bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The value of news: A gender gap in paying for news
Authors: John Emma , Lee Jee Young , Park Sora
Published: July 2022

The factors that impact audiences’ willingness to pay for news have received much attention over the last decade given a steady decline in advertising revenues and online news outlets attempting to diversify their revenue streams. Drawing on an online survey of 2034 news consumers in Australia, the study examined gender differences in the value of the news as a predictor of willingness to pay for news. The results revealed significant gender differences. Perceptions of sufficient and fair coverage of their gender affected women’s willingness to pay, but not men’s. Women are more likely to pay for news when they believe that women are fairly covered. On the other hand, women are more likely to pay for news if they perceive an under- or overrepresentation of women in news. This study provides important implications for news industry and journalism practices, evidencing the significance of fair gender representation to the economic value of news.
Who’s afraid of the senses? Organization, management and the return of the sensorium
Authors: Beyes Timon , Cnossen Boukje , Ashcraft Karen , Bencherki Nicolas
Published: July 2022

Organization and management are the perpetual, and perpetually fraught and resisted, ordering of sense experience. However, banning the senses into the outside of thought, and of organizational analysis, was – and to a large degree still is – the default and mostly implicit and unquestioned mode of thinking and studying organization and management. Introducing the special issue on ‘The Senses in Management Research and Education’, this essay historicizes and contextualizes the neglect of the senses, dwells upon possible reasons for keeping the sensory at bay and discusses recent attempts to remedy this situation. The contributions to the special issue are introduced into this context. In conclusion, we speculate on what might happen next.
Parental experience of parent-mediated intervention for children with ASD: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Jurek Lucie , Leadbitter Kathy , Falissard Bruno , Colin Cyrille , Touzet Sandrine , Geoffray Marie-Maude
Published: July 2022

While the effectiveness of parent-mediated interventions in the field of autism spectrum disorder is well documented, information on the experience of parents involved in parent-mediated interventions is limited. We performed a systematic review with qualitative evidence synthesis to explore the experience of parent-mediated interventions in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Sociology Collection were searched from the date of their creation until 25 February 2022. Qualitative studies reporting parents’ experience of parent-mediated interventions were included. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias. The findings of the selected studies were extracted and synthesized using the meta-aggregation method. The results are reported according to PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines. A total of 23 studies were synthesized representing 345 participants. We found 34 categories that were summarized in four synthesized themes: barriers to implementation and logistical issues, feeling overwhelmed and stressed (a need for support), facilitators of implementation, and empowerment in the parent and improvement in the child. Parents’ experience of parent-mediated interventions in autism spectrum disorder is balanced between positive outcomes for them and their child, emotional struggles, and some difficulties in implementing parent-mediated interventions. Based on these results, we propose new ways to improve implementation of parent-mediated interventions and research in the field.

Lay abstract

The effectiveness of parent-mediated interventions in the field of autism spectrum disorder is well documented but information on the experience of parents involved in parent-mediated interventions is limited. This study is the first synthesis of evidence concerning the experience of parents involved in parent-mediated interventions. It synthesizes the voice of 345 parents across the world into four general themes: barriers to implementation and logistical issues, feeling overwhelmed and stressed (a need for support), facilitators of implementation, and empowerment in the parent and improvement in the child. The findings of our study provide evidence that parent-mediated interventions should be adapted to the needs of each family. Specific care and support should be offered to parents in addition to parent-mediated interventions. Our study, however, highlights which outcomes are important to parents and should be considered in future studies.
Beyond the Giralda: Residents’ interpretations of the Seville portrayed in fictional movies and TV series
Authors: Castro Deborah
Published: July 2022

This article aims to widen the discussion on destination images and imaginaries circulated via fictional movies and TV series. In particular, it analyzes how people living in film locations interpret media portrayals of their place of residence, which is an uncommon approach in the research conducted to date. To this end, an exploratory qualitative study was carried out in the city of Seville, Spain, which has appeared in multiple movies and TV series. Interviews were conducted with a heterogenous group of 23 residents and the data were assessed using a thematic analysis. The results illustrate the pivotal role of personal experiences of a place, or an absence thereof, in the decoding processes undertaken, as exemplified by the ways in which the interviewees interpreted the portrayal of local social issues and marginal areas of the city. The findings also uncover a desire to see a more diverse and accurate depiction of Seville on screen.
The Forgotten Youth: Responding to Mental Health Needs Among Confined Youth in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Sanikommu Mythili , Fix Rebecca L.
Published: July 2022

