bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of planar and wideangle resonant color absorbers for applications in the visible spectrum
Authors: Gomes de Souza Igor Leonardo , Rodriguez-Esquerre Vitaly Felix
Published: May 2019

We propose a design approach for color absorbers based on a tri-layer metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) planar geometry, which maintains the same color absorbed, over a range of incident angles from 0° to 80° for light with TM polarization. The dielectrics are chosen to satisfy the ideal conditions of resonance. We calculate the ideal thickness of each dielectric layer by using the planar resonance theory. The numerical results show a total absorption above 85% for all colors of the absorber. We analyzed the influence of the of the metallic top layer thickness and we demonstrated the fabrication error tolerance of the proposed absorber. Finally, we present and discuss the physical mechanisms for the coupling of the electromagnetic field and the absorbed optical power in the structure.
Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation
Authors: Kim Yun Gi , Shim Jaemin , Oh Suk-Kyu , Lee Kwang-No , Choi Jong-Il , Kim Young-Hoon
Published: May 2019

Ischemic stroke after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is a great challenge for electrophysiologists. We performed this retrospective study to evaluate clinical and echocardiographic characteristics associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke following RFCA. A total of 2,352 consecutive patients with AF who underwent first-time RFCA were analyzed. Among 10,023 patient*year follow up, ischemic stroke occurred in 49 patients (0.49% per year). Late recurrence after last RFCA was significantly associated with ischemic stroke (3.8% vs. 12.9%, p < 0.001). Old age (≥60 years old) (3.2% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.001), non-paroxysmal AF (hazard ratio = 1.91, p = 0.024), left atrium (LA) size ≥45.0 mm (6.6% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.001), E over E’ ≥10 (4.3% vs. 20.1%, p < 0.001), dense spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) (5.2% vs. 19.0%, p = 0.006), and decreased left atrial appendage (LAA) flow velocity (≤40 cm/sec) (4.1% vs. 10.8%, p < 0.001) were also associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke. The REVEEAL score derived from the risk factors identified in this study was superior to CHA2DS2-VASc score (p < 0.001) for the prediction of ischemic stroke. In conclusion, the risk factors for ischemic stroke in post-RFCA AF patients are not identical to RFCA naive AF patients and different approach to stratify the risk of ischemic stroke is needed.
Comparison of cytological adequacy and pain scale score in ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of solid thyroid nodules for liquid-based cytology with with 23- and 25-gauge needles: a single-center prospective study
Authors: Lee Yoo Jin , Kim Dong Wook , Shin Gi Won , Heo Young Jin , Baek Jin Wook , Choo Hye Jung , Cho Young Jun , Jung Soo Jin , Baek Hye Jin
Published: May 2019

In ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of solid thyroid nodules (STN) using liquid-based cytology (LBC), the most appropriate needle size for LBC remains unclear. This study compared the cytological adequacy and complications associated with using 23- and 25-gauge needles in US-guided FNA of STNs using LBC. US-guided FNA was performed in consecutive patients by one radiologist to diagnose STNs ≥ 5 mm in the largest diameter. The one-sampling technique through a single needle puncture and multiple to-and-fro needle motions was used in each patient. The 23- and 25-guage needles were used consecutively each day. After FNA, the pain and complications experienced by each patient were investigated by a nurse, who was blinded to the information of needle gauge used. A cytopathologist retrospectively analyzed the cytological adequacy and cellularity of the cases. Of the 99 STNs, eight (8.1%) exhibited inadequate cytology (4 each with 23- and 25-gauge needles). The rate of cytological adequacy was not statistically different between the groups (p = 0.631). The mean pain scale values with 23- and 25-gauge needles were 2.1 ± 1.3 and 1.6 ± 1.3, respectively (p = 0.135). There were no significant complications in either group. In conclusion, both 23- and 25-gauge needles are useful in LBC because cytological adequacy and complications were not statistically different with both sizes of the needles.
Impact and consequences of dietary riboflavin deficiency treatment on flesh quality loss in on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Jiang Wei-Dan , Chen Liang , Liu Yang , Feng Lin , Wu Pei , Jiang Jun , Kuang Sheng-Yao , Tang Ling , Tang Wu-Neng , Zhou Xiao-Qiu
Published: May 2019

Fish is among the cheapest and most promising sources of animal protein.
CuI anchored onto mesoporous SBA-16 functionalized by aminated 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane with thiosemicarbazide (SBA-16/GPTMS-TSC-CuI): a heterogeneous mesostructured catalyst for S-arylation reaction under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Ghodsinia Sara S. E. , Akhlaghinia Batool
Published: May 2019

The catalytic activity of SBA-16/GPTMS-TSC-CuI as a novel and efficient heterogeneous catalyst was investigated for S-arylation reaction under solvent-free conditions.
Thermal stability of aluminum oxide nanoparticles: role of oxygen concentration
Authors: Ramírez Max , González Rafael I. , Baltazar Samuel E. , Rojas-Nunez Javier , Allende Sebastián , Valdivia Juan Alejandro , Rogan José , Kiwi Miguel , Valencia Felipe J.
Published: May 2019

Oxygen incorporation yields an Al2O3nanoparticle with a Janus-like morphology.
Identifying structural signatures of shear banding in model polymer nanopillars
Authors: Ivancic Robert J. S. , Riggleman Robert A.
Published: May 2019

