bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of species adulteration in beef sausage using real-time polymerase chain reaction in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Mualim Mirna , Latif Hadri , Pisestyani Herwin , Rahayu Puji
Published: October 2024

Background and Aim: Adulteration, or the inclusion of meats not declared on the label of processed meat products, constitutes a fraudulent practice that poses a threat to public health. Sausages, which are processed meats derived from a blend of minced meats that obscure the original muscle’s morphological features, are particularly prone to adulteration, making the visual detection of fraud more challenging. The research aimed to detect and measure the proportion of pork, chicken, buffalo, and beef DNA in commercially available processed meat packaged, labeled, and sold as “beef sausages” in Makassar, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: A total of 30 beef sausage samples were collected from traditional and modern markets as well as tourist attractions in Makassar. DNA was isolated and the species were identified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results: The findings revealed that all sausage samples contained not only beef DNA, as indicated on their labels but also undeclared DNA from chicken and buffalo. Notably, pork DNA was not detected in the samples. The frequencies of chicken and buffalo meat were 9.2% and 10%, respectively, whereas it was 0.85% for beef in the beef sausage samples.

Conclusion: The discovery of chicken and buffalo species in beef sausage samples indicates adulteration, potentially posing severe quality risks.

Keywords: adulteration, beef sausage, deoxyribonucleic acid, polymerase chain reaction, species.
Novel 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazole Derivatives: Synthesis and in silico Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Saini Rita , Yadav Mayank , Singh Ranjit , Maithani Mukesh
Published: October 2024

A series of 14 novel 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized by reacting substituted benzimidazoles with ethyl succinyl chloride and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR and Mass). The molecular docking analyses with AutoDock Tools-1.5.7 were used to examine the interactions between the compounds and the active site residues of Topoisomerase-II enzyme (PDB ID: 1JIJ). Amongst the 14 derivatives, 11 derivatives had shown greater binding affinity with the receptor in comparison with standard drug pefloxacin.
Microwave Dielectric Study of Binary Mixture of Ethyl Acetate with Propylene Glycol using Time Domain Reflectometry Technique
Authors: Kolhe S.B. , Badhe S.G.
Published: October 2024

Microwave dielectric study for the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with propylene glycol was performed over the frequency range of 10 MHz –20 GHz and in the temperature range of 288 K to 318 K using time domain reflectometry technique. Dielectric parameters such as static dielectric constant (εs), relaxation time (τ), excess dielectric constant (εs)E, excess inverse relaxation time (1/τ)E, Kirkwood correlation factor (geff), Bruggeman factor (fB) and thermodynamic parameters viz. molar enthalpy of activation, molar entropy of activation were also determined. Variation of measured dielectric and thermodynamic parameters have been used to explain the intermolecular interactions between the ethyl acetate and propylene glycol.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyridyltriazole Derivatives as Potent Antitubercular Agents
Authors: Mullani Ashish K. , Charde Manoj S.
Published: October 2024

In current investigation, a new series of pyridyltriazole derivatives were synthesized by conventional methods and characterized through spectroscopic techniques such as IR, NMR (1H) and mass spectroscopy. Based on colour observation and percentage of inhibition, all 24 pyridyltriazole derivatives were subjected to in vitro anti-mycobacterial testing using MABA techniques against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) strain. It was found that all of the synthesized compounds were efficient in suppressing the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 µg/mL. Among all the synthesized compounds, only 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 has good anti-TB efficacy in contrast to the standard medication. According to the in silico ADME prediction, every synthesized molecule has drug-like qualities and is appropriate for oral bioavailability. Furthermore, research utilizing molecular docking have been conducted to get mechanistic understanding and molecular interactions in opposition to the mycobacterial InhA enzyme. Utilizing a molecular docking analysis, hits against specific molecular targets were found. This in silico study delved into the molecular interactions between potential compounds and the Mtbenoyl-reductaseInhA (PDB 5JFO).
A Variable-Iterative Fully Convolutional Neural Network for Sparse Unmixing
Authors: Kong Fanqiang , Lv Zhijie , Wang Kun , Fang Xu , Zheng Yuhan , Yu Shengjie
Published: October 2024

Neural networks have greatly promoted the development of hyperspectral unmixing (HU). Most data-driven deep networks extract features of hyperspectral images (HSIs) by stacking convolutional layers to achieve endmember extraction and abundance estimation. Some model-driven networks
have strong interpretability but fail to mine the deep feature. We propose a variable-iterative fully convolutional neural network (VIFCNN) for sparse unmixing, combining the characteristics of these two networks. Under the model-driven iterative framework guided by sparse unmixing by variable
splitting and augmented lagrangian (SUnSAL), a data-driven spatial-spectral feature learning module and a spatial information updating module are introduced to enhance the learning of data information. Experimental results on synthetic and real datasets show that VIFCNN significantly outperforms
several traditional unmixing methods and two deep learning-based methods. On real datasets, our method improves signal-to-reconstruction error by 17.38%, reduces abundance root-mean-square error by 25.24%, and reduces abundance spectral angle distance by 31.40% compared
with U-ADMM-ßUNet.
Ready, Set, Modernize – ASPRS Takes on Preparing the Geospatial Industry for the Modernized National Spatial Reference System (NSRS)
Authors: Parrish Christopher , Abdullah Qassim , Foster Linda , White Stephen , Borberg Jenna
Published: October 2024

