bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Biological Control on Two Knapweed Species in British Columbia
Authors: Gayton Don , Miller Val
Published: November 2022

Diffuse and spotted knapweed (Centaurea diffusa Lam and C. stoebe L.) are two closely related invasives found in many parts of British Columbia’s Southern Interior, causing substantial economic losses in rangelands. Beginning in 1970, the provincial government initiated a long-term biological control effort against the knapweeds, introducing 10 different insect agents from 1970 to 1987. In an effort to evaluate the efficacy of the program, archival (1983–2008) data was amassed from 19 vegetation monitoring sites that contained knapweed. In 2010, these sites were relocated and re-monitored and cover values were analyzed. Diffuse knapweed showed significant declines at 14 of 15 sites; spotted knapweed declined at three of four sites. Possible alternative explanations for the decline are discussed. Evidence strongly points to a suite of biocontrol agents (seed feeders and root feeders) as the primary drivers of knapweed decline in British Columbia’s Southern Interior.
The 9 Habits of Highly Effective Resource Economies: Lessons for Canada
Authors: Gayton Don
Published: November 2022

n/a
Documenting Fire History in a British Columbia Ecological Reserve
Authors: Gayton Don
Published: November 2022

Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) ecosystems in British Columbia have high concentrations of biodiversity and species at risk, and numerous studies suggest frequent, low-intensity fire was a traditional disturbance pattern in this ecosystem type. Fire history was analyzed in the Trout Creek Ecological Reserve near Summerland, BC, a 75 ha parcel in the PPxh1 biogeoclimatic variant.The area’s fire history spans from 1715 to 1952, with a mean area fire interval of 18 years. Fire management options are reviewed.
Grassland and Forest Understory Vegetation Monitoring: An Introduction to Field Methods
Authors: Gayton Don
Published: November 2022

Quantitative methodologies of grassland and forest understory vegetation monitoring are introduced and compared. Visual cover estimates, line intercept, point intercept, belt transect, basal area and biomass monitoring methods are explained from a field perspective. An annotated bibliography is attached.
Trends in renewable resource management in BC
Authors: Eastman Don Sidney , Archibald Ralph , Ellis Rick , Nyberg Brian
Published: November 2022

We examined trends in legal responsibilities, budgets and staffing, primarily for the BC government’s renewable resource ministries (forests, fish, wildlife, and parks). Legal responsibilities (complexity) of forest management expanded substantially from 1912 to 2011, almost tripling in the last 25 years. Government expenditures on renewable resources increased steadily from 1975 to 1997, but decreased by approximately half since then. However, the budgets for the remaining “non-resource” sectors of government more than doubled since 1997. The number of professional foresters employed in both government and industry has declined in recent years, more so in industry. Although the total number of professional biologists in the province has increased steadily since 1980, the Ministry of Environment has lost nearly 30 percent of its biologists since 2002. These decreases in funding and staffing jeopardize key management functions, and put the province’s renewable natural resources at increasing risk
Badger Resource Selection in the Rocky Mountain Trench of British Columbia
Authors: Kinley Trevor A. , Whittington Jesse , Dibb Alan D. , Newhouse Nancy J.
Published: November 2022

Conservation of species at risk requires an understanding of resource-selection patterns and habitat distribution. We used 1,795 radio-telemetry locations from 55 study animals to model resource selection for an endangered population of American badger (Taxidea taxus jeffersonii, eastern population) in the Rocky Mountain Trench of British Columbia. The badgers were associated with low elevations, shallow slopes, high solar radiation, and low crown closure. They selected higher elevations only on sites with shallow slopes or high solar radiation. Compared to mesic low-elevation forests, badgers selected locations where the climax ecoclass was riparian forest or very open low-elevation forest. In comparison to Douglas-fir stands, badgers selected clearings, moist forest, and open range. They avoided lodgepole pine stands, western larch stands, and wet areas. Relative to the Brunisol soil order, they avoided Podzolic – Luvisolic and Regosolic-Gleysolic orders. Compared to Morainal soil parent material, the badgers avoided colluvial, rock, aeolian, and anthropogenic and selected for glaciolacustrine parent material. Results were consistent both with expectations from other provincial studies and with cover types used by Columbian ground squirrels (Spermophilus columbianus), which are their main prey. Our model provides a spatially explicit tool to prioritize areas for restoration or critical habitat designation. Reduction of crown closure would benefit badgers, and would probably be the most advantageous on Brunisolic or Chernozemic soils and glaciolacustrine parent material.
Queuing up the Olives: Confronting an Invasive Tree
Authors: Gayton Don
Published: November 2022

The Russian olive tree (eleagnus angustifolia—no relation to the real olive) was brought to North America from southern Europe in the early 1900s, first as a windbreak tree and later as a drought-tolerant ornamental.
Bringing Adaptation to Ground in British Columbia
Authors: Stevens Tory , Cadrin Carmen
Published: November 2022

Natural resource practitioners are increasingly making decisions that consider future climates. This article examines the regional patterns of change in temperature and precipitation within British Columbia. Based on a review of the literature, regionally specifictables are provided with examples of conservation-oriented adaptation actions to helpspecies and ecosystems adapt to future conditions.
LiDAR as an Advanced Remote Sensing Technology to Augment Ecosystem Classification and Mapping
Authors: Campbell Lorraine , Coops Nicolas C. , Saunders Sari C.
Published: November 2022

