bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unidimensional Vertical Electrical Soundings involving uneven soil surfaces: improving the apparent resistivity measurements for soil modelling
Authors: Faleiro Eduardo , Asensio Gabriel , Moreno Jorge
Published: June 2018

The influence of a non‐flat uneven soil surface on the soil apparent resistivity measurements in unidimensional Vertical Electrical Sounding is analysed. The sounding in a real uneven soil surface is simulated by using a soil model, which allows the semi‐analytical expressions valid for perfectly plane soils to be used. In addition, real Wenner electrodes properly calibrated are used, and the differences with a sounding in an equivalent soil with a flat surface are highlighted. Due to the loss of symmetry around the centre of the Wenner array, measurements along different directions are needed and the mean value of the distributions of the measures is assigned to the value of the apparent resistivity. Furthermore, for the purpose of reducing the width of such distribution, the use of electrodes of increasing length is suggested within limits. Finally, the proposal of a multi‐layered soil model with an uneven surface based on the Wenner measurements is discussed.
Research on heat and electricity coordinated dispatch model for better integration of wind power based on electric boiler with thermal storage
Authors: Yang Lijun , Zhang Xing , Gao Peng
Published: June 2018

The thermal‐electric coupling characteristics of combined heat and power (CHP) units make it critical problem to improve wind power accommodation ability in the heating season. This study establishes a CHP dispatch model for better integration of wind power based on electric boiler with thermal storage (EBTS). A start–stop strategy of EBTS is formulated that takes only the abandoned wind as the heat source. The electric boiler runs at maximum power during the wind curtailment, and the heat output of EBTS is changed by controlling the endothermic and exothermic rates of the thermal storage. Considering the scheduling difficulty of the CHP system with EBTS, the multi‐agent model of heat and electricity is built. Through information exchange and load distribution between the agents, electric load is balanced by all units while thermal load by CHP units and EBTS. Finally, the Newton–Raphson iterative method is applied to solve the proposed model. The results of numerical examples validate effectiveness and economic improvement of the proposed method.
Location reconstructions of attributed SCs by monopulse radar
Authors: Guo Kun‐Yi , Niu Tong‐Yao , Sheng Xin‐Qing
Published: June 2018

Attributed scattering centres (SCs) of real radar targets are far more complex than ideal scatterers; their scattering amplitudes and locations are dependent on aspect angle, frequency and polarisation in different ways. Numerical results present in this work show that the reconstructed locations of the SCs by using monopulse radar are closely related with the aspect dependencies of the SCs. The influence on location reconstructions by aspect dependencies are investigated, and it is found that distributed SCs (DSCs) generally cause more serious errors in the reconstructed results than other types of SCs. To deal with this, a simple approach is presented, where the range profile (RP) with DSCs is discriminated from other RPs, and only the highest peak is selected as a true scattering source to be reconstructed. Two extended targets and a group of three targets are investigated for validation, and the results show good agreement between the numerical and analytical results, and the availability of this approach.
Multi‐focus image fusion via morphological similarity‐based dictionary construction and sparse representation
Authors: Qi Guanqiu , Zhang Qiong , Zeng Fancheng , Wang Jinchuan , Zhu Zhiqin
Published: June 2018

Sparse representation has been widely applied to multi‐focus image fusion in recent years. As a key step, the construction of an informative dictionary directly decides the performance of sparsity‐based image fusion. To obtain sufficient bases for dictionary learning, different geometric information of source images is extracted and analysed. The classified image bases are used to build corresponding subdictionaries by principle component analysis. All built subdictionaries are merged into one informative dictionary. Based on constructed dictionary, compressive sampling matched pursuit algorithm is used to extract corresponding sparse coefficients for the representation of source images. The obtained sparse coefficients are fused by Max‐L1 fusion rule first, and then inverted to form the final fused image. Multiple comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is competitive with other the state‐of‐the‐art fusion methods.
Optimisation of mobile intelligent terminal data pre‐processing methods for crowd sensing
Authors: Huang Min , Zeng Yuefan , Chen Lina , Sun Bo
Published: June 2018

Sensor data pre‐processing is an essential phase of crowd sensing application. Existing studies do not effectively solve the problem, and there still exist various sensor data pre‐processing optimisation problems at the acquisition end in crowd‐sensing process. This study presents an improved sliding average method to achieve data compression and reduce the time complexity by using a dynamic window with improved processing time. Through adopting locally sorting and gradient change of the filter window, an improved extremum median filtering method is proposed to relieve the time‐consuming problem when denoising high pixel images. A transmission strategy for optimisation is also proposed, in which only the demarcation points of each group of data and the data points with large differences when comparing with the demarcation points are recorded. This strategy reduces the storage pressure and the amount of data transmission of mobile terminal and improves the efficiency of data transmission. The experimental results show that their methods have higher speed and lower cost, and thus they can run better in crowd‐sensing environment.
Efficient key management scheme for health blockchain
Authors: Zhao Huawei , Bai Peidong , Peng Yun , Xu Ruzhi
Published: June 2018

