bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shi Zhengyi on Basic Theoretical Issues of Ethnologic Economics
Authors: Tian Robert Guang
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to introduce Professor Shi Zhengyi’s early theoretical views and contributions to ethnic economics to the international academic community. China’s ethnic minorities live in the western regions, and their economic and social development for a long time has been far behind that of the eastern and central areas where the Han majority live. Professor Shi Zhengyi proposed in March 1979 that China needed to establish and develop ethnologic economics. It is a particular branch of economics in China with solid Chinese characteristics. Ethnologic economics, starting from the status and role of ethnic factors in economic activities, studies the economic changes and economic relations of ethnic groups or ethnic regions. The ethnologic economy has the characteristics of duality and diversity, which is the starting point of the study of national economics. Ethnologic economics has adapted to the national conditions of China’s multi-ethnic country and the needs of China’s modernization drive. It has the dual disciplinary attribution of Ethnology and economics. It is hoped that the international academic community will take an interest in ethnologic economics and apply the research results of Chinese ethnologic economists to promote societies in other countries similar to China’s ethnic minority areas’ economic development.
Impact of COVID-19 on education sector in Pakistan (A case of Punjab Group of Colleges)
Authors: Ayyub Muhammad Furqan , Asghar Adnan , Arshad Hafiz Muhammad Jawad
Published: July 2022

On 20thMarch, 2020 because of vide spread of COVID-19, the individuals were advised for isolation at home considering the lockdown of educational institutes. This caused economic barren and lack of learning and knowledge globally. As a result, Pakistan was at the top level worldwide for closure of schools during CORONA virus (COVID-19).For elimination of its adverse effects, The Government of Pakistan rapidly started effective strategies. The development and implementation of different tools for students to facilitate in their studies proved a great milestone for PGC. Microsoft teams for online lectures, recorded lectures, video audio conversations between students and teachers, special test system to gain competitive edge managed the situation during this COVID 19.
Whose Realism? Which Legitimacy? Ideologies of Domination and Post-Rawlsian Political Theory
Authors: Roberts William Clare
Published: July 2022

There is something amiss about post-Rawlsian efforts to bring political theory down to earth by insisting upon the political primacy of the question of legitimacy, peace, or order. The intuition driving much realism seems to be that we must first agree to get along, and only then can we get down to the business of pursuing justice. I argue that the ideological narratives of the powerful pose a political problem for this primacy of legitimacy thesis. To prioritize the achievement of democratic legitimacy seems to make sense only to the extent that we already live in a world in which systematic domination—and its ideological baggage—has been stamped out. I draw on the social study of domination for the sake of combatting in political theory the temptation to focus on the static design of the constitutional state at the expense of ignoring or even condemning the social processes that motivate legal and constitutional changes.
Der digitale TestDaF: Aufbruch in neue Dimensionen des Sprachtestens
Authors: Kecker Gabriele , Eckes Thomas
Published: July 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklungsphasen des digitalen TestDaF und zeigt, wie die neuen Aufgabentypen zusammen mit einer komplett digitalisierten Durchführung den Bezug zum Hochschulkontext und zum GER stärken. Der Beitrag geht im Detail auf das Testkonzept, das Testformat und die im Lesen, Hören, Schreiben und Sprechen verwendeten Aufgabentypen ein. Innovative Ansätze und Methoden der Leistungsbewertung und Ergebnisermittlung kommen ebenso zur Sprache wie ihre Umsetzung in der Praxis. Abschließend werden Perspektiven der Forschung zum digitalen TestDaF aufgezeigt und Bezüge zur aktuellen Sprachtestforschung diskutiert.
Camera trapping arboreal mammals in Argentina’s Atlantic Forest
Authors: Agostini Ilaria , Pizzio Esteban , Varela Diego , Iezzi María Eugenia , Cruz Paula , Paviolo Agustín , Di Bitetti Mario S.
Published: July 2022

Canopy camera trapping is being increasingly used to characterize assemblages of arboreal mammals. In this study we compared, for the first time, the assemblage of arboreal mammals of the Atlantic Forest, surveyed using canopy camera trapping at two protected areas of Misiones, Argentina: Piñalito (11 camera-trap stations) and Cruce Caballero (9 stations), with the assemblage recorded at ground-level with a camera-trapping survey conducted at another protected area, the nearby private reserve Valle del Alegría (18 stations). We calculated the number of independent photo-events for each species and site, and we built species rank abundance curves to compare the recorded species diversity among sites. We recorded six mammal species at Piñalito and Cruce Caballero, and 23 at Valle del Alegría. Canopy-survey sites showed lower diversity but a different and non-nested species composition when compared to the ground-level survey. One of the most frequently recorded species in the canopy, the brown-eared woolly opossum, Caluromys lanatus, categorized as Vulnerable in Argentina, has not been photographed in ground-level camera-trap surveys in Misiones before. Our results suggest that canopy camera trapping represents a robust method to sample arboreal species that are missed in ground-level camera-trap surveys, thus improving forest species inventories.
Identification of autophagy-related biomarkers in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yang Zhisong , Zhou Li , Ge Haiyan , Shen Weimin , Shan Lin
Published: July 2022

