bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computerized Adaptive Assessment of Organizational Climate
Authors: Peña-Suárez Elsa , Menéndez Fernando , Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero , Muñiz José
Published: April 2017

Computerized Adaptive Tests (CAT) constitutes a major advance in the field of the assessment of social sciences and health. It is interesting to incorporate this methodological development to organizational field. The objective of this research is to develop a CAT for evaluating the organizational climate. In order to do this, a bank of 160 items was constructed, which was administered to a sample of 3,163 workers (M age= 51.90 years; SD= 6.28 years). The results show that the CAT works efficiently for the three item banks used (150, 130 and 50 items). The information function shows that the latent trait in the whole range of values is measured with similar accuracy. The correlation between the scores obtained with the CAT, the three item banks and the CLIOR scale of organizational climate was higher than 0.90 in all cases (SE<0.32). With a SE< 0.32, the 150 item CAT uses a mean of 22.5 items (SD = 22.5 items). The CAT developed allows an accuracy and useful assessment of the organizational climate on organizational settings and research.
Corruption and Sexual Scandal: The Importance of Politician Gender
Authors: Żemojtel-Piotrowska Magdalena Anna , Marganski Alison , Baran Tomasz , Piotrowski Jarosław
Published: April 2017

The current experimental study analyzes individuals’ reactions to politicians involved in scandals as a function of scandal type and politician sex (N = 798). Corruption and sexual scandals were considered. The results indicate that female politicians were judged more harshly than male politicians involved in scandals regardless of the type of scandal. Scandal affected not only assessment of their morality but also competence, contrary to assessment of men. The results were discussed in reference to expectancy violations theory and shifting standards theory which predicts more negative evaluation of women involved in immoral behavior despite lack general prejudices toward women in politics.
Facilitadores del proceso de aprendizaje de la escritura en las primeras edades
Authors: Gutiérrez Raúl
Published: April 2017

The study of learning to write in the early ages has been the subject of much research in recent years. We now know that in the languages of alphabetic writing like ours, learning to write requires both alphabetical knowledge and the awareness of the phonological structure of speech, with the development of spoken language a necessary skill for language learning written. However, few studies have been conducted in order to understand the linkages between these skills and the initial learning to write. The purpose of this study was to examine whether programs that integrate the promotion of oral language along with the development of phonological processing skills and knowledge alphabetical effectiveness of the learning process of writing is favored. A quasi-experimental comparison group design with pretest and posttest measures was used. The study involved 403 students from different public and private schools aged between 5 and 6 years. The results weigh the potential value of the program and support the development of teaching models that provide access to the alphabetic knowledge from new educational perspectives on learning that facilitates writing system.
A healthy public administration through healthy organizational practices
Authors: Mañas-Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Alcaraz-Pardo Luis
Published: April 2017

In the present study we have proposed a theoretical model based on Kopelman, Brief & Guzzo’s model (1990), in which transformational leadership is positioned as an antecedent of organizational climate, and the psychological capital, as a consequence of that climate. The theoretical model was tested using structural equations in a sample of 277 employees of a public Administration. The good fit of the data according to the revised goodness of fit indexes, both in the confirmatory analysis for each variable and in the structural model statistically validates our theoretical model, accepting the study hypotheses. This makes clear the need for the Administration to propose transformational leadership measures at the individual, team and organizational levels to strengthen the achievement of positive outcomes through positives organizational climate and psychological capital.
Detection of Muscle Dysmorphia symptoms in male weightlifters
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Andrea , González-Martí Irene , Contreras Jordán Onofre Ricardo
Published: April 2017

Muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a body dismorphic disorder in which the sufferer is dissatisfied with their body size and shape.  MD has yet to be studied in weightlifters, and the objective of this research study is to detect its symptoms in 32 male weightlifters as well as any related characteristics and behaviours.  This study involved the distribution of a sociodemographic questionnaire in addition to the Escala de Satisfacción Muscular, the Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Somatomorphic Matrix, with the anthropometric measurements of the participants also being recorded.  The results revealed the existence of body dissatisfaction among athletes and, in some cases, muscle perception that does not equate to reality.  The athletes also use substances to build their muscles and enhance their performance, display obsessive muscle checking behaviours, and have low general physical self-concept that stems from their muscle (dis)satisfaction.  To conclude, this study confirms the existence of MD in this sport.
Validation of the Spanish adaptation of the School Atitude Assessment Survey-Revised using multidimensional Rasch analysis
Authors: Veas Alejandro , Castejón Juan Luis , Gilar Raquel , Miñano Pablo
Published: April 2017

The School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (SAAS-R) was developed by McCoach & Siegle (2003b) and validated in Spain by Author (2014) using Classical Test Theory. The objective of the current research is to validate SAAS-R using multidimensional Rasch analysis. Data were collected from 1398 students attending different high schools. Principal Component Analysis supported the multidimensional SAAS-R. The item difficulty and person ability were calibrated along the same latent trait scale. 10 items were removed from the scale due to misfit with the Rasch model. Differential Item Functioning revealed no significant differences across gender for the remaining 25 items. The 7-category rating scale structure did not function well, and the subscale goal valuation obtained low reliability values. The multidimensional Rasch model supported 25 item-scale SAAS-R measures from five latent factors. Therefore, the advantages of multidimensional Rasch analysis are demonstrated in this study.
Women Occupying Management Positions in Top-Level Sport Organizations: A Self-Determination Perspective
Authors: Perez-Rivases Andrea , Torregrosa Miquel , Viladrich Carme , Pallarès Susana
Published: April 2017

