bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal on Local Guinea Fowl Breeder Hens Performance, Egg Quality, and Blood Parameters
Authors: Komi Atitso Patrik Nukunu , N'nanle Oumbortime , Voemesse Kokou , Lare Lamboni , Attivi Komi , Tete-Benissan Kafui Amivi
Published: April 2024

Breeding local guinea fowl has the potential to address protein malnutrition and alleviate poverty in West African countries. The current study aimed to examine the effects of incorporating Moringa oleifera leaf meal into the diet on hematology and biochemical parameters as well as the productive performance of local guinea fowl breeders in Togo. Thus, 512 local guinea fowls (22 weeks of age with an average weight of 1176.7 ± 2.9 g), comprising 384 females and 128 males, were examined for 31 weeks. The fowls were randomly assigned to four dietary groups, namely M0, M1, M2, and M3 containing 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of Moringa oleifera leaf meal in diets, respectively. Each group had 4 replicates of 32 fowls. During the study, feed intake, body weight, egg-laying rate, and feed conversion ratio were weekly recorded. Blood samples for hematology and biochemical analysis were taken from 12 females (3/replicate) at 34 and 50 weeks of age. Eggs were collected for the quality evaluation. Results showed that feed intake was comparable across all groups during the rearing period (23 to 33 weeks of age). However, it significantly decreased in fowls of the M2 and M3 during the laying period (34 to 50 weeks of age). The live weight of fowls in M3 was significantly higher than other groups before the laying period. The egg production, yolk ratio, and shell ratio of the birds in the M1 were like that of M0 and higher than that of M2 and M3. The feed conversion ratio was not significantly different between groups during the laying period. However, the albumen ratio and haugh unit were improved by feeding Moringa leaves especially at level 1.5%. The level of white blood cells and lymphocytes decreased by feeding the Moringa leaves at 1%. Neutrophils and platelet levels were comparable across groups. Total proteins, albumin, and transaminases increased in Moringa groups (M1, M2, M3), especially in M3. It was concluded that the use of Moringa oleifera leaves at 0.5% improved egg-laying performance in local guinea fowl. Moreover, 1% and 1.5% of incorporation improved the quality of eggs.
Keywords: Blood parameter, Breeder, Guinea fowl, Egg quality, Moringa oleifera
Abolition Economics
Authors: Reyes Jessica , Reyes René
Published: April 2024

Over the past several decades, Law & Economics has established itself as one of the most well-known branches of interdisciplinary legal scholarship. The tools of L&E have been applied to a wide range of legal issues and have even been brought to bear on Critical Race Theory in an attempt to address some of CRT’s perceived shortcomings. This Article seeks to reverse this dynamic of influence by applying CRT and related critical perspectives to the field of economics. We call our approach Abolition Economics. By embracing the abolitionist ethos of “dismantle, change, and build,” we seek to break strict disciplinary habits of modelling and identification, destabilize value systems implicit in mainstream economics, model society more fully as made up of interconnected humans, and develop a richer and more realistic understanding of racialized economic inequality, hierarchy, and oppression. We argue that, contrary to accepted disciplinary conventions, such an endeavor does not introduce new (inappropriate) ideological content into (objective) economics; rather, this endeavor is necessary to fully reveal the ideological content already embedded in mainstream economics as it is currently practiced, and the consequences of that embedding in supporting the functioning of systems of racial capitalism and racial injustice. We believe that imagining the possibility of a different economics—an Abolition Economics—can be an act not only of resistance but, crucially, of freedom-making.
Revising the Indian Plenary Power Doctrine
Authors: Ishtani M. , Fay Alexandra
Published: April 2024

The federal Indian law doctrine of Congressional plenary power is long overdue for an overhaul. Since its troubling nineteenth-century origins in Kagama v. United States (1886), plenary power has justified invasive Congressional interventions and undermined Tribal sovereignty. The doctrine's legal basis remains a constitutional conundrum. This Article considers the Court's recent engagement with plenary power in Haaland v. Brackeen (2023). It argues that the Brackeen opinions may signal judicial readiness to reevaluate the doctrine. The Article takes ahold of Justice Gorsuch's critical assessment and runs with it, ultimately proposing a method for cleaning up this destructive and constitutionally dubious line of caselaw.
Values in the Discourse of Generation Y (Based on Stand-up Performances)
Authors: Rogozhnikova T.P. , Borodikhina A.S.
Published: April 2024

