bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intervenções farmacêuticas e o cuidado em pacientes portadores de Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Maia Jéssica Daiane de Melo , Soler Orenzio , Tiago Allan Carlos da Silva
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Apresentar estudos que tratam de serviços farmacêuticos e sua efetividade no tratamento de pacientes com Diabetes mellitus. Método: Revisão integrativa. Resultados: Observa-se, que existem distintas estratégias para melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados farmacêuticos aos pacientes diabéticos, onde se destaca a telemedicina por meio de lembretes por SMS, ligação telefônica e aplicativos que forneçam apoio para o autocuidado e/ou autogestão. Conclusão: Reconhece-se, que o profissional farmacêutico é importante para o cuidado em saúde, por meio da oferta de serviços farmacêuticos que aplicam o cuidado farmacêutico como estratégia promotora para uma melhor qualidade de vida aos pacientes diabéticos.
DID THE BURNOUT LEVELS OF THE NURSES AFFECT THEIR PROFESSIONAL COMMITMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PROCESS?
Authors: Tozak Fatoş , Altuntaş Serap
Published: June 2024

This descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study investigated the effect of burnout on nurses' professional commitment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurses have been experiencing high levels of burnout since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we know little about how burnout affects their professional commitment. The study was conducted between March 2021 and April 2021. The sample consisted of 671 nurses. Participation was voluntary. Data were collected online using a personal information form, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale (NPCS). The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) at a significance level of 0.05. Half of the participants stated that the pandemic adversely affected their professional commitment (51.4%). More than a quarter of the participants noted that they considered quitting (36.4%). Participants had a mean MBI and NPCS score of 2.43±0.52 (above average) and 2.07±0.76 (average), respectively. Their MBI and NPCS scores were negatively correlated (r=-0.428; p=0.001). Burnout explained 18% of the total variance of professional commitment (p=0.000; R2: 0.182). Nurses experience high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization during the pandemic, resulting in reduced professional commitment. There is also a positive correlation between personal accomplishment and professional commitment.
Diversity and Abundance of Soil Macrofauna in Wheat Fields with Low and High Input of Fertilizers
Authors: Tayyab Komal , Aslam Sumaira , Mumtaz Tamseela , Kousar Safina , Umer Humaira
Published: June 2024

The diversity and abundance of soil macrofauna under different plant covers can indicate the health and fertility of the soil because they are considered a rich source for improving the nutritive status of the soil through decomposition and scavenging of the organic material in the soil. The study was conducted to deal with the exploration of soil macrofauna for a period of six months extending from January through June 2022 in Faisalabad. Two locations of choice were selected where high- and low-input crop fields were present. One was from Ayub Research Institute, Faisalabad, high-input (HIP) crop fields (cultivated with intensive farming using pesticides and synthetic fertilizer), and the other from Gatti near Faisalabad, low-input (LIP) crop fields (cultivated with relatively low doses of synthetic fertilizers and mostly using organic manures) to study the diversity and abundance of soil macrofauna in wheat fields. A total of 81 specimens were picked up and identified as belonging to 12 orders, 23 families, and 41 species. Orders were Collembola (01 specimen), Diplura (01), Orthoptera (01), Dermaptera (02), Isoptera (04), Coleoptera (03), Diptera (05), Lepidoptera (03), Hymenoptera (30), Pulmonata (17), Oligochaeta (04) and Isopoda (11). Low-input crop fields showed 25 different species with 35 specimens, while high-input crop fields also showed 25 different species with 46 specimens. The Shannon-Weiner index indicated higher diversity in LIP crop fields (H= 3.04) than in HIP crop fields ( (H' = 2. while higher abundance was found in HIP crop fields. In conclusion, research on the variety and quantity of soil macrofauna in wheat fields with different fertilizer inputs is important from a socioeconomic standpoint because it has the potential to improve agricultural production, sustainability, and the general well-being of communities that depend on agriculture.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL VIDEO â€SAHABAT IBU HAMILâ€ ON SELF EFFICACY OF PREGNANT WOMEN TO OVERCOME EMESIS GRAVIDARUM
Authors: Legiati Titi , Indrayani Diyan
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Emesis gravidarum (nausea and vomiting) are the most common discomforts in the first trimester of pregnancy and affect 70% of pregnant women. Some pregnant women (46.7%) have negative behavior to overcome emesis gravidarum, which means they have not been able to overcome the emesis that occurs to them. Untreated emesis gravidarum will progress to hyperemesis gravidarum which can endanger maternal health and fetal development. One of the most important things in person's healthy behavior is self-efficacy. Self-efficacy can be formed through verbal persuasion to convince individuals that they are capable of achieving certain results. The video â€œsahabat ibu hamilâ€ is an educational media for pregnant women that applies the principles of verbal persuasion in an effort to strengthen the confidence of pregnant women to be able to implement healthy behavior to overcome emesis gravidarum.

