bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of Evolocumab for the Reduction of LDL Cholesterol and Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Leiter Lawrence A. , Hegele Robert A. , Brown Vivien , Bergeron Jean , Mackinnon Erin S. , Mancini G. B. John
Published: May 2024

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major causal factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Statins are the recommended first-line lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) for patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and established ASCVD, with LLT intensification recommended in the substantial proportion of patients who do not achieve levels below guideline-recommended LDL-C thresholds with statin treatment alone. The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor monoclonal antibody evolocumab has demonstrated significant LDL-C reductions of >60% in the clinical trial and open-label extension settings, with LDL-C reductions observed early post-evolocumab initiation and maintained long term, during up to 8.4 years of follow-up. Evolocumab therapy, when added to a statin, also conferred a significant reduction in major cardiovascular (CV) events, including a 20% reduction in the composite of CV death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke. The absolute benefits were enhanced among various patient types at high and very high risk for secondary ASCVD (e.g., with recent MI, multiple events or peripheral artery disease). Importantly, evolocumab treatment resulted in incremental CV risk reductions during the extended follow-up, including a 23% reduction in CV mortality and no apparent LDL-C level below which there is no further CV risk reduction. Hence, the evolocumab clinical data support the need for early and significant LDL-C lowering, especially in vulnerable ASCVD patients, in order to derive the greatest benefit in the long term. Importantly, evolocumab had no impact on any treatment emergent adverse events apart from a small increase in local injection site reactions. A growing body of real-world evidence (RWE) for evolocumab in heterogeneous populations is consistent with the trial data, including robust LDL-C reductions below guideline-recommended thresholds, a favourable safety profile even at the lowest levels of LDL-C achieved, and a high treatment persistence rate of >90%. Altogether, this review highlights findings from 50 clinical trials and RWE studies in >51,000 patients treated with evolocumab, to demonstrate the potential of evolocumab to address the healthcare gap in LDL-C reduction and secondary prevention of ASCVD in a variety of high- and very high-risk patients.
The Power of Boilerplate: Bilateralism, Plurilateralism, and the International Tax System
Authors: Arel-Bundock Vincent , Lechner Lisa
Published: May 2024

How do states exercise power in complex, decentralized governance regimes? This article sheds light on this question by analyzing one of the pillars of the post-war economic order: the international tax regime. The taxation of multinational enterprises is governed by a system composed of thousands of Bilateral Tax Treaties signed between pairs of national governments. We argue that despite the bilateral nature of these treaties, their legal content is largely controlled by a small group of economically powerful governments. By drafting and promoting ``boilerplate" legal language, and by leveraging network effects, OECD countries were able to build a coherent, encompassing, quasi-multilateral regime to govern the taxation of multinationals in most of the world. We test and find support for our arguments about the role of network effects and the power of boilerplate using inferential network analysis and an automated text analysis of a corpus of 3200 treaty texts.
Introducing Non-Calculus Ready First Year Engineering Students to Metacognition Skills to Improve Academic Performance
Authors: Pirkey Anika , Follmer D. Jake , Klinke II David J. , Santiago Lizzie Y.
Published: May 2024

Background
College readiness is declining, increasing the number of students entering college with low math proficiency. These students are historically unable to make progress towards learning engineering skills until they’ve completed remedial math coursework and have low retention and graduation rates.
Purpose
This work describes a pilot study for a trigonometry based first-year engineering course designed to improve students’ performance in trigonometry while targeting the improvement of metacognition skills with the goal of increasing student success and retention.
Design/Method
Twenty-one (21) students were enrolled in the course, which implements a lecture series on metacognition skills and lectures designed to apply trigonometry to real-world engineering problems. One-semester and cumulative GPA and trigonometry and chemistry course grades were compared between the intervention and control groups. The intervention group took the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) before and after the intervention along with three exams with embedded metacognitive monitoring questions throughout the course. All statistical analysis was completed in R using appropriate Bayesian statistical methods.
Results
Students in the intervention received an A in their trigonometry courses at a higher rate than the control group. No significant change was seen in one-semester or cumulative GPA or chemistry performance. Improvements in metacognition skills were dependent on content difficulty and student preparation for the exams given.
Conclusion
The importance of developing coursework for non-calculus ready students will continue to increase. While not all results are statistically significant, additional work is warranted with a higher sample size to further examine the non-significant benefits seen in this study.
Stress dynamics that maintain posttraumatic stress disorder across 20 years
Authors: Ringwald Whitney R. , Feltman Scott , Clouston Sean , Mann Frank D. , Ruggero Camilo , Kotov Roman
Published: May 2024

