bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-environmental models of allied health disability support: an exploration of narrative experiences in the Australian National Disability and Insurance Scheme
Authors: Sarkies Mitchell N. , Milne Sarah , Davis Annette
Published: July 2021

Objective The primary aims of this study were to explore: (1) manifestations of socio-environmental models of allied health support provision in the disability sector; and (2) narrative experiences of individual allied health professionals in the disability sector. Methods A narrative qualitative study using interviews from a purposive sample of two allied health professionals working in the disability sector explored manifestations of socio-environmental models of allied health support provision and their experiences from case examples. The key informants had more than 10 years of experience in the disability support services setting. Results Seven key themes exploring manifestations of socio-environmental models of allied health professional practice in the disability sector emerged: (1) dignity of risk; (2) models of care; (3) considerations when working in the supported person’s environment; (4) goal-oriented work; (5) informed choice and informed consent; (6) reactive and flexible plans; and (7) training and education role. Conclusions Socio-environmental models of allied health support provision in the disability sector focus on empowering people with disability to achieve their goals. This may require displacement of cultural norms within the allied health professions. What is known about the topic? Socio-environmental models of allied health support provision in the disability sector focus on empowering people with disability to achieve their goals. What does this paper add? Displacement of cultural norms within the allied health professions may be needed to promote positive risk taking. Challenges for allied health professionals remain in navigating conflicting goals between clients and family members, empowering informed choice and consent, and working in uncontrolled environments. What are the implications for practitioners? Adopting training and education roles for clients, family members and carers when implementing National Disability and Insurance Scheme plans may represent one of the many pragmatic and flexible approaches to achieve people’s goals.
New stewardship of Country
Authors: Quinn Nelson
Published: July 2021

The Royal Societies of Australia webinar series recognises that we need a new approach to our land and seascape stewardship if we are to recover from past degradation and prosper in the future. We have to work with history – the Aboriginal foundation, our modern production systems and our laws and institutions. We can succeed if we adopt a custodial approach to land and sea – ‘caring for country’ – as our highest priority, so we safeguard the effective functioning of our ecosystems. We will need changes to our laws and institutions, and active intervention in our land and seascapes with public support, as we transform our society to reflect this new model of stewardship. There are many things we can do now as part of this transition, as individuals, governments, businesses, educators and land and sea managers.
A bending fluctuation-based mechanism for particle detection by ciliated structures
Authors: Thomazo Jean-Baptiste , Le Révérend Benjamin , Pontani Lea-Laetitia , Prevost Alexis M. , Wandersman Elie
Published: July 2021

Significance

For most animals and microorganisms, elongated cell protrusions known as cilia are key players in the senses of hearing, olfaction, and touch. In homogenous liquid flows, cilia bend and provide a direct measurement of the liquid viscosity. Could cilia be used to detect the presence, concentration, and size of particles in natural heterogeneous environments? Here, we address this question using an anchored artificial cilium submitted to sheared granular suspensions. Combining imaging experiments and modeling, we show that the concentration of particles is encoded within the positional fluctuations of the cilia’s tip and that these mainly result from particle/cilium contacts. Our results suggest that cilia could detect particles as small as their diameter.
Non-Markovian modeling of protein folding
Authors: Ayaz Cihan , Tepper Lucas , Brünig Florian N. , Kappler Julian , Daldrop Jan O. , Netz Roland R.
Published: July 2021

Significance

Protein-folding kinetics is often described as Markovian (i.e., memoryless) diffusion in a one-dimensional free energy landscape, governed by an instantaneous friction coefficient that is fitted to reproduce experimental or simulated folding times. For the

α

-helix forming polypeptide

a
l
a
n
i
n
e

9

and a specific reaction coordinate that consists of the summed native hydrogen-bond lengths, we demonstrate that the friction extracted from molecular dynamics simulations exhibits significant memory with a decay time that is in the nanosecond range and thus, of the same order as the folding and unfolding times. Our non-Markovian modeling not only reproduces the molecular dynamics simulations accurately but also demonstrates that memory friction effects lead to anomalous and drastically accelerated protein kinetics.
Replication-dependent histone biosynthesis is coupled to cell-cycle commitment
Authors: Armstrong Claire , Spencer Sabrina L.
Published: July 2021

Significance

Current thinking limits replication-dependent (RD) histone biosynthesis to S phase of the cell cycle, with histone production initiated concomitantly with DNA replication. This work examines the cell-cycle timing of RD histone biosynthesis in single human cells and shows that while there is indeed a burst of RD histone production in S phase, RD histone production actually begins earlier in G1, at the point of cell-cycle commitment. These results demonstrate that cells born committed to the subsequent cell cycle build up a small pool of histones before initiating DNA replication, thereby safeguarding against a loss of genome integrity, and are distinct from cells that have exited the cell cycle and do not require histone synthesis until cell-cycle reentry.
Investigating lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo using engineered human lymphatic vessel networks
Authors: Landau Shira , Newman Abigail , Edri Shlomit , Michael Inbal , Ben-Shaul Shahar , Shandalov Yulia , Ben-Arye Tom , Kaur Pritinder , Zheng Ming H. , Levenberg Shulamit
Published: July 2021

