bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
أزمة الحداثة العربية على تخوم المشروع الحضاري البديل
Authors: الشوالي عزوز بن عمر
Published: April 2020

مشروع الاستئناف الحضاري للأُمَّة العربية الإسلامية اليوم هو برنامج تنموي استشرافي، يهدف إلى تقديم رؤية جديدة تستفيد من الرصيد الفكري التليد الذي أنجزته حركة الإصلاح العربية الإسلامية الحديثة على يد أنجب علماء الأُمَّة وخيرة مفكِّريها من أعلام النهضة، أمثال: جمال الدين الأفغاني، ومحمد عبده، وعبد الرحمن الكواكبي، وخير الدين التونسي، وعبد الحميد بن باديس، ومحمد الطاهر بن عاشور، وشكيب أرسلان، ومالك بن نبي، وغيرهم. لكن هذا المشروع لا يُكرِّر التجربة التاريخية لمشروع الإصلاح والنهضة السابق، وإنَّما يعيد قراءته وتوظيفه تبعاً لمستجدات الظروف والسياقات، وبحسب مبدأ اجتناب الإخفاقات التي أغرقت مشروع النهضة، وانتهت به إلى الفشل والجمود. إنَّ هذا المشروع البديل هو رؤية تنموية، ونتيجة منطقية نجمت عن مسار محفوف بالأزمات والإخفاقات التي حالت دون تحقيق النهضة والتحوُّل الحضاري بأدواته الحقيقية ونتائجه الصحيحة.

The contemporary project of the civilizational resumption of the Arab-Muslim nation today is a prospective developmental program aims at presenting a new vision that takes advantage of the intellectual legacy achieved by the modern Arab-Muslim reform movement at the hands of the scholars and thinkers of the Renaissance, such as: al-Afghani, Abdo, al-Kawakibi, al-Tunisiani, Ben Badis, Ben Achour, Chakib Arslan, Malik bin Nabi, and others.

However, this project does not repeat the historical experience of the previous reform and renaissance one, rather it rereads and employs its experience according to the latest circumstances, trying to avoid the failures that plunged the Renaissance project and caused its failure and stalemate. This alternative project is a developmental vision and logical consequence of a path fraught with crises and failures that prevented the realization of the renaissance and the civilizational transformation with its correct tools and results.
سيميولوجيا الفن الإسلامي
Authors: عصفور مازن
Published: April 2020

لم يقتصر دور الفن الإسلامي -بتنوع تقنياته وأساليبه وأشكاله- على التعبير عن جمالية الصنعة، وإنَّما تعدّى ذلك إلى التعبير عن قيم فكرية واجتماعية من خلال لغة الشكل والبناء الفني بوصفه نوعاً من أنواع التجريد النقي، تأسَّس عبر رؤى وفلسفة بصرية إسلامية نابعة من فهم الإسلام نفسه، مُخالِفاً بذلك التجريد الفني الغربي. وبالرغم من أنَّ هذا الفن قد استعاض عن التصوير المجسم بأشكاله وفراغاته ودرجات الظل والنُّور فيه، فإنَّه تمكَّن من تقديم حلول بصرية نقية مجرَّدة زاخرة بالدلالات الاجتماعية والإنسانية عن طريق دوال بصرية نقية، وظَّفها الفنان المسلم في بناء نصوصه البصرية؛ سواء أكانت عمارة، أم زخارف هندسية ونباتية وغيرها.

تهدف هذه الدراسة السيميولوجية إلى رصد الدوال الفنية والدلالات الجمالية ذات الصلة المباشرة بحياة المسلم وحاجاته، بناءً على الفهم العميق للإسلام وفلسفته الوسطية التي تجمع القدسي والدنيوي، وتربط النظرية والتطبيق وتجلِّي حضور تلك الدلالات في النص البصري الإسلامي.

The role of Islamic art - with its various techniques, methods and forms - was not limited to expressing the aesthetics of workmanship. It goes beyond the expression of intellectual and social values through the visual language of form and artistic construction as a kind of pure abstraction. It was founded through Islamic visual visions and philosophy stemming from the understanding of the Islam, contrary to Western artistic abstraction. Although this art has replaced the pictorial figurative painting with its forms, voids, shades and light, it has been able to provide pure visual solutions that are pure and rich in social and human connotations expressed through pure visual elements, which the Muslim artist has employed in the construction of his visual texts, whether it is architecture, geometric decorations, or floral, etc.

This semiological study monitors the artistic and aesthetic signifiers directly related to the life and needs of Muslim, based on a deep understanding of Islam and its moderate philosophy that combines the sacred and the worldly, links theory and practice and uncovers the presence of these connotations in the Islamic visual text.
الرسول الأعظم ( ) قائداً عسكرياً - رؤية قرآنية–
Authors: أ. م. د. عقيل عباس ريكان
Published: April 2020

في بحثنا الموسوم (الرسول الأعظم () قائداً عسكرياً –رؤية قرآنية-) بيّنا فيه الجانب الأبرز في شخصية الرسول () بوصفه قائداً عسكرياً، وسنحاول في هذا البحث إبراز الجنبة العسكرية التي كان يتمتع بها النبيّ الأعظم ()؛ ولكن وفقاً للرؤية القرآنية، إذ إنّ مدار بحثنا في النصوص القرآنية التي أشارت إلى هذا الجانب –قيادته العسكرية-.