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often chronic and impairing. Mechanisms that maintain symptoms remain poorly understood due to heterogenous presentation. We parsed this heterogeneity by examining how individual differences in stress-symptom dynamics relate to the long-term maintenance of PTSD.Methods: We studied 7,308 trauma-exposed World Trade Center responders who self-reported PTSD symptoms and stressful life events at annual monitoring visits for up to 20 years (average=8.8 visits; [range=4–16]). We used multilevel structural equation models to separate the stable and time-varying components of symptoms and stressors. At the within-person level, we modeled stress reactivity by cross-lagged associations between stress and future symptoms, stress generation by cross-lagged associations between symptoms and future stress, and autoregressive effects represented symptom persistence and stress persistence. Clinical utility of the stress-symptom dynamics was evaluated by associations with PTSD chronicity and mental health care use.Results: Stress reactivity, stress generation, and symptom persistence were significant on average (bs=.03–.16). There were significant individual differences in the strength of each dynamic (interquartile ranges=.06–.12). Correlations among within-person processes showed some dynamics are intertwined (e.g., more reactive people also generate stress in a vicious cycle) and others represent distinct phenotypes (e.g., people are reactive or have persistent symptoms). Initial trauma severity amplified some dynamics. People in the top deciles of most dynamics had clinically significant symptom levels across the monitoring period and their health care cost 6-17x more per year than people at median levels. Conclusions: Individual differences in stress-symptom dynamics contribute to the chronicity and clinical burden of PTSD.
Using Digital Technology to Increase Integration of Meditation into Daily Life: The Case for Meditation-Based Ecological Momentary Interventions
Authors: Xie Qiang , Amo Victoria , Nahum-Shani Inbal , Goldberg Simon
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Meditation-based interventions (MBIs) hold promise for enhancing health and well-being. However, substantial barriers impede engagement in traditional forms of these interventions. Innovations in mobile health offer an avenue for overcoming barriers associated with traditional MBIs. This paper examines the potential of a particular mobile health innovation – Ecological Momentary Interventions (EMIs) – as a strategy to enhance the accessibility, acceptability, and efficacy of MBIs. Methods: We discuss the historical context, conceptual foundations, motivation for adoption, and empirical evidence supporting the potential of EMIs. Additionally, we explore the conceptual intersections between EMIs and both traditional contemplative sources and contemporary secular MBIs. Furthermore, we describe empirical studies integrating EMIs into MBIs (i.e., meditation-based [MB]-EMIs). Results: Studies have demonstrated diverse approaches to integrating EMIs into MBIs. These studies exhibit variability in key dimensions, including the MBI with which the EMI is integrated and the characteristics of the EMI itself. MB-EMIs have therapeutic potential, but there are many important scientific questions about them that have not yet been answered. Discussion: Future studies should continue to examine the impact and safety of meditation-based EMIs, leverage innovations in passive data collection, explore user experiences, develop these interventions for and with marginalized populations, and emphasize informal meditation practice.
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Body Image Questionnaire Child and Adolescent Version
Authors: Blacker Lucy , Gupta Monica , Quinn Rachel , Monzani Benedetta , amita.jassi@slam.nhs.uk  , Veale David , Mataix-Cols David , Krebs Georgina
Published: May 2024

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) typically develops during adolescence, but there has been little research evaluating assessment tools for BDD in youth. This study sought to provide a comprehensive psychometric evaluation of a brief self-report questionnaire of BDD symptoms, the Body Image Questionnaire Child and Adolescent version (BIQ-C), in both clinical and non-clinical adolescent samples. Properties of the BIQ-C were examined in 479 adolescents recruited through schools and 118 young people with BDD attending a specialist clinic. Sensitivity to change was additionally examined in a subgroup of the clinical sample who received treatment (n = 35). Exploratory factor analysis indicated a two-factor structure provided the best fit for the data in the non-clinical sample, and this was corroborated through confirmatory factor analysis in the clinical sample. The first factor encompassed preoccupation and repetitive behaviours, while the second included items assessing functional impairment. The BIQ-C showed good internal consistency across both samples, and convergent validity with other measures of BDD. Among those in the clinical sample who received treatment, BIQ-C scores decreased significantly, and BIQ-C change scores were highly correlated with change scores on the gold-standard clinician-rated measure of BDD symptom severity. These findings indicate that the BIQ-C is a suitable tool for assessing BDD symptoms in young people and measuring change during treatment.
Una herranza de tipo Jauja, medio siglo después
Authors: M. Joaquín J. A. Molina
Published: May 2024

This article compares a cattle branding ritual known as herranza in the Mantaro Valley of the Junín province, Peru, described by José María Arguedas in 1953, with the same phenomenon in 2016. Fieldwork was carried out in Huancayo, the Huaytapallana Mountain, and the rural villages of Azapampa and Huari, a cultural zone that coincides with Arguedas’ ethnography. Several unpublished data from the José María Arguedas Ethnographic Archive are included.
Voices of Janakpurdham: Student Perspectives on Higher Education
Authors: Shah Binod , Tiwari Uday Kishor , Jha Brajesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

