bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La compétence orthographique lexicale peut-elle constituer un facteur de médiation dans l’apprentissage orthographique ?
Authors: Fontaa Claire , Commissaire Éva
Published: August 2022

Nous avons émis l’hypothèse, testée sur un échantillon constitué de 18 normo-lecteurs et de 15 enfants en difficulté de lecture, que la compétence orthographique lexicale pourrait être un facteur de médiation entre la lecture et la production orthographique de mots irréguliers. Cette hypothèse semble partiellement confirmée mais doit être confortée par des travaux ultérieurs.
Typologie de phrases pour l’étude de la langue et la négociation orthographique
Authors: Geoffre Thierry , Sautot Jean-Pierre
Published: August 2022

L’apprentissage de la morphographie du français à l’école primaire ne pose pas seulement la question des techniques employées par les élèves mais aussi celle de la double identification du contexte syntaxique et des chaines d’accord en préalable à la mobilisation de la ou des techniques adaptées à la phrase à traiter. Nous présentons les fondements d’un vaste corpus de phrases classées selon leur structure syntaxique et spécificités morphosyntaxiques (catégories et extensions des chaines d’accord présentes ; catégories grammaticales des mots), et par degré de scolarisation, pour penser une progression des problèmes d’études de la langue facilitant la négociation orthographique. Nous terminons en envisageant des pistes de transposition de ce corpus en situations didactiques.
Twictée : développement professionnel et effets identitaires dans un réseau connecté d’enseignants
Authors: Ferone Georges , Crinon Jacques
Published: August 2022

Les études antérieures indiquent que l’appartenance à une communauté en ligne d’enseignants favorise le développement professionnel et que les effets dépendent de l’intensité et de la nature de l’engagement des participants. Nous interrogeons seize membres très actifs de l’association Twictée et nous montrons que la participation à ce collectif a des effets revendiqués par les enseignants sur l’identité professionnelle et sur les pratiques mais que le modèle de co-formation par les pairs, revendiqué par l’association, n’est pas encore pleinement opératoire.
Nephrologische Versorgung in der freien Dialysepraxis
Authors: Weinreich Thomas
Published: August 2022

Die Versorgung chronisch nierenkranker Patient*innen mit und ohne Dialysetherapie erfolgt zu weiten Teilen ambulant. Die Versorgungslandschaft in Deutschland wird dabei, im Unterschied zu den meisten Ländern weltweit, von frei niedergelassenen Fachärzt*innen geprägt. Die Tätigkeit niedergelassener Ärzt*innen bietet wie in kaum einem anderen Setting die Möglichkeit, das Arbeitsumfeld unternehmerisch frei und eigenverantwortlich zu gestalten. Eine Herausforderung, aber auch eine Chance für eine motivierende, erfüllende berufliche Tätigkeit. Der Verband Deutsche Nierenzentren e. V. (DN e. V.) mit vielfältigen Angeboten rund um Ein- und Ausstieg in eine Praxis, Praxisorganisation und wirtschaftliches Management unterstützt seine Mitglieder und setzt sich berufspolitisch für die Belange der niedergelassenen Nephrolog*innen ein.
Neue KfH-Patientenbroschüre „Bluthochdruck erkennen. Nieren schützen.“
Authors: Brandt Claudia
Published: August 2022

„#entdeckergesucht – fast jeder Dritte weiß nichts von seiner Bluthochdruckerkrankung!“ – mit dieser Jahreskampagne 2022 der Deutschen Hochdruckliga e. V. zum Welt Hypertonie Tags am 17.05.2022 wurde auf die Wichtigkeit gesunder Blutdruckwerte aufmerksam gemacht. In der neuen Patientenbroschüre des KfH Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation e. V. werden hierzu Hintergrundwissen und praktische Tipps Interessierten und Betroffenen an die Hand gegeben.
Artificial intelligence-based diagnosis of abnormalities in small-bowel capsule endoscopy
Authors: Ding Zhen , Shi Huiying , Zhang Hang , Zhang Hao , Tian Shuxin , Zhang Kun , Cai Sicheng , Ming Fanhua , Xie Xiaoping , Liu Jun , Lin Rong
Published: August 2022

Background Further development of deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) technology to automatically diagnose multiple abnormalities in small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) videos is necessary. We aimed to develop an AI model, to compare its diagnostic performance with doctors of different experience levels, and to further evaluate its auxiliary role for doctors in diagnosing multiple abnormalities in SBCE videos.

Methods The AI model was trained using 280 426 images from 2565 patients, and the diagnostic performance was validated in 240 videos.

