bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indisciplina na Escola: Fatores que influenciam sua Construção e Desconstrução no Município de Banabuiú – Ceará – Brasil
Authors: Silva Rui Barreto da , Villalba Osvaldo Arsênio , Lopes Raimundo Edilberto Moreira
Published: June 2024

A Indisciplina apresenta-se atualmente como um elemento importante dentro do espaço escolar, uma vez que toda a comunidade escolar, professores, alunos, pais e núcleo gestor percebem a sua presença, colocando-a, muitas vezes como um dos aspectos que dificulta o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é identificar os elementos que contribuem para construção e permanência da indisciplina dentro do espaço escolar. O instrumento de coleta de dados, foi um questionário que trouxe como resultado a constatação de que os diferentes atores do espaço escolar ainda não conseguem entender de formar significativa a indisciplina como uma construção e, portanto, possível de desconstrução. Os resultados demonstraram que, ao nos reportamos à pergunta geral deste projeto, entendemos que professores e gestores escolares não se reconhecem como preparados para trabalhar a questão da indisciplina na escola, os fatores que contribuem para a presença da indisciplina na escola estão descritas ao longo da análise dos resultados, assim como as proposições feitas pelos segmentos alunos, professores e gestores escolares. Estas propostas, no entanto, não podem ser, aliás não devem ser colocadas como produto, mas sempre como processo, ou seja, em constante planejamento, ação, reflexão, replanejamento e novamente ação.
Educação ambiental na gestão universitária
Authors: Sudan Daniela Cassia , Gomes Zuin Vânia
Published: June 2024

A partir de uma tese de doutorado, busca-se neste trabalho problematizar a formação socioambiental de servidores atuantes na gestão universitária. O corpus de dados foi produzido a partir de entrevistas em grupos focais, memórias de reuniões e anotações de campo. Três categorias emergiram de uma releitura teórico-crítica dos dados: i) o papel controverso dos “não docentes” na EA; ii) o lugar da gestão ambiental na EA (ou é o inverso?); iii) o dilema de “saber se divulgar”. Os aportes da Teoria Crítica e da EA Crítica apontam para: i) a importância da abordagem da tensão entre teoria e prática; ii) a relevância da compreensão de que a EA não pode prescindir de processos educadores apesar de não excluir a gestão ambiental; iii) a atualidade da indústria cultural dada a superficialidade de certas abordagens em processos de EA.
Editorial
Authors: Corrêa Henning Paula , Da Silva Cíntia Gruppelli
Published: June 2024

O que entendemos por Educação Ambiental? Após tantos anos de constituição de nosso campo de saber, conseguimos ampliar horizontes e possibilitar outros modos de enxergá-lo? Com essas e outras tantas perguntas desdobradas daí, a REMEA abre o primeiro número do volume 41. Apresentamos diferentes pesquisas, com campos epistemológicos distintos e possibilidades múltiplas de processos metodológicos. O conjunto de artigos científicos aqui reunidos convida a cada leitor/a para enfronhar-se nas malhas teóricas e investigativas dos estudos em Educação Ambiental.
Anal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Superficial Lesion Without Luminal Involvement
Authors: Wozny David , Nguyen Minh Thu T. , Kumar Shruti Adidam , Schoenfeld Adam
Published: June 2024

Anal mucinous adenocarcinoma arises from mucin-secreting columnar epithelium within anal glands and is extremely rare, comprising 2%–3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. We present a unique case of 65-year-old developmentally disabled man with complaint of rectal pain. Examination showed an excoriated erythematous perianal region with mucinous film and subdermal nodularity. Surgical pathology of the lesion revealed poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma of intestinal type. Subsequent colonoscopy was without findings of intraluminal lesions. He established with oncology and later underwent a positron emission tomography scan that showed extensive metastasis. This case highlights a unique presentation of de novo mucinous adenocarcinoma with luminal sparing.
Treating Helicobacter pylori and Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Coinfection: A Delicate Balance in Management and a Need for Guidelines
Authors: Abboud Yazan , Richter Benjamin , Malhotra Raj , Vossough-Teehan Sima
Published: June 2024

Treating Helicobacter pylori and Clostridioides difficile coinfection presents a challenging clinical dilemma. Treating H. pylori may increase the risk of C. difficile, and antibiotics generally have been shown to increase the risk of C. difficile infection/recurrence. While it may be reasonable to delay H. pylori treatment, this is especially challenging when there is an acute indication to treat H. pylori such as peptic ulceration or bleeding. There are no guidelines on the management of H. pylori and C. difficile coinfection. We report a patient who had H. pylori and recurrent C. difficile coinfection and suggest a management algorithm based on literature review and our institutional experience. Our patient received quadruple therapy for H. pylori along with vancomycin prophylaxis, taper, and a dose of bezlotoxumab and experienced good outcomes with resolution of his gastrointestinal bleeding and diarrhea.
Cultivating Critical Thinking Skills in Early Childhood through Inquiry-Based Learning Models Grounded in Teachers' Experiences
Authors: Rosidah Siti , Zulaeha Ida , Formen Ali
Published: June 2024