Significance

Lymphatic vessel networks are important for various biological processes; thus, incorporating them into engineered constructs can have both research and clinical implications. Engineered lymphatic vessels can improve biomimicry and functionality of in vitro tissue assays and serve as a treatment for various diseases associated with impaired lymphatic function. In this work, we created functional engineered lymphatic vessels that anastomosed to the host lymphatic system postimplantation. We investigated the effect of supporting cells, cell-secreted extracellular matrix, and mechanical forces on lymphatic vessel formation within engineered constructs. Interestingly, lymphatic vasculature responded differently to cyclic stretch compared to blood vasculature. This phenomenon opens up an avenue for investigating the variability of cellular responses to mechanical stimulation.
Increased copy number couples the evolution of plasmid horizontal transmission and plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance
Authors: Dimitriu Tatiana , Matthews Andrew C. , Buckling Angus
Published: July 2021

Significance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is typically caused by genes present on plasmids, genetic parasites that can rapidly spread between bacterial cells. We demonstrate that plasmids can evolve increased transmission when hosts are abundant by increasing the number of plasmid molecules present within cells. A side effect of having more plasmids in a cell is a greater degree of cellular AMR. Selection for higher cellular levels of AMR in turn resulted in increased transmission via the same mechanism. Opportunities for plasmid transmission thus promote the evolution of plasmids that are highly infectious and confer high levels of AMR on their hosts.
Event control
Authors: Fischer Silke , Flaate Høyem Inghild
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we argue that a set of small
clause adjuncts involves a control relation with the event in the
main clause functioning as controller – we call this instance of
control event control. First, we clarify the empirical picture by
looking at data from German, Norwegian, and English. Second, we show
that event control is obligatory control and therefore suggest that
it should be syntactically licensed in the same way. Our theoretical
account is based on ideas by Whelpton (1995, 2002), Lohndal
(2014), Fischer
(2018), and Høyem (2018, 2019),
and we ultimately propose that event control is syntactically
licensed under upward Agree with underspecified PRO as probe and a
Davidsonian event argument in the main clause as goal.
Auctioning a ‘just energy transition’? South Africa’s renewable energy procurement programme and its implications for transition strategies
Authors: Müller Franziska , Claar Simone
Published: July 2021

Clean energy is going transnational. Following the COP21 UN Climate Change Conference in December 2015, a roll-out of clean energy schemes in the global South is fostering a global energy transition. One such case is South Africa, where a policy innovation – the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP) – was introduced in 2011. While REIPPPP seems to be a success story in terms of renewable energy capacity, it is unclear how the instrument is shaping the overall course of South Africa’s green transformation regarding the influence of transnational actors, participation in local ownership, and socio-economic benefits. Based on expert interviews and empirical process tracing of the renewable energy projects during the five bidding rounds of REIPPPP (2011–2016), the article analyses the design and effects of REIPPPP and discusses its implications for transition strategies, such as a ‘just transition’.
Retinyl esters form lipid droplets independently of triacylglycerol and seipin
Authors: Molenaar Martijn R. , Yadav Kamlesh K. , Toulmay Alexandre , Wassenaar Tsjerk A. , Mari Muriel C. , Caillon Lucie , Chorlay Aymeric , Lukmantara Ivan E. , Haaker Maya W. , Wubbolts Richard W. , Houweling Martin , Vaandrager Arie Bas , Prieur Xavier , Reggiori Fulvio , Choudhary Vineet , Yang Hongyuan , Schneiter Roger , Thiam Abdou Rachid , Prinz William A. , Helms J. Bernd
Published: July 2021

Lipid droplets store neutral lipids, primarily triacylglycerol and steryl esters. Seipin plays a role in lipid droplet biogenesis and is thought to determine the site of lipid droplet biogenesis and the size of newly formed lipid droplets. Here we show a seipin-independent pathway of lipid droplet biogenesis. In silico and in vitro experiments reveal that retinyl esters have the intrinsic propensity to sequester and nucleate in lipid bilayers. Production of retinyl esters in mammalian and yeast cells that do not normally produce retinyl esters causes the formation of lipid droplets, even in a yeast strain that produces only retinyl esters and no other neutral lipids. Seipin does not determine the size or biogenesis site of lipid droplets composed of only retinyl esters or steryl esters. These findings indicate that the role of seipin in lipid droplet biogenesis depends on the type of neutral lipid stored in forming droplets.
XMAP215 promotes microtubule catastrophe by disrupting the growing microtubule end
Authors: Farmer Veronica , Arpağ Göker , Hall Sarah L. , Zanic Marija
Published: July 2021

