bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partial substitution of sodium chloride in Toscana sausages and the effect on product characteristics
Authors: Seganfredo Diogo , Rodrigues Sidnei , Kalschne Daneysa Lahis , Sarmento Cleonice Mendes Pereira , Canan Cristiane
Published: July 2016

High sodium intake has been linked with problems of hypertension and in Brazil, it still has above that recommended by the World Health Organization. Meat products contribute 20–30% of sodium intake in the diet, indicating the necessity of reducing the amount of sodium added. The aim of this study was to reduce the sodium content in Toscana sausages by partial replacement of sodium chloride with PuraQ Arome NA4 substitute, and to evaluate the effect on physico-chemical and microbiological parameters and sensory acceptability. Three formulations – one control (T1), and one with 20% (T2) and another with 30% (T3) sodium reduction compared with the control – were produced. For comparative purposes, the physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory parameters were determined. In the proposed formulations with 20% and 30% reduction, the sodium contents were 857.3 mg 100 g-1 (T2) and 790.3 mg 100 g-1 (T3), compared with 926.7 mg 100 g-1 in T1. The produced samples were in accordance with the physico-chemical (moisture, lipid, protein and calcium) and microbiological (Salmonella, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, and sulphite-reducing Clostridium and Coliforms at 45°C) parameters stipulated by Brazilian law. The analysis of lightness and hue indicated that the sample T3 had a more intense red colour, while T1 had a less intense red colour. In the shear force evaluation, no difference was observed between the samples. The sample T2 was the most preferred in the ordering of preference test; however, in the hedonic scale, there was no difference between the means of sensory values for roast colour, aroma, texture, flavour and overall impression, indicating that all samples had adequate sensory acceptance. Acceptability levels were greater than 74.6% for all attributes evaluated in T1, T2 and T3.
Barbatiman and chitosan creams as adjuvants in rabbit skin wound healing
Authors: Lima Caroline Rocha de Oliveira , Silva Luiz Antônio Franco da , Rabelo Rogério Elias , Vulcani Valcinir Aloísio Scalla , Assis Bruno Moraes , Lopes Welber Daniel Zanetti , Mascarenhas Lucas José Santos , Oliveira Rhavilla Santos de
Published: July 2016

In this study, 5% barbatiman and 5% chitosan creams were evaluated as adjuvants in the tissue repair process by secondary intention of rabbit’s skin wounds. Four equidistant wounds were induced in the dorsal skin of 20 adult male rabbits, which were submitted to healing by secondary intention and treated with 5% chitosan cream (QC, n=5), 5% barbatiman cream (BC, n=5), 2% allantoin cream (n=5), and base cream (n=5). The creams were applied with the aid of disposable spatulas after washing the wounds. The wounds were daily analyzed by clinical examination for 21 days and histological analyses were performed on the 3rd, 14th, and 21st day after induction. The microscopic evaluation of the wounds of all groups showed macroscopic features of the healing process at different time intervals. The QC and BC treatments helped in the skin repair process in rabbits when compared to the other two treatments. They induced fibroblast activation and early collagen deposition, and modulated re-epithelialization and neovascularization. Thus, it was concluded that BC and QC are efficient and economically feasible as adjuvants in the healing process of skin wounds in rabbits.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus e Salmonella enterica isolados de pescados capturados no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos
Authors: Rosa Janaina Viana da , Silva Carolina Janelli da , Barbosa Franciele , Bairros Jacqueline , Duval Eduarda Hallal , Helbig Elizabete , Timm Cláudio Dias
Published: July 2016

Microorganisms that cause human diseases can contaminate fishes in aquatic environments as well as during their capture, handling, and transport. The purpose of this study was to isolate Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella enterica from fishes captured in the Lagoa dos Patos estuary that were eviscerated and cleaned for trade. Thirteen fish landing were analyzed and 65 entire fishes and 65 cleaned fishes were studied to determine the presence of V. parahaemolyticus and S. enterica. Bacterial isolates were compared using rep-PCR. V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from one entire Micropogonias furnieri and two entire Mugil platanus, as well as from three eviscerated M. platanus. S. enterica was isolated from two eviscerated Paralichthys orbignyanus. Identical rep-PCR bands from V. parahaemolyticus were observed in entire and eviscerated fishes from the same discharge, suggesting processing failures that neither eliminated the microorganism from the raw material nor prevented cross-contamination. S. enterica was not isolated from entire fishes, presumably because contamination occurred due to hygiene and sanitary failures. Our results showed that M. furnieri and M. platanus captured in the Lagoa dos Patos estuary may host V. parahaemolyticus and that this microorganism, as with S. enterica, may also persist even after the fish is cleaned. This is the first record of the isolation of V. parahaemolyticus from M. furnieri.
Bovine mastitis: prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile and detection of genes associated with biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Casanova Valeska Paula , Appio Juceam , Kohl Eduardo , Michaelsen Tais Regina , Paim Daniel Santos , Brunetto Thaís Regina , Pellegrini Débora Da Cruz Payão , Bennemann Paulo Eduardo , Collet Silvana Giacomini , Girardini Lilian Kolling
Published: July 2016