Objectives: Analyzing the effectiveness of the video "Sahabat Ibu Hamil" on the self-efficacy of pregnant women to overcome emesis gravidarum.

Method: This research used Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The research was carried out in the working areas of the Sukajadi, Pasirkaliki and Sukarasa Community Health Centers and the Practice of Independent Midwives in Bandung City. The population in the study were all pregnant women in Bandung City. The sample was 37 pregnant women in accordance with the inclusion criteria, both in the intervention group and the control group. Sample size formula in this research used numerical categorical unpaired. The data obtained was primary data from a questionnaire assessment regarding self-efficacy to overcome emesis (nausea/vomiting). The Wilcoxon test was used to analyzed the difference in scores before and after the intervention group. Paired t-test was used to analyzed differences in scores before and after education in the control group. The Mann Whitney test was used to analyzed the differences in scores between the two group

Result:  The results of the study showed that there was a significant differences in the self-efficacy of pregnant women to overcome nausea and vomiting before and after providing education in both the intervention and control groups. The video "Sahabat Ibu Hamil" is effective in increasing the self-efficacy of pregnant women to overcome emesis (nausea/vomiting), this can be seen as an increase in self-efficacy in the intervention group which is higher compared to the control group.

Conclusion: The video "Sahabat Ibu Hamil" can be used as an alternative educational media of health promotion for pregnant women to overcome emesis gravidarum (nausea/vomiting).
Ocupaciones de vivienda, informalidad y Estado en Patagonia Austral
Authors: Gonzalez Noemi Raquel , Destito Gastón
Published: June 2024

Las ocupaciones de las obras paralizadas del Programa Federal de Construcción de Viviendas-Techo Digno en Caleta Olivia en 2015 nos permitirán echar luz sobre la informalidad como proceso social y político en el que el Estado no es mero administrador, sino que, a través de instituciones, funcionarios y funcionarias  promueve e interviene en él de manera activa. Desde un enfoque etnográfico y una perspectiva relacional mostramos cómo las ocupaciones de vivienda se inscriben en procesos colectivos de distintas escalas, atravesados por el contexto electoral que removió la arena política local y modificó el horizonte de lo posible, lo cual reconfiguró la crisis habitacional. Proponemos una perspectiva analítica que estudia las ocupaciones dentro de un complejo proceso social y analizamos cómo las políticas de cercanía influyen en los procesos de adjudicación y ocupación de viviendas, así como en los efectos que ello produce a nivel social.
Types of application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and prognosis of osteoporosis; a narrative review
Authors: Moslehi Sara , Mahmoodian Zahra Sadat , Zandi Esfahan Sasan
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The rising impact of osteoporosis and fragility fractures highlights the need for advanced management strategies. Integrating digital health interventions, especially artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, is essential. Osteoporosis, a major contributor to elderly disability, demands AI to minimize diagnostic errors. This review targets stakeholders interested in employing AI for osteoporosis management. Methods: We examined 16 articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline (January 1, 2015, to January 1, 2023) using keywords like AI, osteoporosis, fragility fracture, and machine learning. After excluding redundancies, 15 articles were selected, covering five key aspects of osteoporosis management: Bone mineral densitometry (BMD) predictive variables (n=1), diagnosis, screening, and classification of osteoporosis (n=5), diagnosis and screening of fractures (n=4), fracture risk forecast (n=2), and automated image segmentation (n=3). Results: Recent machine learning (ML) advances empower AI in assessing bone health beyond X-rays. Techniques, including AI-driven analysis with multi-detector computed tomography scans, extend beyond X-ray imaging. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) excel in fracture diagnosis, surpassing medical professionals. Enhanced CNN performance is achieved through data augmentation and generative networks. Conclusion: Initial ML applications in osteoporosis research focus on the macroscopic scale, leaving a gap in microscale exploration. Establishing a robust system for bone micro-damage initiation detection is crucial for future applications in bone micromechanics. Ongoing development is essential to assess effectiveness and affordability through controlled studies.
Vitamin D status in hemodialysis; current opinions
Authors: Tajdini Parisa , Farnam Nia Sadaf , Midhat Ansari Nabiha , Farahmandsadr Maryam
Published: June 2024

The adverse clinical implications of vitamin D (vitD) deficiency in hemodialysis (HD) patients are widespread and include bone mineral disorders, cardiovascular disease, infections, and mortality. For example, low vitD values are connected with a heightened risk of fractures, osteomalacia, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Additionally, low vitD levels have been linked to increased arterial stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure in HD patients. Moreover, vitD deficiency has been connected with an intensified risk of infections, particularly respiratory tract infections, in HD patients. Finally, multiple studies have found an association between low vitD levels and increased mortality in HD patients.
Parathyroid crisis; a short look at an uncommon disease
Authors: Tajdini Parisa , Mazaheri Tehrani Simin , Vahdani Yasaman
Published: June 2024

