bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
53.1: A 10.0 inch 1080 × 2880 Capacitive Curved‐faced In‐cell Touch Panel for Automotive Use
Authors: Kasai Taiki , Yoshida Koji , Ishikawa Makoto , Goto Fumitaka , Mizuhashi Hiroshi , Kurasawa Hayato , Takizawa Keiji , Nakajima Yoshiharu , Ito Tomoyuki , Kaneko Hideki
Published: July 2015

In this study, we describe a 10.0‐inch 1080 × 2880 capacitive curved‐faced prototype liquid crystal display for automotive use, which has integrated in‐cell touch panel technology. A sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio of 100–160 was achieved with this display despite the 1.1‐mm‐thick cover glass.
15.3: Optimal Monitor Gamma of Transparent Display
Authors: Kwak Youngshin , Ha Hyeyoung , Lee Sooyeon , Kim Hyosun , Seo Young-jun , Yang Byungchoon
Published: July 2015

The most preferred monitor gamma value of an OLED transparent display was investigated by simulating the transparent images under the real room lighting condition. It is found that the preferred monitor gamma values tend to decrease as the luminance of black point of the transparent display increases.
11.2: Usefulness of Stereoscopic 3D Images in Elementary School Classes
Authors: Shibata Takashi , Ishihara Yoshiki , Satou Kazunori
Published: July 2015

The advantages of stereoscopic 3D images in education were evaluated in an elementary schools' experimental class. The results from the worksheets filled out by students revealed that educational 3D material could help students focus on details and understand three‐dimensional spaces or concavo‐convex shapes.
11.3: Readability Performance and Subjective Appraisal of Curved Monitor
Authors: Ah Jeong Kyeong , Na Nooree , Suk Hyeon‐Jeong
Published: July 2015

This study compares usability of a curved and a flat panel in aspects of readability performance and subjective judgment of preference. For the experiment, a bendable 27‐inch monitor panel was facilitated that enabled users to adjust curvature manually. The experiment consisted of two parts. In first part, College students read texts and measured reading time on both curved and flat panels. In next part, students found each optimal radius of curvature on different display images. Based on the measurement, subjects read faster on curved panels. Across different images, a curved panel was consistently preferred. The study provides empirical evidence that a curved display has the potential for creating a new monitor market.
15.5L: Late‐News Paper: SVGA Full‐Color Bidirectional OLED Microdisplay
Authors: Wartenberg Philipp , Richter Bernd , Brenner Stephan , Thomschke Michael , Fehse Karsten , Baumgarten Judith , Vogel Uwe
Published: July 2015

This paper describes a new bidirectional OLED microdisplay with an increased SVGA resolution. A bidirectional microdisplay means that the active area comprises of an OLED display with an additional nested image sensor. The paper shows latest results from the labs as well as first results in the field of capturing an eye scene.
67.2: Fabrication of A Zero‐pretilt Liquid Crystal Cell using UV‐curable Polymer
Authors: Oh Seung‐Won , Park Jun‐Hee , Yoon Tae‐Hoon
Published: July 2015

We propose a fabrication method for a zero‐pretilt nematic liquid crystal cell using UV‐curable polymer. The zero pretilt angle can be obtained by UV curing of reactive mesogen monomers mixed with planar alignment material while a vertical electric field is applied to a liquid crystal cell assembled after the rubbing process. We demonstrate that the pretilt angle of a nematic liquid crystal cell can be decreased to 0.082° by employing the proposed method.
53.4: Metal Mesh Design For High‐ppi LCD Application
Authors: Chen Chun-chi , Chen Chen-you , Huang Shang-yu
Published: July 2015

Metal mesh with low resistance characteristics offers lower RC loading in touch application and it also has an advantage at cost competition. However, employed in high‐resolution LCDs easily suffers from moiré and pattern visibility or interference while mesh conflicted with pixel patterns. This article describes how to build up model and criteria to solve visual perception issue in high ppi (> 530 ppi) LCD application and at the same time apply in 3D Curved Automotive touch display application.
68.1: Invited Paper: Panel Structure Evolution of In‐cell Capacitive Touch Sensor
Authors: Ma Jun , Yao Qijun , Lu Feng , Ma Conghua , Wang Lihua , Zhou Xingyao , Du Lingxiao , Huang Zhongshou
Published: July 2015

In this paper, various integration schemes for in‐cell capacitive touch panels will be reviewed. Continuous efforts have been made to eliminate the interference between display and touch sensor structure. A in‐cell LCD module with self‐capacitance touch sensor integrated will be presented.
16.2: Invited Paper: Electroforming Technology for Manufacturing Thin Metal Masks with Very Small Apertures for OLED Display Manufacturing
Authors: Kumar Sundaram N. , John Robin , Lauer Scott , Little Whit , Daul Bob
Published: July 2015

The power of electroforming to faithfully capture and replicate metal features down to the atomic scale has been elegantly exploited to consistently produce OLED deposition masks with high yields. Using a unique combination of photolithography and electroforming, we have produced large area, (10‐15) µm thick nickel masks with apertures as small as 14 µm. This manufacturing technology is targeted to provide OLED masks for future generations of ultra‐high resolution display manufacturing, possibly down to 10 micron aperture sizes.
13.2: 360° Multi‐Faced Tracking and Interaction Using A Panoramic Camera
Authors: Su Chen , Zhong Qing , Yu Chao , Li Haifeng , Liu Xu
Published: July 2015

A 360‐degree multi‐faced tracking and interaction method using a panoramic camera is implemented, which can detect and track multiple users around general display to achieve better interaction experience. In the experiment, the panoramic face tracking method is applied to a 360‐degree 3D display system for verification.
68.2: Study of Optimized Design for High Resistance Black Matrix at In‐cell Touch Structure
Authors: Na Younsung , Park Chul Ho , Kang Dongwoo , Choi Youngseok , Jeon Suho
Published: July 2015