Brazil currently ranks as one of the world leaders in food production and exportation. This scenario encourages the development of animal and plant health programs to ensure the production of safe food, helping the country to become an international provider of food for excellence. However, some health problems in dairy production, such as mastitis, have garnered increasing concern. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of bovine mastitis in select properties located in the western Santa Catarina region, to assess the susceptibility profile to antimicrobial agents used for treatment and to check for the presence of genes (icaA and icaD) associated with biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. In 148 milk samples collected, 72.97% had bacterial growth (n = 108). Among the isolated microorganisms, 21.62% (n = 32) were classified as Staphylococcus aureus, 18.91% (n = 28) as Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negative, 7.43% (n = 11) as Corynebacterium sp., 6.76% (n = 10) as Staphylococcus sp. coagulase positive, 5.41% (n = 8) as Nocardia sp. and 12.83% (n = 19) classified in different bacterial genera. Among the isolates submitted for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, it was observed that 8.95% (n = 6/67) had resistance to amoxicillin, 8.04% (n = 7/87) to ampicillin, 5.88% (n = 5/85) to cephalothin, 3.40% (n = 3/88) to ceftiofur and enrofloxacin, 20.45% (n = 18/88) to streptomycin, 17.04% (n = 15/88) to gentamicin and lincomycin, 31.81% (n = 28/88) to neomycin, 14.94% (n = 13/87) to penicillin and 25% (n = 22/88) to tetracycline. Staphylococcus sp. coagulase negative isolates showed higher multidrug resistance when compared to those of S. aureus and Staphylococcus sp. coagulase positive. Thirty-one strains of S. aureus isolates were genotypically tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), yielding a positive result for the icaA gene in 83.87% of the samples, 80.64% positive for icaD and 74.19% of these showed both genes. The results reinforce the importance of controlling this disease by adopting strict hygiene protocols and disinfection of equipment used for milking and the prescription of appropriate therapies to clinical and subclinical cases of mastitis, as well as evaluating not only the susceptibility profile of isolates but also the biofilm formation capacity.
Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus infection in newborn calves before colostrum intake
Authors: Martin Camila Cecilia , Baccili Camila Costa , Silva Bruno Toledo , Novo Sylvia Marquart Fontes , Sobreira Natália Meirelles , Pituco Edviges Maristela , Gomes Viviani
Published: July 2016

The detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection, especially among persistently infected calves (PI), should be performed earlier in order to eliminate the source of the infection and to prevent the spread of the disease in the herd. However, colostrum intake can influence the results of some of the tests used to diagnose the BVDV infection. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of serum neutralization (SN) test in conjunction with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the diagnosis of BVDV infection before colostrum intake. The deliveries of the animals were assisted to select 52 newborn Holstein calves for inclusion in the study. Initially, the whole blood and serum samples were collected from the calves before (T0) and after (T1) the colostrum intake. The calves that were RT-PCR positive at any of the time-points were retested on the 30th day post birth (T2). The presence of specific antibodies for BVDV was evaluated by SN, and that of viral RNA by the RT-PCR. The BVDV-specific antibodies were observed in the serum of 13.46% (7/52) of the calves at T0 because of fetal infection. At T1, seroconversion was observed in 100% (52/52) of the calves. The geometric mean titers (GMT) of the antibodies for BVDV increased significantly from T0 (14.52) to T1 (2490) (P = 0.0001). Of the four calves that were RT-PCR positive before colostrum intake (T0), two were seronegative and two, seropositive. Of the forty-eight RT-PCR negative calves, five were seropositive. After 30 days post birth, all of the animals tested negative by RT-PCR, thus excluding the possibility of persistent infection. The association observed between the results of the SN and RT-PCR assays at T0 (P = 0.025) could not be observed at T1 (P > 0.05). The SN test before the colostrum intake allowed the detection of fetal infection in the herd; however, this test was ineffective as a diagnostic method after the transfer of passive immunity. The confirmation of the results of the SN assay by those of the RT-PCR was essential for the identification of the infected calves before colostrum intake.
Oxidative stress in dogs
Authors: Russo Claudia , Bracarense Ana Paula F. Rodrigues Loureiro
Published: July 2016

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), also known as free radicals, are generated during cellular respiration. Under normal conditions, the body has the ability to neutralize the effects of free radicals by using its antioxidant defenses. In the case of an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, free radical production exceeds the capacity of organic combustion, resulting in oxidative stress. Of all the cellular components compromised by the harmful effects of ROS, the cell membrane is the most severely affected owing to lipid peroxidation, which invariably leads to changes in the membrane structure and permeability. With lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane, some by-products can be detected and measured in tissues, blood, and other bodily fluids. The measurement of biomarkers of oxidative stress is commonly used to quantify lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane in humans, a species in which ROS can be considered as a cause or consequence of oxidative stress-related diseases. In dogs, few studies have demonstrated this correlation. The present review aims to identify current literature knowledge relating to oxidative stress diseases and their detection in dogs.
Correlations of intake, digestibility and performance with the ingestive behavior of lambs fed diets containing ammoniated buffel grass hay
Authors: Perazzo Alexandre Fernandes , Homem Neto Sansão De Paula , Ribeiro Ossival Lolato , Santos Edson Mauro , Carvalho Gleidson Giordano Pinto de , Oliveira Juliana Da Silva , Rodrigues Thomaz Cyro Guimarães de Carvalho , Pinho Ricardo Martins Araujo
Published: July 2016

