bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Moderating Role of Social Norms on Tax Compliance Model: A Laboratory Experimental Evidence in Indonesia
Authors: Cahyonowati Nur , Ratmono Dwi , Juliarto Agung
Published: December 2022

This study aims to examine the role of social norms in increasing tax compliance. The traditional model of tax compliance predicts that audits and tax fines are the determinants of tax compliance. This study proposes that social norms would strengthen the effect of the economic factors (i.e., audits and penalties) on tax compliance behavior. Social norms regard tax fraud as incorrect behavior. From an economic perspective, taxpayers consider the social norms because violations of the tax rules bring social pressures that have an economic impact on the perpetrators of tax fraud. This study uses an experimental laboratory method with a 2x2 between subjects factorial design. Our final sample consisted of 198 subjects. This study provides empirical evidence that social norms strengthen the effect of tax fines, hence improving tax compliance. However, this study fails to provide empirical evidence that social norms enhance the effect of the probability of being audited and thus enhance tax compliance. This study contributes to the recent literature about non-standard motivations for tax compliance. Theoretically, this study implies that the standard model of tax compliance is not enough to explain taxpayer compliance behavior. This study also suggests the importance of developing social norms to the policymakers.
The Impact of Internal Marketing on Employee Satisfaction in the Vietnamese Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Ngoc Luu Thi Minh , Phuong Mai Nguyen , Dang Thi Huong , Hien Vu Thi Minh
Published: December 2022

Internal marketing (IM) has become essential in service industries since employees are considered critical to excel in customer service due to fierce competition. Previous studies have examined and proved the role of IM in retaining happy and loyal customers in a variety of industries. However, little research on IM was conducted in the telecommunication industry in both developed and developing countries. Thus, this paper aims to test the impact of IM elements on employee satisfaction in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry, one of the fastest-growing industries in recent years. We developed a research model based on the social exchange theory and adopted seven IM elements from previous studies. Data was collected from a sample of 362 employees working in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry through an online questionnaire survey and analyzed in SmartPLS 3.0 using the PLS-SEM technique to test the hypotheses. Our analysis results showed that reward had the strongest impact on employee satisfaction, followed by internal communication and vision. The least influential factor on employee satisfaction was training and development. On the contrary, fairness was identified not to have statistical significance on employee satisfaction. Thus, practical implications for managers in the telecommunication industry were proposed to promote employee satisfaction and engagement with the company by using IM practices
LEUCOBRYUM GLAUCULUM MOSS AS A BIOSORBENT FOR REMOVAL
OF WATER HARDNESS
Authors: Buljubašić Armin , Stuhli Vedran , Đozić Abdel , Zohorović Mirnesa , Odobašić Amra
Published: December 2022

Water hardness and deposition of incrustation is a problem in households and industry. In this regard,
several technologies have been developed with the purpose of water softening and preventing the
deposition of incrustation. The ion exchange method is the most commonly used method and is
considered a conventional method. However, due to the shortcomings of this method, there is a need to
develop adequate alternative methods. The potential of the method using biosorbents such as moss
Leucobryum glaucum and Spaghnum peat moss for the purpose of removing water hardness has recently
become the subject of intensive research with growing interest. In this study, the method using
Leucobryum glaucum as a biosorbent was tested and a comparison was made with the conventional
method and previously conducted studies that used other biosorbents.
Non-Compliance with Universal Masking Policy by Patients During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Major Threat to Health Care Worker in Pakistan
Authors:   Islamic International Medical College, Burney Shamaila
Published: December 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of patient compliance with universal face mask policy during COVID-19 pandemic using simple observable criteria. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Railway Hospital, Rawalpindi during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic over a period of one month from 15 March 2021 to 15 April 2021. Materials and Methods: A total of 266 patients were recruited from the general population of patients visiting our hospital after undergoing screening for COVID-19 at the filter clinic. Face mask compliance was defined as the wearing of a disposable surgical mask while employing correct techniques as per the World Health Organization and National Institute of Health guidelines for hospital settings. Results: Majority of the patients (79.9%) wore a surgical face mask as recommended for hospital settings. However, only 41% employed the correct mask wearing technique. Patients under strict supervision in outdoor clinics were more likely to wear mask as compared to their indoor counterparts (76.79% vs 51.76%). Correlation was significant at a level of 0.492. One third (34.2%) of the patients did not cover their face, nose, and chin completely. An overwhelming majority (129/183 or 70.49%) admitted reusing the mask multiple times. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that while majority of the general population of patients visiting our hospital wore a face mask, compliance with correct mask wearing technique as per recommended guidelines was poor. Our results support strict implementation of universal masking policies for hospitals in Pakistan as part of a multifaceted strategy to minimize transmission of infection in health care settings.
Dubin’s Curve of RRT* Merged With A*
Authors: Suwoyo Heru , Fahrudin Fahrudin
Published: December 2022

