bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prioritizing Shipyard Conversion Requirements Regarding Green Ship and Green Shipyard Concept
Authors: Koray Murat
Published: November 2023

The zero waste, zero emission targets set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) regarding ship emissions until 2070 brought the realization of the green ship and green shipyard concept to the fore. Shipyards around the world are predominantly second and third generation. The fourth and fifth-generation shipyards do not fully meet the 2070 criteria. Therefore, it is necessary to build green shipyards or transform existing shipyards to produce green ships. The study aims to determine the shipyards' conversion requirements and prioritize these needs so that a 32.000 DWT Dry Bulk Carrier can be built and classified as a green ship. Qualitative research methods were used in the study, and the criteria determined in this context are analyzed with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). At the end of the study, the proposals regarding the transformation strategies of green shipyards have been developed.
Elections turnout as an expression of the will of the people to participate in the vote
Authors: Kravchenko Oleg Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2023

The subject of the study is the turnout of citizens to vote and the legal consequences associated with it. The problem lies in the different understanding of democracy, namely, what is meant by the majority of votes when making a political decision. There are three approaches: the decision should be considered adopted if the majority of citizens eligible to vote for it; the decision should be considered adopted if the majority of those who took part in the voting voted for it and at least fifty percent of citizens from the total number of citizens eligible to vote participated in the voting; the decision should be considered adopted if the majority of citizens who took part in the voting voted for and the percentage of citizens who voted out of the total number of citizens eligible to vote does not matter. The main conclusions of the study are: the electoral legislation distinguishes between two approaches to determining the turnout of citizens – the number of citizens who came to vote and the number of citizens who voted; the expression of will during voting can be active and silent (the silent expression of will of citizens, i.e. non-participation in voting, is not always indifferent, but can take into account the assessment of the political situation in the time of a particular vote); to determine the impact of the turnout of citizens on the reliability of determining the will of the people, first of all, it is necessary to distinguish between the actual and predicted turnout of citizens; by itself, the turnout of citizens does not affect the reliability of determining the will of the people (the reliability of determining the will of the people (the reliability of the will to make a political decision), as well as the turnout of citizens (the reliability of the will to participate in voting) is influenced by the conditions of voting, which must be guaranteed.
"Black" and "white" in German Expressionist Films
Authors: Popova Liana Vladimirovna
Published: November 2023

The subject of research of this article is the work of German expressionist directors. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that expressionists had a great influence on the entire cinema in the field of light and shadow discovery. In Soviet science, this issue received little attention. Researchers are currently addressing the topic of expressionism, but the issue of light-shadow ratio is not well understood. The purpose of the study is to show the importance of the discovery of German expressionists in the field of light and shadow, their influence on world cinema, as well as the influence of Soviet directors on German expressionists in the field of editing. The novelty of this study is to study the ratio of light and shadow in expressionists, as well as to identify the influence of Soviet directors on German expressionists in the field of editing. These aspects remain poorly understood. This study uses an integrated approach. Comparative, phenomenological, intertextual methods are used in their combination and complementarity. The main conclusions of this study are about the discovery of German expressionists in the field of light and shadow, their influence on world cinema, as well as the influence of Soviet directors on German expressionists. Films performed in the tradition of expressionists often have commercial success.
Associations of artists of the beginning of the XXI century in the context of the development of the artistic life of St. Petersburg
Authors: Ding Zhiwei
Published: November 2023

The activity of modern art associations, creative unions and art groups of professional artists of St. Petersburg is currently a little-studied and debatable issue. The specifics of St. Petersburg communities of this kind are closely connected with the traditions of the local art school and at the same time innovative, and sometimes are radical creative searches of their representatives. Such a combination leads to the formation of a diverse, but heterogeneous and mobile cultural space of the city on St. Petersburg. To understand its specifics, it is necessary to analyze the structure, composition and content of the work of the artistic associations of St. Petersburg, relevant for the beginning of the XXI century. In modern St. Petersburg, the process of forming art associations of various formations continues, which contributes to the development of fine art and the approval of its main forms, themes and genres. The main contribution of this research is to identify the main reasons for the creation of "young" creative associations whose activities are not related to the work of the Union of Artists of Russia, as well as to highlight the processes of their involvement in the cultural life of the city. It has been established that the "young" creative associations are characterized by unity of ideological and stylistic views and concepts, as well as a very flexible nature that allows them to be actively involved in the artistic life of St. Petersburg and the whole of Russia, to participate in the most diverse projects.
Genesis of tax administration tools for "whitewashing the economy"
Authors: Shemyakina Marina Sergeevna
Published: November 2023

