bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stunting and relationship between stungting and some demographic and economic factors in children 6 to 24 months of age at Dak Glong district, Daknong province in 2020
Authors:   Hanoi University of Public health, Le Thi Thu Ha , Vu Xuan Tan , Le Van Tuan
Published: July 2021

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 432 children aged 6-24 months old and their mothers in communes of Dak Glong district, Dak Nong province in 2020. The aim of this research to establish prevalence of stunting children aged 6-24 months and some demographic and economic associated factors. The results showed the prevalence of stunting was 21.3%. Children having at least a disease until now get a 1.7 times higher risk of stunting (95% CI: 1.03-2.88) than the healthy ones. Especially, those weaning before 24 months old had a 2.3 times higher risk of malnutrition (95% CI: 1.05-3.25). Conclusion: the prevalence of stunting in children 6-24 months old in Dak Glong district was 21.3%; in which, in boys were 25.3%, in girls were 16.7%. There were some factors related to stunted children including: history of the disease, ethnicity, and weaning status of children. Keywords: stunting, children 6-24 months, the relationship
Accretion onto Stars in the Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Dittmann Alexander J. , Cantiello Matteo , Jermyn Adam S.
Published: July 2021

Disks of gas accreting onto supermassive black holes are thought to power active galactic nuclei (AGN). Stars may form in gravitationally unstable regions of these disks, or may be captured from nuclear star clusters. Because of the dense gas environment, the evolution of these embedded stars can diverge dramatically from those in the interstellar medium. This work extends previous studies of stellar evolution in AGN disks by exploring a variety of ways in which accretion onto stars in AGN disks may differ from Bondi accretion. We find that tidal effects from the supermassive black hole significantly alter the evolution of stars in AGN disks, and that our results do not depend critically on assumptions about radiative feedback on the accretion stream. Thus, in addition to depending on the ambient density and sound speed, the fate of stars in AGN disks depends sensitively on the distance to and mass of the supermassive black hole. This affects the location in the disk in which stellar explosions occur, where compact remnants form and potentially merge to produce gravitational waves, and where different types of chemical enrichment take place.
Innovative Solutions for Clinical Education during a Global Health Crisis
Authors: Logue Melanie , Olson Cynthia , Mercado Marylou , McCormies Carolyn
Published: July 2021

Lack of clinical experience availability has been a longstanding concern for academic programs in nursing. The continued decrease in clinical group size and the number of students that an organization will allow for clinical experiences has been a growing issue that requires innovation to create alternative clinical experiences to meet program, student, and governing agency requirements. When the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, emerged in early 2020, resulting in a global pandemic, the impact included nursing education. Students were no longer allowed in clinical facilities due to attempts to contain the virus and lack of personal protective equipment. Many programs were underprepared and had to quickly adjust to meet clinical requirements for students to complete courses. This article discusses several impacts in the context of policymakers, regulators, and nursing practice, with specific examples from policy changes that occurred in the state of Arizona. We describe the nursing program response to pandemic challenges with examples of innovative solutions in practice and policy that informed the rapid shift to nontraditional student experiences.
Dose Response in the Subthreshold Nanosecond Laser Trial in Early Stages of AMD: A LEAD Study Report
Authors: Cohn Amy C. , Runciman Jim , Hodgson Lauren A.B. , Caruso Emily , Arnold Jennifer J. , Chen Fred K. , Chakravarthy Usha , Heriot Wilson J. , Guymer Robyn H. , Wu Zhichao ,   For the LEAD Study Group
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To examine the association between treatment parameters and the progression to late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Laser Intervention in Early Stages of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (LEAD) study, a randomized, controlled trial of a subthreshold nanosecond laser (SNL) for slowing disease progression in the early stages of AMD.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

The association between treatment parameters early in the trial period for participants in the SNL arm of the LEAD study and time to develop late AMD during the 3-year trial duration was examined. Parameters included treatment energy at the baseline and 6-month visits and the number of laser spots visible on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging taken at 6 and 12 months (taken as a proxy measure of early, adequate delivery of the laser treatment at the baseline and 6-month visits, respectively).

RESULTS:

A multivariable analysis revealed there were no significant associations between time to develop late AMD and number of FAF-visible laser spots at 6-months (adjusted
P
= .537) nor laser energy used at baseline (adjusted
P
= .910). No significant associations were also observed when evaluating FAF-visible spots at 12-months (adjusted
P
= .107) and the average laser energy used at baseline and 6 months (adjusted
P
= .558).