Observing landscape patterns at various temporal and spatial scales is central to classifying and mapping ecosystems. Traditionally, ecosystem mapping is undertaken through a combination of fieldwork and aerial photography interpretation. These methods, however, are time-consuming, prone to subjectivity, and difficult to update. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is an advanced remote sensing technology that has rapidly increased in application in the past decade and has the potential to significantly increase and refine information content of ecosystem mapping, especially in the vertical dimension. LiDAR technology is therefore well-suited to providing detailed information on topography and vegetation structure and has considerable potential to be used for ecosystem classification and mapping. In this article, the potential to use LiDAR data to advance ecosystem mapping is examined. The current state of the science for using LiDAR data to classify and map key ecosystem attributes within an existing ecosystem mapping scheme is discussed by focusing on British Columbia Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping and its associated Predictive Ecosystem Mapping. The article concludes by summarizing which components of ecosystem mapping and classification are best suited to the application of LiDAR data, followed by a discussion of the feasibility and future directions for mapping ecosystems with LiDAR technology.
A Landscape Disturbance Matrix for Conserving Biodiversity
Authors: Leverkus Sonia , Fuhlendorf Samuel D. , Geertsema Marten , Elmore R. Dwayne , Engle David M. , Baum Kristen A.
Published: November 2022

No single disturbance regime is suitable for maintaining ecological patterns and processes across an entire landscape when viewed broadly from an ecological perspective. Some species may require high-frequency and high-intensity disturbance, while others may require low-frequency and low-intensity disturbance. Across a large landscape, specific sites with certain features, slopes, and topography also provide important elements for the structure and function of the landscape. These sites, coupled with varying time since disturbance, provide diverse spatial mosaics across landscapes and are essential for biodiversity. Traditional land management has employed a simplistic view of natural processes. The result on large landscapes is that patterns derived from these processes are not comprehensively understood, accepted, or applied. In most landscapes, traditional management has not promoted heterogeneity so that all possible conditions are represented. However, based on all available evidence, creating heterogeneity and a shifting mosaic across the landscape should be a primary objective if conservation of biodiversity is the goal. This article introduces the concept of the landscape disturbance matrix (LDM) as a framework for strategic landscape planning that encompasses time since disturbance at multiple sites. This concept keys in on the needs of priority wildlife species, which have varying responses to time since disturbance. In this article, a large management area in northeastern British Columbia is used to demonstrate that managing change in the landscape for multiple times since disturbance on multiple sites will promote multi-functionality and biodiversity, thereby providing an objective basis for land management planning. A forward planning approach such as the LDM also provides a foundation for ecological resilience and disturbance-absorbent landscapes, thereby allowing land managers to plan for the future based on the past and current disturbance regimes.
Nest Habitat Selection of Western Screech-Owls (Megascops kennicottii macfarlanei) at Multiple Spatial Scales in Southeast British Columbia
Authors: Hausleitner Doris , Dulisse Jakob , Manley Irene , Waterhouse Amy
Published: November 2022

The interior Western Screech-Owl (Megascops kennicottii macfarlanei) has been assessed as a species at risk. Regionally, survival rates are low, particularly during nesting. This study uses forward stepwise logistic regression to assess habitat selection at the tree, patch (150m2), and stand scales for twelve nests (the largest sample in any one region). At the patch scale, nest sites had more coniferous cover (33% versus 16%) than random. At the stand level, owls selected medium-age forests within an agricultural landscape, highlighting the need to conserve these habitats. While black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) and trembling aspen (P. tremuloides) are important nest tree species, riparian forests with coniferous cover, particularly western redcedar (Thuja plicata), may be more important for nesting in regional populations than previously realized.
The Reliability and Application of Methods Used to Predict Suitable Nesting Habitat for Marbled Murrelets
Authors: Burger Alan , Waterhouse F. Louise , Deal John , Lank David , Donald David S.
Published: November 2022

Identifying and mapping suitable nesting habitat within coastal forests is a key element in the recovery and management of the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus), which is listed as Threatened in Canada. This article reviews the reliability and application of three primary methods used to assess habitat suitability: the BC Model, a GIS-based algorithm using Vegetation Resources Inventory (VRI); air photo interpretation (API), direct assessments from air photos based on forest structure; and low-level aerial surveys (LLAS), helicopter surveys assessing forest canopy structure and the presence of potential nest platforms. In general, LLAS provides the most reliable identification and is the only method of the three that estimates the occurrence of potential nest platforms in the forest canopy. The other two methods, API and the BC Model, are substantially less reliable in identifying habitat actually used by nesting murrelets. Spatial scale and survey intensity affect habitat classification using all three methods. Generally, fine-scale (~3 ha), high-intensity classifications with LLAS and API are more likely to detect suitable habitat at known nest sites than those using medium-scale (10s or 100s ha) and/or low-intensity classifications. Even with fine-scale high-intensity application, 15% and 25% of known nest sites were still classified as “unsuitable” habitat with LLAS and API, respectively. All three methods applied at the medium scale for mapping appeared to miss fine-scale nesting habitat (i.e., small numbers of suitable trees occurring in otherwise unsuitable habitat). Areas of mapped suitable habitat can therefore be adjusted to take this discrepancy into account, and methods to do this are discussed.
Comparison of Two Treatment Regimes for Managing Western Balsam Bark Beetle
Authors: Maclauchlan Lorraine E. , Brooks Julie E.
Published: November 2022