This study aims to describe the implementation of inquiry-based learning models, grounded in teachers' teaching experiences, to enhance critical thinking skills in early childhood at RA Nurul Haq and TKIT Umar Bin Khatab Kudus. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study model, the research investigates the processes and outcomes of inquiry-based learning. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and document reviews, focusing on children aged 4-6. Results indicate that the inquiry-based learning model significantly enhances children's critical thinking skills when applied by certified and experienced teachers. This model promotes balanced cognitive, affective, and psychomotor development through systematic exploration and problem-solving activities. However, challenges persist for non-certified teachers due to limited training. The study's implications are substantial for early childhood education, as implementing an inquiry-based learning model can improve critical thinking skills essential for children's academic and personal growth. It prepares them to face 21st-century challenges such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. Limitations include the study's focus on a specific demographic and the disparity in training and certification levels among teachers, highlighting the need for comprehensive professional development programs. Future research should expand the scope to include a broader range of educational settings, investigate the long-term effects of inquiry-based learning on critical thinking skills, and explore integrating inquiry-based models with other teaching strategies to maximize their effectiveness. In conclusion, this study underscores the positive impact of an inquiry-based learning model, grounded in teachers' teaching experiences, on enhancing critical thinking skills in early childhood education.
Scholars and Literati at the Studium Florentinum (1321–1800)
Authors: Vitale Mara
Published: June 2024

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the Studium Florentinum from its inception in 1321 to 1800.
Reactive Oxygen Species Modulate Th17/Treg Balance in Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia via NLRP3/IL-1β/Caspase-1 Pathway Differentiation
Authors: Jiang Rong , Zhou Haibo , Kong Xianglong , Zhou Zhiguo
Published: June 2024

Chlamydia psittacipneumonia (CPP) is a lung disease caused by the infection with theChla­mydia psittacibacterium, which can lead to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and systemic symptoms. This study explored the specific mechanisms underlying the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the Th17/Treg balance in CPP. The levels of ROS and the differentiation ratio of Th17/Treg in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals and CPP patients were measured using ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. The association between the ROS levels and Th17/Treg was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. The ROS levels and the Th17/Treg ratio were measured in CD4+T cells following H2O2treatment and NLRP3 inhibition. The effects of H2O2treatment and NLRP3 inhibition on the NLRP3/IL-1β/caspase-1 pathway were observed using immunoblotting. Compared to the healthy group, the CPP group exhibited increased levels of ROS in the peripheral blood, an elevated ratio of Th17 differentiation, and a decreased ratio of Treg differentiation. ROS levels were positively correlated with the Th17 cell proportion but negatively correlated with the Treg cell proportion. The ROS levels and NLRP3/IL-1β/caspase-1 expression were up-regulated in CD4+T cells after H2O2treatment. Furthermore, there was an increase in Th17 differentiation and a decrease in Treg differentiation. Conversely, the NLRP3/IL-1β/caspase-1 pathway inhibition reversed the effects of H2O2treatment, with no significant change in the ROS levels. ROS regulates the Th17/Treg balance in CPP, possibly through the NLRP3/IL-1β/caspase-1 pathway. This study provides a new perspective on the development of immunotherapy for CPP.
slc26a12—A novel member of the slc26 family, is located in tandem with slc26a2 in coelacanths, amphibians, reptiles, and birds
Authors: Nagashima Ayumi , Torii Kota , Ota Chihiro , Kato Akira
Published: June 2024

Solute carrier family 26 (Slc26) is a family of anion exchangers with 11 members in mammals (named Slc26a1‐a11). Here, we identified a novel member of the slc26 family, slc26a12, located in tandem with slc26a2 in the genomes of several vertebrate lineages. BLAST and synteny analyses of various jawed vertebrate genome databases revealed that slc26a12 is present in coelacanths, amphibians, reptiles, and birds but not in cartilaginous fishes, lungfish, mammals, or ray‐finned fishes. In some avian and reptilian lineages such as owls, penguins, egrets, and ducks, and most turtles examined, slc26a12 was lost or pseudogenized. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Slc26a12 formed an independent branch with the other Slc26 members and Slc26a12, Slc26a1 and Slc26a2 formed a single branch, suggesting that these three members formed a subfamily in Slc26. In jawless fish, hagfish have two genes homologous to slc26a2 and slc26a12, whereas lamprey has a single gene homologous to slc26a2. African clawed frogs express slc26a12 in larval gills, skin, and fins. These results show that slc26a12 was present at least before the separation of lobe‐finned fish and tetrapods; the name slc26a12 is appropriate because the gene duplication occurred in the distant past.
Nontrivial solutions for resonance quasilinear elliptic systems
Authors: Borgia Natalino , Cingolani Silvia , Vannella Giuseppina
Published: June 2024

We establish an Amann-Zehnder-type result for resonance systems of quasilinear elliptic equations with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, involving nonlinearities growing asymptotically(p,q)\left(p,q)-linear at infinity. The proof relies on a cohomological linking in a product Banach space where the properties of cones of the sublevels are missing, differently from the single quasilinear equation. We also perform critical group computations of the energy functional at the origin, in spite of the lack of itsC2{C}^{2}regularity, to exclude that the found mini-max solution is trivial. Finally, we furnish a local condition which guarantees that the found solution is not semi-trivial.
Edutainment and Dwelling-Related Assets in Poor Rural Areas of Peru
Authors: Chong Alberto , Valdivia Martin
Published: June 2024

