bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response surface optimization of Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sapelli) pulping/delignification using a hybrid organosolv ethanol/soda process
Authors: Nnanga Hubert Justin Guissele , Cheumani Arnaud Maxime Yona , Njungab Emmanuel , Saha Jean-Bosco Tchinda , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Ndikontar Maurice Kor
Published: August 2023

The pulping potential of high lignin-containing tropical hardwoods is not well-reported in the literature. The forestry exploitation of these woods generates high amounts of residue each year of first and second transformations of the woods. This work studied the pulping of Sapelli (Entandrophragma cylindricum) wood species using a hybrid caustic soda solution/ethanol process using the Response Surface Methodology with Central Composite Design. The water/ethanol ratio was fixed at 40/60 (v/v) following preliminary experiments. The three pulping parameters namely temperature, time and alkali charge were chosen as independent variables. The pulp response characteristics were yield, kappa number and cellulose content, as well as the interactions between these pulping parameters. The results of the study and the quadratic equations models equations obtained provided the basis for selecting the optimal conditions of pulping according to the desired pulp characteristics. The generated mathematical relationship showed that the optimal pulping conditions were time 120 min, temperature 180°C and alkali charge 29.95%. The experimental yield, 45.01%, kappa number, 9.6 and cellulose content, 0.4028 g/g of initial wood obtained by applying the optimal conditions were close to the theoretical values generated by the experimental designs. The amount of cellulose in the pulp was also close to the amount of cellulose in the raw wood, showing that the hybrid pulping method caused only a slight degradation of cellulose. The cellulose in optimal pulp was type I cellulose as shown by X-ray diffraction. The optimal pulp was also characterized by Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. Experimental designs can be used to optimize the caustic soda/ethanol pulping of wood to produce only slightly degraded cellulose as an intermediate for various industrial applications.
Albumin versus Balanced Crystalloid for the early resuscitation of sepsis: a randomised feasibility trial. The ABC-Sepsis Trial.
Authors: Gray Alasdair , Oatey Katherine , Grahamslaw Julia , Irvine Sîan , Cafferkey John , Kennel Titouan , Norrie John , Walsh Tim , Lone Nazir , Horner Daniel , Appelbaum Andy , Hall Peter , Skipworth Richard , Bell Derek , Rooney Kevin , Shankar-Hari Manu , Corfield Alasdair
Published: August 2023

Purpose
International guidelines recommend intravenous crystalloid as the primary fluid for sepsis resuscitation, with 5% human albumin solution (HAS) as second line. However, it is unclear which fluid has superior clinical effectiveness. We conducted a feasibility trial comparing 5% HAS with balanced crystalloid in the early resuscitation of adults with sepsis in UK Emergency Departments (EDs), to investigate recruitment metrics and determine clinical event rates to inform subsequent trial design.
Methods
Multicentre, open, parallel-group randomised feasibility trial of adults with sepsis and a NEWS2 ≥ 5 who required intravenous fluids within one hour of randomisation. Main outcomes were recruitment rate and 30-day mortality.
Measurements and Main Results:
We recruited, as planned, 300 participants over 12 months. Mean (standard deviation) age was 69 (± 16) years, and 151 (50%) were male. From 1303 participants; 502 participants were potentially eligible and 300 randomised and received trial intervention. The median number of participants per site was 19 (range 1 to 63); 2.4 participants per site per month. 30-day mortality was 17.9% (n = 53). 31 (21.1%) participants died within 30-days in the 5% HAS arm, compared with 22 (14.8%) participants in the crystalloid arm; adjusted odds ratio 1.50 (95% confidence intervals; 0.84 to 2.83).
Conclusions
The ABC-Sepsis trial demonstrated the feasibility to recruit to a multicentre fluid resuscitation trial in UK EDs with recruitment on target and > 95% of participants receiving the intervention. There was separation in 30-day mortality outcome between arms with balanced crystalloid arm having a non-significantly lower mortality. The reasons for this are unclear.
The Current Situation and Prospect of China's Pension System: A Survey Based on Shenzhen
Authors: Zhong Zhichao
Published: August 2023

China’s pension system has undergone historic changes since the reform and opening up. Pension insurance is one of the most important system in social security and a major social policy for social and economic development. With the aging population, the diversification of employment mode and the development of urbanization, various reasons have affected the implementation of the pension system. Shenzhen is one of the fast-growing cities and is the frontline representative of reform and opening up. 92% of Shenzhen residents participated in the public pension system. This article studies the satisfaction of the pension system from the perspective of the insured and collected 352 valid questionnaires to conduct an empirical analysis, mainly based on the customer satisfaction theory, using the Likert scale method to investigate the satisfaction of Shenzhen residents with the pension system and their attitude towards commercial endowment insurance. The results of this study show that the satisfaction of the pension system is affected by the gender, income and knowledge of the policy content, and the number of children and age will affect people’s intention to purchase commercial pension insurance. How to make overall plans according to the development level of each city and how to give full play to the “insurance” function of the pension system are important issues that must be faced under the economic transformation. This study has important implications for the improvement of China’s pension system, and it can also provide theoretical and empirical basis for future reform of the pension system, especially for the development of China’s commercial pension insurance.
Model of Age-Dependent Dynamics and Biokinetics of T-Cells as Natural Biodosimeters
Authors: Tolstykh Evgenia I. , Vozilova Alexandra V. , Akleyev Alexander V. , Zalyapin Vladimir V.
Published: August 2023

