bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subtle and Spectacular: Diverse White Dwarf Debris Disks Revealed by JWST
Authors: Farihi J. , Su K. Y. L. , Melis C. , Kenyon S. J. , Swan A. , Redfield S. , Wyatt M. C. , Debes J. H.
Published: February 2025

This Letter reports 12 novel spectroscopic detections of warm circumstellar dust orbiting polluted white dwarfs using the JWST Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI). The disks span 2 orders of magnitude in fractional infrared brightness and more than double the number of white dwarf dust spectra available for mineralogical study. Among the highlights are (i) the two most subtle infrared excesses yet detected, (ii) the strongest silicate emission features known for any debris disk orbiting any main-sequence or white dwarf star, (iii) one disk with a thermal continuum but no silicate emission, and (iv) three sources with likely spectral signatures of silica glass. The near ubiquity of solid-state emission requires small dust grains that are optically thin and thus must be replenished on year-to-decade timescales by ongoing collisions. The disk exhibiting a featureless continuum can only be fit by dust temperatures in excess of 2000 K, implying highly refractory material comprised of large particles, or non-silicate mineral species. If confirmed, the glassy silica orbiting three stars could be indicative of high-temperature processes and subsequent rapid cooling, such as occur in high-velocity impacts or vulcanism. These detections have been enabled by the unprecedented sensitivity of MIRI low-resolution spectrometer spectroscopy and highlight the capability and potential for further observations in future cycles.
SEM and elemental analysis evaluation of the working surface of instruments from two different nickel titanium rotary file systems
Authors: Giragosyan Hachko , Filipov Ivan , Simeonova Emiliya , Zahariev Nikolay , Kasabova Stela
Published: February 2025

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the surface changes in two different systems of rotary instruments before and after use by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis (EDA).

Materials and methods: We selected thirty files and divided them equally into two groups of 15 files each based on their manufacturing technology. Each file was used to prepare 5 root canals of freshly extracted human teeth. All the files were subjected to SEM and EDS before and after being used and the results compared to evaluate the surface changes. The results were then compared between the two groups using the t-test.

Results: The SEM images showed a greater mean difference in the surface changes before and after use for the system that employed only the M-wire manufacturing technology (1.46±1.68) vs. (3.07± 2.01), compared with the system that combined the M-wire and Gold manufacturing technologies (2.06±1.62) vs. (3.33±2.19). The most common observation in both systems was debris accumulation. Other notable findings included microfractures and file separation. The EDS results suggest that the more modern system has a higher loss of chemical composition after use compared to the system using only M-wire technology.

Conclusion: The present study provides evidence confirming that the use of Ni-Ti rotary file systems leads to the progression and possible creation of new surface changes. They increase the likelihood of iatrogenic errors and treatment failure in both file systems. Long-term use of files with gold manufacturing technology is not recommended, but for single use they outperform those with M-wire technology.
Trans-catheter mitral valve repair with MitraClip for mitral regurgitation. A case report of an unusual and acute complication of MitraClip migration in the left atrium
Authors: Sarridou Despoina G. , Mouratoglou Sophia Anastasia , Chamos Christos , Manos Theofilos , Tsagkaropoulos Sokratis , Karapanagiotidis Georgios Theodoros
Published: February 2025

Transcatheter mitral valve repair with the MitraClip device has become an established therapeutic option for the treatment of symptomatic patients with mitral regurgitation and prohibitive surgical risk. Despite its safe profile when performed in experienced centers, complications such as MitraClip device detachment or migration into the left atrium can occur and pose a significant risk. We report a MitraClip device migration into the left atrium short after its placement in a patient with symptomatic mitral valve regurgitation and a history of previous coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement.
Enhancing wound healing with synthetic hyaluronic acid injection in sutured incisions on BALB/c mice
Authors: Aryanfar Elham , Ghoncheh Mahdi , Afshar Mohammad , Chahkandi Mahboobe , Allahyari Elahe , Shadi Mehri
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Hyaluronic acid has been shown to possess notable properties in wound healing, skin regeneration, and anti-inflammatory effects. The formation of scar tissue is a common and unintended phenomenon during the wound-healing process, potentially leading to diverse consequences for individuals.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of injecting synthetic hyaluronic acid on the wound healing process in BALB/c mice subjected to suture wounding.

Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 18 adult male BALB/c mice were utilized and distributed into two groups (9 mice each): an experimental group and a control group. A full-thickness incision wound, one centimeter in length, was created in the skin of the back neck area for both groups. After being wounded, all wounds were sutured. However, only mice in the experimental group had 0.05 mL of hyaluronic acid on both sides of the wound. On days 7, 14, and 21 following the injection of hyaluronic acid, three mice from each group were anesthetized, and skin samples were collected for histological evaluation. After staining the tissue slides with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome, a comprehensive analysis was conducted by a pathologist to quantify key histological parameters, including the number of fibroblasts, collagen fiber density, granulation area, and epithelium thickness.

