bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal Folik Asit Suplemantasyonunun Rat Yavrularında Doğum Ağırlığı ve Obezite Gelişimi Üzerine Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Karaçil Ermumcu Merve Şeyda , Acar Tek Nilüfer
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebelik boyunca farklı miktarlarda folik aside (FA) maruz bırakılan rat yavrularının doğum ağırlığı ile obezite gelişimi üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Wistar türü dişi ratların (n=18) gebe kalmaları sağlanmış ve randomize şekilde üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Gebelik döneminde her gruba FA içerikleri farklı üç ayrı beslenme protokolü (Kontrol grubu [KG]: 2 mg/kg folik asit, Deney 1 grubu [D1]: 5 mg/kg folik asit, Deney 2 grubu [D2]: 40 mg/kg folik asit) uygulanmıştır. Kontrol ve deney grubu yavruların doğum ağırlığına bakılmıştır. Laktasyon dönemi sonrasında her gruptan 12 yavru (6 dişi ve 6 erkek) olmak üzere toplamda 36 yavrunun haftalık vücut ağırlığı takibi yapılmıştır. Yedi ve on ikinci haftaların sonunda yavruların obezite durumu (Lee indeksi) değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya toplamda 18 anne ve 36 yavru olmak üzere 54 rat dahil edilmiştir.

Bulgular: En yüksek ortalama doğum ağırlığının, D2 grubundaki ratlardan doğan yavrularda olduğu belirlenmiştir (KG: 5.6±0.1 g; D1: 5.8±0.5 g; D2: 5.9±0.2 g; p<0.05). D2 grubu erkek (174.4±5.6 g) ve dişi (138.3±7.7 g) yavruların yedinci haftanın sonundaki vücut ağırlıklarının, KG (erkek: 151.6±10.6 g; dişi: 124.6±3.9 g) ve D1 grubundaki (erkek: 163.3±25.3 g; dişi: 130.8±13.0 g) yavrulardan daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). On ikinci hafta sonundaki erkek ve dişi yavruların ortalama vücut ağırlıkları ve vücut ağırlığı artışları benzer bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Yüksek miktarda folik aside maruz kalan annelerin yavrularının yedi haftalık iken vücut ağırlıkları normal aralıkta olmasına rağmen, on ikinci haftanın sonunda dişi yavruların tamamının, erkek yavruların ise üçte birinin obez olduğu (%33.3) belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma, maternal FA suplemantasyon miktarının yavru ratlarda vücut ağırlığı artışıyla ilişkili bir risk faktörü olabileceğini ve yavrularda obeziteye yatkınlığa neden olabileceğini düşündürmüştür. Gebelerde FA suplemantasyonu uygulamasında doza dikkat edilmelidir.
Estudio de la valorización de la cadena de valor en empresas productivas y alimentarias de la región de Tarapacá
Authors: Oyarzun C. Andrés , Maturana Cristobal , Barrientos B. Hernán , Alaya R. Evadyl
Published: December 2019

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar, en la práctica, un grupo de empresas para evidenciarlos procesos o actividades en dónde generan valor para sus clientes. Para desarrollar estainvestigación se estudia a 10 empresas de la región de Tarapacá, con el fin de realizar el estudio.El levantamiento de la información se realiza mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario adaptadoque abarca las nueve actividades de la Cadena de Valor, aplicado a informantes claves de lasorganizaciones bajo estudio.Los resultados evidencian una marcada valorización de las actividades logísticas externas. Unhallazgo de la investigación, evidencia la escasa colaboración por parte de entidades de investigacióncon las empresas regionales en procesos de trasferencia tecnológica.Palabras clave: Cadena de valor, actividades primarias, actividades de soporte, estrategias,fortalezas, cliente.
Generación de conocimiento en la biosorción de metales pesados encontrados en el agua residual utilizando la especie vegetal Zea mays, in vitro
Authors: Gutierrez Arce Felipe , Gutierrez Arce Walter , Candenazzi Pascual Monica
Published: December 2019

El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la capacidad biosorvente de metales pesados (Cadmio – Cd,Cromo – Cr y Plomo – Pb) encontrados en el agua residual, utilizando in vitro, la especie vegetalZea mays. Se formarán tres grupos de preparados biosorventes: G1 de la hoja de la panca de Zeamays (n=27), G2 del tallo de la panca de Zea mays (n=27), y G3 de la hoja y tallo de la panca deZea mays (n=27). En cada uno de los tres grupos G1, G2 y G3, se tomarán 27 muestras en total,nueve muestras de 50 g (P1), nueve muestras de 100 g (P2), y nueve muestras de 150 g (P3), y todasserán vertidas en una solución de 500 ml de AR (agua residual). Para las nueve muestras de P1, P2y P3, tres muestras interactuarán durante un minuto (T1), tres muestras interactuarán durante dosminutos (T2), y las últimas tres muestras interactuarán durante tres minutos (T3). Los antecedentesencontrados muestran un gran soporte académico para conseguir el objetivo de que es posible labiosorción de metales pesados utilizando la especie vegetal Zea mays.Palabras clave: Biosorción, metales pesados, agua residual, Zea mays, lignina.
La agresividad y los niveles de logro de los estudiantes del sexto grado de la Institución Educativa “Aplicación Nuestra Señora del Rosario” de Puerto Maldonado
Authors: Mamani Uchasara Helen J. , Estrada Araoz Edwin G.
Published: December 2019

