bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurements of American lobster heart rate and movements in the wild using a low-cost open source datalogger
Authors: Gutzler Benjamin , Watson Winsor H.
Published: February 2022

To better understand the behavior of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) in the wild, we developed the C-HAT (Crustacean Heart and Activity Tracker): a datalogger capable of continuously recording the triaxial acceleration, compass heading, and heart rate of lobsters that are freely moving in their natural habitat. C-HATs and acoustic transmitters were affixed to six lobsters that were released within an acoustic positioning array off the coast of New Hampshire (USA) and recaptured by divers after 15-47 hours at large. Lobster heart rates tended to be ~60 beats per minute (bpm) at rest, but increased to ~80 bpm during periods of activity. The presence of brief cardiac startle responses during the beginning of some periods of activity suggested that at least a third of their movement bouts occurred in response to external stimuli, such as interactions with other species. The combination of acoustic positioning data and datalogging allowed us to determine if various indices of acceleration could be used to estimate distance traveled. We found a significant correlation between a Movement Index (MI), based on differentiation of the three axes of acceleration, and the distance lobsters traveled in 10 min based on telemetry data. This enabled us to use the MI in concert with compass headings to reconstruct lobster movement paths via dead reckoning. This study demonstrates the potential for low-cost, open-source, dataloggers to provide detailed information on the daily behavior and physiology of marine invertebrates in the wild.
Antigen footprint governs activation of the B cell receptor
Authors: Ferapontov Alexey , Omer Marjan , Baudrexel Isabelle , Nielsen Jesper , Dupont Daniel , Juul-Madsen Kristian , Steen Philipp , Thiel Steffen , Vorup-Jensen Thomas , Jungmann Ralf , Kjems Jørgen , Degn Søren
Published: February 2022

Antigen binding by B cell receptors (BCRs) on cognate B cells elicits a response that eventually leads to production of antibodies. However, it is unclear what the distribution of BCRs is on the naïve B cell and how antigen binding triggers the first step in BCR signaling. Using DNA-PAINT super-resolution microscopy, we find that most BCRs are present as monomers, dimers, or lower-order oligomers on resting B cells, with a nearest-neighbor inter-Fab distance of 20-30 nm. We leverage a Holliday junction nanoscaffold to engineer monodisperse model antigens with precision-controlled affinity and valency, and find that the antigen exerts agonistic effects on the BCR as a function of increasing affinity and avidity. Monovalent macromolecular antigens can activate the BCR at high concentrations, whereas micromolecular antigens cannot, demonstrating that antigen binding does not directly drive activation. Based on this, we propose a novel BCR activation model determined by the antigen footprint.
Modeling Fall Armyworm Resistance in Bt-maize Areas During Crop and Off-seasons
Authors: Tomé Maysa Pereira , Weber Igor Daniel , Garcia Adriano Gomes , Jomielniak Josemeri Aparecida , Wajnberg Eric , Hay-Roe Mirian M. , Godoy Wesley A.C.
Published: February 2022

Entomologists have often used computational modeling to study the dynamics of insects in agricultural landscapes. Recently, important issues such as the movement of adults and immatures associated with insect resistance to GMO (genetically modified organism) crops, have been addressed using computational models. Further studies are needed, especially of structured landscapes composed of GMO plants and alternative hosts that insect pests can exploit. We developed an individual-based model using the cellular automata approach (CA) to investigate how an intercropping system composed of transgenic maize (Bacillus thuringiensis), refuge areas (non-Bt maize), and grasses combined with off-season periods might influence the evolution of resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), one of the leading agricultural pests targeted by GMOs. We designed the Bt and non-Bt plants in two different arrangements: a) a seed mixture and b) alternate rows, adding grasses in areas adjacent to the field. We added the seasonal planting dynamics (crop season and off-season), to evaluate a total of six agricultural scenarios. We followed a crop calendar from the United States to create simulations close to agricultural practice. The results showed that the frequency of the resistance allele was strongly related to the landscape arrangements and their dynamics. Since the adult insects are mobile, the seed-mixture scenario increased the frequency of the resistance allele the most, followed by alternate rows. Finally, grass fields can help to manage S. frugiperda Bt resistance in the agricultural scenarios.
Analysis of the Characteristics of Wind Power and Topography Influence on It, With an Approach to Renewable Energy Generation (Synoptic Meteorological Stations of Mazandaran Province - Northern Iran)
Authors: Bairamvand Reyhaneh , Motevalli Sadroddin , Ghobadi GholamReza Janbaz , Derafshi Khabat
Published: February 2022

