bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced myometrial vascularity
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Richtárová Adéla , Hlinecká Kristýna , Lisá Zdeňka , Boudová Barbora , Kocián Roman , Kaván Jan , Mára Michal
Published: September 2022

Objective: Case report of a gynecologically polymorbid patient with enhanced myometrial vascularity, and review of current scientific literature on incidence, diagnostic method, and management of this phenomenon. Case report: A 38-year-old patient that has been treated long-term for secondary sterility with a medical history of laparotomic cytoreduction surgery for adenomyosis and subsequent development and treatment of postoperative intrauterine adhesions. Currently presenting with enhanced myometrial vascularity after spontaneous abortion. For symptomatic prolonged course of the observation period without tendency for spontaneous regression and risk of acute hemorrhage, she was initially indicated for selective embolization of uterine arteries and consecutive definitive treatment via hysteroscopic resection. Conclusion: Due to low incidence and tendency for spontaneous resorption, early recognition, and correct management of enhanced myometrial vascularity, it still represents a medical challenge. Key words: enhanced myometrial vascularity – retained products of conception – uterine artery embolization – hysteroscopy
Amniotic fluid embolism – review and multicentric case analysis
Authors:   Institute for Mother and Child Care, 3rd Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, Heřman Hynek , Tefr Faridová Adéla , Volfová Martina , Hostinská Eliška , Džuponová Gabriela , Pilka Radovan
Published: September 2022

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare and often fatal obstetric complication, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, dyspnea, seizures, mental alteration or coma and laboratory and clinically diagnosed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Patient’s reaction is typically biphasic with initial pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure, followed by left ventricular failure during or immediately right after labor. Early recognition of AFE is critical to a successful survival. Aggressive shock management is needed in collaboration with an anesthesiologist. Several aspects of the condition remain a controversy. This review critically examines, from the best available evidence, the current knowledge regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and available treatment of AFE. This diagnosis still determines perinatal morbidity and mortality and potential permanent neurological symptoms for surviving patients. Key words: amniotic fluid embolism – disseminated intravascular coagulation – meconium – Zinc-coproporphyrin
SARS-CoV-2 placentitis as a cause of intrauterine death of a fetus in a patient with covid-19 infection and ongoing HELLP syndrome
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nemocnice Znojmo p. o., Czech Republic, Kouřilová Jana , Hylmarová Julie
Published: September 2022

Objective: We hereby present a case of intrauterine death of a fetus due to placental damage by placentitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in ongoing covid-19 disease and HELLP syndrome. Case report: In this case report, we describe a patient who experienced intrauterine death of a fetus and the development of HELLP syndrome in ongoing covid-19 infection. Placentitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection was identified as the cause of intrauterine death of a fetus. After the end of pregnancy, a patient experienced an improvement in the symptoms of covid-19 and also a gradual improvement and adjustment of laboratory and coagulation parameters. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy can be complicated by the development of SARS-CoV-2 placenitis, which can cause intrauterine death of a fetus. Covid-19 infection can even have similar signs to HELLP syndrome and therefore careful monitoring of pregnant women with covid-19 is recommended. Key words: placentitis – covid-19 – pregnancy – HELLP syndrome
Cephalothoracoomphalopagus – a rare type of conjoined twins from the pathologist’s perspective
Authors:   Department of Pathology and Anatomy, FN Bulovka, Prague, Czech Republic, Krajíčková Michaela , Špůrková Zuzana
Published: September 2022

Objective: Case description and autopsy finding in conjoined twins diagnosed in the 24th week of pregnancy. Results: We report a case of a 31-year-old primigravida who was referred to the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at our hospital with a presumptive dia gnosis of conjoined twins. The ultrasound examination with subsequent three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction demonstrated twin gestation complicated by cephalothoracoomphalopagus. Observations demonstrated that the twins were joined over an area that extended from the head to the thoraces down to the central abdomen. In view of multiple congenital malformations incompatible with postnatal life, the pregnancy was terminated. The twins then underwent an autopsy at the Department of Pathology and the autopsy confirmed previous diagnosis. Conclusion: Cephalothoracoomphalopagus is one of the rarest forms of conjoined twins with unknown incidence due to a very small number of documented cases. Key words: pregnancy – conjoined twins – autopsy
The role of power morcellation in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Boudová Barbora , Richtárová Adéla , Frühauf Filip , Fischerová Daniela , Mára Michal
Published: September 2022

Objective: To summarize recent data and knowledge of laparoscopic power morcellation. Methods: Review of articles. Results: Laparoscopic morcellation has been introduced to gynecologic surgery in 90’s. In 2014, Food and Drug Administration announced negative statement about the morcellation use due to the risk of potential spreading of malignant tumor cells. This statement reduced utilization of morcellation, especially in the United States. Since that, many health institutions and organizations started new researches focused on the safety of this surgical technique. After a couple of years, the morcellation is considered as a useful tool if certain rules are followed. Conclusion: Morcellation has a place in laparoscopic operative procedures even in 2022, in condition of correct selection of patients and possible utilization of contained in-bag morcellation. Key words: hysterectomy – laparoscopy – morcellation – myomectomy
Uterine perforation during intrauterine procedures and its management
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Neratovice Hospital, Czech Republic, Driák Daniel , Sehnal Borek , Jarošová Lucie , Dvořáčková Karolína
Published: September 2022