This study aimed to evaluate the correlations of intake, digestibility and performance with the ingestive behavior of lambs fed diets containing ammoniated buffel grass hay. Buffel grass hay was treated with four levels of urea (0, 18, 36 and 54 g/kg DM basis) and eight repetitions. Thirty-two sheep with no defined breed and an average body weight of 17.7 ± 1.8 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. It was observed positive correlations were found between the feeding time and the intake of dry matter (r = 0.3120), organic matter (r = 0.3242), neutral detergent fiber (r = 0.3800), total carbohydrates (r = 0.3343) and total digestible nutrients (r = 0.3233). Positive correlations (P < 0.05) were found among the rumination efficiencies, g of DM/h and g of NDF/h with nutrient intake variables, except for ether extract intake. Positive correlations were observed (P < 0.05) between both total weight gain (TWG) and average daily gain (ADG) and the rumination efficiency, g of DM/h (r = 0.3330) and g of NDF/h (r = 0.3304). The feeding and rumination efficiencies have a positive relationship with the total digestible nutrients. The correlation among intake, digestibility and performance variables with the ingestive behavior, it was important for the understanding of diet containing ammoniated buffel grass hay, in which the positive correlation of rumination efficiency with intake and weight gain explained the favorable effect on productive performance of feedlot sheep.

 
Typology of dairy production systems from West Parana State based on production indices and feed used
Authors: Neumann Marcelo Eduardo , Zambom Maximiliane Alavarse , Lange Maichel Jhonattas , Bankuti Ferenc Istvan , Castagnara Deise Dalazen , Dias André Luiz Garcia , Tinini Rodrigo Cesar , Fernandes Tatiane
Published: July 2016

The dairy industry is characterised by a wide diversity of production systems. In this diverse environment, some of the difficulties can be minimised through the grouping of production units through the study of typology. The objective was to characterise the systems of milk production from West Parana State by considering production rates, area, power, facilities, and marketing of milk. To this end, 735 semi-structured interviews with dairy farmers were performed by using a questionnaire for management practices and feed that is used on the farms. To obtain the explanatory variables used for principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), a homogeneous division of 735 farmers in five groups was used. Ten per cent of producers were randomly selected for the performance of field visits to the properties, where a new questionnaire was applied with specific points regarding feeding management on the property, and feed was collected to determine its composition. The collected data were tabulated and feed was ranked based on the classification proposed by the NRC (2001). Analyses of feed were carried out in the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition of Unioeste. The West Parana State has five groups of dairy production systems. There is great variability in the fresh forages that are used, but maize silage is the main forage utilised for fermented feed, and concentrate supplementation is adopted by more than 60% of farms during both seasons. Changes in the levels of feed components are high among systems.
Sperm motility, fertilization, and larval development of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) in copper-contaminated water
Authors: Bombardelli Robie Allan , Neumann Giovano , Toledo Cesar Pereira Rebechi , Sanches Eduardo Antônio , Bastos Denise Nascimento de , Oliveira José Dilson Silva de
Published: July 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of copper-contaminated water on sperm motility, fertilization, and embryonic and larval development of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). A randomized experimental design with five treatments and four replicates was used. Two experiments were carried out: (1) controlled fertilization was performed under different levels of copper contamination and egg hatching was performed in clean water; and (2) copper-contaminated water was used for both fertilization and hatching assays. The time of sperm motility and sperm motility rates linearly decreased with increasing copper concentration in the water. Fertilization and hatching rates were also affected when the concentrations of copper in the water were above 0.0979 mg Cu+2 L-1 and 0.0331 mg Cu+2 L-1, respectively. Gamete exposure to levels between 15 mg Cu+2 L-1 and 60 mg Cu+2 L-1 for short periods of time negatively affected sperm motility, oocyte fertilization, and egg hatching rates. In addition, when gametes and embryos were exposed at levels above 0.03 mg Cu+2 L-1 during long periods of time, egg hatching rates were reduced, and at levels between 0.05 mg Cu+2 L-1 and 0.20 mg Cu+2 L-1 the number of abnormal larvae increased.
Užívání statistické a věcné významnosti v časopise Pedagogická orientace a Pedagogika v posledních deseti letech: pohled statistika
Authors: Soukup Petr
Published: July 2016

Cílem příspěvku bude poukázat na problémy při využívání koncepcí statistické a věcné významnosti v posledním desetiletí ve dvou předních pedagogických časopisech, konkrétně v časopise Pedagogika a Pedagogická orientace. Text po stručném představení tématu obsahuje popis provedené obsahové analýzy dvou pedagogických časopisů a poté přechází k výsledkům provedeného výzkumu ve třech oblastech: nesprávná použití statistické analýzy, její nesprávná interpretace a používání měr věcné významnosti (effect sizes). V závěru autor kromě tradičního shrnutí výsledků a diskuse jejich limitů nabízí možná zlepšení pro publikační i vzdělávací praxi v české pedagogické komunitě. Provedený výzkum ukázal, že kvantitativně zaměřených textů je poměrně málo (ve dvou pedagogických časopisech bylo publikováno 84 textů za 10 let). Více než polovina těchto textů používá koncepci statistické významnosti, i když to prezentovaná data neumožňují. Poměrně málo častá jsou pochybení při interpretaci statistické významnosti, mezi nejrozšířenější patří mechanická práce s daty (nejčastěji užívání hvězdiček). V rozporu se současnými doporučeními se ve zkoumaných časopisech užívá poměrně málo měr věcné významnosti, nadto se užívají jen nejjednodušší míry věcné významnosti. Alarmující je též, že zhruba ve třetině analyzovaných článků chyběla věcná interpretace výsledků.
Třídní učitel v sociálních vztazích se svými žáky: případová studie
Authors: Bendová Alena
Published: July 2016

