bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural dermatoses: A review
Authors: Kannan Reshma Kunhi
Published: April 2021

The impact of globalization and migration is reflected in cultural dermatoses which in earlier times were localized to specific regions. Therapeutic, cosmetic, and religious practices can lead to dermatoses. Therapeutic practices such as cupping, coining, acupuncture, and moxibustion may cause purpura and ecchymoses which are sometimes mistaken for child abuse. Cultural perception of beauty is often the motivation behind practices such as threading, use of bleaching agents, henna, bindi, and hair oils, which, in turn, can cause irritant and allergic contact dermatitis as well as a host of other dermatoses. Prayer nodules and turban dermatoses may manifest as outcomes of culture specific religious practices. A knowledge of these conditions can help the dermatologist to offer a correct diagnosis and treatment.
Perioperative cardiovascular changes in patients with traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study
Authors: Praveen Ranganatha , Jayant Aveek , Mahajan Shalvi , Jangra Kiran , Panda Nidhi Bidyut , Grover Vinod K. , Tewari Manoj K. , Bhagat Hemant
Published: April 2021

Background:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acutely stressful condition. Stress and conglomeration of various factors predispose to the involvement of other organ systems. The stress response from TBI has been associated with cardiovascular complications reflecting as repolarization abnormalities on electrocardiogram (ECG) to systolic dysfunction on echocardiography. However, the perioperative cardiac functions in patients with TBI have not been evaluated.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective observational study in 60 consecutive adult patients of either sex between the age of 10 and 70 years with an isolated head injury who were taken up for decompressive craniectomy as per institutional protocol. ECG and transthoracic echocardiography was carried out preoperatively and then postoperatively within 24–48 h.

Results:

The mean age of our study population was 39 + 13 years with a median Glasgow coma score of 11. A majority (73%) of our patients suffered moderate TBI. Preoperatively, ECG changes were seen in 48.33% of patients. Postoperatively, ECG changes declined and were seen only in 13.33% of the total patients. Similarly, echocardiography demonstrated preoperative systolic dysfunction in 13.33% of the total study population. Later, it was found that systolic function significantly improved in all the patients after surgery.

Conclusion:

Cardiac dysfunction occurs frequently following TBI. Even patients with mild TBI had preoperative systolic dysfunction on echocardiography. Surgical intervention in the form of hematoma evacuation and decompression was associated with significant regression of both ECG and echocardiographic changes.
Intraoperative MRI in trans-sphenoidal surgery using frameless stereotaxis
Authors: Stanton Mitchell , Antony Joyce , Withers Teresa
Published: April 2021

Background:

Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) has been used for pituitary surgery for approximately 20 years. The introduction of frameless stereotaxis allows efficient navigation for both the ENT and neurosurgeon. This allows flexibility in placement of the patients head to facilitate resection, efficient use of theater time and improves the safety profile of the operation. This is the first study to describe and investigate the use of frameless stereotaxis in conjunction with iMRI.

Methods:

Consecutive patients who underwent iMRI guided trans-sphenoidal debulking using frameless stereotaxis over a 3-year period, from January 2016 to June 2019, were included in this case series and reviewed retrospectively. The use of AxiEM (Medtronic, USA) tracker facilitated frameless stereotaxis in conjunction with iMRI for trans-sphenoidal debulking of sellar lesions based on the “twin-operating” model.

Results:

The cohort of 47 patients had a mean age of 55 years with a slight female predilection. The average lesion size measured 20 mm (3–46 mm) in maximal diameter with objective evidence of visual deterioration being the most common indication to consider surgery. The use of iMRI identified two patients with suboptimal decompression facilitating further resection in the same anesthetic and one hemorrhagic complication requiring evacuation and hemostasis to reduce postoperative morbidity.

Conclusion:

This study describes the procedural nuances in the use of frameless stereotaxis for iMRI in transsphenoidal surgery to further reduce morbidity and improve outcomes, as well as improving theater utilization and reducing cost.
Transport of patients with giant disfiguring cranial tumors from Africa to the US for collaborative multidisciplinary treatment
Authors: Nussbaum Eric , Graupman Patrick , Lacey Martin , Harrison Andrew , Lowary Jodi , Touchette Jillienne , Nussbaum Leslie
Published: April 2021

Background:

Giant disfiguring cranial tumors are exceptionally rare and develop over the course of many years, typically in patients who lack access to medical care. Here, we describe four patients who were flown to our center for treatment by a multidisciplinary surgical team, who had previously been turned down for treatment at multiple international centers in Africa, Europe, and the United States (US) due to complexity and financial concerns. The case series describes socioeconomic implications and the feasibility of offering such care to patients from outside the US.

Case Descriptions:

Four patients with giant skull disfiguring tumors were flown internationally and treated by a surgical team consisting of a complex cranial neurosurgeon, a craniofacial reconstructive plastic surgeon, and an oculoplastic surgeon. All patients underwent aggressive surgical therapy with the aim of complete tumor removal and simultaneous cranial reconstruction. A patient with osteogenic sarcoma underwent two additional resections in 3 years, with delayed reconstruction. They returned home but ultimately succumbed to the disease. A patient with ossifying fibroma required two follow-up procedures for cosmetic reconstruction and sought asylum in the US, where they remain today. Two additional patients, one with a giant plexiform neurofibroma and one with a cerebellopontine angle meningioma, achieved good results and returned to Africa 1 month and 3 weeks after surgery, respectively.

