bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multivalley Free Energy Landscape and the Origin of Stripe and Quasi-Stripe CDW Structures in Monolayer MX2 Compounds
Authors: Nakatsugawa Keiji , Tanda Satoshi , Ikeda Tatsuhiko N.
Published: January 2020

Ultrathin sheets of transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2) with charge density waves (CDWs) is increasingly gaining interest as a promising candidate for graphene-like devices. Although experimental data including stripe/quasi-stripe structure and hidden states have been reported, the ground state of ultrathin MX2 compounds and, in particular, the origin of anisotropic (stripe and quasi-stripe) CDW phases is a long-standing problem. Anisotropic CDW phases have been explained by Coulomb interaction between domain walls and inter-layer interaction. However, these models assume that anisotropic domain walls can exist in the first place. Here, we report that anisotropic CDW domain walls can appear naturally without assuming anisotropic interactions: We explain the origin of these phases by topological defect theory (line defects in a two-dimensional plane) and interference between harmonics of macroscopic CDW wave functions. We revisit the McMillan-Nakanishi-Shiba model for monolayer 1T-TaS2 and 2H-TaSe2 and show that CDWs with wave vectors that are separated by 120° (i.e. the three-fold rotation symmetry of the underlying lattice) contain a free-energy landscape with many local minima. Then, we remove this 120° constraint and show that free energy local minima corresponding to the stripe and quasi-stripe phases appear. Our results imply that Coulomb interaction between domain walls and inter-layer interaction may be secondary factors for the appearance of stripe and quasi-stripe CDW phases. Furthermore, this model explains our recent experimental result (appearance of the quasi-stripe structure in monolayer 1T-TaS2) and can predict new CDW phases, hence it may become the basis to study CDW further. We anticipate our results to be a starting point for further study in two-dimensional physics, such as explanation of “Hidden CDW states”, study the interplay between supersolid symmetry and lattice symmetry, and application to other van der Waals structures.
Urinary peptidomics and bioinformatics for the detection of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Brondani Letícia de Almeida , Soares Ariana Aguiar , Recamonde-Mendoza Mariana , Dall’Agnol Angélica , Camargo Joíza Lins , Monteiro Karina Mariante , Silveiro Sandra Pinho
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to establish a peptidomic profile based on LC-MS/MS and random forest (RF) algorithm to distinguish the urinary peptidomic scenario of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different stages of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Urine from 60 T2DM patients was collected: 22 normal (stage A1), 18 moderately increased (stage A2) and 20 severely increased (stage A3) albuminuria. A total of 1080 naturally occurring peptides were detected, which resulted in the identification of a total of 100 proteins, irrespective of the patients’ renal status. The classification accuracy showed that the most severe DKD (A3) presented a distinct urinary peptidomic pattern. Estimates for peptide importance assessed during RF model training included multiple fragments of collagen and alpha-1 antitrypsin, previously associated to DKD. Proteasix tool predicted 48 proteases potentially involved in the generation of the 60 most important peptides identified in the urine of DM patients, including metallopeptidases, cathepsins, and calpains. Collectively, our study lightened some biomarkers possibly involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of DKD, suggesting that peptidomics is a valuable tool for identifying the molecular mechanisms underpinning the disease and thus novel therapeutic targets.
Resting-state connectivity stratifies premanifest Huntington’s disease by longitudinal cognitive decline rate
Authors: Polosecki Pablo , Castro Eduardo , Rish Irina , Pustina Dorian , Warner John H. , Wood Andrew , Sampaio Cristina , Cecchi Guillermo A.
Published: January 2020

Patient stratification is critical for the sensitivity of clinical trials at early stages of neurodegenerative disorders. In Huntington’s disease (HD), genetic tests make cognitive, motor and brain imaging measurements possible before symptom manifestation (pre-HD). We evaluated pre-HD stratification models based on single visit resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data that assess observed longitudinal motor and cognitive change rates from the multisite Track-On HD cohort (74 pre-HD, 79 control participants). We computed longitudinal performance change on 10 tasks (including visits from the preceding TRACK-HD study when available), as well as functional connectivity density (FCD) maps in single rs-fMRI visits, which showed high test-retest reliability. We assigned pre-HD subjects to subgroups of fast, intermediate, and slow change along single tasks or combinations of them, correcting for expectations based on aging; and trained FCD-based classifiers to distinguish fast- from slow-progressing individuals. For robustness, models were validated across imaging sites. Stratification models distinguished fast- from slow-changing participants and provided continuous assessments of decline applicable to the whole pre-HD population, relying on previously-neglected white matter functional signals. These results suggest novel correlates of early deterioration and a robust stratification strategy where a single MRI measurement provides an estimate of multiple ongoing longitudinal changes.
Pseudotumour Cerebri Syndrome in China: A Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Qian , Feng Chaoyi , Zhao Guixian , Chen Weimin , Wang Min , Sun Xinghuai , Sha Yan , Li Zhenxin , Tian Guohong
Published: January 2020

Pseudotumour cerebri syndrome (PTCS) remains to be fully investigated in Chinese patients and our study reported PTCS-related clinical differences between Chinese patients and Western patients. This study enrolled 55 consecutive patients (females: 44, median age: 37 y, age range: 14–62 y) with PTCS diagnosed from October 2015 to December 2017. Nine (16.4%, females) patients had primary PTCS, and 46 (83.6%) had secondary PTCS (P = 0.001). At presentation, 81.8% of patients had grade >3 papilloedema, with 23.6% having diffusely constricted fields. Mean subarachnoid space around the optic nerve measured by retrobulbar ultrasonography during lumbar puncture was 1.12 ± 0.17 mm and decreased to 0.86 ± 0.11 mm after treatment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed that 92.9% of eyes with intact macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) at baseline had good outcomes after treatment. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics showed that secondary PTCS was more common than primary idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Chinese patients. Polycystic ovarian syndrome was the main associated factor in females. Poor visual function was common at presentation. Noninvasive ocular ultrasonography and OCT are the prognostic indicators of PTCS treatment in intracranial pressure and visual function, respectively, after PTCS treatment.
End-Expiratory Occlusion Test During Increase of Vasomotor Tone in a Rabbit Model of Hemorrhage
Authors: Bouchacourt Juan P. , Grignola Juan C.
Published: January 2020