There has been a growing demand for energy in the province of Mazandaran in recent years. Considering the capabilities of the province to generate new energy, recognizing and consuming wind energy as a source of renewable energy should be a planning priority. In this study, a statistical analysis of daily wind speed and direction at a height of 10 m in15 synoptic meteorological stations of Mazandaran Province over a 12-year period (2006 to 2017) was conducted to provide a preliminary estimate of the extractable energy and spatial capacity of wind flow. In addition, the characteristics of wind speed and direction, Weibull probability distribution parameters and wind power potential and density of the stations were also determined. ArcGIS interpolation method (IDW) was used to prepare the calculated layers of the average speed, speed continuity, and power density of the wind at 10, 30, and 50 m heights. Furthermore, to examine the influence of topography on the wind variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between altitude, hillslope aspect, and slope indicators with each of the wind variables. A map of wind speed zones at 50 m height reveals that Baladeh station, with an average monthly wind speed of 5.98 m/s, has a maximum wind speed of 7.78 m/s in July. About 7 months of the year (April to October), the station records wind speeds of more than 6 m/s, especially during the warmer months. The study of spatial distribution of wind speed at different altitudes of the province shows that the average wind speed increases by 0.96 m/s to 2.91 m/s with increasing altitude from less than 200 m to over 5000 m.
FinTech Innovations and Islamic Banking Performance: Post pandemic Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Rahman Abdul Aziz Abdul , Rahiman Habeeb Ur , Meero Abdelrhman , Amin Ahmed Rashad
Published: February 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Enhancing resilience of at-risk social groups to climate change in two contrasting ecosystems in the semi-arid Far North Region Cameroon
Authors: Njoya Hamza Moluh , Eshetu Shibire Bekele , Msangi Haji Athumani , Wouapi Herve Alain Napi , Loehr Katharina , Sieber Stefan
Published: February 2022

Climate change and variability contribute to exacerbating poverty and social tensions in poor countries. This research examines the underlying processes that contribute to a shared understanding of the socio-ecological resilience of upland and floodplain farming systems in the Far North Region of Cameroon. Built on community-based data and 28 key informant interviews to characterize farmers’ livelihoods, including implications of (non) climate factors on the latter, the research uses qualitative content analysis for data validation and analysis. The study reveals that the majority of farmers are most concerned about erratic rains and false starts, two major constraints for farm output. Further, the breakup of social capital as community members scatter in desperate search of alternative livelihood options is another factor. Overall, the resilience of farming communities in the studied areas is largely undermined by exposure to water- and vector-borne diseases, inadequate village infrastructure, lack of timely access to quality agro-input, seasonal weather forecasts, and institutional support. Food shortages are a potential consequence. Further, over-reliance on grazing land and water leaves herders with little or no viable options, just a narrow window to move their livestock to the neighbouring Chad Republic in a quest for fodder – a costly and counterproductive option. Finally, the findings suggest effectual coping strategies and a culture of adaptive management, including the establishment of relevant institutions to lessen vulnerability and foreseeable threats to food security in the semiarid climate change hotspots of the Far North region Cameroon.
Interprofessional Education Research: Disciplines, Authorship Practices, Research Design, and Dissemination Trends
Authors: Olsen Amanda A. , Lupton-Smith Carly P. , Dallaghan Gary L. Beck , McLaughlin Jacqueline E.
Published: February 2022

Background: In 2007, the World Health Organization launched the Programme on Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice to emphasize the importance of interprofessional education (IPE). Since then, numerous IPE reviews have focused on what has been implemented and evaluated. The purpose of this review was to explore how IPE has been implemented and evaluated. Methods: The following aspects of IPE research were explored: 1) disciplines included; 2) authorship patterns, 3) assessment focus, and 4) dissemination trends. Abstracts were screened before a full text screening, review, data extraction, analysis and audit. Frequency and percentages were reported for categorical data while means and standard deviations were reported for continuous data. Chi-squared analyses examined differences between groups for categorical variables. Results: Three-hundred and fifty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Authors from medical, nursing, and pharmacy schools published most frequently, with a majority using quantitative or mixed-methods techniques. Most studies involved a student discipline without an author from that discipline. Most studies also evaluated student perceptions. Studies were published in 98 journals, most of which were interdisciplinary journals, with the largest increase in publications in the most recent year of the review. Conclusion: IPE research has grown substantially over the past 10 years. Consideration should be given to expanding IPE research methodologies, strategically publishing IPE findings, and promoting authorship representation for student disciplines involved in IPE.
Detection of heroin addiction- and relapse-induced axonal transport dysfunction in the brain in vivo by MRI
Authors: Yang Jun , Luo Yueyuan , Liao Chengde , Chen Long , Zhang Yongjin , Bao Shasha , Deng Ailin , Ke Tengfei , Li Qinqing
Published: February 2022

