bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les usages numériques des adolescents : des profils diversifiés en lien avec leur identité personnelle
Authors: Danias-Uraga Matthieu , Lannegrand Lyda
Published: August 2020

En adoptant une approche centrée sur les personnes, cette étude a pour objectif de dégager des profils d’usages numériques mis en lien avec des profils de l’identité personnelle. Nos données ont été recueillies auprès d’adolescent.es français grâce à des questionnaires auto-rapportés portant sur les processus de l’identité personnelle, des indicateurs qualitatifs des usages numériques et sur les domaines de vie investis en ligne (relationnel, vocationnel, idéologique et récréatif). Les analyses en clusters ont permis l’identification de 6 statuts identitaires classiquement retrouvés dans la littérature, de 6 profils d’usages numériques variés d’utilisateurs réticents, modérés ou actifs, et de 4 profils distincts de domaines d’activités en ligne. Les analyses en tris-croisés ont permis de mettre au jour des configurations convergentes en matière de construction identitaire et de formes d’usages numériques des adolescent.es. Cette étude a le mérite de proposer un cadre d’analyse, à la fois théorique et méthodologique, des usages numériques dont la mise en relation avec les profils de construction de l’identité offre des perspectives appliquées dans le domaine de la prévention et de la prise en charge.
Les TIC, lien intergénérationnel
Authors: Schneider Benoît , Claudel-Valentin Stéphanie , Tazouti Youssef
Published: August 2020

Cette étude se propose d’examiner les caractéristiques des liens entre grands-parents et petits-enfants rendus possibles par les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC). Une enquête par questionnaire en ligne a permis de recueillir le point de vue de 169 grands-mères et grands-pères concernant d’une part leur équipement et leur maîtrise des TIC de façon générique et concernant leurs relations familiales ; d’autre part leur relation avec un de leurs petits-enfants selon les TIC utilisées et selon les fonctions relationnelles assurées en particulier en fonction de l’âge du petit-enfant choisi. Les grands-parents ayant répondu à notre enquête sont très bien équipés et maîtrisent les TIC. Ils y recourent fréquemment tant pour leur usage personnel que familial. Ils communiquent avec leur petit-enfant selon des modalités adaptées à l’âge du petit-enfant et à son autonomie, plus intenses avec les plus jeunes et favorisant une reprise des échanges dans l’adolescence avancée. Si le choix des modalités de communication dépend en partie de l’âge du petit-enfant, les fonctions relationnelles assurées semblent davantage structurées par l’étape développementale du petit-enfant que par les caractéristiques techniques des TIC. Nos données confirment également que si les TIC permettent de maintenir un lien avec les petits-enfants éloignés géographiquement, ils viennent surtout en enrichissement d’une relation par ailleurs existante.
Sauve-mémoire» et trouble-mémoire ou l’historien double en lui-même. Une lecture de Pierre Laborie
Authors: Vast Cécile
Published: August 2020

Mental-émotionnel collectif , très contemporain , penser-double , non-consentement  : ces notions imaginées par Pierre Laborie tentent de rendre compte de la complexité sociale du réel et de traduire la singularité épistémologique de l’histoire des années 1939-1945. Elles parcourent une œuvre scientifique originale marquée par un va-et-vient constant entre l’analyse d’un objet ou d’un terrain bien circonscrit (le Lot dans les années 1930 et 1940, l’opinion et les comportements collectifs, la Résistance, les enjeux mémoriels) et la réflexion méthodologique sur l’écriture de l’histoire. Parmi celles-ci se distingue l’expression en forme d’oxymore sauve-mémoire et trouble-mémoire , que cet article propose d’explorer. Plutôt insolite, en apparence antinomique, elle renvoie à la déontologie du métier d’historien confronté à des usages du passé de plus en plus éloignés de la connaissance. Si trouble se réfère au savoir critique, sauve renferme une polysémie qui appelle quelques éclairages.
« Faire parti » à distance. Partis politiques tunisiens pro- et anti- régime Ben Ali en France
Authors: Zederman Mathilde
Published: August 2020

En s’appuyant sur la comparaison entre deux partis politiques tunisiens agissant en France sous le régime autoritaire de Ben Ali (1987-2011) – le principal parti politique d’opposition en exil (le parti islamiste Ennahda ), et le parti-État de Ben Ali (le Rassemblement Constitutionnel Démocratique, RCD) –, cet article interroge ce que peut signifier « faire parti », lorsque les activités partisanes sont délocalisées hors des frontières nationales. Il met en lumière la nécessité d’étudier les opportunités et les contraintes qui influent sur les spécificités des formes et des trajectoires des partis à l’étranger. En examinant l’influence du contexte sur leurs possibilités d’émergence et d’action, l’article montre que leur expérience partisane est tributaire des contraintes juridiques, institutionnelles, politiques non seulement du pays de résidence, mais aussi du pays d’origine. On observe que certaines opportunités et contraintes sont les mêmes pour tous les partis politiques étrangers, mais d’autres sont propres à chacun, et que le lien étroit entre les stratégies et moyens d’organisation et le contexte est notamment déterminé par l’identité et l’identification politiques des partis.
Le champ politique camerounais « à l’étranger » au travers des rivalités entre partis politiques
Authors: Tchingankong Yanou Moïse
Published: August 2020