Shear band formation often proceeds fracture in amorphous materials. While mesoscale models postulate an underlying defect structure to explain this phenomenon, they do not detail the microscopic properties of these defects especially in strongly confined materials. Here, we use machine learning methods to uncover these microscopic defects in simulated polymer nanopillars.
Rapid isolation of cfDNA from large-volume whole blood on a centrifugal microfluidic chip based on immiscible phase filtration
Authors: Hu Fei , Li Juan , Peng Niancai , Li Zheng , Zhang Zengming , Zhao Shuhao , Duan Mingyue , Tian Hui , Li Lei , Zhang Peng
Published: May 2019

The C-IFAST device enabled the rapid isolation of cfDNA, from 4 ml whole blood to 50 μl elution, within 15 min.
MA2CoBr4: lead-free cobalt-based perovskite for electrochemical conversion of water to oxygen
Authors: Babu Ramavath , Vardhaman Anil Kumar , Dhavale Vishal M. , Giribabu Lingamallu , Singh Surya Prakash
Published: May 2019

We have synthesized a lead-free stable organic–inorganic perovskite (MA2CoBr4) by using non-hazardous solvents such as methanol and ethanol, which are eco-friendly and safe to handle in comparison to DMF, toluene, etc.
Toward enhanced conductivity of high-temperature proton exchange membranes: development of novel PIM-1 reinforced PBI alloy membranes
Authors: Wang Peng , Liu Zhenchao , Li Xiaobai , Peng Jinwu , Hu Wei , Liu Baijun
Published: May 2019

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity are for the first time incorporated into PBIs to form some novel alloys for HT-PEMFC applications.
“C–H⋯π Interaction” regulates the stereoselectivity in olefin polymerization
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Luo Gen , Kang Xiaohui , Guo Fang , Zhu Xuefeng , Zheng Rencheng , Hou Zhaomin , Luo Yi
Published: May 2019

DFT calculations reveal that a coordinating THF plays an essential role in regulating the stereoselectivity via C–H⋯π noncovalent interaction.
Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of tetrahydrocarbazoles
Authors: Tan Fen , Cheng Hong-Gang
Published: May 2019

This feature article summarises recent advances in catalytic asymmetric synthesis of THCs, with emphases on reaction type and reaction mechanism.
Synthesis and characterization of metallapentalenoxazetes by the [2+2] cycloaddition of metallapentalynes with nitrosoarenes
Authors: Deng Zhihong , Zhu Congqing , Hua Yuhui , He Guomei , Guo Ying , Lu Ruqiang , Cao Xiaoyu , Chen Jiangxi , Xia Haiping
Published: May 2019

The cycloaddition of metallapentalynes with nitrosoarenes produces metallapentalenoxazetes, in which two unstable frameworks are stabilized with a metal fragment.
Small-molecule fluorescent probes for specific detection and imaging of chemical species inside lysosomes
Authors: Zhu Jun-Long , Xu Zheng , Yang Yangyang , Xu Lin
Published: May 2019

This feature article comprehensively summarizes the development of small-molecule fluorescent probes for specific detection and imaging of chemical species inside lysosomes.
Hydrogen atom attachment to histidine and tryptophan containing peptides in the gas phase
Authors: Asakawa Daiki , Takahashi Hidenori , Iwamoto Shinichi , Tanaka Koichi
Published: May 2019

In this study, we focus on the gas-phase fragmentation induced by the attachment of hydrogen atoms to the histidine and tryptophan residue side-chains in the peptide that provides the fragment ions due to Cα–Cβ bond cleavage.
Tuning of nonlinear absorption in highly luminescent CdSe based quantum dots with core–shell and core/multi-shell architectures
Authors: Bhagyaraj Sneha , Perumbilavil Sreekanth , Udayabashkar R. , Mangalaraja R. V. , Thomas Sabu , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Oluwafemi Oluwatobi Samuel
Published: May 2019

A systematic investigation of the size dependent NLO properties of ultrasmall CdSe based core–shell and core/multi-shell QDs.
2D oxides on metal materials: concepts, status, and perspectives
Authors: Barcaro Giovanni , Fortunelli Alessandro
Published: May 2019

Two-dimensional oxide-on-metal materials: concepts, methods, and link to technological applications, with 5 subtopics: structural motifs, robustness, catalysis, ternaries, and nanopatterning.
Tuning the electronic structure properties of MoS2 monolayers with carbon doping
Authors: da Cunha Wiliam Ferreira , dos Santos Ramiro Marcelo , de Sousa Júnior Rafael Timóteo , Santos Renato Batista , e Silva Geraldo Magela , Ribeiro Júnior Luiz Antônio
Published: May 2019

The structural and electronic properties of MoS2 sheets doped with carbon line domains are theoretically investigated through density functional theory calculations.
Kinetics and equilibrium constants of oligonucleotides at low concentrations. Hybridization and melting study
Authors: Bielec Krzysztof , Sozanski Krzysztof , Seynen Marco , Dziekan Zofia , ten Wolde Pieter Rein , Holyst Robert
Published: May 2019

Although DNA hybridization/melting is one of the most important biochemical reactions, the non-trivial kinetics of the process is not yet fully understood.
How ions block the single-file water transport through a carbon nanotube
Authors: Su Zhenglong , Chen Jingyi , Zhao Yunzhen , Su Jiaye
Published: May 2019

Ions can not only block the water entering but also slow down the water motion inside a CNT.
Synthesis and direct comparison of the anticancer activities of phomopsolides D and E and two 7-oxa-/7-aza-analogues
Authors: Aljahdali Alhanouf Z. , Freedman Seth A. , Scott Jana , Li Miaosheng , O'Doherty George A.
Published: May 2019