Circulating T-lymphocytes are used as "natural biodosimeters" for estimating radiation doses, since the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced in them is proportional to the accumulated dose. Moreover, stable chromosomal aberrations (translocations) are detected years and decades after exposure. Internal incorporation of radionuclides often leads to non-uniform exposure, which resulted in difficulties in the application of retrospective biodosimetry using T-lymphocytes. Some properties of T-lymphocytes complicate retrospective biodosimetry in this case: (1) the thymic production of T-cells depends significantly on age, the maximum is observed in early childhood; (2) the “lymphocyte-dosimeter” accumulates changes (translocations) while circulating through the body. The objective of this paper is to describe the technical characteristics of the model of age dynamics and T-cell biokinetics and approaches to assessing the dose to circulating lymphocytes under various exposure scenarios. The model allows you to quantify the fractions of T-lymphocytes that were formed before and after exposure. The model takes into account the time fractions that circulating lymphocytes spend in various lymphoid organs. Age-related thymic involution was also considered. The model predicts that after internal exposure to 90Sr, the doses to T-lymphocytes can differ significantly from the doses to the bone marrow and other tissues. For uniform external γ-exposure, and for internal exposure due to non-bone -seeking radionuclides (for example, 144Ce), predicted doses to T-lymphocytes are very close to bone marrow doses. The model allows to quantify the correction factors for FISH-based doses to obtain doses to organs and tissues.
Mohs surgeon workforce survey: A spectrum of clinical, academic, and leadership activities
Authors: Scott Jeffrey F. , Lam Charlene , Ahn Ji Won , Yu Sherry H.
Published: August 2023

Workforce adequacy for Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to describe the current spectrum of clinical, academic, advocacy and leadership activities through a survey of members of the American College of Mohs Surgery (ACMS). The ACMS membership was electronically sent a 43-question anonymous survey between January and May 2023 and there was a 10.7% response rate representing 184 members across 37 states. Nearly 90% are board certified in micrographic dermatologic surgery and 10.3% indicate that they practice in a rural setting (57.1% suburban and 32.6% urban). The median number of half-days surgeons performed Mohs surgery is 6 and nearly half of Mohs surgeons work in a dermatology-only medical group (48.4%), do no use immunohistochemical stains (60.3%), and do not participate in a multidisciplinary tumor board (58.7%). Many respondents indicate they have capacity in their clinical schedules to accommodate more cases and the reasons are multifactorial.
Building Blocks Driven Self-Adaptation in Ant Colony Optimisation
Authors: Gaddam Jyotheesh , Barca Jan Carlo , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Angelova Maia
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of the ant colony optimisation with adaptive building blocks, an approach designed to improve the performance of the ant colony optimisation algorithm by selecting self-adaptive building blocks through Elitist, Roulette, and Hybrid (combination between Elitist and Roulette) selection strategies. Ant colony optimisation's performance is heavily dependent on the selection of its parameters, including the building blocks, which determine the search space.The proposed approach aims to enhance the ant colony optimisation algorithm's performance by adapting the building blocks during the optimisation process, with the goal of improving the exploration and exploitation of the search space. The approach selects the most promising building blocks in a dynamic process based on their performance in previous iterations and updates them accordingly. The proposed algorithm was evaluated using the CEC'2013 benchmark functions, which are commonly used to evaluate optimisation algorithms. The results of the experiments demonstrate that Elitist selection outperformed all other algorithms, including the standard ant colony optimisation, Roulette, and Hybrid. Elitist selection of building blocks showed the best performance in terms of computational time and the number of iterations required to reach the optimal fitness value.
Protective effects of Shensuitongzhi formula on intervertebral disc degeneration via downregulation NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory response
Authors: Ge Qinwen , Wang Xu , Zeng Qinghe , Hu Songfeng , Jin Hongting , Wang Ping-er , Li Ju
Published: August 2023

Low back pain (LBP) is a common orthopedic disease over the world. Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is been regarded as an important cause of LBP. Shensuitongzhi formula (SSTZF) is a drug used in clinical treatment for orthopedic diseases. It has been found that SSTZF can have a good treatment for IDD. But the exact mechanism has not been clarified. The results showed that SSTZF protects against LSI-induced degeneration of cartilage endplates and intervertebral discs. Meanwhile, SSTZF treatment dramatically reduce the expression of inflammatory factor as well as the expression of catabolism protein and upregulate the expression of anabolism protein in LSI-induced mice. In addition, SSTZF delayed the progression of LSI-induced IDD via downregulation the level of NF-κB signaling key gene RELA and phosphorylation of key protein P65 in endplate chondrocytes. Our study has illustrated the treatment as well as the latent mechanism of SSTZF in IDD.
Pan-Cancer Analysis Revealed ITM2A as a Predictive Biomarker of Prognosis and Immunotherapy for Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Hui , Fang Jin , Ruan Rongwei , Yu Jiangping , Wang Shi
Published: August 2023

