bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Competency-Based Instruction in the Challenging Era: A Case Study of French for Airline Ground Services
Authors: CHITKLA Kantaphong
Published: August 2023

In this decade, the world faces to several challenges such as economic volatility and transformation of work styles and lifestyle changed at the moment.  It is undeniable that the travel by plane is in high demand before and after Covid-19. The airport ground services need competent personnel. The teaching of French at the university does not neglect these situations. French Program of Khon Kaen University created the French for Airline Ground Service course in 2011. Nowadays, this course opens its doors to accommodate 80 percent of the 3rd year of French major. It is interesting to study the development of the course and analyze the teaching and learning methods. This research was based on the action-oriented approach to pedagogy and teaching on the basis of competence. The results show that this course offers learners French at the B1+ level of CEFR and the basic skills for the airport ground staff in relation to the Rome N2201 of the Pôle Emploi of French Republic. In terms of learning activities, learners follow the Interaction Mode of Instruction to acquire life and career skills. Moreover, the software applications on flight preparation: Flightradar24 and Windy are used in the learning activities. This brings the learners to practice digital language and technology. Nevertheless, this research lacks the satisfaction of the airline entrepreneurs
Sistem Pakar Konsultasi Penyakit Kulit Dengan Metode Forward Chaining Pada Klinik Medika
Authors: Dharmalau Andy , Sari Jamah , Ningtyas Septiana , Hiswara Indra
Published: August 2023

Expert systems have information gained through a combination of readings, training, and practical experience. As a result, professionals can make faster and more accurate decisions while tackling complicated situations than non-experts. Klinik Medika is a health-care organization that focuses on public health, particularly skin health issues. This clinic's services to patients for consultation and treatment need to be improved in terms of service time efficiency. For this reason, an expert system is required so that patients can consult online rather than visiting the clinic.The goal of this research is to apply Forward Chaining method to create an expert system that can be used to consult on various skin conditions. Based on the results of the tests, the expert system can correctly diagnose the signs of skin disorders with a 90% accuracy. The system can also accept errors caused by differences in knowledge based on computational data and the experience of skin disease experts.
Application of K-Mean in Clustering Mapping of Underprivileged Communities
Authors: Prabowo Iwan Ady , Siswanti Sri , Wulandari Lilis
Published: August 2023

Jatiyoso is one of 17 sub-districts in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. Through this sub-district office, residents can take care of various forms of permits. There are many other functions and duties of the subdistrict office. The distance from the county seat is 30.0 km to the south. Jatiyoso is divided into 9 village areas, namely, Jatisawit, Jatiyoso, Karangsari, Petung, Tlobo, Wonokeling, Wonorejo, and Wukirsawit. With the total population of Jatiyoso District is 40,709 people. With a large population, and also a large amount of poverty. To help reduce poverty in Jatiyoso District, Jatiyoso District, an information system is needed that can explain the mapping of poverty areas in Jatiyoso Village. This information system is expected to assist the government in distributing aid to the poor. K-Means method was applied in this study to overcome the problem of grouping poor families by category.  According to the findings of study, there were 23 groups of persons with low assets (C1) and four groups of people with substantial assets (C2). The findings of the feasibility testing process with the User Acceptance Test (UAT) respondents agreed (average 95%) that the application of mapping the clustering of poor people using the k-means method can help officers in mapping the poor and facilitate the distribution of aid to the poor in Jatiyoso village
Comparison of Response Time Database RDBMS with NoSQL on Electronic Medical Records (EMR)
Authors: Apriliyanto Erwin
Published: August 2023

The electronic medical record is a system for storing and managing patient medical data in electronic form. EMR replaces traditional medical record systems that still use paper, allowing doctors and other medical personnel to access patient medical records more quickly and easily from anywhere, as long as they are connected to the same network. In the EMR, patient medical data is stored in electronic format, such as text, images, and test results. EMR allows doctors to create patient medical records, make drug prescriptions, place laboratory orders and radiology orders, and access other patient medical data in one centralized system. EMR can also enable doctors to perform data analysis to gain insight into a patient's health condition and improve the treatment provided. In this study, the ERM database is used, with one database using PostgreSQL and the other using NoSQL. The purpose of this research is to test the speed performance of PostgreSQL and NoSQL with insert, select, and delete commands. Testing Method Using 1,000 records, 5,000 records, and 10,000 records, with each record being tested three times, and then taking the average, The results of this study are that the NoSQL database insert command has a speed of 3,900 times faster than the PostgreSQL database with 1,000 data records, whereas with 5,000 data records the NoSQL database is 471 times faster, while with 10,000 data records the NoSQL database is 355 times faster, and the select command for 1 NoSQL database table is 8 times faster than the PostgreSQL database, while for the above 1 PostgreSQL database table is faster.
Cosmology and the Biological Model in Lucretius: Expressing the Unity of the World
Authors: Joncheray Anne Claire
Published: August 2023