We exploit a field experiment by (Chong, A., and M. Valdivia. 2023. “Edutainment, Savings, and Generational Differences in Rural Areas of Peru.” In Working Paper. Department of Economics, Georgia State University) and test whether poor women from rural areas in developing countries that are able to save seek dwelling-related assets and find causal evidence that this is indeed the case. Furthermore, we also find that the older cohort of women, those aged forty and higher, also prioritize material assets related to health-related expenditures, in particular, access to public sewerage system.
Deep learning classification of EEG-based BCI monitoring of the attempted arm and hand movements
Authors: Taghi Zadeh Makouei Sahar , Uyulan Caglar
Published: June 2024

Objectives

The primary objective of this research is to improve the average classification performance for specific movements in patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods

The study utilizes a low-frequency multi-class electroencephalography (EEG) dataset from Graz University of Technology. The research combines convolutional neural network (CNN) and long-short-term memory (LSTM) architectures to uncover neural correlations between temporal and spatial aspects of the EEG signals associated with attempted arm and hand movements. To achieve this, three different methods are used to select relevant features, and the proposed model’s robustness against variations in the data is validated using 10-fold cross-validation (CV). The research also investigates subject-specific adaptation in an online paradigm, extending movement classification proof-of-concept.

Results

The combined CNN-LSTM model, enhanced by three feature selection methods, demonstrates robustness with a mean accuracy of 75.75 % and low standard deviation (+/− 0.74 %) in 10-fold cross-validation, confirming its reliability.

Conclusions

In summary, this research aims to make valuable contributions to the field of neuro-technology by developing EEG-controlled assistive devices using a generalized brain-computer interface (BCI) and deep learning (DL) framework. The focus is on capturing high-level spatiotemporal features and latent dependencies to enhance the performance and usability of EEG-based assistive technologies.
Critical Thinking as an Integrative Process: Debating Wolves in Yellowstone
Authors: De Jonghe Lynn Sargent
Published: June 2024

The topic of critical thinking has engaged philosophers, psychologists and educators for well over one hundred years. Amid polarized political attacks on the teaching of controversial issues, however, education in critical thinking appears to be nearing a new low, not only in the United States, but also in other countries being torn by partisan politics. This article reviews the ebb and flow of critical thinking efforts, suggests explanations for their discouraging results, and proposes a way forward that treats critical thinking as an integrative process advanced by Mary Parker Follet, and more recently espoused by Bruno Latour and Donna Haraway. In the exploratory spirit of John Dewey and Alfred North Whitehead, I am introducing this essay, not with analysis or theory, but with a narrative of educational events in all their richness of context. These events describe how middle school students addressed the question of whether wolves should be removed from the endangered species list in the Northern Rocky Mountains of the United States. In the course of this discussion, I wish to demonstrate that thinking critically requires moving beyond winning, losing, or compromising to resolution of conflict, and furthermore, understanding that even stable resolutions must be revisited as events change.
Introducing Grid WAR: rethinking WAR for starting pitchers
Authors: Brill Ryan S. , Wyner Abraham J.
Published: June 2024

The baseball statistic “Wins Above Replacement” (WAR) has emerged as one of the most popular evaluation metrics. But it is not readily observed and tabulated; WAR is an estimate of a parameter in a vaguely defined model with all its attendant assumptions. Industry-standard models of WAR for starting pitchers from FanGraphs and Baseball Reference all assume that season-long averages are sufficient statistics for a pitcher’s performance. This provides an invalid mathematical foundation for many reasons, especially because WAR should not be linear with respect to any counting statistic. To repair this defect, as well as many others, we devise a new measure, Grid WAR, which accurately estimates a starting pitcher’s WAR on a per-game basis. The convexity of Grid WAR diminishes the impact of “blow-up” games and up-weights exceptional games, raising the valuation of pitchers like Sandy Koufax, Whitey Ford, and Catfish Hunter who exhibit fundamental game-by-game variance. Although Grid WAR is designed to accurately measure historical performance, it has predictive value insofar as a pitcher’s Grid WAR is better than Fangraphs’ FIP WAR at predicting future performance. Finally, at https://gridwar.xyz we host a Shiny app which displays the Grid WAR results of each MLB game since 1952, including career, season, and game level results, which updates automatically every morning.
Tunable third harmonic generation based on high-Q polarization-controlled hybrid phase-change metasurface
Authors: Tao Yi , Zhang Dong-Qin , Jin Zhong-Wei , Pan Gui-Ming , Qin Jian-Yuan , Hong Zhi , Fang Bin , Shu Fang-Zhou
Published: June 2024