L’octroi du droit de vote à distance, le 13 juillet 2011, aux Camerounais vivant hors du territoire national est un tournant paradigmatique dans la vie politique au Cameroun. C’est une option politique du gouvernement qui fait émerger une compétition entre partis politiques camerounais, à travers leurs représentations étrangères qui assurent à l’extérieur une présence continue mais aussi à travers leurs cadres qui s’y rendent de manière ponctuelle. Si, dans l’ensemble, il s’agit d’une transnationalisation du jeu politique électoral qui démontre la recomposition du système des partis, cette dynamique de déterritorialisation de la concurrence partisane consacre cependant une continuité dans ce qu’il convient de retenir des partis politiques en tant qu’objet d’étude : ils demeurent des entreprises politiques engagées dans une compétition pour l’acquisition ou la conservation du pouvoir dans de l’État-nation. C’est ce qui ressort de l’analyse comparative entre le RDPC, parti au pouvoir, et le MRC, parti d’opposition, dont la conquête des voix de l’électorat émigré en Europe révèle leurs stratégies partisanes différenciées de compétition pour l’exercice du pouvoir au Cameroun.
Le Parti communiste d’Espagne et l’immigration « économique » (1956-1980)
Authors: Lillo Natacha
Published: August 2020

Cet article montre qu’entre la Libération en 1944 et sa légalisation en 1977, le Parti communiste d’Espagne (PCE) a utilisé la France comme base arrière indispensable lui permettant de se reconstruire dans la péninsule. À partir de la fin des années 1950, l’arrivée de saisonniers puis d’une très importante vague migratoire en provenance d’Espagne a conduit ses militants à entamer un travail de conscientisation envers eux, notamment à travers la Confédération générale du Travail (CGT). L’article met en évidence que, dans un premier temps, il s’agissait de leur présenter le droit du travail français puis, au-delà, de les informer des vicissitudes de l’Espagne franquiste afin de tenter de les recruter, en utilisant des vecteurs culturels (cours d’alphabétisation, projections de films, conférences, etc.). Si nombre de militants se sont attelés à ces tâches avec entrain, l’exemple de la préparation du meeting de Dolores Ibárruri, la mythique « Pasionaria », et de Santiago Carrillo, le secrétaire général du parti, en proche banlieue parisienne en juin 1971, montre que des efforts restaient à faire dans plusieurs régions françaises.
Quand la greffe prend. EAJ-PNV s’étend au-delà de la frontière
Authors: Izquierdo Jean-Marie
Published: August 2020

Comment le Parti nationaliste basque (EAJ-PNB), parti d’origine espagnole, s’est étendu sur le territoire français ? Cet article met en évidence comment, très progressivement, EAJ-PNB est devenu un acteur de la vie politique basque à part entière en France. L’article montre que la proximité d’un pouvoir autonome puissant en Pays basque espagnol, simultanée à une forme de décentralisation naissante en Pays basque français, constitue un terrain favorable au développement de stratégies multiniveaux d’un tel parti. Surtout, en Espagne, EAJ-PNB s’est imposé comme le parti dominant du système politique basque, ce qui le légitime à conduire le projet de construction nationale au-delà d’une frontière européenne perméable à cette notion.
En Marche Français expatriés ! L’émergence d’un nouvel acteur politique parmi les Français établis à l’étranger
Authors: Kernalegenn Tudi , Pellen Cédric
Published: August 2020

Les émigrés français disposent de 11 députés, de 12 sénateurs, d’une assemblée consultative et de 443 conseillers consulaires pour les représenter. Ce tissu de mandats a participé à l’émergence d’un espace politique français hors de France que les partis politiques français ont progressivement investis. Quelques semaines après son lancement, La République En Marche (LREM) s’est ainsi attachée à développer ses structures à l’étranger dans la perspective des élections de 2017. Avec succès puisque, lors de celles-ci, le parti d’Emmanuel Macron obtient un soutien électoral encore plus fort hors de France qu’en métropole et rafle 10 des 11 postes de députés. En s’intéressant aux modalités, dynamiques et configurations de l’implantation de LREM à l’étranger, l’article analyse comment le parti est parvenu à s’imposer comme l’acteur dominant de l’espace politique français hors de France lors des élections de 2017.
Une communauté qui n’est plus en transition. Le cas de l’organisation des partis roumains à l’étranger
Authors: Gherghina Sergiu , Soare Sorina
Published: August 2020