The present article tackles the issue of the unity and cohesion of the world as it is evoked by Lucretius in theDe Rerum Natura. Through this work, we would like to show that the philosopher offers an original solution to this question by using a biological model: the organic unity. This model plays a dual role, both critical and descriptive. First, it replaces what Lucretius identifies as ‘false models’ of the union and cohesion of the world: the model of the world as living based on the theory of the soul of the world, the model of the world as divine, rested on demiurgic and providential theories and finally the model of the world as principle, elaborated from the thesis of the eternity of the world and its parts. Then, by evicting these three models of explanation and description of the cohesion of the parts of the world, based on a bad definition of the nature of the world, the Lucretian biological model proposes a re-description of the unity of the world which is compatible with the Epicurean cosmological theses of the plurality of worlds and of the mortality of the world.
GELENEKSEL HAVAYOLU FİRMALARININ PANDEMİ ÖNCESİ VE SONRASI ETKİNLİĞİNİN VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE ÖLÇÜLMESİ
Authors: KELEŞ Murat Kemal
Published: August 2023

Covid-19 pandemisi dünyada en çok, en büyük yolcu segmenti uluslararası trafik olan geleneksel havayolu firmalarını etkilemiştir. Pandemi nedeniyle sınırların kapanması geleneksel havayolu firmalarının yolcu sayılarını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılarak 2020 yolcu sayısına göre Avrupa’daki en büyük dokuz geleneksel havayolu firmasının pandemi öncesi ve sonrası dönemdeki performanslarını ortaya koymaktır. Bunun için, araştırmada 2019-2020 yılları arasındaki havacılık verilerinden yararlanılarak pandemi öncesi ve sonrası için havayolu firmalarının etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda girdi olarak; “arz edilen koltuk kilometre”, “çalışan sayısı” ve “uçak sayısı”, çıktı olarak ise; “yolcu sayısı” kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre hem pandemi öncesi hem de pandemi sonrasında Aegean Airlines havayolu firması tam etkin çıkmıştır.
İŞGAL SÜRECİNDE KARABAĞ’DA İŞLENEN ULUSLARARASI SUÇLAR VE AZERBAYCAN’IN BÖLGEYİ YENİDEN İMAR STRATEJİSİ
Authors: ÖZDAŞLI Esme
Published: August 2023

Azerbaycan topraklarının yaklaşık olarak %20’sini işgal eden Ermenistan, sadece bir milyondan fazla insanın topraklarından ayrılmasına neden olmamış, aynı zamanda bölgenin tarihi, kültürel ve doğal dokusunu da tamamen yok etmiştir. Bu saldırılarla, Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukukun en önemli belgeleri arasında yer alan 1949 tarihli Cenevre Sözleşmeleri ve 1954 Lahey Silahlı Çatışma Halinde Kültürel Varlığın Korunması Sözleşmesi başta olmak üzere ilgili anlaşma ve sözleşmeler açıkça ihlal edilmiştir. Yapılan çevresel terör nedeniyle, endemik türlerin de yer aldığı çok sayıda bitki ekonomik beklentilerle yok edilmiş ve başka bir uluslararası hukuk ihlaline de imza atılarak bölgede yer alan 155 farklı türde maden ve yeraltı kaynağının önemli bir kısmı işletilmiş, hatta İran ve Fransa gibi ülkelere satılmıştır. Bununla birlikte başta Suriye ve Lübnan olmak üzere Ortadoğu’nun istikrasız bölgelerinden Ermeniler Karabağ’a yerleştirilerek bölgenin nüfus yapısı da değiştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. İşgalden kurtarılan toprakların neredeyse yüzde 99’u yok edilmiştir. Özellikle Türk-İslam tarihine ait tarihi ve dini eserlerin tahrip edilmesiyle bölgenin Azerbaycan ile manevi bağının kopartılması hedeflenmiştir. Neredeyse hiçbir binanın ayakta kalmadığı ve işgalden önce en fazla nüfusun yaşadığı Ağdam’ın Nazilerin İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Varşova’da yaptığı yıkıma benzetilmesinin nedeni de budur.
Systematic Literature Review: Resiliensi Matematis dan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis
Authors: Lutfiyana Lina , Pujiastuti Erni , Kharisudin Iqbal
Published: August 2023

Resiliensi matematis merupakan salah satu faktor untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Siswa yang mempunyai resiliensi matematis tidak mudah menyerah ketika dihadapkan pada suatu masalah. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk melaksanakan kajian literatur review tentang pengaruh resiliensi matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan mengidentifikasi atau meninjau semua artikel dalam penelitian ini dengan topik penelitian yang sama. Artikel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional. Hasil penelitian memperoleh: (1) upaya dalam mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dan resiliensi matematis; (2) pengaruh resiliensi matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis; (3) bentuk pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dan resiliensi matematis.
Role of Customer's Trust Moderation: E-Service Quality towards Repurchase Intention on Netflix VOD
Authors: Arvianti Rissa , Mulyaningsih Hendrati Dwi , Nughara Yudha Dwi , Oktini Dede R
Published: August 2023