CONCLUSIONS:

This study did not find any evidence to suggest that there was a dose response for the effect of laser treatment using these treatment parameters on the progression of AMD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2021;52:380–386.]
Fast growth and fixed points of solutions of higher-order linear differential equations in the unit disc
Authors: Chen Yu ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Jiangxi Normal University, 330022, Nanchang, China, Deng Guantie ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Laboratory of mathematics and Complex Systems of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we investigate the fast growing solutions of higher-order linear differential equations where $ A_0 $, the coefficient of $ f $, dominates other coefficients near a point on the boundary of the unit disc. We improve the previous results of solutions of the equations where the modulus of $ A_{0} $ is dominant near a point on the boundary of the unit disc, and obtain extensive version of iterated order of solutions of the equations where the characteristic function of $ A_{0} $ is dominant near the point. We also obtain a general result of the iterated exponent of convergence of the fixed points of the solutions of higher-order linear differential equations in the unit disc. This work is an extension and an improvement of recent results of Hamouda and Cao.
Huella digital y trazabilidad narrativa/Huella narrativa y trazabilidad digital
Authors: Cocq Coppélie
Published: July 2021

Las historias que contamos y nos cuentan, las imágenes que vemos y compartimos, las formas en que nos comunicamos, encuentran nuevos caminos y se expresan en nuevas formas de redes, otras ágoras (para tomar prestada la terminología de Foley) y a un ritmo más rápido. No obstante, conviene examinar en qué consiste la novedad de la narración contemporánea cuando conquista formas y entornos digitales. Del mismo modo, lo digital nos brinda nuevas herramientas y posibilidades de acceso a los datos, pero ¿cuánto se han transformado y cambiado realmente nuestras disciplinas, métodos, enfoques y conceptos? Y ¿cuánto hemos valorado la capacidad de adaptación de nuestras disciplinas para emprender el estudio de lo que ocurre en línea y en relación con lo digital? Desde este punto de vista, este trabajo presta especial atención a las huellas y la trazabilidad de nuestra actividad y de nuestros datos, para resaltar los flujos, la continuidad y los cambios en lo que hacemos y contamos. Basándome en ejemplos procedentes de una gran variedad de contextos, ilustro cómo nuestra búsqueda de renovación, novedad e innovación está fuertemente anclada, sujeta y depende de nuestros hábitos, costumbres y de la capacidad de observar el mundo que nos rodea. Además, sostengo que tanto en la investigación como en la narración de historias, el valor de lo antiguo es igual al valor de la novedad y la originalidad.
¿Cuántos son demasiados antibióticos? Reflexiones acerca del uso y consumo de antibióticos
Authors: Moreno Lozano Cristina
Published: July 2021

El número de antibióticos efectivos para el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas va en descenso sin que la innovación médica consiga alcanzar una solución tecnológica de manera rápida. Mientras, el desarrollo de resistencias antimicrobianas - es decir, el desarrollo de cambios genéticos en las poblaciones de microorganismos patógenos y no patógenos que nos rodea - parece ir en incremento. Frente a este problema de salud, el uso de antibióticos (así como la resistencia antimicrobiana) está apareciendo como objeto de investigación social, en parte debido al inminente fracaso de la innovación biomédica para encontrar soluciones a este problema. El objetivo de este artículo es abrir una reflexión preliminar para una investigación etnográfica cuyo objeto de estudio fuera el antibiótico. Para ello, primero se considerará la manera en la que datos, números y estadísticas sobre consumo de antibióticos se están creando y utilizando (o desaprovechando) para legitimar la creación de políticas públicas que gobiernen las resistencias microbianas. Después, se situará esta línea de investigación dentro del contexto más amplio de la Antropología de los medicamentos, deseando abrir una reflexión sobre las relaciones entre los conceptos de uso y consumo de medicamentos como punto de partida para una etnografía sobre antibióticos en el ámbito español.
Articuler collaboration et représentation en gouvernance collaborative : une perspective communicationnelle
Authors: Benoît-Barné Chantal , Robichaud Daniel
Published: July 2021

Cet article rend compte de l’étude d’une initiative de gouvernance collaborative destinée à introduire des mesures innovantes de sécurité routière dans une juridiction canadienne. Il montre comment une attention aux pratiques de communication et à leurs effets constitutifs permet de saisir de quelles manières les acteurs gèrent l’un des principaux défis connus de ce type d’initiative : celui d’affronter les tensions inévitables entre l’impératif de représenter les intérêts de son organisation d’appartenance, et de collaborer positivement à la productivité du groupe. L’article décrit les manifestations de ces tensions et dégage deux types de pratiques communicatives permettant de composer avec elles dans le cas d’une collaboration réussie.
La constitution communicationnelle d’un programme de valorisation de la diversité ethnoculturelle : une étude de cas
Authors: Caïdor Pascale
Published: July 2021

L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment l’approche ventriloque/CCO permet d’éclairer l’étude du processus d’implantation d’un programme de valorisation de diversité ethnoculturelle au sein d’une grande organisation parapublique. Cette étude empirique présente comment les acteurs organisationnels s’approprient ou au contraire résistent à ce type d’initiative.
Quelques questions prudentes concernant les approches CCO
Authors: Le Moënne Christian
Published: July 2021