    وجاء البحث على مبحثين، تناولنا في المبحث الأول: صفات القيادة العسكرية للنبي الأعظم ()، أما المبحث الثاني: فكان في رؤية الرسول () العسكرية في قيادة الحروب.
A REVIEW: BEHAVIOR OF PITTING CORROSION IN MANUFACTURING FOOD EQUIPMENT
Authors: & et al. Alwan
Published: April 2020

Corrosion is the deterioration or destruction of metals and alloys in the presence of an environment by chemical or electrochemical means. The phenomenon of corrosion behavior studies is three elements include economic, safety and maintenance. Pitting corrosion is a localized form of corrosion by which cavities or "holes" are produced interring the material layer surface. It's considered to be more dangerous than uniform corrosion damage because it is more difficult to detect, predict and design against. Pitting corrosion can produce pits with open holes or covered with a semi-permeable capsule of corrosion products. In this review, we study about the pitting corrosion mechanism and stages in the manufacture food equipment metals in different conditions and environment.
APPLICATION OF SOFT COMPUTING METHODS AND SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE DATA FOR WHEAT GROWTH MONITORING
Authors: & et a Sharabiani l.
Published: April 2020

Technology of precision agriculture has caused to the remote sensors development that compute Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) parameters. Vegetation indices obtained from remote sensing data can help to summarize climate conditions. Artiﬁcial Neural Networks (ANNs), as a soft computing methods, are one of the most efﬁcient methods for computing as compared to the statistical and analytical techniques for spectral data. This study was employed experimental radial basis function (RBF) of ANN models and adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to design the network in order to predict the soil plant analysis development (SPAD), protein content and grain yield of wheat plant based on spectral reflectance value and to compare two models. Results indicated that the obtained results of RBF method with high average correlation coefficient (0.984, 0.981 and 0.9807 in 2015 for SPAD, yield and protein, respectively and 0.979, 0.9805 and 0.984 in 2016) and low RMSE (0.271, 103.315 and 0.111 in 2015 for SPAD, yield and protein, respectively and 0.407, 105.482 and 0.121 in 2016) has the high accuracy and high performance compared to ANFIS models.
INDUCTION OF RHAMNOLIPID PRODUCTION BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA A3 USING CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MUTAGENIC FACTORS
Authors: & et al. Faqri
Published: April 2020

This study was depend to select Pseudomonas aeruginosa A3 as a good producer of rhamnolipid (RL) biosurfactant after screening on agar plate where it was able to biosynthesize 4.3 g/L with emulsification index 52% and reducing the surface tension of water to 33.2 mN/m. Therefore, this study was aimed to increase the production of biosurfactant from selected isolate by exposure to several physical and chemical mutagenic factors like gamma radiation, nitrosoguanidine, ethyl methane sulfonate and lithium chloride. The results were shown that 0.2 g/L of nitrosoguanidine was the best mutant for increasing the production to about 2 folds (9.4 g/L) after 15 mins exposure to this material, as well as the emulsification index and surface tension of water were reached to 62% and 26.1 mN/m, respectively, comparing with non-mutant isolate. Also, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and critical micelle dilution (CMD) of produced rhamnolipid were reached to 120 mg/L and 100 fold, respectively. The optimum conditions of RL production from mutant isolate were determined as 34ºC a best temperature, 6.5 optimum pH and incubation period of 108 h where the production was reached to 10.6 g/L and emulsification index 64% with surface tension of water 26 mN/m. characterization study of purified RL by using thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis indicated that it was composed of a mixture of mono and di-rhamnolipid.
Review of the international consensus guidelines for the optimal use of the polymyxins
Authors: Eliseeva Ekaterina V. , Azyzov Ilya Sulejmanovich , Zubareva N.A.
Published: April 2020

Polymyxins are often the only agents that remain in vitro active against extensively resistant bacterial pathogens. However, the use of polymyxins is compromised by the number of unresolved issues, including the technical aspects of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters, optimal dosing regimens, and combined use with other antibiotics. All of the aspects of polymyxin use are discussed in detail in recently published «International consensus guidelines for the optimal use of the polymyxins», that was endorsed by the following professional societies: American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), International Society for Antiinfective Pharmacology (ISAP), Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP).
To stop the progress of antimicrobial resistance today means to give a chance of mankind surviving tomorrow
Authors: Kozlov Roman S. , Golub Alexey V.
Published: April 2020

Antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge for human society. Scientists around the world are trying not to return to the time when antimicrobials were not yet discovered, and millions of people were dying from infections. This article describes the current state of the antimicrobial resistance problem in Russia as well as the ways to solve it.
Benang Merah dan Jalan Berbeda: Pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia dan Malaysia
Authors: Darmadi Dadi
Published: April 2020