The synthesis and biological evaluation of two phomopsolide natural products (D and E) and two analogues is presented.
Prodrug strategies for targeted therapy triggered by reactive oxygen species
Authors: Peiró Cadahía Jorge , Previtali Viola , Troelsen Nikolaj S. , Clausen Mads H.
Published: May 2019

A comprehensive review of ROS-activated produg strategies for targeted therapy, including state-of-the-art and future perspectives.
Unusual complexation behaviors of R-BTPs with water molecule and Pd(ii) caused by electronic modulation of substituents on BTP backbone: new insights into palladium separation under the framework of minor actinides’ partitioning
Authors: Xu Lei , Zhang Anyun , Pu Ning , Lu Yanchao , Yang Hua , Liu Ziyang , Ji Yanqin
Published: May 2019

A 1 : 1 solid palladium complex with any tridentate bis-triazine ligand has been isolated and structurally characterized for the first time.
Fluorescence sensing and magnetic properties of three coordination polymers based on 6-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl)nicotinic acid and pyridine/imidazole linkers
Authors: Zhang Jie , Gao Lingling , Wang Yang , Zhai Lijun , Wang Xiaoqing , Niu Xiaoyan , Hu Tuoping
Published: May 2019

Three new coordination polymers (CPs) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of 1 and 2 and the fluorescence properties of 3 were also investigated.
Fe3O4@SiO2mesoporous spheres as Fe(ii) donors loaded with artemisinin and a photosensitizer to alleviate tumor hypoxia in PDT for enhanced anticancer therapy
Authors: Qin Xiang , Zhang Hongyue , Wang Zhiqiang , Jin Yingxue
Published: May 2019

Fe3O4@SiO2as an Fe(ii) donor loaded with artemisinin and photosensitizer to alleviate hypoxia in PDT showed excellent anticancer activity.
Nitro- and fluoro-substituted tetraphenyl–phenyl grafted polysiloxanes as stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography
Authors: Liu Jingchen , Xu Li , Bai Jianchun , Du Aiqin , Wu Bo
Published: May 2019

This work reports the synthesis of 2,5-di(4-nitrophenyl)-3,4-di(3,5-difluorophenyl)phenyl grafted polysiloxane (NDPP; containing 12.4% 2,5-di(4-nitrophenyl)-3,4-di(3,5-difluorophenyl)phenyl groups) for gas-chromatography (GC) separation.
Self-sorting assembly of a calixarene/crown ether polypseudorotaxane gated by ion-pairing
Authors: Manganaro Nadia , Pisagatti Ilenia , Notti Anna , Parisi Melchiorre F. , Gattuso Giuseppe
Published: May 2019

A polypseudorotaxane composed of a calix[5]arene-diammonium supramolecular polymer and dibenzo-24-crown-8 wheels self-assembles only in the presence of superweak counterions
Hyaluronic acid conjugated polydopamine functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for synergistic targeted chemo-photothermal therapy
Authors: Chen Chao , Tang Wen , Jiang Dawei , Yang Guoliang , Wang Xiaoli , Zhou Lina , Zhang Weian , Wang Ping
Published: May 2019

This work reports a new strategy in surface fabrication of nano-drug delivery systems to achieve site-specific synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy.
Two-dimensional porous silicon nanosheets as anode materials for high performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Tang Jingjing , Yin Qifang , Wang Qian , Li Qianqian , Wang Hongtao , Xu Zhenglong , Yao Haimin , Yang Juan , Zhou Xiangyang , Kim Jang-Kyo , Zhou Limin
Published: May 2019

Porous silicon nanosheets are fabricated and exhibit good capacity and superb cyclability. Molecular dynamics simulation is performed to reveal the capacity-porosity correlation.
Ultrathin Rh nanosheets as a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for isopropanol-assisted overall water splitting
Authors: Zhao Yue , Xing Shihui , Meng Xinying , Zeng Jinghui , Yin Shibin , Li Xifei , Chen Yu
Published: May 2019

In this work, we report energy-saving H2 production by replacing the oxygen evolution reaction with the thermodynamic favorable isopropanol oxidation reaction (IOR) based on a bifunctional ultrathin Rh nanosheets electrocatalyst (Rh-NSs), which only requires the voltage of 0.4 V to achieve the H2 and acetone co-production.
Solid-phase synthesis of biocompatible N-heterocyclic carbene–Pd catalysts using a sub-monomer approach
Authors: Cherukaraveedu Durgadas , Cowling Paul T. , Birch Gavin P. , Bradley Mark , Lilienkampf Annamaria
Published: May 2019

Biocompatible N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) based Pd ligands were assembled and loaded with Pdviasolid-phase synthesis.
Structural characteristics requisite for the ligand-based selective detection of i-motif DNA
Authors: Satpathi Sagar , Sappati Subrahmanyam , Das Konoya , Hazra Partha
Published: May 2019

A new approach has been explored to detect i-motif DNA structures over its complementary GQ DNA based on the hemi-protonated cytosine–cytosine (C+–C) base pairing recognition. This approach also shows its versatility by detecting various i-motif DNA structures with different chain lengths, molecularity and sizes, etc.
Multicompartment block copolymer nanoparticles: recent advances and future perspectives
Authors: Huang Jing , Guo Yakun , Gu Song , Han Guang , Duan Wenfeng , Gao Chengqiang , Zhang Wangqing
Published: May 2019