Purpose Heroin is a highly addictive drug that causes axonal damage. Here, manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) was used to dynamically monitor axonal transport in different stages after heroin addiction.Methods Rodent models of heroin addiction (HA) and heroin relapse (HR) were established by injection of different doses of heroin solution at different times. Heroin-induced learning and memory deficits were evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM). MEMRI was used to dynamically evaluate axonal transport through the olfactory pathway. The expression of proteins related to axonal structure and function were assessed by western blotting. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe ultrastructural changes. Neurofilament heavy chain (NF-H) protein levels were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.Result HA model rats and especially HR model rats showed worse spatial learning and memory abilities than control rats. Compared with HA model rats and control rats, HR model rats exhibited a significant increase in escape latency and significant decreases in the number of platform location crossings and time spent in the target quadrant. Mn2+ transport was accelerated in HA model rats. HR model rats exhibited a severely insufficient capacity for Mn2+ transport, and the axonal transport rate (ATR) was significantly reduced in these rats compared to control rats (P<0.001). The levels of cytoplasmic dynein and KIF5 in rats in the HR group were significantly decreased (P<0.001), and the levels of energy-related proteins, including COX IV and ATPB, were lower in the HR group than the control group (P<0.001). The brains of heroin-exposed rats showed an abnormal ultrastructure, exhibiting neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Heroin decreased the expression of NF-H, with the staining intensity being significantly reduced in tissues from HA and HR model rats (P<0.05).Conclusion MEMRI can detect axonal transport dysfunction caused by long-term repeated exposure to heroin, and decreases in the levels of motor proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction may be the main causes of this axonal transport impairment. Thus, the study shows that MEMRI is a potential tool for visualizing axonal transport in individuals experiencing drug addiction, providing a new direction for the evaluation of addictive drug withdrawal.
Late-Term Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Argun Mustafa , Seber Turgut , Durmuş Sevgi Yaşar , Çelik İlhami , Taşçı Onur , Sunkak Süleyman , Özsoylu Serkan , Elmalı Ferhan
Published: February 2022

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) develops as an exaggerated, complex, postinfectious immune response related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 virus), which affects all systems in the body. Cardiac involvement in children can have a spectrum ranging from mild disease to severe heart failure due to fulminant myocarditis. Cardiac involvement usually resolves after clinical recovery. However, the adverse effect of myocarditis on cardiac function after recovery is not fully known. In this study, we aimed to investigate cardiac involvement by performing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after acute and recovery stage. Here, we describe the clinical and laboratory features and the effect of treatment on the development of fibrosis on cardiac MRI in 21 patients with MIS-C and the localization of fibrosis in five patients.When compared with 16 patients with normal cardiac MRI, five patients with cardiac fibrosis on MRI had a greater age (mean 14.4 ± 4.0 years vs 8.9 ± 3.5 years; p=0.007), a similar gender distribution (male/female: 3/2 vs 5/11; p= 0.325), a greater body mass index (BMI) (mean 22.68±4.48 kg/m2 vs 17.73±3.15 kg/m2;p=0.012), a lower leucocyte count, [median 5250/μl (3880-7790) vs 12065/μl (4210-21210); p=0.011], a lower neutrophil count [median 4000/μl (2150-6560) vs 9875/μl (2540-18500); p=0.019], a higher blood urea nitrogen level [median 15 mg/dL (11-26.8) vs 8.5 mg/dL (4-18); p=0.025], and a higher creatinine level (mean 0.61±0.07 mg/dL vs 0.45±0.14 mg/dL; p= 0.024). Cardiac fibrosis on MRI was located in the region of posterior right ventricle insertion point and in the midventricular septum.ConclusionsAdolescence and obesity appear as risk factors for the development of fibrosis as a late-term sequela of myocarditis. We believe that other mechanisms such as a complex immune system response and hemodynamic instability causing acute kidney injury may similarly play a role for the development of cardiac fibrosis. However, this subject should be clarified by more comprehensive studies. Furthermore, future studies reporting the follow-up data of patients with fibrosis are necessary to predict and manage adverse outcomes.
Breast cancer incidence and survival in Scotland by socio-economic deprivation and tumour subtype
Authors: Eguiagaray Ines Mesa , Wild Sarah H , Bird Sheila M , Williams Linda J , Brewster David H , Hall Peter S , Figueroa Jonine D
Published: February 2022

Background:Women from socio-economically deprived areas are less likely to develop and then to survive breast cancer (BC). It is unknown whether the associations between deprivation and BC incidence and survival differ by tumour subtypes.Methods:Data consisted of 62,378 women diagnosed with invasive BC between 2000 and 2016 in Scotland. Incidence rates and time trends were calculated for oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) tumours and stratified by quintiles of an area-based measure of socio-economic status and screening status. We calculated hazard ratios for BC death by molecular subtype adjusted for screening status and other confounders (aHR) for the most versus the least deprived quintile.Results:In Scotland, screen detected ER+ tumour incidence increased over time, particularly in the least deprived quintile (AAPC=2.9% [1.2, 4.7]) with no marked differences observed for non-screen detected ER+ tumours or ER- tumours by deprivation. BC mortality was higher in the most compared to the least deprived quintile irrespective of ER status (aHR =1.29 [1.18, 1.41] for ER+ and 1.27 [1.09, 1.47] for ER- tumours). Deprivation was also associated with significantly higher mortality for luminal A and HER2 enriched tumours (aHR =1.46 [1.13, 1.88] and 2.10 [1.23, 3.59] respectively) but the association was not statistically significant for luminal B and TNBC tumours.Conclusions:Deprivation is associated with differential breast cancer incidence trends for screen-detected ER+ tumours and with higher mortality for select tumour subtypes. Further research is required to confirm these findings and monitor inequalities in BC by tumour subtypes.
Histone Demethylase UTX Regulates Glioblastoma Progression Through Affecting Periostin Expression
Authors: Luan Yan , Liu Yingfei , Xue Jingwen , Wang Ke , Ma Kaige , Lu Haixia , Chen Xinlin , LIU YONG , Zhang Zhichao
Published: February 2022