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la agresividady los niveles de logro de los estudiantes del sexto grado de la Institución Educativa“Aplicación Nuestra Señora del Rosario” de Puerto Maldonado. El enfoque de investigación fuecuantitativo, el tipo de investigación fue no experimental y el diseño descriptivo correlacional decorte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por todos los estudiantes del sexto grado delnivel primario de la institución educativa Aplicación Nuestra Señora del Rosario y la muestrafue conformada por 55 estudiantes la cual fue obtenida mediante un muestreo probabilístico. Latécnica utilizada para la recolección de datos fue la encuesta, en el caso de la variable agresividady el análisis documental en el caso de la variable niveles de logro. Por otra parte, los instrumentosde recolección de datos fueron el Cuestionario de Agresión AQ y el acta consolidada de evaluaciónintegral del nivel primario. Los resultados indican que estadísticamente existe correlaciónnegativa, moderada y significativa entre las variables analizadas. El coeficiente de correlaciónrho de Spearman es de -0,696 con un p-valor inferior al nivel de significancia (p=0,000<0,05).Finalmente se concluye que mientras los estudiantes presenten altos niveles de agresividad, sunivel de logro de aprendizajes será menor y viceversa.Palabras clave: Agresividad, niveles de logro, aprendizaje
Diagnosis of the formation of phonemic processes in children with ONR III level by means of computer technologies
Authors: Kyslychenko Viktoria , Shlapak Anna
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the problems of diagnosing the formation of speech processes in preschoolers. The article deals with the diagnostics of phonemic processes formation in children with general level 3 speech development. A thorough analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the formation of phonetic processes in children of senior preschool wreath is carried out. The analysis of the system of diagnostics on logopedic classes using computer technologies is given.
The modern diagnostics of the state of formation of the phonemic perception processes has been developed and outlined.
The state of speech in older preschool children has been studied in stages.
Provision of means and methods of diagnostics of the child's speech in preschool educational institutions is analyzed. The problem of computer support on the example of the Logopedic Center "Development" of the city of Nikolaev is outlined. The necessity and importance of timely and qualitative diagnostics of the state of formation of phonemic processes in preschool children with general underdevelopment of the level III speech are substantiated. The main directions of actual improvement of the diagnostic process are identified and outlined. The main trends and directions of the process of diagnostics of the child's speech with the help of innovative computer technologies are separated and outlined. The model of diagnostics of phonemic processes formation is developed and tested, which includes the following criteria:
– criterion I – formation of phonetic processes
– Indicator 1 – phonemic analysis
– Indicator 2 – the formation of phonemic synthesis
– Indicator 3 – the formation of phonemic representations
– criterion II – stability of attention
– Indicator 1 – Stability of attention
– Indicator 2 – focus
– Indicator 3 – switching attention
Limited expression of TLR9 on T cells and its functional consequences in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Alegre Nadia Soledad , Garcia Cecilia Claudia , Billordo Luis Ariel , Ameigeiras Beatriz , Poncino Daniel , Benavides Javier , Colombato Luis , Cherñavsky Alejandra Claudia
Published: December 2019

Background/Aims: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) modulate T cell responses in diverse diseases. Co-stimulation of T cell activation via TLR9 induces production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), priming of which is critical for differentiation of pro-inflammatory macrophages. These macrophages have a crucial role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to evaluate the expression of TLR9 protein on T cells and the consequences of TLR9-mediated triggering of these cells in patients with NAFLD.Methods: Our study included 34 patients with simple steatosis, 34 patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, eight patients with NAFLD who met general diagnostic criteria but lacked histological diagnosis, and 51 control subjects. We used a synthetic TLR9 ligand to co-stimulate T cells. We measured TLR9 expression in liver and peripheral T cells and CD69 and IFN-γ as phenotypic markers of T cell activation and differentiation by flow cytometry.Results: TLR9 expression on liver and peripheral T cells was lowest in patients with simple steatosis and was positively associated with anthropometric, biochemical, and histopathological features of NAFLD. In vitro co-stimulation of T cells from patients with simple steatosis induced a limited number of IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells. At baseline, these patients showed a low frequency of circulating type 1 CD8+ cells.Conclusions: The positive associations between TLR9 and anthropometric, clinical, and histological features and the crucial role of IFN-γ-in NAFLD suggest that limited TLR9 expression and production of IFN-γ play a protective role in patients with simple steatosis.
Trophic ecology of red snapper Lutjanus campechanus on natural and artificial reefs: interactions between annual variability, habitat, and ontogeny
Authors: Brewton RA , Downey CH , Streich MK , Wetz JJ , Ajemian MJ , Stunz GW
Published: December 2019