Ce numéro spécial célèbre un anniversaire qui n’en est pas un, puisque la recherche en communication organisationnelle n’a pas attendu l’an 2000 pour suggérer l’adéquation entre communication et organisation. Cela dit, fêter les 20 des approches CCO est l’occasion de réfléchir sur la manière dont s’est structurée la recherche. Dans ce texte, l’auteur questionne un certain nombre de présupposés des approches CCO, notamment sa cristallisation autour d’écoles de pensée fondées sur des auteurs tels que Giddens et Luhmann. Il invite également les chercheurs CCO à réviser leur conception de l’organisation elle-même, de la distinction entre communication et information et de la place des objets dans leurs efforts théoriques, pour, enfin, redéployer leur portée critique.
De la constitution communicationnelle des organisations à l’organisation du social : enjeux et perspectives pour les ACO et la CCO
Authors: Bouillon Jean-Luc , Loneux Catherine
Published: July 2021

Le présent article poursuit l’objectif de mettre en relation les ACO (Approches Communicationnelles des Organisations) avec le champ de recherche international en Communication Constitutive des Organisations (CCO), en présentant leurs différences et leurs complémentarités conceptuelles, mais aussi en analysant leurs prolongements et perspectives actuelles de développement théorique et empirique.
Flattening the Curve of Fake News in the Epoch of Infodemic
Authors: Durodolu Oluwole Olumide , Chisita Collence Takaingenhamo , Dube Tinyiko Vivian
Published: July 2021

Globally, no country has been spared by the spectre of the COVID-19 pandemic and infodemic that continues to wreak havoc on the socio-economic and political stability of governments and communities. The oxymoronic nature of fake news raises many questions with regards to the issues of authenticity because the concept of news is underpinned by verifiability. While fake news lacks variability, it is surprising that its digital imprint on the social media platforms continues to leave indelible marks that will undermine democracy, responsible journalism, and the benefits of the digital media. It is against this background that this chapter seeks to find strategies to flatten the curve of fake news in the epoch of the COVID-19 pandemic and infodemic, an epistemic challenge. The chapter is based on a positivist research methodology that sought to gather views from the study respondents on their epistemic experiences with fake news amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and infodemic. It seeks to gather views to counter the upsurge of fake news amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
Development of the Five-Factor Holistic Ethical Leadership Questionnaire
Authors: Gemechu Tariku Fufa , Winston Bruce E.
Published: July 2021

The authors present three studies that develop the five-scale measurement for holistic ethical leadership questionnaire. Study 1 reports the scale development process using predominately non-Western participants. Study 2 tests the five-scale instrument for convergent and discriminant validity as well as test-retest reliability using a subset of the sample who participated in Study 1. Study 3 used a sample of USA residents for confirmatory factor analysis from which a single factor emerged to measure holistic ethical leadership. The authors concluded that the five-scale instrument should be used when measuring non-Western participants and the single-scale should be used when measuring USA residents. The authors recommended follow-up research using qualitative methods to better understand the reasons why the single-scale measure works well with USA residents.
Ensuring the Quality of Information by Creating a Sustainable Framework in the Context of CSR Reporting
Authors: Farcane Nicoleta , Bunget Ovidiu Constantin , Blidisel Rodica , Dumitrescu Alin Constantin , Deliu Delia , Bogdan Oana , Burca Valentin
Published: July 2021

This chapter aims to identify basic pillars around which issues related to non-financial reporting are going to be outlined by testing the quality of information presented by the top 50 largest listed companies according to non-financial reporting criteria, considering the environment, human and social resources, human rights, and the fight against corruption. By highlighting the diversity of information disclosed by the corporations (i.e., the economic, social, and environmental impact caused by the daily activities carried out), common benchmarks that determine the quality assurance are ascertained. Research methods include quantitative analysis of the sustainability reports, along with the authors' observation regarding the existing frame of reference. Findings show that there is significant diversity in how non-financial information regarding CSR is disclosed. Modeling a unitary reporting framework could be the keystone to which companies could relate in ensuring a good correlation with users' need for accurate, reliable, and relevant information.
Hybrid Workplace
Authors: Iqbal Kanwar Muhammad Javed , Khalid Farooq , Barykin Sergey Yevgenievich
Published: July 2021