Framed in Self-determination theory (SDT), the purpose of this research was to examine whether the working environment of women in sport management positions could fulfil or thwart their basic psychological needs (BPN) and to explore the motivations that women managers experience in these positions. Eight female managers of top-level sport organizations participated in semi-structured interviews. Results showed that seven of them reported being in an environment that fulfilled their BPN and experienced autonomous motivation in their job. In contrast, one participant reported working in a context that thwarted her BPN and experienced controlled motivation. We present contextual antecedents that were considered satisfying or thwarting of the BPN of those women enrolled in management positions. Insomuch as BPN satisfaction is expected to be related to autonomous motivation and well-being, the current study provides a first insight regarding how sport organizations could promote women managers’ BPN satisfaction and thus increase their autonomous motivation and well-being in such positions.
Communication Technology Use for Work at Home during Off-job Time and Work–Family Conflict: The Roles of Family Support and Psychological Detachment
Authors: Wang Zhengyuan , Chen Xi , Duan Yongjia
Published: April 2017

This article studies the influence of communication technology use for work at home during off-job time on work-family conflict based on work-family border theory, and highlights the roles of psychological detachment and family support. Based on 423 samples, we use regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results show that communication technology use for work at home during off-job time is positively related to employee’s work-family conflict, including time-based conflict and strain-based conflict. Besides, family support moderates the impact of communication technology use for work at home on employee’s work-family conflict. Furthermore, psychological detachment mediates the moderating effect of family support on the relationship between communication technology use for work at home and employee’s work-family conflict. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future studies are discussed.
Adaptation into European Spanish of the Automated Working Memory Test Battery (AWMA)
Authors: Pérez Miguel A. , Santos Flavia H. , Gómez-Cobos Lidia , Hernández-Pallarés Lorenzo , Cuello Victoria , Miralles Concha , Marín Javier , Cañizares Gema
Published: April 2017

iversidThe current study presents the adaptation of Automated Working Memory Assessment into European Spanish, considering the need of calibration for accent and linguistic issues not supported by the version available. For this purpose, verbal material was carefully and properly selected, considering specificities of the European Spanish, in order to control possible effects of psycholinguistic factors, such as word length or lexical frequency, and technical aspects such as stimuli presentation speed and sound quality were also tuned. An exploratory sample of 81 children from 7- to 9-year-old was assessed to confirm that the adaptation is suitable for further use, besides, their scores were contrasted with the Argentinean children. The data showed proper validity and reliability scores, which characterize this version as a useful instrument for research purposes, and its usage in further studies should be encourage to gather normative data for Spaniards.
Relaciones entre sexismo e ideología de género con autoconcepto y autoestima en personas con Lesión Medular
Authors: Torregrosa-Ruiz Manuela , Molpeceres-Pastor María-Ángeles , Tomás-Miguel Jose-Manuel
Published: April 2017

The process of adapting to a physical disability is complex and multi-dimensional. It is influenced by many variables that affect adequate life adjustment and psychological wellbeing. This study addresses the specific effects of sexism and gender stereotypes on self-esteem and self-concept in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). The research design is cross-sectional and correlational. The sample comprises 127 persons, including 95 men and 32 women, with a long-term spinal injury. The results of the MANOVAs do not demonstrate statistically significant differences based on sex for the following variables: self-esteem, self-concept, traditional sexism and neosexism. The relationships among variables suggest that negative relationships exist between neosexism and family and emotional self-concept and self-esteem among men with SCI, though not among women with SCI. The discussion emphasizes the important role of intervention programs that strengthen gender equality in order to reduce sexism.
Influencia de la psicopatología en la comisión de violencia filio-parental: diferencias en función del sexo
Authors: Rosado Jaime , Rico Eva , Cantón-Cortés David
Published: April 2017

The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of the psychopathologic symptomatology of participants on the perpetration of child-to-parent violence (CPV), as well as to test the moderator role of the participant sex on the psychopathology.

The sample comprised 855 students from middle school, high school and vocational education (399 boys and 456 girls). Age range varies among 13-21 years old (M = 16.09; DT = 1.34), being 307 (35.9%) among 13-15, 501 (58.6%) 16-18 and 47 (5.5%) 19-21. Most of them (91%) had Spanish citizenship. Psychopathology was assessed with the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised, whereas CPV perpetration was assessed employing the Child-to-Parent Aggression Questionnaire.

Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that the most important psychopathologic symptoms were hostility, paranoid ideation and depression, being related higher scores on hostility and paranoid ideation, and lower on depression, with the perpetration of CPV. Interaction analyses showed a moderator role of the participant sex with the interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive in the case of CPV to the father, and interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive and paranoid ideation in the case of CPV to the mother.