The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) is modernizing the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) in the United States. The modernization involves significant updates to the official reference frames and vertical datum used across the country, affecting the entire geospatial industry.
Key benefits of the Modernized NSRS will include improved accuracies and enhanced interoperability and sustainability of geospatial data and systems. The ASPRS NSRS Modernization Working Group produced this paper to help prepare the geospatial industry for the upcoming changes. It serves as
a guide for industry professionals to understand the implications of the Modernized NSRS and recommendations to begin preparing for it. It emphasizes the importance of proactive measures to ensure a smooth transition to the new reference frames and vertical datum.
Transesterification of biodiesel from kapok seed oil (ceiba pentandra) using a natural heterogeneous katalyst (rice husk activation)
Authors: . Marhaini , Sri Yusmartini Eka , Okka Widhanny Larasati
Published: October 2024

Biodiesel as a renewable energy source can be produced by a chemical reaction between vegetable oil or animal fat and short-chain alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or buthanol and is supported by a catalyst. This process is called transesterification. From an environmental point of view, the use of biodiesel has several advantages such as reducing carbon dioxide emissions, being non-toxic and biodegradable. Kapok seed oil has potential for exploitation, particularly as a raw material for the manufacture of biofuel. Kapok seeds (Ceiba pentandra) have the potential to be used as a feedstock for biodiesel because their oil content is quite high, around 18-25% oil. The controlled combustion of rice husks produces ash containing high purity amorphous silica. Amorphous silica can be obtained from RHA (rice husk ash) when rice husk is burned at a temperature of 700°C, and it is transformed into crystalline silica when burned at a temperature above 850 °C. This silica has many applications as a filler, adsorbent, catalyst support, star gel component and source for the production of premium silicon and its compounds. The aim of the research is to determine the transisterification process of biodiesel from kapok (Ceiba pentandra) seed oil. using a natural heterogeneous catalyst in It is an activated rice husk. The method used was the preparation of kapok seed samples and the extraction of sokhlet. Determination of free fatty acids (FFA) in kapok seed oil, activation of rice husk, manufacturing of biodiesel from kapok seed with addition of rice husk H2SO4 as catalyst. The characteristics of the biodiesel produced are Density: 859.88572 kg/m3 (SNI: 7182:2015) = 850-890 kg/m3), Viscosity: 2.45824 cSt (SNI: 7182:2015) = 2.3 – 6, 0 cSt, Calorific value: 7,374.5322 cal/g (SNI: 7182; 2015) = 7,100 -11,000 cal/ g, Devil's number: 48 (ASTM: D6751) = 47. Meanwhile, GC-MS with the highest values at all reaction times, namely Hexadec anoic acid, methyl ester (C17H34O2), methyl tetradecanoate (C15H30O2) and 9 - Octadecenoic acid (Z), methyl ester (C19H36O2) . The functional group found in kapok seeds is –OH.
Evaluation of the preventive effects of alligator pepper aframomum melegueta aqueous extract against titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced oxidative stress in adult wistar rats
Authors: Al-Asady Fatima H. , AL-Mohanna Mohammed W.H.
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the potential protective effects of Alligator pepper Aframomum melegueta (AM) seeds' aqueous extract in adult Wistar rats treated with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Tio2NP). The study included the preparation of an A. melegueta aqueous extract of AP. Thirty-six healthy adult male Wistar rats were used, randomly distributed into six groups containing six rats, each dosed orally for 60 consecutive days; group 1: control group (5ml b.w. distilled water only: Group 2:100 mg/kg TIO2 NP suspension). Group 3:100mg/kg AM Aqueous extract). Group 4: 200 mg/kg AM Aqueous extract). Group 5:100 mg/kg b.w. AM before 4 hours receive TIO2 NP 100 mg/kg b.w.). Group 6:200 mg/kg b.w AM Aqueous extract before four h receive TIO2 NP 100 mg/kg b.w.The study results revealed that Restoring normal levels of blood lipid profile in G5andG6 is represented by a significant p < 0.05 decrease in the level of cholesterol, LDL accompanied by a significant p < 0.05 increase in the level of HDL compared to the Tio2NP group. A. melegueta aqueous extract 100 and 200 mg/kg was highly protected from the toxicity of TIO2 NP in Wistar rats by a significant p < 0.05 increase of SOD and Catalase level and p < 0.05 decreased MDA. The study suggested that when taken orally, the aqueous extract of AM seeds improves the defense against adverse effects of Tio2NP that cause oxidative stress and change the lipid profile, depending on the dose.
A comprehensive review of emerging contaminants in water sources
Authors: Abdulmumin Muhammad Ma’aruf , Muhd Shafi’i Abubakar , Musa Shuaibu Abubakar , Usman Alhaji Usman , Rabilu Abdullahi Sabiu , Abdurrashid Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