In‐cell touch structure requires a high resistance BM (black matrix) because of touch performance. The high resistance BM must have at least 1013 Ω cm and there should be little variation by thermal stress. In this study, we analyzed BM electric properties variation by thermal stress in post bake.
54.3: PSCT for Switchable Transparent Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Moheghi Alireza , Kashima Miki , Qin Quangkui , Dong Youmei , Yang Deng‐Ke
Published: July 2015

We developed a switchable diffuser for transparent liquid crystal displays. The diffuser is based on polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) light shutter. It can be switched between a transparent state and a milky scattering state by applying voltages. The transmittance of the transparent state is near 90%. The reflectance of the scattering state is higher than 30%. We also developed a transparent ADS display with the PSCT, which has excellent viewing angle.
16.4: Fully R2R‐Processed Flexible OLEDs for Lighting
Authors: Minakata Takashi , Tanamura Mitsuru , Mitamura Yasuhiro , Imashiro Masayuki , Horiguchi Akira , Sugimoto Akira , Yamashita Masahiko , Ujiiye Kento , Sunahiro Satoshi , Yada Yukito , Ibaraki Nobuki , Tomiyasu Hiroshi
Published: July 2015

Flexible organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) on continuous plastic film have been successfully fabricated using full roll‐toroll (R2R) processes, including depositions of gas‐barrier layers, electrodes, layered‐organic semiconductors, and lamination encapsulation. The OLEDs exhibit excellent stability and high performance comparable to OLEDs on glass, with the incorporation of R2R deposited high‐gas‐barrier layer with a WVTR below 10‐5 g/m2day. Also a strong correlation between the gas‐barrier performance and the stability of the OLEDs stored in high humidity environment has been confirmed.
22.4: Synthesis of Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) with High Efficiency and Low Driving Voltage
Authors: Byeon Sung Yong , Hwang Seok Ho , Kim Oh Young , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: July 2015

Blue host materials for phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) were synthesized with carbazole as a donor moiety and a‐carboline as an accepter moiety to assign bipolar property. Synthesized carbazole‐carboline core was modified with benzonitrile, phenyl and carbazole to control charge transport property. The host materials showed high triplet energy above 2.85 eV, and their highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels (LUMO) were −5.90/−2.79, −5.90/−2.72 and −5.89/−2.67 eV, respectively, depending on the substituent of the core structure. Maximum quantum efficiencies of 23.4%, 19.6% and 17.4% were obtained with low driving voltage in blue PHOLEDs using the new host materials.
54.4: Smart Window Devices for Black Screen of Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Choe Dong Cheol , Kim Gyung Woo , Lampande Raju , Kwon Jang Hyuk
Published: July 2015

We demonstrate an electrochromic device (ECD) with high optical density and fast response time. The fabricated ECD shows an optical density of 1.7 at 600 nm and the fastest response time of 1.4 sec. The ECD with a transparent OLED panel exhibits a transmittance of 62.9 % at 550 nm. The transmittance of transparent OLED panel is 68.5% at 500 nm.
56.1 Invited Paper: Creating an Effective Lighting Environment with Task — Surround — Ambient Lighting
Authors: Ngai Peter Y
Published: July 2015

A study on creating a personal space lighting environment by employing three different layers of lighting — Task, Surround and Ambient lighting. Results showed that the visual quality of the lit space is enhanced by the addition of surround lighting.
27.2: The Fabrication of Novel PSVA Pixel Structure by GTM Technology
Authors: Deng Zhuming , Zhao Feng , Chiu Chung‐Yi , Wu Yuzhi , Gan Qiming , Lee Chia‐Yu , Lo Chang‐Cheng , Lien Alan
Published: July 2015

The novel polymer‐stabilized vertical alignment (PSVA) pixel structure was fabricated by gray tone mask (GTM) technology. With the GTM technology, one mask is reduced and the process is simplified. The influence of process parameters on groove structure have been researched in detail.
57.1: High‐Performance Poly‐Si TFTs Using Pressure‐Induced Nucleation Technology
Authors: Kang Myung-Koo , Kim Si Joon , Kim Hyun Jae
Published: July 2015

Here, we proposed a simple method to improve the performance of polycrystalline Si (poly‐Si) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) via pressure‐induced nucleation (PIN). The TFTs formed using the PIN process exhibited a high field‐effect mobility greater than 160 cm2/Vs, which was achieved using only six laser exposures.
27.3: Development of Highly Durable Achromatic Polarizer with High Heat and Moisture Resistance
Authors: Mochizuki Noriaki , Ishinabe Takahiro , Fujiwara Daichi , Koma Norio , Nakamura Daisuke , Fujikake Hideo
Published: July 2015

We have developed highly durable achromatic polarizer by controlling the light absorption of side chains in the chemical structure of dichromatic pigment molecules and the physical cross‐linked structure of polyvinyl alcohol film, which led to the realization of low power monochrome‐type reflective LCD with high reflectivity and paper white.
17.4: Image Quality Assessment of Large UHD LCDs using Quantum Dot and RGBW Technologies
Authors: Hsu Chia‐Wei , Huang Ji‐Yuan , Chen Hung‐Shing , Sun Pei‐Li , Luo Ronnier
Published: July 2015

The present study evaluated the state‐of‐the‐art RGBW and quantum dot LCD technologies in both objective and subjective ways. The results show that the new technologies really improve the image qualities of LCDs in many different aspects. The drawback of RGBW LCD is seems to be overcome by a color recovery algorithm and the unevenly gamut expansion of quantum dot LCDs are acceptable to observers.
58.2: High‐Performance Large‐Size OLED Tv with Ultra Hd Resolution
Authors: Chen Yu‐Hung , Huang Chih‐An , Chen Tsu‐Wei , Lin Yu‐Shian , Hsiao Yi‐Ju , Lu Chia‐Yang , Chao Chun‐Ming , Kuo Ya‐Pei , Nen Cheng‐Chung , Chang Fan‐Wei , Lin Hong Shen , Lu Hsueh‐Hsing , Chang Lee‐Hsun , Lin Yu‐Hsin
Published: July 2015