Results confirm the idea that the existence of psychopathologic symptomatology by the minors has an effect on the probability of perpetration CPV, being this effect different depending on the sex of the perpetrator.
The timely expression of coherence helps cause the right impression
Authors: Gordillo Fernando , Arana José M. , Meilán Juan José G. , Mestas Lilia , Pérez Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2017

An analysis was conducted on the modulating role that the emotional coherence between verbal and non-verbal information plays on the formation of impressions. The study involved 301 subjects who made inferences on a woman’s personality based on verbal information on her life (positive, negative), the emotional coherence between verbal and non-verbal information (coherent, neutral, incoherent), and the type of coding, referring to the moment when the verbal and non-verbal information was presented to them (simultaneously, separately). The results showed that when the information is positive, coherent and the coding has been made separately, the person is perceived to be more stable, pleasant and sociable. The results are discussed, along with their implications for the adaptive processes present in natural contexts.
Caracterização dos ileostomizados atendidos em um serviço de referência de ostomizados
Authors: Queiroz Cintia Galvão , Freitas Luana Souza , Medeiros Lays Pinheiro de , Melo Marjorie Dantas Medeiros , Andrade Rosane Sousa de , Costa Isabelle Katherinne Fernandes
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes ileostomizados registrados en la Asociación de Ostomizados de Río Grande do Norte.

Material y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio, retrospectivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, basado en datos obtenidos de las fichas de inscripción de 97 personas con ostomías, en el periodo de noviembre de 2013 a enero de 2014, en una asociación de ostomizados en el estado de Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Brasil.

Resultados: Predominaron pacientes de sexo femenino, con edad media de 57,08 años, blanco/pardo, casados, procedentes de la zona costera del este, educación primaria incompleta, jubilados y con 1  salario mínimo. En cuanto a la duración y motivo del origen de la ileostomía, el tumor de recto/neoplasia de recto/cáncer de recto fue la causa principal y la mayoría de ellas fueron temporales.

Conclusión: El conocimiento del perfil de estos pacientes permite la identificación de las necesidades de los ostomizados, estimulando al equipo multidisciplinar para implementar comportamientos que ayuden a los pacientes a aceptar y vivir con la ostomía.
Análisis de impacto de la crisis económica sobre el síndrome de Burnout y resiliencia en el personal de enfermería
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Javier , Del Amor Martinez Noelia , Lázaro Sahuquillo Marta , Carranza Román Aurora , Martínez Cantó Marta
Published: April 2017

Este proyecto de  investigación pretende analizar las condiciones de trabajo, las variables individuales y de salud que están relacionadas con el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout, así como el potencial efecto de la “entereza” o “personalidad resistente”,  presente en nuestro ámbito de trabajo, todo esto en el contexto de crisis económica en la que nos encontramos en la actualidad. Partiendo de este análisis, se podrían plantear estrategias de cambio con el fin de mejorar la satisfacción laboral y disminuir los niveles de desgaste laboral, actuando sobre los factores que más incidan sobre el mismo.

Se trata de un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, realizado en una muestra de  377 profesionales de enfermería y auxiliares de enfermería, de Atención Especializada y Atención Sociosanitaria del Sistema Sanitario Público de la ciudad de Albacete. Los sujetos se seleccionarán de forma no aleatoria según disponibilidad en servicio/unidad de trabajo.

La prevalencia del síndrome de burnout es superior al periodo precrisis siendo el cansancio emocional la dimensión más influyente en su aparición. Existen ciertos factores que predisponen al aumento del burnout y otros que son factores de riesgo para su desarrollo. A su vez la personalidad resistente actúa como factor protector en la aparición del síndrome. Futuras líneas de investigación podrían estar encaminadas al estudio de intervenciones para el fomento de la resilencia.
Funcionamiento y calidad de vida en personas con enfermedades crónicas: poder predictivo de distintas variables psicológicas
Authors: Pascual Sánchez Ana , Caballo Escribano Cristina
Published: April 2017

Objetivos: Evaluar variables emocionales (ansiedad, depresión), cognitivas (catastrofismo, autoeficacia percibida) y conductuales (estrategias de afrontamiento); conocer de qué modo este tipo de variables influyen en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con enfermedades crónicas; analizar si existen diferencias significativas en función del género o del diagnóstico de enfermedad crónica en las variables psicológicas mencionadas; detectar si se dan diferencias significativas en las distintas dimensiones de calidad de vida entre población normal y población con enfermedades crónicas.

Método: Estudio descriptivo-correlacional realizado en los meses de febrero y marzo de 2015 en el que participaron 35 personas con diferentes diagnósticos de enfermedad crónica, de las cuales 24 (68.6%) eran mujeres y 11 (31.4%) varones.

Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que las variables emocionales repercuten en la calidad de vida, al igual que la autoeficacia y algunas estrategias de afrontamiento. Se encuentra además que las personas evaluadas presentan niveles de calidad de vida significativamente menores que la población general, y que parecen existir pocas diferencias en las variables evaluadas entre personas con diagnósticos diferentes y entre hombres y mujeres.

Conclusiones: Las variables psicológicas juegan un papel importante en la calidad de vida de las personas con enfermedades crónicas, por lo que es necesario abordarlas. Los resultados obtenidos son acordes a los encontrados en estudios previos, aunque es recomendable seguir investigando con muestras más amplias.  
Qualidade de vida e morbidade referida de mulheres produtivamente ativas
Authors: Rodrigues Margarete Maria , Fernandes Rosa Áurea Quintella
Published: April 2017

Introducción: Morbilidad referida, hábitos de vida y calidad de vida es una tríada que parece estar alineada y ha sido poco explorada en el contexto de vida de las mujeres.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar el índice de calidad de vida de mujeres productivamente activas y asociarlo con la morbilidad referida y hábitos de vida.