This review focuses on the synthesis of multicompartment block copolymer nanoparticles (MBCNs) via solution self-assembly and polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).
A novel long-alkyl-chained acylhydrazone-based supramolecular polymer gel for the ultrasensitive detection and separation of multianalytes
Authors: Yin Zhi-Yuan , Hu Jing-Han , Fu Qing-Qing , Gui Kai , Yao Ying
Published: May 2019

A novel supramolecular polymer material, OGV, based on long-alkyl-chained acylhydrazone was constructed. The OGV showed an ultrasensitive response for Hg2+ and Fe3+ in water by forming the metallogels HgG and FeG, which showed ultrasensitive detection and separation for CN− and H2PO4− in water, respectively.
Non-intuitive concomitant enhancement of dielectric permittivity, breakdown strength and energy density in percolative polymer nanocomposites by trace Ag nanodots
Authors: Huang Xin , Zhang Xin , Ren Guang-Kun , Jiang Jianyong , Dan Zhenkang , Zhang Qinghua , Zhang Xue , Nan Ce-Wen , Shen Yang
Published: May 2019

In situ synthesized Ag nanodots enhances electrostatic energy storage by tuning dipoles.
Dual-colour generation from layered colloidal photonic crystals harnessing “core hatching” in double emulsions
Authors: Lee Jun Hyuk , Choi Gwan H. , Park Kyung Jin , Kim Dongjae , Park Juhyun , Lee Seungwoo , Yi Hyunmin , Yoo Pil J.
Published: May 2019

Spontaneous core-hatching process is introduced to double emulsion droplets for implementing further structural tunability and optical responsiveness in colloidal photonic crystals.
Enhanced electrochromic performances and patterning of Ni–Sn oxide films prepared by a photosensitive sol–gel method
Authors: Ren Yang , Fang Tong , Gong Ying , Zhou Xiaoge , Zhao Gaoyang , Gao Yun , Jia Jiqiang , Duan Zongfan
Published: May 2019

A patterned NiO film with high electrochromic performance can be obtained by Sn4+ and SnO2 co-doping using a photosensitive sol–gel technique.
Construction of NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm)@CDs composites for enhancing red and NIR upconversion emission
Authors: Xu Xiaokai , Zhang Xuejie , Hu Chaofan , Zheng Yihao , Lei Bingfu , Liu Yingliang , Zhuang Jianle
Published: May 2019

Upconversion luminescence can be tuned in NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm)@CDs composites by efficient energy transfer.
Proactive channel access scheme for wireless ad hoc networks
Authors: Fazil Adnan , Hasan Aamir , Qureshi Ijaz Mansoor , Shafi Qaisar
Published: May 2019

In wireless ad hoc networks, the channel access scheme allows different nodes to communicate simultaneously without creating outages at nearby nodes. Therefore, the scheme should be easy to implement, i.e. with as little coordination between the nodes as practically possible and it should be able to schedule the maximum number of concurrent transmissions. The proposed scheduling scheme ensures the spatial separation among packed nodes by suppressing the active interferers around an active receiver. Moreover, the scheme utilises each interferer's transmitter–receiver (Tx‐Rx) separation to make a decision regarding its inclusion in the scheduled transmissions. The proposed scheme not only gives significant () increase in the transmission capacity as compared with the random ALOHA but also outperforms the latest guard zone‐based scheduling scheme for the distributed ad hoc networks. Additionally, it performs nearly as good as the near‐optimal centralised scheduling scheme. While the attainable transmission capacity is comparable but still inferior to the centralised scheme, it can be implemented easily in a distributed manner, unlike the centralised scheme. The derived results provide the optimal guard zone size and corresponding transmission capacity under varying network parameters – outage probability, path‐loss exponent, maximum Tx‐Rx separation, and spread spectrum's spreading gain.
Parameter estimation of frequency hopping signals based on analogue information converter
Authors: Zhi Li , Jianhua Zhou , Hao Chen , Xu Gou , Jian Li
Published: May 2019

Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing frequency hopping signal parameter estimation algorithms based on compressed sensing theory, such as weak anti‐noise performance, high data transmission and processing, and high hardware implementation cost, this study proposes an improved frequency hopping signal parameter estimation algorithm based on analogue information converter called Baseband Parameter Estimation (BPE) method. BPE does not reconstruct the frequency hopping signal into the Nyquist spectrum, and after obtaining the support set of the signal, the parameter estimation of the frequency hopping signal is performed directly at the baseband. The processing of baseband spectral slices can convert unreconstructed signal parameter estimates into parameter estimates for certain support sets, which makes BPE possible. Simulation experiments show that compared with the existing parameter estimation algorithm, BPE can not only greatly reduce the bandwidth and storage pressure required for subsequent transmission, but also has good anti‐noise performance.
Fuzzy farthest point first method for MRI brain image clustering
Authors: Debakla Mohammed , Salem Mohamed , Djemal Khalifa , Benmeriem Khaled
Published: May 2019