Azmil Tayeb. 2018. Islamic Education in Indonesia and Malaysia: Shaping Minds, Saving Souls. New York: Routledge.Many studies have been done to compare the similarities and differences of institutional systems in two or more countries, but not all of them succeed in describing in detail what, how and why the things being studied are the same or different. This very interesting book with a broad scope covers this challenge quite convincingly. Namely, there are common threads in the Islamic education system in Indonesia and Malaysia, but some of these factors are the reasons why the two religious education systems then take different paths: (1) the ideological factors that oversee it, (2) the forms of Islamization that create different responses to the state, and (3) the central government’s control of resources that influence central-regional relations. The author successfully presents a complex but vivid nuance of how Indonesia and Malaysia, which are geographically and culturally close, have eventually displayed different faces of Islamic education.
IMPACT OF SHIP'S BALLAST WATER ON INVASIVE SPECIES OCCURRENCE, AND AS A CONSEQUENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH: A SHORT REVIEW
Authors: Kholdebarin A. , Mozaffari N. , Vambol V. , Vambol S. , Mozaffari N.
Published: April 2020

Water is one of the main ways of transportation. The reduction of water pressure on the ship hull, controlling ship submergence, compensate for the impact of losing weight from fuel or water consumption, help to the existence of lateral balance and stability are the factors that show all ships need ballasting. Ballast water contains a large number of organisms from different species, which are in different life stages (egg, Larvae, Cysts, Spores, or adult). These aquatic invasive species cause damage to fisheries, aquaculture, water supply system, industrial infrastructure, biodiversity, and habitat. The study aims to review open information sources and analyze them to identify the Impact of ship's ballast water on invasive species occurrence, and as a consequence on environmental and public health effects. The search for sources was carried out for the keywords «ballast water», «ecology», «environment», «public health» and «invasive species», as well as for various combinations of these words through the Google Scholar. Restrictions in the search for sources amounted to: since 2005 and in relevance. The features of one of the reasons for the spread of invasive species and negative environmental consequences for aqua systems and public health are studied. The study's practical value lies in the fact that the study results can be used to train workers from water transport and ensure the environmental safety of aqua systems. Predation, parasitism, competition, the introduction of new pathogens, genetic changes, habitat alterations, species shift, and loss of biodiversity are the most important ecological impacts. Exotic species, which are often brought with ballast water, cause change to ecosystem function by changing in a nutrient cycle and a decrease in water quality. It is established that some invasive species including Vibrio Cholera and Giardia duodenalis that are transported by ballast water also affect the public health by increasing the risk of pathogens and parasitism.
ANALYSIS OF AIR PASSENGER TRANSPORT IN EUROPE
Authors: Moreno Justo de Jorge
Published: April 2020

This article presents a set analysis of European airlines. The main results reveal that ARIMA models have better performance than the Holt-Winters method in time series of Revenue Passenger Kilometres in nineteen airlines members of the Association of European Airlines (AEA). Only seven airlines have been influenced by the September 11th terrorist attack, SARS and the ash crisis, while none of the analysed airlines has been influenced by the economic crisis that began in 2008. The results obtained might suggest, on the one hand that airlines can find the flexibility to meet demand, despite their difficulty to adjust capacity. On the other hand, given the heterogeneity of resources and flight destinations, the business environment does not affect the airlines in the same way or with the same intensity.
PAKISTAN'S NATIONAL AVIATION POLICY (2015) FLIGHT PATH, CROSS WINDS & OFF-COURSE
Authors: Mughni Wali
Published: April 2020

Pakistan is an emerging economy where the aviation policy, promulgated in April 2015, was designed to dramatically boost aviation activities, which in turn was expected to enhance the country’s economy. Ownership and market access liberalization, stringent adherence to international standards, subsidies, taxes and duty exemptions/reduction, emphasis on education, investor friendly environment, greater safety and security assurance, and above all, travel and business friendly culture was the strategic direction that Pakistan’s forward looking National Aviation Policy anticipated to achieve. Well after a year of promulgation, poor internal and external stakeholder buy-in of the policy continues to mar expectations of the industry’s stability, growth and prosperity. This paper critically looks at stakeholder apprehensions and suggests possible remedial measures that may be adopted for a course correction.
FULLFILMENT: SEBUAH TINJAUAN HISTORIKAL-TEOLOGIS
Authors: Supriadi Made Nopen
Published: April 2020

The study of eschatology is inseparable from the concept of fulfillment. What will be fulfilled at the end of time? Then who is the person who will fulfill everything at the end of time? Therefore, to give an understanding to believers about the teaching of fullfilment, this paper will explore Biblically and formulate systematically by looking at the views of the theologians who wrote the topic.
EVALUASI TEOLOGIS TERHADAP RASISME
Authors: Supriadi Made Nopen
Published: April 2020

The term race has been applied to humans, so humans began to group themselves among their races, then the emergence of the superiority of the human race against other races is often called racism. Is this really the case of humans, does the Bible agree that humans are divided into racial concepts, how does the Bible state the creation of man against the facts of the human race. Therefore, through this paper will write how God views the reality of the human race.
MERAJUT KESATUAN DALAM KEBERAGAMAN DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN TEOLOGIS UNTUK MENGAMALKAN SILA “PERSATUAN INDONESIA”
Authors: Kadarmanto Mulyo
Published: April 2020

This paper aims to discuss and address the phenomenon of unity and unity in Indonesia. Where there have been many events, parties or groups that have tried to undermine the phenomenal unity of the Indonesian people lately. By exploring the theological biblical foundation it is hoped that it can strengthen the foundations of the principle of Indonesian unity, to find a theological basis and be expected to draw implications and relevance for the church to build its participation in realizing Indonesian unity, for the sake of the continuity of Indonesia which is unity in diversity.
EVALUASI TEOLOGIS PANDANGAN KARL BARTH TENTANG PENYATAAN UMUM
Authors: Supriadi Made Nopen
Published: April 2020

