bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big Five Factors and Employees’ Voice Behavior among Employees in Small-Medium Enterprise in Penang
Authors: Pine Loo Siew , Desa Nasina Mat , Abu Hassan Asaari Muhammad Hasmi
Published: June 2016

This paper examined the relationship between the Big Five factors (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism) and employees’ voice behavior among employees of SME in Penang. The independent variables are the Big Five factors while the dependent variable is employees’ voice behavior. The hypothesized relationship between the Big Five factors and employees’ voice behavior is based on a logical argument that those who demonstrate Big Five factors would be positively and negatively related to employees’ voice behavior to their superior. The theories that support the theoretical framework are the theory of individual difference in task and contextual performance. A total of 292 questionnaires were distributed to employees of a small-medium enterprise in Penang. A total of 108 usable questionnaires were returned yielding a usable response rate of 74%. The collected data were analyzed statistically using multivariate statistics. Factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, correlational analysis, and regression analysis were used as the bases of analyses. The results only indicated that agreeableness and neuroticism among the five independent variables were significantly related to employees’ voice behavior, but positively significant, which did not support the hypotheses of the study. Therefore, all the hypotheses were not supported by the study results.
The Effects of Travel Service Quality on Organization Perceived Value, Satisfaction and Word-Of-Mouth—A study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Khuong Mai Ngoc , Phuong Nguyen Thanh , Diem Chau Tran Ngoc
Published: June 2016

As company tours have become more popular and received much attention in Vietnam, it is a favorable chance for travel companies and agencies to gain more customers and profits. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of travel service quality, using SERVPERF assessment procedure, on word-of-mouth (WOM) behaviors of the whole organization through the mediation of perceived value and satisfaction, so that further recommendations would be suggested for tourism companies to improve their services. Quantitative approach was applied with questionnaire directly delivered to 300 small to medium-sized companies in Ho Chi Minh City which annually book tours for their staff. Although all variables were positively correlated, only four quality aspects (Empathy, Responsiveness, Tangibles, Assurance) had significant effects on other dependent variables; in particular, empathy was proven to have the most powerful impact on WOM with both direct and indirect effects. Guidelines for travel agencies were recommended; especially, activities which prioritized customers’ needs and fulfilled their requests were most emphasized.
Characterization of Bacteria Isolation of Bacteria from Pinyon Rhizosphere, Producing Biosurfactants from Agro-Industrial Waste
Authors: WONG-VILLARREAL ARNOLDO , REYES-LÓPEZ LIZBETH , GONZÁLEZ HIPÓLITO CORZO , GONZÁLEZ CRISTINA BLANCO , YÁÑEZ-OCAMPO GUSTAVO
Published: June 2016

Two hundred and fifty bacterial strains were isolated from pinyon rhizosphere and screened for biosurfactants production. Among them, six bacterial strains were selected for their potential to produce biosurfactants using two low cost wastes, crude glycerol and lactoserum, as raw material. Both wastes were useful for producing biosurfactants because of their high content in fat and carbohydrates. The six strains were identified by 16S rDNA with an identity percentage higher than 95%, three strains belonged to Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus and Rhizobium sp. All strains assayed were able to grow and showed halos around the colonies as evidence of biosurfactants production on Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide agar with crude glycerol and lactoserum as substrate. In a mineral salt liquid medium enriched with both wastes, the biosurfactants were produced and collected from free cell medium after 72 h incubation. The biosurfactants produced reduced the surface tension from 69 to 30 mN/m with an emulsification index of diesel at approximately 60%. The results suggest that biosurfactants produced by rhizosphere bacteria from pinyon have promising environmental applications.
Identification and Localization of β-D-Glucosidase from Two Typical Oenococcus oeni Strains
Authors: LI YAHUI , MA YANHONG , HUANG KAIHONG , ZHANG HONGZHI
Published: June 2016

β-D-glucosidase (βG) gene from Oenococcus oeni SD-2a and 31MBR was cloned, sequenced and analyzed, also intracellular βG of the two strains was further localized. The results showed that βG gene of the two strains was in high homology (> 99%) to reported βG gene, confirming both strains possess βG activity at the molecular level. Intracellular βG of SD-2a is a mainly soluble protein, existing mostly in the cytoplasm and to some extent in the periplasm. While for 31MBR, intracellular βG is mainly insoluble protein existing in the cytoplasmic membrane. This study provides basic information for further study of the metabolic mechanism of βG from O. oeni SD-2a and 31MBR.
Cytotoxic and Bacteriostatic Activity of Nanostructured TiO2 Coatings
Authors: CERBO ALESSANDRO DI , PEZZUTO FEDERICA , SCARANO ANTONIO
Published: June 2016

Nanostructures are structures, mainly synthetic (nanosurfaces, cylindrical nanotubes, and nanospheres), which range between 1–100 nm in at least one dimension and can be engineered to a wide range of physical properties. This paper aims to explore the bacteriostatic and cytotoxic characteristics of nano-TiO2 coated specimens of glass, stainless steel and ceramic with different thickness and roughness. The results show that stainless steel and glass specimens with a nano-TiO2 coating thickness of 200 nm have a bacteriostatic effect of 97% and 100%, respectively after 30 minutes of UV exposure. Glass specimens with a nano-TiO2 coating thickness of 750, 200 and 50 nm have a bacteriostatic effect of 86%, 93% and 100% after 60 minutes. Nano-TiO2 coatings show a great bacteriostatic but not a cytotoxic effect, thus representing a valuable alternative for biomedical applications.
Route Optimization for Autonomous Container Truck Based on Rolling Window
Authors: Huang Qi , Zheng Guilin
Published: June 2016

