bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quark stars in 4-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Singh Ksh. Newton , Maurya S. K. , Dutta Abhisek , Rahaman Farook , Aktar Somi
Published: October 2021

The article explores the first exact solution in a four-dimensional EGB-gravity with an anisotropic matter source. The solution has been found by two assumptions, a metric potential and the MIT-bag equation of state. Further, the solution has been tested with several physical constraints. Finally, using the boundary condition we have also estimated the range of bag constant $$\mathcal {B}$$
B
by varying the mass of the structure and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant $$\alpha $$
α
. This allows us to check the physical viability of the solution by comparing it with the existing accepted range of bag constant $$\mathcal {B}$$
B
.
Comparison of selected general-purpose event generators for particle fluence simulation in LHC silicon trackers
Authors: Oblakowska-Mucha Agnieszka , Szumlak Tomasz
Published: October 2021

At the LHC era, the detector systems are operating at the harsh hadronic environment with the unprecedentedly high particle flux. Position-sensitive silicon devices are usually positioned at the innermost regions of the experimental setups and must cope with highly non-uniform radiation fields. At the end of LHC Run 2, fluence in silicon trackers reached 10$$^{15}$$

15

n$$_{\mathrm{eq}}$$

eq

/cm$$^2$$

2

. Initial simulation studies predict that the maximal fluence for the HL-LHC may be up to two orders of magnitude higher than the one seen in LHC Run 1 and Run 2. In this paper, two general-purpose physics event generators used for simulation of proton–proton collisions for the radiation damage studies at LHC energies: PYTHIA 8.2 and Dpmjet-III are compared. Fluences obtained using these models, with the latest tuning to the LHC data, in detectors situated close to the proton–proton interaction point are determined as well. We also indicate a potential new method for actual fluence estimation using experiment real-time data monitoring system.
Development of novel kinetic energy functional for orbital-free density functional theory applications
Authors: Urso Vittoria
Published: October 2021

The development of novel Kinetic Energy (KE) functionals is an important topic in density functional theory (DFT). In particular, this happens by means of an analysis with newly developed benchmark sets. Here, I present a study of Laplacian-level kinetic energy functionals applied to metallic nanosystems. The nanoparticles are modeled using jellium sph eres of different sizes, background densities, and number of electrons. The ability of different functionals to reproduce the correct kinetic energy density and potential of various nanoparticles is investigated and analyzed in terms of semilocal descriptors. Most semilocal KE functionals are based on modifications of the second-order gradient expansion GE2 or GE4. I find that the Laplacian contribute is fundamental for the description of the energy and the potential of nanoparticles.
THE COST EFFICIENCY OF CAMBODIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS
Authors: AIBA DAIJU , HIDENOBU OKUDA
Published: October 2021

The Cambodian banking sector has rapidly expanded in recent decades, although there are concerns about the performance of Cambodian banks and the country’s banking sector. A paucity of empirical evidence to clarify the real issues in the banking sector also makes it difficult to formulate effective policy measures to address any potential problems. This study provides empirical evidence by estimating the cost function and efficiencies of 34 commercial banks over the period from 2012 to 2015. We find that the average cost efficiency scores range from 0.60 when measuring bank outputs as loan and deposit amounts, and 0.77 when measuring bank outputs as interest and non-interest income, suggesting that if they are operated more efficiently, they could cut costs by 40% in fund mobilization and 23% in profit making while keeping the same output level. We also find that the Cambodian banks have experienced an improvement in efficiency scores over the period for both aspects of banking activities. Furthermore, we find that expanding a branch network into rural areas is inefficient for bank management, and holding excessive liquidity is associated with higher efficiency, but diversification in bank business operations is negatively associated with cost efficiency of Cambodian commercial banks.
Structural properties of charged compact stars with color-flavor-locked quarks matter
Authors: Jasim M. K. , Pradhan Anirudh , Banerjee Ayan , Tangphati Takol , Panotopoulos Grigoris
Published: October 2021

