bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global, regional and national estimates ofToxoplasma gondiiseroprevalence in pregnant women: a protocol for a systematic review and modelling analysis
Authors: Bigna Jean Joel , Tochie Joel Noutakdie , Tounouga Dahlia Noelle , Bekolo Anne Olive , Ymele Nadia S , Simé Paule Sandra , Nansseu Jobert Richie
Published: October 2019

Introduction

To set priorities for public health policy, funding for public health interventions, and healthcare planning which will ultimately contribute in bending the burden of toxoplasmosis towards maternal and neonatal health, it is necessary to have accurate data on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiinfection in pregnant women by countries, WHO regions and globally.

Methods and analysis

We will search multiple databases to identify studies that reported the prevalence (or enough data to compute this estimate) ofToxoplasma gondiiin the global population of pregnant women up till December 31, 2018 without any language restrictions. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be conducted independently by three pairs of investigators. For each country, we will estimate the prevalence based on empirical studies if there is either one nationally representative study, or two or more not nationally representative studies. Then, we will perform a country-specific random-effects meta-analyses. The heterogeneity will be evaluated using the χ² test on Cochrane’s Q statistic and quantified with H and I² statistics. For countries with one or no empirical studies or where the meta-analysis will result in a wide CI of 0%–100%, we will predict the country’s prevalence by using a Bayesian generalised non-linear multilevel model. The model will have a hierarchical structure in which estimates for each country will be informed by its own data, if available, or by data from other countries in the same WHO region.

Ethics and dissemination

Since this study will be based on published data, it does not require any ethical approval. Its findings will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. They will also be presented at scientific conferences and to relevant public health sectors.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42019125572.
Lifestyles and determinants of perceived health in Italian grown-up/adult congenital heart patients: a cross-sectional and pan-national survey
Authors: Dellafiore Federica , Caruso Rosario , Arrigoni Cristina , Flocco Serena Francesca , Giamberti Alessandro , Chessa Massimo
Published: October 2019

Objectives

To provide the first epidemiological lifestyle descriptions of the Italian grown-up/adult congenital heart disease (GUCH/ACHD) population by identifying the determinants of poor perceived health status.

Design

Cross-sectional pan-national survey.

Setting

Italian GUCH/ACHD patients who were members of the Italian Association of GUCH/ACHD.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

To discuss these lifestyle descriptions through an ad hoc developed questionnaire and health perceptions (ie, mental and physical health perception) through a short form health survey (SF-12).

Results

629 patients included; many investigated GUCH/ACHD lifestyles were determined similar to those of the general population — with the exception of the smoking habits, which were lower. The odds of the occurrence of inadequate physical health perceptions increased by more than two times in patients undergoing antiarrhythmic therapies (OR adjusted=2.045; 95% CI=1.201 to 3.479; p=0.008; n=629), more than 1.5 times in patients taking oral anticoagulants (OR adjusted=1.638; 95% CI=1.038 to 2.585; p=0.034; n=629) and roughly 1.7 times in patients treated with antiplatelets (OR adjusted=1.743; 95% CI=1.024 to 2.966; p=0.041; n=629). The odds of the occurrence of inadequate mental health perceptions increased by 1.7% for every year that the patients aged (OR adjusted=1.017; 95% CI=1.002 to 1.032; p=0.025; n=629).

Conclusion

Particular attention should be paid to these ageing patients’ increasing psychological needs, and additional research is needed to identify associations between their lifestyles and clinical outcomes.
Objective assessment of stiffness in the gastrocnemius muscle in patients with symptomatic Achilles tendons
Authors: Morgan Gafin , Martin Rhodri , Welch Helen , Williams Lisa , Morris Keith
Published: October 2019

Objectives

To establish quantitative values of stiffness for the gastrocnemius muscle in patients diagnosed with Achilles tendinopathy.

Design

Case–control study with a single (cross sectional) time point of patients diagnosed with unilateral Achilles tendinopathy and an asymptomatic group.

Methods

Sample of 50 participants: 25 participants with symptomatic unilateral Achilles tendinopathy (symptomatic group) with the asymptomatic side of this group used as a control (control group 1). A third group of 25 participants with asymptomatic Achilles tendons (control group 2). Mechanical stiffness parameters, including natural oscillation frequency (F), dynamic stiffness (S), mechanical stress relaxation time (R), logarithmic decrement (D) and creep (C), were assessed using the MyotonPRO. Measurements at the medial and lateral gastrocnemii were taken as non-weight bearing (NWB) and weight bearing (WB).

Results

Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed between the mean symptomatic group and control groups 1 and 2 in the WB and NWB conditions for natural oscillation frequency (F), dynamic stiffness (S), and creep (C). There was a significant reduction in S WB and conversely a significant increase in S of the symptomatic group NWB. Creep (C) and mechanical stress relaxation time (R) were significantly (p<0.05) less in the symptomatic group NWB. Significant differences were observed between the NWB and WB data sets for logarithmic decrement (D). NWB D demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) higher scores than the WB condition.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that there was a significant reduction in stiffness of the gastrocnemius muscle in participants with Achilles tendinopathy compared with the two control groups. The WB MyotonPRO measures for the symptomatic groups of F and S were significantly lower, indicating a decrease in the tonal properties (F) and dynamic stiffness (S) of the muscle. The application of MyotonPRO technology to measure changes in stiffness in the gastrocnemius muscle may be useful to measure as part of a rehabilitation programme where specific attention could be placed to increase the tonal properties of the muscle. Further studies are required to develop a robust clinical application of this technology, particularly with regard to Achilles tendinopathy.
Abortion and the Epicurean challenge
Authors: Ekendahl Karl
Published: October 2019