The quality of water is crucial for the health of both the environment and humans, but new challenges from emerging contaminants threaten this vital resource. This paper reviews the origin and significance of water quality issues linked to emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, microplastics, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. These persistent chemicals exhibit complex behaviors and have the potential to impact ecological systems and human health significantly. The review comprehensively examines the pathways through which these pollutants enter water systems, such as agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, and urban stormwater runoff. It also covers the latest techniques for identifying these pollutants, emphasizing recent advancements in sampling methods and analytical techniques while highlighting the challenges of detecting contaminants at low concentrations. The discussion includes the environmental behavior of these contaminants, focusing on their properties, degradation mechanisms, and bioaccumulation potential. It further explores the impacts of these emerging contaminants on ecosystems and human health, examining both conventional and innovative treatment technologies. Additionally, the review identifies current research gaps and future trends in the analysis of new pollutants. It underscores the importance of public awareness, effective communication strategies, and innovative approaches to environmental protection.
Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods in drug design: a comprehensive review of development and applications
Authors: Hasan AL-Dahlaki Mohammed , H. Mohammed Aya
Published: October 2024

The integration of quantum mechanics (QM) and molecular mechanics (MM) methods, known as QM/MM, has emerged as a powerful computational approach in drug design. This hybrid technique combines the accuracy of QM calculations for the reactive region with the computational efficiency of MM methods for the surrounding environment. QM/MM methods have proven invaluable in studying chemical reactions, exploring enzyme mechanisms, and investigating ligand-protein interactions, all of which are crucial for rational drug design. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the QM/MM methodology, its theoretical foundations, and its applications in various aspects of drug design. We discussed the key components, such as QM and MM region partitioning, link atom schemes, and boundary treatments. Additionally, we highlight recent advancements and challenges in QM/MM methods, including polarizable force fields, implicit solvation models, and enhanced sampling techniques. Furthermore, we present illustrative examples showcasing the successful application of QM/MM methods in lead optimization, virtual screening, and the elucidation of biochemical mechanisms relevant to drug targets. Finally, we provide perspectives on future developments and the potential impact of QM/MM methods on the drug discovery pipeline.
Comparative analysis of the physicochemical properties and trace metal content of palm oil, from selected markets in Jos south and Jos north LGA, Plateau state, Nigeria
Authors: J. R Gungshik , O. A Onyemowo , L. A Rabiat
Published: October 2024

The quality of palm oil samples collected from three different markets in Jos South and Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State were analyzed and evaluated using standard analytical laboratory procedures. The relative ranges of the physicochemical values obtained were as follows; Moisture Content (MC): 0.56 - 1.89, Iodine value (IV); 51.88 - 55.57 g I2/100g, Peroxide Value (PV): 0.98 - 4.16 mEq02/kg, Saponification Values (SV): 198.46 - 201.54 mgKOH/g, Acid Value (AV): 9.93 - 57.65, and Refractive Index (RI), 1.4576 - 1.4580. The moisture content, iodin value, pH values and acid values were found to exceed the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) permissible limits of moisture content (0.29 mgKOH/g), iodine value (45 - 53 mg I2/100g), pH (5 - 7 mg/L), and acid value (0.7 max mg/L) for edible oils respectively while the refractive index, saponification values, peroxide values falls within the SON allowable limits of refractive index (1.4612-1.4707 mg/L), saponification value (195-205 mgKOH/g) and peroxide value (10 mEq02/kg) respectively . The amounts of trace metals (Cu, Zn, Fe, Pb and Cd) determined in the palm oil using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer ranged from Cu(0.34 - 0.52 mg/l), Zn(1.58 - 2.33 mg/l), Fe(19.18 - 26.74 mg/l), Pb(2.87 - 4.06 mg/l) and Cd(1.58 - 2.24 mg/l). However, the levels of Zn, Fe, Pb and Cd exceeded the WHO/FAO recommended values of (1.50, 1.00, 0.05 and 0.02 mg/L) respectively while only Cu concentration was below the WHO/FAO limits of 2.00 mg/L for trace metals in edible palm oil. Consequently, the results of this study shows that the palm oil consumed from these selected markets does not meet the standard quality specification for edible palm oils and hence can post significant health threat to consumers. Therefore, food regulatory agencies should strengthen their surveillance to promote food and health safety of the populace.
Basic advantages of education in the spirit of Confucianism and lessons for Vietnam today
Authors: Uoc Tran Mai
Published: October 2024