The subject of the study is tax relations that arise in the process of interaction between tax authorities and taxpayers and are aimed at inducing the latter to pay taxes and fees established by law. The evolution of tax administration tools for "whitewashing" sectors of the economy and individual objects is considered. In accordance with the content of the tools used, a classification was made into five stages of development: the period of formation and development of tax control; the period of creation of the concept of the taxpayer behavior management system; the period of introduction of new digital technologies that make it possible to identify the latent tax base; a period of increasing the efficiency of using tax administration tools aimed at motivating taxpayers to voluntarily pay taxes and use prices in transactions; the period of development of tax administration tools for the "whitewashing" of individual objects of taxation, including by individual taxpayers, the further development of the Federal Tax Service as a "digital service". The scientific novelty of the study is the development of theoretical provisions in terms of analyzing the historical development of tax administration tools for "whitewashing the economy". The definition of the concept of tax administration tools for "whitewashing" sectors of the economy and individual objects is given; the author's classification of tax administration tools for "whitewashing" economic sectors and individual objects is given, which are divided into 4 groups: the introduction of innovative technology that improves the quality of tax administration; regulation of industries and markets; strengthening tax control over individuals; identification of "mass" tax evasion schemes. An analysis of the algorithm for creating and implementing industry projects has been made.
Legal aspects of tax payments by a third party
Authors: Chernyshenko Ilya Gennad'evich
Published: November 2023

In this article the author highlights the legislative changes of 2016 related to the nature of fulfilment of the tax obligation. Taking into account many doctrinal positions, both advantages and legal problems concerning the mechanism of tax payment by another person are given. The purpose of this study is to assess the necessity and effectiveness of the legislator's assumption of non-personal fulfilment of tax obligation. The author concludes that it is necessary to take various measures that contribute to levelling the risks associated with non-personal fulfilment of tax liability. When writing the article such methods as theoretical-predictive, formal-legal, system-structural and method of legal modelling were used. The novelty of this article lies in the fact that it provides an extensive analysis of the study of non-personal fulfilment of tax liability, drawing attention to its advantages and disadvantages for both taxpayers and tax authorities. Also an aspect of the novelty of the article is the measures proposed by the author aimed at optimising the process of non-personal enforcement of tax liability. The main conclusion of the article is that to date there is no single legal means for the return of erroneously paid tax payments in the case when the payment is made by a third party. The author emphasises the urgent need for further work of the legislator in this direction in order to improve the legal mechanism of taxation in this part, as well as to ensure the protection of taxpayers' interests.
On the issue of classification of special equipment of internal affairs bodies
Authors: Baumtrog Viktor Etmontovich , Es'kov Aleksandr Vasil'evich
Published: November 2023

The subject of the study is the classification of special equipment of the internal affairs bodies, the grounds for its classification, the requirements for the names of groups of equipment. The object of the study is the normative legal acts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, containing information about the concept of "special equipment of internal affairs bodies", about its division into groups reflecting the system of scientific and technical information adopted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as well as scientific works devoted to classification as a method of scientific research, educational literature in this subject area. Using scientific methods of cognition, such as induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, classification, the authors discuss the concepts of "special", "technique", "special technique of internal affairs bodies", contradictions in regulatory legal acts reflecting the classification of the above-mentioned technique. The novelty of the study lies in clarifying the concept of "special equipment of internal affairs bodies", identifying criteria for attributing technical means to this group. The choice of a universal basis for classification, such as the purpose of technology, is justified. The division of special equipment of internal affairs bodies into groups has been carried out and their names corresponding to the terminology of state standards and departmental regulatory legal acts have been proposed. The main result of the work is the development of a draft structure of the List of samples (complexes, systems) of special equipment accepted for the supply of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to supplement its content with the sections "Special equipment", "Conventional equipment", "Equipment" and adjust the name.
Judicial practice and its unity: problems of definition and ways of their solution
Authors: Kripinevich Svetlana Sergeevna
Published: November 2023

Emphasizing the importance of judicial practice, the author notes that based on the results of the assessment of various aspects of judicial practice, conclusions are drawn about trends in judicial activity, about the effectiveness of procedural legislation, legislation defining the rules for the formation and functioning of the judicial system, as well as other legal acts, about the level of legality in judicial activity, as well as in the activities of pre-trial proceedings (for example, in the field of criminal justice), ensuring the rights of the individual and on many other issues. Particular attention is paid in the article to the definition of the very concept of "judicial practice", based on the identified characteristic features that allowed to reveal its essence and formulate a definition. The study also draws a correlation between "general applicability" and such concepts as "unity of judicial practice" and "uniformity of judicial practice". In his research , the author comes to the following conclusions: 1. Judicial practice is a set of any procedural acts created in the course or as a result of judicial activity. Judicial practice should include both court decisions (final or interim) and protocols of judicial actions, as well as other documents that may become the basis for the occurrence of legally important consequences. 2. General applicability is considered as the possibility of using the results of one judicial body by other courts in their procedural activities. 3. The unity of judicial practice is considered as a property that is not inherent in judicial practice by definition, but it is a necessary quality that is subject to formation in judicial practice by taking appropriate measures on the part of the authorized judicial body
Dramatism of Cossack life in the works of F. Kryukov
Authors: Gao Han
Published: November 2023