Si nous prenons en considération la définition classique du parti en tant qu’« ensemble de communautés, une réunion de petits groupes disséminés à travers le pays (sections, comités, associations locales, etc.) liés par des institutions coordinatrices » (Duverger, 1951, éd. 1992, p. 34), le processus de déterritorialisation de la citoyenneté a potentiellement des conséquences sur le territoire que les organisations des partis prennent en considération afin de mobiliser le soutien populaire. Dans ce contexte, l’article analyse les conséquences de l’extension des droits électoraux des citoyens non résidents roumains au niveau de l’organisation des partis nationaux. L’article s’intéresse, tout d’abord, à la dimension chronologique en se demandant quand et dans quel contexte les partis roumains ont commencé à s’organiser à l’étranger. En même temps, l’analyse se penche également sur la dimension pratique, à savoir les activités que ces organisations déploient dans leurs structures à l’étranger. À partir d’une étude qualitative, les stratégies organisationnelles de quatre partis parlementaires sont analysées. La principale conclusion est que les organisations extraterritoriales des partis politiques roumains sont « les enfants de la réforme de 2008 », mais leur registre d’activités reste limité aux fonctions de mobilisation électorale.
BRAIN SIGNATURES PERSPECTIVE FOR HIGH-SECURITY AUTHENTICATION
Authors: Rathi Nikhil , Singla Rajesh , Tiwari Sheela
Published: August 2020

In the recent past, the web (internet) has emerged as the most interactive authentication system for all of us (i.e. Internet banking passwords, system or building access, and e-payment platforms, etc.) and as a result, traditional authentication systems (like passwords or token-based) are never again more secure i.e. they are vulnerable to attacks. As a result, the security of individual information and safe access to a system winds up prime necessities. Therefore, the EEG-based authentication system has recently become a reasonable key for high-level security. This study centers upon P300 evoked potential-based authentication system designing. In this paper, a new visual stimulus paradigm (i.e. [Formula: see text] P300 speller) using pictures of different objects as stimuli for a person authentication system is designed instead of the conventional character-based paradigm (i.e. [Formula: see text] speller) for increasing the classification accuracy and Information Transfer Rate (ITR). The trial begins by exhibiting a collection of pictures of various objects on four corners of the PC screen comprising of random object pictures (non-target) alongside password pictures (target) that trigger P300 reactions. The P300 reaction’s rightness then checks the identity of the subject concerning the focused pictures (Target). The proposed investigation model achieves higher classification accuracy of 96.78%, along with 0.03075 False Rejection Rate (FRR), 0.03297 False Acceptation Rate (FAR), and ITR of [Formula: see text]. This study has shown that P300-based authentication system has an advantage over conventional methods (Password, Token, etc.) as EEG-based systems cannot be mimicked or forged (like Shoulder surfing in case of password) and can still be used for disabled users with a brain in good running condition. The classification results revealed that the performance of the QDA classifier outperformed other classifiers based on accuracy and ITR.
Masking and Tracklet Building for Space Debris and NEO Observations
Authors: Krajčovič Stanislav , Ďurikovič Roman , Šilha Jiří
Published: August 2020

The partial goal of the transformation of a newly acquired telescope into a professional observation device was a design and development of an image processing pipeline. The pipeline can process an acquired raw image of space debris into object observations in time (tracklets), and further correlate and identify them with selected catalogues. The system contains nine image processing elements (IPEs) in total that are further described in this chapter and have already been deployed and tested on real space debris data.
Enhancement of Antioxidant Activity by the Combination of Moringa oleifera and Perilla frutescens Seed Oils in Microemulsion
Authors: Tunit Prakairat , Kietinun Somboon , Sriyakul Kusuma , Tungsukruthai Parunkul , Chittasupho Chuda
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic antioxidant activity of microemulsion containing mixed Moringa oleifera seed oil and Perilla frutescens seed oils, compared with microemulsion of single oils. The novel microemulsions for the moringa, perilla, and mixed seed oils were formulated by mixing appropriate amount of surfactant, water, and oil phase. The formulation containing the maximum amount of oil which appeared transparent was further evaluated for particle size, size distribution, surface charge, pH, and rheological behavior. The in vitro antioxidant properties of microemulsions were investigated in comparison with essential oils. Cream containing microemulsion was prepared and its physical stability was investigated by heating-cooling cycles. The results showed that the maximum content of oil incorporated in microemulsion system was 12.5%. The mean droplet sizes of moringa, perilla, and mixed oil microemulsion were 159.33±0.77, 183.86±1.42, and 263.43± 9.40 nm, respectively. All formulations exhibited pseudoplastic flow behavior. The mixture of moringa and perila seed oils in microemulsion possessed the highest significant antioxidant effect against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl compared with single oil microemulsion. The cream containing microemulsion exhibited good physical stability. Thus, the current research reveals the benefits of microemulsion containing mixed moringa and perilla seed oils based cream compared with single essential oils.
Role of Citrus Limonoid as a Possible Bioavailability Enhancer
Authors: Piyapolrungroj Nusara , Phattanawasin Panadda , Sotanaphun Uthai , Maw May Phyu Thein
Published: August 2020