Objective: Uterine perforation is a potential, not rare complication of all intrauterine procedures and may be associated with injury of surrounding organs and structures. The incidence, risk factors, possible prevention, diagnosis, management and impact on future reproduction is reviewed here. Methods: Systematic review of available sources on the topic was carried out using the PubMed database and textbooks of Czech authors. Conclusion: Some risk factors that make access to the uterine cavity difficult may be prevented, however, others remain unpreventable. For patients in whom the perforation occurred during sondage, dilatation or insertion of blunt and cold instrument, without significant bleeding and who are hemodynamically stable, observation is recommended rather than immediate abdominal exploration. The exception are young women planning pregnancy in whom endoscopic suture is indicated. Abdominal exploration is required in patients who have been injured by electrosurgical or sharp device, laser, vacuum curette, who are hemodynamically unstable or show signs of severe bleeding or visceral injury. Key words: uterine perforation – injury – dilatation and curettage – intrauterine device – hysteroscopy – pregnancy termination – risk factors
The problem of developing the communicative skills of foreign students in a multicultural educational environment
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ran C. , Sarsenbayeva L. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2022

The article presents an analysis of the state of the problem of development of communication skills of foreign students from the position of inclusion in the multicultural educational environment of higher education institutions. The article reveals such aspects of the problem as terminological diversity, the role of communication skills in the assimilation of social experience and in personal and professional development. Approaches to determining the structure and types of communication skills are considered. The author's definition and structure of communication skills of foreign students are proposed. The article analyzes modern research of scientists from foreign countries, China, Russia and Kazakhstan, devoted to the study of the features and psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of communication skills of foreign students in a multicultural educational environment.
The effectiveness of the coagulation sink of 3–10 nm atmospheric particles
Authors: Cai Runlong , Häkkinen Ella , Yan Chao , Jiang Jingkun , Kulmala Markku , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: September 2022

Abstract. As a major source of ultrafine particles, new particle
formation (NPF) occurs frequently in various environments. However, the
survival of new particles and the frequent occurrence of NPF events in
polluted environments have long been perplexing, since new particles are
expected to be scavenged by high coagulation sinks. Towards solving these
problems, we establish an experimental method and directly measure the
effectiveness of the size-dependent coagulation sink of monodisperse 3–10 nm
particles in well-controlled chamber experiments. Based on the chamber
experiments and long-term atmospheric measurements from Beijing, we then
discuss the survival of new particles in polluted environments. In the
chamber experiments, the measured coagulation sink of 3–10 nm particles
increases significantly with a decreasing particle size, whereas it is not
sensitive to the compositions of test particles. Comparison between the
measured coagulation coefficient with theoretical predictions shows that
almost every coagulation leads to the scavenging of one particle, and the
coagulation sink exceeds the hard-sphere kinetic limit due to van der Waals
attractive force. For urban Beijing, the effectiveness of the coagulation sink
and a moderate or high (e.g., > 3 nm h−1) growth rate of new
particles can explain the occurrence of measured NPF events; the moderate
growth rate further implies that, in addition to gaseous sulfuric acid, other
gaseous precursors also contribute to the growth of new particles.
Atmospheric oxidation mechanism and kinetics of indole initiated by ●OH and ●Cl: a computational study
Authors: Xue Jingwen , Ma Fangfang , Elm Jonas , Chen Jingwen , Xie Hong-Bin
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The atmospheric chemistry of organic nitrogen compounds
(ONCs) is of great importance for understanding the formation of
carcinogenic nitrosamines, and ONC oxidation products might influence
atmospheric aerosol particle formation and growth. Indole is a
polyfunctional heterocyclic secondary amine with a global emission quantity
almost equivalent to that of trimethylamine, the amine with the highest
atmospheric emission. However, the atmospheric chemistry of indole remains
unclear. Herein, the reactions of indole with ⚫OH and ⚫Cl,
and subsequent reactions of resulting indole radicals with O2 under 200 ppt NO and 50 ppt HO2⚫ conditions, were investigated by a
combination of quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling. The
results indicate that ⚫OH addition is the dominant pathway for the
reaction of ⚫OH with indole. However, both ⚫Cl addition and
H abstraction are feasible for the corresponding reaction with ⚫Cl.
All favorably formed indole radicals further react with O2 to produce
peroxy radicals, which mainly react with NO and HO2⚫ to form
organonitrates, alkoxy radicals and hydroperoxide products. Therefore, the
oxidation mechanism of indole is distinct from that of previously reported
amines, which primarily form highly oxidized multifunctional compounds,
imines or carcinogenic nitrosamines. In addition, the peroxy radicals from
the ⚫OH reaction can form N-(2-formylphenyl)formamide
(C8H7NO2), for the first time providing evidence for the
chemical identity of the C8H7NO2 mass peak observed in the
⚫OH + indole experiments. More importantly, this study is the first
to demonstrate that despite forming radicals by abstracting an H atom at the
N site, carcinogenic nitrosamines were not produced in the indole oxidation
reaction.
Global datasets of leaf photosynthetic capacity for ecological and earth system research
Authors: Chen Jing M. , Wang Rong , Liu Yihong , He Liming , Croft Holly , Luo Xiangzhong , Wang Han , Smith Nicholas G. , Keenan Trevor F. , Prentice I. Colin , Zhang Yongguang , Ju Weimin , Dong Ning
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax)
determines leaf photosynthetic capacity and is a key parameter for
estimating the terrestrial carbon cycle, but its spatial information is
lacking, hindering global ecological research. Here, we convert leaf
chlorophyll content (LCC) retrieved from satellite data to Vcmax, based
on plants' optimal distribution of nitrogen between light harvesting and
carboxylation pathways. We also derive Vcmax from satellite (GOME-2)
observations of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) as a proxy of
leaf photosynthesis using a data assimilation technique. These two
independent global Vcmax products agree well (r2=0.79,RMSE=15.46µmol m−2 s−1, P<0.001) and compare well
with 3672 ground-based measurements (r2=0.69,RMSE=13.8µmol m−2 s−1 and P<0.001 for SIF; r2=0.55,RMSE=18.28µmol m−2 s−1 and P<0.001 for LCC). The LCC-derived
Vcmax product is also used to constrain the retrieval of Vcmax from TROPical Ozone Mission (TROPOMI) SIF data to produce an optimized Vcmax product using
both SIF and LCC information. The global distributions of these products are
compatible with Vcmax computed from an ecological optimality theory
using meteorological variables, but importantly reveal additional
information on the influence of land cover, irrigation, soil pH, and leaf
nitrogen on leaf photosynthetic capacity. These satellite-based approaches
and spatial Vcmax products are primed to play a major role in global
ecosystem research. The three remote sensing Vcmax products based on
SIF, LCC, and SIF+LCC are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6466968 (Chen et al., 2022), and the code
for implementing the ecological optimality theory is available at https://github.com/SmithEcophysLab/optimal_vcmax_R and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5899564 (last access: 31 August 2022) (Smith et al., 2022).
A new operational Mediterranean diurnal optimally interpolated sea surface temperature product within the Copernicus Marine Service
Authors: Pisano Andrea , Ciani Daniele , Marullo Salvatore , Santoleri Rosalia , Buongiorno Nardelli Bruno
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Within the Copernicus Marine Service, a new operational MEDiterranean diurnal optimally interpolated sea surface temperature (MED DOISST) product has been developed. This product provides hourly mean maps (level 4) of subskin SST at 1/16∘ horizontal resolution over the Mediterranean Sea from January 2019 to the present. Subskin is the temperature at ∼1 mm depth of the ocean surface and then potentially subjected to a large diurnal cycle. The product is built by combining hourly SST data from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) on board the Meteosat Second Generation and model analyses from the Mediterranean Forecasting System (MedFS) through optimal interpolation. SEVIRI and MedFS (first layer) SST data are respectively used as the observation source and first guess. The choice of using a model output as first guess represents an innovative alternative to the commonly adopted climatologies or previous day analyses, providing physically consistent estimates of hourly SSTs. The accuracy of the MED DOISST product is assessed here by comparison against surface drifting buoy measurements covering the years 2019 and 2020. The diurnal cycle reconstructed from DOISST is in good agreement with the one observed by independent drifter data, with a mean bias of 0.041±0.001 K and root mean square difference (RMSD) of 0.412±0.001 K. The new SST product is more accurate than the input MedFS SST during the central warming hours, when the model, on average, underestimates drifter SST by 1/10 of a degree. The capability of DOISST to reconstruct diurnal warming events, which may reach intense amplitudes larger than 5 K in the Mediterranean Sea, is also analyzed. Specifically, a comparison with the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) diurnal skin SST product, SEVIRI, MedFS, and drifter data shows that the DOISST product is able to reproduce more accurately diurnal warming events larger than 1 K. This product can contribute to improving the prediction capability of numerical models that assimilate or correct the heat fluxes starting from level 4 SST data and the monitoring of surface heat budget estimates and temperature extremes which can have significant impacts on the marine ecosystem. The full MED DOISST product (released on 4 May 2021) is available upon free
registration at https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00170 (CNR, 2021). The reduced subset used here for validation and review purposes is openly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5807729 (Pisano, 2021).
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENERIMA BANTUAN SOSIAL TUNAI DENGAN METODE TECHNIQUE FOR ORDER PREFERENCE BY SIMILARITY TO IDEAL SOLUTION
Authors: Ade Solihin Sopandi  , Dudih Gustian  , Sembiring Falentino , Muhamad Muslih  , Nunik Destria Arianti  , Aan Setiawatif  , Kurniawan
Published: September 2022