Conclusion:

Resection of giant disfiguring cranial tumors and reconstruction of the impacted region requires an experienced multidisciplinary team. These cases can be managed by transporting such patients from areas without access to medical care to specialized centers able to provide excellent care.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI MARKETING MIX DALAM MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH FUNDING DAN LENDING DI BMT HARAPAN UMMAT SIDOARJO
Authors: Nur Anisa Indah , Oktafia Renny
Published: April 2021

Pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional pada triwulan I 2020 tercatat sebesar 2,97% (yoy) terjadi penurunan yang dimana pada triwulan IV 2019 mencapai 4,97% (yoy). Sedangkan kondisi pertumbuhan ekonomi di Jawa Timur pada triwulan I 2020 sebesar 3,04% (yoy) dimana lebih rendah dibandingkan pada triwulan IV 2019 yang sebesar 5,54% (yoy). Dapat dilihat bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi secara regional maupun nasional mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi marketing mix di BMT Harapan Ummat Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menerapkan pendekatan studi kasus yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi secara langsung dari informan. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, dimana observasi menggunakan teknik observasi partisipatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi marketing mix di BMT Harapan Ummat sudah baik dan benar akan tetapi ada beberapa strategi yang belum terpenuhi secara utuh sehingga peningkatan jumlah funding dan lending serta pendapatan yang diterima BMT Harapan Ummat tidak meningkat di tiap bulannya.
O kryzysie integracji europejskiej
Authors: Niedźwiecki Artur
Published: April 2021

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę wybranych źródeł kryzysu procesu integracji europejskiej oraz potencjalnych następstw załamania się tendencji zjednoczeniowych w Europie. Ukazano w nim przyczyny kontestowania projektów pogłębiania współpracy w ramach supranarodowej wspólnoty, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem problemów dotykających rozmaite obszary procesu zjednoczeniowego. Omówione zostały konsekwencje podważania zaufania do liberalnego paradygmatu polityki światowej, jak również przyczyny imitowania i powierzchownego naśladowania zjawiska europeizacji, prowadzącego do odtwarzania dawnych podziałów centro-peryferyjnych. Przedstawiono też następstwa problematyki deficytu demokratycznego w kontekście załamania się legitymizacji prezentowanego reżimu integracyjnego. W pracy znalazły się również uwagi na temat ewentualnych konsekwencji tendencji dekompozycyjnych na płaszczyźnie uprawnień człowieczych, a także wpływu dezintegracji na poczucie bezpieczeństwa w Europie. Zdaniem autora powyższe zjawiska mogą oznaczać początek rozłamu w świecie Zachodu, prowadzący do rozbicia jego politycznej jedności, a zarazem nastania epoki lęku oraz niepewności jako preludium do objawienia się nowego ładu na kontynencie.
Water-Gas Shift Reaction Produces Formate at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures in Deep Earth Fluids
Authors: Stolte Nore , Yu Junting , Chen Zixin , Sverjensky Dimitri A. , Pan Ding
Published: April 2021

The water-gas shift reaction is one of the most important reactions in industrial hydrogen production and plays a key role in Fischer-Tropsch-type synthesis, which is widely believed to generate hydrocarbons in the deep carbon cycle, but is little known at extreme pressure-temperature conditions found in Earth’s upper mantle. Here, we performed extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations to study the water-gas shift reaction. We found the direct formation of formic acid from CO and supercritical water at 10∼13 GPa and 1400 K without any catalyst. Contrary to the common assumption that formic acid or formate is an intermediate product, we found that HCOOH is thermodynamically more stable than the products of the water-gas shift reaction above 3 GPa and at 1000∼1400 K. Our study suggests that the water-gas shift reaction may not happen in Earth’s upper mantle, and formic acid or formate may be an important carbon carrier in reducing environments, participating in many geochemical processes in deep Earth.
Site-Selective A-C-H Functionalization of Trialkylamines via Reversible Hydrogen Atom Transfer Catalysis
Authors: Shen Yangyang , Schoenebeck Franziska , Funes-Ardoiz Ignacio , Rovis Tomislav
Published: April 2021

