bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
External aluminium supply regulates photosynthesis and carbon partitioning in the Al-accumulating tropical shrub Melastoma malabathricum
Authors: Mahmud Khairil , Weitz Hedda , H. Kritzler Ully , Burslem David F. R. P.
Published: March 2024

Aluminium (Al) is toxic to most plants, but recent research has suggested that Al addition may stimulate growth and nutrient uptake in some species capable of accumulating high tissue Al concentrations. The physiological basis of this growth response is unknown, but it may be associated with processes linked to the regulation of carbon assimilation and partitioning by Al supply. To test alternative hypotheses for the physiological mechanism explaining this response, we examined the effects of increasing Al concentrations in the growth medium on tissue nutrient concentrations and carbon assimilation in two populations of the Al-accumulator Melastoma malabathricum. Compared to seedlings grown in a control nutrient solution containing no Al, mean rates of photosynthesis and respiration increased by 46% and 27%, respectively, total non-structural carbohydrate concentrations increased by 45%, and lignin concentration in roots decreased by 26% when seedlings were grown in a nutrient solution containing 2.0 mM Al. The concentrations of P, Ca and Mg in leaves and stems increased by 31%, 22%, and 26%, respectively, in response to an increase in nutrient solution Al concentration from 0 to 2.0 mM. Elemental concentrations in roots increased for P (114%), Mg (61%) and K (5%) in response to this increase in Al concentration in the nutrient solution. Plants derived from an inherently faster-growing population had a greater relative increase in final dry mass, net photosynthetic and respiration rates and total non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in response to higher external Al supply. We conclude that growth stimulation by Al supply is associated with increases in photosynthetic and respiration rates and enhanced production of non-structural carbohydrates that are differentially allocated to roots, as well as stimulation of nutrient uptake. These responses suggest that internal carbon assimilation is up-regulated to provide the necessary resources of non-structural carbohydrates for uptake, transport and storage of Al in Melastoma malabathricum. This physiological mechanism has only been recorded previously in one other plant species, Camellia sinensis, which last shared a common ancestor with M. malabathricum more than 120 million years ago.
SUMO-dependent transcriptional repression by Sox2 inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cells
Authors: Marelli Elisa , Hughes Jaime , Scotting Paul J.
Published: March 2024

Sox2 is known for its roles in maintaining the stem cell state of embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells. In particular, it has been shown to slow the proliferation of these cell types. It is also known for its effects as an activating transcription factor. Despite this, analysis of published studies shows that it represses as many genes as it activates. Here, we identify a new set of target genes that Sox2 represses in neural stem cells. These genes are associated with centrosomes, centromeres and other aspects of cell cycle control. In addition, we show that SUMOylation of Sox2 is necessary for the repression of these genes and for its repressive effects on cell proliferation. Together, these data suggest that SUMO-dependent repression of this group of target genes is responsible for the role of Sox2 in regulating the proliferation of neural stem cells.
Symbolism of Numbers in Numeral Phraseological Units of the Russian and Chinese languages
Authors: Bulgakova Olga
Published: March 2024

The article highlights the results of the analysis of the symbolic potential of numbers in Russian and Chinese phraseological units. The phraseological units of each language reflect the process of development of the national culture: beliefs, cultural values, stereotypes. Numerical phraseological units comprehensively reflect the mentality of the Russian and Chinese peoples: with the help of numbers, the personal characteristics of a person are expressed. The world functioning and its processes are described. Comparison of phraseological units of different languages allows us to identify common and unique features of categorization and conceptualization in linguistic pictures of the world. A comparative analysis of the specifics of the categorization of reality in these lexical units showed that they clearly reflect the specifics of the linguistic worldviews of these peoples. Their symbolic potential has both similarities and differences, which should be taken into account in the process of intercultural communication.
Courtois Motifs as a Means of Representing Pedagogical Issues in F.M. Dostoevsky's Short Story «The Little Hero»
Authors: Ковалев Олег Александрович , Яровая Анна Сергеевна
Published: March 2024

Pedagogical problems are the backbone for the work of F.M. Dostoevsky, various aspects of this topic can be traced throughout the writer's creative career, however, one of the most remarkable works from the point of view of the way pedagogical ideas are represented is the story "Little Hero". Here Dostoevsky uses a complex of canonical motifs of courtois literature. These traditions are already foregrounded by the semantics of the title and, further, they can be traced in the plot structure based on the initiation rite, as well as in the character system of the story (the protagonist not only positions himself as a knight, but in fact is the possessor of typical knightly attributes, and the features of a Beautiful lady are projected onto one of the female characters). However, the representation of courtois motives in the story of F.M. Dostoevsky's is specific, and the specificity lies in the writer's use of irony, which is why the traditional plot of the knight's novel and the entire motivic complex characteristic of courtois literature are realized in a comic, somewhat degraded form.
“Love Science not in Yourself Alone”: Review of the XXI International Scientific Conference “Onomastics of the Volga Region”
Authors: Bubnova Nina
Published: March 2024