Pemerintah telah berupaya menangani kemiskinan di masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan salah satu programnya yang dinamakan Bantuan Sosial Tunai nominal Rp 600.000 per bulan yang sasaran utamanya yaitu mereka yang paling terdampak. Akan tetapi program tersebut ternyata menemukan keganjilan sehingga mekanisme program tersebut tidak sesuai dengan yang diharapkan  oleh semua pihak, kurang tepatnya sasaran penerima bantuan menjadi masalah serius yang dihadapi pemerintah dalam hal ini adalah pihak-pihak RT dan Desa yang menjadi acuan dasar data-data calon penerima bantuan. Oleh karena itu perlu dibuatkan sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu memecahkan masalah tersebut,  Metode Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution dipandang mampu untuk menanggulangi masalah penerima bantuan yang kurang tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode TOPSIS agar penilaian akan lebih tepat sasaran dalam proses penyaluran bantuan.  Dalam penelitian ini ditentukan lima kriteria yang telah ditentukan bobot nilai kriterianya yaitu Pekerjaan 20%, Penghasilan 25%, Usia 25%, Jumlah Tanggungan 15% serta Jenis Rumah 15%. Dari hasil penelitian dan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan ditemukan hasil perbandingan antara perhitungan manual dengan perhitungan melalui sistem dengan nilai akurasi sekitar 94,96%. Sistem pendukung keputusan calon penerima Bantuan Sosial Tunai (BST) Covid-19 ini diharapkan menjadi solusi dari dampak dari masalah kurang objektifnya penerima bantuan tersebut serta dapat membantu pihak terkait dalam menentukan penerima bantuan agar lebih praktis, objektif dan tepat sasaran.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge of High School Students Regarding Street Food and Its Hazards on Their Health in Selected School at Belagavi, Karnataka
Authors: Teli Shridevi , S. Natekar Dr. Deelip , Basavantraya Bantanur Sharanamma
Published: September 2022