The GTP-tubulin cap is widely accepted to protect microtubules against catastrophe. The GTP-cap size is thought to increase with the microtubule growth rate, presumably endowing fast-growing microtubules with enhanced stability. It is unknown what GTP-cap properties permit frequent microtubule catastrophe despite fast growth. Here, we investigate microtubules growing in the presence and absence of the polymerase XMAP215. Using EB1 as a GTP-cap marker, we find that GTP-cap size increases regardless of whether growth acceleration is achieved by increasing tubulin concentration or by XMAP215. Despite increased mean GTP-cap size, microtubules grown with XMAP215 display increased catastrophe frequency, in contrast to microtubules grown with more tubulin, for which catastrophe is abolished. However, microtubules polymerized with XMAP215 have large fluctuations in growth rate; display tapered and curled ends; and undergo catastrophe at faster growth rates and with higher EB1 end-localization. Our results suggest that structural perturbations induced by XMAP215 override the protective effects of the GTP-cap, ultimately driving microtubule catastrophe.
Surface production of negative ions from pulse-biased nitrogen doped diamond within a low-pressure deuterium plasma
Authors: Smith Gregory J , Tahri Lenny , Achard Jocelyn , Issaoui Riadh , Gans Timo , Dedrick James P , Cartry Gilles
Published: July 2021

The production of negative ions is of significant interest for applications including mass spectrometry, materials surface processing, and neutral beam injection for magnetic confined fusion. Neutral beam injection sources maximise negative ion production through the use of surface production processes and low work function metals, which introduce complex engineering. Investigating materials and techniques to avoid the use of low work function metals is of interest to broaden the application of negative ion sources and simplify future devices. In this study, we use pulsed sample biasing to investigate the surface production of negative ions from nitrogen doped diamond. The use of a pulsed bias allows for the study of insulating samples in a preserved surface state at temperatures between 150 ∘C and 700 ∘C in a 2 Pa, 130 W, (ne ∼ 109 cm−3, Te ∼ 0.6 eV) inductively coupled deuterium plasma. The negative ion yield during the application of a pulsed negative bias is measured using a mass spectrometer and found to be approximately 20% higher for nitrogen doped diamond compared to non-doped diamond. It is also shown that the pulsed sample bias has a lower peak negative ion yield compared to a continuous sample bias, which suggests that the formation of an optimum ratio of defects on its surface can be favourable for negative ion production.
Radio-frequency waveform investigation for ion transport within the RFQcb at ISOLDE's Offline 2 facility
Authors: Warren S. , Giles T.
Published: July 2021

A theoretical and practical investigation into the relation of applied waveform, voltage, and frequency of the quadrupole potential applied to the Radio-Frequency Quadrupole cooler and buncher (RFQcb) used at the ISOLDE facility and the Offline 2 facility. Non-radioactive ion beams were transported through the RFQcb over a range of quadrupole parameters to quantify beam transport efficiency via pre and post beam current measurements. Maximum beam transport was directly compared to the theoretical model of ion stability within an oscillatory quadrupolar field via the solutions of the Hill's equation (shown within this work) for each waveform applied the RFQcb and over several masses 20Ne, 40Ar, 84Kr and 131Xe. The result of this work has led to interesting findings on the beam transport dependency with the waveform, the potential to reduce the overall costs of future RFQ's, and possible molecular capture break-up options inside RFQcb structure.
The effect of tillage depth and micro-fertilizer addition on the growth and production of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) planted in early dry season
Authors: Yuliadi E , Simamora E , Setiawan K , Hadi M S , Ardian
Published: July 2021

The climate change from the dry season to the rainy season, causes cassava to rot a lot when harvested, this research was conducted in the early dry season by practicing two tillage depths to handle the excessive water around the rooting area, and by addition of micro-fertilizer. This study aimed to determine the cassava growth and yield when planted at the early dry season, combined with tillage depth and micro-fertilizer addition. This research was conducted in South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The cutting stems of cassava were planted in the early dry season (May) and harvested in April 2020. The tillage depth consisted of two depths: shallow tillage, above hardpan layer (30 cm), and deep tillage, including hardpan layer (60 cm). Micro-fertilizers were applied with two dosages: without fertilizer (0 kg ha−1) and with fertilizer (40 kg ha−1). Those treatments were arranged factorially (2x2) in Strip Plot Design with three replications. The result showed that deep tillage caused the rotten tubers only 15 tubers compared with the shallow tillage which was 39 tubers. The treatment of micro-fertilizer (40 kg ha−1) on the contrary increased the rotten tubers up to 35 tubers. In general, deep tillage could increase the dry weight of tubers, and micro-fertilizers could increase the fresh weight of tubers.
Utilization of wild algae biomass as biosorbent for removal of heavy metal Zinc (Zn2+) from aqueous solution
Authors: Maisarah  , Adityosulindro S , Wulandari D
Published: July 2021

