.68 kg P and 118.75 and 115.7 kg K, respectively were found which could be recommended for chrysanthemum production in Grey Terrace Soil of Joydebpur under AEZ 28.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 58-67
Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Induced Water Stress on Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Rana MS , Hasan MA , Bahadur MM , Islam MR
Published: August 2017

The performance of twenty wheat genotypes under Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) induced water stress during germination and early seedling growth stages were tested under three levels of water potential i) Control (Tap water), ii) -2 bars and iii) -4 bar at the Crop Physiology and Ecology Laboratory of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during September 2014 to October 2014. Rate of germination and vigor index of all wheat genotypes were delayed with the increment of water stress induced by PEG. Shoot and root lengths and seedling dry weight of 10 days old seedlings were found to be reduced due to the increment of water stress. However, the degree of reduction of these parameters with the increment of water stress was not similar for all wheat genotypes. Stress tolerance index (STI) based on seedling dry weight indicated a wide difference in stress tolerance among the wheat genotypes. At moderate water deficit stress, BARI Gom 25, E 34, E 28 and BAW 1170 showed more stress tolerance and the wheat genotypes- Sourav, E 23 and BAW 1140 showed greater stress sensitivity than the other wheat genotypes. At higher water deficit stress, BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 28, E 28 and BAW 1170 showed more stress tolerance and the wheat genotypes- Satabdi, Sourav, BARI Gom 26, E 23, E 38, E 24, BAW 1163, BAW 1140 and BAW 1151 showed greater stress sensitivity than the others. Considering both moderate and high water deficit stress, BARI Gom 25, E 28 and BAW 1170 were found as tolerant and Sourav, E 23 and BAW 1140 were found as water deficit stress sensitive wheat genotypes. The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 81-91
Seed Yield and Quality of Late Season Direct Seeded Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) as Influenced by Spacing and Time of De-topping
Authors: Mollah Md. Abul Fazal , Rahman Md. Moshiur , Zablul Tareq Md. , Zahidul Hoque ABM , Mehedi Hasan Mir
Published: August 2017

An experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), Regional Station, Kishoreganj during July to December of 2010 and 2011 to investigate the effect of spacing and de-topping on yield and quality of kenaf seeds cv. HC-95 grown under direct seeding method. Three plants spacings (40 cm × 15 cm, 30 cm × 15 cm and 20 cm × 15 cm) and four de-topping treatments (no de-topping, de-topping at 15, 30 and 45  days after emergence (DAE) were applied in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The highest yield of kenaf seed (1403 and 1646 kgha-1 in 2010 and 2011, respectively) was obtained from sowing at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing. The best quality seed in respect to germination and vigour was also obtained from sowing at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing. The highest seed yield, germination and vigour of seed were obtained for de-topped at 45 days after emergence. It is concluded that the highest seed yield and quality of late season direct seeded kenaf could be obtained by sowing at a spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm and de-topping at 45 days after emergence. The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 92-100
Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Attributes of Marigold (Tagetes patula L.)
Authors: Ahmed R , Hussain MJ , Ahmed S , Karim MR , Siddiky MA
Published: August 2017

An experiment was conducted at the research field of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during Rabi season of 2012-13 to 2014-15 to evaluate the yield and yield attributes of Marigold (var. BARI Marigold-1) to different doses of N, P and K fertilizers and to find out the optimum and economic doses of NPK for maximizing flower yield. Eleven treatments as T1, T2, T3, ,T10 and T11 comprising with four levels of fertilizer nutrients each of N (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), P (0, 30, 40 and 50 kg ha-1) and K (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) along with a blanket dose of 2 kg B and 4 kg Zn ha-1. The experiment was conducted assigning the treatments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Flower yield and yield attributes of marigold significantly increased with NPK fertilizer for all three years. The significantly highest flower yield (22.25, 27.38 and 25.15 ton ha-1) was obtained from T3 treatment applying the nutrients N90P40K90 kg ha-1 along with blanket dose of 2 Kg B and 4 kg Zn ha-1 for the years 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively which was statistically identical with T4 treatment (N120P40K90 kg ha-1) for the year 2012-13, but significantly different from all other treatments for the years 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. Flower yields were increased in T3 treatment (N90P40K90 kg ha-1) by 81.34, 62.53 and 49.53%; 146.00, 119.39 and 108.84% and 121.20, 92.13 and 84.11% over their control in respect to the years 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. The highest benefit-cost ratio 7.14 was obtained from T3 (N90P40K90 kg ha-1) followed by T4 (6.53) treatment. From the quadratic regression equation averaging three years data the optimum and economic doses 103.75 and 102.44 kg N; 36.67 and 36.31 kg P and 90.10 and 88.43 kg K, respectively were found which could be recommended for marigold production in Grey Terrace Soil of Joydebpur under AEZ 28.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 101-109
Effect of Tillage Practices and Rice Straw Management on Soil Environment and Carbon Dioxide Emission
Authors: Rahman MM , Biswas JC , Maniruzzaman M , Choudhury AK , Ahmed F
Published: August 2017