The article describes the scope of onomastic research outlined at the XXI International Scientific Conference “Onomastics of the Volga Region”, which took place on October 3-5, 2023 at Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin. At plenary and panel sessions, reports were heard and discussed on the theoretical and methodological aspects of onomastics, modern problems of anthroponymy and ethnonymy, toponymy and microtoponymy; the study of urban onomastic space, literary and folklore onomastics, as well as onomastic periphery (studies of zoonyms, theonyms and onomastic units of other categories). For the first time, separate thematic blocks were composed of reports examining the possibilities of using onomastic material (in particular, local history) at school and university, as well as the peculiarities of the functioning of onyms as parts of proverbs. As a result of the conference, priority areas of onomastics of the 21st century were revealed, controversial issues and research prospects were identified.
OPTIMIZATION OF CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING URTICA DIOICA L. EXTRACT AND THE STUDY OF ITS ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES
Authors: Borisova Anna Viktorovna , Chervotkina Daria Romanovna
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the presented study was to select optimal conditions and develop a technology for obtaining nettle extract, which in the future can be used in food technologies. Nettles were harvested in May before the appearance of inflorescences. The place where the plant is collected is a forest near the village of Lvovka in the Shigonsky district of the Samara region. Mathematical optimization of the conditions for obtaining water-alcohol extract of nettle dioecious was carried out. Nettle extraction was carried out in the traditional way, with ultrasound treatment and ultrahigh frequency currents. To obtain an extract with the highest yield of extractives, it is recommended to use 75% ethyl alcohol as an extractant at a hydromodule of 1 : 10, a temperature in the range from 45 to 55 °C, and an extraction time of 2 hours. In addition, it is possible to use ultrasonic radiation or microwave processing to obtain the extract, which also contribute to an increase in the yield of dry substances. Nettle extract, prepared with the help of ultrahigh frequency currents, showed the greatest antioxidant activity. This extract contains 1309.9 mg of gallic acid and 322.9 mg of catechin per 100 g of feedstock, and its antioxidant activity is 2.5 mg/ml. At the same time, with the help of a microwave field, the extract can be obtained in a minimum time.
Una mirada a la educación afectivo-sexual
Authors: Torre Javier de la
Published: March 2024

La educación afectivo-sexual es hoy algo central y no algo periférico en una sociedad de emociones y de bienestar. Recojo en este artículo los aprendizajes de dos décadas de trabajo y docencia en diversos contextos por si pudieran ayudar.
Balanceamento de processo do setor de montagem de matriz de borracha em uma empresa de joias brasileiras
Authors: Vale Beatriz , Alves Jordânia Louse Silva , Kirst Joseanny Coutinho , Silva Darlan Marques da
Published: March 2024

O presente estudo foi realizado em uma empresa de grande porte produtora de joias localizada na região norte do Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, partindo da análise e aplicação de tempos e métodos, no processo de montagem de matriz de borrachas, que apesar de parecer simples, o layout inicial utilizado era pouco produtivo e não atendia a demanda do processo, o que resultava em impactos para a empresa, como: parada de linhas e falha no controle de estoques. Com o objetivo de buscar eficiência, agilidade nos processos e aumentar a capacidade produtiva, buscou-se o balanceamento de processo. Utilizando a crono análise, pôde-se encontrar o tempo efetivo que agrega valor ao processo, o que resultou em uma proposta de alteração de layout, além da utilização do gráfico de balanceamento de operadores (GBO) que otimizou o processo estudado, sem que houvesse elevação de custos e alteração de mão de obra.
Procedimento operacional padrão no setor de recepção e preparo da cana de açúcar de uma empresa sucroalcooleira
Authors: Silva Claudemir Paz da , Arantes Fernanda Paes
Published: March 2024

O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de açúcar e biocombustíveis e, embora seja considerado um dos mais competitivos e sofisticados do mundo, ainda apresenta alto índice de perda durante o processo produtivo, reduzindo a rentabilidade da indústria sucroalcooleira e afetando a competitividade do negócio. Uma das formas de reduzir perdas e tornar o processo mais eficiente é através da padronização das atividades, desenvolvendo um procedimento operacional padrão (POP). Dessa forma, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo elaborar e implantar um POP no setor de recepção e preparo da cana de uma indústria sucroalcooleira a fim de reduzir o desperdício de matéria-prima nesse setor e tornar o processo mais eficiente. Foi utilizado o método de pesquisa-ação, onde os pesquisadores e participantes representativos da situação ou do problema estão envolvidos de modo cooperativo ou participativo, buscando solucioná-lo. A partir da implantação do POP foi possível reduzir significativamente o desperdício de matéria-prima no setor em análise, com baixo investimento e mudanças simples. Os resultados foram positivos, não apenas para o setor onde foi aplicado o estudo, mas para toda a empresa que percebeu que poderia replicar o trabalho feito nas demais etapas do processo produtivo, reduzindo ainda mais as perdas.
Access to Czech Administrative Courts – Bottlenecks in Access to Justice
Authors: Skládalová Denisa , Hrubešová Sára , Svoboda Tomáš
Published: March 2024