Autophagy participates in the regulation of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the role of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in the pathogenesis of the PAH is still unclear. This study aimed to identify the ARGs in PAH via bioinformatics analysis. A microarray dataset (GSE113439) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed ARGs (DEARGs). Protein–protein interactions network, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to screen hub genes and the underlying molecular mechanisms of PAH. Finally, the mRNA expression of the hub genes was validated using the GSE53408 dataset. Twenty-six DEARGs were identified, all of which were upregulated. Enrichment analyses revealed that these DEARGs were mainly enriched in the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, response to hypoxia, response to nutrient levels, and autophagy. Among these hub genes, the mRNA expression levels of HSP90AA1, HIF1A, MET, IGF1, LRRK2, CLTC, DNM1L, MDM2, RICTOR, and ROCK2 were significantly upregulated in PAH patients than in healthy individuals. Ten hub DEARGs were identified and may participate in the pathogenesis of the PAH via the regulation of autophagy. The present study may provide novel therapeutic targets for PAH prevention and treatment and expand our understanding of PAH.
Advantages of ketamine in pediatric anesthesia
Authors: Simonini Alessandro , Brogi Etrusca , Cascella Marco , Vittori Alessandro
Published: July 2022

Although ketamine is primarily used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, it also presents sedative, amnestic, anesthetics, analgesic, antihyperalgesia, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulant, and antidepressant effects. Its unique pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties allow the use of ketamine in various clinical settings including sedation, ambulatory anesthesia, and intensive care practices. It has also adopted to manage acute and chronic pain management. Clinically, ketamine produces dissociative sedation, analgesia, and amnesia while maintaining laryngeal reflexes, with respiratory and cardiovascular stability. Notably, it does not cause respiratory depression, maintaining both the hypercapnic reflex and the residual functional capacity with a moderate bronchodilation effect. In the pediatric population, ketamine can be administered through practically all routes, making it an advantageous drug for the sedation required setting such as placement of difficult vascular access and in uncooperative and oppositional children. Consequently, ketamine is indicated in prehospital induction of anesthesia, induction of anesthesia in potentially hemodynamic unstable patients, and in patients at risk of bronchospasm. Even more, ketamine does not increase intracranial pressure, and it can be safely used also in patients with traumatic brain injuries. This article is aimed to provide a brief and practical summary of the role of ketamine in the pediatric field.
Dynamic fracture behavior of 11MnNiMo steel under medium-low loading rate
Authors: Li Yilei , Yao Di , Qiao Hongwei , Zhang Kun , Sun Lei , Jiang Xiaosong , Yan Xiao , Li Pengzhou
Published: July 2022

In this work, the dynamic fracture behavior of 11MnNiMo steel under medium-low loading rate was studied. In the fracture morphology with and without prefab crack, the fracture surface had obvious morphological partition phenomenon. In comparison, there were more crack roots in the crack root region with preset cracks and gradually expanded to the interior. Transmission analysis showed that there were many displacements in the matrix and dispersed secondary phase particles, which should be MnS impurity phase. In the microstructure of 11MnNiMo matrix, the elongated morphology of lath martensite structure was retained. During the process of impact shear deformation, massive plastic deformation was associated with the material, so that a great deal of displacements led to the movement of the slip system. At the same time, the transmission analysis showed that there was elastic stress inside the impact fracture.
Determining the structural life of an electric vehicle battery from road loads
Authors: Düzgün H. Zınar , Şendur Polat
Published: July 2022

Although the electrical system is important in the development of electric vehicles, the durability of the battery system against mechanical loads and the performance of the battery against shock reactions are just as important. The objective of this study is to develop a methodology to determine the structural life of the battery of the C-platform sports utility vehicle (SUV). For this purpose, a power spectral density (PSD) durability test profile is generated and compared to battery test standards such as ISO 6469:2019, AK-LH 5.21 and SAE J2380. Analytical Virtual Proving Ground (VPG), a multibody dynamics simulation model, is also developed and correlated to test data. The results show that FDS values for AK-LH is higher than the fatigue damage of the collected vehicle data, while the FDS results for ISO standard are lower compared to the vehicle data. The results also indicate that the loads in the longitudinal (x-direction) and lateral (y-direction) directions are different. Therefore, loads of different amplitudes should be used for these directions, contrary to SAE J2380 and USABC standards. Finally, it is concluded that the VPG model can be used for determining the fatigue life when there is no test data, thanks to its high accuracy.
High-velocity impact performance of Ramor 500 armor steel
Authors: Memis İlker , Karakuzu Ramazan
Published: July 2022