Healthcare is a big application scenario of blockchain, and blockchains used in healthcare are called health blockchain. In general, blockchain blocks are open and the transactions in them are public. If some privacy data are involved in these transactions, they will be leaked. Owing to healthcare system involving a great deal of privacy data, certain security mechanisms must be built to protect these privacy data in health blockchain. Furthermore, because the core of security mechanisms is the key management schemes, the appropriate key management schemes should be designed before blockchains can be used in healthcare system. Here, according to the features of health blockchain, the authors use a body sensor network to design a lightweight backup and efficient recovery scheme for keys of health blockchain. The authors’ analyses show that the scheme has high security and performance, and it can be used to protect privacy messages on health blockchain effectively and to promote the application of health blockchain.
Magnetic field in a young circumbinary disk
Authors: Alves F. O. , Girart J. M. , Padovani M. , Galli D. , Franco G. A. P. , Caselli P. , Vlemmings W. H. T. , Zhang Q. , Wiesemeyer H.
Published: June 2018

Context. Polarized continuum emission at millimeter-to-submillimeter wavelengths is usually attributed to thermal emission from dust grains aligned through radiative torques with the magnetic field. However, recent theoretical work has shown that under specific conditions polarization may arise from self-scattering of thermal emission and by radiation fields from a nearby stellar object.

Aims. We use multi-frequency polarization observations of a circumbinary disk to investigate how the polarization properties change at distinct frequency bands. Our goal is to discern the main mechanism responsible for the polarization through comparison between our observations and model predictions for each of the proposed mechanisms.

Methods. We used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array to perform full polarization observations at 97.5 GHz (Band 3), 233 GHz (Band 6) and 343.5 GHz (Band 7). The ALMA data have a mean spatial resolution of 28 AU. The target is the Class I object BHB07-11, which is the youngest object in the Barnard 59 protocluster. Complementary Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations at 34.5 GHz were also performed and revealed a binary system at centimetric continuum emission within the disk.

Results. We detect an extended and structured polarization pattern that is remarkably consistent between the three bands. The distribution of polarized intensity resembles a horseshoe shape with polarization angles following this morphology. From the spectral index between Bands 3 and 7, we derived a dust opacity index β ~ 1 consistent with maximum grain sizes larger than expected to produce self-scattering polarization in each band. The polarization morphology and the polarization levels do not match predictions from self-scattering. On the other hand, marginal correspondence is seen between our maps and predictions from a radiation field model assuming the brightest binary component as main radiation source. Previous molecular line data from BHB07-11 indicates disk rotation. We used the DustPol module of the ARTIST radiative transfer tool to produce synthetic polarization maps from a rotating magnetized disk model assuming combined poloidal and toroidal magnetic field components. The magnetic field vectors (i.e., the polarization vectors rotated by 90°) are better represented by a model with poloidal magnetic field strength about three times the toroidal one.

Conclusions. The similarity of our polarization patterns among the three bands provides a strong evidence against self-scattering and radiation fields. On the other hand, our data are reasonably well reproduced by a model of disk with toroidal magnetic field components slightly smaller than poloidal ones. The residual is likely to be due to the internal twisting of the magnetic field due to the binary system dynamics, which is not considered in our model.
Study on test of coal co-firing for 600MW ultra supercritical boiler with four walls tangential burning
Authors: Ying Wu , Yong-lu Zhong , Guo-mingi Yin
Published: June 2018

On account of nine commonly used coals in a Jiangxi Power Plant,two kinds of coal were selected to be applied in coal co-firing test through industrial analysis,elementary analysis and thermogravimetric analysis of coal.During the coal co-firing test,two load points were selected,three coal mixtures were prepared.Moreover,under each coal blending scheme, the optimal oxygen content was obtained by oxygen varying test. At last,by measuring the boiler efficiency and coal consumption of power supply in different coal co-firing schemes, the recommended coal co-firing scheme was obtained.
Intelligence Control System for Landfills Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Zhang Qian , Huang Chuan , Gong Jian
Published: June 2018

This paper put forward an intelligence system for controlling the landfill gas in landfills to make the landfill gas (LFG) exhaust controllably and actively. The system, which is assigned by the wireless sensor network, were developed and supervised by remote applications in workshop instead of manual work. An automatic valve control depending on the sensor units embedded is installed in tube, the air pressure and concentration of LFG are detected to decide the level of the valve switch. The paper also proposed a modified algorithm to solve transmission problem, so that the system can keep a high efficiency and long service life.
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Precipitation in Yungui Plateau during 1961-2015
Authors: Jianfeng Wu , Luqin Yu , Guangjie Cao , Wei Li
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the daily precipitation data of 19 meteorological stations in Guizhou Province from 1961 to 2015 are used. Using GIS spatial analysis method and linear trend analysis method, the distribution characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation in Guizhou province were analyzed from space and time. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of spatial distribution, annual precipitation is generally less in the south and north and less in the east and west. The precipitation in winter and spring is east-west distribution and decreases from east to west in the four seasons. The precipitation in summer is roughly north-south and south-north less. The precipitation in autumn is mainly concentrated in southwest Guizhou and Chishui valley. (2) From the time distribution point of view, the precipitation in Guizhou Province showed a general downward trend, of which the precipitation in spring, autumn and winter showed a decreasing trend, the downward trend in autumn was more obvious, and the precipitation in summer increased but not obviously.
The calibration analysis of soil infiltration formula in farmland scale
Authors: Qian Tao , Han Na Na , Chang Shuan Ling
Published: June 2018