This research raises issues related to the decline in Netflix users. It can be seen that customers are less interested in re-subscribing to Netflix. In fact, this is because there are several gaps that occur in the quality of the Netflix e-service. The poor quality of electronic services also has a moderate impact on the confidence of consumers who have less trust in the Netflix service. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between e-service quality and repurchase intention and the role of customer trust as a moderating variable on Netflix Video-on-Demand. The method used for this research is survey method with questionnaire instrument as the data collection technique. The object of this research are 260 Netflix users that domiciled in Bandung, which was filtered into 200 users based on sampling criteria. Sampling technique in this research is using purposive sampling. There are two hypotheses in this research. To test these hypotheses, the technique used are regression analysis and MRA (Moderated Regression Analysis). The result of this research showed that there is positive and significant influence from e-service quality towards repurchase intention on Netflix Video-on-Demand. Next, customer's trust strengthens the relationship between e-service quality towards repurchase intention on Netflix Video-on-Demand.
Kur’ân Bağlamında Niyâzî-i Mısrî Şiirinde Can ve Ruh Algısı
Authors: YILDIRIM Eyüp , SELÇUK Bahir
Published: August 2023

Zihinde ve yaşamda iz bırakma özellikleriyle insanların ve toplumların temel dinamiklerinin başında gelen kelimeler, bilgi başta olmak üzere insanın duygu ve düşüncelerini taşıyarak insanın kimliğini inşa eder. İnsan, eşyaya isim koyma yeteneğini kelimeler üzerinden gerçekleştirir. Kelimelere yüklenen anlam, kelimelerin ruhunu oluşturur. Kelimelerin ruhu, insanların ve toplumların kimliğine sirâyet eder. Can ve ruh, gündelik yaşamda insanlar tarafından çok kullanılmakla birlikte çoğu zaman birbirinin yerine kullanılan kelime veya kavramlardandır. Bu kavramların birbirinin yerine sıkça kullanılıyor olması, bu konuda bariz bir kafa karışıklığı olduğuna işaret eder. Ancak Kur'ân merkezli bir okuma gerçekleştirildiğinde her iki kavramın da birbirinden farklı bağlam ve anlamlarda kullanıldığı görülecektir. Niyâzî-i Mısrî 17. yüzyılın önemli mutasavvıf şairlerinden olup şiirini tasavvuf ekseninde kaleme almıştır. Mısrî, can ve ruh kavramlarını birbirinin yerine kullanmakla birlikte sufi gelenek çerçevesinde ruhu bitkisel, hayvanî ve aklî ruh gibi farklı kategorizasyonlar doğrultusunda sınıflandırmalara ayırır. Fakat Mısrî, şiirlerinde ruhun işlevselliğini ön plana çıkarır. Bu çalışmada önce Kur'ân'ın can ve ruh kavramlarına nasıl yaklaştığına daha sonra tasavvuf şiirinin önemli temsilcilerinden Niyâzî Mısrî'nin can ve ruh algısı, şiirleri üzerinden ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır. Böylece Kur'ân'ın yaklaşımıyla Niyâzî-i Mısrî'nin algısının örtüşüp örtüşmediğine ve bu algının günümüzdeki yansımalarına ışık tutulacaktır.
Pterional Approach: Technical Variations, Functional, and Cosmetic Outcome in a Series of 1000 Patients
Authors: Luzzi Sabino , Giotta Lucifero Alice , Baldoncini Matías , Campero Alvaro , Elbabaa Samer K. , Galzio Renato
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION
Most of the versatility of the pterional approach depends on a series of variations progressively reported by several groups, but little emphasized over the years.
The present study condenses the technical notes which the authors adopted in their practice to maximize the surgical freedom of the pterional approach, at once lessening the approach-related complication rate.
METHODS
Data of a series of patients who underwent a pterional approach between January 2011 and May 2021 were retrospectively reviewed focusing on the technical variations compared to the original Yaşargil’s description. The anatomical rationale, technique, and advantages were outlined and validated through the appraisal of functional and cosmetic complications.   
RESULTS
994 patients were reviewed. Head extension was avoided in the case of anterior clinoidectomy. A single double-layered galea-pericranium flap was used for duraplasty. The submuscular technique, with compulsive preservation of deep temporal fascia and deep temporal arteries, was preferred for temporalis muscle dissection. McCarty keyhole was never used, thus avoiding exposing the orbit if unnecessary. Widening of the superior orbital fissure and thinning of the orbital roof allowed to significantly increase the working area. The average follow-up was 7.2 years. The overall rate of functional and cosmetic complications was 2.1.
DISCUSSION
In the authors' experience, the gradual adoption of technical variations related to the patient's positioning, soft tissue dissection, bony work, dura opening, and reconstruction allowed to enhance the versatility of the pterional approach concurrently decreasing the risk of functional and cosmetic complications.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN FASILITAS UMUM KOTA MAROS
Authors: Alkafi Farhat
Published: August 2023

Naskah ini merupakan tugas mata kuliah oerencanaan fasilitas umum yang dilakukan di Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Andi Djemma.
Pristification: Defining the convergent evolution of saws in sharks and rays (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii)
Authors: Greenfield Tyler
Published: August 2023