In this study, the high-velocity impact behavior of Ramor 500 armor steel was investigated experimentally and numerically. For this purpose, the steel specimen was impacted by a 9 mm Parabellum full metal jacket (FMJ) bullet at the reliable polygon. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of specimens were found by a tensile test at different temperatures and Johnson–Cook (J-C) parameters were obtained by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) test data. By using these data, the same test was simulated by ANSYS Explicit Dynamic. Results show that experimental and numerical results provide NIJ LEVEL IIIA conditions. In addition, the perforation thickness of Ramor 500 at the constant projectile velocity and the perforation velocity at the constant thickness were obtained by using ANSYS Explicit Dynamic.
A new hybrid artificial hummingbird-simulated annealing algorithm to solve constrained mechanical engineering problems
Authors: Yildiz Betül Sultan , Mehta Pranav , Sait Sadiq M. , Panagant Natee , Kumar Sumit , Yildiz Ali Riza
Published: July 2022

Nature-inspired algorithms known as metaheuristics have been significantly adopted by large-scale organizations and the engineering research domain due their several advantages over the classical optimization techniques. In the present article, a novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithm (HAHA-SA) based on the artificial hummingbird algorithm (AHA) and simulated annealing problem is proposed to improve the performance of the AHA. To check the performance of the HAHA-SA, it was applied to solve three constrained engineering design problems. For comparative analysis, the results of all considered cases are compared to the well-known optimizers. The statistical results demonstrate the dominance of the HAHA-SA in solving complex multi-constrained design optimization problems efficiently. Overall study shows the robustness of the adopted algorithm and develops future opportunities to optimize critical engineering problems using the HAHA-SA.
Involvement of nerve growth factor (NGF) in chronic neuropathic pain – a systematic review
Authors: Reis Catarina , Chambel Sílvia , Ferreira Ana , Cruz Célia Duarte
Published: July 2022

Pain is a complex experience, encompassing physiological and psychological components. Amongst the different types of pain, neuropathic pain, resulting from injuries to the peripheral or central nervous system, still constitutes a challenge for researchers and clinicians. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is currently regarded as a key contributor and may serve as a therapeutic target in many types of pain, likely including neuropathic pain. Here, we reviewed the role of NGF in neuropathic pain of peripheral and central origin, also addressing its potential use as a pharmacological target to better help patients dealing with this condition that severely impacts the everyday life. For this, we conducted a search in the databases PubMed and Scopus. Our search resulted in 1103 articles (458 in PubMed and 645 in Scopus). Only articles related to the involvement of NGF in pain or articles that approached its potential use as a target in treatment of pain symptoms were included. Duplicates were eliminated and 274 articles were excluded. After careful analysis, 23 articles were selected for review. Original articles studying the role of NGF in pathology as well as its modulation as a possible therapeutic target were included. We found that NGF is widely regarded as a key player in neuropathic pain and seen as a putative therapeutic target. However, evidence obtained from years of clinical trials highlights the toxic adverse effects of anti-NGF therapeutics, precluding its use in clinical context. Further studies are, thus, needed to improve treatment of chronic neuropathic pain.
Early Age Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Zeolite Based Cementitious Materials
Authors: Islam Md. Shariful , Mohr Benjamin J.
Published: July 2022

Previous studies have shown that the partial replacement of portland cement with natural zeolite can improve the strength and durability of cementitious systems. However, the hydration of clinoptilolite zeolite cementitious materials at an early age as well as microstructural development has not been fully understood. In this study, natural clinoptilolite zeolite replaced portland cement at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 % by mass as a supplementary cementitious material. Particle size distribution and mineral phase identification of zeolite particles were done by laser diffraction particle size analysis and x-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Workability, setting time, chemical shrinkage, heat of hydration via isothermal calorimetry, compressive strength, and degree of hydration were used to assess the effects of zeolite addition on early age properties. Furthermore, pozzolanic activity via thermal gravimetric analysis, chemical and microstructural characterization were accomplished by XRD as well as scanning electron microscopy. Results revealed that the addition of zeolite lowered the heat of hydration and minimized or shifted the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) peak in the heat of hydration curve. Results also indicated that the addition of zeolite likely produced calcium aluminate silicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) at an early age, due to the initial dissolution of aluminate concentration in the alkaline solution. Furthermore, the addition of zeolite can accelerate the early age of hydration by reducing the initial and final setting time of pastes. As zeolite dosage rate increased, compressive strength decreased because of the slow pozzolanic reactivity as well as the lower degree of hydration. Results also showed that zeolite led to the formation of elongated needle-shaped and fibrous hydration products.
Examination of the Available Alkali Test Method for Supplementary Cementitious Materials
Authors: Kalina Ryan , Al-Shmaisani Saif , Ferron Raissa , Juenger Maria C. G.
Published: July 2022

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) generally have more variability in their alkali contents than portland cement. The alkali content of SCMs and cements is important as these can contribute to the initiation and progression of alkali-silica reaction (ASR). The “available alkali” test in ASTM C311, Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete, measures the amount of sodium and potassium in an SCM that are available to the pore solution in concrete and thus available to participate in the ASR. The relevance of the available alkali test has been questioned, particularly the length of the test and the unrepresentative initial pH of the reagent solution. This study evaluated modifications to the ASTM C311 available alkali test method that included varying the length of curing, increasing the pH of the reagent solution, and reducing the mass ratio of the SCM to calcium hydroxide to better represent conditions in real concrete. The modifications examined in this study produced results that were only marginally different from the ASTM C311 standard test method for determining available alkalis, suggesting that the existing test method may be appropriate for use in spite of its perceived drawbacks, and added complexity in testing is not necessary to improve relevance.
Drop-on-Demand Characterization and Shape Memory Performance of UV-Curable Shape Memory Polymers for Four-Dimensional Printing
Authors: Nachimuthu Manikandan , Kannappan Rajesh Pungampalayam
Published: July 2022

