bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Material selection for a new type of fire extinguisher
Authors: Lambert L. , De Waele W. , Van De Vijver G.
Published: July 2021

Nowadays safety is a hot topic, damage inflicted to human beings is intolerable. Fire safety is a big concernin industrial areas, but in residential areas a lot less precautions are in place. Therefore a new type of fireextinguisher should be developed that should encourage the installation of fire extinguishers in commercialenvironments and at home. The design of this fire extinguisher has to answer to a lot of demands. From alegal point of view, the extinguisher has to comply with the PED regulations and the EN 3 standard. Extrademands are, given the purpose, superb performance, great ergonomics and an attractive visual design.One of the steps in the design process is to make a material selection based on needed and desiredproperties of materials. Also the possible processes for manufacturing are an important parameter.
Failure behaviour of a tumble dryer
Authors: Droessaert S. , De Waele W. , De Groote W. , Delorge E.
Published: July 2021

A tumble dryer is a rotating heated vessel used to fulfil a poly-condensation process of PETgranules. This step is very crucial in the entire production process of polymer fibres. System failure, causingproduction loss, cannot be afforded. Unfortunately, since a couple of years, the reactors suffer from severecracking at weld details. To find the root cause(s) of this problem a detailed study of the vesselconstruction, the loads induced during the production process and the cracking has been performed.Hereby the influencing parameters and their importance could be determined. Based on this study it is putforward that fatigue, due to the exceptional translation of the granules in the vessel, is responsible for thecracking of the tumble dryer. Two main loading modes and corresponding crack locations could bedetermined: a cyclic changing torque causes the cracks on the outside of the vessel while the dynamic playof the moving granules around the heating elements is responsible for the cracks at the inside the tumbledryer. The root cause of the cracking problem has been determined but the actual mechanism causing thecracks, still needs to be quantified.
Kinderen met een Familiair Risico op Dyslexie in Groep 8
Authors: Van Setten Ellie R. H. , Hakvoort Britt E. , Van der Leij Aryan , Maassen Ben A. M.
Published: July 2021

In de huidige studie is onderzocht hoe (een familiair risico op) dyslexie zich manifesteert bij kinderen in groep 8 van het basisonderwijs met als doel een integraal beeld van deze leerstoornis te verkrijgen. Onderzocht werden de primaire woordleesstoornis, onderliggende deficiënties in fonologisch en orthografisch bewustzijn, automatiseren en visuele aandacht en eventuele secundaire problemen die niet direct onder de definitie van dyslexie vallen maar hier mogelijk wel mee geassocieerd zijn. Drie groepen kinderen namen deel aan het onderzoek; 85 kinderen met een hoog familiair risico op dyslexie, van wie 45 met dyslexie (HRDys) en 40 zonder dyslexie (HRnonDys), en 64 kinderen met een laag familiair risico zonder dyslexie (LRnonDys). Dit design maakte het mogelijk om te bepalen of de onderzochte factoren geassocieerd zijn met het familiair risico op dyslexie of alleen met de leesstoornis zelf. De resultaten laten zien dat de dyslectische groep in het algemeen lager scoort dan de twee niet-dyslectische groepen. Vooral bij de technische leestesten op woord- en zinsniveau en de testen die de onderliggende cognitieve vaardigheden meten, zijn de verschillen groot, maar ook op begrijpend lezen, woordenschat, rekenen en de CITO-eindtoets scoort de groep met dyslexie minder goed. De scores van de HRnonDys-groep zijn over het algemeen iets lager dan de scores van de LRnonDys-groep, maar de meeste van deze verschillen zijn niet significant. Er werd geen verschil tussen de groepen gevonden in het algehele welbevinden op school; wel zijn kinderen met dyslexie zich zeer bewust van hun lees- en spellingsproblemen en van het feit dat ze extra hulp nodig hebben. Daarnaast lezen kinderen met dyslexie minder vaak thuis en zijn relatief veel van deze kinderen blijven zitten. We concluderen dat de grootste verschillen in testuitslagen tussen groepen specifiek geassocieerd zijn met dyslexie, en niet enkel met het familiair risico op dyslexie.
COLONIALISMO PORTUGUÊS, LUSOTROPICALISMO, RACISMO E LUTAS ANTIRRACISTAS - ENTREVISTA COM MARTA ARAÚJO
Authors: Agra Figueiredo Otto Vinicius , Arruda Jalusa Silva de
Published: July 2021

