bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β) as potent therapeutic strategy to ameliorates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-OHDA parkinsonian rats
Authors: Xie Cheng-long , Lin Jing-Ya , Wang Mei-Hua , Zhang Yu , Zhang Su-fang , Wang Xi-Jin , Liu Zhen-Guo
Published: March 2016

Levodopa (L-dopa) is the dominating therapy drug for exogenous dopaminergic substitution and can alleviate most of the manifestations of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but long-term therapy is associated with the emergence of L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Evidence points towards an involvement of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in development of LID. In the present study, we found that animals rendered dyskinetic by L-dopa treatment, administration of TDZD8 (2mg/kg) obviously prevented the severity of AIM score, as well as improvement in motor function (P < 0.05). Moreover, the TDZD8-induced reduction in dyskinetic behavior correlated with a reduction in molecular correlates of LID. TDZD8 reduced the phosphorylation levels of tau, DARPP32, ERK and PKA protein, which represent molecular markers of LID, as well as reduced L-dopa-induced FosB mRNA and PPEB mRNA levels in the lesioned striatum. In addition, we found that TDZD8 antidyskinetic properties were overcome by D1 receptor, as pretreatment with SKF38393 (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, reapectively), a D1 receptor agonist, blocked TDZD8 antidyskinetic actions. This study supported the hypothesis that GSK-3β played an important role in the development and expression of LID. Inhibition of GSK-3β with TDZD8 reduced the development of ALO AIM score and associated molecular changes in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats.
Metagenomic analysis of bloodstream infections in patients with acute leukemia and therapy-induced neutropenia
Authors: Gyarmati P. , Kjellander C. , Aust C. , Song Y. , Öhrmalm L. , Giske C. G.
Published: March 2016

Leukemic patients are often immunocompromised due to underlying conditions, comorbidities and the effects of chemotherapy and thus at risk for developing systemic infections. Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a severe complication in neutropenic patients and is associated with increased mortality. BSI is routinely diagnosed with blood culture, which only detects culturable pathogens. We analyzed 27 blood samples from 9 patients with acute leukemia and suspected BSI at different time points of their antimicrobial treatment using shotgun metagenomics sequencing in order to detect unculturable and non-bacterial pathogens. Our findings confirm the presence of bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens alongside antimicrobial resistance genes. Decreased white blood cell (WBC) counts were associated with the presence of microbial DNA and was inversely proportional to the number of sequencing reads. This study could indicate the use of high-throughput sequencing for personalized antimicrobial treatments in BSIs.
Excessive daytime sleepiness and antipathogen drug consumption in the elderly: a test of the immune theory of sleep
Authors: Berticat Claire , Thomas Frédéric , Dauvilliers Yves , Jaussent Isabelle , Ritchie Karen , Helmer Catherine , Tzourio Christophe , Raymond Michel , Artero Sylvaine
Published: March 2016

The evolutionary reasons for sleep remain controversial. The immune theory of sleep suggests that sleep is essential to the immune system, allowing organisms to allocate more energy to their immunity. This hypothesis was tested by exploring the links between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and vulnerability to infectious diseases in a large (n = 9294) cohort of elderly individuals, with information on socio-demographics, daily habits, and medical characteristics. At the two-year and four-year follow-ups, we obtained individual data from the national healthcare insurance about all medications prescribed to the participants between 2001 and 2003 (n = 2865). We found an independent positive association between EDS and the consumption of some anti-pathogen drugs. This relationship was mostly explained by fungal and parasitic infections rather than by viral and bacterial ones. These results, although based on correlations, are consistent with the idea that EDS as a proxy of altered sleep quality/quantity may affect the efficiency of the immune system, and hence vulnerability to infections.
Rational design of multifunctional small-molecule prodrugs for simultaneous suppression of cancer cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Xie Haiyang , Xu Xiao , Chen Jianmei , Li Lingling , Wang Jianguo , Fang Tao , Zhou Lin , Wang Hangxiang , Zheng Shusen
Published: March 2016

Novel “integrative” prodrug platforms that simultaneously induce apoptosis and suppress cancer cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo are rationally devised.
Analysis of transition state stabilization by non-covalent interactions in the Houk–List model of organocatalyzed intermolecular Aldol additions using functional-group symmetry-adapted perturbation theory
Authors: Bakr Brandon W. , Sherrill C. David
Published: March 2016

Rational design of catalysts would be aided by a better understanding of how non-covalent interactions stabilize transition states.
Picosecond infrared laser-induced all-atom nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of dissociation of viruses
Authors: Hoang Man Viet , Van-Oanh Nguyen-Thi , Derreumaux Philippe , Li Mai Suan , Roland Christopher , Sagui Celeste , Nguyen Phuong H.
Published: March 2016

Laser-induced all-atom nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of virus dissociation.
Structural transformation during Li/Na insertion and theoretical cyclic voltammetry of the δ-NH4V4O10 electrode: a first-principles study
Authors: Sarkar Tanmay , Kumar Parveen , Bharadwaj Mridula Dixit , Waghmare Umesh
Published: March 2016

A double layer δ-NH4V4O10, due to its high energy storage capacity and excellent rate capability, is a very promising cathode material for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries for large-scale renewable energy storage in transportation and smart grids.
Clinical instrumentation and applications of Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Pence Isaac , Mahadevan-Jansen Anita
Published: March 2016

