bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Signature identification based on immunogenic cell death-related lncRNAs to predict the prognosis and immune activity of patients with endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Yao Yuwei , Zhang Qi , Wei Sitian , Li Haojia , Zhang Jiarui , Zhang Jun , Wang Hongbo
Published: April 2023

Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies and requires further classification for treatment and prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and immunogenic cell death play a critical role in tumor progression. Nevertheless, the role of lncRNAs in immunogenic cell death in EC remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of immunogenic cell death (ICD) related-lncRNAs in EC via bioinformatics and establish a prognostic risk model based on the ICD related-lncRNAs. We also explored immune infiltration and immune cell function across prognostic groups and made treatment recommendations.
Methods: A total of 552 EC samples and clinical data of 548 EC patients were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and UCSC Xena, respectively. A prognostic-related feature and risk model were developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Subtypes were classified with consensus cluster analysis and validated with t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (tSNE). Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to assess differences in survival. Infiltration by immune cells was estimated by ssGSEA, TIMER algorithm. By using the "pRRophetic" R package, the IC50 of drugs was compared among risk subgroups. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the expression of lncRNA in clinical EC tissues and cell lines.
Result: In total, 16 immunogenic cell death-related lncRNAs with prognostic values were identified. Using SCARNA9, FAM198B-AS1, FKBP14-AS1, FBXO30-DT, LINC01943, and AL161431.1 as risk model, their predictive accuracy and discrimination were assessed. We divided EC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the risk model. The analysis showed that the risk model was an independent prognostic factor. The prognosis of the high- and low-risk groups was different, and the overall survival (OS) of the high-risk group was lower. The low-risk group had higher immune cell infiltration and immune scores. Consensus clustering analysis divided the samples into four subtypes, of which cluster 4 had higher immune cell infiltration and immune scores.
Conclusion:A prognostic signature composed of 6 immunogenic cell death related-lncRNAs in EC was established, and a risk model based on this signature can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with EC.
Integrated analysis of messenger RNA and microRNA in patients with community- acquired pneumonia-associated sepsis
Authors: Oda Sayaka , Matsumoto Hisatake , Togami Yuki , Yoshimura Jumpei , Ito Hiroshi , Onishi Shinya , Muratsu Arisa , Mitsuyama Yumi , Okuzaki Daisuke , Ogura Hiroshi , Tanaka Susumu , Oda Jun
Published: April 2023

Background:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is defined as an acute lung infection involving the alveoli that occurs in a patient without recent health care exposure. A complication of CAP is severe sepsis, a syndrome of infection often accompanied by systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate mRNA and miRNA in whole blood and to perform an integrative analysis to assess cellular signals that play a role in the pathogenesis of patients with CAP-associated sepsis.Methods:This was a prospective, observational, single-center study of patients transported to the Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University. Patients with CAP-associated sepsis were analyzed. The diagnosis of pneumonia was made according to the clinical findings, including blood samples and chest computed tomography scan, and the diagnosis of sepsis followed the Sepsis-3 guidelines.Results:We included 14 critically ill patients with CAP-associated sepsis and 15 healthy control subjects (HCS). The median ages of the patient group and HCS were 78 and 55 years, and their body mass indexes were 22.8 and 21.7 kg/m2, respectively. All patients were treated at the critical care center, and 11 of the 14 patients received ventilatory management. All patients survived. These 14 patients met the diagnostic criteria of Sepsis-3 and were diagnosed as having CAP-associated sepsis. Of them, 6 patients met the diagnostic criteria for septic shock. RNA sequencing showed the number of genes with up:down (upregulated:downregulated) expression variation (false discovery rate [FDR] <0.05, |log2 fold change| >1.2) to be 1209:1461 for mRNA; 51:21 for microRNA; and 646:1274 for miRNA-targeted mRNA. Canonical pathway analysis using mRNA showed activation of the PD-1 and PD-L1 cancer immunotherapy signaling pathways and inhibition of the Th1 signaling pathway as well as that using miRNA-targeted mRNAs.Conclusions:Using integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA, we elucidated for the first time, to our knowledge, that T-cell exhaustion occurred during the acute phase of CAP-associated sepsis and that miRNA regulated Th1 signaling and PD-1 and PD-L1 cancer immunotherapy signaling through the RNA interference action of mRNA.
Clinical Analysis of Febrile Seizures in Children with COVID-19 in the Omicron Era: a Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Liu Ling , Ou Rong , Tan Zhong-You , Wang Ning , Chen Hongxia
Published: April 2023