End-expiratory occlusion test (EEOT) has been proposed as a preload responsiveness test that overcomes several limitations of pulse pressure (PPV) and stroke volume (SVV) variations. We compared the ability of EEOT versus SVV and PPV to predict fluid responsiveness during the increase of the vasomotor tone in a rabbit model of hemorrhage. Ten rabbits were anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated during basal load (BL), after progressive blood withdrawal (BW), and after volume replacement. Other two sets of data were obtained during vasomotor increase by phenylephrine (PHE) infusion in BL and BW. We estimated the change of stroke volume (∆SVEEOT) and aortic flow (∆AoFEEOT) during the EEOT. PPV and SVV were obtained by the variation of beat-to-beat PP and SV, respectively. Baseline PPV, SVV, ∆SVEEOT, and ∆AoFEEOT increased significantly after BW, with a decrease of aortic flow (P < 0.05). PHE induced a significant decrease of PPV and SVV, but without affecting ∆SVEEOT, and ∆AoFEEOT. We conclude that ∆SV and ∆AoF during EEOT kept the ability to predict fluid responsiveness during PHE infusion in a rabbit hemorrhage model. This result may suggest the advantage of EEOT with respect to SVV and PPV in predicting fluid responsiveness during vasomotor tone increase.
The effects of Ai Chi for balance in individuals with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ku Pei-Hsin , Chen Szu-Fu , Yang Yea-Ru , Lai Ta-Chang , Wang Ray-Yau
Published: January 2020

This study investigated the effectiveness of Ai Chi compared to conventional water-based exercise on balance performance in individuals with chronic stroke. A total of 20 individuals with chronic stroke were randomly allocated to receive either Ai Chi or conventional water-based exercise for 60 min/time, 3 times/week, and a total of 6 weeks. Balance performance assessed by limit of stability (LOS) test and Berg balance scale (BBS). Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and gait performance were documented for lower extremity movement control and walking ability, respectively. Excursion and movement velocity in LOS test was significantly increased in anteroposterior axis after receiving Ai Chi (p = 0.005 for excursion, p = 0.013 for velocity) but not conventional water-based exercise. In particular, the improvement of endpoint excursion in the Ai Chi group has significant inter-group difference (p = 0.001). Both groups showed significant improvement in BBS and FMA yet the Ai Chi group demonstrated significantly better results than control group (p = 0.025). Ai Chi is feasible for balance training in stroke, and is able to improve weight shifting in anteroposterior axis, functional balance, and lower extremity control as compared to conventional water-based exercise.
Photobiomodulation plus Adipose-derived Stem Cells Improve Healing of Ischemic Infected Wounds in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Moradi Ali , Zare Fatemeh , Mostafavinia Atarodsadat , Safaju Sobhan , Shahbazi Amirhossein , Habibi Malihe , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin , Hashemi Seyed Mahmoud , Amini Abdollah , Ghoreishi Seyed Kamran , Chien Sufan , Hamblin Michael R. , Kouhkheil Reza , Bayat Mohammad
Published: January 2020

In this study, we sought to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation and adipose-derived stem cells (ADS), alone and in combination, on the maturation step of wound healing in an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). We randomly divided 24 adult male rats into 4 groups (n = 6 per group). DM2 plus an ischemic delayed healing wound were induced in all rats. The wounds were infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Group 1 was the control (placebo) group. Group 2 received only photobiomodulation (890 nm, 80 Hz, 0.324 J/cm2, and 0.001 W/cm2). Group 3 received only the allograft ADS. Group 4 received allograft ADS followed by photobiomodulation. On days 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16, we performed microbiological examination (colony forming units, [CFU]), wound area measurement, wound closure rate, wound strength, and histological and stereological examinations. The results indicated that at day 16, there was significantly decreased CFU (Analysis of variance, p = 0.001) in the photobiomodulation + ADS (0.0 ± 0.0), ADS (1350 ± 212), and photobiomodulation (0.0 ± 0.0) groups compared with the control group (27250 ± 1284). There was significantly decreased wound area (Analysis of variance, p = 0.000) in the photobiomodulation + ADS (7.4 ± 1.4 mm2), ADS (11 ± 2.2 mm2), and photobiomodulation (11.4 ± 1.4 mm2) groups compared with the control group (25.2 ± 1.7). There was a significantly increased tensiometeric property (stress maximal load, Analysis of variance, p = 0.000) in the photobiomodulation + ADS (0.99 ± 0.06 N/cm2), ADS (0.51 ± 0.12 N/cm2), and photobiomodulation (0.35 ± 0.15 N/cm2) groups compared with the control group (0.18 ± 0.04). There was a significantly modulated inflammatory response in (Analysis of variance, p = 0.049) in the photobiomodulation + ADS (337 ± 96), ADS (1175 ± 640), and photobiomodulation (69 ± 54) treatments compared to control group (7321 ± 4099). Photobiomodulation + ADS gave significantly better improvements in CFU, wound area, and wound strength compared to photobiomodulation or ADS alone. Photobiomodulation, ADS, and their combination significantly hastened healing in ischemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infected delayed healing wounds in rats with DM2. Combined application of photobiomodulation plus ADS demonstrated an additive effect.
Research on action behavior of neuron system in case of single pulse stimulus
Authors: Zhang Mingliang , Man Menghua , Ma Guilei , Ye Meiyu , Liu Shanghe
Published: January 2020