Dielectric metasurfaces have made significant advancements in the past decade for enhancing light–matter interaction at the nanoscale. Particularly, bound states in the continuum (BICs) based on dielectric metasurfaces have been employed to enhance nonlinear harmonic generation. However, conventional nonlinear metasurfaces are typically fixed in their operating wavelength after fabrication. In this work, we numerically demonstrate tunable third harmonic generation (THG) by integrating a dielectric metasurface with the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). The hybrid phase-change metasurface can support two BICs with different electromagnetic origins, which are transformed into two high-Q quasi-BICs through the introduction of structural asymmetry. The two quasi-BICs are selectively excited by controlling the polarization of incident light, and their wavelengths are tunable due to the phase transition of GST. Notably, the efficiency of THG is significantly enhanced at the fundamental wavelengths corresponding to the two quasi-BICs, and the operating wavelength for THG enhancement can be dynamically tuned through the GST phase transition. Furthermore, the wavelength of THG enhancement can be further tuned by manipulating the polarization of pump light. Additionally, a high-Q analog of electromagnetically induced transparency is numerically achieved through the interaction between a low-Q Mie resonance and a quasi-BIC mode, which also improves the THG efficiency. The high-Q polarization-controlled hybrid phase-change metasurface holds promise for applications in dynamically tunable nonlinear optical devices.
Evaluating SiO2/Al2O3/poly(acrylic acid-co-glycidyl methacrylate) composite as a novel adsorbent for cobalt(II) radionuclides
Authors: Emara Amr M. , Elsharma Emad M. , Abdelmonem Islam M. , Mahmoud Mamdoh R.
Published: June 2024

A novel SiO2/Al2O3/poly(acrylic acid-co-glycidyl methacrylate), SiO2/Al2O3/P(AA-co-GMA), composite was synthesized and evaluated for its effectiveness in adsorbing Co(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The composite was analyzed using various techniques including FTIR, SEM, TGA, DTA, and XRD. The composite displays a high specific surface area of 17.451 m2/g, exceeding that of the corresponding copolymer, which measures 0.236 m2/g. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the factors influencing the adsorption capacity of the composite for Co(II) ions. In the pH experiments, it was found that at a solution pH of 3.4, the P(AA-co-GMA) copolymer alone showed limited capability in adsorbing Co(II) ions, achieving only 3.82 mg/g. However, upon integration of SiO2/Al2O3 into the polymer matrix, the composite exhibited a significantly enhanced adsorption capacity of 103.54 mg/g. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and attained equilibrium within 60 min. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to best describe the adsorption behavior, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 217.86 mg/g. The adsorption of Co(II) was significantly affected by the ionic strength, especially with Al3+ displaying a more pronounced impact on the adsorption of Co(II) ions compared to Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. Thermodynamic studies indicate that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Overall, the SiO2/Al2O3/P(AA-co-GMA) composite material displayed significant adsorption ability for Co(II) ions, making it a suitable option for further development as an effective adsorbent in water treatment applications.
Fast prediction of concrete equivalent modulus based on the random aggregate model and image quadtree SBFEM
Authors: Zhao Wenhu , Fu Chengyue , Zhang Peng , Sun Liguo
Published: June 2024

To evaluate the mechanical property of concrete materials rapidly, a fast prediction model of the concrete equivalent modulus is proposed based on the random aggregate model and scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM). First, a random aggregate model of meso-concrete is employed to construct the representative volume element (RVE) according to the aggregate content, gradation, shape, etc. Second, the RVE model is transformed to be a grayscale image and stored as a digital matrix. The quadtree mesh is partitioned automatically for simulation by SBFEM. There are only six types of unique subdomains, and the hanging node does not affect the simulation accuracy. The global stiffness matrix can be assembled directly according to the six subdomain stiffness matrices. Finally, the equivalent modulus is predicted by using the numerical homogenization method. Several numerical examples are employed to verify this model, and the results are compared with that of other methods. The result indicates that the proposed model can efficiently determine the equivalent modulus. Furthermore, the effect of the aggregate gradation, shape, porosity, and pore water are studied and analysed in this work. The proposed model is potential and helpful in predicting the mechanical properties of concrete or other composite materials.
GAMIFIKÁCIÓ LEHETSÉGES SZEREPE AZ MTMI TERÜLETEKET ÉRINTŐ PÁLYAORIENTÁCIÓBAN
Authors: Zimmermann Ildikó
Published: June 2024