In the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), oil and gas platforms have created an expansive network of artificial reefs. Generally, policies mandate removal of these structures post-production; however, many enter ‘Rigs-to-Reefs’ (RTR) programs that convert the rig materials into artificial reefs (‘reefing’). Despite the growth of RTR programs worldwide, the functionality of the resulting habitats remains uncertain, particularly due to the lack of comparative studies with natural systems. To address this data gap as it relates to trophic ecology, we compared annual, ontogenetic, and habitat-specific diet and stable isotope signatures (δ13C and δ15N) of adult red snapper Lutjanus campechanus (n = 1585) from relic coralgal natural reefs to those of fish from standing and reefed platforms located in similar depth strata of the northwestern GOM. Stomach content analyses revealed significant effects of year, habitat, and total length on prey composition. Subsequent analyses of stable isotope values by size class identified a non-linear relationship with ontogeny. δ13C and δ15N values at reefed platforms and natural reefs decreased in the medium size class (401-600 mm total length), whereas fish from standing platforms exhibited more consistent feeding patterns across ontogeny. Annual variability was also observed in δ13C and δ15N values, with 2013 and 2014 significantly different from 2015. These findings suggest that the trophic impacts of habitat type on reef fishes are more complex than previously considered in the GOM and that reefed platforms provide foraging opportunities more similar to natural reefs than standing platforms.
REQUIREMENTS TO THE MATERIALS OF REMOTE SENSING FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF PASTURES
Authors: Svankulova Aizhanat , Kulik Ekaterina
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the role of remote sensing and satellite observation data in the optical and infrared ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum for solving a wide range of pasture monitoring tasks. The article outlines the requirements for images from the Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 spacecraft for pastures monitoring in the Kosh-Agach district of the Altai Republic. The main characteristics of the imaging equipment of satellite systems data are considered. Data acquisition is recommended from the Earth Explorer geoportal, where the choice of materials includes the following: area of interest, cloudiness percentage, shooting period, shooting system, shooting time. Survey data are involved in the formation of an information model for determining pasture degradation, tracking pasture status and yield dynamics, and planning for their rational use.
ATTACK METHODS FOR OBTAINING DOMAIN ADMINISTRATOR RIGHTS IN ACTIVE DIRECTORY
Authors: Skoropupov Il'ya , Bubnova Anna , Karmanov Igor
Published: December 2019

In this article the following attack methods for obtaining domain administrator rights in Active Directory are considered: searching for passwords in the SYSVOL settings and group policies, Kerberoast, swapping of stolen credentials, getting access to AD database file. Recommendations for preventing such attacks and minimization of possible damage from them are formulated.
POSSIBILITY OF APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL-COST ANALYSIS ON VERIFICATION AND OPERATION OF DEVICES AT THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Shaparenko Alexander , Pavlenko Valery
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the functional cost analysis and the possibility of its use in the enterprise "LLC CSM".
THE RELATIONSHIP OF LAND CATEGORIES AND THE STATE OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR
Authors: Solovey Alexandra , Bochkareva Irina
Published: December 2019

The work is devoted to the consideration of the relationship of economic and (or) other activities that affect the definition of land categories and air pollution on the example of the Novosibirsk Region.
PROMOTION OF GOODS ON THE MARKET OF ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
Authors: Mamonov Mikhail , Shaburova Aelita
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the analysis of product demand. The risk assessment for unclaimed goods is determined. The analysis of products sales for enterprise is conducted. The analysis for price police is given. For successful market entry, the competitiveness of the enterprise's products is analyzed. The analysis of dynamics and execution of the plan on production for certain years is considered. The list and structure of production of the enterprise is defined. The analysis of changes in the average cost of production is conducted.
APPLICATION OF DIGITAL WATERMARKS FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION
Authors: Pechyonkina Angelika , Karmanov Igor
Published: December 2019

At the moment, due to the development of global networks, protection of intellectual property from illegal copying is of great importance. A lot of research is devoted to use of steganography for copyright protection. Steganographic methods not only secretly transmit information, but also solve problems of authentication noise immunity, protecting data from unauthorized copying, tracking information movement in a network and for searching it in multimedia databases. Most areas of applied mathematics are used as a tool for steganography, and the term «stego» has long been used by Internet users as an important component of modern information security technologies.
SOME ASPECTS OF CADASTRAL WORKS METHODOLOGY IN RELATION TO LAND FLOODED QUARRIES
Authors: Shumskaya Yulia , Trubina Lyudmila
Published: December 2019

The article considers the issue of cadastral account of water-filled quarries. The concept of an artificial reservoir is characterized. The role of artificial reservoirs in the formation of the ecological situation of the territory is noted. The main directions of economic use of dry and water-filled quarries after recultivation are characterized.The necessity of cadastral account of water-filled quarries is stated. The methodology of collecting and processing initial data for registering water-filled quarries is presented and illustrated. The role of materials of remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicles in cadastral accountof water-filled quarries is noted.
POSSIBILITY OF CREATING A DIGITAL ORTHOPHOTO BASED ON AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WHILE UPDATING MAPS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Skorobogatova Anastasia , Khlebnikova Elena
Published: December 2019