Facing on the complex electromagnetic environment of electrical equipment, based on the bio-anti-interference characteristics of neuron system, the bio-inspired electromagnetic protection is proposed in order to improve and assist the traditional electromagnetic protection method. In order to analyze the dynamical characteristics of electrical signal transfer process of neuron system, Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is adopted to calculate the action potential of single neuron. The initial value problem used in the parameters of Hodgkin-Huxley model is studied in order to satisfy the physiological phenomenon. The stability of HH model is analyzed to assess the dynamic stable performance of neuron. Based on the investigation of single neuron, a simple neuron system consisted of two neurons and one synapse is studied. The compassion between the action potential of posterior neuron and different synapse is performed, which explores how the mathematic models of different synapses influence the action potential. The relationship between action potential of posterior neuron and coupling strength of simplified synapse is calculated to explain the diversity of electrical signal output of neuron system. These numerical results enable to provide some datum for deeply developing the bio-inspired electromagnetic protection and well designing the bio-inspired circuit.
Predicting change trajectories of neuroticism from baseline brain structure using whole brain analyses and latent growth curve models in adolescents
Authors: Kühn Simone , Mascherek Anna , Banaschewski Tobias , Bokde Arun L. W. , Büchel Christian , Quinlan Erin Burke , Desrivières Sylvane , Flor Herta , Grigis Antoine , Garavan Hugh , Gowland Penny , Heinz Andreas , Ittermann Bernd , Martinot Jean-Luc , Martinot Marie-Laure Paillère , Nees Frauke , Orfanos Dimitri Papadopoulos , Paus Tomáš , Poustka Luise , Millenet Sabina , Fröhner Juliane H. , Smolka Michael N. , Walter Henrik , Whelan Robert , Schumann Gunter , Lindenberger Ulman , Gallinat Jürgen
Published: January 2020

Adolescence is a vulnerable time for personality development. Especially neuroticism with its link to the development of psychopathology is of interest concerning influential factors. The present study exploratorily investigates neuroanatomical signatures for developmental trajectories of neuroticism based on a voxel-wise whole-brain structural equation modelling framework. In 1,814 healthy adolescents of the IMAGEN sample, the NEO-FFI was acquired at three measurement occasions across five years. Based on a partial measurement invariance second-order latent growth curve model we conducted whole-brain analyses on structural MRI data at age 14 years, predicting change in neuroticism over time. We observed that a reduced volume in the pituitary gland was associated with the slope of neuroticism over time. However, no relations with prefrontal areas emerged. Both findings are discussed against the background of possible genetic and social influences that may account for this result.
Morphological, optical and photovoltaic characteristics of MoSe2/SiOx/Si heterojunctions
Authors: Silva J. P. B. , Almeida Marques C. , Viana A. S. , Santos L. F. , Gwozdz K. , Popko E. , Connolly J. P. , Veltruská K. , Matolín V. , Conde O.
Published: January 2020

This work reports the effect of different processing parameters on the structural and morphological characteristics of MoSe2 layers grown by chemical vapour deposition (CVD), using MoO3 and Se powders as solid precursors. It shows the strong dependence of the size, shape and thickness of the MoSe2 layers on the processing parameters. The morphology of the samples was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and the thickness of the deposited layers was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies were used to confirm the high quality of the MoSe2 layers. Surface composition was examined by photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, the MoSe2/SiOx/Si heterojunctions exhibit diode behaviour, with a rectification ratio of 10, measured at ±2.0 V, which is due to the p-i-n heterojunctions formed at the p-Si/SiOx/MoSe2 interface. A photovoltaic effect was observed with a short circuit current density (Jsc), open circuit voltage (VOC) and efficiency of −0.80 mA/cm2, 1.55 V and 0.5%, respectively. These results provide a guide for the preparation of p-i-n heterojunctions based on few-layer MoSe2 with improved photovoltaic response.
Depicting the genetic architecture of pediatric cancers through an integrative gene network approach
Authors: Savary Clara , Kim Artem , Lespagnol Alexandra , Gandemer Virginie , Pellier Isabelle , Andrieu Charlotte , Pagès Gilles , Galibert Marie-Dominique , Blum Yuna , de Tayrac Marie
Published: January 2020

The genetic etiology of childhood cancers still remains largely unknown. It is therefore essential to develop novel strategies to unravel the spectrum of pediatric cancer genes. Statistical network modeling techniques have emerged as powerful methodologies for enabling the inference of gene-disease relationship and have been performed on adult but not pediatric cancers. We performed a deep multi-layer understanding of pan-cancer transcriptome data selected from the Treehouse Childhood Cancer Initiative through a co-expression network analysis. We identified six modules strongly associated with pediatric tumor histotypes that were functionally linked to developmental processes. Topological analyses highlighted that pediatric cancer predisposition genes and potential therapeutic targets were central regulators of cancer-histotype specific modules. A module was related to multiple pediatric malignancies with functions involved in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. This canonical oncogenic module gathered most of the childhood cancer predisposition genes and clinically actionable genes. In pediatric acute leukemias, the driver genes were co-expressed in a module related to epigenetic and post-transcriptional processes, suggesting a critical role of these pathways in the progression of hematologic malignancies. This integrative pan-cancer study provides a thorough characterization of pediatric tumor-associated modules and paves the way for investigating novel candidate genes involved in childhood tumorigenesis.
Rapid Synthesis of Quantum-Sized Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals in Glass
Authors: Shinozaki Kenji , Kawano Naoki
Published: January 2020