The right of access to a court is subject to certain limitations. While a number of these limitations may be created deliberately, in line with the function of the administrative justice system (e.g. restrictions on review by the higher courts, others may be more or less unintended consequences of the design of the administrative justice system (or application of relevant rules or case law). The article attempts to present possible forms of these limitations and tries to outline some of the main “bottlenecks” in the access to judicial protection in the context of Czech administrative justice. These limitations can be regarded mainly as formal and informal, and their recognition can result in increasing the efficiency of the functioning of judicial protection, in particular by simplifying procedural regulation in relation to the ongoing societal and technical changes.
The Protection of Fundamental Human Rights in the context of the Global Fight against Terrorism
Authors: Diallo Bubacar Sidi
Published: March 2024

Terrorism poses a serious threat in the world today. Although it does not affect all countries to the same extent, the international community must cooperate to develop measures to effectively eradicate this common enemy. Despite the increasing number of international treaties aimed at regulating the fight against terrorism and terrorism-related acts, terrorism continues to thrive around the world, and as a result, has a significant impact on human rights. This article examines some anti-terrorist measures at the universal level and aims to determine to what extent they may infringe upon fundamental human rights. This article also highlights the importance of fundamental human rights and the risk of them being violated in the global fight against terrorism. There is no doubt that terrorism has devastating consequences on the exercise of human rights, including the right to live, the right to liberty and the physical integrity of victims as well as the individuals suspected of committing terrorist acts. The research was conducted using primarily the dogmatic method, followed by an analysis of international legal instruments. The analysis proved that the measures taken internationally in response to terrorism-related attacks may not only violate fundamental human rights but also undermine the rule of law and hinder the protection of some basic human rights. It is important, therefore, that States find a right balance between fulfilling their two obli gations: ensuring security of their citizens and fighting terrorism.
An inertial shrinking projection self-adaptive algorithm for solving split variational inclusion problems and fixed point problems in Banach spaces
Authors: Ngwepe Matlhatsi Dorah , Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle , Aphane Maggie , Adiele Ugochukwu Oliver
Published: March 2024

In this article, we study the split variational inclusion and fixed point problems using Bregman weak relatively nonexpansive mappings in the

p

p

-uniformly convex smooth Banach spaces. We introduce an inertial shrinking projection self-adaptive iterative scheme for the problem and prove a strong convergence theorem for the sequences generated by our iterative scheme under some mild conditions in real

p

p

-uniformly convex smooth Banach spaces. The algorithm is designed to select its step size self-adaptively and does not require the prior estimate of the norm of the bounded linear operator. Finally, we provide some numerical examples to illustrate the performance of our proposed scheme and compare it with other methods in the literature.
microRNAs, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity as the main inducers in the pathobiology of cancer development
Authors: Vahidi Sogand , Agah Shahram , Mirzajani Ebrahim , Asghari Gharakhyli Elahe , Norollahi Seyedeh Elham , Rahbar Taramsari Morteza , Babaei Kosar , Samadani Ali Akbar
Published: March 2024

Cancer is one of the most serious leading causes of death in the world. Many eclectic factors are involved in cancer progression including genetic and epigenetic alongside environmental ones. In this account, the performance and fluctuations of microRNAs are significant in cancer diagnosis and treatment, particularly as diagnostic biomarkers in oncology. So, microRNAs manage and control the gene expression after transcription by mRNA degradation, or also they can inhibit their translation. Conspicuously, these molecular structures take part in controlling the cellular, physiological and pathological functions, which many of them can accomplish as tumor inhibitors or oncogenes. Relatively, Oxidative stress is defined as the inequality between the creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body’s ability to detoxify the reactive mediators or repair the resulting injury. ROS and microRNAs have been recognized as main cancer promoters and possible treatment targets. Importantly, genotoxicity has been established as the primary reason for many diseases as well as several malignancies. The procedures have no obvious link with mutagenicity and influence the organization, accuracy of the information, or fragmentation of DNA. Conclusively, mutations in these patterns can lead to carcinogenesis. In this review article, we report the impressive and practical roles of microRNAs, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in the pathobiology of cancer development in conjunction with their importance as reliable cancer biomarkers and their association with circulating miRNA, exosomes and exosomal miRNAs, RNA remodeling, DNA methylation, and other molecular elements in oncology.
The uniqueness of expression for generalized quadratic matrices
Authors: Chen Meixiang , Yang Zhongpeng , Chen Qinghua
Published: March 2024

It is shown that the expression as

A

2

=
α
A
+
β
P

{A}^{2}=\alpha A+\beta P

for generalized quadratic matrices is not unique by numerical examples. Then it is proven that the uniqueness of expression for generalized quadratic matrices is concerned not only with the properties of

