bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunity, breast milk and infant formula: finding the optimal balance
Authors: Meleshkina Angelina V. , Geppe Natalia A. , Chebysheva Svetlana N. , Velikoretskaia Marina D. , Dagbaeva Darima V.
Published: August 2021

Mother's milk is a unique product for children in the first and second year of life. In addition to the components that provide the energy needs of the baby, breast milk contains many biologically active compounds, microorganisms, stem cells that influence the maturation of organs and systems, including the immune system. Even in the most advanced artificial formula, it is impossible to replicate the composition and effects of breast milk completely. Nevertheless, it is possible to introduce some components into the formula that have a positive effect on the developing immune system. These include fat components, in particular long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and -palmitate, nucleotides, the most valuable of which are adenosine, guanine, uridine, cytidine and inosine monophosphates, oligosaccharides, probiotics, macro- and microelements. Goat's milk is an attractive natural product for the production of quality infant formula. Enriching milk formulas based on goat's milk with components with immunomodulatory functions homologous to those of breast milk makes it possible to significantly reduce the adverse effects of artificial feeding of infants, as well as to achieve a positive immunomodulatory effect. Kabrita adapted goat milk formula contains all the beneficial natural components of goat milk, adapted by the manufacturer according to the protein, fat, carbohydrate, micro- and macronutrient composition, with the addition of probiotic complex BB-12 and lipid complex DigestX.
Inhalation therapy for bronchial obstruction in children: traditional approaches and new opportunities
Authors: Kamaev Andrei V. , Trusova Olga V. , Makarova Irina V. , Korostovtsev Dmitrii S.
Published: August 2021

Acute respiratory infections are widespread in the pediatric population and represent a significant burden to the health care system and families of patients. Anatomic ans physiological features of preschool children and individual predisposition, especially atopic phenotype, determine high risk of complicated course of acute respiratory infections with bronchial obstruction syndrome. The etiological factors of recurrent AR are quite diverse from chronic infections to foreign bodies of the bronchi or genetically determined diseases, but the most common cause of recurrent AR in children remains bronchial asthma. Therapy of acute obstructive episode in real clinical practice is most often similar to therapy of bronchial asthma attack and includes effects on the main components of pathogenesis: contraction of smooth muscles, mucus hypersecretion and inflammatory edema of the bronchial wall. There has been accumulated a great practical experience of using combined preparation of fenoterol and ipratropium bromide, which currently exists also in the form of domestic medicinal product Astmasol-SOLOpharm. In addition to standard bronchodilator and mucoconstrictor therapy, hypertonic solutions, in particular Ingasalin 3%, are an important component of therapy of prolonged obstruction and relapse prevention. The possibilities of this remedy in shortening of terms of obstructive disorders and decrease of risk of antibiotic therapy are demonstrated by clinical example.
Otitis externa: applied issues
Authors: Svistushkin Valery M.
Published: August 2021

Interview with Valery M. Svistushkin, MD, Professor, Director of the Clinic ofDiseasesof theEar,ThroatandNose and Head of the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Chief Outpatient Otorhinolaryngologist of the Central Federal District of Russia
Respiratory sound recorder – continued Innovation
Authors: Starostina Lada S. , Geppe Natalia A. , Malyshev Vladimir S. , Valieva Saniia I. , Ginesina Irina L. , Malakhov Aleksandr B. , Bukharov Dmitrii G. , Shatalina Svetlana I. , Zubareva Tatiana V.
Published: August 2021

The study of external respiratory function (ERF) is important in the diagnosis of respiratory tract abnormalities in various diseases. In children, especially at an early age, there are many difficulties in conducting studies. In recent decades, due to the development of computer technology, there is great interest in the study of respiratory sounds, methods of their registration, processing and use in the assessment of the respiratory system in children and adults. Russian scientists have developed the method of respiratory airway sound investigation, which has proved its effectiveness, reliability and necessity of use in practice. Computer bronchophonography is based on the analysis of time and frequency characteristics of the spectrum of respiratory noises, arising from changes in the bronchial diameter due to increase in the stiffness of their walls or decrease in the inner diameter. Computed bronchophonography may be used for diagnostics of EFD disorders in patients of all age groups both in the in-patient and out-patient treatment.
Serum proteomics reveals disorder of lipoprotein metabolism in sepsis
Authors: Liang Xi , Wu Tianzhou , Chen Qi , Jiang Jing , Jiang Yongpo , Ruan Yanyun , Zhang Huaping , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Chao , Chen Peng , Lv Yuhang , Xin Jiaojiao , Shi Dongyan , Chen Xin , Li Jun , Xu Yinghe
Published: August 2021