Route optimization for autonomous container truck is one of the key problems to realize the automatic container port. An environment model for container truck is built by grid method. Considering the complex and unknown construction environment of the container port, an improved ant colony optimization (IACO) algorithm based on rolling window is proposed to achieve path planning for container truck. In the simulations, it is obvious that the IACO will not only achieve a safe collision avoidance path, the length of which is shorter than the truck's traditional route no matter how complex the environment is, but also show good analytical and disposing ability of dead ends in the path planning process. Compared with conventional ant colony optimization (ACO), the running time of IACO is shorter. The results of the simulation experiments demonstrate that the IACO is a good method which is applicable to route optimization for autonomous container truck.
Plutarque développe‑t‑il réellement une pensée dualiste ?
Authors: Jourdan Fabienne ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

Plutarch is often seen as a dualist philosopher. Yet, when one studies the texts which are most often quoted to back such an opinion, the so‑called dualist doxographies in De Iside et Osiride and in De animae procreatione, one is actually lead to think otherwise. When they are replaced in their context, it so happens that these texts describe the conditions to obtain harmony and the mixing of the contraries which are both necessary to the birth and to the very existence of the universe. However, harmony and mixing cannot be obtained without the receptacle of the contraries that constitute them. Far from being a simple intermediary, this receptacle, which takes different aspects in the different treatises, is indeed a constituent principle according to Plutarch. Without it, there can be neither encounter nor opposition of the contraries, and so, paradoxically, precisely because it is a guarantee of dualism, it makes dualism disappear. Dualism then turns out to be a mere preparatory step in the elaboration of a really triadic philosophy.
Dualism in the Hermetic Writings
Authors: Pleše Zlatko ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

L’article examine la tension qui existe entre tendances monistes et dualistes dans l'ancien hermétisme et propose de considérer que les écrits hermétiques, tout en opérant dans un cadre dualiste pluriforme (ontologique, cosmologique, anthropologique), soutiennent un modele moniste de la réalité issue d’une divinité transcendante et tout‑englobante. L’imposition d’un état d’esprit dualiste est typique pour les premieres étapes de l’initiation hermétique, suivies par un dépassement progressif de toutes les dualités (Aufhebung) et l’acquisition finale d'un point de vue totalisant et noétique du monde.
Les dualismes dans les manuscrits de Qumrân
Authors: Hamidović David ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

Very early after the discovery of the first manuscripts of Qumran in Cave 1, the scholars were agree to describe the Essene world‑view as dualistic. The close study of each document reveals today a more complicated literary situation. The manuscripts of Qumran attest to three kinds of dualism : cosmic dualism, relative dualism, and human dualism. This taxonomy is not to take too strictly because the dualisms can be combined inside a text to reinforce and justify the Essene world‑view, especially the sectarian perspective. The combination is also a proof of the multiple state of dualism in Ancient Judaism. Moreover, we note the relationship between dualism and apocalypticism. The apocalyptical literature may be a source of diffusion of different types of dualism.
Hermogene
Authors: Aragione Gabriella , Chapot Frédéric ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

Known primarily through the heresiological writings, Hermogenes goes down in history as a dualist, almost a ditheist, who claimed the doctrine of two coexisting and ingenerated principles : God and the matter. Cleared up the commonplaces and the heresiological strategies of our sources, the analysis of the fragments and of the testimonies about Hermogenes shows that his doctrine was the expression of a specific ontological dualism : far from being an innovative thinker, Hermogenes refused the emerging doctrine of the “creatio ex nihilo” and affirmed the traditional view of the creation as the result of the demiurgic act of God who fashioned and ordered the preexistent matter. According Hermogenes, this dualism did not undermine monotheism, because God and the matter are unequal regarding their essence. It was on the basis of this axiom that he elaborated a theological system characterized by a sophisticate interlacement of anthropological, Christological and soteriological implications.
Dualism in Mani and Manichaeism
Authors: Gardner Iain ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

The term ‘Manichaean’ has come to be regarded as synonymous with a radical dualistic perspective, and is now utilised in all sorts of contexts such as literature and politics. Gardner examines what can be known of the actual teachings of the third‑century sage and self‑declared ‘Apostle of Jesus Christ’ known as Mani or Manichaios. His extant writings are surveyed in order to determine what he says about the nature of God and the origin of matter and evil. Particular attention is given to the terminology and symbolism applied to the idea of two eternal and opposite principles, the kingdoms of light and darkness. Gardner considers possible origins for Mani’s teachings in the Judaeo‑Christian, Gnostic and Iranian traditions ; together with the question of further developments within the community after its founder’s death.
Augustin : d’un dualisme a un autre ?
Authors: Koch Isabelle ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