Saws are elongated rostra with enlarged denticles that are used for hunting and feeding. They convergently evolved in three groups of sharks and rays, the extinct sawskates and the extant sawsharks and sawfishes. Saws and saw-bearing fishes are briefly reviewed here, including their anatomy, ecology, and phylogeny. The term ‘pristification’ is proposed for this convergence and defined. It is an example of repeated, iso-convergent evolution and is the evolution of a structure without an associated bauplan.
Choice “under pressure”: Impulsive behavior and preference reversal of rats exposed to response-independent shocks.
Authors: Hurtado-Parrado Camilo , Segura Alejandro , Cifuentes Julian
Published: August 2023

Some research with human participants has shown that the choice of a smaller-sooner reinforcer (SS) over a larger-later reinforcer (LL) is more frequent in aversive than non-aversive contexts (e.g., presence versus absence of response-independent intense noise). Although there is evidence that this effect could be reproduced in rats (e.g., response-independent noise disrupts rats’ performance on schedules of reinforcement), no explicit attempt has been reported to date. The present study tested the generality of the disruptive effect of aversive contexts in rats’ impulsive choice. To emulate the procedures implemented with humans, response-independent (Random-Time 60s) mild-intensity footshocks (.25 mA) were incorporated into a systematic replication of Green and Estle’s (2003) task designed to study preference reversal phenomena (i.e., SS preference changes to LL with the addition of delays before both the SS and LL alternatives). In doing so, we explored the effects of an aversive context on preference reversal, which also have not been reported to date. Male Wistar rats (16) were exposed to three different conditions; eight of them experienced shocks throughout the study. During an initial delay configuration condition (SS = 0.5 s; LL = 6 s), responding of non-shocked rats showed an increase from indifference (~ 50% LL) towards preference for the LL option (~ 75% or higher LL responses), whereas responding of shocked rats did not deviate from indifference. Next, delays were added to the LL reinforcer until SS preference was individually established (+6s, +9s, +15s, etc.). The behavior of non-shocked rats seemed more affected by the added delays, e.g., they reached SS preference with less added delays. Preference-reversal conditions consisted of adding 5-s, 15-s, and 25-s delays to both SS and LL alternatives. Shocked rats showed a more robust and consistent preference reversal effect than non-shocked rats. Research on manipulations that reduce impulsive choice suggests that similar processes could explain the disruptive effects of aversive contexts and the effects of interventions; namely, aversiveness of delays and discrimination of contingent relations between temporally distant events. The results of the present study are discussed in that framework, focusing on covariations between rats’ choice patterns across the different delay configurations and the distribution of shocks pre- and post- reinforcement delivery.
Transitions in Motivational Profiles among Mid-life Adults in the Context of an RCT Designed to Increase Exercise Self-Regulation
Authors: Ruzella Reilly , Gilbert William , Luo Yan , Lin Xuan , Ryono Kelly K. , Thomas D. David , Taggart Adam , Phansikar Madhura , Kim Youngjoon , Morin Alexandre , Kramer Arthur F. , McAuley Edward , Mullen Sean Patrick
Published: August 2023

The association between cognitive training and exercise motivation remains unclear, particularly when the training is not explicitly focused on modifying goal content. Our study investigated the impact of such training on exercise-related decision-making skills among a sample of low-active adults (N = 233; Mage = 46.7 years) who completed the Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 (EMI2) at baseline and one-month follow-up. Latent profile analyses (LPA) were used to identify participants’ motivational profiles at each time point, and longitudinal tests of profile similarity and latent transition analyses (LTA) assessed the replicability of these profiles and the stability of participants’ profile membership over time. Our results revealed four profiles, which were replicated over time: Weakly Motivated, Moderately Motivated with Fitness Orientation, Moderately Motivated with Psychological Well-being Orientation, and Strongly Motivated. Membership to these profiles was not influenced by participants demographic characteristics, and only minimally by baseline Fitbit steps and cardiorespiratory fitness. The first two profiles displayed fewer months (over a period of 12 months post-intervention) meeting physical activity guidelines, whereas the latter two showed higher levels of adherence. The Strongly Motivated profile was the least stable but most influenced by the cognitive training intervention, whereas the Moderately Motivated with Fitness Orientation was more stable but similarly influenced by the intervention. These findings highlight the potential of a multimodal cognitive training in influencing exercise motivation and behavior, providing practical implications for tailoring interventions to specific motivational profiles. Future research should investigate the specific types of cognitive training most effective for enhancing exercise motivation and adherence.
Analysis of phytochemical constituent and biological significance of rhododendrons collected from capital of Laliguras, Laliguras municipality, Tehrathum district, Nepal
Authors: Subba Bimala , Baral Chahana Dhakal , Seling Tank Raj , Sharma Khagraj
Published: August 2023