Results The sensitivity of the AI model for red spots, inflammation, blood content, vascular lesions, protruding lesions, parasites, diverticulum, and normal variants was 97.8 %, 96.1 %, 96.1 %, 94.7 %, 95.6 %, 100 %, 100 %, and 96.4 %, respectively. The specificity was 86.0 %, 75.3 %, 87.3 %, 77.8 %, 67.7 %, 97.5 %, 91.2 %, and 81.3 %, respectively. The accuracy was 95.0 %, 88.8 %, 89.2 %, 79.2 %, 80.8 %, 97.5 %, 91.3 %, and 93.3 %, respectively. For junior doctors, the assistance of the AI model increased the overall accuracy from 85.5 % to 97.9 % (P  < 0.001, Bonferroni corrected), comparable to that of experts (96.6 %, P > 0.0125, Bonferroni corrected).

Conclusions This well-trained AI diagnostic model automatically diagnosed multiple small-bowel abnormalities simultaneously based on video-level recognition, with potential as an excellent auxiliary system for less-experienced endoscopists.
Nrf2 Mediated Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation Contributes to Diabetic
Wound Healing – an Overview
Authors: Ramachandran Vadivelan , Mohanasundaram Tharani , Tiwari Ruchi , Tiwari Gaurav , Vijayakumar Putta , Bhongiri Bhargav , Xavier Rinu Mary
Published: August 2022

Diabetic wound healing is a complicated procedure because hyperglycemia changes
the various stages of wound healing. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),
oxidative stress is proven to be a critical factor in causing non-healing wounds
and aggravating the inflammatory phase, resulting in the amputation of lower
limbs in T2DM patients. This makes scientists figure out how to control
oxidative stress and chronic inflammation at the molecular level. Nuclear factor
erythroid 2- related factor 2 (Nrf2) releases antioxidant proteins to suppress
reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation and inflammation. The current review
discusses the role of Nrf2 in improving diabetic wound healing by reducing the
production of ROS and thus reducing oxidative stress, as well as inhibiting
nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) dissociation and nuclear translocation, which
prevents the release of inflammatory mediators and increases antioxidant protein
levels, thereby improving diabetic wound healing. As a result, the researcher
will be able to find a more effective diabetic wound healing therapy.
Effect of TheraBand Flex Bar versus Strengthening Exercise in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Kalai Biva Rani , Subramanian Sudhakar
Published: August 2022

Background Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is an exertion or sporting-connected aching condition of the extensor muscles of the forearm. The core warning signs are pain and soreness of the outside on the elbow and grip strength weakness. The investigation aims to differentiate the effect of TheraBand flex bar versus strengthening exercise on pain, grip strength, range of motion, and functional status.

Objectives To find the effects of TheraBand flex bar, strengthening exercise, and compare the effects of Thera band flex bar versus strengthening exercise on the elbow pain, handgrip strength, elbow and wrist range of motion, and functional disability status in lateral epicondylitis.

Design Quasi-experimental study.

Methods Thirty (30) patients with lateral epicondylitis were enrolled, both male and female, randomly assigned to control or 6-week training groups. They were subdivided into two groups. Subjects were pre-tested and post-tested using a hand-held dynamometer, the VAS, PRTEE Questionnaire Functional status, and goniometer.

Results The results showed a statistically significant difference between pre and post-treatment in the study batch. The results show that Batch-1 and Batch-2 were significantly improved with p-values of 0.000, 0.004, 0.000, 0.001, 0.001, 0.004 at p < 0.05.

Conclusion In this study, the TheraBand flex bar and the strengthening exercise for lateral epicondylitis effectively reduced pain, enlarged the functional status, and improved the range of function within 30 subjects with lateral epicondylitis. The study concluded that TheraBand flex bar in Batch-1 and strengthening exercise in Batch-2 significantly improved VAS, PRTEE, handgrip strength, and ROM. The study's outcome suggests that TheraBand flex bar and strengthening exercise of extensors muscles of the wrist can be productive for the treatment among lateral epicondylitis (LE) sufferers.
Electron heating in 2D: Combining Fermi–Ulam acceleration and magnetic-moment non-adiabaticity in a mirror-configuration plasma
Authors: Swanson C. P. S. , Galea C. A. , Cohen S. A.
Published: August 2022

We analyze a new mechanism for the creation and confinement of energetic electrons in a mirror-configuration plasma. A Fermi–Ulam-type process, driven by end-localized coherent electrostatic oscillations, provides axial acceleration, while a natural non-adiabaticity of μ provides phase decorrelation and energy isotropization. This novel 2D combination causes the electron energy distribution function, calculated with a diffusive-loss model, to assume a Maxwellian shape with the μ non-adiabaticity, reducing loss-cone escape and annulling the absolute-barrier energy-limiting Chirikov criterion of lower dimensional models. The theoretical predictions are compared with data from an experiment.
Characterizing protein–surface and protein–nanoparticle conjugates: Activity, binding, and structure
Authors: Correira Joshua M. , Handali Paul R. , Webb Lauren J.
Published: August 2022