Humans know God because God reveals himself. The Bible records two ways that God revealed Himself, namely through general revelation and special revelation. God has established public revelations through the means of the universe, conscience and history, so that through these means humans realize the existence of a divine and authoritative person. However, a theologian named Karl Barth rejects the existence of a general statement to be able to know God. Therefore through this paper we will explain general revelation and theological evaluation of Karl Barth's views on public revelation.
Isolated Bilateral Microspherophakia With Giant Retinal Tear and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Pal Nikhil , Sharma Yog Raj , Azad Rajvardhan , Chandra Parijat
Published: April 2020

We report an unusual case of isolated bilateral microspherophakia with giant retinal tear and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a 10-year-old boy. Uneventful vitreoretinal surgery was performed in both eyes.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
2005;42:238–240.
Ocular Injuries in Children After Major Trauma
Authors: Garcia Tracey A. , McGetrick Betty A. , Janik Joseph S.
Published: April 2020

Objective:

To determine the variety of ocular injuries sustained by children during major trauma.

Subjects and Methods:

The pediatric trauma registry of The Children's Hospital in Denver, Colorado, was surveyed for children with ocular injuries and an Injury Severity Score higher than 15. The injuries were tabulated and correlated with mechanisms of injury to determine identifiable injury patterns.

Results:

In a pediatric trauma center, ocular injuries were nearly twice as frequent among children with major trauma (Injury Severity Score > 15). Two-thirds of the children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 had been involved in a mishap with a motorized or a nonmotorized vehicle. Ocular injuries in children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 were characterized by fracture of the surrounding bony structures and contusions. Children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 had 50% to 80% fewer open wounds of the ocular adnexa and eyeball than did children with an Injury Severity Score of 15 or lower. The one optic nerve injury and two-thirds of the other ocular cranial nerve injuries occurred in children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15.

Conclusions:

Serious ocular injury should be suspected in children involved in a motor vehicle accident who have an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 and fractures of the surrounding bony structures, contusions, or both. Absence of an open wound of the ocular adnexa or eyeball does not eliminate the possibility of serious ocular injury.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
2005;42:349–354.
Abstracting Transnational Celebrity (and Sell) on a Social Video Sharing Platform
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: April 2020

The rise of social video sharing internationally has enabled talented individuals to share user-generated video contents that attract audiences (viewers who engage in “views”) and followers (“subscribers” to the channel) and enable income generation as “influencers” (once a particular threshold of an audience population has been reached). Such individuals usually promote particular interests, whether these are commercial markets or political entities. The cultivating of a transnational image and the making of an international celebrity require some foundational approaches. From the collection of videos shared by a young American artist/illustrator and social influencer, this work abstracts insights about the strategies and tactics behind the making of transnational celebrity based on both empirics and abductive logic.
Gait Recognition Using Deep Learning
Authors: Liu Chaoran , Yan Wei Qi
Published: April 2020

Gait recognition mainly uses different postures of each individual to perform identity authentication. In the existing methods, the full-cycle gait images are used for feature extraction, but there are problems such as occlusion and frame loss in the actual scene. It is not easy to obtain a full-cycle gait image. Therefore, how to construct a highly efficient gait recognition algorithm framework based on a small number of gait images to improve the efficiency and accuracy of recognition has become the focus of gait recognition research. In this chapter, deep neural network CRBM+FC is created. Based on the characteristics of Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) fusion, a method of learning gait recognition from GEI to output is proposed. A brand-new gait recognition algorithm based on layered fu-sion of LBP and HOG is proposed. This chapter also proposes a feature learning network, which uses an unsupervised convolutionally constrained Boltzmann machine to train the Gait Energy Images (GEI).
Continuous User Authentication on Touchscreen Using Behavioral Biometrics Utilizing Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Sarhan Amany , Ramadan Ahmed
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, touchscreen mobile devices make up a larger share in the market, necessitating effective and robust methods to continuously authenticate touch-based device users. A classification framework is proposed that learns the touch behavior of a user and is able afterwards to authenticate users by monitoring their behavior in performing input touch actions. Two models of features are built; the low-level features (stoke-level) model or the high-level abstracted features (session-level) model. In building these models, two different methods for features selection and data classification were weighted features and PCA. Two classification algorithms were used; ANN and SVM. The experimental results indicate the possibility of continuous authentication for touch-input users with higher promises for session-level features than stroke-level features. Authors found out that using weighted features method and artificial neural networks in building the session-level model yields the most efficient and accurate behavioral biometric continuous user authentication.
Health Challenges for Rural Families
Authors: Xu H. Daniel
Published: April 2020

This chapter discusses the key health challenges faced by rural families, the major national policies and programs for rural health, and the process and political context of policymaking for rural health. It first provides an overview of the health condition in rural areas and health disparities as well as their linkage to poverty in rural communities, followed by an overview of the existing government health policies and programs for rural areas and a critical analysis of the federalist system in health policymaking. Then it offers a brief overview of the American federalism and major decision-making models for health policy and discusses their application to health policy decision-making in the United States. The last part concludes by providing policy recommendations for addressing health challenges for rural families and children. It is hoped that this chapter will help professionals in social, health, and human services understand the complexity of addressing health challenges faced by many rural families and children through policy and program interventions.
Home-School Pathways
Authors: Fox Kathy Renita
Published: April 2020