Image clustering is considered amongst the most important tasks in medical image analysis and it is regularly required as a starter and vital stage in the computer‐aided medical image process. In brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, image clustering is regularly used for estimating and visualising the brain anatomical structures, to detect pathological regions and to guide surgical procedures. This study presents a new method for MRI brain images clustering based on the farthest point first algorithm and fuzzy clustering techniques without using any a priori information about the clusters number. The algorithm has been approved against both simulated and clinical magnetic resonance images and it has been compared with the fourth clustered algorithms. Results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has given reasonable segmentation of white matter, grey matter and cerebrospinal fluid from MRI data, which is superior in preserving image details and segmentation accuracy compared with the other four algorithms giving more than 91% in Jaccard similarity.
Automated glaucoma detection using quasi‐bivariate variational mode decomposition from fundus images
Authors: Agrawal Dheeraj Kumar , Kirar Bhupendra Singh , Pachori Ram Bilas
Published: May 2019

Glaucoma is a critical and irreversible neurodegenerative eye disorder caused by damaging optical nerve head due to increased intra‐ocular pressure within the eye. Detection of glaucoma is a critical job for ophthalmologists. This study presents a novel and more accurate method for automated glaucoma detection using quasi‐bivariate variational mode decomposition (QB‐VMD) from digital fundus images. In total, 505 fundus images are decomposed using QB‐VMD method which gives band limited sub‐band images (SBIs) centred around a particular frequency. These SBIs are smooth and free from mode mixing problems. The glaucoma detection accuracy depends on the most useful features as it captured appropriate information. Seventy features are extracted from QB‐VMD SBIs. Extracted features are normalised and selected using ReliefF method. Selected features are then fed to singular value decomposition to reduce their dimensionality. Finally, the reduced features are classified using least square support vector machine classifier. The obtained glaucoma detection accuracies are 85.94 and 86.13% using three‐ and ten‐fold cross validation, respectively. Obtained results are better than the existing. It may become a suitable method for ophthalmologists to examine eye disease more accurately using fundus images.
Reversible data hiding using B‐tree triangular decomposition based prediction
Authors: Uyyala Ravi , Pal Rajarshi , V.N.K. Prasad Munaga
Published: May 2019

A novel reversible data hiding (RDH) technique has been proposed in this study using a B‐tree triangular decomposition‐based prediction of image pixels. The superiority of a prediction error expansion‐based RDH scheme depends on a good prediction strategy for image pixels. In the proposed scheme, the B‐tree triangular decomposition is used to recursively decompose the image into a set of right‐angled triangles. The vertices of such triangles serve as the reference pixels to predict (interpolate) the intensity values of other non‐reference pixels within the triangle. Data bits are reversibly embedded into these non‐reference pixels by expanding the prediction error. Moreover, according to the proposed scheme, the number of bits being embedded in these pixels is varied (either one or two bits) based on an estimated local complexity of the triangle. The local complexity of a triangle is computed from the intensity of vertices of the triangle. The superior performance of the proposed method is verified through extensive experiments.
Effects of ACC and CACC vehicles on traffic flow based on an improved variable time headway spacing strategy
Authors: Chen Jianzhong , Zhou Yang , Liang Huan
Published: May 2019

An improved variable time headway (VTH) spacing strategy for the adaptive cruise control (ACC) and cooperative ACC (CACC) system is proposed. On the basis of the novel strategy, the typical two‐modes of ACC/CACC upper‐level controller are redesigned. Numerical simulations for two traffic scenarios are performed to verify the efficiency of the improved strategy. The results demonstrate the suitability and advantages of the improved VTH strategy in comparison with the constant time headway strategy and the VTH strategy. Furthermore, the authors study the impact of ACC and CACC vehicles on traffic flow by multiple‐types mixed scenarios: ACC/manual vehicles, CACC/manual vehicles and ACC/CACC/manual vehicles. The results illustrate that introducing the ACC/CACC vehicles into mixed traffic can improve traffic flow stability, enhance road capacity and alleviate the increasingly serious traffic congestion problem.
Long automated driving phase affects take‐over performance
Authors: Bourrelly Aurore , Jacobé de Naurois Charlotte , Zran Asmae , Rampillon Felicie , Vercher Jean‐Louis , Bourdin Christophe
Published: May 2019

The authors investigated the impact of automated driving phases of different durations (long versus short) on take‐over performance and driver state. About 30 participants drove on a dynamic simulator under autonomous mode for three successive periods of automated driving: a short (10 min), a long (1 h) and another short (10 min) period, each ending with a take‐over request. They performed a non‐driving task, watching a film of their choice, throughout the autonomous phases. Driving performance – reaction time and quality – and driver drowsiness were assessed at each take over. About 1 h of automated driving affected the driver's behaviour, leading to poorer take‐over performance (longer reaction time and sharper avoidance manoeuvre) and increased drowsiness compared with a shorter autonomous period. Results also suggest that sequencing the autonomous phase in several short periods should improve the driver's take‐over performance and help prevent drowsiness. Their findings sound a warning on the risks associated with long phases of automated driving. In particular, they provide evidence that a series of short periods of automated driving is preferable to a long, continuous automated driving phase.
Highly efficient broadband class‐J power amplifier using modified multisection quarter‐wave lines and short‐circuited stubs
Authors: Liu Chang , Cheng Qian‐Fu
Published: May 2019