Clinical diagnostic devices based on Raman spectroscopy provide new sources of information that give insight about the state of health which can then be used to manage patient care.
Fundamental developments in infrared spectroscopic imaging for biomedical applications
Authors: Pilling Michael , Gardner Peter
Published: March 2016

This review covers the rapidly emerging field of infrared chemical imaging focussing on new advances in instrumentation and data acquisition.
Enhancing the hydrogen transfer catalytic activity of hybrid carbon nanotube-based NHC–iridium catalysts by increasing the oxidation degree of the nanosupport
Authors: Blanco Matías , Álvarez Patricia , Blanco Clara , Jiménez M. Victoria , Pérez-Torrente Jesús J. , Oro Luis A. , Blasco Javier , Cuartero Vera , Menéndez Rosa
Published: March 2016

Oxidation of the support increase the HT catalytic activity.
Synthesis of oxime-based CO-releasing molecules, CORMs and their immobilization on maghemite nanoparticles for magnetic-field induced CO release
Authors: Meyer Hajo , Brenner Markus , Höfert Simon-P. , Knedel Tim-O. , Kunz Peter C. , Schmidt Annette M. , Hamacher Alexandra , Kassack Matthias U. , Janiak Christoph
Published: March 2016

Labile and intensely colored CORMs are stabilized in alginate–dextran composites.
Synthesis of mesoporous-silica-coated Gd2O3:Eu@silica particles as cell imaging and drug delivery agents
Authors: Song Weiye , Di Weihua , Qin Weiping
Published: March 2016

Luminescent lanthanide-based nanoparticles coated with mesoporous silica can be potentially used for cell imaging and drug delivery.
Systems biology analysis of hepatitis C virus infection reveals the role of copy number increases in regions of chromosome 1q in hepatocellular carcinoma metabolism
Authors: Elsemman Ibrahim E. , Mardinoglu Adil , Shoaie Saeed , Soliman Taysir H. , Nielsen Jens
Published: March 2016

We reconstructed hepatitis C virus assembly reactions to find host-target metabolites impeding this reaction.
A water-soluble hybrid[4]arene: synthesis, host–guest complexation and application in the construction of a supra-amphiphile
Authors: Hua Bin , Shao Li , Zhou Jiong , Yu Guocan
Published: March 2016

A water-soluble hybrid[4]arene was synthesized for the first time and its pH-responsive host–guest complexation with paraquat in water was investigated. This new host–guest recognition motif was further applied in the construction of a supra-amphiphile.
Exploring the critical dependence of the adsorption of various dyes on the degradation rate using a ferrihydrite surface under visible light
Authors: Liu Shan , Ni Chunyan , Su Hui , Liu Hui , Chen Rufen , Li Ping , Wei Yu
Published: March 2016

The strength of the affinity between dyes and ferrihydrite has an important influence on their degradation rate in a Fenton-like system.
Improvement of mechanical performance of solution styrene butadiene rubber by controlling the concentration and the size of in situ derived sol–gel silica particles
Authors: Raman V. Sankar , Das A. , Stöckelhuber K. W. , Eshwaran S. B. , Chanda J. , Malanin M. , Reuter U. , Leuteritz A. , Boldt R. , Wießner S. , Heinrich G.
Published: March 2016

The silica particles generated from alkoxide route are grown onto the styrene butadiene polymer chains and offer a direct rubber to filler interaction. As a result, superior mechanical performance of the elastomeric composites can be realised.
In Situ formation of pH-/thermo-sensitive nanohybrids via friendly-assembly of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) onto LAPONITE®
Authors: Wang Jin'e , Wang Guoying , Sun Yi , Wang Yifeng , Yang Yang , Yuan Yuan , Li Yulin , Liu Changsheng
Published: March 2016

Decoration of silicate nanodisks with a pH-sensitive polymer allows for the effective delivery of an anticancer drug in cancer cells with high efficacy.
HSAF-induced antifungal effects in Candida albicans through ROS-mediated apoptosis
Authors: Ding Yanjiao , Li Zhenyu , Li Yaoyao , Lu Chunhua , Wang Haoxin , Shen Yuemao , Du Liangcheng
Published: March 2016

HSAF, a potent antifungal agent, induced the apoptosis of Candida albicans through reactive oxygen species production. The binding model of HSAF to β-tubulin was simulated by Amber 12 and shown by PyMoL.
Targeting CD44, ABCG2 and CD133 markers using aptamers: in silico analysis of CD133 extracellular domain 2 and its aptamer
Authors: Subramanian Nithya , Akilandeswari Balachandran , Bhutra Anjali , Alameen Mohamed , Vetrivel Umashankar , Khetan Vikas , Kanwar Rupinder K. , Kanwar Jagat R. , Krishnakumar Subramanian
Published: March 2016

Truncated CSC marker aptamers penetrate tumor spheres and inhibits cell proliferation; a bioinformatics approach to decipher their structural interactions.
Inexpensive colloidal SnSb nanoalloys as efficient anode materials for lithium- and sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Walter Marc , Doswald Simon , Kovalenko Maksym V.
Published: March 2016

The quest for higher energy densities of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and emerging sodium-ion analogues (SIBs) has motivated an intense research effort toward novel electrode materials.
Enhanced energy transfer in Nd3+/Cr3+ co-doped Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 phosphors with near-infrared and long-lasting luminescence properties
Authors: Lin Huihong , Yu Ting , Bai Gongxun , Tsang Ming-Kiu , Zhang Qinyuan , Hao Jianhua
Published: March 2016