The oral delivery is the most practical route to deliver drugs into the body, however drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters can play important roles in modulating drug absorption. This study intended to find a natural bioenhancer for improving drug bioavailability. Two limonoids, including limonin deepoxy and nomilin, isolated from pomelo pulp were studied and the inhibition effects on human CYP3A4 and P-gp were investigated. Testosterone 6β-hydroxylation was performed in recombinant human CYP3A4 to discover the effects on CYP activity. Daunorubicin transport in Caco-2 and calcein-AM uptake in LLC-PK1and LLC-GA5-COL300 were conducted to evaluate the effects on P-gp function. The results show that both limonin deepoxy and nomilin could inhibit CYP3A4 and only nomilin exhibited mechanism-based inhibition. Nomilin was able to inhibit human P-gp in the concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, nomilin demonstrated strong activities on both CYP3A4 and P-gp, indicating that nomilin could possibly be used as a bioavailability enhancer.
Inhibitory Effect of Perilla frutescens L. Leaves Extract on Melanogenesis and Skin Whitening Efficacy in the Underarm Whitening Product Application
Authors: Preedalikit Weeraya , Pintha Komsak , Tantipaiboonwong Payungsak , Aunsri Nattapol , Vivattanaseth Pattavet , Mungmai Lapatrada
Published: August 2020

The effect of Perilla frutescens L. leaves extract (PFLE) on melanogenesis regulation in B16F10 cells was investigated. The extract had a significant inhibitory effect on melanogenesis in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity at concentrations between 2.5 and 10 μg/mL. The PFLE was formulated as an underarm serum (PL serum) and evaluated for skin irritation and its skin whitening efficacy on 30 Thai women twice daily for 4 weeks. Changes in skin melanin and erythema index, L* a* values were studied. A gradual decrease in melanin index from 37.94±0.66 to 35.90±0.64 (5.38%), and a significant decrease in erythema index from 11.32±0.79 to 10.21±0.11 (9.80%) could be observed during a 4-week period. Therefore, the efficacy of PL serum in improving skin was demonstrated by a significant decrease in melanin and erythema index compared with initial values and skin tone was improved without skin irritation. Extract from Perilla frutescens L. leaves can be used as a novel whitening cosmeceutical ingredient.
Application of Plant Extracts as a Preservative in an Aqueous Gel Formulation
Authors: Bupphatanarat Punnidtha , Powtongsook Worrapannee , Asawahame Chawalinee , Wongtrakul Paveena
Published: August 2020

This research aims to study the antimicrobial activities of five selected plants, which were cinnamon bark, betel leaves, licorice, ginger, and galangal and select the most effective herbal extracts to be evaluated for their preservative efficacies in aqueous gel formulation. The sequential solvent extraction using hexane and 95% ethanol was used to extract bioactive constituents in the studied plants. After completely evaporated the solvents, the crude extracts were tested for the antimicrobial activities against S.aureus TISTR 1466 (ATCC 6538), P.aeruginosa TISTR 781 (ATCC 9027), E.coli ATCC 7839, C.albicans TISTR 5779 (ATCC 10201) and A.brasiliensis DMST 15538 (ATCC 16404) by agar well diffusion method. The result showed that the cinnamon bark extract macerated in hexane could inhibit the growth of all studied micro-organisms and was more effective than betel leaves, ginger, galangal and licorice extracts, while its 95% ethanolic extracts obviously showed lower antimicrobial activities. The MIC and MBC or MFC of cinnamon bark extract against the testing micro-organisms were in a range of 0.039-0.312 mg/mL and 0.156-1.250 mg/mL/0.078-0.625 mg/mL, respectively. The effective doses of hexane extract of cinnamon bark attempted to be tested as preservative in aqueous gel formulation were 0.3%, 1.25% and 2.5% by weight, which were equal to MIC, 4MIC and 8MIC, respectively. The challenge tests according to ISO 11930 were carried out to determine the preservative efficacy. The results revealed that 1.25% and 2.5% of cinnamon bark extract satisfied the criteria B for bacterial strains and the criteria A for yeast and mold. The LC-MS data confirmed that the two main constituents in hexane extract of cinnamon bark were coumarin and cinnamaldehyde that might play a role in antimicrobial activity.
Optimization of Maclura cochinchinensis Extract as a Cosmeceutical Component for Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities
Authors: Vongsak Boonyadist , Jaisamut Sunan , Gonsap Kanokporn , Parmontree Porntip
Published: August 2020