As COVID-19 sweeps across the country, individuals within the carceral system face an increased risk of contracting the virus, and as a result, heightened risk for mental health symptoms. We discuss how COVID-19 appears to be exacerbating mental health inequities for children within the carceral system and the need to respond accordingly. Children within the carceral system represent a particularly vulnerable population, and the majority of detained or confined youth identify as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC). As juvenile detention centers in multiple states report cases of COVID-19, children who are confined are experiencing higher rates of illness and fear of illness. It is crucial to consider how the mental health of children who are confined will be disproportionately affected compared with the general population. We provide recommendations to revise practices to improve and reduce mental health outcomes among confined children.
Use of Community Engagement Studios to Adapt a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study of Social Incentives and Physical Activity for the STEP Together Study
Authors: Scheffey Krista , Avelis Jade , Patel Mitesh , Oon Ai Leen , Evans Chalanda , Glanz Karen
Published: July 2022

Physical activity is known to contribute to good health, but most adults in the United States do not meet recommended physical activity guidelines. Social incentive interventions that leverage insights from behavioral economics have increased physical activity in short-term trials, but there is limited evidence of their effectiveness in community settings or their long-term effectiveness. The STEP Together study is a Hybrid Type 1 effectiveness-implementation study to address these evidence and implementation gaps. This paper describes the process of adapting study procedures prior to the effectiveness trial using Community Engagement (CE) Studios, facilitated meetings during which community members provide feedback on research projects. Six CE Studios were held with community members from the priority population. They were conducted remotely because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Fifteen liaisons representing 13 community organizations and 21 community members from different neighborhoods in Philadelphia participated. Three elements of the study design were modified based on feedback from the CE Studios: lowering the age requirement for an ‘older adult’, clarifying the definition of family members to include second-degree relatives, and adding a 6-month survey. These adaptations will improve the fit of the effectiveness trial to the local context and improve participant engagement and retention. CE Studios can be used to adapt intervention strategies and other aspects of study design during hybrid implementation-effectiveness trials. This approach was successfully used with remote online participation due to the COVID-19 pandemic and serves as a model for future community-engaged implementation research.
Toward a Better Understanding of Muscle Microvascular Perfusion During Exercise in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: The Effect of Lower-Limb Revascularization
Authors: Menêses Annelise , Krastins Digby , Nam Michael , Bailey Tom , Quah Jing , Sankhla Vaibhav , Lam Jeng , Jha Pankaj , Schulze Karl , O’Donnell Jill , Magee Rebecca , Golledge Jonathan , Greaves Kim , Askew Christopher D.
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

Leg muscle microvascular blood flow (perfusion) is impaired in response to maximal exercise in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD); however, during submaximal exercise, microvascular perfusion is maintained due to a greater increase in microvascular blood volume compared with that seen in healthy adults. It is unclear whether this submaximal exercise response reflects a microvascular impairment, or whether it is a compensatory response for the limited conduit artery flow in PAD. Therefore, to clarify the role of conduit artery blood flow, we compared whole-limb blood flow and skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion responses with exercise in patients with PAD (n=9; 60±7 years) prior to, and following, lower-limb endovascular revascularization.

Materials and Methods:

Microvascular perfusion (microvascular volume × flow velocity) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle was measured before and immediately after a 5 minute bout of submaximal intermittent isometric plantar-flexion exercise using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. Exercise contraction-by-contraction whole-leg blood flow and vascular conductance were measured using strain-gauge plethysmography.

Results:

With revascularization there was a significant increase in whole-leg blood flow and conductance during exercise (p<0.05). Exercise-induced muscle microvascular perfusion response did not change with revascularization (pre-revascularization: 3.19±2.32; post-revascularization: 3.89±1.67 aU.s−1; p=0.38). However, the parameters that determine microvascular perfusion changed, with a reduction in the microvascular volume response to exercise (pre-revascularization: 6.76±3.56; post-revascularization: 2.42±0.69 aU; p<0.01) and an increase in microvascular flow velocity (pre-revascularization: 0.25±0.13; post-revascularization: 0.59±0.25 s−1; p=0.02).

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that patients with PAD compensate for the conduit artery blood flow impairment with an increase in microvascular blood volume to maintain muscle perfusion during submaximal exercise.

Clinical Impact

The findings from this study support the notion that the impairment in conduit artery blood flow in patients with PAD leads to compensatory changes in microvascular blood volume and flow velocity to maintain muscle microvascular perfusion during submaximal leg exercise. Moreover, this study demonstrates that these microvascular changes are reversed and become normalized with successful lower-limb endovascular revascularization.
Electrochemotherapy as an Alternative Treatment Option to Pelvic Exenteration for Recurrent Vulvar Cancer of the Perineum Region
Authors: Vivod Gregor , Kovacevic Nina , Čemažar Maja , Serša Gregor , Jesenko Tanja , Bošnjak Maša , Kranjc Brezar Simona , Merlo Sebastjan
Published: July 2022

