bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of malaria and comparative diagnostic performance of malaria rapid diagnostic test against microscopy in Nasarawa-west senatorial District, Nasarawa, Nigeria
Authors: Isaac Nyiayem Igbawua  , Yakubu Boyi Ngwai  , David Ishaleku  , Jibril Egwu Owuna
Published: January 2024

Malaria is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium species, and transmitted by the bite of an infected female anopheles mosquito. It remains a major public health challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa, a major cause of mortality and morbidity, especially in children and pregnant women. This study evaluated the prevalence of malaria and the comparative performance of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) against Microcopy, the gold standard. A total of 385 febrile consenting patients attending randomly selected health facilities in Nasarawa-West Senatorial District were recruited using simple random sampling technique. Malaria parasite tests were conducted using RDT and microscopy technique. Of the 385 samples tested, 115 (29.9%; 95% CI = 25.34 to 34.71%) were positive by microscopy and 103 (26.8%) were positive by RDT. The RDT had a sensitivity of 89.6% (95% CI = 82.48% to 94.49%), specificity of 100.00% (95% CI = 98.64% to 100.00%), Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 100.00% (95% CI = 96.48% to 100.00%); and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 95.8% (95% CI = 92.94% to 97.46%). The accuracy of the RDT was 96.88% (95% CI = 94.62 to 98.38%). Thus, the high diagnostic performance of SD Bioline indicates that it can be effectively used for the diagnosis of malaria. Microscopy however, was able to detect a higher number of positive malaria cases thus implying that microscopy remains a better diagnostic tool for malaria parasite detection than the RDTs.
Potentiation of a homeopathic medicine – Thuja – using mid-infrared rays
Authors: Umakanthan T  , Madhu Mathi  , Umadevi U
Published: January 2024

Clinical dose reduction is achieved through potentiation, which is the process used to manufacture homeopathic medicine with varying potencies. In this study, we used 2–6 µm mid-infrared wavelength radiation to further amplify commercially available homeopathic medicines, such as thuja (Thuja occidentalis), a medication frequently used for a variety of ailments. We invented an emitter called MIRGA (mid-infrared generating atomizer) for potentiation purpose. The benefits of mid-IR potentiation include a reduction of the clinical dose, host stress, and resource and cost savings. The effects of irradiation on Thuja in chemical bond alterations and configurations are proven here by scientific instrumentations.
Hubungan Status Pekerjaan Ibu Dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gamping II
Authors: Salsabila Rahma , Ismarwati Ismarwati
Published: January 2024

ASI eksklusif merupakan pemberian asupan yang pertama kali diberikan kepada seorang bayi yang baru saja lahir sampai dia berusia 6 bulan kehidupan, tanpa ada penambahan makanan dan hal lain yang diberikan. Ada berbagai faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan seorang ibu dalam melakukan pemberian ASI secara eksklusif, dan salah satu dari mereka adalah pekerjaan yang dijalani oleh ibu. Ibu menyusui yang sedang bekerja dan tidak bekerja akan memiliki perbedaan waktu serta cara dalam melakukan pemberian ASI pada anaknya. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengeksplorasi korelasi antara status pekerjaan dari ibu dan praktik dalam pemberian asupan berupa ASI yang dilakukan secara eksklusif di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gamping II. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses penelitian ini adalah analitik cross-sectional dengan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, melibatkan 55 responden. Sebanyak 36 responden (65,5%) dalam sampel tersebut tidak bekerja, dan 37 responden (67,3%) di antaranya memberikan asupan berupa ASI secara eksklusif. Hasil dari statistik memberikan penjelasan bahwa nilai p: 0,895 > α: 0,05, menyiratkan tidak terdapatnya hubungan yang signifikan antara status pekerjaan dari ibu dan praktik pemberian ASI secara eksklusif di Puskesmas Gamping II.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah di Kelas 7F SMPN 1 Tarik
Authors: Ardani Dyah Ayu Puspita
Published: January 2024

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kecakapan yang diinginkan pada kurikulum merdeka. Rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah karena pola pembelajaran yang masih konvensional. Salah satu upaya guru untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika melalui penerapan pembelajaran berbasis masalah di kelas 7F SMPN 1 Tarik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMPN 1 Tarik pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas 7F yang berjumlah 32 peserta didik, dengan 14 peserta didik laki-laki, dan 18 peserta didik perempuan. Penelitian tindakan kelas dilakukan melalui empat tahapan, yaitu identifikasi masalah, perencanaan (plan), pelaksanaan tindakan (do), refleksi (see), dimana penelitian ini akan berhenti jika tidak ada peserta didik yang berkategori kurang sekali. Hasil data yang diperoleh pada pra siklus terdapat 78% peserta didik yang kategori kurang sekali, pada siklus I terdapat 60% peserta didik kategori kurang sekali, pada siklus II terdapat 24% peserta didik kategori kurang sekali, dan pada siklus III terdapat 0% peserta didik kategori kurang sekali. Adanya pengurangan persentase pada peserta didik yang kategori kurang sekali menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kategori pada seluruh peserta didik. Hal tersebut berarti kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika meningkat.
Optimalisasi Pengenalan Desa Wisata Lalabata Oleh Mahasiswa Kkn-Tematik Universitas Bosowa
Authors: Jainuddin Jainuddin , Nasiruddin Fathimah Az Zahra , Paledung Solideo , Ramadhan Aulia
Published: January 2024

Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik (KKN-T) angakatan 54 Universitas Bosowa Makassar di desa Lalabata Kecamatan Tanete Rilau Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Sealatan dengan tema ”optimalisasi pengenalan wisata” merupakan kegiatan yang bertujuan memberikan pengalaman belajar kepada mahasiswa untuk hidup di tengah masyarakat di luar kampus, yang secara langsung bersama-sama masyarakat mengidentifikasi potensi dan menangani masalah sehingga diharapkan mampu mengembangkan potensi desa/daerah dan meramu solusi untuk masalah yang ada di desa. Metode penggalian masalah berupa observasi dan wawancara kepada perangkat desa dan masyarakat. Hasil menunjukkan adanya respon positif pemerintah desa serta partisipasi aktif masyarakat yang tinggi diantaranya mengikuti kegiatan perbaikan tempat wisata dan pembersihan tempat wisata.
Peran Kepala Madrasah serta Guru dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Mu'in Bahrul , Ahid Nur , Hamida Itsna Melani
Published: January 2024

Science and innovation are continuously created to keep up with the times and the progress of human thought. Increased knowledge and innovation moreover encouraged for the advancement of human life. Developing the curriculum is carried out as a proactive step to provide answers to challenges that have grown from the progress of the times. This study uses a literature search method on the use of subjective strategies and socio-historical approaches that focus on important data about curriculum development. A teacher plays an irreplaceable role in curriculum development. The teacher carries out two main tasks, namely the task of delivering subjects and tasks related to the administration of lessons. In addition to teachers who have a strategic role in improving PAI education programs, the head of the madrasa as the head of the institution also has a very important contribution. Madrasah heads have a strategic role and high obligations, including in terms of curriculum development.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF FASHION INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Authors: Bondarenko Svitlana
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION. Sustainable development and victory in competition in the conditions of globalization and international division of labor can be ensured by enterprises that manage the quality of business processes on a systematic basis, which makes it possible to produce high-quality, environmentally safe products in an ethical way.

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY is the further development of methodological, methodical and practical approaches to the management of the quality of business processes of a fashion industry enterprise in the context of its achieving sustainable development.

RESEARCH METHODS. The research used scientific methods of theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, structural-logical analysis, historical method.

RESULT. The high quality of products and services plays a decisive role in achieving sustainable development of the enterprise. The relationship between sustainable development and quality management at the evolution stages of enterprises and organizations is considered. Four stages have been identified, which correspond to organizational models, determined by a combination of the following features: closed – open system; rational – social thinking. The place of quality management and sustainable development in each organization’s model is determined. The quality chain reaction of  E. Deming was supplemented and expanded with additional links of ecological and social component and it was shown that high product quality leads to a positive economic, social and ecological effect, i.e. ensures the sustainable development of the enterprise. The special role of the ecological component of sustainable development is highlighted. In order to avoid and counteract environmental threats, enterprises carry out rational nature management measures and processes of ecologically balanced development. The indicators of environmental protection activities in Ukraine 2016–2020 were reviewed.

CONCLUSIONS. Sustainable development is the driver of quality management of business processes at the enterprise, which is confirmed by the logical chain of quality improvement influence on the economic, environmental and social components of sustainable development of the producer. The organization model in the period of open systems and social individual ensures comprehensive quality management and sustainable development of the enterprise. The quality management system of business processes at a fashion industry enterprise, which meets the requirements of the international standard ISO 9001: 2015, is a tool for realizing the goals of sustainable development of the enterprise.

KEYWORDS: sustainable development; quality; quality management; business process quality management system; E. Deming's chain; environmental protection activity.
Formulasi Krim Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Palmifolia (L.) Merr) dan Efektivitasnya terhadap Staphylococcusaureus
Authors: Hayati Rima , Vanira Jihan
Published: January 2024

Umbi bawang dayak berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri dan beberapa penelitian sudah membuktikan  ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak efektif terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan katagori daya hambat kuat. Pada penelitian ini ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim kemudian menguji efektivitas sediaan terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstraksi umbi bawang dayak dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Basis krim adalahvanishing cream yang dengan F0 (basis krim), F1 (ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak 1%) dan F2 (ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak 5%). Hasil uji karakteristik fisik sediaan menunjukkan ketiga formula homogen, tipe emulsi M/A, pH dalam rentang 7, nilai viskositas memenuhi syarat rentang 2000-50.000 cP dan daya sebar 4 - 5,7 cm. Berdasarkan uji efektivitas terhadap Staphylococcus aureusmenunjukkan rata-rata diameter zona hambat 3,9 ± 4,3 mm (F1), 11,33 ± 0,75 mm (F2), 12,83 ± 0,98 mm (krim Gentamisin).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak dapat diformulasi mejadi sediaan krim dan efektif terhadap Staphylococcus aureus.
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN SAMPO EKSTRAK DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) SEBAGAI ANTIKETOMBE TERHADAP JAMUR Candida albicans SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Lailiyah Munifatul , Andika Saputra Sony , Yudha Prasetyo Eko , Sri Lestrasi Dian
Published: January 2024