Climate change has both a direct and indirect effect on surface water quality. One of them is the increase in chemical weathering which causes the release of heavy metals in aquatic sediments. The toxicity of high concentration heavy metals and the phenomenon of algal bloom also become a threat to the freshwater environment. It is known that several types of algae can live, develop, and act as a biosorption agent for various types of heavy metals. The use of algae-based biosorbent also can reduce the level of global warming from the production of commercial adsorbents such as activated carbon. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the capability of wild algae biomass from the lake Situ Agathis Universitas Indonesia, Depok West Java as a heavy metal biosorbent by elaborating on its biosorption performance, for the benefit of the wastewater treatment and the management of algae bloom. Removal efficiency zinc improved significantly by activation treatment with thermally and base treatments on wild algae biomass. The result from the experimental laboratory showed that the zinc removal up to 92.12% in 120 min by NaOH activation method at neutral pH. The obtained results suggest that the wild algae biomass is a promising benign and low-cost material for industrial wastewater treatment.
Antimicrobial activity of garlic and Kaempferia galanga on Aspergillus sp. growth isolated from sardine fish Pedetan
Authors: Singapurwa N M A S , Candra I P
Published: July 2021

‘Pedetan’ is a traditional food made from lemuru in Bali. The existence of climate change causes changes in the quantity of fish in the waters of the Bali strait. However, the quality of the ‘pedetan’ must be improved.. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of garlic and Kaempferia galanga in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus sp. which can contaminate the sardine fish Pedetan. The study was conducted by experimental method by isolating Aspergillus sp. from Pedetan and testing the inhibitory power of garlic and Kaempferia galanga and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Aspergillus sp. The results showed that the extract of garlic and Kaempferia galanga can inhibit the growth of Aspergillus sp. Garlic extract can inhibit A. flavus with inhibition zone diameter of 20.65 mm and Kaempferia galanga extract can inhibit the inhibition zone diameter of 23.75 mm. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for garlic extract was 0.4% with inhibition zone diameter of 1.0 mm and Kaempferia galanga with inhibition zone diameter of 1.2 mm. Garlic extract and Kaempferia galanga at 0.5% concentration can inhibit 100% of the conidia Aspergillus sp. Garlic extract and Kaempferia galanga can inhibit the growth of Aspergillus sp. because they contains bioactive compounds that are antimicrobial.
Substitution of inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer based on poultry waste combined with rice husk biochar
Authors: Hayat E S , Andayani S , Hayati R
Published: July 2021

Climate change such as an increase in temperature, a change in rainfall patterns, an increase in extreme weather events, and an increase in sea level will affect the agricultural sector, including land degradation. Land degradation can take the form of a decrease in soil fertility, so the use of suboptimal land needs to be applied technology that can increase nutrient availability, and at the same time mitigate the impacts of climate change. The research objective was to obtain technology that could increase soil fertility through the substitution of inorganic fertilizers with organic fertilizer from poultry combined with rice husk biochar in wet suboptimal land. The research was conducted in Sungai Rengas Village, Sungai Kakap District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The method used in this study was an experimental method in the form of a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment in this study was the application of 5 tons of poultry manure per hectare with 5 tons of rice husk biochar per hectare, so that 7 treatment combinations were obtained, namely treatment A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. The results showed that the combination of 5 tonnes/ha of quail manure with 5 tonnes/ha of rice husk biochar had a significant effect on increasing soil fertility and growth of corn plants and can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers by 25% to 75% of the recommended dosage.
Land use change study and the increased risk of floods disaster in Jeneberang watershed at Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Widodo T N , Zubair H , Padjung R
Published: July 2021

As part of the Jeneberang watershed area, Gowa Regency has an increasing trend of risk of flood disaster which are impact of climate change that has occurred globally. The high rate of population growth and the development of community economic activities are accompanied by the increasing need for space both for settlements and economic activities which results in changes in land cover land use (LULC). This study aims to conduct a study of changes in LULC that can increase the risk of flooding in Gowa regency with watershed area approaches. This study uses a descriptive analysis method with spatial analysis techniques and complemented by other data from agencies, community interviews, and location surveys. LULC data were used in this study are the conversion results from aerial photographs of the Landsat 7 ETM + in 1999 and Landsat-8 OLI / TIRS in 2020 with a map scale of 1: 50,000. The result shows that during the period of study (1999-2020), there were significant changes in LULC in the Jeneberang watershed, where the Jeneberang watershed experienced deforestation of 36.67 Ha, forest degradation of 770.14 Ha and increasing of settlement areas of 3,49747 Ha. The interviews and surveys indicated that the flood disaster-prone areas have grown with residential areas which reduced the water catchment areas and narrowed river boundaries thus increase the potential of flood disaster risk in the future.
Improving growth performance of rice cultivars IR64 and Mentik Wangi in drought stress with applying nano Zn
Authors: Alhasan F M , Sakya A T , Rahayu M
Published: July 2021

