bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
U UJI KARAKTERISTIK FISIK PEMBUATAN KARBON AKTIF DARI LIMBAH DAUN NANAS (Ananas comosus) MENGGUNAKAN AKTIVATOR H3PO4
Authors: Sari Melati Ireng , Markasiwi M. Galli , Putri Rizka Wulandari
Published: February 2022

Tanaman nanas (Ananas cosmosus) merupakan tumbuhan tropis dan subtropis yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Meningkatnya produksi tanaman ini berdampak dengan bertambahnya jumlah limbah daun nanas setiap tahunnya. Selama ini, masyarakat hanya memanfaatkan buahnya saja untuk dikonsumsi sedangkan daunnya dibuang dan menjadi limbah. Limbah daun nanas mengandung komponen penyusun berupa selulosa dan lignin sehingga berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi adsorben. Pembuatan karbon aktif dilakukan dengan tahapan dehidrasi, karbonisasi dan aktivasi menggunakan H3PO4 . Karbon aktif yang sudah jadi kemudian dilakukan pengujian kadar air, kadar abu, dan daya serap iodin sesuai SNI 06-3730-1995. Dari pengujian tersebut, diperoleh kadar airnya 0,18% (tanpa aktifasi) dan 6,75% (dengan aktifasi), kadar abu 7,04% (tanpa aktifasi) dan 1,37% (dengan aktifasi), serta daya serap iodin 748,72 mg/gr (tanpa aktifasi) dan 996,2 mg/gr (dengan aktifasi). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa karbon aktif yang dibuat sudah sesuai dengan spesifikasi SNI 06-3730-1995
Effect of Cashflow Management on Financial Performance: Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry in Nigeria
Authors: C.U. Chibuike , A.E. Celestine
Published: February 2022

Cashflow management is vital to the sustenance of the firm’s liquidity and proper cash flow management help the firm to actualize its set out objectives. Therefore, this study examined the effect of cash flow management on financial performance: Evidence from the pharmaceutical industry in Nigeria. The ex post facto research design was adopted for the study with a population of ten (10) listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria as listed by the Nigerian Exchange Group in 2021. Data were retrieved from the annual reports of the selected listed pharmaceutical companies for the period 2011 to 2020. Multiple regression analysis and the Pairwise Granger Causality tests were used to analyze the data gathered with the aid of EViews10 statistical software. The study revealed a positive and insignificant effect of operating activities on liquidity. Also, it revealed a positive and insignificant effect of investing activities on liquidity. And finally, it revealed a negative but significant effect of financing activities on the liquidity of listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. Therefore, it was recommended that listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria should be encouraged to build a reasonable cash flow control strategy that will bring efficiency to the firm, thereby enhancing the firm financial performance. Also, pharmaceutical companies should re-evaluate their cash flow management strategies in order to enable them to generate enough cash sufficient to meet their investing activities.
Physical Properties of Sandcrete-Laterite Blocks
Authors: D.E. Ewa , J.O. Ukpata , E.A. Egbe , G.A. Akeke
Published: February 2022

The incorporation of laterite in sandcrete blocks production is a common commercial practice in Nigeria. However, proper calibrations as per optimal mix proportions of these aggregates to give blocks that meet minimum requirements by various standards are lacking. In this study, a mix ratio of 1:8 (cement: aggregates) and a water-cement ratio of 0.5 was adopted at different percentages of laterite replacing sand. Block sizes of 450 x 225 x 150mm were used. Curing was done for 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. A total of 104 blocks were prepared and tested for density, compressive strength, static modulus, water absorption and thermal conductivity. Results showed a decrease in density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity values with the addition of laterite. On the other hand, the water absorption of sandcrete-laterite blocks increased, as the blocks became more permeable. The decrease in thermal conductivity indicates better insulating properties of the Sandcrete-Laterite Blocks. These blocks will, therefore, reduce the energy requirements in a building. The study recommends an optimal replacement level of 10% of sand with laterite which gave a strength of 1.87N/mm2 and is 6.9% greater than the minimum requirement of 1.75N/mm2 by the Nigerian Building Code for individual blocks.
1995-2019 Yılları Arasında Türkiye’nin Yolsuzluk Düzeyi ile Kurumlar Vergisi Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ACET Hakan , SÖNMEZ Alper , ACAR Mustafa Serdar
Published: February 2022