Augustine is a particularly interesting author for anyone who wishes to question the topic of dualism, because of the diverse and complex way this topic is adressed in his writings. After having been listening to the Manichean as an “auditor” for almost ten years, he raised many critics against the manichean thesis ; but in spite of this critical position, several of his later opponents, from the Donatist and mostly from the Pelagian heresy, often reproached him to have remained a crypto‑Manichean. This paper focuses on working out the original image Augustine had about the manicheism, as providing a coherent answer to some ethical and metaphysical problems, then as being nothing more than a false response he had to break with. This task will then lead us to question his potential residual manicheism, considering his controversy with Julian of Eclanum, in order to identify the arguments by which Julian supports the accusation of augustinian Manicheism, and to assess the extent to which this accusation is or is not admissible.
Du dualisme et de l’ambivalence séthienne dans la pensée religieuse de l’Égypte ancienne
Authors: Guermeur Ivan ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

In his De Iside, Plutarch uses the example of the Osirian myth and the cases of Osiris, Horus and Typhon (Seth) to define his doctrine of dualism which according to him offers an explication for the philosophical problem of the existence of Good and Evil. Since the philosopher has based himself on Egyptian mythology, the present study seeks to elucidate what the documentation of “pharaonic” Egypt teaches us about the conception of an opposition between Good and Evil, about the place that the complex figure of Seth takes within this concept, and about the typically Egyptian binary way of thinking.
Platon et l’invention aristotélicienne du dualisme platonicien
Authors: Vasiliu Anca ,   Editua Polirom
Published: June 2016

Aristotle’s main grievances against his forebears, in the first instance Plato, but also Empedocles and Anaxagoras, rely on three theoretical standpoints : the status of the whole and the one, the separation or the immanence of the principle and its ability to act as a cause or not, and finally the possibility of engendering or producing from contraries. An analysis of the criticisms developed in Metaphysics Lambda 10 brings to light both the purpose and the flaws of the Aristotelian indictment. Arguably, Plato has brought things to existence from a secondary dualism, not from an immutable and separate principle, since, according to the Stagirite’s critical reading, the status of that principle remains ambiguous on the grounds that it is used both as an efficient cause and a universal predicate. From the encounter between the theory of causes and of being advocated by Aristotle against Plato and what Aristotle introduces as the Platonic theory of the principle, Ideas and Numbers, emerges a “dualistic” vision of Plato’s thought. However when one endeavours to locate and contextualize in the Dialogues the theses attributed to Plato by his rebellious disciple, that “dualistic” vision not only does not appear to be founded, but one can even find a criticism of the aptness of such interpretation. The example given is that of the fight of the Gods and the Giants in The Sophist ; in that fight between philosophers around the status of the being can be found a great many of the themes and positions mentioned in what is called in Lambda 10 a criticism of the forebears. Isn’t the “dualistic” interpretation of ancient philosophies ultimately the projection of a modern type of reading, sensitive to the mythologizing interpretation fashioned owing to the late popularity of Platonism ?
ACQUISITION OF HIGH RESOLUTION GEO OBJECTS USING IMAGE MOSAICKING TECHNIQUES
Authors: E Janani
Published: June 2016

Remote sensing onboardsatellite techniques have been demonstrated to be powerful tools for monitoring the earth’s surface. Image mosaicking aligns multiple overlapping images of a same scene into a larger image of high resolution. In this paper, the feature extraction is based on SIFT and SURF technique. These techniques produce an efficient mosaicked image output as compared with other methods. From these algorithms the efficiency of PSNR and MSE value is 40%. It has been active research in finding disaster areas, computer vision and computer graphics, military target purposes.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREND OF PRECIPITATION IN THE RAIN BASIN RIVER URUÇUÍ PRETO - PIAUÍ , BRAZIL
Authors: Costa Milla Nóbrega de Menezes , Medeiros Raimundo Mainar de , Gomes Filho Manoel Francisco
Published: June 2016

The goal of this study was to analyze the timeline distribution of a time series and the trend of rainfall to 25 counties and 24 farms that make up the catchment area of ​​the river Uruçuí Preto- Piauí (BHRUP), which is an important center for agriculture and water resources sectors. They were performed in this study linear regression and measures of central tendency and dispersion of the monthly and annual rainfall. Based on the results it was found that the median was the measure of central tendency with the largest representation. The rainy season was marked during the months from October to April with an average value of 936.8 mm in the period, corresponding to 96% of annual precipitation. The months with the lowest rainfall ranged from May to September, corresponding to 4% of the annual total, showing up over time one characteristic timeline variability of the cerrado region and cerradão. The possibility in the future of extreme events occur with heavy rainfall in short periods of time is expected for this area, and with the knowledge of climate trends they can plan the most out of handling the water resources.
Critical Theory of Communication as Critical Sociology of Critique in the Age of Digital Capitalism
Authors: Fuchs Christian
Published: June 2016

THIS ESSAY IS A REFLECTION ON JAN LØHMANN STEPHENSEN’S REVIEW ESSAY ON MY BOOK CULTURE AND ECONOMY IN THE AGE OF SOCIAL MEDIA (CONJUNCTIONS, VOL. 2, NO. 2). IT CONTRASTS CREATIVITY AND SOCIAL PRODUCTION IN MARX’S THEORY, CLARIFIES MY RELATIONSHIP TO BOLTANSKI AND CHIAPELLO’S APPROACH, REFLECTS ON THE INFLUENCE OF HUMANIST MARXISM ON MY THOUGHT, AND ARGUES FOR GROUNDING MEDIA/COMMUNICATION STUDIES AND DIGITAL MEDIA RESEARCH IN CRITICAL THEORY, UNDERSTOOD AS A CRITICAL SOCIOLOGY OF CRITIQUE THAT COMBINES SOCIAL THEORY, EMPIRICAL SOCIAL RESEARCH AND ETHICS.
Women, Visibility and Playful Acts
Authors: Stirling Liz
Published: June 2016

