bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic background and immunological status influence B cell repertoire diversity in mice
Authors: Chaaya Nancy , Shahsavarian Melody A. , Maffucci Irene , Friboulet Alain , Offmann Bernard , Léger Jean-Benoist , Rousseau Sylvain , Avalle Bérangère , Padiolleau-Lefèvre Séverine
Published: October 2019

The relationship between the immune repertoire and the physiopathological status of individuals is essential to apprehend the genesis and the evolution of numerous pathologies. Nevertheless, the methodological approaches to understand these complex interactions are challenging. We performed a study evaluating the diversity harbored by different immune repertoires as a function of their physiopathological status. In this study, we base our analysis on a murine scFv library previously described and representing four different immune repertoires: i) healthy and naïve, ii) healthy and immunized, iii) autoimmune prone and naïve, and iv) autoimmune prone and immunized. This library, 2.6 × 109in size, is submitted to high throughput sequencing (Next Generation Sequencing, NGS) in order to analyze the gene subgroups encoding for immunoglobulins. A comparative study of the distribution of immunoglobulin gene subgroups present in the four libraries has revealed shifts in the B cell repertoire originating from differences in genetic background and immunological status of mice.
Diurnal motor activity and “sunbathing” behaviour in crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata L., 1758)
Authors: Coppola Francesca , Vecchio Giuseppe , Felicioli Antonio
Published: October 2019

The crested porcupine is a mainly nocturnal mammal that shows both moonlight avoidance and some diurnal motor activity, the latter as an extension of its night-time foraging behaviour. Furthermore, a peculiar daytime behaviour, described as “sunbathing”, was reported as episodic in H. africaeaustralis. Between 2016 and 2019 a camera-trapping monitoring was performed within 10 porcupine settlements in order to detect the diurnal motor activity and to verify and describe the sunbathing behaviour in crested porcupine. Out of 1,003 trap days, a total of 148 events of diurnal motor activity were recorded. The diurnal motor activity occurred throughout the year mainly between December and June from 15:00 to 16:00, with no statistical difference between cubs, youngsters and adults. The sunbathing behaviour was detected for a total of 36 episodes recorded. Sunbathing was performed mainly by cubs. The sunbathing behaviour occurred only between April and June during the hottest hours of the day (11:00 to 12:00). Diurnal motor activity and sunbathing behaviour of porcupine are discussed in relation to food availability and porcupine physiology.
HERC2 regulates RPA2 by mediating ATR-induced Ser33 phosphorylation and ubiquitin-dependent degradation
Authors: Lai Yongqiang , Zhu Mingzhang , Wu Wenwen , Rokutanda Nana , Togashi Yukiko , Liang Weixin , Ohta Tomohiko
Published: October 2019

Replication protein A (RPA) binds to and stabilizes single-stranded DNA and is essential for the genome stability. We reported that an E3 ubiquitin ligase, HERC2, suppresses G-quadruplex (G4) DNA by regulating RPA-helicase complexes. However, the precise mechanism of HERC2 on RPA is as yet largely unknown. Here, we show essential roles for HERC2 on RPA2 status: induction of phosphorylation and degradation of the modified form. HERC2 interacted with RPA through the C-terminal HECT domain. Ubiquitination of RPA2 was inhibited by HERC2 depletion and rescued by reintroduction of the C-terminal fragment of HERC2. ATR-mediated phosphorylation of RPA2 at Ser33 induced by low-level replication stress was inhibited by depletion of HERC2. Contrary, cells lacking HERC2 catalytic residues constitutively expressed an increased level of Ser33-phosphorylated RPA2. HERC2-mediated ubiquitination of RPA2 was abolished by an ATR inhibitor, supporting a hypothesis that the ubiquitinated RPA2 is a phosphorylated subset. Functionally, HERC2 E3 activity has an epistatic relationship with RPA in the suppression of G4 when judged with siRNA knockdown experiments. Together, these results suggest that HERC2 fine-tunes ATR-phosphorylated RPA2 levels through induction and degradation, a mechanism that could be critical for the suppression of secondary DNA structures during cell proliferation.
A dual-mode biosensor combining transition metal carbonyl-based SERS and a colorimetric readout for thiol detection
Authors: Lin Duo , Zhou Jiahui , Yu Yun , Chen Weiwei , Liao Pei-Hsuan , Huang Hao , Kong Kien Voon
Published: October 2019

A fast SERS and colorimetric dual-modal assay for thiol detection was developed using a triosmium carbonyl cluster as a smart probe.
Supercritical flow synthesis of PtPdFe alloyed nanoparticles with enhanced low-temperature activity and thermal stability for propene oxidation under lean exhaust gas conditions
Authors: Silva Hugo , Hernandez-Fernandez Patricia , Baden Ane K. , Hellstern Henrik L. , Kovyakh Anton , Wisaeus Erik , Smitshuysen Thomas , Chorkendorff Ib , Christensen Leif H. , Chakraborty Debasish , Kallesøe Christian
Published: October 2019

Supercritical flow technology was used for the one step production of PtPd and PtPdFe nanoparticles supported on high surface area γ-Al2O3.
The diverse mechanisms for the oxidative addition of C–Br bonds to Pd(PR3) and Pd(PR3)2 complexes
Authors: Besora Maria , Maseras Feliu
Published: October 2019