The stages of orthophotoplan creation in the software complex PHOTOMOD Lite and similar functionality of the software complex Agisoft PhotoScan for further research of their application in production as an alternative to the software product of Leica Geosystems "Leica Photogrammetry Suite" are considered.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF EXECUTIVE GEODETIC DOCUMENTATION FOR CONSTRUCTION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Rakhymberdina Marzhan , Uteyev Ruslan
Published: December 2019

The article reflects the need to improve the Executive geodetic documentation in for construction projects in Kazakhstan. The article analyzes the main points of the role of geodesy in the implementation of the state program "Digital Kazakhstan". The need to improve modern regulatory documentation are identified and justified, based on the modernization of geodetic support.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE CARTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION WORKS
Authors: Rakhymberdina Marzhan , Nurmoldakyzy Dinara , Sagadiyev Rustam
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the current state of geological study of the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the update of the State geological map of 1 : 200 000 scale according to the results of geological studies of the three sheets of M-44-XXVIII, XXIX, XXX. The article shows a detailed description of the updated territory, in order to update the data on mineral deposits, which should ensure the industrial development of Kazakhstan with a stable source of raw materials.
TO THE QUESTION OF DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT OF PRECISION FARMING IN EAST KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Kassymov Dauren , Medvedeva Elena , Mustafinov Kuanysh
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the development and technical equipment of precision agriculture in the territory of East Kazakhstan. The analysis of development of branch from the moment of introduction before performance of works on farms of area is made. The problematic issues, the need for the introduction of precision agriculture in the agricultural enterprises of East Kazakhstan, through the use of modern technologies.
IMPROVING THE USE OF LABOR RESOURCES ON THE INSTRUMENT-MAKING ENTERPRISE
Authors: Iost Evgeniy , Shaburova Aelita
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the need for the effecient use of labor resources and the assessment of the labor potential of the team and suggests ways to increase labor productivity. Quantitative and qualitative models, factors influencing the labor potential, and ways of its operation are proposed.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHM FOR INFORMATION SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE ORGANIZATION USING CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SALTSTACK WHEN TRANSMITTING DATA VIA FIBER-OPTIC COMMUNICATION LINES
Authors: Koryagin Sergey , Gritskevich Evgenij
Published: December 2019

In the article an approach to organization of information security infrastructure using the configuration management system is considered, which allows reducing of service labor costs, acceleration of installation, tuning of information and technical services and the software on virtual and physical servers. An analytical review and qualitative comparison of the most common similar currently existing systems are presented, taking into account the characteristics directly related to safe storage of information and interaction between the servers and the choice of the most suitable system for this work. A theoretical description of the security infrastructure building algorithm and examples of software implementation using the SaltStack configuration management system are given. Software for processing of vulnerability scanner reports is developed.
ABOUT BASIC TRENDS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IMPROVEMENT IN THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION
Authors: Berdnikova Tat'yana , Ryazancev Aleksandr , Tubol'cev Konstantin
Published: December 2019

The article shows the basic ways for improving agricultural land use activities in the Novosibirsk region, which is considered one of the most developed regions of the country in the given sphere of economy and produces about 2 % of crops and nearly meets its demands in potato and vegetable production.
Problematic is the sufficient development of small and medium-sized agricultural entrepreneurship, some aspects of which this article is devoted to.
ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN 3D MODELS IN CADASTRE
Authors: Zhadan Maria , Chernov Aleksandr , Gogolev Dmitry
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of the analysis of advanced foreign experience in the creation and implementation of 3D real estate cadastres. The structure of such systems, basic concepts and directions of their development are considered. Based on the results obtained, an assessment was made of the possibility of using various foreign technological solutions in the unified state register of real estate.
ONBOARD PHOTOINTAKES ON THE BASIS OF HIGH-SPEED LOW-FORMAT MATRIXES IN THE INFRARED RANGE
Authors: Chernikov Andrey , Kravets Sergey , Legky Vladimir , Edvabnik Valeriy , Gibin Igor
Published: December 2019

The analysis of parameters of high-speed small-format matrices operating in the infrared (IR) range is presented. The considered matrices can be placed on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for remote sensing of underlying surfaces. The types of devices, their purpose, the main spectral ranges and principles of operation are considered.
THE EXCHANGE OF CADASTRAL SERVICES, INCLUDING INTEGRATED ONLINE PLATFORM FOR INTERACTION BETWEEN CADASTRAL ENGINEERS AND CUSTOMERS
Authors: Kim Anastasia , Corsun Vadim
Published: December 2019

The article provides a rationale for the need to create a resource that will contain the base of cadastral engineers, access to services for the provision of services in the field of cadastre. All financial transactions will be carried out through a secure transaction, thus allowing the customer to be confident in the reliability of the services provided. Also provides statistics for each cadastral engineer, their rating and reviews section on services rendered. The article also presents the stages of its development, peculiarities of the concept and structure of the site.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE UNIFORM STATE REGISTRY OF REAL ESTATE
Authors: Rybalko Polina , Mitrofanova Natalia
Published: December 2019