Immunotherapies including the use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive cellular transfer have revolutionized the efficacy of various malignancies. However, the identification of potential markers in pan-cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain unclear. We evaluated the association of potential T-cell driver genes (TDGs) reported previously with pan-cancer and identified ITM2A was under-expressed in multiple cancers, suggesting a worse prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (LAML), Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM), Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Results of the single-cell analysis showed that ITM2A was significantly concentrated in T cells. Patients with low ITM2A had a worse prognosis, higher tumor stage, and grade, which could be an independent prognostic risk factor in KIRC. The abnormal regulation of ITM2A in KIRC was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Further research suggested that ITM2A was positively correlated with immunomodulators, TIICs, immune checkpoints, TMB, and immune score in KIRC. The aberrant expression of ITM2A could predict the immunotherapy response of ICB in KIRC. In conclusion, as a driver gene of T cells, ITM2A may be a potential prognostic and immunological characteristic for KIRC.
Design of 3D printing osteotomy block for foot based on triply periodic minimal surface
Authors: Xie Haiqiong , Xie Haitao , Xu Wei , Yang Baiyin , Huang Chen , Liao Dongfa , Cui Lin , Xie Meiming
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The advantages of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) lie in their smooth surface and connected hFole height, while the overall structure is precisely controlled by implicit functions. This study was to explore the application of this method in designing and modeling porous structures for 3D printing of foot osteotomy blocks.
Methods: The TPMS for designing porous structures of G (Gyroid) and D (Diamond) structures was determined using Matlab R2020a based on implicit functions. Porous samples were prepared through EBM technology, and mechanical performance data were obtained by conducting mechanical testing on the samples. Comparative analysis was performed to identify the optimal porous structure for designing a bone block implant, and subsequently, the shaping design of the porous osteotomy block was completed based on the determined structure.
Results: The relative density exhibits a negative correlation with the variable parameters, and as the relative density decreased in a porous structure, its volume fraction also decreased. The optimal t values for the porous G and D structures were 0.61, 0.92, 1.22 and 0.49, 0.76, 1 respectively, corresponding to relative densities of 30%, 20%, and 10%. The G structure demonstrated a progressive collapse damage mechanism from bottom to top layer by layer, while the D structure exhibit a shear failure zone at a 45° angle which was not conducive to energy absorption and was more susceptible to brittle fracture compared to the G structure. In terms of stress-strain curve repeatability for porous samples with a unit size of 1.5 mm, the G structure showed strong consistency while there was significant deviation in samples with D structure. Among samples with the same unit size, those with a relative density of 30% in G structure possessed higher mechanical strength as well as larger elastic modulus compared to others. Although samples with a relative density of 20% did not exhibit as high mechanical strength as mentioned above counterparts did have lower elastic modulus and larger porosity rate instead. The designed foot osteotomy blocks can adjust aperture size and porosity rate of beam-like structures by modifying function parameters using aforementioned methods.
Conclusion: The foot osteotomy block's porous structure based on TPMS design, exhibits characteristics such as porosity, smoothness, and connectivity. This makes it an excellent method for preparing 3D printed specimens of foot osteotomy blocks.
Genetic Variability Analysis of Elite Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L) Moench) Genotypes Under Dry Lowland Areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Begna Temesgen
Published: August 2023

Narrow genetic base and lack of potential drought resistant sorghum genotypes are the major limiting factors for sorghum yield improvement under moisture stress areas. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to quantify the genetic variation available among sorghum genotypes for drought tolerance. A total of 42 sorghum genotypes were evaluated using alpha lattice experimental design with two replications at Mieso and Kobo during the cropping season of 2019. The combined analyses of variance revealed the presence of substantial genetic variation among sorghum genotypes for all the studied traits. Among the traits with high genotypic coefficient of variation and heritability estimate, plant height, panicle exersion and panicle yield were linked with higher values of genetic advance as percentage of mean, reflecting the variability of these traits is controlled by additive gene action. The high heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean were obtained for plant height (95.63 and 45.39%), 1000 seed weight (77.98 and 23.86%), panicle exertion (74.87 and 51.88%), and panicle yield (65.43 and 37.32%) in the same order. The maximum grain yield was obtained from a hybrid 4x14 (6.32 tha− 1) followed by hybrid 8x15(5.92 tha− 1), 1x15 (5.88 tha− 1), 13x14 (5.78 tha− 1) and 6x15 (5.57 tha− 1) with the average value of 5.00 tha− 1 which had higher mean value than the mean of the parents and the check (ESH-4). In general, this study showed the existence of genetic variability in sorghum genotypes for different traits grown under moisture stress condition, providing opportunity to select several promising genotypes with key traits to drought tolerance.
An Ultra-wideband Antenna for Future mm-Wave Applications
Authors: Masood Asad , Nizam-Uddin N.
Published: August 2023