The observations of pulsars with masses close to [Formula: see text] have put strong constraints on the equation-of-state (EoS) of neutron-rich matter at supranuclear densities. Moreover, the exact internal composition of those objects is largely unknown to us. Aiming to reach the [Formula: see text] limit, here we investigate the impact of electric charge on properties of compact stars assuming that the charge distribution is proportional to the mass density. The study is carried out by solving the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation for a well-motivated exotic quark matter in the color-flavor-locked (CFL) phase of color superconductivity. The existence of the CFL phase may be the true ground state of hadronic matter with the possibility of the existence of a pure stable quark star (QS). Concerning the equation-of-state, we obtain structural properties of quark stars and compute the mass, the radius as well as the total electric charge of the star. We analyze the dependence of the physical properties of these QSs depending on the free parameters with special attention on mass–radius relation. We also briefly discuss the mass versus central mass density [Formula: see text] relation for stability, the effect of electric charge and compactness. Finally, our results are compared with the recent observations data on mass–radius relationship.
An RHT-Model-Based Equivalent Parameter Scheme for Blast Response Simulation of RC Frames
Authors: Tang Ziqi , Yang Shanglin , Zhang Run , Yao Xiaohu
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a novel equivalent parameter scheme based on the Riedel–Hiermaier–Thoma (RHT) model is proposed for blast response simulations of reinforced concrete (RC) frames. Considering the strengthening effect of longitudinal and stirrup reinforcements on concretes, constitutive parameters in the RHT model are modified to homogenize RC components based on reasonable simplifications and numerical tests. Numerical results of RC beams illustrate that this scheme significantly improves the computational efficiency and effectively predicts real explosion response behaviors with high accuracy. The scheme is then employed for the blast simulation of an RC frame with multiple components with results compared with those of real frame experiments to further demonstrate its reliability. Owing to its efficiency and accuracy, the present RHT-model-based equivalent parameter scheme can serve as a feasible tool to conduct blast response analysis of the RC frame and guide the corresponding anti-explosion designs.
Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis of Ultra-High-Speed Elevator with Different Hoistway Structures
Authors: Jing Hao , Zhang Qing , Zhang Ruijun , He Qin
Published: October 2021

The high-speed airflow generated by ultra-high-speed elevators causes significant aerodynamic force, which seriously reduces the comfort and safety of passengers. First, a multi-parameter general model of ultra-high-speed elevator was established, and the three-dimensional numerical simulation of incompressible flow in the ultra-high-speed elevator was simulated. The correctness of the model and method was verified by experiments and grid-independence analyses. On this basis, the variation in the aerodynamic forces and the pressure in the hoistway was analyzed. Finally, the influence of different hoistway structures and parameters of ventilation holes on the aerodynamic forces and hoistway pressure were analyzed. The results showed that the opening of ventilation holes significantly reduced the aerodynamic forces and hoistway pressure for most of the period of the car’s operation period, but both the aerodynamic forces and hoistway pressure showed a sudden increase–decrease process. The aerodynamic forces and hoistway pressure were highly sensitive to changes in the hoistway blockage ratio, the cross-sectional area of the ventilation hole, and the position of the ventilation hole. When a pair of ventilation holes were opened, those in the middle of the hoistway reduced aerodynamic problems in the hoistway to the greatest extent. The increase in the connection angle between the ventilation hole and the hoistway eliminated the low-speed recirculation zone at the ventilation hole and increased the total volume of exhaust air at the ventilation hole.
Ideal structure of rings of analytic functions with non-Archimedean metrics
Authors: Bruno Nicholas
Published: October 2021

The work of Helmer [Divisibility properties of integral functions, Duke Math. J. 6(2) (1940) 345–356] applied algebraic methods to the field of complex analysis when he proved the ring of entire functions on the complex plane is a Bezout domain (i.e. all finitely generated ideals are principal). This inspired the work of Henriksen [On the ideal structure of the ring of entire functions, Pacific J. Math. 2(2) (1952) 179–184. On the prime ideals of the ring of entire functions, Pacific J. Math. 3(4) (1953) 711–720] who proved a correspondence between the maximal ideals within the ring of entire functions and ultrafilters on sets of zeroes as well as a correspondence between the prime ideals and growth rates on the multiplicities of zeroes. We prove analogous results on rings of analytic functions in the non-Archimedean context: all finitely generated ideals in the ring of analytic functions on an annulus of a characteristic zero non-Archimedean field are two-generated but not guaranteed to be principal. We also prove the maximal and prime ideal structure in the non-Archimedean context is similar to that of the ordinary complex numbers; however, the methodology has to be significantly altered to account for the failure of Weierstrass factorization on balls of finite radius in fields which are not spherically complete, which was proven by Lazard [Les zeros d’une function analytique d’une variable sur un corps value complet, Publ. Math. l’IHES 14(1) (1942) 47–75].
EFFECT OF ARTERIOLAR DISTENSIBILITY ON THE LATERAL MIGRATION OF LIQUID-FILLED MICROPARTICLES FLOWING IN A HUMAN ARTERIOLE
Authors: JIRARI IMANE EL , BAROUDI ADIL EL , AMMAR AMINE
Published: October 2021