The largest genus of the Ericaceae family, Rhododendron includes an inspiring number of species. Some of which have been used in the treatment of various ailments such as diseases associated with heart, dysentery, diarrhea, detoxification, fever, constipation, bronchitis and asthma around the world including Nepal. However, systematic study on phytochemistry and pharmacology of Rhododendrons grown in the Capital of Laliguras, Laliguras Municipality, Tehrathum of Nepal is lacking. So this study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibition activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Rhododendron arboretum and Rhododendron campanulatum from Laliguras Municipality, Tehrathum of Nepal.  Plant extracts were prepared in methanol by cold percolation method.  Phytochemical constituents were analyzed by following standard methods. Antioxidant activity was measured through 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated using Folin–Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride method respectively. Alpha amylase inhibition assay was carried out by starch iodine method. Phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of flower and leaf of R. arboretum and leaves of R. campanulatum displayed the presence of different chemical constituents such as flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, saponins and quinins. Samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging and α-amylase inhibition activity. Radical scavenging activity and α-amylase inhibition activity of the methanolic extracts of different parts of R. arboretum and R. campanulatum ranged from 19.46 to 95.88% and 13.23 to 68.44% respectively. Flower extracts of R. arboreum showing the strongest radical scavenging activity and α-amylase inhibition with IC50 values 33.61 and 443.44 μg/mL respectively. Among the tested samples, flower extract of R. arboretum showed the strongest antioxidant activity, alpha amylase inhibition activity and contained the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content.
Lampblack of soybean oil as a low-cost electrode material in supercapacitor application
Authors: Joshi Prakash , Lawaju Umesh , KC Anupam
Published: August 2023

Lampblack of soybean oil was investigated as a potential low-cost material to make electrodes of supercapacitors. The lampblack carbon was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The electrochemical performance of the lampblack carbon electrode was tested using a three-electrode system, where a platinum wire was used as a counter electrode, a carbon electrode as a working electrode, and Ag/AgCl electrode as a reference electrode. The experiments, Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) were performed in 3M aq. KOH. The specific capacitance of the lampblack carbon electrode from GCD was found to be 49.27 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. The lampblack carbon electrode showed good capacitive behavior at both low and high scan rates. The results indicated that lampblack carbon of soybean oil can be a new efficient alternative material for low-cost high-performance supercapacitors.
Assessment of an Autonomous Racing Controller: A Case Study From the Indy Autonomous Challenge ’ s Simulation Race
Authors: Kim Yangwoo , Cezares Jose , Decker Lance Nelson , Damnjanovic Ivan
Published: August 2023

The Indy Autonomous Challenge (IAC) was a competition among universities from around the world created to showcase fully autonomous operations under the extreme circumstances encountered in high-performance racing. The pinnacle of the virtual portion of the competition occurred on June 30,2021, during the IAC Simulation Race that consisted of a series of qualifying events followed by a head-to-head race. The objectives of this paper are to present a team’s controller and demonstrate its performance throughout the IAC until the final simulation race. The results presented in this paper were obtained by testing the team’s controller within a simulated environment. The final controller is capable of sustaining speeds of nearly 300 kph (186 mph) with an average speed of 280 kph(174 mph) and a maximum speed of 298 kph (185 mph). The final steering proportional-integral-derivative controller yielded cross-track errors no more than 4.7 meters from the desired waypoint. Analysis of the simulated vehicle’s G-G diagram reveals that the vehicle could sustain operations while experiencing over 2.5 Gs of lateral force as it navigated the turns of the track, and there is evidence to suggest that future work can be performed to tap into the full potential of the tires’ grip capabilities.The results presented in this report are indicative that the race team’s controller can perform safe high-speed operations in the presence of seven additional script-controlled opponents within a simulated environment.
Consideraciones fisiopatológicas y clínico-terapéuticas de la bronquiolitis en la población pediátrica
Authors: Navas Gámez Daniela , Barrantes Solano María José , Arias Vargas Rebeca
Published: August 2023

La bronquiolitis es considerada una de las principales causas de ingresos hospitalarios en la población pediátrica alrededor del mundo, ya que esta es la una de las principales causas de patologías de las vías respiratorias inferiores. Se puede diagnosticar la patología observando al infante y a través de un estetoscopio auscultar los campos pulmonares; sin embargo, si el paciente presenta un cuadro más grave, es necesario realizar otras pruebas más específicas. Para su manejo, normalmente no se utilizan fármacos, sino que su tratamiento se basa principalmente en medidas de soporte. El pronóstico de esta patología es muy bueno y no suele asociar complicaciones graves para la salud.
Actualización sobre el manejo de la atresia esofágica neonatal
Authors: Marín Zúñiga Josué , Carvajal Barboza Fiorella , Montes de Oca Manrique Sauma
Published: August 2023