The phosphors of Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 (CGGG) co-doped with Nd3+ and Cr3+ ions were synthesized using conventional solid-state reaction techniques.
A comparative study of lysosome-targetable pH probes based on phenoxazinium attached with aliphatic and aromatic amines
Authors: Wang Xiu-Li , Li Xiao-Jun , Sun Ru , Xu Yu-Jie , Ge Jian-Feng
Published: March 2016

Phenoxazinium was used as a fluorophore for the design of pH probes by the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism.
PIM-1 mixed matrix membranes for gas separations using cost-effective hypercrosslinked nanoparticle fillers
Authors: Mitra Tamoghna , Bhavsar Rupesh S. , Adams Dave J. , Budd Peter M. , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: March 2016

Addition of a cheap, nanoparticulate, hypercrosslinked polymer “sponge” to the high-free-volume glassy polymer PIM-1 gives mixed matrix membranes with enhanced permeability and improved aging behaviour.
Tuning band alignment by CdS layers using a SILAR method to enhance TiO2/CdS/CdSe quantum-dot solar-cell performance
Authors: Zhang Bingkai , Zheng Jiaxin , Li Xiaoning , Fang Yanyan , Wang Lin-Wang , Lin Yuan , Pan Feng
Published: March 2016

Tuning band alignment by optimized CdS layers using SILAR can achieve the best performance of TiO2/CdS/CdSe QDSSCs.The tuning mechanism originates from the interface dipole induced by bond interaction and CdS structure distortion induced by lattice mismatch.
Thermal stability of photoluminescence in Cu-doped Zn–In–S quantum dots for light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yuan Xi , Ma Ruixin , Hua Jie , Liu Yang , Li Ji , Zhang Wenjin , Zhao Jialong , Li Haibo
Published: March 2016

Recombination between the donor–acceptor pair and/or between the host conduction band and the Cu ion state contributes to the emission of Cu:Zn–In–S QDs.
Saturn-like charge-transfer complexes Li4&B36, Li5&B36+, and Li6&B362+: exohedral metalloborospherenes with a perfect cage-like B364−core
Authors: Tian Wen-Juan , Chen Qiang , Li Hai-Ru , Yan Miao , Mu Yue-Wen , Lu Hai-Gang , Zhai Hua-Jin , Li Si-Dian
Published: March 2016

We present a first-principles theory prediction of the Saturn-like Li4&B36, Li5&B36+, and Li6&B362+which extend the Bnq(q=n− 40) borospherene family fromn= 38–42 ton= 36.
Hunting for hydrogen: random structure searching and prediction of NMR parameters of hydrous wadsleyite
Authors: Moran Robert F. , McKay David , Pickard Chris J. , Berry Andrew J. , Griffin John M. , Ashbrook Sharon E.
Published: March 2016

Ab initiorandom structure searching is employed to generate candidate structures of hydrous wadsleyite, predicting NMR parameters for experimental comparison.
The mechanism of enantioselective ketone reduction with Noyori and Noyori–Ikariya bifunctional catalysts
Authors: Dub Pavel A. , Gordon John C.
Published: March 2016

The present article describes the current level of understanding of the mechanism of enantioselective hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones with pioneering prototypes of bifunctional catalysts, the Noyori and Noyori–Ikariya complexes.
A 3D printed microfluidic device for production of functionalized hydrogel microcapsules for culture and differentiation of human Neuronal Stem Cells (hNSC)
Authors: Alessandri Kevin , Feyeux Maxime , Gurchenkov Basile , Delgado Christophe , Trushko Anastasiya , Krause Karl-Heinz , Vignjević Daniela , Nassoy Pierre , Roux Aurélien
Published: March 2016

A 3D printed chip for the production of neuron-containing alginate capsules.
3D printing of liquid metals as fugitive inks for fabrication of 3D microfluidic channels
Authors: Parekh Dishit P. , Ladd Collin , Panich Lazar , Moussa Khalil , Dickey Michael D.
Published: March 2016

This paper demonstrates a simple method to fabricate 3D microchannels at room temperature by printing liquid metal as a sacrificial template.
Investigation of the effect of reaction parameters on the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical jasmine-flower-like ZnO nanostructures for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Krishnapriya Ramachandran , Praneetha Selvarasu , Murugan Arumugam Vadivel
Published: March 2016

The influence of the microwave-hydrothermal reaction parameters upon the photovoltaic performance of fabricated jasmine-flower-like ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells was investigated.
Efficient multiblock star polymer synthesis from photo-induced copper-mediated polymerization with up to 21 arms
Authors: Wenn B. , Martens A. C. , Chuang Y.-M. , Gruber J. , Junkers T.
Published: March 2016

Photo-induced copper-mediated polymerization (photoCMP) is employed for the synthesis of multiarm-multiblock star copolymers. Based on a core-first approach, star polymers with four, six and twenty-one arms have been synthesized.
Formation of a tetranickel octacarbonyl cluster from the CO2 reaction of a zero-valent nickel monocarbonyl species
Authors: Yoo Changho , Lee Yunho
Published: March 2016

The CO2 reaction of a nickel(0) complex involves multiple reaction pathways including tetranickel cluster formation via reductive disproportionation of CO2.
Ascorbic acid promoted [4 + 2] benzannulation: a mild, operationally simple approach to the synthesis of phenanthrenes
Authors: Bu Mei-jie , Lu Guo-ping , Cai Chun
Published: March 2016