Higher education institutions play a crucial role in shaping the socio-economic and cultural landscape of a region. In the context of Janakpurdham, a historically significant city in Nepal, the quality, accessibility, and effectiveness of higher education are vital for the city's progress. This research paper investigates the multifaceted issues and challenges faced by higher education institutions in Janakpurdham and propose strategies for addressing them. Through a comprehensive analysis of data, and literature review, this paper aims to contribute valuable insights to inform policy decisions and enhance the overall higher education landscape in Janakpurdham. This study follows a descriptive and survey research design.  The data has been collected by questionnaire method from 160 students of various higher education institutes of different universities. A purposive sampling technique has been used to select respondents. The research findings highlighted the existing disparities in access to higher education, with financial constraints acting as a major barrier. The study revealed diverse perceptions regarding the quality of education and curriculum relevance. The positive feedback regarding alignment with industry demands is encouraging, but efforts must continue to ensure that curriculum evolves to meet changing industry trends and technological advancements. The positive perception of faculty quality and accessibility indicates a solid foundation. The findings of the study can guide policymakers, educators, administrators, and other stakeholders in devising effective strategies to overcome these challenges and enhance the higher education landscape in Janakpurdham.
Academic Stress among College Students
Authors: Khadka Chetan
Published: May 2024

Academic stress refers to the strain experienced by students, resulting in a state of distress that often manifests itself as various psychological and behavioral challenges. This research investigates into the pervasive issue of academic stress among college students, emphasizing its consequences and gender disparities. Employing a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, the study utilized a structured questionnaire to quantitatively assess academic stress level among selected students of a college using the Academic Stress Scale for College Students (ESSCS) that featured 16 items with six response choices. Findings indicated a notable gender difference in academic stress levels, highlighting the importance of addressing societal factors rather than inherent gender distinctions. Female students reported higher stress levels, emphasizing the need to address sources like pressure, anxiety, conflict, and frustration to improve their mental well-being. The study calls for collaborative efforts among educational institutions, parents, and educators to reduce workloads and implement innovative teaching methods, fostering divergent thinking and supporting diverse abilities. It serves as a call to action for institutions to prioritize students' mental health and create a more balanced and nurturing academic experience, advocating for a holistic approach to address the multifaceted challenges associated with academic stress.
Judicial Trend in Contract Related Disputes: Nepalese Perspective
Authors: Giri Saroj Kumar
Published: May 2024

This research delves into the dynamic evolution of contract law in Nepal over the past five and a half decades, focusing on the pivotal role played by the Supreme Court. The study analyzes the major changes in contract-related decisions and identifies emerging trends shaping Nepal's legal landscape. Beginning with Nepal's initial contract regulations under Ain and tracing the legal journey through various legislative acts, the study scrutinizes key Supreme Court cases that have defined and refined the understanding of contracts. The research highlights the transformative trends in Nepal's contract law. Furthermore, the study explores the issue of contract validity. In addition, the research examines the critical demarcation between civil and criminal jurisdiction in contractual matters. Through the various cases, Supreme Court of Nepal developed the doctrine that contractual disputes lacking criminal elements fall under civil jurisdiction, preventing unwarranted criminalization of contractual disagreements and ensuring a balanced legal approach. Thus, the article argues that comprehensive analysis through the various cases, Supreme Court of Nepal illuminates Nepal's progressive legal framework in contracts, promoting transparency, fairness, and adherence to fundamental legal principles. The research contributes valuable insights into the evolution of Nepal's contract law, providing a foundation for fostering a favorable business environment in the country.
Patterns of Macular Edema in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Diagnosed by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Gupta Sharad , Thapa Raba , Pradhan Eli , Bajimaya Sanyam , Sharma Sanjita , Duwal Sushma , Poudyal Govinda
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Branch Retinal vein occlusion is the most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy in elderly populations.
Objectives: To describe morphological patterns of macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion using optical coherence tomography.
Materials and methods: It is a hospital based; descriptive, cross-sectional study. All patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion diagnosed by optical coherence tomography and fulfilling the inclusion criteria from 2017 July 1 to  2018 July 1 were studied.
Results: A total of 84 eyes of 84 patients were enrolled. The mean age of the patient was 68.0833 ± 11.22 years (range, 35-74 years). Forty-five (53.57%) were male. Forty-four eyes had right eye involvement. Major and macular branch retinal vein occlusion was found in 50 and 34 eyes respectively.  Forty eight eyes had superior and 36 eyes had inferior branch retinal vein occlusion. Morphological patterns of macular edema were classified: cystoid macular edema, cystoid macular edema with serous retinal detachment, diffuse macular edema and diffuse macular edema with serous retinal detachment of which 68 (80.95%) had cystoid macular edema. Out of 84 eyes, 30 (35.71%) had inner and outer segment (IS/OS) junction disruption.
Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography is a safe and noninvasive technique. Serous retinal detachment and photoreceptors disruption may go unnoticed unless OCT is performed. It can measure the changes in retinal thickness and thus predict the visual outcomes in patients with macular edema.
Role of Psychological Stress and Choroidal Thickness in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Mathews Reshmi , Horo Saban , Jose Deepa , Kavalakatt Joel Antony , J Grace Rebekah , John Sheeja Susan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a disease with a multifactorial aetiology. 
Objectives: To evaluate the role of psychological stress and choroidal thickness in patients with CSCR.
Materials and methods: This was a hospital-based, analytical cross-sectional study, conducted at Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, from 2018 February to 2019 September, after the approval of the Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee. Patients who satisfied the eligibility criteria of the study, were selected from the outpatient clinics of the Department of Ophthalmology. Twenty-five patients with unilateral CSCR (Group 1 - cases), and 50 age and gender-matched patients without CSCR (Group 2 - controls), randomly selected in a 1:2 ratio, were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Psychological stress was assessed using Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). All patients had a Swept Source optical coherence tomography scan of the macula. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) of both eyes of all participants was measured using a standard protocol. The data were collated and analysed, using Independent samples t-test and Chi-square/ Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate, with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). 
Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in mean stress scores (p <0.01), as well as stress categories (p <0.01). Although there was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between the two groups (p = 0.33), there was a significant difference both in the mean systolic (p <0.01) and diastolic (p <0.01) blood pressure between the two groups. We found a significant difference between mean SFCT of CSCR eyes (421+/- 78.34 μm) and control eyes (314.24 +/- 52.48 μm, p <0.01), as well as between fellow eyes (396.20 +/- 68.79 μm) and control eyes (314.24 +/- 52.48 μm, p <0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the mean SFCT of CSCR eyes and fellow eyes (p =0.24).
Conclusion: The findings reiterate the concept that the underlying pathophysiological changes leading to CSCR involve both the eyes of the patient. Psychological stress and hypertension may be factors that play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of the pachychoroid-related changes leading to CSCR. Stress relief measures, with a holistic approach to management, should be an integral part of the therapeutic strategies for CSCR.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Management of Persistent Secondary Macular Hole with Epiretinal Proliferation
Authors: Zangmo Ugyen , Jayanna Sushma , Shanmugam Mahesh P
Published: May 2024