By combining stable array processes and cutting‐edge OLED processes, we successfully fabricated a high‐performance 65‐inch ultra HD TV with excellent visual quality. Our discussion will briefly explain the architecture of the OLED TV and its merits.
58.3: A Novel Highly Transparent 6‐in. AMOLED Display Consisting of IGZO TFTs
Authors: Lee Chia‐Tse , Huang Yen‐Yu , Tsai Chi‐Chung , Liu Sheng‐Fa , Kuo Che‐Cheng , Chiu Chuang‐Hung , Huang Chin‐Hai , Liu En‐Chih , Huang Szu‐Chi , Chen Chun‐Lin , Liang Chin‐Tsung , Huang Jian‐Syong
Published: July 2015

Display technology advances, from thin to “transparent” new forms of sustainable development. AMOLED has the advantage of self‐luminous, wide viewing angle, high contrast and fast response. AMOLED panel cathode and anode use transparent materials, with IGZO TFTs high electron mobility, low power consumption, sub‐pixel aperture ratio can be increased to achieve high resolution and higher transmittance of the panel. Furthermore, we demonstrate high‐transparent 6 inch AMOLED display with IGZO TFTs, the module transparency of the AMOLED display is about 23% transmittance which can realize transparent and thinner portable device.
58.4: A 31‐inch 4K2K WRGB AMOLED TV with High‐Stability IGZO Back Plane
Authors: Li Wen‐Hui , Shi Wen , Shi Long‐Qiang , Lv Xiao‐Wen , Zhang He‐Jing , Su Chih‐Yu , Tseng Chih‐Yuan , Li Xian‐Jie , Liu Chih‐Che , Wu Tai‐Pi , Wu Xiao‐Ling , Ko Kai‐Yuan , Wu Yuan‐Chun , Wang Yi‐Fan , Lo Chang‐Cheng , Lien A.
Published: July 2015

A 31‐inch 4K2K (3840 × 2160) AMOLED TV was developed by using high‐stability a‐IGZO TFTs. The a‐IGZO TFT with Etching Stop Layer (ESL) structure was fabricated at Gen 4.5 glass substrate with IGZO (1:1:1) target and TFT stability was studied. Furthermore, bottom‐emission WOLED technology was adopted and Color Filter on Array (COA) method was applied to increase the aperture ratio.
28.4: Invited Paper: Development of Tetradentate Pt Complexes for Efficient, Stable, and High Color Purity Blue OLEDs
Authors: Fleetham Tyler , Li Guijie , Zhu Zhi‐Qiang , Li Jian
Published: July 2015

In this report we discuss the development of blue OLEDs employing tetradentate platinum complexes. We will discuss the development of a wide range of efficient, blue‐emitting Pt complexes enabling OLEDs with record purity blue emission of (0.15, 0.08), external quantum efficiencies exceeding 25%, or blue OLEDs with operational lifetimes of over 2000h.
71.2: Mechanical Characteristics of Flexible AMOLED Display
Authors: Chen Ji‐Feng , Tu Chia‐Hsun , Lin Po‐Yang , Hsu Ming‐Chang , Huang Chen‐Shuo , Hwu Keh‐Long , Lu Hsueh‐Hsing , Chang Lee‐Hsun , Lin Yu‐Hsin
Published: July 2015

This paper investigates experimentally the mechanical reliability of AMOLED flexible display for the purpose of building feasible design concept for flexible products in the future. Three mechanical tests have been implemented respectively to investigate the mechanical strain limits of functional thin films, the electrical properties of TFT, and the mechanical reliability under bending process. Firstly, we find the tensile‐strain limit is strongly related to the total thickness of consecutive brittle inorganic layers such as silicon nitride film. Secondly, the mobility of the TFT made of LTPS increases as the channel is parallel to the bending direction whereas decreases as the channel is perpendicular to the bending direction. Besides, the threshold voltage is nearly unchanged during the bending test. Thirdly, the AMOLED panel and TFT can survive after 1000,000 times of bending cycles, the AMOLED panel is not damaged under compressive strain up to −0.36%.
29.1: Solution‐Processed Poly‐Si TFTs at Paper Compatible Temperatures
Authors: Trifunovic Miki , Zhang Jin , van der Zwan Michiel , Shimoda Tatsuya , Ishihara Ryoichi
Published: July 2015

Printed TFTs made from organic and metal‐oxide semiconductors have much inferior electrical performance and reliability than their silicon counterparts. Cyclopentasilane is a liquid compound that has been found to transform into solid silicon after a UV polymerization and thermal annealing step of 350°C, making it possible for silicon devices to be printed, a much more simple and inexpensive method owing to the additive process. This thermal annealing, however, is too high for inexpensive substrates such as PET, PEN or paper. In this work we have for the first time produced poly‐silicon and TFTs at a maximum temperature of 150°C using the liquid silicon ink and an excimer laser annealing process instead of a thermal annealing step. We have formed poly‐silicon on inexpensive paper substrates. This could lead to new applications such as biodegradable high‐speed ID‐tags with a sensor for Internet of Things, which can be mass‐produced at very low‐costs by a roll‐to‐roll manufacturing process.
73.1: A Novel Pixel Structure for High Transmittance and High Image Quality LCDs
Authors: Lee Joon‐Dong , Lee Jong‐Bum , Cho Seong‐Joon , Yang Joon‐Youn , Jun Myungchul , Kang InByeong , Yeo Sang‐Deog
Published: July 2015