Ascorbic acid-promoted radical [4 + 2] benzannulation for the generation of substituted phenanthrenes at room temperature has been developed.
Targeted theranostic liposomes: rifampicin and ofloxacin loaded pegylated liposomes for theranostic application in mycobacterial infections
Authors: Kaul Ankur , Chaturvedi Shubhra , Attri Asha , Kalra Mohini , Mishra A. K.
Published: March 2016

Theranostic liposomes as effective drug delivery systems for the management of infections.
Highly stable organic–inorganic junction composed of hydrogenated titania nanotubes infiltrated by a conducting polymer
Authors: Siuzdak Katarzyna , Szkoda Mariusz , Lisowska-Oleksiak Anna , Karczewski Jakub , Ryl Jacek
Published: March 2016

A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conducting polymer doped with poly(2-styrene sulfonate) (pEDOT:PSS) was efficiently electrodeposited on a layer composed of ordered titania nanotubes.
Remediation of chromium(iii)-contaminated tannery effluents by using gallic acid-conjugated magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Guan Xiaoyu , Chang Jinming , Xu Zhou , Chen Yi , Fan Haojun
Published: March 2016

Gallic acid was covalently conjugated onto nanoscale magnetite surfaceviaEDC/NHS chemistry to design an efficient, separable, and reusable nanoadsorbent for remediating chromium(iii)-contaminated tannery effluents.
A highly efficient PtCo/C electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Wang Yan-Jie , Zhao Nana , Fang Baizeng , Li Hui , Bi Xiaotao T. , Wang Haijiang
Published: March 2016

A novel strategy was developed to fabricate leached PtCo/C electrocatalyst which demonstrates considerably enhanced ORR activity than commercial Pt/C (TKK).
Formation of a robust Ru4O4 skeleton with two Ru2(CO)4 units in criss–cross configuration
Authors: Yang Jindou , Wang Xian , Zhang Weiqiang , Zhang Guofang , Gao Ziwei
Published: March 2016

Thermolysis of triruthenium dodecacarbonyl Ru3(CO)12 with picolinic acid provided a direct approach to assemble a robust Ru4O4 skeleton with two Ru2(CO)4 units in a criss–cross way.
Rational design of carbazolyl and aryl phosphine oxide (APO) based ambipolar host materials for blue electrophosphorescence: a density functional theory study
Authors: Zhang Dongmei , Shen Wei , Zhang Xiaguang , Sun Huili , He Rongxing , Li Ming
Published: March 2016

Carbazolyl and Aryl Phosphine Oxide (APO) based ambipolar host materials.
Co9S8 nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon networks with improved lithium storage properties
Authors: Mujtaba Jawayria , Sun Hongyu , Huang Guoyong , Zhao Yanyan , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Sun Guoxing , Xu Shengming , Zhu Jing
Published: March 2016

Co9S8 nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon networks have been synthesized by annealing a cobalt containing metal organic framework with sulfur powders. The products exhibit excellent lithium storage properties.
Preparation, characterization and in vitro photodynamic therapy of a pyropheophorbide-a-conjugated Fe3O4 multifunctional magnetofluorescence photosensitizer
Authors: Cheng Jianjun , Tan Guanghui , Li Wenting , Li Jinghua , Wang Zhiqiang , Jin Yingxue
Published: March 2016

Core–shell structure magneto-fluorescence chlorin pyropheorbide-a photosensitizer (MFNPs) with good water-dispersity and strong superparamagnetic for photodynamic therapy.
Optically transparent electrodes for spectroelectrochemistry fabricated with graphene nanoplatelets and single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Garoz-Ruiz Jesus , Ibañez David , Romero Edna C. , Ruiz Virginia , Heras Aranzazu , Colina Alvaro
Published: March 2016

Hybrid optically transparent electrodes based on single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets have been fabricated. The new methodology can be used with other carbon nanomaterials.
Effects of non-equimolar lithium salt glyme solvate ionic liquid on the control of interfacial degradation in lithium secondary batteries
Authors: Seki Shiro , Serizawa Nobuyuki , Takei Katsuhito , Tsuzuki Seiji , Umebayashi Yasuhiro , Katayama Yasushi , Miura Takashi , Dokko Kaoru , Watanabe Masayoshi
Published: March 2016

High stability of solvate ionic liquid for lithium secondary batteries.
Adsorption properties of CH4 and CO2 in quartz nanopores studied by molecular simulation
Authors: Sun Haoyang , Sun Wenchao , Zhao Hui , Sun Yange , Zhang Dianrui , Qi Xiaoqing , Li Ying
Published: March 2016

Competitive adsorption isotherms and adsorption density distributions of binary mixtures containing CH4 and CO2 in nanopores with 100% and 60% surface hydroxylation at 323 K.
Seaweed biomass derived (Ni,Co)/CNT nanoaerogels: efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution and reduction reactions
Authors: Ma Na , Jia Yi (Alec) , Yang Xianfeng , She Xilin , Zhang Longzhou , Peng Zhi , Yao Xiangdong , Yang Dongjiang
Published: March 2016