Marta Araújo é doutora pela Universidade de Londres (IoE) e pesquisadora sênior do Centro de Estudos Sociais (CES), Universidade de Coimbra. Nesta entrevista inédita Marta Araújo abordou sua trajetória de investigadora dedicada aos temas relacionados ao racismo que, em certa medida, se encontra sobre como a questão adentrou as agendas de pesquisa em Portugal. Conhecedora do contexto brasileiro, Marta Araújo tratou da influência do pensamento de Gilberto Freyre e do lusotropicalismo na compreensão de intelectuais portugueses e da elite política portuguesa sobre as consequências do colonialismo e do que conhecemos no Brasil como ideologia da mestiçagem. Reflete aspectos de caráter metodológicos sobre o desenvolvimento e disseminação de pesquisas antirracistas e analisa criticamente a agenda de pesquisas sobre raça no contexto português, destacando a importância da articulação, da mobilização e autonomia política do movimento negro português no enfrentamento ao racismo.
Using Wearable Devices to Decrease Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Sedentary Individuals: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Sehgal Neil Jay , Reid Molly , Auerbach Andrew
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease risk increases with sedentary behavior. The availability of wearable devices continues to expand, and despite devices being marketed to improve physical activity among wearers, no comprehensive assessment exists to evaluate the ability of such devices to decrease sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease risk.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effect of interventions incorporating digital wearable devices on populations at increased risk of cardiovascular disease – those not meeting World Health Organization recommendations for physical activity.

METHODS

MEDLINE was searched (January 1995 to February 2016) for English-language peer-reviewed publications or systematic reviews evaluating the impact of interventions incorporating digital wearable devices among the physically inactive. Two investigators extracted data independently on study design, intervention, duration, eligibility criteria, and clinical outcomes. The research design of each study was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool.

RESULTS

Thirty-six studies met inclusion criterial, and of those 40 to 53% reported a significant positive intervention effect on physical activity on sedentary individuals. Of included studies, nine compared sedentary cohorts to more physically active groups. Five of these found that sedentary participants responded more favorably to interventions than more physically active participants.

CONCLUSIONS

For sedentary individuals at high-risk of cardiovascular disease, evidence suggests that interventions utilizing digital wearable health devices may improve physical activity, and in some cases sedentary individuals may benefit more than those previously physically active. Further study and application of such interventions to decrease cardiovascular disease risk is warranted.
Temporal Variations and Spatial Disparities in Public Sentiment Toward COVID-19 and Preventive Practices in the United States: Infodemiology Study of Tweets (Preprint)
Authors: Kahanek Alexander , Yu Xinchen , Hong Lingzi , Cleveland Ana , Philbrick Jodi
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

During the COVID-19 pandemic, US public health authorities and county, state, and federal governments recommended or ordered certain preventative practices, such as wearing masks, to reduce the spread of the disease. However, individuals had divergent reactions to these preventive practices.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to understand the variations in public sentiment toward COVID-19 and the recommended or ordered preventive practices from the temporal and spatial perspectives, as well as how the variations in public sentiment are related to geographical and socioeconomic factors.

METHODS

The authors leveraged machine learning methods to investigate public sentiment polarity in COVID-19–related tweets from January 21, 2020 to June 12, 2020. The study measured the temporal variations and spatial disparities in public sentiment toward both general COVID-19 topics and preventive practices in the United States.

RESULTS

In the temporal analysis, we found a 4-stage pattern from high negative sentiment in the initial stage to decreasing and low negative sentiment in the second and third stages, to the rebound and increase in negative sentiment in the last stage. We also identified that public sentiment to preventive practices was significantly different in urban and rural areas, while poverty rate and unemployment rate were positively associated with negative sentiment to COVID-19 issues.

CONCLUSIONS

The differences between public sentiment toward COVID-19 and the preventive practices imply that actions need to be taken to manage the initial and rebound stages in future pandemics. The urban and rural differences should be considered in terms of the communication strategies and decision making during a pandemic. This research also presents a framework to investigate time-sensitive public sentiment at the county and state levels, which could guide local and state governments and regional communities in making decisions and developing policies in crises.
Quebec Bill 96 - Time For a Primer on Amending the Constitution
Authors: Peach Ian
Published: July 2021

On May 13, 2021, the Government of Quebec introduced Bill 96, “An Act Respecting French, the Official and Common Language of Quebec” in the Quebec National Assembly.1 Bill 96 is a multi-faceted, and fairly sweeping, modernization of the Charter of the French Language, commonly known as Bill 101. It is primarily an attempt to use the power of the state to ensure that French is used more in Quebec, that more Quebecers are educated in French, and that anyone who wants to learn French has access to French lessons.2 As there is some evidence that French is being used less in Quebec than it has been in recent decades, the government wants to act to make French the “common language of Quebec,” as the Bill’s title suggests. While a number of the provisions of Bill 96 may violate the rights of the English-language minority in the province, which is a matter that should be of concern to all Canadians and the Government of Canada, I want to address another issue with the constitutionality of Bill 96.