Background: Food is an important part of a balance diet. It is something needs every day. Life can be sustained only with adequate nourishment. but now a day’s street food has become a common food source all over India because people from all economic classes eat on the road side and it sometime felt that taste of street food is better than restaurant in the city.1 Street food and fast food are also taken in the same context as junk. When we speak of street food,the fact that it’s cooked in unhealthy conditions makes it more unhealthy than the same food made at home. Therefore, this study help to assess the knowledge and to give knowledge regarding street food and its hazards on their health among school children
Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of high school students regarding street food and its hazards on their health in selected school, Belagavi, Karnataka.
Methodology: The study was conducted on 50 students who were selected from 10th class students. Randomized sampling technique was used for the selection of sample. Data was collected by using pre-validated structured questionnaire. The questionnaire had two sections. First consisted six responses on social-demographic variables, second consisted of structured questionnaires about street food and its hazards. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed according to the objectives of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: Result indicates in a majority of subjects 25(50%) had inadequate knowledge subjects 24(48%) had moderate knowledge and 1(2%) had adequate knowledge among students. In this study, mean score was (10.5), median (10.5), and standard deviation was (2.1). Chi-Square of knowledge level of students in order to age is (X2=0.021, df=1), sex(X2=1.20,df=1), religion(X2=0.14, df=1),type of family (X2=1.12,df=1) ,place(X2= 0.27,df=1),and family income (X2=7.94, df=3). Here age, sex, religion, type of family, and place are not significant with knowledge of high school students but family income is significant with the knowledge of high school students. It reveals that there is not significant association between socio demographic variables like age, sex, religion, type of family and place and the knowledge of high school students regarding street food and its hazards.
Conclusion: The finding of the study concluded that most of the students having inadequate and moderate knowledge regarding street food and its hazards. This study is effective to gain knowledge regarding street food and its hazards.

Keywords: street food and its hazards, school going children, selected school, structured teaching programme.
Studies on Purification and Characterization of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas) Cultivated in the Northern Part of Bangladesh
Authors: Lutfunnahar Most. , Sana Manoshi , Sana Samiron
Published: September 2022

Enzyme activity was also determined from the Red sweet potato and white sweet potato. The activities of Amylase, Cellulase, Invertase, & protease were 0.093±0.01, 0.05±0.02, 0.062± 0.015, 0.043± 0.02, for Red while 0.088± 0.01, 0.073 ±0.02, 0.072 ±0.015 & 0.050± 0.02 for White sweet potato. Amylase was partially purified from the extract of sweet potato using DEAE cellulose column chromatography. On the purity checking and molecular weight determination on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight was determined by SDS-PAGE to be 64±1 kDa. The partially purified amylase from sweet potato is β-type is confirmed by HgCl2.The optimum pH & temperatures of partially purified β-amylase were 7.5 and 55◦c respectively. Amylolytic activity of this enzyme is 105% and 55% for amylopectin and Amylase. This enzyme does not affect maltose and maltotetraose. Metallic ions like Fe3+, Mn2+, Mg2+, and EDTA increased amylase activity while other ions like Cu+2, Hg+2, Pb+2, and urea reduced the amylase activity. The study indicates the importance of β-amylase as a starch degrading enzyme. This enzyme showed less toxicity towards brine shrimp nauplii with the Lc50 value of 1970.288µg/ml. This enzyme did not show any antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Bacillus subtilis.

Keywords: Sweet potato, Ipomoea Batatas, Starch, Amylase, Protease.
KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF FARMERS IN TEMA METROPOLIS, GHANA ON MICROBIOLOGICAL MEAT SAFETY, ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES
Authors: Anachinaba I.A. , Adzitey F , Brown C.A , Boateng E.F.
Published: September 2022

Farmers play an important role in meat, introducing antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and antibiotic residues. This study assessed farmers’ knowledge and perception of microbiological meat safety, antibiotic resistance, and antibiotic residues. A total of 138 farmers were randomly interviewed. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, and results were presented in tables and figures. Almost 99% of the farmers were men, and most were between the ages of 41-60 (59%) years. The farmers (49%) had more than 10 years of experience in farming, and COVID-19 negatively affected (61%) their farming operations, especially in terms of feed costs (52%). The farmers were aware of microbiological meat safety (67%) and heard about it mostly from extension officers (67%). The majority of the farmers (63%) knew that animals carry bacteria in/on them and these bacteria can be transferred onto meats and cause foodborne diseases. The farmers heard about antibiotic resistance (69%) from extension officers (53%) and had ever used antibiotics for the treatment of sick animals (45%), as growth promoters (35%) and as prophylactics (12%). Most (63%) of the farmers had not heard about antibiotic residues, and those who had heard about antibiotic residues heard of it from veterinary officers (45%), extension officers (41%) and the media (14%). The majority of the farmers had heard about microbiological meat safety and antibiotic resistance, but few had heard about antibiotic residues. Education of farmers on antibiotic residues is recommended.
PERFORM AND REPORT THE LIMIT TEST FOR SULPHATE IN THE GIVEN SAMPLE OF SODIUM BICARBONATE AS PER INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
Authors: KUMAR Dr. KAPIL , YADAV Dr. NARENDER
Published: September 2022

Dr. KAPIL KUMAR; Dr. NARENDER YADAV
TO PERFORM AND REPORT IDENTIFICATION TESTS ON GIVEN SAMPLE OF SODIUM BICARBONATE AS PER I.P.
Authors: YADAV Dr. NARENDER , DIWAN Dr. ANUPAMA
Published: September 2022

Dr. NARENDER YADAV; Dr. ANUPAMA DIWAN
PREPARATION OF STANDARD SOLUTION AND STANDARDIZATION OF POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
Authors: KUMAWAT Dr. MUKESH KUMAR , TEWATIA Mr. SUMIT
Published: September 2022

Dr. MUKESH KUMAR KUMAWAT; Mr. SUMIT TEWATIA
CHALLENGES FACED BY WOMEN IN LEGAL PROFESSION IN INDIA
Authors: Yadav Sneh , Vashishth Dr. Archana
Published: September 2022

Sneh Yadav; Dr. Archana Vashishth
FROM GENDER DISCRIMINATION TO GENDER EMPOWERMENT: CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO SCHEME
Authors: Monteiro Thomas , Vashishth Dr. Archana
Published: September 2022

Thomas Monteiro; Dr. Archana Vashishth
IMPACT OF COVID 19 ON WOMEN HEALTH AND FINANCE
Authors: Hooda Dr. Rajesh , Bala Dr. Mukesh , Vashishth Dr. Archana
Published: September 2022