Results: The experimental group demonstrated an increased number of fibroblasts, higher collagen density, and a more organized arrangement of collagen fibers when compared to the control group. On day 21, the experimental group exhibited a significantly higher average thickness of the epithelium and greater hair growth when compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that hyaluronic acid exerts a positive influence on the healing process of sutured incisions, positioning it as a promising candidate for preventing the formation of abnormal scars at the site.
Academic-Practice Partnership Builds Innovation and Creative Capacity Following a Human-Centered Design Workshop
Authors: Holt Jeana , Talsma AkkeNeel , Lloren Jan , Avdeev Ilya , Eckert Colleen , Mu Qiyan , Ndakuya-Fitzgerald Florine , Jastrab Joann
Published: February 2025

Innovation is the capacity of organizational teams to adapt to environmental changes, generate new value, and integrate it into the system. Human-centered design (HCD) centers on empathy and how people interact with the environment, which helps clinicians understand a problem from the user perspective. Nurses do not usually learn about innovation and HCD skills during their education. A recent solution to remedy this was collaboration between a healthcare system and a university innovation center to facilitate training through an academic-practice partnership. A Midwestern Veterans Health Administration (VHA) partnered with an R1 research university school of nursing and innovation center to co-create an 8-hour HCD workshop. This article reports findings from our mixed method, pre-post design study that evaluated creative self-efficacy, psychological empowerment, and traits of design thinkers of the participants (n = 31). Paired t-tests and linear mixed-effects models indicated statistically significant gains post-intervention at the construct level. Qualitative themes emerging from participant narrative reflections aligned with the constructs and sub-constructs in the instruments and added urgency to apply learnings to their work context. Participant reflections often identified a new sense of creative confidence, HCD skill proficiency, and enthusiasm to share their learnings with colleagues. Nurses creatively solve problems in their daily work; however, most do not learn how to apply HCD methodologies to seek a solution. Academic-practice partnerships can maximize the strengths of strong innovation ecosystems at the university and organizational levels, creating multiple courses of support, resources, and perspectives.
Psychosocial Health in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Adeyinka Sharon , Griggs Stephanie
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at a higher risk for psychosocial stress; however, there is limited research on how that stress manifests along with the relevant psychosocial experiences in adults with SCD. The purpose of the current integrative review was to synthesize the current research on psychosocial experiences among adults aged 18 to 40 years with SCD.

Method

PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for relevant articles, with 12 articles ultimately included in this study.

Results

Across studies, adults with SCD were at a higher risk for psychosocial stress based on objective measurements and qualitative interviews.

Conclusion

Findings demonstrate the importance of routinely screening for psychosocial stress using objective measures, and the need to create a psychologically safe environment for people with SCD to express their concerns. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx
(xx), xx–xx.]
Alone in a Crowded Room: The Lived Experience of Loneliness Among Teens
Authors: Sabo Kathryn , Locke Jenna , Wong John , Lopez Ruth Palan
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Loneliness is a major concern among teens in the United States, impacting mental health and school performance. The purpose of the current mixed methods study was to explore the experience of loneliness from the perspective of teens.

Method

Data were collected through surveys and in-depth interviews with eight teens (aged 13 to 15 years) from an urban after-school program. Participants were asked to describe their experiences and perceptions of loneliness.

Results

Participants rated their loneliness at 38.5 (moderate level). Analysis revealed that the experience of loneliness was commonly described as being alone in a crowded room. Participants highlighted feelings of social isolation, disconnectedness, and observing from the periphery. Contributing factors included school environment, social dynamics, and challenges in making friends.

Conclusion

Findings of this study provide insight into the lived experience of loneliness among teens, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive approaches to mitigate its adverse effects on mental health and school performance. Educational programs on healthy relationships and effective communication are recommended. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx
(xx), xx–xx.]
La geografía comercial de Bilbao: topónimos portuarios e industriales en la documentación fiscal, aduanera y naval bilbaína de finales del siglo XV y comienzos del XVI
Authors: González Arce José Damián
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo recoge la mayor parte de los puertos atlánticos con los que traficó Bilbao, así como Portugalete, a finales de la Edad Media; principales puntos de salida y entrada de los flujos comerciales castellanos con el norte de Europa. También se incluyen casi todas las mercancías que transitaron en ambos sentidos. Datos que han sido plasmados en un par de decenas de mapas. Se ha podido reunir tal información gracias al manejo de nuevas fuentes documentales. Con él se abren nuevos campos de investigación sobre los tráficos comerciales operados entre regiones europeas especializadas en la salida de materias primas y en recepción de manufacturas, con los centros productores con los que traficaron.
Bathyal infaunal communities from a deep seamount (Galicia Bank, northeast Atlantic)
Authors: Lourido Antía , Parra Santiago , Serrano Alberto
Published: February 2025