Many sensors and catalysts composed of proteins immobilized on inorganic materials have been reported over the past few decades. Despite some examples of functional protein–surface and protein–nanoparticle conjugates, thorough characterization of the biological–abiological interface at the heart of these materials and devices is often overlooked in lieu of demonstrating acceptable system performance. This has resulted in a focus on generating functioning protein-based devices without a concerted effort to develop reliable tools necessary to measure the fundamental properties of the bio–abio interface, such as surface concentration, biomolecular structure, and activity. In this Perspective, we discuss current methods used to characterize these critical properties of devices that operate by integrating a protein into both flat surfaces and nanoparticle materials. We highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each method as they relate to understanding the function of the protein–surface interface and explore the manner in which an informed understanding of this complex interaction leads directly to the advancement of protein-based materials and technology.
The GW Approximation
Authors: Aryasetiawan Ferdi , Nilsson Fredrik
Published: August 2022

This chapter describes the theoretical framework underlying the GW approximation for the self-energy and the associated random-phase approximation for the linear density response function. After a summary of the success of the GWA in greatly improving the LDA quasiparticle bandgaps and dispersions, emphasis is then shifted to the fundamental difficulties of the GWA as a first-order perturbation theory in the screened interaction in dealing with long-range collective charge excitations (plasmons) and strongly correlated systems. Some examples are presented as illustrations and the difficulties are analyzed using simple models to illustrate the problems. Attempts to go beyond the GWA using diagrammatic techniques are described, leading to the inevitable conclusion that for strongly correlated systems, a new non-perturbative method is required.
Including them and all the rest
Authors: Velázquez-Lora Lihit Andrea
Published: August 2022

Introducing material that helps to develop intercultural competence in English class brings the opportunity to
reflect upon topics such as identity and representation. One way to do it is by introducing gender-neutral pronouns to our
practice. This topic becomes particularly relevant as students get the chance to develop their intercultural awareness. For some
students, the concept of gender-neutral pronouns, and what they imply, might be difficult to grasp, because they may not be fully
aware of what they are or how to use them. Learning about gender-neutral pronouns can lead students to question some previous
assumptions and creates a safe space in the classroom to talk about such topics. In this paper, I explore why working with these
pronouns can not only improve the students’ grammar skills, but also can help them boost their intercultural competence.
Furthermore, it is relevant for EFL students, but even more for future translators.
Towards an engaged linguistics
Authors: Konnelly Lex , Bjorkman Bronwyn M. , Airton Lee
Published: August 2022

The papers in this special issue address themes fromThey, Hirself, Em, and YOU 2019(THEY 2019), a conference that brought together researchers working on topics relating to nonbinary gender in language, particularly in pronouns. The papers collected in this special issue provide an overview of the current state of research and practice on nonbinary pronouns as they are currently used in English, as well as connecting the current practices in English to nonbinary pronouns in other languages. There are two sections. In the first section are five traditional academic articles on non-binary language and pronouns; the second section features three short technical articles that raise practical and/or pedagogical issues related to non-binary pronouns from a scholarly perspective. Authors in this volume investigate these topics not only for the advancement of linguistic scholarship, but also to make that scholarship visible to other fields and for broader advocacy.
Physarum cremiluteum
.
Authors: Cannon P.F. , Minter D.W.
Published: August 2022

A description is provided for
Physarum cremiluteum
. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Asia (Japan, Taiwan), Indian Ocean (Seychelles)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this organism and no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
Physarum luteolum
.
Authors: Cannon P.F. , Minter D.W.
Published: August 2022

A description is provided for
Physarum luteolum
. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Angola, Madagascar, Mozambique), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec), Mexico, USA (Arizona, California, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington DC, West Virginia, Wyoming)), South America (Argentina, Ecuador) Asia (China (Jilin, Fujian), India (Karnataka, Maharashtra), Israel, Japan, Russia (Primorskyi krai), Turkey, Australasia (Australia (Tasmania, Western Australia)) Europe (former Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain, UK), Indian Ocean (La Réunion), Seychelles). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this organism and no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
Catillaria stereocaulorum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F.
Published: August 2022

A description is provided for
Catillaria stereocaulorum
, which is parasitic on pseudopodetia and phyllocladia of a wide range of
Stereocaulon
species, but showing little or no damage to the host. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Tanzania, Greenland, Norway, Bhutan, Mongolia, Russia, Korea Republic, Portugal (Azores), Spain (Canary Islands), Austria, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Canada (British Columbia), USA (Alaska, Tennessee), Chile and Ecuador) and hosts (
Stereocaulon alpestre, S. alpinum, S. botryosum, S. condensatum, S. dactylophyllum, S. depressum, S. evolutum, S. glareosum, S. groenlandicum, S. grande, S. intermedium, S. paschale, S. pileatum, S. rivulorum, S. saxatile, S. saxorum, S. spathuliferum, S. subcoralloides, S. tennesseense, S. tomentosum, S. vesuvianum, S. vesuvianum
italic> var.
kilimandscharoense
and
Stereocaulon
sp.).
Puccinia calthicola
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F.
Published: August 2022