In a recent article in this journal, Anna Christensen raises an ‘Epicurean challenge’ to Don Marquis’ much-discussed argument for the immorality of abortion. According to Marquis’ argument, abortion ispro tantomorally wrong because it deprives the fetus of ‘a future like ours’. Drawing on the Epicurean idea that death cannot harm its victim because there isno subjectto be harmed, Christensen argues that neither fetuses nor anyone else can be deprived of a future like ours by dying. Thus, Christensen suggests, the moral wrongness of abortion (and other killings) cannot be grounded in the relevant individual’s being deprived of a future like ours. In this reply, I argue that on no interpretation of Christensen’s Epicurean challenge does it succeed.
Gender of pain medicine leadership and trainees: a survey study
Authors: Hagedorn Jonathan Michael , Pittelkow Thomas , Warner Nafisseh , Furnish Timothy , Brancolini Scott , Schroeder Darrell R , Gazelka Halena , Moeschler Susan
Published: October 2019

Background

Women are entering medical school in record numbers, but multiple male-dominated medical specialties still exist, including pain medicine. It is not well-understood how gender diversity in academic pain medicine faculty affects fellow matriculation between female and male applicants.

Objective

We conducted a survey to ascertain whether gender diversity of those in leadership roles in pain medicine programs impacts the gender diversity of fellows in those programs.

Methods

A questionnaire was delivered to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited pain medicine fellowships to assess their demographic data in 2018. Program characteristics are summarized using median (25th, 75th) for continuous variables and frequency counts and percentages for categorical variables. Analyses were then performed using a generalized linear mixed model with a logit link function and fellowship program included as a random effect. The gender of the fellow was the dependent variable and the program characteristics were the explanatory variables.

Results

Data from 45 of 104 fellowship programs (43% response rate) are included. From univariate analysis, the odds of a fellow being female were higher in programs with a female program director (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.65, p=0.004) and in programs with a higher percentage of female faculty (OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.04, p=0.027). From multivariable analysis, having a female program director was the only program characteristic found to be significantly associated with female fellows (OR=2.07, 95% CI 1.05 to 4.11, p=0.037).

Conclusions

Pain medicine fellowship programs with a female program director were significantly more likely to have female fellows.
‘I wish I was someone else’: complexities in identity formation and professional wellbeing in veterinary surgeons
Authors: Armitage‐Chan Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

Background

There is widespread concern surrounding veterinarians’ mental health. Upon entering the profession, early career veterinary surgeons encounter colleagues with diverse and conflicting identities, manifesting in their differential prioritisation of definitive clinical treatment, interpersonal interactions or the commercial success of the practice. In other professions, poor wellbeing arises from confusion between these conflicting identity discourses, as new professionals attempt to identify role models aligned with their own identity beliefs. New veterinarians’ wellbeing may thus depend on their negotiation of different identities, as they construct their own sets of professional values and determine the type of veterinarian they wish to become.

Methods

Identity formation was explored narratively using veterinarians’ social media stories.

Results

Poor professional wellbeing appeared to arise from identity confusion: failure to consistently commit to either the dominant diagnosis‐focused discourse valued by academic role models, or a relational discourse, emphasising working through contextual challenges such as varying client needs. Workplace stress appeared to magnify the dominance of academic priorities in self‐identity understanding, worsening identity confusion. Also concerning was the positioning of the client ‘as enemy’, obstructive to veterinarians’ identity goals. Social dialogue, intended to provide support during veterinarian–client conflict, potentially reinforced rejection of the client from the veterinary professional identity, strengthening a context‐inappropriate, non‐relational identity. This worsened identity confusion between the prized ‘diagnostic identity’ and the locally valued relational identity and was detrimental to wellbeing.

Conclusions

Interventions are required, within veterinary education and postgraduate continuing professional development, that encourage reflection on identity and reinforce the value of relational identity attributes.
Cranial variation in Gryposaurus and biostratigraphy of hadrosaurines (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae) from the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada
Authors: Lowi-Merri Talia M. , Evans David C.
Published: October 2019

The Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Alberta documents one of the most diverse assemblages of hadrosaurine dinosaurs. Historically, two species of the genus Gryposaurus Lambe, 1914 have been recognized in the Dinosaur Park Formation, Gryposaurus notabilis Lambe, 1914 and Gryposaurus incurvimanus Parks, 1919, which are differentiated primarily on their nasal arch morphology. These two species have recently been suggested to represent either variable morphs within G. notabilis (e.g., ontogeny) or two distinct taxa within an evolving Gryposaurus lineage (e.g., anagenesis). These alternative hypotheses have never been adequately tested via detailed morphological comparisons, morphometrics, or biostratigraphy. A geometric morphometric analysis of hadrosaurine skulls from the Dinosaur Park Formation was performed to assess the influence of ontogeny on skull morphology. Gryposaurus incurvimanus skulls were found to be distinctly smaller, and morphologically divergent from those of G. notabilis, with larger G. notabilis skulls having higher nasal arches set farther back on the skull, a size-correlated pattern consistent with ontogenetic nasal retraction documented in other hadrosaurids. Stratigraphic data were used to map this morphology through time, to evaluate the anagenesis hypothesis. The stratigraphic distributions of the two species showed considerable overlap, rejecting anagensis and indicating that the sampled individuals lived over a short period of time (<0.5 Myr). Overall, our results suggest that the hypothesis that G. incurvimanus and G. notabilis represent different ontogenetic stages within a single species cannot be rejected. This study improves our understanding of the extent of potential individual variation within a single Gryposaurus species, which will be useful in assessing the validity of other hadrosaurines.
Addendum to: A theoretical study of top-mass measurements at the LHC using NLO+PS generators of increasing accuracy
Authors: Ferrario Ravasio Silvia , Ježo Tomáš , Nason Paolo , Oleari Carlo
Published: October 2019