A

A

but also with the rank of

P

P

. Furthermore, the sufficient and necessary conditions for the uniqueness of generalized quadratic matrices’expression are obtained. Finally, some related discussions about generalized quadratic matrices are also given.
Lithische Großgeräte („Makrolithen“) in der jüngeren Steinzeit der Sahara
Authors: Gabriel Baldur
Published: March 2024

Als Komplementärbegriff zu „Mikrolithen“ und „Megalithik“ wird in der Größenklassifikation von prähistorischen Steinartefakten der Terminus „Makrolithen“ diskutiert. Bei einigen solcher Großgeräte im Neolithikum der Sahara ist der Gebrauchswert kaum umstritten (z. B. Handmühlen, Äxte/Beile), andere sind jedoch eher rätselhaft wie die „Fessel-/Fallensteine“ oder die bis zu 1 m langen Steinstangen. Zusätzlich wird nun ein neuer Typ vorgestellt: ein bis fast 30 cm langes, flaches Steingerät, das in der Längsrichtung deutlich gebogen ist und durch diese Eigenschaft an Hacken erinnert.
Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution using Teff (Eragrostis tef) hay based magnetized biocarbon: RSM-GA, ANN based optimization and kinetics aspects
Authors: Sundramurthy Venkatesa Prabhu , Varadharajan Venkatramanan , Wilson Vincent Herald , Jose Swaminathan , Manoharan Subramanian , Alharbi Naiyf S. , Khaled Jamal M. , Kandasamy Bhuvaneswari , Palanisamy Govindasamy
Published: March 2024

Teff (Eragrostis tef) is known as a staple grain crop which grown as edible seeds, remarkably in Ethiopia. However, after removal of its seeds, the hay obtained from this crop, are considered as agro-waste. Such a lignocellulosic agro-waste can be potentially exploited to prepare activated carbon to treat the harmful industrial effluents for detoxification. In this study, Teff hay (TH) was used as a precursor for preparing the activated carbon. The using H2SO4, chemical activation was carried out followed by carbonaceous process was undertaken to prepared activated carbon (AC) by pyrolysis. The prepared AC was modified as magnetized AC and characterized by various characterization methods. Further, as a bio-absorbent, its potency for adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions was ascertained. Notably, the most studied and important process factors for adsorption, such as, initial concentration of metal ion, adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time were subjected to optimization using response surface method (RSM). Further, to ensure the statistical optimization of aforementioned factors, the non-statistical techniques, genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial neural network (ANN) tools have been executed. In addition, the use of prepared Teff-hay based magnetized AC for the removal of Cu(II) by adsorption process was evaluated through different isotherms and kinetic approaches.
Pre-acquired functional connectivity predicts choice inconsistency
Authors: Madar Asaf , Kurtz-David Vered , Hakim Adam , Levy Dino J , Tavor Ido
Published: March 2024

Economic choice theories usually assume that humans maximize utility in their choices. However, studies have shown that humans make inconsistent choices, leading to suboptimal behavior, even without context dependent manipulations. Previous studies showed that activation in value and motor networks are associated with inconsistent choices at the moment of choice. Here we investigated if the neural predispositions, measured before a choice task, can predict choice inconsistency in a later risk choice task. Using functional connectivity (FC) measures from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI), derived before any choice was made, we aimed to predict subjects’ inconsistency levels in a later-performed choice task. We hypothesized that rsfMRI FC measures extracted from value and motor brain areas would predict inconsistency. Forty subjects (21 females) completed a rsfMRI scan before performing a risky-choice task. We compared models that were trained on FC that included only hypothesized value and motor regions with models trained on whole-brain FC. We found that both model types significantly predicted inconsistency levels. Moreover, even the whole-brain models relied mostly on FC between value and motor areas. For external validation, we used a neural network pre-trained on FC matrices of 40,000 subjects and fine-tuned it on our data, and again showed significant predictions. Together, this shows that the tendency for choice inconsistency is predicted by predispositions of the nervous system, and that synchrony between the motor and value networks plays a crucial role in this tendency.

Significance StatementHumans often make irrational, or inconsistent, choices in value-based decision-making. Studies have suggested potential sources for this suboptimal behavior in momentary brain activity during choice, emphasizing the role of value and motor areas in the process of inconsistent choice behavior. Here, we show that inconsistency is predicted by neural predispositions, evident even before any choice was made. We predict subjects’ inconsistency levels from brain connectivity measures derived before they perform any choice task and find that inconsistency is predicted by the synchrony between the value and motor brain networks. This suggests choice inconsistency is related to a-priori constraints of the nervous system, and that value and motor areas play a central role in this behavior.
Pattern of inculcating multicultural values in students at State Senior High School 1 Kendal
Authors: Fauzi Malik Ridwan , Pudji Astuti Tri Marhaeni , Atmadja Hamdan Tri
Published: March 2024