We propose a new 2P2D pixel design which has a trapezoidal shape. for high transmittance and image quality.The pixel design facilitates a reduction of disclination area in the pixel and image defects. As a result, we have achieved 14% higher transmittance than the conventional AH5‐IPS and also a better image characteristic than the general 2P2D structure in 5inch HD LCD panels.
62.1: Invited Paper: Application‐Specific Spectral Power Distributions of White Light
Authors: Hung Po‐Chieh , Papamichael Konstantinos
Published: July 2015

We report on the potential of today's LED technologies to approximate Spectral Power Distributions (SPDs) aimed at optimizing specific performance goals. We compare numerically optimal SPDs to actual SPDs produced by a 16‐channel LED light source, aiming at optimizing performance for six different applications. These theoretical and practical limits of the potential of current LED technologies can serve as guidelines for the design of future LED sources for different applications.
63.1: An Ultra High Density 736‐ppi Liquid Crystal Display using InGaZnO Platform
Authors: Ueda Naoki , Uchida Seiichi , Ogawa Yasuyuki , Okada Kuniaki , Oda Akihiro , Katoh Sumio , Yamamoto Kaoru , Yamamoto Keiichi , Matsuo Takuya , Kawamori Hidetsugu
Published: July 2015

We have developed a 736ppi (WQXGA) LCD which pixel density reach 4k smart‐phone for the first time using oxide semiconductor. Utilizing the highly scalable channel etch type InGaZnO‐TFT and a novel transparent contact structure, more than 50% of the aperture ratio was achieved using patterning dimensions of a manufacturing backplane.
63.2: A 2k x 4 k 550‐ppi In‐Cell‐Touch TFT‐LCD Using 1.5‐µm‐Channel Width LTPS‐TFTs
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Tada Masahiro , Mochizuki Kazuhide , Tsunashima Takanori , Hayashi Hirotaka , Aoki Yoshiro , Tanaka Yukio , Suzuki Daiichi , Kimura Hiroyuki
Published: July 2015

We have developed a 2K4K 550[PPI] LTPS TFT‐LCD. Shrinkage of the channel width together with thinner insulator for the storage capacitance allows high display quality in terms of vertical cross‐talk and flicker. RGBW pixel technology and additional 30[Hz] frame‐rate driving are implemented as well to offer low power while keeping high display quality.
31.1: Evolution of Cellulose Triacetate (TAC) Films for LCDs: Novel Technologies for High Hardness, Durability, and Dimensional Stability
Authors: Suzuki Ryo , Nagura Masato , Sasada Yasuyuki , Fukagawa Nobutaka , Kawato Koji , Ito Yoji
Published: July 2015

We have successfully developed two types of cellulose triacetate (TAC) polarizer protection films that meet the LCDs trends toward thinner and larger panels. The novel 25µm TAC film, which has high‐hardness and high‐durability, solves the problems caused by the reduction in the thickness of polarizers and is suitable for small‐sized LCDs. The novel Z‐TAC film, which has high‐dimensional‐stability, reduces warpage of large sized IPS‐TVs.
64.3: Development of 55‐inch UHD AMOLED TV
Authors: Wu Zhongyuan , Yuan Guangcai , Xie Hongjun , Cao Kun , Li Yongqian , Zeng Siheng , Zhou Yang , Yang Fei , Cheng Jun , Shi Huaiting , Ye Lankai , Yu Jianwei , Wang Gang
Published: July 2015

In this paper, we present a 55” UHD AMOLED TV developed at G8.5 using IGZO backplane and tandem white‐OLED with COA (color filter on array), which is considered as one of the feasible options for mass production. We also implement the external optical compensation to achieve good display uniformity.
74.2: A Novel Three Dimensional User Interface Technology
Authors: Gruhlke Russ , Aryan Babak , Seo Hae‐Jong , Zhou Ying , Wyrwas John , Alam Khurshid , Gousev Evgeni
Published: July 2015

A novel three dimensional user interface technology (3D UI) is reported. The interface is a single planar device enabling multiple modes of human/machine interaction operating continuously from on the device surface to off the device surface; a surface‐to‐air capability. For example, our device can not only sense multiple finger touch and multiple stylus interaction on its surface, but also can detect “air touch”, “air pinch” and gestures in the near field space up to several inches above its surface. Thus, two dimensional user interface functionality has been extended continuously into the third dimension above the device.
34.3: Emitting Materials for Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Benzofurocarbazole and Benzothienocarbazole as Donor Moieties
Authors: Lee Dong Ryun , Lee Chil Won , Kim Oh Young , Hwang Seok Ho , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: July 2015

Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitting materials, 4,5‐bis(benzofuro[3,2‐c]carbazol‐5‐yl)phthalonitrile (BFCzPN) and 4,5‐bis(benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2‐c]carbazol‐5‐yl)phthalonitrile (BTCzPN), were synthesized and fabricated as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Benzofurocarbazole and benzothienocarbazole were used as donors and phthalonitrile was an acceptor. Highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) distribution of BFCzPN and BTCzPN were well separated and small singlet‐triplet energy gap of 0.13 and 0.17 eV were measured, respectively. BFCzPN and BTCzPN showed 12.4 and 11.8% of maximum quantum efficiency as thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters.
18.2: Invited Paper: Flexible eWriter Technology and Applications
Authors: Khan Asad , Montbach Erica
Published: July 2015