Teachers who are informed about the children, families, and communities where they teach are better prepared to share resources and advocate for gaps in literacy and other services in rural communities. Despite the importance of home-school partnerships for children's academic success, aspects of parent involvement and community engagement are often omitted from teacher preparation programs. As a result, many new teachers do not feel adequately prepared to work with families. A variety of strategies are needed for teachers to successfully engage families from diverse cultures and in communities where they teach but not live. Included in this chapter are practices that university teacher preparation programs can initiate to better train teachers to look for engagement opportunities in their school communities.
Effect of GLCM Texture Features on the Medio-Lateral Oblique (MLO) View of Digital Mammograms for Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Usha N.  , Sriraam N.  , Kavya N.  , Hiremath Bharathi , Pujar Anupama K , Ravi Prabha , Jain Aditi , Venkatraman B.  , Menaka M.
Published: April 2020

Breast cancer is one among the most common cancers in women. The early detection of breast cancer reduces the risk of death. Mammograms are an efficient breast imaging technique for breast cancer screening. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) systems reduce manual errors and helps radiologists to analyze the mammogram images. The mammogram images are typically in two views, cranial-caudal (CC) and medio lateral oblique (MLO) views. MLO contains pectoral muscles (chest muscles) at the upper right or left corner of the image. In this study, it was removed by using a semi-automated method. All the normal and abnormal images were filtered and enhanced to improve the quality. GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) texture features were extracted and analyzed by changing the number of features in a feature set. Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM) was used as classifier. The classification accuracy was improved as the number of features in GLCM feature set increases. Simulation results show an overall classification accuracy of 96.7% with 19 GLCM features using SVM classifiers.
IoT-Based Smart Home Process Management Using a Workflow Approach
Authors: Ouldkablia Mohammed Eldjilali , Kechar Bouabdellah , Bouzefrane Samia
Published: April 2020

The new concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) is bringing new forms of knowledge and applications that rely on smart objects able to sense and process the collected data on a remote workflow server in the perspective to generate automated decisions. In this context, one of the main problems is how to schedule the data flow circulating between objects, and between objects applications. The cooperation between these objects is a promising solution to meet this challenge. Business process management (BPM) is the most adapted way to carry out data management thanks to workflow processes. To this end, a new semantics operator which the authors call a gateway for intelligent process scheduling of IoT (GIPSIT) is proposed as a semantic gateway enabling the management of data flows circulating between the connected objects of IoT. The researchers validate their approach based on GIPSIT operator by implementing a realistic eHealth based-scenario in a Smart Home. The obtained findings showed clearly the importance of this new operator in the context of IoT.
CHARACTERIZATION AND CORRELATION OF THE NETWORK CHAIN DENSITY TO THE PROPERTIES OF FLUOROELASTOMER RUBBER
Authors: Boyd M. , Therrien I. , Pazur Richard. J.
Published: April 2020

The concentrations of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) in a peroxide-curable fluoroelastomer terpolymer containing 67 wt% of fluorine were varied to generate compounds of differing crosslink densities. Experimental analysis was undertaken using rheometry, hardness, stress–strain (Mooney–Rivlin), equilibrium solvent swell, and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) using the double quantum (DQ) technique. Increasing the TAIC concentration caused a systematic rise in rheometry elastic torque, hardness, and tensile strength, whereas both elongation at break and swelling levels decreased. These results are concurrent with an enhanced overall level of crosslinking, which was confirmed by the steady increase of the Mooney–Rivlin C1 values. DQ NMR analysis using hydrogen and fluorine probes and subsequent application of fast Tikhonov regularization to the corrected intensity data were particularly useful in discerning the inhomogeneous nature of the compound morphology. The spatial distribution of the crosslink density suggests that the compound consists of small, highly crosslinked/entangled polymerized TAIC domains embedded within the elastic crosslinked matrix. A concentration of 3 phr of TAIC is optimal according to compression set testing.
Location as a Metaphor and the Use of Ironic Doubling in Tirso de Molina’s Los balcones de Madrid
Authors: Turner Robert L.
Published: April 2020

In Tirso de Molina’s Los balcones de Madrid, the urban space itself acts as a character as the author uses a doubling technique to pair location with types of action. The play takes place in three and a half spaces: Public, Semi-Public, Private, and the titular Balcony. Each space serves a specific function that Tirso highlights through a constant doubling that is intended to reinforce meaning. The author argues that the staging of the play is essential to this use of space and Tirso’s doubling effect. Further, Tirso’s extensive use of stage directions indicates that the play was written with the visual aspects of performance in mind as a means to further his message.
Covid-19: avaliação remota em Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Greenhalgh Trisha , Choon Huat Koh Gerald , Car Josip
Published: April 2020