Soil infiltration characteristic is an important basis of farmland scale parameter estimation. Based on 12 groups of double-loop infiltration tests conducted in the test field of tianjin agricultural university west campus. Based on the calibration theory and the combination of statistics, the calibration analysis of phillips formula was carried out and the spatial variation characteristics of the calibration factor were analyzed. Results show that in study area based on the soil stability infiltration rate A calculate calibration factor αA calibration effect is best, that is suitable for the area formula of calibration infiltration and αA variation coefficient is 0.3234, with A certain degree of spatial variability.
The consistency of Arsenic’s high value regions in surface and bottom waters in Jiaozhou Bay
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Chai Jianxun , Gao Xiaoye , Wu Yunjie , Zhu Sixi
Published: June 2018

This paper analyzed the contents and distributions of As in Jiaozhou Bay in 1982. Results showed that As’s contents in bottom waters in coastal waters in the southwest of the bay and the bay mouth in Jiaozhou Bay in July and October 1982 were 0.88-4.48 μg L-1 and 0.84-1.16 μg L-1, respectively. As’s contents were much lower than the guide line of Grade I, and the pollution level of As in bottom waters in Jiaozhou Bay in 1982 was still very slight. There was high value region in coastal waters in the southwest of the bay in July 1982 (4.48 μg L-1), while in October 1982 high value region was in the bay mouth (1.16 μg L-1). The source input of As from overland runoff in the southwest was strong in July, resulted in relative high value region in surface waters in coastal waters in the southwest of the bay, and therefore resulted in high value region in bottom waters in same region by means of rapid sedimentation of As. October was wet season and there was little As input to the bay, resulted in low As’s contents in surface waters, as well as bottom waters. At any time, the terrigenous As was foremost transported to surface waters, and was subsided to sea bottom through water body by vertical water’s effect. Hence, the high value regions of As’s contents in surface and bottom waters had characteristic of consistency in Jiaozhou Bay.
The Researches on Reasonable Well Spacing of Gas Wells in Deep and low Permeability Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Bei Yu Bei , Hui Li , Lin Li Dong
Published: June 2018

This Gs64 gas reservoir is a condensate gas reservoir which is relatively integrated with low porosity and low permeability found in Dagang Oilfield in recent years. The condensate content is as high as 610g/m3. At present, there are few reports about the well spacing of similar gas reservoirs at home and abroad. Therefore, determining the reasonable well spacing of the gas reservoir is important for ensuring the optimal development effect and economic benefit of the gas field development. This paper discusses the reasonable well spacing of the deep and low permeability gas reservoir from the aspects of percolation mechanics, gas reservoir engineering and numerical simulation. considering there exist the start-up pressure gradient in percolation process of low permeability gas reservoir, this paper combined with productivity equation under starting pressure gradient, established the formula of gas well spacing with the formation pressure and start-up pressure gradient. The calculation formula of starting pressure gradient and well spacing of gas wells. Adopting various methods to calculate values of gas reservoir spacing are close to well testing' radius, so the calculation method is reliable, which is very important for the determination of reasonable well spacing in low permeability gas reservoirs.
The Design and Implementation of Virtual Roaming in Yunnan Diqing Tibetan traditional Villages
Authors: Cao Lucheng , Xu Wu , Li Ke , Jin Chunjie , Su Ying , He Jin
Published: June 2018

Traditional residence is the continuation of intangible cultural heritage and the primitive soil for development. At present, the protection and inheritance of traditional villages have been impacted by the process of modernization, and the phenomenon of assimilation is very serious. This article takes the above questions as the breakthrough point, and then analyzes why and how to use virtual reality technology to better solve the above problems, and take the Yunnan Diqing Tibetan traditional dwellings as the specific example to explore. First, using VR technology, with real images and sound, the paper simulate a near real virtual world. Secondly, we collect a large amount of real image information, and make the visualization model of building by using 3DMAX software platform, UV Mapping and Rendering optimization. Finally, the Vizard virtual reality development platform was used to establish the roaming system and realize the virtual interaction. The roaming system was posted online so that overcome the disadvantages of not intuitive and low capability of interaction, and these new ideas can give a whole new meaning in the protection projects of the cultural relic buildings. At the same time, visitors could enjoy the "Dian-style" architectural style and cultural connotation of dwelling house in Diqing Yunnan.
Quality prediction modeling for sintered ores based on mechanism models of sintering and extreme learning machine based error compensation
Authors: Tiebin Wu , Yunlian Liu , Xinjun Li , Yi Yu , Bin Zhang
Published: June 2018