Ketombe merupakan suatu keadaan anomali pada kulit kepala dan salah satu penyebabnya ialah jamur Candida albicans. Daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) merupakan bahan alam yang mengandung senyawa antijamur, yaitu  flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi sediaan sampo antiketombe ekstrak daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi yakni 5%, 10% dan 15% dan menguji pengaruh peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak daun kersen pada sediaan sampo antiketombe terhadap aktivitas antijamur. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan sampo antiketombe yang memenuhi persyaratan seperti organoleptik, pH dan tinggi busa. Uji aktivitas antijamur dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran untuk mengetahui efektivitas antijamur dengan mengamati daerah hambatan. Analisis data mengunakan uji ANOVA dan uji post hoc LSD (α=0,05). Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh F3 dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun kersen 15% mempunyai aktivitas antijamur paling baik dibandingkan dengan F1 dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5% dan F2 dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10%.
A matemática utilizada no cotidiano do trabalhador rural: o cultivo de cheiro verde na agricultura familiar
Authors: Mesquita Marksuel Gonçalves de , Silva Iego Assis da , Fontenele Francisca Cláudia Fernandes
Published: January 2024

Este artigo descreve uma pesquisa de campo cujo objetivo principal foi analisar a relação entre a matemática e as práticas agrícolas utilizadas no cultivo de cheiro verde, de modo a evidenciar a presença da matemática no cotidiano dos agricultores. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foram utilizados como referência os conceitos da Etnomatemática, com base, principalmente, em estudos de Ubiratan D’Ambrosio. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de observação direta e de entrevistas com quatro agricultores, realizadas entre os meses de abril e junho de 2022, na região rural de Vidal, localizada no município de Reriutaba, no Estado do Ceará. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que a matemática é amplamente utilizada pelos agricultores na região de Vidal, especialmente no que diz respeito ao preparo da terra e ao plantio de cheiro verde. Os agricultores utilizam conceitos matemáticos como proporções, medidas e cálculos, para determinar a quantidade de sementes a serem plantadas, a distância entre as fileiras de plantio e a quantidade de fertilizante a ser aplicada na terra. Embora utilizem implicitamente esses conceitos, durante todo o processo de cultivo do cheiro verde, eles reconhecem apenas a matemática básica. Eles trabalham de forma intuitiva, sem a formalidade matemática, e isso não os impede de exercer as suas atividades diariamente. Dessa forma, percebe-se que existe uma matemática praticada, uma cultura desenvolvida para o cultivo de cheiro verde, uma prática Etnomatemática, cujos cálculos matemáticos são realizados com base em conhecimentos empíricos adquiridos ao longo do tempo, que são transmitidos de geração em geração.
Navigating the Cyber Threat Landscape: A Comprehensive Analysis of Attacks and Security in the Digital Age
Authors: Jony Akinul Islam , Hamim Sultanul Arifeen
Published: January 2024

In this contemporary digital age, cybersecurity stands as a crucial linchpin amid the expanding role of technology in our lives, encountering numerous challenges. This review addresses the imperative need for robust cybersecurity measures as malicious actors continually innovate methods to exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems, networks, and data. The exploration delves into the multifaceted realm of cybersecurity attacks, unveiling the evolving threat landscape and their profound implications. From cybercriminals utilizing phishing attacks to the covert tactics of malware and the disruptive potential of Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, including Phishing, Zero-Day Exploits, Man-in-the-Middle, and SQL Injection Attacks, the cybersecurity battleground is ever-expanding. The study systematically categorizes cyber threats, scrutinizes their distinctive characteristics, and elucidates the modus operandi of each attack type. Through a meticulous dissection of cybercriminal methods and motivations and a comprehensive evaluation of countermeasure efficacy, this review offers indispensable insights for securing our digital future in an era marked by escalating interconnectivity and technological dependence.
Antecedents of E-wallet Usage Intention: An Empirical Study
Authors: Dr Jobin Sahadevan
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, the importance of cashless transactions is increasing due to the advancement of technology, especially in the post-pandemic era. An e-wallet is an application that helps users make payments through a mobile device instead of cash. With the advent of e-wallets, people are shifting from using cash to cashless in the era of smartphone technology.  This study aims to explore the antecedent factors affecting the intention to use e-wallets as a payment mechanism among young adults in Kerala, India. The study was conducted by following an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and a Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Data were collected from 380 users of e-wallets, and the data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) following a two-step approach. The results of the path analysis showed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are the most significant predictors of usage intention for e-wallets, followed by perceived trust and perceived risk. It is also revealed that perceived security does not affect the usage intention of e-wallets. The results will help policymakers make strategic decisions considering customer perceptions of usage intentions.
What, Why, and How?
Authors: Frost Ellen
Published: January 2024