This article lists the current problems of maintaining the Unified State Register of Real Estate, as well as state cadastral registration and state registration of rights. Considered ways to solve actual problems. Attention is focused on cadastral and registry errors, the reasons for their occurrence, classification and corrections in the information of the Unified State Register of Real Estate.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR SIGN LANGUAGE INTERPRETATION «JS1» WITH TOOLS OF THE COMPUTER VISION LIBRARY OPENCV
Authors: Sharapov Artem , Grishin Ruslan
Published: December 2019

The possibility of using computer vision libraries for sign language interpretation. The specialized software required for the development of sign language interpretation system is analyzed. The configuration and testing of public libraries of computer vision are carried out.
APPLICATION OF SOLIDWORKS SOFTWARE COMPLEX FOR CREATING MODULES OF TRAINER CLIENT UK-25/9-18 TRAINER SIMULATOR
Authors: Bondarev Edward
Published: December 2019

As part of the work carried out under the Russian Railways grant, 3D-models of objects have been created using the SolidWorks software package, which are modules of the training system for laying machine operators UK-25/9-18.
MODELING OF CONSTRUCTION SITES AND PROGRAM CALCULATION OF PROGRESSIVE DESTRUCTION
Authors: Glushkova Olga
Published: December 2019

The importance of the use of three-dimensional modeling for solving applied problems in construction is presented, the necessity of taking into account the progressive destruction in the calculations of building structures is substantiated. An overview of the existing methods of modeling and calculating the progressive destruction of building structures on the example of software systems SCAD Office and LIRA-CAD and comparison of the results. Special features of each software package.
DESIGNING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE CLASS SAFETY FOR THE RAILWAYS IN THE PROGRAM ASCON KOMPAS
Authors: Zhuravleva Alexandra
Published: December 2019

This article demonstrates the possibility of a graphical program Kompas ASCON in the sphere of three-dimensional modeling of engineering and building objects. The created three-dimensional model of the training class for employees of JSC "Russian Railways" to study safety rules can have a real embodiment – all components are built according to catalogs and statements. In the course of work on this project various tools of the program are mastered: models of the room of a class of furniture are created. The basic operations of three-dimensional modeling and methods of creating assembly units are studied. All components of the class are paired. The resulting project has a high visibility and can be used as a presentation as a company that performs class projects, and the customer.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR CONDUCTING COURSE WORKS IN DISCIPLINE «MODELING SYSTEMS” BY PART-TIME STUDENTS CORRESPONDING FACULTY
Authors: Safin Renat , Bugakov Petr
Published: December 2019

The project is aimed at creating the software necessary for the course work on the discipline "Modeling of systems" for part-time students of the correspondence faculty. Also, the developed program is planned to be used in the educational process as a demonstration model for lectures and practical classes in this discipline.
DETECTION OF DEFORMATION ZONES OF ENGINEERING OBJECTS WITH METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN CREDO CALCULATION, DEFORMATION 1.0
Authors: Vetoshkin Ivan , Savina Anastasia
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the methods of mathematical modeling and methods of calculation of the potential deformation zone in the software complex.
IMITATION MODELING OF TRANSPORT LINKAGES KUBOVAYA- KEDROVAYA CITY OF NOVOSIBIRSK
Authors: Shibareva Ekaterina
Published: December 2019

The paper addresses the issue of optimizing the city’s traffic flows using simulation modeling. The object of study was transport hub street. Kubovaya – Kedrovaya city of Novosibirsk. The aim of the work is to visualize the traffic flow of cars at the intersection of Kubovy and Kedrovaya and selection of parameters change to increase the capacity of this junction. A theoretical review was carried out, including the basics of modeling and building a simulation model. Based on the review, a crossroads model was implemented with the existing parameters in the AnyLogic 8.3.3 development environment. The paper presents and describes the architecture of the proposed solution and its implementation. As a result, this work contains conclusions and recommendations for the optimization of the considered intersection of Kubovaya - Kedrovaya city of Novosibirsk.
Water Deficit Effects on Soybean Root Morphology and Early-Season Vigor
Authors: Wijewardana Chathurika , Alsajri F.A. , Irby J.T. , Krutz L.J. , Golden B.R. , Henry W.B. , Reddy K.R.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted to determine if root, shoot, and gas exchange traits of determinate and indeterminate soybean cultivars respond differently to soil water deficit. The effect of soil water deficit imposed 4 and 10 days after sowing on growth and development parameters of determinate and indeterminate soybeans was evaluated for 18 and 30 days in experiment I and II, respectively. At both 18 and 30 days after seeding, nearly all root, shoot, and physiological parameters were inversely correlated with the soil moisture level, and the adverse effects of drought stress were more evident in Progeny P5333RY than in Asgrow AG5332. For both cultivars, the effect of soil water deficit on net photosynthesis was mainly due to stomatal limitations. The developed algorithms for the plant processes based on the environmental productivity index were not different between the cultivars, suggesting that soybean plants respond in a similar way irrespective of their growth habits, probably due to the shorter period of water stress.
A Review of Studies from the Last Twenty Years on Plant–Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associations and Their Uses for Wheat Crops
Authors: Ganugi Paola , Masoni Alberto , Pietramellara Giacomo , Benedettelli Stefano
Published: December 2019