Seamounts are isolated topographic elevations rising steeply from the ocean floor that are characterized by high spatial heterogeneity and topographic complexity. They offer a large number of microhabitats that favour faunal diversity as well as fish feeding and spawning grounds. Though there is increasing research interest in seamounts, it is most often focused on studying large suspension feeders or fish populations, while the infauna is usually neglected. In this paper, we studied the infaunal macrobenthic diversity and distribution of sedimentary habitats on the Galicia Bank (northwest Iberian peninsula), as well as their links with the environment. We sampled 28 sites (683–2274 m depth) and identified more than 1300 specimens from 182 taxa, mostly polychaetes (67% of the total). Sediments were mainly sandy (medium, fine and very fine sands) with low levels of organic matter. We found three major macrobenthic assemblages through multivariate analyses: A, with medium depths and the lowest abundances; B, the shallowest, with medium sands and intermediate abundances; and C, the deepest and most diverse with the finest sediments. Depth, mud content and median grain size were best related to macrofauna distribution patterns, separating shallow environments with medium sands from deeper ones with finer sediments.
Le monopole de l’équarrisseur
Authors: Levasseur Aurelle
Published: February 2025

À Montpellier au début du xixe siècle, une « ferme des bêtes mortes » (délégation municipale d’un service d’équarrissage) fut baillée à l’un des nombreux tanneurs de la ville. Les rédactions successives des cahiers des charges qui l’encadrèrent visèrent à établir un monopole au profit du fermier, malgré les droits dont disposaient les propriétaires sur leurs bêtes mortes et ceux des autres équarrisseurs, fondés sur la liberté du commerce. L’échec de ces dispositions, qui devaient éviter le déficit à l’équarrisseur municipal malgré les charges auxquelles il était assujetti, entraîna la disparition de la ferme en 1843, faute de candidats. Elle réapparut sous forme de concession à l’extrême fin du siècle et avec elle ressurgirent les conflits liés à la question du monopole, qui firent notamment l’objet du fameux arrêt Thérond du Conseil d’État. Mais, cette fois, la concession put s’inscrire dans la durée, parce que le concessionnaire acquit progressivement un monopole de fait, en raison du recul des droits des propriétaires sur leurs bêtes mortes à partir de la grande loi de police sanitaire de 1898 et de la concentration progressive du secteur liée au durcissement des normes hygiéniques.
Hospitales en el Madrid del siglo XVII: San Antonio de los portugueses, el Refugio y otras iniciativas afines
Authors: Pulido Serrano Ignacio
Published: February 2025

En la última década del siglo XVI y en las primeras de la siguiente centuria tuvo lugar en Madrid un conjunto destacable de iniciativas hospitalarias y caritativas que han merecido nuestra atención. Se fundaron entonces distintos hospitales por impulso de algunas de las hermandades nacionales existentes en la corte y villa, como fue la de san Antonio de los Portugueses en la que nos ocupamos aquí. Además, se crearon entonces algunas cofradías asistenciales dedicadas a la atención de las distintas formas de pobreza que de manera creciente se fueron haciendo presentes en la ciudad. Entre otras, son los casos de la célebre hermandad del Refugio y, también, de la Misericordia de la parroquia de san Martín, que con este nombre desarrolló sus actividades en este populoso barrio madrileño. Así, la diversidad de formas en las que la caridad se manifestó entonces nos permite comparar unas con otras y mostrar las particularidades de cada una de ellas.
Voz y personaje: «el estraño suceso» de la doncella encerrada en una encina
Authors: Meunier Philippe
Published: February 2025

Se trata de evaluar lo que se juega en uno de los episodios más extraordinarios del Persiles en su desarrollo meridional, el de Feliciana de la Voz (III, 2-5), cuyo apodo no deja de cuestionarse hasta el desenlace. La denominación refiere a un personaje declinado a la vez como parturienta y criatura recién parida en un entorno silvestre evangélico no exento de peligro y de violencia social, generadores de angustia y de sus proyecciones imaginarias. Una vez recobrada, la voz cantada de la protagonista permite entender por qué la fábula se desenlaza en el famoso monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe, más allá del universo cultural extremeño y sus milagros marianos.
Juan Pablo Forner, un «contra-optimista» de la Ilustración española
Authors: Lora Márquez Claudia
Published: February 2025