Objective: Pelvic exenteration in women with recurrent vulvar carcinoma is associated with high morbidity and mortality and substantial treatment costs. Because pelvic exenteration severely affects the quality of life and can lead to significant complications, other treatment modalities, such as electrochemotherapy, have been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and suitability of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of recurrent vulvar cancer. We aimed to analyze the treatment options, treatment outcomes, and complications in patients with recurrent vulvar cancer of the perineum. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone pelvic exenteration for vulvar cancer at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana over a 16-year period was performed. As an experimental, less mutilating treatment, electrochemotherapy was performed on one patient with recurrent vulvar cancer involving the perineum. Comparative data analysis was performed between the group with pelvic exenteration and the patient with electrochemotherapy, comparing hospital stay, disease recurrence after treatment, survival after treatment in months, and quality of life after treatment. Results: We observed recurrence of disease in 2 patients with initial FIGO stage IIIC disease 3 months and 32 months after pelvic exenteration, and they died of the disease 15 and 38 months after pelvic exenteration. Two patients with FIGO stage IB were alive at 74 and 88 months after pelvic exenteration. One patient with initial FIGO stage IIIC was alive 12 months after treatment with electrochemotherapy with no visible signs of disease progression in the vulvar region, and the lesions had a complete response. The patient treated with electrochemotherapy was hospitalized for 4 days compared with the patients with pelvic exenteration, in whom the average hospital stay was 19.75 (± 1.68) days. Conclusion: Our experience has shown that electrochemotherapy might be a less radical alternative to pelvic exenteration, especially for patients with initially higher FIGO stages.
Development of a Participation Focused Measure of Interoception for Adults
Authors: Brown Catana , Dunn Winnie
Published: July 2022

Interoception is awareness of one’s own internal bodily states. Currently, no participation-based measure of interoception exists. The purpose of this study was to identify items with adequate psychometric properties for a participation-based interoceptive measure grounded in Dunn’s Sensory Processing Framework named the Sensory Profile: Interoception (SPI). Using a cross-sectional psychometric design, internal consistency was examined by calculating Cronbach’s alpha for each of the four subscales of the SPI. Concurrent validity was studied using Pearson Product Moment Correlations to identify relationships between the SPI and the Adolescent Adult Sensory Profile (A/ASP) subscales. Interoception items correlating most strongly with their intended subscale were identified, maintaining 70 of the original 101 items ( N = 55). The resulting subscales (sensitivity, avoiding, registration, and seeking) had good internal consistency (α = .63–.88) and correlated moderately with the corresponding A/ASP subscale. The findings provide preliminary support for the SPI’s internal consistency and concurrent validity.
Revisiting the Role of Ultrasound Mapping in Arteriovenous Fistula Formation: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Vo Anh Tuan , Nguyen Thanh Van , Kieu Son Minh , Kieu An Quang , Huynh Kha Tan , Nguyen Quynh Ngoc Hoa , Nguyen Truc T. T. , Nguyen Tien Cong
Published: July 2022

Background:

The global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to increase, with the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as the most preferred vascular access for hemodialysis. Whether routine preoperative ultrasound mapping improves the outcome of AVF formation compared with clinical examination alone remains controversial.

Methods:

This retrospective study included patients undergoing AVF surgery with and without preoperative ultrasound at our center between September 2017 and August 2020. Outcome measures included AVF early and mid-term outcome. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of favorable AVF outcome.

Results:

A total of 158 patients received an AVF during the study period. Both groups with (n = 79) and without (n = 79) ultrasound mapping were similar regarding baseline characteristics (age, sex, comorbidities). Patency rates were comparable between the 2 groups at 30 days, 3 months, and 6 months after AVF surgery, although there was a trend toward more favorable outcome for the mapping group ( P = .07). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that at the end of study, the ultrasound mapping group had a higher mid-term patency rate; however, the improvement was not significant ( P = .07). Cox regression analysis did not reveal age, gender, comorbidities, and ultrasound as predictors of AVF survival.

Conclusion:

Our study did not find a significant benefit from routine preoperative ultrasound mapping in creating AVFs for hemodialysis. Further well-designed and adequately powered trials are needed to demonstrate the beneficial role of routine preoperative ultrasound mapping for vascular access in CKD coupled with clinical evaluation in short- and long-term AVF outcome.
A modified variant of HSS preconditioner for generalized saddle point problems
Authors: Zhang Li-Tao , Zhang Yi-Fan
Published: July 2022

Recently, Zhang [Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications, 2018: e2166] constructed an efficient variant of Hermitian and skew-Hermitian splitting (HSS) preconditioner for generalized saddle point problems, and gave the corresponding theoretical analysis and numerical experiment. In this paper, based on the efficient variant of the HSS (EVHSS) preconditioner, we relax the strong condition on the iterative parameter [Formula: see text], generalize the algorithms and further present the modified variant of Hermitian and skew-Hermitian splitting (HSS) (MVHSS) preconditioner for solving the generalized saddle point problem. Moreover, by similar theoretical analysis, we obtain that the MVHSS iterative method is convergent under weaker conditions. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

MSC: 65F10; 65F15; 65F50
Attention allocation between item and order information in short-term memory
Authors: Guitard Dominic , Cowan Nelson
Published: July 2022