The histone H3K27 demethylase UTX participates in regulating multiple cancer types. However, less is known about the function of UTX in glioblastoma (GBM), let alone in glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). Our study aims to investigate the functional role and regulatory mechanism of UTX on GBM. By summarizing data from the TCGA database, we showed that UTX expression was significantly increased in GBM and inversely correlated with survival. And knockdown UTX inhibited LN-229 cell (a human GBM cell line) proliferation and promoted apoptosis in a mouse xenograft model. Gene expression profile of UTX knockdown LN-229 cells was analyzed by RNA-seq. The results indicated that the altered genes were strongly associated with tumor progression and the extracellular environment. Bioinformatics and STRING database were used to elucidate the mechanism of UTX and the target gene. Protein-protein interaction analysis periostin (POSTN) protein could interact with most of the other UTX-mediated proteins. More importantly, POSTN supplement abolished the effect of UTX knockdown in GBM cells. Furthermore, silencing UTX exhibited a similar antitumor effect in patient-derived GSCs, while UTX functions were partially restored after exposing POSTN. Our findings suggested that knockdown UTX inhibited GBM progression and tumorigenesis by enhancing the levels of H3K27 methylation in the POSTN gene, thereby suppressing the expression of POSTN and lots of extracellular matrix proteins, providing that UTX might be a vigorous therapeutic strategy for GBM treatment.
Human orthopedic research articles convey information better than veterinary orthopedic research articles: Evidence-based manuscript writing guidelines
Authors: Evans Richard , Pozzi Antonio
Published: February 2022

Objective.The objective of this study was to compare the brevity and clarity of human orthopedic articles to veterinary orthopedic articles. The goal is to provide authors and reviewers with objective, evidence-based guidelines to critically evaluate the brevity and clarity of veterinary manuscripts during the writing phase of research and the review process. Study design.We used word counts and the percent of active voice sentences to assess the brevity and clarity of the introduction sections and discussion sections in 15 randomly chosen veterinary orthopedic clinical trial articles and 15 randomly chosen human orthopedic clinical trial articles. Results.Veterinary introduction sections were on average 193 words longer than human introduction sections (p=0.001). Veterinary discussion sections were on average 370 words longer than human discussion sections. Veterinary introduction sections had on average 14.4 percent fewer active voice sentences than human introduction sections (p=0.003). Veterinary discussion sections had on average 8.3 percent fewer active voice sentences than human discussion sections. Conclusion.Human orthopedic clinical trial articles are more concise and direct than veterinary clinical trial articles.
25I seeds implantation for lymph nodes metastasisfrom radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma: A short-term efficacy and dosimetry study
Authors: Zhang Guoxu , Zhang Wenwen , Hao Shanshan , Wang Zhiguo , Ji Liqiu , Ge Xiangyan , Li Gen , Wang Youchao
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 125I seeds implantation for lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) from radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma (RAIR-DTC), and to verify the computer three-dimensional treatment planning system (TPS) from the dosimetry accuracy in assisting seeds implantation to treat LNM.Methods and materials: Retrospective analysis was performed on 17 RAIR-DTC patients with LNM admitted to the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from December 2016 to January 2019 (8 males, 9 females, median age 58 years). All patients underwent preoperative TPS planning design, CT-guided puncture and 125I seeds implantation (seed activity 14.8-25.9 MBq). The dosimetric results of postoperative validation were compared with those of preoperative planning, including the dosimetric parameters such as target volume before and after surgery and the dose received by 90% and 100% gross tumor volume (GTV) (D90, D100),the percentage of GTV receiving 100% and 150% prescription dose (V100, V150), homogeneity index (HI). All patients underwent CT after 6 months to compare the LNM size, serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level, and the improvement of complications before and after treatment. Efficacies were divided into complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD). Paired t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze the data.Results: Among 17 patients, a total of 226 125I radioactive seeds were implanted. Among them, 1 achieved CR, 10 achieved PR, 4 were with SD, 2 were with PD. The median diameter of LNM was 1.40(0.65, 3.05) cm before treatment and 0.40(0.21，0.91) cm 6 months after treatment (z=-3.95, P<0.05). The median Tg before treatment was 23.50(20.94,72.92) μg/L and 8.90(3.20,40.22) μg/L 6 months after treatment (z=-5.009, P<0.001); Tg antibody were all negative. There were 90.90% (20/22) of patients had slightly lower D90 than the rescription dose ((12 378.8±3 182.0) vs (12 497.8±1 686.4) cGy; t=0.251, P>0.05). The postoperative dose parameters D100 and V150 ((6 881.5±1 381.8) cGy, (58.5±18.40)%) were both lower than that of preoperative plan ((8 085.8±2 330.0) cGy, (66.5±17.70)%; t values: 8.913, 3.032, both P<0.05), and there was no significant differences in the number of implanted particles, PTV, V100 and HI (t/Z =-0.593,-1.604,1.493,-0.663, respectively, all P>0.05).Conclusion: According to the TPS preoperative plan, 125I seeds implantation for treating RAIR-DTC LNM can achieve the expected dose distribution, and the short-term tumor local control is effective. It is a safe and effective treatment method.
Reference Role of Middle Turbinate Axilla in Lacrimal Sac Localization Assisted by Computed Tomographic Dacryocystography
Authors: Yang Lihong , Li Hongxun , Yin Zhi , Zhang Lei , Yang Zhenhai
Published: February 2022