La vie et l’œuvre de Juan Pablo Forner (1756-1797) ont souvent été considérées comme représentatives de la tendance conservatrice et anti-philosophique des Lumières espagnoles. Pourtant, à la lumière des témoignages recueillis, l’écrivain de Mérida montre qu’il fut l’un des destinataires les plus passionnés du monde hispanophone des Essais de Théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l’homme et l’origine du mal, publiés par le philosophe allemand Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz en 1710, dont il souhaitait détromper les doctrines de ses contemporains.Cet article vise à démontrer la connaissance qu’avait Forner non seulement des fondements théoriques de l’optimisme leibnizien, mais aussi de ses principaux adeptes et détracteurs. La recherche comprend l’analyse de textes imprimés qui permettent de situer convenablement Forner dans le contexte européen de la « querelle de l’optimisme » au cours du XVIIIᵉ siècle.
Un acceso a la memoria en los archivos de la Iglesia Católica. La investigación realizada en La verdad los hará libres
Authors: Liberti Svd Luis O. , Ripaldi Federico
Published: February 2025

La obra La verdad los hará libres habla de un plural, “los” archivos, sobre los cuales ha realizado su investigación. La Iglesia Católica es una institución que ha resguardado desde hace siglos documentos y fuentes que revelan su presencia en el mundo. La Iglesia en su unidad y diversidad conserva documentos que surgen principalmente del anuncio o testimonio del Evangelio de Jesucristo. Por esto documenta sus expresiones, acciones y servicios encarnados en diversos ámbitos existenciales e institucionales. La tarea de investigación archivística en La verdad los hará libres trabaja sobre dos archivos fundamentales para el período 1976-1983: Conferencia Episcopal Argentina y Secretaría de Estado del Vaticano (que incluye la Nunciatura Apostólica). En este artículo, intentamos ofrecer un panorama de la organización de ambas entidades y los documentos a los que hemos accedido que no habían sido previamente estudiados. Además, la presencia de otros archivos vinculados a la investigación da cuenta de la multiplicidad de lugares y fuentes documentales.
Relaciones Civiles-Militares en el Estado Colombiano: Un análisis Sociohistórico de su rol y evolución (1900-2016)
Authors: Robayo Eldi Paola
Published: February 2025

Este documento examina las relaciones cívico-militares en Colombia desde el siglo XX hasta el 2016, evidenciando su fluctuación y su impacto en la evolución del Estado. Se argumenta que estas relaciones han sido dinámicas, moldeando las funciones y el rol de las fuerzas armadas, así como su interacción con las instituciones civiles. Además, se analiza cómo han influido profundamente en la estabilidad política, la consolidación institucional, la capacidad de adaptación y la resiliencia del Estado frente a desafíos como el narcotráfico, la insurgencia y las crisis sociales. Se resalta cómo estas relaciones han moldeado el Estado colombiano, subrayando la necesidad de enfoques críticos y complementarios para comprender su complejidad y efectos a largo plazo.
Defender, recordar y enaltecer las tierras indígenas: los artistas de Coatepec
Authors: Pulido Rull Ana
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo analiza la relación que tenían los pueblos indígenas con su territorio en la época colonial a través del estudio de los mapas que crearon los artistas indígenas en el siglo XVI. Puesto que los mapas representaban un territorio que era amenazado de manera continua por la colonización europea, o que se había perdido ya, el enfoque de mi trabajo es – cómo representaron los artistas este territorio en sus mapas, ya fuese para defenderlo o para manifestar y mantener viva la memoria de este espacio imbuido de historias. Fue el conocimiento indígena, los intercambios internos entre artistas y comunidades, lo que le dio forma a estos mapas y, a su vez, lo que les permitió proteger sus espacios durante la dominación española. Algunos de estos mapas, por ejemplo, las Relaciones Geográficas, fueron encargados por la corte de Felipe II y sus cosmógrafos reales, lo cual les dio a los artistas la oportunidad de contar su historia con sus propias palabras. Otros mapas fueron creados para resolver problemas prácticos en el virreinato; de estos hubo una gran demanda, los españoles dependían de los saberes indígenas en lo cotidiano.
Produire le collectif : pratiques auctoriales dans les écrits de conflit (Moyen Âge-XVIIIe siècle)
Authors: Giavarini Laurence
Published: February 2025