This paper is a follow-up of Ref. Ferrario Ravasio et al. (Eur Phys J C 78:458, 2018. arXiv:1801.03944), where we studied the impact of next-to-leading order calculations merged with parton shower generators (NLO+PS) of increasing accuracy in the extraction of the top mass at hadron colliders. Here we examined results obtained with the older (fortran-based) shower generators and . Our findings are in line with what we found in Ref. Ferrario Ravasio et al. (2018) with the new, c++-based, generators and .
Elastic differential cross-section measurement at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV by TOTEM
Authors: Antchev G. , Aspell P. , Atanassov I. , Avati V. , Baechler J. , Barrera C. Baldenegro , Berardi V. , Berretti M. , Bossini E. , Bottigli U. , Bozzo M. , Burkhardt H. , Cafagna F. S. , Catanesi M. G. , Csanád M. , Csörgő T. , Deile M. , De Leonardis F. , Doubek M. , Druzhkin D. , Eggert K. , Eremin V. , Ferro F. , Fiergolski A. , Garcia F. , Georgiev V. , Giani S. , Grzanka L. , Hammerbauer J. , Ivanchenko V. , Kašpar J. , Kopal J. , Kundrát V. , Lami S. , Latino G. , Lauhakangas R. , Lindsey C. , Lokajíček M. V. , Losurdo L. , Vetere M. Lo , Rodríguez F. Lucas , Macrí M. , Malawski M. , Minafra N. , Minutoli S. , Naaranoja T. , Nemes F. , Niewiadomski H. , Novák T. , Oliveri E. , Oljemark F. , Oriunno M. , Österberg K. , Palazzi P. , Passaro V. , Peroutka Z. , Procházka J. , Quinto M. , Radermacher E. , Radicioni E. , Ravotti F. , Robutti E. , Royon C. , Ruggiero G. , Saarikko H. , Scribano A. , Smajek J. , Snoeys W. , Sziklai J. , Taylor C. , Tcherniaev E. , Turini N. , Vacek V. , Welti J. , Williams J. , Ciesielski R.
Published: October 2019

The TOTEM collaboration has measured the elastic proton-proton differential cross section$$\mathrm{d}\sigma /\mathrm{d}t$$dσ/dtat$$\sqrt{s}=13$$s=13 TeV LHC energy using dedicated$$\beta ^{*}=90$$β∗=90 m beam optics. The Roman Pot detectors were inserted to 10$$\sigma $$σdistance from the LHC beam, which allowed the measurement of the range [0.04 GeV$$^{2}$$2; 4 GeV$$^{2}$$2$$]$$]in four-momentum transfer squared |t|. The efficient data acquisition allowed to collect about 10$$^{9}$$9elastic events to precisely measure the differential cross-section including the diffractive minimum (dip), the subsequent maximum (bump) and the large-|t| tail. The average nuclear slope has been found to be$$B=(20.40 \pm 0.002^{\mathrm{stat}} \pm 0.01^{\mathrm{syst}})~$$B=(20.40±0.002stat±0.01syst)GeV$$^{-2}$$-2in the |t|-range 0.04–0.2 GeV$$^{2}$$2. The dip position is$$|t_{\mathrm{dip}}|=(0.47 \pm 0.004^{\mathrm{stat}} \pm 0.01^{\mathrm{syst}})~$$|tdip|=(0.47±0.004stat±0.01syst)GeV$$^{2}$$2. The differential cross section ratio at the bump vs. at the dip$$R=1.77\pm 0.01^{\mathrm{stat}}$$R=1.77±0.01stathas been measured with high precision. The series of TOTEM elastic pp measurements show that the dip is a permanent feature of the pp differential cross-section at the TeV scale.
Mid-crustal deformation in a continental margin orogen: structural evolution and timing of the Famatinian Orogeny, NW Argentina
Authors: Larrovere Mariano A. , de los Hoyos Camilo R. , Willner Arne P. , Verdecchia Sebastián O. , Baldo Edgardo G. , Casquet César , Basei Miguel A. , Hollanda Maria H. , Rocher Sebastián , Alasino Pablo H. , Moreno Gabriel G.
Published: October 2019

New structural data from a mid-crustal segment in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, coupled with geochronological methods and
P
–
T
estimates, reveal polyphase contractional deformation and metamorphism during the Famatinian Orogeny over a long period of time. Peaks of metamorphic monazite and zircon ages are recorded at
c.
500 Ma, between 484 and 465 Ma and at
c.
440 Ma. Between 484 and 465 Ma the region attained high-temperature (HT) low-pressure (LP) conditions that resulted in widespread partial melting (peak at
c.
470 Ma). A contractional phase occurred during this event, as suggested by syn-anatectic structures, as well as folding at subsolidus conditions. Renewed contraction under subsolidus conditions is evidenced by reverse ductile shearing and folding at
c.
440 Ma. Thrusting along the La Chilca Shear Zone caused metamorphic inversion. The consistent orientation of folds in the Quebrada del Molle Metamorphic Complex, El Portezuelo Metamorphic–Igneous Complex and the La Chilca Shear Zone as well as WSW-directed thrusting at the later shear zone indicate uniform WSW–ENE-directed shortening. This late deformation records the Ocloyic tectonic phase and brought the Famatinian Orogeny to an end in the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian.