Aiming at the difficulty in quality prediction of sintered ores, a hybrid prediction model is established based on mechanism models of sintering and time-weighted error compensation on the basis of the extreme learning machine (ELM). At first, mechanism models of drum index, total iron, and alkalinity are constructed according to the chemical reaction mechanism and conservation of matter in the sintering process. As the process is simplified in the mechanism models, these models are not able to describe high nonlinearity. Therefore, errors are inevitable. For this reason, the time-weighted ELM based error compensation model is established. Simulation results verify that the hybrid model has a high accuracy and can meet the requirement for industrial applications.
Failure warning of hydrous sandstone based on electroencephalogram technique
Authors: Tao Kai , Zheng Wei
Published: June 2018

Sandstone is a type of rock mass that widely exists in nature. Moisture is an important factor that leads to sandstone structural failure. The major failure assessment methods of hydrous sandstone at present cannot satisfy real-time and portability requirements, especially lacks of warning function. In this study, acoustic emission (AE) and computed tomography (CT) techniques are combined for real-time failure assessment of hydrous sandstone. Eight visual colors for warning are screened according to different failure states, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) experiment is conducted to demonstrate their diverse excitations of the human brain’s concentration.
Anti-wear Mechanism Analysis of Nano-CaCO3 Additives
Authors: Xu Zhen , Sun Junfeng
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the wear test was carried on with cylinder piston by the wear test device, receiving the results of the piston ring wear and abrasive characteristics by monitoring the wear process, the thesis analysis and put forward the nano-CaCO3 lubricating oil additive anti wear mechanism by the ferrography analysis technology, and provide the technical reference for the relevant measures to reduce wear and the friction, and provide reference value for further study on the related theories of reducing wear and reducing friction.
Efficient web opening shape and stiffener for large web opening
Authors: Wu Xiao Ying , Li Ling Xu , Zhou Dong Hua
Published: June 2018

to save material circle and hexagon are often used shapes for web opening in praxis; horizontal plates are often welded on web for stiffening large web opening. These common used shape of opening and stiffening way for large opening are proved as inefficient by finite element analyze. There are new shape of opening and new type of stiffener for large opening, which proved to have the best load bearing behavior respectively. More details will be introduced in following.
The Researches on Damage Detection Method for Truss Structures
Authors: Wang Meng Hong , Cao Xiao Nan
Published: June 2018

This paper presents an effective method to detect damage in truss structures. Numerical simulation and experimental analysis were carried out on a damaged truss structure under instantaneous excitation. The ideal excitation point and appropriate hammering method were determined to extract time domain signals under two working conditions. The frequency response function and principal component analysis were used for data processing, and the angle between the frequency response function vectors was selected as a damage index to ascertain the location of a damaged bar in the truss structure. In the numerical simulation, the time domain signal of all nodes was extracted to determine the location of the damaged bar. In the experimental analysis, the time domain signal of a portion of the nodes was extracted on the basis of an optimal sensor placement method based on the node strain energy coefficient. The results of the numerical simulation and experimental analysis showed that the damage detection method based on the frequency response function and principal component analysis could locate the damaged bar accurately.
Hydrodynamic Influence Dabanhu River Bridge Holes Widening Based on Two-Dimensional Finite Element Numerical Model
Authors: Li Dong Feng , Bai Fu Qing , Nie Hui
Published: June 2018

In order to analyze the influence of bridge holes widening on hydrodynamic such as water level, a two-dimensional mathematical model was used to calculate the hydrodynamic factors, river network flow velocity vector distribution is given, water level and difference of bridge widening before and after is calculated and charted, water surface gradient in seven different river sections near the upper reaches of bridges is counted and revealed. The results of hydrodynamic calculation indicate that The Maximum and the minimum deducing numerical value of the water level after bridge widening is 0.028m, and 0.018m respective. the seven sections water surface gradient becomes smaller until it becomes negative, the influence of bridge widening on the upstream is basically over, the range of influence is about 450m from the bridge to the upstream. reach
Complementary Characteristics Analysis on Cumulative Load of Asia - North America Energy Interconnection
Authors: Feng Jun-shu
Published: June 2018

The idea of Global Energy Interconnection will facilitate a large-scale development and exploitation as well as a wide-scope coordination and balance of clean energy, and Asia-North America energy interconnection is an important link of it. This paper discusses the Asia-North America energy interconnection conception with power grid as the backbone at first. Then, comprehensive analysis and forecast of power load of both Asia and North America has been given respectively. After the comparison between cumulative load characteristics of Asia and North America and their respective characteristics, benefits from interconnection of Asia and North America can be identified preliminary.
Connection Analysis of Different Modes in Multimodal Transport
Authors: Zhao Zhi , Lu Ya Ya , Liu Xing Hua , Jiang Ying , Zhang Yan Zhou
Published: June 2018