The hybrid workplace is a concept on the lips of every industry trend in the world today. With digitalization becoming more normalized across every sphere in the global village. Every workplace needs to maximize and transcend obstacles and innovations to ease into the hybrid workplace. The COVID-19 pandemic brought a wave for an increased need for a hybrid workplace. Although some countries have relaxed the lockdown in their states, businesses are taking their time to set up a more formidable work arrangement. Many are already operating the hybrid system while others are running fully remote. The pandemic has taught the work a lesson of preparation and planning. Beyond that is also the lesson of flexibility and adaptability in the workplace. In prioritizing the future of work, there is the need to embrace the hybrid workplace model. Indeed, the future of work would likely be the hybrid workplace model.
The Influence of Activated Dispersed Additives on Electrical Conductivity of Anhydrite Compositions
Authors: Yakovlev Grigory Ivanovich , Begunova Ekaterina V. , Drochytka Rostislav , Melichar Jindřich , Pudov Igor Aleksandrovich , Saidova Zarina
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of studies of the structure and properties of a fluorohydrite binder modified by a chrysotile nanotubes dispersion in a medium of calcium nitrate solution. It is shown that addition of this modifier into the anhydrite composition leads to a 106-fold decrease in electrical resistance. Microstructural analysis of the fluorohydrite composition showed changes in the morphology of new formations with the creation of crystalline hydrates of increased density. The presence of elongated nanocrystals on the surface of the hardened matrix was noted. In addition, IR spectrum absorption lines, prove the presence of calcium nitrate in the pore space of the composition, which contributes to a significant decrease in the electrical resistance of the developed composite.
Norm-attaining lattice homomorphisms
Authors: Dantas Sheldon , Martínez-Cervantes Gonzalo , Rodríguez Abellán José David , Rueda Zoca Abraham
Published: July 2021

In this paper we study the structure of the set

{\rm Hom}(X,\mathbb{R})

of all lattice homomorphisms from a Banach lattice

X

into

\mathbb{R}

. Using the relation among lattice homomorphisms and disjoint families, we prove that the topological dual of the free Banach lattice

{\rm FBL}(A)

generated by a set

A

contains a disjoint family of cardinality

2^{|A|}

, answering a question of B. de Pagter and A. W. Wickstead. We also deal with norm-attaining lattice homomorphisms. For classical Banach lattices, as

c_0

,

L_p

- and

C(K)

-spaces, every lattice homomorphism on it attains its norm, which shows, in particular, that there is no James theorem for this class of functions. We prove that, indeed, every lattice homomorphism on

X

and

C(K,X)

attains its norm whenever

X

has order continuous norm. On the other hand, we provide what seems to be the first example in the literature of a lattice homomorphism which does not attain its norm. In general, we study the existence and characterization of lattice homomorphisms not attaining their norm in free Banach lattices. As a consequence, it is shown that no Bishop–Phelps type theorem holds true in the Banach lattice setting, i.e., not every lattice homomorphism can be approximated by norm-attaining lattice homomorphisms.
Comparison of COVID-19 and common cold chemosensory dysfunction
Authors: Huart C. , Philpott C. , Konstantinidis I. , Altundag A. , Whitcroft K.L. , Trecca E.M.C. , Cassano M. , Rombaux Ph. , Hummel T.
Published: July 2021

Anosmia constitutes a prominent symptom of COVID-19. However, anosmia is also a common symptom of acute colds of various origins. In contrast to an acute cold, it appears from several questionnaire-based studies that in the context of COVID-19 infection, anosmia is the main rhinological symptom and is usually not associated with other rhinological symptoms such as rhinorrhoea or nasal obstruction. Until now, no study has directly compared smell and taste function between COVID-19 patients and patients with other causes of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) using valid and reliable psychophysical tests. In this study, we aimed to objectively assess and compare olfactory and gustatory functions in 10 COVID-19 patients (PCR diagnosed, assessed on average 2 weeks after infection), 10 acute cold (AC) patients (assessed before the COVID-19 outbreak) and 10 healthy controls, matched for age and sex. Smell performance was assessed using the extended "Sniffin' Sticks" test battery (4), while taste function was assessed using "taste strips" (5). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were built to probe olfactory and gustatory scores in terms of their discrimination between COVID-19 and AC patients. Our results suggest that mechanisms of COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction are different from those seen in an AC and may reflect, at least to some extent, a specific involvement at the level of central nervous system in some COVID-19 patients. In the future, studies to assess the prevalence of persistent anosmia and neuroanatomical changes on MRI correlated to chemosensory function, will be useful to understand these mechanisms.
Efficacy and Safety of Thalidomide in Patients with Complicated Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Panda Prateek Kumar , Panda Pragnya , Dawman Lesa , Sihag Rakesh Kumar , Sharawat Indar Kumar
Published: July 2021

Thalidomide, an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent, has a potential role in cases with central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) with paradoxical reactions. Although several articles have described the use of thalidomide in CNS-TB, no systematic review has been performed in this regard. Different electronic databases were searched for articles describing the use of thalidomide in patients with CNS-TB. For determining pooled estimates in the quantitative review, studies with a minimum sample size of 5 were only considered, whereas for qualitative synthesis even single case reports were included. Fixed or random effect models were used suitably depending on the degree of heterogeneity. Fourteen articles describing a total of 107 patients (98 children and 9 adults) were selected from 156 records. A favorable clinical response was observed in 89% of patients with CNS-TB who had paradoxical reactions refractory to corticosteroids. Majority of the studies used a dose of 2–6 mg/kg/day and around 24% suffered from at least one adverse effect, with a mortality of 5%. Predominant adverse effects were rash (9.5%), neuropathy (6%), and elevated liver transaminases (9.5%). Only one placebo-controlled trial has been performed till now, which showed that high-dose thalidomide has numerous adverse effects, without any clinically significant improvement as compared with placebo. While in HIV-positive patients with TB-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome thalidomide was helpful in around 82% of cases. Low-dose thalidomide is helpful in patients with CNS-TB who had a paradoxical reaction and unresponsive to corticosteroids. Large, randomized trials are needed to provide more concrete information regarding the safety and efficacy of thalidomide.
Tuberculous Encephalitis May Be Undetectable on Magnetic Resonance Imaging but Detectable on 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography
Authors: Maramattom Boby Varkey , Santhamma Shagos Gopalan Nair
Published: July 2021