Método: Estudio descriptivo, analítico, transversal. La muestra se constituyó de 121 mujeres que trabajan en una institución de salud de la ciudad  de São Paulo, Brasil. Para medir la calidad de vida se utilizó el instrumento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, WHOQOL-BREF. .

Resultados: La calidad de vida general de las mujeres por la media total de los marcadores (63,7) puede ser considerada buena. El dominio con peor media fue el ambiental (54,6). Hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la comparación entre las mujeres que refirieron o no problemas de salud (p=0,035) y entre las mujeres que sienten o no dolor en el dominio físico (p=0,001) y en el general (p=0,003). No hubo asociación entre la calidad de vida y los hábitos de salud.

Conclusión: Los hábitos de salud no interfirieron en la calidad de vida en esta muestra y que las morbilidades referidas y el dolor interfirieron negativamente en la calidad de vida de esas mujeres.
Perfil socio-demográfico de los cuidadores de los pacientes geriátricos hospitalizados mayores de 75 años y su relación con la satisfacción
Authors: Hanzeliková Pogrányivá Alica , López Muñóz Francisco , Fusté Moreno Rafael
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: Determinar/establecer la relación entre los factores socio-demográficos y las dimensiones de calidad de atención del cuidado y satisfacción en los cuidadores de los pacientes geriátricos agudos ingresados en el Hospital Virgen del Valle (Toledo, España).

Metodología: Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Ámbito de estudio: Hospital geriátrico de Toledo (España).Sujetos de estudio: Cuidadores principales de los pacientes geriátricos ingresados en el Hospital Virgen del Valle de Toledo, en las Unidades de Agudos. Tamaño muestral: 267 cuidadores (p= 0.5, intervalo de confianza del 95%, e= 0.06).Instrumento de medida; Cuestionario validado, basado en el modelo SERVQUAL, para medir la satisfacción con la atención recibida. Determinaciones: Para determinar el efecto de las variables predictoras en el nivel de satisfacción, se realizaron análisis de regresión lineal simple y multivariante.

Resultados: La valoración global sobre la satisfacción general con la atención y con los cuidados es “mediatamente buena”, siempre obteniendo puntuación más alta en la valoración de los cuidados que en la atención en general. En relación con los ítems estudiados sobre la satisfacción y sobre las dimensiones de calidad y perfil del cuidador, se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en: género, edad, nivel de estudios del cuidador, tiempo de hospitalización, nivel de dependencia del enfermo, comparten domicilio o no, e ingresos anteriores.

Conclusión-Esencia: Existe una necesidad urgente de aumentar el nivel de conocimiento sobre los cuidadores y conocer sus expectativas sobre el cuidado, para elaborar estrategias de cuidado acordes con sus preferencias. El conocimiento de las deficiencias detectadas sobre el cuidado proporciona a los profesionales datos sobre donde se debe intervenir para conseguir cambios favorables para aumentar la satisfacción.
Revisión sistemática de las complicaciones de los dispositivos de administración de tratamiento al paciente oncológico
Authors: Toril Rubio Marina , Rodríguez Borrego María Aurora
Published: April 2017

Objetivos: Conocer la producción científica que hay en relación a los dispositivos de administración de tratamiento al paciente oncológico, así como conocer las principales complicaciones de los Catéteres Venosos Centrales con reservorio (Port-A-Cath) y los Catéteres Centrales Insertados Percutáneamente (CCIP).

Metodología: Estudio de revisión sistemática de la literatura científica en las bases de datos, cuya recogida de datos se realizó de enero a mayo de 2015.

Resultados: Se seleccionaron un total de 124 artículos por título y resumen. De ellos, 42 documentos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. La producción científica de los Port-A-Cath es mayor que de los CCIP y las complicaciones infecciosas y trombóticas son las más frecuentes en ambos dispositivos.

Conclusiones: La mayoría de las complicaciones pueden ser prevenidas ya que se desarrollan debido a errores en la implantación del dispositivo o a unos cuidados inapropiados. Es difícil determinar qué dispositivo proporciona mayor calidad de vida, aunque los pacientes suelen preferir los Port-A-Cath por su resultado estético.
La ruine postindustrielle, le temps de l’image
Authors: Paquet Suzanne
Published: April 2017

Au filtre de la spatio-temporalité qui est particulière à la photographie, ce texte examine la fabrique d’images de ruines urbaines par les adeptes de l’urbex(exploration urbaine), suivant trois axes : l’image fixe, le mouvement – des images tout aussi bien que celui des explorateurs – et l’interface. Étudier la production photographique des explorateurs urbains permet de comprendre le rôle et l’action des images dans la création de communautés d’internautes. Les explorateurs agissent en effet dans un espace de circulation pour ainsi dire en extension, le web et les images qui y sont publiées reflétant et dévoilant les lieux mêmes de l’exploration, tout en créant un espaceautre, non seulement lieu d’échanges et de discussion, mais aussi lieu de mémoire et de documentation.
Les enfants singuliers
Authors: Isimat-Mirin Patricia Myriam
Published: April 2017