The research is aimed at analyzing the works of Fyodor Kryukov, in which he describes Cossack life. We explore the dramatic aspects of this topic, including the internal conflicts of the characters, the sociocultural aspects of Cossack life and its influence on the fate of the heroes. The Cossacks have unique values and traditions, which shape the characteristics of dramatic events. The works of F. Kryukov are deeply concerned with the psychology of the characters, which makes the drama more intense. The structure of the works, the author's style and the use of literary means to convey the drama of Cossack life will also be considered. The works of F. Kryukov leave a significant mark on literary history. This study is original in that it attempts a deep analysis of the drama of Cossack life and its expression in the works of F. Kryukov. Previous studies of Cossack folklore and literature have focused on the general features of Cossack culture, but our study focuses on moments of dramatic tension and personal conflict, which represents a new research approach to the work of F. Kryukov and Cossack themes in literature in general. By analyzing specific aspects of drama, we are able to more deeply understand how Kryukov conveyed the complex emotional and moral aspects of Cossack life in his works. In a study on the drama of Cossack life in the works of F. Kryukov, the following conclusions were found: drama occupies a central position in the works.
Formation of the Street Art Discourse by private institutions: on the example of the Inloco Foundation
Authors: Kuzovenkova Yuliya Alexandrovna
Published: November 2023

The subject of this study is the process of entering the art world of a new object – the art of the street wave. Based on the method of discursive analysis proposed by M. Foucault, an attempt is made to determine through which discursive utterances the subjects of the art world form the discourse of street wave art, as well as how the field of utterances is organized. The subject whose activity is being investigated is the St. Petersburg Inloco Foundation, which focuses in its work on artists whose creative career has a street background. The article describes the characteristics of what can be conceptualized as a statement in the activities of the Foundation, and also describes how the field of these statements is organized. In the course of the study, the forms of sequences, forms of coexistence and intervention procedures were considered. It was revealed that the experience of street creativity of representatives of the art of the street wave is being modified under the influence of discursive practices of the field of contemporary art. It is noted that the art of the street wave exists at the junction of two fields – the field of graffiti and the field of institutionalized art. It is concluded that the borderline position of street wave art allows it to expand the field of contemporary art due to the fact that it was once in the field of "non-art", was extracted by the subjects of the art world from the sphere of everyday life and endowed with the status of a candidate for evaluation.
The Estonian Language and Its Influence on Music: A Cognitive Sciences Approach
Authors:   Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre, Jõks Eerik , Raju Marju ,   Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre
Published: November 2023

Musicology may seem a specific small sector of humanitarian scholarship to the layman, but it hides variety within from highly theoretical subjects such as music theory to the fieldwork with indigenous repertoires and their performance, as found in ethnomusicology. There is a shift in contemporary musicology, its focus moving more towards studies of musical performances and the use of empirical study designs to complement the analysis of musical scores. These interdisciplinary empirical studies cross the border of humanitarian scholarship and apply the methods of the natural sciences, for example spectrogram analysis of singing and the measurement of the temporal structure of recorded music. The cognitive sciences of music (CSM) can be looked at as an umbrella term for branches of musicology that use empirical research methods and draw their research questions from music related individual and group processes. One of the major topics of CSM relates to research in linguistics. Music and language, as well as speech, are closely linked as the human voice is a natural part of vocal music and is considered a quintessential element in musical thinking, vocal and instrumental alike. The music–language–speech relationship intrigues Estonian musicologists as research questions focusing on related topics arise in different fields of musicology, including natural settings and functional songs (musical development, spontaneous singing, runosong, ecclesiastical singing) to the vocal art music performed by professional singers (some chronological examples: Ross & Lehiste 2001; Raju 2015; Lippus & Ross 2017; Jõks 2021; Vurma et al. 2022). The purpose of this referative overview article is to introduce a selection of previous research and discuss the results. The endeavour of the authors is to find an abstract common denominator of selected CSM research projects to establish the most estimable useful knowledge that Estonian CSM has to offer to the international scholarly community, as well as to follow-up research in Estonia. Although we can see the results of that support, and we can see the universal perception and cognitive processes of language and music in Estonian research, there are also several interesting prosodic-musical differences relating to the fact that Estonian belongs to the Uralic language family, more specifically Western Finnish language group. Indo-Germanic (mainly German, Russian, Latin, Italian, and English) language related prosody and singing culture does not necessarily support the natural language usage and therefore represses emotional and spontaneous involvement in singing. It seems that in the process in which Estonian scholars deal with their distinctive mother tongue, indigenous musical repertoires, and idiomatic singing, intuition – more precisely a scholarly intuition –, might play an important role.
Multilingualism in Estonian Poetry
Authors:   University of Tartu, Estonia, Linno Saara Lotta , Lukas Liina ,   University of Tartu, Estonia
Published: November 2023