Kurumlar vergisi, tüzel kişilerden ve sermaye şirketlerinin kurum kazançları üzerinden alınan bir vergidir. Kurumlar vergisinin başlangıcı 1909 yılı olmasına rağmen özellikle Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında bu vergi önem kazanmıştır. Uluslararası Şeffaflık Örgütü, ülkelerin kamu kesiminde algılanan yolsuzluğu 1995 yılından itibaren anketler yardımıyla ölçmekte ve yolsuzluk algılama endeksi olarak yıllık bazda yayınlamaktadır. Endeks ülkelerdeki yoksulluk seviyelerini 2012 yılına kadar 0-10 arasında, 2012 yılı sonrasında ise 0-100 arasında değerlendirmektedir. Ülkelerdeki endeks değerlerinin sıfıra yaklaşması yolsuzluğun arttığı anlamına gelmektedir. Çalışmamızda, Türkiye’nin 1995-2019 yılları arasındaki kurumlar vergisi oranları, kurumlar vergisi gelirleri, kurumlar vergisi gelirlerinin GSYH içindeki payı ile yolsuzluk algılama endeksi arasındaki ilişki, yıllık veriler kullanılarak granger nedensellik analizi yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Ülkemizdeki kurumlar vergisi oranları referans yılları içinde değişiklik göstermesi nedeniyle kurumlar vergisi gelirlerinde ve kurumlar vergisi gelirlerinin GSYH içindeki payında değişikliğe neden olmaktadır. Vergi oranlarındaki değişikliğin bu olumsuz etkisini ortadan kaldırmak amacıyla referans yıllardaki vergi oranlarının ortalaması alınarak kurumlar vergisi gelirleri ve gelirlerin GSYH içindeki payı yeniden hesaplanarak analize dahil edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, değişkenler arasında ilişki olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Lipid Lowering Effects of Herbal Supplements: A Review
Authors: Tan Elizabeth , Faller Erwin
Published: February 2022

As cardiovascular diseases are still a major cause of death in most countries, it is still relevant to look into treatment of such diseases. Dyslipidemia is one of the important identified risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. As this is largely driven by lifestyle and diet, it may be difficult to control it with lifestyle modifications alone. Currently, Statins remains to be the mainstay therapy for dyslipidemia but this is also met by problems within certain patient population. The drug may be contraindicated in certain patient groups; some patients tend to not respond to Statins; while certain patients may not tolerate the adverse events. This study looked into available literature on studies done on dyslipidemia using plant-based formulations using randomized clinical trial. Based on the review conducted, there are several plant-based formations with potential to be similar in efficacy to Statins. Some of the plants used are abundant or may be easily sourced. With the increasing popularity of food supplements or nutraceuticals, exploration on the potential of plant-based products is attractive. Despite the promising results of some studies, these will need further investigations and targeting a larger population size. Formulation options may need to be explored also focused on its stability.
Pharmaceutical care program for Polymedicated elderly patients visiting Community Pharmacies in UAE during COVID-19 Pandemic:
A Study Protocol
Authors: Dawood Bayan S. , Omar Muaed Al , Palaian Subish
Published: February 2022

Background: The profession of pharmacy nowadays is expanding from dispensing medication to evidence-based, patient-centered approach, in which optimizing pharmacologic therapy is the goal. Community pharmacists can optimize the overall quality of care especially in rural populations where people most of the time can’t afford to visit physician. Pharmacist caring of patients is the new pharmacist’s role. Community pharmacist can motivate patients to adhere to their medications. Medication review and patients’ monitoring contribute to resolve serious problems in health care system. Methods: This study involves four phases. Phase one implies training of community pharmacists. Phase two is quantitative and involves baseline evaluation of recruited patients. Phase three is the interventional phase. It is also quantitative and aims to assess the impact of pharmaceutical care service on elderly patients with polypharmacy in three selected pharmacies in Ajman and Sharjah through Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) questionnaire, and Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire for health status, and quality of life. These two questionnaires will be filled by elderly patients first upon signing consent form, before the pharmacist intervention, and in the two interviews following the intervention. Phase four is qualitative and aims to assess the experience of the participating community pharmacists and explore their perception regarding the pharmaceutical care service through focused group discussion. Discussion: This research is the first to be conducted in United Arab Emirates. Therefore, findings will reveal the possibility and preparedness of pharmacists to perform medication review and patients’ monitoring and follow up. Additionally, due to the unusual circumstances of COVID-19 pandemic, innovative ways will be used to perform such service.
Development and Validation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Antibiotics Questionnaire (KAPAQ) for General Community
Authors: Karuniawati Hidayah , Ahmad Hassali Mohamed Azmi , Suryawati Sri , Ismail Wan Ismahanisa , Taufik Taufik , M Mutalazimah
Published: February 2022

Understanding the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards antibiotics with a valid and reliable questionnaire is essential to design an intervention to minimize misuse and overuse of antibiotics in the general community setting. This study aimed to develop and validate knowledge, attitude, and practice towards antibiotics questionnaire (KAPAQ). This study consists of the development and validation phase. The development questionnaire was based on a literature review, early individual interviews, and panel experts. The validation phase consisted of face, content, and construct validity. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) was used to analyze Content validity. Construct validity for attitude and practice was measured using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Item analysis was employed for knowledge evaluation. Reliability was evaluated with internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability. Validity and reliability were assessed using 407 respondents. The final KAPAQ consisted of three domains with 45 items. Items’ difficulty and discrimination index in the knowledge domain was acceptable, with the Cronbach’s α and test-retest reliability being 0.827 and 0.713, respectively. Four factor-solutions emerged for the attitude and practice domain with a cumulative contribution of 59.79% and 58.99%, respectively. The CFA result indicated acceptable fit indices for the proposed model. Every factor in both attitude and practice domain had an acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability range. The KAPAQ was psychometric valid and reliable to assess KAP among the general community towards antibiotics.
Thực trạng và giải pháp cơ bản nhằm góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng cho sinh viên Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp
Authors: Trần Văn Điền , Tiêu Thanh Sang
Published: February 2022