One of the fundamental problems in mobile robotics is a robot path planning of the mobile robot through its environment. Path planning problem for the mobile robot with differential constraints using modified RRT (Rapidly exploring random tree) algorithm based on Dubin’s curves. the planning problem is considered as a problem of finding a feasible path between the initial and goal point in a static environment with obstacles. This process can be conducted either using local information from sensors or by emloying global a-priori known information about robot’s environment. The problem is how to generate a path from the beginning to the destination point gradually during movement using modified RRT (Rapidly exploring random tree) algorithm based on Dubin’s curves. Combining the dubin curve RRT* algorithm with A* is a new method that can calculate the entire path from the starting point of the destination before moving using global information about the map. The purpose of making the path is to make it easier for the operator to determine the path that must be traversed by the robot. The way the robot works is to read the line made by the operator using matlab based on the map, then matlab will calculate the distance of the path to be traversed using an algorithm from the star point to the goal point. Based on the simulation results that have been carried out this method is more efficient when compared to the RRT* or A* algorithms. because this algorithm can produce a path with the shortest path with a fast time to get to the destination point without crashing into obstacles. By adding a new algorithm to find a new path optimally to get a path that is close to optimal by combining and adjusting several feasible paths and also adding a searching-based algorithm, namely A* combined with Dubin Curve- RRT* is sampling based, where the A* algorithm has a function heuristic used to increase the cost and time of searching.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE Hedera helix L. LEAVES GEOMETRY BASED ON SOME DIMENSIONAL PARAMETERS AND CALCULATED RATIOS
Authors: ROSU Simona , SALA Florin
Published: December 2022

The study analyzed leaves of ivy, Hedera helix L., in order to characterize the geometry of the leaves. The leaf samples were taken from the Protected Area "Padurea Cenad", Timis County, Romania. The dimensions of the leaves (L, w) were determined by measurement, with a precision of 0.5 mm. The leaves were scanned, 1:1 ratio. From the analysis of the leaf images, the perimeter (Per) and scanned leaf area (SLA) were determined. The correction factor (CF), specific to ivy leaves, was found (CF=0.69) for the purpose of use in non-destructive methods of measuring the leaf area (MLA) based on a general formula of the type MLA=L·w·CF. The fitting relationship between MLA and SLA was described by a linear equation, under statistical safety conditions (p<0.001). Different ratios between leaf parameters were calculated in order to characterize the leaf geometry (L/w, Per/L, Per/w, SLA/L, SLA/w, SLA/Per, MLA/L, MLA/w). Different levels of correlation between basic leaf parameters, leaf surface and the calculated ratios were identified, with statistical certainty for most cases (p<0.001). Both from the correlation analysis and from the regression analysis, a tighter relationship of MLA with foliar parameters (L, w) was found than in the case of SLA (based on r, R2, F test, and RMSEP values). From the analysis of the values obtained for the coefficient of variation (CV), the highest variability was found in the case of SLA (CVSLA=38.6726), followed by MLA (CVMLA=36.8300), and the lowest variability in the case of the ratio Per/w (CVPer/w=10.1515). The regression analysis facilitated the finding of some equations that described the variation of SLA and MLA with leaf parameters (L, w, Per) in conditions of statistical safety (p<0.001). 3D graphic models and in the form of isoquants were also generated, which represented the MLA variation in relation to the dimensional parameters of the ivy leaves studied.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD TO DETERMINING THE LEAF AREA IN HEMP, Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: BUZNA Ciprian , SALA Florin
Published: December 2022

The evaluation of the leaf surface of hemp leaves, Cannabis sativa L., was the subject of the present study. The biological material was represented by the hemp variety 'Silvana', cultivated in SCDA Lovrin, Romania. Hemp leaves were taken randomly from mature plants. The leaves were herborized immediately after harvesting, in the field, in order to preserve the configuration of the leaves for analysis. Each leaf was scanned in a 1:1 ratio. The leaves were measured in terms of length (in the direction of the central leaflet) and width (maximum opening of the leaflets). For the measurement, a precision of ±0.5 mm was ensured. The scanned leaves were analyzed and the perimeter (Per) and scanned leaf area (SLA) were obtained. The correction factor (CF) was determined in order to be used for calculating the measured leaf area (MLA) by non-destructive methods. The value CF=0.27 was found, where the error as the difference between MLA and SLA (considered as a reference) was minimal (ME=0.87 cm2). The calculation of the RMSEP parameter confirmed the value of the correction factor (0.27), at which the RMSEP value was the minimum (RMSEP=9.74929). The fitting relationship between MLA and SLA was described by a linear equation, under conditions of R2=0.952, p<0.001. Polynomial equations of the 3rd degree described the interdependence relationship between SLA and parameters L (R2=0.932) and w (R=0.964) of the leaves, and a polynomial equation of the 2nd degree described the relationship between SLA and Per (R2=0.995). Stronger correlation levels were identified between MLA and dimensional parameters of leaves (L, w; r=0.969 for MLA with L; r=0.974 for MLA with w), than between SLA and dimensional parameters of hemp leaves (r =0.927 for SLA with L; r=0.957 for SLA with w). This difference can be explained based on the methods of determining SLA (by scanning) and MLA (by measurement, based on L, w, CF), MLA having a direct relationship between L and w from the calculation relationship, a fact that confirms the usefulness of the work method.
CHARACTERIZATION OF VEGETATION AND PREDICTION OF BIOMASS PRODUCTION IN SILAGE CORN CROP BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGES
Authors: HERBEI Mihai Valentin , POPESCU Cosmin Alin , SALA Florin
Published: December 2022

