bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adherence to the Recommended HPV Vaccine Dosing Schedule among Adolescents Aged 13 to 17 Years: Findings from the National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2019–2020
Authors: Ejezie Chinenye Lynette , Osaghae Ikponmwosa , Ayieko Sylvia , Cuccaro Paula
Published: April 2022

The 9-valent human papillomavirus (9-vHPV) vaccine uptake rate among adolescents has improved over the years; however, little is known about the adherence to the recommended dosing schedule. This study examines the prevalence and factors associated with adherence to the recommended 9vHPV vaccination dosing schedule among adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. The cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2019–2020 National Immunization Survey-Teen. The parents of 34,619 adolescents were included in our analyses. The overall up-to-date (UTD) prevalence was 57.1%. The UTD prevalence was 60.0% among females and 54.2% among males. Adolescents aged 16 years had the highest UTD prevalence of 63.0%. The UTD prevalence was 61.6% among Hispanics and 54.7% among non-Hispanic Whites. Overall, compared to females, males had 14% lower odds of UTD. The odds of UTD were 1.91 times, 2.08 times, and 1.98 times higher among adolescents aged 15–17 years, respectively, compared to those aged 13 years. Moreover, region, poverty, insurance status, mothers’ educational level, and provider recommendation were associated with UTD. Our findings show that adherence to the recommended 9vHPV vaccine schedule is low in the US. Targeted public health efforts are needed to improve the rates of adherence to the recommended 9vHPV dose schedule.
Development of a Nomogram Predicting the Risk of Persistence/Recurrence of Cervical Dysplasia
Authors: Bogani Giorgio , Lalli Luca , Sopracordevole Francesco , Ciavattini Andrea , Ghelardi Alessandro , Simoncini Tommaso , Plotti Francesco , Casarin Jvan , Serati Maurizio , Pinelli Ciro , Bergamini Alice , Gardella Barbara , Dell’Acqua Andrea , Monti Ermelinda , Vercellini Paolo , Palaia Innocenza , Perniola Giorgia , Fischetti Margherita , Santangelo Giusi , Fracassi Alice , D’Ippolito Giovanni , Aguzzoli Lorenzo , Mandato Vincenzo Dario , Giannella Luca , Scaffa Cono , Falcone Francesca , Borghi Chiara , Malzoni Mario , Giannini Andrea , Salerno Maria Giovanna , Liberale Viola , Contino Biagio , Donfrancesco Cristina , Desiato Michele , Perrone Anna Myriam , Dondi Giulia , De Iaco Pierandrea , Ferrero Simone , Sarpietro Giuseppe , Matarazzo Maria G. , Cianci Antonio , Cianci Stefano , Bosio Sara , Ruisi Simona , Mosca Lavinia , Tinelli Raffaele , De Vincenzo Rosa , Zannoni Gian Franco , Ferrandina Gabriella , Petrillo Marco , Capobianco Giampiero , Dessiole Salvatore , Carlea Annunziata , Zullo Fulvio , Muschiato Barbara , Palomba Stefano , Greggi Stefano , Spinillo Arsenio , Ghezzi Fabio , Colacurci Nicola , Angioli Roberto , Benedetti Panici Pierluigi , Muzii Ludovico , Scambia Giovanni , Raspagliesi Francesco , Di Donato Violante
Published: April 2022

Background: Cervical dysplasia persistence/recurrence has a great impact on women’s health and quality of life. In this study, we investigated whether a prognostic nomogram may improve risk assessment after primary conization. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-institutional study based on charts of consecutive patients undergoing conization between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014. A nomogram assessing the importance of different variables was built. A cohort of patients treated between 1 January 2015 and 30 June 2016 was used to validate the nomogram. Results: A total of 2966 patients undergoing primary conization were analyzed. The median (range) patient age was 40 (18–89) years. At 5-year of follow-up, 6% of patients (175/2966) had developed a persistent/recurrent cervical dysplasia. Median (range) recurrence-free survival was 18 (5–52) months. Diagnosis of CIN3, presence of HR-HPV types, positive endocervical margins, HPV persistence, and the omission of HPV vaccination after conization increased significantly and independently of the risk of developing cervical dysplasia persistence/recurrence. A nomogram weighting the impact of all variables was built with a C-Index of 0.809. A dataset of 549 patients was used to validate the nomogram, with a C-index of 0.809. Conclusions: The present nomogram represents a useful tool for counseling women about their risk of persistence/recurrence after primary conization. HPV vaccination after conization is associated with a reduced risk of CIN2+.
Comparable Post-Vaccination Decay of Neutralizing Antibody Response to Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 Variant in Healthcare Workers Recovered from Mild or Asymptomatic Infection
Authors: Vicenti Ilaria , Basso Monica , Dragoni Filippo , Gatti Francesca , Scaggiante Renzo , Fiaschi Lia , Parisi Saverio G. , Zazzi Maurizio
Published: April 2022

We described the long-term decay of neutralizing antibody (NtAb) to the wild-type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant after three antigen stimulations (mild or asymptomatic natural infection followed by two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine after a median of 296 days) in immunocompetent healthcare workers (HCWs). Live virus microneutralization against the B.1 and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants was performed in VERO E6 cell cultures. The median NtAb titers for B.1 and Delta were comparable and highly correlated at both 20 and 200 days after the second vaccine dose in the 23 HCWs enrolled (median age, 46 years). A small group of naturally infected unvaccinated HCWs had comparable NtAb titers for the two strains after a median follow-up of 522 days from infection diagnosis. The NtAb response to the Delta VoC appears to follow the same long-term dynamics as the wild-type response regardless of the vaccinal boost; data collected after three antigen stimulations (natural infection followed by two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine) may be helpful for tailoring the continuous monitoring of vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants over time.
Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-Specific Antibodies Prior to and during the Pandemic in 2011–2021 and COVID-19 Observational Study in 2019–2021
Authors: Gumanova Nadezhda G. , Gorshkov Alexander U. , Bogdanova Natalya L. , Korolev Andrew I. , Drapkina Oxana M.
Published: April 2022

Background: Longitudinal surveys to monitor the seroprevalence are required to support efforts for assessment of the levels of endemic stability in certain countries. We investigated seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies in the serum samples in 2011–2021, including a cohort study of 2019–2021, to evaluate the vaccination and anti-IgG-SARS-CoV-2–S1 RBD-positive statuses to assess the resistance and severity of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-specific antibodies were assayed in the serum samples (N = 565) randomly selected from various cohorts previously recruited from 2011 to 2021 from the city of Moscow and Moscow Region. Among them there were the participants (N = 310) recruited in 2019–2021 with an endpoint of 30 October 2021 when these participants were interviewed over phone with relevant questionnaire. Results: Obtained data indicated a percentage of 3–6% of SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-specific antibodies detected in participants recruited in 2011–2019. The percentage of SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-specific antibodies was increased to 16.5% in 2020 and to 46% in 2021. The vaccination rate of 238 respondents of this cohort was 58% from August 2020 to October 2021. In total, 12% of respondents were hospitalized. The morbidity rate in the subgroup of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-positive respondents was 5.4-fold higher than that in the subgroup of vaccinated respondents. Conclusions: A small percentage of SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-specific antibodies detected in 2011–2019 indicated possible spreading of coronaviruses during the pre-pandemic period. Collective immunity in Moscow and the Moscow region was able to reach 69% from August 2020 to October 2021 if this rate is added to the rate of not vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-positive subjects.
Influenza Vaccination Effectiveness in Paediatric ‘Healthy’ Patients: A Population-Based Study in Italy
Authors: Cantarutti Anna , Barbieri Elisa , Didonè Fabio , Scamarcia Antonio , Giaquinto Carlo , Corrao Giovanni
Published: April 2022

Background: Seasonal influenza can cause serious morbidity, mortality, and financial burden in pediatric and adult populations. The influenza vaccine (IV) is considered the most effective way to prevent influenza and influenza-like-illness (ILI) complications. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the IV in a cohort of healthy children in Italy. Methods: From the Pedianet database, all healthy children aged six months–14 years between 2009–2019 were enrolled. Cox proportional-hazards models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios and the 95% confidence interval for the association between IV exposure during each season of interest (from October to April of each year) with incident influenza/ILI. Exposure was considered as a time-varying variable. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as (1-HR) × 100. The additive and prolonged effects of IV were evaluated across the seasons. Results: We found a high IV effectiveness among healthy children. No additional or prolonged effects were found. Conclusion: Our data indicates that IV was effective in preventing influenza/ILI in healthy children. Therefore, IV should be encouraged and provided free of charge to healthy children in all the Italian regions every year, reducing disease spread and lowering the burden on the pediatric population.
Inter- and Intra-Observer Variations in Radiographic Evaluation of Pelvic Limbs in Yorkshire Terriers with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Patellar Luxation
Authors: Ševčík Karol , Hluchý Marián , Ševčíková Marieta , Domaniža Michal , Ledecký Valent
Published: April 2022

The main aims of the study were to describe bone alignment differences in Yorkshire Terriers (YT) with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR), patellar luxation (PL), or with a combination of both (CCLR + PL); to verify the theory of increased strain on cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) due to PL as a predisposing factor; and to evaluate intra- and inter-observer variability of the protocols developed for measurement of femoral and tibial alignment in Yorkshire Terriers. Fifty-five hindlimbs of YT were divided into four groups: Control, CCLR, PL, and CCLR + PL. Thirty parameters were radiographically evaluated including hip joint, femoral, tibial, and intercondylar fossa (ICF) parameters. Three observers evaluated all parameters on two separate occasions with a twelve-week interval between measurements. Significant differences in conjunction with CCLR and PL theories between groups were noticed in: Norberg angle (NA), quadriceps angle (Qa), anatomic lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), femoral varus (FVA), mechanical cranial proximal tibial angle (mCrPTA), mechanical caudal proximal tibial angle (mCdPTA), tibial plateau angle (TPA), distal tibial axis/proximal tibial axis angle (DPA). Some interesting findings are the similarity of values between Control and CCLR vs. CCLR + PL and PL groups in Na, Qa, aLDFA; between CCLR + PL and PL in FVA and a significantly lower age of dogs in CCLR + PL compared to CCLR group. Based on our results, we can conclude that YT with different clinical findings have differing bone morphology. Moreover, these findings may support PL as a predisposing factor for CCLR in small breeds. Measurements in which excellent inter- observer agreement was achieved may be used for surgical planning or for further discussions.
Inventory of Water–Energy–Waste Resources in Rural Houses in Gran Canaria Island: Application and Potential of Renewable Resources and Mitigation of Carbon Footprint and GHG
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Melania L. , Mendieta-Pino Carlos A. , Ramos-Martín Alejandro , León-Zerpa Federico A. , Déniz-Quintana Fabián A.
Published: April 2022

The potential application of renewable energies is diverse, and they have demonstrated their suitability in their application to the size and operation of activities. Rural tourism is one of the products with the greatest potential for growth within the tourist offer of the island of Gran Canaria, as it combines sustainable development and respect for the natural environment. Among the renewable energies with high applicability in rural environments, we highlight photovoltaic solar, low-temperature solar thermal and the methanation of waste and wastewater generated in tourism. This article shows a methodology adapted and developed for the study of the water-energy-waste nexus, considering parameters of waste generation, water and energy consumption, the occupied area and potential renewable energy generation in rural houses in Gran Canaria and evaluates their environmental profitability. It has been concluded that applying these renewable technologies can significantly reduce the carbon and ecological footprint of the activity of rural houses based on the available surface. This contributes to achieving the energy and environmental objectives proposed by the EU to achieve decarbonization by 2050.
Distribution and Release of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds in Yangcheng Lake
Authors: Li Yang , Gong Xionghu , Zhao Zhonghua , Shen Qiushi , Zhang Lu
Published: April 2022

Volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) function as a water–atmosphere link in the global sulfur cycle. It is generally believed that the vast majority of VOSCs are released from the ocean. However, due to the pervasive eutrophication and pollution of inland waters, the VOSC production and emission in rivers, lakes and reservoirs are attracting more attention. In this study, the temporal and spatial distributions of three VOSCs, including methanethiol, Dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide in Yangcheng Lake, a eutrophic shallow lake, are investigated monthly and seasonally. Results show that VOSCs are higher in summer and autumn, with the western region as a hotspot. Our results show a positive correlation between VOSC and phytoplankton biomass (p < 0.05). Interestingly, from algal phylum composition, all the phylum, except those with low biomass, played a positive effect on VOSCs’ concentration. We did not find any specific phylum or species of cyanobacteria that contributed solely to the VOSCs. The water-air effluxes of Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) are estimated by a stagnant film model. The DMS effluxes from Yangcheng Lakes were higher than deep lakes and similar to the ocean, indicating that VOSCs, particularly DMS, in those eutrophic shallow lakes were non-negligible.
The Impact of Climate Change and Soil Classification on Benzene Concentration in Groundwater Due to Surface Spills of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids
Authors: Almaliki Alaa Jasim Dakheel , Bashir Mohammed J. K. , Llamas Borrajo Juan F.
Published: April 2022

Hydraulic fracturing drilling technology can cause a high risk of surface spill accidents and thus water contamination. Climate change together with the high water demand and rapid increase in industrial and agricultural activities are valued reasons why we should all care about the availability of water resources and protect them from contamination. Hence, the purpose of this study is to estimate the risk associated with a site contaminated with benzene from oil spillage and its potential impact on groundwater. This study focused on investigating the impact of soil variability and water table depth on groundwater contamination. Temperature-dependent parameters, such as soil water content and the diffusion of pollutants, were considered as key input factors for the HYDRUS 1D numerical model to simulate benzene migration through three types of soil (loamy, sandy clay loam, and silt loam) and evaluate its concentration in the water aquifer. The results indicated that an anticipated increase in earth’s average surface temperature by 4 °C due to climate change could lead to a rise in the level of groundwater pollution in the study area by 0.017 mg/L in loamy soil, 0.00046 mg/L in sandy clay loam soil, and 0.00023 mg/L in silt loam soil. It was found that climate change can reduce the amount of benzene absorbed from 10 to 0.07% in loamy soil, 14 to 0.07% in sandy clay loam soil, and 60 to 53% in silt loam soil. The results showed that the soil properties and solute characteristics that depend on the temperature have a major and important role in determining the level of groundwater pollutants.
Effects of Irrigation and N Fertilization on 15N Fertilizer Utilization by Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon in China
Authors: Gong Ping , Zhang Yao , Liu Hongguang
Published: April 2022

This study investigated the interactions between different irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization rates and their effects on the 15N fertilizer absorption and utilization of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in a vineyard near Xinjiang, China. The fertilizer treatments consisted of three 15N-labeled urea nitrate fertilizer applications (191.4, 254.4, and 317.4 kg/ha). The irrigation treatments included two fractions (0.75 and 1.0) of estimated vineyard water use (ETc). The results showed that: (i) the residual amount of 15N fertilizer in the soil was mainly in the surface layer (0–20 cm), the residual fertilizer N in the surface layer accounted for 68–87% of the total residual N, the residual 15N fertilizer at different depths differed significantly, and the residual 15N was positively correlated with the amount of fertilizer applied (p < 0.05); (ii) The absorption of fertilizer N by grapevines accounted for only 12–17% of the total N absorption, and the proportion absorbed from soil N was as high as 82–87%. There was no significant difference in the amount of N absorbed between different water and fertilizer treatments; (iii) The 15N uptake under the different water and fertilizer treatments differed and was significantly higher in the roots than in other organs, followed by the fruit, the leaves, and finally, the stems. Our results provide a reference for improving the soil environment and encouraging a sustainable development of the grape industry. According to the experimental results, it was recommended that farmers adopt irrigation levels of 1.0 ETc and fertilizer application of 254.4 kg N/ha.
Water Footprint Assessment of Rainfed Crops with Critical Irrigation under Different Climate Change Scenarios in SAT Regions
Authors: Reddy Konda , Maruthi Vegapareddy , Pankaj Prabhat , Kumar Manoranjan , Pushpanjali  , Prabhakar Mathyam , Reddy Artha , Reddy Kotha , Singh Vinod , Koradia Ashishkumar
Published: April 2022

Semi-Arid Tropical (SAT) regions are influenced by climate change impacts affecting the rainfed crops in their productivity and production. Water Footprint (WF) assessment for rainfed crops on watershed scale is critical for water resource planning, development, efficient crop planning, and, better water use efficiency. A semi-arid tropical watershed was selected in lower Krishna river basin having a 4700 ha area in Telangana, India. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to estimate the water balance components of watershed like runoff, potential evapotranspiration, percolation, and effective rainfall for base period (1994 to 2013) and different climate change scenarios of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 for the time periods of 2020, 2050 and 2080. Green and blue WF of rainfed crops viz., maize, sorghum, groundnut, redgram and cotton were performed by considering rainfed, and two critical irrigations (CI) of 30mm and 50mm. It indicated that the effective rainfall (ER) is less than crop evapo-transpiration (ET) during crop growing period under different RCPs, time periods, and base period. The green WF under rainfed condition over different RCPs and time periods had decreasing trend for all crops. The study suggested that in the rainfed agro-ecosystems, the blue WF can significantly reduce the total WF by enhancing the productivity through critical irrigation management using on farm water resources developed through rainwater harvesting structures. The maximum significant reduction in WF over the base period was observed 13–16% under rainfed, 30–32% with 30 mm CI and 40–42% with 50 mm CI by 2080. Development of crop varieties particularly in oilseeds and pulses which have less WF and higher yields for unit of water consumed could be a solution for improving overall WF in the watersheds of SAT regions.
Design of Groundwater Level Monitoring Networks for Maximum Data Acquisition at Minimum Travel Cost
Authors: Cázares Escareño Juana , Júnez-Ferreira Hugo Enrique , González-Trinidad Julián , Bautista-Capetillo Carlos , Robles Rovelo Cruz Octavio
Published: April 2022

Groundwater monitoring networks represent the main source of information about water levels and water quality within aquifers. In this paper, a method is proposed for the optimal design of monitoring networks to obtain groundwater-level data of high spatial relevance at a low cost. It uses the estimate error variance reduction obtained with the static Kalman filter as optimization criteria, while simultaneously evaluating the optimal routes to follow through the traveling salesman problem. It was tested for a network of 49 wells in the Calera aquifer in Zacatecas, Mexico. The study area was divided into three zones, and one working day (8 h) was taken to visit each one, with an average speed of 40 km/h and a sampling time of 0.5 h. An optimal network of 26 wells was obtained with the proposal, while 21 wells should be monitored if the optimal routing is neglected. The average standard error using 49 wells of the original network was 35.01 m, an error of 38.35 m was obtained for 21 wells (without optimal routing) and 38.36 m with the 26 wells selected using the proposal. However, the latter produce estimates closer to those obtained with the 49 wells. Following the proposal, more field data can be acquired, reducing costs.
Modern Techniques to Modeling Reference Evapotranspiration in a Semiarid Area Based on ANN and GEP Models
Authors: Achite Mohammed , Jehanzaib Muhammad , Sattari Mohammad Taghi , Toubal Abderrezak Kamel , Elshaboury Nehal , Wałęga Andrzej , Krakauer Nir , Yoo Ji-Young , Kim Tae-Woong
Published: April 2022

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a significant aspect of the hydrologic cycle, notably in irrigated agriculture. Direct approaches for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ET0) are either difficult or need a large number of inputs that are not always available from meteorological stations. Over a 6-year period (2006–2011), this study compares Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), and Gene Expression Programming (GEP) machine learning approaches for estimating daily ET0 in a meteorological station in the Lower Cheliff Plain, northwest Algeria. ET0 was estimated using the FAO-56 Penman–Monteith (FAO56PM) equation and observed meteorological data. The estimated ET0 using FAO56PM was then used as the target output for the machine learning models, while the observed meteorological data were used as the model inputs. Based on the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (EF), the RBFNN and GEP models showed promising performance. However, the FFNN model performed the best during training (R2 = 0.9903, RMSE = 0.2332, and EF = 0.9902) and testing (R2 = 0.9921, RMSE = 0.2342, and EF = 0.9902) phases in forecasting the Penman–Monteith evapotranspiration.
Extreme Flood Disasters: Comprehensive Impact and Assessment
Authors: Yu Qian , Wang Yanyan , Li Na
Published: April 2022

Evaluating extreme flood disasters is a prerequisite for decision making in flood management. Existing extreme flood disaster assessments fail to either consider or evaluate comprehensive impacts from social, economic, and environmental aspects. This study first analyzes the causes of extreme flood disasters and subsequently the potential flood consequences in depth. On the basis of this comprehensive analysis, an extreme flood disaster indicator system is developed by taking into account social, economic, and environmental consequences. To assess the comprehensive impacts, we propose a refined social and economic impact evaluation method and a semi-quantitative environmental impact evaluation method, which are applied to Jingjiang Flood Diversion District (JFDD) located in the Yangtze River Basin, and analyze two extreme flood scenarios. The results show that almost all of the JFDD area is flooded with inundation areas of 901.36 km2 and 879.49 km2, respectively. The corresponding affected populations are 0.51 million and 0.5 million. The direct economic losses are 18.83 billion and 14.33 billion, respectively. Moreover, 5 potential pollutant sources and 11 protected areas are inundated under two scenarios. Extreme floods have relatively serious impacts on local ecology and the environment. The proposed methodology can provide effective support for decision makers.
A Novel Magnetic Nano-Sorbent Functionalized from N-methyl-d-glucamine for Boron Removal from Desalinated Seawater
Authors: Sun Tingting , Li Fulin , Zhang Qikun , Geng Xiaolin , Chen Huawei , Zhao Qi
Published: April 2022

Boron is a special pollutant. Because of its relatively small molecular weight, it can freely penetrate the reverse osmosis membrane in the same way that water molecules can in reverse osmosis during seawater desalination, which affects the effluent quality of desalinated seawater. In this study, a new magnetic adsorption material, MNP-NMDG, was synthesized by combining magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of Fe3O4 with N-methyl-d-glucamine with a high selectivity to boron, and MNP-NMDG was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption properties of the MNP-NMDG for boron during seawater desalination under static and dynamic conditions was studied from the aspects of pH, adsorbent dosage, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms. The results showed that according to the breakthrough curve of dynamic adsorption, MNP-NMDG had a high boron-adsorption capacity, and the static adsorption capacity was 9.21 mg/g. The adsorption performance was the best at pH = 9, and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 40 min. Boron adsorption conformed to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm and to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This composite material not only provides an effective and rapid way to remove boron from desalinated seawater, but also has a shorter removal time and makes it more easily separated using the external magnetic field.
Formation and Microbial Composition of Biofilms in Drip Irrigation System under Three Reclaimed Water Conditions
Authors: Wang Tianzhi , Dai Xingda , Zhang Tianjiao , Xin Changchun , Guo Zucheng , Wang Jiehua
Published: April 2022

As the second source of water for cities, reclaimed water (RW) has become an effective solution to the problem of water scarcity in modern agriculture. However, the formation of biofilm in an RW distribution system seriously affects the performance of the system and has become a technical challenge in RW utilization. In this study, we first showed that several water quality parameters, including five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total bacteria count (TB), total nitrogen (TN), and Cl− were the main factors affecting biofilm accumulation in the drip irrigation system (DIS), with the correlation coefficient averaging above 0.85. Second, after 392 to 490 h of system operation, the total biomass and extracellular polymer (EPS) accumulation rate of biofilms increased to a maximum of 0.72 g/m2·h and 0.027g/m2·h, respectively, making this time point a critical point for controlling biofilm accumulation and clogging of the system. Third, we examined changes in biofilm microbial composition over time on Illumina’s MiSeq platform. High throughput sequencing data showed that bacterial community structure and microbial network interaction and modularity changed significantly between 392 and 490 h, resulting in maximum microbial diversity and community richness at 490 h. Spearman correlation analyses between genera revealed that Sphingomonas and Rhodococcus promote biofilm formation due to their hydrophobicity, while Bacillus, Mariniradius, and Arthronema may inhibit biofilm formation due to their antagonistic effects on other genera. In conclusion, this work has clarified the accumulation process and compositional changes of biofilms in agriculture DIS under different RW conditions, which provides a basis for improving RW utilization efficiency and reducing system maintenance costs.
Is It Possible to Reduce Agricultural Carbon Emissions through More Efficient Irrigation: Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Xu Hao , Zhu Shuning , Shi Hongxu
Published: April 2022

Although irrigation systems are critical to the long-term viability of agriculture, they also contribute a significant amount of carbon dioxide emissions. This creates a conflict between reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting agricultural growth. Researchers may be able to gain a better understanding of the subject by looking at the connection between irrigation water efficiency (IWE) and agricultural carbon emissions (ACE). With data from 30 Chinese provinces collected between 2002 and 2019, this study examines the dynamic effect of IWE on ACE. According to the results, IWE has the potential to significantly raise ACE. The positive effects of IWE become more pronounced as ACE increases, according to the heterogeneity analysis. ACE in northern China is also more vulnerable to IWE than other ACE regions. Irrigation scales appear to be a significant channel through which IWE positively affects ACE, according to an investigation of possible mechanisms. However, the increased IWE causes the planting structure adjustments, which aids in the reduction of ACE. The results of this study have significant ramifications for public policy.
A FILA
Authors: Lacerda Mitsi Pinheiro de
Published: April 2022

Presentes em diversos espaços sociais, filas são organizadas com o intuito de escalonar, individual e linearmente, sujeitos que se encontram em busca de algum serviço e atendimento, ou que intentam adentrar um recinto. Estas formações temporárias, regidas por convenções institucionais ou sociais, também estão presentes regularmente nas escolas. O objetivo do artigo é compreender a ocorrência das filas no cotidiano escolar. O estudo foi realizado com o uso do método regressivo-progressivo de Henri Lefebvre, a produção do material de pesquisa foi proveniente de textos literários, imagens e relatos da escola, e sua apropriação e restituição se deram na conversação histórico-genética posta a fragmentos deste material. O estudo aponta que a fila se constitui enquanto prática não contemporânea reproduzida no cotidiano escolar, e que sua ocorrência é resguardada pela tradição e antiguidade, preservando o controle, a vigilância, a fragmentação, as hierarquias, classificações, exclusões, silenciamento e tantas outras influências que já foram criticadas e refutadas.
FRAGMENTOS DE UMA HISTÓRIA: Rick , seus objetivos e suas conquistas pelos movimentos dos olhos
Authors: Arena Dagoberto Buim , Pimenta Raíssa , Santos Sônia de Oliveira
Published: April 2022

O artigo tematiza a vida escolar e a preparação para escrever uma redação no ENEM de 2021/2022 de um jovem que emprega apenas os olhos para ler e para escrever, usuário de um notebook com mouse ocular, comprado com a colaboração da comunidade onde vive. Para essa preparação, um projeto de pesquisa e de extensão, financiado pela Pró-Reitoria da UNESP, foi posto em marcha por uma equipe composta por um professor pesquisador, por uma bolsista, por uma professora de educação especial, em Marília, SP no ano de 2020. Os encontros semanais com o aluno, presenciais no início, foram substituídos pelos remotos com a chegada da pandemia em março. Nos primeiros encontros, o jovem, aspirante a um curso superior de jornalismo, trocou informações sobre princípios argumentativos e persuasivos, e teve acesso a vídeos e artigos sobre temas debatidos na mídia. Aos poucos, as condições domésticas deixaram de ser adequadas para a continuidade dos trabalhos remotamente. Em janeiro 2021, embora inscrito, o aluno não participou do ENEM. Em março de 2021, esgotado o prazo do projeto, a equipe o orientou a matricular-se em um cursinho pré-vestibular gratuito organizado por alunos do campus da UNESP em Marília. Os fragmentos de esboços de um artigo de opinião sobre o racismo analisados neste artigo revelam que o jovem começava a desenvolver estruturas argumentativas, próprias de artigos de opinião, na abordagem de temas polêmicos.
A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NA PANDEMIA NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ: o que as pesquisas revelam?
Authors: Santos Adriana Regina de Jesus , Gonçalves José Alexandre , Rodrigues Samuel de Oliveira
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que aborda a conjuntura da educação pública paranaense durante a pandemia do Novo Coronavírus (COVID-19). Possui como justificativa os impactos do fenômeno excepcional que se apresentou aos gestores escolares, educadores e educandos da Educação Básica no período de 2020 a 2021 no Paraná. Como metodologia, utiliza-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e tem como objetivo discutir acerca dos desafios e dilemas no trabalho pedagógico dos professores. Considera-se que não foi possível evitar os impactos negativos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, e que dentre as adversidades que impeliram no trabalho pedagógico, estão o fator econômico e a limitação tecnológica de educandos e educadores.
Relationship of Religion with Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Plan, Suicide Attempt, and Suicide Death: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Poorolajal Jalal , Goudarzi Mahmoud , Gohari-Ensaf Fatemeh , Darvishi Nahid
Published: April 2022

Background: Suicide is a significant public health problem and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The effect of religion on suicidal behaviors (i.e., ideation, plan, attempt, and death) is an important issue worthy of consideration. Methods: Major electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched for the articles published until 26 April 2021. Reference lists were also screened. Observational studies addressing the associations between religion and suicidal behaviors were also examined. Between-study heterogeneity was investigated using the χ2 , τ2 , and I2 statistics. The probability of publication bias was explored using the Begg and Egger tests, as well as trim-and-fill analysis. The effect size was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model. Results: Out of 11389 identified studies, 63 articles were eligible, involving 8,053,697 participants. There was an inverse association between religion and suicidal ideation OR = 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.88; P<0.001), suicidal plan OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.04; P = 0.200), suicide attempt OR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.89; P<0.001), and completed suicide OR = 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.72; P = 0.006). There was a no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis support the notion that religion can play a protective role against suicidal behaviors. Nonetheless, the effect of religion on suicidal behaviors varies across countries with different religions and cultures. Although this association does not necessarily imply causation, an awareness of the relationship between religion and suicide risk can be of great help in suicide prevention policies and programs.
Predictors of COVID-19 Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients, Hamadan Province, Iran
Authors: Jalili Ebrahim , Khazaei Salman , Soltanian Ali Reza , Hosseini Seyed Mehdi , Bashirian Saeid , Ghelichkhani Samareh , Kiani Toos , Akbari Somayeh , Halimi Leila
Published: April 2022

Background: Identification of the predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related death in hemodialysis patients plays a key role in the management of these patients. In this regard, the present study aimed to evaluate the predictors of death among COVID-19 infected hemodialysis patients in Hamadan province, Iran. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated 50 COVID-19 infected hemodialysis patients who were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and referred to hemodialysis wards of hospitals located in Hamadan province, Iran, from March 2019 and January 2020. In order to compare the demographic characteristics and clinical variables between survived and deceased patients, the independent student t test and chi-square test were applied. Results: Out of 50 confirmed COVID-19 hemodialysis patients, 27 (54%) cases were male, 38 (76%) subjects were urban residents, and 4 (8%) individuals were smokers. A significant relationship was observed between patients’ gender, age, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) status, and body mass index (BMI) with the treatment outcome (P<0.05). A significantly higher level of serum albumin was observed in the survived patients (3.49±0.37 vs. 3.17±0.42, P = 0.030). Moreover, in terms of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, a significantly higher level of LDH was observed in the patients who died (1471.1±1484.89 vs. 670.86±268.85, P = 0.005). Conclusions: It can be concluded that some demographic characteristics of the patients, including age, gender, ARDS status, BMI, co-morbidities, and laboratory signs and symptoms are associated with disease outcomes in COVID-19 infected hemodialysis patients. Therefore, awareness about the predictors of death in these patients can help make better and direct clinical decisions and inform health officials about the risk of COVID-19 mortality among hemodialysis patients.
Epidemiology and Time Series Analysis of Human Brucellosis in Tebessa Province, Algeria, from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Akermi Seif Eddine , L’Hadj Mohamed , Selmane Schehrazad
Published: April 2022

Background: Brucellosis runs rampant endemically with sporadic outbreaks in Algeria. The present study aimed to provide insights into the epidemiology of brucellosis and compare the performance of some prediction models using surveillance data from Tebessa province, Algeria. Study Design: A retrospective study. Methods: Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA), neural network autoregressive (NNAR), and hybrid SARIMA-NNAR models were developed to predict monthly brucellosis notifications. The prediction performance of these models was compared using root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Results: Overall, 13670 human brucellosis cases were notified in Tebessa province from 2000-2020 with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3. The most affected age group was 15-44 years (56.2%). The cases were reported throughout the year with manifest seasonality. The annual notification rate ranged from 30.9 (2013) to 246.7 (2005) per 100000 inhabitants. The disease was not evenly distributed, rather spatial and temporal variability was observed. The SARIMA (2,1,3) (1,1,1)12, NNAR (12,1,6)12, and SARIMA (2,0,2) (1,1,0)12- NNAR (5,1,4)12 were selected as the best-fitting models. The RMSE, MAE, and MAPE of the SARIMA and SARIMA-NNAR models were by far lower than those of the NNAR model. Moreover, the SARIMA-NNNAR hybrid model achieved a slightly better prediction accuracy for 2020 than the SARIMA model. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, both SARIMA and hybrid SARIMA-NNAR models are suitable to predict human brucellosis cases with high accuracy. Reasonable predictions, along with mapping brucellosis incidence, could be of great help to veterinary and health policymakers in the development of informed, effective, and targeted policies, as well as timely interventions.
Pengaruh Minat, Orang Tua, dan Penghargaan Finansial terhadap Pilihan Berkarier sebagai Konsultan Pajak
Authors: Debora Salim Cecilia
Published: April 2022

This study was to measure the effect of interest, parents, and financial rewards on the choice of a career as a tax consultant with accounting students' perceptions of tax brevet A and B as moderating variables. The population of 143 students majoring in accounting with a concentration of economics and business at UPI “YPTK” Padang class of 2018. Using probability sampling technique, with a sample of 59 people collected. The research instrument used in data collection is a questionnaire. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis method, using classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The results showed: Interest has a positive and significant effect on career choice as a tax consultant, the influence of parents has no and no significant effect on career choice as a tax consultant, financial rewards have a positive and significant effect on career choice as a tax consultant
Pertumbuhan Laba Melalui Harga Saham sebagai Variabel Intervening: Inventory Turnover, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Kebijakan Dividen
Authors: Andiny Intan Suci
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pertumbuhan laba melalui harga saham sebagai variabel intervening inventory turnover,ukuran perusahaan dan kebijakan dividen. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2016-2020. Cara penentuan samplel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode puposive sampling sehingga dari 193 populasi diperoleh sampel sebanyak 37 perusahaan. Data pada penelitian ini dianalisis dengan teknik analisis regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa inventory turnover,ukuran perusahaan, berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. Kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. Inventory turnover,ukuran perusahaan, dan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba.harga saham tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Inventory turnover,ukuran perusahaan, dan kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba melalui harga saham sebagai variabel intervening.
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Institusional dan Leverage terhadap Penghindaran Pajak dengan Kebijakan Dividen sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Dewi Eni Gustia
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepemilikan institusional dan leverage terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan kebijakan dividen sebagai variabel intervening. Kepemilikan institusional dan leverage digunakan sebagai variabel independen dan penghindaran pajak digunakan sebagai variabel dependen. Serta kebijakan dividen sebagai variabel interveniing. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2016-2020. Cara penentuan sampel daam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling sehingga dari 195 populasi diperoleh sampel sebanyak 34 perusahaan. Data pada penelitian ini di analisis dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen, leverage berpengaruh terhadap kebiijakan dividen, kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, kebijakan dividen berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, kebijakan dividen tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh kepemilikan intitusional terhadap penghindaran pajak, kebijakan dividen tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh Leverage terhadap penghindaran pajak.
Kualitas Audit Melalui Etika Profesi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi: Time Budget Pressure, Kompetensi Dan Independensi
Authors: Refinda Diva Somya
Published: April 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas audit melalui etika profesi sebagai variabel moderasi: time budget pressure, kompetensi dan independensi pada kantor akuntan publik dikota padang” dengan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dengan menyebarkan kuesioner, dengan sampel 29 responden auditor yang bekerja di kantor akuntan publik kota padang. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda dan Analisis Regresi Variabel Moderasi (Moderated Regression Analysis) dengan menggunakan SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: time budget pressure tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas audit, kompetensi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas audit, independensi tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas audit dan apabila dimoderasi oleh etika profesi, tidak terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan time budget pressure, kompetensi dan independensi terhadap kualitas audit di kantor akuntan publik di kota Padang.
STRATEGI PENYEDIAAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU PUBLIK BERDASARKAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG TAHUN 2021-2030
Authors: Kurniawan Nikolaus Saras , Asmara Sandi , Asbi Adnin Musadri
Published: April 2022

One important element in the region is the existence of green open space, especially public green open Spaces that have ecological, cultural, economic, aesthetic, and also urban/regional. The need for public green open space as a means of recreation and community interaction is not balanced with the number of available public green open spaces that can balance the population. The public green open space affects the number of people, the more people in one city the need for green open space increases. This method of research analysis is a SWOT analysis in which in research results from the public green open space analysis, population projections, and land use & gravelly. The results are a strategy that can help restore the supply of green open Spaces on the green side of population, which is: optimize the water use areas to make green public Spaces, to use the removal of the land for public green Spaces, to use the ground in hill areas for use as open space. Public green areas such as parks or forests, and they promote and maintain the green facilities that support public activities.and maintaining reforestation of facilities that support community activities.
SUCCESS STORY IN ADAPTING MASTER'S TEACHING TO COVID-19
Authors: Gómez Martínez Raúl , Medrano García Maria Luisa , Veiga Mateos Jaime
Published: April 2022

In March 2020, the students of the Master's Degree in Financial Advice and Planning (MAPF) at the Rey Juan Carlos University suffered the uncertainty of how the health security restrictions that had to be adopted due to the irruption would affect their academic performance of COVID-19 in Spain. In this study, the evolution of the time series of the success rates of all subjects of this master's degree has been analyzed, taking a study period that begins in normal times and ends after these last two courses affected by COVID-19. The results show that the academic performance of the students in the last two years has not been worse at all, even observing an improvement in the academic performance of the students in the online mode. This can only be interpreted as a success for the university, teachers and students in the face of the challenge posed by the emergence of COVID-19 and the adaptation of teaching.

Resumen

En marzo de 2020 los alumnos del Máster Universitario en Asesoramiento y Planificación Financiera (MAPF) de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos sufrían la incertidumbre de cómo les iba afectar en su desempeño académico las restricciones por seguridad sanitaria que se tenían que adoptar a causa de la irrupción del COVID-19 en España. En este estudio se ha analizado la evolución de las series temporales de las tasas de éxito de todas las asignaturas impartidas en este máster, tomando un periodo de estudio que se inicia en tiempos de normalidad y que finaliza tras estos dos últimos cursos afectados por el COVID-19. Los resultados muestran que el desempeño académico de los alumnos estos dos últimos cursos no ha sido en absoluto peor, observándose incluso una mejora en el rendimiento académico de los alumnos de la modalidad online. Esto solo puede ser interpretado como un éxito de la universidad, profesorado y alumnos ante el reto que supuso la irrupción del COVID-19 y la adaptación de la docencia.