As the most advanced way of transport organization, container multimodal transport provides high quality and efficient systematic logistics transportation services in a wide range of freight transport activities. So it has been widely promoted worldwide. China is in a period of sustained and rapid economic development, which needs greater support from logistics, while the rationalization of multimodal transport enables the best transport area of each transportation mode to be reflected. This paper makes an analysis of the connection between united transportation of railway and highway, rail and water transport and untied transportation of highway and water.
A New Test Method of Circuit Breaker Spring Telescopic Characteristics Based Image Processing
Authors: Huang Huimin , Wang Feifeng , Lu Yufeng , Xia Xiaofei , Su Yi
Published: June 2018

This paper applied computer vision technology to the fatigue condition monitoring of springs, and a new telescopic characteristics test method is proposed for circuit breaker operating mechanism spring based on image processing technology. High-speed camera is utilized to capture spring movement image sequences when high voltage circuit breaker operated. Then the image-matching method is used to obtain the deformation-time curve and speed-time curve, and the spring expansion and deformation parameters are extracted from it, which will lay a foundation for subsequent spring force analysis and matching state evaluation. After performing simulation tests at the experimental site, this image analyzing method could solve the complex problems of traditional mechanical sensor installation and monitoring online, status assessment of the circuit breaker spring.
An investigation of the near-wake flow structure of a cylinder with guiding plates
Authors: Ekinci Firat , Firat Erhan , M. Özkan Göktürk , Akilli Hüseyin
Published: June 2018

In this study, the flow behind a circular cylinder with a pair of outer identical guiding plates was investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) for various angular positions of the plates (i.e. α=±70°, ±100°, and ±130°). The gaps between these plates and cylinder are equal and are 0.3D. Experiments were carried out at a subcritical Reynolds (Re=ρ·U∞·D/μ) number of 7500, based on the cylinder diameter (D) and the flow velocity (U∞). The features of the near-wake with and without the guiding plates were interpreted in terms of patterns of time-averaged vorticity and streamlines, time-averaged and fluctuating velocity components. The spectral analysis was also carried out to determine the time-dependent variation of the transverse velocity at given locations in the near-wake. Two-dimensional computations of flow around circular cylinders with and without guiding plates have also been performed to predict the timeaveraged and root-mean-square of force coefficients of the various models. It was seen that the guiding plates at an appropriate angular position can lead to substantial attenuation, or retardation, of the process of large-scale vortex formation in the near-wake, thus can lead to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) suppression without any increase in drag.
Experimental investigation of the Multipoint Ultrasonic Flowmeter
Authors: Jakub Filipský
Published: June 2018

The Multipoint Ultrasonic Flowmeter is a vector tomographic device capable of reconstructing all three components of velocity field based solely on boundary ultrasonic measurements. Computer simulations have shown the feasibility of such a device and have been published previously. This paper describes an experimental investigation of achievable accuracy of such a method. Doubled acoustic tripoles used to obtain information of the solenoidal part of vector field show extremely short differences between the Time Of Flights (TOFs) of individual sensors and are therefore sensitive to parasitic effects of TOF measurements. Sampling at 40MHz and correlation method is used to measure the TOF.
Dynamics of the nozzle valve with regard to the properties of the piping system
Authors: Klas Roman , Habán Vladimír , Rudolf Pavel
Published: June 2018

It is obvious that the main function of the nozzle valve is to shut off the stream of fluid in the piping system. The response rate of the valve to the decreasing or reversing flow in the system will then depend on the valve properties and equally on the properties of the piping system. The interaction of these two elements is also important for the origin of pressure pulsations in the system. While the pressure pulsations were the cause for design of this particular valve it should be noted that the general design of the valve for any pipeline system is not possible. The valve cannot properly work under all circumstances and operating conditions. With respect to this, the dynamic properties of the valve will be assessed on the basis of the valve equation of motion and the pipeline model. An adequate response of the whole system can be obtained by combining both approaches. The valve equations of motion are also complemented by CFD simulations, which enable to capture the movement of the valve disc with respect to flow rate.
Design of a Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal System in Lebanon
Authors: Karam Elie , Moukarzel Patrick , Chamoun Maya , Habchi Charbel , Bou-Mosleh Charbel
Published: June 2018

Due to global warming and the high toxic gas emissions of traditional power generation methods, renewable energy has become a very active topic in many applications. This study focuses on one versatile type of solar energy: Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal System (hybrid PV/T). Hybrid PV/T combines both PV and thermal application and by doing this the efficiency of the system will increase by taking advantage of the temperature loss from PV module. The solar radiation and heat will be harnessed to deliver electricity and hot water simultaneously. In the present study a solar system is designed to recycle the heat and improve the temperature loss from PV module in order to supply both electricity and domestic hot water. The project was tested twice in Zouk Mosbeh - Lebanon; on May 18, 2016, and June 7, 2016. The average electrical efficiency was around 11.5% with an average electrical power output of 174.22 W, while with cooling, the average electrical efficiency reaches 11% with a power output of 200 W. The temperature increases by about 7 degrees Celsius from the inlet. The 1D conduction model is also performed in order to design the hybrid PV/T system.
Quelle(s) éthique(s) pour les relations hommes-biodiversité ?
Authors: Magda Danièle , Doussan Isabelle
Published: June 2018