Parathyroid crisis (storm), also known as parathyroid storm, is an extremely rare and life-threatening endocrine emergency caused by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). It is characterized by sudden and severe hypercalcemia, which can lead to multi-organ dysfunction and failure. This review paper aims to provide an in-depth understanding of parathyroid crisis, including its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management options.
A Comparative Study of Global Accounting and Indian Accounting
Authors: Archunan K , Ramaiyan C
Published: June 2024

Accounting is a tool to quantify all economic and business transactions in terms of money. The economic and non-economic transactions are measured and compared from year to year and country to country with the help of accounting only. Hence, accounting is a backbone of evidence to identify the strength and weakness of any sector of the country. The accounting systems vary from country to country depending upon the nature of the business. The ancient accounting system has a narrow concept which has been followed within a country. Later in the ancient international trade, business tractions were based on the barter system. The traders followed informal accounting records for their business transactions, before the industrial revolution. Due to the industrial revolution (1760) there was mass production in the textile industries, steamindustries, and iron industries. The huge volume of production led to changes in the field of accounting. The spread of the industrial revolution across Europe, hence it requires a common accounting system among the European countries. The expansion of the volume of economic and business transactions gives the necessity of a globally accepted accounting system. Moreover, in the international trade, all countries around the world are involved in both imports and exports. Hence, the international accounting system is required to know the accuracy of global business transaction. India has its own accounting system which is based on the Indian Companies Act, 1956, later the Indian Companies Act, amended, 2013. The Indian Accounting Standard is applicable only to India, which is framed for Indian companies located in India. If any IndianCompanies located outside India have to follow the International Accounting standards.
Impact of Tourism in Economic Development - A Study with Reference to Vellore District
Authors: Ammu J , Prince Prabakaran V P
Published: June 2024

India is widely recognized as one of the most ancient civilizations, characterized by its diverse and culturally significant past. India has long been a focal point of interest for various individuals due to a multitude of factors. India possesses a time-honored heritage of tourism. The industry in question was present within the informal sector since ancient times and was engaged in by individuals from many social groups. India, as an expansive and heterogeneous nation, has something to provide for all individuals. The conventional manner in which visitors are received in India is rooted in the mythological notion of ‘Athithi Devo Bhavah’, which translates to ‘Guest is God’. This is the most recent slogan the Indian tourism sector has used. In order for India to become a global leader in the tourism industry, it is imperative that all branches of the central and state governments, the private sector, and voluntary organizations actively collaborate to achieve sustainable growth in tourism. This is because tourism is a multifaceted activity and primarily a service industry. This study seeks to examine and assess the influence of tourism on the economic progress of Vellore District. This study holds significant importance as a substantial number of individuals visited Vellore, not alone for medical treatment but also for tourism purposes. The prominent tourist destinations in and around Vellore encompass the Historic Vellore Fort, Government Museum, Science Park, Vainu Bappu Observatory, and Amirthi Zoological Park, as well as religious sites such as Jalakandeswarar Temple, Srilakshmi Golden Temple, Big Mosque, St. John’s Church, Yelagiri Hill Station, and CMCH, which offers exceptional medical care at an affordable price.
An Analysis on Women Enrolment in Higher Education in India
Authors: Ezhilarasan G , Sampath M , Vaidyanathan M R , Dinesh Kannan R
Published: June 2024

There is still a gender enrolment disparity in India’s higher education system, despite notable progress. Using a combination of methods for thorough analysis, this study explores the complex interactions between socio-economic, cultural, and institutional barriers preventing women from pursuing higher education chances. Further, this study relies on the issues of Girls are disproportionately affected by ongoing poverty, a lack of family support, and uneven access to high-quality secondary school, which undermines their ambitions for further education. Women students in higher education are marginalized and denied academic opportunities due to inadequate infrastructure, a dearth of gender-sensitive teaching techniques, and a dearth of female role models. Not only is closing the gender gap in higher education morally required, but it is also a calculated investment in the future of India. India can unleash the enormous potential of its female population and move the country toward a more egalitarian and prosperous future by removing the complex hurdles found in this study and putting in place efficient interventions at the individual, and institutional. The simple statistical tools adopted and it was observed from the results that the annual average percentage rate was positive in all the levels of education. Finally, it is particularly noted that the majority of the women were enrolled in Ph.D after integrated and PG Diploma programmes.
A Study on Motivational Factors of Entrepreneurial Performance
Authors: Saranya S. , Banila R.
Published: June 2024