Background: Aetiology for non-closure of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) becomes crucial in determining the method of effective mode of intervention. Association of epiretinal proliferation (ERP) along with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) have shown poorer anatomic and visual outcomes after surgical intervention. Various surgical techniques have been described in literature for treatment of persistent MH.
Case: We report a A 60-year-old female patient with FTMH secondary to branched retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) initially associated with ERP.
Observations: She was successfully managed by treating with combination of intravitreal injection of off label bevacizumab (Avastin) (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) and pure gas of SF6 (1 cc) under topical anaesthesia after an initial surgical intervention. 
Conclusion: Presence of ERP in retinal vein occlusion cases needs closer and frequent follow up. IVB can be used as an adjunct in treating secondary MH.
Pterygium Surgery with Autologous Graft with Glue versus Sutures
Authors: Bohara Dikshya
Published: May 2024

Not available.
Analysis of Service Quality and Strategies from Customers’ and Franchisor’s Perspectives: A Case of The Burger House and Crunchy Fried Chicken
Authors: Poudel Dinesh , Pandey Kul Prasad
Published: May 2024

The Burger House and Crunchy Fried Chicken is a blooming franchise model with strategically distributed outlets in major areas of the Kathmandu valley. The purpose of the study was to probe the management strategies and regulations followed by the franchisor, and the perceived service qualities of the outlet from the customer’s standpoint, further resulting in the increased brand value of the CFC. During the study, the store manager of the franchisor was interviewed to gather information about management practices and regulations mandated by the franchisor to its franchisees. Next, the customers within the outlet were selected using convenience sampling methods and were presented with a set of questionnaires to rate the perceived qualities of the CFC Sankhamul outlet. Finally, customer reviews from Google Maps were analyzed to gather customer sentiments relating to the CFC service quality. The CFC franchisor, inclusive of Mr. Basanta and the team, was found to have been actively engaged in due attainment of uniform service quality through monthly inspection, routine strategic meetings, facilitation of training, and distribution of spices and ingredients within the outlets. The study reveals that customers perceive CFC Sankhamul outlets to have higher reliability, followed by tangible factors. Similarly, CFC was perceived to have low empathetic and average responsive and assurance qualities.
Impact of Digital Technology Usage on Children’s Behavior: A Case Study
Authors: Lamsal Asmita , Gurung Golman
Published: May 2024

In the era of digital technology, various technologies have been used with the change in time and found to be updated. But there are limited research updates related to the impact of digital technology today on children. This study aims to examine the effect of digital technology usage on children’s behavior. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is used in the study. Children’s behavior talks about aggression, slow responsiveness, socially inactive, and anxiety. The research study was designed to identify the impacts of digital technology usage on children’s behavior at Ramailo Pathshala School, Jarankhu, Kathmandu. Only one variable is taken as an independent variable in the study, i.e., digital technology usage. Here, children’s behavior is taken as the dependent variable. Data collection was done with the help of a structured questionnaire which was distributed among 125 students, out of which 105 students represent the sample size. Descriptive, relational, and causal research designs were used in this study and correlation and regression were used as major statistical tools. The findings revealed that digital technology usage significantly affects children’s behavior
OBLIGATION TO COMPLY WITH ICJ DECISIONS: THE "JURISDICTIONAL IMMUNITIES" SAGA WITHIN THE ITALIAN LEGAL ORDER
Authors: Kuc Oktawian
Published: May 2024