The current study investigated the inkjet printability and shape memory performance of shape memory polymers prepared from commercially available ultraviolet light curable polymers named Vero PureWhite (RGD837) and Agilus30 (FLX985) for four-dimensional (4-D) printing. The rheological properties of the samples, such as density, dynamic viscosity, and surface tension, were measured to calculate the dimensionless number “Z.” The value of “Z” calculated for all the samples was within the typical inkjet printability value of 1 < Z < 10. From the calculated dimensionless numbers, the Weber number (We) should be greater than 4 for droplets to be generated. Satellite formation with the main droplet was observed for Samples S3 (0.5 RGD837 + 0.5 FLX985), S4 (0.9 RGD837 + 0.1 FLX985), and S5 (0.3 RGD837 + 0.7 FLX985) in the numerical simulation. However, as the main drop progressed further, the satellite drops coalesced with the main droplet, resulting in a single stable droplet. The developed numerical model using the level set method supports the validation of drop characteristics prior to experimentation with various inkjet nozzles. Further, the numerical model was validated with an experimental study by ejecting the inks through a 0.1 mm diameter nozzle using a 27 mm piezo disk. Sample strips printed using the prepared inks demonstrated complete shape recovery at ∼45°C in bridge and cantilever mode at 9 and 7 s, respectively, with a shape recovery ratio of 99.4 %. The investigation validated that it is possible to inkjet 4-D print with the prepared shape memory polymers because 4-D printing that uses the inkjet method demands inks with highly controlled rheological properties. The properties in achieving the drop-on-demand performance of an ink such as diameter, velocity, and volume exhibited good correlation, indicating that the drop-on-demand performance of a polymer ink can be validated numerically, along with the printability diagrams.
Fall of the House of Keller
Authors: Offenburger Andrew
Published: July 2022

This article narrates the struggle of one cross-border company, Henry Workman Keller’s Compañía del Rancho de San Isidro (CRSI), to reconcile moral and legal ownership of its lands in Baja California after 1911. Decades of Keller’s correspondence and other archival collections in the Huntington Library in San Marino, California, together with documents from the Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas at the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California in Tijuana, afford a rare behind-the-scenes examination of U.S. capitalist expansion in revolutionary Mexico. While historians have characterized the American presence south of the border as an “empire,” this term occludes historical contingencies and overlooks the variegated power of borderland enterprises. CRSI records challenge such a generalization, and the company’s history presents a case study in fragility. It shows how peasants with modest means could frustrate businessmen with vast networks, thereby exposing the uncertain nature of American capital. Far from an omnipotent, ubiquitous empire, U.S. economic expansion into Mexico depended on the particular venture, owner, and location. Title to acres did not necessarily correspond to power on the ground.
Aztlán in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Johnson Diana K.
Published: July 2022

This article examines the multiracial politics of the Mexican American diaspora in the Pacific Northwest during the 1970s. In Seattle, Washington, Chicanos countered their small demographic presence and the city’s lack of a barrio through cross-racial solidarity. Activists built alliances with African Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans and used the political power of multiracial unity to mitigate the struggles of ethnic Mexican farmworkers who relocated to Seattle. Facilitating this process, Seattleites of Mexican descent redefined “la raza” (the people or the race) to mean “all the people,” merging aspects of cultural nationalism with interracial politics. In turn, Seattle’s Chicano Movement helped bring community-led social services to numerous communities of color in the white-dominated city.
Framing de la pobreza: análisis del uso del enfoque individualista frente al enfoque estructuralista en la prensa mexicana
Authors: Medina Fuentes Alejandro , Muñiz Carlos
Published: July 2022

Existe amplia evidencia de la capacidad que tienen los medios de comunicación para influir en la opinión pública sobre los problemas sociales, como es el caso de la pobreza. La existencia de este fenómeno habitualmente ha sido explicada bien desde un enfoque individualista -se visualiza la pobreza como una situación vinculada a malas decisiones tomadas por las personas en esta situación- o un enfoque estructuralista -se considera que la pobreza se origina fundamentalmente en las condiciones políticas, económicas y sociales del entorno-. México cuenta con cerca de la mitad de la población en situación de pobreza o pobreza extrema, lo que hace considerablemente importante estudiar el framing ofrecido por los medios a este asunto. Para ello, se analizaron 663 noticias sobre pobreza publicados a lo largo de 2019 por cuatro de los periódicos con mayor difusión nacional. Se analizó la presencia de frames genéricos y dos específicos relativos al enfoque individualista o estructuralista de la pobreza. Los resultados arrojan una preponderancia del enfoque estructuralista, que se ve acentuada cuando la fuente utilizada para construir la nota es la fuente gubernamental.
Arqueología romana y decoraciones palaciegas
Authors: Romero Recio Mirella
Published: July 2022