The present article is carried out in the context of the modern communicative-discursive paradigm and is devoted to the identification and description of the value and attitudinal characteristics of the representatives of generation Y in relation to the Russian reality. The object of the study is the corpus of texts in the genre of stand-up performances of famous Russian performers of the age category from 26 to 33 years old, the subject is the axiosphere of the authors of the performance, as well as the system of factors influencing the ways of expressing value attitudes (socio-cultural background, the theme of concerts, the phenomenon of “black humour”).
Formal and Functional Peculiarities of Wole Soyinka’s Early Poetry Style in the Aspect of Translatology (Based on the Poem “Telephone Conversation”)
Authors: Yakovlev A.I.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a stylistic analysis of Wole Soyinka’s early poem “Telephone Conversation”. The presented analysis allows to discover the most peculiar features of W. Soyinka’s idiostyle. The poem, the cultural affiliation of which presents obvious difficulties for the translator, has been published twice in Russian. The article provides a comparative analysis of the original text and its translations; as a result of the analysis, the means of expressiveness and tropes are revealed, which allow to convey formal and functional features of the poetic text in translation into Russian.
Characteristics of Criteria and Indicators of Training Efficiency of a Network Communicative Culture and Digital Etiquette of Educators and Students in Higher Education Institution
Authors: Abdigapbarova U.M. , Syzdykbayeva A.D. , Baikulova A.M.
Published: April 2024

The article considers the criteria of formation of components of network communicative culture and digital etiquette of university lecturers and students (motivational-target, theoretical-informational, operational-activity, analytical-reflexive). The formation of the above components contributes to the formation of network communicative culture and strengthening of digital etiquette in the integral pedagogical process, improving the quality of professional training and adapting the educational process to modern digital requirements. The results of diagnostics of the formation of these components of network communicative culture and digital etiquette among teachers and students of higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan are presented.
Education of Foreign Cadets in Russian Military Universities: Pedagogical Ways of Forming Attitudes Towards the Russian Federation
Authors: Verebeev T.N.
Published: April 2024

The policy of attracting students from other countries to study in the Russian Federation stimulates scientific research into the problems of training, education and development of foreign cadets studying at military universities. One of these problems is the scientific development of approaches to organizing educational work with them. It is proposed to choose their stable positive attitude towards the Russian Federation as the goal of educational work with foreign cadets. The means of education is the Russian military society, with which the foreign cadet comes into contact during training. The models and norms of professional behaviour adopted in the Russian military society are based on the value attitude of Russian military personnel to their Homeland. The author proposes a mechanism for internalizing relations, and also characterizes the pedagogical ways of forming a positive attitude towards the Russian Federation among foreign cadets in the educational process of a Russian military university.
Organization of Senior Pupils’ Educational Activity While Preparing for the Unified State Examination Based on the Implementation of the Project Method
Authors: Tereshchenko U.A.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the issue of preparing senior pupils for the Unified State Examination in English based on the implementation of the project method. The author determines how to gradually organize the senior pupils’ educational activity in preparation for the Unified State Examination based on the implementation of the project task of the educational situation of Unit 1 of the textbook “Rainbow English” for 10th grade by O. V. Afanasyeva, I. V. Mikheeva, K. M. Baranova using time-management techniques. The article reveals the content of the orientation-targeted, organizational, content-activity, reflexive-evaluating stages of preparation for the Unified State Examination based on the implementation of the project method with the use of time-management techniques.
Local Identity in Urban Development: Cultural Tools for Categorizing Meaning
Authors: Gornova G.V. , Voronin D.V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a statement of the problem of “spatial binding” of the values of urban identity, which is important not only for research into the theoretical aspects of identity, but also for the applied use of social and humanitarian knowledge in urban development projects. The purpose of the study is to select cultural tools to solve the problem. As a working definition, it is proposed to use the term “marker of identity”, and also turn to the classical spatial concepts of cultural studies — loci, toposes and chronotope.
Spirituality and (or) Identity: Analysis of Methodological Approaches
Authors: Dovgalenko N.V.
Published: April 2024

The modern context of culture, on the one hand, avoids the concept of “spirituality”, defining a religious “land” for it. On the other hand, it feels a clear need for it, due to the fact that identity does not cover the entire essence of anthropological issues. The article is devoted to the consideration of the unified methodological foundations of spirituality and identity in the genetic, constructivist approach, which takes the place of the metaphysical one and reveals the conditions, practices, techniques of creation, reproduction of the human (human nature). Initially, they arise and are determined by Christian thought through the theological theme of hypostasis, turning a person to the work of searching for freedom, “spiritual warfare” for his own self. The methodological transformation from “creo” to “cogito” involves a person in modeling himself, opening the theme of psychological, social, professional and other identities tending to infinity.
Classical Subject of the Modern Era and Explication of the Mechanisms of Tradition
Authors: Samarin A.S.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a study of the mechanisms of the existence of tradition in the unity and mutual conditionality of the three modes, which is carried out in the context of the model of the subject, formed in the philosophy of the Modern Era.
Semantic, Communicative and Pragmatic Range of the Discourse Marker Sabes in Spanish-Language Fictional Discourse
Authors: Kuptsov A.Ye.
Published: April 2024