To investigate the influencing factors and availability of locating the lacrimal sac by the reference position of the middle turbinate axilla (MTA) on computed tomographic dacryocystography (CT-DCG) images. A series of 192 endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgeries were performed in 162 patients . All the patients had been diagnosed as nasolacrimal duct obstruction and received CT-DCG examinations. According to the maximum transverse diameter of the lacrimal sac on CT-DCG, the patients were classified into three groups. Measurements were taken on CT-DCG parasagittal images. The average distance from the sac superior fundus (SSF) to the MTA was 7.52mm±3.23mm, and it increased with the increase of the maximum transverse diameter of sac among groups (p<0.01). The average distance from the common canaliculus (CC) to the MTA was 3.95mm±2.49 mm. No significant difference among the groups (p=0.11). The average distance from the CC to the SSF was 3.41mm±1.31mm, and it increased with the increase of the sac transverse diameter among groups (p<0.01). The lacrimal sac can be accurately located on the lateral nasal wall by the reference position of the MTA and the CC on CT-DCG images. The distance of the SSF to the MTA was influenced by the lacrimal sac size. The distance of the CC to the MTA was more constant on CT-DCG images.
The effect of drip irrigation under mulch on groundwater infiltration and recharge in a semi-arid agricultural region in China
Authors: Zhang Jing , Jing Haihua , Dong Kebao , Jin Zexu , Ma Jiaqi
Published: February 2022

The wide application of drip irrigation under mulch in semi-arid agricultural regions in China not only improves agricultural water efficiency, but also affects formation of groundwater and the mechanism of water infiltration to a certain extent. This paper takes the typical semi-arid agricultural region in China as the research object. The movement of soil water under the three types of underlying surface was simulated by the Hydrus-2D model for the quantitative analysis of groundwater recharge. The influence of drip irrigation under mulch on groundwater infiltration depth and cumulative infiltration amount under different level years was simulated. Taking a normal flow year as an example, the simulated results showed that the maximum infiltration depth of drip irrigation under mulch reached 250 cm, which was greater than that of border irrigation (138 cm) and bare area (158 cm). The cumulative infiltration amounts of drip irrigation under mulch at 80, 120, 140 and 200 cm were respectively 1,484.8 m3/hm2, 686.3 m3/hm2, 554.1 m3/hm2 and 238.1 m3/hm2, which were greater than that of border irrigation and bare land at the same depth. The results proved that drip irrigation under mulch could increase the infiltration depth and cumulative infiltration amount, which is beneficial to groundwater recharge in semi-arid agricultural regions of China.
Effect of solid waste landfill leachate contaminants on hydraulic conductivity of landfill liners
Authors: Özçoban Mehmet Şükrü , Acarer Seren , Tüfekci Neşe
Published: February 2022

Landfilling is one of the most widely used methods to reduce the impact on the environment and human health by ensuring the management of solid wastes. For the process in question to be called landfill, the landfill leachate must be controlled and liner impermeability conditions must be provided. For this reason, compacted clay liners (CCL) and geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) with very low hydraulic conductivity are often used as hydraulic barriers in landfills to prevent the risk of leachate mixing with groundwater. However, as a result of various interactions between leachate–clay liners, changes occur in the hydraulic conductivity of the liners. In this review, the change (increase/decrease) in the hydraulic conductivity of the landfill liners caused by the contaminants in the leachate composition and the mechanisms responsible for this change were examined. In addition, deficiencies in the literature on this subject were identified and directions for future studies were presented.
Interseccionalidades y trabajo de cuidado: migración circular boliviana en el norte Chile
Authors: Garcés-Estrada Carolina , Leiva-Gómez Sandra , Comelin-Fornés Andrea
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza las múltiples opresiones en el trabajo de cuidado y en la migración circular de mujeres bolivianas en el norte de Chile. El análisis se centra en el enfoque interseccional, ya que tensiona y profundiza aún más el campo de análisis de la migración circular en zonas transfronterizas, donde tienden a legitimarse y consolidarse las desigualdades sociales, sustancialmente la clase social y la raza. Aquí emergen hallazgos para el caso específico, relacionados con el estatus migratorio, la racialización y sexualización en la división internacional del trabajo. Para pensar estos procesos, la interseccionalidad opera como un marco crítico de las estructuras globales y relaciones de poder que producen y reproducen las relaciones de desigualdad que afectan a las mujeres migrantes bolivianas.
Cuerpos, masculinidades y deportes. Las tapas de la revista El Gráfico, Argentina 1920-1930
Authors: Scharagrodsky Pablo
Published: February 2022