Qua khảo sát 200 sinh viên đang học tập tại Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp về các hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng cho sinh viên trong Nhà trường, chúng tôi tiến hành phân tích số liệu và đánh giá thực trạng các hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng như: Giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng thông qua giảng dạy các môn học về lý luận chính trị; Thông qua hoạt động tuyên truyền, giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng của các tổ chức Đảng và đoàn thể; Thông qua vai trò tiên phong, gương mẫu của đội ngũ giảng viên và thông qua ý thức tự giáo dục, tự rèn luyện đạo đức cách mạng của sinh viên. Từ đó, chúng tôi đề ra các giải pháp cơ bản nhằm góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục đạo đức cách mạng cho sinh viên Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp trong thời gian tới.
Một số đặc điểm về ngữ âm trong thơ trên Báo Văn nghệ Đồng Tháp
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thanh Nguyên , Nguyễn Văn Bản
Published: February 2022

Phối thanh, hiệp vần và nhịp điệu trong sáng tạo thơ ca không chỉ mang lại sự hài hòa trầm bổng cho một tổ hợp ngôn ngữ về mặt ngữ âm mà còn hướng đến mục đích cao hơn là thông qua hình thức đó để biểu hiện nội dung, tư tưởng, tình cảm của tác giả. Các bài thơ trên trang thơ Báo Văn nghệ Đồng Tháp với tập hợp sáng tác của nhiều tác giả thể hiện được sự phong phú, đa dạng về nội dung và hình thức, bày tỏ cảm xúc, tình yêu với quê hương, đất nước, con người, các giá trị văn hóa bản địa… đã góp phần định hướng thẩm mỹ và thị hiếu lành mạnh đến với quần chúng nhân dân.
Lỗi và nguyên tắc sửa lỗi viết câu trong văn bản cho học sinh dân tộc Khmer ở các trường trung học phổ thông trên địa bàn tỉnh An Giang
Authors: Mai Thị Vân
Published: February 2022

Giáo dục tiếng Việt cho học sinh vùng dân tộc thiểu số trong đó có học sinh dân tộc Khmer luôn là một trong những vấn đề được Đảng và Nhà nước đặc biệt coi trọng. Tuy nhiên do một số nguyên nhân nên kết quả dạy học tiếng Việt cho học sinh dân tộc Khmer vẫn chưa đạt được kết quả như mong đợi, nhiều học sinh còn mắc lỗi trong quá trình sử dụng tiếng Việt. Đặc biệt là trong quá trình tạo lập văn bản số lượng học sinh mắc lỗi viết câu rất cao. Vì vậy bài viết sẽ tập trung làm rõ những lỗi viết câu mà học sinh dân tộc Khmer ở các trường Trung học phổ thông trên địa bàn tỉnh An Giang mắc phải trong quá trình tạo lập văn bản thông qua kết quả khảo sát 183 bài kiểm tra. Kết quả khảo sát đã cho thấy trong quá trình tạo lập văn bản học sinh dân tộc Khmer mắc rất nhiều lỗi nhưng chủ yếu là 4 nhóm lỗi đó là lỗi dấu câu, lỗi cấu trúc, lỗi logic và lỗi phong cách. Trên cơ sở đánh giá thực trạng, bài viết đã đưa ra 3 nguyên tắc sửa lỗi câu cho học sinh dân tộc Khmer đó là: Sửa lỗi câu phải nhằm khắc phục được các nguyên nhân chủ yếu của học sinh vùng song ngữ; Sửa lỗi câu phải giúp học sinh biết cách phát hiện lỗi, nhận biết nguyên nhân và cách sửa chữa và sửa câu phải chú ý đặt câu vào đoạn, bài và mục đích của người viết. Tuy bài viết mới chỉ dừng lại ở bước khởi đầu trong một phạm vi hẹp nhưng hy vọng trong một quá trình nghiên cứu khác, chúng tôi sẽ quay trở lại để tìm hiểu và mở rộng hơn vấn đề nghiên cứu, góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả dạy học Tiếng Việt cho học sinh dân tộc Khmer.
Wandering spleen
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel., Potruch Assaf , Haran Arnon ,   Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Published: February 2022