The article concentrates on the analysis of the semantic and communicative and pragmatic range of the discourse marker sabes in Spanish-language fictional discourse. The goal of the paper is to study the communicative and pragmatic functions of the discourse marker sabes in fictional discourse. The objective of the paper is to identify the functional range of the discourse marker sabes and to study the nature of the influence of the discourse marker under study as a linguistic means of information representation on the communicative purpose of the utterance in fictional discourse.
On the Verbalization of the Linguocultural Concept of “Kinship” in Official Business Discourse
Authors: Marfina Zh.V.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the implementation of verbal representations of the linguocultural concept of “Kinship” as a component of the mental field of kinship. Based on the material of texts presenting official business discourse, the main verbal representatives of the mental formation under study are identified — these are the nominations kinship, relatives, close relatives, which receive an obvious terminological clarification from the position of the current field of communication.
Translation Diversification as an Interpretive Format of Text Transcoding (Based on E. Wharton’s “The Age of Innocence” and Its 4 Translations into Russian)
Authors: Nevalenaya E.V.
Published: April 2024

This article discusses translation diversification as a process in which two or more translations of literary work are created. The result of this process is translation diversivity — a phenomenon that represents variability/invariance in the translation of the original unit. The author’s typologies of translation diversification and translation diversivity are proposed, allowing to identify translation transformations, to determine the translation potential of the unit of the original text.
Specificity of Science in Traditional Society
Authors: Andreev A.A.
Published: April 2024

The article provides philosophical analysis of socio-cultural and value-worldview bases of science in traditional society. It is revealed that being in the context of traditional society, science does not receive full development necessary for cognition of the surrounding world. It is shown that traditional society does not provide the development of science as an independent social institution for many reasons, which are contained in the socio-economic, cultural and spiritual state of traditional society. It is substantiated that science in traditional society acts in the role of practical and everyday knowledge and turns out to be unable to overcome the empirical level of cognition. New socio-cultural and spiritual conditions, qualitatively different from those that existed in traditional society, were necessary for the full-fledged development of science. The study of science in the context of traditional society helps to reveal its essence and specificity at this historical stage of development.
The Impact and mitigation of Climate Change on the building performance of nonresidential buildings: Case studies of typical UK supermarkets
Authors:   , Hasan Agha Usama
Published: April 2024

The UK Government's Climate Change Act (CCA) aims to achieve a net zero greenhouse gas emission by 2050. Supermarkets, being among the most energy-intensive non-residential buildings, play a pivotal role in this endeavour. This research delves into the influence of climate change on supermarket buildings, exploring methodologies to mitigate its impact and assessing its effects on operational energy and carbon emissions. The United Nations has emphasized the built environment's significant contribution to global CO2 emissions, necessitating urgent action. Using a quantitative approach, this study employs the TAS – EDSL software to simulate energy consumption, carbon emission, and building regulations for various supermarket case studies. The research also evaluates the performance of these buildings across different UK climates and emission scenarios, incorporating EU Zebra2020 tool metrics. The primary challenge encountered was the scarcity of literature specifically targeting the UK supermarket industry in the context of climate change. The research underscores the importance of balancing energy consumption, carbon emissions, and future climate adaptations, especially given the industry's nZEB target by 2050. The findings of this study serve as a beacon for all non-residential buildings, bridging the knowledge gap between climate change, building futureproofing, and emission reduction strategies. The research underscores the importance of long-term planning, continuous monitoring of energy-intensive buildings, and the holistic approach of reducing emissions across a building's lifespan. This research aims to guide policymakers and building designers in future-proofing structures, emphasizing the need for energy-efficient measures and the integration of renewable technologies. The overarching goal is to foster the creation of sustainable, climate-resilient buildings for future generations.
TRANSICIÓN JUSTA: TENSIONES DE UN CONCEPTO EN DISPUTA
Authors: Pucheta Mauro , Alvarez Alonso César , Cisterna Gaete Pedro
Published: April 2024

El concepto de transición justa ha evolucionado desde sus orígenes en los que el énfasis recaía sobre la protección laboral, hasta la actualidad, en la que la preocupación por el respeto al medio ambiente se incluye como parte inexorable de su dimensión conceptual. Sin embargo, la dimensión laboral se ha de recuperar para enfrentar la problemática que la transición ecológica presenta respecto del cierre de las instalaciones de producción de energía con base en combustibles fósiles. En el artículo se analiza la citada evolución desde la perspectiva del derecho internacional climático y la energía, para luego explorar el contenido de la transición justa en el mundo del trabajo. Luego, se presenta un ejemplo práctico de técnica legislativa innovadora, la de los nudos de transición justa. A través de ellos, se posibilita una simbiosis entre la esfera laboral y la medioambiental, haciendo que los trabajadores en situación de vulnerabilidad como consecuencia de los cierres de las centrales recuperen el protagonismo. Se concluye que, si bien la noción de transición justa debe expandirse, ello no debe hacerse en detrimento del mundo del trabajo.
IMAGINAR TRANSICIONES JUSTAS EN TORNO AL AGUA Y AL FUTURO: DOS EXPERIENCIAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN-ACCIÓN Y APRENDIZAJE-SERVICIO EN GIPUZKOA Y AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Sacco Gabriela , Zilbeti Maider , Martínez Tavera Estefanía , Zugaza Uxue , Justo Augusto , Casado da Rocha Antonio
Published: April 2024