Dr. Rajesh Hooda; Dr. Mukesh Bala; Dr. Archana Vashishth
SEXUAL OFFENCES AGAINST WOMEN AND RIGHT TO SAFETY UNDER NATIONAL LAWS
Authors: Saleem Dr. Mohd
Published: September 2022

Dr. Mohd Saleem
THE POSITION OF WOMEN UNDER INDUSTRIAL LAWS
Authors: Kaur Dr. Inderpreet , Sharma Dr. Kaveri , Vashishth Dr. Archana
Published: September 2022

Dr. Inderpreet Kaur; Dr. Kaveri Sharma; Dr. Archana Vashishth
THE ROAD TO DECRIMINALISING SECTION 377 AND ITS IMPACT
Authors: Dahiya Dr. Komal , Vashishth Dr. Archana
Published: September 2022

Dr. Komal Dahiya; Dr. Archana Vashishth
EDITORIAL
Authors: Ruffinengo Sergio
Published: September 2022

La Revista EUNK nace con el compromiso de transformarse en un espacio de referencia para la difusión científica, el desarrollo innovativo y la extensión a niveles nacional e internacional, y como fruto de un enorme esfuerzo en conjunto de productores y técnicos que conforman la Cámara de Apicultores Pampero y Cooperativa de Trabajo Apícola Pampero Limitada con la cooperación de importantes Grupos de Investigación de diferentes universidades nacionales: Universidad Nacional del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Universidad Nacional de La Plata y Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. EUNK es una palabra que proviene de la lengua tehuelche, que significa “mirar lejos” y que resume nuestras expectativas en cuanto a la proyección estratégica y superadora que se busca promover. Es la primera revista digital y de libre acceso de la Argentina, que persigue como objetivo principal la publicación de estudios científicos originales acerca de las abejas, la apicultura y los/as apicultores/as, abarcando la complejidad del sector en su totalidad.
DONALD TRUMP’S POLICY AND POSTURE TOWARDS PAKISTAN: THE EMERGING DYNAMICS AND DRIVERS OF THE BILATERAL TIES
Authors:   Department of Pakistan Studies,  National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan, Rabbi Fazal , Munawar Mahar ,   Department of International Relations, NUML, Islamabad Pakistan, Mehmood Bukhari Syed Hamid ,   Department of Pakistan Studies, NUML, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

Arguably, the growing estrangement between Pakistan and US predates President Donald Trump. Due to the divergent interests in Afghanistan and the region, the bilateral ties were already cracking under the chronic stress of mutual distrust and renewed acrimony between Washington and Islamabad. However, the unexpected election of Donald Trump as the US president further widened the gulf between the two countries with long history of transactional ties perennially vulnerable to disruption and discord due to periodic convergence and divergence of national interests. With his signature Twitter-borne diplomacy, Trump sought to tighten the screw on Pakistan by harping more vociferously and vigorously ‘on do more’ mantra than ever before. Today, the US has begun to view Pakistan from the Indian lens in order to appease New Delhi viewed as a critical strategic partner in her quest to contain China. The Indo-US deepening partnership has potentially tangible ramifications for the fragile strategic balance in South Asia. This scholarly endeavor seeks to dissect the dynamics and examines the drivers of the evolving shift in the US policy towards Pakistan-with unknown and unwarranted repercussions for the fragile regional peace and security. Keywords: Pak-US Relations, New US Afghan Strategy, Donald Trum
Development of Solid Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Quercetin
Authors: Mathew Roma , Varkey Joyamma
Published: September 2022

This work aims to develop Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System of Quercetin for enhancing its bioavailability. From the perspective of dosage forms, Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System mean solid dosage forms with self-emulsification properties. Liquid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System containing 15 mg/ml of Quercetin was prepared and converted to Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System by adsorption onto various solid carriers. Based on micromeritic properties and drug content analysis Aerosil ® 200 was selected as the adsorbent for development of Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System of Quercetin.Various formulation were prepared by variying amounts of the components and optimized fornulation showed particle size of 264.2 nm and drug content of 93.95 %.Optimized Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System of Quercetin showed good self emulsification ,absence of interactions(FTIR analyis), solubilization of the drug in the mixture (DSC and XRD analysis)and smooth surface (SEM analysis ) . In-vitro drug release of Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System of Quercetin revealed percentage drug release of 99.70±0.227% within 30 min . Results of the study indicates the Solid Self emulsification technique is a promising approach for development of stable dosage form of drugs with poor oral absorption.
Design and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Microparticles of Curcumin for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bhati Aarti , Kumar Sanjeev , Chaudhary Renu , Kumar Sarvesh , Saifi Alimuddin
Published: September 2022

A solid lipid Microparticle reaches to the target site at controlled rate and show controlled release for better therapeutic result. This drug delivery system are prepare to obtained prolonged sustained or controlled drug delivery, to improves bioavailability, to enhance stability and to reduce toxic effects follows with target drug at specific site. The solid lipid micro particles of curcumin were prepared in a view to achieve high permeability of curcumin in brain through blood-brain-barrier. The solid lipid microspheres are prepared by hot melts microencapsulation technique was used to formulate solid lipid microspheres. Twelve formulations were prepared by varying concentration of surfactants (span 20, span 60, span 80 and Tween 80). The developed formulation were subjected to various parameter such as the particle size, % entrapment efficiency, production yield, % cumulative release, percentage yield and drug loading. Based upon highest entrapment efficiency, drug release and % cumulative release the F3 formulation was considered as the best formulation. The prepared microsphere were subjected to different evaluation parameter such as melting point, thin layer chromatography, solubility, FTIR, compatibility study and In-vitro drug release. The developed formulation shows spherical and smooth surface. The % drug release of F3 formulation was found to be 86.23% after 12 hr.
Efektivitas Penghambatan Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat Lokal Terhadap Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Daun Alpukat
Authors: Supriati Lilies , Widayanti Mulyati , Djaya Adrianson Agus , Mulyani Rahmawati Budi , Anwar Mochammad
Published: September 2022