Confucianism considers human education as upholding the role of educational culture, considering academic education as an important way to promote social development and create human identity. Although Confucius's views on the purposes, guidelines, contents and methods of education were introduced more than 2500 years ago, many of the contents still have topical significance up to now. The article explores the basic advantages of education in the spirit of Confucianism and draws lessons related to education in Vietnam today. Accordingly, for Vietnam today, after 37 years of implementing the doi moi process, along with economic growth, macroeconomic stability has been maintained in all aspects: politics, society, national defense and economic development. security is guaranteed and stable, including very encouraging achievements in education and training. The lesson for education in Vietnam today is: the lesson of attaching importance to education and training as the top national policy and the lesson of social justice in education. The limitation of this article is that it has not analyzed the limitations of education in the spirit of Confucianism.
The effect of self-assessment-based Pancasila student profiles on adversity quotient and critical thinking skills by controlling self-efficacy
Authors: Sarya I Gede , Suarni Ni Ketut , Suarni Ni Ketut , Mertasari Ni Made Sri
Published: October 2024

This research examines the effect of a self-assessment-based Pancasila student profile on adversity quotient and critical thinking skills by controlling self-efficacy. A quasi-experimental was conducted involving 306 seventh-grade junior high students in Abang District, Karangasem Regency questionnaire in which questionnaires and tests were applied to obtain the data. The obtained data were analyzed quantitatively. The results of the research show: 1) there is a simultaneous difference between students’ adversity quotient and critical thinking skills between the students who are taught with self-assessment-based Pancasila student profile and the students who are taught with conventional self-assessment in which all of the students are controlled for their self-efficacy. 2) There is an impact contributed by self-efficacy toward students’ critical thinking skills and students’ adversity quotient, 3) there is a significant effect contributed by self-assessment-based Pancasila students on students’ critical thinking skills and students’ adversity quotient. A self-assessments-based Pancasila student profile is recommended to improve students’ adversity quotient and critical thinking skills.
The role of family education in enhancing gender equality in Vietnam
Authors: Tuoi Duong Thi
Published: October 2024

Gender equality is a very important issue of concern to the whole world. If the issue of women's liberation is the most basic issue among women's struggles, then equality between men and women is considered the most important and core content of this issue. The family is the place where gender issues are socialized and gender knowledge and skills are passed on. In this article, the author will focus on clarifying issues such as: the role of education; propaganda role to raise awareness; the role of division of labor according to gender; Conditions to promote gender equality from family. Through research, the author will provide opinions for discussion and open up future research directions.
Educating national cultural values for students from perspective building and developing cultural
Authors: Vu Van Hong
Published: October 2024

Culture is the spiritual foundation of society, the goal and driving force of national development. Culture is important in forming human personality, national identity, and character. Culture is identified as one of the factors that play a decisive role in the strength and position of each country and nation. Therefore, building and developing Vietnam’s culture in response to the need for sustainable development of the country is one of the most important tasks of the Vietnam revolution today. Building the right cultural policy will help promote cultural development and is significant for cultural value education for today’s students. To clarify the policy of building and developing national culture and its role in educating national cultural values students, a qualitative study was conducted; at the same time, a survey was conducted with 175 people including policymakers, managers, lecturers and students at universities. Based on the results achieved, this study proposes solutions for policy development as well as future educational measures.
Knowledge and opinions on natural disasters and disaster education of pre-service teachers who survived the 6 February earthquake in Turkey
Authors: Gökbulut Burak , Yeniasir Mustafa , Öznur Şevket
Published: October 2024

Human-related events that occur in an unexpected time and affect people’s lives adversely are defined as natural disasters. Today, when we live in the age of technology, several regions are faced with natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. Not different from various countries in the world, Turkey faces such natural disasters frequently. Especially the earthquake disaster of February 6, 2023, which affected a very broad area, caused many people to suffer. After the earthquake, several problems such as unemployment, need for education and shelter, and psychological traumas, especially among children, emerged. Although preventing natural disasters is not possible, it is a well-known fact that damages can be minimized through disaster education given in schools from an early age. It is of vital importance that Turkey, which is located in an earthquake zone, attaches more importance to disaster education and that students are educated on this subject from an early age, as in countries such as Japan, in order to reduce the disaster damages. Some action has been taken in this area in Turkey especially after the 1999 Marmara earthquake, but the recent major earthquake disaster has shown that more attention should be paid to disaster education. This study was carried out to determine the knowledge and opinions on disaster and disaster education of pre-service teachers who survided the earthquake in Turkey on February 6, 2023. The study group consisted of students studying in different departments of education faculties of universities. The structured interview form developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool.
Educating a new generation: blending traditional and contemporary standards for Vietnamese youth
Authors: Nguyen Hue Nhu Thi
Published: October 2024