Este artículo describe, por un lado, una investigación de la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) que se propone facilitar espacios de conexión entre la administración pública, la universidad pública y la ciudadanía de Gipuzkoa, un territorio de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco, con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre los retos del futuro a corto-medio plazo. Y por el otro, describe la creación de un Diplomado Internacional en Gobernanza, Regulación y Gestión Integrada del Agua con el objetivo de fortalecer las capacidades de agentes de cambio que pudieran incidir en las agendas de la gobernanza y la regulación del agua en América Latina a través de la propuesta de soluciones a problemas complejos. Partiendo de realidades muy heterogéneas pero con el objetivo de que la ciudadanía desarrolle capacidades para pensar colectivamente en escenarios futuros plausibles, deseables y accionables, sostenemos que estos futuros solamente serán posibles en el marco de una transición justa, entendida como aquella que tiene como objetivo el bien común y como marco de relaciones una gobernanza colaborativa y anticipatoria.
¿QUÉ PAPEL JUEGA EL SECTOR PRIVADO EN UNA TRANSICIÓN ENERGÉTICA JUSTA?
Authors: Basterra Nerea , Alba Miguel , Bardolet María
Published: April 2024

No podemos hablar de una transición energética justa sin incorporar desde su diseño el análisis de las desigualdades preexistentes para asegurar que las políticas públicas e intervenciones privadas incorporan objetivos climáticos, económicos y sociales al mismo nivel. El sector privado, y especialmente las grandes corporaciones transnacionales, tienen una responsabilidad ineludible a la hora de impulsar estos cambios tanto desde un punto de vista puramente climático como social y económico. Para que esto sea posible, los gobiernos y otras instituciones reguladoras tienen la responsabilidad de poner en marcha políticas orientadas a facilitar y agilizar la transición y garantizar el cumplimiento de los derechos humanos de todas
las personas durante el proceso y en el escenario de llegada. También las empresas deben incorporar en sus planes de acción climática algunos elementos clave revisando sus procesos de negocio y desarrollando planes orientados a garantizar los medios de vida de las comunidades afectadas, asegurar procesos de debida diligencia en materia de derechos humanos, garantizando el pago de salarios dignos a la totalidad de
su plantilla y eliminando las brechas salariales entre colectivos marginalizados y asegurando que pagan los impuestos que les corresponden allí donde les corresponde hacerlo, pilar fundamental financiar la transición.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklara Yaya Becerilerinin Öğretiminde Video Modelle Öğretimin Etkililiği
Authors: Kaya Feyat , Ergenekon Yasemin
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuklara yaya becerilerinden yaya trafik ışıklarını kullanarak karşıdan karşıya geçme becerisinin öğretilmesinde video modelle öğretimin etkililiği ve anne-babaların bu becerinin video modelle öğretimine ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada OSB olan çocuklara video modelle öğretim kullanılarak yaya becerilerinin öğretiminin etkililiğinin incelenmesi için tek-denekli araştırma modellerinden katılımcılar arası yoklama evreli çoklu yoklama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya OSB olan ve yaşları 8-9 arasında değişen üç erkek çocuk katılmıştır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni yaya trafik ışığını kullanarak güvenli bir şekilde caddede karşıdan karşıya geçme becerisi, bağımsız değişkeni ise video modelle öğretim uygulamasıdır. Araştırma bulguları, video modelle öğretim uygulamasının OSB olan çocuklara yaya trafik ışıklarını kullanarak karşıdan karşıya geçme becerisinin öğretiminde etkili olduğunu, çocukların öğrenmiş oldukları beceriyi öğretim oturumları bittikten üç ve beş gün sonra da koruduklarını ve gerçek ortama genelleyebildiklerini göstermiştir. Araştırmaya katılan çocukların annelerinden elde edilen sosyal geçerlik bulgularının olumlu olduğu görülmüştür.
Data science techniques to gain novel insights into quality of care: a scoping review of long-term care for older adults
Authors: Hendriks Ard , Hacking Coen , Verbeek Hilde , Aarts Sil
Published: April 2024