A promising advance of bioengineering consists in the development of micro-nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles injected intravenously or intraarterialy for targeted treatment. Proficient functioning of drug carries is conditioned by a reliable prediction of pharmacokinetics in human as well as their dynamical behavior once injected in blood stream. In this study, we aim to provide a reliable numerical prediction of dynamical behavior of microparticles in human arteriole focusing on the crucial mechanism of lateral migration. The dynamical response of the microparticle upon blood flow and arteriolar distensibility is investigated by varying main controlling parameters: viscosity ratio, confinement and capillary number. The influence of the hyperelastic arteriolar wall is highlighted through comparison with an infinitely rigid arteriolar wall. The hydrodynamic interaction in a microparticle train is examined. Fluid–structure interaction is solved by the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method using the COMSOL Multiphysics software.
Exact reconstruction of extended exponential sums using rational approximation of their Fourier coefficients
Authors: Derevianko Nadiia , Plonka Gerlind
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we derive a new recovery procedure for the reconstruction of extended exponential sums of the form [Formula: see text], where the frequency parameters [Formula: see text] are pairwise distinct. In order to reconstruct y(t) we employ a finite set of classical Fourier coefficients of y with regard to a finite interval [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. For our method, 2N + 2 Fourier coefficients [Formula: see text] are sufficient to recover all parameters of y, where [Formula: see text] denotes the order of y(t). The recovery is based on the observation that for [Formula: see text] the terms of y(t) possess Fourier coefficients with rational structure. We employ a recently proposed stable iterative rational approximation algorithm in [Y. Nakatsukasa, O. Sète and L. N. Trefethen, The AAA Algorithm for rational approximation, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 40(3) (2018) A1494A1522]. If a sufficiently large set of L Fourier coefficients of y is available (i.e. [Formula: see text]), then our recovery method automatically detects the number M of terms of y, the multiplicities [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], as well as all parameters [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], determining y(t). Therefore, our method provides a new stable alternative to the known numerical approaches for the recovery of exponential sums that are based on Prony’s method.
Development of an Automatic Lawnmower with Real-Time Computer Vision for Obstacle Avoidance
Authors: Duan Shuyong , Ma Honglei , Zhang Jialin , Liu Guirong
Published: October 2021

This work develops an automatic lawnmower (Auto-Lawnmower) using computer vision technology for obstacle avoidance. Several critical issues have been overcome in this development work, including the development of a simplified convolutional neural network (CNN) for decision making, and sufficiently large datasets needed to train the Auto-Lawnmower. The following key strategies are adapted to ensure necessary functionality and efficacy with minimum cost, considering possible mass production of Auto-Lawnmowers. First, we use at-time avoidance strategy: meaning the Auto-Lawnmower makes turns when it encounters an obstacle. This is possible because of the fact that a lawn mower usually can move at a very low speed (walking speed of a man). Second, we decided to use minimum necessary sensors, so as to make the system of our Auto-Lawnmower as simple as possible and hence can be very practical. A single monocular video camera is, therefore, used as the single sensor for both: (1) to generate real-time movie images of a large number of situations that the Auto-Lawnmower may encounter, which is labelled and builds up the training datasets; (2) to capture the real-time image when the trained Auto-Lawnmower is in action, to decide on either to avoid the obstacle or move forward while cutting the grass. A Law dataset with labels, called LawNet, has been established for training of CNNs. It collects a total of 168,542 labelled images taken from the perspective of our Auto-Lawnmower for lawns at the university campus. A concise CNN is created for high efficiency and trained with our LawNet to drive the Auto-Lawnmower. A prototype of Auto-Lawnmower is finally designed, built and tested for lawn mowing in real situations. It is found that it works well as designed, with minimum sensors (a single camera), and hence it has a good potential for mass production.
Design and Analysis of Jittering Mitigator for Robot Arm-Tip
Authors: Duan Shuyong , Li Chunlu , Xu Pengfei , Liu Guirong
Published: October 2021

To tackle the jittering of a robot arm-tip, a novel method of the jittering mitigation is proposed. The key idea is to transmit the jittering to vibration of a mass block nested inside the jittering-mitigator. This method only requires the frequency of the jittering at the arm-tip. To verify the practicability of the method, a practical robot was applied through simulations and physical experiments. The jittering mitigator device can be directly attached to or detached from the arm-tip. The jittering at the arm-tip was first measured through experiments using accelerometers connected to the vibration and noise testing system. Then, the dominant frequency was identified through fast Fourier transform analysis. The theoretical parameters of the jittering mitigator were calculated accordingly. A model was established to simulate the jitter reduction effect of the mitigator. The results revealed a 68% reduction in the average amplitude of the jittering vibration at the arm-tip, which is corroborated by the experiment results. The proposed method could be applicable to all types of robots theoretically because it only requires computing the frequency of jitter.
Meso-substituted cationic 3- and 4-N-Pyridylporphyrins and their Zn(II) derivatives for antibacterial photodynamic therapy
Authors: Gyulkhandanyan Aram G. , Paronyan Marina H. , Gyulkhandanyan Anna G. , Ghazaryan Karapet R. , Parkhats Marina V. , Dzhagarov Boris M. , Korchenova Maria V. , Lazareva Ekaterina N. , Tuchina Elena S. , Gyulkhandanyan Grigor V. , Tuchin Valery V.
Published: October 2021

Photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms known as antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is one of the most promising and innovative approaches for the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms. Among the photosensitizers (PSs), compounds based on cationic porphyrins/metalloporphyrins are most successfully used to inactivate microorganisms. Series of meso-substituted cationic pyridylporphyrins and metalloporphyrins with various peripheral groups in the third and fourth positions of the pyrrole ring have been synthesized in Armenia. The aim of this work was to determine and test the most effective cationic porphyrins and metalloporphyrins with high photoactivity against Gram negative and Gram positive microorganisms. It was shown that the synthesized cationic pyridylporphyrins/metalloporphyrins exhibit a high degree of phototoxicity towards both types of bacteria, including the methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain. Zinc complexes of porphyrins are more phototoxic than metal-free porphyrin analogs. The effectiveness of these Zn–metalloporphyrins on bacteria is consistent with the level of singlet oxygen generation. It was found that the high antibacterial activity of the studied cationic porphyrins/metalloporphyrins depends on four factors: the presence in the porphyrin macrocycle of a positive charge (+4), a central metal atom (Zn[Formula: see text] and hydrophobic peripheral functional groups as well as high values of quantum yields of singlet oxygen. The results indicate that meso-substituted cationic pyridylporphyrins/metalloporphyrins can find wider application in photoinactivation of bacteria than anionic or neutral PSs usually used in APDT.
3-photon fluorescence and third-harmonic generation imaging of myelin sheaths in mouse digital skin in vivo: A comparative study
Authors: Wang Ke , Pan Yi , Chen Xinlin , Tong Shen , Liang Huiping , Lu Yuan , Qiu Ping
Published: October 2021

Myelin sheaths wrapping axons are key structures that help maintain the propagation speed of action potentials in both central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS). However, noninvasive, deep imaging technologies visualizing myelin sheaths in the digital skin in vivo are lacking in animal models. 3-photon fluorescence (3PF) imaging excited at the 1700-nm window enables deep imaging of myelin sheaths, but necessitates labeling by exogenous fluorescent dyes. Since myelin sheaths are lipid-rich structures which generate strong third-harmonic signals, in this paper, we perform a detailed comparative experimental study of both third-harmonic generation (THG) and 3PF imaging in the mouse digital skin in vivo. Our results show that THG imaging also enables visualization of myelin sheaths deep in the mouse digital skin, which shows colocalization with 3PF signals from labeled myelin sheaths. Besides its superior label-free advantage, THG does not suffer from photobleaching due to its 3PF property.
Efficient online portfolio simulation using dynamic moving average model and benchmark index
Authors: Nazir Amril
Published: October 2021

Online portfolio selection and simulation are some of the most important problems in several research communities, including finance, engineering, statistics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, etc. The primary aim of online portfolio selection is to determine portfolio weights in every investment period (i.e., daily, weekly, monthly, etc.) to maximize the investor’s final wealth after the end of investment period (e.g., 1 year or longer). In this paper, we present an efficient online portfolio selection strategy that makes use of market indices and benchmark indices to take advantage of the mean reversal phenomena at minimal risks. Based on empirical studies conducted on recent historical datasets for the period 2000 to 2015 on four different stock markets (i.e., NYSE, S&P500, DJIA, and TSX), the proposed strategy has been shown to outperform both Anticor and OLMAR — the two most prominent portfolio selection strategies in contemporary literature.
A Quantum Circuit Optimization Framework Based on Pattern Matching
Authors: Chen Mingyu , Zhang Yu , Li Yongshang
Published: October 2021

In the NISQ era, quantum computers have insufficient qubits to support quantum error correction, which can only perform shallow quantum algorithms under noisy conditions. Aiming to improve the fidelity of quantum circuits, it is necessary to reduce the circuit depth as much as possible to mitigate the coherent noise. To address the issue, we propose PaF , a Pattern matching-based quantum circuit rewriting algorithm Framework to optimize quantum circuits. The algorithm framework finds all sub-circuits satisfied in the input quantum circuit according to the given external pattern description, then replaces them with better circuit implementations. To extend the capabilities of PaF , a general pattern description format is proposed to make rewriting patterns in existing work become machine-readable. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of PaF , we employ the BIGD benchmarks in QUEKO benchmark suite to test the performance and the result shows that PaF provides a maximal speedup of [Formula: see text] by using few patterns.
Copy-and-patch compilation: a fast compilation algorithm for high-level languages and bytecode
Authors: Xu Haoran , Kjolstad Fredrik
Published: October 2021

Fast compilation is important when compilation occurs at runtime, such as query compilers in modern database systems and WebAssembly virtual machines in modern browsers. We present copy-and-patch, an extremely fast compilation technique that also produces good quality code. It is capable of lowering both high-level languages and low-level bytecode programs to binary code, by stitching together code from a large library of binary implementation variants. We call these binary implementations stencils because they have holes where missing values must be inserted during code generation. We show how to construct a stencil library and describe the copy-and-patch algorithm that generates optimized binary code.