Neurotuberculosis (NT) continues to be a global health problem with severe morbidity and mortality. The manifestations of NT are well-known and encompass forms such as meningitis, tuberculomas, military tuberculosis, ventriculitis, and brain abscess. Data of all patients with central nervous system tuberculosis who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) were analyzed. Over a 7-year period (2014–2021), we encountered three patients who had dense neurological deficits and 18F-FDG PET-CT results suggesting focal cortical encephalitis. 18F-FDG PET-CT demonstrated focal hypermetabolism involving focal–regional areas of the left hemisphere that corresponded to clinical deficits in two of the three patients. Follow-up 18F-FDG PET-CT showed improvement in cortical hypermetabolism in all three patients that corresponded with clinical improvement. MRI of the brain with contrast showed subtle leptomeningeal enhancement in these areas, along with other features of NT, but it could not detect cortical involvement. A literature review also revealed some previous descriptions that seemed to be consistent with tuberculous encephalitis (TbE). TbE seems to be a distinct subset of NT and may coexist with other features of NT or disseminated tuberculosis. It may be detected by 18F-FDG PET-CT even when brain MRI does not show any evident abnormality to explain a focal neurological deficit. 18F-FDG PET-CT can be considered during the evaluation and monitoring of NT to detect TbE. The presence of TbE may affect the prognosis and treatment duration of NT.
A.I.R.: From Radical Individuality to Connected Subjectivity
Authors: Cuesta Fernández Elisa , De la Torre Luque María Victoria , Arnanz Coll Pedro
Published: July 2021

Humans are part of an interlinked world crossed by overlapping flows: substances, beings and information. The major global events that have unfolded throughout 2020 have profoundly altered the social system, revealing deep structural weak spots, and pushed its resilience to the limit, nearly causing its suffocation. This context has called into question our anthropocentric mindset and has led us to critically revise how we think about the (eco)systems we are part of, how we act within them, what is our agency to drive meaningful shifts, and with which tools we can do so. For nine months during which life and art became part of a single space, we, three artists and designers in collaboration with a diverse team of researchers, explored the way in which our individual and collective agency is affected by how close – both emotionally and physically – we feel to others, whether human or not. By navigating through art and design approaches, we imagined perspectives to defy our dualist, linear and Cartesian point of view to question how, as our system regains its speed, we can move towards a more connected sense of being. A systemic thinking toolkit, dozens of conversations, a breathing body, a poem and a visual essay have unfolded during this time, giving shape to the project A.I.R. Air[noun, uncountable], the mixture of gases we breathe; air[noun, uncountable], the space that circulates everything; but also A.I.R., an acronym for “artists in residency”, or more accurately, artists in remoteness. Air that we have lacked too often during these nine months. Air that can be the deepest kind of embrace, in these times pierced by radical forms of isolation. We start weaving our ideas around the notions of systems, agency and closeness by asking: how close do you feel?
Evolution of Construction Materials and Sustainability
Authors: Borade Rohan , Borade Rohan , Borade Rohan , Borade Rohan
Published: July 2021

Increasing demand of human beings has a greater effect on the self-sustaining nature of Earth. New technologies facilitated the new generations but created a question mark on the existence of the next generation. The only way to remove this possibility is sustainable development. Through this paper review of evolution of various construction materials is drawn from sustainability aspects and various alternative solutions are highlighted. From the evolutionary history of construction materials, it is found that all other materials have some sustainability issue or construction issue and hence with the development of advanced material their use in construction is reduced. With this study it has been concluded that concrete has been a widely used construction material since the 19th century. With the advancement in concrete technology this will remain popular for a longer time and hence those aspects of concrete which create sustainability issues are to be resolved.
Managing Multiple and Conflicting Reputations in Global Organizations
Authors: Harvey William S.
Published: July 2021

Leaders need to consider how to manage multiple and conflicting reputations in global organizations. There are three interrelated sets of inputs to consider. First, relational factors such as an organization’s past activities and wider threats. Second, antecedents such as stakeholder experiences, organizational actions and third-party reporting. Third, intermediaries such as popular, mass and social media. Leaders of global organizations can manage multiple and conflicting reputations in several ways. First, by addressing what is salient for stakeholders alongside what organizations consider as salient. Second, balancing compromise with intransigence to build trust with stakeholders. Third, managing brand, communication and public relations activity from headquarters as a networked hub. Fourth, connecting activities between its past and present as well as with its planned future global activities.
Veliki drugi i (ne)mogućnost dostizanja realnog: lakanovski pristup priči „Crna mačka” Edgara Alana Poa
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Stojanović Aleksandra
Published: July 2021