The study used methods based on remote sensing to analyze the dynamics of a silage corn crop and predict biomass production. The corn crop, the Micado hybrid, was organized within the Didactic and Experimental Station of the "King Mihai I" University of Life Sciences in Timisoara, under the specific conditions of the 2021-2022 agricultural year. The soil in the crop plot was of chernozem type, and the crop was in a non-irrigated system. To obtain the satellite data, the Sentinel 2 system was used. To characterize the plot and the crop of silage corn, 14 sets of images were taken, in the interval March - July 2022. From the analysis of the images, the spectral data were obtained, and based on the consecrated formulas MSAVI, NDMI, NDVI and NBR indexes were calculated. The ANOVA test confirmed the reliability of the data and the presence of variance in the data set (F>Fcrit, p<0.001, for Alpha=0.001). The level of correlations identified between the calculated indices was between r=0.967 (NBR with NDVI) and r=0.996 (NDVI with MSAVI). The variation of the NBR index, in relation to the other indices, was described by linear equations, in terms of statistical safety (R2=0.965, p<0.001, in relation to MSAVI; R2=0.989, p<0.001 in relation to NDMI; R2=0.934, p<0.001 in relation to NDVI). The variation of indices in relation to time (t, days) during the study period was described by polynomial equations of the 3rd degree, in terms of statistical safety (R2=0.964 for MSAVI, R2=0.934 for NDMI, R2=0.941 for NDVI, and R2=0.961 for NBR). Regression analysis facilitated obtaining some equations, as models for predicting biomass production, under conditions of statistical safety. Based on the RMSEP parameter, it was found that the most reliable level of production prediction was obtained in the case of MSAVI and NDMI indices (RMSEP=0.05923).
PHENOTYPIC RESPONSE OF SPRING WHEAT PERSPECTIVE LINE GENOTYPES TO DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Authors: RACZ Ionut , HIRISCAU Diana , KADAR Rozalia , BERINDEAN Ioana
Published: December 2022

Spring wheat can be a viable alternative for satisfying the agri-food market. A performant genotype is characterized by high adaptability to different environmental conditions, high grain yield capacity, and yield stability. Three new spring wheat genotypes created at Agricultural Research and Development Station from Turda were tested in six different field conditions at the State Institute for Testing and Registration of Varieties Centres for plant physiological attributes, yield, and quality indices in comparation with Pădureni variety. Regarding the vegetation period, the new spring wheat varieties have the same growing season as the control genotype, with minor differences being observed for the generative stage. Thousand kernel weight has a large variability between test centers for all studied genotypes and in the hectolitre weight and grain yield. Based on the correlation coefficient the rainfalls from the second decade of May have a positive influence on the grain yield level, respectively the rainfalls from the second decade of June influenced negative hectolitre weight. Compared to the control genotype- Pădureni- the three new genotypes are productively superior with 21 to 33%. The quality indices for studied spring wheat genotypes are close to the control genotype which means that improvement of grain yield was achieved without sacrificing its quality.
FEED QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY IN SOME VARIETIES OF ITALIAN RYEGRASS- LOLIUM MULTIFLORUM LAM.
Authors: BOSTAN Cristian , RECHITEAN Dorin , ISTRATE-SCHILLER Christianna , HORABLAGA Nicolae Marinel , BORDEAN Maria-Despina , HORABLAGA Adina , BOSTAN PINISOARA Natasa , COJOCARIU Luminita
Published: December 2022

The Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) provide a large amount of feed per surface unit due to its high productivity. Due to its wide use, a number of varieties are found on the market, the farmer being put in the situation to choose between those varieties that best meet the needs of his own farm. In this context, the paper aims to evaluate the production capacity at anthesis and the content of feed in protein and fiber in two vegetation phenophases in three varieties of Italian ryegrass. Three varieties were used as biological material; two tetraploids (Linos and Ivan) and one diploid variety (Sprint), grown under the conditions of Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin, Romania. According to the research, the tetraploid varieties Linos and Ivan are more productive than the diploid variety Sprint. The Linos variety behaved the best, which in the anthesis phenophase (BBCH65) recorded a production of 92 t.ha-1, with the feed containing 8.7 % protein and 36 % fiber. Regarding the protein and fiber content, the varieties analyzed are grouped according to the harvesting phase: BBCH49 and BBCH65. The highest content in the protein was found in the BBCH49 phenophase and decreased in the BBCH65 phenophase as the fiber content increased. These results can be useful for the farmer in making decisions on the choice of varieties of Lolium multiflorum Lam. and the harvest period.
Human Monkeypox Outbreak in Non-Endemic Countries: The Need for Global Health Action
Authors: CA Onyeaghala , MO Iroezindu
Published: December 2022

Monkeypox (MPX) is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by the MPX virus (MPXV), a member of the orthopoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family. Before 2022, local transmission of MPX was essentially limited to the rainforest regions of Central and West Africa where the disease is known to be endemic1. The MPXV is a large DNA virus that is very stable and more efficient than many RNA viruses at detecting and repairing mutations. This makes the virus less prone to higher transmissibility unlike RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-22. Prior to the 2022 outbreak, two distinct clades of the MPXV were recognized: the Congo Basin (Central African) and the West African clades, otherwise known as Clades I and II in the newly proposed nomenclature. The Congo Basin clade is associated with a higher transmission rate and higher case fatality rate (CFR) of about 11% compared to the West African clade with an estimated CFR of 1%2. The first case of MPX in the ongoing 2022 epidemic among non-endemic countries was reported in the United Kingdom (UK) by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) on 7 May 2022, in a returning traveler from Nigeria. Subsequent cases discovered one week later in London were unrelated to the index case and had no travel links to endemic regions in Africa3. Since then, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported more than 64,300 cases outside Africa in over 90 countries across Europe, the Americas and the West Pacific Regions4. On 23 July 2022, the WHO declared MPX a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). A newly discovered Clade IIb among the circulating strains of MPXV in non-endemic countries has been reported to have similarities with the West African clade but with higher transmissibility1. The WHO projects detection of more cases as surveillance is enhanced to involve more non-endemic countries4. This is surprisingly occurring at a time several countries are lifting COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns with increased international travels.
Re-examination of Cambaroides koshewnikowi and C. wladiwostokiensis with Morphological Observations of the Antennules and Gastric Mill of the Cambaroididae
Authors: Kawai Tadashi , Barabanshchikov Evgeny
Published: December 2022