WOMEN VISIBILITY AND PLAYFUL ACTS IS AN ANNUAL EVENT ORGANISED BY THE FEMINIST RESEARCH GROUP F=, FOCUSING ON PLAYFUL APPROACHES TO CREATIVE PRACTICES IN PUBLIC SPACES. PLAY IS USED AS A CORE STRATEGY TO INVITE THE PUBLIC/ PARTICIPANTS TO EXPRESS IDEAS, OPINIONS AND SELF AROUND THEMES CONNECTED TO FEMINISM USING INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY AS A PUBLIC PLATFORM FOR THESE EXPRESSIONS. IN CREATING SPACES OF NON-HIERARCHICAL ACTIVITY, PLAY, AS A METHOD OF ESTABLISHING TRUST, IS USED TO AID COMMUNICATION, TO MAKE NEW THINGS HAPPEN AND ENABLE TRANSFORMATION, EMPLOYING STRATEGIES OF HUMOUR AND THE SPECTACLE TO ENGAGE A DIVERSE, INTERGENERATIONAL AUDIENCE. IT IS PRIMARILY THROUGH PLAYFUL MEANS THAT WE EXTEND AN INVITATION TO TAKE PART.

THIS PAPER VISUALLY DOCUMENTS WITH A TEXTUAL COMMENTARY THE PROCESS OF THE PROJECT AND THE WAYS WE USE PLAY TO EMPOWER, EDUCATE AND ACT IN PUBLIC SPACES.
Situations of Encounter: Playful Gazes in Street Art Detours
Authors: Isaac Joseph
Published: June 2016

STREET ART DETOURS (STREETARTDETOURS.COM) IS A CROWD-SOURCED, LOCATIVE ART PROJECT THAT USES ‘DETOURS’ – CREATIVE STORIES AND EXPERIMENTS – TO FIND IMAGINATIVE WAYS TO EXPERIENCE PUBLIC SPACES. PRIMARILY RELYING UPON STREET ART IN MELBOURNE AS A POINT OF ACCESS, THE PROJECT WAS THE FINAL ASSESSMENT IN A STREET ART SUBJECT TAUGHT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE. THIS PAPER OUTLINES THE IMPLICATIONS OF THAT PROJECT, AND IT REFERENCES THOSE DETOURS CONTRIBUTED BY STUDENTS TO ARGUE IN FAVOR OF PLAYFUL PARTICIPATION’S ACADEMIC BENEFITS. IDENTIFYING STREET ART’S ENCOUNTER AS A CINEMATIC EVENT THAT IS SIMULTANEOUSLY IMAGINATIVE AND PERSONAL, THE PAPER POSITS AUDIENCE EMPOWERMENT AS CRUCIAL TO THE STUDY OF STREET ART. IT CONCLUDES THAT THE PRACTICE’S SUBJECTIVITY, IN ADDITION TO THE PERFORMATIVE ASPECTS OF ITS EXPERIENCE, NECESSITATES STREET ART’S CREATIVE ENGAGEMENT.

DISCLAIMER: THE AUTHOR OF THIS PAPER INITIATED DEVELOPMENT OF THIS PROJECT, AND IN THE PROCESS OF FINALIZING THE WEBSITE EDITED SOME GRAMMAR AND COPY FOR STUDENTS IN THEIR DETOURS.
« Les évêques mangent dans ma main » : les relations entre l’Église et l’État sous Maurice Duplessis (1944-1959)
Authors: Dumas1 Alexandre
Published: June 2016

L’historiographie, comme la mémoire populaire québécoise, entretient l’image d’une entente cordiale entre l’Église et l’Union nationale de Maurice Duplessis à laquelle la figure controversée de Mgr Joseph Charbonneau serait la seule exception. Les travaux des historiens se sont malheureusement souvent limités à une relecture des recherches déjà effectuées par Robert Rumilly et Conrad Black, dont le biais idéologique a pourtant été critiqué. Les archives religieuses, qui s’ouvrent progressivement aux chercheurs, permettent d’élaborer une vision plus complète et nuancée des rapports entre le gouvernement provincial et l’épiscopat.
Optimizing HIV/AIDS resources in Armenia: increasing ART investment and examining HIV programmes for seasonal migrant labourers
Authors: Kelly Sherrie L , Shattock Andrew J , Kerr Cliff C , Stuart Robyn M , Papoyan Arshak , Grigoryan Trdat , Hovhannisyan Ruben , Grigoryan Samvel , Benedikt Clemens , Wilson David P
Published: June 2016

Introduction

HIV prevalence is declining in key populations in Armenia including in people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men, prison inmates, and female sex workers (FSWs); however, prevalence is increasing among Armenians who seasonally migrate to work in countries with higher HIV prevalence, primarily to the Russian Federation.

Methods

We conducted a modelling study using the Optima model to assess the optimal resource allocation to meet targets from the 2013 to 2016 national strategic plan to minimize HIV incidence and AIDS‐related deaths by 2020. Demographic, epidemiological, behavioural, and programme cost data from 2000 through 2014 were used to inform the model. The levels of coverage that could be attained among targeted populations with different investments, as well as their expected outcomes, were determined. In the absence of evidence of the efficacy of HIV programmes targeted at seasonal labour migrants, we conducted a sensitivity analysis to determine the cost‐effective funding threshold for the seasonal labour migrant programme.