The paper aims to analyze the narrator of “The Black Cat” by using Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalytic approach. In an attempt to explain what seems like utterly irrational actions, we took a closer look at the story through Lacan’s notions of the Symbolic, the Real and the big Other. The black cat will be represented as the big Other, a figure that has full control over the Symbolic order in which the narrator is trapped. Frustration due to his inability to escape from this order leads to the narrator’s desire to destroy what he sees as an obstacle on his path towards attaining the Real. No matter the number of attempts to kill the cat, which would lead to his freedom, the narrator’s desire remains unfulfilled. As the black cat is represented as the big Other, the narrator’s attempts to murder the creature are seen as an attempt to escape the Symbolic. The possibility of leaving the Symbolic and reaching the Real are examined in the paper as the narrator’s ultimate attempt at freedom.
Nauka ili pseudonauka – primer istraživanja telepatije
Authors:   Academy of Educational and Medical Vocational Studies Kruševac, Veljković Bojan M.
Published: July 2021

It is not always easy to draw a dividing line between true scientific theo- ries, erroneous but verifiable scientific theories and pseudo-scientific ones that are impos- sible to verify. As an example, this paper presents researches on various phenomena of extra-sensory perception, precognition, clairvoyance, distance communication, premonition for receiving SMS messages, phone calls or e-mails, which are classified in the domain of telepathy research. They were conducted within different paradigms, with diverse re- search methodologies and approaches, from anecdotal experiences, case studies and intui- tive reasoning, to careful recording of data and their statistical processing. In recent years, researches have been conducted using state-of-the-art “brain-to-brain” technology, which is used to register brain activities of the research participants. Telepathy has not remained uninteresting even to some modern physicists who find in Einstein’s theory of relativity and the laws of quantum physics the possibility of postulating a new quantum model of telepathy. This new, unconventional approach to the research of telepathy is conditioned by the paradigm shift in the research of this phenomenon and significant shifts from the pseudo-scientific to the scientific approach. This paper aims to point out the necessity of setting a clear demarcation line between scientific and pseudo-scientific research and building the ability of critical thinking, which is a condition for differentiating science from pseudoscience. Using a specific example of the phenomenon of telepathy, we underlined the importance of research in the development of scientific knowledge, but the kind of research that meets the reproducibility and verifiability criteria that clearly differentiate science from pseudoscience.
Karakteristike komunikacije o sportu na društvenim mrežama
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Lazarević Jelena
Published: July 2021

Тhis paper deals with characteristics of communication about sports in social media, based on examples in Serbian language. The corpus consists of contents in Serbian from Twitter and Instagram, while the Spanish language equivalents are included as a part of contrastive analysis. The study results show that expressions describing sporting events have adequate equivalents in Serbian and Spanish, while the degree of presence of foreign terms and internationalisms differs. The results also show that there are two currents within Serbian users of these social media: liberal and conservative. The liberal users treat both Serbian alphabets equally, or give preference to Latin, often without diacritics. The conservative ones utilize Cyrillic as the primary way of expressing their national identity. The use of emoticons and emojis is common. Social networks have created an illusion of closeness with athletes and clubs, and communication between athletes and fans is extreme- ly open. Despite obvious contrasts between Serbian and Spanish, there are similarities in the perception of sports as a social phenomenon. Contents about sports in the new media are increasing, as well as the number of studies about sports discourse, which will contribute to the understanding of the changes in the Serbian language.
Pragmatičke informacije u dvojezičnim rečnicima za jezički par nemački i srpski (ili hrvatski)
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Stojanović Jovana
Published: July 2021