Sepsis is defined as an organ dysfunction syndrome and it has high mortality worldwide. This study analysed the proteome of serum from patients with sepsis to characterize the pathological mechanism and pathways involved in sepsis. A total of 59 patients with sepsis were enrolled for quantitative proteomic analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to construct a co-expression network specific to sepsis. Key regulatory modules that were detected were highly correlated with sepsis patients and related to multiple functional groups, including plasma lipoprotein particle remodeling, inflammatory response, and wound healing. Complement activation was significantly associated with sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Triglyceride/cholesterol homeostasis was found to be related to sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Twelve hub proteins were identified, which might be predictive biomarkers of sepsis. External validation of the hub proteins showed their significantly differential expression in sepsis patients. This study identified that plasma lipoprotein processes played a crucial role in sepsis patients, that complement activation contributed to sepsis-associated encephalopathy, and that triglyceride/cholesterol homeostasis was associated with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.
Face Perception Deficits in Developmental Prosopagnosia
Authors:   , Macaskill Ella
Published: August 2021

Face recognition is a fundamental cognitive function that is essential for social interaction – yet not everyone has it. Developmental prosopagnosia is a lifelong condition in which people have severe difficulty recognising faces but have normal intellect and no brain damage. Despite much research, the component processes of face recognition that are impaired in developmental prosopagnosia are not well understood. Two core processes are face perception, being the formation of visual representations of a currently seen face, and face memory, being the storage, maintenance, and retrieval of those representations. Most studies of developmental prosopagnosia focus on face memory deficits, but a few recent studies indicate that face perception deficits might also be important. Characterising face perception in developmental prosopagnosia is crucial for a better understanding of the condition. In this thesis, I addressed this issue in a large-scale experiment with 108 developmental prosopagnosics and 136 matched controls. I assessed face perception abilities with multiple measures and ran a broad range of analyses to establish the severity, scope, and nature of face perception deficits in developmental prosopagnosia. Three major results stand out. First, face perception deficits in developmental prosopagnosia were severe, and could be comparable in size to face memory deficits. Second, the face perception deficits were widespread, affecting the whole sample rather than a subset of individuals. Third, the deficits were mainly driven by impairments to mechanisms specialised for processing upright faces. Further analyses revealed several other features of the deficits, including the use of atypical and inconsistent strategies for perceiving faces, difficulties matching the same face across different pictures, equivalent impact of lighting and viewpoint variations in face images, and atypical perceptual and non-perceptual components of test performance. Overall, my thesis shows that face perception deficits are more central to developmental prosopagnosia than previously thought and motivates further research on the issue.
Факторно-критеріальна модель оцінки життєздатності криптоактивів
Authors: Пипенко Ірина Сергіївна , Мельник Юрій Борисович
Published: August 2021

Вступ: Відсутність теоретично обґрунтованої системи факторів і критеріїв криптоактивів не дозволяє здійснити системну оцінку життєздатності ринків криптоактивів та розробити механізми їх ефективного управління. Мета дослідження: визначити систему факторів і критеріїв, а також показників криптоактивів, на основі яких розробити факторно-критеріальну модель оцінки життєздатності криптоактивів. Матеріали та Методи: Методологія дослідження базується на системному підході до визначення основних факторів, критеріїв і показників криптоактивів. Використано кваліметричний підхід для розробки факторнокритеріальної моделі оцінки життєздатності криптоактивів. Проведено анкетування 57 фахівців-експертів для визначення вагомості (значущості) факторів і критеріїв у розробленій моделі. Для оброблення даних моделі використовується кваліметричний інструментарій. Результати: Дослідження криптоактивів методами факторно-критеріального аналізу дозволило схарактеризувати систему з 7 факторів і 30 критеріїв, а також 60 показників. Ці фактори, критерії та показники покладено в основу розробленої моделі оцінки життєздатності криптоактивів. Застосування факторно-критеріальної моделі надає можливість порівняти всі компоненти системи критеріїв, навіть, якщо вони вимірюються в різних одиницях, й визначити загальний рівень життєздатності криптоактивів на основі інтегральної оцінки. Висновки: Факторно-критеріальна модель оцінки життєздатності криптоактивів є унікальним інструментом вимірювання рівня як кожної складової криптоактиву в цій моделі, так і в інтегрованій цілісності. Для оцінки та розуміння життєздатності криптоактиву слід вивчати не тільки показники окремих критеріїв, а й їх взаємовідношення та взаємодію. Координація комплексу вибірково залучених критеріїв забезпечуватиме отримання реального результату – підвищення рівня життєздатності криптоактиву. Ця модель може бути рекомендована для емітентів, інвесторів та користувачів криптоактивів.
Sustainable Development Assessment of Commercial banks based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Semenova N. N. , Ivanova I. A. , Vasil’kina A. A.
Published: August 2021