Entrepreneurship is a key factor in the national economy. While understanding about entrepreneurship, it is vital to realize the achievement motivation among the entrepreneurs and its relationship with the success of their organisations. In this study, the factors influencing entrepreneurial performance are analysed using the correlation method. Totally 112 entrepreneurs from five categories of industries are considered for the survey. Interview-schedule is designed with the parameters of achievement motivation and entrepreneurial performance. It is found that achievement motivation is significantly correlated with entrepreneurial performance.
Analyzing Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Indonesian Version Using the Generalized Partial Credit Model
Authors: Kenzo  , Yudiarso Ananta , Nugroho Marcellino Alvin , Mustika John Sebastian
Published: June 2024

Happiness is an essential aspect of psychological well-being, and measuring it accurately is crucial for policymakers and researchers. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) is a widely used tool to assess happiness, but its validity and reliability in different cultural contexts, such as Indonesia, are yet to be determined. This research aimed to analyze the item responses of the Indonesian version of the OHQ using the Generalized Partial Credit Model (GPCM). Participants were Indonesian citizens aged between 18-40 years old, and the data were collected through an online survey. The GPCM analysis revealed that three items in the Indonesian version of the OHQ have low discriminant value. This may be due to unclear statements or insufficient information to accurately measure happiness. Despite this, the overall conclusion is that the Indonesian version of the OHQ is suitable for use as a test tool to measure overall happiness perceived by people in Indonesia. This information can be valuable for policymakers and researchers to better understand happiness levels in the country and develop strategies to improve overall well-being. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the OHQ, contributing to ongoing efforts to measure happiness in diverse cultural contexts. The findings can be used to inform future research and policy decisions aimed at promoting happiness and psychological well-being in Indonesian.
Temporal changes in water quality in Leh Ladakh region: Impact of urbanization
Authors: Ali Gh , Chaudharı Mukesh , Shah Priyanka , Shrivastav Pranav
Published: June 2024

Water is a valuable and limited resource in semi-arid regions like Ladakh. Effective management and conservation of water are crucial to prevent negative consequences on the area's quality of life. Since becoming a Union territory, Leh, a district of Ladakh, has undergone rapid urbanization due to its administrative status, air service facilities, tourism, and increasing population. However, this urbanization and tourism boom have resulted in a higher demand for water and a decline in its quality. Glacial-fed water is the primary source for drinking and agriculture in Ladakh. As Ladakh has become a popular tourist destination, the distribution and quality of water have been negatively affected. Construction of hotels and guest houses on agricultural lands, could further harm Ladakh's fragile ecological environment. Due to the challenging terrain and harsh conditions, there has been limited research on water quality in the region andare confined to the Leh district only. Despite lack of comprehensive information, this review aims to address three important questions: the hydrochemistry of water resources, the impact of urbanization on water quality, and the existing research gap in hydrochemistry in significant areas and water resources. The objective is to establish fundamental data for future research and contribute to a better understanding of water resources in the region.
Sustainable Rice Plant Growth Promotion by Bacteria Isolated from Rhizosphere Soil
Authors: Behera Bikash , Mahto Kumudini , Awesh Azam Saikh Md , Mishra Rashmi Ranjan , Sethi Bijay Kumar , Pradhan Biswaranjan , Singh Santosh Kumar , Hota Tapaswini , Dey Harishankar
Published: June 2024

In the present study, sixteen bacterial isolates were collected and identified from the rhizosphere soil of the bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris), named BB-1 to BB-16. Out of the sixteen bacterial isolates, six isolates showed positive activity of phosphate solubilization ability, three bacterial isolates were found positive for ammonia production, six were positive for Indole acetic acid (IAA) production, three could solubilize potash, three bacterial isolates produced cellulase, six exhibited positive for chitinase, five were tested positive for amylase and four bacterial isolates were positive for protease activity. Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) production was noticed by the bacterial isolates BB-7only. The fungal pathogen such as Aspergillus terreus, and Penicillium rubidurum was resistant to most bacterial isolates, whereas bacterial isolate BB-3 showed sensitivity against Penicillium rubidurum. Their quantitative phosphate solubilization ability was 47.5-77.8 µg/ml, ammonia production was between 2.45 - 3.45 mg/l, and IAA production was 22.5 -29.5 µg/ml. Of the sixteen bacterial isolates, one bacterial isolate, BB-7, was positive for most of the tests and identified as Pantoea agglomerans. Plant growth-promoting activity of the isolate showed that in comparison to the control rice plant, higher root and shoot growth was achieved in rice pot inoculated with P. agglomerans culture
Effect of Different Levels of Aqueous Suspension of Bentonite Nanoparticles on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Al-Faqieh Mohammad A. , Abdelqader Anas , Aburjai Talal
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to investigate the impact of different concentrations of aqueous suspension of bentonite nanoparticles (ASBN) on the productive performance of broiler chickens. The research was conducted at the University of Jordan poultry farm in Almuwaqar research station. A total of 240 Ross 308 broiler chickens were distributed among four treatments, with three replicates per treatment. Treatment T1 was the control, while T2, T3, and T4 received 1%, 2%, and 3% of ASBN, respectively. The study found that the use of ASBN at levels of 1%, 2%, and 3% significantly (p>0.05) improved the growth performance of broiler chickens. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in T2 (1% ASBN) on day 28, indicating better feed efficiency. However, carcass characteristics parameters, such as dressing and cut percentages, were not significantly influenced by ASBN treatment. Interestingly, T4 (3% ASBN) resulted in a higher weight of the breast compared to the other treatments. The study concluded that using ASBN at levels of 1%, 2%, and 3% can enhance the growth performance of broiler chickens without negative impacts on their carcass characteristics.
Evidence-Based Medicine Attitudes among Residents at Jordan University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Barghouti Farihan , Al Rababah Aseel , Almahallawi Nadia , Suleiman Dara , Al-Amairah Rwand , Smadi Zina , Ismail Omar
Published: June 2024

Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a term that has acquired different definitions in different settings and is considered as an ambiguous concept. However, it represents an empiricist mode of thinking in medicine. EBM is a patient-centered approach in medicine and bases clinical knowledge on evidence as well as having a huge impact on clinical practice during the past few decades.Aim: The study aimed to evaluate medical resident trainees’ attitude, knowledge, and practice of EBM and encountered barriers in clinical settings to determine the relationship between trainees at different levels and departments and implications on patient care.Methods: A cross sectional survey conducted between June 2022 till December 2022, utilizing face-to-face and online questionnaire. Our questionnaire consisted of 37 questions which include characteristics of the sample in addition to attitudes related to EBM and perceptions of barriers related to it. Inclusion criteria were residents working at Jordan University Hospital with a total of 175 residents who agreed to participate in this study, and exclusion criteria were other medical assistant members and fellows.Results: A survey was distributed to 175 residents, who completed it and provided information on their sociodemographic. Approximately 72.6 percent of the participants were females (n = 127), and the median age was 27 years and an interquartile range of 2 years. The majority of participants (n = 171, 97.7%) stated that they had heard the term "evidence-based medicine" before. When asked about the residents' knowledge of various research-related terms, their answers showed a positive trend, with the majority indicating that they had some understanding of the term. The remaining findings are covered below.Conclusion: Despite having received no formal training in this area during their years of training, JUH residents demonstrated positive views regarding EBM, supporting it, and believing in its conclusions. They also generally had good terminology knowledge. More than 85% utilize medical websites, more than 50% have papers published, and more than 50% endorse EBM.
Poison Centers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: History, Scope of Services, and Strengths and Weaknesses as Public Healthcare Providers
Authors: Battah Abdelkader , Hadidi Kamal , Obeidat Nathir , Battah Khairat , Khasawneh Suhad , Malkawi Mazen , Bani Hamad Balqees , Massad Basel , Alhadidi Akram , Masadeh Aya , Matarweh Hanna
Published: June 2024

Background: Poison centers (PCs) have been established in some of the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) countries; however, their history, scope of services, and data collection parameters have not been studied. Aims: To investigate whether PCs in the EMR offer standardized and harmonized services compared to PCs in developed countries.Methods: Required data were extracted from a questionnaire that was distributed to EM poison centers and from articles published during 1995–2021 by PCs in the EMR.Results: A total of 23 PCs were found in 14 of the 22 EMR countries, the majority of which shared data entry of the main poisoning parameters. Scope of services was documented by 10 PCs in EMR countries. Only three poison centers, located in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia, provided all of the WHO-listed main services, while four PCs provided poison information and laboratory services and the rest provided one or two services. Conclusion: Only 63% of EMR countries have a poison center, and most of them lack functions and services at the level needed as public health providers. Collaboration among PCs in EMR countries is required to determine weaknesses, strengths, and challenges.
Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cysts: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Alsmady Moaath , AlShatnawi Mohammad , Al bakri Basil , Sunoqrot Mohammad , Al-Na'san Ali , Alsabi’ Abdel rahman , Alimoglu Orhan
Published: June 2024

Background and aims: Bronchogenic cysts are rare mediastinal tumors caused by foregut malformations. Although surgery remains the definitive form of diagnosis and treatment, we can reach a diagnosis by imaging modalities. This retrospective study aims to analyze our experience with bronchogenic cysts and present a discussion of the demographics of patients, patient signs and symptoms, and cyst complications, as well as a surgical approach for resection and surgical outcomes for patients described in this study.Methods: This retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study reviewed the medical records of 12 patients who were formally diagnosed with bronchogenic cysts by histopathology and treated surgically between 2010 and 2020. We reviewed the medical records of all patients, including age, location of the cyst, symptoms, complications, imaging techniques, and surgical interventions.Results: In total, twelve bronchogenic cyst cases were included. Eight mediastinal cysts (two intrathymic) and four intraparenchymal cysts. One patient was asymptomatic, and the remaining 11 were symptomatic. The most common symptoms were chest pain, dyspnea, and cough. Four cases suffered from severe bronchogenic cyst complications, of which three had pneumonia and one atelectasis. The longest axis of a bronchogenic cyst ranged from 2–11cm (mean = 4.52cm). All 12 patients underwent complete surgical resection of the cyst without postoperative complications or recurrence.Conclusion: Although bronchogenic cysts are rare, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of diagnosing mediastinal tumors. In both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, complete surgical resection is the best option to prevent future recurrence and complications, such as malignancy.
A Call for Protection of Medical Workers and Volunteers
Authors: Juweid Malik , Abu-Asab Mones Abu-Asab
Published: June 2024