Objectives：This study sought to investigate the characteristics of febrile seizures in children infected with the Omicron variant in Chongqing province, west of China, and underscore the importance of monitoring for potential neurological complications associated with this variant.
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled a total of 84 pediatric patients with COVID-19 and FS who were admitted to Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital between December 11th and December 26th, 2022. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological and EEG data were retrospectively summarized.
Results: The study enrolled 84 children, with a median age of 21.5 (15-35.5) months and a range of 6-162 months. Among these, 11.9% were of atypical age (age > 5 years). The patient population comprised of 54 (64.29%) boys and 30 (35.71%) girls. 32.14% presented with complex FS. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures occurred in 51.19%, followed by generalized tonic seizures (43.43%). 86.9% occurred within 24h after fever onset and 80.95% continued for ≤ 5min.
Conclusions: Febrile seizures in children with Omicron VOC are common COVID-19 illness with a higher prevalence compared with other VOCs. They present with similar clinical manifestations and resolve spontaneously with a benign clinical outcome in line with other seasonal viruses.
DETrack: Multi-object tracking algorithm based on feature decomposition and feature enhancement
Authors: Wen Feng , Huang Haixin , Hu Xiaojie , Yin Xiangyang , Ma Junguang
Published: April 2023

Multi-object tracking (MOT) algorithms are typically classified as one-shot or two-step algorithms. The one-shot MOT algorithm is widely studied and applied due to its fast inference speed. However, one-shot algorithms include two sub-tasks of detection and re-ID, which have conflicting directions for model optimization, thus limiting tracking performance. Additionally, MOT algorithms often suffer from serious ID switching issues, which can negatively affect the tracking effect. To address these challenges, this study proposes the DETrack algorithm, which consists of feature decomposition and feature enhancement modules. The feature decomposition module can effectively exploit the differences and correlations of different tasks to solve the conflict problem. Moreover, it can effectively mitigate the competition between the detection and re-ID tasks, while simultaneously enhancing their cooperation. The feature enhancement module can improve feature quality and alleviate the problem of target ID switching. Experimental results demonstrate that DETrack has achieved improvements in multi-object tracking performance, while reducing the number of ID switching. The designed method of feature decomposition and feature enhancement can significantly enhance target tracking effectiveness.
Factors affecting vocational choice among senior nursing students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lee Myung Kyung , Oh Jihyun
Published: April 2023

Background: During clinical placement, nursing students may experience unease and moral distress, negatively impacting their professional values and vocational choices.This study explored factors affecting nursing students’ vocational choices.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited the participants from three universities in South Korea Between September and October 2021. This study was adopted with a convenience sample of 270 Korean fourth-year nursing students who completed their clinical practice at tertiary general hospitals in three provinces in the North, Middle, and South areas of South Korea. Data were collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire.
Results: The factors affecting higher vocational choice were higher professional values, intention not to choose nursing as a future career, having no vision for choosing nursing, democratic family climate, and having at least one parent who was a medical professional.
Conclusion: Fostering students’ nursing professionalism and professional values through university education curricula may help maintain nursing students’ professional identity.
AdultCarbQuiz for the portuguese population with type 1 diabetes mellitus: translation, cultural adaptation and validation of its metabolic impact
Authors: Lopes Valentim , Peixoto Ana , Lages Adriana De Sousa
Published: April 2023

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), functional insulin therapy, based on carbohydrate (CH) counting and individualized insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio, is essential to achieve an adequate metabolic control. However, to date, few tools have been validated to assess patients' knowledge about CH counting, with the AdultCarbQuizquestionnaire having proved to be a reliable method in an American cohort. The aim of this study was, therefore, to translate, culturally adapt and validate the AdultCarbQuiz questionnaire for the Portuguese population.
Methods: Cross-sectional study of patients with T1DM on functional insulin therapy through continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) followed in the Endocrinology department of a tertiary center. Prior to its application, the AdultCarbQuiz questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted to the Portuguese context. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS® software, v.27, with p values < 0.05 being considered significant.
Results: 100 patients were included, 58% of female sex, with a mean age of 31.09 ± 10.77 years. Mean disease duration was 15.04 ± 9.23 years and mean CSII usage time was 4.02 ± 3.90 years. The average value of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), Time In Range (TIR), Time Above Range (TAR) and Time Below Range (TBR) was, respectively, 7.32 ± 0.87, 59.75 ± 14.13, 34.38 ± 15.40 and 5.75 ± 6.58%. The average score of the questionnaire was 30.86 points ± 3.58 points, considered high. The Kuder-Richardson 20 coefficient value was 0.63 for the total score, with a Spearman-Brown value for the half-split of 0.63. Individuals with lower HbA1c values scored significantly higher on knowledge about hypoglycemia prevention and correction (r = - 0.269, p = 0.007) and on the total questionnaire score (r = - 0.205, p = 0.041). A higher TIR and a lower TAR were also associated with a higher total score (r = 0.274, p = 0.007 and r = - 0.274, p = 0.007, respectively).
Conclusion: In this study, the AdultCarbQuizquestionnaire, translated and culturally adapted to the Portuguese context, proved to be a useful tool in assessing knowledge about CH counting in patients with T1DM, allowing to optimize, individually, the therapeutic strategy in consultation.
U-shaped Loop：A Strain Relief Loop for Preventing Vagal Nerve Stimulator Lead Fracture
Authors: Mei Tao , Chen Yong , Shi Xin
Published: April 2023