Vietnam has experienced significant societal changes in recent years due to globalization and technological advancements. Generation Z, born between 1995 and 2012, stands out for their proficiency with technology, open-mindedness, and a global outlook, which often contrasts with the traditional values of older generations. This paper investigates the balance between preserving traditional Vietnamese values and integrating modern, technologically driven standards to establish human standards for Generation Z. This study employs quantitative and qualitative research methods to collect data. A survey was conducted among 500 university students to assess their understanding and acceptance of traditional and modern values. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were held with 30 respondents to gain deeper insights into their perspectives. The data was complemented by an extensive literature review to contextualize the findings within existing research. The research concludes that while Generation Z in Vietnam values traditional principles such as patriotism, solidarity, and compassion, they also prioritize individualism and modern values like proactiveness, responsibility, and respect for diversity. Traditional educational methods are perceived as outdated, necessitating innovative approaches to convey these values effectively. The study highlights the need for a balanced integration of traditional and modern standards in educational practices to nurture Vietnam’s future leaders while preserving its cultural heritage.
Linguistic analysis of gender stereotypes in the language of mass media
Authors: Slipachuk Nataliia , Bilokonenko Liudmyla , Devos Anastasiia , Savchuk Nataliia , Mykolenko Tetiana
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research is a detailed analysis of language structures that spread and reproduce gender stereotypes in the field of mass media. The study employed the methods of analysis of language means of gender-oriented text, linguistic analysis of gender markers, comparative analysis for studying gendered vocabulary. Standard statistical methods and Cronbach’s alpha were also used. The use of linguistic means of gender-oriented text in English media discourse can vary depending on different factors such as genre, format, and target audience. For example, gender stereotypes are often used more frequently in news articles than in literary texts. This tendency is determined by the fact that news usually focus on specific events or problems, rather than on the persons involved. In the context of the media, gender stereotypes caused by an attempt to attach events a clear context and explanation, which can lead to greater use of gender distinctions. In contrast, the authors of fiction texts use more creativity and the opportunity to avoid stereotypes regarding gender roles. Further research may cover various aspects of gender equality, in particular, representation of different gender identities and the interaction between them in the linguistic space.
The volunteer movement as a tool for strengthening civil solidarity in wartime
Authors: Madryha Tetiana , Fedoryshyna Kateryna , Krasnodemska Iryna , Bozhko Daria , Chekaliuk Veronika
Published: October 2024

The volunteer movement is an important tool in strengthening civil solidarity, especially in times of war. The aim of the study is to determine and analyze the role of the volunteer movement in strengthening civil solidarity in times of war. The research used methods such as normative dogmatics, historical analysis of law, comparative law, the method of alternatives, as well as the method of analysis and synthesis. The research found that volunteer initiatives help to mobilize citizens to provide assistance and support to combatants and victims, as well as to strengthen social solidarity. Ways and examples of strengthening the volunteer movement, improving it in line with world standards, were considered. Conclusions. Successful coordination and cooperation between volunteers, civil society and the state are essential to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of efforts in responding to military conflicts and in shaping the image of the state.
Linguistic means of identity construction in media texts (comparative analysis of political interviews)
Authors: Pryma Viktoriia , Shkorubska Yuliia , Soshko Oksana , Khlystun Iryna , Hertsovska Nataliia
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to determine and explain the influence of discourse of political interviews on audience identity construction and their understanding of social and political processes. Methods of cross-cultural analysis, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the method of linguistic analysis of identity markers in media text, and the method of linguistic analysis of identity markers were used in the study. The reliability of the methods was checked with Cronbach's alpha. The increase in the importance of media and social networks in identity construction indicates reorientation of the modern society towards digital platforms as a key factor of public position determination. Increased individualization was fixed in identity formation, where personal choices and clarity are important factors affecting the self-determination process. The study confirms that identity formation in media texts is a complex and multifaceted process, which includes the interaction of different aspects as individual, group, cultural and political identities. Further research perspectives are the study of the role of new technologies, including artificial intelligence and large data analysis in identity construction and interaction with the audience in the digital environment.
Financial resources for investment in education in Vietnam
Authors: Nhung Doan Hong , Hung Nguyen Vinh
Published: October 2024

Currently, the education system in Vietnam is quite diverse from the levels of education to the participants in organizing training education activities. In particular, the public education system is facing fierce competition with the education system established by the private sector. Competition not only comes from infrastructure, training programs, and lecturers... but also from financial resources to organize and maintain activities. Therefore, because a training institution wants to have good infrastructure and highly qualified lecturers, it is very necessary to have abundant financial resources to carry out the plans in the middle and long term. The problem of creating and using financial resources to invest in education is always a painful and complicated issue for training institutions in Vietnam today. Stemming from outstanding practical problems, the article studies the financial sources of investment in education in Vietnam. On that basis, some solutions are proposed to contribute to the improvement of the education legal system, improve the quality of education, and efficient use of financial resources for the education system.
The role of the media in the formation of national (ethnic) identity
Authors: Bidzilya Yuriy , Snitsarchuk Lidiya , Solomin Yevhen , Shkurko Halyna , Shvets Viacheslav
Published: October 2024