Reflective cholesteric liquid crystal display based flexible eWriters have remarkable writing feel, are rugged, high contrast, and require very little power to operate. These eWriters are redefining the writing space in this increasingly digital world. Flexible eWriters have been rapidly penetrating the consumer markets and now are poised to add new and unique applications in consumer, education, healthcare, and other fields. These applications and the eWriter technology will be discussed in detail.
35.4: A High Contrast Ratio and Compact‐sized Prism for DLP Projection System
Authors: Huang Yung‐Chih , Pan Jui‐Wen , Chiang Che‐Wen , Lin Ping‐Chun , Chang Kao‐Der
Published: July 2015

In this paper, a novel light separator with contrast ratio enhancement but maintaining the optical efficiency of the DLP projection system is proposed. The main capability of the novel light separator is to direct the uncontrolled light away from the image system. The working theorem for the novel light separator is derived as well. Uncontrolled light is kept away from the image system by a total internal reflection surface, thereby effectively improving the image quality. Compared with previous work, the FO:FO contrast ratio can be improved from 46347:1 to 48250:1, the ANSI can be improved from 295:1 to 306:1, while the image system efficiency remains at 76.2%.
36.1: Binocular Holographic Display with Pupil Space Division Method
Authors: An Jungkwuen , Sung Geeyoung , Kim Sunil , Song Hoon , Seo Juwon , Kim Hojung , Seo Wontaek , Choi Chil‐Sung , Moon Eunkyong , Kim Hwi , Lee Hong‐Seok , Chung U-in
Published: July 2015

We demonstrate a binocular holographic display with an amplitude‐only spatial light modulator (SLM), which enables us to display a 3D scene with much higher frame rate than the case of a conventional stereoscopic 3D. Instead of dividing either frames or pixels for assigning the left and right images, we divide the space near pupils by modulating the phase of a computer generated hologram.
18.4: 13.3‐inch 8k4k 664‐ppi Foldable OLED Display Using Crystalline Oxide Semiconductor FETs
Authors: Takahashi Kei , Sato Takehisa , Yamamoto Roh , Shishido Hideaki , Isa Toshiyuki , Eguchi Shingo , Miyake Hiroyuki , Hirakata Yoshiharu , Yamazaki Shunpei , Sato Rai , Matsumoto Hironori , Yazaki Naomi
Published: July 2015

A prototype 13.3‐inch 8k4k 664‐ppi high‐resolution foldable OLED display is constructed. C‐axis aligned crystalline In—Ga—Zn oxide (CAAC‐IGZO) FETs designed using a 1.5‐µm rule process are used in the backplane. Each pixel circuit has three transistors and one capacitor, and an external circuit is used to correct pixel current.
36.3: Flat‐Panel Coherent Backlight for Holographic Displays with Improved Diffraction Efficiency
Authors: Hu Wei , Chen Chao Ping , Li Yan , He Zhenghong , Li Xiao , Zhou Pengcheng , Lu Jiangang , Su Yikai
Published: July 2015

Coherent backlight is an important component in holographic 3D
displays. In this paper, a novel coherent backlight featuring a
compact design is presented. The feasibility of this structure is
experimentally verified by reconstructing 3D images with a spatial
light modulator. The diffraction efficiency of the system is ~4.3%.
36.4:Invited Paper: Real‐Time Light Amplification by Photorefractive Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mixtures
Authors: Sasaki Takeo
Published: July 2015

The photorefractive effect in photoconductive ferroelectric liquid crystals that contain photoconductive chiral compounds was investigated. Ter‐thiophene compounds with chiral structures were chosen as the photoconductive chiral compounds, and they were mixed with an achiral smectic C liquid crystal. The mixtures exhibit the ferroelectric chiral smectic C phase. The photorefractivity of the mixtures was investigated by two‐beam coupling experiments. It was found that the ferroelectric liquid crystals containing the photoconductive chiral compound exhibit a large gain coefficient of over 1200 cm‐1and a fast response time of 1 ms. Real‐time dynamic amplification of an optical image signal of over 30 fps using the photorefractive ferroelectric liquid crystal was demonstrated.
20.1: Invited Paper: Red and Green Quantum Dot Based LEDs Demonstrating Excellent Color Coordinates
Authors: Kathirgamanathan Poopathy , Bushby Lisa , Kumaraverl Muttulingam , Ravichandran Seenivasagam , Surendrakumar Siva
Published: July 2015

We report results of three light emitting diodes using quantum dot emissive layers. Two red devices were fabricated which achieved maximum current efficiencies of 1.7 (with LiQ as the electron injecting layer) and 3.4 cd/A (with ZnO as the electron injecting layer), while a green device achieved 2.4 cd/A. All devices displayed excellent color coordinates: (0.695, 0.302) and (0.697, 0.302) for the red devices and (0.118, 0.665) for the green. Lifetimes of up to 1000 hours have been obtained at 200 cdm‐2.
20.4:Distinguished Paper: Quantum‐dot Light Emitting Diodes with Charge Generation Layers
Authors: Kim Hyo-Min , Kim Jeong-Gi , Lee Ji-Eun , Jang Jin
Published: July 2015

We report the solution processed charge generation layers (CGLs) used for inverted quantum‐dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs). The inverted green, yellow and red QLEDs with solution processed CGLs exhibit the maximum current efficiency (CEmax) of 19.2, 13.6 and 6.1 cd/A, respectively. Therefore, solution processed CGL can be used for low cost QLEDs with high efficiency.
I3.4: Invited Paper: Delivering High Dynamic Range Video to Consumer Devices
Authors: Helman James L.
Published: July 2015

This paper discusses the implementation of high dynamic range in the coming generation of studio home entertainment video formats and the technical considerations that led to the adoption of a perceptually‐tuned electro‐optical transfer function for high dynamic range mastering and distribution. It also covers the value of display‐referred systems based on a reference rendering versus historical scene‐referred systems based on relative luminance and camera characteristics.
37.3: Polymer‐Stabilized Blue‐Phase Liquid Crystal Cured with a Visible Laser
Authors: Yuan Yachao , Li Yan , Chen Chao Ping , Rong Na , Li Weihuan , Li Xiao , Hu Wei , Zhou Pengcheng , Lu Jiangang , Su Yikai
Published: July 2015