Maclura cochinchinensis Corner or Kae Lae in Thai belongs to the Moraceae family. The plant is found in Southeast Asian countries and used in traditional medicine as a tonic agent to treat chronic fever and skin infections. Previous studies have demonstrated that plants in Moraceae family, such as Morus alba and Artocarpus lakoocha are rich source of antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase agents. Thus, the current study aimed at comparing different solvent extracts (50% ethanol, 80% ethanol, methanol by ultrasound and water decoction) of M. cochinchinensis heartwood for their antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities. Total phenolic content, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and anti-lipid peroxidation assays were performed to compare the antioxidant activity, whereas, Dopachrome method was performed for anti-tyrosinase activity. The results demonstrated that 80% ethanol and methanol extracts had better antioxidant activities based on EC50 value of DPPH (9.96±0.21 and 9.50±0.46 μg/mL, respectively), ABTS (6.54±0.13 and 6.58±0.69 μg/mL, respectively), anti-lipid peroxidation (228.31±2.03 and 231.43±1.41 μg/mL, respectively), and anti-tyrosinase (7.60±0.29 and 7.91±0.41 μg/mL, respectively) assays. Further, 80% ethanol extract was selected to evaluate the bioactive compound using bioactivity-guided isolation. Oxyresveratrol identified as bioactive compound, exhibited higher activities than the positive controls (quercetin and kojic acid). In conclusion, 80% ethanolic M. cochinchinensis heartwood extract obtained using the ultrasound technique exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase effects and can be used as a potential active ingredient for cosmeceutical products. Oxyresveratrol could be used as bioactive marker for quality control of the extract and products.
Development of Antimicrobial Nanoemulsions Containing Nelumbo nucifera Extract
Authors: Pengon Sirikarn , Chinatangkul Nawinda , Limmatvapirat Chutima , Limmatvapirat Sontaya
Published: August 2020

Nelumbo nucifera is a medicinal herb widely distributed in Thailand which possesses its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The aims of this study were to investigate the antimicrobial effects and to develop the formulations containing Nelumbo nucifera crude extracts. The crude extracts of each part of the plants, petals, pollens, receptacles and stalks were separately obtained using 95% w/w ethyl alcohol and then subjected to the phytochemical studies. The total phenolic content was quantified by using Folin-ciocalteu colorimetric method, and the antibacterial features against Staphylococcus aureus was also evaluated. The nanoemulsions incorporated with Nelumbo nucifera crude extracts were thereafter formulated. The results showed that saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and coumarins found in petals was 184.30 ± 0.50 mg GAE/g total phenolic content which was 4-fold higher than those found in the other part of the plants. Moreover, the crude extract from petals exhibited the activity against S. aureus as indicated by the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 100 mg/mL. Moreover, the good stability of nanoemulsions consisting of 0.05% w/w petal extract was observed displaying a particle size of 400 ± 139 nm, a zeta potential of -8.09 ± 1.04 mV, and a pH value of 5.87 ± 0.07. Owing to the antimicrobial test against S.aureus, the inhibition percentage of nanoemulsions was 80.35 ± 0.106. Accordingly, this study provides the increasing of antimicrobial properties of Nelumbo nucifera crude extract when preparing into the nanoemulsions formulation. In addition, this finding could raise the value of Nelumbo nucifera which could be utilized as an alternative active ingredient for the treatment of skin bacterial infection.
Fabrication of Indomethacin-Loaded Polyvinyl Alcohol Filaments through Hot-Melt Extrusion
Authors: Thanawuth Kasitpong , Sriamornsak Pornsak
Published: August 2020