Seaweed biomass derived three-dimensional (3D) nanoaerogels demonstrate excellent bifunctionality for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, showing high performance and cycling durability in zinc–air batteries.
Ultrasensitive reversible oxygen sensing by using liquid-exfoliated MoS2 nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Yeon Hoo , Kim Kye Yeop , Choi You Rim , Shim Young-Seok , Jeon Jong-Myeong , Lee Jong-Heun , Kim Soo Young , Han Seungwu , Jang Ho Won
Published: March 2016

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been attracting rapidly increasing interest for application in chemoresistive gas sensors owing to its moderate band gap energy and high specific surface area.
Development of a cell delivery system using alginate microbeads for tissue regeneration
Authors: Leslie Shirae K. , Nicolini Anthony M. , Sundaresan Gobalakrishnan , Zweit Jamal , Boyan Barbara D. , Schwartz Zvi
Published: March 2016

Alginate microbeads incorporating adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have potential for delivering viable cells capable of facilitating tissue regeneration.
Timing design for geosynchronous SAR
Authors: Li Caipin , He Mingyi
Published: March 2016

Compared with low‐earth‐orbit synthetic aperture radar (SAR), geosynchronous SAR (GEO SAR) due to the long synthetic aperture time and the sensitive effect of the earth's rotation, has great range migration in its echo and the extension of the receiving time window, resulting in the conventional timing design unusable. To solve this problem, a timing design method for GEO SAR is proposed in which the range migration is taken into consideration to avoid loss of echo. The equations and steps of the timing design are given in detail and in addition the range ambiguity and the azimuth ambiguity for GEO SAR are also discussed. Simulated results have verified the validity of the proposed timing design method for GEO SAR.
Bridging the gap between real‐life data and simulated data by providing a highly realistic fall dataset for evaluating camera‐based fall detection algorithms
Authors: Baldewijns Greet , Debard Glen , Mertes Gert , Vanrumste Bart , Croonenborghs Tom
Published: March 2016

Fall incidents are an important health hazard for older adults. Automatic fall detection systems can reduce the consequences of a fall incident by assuring that timely aid is given. The development of these systems is therefore getting a lot of research attention. Real‐life data which can help evaluate the results of this research is however sparse. Moreover, research groups that have this type of data are not at liberty to share it. Most research groups thus use simulated datasets. These simulation datasets, however, often do not incorporate the challenges the fall detection system will face when implemented in real‐life. In this Letter, a more realistic simulation dataset is presented to fill this gap between real‐life data and currently available datasets. It was recorded while re‐enacting real‐life falls recorded during previous studies. It incorporates the challenges faced by fall detection algorithms in real life. A fall detection algorithm from Debard et al. was evaluated on this dataset. This evaluation showed that the dataset possesses extra challenges compared with other publicly available datasets. In this Letter, the dataset is discussed as well as the results of this preliminary evaluation of the fall detection algorithm. The dataset can be downloaded from www.kuleuven.be/advise/datasets.
Efficient spectrum sensing and power allocation for cognitive two‐way relay network
Authors: Gu Qi , Wang Gongpu , Fan Rongfei , Ai Bo
Published: March 2016

In this study, a problem of efficient spectrum sensing and power allocation is studied. A network of cognitive radio adopting the technique of two‐way relay is considered. A relay node, sitting between two secondary users, carries out spectrum sensing and helps the two secondary users to realise bidirectional relay communications. For such a system, an optimisation problem which targets at maximising the average rate between the two secondary users while guaranteeing the detection probability above a predefined threshold, is formulated. Although the problem is shown to be non‐convex which means the global optimal solution is hard to be obtained, the authors solve the formulated problem global optimally by using a combination of bilevel optimisation and monotonic programming. Numerical results are provided to present the effectiveness of the authors’ proposed algorithm.
Robust beamforming and power splitting design in MISO SWIPT downlink system
Authors: Chu Zheng , Zhu Zhengyu , Xiang Weichen , Hussein Jamal
Published: March 2016

In this study, the authors consider simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in a multiple‐input‐single‐output (MISO) downlink system, where power splitting scheme is considered for each user of this system. Since channel state information of each user cannot be available at the transmitter, robust beamforming for SWIPT in the MISO downlink system is presented by incorporating with different types of channel uncertainty models. The authors first formulate the robust power minimisation problem subject to the signal‐to‐inference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) and energy harvesting (EH) constraints by incorporating two Gaussian channel uncertainties. The original problem is not convex in terms of channel uncertainties, and cannot be solved efficiently. The authors employ the well‐known Bernstein‐type inequality and Gaussian error function to make probability based constraints tractable, respectively, in order to recast the original problem as the convex form. Moreover, the robust power minimisation problem with the probability based SINR and EH constraints is formulated by incorporating random distribution with known error mean and covariance matrix. By exploiting conditional value‐at‐risk functional and semi‐definite relaxation, this optimisation problem is relaxed as the convex form. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate the performance of these proposed robust schemes.
Adaptive compressive engine for real‐time electrocardiogram monitoring under unreliable wireless channels
Authors: Yu Wenbin , Chen Cailian , He Tian , Yang Bo , Guan Xinping
Published: March 2016