Background: The increase in powerful computers and technological devices as well as new forms of data analysis such as machine learning have resulted in the widespread availability of data science in healthcare. However, its role in organizations providing long-term care (LTC) for older people LTC for older adults has yet to be systematically synthesized. This analysis provides a state-of-the-art overview of 1) data science techniques that are used with data accumulated in LTC and for what specific purposes and, 2) the results of these techniques in researching the study objectives at hand.
Methods: A scoping review based on guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute. PubMed and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched using keywords related to data science techniques and LTC. The screening and selection process was carried out by two authors and was not limited by any research design or publication date. A narrative synthesis was conducted based on the two aims.
Results: The search strategy yielded 1,488 studies: 27 studies were included of which the majority were conducted in the US and in a nursing home setting. Text-mining/natural language processing (NLP) and support vector machines (SVMs) were the most deployed methods; accuracy was the most used metric. These techniques were primarily utilized for researching specific adverse outcomes including the identification of risk factors for falls and the prediction of frailty. All studies concluded that these techniques are valuable for their specific purposes.
Discussion: This review reveals the limited use of data science techniques on data accumulated in or by LTC facilities. The low number of included articles in this review indicate the need for strategies aimed at the effective utilization of data with data science techniques and evidence of their practical benefits. There is a need for a wider adoption of these techniques in order to exploit data to their full potential and, consequently, improve the quality of care in LTC by making data-informed decisions.
First outcomes of a therapeutic platform for drug resistant epilepsy based on transcutaneous electrical vagus nerve stimulation
Authors: Gonzalez-Fernandez Rene Ivan , Rio-Vazquez Vicente , Perez-Blanco Jorge German , Velarde-Reyes Ernesto , Portela-Hernandez Liana , Santos-Santos Aisel , Gutierrez-Gil Joel , Hernandez-Caceres Jose Luis
Published: April 2024

Aim: The aim of this paper is to discuss the main features and first outcomes of a therapeutic platform proposed to implement a public health therapeutic service for patients suffering refractory epilepsy.
Methods: The proposal is a three-layer system composed by a new portable therapy device and two software applications. The therapy is transcutaneous electrical vagus nerve stimulation, known as tVNS. The primary layer is composed of tVNS devices, configured for each patient according to the instructions provided by the specialists. The middle layer is named “hospital data collector” (HDC), its main tasks are the patient enrollment, the device setup, and the database maintenance to store therapeutic parameters and session events together with the information cited previously. Each hospital center runs a HDC that is connected to a cloud application named “system cloud application (SCA)” which concentrates all the data supplied by the HDCs. Artificial intelligence methods are integrated in the SCA to predict the treatment effectiveness for every new patient based on the accumulated knowledge from the enrolled previously.
Results: A version of the proposed system is running at the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. The sensitivity of the therapeutic device with the proposed treatment protocol reaches 83.33% in the 18-patient pilot trial carried out.
Conclusions: The proposed approach seems a useful therapeutic tool based on the pilot trial outcomes. The developed device is comfortable and suitable for the intended use. The proposed system has created the essential conditions to feed and grow a knowledge, a basic element to predict the treatment effectiveness for each new patient. It is a promising option for a refractory epilepsy therapy service.
Assessing Impacts of University Autonomy Policies on Universities’ Competitiveness in Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Anh , Trang Nguyen Ngoc
Published: April 2024

This research aims to assess the impacts of factors in university autonomy policies on universities’ competitiveness in Vietnam. It has been revealed that since university autonomy policies were implemented, universities have paid greater attention to the formation and improvement of their competitiveness, targeting sustainable and stable development. The survey related to Vietnam’s universities’ competitiveness was administered to 486 individuals. Through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), five factors affecting institutions’ competitiveness were identified, including Academic and training autonomy, Financial autonomy, Organization and staffing autonomy, International cooperation autonomy, and Quality assurance autonomy. Hypothesis testing and regression analysis showed that institutions granted great autonomy tend to focus more on forming and improving their competitiveness, and financial autonomy is the factor with the biggest impact on their competitiveness. As a result, from the authors’ perspective, it is crucial that the Ministry of Education and Training quickly accelerate autonomy delegation, and each university invests more time and effort in forming and improving their competitiveness based on the level of autonomy granted.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis: Patterns and management
Authors: Lin Jing , Lin Zhong-Qiao , Zheng Shi-Cheng , Chen Yu
Published: April 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various tumors. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are defined as adverse effects resulting from ICI treatment. Gastrointestinal irAEs are a common type of irAEs characterized by intestinal side effects, such as diarrhea and colitis, which may lead to the cessation of ICIs. Although irAE gastritis is rarely reported, it may lead to serious complications such as gastrorrhagia. Furthermore, irAE gastritis is often difficult to identify early due to its diverse symptoms. Although steroid hormones and immunosuppressants are commonly used to reverse irAEs, the best regimen and dosage for irAE gastritis remains uncertain. In addition, the risk of recurrence of irAE gastritis after the reuse of ICIs should be considered. In this editorial, strategies such as early identification, pathological diagnosis, management interventions, and immunotherapy rechallenge are discussed to enable clinicians to better manage irAE gastritis and improve the prognosis of these patients.
Bowel function and inflammation: Is motility the other side of the coin?
Authors: Panarese Alba
Published: April 2024

Digestion and intestinal absorption allow the body to sustain itself and are the emblematic functions of the bowel. On the flip side, functions also arise from its role as an interface with the environment. Indeed, the gut houses microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which interact with the host, and is the site of complex immune activities. Its role in human pathology is complex and scientific evidence is progressively elucidating the functions of the gut, especially regarding the pathogenesis of chronic intestinal diseases and inflammatory conditions affecting various organs and systems. This editorial aims to highlight and relate the factors involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic inflammation.
Omics-based biomarkers as useful tools in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease clinical practice: How far are we?
Authors: Trinks Julieta , Mascardi María F , Gadano Adrián , Marciano Sebastián
Published: April 2024