The aim of this work was to summarize the most recent research focused on the study of plant–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis, both in a generic context and in the specific context of wheat cultivation. Taking into account the last 20 years, the most significant studies on the main plant advantages taken from this association are reviewed herein. Positive advances that have been reported stem from the mutualistic relationship between the plant and the mycorrhizal fungus, revealing better performance for the host in terms of nutrient uptake and protection from salinity, lack of water, and excess phytotoxic elements. Mycorrhiza studies and the recent progress in research in this sector have shown a possible solution for environmental sustainability: AMF represent a valid alternative to overcome the loss of biological fertility of soils, reduce chemical inputs, and alleviate the effects of biotic and abiotic stress.
Farmers’ Preferences for Cotton Cultivation Characteristics: A Discrete Choice Experiment in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sanou Edouard I. R. , Tur-Cardona Juan , Vitale Jeffrey D. , Koulibaly Bazoumana , Gheysen Godelieve , Speelman Stijn
Published: December 2019

While a fierce debate about the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified crops is ongoing, it is surprising that farmers are often not consulted. In Burkina Faso, where insect resistant Bollgard II® cotton (further termed Bt cotton) was commercially released in 2008, studies highlight that cotton producers are in general satisfied with the reduction in insecticide use while the economic benefits are a source of controversy. To gain insight into farmers’ preferences towards attributes in cotton cultivation, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was developed. Five key attributes were identified to describe improved cotton varieties: seed development and provenance, seed costs, yield, required number of insecticide sprays, and preservation of agricultural practices. Farm-gate surveys were conducted among 324 cotton farmers in Western Burkina Faso. The results show that overall, farmers have a positive preference towards yield improvements and a negative preference towards pure private seed development and towards an increase in the requested number of insecticide applications or in the seed costs. According to their varieties at the time of the surveys (Bt and non-Bt), a difference was observed regarding their preferences for a status quo situation, indicating that those growing Bt had a stronger preference to keep the status quo than non-Bt farmers. When dividing the sample in segments based on the farm size, it was shown that there were different preferences with respect to the development of the variety and the required number of insecticide applications. Overall, it can be concluded from this study that economic benefits (linked to higher yields, lower seed costs, or reduced pesticide use) shape farmer’s preferences.
Anti-Tubercular Activity of Substituted 7-Methyl and 7-Formylindolizines and In Silico Study for Prospective Molecular Target Identification
Authors: Venugopala Katharigatta N. , Tratrat Christophe , Pillay Melendhran , Mahomoodally Fawzi M. , Bhandary Subhrajyoti , Chopra Deepak , Morsy Mohamed A. , Haroun Michelyne , Aldhubiab Bandar E. , Attimarad Mahesh , Nair Anroop B. , Sreeharsha Nagaraja , Venugopala Rashmi , Chandrashekharappa Sandeep , Alwassil Osama I. , Odhav Bharti
Published: December 2019

Novel series of diversely substituted indolizines were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro anti-mycobacterial activity against H37Rv and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Many compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity against MTB H37Rv strains. Indolizines 2d, 2e, and 4 were also found to be active against MTB clinical isolates with multi-resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid. Indolizine 4 was identified as the most promising anti-mycobacterial agent, displaying minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 4 and 32 μg/mL against H37Rv and MDR strains, respectively. Furthermore, an in silico study was carried out for prospective molecular target identification and revealed favorable interactions with the target enzymes CYP 121, malate synthase, and DNA GyrB ATPase. None of the potent molecules presented toxicity against peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cell lines, demonstrating their potentiality to be used for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis therapy.
The Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Different Parameters of Human Plasma in the Presence or Absence of Exogenous Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Olas Beata , Brodek Paulina , Kontek Bogdan
Published: December 2019

The main aim of the study is to examine the effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), an H2S donor, on the oxidative stress in human plasma in vitro. It also examined the effects of very high concentrations of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on the hemostatic parameters (coagulation and fibrinolytic activity) of human plasma. Plasma was incubated for 5–30 min with different concentrations of NaHS from 0.01 to 10 mM. Following this, lipid peroxidation was measured as a thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration and the oxidation of amino acid residues in proteins was measured by determining the amounts of thiol groups and carbonyl groups. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the hydroxyl radical generating oxidation system (Fe/H2O2) were used as oxidative stress inducers. Hemostatic factors, such as the maximum velocity of clot formation, fibrin lysis half-time, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and international normalized ratio (INR), were estimated. Changes in lipid peroxidation, carbonyl group formation, and thiol group oxidation were detected at high concentrations of H2S (0.1–10 mM), and these results indicate that NaHS (as the precursor of H2S) may have pro-oxidative effects in human plasma in vitro. Moreover, considering the data presented in this study, we suggest that the oxidative stress stimulated by NaHS (at high concentrations: 1–10 mM) is not involved in changes of the hemostatic activity of plasma.
Green Extraction Approaches for Carotenoids and Esters: Characterization of Native Composition from Orange Peel
Authors: Murador Daniella C. , Salafia Fabio , Zoccali Mariosimone , Martins Paula L. G. , Ferreira Antônio G. , Dugo Paola , Mondello Luigi , de Rosso Veridiana V. , Giuffrida Daniele
Published: December 2019