In immediate memory for verbal lists, recently it has been shown that participants can choose to carry out encoding that prioritises readiness for an item test at some cost to order information or, conversely, that prioritises readiness for an order test at a cost to item information. Here, we ask whether participants can control attention to items and order in a graded fashion. We examined this issue by manipulating the percentage of order or item test trials participants would receive in a block (for each type of test, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the trials in a block). Overall, the results revealed that participants were able to allocate their attention in a fine-grained manner that took into account the trial distribution within the block. However, there was a difference between the effects of allocating attention to item versus order. Divided attention, compared with full attention to one attribute, had an asymmetry, such that divided attention impaired order performance more than item performance. The exact point at which this asymmetry could be seen differed between two experiments, which included different item tests (fragment completion vs. free recall). The results suggest a common resource for item and order encoding and/or retention in working memory, which can be voluntarily allocated to different mixtures of these two attributes.
Early antiplatelet for minor stroke following thrombolysis (EAST): Rationale and design
Authors: Li Xiao-Qiu , Cui Yu , Wang Xin-Hong , Chen Hui-Sheng
Published: July 2022

Background:

Early neurological deterioration (END) occurs in about 10% of patients after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and is related to poor outcome. In theory, early antiplatelet following IVT could reduce END by preventing re-occlusion and stroke progression, but current guidelines recommend starting antiplatelet treatment at 24 h after IVT due to concerns about hemorrhagic transformation. Given higher risk of hemorrhagic transformation in severe stroke, we hypothesized that minor stroke patients following IVT can safely benefit from early antiplatelet treatment.

Aims:

To explore the efficacy and safety of early antiplatelet in minor stroke patients after IVT.

Sample size estimates:

A maximum of 1022 patients are required to test the superiority hypothesis with 80% power according to a two-side 0.05 level of significance, stratified by age, gender, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure at admission, time from IVT to treatment, thrombolysis drug, stroke territory, and stroke etiology.

Design:

Early antiplatelet for minor stroke following thrombolysis is a prospective, double-blinded, multicenter, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. Minor stroke patients within 6 h following IVT are randomly assigned into experimental group and control group with the ratio of 1:1. The experimental group is orally administered with 300 mg clopidogrel and 100 mg aspirin, and control group with placebo. Subsequently, both groups received guideline-based antithrombotic treatment from 24 h after IVT to 90 days.

Outcome:

The primary efficacy endpoint is excellent functional outcome, defined as the modified Rankin Scale 0–1 at 90 days after randomization, while primary safety endpoint is symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score increase ⩾ 4 caused by intracranial hemorrhage within 36 h after randomization.

Conclusions:

The results of EAST will provide us powerful early antiplatelet evidence for minor stroke population following intravenous thrombolysis in clinical practice.
Voicing Omnivorousness, Assembling the Omnivorous Voice: The American Musical Explored
Authors: von Germeten Guro , Karlsen Sidsel
Published: July 2022

This article focuses on the notion of cultural omnivorousness, as coined by Richard Peterson, to explore its various manifestations within the American musical, commonly known as the Broadway musical. Through two interconnected research questions, we explore how patterns of cultural omnivorousness are manifested within the American musical, contemporarily and in a historical perspective, and scrutinize what these omnivorous features demand from performers, more specifically, what it takes to perform what we name the omnivorous voice. Using the American musical as a site for exploration, the article aims to show that the omnivorousness is not only enjoyed by its audiences, but produced, brought about and enjoyed by its composers, producers and performers alike. Consequently, the article’s main argument is that the phenomenon of cultural omnivorousness not only concerns cultural consumption but is to be regarded as a matter of cultural production as well, manifested ultimately as specific artistic and embodied practices. The article conveys a theoretically informed discussion, drawing on works written within the fields of cultural sociology, musicology and voice studies, while incorporating illustrative references to specific recorded musical works and the vocal behaviours of named performers.
Development and field test of the Salutogenic Wellness Promotion Scale – short form (SWPS-SF) in U.S. college students
Authors: Becker Craig M. , Bian Hui , Martin Ryan J. , Sewell Kerry , Stellefson Michael , Chaney Beth
Published: July 2022