The efficacy of pheromone-baited, standing subalpine fir Abies lasiocarpa (Hook) Nutt. and felled green trap trees was tested in southern British Columbia as potential manage- ment techniques for containing western balsam bark beetle Dryocoetes confusus Swaine populations prior to logging. In the year treatments were deployed, standing trees in close proximity to baited trees had significantly higher levels of current attack than those near felled trap trees or in control blocks. The control blocks had the lowest level of current at- tack. Diameters of attacked trees were significantly greater than unattacked trees in all treatments. Naturally attacked, standing subalpine fir had high levels of occupation (number of nuptial galleries) along the full length of the bole. Baited trees had similar levels of occupancy up to six metres in height. Felled green trees had lower occupancy than the baited or naturally attacked trees. Although baited trees concentrated attack into a discrete area, they did not artificially trigger an outbreak or further population expansion in the year following treatment. Felled trap trees appeared less attractive to western balsam bark beetle than natural, susceptible, standing subalpine fir; they are more difficult to de- ploy and therefore not recommended as a means of containing western balsam bark beetle prior to logging.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Geriatric Patient with a History of Minimal Change Disease
Authors: Alp Alper , Pektaş Gökhan , Çiriş İbrahim Metin
Published: November 2022

Background: The increase in the incidence of malignancies globally, and the increase in the usage frequency and types of new anti-cancer drugs, have made onconephrology more important in our clinical practice. Paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis constitutes an important part of this approach as well.
Purpose: The association of AML-nephrotic syndrome is relatively less defined in the literature compared to other hematological malignancies.
Case presentation: In this article, we present a case of acute myelocytic leukemia in a patient who was diagnosed with minimal change disease many years ago.
Discussion and Conclusion: Hematological malignancies-MCD association, is one of the best described examples of paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis. We know that cancer can be clinically diagnosed years after the detection of renal disease in paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis. In this case; rationality of follow-up, not only during the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis but also periodically in the long term, especially in clinical situations such as MCD that occur in geriatric patients, should be discussed.
Experimental study on the performance of multi-layered bulletproof vest
Authors: Sastranegara Azhari , Halawa Edmun , Anggraini Lydia
Published: November 2022

A bulletproof vest should have high strength and durability to resist a bullet as vital war equipment. However, the cost of creating good quality bulletproof vest is expensive. Therefore, research about an alternative bulletproof vest with affordable cost and competitive quality is needed. This research aims to review and compare two alternative vest types with one commercial type IV vest. Both alternative vests have similar components, except the second one has an additional Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) component. The ballistic test shows that alternative vests are still not enough to resist a 5.56 mm bullet, but it has the potency to handle a 9 mm bullet. Furthermore, the influence of UHMWPE to resist 9 mm bullets is shown in this research.
Product Design Development of Three-In-One Tote Bag Using The Kansei Engineering Method
Authors: Paripurna Yuda , Purnomo Hari
Published: November 2022

The existing tote bag designs are often open at the top and vulnerable to pickpockets. Straps cannot be adjusted in length. Narrow straps, size, and the weight of their bags are causing pain. This study aims to develop a multifunctional tote bag to meet consumer needs to make it easier to carry goods of various sizes using only one bag. The population in this research is women and tote bag users who live in Tuban, East Java. The sample in this study was 30 tote bag users determined using a purposive sampling technique with the criteria being tote bag users for at least one month and aged 16-45 years. The data collection tool in this study is the Google Form questionnaire. The method in this study uses Kansei Engineering. The data were analyzed by SPSS 26. The results 14 Kansei words represent consumer desires for product development of multifunctional tote bags and are grouped into four factors: function, appearance, impression, and capacity. The old tote bag design is different from the three-in-one tote bag design based on the results of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance value of 4 factors < 0.05.
Taguchi-based design of experiments to optimize the parameters of Hydrogen-Hydrogen-Oxygen based welding
Authors: Fajarwati Desi , Khaerudini Deni Shidqi
Published: November 2022

This study discusses the design of a hydrogen-hydrogen-oxygen (HHO) based welding tool, which uses the concept of water electrolysis through a dry cell generator. To determine the optimal design of the HHO dry cell generator, a design experiment was carried out using the Taguchi method by taking into account several parameters, namely the configuration of the electrode plate, the duty cycle Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), the type of catalyst, the electrolyte concentration, and the thickness of the gasket of the electrode plate. Each parameter is varied in 4 levels so that 16 kinds of experiments are obtained with an orthogonal array. In addition, the Combustion temperature data was collected after determining the optimal design. The experimental results show that this HHO-based welding tool is able to produce an average temperature reach of 1063.85 °C.
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of blade weed design using Ansys workbench
Authors: Prasetiyo Angger Bagus , Prastowo Rizqi , Sekarjati Kartinasari Ayuhikmatin , Susiana Anita , Ardiyat Ichwan Noor , Prabowo Fajar Yulianto , Assagaf Iman Pradana A. , Rohi Jemssy Ronald , Ito Yonathan
Published: November 2022

Manual, semi-conventional, and conventional weed eradication are the three forms of weed eradication utilized. Farmers benefit greatly from the usage of weeding equipment in combating pests in the fields. The blade you use determines how successful you are at weeding. As a result, it is required to examine the weeding weeds blade. With a tetrahedral mesh, simulation utilizing the finite element analysis approach allows for the optimization of design, computation, and prediction of material strength. The goal of this research was to figure out how much von Mises's stress, deformation, and safety factor were worth. ANSYS Workbench software was used to simulate various loadings of 10N, 25N, and 50N. The highest von Mises stress created by simulation of modelling weed blades at 10N, 25N, and 50N loads is around 2.95x10-2 MPa, 7.38x10-2 MPa, and 0.14755 MPa, respectively. Each of the safety factors is 15, and the maximum deformation value is 4.26x10-7mm; 1.06x10-6mm; 2.13x10-6mm. The safety factor indicates that the weed weeding knife design is safe to use up to 50N loading.
EPIDURAL ANALGESIA IN LABOUR AND ITS OBSTETRIC OUTCOME
Authors: Lakshmi Srujana , S.R SHEELA , N Kiran
Published: November 2022