The syntypes of the freshwater crayfish, Cambaroides koshewnikowi (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1934) and C. wladiwostokiensis (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1934), held in the Zoological Museum of Moscow University are re-examined, the type series are described and illustrated. Detailed information on geographical distribution, natural habitat and fecundity of Russian cambaroid species are provided. Also, morphological features of the gastric mill and the lateral ramus of the antennule of Cambaroides are exhibited for future examination of their phylogeny.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF COMPOUND B-47/2 CONTAINING AZOMETHINE GROUP ON ANGIOGENESIS
Authors: BUCAK Efe Taha , TUNÇBİLEK Zuhal , HUSEYNZADA Alakbar , AGHAYEV Mirjavid , HASANOVA Ulviyya , TAŞ Ayça , SİLİĞ Yavuz
Published: December 2022

Objective: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. It is known that angiogenesis plays a role in the development and metastasis of lung cancer. The anticancer properties of azomethine derivatives known as Schiff bases have been demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the newly synthesized azomethine derivative compound B-47/2 on lung cancer and to determine the effect of this component on VEGFB gene expression. Material and Method: Compound B-47/2 was synthesized for the first time. B-47/2 compound was applied to lung cancer cell line A549 at varying concentrations (1-100 µg/mL) and its anticancer activity was found after 24, 48 and 72 incubations using the MTT method. The IC50 dose of B-47/2 was applied to the cells and RNA isolation followed by cDNA synthesis was performed. Then, RT-PCR method was used to determine the expression level of VEGF gene. Results: As a result, it was determined that the B-47/2 compound applied to the A-549 cell line showed the highest cytotoxic activity after 72 hours of incubation. In addition, it was determined that the B-47/2 compound decreased the expression of the VEGFB gene. Discussion: There are studies in which the anticancer activity of azomethine derivatives has been observed. The topic of synthesizing new drugs to prevent cancer is popular. We suggested that the newly synthesized component may have anticancer activity and may be effective on angiogenesis.
El (excepcional) reconocimiento del derecho de secesión en el derecho comparado
Authors: Ruiz Miguel Carlos
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo postula como punto de partida la diferenciación conceptual entre el “derecho de secesión”, entendido como un derecho cuya fuente es el Derecho nacional, y el “derecho de autodeterminación” que se considera que tiene su fuente en el Derecho internacional. Sobre esa base se examina el reconocimiento excepcional del derecho de secesión en el Derecho Comparado. En el presente estudio se examinan en primer lugar los rarísimos casos y formas en los que el derecho de secesión ha sido reconocido por el Derecho Constitucional de un Estado con resultados poco encomiables. Tras ello se estudian los supuestos y formas en los que se ha reconocido el derecho de secesión por instrumentos jurídicos internos en contradicción con la Constitución del Estado del que la entidad en cuestión se ha separado. En este último supuesto no sólo existe una variedad de modalidades sino también una incongruente práctica en el reconocimiento de estas acciones por el resto de los Estados
Ignacio Bel Mallén: La ética informativa: un reto en la era de la posverdad
Authors: Corredoira y Alfonso Loreto
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro de Ignacio Bel Mallén: La ética informativa: un reto en la era de la posverdad, Valencia, Editorial Tirant Humanidades, 2021.
José Ángel Camisón Yagüe: Constitución económica: transformaciones y retos
Authors: Soriano Moreno Silvia
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro de José Ángel Camisón Yagüe: Constitución económica: transformaciones y retos, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2021, 115 págs.
Gender Peculiarities of GULAG Perception: Comparative Content Analysis of Oral and Written Memories
Authors: Goretskaia Ekaterina Mikhailovna
Published: December 2022