La atresia esofágica es una de las anomalías congénitas más comunes en la población pediátrica. Usualmente, está acompañada de fístula traqueoesofágica y se divide en cinco categorías, según la presencia o no de dicha fístula. El tipo más común es la atresia esofágica con fístula traqueoesofágica distal. Su diagnóstico puede realizarse tanto de forma prenatal, de acuerdo con los antecedentes obstétricos y los hallazgos del ultrasonido obstétrico, así como se puede hacer de forma postnatal, al sospecharlo por la clínica del paciente, quien va a presentar intolerancia a la alimentación y producción excesiva de secreciones orales. El diagnóstico se confirma con una radiografía de tórax que demuestre la imposibilidad de pasar una sonda nasogástrica a través del esófago. Su manejo es quirúrgico. A pesar de tener buen pronóstico, sus principales complicaciones son postquirúrgicas y a largo plazo. En esta revisión bibliográfica se evalúa la epidemiología, clasificación y diagnóstico de la atresia esofágica, con especial énfasis en las nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas y sus potenciales complicaciones a corto y largo plazo.
Investing in social and behavior change is cost-effective for improving malaria behaviors in Tanzania
Authors:   Breakthrough RESEARCH
Published: August 2023

The Breakthrough RESEARCH business case for investing in social and behavior change (SBC) for malaria modeled SBC cost-effectiveness of malaria SBC in Tanzania by combining evidence on the cost and effectiveness of SBC for malaria-related health behaviors with country-specific data on the current malaria context and an estimated five-year investment scenario based on national planning and implementation reports from the United States Agency for International Development and the Global Fund. This brief provides a summary of the findings.
Cost-effectiveness analysis comparing integrated and malaria-only social and behavior change programming in Nigeria: Midline analysis
Authors:   Avenir Health
Published: August 2023

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/Nigeria is working closely with the Nigerian government to improve the practice of priority health behaviors through the Breakthrough ACTION project. Breakthrough RESEARCH is leading an evaluation of Breakthrough ACTION’s program comparing the integrated social and behavior change (SBC) program (malaria, family planning, maternal and child health, and nutrition) in Kebbi and Sokoto states and vertical SBC program (malaria-only) in Zamfara state. While the first initial cost report covered the time frame from program initiation in April 2018 through December 2019, this midline report covers January 2020 through December 2021. This report examines four important areas: 1) program expenditures and cumulative expenditures during this time period; 2) COVID-19 related expenditures; 3) unit costs for SBC interventions; and 4) program impact in integrated Kebbi state from the baseline to midline behavioral sentinel surveillance (BSS) survey.
The Effect of Dehydroepiandrosterone on Ovarian Reserve in Ovarian Damage Caused by Methotrexate
Authors: Anğın Ali Doğukan , Çöğendez Ebru , Gün İsmet , Sakin Önder , Çıkman Muzaffer Seyhan , Başak Kayhan , Orçun Kaptanağası Asuman , Alan Yasemin , Alan Murat , Beyan Emrah
Published: August 2023

To determine the possible detrimental effects of multiple methotrexate doses has on the ovarian reserve and to determine the beneficial effects of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation. The rats (n:24) divided into three groups; Group 1: control group, Group 2: dehydroepiandrosterone and methotrexate group (6mg/kg dehydroepiandrosterone dissolved in 0.1 ml sesame seed oil subcutaneously for ten days and 1mg/kg intramuscular methotrexate at the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days) and Group 3: methotrexate group (1mg/kg intramuscular methotrexate at the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day). The groups compared in regards to their histopathological ovarian damage scores and AMH values. It established that multiple methotrexate applications had a considerable effect on reducing vascular congestion in the ovarian tissue. Both in groups 2 and 3 AMH values found to be significantly lower. When this decline in the ovarian reserve examined comparatively; while both the group 2 and 3 reported having a considerable and continuous reduction in the AMH levels correlative to the control group; the primordial, primary and total follicle counts shown to stay statistically the same in the group 2 (p
A comprehensive survey: prevention of female infertility by nutrition
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Tuğba
Published: August 2023

There is an important relationship between nutrition and infertility in women. Most diseases that cause infertility in women can be prevented and treated with proper nutrition. The present study aims to determine the role of nutrition in women's fertility. Samples of this study are all articles published in magazines, books, and theses from the Web Of Sciences, PubMed, Medline, Elsevier, and Google Scholar search engines with the keywords of "female infertility," "nutrition," "diet," "fertility outcomes," "folate," "iron," "omega-3 fatty acids", and "Vitamin." In the beginning, 1052 articles were found, and after reviewing the STROBE checklist, 38 articles were selected. After reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluation, 23 articles were included in the study. Various studies showed that proper nutrition improves women's ovulation parameters and pregnancy outcomes. The reviewed studies suggested a balance between protein and carbohydrates, consuming foods with a low glycemic index, high fiber diet, eating five meals a day, daily consumption of essential fatty acids such as omega 3 and 6, use of organic materials, low-fat proteins, complex carbohydrates, folic acid, antioxidants, vitamins, and foods that cause regular ovulation such as cod liver oil, licorice plant, five-finger plant, thistle, and cinnamon. The results of this comprehensive study indicate that proper nutrition through adequate consumption of micronutrients can positively impact women's fertility. These findings highlight the potential contribution of diet interventions to clinical practice for infertility prevention and management.
Is restrained eating behaviour associated with pre-pregnancy weight and weight-gain in gestational diabetes?
Authors: KÜÇÜKKASAP CÖMERT Tuğba , YILDIZ Elif , AKPINAR Funda , İSKENDER Cantekin
Published: August 2023

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between eating behaviors and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and body weight gain in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 34 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus and 50 nondiabetic women above the 28th week of pregnancy. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire was used to assess eating habits. A quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess food consumption.