Trialkylamines are widely found in naturally-occurring alkaloids, synthetic agrochemicals, biological probes, and especially pharmaceuticals agents and pre-clinical candidates. Despite the recent breakthrough of catalytic alkylation of dialkylamines, the selective a-C(sp3 )–H bond functionalization of widely available trialkylamine scaffolds holds promise to streamline complex trialkylamine synthesis, accelerate drug discovery and execute late-stage pharmaceutical modification with complementary reactivity. However, the canonical methods always result in functionalization at the less-crowded site. Herein, we describe a solution to switch the reaction site through fundamentally overcoming the steric control that dominates such processes. By rapidly establishing an equilibrium between a-amino C(sp3 )-H bonds and a highly electrophilic thiol radical via reversible hydrogen atom transfer, we leverage a slower radical-trapping step with electron-deficient olefins to selectively forge a C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) bond with the more-crowded a-amino radical, with the overall selectivity guided by Curtin-Hammett principle. This subtle reaction profile has unlocked a new strategic concept in direct C-H functionalization arena for forging C– C bonds from a diverse set of trialkylamines with high levels of site-selectivity and preparative utility. Simple correlation of site-selectivity and 13C NMR shift serves as a qualitative predictive guide. The broad consequences of this dynamic system, together with the ability to forge N-substituted quaternary carbon centers and implement late-stage functionalization techniques, holds tremendous potential to streamline complex trialkylamine synthesis and accelerate drug discovery
Development of the First Aliphatic 18F-Labeled Tetrazine Suitable for Pretargeted PET Imaging – Expanding the Bioorthogonal Tool Box
Authors: Battisti Umberto Maria , Bratteby Klas , Jørgensen Jesper Tranekjær , Hvass Lars , Shalgunov Vladimir , Mikula Hannes , Kjaer Andreas , Herth Matthias
Published: April 2021

Pretargeting imaging of nanomedicines have attracted considerable interest in nuclear medicine since it has the potential to increase imaging contrast while simultaneously reducing radiation burden to healthy tissue. Currently, the tetrazine ligation is the fastest bioorthogonal reaction available for this strategy and consequently, the state-of-art choice for in vivochemistry. We have recently identified key properties for tetrazines to be applied in pretargeting. We have also developed a method to 18F-label highly reactive tetrazines using an aliphatic nucleophilic substitution strategy. In this study, we combined this knowledge and developed an 18F-labeled tetrazine for pretargeted imaging. In order to develop this ligand, a small structure-property study was carried out. The most promising compound - with respect to reactivity, hydrophilicity and ex vivo blocking effect - was selected for labeling and subsequent PET in vivo imaging. Radiolabeling was achieved in satisfying radiochemical yields, molar activities as well as in high radiochemical purities. The tracer displayed favorable pharmacokinetics and remarkable target-to-background ratios in pretargeted experiments - already one hour post injection. We believe that the developed pretargeting imaging agent is a promising candidate for translation into clinical studies.
Evolution strategies based coefficient of TSK fuzzy forecasting engine
Authors: Sari Nadia Roosmalita , Mahmudy Wayan Firdaus , Wibawa Aji Prasetya
Published: April 2021

Forecasting is a method of predicting past and current data, most often by pattern analysis. A Fuzzy Takagi Sugeno Kang (TSK) study can predict Indonesia's inflation rate, yet with too high error. This study proposes an accuracy improvement based on Evolution Strategies (ES), a specific evolutionary algorithm with good performance optimization problems. ES algorithm used to determine the best coefficient values on consequent fuzzy rules. This research uses Bank Indonesia time-series data as in the previous study. ES algorithm uses the popSize test to determine the number of initial chromosomes to produce the best optimal solution for this problem. The increase of popSize creates better fitness value due to the ES's broader search area. The RMSE of ES-TSK is 0.637, which outperforms the baseline approach. This research generally shows that ES may reduce repetitive experiment events due to Fuzzy coefficients' manual setting. The algorithm complexity may cost to the computing time, yet with higher performance.
Advanced detection Denial of Service attack in the Internet of Things network based on MQTT protocol using fuzzy logic
Authors: Budiana Mochamad Soebagja , Negara Ridha Muldina , Irawan Arif Indra , Larasati Harashta Tatimma
Published: April 2021

Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is one of the popular protocols used on the Internet of Things (IoT) networks because of its lightweight nature. With the increasing number of devices connected to the internet, the number of cybercrimes on IoT networks will increase. One of the most popular attacks is the Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Standard security on MQTT uses SSL/TLS, but SSL/TLS is computationally wasteful for low-powered devices. The use of fuzzy logic algorithms with the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) scheme is suitable for detecting DoS because of its simple nature. This paper uses a fuzzy logic algorithm embedded in a node to detect DoS in the MQTT protocol with feature selection nodes. This paper's contribution is that the nodes feature selection used will monitor SUBSCRIBE and SUBACK traffic and provide this information to fuzzy input nodes to detect DoS attacks. Fuzzy performance evaluation is measured against changes in the number of nodes and attack intervals. The results obtained are that the more the number of nodes and the higher the traffic intensity, the fuzzy performance will decrease, and vice versa. However, the number of nodes and traffic intensity will affect fuzzy performance.
Міжнародна практика оцінювання якості життя населення літнього віку: систематизація та аналіз із позицій теорії соціальної держави
Authors: Мельничук Дмитро Петрович , Шпиталенко Галина Андріївна , Тростенюк Тетяна Михайлівна , Хом’як Любов Ігорівна
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена аналізу світової практики оцінювання якості життя населення літнього віку у контексті прогресивних імперативів теорії соціальної держави. Аргументовано, що, серед іншого, в центрі уваги та структурі пріоритетів соціальної держави, як такої, що зорієнтована на виконання соціально-захисних, стимулюючих, суспільно-інтегративних, соціально-інвестиційних функцій та функції соціального контролю, має перебувати зосередженість на проблематиці якості життя населення, зокрема прошарку населення літнього віку. Якість життя осіб літнього віку є одним із визначальних індикаторів успіхів та досягнень у розбудові сучасної соціальної держави. Спираючись на узагальнені теоретичні та отримані за результатами проведеного дослідження емпіричні дані, зроблено висновки щодо стану наближення України до реалізації засад концепції соціальної держави, факт пріоритетності чого зафіксовано у Конституції. Задля вирішення визначених завдань дослідження систематизовано та охарактеризовано міжнародні інтегральні індекси, що застосовуються в процесі визначення якості життя осіб літнього віку, зважаючи на соціально-демографічні характеристики цільової аудиторії, специфіку науково-пошукових та прикладних задач, релевантних методичних підходів та джерел отримання даних. Авторами наведено результати систематизації та аналізу основних підходів щодо оцінювання якості життя населення літнього віку, конкретизовано перспективи їх адаптації до вітчизняних реалій, зважаючи на особливості національної практики статистичних спостережень. Наведено та проаналізовано дані, опубліковані спеціалізованими установами Організації Об’єднаних Націй, Всесвітньої організації охорони здоров’я, Світового банку, Організації економічного співробітництва та розвитку, Європейського Союзу, та дані міжнародних соціологічних опитувань проєкту Gallup WorldView. Наголошено на необхідності розроблення підходів, які б забезпечували можливість зіставлення показників якості життя українців з аналогічними показниками інших країн світу, що аргументує доцільність удосконалення вітчизняної практики статистичних спостережень з метою створення інформаційно-діагностичної платформи, придатної для формулювання об’єктивних висновків стосовно якості життя в Україні, а відтак і ступеня її наближення до стандартів та еталонів держави соціального типу.
The Impact of Audit Committee Characteristics on Corporate Biodiversity Disclosure: An Analysis of Japanese Firms
Authors: Amin Shahid , Iqbal Jawad , Makki Muhammad Abdul Majid
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The loss of biodiversity is considered one of the greatest threats to economic development and human life. Business organizations have a direct impact on biodiversity through their operations. Therefore, the objective of the study is to examine the impact of audit committee (AC) characteristics on corporate biodiversity disclosure by using the data of Japanese listed firms.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study is based on secondary data that has been collected from the corporate reports for the period 2012 to 2018. A final sample consists of 476 firm-year observations. Due to the nature of the data, panel regression (fixed-effects model) has been used to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings: The empirical results depict that the AC size, gender diversity, AC meetings, and financial expertise have a significant positive impact on corporate biodiversity disclosure. However, the AC independence and independence of the chair are not significant.

Implications/Originality/Value: This is a unique study because no research study has examined the impact of AC characteristics on biodiversity disclosure as per the known literature. Thus, the findings of this study may help regulators, policymakers, investors, shareholders, and managers in assessing and monitoring the corporate biodiversity disclosure in light of AC characteristics.
Framing of Kashmir Conflict in Elite Pakistani and Indian Newspapers after Revocation of Special Status of the Disputed Territory
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Ashraf Atif , Shabbir Ghulam , Zia Ghaznavi Qamaruddin
Published: April 2021

Purpose: India, using its legislative powers, divided Jammu and Kashmir J&K into two separate territories under federal control by revoking Article 370 that had given a special status to the disputed territory. This move stirred isolation and suppression in the people of the valley.  The purpose of the study is to comprehend the peace and war framing of the Kashmir conflict after the revocation of the special status of the disputed territory in the Indian and Pakistani media. The study also attempts to explore the strategic relevance of Kashmir for neighboring China.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Framing, Peace and War Journalism theories were used in this study. Quantitative content analysis method was used to analyze the peace and war framing of the J&K conflict in Dawn and Times of India.

Findings: Content analysis findings supported assumption that war coverage was the most highly recorded coverage pattern in both Indian and Pakistani newspapers. Dawn took a lead in peace journalism framing with 25.56% of its editorials and columns dominated with peace journalism frames whereas 11.88% editorials and columns in Times of India were dominated with peace journalism frames.

Implications/Originality/Value: The study finds that Kashmir dispute was framed in War Journalism viewpoint in media of both the neighboring countries. This research also shows that Beijing sticks to its strategic guns by giving peaceful verbal gestures for the region’s stability.
Excavating Future Challenges: An Analysis of Health Systems of One Hundred-Six Countries
Authors: Basit Abdul , Asghar Waheed , Niazi Abdul Aziz Khan , Qazi Tehmina Fiaz
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Health system of a country is backbone of economy. It has fundamental importance in sustainable development of a country. Aim of this article is to excavate future challenges to health system of selected 106 countries.