This paper introduces a planar ultra-wideband microstrip antenna tailored for millimeter-wave applications. The antenna effectively spans a considerable frequency range from 33.4 to 89.4 GHz. According to simulations, the antenna achieves a peak radiation efficiency of 88 percent, accompanied by a maximum gain of 7 dBi. The antenna design boasts a return loss that remains consistently below -10 dB. The antenna's architecture employs two vertical stubs, strategically employed to regulate the accessible bandwidth. Through optimization of the antenna structure, an impressive bandwidth of 56 GHz can be attained at maximum. The outcomes of the study indicate that the proposed antenna is excellently suited for various millimeter-wave applications, including Ka-band utilization (33.4-36 GHz), 5G cellular communication (33.4-39 GHz), IEEE 802.11ad high-speed wireless systems at 60 GHz, as well as the 57-66 GHz spectrum designated for IEEE 802.15 wireless personal area networks (WPANs).
Flexible Job shop Scheduling with the Parallelized Cuckoo Search Optimisation algorithm
Authors: Gupta Swati
Published: August 2023

A well-known combinatorial optimization problem known as the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) often arises in engineering The complexity of the problem is complicated by the number of calculations required to find the optimal answer. In this work, we propose to use a parallel version of the Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) to solve the FJSP. Because parrots often lay their eggs in other birds’ nests, COA is a meta-heuristic optimization strategy. To increase speed, the proposed parallelized COA algorithm uses OpenMP to divide the computing workload among multiple processors. Benchmark examples taken from the literature are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that, in terms of solution quality and computation time, the proposed method outperforms the current state-of-the-art methods
Sustainable commodity sourcing requires measuring and governing land use change at multiple scales
Authors: zu Ermgassen Erasmus , Renier Cécile , Carvalho Tomás , Garcia Andrea , Meyfroidt Patrick
Published: August 2023

Agricultural expansion is the driver of more than 90% of deforestation across the tropics, a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Thankfully, a number of new initiatives are emerging to both tackle deforestation and include it within the greenhouse gas emissions reporting of major importers and food companies. In May 2023, for example, the European Union approved a landmark due-diligence regulation on imported deforestation, and the World Business Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD) is currently developing a harmonized approach for calculating scope 3 (i.e. supply chain) emissions, which includes emissions from deforestation and other land use change. These initiatives are critically important because they are agenda-setting, defining for years-to-come what success looks like for governments’ and companies’ efforts to reduce deforestation and carbon emissions.
Unfortunately, we believe that both these initiatives are making a fundamental yet avoidable mistake which risks undermining their effectiveness in addressing deforestation. Namely, both initiatives monitor compliance and success exclusively at the farm-scale. In this Opinions article, we pull together insights from the literature on land systems science and supply chain governance, and newly published data from Brazil from the Mapbiomas initiative, to make the case that in order to be successful, these initiatives must monitor compliance and success across multiple scales simultaneously, from farms to landscapes and administrative units.
Phenotyping wild potatoes (Solanum Sect. Petota) for photosynthesis associated traits under heat stress.
Authors: Bashir Ikram , Nicolao Rodrigo , Barros Willian Silva , Haerter Janni André , de Brito Giovani Greigh , Castro Caroline Marques , Heiden Gustavo
Published: August 2023

Heat stress is one of the major factors reducing potato yield by limiting the plant photosynthesis activity, production and partitioning of assimilates to the sink. Potato wild relatives (Solanum sect. Petota) are a natural reservoir of valuable traits for abiotic stress resistance. However, it is necessary to assess the response of wild potato genotypes based on physiological features such as gas exchange, chlorophyll index and chlorophyll fluorescence that are promising candidates to improve crop photosynthesis under adverse conditions. Multivariate approaches on two factor experimental design were used to select the best performing genotypes for most important traits influencing the photosynthetic activity under control and heat stress treatments. The most important traits to be focused on are net photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and stomatal conductance along with effective photochemical yield of PSII, Coefficient of photochemical yield of PSII, electron transport rate and Fv/Fm ratio which are highly associated with heat stress conditions. Solanum commersonii accessions (BGB003, BGB009) are more likely to be tolerant to heat stress, followed by S. tuberosum 2x (BGB091, BGB093) and S. chacoense (BGB101). The assessment of wild accessions for photosynthetic traits under heat stress is a reliable way to discriminate the most promising sources of abiotic stress resistance even though they have unreliable tuber traits for the breeding of the potato crop.
Fotoinitatörlerin Absorbsiyon Spektrumları ve Karşılaştırılmalarının Grafiksel İncelemesi
Authors: BAL Hatun , YAZİCİOGLU Oktay , ERDİLEK Dina
Published: August 2023