The memoirs of GULAG prisoners are an underestimated source on the history of repression in the USSR, although written and oral memories allow a deeper understanding of what prisoners had to go through and complement the dry and incomplete data from official sources. In this study the memoirs of prisoners published on the resource of the Sakharov Center "Memories of the GULAG and their authors" and transcripts of video interviews with the repressed of the project "My GULAG" of the GULAG History Museum were used as a source. The paper analyzes the features of working with written and oral memories. The comparison of the results of content analysis in groups by gender as well as by the form of fixation of memories - written (memoirs) and oral (interview materials) – was carried out to identify various gender characteristics of perception and broadcasting of camp life. The analysis suggests that despite the gender differences in the perception and translation of the camp stage of life by men and women in written and oral memories the global view of former prisoners on the period of repression does not depend on gender or on the form of fixation of memories. The more texts of memoirs and transcripts of memories there are in the group, and the larger the group of texts is studied, the more common features of the perception of camp life appear. This confirms the hypothesis about the massive nature of large arrays of thematically similar texts.
Cultural memory as a concept and phenomenon: the foundations of conceptualization
Authors: Yarychev Nasrudi Uvaisovich
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to cultural memory, on the one hand, as the most optimal concept denoting a socially determined form of supra–individual memory, and, on the other hand, as a theoretical construct (structural and functional model) denoted by this concept. Cultural memory is understood as a type of supra-individual memory that accumulates collective, value-significant memories, intentionally preserved and transmitted in mytho-symbolic forms. The main features of cultural memory include: conservatism, collectivism, presentism, symbolism, anti-historicity, written character, artificiality, institutionality, expert character, sacredness. The functional potential of cultural memory is realized in the following functions: accumulative, integrative, identification, interpretive, stabilization.The scientific novelty of the presented article is reduced to several positions. Firstly, to substantiate the concept of "cultural memory" as the most optimal (in comparison with the concepts of "historical memory", "social memory", "collective memory", etc.) to designate one of the types of supra-individual memory. The advantages of this concept are: broad semantic coverage, fixation of the collective, social and constructed nature of memories. Secondly, to conceptualize the phenomenon of "cultural memory", to determine its essential features and functional potential. As the main conclusion of the article, the following can be noted. In the context of the terminological and conceptual diversity of memory studies, it is extremely important to determine the categorical foundations of memorial research, fixing the content, structural, functional boundaries of the phenomena studied. In relation to supra-individual memory, this is especially important, mainly due to the presence of a very wide range of its conceptual and meaningful interpretation. In the article we offer our reasoned vision of the phenomenon of supra–individual memory, in particular one of its forms - cultural memory as a special reservoir of collective, social, value-significant memories, intentionally preserved and transmitted in mytho-symbolic forms.
SANAT VE TASARIM ALANINDA YARDIMCI BİR ÖĞRETİM ARACI OLARAK ARTIRILMIŞ GERÇEKLİK
Authors: COŞKUN Cumhur
Published: December 2022

Birçok farklı alanda kullanılan Artırılmış Gerçeklik uygulamaları sanat ve tasarım alanında motive edici bir eğitim aracına dönüşebilmektedir. Mobil tabanlı öğrenme sunabilmesi, farklı öğrenme fırsatları yaratması ve aktif öğrenmeyi teşvik etmesi gibi nedenlerle uygun ve anlamlı bir şekilde kullanıldığı sürece Artırılmış Gerçeklik teknolojisinin öğrenmeye genişlik ve derinlik katma yeteneği vardır. Bu makalede, Artırılmış Gerçekliğin sanat ve tasarım eğitiminde kullanılmasının avantajlarını, kullanıcı indirme sayılarına, beğenilere ve popülerliğine göre değerlendirilip seçilen örnekler üzerinden açıklanmıştır. Seçilen uygulamalar örgün eğitimin her kademesini destekler nitelikte içerikler barındırmaktadır. Eğitimin birçok alanı için Artırılmış Gerçeklik kullanımı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar bulunurken, sanat ve tasarım alanı içerisinde mobil uygulamalar üzerinden yapılan bir Artırılmış Gerçeklik araştırmasının öğrenme ve öğretme deneyimi üzerine farklı bir bakış açısı getireceği düşünülmektedir. Yapılan araştırma, Artırılmış Gerçeklik yoluyla oluşturulan yöntemlerin literatür analizini ve ilgili alanda kullanılan AG uygulamalarının öğretim aracı olarak yeni yollarını göstermektedir.
ÇAĞDAŞ SANATTA DOĞANIN İZLERİNE DAİR BİREYSEL SÖYLEMLER
Authors: BİNGÖL Mehtap
Published: December 2022

Doğa, sınırsız farklı biçimleri ile her zaman sanatçılara ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde doğa, bünyesinde barındırdığı matematik ve geometri içeren sonsuz düzeneği ile öğretici bir kimlik de taşımaktadır. Sanat yapıtlarında doğa çözümlerine Rönesans’tan güncel sanat akımlarına kadar hemen hemen her dönem rastlanılmaktadır. Empresyonizm ile 1870’li yıllarda doğanın kompozisyonları değişen ışık değerleri göz önünde bulundurularak anlık olarak resmedilmiş ve kübizmde ise doğa geometrik bir çözümleme ile ele alınmıştır. Art Povera (yoksul sanat) ile sanat dünyasına doğadan gelen gerçek nesnelerin dayandığı kavram üzerinden süreçteki değişimlerine odaklanan yeni bir anlayış ortaya çıkarken, arazi sanatı, çevresel sanat, ekolojik sanat, yeryüzü sanatı gibi yeni sanat hareketleriyle insan-doğa ve yaşam ilişkileri önem kazanmıştır. Bu bağlamda doğayı odağına alan sanatsal ifadelerde hem doğal çevrenin tahribatına yönelik bir farkındalık oluşturmaya çalışılmış hem de doğanın kendisi üzerinde doğaya yapılan müdahalelerle kavramlar/fikirler öne sürülmüştür. Çalışmanın amacı, çağdaş sanatta doğaya yönelik çözümlemelere odaklanan sanatçıların eserleri üzerine okumalar gerçekleştirmektir. Araştırma bu kapsamda Nils Udo, Anna Garforth, Yong Ju Lee, Katerina Apale, Shona Wilson, Catriona Pollard ve Georgia O’Keeffe’nin sanat anlayışlarına odaklanmaktadır. Ayrıca, araştırmacı tarafından yapılan eserlerdeki doğaya yönelik izler, biçim ve içerik yönünden açıklanmaktadır. Makalede betimsel yöntem ve tarama modeli kullanılarak, durumlar üzerinde herhangi bir değişiklik yapılmadan elde edilen bulgular olduğu gibi sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma, hem birebir doğayı deneyimleyen sanatçıların yapıtlarını ve doğadan esinlene/yorumla görsel biçime dönüşen eserleri analiz etmek hem de doğanın sanattaki yansımasını ortaya koyabilmek açısından önem taşımaktadır.
REFLECTIONS OF THE POST-TRUTH PERIOD ON POLITICAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: ÜNAL ERZEN Meltem
Published: December 2022