Traditional compressive sensing (CS) methods assume the data sparsity to be constant over time, which holds well in many long‐term scenarios. However, the authors’ recent study on electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring reveals that data sparsity varies dramatically for real‐time monitoring systems where the data latency must be bounded, due to limited data collected within the delay bound. The variation of data sparsity makes the reconstruction error (RE) unstable. Furthermore, the variation of wireless channel quality also impacts the reconstruction quality. To accommodate both variations, this study proposes a novel adaptive feedback architecture for real‐time wireless ECG monitoring based on the CS technique, which can bound the REs in the presence of the variations of data sparsity and wireless channel. An experiment testbed has been built to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. The results show that the data latency can be limited to <300 ms and the RE can be controlled to 9%.
Robust region‐wise colour correction method for stereo matching
Authors: Ran Qing , Zhao Wenjing , Feng Jieqing
Published: March 2016

Significant colour discrepancies between stereo images have severe impacts on stereo matching algorithms, which depend on colour similarity. To address this problem, a region‐wise colour correction method is proposed in this study. First, the source image, which is to be corrected, is segmented into a set of regions using the mean‐shift method. Scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) features are extracted from both the source image and the reference image, and then matched. The matched SIFT pairs are refined by exploiting epipolar geometry constraint. Based on the segmentation result and the refined SIFT matches, the regional correspondences between two stereo images are estimated. Then, each matched region pair is used to compute a local colour correction function. A set of colour weight maps is calculated for these functions. Finally, to alleviate the colour transformation discontinuities along the region boundaries and facilitate a smooth colour correction globally, the corrected colour is obtained by combining the colour correction functions using the colour weighting maps. The authors apply the proposed local colour correction method to stereoscopic images before conducting stereo matching. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm can effectively and robustly alleviate the colour discrepancies, and improve the accuracy of stereo matching.
Designing a multimodal generalised ride sharing system
Authors: Cangialosi Edoardo , Di Febbraro Angela , Sacco Nicola
Published: March 2016

In the last few decades, the rapid evolution of information and communication technologies has promoted new methods for mobility planning. In the meanwhile, beyond the performance and sustainability enhancement of transportation systems, the promotion of the modal shift from private vehicles towards more sustainable modes still remains major target of transportation systems management, especially in urban areas. In this framework, car sharing and ride sharing appear to be two of the most promising approaches for reducing the number of circulating cars, but their performances are usually optimised separately. Then, the aim of this work is to introduce a generalised ride sharing system consisting of an integrated multimodal transport system which virtualises already available different modes allowing users to schedule multimodal trips in a single task. In doing so, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated by means of a real‐world case study.
Wireless power transmission in human tissue for nerve stimulation
Authors: Salama Robert , Kharkovsky Sergey , Liyanapathirana Ranjith , Gunawardana Upul
Published: March 2016

Wireless power transmission in human tissue using microwave techniques has great potential for different biomedical applications. Characterisation and optimisation of these techniques using in vivo performance measurements are complicated and time consuming. This study investigates the electromagnetic performance of microwave wireless power transmission at 2.45 GHz. For this purpose, a computational model of a measurement system is proposed and used to characterise and optimise a microwave wireless power transmission technique capable of delivering microwave power to a localised area in the human tissue. This technique includes an implanted miniature encased microstrip ring disk antenna and an external microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz. The results show that the microwave technique can be optimised by matching the radiation directions and polarisations of the antennas and by inserting a dielectric layer between the human tissue and the external antenna. It is demonstrated that the optimised microwave technique can deliver an electrical stimulus that can be used for biomedical applications such as nerve regeneration with a specific absorption rate that satisfies the IEEE Standards.
Investigation of a single‐plate π‐shaped multiple‐input–multiple‐output antenna with enhanced port isolation for 5 GHz band applications
Authors: Hsu Chung‐Yi , Hwang Lih‐Tyng , Chang Fa‐Shian , Wang Shun‐Min , Liu Chih‐Feng
Published: March 2016

A simple single‐plate, π‐shaped multiple–input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna with built‐in port isolation operated at 5 GHz (5150–5850 MHz) band is proposed. The MIMO antenna is a symmetrical structure formed on a single‐layered FR4 substrate. The main radiating element is of a single‐plate π‐shaped structure, and is 4 mm away from the antenna ground. The ground plane in this design provides sufficient finite size to properly excite the antenna. The π‐shaped structure has a few desired features: a space saver, due to co‐location of impedance matching network and isolation structure; built‐in isolation and stable MIMO operations; existence of stationary current sink and source (S‐S/S) points, which were proven to be the key to enhance port isolation. Since the commonly referred neutralisation line (NL) technique does not exhibit S‐S/S points; thus, our design is not considered as a NL. The radiation patterns of the two planar inverted F antenna ‐like monopoles cover the complementary space regions of 45°–50°, the antenna yields peak gain varied from 2 to 3 dBi, and radiation efficiency was >60% at 5 GHz band. The antenna port envelope correlation coefficient was about 0.05.
Short dual‐band planar leaky‐wave antenna with broadside effect mitigation
Authors: Abdo‐Sánchez Elena , Martín‐Guerrero Teresa M. , Esteban Jaime , Camacho‐Peñalosa Carlos
Published: March 2016

In this contribution, a planar leaky‐wave antenna capable of dual‐band frequency scanning including broadside is presented. It is based on the complementary strip‐slot element, which is a microstrip‐fed slot with ultra broad impedance bandwidth, achieved by introducing its complementary stub on the layer of the microstrip. The mitigation of the broadside degradation is accomplished by properly designing the strip‐slot and the pitch of the array and by introducing asymmetry (misalignment) in the unit‐cell. The resulting structure differs from previous proposals in the broadband element on which it is based, which allows dual‐band behaviour and high efficiency with an array of just five elements.
High‐power bidirectional resonant DC–DC converter with equivalent switching frequency doubler
Authors: Zong Sheng , Luo Haoze , Li Wuhua , Deng Yan , He Xiangning
Published: March 2016