Işıkla polimerize olan restoratif materyallerin diş hekimliğinde yer edinmesiyle birlikte kullanılan ışık kaynaklarının da önemi artmıştır. Reçine esaslı kompozitler, reçine modifiye cam iyonomer simanlar, kompomerler, fissür örtücüler, geçici dolgu materyalleri ve sayamadığımız birçok restoratif materyalin polimerizasyonu ışık ile sağlanmaktadır. Polimerizasyonun başlaması için bir başlatıcıya ihtiyaç vardır. Bu başlatıcıya fotoinitatör denir ve bu fotoinitatörlerin aktivasyonu için de ışık kaynağı gereklidir. Kullanılan ışık kaynağının fotoinitatörlerin absorbsiyon spekturumuna uygun olması gerekmektedir. Aksi takdirde spektral uyumsuzluk meydana gelecek ve bu uyumsuzluk durumunda yeterli düzeyde aktifleşemeyen fotoinitatörler polimerizasyon sürecini tam olarak gerçekleştiremeyecektir. Bu bağlamda diş hekimlerinin kullandıkları malzemelerin içeriklerine dikkat etmeleri, üreticilerin de malzemelerine dâhil ettikleri başlatıcıları belirtmeleri oldukça önemlidir. Çünkü polimerizasyon eksikliği, yapılan restorasyonun klinik başarısını olumsuz yönde etkiler. Yetersiz polimerizasyon aşınma direncinin düşük olmasına ve restorasyonun zayıf mekaniksel özellikler göstermesine neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca monomer yapının polimer yapıya dönüşümünün tam olarak gerçekleşememesi ile birlikte artık monomer miktarında belirgin bir artışın meydana gelmesi pulpa dokusu üzerinde toksik etkilerin oluşmasına sebep olabilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmamızda polimerizasyon sürecinden ve bu sürecin başlamasını sağlayan fotoinitatörlerden bahsedilecektir. Günümüz dolgu materyalleri içerisinde sıklıkla ihtiva eden başlatıcılardan olan kamforokinon, TPO (2,4,6-Trimethyl benzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide), PPD (1-fenil-1,2-propandion) ve son zamanlarda yeni çıkan ve bazı ürünlerde bulunan Ivocerin®’in özellikleri anlatılacaktır. Bu fotoinitatörlerin absorbsiyon spektrumları ile tek ve çift pikli LED (light-emitting diode) ışık cihazlarının spektral aralıkları karşılaştırılıp, grafiksel olarak gösterilecektir.
Scavenger gastropod devouring a common lamellibranch bivalve in an estuary of Northeast Brazil
Authors: Abreu Evandro Cosmo Tomaz , Lima Silvio Felipe Barbosa
Published: August 2023

Nassaridae Iredale, 1916 (1835) is one of the main groups of scavenger neogastropods that usually live in a gregarious manner on soft and rocky substrates mainly of estuarine ecosystems in the seas and oceans of the World. The aim of this paper was to describe Phrontis polygonata (Lamarck, 1822) feeding on the carrion of the lamellibranch bivalve Anomalocardia flexuosa (Linnaeus, 1767) in an estuarine region of Northeast Brazil. A total of 27 adult individuals of P. polygonata were observed actively crawling on and around the venerid attempting to feed on its tissue. During the observation period, the proboscis of the nassarids could only reach the mantle margin of A. flexuosa due to the narrow spacing of the valves. This study reaffirms the ecological relevance of P. polygonata associated with the consumption of bivalve carrion in shallow estuarine waters of the Western Atlantic.
Influência de aditivos na geração de biogás proveniente da degradação de resíduos sólidos urbanos: revisão sistemática
Authors: Bezerra Ana Leticia Ramos , Araújo Neto Cláudio Luis de , Monteiro Veruschka Escarião Dessoles , Melo Márcio Camargo de
Published: August 2023

A geração de biogás em aterros sanitários é afetada por diversas variáveis responsáveis por comprometer o desenvolvimento de microrganismos promotores da decomposição anaeróbia dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. Para garantir a eficiência desse processo é preciso ter atenção aos parâmetros que necessitam estar em equilíbrio. Nessa perspectiva, a utilização de aditivos surge como uma alternativa a ser empregada com a finalidade de acelerar a decomposição da matéria orgânica, otimizando assim o processo de geração do biogás. Este artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca dos aditivos que podem potencializar a produção do biogás gerado pela decomposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos em aterros sanitários. O levantamento bibliográficofoi realizado utilizando busca por palavras-chave nas bases de dados do Google Acadêmico e Scopus. Por meio de critérios estabelecidos para inclusão ou exclusão dos trabalhos encontrados, os trabalhos afins a pergunta de pesquisa foram selecionados e analisados criticamente. Como resultado das buscas e leitura, na etapa de sintetização dos trabalhos a serem incluídos na revisão, totalizou-se a seleção de 17 trabalhos. Foram identificadas as informações mais relevantes e sintetizados os principais resultados obtidos. De modo geral, todos os estudos que utilizaram algum tipo de biocarvão como aditivo obtiveram bons resultados. Por outro lado, os dois estudos que aplicaram nanopartículas de prata não alcançaram bons resultados. A utilização de lodo de esgoto como aditivo mostrou diminuição da produção do biogás em um trabalho, enquanto outros dois observaram melhorias. Outros aditivos, como a fração orgânica dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, escória, cinza volante, glicerina, celulase misturada com lixiviado, fenanzina sintética, esterco de vaca e óxido de grafeno reduzido, mostraram-se promissores quanto à otimização da geração de biogás. Constatou-se que não é possível realizar uma comparação do desempenho dos aditivos de forma direta, tendo em vista que os fatores intervenientes dos diferentes sistemas de digestão anaeróbica não são os mesmos. Esse artigo mostrou que uma revisão sistemática é capaz de contribuir na atualização do conhecimento científico do assunto objeto de estudo, podendo ser utilizada para direcionar a realização de novas pesquisas e experimentos.
Perishable inventory management in manufacturing during logistics disruptions
Authors:   Graduate School of Business, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Ipateva Irina A.
Published: August 2023