Orange peel is a by-product produced in large amounts that acts as a source of natural pigments such as carotenoids. Xanthophylls, the main carotenoid class found in citrus fruit, can be present in its free form or esterified with fatty acids, forming esters. This esterification modifies the compound’s chemical properties, affecting their bioavailability in the human body, and making it important to characterize the native carotenoid composition of food matrices. We aimed to evaluate the non-saponified carotenoid extracts of orange peel (cv. Pera) obtained using alternative green approaches: extraction with ionic liquid (IL), analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and mass spectrometry HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS, and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), followed by supercritical fluid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection (SFC-APCI/QqQ/MS) in an online system. Both alternative green methods were successfully applied, allowing the total identification of five free carotenoids, one apocarotenoid, seven monoesters, and 11 diesters in the extract obtained with IL and analyzed by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS, and nine free carotenoids, six carotenoids esters, 19 apocarotenoids, and eight apo-esters with the SFE-SFC-APCI/QqQ/MS approach, including several free apocarotenoids and apocarotenoid esters identified for the first time in oranges, and particularly in the Pera variety, which could be used as a fruit authenticity parameter.
Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of Hibiscus Leaf Polyphenols against Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-Induced Abnormal Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Proliferation
Authors: Chou Cheng-Chung , Wang Chi-Ping , Chen Jing-Hsien , Lin Hui-Hsuan
Published: December 2019

The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are major events in the development of atherosclerosis following stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines, especially tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Plant-derived polyphenols have attracted considerable attention in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Hibiscus leaf has been showed to inhibit endothelial cell oxidative injury, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and foam cell formation. In this study, we examined the anti-atherosclerotic effect of Hibiscus leaf polyphenols (HLPs) against abnormal VSMC migration and proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, VSMC A7r5 cells pretreated with TNF-α were demonstrated to trigger abnormal proliferation and affect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities. Non-cytotoxic doses of HLPs abolished the TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression and cell migration via inhibiting the protein kinase PKB (also known as Akt)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway. On the other hand, HLP-mediated cell cycle G0/G1 arrest might be exerted by inducing the expressions of p53 and its downstream factors that, in turn, suppress cyclin E/cdk2 activity, preventing retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation and the subsequent dissociation of Rb/E2F complex. HLPs also attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production against TNF-α stimulation. In vivo, HLPs improved atherosclerotic lesions, and abnormal VSMC migration and proliferation. Our data present the first evidence of HLPs as an inhibitor of VSMC dysfunction, and provide a new mechanism for its anti-atherosclerotic activity.
Induction of Antioxidant Protein HO-1 Through Nrf2-ARE Signaling Due to Pteryxin in Peucedanum Japonicum Thunb in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells
Authors: Taira Junsei , Ogi Takayuki
Published: December 2019

This study focused on exploring the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) active compound to avoid oxidative stress related to various diseases, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. The activity of the Nrf2-ARE (antioxidant response element) signaling was evaluated by a reporter assay involving over five hundred various edible medicinal herbs, and the highest Nrf2 activity was found in the ethanol extract of Peucedanum japonicum leaves. The active compound in the extract was isolated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the chemical structure was identical to pteryxin based on 1H, 13C-NMR spectra and liquid chromatography/time-of-fright mass spectrometer (LC/TOF/MS). From the pteryxin, the transcription factor Nrf2 was accumulated in the nucleus and resulted in the expression of the antioxidant protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In addition, the Nrf2 activity involving HO-1 expression due to coumarin derivatives was evaluated together with pteryxin. This suggested that the electrophilicity, due to the α,β-carbonyl and/or substituted acyl groups in the molecule, modulates the cysteine residue in Keap1 via the Michel reaction, at which point the Nrf2 is dissociated from the Keap1. These results suggest that pteryxin will be a useful agent for developing functional foods.
Failure Analysis on a Collapsed Flat Cover of an Adjustable Ballast Tank Used in Deep-Sea Submersibles
Authors: Wang Fang , Wu Mian , Tian Genqi , Jiang Zhe , Zhang Shun , Zhang Jian , Cui Weicheng
Published: December 2019