The 2012 judgment of the International Court of Justice in "Jurisdictional Immunities" concerned the application of state immunities in Italian courts and its failure to recognize the rights of Germany in this regard. Once the ICJ found Italy in violation of international customary law and ordered that relevant judicial decisions should cease to have effect, Article 94 of the UN Charter providing for the obligation to comply with ICJ decisions began to apply. The paper tracks down attempts to implement "Jurisdictional Immunities" in the Italian legal regime, analyses different – legislative and judicial – means of compliance, and presents general observations on the complexity associated with the fulfilment of the obligation to comply.
Similarities and differences in teaching behavior for honors and regular bachelor’s education
Authors: Kingma Tineke , Smits Anneke , Heijne-Penninga Marjolein , Jaarsma Debbie , Voogt Joke
Published: May 2024

Many institutions of higher education offer honors education, but research on teacher behavior in honors classes is scarce. Our aim is to gain deeper understanding of how teachers adapt their teaching practices in the honors classroom as compared with the regular classroom. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 Dutch teachers who teach in both types of classroom. Using self-determination theory as an analytical framework, we found that teachers supported the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in both settings in order to promote intrinsic motivation. However, there were differences in how and why these behaviors were enacted. Teachers had different ways of expressing basic psychological needs. In the regular classroom, the main focus of the teachers is on preparing students to become autonomous professionals, whereas in the honors classroom, the main focus is on personal development and individual learning.
A Human Factors and Systems-Thinking approach to Veterinary Patient Safety Education: Why, What, and How?
Authors: Cathcart Emma J. , Russell Elly , Schortz Lisen , Mossop Liz H.
Published: May 2024

Preparing graduates to practice safely in today's increasingly complex veterinary workplaces is a key aim for veterinary educators. This requires embedding veterinary patient safety concepts into already full curricula. This teaching tip explores the benefits of incorporating human factors and systems-thinking principles into the design and delivery of veterinary patient safety education, showing how these can inform both what is taught and how. We explore what taking a human factors approach to veterinary patient safety education means, inviting educators to rethink not just curricular content but the whole approach to delivery. Advocating for the adoption of a systems-thinking-informed approach to curriculum design, we present a two-stage curriculum mapping process to support educators to embed core human factors principles as a way of thinking and doing for learners and faculty alike. Learning theories and educational design that align with human factors principles promote participatory methods and encourage collaborative experiential learning, critical thinking, and authentic application of knowledge and skills. Educators should explore opportunities presented by interprofessional education and workplace-based learning for practical application of these principles. Barriers to an integrated human factors-based patient safety curriculum include inconsistent terminology and understanding, significant faculty development requirements, and assessment challenges associated with existing regulatory and licensing requirements. Practical approaches to addressing these barriers are discussed. The recommendations outlined for the design and delivery of veterinary patient safety curricula will help ensure that institutions develop graduates that are effectively prepared for the complexity they will meet in the veterinary workplace, leading to improved patient safety and overall workplace well-being.
A INVISIBILIDADE DA PARTICIPAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA DOS PRESOS PROVISÓRIOS NO DIREITO AO VOTO NO BRASIL
Authors: Sousa Felipe Dias de , Santana Fabian Serejo
Published: May 2024

Este artigo analisa, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e documental, o direito de voto dos presos provisórios no Brasil, investigando os desafios legais, éticos, sociais e práticos que dificultam sua efetivação. Destaca a importância deste direito como pilar da democracia e evidencia que, apesar de ser um direito constitucional, a participação eleitoral deste grupo é frequentemente ignorada. Embora a legislação brasileira preveja a suspensão dos direitos políticos apenas em caso de condenação criminal definitiva, o baixo nível de participação eleitoral entre os presos provisórios revela desafios como a falta de acesso à informação e de inclusão no processo eleitoral. Diante dessa realidade, é necessário explorar perspectivas que garantam a participação democrática dessas pessoas e assegurem a efetividade deste direito fundamental.
Literature Review of the Stigma of People Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Laitres Karina
Published: May 2024

I live in a community with a large homeless population. I witness and take part in conversations with community members and have noted that a seemingly large portion of them have little empathy, education, or understanding of what it means to be homeless. These conversations are often very polarizing, as there are many stigmas regarding the homeless population. I am passionate about promoting change. I want to educate the community, to help them understand and have empathy. In my attempt to decrease the stigmas that homeless people face, I have completed a literature review to research what these stigmas are and how to address them effectively.  I aim to find ways to most effectively educate my community on homelessness.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI MAHASISWA IKIP PGRI PONTIANAK
Authors: Ramadhani Dochi , Sulistiyarini Dewi , Sabirin Febrianto , Hadiyan Dimas
Published: May 2024