Independent religious publishers and Atla librarians gathered to share information about publishers’ e-book processes and practices. Publishers received questions from the Atla Collection Evaluation and Development Interest Group in advance. Each editor was given ten minutes to discuss current projects and e-book practices. In addition, the publisher representatives also discussed Amazon’s Kindle platform, along with library or seminary needs for e-books of older and out-of-print materials.
Eat, Play, Love
Authors: Rosser Chris , Rosser Heath
Published: January 2024

Gameful design empowers curators and creators for (in)formative instruction. For re-visioning and reinvigorating course building, gameful design offers a next-level move for transformative learning by creating (in)formational spaces where desire drives students to explore, overcome challenges, and earn rewards. Our own approach incorporates five elements: structure, story, aesthetic, play, and desire. This session introduces two exemplar courses that demonstrate robust philosophical, pedagogical, and playful thinking electrifying (in)formation via gameful design, emphasizing the value of non-required, desire-driven learning.
What About the Aqueduct?
Authors: Schmersal David , Sellan Yesan , Smith Daniel , Veldheer Kris
Published: January 2024

The Public Services Interest Group invited three panelists to respond to three broad questions pertaining to decolonizing theological libraries: What are you doing, what could/should we be doing, and what would you do (in an ideal theological library/seminary/school of theology)? In addressing these questions, the panelists discussed what decolonizing looks like in their respective contexts, collection development, collaboration with faculty, and desiderata for further change.
Best Practices for Virtual Library Services
Authors: Cucksey Elli , Ebertz Susan , Garrett Stephanie
Published: January 2024

Panelists Elli Cucksey from Trinity Lutheran Seminary at Capital University, Susan Ebertz from Wartburg Theological Seminary, and Stephanie Garrett from Catholic Distance University brought their experiences to the discussion of best practices for virtual library services. These three panelists represent three points on the spectrum between programs that are fully online to mostly residential (or commuting) programs struggling to deliver expected virtual library services. Each panelist shared strategies for the way they try to provide virtual services given their different contexts. A question-and-answer time at the end highlighted other best practices. This session was presented by members of Atla’s Small Libraries Interest Group (SLIG).
Changing Stages of Priestly Formation in Seminaries
Authors: Harty Kathy , Sweeney Stephen
Published: January 2024

The sixth edition of The Program for Priestly Formation (PPF6) is the governing document for Catholic seminary formation. This edition, based on the Ratio Fundamentalis (2016), is a major shift in how seminary formation is being conceived. Besides the PPF6 and the Ratio, Pope John Paul II’s influential post-synodal exhortation Pastores Dabo Vobis (I Will Give You Shepherds) is also examined. Focusing on the human aspects of formation, the PPF6 lays out a 7–10 year program of studies. While not downgrading the academic aspects of seminary education, the emphasis on forming a holistic, well-rounded priest configured to Christ is causing some upheaval in Catholic seminaries. This session examines the context of Catholic seminary formation, explores the foundational documents governing seminary formation, and presents two case examples of the real-world application of that discernment. The seminaries highlighted are St. John Vianney Theological Seminary in Denver and Sacred Heart Seminary and School of Theology in the Milwaukee area.
Supporting Incarcerated Seminary Students
Authors: Ostercamp Matt , Kuehn Evan , Pizarro Antonio
Published: January 2024

How can we provide access to theological scholarship for students in a maximum-security prison? This session will discuss how the North Park library supports seminary students in two different Illinois correctional institutions. We discuss the founding and history of the School of Restorative Arts, how Brandel Library built and managed remote prison collections, and how we support the research and writing of these students. We will then discuss future plans for SRA library services and questions for seminary libraries to consider as they plan to serve incarcerated students. Finally, Tony Pizarro will share from his experience and work within the SRA program and as the assistant director of North Park’s Writing Center.
The Possibility of Virtue Ethics in Information Literacy
Authors: Choe Ezra
Published: January 2024

Virtue ethics has recently enjoyed a resurgence in contemporary scholarship, especially concerning its practical and epistemic dimensions. Librarians have also been part of these recent conversations, especially in information literacy. For example, in his recent book Virtue Information Literacy: Flourishing in an Age of Information Anarchy, Wayne Bivens-Tatum underscores the need to cultivate intellectual virtues to navigate through the world of anarchy. Intellectual or epistemic virtues such as open-mindedness, intellectual humility, epistemic modesty, etc., are all necessary for information users to flourish in an age where information is readily available. While affirming the virtue ethics framework for information literacy, in this paper, I will present potential problems to the virtue ethics framework by calling into question the object of intellectual or epistemic virtues, namely consideration of truth. Librarians adopting the virtue ethics framework should consider the metatheoretical assumptions of the framework itself and understand the inherent challenges it poses, one of which is that virtues are goal oriented.
Григорий Гуркин: национальные образы мира
Authors: Щеброва Светлана
Published: January 2024