Les enfants handicapés dits singuliers en Afrique traditionnelle appartiennent à la famille, au groupe et à la communauté où chacun a sa place et son rôle, le surnaturel aussi et tout ce qui arrive a une explication. Avec la déstructuration des sociétés traditionnelles, le noyau familial se rétrécit et les parents d’enfants handicapés perdent leurs repères, ne sachant comment faire face seuls à ces enfants, surtout en ville. C’est là que l’état moderne, y compris le médiateur de la République, doit faire le point sur la situation de ces enfants, intervenir et proposer des solutions dans une perspective globale de ce qu’on appelle le développement. La note de réflexion a essayé de rappeler l’état des croyances les plus répandues sur les enfants singuliers en Afrique francophone, relevé quelques recherches en cours sur leurs conditions de vie et exprimé quelques recommandations.
Quid du droit à la santé mentale de l’enfant particulièrement vulnérable : enfant réfugié, enfant en conflit avec la loi, enfant impliqué dans les conflits armés,…!
Authors: Barry Thierno Souleymane
Published: April 2017

Le droit à la santé est garanti à l’enfant par laConvention relative aux droits de l’enfant. Ce droit englobe toutes les acceptions de la santé de l’enfant dans ses dimensions physiques, affectives, mentales et psychologiques et son accès devrait être ouvert à toutes les catégories d’enfant. Cependant, dans la réalité, les mesures de sa mise en oeuvre se concentrent assez souvent sur sa dimension « bien-être physique » de l’enfant et son aspect psychologique est souvent négligé. Même dans un tel schéma, les enfants en situation d’extrême vulnérabilité ne sont pas suffisamment couverts par les mesures sanitaires ou de telles mesures, lorsqu’elles existent, souffrent de manque d’adaptation à ces catégories particulières.

Dans la présente étude, il s’agira d’analyser les contours de l’article 24 et des dispositions voisines (articles 25 et 26) de laConvention relative aux droits de l’enfant, dispositions relatives au droit à la santé de l’enfant en général, d’une part d’autre part, l’étude se concentrera sur les particularismes de ce droit lorsqu’il doit s’appliquer dans le cas des enfants particulièrement vulnérables comme le sont les enfants réfugiés et/ou non accompagnés, les enfants en conflit avec la loi, les enfants impliqués dans les conflits armés et d’autres enfants entrant dans la même catégorie. Une troisième partie sera consacrée à proposer des pistes de solution pour la prise en compte efficiente de l’accès à la santé de ces catégories d’enfants particulièrement vulnérables.
Le critère de la dangerosité et l’admission involontaire du patient mineur en matière de santé mentale : une impasse pour la pédopsychiatrie?
Authors: Léger-Riopel1 Nicholas
Published: April 2017

La législation concernant la santé mentale dans une variété de juridictions, bien souvent inscrites dans la tradition juridique deCommon Law,prévoit la prise en compte d’un critère dedangerositélorsqu’il est question de l’admission psychiatrique dite « involontaire » d’un patient. Ce texte proposera tout d’abord, la prise en compte du contexte tout particulier qui a mené à l’émergence du critère de la dangerosité comme standard communément utilisé pour juger du caractère justifié de l’admission psychiatrique dite involontaire d’un patient. La partie II identifiera certains obstacles, épistémologiques par nature, identifiés par la littérature s’agissant des limites à l’(in)capacité de la psychiatrie d’établir un risque futur de dangerosité chez un patient. Dans la dernière section, nous évaluerons de quelle manière le critère de la dangerosité trouve une application médico-légale chez l’enfant et les jeunes, tout en soulevant les risques liés à l’adoption d’unenorme de l’anormallors de l’évaluation pédopsychiatrique du patient.
L’illusio de The House of the Seven Gables de Nathaniel Hawthorne dans « les Deux Familles ou la Maison des sept pignons » et la Maison aux sept pignons
Authors: Arsenault Julie
Published: April 2017

Durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, les éditeurs et les traducteurs français proposent des traductions de nouveaux auteurs américains aux lecteurs français, dont celles de Nathaniel Hawthorne. Cet article vise à tenter d’établir et d’expliquer le sort réservé à l’illusio de The House of the Seven Gables dans « Les Deux Familles ou la maison des sept pignons » (une traduction anonyme qui paraît dans la Revue britannique en 1852) et la Maison aux sept pignons (une traduction d’Émile Daurand Forgues publiée par Hachette en 1865). Pour ce faire, un état des lieux du milieu du XIXe siècle prenant en compte la censure, la « révolution Charpentier » et le roman-feuilleton, et les conceptions de la traduction est d’abord proposé. Puis, les résultats d’une analyse contrastive du contexte historique (le coeur du roman) du texte source et des textes cibles est présentée.
De Sow Fall à Fatou Diome : mécanismes d’une métafiction de l’immigration
Authors: Diouf Mbaye
Published: April 2017