Survey research is important for understanding health and improving practice among health professions. However, survey research can have drawbacks, such as overuse and excessively lengthy questionnaires that burden respondents. These issues lead to poor response rates and incomplete questionnaires. Low and incomplete response rates result in missing data and reduced sample size, damaging the value, usability and generalizability of the information collected. To address issues related to response rates and improve health research, shorter surveys are recommended because they impose less of a burden on respondents and are useful with larger populations. Health-related surveys also often focus on the factors leading to ill health without dedicating equal attention to factors supporting positive health. This study developed and tested a short form (SF) of the validated Salutogenic Wellness Promotion Scale (SWPS), which measures causes of health (rather than causes of disease), using responses from 2052 college students. The participants answered questions about their demographics and completed the SWPS and a perceived health assessment. Statistical tests demonstrated the SWPS-SF had significant relationships with the full SWPS, health status, and Grade Point Average (GPA). Statistical tests were also used to establish cutoff scores that had a high true positive and low false negative rate. These cutoff scores demonstrated a relationship of higher performance and better health. These promising results suggest this short test can provide valid information without burdening the respondents. Authors recommend additional tests be completed to validate the SWPS-SF.
Prospective cohort study of same-day discharge shoulder arthroplasty in patients of 85 years and younger
Authors: van Kampen Derk A , de Vries Lieke , Jan Hillen Robert , La Guardia Paulo , van Beek Rienk
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Shoulder arthroplasty is mostly performed as an inpatient procedure. Same-day discharge arthroplasty has shown positive results in hip and knee surgery. Primary objective of this study was to investigate whether a safe and satisfactory same-day discharge (SDD) can be predicted with a set of easy to use predefined criteria, without increasing complications and re-admissions.

Methods

This study was a prospective cohort study. Patient selection criteria were: <85 years old, ASA 1, 2, and mild ASA 3. Primary outcome variables were successful SDD, complications, re-admissions and patient satisfaction. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported outcome scores. The results are compared with the inpatient cohort.

Results

In total, 163 patients were treated for elective shoulder arthroplasty. Of which 51 patients were selected for same-day discharge arthroplasty. 94% of pre-planned same-day discharge arthroplasty patients were discharged on the day of surgery. In the same-day discharge group, there were no complications related to the early discharge and a 2% readmission rate as opposed to a 3% readmission rate in the inpatient group. Surgery related as well as medical complications did not differ between the same-day discharge and inpatient cohort.

Discussion

Same-day discharge shoulder arthroplasty is a safe and satisfying treatment option in selected patient groups.
Efficacy and safety of selpercatinib in Chinese patients with advanced RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase II clinical trial (LIBRETTO-321)
Authors: Lu Shun , Cheng Ying , Huang Dingzhi , Sun Yuping , Wu Lin , Zhou Chengzhi , Guo Ye , Shao Jingxin , Zhang Wanli , Zhou Jianying
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Oncogenic alterations in RET occur in 1–2% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). The efficacy and safety of the first-in-class, highly selective, and potent RET inhibitor selpercatinib in Chinese patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC remains unknown.

Methods:

In this open-label, multicenter, phase II study (NCT04280081), patients with advanced RET-altered solid tumors received selpercatinib (160 mg orally twice daily) in a 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was independent review committee (IRC)-assessed objective response rate (ORR; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1). Secondary endpoints included duration of response, central nervous system (CNS) response, and safety. Efficacy against NSCLC was assessed in the primary analysis set (PAS; centrally confirmed RET status) and in all enrolled patients with NSCLC.

Results:

Of 77 enrolled patients, 47 had RET fusion-positive NSCLC. After 9.7 months of median follow-up, IRC-assessed ORR in the PAS ( n = 26) was 69.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 48.2–85.7] and 94.4% of responses were ongoing; the ORR was 87.5% and 61.1% in treatment-naïve and pre-treated patients, respectively. IRC-assessed ORR in all patients with NSCLC ( n = 47) was 66.0% (95% CI, 50.7–79.1). Among five patients with measurable CNS metastases at baseline, four (80%) achieved an IRC-assessed intracranial response. In the safety population ( n = 77), most treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were grade 1 or 2. The most common grade ⩾3 TEAE was hypertension (19.5%). Three (3.9%) patients discontinued therapy due to treatment-related AEs; no deaths occurred due to treatment-related AEs.

Conclusion:

Selpercatinib, with potent and durable antitumor activity including intracranial activity, was well tolerated in Chinese patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC, consistent with LIBRETTO-001 (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04280081).
Activation of the Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling by Pratensein From Trifolium pretense Mitigates Ferroptosis in OGD/R-Insulted H9c2 Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Bin , Ma Wei , Di Yali
Published: July 2022

Background: Pratensein (PTS) is a type of flavonoid that has been identified in various plants, such as Trifolium pretense L., with a considerable cytoprotective effect against exogenous stimuli. However, the biological function of PTS in cardiomyocytes in response to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) conditions is unclear. Purpose: In our study, we examined the function of PTS in the progression of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: In this study, we established an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in H9c2 cells. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to assess the viability of H9c2 cells. The TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling and flow cytometry assays confirmed apoptosis of H9c2 cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) content, and Fe2+ level were evaluated. Western blotting was used to detect relative protein expression. Results: We firstly found that PTS reduced apoptosis of H9c2 cells in response to OGD/R stimulation. PTS attenuates the increase in ROS and MDA production and the decrease in GSH content caused by OGD/R. The increased Fe2+ level in OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells was also restrained by PTS. For mechanism studies, we found that the decreased expression levels of Nrf2 and GPX4 in OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells were significantly elevated after PTS treatment. Knockdown of Nrf2 in H9c2 cells reversed the protective effect of PTS on ferroptosis in H9c2 cells induced by OGD/R, indicated by reduced cell viability, increased apoptotic cells and oxidation markers, and increased Fe2+ level. Conclusion: Based on these findings, we speculated that PTS may protect H9c2 cells from OGD/R-caused ferroptosis by modulating the Nrf2/GPX4 signaling.
Potential roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in chronic inflammatory pain and the mechanisms of therapy drugs
Authors: Li Jia-Shang , Su Shu-Lan , Xu Zhuo , Zhao Li-Hui , Fan Ruo-Ying , Guo Jian-Ming , Qian Da-Wei , Duan Jin-Ao
Published: July 2022