• Introduction: Labour is a natural phenomenon which produces
intolerable pain that requires effective methods for pain relief which
is often challenging and complex task without regional analgesia.
Epidural analgesia is most widely accepted method used to reduce labour
pain. • Aims and Objectives: Assessment of epidural analgesia in pain
relief during labour, duration of different stages of labour, maternal
and foetal outcome. • Methodology: This study is a Prospective
Observational study conducted at RL JALAPPA Hospital, Kolar from January
2020 to June 2021.40 women admitted for normal vaginal delivery opting
labour analgesia were studied. Data collected was entered in Microsoft
excel spread sheet and results were analysed. • Results: The mean
duration of first stage of labour was153 minutes, mean duration of
second stage was 30minutes, and mean duration of third stage was 12
minutes. During first stage of labour, 20 women (52%) had no pain, 12
women (31%) had mild pain and 6 women (15%) had moderate pain. During
second stage of labour, 16 women (42%) had mild pain, 15 women (39%)
had no pain and 7 women (18%) had moderate pain .During third stage of
labour, 30 women (78.9%) had no pain and 8 women (21%) had mild pain.
The mean Apgar score of all babies at 1 minute was 7/10 and 5 minute was
9/10. • Conclusion: Epidural analgesia is a safe and effective technique
during labour and provides significant pain relief with excellent
patient satisfaction.
On geometry of focal surfaces due to Flc frame in Euclidean 3-space
Authors: ŞENYURT Süleyman
Published: November 2022

In this study, firstly, tube surfaces given with Flc frame are
introduced. The Gaussian and mean curvature of these surfaces were found
and their singular points were determined. By investigating the
conditions for parameter curves on the surface to be asymptotic,
geodesic and curvature lines, it has been shown that θ parameter
curves of the surface can never be asymptotic, but always geodesic. In
particular, it is concluded that the parameter curves t and
θ are curvature lines if they are planar curves. Afterwards, the
focal surfaces of the tube surfaces given with the Flc frame are
defined. By calculating the Gaussian and mean curvatures of these focal
surfaces, it was found that they are always developable and never
minimal. Afterwards, the conditions for parameter curves on the focal
surface to be asymptotic, geodesic and curvature lines were
investigated, and it was seen that the t parameter curves of the
surface could never be asymptotic and the θ parameter curves were
always asymptotic curves and curvature lines. Finally, examples of these
surfaces are given using the Maple program.
People with High Schizotypy Experience More Illusions in the Pattern Glare Test: Consistent with the Hyperexcitability Hypothesis
Authors: Torrens Wendy , Pablo Jenna , Shires Jorja , Haigh Sarah , Berryhill Marian
Published: November 2022

Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD)
exhibit a constellation of sensory and perceptual impairments, including
hyporeactivity to external input. However, individuals with SSD also
report subjective experiences of sensory flooding, suggesting sensory
hyperexcitability. To identify the extent to which behavioral indices of
hyperexcitability are related to non-psychotic symptoms of
schizophrenia, we tested a non-clinical population measured for
schizophrenia-like traits (schizotypy), and a behavioral measure of
sensory hyperexcitability, specifically the number of illusions seen in
the Pattern Glare Test. Two samples totaling 913 individuals completed
an online version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire – Brief
Revised (SPQ-BR) and the Pattern Glare Test. Individuals with higher
schizotypy traits reported more illusions in the Pattern Glare Test.
Additionally, one of the three SPQ-BR factors, the disorganized factor,
significantly predicted the number of illusions reported. These data
illustrate the potential for research in non-clinical samples to inform
clinically relevant research.
THE LANGUAGE STYLE USED IN PRESENTATION ON YOUTUBE BY ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Dwitamayanti Ni Kadek , Putra I Nyoman Adi Jaya , Saputra I Nyoman Pasek Hadi
Published: November 2022

People's thoughts on a particular topic were represented through language style. This study aimed at investigating kinds and functions of language style that students use when giving presentations on YouTube. There were a total of 15 students who took part in the study. A descriptive qualitative design was used in this study. The observation sheet and table classification of the types of language styles were used as research instruments. The findings revealed that concrete word (14%), abstract word (32%), general word (4%), specific word (4%), and scientific word (10%) were used in the language style based on diction. Meanwhile, antithesis (10%), repetition (10%), climax (12%), and anticlimax (4%) were among the language style based on sentence structure. Abstract word and climax made prominent appearances in both classifications, according to both data. The functions of the language style were expressive (18%), directive (43%), referential (17%), metalinguistic (7%), and phatic (15%). It suggested that directive had the most prominent expressions.
THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE ADVANTAGES OF GROUP DISCUSSION TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING SPEAKING AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE IN SMAN 1 VII KOTO SUNGAI SARIK
Authors: Fikrina Aulia , Arifmiboy Arifmiboy , Reflinda Reflinda , Roza Veni
Published: November 2022