We report a polymer‐stabilized blue‐phase liquid crystal (PS‐BPLC) cured with a visible laser in an in‐plane‐switching (IPS) cell. Its electro‐optic properties are compared with those of a conventional PS‐BPLC cured by ultraviolet (UV) light. Besides, a PS‐BPLC grating is fabricated using visible‐laser holography
21.1: Invited Paper: High Throughput MOTFT with Organic Etch‐Stopper and SiNx Gate Insulator
Authors: Yu Gang , Shieh Chan‐Long , Xiao Tian , Lee Karman , Foong Fatt , Wang Guangming , Musolf Juergen , Chen Zhao , Chang Frankie , Ottosson Kristoffer , Park Jung‐Woo , Chen Jason , Li Chen‐Yue
Published: July 2015

Metal‐oxide TFT (MOTFT) is promising for next generation high information content displays for both portable and TV/monitor applications. With current manufacturing capacity established originally for a‐Si TFT, it would be ideal to develop a MOTFT structure and process most compatible with the equipment available on existing a‐Si TFT line with minimal upgrade and corresponding capital investment. With such intention, we have developed bottom‐gate, top‐source/drain MOTFT with photopatternable organic etch‐stopper (ES) with performance meeting product specifications. Backplane with such MOTFT can be made with same mask counts as that with BCE process.
37.4L: Late‐News Paper: High Contrast Flexible Blue Phase LCD with Polymer Walls
Authors: Ishinabe Takahiro , Sakai Hideki , Fujikake Hideo
Published: July 2015

We developed high contrast flexible blue phase LCD with polymer walls by UV irradiation through a photo mask. We clarified that both polymer walls and BP stabilization can be achieved by only one time UV irradiation and the polymer walls can suppress the distortion of the alignment of blue phase LC in a bending state.
38.1: Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes on Flexible Substrate with Patterned Inverted Cone Structure
Authors: Wang Yi‐Jun , Ouyang Shi‐Hong , Lu Jian‐Gang , Shieh Han‐Ping D.
Published: July 2015

A patterned inverted cone (PIC) structure on flexible substrate produced by focused femtosecond laser was demonstrated for the out‐coupling efficiency enhancement of electroluminescent devices. A green Organic Light‐Emitting Diode (OLED) with PIC structure on flexible substrate was employed to verify the effect of the proposed method, which exhibited a current efficiency enhancement by a factor of 2.2 at 10 mA/cm2 without any emission spectrum altered, compared with conventional flexible OLED. The PIC structure is compatible with current device fabrication process and applicable for full color OLED display and lighting.
38.2: Distinguished Student Paper: High‐Efficiency Three‐Stack Tandem White OLEDs
Authors: Son Young Hoon , Lee Jung Min , Kang Byoung Yeop , Kwon Jang Hyuk
Published: July 2015

Three‐stack tandem white OLEDs made with fluorescent blue and phosphorescent red and yellow‐green materials are reported with 51 lm/W efficacy at 1000nit without out‐coupling, 7.4 V driving voltage, and 37,000hr lifetime at 3000nit. With internal and external our‐coupling in this device, 100 lm/W efficiency is achieved.
IAR‐CTR and IAR‐CFB: integrity aware real‐time based counter and cipher feedback modes
Authors: Hwang Tzonelih , Gope Prosanta
Published: July 2015

It is highly desirable that a real‐time crypto system should be designed to offer a strong security level by assuring both the privacy and integrity together in the same podium. However, the conventional stream cipher modes of operation (counter (CTR), cipher feedback (CFB), and Output Feedback (OFB)), often used in several real‐time applications, are unable to prevent any unauthorized message modification, which may often lead to several active attacks. This article shows a way to construct the real‐time based Authenticated Encryption (AE) environment, where the real‐time key stream is generated from any secure block algorithm like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Accordingly, in order to demonstrate the principle of the real‐time based AE environment, here we introduce two modes of operations, namely integrity aware real‐time based counter (IAR‐CTR) and cipher feedback (IAR‐CFB) modes, where both the proposed modes of operations can guarantee to offer both the confidentiality and message integrity in a single pass without any Message Authentication Code (MAC) or even any kind of non‐crypto checksum Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) support. Besides, here we argue that both the proposed real‐time based AE environments are quite robust against several active attacks, for example, message stream modification attacks and chosen‐plain‐text attacks, and at the same time, they can also be useful to deal with some other issues like ‘limited error propagation’ existing in several conventional stream cipher modes like CFB, OFB, and CTR. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wnt/β-Catenin-Responsive Cells in Prostatic Development and Regeneration
Authors: Lee Suk Hyung , Johnson Daniel T. , Luong Richard , Yu Eun Jeong , Cunha Gerald R. , Nusse Roel , Sun Zijie
Published: July 2015

The precise role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during prostatic development and tumorigenesis is unclear. Axin2 is a direct transcriptional target of β-catenin. Recent studies have shown that Axin2-expressing cells have stem/progenitor cell properties in a variety of mouse tissues. Here, we genetically labeled Axin2-expressing cells at various time points and tracked their cellular behavior at different developmental and mature stages. We found that prostatic Axin2-expressing cells mainly express luminal epithelial cell markers and are able to expand luminal cell lineages during prostatic development and maturation. They can also survive androgen withdrawal and regenerate prostatic luminal epithelial cells following androgen replacement. Deletion of β-catenin or expression of stabilized β-catenin in these Axin2-expressing cells results in abnormal development or oncogenic transformation, respectively. Our study uncovers a critical role of Wnt/β-catenin-responsive cells in prostatic development and regeneration, and that dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in these cells contributes to prostatic developmental defects and tumorigenesis. Stem Cells  2015;33:3356–3367
N‐Heterotriangulenes: Fascinating Relatives of Triphenylamine
Authors: Hammer Natalie , Schaub Tobias A. , Meinhardt Ute , Kivala Milan
Published: July 2015