Observational findings achieved that gut microbes mediate human metabolic health and disease risk. The types of intestinal microorganisms depend on the intake of food and drugs and are also related to their metabolic level and genetic factors. Recent studies have shown that chronic inflammatory pain is closely related to intestinal microbial homeostasis. Compared with the normal intestinal flora, the composition of intestinal flora in patients with chronic inflammatory pain had significant changes in Actinomycetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, etc. At the same time, short-chain fatty acids and amino acids, the metabolites of intestinal microorganisms, can regulate neural signal molecules and signaling pathways, thus affecting the development trend of chronic inflammatory pain. Glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain, the main mechanism is to affect the secretion of inflammatory factors and the abundance of intestinal bacteria. This article reviews the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and their metabolites on chronic inflammatory pain and the possible mechanism.
Cell secretomes for wound healing and tissue regeneration: Next generation acellular based tissue engineered products
Authors: Md Fadilah Nur Izzah , Mohd Abdul Kader Jailani Muhammad Syahiran , Badrul Hisham Muhd Aliff Iqmal , Sunthar Raj Nithiaraj , Shamsuddin Sharen Aini , Ng Min Hwei , Fauzi Mh Busra , Maarof Manira
Published: July 2022

Wound represents a significant socioeconomic burden for both affected individuals and as a whole healthcare system. Accordingly, stem cells have garnered attention due to their differentiation capacity and ability to aid tissue regeneration by releasing biologically active molecules, found in the cells’ cultivated medium which known as conditioned medium (CM) or secretomes. This acellular approach provides a huge advantage over conventional treatment options, which are mainly used cellular treatment at wound closure. Interestingly, the secretomes contained the cell-secreted proteins such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix (ECM), and small molecules including metabolites, microvesicles, and exosomes. This review aims to provide a general view on secretomes and how it is proven to have great potential in accelerating wound healing. Utilizing the use of secretomes with its secreted proteins and suitable biomaterials for fabrications of acellular skin substitutes can be promising in treating skin loss and accelerate the healing process.
Paper 16: Effectiveness of hematoma aspiration and platelet-rich plasma muscle injections for the treatment of hamstring strains in athletes
Authors: Trunz Lukas , Dodson Christopher , Zoga Adam , Cohen Steven , Roedl Johannes
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

The effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment on recovery in acute hamstring injuries is controversial. Previous study results are inconsistent, and a standardized therapeutic approach has not been established yet. The objective of the study was to assess the treatment effect using a combination of hematoma aspiration and muscle strain PRP injection in partial hamstring muscle tears (grade 2 strains) in athletes.

Methods:

MRIs of athletes with grade 2 hamstring strains were reviewed from 2013 to 2018. From 2013 to 2015 athletes were treated conservatively and from 2016 to 2018 with a combination of ultrasound-guided hematoma aspiration and PRP muscle strain injection. The outcome, including return-to-play (in days) and recurrence rate, was compared retrospectively between both groups (conservative vs. aspiration/PRP) using ANOVA and Fisher’s Exact test. There was no significant difference in age, type of sport, and muscle involvement (including injury grade/location, hamstring muscle type, and length/cross-sectional area of the strain).

Results:

Fifty-five athletes (28 treated conservatively, 27 with hematoma aspiration/PRP injection) were included. Average return-to-play time (mean) was 32.4 days in the conservative group and 23.5 days in the aspiration/PRP group (p<0.001). Recurrence rate of the hamstring strain was 28.6% (8/28) in the conservative treatment group and less than 4% (1/27) in the aspiration/PRP group (p=0.025).

Conclusions:

Athletes with grade 2 hamstring strains treated with a combination of hematoma aspiration and PRP injection had a significantly shorter return-to-play and a lower recurrence rate compared to athletes receiving conservative treatment. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
Paper 18: Effect of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate on Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation Incorporation: A Prospective, Randomized, Single Blind Investigation
Authors: Yanke Adam , Dandu Navya , Bodendorfer Blake , Darwish Reem , Zavras Athan , Forsythe Brian , Cole Brian , Trasolini Nicholas
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

Osteochondral allograft transplantation for cartilage defects of the knee has demonstrated excellent long-term clinical outcomes and survival, which largely depends on successful graft osseointegration. Biologics have been suggested as a viable adjunct to enhance successful healing in several musculoskeletal applications. In the context of OCA, early results have suggested that BMAC may improve cellular repopulation and viability within the osseus portion of an implanted graft. However, few clinical studies to date have investigated the impact of BMAC on patient outcomes following OCA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) on osseointegration and patient-reported outcome metrics (PROMs) after osteochondral allograft transplantation in a prospective, randomized controlled single-blinded trial.