In the present context, the issues of sustainable development of commercial banks are becoming particularly relevant, since they largely determine the state of the country’s economy as a whole. At the same time, commercial banks operate under the influence of various factors of the internal and external environment, digital transformation and the transition to the fourth industrial revolution, which significantly changes the conditions of their functioning. The time lag in which a credit institution can be in a relatively static, stable state is reduced. In this regard, there is a need to develop a methodology for assessing the sustainable development of commercial banks. This paper aims to develop theoretical provisions and methods for assessing the sustainable development of commercial banks using the analytic hierarchy process. As a result of the research, theoretical approaches to the disclosure of the economic content of the sustainable development of commercial banks, as well as existing A methodological approach to assessing the sustainability of the bank’s development is justified, considering five components: economic, social, environmental, institutional and technological. Within the framework of this approach, criteria for their assessment are proposed for each of the components of the sustainability of the development of commercial banks, a scale of their relative importance is constructed and vectors are determined based on expert assessments. The authors make a conclusion that it is necessary to distinguish four types of stability of the bank’s development: absolute stability, normal stability, unstable state, crisis state. This approach can be used by commercial banks when developing a strategy for the sustainable development of financial and credit organizations. Prospects for further research may be associated with the development of alternative methods for assessing the sustainable development of commercial banks.
Key Trends and Prospects for sustainable Development of the Urban settlement system in the Russian Federation
Authors: Fattakhov R. V. , Nizamutdinov M. M. , Aitova Yu. S. , Oreshnikov V. V.
Published: August 2021

The subject of the study is the problem of the spatial distribution of the population in Russia and its regions. The relevance of research is determined by the key trends in the processes of distribution and movement of human capital in the context of cities. The paper aims to analyze the key trends and prospects for the development of the Russian settlement system at the federal, regional, and local levels. The research methods include a critical analysis of approaches to territorial settlement optimization, the modern system of urban settlement in Russia and its regions based on the use of statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2011-2019. The authors carried out a comparative analysis of the studied processes by countries using the Zipf method, as well as by Russian regions using the the Lorenz coefficient. It has been determined that the group of regions with an increase in the level of differentiation of urban settlement is characterized by a high level of depopulation of small and medium-sized cities with a contraction and concentration of the population in the largest city of the region, which creates additional risks for the sustainable development of the territory. A decrease in the level of differentiation of urban settlement is observed in regions where the share of the population of both small and medium-sized cities (but at a slower pace) and large ones is decreasing. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of an approach to improving the settlement system in Russia based on the application of the Lorenz coefficient and modelling methods. The authors conclude that an uneven system of settlement has developed in Russia, creating prerequisites for the emergence of new imbalances and threats to the complex sustainable development of the country’s territory. In this regard, it is advisable to develop an appropriate document in the field of state policy at the federal level or clarify similar issues within the framework of existing documents, as well as to increase the scientific validity of the measures taken using formalized methods of forecasting and planning. A promising direction in this area is the development of an agent-based model that allows increasing the efficiency of the distribution of financial resources for the development of social infrastructure. The results of the study justify the expediency of reallocating financial resources of the budget to ensure state policy in the field of development of the settlement system in the country.
System Balance Index as an Indicator of the Russian Gas Industry’s Sustainable Growth
Authors: Kleiner G. B. , Rybachuk M. A. , Steblyanskaya A. N.
Published: August 2021

The paper examines an approach to developing a strategy for the Russian gas industry’s sustainable growth based on the system economic theory’s methodology. The aim of the study is to evaluate the current state of the industry by calculating sustainable growth indices. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) reveals a deep relationship between sustainable growth indices and Return on equity ( ROE ), Lambert Energy Index ( LEI ), Return on environmental investments (ROEenv ), and Return on social investments (ROEsr ). The system balance index ( SBI ) is calculated, which expresses the intensity of links between the financial, energy, environmental and social subsystems of the gas industry. The results show that the Russian gas industry companies are characterized by a low level of ROEenv or ROEsr , negatively affecting the SBI value. The authors conclude the importance of environmental protection and social responsibility for achieving sustainable industry growth should not be underestimated. This circumstance should be taken into account when setting strategic goals for companies in the gas industry. According to the authors, applying system economic theory to achieve sustainable growth goals has huge potential to overcome economic phenomena and improve company management practices.
Treatment of oversize and recurrent pancreatic pseudocyst after an episode of acute pancreatitis: a case report and review management
Authors:   1First Surgical Department, 251 Hellenic Airforce Hospital,   2Gastrenterologic Department, 251 Hellenic Airforce Hospital
Published: August 2021