The main objective of this study was to prepare the drug-loaded filament by hot-melt extrusion technique. Indomethacin (IND) was used as a model drug and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used to produce the filament. The IND-PVA filament had clear yellow color and rough surface. Drug loading in the filament that was determined from three segments of the filament was similar, indicating that IND was homogeneously distributed in the filament.This finding was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis data suggested that the drug and polymer were not degraded at temperature used in extrusion process. The filament could be further developed as dosage form or applied as starting material for 3D-printed dosage forms.
Effects of Thermal Crosslinking on the Properties and Release Profiles of Three-Dimensional (3D)-Printed Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) Tablets
Authors: Chareonying Thapakorn , Opanasopit Praneet , Rojanarata Theerasak , Akkaramongkolporn Prasert , Patrojanasophon Prasopchai
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal crosslinking on the properties of 3D-printed poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) tablets loaded with fluorescein sodium (NaFl). The PVA filaments were selected for the fabrication of 3D-printed tablets. Different infill densities (80% and 100%) of the tablets were applied. The tablets were crosslinked at different temperatures and times. The physiochemical properties of the tablets and the release profiles of fluorescein from the 3D-tablets were investigated. The 3D-printed PVA tablets were successfully produced with favorable physical and mechanical properties. A smooth surface with a mesh pattern was obtained with a yellow color of NaFl. The 100% infilled tablets provided slightly greater loading efficiency and loading capacity in comparison with the 80% infilled tablets. The release of NaFl increased with an increase in crosslinking time and temperature. However, crosslinking at 140 °C for 4 h (80% CFT4 and 100%CFT4) showed similar release characteristic compared to the non-crosslink one. The release kinetics of 3D-printed tablets were observed to be Quasi-Fickian diffusion mechanism.
Development and Evaluation of Astaxanthin Orally Disintegrating Tablets Prepared from Coprocessed Excipients for Use in the Elderly
Authors: Sangnim Tanikan , Huanbutta Kampanart
Published: August 2020

The world’s population is aging; therefore, conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms designed for adult are not suitable. Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) are innovative dosage forms designed to overcome the problem of difficulty in swallowing or dysphagia, which is a common problem among all age groups, especially the elderly. This study aimed to develop and assess ODTs loaded with astaxanthin and manufactured by direct compression method using different coprocessed pharmaceutical excipients, including F-Melt® Type C, F-Melt® Type M, and Pearlitol Flash®. The results found that the ODTs prepared from F-Melt® Type C and F-Melt® Type M offered better mechanical properties. An astaxanthin concentration of 20–40 mg in the tablets did not retard the disintegration mechanism. From the taste modified formulation, the tablets disintegrated within 82 seconds. The tablet hardness was higher than 35.33 N and its friability was less than 0.5%. Lastly, active ingredient dissolved more than 80% in 2 minutes.
Xanthan Gum-Incorporated Natural Rubber Film Casted with Solvent Evaporation
Authors: Puyathorn Napaphol , Phaechamud Thawatchai
Published: August 2020

Xanthan gum (X)-incorporated natural rubber (NR) cast films were fabricated from blocked NR by solvent casting method using dichloromethane as the solvent. The rather smooth films were obtained. X markedly promoted both of water sorption and erosion in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 of these composite films. With increasing X amount also significantly enhanced the film tensile strength, Young’s modulus and area under the curve while did not affect contact angle of water/formamide and surface free energy. 30%X-loaded NR films exhibited the highest durability with apparently high water sorption and erosion for further using such as wound dressing.
Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Rice Bran Protein Hydrolysate-Loaded Films
Authors: Wunnakup Thaniya , Monton Chaowalit , Charoenchai Laksana , Meksuriyen Duangdeun
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to apply rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBH) as bioactive additives of gelatin/Eudragit® NE 30D film and characterize the physicochemical and mechanical properties of its. The RBH was obtained by extraction with 2% sodium chloride (RBH-NaCl) and 0.1 N sodium hydroxide (RBH-NaOH) followed by digestion with Alcalase®. Then, RBH was incorporated in gelatin/Eudragit® NE 30D film. Effect of RBHs on film thickness, moisture content, pH, Young's modulus, tensile strength and the elongation at break were investigated. The RBH-NaCl enriched film showed non-homogeneous mixture and reduced moisture content, tensile strength and the elongation at break (1.8 – 2 folds). However, the RBH-NaOH enriched film exhibited a few non-homogeneous mixture and the Young's modulus was slightly decreased. The pH value was increased in the range of 6.77 – 6.88. Our results provide insight for the potential to develop RBH containing films as topical products.
The clinical and subclinical features of spinal cord injury on magnetic resonance imaging of patients with N2O intoxication
Authors: Tuan Tran Anh , Minh Duc Nguyen , Sy Than Van , Hung Trinh Minh , Cuong Tran , Anh Nguyen Quang , Luu Vu Dang , Thong Pham Minh
Published: August 2020