Results: Individuals with gestational diabetes had significantly higher levels of restrained eating behavior scores (27.11±5.98 vs 20.32±6.84) compared to nondiabetic women (p
Granzymes expression patterns predict immunotherapy response and identify the heterogeneity of CD8+ T cell subsets
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Huibo , Wu Jie , Li Lan , Xu Bin , Song Qibin
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Recent studies illustrated the effects of granzymes (GZMs) gene alterations on immunotherapy response of cancer patients. Thus, we aimed to systematically analyze the expression and prognostic value of GZMs for immunotherapy in different cancers, and identified heterogeneity of the GZMs expression-based CD8+ T cell subsets. METHODS: First, we analyzed GZMs expression and prognostic value at pan-cancer level. Meanwhile, we established a GZMs score by using the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm to calculate the enrichment scores (ES) based on a gene set of five GZMs. The potential value of GZMs score for predicting survival and immunotherapy response was evaluated using the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and immunophenoscore (IPS) algorithm, and we validated it in immunotherapy cohorts. CellChat, scMetabolism, and SCENIC R packages were used for intercellular communication networks, quantifying metabolism activity, and regulatory network reconstruction, respectively. RESULTS: The GZMs score was significantly associated with IPS, TIDE score. Patients with high GZMs score tended to have higher objective response rates of immunotherapy in melanoma and urothelial carcinoma. GZMs expression-based CD8+ T cell subsets presented heterogeneity in functions, metabolism, intercellular communications, and the tissue-resident memory programs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The transcription factors RUNX3 and ETS1, which may regulate the expression of GZMs, was found to be positively correlated with the tissue-resident memory T cells-related marker genes. CONCLUSIONS: The higher GZMs score may indicate better response and overall survival (OS) outcome for immunotherapy in melanoma and urothelial carcinoma but worse OS in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The GZMs score is a potential prognostic biomarker of diverse cancers. RUNX3 and ETS1 may be the potential targets to regulate the infiltration of GZMs expression-based CD8+ T cell subsets and affect the tissue-resident memory programs in LUAD, which may affect the prognosis of LUAD patients and the response to immunotherapy.
Immunological function and prognostic value of lymphoid-specific helicase in liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fang Yuan , Tang Weiqiang , Zhao Dan , Zhang Xiaoli , Li Na , Yang Yang , Jin Li , Li Zhitao , Wei Benkai , Miao Yinglei , Zeng Zhong , Huang Hanfei
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS), a SNF2-like chromatin-remodeling enzyme, plays a key role in tumor progression via its DNA methylation function. However, the effects of HELLS on immune infiltration and prognosis in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) remain uncertain. METHODS: The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database was employed to explore the pan-cancer mRNA expression of HELLS and its correlation with immunity. GEPIA2 was used to verify the correlation between HELLS expression and survival. The role of HELLS in cancer was explored via gene set enrichment analysis (Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and the construction of gene-gene and protein-protein interaction networks (PPI). Additionally, correlations between DNA methylation, HELLS expression, and immune-related genes were explored in LIHC. HELLS expression in LIHC clinical samples was determined using qRT-PCR and western blotting. The effects of downregulated HELLS expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells was explored via transfection experiments in vitro. RESULTS: High HELLS mRNA expression was identified in several cancers and was significantly associated with poorer prognosis in LIHC. Furthermore, HELLS expression was positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune checkpoint genes in LIHC. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that DNA methylation of HELLS may be associated with the immune response. Results from the TCGA-LIHC dataset, clinical samples, and functional analysis indicated that HELLS contributed to tumor progression in LIHC. CONCLUSION: The study findings demonstrate that HELLS is an important factor in promoting LIHC malignancy and might serve as a potential biomarker for LIHC.
New challenges and opportunities for IT companies and (L)IS departments in managing student internships in the time of crisis
Authors: Jakopec Tomislav , Aparac-Jelušić Tatjana
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses the organization of students’ internship in new circumstances caused by COVID-19 pandemic. The focus of the research is on the IT companies in eastern part of Croatia and their perspective on how they managed students’ internship during and after the lockdown. Some of these IT companies successfully cooperate with the Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Osijek. Since 2015 the Department enrolls students in graduate study of Information Technology track. From that time students used to do their internship and later find employment in IT companies in the region. The well based cooperation with local IT companies was interrupted in 2020 by the COVID-19 lockdown and semi-lockdown. In such a situation, teachers and IT companies’ managers have been trying to find out the proper ways in which students could fulfill their tasks via online or hybrid mode. To learn more about the experience from the perspective of IT companies, we interviewed 18 of them. The paper points out the observed advantages and disadvantages as well as suggestions for setting a framework for future internship programs. Employers are thinking about continuing to perform online or hybrid internships, and it is clear to them that one of the answers is well defined and regulated model of internships in the online environment.
Towards an optimal competency framework for InterProfessional Informationists (IPI): A multiphased and mixed methods investigation into competency areas, elements, and framework structures
Authors: Tang Rong , Hu Zhan , Henry Nicole , Martin Elaine
Published: August 2023