Cílem předkládané studie je analyzovat determinanty dobrého vztahu mezi třídním učitelem a žáky na střední odborné škole. Zaměřujeme se při tom na osobu třídní učitelky. V první části jsou vymezena teoretická východiska. Vycházíme hlavně z výzkumů expertnosti učitele a výzkumů vztahů mezi učitelem a žáky. V druhé části příspěvku jsou představeny dílčí výsledky případové studie středoškolské třídy s dobrým sociálním klimatem, jež se týkají výhradně zkoumané třídní učitelky. Vzorek tvořilo 24 studentů a třídní učitelka. Na základě analýzy dat byly u učitelky identifikovány jednak osobnostní předpoklady k budování optimálního vztahu s žáky (mateřská starostlivost a vřelost, extroverze a zdravé sebevědomí, životní zkušenosti a mladistvost), jednak charakteristické interpersonální chování k žákům (expresivní komunikace, podněcování, povzbuzování, neformální vedení výuky, péče a podpora, otevřené vyjadřování emocí, naslouchání a sdílení osobních informací a uplatňování vlivu).
Qualidade de vida de pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico
Authors: Costa Gabrielle Morais Arruda , Pinheiro Maria Berenice Gomes Nascimento , Medeiros Soraya Maria de , Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira , Cossi Marcelly Santos
Published: July 2016

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis, así como caracterizarlos, identificar los factores que afectan e influyen en la misma. Se trata de un estudio de campo, descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo realizado en un centro de hemodiálisis en el Alto Sertão da Paraíba, municipio Cajazeiras. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el WHOQOL-BREF para evaluar los puntajes promedio y la calidad de vida de los participantes, así como la prueba de correlación de Pearson entre las variables obtenidas. La muestra estuvo conformada por 39 sujetos. La investigación incluyó a pacientes de ambos sexos: 54% hombres y 46% mujeres y tiene, con respecto a la edad, alta prevalencia de más de 51 años. En general, el dominio más afectado entre los participantes fue el dominio físico (DF), con un promedio de 59.44, y el mejor conservado fue el dominio social (DS), con un promedio de 72.87, reflejado en la Calidad de Vida (QOL) de los pacientes con IR, que mostró un promedio de 64.96. A través del test de correlación de Pearson, hubo una relación significativa entre los diversos ámbitos en los que todos los dominios mostraron una alta correlación con la calidad de vida. Llegamos a la conclusión de que los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis tienen una calidad de vida regular, y el conocimiento de los profesionales sobre este tema es de suma importancia para alcanzar una optimización en el cuidado de los pacientes con IRC sometidos a hemodiálisis
Opiniones de profesores y estudiantes de enfermería respecto al contenido de las tutorías
Authors: Martín María Dolores Guerra , Lima-Serrano Marta , Lima-Rodríguez Joaquín Salvador
Published: July 2016

 Objetivos: Comparar opiniones de profesores y estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Sevilla (España) sobre las cuestiones abordadas en las tutorías, e identificar preferencias temáticas de los estudiantes.

Método: Se aplicaron cuestionarios previamente validados a 181 profesores y 1015 estudiantes. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y bivariante apoyado en SPSS 18.0 (p<0,05) y para la pregunta sobre preferencias temáticas de los estudiantes, se realizó un análisis cualitativo apoyado en ATLAS.ti 6.

Resultados: 56,7% profesoras, edad media 46,8 años. 77,3% alumnas, edad media 21,4 años. 93,4% profesores y 63,2% de estudiantes afirmaron abordar cuestiones académicas, y 62,4% y 36%, respectivamente, sobre cualquier tema (p<0,05). Se observaron diferencias favorables a los profesores con formación en tutorías (p<0,05). Los de mayor grado académico y tiempo completo abordaron más cuestiones académicas y universitarias mientras que los de menor grado académico y tiempo parcial las asistenciales (p<0,05). Hubo 868 comentarios sobre preferencias temáticas de los estudiantes, subrayando los temas académicos (62,4%) y los profesionalizantes (18,2%).

Conclusión: Las características sociodemográficas y la formación previa sobre tutorías del profesorado influyen en el abordaje temático en la tutoría. Es importante dar a conocer las opiniones de estos colectivos y fomentar la formación del profesorado en este tópico.
Fatores da não adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial
Authors: Moura André Almeida , Godoy Simone De , Cesarino Cláudia Bernardi , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: July 2016

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar factores determinantes de la no adhesión al tratamiento de los hipertensos en municipio brasileño. Estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y de enfoque cuantitativo, en el periodo de noviembre de 2012 a abril de 2013. Participaron 138 pacientes hipertensos, siendo 65,9% de sexo femenino, con media de edad de 60,5 años (DP=11,32), 71% con la escolaridad de primer grado incompleto y renta individual de 1 a 2 salarios mínimos. En relación a la ocupación, 39,9% eran jubilados y 21,7% estaban en casa. Entre los factores que contribuyen a la no adhesión al tratamiento 70,3% dos pacientes refirieron aspectos personales. La adhesión fue de 15,9% para el tratamiento no farmacológico y 21% para tratamiento farmacológico. Percibimos la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones en la atención primaria con pacientes hipertensos y desarrollar acciones multiprofesionales que busquen estimular la adhesión al tratamiento de los hipertensos asistidos en el municipio estudiado.
A sexualidade de mulheres em tratamento para o câncer de mama
Authors: Ortiz de Camargo Lopes Juliane da Silveira , Lopes de Andrade Costa Lucimar , Valadares Guimarães Janaína , Vieira Flaviana
Published: July 2016