Cette introduction expose les perspectives du numéro en expliquant l’intérêt de l’angle de la polémique pour comprendre les pratiques auctoriales collectives ou les modes d’apparition en groupe dans les écrits du passé. Elle propose d’abord une contextualisation de la question dans l’évolution des travaux littéraires sur l’époque moderne, puis précise certaines des articulations possibles entre auctorialité, groupement d’écrits et groupes, avant de présenter les différentes contributions du volume. Une brève conclusion souligne l’ancrage de ces contributions dans les luttes du présent.
Bright ideas: comparison of LED and black-light fluorescent light performance on the capture of macromoth assemblages in western Newfoundland’s boreal forest, Canada
Authors: Bowden Joseph James , Janke Lauren A.A. , Young Jodi Olivia , Moise Eric R.D. , Schmidt B. Christian , Warren Jamie M.
Published: February 2025

Moths are a hyperdiverse taxon and contribute to important ecosystem services, including herbivory, pollination, and as food for other animals. Artificial light is an effective means by which to attract nocturnal moths for ecological study, but many traditional light-trapping approaches require the use of heavy, lead acid batteries, whereas novel light-emitting diodes (LEDs) use much lighter and energy-efficient lithium-ion batteries. Employing replicated forest stands being used for a longer-term study on the effects of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) application, we assessed how traps fitted with either black-light fluorescent (BLF) or LED lights differed in the moth assemblages they attracted. The macromoth assemblages captured by the two light sources differed significantly in their composition, with some species almost exclusively collected by a particular light type. We collected significantly more moths in the BLF traps overall. However, we found a higher diversity of species using the LED light traps but only in the Btk–treated sites. We show that, although these lights appear to attract significantly different species assemblages, LEDs represent an effective, efficient, and environmentally safer approach for attracting macromoths. More empirical studies will help elucidate which species are most attracted to various light sources and if broader phylogenetic patterns exist.
Ethnobotanical survey and economic impact of plants used to relieve COVID-19 related infections
Authors: Aphane Tshepo , Gololo Stanley S. , Thibane Vuyisile S.
Published: February 2025

Background: In the wake of the global crisis initiated by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, South Africans explored alternative therapeutic strategies. This exploration was driven by vaccine hesitancy, the emergence of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants, and the enduring challenges posed by the virus.Aim: This study aims to document medicinal plants with antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties and further report on their economic and social impact during the pandemic.Setting: The study was conducted through an ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants with potential of relieving respiratory-related infections and assessing their subsequent economic impact.Methods: A comprehensive desktop study utilizing search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus was employed for documentation of these plants. Data gathered included plant species, family, parts used, preparation methods, administration routes and conservation status.Results: The study identified 23 plants from 18 different families that exhibit dual antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. The study revealed a predominant utilization of the Lamiaceae family (14.8%), with leaves being the most used plant part (31.0%). Medicinal plants were primarily administered orally (75.0%) following preparation by decoction (24.0%). In addition to their reported pharmacological potential, these plants have significant economic value, specifically in rural communities.Conclusion: Challenges such as the overharvesting of endangered species highlight the need for sustainable practices. The limited data on their immunomodulatory properties also calls for further research to fully validate their therapeutic significance.Contribution: This study contributes on the knowledge pool of useful medicinal plants against respiratory-related infections with economic potential.
A Rare Solitary Extradigital Glomangioma in an Adult Male
Authors: Sachan Sonal , Singh Suganita , Yadav Vandana , Goel Vishakha , Pavaskar Mayuresh
Published: February 2025

Glomangioma is the most common variant of glomus tumor which arises from the glomus body, a neuromyoarterial structure that surrounds the cutaneous venous system found in the reticular dermis and mainly regulates temperature. It mostly affects the subungual area and is seldom seen in other body parts. Herein, we report a rare case of a 56-year-old male with solitary extradigital glomangioma on the posterolateral aspect of the left arm for 2 years with dermoscopic, histopathology, and immunohistochemical findings.
Epidermolysis Bullosa with Congenital Absence of Skin: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Shirahatti Trishala , Bangaru H. , Shankar Sathish , Manoj Rithu , Shirahatti Amruta
Published: February 2025

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) with congenital absence of skin, also known as aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) type VI, is characterized by congenital localized absence of skin, nail abnormalities, and blistering of the skin and mucosa. ACC is classified based on the location and pattern of the absence of skin, the presence of associated malformations, and the mode of inheritance. We report two sporadic cases of EB with congenital absence of skin who presented with blistering of the skin and mucosa, localized absence of skin, and nail dystrophy without systemic involvement. The first case succumbed to the disease, whereas the second case survived with conservative management.
Discrete Papular Lichen Myxedematosus with Spontaneous Resolution: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Kurre Anusha , Vengareddy Satyapal , Kunti Shankar , Varala Sirisha
Published: February 2025