Carbonyl‐ and dimethylmethylene‐bridged triphenylamines called N‐heterotriangulenes are not only aesthetically pleasing π‐conjugated scaffolds interesting on their own but also provide numerous possibilities for further synthetic modifications to serve as versatile precursors for the construction of functional organic molecules. In this Personal Account we give a historical synopsis depicting the long way from the initial synthesis of N‐heterotriangulenes back in the 1970s to their derivatization followed by recent applications in organic electronics. As a part of our ongoing research on heteroatom‐doped π‐conjugated scaffolds we provide an overview of our synthetic efforts involving the N‐heterotriangulene scaffolds and discuss the optoelectronic, redox, and self‐assembly properties of the resulting molecular entities.
Functional improvement of deglutition after hangekobokuto treatment in two cases: Endoscopy and fluoroscopy evaluation
Authors: Nakada Yoshinobu , Arai Makoto , Kokawa Masaharu , Takayanagi Hirohisa , Mochiduki Kaori , Yamabe Naoki , Akiba Tetsuo
Published: July 2015

Case

Patients with dysphagia frequently suffer from aspiration pneumonia, are frequently hospitalized, and are often deprived of the joys of eating. Although dysphagia is life‐threatening, treatment for dysphagia is still limited. Recently, the effectiveness of hangekobokuto (Banxia‐houpo‐tang in Chinese; HKT) for dysphagia has attracted attention. We treated two dysphagic patients with HKT and evaluated deglutition before and after HKT treatment on imaging.

Outcome

The first patient was a 69‐year‐old alcoholic liver‐cirrhosis patient who was diagnosed with dysphagia after hospital admission, and the second patient was a 92‐year‐old aspiration pneumonia patient. After treating the chief complaint, HKT (TJ‐16) extract (7.5 g/day) was given and continued indefinitely. Deglutition before and after HKT commencement was evaluated on video endoscopy and video fluoroscopy, respectively. Deglutition after the treatment was monitored visually.

Conclusion

Deglutition improved after HKT treatment, as judged on endoscopy and fluoroscopy.
Kamikihito ameliorates tumor‐induced sickness behavior in mice
Authors: Araki Ryota , Nishida Shoji , Hiraki Yosuke , Yabe Takeshi
Published: July 2015

Aim

Kamikihito (KKT), a Kampo medicine composed of 14 herbs, has been used clinically to treat psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, insomnia, amnesia and depression. Sickness behavior refers to a series of behavioral and psychological changes that occur due to cancer and inflammatory disease. The etiological mechanism is not known in detail, and thus there is no established standard therapy for sickness behavior. In this study, we examined the effects of KKT on tumor‐induced sickness behavior in mice, and compared the effects of KKT with those of milnacipran, a serotonin noradrenaline re‐uptake inhibitor.

Methods

Seven‐week‐old male BALB/c mice were inoculated with the murine adenocarcinoma cell line colon 26. The effects of KKT on behavioral changes in the colon 26‐inoculated mice were evaluated on object exploration test, social interaction test and forced swim test.

Results

Inoculation of colon 26 cells induced sickness behavior, such as loss of object exploration, social interaction deficits and immobility in the forced swim test without affecting spontaneous locomotor activity. KKT ameliorated these behavioral changes. Milnacipran reduced the loss of object exploration and immobility in the forced swim test, but not social interaction deficits. Both KKT and milnacipran did not affect tumor growth.

Conclusion

KKT may ameliorate emotional aspects of sickness behavior similarly to or better than milnacipran, and is a potential treatment for sickness behavior.
Using self‐synthesized aminopropyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane to toughen epoxy resin: The role of molecular weight of polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Ran Qianping , Li Bo , Sun Dewen , Yin Hao , Wan Yun , Yang Chong , Liu Yuting , Mao Yonglin
Published: July 2015

Aminopropyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (APDMS) with different molecular weights (
) were synthesized by 1,3‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane (BADS) and dimethylcyclosiloxane (Dn). Fourier‐transform infrared shows the increase in APDMS
and the decrease in NH2 content in the products with the increasing ratio of Dn/BADS. 1H NMR further confirmed the conclusion obtained by Fourier‐transform infrared spectra, and the APDMS
resulted from 1H NMR were 1,106 (APDMS1), 1,987 (APDMS2), 2,690 (APDMS3), and 4,313 (APDMS4) g/mol. These APDMS were then blended with the epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A) system to improve its toughness. Mechanical tests revealed that the impact strength of the epoxy resin was improved by APDMS1 and APDMS2, which has lower
. The toughening effect decreased when APDMS4 was used. It was suggested that the APDMS with high
was easier to agglomerate, which in turn resulted in lower toughening efficiency. This was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy results. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 23:305–311, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effective strategy for the production of novel magnetite poly(vinyl chloride) nanocomposite films with iron oxide nanoparticles double‐capped through citric acid and vitamin C
Authors: Mallakpour Shadpour , Javadpour Mashal
Published: July 2015