Background: Vagal nerve electrical stimulation (VNS) is one of the effective neuromodulatory therapies for drug resistant epilepsy (DRE). Common device complications include lead fracture, device failure or battery dislodgement, resulting in various clinical symptoms. We report a case of lead fracture after VNS surgery, which provides inspiration during VNS surgery.
Case presentation: The patient was a 10-year-old child treated with VNS for DRE. The child's body was still growing, and after surgery, he occasionally engaged in physical activity, which led to an increase in the number of seizures after a neck rotation. An examination of the VNS device was performed, which showed that the wire lead was broken. The patient decided to have a VNS replacement surgery. During the operation, we maintain a certain degree of relaxation of the lead through two U-shaped loops as strain relief loops in the neck to prevent the lead fracture during neck activity. Postoperative epilepsy was well controlled, and no more seizures occurred during physical activity and neck rotation.
Conclusions: Maintaining a certain degree of relaxation of the lead in the neck during VNS operation can reduce the occurrence of lead fracture caused by the patient's body growth and neck rotation after surgery.
Evolutionary analysis of TCP gene family and its response to hormonal and abiotic stress in rye (Secale cereale L.)
Authors: Ren Yanyan , Ma Rui , Xie Mu hua , Lian Qinggui , Jiang Tingting
Published: April 2023

Background Teosinte branched1/cycloidea/proliferating cell factor (TCP) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors involved in diverse biological processes, including growth and development, abiotic stress resistance, leaf senescence, lateral branch formation, and pollen development. However, the evolution of the TCP family in the rye is poorly understood.Results A total of 26 TCP genes were identified on seven rye chromosomes. The genes were divided into three subfamilies based on the homology analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana, T. aestivum, H. vulgare, O. sativa, Z. mays, and A. tauschii (not identified) were selected as the related species of rye to evaluate the developmental mechanism of ScTCP gene family during the evolutionary process via motif and collinearity analyses. The results showed that fragment replication events modulated ScTCP gene family expansion. In addition, interactions among ScTCP proteins and the identification of promoters containing many hormonal and stress-responsive cis-acting elements suggested that the regulation of ScTCP expression is complex. The expression patterns of 12 genes were analyzed under different tissues, fruit development stages, three hormones, and six abiotic stresses.Conclusions The results demonstrated that ScTCP genes, especially ScTCP6, play a critical role in rye development and its response to various hormones and abiotic stresses. This study provides new insights into the evolution of TCP genes in rye and thus may promote molecular breeding.
Successful ability to stay at home - An interview study exploring multiple diagnosed older persons and their relatives’ experiences Running title: The meaning of ability to stay at home
Authors: Gustafsson Lena-Karin , Bondesson Anna , Pettersson Tina , Östlund Gunnel
Published: April 2023

Background: Society places increased demands on regions and municipalities to jointly carry out activities for multi-diagnosed older persons with extensive coordination needs. Interprofessional collaboration is reported as an important success factor for the overall health care of this group of patients. This project focuses on older persons with multiple diagnoses and their relatives’ own experiences of what is most important for safety and security in their homes.
The aim of the study was: to illuminate the meaning of success for the ability to stay at home as experienced by older persons with multiple diagnoses and their relatives.
Methods: The project had a descriptive explorative design with a phenomenological hermeneutic approach based on analysis of in-depth interviews.
Findings: Own resources were identified such as belief in the future, spiritual belief, social network, having loved ones and pets. Technical aids were seen as helpful resources, working as indoor and outdoor security safeguards. These resources included having good telephone contact with social and professional networks as well as other forms of personal equipment such as a personal alarm. The professional network was a resource, acting as support when the patient's own abilities were not sufficient. Finally, having personnel who had the time and interest to listen was seen as crucial to experience safety.
Conclusions: The main reason for being able to continue homecare was the person’s self-care system, their personal, social, and technical resources. Professional care development should anchor team work to the patient’s own system of self and informal care.
Fluoride concentration, antibacterial effect, and cytotoxicity in children’s toothpaste: in vitro study
Authors: Nantanapiboon Dusit , Thongthai Pasiree , Sivavong Pimduean , Osathanon Thanaphum , Tantilertanant Yanee , Sakoolnamarka Rangsima , Singthong Thawanrat , Uttasen Sirirat , Boonsuth Budsaraporn , Monmaturapoj Naruporn
Published: April 2023

Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect on cell viability, the antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria, and the total bioavailability of commercially available children’s toothpastes in Thailand.Materials and methods Seven toothpaste slurries were prepared from seven commercial toothpastes for children. Total fluoride concentration was determined. Agar diffusion method was used to examine the antibacterial effect of toothpaste against Streptococcus mutans. The viability of L929 mouse fibroblasts exposed with different concentrations of each toothpaste slurry was tested by MTT assay.Results Fluoride concentration in fluoride containing toothpastes was ranged from 521.36 to 1377.83 ppm. Two toothpastes exhibited a similar level of fluoride concentration compared between the product labels. Other toothpastes showed the difference or slight difference in fluoride concentration between the companies’ information and our data. Zone of inhibition was ranged from 0-2.08 cm. Significant higher zone of inhibition was observed in toothpastes with sodium lauryl sulphate. The concentration of toothpaste that reduced cell viability to be less than 50% of the control was 0.8%, 3.1%, 6.3%, 6.3%, 25% and 100% for Fluocaril Deli Fruity, Oral-B Junior 6+, Kodomo kids, CUdent Stevia, Sun Star GUM and Kindee Organic, respectively.Conclusion The examined children’s toothpastes can inhibit the growth of S. mutans which did not correlate with fluoride concentration. The antibacterial effects could be the results of other ingredients, for example sodium lauryl sulphate.
Can Triglyceride/Glucose Index (TyG) and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio (TG/HDL-c) Predict Diabetes in Pregnant Women?
Authors: Ergani Seval Yılmaz , İlhan Tolgay Tuyan , Çakır Betül Tokgöz , Bayraktar Burak , Bucak Mevlüt , İbanoglu Mujdecan , Yücel Kadriye Yakut , Erdoğan Kadriye , İskender Can Tekin , Üstün Yaprak Engin
Published: April 2023

Purpose In this study, we investigated whether the Triglyceride/Glucose index(TyG) and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio(TG/HDL-c) are measured in the first trimester, if it can give an idea about gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods Twenty-five patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes and 52 control groups were included in the study. Insulin-controlled diabetes and diet-controlled diabetes were included in the GDM diagnoses. Fasting glucose and plasma lipid profiles measured in the first trimester, including TG, HDL-c, were noted and proportioned and evaluated by ROC analysis.Results Triglycerides (133 ± 40 mg/dL vs 100 ± 54 mg/dL), TyG index (15.0 ± 8.9 vs 8.8 ± 5.0), and TG/HDL-C ratio (3.3 ± 2.6 vs 1.9 ± 2.6) were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group (p = 0.01, p = 0.01, and p = 0.01, respectively). Mean newborn birth weight > 90. percentile was significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group, although preterm births were more common (p = 0.02). The optimal cut off value for TyG index was 10.4, sensitivity was 76% (95% CI; 55–90), specificity was 77% (95% CI; 62–86), positive likelihood ratio was 3.04 (95% CI; 1.81–5.11), negative likelihood ratio was 0.32 (95% CI; 0.16–0.65), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.765. Optimal cut off value for TG/HDL-C ratio was 2.3, sensitivity was 76% (95% CI; 55–91), specificity was 69% (95% CI; 55–81), positive likelihood ratio was 2.47 (95% CI; 1.55–3.93%), negative likelihood ratio was 0.35 (95% CI; 0.17–0.71), and AUC was 0.697.Conclusions TyG and TG/HDL-C ratio measured in the first trimester are thought to predict GDM better than fasting plasma glucose.
Intelligent auxiliary design of subway station building space based on deep learning
Authors: An Jiang , zhang jiuhong , Ma Mingxiao , Wu Yuying
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to study the generation of spatial function layout of subway stations assisted by deep learning, and train the point cloud data of subway stations based on the Pointnet + + model in deep learning. The point cloud data of subway stations comes from the subway station data of large and medium-sized cities collected and processed by the author. After training and verification, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) It has been verified that the spatial deep learning of buildings in the form of point clouds is highly feasible, and the point cloud format of the architectural space model is fully compatible under the Pointnet + + model. (2) Verified the effectiveness of Pointnet + + for semantic segmentation and prediction of subway station cloud information. The results show that the predicted data has 60%+MIOU (MeanIoU average intersection and union ratio) and 75%+Acc (Accuracy). This paper uses an interdisciplinary research method to combine deep learning of 3D point cloud data with architectural design, breaking through the current situation of using 2D images as research objects, and avoiding the application of "deep learning" to 2D images. Objects cannot accurately describe the limitations of 3D space, providing architects with more intuitive and diverse design assistance.
Are Motor Imagery Ability scores related to cortical activity during gait imagery?
Authors: Putzolu Martina , Samogin Jessica , Bonassi Gaia , Cosentino Carola , Mezzarobba Susanna , Botta Alessandro , Avanzino Laura , Mantini Dante , Vato Alessandro , Pelosin Elisa
Published: April 2023

Motor imagery (MI) is the mental execution of actions without overt movements that depends on the ability to imagine. We explored whether this ability could be related to the cortical activity of the brain areas involved in the MI network. To this goal, brain activity was recorded using high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) in nineteen healthy adults while visually imagining walking on a straight path. We extracted Event-Related Desynchronizations (ERDs) in the β band, and we measured MI ability via (i) the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ), (ii) the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 (VMIQ), and (iii) the Imagery Ability (IA) score. We then used Pearson's and Spearman's coefficients to correlate MI ability scores and average ERD power (avgERD). VMIQ was positively correlated with avgERD of frontal and cingulate areas, whereas IA SCORE was positively correlated with avgERD of left inferior frontal and superior temporal regions. Stronger activation of the MI network was related to better scores of MI ability evaluations, supporting the importance of testing MI ability during MI protocols. This result will help to understand MI mechanisms and develop personalized MI treatments for patients with neurological dysfunctions.
Causal relationship between Physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and hip/keen osteoarthritis risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Shen , yang yubiao , Song Yuxuan , ma pengyi , Han Mingyuan , Hao Dingyu , Ma Boyuan , Zhou Xianhu
Published: April 2023