Supplementary material:
Analytical methods, methods and description of the calculated
P
–
T
pseudosection diagrams, bulk compositions, and electron microprobe, U–Pb and
40
Ar–
39
Ar data are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4697189
A Rare Case of Chylothorax after Heart Transplantation
Authors: Alam Amit , Hou Linle , James Dreamy , Mody Kanika , Iyer Deepa , Ghaly Aziz , Almendral Jesus
Published: October 2019

Chylothorax is an exceedingly rare but serious complication of orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for a good outcome. Management is similar to that of nontransplant patients, but special attention must be given to patients’ nutritional and immunological status. Relevant literature on this topic is limited. We describe our experience in the management of chylothorax after OHT and provide a summary of reported cases of this complication after isolated heart and combined heart/lung transplant.
Electronic Cigarette Burns: A Case Report and Review of Current Literature
Authors: Michael Rachel , Ebraheim Nabil , Maier Jacob , Tanios Mina , Kouri Anthony
Published: October 2019

Due to the development of electronic cigarettes and their use in our patient population, this article seeks to evaluate the safety and associated morbidity that may result from their use. This article also presents a patient case regarding an explosion of an electronic cigarette battery and the resultant injury and deformity that occurred.
The Effect of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) Seed Extract on Human Cancer Cell Lines Delivered in Its Native Form and Loaded in Polymeric Micelles
Authors: Chaemsawang Watcharaphong , Prasongchean Weerapong , Papadopoulos Konstantinos I. , Ritthidej Garnpimol , Sukrong Suchada , Wattanaarsakit Phanphen
Published: October 2019

Cancer is a noncommunicable disease with a high worldwide incidence and mortality rate. The National Cancer Institute of Thailand reports increasing cumulative incidence of breast, colorectal, liver, lung, and cervical cancers, accounting for more than 60% of all cancers in the kingdom. In this current work, we attempt to elucidate the phytochemical composition of the okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) seed extract (OSE) and study its anticancer activity, delivered in its native form as well as in the form of polymeric micelles with enhanced solubility, in three carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and HepG2). The presence of flavonoid compounds in the OSE was successfully confirmed, and direct delivery had the highest cytotoxic effect on the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), followed by the hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines in that order, while its delivery in polymeric micelles further increased this effect only in the HepG2 cell line. The OSE’s observed cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines demonstrated a dose and time-dependent cell proliferation and migration inhibition plausibly due to VEGF production inhibition, leading to apoptosis and cell death, conceivably due to the four flavonoid compounds noted in the current study, one of which was isoquercitrin. However, in view of the latter compound’s isolated effects being inferior to those observed by the OSE, we hypothesize that either isoquercitrin requires the biological synergy of any one or all of the observed flavonoids or any of the three in isolation or all in concert are responsible. Further studies are required to elucidate the nature of the three unknown compounds. Furthermore, as we encountered significant problems in dissolving the okra seed extract and creating the polymeric micelles, further studies are needed to devise a clinically beneficial delivery and targeting system.
Use of microhabitats affects butterfly assemblages in a rural landscape
Authors: Orlandin Elton , Piovesan Mônica , D’Agostini Fernanda Maurer , Carneiro Eduardo
Published: October 2019

Landscapes composed of small rural properties may support highly heterogeneous habitat, because they often support distinct types of land uses adjacent to surrounding forest fragments. Many butterfly species may benefit from this kind of landscape, as very distinct microhabitats can be found in a very restricted spatial scale. To better understand how different microhabitats are related to fragmentation in rural landscapes the present study collected the butterfly fauna in 18 sampling point sites, representing distinct types of forest edges and forest interiors. Although closely located, these sites showed no spatial autocorrelation. Instead, a major distinction in species richness and composition was found among forest interior and edge habitats while no significant difference was found in species composition among distinct edge habitats. Therefore, the high segregation of butterfly assemblages found in a very restricted geographic scale suggests the presence of two different groups of butterflies that respond independently to forest fragmentation, the forest interior assemblages and forest edge assemblages. This distinction of butterfly assemblages related to forest interior and forest edges were already reported, but our results highlights that these differences are found mostly due to species turnover between those habitats. In other words, both microhabitat types present a high number of specialized species compared to a smaller fraction of generalist species that may occurs in both microhabitats. Althoug, in the case of Atlantic Forest the species of special conservation concern are those true specialized in forest interior habitats and not those specialized in forest edges, the present study corroborates the importance of sampling different microhabitats when studying fragmentation processes, both inside and outside of fragments. Although forest edges may present different kinds of habitat types, species present along border tend to be as heterogeneous as species present in different locations inside the forest. This information should be considered in sampling designs of biodiversity essays that focus on a more consistent representation of local diversity.
New genera records of split-eyed owlflies (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Ascalaphinae) from Colombia
Authors: Ardila-Camacho Adrian , Noriega Jorge Ari , Acevedo-Ramos Fernando
Published: October 2019