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a weak anesthetic gas that was first used in 1844 in the field of dental anesthesia. However, currently, N2O is being abused for entertainment purposes in the form of N2O-filled balloons, called funky balls, which can cause many adverse effects, especially nervous system injury. This study aimed to investigate the detailed clinical and subclinical features associated with N2O intoxication. We retrospectively reviewed 47 patients diagnosed with N2O intoxication, from May 2018 to July 2019, and collected demographic data, clinical and laboratory tests, and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The mean time of funky ball use was 8.8 months, with a mean use of 36.3 balls per day. All patients presented with superficial sensory disorders. Reductions in muscle strength, decreased vibration sensation, and decreased or lost tendon reflexes were the most common clinical signs of N2O intoxication. Romberg sign and Lhermitte sign were observed in 39 patients (83%) and 21 patients (44.7%), respectively. Spinal cord lesions on MRI were observed in 32 patients (68.1%), which mostly presented with an inverted V sign. The total duration of N2O use, the number of days of using N2O per week, and the presence of Lhermitte sign (P<0.05) were significantly different between patients with and without spinal cord lesions on MRI. Serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B12 were significantly different between the time of admission and discharge (P<0.05). Our study indicated that the days of using N2O per week was significantly associated with Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) on MRI. According to the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, a cutoff days of using per week value of 2.5 days could predict SCI with a sensitivity of 81.3%, a specificity of 73.3%, and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.813. Changes in the serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B12 were effective markers for the evaluation of treatment response.
Impact of Awareness of Breast Density on Perceived Risk, Worry, and Intentions for Future Breast Cancer Screening among Korean Women
Authors: Tran Anh Thi Ngoc , Hwang Ji Hae , Choi Eunji , Lee Yun Yeong , Suh Mina , Lee Chan Wha , Kim Yeol , Choi Kui Son
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis study sought to examine perceived risk and concerns for breast cancer according to awareness of breast density and states thereof among Korea women and to identify the impact of such awareness on screening intentions. Materials and MethodsThis study was based on the 2017 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey of a nationally representative and randomly selected sample of Koreans. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to examine associations for awareness of and knowledge on breast density in relation to psychological factors. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate significant factors associated with intentions to undergo breast cancer screening. ResultsAmong a total of 1,609 women aged 40-69 years, 62.0% were unaware of their breast density, and only 29.7% had good breast density knowledge. Awareness of one’s breast density and knowledge about breast density were positively associated with perceptions of absolute and comparative risk and cancer worry. Women aware of their breast density (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35 for women aware of having a non-dense breast; aOR, 4.17 for women aware of having a dense breast) and women with a good level of breast density knowledge (aOR, 1.65) were more likely to undergo future breast cancer screening. ConclusionBreast density awareness and knowledge showed positive associations with psychological factors and breast cancer screening intentions. However, the majority of Korean women were not aware of their breast density status and demonstrated poor knowledge about breast density. These results demonstrate a need for better health communication concerning breast density.
Two extensions of the Erdős–Szekeres problem
Authors: Holmsen Andreas F. , Mojarrad Hossein Nassajian , Pach János , Tardos Gábor
Published: August 2020

According to Suk's breakthrough result on the Erdős–Szekeres problem, any point set in general position in the plane, which has no

n

elements that form the vertex set of a convex

n

-gon, has at most

2^{n+O\left({n^{2/3}\mathrm log n}\right)}

points. We strengthen this theorem in two ways. First, we show that the result generalizes to convexity structures induced by pseudoline arrangements. Second, we improve the error term.

A family of

n

convex bodies in the plane is said to be in
convex position
if the convex hull of the union of no

n-1

of its members contains the remaining one. If any three members are in convex position, we say that the family is in
general position
. Combining our results with a theorem of Dobbins, Holmsen, and Hubard, we significantly improve the best known upper bounds on the following two functions, introduced by Bisztriczky and Fejes Tóth and by Pach and Tóth, respectively. Let

c(n)

(and

c'(n)

) denote the smallest positive integer

N

with the property that any family of

N

pairwise disjoint convex bodies in general position (resp.,

N

convex bodies in general position, any pair of which share at most two boundary points) has an

n

-membered subfamily in convex position. We show that

c(n)\leq c'(n)\leq 2^{n+O\left(\sqrt{n\mathrm log n}\right)}

.
The theory of value and distribution and the problem of capital*
Authors: Kurz Heinz D.
Published: August 2020

The paper identifies as the root of the recent controversy in the theory of capital David Ricardo's finding that competitive prices and costs of production depend not only on the methods of production employed, but also on the wage rate (or rate of profits) and change with it. A consequence of this result, whose systematic elaboration we owe to Piero Sraffa, is that systems of production cannot generally be ordered monotonically with the rate of profits. Reswitching, capital reversing, price and quantity Wicksell effects, etc., are all rooted in this fact. It is argued that the rate of profits is not determined by the marginal productivity of capital and that the equality between the two in equilibrium must not be misinterpreted as implying a causal relationship leading from the latter to the former. Attempts to assess the empirical probability of reswitching, etc., in terms of input–output tables ought to be received with many reservations for both theoretical and data-related reasons. It is further argued that problems for marginalist theory already arise in a zero-profit framework, in which compound interest effects are ruled out. Hence the seemingly unobtrusive ‘laws’ of input demand and output supply are a much less reliable basis to stand on than is conventionally thought. The paper concludes with some remarks on the implications of the findings in the controversy for Keynes's theory of investment.
On the empirical regularities of Sraffa prices
Authors: Shaikh Anwar , Coronado José Alejandro , Nassif-Pires Luiza
Published: August 2020