The reaction between bromobenzene and palladium(0) complexes leading to a palladium(ii) complex containing bromide and phenyl ligands is studied computationally with DFT methods.
Influence of nano-CuO and -TiO2 on deposition and detachment of Escherichia coli in two model systems
Authors: Mayton Holly M. , White Daniel , Marcus Ian M. , Walker Sharon L.
Published: October 2019

Copper oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles can influence fate of E. coli O157:H7 cells in agricultural environments, while high extracellular polymer production by non-pathogen E. coli 25922 inhibited the effects of nanoparticles in suspension.
Pilot-scale demonstration of an electrochemical system for lithium recovery from the desalination concentrate
Authors: Joo Hwajoo , Kim Seoni , Kim Seongsoo , Choi Minjune , Kim Seung-Hyun , Yoon Jeyong
Published: October 2019

Design and demonstration of a pilot-scale electrochemical lithium recovery system for the treatment of actual desalination concentrate.
Protective effect of pterostilbene on concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury
Authors: Wu Jiayan , Li Mengmeng , He Jingwen , Lv Ke , Wang Meiyan , Guan Wenqiang , Liu Jianfu , Tao Yongqing , Li Shiming , Ho Chi-Tang , Zhao Hui
Published: October 2019

Pterostilbene (PTE) is broadly found in berries and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
ROS self-generation and hypoxia self-enhanced biodegradable magnetic nanotheranostics for targeted tumor therapy
Authors: Li Jinghua , Liu Yun , Li Xiaonan , Liang Gaofeng , Ruan Changshun , Cai Kaiyong
Published: October 2019

A ROS self-generation and ROS self-enhancement theranostic nanoplatform for tumor therapy through a magnetocaloric effect and overcoming hypoxia.
Optothermal microbubble assisted manufacturing of nanogap-rich structures for active chemical sensing
Authors: Karim Farzia , Vasquez Erick S. , Sun Yvonne , Zhao Chenglong
Published: October 2019

Fabrication of nanogap-rich structures and active chemical sensing through an optothermally generated microbubble (OGMB).
A stretchable laminated GNRs/BNNSs nanocomposite with high electrical and thermal conductivity
Authors: Tan Cenxiao , Zhu Hongze , Ma Tiantian , Guo Wenzhe , Liu Xianghong , Huang Xingyi , Zhao Haiguang , Long Yun-Ze , Jiang Pingkai , Sun Bin
Published: October 2019

A highly stretchable conductor, based on laminated nanocomposites, with robust electric conductivity and enhanced thermal management capability was demonstrated.
Hierarchical macro-mesoporous g-C3N4 with an inverse opal structure and vacancies for high-efficiency solar energy conversion and environmental remediation
Authors: Tian Yunhao , Zhou Liang , Zhu Qiaohong , Lei Juying , Wang Lingzhi , Zhang Jinlong , Liu Yongdi
Published: October 2019

Hierarchical macro-mesoporous g-C3N4 with an inverse opal structure and vacancies was prepared and exhibited excellent performance for photocatalytic H2 production and antibiotic degradation.
Graphene oxide mediated co-generation of C-doping and oxygen defects in Bi2WO6nanosheets: a combined DRIFTS and DFT investigation
Authors: Sun Minglu , Dong Xing'an , Lei Ben , Li Jieyuan , Chen Peng , Zhang Yuxin , Dong Fan
Published: October 2019

The co-generation of C-doping and oxygen vacancies (OVs) in Bi2WO6nanosheets was achieved by a graphene oxide-mediated hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic performance was highly promoted in NO removal with the synergistic effects of C-doping and OVs.
Divergent pathway and reactivity control of intramolecular arene C–H vinylation by vinyl cations
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Shuo-Qing , Hong Xin
Published: October 2019

A computational study revealed the mechanistic details and controlling factors of reactivity in intramolecular C–H vinylation through a vinyl cation intermediate.
The light-controlling of temperature-responsivity in stimuli-responsive polymers
Authors: Abdollahi Amin , Roghani-Mamaqani Hossein , Razavi Bahareh , Salami-Kalajahi Mehdi
Published: October 2019

Light-controlling of phase separation in temperature-responsive polymer solutions by using light-responsive materials for reversible controlling physical and chemical properties of the media with an out-of-system stimulus with tunable intensity.
Poly(Boc-acryloyl hydrazide): the importance of temperature and RAFT agent degradation on its preparation
Authors: Creese Oliver , Adoni Pavan , Su Guanlong , Romanyuk Andrey , Fernandez-Trillo Paco
Published: October 2019

Improved conditions for the polymerization of Boc-acryloylhydrazide have been obtained through optimisation of the reaction temperature, achieving this way a compromise between rate of polymerization and rate of degradation of the RAFT agent.
Cryogenic toughness of natural silk and a proposed structure–function relationship
Authors: Fu Chengjie , Wang Yu , Guan Juan , Chen Xin , Vollrath Fritz , Shao Zhengzhong
Published: October 2019