Penyakit bercak daun alpukat (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) sangat merugikan, serangan penyakit terjadi pada daun, ranting, bunga dan buah hingga ke penyimpanan dan pemasaran.  Pengendalian penyakit tanaman yang bersifat ramah lingkungan dan aman bagi kesehatan dapat dilakukan menggunakan tumbuhan obat lokal, namun informasi penelitian tentang hal ini belum banyak.  Penelitian bertujuan untuk engetahui mengetahui efektivitas penghambatan tumbuhan obat lokal yang efektif menekan pertumbuhan jamur patogen C. gloeosporioides penyebab penyakit bercak daun tanaman alpukat secara in vitro.  Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 taraf konsentrasi ekstrak tumbuhan obat lokal yaitu: P0 (kontrol tanpa ekstrak), P1 (ekstrak pasak bumi 5%), P2 (ekstrak pasak bumi 10%), P3 (ekstrak pasak bumi 15%), P4 (ekstrak pasak bumi 20%), P5 (ekstrak akar kuning 5%), P6 (ekstrak akar kuning 10%), P7 (ekstrak akar kuning 15%), P8 (ekstrak akar kuning 20%), P9 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 5%), P10 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 10%), P11 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 15%), P12 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 20%), P13 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 5%), P14 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 10%), P15 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 15%) dan P16 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 20%).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak akar pasak bumi pada taraf konsentrasi 20% sangat efektif menghambat pertumbuhan diameter koloni jamur C. gloeosporioides dengan efektivitas penghambatan 94.4%, dan efektif menghambat perkecambahan spora sebesar 6.81%.
تجارة الرق عند الأوروبيين
Authors: آل عمر سعد بن عمر
Published: September 2022

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أقرب الرشد وأصدق الفهم للثقافة المادية بفنونها الجميلة والعقيدة واللغة في كوش
Authors: البنا إدريس البنا
Published: September 2022

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رؤية الزمخشري للغة في أساس البلاغة
Authors: الحازمي عليان بن محمد
Published: September 2022

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التوزيع الجغرافي لمراكز هجرات العركيين الأشراف القادرية داخل السودان
Authors: يوسف الحسين النور
Published: September 2022

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A Sound Strategy towards Effective English- Arabic-English Translating
Authors: Mohammed Gubara Abd Alla
Published: September 2022

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النزعة الصوفية في شعر التجاني يوسف بشير ولطفى أمان
Authors: الخليفة   مبارك حسن
Published: September 2022

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الغزو الإيطالي للحبشة - أكتوبر 1935 والصراع الأوربي في فترة ما بين الحربين العالميتين
Authors: أبو سبيب   عبد الماجد يوسف أبو سبيب
Published: September 2022

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دراسة في نظرية القصة القصيرة
Authors: الدوش صلاح احمد
Published: September 2022

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آراء حول أنواع التقرير الصحفي
Authors: قرشي عبد الرحمن
Published: September 2022

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أزمة سودنة منصب قاضي القضاة
Authors: طه فيصل عبد الرحمن علي
Published: September 2022

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السكة حديد بالسودان بعد قرن من إنشائها
Authors: خوجلي مصطفى محمد
Published: September 2022

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Umm Marrahi: An early Holocene Site, north of Khartoum
Authors: Amin Yousif M. Al , Ali Abbas S. Ali
Published: September 2022

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حكاية الحية في شعر النابغة الذبياني
Authors: الصحفي دخيل الله محمد
Published: September 2022

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Narrative Discourse in Naguib Mahfouz's Midaq Alley
Authors: El Nagar Hassan A.
Published: September 2022

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نحو هوية وطنية جمعية اللواء الأبيض ونهضة القومية في السودان 1919- 1924
Authors: فيزيديني إليناء
Published: September 2022

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Towards a Dialectical Geography
Authors: El Tayeb Galal El Din
Published: September 2022

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Significance of Incorporating Language Skills into EFL Syllabus
Authors: Abdalla Al-Sadig Yahya
Published: September 2022

It is generally observed that most Arab EFL learners (and some teachers) demonstrate poor communication skills. Other things being equal, this paper draws on the assumption that part of the problem  lies with the kind of training that the English departments have been offering; viz. the bulk of their courses centres upon the teaching of knowledge course: literature, pure linguistics and English language rules. These, the paper argues, could hardly improve learners’ skills at listening, reading, speaking and writing. This paper   attempts to examine this assumption in the light of the existing EFL syllabus in some Arab universities. In so doing, it begins by giving a theoretical overview of the major theories shaping modern English language teaching methods and proceeds to evaluate the Arab EFL syllabus in the light of these theories. 

  of   into EFL
الإقتصاد الريفي بالسودان: مآلات التغير وفرص البقاء: جنوب ولاية النيل الأبيض نموذجاً
Authors: إبراهيم حلو عبدالعاطي محمد
Published: September 2022