Cet article s’intéresse aux mécanismes d’organisation et de fonctionnement de l’énonciation de l’immigration dans le roman féminin francophone. Il examine différemment un sujet souvent étudié à travers des grilles d’analyse inspirées par l’anthropologie sociale ou la mode féministe et qui figent encore l’interprétation des textes féminins dans des perceptions quasi « immuables ». Pourtant, l’analyse des romans d’Aminata Sow Fall et de Fatou Diome découvre les ressorts d’une « métafiction ironique » qui sémantise autrement les formes modernes et les expériences personnelles de l’immigration en reliant leur performance textuelle à de nouveaux procédés de construction et d’inscription du sens romanesques. C’est à partir de ce lieu ouvert que cette performance textuelle déjoue les frontières critiques et théoriques rigides et renverse, dans une ambiance carnavalesque, des discours sociaux bien ancrés.
The Effect of Automatic Speech Recognition EyeSpeak Software on Iraqi Students’ English Pronunciation: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fathi Sidig Sidgi Lina , Jelani Shaari Ahmad
Published: April 2017

The use of technology, such as computer-assisted language learning (CALL), is used in teaching and learning in the foreign language classrooms where it is most needed. One promising emerging technology that supports language learning is automatic speech recognition (ASR). Integrating such technology, especially in the instruction of pronunciation in the classroom, is important in helping students to achieve correct pronunciation. In Iraq, English is a foreign language, and it is not surprising that learners commit many pronunciation mistakes. One factor contributing to these mistakes is the difference between the Arabic and English phonetic systems. Thus, the sound transformation from the mother tongue (Arabic) to the target language (English) is one barrier for Arab learners. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of using automatic speech recognition ASR EyeSpeak software in improving the pronunciation of Iraqi learners of English. An experimental research project with a pretest-posttest design is conducted over a one-month period in the Department of English at Al-Turath University College in Baghdad, Iraq. The ten participants are randomly selected first-year college students enrolled in a pronunciation class that uses traditional teaching methods and ASR EyeSpeak software. The findings show that using EyeSpeak software leads to a significant improvement in the students’ English pronunciation, evident from the test scores they achieve after using EyeSpeak software.
Looking into the crystal ball – Swedish radiology 2025. A qualitative study of possible future scenarios
Authors: Fridell Kent , Ekberg Jessica
Published: April 2017

During the 20th century, the field of radiology experienced extraordinary growth and became an essential component of the practice of clinical medicine (Chan, 2002). In the 21st century, it is likely that radiology will continue to grow by interfacing with new and important domains such as information technology, molecular biology new tracers in nuclear medicine. This will require radiologists to understand the gaps between the new frontiers and the traditional core of radiology.This article introduce the reader to one strategy management method, Scenario Planning, to identify, analyze and present four scenarios for the Swedish Radiology 2025. It also presents the trends that will affect the future of radiology
Knowledge management: Progressing from a question to doing a systematic literature search
Authors: Nordsteien Anita
Published: April 2017

In the first number of Radiography Open, the article - Knowledge management: How to find the best knowledge sources was published (Nordsteien, 2014). Several free access research databases and resources were presented relating to evidence-based practice (Nortvedt et al., 2012) and the knowledge pyramid of Dicenso, Bayley and Haynes (2009). It is often possible to find a specific article by searching for the title in Google. To find any article on a topic, you will probably succeed by entering the subject in the search field of research databases. However, if the aim is to find all or the best information about a topic, you have to use advanced search techniques. Illustrating how to do a systematic literature search is the aim of this second brief article on knowledge management.
De gode strålene
Authors: Hanssen Solveig Ruthsdatter
Published: April 2017

En bokanmeldelse.
Optimization of Codman® Hakim® adjustable valve radiography
Authors: Bremnes Alexander , Kubosch Lise Kristin , Ween Borgny
Published: April 2017

Purpose Cerebrospinal fluid shunt valves is an important tool in hydrocephalus treatment. Adjustable valves, sensitive to MRI, are onerous. They need be controlled; in case of re-settings. The vendor give advices for the radiographic procedure; however, hospitals use variations. The purpose was to investigate the different variations. Method Eight images consisting combinations of protocol features, were subjectively and anonymous rated for image quality. The panel consisted of 60 professionals; 50 radiographers and 10 radiologists, from two hospitals doing neurosurgery services. Signal-to-noise ratio compared the level of desired signal to the level of background noise. Results 348 scores were distributed onto all eight images, revealing the image quality difference was within acceptance. Options as valve on the head side near to the detector versus far to; differing geometry, use of head bowl versus not use, air-gap versus grids, were favored by both professional groups and at both hospitals in a clear priority image, given 2.5 times scores over average (108/43). Noise, revealed being the strongest indicator for priority of the best image for shunt evaluation. ConclusionsIt is a potential to improve image optimization in shunt radiography.
Characterization of Urinary Tract Stones with Dual Energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Yadav Baidyanath , Maharjan Surendra
Published: April 2017