Design/Methodology/Approach: It is a country level comparative analysis of health risk factors. Design of the study includes review of literature, data extraction and analysis. The cross-sectional secondary data has been drawn from website of World Development Indicators (WDI) 2020. Grey relational analysis is used as technique of investigation.

Findings: Results show that majorly, member countries of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) have exceptionally high grey relational grade, therefore, are considered to be countries having less future health risks, whereas, Southern African Development Community (SADC) have exceptionally low grey relational grade, therefore, have high future health risk.

Implications/Originality/Value: It is a unique study using different dataset and methods that provides valuable insights to political governments, researchers and health system managers.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Melalui Metode Drill
Authors: Sumanty Rusmi
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penulisan atikel ini adalah mendeskripsikan penerapan metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata” (Kartu Cantik Macam-macam Huruf, Suku Kata, dan Kata) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didikkelas I SDNegeri(SDN) 3 Damar, mengidentifikasi kendala metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata”dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik kelas I SDN 3 Damar, dan mengidentifikasi hasil atau dampak dari penerapan metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata”dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik kelas 1 SDN 3 Damar.Strategi pemecahan masalah yang dipakai yaitu dengan metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata”. Pelaksanaan metode drill dilakspeserta didikan tiga kali dalam seminggu dengan memanfaatkan waktu 20 menit sebelum jam belajar efektif dimulai, teknis pelaksanaannya dengan cara tutor sebaya dan permainan.Hasil yang dicapai setelah diterapkan selama tiga tahap  sampai  minggu ke-11,  terdapat kemajuan yang signifikan, dari 11 peserta didik yang diujicoba semua peserta didik sudahdapat mengenal huruf dan mengeja huruf menjadi suku kata, sedangkan peserta didik yang belum bisa mengeja suku kata menjadi katahanyasatu peserta didik (0,39%).Berdasarkan data  di atas ternyata Metode drill yang dilakspeserta didikan dalam 3 tahap  selama 3 bulan dan dipadukan dengan Strategi Kacamata dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik di kelas I SDN 3 Damar.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Smartberbasis Steam Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Prakarya
Authors: Sulistyawan Eko
Published: April 2021

Keterampilan berpikir kreatif adalah salah kompentensi  yang harus dimiliki dalam menyongsong era revolusi indutri 4.0. Sehingga proses pembelajaran hendaknya berorientasi pada kompetensi.Model pembelajaran yang digunakan model pembelajarn berbasis STEAM yang memanfaatkan game Android sebagai stimulusnya. Pendekatan  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif pada aspek validitas dan kepraktisan serta kuantitatif pre eksperimental (one group pretes posttest design).Hasil validasi model pembelajaran oleh validator ahli menunjukkan rerata skor 81,50 yang artinya bahwa model pembelajaran SMART memperoleh kriteria valid. Hasil pengamatan keterlaksanaan aspek STEAM dalam sintaks model pembelajaran SMART menunjukkan kriteria cukup baik pada aspek science, technology dan mathematics, serta kriteria baik pada aspek engiinering dan art. Hasil uji coba keefektifan model pembelajaran pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 4 Singosari Satu Atap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian one group pretest posttest design menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa dari 53,64 menjadi 86,00 dan hasil uji produk mencapai 84,88. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran SMART berbasis STEAM yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Peningkatan Kreativitas Dan Literasi Digital Peserta Didik Melalui Metode Resitasi Dalam Pembuatan Film Pendek Sejarah
Authors: Khoimah Siti
Published: April 2021

Revolusi Industri 4.0 menuntut dunia pendidikan untuk turut mengembangkan masyarakat berpengetahuan dengan ciri memiliki keterampilan abad 21 yakni kreatif serta memiliki kemampuan literasi digital agar mampu bersaing secara global. Pembelajaran IPS identik dengan hafalan dan sulit dipahami peserta didik, sehingga pendidik diharapkan dapat terus berinovasi agar pembelajaran menjadi lebih aktif dan dinamis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah metode resitasi dalam pembuatan film pendek sejarah dapat meningkatkan kreativitas dan literasi digital peserta didik. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII-A di SMP Islam Al Abidin Surakarta pada Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 Semester 2 sebanyak 35 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk menilai kreativitas yakni menggunakan rubrik penilaian kreativitas, observasi, dan penilaian diri peserta didik. Penilaian literasi digital menggunakan rubrik penilaian literasi digital dan penilaian diri peserta didik.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode resitasi dalam pembuatan film pendek sejarah mampu meningkatkan kreativitas dan literasi digital peserta didik. Pada penelitian siklus I, kreatifitas peserta didik diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 72,5. Angka tersebut menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik sudah berada pada kategori kreatif. Literasi digital peserta didik diperoleh nilai rata-rata 62,5, juga masuk pada kategori cukup baik. Pada penelitian siklus II nilai rata-rata kreativitas peserta didik meningkat menjadi 81,3 dengan kategori sangat kreatif, dan literasi digital peserta didik meningkat menjadi 75,0, dengan kategori baik. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa metode resitasi dalam pembuatan film pendek sejarah mampu meningkatkan kreatifitas dan literasi digital peserta didik.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Ecoprint untuk Meningkatakan Keterampilan Abad 21 di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Widiantoro Slamet
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu  mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis projek (Project Based Learning) untuk meningkatan keterampilan  komunikasi, kolaborasi, berpikir kritis, dan kreatifitas siswa kelas 4 SD. Metode yang digunakan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development for Production, Implementation and Evaluation). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket,  observasi dan tes performa. Teknik analisis secara diskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan media ecoprint yang dianfaatkan untuk pembelajaran berbasis projek. Hasil implementasi media ecoprint dapat meningkatkan kreatifitas, komunikasi, kolaborasi, dan berpikir kritis.
Concepções de estudantes do curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas acerca do ensino por investigação
Authors: Costa David Gadelha , Tenório Salvador Maria Aparecida
Published: April 2021