A 25-year-old female presented to our hospital with severe abdominal pain of two days’ duration. A routine obstetric ultrasound several years prior had revealed an enlarged spleen, but she was otherwise healthy and had carried two uneventful pregnancies to term. Physical exam on arrival in the emergency room was notable for a tender mass in the subumbilical region. A CT scan revealed an enlarged and ectopic spleen (A, B) with twisting of its vascular pedicle and numerous venous collaterals adjacent to the splenic vein (A, C – arrows). The patient was admitted to the general surgery department but declined any surgical intervention following symptomatic improvement and was discharged. A so-called wandering spleen is a rare condition thought to be due to laxity of the splenic ligaments. Our patient’s acute presentation was likely due to a self-resolving episode of splenic vessel torsion, with previous episodes likely resulting in congestive splenomegaly
Contralateral lumbar plexopathy after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: A case report
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea., Baek Ki Dong , Bae In Suk ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea., Kang Hee In ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea., Kim Jae Hoon ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea., Jwa Cheolsu ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (MI-TLIF) is an effective treatment for patients with degenerative lumbar spinal disease. This modality was devised to reduce approach-related morbidity and complications of open TLIF. Materials and methods: In this report, we describe a unique case of a 40-year-old woman who developed contralateral lumbar plexopathy one day after the MI-TLIF procedure. Results: Postoperative Computed Tomography (CT) and MRI showed a left L4 transverse process fracture compressing the psoas muscle, and the lumbosacral fascia and erector spinae muscles were displaced forward. We performed fractured left L4 transverse process bone fragment removal to decompress the psoas muscle and correct the original place of the left lumbar fascia and erector spinae muscles. One month after reoperation, the patient had gradual alleviation of pain; leg weakness also recovered enough to enable locomotion. Conclusions: In our case, MI-TLIF relieved lower back and right leg pain. However, the patient developed left radicular leg pain with weakness. There was displacement of the lumbosacral fascia and erector spinae muscles. These problems induced displacement of the psoas muscle with compression, which resulted in lumbar plexopathy. If skin incisions are not enough to carry further down through the subcutaneous tissue and the underlying fascia, displacement of both the left lumbosacral fascia and erector muscles can occur while inserting the pedicle screws. Therefore, it is important to make an incision from the skin to the underlying fascia and surgical corridors to insert the pedicle screws during MI-TLIF. Keywords: transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; plexopathy; pedicle screw.
Predicting mortality rate in ICU admitted COVID-19 patients implementing visual semi-quantitative CT severity scoring system
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Azadbakh SJavid , Akbari Motahare ,   Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical and laboratory features and CT scan (CT intensity score and pleural effusion) associated with COVID-19 pneumonia to evaluate the relationship between CT scan findings and mortality by comparing deceased patients with normal patients. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 290 ICU admitted patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were investigated. Totally, 150 deceased patients (with confirmed COVID-19 related death) were extracted from the COVID-19 registry of the affiliated university hospital belonging to mentioned period of time (in-hospital mortality subgroup, case), and 150 patients who survived the admission course were randomly selected from the same data set (surviving subgroup, control). Available electronic records for each patient were enlisted, including laboratory and clinical information, and their on-admission Computed Tomography (CT) images were reviewed. Mortality-related risk factors were compared between case and control subgroups. Results: The mean age of deceased patients (68.20 ± 16.07) was significantly higher than that of the surviving patients (54.72 ± 19.50) (p<0.001). Diabetes, hypertension, and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) were significantly related with higher mortality rates (62.2%, 58.7%, and 80.4% mortality in diabetic, hypertensive, and CKD patients versus 41.7%, 42.1%, and 35.9% in non-diabetics, normotensives, and patients without CKD). Additionally, the mean on-admission air-room SPO2 level in deceased patients (90%) was significantly lower than that of the survivors (93%) (p = 0.001). Lymphocyte count, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), CReactive Protein (CRP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Fasting Blood Sugar (BS), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), and Creatinine (Cr), mean CT Severity Score (CT-ss), and O2 supportive therapy requirement were significantly higher in the mortality subgroup (p<0.05). Pleural effusion showed no significant correlation with short-term mortality. CTss of >11, in isolation or in combination with above-mentioned prognosticators, was 64% or 81.4% sensitive, and 60% or of 78.6% specific, to predict mortality. Conclusions: Factors such as advanced age, underlying diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and CKD, decreased air-room SPO2 , and increased lymphocyte count, higher NLR, ESR, CRP, LDH, BS, BUN, and Cr level, as well as higher CT-ss and O2 supportive therapy, are all significantly correlated with higher mortality in ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. Keywords: COVID-19; CT scan; CT Severity score; ICU; pneumonia.
Twin anemia polycythemia sequence (TAPS)
Authors:   Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal., Lira Joana , Reis Joana Soares ,   Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal., Costa Conceição ,   Neonatology Unit, Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal., Vinhas da Silva António ,   Neonatology Unit, Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Published: February 2022

A 33-year-old monochorionic twin gravida was subjected to a cesarean section at 31 weeks’ gestation due to preeclampsia. The pregnancy was otherwise uneventful. The first-born infant (Figure 1) was pale, weighed 1095 g and had an AS of 8/9/9; the second-born twin (Figure 2) was plethoric, weighed 1465 g and had an AS of 9/10. Hb values for twin 1 and twin 2 were 5.8 g/dL and 24.9 g/dL and a reticulocyte count of 11.25% and 6.09%, respectively. The anemic infant was hypovolemic requiring two blood transfusions on day 1. A partial volume exchange transfusion was required for the polycythemic twin, since hematocrit increased to 73.7% on day 1 despite IV hydration.
The new institutional economy: ways of renewal and social inequalities
Authors: Abrayeva G.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the research – to determine the ways of renewal and social inequalities in the new institutional economy.

Methodology – historical and causal analysis.

Originality / value. The articulation of external compulsion with internal productive and social dynamics is a common explanation for the existence of open and diverse trajectories of occurrence. Here we show that they are also driven by the sectoral dynamics, the internal transformation of social relations, and the institutional dynamics that accompany the profound structural changes that "emerging" economies undergo.