Lichen myxedematosus (LM) or papular mucinoses is an uncommon, chronic, idiopathic condition that involves lichenoid papules, plaques, or nodules due to mucin deposition and variable fibrosis in the dermis. It has two subsets: (1) Generalized papular and sclerodermoid form (scleromyxoedema of Arndt-Gottron’s) and (2) Localized papular form. Discrete papular LM (DPLM) belongs to the localized papular form. Only 12 cases of DPLM have been reported so far in the literature, without association with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We report a case of discrete papular localized lichen myxedematosus in a 17-year-old male with spontaneous resolution of all lesions within 6 months of presentation.
Effectiveness of Deworming Strategy in Reducing Anemia in Children: An Overview of Reviews
Authors: Chauhan Anil , Kaur Kulbir , Malik Vivek , Pradhan Pranita , Singh Meenu
Published: February 2025

Background:

The most common infections transmitted through soil in humans are caused by roundworms, whipworms, and hookworms. The overview of reviews aimed to determine the effectiveness of deworming interventions on anemia in children.

Material and Methods:

The studies included in this review were systematic reviews and meta-analyses that included randomized controlled trials/cluster trials comparing deworming drugs recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) with placebo or no treatment in children 1–19 years.

Results:

The electronic and manual searches have identified 137 titles and abstracts. Full-text screening yielded nine systematic reviews, which finally yielded the inclusion of six published systematic reviews and one previous report of the ICMR Advanced Centre for Evidence-Based Child Health. Overall, the results from seven systematic reviews suggested that there was no significant change in the hemoglobin levels after single- or double-dose deworming in children. The significant heterogeneity was reported by only two systematic reviews by Ghogomu et al. and the ICMR EBM report. The quality of this overview of reviews was assessed through the ROBIS tool, which reported a moderate to low risk of bias for the phase 1 and phase 2 domains.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, we suggest no significant change in hemoglobin levels and status of anemia after deworming by single or double dose in children.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Due to Disseminated Histoplasmosis in a Young Patient with AIDS
Authors: Mostel Zachary , Rogers James Speed , Neogi Sushrita
Published: February 2025

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome of immune dysregulation that results in multiorgan failure; HIV and histoplasmosis are known triggers of HLH. A young patient with AIDS was found to have disseminated histoplasmosis and met criteria for HLH. Despite 10 days of treatment with liposomal amphotericin B, she developed shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome and ultimately died. The few reported cases of HLH due to histoplasmosis in AIDS offer a variety of treatment approaches. There have been successful outcomes combining amphotericin with chemotherapies for HLH. Targeted therapies for HLH may be considered on a case-by-case basis in the setting of concurrent disseminated histoplasmosis and HIV/AIDS.
Semirigid Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Proximal Ureteric Stones: A Comparative Appraisal of Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Alaa Al-Deen , Murshed Ibrahim Mustafa
Published: February 2025

Background:

Urolithiasis is a common disease worldwide; many options are now available for its management, but evaluation of patient- and stone-related factors helps to select the treatment modality.

Aim of Study:

The objective of the study was to compare the efficiency and integrity of semi-rigid ureteroscopy (URS) versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) regarding stone-free rate and potential complications for patients with upper ureteric stone.

Patients and Methods:

A prospective study was performed, comprising 100 patients with upper ureteric stone sized < 10 mm. They were assigned into two equal groups: one group underwent ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy and the other group underwent ESWL sessions. Patients’ follow-up done at 1 month and 3 months for stone clearance and eventual complications, many factors related to the patient and stone were evaluated.

Results:

The mean age of all patients was 42.54 ± 14.07 years; 69% of patients were males. The initial stone-free rate (SFR) was statistically significant between the two groups (80% for URS and 62% for ESWL), SFR for ESWL group increased to 76% and 82% after the 2nd and 3rd sessions, respectively; however, it remained higher in the URS group after 3 months of treatment. Complications were minor in the two groups. Analysis of stone- and patient-related factors revealed no significant impact of patient’s age, gender, height, and body mass index in both groups, whereas stone size, stone density, and ureteral wall thickness had a significant effect on SFR, the significance of proximal ureteric diameter (PUD) and renal pelvis anterior–posterior diameter was noticed in ESWL group only.