A high‐power double frequency bidirectional symmetrical DC–DC resonant converter is proposed to reduce the sizes of the passive components and increase the cost‐effectiveness. Inspired by the bipolar and unipolar modulations for the single‐phase inverter, an asymmetrical duty cycle double frequency modulation is originated for high‐power bidirectional resonant converters whose switching frequency and power density are significantly limited by the high‐power devices. The equivalent operating frequency of the resonant tank becomes twice of the switching frequency, which effectively reduces the volumes and costs of the passive components, especially for high‐power high‐voltage applications. Moreover, the proposed converter has the same output characteristics for the two power flow directions, which not only symmetrises the bidirectional frequency control, but also simplifies the design of the resonant components. The converter operation principle is illustrated and the converter performances are analysed including the principle of the double frequency modulation, output characteristics and soft switching condition. Finally, a 5 kW prototype is built to verify the analysis, and the resonant components for the conventional bidirectional resonant converter are also designed and compared to illustrate the advantages of the proposed converter.
Robust droop control of DC distribution networks
Authors: Shuai Zhikang , He Dong , Fang Junbin , Shen Z. John , Tu Chunming , Wang Jun
Published: March 2016

DC droop control strategy is usually used to improve load sharing in increasingly popular DC distribution networks. However, the conventional droop control strategy suffers from considerable terminal voltage drop and influences by line impedance. In this study, the authors propose a new robust droop control strategy to overcome these drawbacks. They first develop a mathematical model of the proposed robust controller and use the load terminal voltage as a feedback signal. They further treat the line impedance as part of the equivalent output impedance of individual power converters and minimise the inaccuracy of load sharing by regulating robust coefficients. They analyse the influence of the robust coefficients on the system stability. They have verified the robust control strategy with both power system computer‐aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC simulation and control hardware in the loop semi‐experimental method. It is shown that the robust concept improves the load sharing accuracy and suppressing the load voltage fluctuation.
Lightning back flashover tripping patterns on a 275/132 kV quadruple circuit transmission line in Malaysia
Authors: Abd Halim Syahirah , Abu Bakar Ab Halim , Illias Hazlee Azil , Nor Hassan Nor Hidayah , Mokhlis Hazlee , Terzija Vladimir
Published: March 2016

Severe lightning environment has been the major cause of overhead transmission line outages. In order to minimise the impact of lightning overvoltage, it is necessary to further evaluate lightning performance of any line before implementing specific protection methods. Therefore, in this work, a thorough study on back flashover tripping patterns of a 275/132 kV quadruple steel monopole towers in Malaysia is presented. Several design parameters such as lightning current magnitude, tower footing resistance and power frequency voltage were varied to investigate their influences on the line performance associated with lightning events. The results show that each parameter gives a significant effect on the flashover patterns. For each case, no flashover was recorded on the higher voltage circuits (275 kV), even though the line consists of tall structures, which might be more susceptible to lightning strikes at the upper part. Regardless of the effect of tower height, flashovers occur mainly on 132 kV circuits due to difference in the line insulation level. The results obtained were then used in designing appropriate protection scheme to further improve the transmission line lightning performance, mainly in terms of reducing the double circuit line outages.
Modular bond‐graph modelling and analysis of biomolecular systems
Authors: Gawthrop Peter J. , Crampin Edmund J.
Published: March 2016

Bond graphs can be used to build thermodynamically‐compliant hierarchical models of biomolecular systems. As bond graphs have been widely used to model, analyse and synthesise engineering systems, this study suggests that they can play the same rôle in the modelling, analysis and synthesis of biomolecular systems. The particular structure of bond graphs arising from biomolecular systems is established and used to elucidate the relation between thermodynamically closed and open systems. Block diagram representations of the dynamics implied by these bond graphs are used to reveal implicit feedback structures and are linearised to allow the application of control‐theoretical methods. Two concepts of modularity are examined: computational modularity where physical correctness is retained and behavioural modularity where module behaviour (such as ultrasensitivity) is retained. As well as providing computational modularity, bond graphs provide a natural formulation of behavioural modularity and reveal the sources of retroactivity. A bond graph approach to reducing retroactivity, and thus inter‐module interaction, is shown to require a power supply such as that provided by the ATP ⇌ ADP + Pi reaction. The mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascade (Raf–MEK–ERK pathway) is used as an illustrative example.
Impact of cooperative space–time/frequency diversity in OFDM‐based wireless sensor systems over mobile multipath channels
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Gharavi Hamid , Hu Bin
Published: March 2016

Cooperative linear dispersion coding (LDC) can support arbitrary configurations of source nodes and destination nodes in virtual multi‐input–multi‐output systems. In this study, the authors investigate two spatial diversity applications of cooperative LDC for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)‐based wireless sensor systems in order to achieve space–time/frequency (ST/SF) diversity gains when transmitting over time‐/frequency‐selective fading channels. Cooperative LDC‐aided ST‐/SF‐OFDM is flexible in configuring various numbers of cooperative source nodes and time‐slots or frequency‐tones. Their results show that the ST‐OFDM scheme is sensitive to exploiting diversity gains, subject to the impact of varying channel Doppler spreads; while the performance of SF‐OFDM is mainly subject to delay spread. Specifically, when the system involves more than two cooperative nodes, the cooperative LDC‐aided ST‐/SF‐OFDM outperforms the cooperative orthogonal block codes (e.g. Tarokh's codes) aided ST‐/SF‐OFDM, when communicating over a higher Doppler/delay spread.
Reexamining the high-order harmonic generation of HD molecule in non-Born-Oppenheimer approximation
Authors: Du Hongchuan , Yue Shengjun , Wang Huiqiao , Wu Hongmei , Hu Bitao
Published: March 2016