Hakikat Ötesi, Hakikat Sonrası veya Gerçeğin/Hakikatin Önemsizleştirilmesi olarak Türkçeye çevrilen Post-Truth teriminin yeni olmamasına rağmen, konuyla ilgili araştırma sayısının 2016 yılından itibaren artmasıyla birlikte gelinen noktada, alan araştırmacılarının daha çok ilgisini çekmeye başlayan bir kavram olmuştur.

Literatürde, bir yandan kavram özelinde toplumsal çalışmalar yapılırken ve Post-Truth çağında yaşadığımız savunulurken, diğer yandan karşıt görüşler de alan araştırmalarında yer almaktadır.

Post-Truth kavramı, içinde yalanı barındıran bir kavramdır ve yalanların gerçekmiş gibi sunulduğu kompleks bir durumu açıklamaya çalışır, burada ilginç olan ise özellikle siyasilerin yalana başvurmasından ziyade halkın bu duruma, yalan olduğunu bilse bile hoşgörülü yaklaşmasıdır.

Günümüzde halk bilgi kaynağı olarak kitle iletişim araçlarını kullanmakta, araştırmalarını bu mecrada yapmaktadır. Kolay anlaşılır, zahmetsiz, teknik terimlerden uzak, sürükleyici, heyecanlandırıcı ve fakat temelsiz, kaynaksız ve niteliksiz bilgi yığınları, forumlar, sosyal medya ortamları aracılığıyla kısa sürede binlerce kişiye ulaşmaktadır. Bundan dolayı bilginin kaynağı belirsizleşmekte, bilginin kontrolü akademiden çıkmakta, sunulanlar alıcılar tarafından yalan olup olmadığına dair şüphe duymadan hap gibi alınmasına neden olmaktadır. İşte bu ortamlarda da zemin Post-Truth için daha elverişli hâle gelmektedir ve bu durumun siyasetle ilişkilendirilmesi kaçınılmazdır.

Bu çalışmada, sosyolojik açıdan etkisi henüz araştırılan Post-Truth döneminin özelliklerinin çokça yer bulduğu siyasi arenaya ve doğası gereği başat olarak siyasal iletişime yansımalarına ve etkisine dikkat çekilmek istenmiştir.
Reglamento autónomo en la propuesta de Constitución de 2022: Una isla de despotismo. Afección al equilibrio de poderes, al principio de legalidad y a las garantías de los ciudadanos. Análisis basado en el texto, contexto e historia fidedigna de su establecimiento.
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vergara Blanco Alejandro
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo abarca el desarrollo de las tres bases de la democracia, las que son a la vez los tres valores esenciales de la disciplina del Derecho administrativo. Se trata nada menos que de la separación de poderes, del principio de legalidad y del respeto de los derechos y garantías de los ciudadanos, los que observo de manera comparada y sintética tanto en la Constitución vigente como en la fallida propuesta de Constitución de 2022. El foco de atención de este documento es la revisión del caso específico del reglamento autónomo en la señalada fallida propuesta de Constitución de 2022, la posición en que quedaría entre las fuentes del Derecho, los eventuales mecanismos de control de este, las consecuencias en la institucionalidad y en la praxis del Derecho administrativo. Este es un análisis dogmático basado en el texto, contexto e historia fidedigna de los artículos conexos con la materia.
Energetic Efficiency of Forest Transport as a Tool for Sustainable Management of the Activity
Authors: Schettino Stanley , Gonçalves Thais Sales , Lima Roldão Carlos Andrade , Minette Luciano José , Figueiredo Rafael Dos Santos
Published: December 2022

Background: The global interest in reducing fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is not recent. Under this light, this study aimed to correlate the energetic efficiency of wood transport, using the specific fuel consumption, with the variables wood drying time, truck power, fuel consumption and transport distance, in addition to adjusting equations for estimating energetic efficiency of the activity.

Study Design and Methodology:  From a database of a forest transport company operating in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, the results of 1,387 trips were compiled, with an average distance of 110 km, using forest bi-train and tri-train trucks, with which simulations were carried out considering the effect of wood drying time in the field, fuel consumption, truck power and transport distance on the energetic efficiency of wood transport.