El cáncer de mama es uno de los principales problemas relacionados con la salud de la mujer, y las diversas formas de tratamiento pueden dar lugar a cambios en el cuerpo y alterar significativamente la sexualidad de las mujeres. Los factores que intervienen en la sexualidad de estas mujeres requieren un enfoque específico, ya que el tratamiento de las mujeres se basa en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de problemas de salud y no cubre necesariamente toda la complejidad que exige el tema.

Objetivo: Evaluar la evidencia científica del tratamiento interferencia de cáncer de mama en la sexualidad de la mujer.

Método: Revisión Integral realizada en MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS y SciELO. Encontramos veintiuna publicaciones que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión.  

Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las mujeres con cáncer de mama pueden disminuir o interrumpir su actividad sexual durante el tratamiento, y que muchas de ellas tienen disfunción sexual con los cambios en varias etapas de la sexualidad, y estos cambios varían entre las mujeres en tratamiento y mujeres que completaron tratamiento. Estas diferencias también surgen cuando se comparan diferentes tipos de tratamiento, conservador y quirúrgico.

Conclusión: Se considera que este estudio contribuye a la fundación de la práctica clínica de los profesionales que intervienen en la salud de las mujeres con cáncer de mama y la dirección de los futuros ensayos clínicos.
El diseño de preguntas clínicas en la práctica basada en la evidencia. Modelos de formulación
Authors: Martínez Díaz Juan Daniel , Ortega Chacón Verónica , Muñoz Ronda Francisco José
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: Identificar estructuras estandarizadas para la formulación de preguntas clínicas en el marco de la práctica basada en la evidencia.

Método: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura. La  búsqueda bibliográfica se efectuó en las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE y LILACS, y en el buscador académico Google Scholar. Se efectuaron estrategias de búsqueda sensibles y acordes a cada base de datos. Límites de búsqueda: intervalo de tiempo (enero de 1995 a abril de 2015), idioma (artículos en inglés). Se usaron palabras clave libres  y descriptores del Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) pertinentes: evidence based practice, question, formulation, well-built question, framework.

Resultados: Se encontraron 10 manuscritos que aportaron el diseño original de estructuras para la formulación de preguntas clínicas en el ámbito de la práctica basada en la evidencia. El modelo PICO es la estructura más conocida y comúnmente utilizada en investigación cuantitativa y de él derivan los modelos PICOT, PICOTT, PICOS, PIPOH, PECORD, PESICO. En el campo de la gestión sanitaria la estructura ECLIPSE se erige para formulación de preguntas relacionadas con la gestión. Por último, para la búsqueda de evidencias cualitativas se han configurado los modelos SPICE y SPIDER adecuando sus componentes al fenómeno cualitativo.

Conclusiones: Estos modelos estandarizadas se comportan como un instrumento idóneo para guiar la estrategia de búsqueda y delimitar el área de interés. Dada la gran variedad de piezas que integran las estructuras, su conocimiento exhaustivo acrecienta sus usos potenciales. Estas estructuras no deben ser consideradas como una guía rígida a la que ceñirse ineludiblemente.
Les edicions catalanes del Pierres de Provença: Estat de la qüestió
Authors: Pastor Briones Vicent
Published: July 2016

Resum: La novel·la anònima Pierres de Provença ens arriba des d’un original francès escrit a mitjan segle XV passant per algunes traduccions castellanes i catalanes que van fer-se des de principis del segle XVI. Malgrat la poca atenció que li ha dedicat la crítica literària en general, les aventures del cavaller Pierres i la gentil Magalona han comptat amb lectors de forma continuada fins al segle XIX. Aquest relat cavalleresc és un dels pocs títols que conformen el catàleg de la prosa impresa en català en l’època moderna, i és, per tant, força convenient fer una adequada catalogació de les edicions per tal de confegir un cens acurat que permeta estudiar l’obra i bastir-ne una edició crítica. Hem pogut establir un llistat d’onze edicions verificades pels bibliògrafs, de les quals només se’n conserven nou. La cronologia de les edicions és, a hores d’ara, aproximada, exceptuant-ne les que fan constar la data d’impressió a la portada: 1650, 1683 i 1908. Paraules clau: Pierres de Provença, edicions, català, segles XVII-XVIII   Abstract: The anonymous novel Pierres de Provença has come to us from a French original written in the mid-fifteenth century through some of the Spanish and Catalan translations carried out since the beginning of the sixteenth century. Despite the little attention that it has received from most  historians of literature, the adventures of the knight Pierres and the beautiful Magalona have had readers uninterruptedly up to the nineteenth century. This short chivalric story is one of the few works that make up the catalog of the Catalan prose of the modern period, and therefore it is quite convenient to make a thorough cataloguing of the editions made in order to establish an accurate census that allows to study the work and build up a critical edition. We have been able to establish a list of eleven editions verified by the bibliographers, of which only nine have been preserved. The chronology of most of the editions is, by now, just approximate, except those that have a specified date print on the cover: 1650, 1683 and 1908.   Keywords: Pierres de Provença, editions, Catalan, XVII-XVIIIth centuries
Ressenya a J. Ll. Cebrián & L. Hernández & B. Navarro, Miquel Esteve, pintor leonardesco de Xàtiva, Xàtiva, 2016
Authors: Ferrer Orts Albert
Published: July 2016