Objective: We used Mendelian randomization to examine the causal effects of physical activity (PA) and leisure sedentary behaviour (LSB) on the risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis (KOA/HOA).
Methods: We used large-scale datasets of PA (N=377,000) and LSB (N=422,218) as exposures, and KOA (N=403,124), HOA (N=398,873), and KOA and/or HOA (N=417,596) as outcomes. We applied inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median methods to estimate causal effects. The validity of the instrumental variables was assessed using Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO test. We performed leave-one-out analysis and funnel plot to examine the influence of individual variants and potential publication bias. We also conducted risk factor analyses to explore possible mediators.
Results: The genetic prediction of PA increased the risk of KOA (OR: 1.29; P: 0.02). Television viewing raised the risk of KOA (OR: 1.34; P: 5.30e-5) and HOA (OR: 1.66; P: 1.77e-15). However, computer use lowered the risk of KOA (OR: 0.80; P: 0.01) and KOA and/or HOA (OR: 0.83; P: 0.01). No effect of PA, fraction of accelerations >425 milli-gravities and driving on KOA/HOA was observed. Risk factor analysis indicated that multiple risk factors may mediate the above causal relationships.
Radical resection of advanced tongue cancer and one-stage total tongue reconstruction
Authors: Hu Bin-Tao , Wang Xu , Sun Rong-Hao , Cai Yong-Chong , Li Chao
Published: April 2023

Background:The dysfunction of the tongue caused after total tongue resection is a major challenge for surgeons.The purpose of this study was to explore the functional recovery and survival of patients after radical resection of advanced tongue cancer and one-stage total tongue reconstruction with laryngeal preservation.
Methods:Twelve cases of tongue reconstruction with pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMF) flap or anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap from 2012 to 2020 were analyzed. The speech function, tongue flexibility, deglutition, and patient satisfaction with the donor appearance were evaluated at 3 and 6 months after operation.The survival status was recorded at 1,3, and 5 years after surgery.
Results:There were 7 males and 5 females, with an average of 48.75 years. 5 cases with (PMMF) flap , and 7 cases with (ALT) flap ,the overall flap survival rate was 100% (12 / 12). Postoperative tracheal tube removal rate was 100%(12 / 12).9 cases had a history of secondary or even multiple surgeries or chemoradiotherapy,8 cases concomitanted adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after surgery.Pathological types included:10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma , 1 case of sarcomatoid carcinoma(SC) and 1 case of adenoid cystic carcinoma（ACC）. At 6 months after surgery, 3 (27.2%) of 11 patients (1 dead at 4 months) had normal language, 4 (36.4%) had near-normal language, and 4 (36.4%) had vague speech. In addition, 3 (27.2%) patients had a normal diet, 1 (9.1%) patient had a soft diet, 6 (54.5%) patients had a liquid diet, and 1 (9.1%) patient still required tube feeding. Six months after the operation, the tongue was basically in a fixed state, and the range of motion of the tongue did not improve significantly(P=0.217). The patients' satisfaction with the recovery of the donor site was (10/11) 90.9%.Compared with three months after surgery,the articulation of speech（P=0.024）, swallowing, chewing and eating （P=0.033）were significantly improved at six months after surgery . The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 66.66%, 33.33% and 25.0%, respectively.
Conclusion:Total glossectomy is most often used as salvage therapy in patients with stage IV primary cancer or in recurrent cases.Reconstruction after total glossectomy using larger tissue flaps such as ALT or PMMF flaps has acceptable risk of complications and affords most patients the potential for intelligible speech and tube-feed-free nutrition with improved quality of life and reasonable long-term survival.
Gender differences in prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in first-treatment and drug-naïve schizophrenia patients
Authors: Zeng Kuan , Wang Shuo , Zhang Lin , Zhang Yanting , Ma Jun
Published: April 2023