This study presents a broadband and high‐efficiency Class‐J power amplifier (PA)‐based on a modified multisection quarter‐wave lines and short‐circuited stubs matching network (MN). It is noted that the modified structure, with good design convenience and great frequency selectivity, especially in the roll‐off region between the highest frequency of the desired band (fH) and second harmonic of the lowest frequency of the band (2fL), is for the first time employed to design PAs with more optimal performance and greater bandwidths (BWs). A step‐by‐step design procedure of the proposed structure is presented. Experimental results show that using a 10‐W Wolfspeed GaN HEMT device, a highly efficient broadband Class‐J PA is realised from 1.4 to 2.4 GHz (fractional BW = 52.6%) with measured drain efficiency of 63.0–68.9% and output power of 39.8–40.3 dBm.
Design of multi‐standard single/tri/quint‐wideband asymmetric stepped‐impedance resonator filters with adjustable TZs
Authors: Al‐Yasir Yasir I.A. , Tu Yuxiang , Bakr Mustafa S. , Parchin Naser Ojaroudi , Asharaa Abdalfettah S. , Mshwat Widad A. , Abd‐Alhameed Raed A. , Noras James M.
Published: May 2019

This study presents an original asymmetric stepped‐impedance resonator filter combined with meander coupled‐line structures and enabling the realisation of finite transmission zeros (TZs) and the implementation of multi‐band bandpass filters. The meander coupled sections (MCSs) tune the TZs and resonant frequencies: with higher‐order spurious frequencies cancelled by the TZs, a single wideband with wide stopband from 1.18 to 1.84 GHz is possible. Furthermore, by positioning the finite TZs between the high‐order spurious frequencies and adjusting the coupling strength between resonators, a quint‐wideband filter can be realised, with centre frequencies of 1.19, 4.29, 5.43, 6.97, 9.9 GHz and fractional bandwidths of 31.9, 15.4, 15.8, 4.3, 39.2%, respectively. More importantly, two filters with single/quad‐wideband performance can be realised by tuning the parameters of the MCS, and therefore they can be designed separately by using only one original structure. The triple‐wideband filter is realised with the help of the asymmetric parallel uncoupled microstrip section. These filter structures enjoy the advantage of single/multi‐band versatility, structure reusability and simplicity. The good in‐band and out‐of‐band performance, low loss and simple structure of the proposed single/tri/quint‐wideband filters make them very promising for applications in future multi‐standard wireless communication.
Fuzzy‐based fake information detection algorithm to define the user trust on the content of social networks
Authors: Nirmala Munirathinam , Babu Madda Rajasekhara
Published: May 2019

Across the globe, right from people who are technologically naive to people who are with high‐technical knowledge, use, share, spread, and connect with each other through online social networks. People start believing and sharing the social network content without any proof of its authenticity. In several cases, the reliability of the information that gets shared between the users remains questionable due to the anonymity of the information creators. In this work, a fuzzy detection algorithm is proposed to identify the trustable content in social media. The proposed methodology is evaluated on Twitter social network platform. By computing the predictive measures, the efficiency of the proposed approach is well established.
Self‐powered wireless sensor network using event‐triggered energy harvesters for monitoring and identifying intrusion activities
Authors: Dong Chuan , Li Suiqiong , Han Ruofeng , He Qisheng , Li Xinxin , Xu Dacheng
Published: May 2019

Monitoring concerned activities and identifying activity types usually require sensors and corresponding data processing circuits, which are often restricted by the limited power supply in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This study presents a self‐powered smart WSN for passively monitoring and distinguishing different vibration events. In the proposed WSN, the sensing function is performed by vibration‐threshold‐triggered energy harvesters (VTT‐EHs). The output power of the VTT‐EH dramatically increases when an input vibration exceeds the pre‐set vibration‐threshold of the harvester, indicating the occurrence of specific concerned events. On the basis of this principle, two VTT‐EHs with different thresholds were designed to detect and distinguish vibration events with different vibration characteristics. Meanwhile, electromagnetic EHs were applied to generate sufficient power for wirelessly transmitting the alarm signals within several seconds. The prototype of the proposed WSN was developed and evaluated. The sensor node was able to identify two types of intrusive activities: weak shake and strong knock. The alarming signals were first sent to a router node and then transmitted to a mobile phone through the global system of mobile communication network. The mobile phone received the alarming text messages with correct event type within 2 s after the excitation occurred.
Hybrid coupler for 6.78 MHz desktop wireless power transfer applications with stable open‐loop gain
Authors: Chen Xu , Yu Shengbao , Song Shuchao , Li River T.H. , Yang Xiaobo , Zhang Zhe
Published: May 2019

The open‐loop gain of capacitive power transfer (CPT) circuit, especially for applications like wireless charging of laptop or keyboard, is sensitive to the changes of coupling capacitance, which makes the regulating of output voltage and output power difficult. Hybrid coupler has been proved to be able to combine the advantages of both inductive power transfer (IPT) and CPT. In this study, a hybrid coupler is designed with the aim of keeping a stable open‐loop gain when the coupling capacitance changes. The structure as well as the operation principles of the hybrid coupler is explained firstly. Then, the open‐loop gains of CPT, IPT and hybrid wireless power transfer (HWPT) are derived and followed by a simplified design guideline of the whole HWPT system using the proposed hybrid coupler. Finally, the proposed coupler is verified with a 40 W, 6.78 MHz experimental prototype.
Energy storage sizing by copula modelling joint distribution for wind farm to be black‐start source
Authors: Liu Weipeng , Liu Yutian
Published: May 2019