Анализируется творчество Григория Ивановича Гуркина (1870–1937), обучавшегося живописи у знаменитого русского пейзажиста Ивана Ивановича Шишкина (1832–1898). Жизнь Гуркина была посвящена изучению и открытию всему миру культуры и природы Горного Алтая и Сибири. Распределив его произведения в соответствии со временем их создания и тематикой, автор выявляет многочисленные камерные сюжеты, ставшие основой масштабных панорамных композиций. Национальные образы мира, запечатленные художником, актуальны в настоящее время, поскольку процессы глобализации, идущие в современном мире, приводят к усилению интереса к этнической культуре, традиционному быту и языку. Ценностные константы, такие как природа Горного Алтая, уважение к родному дому, труду, семье, языку, наконец, сам образ Чорос-Гуркина выступают в качестве механизмов, обеспечивающих этносу возможность действовать, служат основой формирования этнокультурной идентичности народов Республики Алтай и выбору ими дальнейшего пути развития. Книга может быть полезна в преподавании университетских курсов по искусству, семиотике, исторической культурологии, теории культуры, истории культур и цивилизаций, краеведении, музеологии. Предназначена для преподавателей, экскурсоводов, краеведов, аспирантов, студентов и всех интересующихся творчеством Григория Чорос-Гуркина.
Sovet Hakimiyyətinin İlk İllərində Azərbaycan Mətbuatinda Türkiyə Mövzusu (“Kommunist” Qazeti Qaynaqlarına Bir Baxış)
Authors: Ahmadov Namiq
Published: January 2024

Sovet dövrü Azərbaycan mətbuatında Türkiyə mövzusu ciddi maraq doğuran və populyarlıq qazanan mövzulardan olmuşdur. Təqdim edilən məqalədə də Sovet hökumətinin ilk illərində dövrün çox populyar mətbuat orqanlarında dərc edilən məqalə və xəbərlərdə türkçülüyə qarşı qısqançlıq meyllərinin olmasına baxmayaraq, Türkiyə və türkçülük haqqında yazıların ki-fayət qədər çox və əhatəli olması faktlarla təsdiq edilir. Eləcə də ölkənin baş mətbu orqanı olan “Kommunist” qəzetinin əlifba islahatının həyata keçirilməsində, Şərq xalqlarının və Türkoloji qurultayların informasiya-təbliğat işinin aparılmasında önəmli vasitə olması diqqətə çatdırılır. O da diqqətə çatdırılır ki, Elmlər Akademiyasının, ədəbi-bədii təşkilatların hələ formalaşmadığı illərdə redaksiya milli qüvvələri ətrafında toplayan mənəvi mərkəz rolunu oynamışdır. Amma bir məsələni də yaddan çıxarmaq olmazdı ki, qəzet, eləcə də “Kommunist” qəzeti orqanı olduğu rəhbər təşkilatın siyasətini yerinə yetirmək üçün təsis edilib və onun vəsaiti ilə nəşr olunurdu. Bununla belə qəzet milli təəssübkeşliyini unutmamış, coxsayli məqalələrdə milli dünyagörüşün qorunmasına çalışılmış və müntəzəm olaraq bunun cəzasını çəkmiş, ciddi tənqid və təqiblərə məruz qalmışdır. “Kommunist” qəzetində 1920-ci illərdə yer alan məqalələr Türkiyə-Sovet dostluğuna, Tür-kiyə ilə münasibətlərin gələcəyinə inam yaratmaqda idi. Təəssüf ki, sonralar məlum oldu ki, bunlar Türkiyəni kommunist yoluna gətirmək üçün Sovet dövlətinin daхili və хarici siyasətindən irəli gələn plan imiş. Təbii ki, bu plan baş tutmayanda repressiyalar başlandı və bu qəzetdən də yan keçmədi. Müəlliflərin “millətçilik”, “türkçülük” adı ilə təqibi başlandı. Faktlar var ki, “Kommunist” qəzetindəki “millətçilik yuvası”nı dağıtmaq üçün dəfələrlə çox yüksək səviyyədə ciddi tədbirlər həyata keçirilmişdir.
Implementation of Exergame Telehealth in Subjective Cognitive Decline
Authors: Salisbury Dereck L. , Olofinboba Olu , Yu Fang
Published: January 2024

Background

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a synchronous, remotely delivered, simultaneous aerobic exercise (AEx) and cognitive training program (Exergame) via BrainFitRx® in persons at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia.

Methods

In this pilot study, we employed a randomized controlled trial design in which participants were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: Exergame, AEx only, or stretching control on a 2:1:1 allocation ratio, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Sessions were supervised in a synchronous audiovisual telehealth format by a clinical exercise physiologist. Feasibility and safety outcomes were assessed as session attendance, intensity adherence, and study-related adverse events. Usability for the Exergame was assessed by the Systems Usability Survey.