Increasing temperatures due to climate change caused irregular rainfall in some regions. Changes in rainfall initiate drought to increase every year and negatively impact vital human activities, including agricultural sectors. Drought stress is becoming increasingly important in agriculture because it affects changes in physiological function and leads to a severe decline in crop production. Nano Zn is one of the solutions for drought stress which has a role in enzyme activation, protein synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. This study aims to determine the effect of applying nano Zn on rice growth performance in drought stress conditions. The method used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design with analysis of variance followed by DMRT at 5% level. The levels of Zn concentration were 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 ppm Zn. Two varieties were used, ‘IR 64’ as a hybrid cultivar and ‘Mentik Wangi’ as a local cultivar in Indonesia. The variables observed were plant height (cm), number of tillers, number of leaves, biomass weight (g), and root dry weight (g). The result showed that applying nano Zn can increase rice growth due to drought stress on the various variables. The higher the nano Zn dosage, the higher plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, biomass, and root dry weight by 3-6 %, 2-33 %, 6-23 %, 8-28 %, and 3-34 % respectively compared without Zn. These results can be considered a solution for environmental conditions affected by drought stress by paying attention to Zn concentration level.
Preliminary study: health risk analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations in Bandung Metropolitan
Authors: Chandra I , Nisa K , Rosdiana E
Published: July 2021

Particulate matters with sizes below 10 (PM10) and 2.5 (PM2.5) micrometers under polluted air have been causing not only climate change directly/indirectly but also public health problems. These were depended on the level concentrations of PM, chemical species, duration of exposure, as well as meteorological conditions, and how close we are to the emission sources. The aim of the preliminary study is to observe how air pollution concentrations can affect human health. We selected Bandung Metropolitan as a pilot project and located several instruments at Telkom University in the period of 2018-2019. PM2.5 and PM10 data were produced and calculated from microsensors. Health data and related patients from the hospital within 6 km were added to AirQ+ for short and long-term exposure analysis. Results show that temporal data of PM2.5 and PM10 were identified as <20 µg/m3 (in a wet season) to >100 µg/m3 (dry season). In long-term exposure to polluted air, PM2.5 contributed to mortality caused by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and ischemic heart disease. Meanwhile, post-neo-natal were observed under PM10 mass concentrations. In a short-term period of measurement, March to April and July to August, the respiratory disease has dominant across seasons. Therefore, the coupling of changes in climate and air pollution level will be negatively contributed to more effect on human health.
The capacity of Anacardium occidentale L. to the environment: ability to C-stock and reduction of CO2 gas emissions (case study in Pondok Village, Ngadirojo, Wonogiri)
Authors: Pujiasmanto B , Rahayu E S , Murniyanto E
Published: July 2021

Cashew plants are generally evergreen, so they cover land throughout the year, have a dome-like canopy shape and thick leaves are thought to reduce CO2 emissions, one of the gas that triggered global warming that likely turn into climate change. The research aims to measure carbon stocks and reduce CO2 gas emissions in cashew nuts has been carried out in Pondok Village, Wonogiri, Central Java, one of the cashews growing centers in Indonesia. The method of determining plant samples was carried out on cashew crops by monoculture, the age groups (KU) were differentiated 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the measuring plots were determined purposively due to the limited population in the same age plot. Carbon stocks were analyzed using the allomeric method, while CO2 emissions were calculated descriptively. The results showed that cashew plants have the ability to increase carbon stocks and reduce CO2 gas emissions, this ability is kuadratic in line with plant KU. The highest carbon stock by KU 4 plants, the highest ability to reduce CO2 emissions is found in plants aged 30-40 years. The implications of research results on crop management related to emission reduction and increase in C-stock are discussed.
Optimizing the health benefit of Indonesian plant medicine for cancer treatment
Authors: Suyatmi  , Pesik R N
Published: July 2021

The increased incidence of cancer is one of the serious health problems related to climate change. The deterioration of the environment becomes one of the risk factors for cancer. In respond to that problem, the Indonesian health system makes a breakthrough to strengthen health resilience by encouraging the use of Indonesian plant medicine in adjunct with standard pharmaceutical therapy for cancer. The study aimed to investigate the potential of Indonesian plant medicine for the development of complementary medicine for cancer.This review is based on the original paper published on the last five years. The search found several Indonesian plant with high potency for anti-cancer activity, based on in vitro and in vivo study. The medicinal plant include Curcuma longa, Annona muricata, Morinda citrifolia, Elephantopus scaber, Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC, and Caesalpinia sappan.
The effect of rice field conversion and its impact on food availability in North Kalimantan Province
Authors: Widyawati A T , Nurbani  , Prasetyo W B , Manurung S E , Pebriadi A M
Published: July 2021

Land use conversion has been well known as the important trigger of climate change issues. However, land use conversion phenomenon in North Kalimantan Province is getting greater to meet the population growth. To find out the effect of rice field conversion and its impacts on food availability, a study of changes in the rice field, changes in rice production, and the effect of changes in the rice field on North Kalimantan rice production were carried out. Quantitative methods of secondary data analysis were carried out to assess rice production and changes in rice field presented in frequency tables, graphs, and maps. Analysis of the effect of the rice field on rice production was carried out using linear regression analysis. The regression analysis shows a relationship between rice field conversion and rice production. This paper aims to examine the trend of broad change rice field, rice production and the effect of a rice field on rice production needs to be done to find a solution that suitable for solving these problems, especially in North Kalimantan Province. The results of calculation regression analysis rice field and rice production shows that in two regencies and one municipality there is significant influence (more 0.05) while for two regencies have no significant influence (with a significance level of less than 0.05) diminish in total area land to rice production. The amount of rice field with rice production in North Kalimantan Province shows that there is significant influence with significance value of 0.269 (more 0.05).
The role of vermicompost and PGPR on growth and formation of bulbils shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum)
Authors: Triharyanto E , Damayanti N D , Nyoto S , Muliawati E S
Published: July 2021