The public beliefs are formed under the significant influence of the media. Such an influence can have both positive consequences, in particular, strengthened national identity, and negative consequences — the sowing of enmity, doubts, the destruction of authority. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the role of the media in the formation of national identity in terms of three components: the provision of information by the media, the reaction of citizens and state initiatives. The study employed statistical analysis, survey results, correlation analysis, and content analysis. The current state of the national (ethnic) identity of Ukrainians was described in the research, its significant growth during the period of independence (up to 84.6% in 2022) was noted. The role of the media in the formation of national identity was analysed according to the three identified vectors of influence. The academic novelty of this study is the approach to analysing the role of the media in the formation of national identity in terms of three components: information provided by the media; citizens’ reaction to this information; state initiatives that mediate the relationship between the media and society.
Effect of self-consciousness on e-learning attitudes among high school students, Hyderabad, India
Authors: Rani Ridhi , Prasad KDV , Srinivas Ved
Published: October 2024

The study looks at the relationship between E-Learning attitudes and self-consciousness among high school students studying in Hyderbad City, an Indian metropolis, during the 2022-2023 academic year. The study had a total of 578 students (305 males and 273 females). Participants were given the Test of E-Learning Related Attitudes (TeLRA) and the Self-Consciousness Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 software. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to determine the predictive role of self-consciousness in E-Learning Attitudes. A positive link was discovered between "self-consciousness" and "E-Learning attitude" among high school students. To compare groups based on demographic characteristics, we performed ndependent sample t-tests and one-way ANOVA. Female students had a significantly higher E-Learning attitudes score than male students (t= -4.78; p<0.05). Students having a good educational background from their family had significantly higher E-Learning attitude scores than those without (t=3.4; p<0.001). There were no significant variations based on the technology used during E-Learning or other demographic characteristics. Female students scored considerably higher on private self-consciousness (t=-4.96; p<0.001), general self-consciousness (t=-6.37; p<0.001), and social anxiety (t=-8.57; p<0.001) than male students. Students with a family education history exhibited significantly higher general self-consciousness scores (t=2.39; p<0.05) compared to those without E-Learning experience. The results were discussed, and recommendations for further scientific study were made.t (t=3.4; p<0.001).
Digitizing literature teaching materials through the AnyFlip application
Authors: Hassan Tuan Rusmawati Raja , Ali Abdul Halim , Ghazali Mohd Faradi Mohamed , Ismail Nor Hasimah , Suliman Mohd Saipuddin , Yaacob Mohd Firdaus Che
Published: October 2024

Literature is considered a refined and aesthetic literary art (Ali Ahmad, 1994). However, it can be understood that Malay literature is a reflection of society. Literature is also seen as a medium utilized by authors to convey ideologies, experiences, thoughts, and knowledge in a concrete form. Literary works function as education, teaching, and aesthetic satisfaction. Therefore, literary works are crucial to be highlighted as primary reading materials because they are rich in knowledge. Works produced by National Laureates, for example, have significant meanings that need interpretation. Indirectly, they are important in shaping the character of society. On the other hand, literature seems to be marginalized and looked down upon. Literary works are often considered boring, lacking commercial value, and using language that is difficult to understand. The lack of teaching aids is also criticized as one of the factors making it difficult for students to review in a more systematic way. This study was conducted to change the public perception of literature and make literature learning more accessible, easier, and less boring. The study explores learning innovation through the AnyFlip digital book. It focused on award-winning short stories by National Laureates, including "Angin Timur Laut" (1969) by S.Othman Kelantan, "Gunung" (1988) by Shahnon Ahmad, "Perjalanan Terakhir" (1971) by Anwar Ridhwan, and "Darah dan Airmata" (1984) by Keris Mas. A quantitative method, using a survey instrument in Google Forms, was conducted on 26 part time students of JMK221, Modern Malay Fiction at the School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia. The study was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) system. The study found that digital short stories had a positive impact on students. This acceptance proves that literary materials should be updated to attract the interest of students, particularly Generation Z, and that literary knowledge can be delivered more efficiently and interactively.
A case study on the problems experienced by foreign high school students
Authors: Oksüzoğlu Meryem , Bayırlı Ayşe
Published: October 2024

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) has become a country that receives continuous immigration. Children of immigrant families who come to work have adaptation problems and this significantly impacts their education. This paper aims to identify the problems these high school students experience and propose possible solutions in addition to the precautions already in place. In this research qualitative method was used. 20 teachers, 4 vice principals and a school principal participated in the research. Eight semi-structured questions were asked of the participants to get their opinions on data collection. Obtained data were interpreted and analysed through themes. From the findings, it was determined that the fundamental issues were language skills  and economic problems. It is identified that these fundamental problems trigger other problems which make processes more complicated for students. No official practice was observed at schools; however, some subject teachers volunteered, besides the counselors, to help solving students’ problems on a voluntary basis. It has become clear that formal and effective policies need to be developed in order to solve the problems of foreign students.
(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)
Özet
 