The ongoing wars in various parts of the world continue to shed light on the importance of medical workers and volunteers in areas such as Gaza, Sudan, and Ukraine, while shocking us by their vulnerability to harm and death in these conflicts. The exponential increase of the number of medical workers harmed in the ongoing conflicts is calling us to action. For example, in the past six months of the Gaza war, at least 484 medical workers and volunteers were killed due to military attacks on health care facilities according to an April 3rd report by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs1.Hundreds of physicians, nurses, and other medical workers from all over the world have volunteered to serve in what has remained of the hospitals and clinics in Gaza, risking their lives every day and every hour. Although there are several motives behind medical volunteerism in war theaters, including patriotic, religious, and often purely humanistic motives, the volunteers end up serving in life threatening hot zones. Their loved ones in their homelands live in anguish during their absence with the anticipation that they may hear the worst at any moment. Most of us celebrate these volunteers as heroes. They are highly respected in their home countries and internationally. Their reports on the catastrophic healthcare conditions inform us of the dire need to help the innocent civilian victims of the conflicts who are often women and children as well as the elderly and the sick.Physicians and their allied medical professionals are life savers not only during peacetime, but more importantly during times of devastating wars with massive civilian casualties and extremely limited resources within health facilities. As the numbers from Gaza above show, a disproportionate number of these medical volunteers and workers have been killed or injured.The medical volunteers and workers deserve better protection during wartime, regardless of their motives to serve, because they truly try to save lives under difficult conditions; altruistically speaking, they represent the best of us; and they epitomize the very essence of what the medical profession is about.We believe that it is time for general medical journals, such as ours to unequivocally call for the international protection of medical volunteers and workers and denounce attacks on civilian healthcare infrastructure that cause harm to the medical workers and volunteers and call for their absolute cessation.
Knowledge, Attitudes and practice of Breast Self-Examination among Jordanian Women
Authors: Al-Shdayfat Noha , Tawalbeh Loai , Al-Husban Raya , Al-Ajlouni Rania , Abuelashaar Fadwa
Published: June 2024

Breast cancer is one of the most death-leading factor among women worldwide, Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is well known to be an effective practice for early detection of breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of BSE training program on women’s health practices to prevent breast cancer. A quasi experimental design was used to identify the effect of a training program about BSE on the participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). We recruited 117 women aged 20 – 54 years attending Maternal and Child Health care centers in Jordan, 66 women received training on BSE and 51 women did not, a pre-post test was conducted to both groups.  At 2 months, the intervention increased the mean score of KAP (P < 0.05) for the interventional group compared to the control group. Training on BSE for women can improve their knowledge, attitudes, and practice to perform BSE appropriately.
 
 
Key words: Breast cancer, Training program, Jordan, women.
Hirschsprung Disease in Jordan: A Review and Status Update
Authors: Alkhateeb Asem , Shahatit Shadi
Published: June 2024

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of neuronal ganglions in the intestine, leading to impaired bowel movement and serious constipation. It affects 1 in 5,000 live births. HSCR can be syndromic or non-syndromic and the genetics behind it is complex as many genes are implicated with its etiology and prognosis, most importantly, the RET gene. HSCR is diagnosed from colon biopsies, but novel molecular testing of many gene panels is promising. Furthermore, HSCR prevalence across English, Hispanic, African American, Asian, or Arabian populations have been investigated, and the alleles frequencies of RET ClinVar entries provided. In this review, we aim to discuss the status of the disorder in Jordan. Seven publications were summarized and sub-grouped into: (1) case reports, (2) mortality rates, and (3) genetic testing. Also, information was gathered from Jordanian families with HSCR children about health and social aspects in Jordan. The research in Jordan is modest and demands further investigation on the molecular basis of the diseases within the Jordanian population so that optimal management can be expected and awareness raised for this rare disease in the society.
Safety and Efficacy of Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Jamali Fatima , Quda Mahmoud , Dahbour Said , Alhattab Dana , Bawa'neh Hisham , Rahmeh Reem , Samara Osama , Awidi Abdalla
Published: June 2024