One of the effects of climate change is a decrease in land productivity and subsequently causes a decrease in crop production. The decrease in land quality will be higher with the use of inorganic fertilizers. Alternative solutions to these problems are the use of vermicompost fertilizers and PGPR. The aim of this research was to examine the role of Vermicompost fertilizers and PGPR on the growth and formation of bulbil tubers. The research design used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors, the first factor was Vermicompost (5 tons ha−1, 10 tons ha−1, 15 tons ha−1, 20 tons ha−1), the second factor was PGPR (with PGPR and without PGPR), repeated as many as 3 times. The results showed that the combination of Vermicompost and PGPR significantly affected the number of bulbils, the combination of vermicompost 5 tons ha−1 + with PGPR produced the highest bulbils. Vermicompost and PGPR had no significant effect on plant height, net assimilation rate, fresh weight, bulb weight, number of bulbils, and number of bulbs. There was no significant interaction between the treatment of vermicompost and PGPR on plant height, net assimilation rate), fresh weight, bulb weight, and a number of bulbs.
The yield potency of various types of garlic planting materials
Authors: Triharyanto E , Putri G F A , Sulandjari  , Muliawati E S
Published: July 2021

Climate change is causing garlic cultivation problems almost all over the world. One of the efforts that can be made to obtain high yields is the use of quality planting materials. Planting material from bulbil and tuber second generation (G2) from bulbil is feasible to study for use as planting material. This study aims to examine the yield potential of various kinds of garlic planting material. The study used a randomized complete block design with 2 treatment factors. Factor 1 were the type of bulbs (parent bulb, parent bulbil, bulb G2, and bulbil G2), and factor 2 were the immersion concentration of GA3 (0 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm) and repeated 3 times. The results showed that conditions of high extreme temperatures caused abnormal growth of garlic, low plant vigor, decreased growth and yield and high plant mortality. Although the plant growth is not normal, the planting material for bulbs G2 and bulbil G2 has the potential to be developed as planting material. This can be seen from the variables of plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, bulbs dry weight and bulbs diameter.
Effects of high temperature and organic fertilizer on growth of several varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L) during the flowering stage
Authors: Komariah  , Marfu’ah Ummi , Ariyanto Dwi Priyo , Sumani  , Setyawati A
Published: July 2021

Climate change significantly increased the occurrence of high temperatures. High temperature significantly reduces rice yield and quality due to induced floret sterility in rice. Organic manure is one of the nutrients that is expected to maintain the soil temperature of rice. The study aims to determine the effect of application organic fertilizer in high temperature during the flowering stage in several varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.). This research was conducted in a greenhouse with an average temperature of 28–34 0C from July to December 2020. The experiment consisted of 3 factors, namely: Varieties of Rice, V (IR64 and Gogo); Application of Organic Fertilizer, O (with and without organic fertilizer); and High Temperature, T (35 and 40°C). The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with 4 replicates. Growth parameters observed were rice plant height, number of tillers, and rice biomass. The result showed that Interaction on varieties, application of organic fertilizer at a high temperature significantly reduce the rice plant height and rice biomass. The estimation of the global warming impact of rice growth can be predicted by this information and mitigating for it.
Sea-level variations from co-located tide gauge and GNSS stations using GNSS-Reflectometry in Indonesia
Authors: Susilo  , Dewi R S , Putra A A , Widyantoro B T , Meilano I , Safi’i A N
Published: July 2021

Sea level variation is an important key for hazard mitigation in the coastal region to study climate change. In the last decade, reflected GNSS signals have been used in many applications, such as snow, sea level, and ocean storm monitoring. In this research, we use GNSS-Reflectometry co-located with a tide gauge station to monitor sea-level variations. We use the Signal Noise to Ratio (SNR) data to derive sea-level height from GNSS. One-month comparison of sea-level variations has been made from a tide gauge and a GNSS measurement in Barus, North Sumatra Indonesia. The results have a mean bias of about 2 cm with a root mean square error of 11 cm and a correlation coefficient value of 0.90. Our result demonstrates that the GNSS-Reflectometry technique is potential to provide a new approach to monitor sea-level changes that complement the existing tide-gauge networks in Indonesia.
Indigofera tinctoria L. growth at various light intensities and shading time intervals
Authors: Budiastuti M T S , Purnomo D , Supriyono  , Pujiasmanto B , Setyaningrum D , Manurung I R
Published: July 2021