Pancreatic cysts are being diagnosed more frequently because of the increasing usage of multiple noninvasive imaging modalities. Moreover, pancreatic pseudocysts (PPs) present a challenging problem for physicians dealing with pancreatic disorders, especially in cases where their treatment will be required. The diagnosis of a PP needs imaging with ultrasonography, Computed Tomography (CT) scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In most cases, pancreatic pseudocysts are asymptomatic and resolve spontaneously. [1-3] Asymptomatic PPs up to 6 cm in diameter can be safely observed and monitored with serial imaging.[1] If they evolve and increase in size, they become symptomatic through compression of the adjacent organs and need interven-tion.[1, 4-6] Their management demands the cooperation of surgeons, radiologists and gastroenterolo-gists. The treatment of PPs has evolved considerably over the past decade, moving from what was once open surgical management to increasingly minimally invasive techniques, both by surgery and by endoscopy. Thus, many studies have reported successful drainage through the use of various techniques.[1, 3, 4] However, the absence of a large number of cases as well as guidelines for dealing with them raise even today dilemmas regarding the treatment of choice. Here we present a case of a large pancreatic pseudocyst and a brief review of the literature.
Tavuk eti marinasyonunda ardıç (Juniperus communis L.) ekstraktı kullanımının etkilerinin araştırılması
Authors: KAVUŞAN Hülya Serpil , ÖZTÜRK KERİMOĞLU Burcu , SHAREFİABADİ Elnaz , SERDAROĞLU Meltem
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada enjeksiyon yöntemi ile marine edilen tavuk göğüs kaslarının marinasyon çözeltisi formülasyonunda %0 (C), %0.5 (A-0.5), %0.75 (A-0.75) ve %1 (A-1) oranlarında ardıç ekstraktı (AE) kullanımının bazı kalite parametreleri ve depolama boyunca lipit oksidasyonu üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Enjeksiyon yöntemi ile marine edilen taze tavuk göğüs etleri +4°C’de 24 saat bekletilmiş ve vakum ambalajlanarak +4°C’de 14 gün boyunca depolanmıştır. AE ekstraktının kullanımının %0.5 oranının üzerine çıkması göğüs etlerinin marinasyon absorpsiyonu ve su tutma kapasitesi değerlerini düşürmüştür (p<0.05). AE ilavesi örneklerin nem, protein ve yağ miktarlarında önemli değişikliklere neden olmamıştır. Depolama süresi ve/veya antioksidan kullanım oranı interaksiyonunun pH değeri üzerindeki etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.05). AE ilavesi tavuk göğüs etinde oksidasyon reaksiyonlarını yavaşlatıcı etki göstermiştir; ancak depolamanın 7. gününden itibaren %0.5’ten fazla AE kullanımı prooksidan etki göstererek TBARS değerlerini yükseltmiştir (p<0.05). AE kullanımının renk üzerindeki en belirgin etkisi örneklerin sarılık değerlerinde gözlenmiştir. Depolama süresi ve %1 AE kullanımı ambalaja sızıntı değerlerinde artışa neden olmuştur (p<0.05).
Trabzon yöresinde yetişen Sibirya kivisi (Actinidia arguta) meyvesinin fenolik bileşiklerinin karakterizasyonu ile antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin belirlenmesi
Authors: OTAĞ Mustafa , KALKAN Selin , ENGİN Mehmet Soner
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, literatürde hakkında sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunan Sibirya kivisi meyvesinin farklı çözgenler (etanol ve metanol) kullanılarak elde edilen ekstraktlarında toplam fenolik madde içerikleri ve bu bileşiklerin dağılımı, antioksidan aktivite ve antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ilk aşamada bitkinin fenolik bileşikleri ekstrakte edilerek en etkin çözgen sistemi tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında ise elde edilen ekstraktların çözgenleri uçurularak kalan kuru maddede kromatografik olarak fenolik bileşiklerinin dağılımı ile spektrofotometrik olarak antioksidan aktiviteleri ve son olarak önemli gıda patojenlerine karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Meyvelerin etanol ve metanol ekstraktlarında toplam fenolik içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi Folin-Ciocalteu ve ABTS antioksidan aktivite metotlarına göre tespit edilmiştir. Kivi örneklerinin fenolik profili HPLC-UV ile belirlenmiştir. 2017 yılında hasat edilen etanol ve metanol ile ekstrakte edilen Sibirya kivi örneklerine ait toplam fenolik madde sonuçları sırasıyla 761.7 ve 899.7 mg GAE.100g-1 iken 2018 yılında hasat edilen örneklerin etanol ve metanol ile ekstraktları ise 783.5 ve 931.6 mg GAE.100g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. 2017 hasat edilen etanol ve metanol ile ekstrakte edilen Sibirya kivi örneklerine ait ABTS antioksidan aktivite değerleri ise sırasıyla 87.6, 94.2 µM TE.g-1 TA iken 2018 yılında hasat edilen örneklerin ise 111.4 ve 118.1 µM TE.g-1 TA olarak tespit edilmiştir. Antimikrobiyal aktive sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde kivi meyvesinin metanol ekstraktları, etanol ekstraktlarına kıyasla daha yüksek bir antimikrobiyal etki göstermiştir. 2017 yılının hasatı olan kivi metanol ekstraklarının en yüksek antimikrobiyal etkiyi 40 µL emdirilen disk ile, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella Typhimurium ve Proteus vulgaris’e (12.5±0.7 mm) gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. 2018 yılın hasatı olan kivi etanol ekstraktlarının ise Listeria monocytogenes’e (13.5±0.7 mm) karşı en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktiviteyi 40 µL emdirilen disk ile gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
Simulator Proses Pengisian dan Pemasangan Tutup Botol Terkendali PLC Berbantuan Miniatur Konveyor
Authors: Purnomo Anang Dwi , Goeritno Arief , Nugroho Danang Adi
Published: August 2021