Le colloque « Quelles éthiques pour les relations humains-biodiversité ? » a été l’occasion de nous réinterroger sur les fondements de nos relations avec le vivant pour repenser les objectifs et les modalités d’actions dans un contexte d’urgence environnementale. Partant du constat de l’érosion continue de la biodiversité, la mise en débat depuis une diversité de points de vue disciplinaires et thématiques a pointé l’importance de la reconnaissance d’une pluralité de liens entre l’homme et le vivant née de la diversité de nos cultures, pratiques et affects vis-à-vis du vivant. Il s’agit d’explorer cette diversité à la fois pour la valoriser mais aussi pour nous aider à construire une nouvelle éthique de l’action.
Therapie mit „bösen“ Jugendlichen
Authors: Taubner Svenja , Gablonski Thorsten-Christian
Published: June 2018

Störungen des Sozialverhaltens haben im Kindes- und Jugendalter eine hohe
Prävalenz mit einem erhöhten Risiko zur Chronifizierung. Internationale Studien
belegen insbesondere für die familienorientierten Interventionen eine
Wirksamkeit bei der Behandlung im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Eine adaptierte
Mentalisierungsbasierte Therapie strebt eine Steigerung der
Mentalisierungsfähigkeiten der Jugendlichen und deren Familien an.
Die Diversität des „Bösen“
Authors: Held Judith
Published: June 2018

Gut und Böse – so klar abtrennbar wie sie sprachlich sind, scheint ihre Bedeutung
nicht zu sein. Vielmehr ist es eine Frage der Wahrnehmung und der Ansicht, was
und wer wann als Gut und Böse beurteilt oder wahrgenommen wird. Alexander
Solschenizyn, Überlebender des Gulags und russischer Nobel-Preisträger der
Literatur, fasst dies zusammen: „Die Linie, die Gute und Böse trennt, verläuft
nicht zwischen Klassen und nicht zwischen Parteien, sondern quer durch jedes
Menschenherz. Diese Linie ist beweglich, sie schwankt im Laufe der Jahre. Selbst
in einem vom Bösen besetzten Herzen hält sich ein Brückenkopf des Guten, selbst
im gütigsten Herzen – ein uneinnehmbarer Schlupfwinkel des Bösen.“
Fallbericht Depression, Zwangshandlungen und Panikstörung
Authors: Strube Tanja B. , Neher Martin , Wiegand-Grefe Silke
Published: June 2018

Ein Mann mittleren Alters sucht die Therapie aufgrund zahlreicher Störungen und seines drohenden Arbeitsplatzverlustes auf. Im Zentrum der Störung stehen
Zwangshandlungen begleitet von einer Panikstörung und einer mittelgradig depressiven Episode. Die komorbiden Symptome bestünden bereits seit mehreren
Jahren, ohne dass er sich zu einer Psychotherapie bereit fühlte oder von seinem sozialen Umfeld dazu bewegt werden konnte. Die zunehmende Beeinträchtigung
am Arbeitsplatz und der drohende Verlust dieser sinnstiftenden Beschäftigung waren für ihn nun jedoch der Auslöser, eine Psychotherapie in Anspruch zu
nehmen.
Vitamine und Spurenelemente in der Onkologie
Authors: Holch Julian , Michl Marlies , Heinemann Volker , Erickson Nicole
Published: June 2018

Vitamine und Spurenelemente werden häufig von Patienten eingenommen, um Tumorerkrankungen vorzubeugen oder deren Fortschreiten zu verhindern. Dies geschieht oft auch ohne Wissen des behandelnden Arztes. Der vorliegende Artikel beleuchtet die aktuelle Evidenzlage zu den meist untersuchten Mikronährstoffen und leitet hieraus konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen ab.
Temporary Segmental Distraction in a Dog with Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis
Authors: Willems Nicole , Kersten Roel , van Gaalen Steven , Öner F. , Strijkers Gustav , Veraa Stefanie , Beukers Martijn , Tryfonidou Marianna , Meij Björn
Published: June 2018

Objectives Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) is characterized by intervertebral disc degeneration and causes lower back pain in dogs. Temporary distraction in rabbit models with induced intervertebral disc degeneration showed signs of intervertebral disc repair. In the present study, we assessed safety and efficacy of temporary segmental distraction in a dog with clinical signs of DLSS.

Methods Distraction of the lumbosacral junction by pedicle screw–rod fixation was applied in a 5-year-old Greyhound with DLSS and evaluated by radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and force plate analysis before and after distraction.

Results Safe distraction of the lumbosacral junction was demonstrated, with improvement of clinical signs after removal of the distraction device. Signal intensity of the intervertebral disc showed no changes over time. T2 value was highest directly after removal of the distraction device but decreased by 10% of the preoperative value at 9 months of follow-up. Disc height decreased (8%) immediately after removal of the distraction device, but recovered to the initial value. A decrease in the pelvic/thoracic propulsive force during pedicle screw–rod fixation and distraction was demonstrated, which slowly increased by 4% compared with the initial value.

