bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermo-tectonic development of the Wandel Sea Basin, North Greenland
Authors: Japsen Peter , Green Paul F. , Chalmers James A.
Published: April 2021

The Carboniferous–Palaeogene Wandel Sea Basin of eastern North Greenland (north of 80°N, east of 40°W) is an important piece in the puzzle of Arctic geology. It is particularly important for understanding how the Paleocene–Eocene convergence between Greenland, the Canadian Arctic and Svalbard relates to the compressional tectonics in the High Arctic, collectively known as the Eurekan Orogeny. In this study, we present apatite fission-track analysis (AFTA) data and review published vitrinite reflectance data combined with observations from the stratigraphic record to place firmer constraints on the timing of key tectonic events. This research study reveals a long history of episodic burial and exhumation since the collapse of the Palaeozoic fold belts in Greenland. Our results define pre-Cenozoic exhumation episodes in early Permian, Late Triassic, Late Jurassic and mid-Cretaceous times, each involving the removal of kilometre-scale sedimentary covers. Mid-Paleocene exhumation defines the timing of compression along the major fault zones during the first stage of the Eurekan Orogeny, after the onset of sea-floor spreading west of Greenland. Regional exhumation that began at the end of the Eocene led to the removal of most of a kilometre-thick cover that had accumulated during Eocene subsidence and involved a major reverse movement along the Harder Fjord Fault Zone, northern Peary Land. These events took place after the end of sea-floor spreading west of Greenland, and thus, represent post-Eurekan tectonics. Mid–late Miocene exhumation is most likely a consequence of uplift and incision across most of the Wandel Sea Basin study area. The preserved sedimentary sequences of the Wandel Sea Basin represent remnants of thicker strata that likely extended substantially beyond the present-day outline of the basin. We find that the present-day outline of the basin with scattered sedimentary outliers is primarily the result of fault inversion during Eurekan compression followed by deposition and removal of a kilometre-thick overburden.
Online Learning Competencies of Students: Research Results at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
Authors: Bui Van Hong , Huy Pham Xuan
Published: April 2021

The 4th Industrial Revolution gives us a new protocol in learning named “Online learning”, this new kind on learning is special suitable with the quarantine condition cause by COVID-19. However, we are lack of knowledge how to increase results of online learning. This research based on the survey in students who difference in result in the same time using online learning. Thanks for this research, we have some first theories about the competences for students on new learning environment. These theories can be very useful when we want to increase the learning results.
Tamil Character Recognition in Palm Leaf Manuscripts
Authors: R Spurgen Ratheash , M Mohamed Sathik
Published: April 2021

Tamil characters are of historical significance. The shapes of the character and its writing continued to be changed by several reformers in each century until the period of the nineteenth century. The Tamil characters in the palm leaf manuscripts are based on the author's writing style and strokes in use at the time. Reading palm leaf manuscripts is a challenge for the modern generation who are unaware of the character strokes and writing patterns written in earlier times, and the younger generation neglects to read and understand the contents written in palm leaf manuscripts. To read Tamil palm leaf manuscripts it is necessary to remember the shapes of the character that has changed over time and to compare and recognize the characters. This research paper explains how to recognize the Tamil characters written in palm leaf manuscripts by computer. By this research, the Tamil characters can be compared with different strokes and shapes and the exact character can be recognized accurately and quickly.
Selective fusion of structural and functional data for improved glaucoma detection
Authors: Kim Paul Y. , Iftekharuddin Khan M. , Davey Pinakin G. , Holló Gabor , Tóth Martha , Garas Anita , Essock Edward A.
Published: April 2021

This work proposes novel selective feature fusion of structural and functional data for improved glaucoma detection. The structural data such as retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurement acquired by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) is fused with the functional visual field (VF) measurement recorded from the standard automated perimetry (SAP) test. The proposed selective feature fusion exploits correspondence between structural and functional data obtained over multiple sectors. The correlation coefficients for corresponding structural-function sector pairs are used as weights in subsequent feature selection. The sectors are ranked according to the correlation coefficients and the first four highly ranked sectors are retained. Following our prior work, fractal analysis (FA) features for both structural and functional data are obtained and fused for each selected sectors respectively. These fused FA features are then used for glaucoma detection. The novelty of this work stems from (i) locating structure-functional sectoral correspondence; (ii) selecting only a few interesting sector pairs using correlation coefficient between structure-function data; (iii) obtaining novel FA features from these pairs; and (iv) fusing these features for glaucoma detection. Such a method is distinctively different from other existing methods that exploit structure-function models in that structure-function sectoral correspondences have been weighted and, based on such weights, only portions of the sectors are retained for subsequent fusion and classification of structural and functional features. For statistical analysis of the glaucoma detection results, sensitivity, specificity and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) are calculated. Performance comparison is obtained with those of existing feature-based techniques such as wavelet-Fourier analysis (WFA) and fast-Fourier analysis (FFA). Comparisons of AUROC values show that our novel selective feature fusion method for discrimination of glaucomatous and ocular normal patients slightly outperforms other existing techniques with AUROCs of 0.98, 0.98 and 0.99 for WFA, FFA and FA respectively.
Racial differences in the correlations between structural parameters and ocular blood flow in healthy eyes
Authors: Ramezani Koosha , Harris Alon , Siesky Brent , Olinde Carine , WuDunn Darrell , Eikenberry Jennifer , Chu Fang-I , Tobe Leslie A. , Kaskan Betul , Racette Lyne
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to assess differences in the relationship between structural parameters and ocular blood flow between persons of African (AD) and European descent (ED) with healthy eyes.Methods: The relationship between structural and ocular blood flow parameters was assessed in 46 participants (20 AD, 26 ED) with healthy eyes. Disc area (DA), rim area (RA), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured. Retrobulbar blood flow was assessed in the ophthalmic (OA), central retinal (CRA), nasal (NPCA) and temporal short posterior ciliary arteries (TPCA). Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) were assessed. Retinal capillary blood flow was also evaluated. Differences between the correlations were determined using the Fisher r-to-z transformation.Results: Significant differences in correlations were observed between the AD and ED groups in the CRA, where PSV and DA were positively correlated in AD (r=0.43) and negatively correlated in ED (r=-0.36) (Δr=0.79; P=0.01). A similar finding was observed for PSV and RA (AD: r=0.39; ED: r=-0.23; Δr=0.62; P=0.04). In the inferior hemifield for ED group only, percentage of avascular space and RNFL thickness were positively correlated (r=0.51, P=0.01) and mean retinal flow and RNFL thickness were negatively correlated (r=-0.50, P=0.01).Conclusion: The relationship between structural parameters and the blood supply to the superficial layer of the retina was significantly different in the healthy eyes of AD compared to ED. More research is required to show how these differences may affect glaucomatous risk.
Towards a full model for ocular biomechanics, fluid dynamics, and hemodynamics
Authors: Sala Lorenzo , Prud'Homme Christophe , Szopos Marcela , Guidoboni Giovanna
Published: April 2021