Findings – systematization of scientists ' opinions on the formation of scientifi c views on the institutional economy and institutions.
Creative industries in developing countries: experience of Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhuparova A. S. , Kozhakhmetova A. K.
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the research. The aim of the study is to identify the characteristics of creative industries in a developing country like Kazakhstan and derive the main obstacles.

Research methodology. In this study, a descriptive analysis of the creative industries in Kazakhstan was carried out on the basis of a qualitative study (interview), in which 84 representatives of the following spheres took part: performing arts (26 %), design (20 %), craft (14 %), software and computer systems (13 %), music (13 %), cinematography (6 %), architecture (3 %), television and radio (2 %), interactive entertainment programs (3 %).

Originality / value of the research. The concept of creative industries is gaining in importance and infl uence in both developed and developing countries. The results of the study are valuable for both academic and political spaces, enriching the literature with theoretical and practical recommendations for improving the development of creative industries.

The results of the study. As a result of the study, codes were identifi ed, united into groups that formed the following categories: business model, motivation, fi nancing, technology, networks, barriers, position of Kazakhstan and COVID-19, according to which a qualitative analysis of domestic creative industries was carried out. As a result, the decoding of each code revealed that the bulk of the industry representatives (38 %) are individual entrepreneurs, 31 % are freelancers, 21 % are LLP representatives; the main source of funding are the representatives of the industry themselves (65 %), lending (17 %) and government support (6 %), which indicates a low involvement of government agencies in the development and support of creative industries. To eliminate barriers to development, it was proposed to increase the level of state involvement in the form of fi nancial and legal support, to establish communications with foreign representatives to exchange experience and improve the qualifi cations of domestic specialists, etc.
O PERFIL DAS PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA ATENDIDAS PELA CASA DO ANDARILHO
Authors: De Oliveira Silva Mauricio , Cardoso dos Santos Alana
Published: February 2022

A organização da sociedade atual sobre a égide capitalista gera diversas desigualdades, dentre elas, há a exclusão de pessoas que passam a não ter direitos básicos e acabam tendo que viver nas ruas, são os andarilhos. O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar o perfil dos usuários da população em situação de rua, atendidos pela Casa do Andarilho, localizada em Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19 e a partir disso conhecer os motivos que levam as pessoas a viverem nas ruas e como estas são conduzidas a se abrigarem nessa instituição. Para coleta de dados, foi utilizado a técnica de análise documental, observação in loco e questionário on-line via Google Forms, contendo 15 perguntas. Por meio da pesquisa foi possível perceber que 80% dos usuários são do sexo masculino, vivem permanentes no abrigo, tem entre 51 a 60 anos, não são todos conquistenses, foram encaminhados pela rede socioassistencial e tem como motivações de serem andarilhos, uso de substâncias ilícitas, distúrbios psíquicos, conflitos familiares e outros. A pesquisa ainda mostrou que o serviço social dentro da instituição desenvolve trabalhos de prevenção à Covid-19 com os usuários, com orientações quanto a lavagem das mãos, uso de máscaras, vacinação e manutenção do distanciamento social. Nota-se a necessidade de pesquisas mais amplas para entender o perfil das pessoas em situação de rua no Brasil, bem como buscar medidas mitigadoras e soluções para essa questão.
The “secret life” of the Statement of Cash Flow: A bibliometric analysis
Authors:   Campus de Somosaguas. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Carretera de Húmera s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223. Spain. – salvaand@ucm.es, de Andrés Fazio Salvador , Urquía Grande Elena ,   Campus de Somosaguas. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Carretera de Húmera s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223. Spain. – eurquiag@ucm.es, Pérez Estébanez Raquel ,   Campus de Somosaguas. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Carretera de Húmera s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223. Spain. – raperez@ucm.es
Published: February 2022

The International Financial Reporting Standard Foundation issued a new Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting. According to this document, the general purpose of financial reporting is to provide financial information about the reporting entity which is useful to existing and potential investors, lenders and other creditors in making decisions related to raise resources for the entity. Focused on the Statement of Cash Flow analysis the main objective of this paper is to provide an overview about how academic researchers have evolved about the usefulness of this Statement. Firstly, we sought to find the best database to perform a bibliometric analysis on the sample identified about the Statement of Cash Flow research. Secondly, we analysed the different stages of the research trends and the main topics. As interesting results of the analysis we can highlight that the clusters in the bibliographic network match with the research lines identified and connections between the papers have been increasing further through networks. The research lines mentioned by the accounting regulators, who issued the cash flow standards, have mostly concluded that the Statement of Cash Flow is useful to fulfill those purposes together with the researchers.
Trends in the explanatory power of factor-based asset pricing models in determining the cost of capital
Authors:   Department of Business Administration. Rey Juan Carlos University. Paseo de los Artilleros s/n, 28032, Madrid (Spain). – ana.alonso@urjc.es, Alonso-Conde Ana B. , Rojo-Suárez Javier ,   a Department of Business Administration. Rey Juan Carlos University. Paseo de los Artilleros s/n, 28032, Madrid (Spain). – javier.rojo@urjc.es
Published: February 2022