The genera Ameropterus Esben-Petersen, 1922 and Fillus Navás, 1919 are recorded from Colombia for the first time. New distributional records for two Cordulecerus Rambur, 1842 species are also presented. Ameropterus dissimilis (McLachlan, 1871) and Ameropterus scutellaris (Gerstaecker, 1894) are redescribed and illustrated, and Ameropterus mexicanus (Van der Weele, 1909) is here proposed as a junior synonym of the latter. The taxonomic status of Nephelasca crocea Navás, 1914 is discussed. Keys to the Colombian species of Ameropterus and Cordulecerus and a list of the split-eyed Ascalaphinae species of the New World are also given.
Was „eine Mädchen”, „eins Mädchen” und „Ø Mädchen” gemein haben: Zur Relevanz sprachtypologischer Korrelationen beim Transfer in die L2 Deutsch aus typologisch unterschiedlichen Sprachen
Authors: Schmidt Melanie
Published: October 2019

Ob zum Austausch von zwischenmenschlichen Bedürfnissen, wie dem Gedankengut oder zu Geschäftszwecken, wie am Beispiel der Lingua Franca, galt Sprache seit jeher als das Kommunikationsmittel der menschlichen Spezies. Durch den wachsenden Bedarf an Mehrsprachigkeit im 20. Jahrhundert, rückte die Spracherwerbsforschung zunehmend ins Forschungszentrum. Die Erforschung von Deutsch als Zweitsprache (L2) anhand verschiedenster Muttersprachen (L1s) findet ihre Anfänge Mitte der 1980er Jahre (vgl. MEISEL 1975). Bereits zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts erkannten Forscher, wie SCHLEGEL (1818), die Wichtigkeit, Sprachen nach morphotypologischen Klassifikationen zu schematisieren, um geneologische Zusammenhänge zwischen Sprachen im Kontext analysieren zu können. Die Frage, wie und ob sprachliche Transferprozesse auf eine sprachtypologische (Nicht)-Verwandtschaft zwischen L1 und L2 zurückzuführen sind, ist Gegenstand dieser Studie. Die untersuchten L1s sind Spanisch (flektierend), Vietnamesisch (isolierend), Türkisch (agglutinierend) sowie Deutsch (flektierend) als L2. Praktisch werden Daten zu zwei Grammatikalitäten analysiert: die Subjekt-VerbKongruenz sowie die Realisierung der grammatischen Artikel im Deutschen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in beiden Bereichen eine enge Verbindung zwischen strukturellen Ähnlichkeiten sowie Differenzen für den Transfer zwischen L1 und L2 ausschlaggebend sein kann, da die spanischsprachigen TeilnehmerInnen die geringsten Interferenzquoten, die vietnamesischsprachigen TeilnehmerInnen hingegen die höchsten Fehlerquoten aufzeigen.
(Re)existencias periféricas: Mediaciones culturales y ciudadanías latinoamericanas en resistencia.
Authors: Aguilar Yuli Andrea Ruiz
Published: October 2019

Al pensar las​ relaciones entre Arte-Periferia​ e Identidad, encontramos que las cartografías del poder en el marco de una sociedad globalizada han complejizado la polarización que históricamente formaliza la relación centro/periferia, haciendo de está,  muros limítrofes para obstaculizar la comprensión del carácter étnico/racial-narcisista que determina las subjetividades en un orden estructuralmente jerarquizado y de subordinación. A partir de dos experiencias colectivas de mediación estético-sensibles desarrolladas por comunidades urbanas desde territorios periféricos, se busca traer una reflexión que pauta por la inversión del significado y concepción de las prácticas de creación y saberes periféricos, a fin de trazar su lugar de potencia en la re-invención creativa/sensible del derecho a la ciudad, de una ciudadanía de resistencia, plural, crítica y participativa., desde abajo y desde lo sensible.
Exposições blockbuster: mecenato privado e política cultural no Brasil
Authors: Miorim Marina Araujo
Published: October 2019

Qual é o papel das artes visuais na sociedade contemporânea? Como as determinações econômicas se relacionam com a produção, distribuição e fruição artística? Como as políticas culturais fomentam a experiência estética e quais setores da sociedade as impulsionam?

Essas são algumas das perguntas que mobilizam a reflexão em torno das exposições internacionais de arte que aportam no Brasil desde a década de 1990, e que dinamizam o setor cultural provocando um fenômeno de visitação crescente na história brasileira. Nesse sentido, a proposta deste trabalho é fazer um balanço preliminar acerca dos aspectos políticos, econômicos e sociais da arte, bem como apresentar algumas informações acerca das exposições blockbuster para que sejam identificadas interfaces da circulação desses eventos artísticos com o contexto contemporâneo.
Lugar de conflito e força na comunidade periurbana Lagoa Azul 2
Authors: De Souza Lucimara Maria , Gomes Cilene
Published: October 2019