This contribution presents an ongoing work to implement a patient-specific mathematical virtual simulator for the eye. The aim is to create a multiscale and multiphysics model for the description of ocular biomechanics, fluid dynamics, and hemodynamics. This instrument may serve to illustrate and estimate some clinically relevant parameters, as well as predict their spatial and temporal evolution adopting forward-looking numerical techniques.
Biomechanical evaluation of central and peripheral Descemet’s membrane endothelial graft
Authors: Romano Vito , Zhuola Zhuola , Chang Zhuo , Steger Bernhard , Levis Hannah J. , Kaye Stephen B. , Akhtar Riaz
Published: April 2021

Corneal endothelial transplant is the gold-standard treatment in cases of corneal endothelial cellular dysfunction. Preparation, delivery, and unfolding of the graft are technically demanding. We assessed the biomechanical behavior of Descemet’s membrane to better understand Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty(DMEK) graft behavior, and to select the right diameter and donor age graft . The biomechanical behavior was tested using atomic force microscopy (AFM) on five corneas unsuitable for transplantation. The peripheral cornea was found to be stiffer than the central cornea (3171.89 MPa and 2837.20 MPa, respectively). The elastic modulus of both the central and peripheral cornea exhibited a trend to decrease with age. In addition, the central cornea becomes stiff er than the peripheral cornea in older patients, while the peripheral cornea was stiff er in younger patients. AFM is a suitable technique for evaluating biomechanical behavior of DMEK graft s. One interpretation of this varied behavior is that the type and quantity of collagen changes with age and location.
A stochastic model of stroma: interweaving variability and compressed fibril exclusion
Authors: Vasta Marcello , Gizzi Alessio , Pandolfi Anna
Published: April 2021

Hyperelastic constitutive models of the human stroma accounting for the stochastic architecture of the collagen fibrils and particularly suitable for computational applications are discussed. The material is conceived as a composite where a soft ground matrix is embedded with collagen fibrils characterized by non-homogeneous spatial distributions typical of reinforcing stromal lamellae. A multivariate probability density function of the spatial distribution of the fibril orientation is used in the formulation of the lamellar branching observed on the anterior third of the stroma, selectively excluding the contribution of compressed fibrils. The physical reliability and the computational robustness of the model are enhanced by the adoption of a second order statistics approximation of the average structure tensors typically employed in fiber reinforced models.
Increasing protected data accessibility for age-related cataract research using a semi-automated honest broker
Authors: Valluripally Samaikya , Raju Murugesan , Calyam Prasad , Lemus Mauro , Purohit Soumya , Mosa Abu , Joshi Trupti
Published: April 2021

Ophthalmology researchers are becoming increasingly reliant on protected data sets to find new trends and enhance patient care. However, there is an inherent lack of trust in the current healthcare community ecosystem between the data custodians (i.e., health care organizations and hospitals) and data consumers (i.e., researchers and clinicians). This typically results in a manual governance approach that causes slow data accessibility for researchers due to concerns such as ensuring auditability for any authorization of data consumers, and assurance to ensure compliance with health data security standards. In this paper, we address this issue of long-drawn data accessibility by proposing a semi-automated “honest broker” framework that can be implemented in an online health application. The framework establishes trust between the data consumers and the custodians by:

1. improving the eiciency in compliance checking for data consumer requests using a risk assessment technique;

2. incorporating auditability for consumers to access protected data by including a custodian-in-the-loop only when essential; and

3. increasing the speed of large-volume data actions (such as view, copy, modify, and delete) using a popular common data model.