To achieve fast power system restoration with high penetration of wind power, using wind farm (WF) as black‐start (BS) source is a promising choice. An energy storage system (ESS) sizing method with the minimum investment cost is proposed to enable WF to be a reliable BS source. The proposed method covers three aspects: (i) providing WF self‐starting power, (ii) dealing with frequency deviation when starting up ancillary machines and (iii) smoothing WF output power while starting up generator unit. During BS progress, ESS power sizing and capacity sizing are both considered as random variables and their marginal distributions are estimated by kernel density estimation to avoid the distribution model mismatch. The correlation between these two random variables is discussed, which shows that these two variables are not independent. To model the dependence structure between ESS power sizing and capacity sizing, copula theory is applied to build the joint probability distribution. A tail dependence analysis and goodness‐of‐fit test included copula selection procedure is conducted to choose the most suitable copula function. A case study with real WF data demonstrates that a better‐fitted copula has lower ESS sizing cost.
Mining conditions specific hub genes from RNA‐Seq gene‐expression data via biclustering and their application to drug discovery
Authors: Maind Ankush , Raut Shital
Published: May 2019

Gene‐expression data is being widely used for various clinical research. It represents expression levels of thousands of genes across the various experimental conditions simultaneously. Mining conditions specific hub genes from gene‐expression data is a challenging task. Conditions specific hub genes signify the functional behaviour of bicluster across the subset of conditions and can act as prognostic or diagnostic markers of the diseases. In this study, the authors have introduced a new approach for identifying conditions specific hub genes from the RNA‐Seq data using a biclustering algorithm. In the proposed approach, efficient ‘runibic’ biclustering algorithm, the concept of gene co‐expression network and concept of protein–protein interaction network have been used for getting better performance. The result shows that the proposed approach extracts biologically significant conditions specific hub genes which play an important role in various biological processes and pathways. These conditions specific hub genes can be used as prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. Conditions specific hub genes will be helpful to reduce the analysis time and increase the accuracy of further research. Also, they summarised application of the proposed approach to the drug discovery process.
Effect of Joule heating and temperature‐dependent zeta potential on electroosmotic flow measurements in calorimetric flow sensors
Authors: Altayyeb Ahmad , Sun Yu , Abdelgawad Mohamed
Published: May 2019

This work reports a theoretical investigation of the effect of Joule heating and temperature‐dependent zeta potential on the electroosmotic flow measurements in calorimetric flow sensing. Joule heating resulting from the applied electric field in electroosmotic flow increases the temperature of the liquid inside the sensor and, consequently, modifies the sensor performance. The model presented in this paper considers temperature dependence of the wall zeta potential on the sensor characteristics. Additionally, all liquid properties such as density, viscosity, relative permittivity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity are taken as temperature‐dependent properties. A comparison between the characteristics of the modelled sensor in the presence and absence of Joule heating is presented. The effect of heater power on sensor characteristics is also discussed. Simulation results reveal that Joule heating and temperature dependence of zeta potential have a significant effect on the behaviour of calorimetric flow sensors, which must be considered when this type of sensor is used to measure electroosmotic flow. Temperature dependence of zeta potential, in particular, affected the velocity distribution inside the sensor considerably.
Size and morphology controlled synthesis of the silver (П) oxide particles
Authors: Abedini Amin , Najafi Mostafa
Published: May 2019

In this study, the experimental parameters for synthesis of silver (П) oxide (AgO) particles were controlled to achieve various particle sizes with different morphology. The AgO particles were synthesised by alkaline oxidation in the presence of potassium persulfate (K2S2O8). Characterisation of AgO particles was performed by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) techniques. The analysis of FE‐SEM images with Digimizer image analysis software indicated that the AgO particles were in micro and nanosize ranged from 50 to 150 nm in thickness and 0.58 to 1 µm in length. Also, pebble, slice, and flake morphologies were observed by controlling the experimental conditions. The general factorial design method was applied to investigate the effect of variable factors suchas the concentration of AgNO3 (CAg+), the concentration of K2S2O8 (CS2O8 2−), and the mole ratio of AgNO3 to K2S2O8 (RAg+/S2O8 2−), whereas the particle size was the response to be analysed. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, the model was significant. Investigations indicated that the interaction between CAg+ and RAg+/S2O8 2− has a significant effect on the AgO particle size. Validation of the results showed that residual and desirability values are 2.2% and 0.935, respectively.
Three‐stage network for age estimation
Authors: Tingting Yu , Junqian Wang , Lintai Wu , Yong Xu
Published: May 2019

Age estimation on the basis of the face has been widely used in the field of human–computer interaction and intelligent surveillance. Many existing methods extract deeper global features from the facial image and achieve significant improvement on age estimation. However, local features and their relationship are important for age estimation. In this study, the authors propose a model to use local features for age estimation. The proposed model consists of three stages, preliminary abstraction stage for extracting deeper features, local feature encoding stage to model the relationship between local features and recall stage for the combination of temporary local impressions. Extensive experiments show that their proposed method outperforms previous state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko seen by ROSINA
Authors: Schuhmann M. , Altwegg K. , Balsiger H. , Berthelier J.-J. , De Keyser J. , Fiethe B. , Fuselier S. A. , Gasc S. , Gombosi T. I. , Hänni N. , Rubin M. , Tzou C.-Y. , Wampfler S. F.
Published: May 2019

Context.Unlike all previous cometary space missions, the Rosetta spacecraft accompanied its target, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, for more than two years on its way around the Sun. Thereby, an unexpected diversity and complexity of the chemical composition was revealed.

Aims.Our first step of decrypting the exact chemical composition of the gaseous phase is the identifying and quantifying the bulk composition of the pure aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Methods.For this study, data from ROSINA–Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer (DFMS) onboard the Rosetta spacecraft and the laboratory twin model were used. A joint campaign of laboratory calibration measurements and space data analysis was performed to derive the hydrocarbon bulk composition for the post-inbound equinox period at 1.52 AU in May 2015. Furthermore, several other mission phases were investigated to determine the dependencies of season, location, and heliocentric distance on the relative abundances of hydrocarbons.