Results: The results showed the existence of a strong negative correlation between the drying time of the wood in the field, the fuel consumption of the trucks and the increase in power in them and the energetic efficiency of the wood transport. Moreover, every 10 days of drying the wood in the field there is, on average, a 2.0% reduction in the moisture content of the wood and, as a consequence, an improvement of 2.8% in the energetic efficiency of wood transport, keeping the other conditions constant. Additionally, it was verified that a reduction of around 10% in fuel consumption is capable of providing an improvement of around 9.0% in the energetic efficiency of the activity; and that an increase of 20 CV in the power of the trucks represents a possible gain of up to 4.4% in the energetic efficiency of the wood transport activity, keeping all other variables constant.

Conclusion: It is concluded that the search for improvement in the energetic efficiency of the wood transport activity can represent an important tool for a management model based on the principles of sustainability by providing greater efficiency in fuel consumption and its associated benefits, such as the reduction of CO2 emissions per unit of wood transported.
Venous catheterization complications in pediatrics: bibliometric aspects / Complicações da cateterização venosa em pediatria: aspectos bibliométricos
Authors: Silva Viviane Reis Fontes da , Santiago Luiz Carlos
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: analisar a produção intelectual sobre as complicações da cateterização venosa pediátrica, disponibilizada na base Scopus. Método: estudo bibliométrico que abordou a produção registrada eletronicamente em base, de 1972 a 2022, com análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: recuperou-se 1077 artigo publicados em 408 periódicos. A média de autoria por artigo foi de 4,68. A Enfermagem contribuiu com 19 (1,7%) documentos da área de Saúde. Conclusão: os dados apresentados demonstram o baixo nível de interesse da comunidade científico pelo assunto. Não foi possível identificar um grupo de Elite de Autores. O estudo mostra que há dispersão na produção de periódicos. Apenas a primeira zona de Bradford obedece à Teoria de Bradford. A contribuição quantitativa da enfermagem é insignificante quando compara à medicina.
Trends in Reported Health Care Affordability for Men and Women With Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Coverage in the US, 2000 to 2020
Authors: Gupta Avni , Pagán José A.
Published: December 2022

This study uses National Health Interview Survey data from 2000 to 2020 to examine reported differences between US men and women aged 19 to 64 years with employer-sponsored insurance in obtaining affordable health care.
Racial Disparities in School Belonging and Prospective Associations With Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Chen Edith , Lam Phoebe H. , Yu Tianyi , Brody Gene H.
Published: December 2022

Importance

School belonging has important implications for academic, psychological, and health outcomes, but the associations between racial disparities in school belonging and health have not been explored to date.

Objective

To examine associations between school-level racial disparities in belonging and cardiometabolic health into adulthood in a national sample of Black and White children, adolescents, and young adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Prospective cohort study of a US national sample of 4830 Black and White students (National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health) followed up for 13 years. The study was conducted from 1994 to 1995 for wave 1 and in 2008 for wave 4. Data were analyzed from June 14 to August 13, 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures

School-level racial disparities in belonging at baseline were calculated as the mean level of school belonging for Black students minus the mean level of school belonging for White students at the school that they attended when they were aged 12 to 20 years. Diabetes and metabolic syndrome were measured as outcomes for these same participants at 24 to 32 years of age.

Results

The study included 4830 students. For wave 1, mean (SD) age was 16.1 (1.7) years, and for wave 4, 29.0 (1.7) years. A total of 2614 (54.1%) were female, 2219 were non-Hispanic Black (45.9%), and 2611 were non-Hispanic White (54.1%). Among Black students, attending a school with a greater Black-White disparity in school belonging (more negative scores) was associated with an increased risk for diabetes (odds ratio, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.46-0.95]) and more risk factors for metabolic syndrome (rate ratio, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.90-1.00]) in adulthood 13 years later. These associations persisted above individual-level controls (age, sex, and body mass index) and school-level controls (school size, percentage of Black students, and percentage of Black teachers) and were not explained by either an individual’s own perception of school belonging or the mean level of belonging across the whole school.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this prospective cohort study of US students, racial disparities in school belonging were associated with risks for diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Black students. Among students, fostering a more equal sense of school belonging across racial groups may have implications for health disparities in the cardiometabolic domain into adulthood.
Patterns in Prescription Opioids, Benzodiazepines, and Stimulants Filled by Pregnant Medicaid Beneficiaries
Authors: Meinhofer Angélica , Martinez Meralis Lantigua , Palmsten Kristin
Published: December 2022

This study analyzes patterns in prescriptions filled by pregnant Medicaid beneficiaries for opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants.
Downregulation of SF3B2 protects CNS neurons in models of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jeong Ye Eun , Rajbhandari Labchan , Kim Byung Woo , Venkatesan Arun , Hoke Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Objective

Neurodegeneration induced by inflammatory stress in multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to long‐term neurological disabilities that are not amenable to current immunomodulatory therapies.

Methods and Results

Here, we report that neuronal downregulation of Splicing factor 3b subunit 2 (SF3B2), a component of U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), preserves retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and axonal integrity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)‐induced mice. By employing an in vitro system recapitulating the inflammatory environment of MS lesion, we show that when SF3B2 levels are downregulated, cell viability and axon integrity are preserved in cortical neurons against inflammatory toxicity. Notably, knockdown of SF3B2 suppresses the expression of injury‐response and necroptosis genes and prevents activation of Sterile Alpha and TIR Motif Containing 1 (Sarm1), a key enzyme that mediates programmed axon degeneration.