O artigo consiste em uma reflexão teórica sobre os conceitos de comunidade, espaço, território usado e lugar, a partir de uma compreensão geral sobre a problemática da urbanização desigual e segregação socio espacial de comunidades periurbanas, e de pesquisa empírica realizada na Comunidade Lagoa Azul 2, em Jacareí, SP. Com a finalidade de validar a perspectiva do humanismo concreto, pondera-se sobre a necessidade de constituição e fortalecimento da força de resistência comunitária e a emergência de potenciais de organização dos moradores para enfrentarem e vencerem as dificuldades próprias da vida nas periferias – lugares desatendidos pelo Estado e estigmatizados socialmente – e os conflitos naturais oriundos da convivência comunal.
O porquê do respeitável público: o espectador na sustentabilidade teatral
Authors: Silva Freire Vítor
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa a importância do espectador não especializado para a sustentabilidade do teatro – notadamente o teatro de grupo paulistano, em âmbitos artísticos e econômicos. O artigo é originado da pesquisa “Respeitável público: uma reflexão sobre a relação entre o teatro de grupo paulistano e o público não especializado”, desenvolvida durante o Mestrado em Estudos Culturais na EACH/USP e exposta no IV Simpósio Internacional de Cultura e Comunicação na América Latina do CELACC/USP. O autor propõe que o contato com o público deve se tornar preocupação e responsabilidade prioritárias entre aqueles que oferecem atividades ou bens culturais –  produtores, artistas, difusores e pesquisadores, para que a ação cultural tenha reais condições de, ao mesmo tempo, promover o sustento digno de seus profissionais e conquistar relevância e sentido social.
A regra e o jogo: identidade, hegemonia e politicas públicas para as culturas populares no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Machado Henry Alexandre Durante
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo pesquisar a relação entre as dinâmicas das culturas populares de tradição oral, particularmente as de matriz africana, e as políticas culturais implementadas no Brasil a partir dos anos 2000, as quais trazem para a agenda pública este importante segmento. A partir da abordagem psicopolítica da consciência e participação política e da visão crítica sobre os discursos contemporâneos em torno da cultura como produto, desenvolvimento econômico, da prática tecnicista e gerencial no campo da gestão cultural, assim como por meio de pesquisa exploratória teórica e conceitual aplicada aos referenciais teóricos dos direitos culturais, conceito gramsciano de hegemonia e das teorias da reprodução cultural e pesquisa empírica entre os integrantes da Rede das Culturas Populares e Tradicionais, analisaremos o impacto de tais políticas, construídas no bojo do Estado burguês - marcadas, portanto, pela lógica do mercado e pela burocracia no acesso ao fomento - na organização e na construção da subjetividade de indivíduos e comunidades de tradição oral. Aborda-se, por fim, o problema dos critérios de avaliação de políticas culturais, profundamente marcados pela instrumentalização, refletindo-se sobre a adequação das categorias analíticas utilizadas para avaliar os processos culturais.
Fanatismo e resistência na pele: paixões e histórias consumidas no corpo
Authors: Felerico Selma
Published: October 2019

Resultado parcial de um projeto de pesquisa em desenvolvimento, sobre corpo, identidade, consumo e publicidade, intitulado: Fanáticos na Pele, este artigo aponta para algumas reflexões sobre as tatuagens dos torcedores de futebol inspiradas em jogadores e seus respectivos clubes e a construção de identidades midiáticas associadas à publicidade, considerando-se a redescoberta do corpo com grande potencial de consumo e resistência social. Foram levados em consideração os aportes teóricos de publicização com Casaqui, de linguagem discursiva com Braga e os estudos corporais com Le Breton, entre outros.  A partir de um levantamento sobre tatuagens presente nas mídias digitais, verifica-se a previsibilidade do repertório das tatuagens, pois são elementos imagéticos dos times reconhecidos no âmbito esportivo, e registram figuras e jogadas dos atletas que reforçam signos apaixonantes. Surgindo assim, um segmento de consumo contemplado pela publicidade e que legitimam os corpos na atualidade.
A Engenharia Poética de Manoel: feito de Barro
Authors: Feitosa Therence Santiago Alves
Published: October 2019

A presente investigação se concentrou em analisar alguns poemas de Manoel de Barros. Foi pretendido perceber e apontar como as narrativas de sua poética são compostas por diversos elementos barrocos em relação. Tais composições imbrincadas mostram formas possíveis de entrelaces dos diversos materiais disponíveis aqui, na América Latina. Fora utilizado na investigação a forma de pensar radicalmente qualitativa no que fere a performance dos dados que emergiram durante o processo investigativo. Foi possível perceber que Manoel em suas construções poéticas confeccionou elementos gráficos que extrapolaram as palavras. Elementos que produziram imagens, sons, cheiros. Tais gestos poéticos evidenciaram profusões impares entre os sujeitos, as paisagens e os objetos da cultura.
Raça e representação: ecos no facebook de um engodo racial na política
Authors: Silva Luciana Fernanda
Published: October 2019

Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre representação do negro a partir de um conflito de ocorrido durante um debate político que gerou constrangimento entre candidatos ao governo do Rio de Janeiro (2018), quando a candidata Márcia Tiburi afirmou que não havia negros competindo pelo cargo. Em resposta, o concorrente Romário respondeu: “eu sou o negro desse debate”. Como gatilho para as reflexões, utilizamos a participação política no Facebook, investigando, através dos comentários, qual(is) imaginário(s) social(is) permeia(m) sobre o pertencimento racial de um candidato negro, que, para ter sua identidade racial reconhecida pelo outro, precisa estar enquadrado nos padrões pré-estabelecidos por um conjunto de regras e práticas específicas.
A dramatização como estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem na perspectiva discente
Authors: Silva Samira Rios da , Silveira Ludmila Godinho da , Fraga Luna De Paula , Gomes Orlando Vieira
Published: October 2019