1 Bill 96, An Act respecting French, the official and common language of Québec, 1st Sess, 42nd Leg, Québec, 2021 (first reading 13 May 2021), online:  [An Act Respecting French]. 2 Kate McKenna, “Quebec seeks to change Canadian Constitution, make sweeping changes to language laws with new bill”, CBC News (14 May
MODELLING OF FINANCIAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION FOR INCREASING THE SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE USING MARKOV CHAINS
Authors: Čech Martin , Lenort Radim
Published: July 2021

The concept of supply chain resilience has arisen in response to changing conditions in the global market environment. Although supply chain resilience building is gaining increasing interest among the professional public and business practice, supporting decision-making in supply chain resilience building is still in its infancy. This article aims to present a mathematical model of the supply chain based on Markov chains to assess the impact of funds allocated to strengthening the supply chain’s resilience to its overall performance and thus support decision-making in the field. Mathematical model assumptions are presented, then a mathematical model of a linear supply chain is developed and generalized, tested and methodological recommendations are presented. To support the use of the model, a set of managerial implications is presented, benefits and limitations are discussed, and further research direction is defined.
Empire and invention: the Elder Pliny's heurematology ("Nat." VII 191–215)
Authors: Mistrella Marco Romani
Published: July 2021

This paper focuses on the catalog of inventions and inventors that concludes book VII of Pliny the Elder’s Naturalis Historia (Nat. VII 191-215). While the list is certainly a fundamental source for the largely lost tradition of Greek invention-catalogs, the literary, rhetorical, and intellectual-historical importance of Pliny’s heurematography has, to date, rarely been appreciated for its own merits. I argue that, in spite of the seemingly irregular and heterogeneous character of the catalog, the underlying rhetorical strategy of Pliny’s heurematography allows the list to become a teleological narrative. As I argue, Pliny’s main goal is to show the Romans’ historical merit in unifying the whole Mediterranean world through the appropriation of its cultural and technological patrimony.
THE WORLD OF MULTIPLIES AS A MIRROR OF THE KEY WORLDVISION PARADIGMS
Authors: Vekshenov S. A
Published: July 2021

The article makes an attempt to comprehend the worldview paradigms based on the dialectic of the concepts “part” - “whole”, on the one hand, and “time” - “eternity,” on the other. These paradigms are realized in theological concepts, mathematical theories and social doctrines. It is the social embodiment of these paradigms that is most acute. Analyzing the world of sets and its broader context of Neoplatonism, one can formulate a hypothesis about deep collisions of the leading doctrine of modern society and possible ways of resolving these collisions.
METALOGIC: THE REVIVAL OF LOGIC
Authors: Bakhtiyarov K. I
Published: July 2021

As shown in the article, a single-level matrix of two-dimensional binarity represents 4 modes of time, 4 phases of genesis, 4 letters of the genetic code. The two-level matrix allows you to represent codons, 16 psychotypes, 16 tenses of the English verb, supergenesis. The three-level matrix gives triplets of the genetic code and a model of the conscious mind. For three universal paradigms of binarity, the logics of Boole, Lukasiewicz and metalogic were built, but the latter are still not used in computers. You need the CrossWord program instead of Word.
METAPHYSICS OF LANGUAGE AS A TEACHING ABOUT DEEP KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLD AND MAN
Authors: Maslova V. A
Published: July 2021

In linguistics, there are traditions coming from W. von Humboldt, to consider language not just as a system of signs or an instrument of cognition, but also as a spiritual entity. The article shows the importance of metaphysical teaching about language for revealing indepth knowledge about the world and man. The purpose of the article is to explore the deep and irrational aspects of the language that are almost inaccessible for rational comprehension, but they play a huge role in the formation of the spirituality of both an individual and the spiritual code of a nation. As a result, we were able to identify the fundamental deep connection of language with religion and metaphysics.
The Jihadi Current and the Lay Thinking: A “Re-Anchorage” Process Hypothesis
Authors: Ben Alaya Dorra
Published: July 2021

The Jihadi-salafist doctrine which is at the Islamist terrorism origin that affects several countries since the emergence of Al Qaeda in the late 80's, gave birth to the Islamic State of Iraq and Sham/Levant (ISIS/ISIL) established as a Caliphate in 2014. Despite the ISIS official military defeat in 2019, the Jihadi-Salafist current - whose history goes back a long way, is currently behind a number of attacks whether collective or individual, claimed by known organizations or committed in isolation. In our perspective, we try to apprehend the attraction power of the Jihadi narrative issue taking the Theory of Social Representations as a paradigmatic framework. This implies that we dont consider the Jihadi current membership as the manifestation of a deviation from normality or optimal rationality, but as the expression of a certain common sense resonance. More precisely, and taking the case of the Tunisian context, the success of the Jihadi narrative is explained by its effectiveness as an interpretive grid and as a guide for action, making it possible to re-anchor a reality lacking in meaning. This hypothesis of a re-anchoring implies that anchoring as described by Moscovici as one of the two processes at the origin of the social representations formation (with the objectification process), could be not only as a familiarization of the strange by inserting it in an already known pre-existing frame, but by substituting to the frame itself, a new one, in order to be able to insert familiar objects which would have lost their sense precisely because of the old frame itself. This hypothesis could offer a theoretical and heuristic perspective allowing the anchoring process to be conceived as a circular and non-definitive process.
United Nations Psychology Day 2021 Focused on Post-Pandemic Rebuilding
Authors: Sandanapitchai Priyadharshany , Takooshian Harold
Published: July 2021