Os documentos norteadores da educação nacional e a literatura especializada têm indicado o trabalho com atividades investigativas, com o intuito de contribuir para a Alfabetização Científica dos estudantes da Educação Básica. Este estudo teve como um de seus objetivos: analisar as concepções apresentadas por licenciandos em fase de conclusão de graduação em Ciências Biológicas acerca de aspectos que exploram a abordagem didática do Ensino de Ciências por Investigação. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com discentes em uma universidade pública federal. Neste artigo serão apresentados os resultados obtidos a partir dos dados oriundos de uma Oficina de Discussão. Para essa análise, optou-se pela interpretação analítica processada pelo pesquisador, além das contribuições possibilitadas pela Análise Argumentativa. Verificou-se que os sujeitos compreendem o Ensino por Investigação como um importante caminho para a superação do modelo dogmático-transmissivo. Além disso, consideram como pertinente e promissora a implementação de ações voltadas ao Ensino por Investigação no âmbito da Educação Básica. Sugere-se, portanto, que futuros estudos trilhem caminhos que contribuam para o fortalecimento das discussões em torno do Ensino por Investigação no âmbito da formação inicial de professores de biologia.
Impact of Social Media on the Development of New Products, Marketing and Customer Relationship Management in Kosovo
Authors: Gashi Rrezarta , Ahmeti Hana Gashi
Published: April 2021

The main objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of social media in the development of enterprises, and in particular the development of new products, and highlight the role of social media in customer relations, where the development of a new product is one of the most important elements for an enterprise. For the realization of this paper, a special questionnaire was used, where its structure was divided into three parts, where in the first part are presented the demographic questions, in the second part are the questions related to the use of social media, as and the third part includes questions related to the productivity of products and the enterprise in general. Participants in this paper were 350 companies. The paper results are presented through descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and regression. Based on the results of this paper, we can say that Kosovar companies through social media establish relationships with their customers and keep them informed, which also greatly influences the development of new products, as well as organizational performance. Also what is noticed in this paper is the enterprises have managed to improve the quality of products through the study of customer feedback. The results also show that the use of social media to create relationships with customers and inform them, statistically affect the organizational performance and product success of Kosovo enterprises. The results also show that social media have an impact on organizational performance, the success of the company, close customer relationships, and timely information. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01263 Full Text: PDF
Bayesian Confidence Intervals for Coefficients of Variation of PM10 Dispersion
Authors: Thangjai Warisa , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: April 2021

Herein, we propose the Bayesian approach for constructing the confidence intervals for both the coefficient of variation of a log-normal distribution and the difference between the coefficients of variation of two log-normal distributions. For the first case, the Bayesian approach was compared with large-sample, Chi-squared, and approximate fiducial approaches via Monte Carlo simulation. For the second case, the Bayesian approach was compared with the method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER), modified MOVER, and approximate fiducial approaches using Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that the Bayesian approach provided the best approach for constructing the confidence intervals for both the coefficient of variation of a log-normal distribution and the difference between the coefficients of variation of two log-normal distributions. To illustrate the performances of the confidence limit construction approaches with real data, they were applied to analyze real PM10 datasets from the Nan and Chiang Mai provinces in Thailand, the results of which are in agreement with the simulation results. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01264 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Addition of Alccofine on the Compressive Strength of Cement Mortar Cubes
Authors: R. Balamuralikrishnan , J. Saravanan
Published: April 2021

In the modern era, many research works are going on throughout the world for finding suitable cementitious material for the replacement of cement since it causes environmental pollution. In this order Fly ash, Silica fume, GGBS, Metakaolin, Micro materials, Quartz powder, etc. are tried out for replacing partially or fully the cement in concrete. A new ultrafine material called Alccofine (AF) which is manufactured from glass wastes is tried out for replacing partially in this research. Compressive strength is one of the important properties of cement. Strength tests are not made on neat cement paste because of difficulties of excessive shrinkage and subsequent cracking of neat cement. Cement mortar of 1:3 mix proportion is used to cast the cubes having an area of 50 cm2 are used for the determination of compressive strength of cement as per IS: 4031-1988 (Part-6). The graded Indian Standard sand (Ennore Sand -ES) confirming to IS: 650-1991 is used for preparing the cubes. In the same mix proportion, the same size cubes are cast with the River Sand (RS) to study the difference of the compressive strength between the Indian standard sand and river sand. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and Portland Pozzolana Cements (PPC) are used. The present study is the influence of Alccofine on cement mortar cubes by replacing the cement by Alccofine with various proportions like 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% were cast and tested in the laboratory as per Indian Standard 4301-1988 (Part-6) and the results were analysed and presented in the form of charts and graphs. It is observed that the early age strength is obtained for all the combinations but 10 percent of Alccofine yields more strength than other dosages. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01265 Full Text: PDF
Assessing the Social Media User’s Credibility Rating of Shared Content, and its Utilization in Decision Making
Authors: Wada Hadiza
Published: April 2021