Via an ophthalmology case study involving an age-related cataract research use case in a community cloud testbed, we demonstrate how our solution approach can be implemented in practice to improve timely data access and secure computation of protected data for ultimately achieving data-driven eye health insights.
Mathematical modeling highlights from ARVO 2018
Authors: Maki Kara L. , Repetto Rodolfo , Braun Richard J.
Published: April 2021

At the ARVO annual meeting, there is an increasing number of contributions that involve significant mathematical modeling of ocular physiology and procedures. There has long been significant use of statistical methods for understanding data from a variety of in vivo measurements and clinical trials. Beyond these important uses of statistical and mathematical tools, a growing number of researchers are developing mathematical and computational models, often based on fundamental principles from physics, chemistry and mechanics, that provide insights into ocular phenomena. A number of areas had noticeable contributions involving applications of models, such as tear production, tear film dynamics, corneal biomechanics, retinal blood flow, and glaucoma. We list a number of such contributions in this introduction and follow those with five extended abstracts that summarize some of the studies mentioned here.
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND COMMERCE: A CASE STUDY ON TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES AND AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES IN THE SOUTHWESTERN REGION
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Thi Cam , Diep Tung Thanh
Published: April 2021

The more diversified social networks are the more positive impacts on the links in household economic  development. The factors of culture, religion, and ethnicity have a strong influence on the formation of links in production. The case study results in traditional craft villages in Southern Vietnam show that the craft villages of the Khmer are formed based on cultural factors and ethnicity. This affirms the community of Khmer people in economic linkages. In addition, the case study results in the cooperatives also show that religious and ethnicfactors significantly affect to the development of social networks and the formation of links in production. Furthermore, the development of craft villages and cooperatives following the current trend contributes to promoting the formation of modern commercial relationships in the economy.
EFFICIENCY OF SODIUM SILICATE AND CALCIUM SILICATE AGAINST ALUMINUM ON OM7347 RICE SEEDLINGS
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Thao , Pham Nhan Phuoc
Published: April 2021