Unmet needs exist in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) risk stratification. Our ability to identify patients with MASLD with advanced fibrosis and at higher risk for adverse outcomes is still limited. Incorporating novel biomarkers could represent a meaningful improvement to current risk predictors. With this aim, omics technologies have revolutionized the process of MASLD biomarker discovery over the past decades. While the research in this field is thriving, much of the publication has been haphazard, often using single-omics data and specimen sets of convenience, with many identified candidate biomarkers but lacking clinical validation and utility. If we incorporate these biomarkers to direct patients’ management, it should be considered that the roadmap for translating a newly discovered omics-based signature to an actual, analytically valid test useful in MASLD clinical practice is rigorous and, therefore, not easily accomplished. This article presents an overview of this area’s current state, the conceivable opportunities and challenges of omics-based laboratory diagnostics, and a roadmap for improving MASLD biomarker research.
RELATIONSHIP OF NECESSARY DEFENSE AND OTHER CIRCUMSTANCES EXCLUDING THE CRIMINALITY OF THE ACT
Authors: Грушин Ф.В. , Теренков И.Е.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена изучению обстоятельств, исключающих преступность деяния и наказуемость за их совершение. Данные обстоятельства включены законодателем в перечень гл. 8 Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации и по внешним признакам схожи с преступными деяниями, но на самом деле таковыми не являются. Анализируется соотношение необходимой обороны с такими обстоятельствами, содержащимся в вышеуказанной главе, как задержание лица, совершившего преступление, крайняя необходимость, физическое или психическое принуждение, обоснованный риск, исполнение приказа или распоряжения. Данный анализ направлен на выявление существенных сходств и различий по определенным параметрам. Рассматриваются ситуации, связанные с причинением вреда при превышении пределов необходимой обороны и привлечения лица, допустившего такое превышение, к уголовной ответственности. При этом авторы акцентируют внимание на том аспекте, что уголовная ответственность предусмотрена только за причинение вреда с умышленной формой вины, поэтому за неосторожную форму вины в случае необходимой обороны уголовная ответственность исключена. В заключение сделан вывод о том, что система обстоятельств, исключающих преступность деяния, является действенным механизмом, дающим возможность лицам, оказавшимся участниками предварительного расследования, защищать свои права и интересы, опираясь на нормы действующего уголовного законодательства.

The article pays special attention to the circumstances excluding the criminality of the act and the punishability for their commission. These circumstances are included by the legislator in the list of Chapter 8 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and are similar in appearance to criminal acts, but in fact they are not. The relationship of necessary defense with such circumstances contained in the above chapter as the detention of a person who committed a crime, extreme necessity, physical or mental coercion, reasonable risk, execution of an order or instruction is analyzed. This analysis is aimed at identifying significant similarities and differences in certain parameters. An analysis of situations related to causing harm when the limits of necessary defense were exceeded and the person who committed such an excess was brought to criminal liability. At the same time, the authors focus on the aspect that criminal liability is provided only for causing harm with an intentional form of guilt, therefore, for a careless form of guilt in the case of necessary defense, criminal liability is excluded. In conclusion, it was concluded that the system of circumstances excluding the criminality of an act is an effective mechanism that enables persons who are participants in the preliminary investigation to protect their rights and interests, relying on the norms of the current criminal legislation.
THE CATEGORY OF «INSIGNIFICANCE OF THE ACT» IN RUSSIAN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Терещенко А.И.
Published: April 2024

В статье анализируется малозначительность деяния – одна из сложнейших категорий уголовного права. Отмечается, что трудности ее применения обусловлены оценочностью понятия малозначительности, недостаточной четкостью прописанных в уголовном законе критериев. Констатируется наличие большого количества ошибок, допускаемых правоприменителем, который либо не видит в том или ином деянии признаков малозначительности, либо, напротив, неоправданно приписывает ему их. Критическому анализу подвергаются законодательно установленные критерии малозначительности. Высказывается суждение о необходимости использования правоприменителями, решающими подпадает то или иное деяние в категорию малозначительного, наряду с законодательными критериями и те, что предлагаются высшей судебной инстанцией страны и доктриной. Устанавливается необходимость учета совокупности объективных и субъективных признаков малозначительности деяния, без оглядки на признаки субъекта, поскольку малозначительность – это характеристика, относящаяся к деянию, а не к личности его совершившего. Констатируется, что в основу оценки деяния на соответствие его признакам малозначительности должна быть положена не недостаточная типовая, а недостаточная индивидуальная общественная опасность. Результатом теоретического исследования стали предложения о внесении изменений в ч. 2 ст. 14 УК РФ, призванные способствовать совершенствованию регламентации категории «малозначительность деяния».