In this mixed methods and multi-phased study, through a multi-round feedback and confirmation process, we established a meaningful approach to developing, revising, and finalizing a competency framework for InterProfessional Informationists (IPI). As an emerging profession, IPI has not yet been established as a formal educational program with a guiding framework. It is important both to the field of practice and to educational programming to develop a competency framework, specifically targeted to IPI, and has been informed/verified through current practice. Our process started with using the initial competency framework developed by Tang and Martin (2019) as the basis, and involved gathering comments from numerous stakeholders, including IPI students and working professionals from relevant communities ranging from health science librarians to library directors, informationists, and LIS scholars and educators. The finalized IPI framework features four levels, six competency areas, and 67 elements, with separate beginner and advanced levels for subject expertise and work practice/culture. By including a variety of voices, this comprehensive framework not only outlines relevant foundational knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs), but also accentuates timely cutting-edge skills and forward-looking elements required of InterProfessional Informationists.
Chapter 6. Constructivism as a Paradigm for Neuro-Symbolic Artficial Intelligence
Authors: Schmid Thomas
Published: August 2023

While neuro-inspired and symbolic artficial intelligence have for a long time been considered ideal complements, approaches to hybridize these concepts often lack an unifying grand theory. The way the philosophical concept of constructivism has been adapted for eductional purposes, however, provides a fruitful source of inspiration for this purpose. To this end, we have been developing a framework termed Constructivist Machine Learning, which applies constructivist learning principles and exploits meta data on the grounds of Stachowiak’s General Model Theory in order to bridge the gap between neuro-spired and symbolic approaches. In this chapter, we summarize our previous work in order to introduce the reader to the most important ideas and concepts.
Chapter 10. Connectionist Neuroarchitectures in Cognition and Consciousness Theory Based on Integrative (Synchronization) Mechanisms
Authors: Maurer Harald
Published: August 2023

The topic of this chapter are cognitive neuroarchitectures, which have been developed since the mid-eighties in connectionism as theoretical models to explain, based on empirical-experimental data, as neurophysiologically plausible as possible perceptual and linguistic performances of self-organizing neuronal networks in the human brain that are related to the binding problem. Thus, neurocognition can be viewed as organized by integrative (phase) synchronization mechanisms that orchestrate the flow of neurocognitive information in self-organizing networks with positive and/or negative feedback loops in subcortical and cortical areas of the brain. This dynamic perspective on cognition contributes significantly to bridging the gap between the discrete, abstract symbolic description of propositions in the mind and their continuous, numerical, and dynamic modeling in terms of cognitive neuroarchitectures in connectionism. This dynamic binding mechanism in connectionist cognitive neuroarchitectures thus has the advantage of enabling more accurate modeling of cognitive processes by conceptualizing these neuroarchitectures as nonlinear dynamical systems. This means that neurocognition is modeled using a neurodynamics in abstract n-dimensional phase spaces in the form of nonlinear vector fields or vector flows.
Beyond the binary: Sex and gender diversity in population projections
Authors: Darby Peta , Jeffreson Rachel
Published: August 2023

For many people, their gender is the same as their sex recorded at birth. For some, gender and sex recorded at birth may not align, or they may not fall exclusively into the binary categories of male or female. There is growing recognition of the need to have quality estimates and projections of the population in a context beyond binary sex and gender. However, there is currently little demographic literature on this topic and production of such data is limited. In this paper, we use the demographic equation as a framework to describe the implications of considering sex and gender diversity in the production of population projections. In doing so, we consider implications for base population estimates, births, deaths and migration. We also consider implications of acknowledging gender as a concept that can change over time. We outline existing Australian and international approaches to data collection and address implications for the formation of projection assumptions. We conclude by outlining possible future directions for forming population projections that consider sex and gender beyond the binary.
A polymetric approach for measuring brain activity and behavior: Considerations for gait, gaze and fNIRS measurements in a 10-m walking of elderly and young adults
Authors: Kayama Mizue , Nagai Takashi , Futagami Takao , Terasawa Koji
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: The actual changes in biological and physiological parameters during walking are little understood in multiple aspects. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to examine and link the disparate measures of motor, vision, and brain activity for elderly and young adults. METHOD: The participants were 15 elderly adults and 10 young adults. Accelerometry, eye tracking, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were used to evaluate the participants in a 10-m walking test. RESULT: The results for the elderly adults were 1) low variabilities of velocity and acceleration along the front-back and up-down axes, 2) a wider gaze range on the right-left axis than the young adults, 3) a high mean PFC activity, and 4) a larger number of high-relation pairs than the young adults for the correlation coefficients of both gait vs. gaze and gait vs. PFC activity. The variabilities of velocity and acceleration, gaze and PFC activity changes for the young adults were selective. CONCLUSION: Measuring 10-m walking in a polymetric approach may capture some indicators related to physical and cognitive difficulties such as frailty and dementia.