Interpretation

Together, these findings suggest that the downregulation of SF3B2 is a novel potential therapeutic target to prevent secondary neurodegeneration in MS.
Observer‐based single‐network incremental adaptive dynamic programming for fault‐tolerant control of nonlinear systems with actuator faults
Authors: Zhang Shaojie , Ji Kun , Zhang Han
Published: December 2022

A model‐free incremental adaptive fault‐tolerant control (FTC) scheme is proposed for a class of nonlinear systems with actuator faults. To deal with actuator faults and guarantee the approximate optimal performance of the nominal nonlinear system without any prior knowledge of system dynamics, a single‐network incremental adaptive dynamic programming (SIADP) algorithm based on incremental neural network observer is developed to design an active fault‐tolerant control (AFTC) policy. An approximate linear time‐varying system is obtained by incremental nonlinear technique, in which the relevant matrix parameters are identified by recursive least square estimation. Then, a SIADP algorithm‐based fault‐tolerant controller is developed. Based on the redundancy characteristic and function of actuators, a grouping scheme of actuators is introduced. An incremental neural network observer is designed to approximate the actuator faults. The novel SIADP scheme is constructed with a simplified single critic neural network to shorten the learning time and decrease the computational burden in the control process, in which the norm of the weight estimations of critic neural network is updated. Moreover, based on the Lyapunov theorem, the uniformly ultimately bounded stability of the closed‐loop incremental system is proved. Finally, simulations are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed FTC scheme.
Photosynthetic Cyanobacteria can Clearly Induce Efficient Muscle Tissue Regeneration of Bioprinted Cell‐Constructs
Authors: Hwangbo Hanjun , Lee Hyeongjin , Jin Eun‐Ju , Jo Yunju , Son Jigyeong , Woo Han Min , Ryu Dongryeol , Kim Geun Hyung
Published: December 2022

Tissue engineering strategies using cell‐laden constructs have shown promising results in the treatment of various types of damaged tissues. However, inadequate oxygen delivery to the macroscale 3D cell‐constructs for regenerating skeletal muscle tissue has remained a multiplex issue owing to the pivotal factors including cell metabolism and several regulatory intercellular pathways that eventually influence various cellular activities and determines cell phenotype. To overcome this issue, a photosynthetic cyanobacterium (Synechococcus elongatus) is employed in a methacrylated gelatin bioink. Furthermore, to effectively induce cell alignment in the bioink, in situ electric field stimulation is used in a bioprinting system to fabricate cell‐laden scaffolds for regenerating skeletal muscle tissue. Owing to the synergistic effects of the bioactive microenvironment that rescues cells from hypoxic conditions and activations of voltage‐gated ion channels, highly aligned, multi‐nucleated myofibers are obtained as well as significant upregulation (7–10‐fold) of myogenic‐related genes compared with conventionally prepared cell‐constructs. In addition, in vivo studies using a mouse volumetric muscle loss model demonstrate considerable restoration of muscle functionality and regeneration.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Organic Ternary Heterojunction Nanoparticles Featuring a Compact Alloy‐Like Phase
Authors: Yang Yujie , Li Donghui , Cai Jinlong , Wang Hui , Guo Chuanhang , Wen Shang , Li Wei , Wang Tao , Liu Dan
Published: December 2022

Organic semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) are attractive photocatalysts to produce hydrogen from water splitting. Herein, a ternary strategy of incorporating crystalline n‐type molecule IDMIC‐4F into the host system made of p‐type polymer PM6 and n‐type molecule ITCC‐M is demonstrated. ITCC‐M and IDMIC‐4F form compact alloy‐like composite with shorter lattice spacing in the ternary p/n heterojunction NPs, resulting in enhanced exciton dissociation and charge transfer characteristics. As the result, an unprecedented hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 307 mmol h−1 g−1 and a maximum apparent quantum efficiency of 5.9% at 600 nm are achieved in the optimized ternary NPs (PM6:ITCC‐M:IDMIC‐4F = 1:1.3:0.2), which is among the highest HER from organic photocatalysts to the best of the authors’ knowledge. The alloy‐like composite also improves the operational stability of ternary NP photocatalysts. This study shows that synergizing two compatible n‐type small molecules to form alloy‐like composite is a promising approach to design novel organic photocatalysts for boosting the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency.
Atomic Insights of Self‐Healing in Silicon Nanowires
Authors: Cui Junfeng , Sun Yang , Chen Huixin , Yang Yingying , Chen Guoxin , Ke Peiling , Nishimura Kazuhito , Yang Yong , Tang Chun , Jiang Nan
Published: December 2022

The self‐healing capability is highly desirable in semiconductors to develop advanced devices with improved stability and longevity. In this study, the automatic self‐healing in silicon nanowires is reported, which are one of the most important building blocks for high‐performance semiconductor nanodevices. A recovery of fracture strength (10.1%) on fractured silicon nanowires is achieved, which is demonstrated by in situ transmission electron microscopy tensile tests. The self‐healing mechanism and factors governing the self‐healing efficiency are revealed by a combination of atomic‐resolution characterizations and atomistic simulations. Spontaneous rebonding, atomic rearrangement, and van der Waals attraction are responsible for the self‐healing in silicon nanowires. Additionally, the self‐healing efficiency is affected by the fracture surface roughness, the nanowire size, the nanowire orientation, and the passivation of dangling bonds on fracture surfaces. These new findings shed light on the self‐healing mechanism of silicon nanowires and provide new insights into developing high‐lifetime and high‐security semiconductor devices.