A flat cover of an adjustable ballast tank made of high-strength maraging steel used in deep-sea submersibles collapsed during the loading process of external pressure in the high-pressure chamber. The pressure was high, which was the trigger of the collapse, but still considerably below the design limit of the adjustable ballast tank. The failure may have been caused by material properties that may be defective, the possible stress concentration resulting from design/processing, or inappropriate installation method. The present paper focuses on the visual inspections of the material inhomogeneity, ultimate cause of the collapse of the flat cover in pressure testing, and finite element analysis. Special attention is paid to the toughness characteristics of the material. The present study demonstrates the importance of material selection for engineering components based on the comprehensive properties of the materials.
Thermo-Optical and Particle Number Size Distribution Characteristics of Smoldering Smoke from Biomass Burning
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Qixing , Xu Xuezhe , Zhao Weixiong , Zhang Yongming , Zhang Weijun
Published: December 2019

Controlled laboratory combustion experiments were conducted in the fire test room to mimic freshly emitted smoldering smoke of biomass burning in China. The biomass components were determined by ultimate analysis and proximate analysis before experiments. The particle number size distribution (PNSD) between 5 and 1000 nm of smoke was measured by a high sampling frequency size spectrometer. A cavity-enhanced aerosol albedometer with wavelength of 532 nm was used to measure scattering coefficients, extinction coefficients, and single scattering albedo (SSA) of smoldering smoke. The PNSDs of smoldering smoke from the burning of agricultural straw could be fitted with a bimodal lognormal distribution as modes around 10 nm (nucleation mode) and 60 nm (Aitken mode). The PNSDs of wood sawdust could be fitted with a trimodal lognormal distribution, while the two modes were in nucleation mode, and one was in Aitken mode. The bulk optical properties (scattering and extinction coefficients) of smoldering smoke had strong correlations with particle number concentrations of sizes bigger than 100 nm. The correlation between SSA and fixed carbon (FC) was strong (the correlation coefficient is 0.89), while the correlation between SSA and volatile matter (VM) or ash was weak. The relationship between SSA and N (or S) showed a positive correlation, while that of SSA and C showed a negative correlation. The relationship between SSA and VM/FC (or N) showed a strong linear relationship (r2 > 0.8). This paper could improve understanding of the relationship between the optical and particle size distribution properties of smoke from biomass burning and the components of biomass materials under similar combustion conditions.
Influence of Laser-Generated Cutting Edges on the Electrical Performance of Large Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells
Authors: Jansen Tobias , Kandula Maja , Hartwig Sven , Hoffmann Louisa , Haselrieder Wolfgang , Dilger Klaus
Published: December 2019

Laser cutting is a promising technology for the singulation of conventional and advanced electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. Even though the continuous development of laser sources, beam guiding, and handling systems enable industrial relevant high cycle times, there are still uncertainties regarding the influence of, for this process, typical cutting edge characteristics on the electrochemical performance. To investigate this issue, conventional anodes and cathodes were cut by a pulsed fiber laser with a central emission wavelength of 1059–1065 nm and a pulse duration of 240 ns. Based on investigations considering the pulse repetition frequency, cutting speed, and line energy, a cell setup of anodes and cathodes with different cutting edge characteristics were selected. The experiments on 9 Ah pouch cells demonstrated that the cutting edge of the cathode had a greater impact on the electrochemical performance than the cutting edge of the anode. Furthermore, the results pointed out that on the cathode side, the contamination through metal spatters, generated by the laser current collector interaction, had the largest impact on the electrochemical performance.
Activation of General Control Nonderepressible-2 Kinase Ameliorates Glucotoxicity in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells, Preserves Their Integrity, and Prevents Mesothelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Eleftheriadis Theodoros , Pissas Georgios , Antoniadi Georgia , Nikolaou Evdokia , Golfinopoulos Spyridon , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Stefanidis Ioannis
Published: December 2019

Along with infections, ultrafiltration failure due to the toxicity of glucose-containing peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions is the Achilles’ heel of PD method. Triggered by the protective effect of general control nonderepressible-2 (GCN-2) kinase activation against high-glucose conditions in other cell types, we evaluated whether the same occurs in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. We activated GCN-2 kinase with halofuginone or tryptophanol, and assessed the impact of this intervention on glucose transporter-1, glucose transporter-3, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-1, glucose influx, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the events that result in glucotoxicity. These involve the inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the diversion of upstream glycolytic products to the aldose pathway (assessed by D-sorbitol), the lipid synthesis pathway (assessed by protein kinase C activity), the hexosamine pathway (determined by O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine-modified proteins), and the advanced glycation end products generation pathway (assessed by methylglyoxal). Then, we examined the production of the profibrotic transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), the pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 (IL-8). Cell apoptosis was assessed by cleaved caspase-3, and mesothelial to mesenchymal transition (MMT) was evaluated by α-smooth muscle actin protein. High-glucose conditions increased glucose transporters, glucose influx, ROS, all the high-glucose-induced harmful pathways, TGF-β1 and IL-8, cell apoptosis, and MMT. Halofuginone and tryptophanol inhibited all of the above high glucose-induced alterations, indicating that activation of GCN-2 kinase ameliorates glucotoxicity in human peritoneal mesothelial cells, preserves their integrity, and prevents MMT. Whether such a strategy could be applied in the clinic to avoid ultrafiltration failure in PD patients remains to be investigated.