Summary: This paper examines pragmatic information in the more extensive general German–Serbian (or Croatian), and Serbian (or Croatian)–German dictionaries: Osnovni rečnik nemačko-srpski i srpsko-nemački sa nemačkom i srpskom gramatikom (Đukanović et al. 2006); PONS. Univerzalni nemačko-srpski rečnik (Nikolić et al. 2010); NSSN. Nemačko- srpski i srpsko-nemački rečnik sa gramatikom (Vladović et al. 2008) and Njemačko-hrvatski univerzalni rječnik (Hansen-Kokoruš et al. 2005). Under pragmatic features of lexemes that should be marked in dictionaries, the author includes the following categories: 1) diachron- ic; 2) diatopic; 3) dia-integrative; 4) diamedial, 5) diastratic; 6) diaphasic, 7) diatextual, 8) diatechnical, 9) diafrequent, 10) diaevaluative, and 11) dianormative. The analysis points to the following: lexemes and their quoted equivalents often bear the same meaning at the lexical level, while not at the pragmatic – their use does not result in the same communicative effect with a collocutor. Poor lexicographic processing and lack of pragmatic information are distinctively visible in cases when some lexeme in the German language is marked in a diastratic and diaphasic manner. It is not only the indicators that are applied inconsistently, but other categories of information within the dictionary article do not show the marked lexemes to the user (except in the dictionary Njemačko-hrvatski univerzalni rječnik). Furthermore, culture-specific lexemes and culture-conditioned differ- ences in the use of lexical units are marginally treated in the analysed bilingual dictionaries. Although the selection of language tools depends on the context and perspective of the speaker, a good-quality general bilingual dictionary should pay more attention to informing users about the pragmatic aspects of lexemes and their typical use in accordance with the purpose of such a dictionary and target group. The key moment is that the general bilingual dictionary is directed only toward native speakers of some language – in this case the speakers of the Serbian language (or Croatian) with L2 in the German language, in order to make the information in the dictionary relevant to the target group. Additionally, the author suggests the implementation of other lexicographic means, such as examples, paraphrases, collocations, encyclopedic information, and open pragmatic comments that are transparent for the average user of the general bilingual dictionary.
Figura učitelja u novelama „Zaprega”, „Profesor književnosti”, „Čovek u futroli” i „Učitelj” Antona Pavloviča Čehova
Authors:   University of Priština – Kosovska Mitrovica Faculty of Teacher Education in Prizren, Cvetković Raisa , Soleša Biljana
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the interpretive potential of the character of the teacher in selected stories by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. The stories thematize school life, with special attention to the character of the teacher, who is not perceived as a source of knowledge, but as a discontent, unfulfilled individual whose attitudes and ideas belong to ideological and cultural framework of the epoch. The introductory part of the paper gives an overview of the topic of school in Russian literature, as well as Chekhov’s views about the importance of education. The central part of the paper deals with interpretation of Chekhov’s stories “In the Cart”, “The Teacher of Literature”, “The Man in a Case” and “The Schoolmaster”. The analysis of the traits of the main characters also reveals the spir- ritual climate, misunderstanding and negative attitude of the community toward education and teachers, which significantly affect the characters’ formation. In the final part of the paper, the character of the teacher is analysed from the point of view of the chronotope of the school. The school is not represented as a temple of knowledge, but rather as an envi- ronment full of anxiety, superficiality, lacking in freedom, enthusiasm and driving ideas.
Development of Methodology Successful Realization of the Teaching Process
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Ružičić Vesna
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the development of a methodology for successful reali- zation of the teaching process and an example of its application in ICS area of Information Technology (IT), ICS1 = 35 whereby ICS areas are assigned measurable quantitative indicators of innovation. The study presents the research results of the innovation intensity of knowledge which are highly significant for teaching process quality improvement on the ISO and SRPS plat- forms. At the very beginning of every teaching process there is a need to select suitable methods for performing teaching in such a way that it is in accordance with objectives of that teaching process. In addition, the teaching process can be maximally adjusted ‒ or kept unchanged, as much as possible ‒ in accordance with numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as: students’ basic pre-knowledge and motivation, their both general and specific abilities (space, library and other facilities), as well as the application of IT. The results of continuous innovation and the determination of innovation in teaching process have been focused on in the examples of area IT. In this paper, a model for the assessment of the effectiveness of a teaching method has been given based on measuring students’ previous knowledge. If several different methods of realization can be applied in a teaching process, then a possibility to perform the assessment for each of these methods, prior to the beginning of the teaching process, is viable. In this manner, a methodology that yields good results at the end of teaching process, viewed from aspect of knowledge acquired by students, can be determined.
Razvoj nastave nemačkog jezika na Liceju (1838‒1863)
Authors:   Univertitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet, Krnjaić-Cekić Nada
Published: July 2021

Die Entwicklung des Hochschulunterrichts am Lyzeum im Fürstentum Serbien ist auch der Anfang des Hochschuldeutschunterrichts in Serbien. Der lyzeale Deutschunterricht mit einer 7-jährigen Unterbrechung hat die Wurzeln des philologischen und nichtphilologischen Unterrichts. Ein deutsches Lehrbuch für die lyzeale Studien wurde nicht geschrieben.
Ludičke aktivnosti u nastavi španskog jezika
Authors:   University Business Academy in Novi Sad Faculty of Social Sciences in Belgrade, Pajić Sonja , Radovanović Milena
Published: July 2021