O que você precisa saber? A maioria dos pacientes com Covid-19 podem ser manejados remotamente com aconselhamento de manejo de sintomas e autoisolamento; Apesar da maioria das consultas poderem ser feitas por telefone, a imagem de vídeo fornece pistas adicionais visuais e a presença terapêutica do profissional de saúde para o paciente; Falta de ar é um sintoma preocupante, embora, hoje, não há ferramenta validada para avaliá-la remotamente;Aconselhamento sobre rede de segurança para o paciente é crucial, uma vez que, alguns pacientes deterioram muito a sua condição de saúde em 2 semanas, mais comumente por pneumonia.
Kandidatenaufstellung zur Bundestagswahl 2017. Untersuchungen zu personellen und partizipatorischen Grundlagen demokratischer Ordnung
Authors: Schüttemeyer Suzanne S. , Pyschny Anastasia
Published: April 2020

The political parties represented in the Bundestag have about 300 .000 active members, from whom all elected officials, from local councils to the European Parliament, are recruited . Due to the ongoing membership decline in parties the pool of eligible candidates is also reduced . In spite of this worrying development and the outstanding importance of the parties’ recruitment function for the stability and functioning of the political system, for the last five decades the candidate selection processes for the German Bundestag have neither been analyzed extensively nor systematically . Hence, the Institute of Parliamentary Research (IParl) addressed this research gap and studied the candidate selection before the German parliamentary elections of 2017 by asking who selects whom in which way and for what reasons in the constituency or for the party lists as candidate for the German Bundestag . The results underline the worrying situation: Not only the personal but also the participatory basis of democracy has been shrinking over time . Although the parties hold membership conventions more often, in 15 years the participation of the electorate from CDU, CSU and SPD declined by 46 percent . Thus, inclusive participation offers are not a universal remedy . Rather, the parties have to make sure that such offers are really used comprehensively .
„Wir gucken zuerst auf uns“ – nur wie lange noch? Parteienwettbewerb bei der Kandidatenaufstellung zur Bundestagswahl 2017
Authors: Kannenberg Oliver
Published: April 2020

The rise of the right-wing populist Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) has changed the German party landscape and challenged the other Bundestag parties . So far, this has not been paid attention to when looking at how parties fulfill their recruitment function, i .e . how they select candidates for elections . This study investigates whether and how the AfD has influenced their rivals’ nomination processes in 2017 . By drawing on guided interviews with members of the selection bodies, strong inertial forces within the established parties in terms of the selection mode became obvious . Similarly, candidates for the Bundestag were largely chosen according to internal party criteria despite increased inter-party competition . Those results notwithstanding there are initial signs that voter-related selection criteria might be weighted stronger in the future . This could be due above all to declining membership figures, changing conditions for competition in the districts and enhanced polarization within the parties .
Avaliação do estado e traço de ansiedade em indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular e assintomáticos
Authors: Pasinato Fernanda , Corrêa Eliane Castilhos Rodrigues , Santos Juliana Alves
Published: April 2020

Diversos distúrbios psicológicos, principalmente o estresse, ansiedade e depressão, podem estar associados com a disfunção temporomandibular (DTM), agindo como importantes colaboradores para a instalação e manutenção desta disfunção. Estados e/ou traços emocionais aliados a fatores estressores de vida podem levar a hábitos disfuncionais orais e conseqüentemente à hiperatividade da musculatura mastigatória, constituindo fatores desencadeantes de dor orofacial. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença do estado e traço de ansiedade em indivíduos assintomáticos e com disfunção temporomandibular. Participaram do estudo 35 voluntários, sendo 20 indivíduos com DTM e 15 assintomát icos. Os participantes foram avaliados para verificação da presença e grau de disfunção temporomandibular (Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca e Índice Anamnésico e Clínico de Disfunção e Estado Oclusal). Após, realizou-se a avaliação do estado e traço de ansiedade por meio do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. Observou-se incidência significativamente maior tanto do estado de ansiedade (43,3 versus 35,7) como do traço (48,1 versus 36,73) de personalidade ansiosa em indivíduos com DTM, quando comparados aos assintomáticos para esta disfunção. Os resultados sugerem que estado e traço de ansiedade podem contribuir para a gênese e perpetuação das disfunções temporomandibulares.
Desempenho agronômico da videira ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ submetida a diferentes épocas de aplicação e concentrações de Prohexadiona de Cálcio
Authors: Würz Douglas André , Marcon Filho José Luiz , Allebrandt Ricardo , Brighenti Alberto Fontanella , De Bem Betina Pereira , Rufato Leo , Kretzschmar Aike Anneliese
Published: April 2020