We demonstrate two use cases of copy-and-patch: a compiler for a high-level C-like language intended for metaprogramming and a compiler for WebAssembly. Our high-level language compiler has negligible compilation cost: it produces code from an AST in less time than it takes to construct the AST. We have implemented an SQL database query compiler on top of this metaprogramming system and show that on TPC-H database benchmarks, copy-and-patch generates code two orders of magnitude faster than LLVM -O0 and three orders of magnitude faster than higher optimization levels. The generated code runs an order of magnitude faster than interpretation and 14% faster than LLVM -O0. Our WebAssembly compiler generates code 4.9X-6.5X faster than Liftoff, the WebAssembly baseline compiler in Google Chrome. The generated code also outperforms Liftoff's by 39%-63% on the Coremark and PolyBenchC WebAssembly benchmarks.
Generative type-aware mutation for testing SMT solvers
Authors: Park Jiwon , Winterer Dominik , Zhang Chengyu , Su Zhendong
Published: October 2021

We propose Generative Type-Aware Mutation, an effective approach for testing SMT solvers. The key idea is to realize generation through the mutation of expressions rooted with parametric operators from the SMT-LIB specification. Generative Type-Aware Mutation is a hybrid of mutation-based and grammar-based fuzzing and features an infinite mutation space—overcoming a major limitation of OpFuzz, the state-of-the-art fuzzer for SMT solvers. We have realized Generative Type-Aware Mutation in a practical SMT solver bug hunting tool, TypeFuzz. During our testing period with TypeFuzz, we reported over 237 bugs in the state-of-the-art SMT solvers Z3 and CVC4. Among these, 189 bugs were confirmed and 176 bugs were fixed. Most notably, we found 18 soundness bugs in CVC4’s default mode alone. Several of them were two years latent (7/18). CVC4 has been proved to be a very stable SMT solver and has resisted several fuzzing campaigns.
Multi-modal program inference: a marriage of pre-trained language models and component-based synthesis
Authors: Rahmani Kia , Raza Mohammad , Gulwani Sumit , Le Vu , Morris Daniel , Radhakrishna Arjun , Soares Gustavo , Tiwari Ashish
Published: October 2021

Multi-modal program synthesis refers to the task of synthesizing programs (code) from their specification given in different forms, such as a combination of natural language and examples. Examples provide a precise but incomplete specification, and natural language provides an ambiguous but more "complete" task description. Machine-learned pre-trained models (PTMs) are adept at handling ambiguous natural language, but struggle with generating syntactically and semantically precise code. Program synthesis techniques can generate correct code, often even from incomplete but precise specifications, such as examples, but they are unable to work with the ambiguity of natural languages. We present an approach that combines PTMs with component-based synthesis (CBS): PTMs are used to generate candidates programs from the natural language description of the task, which are then used to guide the CBS procedure to find the program that matches the precise examples-based specification. We use our combination approach to instantiate multi-modal synthesis systems for two programming domains: the domain of regular expressions and the domain of CSS selectors. Our evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of our domain-agnostic approach in comparison to a state-of-the-art specialized system, and the generality of our approach in providing multi-modal program synthesis from natural language and examples in different programming domains.
BUDS+: Better Privacy with Converger and Noisy Shuffling
Authors: Sengupta Poushali , Paul Sudipta , Mishra Subhankar
Published: October 2021

Advancements in machine learning and data science deal with the collection of a tremendous amount of data for research and analysis, following which there is a growing awareness among a large number of users about their sensitive data, and hence privacy protection has seen significant growth. Differential privacy is one of the most popular techniques to ensure data protection. However, it has two major issues: first, utility-privacy tradeoff, where users are asked to choose between them; second, the real-time implementation of such a system on high-dimensional data is missing. In this work, we propose BUDS+, a novel differential privacy framework that achieves an impressive privacy budget of 0.03. It introduces iterative shuffling, embedding for data encoding, converger function into a novel comparison system to converge the privacy threshold among the aggregated differentially private and noisy reports to further minimize the attack model’s time.
Detection of Anomalous Behavior of Smartphone Devices using Changepoint Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Manzano Sanchez Ricardo Alejandro , Naik Kshirasagar , Albasir Abdurhman , Zaman Marzia , Goel Nishith
Published: October 2021

Detecting anomalous behavior on smartphones is challenging since malware evolution. Other methodologies detect malicious behavior by analyzing static features of the application code or dynamic data samples obtained from hardware or software. Static analysis is prone to code’s obfuscation while dynamic needs that malicious activities to cease to be dormant in the shortest possible time while data samples are collected. Triggering and capturing malicious behavior in data samples in dynamic analysis is challenging since we need to generate an efficient combination of user’s inputs to trigger these malicious activities. We propose a general model which uses a data collector and analyzer to unveil malicious behavior by analyzing the device’s power consumption since this summarizes the changes in software. The data collector uses an automated tool to generate user inputs. The data analyzer uses changepoint analysis to extract features from power consumption and machine learning techniques to train these features. The data analyzer stage contains two methodologies that extract features using parametric and non-parametric changepoint. Our methodologies are efficient in data collection time than a manual method and the data analyzer provides higher accuracy compared to other techniques, reaching over 94% F1-measure for emulated and real malware.
Constitutional Dictatorships, from Colonialism to COVID-19
Authors: Meierhenrich Jens
Published: October 2021