Plant production and changes in physiological aspects during the growing season can be influenced by climate change, one of which is the light factor in Indigofera tictoria. The production of secondary metabolites Indigofera tinctoria as a source of natural dyes is responsive to light. This study examines the effect of shading time intervals and light intensity on the growth of Indigofera tinctoria L. The study used a Randomized Complete Block Design with a split-plot design consisting of 2 treatment factors, namely: the shading time interval as the main plot with five levels, namely 1-4, 1-8, 1-12, 8-12 and 4-12 weeks after planting. Light intensity as a subplot with three levels, namely the light intensity of 50%, 25%, and 10%. The results showed that combination shading time interval and light intensity significantly affected the number of nodia, leaf area of 8 WAP root biomass. Shade time of 1-4 weeks with a light intensity of 50% showed the highest number of nodia was 45.67 nodia, root fresh weight was 137.00 g, and root biomass was 60.10 g. The shading time interval had a significant effect on the net assimilation rate of the vegetative phase and root fresh weight. The vegetative phase’s net assimilation rate in the 8-12 WAP shading time treatment was 0.029 g.cm2.day−1. The longer the shading time interval with the lower the light intensity can increase the area index and decrease plant growth.
Strategy mitigation action of climate change of land-based in geopark karst area of Gunungsewu, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Sari S R K , Setiahadi R , Wardhani R M , Sanyoto R , Anom P
Published: July 2021

Gunungkidul District has an area of 485.36 km2, which is a karst area that is included in the Gunung Sewu geopark. The uniqueness of mount karst is mainly in the abundance of carbon stocks in the karst. The karst area’s location has underground river flows, shallow soil solum, and high levels of drought. The objectives were to create actionable strategies for climate change mitigation to reduce the risk of damage to karst areas. The mitigation action strategy aims to reduce the carbon emissions rate from various sources and increase the Karts area’s absorption rate, a community forest area. The methodology uses qualitative research comparing baseline carbon data based on the allometric model. Data collection carried out using the FGD (Focus Group Discussion) method. The results showed that community forests’ average carbon stock was still below the lowest standard of carbon stock’s feasibility in the woods. This situation does not guarantee optimal carbon storage sustainability due to the phenomenon of land-use change and need-cutting. Therefore, the mitigation action strategy needed is to encourage local policies at both the village and district levels in climate change mitigation efforts. This policy will form the basis for mainstreaming climate change mitigation as part of the government’s widely supported work.
Analysis of human activities and socioeconomic development on the marine ecological carrying capacity (mecc) evaluation index to climate change adaptation in Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Susandi A , Wijaya A , Kuntoro W S , Faisal I , Kertabudi F G , Nurdin I
Published: July 2021

Research on human activities and socioeconomic development analysis on the Marine Ecological Carrying Capacity (MECC) evaluation index to climate change adaptation at the Sentra Kelautan dan Perikanan Terpadu (SKPT) Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan in 2015-2019 has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in human activity and socioeconomic development of MECC as an evaluation of adaptation and mitigation to climate change. The method using in this research is an approach to the concept of Integrated Ocean Management (IOM) in the form of MECC. MECC can be used as a tool to see the effectiveness and efficiency of a policy on the environment. MECC consists of two components, namely carrying object (OI) and carrier resilience (RI). Carrying object analysis was performed to determine changes in the value of the human activity index and socio-economic development. The value of the carrying index which consists of human activities (HI) and socio-economic development (SI) activities in Nunukan Regency shows a decline during 2015-2019. The value of HI decreased by 82% from 0.19 in 2015 to 0.03 in 2019 due to increased activity in the fisheries and marine transportation sectors. Meanwhile, the SI value in 2014 was 0.25, down 57% to 0.11 in 2019. This was due to the increase in socio-economic activities in Nunukan Regency. Adaptive capacity can be the main key in preventing a decrease in the carrying index. The form of adaptive capacity carried out by utilizing information, building partnerships among the private and non-private sectors, strengthening stakeholder involvement and control, growing capacity constructing, enforcing regulatory frameworks, and protecting weather change and different environmental adjustments in adaptive management structures.
Application of organic amendments and PGPR on Salibu Rice yield for drought adaptation
Authors: Fatawi A , Pujiasmanto B , Komariah  , Zaki M K , Noda K
Published: July 2021

Drought is one of the climate change phenomena that has a profound impact on agricultural crops. Various adaptation strategies are used to deal with the impacts of climate change, one of which is the ratoon system of rice cultivation. This study aims to examine the effects of providing a combination of organic amendment and the application of PGPR on soil characteristics, growth, and yield of salibu ratoon system in the rainfed dry land. The research was conducted in Wonosari Village, Gondangrejo, Karanganyar, Central Java. This research used a complete randomized block design with three replications consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the organic amendment, which is without the addition of organic matter (C1), compost (C2), and rice husk charcoal (C3). The second factor is the PGPR treatment, which is non-inoculated PGPR (P1) and inoculated PGPR (P2). Data analysis used ANOVA level of 5% followed by Duncan’s test. The results showed that the addition of organic matter and the inoculation of PGPR affected the variable root length, yield, and biomass. The addition of organic matter and PGPR can increase crop yields and plant resistance to drought stress by maintaining soil moisture and root elongation mechanisms. Based on the research results, the addition of rice husk charcoal and PGPR inoculation is the best combination for ratoon rice cultivation in the rainfed dry land.
Fertilization strategy for climate change adaptation to improve nutrient availability and corn growth in ultisol soil
Authors: Sulakhudin  , Manurung R , Abdurrahman T
Published: July 2021