Conclusion:

Both ESWL and URS were safe and effective means for treating upper ureteric stones smaller than 10 mm, but evaluation of several factors related to patient and stone may help improve stone outcome.
Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction and role of dexmedetomidine in radical colon cancer surgery in elderly patients
Authors: Pandey Chandra K , Kumar Abhishek
Published: February 2025

This article explored the application of dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective alpha-2 agonist, in managing postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing radical colon cancer surgery. Aging is associated with a progressive decline in physiological functions and an increased risk of adverse surgical outcomes, including POCD, which encompasses many neurocognitive disorders that manifest during the perioperative period. The aging population is at a higher risk for POCD, which can lead to prolonged hospital stays, delayed recovery, and increased healthcare costs. Dex has neuroprotective, opioid-sparing, and sympatholytic properties, which reduces the incidence and severity of POCD. Dex was introduced for sedation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation but has since been adopted in anesthesia due to its multifaceted benefits. Its application extends to sedation, analgesia, maintenance of anesthesia, and controlling delirium. Its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects have been explored in managing POCD. This article discussed the broad range of patient and procedure-related risk factors for POCD. Early identification and intervention are crucial to prevent the progression of POCD, which can have severe physical, psychological, and economic consequences. The article underscored the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing POCD, involving the optimization of comorbidities, depth of anesthesia monitoring, hemodynamic stability, and cerebral oxygenation monitoring.
Effects of postoperative quantitative assessment strategy-based nursing in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Tan Xiao-Qin , Huang Xiao-Lu
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Scientifically sound and reasonable care strategies in surgical nursing play a crucial role in facilitating postoperative recovery and preventing complications. This study focused on the application of quantitative assessment strategies to postoperative care. By quantitatively analyzing the effects of nursing interventions, we explored their feasibility and effectiveness at improving postoperative recovery quality and reducing the incidence of complications. This study provides a scientific basis for nursing practice and offers new insights into nursing management with significant clinical value.

AIM

To analyze the efficacy of postoperative quantitative assessment strategy-based nursing care for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

METHODS

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the ability of nursing interventions using a quantitative assessment strategy to prevent postoperative complications and enhance patient recovery. Patients with CRC were randomly divided into routine nursing (RN) and quantitative assessment strategy nursing (QASN) groups. The RN group received standard care, while the QASN group also underwent screenings for visual analog scale for pain, Barthel Index for functional recovery, and self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale for psychological status. Follow-ups were conducted on postoperative days 1, 7, 14, 28, and 56.

RESULTS

The participants’ baseline characteristics did not significantly differ between study groups, thereby ensuring the reliability of the results. The QASN vs RN group showed significant improvements in pain management (visual analog scale scores) and psychological status (self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale scores) and a reduced incidence of postoperative complications (P < 0.05). The follow-up evaluations at specified intervals confirmed these findings, indicating that quantitative assessment strategies significantly enhanced patients’ postoperative pain management and psychological well-being.

CONCLUSION

Nursing interventions using structured quantitative assessments demonstrated significantly improved postoperative recovery and quality of life in patients with CRC, supporting their integration into standard postoperative care protocols.
Application progress of early nutrition intervention in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Deng Shan-Shan , Zhu Yu-Ping , Chen Zhi-Tao , Li Wan
Published: February 2025

Liver transplantation, as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer, plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients. However, the complexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily lead to the occurrence of malnutrition in patients, and then increase the risk of postoperative complications, which has aroused widespread clinical attention. Reasonable nutritional support can not only maintain the stability of the body’s internal environment, reduce the occurrence of complications, but also promote the recovery of liver and other organ functions. In recent years, with the in-depth understanding of nutritional metabolism after liver transplantation, the application of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in nutritional support after liver transplantation has been increasingly extensive and achieved remarkable results. This paper discusses the effect of early postoperative nutritional intervention on patients with liver cancer and liver transplantation, and combined with its mechanism of action, can better understand the effectiveness of intervention, and provide reference for the development of scientific and reasonable nutritional support programs in clinical practice.
Efficacy of combined psychological and physical nursing in preventing peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Ni Wei-Jing , Xi Yu-Xiu , Zhou Yong-Chao
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Long-term chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer (GC), facilitated by peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) catheterization, reduces vascular damage and enhances drug delivery efficiency but carries risks of catheter-related complications. A combination of group psychological nursing and physical movement care significantly mitigates the risk of venous thrombosis and improves psychological well-being, and enhances motor function, underscoring its clinical importance.

AIM

To assess group psychological and physical movement nursing in preventing venous thrombosis in patients with PICC GC.

METHODS

Sixty-five GC patients with PICC, admitted from January 2022 to January 2023, were randomly divided into two groups using the lottery method: A control group (n = 35, routine nursing) and an observation group (n = 30, routine nursing plus psychological nursing and physical movement nursing). Both groups received continuous care for 2 weeks. Pre-nursing and post-nursing data on psychological state, physical function, chemotherapy-related thrombosis incidence, and cancer-related fatigue were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.