The aims of this study was to analyze the role of schools in inculcating multicultural values, the driving and inhibiting factors for inculcating multicultural values, and the pattern of inculcating multicultural values in State Senior High School 1 Kendal. This research used a qualitative approach to the type of phenomenology. Data collection techniques are interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results show that schools have a socialization role, providing knowledge about multicultural values; the role of education is to educate and provide an example of multicultural behavior; and the role of evaluation is to provide corrections for violations of multicultural values in schools. The driving factor for the cultivation of multicultural value is an open student family environment, teachers' knowledge of multicultural values, high school curriculum policies that accommodate student differences, as well as school programs that support the cultivation of values. The inhibiting factors are harsh environmental factors, and problematic student family environmental factors and uneven teacher knowledge related to the concept of multicultural education. The pattern of cultivating multicultural values at State Senior High School 1 Kendal is a contribution and additive pattern, by introducing multicultural values in learning indirectly by introducing heroes or figures who come from different cultural, religious and regional backgrounds. In addition, by adapting multicultural values into the material in the subject.
Society participation in preservation of Kuda Lumping Dance in Kedungboto Village, Kendal Regency
Authors: Fadilah Nur , Martitah Martitah , Sunarjan YYFR.
Published: March 2024

This research aims to analyze the existence of the Kuda Lumping art in Kedungboto Village; the society interprets the art of Kuda Lumping in Kedungboto Village; the society's participation in the preservation of the Kuda Lumping dance in Kedungboto Village. The research method in this study used a qualitative research method. The data collection method used observation, interviews, and observation. The test technique for determining the validity of the data was used triangulation. The data analysis technique used an interactive model carried out by data collection, data reduction, presentation, and verification. This research showed that: The existence of Kuda Lumping art in Kedungboto Village now it's growing and getting better in terms of appearance, clothes, equipment, and music. Society interprets the Kuda Lumping art as; some people consider Kuda Lumping as entertainment; some consider Kuda Lumping a tradition, and some consider Kuda Lumping a ritual. The society's participation in preserving the Kuda Lumping dance Turonggo Wahyu Budoyo and Turonggo Tresno Budoyo were very active and enthusiastic. The form of social participation was through the idea, energy, property, skills, and social participation.
The Impacts of Korean Wave on Gusjigang Philosophy in Kudus Regency
Authors: Fajrin Fitrotul , Utomo Cahyo Budi , Alimi Moh Yasir
Published: March 2024

The lifestyle development of Kudus City high school students who follow the Korean Wave has raised concerns over the decline of the long-rooted local culture of Gusjigang. This study aimed to determine the Korean Wave lifestyle, explain the influencing factors of the lifestyle, and analyze the impact of the Korean Wave lifestyle on Gusjigang values. A qualitative approach was employed in this study, with phenomenological research as the research design. The data in this study were obtained from the research informants. The data validity checking was conducted with the power credibility test, which in this study adopted the triangulation method. The current trend of the Korean Wave lifestyle among high school students in the Kudus Regency involves constantly seeking information about K-Pop through social media and mixing Korean and Indonesian in their daily conversations, which indicates the acceptance of Korean lifestyle. Several contributing factors to the Korean Wave lifestyle of high school students in Kudus Regency were the music lyrics' connection to the high school students' personal lives. At present, the Gusjigang lifestyle is still adhered to by high school students in Kudus City so that it keeps the habits that have been practiced for years.
ANALISIS ASPEK PSIKOLOGIS ATLET FUTSAL PUTRA PEKAN OLAHRAGA MAHASISWA NASIONAL (POMNAS) SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Bahtra Ridho
Published: March 2024

Masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu belum diketahuinya aspek psikologis atlet futsal putra Pekan Olahraga Mahasiswa Nasional (POMNAS) Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aspek psikologis pada atlet futsal putra Pekan Olahraga Mahasiswa Nasional (POMNAS) Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan dilakukan dengan Metode Survei. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet futsal Putra Pekan Olahraga Mahasiswa Nasional (POMNAS) Sumatera Barat yang berjumlah 14 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling sehingga sampel berjumlah 14 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket atau kuesioner. Data yang telah terkumpul melalui angket dilakukan Uji Validitas dan Uji Reabilitas. Kemudian diolah dengan Analisis Deskriptif Statistik dan rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat kecemasan atlet futsal putra sebesar 43%, tingkat konsentrasi sebesar 43%, dan tingkat motivasi sebesar 33%. Berdasarkan data tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa atlet futsal putri POMNAS Sumatera Barat tahun 2022 memiliki tingkat kecemasan sedang, tingkat konsentrasi rendah, dan tingkat motivasi yang sedang.
The Comparison of K-Nearest Neighbors and Random Forest Algorithm to Recognize Indonesian Sign Language in a Real-Time
Authors: Goenawan Aaqila Dhiyaanisafa , Hartati Sri
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Comparing 2 models or prototype programs which can recognize Indonesian Sign Language System or Sistem Isyarat Bahasa Indonesia (SIBI) fonts from hand gesture and translate it’s into writing Messages in real-time.Methods: After selecting datasets and reprocessed by the researcher into 1 dataset, which are a combination of several sign image datasets of the SIBI letters images available on the Kaggle website, the dataset is converted into landmarks. The landmarks are divided into 26 sign classes and preprocessed to a total of 19,826 rows of data, and then divided into 67% training data and 33% test data. Next, both K-NN and Random Forest algorithm are implemented into different program and get tested into 2 different tests, model evaluation and real-time. At the end, the result is compared to see the increase of accuracy level of both K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) and Random Forest algorithm.Result: The constructed and trained model is then evaluated and the results of Precision, Recall, Accuracy, and F1-Score are 99.88% using the Random Forest algorithm. The results of real-time program testing with the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm get higher results, where the average accuracy value reaches 99%.Novelty: From the result shows that the model built with the Random Forest algorithm is superior, but the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm is better in real-time testing. Therefore, image data and its diversity should be increased, in order to improve recognition accuracy. The program could be enhanced by adding a function where the program can recognize hand gesture, not only one or two hands but also can recognize a hand gesture with movements so the program can recognize static and dynamic letter (required hands movement).
Comparative Study of Imbalanced Data Oversampling Techniques for Peer-to-Peer Landing Loan Prediction
Authors: Muzayanah Rini , Lestari Apri Dwi , Jumanto Jumanto , Prasetiyo Budi , Pertiwi Dwika Ananda Agustina , Muslim Much Aziz
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Data imbalances that often occur in the classification of loan data on the Peer-to-Peer Lending platform cancause algorithm performance to be less than optimal, causing the resulting accuracy to decrease. To overcome thisproblem, appropriate resampling techniques are needed so that the classification algorithm can work optimally andprovide results with optimal accuracy. This research aims to find the right resampling technique to overcome theproblem of data imbalance in data lending on peer-to-peer landing platforms.Methods: This study uses the XGBoost classification algorithm to evaluate and compare the resampling techniquesused. The resampling techniques that will be compared in this research include SMOTE, ADACYN, Border Line, andRandom Oversampling.Results: The highest training accuracy was achieved by the combination of the XGBoost model with the Boerder Lineresampling technique with a training accuracy of 0.99988 and the combination of the XGBoost model with the SMOTEresampling technique. In accuracy testing, the combination with the highest accuracy score was achieved by acombination of the XGBoost model with the SMOTE resampling technique.Novelty: It is hoped that from this research we can find the most suitable resampling technique combined with theXGBoost sorting algorithm to overcome the problem of unbalanced data in uploading data on peer-to-peer lendingplatforms so that the sorting algorithm can work optimally and produce optimal accuracy.
La modelación matemática en el proceso de formación de docentes de matemática de secundaria
Authors: Chavarría-Vásquez Jesennia , Gamboa-Araya Ronny
Published: March 2024

Introduction. This article discusses aspects related to mathematical modeling and mathematical modeling as activities that should be included in teacher training processes. The purpose is to cultivate skills in future teachers to integrate mathematical modeling and modeling in the teaching and learning process. Purpose. This paper aims to provide arguments supporting the need for institutions in charge of teacher training to incorporate these processes into their curricular structures. It also aims to furnish ideas about some types of activities that the teacher can implement in class. Discussion. The ideas developed here have been built from a literature review related to the subject, as well as from a research process by the authors in 2021. The latter entailed extracting evidence from the proposal to incorporate mathematical modeling into the study curricula of public universities in Costa Rica. This analysis aimed to ascertain whether each course in the description, objectives, contents, and specific indications, among others, made reference to mathematical modeling and if methodological recommendations were provided for its implementation. It is clear that mathematical modeling, as a didactic strategy, holds significant importance in teaching the discipline. Incorporating mathematical modeling processes in the professional training of teachers and academic training of students is relevant for developing specific skills. Conclusions. There is a need to execute actions aimed at teacher training to implement this type of task. The objective is that students recognize the applicability of the subject and that the knowledge of it enables them to understand its context.
The Surface Potential of Cellulose
Authors:   University of Reading, Herrington Thelma M.
Published: March 2024

Charge/pH isotherms were determined for various cellulose fibres: cotton linters, bleached sulphate, and unbleached sulphate pulp. The chare was determined as a function of pH in 1.0, 10⁻¹, 10⁻², and 10⁻³ mol dm⁻³ NaCl. The effect of various cations on the charge was also investigated. The surface areas of the fibres were determined by BET nitrogen adsorption; the pulps were initially in a ‘never-dried’ state and for the BET work they were specially prepared using solvent-exchange techniques whereby all the water was replaced by dry pentane. The surface areas of the fibres were also obtained using the method of negative adsorption: corrections for low surface potential were applied using Gouy-Chapman theory and the charge/pH isotherms. Surface areas obtained by these two entirely different methods are compared. Once drying the ‘never-dried’ pulps halved the surface areas. Zeta potentials for cotton linters and bleached sulphate pulp were calculated from measurements of the streaming potential. These measurements were made at the same electrolyte and pH conditions as the charge/pH isotherms and the zeta potentials compared with the surface potentials calculated from Gouy-Chapman theory. It was found that the zeta potential is not a good relative measure of the surface charge and cannot be used for qualitative comparison between such similar materials as bleached sulphate pulp and cotton linters.
Effect of Paper on the Load – Elongation Behaviors of Fibre-to-Fibre Bonds
Authors:   Laboratory of Paper Technology, Helsinki University of Technology, Retulainen Elias , Ebeling Kari ,   Laboratory of Paper Technology, Helsinki University of Technology
Published: March 2024