Goal: to analyze the features of the perishable raw materials management at a manufacturing enterprise, determine the key factors affecting the inventory management efficiency and, in accordance with them, adapt the classical model for determining the optimal delivery batch. Methodology: an empirical study of the factors was carried out using a critical analysis of the scientific literature; model formalization was implemented using mathematical methods for modeling rational systems in accordance with the algorithm for formulating optimization models, converted for perishable raw materials. Findings: key themes of model modifications for manufacturing enterprises were identified; the required model is formulated; a numerical experiment was carried out and the sensitivity of the model parameters was revealed, the results of which can be applied to improve inventory management strategies in other sectors of the national economy. Originality and contribution of the author: for the first time in Russia, this study presents an adapted model for determining the optimal delivery lot, which simultaneously takes into account such parameters as the susceptibility of the stock to quality deterioration processes, the likelihood of failures and breakdowns at the supply stage, the possibility of shortages under scenarios with delayed full or partial satisfaction, as well as with the application of the strategy of acceptance of this risk by the enterprise.
COMMUNICATION PECULIARITIES OF POLITIZED COMMUNITIES IN RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE TELEGRAM CHANNELS
Authors:   Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Popova Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of the features of political communication in the Telegram Russian-speaking political communities. Popular Russian-language political Telegram channels with a stable audience have been analyzed. When conducting the study, the case study method was used. The author proves that the traditional five-component model of political communication, developed by G. Lasswell in the 1940s, is preserved in online network communication. The author takes the position that political online communication, having received some new and strengthened the traditional characteristics of offline political communication, cannot be considered something radically different and fundamentally new. An author's typology of politicized telegram channels is proposed in terms of the dominant expert or manipulative function, the positioning model of the channel's authorship, and also taking into account such criteria as the style of the message, the presence / absence of feedback, the format of communication between the audience and the author of the posts. It is shown that the “one to many” communication model is of limited use in the Telegram messenger. Strategies for constructing the information part of telegram-channel messages are revealed. Additional metrics have been introduced to measure "digital creolized political content". The consequences of changing the paradigm adopted in the classical model of political informing the audience and strengthening such characteristics as text manipulativeness, emotiveness, expressiveness, illogicality / incoherence, ideological, syncretism, emotional pathos, eccentricity, rhetorical simplicity, efficiency, gamification of information, interactivity, instantaneous criticism, immediacy of comments. Examples of the use in popular politicized Internet channels of such techniques as "digital demagoguery", reduced speech style, theatricalization, scenario performances, manipulative creativity, the use of images of fake characters, clickbaiting are given.
CROSS-PLATFORM FACTOR IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Martyanov Denis , Lukyanova Galina ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the transformation of online communication in connection with the transition from platforms based on Web 2.0 technology to “non-Web” platforms. The phenomenon of “the death of the Web” and the dynamics of trends in the development of online communication are considered. We have chosen the discourse of politicized virtual communities of the Vk.com social network and the Telegram messenger in the context of a special military operation as a case for empirical research. In this paper we analyze the technological aspects of online media transformation and the cyberbalkanization factor. Based on the theory of M. McLuhan, we highlight the media, institutional, audience, community and discursive factors in the formation of cybercommunication as components of the analysis of cross-network influence on the Internet discourse. The media factor is associated with media technology, the institutional discourse sets the context of the “rules of communication”, the audience factor is associated with the socio-demographic specifics of Internet content consumption, the community factor involves the choice of a homogeneous or heterogeneous type of communication, and the discursive factor determines the ideological framework for discussions of political issues. We apply lexical diversity analysis and cluster analysis for the Vk.com and Telegram communities. The results of this study show a greater lexical diversity of the social network Vk.com. The features of political communication on these platforms in the conditions of special military operation are revealed. Thematically opposed clusters of cyberdiscourse are highlighted. Assumptions about the cluster distribution factors are made. A discourse analysis of the comments of more than 100 virtual communities was made and conclusions were drawn about the homogeneity and dialogic nature of the discourse, the identity of the audience of virtual communities. The specificity of identifying political “enemies” in the context of cross-platform analysis is revealed. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects for research on this topic.
RUSSIANS AS A «STATE-FORMING PEOPLЕ» OR «STATE-FORMING PEOPLE» AS RUSSIANS (Response to the article by V.A. Achkasova “Why do Russians need the status of a “state-forming people?”)
Authors:   Federal Potato Research Center named after A.G. Lorch, Arshin Konstantin
Published: August 2023