RESULTS

After nursing, both groups showed reduced Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores and increased General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale scores, with the observation group performing better (P < 0.05). The Functional Comprehensive Assessment score for the observation group after nursing was (65.42 ± 2.35) points, lower than the control group’s (62.19 ± 4.33) points (P < 0.05). Although no significant difference was observed in the incidence of venous thrombosis between the two groups (χ 2 = 0.815, P = 0.367), the observation group had lower incidence. Both groups showed decreased Revised Piper Fatigue Scale scores, with the observation group scoring lower (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Group psychological and physical movement nursing for patients with PICC reduces venous thrombosis risk, improves psychological well-being, cancer-related fatigue, and physical function, making it highly promotable.
Retrospective analysis of preoperative tumor marker levels in rectal cancer patients: Implications for diagnosis
Authors: Li Ming , Yuan Da-Hao , Yang Zhi , Lu Teng-Xiang , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Early detection of rectal cancer poses significant challenges. Current diagnostic methods, including colonoscopy, imaging techniques, and fecal tests, have limitations such as invasiveness, cost, and varying sensitivity. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in rectal cancer patients.

AIM

To investigate the value of a multi-marker approach for the preoperative diagnosis of rectal cancer.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of 250 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer between July 2022 and July 2024 was conducted. Preoperative alpha-fetoprotein levels, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), CA19-9, CA15-3, and CA72-4 were analyzed. All blood samples were collected under standardized conditions, including fasting status and proper storage methods, within two weeks before surgery. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Correlations among clinicopathological features were also evaluated.

RESULTS

CEA demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance among individual tumor markers with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.83]. However, a combination of CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 showed superior performance, achieving an AUC of 0.87 (95%CI: 0.83-0.91). Significant correlations were observed between CEA levels and several clinicopathological features, including tumor stage (P < 0.001), lymph node involvement (P = 0.002), and distant metastasis (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in a subgroup analysis of patients diagnosed after July 2022, the integration of fecal occult blood testing with the tumor marker panel (CEA + CA19-9 + CA72-4) significantly improved diagnostic accuracy, increasing the AUC to 0.91 (95%CI: 0.86-0.96).

CONCLUSION

A multimarker approach combining CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 with fecal occult blood testing enhances the preoperative assessment of patients with rectal cancer. These findings suggest potential improvements in risk stratification and management of patients with rectal cancer.
Surgical approaches for complete rectal prolapse
Authors: Wu Long , Wu Huan , Mu Song , Li Xiao-Yun , Zhen Yun-Huan , Li Hai-Yang
Published: February 2025

Complete rectal prolapse, characterized by the protrusion of the rectal wall layers through the anal canal, poses significant treatment challenges, particularly due to controversies surrounding surgical approaches and the absence of a standardized assessment system. This study comprehensively reviews the main surgical techniques for complete rectal prolapse, categorized as transabdominal and transperineal/transanal procedures. Despite various techniques, challenges persist, including high recurrence rates and potential complications. Factors influencing the choice of the surgical approach include patient characteristics, symptomatology, and surgical expertise. With advances in medical technology, laparoscopic and robotic surgeries offer promising avenues, albeit with considerations of cost and accessibility. Ultimately, treatment plans tailored to the individual needs of the patient and surgical expertise are essential. Although controversies remain, the continued refinement of surgical techniques holds promise for improving outcomes in complete rectal prolapse surgery.
Rare large sigmoid hamartomatous polyp in an elderly patient with atypical Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report
Authors: Tian Zhe-Sen , Ma Xiao-Peng , Ruan Hong-Xun , Yang Yang , Zhao Ya-Lei
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Peutz-Jeghers (PJ) syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by the association of intestinal polyposis, mucosal skin pigmentation, and cancer susceptibility. PJS patients have a significantly increased risk of malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract and extra-gastrointestinal tract, including various epithelial malignant tumors (colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer, etc. ). PJS is commonly seen in children and adolescents with multiple small intestinal polyps, often causing intussusception.

CASE SUMMARY

A 62-year-old male presented with intermittent left lower abdominal pain after drinking or consuming cold beverages that was accompanied by occasional hematochezia. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography indicated an isolated sigmoid colon grape-like lesion. Subsequently, the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery, and the pathological diagnosis was PJ hamartomatous polyp. PJS was not considered at the initial visit, as the patient was older, and the facial pigmentation was not obvious. However, significant pigmentation was observed in the perineum during digital rectal examination. Interestingly, we observed that the patient exhibited nodular shadows in the adrenal glands computed tomography images that may be related to pigmentation. Therefore, we performed the determination of adrenal cortical hormones, but the results were not abnormal. Combined with skin and mucosal pigmentation and laboratory examinations, the patient was diagnosed with PJS. After laparoscopic sigmoid colon resection, the patient's symptoms improved, and no discomfort symptoms were reported in the later follow-up.

CONCLUSION

The age of onset and lesion location of this case are different from those of typical or isolated PJS patients.