The high-order harmonic generation of the HD molecule is studied in non-Born-Oppenheimer approximation. It is found that there are only the odd harmonics in the harmonic spectrum of the HD molecule though the generation of even harmonics is possible in principle. Theoretical analysis [T. Kreibich et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 103901 (2001)] reveals that the nuclear dipole moment can contribute to the generation of the even harmonics, but the acceleration of the nucleus is about three orders of magnitude less than that of the electron. Hence, the even harmonics cannot be observed in the harmonic spectrum of the HD molecule.
Dynamics of a reconnection-driven runaway ion tail in a reversed field pinch plasma
Authors: Anderson J. K. , Kim J. , Bonofiglo P. J. , Capecchi W. , Eilerman S. , Nornberg M. D. , Sarff J. S. , Sears S. H.
Published: March 2016

While reconnection-driven ion heating is common in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas, the underlying mechanisms for converting magnetic to kinetic energy remain not fully understood. Reversed field pinch discharges are often characterized by rapid ion heating during impulsive reconnection, generating an ion distribution with an enhanced bulk temperature, mainly perpendicular to magnetic field. In the Madison Symmetric Torus, a subset of discharges with the strongest reconnection events develop a very anisotropic, high energy tail parallel to magnetic field in addition to bulk perpendicular heating, which produces a fusion neutron flux orders of magnitude higher than that expected from a Maxwellian distribution. Here, we demonstrate that two factors in addition to a perpendicular bulk heating mechanism must be considered to explain this distribution. First, ion runaway can occur in the strong parallel-to-B electric field induced by a rapid equilibrium change triggered by reconnection-based relaxation; this effect is particularly strong on perpendicularly heated ions which experience a reduced frictional drag relative to bulk ions. Second, the confinement of ions varies dramatically as a function of velocity. Whereas thermal ions are governed by stochastic diffusion along tearing-altered field lines (and radial diffusion increases with parallel speed), sufficiently energetic ions are well confined, only weakly affected by a stochastic magnetic field. High energy ions traveling mainly in the direction of toroidal plasma current are nearly classically confined, while counter-propagating ions experience an intermediate confinement, greater than that of thermal ions but significantly less than classical expectations. The details of ion confinement tend to reinforce the asymmetric drive of the parallel electric field, resulting in a very asymmetric, anisotropic distribution.
Angular variation of oblique Hanle effect in CoFe/SiO2/Si and CoFe/Ta/SiO2/Si tunnel contacts
Authors: He Shumin , Lee Jeong-Hyeon , Grünberg Peter , Cho B. K.
Published: March 2016

Oblique Hanle effect (OHE) with magnetic field applied at an oblique angle θ (0 ≤ θ ≤ 180°) was systematically investigated using the 3-terminal (3T) geometry with CoFe/SiO2/Si tunnel contacts. Clear Hanle-like signals with asymmetric voltage dependence are obtained for all angles. It is found that the asymptotic value of the OHE uniquely depends on the angle θ and its angular variation can be fitted well with both functions of cos2θ and 11−αγ2 cos2θ as predicted from spin injection and impurity-assisted magnetoresistance models, respectively. In addition, no Hanle signal is observed in tunnel junctions with spin-unpolarized CoFe/Ta/SiO2/Si structure, which is also understandable by both models. The experimental data in this study demonstrate clearly that further study should be still done to uncover the underlying physics of the Hanle-like signal in 3T tunnel contacts.
The near-IR spectrum of NO(X̃2Π)-Ne detected through excitation into the Ã-state continuum: A joint experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Kłos J. , Zhang S. G. , Meyer H.
Published: March 2016

We present new measurements of the near IR spectrum of NO-Ne in the region of the first NO overtone transition. The IR absorption is detected by exciting the vibrationally excited complex to the Ã-state dissociation continuum. The resulting NO(A) fragment is subsequently ionized in the same laser pulse. Spectra of the two lowest bands, A and B, are recorded. The spectra are compared with calculated spectra based on bound states derived from a new set of high level ab initio potential energy surfaces (PESs). For the calculation, the PESs are used with either fixed NO intermolecular distance or averaged for the vibrational states of NO (X̃, v = 0 or 2). Spectra based on the new PESs reproduce the experimental spectra better than theoretical spectra based on the older PESs of M. H. Alexander et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 114, 5588 (2001)]. Especially, spectra based on the two different vibrationally averaged PESs show a marked improvement in comparison to the one based on the fixed internuclear NO-distance. A fitted set of spectroscopic constants allows to reproduce most of the finer details of the measured spectra. Monitoring simultaneously the NO fragment ion and the parent ion channels while scanning the UV wavelength through the NO A-X hot-band region enabled us to confirm the NO-Ne Ã-state dissociation limit of 44233 ± 5 cm−1. These measurements also confirm the absence of a structured NO-Ne spectrum involving the Ã-state.