A highly aligned and relatively independent nanofibril structure contributes to the cryogenic toughness of natural silk.
Hydrogen and steam injected tandem μ-reactor GC/FID system: phenol recovery from bisphenol A and alkylphenols using Ni/Y zeolite
Authors: Kumagai S. , Asakawa M. , Kameda T. , Saito Y. , Watanabe A. , Watanabe C. , Teramae N. , Yoshioka T.
Published: October 2019

Hydrogen and steam injected tandem μ-reactor-GC/FID system achieved online quantification of products from hydrogenation and dealkylation of bisphenol A and alkylphenols using Ni/Y zeolite.
Speech, Language, and Communication Skills of Adolescents With Craniofacial Microsomia
Authors: Collett Brent R. , Chapman Kathy , Wallace Erin R. , Kinter Sara L. , Heike Carrie L. , Speltz Matthew L. , Werler Martha
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Youth with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) have anomalies and comorbidities that increase their risk for speech, language, and communication deficits. We examined these outcomes in youth with and without CFM and explored differences as a function of CFM phenotype and hearing status.

Method

Participants included youth ages 11–17 years with CFM (
n
= 107) and demographically similar controls (
n
= 306). We assessed speech intelligibility, articulation, receptive and expressive language, and parent and teacher report measures of communication. Hearing status was also screened at the study visit. Group differences were estimated using linear regression analyses with standardized effect sizes (ES) adjusted for demographic characteristics (adjusted ES) or negative binomial regression.

Results

Youth with CFM scored lower than unaffected peers on most measures of intelligibility, articulation, expressive language, and parent- and-teacher-rated communication. Differences were most pronounced among participants with CFM who had mandibular hypoplasia plus microtia (adjusted ES = −1.15 to −0.18). Group differences were larger in youth with CFM who failed the hearing screen (adjusted ES = −0.73 to 0.07) than in those who passed the hearing screen (adjusted ES = −0.34 to 0.27).

Conclusions

Youth with CFM, particularly those with mandibular hypoplasia plus microtia and/or hearing loss, should be closely monitored for speech and language concerns. Further research is needed to identify the specific needs of youth with CFM as well as to document the course of speech and language development in children with CFM.
The Effects of International Experiential Learning on the Cultural Competence of College Students in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Vale Lindsay , Arnold Hayley S.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This study addressed a need in the discipline of communication sciences and disorders (CSD) to empirically assess interventions for training students to increase cultural competence. This study assessed the effect of an experiential learning opportunity (ELO), in which undergraduate students served as conversational partners to English language learners, on students' cultural competence. A secondary purpose was to assess the association between cultural competence and demographic characteristics to better inform future interventions.

Method

Undergraduate CSD majors who participated in a semester-length ELO and their classmates who did not participate in the ELO provided demographic information about cultural background and completed the Cultural Intelligence Scale (Ang et al., 2007) to assess cultural competence at the beginning and end of the semester. ELO participants' end-of-semester reflections were also analyzed for common themes.

Results

Questionnaire responses for the ELO participants, but not the control group, indicated that cognitive cultural competence significantly increased over the course of this intervention, which suggests the ELO increased participants' knowledge of other cultures. Qualitative analyses indicated that ELO participants found the experience to be positive and beneficial to their future professional careers. Although ELO participants did not significantly differ from the control group in demographic variables, findings indicated that respondents' years in college, parental country of origin, and respondents' learning of languages other than English were significantly associated with the Cultural Intelligence Scale scores.

Conclusion

The on-campus experiential service learning opportunity was associated with significantly increased cognitive cultural competence in undergraduate CSD majors. This educational intervention could serve as an accessible way to improve the ability for students to serve culturally and linguistically diverse populations.
A Guide to Coding and Billing for the Audiological Management of Patients Receiving Ototoxic Medical Treatments
Authors: Konrad-Martin Dawn , Swanson Neela , Garinis Angela
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Improved medical care leading to increased survivorship among patients with cancer and infectious diseases has created a need for ototoxicity monitoring programs nationwide. The goal of this report is to promote effective and standardized coding and 3rd-party payer billing practices for the audiological management of symptomatic ototoxicity.

Method

The approach was to compile the relevant
International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision
(ICD-10-CM) codes and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT; American Medical Association) codes and explain their use for obtaining reimbursement from Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance.

Results

Each claim submitted to a payer for reimbursement of ototoxicity monitoring must include both ICD-10-CM codes to report the patient's diagnosis and CPT codes to report the services provided by the audiologist. Results address the general 3rd-party payer guidelines for ototoxicity monitoring and ICD-10-CM and CPT coding principles and provide illustrative examples. There is no “stand-alone” CPT code for high-frequency audiometry, an important test for ototoxicity monitoring. The current method of adding a –22 modifier to a standard audiometry code and then submitting a letter rationalizing why the test was done has inconsistent outcomes and is time intensive for the clinician. Similarly, some clinicians report difficulty getting reimbursed for detailed otoacoustic emissions testing in the context of ototoxicity monitoring.