Ressenya a Cebrián, Josep Ll. & Hernández, L., & Navarro, B., Miquel Esteve, pintor leonardesco de Xàtiva, Xàtiva, Ulleye, 2016, 209 pp. ISBN:  978-84-944301-5-2
La expansión del posesivo pospuesto a la luz de documentación navarra (y aragonesa) del siglo XIII
Authors: Romero Cambrón Ángeles
Published: July 2016

Resumen: En los primitivos documentos romances el posesivo sólo aparece antepuesto al sustantivo (“(el) nuestro padre”). La posposición (“padre nuestro”) se empieza a registrar en el siglo XIII en aragonés y en dialecto navarro. Considerando principalmente la documentación de esta segunda variedad, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar el modo en que el posesivo adquirió la capacidad de aparecer pospuesto. Este cambio se vio impulsado por factores de naturaleza estructural. Uno de ellos es la existencia de la construcción posesiva con de y pronombre personal (“por raçón de mí”); otro, la concurrencia del posesivo en coordinación, bien con el sintagma preposicional (“nin subdito vuestro nin de la eglesia”), bien con otro posesivo (“l’amor nuestra e vuestra”). El posesivo se pospondría adoptando la posición propia del sintagma preposicional. Asimismo, habría influido en la imposición del cambio la tendencia a aligerar la posición prenominal cuando concurrían en ella más de un adyacente. Palabras clave: posesivos, sintaxis histórica, navarro, aragonés Abstract: In the first Romance texts, possessives only occur in prenominal position (e.g. (el) nuestro padre). The earliest records of postposition (e.g. padre nuestro) date back to the 13th century in Aragonese and in Navarrese dialect. This paper reports largely on documentation involving Navarrese in order to determine in what way the postpositive placement of the possessive became normal. The influence of three grammar structures has been found to trigger possessive postposition. The first structure is a possessive construction consisting of the preposition de followed by a personal pronoun (e.g. campo de nos). The second structure includes a possessive in coordination either with a prepositional phrase (nin subdito vuestro nin de la eglesia) or with another possessive (l’amor nuestra e vuestra). In this case, the possessive occurs after the noun in the natural place of a prepositional phrase. Finally, possessive postposition became a norm to compensate noun phrases including more than one modifier in prenominal position.   Keywords: possessives, historical syntax, navarrese, aragonese.
La imatge aristotèlica del paralític i la malaltia de la voluntat al poema 74 d’Ausiàs March
Authors: Cuenca Almenar Salvador
Published: July 2016

Resum: El símil de la segona cobla de la cançó 74 d’Ausiàs March s’articula al voltant d’un mot agrest i poc poètic: «paralític». Dues obres de divulgació aristotèlica del dos-cents, la Summa Alexandrinorum i la Sententia libri Ethicorum de Tomàs d’Aquino, també empren «paralític» en el mateix context, a saber, per a referir-se a l’incontinent, és a dir, a qui pateix la malaltia de la voluntat. L’objectiu d’aquestes línies és mostrar la relació conceptual entre el poema 74 i aquests dos textos basats en l’Ètica nicomaquea d’Aristòtil.   Paraules clau: Ausiàs March, Aristòtil, Summa Alexandrinorum, Brunetto Latini, Tomàs d’Aquino Abstract: The paralysis metaphor is crucial to the understanding of the second stanza of March’s poem 74. Two 13th century works, essential for the dissemination of Aristotle’s thought, namely, the Summa Alexandrinorum and Aquinas’s Sententia libri Ethicorum use the metaphor to adress the same moral issue: the akrasia or weakness of the will. This paper will examine the relationship between poem 74 and those two Aristotelian works.   Key words: Ausias March, Aristotle, Summa Alexandrinorum, Brunetto Latini, Aquinas
Les revistes bilingües a la Tortosa de la II República
Authors: Gombau Domingo Maria del Carme
Published: July 2016

Resum: En l’àmbit de la premsa tortosina en català del primer terç del segle xx es donen dues actituds lingüístiques: la fabriana i la tortosinista. La primera, partidària del model de llengua de l’IEC, era minoritària als anys vint però es generalitza a partir dels anys trenta (La Veu de Tortosa, La Veu Comarcal, Ara, Acció, Vida Tortosina i Lluita); mentre que el tortosinisme, que es correspon amb una ideologia cada cop més localista i que eleva el «parlar tortosí» a la categoria de llengua, queda reduït durant la ii República a tres revistes bilingües: La Zuda, Germanor i La Santa Cinta.   Paraules clau: premsa tortosina, actituds lingüístiques, tortosinisme, fabrisme. Abstract: There were two linguistic actitudes in the tortosine press of the first third in the 20th century: the fabriana amb the tortosinista. The fabriana, in favour of the IEC linguistic model, was in minority during the 20’s, but it became widespread from the 30’s  (La Veu de Tortosa, La Veu Comarcal, Ara, Acció, Vida Tortosina i Lluita). The second, the tortosinista, had a local ideology and compared the tortosinisme talk as a complet language, but it was reduced during the ii Republic to three magazines: La Zuda, Germanor i La Santa Cinta.   Key words: tortosine press, linguistic actitudes, tortosinisme, fabrisme.
Adaptaciones LIJ de Tirant lo Blanc
Authors: Ramon Ferrer Lluís
Published: July 2016