A description is provided for
Puccinia calthicola
parasitic on leaves of
Caltha palustris
. Some information on its taxonomy, morphology, associated organisms, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status are given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Japan, Mongolia, Russia (Far East), Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Republic of Karelia, Republic of Mordovia), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan), USA (Colorado, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Washington, Wisconsin) and Argentina) and hosts (
Caltha leptosepala, C. palustris, C. palustris
var.
barthei, C. palustris
var.
himalaica, C. palustris
var.
palustris, C. membranacea, C. palustris
var.
sibirica, C. sinogracilis
and
Caltha
sp.).
Puccinia pulverulenta
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F.
Published: August 2022

A description is provided for
Puccinia pulverulenta
, which is parasitic on leaves of
Epilobium hirsutum
. Some information on its taxonomy, morphology, associated organisms, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status are given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Morocco, Afghanistan, China (Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region), Republic of Georgia, India (Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand), Iran, Israel, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Russia (Kamchatka Oblast, Magadan Oblast, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), Turkey, Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria), New Zealand, American Virgin Islands, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Kursk Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Dagestan, Stavropol Krai), Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Saskatchewan), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wyoming), Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Sao Paulo), Chile, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) and hosts (members of the Onagraceae, primarily species of
Epilobium
).
Melon yellow spot orthotospovirus. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: August 2022

A new distribution map is provided for Melon yellow spot orthotospovirus. Bunyavirales: Tospoviridae: Orthotospovirus. Hosts: Cucurbitaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Taiwan, Thailand), South America (Ecuador).
Duponchelia fovealis
Zeller. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: August 2022

A new distribution map is provided for
Duponchelia fovealis
Zeller. Lepidoptera: Crambidae. Hosts: polyphagous, especially of protected crops such as strawberry (
Fragaria
×
ananassa
). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Algeria, Botswana, Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eswatini, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Reunion, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Western Sahara, Zimbabwe), Asia (Iraq, Israel, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen), Europe (Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Corsica, Germany, Greece, Crete, Hungary, Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Madeira, Slovenia, Spain, Canary Islands, Sweden, United Kingdom), North America (Canada, Ontario, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, Washington), South America (Brazil, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná).
Porous amorphous nitinol synthesized by argon injection: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Tsygankov A A , Galimzyanov B N , Mokshin A V
Published: August 2022

Porous crystalline nitinol is widely applied in various fields of science and technology due to the unique combination of physical and mechanical properties as well as biocompatibility. Porous amorphous nitinol is characterized by improved mechanical properties compared to its crystalline analogues. Moreover, this material is more promising from the point of view of fundamental study and practical application. The production of porous amorphous nitinol is a difficult task requiring rapid cooling protocol and optimal conditions to form a stable porous structure. In the present work, based on the results of molecular dynamics simulations, we show that porous nitinol with the amorphous matrix can be obtained by injection of argon into a liquid melt followed by rapid cooling of the resulting mixture. We find that the porosity of the system increases exponentially with increasing fraction of injected argon. It has been established that the system should contain about

∼

18
%

–23% argon for obtain an open porous structure, while the system is destroyed by overheated inert gas when the argon fraction is more than

∼

23

%. It is shown that the method of argon injection makes it possible to obtain a highly porous system with the porosity

∼

70

% consisting the spongy porous structure similar to aerogels and metallic foams.
Dynamical chemistry: non-equilibrium effective actions for reactive fluids
Authors: Landry Michael J
Published: August 2022

We present two approaches for describing chemical reactions taking place in fluid phase. The first method mirrors the usual derivation of the hydrodynamic equations of motion by relating conserved—or to account for chemical reactions, non-conserved—currents to local-equilibrium parameters. The second method involves a higher-brow approach in which we attack the same problem from the perspective of non-equilibrium effective field theory (EFT). Non-equilibrium effective actions are defined using the in–in formalism on the Schwinger–Keldysh contour and are therefore capable of describing thermal fluctuations and dissipation as well as quantum effects. The non-equilibrium EFT approach is especially powerful as all terms in the action are fully specified by the symmetries of the system; in particular the second law of thermodynamics does not need to be included by hand, but is instead derived from the action itself. We find that the equations of motion generated by both methods agree, but the EFT approach yields certain advantages. To demonstrate some of these advantages we construct a quadratic action that is valid to very small distance scales—much smaller than the scales at which ordinary hydrodynamic theories break down. Such an action captures the full thermodynamic and quantum behavior of reactions and diffusion at quadratic order. Finally, taking the low-frequency and low-wavenumber limit, we reproduce the linearized version of the well-known reaction–diffusion equations as a final coherence check.
Numerical Forecasting of Wind-Waves for Singapore Region
Authors: Chow Jeng Hei , Sasmal Kaushik , Tkalich Pavel
Published: August 2022