Thesis is a scientific work that is a requirement for obtaining a Bachelor's degree. Thesis guidance is an important part of completing the thesis so a system is needed that can facilitate student thesis guidance at the Information Technology Education Program (P.TI), IKIP PGRI Pontianak. Management Information System of Student Thesis Guidance (SIMBISA) was developed using the ADDIE model. The instruments used were interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The subjects in the study consisted of 2 system experts and 20 prospective system users. Test results by system experts show that SIMBISA is feasible to use and gets a very good response from potential users so that it can be implemented in the P.TI IKIP PGRI Pontianak.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN DIGITAL TERHADAP DISRUPSI INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN DALAM IMPLEMENTASI MERDEKA BELAJAR
Authors: Adriantoni Adriantoni , Alfiyandri Alfiyandri , Kenedi Gusril
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model kepemimpinan digital kepala sekolah dalam mengatasi disrupsi inovasi pembelajaran dalam implementasi merdeka belajar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu eksploratory sequential, sabjek penelitian berupa guru berjumlah 200 orang. Teknik yang digunakan berupa angket dan wawancara mendalam. Selanjutnya analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptip, uji t, SEM dan analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model pengukuran yang diperoleh valid dan layak, sedangkan model struktural baik dengan Q2 (Stone Geiser Q-Square) yaitu 0,823, yang berarti model memiliki prevalensi prediksi yang tinggi. Sehingga, model struktural yang dihasilkan sangat layak digunakan untuk memprediksi. Kesimpulannya bahwa secara langsung kapasitas kepemimpinan digital berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap disrupsi inovasi pembelajaran dan disrupsi inovasi pembelajaran secara langsung berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kebijakan merdeka belajar. Secara tidak langsung kapasitas kepemimpinan digital memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kebijakan merdeka belajar yang dimediasi oleh disrupsi inovasi pembelajaran.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL MATA KULIAH TEORI DAN APRESIASI SASTRA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Azkiya Hidayati , Syofiani  , Yuza Arlina , Welianto P Verly
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kevalitan dan kepraktisan e-modul berbasis kearifan lokal. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang menerapkan model pengembangan 4-D. Adapun Instrumen penelitian adalah lembar validitas dan praktikalitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari dosen ahli materi tentang aspek kelayakan isi dan keterpaduan dengan nilai 92% berkategori sangat valid. Sedangkan dari dosen ahli desain berdasarkan aspek penyajian dan kegrafisan 87% dengan kategori valid. Selanjutnya, dosen ahli bahasa dengan aspek kebahasaan dengan nilai 93% berkategori sangat valid. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian ketiga dosen tersebut, didapatkan rata-rata keseluruhan 90% dengan kategori sangat valid. Untuk uji praktikalitas dosen diperoleh rata-rata 93% berkategori sangat praktis sedangkan mahasiswa diperoleh rata-rata 95% berkategori sangat praktis. Dari penjelasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan e-modul berbasis kearifan lokal pada mata kuliah Teori dan Apresiasi Sastra dengan materi puisi dapat dikategorikan sangat valid dan sangat praktis.
Pengembangan video profil dwibahasa untuk promosi wisata daerah di Kabupaten Landak
Authors: Agung Antonius Setyawan Sugeng Nur , Siboro Efrika , Jumarliati Epipania , Dewi Rosalia , Maranatha Yolanda , Mamuraja Saho
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan pembuatan video profil pariwisata daerah. Memanfaatkan ide-ide dasar dari Model Teks Mentor, Mentor Video berfungsi sebagai model bagaimana membuat konten video untuk profil pariwisata. Mahasiswa yang tergabung dalam mata kuliah Penerjemahan pada semester kelima tahun akademik 2021-2022 dipilih untuk penelitian ini karena analisis konten video yang mereka selesaikan selaras dengan tujuan hasil pembelajaran yaitu kefasihan dalam praktik penerjemahan. Pendampingan video digunakan sebagai tahap awal Riset dan Pengembangan (RnD) dalam penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan penilaian dan umpan balik yang mendalam untuk pembelajaran berbasis proyek untuk menghasilkan video yang menampilkan pariwisata lokal. Kekayaan media ditambahkan ke dalam materi video profil pariwisata daerah sebagai konsekuensi dari hasil analisis dan tinjauan literatur. Narasi dalam bahasa Inggris dan deskripsi dwi-bahasa dalam bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris ditemukan sebagai tambahan yang diperlukan berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan. Mengingat pemirsa video promosi profil pariwisata kemungkinan besar berasal dari berbagai latar belakang pendidikan, sosial, dan kebangsaan, dwi-bahasa merupakan pendekatan yang sesuai.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression Symptoms Among Aquaculture Workers in Hai Phong, Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nguyen Van Tam , Tran Thi Quynh Chi , Nguyen Hoang Viet Duc , Do Thi Hue
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among aquaculture workers in Hai Phong, Vietnam. Material and Methods: The study involved 1,220 aquaculture workers in coastal and offshore areas of Hai Phong, Vietnam; from March 2022 to September 2022. It was a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study, utilizing direct interviews with aquaculture workers to identify depression symptoms and associated factors. The Depression-Anxiety- Stress Scale (DASS 21) was used to assess depression symptoms. Results: The prevalence of depression symptoms among aquaculture workers was 28.7%, with 20.9% experiencing mild depression, 6.3% moderate depression and 1.5% severe depression. Several factors were associated with depression symptoms; including gender (OR=2.03; 95% CI 1.56-2.63), being single or divorced (OR=1.44; 95% CI 1.04-1.99), age ≥60 (OR=1.63; 95% CI 1.05-2.55) compared to those under 40, chronic illnesses (OR=3.16; 95% CI 2.43-4.11), poor sleep quality (OR=2.84; 95% CI 2.13-3.79), alcohol abuse (OR=1.36; 95% CI 1.06-1.75), and irregular physical exercise (OR=2.09; 95% CI 1.62-2.70). Conclusion: Depression disorder is a mental health concern among aquaculture workers. To alleviate depression symptoms, workers should consider lifestyle adjustments, incorporate regular physical exercise, and undergo routine health check-ups for timely counseling and treatment.
La Tumba 3 del Templo XVIII-A de Palenque y su pintura mural
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, Universidad Autónoma de México, González Austria Noguez Liliana
Published: May 2024