This study seeks to ascertain the degree to which people rely on unprofessionally processed information from social media to make decisions or take critical actions. Professional media, in this case, refers to the traditional broadcast and print media who have been in the business of professionally processing and authenticating information for their audiences. While social media represent the various platforms for social exchange of information. Relevant to this study is the social media’s ability to reach multitudes of people with unsubstantiated information. The methodology employed is simple random sampling, using questionnaire as an instrument. 350 respondents provided input using three age ranges, 20-35, 36-50, and 50 and above. The results show social media usage as the only news source for the youngest age group at 38%. The 50 plus years mainly rely on professional media. While all three age groups admitted to sharing of unsubstantiated information at 68%, only 30% admit to using critical information from social media. Most importantly, the findings indicate; where prevalence and availability tends to overwhelm users, taking the time to seek more credible information takes a back seat, even in cases where the information sought is critical to decision making and use. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01269 Full Text: PDF
An Econometric Analysis of Tax Evasion and Its Consequences on Economic Performance
Authors: Ghazo Abdullah M. , Qasrawi Qusay M. , Abu-Lila Ziad M.
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to estimate the extent of tax evasion in Jordan based on a currency demand methodology, the results of the time series stationarity test showed that there was a time series to be non-stationary at the same degree, and the results of the co-integration test showed the existence of co-integration between the model variables, the size of tax evasion during the period 1980–2019 was estimated using the fully modified ordinary least squares method (FM-OLS).The results showed that the average rate of tax evasion as a percentage of (GDP) amounted to 2.7%, whereas it reached 16.7% of tax revenues, After the extent of tax evasion had been estimated, its impact on some macroeconomic variables was identified through the Toda and Yamamoto causality test, This test showed that tax evasion had an impact on the general consumer price index, GDP, tax revenues, public debt, both public and private investment, and both public and private consumption, Finally the study recommends that more attention should be paid to the tax evasion phenomenon by officials in charge of economic policies and tax administration in order to reduce tax evasion and its impact on the economic variables and, thus, achieve greater economic stability. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01271 Full Text: PDF
Study of the permeability of fluorinated high-pressure polyethylene for temporary fuel storage
Authors: Рыбаков Юрий Николаевич , Дедов Александр Васильевич , Кюннап Роман Игоревич , Ларионов Сергей Владимирович
Published: April 2021

Исследована проницаемость фторированного полиэтилена высокого давления (ПВД), предназначенного для изготовления ремонтных и технологических вкладышей резервуаров складов временного хранения топлива. Использование таких вкладышей позволяет снизить технологические потери углеводородов и увеличить надежность хранилищ из полимерных материалов. В качестве объекта исследования использовали пленки ПВД 10204-003 толщиной 100 мкм. Проницаемость пленок определяли при контакте с бензином марок Нормаль-80, Премиум-95, авиационным керосином ТС-1 и дизельным топливом. Рассмотрен механизм формирования структуры поверхностного фторированного слоя. Исследована кинетика изменения коэффициента проницаемости исходного и модифицированного полиэтилена в течение возможного срока хранения топлив. По результатам исследования установлено: 1) в полиэтилене перенос топлива протекает в две стадии, что определяется раздельной диффузией низкомолекулярных и высокомолекулярных фракций углеводородов; 2) фторирование полиэтилена приводит к уменьшению коэффициента проницаемости (что имеет практическое значение для сохранения качества топлива), но не влияет на перенос фракции углеводородов минимальной молекулярной массы.

The permeability of fluorinated high-pressure polyethylene (HDPE), intended for the manufacture of repair and technological liners of tanks for temporary fuel storage has been investigated. As the object of research, 10204-003 HDPE films with 100 μm thickness were used. The permeability of the films was determined by contact with gasoline of the Normal-80 and Premium-95 brands, aviation kerosene TS-1, and diesel fuel. The formation mechanism of the surface fluorinated layer structure was considered. The kinetics of changes in the permeability coefficient of the original and modified polyethylene during the possible fuel storage period has been studied. It has been established that the transfer of fuel in polyethylene proceeds in two stages, which is determined by the separate diffusion of low-molecular and high-molecular hydrocarbon fractions. Fluoridation of polyethylene decreases the permeability coefficient, but does not affect the transfer of hydrocarbon fraction with the minimum molecular weight.
Surveillance Review System to Track Progress Towards Polio Eradication in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Okiror Samuel , Ogange John , Shukla Hemant , Lamoureau Christine , Monze Mwaka , Ismail Amina , Kazoka Anthony , Nkowane Ben , Kamadjeu Raoul , Igweonu Obianuju , Okeibunor Joseph , Nwogu Chidiadi
Published: April 2021