Resumen: En este trabajo se analizan las adaptaciones de Tirant lo Blanc a la narrativa infantil y juvenil. Han quedado excluidas aquellas obras que no han considerado la novela en su totalidad así como otros géneros que también han  pretendido que la obra de Martorell llegara a un público infantil y juvenil. En primer lugar, se ha establecido el corpus de estudio y, seguidamente, se ha elaborado un catalálogo en el cual se valoran la selección de secuencias del hipotexto verbal, los elementos paratextuales que han concurrido en cada uno de los volúmenes, así como la adecuación al tramo lector al que supuestamente va dirigida la publicación. Palabras clave: Tirant lo Blanch, adaptaciones, clásicos en la literatura infantil y juvenil   Abstract: This paper analyses Tirant lo Blanc narrative adaptations on Children’s and Young Adults Literature. The works which have not considered the novel as a whole have been excluded, as well as other genres which have also wanted to adapt Martorell’s work for the same audience. The study begins by establishing the corpus of the books. Then, a catalogue has been made in order to assess the hypotext sequences selection, the paratextual elements within each of the volumes, and the adaptation adequacy of the contents of the books to the target reader   Keywords: Tirant lo Blanch, adaptations, classic literature for children and young
Presentació
Authors: Escartí Soriano Vicent Josep
Published: July 2016

Presentació del núm. 7 de SCRIPTA
Ressenya a Lluch, Gemma & Miquel Nicolàs, Escriptura acadèmica. Planificació, documentació, redacció, citació i models, Barcelona, 2015
Authors: Ribera i Condomina Josep E.
Published: July 2016

Ressenya a Lluch, Gemma & Miquel Nicolàs, Escriptura acadèmica. Planificació, documentació, redacció, citació i models, Barcelona, UOC, 2015, 274 p. ISBN: 978-84-9064-443-0
Les biblioteques dels carmelites descalços de la província de Sant Josep de Catalunya (1586-1835)
Authors: Gras Casanovas Mercè
Published: July 2016

Resum: El present treball pretén oferir una primera panoràmica sobre les biblioteques del Carmel descalç català. Teresa de Jesús, la fundadora, a partir de la seva pròpia experiència lectora, donà unes primeres normes sobre les llibreries conventuals, que serien desevolupades en el futur per les autoritats de l’Orde, tant pel que respecta a la seva composició, com pel que fa a la seva cura i manteniment. Els diversos tipus de fons bibliogràfics conventuals es veurien sovint enriquits per les donacions de devots, tant laics com eclesiàstics, que establien un seguit de condicions en els seus llegats. Finalment, exposem la valoració que els erudits feren d’algunes d’aquestes biblioteques i algunes dades del seu estat i destinació ran la Desamortització dels béns de regulars. Paraules clau: Biblioteques, llibres, donacions, lectura, Carmel descalç Abstract: This paper aims to provide an initial overview of catalan discalced libraries. Teresa of Jesus, the founder, based on his own reading experience, gave some initial rules monastic libraries, which would desevenvolupades in the future by the authorities of the Order, both with regard to its composition, as as for its care and maintenance. The different types of library convent would often enriched by donations from devotees, both secular and ecclesiastical, which established a series of conditions on their legacies. Finally, we present the assessment made by scholars of some of these libraries and some information of their status and destiny ran regular confiscation of property . Keywords: Libraries, books, donation, lecture, Discalced Carmel.
First-principles study on oxidation of Ge and its interface electronic structures
Authors: Ono Tomoya , Saito Shoichiro , Iwase Shigeru
Published: July 2016

We review a series of first-principles studies on the defect generation mechanism and electronic structures of the Ge/GeO2 interface. Several experimental and theoretical studies proved that Si atoms at the Si/SiO2 interface are emitted to release interface stress. In contrast, total-energy calculation reveals that Ge atoms at the Ge/GeO2 interface are hardly emitted, resulting in the low trap density. Even if defects are generated, those at the Ge/GeO2 interface are found to behave differently from those at the Si/SiO2 interface. The states attributed to the dangling bonds at the Ge/GeO2 interface lie below the valence-band maximum of Ge, while those at the Si/SiO2 interface generate the defect state within the band gap of Si. First-principles electron-transport calculation elucidates that this characteristic behavior of the defect states is relevant to the difference in the leakage current through the Si/SiO2 and Ge/GeO2 interfaces.
New Hermite Hadamard type inequalities for twice differentiable convex mappings via Green function and applications
Authors: Erden Samet , Sarikaya Mehmet Zeki
Published: July 2016

We derive some Hermite Hamamard type integral inequalities for functions whose second derivatives absolute value are convex. Some eror estimates for the trapezoidal formula are obtained. Finally, some natural applications to special means of real numbers are given
Three’s a crowd: a revision of the monotypic family Goebeliellaceae (Porellales: Jungermanniopsida).
Authors: Renner Matt
Published: July 2016