In the wake of the unprecedented global COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020, the Psychology Coalition at the United Nations (PCUN) managed to continue to pursue its mission, to apply psychological science to global issues at the UN. This two-part report offers a concise overview of (a) recent PCUN activities in 2020-2021, and (b) the PCUNs 14th annual Psychology Day at the UN on April 15, 2021, which focused on Psychological Contributions to Building Back Better in a Post-Pandemic World.
Latin American regionalism and trade agreements with the European Union: experiences and approaches
Authors: Tayar Violetta M.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the issues of trade cooperation between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC). The characteristics of interregional trade are presented, and trade interaction between the EU and the subregional blocks of the LAC is analyzed. The author shows that Latin American regionalism predetermines the EU's approaches to trade and economic cooperation with LAC. Despite the fact that Latin American integration format differs from the European model, the EU countries manage to maintain trade and economic relations with subregional associations and particular Latin American countries, despite the growing competition in this region from the United States and China.
The impact of climate risks on Russia’s economic development: example of the North Caucasian Federal District
Authors: Lukyanets Artem S. , Bragin Alexey S.
Published: July 2021

This article presents an analysis of climate risks structure and effects on the Russian Federation's economic development. Despite the existed theoretical background, it is not clear about the leading risk factor, human adaptation to it, and the subsequent effect on the economy. This happens since some climate risks can be controlled; therefore, their impact on the regional economy is minimal. Thus, we are interested in the scope of certain climate risks affecting the Russian Federations economic situation. We have selected the North Caucasian Federal District because it is strongly susceptible to the most severe climate risks as droughts and floods. Considering the complexity of the climate risk formation process, we use mixed-methods. It allows identifying the quantitative component and analyzing the object in the framework of the existing theoretical background. During our research, we determined the cause of climate risk formation in the Russian Federation. With the collected empirical data for 2010-2013 regarding the level of drought, precipitation, and crop productivity, we have compared the region's economic situation with climate risks. It was determined that despite the clear manifestation of climate risks in the North Caucasian Federal District, the economic damage to the region is minimal due to the high level of the region's resistance to the existing threats and their localization. Nevertheless, guided by the theoretical and methodological basis of the topic under study and revised data on the migration loss of the region, we can assume that the North Caucasian FDs climate risks are expressed in the concept of climate migration, and this process has an increasing dynamic.
The asymptotic solution of a singularly perturbed Cauchy problem for Fokker-Planck equation
Authors: Bouatta Mohamed A. , Vasilyev Sergey A. , Vinitsky Sergey I.
Published: July 2021

The asymptotic method is a very attractive area of applied mathematics. There are many modern research directions which use a small parameter such as statistical mechanics, chemical reaction theory and so on. The application of the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) with a small parameter is the most popular because this equation is the parabolic partial differential equations and the solutions of FPE give the probability density function. In this paper we investigate the singularly perturbed Cauchy problem for symmetric linear system of parabolic partial differential equations with a small parameter. We assume that this system is the Tikhonov non-homogeneous system with constant coefficients. The paper aims to consider this Cauchy problem, apply the asymptotic method and construct expansions of the solutions in the form of two-type decomposition. This decomposition has regular and border-layer parts. The main result of this paper is a justification of an asymptotic expansion for the solutions of this Cauchy problem. Our method can be applied in a wide variety of cases for singularly perturbed Cauchy problems of Fokker-Planck equations.
Nanomaterials and Energy Storage in a Glance: a Review
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Abdallh Mustafa , Hussain Zainab ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Misan University, Misan, Iraq, Thamer Hamsa ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Abd Ali Ali ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Yousif Emad ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Mohammed Salam ,   Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
Published: July 2021

The challenge to provide a powerful instrument with a high energy conversion is of a great importance to our modern society, not only in terms of conversion but in high-capacity storage derived by the increase for energy demand. In addition, the environmental impact of these new technologies to create a green and sustainable environment. One of these green technologies is the use of dye-sensitized solar cells to produce energy and lithium-ion batteries to store the generated energy. The need for high electronic mobility and high surface volume and activity, nano metal oxide was investigated as alternative or a new material in generation and conversion of energy. For this purpose, many metal oxides were explored especially Zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium oxide (TiO2) due to their electronic characteristics.
Modular Irreducible Representations of the FpW4-Submodules ,()pFNof the Modules ,()pFMas Linear Codes, where W4is the Weyl Group of Type B4
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, F. N. Al-Jobory Jinan , B. Al-Zangana Emad ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Hassan Ali Faez ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: July 2021