Results

The average age of the study sample (n = 39) was 74.6 ± 7.2 years old with 17.7 ± 2.3 years of education and 69.0% female. Overall participants in the Exergame and AEx groups attended on average 83.8% of possible sessions over the course of the 12-week study (85.6% attendance overall). Attendance was significantly higher for the AEx group (P = 0.02). Of the total training sessions completed collectively, 87.7% of sessions achieved the prescribed moderate intensity rating of perceived exertion targets (84.3% and 94.9% of sessions, respectively, for the Exergame and AEx groups). Overall, there were 2 study-related adverse events, both in the Exergames group. The Systems Usability Survey score was considered acceptable for the BrainFitRx.

Conclusions

In this study, we provide preliminary evidence of the feasibility of a simultaneous AEx + cognitive training (Exergame) program delivered through a synchronous telehealth format.
The Acute and Chronic Effect of Endurance Versus Resistance Exercise on Circulating Irisin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Newman James E. , Jenkins David G. , Mielke Gregore I. , Askew Christopher D. , Schaumberg Mia A
Published: January 2024

Background

Exercise-induced release of irisin is associated with various improved health outcomes. However, the most effective exercise mode(s) to stimulate irisin release remain unclear. In this systematic review, we separately examine potential differences in (i) resting irisin concentrations (chronic change) after resistance (RT) and endurance training (ET) and (ii) the concentrations of irisin after a single bout (acute change) of resistance (RE) and endurance exercise (EE).

Methods

Searching was completed February 2022 in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and SportDiscus. Studies were included by consensus of 2 reviewers, if they were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or comparison studies with adults over 18 years and compared chronic change after RT and ET for any intervention duration or acute change after RE and EE. Risk of bias and quality of findings were independently assessed using PEDRo and GRADE, respectively. Irisin post means and standard deviations were extracted to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals using a random effect model.

Results

Of 174 studies screened, 8 chronic and 4 acute studies were included in the analysis, comprising a total of 332 participants. No difference between RT or ET for chronic irisin response was found (P = 0.380, SMD = 0.17, n = 248); however, there tended to be greater acute increases in circulating irisin after RE than EE (P < 0.001, SMD = 0.93, n = 56).

Conclusions

A greater effect of RE on irisin concentrations than EE was found in acute studies. Future research requires larger sample sizes and matched intensities.
Exercise for Hypertension: New Recommendation Strategies for Blood Pressure Control
Authors: Alves Alberto J. , Wu Yin , Lopes Susana , Ribeiro Fernando , Pescatello Linda S.
Published: January 2024

Hypertension is a leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and premature death worldwide. Due to its undeniable antihypertensive effects, exercise training is advised as an effective nonpharmacological method of preventing, treating, and controlling hypertension by the main professional and scientific societies, including the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, European Society of Hypertension, American College of Sports Medicine, and Exercise and Sport Science Australia. In this review, we aim to summarize the current recommendations of exercise training for hypertension and discuss the emerging research supporting the integration of new exercise strategies, such as neuromotor and isometric resistance exercise, for the prevention and management of hypertension.
Perspectives on Exercise Testing for Individuals With Down Syndrome
Authors: Sherman Sara R. , Baynard Tracy
Published: January 2024

Despite a unique physiological profile, exercise testing is valid, reliable, and safe for individuals with Down syndrome after appropriate familiarization to the testing protocol. The purpose of this review is to provide practical exercise testing considerations for individuals with Down syndrome, including both aerobic and resistance exercise testing.
Challenges with Achieving and Maintaining High Oral Cholera Vaccine Coverage in Uvira, The Democratic Republic of the Congo: serial cross-sectional representative surveys
Authors: Koyuncu Aybüke , Bugeme1 Patrick Musole , Hulse1 Juan Dent , Hutchins Chloe , Xu Hanmeng , Gallandat Karin , Cumming Oliver , Matundanya Joseph , Cikomola Aimé , Rukakiza Dephin , NKOMBO Merveille , Mufitini Jaime Saidi , Rumedeka Bashige , Akilimali Laurent , Lee Elizabeth C. , Welo Placide Okitayemba , Knee Jackie , Azman Andrew , Malembaka Espoir Bwenge
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMaximizing the impact of the limited global supply of killed oral cholera vaccines (kOCVs) requires understanding the barriers to achieving high population coverage during vaccination campaigns as well as factors that may influence coverage declines over time. In 2020, two rounds of mass vaccination campaigns with Euvichol-Plus were conducted in Uvira in The Democratic Republic of the Congo. We used data from three serial cross-sectional representative surveys conducted between 11 and 33 months after vaccination to:(i) estimate the post-vaccination campaign coverage and explore heterogeneity by geographic and demographic factors; (ii) examine barriers and facilitators of vaccine uptake; and (iii) to describe the changes in coverage over time and predict future coverage.MethodsWe collected data on socio-demographics, self-reported vaccination status, population movement, and knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to kOCVs using household surveys. We performed descriptive analyses comparing characteristics between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals and explored the potential role of population movement as a cause for low coverage. We used an exponential decay model to predict the proportion of the population vaccinated with at least one dose of kOCV over time based on age-specific coverage in each cross-sectional survey.Results We enrolled 8,735 participants from 1,433 households across the three surveys. Coverage in survey round 1 was 55% for >1 dose of kOCV (95% CI: 51-60) and 23% > 2 doses (95% CI: 20-27). Vaccine refusal was associated with lack of confidence in vaccine safety and 29% of unvaccinated adults reported it was unlikely they would accept kOCVs if an additional mass vaccination campaign was conducted in their area. Coverage of at least one dose of kOCV declined on average by 17% per year (95% Credible Interval: 8 – 26) and was 39% (95% CI: 36-43) by survey round 3 (32.5 - 33.2 months after 2nd dose campaign). ConclusionsWe estimate that more than half of the target population in Uvira was not fully vaccinated against cholera and that population-level coverage declined rapidly over the years post-vaccination. In settings like Uvira, even if direct protection from the vaccine is durable for 5 or more years, migration can lead to a rapid decline in effective population-level coverage and reduce the indirect protection from the vaccine. Our findings suggest that vaccine coverage dilution may be reduced by more frequent and coordinated geographic vaccination efforts.
Green Dreams, Concrete Realities: Overcoming Climate Hurdles in American Middle Cities
Authors: Scheuch Eric
Published: January 2024