In this article, I use the concept of constitutional dictatorship as a heuristic, as a way of thinking more explicitly about constitutional violence than is customary in comparative constitutional law. Constitutional dictatorship is an epic concept. It is capable of illuminating—and retelling—epic histories of constitutional law, of alerting us to commonalities in constitutional practices of domination—and thus of violence—that would otherwise remain shrouded in legal orientalism. The analysis aspires to make constitutional law strange again. To this end, I trace nomoi and narratives of constitutional dictatorship from colonialism to the coronavirus pandemic. Arguing against emergency scripts, I relate the idea of “emergency” to the everyday and both to coloniality. Mine is a rudimentary conceptual history—a Begriffsgeschichte—of constitutional dictatorship. I think of the empirical vignettes about crisis government in the colony/postcolony on which my comparative historical analysis is based as prolegomena to a critical theory of constitutional dictatorship.
Analysis of the Clinical Effect of Music Combined with Hypnosis on Labor Analgesia Based on Data Mining
Authors: Chen Jie , Chen Yaer , Wang Fang , Qiu Chunbo
Published: October 2021

The objective of this paper is to study the curative effect of music combined with hypnosis on labor pains during childbirth. Based on the algorithm of data mining, we randomly selected 100 women who delivered babies in obstetric units from October 2020 to June 2021, set the control group and the observation group, obtained the relevant clinical data through comparison, and analyzed the value of music combined with hypnotic analgesia midwifery in obstetrics. The results showed that the number of spontaneous delivery cases in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

) and the delivery time in the observation group was better than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). It is proved that music combined with hypnosis can effectively improve the rate of natural childbirth and shorten the overall labor time, so as to guarantee the health of mother and child.
Acid Aging of CFRP Composite Materials for Solar UAV Structure
Authors: Shen Bing , Liu HongJun , Lv Shengli , Li Zheng , Cheng Wen
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this investigation is to study the performance degradation mechanism of CRRP composite materials used in the structure of a solar UAV under acid rain environment and to provide references for the structural design of the solar UAV. An aging test was designed according to the actual working conditions of the solar unmanned aerial vehicle and was carried out by continuously immersing the composite material in both deionized water and an acidic solution with a pH of 2.0 at 60°C. The mechanical behavior of the composites was studied through a three-point bending test. The results showed that after 120 days of aging test, the composite material exhibits different characteristics in the two conditions. The composite material under the hygrothermal conditions finally reached the equilibrium moisture absorption content of 1.07%, and the flexural strength decreased by 8.77%. The composite material under acidic conditions deviated from the Fick behavior in the final stage of the test, and the final moisture content was 2.88%, and the bending strength decreased by 26.43%. Several typical empirical models were analyzed, and a hyperbolic tangent function empirical model with moisture content as the main variable was used to predict the CFRP flexural strength degradation process, and good results were obtained. The effect of aging conditions on the microstructure of composite materials was observed by SEM, and the aging mechanism of composite materials was analyzed. The corrosion of the polymer matrix and the debonding of the fiber/matrix interface are the root causes of the performance degradation of composite materials.
Research on Technology of Supporting in Super‐Large Section Cut in Working Face with Large Mining Height
Authors: Ren Zhicheng , Zuo Minghui
Published: October 2021

For the support problem of the super‐large section cut in working face with large mining height, the 1105 cut pilot chamber of Zhaogu No. 2 Mine, the roof strata structure detection and the strata movement rule research were conducted. The results prove that concentrate fracture area, gradually sparse fracture area, and rare fracture area regularly distributed from the surface to the deep area of the roof of 1105 cut, and less fracture exists in the rock stratum of roof above 3.5 m, and the stratum of roof within the range of 4–6 m is stable. Authors propose the long bolt and cable combined supporting technology and optimized the design plan applying theoretical calculation and computer numerical simulation. The scheme has been applied in the field of the 1105 super‐large section cut in Zhaogu No. 2 Mine. The monitoring results show that the scheme can effectively control surrounding rock of roadway, and the support with long bolt has good effectiveness.
Identification of Key Exosome Gene Signature in Mediating Coronary Heart Disease by Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis
Authors: Fu Yanbin , Ge Yanzhi , Cao Jianfeng , Su Zedazhong , Yu Danqing
Published: October 2021

Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent disease with an unelucidated pathogenetic mechanism and is mediated by complex molecular interactions of exosomes. Here, we aimed to identify differentially expressed exosome genes for the disease development and prognosis of CHD. Method. Six CHD samples and 32 normal samples were downloaded from the exoRbase database to identify the candidate genes in the CHD. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. And then, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to investigate the modules in coexpressed genes between CHD samples and normal samples. DEGs and the module of the WGCNA were intersected to obtain the most relevant exosome genes. After that, the function enrichment analyses and protein‐protein interaction network (PPI) were performed for the particular module using STRING and Cytoscape software. Finally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration of exosome genes between CHD samples and normal samples. Result. We obtain a total of 715 overlapping exosome genes located at the intersection of the DEGs and key modules. The Gene Ontology enrichment of DEGs in the blue module included inflammatory response, neutrophil degranulation, and activation of CHD. In addition, protein‐protein networks were constructed, and hub genes were identified, such as LYZ, CAMP, HP, ORM1, and LTF. The immune infiltration profiles varied significantly between normal controls and CHD. Finally, we found that mast cells activated and eosinophils had a positive correlation. B cell memory had a significant negative correlation with B cell naive. Besides, neutrophils and mast cells were significantly increased in CHD patients. Conclusion. The underlying mechanism may be related to neutrophil degranulation and the immune response. The hub genes and the difference in immune infiltration identified in the present study may provide new insights into the diagnostic and provide candidate targets for CHD.
Randomized Controlled Study of the Effects of DHEA on the Outcome of IVF in Endometriosis
Authors: Zhang Yanxia , Li Meiqing , Li Lian , Xiao Jianghua , Chen Zhe
Published: October 2021