Clinical significance Temporary pedicle screw–rod fixation in combination with distraction in a dog with DLSS was safe, improved clinical signs and retained disc height at 9 months of follow-up.
Percutaneous Pulmonary Embolism Thrombectomy and Thrombolysis: Technical Tips and Tricks
Authors: Devcic Zlatko , Kuo William
Published: June 2018

Catheter-directed therapy (CDT) is now acknowledged as a treatment option for select patients with acute massive or submassive pulmonary embolism (PE), and more patients are being considered for CDT if there is available expertise. Therefore, interventionalists should be aware of the variety of catheter-based treatment options, specific pitfalls to avoid during therapy, and the appropriate treatment endpoints. This article reviews currently available techniques and protocols for treating acute massive and submassive PE, with tips to safely and successfully perform percutaneous PE interventions.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Intra-Articular Structures in the Canine Stifle Joint after Implantation of a Titanium Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy Plate
Authors: Gerwing Martin , Failing Klaus , Peppler Christine , Kása Andreas , Kramer Martin , von Pückler Kerstin , Feichtenschlager Christian
Published: June 2018

Objectives To determine the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of anatomical stifle structures with respect to implant positioning after tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) using a titanium plate.

Methods Selected sagittal and dorsal sequences of pre- and postoperative MRI (1.0 T scanner) of 13 paired (n = 26) sound cadaveric stifle joints were evaluated. The effect of susceptibility artifact on adjacent anatomical stifle structures was graded from 0 to 5. The impact of implant positioning regarding assessment score was calculated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

Results Sagittal turbo spin echo (TSE)-acquired images enabled interpretation of most soft tissue, osseous and cartilage structures without detrimental effect of susceptibility artifact distortions. In T2-weighted TSE images, the cranial cruciate ligament and caudal horn of the medial meniscus could be evaluated, independent of implant position, without any susceptibility artifact in all specimens. T2-weighted fast field echo, water selective, balanced fast field echo and short tau inversion recovery were most markedly affected by susceptibility artifact.

Clinical Significance In selected TSE sequences, MRI allows evaluation of critical intra-articular structures after titanium TPLO plate implantation. Further investigations with confirmed stifle pathologies in dogs are required, to evaluate the accuracy of MRI after TPLO in clinical cases in this context.
Medium- and Large-Sized Autologous Breast Reconstruction using a Fleur-de-lys Profunda Femoris Artery Perforator Flap Design: A Report Comparing Results with the Horizontal Profunda Femoris Artery Perforator Flap
Authors: Lhuaire Martin , Haddad Kevin , Wirz Francesco-Saverio , Abedalthaqafi Samah , Obadia Déborah , Derder Mohamed , Marchac Alexandre , Benjoar Marc , Hivelin Mikael , Lantieri Laurent , Hunsinger Vincent
Published: June 2018

Background The volume of the profunda femoris artery perforator (PAP) flap limits its indications to small- and medium-sized breast reconstructions after modified radical mastectomy for cancer. We report a modified PAP flap design, including not only a vertical extension that increases its volume but also the skin surface, which suits larger breasts requiring immediate or delayed breast reconstructions and compare the results with our horizontal skin paddle PAP flap experience.

Patients and Methods In our center between November 2014 and November 2016, 51 consecutive patients underwent a PAP flap breast reconstruction following breast cancer. A retrospective analysis on the collected data was performed to compare 34 patients with a bra cup smaller than C who underwent 41 horizontal PAP flap procedures, with those (n = 17) of a bra cup greater than or equal to C who underwent 21 fleur-de-lys PAP flap procedures. Demographic, anthropometric, flap and surgical characteristics, postoperative complication rates, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.

Results The average flap weight was 480 g (range: 340–735 g) for the fleur-de-lys PAP flap group compared with 222 g (range: 187–325 g) for the horizontal PAP flap procedure (p < 0.001). The mean flap dimensions were 25 × 18 cm for the fleur-de-lys PAP flap group compared with 25 × 7 cm in the horizontal PAP flap group. No flap failure was observed in the fleur-de-lys PAP flap group compared with two flap failures secondary to venous thrombosis in the horizontal PAP flap group (NS). Three patients (14%) experienced delayed healing at the donor site compared with four patients (10%) in the horizontal PAP flap group (NS).