Results

The optimization analysis revealed that shifts in funding allocations could further minimize incidence and deaths by 2020 within the available resource envelope. The largest emphasis should be on antiretroviral therapy (ART), with the optimal investment to increase treatment coverage by 40%. Optimal investments also involve increases in opiate substitution therapy and FSW programmes, as well as maintenance of other prevention programmes for PWID and prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission. Additional funding for these increases should come from budgets for general population programmes. This is projected to avert 17% of new infections and 29% of AIDS‐related deaths by 2020 compared to a baseline scenario of maintaining 2013 spending. Our sensitivity analysis demonstrated that, at current spending, coverage of annual testing among migrants of at least 43% should be achieved to warrant continuation of funding for this programme.

Conclusions

Optimization of HIV/AIDS investment in Armenia, with a main priority for scaling‐up ART, and less emphasis on primary prevention in the general non‐key population could significantly reduce incidence and deaths by 2020.
Utilização da plataforma Moodle em portugal: Moodle nas escolas do ensino básico e secundário em Portugal
Authors: Dias Paulo Coelho , Alves Nuno De Almeida , Abrantes Pedro , Rodrigues Carla F.
Published: June 2016

In this paper we analyze the use that is given to Moodle Platform in Portugal. Analyzing what are the more widespread uses of this platform in terms of literature, we confront the use given to it in our country. This study integrates information from one research project with 2674 students and 324 teachers. Both the students and the teachers were interviewed in a deep way about the use they do of the Moodle Platform. In terms of results, we find that although the Moodle Platform is already widespread among us, however, its use is essentially limited to the completion of traditional classes merely serving to put information. Other more ambitious features of Moodle are still extremely rare for reasons that we present and problematize.
What are we talking about when we talk about care? A conceptual review of the literature
Authors: São José José Manuel
Published: June 2016

The primary aim of this article is to make a contribution to clarify the concept of “care” in the field of care for older people, by reviewing and discussing the conceptual literature and, based on this, by proposing a new unified definition. The secondary aim of this article is to trace, in general terms, the evolution of the empirical research on care for older people, presenting at the same time, possible avenues for future research. It is expected that a new unified definition of the concept of care may contribute to a better operationalization of it, enhancing the reliability and validity of future research and the potential for comparative analysis and theory development.
Ação coletiva à escala individual e local: perfis e retratos sociológicos
Authors: Nunes Nuno , Cachado Rita Ávila , Raposo Otávio , Ferreira Daniela , Do Carmo Renato Miguel
Published: June 2016

This article analyzes the dispositions towards collective action, especially in regards to the local and individual scales. We focus mainly on the plurality of the individual situations, paying attention to the role of the local contexts to the greater or lesser incorporation of aradical habitus. In depth interviews were done to 15 individuals belonging to nine households living in three municipalities of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, from which were built profiles and sociological portraits which salient the relevance of socializations, sociability and the involvement in collective actors in the dispositions for the collective action.
O regresso dos exames do 4.º ano: escola, crianças e dinâmicas familiares na blogosfera
Authors: Melo Benedita Portugal e , Diogo Ana Matias , Ferreira Manuela
Published: June 2016

This text looks at the discourses on year-4 school exams that circulated in the blogosphere in 2012-2015. Its goal is to understand the concepts of school and child within those discourses and to uncover the family dynamics that are tending to occur in the wake of the political decision to bring back those exams. The presented data are derived from an analysis of 159 posts published in 50 blogs. The authors’ conclusions point to the emergence of a “parentocracy” that is led by mothers, is exercised in schooling / school attendance processes that are taking place ever earlier in children’s lives, is subject to tensions and is underpinned by composite concepts of the child as an educational actor.
Recensão: As Direitas na Democracia Portuguesa. Origens, Percursos, Mudanças e Novos Desafios [Riccardo Marchi, 2016, Alfragide, Texto]
Authors: Duarte Mariana Carmo
Published: June 2016

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Recensão: O Futuro da Representação Política Democrática [André Freire (org.), 2015, Lisboa, Nova Vega]
Authors: Matos Pedro Carvalhais de Abreu
Published: June 2016

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Polar flexoelectric in-plane and out-of-plane switching in bent core nematic mixtures
Authors: Elamain Omaima , Hegde Gurumurthy , Komitov Lachezar
Published: June 2016

Polar electro-optic response, arising from the coupling between an applied in-plane and out-of-plane dc electric field, respectively, and the flexoelectric polarization of bent core nematic liquid crystal mixtures with hybrid alignment is studied in conventional sandwich cells with homeotropic anchoring at one of the cell substrates and planar at the other. Such a hybrid alignment, however, results in a splay/bend elastic deformation of the nematic giving rise of a flexoelectric polarization. It was found that a pronounced polar electro-optic response, both in-plane and out of plane, took place in the bent core nematic mixtures at very low voltages due to the high flexoelectric polarization in these mixtures, compared with the one observed in calamitic liquid crystals.
Improved highly accurate localized motion imaging for monitoring high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy
Authors: Qu Xiaolei , Azuma Takashi , Sugiyama Ryusuke , Kanazawa Kengo , Seki Mika , Sasaki Akira , Takeuchi Hideki , Fujiwara Keisuke , Itani Kazunori , Tamano Satoshi , Takagi Shu , Sakuma Ichiro , Matsumoto Yoichiro
Published: June 2016