A miniature conveyor machine assisted by embedded systems and controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC) has been fabricated with the operating mechanism is based on the detection of two different colors. The objectives of this research are to obtain a miniature machine is controlled by the PLC system, create a ladder diagram-based program structure, and measure the performance of the embedded system. Obtaining the machine is carried out through assembly of the conveyor frame, installation of all devices, and integrated wiring. The programming for the Omron PLC system is based on providing the CX-Programmer 64 bits, establishing algorithms and compiling ladder diagrams, and compiling and uploading processes. The performance measurement includes synchronization conditions between the simulator and the control system, observations of the readings of installed sensors for activating all devices on the output side, and observing the measurement of the filling process time and the installation of bottle caps assisted by the pneumatic system. The results of the performance during the process of filling and installing the lid obtained a success rate of 75%, based on four trials, three successes, and one failure. The general conclusion is that the embedded system that has been built can be used as a simulator for the mechanism of filling liquid into bottles and installing bottle caps, and it is as an implementation of instrumentation and automation processes.
The Institutionalization of e-Democracy: Challenges, Risks and Future Directions in an Indian Context
Authors: Gupta Divya Kirti , Biswas Ashish Kumar
Published: August 2021

This conceptual paper attempts to understand the necessity of intertwining Democracy and e-Democracy for the success of institutionalization of e-Democracy. In this respect, it proposes the "Four-Forces Framework of Democracy" and their Drivers. The paper also explores the challenges that e-Democracy may face in its growth and evolution, highlights the risks involved in ignoring the challenges, and suggests the future direction. In the present scenario, there is a considerable push for Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The paper discusses whether this will lead to the strengthening of people's voice and empowerment of the individual and collective aspirations. Societies in their evolution develop cultural contexts, social and ethnic values. It is a challenge for any e-Democracy to integrate them into its mechanisms. In the Indian context, it is essential to develop foresight on how e-Democracy gears-up to also address various contradictions and conflicts, which are possible due to the digital-divide, multitude of people's aspirations, socio-cultural diversity, space for democratic thinking, etc. Keeping many aspects of Democracy and governance into consideration, the paper focuses on how ICT and e-Democracy will honour people's aspirations in the coming years, to keep the public, individual, and society, vibrant and democratically functioning.
An assessment of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University for improving the research capacity
Authors: Rayna Shahrin Emdad , Khalequzzaman Md , Khan Fahmida Afroz , Rahman K M Thouhidur , Mehnaz Novera , Jahan Nusrat , Hakim Ferdous , Zaman M Mostafa , Islam Syed Shariful
Published: August 2021

Background

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) is a postgraduate medical university in Bangladesh, where health research is an institutional mission. To improve the institutional research culture that contributes to better research capabilities, an assessment of BSMMU’s research output, challenges faced while conducting research, feasible actions to overcome them, and indicators for evaluating the research capacity were identified.

Methods

Published manuscripts from BSMMU for the year 2018, registered with PubMed and BanglaJOL, were reviewed to assess the status of research output. Key informant interviews and in-depth interviews were conducted with various members of the academic departments, central library, institutional review board and University journals, to identify research-related challenges, strategies to overcome, and indicators to evaluate the research capacity.

Results

In 2018, the total number of scientific articles published was 364, among which 68.4% of the articles were published in local journals and 31.6% in international journals. Journals published by the University lacked indexation into international medical databases and had no impact factor. The majority of the interviewees mentioned about the lack of dedicated time for research, prioritized research agendas and need for research-related trainings to improve research performance as challenges. Establishing policies for research support, development of University’s research infrastructure and better mechanisms to disseminate research findings, were identified as key opportunities for improvement. For future evaluation of research capacity strengthening, individual levels indicators (publication outputs, research grants, awards, number of collaborations) were emphasized.