The article disputes the point of view that the introduction of the term state-forming people into Article 68 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation is a legal nonsense and has only the consequence that it irritates the ethnocratic elites of the national republics that are part of Russia. From the author's point of view, the Russians have never asserted themselves as a state-forming people. The culture of the Russian people was inclusive, which allowed it to include the most important elements of the culture of other peoples. Slogan "Russia for the Russians", popular among modern Russian nationalists and nationalists of the early 20th century, turns out to be borrowed, and its initial understanding was associated with the assertion of the need for Russia's development and as a reaction (!) to the actions of the ethnocratic elites of the outlying territories of the country. In Soviet times, it was the Russians who brought a lot of good to the peoples of the RSFSR and the union republics. An analysis of the current state in terms of the formation of the Russian nation has shown that, according to sociological studies, it is regions (where Russians are the majority) who are more positive about the idea of the Russian nation and are ready to form it. On the contrary, residents of national republics are more inclined to emphasize their regional identities to the detriment of their general civic identity. The author agrees with a number of political scientists who argue that the basis of the nation is the development of civil society, and only if a developed civil society appears in Russia, the project of a general civil Russian nation can be successfully implemented.
‘TESTAMENTUM PESTIS TEMPORE CONDITUM’
Authors: Sobczyk Marek
Published: August 2023

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest szczególnej formie testamentu uznanej w konstytucji Dioklecjana i Maksymiana w 290 r. (C. 6,23,8), nazywanej tradycyjnie testamentum pestis tempore conditum. Była to złagodzona co do wymogów forma testamentu, stosowana jedynie w czasie zarazy i mająca na względzie niebezpieczeństwo zarażenia się i związaną z tym obawę świadków testamentowych oraz dotykające testatora trudności w sporządzeniu testamentu. Uwagi na jej temat poprzedzam syntetyczną prezentacją zwyczajnych form testamentu znanych prawu rzymskiego, gdyż analizowana forma szczególna była tylko złagodzoną postacią zwyczajnej.

Stawiam dwa zasadnicze problemy: w jakich okolicznościach testamentum pestis tempore conditum było dopuszczalne i na czym polegało odstępstwo od zwyczajnej formy testamentu. Analizie poddaję terminy casus maior, morbo oppresso, morbo oppressos i iungi atque sociari. Niestety zwięzła treść reskryptu uniemożliwia precyzyjną i jednoznaczną odpowiedź na powyższe pytania.

W mojej ocenie testamentum pestis tempore conditum było stosowane, gdy dotknięty chorobą zakaźną testator sporządzał testament, przebywając w miejscowości, w której panowała zaraza o takim rozmiarach, które pozwalały uznać ją za siłę wyższą. Nie wystarczał tu zaś stan epidemii jako taki ani też choroba potencjalnego świadka testamentu, jeżeli testator pozostawał zdrowy. Złagodzenie wymogów formalnych testamentu polegało na tym, że świadkowie nie musieli składać swych pieczęci w bliskim kontakcie z chorym testatorem, jednakże czynność ta musiała odbyć się w obecności testatora, choć w pewnym dystansie od niego. Nie przekonują mnie zaś propozycje wykładni zakładające brak jakiejkolwiek styczności testatora ze świadkami podczas czynności sporządzania testamentu, zwłaszcza przyjmujące, że świadkowie składali swoje pieczęcie pod nieobecność testatora.
KOLUMNY W INSYGNIACH ‘NOTITIA DIGNITATUM’?
Authors: Wiewiorowski Jacek
Published: August 2023

Tekst analizuje znaczenie wyobrażenia kolumn w insygniach późnorzymskiego dowódcy wojskowego comes limitis Aegypti, zachowanych w Notitia dignitatum pars Orientis 28. Wszystkie zachowane wersje rejestru, sporządzonego około 400 r. i uzupełnianego najdalej do lat trzydziestych V w., są kopiami zaginionego prawie w całości manuskryptu Codex Spirensis z czasów karolińskich. W tekście uwzględniono wszystkie wersje insygniów komesa Egiptu, zachowane w kopiach pierwotnych tego kodeksu. Insygnia Notitia dignitatum wizualizują kompetencje dygnitarzy późnorzymskich i ich pozycję w ramach administracji imperium późnorzymskiego. Insygnia comes limitis Aegypti są wyjątkowe, gdyż jako jedyne w Notitia dignitatum zawierają wyobrażenia signa militaria jednostek wojskowych. Umieszczone one zostały na kolumnach wzniesionych nad wyobrażeniami ‘fortów’, symbolizującymi najważniejsze jednostki armii rzymskiej podległe comes limitis Aegypti. Autor wnioskuje, że zamieszczenie wyobrażeń kolumn, szczególnie dokładnie przedstawionych w części kopii, było konsekwencją niezrozumienia symboliki signa militaria przez ilustratorów kopii Codex Spirensis. W konsekwencji wyobrażenie kolumn w insygniach comes limitis Aegypti należy traktować jako pozbawiony znaczenia element dekoracyjny
SŁOWA Z KSIĘGI MESSALI AUGURA, W KTÓRYCH UCZY, KIM SĄ NIŻSI URZĘDNICY ORAZ ŻE KONSULOWIE I PRETORZY SĄ KOLEGAMI, A TAKŻE O INNYCH SPRAWACH DOTYCZĄCYCH AUSPICJÓW AULUS GELLIUS, ‘NOCE ATTYCKIE’ 13,15 TEKST – TŁUMACZENIE – KOMENTARZ
Authors: Tarwacka Anna
Published: August 2023