Visualizing an area subjected to high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy is necessary for controlling the amount of HIFU exposure. One of the promising monitoring methods is localized motion imaging (LMI), which estimates coagulation length by detecting the change in stiffness. In this study, we improved the accuracy of our previous LMI by dynamic cross-correlation window (DCCW) and maximum vibration amount (MVA) methods. The DCCW method was used to increase the accuracy of estimating vibration amplitude, and the MVA method was employed to increase signal–noise ratio of the decrease ratio at the coagulated area. The qualitative comparison of results indicated that the two proposed methods could suppress the effect of noise. Regarding the results of the quantitative comparison, coagulation length was estimated with higher accuracy by the improved LMI method, and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was reduced from 2.51 to 1.69 mm.
Effects of nitrogen doping on the electrical conductivity and optical absorption of ultrananocrystalline diamond/hydrogenated amorphous carbon films prepared by coaxial arc plasma deposition
Authors: Zkria Abdelrahman , Katamune Yūki , Yoshitake Tsuyoshi
Published: June 2016

3 at. % nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond/hydrogenated amorphous carbon composite (UNCD/a-C:H) films were synthesized by coaxial arc plasma deposition. Optically, the films possess large absorption coefficients of more than 105 cm−1 at photon energies from 3 to 5 eV. The optical band gap was estimated to be 1.28 eV. This value is smaller than that of undoped films, which might be attributable to increased sp2 fractions. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity implies that carrier transport follows a hopping conduction model. Heterojunctions with p-type Si substrates exhibited a typical rectifying action. From the capacitance–voltage characteristics that evidently indicated the expansion of a depletion region into the film side, the built-in potential and carrier concentration were estimated to be 0.51 eV and 7.5 × 1016 cm−3, respectively. It was experimentally demonstrated that nitrogen-doped UNCD/a-C:H films are applicable as an n-type semiconductor.
Management of Bleeding Complications in Virtual Reality Laparoscopy
Authors: Paschold Markus , Huber Tobias , Zeissig Sylke R. , Lang Hauke , Kneist Werner
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of induced bleeding complication training with regular training on a virtual reality laparoscopic (VRL) simulator. Although bleeding complications occur rarely during laparoscopic surgery, they usually arise without warning and may have severe consequences for the patient because complication management training is not currently widespread. Third-year medical students (n = 41) were randomly selected for 2 curricular courses on how to perform a bimanual task on a VRL simulator. Both the regular training group (RTG) and the induced bleeding complication training (ICT) group performed 2 regular training sessions and 9 training sessions. For the ICT group the training sessions were with a bleeding complication. The 2 groups were comparable regarding their initial performance levels and improved significantly in task time and handling economics throughout the course (P < 0.001). When a bleeding complication occurred during the initial phase, performance parameters were significantly worse (P < 0.05). During a bleeding complication, the ICT group showed a significant improvement in time, handling economics, and blood loss (P < 0.001) throughout the training course, whereas the RTG group showed no improvement. Induced complication training has a positive influence on the management of bleeding on the VRL simulator. Structured laparoscopic complication management training should be implemented during surgical education as an add-on to regular procedural training.
An experiment with science for the nineteenth-
century book trade: the International Scientific Series
Authors: HOWSAM LESLIE
Published: July 2002

The theory, method and disciplinary foundations of ‘book history’ are addressed in the
context of a close examination of the International Scientific Series, a set of monographs that
appeared from 1871 to 1911 in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Russia and the United States.
Working closely with entrepreneurial publishers, most authors of ISS volumes were scientific
professionals (T. H. Huxley, John Tyndall, Herbert Spencer and E. L. Youmans were among the
founders) aiming to educate a broad popular audience. Commercial, scholarly and other pressures
made the texts less fixed than they appear: revisions, appendices and other evidences of textual
instability have been overlooked by previous commentators.
Public authority negligence revisited
Authors: Bailey S.H. , Bowman M.J.
Published: July 2002

Following on from earlier consideration of this issue by the same authors in the 1980s, this article examines the principles governing the negligence liability of public authorities as articulated in recent cases, and in particular the decisions of the House of Lords in X v. Bedfordshire, Stovin v. Wise and Barrett v. Enfield London Borough Council. It concludes that the various attempts to establish special principles to govern such liability have been misguided, and that the courts have proved too willing to reject claims on the basis of questionable policy considerations, to the extent that a blanket immunity might appear to have been established in some contexts. Ultimately, this approach has brought the United Kingdom into conflict with its obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights. It is argued that ordinary private law principles provide a wholly appropriate basis for reconciling the legitimate interests of public authorities with the need to accord justice to individual litigants.
Linkage and the maintenance of variation for quantitative
traits by mutation–selection balance: an infinitesimal model
Authors: SANTIAGO ENRIQUE
Published: July 2002