The recent research on asset pricing shows that the higher liquidity that results from the globalization of financial markets has significantly reduced the returns tied to many market anomaly-based strategies. However, in general, that research does not evaluate the effects that the mitigation of market anomalies may imply on the performance of the classic asset pricing models. On this basis, in this paper we study to what extent the lower returns provided by market anomaly-based strategies imply better performance of those models. Hence, the main purpose of our study is to compare the performance over time of some of the most prominent asset pricing models, namely, the CAPM and the Fama and French three- and five-factor models, on the European and US equity markets, using return series that cover more than 30 years. Our results show that, although the CAPM is the model with the worst performance in explaining excess returns in all periods both in Europe and US, the model has increased its explanatory power in the recent years principally due to the attenuation of classic market anomalies, such as the size effect or the value effect. Furthermore, our results show that the CAPM correctly prices the three classic Fama and French factors for the years 2006-2021, which explains the best performance of the model for that time interval. Our results have important implications for investment analysis, as well as for determining the cost of capital.
Wiejskie okruchy pandemii – rok drugi przed czwartą falą
Authors: Halamska Maria , Burdyka Konrad , Kalinowski Sławomir , Kubicki Paweł , Michalska Sylwia , Ptak Arkadiusz , Sadłoń Wojciech , Zwęglińska-Gałecka Dominika
Published: February 2022

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki obserwacji (prowadzonej różnymi metodami) społecznych skutków pandemii COVID-19 w wiejskich społecznościach lokalnych w okresie od 1 września 2020 do 31 sierpnia 2021 r., co stanowi kontynuację prezentacji badań skutków pierwszej fali pandemii. Na tym etapie analizy szczególny nacisk położono na egzemplifikację i wyjaśnienie niechętnego czy wręcz wrogiego stosunku do szczepień przeciwcovidowych na wsi i w niektórych regionach. Nie zaniechano jednak uprzednio analizowanych wątków, czyli: funkcjonowania lokalnego systemu władzy w sytuacji centralnych/centralistycznych presji, potencjalnego negatywnego wpływu Kościoła katolickiego na postawy wobec szczepień, zastanawiających skutków dla gospodarki lokalnej, a także zdalnego nauczania z jego nowymi – także moralnymi – problemami. Obserwacje te mogą służyć do rekonstrukcji funkcjonowania „lokalnej społeczności ryzyka”, ukazują też niektóre aspekty funkcjonowania współczesnego społeczeństwa polskiego (np. głębokość podziałów społecznych).
Ampliando a profilaxia pré-exposição na cidade de São Paulo para as populações mais vulnerárias e prioritárias à epidemia de vírus da imunodeficiência humana
Authors: Silva Adriano Queiroz da , Abbate Maria Cristina , Lorena Allan Gomes de , Silva Aline Pilon Maurício da , Oliveira Márcia da Silva , Pinheiro Levi , Rodrigues Susete Menin
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana no município de São Paulo (SP) acompanha a tendência nacional, marcadamente concentrada nos segmentos mais expostos ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids, como gays e outros homens que fazem sexo com homens, pessoas transexuais, profissionais do sexo e pessoas que usam drogas, o que envolve grande complexidade relacionada à exclusão social e diversas violações de direitos. Objetivo: Aumentar o conhecimento das populações mais vulneráveis e prioritárias sobre profilaxia pré-exposição, ampliar a capacidade de atendimento e o número de locais que ofertam a profilaxia, aumentar o número de usuárias/os em uso de profilaxia pré-exposição, sobretudo a população de pessoas transexuais. Métodos: A Coordenadoriade Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/Aids da cidade de São Paulo decidiu implantar primeiramente em serviços da Rede Municipal Especializada em Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/Aids mais afastados do centro da cidade e, pioneiramente, em 2018, também em Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento. Posteriormente, foi ampliado para as 26 unidades da Rede Municipal Especializada e mais 28 unidades de referência de hormonização para pessoas transexuais. Além de maneira precursora, buscou incluir profissionais da enfermagem, farmacêuticas/os e cirurgiãs/ões dentistas como prescritores da profilaxia. Resultados: Até março de 2021, 54 serviços municipais ofertavam profilaxia pré-exposição na cidade de São Paulo e 11.088 pessoas iniciaram o uso da profilaxia, sendo 44% de pessoas negras e 82,6% de homens gays e bissexuais (cis e transgênero). A inclusão de outros profissionais, para além de médicas/os, na prescrição da profilaxia pré-exposição, que já representa 17,4% das dispensações de medicamento de 2020 a abril de 2021. Conclusão: A inserção das unidades de hormonização aumenta a capacidade de inclusão de novas/os usuárias/os, sobretudo às pessoas trans, e a capilaridade dessa estratégia de prevenção no município. O trabalho de educação entre pares também é fundamental para aumentar o conhecimento sobre prevenção combinada e promover a aproximação com os serviços de saúde.
Nível de esperança de vida de gestante que vive com aids e linfoma de Burkitt
Authors: Queiroz Maisa Leitão de , Maia Jéssica Karen de Oliveira , Brito Lívia Karoline Torres , Pereira Livia de Paulo , Santos Vanessa da Frota , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Os antirretrovirais permitem que as pessoas que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana tenham uma vida prolongada, tornando o aids uma doença crônica. Assim, gestantes que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids e com câncer nutrem sentimentos diários aumentados de medo, desesperança, necessitando de intervenções protetivas. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de esperança na vida de gestante que vive com vírus da imunodeficiência humana e linfoma de Burkitt. Métodos: Desenvolveu-se estudo de caso mediante aprovação de um comitê de ética em maio de 2021, intercedido por cuidados de enfermagem a uma gestante hospitalizada em uma maternidade de Fortaleza (CE). Utilizaram-se a anamnese e a Escala de Esperança de Herth para explorar os quesitos da esperança, permitindo intervenções em face da resposta diante de 12 afirmativas da escala que versam sobre: otimismo, planejamento, solidão, enfrentamento das dificuldades, fé, medo do futuro, felicidade, sentir-se forte, dar e receber amor, saber aonde quer ir, valor do dia e da vida. Resultados: A gestante discordou completamente sobre sentir-se sozinha e possuir medo do futuro, mas concordou completamente sobre: sentir-se otimista, possuir planos a longo e curto prazo, enxergar possibilidades diante das dificuldades, ter fé, lembrar-se de tempos felizes e prazerosos, sentir-se forte, sentir-se capaz amar, saber aonde quer chegar, acreditar no valor dos dias e acreditar no valor e utilidade da vida. Portanto, de acordo com os critérios da escala, a gestante nutria esperança na vida. Assim, no bojo da vivência de aids e de um câncer, o seu vivenciar era de otimismo mesmo diante de duas doenças graves. Conclusão: A utilização da Herth balizou o cuidado de enfermagem proporcionando intervenções direcionadas para manter sua motivação e o enfrentamento positivo diante das doenças que vivenciava.
COMBATING PANDEMICS AND SOCIAL INTERACTION ERRORS – MOVIES VERSUS REALITY
Authors: DRĂGOIANU Ioana-Flavia
Published: February 2022