El siguiente trabajo analiza los modos en que una de las revistas deportivas más importantes de la Argentina, El Gráfico, en los años ‘20 y ‘30 presentó y (re)presentó a los varones en el amplio y diverso universo de la cultura física y deportiva. Para indagar los distintos sentidos sobre la masculinidad, focalizamos la atención en las tapas de la famosa revista. A partir de una metodología cualitativa que articuló el análisis histórico hermenéutico, la historia visual y los estudios de género se ha identificado el modelo corporal masculino dominante el cual condensó distintos significados: fuerza, valentía, habilidad, caballerosidad, inteligencia táctica, picardía ‘criolla’, antagonismo, despliegue físico; resistencia, carácter, dinamismo, sentido de pertenencia nacional; y reconocimiento social, nobleza y status.
Kappa/Lambda light-chain typing in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kaya Zelal Zuhal , Tuzuner Mete Bora , Sahin Betul , Akgun Emel , Aksungar Fehime , Koca Sebile , Serdar Muhittin , Sahin Sevki , Cinar Nilgun , Karsidag Sibel , Hanagasi Hasmet Ayhan , Kilercik Meltem , Serteser Mustafa , k Baykal Ahmet Tari
Published: February 2022

Background:

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to symptomatic events is still a puzzling task. Developing a biomarker-based, low-cost, and high-throughput test, readily applicable in clinical laboratories, dramatically impacts the rapid and reliable detection of the disease.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop an accurate, sensitive, and reliable screening tool for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, which can significantly reduce the cost and time of existing methods.

Methods:

We have employed a MALDI-TOF-MS-based methodology combined with a microaffinity chromatography enrichment approach using affinity capture resins to determine serum kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) light chain levels in control and patients with AD.

Results:

We observed a statistically significant difference in the kappa light chain over lambda light chain (κLC/λLC) ratios between patients with AD and controls (% 95 CI: -0.547 to -0.269, p<0.001). Our method demonstrated higher sensitivity (100.00%) and specificity (71.43%) for discrimination between AD and controls.

Conclusion:

We have developed a high-throughput screening test with a novel sample enrichment method for determining κLC/λLC ratios associated with AD diagnosis. Following further validation, we believe our test has a potential for clinical laboratories.
Differential Effects of Processing Methods on the Antioxidant Activity of
Red and Cream Bambara Groundnut Seeds
Authors: Chinnapun Dutsadee
Published: February 2022

Background:

The red and cream bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
are generally grown in Thailand. Bambara groundnut seeds must be cooked before consumption.
However, the differential effects of processing methods on the antioxidant activity of red and
cream bambara groundnut seeds remain unknown.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity affected by the steaming, boiling,
and dry heating processes of red and cream bambara groundnut seeds.

Methods:

Red and cream bambara groundnut seeds were treated with steaming, boiling, and dry
heating processes, and the antioxidant compounds, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity
(SOSA), and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were evaluated.

Results:

Compared to the raw sample of red bambara groundnut seeds, all processing methods
decreased total phenolic and tannin content. Only the steaming process caused a significant reduction
in total flavonoid content. All processing methods increased SOSA in the sample of red
bambara groundnut seeds. Out of all the processes, the boiling process produced the highest SOSA.
However, only the steaming process caused an increase in the hydroxyl radical scavenging
activity of red bambara groundnut seed samples. For cream bambara groundnut seeds, only the
dry heating process significantly reduced total phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid content compared
to the raw sample. All processing methods decreased the SOSA in the sample of cream bambara
groundnut seeds. Only the steaming process caused a significant increase in hydroxyl radical
scavenging activity.