This research was due to some problems that were found at 11th grade of SMAN 1 VII Koto. First, some students said that they think the group discussion was good for them to improve their speaking skill. However, there were still some students who do not like group discussion since it makes the classroom become noisy and lost their focus in learning. Then, tends to focus on the students who can ask and answer questions in English correctly. Meanwhile, the students who are shy and cannot speak English fluently do not get enough attention in the class. Second, the researcher found that some students do not really cooperate in the group discussion. The reseacher used descriptive quantitative reseach to describe the phenomena of students’ perception on the advantages of group discussion technique in teaching speaking. The population of this research was all the students at eleventh grade in SMAN I VII KOTO SUNGAI SARIK. The sample of this research was 38 students that was chosen randomly. Then, 20 items questionnaire was used as the instrument of the research. This research used closed questionnaire in which the respondent has to choose/check one or more responses of the presented variants ofanswering. Based on the results of the study, students' perceptions on the advantages of group discussion techniques in teaching speaking in eleventh grade at SMAN 1 VII Koto Sungai Sarik found that 32.28% of respondents strongly agreed that the benefits of discussion could improve understanding, critical thinking, personal growth, communication skills, self-direction in learning. While 59.76% of respondents agreed, 6.73% of respondents were neutral, 1.13% of respondents did not agree, and 0% of respondents strongly disagreed.
entrada da Venezuela no Mercosul desde a perspectiva da Câmara dos Deputados Uruguaia (2000-2016)
Authors: Mattos Angelo Raphael , Silva Matheus Felipe , Decresci Samuel
Published: November 2022

É notório que o MERCOSUL tem vivido, neste século, uma sensação de interminável crise e paralisia. Um dos fatores de instabilidade no regionalismo sul-americano diz respeito à entrada da Venezuela no bloco no ano de 2012. A partir dessa hipótese, o artigo objetivou identificar a percepção e o posicionamento dos parlamentares no âmbito da Câmara dos Deputados do Uruguai a respeito da inserção e da manutenção do país bolivariano na organização. Para tanto, foram realizadas análises e discussões com base na bibliografia referente e nas notas taquigráficas das reuniões da Comissão de Assuntos Internacionais da referida Casa legislativa. Como anúncio prévio dos resultados, aponta-se que a entrada e participação Venezuela no MERCOSUL foi controvertida e resultou em polarização entre os congressistas uruguaios quanto à sua trajetória e suspensão do bloco.
Maria Firmina dos Reis como um contraponto ao modernismo paulista?
Authors: Zin Rafael Balseiro
Published: November 2022

Um ano antes da realização da Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922, o escritor Graça Aranha teria procurado Monteiro Lobato para lhe sugerir a publicação de uma segunda edição do romance Úrsula, de Maria Firmina dos Reis, como uma forma de ambos os autores se contraporem aos ideais modernistas paulistas, valorizando o que eles consideravam como uma literatura verdadeiramente nacional. Buscando problematizar esse possível episódio da historiografia literária brasileira, cujas referências não foram apresentadas por Lucciani M. Furtado em seu Memorial de Maria Firmina dos Reis, esse artigo tem por intuito debater, num primeiro momento, a possibilidade de reedição do romance inaugural da maranhense como um contraponto ao modernismo paulista, para, logo na sequência, apontar o descaso com que as fontes documentais são tratadas por determinados pesquisadores, sobretudo quando elas se referem à história e ao legado de personalidades negras brasileiras.
Duzentos anos de dependência e autocracia
Authors: Novaes Pinto Coelho Cláudio
Published: November 2022

O objetivo do artigo é refletir criticamente sobre as principais características da sociedade brasileira, mediante um diálogo com a visão de Florestan Fernandes a respeito do processo histórico de desenvolvimento do capitalismo no Brasil, ou seja, da revolução burguesa. A principal referência do artigo é a obra A revolução burguesa no Brasil, mas serão utilizados também outros textos do autor, como Nova república? e Notas sobre o fascismo na América Latina. Pretende-se argumentar favoravelmente à atualidade do pensamento de Florestan Fernandes, devido à capacidade de o autor trabalhar dialeticamente a realidade brasileira, e, deste modo, contribuir para a compreensão da sua especificidade dentro do processo histórico de desenvolvimento do capitalismo em escala mundial. A ressaltar o abandono pela burguesia da revolução nacional-democrática, e seu vínculo com formas autocráticas (explícitas ou dissimuladas) de exercício do poder, os textos de Florestan Fernandes são uma grande contribuição para o entendimento da nossa contemporaneidade.
Impact of Overlapping Neuro-Surgeries on Patient Care Quality
Authors: Waikar Avinash , Cappel Samuel
Published: November 2022

Overlapping surgeries, (OS) have been in use in the U.S. where a single surgeon coordinates operative resources with surgical teams for optimal patient care. Preparation for the procedure is completed in one room as a surgical procedure and care for another patient is completed in another. One of the primary drivers of this practice is trauma. In emergent situations, critical patients may require expedited life saving measures, requiring immediate attention and treatment in a second room. Thus, this practice offers quicker access to much needed medical care for the patients who get treated in a timelier manner. Benefits of this practice are decreased time to treatment and usually reduced overall length of stay. Secondly, overlapping surgeries allow optimal allocation of and efficient utilization of the most coveted healthcare resource, “Surgeon Time or Operative Time.” Thirdly, two room practices improve participation opportunities for the surgical residents and fellows. One negative however; is that patients dislike the fact that the attending surgeon is not present in the room for the entire surgical procedure, feeling that the absence of the surgeon could result in less desirable patient care and outcomes. Does the practice of OS really affect the quality of patient care?