One of the major security threats Humankind was confronted with, along several millennia, was coping with deadly viruses. In such a situation, different means of protection of the population have been ensured – medical discoveries, vaccines, and social interaction obstructions. As the creativity of man knows no bounds, different scenarios have emerged regarding combating disease whilst many scientists have designed layouts of coping with deadly viruses, using different models of infections. The goal of this paper is to analyze some of these models, through the lens of Security Studies and Political Science. Then, the discussion will shift towards social interactions and manipulating the social network. Furthermore, we will apply this model on a few selected movies, critically comparing them to the reality we are facing today. Thereby, the focus shall shift towards four well known movies: Contagion (2011), Outbreak (1995), Quarantine (2008), It comes at Night (2017) and their approach to containing and curing viruses, while also quenching the impeding chaos of dismay.
THE ROLE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND PUBLIC SAFETY FORCES FACING BIOLOGICAL THREAT
Authors: MĂNĂILESCU Iulian-Constantin
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that both state structures and citizens have not been prepared to face up a biological threat. The hesitant way in which, at first, action was taken to limit the spread of the new virus led to the emergence of situations that changed the relationship between the state and the population. The trust of a part of the citizens in the state structures has been altered, especially because of the restrictions imposed to limit the spread of the virus. Those who are in direct contact with citizens and who apply these restrictions are the law enforcement and other forces protecting public order and safety. At present, the countries of the world are in a position to think over some strategy meant to restore the confidence of their population in these forces. This distrust, along with conspiracy theories, endangers national and regional security because it is the ground for the proliferation of populism and extremism. The paper presents the sticking points of the relationship between the citizen and the law enforcement and public safety forces that a strategy at the state and regional level should solve in order to restore a level of trust at which security is ensured.
“LAZARUS” THE NORTH KOREAN HACKER GROUP
Authors: GULYÁS Attila
Published: February 2022

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) is famous for the poverty, destitution and backwardness, however in spite of these negative features it is among the most advanced cyber warfare countries. In the daily news quite often can be read about cyber-attacks against different states, media institutions or banks where the experts assume that the DPRK supported hacker group the “LAZARUS” is behind the attacks. According to the latest news the group in connection with stealing a big amount of crypto currency and money laundering got into the limelight. The state officially denies the existence of the group however cyber analysts and security experts found direct and circumstantial evidences that prove the connection between the North Korean state and the hacker group.
CHALLENGES AND VULNERABILITIES OF EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES AND MIGRATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: MARINESCU Delia-Mihaela
Published: February 2022

Respect for equal opportunities and control of migration are the basis for the development of any democratic society, the magnitude of these phenomena and their importance on the state balance determining an analysis consistent with the very identity of states and the European Union as a whole, especially as they can influence the values and cohesion of a state. The objective of the research is to present the challenges and vulnerabilities identified in relation to equal opportunities and migration from the perspective of education, their impact on the environment, but also the challenges that may arise in the current global context, caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The article starts from the exposition of the importance of equal opportunities and migration in a complex security environment with rapid evolutions and significant implications on multiple levels of social, economic, political and security life, and the main conclusion is that at EU level joint efforts must be made to adopt and respect unitary measures to ensure respect for human rights, in order to ensure security.
NATIONAL LEVEL IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL DIPLOMACY MECHANISMS AND FUNCTIONS BASED ON EU EXPERIENCE
Authors: VEVERA Adrian Victor
Published: February 2022