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) of various origins are the most widely investigated type of stem cells in clinical trials. We report a treatment comparison of two adult sources of autologous MSCs regarding safety and efficacy in established spinal cord injury (SCI).Materials and Methods: In this Phase I/II open-label two-arm study, patients were divided into two groups. The first group was treated with autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSC), while the second was treated with autologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSC). Safety and outcomes were assessed in both groups for 24 months post-treatment initiation using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS).Results: Both groups showed no serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). AIS-assessed outcomes pointed to sensory and motor improvements in patients of both groups. Patients who received AT-MSCs showed better sensory and motor function improvement than those who received BM-MSCs. One patient in the AT-MSCs group regained the ability to walk after years of disability.Conclusions: Intrathecal injection of autologous AT-MSCs and autologous BM-MSC appears to be safe, with a possible advantage in the AT-MSCs treatment option regarding efficacy over BM-MSCs. Future clinical trials investigating larger sample sizes are warranted for wider use of this treatment modality in clinical practice. Furthermore, earlier use of cellular therapy intervention for SCI patients is predicted to improve the benefits.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02981576
Irisin’s Mechanism of Action and Levels in Physiological and Pathological Conditions
Authors: Abu Tarboush Nafez , Alsharaeh Tala , Alawaisheh Ibrahim
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: The importance of establishing a universal baseline for irisin in healthy individuals has often been overlooked. Irisin is a recently identified adipomyokine messenger with proven diverse properties and functions in various parts of the body. In this review, published studies on irisin’s structure, mechanism of action, and quantification are summarized, with a focus on its levels in relation to physiological and pathological conditions.Materials and Methods: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched for studies on irisin’s structure, mechanism of action, quantification, and effects in various tissues (no year restriction) using the following search terms: ‘irisin’, ‘FNDC5’, and ‘PGC-1α’, along with papers that discussed the levels of irisin in relation to physiological and pathological conditions.Results: Most of the current research was found to focus on the study of irisin concentrations in fluids of individuals with various comorbidities relative to controls, for the purpose of assessing its role in disease progression and prevention. Few papers have been able to establish a reliable baseline for its levels in healthy individuals due to insufficient sample sizes, use of differing quantification methods, and factors involving racial, gender, and age variances.Conclusions: Establishing a universal reference range for circulating irisin levels in healthy individuals has proven to be challenging. Despite being a potential biomarker for predicting illness, further investigation is still needed to overcome current limitations.
НАУКОВІ ДОМІНАНТИ У ТВОРЧОМУ ДОРОБКУ АКАДЕМІКА ВОЛОДИМИРА ГРИГОРОВИЧА КУЗЯ
Authors: Кочубей Тетяна
Published: June 2024

У статті висвітлено основні наукові домінанти у творчому доробку академіка Володимира Григоровича Кузя – педагога і науковця зі світовим іменем, доктора педагогічних наук, професора, заслуженого діяча науки і техніки України, дійсного члена Національної академії педагогічних наук України. Обґрунтовано основні наукові напрями, над якими працював відомий педагог. Наголошено на тому, що Кузь Володимир Григорович є фундатором сучасної науково-педагогічної школи з проблем професійної підготовки фахівців для сільських шкіл, гувернерів, ініціатором створення навчально-виховних комплексів «Дошкільний навчальний заклад – загальноосвітній навчальний заклад».
З’ясовано, що основними науковими домінантами, над якими працював відомий учений і педагог, були: народна педагогіка як основа національного виховання; педагогічні основи функціонування навчально-виховного процесу; особливості національного виховання; рідна мова як основа національного виховання; плекання сучасної інтелектуальної еліти; виховання дітей дошкільного і шкільного віку в комплексі «Школа – дитячий садок»; реалізація ідей  відродження духовності в загальноосвітніх та дошкільних закладах.
Акцентовано, що великого значення відомий педагог надавав родинному вихованню як материнській школі, національно-патріотичному вихованню, сухомлиністиці як новій парадигмі елітного виховання, а також підготовці вчителя сільської школи, вихованню учнів на миролюбних традиціях рідного краю, проблемах організації самостійної пізнавальної діяльності школярів, єдності шкільної та позашкільної освіти, українським народним дитячим іграм.
Виявлено, що важливого значення в своїй діяльності вчений приділяв інтеграції освіти і науки, співпраці закладу вищої освіти з науковими установами, освітніми та дошкільними закладами, а також початковій ланці освіти як єдиній системі безперервного навчання і виховання дітей.
ВПЛИВ ЦІННОСТЕЙ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРНИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ У МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ
Authors: Шамсутдинова Маріам-Софія
Published: June 2024