In this study, calcium silicate and sodium silicate were added to OM7347 rice seedlings grown in artificial aluminum toxicity (AlCl3) conditions. This study was carried out through two experiments to evaluate the effect of sodium silicate and calcium silicate on aluminum resistance in rice planting stage OM7347. Experiment 1, theeffects of aluminum were evaluated at three different levels (AlCl3 50, 100 and 150 mM) on plant growth. Experiment 2, sodium silicate and calcium silicate were added with a concentration of 200 mg/L to aluminumtoxic medium (AlCl3 50 and 100 mM) to evaluate the aluminum poisoning improvement effect of Si compounds. Experimental results showed that rice seedlings were very sensitive to aluminum, and a concentration of 50 mM reduced rice seedlings development. AlCl3 caused lower pH values, decreased chlorophyll a content, plant height and root length were poorly developed resulting in low fresh biomass. In addition, aluminum presentmade root cells lose their integrity and lipid peroxidation occured. However, when sodium silicate and calcium silicate were added to the cultured solution, the pH values of the solution increased, improved plant growth such as shoot height, root length, fresh biomass and especially reduced aluminum toxicity on root morphology of rice seedlings indicated by less of lipid peroxidation and maintained root cell integrity. Silicon supplementsprevented aluminum accumulation in roots and improved secondary root system, root branching.
THE EFFECTS OF SWIRL AND TUMBLE RATIOS ON THE ENGINE PERFORMANCE OF MOTORBIKES
Authors: Truong Men Van , Le Nhan Thanh , Le Quang Thanh
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, motorbikes are still the main and most popular transport in Asian countries, especially, in Vietnam. However, the manifold intake systems in motorbikes are usually designed in a simple structure, which can reduce engine performance and increases fuel consumption in motorbikes. This paper presents the study of the improvement of the intake system in a 125cc motorbike engine to enhance air-fuel mixing quality that can increase the engine performance. The study employs the ANSYS software to obtain an optimal intake systemthrough the tumble and swirl ratios in different simulation cases. Another model wasalso built by Matlab/Simulink to examine the effects of swirl and tumble ratios on engine performance and fuel consumption at various engine speeds. The simulation results show that the modified intake system withan incline angle of 30o has optimal tumble and swirl ratios. Accordingly in conclusion, power output and torque  of the engine with the modified intake system are higher, while  the fuel consumption is lower than previouslyfound.
The Relationship of Inflammation Parameters with Obstruction in Coronary Artery Ectasia
Authors: ÇERİK İdris Buğra , DİNDAŞ Ferhat , ÖMÜR Sefa , YENERÇAĞ Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a coronary artery disease that can progress in a wide clinical spectrum, from asymptomatic cases to stable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome. CAE can present with an acute coronary syndrome without an obstructive lesion. Although many studies comparing isolated CAE with normal coronary arteries and coronary artery disease, CAE patients with obstructive type lesions (obstructive CAE) have never been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to compare obstructive CAE patients and isolated CAE patients in terms of various inflammatory parameters.Materials and Methods: A total of 190 patients were enrolled, including 95 obstructive CAE patients and 95 age and sex-matched isolated CAE patients. All participants were evaluated in the study consisted of patients admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with NSTE-ACS. Systemic inflammatory parameters such as Platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Monocyte/HDL ratio, CRP and sedimentation of the patients, were compared between two groups.Results: CRP value was found significantly higher in obstructive CAE, compared to isolated CAE [5.5 (3.0-9.0) mg/L, 4.0 (3.0-6.0) mg/L (P=0.003) respectively]. PLR value was found significantly higher in obstructive CAE compared to isolated CAE [143±76, 120±45 (p=0.015) respectively]. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, only CRP was an independent predictor of obstruction in CAE [OR:1.075 (1.011-1.142), p=0.021].Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the effects of obstructive lesions on inflammatory parameters in patients with CAE presenting with acute coronary syndrome. We have shown that systemic inflammation is increased in the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease in CAE patients.
Enamel Matris Türevinin (Emdogain®) Dental İmplant Osseointegrasyonu Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BOZOĞLAN Alihan , GÜL Mehmet , DÜNDAR Serkan
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Enamel matris türevinin (Emdogain®) kemik grefti ile karıştırılarak defekt oluşturulan bölgeye uygulanmasından sonra yeni kemik rejenerasyonunun kemik implant kaynaşmasına etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Materyal ve metod: Deneyde toplamda 20 adet sprague dawley rat kullanılmıştır. Herbir grupta 10 adet rat bulunmaktadır. Ratlar, % 55’lik nem ve 22 ±2°C sıcaklık kontrollü bulunan odada bulundurulmuştur. Ayrıca 12 saat aydınlık 12 saat karanlık döngüsünde tabi tutulmuştur. Deneklerin sağ tibiya kemiklerinin metafiziyel kısımlarındaki kortikokansellöz kemiğine kaviteler açıldı. Bu kavitelere 2.5 mm çapında 4 mm uzunluğundaki titanyum implantlar yerleştirildi ve boyun bölgesinde implant boyunun 2 mm’sine tekabül edecek şekilde kontrol grubuna sadece kemik defekti yerleştirildi. Deney grubuna ise kemik grefti ve Enamel matris türevinin (Emdogain®) yerleştirildi. 8 hafta sonra denekler sakrifiye edildi.
Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonucunda kemik implant kaynaşması emdogain uygulanan grupta yüksek bulunmasına rağmen istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark elde edilememiştir. Aynı şekilde glukoz, ast, alt, alp, üre, kreatinin ve kalsiyum seviyeleri değerlendirilmiş ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark elde edilememiştir. Fakat fosfor seviyesinde deney grubunda anlamlı derece bir düşme tespit edilmiştir (p < 0.05).
Sonuç: Emdogain uygulaması greft materyalinin etkisini artırmaktadır ve aynı zamanda implant kemik kontağına olumlu etkisi bulunmaktadır. Fakat 8 haftalık kısa iyileşme periyodunda etkisi sınırlı olmaktadır. Emdogain uygulamasının etkisinin kesin olarak anlaşılması için uzun zamanlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
İki Santimetreden Küçük İzole Böbrek Pelvis Taşlarında Semirijid ve Fleksibl Üreteroskopi Sonuçlarının Karşılaştırması
Authors: BARUT Osman , RESİM Sefa
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızda böbrek pelvisinde izole 2 cm’den küçük taşı olan hastaların tedavisinde semirijid ureteroskopi (S-URS) ve fleksibl üreteroskopi (F-URS) kulanımının etkinlik ve güvenilirliklerini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.Materyal ve Metod: İki cm’den küçük izole böbrek pelvis taşı nedeniyle üreteroskopik taş tedavisi uygulanan toplam 45 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. S-URS tüm hastalara rutin olarak uygulandı. S-URS ile taşlara böbrek pelvisinde erişilebiliyorsa doğrudan holmiyum lazer ile tedavi uygulandı. Taş erişilebilir değilse F-URS yapıldı. Gruplar taşsızlık oranları, operasyon süreleri, hemoglobin düşüşü ve komplikasyonlar bakımından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: 24 (%53,3) hastaya S-URS ve 21 (%46,7) hastaya F-URS yapıldı. İki grup arasında yaş, hidronefroz derecesi, ortalama taş boyutu ve taş tarafı bakımından anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Ortalama operasyon süresi S-URS grubunda 64,62±9,34 dakika, F-URS grubunda 96,43±14,26 dakika idi (p=0,001). Gruplar arasında postoperatif komplikasyonlar açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p=0,548). Postoperatif 1. gün ve 1. ay takipte taşsızlık oranları S-URS grubunda sırasıyla %79,2 ve %83,3 ve F-URS grubunda %80,9 ve %85,7 idi (p=0,768 ve p=0,574).Sonuç: İki cm'den küçük böbrek taşlarında S-URS ve F-URS kullanımının oldukça başarılı ve güvenli yöntemler olduğunu gözlemledik. S-URS özellikle seçilmiş olgularda böbrek pelvisinde taşa sorunsuz bir şekilde ulaşılabiliyorsa uygulanabilecek güvenli bir tedavi yöntemidir.
Penentuan Harga Premium Asuransi Tanaman Sagu di Kabupaten Luwu Menggunakan Copula FGM
Authors: Apriyanto Apriyanto
Published: April 2021

Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah menghitung harga premium asuransi menggunakan Copula FGM. Adapun tujuan utama dari penelitian ini yaitu menentukan harga premium asuransi yang ideal untuk tanaman Sagu di Kabupaten Luwu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan (applied approach) dengan menggunakan data kuantitatif untuk luas lahan dan hasil produksi Sagu di Kabupaten Luwu yang bersumber dari data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dimulai dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan untuk mengkaji konsep dasar Copula dan konsep Copula FGM beserta sifat-sifatnya; mengumpulkan data kuantitatif luas lahan (X) dan hasil produksi Sagu (Y); mengukur dependensi antara luas lahan dan hasil produksi Sagu menggunakan Copula FGM; dan terakhir menentukan harga premium asuransi pertanian (crop insurance) yang ideal. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Harga premium yang ideal berada pada kisaran harga Rp. 24.000 - Rp. 60.000 per Ha; (2) Harga premium asuransi yang ideal untuk tanaman Sagu di Kabupaten Luwu sangat bergantung pada besarnya deductible; dan (3) Harga premium untuk deductible dengan range kecil menghasilkan harga yang relatif lebih murah dibandingkan range deductible yang besar.Kata kunci: Copula FGM; Crop Insurance; Premium Asuransi; Sagu. Determination of Insurance Premium Price for Sago Plant in Luwu Regency Using FGM CopulasABSTRACTThe main focus of this study is to calculate the price of insurance premiums using FGM Copulas. The main objective of this research is to determine the ideal prices of insurance premium for Sago plants in Luwu Regency. This research is an applied approach using quantitative data for land area and Sago production in Luwu Regency sourced from the Central Statistics Agency Data. The stages carried out in this study began by conducting a literature study to examine the basic concepts of Copulas, the concept of FGM Copulas and their properties; collect quantitative data on land area (X) and Sago Production (Y); measure dependencies between land area and Sago production using the FGM Copulas; and finally determine the ideal price of insurance premium for Sago plants. The results of this study are: (1) The ideal premium is in the range of IDR 24,000 to IDR 60,000 per Ha; (2) The ideal premium for Sago plant in Luwu Regency is very dependent on amount of the deductible; (3) The premium for deductibles with small range relatively lower than large range.Keywords: FGM Copulas; Crop Insurance; Insurance Premiums; Sago.
Driving Economic Growth by Promoting Manufacturing in India
Authors: . Mayank , Arya Rachana
Published: April 2021

For driving economic growth at the time of COVID19 pandemic our Prime Minister has given a policy “Make in India: zero defect zero effect”. The aim is to alter the country into a worldwide industrialized hub. He encourages the organizations to manufacture their goods in India. Global industries are invited to formulate investment and locate factories in India and develop their merchandizes. But the question arrived why they will setup their industries? By using India’s extremely capable and skilled workforce, they generate zero defect output. What are the sectors where India can do better? Research for all the parameters are done in this paper. What are the different policies for lower and middle class people and how they will boost up their growth and help to develop the economy? Prime Mistier also focus on “3D” outlook policy: Democracy, demography and demand. Skill expansion programs are especially launched for people of rural cities.
COMPARISON OF CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION WITH THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT IN LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS
Authors: Mallick Pradip kumar , Mukherjee Ushnish
Published: April 2021

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is the most common presentation of lateral elbow pain and quite disabling entity in Musculoskeletal
rehabilitation. Among the various treatment options, therapeutic ultrasound and local steroid injection are commonly used for managing pain in
these patients, but comparative effectiveness of these two treatment procedures are often debated. Aim of Study: To evaluate the efcacy of local
corticosteroid injection versus therapeutic ultrasound regarding pain reduction in patients with Lateral epicondylitis. Method:This interventional
study was conducted on 56 patients of both sexes within the age group of 18-60 years with unilateral Lateral epicondylitis. They were randomly
divided in two groups of same number(28 in each group)- Group-1: managed with local injection of steroid (methylprednisolone-10mg, single
dose) with 2% of 0.5 ml lignocaine and Group-2 : managed with Therapeutic Ultrasound. Improvement of pain was assessed in 0-10 visual
st analogue scale(VAS). Data collected at 0 week (Visit-1 or Pre-initiation), 3weeks (Visit-2 or 1 Follow up), 6 weeks (Visit-3), 12 weeks (Visit-4).
Result: For VAS(pain) score, in both Group-1 and Group-2, there was signicant decrease in subsequent visits (p<0.05). The mean VAS(pain)
score of Group-1 was signicantly lower than that of Group-2 in visit -2(p<0.01), visit-3(p<0.01) & visit-4(p<0.05) indicating better outcome in
Group-1. Conclusion: Both Local Steroid injection (methylprednisolone) & therapeutic ultrasound are effective in pain management of lateral
epicondylitis but Local steroid injection is more effective mostly in early follow up period.
COMPARISON OF TRAMADOLAS AN ADJUVANT TO INTRATHECAL ISOBARIC LEVOBUPIVACAINE FOR ELECTIVE LOWER LIMB SURGERIES UNDER SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: Jangid Shiv Shankar , Chittora S. P. , Mishal Mohammed , Hussain Akil
Published: April 2021

Background: Long acting local anesthetics are used in subarachnoid block to increase the duration of anesthesia. Adjuvants are added to improve
the duration of analgesia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efcacy of tramadol as an intrathecal adjuvant to levobupivacaine in terms
of duration of analgesia, onset of sensory blockade, onset of motor blockade, and duration of motor blockade.
Methodology: After obtaining the Institutional Ethical Committee approval and informed consent, sixty patients posted for infraumbilical
surgeries were recruited. Randomization was done using a sealed envelope technique. Patients were divided into two groups: LTreceived 2.5 ml of
0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine with tramadol 25 mg (0.5 ml) and LS received 2.5 ml of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine with 0.5 ml of normal
saline. Duration of analgesia, onset of sensory blockade, and onset and duration of motor blockade were recorded.
Results: There was no statistical difference in demographic data between the two groups. The mean onset time of sensory blockade in Group LS
was 7.17±3.07 min and for Group LT was 8.53 ± 2.47 min, which was not statistically signicant between two groups (P = 0.064). The mean onset
time of motor blockade in Group LS was 9.76 ± 3.18 min and for Group LT was 11.23 ± 2.47 min, which was statistically signicant between the
two groups (P = 0.050). The mean time duration of analgesia in Group LS was 265.60± 39.18 min and for LT was 304.30 ± 24.88 min. There was
mild prolongation of analgesia in Group LT, but it was statistically signicant (P <0.001). The mean duration of motor blockade in Group LS was
197.93 ± 4.41 min and Group LT was 236.20 ± 33.89 min, which was statistically signicant between the two groups (P <0.001). Conclusion:
Tramadol as an adjuvant to isobaric intrathecal levobupivacaine does prolong analgesia signicantly.
Pensamiento reflexivo en la formación práctica de los maestros
Authors: Ortiz Ortiz Mary Luz
Published: April 2021