A bulk sample of an organic–inorganic (OI) perovskite crystal of (C6H5C2H4NH3)2PbBr4 with a layered structure showing excellent luminescent properties was rapidly synthesised. The raw materials of OI crystal were impregnated into nanoporous glass having 4-nm pores and dried, obtaining a translucent sample of OI nanocrystals in glass (OIiG). An absorbance shoulder was observed at E = 3.04 eV for OIiG, which was attributed to exciton bands, and photoluminescence (PL) duration times of τ1 = 2.8 ns and τ2 = 8.6 ns were recorded for OIiG. In contrast, for a single-crystal sample, E = 2.94 eV, τ1 = 4.1 ns, τ2 = 11.0 ns. Compared to those of the single-crystal sample, the OIiG has a higher absorbance energy, and the duration time was shorter. The exciton activation energy was 195 meV for OIiG, in contrast with 121 meV for single crystal. We propose that these changes are due to the size effect because the particle size (3–4 nm in diameter) in the OIiG is close to the Bohr radius of layer-structured OI crystals.
Endomembrane Protein Trafficking Regulated by a TvCyP2 Cyclophilin in the Protozoan Parasite, Trichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Hsu Hong-Ming , Huang Yu-Hsin , Aryal Sarita , Liu Hsing-Wei , Chen Chinpan , Chen Shu-Hui , Chu Chien-Hsin , Tai Jung-Hsiang
Published: January 2020

In Trichomonas vaginalis, the TvCyP1-catalyzed conformational switches of two glycinyl-prolyl imide bonds in Myb3 were previously shown to regulate the trafficking of Myb3 from cytoplasmic membrane compartments towards the nucleus. In this study, TvCyP2 was identified as a second cyclophilin that binds to Myb3 at the same dipeptide motifs. The enzymatic proficiency of TvCyP2, but not its binding to Myb3, was aborted by a mutation of Arg75 in the catalytic domain. TvCyP2 was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum with a weak signal that extensively extends into the cytoplasm as well as to the plasma membrane according to an immunofluorescence assay. Moreover, TvCyP2 was co-enriched with TvCyP1 and Myb3 in various membrane fractions purified by differential and gradient centrifugation. TvCyP2 was found to proficiently enzymatically regulate the distribution of TvCyP1 and Myb3 among purified membrane fractions, and to localize TvCyP1 in hydrogenosomes and on plasma membranes. Protein complexes immunoprecipitated from lysates of cells overexpressing TvCyP1 and TvCyP2 were found to share some common components, like TvCyP1, TvCyP2, TvBip, Myb3, TvHSP72, and the hydrogenosomal heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Direct interaction between TvCyP1 and TvCyP2 was confirmed by a GST pull-down assay. Fusion of vesicles with hydrogenosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy, whereas TvCyP1, TvCyP2, and Myb3 were each detected at the fusion junction by immunoelectron microscopy. These observations suggest that T. vaginalis may have evolved a novel protein trafficking pathway to deliver proteins among the endomembrane compartments, hydrogenosomes and plasma membranes.
Prognosis and risk factors in older patients with lung cancer and pulmonary embolism: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Junjun Liu , Pei Wang , Ying Yan , Kui Song
Published: January 2020

Older patients, especially those with malignancy, may have an increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). However, few studies have evaluated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of older patients. We evaluated the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and risk factors in older patients with lung cancer complicated with PE. This was a single-center, prospective cohort study. Older patients (≥65 years) with lung cancer admitted in Beijing Hospital from January 2006 to December 2016 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of PE using propensity score matching (PSM). After PSM, one hundred and six patients (53 per group) with an average age of (77.3 ± 10.9) years were enrolled. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histology in patients with PE (52.8%, n = 28), and most lung cancer patients were in stages III and IV (59.4%, n = 63). Patients with PE were stratified to low risk (52.8%, n = 28), intermediate-low risk (24.5%, n = 13), intermediate-high risk (15.1%, n = 8), high-risk (7.5%, n = 4) subgroups. Most PE patients presented with dyspnea (75.5%), and the majority of patients (86.8%, n = 46) developed PE within 3 months after the diagnosis of cancer. The median follow-up time was 23.7 months (12.0–62.0 months), and 7 patients (6.6%) were lost to follow-up. During the follow-up period, 92 patients (86.8%) died, including 8 cases (8.7%) of PE-related death, 73 (79.3%) of tumor death, and 11 (11.9%) of unknown cause. There were significant differences in all-cause mortality (94.3% vs. 83.0%) and PE-related mortality (15.1% vs. 0) between the PE and control groups, but the rate of tumor-related mortality (75.5% vs. 66.0%) was comparable between the groups. Among the 92 patients who died, the mortality rates at 3, 6, 12, and > 12 months after tumor diagnosis were 33.0% (33/106), 57.5% (61/106), 78.3% (83/106), and 89.6% (95/106), respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the median overall survival time was significantly different between the PE and the control groups (4.3 vs. 9.2 months, P = 0.0015). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 77 years (OR = 2.58, 95%CI: 1.66–4.01), clinical stage III–IV (OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.03–4.74), adenocarcinoma (OR = 3.24, 95%CI: 1.75–6.00), high D-dimer (≥600 mg/L) (OR = 2.73, 95%CI: 1.25–5.96), and low partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2; <75 mmHg) (OR = 2.85, 95%CI: 1.74–4.67) were independent risk factors for PE in older patients with lung cancer. Older patients with lung cancer and PE often have poor prognosis. Advanced age, clinical stage III–IV, adenocarcinoma, high D-dimer level, and low PaO2 are independent risk factors for PE.
Author Correction: A highly thermostable crude endoglucanase produced by a newly isolated Thermobifida fusca strain UPMC 901
Authors: Zainudin Mohd Huzairi Mohd , Mustapha Nurul Asyifah , Hassan Mohd Ali , Bahrin Ezyana Kamal , Tokura Mitsunori , Yasueda Hisashi , Shirai Yoshihito
Published: January 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Primary cilia control cell alignment and patterning in bone development via ceramide-PKCζ-β-catenin signaling
Authors: Lim Jormay , Li Xinhua , Yuan Xue , Yang Shuting , Han Lin , Yang Shuying
Published: January 2020