Apart from Estonian, some other languages – from local dialects to major languages such as German and Russian – have usually also been spoken on the territory of Estonia. As a result, the literary culture of the local (small) language evolved in close contact with some foreign literatures and cultures. However, there is still no thorough analysis of how the historical change in the linguistic situation manifests itself in Estonian literature. Our article aims to draw attention to the multilingual nature of the Estonian literary field by giving a historical survey of the relations, contacts, and intertwining of the languages used in Estonian poetry from the 17th century to the present. To reflect the multiple facets of multilingualism revealed in poetry we mainly use a four-level approach partly based on Jaan Undusk’s typology of Estonian–German cultural contacts, adding the literary field as the level covering whatever is left. Thus, we treat multilingualism as a phenomenon observable within a language, text, author, and literary field. In terms of this study, intralinguistic multilingualism means language mixing in otherwise monolingual poetry, while intratextual multilingualism refers to abrupt transitions from one language to another (code-switching) within a text, and author multilingualism assumes a multilingual poet. Apart from the phenomena just mentioned, multilingualism within literature covers literary subfields in different language variants (for example literature created in South Estonian or Russian, but on Estonian territory). First, we will survey multilingualism in Estonia poetry before the Republic of Estonian was established in 1918, concluding that because German was the major cultural language up to the beginning of the 20th century, all poets, whatever their ethnicity, must have been fluent in two (or more) languages. The second period analysed spans the 20th century. The local Estonian poetry of the Soviet period stands out, with a few exceptions, for consistent use of Estonian, while some expatriate poets would also use English or Swedish. Third, we analyse contemporary poetry, where multilingualism is manifested not only by the use of local minority languages but also through intertwinings with English, Chinese or Japanese, thus giving evidence of an open society. Based on the picture emerging from the article we can say that apart from a historical overview, the multilingualism of Estonian poetry also needs closer poetic analysis.
Developmental Changes in Acoustic Characteristics of Speech of Estonian Adolescents
Authors:   Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia, Meister Einar , Meister Lya ,   Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia
Published: November 2023

The paper introduces the Estonian Adolescent Speech Corpus and explores the developmental changes in speech production based on acoustic characteristics of fundamental frequency (F0), formant frequencies, and speech tempo as a function of age and gender. Age- and gender-related anatomic changes in adolescence have implications for speech acoustics: a sudden drop of F0 at puberty in boys, and an almost gradual decrease of the acoustic vowels space. In parallel with anatomic changes, the development of the speech motor system is manifested as the increase of speaking rate. The analysis of fundamental frequency (F0) shows that in both male and female speakers, the F0 decreases gradually at the age from 9 to 12 years, then in males F0 drops ca by 100 Hz at the age of 12–15 due to puberty voice change, and becomes stable at the age of 15–18; in female speakers, a gradual decrease of F0 continues till the age 18. The formant frequencies of vowels decrease gradually from 10 to 15 years in both genders and the quality of vowels stabilizes at the age of 15–18 years, gender-specific differences emerge at the age of 12–13. Speech rate increases from 4 syllables per second in 9–10 years to 5.1 syllables per second in 14 years and becomes stable between the ages of 15 and 18, gender differences are not significant. The results of the current study can be considered as reference data that are typical for Estonian-speaking individuals aged 9–18 years with normal language development.
A comparison of vehicle emissions control strategies for smart cities
Authors: Tripp-Barba Carolina , Barbecho Pablo , Urquiza Luis , Aguilar-Calderón José Alfonso
Published: November 2023

Many studies have shown that air quality in cities is affected due to emissions of carbon from vehicles. As a result, policymakers (e.g., municipalities) intensely search for new ways to reduce air pollution due to its relation to health diseases. With this concern, connected vehicle technologies can leverage alternative on-road emissions control policies. The present investigation studies the impact on air pollution by (i) updating vehicles’ routes to avoid pollution exposure (route choice policy), (ii) updating vehicles’ speed limits (speed control policy), and (iii) considering electric vehicles (EVs). Vehicles are informed in advance about route conditions (i.e., on-road emissions) using the vehicular network. We found that by updating vehicle routes, 7.43% less CO emissions are produced within the evaluated region. Also, we find no evidence of significant emissions reductions in the case of limiting vehicles’ speed. Lastly, with 30% of EV penetration, safe CO emissions levels are reached.
Isolation of soil bacteria able to degrade the anthelminthic compound albendazole
Authors: Lagos Stathis , Koutroutsiou Kalliopi , Karpouzas Dimitrios G.
Published: November 2023