El pensamiento reflexivo   en   el   marco   de la formación práctica de los maestros le permite al sujeto aprender de la experiencia y racionalizar este para aplicarlo en un contexto real. El escrito es el resultado de una tesis doctoral que busca comprender el desarrollo del pensamiento reflexivo en la formación de los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Informática y Tecnología de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, en el escenario de la práctica pedagógica. Presenta la discusión de varios autores frente al pensamiento reflexivo, su formación como una habilidad superior de pensamiento y delibera sobre algunas estrategias para generar una práctica reflexiva que favorezca los procesos de aprendizaje. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y aplica el método fenomenológico hermenéutico expuesto por Van Manen con el propósito de determinar el sentido pedagógico de los fenómenos educativos vividos por un grupo de estudiantes de décimo semestre de la Licenciatura en Informática y Tecnología durante la práctica pedagógica. Se identificó que este tipo de pensamiento desarrolla habilidades para comunicar, construir, indagar y expresarse, se fundamenta en la curiosidad innata del sujeto y favorece los hábitos de exploración, investigación, capacidad de análisis y disertación sobre los hechos observados; así mismo, varios autores coinciden en que el pensamiento reflexivo se da en distintos momentos o fases, que responden a la situación o contexto del sujeto en formación. El documento concluye con una reflexión sobre la necesidad de estimular el pensamiento reflexivo en todos los niveles de formación.
Características de los estudiantes emprendedores de pregrado pertenecientes a las sedes Neiva y La Plata de la Universidad Surcolombiana
Authors: Hémbuz Falla Germán Darío , Sánchez Avilés Ana María
Published: April 2021

El emprendimiento es, de acuerdo con expertos en el tema, uno de los pilares que permitirá el desarrollo económico de las sociedades, ya que son estos los que exploran las oportunidades de mejorar su entorno a partir de la satisfacción de las necesidades de este. A partir de una investigación enfocada en determinar cuáles son las características de los estudiantes emprendedores de   pregrado   pertenecientes a las sedes Neiva y la plata de la Universidad Surcolombiana, se encontró que hay patrones concretos   de   mentalidad   y   pensamiento que permiten el desarrollo de los nuevos emprendimientos, y rasgos específicos que, de ser replicados, contribuirían a la construcción de mejores planes de formación en emprendimiento.
Smile room: a plataform for the practice and reinforcement of listening EFL
Authors: Gil Fernández Alejandra , Sanabria Cristian Camilo , Ramírez Valencia Astrid
Published: April 2021

During the process of teaching English as a foreign language, a lack of practice was identified in the listening skills in the educational processes of the child population. The objective of this study was the creation of the Smile Room virtual resource, and its subsequent application to analyze the influence of this type of multimedia content on learning processes and improving listening comprehension through virtual English classes. This study considered the theories of The New London Group (1996), Kress (2010), Brown and Yule (1983), Ur (1984), among others. Multimodality is established   as   a   means of rendering content through multimedia elements. Along with teaching strategies whose stimuli start from everyday life can facilitate the development of listening skills. Three instruments were applied in this research: class journals, student artifacts, and virtual resource analysis. Finally, the analysis of the data allowed to show important factors in terms of the learning phase of the child population, as well as information on significant cognitive and behavioral aspects for future studies.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Profesional Guru Terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Di Kecamatan Krangkeng Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Suebudin Marfua
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk kompetensi profesional terhadap kinerja guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) di Kecamatan Krangkeng Kabupaten Indramayu.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 88 guru. Dari populasi tersebut diambil sampel sebanyak 88 guru. Objek penelitian berupa kompetensi profesional dan kinerja guru. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Januari - Februari 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kompetensi profesional terhadap kinerja guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) di Kecamatan Krangkeng Kabupaten Indramayu dengan koefisien korelasi (r). 0,237, koefisien determinasi (r2) 0, 56 dan harga t hitung 2,260 lebih besar dari t tabel 1,99. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan Kompetensi Profesional terhadap Kinerja Guru SMK di Kecamatan Krangkeng  Kabupaten Indramayu.
Penggunaan Gaya Bahasa dan Aspek Sosiologi pada Buku Politik Dakwah Dalam Nada Rhoma Irama Karya Moh. Shofan
Authors: Wikasari Evi
Published: April 2021