Conclusions

Preference for publishing in the local journals was observed rather than in international peer-reviewed journals. The key challenges for undertaking research included the absence of dedicated time and trainings for skill development. Publication outputs, research grants, awards, number of collaborations were identified as notable indicators for evaluating improvements in research capacity at an individual level. Establishing policies and guidelines for research support, along with the development of appropriate research infrastructure in the University, will enable it to guide national policies and programs.
Automatically shedding loads for lighting systems in corridors and public areas in high-rise apartment buildings
Authors: Tuyen Nguyen Tai
Published: August 2021

Currently, the lighting system for corridors and public areas in high-rise apartment buildings uses LED systems to replace Sodium lamps, halogen lamps... Although LED lights have been put into use, there are economic benefits such as lower power consumption and longer durability (life expectancy) according to the manufacturer's explanation. But in practice, the LEDs are used with pulse sources with operating voltages from 170VAC to 240VAC and continuous operation time without rest, often resulting in power loss due to overload or the life of the capacitor is reduced. Therefore, in order to improve the life span and efficiently use the energy source, the researches have studied the switching process control such as [1], [2], [3], [5]. This paper presents a new research direction Automatically shedding loads for lighting systems in corridors and public areas in high-rise apartment buildings for greater efficiency.
Investigation of constraints faced by teaching and learning of chemistry in Nyarugenge district secondary schools: Quest for quality improvement
Authors: Pascal Nsanzimana  , Celestin Ngendabanga  , Jean Baptiste Nkurunziza
Published: August 2021

The present study investigated constraints faced by chemistry teaching and learning. It also suggested possible solutions for addressing the identified constraints. A total sample of 138 respondents including 125 students in chemistry combinations, 10 chemistry teachers and 3 directors of study were chosen purposefully to participate in this study. A qualitative research method using case study design was employed to gather necessary data. Content and thematic analysis methods were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that abstract nature of some chemistry concepts, lack of laboratory apparatus and chemicals, lack of laboratory technician to support chemistry teachers are major constraints faced by teaching and learning of chemistry. This study suggested that government and educational stakeholders should supply adequate chemicals and apparatus, chemistry teachers must use hands-on activities and video simulations to concretize chemistry concepts. Chemistry teachers should also motivate learners to enjoy chemistry to reduce negative attitude of students towards chemistry. Lastly the recruitment of laboratory attendants was also suggested as a major strategy to support chemistry teachers in preparation of chemistry practices.
Study of the outcome of pediatric patients with aplastic anemia treated with immunosuppressive therapy-Single center experience
Authors: Mohamed W  , Morsy N  , Matbouly S
Published: August 2021

Background: Immunosuppressive therapy is the Initial therapy for children with severe Aplastic anemia (SAA) and lacking a matched related donor. Cyclosporine A (Cy A) alone has been tried as single agent in resource poor Countries. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was done to assess the outcome of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in SAA children. It included 23 patients treated at Ain Shams University Pediatrics Hospitals between 2011- 2019 with IST, they received rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (r ATG) plus (Cy A) (Group I, 8 patients) or Cy A alone (Group II, 15 patients). The median follow- up duration was 59 months. Results: one patient (4.3%) developed AML clone. another patient (4.3%) developed PNH clone. There was no significant difference in response between the two groups, Complete response was 34.7%, 43.5%, and 47.8% and partial response was 34.7%, 26.1%, 21.7% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively in the whole cohort. NR was present in 30.4% at 3, 6, and 12 months. Hypertension in 62.5% and higher levels of ALT, total and direct bilirubin were observed in group I as compared to group II. HAAA was clinically evident in 7 patients; 4 of them were hepatitis A, 1 was EBV, and 2 were seronegative for all viruses. At presentation they had significantly higher level of ALT, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin. Conclusion: IST is an effective therapy in patients with SAA with overall response of 70%. Cy A alone can be an effective therapy in developing countries.
Description of patient with telangiectasis and palmar erythema without any structural liver changes or changes of liver laboratory parameters due to treatment of Her -2 -positive breast cancer with Ado-Trastuzumab-Emtansine
Authors: Andre Manov MD  , Weston Truman DO  , Alex Chao DO  , Amanpreet Kaur MD
Published: August 2021

Ado- Trastuzumab-Emtansine is approved by EMA and FDA for treatment of HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer. The drug combines the cytotoxic activity of emtansine with trastuzumab [1,2,3]. Here we are describing 50- year old woman with 3-ple positive left breast cancer with metastasis to left axillary lymph nodes treated with the drug. The patient had normal liver and spleen structure on CT of the abdomen with I.V. contrast, along with a normal liver function test. However she did have a mild elevation of her indirect bilirubin after the initiation of the drug. Despite the normal liver and spleen and absence of Cirrhosis the patient developed drug induced spider angiomas on the upper chest, upper back, shoulders along with palmar erythema. The association of the Ado-Trastuzumab-Emtansine with spider angiomas and palmar erythema in those with normal liver and spleen function, with only a mild elevation of indirect bilirubin is discussed in the article [1].
Public education expenditure and economic growth: based on panel data from 2009 to 2019 in China
Authors: Yao Liu  , Ziru Tan  , Xiaohua Ning
Published: August 2021

Public education expenditure is the largest public expenditure and the foundation of education development in China. This paper uses Cobb-Douglas production function model to analyze the relationship between public education expenditure and China's economic growth, and explores the impact of the proportion of public education expenditure in primary, secondary and tertiary education expenditure on economic growth. The results show that public education expenditure has a positive effect on economic growth, and that secondary education accounts for the largest contribution to economic growth, followed by higher education and primary education. The research results suggest that China should increase financial investment in education and optimize the expenditure structure of three-level education.
Nigeria's multidimensional poverty analysis: A subgroup and dimensional breakdown
Authors: Emeka Eze  , Justin C. Alugbuo
Published: August 2021