Introduction. Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) scan can provides simple and reliable differentiation between uric acid and non-uric acid stones. The characterization of various stones was based on the dual energy ratio and x-ray attenuation or HU. Methodology. A prospective study was conducted among 101 adult patients in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Nepal. Informed written consent was obtained from all the participants. The standard low doses CT KUB were performed in multi-slice CT scanner (Siemens Somatom Definition AS+ 128 slice) at 120 kVp and 250 mAs. When stones were detected, second dual energy scans using 80 kVp and 140 kVp were obtained focusing only on the region of stones for their characterization. After post processing and graphical analysis at Syngo Via work station, the components of the stones were identified. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v21.0 software.Results. Out of 101 patients, 49 (48.5%) had calcium oxalate stones, 17 (16.87%) had uric acid stones, 16 (15.8%) had hydroxyapatite, 15 (14.9%) had cystine and 4 (4%) had mixed type of stones. Dual energy ratios were ranged from 0.55-1.11 for uric acid stone, 1.12-1.24 for cystine and more than 1.24 for calcium oxalate and hydroxyapatite stones. The mean HU noted in our study were; for uric acid stones (461.12 ± 119 HU at 80 kV, 449 ± 98.5 HU at 140 kV), for cystine (870.79 ± 386 at 80 kV, 743 ± 341 at 140 kV), for calcium oxalate (1246 ± 448 at 80 kV, 915 ± 316 at 140 kV) for hydroxyapatite (1301 ± 387 at 80 kV, 896 ± 315 at 140 kV) and mixed stone had (779.25 ± 269 HU at 80 kV, 665.5 ± 252 HU at 140 kV).
A farnesoic acid‐responsive transcription factor, Hot1, regulates yeast‐hypha morphogenesis in Candida albicans
Authors: Ahn Chan‐Hong , Lee Sohyoung , Cho Eunji , Kim Heegyu , Chung Beomkoo , Park Wanki , Shin Jongheon , Oh Ki‐Bong
Published: March 2017

Candida albicans hyphal formation is inhibited by a quorum‐sensing molecule, farnesoic acid, which accumulates in the medium as the cells proliferate. We recently showed that Pho81 is essential for the inhibition of hyphal growth by farnesoic acid. Here, we describe a newly identified regulator, Hot1, which increases the expression of PHO81. The binding site of Hot1 in the PHO81 promoter region was identified by DNase I protection assay. The hot1Δ mutant grows extensively as filaments. Furthermore, the inhibition of hyphal formation and the repression of major signaling pathway components in response to farnesoic acid are defective in hot1Δ mutant cells. These data suggest an important role for HOT1 in the inhibition of hyphal development by farnesoic acid in this fungus.
An experimental comparison of human and bovine rhodopsin provides insight into the molecular basis of retinal disease
Authors: Morrow James M. , Castiglione Gianni M. , Dungan Sarah Z. , Tang Portia L. , Bhattacharyya Nihar , Hauser Frances E. , Chang Belinda S.W.
Published: March 2017

Rhodopsin is the visual pigment that mediates dim‐light vision in vertebrates and is a model system for the study of retinal disease. The majority of rhodopsin experiments are performed using bovine rhodopsin; however, recent evidence suggests that significant functional differences exist among mammalian rhodopsins. In this study, we identify differences in both thermal decay and light‐activated retinal release rates between bovine and human rhodopsin and perform mutagenesis studies to highlight two clusters of substitutions that contribute to these differences. We also demonstrate that the retinitis pigmentosa‐associated mutation G51A behaves differently in human rhodopsin compared to bovine rhodopsin and determine that the thermal decay rate of an ancestrally reconstructed mammalian rhodopsin displays an intermediate phenotype compared to the two extant pigments.
Snowpack density modeling is the primary source of uncertainty when mapping basin‐wide SWE with lidar
Authors: Raleigh Mark S. , Small Eric E.
Published: March 2017

Lidar‐measured snow depth and model‐estimated snow density can be combined to map snow water equivalent (SWE). This approach has the potential to transform research and operations in snow‐dominated regions, but sources of uncertainty need quantification. We compared relative uncertainty contributions from lidar depth measurement and density modeling to SWE estimation, utilizing lidar data from the Tuolumne Basin (California). We found a density uncertainty of 0.048 g cm−3 by comparing output from four models. For typical lidar depth uncertainty (8 cm), density estimation was the dominant source of SWE uncertainty when snow exceeded 60 cm depth, representing >70% of snow cover and 90% of SWE volume throughout the basin in both 2014 and 2016. Density uncertainty accounts for 75% of the SWE uncertainty for a broader range of snowpack characteristics, as measured at SNOTEL stations throughout the western U.S. Reducing density uncertainty is essential for improved SWE mapping with lidar.
Geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust and Moho beneath Satluj valley, northwest Himalaya: Constraints from receiver function analysis
Authors: Hazarika Devajit , Wadhawan Monika , Paul Arpita , Kumar Naresh , Borah Kajaljyoti
Published: March 2017