Objective. To investigate the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients with endometriosis (EMT). Methods. Female patients diagnosed with EMT in our hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were selected. The patients were divided into the control group (n = 22) and the DHEA group (n = 22) according to the random number table. Patients in the control group received placebo and patients in the DHEA group received DHEA. Patients in both groups received either DHEA (25 mg) or placebo orally 3 times a day for 90 days from the first day of menstruation. Patients were subsequently treated with an IVF cycle. In the control group, 22 patients completed the first cycle and 13 patients completed the second cycle. In the DHEA group, 22 patients completed the first cycle and 11 patients completed the second cycle. Serum sex hormone levels including serum E2 on hCG day, mean progesterone on hCG day, FSH on day 2, AMH on day 2, and gonadotropin dose were determined using a chemiluminescent immunoassay kit. The number of antral follicles of the bilateral ovaries was counted by transvaginal B-ultrasound, and the maximum length and transverse diameter of the ovaries were measured at the same time, to calculate the average diameter of the ovaries, observe the morphology of endometrium, and measure the thickness of the endometrium. The implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, persistent pregnancy rate, and live birth rate were compared between the two groups. Results. There were no significant differences in serum E2, progesterone, endometrial thickness, recovered oocytes, mean number of transferred embryos, and mean score of leading embryo transfer between the DHEA group and the women who completed the first and second cycles (

P
>
0.05

). The AMH, antral follicle count, serum E2 on hCG day, the number of recovered oocytes, fertilized oocytes, and the fertilization rate in the DHEA group were higher than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The doses of FSH on day 2, COH on day 3, and gonadotropin were lower than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference in the total number of embryos, the number of high-quality embryos, and the number of transplanted embryos between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, persistent pregnancy rate, and live birth rate in the DHEA group were higher than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. DHEA can significantly increase serum E2 level and improve IVF outcome by regulating the hormone synthesis process, thus improving oocyte and embryo quality.
[Retracted] Modified Mechanical Structure Electric Bike Design Computation and Prototype Model Implementation
Authors: Ramash Kumar K. , Anandhi T. S. , Vijayakrishna B. , Mohanty Monalisa , Siva Ramkumar M. , Shivappa H. A. , Tizazu Belachew Zegale , Kirubakaran B. , Thinapakar E.
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to investigate the design computation and prototype model implementation of a Modified Mechanical Structure (MMS) Electric Bike (E‐Bike). It is the technology that allows the vehicle to operate with the assistance of electrical energy. All conventional cars will be converted to electric vehicles (EVs) in the future. EVs will be affordable to all types of people, allowing them to fly comfortably and safely. As a result, this paper proposes a design estimate and model implementation of the MMS E‐Bike with the smallest number of parts, lowest expense, and lightest weight possible. The most important parts of the designed MMS E‐Bike are the battery, MMS, BLDC motor, and electronic commutator with their controller. Because of its adapted mechanical frame nature, the designed E‐Bike is low in cost and weight, and it can also go up to 25 kmph. Furthermore, the rider will be able to ride the built MMS E‐Bike without any pain to their bodies and should be able to sit comfortably during their journey. In comparison to the Ampere Angel and DMW Electra 20 E‐Bikes, the performance of the developed model is tested under various operating conditions, as well as their battery backup.
Developing an Empirical Relationship to Predict the Wear Characteristics of Ni‐Based Hardfaced Deposits on Nuclear Grade 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Gnanasekaran S. , Chelladurai Samson Jerold Samuel , Padmanaban G. , Arthanari Ramesh , Balasubramanian V.
Published: October 2021

Using the nickel‐based Colmonoy 5 hardfacing alloy, components made of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) used in nuclear power plants can be hardfaced. Hardfacing is the process of applying complex and wear‐resistant materials to substrates that require abrasion resistance. The tribological characteristics of a reactor‐grade material NiCr‐B hardfaced deposit were studied and reported in this paper. Hence, in this investigation, an effort has been made to develop empirical relationship to predict weight loss of laser hardfaced Ni‐based alloy surface incorporating laser parameters using statistical tools such as design of experiments (DoE) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The developed empirical relationship can be effectively used to trail the weight loss (wear resistance) of laser hardfaced nickel alloy surfaces by altering laser parameters. This method has proven very effective. A power of 1300 W, powder feed rate of 9 g/min, travel speed of 350 mm/min, and defocusing distance of 32 mm were all combined to achieve a minimum weight loss of 0.0164 grams.
[Retracted] Chinese Language Feature Analysis Based on Multilayer Self‐Organizing Neural Network and Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Yu Xiujin , Liu Shengfu , Zhang Hui
Published: October 2021