تبحث هذه الورقة في التغيرات والتحولات التي طرأت على الاقتصاد الريفي بمناطق جنوب ولاية النيل الأبيض، السودان خلال العقود الثلاثة الأخيرة . الهدف الرئيس من ذلك هو التعرف على ملامح تلك التحولات والتغيرات، العوامل المسئولة عنها، والآثار المترتبة عليها. ولتحقيق تلك الأهداف تبنت الورقة منهج الإيكولوجيا السياسية الإقليمية إطاراً نظرياً للدراسة، كما اعتمدت على العديد من مناهج ووسائل وطرق جمع وتحليل المعلومات. أوضحت الورقة أن الاقتصاد الريفي في سياقه التاريخي لعب دوره بوصفه نمطاً اقتصادياً واجتماعياً، إلا أنه شهد ومنذ ثمانينيات القرن الماضي تغيرات وتحولات كبيرة القت بظلالها على كافة مناحي الحياة الاقتصادية منها والاجتماعية والبيئية. كما ابانت الدراسة أن تلك التغيرات والتحولات كانت نتاجاً لتضافر العديد من العوامل أبرزها التغير في نظم استخدام الأرض وغياب التخطيط وضعف برامج التنمية الموجهة نحو الريف، وانفصال دولة جنوب السودان. وخلصت إلى أن تطبيق برامج التنمية وتعزيز القدرات مع إزالة العوائق الهيكلية والمؤسسية والاعتراف بالحقوق التاريخية للمنتجين التقليديين هو الطريق الأمثل للمحافظة على الاقتصاد الريفي التقليدي بمنطقة الدراسة.
كَسْرُ البِنَاءِ اللُّغوي دِرَاَسَةٌ في أُسْلُوبِ المُطَابَقَةِ عِنْدَ المُتَنَبِي
Authors: آدم  الصادق محمد
Published: September 2022

يَتَنَاوَلُ هذا البَحْثُ كَسْرَ البِنَاءِ اللّغوي باعتباره ظاهرةًًً تعتمدُ على الخروجِ على النّمطِ المِثالي للأداء، وهي دِراسةٌ تستمدُ مظاهِرَها في شِعْرِ أبي الطّيب المتنبي ( 303– 354هـ ، 915- 965م) الذي انْحَرَف كثيراً في أساليبه عن النّمط المعهود بحثاً عن تركيبٍ غيرِ عاديٍ، وذلك لغاياتٍ فنيةٍ وجماليةٍ، كسراً يسببُ للمتلقي هِزّةً غير متوقَّّعةٍ، فالمتنبي عند اسْتِعْمَالِه الفنّيّ للّغة يَمِيْلُ ميلاًً شديداً نحو كَسْرِ رَتَابِة النّظامِ اللُّغوي المُعْتَادِ على عدةِ مستوياتٍ.

 وهذا الانحرافُ في الأسلوبِ هو السببُ الأوّلُ الذي جعل النّقادَ يُعْنَونَ بشِعْرِه في مُخْتَلفِ العصور إعجاباً بالطّريقة التي عالج بها بعض النّصوص، لأنّ ما يهمّ الناقد في النّصّ الشّعري لا يتوقف على ما يَقُوله النّصُ، وإنّما الطّريقةُ التي يُقالُ بها النّصُ أيضاً.

والمنهجيةُ الّتي اتبعتُها هي الاستقراءُ ثُمَّ التَّحليلُ، وذلك بمدارسةِ الديوان واستخراجِ ما فيه من أساليب لم تتفقْ نَمَطُها مع القواعدِ الأساسيةِ إلي تتبعها اللُّغة.

والجديد ُفي هذه الدراسةِ هو تبريرُ هذا الانحراف اللّغوي على أنَّه تشكيلٌ للغة حسبما تقتضيه حاجةُ الشَّاعر النَّفسية ، وبالطَّريقة التي يراها أكثر تأثيراً للمتلقي، لإحداثِ عُنْصُرِ الإحْساسِ بالدهشةِ والمفاجأةِ.

أما النتائجُ المُتَوَصَّل إليها فهي أنّ المتنبي في سلوكه هذا المسلك لا يمكن أنْ تُوصف لغته بالضّعفِ أو يُوصف هو بالعَجْزِ عن الأخذِ بناصيتها ، بل هو دليلٌ لجُرْأَتِه وتَصَرُّفِه ، إذ أنّه يُريدُ أن يُعَبَّر عن شيء في نَفْسِه لا تُؤَدِيه اللّغةُ العاديةُ فَتَصَرَّفَ في أدَاتِه اللّغويةِ بِوَعِيٍ.
نشأة الكتابة العربية وتطورها من العصر الجاهلية إلى صدر اإلسالم
Authors: رحماني عبد الرزاق
Published: September 2022

ناقشت هذه الدراسة اختلاف المؤرخين حول نشأة الكتابة العربية، ففريق يرى أن نشأتها كانت إلهية محضة، حيث إن الله عز وجل قد أوحى إلى آدم بطريقة الكتابات كلها ثم كتب بها آدم كل الكتب، بينما يذهب فريق آخر إلى أن الكتابة العربية اشتقت من الكتابة النبطية.

كما أعطيت تعريفاً للكتابة لغة واصطلاحاً، ومراحل تطورها، ولقد مرَّ الكتابة بأطوار عدة قبل أن تصل إلى الطور الهجائي المستخدم في أيامنا؛ وركزت الدراسة على أدوات الكتابة وموضوعاتها.

كما اهتمت الدراسة بالكتابة في عهد النبي والخلفاء الراشدين؛ واهتمام القرآن الكريم بالكتابة وأدواتها.     

ويتبع الباحث المنهج التاريخي و التحليلي للتوصل إلى معرفة الحقائق العلمية والثقافية في الكتابة العربية.
نحو موازنة سنوية لمكتبة جامعة الخرطوم
Authors: عبد الرحمن  عمر حسن
Published: September 2022