A numerical wave model has been set up and tuned for the Singapore region extending to the parts of the South-China Sea and Malacca Strait. The MIKE 21 spectral wave model was set up using ERA5/ECMWF wind and waves reanalysis data to compute the phase-averaged significant wave heights. The outputs of the calibrated model validates well with the ECMWF data within the domain. The model increases the resolution of available wave data in narrow channelled regions like in the Singapore Straits. When supplied with the wind forecast data the resulting model allows for high resolution forecasting of phase-averaged wave spectra in the Singapore region. The study enables setting up of a wind-wave forecast dissemination framework on a visualization and data-sharing platform or the maritime community.
AI-Based Situation Awareness Assessment
Authors: Kwok Kenneth , Virdi SS
Published: August 2022

Navigational Safety in maritime operations is a high priority issue. In a recent collaboration between IHPC and SP, an AI-based Behaviour Competency Assessment Tool prototype was developed to aid instructors in assessing soft-skill competencies of watchkeepers conducting navigation, and a proof-of-concept demonstration was performed for Situational Awareness at SP’s Singapore Maritime Academy (SMA) training simulator. Use of our tool can help remove human bias by providing detailed behaviour-specific analysis to aid instructors in making their assessments.
Development of the Comprehensive Simulation System for Autonomous Ships
Authors: Minami M , Kobayashi M , Hikida K , Kokubun K
Published: August 2022

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in autonomous ships, and efforts to realize autonomous ships are underway in Japan. Automated and unmanned ships are expected to improve safety by reducing accidents caused by human with the supports by the automated system. On the other hand, it is necessary to demonstrate that the autonomous ships are safely operated to implement the autonomous ships in society. The National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI) has been studying the evaluation method of safety of the autonomous ships and developing a simulation system as a tool for the evaluation. This paper introduces a comprehensive simulation system including a ship handling simulator, and the evaluation method using the simulation system.
Levels of autonomy for ships
Authors: Rødseth Ørnulf Jan , Wennersberg Lars Andreas Lien , Nordahl Håvard
Published: August 2022

This paper gives a summary of previously published papers on the definition of autonomy for ships, how this relates to different crewing regimes, and the terminology to be used. A conclusion is that autonomy should be retained as a descriptive term, but that we should distinguish between “full autonomy” and “constrained autonomy”, where the latter is the more relevant term for ships today. The proposed classification of autonomy is related to both degree of automation and degree of human control and will be presented as a matrix with generic classes of autonomy. This matrix is also transformed to a set of more practically useful levels of autonomy based on likely organization of crew on land or on the ship. The paper has mainly been written based on our work with maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) but is also applicable to other types of surface vessels, e.g. inland waterway vessels.
The importance of documenting autonomous tests
Authors: Bellingmo Pauline Røstum , Fjørtoft Kay , Jørgensen Ulrik , Kvam Per Erik , Bratbergsengen Inger Lill , Gisbert Jose Vicente Perello
Published: August 2022

This paper presents how autonomous tests can be documented and why this is important. A test area in Norway, more specifically the Trondheimsfjorden Test Area for Autonomous Ships, is used as a pilot to conduct tests with autonomous vessels and for demonstrating the procedure of documenting results. There are typically three stages in such a documentation process; 1) To register and inform about a planned test on the fjord, 2) To inform about ongoing tests and to document test results by collecting data from the vessel and from the sensor infrastructure, 3) To show historical tests and be able to do analytics or conduct learning from previous tests. The Trondheimsfjorden Test Area has been instrumented with communication and navigation infrastructure, a control centre for control and monitor of the install infrastructure and for remote operation of a ship, and a data centre for planning autonomous tests, storing data, and for sharing of test results. By documenting test results in a standardized format, this can be used to verify new technology and solutions, share knowledge and experiences, and for documentation procedures and guidelines used for the purpose. A demonstration held in The Trondheimsfjorden Test Area showed the importance of streamlining the process of conducting autonomous test and documenting them in a standardized format. This work is based on the results from the research project NAVISP-EL3-005 “Trondheimsfjorden Test Area for Autonomous Ships”. The Navigation Innovation and Support Programme (NAVISP) is the programme of the European Space Agency to support the competitiveness of the European industry in the wide field of positioning, navigation and timing while supporting member states in enhancing national objectives and capabilities in the sector.
Development of an advanced, efficient and green intermodal system with autonomous inland and short sea shipping - AEGIS
Authors: Krause S , Wurzler L , Mørkrid O E , Fjørtoft K , Psaraftis H N , Vilanova M R , Zis T , Coelho N F , van Tatenhove J , Raakjær J , Kloch K , Billesø M B , Kristiansen J N
Published: August 2022