Anthelmintic (AHs) veterinary drugs constitute major environmental contaminants. The use of AH-contaminated fecal material as manures in agricultural settings constitutes their main route of environmental dispersal. Once in soils, these compounds induce toxic effects to soil fauna and soil microbiota, both having a pivotal role in soil ecosystem functioning. Therefore, it is necessary to identify mitigation strategies to restrict the environmental dispersal of AHs. Bioaugmentation of AH-contaminated manures or soils with specialized microbial inocula constitutes a promising remediation strategy. In the present study, we aimed to isolate microorganisms able to actively transform the most widely used benzimidazole anthelminthic albendazole (ABZ). Enrichment cultures in minimal growth media inoculated with a soil known to exhibit rapid degradation of ABZ led to the isolation of two bacterial cultures able to actively degrade ABZ. Two oxidative products of ABZ, ABZSO and ABZSO2, were detected at low amounts along its degradation. This suggested that the oxidation of ABZ is not a major transformation process in the isolated bacteria which most probably use other biotic pathways to degrade ABZ leading to the formation of products not monitored in this study. Full length sequencing of their 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis assigned both strains to the genus Acinetobacter. The sequences were submitted in GeneBank NCBI, database with the accession numbers OP604271 to OP604273. Further studies will employ omic tools to identify the full transformation pathway and the associated genetic network of Acinetobacter isolates, information that will unlock the potential use of these isolates in the bioaugmentation of contaminated manures.
#DeOlhoNosCorais: a polygonal annotated dataset to optimize coral monitoring
Authors: Furtado Daniel P. , Vieira Edson A. , Nascimento Wildna Fernandes , Inagaki Kelly Y. , Bleuel Jessica , Alves Marco Antonio Zanata , Longo Guilherme O. , Oliveira Luiz S.
Published: November 2023

Corals are colonial animals within the Phylum Cnidaria that form coral reefs, playing a significant role in marine environments by providing habitat for fish, mollusks, crustaceans, sponges, algae, and other organisms. Global climate changes are causing more intense and frequent thermal stress events, leading to corals losing their color due to the disruption of a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic endosymbionts. Given the importance of corals to the marine environment, monitoring coral reefs is critical to understanding their response to anthropogenic impacts. Most coral monitoring activities involve underwater photographs, which can be costly to generate on large spatial scales and require processing and analysis that may be time-consuming. The Marine Ecology Laboratory (LECOM) at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) developed the project “#DeOlhoNosCorais” which encourages users to post photos of coral reefs on their social media (Instagram) using this hashtag, enabling people without previous scientific training to contribute to coral monitoring. The laboratory team identifies the species and gathers information on coral health along the Brazilian coast by analyzing each picture posted on social media. To optimize this process, we conducted baseline experiments for image classification and semantic segmentation. We analyzed the classification results of three different machine learning models using the Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm. The best results were achieved by combining EfficientNet for feature extraction and Logistic Regression for classification. Regarding semantic segmentation, the U-Net Pix2Pix model produced a pixel-level accuracy of 86%. Our results indicate that this tool can enhance image selection for coral monitoring purposes and open several perspectives for improving classification performance. Furthermore, our findings can be expanded by incorporating other datasets to create a tool that streamlines the time and cost associated with analyzing coral reef images across various regions.
Plan de comunicación Estratégica Cencosud, Shopping Centers
Authors:   , Koscina Saguez Vilensko
Published: November 2023

Cencosud Shopping forma parte del Grupo Cencosud, que tiene una amplia trayectoria en el desarrollo de centros comerciales en la región. Actualmente, tiene más de 55 años de historia y se posiciona como el segundo operador de centros comerciales en el país, siendo propietario y operador de 33 centros comerciales con ubicaciones privilegiadas, con una dotación de 500 trabajadores. Nuestro diagnóstico basado en la ejecución de diferentes herramientas, arrojó que, a pesar de los buenos indicadores económicos y proyecciones, la organización evidencia un débil posicionamiento de la identidad corporativa en sus colaboradores directos. Los nuevos liderazgos por sucesión familiar han causado confusión en los trabajadores respecto a la hoja de ruta; y tras la llegada de los mismos, se han anunciado cambios que no han sido informados de manera adecuada y oportuna a los trabajadores, provocándoles incertidumbre. En ese sentido, el presente informe plantea una hoja de ruta para que los trabajadores conozcan lo que es Cencosud Shopping Centers y se identifiquen con la nueva identidad de la empresa. Reconocer e instalar elementos de orgullo que fortalezcan esa identidad será clave.
Sex-dependent differences on the impact of anti-inflammatory treatment in the progression of coronary artery disease in a murine model of lethal ischemic heart disease induced by diet
Authors:   , Parra Núñez Laura Macarena
Published: November 2023