A felsőoktatást az utóbbi években a nagyarányú, minden hazai egyetemet érintő lemorzsolódás jellemzi, ugyanakkor megnőtt a diplomások iránti kereslet, ami a technológiai fejlődés nyomán legjobban az MTMI (Matematikai, Természettudományi, Műszaki és Informatikai) területeken végzetteket érinti. Jelen kutatás célja a műszaki felsőoktatás iránt érdeklődő középiskolás tanulók pályaválasztáshoz kapcsolódó aktivitásainak, ismeretszerzési szokásainak, valamint az alkalmazott pályaorientációs eszközök fejlesztési lehetőségeinek megismerése. A tanulmány alapjául szolgáló kutatás a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Műszaki és Informatikai Karán 2023 december 10-én és 2024 január 18-án megrendezett Nyílt Napok keretében valósult meg. A megkérdezés kétféle módon, egyrészt online kérdőíves, másrészt helyszíni, papíralapú adatfelvétel formájában történt. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a jelentkezők egyre tudatosabban választják meg információforrásaikat, ami a pályaválasztás tekintetében magukat a felsőoktatási intézményeket és azok pályaorientációs tevékenységeit jelenti. A Z generációra jellemző módon egyre nagyobb igényük van élményalapú, gamifikált pályaorientációs megoldásokra. Különösen fontos számukra, hogy jövőbeli foglalkozásuk illeszkedjék személyes preferenciáikhoz, illetve, hogy ehhez megkapják a megfelelő minőségű és mennyiségű tájékoztatást. A kapott eredmények hozzásegítik az intézményt pályaorientációs tevékenységei előremutató, potenciális hallgatói igényei mentén történő alakítására.
Filial piety as a beneficial factor for posttraumatic adjustment in the context of adverse childhood experiences among Taiwanese young adults
Authors: Huang Yu-Lien , Yeh Kuang-Hui
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) after exposure to later trauma, but in Chinese society some cultural factors such as filial piety can be perceived as a protector buffering the negative results of ACEs on early adulthood adaptation. Method: This study used a longitudinal design to investigate whether dual filial piety—reciprocal filial piety (RFP: affection/gratitude) and authoritarian filial piety (AFP: role obligation/hierarchy)—are protective factors against PTSS and facilitate posttraumatic growth (PTG) following trauma among Taiwanese young adults. The final sample comprised 246 participants aged 18-25 years old who reported experiencing at least one type of trauma in their history of ACEs, RFP, AFP, PTSS, and PTG at Time 1. One (Time 2) and seven (Time 3) months later, 98 and 60 of the original respondents completed follow-up assessments. Results: Results showed that ACEs were significantly associated with higher PTSS, and both RFP and AFP significantly related to lower PTSS and higher PTG at Time 1 and Time 2. Furthermore, RFP mediated the relationship between ACEs and PTSS such that individuals with higher RFP reported lower PTSS across time. Discussion: These findings suggest that filial piety may serve as a protective factor against PTSS and facilitate PTG among traumatized Taiwanese individuals with a history of ACEs. The study implies that future research should explore the mechanisms underlying these relationships and consider how cultural factors may influence the role of filial piety in posttraumatic adjustment.
Conveying depression: Is a reduced relative preference for happiness a way depressed people convince themselves of their depressed identity?
Authors: Wahlers Justin N. , Wahlers Danielle E. , Hart William P.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Individuals who are more depressed show a reduced preference for happy over sad stimuli. Researchers have proffered various features of depression that might produce a genuine reduced preference for happy vs. sad stimuli. Here, in line with an identity maintenance perspective on depression, we posited that this reduced relative preference is, in part, used to communicate a more depressed identity. Method: In a preregistered experiment, nonclinical participants (N = 508) completed a dimensional measure of depression and rated their preferences for happy and sad images. We manipulated the extent to which a relative preference for happy (vs. sad) images could be used to seem depressed (happy-preference-is-depressed preference framing) or vice versa (sad-preference-is-depressed preference framing). Results: People with elevated depression showed a reduced preference for happy over sad images in the sad-vs. happy-preference-is-depressed preference framing, and people with low depression showed the opposite effect. These effects persisted after controlling for sex and could not be attributed to demand. Depression also related positively to rating oneself as being depressed, and mediation evidence suggested that the strategic alteration of preferences on the image viewing task partly drove these judgments. Discussion: Consistent with an identity maintenance perspective, the data suggest that hedonic preferences associated with depression may be driven, in part, by the desire to signal one's own depression levels.
Mindless to Mindful Parenting? Videofeedback-Enhanced Psychotherapy for Violence-Exposed Mothers and Their Young Children
Authors: Schechter Daniel S.
Published: June 2024

This article presents a frequent dilemma of treatment-seeking mothers suffering from complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that is related to exposure to maltreatment and other forms of interpersonal violence. Namely, that complex PTSD symptoms, including dissociative states in mothers that are triggered by normative child emotion dysregulation, aggression, and distress during early childhood, hinder the development of a productive psychotherapeutic process in more traditional psychodynamic psychotherapies for mothers and children. The article thus presents clinician-assisted videofeedback exposure (CAVE) that characterizes a recently manualized brief psychotherapy for this population, called CAVE-approach therapy (CAVEAT). CAVEAT can be used on its own or to preface a deeper process using child-parent psychotherapy or other non-videofeedback-enhanced psychodynamic models. A clinical illustration is provided.
“What Is the Point of Human Beings?”
Authors: Greene Elizabeth Anne
Published: June 2024

Climate change caused by human activities is a serious threat to the survival of our species, and one that we have not yet mustered the perspective and the will to address. Our vision tends to focus on what is useful to ourselves as individuals in the short term, instead of more broadly on what is needed for the long-term good of our species. We do not consider what our purpose and role could be in the life of our planet. We do not ask “What is the point of human beings?” In this time of climate crisis, answering this question by developing a shared sense of purpose, a purpose centered on caring for the world as a whole, might give our species the perspective and will we need to survive.
Neutral or Detrimental Effects of TREM2 Agonist Antibodies in Preclinical Models of Alzheimer’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Etxeberria Ainhoa , Shen Yun-An A. , Vito Stephen , Silverman Sean M. , Imperio Jose , Lalehzadeh Guita , Soung Allison L. , Du Changchun , Xie Luke , Choy Man Kin , Hsiao Yi-chun , Ngu Hai , Cho Chang Hoon , Ghosh Soumitra , Novikova Gloriia , Rezzonico Mitchell G. , Leahey Rebecca , Weber Martin , Gogineni Alvin , Elstrott Justin , Xiong Monica , Greene Jacob J. , Stark Kimberly L. , Chan Pamela , Roth Gillie A. , Adrian Max , Li Qingling , Choi Meena , Wong Weng Ruh , Sandoval Wendy , Foreman Oded , Nugent Alicia A. , Friedman Brad A. , Sadekar Shraddha , Hötzel Isidro , Hansen David V. , Chih Ben , Yuen Tracy J. , Weimer Robby M. , Easton Amy , Meilandt William J. , Bohlen Christopher J.
Published: June 2024