This study is an attempt to analyze the nature of multidimensional poverty in Nigeria in the light of recent data. The study used data from the Nigerian standard of living and measurement survey (LSMS) 2018/2019 to estimate the overall MPI for Nigeria, which included six indices of deprivation from four dimensions: consumption, education, energy, and housing. The study also performed a decomposition of multidimensional poverty across Nigerian regions, as well as a dimensional breakdown of multidimensional poverty across Nigeria and across regions. According to the study, Nigeria's multidimensional poverty index is 0.34, with a headcount ratio of 0.64 when the deprivation cutoff is 1, implying that roughly 64 percent of Nigerians are poor in at least one of the four areas studied. The North West, North East, and North Central regions, on the other hand, account for the majority of Nigeria's multidimensional poverty, accounting for more than 70% of the country's total multidimensional poverty. The South West has the lowest poverty rate, followed by the South South and the South East. Deprivations in Education, Energy, Consumption, and Housing, according to the report, are the most significant contributors to MPI. The study recommends that policies aimed at reducing poverty must take into account the distribution of multidimensional poverty in Nigeria so as to be able to get to the targeted audience. Secondly, there is a need to improve investment in Education and Energy so as to reduce overall multidimensional poverty in Nigeria.
Present scenario of generic medicines in India: A comparative study
Authors: Tapan Kumar Mahato  , Durgeshwari Raulji
Published: August 2021

Drugs or medicines are those which are used for treatment, diagnosis, mitigation and prevention of diseases. But it’s very expensive. Not or all but for lower and middle class people taking treatment is very difficult because of the cost of the medicines. Many deaths are caused because the patient cannot afford the cost of the medicines. The entry of generic medicines in market brought a revolutionary change in healthcare system and the market share is continuously increasing. The poor and needy sections of the society are getting benefitted because these are authentic, reliable, secure, affordable and accessible for all. Now there is an option available against the high cost branded medicines. Government of India is taking lot of steps to promote the availability of generic medicines both in rural and urban areas and also taking steps to aware people that it is equally safe and effective as that of branded medicines. Many pharmaceutical companies are manufacturing generic medicines and making them available in market through retail outlets. E-pharmacies are also functioning delivering generic medicines at home. Government has opened thousands of Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendra (PMBJK) across the country where one can get generic medicines at much lower cost. The present article is based on the study to know the availability of generic medicines through PMBJK, comparison of prices between generic and branded medicines, reasons for the lower price of generic medicines and except PMBJK where generic medicines are available.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Cetak Berbasis Pendekatan Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Matematis
Authors: Hasanah Huswatun
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bahan ajar cetak yang memadai bagi peningkatan kemampuan literasi matematis siswa menggunakan pendekatan problem solving. Penelitian pengembangan ini melalui proses yang cukup panjang, yaitu pembuatan desain awal bahan ajar, pengujian ahli, revisi sesuai saran dan kritik para ahli, pengujian skala terbatas, serta revisi sesuai hasil uji skala terbatas. Uji skala terbatas dilakukan pada siswa kelas VIII SMP. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode angket. Pengolahan data angket menggunakan skala likert. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil dari analisis pengujian para ahli bahwa bahan ajar berbasis pendekatan problem solving dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi matematis siswa dan menunjukan hasil yang baik dengan masing-masing perolehan skor untuk uji ahli matematika sebesar 81, 5%, uji ahli pendidikan 82, 67%, uji ahli desain 74, 29%, dan uji coba skala terbatas sebesar 83%.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematika Siswa
Authors: Astuti Ayu , Fitriyani Harina
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek siswa kelas X Lukis 1 SMK N 3 Kasihan Bantul tahun ajaran 2017/2018.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri atas dua pertemuan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pedoman observasi dan tes. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X Lukis 1 SMK N 3 Kasihan Bantul tahun ajaran 2017/2018 mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II setelah dilaksanakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan setiap aspek kemampuan berpikir kritis serta nilai rata-rata kelas. Aspek memberi penjelasan sederhana yang dimiliki oleh siswa adalah 73,33% (sedang)   menjadi 90,00% (sangat tinggi), aspek membangun kemampuan dasar yang dimiliki oleh siswa adalah 47,73% (sangat rendah) menjadi 63,33% (sedang), aspek memberi penjelasan lanjut yang dimiliki oleh siswa adalah 62,00% (rendah)   menjadi 72,00%  (sedang), aspek strategi dan taktik yang dimiliki oleh siswa adalah 67,33% (sedang)   menjadi 86,00% (tinggi) dan aspek menyimpulkan yang dimiliki oleh siswa adalah 62,00% (rendah) menjadi 68,00% (sedang) pada kondisi akhir. Sedangkan untuk nilai rata-rata kelas dari kondisi awal adalah 62,48% (rendah) menjadi 77,07% (sedang) pada kondisi akhir. Kata kunci: Peningkatan, Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah, Berpikir Kritis
Penerapan Strategi REACT (Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating, and Transferring) terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Sukma Melati Aini , Yandari Indhira Asih Vivi , Alamsyah Trian Pamungkas
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi bahwa pembelajaran matematika di sekolah belum memberikan ruang pada siswa untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis sehingga siswa tidak terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi REACT dalam  meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Populasi yang diteliti adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Sempu 2 Kota Serang. Sedangkan sampelnya menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kelas IV B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan IV A sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah instrumen tes dan non tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang menggunakan strategi REACT  dengan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang menggunakan strategi Cooperative Learning dan peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang menggunakan strategi REACT lebih baik daripada kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang menggunakan strategi Cooperative Learning.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa pada Soal Statistika Berstandar Ujian Nasional
Authors: Mardatillah Melhan Eka Putri , Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu , Abidin Zainal
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa SMAN 1 Lembar dalam menyelesaikan soal statistika berstandar UN berdasarkan tahapan Polya. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan 6 siswa kelas XI IPA yang dipilih berdasarkan saran dari guru dan kemampuan awal matematika dengan kategori, yaitu: (1) siswa dengan kategori kemampuan awal matematika rendah, (2) siswa dengan kategori kemampuan awal matematika sedang, dan (3) siswa dengan kategori kemampuan awal matematika tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan kategori kemampuan awal matematika rendah tidak mampu menyelesaikan soal statistika. Siswa dengan kategori kemampuan awal matematika sedang dan siswa pada kategori kemampuan awal matematika tinggi mampu menyelesaiakan soal statistika. Namun, siswa merasa sulit menyelesaikan soal dalam bentuk histogram.
Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Metakognisi dan Prokrastinasi Akademik
Authors: Ikhsan Shevi , Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan metakognisi dan prokrastinasi akademik terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MAN 4 Bantul pada kelas XI tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Subjek sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 38 siswa.  Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa skala kemampuan metakognisi dan skala prokrastinasi akademik, serta tes hasil belajar matematika.  Tes hasil belajar matematika yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar matematika pada penilaian akhir semester (PAS). Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi ganda didahukui dengan melakukan uji asumsi klasik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan: 1) adanya pengaruh positif secara signifikan kemampuan metakognisi terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa; 2) adanya pengaruh negatif secara signifikan prokrastinasi akademik terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa; 3) adanya pengaruh signifikan kemampuan metakognisi dan prokrastinasi akademik secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa melalui Pendekatan Open-Ended dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Fitriyani Gita Dwi
Published: August 2021