O ensino médico, historicamente, sempre se baseou em estratégias tradicionais, em que o docente é o integrante ativo no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, no qual o conhecimento é partilhado de forma técnica e compartimentalizada. Porém, as atuais diretrizes educacionais têm orientado o uso de metodologias ativas na formação do profissional médico. O curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, campus Petrolina, foi construído sob os moldes de um ensino tradicionalista, entretanto, como o ensino médico de forma ativa tem sido estimulado de maneira intensa, alguns docentes têm experimentado atividades baseadas nessas novas formas de aprendizado, como ocorreu na disciplina de Medicina de Urgência, lecionada a alunos do 8º período, onde os estudantes experimentaram a dramatização como estratégia de ensino e avaliação. Esse trabalho foi realizado com o intuito de relatar a experiência discente com o uso da dramatização como forma de aprendizagem. O processo de criação foi uma experiência que enriqueceu o modo de pensar dos estudantes, que além de adquirir os conhecimentos teóricos, trabalharam sua capacidade de comunicação e exercitaram o trabalho em equipe.
Hepatite C
Authors: Perlin Cássio Marques , Groto Anderson Dillmann , Perlin Gustavo Olivo , Salamanca Mayara Angélica Bolson
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre os fármacos utilizados para o tratamento da hepatite C desde a descoberta do vírus, em 1989. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases Medline e SciELO, utilizando o termos “hepatite C”, “tratamento”, “livre de interferon”, “revisão” e “ensaio clínico”. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão das características gerais da hepatite C juntamente com sua epidemiologia e diagnóstico. Durante muito tempo, a única opção disponível para o tratamento da hepatite C foi o interferon. Esta droga não mostrou boa eficácia e seu uso foi minimizado com o surgimento de novos regimes sem interferon que aumentaram a taxa de sucesso para algo em torno de 95%. Tais medicamentos permitiram o alcance real da cura do vírus, embora estejam disponíveis no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro, são tratamentos caros que restringem o acesso a grande parte da população infectada.
Trabalhadoras domésticas
Authors: Coutinho Maria Chalfin , D'´Avila Geruza Tavares , Maders Tielly Rosado , Morais Marcelo
Published: October 2019

Em um contexto de mudanças na legislação, com ampliação de direitos no trabalho doméstico, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa para investigar as práticas e os sentidos produzidos no cotidiano de trabalhadoras domésticas. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras: Grande Florianópolis e Baixada Fluminense. A partir dos chamados métodos biográficos, foram entrevistadas 27 trabalhadoras domésticas, mensalistas e diaristas, tendo como instrumentos complementares fotografias e agenda colorida. A análise resultou na identificação de três núcleos de significação: 1) trajetórias educacionais e laborais, 2) vivências no trabalho e 3) gestão da vida cotidiana e trabalho. As trajetórias revelam entrada precoce na vida laboral e baixa escolaridade como fatores que contribuíram para que exercessem o trabalho doméstico remunerado. As vivências foram permeadas por ambiguidades afetivas nas relações com contratantes e familiares, particularmente para as mensalistas. A gestão do cotidiano revela peculiaridades do trabalho de diaristas e mensalistas e capacidade de negociação com uso de astúcias e saberes tácitos. A análise evidencia a articulação entre ambiguidades afetivas e demandas imperativas num cotidiano de trabalho intenso, íntimo e com traços de herança escravagista.
Sobre a bibliografia pesqueira no Brasil (1930 a 1980)
Authors: Silveira Dauto João da
Published: October 2019

Este artigo versará, fundamentalmente, sobre o crescimento da produção bibliográfica brasileira no século XX, as primeiras temáticas, os autores mais relevantes e suas preocupações com o mundo da pesca artesanal. Partimos do pressuposto de que o aguçamento das contradições do mundo da pesca produziu uma forma de consciência que resultou em trabalhos científicos e críticos sobre os pescadores artesanais. É digno de nota, nesse mesmo contexto, o crescimento das instituições e núcleos de pesquisa no final do século XX. Fizemos uma pesquisa histórica bibliográfica nos anais e registros de institutos e universidades e nas produções avulsas do período. Foi possível perceber que boa parte das análises, durante a primeira metade do século, tratava da temática dos pescadores de forma secundária, ou seja, a preocupação era com os povos vulneráveis e, nesse contexto, surgiam os pescadores.
Artefatos trançados na pré-história do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Costa Rodrigo Lessa , Lima Tania Andrade
Published: October 2019