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins are essential for cilia assembly and function. IFT protein mutations lead to ciliopathies, which manifest as variable skeletal abnormalities. However, how IFT proteins regulate cell alignment during bone development is unknown. Here, we show that the deletion of IFT20 in osteoblast lineage using Osterix-Cre and inducible type I Collagen-CreERT cause a compromised cell alignment and a reduced bone mass. This finding was validated by the disorganized collagen fibrils and decreased bone strength and stiffness in IFT20-deficient femurs. IFT20 maintains cilia and cell alignment in osteoblasts, as the concentric organization of three-dimensional spheroids was disrupted by IFT20 deletion. Mechanistically, IFT20 interacts with the ceramide-PKCζ complex to promote PKCζ phosphorylation in cilia and induce the apical localization of β-catenin in osteoblasts, both of which were disrupted in the absence of IFT20. These results reveal that IFT20 regulates polarity and cell alignment via ceramide-pPKCζ-β-catenin signaling during bone development.
Pressure and temperature induced red-shift of the sodium D-line during HMX deflagration
Authors: Morley Olivia J. , Williamson David M.
Published: January 2020

The sodium D-line is often present in optical spectra of combustion due to its high prevalence and emissivity. Collision theory predicts the spectral peak to have a red-shift dependent on pressure,P, and temperature,T. Here we show that the conditions reached during deflagration of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) permit the red-shift of the sodium D-line to be calibrated to 1.5 GPa. Deflagration at these pressures is achieved using a split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus, with temperatures ofcirca2900 K from the greybody continuum away from spectral features. Lower deflagration pressures, of 0.5 to 0.9 GPa, are achieved in a fallhammer test, with temperatures ofcirca4000 K. The red-shift exhibits the predictedPT−0.7dependence with a constant of proportionality of (950 ± 30) GPa-1 · K0.7 · nm. Using the serendipitous presence of sodium, this optical technique allows for fast measurements of both pressure and temperature from the same light source in one measurement.
Interface passivation to overcome shunting in semiconductor–catalyst junctions
Authors: Shadabipour Parisa , Hamann Thomas W.
Published: January 2020

Mesoporous hematite photoanodes modified with a conductive water oxidation catalyst for photoelectrochemical water oxidation suffer from shunting which is alleviated via selective electrodeposition of the polymer PPO.
Synthesis of cobalt-doped V2O3with a hierarchical yolk–shell structure for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Zhang Li , Xu Guancheng , Zhang Xiuli , Zhao Aihua
Published: January 2020

Co-V2O3-24 yolk–shell nanospheres were synthesizedviaa solvothermal treatment and subsequent calcination. The electrochemical performance of Co-V2O3-24 is greatly improved because of Co-doping and the novel hierarchical yolk–shell structure.
Tailoring the luminescence of atomic clusters via ligand exchange reaction mediated post synthetic modification
Authors: Basu Srestha , Gayen Chirantan , Dolai Santanu , Paul Anumita
Published: January 2020

Modulation of luminescent characteristics of atomic gold clusters is an important technological challenge for broadening their futuristic applications. Post synthetic modification of histidine stabilized gold nanoclusters via ligand exchange reaction with cysteine is one such viable route towards modulation of the luminescence properties of gold nanoclusters.
Selective formation of molecular junctions with high and low conductance states by tuning the velocity of electrode displacement
Authors: Isshiki Yuji , Fujii Shintaro , Nishino Tomoaki , Kiguchi Manabu
Published: January 2020

A single-molecule junction of 1,4-di(4-pyridyl)benzene (DPB) was prepared in a nano-gap between two Au electrodes using the scanning tunnelling microscopy-based break junction method (STM-BJ).
Robust field-dressed spectra of diatomics in an optical lattice
Authors: Pawlak Mariusz , Szidarovszky Tamás , Halász Gábor J. , Vibók Ágnes
Published: January 2020

To what extent does the mixing between the different degrees of freedom modify the absorption spectra of Na2 in an optical lattice.
Iron N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in homogeneous catalysis
Authors: Liang Qiuming , Song Datong
Published: January 2020

This review article summarizes recent development of homogeneous iron N-heterocyclic carbene catalysts.
A nanohybrid self-assembled from exfoliated layered vanadium oxide nanosheets and Keggin Al13 for selective catalytic oxidation of alcohols
Authors: Wang Shuang , Li Shuying , Shi Rui , Zou Xinyu , Zhang Zhijuan , Fu Guoyuan , Li Lei , Luo Fang
Published: January 2020

A porous V2O5–Al13 nanohybrid based on the self-assembly of Keggin Al13 and exfoliated V2O5 nanosheets for selective oxidation of alcohols.
Crystal growth of novel 3D skeleton uranyl germanium complexes: influence of synthetic conditions on crystal structures
Authors: Li Haijian , Kegler Philip , Alekseev Evgeny V.
Published: January 2020

Five novel uranyl germanates with 3D centrosymmetric frameworks were obtained by using hydrothermal, H-T and H-T/H-P flux growth techniques.
Advanced water splitting electrocatalysts via the design of multicomponent heterostructures
Authors: Cheng Yafei , Geng Hongbo , Huang Xiaoqing
Published: January 2020

The design of multicomponent heterostructures for electrocatalysts is a promising strategy for enhancing electrocatalytic activities.
Over 14.5% efficiency and 71.6% fill factor of ternary organic solar cells with 300 nm thick active layers
Authors: Gao Jinhua , Gao Wei , Ma Xiaoling , Hu Zhenghao , Xu Chunyu , Wang Xuelin , An Qiaoshi , Yang Chuluo , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhang Fujun
Published: January 2020