Human genetics and preclinical studies have identified key contributions of TREM2 to several neurodegenerative conditions, inspiring efforts to modulate TREM2 therapeutically. Here, we characterize the activities of three TREM2 agonist antibodies in multiple mixed-sex mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and remyelination. Receptor activation and downstream signaling are explored in vitro, and active dose ranges are determined in vivo based on pharmacodynamic responses from microglia. For mice bearing amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology (PS2APP) or combined Aβ and tau pathology (TauPS2APP), chronic TREM2 agonist antibody treatment had limited impact on microglia engagement with pathology, overall pathology burden, or downstream neuronal damage. For mice with demyelinating injuries triggered acutely with lysolecithin, TREM2 agonist antibodies unexpectedly disrupted injury resolution. Likewise, TREM2 agonist antibodies limited myelin recovery for mice experiencing chronic demyelination from cuprizone. We highlight the contributions of dose timing and frequency across models. These results introduce important considerations for future TREM2-targeting approaches.
Cognitive Accessibility of Information for Vocational Education, Support and Rehabilitation
Authors:   Albreсht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, Miroshnichenkо Oksana A. , Vechkanova Irina G. ,   Albreсht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The article examines the problems of accessibility of professional information and intersectoral research results at three stages. Methodology and Results. At the first stage, the method of a sociological survey of disabled people (5.500 people) was used, when analyzing the results of which it was concluded that they stated the insufficient importance of education as a sphere of life (43 %) and the incomprehensibility of the information provided to them on information resources (40.2 %). The purpose of the practical second stage of the study is to develop and test the diagnosis of the availability of information for professional information (hereinafter referred to as professional information) and the need for support in obtaining advisory services for professional orientation in accessible types of work, socio–psychological, socio-pedagogical, correctional and educational services through determining the degree of cognitive safety as an objective criterion for helping people and accompanying persons with disabilities. Method: adapted questionnaire (MMSE test) as a screening tool for cognitive preservation in people of working age who applied for social services (5.915 people). The results of practical diagnostics of cognitive preservation have determined approaches to differentiating information design for the perception of information as a condition of cognitive accessibility. At the third stage, prognostic modeling of recommendations to increase the accessibility of professional information for vocational training, education and social rehabilitation, and support for the disabled was carried out. Conclusions. Taking into account functional and adaptive reserves, cognitive safety of disabled people determines the design, modeling of the subsequent design of information accessibility by levels of cognitive accessibility, which contributes to improving the quality of professional information, counseling in order to build a route of vocational education and training, including additional education or retraining.
Bosworth ankle fracture-dislocation: current concept review
Authors: Bartoníček Jan , Rammelt Stefan , Tuček Michal
Published: June 2024

Bosworth fracture (BF) is a special type of locked ankle fracture-dislocation, characterized by displacement of a fragment of the fractured fibula from the fibular notch behind the posterior surface of the distal tibia.

BF is a complex injury affecting multiple structures of the ankle joint, which is still frequently misjudged even today, potentially leading to severe complications.

CT examination, including 3D reconstructions, should be the diagnostic standard in BF, as it provides a complete picture of the fracture pathoanatomy, most prominently the morphology of the frequently associated posterior malleolar fracture.

BF requires early reduction of the displaced fibular fragment without repeated attempts on closed reduction. Non-operative treatment of BF almost always fails. The standard treatment procedure is early open reduction internal fixation.

Due to the relative severity and paucity of the injury, BF seems to be particularly prone to soft tissue complications, including compartment syndrome.

The results of operative treatment are mixed. Many studies report persistent pain even after a short time interval, with limitations of the range of motion or even stiffness of the ankle joint, and development of degenerative changes. Larger studies with long-term results are still missing.
Practical management of renal cell carcinoma: integrating current approaches with advances in bone metastasis treatment
Authors: Eremia Irina-Anca , Serban Bogdan , Popa Mihnea , Iancu Adela , Nica Silvia , Cirstoiu Catalin
Published: June 2024

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common type of tumor that can develop in the kidney. It is responsible for around one-third of all cases of neoplasms. RCC manifests itself in a variety of distinct subtypes. The most frequent of which is clear cell RCC, followed by papillary and chromophobe RCC.

RCC has the potential for metastasis to a variety of organs; nevertheless, bone metastases are one of the most common and potentially fatal complications. These bone metastases are characterized by osteolytic lesions that can result in pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and other complications, which can ultimately lead to a deterioration in quality of life and an increase morbidity.