American middle cities (those between 50,000 and 1 million residents) are home to a quarter of all Americans and are on the frontlines of climate change, yet they are largely excluded from the literature on urban climate politics. At the same time, while the literature highlights the importance of state institutions, state capacity, and environmental coalitions, less is known about how these factors interact with local political and economic conditions. I advance the field by directly considering these local contextual features through original ethnographic fieldwork in four middle cities. I find that the composition of coalitions both for and against climate policies can differ widely based on a city’s economic base and racial homogeneity. In addition, analysis of these middle cities demonstrates a challenge in overcoming the physical legacy of industrialization. Taken together, this paper sheds new light on urban environmental politics by focusing on a category of understudied cities that house a large section of the country’s population and economic output, while also being home to some of its most economically and environmentally disadvantaged communities.
Social bonding through shared experiences: the role of emotional intensity
Authors: Chung Victor , Mennella Rocco , Pacherie Elisabeth , Grezes Julie
Published: January 2024

Sharing emotions with other individuals is a widespread phenomenon. Previous research proposed that experiencing intense and similar emotions with other individuals reinforces social bonds. However, several aspects of this phenomenon remain unclear, notably whether social bonding requires the convergence and synchronization of emotions in the group, and whether these effects generalize across positively valenced and negatively valenced emotional contexts. To address these questions, we measured subjective emotional experiences, physiological activity (cardiac, respiratory, electrodermal) and social attitudes in dyads of unacquainted individuals who watched videos in the presence of each other. We manipulated the emotional content of the videos and the type of shared attention between participants, to test for the contribution of interpersonal influence. The results revealed that intense emotions indexed by physiological arousal were associated with the emergence of reciprocal prosocial attitudes within dyads, and that this effect depended on joint attention. We did not observe the convergence and synchronization of emotions within dyads, which suggests that experiencing similar emotions was not necessary for social bonding. We discuss implications of this study for research on collective effervescence and the social consequences of shared experiences.
Parent-Adolescent Communication in a Digital World: A 100-Day Diary Study
Authors: Janssen Loes H. C. , Beyens Ine , Bij de Vaate Nadia A.J.D. , van der Wal Amber , Valkenburg Patti M. , Keijsers Loes
Published: January 2024

Digital technology enables parents and adolescents to communicate anywhere and anytime. Knowledge of parent-adolescent online communication, however, is mainly based on cross-sectional studies. In this preregistered 100-day diary study, 479 adolescents (Mage = 15.98, 54.9% girls; 96.9% Dutch) reported daily if they had communicated with their parents online, how long (i.e., duration), and what they discussed (i.e., topics). Parent-adolescent online communication took place on 43% of days, for an average of 20 minutes a day, and predominantly concerned micro-coordination. Five profiles of parent-adolescent online communication were identified, with most adolescents (55.4%) communicating relatively infrequently and briefly. Boys and younger adolescents communicated longer than girls and older adolescents. Although parent-adolescent online contact is possible all day, very few adolescents do so.
Utilizing virtual reality to enhance skill development in children with diverse neuropsychiatric profiles: a multi-therapist approach
Authors: Morozov Aliaksandr , Makarevich Pavel , Vanelik Liliya , Kutas Volha , Sinitsa Tatsiana
Published: January 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality (VR) application “Focus-Pocus” by Proven Reality in improving attention and fundamental skills in children with diverse neuropsychiatric profiles, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and other developmental disorders. Conducted by three therapists, the study involved therapeutic sessions with VR technology to address the unique challenges faced by each child. The VR environment facilitated the development of skills such as visual tracking and precise pointing gestures while enhancing concentration and attention. Subjective feedback from parents and therapists indicated significant improvements in the children's independence, attention, and behavioral regulation. Although quantitative assessments yielded mixed results, the qualitative outcomes suggest VR's potential as an effective tool in therapeutic contexts for children with various neuropsychiatric needs.
Long-term exercise training reduced the sound-induced flash illusion in multisensory illusions owing to the cerebellum
Authors: Wang Aijun , Zhang Wenli , Chang Chun , Tang Xiaoyuan , Zhang Ming
Published: January 2024