Fertilization is one of the inputs that determine growth yields, but most of the nutrients contained in fertilizers cannot be absorbed by plants due to leaching because of high rainfall. The purpose of this study was todetermine the availability of nutrients and plant growth by mixing inorganic fertilizers with soil amendments consisting of biochar and coastal sediment. The experiment was a single factor experiment arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. Treatment consisted of treatment A: without giving fertilizer, treatment B: giving inorganic fertilizer 100% of the recommended dosage, treatment C: Inorganic fertilizer mixed with biochar and coastal sediment 50% + 50% inorganic fertilizer recommended dosage and treatment D: inorganic fertilizer mixed with biochar and coastal sediment 100% recommended dosage. Improved fertilization strategies can increase nutrient availability and plant growth in Ultisol soil.
The effect of screen materials on the microclimate and growth of chili pepper plant
Authors: Sumiyati  , Madrini I A G B , Tika I W
Published: July 2021

Climate change often causes failure in cultivation. So, microclimate modification is needed. One of which is to use the screen to ensure the cultivation of chili pepper plants. The purposes of this study were to understand the effect of several types of screen materials on the growth of the chili pepper plant and to determine the best screen material for chili pepper plant cultivation. This study consisted of four treatments; there is no screen (NO), UV plastic screen with 0.6 mm (UV) of thickness, shading net with 50% shade factor (SN), and the combination of UV and SN. The results indicated the lowest intensity of sunlight and temperature occurs in the microclimate was using a combination of UV and SN screens. The highest growth, the largest number of leaves, and the earliest flowering age was using SN treatment with 30.65 cm, 39.88 leaves, and 36 days, respectively. In Summary, the treatment of shading net showed the best material for chili pepper plant cultivation compared to UV plastic and the combination of UV plastic and shading net.
Study on growth and yield of black rice M4 generation induced by 100 gamma-ray for drought resistance
Authors: Purwanto E , Parjanto  , Pratama R A J
Published: July 2021

One of the impacts of climate change is drought stress. Drought stress is a severe threat to the present and future, especially black rice cultivation. An appropriate breakthrough needs to be created to get new varieties with drought-resistant and high-yielding character. This paper aimed to review the growth, yield, and get a genotype of black rice M4 generation from Boyolali and Bantul induced by 100 gamma-ray, with a drought-tolerant. The research was conducted at the screenhouse of Jati Village, Jaten, Karanganyar, Indonesia, from August 2020 until January 2021. The screenhouse is 200 meters above sea level, and the daily temperature ranges from 28.2 °-31 ° Celsius. The research design used was a field experiment research by planting the genotype of black rice M4 generation from Boyolali and Bantul induced by 100 gamma-ray. All black rice genotypes were given a moisture content of 50% field capacity as a drought treatment. The observation variables included growth, morpho-physiology, and yield. The data were analyzed descriptively and the comparison character of black rice M4 generation induced by 100 gamma-ray with the control using the T-test. The results showed that there was an effect of drought stress treatment on growth, yield, and there was genetic diversity between genotypes. The selection results showed that the black rice genotype from Boyolali and Bantul were better induced by 100 gamm-ray than the control genotype.
Management of crop planting in the dry season 2020, an adaptation to the impact of drought for supporting the food security
Authors: Wahyudi  , Pramudia A , Salman D , Agustian Adang , Zulkifli  , Permanasari M N
Published: July 2021

One of the impacts of climate change is the different of seasonal rainfall characteristics from year to year, thus the conditions for planting schedules and potential planting areas will also differ from year to year. At the beginning of the Dry Season 2020, the competent authority published that 30% of the season forecast zone in Indonesia was predicted to experience Below-Normal rainfall. This paper aims to analyze areas that have the potential to experience drought and recommend crop management in paddy fields in the Dry Season 2020. The methods are to identify the rainfall condition at rice field area, overlay the rainfall condition with the cropping calendar information, recommend planting management, and balance the needs and fulfillment of rice. The results of the analysis showed that the area of rice, maize, and soybean plants in paddy fields that had the potential to experience drought were 1,087,937 hectares, 1,996,156 hectares, and 786,849 hectares. The potential area of maize and soybean to be converted into rice plants are 1,448,110 hectares, and 102,868 hectares. The potential for rice production during the period July 2020 to January 2021 is estimated at around 25.55 million tons of rice. It is predicted that the conversion of maize and soybeans to become rice plants through fulfilling their water needs will result in an increase in rice production to 33.10 million tons, and produce a supplement in the balance of rice availability to their needs during the July-December 2020 period.