Cardiovascular risk differs significantly between adult men and women. Therefore, it is expected that different treatments may affect both groups differently. We aim to compare sexdependent differences on survival and systemic inflammation in response to anti-inflammatory treatment using a diet-induced myocardial infarction mouse model. Method. Male and female SR-B1−/−ApoER61h/h mice, aged 2-3 months, were randomly assigned into two groups: Control (HFD-Control) and minocycline (HFD-MIN). Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding an atherogenic diet (15% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholate). Minocycline was administered in the drinking water at a dose of 0.05 mg/mL. Female mice had a slightly better survival than male mice when fed an HFD (p=0.12). Minocycline improved survival in male by 35% (p=0.006) and by 33% in female p=0.01), without affecting total cholesterol levels. Male mice fed with HFD tended to have higher IL-6 levels than female mice (p=0.08). Minocycline significantly reduced IL-6 levels (p=0.04) and Ly6Chigh (p=0.006) and increased the Ly6Clow subset (p=0.006). Male and female fed with HFD clustered in different groups by analyzing inflammatory parameters by PCA; however, after minocycline intervention, were indistinguishable. High fat diet decreased survival and caused early death in this animal model, however, females had slightly better survival than male mice. Minocycline treatment improved survival in both groups although it did not affect their cholesterol levels. Males showed higher inflammatory serum biomarkers than females, and minocycline treatment showed a higher impact on systemic anti-inflammation in male mice than female, by reducing plasma IL-6 levels and shifting toward a more "reparative" phenotype on circulating monocyte subsets.
Research on Implementation of Application Consciousness Literacy in Junior High School Mathematics Classroom Instruction
Authors: Ma Xiaofan , Yang Zezhong
Published: November 2023

The Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standard (2022 Edition) proposes that the junior high school mathematics curriculum should cultivate students' mathematical application consciousness literacy in China. The classroom is the main position for students to learn mathematical knowledge, so how to better implement the cultivation of junior high school students' mathematical application consciousness literacy in classroom teaching is a key issue we need to study. This paper adopts the method of theoretical research. The first part explains the research questions. The second part analyzes the characteristics based on the connotation and requirements of application consciousness literacy. The third part analyzes the current situation of junior high school mathematics teaching. The fourth part puts forward the following training strategies to promote the implementation of application consciousness literacy: 1. Adopting a rich variety of teaching methods to stimulate the students' interest in learning; 2. Tapping into the connection between mathematical knowledge and real life to cultivate the students' mathematical vision; 3. Implementing interdisciplinary teaching to establish the connection between different disciplines; 4. Creating practical situations to enable students to form a learning style that combines theory and practice. The fifth part summarizes the full text.
Weaning Habits and Nutritional Status Determinants among under-5 Children in Nigeria
Authors: Amoran Olorunfemi E.  , Adebayo Omowunmi T.  , James Mautin G. , Sodehinde Kolawole O.  , Ekundayo Adeola A.  , Salako Albert A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: High household income may not guarantee a satisfactory nutritional outcome of the children if households are lacking of care, dietary quality and health care access. Malnutrition will persist despite rapid income growth if more effective approach to combat the problem is absent. This study was carried out to determine the influence of correct feeding habits on the nutritional status among under-fives in an urban city in southwestern Nigeria.

Methodology: This was a community based, cross-sectional, descriptive study, investigations such as dietary survey, anthropometry and clinical examination were done. A multistage sampling technique was used in the study. Data were collected via pretested, close ended, interviewer administered questionnaire. The questionnaires obtained from the study were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 20) software program.

Results: A total of 407 participants with the mean age of 26.58 ± 10.10 months were recruited into the study. Exclusive breastfeeding was practiced by 39.8 % of the mothers. About 56.5% of the mothers reported having given their babies the first milk (colostrum). The mean age of weaning off breast was 7.4 ±1.5 months. Immunization coverage among the respondents were BCG- 82.1%, Oral polio= 81.3%, Pentavalent [DPT 3] = 87.2% and Measles=88.7%. The mid upper arm circumference revealed 30(55.6%) of male were at greater risk of malnutrition than female 24(44.4%), while 45(56.1%) of males had severe malnutrition. Mean head circumference for age Z-score test between boys and girls in age group 13 to 24 months [p=0.009, C.I= -0.27-0.19] and 25 to 36 months were significant statistically (p =0.003, - 0.35-0.22). The value for age group 37-48 months was p=0.53, C.I= 0.015-0.59 and p=0.57, C.I= 2.59-1.70 for 49-60 months was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:  This study has shown that the mean age of weaning was 7.4 ±1.5 months.  It also reported the mean values of head circumference to be significantly lower among girls than boys below 36 months and this may have developmental and nutritional implications in Nigeria and other African countries.
Challenges and Strategies of Western Football Coaches in the Glocalized Context of Chinese Youth Football: An Exploration of Cross-Cultural Competence
Authors: Chen Guanzheng
Published: November 2023