Background: The risk for importation and reintroduction wild poliovirus in areas that have been cleared of the wild poliovirus in the Horn of Africa will remain if the surveillance systems are weak and porous. Methods: Consequently, the Horn of Africa Polio Coordinating Office in Nairobi, together with partners conducted surveillance reviews for some of the countries in the Horn of Africa, especially Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia to identify gaps in the polio surveillance and provided recommendations for improved surveillance. Structured questionnaires collected information about acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance resources, training, data monitoring, and supervision at provincial, district, and health facility levels. Other information collected included resource availability, management and monitoring of AFP surveillance.Results: The result revealed that although AFP surveillance systems were well established in these countries, a number of gaps and constraints existed. Widespread deficiencies and inefficient resource flow systems were observed and reported at all levels. There were also deficiencies related to provider knowledge, funding, training, and supervision, and were particularly evident at the health facility level. These weaknesses were corroborated with the sustained transmission of polioviruses in the region, where the surveillance systems were not sensitive enough to pick the viruses. Conclusion: The review teams made useful recommendations that led to strengthening of the surveillance systems in these countries, including the formation and use of village polio volunteers in the south and central zones of Somalia, where security was heavily compromised and surveillance officers lacked regular access to the communities.
Effectiveness of the Horn of Africa Polio Outbreak Coordination Office in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Okiror Samuel , Shukla Hemant , Davis Bob , Toure Brigitte , Hydarov Rustum , Burton John , Mukherjee Subroto , Ram Bhui Bal , Lutukai Mercy , Nwogu Chidiadi , Okeibunor Joseph
Published: April 2021

Background: The WPV1, first detected in Somalia in April 2013, quickly spread to Kenya and Ethiopia and triggered a multi-country coordinated effort. In February 2014, a formal HoA Polio Outbreak Coordination Office was established by WHO AFRO and WHO EMRO in Nairobi to provide technical and managerial leadership. An independent assessment was conducted to ascertain the usefulness of the HoA Coordination in response to the outbreaks. Methods: The independent assessment team conducted desk review of the rules and guidelines forming the HoA Coordination office and committee. It also reviewed minutes of meetings and interviewed various stakeholders at the Regional levels. Results: This independent review of the work of the office, in September 2016, showed that the office was fully functional and had benefited from financial and technical support from regional and global GPEI partners. The office is based in the WHO Kenya Country Office which also provides administrative, logistics and until August 2016, data management support. The close working relationship with technical partners ensured alignment and close coordination of outbreak response activities. The mechanism also allowed partners to identify areas of work based on their expertise and avoided duplication of efforts at the local level. Overall, the office was effective in close monitoring of implementation of the outbreak response, strengthening of cross-border activities, monitoring implementation of the TAG recommendations, improving SIA planning and quality, and expanding independent monitoring in Somalia and South Sudan. Key constraints included limited office space for day-to-day operations, and disruption of some activities due to interruption of contracts of technical staff. However, the closure of the HoA outbreak in August 2015 led to some complacency, resulting in a lost sense of urgency, negatively impacting the coordination. Conclusions:The HoA Coordination Office should continue to function into the foreseeable future. To ensure sustainability of activities, the technical staff should be given contracts for a minimum of 12 months. The Office should re-introduce and schedule the Joint Polio Outbreak Response team meetings at least once every three months.
Síntese de hidróxidos duplos lamelares para aplicação na condensação aldólica de furfural e acetona
Authors: Mariano Marcos Paulo Monteiro , Fernandes Daniella Rodrigues , Mota Claudio José de Araujo , Bezera Débora Morais
Published: April 2021

Autor(es): Marcos Paulo Monteiro Mariano – Bolsa: CNPq/PIBIC
Orientador(es): Cláudio José de Araújo Mota
Daniella Rodrigues Fernandes
Área Temática: Química Orgânica
Resumo:
A adição de aldol é uma s
Recent Advances in the Prediction of Weld Residual Stress and Distortion - Part 1
Authors:   American Welding Society, YANG YU-PING
Published: April 2021

Residual stresses and distortions are the result of complex interactions between welding heat input, the material’s high-temperature response, and joint constraint conditions. Both weld residual stress and distortion can significantly impair the performance and reliability of welded structures. In the past two decades, there have been many significant and exciting developments in the prediction and mitigation of weld residual stress and distortion. This paper reviews the recent advances in the prediction of weld residual stress and distortion by focusing on the numerical modeling theory and methods. The prediction methods covered in this paper include a thermo-mechanical-metallurgical method, simplified analysis methods, friction stir welding modeling methods, buckling distortion prediction methods, a welding cloud computational method, integrated manufacturing process modeling, and integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) weld modeling. Remaining challenges and new developments are also discussed to guide future predictions of weld residual stress and distortion.