This examination of the issue of overlapping surgeries practice and patient care quality involved the collection of data from neuro-surgery involving blunt and penetrating head injuries and spinal cases at a “level one” trauma hospital in the Southern U.S. over a 41-month period. The hypothesis to be tested was that use of a second room will improve patient care by reducing “time to treatment,” decreasing “length of hospital stays,” and decreasing “overall hospital morbidity.” The results showed a significant decrease in “length of stay” (LOS) which could be a result of decreased procedure wait time or earlier intervention. Results also showed significantly fewer medical complications following surgeries that utilized overlapping procedure without a corresponding increase in surgical morbidity. Although overlapping surgery is a contentious topic, which has received unflattering press, we found utilization of overlapping surgeries at this hospital to be safe with reduction in LOS and complications, while reducing required post-surgical rehab in some cases. In conclusion, overlapping surgeries demonstrated positive impact on patient care quality and healthcare resource utilization in this hospital.
Seizures in Patients with Epilepsy Receiving COVID -19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Review in A Level 4 Epilepsy Center
Authors: Kurukumbi Mohankumar , Madarasz Laura , Fang Yun , Smith Karlie , Karanth Rohan , Giles Anne
Published: November 2022

Objective: To identify the incidence of seizures within 48 hours of COVID-19 vaccination in PWE

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study performed at two Northern Virginia neurology clinics. PWE that had been vaccinated against COVID-19 were surveyed to report occurrence of a seizure within 48 hours of COVID-19 vaccination and the presence of additional triggers surrounding the seizure.

Results: Of the 189 patients included in the analysis, 13 (7%) reported a seizure within 48 hours of vaccination. Of the 13 participants with reported seizures, 10 identified possible triggers present at the time of their seizure. Additionally, patients with intractable epilepsy were found to have a non-statistically significant (p = 0.16) increased risk of seizure (odds ratio = 2.2) within 48 hours of vaccination.

Conclusion: The results show a low incidence of seizure within 48 hours of receiving a COVID-19 vaccination in this cohort of PWE. Those that reported seizures had additional provoking factors present that may have triggered the seizure. For patients with intractable epilepsy it appears they may have some increased risk of breakthrough seizures within 48 hours of vaccination. It is recommended that clinicians counsel their epilepsy patients, especially those with an intractable diagnosis, to mitigate potential seizure triggers prior to vaccine administration. Further research is recommended to observe for long term effects if present and to control for provoking seizure factors/triggers.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR SENI RUPA BERBASIS KVISOFT FLIPBOOK MAKER DI KELAS XI SMA PEMBANGUNAN PADANG
Authors: Wensi Wensi Wensi , Yahya Yahya
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi pembelajaran seni rupa yang dilakukan belum mencapai hasil belajar yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar Berbasis Kvisoft flipbookMaker yang praktis, valid dan efektif. penelitian ini menggunakan model design research dengan 4 tahap yaitu, define, design, development dan dissemination. Sampel penelitian yaitu adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Pembangunan Padang.Instrumen menggunakan angket, analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif.  Hasil penelitian diperoleh 1) Bahan ajar Seni Rupa Berbasis Kvisoff Flipbook Maker dapat digunakan sebab telah diuji kevalidannya, 2) Bahan ajar Seni Rupa Berbasis Kvisoft Flipbook Maker sangat praktis karena sudah diuji kepraktisannya, 3) Bahan ajar Seni Rupa berbasis Kvisoft Flipbook Maker sudah sangat efektif sebab sudah diuji keefektivannya.
BUNGA MAWAR DALAM SENI LUKIS KONTEMPORER
Authors: Linda Ahyur Linda , Sami B Yasrul
Published: November 2022

Menciptakan lukisan dengan objek bunga mawar sebagai simbol ungkapan perasaan, dengan tampilan yang menarik ke dalam karya seni lukis sehingga dapat dinikmati. Perwujudan ide-ide seni ini memiliki beberapa tahapan dalam pelaksanaannya, sehingga menghasilkan karya seni yang baik secara tampilan maupun konsep. Tahapan tersebut di antaranya adalah tahap persiapan,tahap elaborasi, tahap sintesis, tahap realisasi konsep dan penyelesaian. Penulis memvisualkan bunga mawar sebagai ungkapan perasaan seseorang tersebut dalam 10 karya akhir seni lukis kontemporer yang masing-masing diberi judul : (1) Memendam Perasaan, (2) Kecewa, (3) Nyaman, (4) Patah Hati, (5) Sepi, (6) Tulus, (7) Di Gantung, (8) Terluka, (9) Harga diri, (10) Sabar. Kata kunci: Bunga Mawar, Perasaan, Lukis Realis Kontemporer
STUDI TENTANG MAKNA MOTIF (BENTUK, WARNA, DAN PENEMPATAN) PADA TABUIK DI KOTA PARIAMAN
Authors: Sukma Melati , Sandra Yofita
Published: November 2022

This study aims to: 1) Describe the meaning of the Tabuik Pariaman motif shape 2) Describe the meaning of the colors in the Tabuik Pariaman motif 3) Describe the meaning of the placement of the motifs in Tabuik Pariaman.This type of research is qualitative using a descriptive approach. The author conducted this research in Pariaman, West Sumatra. Data collection procedures are carried out by 1) observation or going to the field, 2) interviews, and documentation in the form of recordings and photos 3). Data processing, 4) data analysis, 5) conclusion of the results. The conclusions of the study are: 1) The meaning of the shape of the motif in Tabuik Pariaman has a meaning as a rule in the life order of the Minangkabau community that upholds customs and religion. 2) The meaning of color in Tabuik has the meaning of decorations that beautify Tabuik in order to attract the appeal of the community and tourists. 3) Meaning The placement of motifs in Tabuik is a symbol of religion, customs, and life.Kata Kunci: Makna Motif, Bentuk, Warna, Penempatan, Tabuik Pariaman.
HEDONIS DALAM KARYA LUKIS
Authors: Arofieqh Cubindi , Sami Yasrul
Published: November 2022