Conclusion:

All processes caused an increase in SOSA in red bambara groundnut seeds, however,
caused the loss of SOSA in cream bambara groundnut seeds. In both red and cream bambara
groundnut seeds, steaming was more efficient than raw, boiling, or dry heating for hydroxyl radical
scavenging activities.
Proposta de práticas interativas para a Sala de Vandelli do Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra
Authors: Santos Andreia
Published: February 2022

In the context of the Specialization Pilot Course promoted by the Mu.SA Project – Museum Sector Alliance, the integration in a cultural institution in the form of an internship (or work-based learning) was an important opportunity to put into practice the knowledge obtained in the different modules of the course, allowing the development of various competences within the functional profile of the Digital Interactive Experience Developer. The institution in question was the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra. This contribution presents a brief reflection on this period of integration, summarizing the main objectives, tasks carried out and, in the end, the proposal of some interactive practices that the museum can apply in its exhibition space.
Dehumanization, Hate Speech, and Violence in Right-Wing Extremist Environments
Authors: Kaati Lisa
Published: February 2022

On November 24, 2021, Dr. Lisa Kaati, senior researcher at the Swedish Defence Research Agency, presented Dehumanization, Hate Speech, and Violence in Right-Wing Extremist Environments at the 2021 CASIS West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a group panel for questions and answers. Main discussion topics included extremists’ use of social media to justify and incite violence.
Research conducted in the Dr. Takuya Oki Laboratory
Authors: Oki Takuya
Published: February 2022

Associate Professor Takuya Oki, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, is using big data and AI technology to address issues associated with architectural planning and urban planning research. Through his research he hopes to provide basic data that can be used in architectural and urban
design and in the design and development of urban spaces. He also predicts his research can be used in the analysis of problems within existing spaces and the provision of improvements. Oki is also working to develop a real-time evacuee distribution estimation technology in collaboration with
the University of Tokyo's Assistant Professor Yoshiki Ogawa and Associate Professor Masaaki Imaizumi, and the Shibaura Institute of Technology's Associate Professor Yuki Oyama. The goal of this work is to help solve the problems of developing a wide-area evacuation simulation model that was
originally proposed in Oki's doctoral thesis. To do this, the researchers are using an AI technology called a graph neural network (GNN) model to learn the movement tendency of evacuees from a limited number of simulation results. The team is also using data assimilation to reduce error. Oki
is also working on research for the Consortium for Socio-Functional Continuity Technology (SOFTech) surrounding 'ensuring peace of mind', which involves analysing the gazing tendencies of TV viewers and pedestrians when disaster prevention-related information is presented.
A real-time optimisation for disaster-relief distribution inheterogeneous crowdsourcing
Authors: Zhang Haoran
Published: February 2022

Disasters are becoming more frequent and impactful across the globe. Dr Haoran Zhang and his team are harnessing the power of data and algorithms to enhance disaster management and relief responses. The researchers are based at the Center for Spatial Information Science, University
of Tokyo, Japan, where they are applying big data and artificial intelligence (AI) to simulate real-world normal and emergency cases. They hope that their results can be used to help inform decision making and policy innovations. Their goal is to bridge the technological gaps when integrating
multiple technologies in different fields. Zhang and their team incorporate numerous technologies into their work, including advanced geoanalytical methodologies and a technology called Small World AI that the team developed. Small World AI is a data mining system that is able to simulate
real-world human mobility behaviours and produce geospatial data that can help estimate different threats and impacts. As such, it has the potential to support policy management and smart emergency management and has already helped support responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. The researchers
were able to achieve accurate prediction on the daily number COVID-19 confirmed cases, with an accuracy of around 4 per cent and also simulated the economic impacts under different lockdown policies. Zhang and the team are also working to construct a real-time and hybrid Crowdsourcing Relief
Distribution Optimization Method (CRDOM) and dynamic and static databases.
Development of position calculation method using elevation data by barometric pressure sensor
Authors: Yokota Takayoshi
Published: February 2022

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is used to help people get from A to B by determining the position of us and the vehicles we use for travel. However, there are issues surrounding the GNSS, including its accuracy. This is due to a variety of factors that can cause radio
waves coming in from satellites to experience poor reception. In addition, cybercrime is a concern for the GNSS as with cybercriminals becoming more sophisticated, they could one day interfere with the satellite system, which would cause havoc. Dr Takayoshi Yokota, Graduate School of Engineering,
Tottori University, Japan, is working to overcome these challenges by developing a method for estimating the position of a travelling vehicle based on altitude profile, driving behaviour, road surface roughness and changes in inclination. Yokata and his team are working to enhance the effectiveness
of Micro Electro-Mechanics System (MEMS) sensors. This work involves developing a position calculation method using elevation data by barometric pressure sensor as altitude can be indirectly measured using pressure sensors and this is a convenient method as these sensors are embedded in most
smartphones. In order to aid localisation, acceleration data and angular velocity data are required along with a pressure reading that can be used to calculate altitude. Yokota anticipates that drivers will benefit from the technology in due course.
Investigation on the super steep switching operation mechanism of Ferroelectric HfO2 and implementation of large scale logic circuit with multi Vth
Authors: Hwang Hyeon Jun
Published: February 2022