A 14.57% PCE is achieved in optimized ternary OSCs with 300 nm active layers compatible with R2R large-scale printing process, indicating that thick-film ternary strategy has great potential in achieving efficient large-scale OSCs.
No evidence for brown carbon formation in ambient particles undergoing atmospherically relevant drying
Authors: Pratap Vikram , Battaglia Michael A. , Carlton Annmarie G. , Hennigan Christopher J.
Published: January 2020

This work shows, for the first time, that brown carbon formation is not observed in ambient particles undergoing drying.
Emerging investigator series: control of membrane fouling by dissolved algal organic matter using pre-oxidation with coagulation as seawater pretreatment
Authors: Deka Bhaskar Jyoti , Guo Jiaxin , Jeong Sanghyun , Kumar Manish , An Alicia Kyoungjin
Published: January 2020

High AOM removal achieved by pre-oxidation with coagulation–flocculation-dissolved air flotation. In situ ferrate was formed by wet chemical oxidation of NaOCl-Fe3+. Membrane fouling was significantly alleviated and assessed by OCT technique.
Simulated digestion of an olive pomace water-soluble ingredient: relationship between the bioaccessibility of compounds and their potential health benefits
Authors: Ribeiro Tânia B. , Oliveira Ana , Campos Débora , Nunes João , Vicente António A. , Pintado Manuela
Published: January 2020

Liquid-enriched fraction (LOPP) from the by-product olive pomace is a powder with great potential as a source of bioactive compounds.
Panaxynol attenuates CUMS-induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviorsviaregulating neurotransmitters, synapses and the HPA axis in mice
Authors: Sun Xialin , Zhang Tingwen , Zhao Yan , Cai Enbo , Zhu Hongyan , Liu Shuangli
Published: January 2020

Panaxynol has significant inhibitory effect on CUMS-induced depression in mice.
Electrochemical-induced regioselective C-3 thiomethylation of imidazopyridines via a three-component cross-coupling strategy
Authors: Wen Jiangwei , Niu Cong , Yan Kelu , Cheng Xingda , Gong Ruike , Li Mengqian , Guo Yongqiang , Yang Jianjing , Wang Hua
Published: January 2020

The electrochemical-induced regioselective C-3 thiomethylation of imidazopyridines has been initially accomplished via a three-component cross-coupling strategy using thiocyanate as the sulfur source and methanol as the methyl reagent.
Effective separation of surfactant-stabilized crude oil-in-water emulsions by using waste brick powder-coated membranes under corrosive conditions
Authors: Shi Guogui , Shen Yongqian , Mu Peng , Wang Qingtao , Yang Yaoxia , Ma Siyi , Li Jian
Published: January 2020

Underwater superoleophobic WBP-coated membranes were employed to effectively separate crude oil-in-water emulsions under corrosive conditions.
Role of partial charge assignment methods in high-throughput screening of MOF adsorbents and membranes for CO2/CH4 separation
Authors: Altintas Cigdem , Keskin Seda
Published: January 2020

The role of partial charge assignment methods used in high-throughput computational screening of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) for CO2/CH4 separation is examined.
Enhanced efficacy in drug-resistant cancer cells through synergistic nanoparticle mediated delivery of cisplatin and decitabine
Authors: Parhizkar M. , Reardon P. J. T. , Harker A. H. , Browning R. J. , Stride E. , Pedley R. B. , Knowles J. C. , Edirisinghe M.
Published: January 2020

Co-encapsulation of cisplatin and decitabine in nanoparticles produced by electrohydrodynamic processing. Combination of multiple therapeutic agents in a single nano-carrier could potentially help to overcome drawbacks of monotherapy in cancer treatment.
Metal–organic frameworks with different spatial dimensions for supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Kuai-Bing , Bi Rong , Wang Zi-Kai , Chu Yang , Wu Hua
Published: January 2020

Recent progress in MOF materials for SCs with different spatial dimensions, such as 2D MOFs, including conductive MOFs and nanosheets, and 3D MOFs, categorized as single metallic and multiple metallic MOFs, are reviewed.
Broadband chiral hybrid plasmon modes on nanofingernail substrates
Authors: Librizzi Paulina , Biswas Aneek , Chang Roger , Kong Xiang-Tian , Moocarme Matthew , Ahuja Gaurav , Kretzschmar Ilona , Vuong Luat T.
Published: January 2020

Inverted glancing angle deposition produces closely-spaced, out-of-plane structures around apertures. These nanofingernails exhibit chiral hybrid multi-polar modes, tilted Poynting vector power flows, and hotspots that depend on illuminating circular-polarization handedness.
Multi-triggered and enzyme-mimicking graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol/G-quartet supramolecular hydrogels
Authors: Zhang Jiaxing , Lu Na , Peng Hongzhen , Li Jie , Yan Ruohong , Shi Xuerong , Ma Pan , Lv Min , Wang Lihua , Tang Zisheng , Zhang Min
Published: January 2020

3D-nanostructured supramolecular hydrogels were fabricated via self-assembly of GO nanosheets, PVA chains, and G-quartet/hemin motifs, showing multi-triggered switchable behaviors as well as excellent peroxidase-like activities.
Visible-light-driven metal-free aerobic synthesis of highly diastereoselective phosphinoylpyrroloindoles
Authors: Gorre Ramesh , Enagandhula Damodar , Balasubramanian Sridhar , Akondi Srirama Murthy
Published: January 2020

A tandem C–P and C–C bond formation promoted by visible light at room temperature in a highly diastereoselective manner is described.
Zwitterionic copolymerization of γ-butyrolactone with 3,3-bis(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane catalyzed by scandium triflates
Authors: Qiu Huan , Shah Muhammad Ijaz , Bai Tianwen , Jiang Liming , Ling Jun
Published: January 2020