The purpose of making this final work is to visualize hedonism in Expressionist paintings and increase the ability to work in painting. The methods used in the work are the preparation, elaboration, synthesis, concept realization, and completion stages. So that ten works of hedonic visualization were created with the following titles: 1. "King", 2. "Party", 3. "Disco", 4. "Happy", 5. "Happy 2", 6. "Fancy" , 7. "Attitude", 8. "Attitude 2", 9. "Getting", 10. "How To".Kata kunci: hedonis, kehidupan, gaya hidup
HUBUNGAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN MANDIRI MELALUI DARING OLEH GURU TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN SENI RUPA DI SMPN 26 PADANG
Authors: Mursalina Mursalina , Zubaidah Zubaidah
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant relationship between online independent learning strategies by teachers and student learning outcomes in fine arts learning at State of Junior High School 26 Padang. This type of research is a quantitative correlation study. The population in this study were all students of class VII in State of Junior High School 26 Padang. Sampling in this study using a proportional random sampling technique (random technique). The results of data  testing show that there is no significant relationship between online independent learning strategies by teachers and student learning outcomes in fine arts learning with a significance value of 0.923> 0.05, this value is much higher than the 0.05 sig level. Thus the conclusion is that online  independent learning strategies do not have a significant relationship with student learning outcomes in fine arts learning at State of Junior High School 26 Padang.Keywords: Learning strategies, Online learning, Learning outcomes Art
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MENGGAMBAR MODEL SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 SAWAHLUNTO
Authors: Darmayanti Mella , Hakim Ramalis
Published: November 2022

The background in this study is based on the low completeness od student learning outcomers because the models and the methods taught by the teacher in the learning are less effective. This is influenced by educators who usually use old methods such as the lecture methods rather than participation and guidance so that teachers or educator play a more expert role in taching which make students less active during learning. The problems solving to outcome it is by applying a project based learning model. This study aims to determine the learning outcomes od students using the PJBL model (project based learning) with the learning outcomes of studenst using picture and picture at State of Junior High School 1 Sawahlunto. The population on this study were 142 students from grade 8 in the academci year 2020/2021. The sampling using random sampling obtainde from the experimental class (VIII2) totaling 28 students and from the control class (VIII3) totally 28 students. This research using a Normality test, homogenity test and hypothesis test were applied using SPSS 16. The results of this study obtainde the average of the experimental class, namely 83.39 and 81.64 for the control class. In this research, hypothesis testing is used: if t-count>t-table the Ho is rejected. And Ha is accepted. After testing the one way hypothesis, it is obtained t-count<t-table (0.941<2.004), ho Ho is Accepted and Ha is Rejected. So teh learning outcomes using a project based learning are no differennt with teh picture and picture in state of junior high school 1 Sawahlunto.Keywords :Student Learning Outcomes, Project-based learning models, picture and picture models.
《左傳》禮制與“三禮"有合有不合說
Authors: 許 子濱
Published: November 2022

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

《左傳》據事直書，紀録了各種禮典，包括冠、昏、喪、祭、饗、射、朝、聘，其中聘禮尤備，還有豐富的軍禮。自漢迄清，注家無不以“三禮”通釋《春秋》、《左傳》禮制。楊伯峻《春秋左傳注》可説是以“三禮”通釋《春秋》、《左傳》禮制的集大成者。其實，《左傳》與“三禮”所言禮制，實有合有不合。兩者相合，自可博采禮文，互爲印證；若其不合，不能强相牽附，必須自行根據《春秋》、《左傳》本文建構春秋禮制。本文以個别禮制爲焦點展開討論，然後聚點成面，嘗試勾勒《左傳》禮制與“三禮”合與不合的輪廓，主要着眼於兩者的同中有異之處，探討致異的因由，并歸纳出其間的通例。簡言之，《左傳》禮制與“三禮”相合，原因易明，要麽兩者都是周禮或更早期的禮制，要麽都是春秋時禮。兩者同中有異，成因較爲複雜，大抵有五種可能：一、“三禮”所载爲時代較早的禮，或即周禮，而《左傳》則爲時代較晚的禮，可稱春秋時禮；二、情况剛好相反；三、《左傳》反映春秋時期國别禮異的現象，而“三禮”所記則局限於某國的情况；四、“三禮”雖以事實爲基礎，但經後儒改定規範、整齊劃一或增飾附益，而《左傳》則紀實，前者實中有虚，而後者則純實；五、《左傳》紀實，而《禮記》、《周禮》所記并無實據，只能視作禮説。

Since the Han period 漢代 (202 B.C. – 220 A.D.), Chinese literati have thrown in much effort to the study of the ritual elements recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals and the Zuozhuan. While fruitful results have been achieved by applying Sanli to the interpretation of these ritual elements, yet little has been done on the comparison between these books. Based on the findings of previous scholars like the Qing scholar Yau Jiheng (姚際恒) (1647-1715) and Yang Bojun (楊伯峻) (1909-1992), the present article conducted a thorough comparison of the ritual elements contained in the Zuozhuan and their counterparts in the Sanli and reached the conclusion that, although Sanli and Zuozhuan agreed with each other in respect of various rituals, there are considerable discrepancies between them. The discrepancies are mainly due to the transformation of rituals at different times and difference of rituals and practices among the states of the Spring and Autumn period. On the other hand, the agreements between the Sanli and the Zuozhuan prove that the etiquettes and rituals found in the Sanli were describing people’s ritual behaviour during the Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period.
王念孫《廣雅疏證》通假釋例
Authors: 楊 靜剛
Published: November 2022