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC), sürekli olarak göç alan bir ülke durumuna gelmiştir. Ülkeye gelen göçmen ailelerin çocuklarının okulda adaptasyonla ilgili sorunlar yaşadıkları ve bunun eğitimlerine ciddi şekilde yansıdığı görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda yapılan bu araştırmada, KKTC’de devlet okullarında (14-16 yaş) eğitim gören 3. ülke vatandaşı göçmen ailelerin çocuklarının okullarda yaşadığı sorunların belirlenmesi ve bu sorunların giderilmesine yönelik atılacak adımların neler olabileceğı konusunda görüş ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında 20 öğretmen, 4 müdür yardımcısı ve bir okul müdürü katılımcı olarak yer almıştır.    Katılımcılara sekiz adet yarı yapılandırılmış soru sorulmuş ve ulaşılan veriler incelenerek tematik değerlendirilmiştir. Ortaya çıkan bulgularda, öğrencilerin öncelikli sorunlarının dil yetersizliği, kültür farklılığı ve ekonomik durumlarından kaynaklanan sorunlar olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Okullarda bu sorunların giderilmesine yönelik resmi bir program bulunmadığı, rehber öğretmenler ile bazı branş öğretmenlerin gönüllü olarak çaba gösterdiği görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, göçmen öğrencilerin sorunlarının giderilmesinde resmi olarak etkili bir politika   geliştirilerek uygulamaya konmasının gerekliliği ortaya konmuştur.
Performance Evaluation Study of Stripper in CO2 Removal Unit
Authors: Anugrah Andika , Hidayat Muslikhin , Sediawan Wahyudi Budi
Published: October 2024

An ammonia plant has a very important role in the fertilizer industry. This plant processes natural gas, steam, and air as raw materials into ammonia and carbon dioxide (CO2) products. The ammonia and CO2 products will become feed for the urea plant. One of the units in the ammonia plant is CO2 removal. The CO2 removal unit functions to separate CO2 gas from syngas to be processed to the urea plant, so the performance of the CO2 removal unit is very crucial for the plant. One of the pieces of equipment that supports the performance of the CO2 removal unit is a stripper. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the stripper by arranging a mathematical model and solution for steady-state conditions. One of the stripping performance parameters is CO2 lean loading. Completing mathematical equations using the Matlab program and obtaining profiles of the mole flow rate and temperature along the bed packing stripper. Variables that affect stripper performance include temperature and pH. When compared with operational plant data, the simulation results show an error of below five percent. The optimum operating conditions for the stripping process so that CO2 lean loading is minimum:a. Bottom stripper temperature = 1200C – 1230C,b. pH inlet stripper = 7.9-8.1.
Synthesis of Isatin-based Chalcone Derivatives and Their Activity as Antioxidants
Authors: Saputri Yosephine Liliana Intan Danar , Cahyana Antonius Herry , Yunarti Rika Tri
Published: October 2024

The body needs antioxidants to combat free radicals and guard against their damaging effects on healthy cells that might result in degenerative disorders. Several degenerative diseases include hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and cancer. The human body can deal with free radical attacks caused by radiation, stress, cigarette smoke, and environmental pollution, so it requires additional external antioxidants to protect against free radical attacks. Chalcone is a compound that has an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system, which makes chalcone compounds have biological activity. Chalcone compounds may be used in pharmacology as antioxidants, antifungals, antibacterial agents, anticancer agents, and for other biological activities. This study aims to synthesize a chalcone derivative, namely 3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one and 5-chloro-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one containing a chloro substituent, as well as test the potential of these compounds as antioxidants. The reflux method of claisen-schmidt condensation of isatin and acetophenone was used to create chalcone derivatives. Spectroscopy was used to characterize the produced chemicals (UV-VIS, IR, and LCMS) and their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. This study showed that the antioxidant activity of 3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one and 5-chloro-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one compounds is very weak at low concentrations.
Influence of Local Peripheral Temporary Ischaemia on Biochemical and Histological Effects in Small Intestine and Serum of Rats Following Abdominal Irradiation
Authors: Przybyszewski Waldemar M. , Walichiewicz P. , Widel M. , Polaniak R. , Śnietura M. , Maniakowski Z. , Jacheć W.
Published: October 2024