While nephrectomy remains a foundational treatment for RCC, emerging evidence suggests that targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and T cell checkpoint inhibitors, may offer effective alternatives, potentially obviating the need for adjuvant nephrectomy in certain cases of metastatic RCC

Bone metastases continue to be a difficult complication of RCC, which is why more research is required to enhance patient outcome.
Educación virtual: alternativa en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Garcés Rojas Diego Alejandro , Ochoa Patiño José Daniel , Medina López Mariana
Published: June 2024

Este artículo pretende hacer un análisis ref lexivo sobre la educación virtual durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Define la educación presencial, educación a distancia y educación virtual; reconoce las principales dificultades y estrategias que surgieron en las instituciones educativas durante este tiempo de confinamiento; comprende las estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas desde la virtualidad y expone la experiencia de la educación en el Departamento del Meta, Colombia, y enuncia las estrategias utilizadas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) y la Secretaría de Educación del Meta, aplicadas en este tiempo de aislamiento.
Madeni Paraların Ceza ve Kabahatler Hukuku Aracılığıyla Korunması
Authors: Öztürk Şerif Ahmet
Published: June 2024

Günümüzde yalnızca ufak para ihtiyacını gidermek amacıyla kullanılan madeni paraların içerdikleri madenlerin değeri itibari değerlerinin üzerine çıkabilmekte ve eritilip başka amaçlarla kullanılması ihtimali bulunmaktadır. Madeni paraların toplu şekilde eritilmesi devlet hazinesine bir yük getireceği gibi madeni para kıtlığı oluşmasına da neden olabilir. Çalışmada madeni paraların eritilmeye karşı korunması yolları incelenmekte ve ceza ve kabahatler hukuku araçlarının nasıl kullanılabileceği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Madeni Ufaklık ve Hatıra Para Bastırılması Hakkında Kanun m. 6’da yer alan suç, madeni paraların ceza hukuku vasıtasıyla korunduğu tek hukuki düzenlemedir. Ancak bu suçun doğrudan eritmeye karşı bir koruma sağlamadığı görülmektedir. Çalışma, madeni paraların eritilmeye karşı ceza hukuku eliyle korunmadığı sonucuna ulaşmakta ve bu korumanın sağlanabilmesi adına madeni paraların toplu olarak yok edilmesinin bir suç veya kabahat olarak düzenlenmesi önerisiyle sonlanmaktadır.
Understanding polyamidoamine epichlorohydrin (PAAE) retention in paper
Authors: Ntifafa Yao , Ji Yun , Hart Peter W.
Published: June 2024

Polyamidoamine epichlorohydrin (PAAE) is a permanent wet strength resin used in papermaking. When applied to paperboard, some amount of resin is retained in the sheet, and some is lost to the white water. The papermaker usually knows the amount of PAAE charged to the pulp but has no idea how much chemical is retained in the sheet. In addition, the influence of PAAE dosage, freeness, zeta potential, and pulp kappa number variability on PAAE retention is not well understood. Factorial design experiments using unbleached and bleached softwood (loblolly pine) kraft pulps were conducted to understand the factors that affect PAAE retention. The results revealed that PAAE retention, wet tear index, and tensile index not only depended on the PAAE charged of the pulp but also depended significantly on the pulp freeness. In lieu of freeness, zeta potential data can be used to predict PAAE retention. In addition, at similar freeness, bleached pulp has the highest retention of PAAE compared to low and high kappa unbleached kraft pulps. The results also suggest that lignin may have potential as a wet strength agent.
Wheat straw as base paper for barrier coating
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Lind Anke , Sängerlaub Sven , Martorana Emanuele
Published: June 2024

A smooth and dense surface of the base paper is advantageous when the goal is to apply a liquid coating as a barrier layer. For such a base paper, non-wood fibers derived from wheat straw could be an alternative to wood fibers. In this research paper, wheat straw pulp was refined with different beating levels (up to 600 revolutions) followed by different calendering pressure loads (up to 50 N/mm) to test its influence on mechanical and surface properties. Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was used as sizing agent with concentrations up to 0.2 wt% followed by a mineral-based precoating to test its influence on the smoothness. Eucalyptus pulp was chosen as a benchmark. After beating, the initial Schopper-Riegler degrees of 28 °SR increased to 56 °SR. Beating also increased the tensile index from 24 to 49 Nm/g, the burst index from 1.2 to 2.8 kPa·m²/g, and the tear index decreased from 3.3 to 2.8 mN·m2/g. Calendering reduced the initial roughness of 370 mL/min to 30 mL/min. When precoated and calendered again, the value was lowered to 15 mL/min. In summary, wheat straw paper is a relevant alternative to wood-derived base paper to produce barrier papers. Compared to eucalyptus, wheat straw paper showed better smoothness and much lower air permeability indicating excellent suitability for barrier coating.
Development of the Saini-Hodgins Addiction Risk Potential of Games (SHARP-G) Scale: An International Delphi study
Authors: Saini Nirav , Adair Cam , King Daniel L. , Kuss Daria J. , Gentile Douglas A. , Kim Hyoun S. , Edge Jeremy , Billieux Joël , Ng John , Yun Juliana P. S. , Henkel Lisa , Faulcon Linda , Nogueira Michelle , Nielsen Rune K. L. , Husk Shannon , Rumble Shawn , Becker Trey R. , Demetrovics Zsolt , Hodgins David C.
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives

As the gaming industry experiences exponential growth, concerns about gaming disorder (GD) also grow. It is crucial to understand the structural features of games that can interact with individual characteristics of gamers to promote GD. This research consolidates the views of an international body of panelists to create an assessment tool for gauging the addictive potential of distinct games.