The deformation of paper and its fibre bonds was studied by straining thin paper structures inside the specimen chamber of a scanning electron microscope. The average bond strength values of different sheet structures were characterized by several methods. The handsheet structures were varied by refining and by addition of bond strength chemicals. The preliminary results obtained show that the structure of the sheet has a pronounced effect on the elongation properties of paper and of its fibres. The coarseness of the fibres had a distinct effect on the loading capacity of fibres and on the simultaneous straining behavior. The thin wall springwood fibres often became inactive only after the final rupture of the structure. The summerwood fibres tended to become inactive earlier through breakage of the fibre bonds. A blinking light phenomenon was observed during the SEM straining of some paper specimens. The light blinks were interpreted as complete breakages of fibre-to-fibre bonds. The structural features of the studied handsheets had different effects on the bond strength values obtained by the various methods. These results seemed to indicate that refining produced a sheet structure which could be loaded in a more homogeneous manner. This was also reflected as higher values of bond strength. All bond strength methods used showed that starch increases the bond strength and that the debonding chemical decreases it.
Pulp and Paper Properties as Influenced by Wood Density -Same Species and Age of Eucalyptus
Authors:   Research and Technology Center. Aracruz Celulose, Vasconcellos Dias R. L. , Claudio-da-Silva E. ,   Research and Technology Center. Aracruz Celulose
Published: March 2024

A substantial amount of research has allowed the introduction of efficient techniques, for genetic improvement of trees from Eucalyptus species. The basic density of wood has been identified as one of the main hereditary characteristics, to be employed as an important selection parameter for propagation of new forests. An important part of this program is the evaluation of the effect of various chemical and anatomical properties, which may be associated with wood basic density, upon industrial aspects of the production of pulp and paper. The influence of wood basic density on chemical and anatomical characteristics, on production parameters, and on paper properties was evaluated for twenty-five hybrid trees of Eucalyptus grandis. The trees were selected at random from the same plantation site, with basic density values varying from 418 to 666 kg/m³, at seven years of age. Anatomically, it was observed that fibers presented smaller diameters and thicker walls as wood basic density increased. On the chemical side, denser trees showed a tendency to have more lignin and less pentosans, as compared to individuals of the same species and age, with lower density values. Fiber length and extractives content were not correlated to wood basic density, which suggests that these properties may be genetically controlled. Pulping evaluations, performed under simulated mill conditions, indicated that pulp yield increased when basic density varied from 418 kg/m to approximately 470 kg/m³, but decreased from this point up to 666 kg/m³, accompanied by a steady increase in rejects content. Nevertheless, an estimate for digester yield showed that production capacity can be improved through utilization of denser woods. Hence, from a production viewpoint, other aspects, such as the observed increase in chemical consumption during pulping, as well as the higher viscosity and solids content of black liquor, may become more relevant when pulping denser woods. The latter may translate into a limiting factor in production, if the recovery system is not dimensioned to handle extra loads.
Uso de L-PRF en defectos infraóseos de pacientes con estadios avanzados de periodontitis
Authors: Mera Stefany , Rodriguez Catalina , Villamarin Cindy , Sanchez Edward , Soto Jorge , Pacheco Olga , Amaya Sandra
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue observar el efecto del uso de L-PRF en defectos infraoseos de pacientes con periodontitis en estadios avanzados. Métodos: Se incluyeron 32 defectos infraoseos de 12 pacientes con diagnóstico de Periodontitis estadio III y IV (Workshop 2018). Se realizó raspaje a campo abierto con colocación de membrana de L-PRF. Se incluyeron defectos infraóseos de 1-2-3 paredes y cráter óseo. Se registró la profundidad de sondaje (PS), nivel de inserción clínica (NIC), índice de placa (IP) e índice de sangrado (IS). Se realizaron radiografías periapicale digitales antes de la cirugía y al cuarto mes para observar el llenado óseo. Resultados: De los 32 defectos el 75 % mostró disminución de la profundidad de sondaje (PS) y el 66 % mejoro el nivel de inserción clínica (NIC). Se realizó un análisis de correlación pre y posquirúrgico en PS: MV (p = 0,02), MP/L (p = 0,00), DP/L (p = 0,00) y V (p =0,00). El porcentaje de llenado óseo fue de 62,96 % (DS± 3,88). Conclusiones: La mayoría de los defectos infraóseos mostraron radiográficamente llenado óseo parcial o total con el uso de membranas L-PRF. Además, se mejoraron los parámetros clínicos de profundidad de sondaje y nivel de inserción clínica.
Histomorphometric Comparison of Bio-Oss vs. Osteodens in Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation Procedures
Authors: Grenón Miriam , Ibañez Juan Carlos , Mariani Fernando Matías
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The loss of dental elements can lead to excessive bone loss in the posterior maxillary segments, which can limit the placement of dental implants in that area, the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and the absence of dental elements to keep the bone active are some of the main causes. Among the wide range of available grafting materials, bovine hydroxyapatite has been extensively studied and has shown excellent clinical and histological results. Materials and methods: A total of 17 maxillary sinus floor elevations were performed (n = 8 Osteodens, n = 9 Bio-Oss). After a healing period of 6 to 8 months, a block of the grafted area was obtained using trephines and analyzed by histomorphometry. Results: The percentage of neoformed bone tissue was higher for Bio-Oss (39.0% ± 11.1) compared to Osteodens (33.4% ± 8.3), while the remaining graft values were slightly lower in Bio-Oss compared to Osteodens (16.3% ± 11.2 and 20.8% ± 12.1, respectively). The proportion of connective tissue was similar in both groups (44.7% Bio-Oss and 45.8% Osteodens). Age, gender, and residual height of the sinus floor did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusions: In this study, both graft materials (Bio-Oss and Osteodens) showed no statistically significant differences in their ability to regenerate suitable bone tissue for implant placement after 6 months of healing. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to validate these results.
Reciprocality of Electrical Conductance and Polarization in Their Frequency Dependence
Authors: Voronov S.O. , Kazmirenko V.A. , Poplavko Yu.M.
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the electrical polarization and conductance, which can be considered separately only at a constant voltage, while, in the alternating electrical field, they are two sides of the same process, namely, forced by electrical field inertial motion of partially bound and relatively free charged particles. To describe this process, the complex permittivity ε*(ω) = ε′(ω) − iε′′(ω) and the complex conductivity σ*(ω) = σ′(ω) + iσ′′(ω) can be used equally that is shown by the examples of dielectrics, semiconductors, and metals. As the frequency increases, the delay of polarization leads to an increase in the conductivity, while the delay in the electronic conductivity of a metal can be described by the negative permittivity. This possibility has been explored using the relaxation and the resonance models with the examples of dielectrics, semiconductors, and metals. It is shown that the semiconductor “conductivity”, supposedly arising instead of the delayed polarization is not adequate to the classical understanding of this parameter and can be considered only as the effective conductivity. The physical mechanisms of these transformations are explained.
Factores intervinientes en la Interrupción temprana de la trayectoria académica (ITA) en el Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Authors: Anso Ayelen Romina , Llesuy Susana , Sánchez Luciana
Published: March 2024