The European maritime transport policy recognizes the importance of the waterborne transport systems as key elements for sustainable growth in Europe. A major goal is to transfer more than 50% of road transport to rail or waterways within 2050. To meet this challenge waterway transport needs to get more attractive and overcome its disadvantages. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new knowledge and technology and find a completely new approach to short sea and inland waterways shipping. A key element in this is automation of ships, ports and administrative tasks aligned to requirements of different European regions. One main goal in the AEGIS project is to increase the efficiency of the waterways transport with the use of higher degrees of automation corresponding with new and smaller ship types to reduce costs and secure higher frequency by feeders and provide multimodal green logistics solutions combining short sea shipping with rail and road transport.
Intelligent Operator Support Concepts for Shore Control Centres
Authors: van den Broek H. , van der Waa J.
Published: August 2022

This paper introduces three intelligent operator support functions to allow multiple operators to effectively and efficiently supervise multiple autonomous operations. The many-to-many concept assumes a stage in human-automation collaboration design where supervision of maritime autonomous surface ships is not permanently required anymore. Only in extreme and very rare situations the human may need to intervene. One of the challenges is balancing the task assignments and support functions over the operators to ensure the cognitive task load matches the operator’s mental capacity. For this purpose we introduce and described a dynamic task allocation algorithm. Also, human attention is limited and operators therefore must constantly shift attention resulting in moment-to-moment fluctuations in situation awareness. To overcome these reductions in situation awareness, operators must reassess the environment to recover situation awareness. We introduce the concept of continuous risk assessment to initiate the process of situation awareness recovery. Furthermore, the many-to-many ratio between supervising operators and autonomous ships implies that operators will not be able to supervise all ships in parallel. This makes current supervisory control interfaces less suitable. Instead we opt to apply the idea of progressive disclosure in the operator’s interface and interactions. The work described in this paper is directed towards developing an intelligent operator support system with which the operator support functions will be demonstrated as part of a Robotic Container Handling System, an innovation of the European MOSES research project.
Preface
Authors: Dai Wanyang
Published: August 2022

Since its inception in 2018, ICPMS (International Conference on Physics, Mathematics and Statistics) were successfully held for the last five years, Shanghai (2018), Hangzhou (2019), and online (2020, 2021, 2022), attracted delegates from more than 10 countries and regions including China, Thailand, Japan, the United States, South Korea. As an annual international conference, ICPMS aims at being a fast and efficient platform for researchers and scholars worldwide to discuss recent developments in the area of Physics, Mathematics and Statistics.

The Fifth International Conference on Physics, Mathematics and Statistics (ICPMS2022) was successfully held on May 21-22, 2022. Under the effect of COVID-19, the conference was chosen to be online, which gave everyone access to attend. This year the online meeting was composed of three sessions: Keynote Speeches, Oral Presentations and Poster Presentations, attracted about 50 delegates from all over the world. Details about the presentations can be found in the Conference Overview part.

This conference proceedings included 33 accepted articles selected from 71 submissions, all the papers have been through rigorous review and process to meet the requirements of International publication standard. We would like to express our gratitude to the reviewers of these manuscripts, who provided constructive criticism and stimulated comments and suggestions to the authors. We are extremely grateful as organizers, technical program committee and editors and extend our most sincere thanks to all the authors for their excellent contribution and work. Our sincere gratitude also goes to the IOP Publishing editors and managers for their helpful cooperation during the preparation of the proceedings.

On behalf of the Organizing Committees of ICPMS2022.

List of Technical Program Committee, Conference Overview, Conference Schedule, Keynote Speeches, Oral Presentations, Poster Presentations and Closing Ceremony are available in this pdf.
Study on aerodynamic characteristics of flying wing knapsack inlet duct
Authors: Ma Shang , Tao Yang , Wu Junqiang , Xiong Neng , Da Xingya
Published: August 2022

Based on the extended shape of the existing flying wing standard model with small aspect ratio, this paper studies the flow field characteristics around the model at different angles of attack and the flow field characteristics of the knapsack dual release inlet when the Mach number is equal to 1.8. The pressure coefficient distribution, velocity distribution and eddy characteristics of typical states are illustrated. The results show that the lip of the knapsack inlet has a significant effect on the flow characteristics of the back and abdomen of the model. After passing through the inlet lip and the S-shaped bend in the front section, the internal pressure distribution of the inlet is relatively uniform, there are obvious vortices in the inlet, the core flow near the tail nozzle flows smoothly, and the strong vortices are only near the wall.
An analytical method for the spherical stress wave equation in linear hardening materials
Authors: Wang Zhihuan , Tian Zhou , Wang Shufei , Chen Feng , He Zeng , Jia Leiming
Published: August 2022