In the rapidly globalizing world of football, China's youth football landscape presents unique challenges for Western coaches trying to integrate their techniques. This research delves deep into the intersection of Western football coaching methodologies and China's intricate cultural and athletic fabric. Utilizing a qualitative research paradigm, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews, the study highlights profound barriers, encompassing not just language but also deeper cultural, epistemological, and training philosophical differences. Beyond merely identifying challenges, the research underscores the importance of strategies like cultural immersion, active participation in local events, and collaborative workshops. These strategies not only bridge the technical and linguistic gaps but also foster mutual respect, shared learning, and deeper integration. This study, while rooted in China's context, contributes to the broader discourse on sports globalization, emphasizing the necessity for coaches to be globally aware yet locally sensitive. It culminates in providing both rich theoretical insights and actionable recommendations for crafting a harmonized, effective cross-cultural coaching paradigm in China and other culturally distinct regions.
Anthelmintic Potential of Vernonia amygdalina on Toxocara canis in Domesticated Dogs
Authors: Eka Adams, , Emmanuel Ekott,
Published: November 2023

Toxocariasis is a worldwide zoonotic parasitic infection and one route of preventing the disease in dogs and subsequent transmission to humans, especially children, is through treatment with anthelmintic. A study aimed at assessing the anthelmintic efficacy of Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract on Toxocara canis in domesticated dogs was carried out where the proximate and phytochemical components of the leaf extract were determined using the standard method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, the anthelmintic efficacy was assessed in vitro and in vivo respectively. The study revealed that this plant contained alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and steroids. Lethal concentration (LC50) of 14.83ml/mg at 12 hours and a percentage egg reduction of 84% after 2 weeks was recorded, which revealed that the plant leaves have anthelmintic potential and this could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids which are associated with the treatment of gastric infections and also n-Hexadecanoic acid which accounts for it anthelmintic (nematicidal) effect, alongside Octadecanoic acid which is an anti-inflammatory compound.
Enzymase Activity of Gut Microbes Isolated from the Rugose Spiraling Whitefly Aleurodicus rugioperculatus
Authors: Ameer Pasha, B.  , Muthuraju, R.  , Sivakumar G.
Published: November 2023

This study investigated the enzymatic diversity among various bacterial isolates of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus), shedding light on their potential industrial applications. Notably, Bacillus cereus (MRSW01) exhibited remarkable amylase and lipase activities, aligning with its reputation as a prominent amylase producer. These enzymes are crucial in the food industry, particularly in starch and lipid degradation processes. Pseudomonas helleri (CHRSW028) demonstrated substantial cellulase activity, essential for breaking down cellulose in plant materials, suggesting its relevance in biofuel production and waste management. Pseudomonas psychrophila (CRSW024) stood out with the highest pectinase and significant lipase activities, both of which find applications in the food and textile industries and the hydrolysis of fats and oils, respectively.  Proteus vulgaris strains MRSW05 and CHRSW02 displayed significant amylase, cellulase, and protease activities, making them versatile candidates for various industrial applications, including detergent formulations and bioremediation processes. Conversely, Hafnia paralvei exhibited comparatively lower enzymatic activities, indicating limited industrial potential. The rich enzymatic diversity within these bacterial isolates and highlight their potential contributions to various industrial sectors, ranging from food and textiles to biofuel production and waste management. Such insights can inform the development of biotechnological applications and processes, ultimately benefitting both industrial and environmental domains.
Evaluation of Bio Dynamic Compost and Bio Dynamic Compost Wash on Growth and Yield of Rice
Authors: Shukla Arvind Kumar , Singh Ram Ratan , Mishra Tripti , Tripathi Kaushlendra Mani , Shukla Shwetank , Singh Subedar
Published: November 2023