Zwitterionic copolymerization of γ-butyrolactone with 3,3-bis(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane is catalyzed by scandium triflates generating random linear and cyclic copolymer.
Mechanically strong and tough hydrogels with pH-triggered self-healing and shape memory properties based on a dual physically crosslinked network
Authors: Liu Tao , Zou Shaoshuang , Hang Chen , Li Jian , Di Xiang , Li Xiaohui , Wu Qiang , Wang Fenfen , Sun Pingchuan
Published: January 2020

A kind of dual physically crosslinked hydrogel with pH-triggered self-healing and shape memory properties is reported.
Facile strategy for the fabrication of noble metal/ZnS composites with enhanced photocatalytic activities
Authors: Jin Xuekun , Chen Fengjuan , Jia Dianzeng , Cao Yali , Duan Haiming , Long Mengqiu
Published: January 2020

The introduction of noble metal nanoparticles to photocatalysts can effectively improve the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron–holes.
Challenges and opportunities in the recovery of gold from electronic waste
Authors: Rao Mudila Dhanunjaya , Singh Kamalesh K. , Morrison Carole A. , Love Jason B.
Published: January 2020

Rapid global technological development has led to the rising production of electronic waste that presents both challenges and opportunities in its recycling.
pH-sensitive CAP/SiO2 composite for efficient co-delivery of doxorubicin and siRNA to overcome multiple drug resistance
Authors: Cai Zheng , Chen Yuezhu , Zhang Yingwen , He Zhimei , Wu Xiaoge , Jiang Li-Ping
Published: January 2020

CAP/SiO2 composite with good biocompatibility and acid biodegradability has been prepared. The proposed drug and gene codelivery system based on it demonstrated enhanced therapeutic efficacy for multiple drug resistance cells.
Immobilized Ag3PO4/GO on 3D nickel foam and its photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin antibiotic under visible light
Authors: Ji Bang , Zhao Wenfeng , Duan Jieli , Fu Lanhui , Ma Lizhe , Yang Zhou
Published: January 2020

A series of Ag3PO4/graphene oxide catalysts were dip-coated onto 3D nickel foam for photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin antibiotics.
An assessment on crystallization phenomena of Si in Al/a-Si thin films via thermal annealing and ion irradiation
Authors: Maity G. , Dubey S. , El-Azab Anter , Singhal R. , Ojha S. , Kulriya P. K. , Dhar S. , Som T. , Kanjilal D. , Patel Shiv P.
Published: January 2020

In the present study, crystallization of amorphous-Si (a-Si) in Al/a-Si bilayer thin films under thermal annealing and ion irradiation has been investigated for future solar energy materials applications.
Electronic and optical properties of monolayer MoS2under the influence of polyethyleneimine adsorption and pressure
Authors: Le Ong Kim , Chihaia Viorel , Pham-Ho My-Phuong , Son Do Ngoc
Published: January 2020

Pressure modifies both electronic and optical properties; however, PEI adsorption only alters the electronic structure of monolayer MoS2.
Harmane ameliorates obesity though inhibiting lipid accumulation and inducing adipocyte browning
Authors: Li Yanwen , Li Chanjuan , Wu Jiaqiang , Liu Wenfeng , Li Dongli , Xu Jun
Published: January 2020

Harmane ameliorates obesity though inhibiting lipid accumulation and inducing adipocyte browning.
Cross-linking of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) by phytic acid: pH-responsive adsorbent for high-efficiency removal of cationic and anionic dyes
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Hu Rui , Li Yanke , Huang Yangze , Wang Yixi , Wei Zhong , Yu Erlei , Guo Xuhong
Published: January 2020

The adsorbent PADG based on phytic acid and DMAEMA was synthesized and tested, which is pH-sensitive and shows high adsorption capacities for anionic and cationic dyes.
Influence of Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–hexanol and biodiesel–diesel–ethanol blends on compression ignition engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics
Authors: Ramalingam Selvakumar , Mahalakshmi N. V.
Published: January 2020

In the current work, the influences of Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–hexanol and Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–ethanol blends on compression ignition engine characteristics were experimentally investigated.
Effects of calcination temperatures on the structure–activity relationship of Ni–La/Al2O3 catalysts for syngas methanation
Authors: Wu Hongli , Zou Meng , Guo Lisheng , Ma Fengyun , Mo Wenlong , Yu Yuming , Mian Inamullah , Liu Jingmei , Yin Shuangjie , Tsubaki Noritatsu
Published: January 2020

Calcination temperature affects the existing types of NiO, and the influence of the three NiO types on the catalytic activity of samples is bound type ≫ free type > combined type.
Insight into the factors controlling the equilibrium of allylic azides
Authors: Vallejos Margarita M. , Labadie Guillermo R.
Published: January 2020

The factors controlling the allyl azides equilibrium has been studied by different theoretical approaches setting the basis to predict the regioisomers predominance in the equilibrium mixture.
Cascade enzymatic synthesis of l-homoserine – mathematical modelling as a tool for process optimisation and design
Authors: Česnik M. , Sudar M. , Hernández K. , Charnock S. , Vasić-Rački Đ. , Clapés P. , Findrik Blažević Z.
Published: January 2020

Mathematical modelling enabled cascade reaction optimisation; 100% increase in product concentration and 18% increase in volume productivity compared to previous work.
A designed second-sphere hydrogen-bond interaction that critically influences the O–O bond activation for heterolytic cleavage in ferric iron–porphyrin complexes
Authors: Bhunia Sarmistha , Rana Atanu , Dey Somdatta Ghosh , Ivancich Anabella , Dey Abhishek
Published: January 2020