Methods:

Patients undergoing osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee were consented and enrolled. Prior to surgery, patients were randomized into either the BMAC or sham incision groups. In the BMAC group, the osteochondral allograft plug was soaked in BMAC for a minimum of 2 minutes prior to implantation. All patients underwent postoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning at 6 months postoperatively and completed PROMs preoperatively, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Two board-eligible orthopaedic surgeons blinded to treatment allocation independently assessed and graded each CT according to the ACTOCA system proposed by Gelber et al.

Results:

Thirty-six patients enrolled between April 2018 to December 2020 (17 female, 19 male) were included for analysis. There were no significant differences between the BMAC and non-BMAC groups in graft signal density (Grader 1: p=0.283, Grader 2: p=0.467), osseous integration (both graders: p=0.489), surface percentage with discernible cleft (Grader 1: 0.287, Grader 2: 0.469), or intra-articular fragments (Grader 1: p=0.617, Grader 2: p=0.810) (Table 1). A significantly greater number of patients receiving BMAC demonstrating cystic changes <3 mm (Grader 1: p=0.015, Grader 2: p=0.05) (Figure 1). At 1 year, BMAC patients reported significantly better WOMAC Pain (87.82±14.26 vs 75.80±15.56, p=0.043) and trended towards improved PROMIS Pain (54.14±8.31 vs 61.79±5.24, p=0.09).

Conclusions:

Patients receiving BMAC soaked OCA grafts demonstrated no difference from controls with respect to graft signal intensity, osseous integration, intra-articular fragments, or discernible graft-host clefts at 6-months postoperatively. BMAC patients had a significantly greater occurrence of small (<3 mm) cystic changes. At 1 year, BMAC patients reported significantly less pain than controls on WOMAC Pain, with similar trends on PROMIS Pain Interference. [Table: see text][Figure: see text]
Paper 22: PREDICTORS OF RE-OPERATION IN ADOLESENTS UNDERGOING HIP PRESERVATION SURGERY FOR FEMOROACETABULAR IMPINGEMENT
Authors: Cooper Savannah , Johnson Benjamin , Youngman Tyler , Wilson Philip , Sucato Daniel , Podeszwa David , Ellis Henry , Serbin Philip
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

Femoroacetabular Impingement(FAI) is a condition caused by repetitive motion of abnormal hip osseous anatomy that contributes to labral and chondral injury. An understanding of radiographic parameters associated with successful primary surgery has not been well established. The primary objective was to determine pre-operative radiographic parameters that predict reoperation for FAI and, secondarily, correlate radiographic measures and outcomes in these patients.

Methods:

A prospectively-collected institutional registry of adolescent patients (age <19 y.o.) who underwent surgery for FAI (arthroscopic/open) was reviewed. Standing AP pelvis X-rays were analyzed for alpha, lateral center edge(LCEA), Tönnis, and Sharp’s angles, and femoro-epiphyseal acetabular(FEAR) index. Patient-reported outcomes(PROs) [modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(HOOS)] were analyzed. Mann-Whitney-U test was used to compare the radiographic measures of re-operation to non-reoperation patients and those who achieved MCID to those who did not. Radiographic indication of risk for re-operation was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis. Spearman’s correlation was calculated between radiographic measurements and PROs at 2-years post-op.

Results:

Eighty-seven patients underwent primary surgery (56 surgical dislocations vs 31 scopes) for FAI. The average age at time of primary operation was 16.27 years(73.6%Female). 10 underwent re-operation (11.5%) at an average of 20.6 months from primary surgery. No differences were found in demographics, activity, surgery type, labral disease, or alpha angle for re-operation vs. non-reoperation. The LCEA, FEAR Index, Sharps, and Tönnis angle were significantly different (p<0.05) (Table 1). ROC analysis indicated that LCEA<21 and FEAR index>-8.8 were predictors for increased risk of reoperation. Patients with LCEA<21°, 46% underwent a reoperation compared to those with LCEA>21° (6%). Patients with FEAR index<-8.8, 32% underwent a reoperation compared to patients>-8.8 (5%). Patients who achieved MCID (61.9%) had lower BMI, worse pre-operative PROs, and better post-operative PROs at 2-years. Alpha, Tönnis, and Sharp’s angles were positively correlated with 2+ year PROs, while LCEA was negatively correlated(p<0.05).

Conclusions:

In patients undergoing treatment for FAI, a reoperation was associated with radiographic signs of hip dysplasia, indicating that patients with a shallower acetabulum are at risk for a repeat operation. Surgeons can utilize these parameters to help in surgical decision making, better predict outcomes and to counsel patients the need for potential subsequent surgery. UPLOAD- https://planion-client-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AOSSM/blobs/10177e80-b6a8-458e-b216-840ad950f2a6/1/Tables.docx
Paper 24: The Power of Information: Influence of Interim Function Assessments on Patient Outcomes at the time of Return to Sport Progression Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Bruce Amelia , Diduch David , Miller Mark , Brockmeier Stephen , Gwathmey F. Winston , Werner Brian , Hart Joseph , Bodkin Stephan
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

The administration of return to sport assessments have become common in patients following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR). However, they are often administered after the time of clinical supervision which may leave patients without access to clinical personnel to appropriately address the functional deficits identified. It is currently unknown if patient outcomes would benefit from interim functional assessments while under clinical supervision. The purpose of this study is to compare patient outcomes at the time of return to sport (RTS) progression between those with a prior interim assessment and those without. We hypothesize that patients with prior interim assessments will demonstrate stronger and more symmetric quadriceps strength, greater hopping performance, and higher subjective function.

Methods:

Patients following ACLR were retrospectively identified through an ongoing RTS assessment program where patients were referred from a sports medicine subspecialist orthopedic clinic to complete a battery of functional assessments This program assessed knee extensor and flexor strength (Nm/kg) and symmetry (%) and patient reported outcomes. Patients were stratified into “Single Test”: first assessment between 6- and 9-months post-ACLR and “Repeat Test”: prior assessment performed at least 2-months before RTS assessment between 6- and 9-months post-ACLR (Figure 1). Patients were matched based on time post-surgery, age, pre-injury activity level, and graft type.

Results:

A total of 392 patients were included (Single Test n=303, Repeat Test n=89.) Once matched, 169 patients (21.1±7.0 years, 7.3±.9 mo. post-ACLR) were analyzed (n=69 per group, Figure 2.) Controlling for age, activity level, graft type, and time of the assessment, Repeat Test patients demonstrated higher measures of subjective function ( P=.028) and greater knee flexion symmetry ( P=.006) compared to Single Test patients. There were no differences in quadriceps strength ( P=.82) and symmetry ( P=.18) between groups.

Conclusions:

Patients that received interim functional assessments reported better subjective function and higher hamstring symmetry at the time of return to sport progression compared to patients that completed their first and only assessment at this time-point. Interim referral for functional assessments may identify limitations which medical provides can address prior to the time of RT progression.
Paper 26: Update On Performance And Return To Sport After Biceps Tenodesis In Professional Baseball Players
Authors: Chalmers Peter , D’Angelo John , Ma Kevin , Rowe Dana , Ciccotti Michael , Romeo Anthony , Erickson Brandon
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to determine the return to sport (RTS) rate and performance upon RTS in professional baseball players who underwent biceps tenodesis. A secondary purpose was to compare the postoperative performance of the group of players who underwent biceps tenodesis to a group of matched controls.

Methods:

All professional baseball pitchers who underwent biceps tenodesis between 2014 and 2017 were included. Players with concomitant rotator cuff repair were excluded. Demographic and performance data (preoperative and postoperative) were recorded for each player. Performance metrics were then compared between the biceps tenodesis and matched control (no history of biceps tenodesis) groups.

Results:

14 players (average age 27±4 years; 12 pitchers, 2 position outfielders) were included. Most (79%) were open subpectoral tenodeses while two were arthroscopic biceps transfers, and one was an arthroscopic suprapectoral tenodesis. Fixation methods included cortical button (42%), interference screw (25%), suture anchor (25%) and drill holes (8%). Most players (79%) underwent concomitant procedures (43% underwent SLAP repairs). Among the 14 players, 2 were unable to RTS, 5 RTS but to a lower level, and 7 RTS at the same or a higher level. Thus, overall, while 86% (12/14) were able to RTS, 50% (7/14) RTS at the same or a higher level and 50% were either unable to return or returned to a lower level. Among pitchers, 100% (12/12) were able to RTS, but only 50% (6/12) were able to return to the same or a higher level. For those players who did return to play, it took 245±84 days, and their performance following RTP was unchanged and did not differ from matched controls.

Conclusions:

While 86% of professional baseball players returned to sport following biceps tenodesis, only 50% returned to the same or higher level. No decline in performance was noted in players who successfully returned. Open subpectoral tenodesis is the most common tenodesis technique performed on professional baseball players UPLOAD- https://planion-client-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AOSSM/blobs/c7753b55-d658-4847-a8e7-7b70c6cad84f/1/Table_1.docx UPLOAD- https://planion-client-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AOSSM/blobs/961efbc8-aedb-4cfe-b18f-6b8c07d93ec7/1/Table_2.docx UPLOAD- https://planion-client-files.s3.amazonaws.com/AOSSM/blobs/36fbb55a-f22f-468e-a8a3-e7a29979b4b8/1/Table_3.docx None