This study focuses on the synthesis of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs), modification of NPs with organic molecules of citric acid (CA) and ascorbic acid (AS), and the incorporation of modified magnetic NPs into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix. Biodegradable CA and AS coupling agents can improve the organic functional groups on the surface of Fe3O4NPs. Magnetic PVC/Fe3O4, CA, and AS nanocomposite (NC) films containing 4, 8, and 12 wt% of NPs were successfully manufactured by a fast, green, and safe strategy under ultrasonic irradiation to improve interfacial interactions and dispersion of modified NPs in the polymeric matrix. The surface functionality group's effect on the properties and also on morphology of modified NPs and NCs were analyzed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the thermal stability of the NCs was not destroyed in comparison with the PVC polymer. It was found that modified Fe3O4NPs have elevated the flame‐retardancy of the PVC hybrids. In addition, the surface morphology images showed that NPs were dispersed homogenously into the polymer matrix at nanoscale. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 23:E4–E14, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
Grasshopper sparrow reproductive success and habitat use on reclaimed surface mines varies by age of reclamation
Authors: Wood Petra B. , Ammer Frank K.
Published: July 2015

We studied 3 mountaintop mining–valley fill (MTMVF) complexes in southern West Virginia, USA to examine grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum pratensis) demographic response to different age classes of mine land reclamation. For 71 nests monitored during the 2001–2002 breeding seasons, overall nest success (36%) was within the range of nest success rates previously reported for this species, but it was highest on more recently reclaimed sites (56%). Nest density and clutch size did not differ (P > 0.30) among reclamation age classes, whereas number of fledglings was greater (P = 0.01) on more recently reclaimed sites. We measured vegetation variables at 70 nest subplots and at 96 systematic subplots to compare nest vegetation with vegetation available on the plots. We found that nests occurred in areas with more bare ground near the nest, greater vegetation height–density surrounding the nest site, lower grass height, and fewer woody stems, similar to previous studies. As postreclamation age increased, vegetation height–density and maximum grass height increased, and sericea (Lespedeza cuneata) became more dominant. Nest success declined with increasing vegetation height–density at the nest. The grasslands available on these reclaimed mine complexes are of sufficient quality to support breeding populations of grasshopper sparrows, but nest success decreased on the older reclaimed areas. Without active management, grasslands on reclaimed MTMVF mines become less suitable for nesting grasshopper sparrows about 10 years after reclamation. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Long‐Term Survival is not Impaired After the Complete Resection of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Appendix
Authors: Steffen Thomas , Ebinger Sabrina M. , Warschkow René , Lüthi Cornelia , Schmied Bruno M. , Clerici Thomas
Published: July 2015

Background

Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (aNET) are a common entity in routine medical care, with a rate per appendectomy as high as 0.3–0.9 %. Considering the relatively young age at diagnosis for these patients, exact information about the long‐term prognosis of aNET is required. Survival rates vary substantially between 71 and 100 % and are mostly limited to 5 years. This investigation assessed the long‐term mortality rates of patients who underwent aNET resections at fifteen hospitals.

Methods

Between 1990 and 2003, the 10‐year survival rates of 79 patients were analyzed using risk‐adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for population‐based baseline mortality. Additionally, prognostic factors for the oncologic outcomes were assessed.

Results

The median follow‐up of all patients was 12.1 and 13.7 years for those alive. All patients underwent curative R0 resections. No distant metastases were diagnosed. A total of 31 (39.2 %), 29 (36.7 %), 18 (22.8 %), and 1 (1.3 %) patients had stage I, IIA, IIB, and IIIB aNET, respectively, according to the latest classification by the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. The 10‐year overall and relative survival rates were 83.6 % (95 % CI 75.5–92.6 %) and 96.7 % (95 % CI 87.5–107 %), respectively. The 10‐year relative survival rate after resection of aNET did not differ from the survival of the average national population with the same age and gender (p = 0.947). Second primary malignancies (hazard ratio of death 7.0, 95 % CI 1.6–30.6) were identified as a significant prognosticator for long‐term survival.

Conclusions

Long‐term survival is not significantly depreciated after the curative resection of aNET.
Avoiding prepositional pile-up
Authors: Lorelei Lingard Lorelei
Published: July 2015

None
A rationally‐designed chimeric KDM1A/KDM1B histone demethylase tower domain deletion mutant retaining enzymatic activity
Authors: Burg Jonathan M. , Makhoul Alan T. , Pemble Charles W. , Link Jennifer E. , Heller Frederick J. , McCafferty Dewey G.
Published: July 2015

A target with therapeutic potential, lysine‐specific demethylase 1A (KDM1A) is a regulator of gene expression whose tower domain is a protein–protein interaction motif. This domain facilitates the interaction of KDM1A with coregulators and multiprotein complexes that direct its activity to nucleosomes. We describe the design and characterization of a chimeric ‘towerless’ KDM1A, termed nΔ150 KDM1AΔTower KDM1B chimera (chKDM1AΔTower), which incorporates a region from the paralog lysine‐specific demethylase 1B (KDM1B). This chimera copurifies with FAD and displays demethylase activity, but fails to bind the partner protein corepressor of the RE1‐silencing transcription factor (CoREST). We conclude that KDM1A catalysis can be decoupled from tower‐dependent interactions, lending chKDM1AΔTower useful for dissecting molecular contributions to KDM1A function.
Inter‐phase feedbacks in construction projects
Authors: Parvan Kiavash , Rahmandad Hazhir , Haghani Ali
Published: July 2015

Understanding diverse performance trajectories of projects is of interest to operations researchers and practitioners. Interactions between multiple phases of a project are commonly assumed to be important in project dynamics, yet the strength of these feedback mechanisms has not been rigorously evaluated. In this study we use data from 15 construction projects to estimate the feedbacks between design and construction phases. The estimated factors reveal that undiscovered design rework diminishes construction quality and production rate significantly and construction completion speeds up the detection of undiscovered design rework. Together, these feedbacks can explain as much as 20% of variability in overall project costs. Comparison of model predictions with a separate set of 15 projects shows good predictive power for cost and schedule outcomes and their uncertainty. The estimation and prediction framework offers a template for using data from multiple cases to estimate both case‐specific and industry‐wide parameters of project models, and for leveraging those estimates for project planning.