La Tumba 3 del Templo XVIII-A de Palenque es el lugar en donde se localizó el entierro primario más antiguo conocido hasta el momento en este sitio arqueológico y, por lo tanto, la fuente más importante para acercarnos a una parte de la historia temprana de esta ciudad. En la cámara fue enterrado un hombre con escoliosis idiopática severa acompañado de una mujer. El hombre tenía restos de cinabrio en su pelvis con fines conservativos y simbólicos. Su ajuar funerario consistía en platos y cuencos rojos y negros del complejo cerámico Motiepa, jades, conchas, una máscara y unas hachuelas de un cinturón ceremonial. Las paredes y las jambas estaban decoradas con un fondo blanco de estuco con figuras en rojo realizadas con cinabrio. Desde el descubrimiento de esta tumba se ha especulado sobre su posible dueño: K’uk B’ahlam (431-435), Ch’a (435-487), B’utz’aj Sak Chiik (487-501) y Ahku’l Mo’ Naahb’ I (501-524), ya que ha sido considerada como el modelo de K’ihnich Janaab’ Pakal para realizar su propio mausoleo en el Templo de las Inscripciones. Pero el enigma continúa ya que recientes pruebas de radiocarbono la ubican antes que todos ellos (250-420 d. C.).
Sphenoptera sp. (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) threatening wild cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) population
Authors: TIMANA MOSES , DUBE ZAKHELENI , NKUNA NCOBILE , SEBATI MMAGADIMA , MKHWANAZI THOBILE , UBISI RIVONINGO
Published: May 2024

Cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) is a medicinal plant indigenous to Southern Africa, important in the treatment of diverse human diseases and ailments. The rampant harvesting in the wild has threatened many indigenous medicinal plants. To safeguard this national treasure, cultivation has been recommended. Recently, substantial insect damage to the wild population of cancer bush in the Limpopo province has been observed. Currently, there are no reports of insect pests associated with cancer bush, hence the objective of this study was to use morphological and molecular tools in the identification of insect pest associated with extensive damage to wild cancer bush populations in Makgophong and Tubatse, Limpopo Province, South Africa from March to June 2023. Plants were cut longitudinally to expose insects inside the stem, and a microscope at 40X magnification, was used to examine the morphological characteristics of insects found. Insect species found were further confirmed using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI). All life stages of the beetle except the egg stage were observed in the plant, and the morphological and molecular examination of these specimens revealed that the adults and larvae corresponded with the descriptions of Sphenoptera species. This is the first positive confirmation of Sphenoptera species associated with cancer bush and urgent development of management strategies is needed if this plant population (species) is to be conserved.
Influence of minimization of tillage methods and direct seeding on soil biogenicity and development of nitrogen bacterium in soil and climatic conditions of the south-east of the Central chernozem region
Authors: Garmashov V. M. , Garmashova L. V.
Published: May 2024

In long-term studies of soil biogenicity and the development of nitrogen bacteria, conducted in order to study changes in soil processes while minimizing tillage and direct sowing, it was shown that in the soil and climatic conditions of the south-east of the Central chernozem region in the grain crop rotation, there was a decrease in soil biogenicity and an increase in its dependence on weather conditions. The most favorable conditions for the development of azotobacter were formed when plowing to a depth of 20–22 cm, with an average annual number of 445 CFT/50 g of soil in a layer of 0–20 cm. Minimization of tillage led to deterioration of the soil environment conditions for the development of azotobacter, which increased with the duration of its use. Glyphosate-containing herbicides with zero tillage and prolonged use had a depressing effect on the development of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus nitrogen bacteria. The use of mineral fertilizers N60P60K60 with zero tillage reduced the negative effect of glyphosate-containing preparations on microflora and nitrogen bacteria in ordinary chernozem.
Assessment of the impact of methods of biologization of the agrocenosis of apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) on soil fertility and plant productivity
Authors: Klimenko O. E. , Sotnik A. I. , Popov A. I.
Published: May 2024