Devido à falta de informações consistentes em relação a aplicação de Prohexadiona de Cálcio em videira, tem-se como objetivo deste trabalho avaliar o efeito de diferentes épocas de aplicação e concentrações de Prohexadiona de Cálcio no desempenho vitícola da cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon cultivada em regiões de altitude elevada de Santa Catarina. O presente estudo foi realizado durante a safra 2014/2015. As aplicações ocorrem em diferentes épocas e concentrações, sendo subdividas na inflorescência separada, plena florada e 15 dias após a plena florada. Realizaram-se avaliações vegeto-produtivas: área foliar, produtividade, relação área foliar/produção, crescimento de ramo, e parâmetros: pH, acidez total, sólidos solúveis, polifenóis totais, e arquitetura de cacho. A aplicação de Prohexadiona de Cálcio na concentração de 250 mg L-1, realizada na fase de plena florada aumentou em 23% a produtividade da cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon. Este aumento da produtividade esteve relacionado com a maior massa de cacho e com o maior número de bagas por cacho. A Prohexadiona de Cálcio aplicada na fase de inflorescência separada reduz o crescimento dos ramos. Porém devido as condições de excesso de vigor do vinhedo, a redução no crescimento não eliminou a necessidade da realização do desponte dos ramos. Houve redução na massa da baga da cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon com a aplicação de Prohexadiona de Cálcio, característica positiva na elaboração de vinhos tintos. A aplicação de Prohexadiona de Cálcio nas concentrações e épocas utilizadas não influenciaram na maturação tecnológica (Sólidos solúveis, Acidez e pH) da uva Cabernet Sauvignon.
Eficácia de cabines adaptadas na proteção dos operadores de tratores em aplicações de agrotóxicos na cultura da macieira
Authors: Bauer Fernando Cesar , Nagaoka Alberto Kazushi , Moreira Thiago Ezio , Solle Lucas , Tramontin Renan , Solle John , Garcia Luiz Claudio
Published: April 2020

Os turboatomizadores produzem corrente de ar que carrega as gotas pulverizadas auxiliando sua distribuição, contudo, muitas gotas são perdidas para o ambiente. O uso de cabines pode reduzir a exposição do operador. Foram instalados experimentos visando avaliar a exposição dérmica e respiratória potenciais e a eficiência de isolamento da cabine em aplicações de agrotóxicos em pomares de maçã. A calda foi composta por água mais os produtos Mancozeb e Captan (3,0 L ha-1) e Fenitrotion (1,5 L ha-1). Estimou-se a exposição dérmica com uso de absorvente íntimo feminino afixados na vestimenta do operador e no interior da cabine. A determinação analítica foi feita por Cromatografia Líquida em cromatógrafo, com detector de UV-VIS e arranjo específico de diodos. Os analitos foram extraídos por ultrassom, conforme determinação da NBR 10004 e descrito pela Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos Estados Unidos da América. Não foram detectados os comprimentos de onda referentes aos produtos testados até o limite de 200µg kg-1, indicando haver boa vedação e isolamento do operador dentro das cabines testadas.
The State of Cancer Care in America: Impact of State Policy on Access to High-Quality Cancer Care
Authors: Johnson Terrell , Bandini Lindsey A.M. , Martin Kara , Jones Lee , Carlson Jennifer , Walters Ronald S. , Carlson Robert W.
Published: April 2020

Health policy in America has shifted rapidly over the last decade, and states are increasingly exercising greater authority over health policy decision-making. This localization and regionalization of healthcare policy poses significant challenges for patients with cancer, providers, advocates, and policymakers. To identify the challenges and opportunities that lay ahead of stakeholders, NCCN hosted the 2019 Policy Summit: The State of Cancer Care in America on June 27, 2019, in Washington, DC. The summit featured multidisciplinary panel discussions to explore the implications for access to quality cancer care within a shifting health policy landscape from a patient, provider, and lawmaker perspective. This article encapsulates the discussion from this NCCN Policy Summit.
Estado del arte y perspectivas en Realidad Virtual
Authors: Córcoles César
Published: April 2020

El pasado 10 de marzo tuvo lugar en la Facultad de Matemáticas de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya la charla titulada “Estado del arte y perspectivas en Realidad Virtual”, a cargo de la Dra. Carolina Cruz-Neira.

La Dra. Cruz-Neira, con más de diez años de experiencia en el campo, es una de las figuras más relevantes en materia de Realidad Virtual. Probablemente el hecho que más relevancia le haya otorgado es su calidad de inventora de CAVE, un entorno inmersivo de realidad virtual que alteró radicalmente el panorama del campo en el momento de su presentación, en el SIGGRAPH de 1992. CAVE es el resultado de la tesis doctoral de Cruz-Neira, que dirigieron Thomas A. DeFanti y Daniel J. Sandin.

La charla estuvo enmarcada dentro del periodo que la investigadora y emprendedora colombiana está pasando en Barcelona, colaborando con la UPC y la Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
Encapsulated Skin-Ego and Anti-Corporeal Manichaean Myth of Femininity in Transmission
Authors: Mohammadpour-Yazdi Ahmad-Reza , Jandl Martin , Motlagh Abolghasem Esmailpour
Published: April 2020

We propose, within the context of a Skin Model of Ego Development (SMED), that Didier Anzieu’s work of the skin-ego is a useful entry point into understanding the Manichaean mythic view of femininity as creating an encapsulated skin-ego, that tends to enclose the feminine object in a defensive-isolative capsule, through culturally transmitted ideals, shaped by misogyny. Utilizing this perspective, the unconscious and the myth are seen as being, in general terms, intertwined and expressed in epidermal psychoanalytic dialogue. As a result, the psyche and the body are radically split from one another through the dysfunctioning of the skin-ego that is an asexualized phantasmal-mythic dome of ‘womanhood’, which preserves misogynistic norms and ideals and blocks any possibility of femininity as a subjecthood. Moreover, a culturally transmitted myth-fueled psychic alienation is conveyed through a linguistic mythic time machine, which, in turn, results in transmitting a mythic mindset from one generation to another. In this sense, it is of utmost importance to mention that dysfunctional skin-ego leads to dysfunctional thinking ego therein the result is the isolated mind. Encapsulated thinking ego rejects embodiment, spontaneity, and connectedness with anything that has to do with emotional life. To enrich our discussion, the Matrix movies are used to discuss how the Manichaean system of thought is in motion and survives in transmission.
Knowledge Gap of Agri-input Dealers in Farm Production
Authors: Kumar Subodh , Roy Sonam , Atal Ravi , Panda C. K. , Sohane R. K.
Published: April 2020