Conclusion The fleur-de-lys skin paddle design not only allows an increase of the horizontal PAP flap volume, but also increases the skin surface, with an acceptable donor site morbidity. For medium- or large-sized breasts, the fleur-de-lys PAP flap seems to be ideal when a DIEP flap-based reconstruction is contraindicated.
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Pretorius G. , Jamieson Stuart
Published: June 2018

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension occurs when acute thromboemboli fail to dissolve completely. The resulting fibrotic scar tissue within the pulmonary arteries is obstructive and eventually leads to right heart failure. Medical therapy for this condition is supportive, but surgery with pulmonary artery endarterectomy is curative, and carries a low mortality at experienced centers.
Intra- and Inter-observer Variability of Measurements of the Laxity Index on Stress Radiographs Performed with the Vezzoni-Modified Badertscher Hip Distension Device
Authors: Vezzoni Aldo , Houdellier Blandine , Bogaerts Evelien , Stock Emmelie , Polis Ingeborgh , Deforce Dieter , Saunders Jimmy , Broeckx Bart , Bertal Mileva
Published: June 2018

Objectives To describe and evaluate the accuracy, intra- and inter-observer variability of the laxity index (LI), used to quantify hip laxity on stress radiographs obtained with the Vezzoni-modified Badertscher distension device (VMBDD).

Methods Stress radiographs of 10 dogs obtained with the VMBDD were measured three times by an experienced observer. Six participants with different backgrounds (two ECVDI residents, two PhD students, two veterinary assistants) followed a short presentation and performed subsequently the measurements four times in two separate sessions. The effect of self-learning, feedback and specialization on the accuracy of the measurements was assessed.

Results While the intra- and inter-observer variability were in agreement with other studies, the results of the experienced observer indicated that the variability can be very low. Neither feedback nor self-learning improved the results. A high degree of experience in radiographic assessment was not necessary to perform the measurements correctly.

Clinical Significance As the LI measurements were acceptable after a short presentation, they support the use of VMBDD for a complete and correct in-house evaluation of the hip joint by trained clinicians. However, we propose that, in the context of screening, measurements should be performed by a limited number of experienced examiners, to limit the impact of the inter-observer variability.
Procalcitonin-Guided Therapy for Reduction of Antibiotic Use in Patients with Bronchiolitis
Authors: Bayoglu Duygu , Eker Pinar , Guven Sirin
Published: June 2018

Objective Procalcitonin (PCT)-guided treatment could reduce antibiotic use in viral lower respiratory tract infections. We evaluated the impact of PCT-guided treatment on antibiotic use in patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis.

Study Design A total of 100 patients aged 1 to 24 months old who were hospitalized with bronchiolitis were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups: PCT-guided group received an antibiotic treatment based on PCT levels and control group received an antibiotic treatment according to the physician decision.

Results Antibiotic use on first day in the PCT-guided group (12%) was found to be statistically significantly lower than in the control group (80%) (p = 0.001; p < 0.05; relative risk [RR]: 29.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.77–88.03). On the third day, antibiotic use was statistically significantly lower in the PCT-guided group (16%) than in the control group (40%) (p = 0.014; p < 0.05; RR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.36–9).

Conclusion We suggested that PCT guidance will have important contributions to reduce antibiotic use in children with bronchiolitis. Particularly in countries with higher antibiotic prescription rates, this strategy may have implication for reducing the development of antibiotic resistance and side effects due to disturbance of microbiota.
Electrical and optical analyses of tandem organic light-emitting diodes with organic charge-generation layer
Authors: Kim Bong Sung , Chae Heeyeop , Chung Ho Kyoon , Cho Sung Min
Published: June 2018

The electrical and optical properties of tandem organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), in which a fluorescent and phosphorescent emitting units are connected by an organic charge-generation layer (CGL), were experimentally analyzed. To investigate the internal properties of the tandem OLEDs, we fabricated and compared two single, two homo-tandem, and two hetero-tandem OLEDs using the fluorescent and phosphorescent units. From the experimental results of the OLEDs obtained at the same current density, the voltage across the CGL as well as the individual emission spectra and luminance of each unit of tandem OLEDs were obtained and compared with the theoretical simulation results. The analysis method proposed in this study can be utilized as a method to verify the accuracy of optical or electrical computer simulation of tandem OLED and it will be useful to understand the overall electrical and optical characteristics of tandem OLEDs.
High-precision temperature measurement based on weak measurement using nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Li Hongjing , Huang Jing-Zheng , Yu Yang , Li Yanjia , Fang Chen , Zeng Guihua
Published: June 2018

High-precision temperature measurements could guarantee temperature difference control accuracy in research and industrial production. To flexibly achieve high precision and large operating temperature range is a crucial problem for temperature measurements. Here, we demonstrate a method for a high-precision temperature measurement based on a weak measurement done using nematic liquid crystals (NLCs). By performing an analysis in the frequency domain, the temperature variation of NLCs is measured using a Sagnac interferometer with appropriate preselection and postselection. In order to obtain a large operating temperature range, there is a relatively large time delay that resulted from NLCs, and an operational principle is deduced explicitly by Jones matrices. In the proposed method, the precision of 3 × 10−6 °C could be achieved by a currently available spectrometer and the operating temperature range can be modulated by the thickness of NLCs. Moreover, the temperature sensitivity of 13.5 nm/°C could be realized for NLCs with 100 μm thickness, which exhibits at least three orders of magnitude larger than the value for other frequency domain analyses.