Diversos autores han desarrollado estudios sobre el abandono y la deserción académica, en un principio, con connotaciones negativas y perspectivas que centraban la culpabilidad en el estudiante. Aún cuando se trata de un fenómeno multicausal (Tinto, 1989) En este trabajo es la continuación de un primer acercamiento a perspectivas contemporáneas que se alejaran de los desarrollos más tradicionales y con cargas negativas, para incorporar una nueva perspectiva, la Interrupción de las trayectorias académicas (ITA) a partir de la cual resulta interesante presentar los primeros resultados sobre los factores que intervienen, tanto en la continuidad como en la interrupción de las trayectorias académicas de los estudiantes de carreras de grado del IUHIBA y que hayan iniciado Farmacia, Bioquímica, Enfermería o Medicina. Para ello, se ha utilizado una metodología cuanti-cualitativa-descriptiva que incluyó el diseño, aplicación y análisis de una encuesta digital anónima mediante la cual se pudieron construir diferentes categorizaciones de los factores intervinientes en las trayectorias académicas, lo cual permitirá tener una noción más acertada sobre las mejoras y estrategias de intervención que se pueden tener en cuenta desde la institución.
Aprendamos química de manera activa y colaborativa
Authors: Cañas Urrutia Francisco Javier
Published: March 2024

Como consecuencia de la pandemia causada por el COVID-19 se tuvieron que suspender las clases presenciales como medida adoptada a raíz de la emergencia sanitaria y pasar a realizar clases remota, donde se observa un impacto negativo en el nivel de logros de aprendizaje, la disminución de la interacción social, motivación y aprendizaje colaborativo. Debido a que la pandemia generó efectos negativos en el proceso educativo de los estudiantes, en la asignatura Bases de Química General y Orgánica para los estudiantes de primer año, 225 a nivel nacional, no se realizará de forma tradicional, ya que al utilizar esta metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje no se logrará obtener un aprendizaje significativo y sustentable. Para poder entregar un aprendizaje profundo y de calidad, se utilizará metodología de aprendizaje activo, donde se considerará la metodología, la estrategia, evaluación y el trabajo en equipo, promoviendo de esta manera, la entrega de un aprendizaje que promueva una actividad cognitiva superior.