Penggunaan Gaya Bahasa, Aspek Sosiologi yang terdapat pada buku Politik Dakwah dalam Nada Rhoma Irama karya Moh. Shofan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui data empirik tentang Gaya Bahasa pada buku Politik Dakwah dalam Nada Rhoma Irama karya Moh. Shofan, selain itu tujuan penelitian berharap agar para pendengar lagu Rhoma Irama mendapatkan pengetahuan mengenai Gaya Bahasa serta gejala sosial yang terjadi dalam kehidupan manusia. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu dengan menganalisis data yang menjadi fokusnya. Seluruh subfokus dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan lagu yang terdapat pada buku Politik Dakwah dalam Nada Rhoma Irama karya Moh. Shofan. Setelah analisis dilakukan, dapat penulis simpulkan bahwa peristiwa Gaya Bahasa pada buku politik Dakwah dalam Nada Rhoma Irama karya Moh. Shofan sebanyak 66 Gaya Bahasa yang terdapat pada lirik lagu di dalam buku tersebut. Gaya Bahasa Perulangan yang paling banyak muncul, sebanyak 38 kali dengan persentase (57,57%). Gaya Bahasa kedua adalah Perbandingan sebanyak 17 kali dengan persentase (25,75%). Gaya Bahasa ketiga adalah pertentangan sebanyak 7 kali dengan persentase (12,12%). Gaya Bahasa keempat adalah Pertautan sebanyak 3 kali dengan persentase (4,45%).
Kesadaran Patriotik di Kalangan Mahasiswa
Authors: Hanifa Syakira , Anggraenie Dewi Dinie
Published: April 2021

Cinta tanah air dan bangsa adalah salah satu dari perwujudan jiwa patriotik yang sangat penting dan harus di kembangkan pada generasi penerus bangsa, tidak terkecuali para mahasiswa. Sebab saat ini jiwa patriotisme sudah mulai memudar pada generasi muda. Maka penulis melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai bagaimana kesadaran patriotik di kalangan mahasiswa saat ini dan memberikan contoh upaya-upaya  yang bisa dilakukan bersama untuk membentuk warga negara yang cinta pada tanah airnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif, melalui kueisioner yang diajukan pada sejumlah mahasiswa dan metode studi pustaka, melalui berbagai sumber yang relevan dengan penelitian. Hasilnya membuktikan bahwa tidak sedikit mahasiswa  yang kurang memiliki jiwa patriotisme. Hal ini bisa dibuktikan dengan lebih dari 60% mahasiswa yang lebih memilih budaya luar daripada budaya Indonesia. Padahal, seharusnya untuk membuktikan rasa cinta terhadap tanah air, sebagai perwujudan sikap patriotisme mahasiswa harus lebih mencintai budaya asli bangsa Indonesia.
Peran Kepemimpinan Visioner yang Melayani dalam Mendidik dan Menghasilkan Calon Pemimpin yang Memiliki Karakter Kuat pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Hendrawan Ari Yunus , Mambang Mambang , Hati Waruwu Riang , Pebrianti Eva Wulani
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan peran kepemimpinan visioner dalam menghasilkan calon pemimpin atau guru yang mempunyai karakter yang kuat pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dan mengetahui kendala apa saja yang dihadapi dan solusi atau upaya apa yang dilakukan oleh kepemimpinan visioner dalam mendidik dan menghasilkan calon pemimpin yang kuat dan berkarakter.  Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan analisis document.  Validitas data yang digunakan adalah dengan teknik triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis interaktif mengalir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Peran kepemimpinan visioner dalam pembinaan calon pemimpin masa depan yang tangguh dilaksanakan sesuai dengan berbagai tahapan tindakan kepengurusan.Tahapan tersebut antara lain: (a) Pemimpin visioner menyusun visi dan misi Organisasi berperan sebagai inspiratif, motivator dan konsultan, membimbing visi dan misi agar sejalan dari konsep awal; (b) Peran pemimpin visioner dalam menyebarkan visi dan misi Organisasi baik secara langsung atau melalui berbagai media (c) Peran visioner Pimpinan dalam melaksanakan visi dan misi Organisasi dicapai dengan pemberdayaan Pemimpin yang lain, untuk memaksimalkan kebijakan di bidangnya masing-masing; (d) Pimpinan visioner mengevaluasi pelaksanaan visi dan misi Organisasi dengan menggunakan teknik evaluasi berdasarkan pelaku dan berdasarkan waktu; Kendala yang dihadapi para pemimpin visioner dalam membina calon pemimpin yang bertalenta kuat dan cerdas di Organisasi antara lain: (a) Pemikiran orang yang dipimpin dalam memahami visi dan misi pembinaan pemimpin akhlak yang tangguh dan cerdas Perbedaan kemampuan; (b) Adanya konflik dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada, sehingga rencana kerja tertentu kurang lancar untuk dilaksanakan; (c) Masih adanya Pemimpin yang kurang inovatif dan kreatif dalam pembelajaran selama perkuliahan; (d) Pembelajaran berbasis IT Ada adalah penggunaan media dan infrastruktur yang kurang optimal. (3) Upaya mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi oleh pemimpin visioner dalam pembinaan calon pemimpin yang tangguh dan cerdas di Organisasi meliputi: (a) Melakukan kegiatan sosialisasi secara terus menerus dan sistematis agar semua orang yang dipimpin memiliki pemahaman yang sama terhadap visi dan misi yang ada; (b) Merencanakan dengan cermat rencana kerja agar tidak bertentangan dengan ketentuan yang berlaku; (c) Melakukan Evaluasi secara berkala dan memotivasi Para pemimpin untuk selalu inovatif selama melalui proses visi dan misi yang dijalankan; (d) Memberikan pelatihan TI untuk memanfaatkan media dan infrastruktur pembelajaran yang tersedia dengan sebaik-baiknya.
PEER INFLUENCE AS DETERMINANTS OF UNIVERSITY- COMMUNITY PREFERENCE FOR GSM SERVICE PROVIDERS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Olowe, Modupe Oluwatoyin
Published: April 2021