The infinitesimal model is extended to cover linkage in finite

populations. General equations to
predict the dynamics of the genetic variation under the joint effects
of mutation, selection and drift
are derived. Under truncation and stabilizing selection, the quadratic

equations for the asymptotic genetic variance (VG)
are respectively

V2G(1+kS)+VG
(Ve−2NeVm)
−2NeVmVe=0

and

V2G(1+S)+VG
(Ve+γ−2NeVm)
−2NeVm(Ve+γ)=0,

where Ne is the effective population size,
Vm is the mutational variance, Ve
is the environmental
variance, γ is the parameter that measures the spread of fitness
around the optimum under
stabilizing selection, k is equal to i(i−x)

where i is the selection intensity and x is the cut-off
point
under truncation selection. The term S is a function of the
number of chromosomes (v) and the average chromosome length (l):

formula here

These predictions are accurate when compared with results of
simulations of small populations
unless the number of genes is small. The infinitesimal model reduces
to the continuum of alleles
model if there is no recombination between homologous chromosomes.
Very densely welded, rheomorphic ignimbrites of
homogeneous intermediate calc-alkaline composition from the
English Lake District
Authors: BEDDOE-STEPHENS BRETT , MILLWARD DAVID
Published: July 2002

Within a largely concealed, caldera-related volcaniclastic succession of the Ordovician
Borrowdale Volcanic Group in the western Lake District, two thick (100–350 m) ignimbrites within
the Fleming Hall Formation exhibit a number of features that in combination make them unusual
deposits. They are both homogeneous with comparatively low-SiO2 (63%) bulk composition, contain
only a moderate crystal content, are generally poor in lithic clasts, show uniformly very dense welding
(yielding parataxitic to massive vitrophyric texture) throughout and lack associated fall-out or surge
deposits. Ignimbrites of comparable bulk composition in this geological setting are usually part of
zoned sheets and/or frequently very crystal-rich. Large-scale, unzoned densely welded ignimbrites are
usually rhyodacitic to rhyolitic. By contrast, ignimbrites of intermediate composition that display
dense welding are relatively small deposits that form by agglutination of hot, plastic spatter.

It is postulated that the Fleming Hall ignimbrites were derived from low column height, low explosivity
eruptions that conserved heat and minimized entrainment of accidental lithic clasts and the formation
of fine ash. The very dense welding and lack of bubble-wall shard vitroclastic textures indicate that
pyroclasts were hot and relatively dry, probably occurring as mildly vesicular (scoriaceous) fragments
which welded or fused together during aggradational deposition rather than by post-depositional compactional
loading. There is little variation in the degree of matrix or melt crystallization throughout the
two ignimbrites, despite the fact that high temperatures must have been maintained for many years following
deposition. Both display virtually ubiquitous development of micropoikilitic glass devitrification
texture, which suggests that the viscosity of the supercooled dacitic melt was sufficiently high,
probably due to initial degassing, to inhibit significant melt crystallization after deposition.

The eruption of the Fleming Hall magmas was probably initiated by the rise or injection of hotter,
more basic, magma, and not by overpressurization due to volatile exsolution resulting from cooling
and crystallization. Foundering of the chamber roof caused forcible and rapid eruption of the magma,
probably along a series of volcanotectonic faults rather than a central vent, and probably flooded the
resultant caldera depression. It is predicted that this type of eruption will not have produced a widely
dispersed deposit, the bulk of which may have been largely contained within its own caldera.
A potential global stratotype for the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian
boundary (Lower Jurassic), Robin Hood's Bay, UK:
ammonite faunas and isotope stratigraphy
Authors: HESSELBO STEPHEN P. , MEISTER CHRISTIAN , GRÖCKE DARREN R.
Published: July 2002

A coastal exposure at Wine Haven, Robin Hood's Bay (North Yorkshire, UK) fulfils the
criteria for definition as the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the
Pliensbachian Stage (Lower Jurassic). This marine sequence was deposited during a long-term transgression
and is relatively expanded stratigraphically. A rich fauna of ammonites above and below the
boundary interval allows recognition of the Leptechioceras gr. meigeini, Paltechioceras aureolum and
Paltechioceras tardecrescens horizons of latest Sinemurian age, and the Bifericeras donovani, and
Apoderoceras gr. aculeatum horizons of earliest Pliensbachian age. A suitable level for the boundary
is characterized by the faunal association of Bifericeras donovani Dommergues & Meister and
Apoderoceras sp. Strontium-isotope stratigraphy, based on analysis of belemnites, yields a calcite
87Sr/86Sr ratio for the suggested boundary level of 0.707425±0.000021 (combined uncertainties based
on line fit to stratigraphic dataset (±0.000004) and measurement of the standard (±0.000017)).
Alternative uncertainties of ∼±0.000008 are associated with the most extreme interpretation of
sedimentation-rate history allowed by the strontium-isotope data (that is, abrupt changes in sedimentation
rate at precisely the boundary level); however, sedimentological considerations, and measured
strontium-isotope values at the boundary, support condensation rather than hiatus. Belemnite oxygen-isotope
data suggest a significant temperature drop (∼5 °C) across the boundary at this locality.
Obduction, subduction and collision as reflected in the Upper Cretaceous–Lower Eocene sedimentary record of western Turkey
Authors: OKAY ARAL I. , TANSEL İZVER , TÜYSÜZ OKAN
Published: July 2002