The modular representations of the FpWn-Specht modules( , )KSas linear codes is given in our paper [6], and the modular irreducible representations of the FpW4-submodules( , )pFNof the Specht modules pFS ( , )as linear codes where W4is the Weyl group of type B4is given in our paper [5]. In this paper we are concerning of finding the linear codes of the representations of the irreducible FpW4-submodules( , )pFNof the FpW4-modules( , )pFMfor each pair of partitions( , )of a positive integer n4, where FpGF(p) is the Galois field (finite field) of order p, and pis a prime number greater than or equal to 3. We will find in this paper a generator matrix of a subspace((2,1),(1))()pU representing the irreducible FpW4-submodules((2,1),(1))pFNof the FpW4-modules((2,1),(1))pF Mand give the linear code of ((2,1),(1))()pU for each prime number p greater than or equal to 3. Then we will give the linear codes of all the subspaces( , )()pUfor all pair of partitions( , )of a positive integer n4, and for each prime number p greater than or equal to 3.We mention that some of the ideas of this work in this paper have been influenced by that of Adalbert Kerber and Axel Kohnert [13], even though that their paper is about the symmetric group and this paper is about the Weyl groups of type Bn
CHARACTERISATION OF HORDEUM VULGARE CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE F6 PROMOTER VIA TRANSGENE EXPRESSION IN RICE
Authors: Jamahari Azreena , Ling-Chie Wong , Xioalai Fan , Qiaoquan Liu , Sui Sien Leong , Abu Bakar Fauziah , Rajaee Amy Halimah , Jie Hung Patricia King , Roslan Hairul Azman , Sie Chuong Wong
Published: July 2021

Beta-glucan in cereal crops is known as a functional food, which can reduce cardiovascular diseases by lowering blood cholesterol levels. However, beta-glucan content is relatively low in rice grains, despite being relatively abundant in barley and oat grains. Taking advantage of rice as the staple food for Asians, increasing beta-glucan content in rice for their consumption may help to reduce cardiovascular-related diseases among them. Previous attempts in increasing beta-glucan content in rice via transgene expression of beta-glucan synthase genes from barley into rice were unsuccessful due to the use of non-tissue specific as well as constitutively expressing promoter. The current transgenic expression study was performed to characterise the promoter of beta-glucan synthase gene in barley using beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. Two fragments of HvCslF6 promoter (2771 bp and 1257 bp) were successfully fused with GUS reporter gene and integrated into rice plants, demonstrated that the promoter was functional in the heterologous plant system. The presence of blue GUS staining was observed on the leaf, root, stem, and grain of the transgenic rice regardless of the promoter length used and stayed functional up to the next generation. GUS qualitative analysis confirmed that the shorter promoter length generated a stronger GUS activity in comparison to the longer one. This indicated that the presence of repressor elements in between the -2771 bp and -1257 bp regions. The preliminary results shed light on the strong promoter activity in the rice endosperm tissue. It can become an alternative to the collection of plant promoters that can be used for grain quality improvement and biofortification.
Marmitas do curso médio do rio Potengi, Barcelona, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Costa Silas Samuel Dos Santos , Saraiva Junior João Correia , Pinto Yago Fernandes Lutz de Castro , Nascimento Marcos Antonio Leite do
Published: July 2021

No município de Barcelona, NE do Brasil, se destacam em diferentes formas geométricas e dimensões as marmitas, que ocorrem nos leitos rochosos do curso médio do rio Potengi. A necessidade de entender a contribuição dessas microformas para a evolução da paisagem fluvial motivou a proposição do trabalho. Sendo assim, objetiva-se caracterizar as marmitas conforme seus estágios evolutivos e relações de padrões geométricos, e ainda apresentar os serviços ecossistêmicos propiciados pelas marmitas como elementos da geodiversidade. A elaboração do trabalho contou com reunião da bibliografia sobre as marmitas no clima semiárido; esquematização dos parâmetros utilizados na classificação das microformas; e por fim, etapas de campo, sendo feitas medições de atitudes e dimensões dos eixos das marmitas, bem como das estruturas de fabric e fraturas do Plúton Granítico Barcelona (PGB) e litologias associadas. Posteriormente, os dados de campo foram usados para elaborar modelos de classificação e identificação dos valores como elemento da geodiversidade. Com base no range das razões de eixos das marmitas, foram propostas quatro tipologias: circular, subcircular, elíptica e multiforme. Ademais, podendo ser classificada com base na relação da sua disposição no substrato, em basal ou lateral. Inferiu-se uma afiliação entre geometria e fase de desenvolvimento, em menor dimensão tende a ser circular e mais desenvolvida passa a ser elíptica ou multiforme. As marmitas são partes essenciais na evolução geomorfológica fluvial, também são formas que armazenam recursos e são hábitat para formas de vida, e podem ser aproveitadas no lazer e geoturismo. Foi averiguado que, dos fatores controladores da evolução das marmitas, há uma preferência de crescimento coerente com as estruturas do PGB.
Análisis de la factibilidad técnica en la implementación de la metodología “Índices de Fragilidad Ambiental” de la Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental para el cantón de Siquirres, Provincia de Limón, Costa Rica, durante el año 2016
Authors: Méndez Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación analiza la factibilidad para la implementación de la metodología Índices de Fragilidad Ambiental (IFA), en su fase diagnóstica, a partir de la información disponible en las bases de datos del actual Plan Regulador específicamente, en el componente ambiental del cantón de Siquirres, provincia de Limón. Esta investigación se desarrolló mediante el uso de algoritmos de ponderación y sumatoria de los diferentes índices que componen las variables ambientales expuestas en la metodología de los IFA. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la factibilidad técnica de la información base disponible en el país para la aplicación de la metodología del Manual de Instrumentos Técnicos para los procesos de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental fiscalizados por el Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía de Costa Rica (MINAE), específicamente en la institución conocida como Secretaría Técnica Nacional Ambiental (SETENA), referente a la incorporar de la variable ambiental según el Decreto Ejecutivo 32967, con la finalidad de establecer las respectivas limitantes y potencialidades técnicas en el Ordenamiento Ambiental del Territorio, según su fragilidad ambiental a nivel cantonal.
Cryopreserved fragments of testicular seminiferous tubules of rats as a source of spermatogonial stem cells
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Сryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Volkova N. , Yukhta M. ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Сryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Sokil L. ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Сryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Chernyschenko L. ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Сryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Stepaniuk L. ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Сryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Goltsev A. ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Сryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2021