Materiais perecíveis, como fibras e madeiras, estiveram, ao que se supõe, entre as matérias-primas mais utilizadas por grupos pré-históricos. Segundo Adovasio (1977), a tecnologia de trançar fibras vegetais, denominada cestaria, só não antecede o lascamento lítico e a confecção de cordas. No Brasil, representações em pinturas rupestres atestam sua antiguidade e relevância na vida dessas populações. Contudo, observou-se a existência de uma lacuna na literatura arqueológica brasileira referente ao estudo aprofundado dessa tecnologia. O clima tropical predominante e as condições de deposição em contextos arqueológicos, responsáveis pela rápida degradação de matérias orgânicas, têm sido argumentos utilizados para justificar a escassez de pesquisas com esses materiais. Mesmo assim, alguns conjuntos de trançados e de fragmentos cerâmicos com suas impressões em negativo já foram abordados na literatura arqueológica. Visando contribuir para preencher essa lacuna, nosso intuito é desenvolver uma análise das técnicas empregadas na confecção de trançados encontrados em sítios arqueológicos da região meridional do Brasil, bem como estabelecer conexões com materiais de procedência etnológica que possam atestar possíveis continuidades tecnológicas na longa duração. Os conjuntos discutidos neste artigo são provenientes de sítios litorâneos (Sambaqui Cubatão I e Sambaqui Espinheiros, além de uma peça do acervo arqueológico do Museu Nacional, cuja proveniência foi atribuída por seu coletor a “sambaquis do Sul do Brasil”); do interior (Sítio Alfredo Wagner), e uma pequena amostra de fragmentos cerâmicos com impressões de cestaria em negativo vinculados à Tradição Taquara. Os resultados apontaram uma homogeneidade, em tempos pré-históricos, da técnica torcida fechada com trama bastante estreita, tanto no litoral quanto no interior, que aparentemente foi descontinuada pelas etnias indígenas atuais que ocupam a região meridional do país.
O Museu Vivo Antonio Samias e a sustentabilidade sociocultural dos índios Kokama
Authors: Trindade Daniela Sulamita Almeida da , Cordeiro Denis Gomes
Published: October 2019

A criação da Associação dos Índios Kokamas Residentes no Município de Manaus (AKIM) tem ampliado as possibilidades de fortalecimento da identidade e alcance de políticas públicas definidas para os povos indígenas, submetidos a um processo de invisibilidade social desde a ocupação da Amazônia pelos colonizadores. Esta pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter bibliográfico, tem como objetivo analisar a articulação comunitária dos Kokama na criação do Museu Vivo Antônio Samias como forma de reafirmação da identidade étnica e sustentabilidade sociocultural. Desse modo, percebeu-se que, ao agirem em comunidade/organização sociopolítica, na luta pelo processo de ressignificação cultural, os Kokama estabeleceram uma parceria com o Projeto da Nova Cartografia Social da Amazônia (PNCSA) para reforçar as práticas sociais de seu povo e de seus líderes, como mecanismo de fortalecimento da memória e resistência étnica.
O ensino da Arqueologia na USP
Authors: Florenzano Maria Beatriz Borba
Published: October 2019

Trata-se de apresentar em forma de depoimento a minha experiência como uma das primeiras alunas do Programa de Pós-graduação em Arqueologia da Universidade de São Paulo, traçando alguns dos principais momentos da institucionalização da formação de profissionais nesta área do conhecimento em nossa universidade.
Editorial
Authors: Porto Vagner Carvalheiro
Published: October 2019

Apresentação do número 30 da Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia
Epidemiological overview – 18 years of ICU hospitalization due to trauma in Brazil
Authors: Lentsck Maicon Henrique , Sato Ana Paula Sayuri , Mathias Thais Aidar de Freitas
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE: Assess the magnitude and trend of hospitalization rates due to traumatic injuries in intensive care units (ICU) in Brazil from 1998 to 2015. METHODS: This is an ecological time-series study that analyzed data from the Hospital Information System. A trend analysis of hospitalization rates was performed according to diagnosis, sex and age using generalized linear regression models and Prais-Winsten estimation. RESULTS: Rates were higher among male patients, but increased hospitalization due to trauma among female patients influenced the ratio between both sexes. Falls and transport accidents were the most frequent causes of trauma. The average annual growth was 3.6% in ICU trauma hospitalization rates in Brazil, the highest growth was reported in the North region (8%; 95%CI 6.4-9.6), among women (5.4%; 95%CI 4.5-6.3), and among people aged 60 years and older (5.5%; 95%CI, 4.7-6.3). The most frequent causes of trauma are falls (4.5%; 95%CI 3.5-5.5) and care complications (5.4%; 95%CI 4.5-6.3). On the other hand, the annual hospital mortality rate due to trauma in ICU is 1.7% lower, on average (95%CI 2.1-1.3). CONCLUSION: An increase in ICU hospitalization rate due to trauma in Brazil may be the result of some factors, such as an increasing number of accidents and cases of violence, the implementation of pre-hospital care, and improved access to care, with more beds in ICU. In addition, population aging is another factor, as a greater increase in hospitalization was observed among people aged 60 years and older.
Group prenatal care: effectiveness and challenges to implementation
Authors: Andrade-Romo Zafiro , Heredia-Pi Ileana B. , Fuentes-Rivera Evelyn , Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline , Cacho Lourdes Bravo Bolaños , Jurkiewicz Laurie , Darney Blair G.
Published: October 2019

Group prenatal care is an alternative model of care during pregnancy, replacing standard individual prenatal care. The model has shown maternal benefits and has been implemented in different contexts. We conducted a narrative review of the literature in relation to its effectiveness, using databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Wiley Online and Springer for the period 2002 to 2018. In addition, we discussed the challenges and solutions of its implementation based on our experience in Mexico. Group prenatal care may improve prenatal knowledge and use of family planning services in the postpartum period. The model has been implemented in more than 22 countries and there are challenges to its implementation related to both supply and demand. Supply-side challenges include staff, material resources and organizational issues; demand-side challenges include recruitment and retention of participants, adaptation of material, and perceived privacy. We highlight specific solutions that can be applied in diverse health systems.