Background: Metabolic syndromes (MetS) are clinical syndromes involving multiple pathological states with distinct gender differences clinical patterns. As a serious psychiatric disorder, the prevalence of MetS is significantly higher in this subgroup of the population with schizophrenia (Sch). The aim of this paper is to report gender differences in the prevalence, associated factors and severity-related factors of MetS in first-treatment and drug-naïve (FTDN) Sch patients.
Methods: A total of 668 patients with FTDN Sch were included in this study. Demographic and general clinical information on the included population was collected and the severity of their psychopathology was assessed.
Results: In the target group, the prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in women (13.44%, 57/424) than in men (6.56%, 16/244). In the males, waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and triglycerides (TG) were risk factors for the diagnosis of MetS. While, systolic blood pressure (SBP), TG, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and platelet (PLT) were risk factors for the females. More importantly, we found that age, LDL-C, Positive and Negative Symptom Scales (PANSS) scores and blood creatinine (CRE) were risk factors for higher MetS scores, while onset age and hemoglobin (HGB) were protective factors.
Conclusion: There are gender differences in the prevalence of MetS in FTDN Sch patients, with a higher prevalence in women. Factors influencing MetS and its severity differ extensively between male and female patients. Targeted management strategies should be differentiated for patients of different genders in clinical practice.
Quality Assessment of Matching Single-Cone Obturation in Canals Shaped with Different NiTi Systems: A Micro-CT Study
Authors: Öztürk Ayşenur , Haznedaroğlu Faruk , Basmacı Gülsüm Kutlu
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to evaluate the compatibility of single-cone filling technique in reciprocal and rotationally formed canals in using Micro-CT (Micro-computed tomography).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mesiolingual and mesiobuccal canals of the mesial roots of 30 mandibular molars were used for this study, concluding 60 root canals. The samples were split into two groups, 30 of which were shaped with the HyFlex EDM system and 30 with the WaveOne Gold system. In both groups, one of the canals of the shaped roots was filled with the lateral compaction and the other with a matched single-cone technique with a bioceramic-based root canal sealer, BioRoot RCS. The percentage of voids in the canal were evaluated by micro-CT radiograph before and after obturation.
RESULTS: Regardless of the kinematics used, the single-cone technique left significantly fewer voids than the lateral compaction. In the regional analysis, the groups filled with the single-cone technique had significantly better results than the lateral compaction group in the middle and coronal thirds. In the kinematics comparison, the group shaped with the reciprocal WaveOne Gold system and filled with the single-cone system had the best results.
CONCLUSIONS: The reciprocal nickel-titanium (NiTi) system is more effective shaping method than the rotational NiTi system. The matching single-cone technique had significantly better results than the lateral compaction technique. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: According to results of this study, matching single-cone technique has more successful results than the lateral compaction.
Design of a wearable, flexible Microstrip patch antenna for the detection of breast cancer
Authors: S Julius Fusic , T Sugumari , R Sitharthan
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the breast tissue. Breast cancer can originate from various parts of the breast, and methods such as Breast ultrasound, Diagnostic mammogram, Breast magnetic resonance imaging, and Biopsy are currently used for its diagnosis. However, these methods have certain limitations, and their size can be a hindrance. To overcome this, low-power, flexible antennas can be designed for bio-communication between medical equipment and external instrumentation. Flexible and wearable antennas have advantages such as affordability, ease of fabrication, and high gain. In this article, a microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45GHz and made of polyamide material is designed using HFSS software. The simulation results show the patch antenna has a gain of 1dB, -14.81dB return loss at 2.45GHz based on |S11|≤ - 10dB. The directive radiation pattern with axial ratio of 63.39dB and VSWR ≤ 3. Furthermore, the hardware development of proposed antenna with polyamide substrate provides the resonance frequency nearing to simulation results as 2.318GHz with return loss of -28.19dB. Based on mathematical analysis, simulation and hardware results, the proposed antenna is a superior option for breast cancer detection.
Structure Activity relationship and Computational Study Mediated Insights on the EGFR Inhibition of Epigallocatechin gallate Against Lung Cancer
Authors: Kumar Amit , Tiwari Abhishek , Tiwari Varsha , Verma Navneet
Published: April 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Impact of Paternal Age on Cumulative Assisted Reproductive Technologies Outcomes
Authors: Farabet Clemence , Pirtea Paul , PhrD Achraf Benammar , Ziegler Dominique , Marchiori Claire , Vallée Alexandre , Ayoubi Jean-Marc
Published: April 2023

Objective: To investigate the impact of paternal age on cumulative live birth rate in ART
Design: Retrospective single center cohort study
Patient(s): All female patients 18-43 years old, and males 18-60 years old who performed their first ART cycle between January 2018 and December 2020 were included.
Intervention(s): N/A
Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcome, cumulative live birth rate (cLBR), was estimated following fresh or frozen embryo transfers issued from an ART cycle. Secondary outcomes included: cumulative pregnancy rate (cPR), miscarriage rate. subgroups analyses were performed, as follows: males <45 and ³ 45; female <35,35-38, and >38 years.
Result(s): 2,358 couples were included. Male patients within both age groups had sperm quantity divided in 2 groups: normal and abnormal, that were found to be in significantly equal proportions. There was significantly more tobacco use in the male group ³45. cPR was 0.5301 in the group <45 and 0.3111 in the group ³45, p < 0.001. Analysis according to the female age, in the female group > 38: cLBR rate was 0.26 for male <45 and 0.19 for male ³45, p=0.061. Also, cPR was 0.34 in the male group <45 and 0.21 in the group ³45, p< 0.001. In the female group 35-38 cLBR was 0.44 in the male group <45 and 0.3 in the group ³45, p=0.031. cPR was 0.49 in the male group <45 and 0.34 in the group ³ 45, p=0.036. Within the female group <35, we observed non-significant results. Miscarriage rate results weren’t significantly different for women ≤38.
Conclusion: According to our result, male age ³45 has a significant impact on cumulative ART outcomes.
Impact statement: We report that male age ³45 has a significant impact on cumulative ART outcomes, an effect particularly pronounced in women over 38 years of age.
Geochemistry of apatites from pre–shield and post–shield basalts and their petrogenetic implications: A case study of the Naitoushan basalt and Heishigou dike in the Changbaishan Tianchi volcano, NE China
Authors: Xu Zhitao , Sun Liying , Ye Xiqing , Li Zhongwei , Ma Fei , Jia Lin
Published: April 2023