Three species of Goebeliella are here recognized on morphological evidence. The three species can be distinguished by a range of qualitative and quantitative characters, including width of the hyaline leaf-border, leaf lobe cell wall thickening and wall internal structure, horn shape and anatomy, and female bract shape and conformation. The type specimen of G. cornigera was collected in New Zealand, and agrees in all respects with other individuals from that country. Goebeliella cornigera is endemic to New Zealand. The other two species are endemic to New Caledonia, and both are present in the syntype material of G. bicornuta, which is reinstated and lectotypified. No other names have been published within Goebeliella, leaving the second species from New Caledonia without a name. The name Goebeliella glauca is proposed for this new species.
Triunia names and lectotypifications: reply to Guymer and Forster
Authors: Olde Peter Maurice
Published: July 2016

The recent recognition of Triunia kittredgei Olde (Olde 2015) has been challenged by G.P. Guymer and

P. Forster (2015) who have suggested that the name should be rejected and that the application of previous

names should continue to apply in the genus Triunia L.A.S.Johnson & B.G.Briggs. They have argued that

two varietal lectotypifications in Helicia youngiana C.Moore & F.Muell. by H. Sleumer (1955), varieties later

recognised as species in the genus Triunia, should be overturned in favour of two later lectotypifications by

D. Foreman (Foreman 1986). Their arguments are here separately examined and refuted.
Impact of turbulent mixing on isoprene chemistry
Authors: Kim S.‐W. , Barth M. C. , Trainer M.
Published: July 2016

Isoprene, a volatile organic compound that is mainly emitted from trees, rapidly reacts with hydroxyl radical (OH) during daytime and subsequently forms ozone and aerosols in the troposphere. The isoprene‐OH reaction can be affected by the interplay between chemistry and mixing because the two processes occur at a similar time scale. We investigate the impact of turbulent mixing on isoprene‐OH reactivity with large eddy simulations (LES) coupled with comprehensive chemistry. Our results show that the covariance of isoprene and OH causes ~20% decrease to ~10% increase of the horizontal average reaction rate, depending on nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) abundances, compared to the rate that neglects the covariance. This wide range of effects on reaction rates is caused by the primary production and loss reactions of OH in each NOx regime. Our research promotes the use of LES for better understanding the role of turbulence in isoprene‐OH reaction and parameterizations in large‐scale models.
Do we know the actual magnetopause position for typical solar wind conditions?
Authors: Samsonov A. A. , Gordeev E. , Tsyganenko N. A. , Šafránková J. , Němeček Z. , Šimůnek J. , Sibeck D. G. , Tóth G. , Merkin V. G. , Raeder J.
Published: July 2016

We compare predicted magnetopause positions at the subsolar point and four reference points in the terminator plane obtained from several empirical and numerical MHD models. Empirical models using various sets of magnetopause crossings and making different assumptions about the magnetopause shape predict significantly different magnetopause positions (with a scatter >1 RE) even at the subsolar point. Axisymmetric magnetopause models cannot reproduce the cusp indentations or the changes related to the dipole tilt effect, and most of them predict the magnetopause closer to the Earth than nonaxisymmetric models for typical solar wind conditions and zero tilt angle. Predictions of two global nonaxisymmetric models do not match each other, and the models need additional verification. MHD models often predict the magnetopause closer to the Earth than the nonaxisymmetric empirical models, but the predictions of MHD simulations may need corrections for the ring current effect and decreases of the solar wind pressure that occur in the foreshock. Comparing MHD models in which the ring current magnetic field is taken into account with the empirical Lin et al. model, we find that the differences in the reference point positions predicted by these models are relatively small for Bz=0. Therefore, we assume that these predictions indicate the actual magnetopause position, but future investigations are still needed.
On the sensitivity of the diurnal cycle in the Amazon to convective intensity
Authors: Itterly Kyle F. , Taylor Patrick C. , Dodson Jason B. , Tawfik Ahmed B.
Published: July 2016

Climate and reanalysis models contain large water and energy budget errors over tropical land related to the misrepresentation of diurnally forced moist convection. Motivated by recent work suggesting that the water and energy budget is influenced by the sensitivity of the convective diurnal cycle to atmospheric state, this study investigates the relationship between convective intensity, the convective diurnal cycle, and atmospheric state in a region of frequent convection—the Amazon. Daily, 3‐hourly satellite observations of top of atmosphere (TOA) fluxes from Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Ed3a SYN1DEG and precipitation from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3B42 data sets are collocated with twice daily Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive observations from 2002 to 2012 and hourly flux tower observations. Percentiles of daily minimum outgoing longwave radiation are used to define convective intensity regimes. The results indicate a significant increase in the convective diurnal cycle amplitude with increased convective intensity. The TOA flux diurnal phase exhibits 1–3 h shifts with convective intensity, and precipitation phase is less sensitive. However, the timing of precipitation onset occurs 2–3 h earlier and the duration lasts 3–5 h longer on very convective compared to stable days. While statistically significant changes are found between morning atmospheric state and convective intensity, variations in upper and lower tropospheric humidity exhibit the strongest relationships with convective intensity and diurnal cycle characteristics. Lastly, convective available potential energy (CAPE) is found to vary with convective intensity but does not explain the variations in Amazonian convection, suggesting that a CAPE‐based convective parameterization will not capture the observed behavior without incorporating the sensitivity of convection to column humidity.