Late Cretaceous–Early Eocene Tethyan evolution of western Turkey is characterized by
ophiolite obduction, high-pressure/low-temperature metamorphism, subduction, arc magmatism and
continent–continent collision. The imprints of these events in the Upper Cretaceous–Lower Eocene
sedimentary record of western Anatolia are studied in thirty-eight well-described stratigraphic sections.
During the Late Cretaceous period, western Turkey consisted of two continents, the Pontides in
the north and the Anatolide-Taurides in the south. These continental masses were separated by the
İzmir-Ankara Neo-Tethyan ocean. During the convergence the Pontides formed the upper plate, the
Anatolide-Taurides the lower plate. The arc magmatism in the Pontides along the Black Sea coast is
biostratigraphically tightly constrained in time between the late Turonian and latest Campanian.
Ophiolite obduction over the passive margin of the Anatolide-Tauride Block started in the Santonian
soon after the inception of subduction in the Turonian. As a result, large areas of the Anatolide-Tauride
Block subsided and became a region of pelagic carbonate sedimentation during the
Campanian. The leading margin of the Anatolide-Tauride Block was buried deeply and was deformed
and metamorphosed to blueschist facies during Campanian times. The Campanian arc
volcanic rocks in the Pontides are conformably overlain by shaley limestone of Maastrichtian–Palaeocene
age. However, Maastrichtian sedimentary sequences north of the Tethyan suture are of
fore-arc type suggesting that although arc magmatism ceased by the end of the Campanian age,
continent–continent collision was delayed until Palaeocene time, when there was a change from marine to
continental sedimentation in the fore-arc basins. The interval between the end of the arc magmatism
and continent–continent collision may have been related to a northward jump of the subduction zone
at the end of Campanian time, or to continued obduction during the Maastrichtian.
Tectonic and kinematic evolution within mid-crustal orogenic root zones: a case study from the Caledonides of northwestern Ireland
Authors: ALSOP G. I. , BRYSON R. , HUTTON D. H. W.
Published: July 2002

The Slieve League Peninsula of northwest Ireland lies on the western limb of a major orogenic
strike-swing in which regional foliation trends have deviated from the northeast–southwest trends
typical of much of Scotland, to west–east orientations. Across-strike coastal exposures on the western
tip of the peninsula through Neoproterozoic Dalradian metasediments enable a detailed examination
and analysis of the structural evolution of a Caledonian orogenic root zone which has been previously
correlated with the Loch Awe Syncline of southwest Scotland. Minor structural development may be
evaluated in terms of regional strain profiles and overprinting relationships. Over much of the area, a
composite, steep northeast–southwest-trending S2–S3 foliation containing a gently southwest-plunging
quartz mineral elongation lineation is the dominant fabric at outcrop, and is associated with MP2
almandine–amphibolite facies metamorphism. F2 folds are isoclinal with curvilinear hinges and similar
geometry. They typically plunge steeply towards the southwest and display variable (dextral) or
north-directed vergence, whilst minor F3 fold hinges plunge moderately towards the southwest and
typically verge (sinistrally) towards the south. Major, composite D1–D3 tectonic slides are developed
in the Argyll Group. Structural and stratigraphic relationships indicate that D1 induced large-scale
reversals in younging across tectonic slides, resulting in reversals in subsequent F2 and F3 facing
patterns. Tectonic sliding is associated with an intensification of strain demonstrated by increasingly
intrafolial and curvilinear folding, together with extensional crenulations, sheared quartz pods and
metre-scale asymmetric boudinage of metadolerites, all of which indicate dextral (D2) and sinistral
(D3) shear. After unfolding subsequent folds (F4), this corresponds to top-to-the-north (D2) and
top-to-the-south (D3) translations. D4 results in regionally northwest-verging structures, with minor
crenulations and the S4 cleavage transecting fold hinges in an anticlockwise sense, suggesting a dextral
component of deformation. The detailed kinematic data indicate that the overall geometry of this
western, deep-level arm of the root zone is not a product of the classic mushrooming fountain of
nappes model, but rather major interference between consistent northerly directed D2 thrusting and a
later phase of southeast-directed (D3) retrocharriage (‘back-folding’) which intensifies towards the
south.
The early Palaeozoic magmatic event in the Northwest
Himalaya, India: source, tectonic setting and age of
emplacement
Authors: MILLER C. , THÖNI M. , FRANK W. , GRASEMANN B. , KLÖTZLI U. , GUNTLI P. , DRAGANITS E.
Published: July 2002

In the High Himalayan Crystalline Series of Northwest India, numerous peraluminous
granites intruded the metasediments of the late Proterozoic to early late Cambrian Haimanta Group.
Nd and Sr isotope systematics confirm that they were derived from heterogeneous crustal sources.
New geochronological data from two plutons range in age from late Precambrian to early Ordovician:
single zircon U–Pb dating yielded an age of 553 ± 2 (2σ) Ma for the Kaplas granite, whereas mineral
Sm–Nd isotope systematics define a crystallization age of 496 ± 14 (2σ) Ma for the tholeiitic mafic
rocks in the Mandi pluton, where evidence of magma mingling documents a close association between
mafic and granitic melts. The end of this period of magmatic activity coincides with the depositional
gap below the Ordovician transgression, caused by surface uplift and erosion, that is an important
feature in the stratigraphy of the Northwest Himalaya. In Spiti, the transgression of the Ordovician
basal conglomerates on a normal fault indicates pre-Ordovician extensional faulting. Therefore, the
early Palaeozoic magmatic activities in the Northwest Himalaya could be correlated with a late extensional
stage of the long-lasting Pan-African orogenic cycle which ended with the formation of the
Gondwana supercontinent.