El antiguo Ministerio de Marina y actual Cuartel General de la Armada, en Madrid, conserva unas decoraciones pictóricas que fueron trasladadas desde el Palacio de los Secretarios de Estado. Este artículo analizará cómo, para llevar a cabo las pinturas de este edificio en el siglo XVIII, los artistas recurrieron tanto a los dibujos de restos arqueológicos que habían realizado durante sus estancias en Italia, como a las publicaciones que recogían dichos restos. Asimismo, el estudio mostrará algunos errores en la interpretación que se ha hecho de estas decoraciones por parte de los especialistas.
La topografía del conocimiento jesuita en Filipinas: la Relación (1654) del padre Francisco Combés, SJ.
Authors: Coello Alexandre
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo trata de demostrar que la Relación de las islas Filipinas (ca. 1654) respondía a la necesidad de proporcionar “entera notiçia de las cosas” al nuevo gobernador de Filipinas, Don Sabiniano Manrique de Lara, con el fin de promover el buen gobierno. Como señaló Brendecke, la recopilación del conocimiento empírico se convirtió en la herramienta indispensable de la Monarquía hispánica para «vencer la distancia» de su vasto imperio. En un contexto de conflicto abierto con los moros del sur de Filipinas, la Relación de Francisco Combés fue una obra menor pero no por ello menos importante. Se trataba de un informe completo –entera relación– que utilizaba un conocimiento testimonial (autóptico) y prácticas empíricas, con sesgos imperialistas. Sin embargo, este nuevo conocimiento no fue una imposición de modelos culturales hegemónicos, sino el resultado de intercambios culturales entre las culturas musulmana, cristiana y autóctona.
"L'affetto disordinato verso le patrie": i gesuiti tra ideale universalistico e prassi "nazionalista" nell’Europa del ‘600
Authors: Rurale Flavio
Published: July 2022

Il saggio intende affrontare il tema delle fedeltà plurime e “nazionali” che caratterizzano l’agire politico dei padri della Compagnia di Gesù nelle corti cattoliche del XVII secolo. In particolare analizza la crisi del rapporto con il re cattolico e le relazioni sempre più strette con la monarchia francese volute dal generale Claudio Acquaviva a partire dalla conversione di Enrico IV. La storia seicentesca dei gesuiti evidenza scelte coerenti con gli interessi nazionali perseguiti dai sovrani presso le cui corti operarono; direi anzi con i singoli partiti cortigiani. Ne esce così ridimensionata l’idea di una ordine religioso alle dipendenze del papa. L’indagine è condotta anche attraverso l’analisi dell’attività e degli scritti di alcuni docenti gesuiti di Milano e Venezia del secondo ‘600, interessati al confronto e al dibattito non solo coi loro studenti ma anche con esponenti dei ceti sociali impegnati in attività politiche, economiche e diplomatiche. Infine il saggio evidenzia l’acuirsi della contestazione verso la Compagnia di fine XVII secolo, da parte di altri ordini religiosi e della curia romana.
Misión y misiones en San Ignacio: unas pinceladas
Authors: Soto Wenceslao
Published: July 2022

El campo de las misiones entre infieles ha caracterizado la actividad de los jesuitas en toda su historia. Su origen está en la Misión con mayúsculas, como consecuencia del cuarto voto de obediencia especial al papa circa missiones (específico de esta orden religiosa), del que es una de sus primeras concreciones. Por ello, pretendemos estudiar los orígenes de este ministerio en san Ignacio de Loyola. Nos fijaremos especialmente en dos temas: uno de ellos, con un significado especial para el fundador, fue la misión de Etiopía, para la que elaboró unas completas instrucciones, modelo de su modo propio de actuar. El otro, lo que después se ha llamado inculturación, de la que encontramos en san Ignacio los primeros apuntes.
Автохвилі, спричинені фазовим переходом першого роду
Authors: Bulavin L.A. , Zabashta Yu.F. , Lazarenko M.M. , Vergun L.Yu. , Ogorodnik K.O. , Hnatiuk K.I.
Published: July 2022

Встановлено, що в процесi фазового переходу першого роду можуть виникати автохвилi, поширення яких супроводжується автоколиваннями температури та фазового складу. Сформульовано умови, за яких згаданi хвилi виникають. Показано, що поширення автохвиль має приводити до значних флуктуацiй макроскопiчних параметрiв в околi температури переходу.
Pediatric Schwartz Rounds: Influencing Provider Insights and Emotional Connectedness
Authors: Meyer Rina , Lu Wei-Hsin , Post Stephen G. , Chandran Latha
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Schwartz Rounds (SR) is an interdisciplinary program that focuses on compassionate care by allowing the formation of an interprofessional community around the human and emotional testimonies of caregivers. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of implementing departmental SR on pediatric care providers at a tertiary care children’s hospital in New York.

METHODS

We applied the logic outcomes model for program evaluation to examine the impact of SR on pediatric providers. The standard evaluation form provided by the Schwartz Center was used to collect data after every SR. Descriptive statistics and qualitative data content analysis methods were used to analyze the evaluation data from the SR.