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JURYŚCI JAKO KONSULTANCI WŁADZ W ŚREDNIOWIECZNYCH KOMUNACH WŁOSKICH
Authors: Szymańska Aleksandra
Published: August 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest rola, jaką pełnili prawnicy w średniowiecznych miastach Italii, ich aktywność zawodowa oraz polityczna. Szczególny nacisk został położony na ich działalność interpretacyjną, doradczą oraz sporządzanie consilia dla urzędników komunalnych. Juryści wydawali oficjalne opinie prawne zarówno w sprawach sądowych administracyjnych, jak i politycznych. Ich porady były  wykorzystywane do rozwiązywania problemów wynikających między innymi ze sprzecznych przepisów prawa statutowego oraz z ciągłych ich zmian, będących skutkiem rywalizacji pomiędzy instytucjami.
POSTĘPOWANIE NAKAZOWE Z WEKSLA KONSUMENCKIEGO. KRYTYCZNE UWAGI O ART. 485 § 2 K.P.C. PO NOWELIZACJI Z 2021 R.
Authors: Krupowicz Bartłomiej
Published: August 2023

Postępowanie nakazowe na podstawie weksla było niegdyś traktowane jako postępowanie wekslowe. Stanowiło użyteczne, efektywne i skuteczne narzędzie, które mogło pomóc wierzycielowi w skutecznym wyegzekwowaniu przysługującego mu roszczenia i w ten sposób uzyskać efektywną ochronę prawną. Niestety, ostatnia nowelizacja art. 485 § 2 k.p.c. zmieniła model tego postępowania odrębnego. Zdaniem autora nie można już mówić o postępowaniu wekslowym, gdy pozwanym jest konsument (w rozumieniu dyrektywy 93/13/EWG), zaś powodem jest przedsiębiorca. Co więcej, wspomniana nowelizacja wywołuje wiele wątpliwości natury procesowej i materialnoprawnej, które trudno jest jednoznacznie rozwiązać. Prezentowany artykuł nie tylko stanowi krytykę nowelizacji, lecz także dąży do znalezienia prawidłowej interpretacji nowych przepisów.
Novel Invasive Methods as the Third Pillar for the Treatment of Essential
Uncontrolled Hypertension
Authors: Tsioufis Panagiotis-Anastasios , Theofilis Panagiotis , Vlachakis Panayotis K. , Dimitriadis Kyriakos , Tousoulis Dimitris , Tsioufis Konstantinos
Published: August 2023

Pharmacologic therapies remain the treatment of choice for patients with essential hypertension, as
endorsed by international guidelines. However, several cases warrant additional modalities, such as invasive antihypertensive
therapeutics. The major target of these interventions is the modulation of the sympathetic nervous
system, which is a common pathophysiologic mechanism in essential hypertension. In this narrative review,
we elaborate on the role of invasive antihypertensive treatments with a focus on renal denervation, stressing
their potential as well as the drawbacks that prevent their widespread implementation in everyday clinical
practice. In the field of renal denervation, several trials have shown significant and sustained reductions in the
level of office and ambulatory blood pressure, regardless of the type of energy that was used (radiofrequency or
ultrasound). Critically, renal denervation is considered a safe intervention, as evidenced by follow-up data from
large clinical trials. Baroreflex activation therapy may result in enhanced parasympathetic nervous system activation,
thus lowering blood pressure levels. Along the same lines, carotid body ablation could also produce a
significant antihypertensive effect, which has not been tested in appropriately designed randomized trials. Moreover,
cardiac neuromodulation therapy could prove efficacious by altering the duration of the atrioventricular interval
in order to regulate the preload of the left ventricle and, therefore, lower blood pressure.
WITHDRAWN: Exploration of Virtually Designed and Developed Thiadiazole Derivatives as ULK1/2 Inhibitors: In silico Approach
Authors: N Noolvi Malleshappa , Salim Sidat Parin , Rathod Sanket , Patil Rahul , Choudhari3 Prafulla , Wagh Raj , Beldar Vishal
Published: August 2023

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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The Effect of Coronavirus Pandemic on the Treatment of Gynecological
and Breast Cancers
Authors: Momenimovahed Zohre , Allahqoli Leila , Salehiniya Hamid
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, various groups, including women with cancer, were affected as a high-risk group in terms of disease diagnosis and treatment. Despite the importance of therapeutic changes in cancers, such as breast and gynecological cancer, there is no comprehensive study in this regard that also refers to the coronavirus. The need for a deep understanding of the impact of coronavirus on the treatment plan of this group of patients caused the researcher to design and implement this study that aims to investigate the treatment challenge among cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and methods:

To answer the study question, a comprehensive search was carried out in databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and Scopus, using keywords, including cancer, gynecologic cancer, breast cancer, treatment, delay, and modification. Full-texted, English language and original articles were included in this study.

Results:

In total, 27 articles were selected for the study. The findings of this study revealed that COVID-19 greatly affects the treatment of gynecology and breast cancer. These patients experience delay or modification of cancer treatment. Increased time between diagnosis and treatment, delay, change or cancellation of surgery and change in treatment plan are the most important changes in cancer treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on various aspects of gynecology and breast cancer care worldwide. In the current pandemic, there has been a significant delay in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological and breast cancer, which, due to its higher morbidity and mortality, has made the condition more difficult for cancer patients and treatment teams.