The use of modern technologies of cryopreservation of testicular tissue samples in prepubertal patients is one of the ways to maintain their fertility in the future. The purpose of the study was to investigate the proliferative potential, morphological characteristics and expression of specific markers of cell culture obtained from cryopreserved and vitrified fragments of seminiferous tubules (FSTs) of rats' testis. Materials and methods. The isolation of cells from native, cryopreserved and vitrified FSTs of immature rats was performed by incubation in a solution of collagenase type IV (1 mg/mL) + DNase (500 μg/mL). Cell viability was determined by Trypan blue staining. Monoclonal antibodies CD9-FITC, CD24-PE, CD45-FITC, CD90-FITC were used for immunophenotype analysis. Morphological characteristics, proliferative activity (MTT assay), relative number of cells positive for MAGE-B1 and vimentin were assessed in the obtained cultures. Results. The analysis of phenotypic characteristics showed that cells from native, cryopreserved and vitrified FSTs were characterized by high expression level of CD9 (≥ 40 %), CD24 (≥ 70 %), CD90 (≥ 70 %) and low expression of the CD45 (≤ 1 %). In cell culture in vitro, the studied cells from cryopreserved and vitrified rat's FSTs had the ability to adhere and proliferate while maintaining a cells population positive for MAGE-B1 and vimentin. Conclusions. The results can be the basis for the development of effective protocols for the cultivation and cryopreservation of testicular spermatogonial stem cells in order to restore fertility in men.
End of life care for frail older people; do we have a consensus guideline on deprescribing?
Authors: Poudel Arjun , Shrestha Shakti , Lukacisinova Anna , Nissen Lisa
Published: July 2021

Background: Deprescribing interventions have shown to improve medication
appropriateness in older people. However, the evidence on the actual
benefits and risks of deprescribing in older adults at the end of life
are limited. Due to the lack of evidence on the safety and efficacy of
medication in these populations, the most appropriate deprescribing
approach is unclear. We aimed to conduct a narrative review of research
on existing deprescribing guidelines targeted to frail older people at
the end of life. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed,
Embase, CINAHL and Google Scholar to identify studies from inception to
January 2021 on deprescribing guidelines/tools for frail older adults
near end-of-life or palliative situation or life-limiting illnesses or
limited life expectancy were included. Results: A total of nine studies
were included. The deprescribing guidelines used in these studies were
helpful to some extent in optimising medications in patients with
limited life expectancy and life-limiting illnesses. Some of them have
been tested in prospective studies that showed their usefulness in
minimising the number of potentially inapproapriate medications. These
studies however were not randomised and involved small sample sizes and
had little insight into the clinical outcomes of using these tools.
Conclusions: The existing tools and guidelines on deprescribing do not
represent the end of life care nor address the medication
appropriateness among individuals with a specific condition. An explicit
and rigorous consensus-based guideline needs to be developed and tested
in a well-designed clinical trial to measure clinically significant
outcomes
The state of vascular access teams: results of a European survey
Authors: Rey Noemí Cortés , Pinelli Fulvio , Loon Fredericus van , Caguioa Jennifer , Mozas Gema Munoz , Piriou Vincent , Teichgräber Ulf , Lepelletier Didier , Mussa Baudolino
Published: July 2021

Background: Many European health institutions have appointed
multidisciplinary teams for the general management of vascular access to
help improve efficiency, patient safety and reduce costs. Vascular
access teams (VATs), or infusion teams, are specifically trained groups
of healthcare professionals who assess, place, manage and monitor
various outcomes and aspects of vascular access care. Objective: To
assess the current landscape of vascular access management as a
discipline across Europe. Methods: A Faculty of European VAT leads and
experts developed a survey of 20 questions which was disseminated across
several European countries. Questions focused on respondent and
institution profile, vascular access device selection and placement,
monitoring and reporting of complications, and access to training and
education. The 1449 respondents included physicians, nurses,
anaesthetists, radiologists and surgeons from public and private
institutions ranging in size. Results: Availability of dedicated VATs
vary by country, institution size, and institution type. Institutions
with a VAT are more likely to utilise a tool (e.g., algorithm or
guideline) to determine the appropriate vascular access device (55% vs
38%, p < 0.0002) and to have feedback on systematic
monitoring of complications (40% vs 28%, p = 0.015). Respondents from
institutions with a VAT are more likely to have received training on
vascular access management (79% vs 53%, p < 0.0001) and
indicated that the VAT was a source of support when difficulties arise.
Conclusion: The survey results highlight some of the potential benefits
of implementing a dedicated VAT including use of a broader range of
vascular access devices, increased awareness of the presence of vascular
access policies, increased likelihood of recent vascular access
training, and increased rates of systematic monitoring of associated
complications. The study reveals potential areas for further focus in
the field of vascular access care, specifically examining the direct
impact of vascular access teams.
Plaster technique for filling up a future entry at the suture hole in type A aortic dissection
Authors: Ishida Shinichi , Mutsuga Masato , Fujita Takashi , Yagami Kei
Published: July 2021