RESULTS

A total of 820 standard evaluation forms were collected from 17 of the 23 SR sessions offered (response rate: 74.8%). Most participants felt that, during the SR sessions, challenging social and emotional aspects of patient care were discussed and that they gained better perspectives of their coworkers and their patients/families. They reported less isolation and more openness to express their feelings about patient care to their coworkers. The analysis of 299 written comments identified 5 themes: understanding other people’s perspectives, the importance of communication, empathy and compassion, awareness of personal biases, and maintaining boundaries.

CONCLUSIONS

Schwartz Rounds can provide an effective venue for pediatric care providers to gain insights into coworker and patient/family perspectives and process emotional experiences while providing patient care in a variety of circumstances.
Improving Caregiver Understanding of Liquid Acetaminophen Administration at Primary Care Visits
Authors: Cullen Sean M. , Osorio Snezana Nena , Abramson Erika A. , Kyvelos Efniki
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES

Liquid medication dosing errors are common in pediatrics. Our outpatient clinic identified gaps in caregiver education based on a 2015 American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement on prescribing liquid medications. This quality improvement (QI) initiative sought to improve caregiver’s understanding of liquid acetaminophen administration at the 2-month well-child visit from 30% to 70% over a 32-month period.

METHODS

A resident-led interdisciplinary QI team performed sequential interventions to improve our outcome measure: the percentage of caregivers with an adequate understanding of 4 essential components of liquid acetaminophen administration (name, indication, dose, and frequency). Outcome data were collected via a 4-item verbal assessment of caregiver’s understanding by nursing staff, with correct answers to all items considered adequate understanding. Process measures (medications prescribed and education provided), and balancing measures (anticipatory guidance items discussed) were gathered via electronic health record review. Shewhart “P” charts and established rules for detecting special cause variation were used to analyze data. Scatter plots assessed the association between the provision of syringes and caregiver understanding of medication administration.

RESULTS

In 636 caregivers, overall understanding of medication use improved from 39.8% to 74%. Knowledge of accurate dosage improved from 50.9% to 76.8%. Correlation between syringe provision and caregiver understanding was strong (R = .84).

CONCLUSIONS

Resident-led QI improved caregiver’s understanding of liquid acetaminophen administration in infants. The most impactful interventions were implementation of English and Spanish pictograms and provision of dose-demarcated oral syringes, coupled with teach-back. Future interventions will examine generalizability to other medications and expansion to other services.
Three- and four-term recurrence relations for Horn's hypergeometric function $H_4$
Authors: Dmytryshyn R.I. , Lutsiv I.-A.V.
Published: July 2022

Three- and four-term recurrence relations for hypergeometric functions of the second order (such as hypergeometric functions of Appell, Horn, etc.) are the starting point for constructing branched continued fraction expansions of the ratios of these functions. These relations are essential for obtaining the simplest structure of branched continued fractions (elements of which are simple polynomials) for approximating the solutions of the systems of partial differential equations, as well as some analytical functions of two variables. In this study, three- and four-term recurrence relations for Horn's hypergeometric function $H_4$ are derived. These relations can be used to construct branched continued fraction expansions for the ratios of this function and they are a generalization of the classical three-term recurrent relations for Gaussian hypergeometric function underlying Gauss' continued fraction.
The ephemeral blink of an eye
Authors: Castanheira José Cláudio Siqueira
Published: July 2022

Jean-Luc Godard’s recent films, Adieu au Langage (2014) and Le Livre d’Image (2018), seem to amplify his already known concern with making cinema from cinematographic matter itself. In cinema, historically, the clash between singularity and standardization of experience has always been present. Today, complex systems of cultural legitimation that permeate the production chain work as filters for what can be seen and preserved as an archive. This work proposes some reflections on the fleetingness of the filmic experience present in the multiple processes of circulation and preservation of archives as a material framing of memory.
The construction of family in German feature films in the digital era
Authors: Wiedemann Thomas
Published: July 2022

This paper critically examines images of domestic life in German cinema in the digital era. Based on the assumption that the film medium in Germany, which is largely sponsored by the state, reflects struggles for legitimate meaning, the discourse analysis of 20 outstanding German feature films dealing with family matters from the past decade reveals that despite cultural and technological changes, national film output mainly constructs idealistic family scenarios that plead for cohesion and are hardly progressive.
Minería de texto en la Encuesta Nacional de Transparencia 2019
Authors: Centeno-Mora Oscar , Gónzalez-Évora Felipe
Published: July 2022