As one of the oldest languages in the world, Chinese has a long cultural history and unique language charm. The multilayer self‐organizing neural network and data mining techniques have been widely used and can achieve high‐precision prediction in different fields. However, they are hardly applied to Chinese language feature analysis. In order to accurately analyze the characteristics of Chinese language, this paper uses the multilayer self‐organizing neural network and the corresponding data mining technology for feature recognition and then compared it with other different types of neural network algorithms. The results show that the multilayer self‐organizing neural network can make the accuracy, recall, and F1 score of feature recognition reach 68.69%, 80.21%, and 70.19%, respectively, when there are many samples. Under the influence of strong noise, it keeps high efficiency of feature analysis. This shows that the multilayer self‐organizing neural network has superior performance and can provide strong support for Chinese language feature analysis.
Creating the Illusion of Sportiness: Evaluating Modified Throttle Mapping and Artificial Engine Sound for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Melman Timo , Visser Peter , Mouton Xavier , de Winter Joost
Published: October 2021

Modern computerized vehicles offer the possibility of changing vehicle parameters with the aim of creating a novel driving experience, such as an increased feeling of sportiness. For example, electric vehicles can be designed to provide an artificial sound, and the throttle mapping can be adjusted to give drivers the illusion that they are driving a sports vehicle (i.e., without altering the vehicle’s performance envelope). However, a fundamental safety-related question is how drivers perceive and respond to vehicle parameter adjustments. As of today, human-subject research on throttle mapping is unavailable, whereas research on sound enhancement is mostly conducted in listening rooms, which provides no insight into how drivers respond to the auditory cues. This study investigated how perceived sportiness and driving behavior are affected by adjustments in vehicle sound and throttle mapping. Through a within-subject simulator-based experiment, we investigated (1) Modified Throttle Mapping (MTM), (2) Artificial Engine Sound (AES) via a virtually elevated rpm, and (3) MTM and AES combined, relative to (4) a Baseline condition and (5) a Sports car that offered increased engine power. Results showed that, compared to Baseline, AES and MTM-AES increased perceived sportiness and yielded a lower speed variability in curves. Furthermore, MTM and MTM-AES caused higher vehicle acceleration than Baseline during the first second of driving away from a standstill. Mean speed and comfort ratings were unaffected by MTM and AES. The highest sportiness ratings and fastest driving speeds were obtained for the Sports car. In conclusion, the sound enhancement not only increased the perception of sportiness but also improved drivers’ speed control performance, suggesting that sound is used by drivers as functional feedback. The fact that MTM did not affect the mean driving speed indicates that drivers adapted their “gain” to the new throttle mapping and were not susceptible to risk compensation.
The Dynamics of a Stochastic SIR Epidemic Model with Nonlinear Incidence and Vertical Transmission
Authors: Li Guihua , Liu Yuanhang
Published: October 2021

In this study, we build a stochastic SIR epidemic model with vertical infection and nonlinear incidence. The influence of the fluctuation of disease transmission parameters and state variables on the dynamic behaviors of the system is the focus of our study. Through the theoretical analysis, we obtain that there exists a unique global positive solution for any positive initial value. A threshold

R
0
s

is given. When

R
0
s

<
1

, the diseases can be extincted with probability one. When

R
0
s

>
1

, we construct a stochastic Lyapunov function to prove that the system exists an ergodic stationary distribution, which means that the disease will persist. Then, we obtain the conditions that the solution of the stochastic model fluctuates widely near the equilibria of the corresponding deterministic model. Finally, the correctness of the results is verified by numerical simulation. It is further found that the fluctuation of disease transmission parameters and infected individuals with the environment can reduce the threshold of disease outbreak, while the fluctuation of susceptible and recovered individuals has a little effect on the dynamic behavior of the system. Therefore, we can make the disease extinct by adjusting the appropriate random disturbance.
Dry Friction Interblade Damping by 3D FEM Modelling of Bladed Disk: HPC Calculations Compared with Experiment
Authors: Pešek Luděk , Šnábl Pavel , Bula Vítězslav
Published: October 2021

Interblade contacts and damping evaluation of the turbine bladed wheel with prestressed dry friction contacts are solved by the 3D finite element method with the surface‐to‐surface dry friction contact model. This makes it possible to model the space relative motions of contact pairs that occur during blade vibrations. To experimentally validate the model, a physical model of the bladed wheel with tie‐boss couplings was built and tested. HPC computation with a proposed strategy was used to lower the computational time of the nonlinear solution of the wheel resonant attenuation used for damping estimation. Comparison of experimental and numerical results of damping estimation yields a very good agreement.