هدفت هذه الورقة  إلى دراسة واقع التمويل  بمكتبة جامعة الخرطوم الرئيسة وفروعها , وخاصة فى جانب الموازنة السنوية , وذلك على ضوء المعايير العالمية المعمول بها فى هذا الشأن.  عرفت هذه الدراسة أنواع الموازنات المختلفة المعمول بها فى المكتبات الجامعية ثم وضحت دور أمين المكتبة فى تقدير وإعداد الموازنة السنوية. كذلك استعرضت الورقة النسب المعيارية العالمية المعمول  بها فى  تخصيص موازنة للمكتبات الجامعية من المؤسسة الأم. ثم استعرضت المصادر الأخري لدعم موازنة المكتبات وخاصة  سياسة جمع الأموال والتبرعات Fundraising التى أصبحت من النشاطات المهمة فى هذا المجال. تناولت الورقة جانب إدارة الموازنة بالتركيز على طريقة الصيغة فى توزيع موازنة التزويد بمصادر المعلومات على الكليات والأقسام الأكاديمية المختلفة بالجامعة. كشفت الورقة عن عدم تخصيص موازنة سنوية لمكتبة جامعة الخرطوم خلال فترة العشرين عاما الماضية. وأخيرا وضعت الورقة مجموعة من التوصيات لمعالجة مشكلة التمويل والموازنة السنوية لمكتبة جامعة الخرطوم حتى تتمكن من أداء وظيفتها الاساسية فى توفير خدمات المعلومات لمجنمع الجامعة.
استطاع و اسطاع دراسة في المبنى والمعنى
Authors: القحطاني  فهد بن سعيد آل مثيب
Published: September 2022

يقوم هذا البحث على دراسة الفعل " استطاع  "بصورتيه: ببقاء التاء وبحذفها  "استطاع ، اسطاع" دراسة في المبنى ، تكشف عن أصل بناء الفعل بصورتيه ، ولغات كل صورة ، وأوزانها ، مع بيان اللغات التي تصح قراءة القرآن بها ،و اللغات التي لا تصح قراءته بها .

 ودراسة دلالية تكشف عن الفارق الدلالي بين صورة الفعل ببقاء التاء" استطاع " وصورته بحذف التاء منه " اسطاع" مستقصية أقوال المفسرين واللغويين ، ثم خلصت إلى بيان القول الراجح وفق الأدلة العلمية .
The Archaeology of Island of Meroe as seen from the recent discoveries north of the Royal City
Authors: SADIG Azhari Mustafa , ADAM Ahmed Hussein Abdelrahman
Published: September 2022

The cultural sequence of ancient Sudan has been formulated according to many aspects, depending mainly on the work of pioneer archaeologists on the first decades of the 20th century. The cultural and chronological orders known today are not far different from what has been structured by Reisner, Arkell and other early archaeologists, despite the attempts to fill the gaps here and there .This chronological order is always control the nature of the archaeological studies in Sudan archaeology, especially for the new generation, regardless the region or approaches used to analyze the cultural evidences. This is true also when new sites discovered, and attributed basically according to that cultural and chronological orders. Sites with new unknown cultural aspects may occur in many situations, but they finally dated to the same order. The island of Meroe is one of those regions, which are known with its Meroitic legacy, pyramids, temples and towns. The chronological order is well known only when taking to the account the Meroitic one, as well as very rare late Neolithic evidences from Kadada and es-Sour. The current study is a chronological and cultural survey of the east part of the Island of Meroe north of the Royal City. New sites has been discovered which will help a lot on our understanding of prehistoric as well as historic and medieval evidences on this part of the Island. The work is a part of Dept. of Archaeology, University of Khartoum survey north of Royal City of Meroe.
الشعر والدين والأخلاق بين النقاد والفلاسفة
Authors: دياب ألاء ياسين  
Published: September 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى إظهار أثر الجانب الأخلاقي و الدّيني في النقد العربي القديم  من خلال تتبعه عند النقاد والفلاسفة، الّذين انقسمت مواقفهم بين أولئك الّذين ربطوا بين الشّعر من جهة، والدّين والأخلاق من جهة أخرى، فطالبوا الشّاعر بضرورة الالتزام بتعاليم الدين  وبمعايير الأخلاق. وبين أولئك الذين فصلوا بين الشّعر و الدّين والأخلاق، وحكموا على الشّعر بمقايي س  موضوعيّ ة ، فتنوّعت مواقفُ النّقاد والفلاسفة بين متشدد و متساهل و معتدل.
Radio as a Disseminator of Copyrighted Literary and Artistic Works a Descriptive Study of Radio Omdurman, Sudan
Authors: Abuzaid Amel Ibrahim Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Radio is one of the important mass media that helps in the dissemination ofliterary and artistic works. It played an important role in the history of music inSudan by giving the singers and composers the chance to record and disseminatetheir works through the Radio which was the only available medium.Songwriters, composers, singers, performers, actors and all these copyright andrelated rights categories need the Radio to disseminate their works. If theseworks didn't reach the audience, it will negatively affect the dissemination ofworks. Beside that, Radio has no active mechanism in organising the usage ofworks the matter that involved the Radio in many problems with the right'sholders, although the Radio has applied some measures to avoid that.
دخول السلام بلاد السودان قبيل القرن السادس عشرالميلادي
Authors: علي عبدالرحمن ابراهيم سعيد
Published: September 2022

This paper highlights on one of the most periods of the history of the Sudan “Islamicperiod”. It extends from the seventh century AD up to the period precedes the sixteencentury AD-the beginning of the entry of Islam to Sudan, i.e before the establishment ofthe Funj Kingdom.There are no enough studies on this important period. The paper investigates the beginning of the entry of Islam to Sudan and the establishment of the small Islamic Kingdoms (Al-Sukkrab, Al-Umari, and Al-giddyat) by using archaeological remains cemetries, domes, mosques, shrines, tombstones, inscriptions, and Islamic pottery.
مسألة تناوب حروف الجر
Authors: محمد محيي الدين محمد جبريل
Published: September 2022

This study dealt with the issue of prepositions rotation and aimed on standing toidentify this a case of grammarian’s statement and showing example for that eloquentspeaking. The researcher followed a descriptive analytical method.The study found that most important results included: There is differences in a caseof prepositions between allowing and forbidden. Allowing rotation of preposition throughother style which is extension of meaning and a rhetorical used rotation in their statementtherefore a case of using is allowed. Study recommends the following: Study rotation inother prepositions and letter of meaning generally, and study inclusion and identify therelation between it and rotation.