Methods

Utilizing the iterative and structured Delphi method, an international panel of researchers, clinicians, and people with lived experience were recruited to offer a multifaceted viewpoint on the addictive risk associated with specific structural elements in games. Two rounds of surveys facilitated consensus.

Results

The panel initially included 40 members—ten from research, eight from clinical settings, and 22 with lived experiences. The second round included 27 panelists—seven from research, eight from clinical settings, and 11 with lived experiences. The study identified 25 structural features that contribute to potentially addictive gaming patterns.

Discussion and Conclusions

Consensus was found for 25 features, which were distilled into a 23-item evaluation tool. The Saini-Hodgins Addiction Risk Potential of Games Scale (SHARP-G) consists of five overarching categories: ‘Social,’ ‘Gambling-Like Features,’ ‘Personal Investment,’ ‘Accessibility,’ and ‘World Design.’ SHARP-G yields a total score indicating level of addiction risk. A case study applying the scale to three games of differing perceived risk levels demonstrated that that score corresponded to game risk as expected. While the SHARP-G scale requires further validation, it provides significant promise for evaluating gaming experiences and products.
Moderating effects of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the association between problematic mobile phone use and chronotype among Chinese young adults: Focus on gender differences
Authors: Li Tingting , Chen Yuming , Xie Yang , Tao Shuman , Zou Liwei , Yang Yajuan , Tao Fangbiao , Wu Xiaoyan
Published: June 2024

Objective

To investigate the rates of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and chronotypes in young adults, and examine the associations of PMPU with chronotypes, as well as its gender differences. Furthermore, we explored the moderating role of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the associations.

Methods

From April to May 2019, a total of 1,179 young adults were selected from 2 universities in Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) were adopted to investigate PMPU and chronotypes in young adults, respectively. Moreover, 744 blood samples were collected to measure PER3 gene DNA methylation. Multivariate logistic regression models were established to analyze the associations between PMPU and chronotypes. Moderating analysis was used to determine whether PER3 gene DNA methylation moderated the relationships between PMPU and chronotypes.

Results

The prevalence of PMPU, morning chronotypes (M-types), neutral chronotypes (N-types), and evening chronotypes (E-types) of young adults were 24.6%, 18.4%, 71.1%, and 10.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that PMPU was positively correlated with E-types (OR = 3.53, 95%CI: 2.08–6.00), and the association was observed only in females after stratified by gender (OR = 5.36, 95%CI: 2.70–10.67). Furthermore, PER3 gene DNA methylation has a negative moderating role between PMPU and chronotypes and has a sex-based difference.

Conclusions

This study can provide valuable information for the prevention and control of circadian rhythm disturbance among young adults from the perspective of epidemiology and biological etiology.
Statistical optimization for comparative hydrolysis and fermentation for hemicellulosic ethanolgenesis
Authors: Chaudhary Asma , Aihetasham Ayesha , Younas Smavia , Basheer Nimra , Hussain Nageen , Naz Sumaira , Aziz Tariq , Albekairi Thamer H.
Published: June 2024

The concept of ‘Energy from waste’ is one of the most focused areas of work to find a solution for controlling trash and combat energy crises. In Pakistan and other agricultural countries, because of their substantial use during the summer, watermelon peels as fruit waste are usually thrown out as a trash. This study supported the management of huge quantities of waste to value-added products at a commercial scale. The current study aims to select and subject xylanolytic and ethanologenic Bacillus cereus XG2 for water melon peels valorization appropriately with comparison of three hydrolysis techniques. The study will be helpful for selection of economical and environmentally beneficial valorization strategies. For ethanalogenesis, separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) protocols with Saccharomyces cerevisiae K7 and Metchnikowia cibodasensis Y34 were used. For hydrolysis, three different saccharification approaches, viz. dilute sulfuric acid, enzymatic hydrolysis (using Bacillus cereus XG2 xylanases), and combined acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis, were adopted. Two statistical models, Placket-Burman (hydrolysis) and Central composite design (ethanologenesis) were used. In untreated watermelon waste (WW), reducing sugar, total lipids, total carbohydrates, and protein contents were calculated as 16.70±0.05 g/L, 3.20±0.02 g/L, 28.7±0.04 g/L, and 3.70±0.03 g/L, respectively. Similarly, the lignin (15.51±0.22%), hemicellulose (17.20±2.30%). and cellulose (52.26±0.33%) contents were also analyzed. Based on the significance of the Plackett–Burman model for enzymatic saccharification, the released reducing sugars as well as total sugars were 21.62±0.01 g/L and 43.30±1.55 g/L, respectively, and enzymatic hydrolyzate was adopted for further fermentation experiments. By CCD model, the highest ethanol yield calculated for yeast Metchnikowia cibodasensis Y34 was 0.4±0.04 g/g of fermentable sugars at 32.5oC with 50% enzymatic hydrolysate of WW by incubating for 8 days. It was suggested that SHF could be a beneficial approach to increase the conversion of hemicellulose to fermentable sugars to produce bioethanol on a large scale.