Codificar y analizar preguntas abiertas provenientes de encuestas de opinión suele ser laborioso. La minería de texto ofrece una alternativa para ese tipo de problemática. Se utilizaron los datos de preguntas abiertas provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de Percepción sobre la Transparencia 2019. Se aplica la minería de texto desde un enfoque descriptivo como predictivo: este último posee un interés predominante al realizar la codificación automática de respuestas o categorías a partir del aprendizaje automático supervisado. Se emplean algoritmos de máquinas de soporte vectorial, clasificador ingenuo de Bayes, bosques aleatorios, XGBoost y vecinos más cercanos. Los resultados del análisis descriptivo permiten apreciar las descripciones, visualizaciones y relaciones en el análisis de las preguntas abiertas. El análisis predictivo reseña que los algoritmos seleccionados con mayor ocurrencia para las preguntas abiertas fueron el clasificador ingenuo de Bayes y los bosques aleatorios, mostrando precisiones de entre 48% y 76%. Se obtuvieron resultados similares en comparación con las categorías que fueron codificadas manualmente. Se aprecian resultados satisfactorios en el análisis integral de las 12 preguntas de la encuesta.
Deep Gaussian processes and infinite neural networks for the analysis of EEG signals in Alzheimer’s diseases
Authors: Román Krishna , Cumbicus Andy , Infante Saba , Fonseca-Delgado Rigoberto
Published: July 2022

Deep neural network models (DGPs) can be represented hierarchically by a sequential composition of layers. When the prior distribution over the weights and biases are independently identically distributed, there is an equivalence with Gaussian processes (GP) in the limit of an infinite net[1]work width. DGPs are non-parametric statistical models used to character[1]ize patterns of complex non-linear systems due to their flexibility, greater generalization capacity, and a natural way of making inferences about the parameters and states of the system. This article proposes a hierarchi[1]cal Bayesian structure to model the weights and biases of a deep neural network. We deduce a general formula to calculate the integrals of Gaussian processes with non-linear transfer densities and obtain a kernel to estimate the covariance functions. In the methodology, we conduct an empirical study analyzing an electroencephalogram (EEG) database for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, the DGPs models are esti[1]mated and compared with the NN models for 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 neurons in the hidden layer, considering two transfer functions: Recti[1]fied Linear Unit (ReLU) and hyperbolic Tangent (Tanh). The results show good performance in the classification of the signals. Finally, we use the mean square error as a goodness of fit measure to validate the proposed models, obtaining low estimation errors.
Grupos ortogonales sobre cuerpos de característica positiva
Authors: Zhang Robin
Published: July 2022

Esta exposición examina la teoría de los grupos ortogonales y sus subgrupos sobre cuerpos de característica positiva, que recientemente se han utilizado como una herramienta importante en el estudio de las formas automórficas y la funcionalidad de Langlands. Presentamos la clasificación de grupos ortogonales sobre un cuerpo finito F utilizando la teoría de formas bilineales y formas cuadráticas en característica positiva. Usando el determinante y la norma del espinor cuando la característica de F es impar y usando la invariante de Dickson cuando la característica de F es par, también encontramos subgrupos especiales del grupo ortogonal.
Efficiency of the heating convectors with aluminum ribbing
Authors: Voznyak Orest , Spodyniuk Nadiia , Savchenko Olena , Sukholova Iryna , Kasynets Mariana , Dovbush Oleksandr
Published: July 2022