The local temporary ischaemia effect on radiation-induced lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase isoenzyme activities, and intestinal crypt number was estimated in male WAG-strain rats in vivo. The animals were irradiated in the abdomen area with doses of 2 Gy for ten consecutive days using a Philips 60Co source. The calculated dose rate was 0.595 Gy/min. Local temporary ischaemia was induced by clamping the tail base before each irradiation. The parameters evaluated were: TBA-RS level and enzymatic activities of CuZnSOD, MnSOD in serum and jejunum. The number of jejunum crypts was assigned as a histopathologic parameter. The results showed a clear protection by ischaemic preconditioning for crypt survival. The difference in the number of crypts in irradiated animals with and without local temporary ischaemia was statistically significant (Student’s t-test P < 0.05). Also, significant enhancement of TBA-RS was observed in the serum of irradiated animals. Local temporary ischaemia application diminished the concentration of radiation-induced TBA-RS. The differences in the levels of TBA-RS in the serum were statistically significant (ANOVA P < 0.002). In contrast, there was no evident effect on the level of TBA-RS in tissue homogenates in any investigated groups. Some fluctuation of CuZnSOD isoenzyme activity in intestinal tissue was noted; however, the differences were not significant. Local temporary ischaemia had no influence on MnSOD activity in serum, and in both irradiated groups the behaviour of this isoenzyme was similar. Also, there were no differences in MnSOD activity measured in tissue homogenates. These findings support results of our previous in vivo studies, suggesting that local temporary ischaemia can prevent oxidative effects of fractionated radiotherapy.
Response of host Indian Musa germplasm against artificially induced root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae)
Authors: A Nithya Devi  , K Kumanan  , P R Kamalkumaran  , R Arunkumar  , M. Manikandan  , S. Sheeba Joyce Roseleen  , V. K. Satya
Published: October 2024

Under greenhouse condition, the host response of fifty-nine banana genotypes (Musa spp.) from the Eumusa section to the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus coffeae) was assessed. In a factorial completely randomized design (FCRD) with five replications, healthy banana suckers of the diploid and triploid accessions were planted in cement pots. Uninoculated controls were included in the experiment as comparison to study the sensitivity of the genotypes. Two varieties (Pisang Lilin and Nendran) with known reaction to lesion nematode were also included as reference clones because of their resistance and susceptibility to P. coffeae. Banana accessions maintained in the pots were inoculated with infective juveniles of root-lesion nematode, P. coffeae at 45 days after planting at the rate of 400 nematodes/pot. Ninety days after inoculation, the plants were harvested to observe the response of the different banana genotypes to P. coffeae. Data were recorded on plant growth (plant height, girth at the base, number of standing leaves, number of roots and weight of the root system), root damage assessment (percentage of infected roots and percentage necrosis) and nematode reproduction. When inoculated with nematodes, the reduction in plant growth attributes was relatively higher in genotypes that were susceptible. The reduction in growth characters viz., plants height, number of roots and root fresh weight were maximum in the diploid genotypes Manguthamng (26.80, 27.2, 33.0 %) and Manohar (25.70, 29.2, 35.2 %) and in the triploid genotypes Kaali, Rajthali, Digjowa, Saapkal, Cheenichampa, Dasaman, Borchampa, Jahaji, Manjahaji, Barjahaji and Sabri when inoculated with Pratylenchus coffeae. Even after nematode inoculation, root investigations showed that resistant and tolerant genotypes had greater numbers of roots as well as high fresh and dry weight of roots. Root and soil population of nematodes assessed at 90 days after inoculation indicated very high population buildup of Pratylenchus coffeae (>28) in diploids Manguthamng and Nendrapadathi and in triploids Jahaji, Manjahaji, Saapkal, Borchampa, Therahaw-1163 and 1164, Ankur-I and Bersain. The rate was the lowest (<9) in the diploid genotypes Kanai Bansi, Kechulepa, M.balbisiana, Athiakol, Bhimkol and Aittakola and in the triploids Karthobiumtham and Ankur-II. The results of the experiment showed that the diploids Musa balbisiana (BB), Aittakola (BB), Bhimkol (BB), Kechulepa (BB), Kanai Bansi (AA) and Athiakol (BB) and the triploid genotypes Kachkel (ABB), Karthobiumtham (ABB) and Ankur-II (ABB) were resistant to Pratylenchus coffeae.
Exploring cadmium tolerance in soil microbes: Isolation and identification of resistant strains
Authors: Chandra Lekha Raman  , Bharani Alagirisamy  , Dhevagi Periyasamy  , Kalaiselvi Thangavel  , Vijayalakshmi Dhashnamurthi
Published: October 2024

Cadmium poses detrimental effects on our surrounding environment and causes various health hazards. In this research, the bacterial diversity of soil samples procured from the contaminated sites of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India was investigated and their cadmium removal potential was assessed. 16S rRna sequencing was followed for the identification of two isolates, which belong to the same genus, Cupriavidus sp. This genus was used for assessing the cadmium bioremediation potential. It was found that the strain S1CL (Cupriavidus necator) exhibited a high ability to remove cadmium (9 %) compared to S3CL (Cupriavidus alkaliphilus), which removed 2 %. The strains were compatible to each other and exhibited 1 2% removal efficiency in combination. The results revealed that Cupriavidus necator possessed a great potential for the cadmium bioremediation process.