Semiconductors are crucial to the operation of many important technologies of today. However, defects can occur during the manufacture of semiconductor devices, causing issues such as the deterioration of the device in question. Dr Hyeon Jun Hwang, Center for Semiconductor Technology
Convergence at Pohang University of Science and Technology, South Korea, is investigating a way to prevent these defects from occurring, thereby helping to maintain the operational performance of semiconductors. He and his team are developing a method to analyse the super-steep operation mechanisms
of ferroelectric hafnia thin films. Along with changing requirements for electronic devices comes changing requirements for semiconductors, including a need for the scalability and performance of silicon Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs to be improved, which has
proved challenging. Hwang and the team have found that tunneling Field Effect Transistors (FETs) leads to encouraging characteristics. The researchers also want to uncover a means of changing the gate-coupling portion of the switching mechanism. Two different types of operational mechanisms
have been suggested for FE FETs – negative capacitance and dipole switching. The team has developed a method of analysis that can even be used in real high-k materials.
Ecocritical Media Arts and the War on Terra
Authors: Cubitt Sean
Published: February 2022

Ecocritique accepts, as it must, that humans and environments have been ripped apart historically, sociologically, and aesthetically. But it also recognizes that because we have become strangers, dialogue between humans and environments is possible as it could not be if we were all one universal flux. Because of our mutual alienation, there are endless opportunities for misunderstanding when we capture, store, and process what we confront as Nature. Contemporary economic and political conditions driving ever more terrifying inequalities of wealth and power create the crisis implicit in ecocritique. The critical functions of art, which in these circumstances implies technical and creative aesthetic and political practice, concern the construction of a “we” that embraces the human and non- human victims of ecocide. The master’s tools might dismantle the master’s house, but can they build a different dwelling? Where are the practices that can produce more-than- human social change?
Review of Re@ct: Social Change Art Technology Symposium, 6-8 November 2019, Dundee, Scotland
Authors: Chatzichristodoulou Maria
Published: February 2022

A review of the Re@ct: Social Change Art Technology symposium, which was part of the NEoN Digital Arts Festival in 2019.
9 1/2 EXEMPLARY THOUGHT EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Joanna Walsh
Published: February 2022

Where is the face in interface?
Where is the soft in ware?
What is soft and where?
What happens when a woman whose private acts of abjection (emotional labour, unpaid domestic work) that support—against her will—a political and economic status quo that perpetuates her situation, is offered a range of online platforms on which to screen her self?
How does a woman in front of a screen begin to develop an online persona from which to perform this self? A number of thought experiments demonstrate (as demonstration is a screen mode) some of the available modes and their parameters.
Mobile health application-based interventions for improving self-efficacy among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Shi Nuo , Wong Arkers K.C. , Wong Frances K.Y. , Sha Liyan
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

During the Covid-19 global pandemic, mHealth applications have rapidly gained popularity, including those used to support symptom self-management for breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE

This review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the components of mHealth self-management programs that lead to improvements in self-efficacy and other health outcomes for breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted from databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Crochrane Library, PsychoINFO) and registers (ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO ICTRP). In addition, a citation search was performed for potential missing records. Electronic searches were carried out following PRISMA guidelines (2020). Data extraction and synthesis were mainly based on four domains of the Intervention Scheme in the OMAHA System.

RESULTS

Searches identified 1668 records; 44 articles had full text screening, with five randomized controlled trials (n = 537 participants) included. One study demonstrating significant effectiveness in self-efficacy merely contained one domain, “Teaching, guidance, and counselling”. One study that contained that domain showed a statistically significant improvement in Quality of life (QoL). Significant improvements in symptom burden/distress were observed in the studies that contained either a single domain or a combination of domains.

CONCLUSIONS

The current evidence is still insufficient to conclude that mHealth app-based interventions are effective in terms of self-efficacy and other health outcomes such as QoL, symptom distress/frequency among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The OMAHA System can be introduced to direct healthcare providers to design structured and tailored interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

CRD42021286658
Performance Evaluation of Blended Vegetable Oils as a Cutting Fluid under MQL in Turning
Authors: Putta Nageswara Rao
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Cutting fluids has been extensively uses over the years for the higher productivity and making good quality products. But, Cutting fluid related high costs and health problems are associated with exposure to operator and this lead to environmental pollution increasing. Therefore to maintain free pollution environmental sustainability in manufacturing various vegetable oils has been widely use in various machining process as a cutting fluid. Therefore in this work various vegetable oils were selected due to their wide usage. However compared to bare vegetable oils, vegetable based nanofluids are showed better performance due to their enhanced thermo-physical properties but, they are not suitable for economical machining. Hence, in this work the performance of the widely used three blended bare vegetable oils with their different combinations were evaluated under the turning of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel by using Carbide tool through Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique by the measurements of Surface roughness, maximum generated temperature at specified location and formation chips. All the measured parameters were in agreement, confirming that produces good surface finish, low temperature generated at specified location and better chip formation. It is suggested that considerable cost reduction by using blended vegetable oils as compared to commercial oils. Keywords: Vegetable oils, Blending, MQL, Machining performance, Turning, Carbide Insert