The influence of methods of biologization of the agrocenosis of the orchard, including soil blackening with cereal-legume mixtures of perennial grasses in combination with the introduction of biofertilizers of various spectrum of action, on soil fertility and productivity of apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) has been studied. The study was carried out in a two-factor long-term field experiment on meadow soils of the Salgir River valley (Republic of Crimea). It was revealed that the biologization of the agrocenosis of the apple tree contributed to the enrichment of the soil with organic matter, increased the content of its active components, led to the accumulation of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium with a slight decrease in the content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil. At the same time, the concentration of nutrients in the leaves of the apple tree, including nitrogen, increased. All this contributed to an increase in the yield of fruits. Quantitative relationships between indicators of soil fertility and productivity of apple trees have been revealed. The obtained dependencies allowed us to build a model of productivity of Golden Delicious apple trees during the biologization of its agrocenosis. The most effective combination of the studied methods of biologization is the use of soil blackening with a cereal-bean mixture 3 (CBM3) with bacterization of the root system of an apple tree with a nitrogen-fixing strain (NFS).
Effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment with plant growth regulators to improve the productivity of Astragalus babatagi and A. xanthomeloides
Authors: Kurbanova E. R. , Zakirova R. P. , Umarova N. S. , Khalikov S. S. , Chkanikov N. D.
Published: May 2024

In 2022, under the conditions of the growing experience of the IHR of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan on plants Astragalus babatagi and Astragalus xanthomeloides, optimal sowing dates and options for seed treatment with plant growth regulators and organo-mineral fertilizer were studied. The positive effect of pre-sowing seed treatment was revealed, which significantly affected the increase in seed productivity and plant phytomass. It was found that pre-sowing treatment of Astragalus babatagi seeds with Uchkun plus, Floroxan and potassium Humate Prompter preparations contributed to an increase in seed yield from one bed by 1.0, 0.98 and 0.8 g relative to scarified seeds and an increase in phytomass yield by 189, 197 and 186 g, respectively. The increase in the yield of Astragalus xanthomeloides seeds from one bed in experimental versions using Uchkun plus, Floroxan and potassium Humate Prompter increased by 0.92, 1.05 and 0.62 g, respectively, compared with the “scarification” option, and compared with the control by 1.82, 1.95 and 1.52 g, respectively. The yield of phytomass increased by 53.7, 61.2 and 30.7 g relative to the variant of scarified seeds, whereas in relation to the control these indicators increased by 103, 110 and 79.8 g, respectively.
Electromagnetic ULF Fields from an Underground Seismic Source on the Earth’s Surface and in the Ionosphere
Authors: Mazur N. G. , Fedorov E. N. , Pilipenko V. A. , Borovleva K. E.
Published: May 2024

A theoretical formalism has been developed to calculate the electromagnetic fields generated in the atmosphere–ionosphere system by a finitelength underground horizontal current source. A numerical model with a realistic profile of the ionosphere in a vertical geomagnetic field has been designed based on this theory. It is shown that the apparent impedance of the electromagnetic field created by an underground source on the Earth’s surface is one order of magnitude higher than the Earth’s impedance, which can be used to discriminate perturbations from seismogenic sources. The presented results of numerical modeling allow us to relate perturbations created by a large-scale underground source in the Earth surface magnetic field and in the electric field in the ionosphere. Based on these model estimates it is concluded that many of the ULF electric field perturbations detected in satellite data before earthquakes cannot be attributed to direct emission from seismogenic sources.
Comparative Analysis and Unified Derivation of Reissner’s Equations For 2D Bending of Thick Plates and Timoshenko’s Equations for Bending of Beams
Authors: Trubitsyn V. P. , Trubitsyn A. P.
Published: May 2024

Currently, calculations of flexural deformations of lithospheric plates are carried out on the basis of Kirchhoff’s theory of bending of thin plates formulated about 170 years ago. The paper examines the possibility of refining these calculations based on the theory of bending of thick plates by Timoshenko and Reissner. A new unified derivation is presented of the Timoshenko equations for 2D bending of beams and the Reissner equations for bending of slabs by direct transformation of the general elasticity equations with a simple approximate replacement of power cubic functions with effective linear ones. This derivation offers a simpler and more detailed understanding of the difference between the equations and the meaning of the simplifications made in these theories. By comparing the analytical solutions of the Timoshenko and Reissner equations with the existing test analytical solutions of the exact elasticity equations, quantitative estimates of the accuracy of these theories are presented.