The sound-induced flash illusion (SiFI) is an auditory-dominant multisensory illusion phenomenon that can be used to assess multisensory integration. Although previous studies have shown that one-time intervention exercise training does not significantly affect the SiFI in older adults, the improvement in the SiFI according to exercise type and duration remains controversial. In the present study, the classical SiFI paradigm was used to investigate the effects of long-term exercise training on the SiFI. Differences in SiFI scores among the skill, physical fitness, and control groups were also assessed. The SiFI was lower in both the skill group and the physical fitness group than in the control group (Experiment 1), and the skill group had a smaller SiFI than the control group because the skill group had a finer temporal window of multisensory integration (Experiment 2). In addition, previous studies have shown that the SiFI is improved by exercise related to balance, which is associated with the cerebellum. Therefore, we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate the cerebellum to examine whether the cerebellum was involved in SiFI (Experiment 3). The cerebellum was involved in the SiFI, and the reduction in the SiFI in the skill group was due to the increase in developed cerebellar function resulting from long-term skill training. These results suggest that long-term skill-dominant exercise training is effective at preventing SiFI, and the present study provides empirical support for intervention training in the area of multisensory integration.
Trends in Waking Salivary Alpha-Amylase Levels Following Healing Lucid Dreams
Authors: Yount Garret , Taddeo Sitara , Stumbrys Tadas , Kriegsman Michael , Wahbeh Helané
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is considered a marker of autonomic nervous system activity in stress research, and atypical waking sAA responses have been reported for traumatized individuals. Lucid dreams, characterized by a dreamer's awareness of their dream state while remaining asleep, have shown promising preliminary evidence of their potential to enhance mental health. This study’s objective was to evaluate sAA in relation to healing lucid dreams. Methods: Participants experiencing PTSD symptoms attended a six-day workshop delivered via live video designed to teach techniques for transforming trauma through dreamwork and dream lucidity. Participants (n=20) collected saliva samples each morning, immediately upon awakening (Time 1) and 30 minutes afterward (Time 2). sAA levels were determined by enzymatic assay, and the waking sAA slope was calculated as the difference of Time 2 minus Time 1. Participants completed dream reports each morning, with a dream classified as a ‘healing lucid dream’ when they reported attaining lucidity and remembered their intention to manifest a healing experience within the dreamscape. Results: Of eight participants experiencing healing lucid dreams, four were able to provide usable saliva samples. Statistical tests on these four participants were not significant because of low power. However, nonsignificant positive associations were observed between experiencing more healing lucid dreams and increased waking sAA slope. Conclusion: The results did not reveal a consistent effect of healing lucid dreams on waking sAA slope. Identifying meaningful patterns in this relationship will require larger samples and more stringent control over saliva collection procedures in future studies.
The Labor Market Effects of Restricting Refugees' Employment Opportunities
Authors: Ahrens Achim , Beerli Andreas , Hangartner Dominik , Kurer Selina , Siegenthaler Michael
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates whether employment restrictions contribute to refugees having poorer labor market outcomes than citizens. Utilizing linked register data from Switzerland and within-canton policy variation between 1999-2015, we find substantial negative effects on employment and earnings when refugees are barred from working upon arrival, excluded from specific sectors or regions, or face resident prioritization. Removing 10% of refugees' outside options reduces job-to-job mobility by 7.5% and wages by 3.0%, widening the wage gap to citizens in similar jobs. The restrictions depress refugees' labor market outcomes even after they apply, but do not spur emigration nor benefit other immigrants.
Nature’s Curriculum: Genes Linked to Educational Attainment and Adult Socioeconomic Status in a Nordic Welfare State
Authors: Dobewall Henrik , Vaalavuo Maria , Böckerman Petri , Viinikainen Jutta , Sirniö Outi , Kantojärvi Katri , Pehkonen Jaakko , Raitakari Olli , Lehtimaki Terho
Published: January 2024

Research in sociogenomics is interested in how genes, alongside family background and institutional context, influence our life chances. Recent findings show genetics influence on educational attainment, but their effects on socioeconomic outcomes that follow, especially in egalitarian Nordic welfare states, remain less understood. We analyze two genetically-informed Finnish datasets, encompassing longitudinal register information on earnings, employment, unemployment, occupational status, and social assistance receipt (n=31,622). Genetic endowment towards educational attainment was measured with polygenic scores (EA PGS). The role of achieved level of education and family background were examined, considering generational differences pre- and post-Finland's comprehensive school reform of the 1970s that aimed to promote equality of opportunity. In the younger generation, EA PGS were not predictive for later outcomes after controlling for the achieved education level. A notable exception was occupational status. In contrast, the older generation EA PGS predicted later socioeconomic outcomes beyond education, indicating relationships not fully explained by schooling. The years of education completed, unlike parental income, moderated the effect of the EA PGS. The findings contribute important insights to the ongoing debate in the Nordic welfare states on balancing equality of opportunity with meritocratic principles and for other societies on their path to becoming more egalitarian.