An analytical method for the spherical stress wave equation in linear hardening materials under impact loading is given in this paper. In this method, the elastic, unloading and plastically loading wave equations are solved, separately. In the elastic region, the solutions under different wave velocity ratio conditions are given. In the unloading region and the plastically loading region, the general solutions of the equations are given and the ordinary differential equations of the arbitrary functions are obtained. And then the exact solutions of the equations are given. The stress contour diagrams in the medium under typical loading conditions are given by the analytical method. The correctness of the analytical method is verified by comparing with the numerical results. On the stress contour diagrams, the discontinuities of the analytical results are clearer than that of the numerical results. A parametric study is conducted to show the effects of the parameters on the behaviour of stress distributions. This method can be useful for the rapid calculation of the elastic-plastic spherical stress waves in engineering and the theoretical analysing and law studying of the elastic-plastic spherical stress wave researches.
Simulation of gradient floating field limiting rings for 4H-SiC power devices
Authors: Gao Xiuxiu , Dai Xiaoping
Published: August 2022

In order to have higher breakdown voltage (BV) for 4H-SiC power devices, a novel edge termination structure with gradient floating field limiting rings (FFLR) is proposed. The device blocking performance between conventional FFLR and proposed structures are compared by 2-D numerical device simulation. The BV can be increased by 10% and 20% of parallel plane breakdown voltage with the same P-well and epitaxial parameters when step is 0.2μm and 0.4μm.
Exact calculation of the elastic antiferromagnetic Ising model under static external force on Husimi lattice
Authors: Ning Xinyi , Tang Lisheng , He Xiaoyan , Huang Ran , Ma Xin
Published: August 2022

We investigate an elastic Ising model with a modified Lennard-Jones potential on the Husimi recursive lattice, where the model can be solved exactly. An external force field to either stretch and press the lattice is applied to approach the elasticity in Ising model in a static way. As expected, both stretching and compressing induce less stability with lower T
c, nevertheless due to the asymmetric feature of the LJ well, trivial but realistic destabilization is observed in the stretch case implying the drawing crystallization, and interesting phenomenon of supercooled state and Kauzmann Paradox addressed by zero entropy at finite temperature is observed in the compression case on the left side of the LJ potential well.
A novel dynamic mechanical analysis device to measure the in-vivo material properties of plantar soft tissue and primary finite elementary analysis results
Authors: Wu Longyan , Zhu Jun , Zheng Jun , Geng Xiang , He Xiaoyan , Tang Lisheng , Huang Ran , Ma Xin
Published: August 2022

We have designed a series of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)-like device to directly measure the material properties of living human plantar soft tissue. Various mechanical tests of plantar soft tissue such as vertical, horizontal shear and torsion can be carried out on the newly invented instruments, and periodic strain-stress outputs are obtained to analyse the viscoelasticity of the tissue. Pioneering finite element analysis has been done by coupling the machine and human foot FE model from different simulation environments, and the simulation tests show good engineering verification of the device design, and consistent theoretical results of the material properties of plantar soft tissue as expected.
A reliability estimation method for spring group balanced system at different degradation temperatures
Authors: Ji Haodi , Ma Xiaobing , Wang Yanyan
Published: August 2022

The failure process of a balanced system consisting of several independent springs with the same structure is more complicated than that of a single spring. The balanced system of spring group should not only satisfy that the performance of all springs in the spring group is greater than the failure threshold, but also ensure that the performance difference between springs is not big. In this paper, the degradation parameters of spring compression ratio related to ambient temperature are estimated and the degradation parameters of other temperatures are extrapolated by Arrhenius model. Then the joint probability density function of the maximum and minimum order statistics of the spring compression ratio is used to estimate the reliability of the spring group balanced system at different degradation ambient temperatures. The results show that the Arrhenius model is effective in fitting the parameters of spring degenerate drift. The model established in this paper realizes the reliability evaluation of the spring balance system at different temperatures.
Improvement of impact wear properties of seat insert by laser cladding cobalt-based alloy
Authors: Qu Shengguan , Ma Xiaoyue , Duan Chenfeng , Hu Xiongfeng , Li Jianhua , Li Xiaoqiang , Sun Ge
Published: August 2022