Heme hydroperoxidases catalyze the oxidation of substrates by H2O2.
Accelerated alkaline hydrogen evolution on M(OH)x/M-MoPOx (M = Ni, Co, Fe, Mn) electrocatalysts by coupling water dissociation and hydrogen ad-desorption steps
Authors: Peng Lishan , Liao Mansheng , Zheng Xingqun , Nie Yao , Zhang Ling , Wang Minjie , Xiang Rui , Wang Jian , Li Li , Wei Zidong
Published: January 2020

An efficient alkaline HER is realized on M(OH)x/M-MoPOx by accelerating water dissociation and hydrogen ad-desorption with the help of hydroxide modification and element incorporation.
Sulfatase-cleavable linkers for antibody-drug conjugates
Authors: Bargh Jonathan D. , Walsh Stephen J. , Isidro-Llobet Albert , Omarjee Soleilmane , Carroll Jason S. , Spring David R.
Published: January 2020

Arylsulfate-containing linkers are cleaved by lysosomal sulfatases to release payloads from ADCs at targeted cancer cells.
N-doping of fullerene using 1,3,5-trimethylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine as an electron transport layer for nonfullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Li Jing , Qin Fei , Zeng Wenwu , Sun Lulu , Wang Wen , Zhou Yinhua
Published: January 2020

TMHT can effectively dope fullerene and the doping removes the S-shape in the J–V characteristics of nonfullerene organic solar cells with a PCBM electron-transport layer.
Defect-engineered zeolite porosity and accessibility
Authors: Qin Zhengxing , Hafiz Leila , Shen Yanfeng , Daele Stijn Van , Boullay Philippe , Ruaux Valerie , Mintova Svetlana , Gilson Jean-Pierre , Valtchev Valentin
Published: January 2020

The rational use of intrinsic and chemically induced defects makes zeolite dissolution go beyond the limit set by the zeolite structure and synthesis conditions and allows the tuning of zeolite porosity and acidity at the meso- and nano-scale.
Biomass-derived porous graphitic carbon materials for energy and environmental applications
Authors: Chen Qiang , Tan Xiaofei , Liu Yunguo , Liu Shaobo , Li Meifang , Gu Yanling , Zhang Peng , Ye Shujing , Yang Zhongzhu , Yang Yuanyuan
Published: January 2020

This review presents the applications of biomass-derived porous graphitic carbon materials and their synthetic methods.
Engineering effective structural defects of metal–organic frameworks to enhance their catalytic performances
Authors: Wang Jianjian , Liu Lingmei , Chen Cailing , Dong Xinglong , Wang Qin , Alfilfil Lujain , AlAlouni Mohammed R. , Yao Kexin , Huang Jianfeng , Zhang Daliang , Han Yu
Published: January 2020

Creation of more effective open metal sites via individual tuning of missing-linker or missing-cluster defects greatly enhances their catalytic performance.
Construction of Kevlar nanofiber/graphene oxide composite beads as safe, self-anticoagulant, and highly efficient hemoperfusion adsorbents
Authors: Yang Ye , Yin Shiqi , He Chao , Wu Xizheng , Yin Jiarui , Zhang Jue , Ma Lang , Zhao Weifeng , Cheng Chong , Zhao Changsheng
Published: January 2020

Brand new Kevlar/GO composite gel beads assembled by π–π interaction serve as safe and self-anticoagulant absorbents in hemoperfusion fields.
Modified silicone rubber for fabrication and contacting of flexible suspended membranes of n-/p-GaP nanowires with a single-walled carbon nanotube transparent contact
Authors: Neplokh Vladimir , Kochetkov Fedor M. , Deriabin Konstantin V. , Fedorov Vladimir V. , Bolshakov Alexey D. , Eliseev Igor E. , Mikhailovskii Vladimir Yu. , Ilatovskii Daniil A. , Krasnikov Dmitry V. , Tchernycheva Maria , Cirlin George E. , Nasibulin Albert G. , Mukhin Ivan S. , Islamova Regina M.
Published: January 2020

Rubber materials are the key components of flexible optoelectronic devices, especially for the light-emitting diodes based on arrays of inorganic nanowires (NWs).
Elegant design of carbon nanotube foams with double continuous structure for metamaterials in a broad frequency range
Authors: Jiao Zhenmin , D’hooge Dagmar R. , Cardon Ludwig , Qiu Jun
Published: January 2020

A CNT foam-based metamaterial was successfully designed with a bicontinuous phase structure and pressure-adjustable negative permittivitty and permeability.
Two-dimensional flower-shaped Au@Ag nanoparticle arrays as effective SERS substrates with high sensitivity and reproducibility for detection of thiram
Authors: Xing Changchang , Zhong Shichuan , Yu Jie , Li Xuejiao , Cao An , Men Dandan , Wu Bo , Cai Weiping , Li Yue
Published: January 2020

A simple and controllable route is presented for the construction of two-dimensional (2D) flower-shaped Au@Ag nanoparticle (NP) arrays through in situ chemical reduction growth of Ag nanosheets on Au NP arrays.
Modulation of π-linkers in asymmetric thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules enabling high performance OLEDs
Authors: Wei Weichun , Yang Zhan , Chen Xiaojie , Liu Tiantian , Mao Zhu , Zhao Juan , Chi Zhenguo
Published: January 2020

Modulating aromatic π-linkers in asymmetric thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters enables high performance OLEDs.
Synthesis of a titanium ethylene complex via C–H-activation and alternative access to Cp2Ti(η2-Me3SiC2SiMe3)
Authors: Fischer Malte , Vincent-Heldt Lisa , Hillje Malena , Schmidtmann Marc , Beckhaus Ruediger
Published: January 2020

The synthesis of a room temperature stable titanacyclopropane in a one-step-two-transformation protocol is presented. Additionally, a novel one-pot procedure toward Cp2Ti(η2-Me3SiC2SiMe3) was subsequently developed.