Carbon (C) inputs and tillage intensity impinge on C degradation and thus CO2 emission and soil properties get influenced. Information on CO2 emission and soil properties under different tillage practices and straw application in rice based cropping system in Bangladesh is lacking. The effects of rice straw and tillage operations on CO2 emission and soil properties were quantified in four consecutive seasons of transplanted Aman and Boro rice grown under two tillage operations (minimum and traditional) and three levels of rice straw (control, incorporation and mulch) during 2010 to 2012. Irrespective of tillage practices, CO2 emission peak reached after 3-4 weeks of straw application. Carbon dioxide emission ranged from 26 to 59 kg ha-1 day-1 under minimum tillage and 25 to 96 kg ha-1 day-1 under traditional tillage. Minimum tillage accumulated more C in soil, which could be attributed to lower rates of emission and straw degradation. Carbon degradation rate constants, k were 0.000300 and 0.000394 (day-1) under minimum and traditional tillage, respectively. Small increment in soil C might help reducing CO2 in the atmosphere. Mineralization of straw increased nutrient contents and thereby improved the soil fertility and availability to the crops for nutrients uptake. Traditional tillage significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased field capacity of the soil, whereas in addition, rice straw application furthermore increased permanent wilting point and available water content in the soil. The present study may help in identifying suitable tillage and residue management options in reducing CO2 emission from rice fields.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 127-142
Pour une conception constructionnelle de la transitivité
Authors: Legallois Dominique
Published: August 2017

Cet article propose de concevoir la transitivité comme une propriété non pas d’un verbe, non pas d’une proposition ou d’un énoncé, mais comme celle d’une construction. Cela implique que la construction transitive possède une signification (à l’image d’un lexème). Pour appréhender cette signification, il convient d’adopter un appareil formel descriptif, articulé, d’une part autour des notions de conjonction/disjonction (qui marquent le rapport du sujet à l’objet) et, d’autre part, autour des phénomènes d’espaces subjectaux et objectaux. Ces notions font l’objet d’une discussion détaillée qui remet en cause la notion de prototypicité transitive .
Le passif en français est-il une construction, au sens des grammaires de construction ?
Authors: Jalenques Pierre
Published: August 2017

Le passif est généralement présenté comme un exemple typique de construction , au sens des Grammaires de construction, notamment dans les travaux de A. Goldberg. Dans cette perspective, le sens du passif est présenté comme non compositionnel par rapport à ses éléments constitutifs. À partir de là, nous réinterrogerons la notion même de construction , en particulier du point de vue de la compositionnalité du sens. Nous proposerons ensuite une analyse sémantique compositionnelle du passif périphrastique en français. Nous montrons que la signification de celui-ci découle centralement de la combinaison du sens du verbe être en tant que copule et du sens du participe passé employé nu. Cette analyse conduit à relativiser le poids de la non-compositionnalité du sens (totale ou partielle) dans la définition de la notion de construction , au moins pour le passif périphrastique en français.
Notch Balances Th17 and Induced Regulatory T Cell Functions in Dendritic Cells by Regulating Aldh1a2 Expression
Authors: Zaman Taskia Sultana , Arimochi Hideki , Maruyama Satoshi , Ishifune Chieko , Tsukumo Shin-ichi , Kitamura Akiko , Yasutomo Koji
Published: August 2017