Kemampuan representasi matematis diperlukan dalam proses pemecahan masalah, akan tetapi kemampuan representasi matematis siswa SMA masih rendah. Sehingga diperlukan pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) Mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika setelah menggunakan pendekatan open-ended dengan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan konvensional dan 2) Mengetahui respon siswa terhadap penerapan pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan open-ended. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMA Negeri 2 Padalarang kelas X. Berdasarkan saran dari guru matematika, dipergunakan dua kelas sebagai sampel satu kelas sebagai kelas kontrol dan satu kelas lainnya sebagai kelas eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah desain kelompok kontrol pretes-postes. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes dan instrumen non tes berupa angket, lembar observasi, serta jurnal harian siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan open-ended lebih baik daripada dengan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan konvensional 2) Sebagian besar siswa menunjukkan sikap positif terhadap pembelajaran open-ended dan menunjukkan sikap setuju terhadap pembelajaran open-ended untuk meningkatkan kemampuan representasi matematis.
The mediating role of security and privacy on the relationship between customer interface features and e-word of mouth marketing
Authors: YÜRÜK-KAYAPINAR Pınar
Published: August 2021

Recent developments in technology have led to an increase in Internet usage by consumers and businesses. This study examines the relationships between customer interface features, security and privacy, electronic word of mouth marketing and online purchasing intentions. In order to examine these relationships, a total of 438 consumers were reached from Edirne, Tekirdağ and Kırklareli provinces by using the convenience sampling method. According to the research aim, consumers who made purchases via e-commerce sites were selected, and data were collected by interviewing these people face to face. In order to analyze the collected data, first explanatory and confirmatory factor analyzes were applied and then the hypotheses were tested with the structural equation model. According to the results, customization and character directly affect security and privacy, whereas interaction, character, and customization directly affect electronic word of mouth marketing. Thus, security and privacy have a significant direct effect on the electronic mouth of mouth marketing, while customization has a significant direct effect on online purchasing intention. In addition, customization and character significantly affect electronic word of mouth marketing through the mediating role of security and privacy.