Results.It is shown that the bulk composition of the gaseous phase includes a high number of aliphatic compounds such as methane, ethane, and propane, as well as the aromatic compounds benzene and toluene. Butane and pentane were successfully identified in measurements at closer distance to the comet in May 2016. Furthermore, the presence of hexane and heptane in the coma is confirmed on rare occasions during the mission. Their presence in DFMS space data appears to be linked to days or periods of high dust activity. In addition to the saturated aliphatic and aromatic compounds, a high number of remaining unsaturated species is present, which cannot be explained by fragmentation of saturated species or contribution from other organic molecules in addition to pure hydrocarbons. This indicates the existence of unsaturated aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon molecules in the coma of comet 67P.
Optical polarised phase function of the HR 4796A dust ring
Authors: Milli J. , Engler N. , Schmid H. M. , Olofsson J. , Ménard F. , Kral Q. , Boccaletti A. , Thébault P. , Choquet E. , Mouillet D. , Lagrange A.-M. , Augereau J.-C. , Pinte C. , Chauvin G. , Dominik C. , Perrot C. , Zurlo A. , Henning T. , Beuzit J.-L. , Avenhaus H. , Bazzon A. , Moulin T. , Llored M. , Moeller-Nilsson O. , Roelfsema R. , Pragt J.
Published: May 2019

Context.The scattering properties of the dust originating from debris discs are still poorly known. The analysis of scattered light is however a powerful remote-sensing tool to understand the physical properties of dust particles orbiting other stars. Scattered light is indeed widely used to characterise the properties of cometary dust in the solar system.

Aims.We aim to measure the morphology and scattering properties of the dust from the debris ring around HR 4796 A in polarised optical light.

Methods.We obtained high-contrast polarimetric images of HR 4796 A in the wavelength range 600–900 nm with the SPHERE/ZIMPOL instrument on the Very Large Telescope.

Results.We measured for the first time the polarised phase function of the dust in a debris system over a wide range of scattering angles in the optical. We confirm that it is incompatible with dust particles being compact spheres under the assumption of the Mie theory, and propose alternative scenarios compatible with the observations, such as particles with irregular surface roughness or aggregate particles.
Windowing Design and Performance Assessment for Mitigation of Spectrum Leakage
Authors: Jwo Dah-Jing , Wu I-Hua , Chang Yi
Published: May 2019

This paper investigates the windowing design and performance assessment for mitigation of spectral leakage. A pretreatment method to reduce the spectral leakage is developed. In addition to selecting appropriate window functions, the Welch method is introduced. Windowing is implemented by multiplying the input signal with a windowing function. The periodogram technique based on Welch method is capable of providing good resolution if data length samples are selected optimally. Windowing amplitude modulates the input signal so that the spectral leakage is evened out. Thus, windowing reduces the amplitude of the samples at the beginning and end of the window, altering leakage. The influence of various window functions on the Fourier transform spectrum of the signals was discussed, and the characteristics and functions of various window functions were explained. In addition, we compared the differences in the influence of different data lengths on spectral resolution and noise levels caused by the traditional power spectrum estimation and various window-function-based Welch power spectrum estimations.
A Design of Anti-jamming Method Based on Spectrum Sensing and GNSS Software Defined Radio
Authors: Park Kwi Woo , Lee Min Joon , Park Chansik
Published: May 2019

This paper presents result of new approach for anti-jamming using a method based on cognitive radio. To detect and get center frequency and bandwidth of jamming, a spectrum sensing based on multi-channel energy detector is implemented on the SDR. The SDR and a universal software radio peripheral is used to support real-time channel reconfiguration. And detected center frequency and bandwidth is used to select LO frequency to avoid jamming and receive GNSS signal. Then the receiver is reconfigured by the selected LO frequency. To verify the feasibility of the proposed anti-jamming process, position, carrier to noise ratio of each channel are measured using a test scenario that is consist of GPS and Beidou with a CW jamming. As a results, by switching of LO frequency, GNSS signal that is not affected by jamming can be received with the same performance as non-jamming.
Investigating the tectonic influence to the anthropogenic subsidence along northern coast of Java Island Indonesia using GNSS data sets
Authors: Andreas Heri , Zainal Abidin Hasanuddin , Anggreni Sarsito Dina , Meilano Irwan , Susilo
Published: May 2019

Geodetic measurements (e.g. Spirit Leveling, GNSS and InSAR) have clearly measured the land subsidence in many parts along northern coast of Java Island Indonesia. The impacts from the subsidence (e.g. problems on infrastructures, wider expansion of flooding, tidal inundation, etc.) are significantly appeared in certain places and already concluded as ecological disaster. Since mostly the land subsidence are located in cities lying on sediment area like Jakarta, Pekalongan, Semarang, Demak, and Surabaya where consumption of groundwater is very huge, in this case the typical of subsidence might be categorize as anthropogenic land subsidence. Nevertheless in order to make sure this typical, in this case the investigation on the others factors like the tectonic influence is necessary (e.g. as key for appropriate of adaptation or mitigation from disaster).This paper will highlight the investigation by using GNSS dataset in order to see the tectonic influence to the anthropogenic subsidence along northern coast of Java Island. Our preliminary result shows relatively lack of tectonic influence to the anthropogenic subsidence around the investigated area.