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

三國魏張揖仿效《爾雅》一書的體例，著成《廣雅》一書，列舉出一系列古代的通假字。清人王念孫爲《廣雅》作《疏謹》，繁徵博引，以明《廣雅》的通假。本文即在闡述王念孫疏證《廣雅》所得出的通假條例，大略爲：（1）聲音相同。（2）聲音相近。包括：（i）聲音相同，聲調不同；（ii）兩字雙聲；（iii）兩字叠韻；（iv）兩字發聲部位相同，但一送氣，—不送氣；或一清，一濁；（v）兩字陰陽對轉；凡此皆可得通假。王念孫認爲，通假是聲的關係外，其他如異體字，古今字，則是形的差别，聲音則可同可不同，但王念孫也用“通用”、“同用”來考釋之。故通假字、異體字、古今字雖然不同，此處亦一并討論。王念孫的學問，段玉裁對其推崇備至，并認爲《廣雅疏證》一書，可謂天下至精矣，評價不可謂不高。

Zhang Yi who following the style and format of Erh Ya has published his famous gloss Guang Ya in the Wei of the Period of the Three Kingdoms. In the book, he has listed out a number of phonetic loan characters of the ancient time. Wang Niensun, a Qing philologist, has thus published his Guangya Shuzheng, in which he has stipulated the principles of phonetic loan which he observed used in the Guang Ya gloss. The present article is written to point out the various principles stipulated by Wang. These include: (1) Same phonetics, (2) Similar phonetics which includes: (i) Same initials and finals, but different tones, (ii) same initials, (iii) same finals, (iv) same vocal position of initials pronunciation, but one aspirated, one not; one voiceless, one voiced, (v) “yin-yang dui-zhuan” 陰陽對轉 (-m, -n, -ng finals and non -m, -n, -ng, -p, -t, -k finals interchange). Wang suggested that phonetic loan was basically a phenomenon related to sound. Other phenomena like “gu-jin-zi” 古今字 (characters of ancient and modem writing) and “yi-ti-zi” 異體字 (characters of different forms), as they are the same characters but of different structures, and as such they are also interchangeable. As their interchangeability are similar to the phonetic loan characters, they are therefore also discussed in the present article. Duan Yucai, another famous Qing philologist, has regarded highly Wang’s Guangya Shuzheng, and suggested that it is the finest publication under Heaven 天下至精. The remark is undoubtedly, a bit too high.
最後的盛筵:《白下愚園集》中的文人雅集與唱和
Authors: 孫 瑩瑩
Published: November 2022

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

本文從白下愚園主人胡恩燮（1824—1892）的生平入手，討論胡恩燮營治愚園期間多次文人雅集唱和的形制、内容和影響。胡恩燮在《清史稿》中被列入《忠義傳》，在太平軍剛占領金陵城期間，曾往返城内外36次商議與官軍内應之事。事敗之後，胡恩燮仍然救戚友以出，并以此官至知府。光绪初，胡恩燮歸家養母，築成愚園，招集文士雅集唱和，蔚爲東南風流。本文通過分析《白下愚園集》中的文人小傳和詩文唱和材料，論述愚園唱和的參與主體多爲中下層文士，其唱和内容多圍繞胡恩燮策應事、孝母和營筑愚園之功勞與象徵意義展開。集中所收唱和詩歌中存在大量意象重複，并交織以六朝、金陵和園林傳統的典故，深受當時宋詩風氣的影響。唱和詩歌對園林主人經世才能的贊揚，是對大平天國之後晚清衰世的映照。

Starting from the investigation of the life experience of the owner of Bai Xia Yu Yuan (Yu Garden in Jin Ling), Hu Enxie (1824-1892), this article focuses on several elegant gatherings of literati happened in his period when Hu built this garden and invited scholars to enjoy meeting and drinking in Yu Yuan. Hu was enrolled in the Zhong Yi Zhuan (the biographies of loyalty people) of Qing Shi Gao (the Manuscript of Qing History). During the preliminary Taiping occupation in the city of Jin Ling, Hu secretly contacted the troops of the court quartered outside the city for internal rebellion for thirty-six times. Finally, when this attempt didn’t succeed, Hu still survived his whole family and that brought him reputation and the position of a magistrate. In the first years of Guang Xu Reign, Hu came back to Jin Ling and built Yu Yuan to entertain his mother. Meanwhile, he invited his scholar friends to meet in the garden and write poems and articles about the garden. This paper argues that many authors were from the lower middle class in the literati world, through analyzing the biographies and literature works in Bai Xia Yu Yuan Ji (The anthology of Yu Garden in Jin Ling). The content of their poems and prose mostly based on the Hu’s plan of internal rebellion at that time, his filial piety to his mother and the symbol of Yu Yuan’s rebuilt. There were lots of repetitions of the poetic images and Allusions of the Six Dynasties, Jin Ling and the tradition of Gardens. It was also mentioned that practical talent of Hu Enxie, which reflected the decline in late Qing period especially after the Taiping Rebellion.