The study investigated the strength of peer influence as determinants of university-community preference for GSM service providers in Ondo State, Nigeria. Two research questions were raised to guide the study. The study adopted a descriptive research survey. The population for this study consisted of the undergraduate students, academics staff and non-teaching staff of universities in Ondo State who were subscribers to each of the various popular service providers in Ondo State, Nigeria, namely, MTN, Globacom (Glo), Airtel and Etisalat (now 9mobile). The four universities have 34,246 students, 1,642 academic staff and 2,743 non-teaching staff totaling 38,631. Random sampling technique was used to select the sample of three thousand, and eight hundred and sixty-five (3,865) respondents. Questionnaire was used for data collection; the reliability was done by using Gultman Split-half method with a r-value of 0.859. Completed copies of the questionnaire were retrieved from the respondents, 3,863 copies of the instrument were distributed 3,671 copies were collected and used for analysis. The data generated was analyzed using descriptive statistics, charts, mean, standard deviation and percentage. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents are students and friends pressurized themselves to use the network they have been using, it was recommended that, the students should be careful not to be influenced by friends to choose a wrong network provider that might affect them in their academics.
KEY WORDS: Peer Influence, Network Providers and University-Community
Electrophysiological study after ranibizumab in choroidal neovascularizat
Authors: Mona Abdelkader  , Ayman Fawzy  , Wael El-doskey
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To study the effects of intra-vitreal injection of ranibizumab on pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and multifocal electroretinogram(MF-ERG) parameters in choroidal neovascularization and to test the retinal toxicity of ranibizumab.

Method: Fifty eyes of 50 patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization were included in the study. Thirty (30) eyes had neovascular age related macular degeneration (nAMD) and 20 eyes had myopic choroidal neovascularization. Ranibizumab was injected intravitreal monthly for3 months. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT) was performed at the initial and final visits. Visual acuity, Pattern and multifocal electroretinography (PERG, MFERG) were performed before and at 1,2,3,6 months after intravitreal injection.

Results: There was no clinical significant reduction of parameters of either MFERG or PERG after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab. There was significant increase in visual acuity, decrease in central macular thickness ,decrease in total macular volume and improvement in the parameters of both PERG and MFERG after intravitreal injection.

Conclusion: Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab is effective in treatment CNV and safe. It has no retinal toxicity since no reduction in PERG& MFERG parameters.

Keywords: AMD; Ranibizumab; PERG; MFERG
Verflechtungen im städtischen Gefüge
Authors: Baron Nicole
Published: April 2021

Dieser Artikel rezensiert die überarbeitete Version von Barbara Heers Dissertation zu städtischen Verflechtungen in Johannesburg und Maputo. Das Buch ist 2019 im Transcript Verlag erschienen und umfasst 337 Seiten.
Lokale urbane Welten sichtbar machen
Authors: Schilling Hannah
Published: April 2021

Die aktuelle Gesundheitskrise zeigt die Diskrepanz zwischen den Sichtweisen auf gesellschaftliches Zusammenleben, wie sie sich in offiziellen Politiken einerseits und im städtischen Alltag der Vielen, der lokalen urbanen Welten, ausdrücken. Stadtforschung sollte diese Diskrepanz als Solche zu ihrem Ausgangspunkt machen. Anstatt das Städtische aus der Perspektive der Einheit des Haushalts, des Büros oder des Erwerbs von Eigentum zu denken sollten wir die gelebten Verbindungen und städtischen Zwischenräume in den Blick nehmen. Ausgehend von zwei Regulierungsfeldern aktueller Coronapolitiken – der Arbeitszeit und der Kontaktbeschränkungen – skizziert der Beitrag drei Zugangsebenen, mit denen wir das Städtische vom Standpunkt der Vielen aus begreifen können: die Prekarisierung und Multiplizität von Arbeit. die Verletzlichkeit und Interdependenz in der Organisation städtischen Alltags sowie die Analyse der (neuen) Präsenz von Staatshandeln. Damit steht am Ende kein ‚ja‘ oder ‚nein‘ zur Enturbanisierung. Stattdessen plädiert der Beitrag dafür, zu analysieren, inwieweit diese Frage inhärenter Teil einer Krisenerzählung ist und welche sozialen Dynamiken der lokalen urbanen Welt darin eingeschlossen sind, aber nicht als solche benannt werden.
Transforming Perspective Teachers' Beliefs about Teaching: What Teacher Educators do in a Teacher Education Institution in Pakistan?
Authors: Haji Karim Khan  , Yasmeen Batool  , Farah Deeba
Published: April 2021

Taking the lenses of cultural perspectives, this study has investigated the role of teacher educators in transforming the teaching and learning beliefs of prospective teachers in a formal teacher education program in a remote mountainous region of Pakistan. We used a qualitative exploratory approach to conduct the study and collected data from eight teacher educators through semi-structured interviews, non-participatory observations of the classroom practices, as well as researchers' field, notes Findings, showed that the changing culture of teacher education in Pakistan seem to redefine and reinterpret teacher educators' roles in transforming prospective teachers' beliefs. As a result, teacher educators saw themselves as role models, counselors, mentors, storytellers, and listeners. These findings have pertinent implications for the teacher educators' roles in similar settings.