The work is devoted to study of thermal efficiency of heating convectors with aluminum ribbing to ensure comfortable indoor conditions. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate theoretically and experimentally the thermal efficiency of convector-type heaters with aluminum ribbing, to implement numerical simulation and to obtain dependencies for determination of thermal characteristics of convector-type heaters with aluminum ribbing, ensuring of a proper both indoor climate in the premise and energy saving. A nomogram of interdependence between heat amount, heat carrying medium flow rate, the initial and final temperatures was created. Heat quantity increases with increasing heat carrying medium flow rate, the inlet temperature and decreases with increasing of the exit temperature.
Effect of Endurance Exercise and Methamphetamine Administration on the Expression of Blood-Brain Barrier Related Factors and BDNF in Hippocampus of Male Sprague-Dawley Rat
Authors: Jung Su-Ryun
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term endurance exercise and methamphetamine administration on bloodbrain barrier (BBB)-related marker and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.METHODS: Forty male SD-rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups and treated for 2 weeks. For the methamphetamine group, 1 mg/ kg (+)-S-Methamphetamine hydrochloride (METH) was intraperitoneally injected daily, and an endurance exercise was performed at 21 m/min for 60 minutes. All treatments were performed daily, and METH or saline was administered after exercise. After 2 weeks of treatment, the head was decapitated under anesthesia, and the hippocampus was separated for western blotting.RESULTS: Two weeks of endurance exercise significantly increased the expression of occludin and claudin-5 in the hippocampus of the rats. Similarly, phosphorylation of CREB/BDNF and AKT/GSK3 signaling pathways were significantly increased. This phenomenon was also observed in the exercise and METH co-treatment groups. However, the single treatment of 1 mg/kg METH did not affect tight junction protein and BDNF expression.CONCLUSIONS: Endurance exercise increased the expression of BBB-related proteins and neurogenesis-related molecules, which were not inhibited by METH administration.
Corn crop responds positively to fertigation with black water from sewage treated by decentralized anaerobic system
Authors: Abreu Pedro Alcantara da Silva , Costa Bruno Ricardo Silva , Oldoni Henrique , Silva Wilson Tadeu Lopes da , Bassoi Luís Henrique
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT The basic sanitation systems are not enough to meet the sanitary requirements in the rural areas of Brazil. Hence, a decentralized anaerobic system was developed by Embrapa to enable the treatment of domestic sewage. The treated sewage effluent (TSE) should be applied to completely replace the N from mineral fertilizer required by corn plants, a typical crop cultivated by Brazilian smallholder farmings for animal feed. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the corn crop responses to the use of TSE as fertilizer. A field experiment was carried out in a sandy clay loam soil at São Carlos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, over 2018-2019 summer growing season of a hybrid corn cultivar with dual aptitude (grain and silage production). Four treatments about application of different nutrient sources were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications: 1- NPK: urea, simple superphosphate and potassium chloride as nutrient sources; 2- EfPK: TSE as N source + PK from mineral fertilizers; 3- Ef: TSE only; 4- PK: mineral fertilizers only. TSE was applied to crop by short and closed-end furrow irrigation. TSE can be used as a source of nitrogen mainly and other nutrients for corn crop nutrition based on the knowledge of effluent nutrient concentrations. TSE split application through fertirrigation can lead to corn yield parameters close to those from NPK application using only mineral fertilizers as nutrient sources. The reuse of this wastewater is feasible for small-scale corn production which is typical of Brazilian smallholder farming.
TREATMENT OF QUADRICEPS TENDON RUPTURE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: A 2020 UPDATE
Authors: Malta Luis Marcelo de Azevedo , Santos Alair Augusto Sarmet Moreira Damas dos , Malta Marcio Carpi , Machado Leonardo Martins , Lugon Jocemir Ronaldo
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Quadriceps tendon tears are uncommon injuries often associated with chronic diseases, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The role of secondary hyperparathyroidism as a predisposing factor for tendon tears in this group of patients is well documented, and the weakening of the tendon-bone junction is part of this context. The treatment of choice for quadriceps tendon ruptures in patients with ESRD is surgery, which should be performed as soon as possible. There are several surgical techniques to be used, but the lack of comparative studies does not allow us to conclude which one is the best option. More recent publications have preferred the association of techniques, with emphasis on the use of autologous tendon grafts as a reinforcement tool, which is the author’s procedure of choice. Recent studies reported the use of biological agents to stimulate healing and allografts, but the information seems preliminary to be routinely recommended. Level of evidence II; Obsevation of therapeutic studies.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON SPINE SURGERY IN A TERTIARY HEALTH CARE INSTITUTION
Authors: Tavares Junior Mauro Costa Morais , Silva Rafael Júlio Garcia Brandão e , Marcon Raphael Martus , Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Barros Filho Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de , Letaif Olavo Biraghi
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess postoperative complications, including COVID-19 infection, among patients undergoing surgeries at a tertiary institution during the pandemic, and to develop a local epidemiological profile of spine surgery patients. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of all patients who underwent spine surgery between March 2020 and 14 January 2021 in a tertiary institution in Latin America. All patients who underwent spine surgery were included, without age restrictions. The main outcomes were postoperative complications, including COVID-19 infection. Results: 74 patients were included in the study, 43 males and 31 females. The average age was 49.6 years. The mean duration of hospitalization was 11.5 days. Urgent surgeries were performed in 60.81% of cases. During hospitalization, only 5 of 74 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19, and only 1 patient had pulmonary involvement estimated to be greater than 50%. On average, 1.9 surgical debridements were required after postoperative surgical site infection. Conclusions: During the hospitalization period, only 6.7% of patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 infection death rate was 1 in 5 cases. The postoperative surgical site infection rate was 10.8%, similar to the level before the pandemic. Level of Evidence IV; Observational retrospective descriptive study .
Profilaxia com lock de etanol em cateter venoso central de longa permanência em crianças com disfunção intestinal grave: relato de seis casos
Authors: Falcão Mário Cícero , Castro Gabriela Ibrahim Martins de , Framil Juliana Valeria de Souza , Bigio Juliana Zoboli Del , Tannuri Ana Cristina Aoun
Published: July 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o uso de lock de etanol na profilaxia infecciosa de cateteres venosos de longa permanência em recém-nascidos com disfunção intestinal grave e dependentes de nutrição parenteral total e prolongada, internados em um Centro de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (nível terciário) entre 2015 e 2020. Das 914 admissões, seis (0,65%) recém-nascidos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A mediana da idade da passagem do cateter foi de 121,5 dias, sendo dois cateteres PowerPicc (PICC Power Sinergy™, São Paulo), um cateter Groshong (Groshong™ Central Venous Catheter BD, São Paulo) e três cateteres de silicone, todos tunelizados. O tempo de permanência apresentou mediana de 182,5 dias. Cinco pacientes apresentaram pelo menos um episódio de infecção associada ao cateter venoso central, sendo isolados agentes Gram-positivos, negativos e fungos. A mediana de dias de internação foi de 555, e a mortalidade, 33,3%. O lock de etanol não apresentou efeitos colaterais e foi relativamente eficaz na prevenção de infecções relacionadas ao cateter venoso central.