The impact wear properties of two different contact pairs, N80A valve-cast iron seat insert (cast iron group) and N80A valve-clad seat insert (cladding group), were studied in this work. In this paper, an independently designed tribo-tester combined with a depth gauge and corresponding auxiliary devices can record the axial subsidence of the contact pairs during the entire worn process. The results showed that during the 5 × 106 impact test, cast iron groups and cladding groups followed the worn process curve, and all went through the running-in stage and the stable worn stage. However, at each stage, the subsidence of cladding groups was smaller than that of cast iron groups. The roughness meter not only recorded the roughness of all samples before and after the test, but also can obtain the respective subsidence of the samples through the difference between the profiles before and after the test. The results can be mutually corroborated with the axial subsidence measured by the depth gauge. As a result, the roughness of the sealing surfaces of all valve-seat inserts increased significantly after the impact test. The total worn subsidence of the cast iron groups was about 1.61 times that of the cladding groups. The worn morphology was further studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The cast iron group mainly experienced serious adhesive wear and oxidation wear, while the cladding group mainly experienced fatigue wear, oxidative wear and abrasive wear.
The Tribological Properties of Micro-textured AlCrN Coated Cemented Carbide
Authors: Yang Shucai , Han Pei , Tong Xin
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the results of tests undertaken to examine the surface friction characteristics of cemented carbide when enhanced with a textured coating. A platform was built to analyze the sensitivity of different micro-texture and coating parameters on the friction and wear behavior of AlCrN coated cemented carbide, with the goal of revealing the friction and wear mechanisms associated with such surfaces. The results show that the selection of appropriate parameters can suppress vibration and reduce friction, with the time until failure of micro-textured AlCrN coated cemented carbide surfaces being 20–25 min. The main factors affecting the vibration and friction are the coating thickness, the interaction between various micro-texture preparation parameters, and the micro-pit diameter. When the coating is treated by a laser, the thinner the coating, the greater the surface hardness and the smaller the changes in the film/substrate bonding force. Changes in laser power, scanning speed and scanning times all affect the energy received per unit area of the material’s surface, affecting the target diameter and micro-texture quality. The kind of surface wear experienced by micro-textured AlCrN coated cemented carbide is mainly adhesive wear, accompanied by oxidative wear. Taking vibration, friction force and degree of wear degree as evaluation criteria, the optimal parameters are: a coating thickness of 1.2 μm; a laser power of 45W; a scanning speed of 1500–1700 mm s−1; 7–8 scans; a micro-pit diameter of 40–60 μm; and a distance of 150 μm between the micro-pits.
Collective dynamics in plasmas—II. Some basic fluid modes
Authors: Bers Abraham
Published: August 2022

This chapter continues the discussion of collective dynamics in plasmas by exploring linear collective modes, as well as some of their nonlinear couplings. The modes are derived from simplified one-dimensional (one-d), reduced hydrodynamic models of plasma dynamics. In particular, the single-fluid MHD model and the two- (or multi-) fluid cold-plasma or plasma with isotropic thermal pressures models are examined here. The simplest collective modes are derived from wave equations that arise from the self-consistent field (SCF) equations of the particular plasma dynamics model in conjunction with the appropriate set of Maxwell field equations. Generally, the dynamics of plasmas is nonlinear, and the study of physically-confined plasmas must include effects of spatial inhomogeneity and boundedness of their equilibria. Some simple aspects of nonlinearity and inhomogeneity can usefully be described in terms of coupling of linear natural modes. The chapter aims at introducing descriptions of the simplest linear natural modes exhibited by hydrodynamic models of plasma dynamics.
Nonlinear dynamics and chaos in plasmas
Authors: Bers Abraham
Published: August 2022

This chapter continues the discussion of nonlinear dynamics in plasmas by exploring nonlinear particle interactions with coherent waves, including soliton wave-wave interactions (WWI) and chaotic dynamics. It turns to results from computational physics which draws from examples developed for, and carried over from, solved problems in nonlinear physics and engineering of the past and present. These results are helpful in understanding solitons and deterministic chaos. The study here can be separated in two major parts, with the first part giving the treatment of a variety of simple models, each accounting for specific nonlinear plasma manifestations in both wave-particle interactions (WPI) and WWI. Also included is an analysis of nonlaminarity in boundary dynamics and a general and detailed derivation of the Manley–Rowe relations. The second part addresses two specific nonlinear evolutions in plasmas—solitons in nonlinear waves and WWI, and deterministic chaos in WPI.
Kinetic theory of collisions and transport—II. Weakly-ionized plasmas
Authors: Bers Abraham
Published: August 2022

This chapter turns to weakly-ionized plasmas. It describes electron-neutral collisions and some of the resulting transport in applied EM fields. The simplified Lorentz model/operator, and the solution of the electron distribution function using an expansion in spherical harmonics analyzed here allows for rigorously defining various relaxation frequencies that were introduced in earlier chapters in an ad-hoc manner. The chapter then pays attention on finding the electrical conductivity in a weakly-ionized plasma in applied EM fields, and addresses diffusion and thermal conductivity and the important case of “intermediate plasmas.” The results of this chapter should be useful, notably in the following domains of study: gas discharges at low power; ionosphere up to an altitude of about 250 km; and dense and not too hot plasmas such as flames and magnetohydrodynamic energy converters.