This study analyzes apatite via laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–MC–ICP–MS) and zircon via LA–ICP–MS to collect U–Pb geochronological data, alkaline feldspar and plagioclase via Rb–Sr isotope chronology and an apatite geochemistry archive for exposed Naitoushan basalt and Heishigou dike in the Changbaishan Tianchi volcano (CTV). These data are used to examine their petrogenesis and to determine the basaltic magmatism origin in CTV. The Naitoushan basalt and Heishigou dike were formed at 22.2–18.7 and 0.230–0.218 Ma, respectively. In situ oxide, volatiles, trace element geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes of apatite are provided for two samples. Most apatites occur as an early crystallizing phase forming inclusions in plagioclase and are euhedral or subhedral. They have higher MgO and K2O/Na2O concentrations with lower F and Cl concentrations, Ba, Sr, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, K, and Ti depletions, and Th, U, Ce, Pb, P, and Nd enrichments. All apatite samples have enrichment in light rare earth elements (REEs) relative to heavy REEs and relatively homogeneous ratios of Th/U, Zr/Hf, La/Sm, Nd/Tb and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions; thus, their host magmas potentially have the same magmatic origin as oceanic island basalt. The La, Yb, and U contents, the Eu/Eu* and La/Yb values, and the high REE contents in the apatites show a weak crystallization sequence in mafic magma. Combined with previous whole-rock geochemical data, apatite trace element and REE patterns and compositional variations in the rocks are controlled by the crystallization of olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, and cocrystallizing accessory minerals. This study demonstrates that the pre–shield and post–shield mafic magmas in the CTV were likely derived from an enriched mantle source with a signature of enriched mantle I-type.
Facilitating culturally affirming research experiences for undergraduate Pacific Islander students
Authors: Irish Tobias , Genz Joseph H. , Storie Monique
Published: April 2023

This study addresses issues related to the underrepresentation and lack of persistence of Pacific Islanders in STEM fields by using, as a case study, the experience of 12 undergraduate researchers, each of Pacific Islander descent and upbringing, who navigated their own engaged participation as apprentices in a STEM education research project. The student researchers, --following a traditional model of learning in the Pacific where youth apprentice themselves to their elders in a specialized field of knowledge--participated as members of a research team for the period of at least one full year and were involved in the development, implementation, and analysis of culturally responsive research protocols. Throughout the process, the apprentices produced personal narrative reflections on their own cultural identities and understandings and relayed their experience as apprentice researchers in the research project. The results indicate that as a result of their engagement in this apprenticeship model for undergraduate research experiences (URE), the student apprentices gained a deeper awareness of respect as a core value in engaging in culturally responsive research. It also caused them to reflect on the importance of their own ancestral roots, life experiences and cultural identities, including a deeper appreciation for how science is practiced in their home communities. Lastly, this apprenticeship URE model draws from traditional ways of learning in many Pacific Islander cultures and as a result, resonated with them culturally in that it reflected a particular way of learning they were familiar with. We argue that such insights can be used to better inform education programs and employers about the unique factors that influence Pacific Islanders and other Indigenous peoples so that they can provide opportunities that are seen as relevant and meaningful.
Rapid detection of residual chlorpyrifos and pyrimethanil on fruit surface by surface- enhanced Raman spectroscopy integrated with deep learning approach
Authors: Dong Xuan , Liu Chao , Dong Shanshan , Wang Shenghao , Huang Qing
Published: April 2023