Although the surgical technique for acute type A aortic dissection
markedly improved in the last decade, perioperative mortality and
morbidity rates remain dramatically high. Therefore, we introduce the
novel “plaster technique” using the single interrupted suture with a
felt and plastering the minimum dose of BioGlue® (Cryolife Inc.,
Kennesaw, GA, USA) into the suture hole in this report. We found that
the plaster technique using a felt pledget and minimum dose of BioGlue
is effective for fragile aortic walls, as in patients undergoing acute
aortic dissection and is a simple, safe, and durable technique to
strengthen the suture line.
Challenges and Limitations in the Studies of Glycoproteins: A Computational Chemist’s Perspective
Authors: Balli Oyku , Uversky Vladimir , Durdagi Serdar , Coskuner-Weber Orkid
Published: July 2021

Experimenters face challenges and limitations while analyzing
glycoproteins due to their high flexibility, stereochemistry,
anisotropic effects, and hydration phenomena. Computational studies
complement experiments and have been used in characterization of the
structural properties of glycoproteins. However, recent investigations
revealed that computational studies face significant challenges as well.
Here, we introduce and discuss some of these challenges and weaknesses
in the investigations of glycoproteins. We also present requirements of
future developments in computational biochemistry and computational
biology areas that could be necessary for providing more accurate
structural property analyses of glycopro-teins using computational
tools. Further theoretical strategies that need to be and can be
developed are discussed herein.
Agmatine reduces chlorpromazine prooxidant effects in rat hippocampus and striatum
Authors: Dejanovic Bratislav , Begovic-Kupresanin Vesna , Stevanovic Ivana , Lavrnja Irena , Sosic-Jurjevic Branka , Ninkovic Milica , Trifunovic Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The use of the antidepressant drug chlorpromazine (CPZ) is linked to the occurrence of oxidative stress in some brain structures. Thus, overcoming the side effects of CPZ is of great importance. Because agmatine (AGM) can act as a free radical scavenger, it is an interesting compound as an adjunct to CPZ therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the enzymatic parameters of oxidative stress in the hippocampus and striatum of rats after CPZ treatment, and the potential protective effects of AGM. Rats were injected as follows with (i) 1 mL/kg b.w. saline; (ii) a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of CPZ (38.7 mg/kg); (iii) CPZ (38.7 mg/kg) and AGM (75 mg/kg); (iv) AGM (75 mg/kg). CPZ induced an increase in superoxide anion radical (O2 ?-) concentration, while the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), were lowered in both the hippocampus and striatum. Cotreatment with CPZ and AGM protected the examined brain structures by reversing the antioxidant enzyme activities to the control values. Following CPZ treatment, the effects were more pronounced for SOD and GPx in the hippocampus, and for SOD, CAT and GPx in the striatum. The full effect of restored superoxide production was achieved in the striatum, which points to the role of CAT. The obtained results suggest that CPZ in combination with AGM may be considered as a new treatment strategy.
Validation of scales for measuring factors of teaching quality from the dynamic model of educational effectiveness
Authors: Bodroza Bojana , Teodorovic Jelena , Josic Smiljana
Published: July 2021

Large-scale educational effectiveness research requires valid student questionnaires to assess teaching practices. This research validated eight scales for measuring teaching factors from the Dynamic Model of Educational Effectiveness (DMEE). Parallel versions of scales for measuring teaching factors in mathematics and biology were constructed and validated in two studies. In the first study, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on data from 683 students. In the second study, the structure was cross-validated via a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA ) on a sample of 5,476 students. The multi-group CFA resulted in an acceptable metric invarience for all scales, indicating that the scales have comparable factor loadings. However, unsatisfactory scalar invariance suggested that the scales could not be used to compare teachers of different subjects. Testing alternative structural relations between the teaching factors did not confirm that the data fit the DMEE model adequately, although the fit parameters were better than for the alternative theoretical models. For mathematics, the external validation of the scales showed that the scales correlated with job satisfaction, external control, and teacher self-efficacy reported by the teachers. The scales are reliable and valid and could be applied to different school subjects.
Tecnología RFID al servicio de la logística
Authors: Medranda Rodríguez Solórzano Andrés
Published: July 2021