Conclusions

Ethical practice, not reimbursement, must guide clinical practice. However, appropriate billing and coding resulting in 3rd-party reimbursement for audiology services rendered is critical for maintaining an effective ototoxicity monitoring program. Many 3rd-party payers reimburse for these services. For any CPT code, payment patterns vary widely within and across 3rd-party payers. Standardizing coding and billing practices as well as advocacy including letters from audiology national organizations may be necessary to help resolve these issues of coding and coverage in order to support best practice recommendations for ototoxicity monitoring.
Adsorption isotherms and nucleation of methane and ethane on an analog of Titan’s photochemical aerosols
Authors: Rannou P. , Curtis D. , Tolbert M. A.
Published: October 2019

In planetary atmospheres, adsorption of volatile molecules occurs on aerosols prior to nucleation and condensation. Therefore, the way adsorption occurs affects the subsequent steps of cloud formation. In the classical theory of heterogeneous nucleation, several physical quantities are needed for gas condensing on a substrate like aerosols, such as the desorption energies of the condensing gases on the substrate and the wetting parameters of the condensed phases on the substrate. For most planetary atmospheres, the values of such quantities are poorly known. In cloud models, these values are often approximately defined from more or less similar cases or simply fixed to reproduce macroscopic observable quantities such as cloud opacities. In this work, we used the results of a laboratory experiment in which methane and ethane adsorption isotherms on tholin, an analog of photochemical aerosols, are determined. This experiment also permits determination of the critical saturation ratio of nucleation. With this information we then retrieved the desorption energies of methane and ethane, which are the quantitative functions describing the adsorption isotherms and wetting parameters of these two condensates on tholin. We find that adsorption of methane on tholin is well explained by a Langmuir isotherm and a desorption energy ΔFo = 1.519 ± 0.0715 × 10−20 J. Adsorption of ethane tholin can be represented by a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller isotherm of type III. The desorption energy of ethane on tholin that we retrieved is ΔFo = 2.35 ± 0.03 × 10−20 J. We also determine that the wetting coefficients of methane and ethane on tholin are m = 0.994 ± 0.001 and m = 0.966 ± 0.007, respectively. Although these results are obtained from experiments representative of the Titan case, they are also of general value in cases of photochemical aerosols in other planetary atmospheres.
A dense, solar metallicity ISM in the z = 4.2 dusty star-forming galaxy SPT 0418−47
Authors: De Breuck Carlos , Weiß Axel , Béthermin Matthieu , Cunningham Daniel , Apostolovski Yordanka , Aravena Manuel , Archipley Melanie , Chapman Scott , Chen Chian-Chou , Fu Jianyang , Jarugula Sreevani , Malkan Matt , Mangian Amelia C. , Phadke Kedar A. , Reuter Cassie A. , Stacey Gordon , Strandet Maria , Vieira Joaquin , Vishwas Amit
Published: October 2019

We present a study of six far-infrared fine structure lines in the z = 4.225 lensed dusty star-forming galaxy SPT 0418−47 to probe the physical conditions of its interstellar medium (ISM). In particular, we report Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) detections of the [OI] 145 μm and [OIII] 88 μm lines and Atacama Compact Array (ACA) detections of the [NII] 122 and 205 μm lines. The [OI] 145 μm/[CII] 158 μm line ratio is ∼5× higher compared to the average of local galaxies. We interpret this as evidence that the ISM is dominated by photo-dissociation regions with high gas densities. The line ratios, and in particular those of [OIII] 88 μm and [NII] 122 μm imply that the ISM in SPT 0418−47 is already chemically enriched to nearly solar metallicity. While the strong gravitational amplification was required to detect these lines with APEX, larger samples can be observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), and should allow observers to determine if the dense, solar metallicity ISM is common among these highly star-forming galaxies.
Breast Cancer in Indian Women: Genetic Risk Factors and Predictive Biomarkers
Authors: Saxena Sunita , Chakraborty Anurupa , Kaushal Mishi , Mohil R. S. , Mishra A. K. , Singh L. C. , Sharma Jaganath , Bansal Anju , Agrawal Usha , Mehta Jatin , Asthana Shailendra , Kataki Amal Chand , Kapur Sujala , Bhatnagar Dinesh ,   Chintamani
Published: October 2019

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Indian women with a significant increase in incidence in young women. To identify risk factors for breast cancer in young women, study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ line mutations was done in a cohort of 204 Indian breast cancer patients. The study showed a total of 18 mutations in 2.94% of the tested patients, 44% BRCA1 and 78% BRCA2 mutations were found unique to the Indian population. Association of low penetrance genes mainly CYP17, VDR gene and AR-CAG repeat polymorphisms with breast cancer risk showed CYP17 A2 and VDR Poly-A L as high risk alleles, the risk of developing breast cancer among women carrying three high-risk alleles is 4.68 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77–28.0; p for trend = 0.10) compared with women carrying none. CYP17 A2 allele was also found associated with development of breast cancer at young age and can also serve as a target for therapy. Betel quid chewing has been found as a significant and independent risk factor for developing breast cancer in North East Indian women which induces genetic alterations leading to breast carcinogenesis. Studies to assess the predictive role of various tumor markers showed that expression of p-glycoprotein in pretreatment biopsy predicts a poor clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients having locally advanced breast cancer. The chemotherapy-induced toxicity (vomiting and alopecia) correlated significantly with clinical and immunohistochemical response (reduction in bcl2/bax ratio) and were found to be a cost-effective and reliable predictor of response to NACT. Androgen receptor (AR) has been identified as independent predictive marker for response to NACT in locally advanced breast cancer cases and can serve as novel therapeutic target for triple negative breast cancers.
Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children Exposed in Utero to Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Getahun Darios , Fassett Michael J. , Jacobsen Steven J. , Xiang Anny H. , Takhar Harpreet S. , Wing Deborah A. , Peltier Morgan R.
Published: October 2019

Objective This study aimed to determine if hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk, and how this association is influenced by race, ethnicity, sex, exposure timing, and medication used to treat it.

Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study using records from 469,789 mother–child pairs who delivered at Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) hospital (1991–2014). Singleton-born children were followed longitudinally from 2 to 17 years of age. Clinical records were used to determine the diagnosis of HG and specialist-confirmed diagnosis of ASD.

Results Children exposed to HG in-utero had higher rates of ASD than unexposed children (2.87 vs. 1.71/1,000 person-years; adjusted hazard ratio [adj.HR]: 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–1.70). Children exposed at first and second trimester of pregnancies were more likely to develop ASD; 1.58-fold (95% CI: 1.40–1.79), and 1.36-fold (95% CI: 1.05–1.75), respectively, compared with unexposed children. HG was associated with ASD for boys (adj.HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.33–1.70) and girls (adj.HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.28–2.05). HG was significantly associated with ASD risk in white and Hispanic children. The medications used to treat HG did not contribute to ASD risk.

Conclusion HG diagnosis is associated with ASD risk and may be helpful in identifying at-risk children who could benefit from enhanced surveillance and earlier diagnosis and intervention.
Enhanced thermoelectric properties of semiconducting carbon nanotube films by UV/ozone treatment
Authors: Nonoguchi Yoshiyuki , Tani Atsushi , Kitano Takuya , Kawai Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2019

We examine the effect of UV/O3 oxidation on the thermoelectric properties of semiconducting carbon nanotube films. The oxidative UV/O3 treatment leads to the introduction of epoxy and carbonyl groups and a significant increase in the thermoelectric power factor up to 140 μW m−1 K−2. This power factor is three times larger than that of chemically-doped films because of the enhanced Seebeck coefficient. Characterization with Raman and mid-IR absorption/extinction spectroscopy reveals that the UV/ozone treatment results in simultaneous charge carrier doping and defect formation. This simple way of enhancing thermoelectric properties is suitable for the production of large-area, flexible thermoelectric devices based on semiconducting carbon nanotubes.
Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, interface-induced damping and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Pt/Co/W based multilayers
Authors: Benguettat-El Mokhtari I. , Mourkas A. , Ntetsika P. , Panagiotopoulos I. , Roussigné Y. , Cherif S. M. , Stashkevich A. , Kail F. , Chahed L. , Belmeguenai M.
Published: October 2019

[Pt(1.5 nm)/Co(tCo)/W(1.5 nm)]N multilayers of different Co thicknesses (tCo) and number of repeats (N) have been grown by sputtering on Si substrates, and their magnetic properties have been studied. The x-ray reflectivity has been used to measure thicknesses of each layer as well as their roughness. The dependence of the magnetic moment on tCo and N (as determined by vibrating sample magnetometry) indicates the existence of a magnetic dead layer, which increases with N and reaches its maximum values for N ≥ 3. A similar N dependence of the magnetization at saturation is found. Ferromagnetic resonance and Brillouin light scattering have been used to investigate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, damping, and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) vs Co thickness and the number of Pt/Co/W sequence repeats. We show that these parameters result from interface contributions that vary in a similar way with N, confirming that the first two Pt/Co/W trilayers are of lower quality. We thus conclude that for these systems, the increase of N improves the quality of interfaces and the volume of the stack, leading to the enhancement of the magnetic properties. Moreover, the measured weak iDMI constant, even for the higher N values, suggests that most probably, this iDMI results mainly from the Pt/Co interfaces.
Fabrication of silicon carbide nanoparticles using picosecond pulsed laser ablation in acetone with characterizations from TEM and XRD
Authors: Yamada Takumu , Araki Fumisato , Ishihara Jun , Miyajima Kensuke
Published: October 2019

We fabricated SiC nanoparticles (NPs) using a laser ablation method in acetone with a picosecond pulsed laser and characterized the resulting sizes, shapes, and crystal structures using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). We revealed two formation processes for the SiC NPs. The main process was the formation of spherical NPs with diameters primarily less than 10 nm. The crystal structure was 3C-SiC, which did not depend on a target polytype. Therefore, it is concluded that these NPs are grown from atomic molecules that disassociate from targets in the ablation process. As a result of a Rietbelt analysis of the XRD patterns, we clearly found that almost all NPs were single crystals. In addition, a stacking fault in the crystal was observed in the TEM image, which affects the XRD pattern. The other process was the formation of NPs with diameters from 30 to 80 nm with crystal structures that were the same as the targets. This indicates that these NPs were generated as fragments of the target. Our findings are useful for applications of SiC NPs to selectively control their size, shape, and crystal structure using laser ablation.
Testing an indirectly heated cathode ion source: Temperature and thermionic emission
Authors: Borges C. F. M. , Jerez M. A. , Parizat A.
Published: October 2019

Here we compare the cathode surface temperatures and thermionic emissions of a novel thermal barrier cathode against original equipment manufacturing (OEM). The new indirectly heated cathode ion source assembly employs a cathode cup unit and filament arrangement, where the filament has a flat face that is separated from the cup-shaped cathode body. The filament is placed in a space that is surrounded by a thermal barrier to reduce thermal losses. The thermal barrier is formed by a plurality of concentric foils that are closely spaced. We observed an improvement on the cathode surface temperature and thermionic emission relative to OEM. The addition of the thermal barrier in combination with the large cathode surface area increased the thermionic emission.
Doping with multiple cations and failure of charge transfer in large ionized helium droplets
Authors: Alghamdi Maha , Zhang Jie , Kong Wei
Published: October 2019

We report experimental observations of aniline (A) cations and He2+ when aniline is doped into ionized helium droplets. Large droplets containing 108 atoms are bombarded by energetic electrons, resulting in more than one positive charge in one droplet. When aniline encounters the charged droplets, some are ionized via charge transfer, while others can remain neutral in the presence of He2+ when the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of the droplet is sufficiently large. Upon resonant excitation of the dopant An or An+ (n ≥ 1), He2+ can be ejected. The excitation spectrum of He2+ becomes a juxtaposition of the spectra of An and An+. Moreover, an anticorrelation between the yields of He2+ and A+ is observed with increasing energies of the ionizing electrons. We attribute this result to the combined effect of reduction in m/z of the droplets and the different locations of He2+ and neutral An. Limited by the penetration depths of the ionizing electrons and further assisted by the Coulomb repulsion of coexisting cations, He2+ is located within 20 nm of the surface, while neutral An has an average position inside a large droplet. Upon resonant excitation of the interior An, He2+ is preferentially ejected. With increasing energies of the colliding electrons, the m/z of the droplets are reduced, leading to less effective charge shielding and more effective charge transfer, until ultimately, all He2+ can be neutralized to form A+.
The Fabrication of 2D Cu-Based MOF Nanosheets for DNA Detection
Authors: Qi Xuan , Xia Lingyu , Li Yunong , Wang Tieqiang , Zhang Xuemin , Chen Junyi , Zhang Liying , Fu Yu
Published: October 2019

The Cu-based metal–organic framework (MOF) analogues, copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (CuBDC), copper 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (Cu(2,6-NDC)), and copper 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate (Cu(1,4-NDC)) MOF nanosheets, are prepared as biosensor nanoplatforms for DNA detection by a spray method. With the ultrathin 2D structure, the fabricated MOF nanosheets exhibited better detection of target DNA, in particular when compared with the corresponding 3D MOF bulky crystals, when used as a DNA biosensor platform. The Cu(1,4-NDC) nanosheets display a distinct sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.3nM and linear range of 0–20nM, and selectivity for the target DNA or target DNA mixture. The feasible biosensor nanoplatform composed of 2D MOF nanosheets broadens the application scope of MOF nanosheets.
Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Myrtlemiris, evolution of endosomal spicules, description of two new species and Neomyrtlemiris, gen. nov. (Insecta : Heteroptera : Miridae : Orthotylinae)
Authors: Cheng Marina , Cassis Gerasimos
Published: October 2019

The mirid subfamily Orthotylinae is hyperdiverse in Australia but poorly described; this work is part of a series of papers on the documentation of this fauna. Two new species of the Australian endemic plant bug genus Myrtlemiris Cheng, Mututantri & Cassis (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini) are described as new to science: Myrtlemiris kararensis, sp. nov., and M. lochada, sp. nov. The new Australian genus and species Neomyrtlemiris picta gen. nov. et sp. nov. are also described. Myrtlemiris is analysed phylogenetically using 32 morphology-based characters, as well as molecular alignments (COI, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA; including 1958 base pairs) with the genus found to be monophyletic based on molecular, morphological and combined analyses. Neomyrtlemiris is the sister to Myrtlemiris. Host plant association analysis demonstrated constraints to the myrtaceous tribe Chamelaucieae, with Malleostemon and Calytrix recovered as ancestral host plants. Ancestral state reconstructions were carried out on male genitalic structures, demonstrating the phylogenetic value of endosomal spicules. This work demonstrates that the Orthotylinae are a rich component of Australia’s biodiversity, particularly in the south-west of Western Australia.
Addressing disparities in oral disease in Aboriginal people in Victoria: where to focus preventive programs
Authors: Martin-Kerry Jacqueline M. , Whelan Martin , Rogers John , Raichur Anil , Cole Deborah , de Silva Andrea M.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to determine where Aboriginal people living in Victoria attend public oral health services; whether they access Aboriginal-specific or mainstream services; and the gap between dental caries (tooth decay) experience in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people. Analysis was undertaken on routinely collected clinical data for Aboriginal patients attending Victorian public oral health services and the distribution of Aboriginal population across Victoria. Approximately 27% of Aboriginal people attended public oral health services in Victoria across a 2-year period, with approximately one in five of those accessing care at Aboriginal-specific clinics. In regional Victoria, 6-year-old Aboriginal children had significantly higher levels of dental caries than 6-year-old non-Aboriginal children. There was no significant difference in other age groups. This study is the first to report where Aboriginal people access public oral health care in Victoria and the disparity in disease between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal users of the Victorian public oral healthcare system. Aboriginal people largely accessed mainstream public oral healthcare clinics highlighting the importance for culturally appropriate services and prevention programs to be provided across the entire public oral healthcare system. The findings will guide development of policy and models of care aimed at improving the oral health of Aboriginal people living in Victoria.
Language attitudes modulate phonetic interactions between languages in bilingual speakers in diglossic
settings
Authors: Law Wai Ling , Dmitrieva Olga , Francis Alexander L.
Published: October 2019

Bilinguals’ attitudes toward their languages can be a major source of linguistic variability. However, the effect
of attitudes on crosslinguistic phonetic interactions in bilinguals remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the
possibility of such effects in Cantonese-English bilinguals in Hong Kong (n = 26). Participants produced
near-homophones in each language on separate days. Formant values of Cantonese [ɐ] and English [ʌ] and degrees of diphthongization
of Cantonese [o] and [ai], and English [oʊ] and [ai], were analyzed as a function of language proficiency, use, and language
attitude scores drawn from a background questionnaire. Participants’ attitudes toward Cantonese were predictive of the acoustic
difference between similar Cantonese and Hong Kong English (HKE) vowels: More Cantonese-oriented speakers produced greater
acoustic distance between crosslinguistically similar vowels. No effects of English attitudes, proficiency, or use were found.
These results demonstrate that bilinguals’ attitude toward their native language can affect the degree of phonetic similarity
between the two languages they speak.
The Nature of Legitimacy: Representations of the Natural World in Iskandar Beg Munshi’sTārīkh-e ʿĀlam-ārā-ye ʿAbbāsī
Authors: Sadan Amit
Published: October 2019

This article examines history-writing in Safavid Iran and, in particular, the notable chronicle from the time of Shah ʿAbbas I, theTārīkh-e ʿĀlam-ārā-ye ʿAbbāsī(TAAA). It rethinks Safavid history-writing via the perspective of environmental history. This article asks, “How was the natural world represented in the chronicle, and in what way did this representation shape the Safavid historical narrative?” It argues that the ways in which theTAAAportrays human encounters with nature suggest ʿAbbas’ unique sovereignty over it. Because of his piety and devotion, he was considered blessed with divine grace, making him the only human being with the ability to regulate natural manifestations—that is, to dominate, to manipulate, to survive, and to contain nature. Against a backdrop of an absence of environmental readings of Safavid history, the article suggests looking at theTAAA’s representation of this natural world as a powerful legitimizing force for ʿAbbas’ reign, as it is one that has not yet been foregrounded.
Motivational patterns in persistent swimmers: A serial mediation analysis
Authors: Teixeira D. S. , Pelletier L. G. , Monteiro D. , Rodrigues F. , Moutão J. , Marinho D. A. , Cid L.
Published: October 2019

Objective: The main objective of the present study was to examine the associations between coach‐created task‐involving climate and athletes’ intentions to continue practicing sport, through a serial mediation analysis that included basic psychological needs satisfaction (BPN), self‐determined motivation (SDM) and enjoyment. Methods: Seven‐hundred and ninety‐nine elite swimmers (450 males, 349 females; aged 12–22 years, M = 16.65, SD = 2.83) participated in the present study. Groups were created according to age, years of experience, and gender. Results: Serial mediation analysis provided support for the proposed model where BPN's and enjoyment represent the most important mediators between task‐involving climate and athletes’ intentions to continue sport practice. Conclusion: Enjoyment stands out as the most relevant predictor of intention to persist and as a significant mediator in the relation between task‐involvement climate, BPN, SDM, and long‐term sports practice. The task‐involving climate created by coaches appears to set in motion a sequence where the satisfaction of basic needs and SDM lead to more enjoyment and increased persistence among young athletes.
Neurodynamic sliders promote flexibility in tight hamstring syndrome
Authors: de Ridder Roel , De Blaiser Cedric , Verrelst Ruth , De Saer Roeland , Desmet Andreas , Schuermans Joke
Published: October 2019

Hamstring injury prevention puts emphasis on optimizing the muscle's strength–length relationship. To assure appropriate muscle length, flexibility training is imperative. As neurodynamics play an important role herein, the goal of this study was to explore the intervention effect of home‐based neurodynamic slider program on hamstring flexibility. Fifty physically active male subjects were randomly assigned to either performing a neurodynamic sliding technique (3 × 20 reps) or a static stretching protocol (3 × 30″) on a daily basis for a 6‐week period. Hamstring flexibility was assessed by means of the Straight Leg Raise at baseline, immediately after the intervention and after 4 weeks follow up. There was no between group baseline difference in hamstring flexibility. The repeated measure ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect for group × time (p < 0.001). Independent sample t‐test showed a significantly higher increase in flexibility gain in the neurodynamic group immediately after the intervention (p < 0.001), as well as at 4 weeks retention analysis (p = 0.001) compared to the static stretch group. In conclusion, neurodynamic sliders might be more efficient than regular static stretching in affecting hamstring flexibility in the long run.
Optimization of the mean-absolute deviation portfolio investment in some mining stocks using the singular covariance matrix method
Authors: Kalfin  , Sukono  , Carnia E
Published: October 2019

Investing in mining stocks, investors often face risk problems. Usually to minimize risk, it is done by forming an investment portfolio. This paper aims to discuss the optimization of the investment portfolio. The data analyzed are several mining stocks traded on the capital market in Indonesia. Optimization is done using the mean-absolute deviation model with the singular covariance matrix method and the non-singular covariance matrix method to determine the optimal weight of the two existing methods. Based on the results of the optimization, we can obtain a weight allocation composition that provides an optimal portfolio. In addition, we also estimate the amount of return on expectations and risks in the optimal portfolio formed. So that the composition of this optimal weight can be used as a consideration for investors in investing their capital in several analyzed mining stocks.
Conceptualization in solving a geometric-function problem: an effective and efficient process
Authors: Alghadari F , Yuni Y , Wulandari A
Published: October 2019

There has been more than one the solving process of the problem sometimes. It has been named an open-ended context when related to an approach, and in this study, purposed to use a geometric-function problem for analyzing each process that was experienced a student when they were conceptualizing the completion. Three students purposively who was a sample is registered by the senior high school in a science program at the region of West Jakarta, Indonesia. Student solved the problem in this explorative study, there were two choices of completion ways, technical or conceptual, but they used the procedural technique operational. Two conceptualizing process in solving the problem, it was constructing the algebraic representation of the function and organizing concepts. But, there is only one between the other where was effective and efficient of the process based on the perspective of the management theory. The first process was efficient by recognizing the function in algebraic and graphic representation. But, the second process affected the solution ineffective because all three students have been miss controlling the domain function concept even though it is a resource. So, an effective and efficient for learning is when students involving more conceptual knowledge.
Student’s mathematics literacy skills in solving of PISA type problems financial context
Authors: Dayona Gold , Zulkardi
Published: October 2019

From outstanding issues, about UN questions in Indonesia adopted from the standard PISA/TIMSS. Skills in PISA questions can be used as a reference to knowing students’ mathematics literacy skills. The challenge as a researcher now is to present questions that can be used for students practicing questions similar to PISA questions. The purpose of this article is to know students’ mathematical literacy skills in solving PISA type math problems that researchers have developed. The research method in this article is a design research type of development study which consists of two stages, namely preliminary and formative evaluation. The preliminary stage consists of analysis and design. And the formative evaluation stage consists of self-evaluation, expert reviews, one-to-one, small groups, and field test. Students’ mathematical literacy skills can be seen from the results of the field test. The mathematical literacy skills seen is communication skill, mathematizing skill, representation, reasoning and arguments skill, and skill to use mathematical tools.
Logical thinking skills of prospective elementary school teachers
Authors: Ristiana M G
Published: October 2019

A teacher should present a lesson concept well, not just only using it to solve a question on exams. However, the teacher should make their students understand all of the concepts. This thing should be built since we are in a golden age or elementary school. Elementary school teacher should have better skills in teaching, because they teach a lesson base, especially mathematics. If students do not understand the base of mathematics, they will not be able to solve more complex mathematics problems. Therefore, logical thinking skill is needed for this, especially for an elementary school teacher. This research aims to see whether students of prospective elementary school teacher have a good logical thinking skill or not. To do so, we used the descriptive qualitative method. We presented an easy mathematics questions to see their logical thinking skills. The result shows that prospective elementary school teacher students did not have good logical thinking skills yet. They still should increase their logical thinking skills to be a better teacher. Their lecturer should have a better teaching concept to make a better elementary school teacher later.
Effect of problem based learning with didactical engineering on student mathematical disposition
Authors: Miliyawati B , Herman T
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively describe the effect of problem based learning (PBL) with didactical engineering (DE) on students’ mathematical dispositions. The research method used was quasi-experimental, with the research design of Posttest-Only Design with Nonequivalent Groups. The population in this study were all eight grade students in one of the State Junior High Schools in Subang Regency and the samples involved were 43 students spread in two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The instruments used in this study were mathematical disposition scale questionnaires and guidelines for observing teacher and student activities. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and the statistical test used was the t test, Mann-Whitney test, two-way ANOVA. Based on the results of data analysis it can be concluded that learning factors influence the mathematical disposition of students but based on the PMA category does not affect the mathematical disposition, and there is no interaction between the learning model and the PMA category.
The Effect of STAD cooperative model by GeoGebra assisted on increasing students’ geometry reasoning ability based on levels of mathematics learning motivation
Authors: Rahmat  , Fahinu  , Alfat Sayahdin , Maryanti Era
Published: October 2019

This study aims to analyze the improvement of geometric reasoning abilities of students of SMA Negeri 1 Sampara, Kabupaten Konawe, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia. Here, we compare three models of learning; (1) STAD cooperative model by GeoGebra assisted; (2) a model of the STAD cooperative without assistance from GeoGebra; and (3) conventional learning models. This study was applied to three different classes, where each class consisted of the high, medium, and low motivation students. Data collection was done by giving a mathematics learning motivation questionnaire and giving a test of students’ geometric reasoning abilities. The data analysis technique uses inferential statistics to test normal assumptions and homogeneity and hypothesis testing using the One-Way ANOVA Test. Based on the results of the study showed that the effect of using the STAD type cooperative learning model with the help of GeoGebra was higher when compared to the other two models. That difference occurs at all levels of motivation. On the other hand, the STAD model without GeoGebra only affects high and moderate motivation students. Meanwhile, low motivation students did not show significant differences with the direct learning model.