The article analyzes the insignificance of an act, one of the most complex categories of criminal law. It is noted that the difficulties of its application are due to the evaluative nature of the concept of insignificance and the lack of clarity of its criteria prescribed in the criminal law. It is stated that there are a large number of errors made by law enforcement officers, who either do not see signs of insignificance in a particular act, or, on the contrary, unjustifiably attribute them to it. The legally established criteria of insignificance are subject to critical analysis. A judgment is made about the need for law enforcers to use, deciding whether this or that act falls into the category of insignificant, along with legislative criteria and those proposed by the highest court of the country and doctrine. The need is established to take into account the totality of objective and subjective signs of the insignificance of an act, without regard to the characteristics of the subject, since insignificance is a characteristic related to the act, and not to the personality of the person who committed it. It is stated that the basis for assessing an act for compliance with its signs of insignificance should not be an insufficient typical danger, but an insufficient individual social danger. The result of the theoretical research was proposals to amend Part 2 of Art. 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, designed to help improve the regulation of the category «insignificant act».
ORGANIZATION OF STUDENTS ASSESSMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF E-LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION AND ON-LINE TRAINING APPLICATION
Authors: Улендеева Н.И.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются предпосылки перехода образовательных организаций к осуществлению образовательной деятельности по реализации образовательных программ в условиях применения положений новых Правил организации электронного обучения и дистанционных образовательных технологий, способствующих открытости и доступности сведений о фиксации образовательной деятельности и результатах обучения, информации о применении методов и способов идентификации личности обучающихся, используемых в образовательном процессе информационных цифровых сервисов и ресурсов, предоставляющих возможность получения качественного содержания образовательного контента электронных курсов учебных дисциплин. Анализ теоретических материалов и практического опыта по реализации процедур дистанционных контрольных мероприятий текущей, промежуточной и итоговой аттестации позволил выделить информационные ресурсы, обеспечивающие достоверность распознавания обучающегося и способы фиксации результатов электронного обучения. В работе изучены педагогические условия организации контроля оценивания образовательных результатов с использованием биометрической идентификации и сервисов прокторинга. Полученные результаты имеют практическое значение и могут быть использованы для повышения эффективности организации контрольных мероприятий при реализации технологий электронного обучения, способствующих применениювозможностей цифровых платформ и сервисов для организации идентификации личности обучающегося.

The article examines the prerequisites for the transition of educational institutions to the implementation of educational activities for the realization of educational programs in the context of the new Rules application for the organization of e-learning and on-line training technologies that promote openness and accessibility of information about learning outcomes, methods and methods of identifying students and information digital services and resources providing the opportunity to obtain high-quality educational content of electronic courses of academic disciplines. The analysis of theoretical materials and practical experience in the implementation of remote control procedures for current, intermediate and final certification allowed us to identify information resources that ensure the reliability of student recognition and ways to record the results of e-learning. The paper examines the pedagogical conditions for the organization of control over the assessment of educational results using biometric identification and proctoring services. The results obtained are of practical importance and can be used to improve the effectiveness of the organization of control measures in the context of the use of e-learning and on-line training technologies at the level of expanding the use of the potential of digital services and student identification resources.
Factor de Forma, Regeneración Natural y Carbono Almacenado en Necromasa de Juglans neotropica Diels, en una Hectarea de Bosque en la Reserva Natural El Tundo, Cantón Sozoranga Provincia de Loja
Authors: Quezada Vargas Luis Angel , Palacios Herrera Byron Gonzalo
Published: April 2024

El uso excesivo y la drástica reducción de su hábitat natural J. neotropica ha sido y sigue siendo muy aprovechada, que se a catalogado en “peligro de extinción”. El objetivo fue generar información sobre el factor de forma, regeneración natural y carbono almacenado en necromasa de la especie. Se estudió un bosque natural de Nogal, donde se realizó un inventario forestal, suiguiendo dos metodos: el primero según el método estadístico al 100 % y el segundo según el objetivo para el manejo de bosque natural. Para determinar el factor de forma se midió las secciones transversales de cada individuo, cada dos metros utilizando la fórmula de Smalian. Para la regeneración natural se instalaron tres parcelas, donde se registró brinzales, latizal bajo y alto. Para el almacenaminto de carbono se instalaron cuatro parcelas, recolectando la necromasa total y se colectó 300 g de cada componente, para determinar la relación peso seco/peso húmedo. El factor de forma fue de 0,84. La regeneración natural registró la existencia de tres brinzales. El carbono fue de 16,97 Ton C/ha. A partir de esta información, se establecen las bases científicas que prioricen la necesidad de continuar realizando monitoreo a mediano y largo plazo, para conocer la silvicultura de la especie.
Uso tradicional de las Plantas Medicinales, por la Población del Cantón Patate, Provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador
Authors: Remache Paucar Danny Fabricio , Quisiguiña Salem Jorge Luis , Arias Cango Nathaly del Cisne , Cabezas Oviedo Nataly Estefanía , Cevallos Goyes David Antonio
Published: April 2024

La región sierra centro del Ecuador posee una gran riqueza en lo que refiere a flora y aún más importante el conocimiento ancestral sobre el uso de plantas medicinales. En base a esto llama mucho la atención el hecho de que existe un marcado desinterés para la realización de investigaciones en lo que corresponde al campo de la etnobotánica y etnomedicina. Por lo que, basándonos en esta problemática, se realizó el estudio del uso plantas autóctonas medicinales en el cantón Patate. Se evaluó cuantitativamente el uso de plantas medicinales con el propósito de documentar la importancia relativa de dichas especies y estimar el estado actual del conocimiento tradicional de la población del cantón. Esta zona en particular posee condiciones ambientales y geográficas excepcionales lo que permite que la zona posea una gran riqueza florística. Se aplicaron aleatoriamente 150 encuestas a personas entre los 30 y 88 años, en donde se investigó respecto al uso y manejo de las plantas. Se obtuvo información sobre 73 especies pertenecientes a 37 familias. De las cuales destacan la manzanilla, llantén y orégano como las plantas medicinales más usadas por la población a las cuales dan principal uso dentro afecciones de origen infecciosas, respiratorias, como analgésicos, gastrointestinal. Toda esta información obtenida a través de este estudio fue depurada y clasificada con el fin de llevar a cabo al futuro una investigación más amplia, para poder llegar a su uso comercial para el tratamiento de las afecciones para las cuales la población recomendó su uso.
Resección de Tumor Phyllodes con Reconstrucción Inmediata de la Mama, Cirugía Oncoplástica: Reporte de Caso y Revisión de la Literatura
Authors: Hernandez-Zamora Angel Rafael , Aguirre Oramas Alberto Alejandro , Mendez Cardenas Arturo , Robles Villanueva Diego , Robles Mercado Jorge Alberto , Gómez Bernal Mayra Beatriz
Published: April 2024

Los tumores filoides son lesiones fibroepiteliales raros que constituyen solo entre el 0.3% y el 1% de todos los tumores primarios de mama (1). La mayoría de los casos se presentan entre los 35 y 55 años (2,3). La OMS estableció una clasificación histológica de los tumores filoides en benignos, limítrofes y malignos, basada en sus características histopatológicas. (3-6). El síntoma más común es la presencia de un bulto en la mama, generalmente localizado en el cuadrante superior externo de la mama y bilateral en solo el 1,8% de los casos. El tamaño varía entre 0,5 y 30 cm. (4,9,10) El tratamiento de los tumores filoides puede ser abordado de manera personalizada, tomando en cuenta el grado histopatológico y los márgenes quirúrgicos. Se ha observado que los tumores filoides limítrofes y malignos con márgenes quirúrgicos positivos o ≤1 mm presentan un mayor riesgo de recurrencia. En el caso de los tumores filoides benignos, un margen negativo estrecho puede ser óptimo, sin necesidad de cumplir con el margen de escisión tradicional de ≥10 mm (7,9). El papel de la radioterapia y la quimioterapia en el tratamiento de los tumores filoides sigue siendo incierto. (1,11,16,18). Es fundamental reconocer que la reconstrucción mamaria debe considerarse como un componente primordial en el proceso de tratamiento. Además, numerosos estudios respaldan que la reconstrucción no afecta negativamente la terapia adyuvante, ni interfiere con el tratamiento o el pronóstico de las pacientes (36,38). Se presenta caso de una paciente con tumor en mama derecha con reporte histológico de tumor filoides benigno sometida a reconstrucción inmediata con cirugía oncoplàstica con marcación prequirúrgica en patrón de Wise, cicatriz en T invertida con transposición del CAP un pedículo inferior con simetrización de mama contralateral, logrando una cirugía curativa con buen pronostico y evolución favorable.
Mortalidad de la Endocarditis Infecciosa en los Últimos 5 años
Authors: Lasso Maldonado Christian Camilo , Guerra Romero Héctor Andrés , Olivera Gamarra María Carolina , Orozco Sotomayor Silvia Patricia , Brito Jacome Carlos José , Cárdenas Vásquez Diana Carolina , Román Medrano Karla Melissa , Barrera Beltrán Sebastián Salvador , Churta Duque Carlos Julián , Sossa Pinzón Luis Alfredo
Published: April 2024

La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es conocida como la infección del endocardio, el revestimiento interno del corazón, producida por diferentes microorganismos principalmente bacterias. A nivel epidemiológico la EI es poco frecuente, pero en los últimos años su prevalencia ha ido en aumento con una mortalidad de hasta el 30% en 30 días. La colonización y proliferación de estos microorganismos conlleva a su entidad patológica más importante que es la formación de vegetación, por ello es importante un correcto y oportuno diagnóstico debido al aumento de la mortalidad de esta patología. En el siguiente artículo  realizamos una revisión bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos de artículos en inglés y español dando como resultado diferentes artículos que nos dan a conocer la mortalidad de la endocarditis infecciosa en los últimos 5 años por medio de diferentes estudios, reportes de casos, metanálisis, etc. Por lo que nos permite concluir que el tratamiento y diagnóstico de esta patología son un pilar fundamental para la reducción de la mortalidad de la endocarditis infecciosa.