The present investigation, was conducted in the Kharif of 2021–2022 at the Student's Instructional Farm at the A.N.D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design, replicated thrice, having 8 treatments i.e. T1 (Absolute Control), T2 (Bio dynamic compost 1q/ha + 50 % RDF), T3 (Bio dynamic compost 2 q/ha + 50 % RDF), T4 (T2 + Root dipping with Bio dynamic compost wash 10 ml/ lit of water), T5 (T3 + Root dipping with Bio dynamic wash 10 ml/lit of water), T6 (T2 + foliar application of Bio dynamic compost wash of 10 ml/10 lit of water), T7 (T3 +foliar application of Bio dynamic compost wash of 10 ml/ lit of water), T8 (100 % RDF. Result revealed that the highest growth attributes viz., Plant height (cm), maximum dry matter accumulation, highest number of tiller (m-2), Panicle length (cm), number of grain per panicle and test weight (gm), maximum grain yield (q ha-1), highest straw yield, maximum biological yield (q ha-1) and maximum harvest index (q ha-1) was recorded significantly over rest of the treatments in T7 (T3 +foliar application of Bio dynamic compost wash of 10 ml/ lit of water) while it recorded lowest in in T1 (absolute control) during the investigation.
Tamarind Cultivation, Value-Added Products and Their Health Benefits: A Review
Authors: Vikram Balaji , Gautam Dharmendra Kumar , Rahul  , Yadav Harish Chandra , Gaurha Aditya , Kumar Vikas , Omer Sumita , Chawla Ritik
Published: November 2023

Tamarind a highly versatile and underutilized crop, possesses immense potential as both a fruit and a condiment. Predominantly cultivated in peninsular India, its commercial growth remains limited to this region. Conversely, in other parts of the country, tamarind is commonly grown as an avenue tree or within homestead gardens. Unfortunately, its true value is often underestimated despite its delightful blend of sour and sweet flavors. Moreover, tamarind is a nutritional powerhouse, abundant in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Its climate-hardy nature allows it to thrive even in adverse environmental conditions and diverse soil types. Notably, tamarind trees exhibit unique flowering and fruiting patterns, with flowering occurring during the summer season and fruiting transpiring in either early summer or late winter. This distinctive growth cycle makes tamarind a valuable and consistent resource for various applications. Through meticulous processing, tamarind can be transformed into an array of valuable products such as jams, pickles candies and beverages. In the comprehensive review ahead, we intend to shed light on the significant aspects encompassing the importance, cultivation and extensive processing of tamarind, fostering a deeper understanding of its multifaceted potential and benefits.
Effects of Health Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Community Pharmacists in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Osagie Churchhill O. , Nnebue Chinomnso C. , Ezenyeaku Chijioke A. , Okolie Martin N. , Nwafia Abuchi E. , Udigwe Ifeoma B. , Nwabueze Achunam S. , Ubajaka Chika F.
Published: November 2023

Background: Poor reportage of adverse drug reaction has been linked o. increase in morbidity, mortality and economic burden of diseases and health related conditions.

Objective: To determine the effects of health education on knowledge, attitude and practice of adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting among community pharmacists practicing in Anambra State.

Methods: This interventional study was conducted among Community Pharmacists in Anambra State. Simple random samp\ling technique was used. Pre-tested, semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on respondents’ socio-demographics, knowledge of, attitude to and practice of ADR reporting Associations between variables were tested using Chi-square and Binary logistic regression at 5% level of significance. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 46.5±11.2 years. Post intervention result shows that there was an increase in knowledge of ADR reporting in the intervention group from 52% to 95.3%. There was a decrease in knowledge of ADRs reporting in the control group from 47.3% to44.7%. There was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group on their attitude towards ADR reporting (p<0.05). Only 26.7% of the test group had filled a spontaneous reporting ADR form prior to this study compared to 18% from the control group and is associated with the effect of health education intervention.

Conclusions: There was underreporting of ADRs, associated with gaps in the knowledge, attitude and practice among the community pharmacists studied. There is need for focused continuous health education interventions on ADR reporting among them.
Estimation of a Shape Parameter of a Gompertz-lindley Distribution Using Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood Methods
Authors: Eraikhuemen Innocent Boyle , Asongo Abraham Iorkaa , Umar Adamu Abubakar , Ibrahim Isa Abubakar
Published: November 2023

The Gompertz-Lindley distribution is an extension of the Lindley distribution with three parameters. It was found to be more flexible for modeling real life events. The distribution contains two shape parameters and a scale parameter. Despite the necessity of parameter estimation theory in modeling, it has not been shown that a method of estimation method is better for any of these three parameters of the Gompertz-Lindley distribution. This paper identifies the best estimation method for the shape parameter of the Gompertz-Lindley distribution by deriving Bayesian estimators for the shape parameter of the distribution using two non-informative prior distributions (Uniform and Jeffery) and an informative prior (gamma) under squared error loss function (SELF), quadratic loss function (QLF) and precautionary loss function (PLF). These estimators were evaluated and the results compared with the maximum likelihood estimation method using Monte Carlo simulations with the mean square error (MSE) as a criterion for choosing the best estimator.