As information and communication technology has developed, its impact has been felt in many areas, including international relations. In the diplomatic field, changes have not been long in coming, while many European countries pioneering the use of the online environment to promote national interests and achieve foreign policy objectives. In this paper, we aim to highlight the main benefits of developing the field of digital diplomacy, the biases that the process has generated and to argue the urgent need to implement these technologies in Romania, based on existing experience in various EU countries.
SPACE SYSTEMS – A NEW CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR?
Authors: BĂHNĂREANU Cristian
Published: February 2022

In recent years, space capabilities have become increasingly important for the proper function and development of the economy and society and for ensuring security. Space is the newest operating environment for military powers, so decision makers can no longer ignore the benefits of space systems and technologies, but also the risks and threats they may be subjected to. The paper highlights the the growing contribution of all these space systems to the functioning of most critical infrastructure sectors and assesses that they must be an independent sector of such infrastructures that need to be protected.
NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION AND THE CENTRAL BALANCE: STRUCTURAL SCENARIOS
Authors: ZODIAN Mihai Vladimir
Published: February 2022

This paper synthetizes earlier studies and aims to investigate how the nuclear equilibrium between the United States and the Russian Federation may change, because of the process of proliferation. A theoretical perspective combining power transition and rational deterrence theory is used to draw a few scenarios. The main goal is to develop general traits and tendencies, by varying the variable of power distribution and use them to develop a few scenarios.
THE DEGRADATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREE PRESS THROUGH THE PEGASUS SOFTWARE IN THE ERA OF SURVEILLANCE, AS A THREAT TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY. A DEBATE OF CIVIL LIBERTIES AND CENSORSHIP
Authors: PÎRVU Maria
Published: February 2022

The evolution of cyber spying technology presents new and rising dangers; coupled with the easy justification for use of the on-going terrorist crisis these dangers have now become major threats to the international security system. This article aims to provide analysis of these threats, using the new software Pegasus as a focal point of discussion. Developed by the Israeli ‘cyber-warfare’ company ‘NSO’, this spyware signals a danger not only to security but freedom of the press and journalistic integrity. This paper’s focus will centre on how this software is used for censorship rather than to combat terrorism and will examine the social and political ramifications of said use. As highlight, the case of UAE activist Ahmed Mansoor and his contemporaries who were writing against authoritarian governments will be discussed. This article will urge that strict global legislation is needed to stop the abuse of spyware as a tool of censorship.
Characteristics of medical implants 3D-printing
Authors:   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko, Russian Defense Ministry, Moscow, Russia, Budoragin E.S. , Gorshenev V.N. ,   Science Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N.M. Emanuel of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Akopyan V.B. ,   All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia,   Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman, Bambura M.V. ,   Federal Institute of Industrial Property, Moscow, Russia, Budoragin I.E. ,   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko Russian Defense Ministry, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2022

Development of new materials suitable for the formation of implants via 3D-printing, as well as stimulating biological tissues regeneration, is an urgent problem in traumatology, neurosurgery, andrology and urology. The article discusses the possibilities of improving the quality of 3D-printed implants by using paste-like thermoplastic compositions, as well as using ultrasound and a rotating magnetic field to prevent changes in viscosity in extruders for 3D-printers.
Aspects of stem cell autotransplantation treatment in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kostroma I.I. , Sidorova Zh.Yu. ,   Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Semenova N.Yu. ,   Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Stepchenkova E.I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia,   N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Saint Petersburg branch, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Gritsaev S.V. ,   Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology,  Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2022

The effectiveness of multiple myeloma (MM) patients’ treatment is dependent in particular on the depth of response after autologous stem cell transplantation (аutoHSCT). The importance of predictors associated with the quality of response after аutoHSCT is due to the possibility of changing the intensity of some stage of transplantation. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of cases without the improvement of response depth after autoHSCT and to evaluate the distribution of genotype of a number of genes and status of hemopoietic niche cells as a possible predictor of аutoHSCT effectiveness in MM patients. Retrospective analysis of 84 MM patient’s data was carried out. Total number of transplants performed was 112 including 84 first and 28 second transplants. The response was determined according to IWG criteria. Status of hemopoietic niche cells was evaluated by histological, immunohistochemistry and morphometric methods. Improvment of the response depth after the first аutoHSCT was recorded in 29 (54.7%) patients. Similar events were higher in the patients with previous VGPR: 57.9% vs 18.2% in patients with PR; p=0.005. There was no difference in other clinical and hematologic parameters between the groups. After the second аutoHSCT the variant of response did not change in 4 out of 6 patients. The deepening of response occurred significantly more often in cases with more cells localized on endost; p=0.038. The results of bone marrow trepanobiopsy can be considered as predictors of a possible improvement in the quality of response or lack thereof in patients with MM after performing аutoHSCT.