Стаття акцентує увагу на необхідності вивчення впливу цінностей на формування лінгвокультурних компетентностей у здобувачів вищої освіти, які спеціалізуються на іноземних мовах. Доведено, що розуміння цього впливу є критично важливим у сучасному глобалізованому світі. Здобувачі освіти, які вивчають іноземні мови, формують вміння та готовність до міжнародної комунікації і роботи в міжкультурному середовищі. Тому розуміння ними цінностей є надто важливим для вдосконалення їхніх лінгвокультурних навичок. Доведено, що сформовані цінності впливають на мотивацію здобувачів освіти, вибір ними навчальних стратегій та сприйняття культурних особливостей, покращує якість навчання та підвищує ефективність навчання та підготовку до міжнародної співпраці.
Проаналізовано результати попередніх розвідок у цій сфері, зосереджено увагу на тих цінностях, яким здобувачі освіти віддають перевагу, та як ці цінності впливають на їх мотивацію, особистісну установку на вивчення іноземної мови, формування орієнтаційно-професійних цілей. Дослідження також засвідчило, що практичну цінність для формування лінгвокультурних компетентностей мають знання і розуміння інших культур, міжкультурна комунікація та готовність до співпраці у міжнародному середовищі.
Сформульовано гіпотезу про те, що підготовка майбутніх фахівців іноземної мови має грунтуватися на ціннісно-орієнтованому підході, що значно сприятиме підвищенню мотивації здобувачів освіти та ефективності їх навчання. Розроблено рекомендації щодо концентрації уваги на питаннях цінностей здобувачів освіти, їх аналізі та всебічному використанні при плануванні і підчас проведення занять. У такий спосіб створюється гармонійне навчальне середовище, в якому домінує суспільно-психологічний паралелізм з індивідуальними розуміннями, інтересами, цінностями здобувачів вищої освіти та формує лінгвокультурний концепт майбутніх фахівців іноземної мови.
Стаття синтезує дослідження та судження про те, що об’єктивне, цілісне розуміння впливу цінностей і цілей здобувачів освіти на навчання мови є ключовим у процесах розвитку та правильного підбору ефективних методів навчання і стимулювання професійної мотивації для досягнення успіху.
Kars’ta Kentsel Koruma ve Turizm
Authors: Yulu Adem
Published: June 2024

Anadolu coğrafyasında turizm faaliyetlerinin son yıllarda önem kazandığı kentlerin başında gelen Kars, Osmanlı ve Rus döneminin çeşitli mimari özelliklerini taşımaktadır. 1970’li yılların başından itibaren Kars’ta tarihi yapılara yönelik yapı ölçeğinde başlayan koruma ve envanter çalışmaları, yakın geçmişte özellikle turizmin etkisiyle yapı ve sokak-cadde ölçekli koruma uygulamalarıyla koruma altına alınmaya başlanmıştır. Çalışma, bu noktada yakın zamanda kentte giderek daha fazla görünür hale gelen koruma uygulamalarına ve turizmin kentsel koruma üzerindeki rolünü ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma deseninin benimsendiği bu çalışmada çeşitli veri toplama teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bu verilerin betimsel analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, turizmin etkisiyle mimari değere sahip tarihi yapıların yanı sıra köhneleşmiş ve kaderine terk edilmiş çok sayıda kültür mirası izlerini taşıyan yapıların son yıllarda bir yandan farklı ölçekteki restorasyonlarla koruma altına alınırken diğer yandan da tarihi yapıların ekonomik değer kazanmaya başladığını göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, son yıllarda Kars’ın kültürel coğrafyasının değişmeye başladığını ve farklı ölçekteki koruma uygulamalarının da turizm üzerindeki rolünün artığını ortaya koymaktadır.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRANSACTIONAL AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Liu Fang , Khong-Khai Sutthikarn
Published: June 2024

The rapid development of the digital economy necessitates an examination of leadership styles that effectively respond to evolving environmental and organizational changes. This study investigates whether transactional or transformational leadership is more effective in the digital economic context. A comprehensive survey of 358 employees from various industries in Guangxi, China, was conducted to compare the effects of these two distinct leadership styles. Transactional leadership, which is characterized by exchanges between leaders and subordinates, guides through a system of defined roles and tasks with associated rewards and benefits, aimed at achieving immediate organizational goals. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, focuses on inspiring and motivating employees beyond immediate rewards by promoting an adaptive organizational culture through visionary leadership and concern for employees’ individual needs. This approach fosters a collaborative environment that co-creates and promotes organizational vision, thereby facilitating sustainable organizational change and efficiency in goal attainment. Findings from the data analysis reveal that both leadership styles positively influence employee engagement and organizational commitment. However, transformational leadership is significantly more effective, resulting in higher levels of engagement and commitment among employees. These results underscore the pivotal role of transformational leadership in maximizing organizational potential in the digital economy. This leadership style not only meets the expectations of a new generation of employees but also enhances enterprises’ adaptability to rapid environmental changes, providing them with a competitive edge in a fiercely competitive market. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on effective leadership strategies in the era of digital transformation, highlighting the need for leaders to adapt to and incorporate dynamic leadership practices.