Con el proyecto “Tecnología RFID al servicio de la logística” se desarrolló un prototipo funcional para el control automático de mercancías, con el propósito de mejorar el proceso de aprendizaje y las competencias laborales de instructores y aprendices de las áreas de logística, mercado y teleinformática del Centro de Gestión de Mer­cados, Logística y Tecnologías de la Información (CGMLT), de la regional Distrito Capital.Para el desarrollo del proyecto, en un primer momento, se realizó un inventario para identifi­car con qué equipos de radiofrecuencia contaba el área de logística del CGMLT. Se recuperaron ocho antenas y dos transductores (lectores de RFID), RFID es una sigla que significa: identifi­cación automática por radiofrecuencia. Luego se realizó una verificación del estado de funcionamiento de cada uno de los elementos, y una vez terminada, se configuró una red punto a punto para determinar si las antenas de radiofrecuencia y los transductores se comunicaban con el com­putador central del proyecto, para, así, desarrollar el prototipo.Al estructurar el prototipo, se puso en mar­cha y se logró verificar que las antenas captaran la señal de los tag (etiquetas). Se comprobó su funcionamiento y se pasó a la interpretación de la lectura de la etiqueta para implementar la base de datos de los diferentes productos. En la ejecución de este proyecto participaron tres aprendices del programa Tecnólogo en Gestión de Redes Datos, permitiéndoles mejorar sus competencias y ampliar sus conocimientos en redes inalámbricas.
Profil multiple intelligences dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika
Authors: Handayaningsih Rohyatun , Nusantara Toto
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan profil multiple inteligences peserta didik pada pemecahan masalah matematika. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, subjek penelitian  sebanyak 32 peserta didik. Data dikumpulkan dengan angket, tes dan wawancara menggunakan instrumen angket, soal tertulis, dan pedoman wawancara. Analisis dilakukan dengan empat tahapan pemecahan masalah Polya yaitu: memahami (understanding the problem, devising the plan, carrying the plan, dan looking back. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) tipe verbal mampu menyelesaikan 3 tahap dari 4 tahapan Polya, (2) tipe matematis mampu dalam 3 tahap dari 4 tahap, (4) tipe visual mampu menyelesaikan 1 tahap dari 4 tahap, (5) tipe musik mampu menyelesaikan 2 dari 4 tahap, (6) tipe naturalis secara umum mampu menyelesaikan 2 dari 4 tahap, (6) tipe kinestetik mampu dalam 2 dari 4 tahap, (7) tipe interpersonal mampu dalam semua tahap, dan (8) tipe intrapersonal mampu menyelesaikan 2 dari 4 tahap.
Pengembangan e-modul android berbasis metakognisi sebagai media pembelajaran biologi kelas XII SMA/MA
Authors: Haka Nukhbatul Bidayati , Majid Emilya , Pahrudin Agus
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan e-modul android berbasis metakognisi serta menguji validitas, kepraktisan, dan efektivitasnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R & D) model pengembangan Borg and Gall yang disederhanakan menjadi tujuh tahap yaitu, studi pendahuluan, perencanaan penelitian, pengembangan desain, uji coba terbatas, revisi uji coba terbatas, uji coba skala luas, revisi hasil uji coba secara luas. Sampel penelitian ini didapatkan melalui teknik purposive sampling yaitu 10 pesera didik pada uji  coba skala terbatas dan 30 peserta didik pada uji coba skala luas. Uji kelayakan e-modul android menggunakan angket validasi ahli media, ahli bahasa, ahli materi, serta angket respon dari pendidik dan peserta didik. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif yang memaparkan hasil pengembangan produk E-modul Android Berbasis Metakognisi. Indikator metakognisi yaitu pengetahuan deklarasi, pengetahuan prosedural, dan pengetahuan kondisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan e-modul android berbasis metakognisi valid dan sangat layak, praktis, dan efektif dalam capaian metakognisi peserta didik sehingga dapat direkomendasikan dalam pembelajaran.
Keterampilan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa calon guru biologi pada konsep biota laut menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan melalui pembelajaran berbasis proyek
Authors: Jumrodah Jumrodah , Liliasari Liliasari , Adisendjaja Yusuf Hilmi , Sanjaya Yayan
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kreatif pada materi biota laut menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan melalui pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada mahasiswa calon guru biologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan one group pretest postest design. Subyek terdiri dari 31 mahasiswa yang memprogramkan mata kuliah ekologi laut pada semester 5 di salah satu universitas Kalimantan Tengah. Instrument tes yang digunakan berupa soal test pilihan ganda (PG) beralasan dan soal test uraian. Kegiatan pembelajaran dilaksanakan empat tahap yaitu (1) mahasiswa diminta untuk mendesain proyek yang dilakukan, (2) mempresentasikan teori dan rancangan terkait proyek yang akan dilakukan, (3) melakukan implementasi proyek yang sudah dirancang dan pengamatannya, (4) melaporkan hasil implementasi proyek sekaligus mengevaluasi untuk kegaiatan proyek selanjtnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa setiap indikator keterampilan berpikir kreatif yang diamati yaitu flexibility, originality dan elaboration menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara pretes dan postest. Hasil ini dapat dikatakan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada konsep biota laut menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif.