bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Air Pollution on the Transcriptomics of the Immune Response to Respiratory Infection
Authors: Croft Daniel , Burton David , Nagel David , Bhattacharya Soumyaroop , Falsey Ann , Georas Steve , Hopke Philip , Johnston Carl , Kottmann R. Matthew , Litonjua Augusto , Mariani Thomas , Rich David , Thevenet-Morrison Kelly , Thurston Sally , Utell Mark , McCall Matthew
Published: April 2021

Combustion related particulate matter air pollution (PM) is associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections in adults. The exact mechanism underlying this association has not been determined. We hypothesized that increased concentrations of combustion related PM would result in dysregulation of the innate immune system. This epidemiological study includes 111 adult patients hospitalized with respiratory infections who underwent transcriptional analysis of their peripheral blood. We examined the association between gene expression at the time of hospitalization and ambient measurements of particulate air pollutants in the 28 days prior to hospitalization. For each pollutant and time lag, gene-specific linear models adjusting for infection type were fit using LIMMA (Linear Models For Microarray Data), and pathway /gene set analyses were performed using the CAMERA (Correlation Adjusted Mean Rank) program. Comparing patients with viral and/or bacterial infection, the expression patterns associated with air pollution exposure differed. Adjusting for the type of infection, increased concentrations of Delta-C (a marker of biomass smoke) and other PM were associated with upregulation of iron homeostasis and protein folding. Increased concentrations of black carbon (BC) were associated with upregulation of viral related pathways and downregulation of pathways related to antigen presentation. The pollutant/pathway associations differed by lag time and by type of infection. This study suggests that the effect of air pollution on the pathogenesis of respiratory infection may be pollutant, timing, and infection specific.
Incidence and Prevalence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: Focus on Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Zambia
Authors: Ebenezer Akuoko , Eliud Sandabunga , Eunice Akuoko , Kenneth Baga Sabogu
Published: April 2021

More than one-third of people living with HIV/AIDS live in the Sub-Sharan Africa region. The study focused on Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Zambia to give a general overview of the situation in the region. 2019 data by UNAIDS were assessed and compared with the 2018 data. The results revealed a disproportionate burden of the disease among women aged 15 years and above, as compared to men of the same ages and children below 15 years. Also, it was revealed that ARV services among pregnant women are effective in reducing the number of new infections among newborns. It is this important that in the fight against the epidemic in the region, governments and their development partners should give much attention to women.
Tunable X-ray dark-field imaging for sub-resolution feature size quantification in porous media
Authors: Blykers Benjamin K. , Organista Caori , Boone Matthieu , Kagias Matias , Marone Federica , Stampanoni Marco , Bultreys Tom , Cnudde Veerle , Aelterman Jan
Published: April 2021

X-ray computed micro-tomography typically involves a trade-off between sample size and resolution, complicating the study at a micrometer scale of representative volumes of materials with broad feature size distributions (e.g. natural stones).
X-ray dark-field tomography exploits scattering to probe sub-resolution features, promising to overcome this trade-off. In this work, we present a quantification method for sub-resolution feature sizes using dark-field tomograms obtained by tuning the autocorrelation length of a Talbot grating interferometer. Alumina particles with different nominal pore sizes (50 nm and 150 nm) were mixed and imaged at the TOMCAT beamline of the SLS synchrotron (PSI) at eighteen correlation lengths, covering the pore size range. The different particles cannot be distinguished by traditional absorption µCT due to their very similar density and the pores being unresolved at typical image resolutions. Nevertheless, by exploiting the scattering behavior of the samples, the proposed analysis method allowed to quantify the nominal pore sizes of individual particles. The robustness of this quantification was proven by reproducing the experiment with solid samples of alumina, and alumina particles that were kept separated.
Our findings demonstrate the possibility to calibrate dark-field image analysis to quantify sub-resolution feature sizes, allowing multi-scale analyses of heterogeneous materials without subsampling.
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein G476S mutation on the interaction with human ACE-2 receptor and neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Kwarteng Alexander , Asiedu Ebenezer , Sylverken Augustina Angelina , Larbi Amma , Twumasi Peter
Published: April 2021

The G476S mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein occurs in the receptor binding domain (RBD), the region that binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE-2) receptor and also the main target for neutralizing antibodies. The 476S variant was first reported in the USA. Emerging evidence show that the 476S variant resists neutralization by antibodies such as S2E12 and CC6.29. The impact of the mutation on the interactions with hACE-2 receptor and the dynamics of the S-protein, has not been not fully explored. Here, we provide insights into the structure dynamics of the 476S variant and investigate the impact of the mutation on interactions with hACE-2 and selected neutralizing antibodies. We report that the mutation induces a destabilization effect in the RBD and an increased flexibility for most of the receptor binding residues. The mutation, however, does not affect the interactions with the hACE-2 receptor. Both Gly-476 and Ser-476, although located within the hACE-2 interacting residue hotspot, do not contribute to the stabilization of the RBD-hACE-2 complex. Our findings suggest that both H014 and P2P-2F6 antibodies neutralize the 476G and 476S S-proteins with similar efficacy.
Estimation Of Quality Of Medical Care
Authors: Syhyda Liubov , Srovnalíková Paulína , Onda Alla
Published: April 2021

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of quality of medical care. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the quality of medical care in dispensary №1 of municipal non-profit enterprise «Shostka city center of primary health care» and determine recommendations for its improvement in the context of «MEDSTAR» medical information system implementation. The research methods authors used in the article were systematic analysis, comparative research, and patients’ survey. As the information sources, the authors used internal documentation of the dispensary № 1 (data for September 2018) and its electronic documentation from the MEDSTAR medical information system (data for September 2020). First, the authors analyzed and compared the number of patients who visited the dispensary №1, and the number of patients visited by doctors at home in September 2020 and September 2018. Second, the authors determined the number of referrals for examination issued to patients in September 2020 and September 2018. Third, the authors surveyed the patients on their satisfaction with the quality of medical care. The results of the research showed that the total number of patients’ visits at the dispensary №1 decreased by 32.4%, and the rate of home visits decreased by 5.12% in September 2020 compared to September 2018. The same situation is with the number of referrals for examination. In September 2018 763 patients got referrals for further examinations, and in September 2020 the number of referrals was 169. The survey showed that patients are dissatisfied with some aspects of the quality of medical care, particularly, with the automation of medicine, focus of medicine, as well as with the conditions of appointment and accessibility of conventional medical services. In total, the results of the research helped to highlight problems in the work of family doctors caused by healthcare reform and medical information systems implementation which reduce the quality of medical care. The recommendations for problems solving were suggested. The authors’ research will be useful for further research in the quality of medical care.
Disclosure of Mental Health Status to Employers in a Healthcare Context
Authors: Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: April 2021

People suffering from mental health conditions are often unwilling to reveal their status and this includes health professionals. They may wrestle with the pros and cons of revealing their health status to their employer in particular as they seek to reconcile personal privacy with professional duty. There is no simple, clear consensus as to whether they have a moral duty to share the information voluntarily or explicitly to share it with the employer. Additionally, there is a concern as to whether a degree of non-disclosure is justifiable to protect the privacy of health care professionals in some circumstances. Decisions surrounding the disclosure of a mental health problem are nuanced and may require that competing needs and values be reconciled. Although self-declared mental health status is an intrinsic moral good, the healthcare professional needs to feel confident and ready to come forward.
An Innovation-Driven Approach to Specific Language Impairment Diagnosis
Authors: Yan Huan Ch’ng , Osman Mohd Azam , Hui Ying Jong
Published: April 2021

Background: Specific language impairment (SLI) diagnosis is inconvenient due to manual procedures and hardware cost. Computer-aided SLI diagnosis has been proposed to counter these inconveniences. This study focuses on evaluating the feasibility of computer systems used to diagnose SLI.

Methods: The accuracy of Webgazer.js for software-based gaze tracking is tested under different lighting conditions. Predefined time delays of a prototype diagnosis task automation script are contrasted against with manual delays based on human time estimation to understand how automation influences diagnosis accuracy. SLI diagnosis binary classifier was built and tested based on randomised parameters. The obtained results were cross-compared to Singlims_ES.exe for equality.

Results: Webgazer.js achieved an average accuracy of 88.755% under global lighting conditions, 61.379% under low lighting conditions and 52.7% under face-focused lighting conditions. The diagnosis task automation script found to execute with actual time delays with a deviation percentage no more than 0.04%, while manually executing time delays based on human time estimation resulted in a deviation percentage of not more than 3.37%. One-tailed test probability value produced by both the newly built classifier and Singlims_ES were observed to be similar up to three decimal places.

Conclusion: The results obtained should serve as a foundation for further evaluation of computer tools to help speech language pathologists diagnose SLI.
Is the Mitochondrial Function of Keloid Fibroblasts Affected by Cytoglobin?
Authors: Jusman Sri Widia A , Azzizah Isma Nur , Sadikin Mohamad , Hardiany Novi Silvia
Published: April 2021

Background: A keloid is a benign skin tumour characterised by excessive proliferation of fibroblasts, a process that requires a sufficient amount of energy. The energy needs are associated with adequate oxygen (O2) flow and well-functioning mitochondria. It is known that cytoglobin (CYGB) has a function in O2 distribution. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the inhibition of CYGB expression caused impaired mitochondrial function of keloid fibroblasts.

Methods: An in vitro study was conducted on a keloid fibroblast derived from our previous study. The study was carried out in the laboratory of the Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia (FMUI), from July to December 2018. CYGB expression was inhibited by small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) and CYGB. Analysis of mitochondrial function was observed through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a mitochondrial biogenesis marker and the activity of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme in mitochondria.

Results: The CYGB gene and protein were downregulated after treatment with CYGB siRNA. Inhibition of CYGB expression with siRNA also tended to decrease the levels of PGC-1α messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein, as well as SDH enzyme activity.

Conclusion: Inhibition of CYGB expression with siRNA tended to decrease mitochondrial biogenesis and function. This may be useful for understanding the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts in keloids and for development of treatment for keloids.
Doctrinal Approach to the Interrelation between National and International Law in the light of Constitutional Amendments
Authors:   Dorji Banzarov Buryat State University, Madaev E.O.
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of March 14, 2020 No. 1-Federal Constitutional Laws «On Improving the Regulation of Certain Issues of the Public Power Organization and Functioning». The author carries out the theoretical and legal analysis of the Russian Federation Constitutional Court practice and the legislation adopted in view of this practice. It is noted that the amendments added to the Constitution of the Russian Federation reflect the official doctrine based on the recognition of the priority and supremacy of the Russian Federation Constitution in the legal system of the country. The author agrees that representatives of economically and militarily strong states have a significant influence on the development of international law, expressing the foreign policy doctrines of their states, while building a dual model of behavior: in relation to themselves – the priority of national law, in relation to other countries – the priority of international law. Under these conditions, the doctrine becomes a universal tool that connects the national and international legal spheres. It is necessary to recognize the ability of the doctrine to ensure the individualization, self-identification of the domestic legal system, the convergence of the Russian legal system and the systems of international public and private international law.
Features of Development of the Extreme Necessity Institution in Criminal Law of Russia
Authors:   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Zhigzhitova B. B.
Published: April 2021

The article considers the process of formation and development of the extreme necessity institution in the system of domestic legislation. The author analyzes the conditions determining the introduction of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an act into the structure of Russian criminal law, and studies the paradigms of extreme necessity modernization, scientific views on its legal nature, their influence on the isolation of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an act in the mechanism of regulating public relations. The article summarizes the theoretical judgments about the nature of the extreme necessity institution, the legally significant properties and features specific to extreme necessity in different historical periods, as well as its inherent conceptual and terminological apparatus. The author systematizes the grounds for limiting extreme necessity from related institutions of criminal law, which justifies its place in the system of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an act, and investigates the mechanism of legal regulation of extreme necessity conditions legality, as well as the consequences of its limits violation. The article presents unified rules for the assessment and ratio of the harm caused in the state of extremity. The problems of legal regulation of extreme necessity at the present stage of its development are identified, and ways to eliminate some shortcomings are proposed. In conclusion the author actualizes the need to create a mechanism for assessing the extreme necessity acts legality, and identifies other promising areas of research activity in the field of extreme necessity legal regulation.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersine Yönelik Görüşleri
Authors: AKÇEŞME Burak , KURTDEDE FİDAN Nuray
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi dersine ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi dersinin ilkokulda yer alması, ders kitabı, dersin öğretim programı ve öğretim programında yer alan kazanımlarla ilgili sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşleri alınmıştır; derste karşılaşılan güçlükler ve çözüm yolları, öğretmenlerin derste kullandıkları yöntem, teknikler ve ölçme değerlendirme araçları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemine sahip bu araştırmada olgu-bilim deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında Afyonkarahisar merkez ve ilçeleri, köy ve kasabalarında görev yapan ve ölçüt örnekleme ile belirlenen 17 erkek 13 kadın olmak üzere 30 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak dokuz sorudan oluşan yarı- yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tümevarımsal içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi dersiyle ilişkili kavramları küçük yaşlardayken öğrenmenin bireye önemli bir katkı sağlayacağını belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların görüşlerinden elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda İnsan Hakları, Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi dersi ilkokul programında yer almaya devam edecekse; içeriğinin uygulamaya ve yaparak-yaşayarak öğrenmeye dayalı bir şekilde yeniden düzenlenmesine ve öğrenciyi aktif kılacak bir içerikle müfredatta yer alması önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
Öğretmenlerin Benimsedikleri Eğitim Felsefelerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİR Okay , AKTI ASLAN Seda
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada öğretmenlerin benimsedikleri eğitim felsefelerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri 2019- 2020 eğitim öğretim yılının birinci döneminde, farkı branşlardan 265 öğretmene ulaşarak, kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Yılmaz, Altınkurt ve Çokluk (2011) tarafından geliştirilen “Eğitim İnançları Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, betimsel istatistikler, t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile çözümlenmiştir. Çalışmada, öğretmenlerin en çok benimsedikleri eğitim felsefelerinin sırasıyla varoluşçuluk, ilerlemecilik, daimicilik, yeniden kurmacılık ve esasicilik olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre sadece esasicilik eğitim felsefesini erkek öğretmenlerin daha fazla benimsedikleri görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin mezun oldukları fakülte değişkenine göre daimicilik, esasicilik, ilerlemecilik ve varoluşçuluk eğitim felsefelerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Ancak yeniden kurmacılık eğitim felsefesinde eğitim fakültesi mezunu öğretmenler lehine anlamlı bir farklılık görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin mesleki kıdemleri açısından da benimsemiş oldukları eğitim felsefelerinde anlamlı farklılıklara rastlanmıştır. Öğretmenlerin eğitim durumları, benimsemiş oldukları eğitim felsefesini etkilememiştir. Branşlarına göre bakıldığında ise, sınıf öğretmenlerinin varoluşçuluk eğitim felsefesini daha fazla benimsedikleri görülmüştür.
Türkiye’de Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Gelişimi Nasıl Araştırılıyor?
Authors: SANCAR Raziye , ATAL Deniz
Published: April 2021

Eğitim ve öğretim sürecinde istenilen hedeflere ulaşılabilmesi için öğretmenlerin bilgi, beceri ve yeterliklerinin sürekli gözden geçirilmesi ve süreç içinde mesleki gelişimlerinin desteklenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Alanyazında da öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimleri pek çok araştırmaya konu olmuş ve çeşitli boyutları ile ele alınmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada, ülkemizde öğretmen yetiştirme alanında yapılan ve öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimine odaklanan lisansüstü tezler incelenerek öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimlerine yönelik ne tür araştırmaların yapıldığına ilişkin bir çerçeve ortaya konulmak istenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden temel yorumlayıcı desen kullanılmış ve toplam 98 tez incelenmiştir. Belirlenen lisansüstü tezler; katılımcı türü, araştırma alanı, araştırma süresi, araştırma amacı ve araştırma yöntemi gibi boyutlar temel alınarak incelenmiştir. Ve ardından veriler iki ayrı araştırmacı tarafından kodlanmıştır. Ardından incelenen kodlar arasındaki ilişkileri ve örüntüleri sunmak amacıyla VOSviewer programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, ülkemizdeki lisansüstü tezlerde öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimleri ele alırken çoğunlukla durum tespiti yapmak amacıyla, sınırlı bir hedef kitle ile bir haftadan az sürede gerçekleşen uygulamalarla araştırma süreçleri yapılandırılmıştır. Ve araştırmaların büyük çoğunluğunda veriler süreç başında uygulanan anket ya da ölçekler ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ülkemizde mesleki gelişim araştırmalarındaki sınırlılıkları ortaya koyarken, ilerleyen süreçte öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimlerinin derinlemesine uygulamalar, tekrarlı ve çok boyutlu ölçümler ve süreç tasarımları, tartışmalar, iş-birlikleri, izlemeler, geri bildirimler, destekler, yaygınlaştırmalarla yürütülmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir
Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ As A Novel and Promising Target For Treating Cancer Via Regulation of Inflammation: A Brief Review
Authors: Yuvaraj S. , Kumar B.R. Prashantha
Published: April 2021

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptors and the ligand-activated intracellular transcription factors that are known to play a key role in physiological processes such as cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, tissue remodeling, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. However, in the past two decades, many reports claim that PPARs also play an imperious role as a tumor suppressor. PPAR- gamma (PPARγ), one of the best-known from the family of PPARs, is known to express in colon, breast, bladder, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Its function in tumour cells includes the modulation of several pathways involved in multiplication and apoptosis. The ligands of PPARγ act by PPARγ dependent as well as independent pathways and are also found to regulate different inflammatory mediators and transcription factors in systemic inflammation and in tumor microenvironment. Both synthetic and natural ligands that are known to activate PPARγ, suppress the tumor cell growth and multiplication through the regulation of inflammatory pathways, as found out from different functional assays and animal studies. Cancer and inflammation are interconnected processes that are now being targeted to achieve tumor suppression by decreasing the risks and burden posed by cancer cells. Therefore, PPARγ can serve as a promising target for development of clinical drug molecule attenuating the proliferation of cancer cells. In this perspective, this mini review highlights the PPARγ as a potential target for drug development aiming for anti-inflammatory and thereby suppressing tumors.
A Brief Training Program to Support the Use of a Digital Pill System for Medication Adherence: Pilot Descriptive Study
Authors: Chai Peter R , Bustamante Maria J , Goodman Georgia , Mohamed Yassir , Najarro Jesse , Sullivan Matthew C , Castillo-Mancilla Jose , Coyle Ryan P , Mayer Kenneth H , Rosen Rochelle K , Baumgartner Susan L , Alpert Pamela E , Boyer Edward W , O'Cleirigh Conall
Published: April 2021

Background

Digital pill systems (DPSs), which comprise ingestible radiofrequency sensors integrated into a gelatin capsule that overencapsulates a medication, can directly measure ingestion events.

Objective

Teaching users to operate a DPS is vital to ensure the collection of actionable ingestion and adherence data. In this study, we aim to develop and pilot a training program, grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model, to instruct individuals on DPS operation.

Methods

A two-part training program, comprising in-person and text message–based components, was used with HIV-negative men who have sex with men with nonalcohol substance use, who had enrolled in a 90-day pilot demonstration study using the DPS to measure adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis. We assessed the number of responses to text check-ins, the number and types of episodes where technical support was requested, the resolutions of such issues, and engagement with the program over the study period. Participant feedback on the program was evaluated through qualitative user experience interviews.

Results

A total of 15 participants were enrolled in and completed the program. Seven technical challenges related to DPS operations were reported across 5 participants. Most commonly, participants requested support connecting the wearable Reader device with their smartphone, charging the Reader, and operating the mobile app. A total of 6 issues were resolved asynchronously or in real time via phone; 1 required in-person evaluation and resolution. Preliminary qualitative findings indicate that both the in-person and remote follow-up components of the training program were perceived as acceptable. Suggested improvements included repeated DPS refresher sessions at in-person follow-up visits and enhanced written materials for the independent resolution of technological issues.

Conclusions

A brief two-part DPS training program, drawing from individuals’ experiences and from the Technology Acceptance Model, can provide valuable insights for users. The program also identifies and addresses several areas of actual or potential challenges related to operating a DPS and allows for the resolution of such issues within the first week of DPS use.
A Brief Training Program to Support the Use of a Digital Pill System for Medication Adherence: Pilot Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chai Peter R , Bustamante Maria J , Goodman Georgia , Mohamed Yassir , Najarro Jesse , Sullivan Matthew C , Castillo-Mancilla Jose , Coyle Ryan P , Mayer Kenneth H , Rosen Rochelle K , Baumgartner Susan L , Alpert Pamela E , Boyer Edward W , O'Cleirigh Conall
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Digital pill systems (DPSs), which comprise ingestible radiofrequency sensors integrated into a gelatin capsule that overencapsulates a medication, can directly measure ingestion events.

OBJECTIVE

Teaching users to operate a DPS is vital to ensure the collection of actionable ingestion and adherence data. In this study, we aim to develop and pilot a training program, grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model, to instruct individuals on DPS operation.

METHODS

A two-part training program, comprising in-person and text message–based components, was used with HIV-negative men who have sex with men with nonalcohol substance use, who had enrolled in a 90-day pilot demonstration study using the DPS to measure adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis. We assessed the number of responses to text check-ins, the number and types of episodes where technical support was requested, the resolutions of such issues, and engagement with the program over the study period. Participant feedback on the program was evaluated through qualitative user experience interviews.

RESULTS

A total of 15 participants were enrolled in and completed the program. Seven technical challenges related to DPS operations were reported across 5 participants. Most commonly, participants requested support connecting the wearable Reader device with their smartphone, charging the Reader, and operating the mobile app. A total of 6 issues were resolved asynchronously or in real time via phone; 1 required in-person evaluation and resolution. Preliminary qualitative findings indicate that both the in-person and remote follow-up components of the training program were perceived as acceptable. Suggested improvements included repeated DPS refresher sessions at in-person follow-up visits and enhanced written materials for the independent resolution of technological issues.

CONCLUSIONS

A brief two-part DPS training program, drawing from individuals’ experiences and from the Technology Acceptance Model, can provide valuable insights for users. The program also identifies and addresses several areas of actual or potential challenges related to operating a DPS and allows for the resolution of such issues within the first week of DPS use.
Mobile Health (mHealth) Apps for Self-Management of Depression or Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Robinson Renee , Narsinghani Radhika , Nguyen Elaine
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Depression and anxiety are common mental health disorders. Untreated or unmanaged depression and anxiety can lead to physical and/or behavioral health concerns.
Many people suffering from depression and/or anxiety have inadequate access to health care and supports. Evidence supports that mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) can be beneficial in the management of chronic conditions.

OBJECTIVE

Compare consumer-directed mobile-health applications (mHealth apps)
available for self-management of depression and/or anxiety.

METHODS

A systematic review of 93,849 consumer-apps was conducted using a 3-step
inclusion-criteria. Step-one: available in English, downloadable, and aligned with
established self-management program components. Step-two: defined
depression/anxiety, described symptoms, and discussed greater than 2-management
techniques. Step-three: screened for user-friendliness and self-management
components (n=10). Apps were assessed for readability and validity.

RESULTS

Seventy-percent of mHealth apps incorporated 4-major self-management
components. Eighty-percent of apps described at least three DSM-5 symptoms. Thirty-
three percent of apps were 5-grade-levels higher than general US comprehension
estimates. Only 40% of reviewed apps provided evidence-based self-management
support and only 20% were affiliated with an accredited organization.

CONCLUSIONS

mHealth apps have the potential to reduce barriers to access to mental
health treatment. Further research is necessary to understand how pharmacists can
better support patient self-management of depression/anxiety with mHealth apps.
Market Research of Nutrition and Healthcare Products Industry in China
Authors: Ma Bing , Ma Margaret
Published: April 2021

The nutrition and healthcare products industry is the largest health industry in China except the pharmaceutical industry. Optimistic market prospects, attractive product profits make enterprises face fierce competition, and market research on this industry is imperative. Based on the current situation of the market of the nutrition and healthcare products industry in China and the existing problems in marketing management, this paper analyzes the nutrition and healthcare products market segments and marketing models, also puts forward some suggestions on the development of the nutrition and health products business from the macro and micro levels.
KRIZA KORONAVIRUSA: UTICAJ I IMPLIKACIJE NA (PRE)OBLIKOVANjE KULTURNO-POLITIČKOG IDENTITETA SRBIJE I KINE II
Authors: Stosic Sanja
Published: April 2021

Baveći se pitanjem (pre)oblikovanja kulturno-političkog identiteta Srbije i Kine, u prvom delu rada objavljenom u prethodnom broju časopisa analizirani su različiti aspekti krize koronavirusa i odbrambeni mehanizmi Kine u susretu sa pandemijom. Na osnovu pretpostavke o međuzavisnosti i globalne povezanosti između država koje su direktno povezane sa aktuelnim krizama, u ovom delu rada akcenat je stavljen na proučavanje kako unutrašnje tako i spoljne politike Srbije u odnosu na uticaj i implikacije koje je pomenuta kriza izazvala u državi. Istovremeno, na osnovu holističkog pristupa i sagledavanja odgovora Srbije na posledice krize, analizirana je strategija odbrane protiv pandemije od prvog pa do trećeg talasa, ali i politička kultura Srbije kao jedan od ključnih faktora u izgradnji strateško-političkih praksi neophodnih u procesu prilagođavanja kriznim situacijama i očuvanju nacionalne bezbednosti.
¿La digitalización pasa el mando? Diálogos sobre una posible era posdigital
Authors: Parera Cecilia , Moreira Alejandro
Published: April 2021

El artículo revisa la incidencia de la implementación de nuevas tecnologías en el pensar y el hacer arquitectura, para reconocer que las posiciones iniciales, tanto de entusiasmo como de rechazo, ya se han difuminado. En particular, se interesa por identificar un giro reciente en las reflexiones sobre la ampliación del uso de medios digitales, circunstancia que puede resultar provechosa para enfrentar de manera dialógica los desafíos que enfrentamos como sociedad actualmente. 
Reseñas de libros
Authors: Gisholt Tayabas Alberto , Caparroso Gutiérrez Pamela , García Molina Anna , Ávila Gómez Andrés
Published: April 2021

Reseñas de los libros:

"Capitalismo Gore" de Sayak Valencia 

"Animales arquitectos" de Juhani Pallasmaa 

"Critical Care. Architecture and Urbanism for a Broken Planet" de Angelika Fitz, Elke Krasny y Architekturzentrum Wien, editores 

"Auguste Perret. La Cité de l’atome : le Centre d’études nucléaires de Saclay" de Ana Bela de Araujo 
Editorial 46
Authors: López Uribe Cristina
Published: April 2021

Vivimos en una época en la que lo digital y la realidad percibida –en lugar de la física– cobran más relevancia a cada segundo. La pandemia ha evidenciado las formas en las que el mundo digital se ha vuelto parte natural de nuestro día a día; al mismo tiempo, nos ha demostrado que podemos adaptarnos rápidamente a sus lógicas. Desde marzo de 2020, el uso del internet se duplicó y las plataformas de videollamadas se multiplicaron por diez; al respecto, pocos se han detenido a pensar en lo acostumbrados que estamos ya, en nuestro aislamiento, a ellas, y a socializar y experimentar el mundo sólo a través de plataformas digitales. Todavía falta tiempo para poder determinar todos los cambios que el incremento en el uso de las herramientas digitales del presente periodo histórico traerá para todas las actividades sociales, pero sin duda nuestra atención por el uso de estas tecnologías aumentará. El uso intensificado de las redes sociales y de colaboración modificará la forma como entendemos nuestras disciplinas.

Todas las herramientas que usamos al diseñar nos modifican, e influyen en lo que creamos. Los programas de diseño tienden a favorecer algunas formas y a dificultar otras, razón por la que los objetos diseñados o fabricados digitalmente se muestran como tales. Los CAD-CAM pueden ser vistos como mediadores entre el diseñador y el objeto de diseño, pero funcionalmente son más parecidos a las herramientas físicas, como cinceles y martillos, que a los planos constructivos, y por eso dejan su huella. Son artefactos para diseñar y hacer al mismo tiempo, no herramientas para anotar un conjunto de instrucciones. 

Vistos por muchos como personajes superficiales, formalistas e irresponsables, que proponen arquitecturas imposibles y caras de construir, especialmente equivocadas para un contexto latinoamericano, los arquitectos que abogaron por el diseño paramétrico en los años noventa quisieron anticipar un futuro digital que no sucedió tan rápidamente como lo sugería el crecimiento acelerado de las tecnologías digitales. 

Hoy, gracias a los medios digitales, tenemos un puente que une muy evidentemente nuestras disciplinas. Ante el diseño paramétrico y la impresión 3D, pocos se atreverían a asegurar que el diseño industrial y la arquitectura no están relacionados; lo mismo ocurre con los softwares de análisis de configuraciones espaciales e interconexiones, los cuales unen a la arquitectura, el paisaje y al estudio del entorno urbano. Al inicio del siglo XX, sólo algunos pocos arquitectos se atrevieron a asumir los cambios que la revolución industrial implicaba para el diseño: la producción estandarizada en serie. Un siglo después, por lo menos vale preguntarse, ¿por qué seguimos diseñando así cuando la lógica de producción se está transformando?
Fractalness of land gravity data and residual isostatic anomalies map of Argentina, Chile and western Uruguay
Authors: Miranda Silvia Alicia , Herrada Alfredo Héctor , Pacino María Cristina
Published: April 2021

Gravity anomalies are often strongly influenced by topography, which effect is mitigated through appropriate reductions. Usually, a standard value of 2670 kg/m3 is used for the density of topography in the absence of specific information. However, various methods have been implemented to obtain density of topography estimates directly from the gravity data. A particularly suitable technique for regional scale studies is based on analyzing the fractal nature of gravity anomalies for a particular region.In this paper the fractalness of the onshore gravity anomalies for Argentina, Chile and part of Uruguay is analyzed by using an updated gravity database. The fractal dimensions of the topography and gravity anomaly data were estimated by means of the variogram technique in the spatial domain. As a result of this analysis, it was found that the optimum density for the studied region has a value of 2300 kg/m3. This density was used to prepare a map of isostatic residual anomalies using the Airy-Heiskanen model. The main anomalies recognized on this map were interpreted in relation to the degree of isostatic balance and the densities of rocks near to the surface.
Electrical resisitivity to detect zones of biogas accumulation in a landfill
Authors: Moreira César Augusto , Munhoz Thais , Cavallari Fernanda , Innocenti Helene Lívia Portes
Published: April 2021

Biogas produced in sanitary landfills consists in a potential source, formed by degradation of organic matter, this gas is constituted by CH4, CO2 and water vapor. Sanitary landfills represent important depository of organic matter with great energetic potential in Brazil, although presently with inexpressive use. Estimates for production or maintenance of productive rates of CH4 represent one of the main difficulties of technical order to the planning and continuity of collection systems for rational consumption of this resource. Electrical resistivity measurements are routinuously used in profiling oil wells for the determination of levels with accumulations of oil and gas, facing the contrast among fluids and rocks. This paper aims to evaluate eventual relationship among biogas flow quantified in surface drains of a waste cell in landfill, with characteristic patterns of in depth electrical resistivity. The integration of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) lines allowed for the generation of 3D blocks and a clear distinction among zones of high biogas production, quantified in surface drains, with areas of high resistivity in depth. The results suggest the possibility of use of the method in studies to place drains in areas promising to the collection of biogas for energetic generation in sanitary landfill.
Los usuarios del Archivo Histórico de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Authors: Palomera Parra Isabel , Mendo Carmona Concepción , Villaseñor Rodríguez Isabel
Published: April 2021

Ante el indudable interés de conocer a los usuarios de información y la escasa práctica española en este sentido, especialmente en el ámbito de los archivos, el objetivo fundamental del presente trabajo es conocer las necesidades de información, comportamiento informativo y grado de satisfacción de los usuarios del Archivo Histórico de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, utilizando una metodología cuantitativa basada en un cuestionario. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos está que los escasos usuarios que acuden a este archivo buscan información sobre un personaje a través de la base de datos del centro y están satisfechos con la información obtenida. Entre las conclusiones destaca que existe aún camino por recorrer en torno a la cuestión de si está consolidado el binomio Investigación-Archivos Universitarios y que se deben plantear estrategias acomodadas a las necesidades de los usuarios, adaptando los recursos a los cambios sociales y tecnológicos y siguiendo determinadas líneas de actuación.
Influence of Long-Term Changes in the Large-Scale Sea Level Pressure Field on the Wind Regime and the Wind Stress Curl in the Black Sea
Authors: Shokurova I. G. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia, Kubryakov A. A. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russia, Shokurov M. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: April 2021

Purpose. The paper is aimed at studying the relationship between the wind regime and the wind stress curl in the Black Sea, on the one hand, and the long-term changes in the sea level pressure fields in winter months, on the other. Methods and Results. The data on wind speed and sea level pressure in January – February from the NCEP/NСAR reanalysis for 1948–2018 are used. Based on the 6-hour data, the synoptic conditions accompanied by high and low values of the wind stress curl in the sea were determined. The synoptic situations in which a vast anticyclone is located north and northeast of the sea, and the area of low pressure – to the southwest of the sea in the Mediterranean region, are accompanied by the northeast and east winds, and by the cyclonic curl predominance. On the contrary, passing of the cyclones to the north of the sea and increase of pressure to the southwest are followed by the westerly and southwesterly winds, and by the anticyclonic curl predominance. Extremely high monthly mean values of the cyclonic curl were observed in those years, when the area occupied by the Siberian anticyclone increased and expanded westward, so that the Black Sea was on the southwestern periphery of its spur. Extremely low values of the anticyclonic curl were noted when the Azores anticyclone area expanded to the Mediterranean region. The wind stress curl changes on the multidecadal scales have shown its relation to the global changes in the field of the sea level pressure and the sign of the pressure anomalies at the low latitudes. Conclusions. The opposite sign of the surface pressure anomalies taking place to the northeast and southwest of the sea is accompanied by the highest values of the wind stress curl.
Application of Satellite Data for Retrieving the Light Absorption Characteristics in the Black Sea Waters
Authors: Suetin V. S. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia, Korolev S. N. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: April 2021

Purpose. The work is aimed at studying the effects of light absorption in the Black Sea waters with due regard for the variations of its individual components, and how they are manifested in the NASA archival results of calculating the chlorophyll a concentration obtained by processing satellite data using the universal operational method. Methods and Results. The NASA archival data of the MODIS and SeaWiFS satellite instruments, and the values of the light absorption components (determined by the method of Generalized ocean color inversion model for retrieving marine inherent optical properties (GIOP)) related to yellow substance and phytoplankton were analyzed. In order to avoid possible manifestations of various distortions in the results of determining the remote sensing reflectances of the sea and in the products resulted from application of the GIOP method, only the specially selected and sufficiently reliable test data from two areas located near the Crimea Southern Coast and south of the Danube estuary were used. Conclusions. In the considered examples with low content of chlorophyll a in the seawater, the yellow substance plays a predominant role in light absorption in the spectrum blue part, whereas if the chlorophyll a content is high, the phytoplankton contribution is dominant. The revealed relationship between the light absorption components related to yellow substance and phytoplankton significantly differs from that implicitly preset as a basis of the universal method (applied in NASA for the satellite data operational processing) for determining the chlorophyll a concentration. This, in its turn, is manifested in the fact that the data on the chlorophyll a concentration in the Black Sea stored in the NASA archive may be overestimated in case the chlorophyll a concentration is low, and underestimated – in case it is high.
CICLO PDCA, COM AUXÍLIO DO POWER BI, APLICADO À GESTÃO DA MANUTENÇÃO DE EQUIPAMENTOS LABORATORIAIS DE INDÚSTRIA DE CELULOSE
Authors: FARIA GUSTAVO NÁZARO LOPES DE , Longhini Tatielle Menolli
Published: April 2021

Este estudo foi desenvolvido em uma indústria de celulose, dado o aumento dos custos de manutenção dos equipamentos laboratoriais e ausência de indicadores para acompanhamento do desempenho. Diante disso, foi aplicada a metodologia PDCA, com apoio das ferramentas da qualidade, para levantar causas e soluções para o problema. Foram criados indicadores e reunidas informações através de observações, acesso a atas de reunião e coleta de dados de softwares e procedimentos da empresa. Foi elaborado um relatório ano software Power BI®, que conta com dashboards dinâmicos para acompanhar os indicadores criados. Com a implementação do PDCA, verificou-se melhoria no controle das manutenções dos equipamentos laboratoriais, sendo que alguns registravam índice de indisponibilidade acima de 60% ao ano, bem como foram identificados os principais motivos de avaria e custos com manutenções externas, anteriormente desconhecidos. Através do relatório, observou-se melhor tomada de decisão na gestão e aquisição de equipamentos.
ARTISTAS POPULARES DA PRAÇA DO FERREIRA: RESISTÊNCIA DIANTE DA LITTLE BOY BRASILEIRA - FORTALEZA/CE
Authors: Oliveira Mariana Elâni Santos de , Souza Maria de Lourdes Macena de , Girão Luiza Jovina Barbosa
Published: April 2021

Resistir para existir, os artistas populares de Rua da praça do Ferreira são o exemplo de que a continuidade de seus fazeres artísticos são parte da identidade de nossa cidade. Propomos uma reflexão de que a prática desses artistas fazem parte do campo de práticas contra hegemônicas (SANTOS, 2002). Analisamos ainda outros aspectos que conectaram-se as relações dos artistas com seu local de apresentações (DOTE, 2017), demonstrando as influências do passado que impregnaram a praça de vida e potência e transcenderam os aspectos urbanos (PELBART, 2000). A ideia de Arte de subsistência que citamos nesta pesquisa produziu, em nossa visão, intencionalidades pré-existentes antes do período pandêmico, momento em que, muitos pararam e recolheram-se em suas residências, porém, os artistas não puderam ter esse privilégio. Esse fator demarcou socialmente as vidas desses agentes da Arte que resistem à sois, chuvas, vírus mortais, entre outros obstáculos, lutando diariamente por seu espaço de trabalho na Rua e pelo reconhecimento de sua ação como fundamental para o entendimento de nossos processos culturais. Palavras-chaveArtistas Populares de Rua. Arte. Cultura. Praça do Ferreira.
Pronóstico de vida útil remanente en rodamientos con base en la estimación de la probabilidad de la degradación
Authors: Holguín Londoño Mauricio , Orozco Gutiérrez Álvaro Ángel , Álvarez Meza Andrés Marino
Published: April 2021

La demanda de energía eléctrica por parte del sector industrial global solo crece, y se ve afectada fundamentalmente por el hecho que los rodamientos instalados en los motores eléctricos industriales se constituyen en el modo primario de fallo que afecta dicho consumo energético. Por tanto, la demanda de mantenimiento eficiente en motores eléctricos es crítica. Como solución, típicamente se ha empleado el mantenimiento preventivo como filosofía para la gestión de activos donde se busca maximizar la operación mediante inspecciones de rutina con mayor frecuencia cuando se exhiben anomalías, pero esto conlleva a un aumento en la probabilidad de falla debido a la intervención continua y el error humano inherente. Este documento, producto de un proyecto de investigación, presenta un marco integrado de diagnóstico y pronóstico para tratar con la vida útil remanente en rodamientos, con base en la estimación de la probabilidad de la degradación sujeta a modos de fallos definidos y severidades ...