Agri-input dealers are those who sell farm inputs (fertilizers, seeds, pesticides, etc.) to the farmers and also provide extension services to the farmers. Agri-input dealers are playing a most important role in farm productivity. Most of the Indian farmers are small and marginal farmers having small land holdings and limited resource availability. Hence it is very essential that knowledge related to high quality seeds, fertilizers and chemicals should be provided in raising productivity and income of the farmers by Agri-input dealers. The present study was conducted in Bhagalpur and Vaishali district of Bihar (India) during 2017-19. Data was collected from 120 Agri-input dealers through structured schedule. It was reported that most of the respondents were having secondary level of education and was having experience of 10 to 22 years as an Agri-input dealers. Majority (79.17 per cent) of the Agri-input dealers had received training on insect-pest control measure of different crops. 45.83 per cent of the respondents were having a turn over between 20 to 50 lakhs per annum. It was reported that most of the Agri-input dealers were having less knowledge about the pesticides recommendations, doses, banned pesticides and seed recommendations of various vegetables and cereals. As per the revealed data there is a need of various training programme to be conducted by government institutions and private company to increase the knowledge of the Agri-input dealers. Sensitization of Agri-input dealer is needed regarding health and hygiene.
Application of Ultraviolet Treatment for Paper Production - An Engineering Study
Authors: Dölle Klaus , Goodman Neil , Lawrence William
Published: April 2020

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation systems are a common method of inactivating bacteria in municipal water treatment but has not been applied in a paper mill operations. Determining the feasibility of installing such a system is the purpose of this report. Directly treating a starch solution of sufficient concentration proved impossible as the transmittance required was far too low. Water used in the onsite water recycling facility’s cooling towers had a transmittance over 90% and so was very treatable. Lab scale testing with a designed 15 liter laboratory benchtop ultraviolet treatment system showed that UV treatment can reduce the aerobic bacteria count by two fold for up to 24 hour of operation and significantly lower results for 48 and 72 hour of operation. Therefore, UV treatment can be considered a valuable process for the treatment of cooling tower water.
Spatiotemporal association patterns in a supergroup of Rwenzori black‐and‐white colobus (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) are consistent with a multilevel society
Authors: Miller Alex , Uddin Shahadat , Judge Debra S. , Kaplin Beth A. , Ndayishimiye Dieudonne , Uwingeneye Grace , Grueter Cyril C.
Published: April 2020

Primates display broad diversity in their social organization. The social groups of a few primate species are organized in a multilevel fashion, with large groups composed of multiple, core one‐male units (OMUs). A characteristic of multilevel societies is that the higher levels can include hundreds of individuals. The Rwenzori black‐and‐white colobus (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in the montane forests of Rwanda form supergroups and have been suspected to exhibit multilevel social organization. Here we present the first data on the “anatomy” of a supergroup numbering 500+ individuals. We identified subgroups within the supergroup based on progression data, extracting the social network structure from the time‐stamped spatiotemporal distribution of passing individuals identified to age–sex class, and selecting an optimal time window for each network using the two‐step approach developed by Uddin, Choudhury, Farhad, and Rahman (2017). We detail the existence of core units—multi‐male units (MMUs) with a mean of 1.7 adult males and 3.1 adult females, as well as OMUs, all‐female units and bachelor units composed of adult and sub‐adult males. More than two‐thirds of units are MMUs. These grouping patterns conform to a multilevel society with predominantly multi‐male core units, a social system that has recently also been described for a population of the same taxon in Uganda. Individual identification will be required to corroborate these interpretations.
Nachrichten des Verbandes Biologie, Biowissenschaften & Biomedizin in Deutschland
Authors: Domingo Sheree
Published: April 2020

Wissenschaft & Gesellschaft

Klimawandel: „Hört auf die Wissenschaft!“

Genome Editing
Does corporate social responsibility reporting actually destroy firm reputation?
Authors: Miras‐Rodríguez María del Mar , Bravo‐Urquiza Francisco , Escobar‐Pérez Bernabé
Published: April 2020

Previous research on the effects on corporate social responsibility (CSR) is inconclusive and academics have increasingly discussed the credibility of CSR reporting. Our research analyses the influence of CSR reporting on corporate reputation by considering different scenarios based on companies' CSR consistency, which reflects the coherence between their CSR reporting and CSR commitment. Theoretically, CSR reporting initiatives could be perceived by stakeholders as a substantive or symbolic strategy. Our findings highlight that corporate reputation tends to be negatively affected by CSR reporting, which is generally identified by stakeholders as an impression management strategy (particularly gaining an ‘in accordance’ Global Reporting Initiative level and assurance), although the relationship between CSR reporting and corporate reputation depends on the CSR consistency of a firm. This evidence has direct implications for academics to refine theoretical frameworks as well as for companies and regulators to better understand the effects of CSR reporting.