Chlorpyrifos and pyrimethanil are widely used insecticides/fungicides in agriculture. The residual pesticides/fungicides remaining in fruits and vegetables may do harm to human health if they are taken without notice by the customers. Therefore, it is important to develop methods and tools for the rapid detection of pesticides/fungicides in fruits and vegetables, which are highly demanded in the current markets. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can achieve trace chemical detection, while it is still a challenge to apply SERS for the detection and identification of mixed pesticides/fungicides. In this work, we tried to combine SERS technique and deep learning spectral analysis for the determination of mixed chlorpyrifos and pyrimethanil on the surface of fruits including apples and strawberries. Especially, the multi-channel convolutional neural networks-gate recurrent unit (MC-CNN-GRU) classification model was used to extract sequence and spatial information in the spectra, so that the accuracy of the optimized classification model could reach 99% even when the mixture ratio of pesticide/fungicide varied considerably. This work therefore demonstrates an effective application of using SERS combined deep learning approach to rapid detection and identification of different mixed pesticides in agricultural products.
Integrative analysis reveals an enhancer based prognostic risk model for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Weiguo , Ke Yizhong , Cheng Yunzhang , Liu Xiyu , Jin Mingming , Huang Gang
Published: April 2023

The study used integratively analyzed methylation data and expression data on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). From the methylation data, we obtained 19,784 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and studied the distribution of these DMPs. The DMPs were enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, we focused on the 6089 DMPs of enhancers, which accounted for a relatively large proportion. We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify NSCLC related genes from the DMPs of enhancers. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and Cox regression algorithms were used to identify characteristic genes and construct a prognostic risk model based on the expression data. The prognostic risk model areas under the curve (AUC) of 3-, 5-, and 10-year time-dependent receiver operating curves (ROC) were all higher than 0.7 in both the training set and validation set, and the prognostic risk model had higher predictive capacity than other clinical variables. Finally, we plotted a nomograph for 3, 5, and 10 years. In conclusion, the prognostic risk model had high predictive capacity for long term overall survival (OS) of patients with NSCLC.
Evaluating basalt weathering for organic-inorganic ‘double carbon’ stabilization of the soil priming effect
Authors: Xu Junyan , Liu Junli , Fu Qinglin , Zhang Ming , Guo Bin , Li Hua , Qiu Gaoyang
Published: April 2023

AimsBasalt weathering has the potential to absorb soil CO2emission and stabilize the organic carbon by its weathering products, e.g. montmorillonite and kaolinite. However, the feasibility of basalt weathering on organic-inorganic ‘double carbon’ stabilization of soil priming effect (PE) remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a 28-d incubation experiment by adding13C-glucose with or without basalt, montmorillonite or kaolinite to a farmland soil planted with peach (Prunus persica(L.) Batsch) for more than 20 years. CO2emission and its13C value were continuously measured to calculate the PE and soil net carbon balance.ResultsAfter 28-d incubation, the basalt treatment resulted in an increase in soil pH from 5.32 to 7.17. Additionally, compared to the control, the basalt treatment showed a 143.7% and 168.6% increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC), respectively. Subsequently, the basalt treatment induced the highest cumulative PE among all treatments, with the activities of β-glucosidase (S-β-GC), soil leucine amino peptidase (S-LAP), and soil catalase (S-CAT) being the highest. Furthermore, the kaolinite treatment showed significantly lower emissions of CO2-C, glucose mineralization, and cumulative PE (P< 0.05). It is worth noting that all treatments significantly enhanced the net soil net carbon balance, with the most significant improvement observed in the kaolinite treatment.ConclusionsBasalt and its weathering products can promote the organic-inorganic ‘double carbon’ stabilization in the PE. Basalt, in particular, has the most significant effect on SIC stabilization, while kaolinite has the highest potential for improving the soil net carbon balance.
Effectiveness of aerosol therapy on prevention and treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications of gastric cancer: a cross-sectional study based on a patients’ registry
Authors: Bai Dan , Zhao Lin-Yong , Xiang Wen , Zhang Wei-Han , Chen Xin-Zu , Hu Jian-Kun
Published: April 2023

Purpose
Postoperative aerosol therapy is a common clinical intervention after general anesthesia that is aimed at preventing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). However, few studies have evaluated its effectiveness. We evaluated the effectiveness of aerosol therapy on the prevention and treatment of PPCs in gastric cancer patients.
Methods
This cross-sectional study (consecutive case series) was based on the surgical gastric cancer patient registry at West China Hospital. The included cases were retrospectively evaluated.
Between January 2016 and December 2018, 1087 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, and who had been subjected to radical surgery were enrolled in this study. These patients were assigned into two groups, the prophylactic aerosol group and the non-prophylactic aerosol group. Risk factors and intervention measures for PPCs were compared.
Among the 1087 patients, a total of 235 patients with PPCs and who had not received prophylactic aerosol therapy were enrolled in the therapeutic aerosol therapy subgroup. We determined whether therapeutic aerosol therapy could improve perioperative outcomes for gastric cancer patients with PPCs.
Results
There were no differences in PPCs incidences between gastric cancer patients administered with prophylactic aerosol (37.5%) and those without prophylactic aerosol administration (39.4%) (p = 0.510). Univariate analysis revealed that prophylactic aerosol therapy was not a protective against PPCs after gastric cancer surgery (p = 0.510). Multivariate analysis showed that there was no correlation between prophylactic aerosol therapy and PPCs (p = 0.894).
Conclusions
Postoperative aerosol therapy was not effective in the prevention or control of PPCs in gastric cancer patients.