Crustal configuration beneath the Satluj valley region of the northwest Himalaya has been studied with the help of receiver function analysis of teleseismic earthquakes recorded by 18 broadband seismological stations. These stations were located on diverse geotectonic units from the Himalayan foreland basin in the south to the Tethyan Himalaya (TH) in the north. A gentle north dipping structure of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) is imaged between the Sub and Higher Himalaya in contrast to the reported ramp structure of the MHT beneath the Garhwal and Nepal Himalaya. The ramp structure is, however, identified further north, beyond the South Tibetan Detachment in Satluj valley. The depth of the MHT varies from ~16 to 27 km across the Sub, Lesser, and Higher Himalaya, and it increases to ~38 km beneath the TH forming a ramp. This is significantly a different structure of the MHT beneath the Satluj valley, which is attributed to the effect of underthrusting Delhi‐Hardwar Ridge, a transverse structure to the Himalayan arc. Conspicuously, no strong or large earthquake is observed during 1964–2015 in this segment of the Himalayan Seismic Belt. The RF modeling, on the other hand, shows ~44 km crustal thickness beneath the Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), and it gradually increases to ~62 km beneath the TH. Low shear wave velocity (~0.8–1.8 km s−1) is observed in the uppermost 3–4 km of the crust beneath the stations near the HFT, which may be the effect of the sedimentary column of the Indo‐Gangetic Plain.
Physical and Biogeochemical Controls of the Phytoplankton Blooms in North Western Mediterranean Sea: A Multiplatform Approach Over a Complete Annual Cycle (2012–2013 DEWEX Experiment)
Authors: Mayot Nicolas , D'Ortenzio Fabrizio , Taillandier Vincent , Prieur Louis , de Fommervault Orens Pasqueron , Claustre Hervé , Bosse Anthony , Testor Pierre , Conan Pascal
Published: March 2017

The North Western Mediterranean Sea exhibits recurrent and significant autumnal and spring phytoplankton blooms. The existence of these two blooms coincides with typical temperate dynamics. To determine the potential control of physical and biogeochemical factors on these phytoplankton blooms, data from a multiplatform approach (combining ships, Argo and BGC‐Argo floats, and bio‐optical gliders) were analyzed in association with satellite observations in 2012–2013. The satellite framework allowed a simultaneous analysis over the whole annual cycle of in situ observations of mixed layer depth, photosynthetical available radiation, particle backscattering, nutrients (nitrate and silicate), and chlorophyll‐a concentrations. During the year 2012–2013, satellite ocean color observations, confirmed by in situ data, have revealed the existence of two areas (or bioregions) with comparable autumnal blooms but contrasting spring blooms. In both bioregions, the ratio of the euphotic zone (defined as the isolume 0.415 mol photons m−2 d−1, Z0.415) and the MLD identified the initiation of the autumnal bloom, as well as the maximal annual increase in [Chl‐a] in spring. In fact, the autumnal phytoplankton bloom might be initiated by mixing of the summer shallowing deep chlorophyll maximum, while the spring restratification (when Z0.415/MLD ratio became >1) might induce surface phytoplankton production that largely overcomes the losses. Finally, winter deep convection events that took place in one of the bioregions induced higher net accumulation rate of phytoplankton in spring associated with a diatom‐dominated phytoplankton community principally. We suggest that very deep winter MLD lead to an increase in surface silicates availability, which favored the development of diatoms.
Modeling Postconvective Submesoscale Coherent Vortices in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Damien P. , Bosse A. , Testor P. , Marsaleix P. , Estournel C.
Published: March 2017

For the first time, the formation of submesoscale coherent vortices (SCVs) during intermediate and deep convection events is documented in a realistic high‐resolution (1 km) numerical simulation of the oceanic circulation in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Winter intermediate and deep convection leads to the formation of anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies with lifetimes exceeding 1 year. By focusing on three typical eddies, the main characteristics of such vortices are discussed. The anticyclonic eddies are typical of SCVs observed in deep convection areas so far. They are characterized by a small radius (∼6.5 km) and orbital peak velocities of about 7 cm/s located at great depth (∼1500 m) or intermediate depth (∼500 m). The cyclonic vortices show very similar characteristics, such as a high Rossby number (∼0.4), but with surface‐intensified structures. The long lifetimes of both anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies reflect very slow diffusive processes between their core and their surroundings and a strong resistance to external perturbations. These long‐lived eddies are found to participate in the spreading of a significant portion (from 15 to 35%) of the convected waters in the Gulf of Lions and contribute to the ventilation of the deep basin.
An idealized study of near equatorial river plumes
Authors: Palma Elbio D. , Matano Ricardo P.
Published: March 2017

The dynamics of near equatorial river plumes (NERPs) are investigated using a highly idealized model. The spreading of a NERP from an eastern boundary is characterized by a continuous shedding of westward propagating eddies. This process transfers the bulk of the freshwater discharge to the deep ocean, thus distinguishing NERPs from their midlatitude counterparts. In the long‐term limit, a NERP can be rationalized as a β‐plume emanating from a coastal source. The evolution of NERPs in an unstratified basin is quite different from that in a stratified one. The spin‐up in an unstratified basin is characterized by the formation of an anticyclonic bulge, which spreads westward thus creating a density stratification that favors the subsequent development of smaller and faster moving secondary eddies. The collision of the secondary eddies with the leading bulge arrests the effects of mixing thus allowing the further spreading of the buoyancy anomaly. In a stratified basin, the generation of anticyclonic eddies is accompanied by a concurrent generation of cyclones, which pump saltier waters to the surface hence leading to smaller sea surface salinity (SSS) anomalies. NERPs are sensitive to variations of the freshwater flux (Qfw) and the geomorphological setting. Larger Qfw generates bigger eddies, which spread at a rate proportional to the square root of the normalized flux. Wide shelves allow the interaction of the eddies with the bottom, thus promoting a cyclonic shift of the axis of the eddy train. The inclination of the coast affects the dynamical balance controlling the near‐field behavior of NERPs.