This paper aims at emphasising the importance of ludic activities in teaching Spanish as a foreign language. There are many advantages of applying ludic ac- tivities in Spanish language teaching. Due to a real context that can be achieved by ludic activities, students have the opportunity to use the target language directly. They improve their motivation, creativity and team work, and practice many different language skills. The adequate application of ludic activities is essential. It is very important for teachers to prepare the lesson plan properly. They should keep in mind factors such as the level of knowledge, the age and intеrests of their students. There are a number of manuals and web sites that can help teachers organize ludic activities in teaching. Considering the fact that ludic activities in Spanish language teaching in Serbia have not been sufficiently researched, we conducted a survey to examine the attitudes of Spanish language teachers on this topic. Teachers’ attitudes towards ludic activities have been shown to be positive. Some teachers stressed the need of organizing seminars and trainings. The results of the survey can serve as the basis for further research in this field and more attention should be paid to this topic.
Povezanost motoričkih sposobnosti i uspeha učenika mlađeg školskog uzrasta
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Milanović Sandra , Zrnzević Nevenka ,   University of Priština – Kosovska Mitrovica Faculty of Teacher Education in Prizren
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between motor skills and the development of students’ intellectual abilities, as well as the relationship between the results of motor skills tests and students’ school success. The research was cross-sectional. It was conducted in the second semester of the 2019/2020 school year in the Elementary school “17. oktobar” in Jagodina, on a sample of 60 third grade students. The sample was divides into two subsamples according to gender (30 girls and 30 boys). Five tests from the EUROFIT battery of tests were used to assess motor skills: Plate Tapping, Standing Long Jump, Sit and Reach, Bent-Arm Hang and 10 x 5 meter Shuttle Run. For measuring students’ school success, the final grades from five subjects were taken into consideration ‒ Serbian, English, Mathematics, World around us and Physical education. For each variable, the following descriptive statistical parameters were calculated: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum. Correlations were calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and differences between the groups using Student’s T-test for independent samples. A correlation was found in boys between the Plate Tapping motor test, which measures the repetitive strength of hands, and Serbian language with a value of −0.407. On the basis of the T-test, it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the Sit and Reach test in girls with a value of p = 0.000 compared to boys, as well as in the subject English, in favour of girls with a value of p = 0.014.
Problemi recepcije bajke u razrednoj nastavi
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Education in Vranje, Tasić Mitić Ivana , Stojadinović Aleksandar
Published: July 2021

The paper emphasises the importance of fairy tale, as the preferred literary genre in lower elementary grades, and its influence on children’s education and personality development. A fairy tale is a rich source of aesthetic perceptions and pleasant emotions, as well as a powerful motivator for developing positive personality traits. In order to examine the attitudes of lower elementary school students towards the reception of fairy tale as a literary genre, a survey was conducted. The sample included 360 third grade elementary school students. The results show that students are very fond of reading and exploring fairy tales, but they also face some problems in understanding and experiencing them, which stresses the importance of implementing different approaches in teaching.
PRODUCTION COST AND WATER SAVINGS OF PADDY PRODUCED BY DRIP IRRIGATION
Authors: Tas Ismail
Published: July 2021

Although there are different opinions on climate variability and global warming, it is a common idea in all hypotheses that water will become even more scarce. The water used in the production of paddy, which is one of the most important food sources for the majority of the population in the world, is too much due to the irrigation method. The average global water footprint of paddy production is reported as 1.391 billion m3/year. Considering this amount, it can be seen that paddy has an enormous environmental footprint. Excessive water use causes both waste of scarce resource water and numerous environmental problems during production. The most important reason for flooded production is the ability of paddy to grow/develop in water and to have a less competitive capacity with weeds. However, when rice is grown with drip irrigation, which is one of the irrigation methods that save water with high efficiency, significant increases in both yield and quality occur. Studies are showing that 50-74.6% water saving is achieved in paddy production with drip irrigation depending on the region, climate, soil, variety, producer habits, and similar situations. In addition, the cost of one kilogram of paddy produced in the drip irrigation system in the conditions of Canakkale province of Turkey has been calculated as 0.35 $. This value has been calculated as 0.44 $ in the flooded method. In addition, methane, carbon dioxide, and Nitrous oxide emissions are significantly reduced due to the transition from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. In this way, greenhouse gas emissions, other environmental negative effects, and especially groundwater pollution caused by paddy production can be reduced.
Perspektiven von γδ-T-Zellen für die Krebs-Immuntherapie
Authors: Kabelitz Dieter
Published: July 2021

1 bis 5 % der T-Zellen im Blut des Menschen exprimieren einen γδ-T-Zellrezeptor anstelle des αβ-T-Zellrezeptors von „konventionellen“ CD4- bzw. CD8-T-Zellen. Im Unterschied zu αβ-T-Zellen erkennen γδ-T-Zellen ihre Liganden unabhängig von HLA-Molekülen. Die im Blut vorherrschende γδ-T-Zell-Population (Vγ9Vδ2-T-Zellen) wird von Pyrophosphaten aktiviert, die von vielen Mikroben sezerniert, aber auch von transformierten (Tumor-)Zellen produziert werden können. Hierdurch werden Tumorzellen im Unterschied zu gesunden Zellen für den Angriff durch γδ-T-Zellen sensibilisiert. Die starke zytotoxische Aktivität verbunden mit der HLA-unabhängigen Erkennung vieler unterschiedlicher Tumoren und der einfachen in vitro Expansion machen γδ-T-Zellen zu attraktiven Effektorzellen für die zelluläre Immuntherapie.