Dendritic cells (DCs) are important for adaptive immune responses through the activation of T cells. The molecular interplay between DCs and T cells determines the magnitude of T cell responses or outcomes of functional differentiation of T cells. In this study, we demonstrated that DCs in mice that are Rbpj deficient in CD11c+ cells (Rbpj−/− mice) promoted the differentiation of IL-17A–producing Th17 cells. Rbpj-deficient DCs expressed little Aldh1a2 protein that is required for generating retinoic acid. Those DCs exhibited a reduced ability for differentiating regulatory T cells induced by TGF-β. Rbpj protein directly regulated Aldh1a2 transcription by binding to its promoter region. The overexpression of Aldh1a2 in Rbpj-deficient DCs negated their Th17-promoting ability. Transfer of naive CD4+ T cells into Rag1-deficient Rbpj−/− mice enhanced colitis with increased Th17 and reduced induced regulatory T cells (iTreg) compared with control Rag1-deficient mice. The cotransfer of iTreg and naive CD4+ T cells into Rag1-deficient Rbpj−/− mice improved colitis compared with transfer of naive CD4+ T cell alone. Furthermore, cotransfer of DCs from Rbpj−/− mice that overexpressed Aldh1a2 or Notch-stimulated DCs together with naive CD4+ T cells into Rbpj−/− Rag1-deficient mice led to reduced colitis with increased iTreg numbers. Therefore, our studies identify Notch signaling in DCs as a crucial balancer of Th17/iTreg, which depends on the direct regulation of Aldh1a2 transcription in DCs.
Erythroid Suppressor Cells Compromise Neonatal Immune Response against Bordetella pertussis
Authors: Dunsmore Garett , Bozorgmehr Najmeh , Delyea Cole , Koleva Petya , Namdar Afshin , Elahi Shokrollah
Published: August 2017

Newborns are highly susceptible to infection. The underlying mechanism of neonatal infection susceptibility has generally been associated with neonatal immune cell immaturity. In this study, we challenged this notion and built upon our recent discovery that neonates are physiologically enriched with erythroid TER119+CD71+ cells (Elahi et al. 2013. Nature 504: 158–162). We have used Bordetella pertussis, a common neonatal respiratory tract infection, as a proof of concept to investigate the role of these cells in newborns. We found that CD71+ cells have distinctive immune-suppressive properties and suppress innate immune responses against B. pertussis infection. CD71+ cell ablation unleashed innate immune response and restored resistance to B. pertussis infection. In contrast, adoptive transfer of neonatal CD71+ cells into adult recipients impaired their innate immune response to B. pertussis infection. Enhanced innate immune response to B. pertussis was characterized by increased production of protective cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12, as well as recruitment of NK cells, CD11b+, and CD11c+ cells in the lung. Neonatal and human cord blood CD71+ cells express arginase II, and this enzymatic activity inhibits phagocytosis of B. pertussis in vitro. Thus, our study challenges the notion that neonatal infection susceptibility is due to immune cell–intrinsic defects and instead highlights active immune suppression mediated by abundant CD71+ cells in the newborn. Our findings provide additional support for the novel theme in neonatal immunology that immunosuppression is essential to dampen robust immune responses in the neonate. We anticipate that our results will spark renewed investigation in modulating the function of these cells and developing novel strategies for enhancing host defense to infections in newborns.
A Literature Review on Ohlson (1995)
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Mishra Chandra Sekhar
Published: August 2017

This paper presents the review of the literature focussed on Ohlson, J.A., 1995. (Earnings, book values and dividends in security valuation. Contemporary Accounting Research 11, 661—687). Firstly an overview then theoretical and empirical research directly related to this work are presented, based on articles cited this work. Further, some bibliometric facts about the study are added. The bibliometric analysis is based on twelve reputed journals of accounting: Journal of Accounting Research, Journal of Accounting and Economics, The Accounting Review, Contemporary Accounting Research, Review of Accounting Studies, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, Accounting Horizons, The European Accounting Review, Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance, Accounting and Business Research, A Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business Studies and The International Journal of Accounting. Our findings of bibliometric facts come up with most influenced author, university and country by Ohlson (1995) and followed by keyword analysis.
Online Corpus Tools in Scholarly Writing: A Case of EFL Postgraduate Student
Authors: Kotamjani Sedigheh Shakib , Razavi Ommehoney Fazel , Hussin Habsah
Published: August 2017

Some studies have reported the positive outcome of using concordancers and dictionaries in (ESL) context. This study aims to examine how an EFL writer consulted with concordancers and dictionaries along with Google and Google Scholar when engaging in academic writing at university level. The researcher investigated a non-English-major postgraduate student corpus consultation over five months. The researcher provided a toolkit including corpus tools; concordancers, collocation dictionaries, thesaurus, Google, in combination with traditional reference resources such as monolingual and bilingual online dictionaries. The participant received a three-session training to consult with different resources while writing research paper. Real-time data, stimulated recall interview, participants’ writing and query logs served as the main sources of data. Results showed that the participant was aware of the applicability of each corpus tool. He could successfully solve 604 linguistic problems, and promoted his linguistic awareness. It is implied that corpus tools have the potential to assist EFL writers in proofreading and editing the surface levels of their writing.