This paper focuses on a key concern of the Cambridge capital controversies: Sraffa's theoretical demonstration that competitive relative prices, and hence the money value of aggregate capital, can vary in complex ways as the wage share (profit rate) changes. We find that, on the contrary, individual prices are usually linear or mildly curved. We develop a formal measure of curvature, and find that average price curvature does not fall with matrix size as proposed in Brody's random matrix hypothesis. Since the average curves are near-linear, it follows that aggregates such as capital, wages, and net output will exhibit the same behavior. We believe this explains the widely observed near-linearity of the wage–profit curve.
Costo de producción en empresas agrícolas de Casma fundamentado en Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad
Authors: Solano Campos Marianela Karina , Ruíz Gómez Alex Sívori , Mucha Paitan Angel Javier , Alatrista Liñan Deyssy Melyssa , Villanueva Llanos Alex Alvaro , Pelaez Rodriguez Tania Ingrid , Atilano Chávez Jesús Alberto
Published: August 2020

Este artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo general determinar el uso de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad N° 2 inventarios y la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad N° 41 Agricultura en la determinación del costo de producción en las empresas agrícolas de Casma en el año 2018, es de un enfoque cuantitativoy nivel descriptivo. Como escenario de estudio se ha considerado a las empresas agrícolas de Casma, de las cuales se ha seleccionado a treinta y dos empresas agrícolas, a quienes se les aplicará un cuestionario para poder identificar como precisar el costo de producción de los productos agrícolas, además, identificando si aplican o no las normas internacionales de contabilidad N° 2 Inventarios y N° 41 Agricultura. El resultado que se obtuvo fue que se requiere del uso de la norma N° 2 Inventarios, para determinar el costo inicial de la siembra y el costo de producción del producto agrícola después de la recolección hasta la venta, además se reconoce el uso de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad N° 41 Agricultura cuando la planta productora (activo biológico) empiece a tener sus productos agrícolas que beneficie a las empresas agrícolas hasta antes de la recolección.
Actitud de las docentes hacia la atención pedagógica del niño en la etapa maternal
Authors: Fuentes Aguilar Joselyn , González Pérez Francis Carolina
Published: August 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la actitud de las docentes de Educación Inicial hacia la Atención Pedagógica en la Etapa Maternal en los C.E.I. de la Parroquia Mariano Peraza del Municipio Jiménez estado Lara. Metodológicamente se basa en un enfoque cuantitativo, enmarcada en un diseño exploratorio-descriptivo. Los sujetos de estudio fueron treinta (30) docentes a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario de 34 ítems con opciones de respuesta en escala tipo Likert, validado a través de un juicio de expertos y con una confiabilidad según el estadístico Alpha de Cronbach de 0,95 que representa una alta confiabilidad.  Los resultados fueron procesados por medio de la estadística descriptiva y se concluyó que existen dicotomías que caracterizan las dimensiones cognitiva, afectiva y conductual de la actitud docente hacia la atención a los niños de 0 a 3 años, entre una actitud  favorable y desfavorable.
Mixed Messages in the Spanish Heritage Language Classroom
Authors: Burns Katharine , Waugh Linda
Published: August 2020

This paper explores the implications of prevailing attitudes about language variety found in a case study of a large, university SHL program. First, a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach was employed to examine the ideological underpinnings of the presentation of varieties of Spanish (including those of U.S. Spanish) in textbooks used in the program. Second, discussions with focus groups of SHL instructors were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed to gain insight into the practices fostered by the SHL program related to language variety. The CDA findings show evidence of reinforcement of an ideology of a monolithic “standard” Spanish in the SHL textbooks and curricula, with only cursory attention paid to regional varieties of Spanish and, at times, implicit and explicit de-legitimization of U.S. varieties of Spanish. The focus group data indicates that instructors identify tension between: 1) the program’s stated goals, which are to validate the
students’ Spanish varieties and to develop an academic or professional register of Spanish; and 2) classroom reality, in which the “standard” is the overwhelming focus and the students’ own “home varieties” of Spanish are at times devalued by the textbook and course materials. Finally, based on these results, some pedagogical recommendations to validate heritage learners’ Spanish as a resource, rather than a deficit, are discussed.
Beyond Country of Birth
Authors: Makoni Busi
Published: August 2020

This article reports the results of an exploratory study on how third-generation American-born Africans (ABAs) (i.e., descendants of African immigrants born and raised in the United States) construct their identities in and through learning African languages as heritage languages. Drawing from qualitative data in the form of in-depth interviews, the article argues that while ABAs contest and negotiate their identities through learning African languages and through other, multimodal semiotic practices such as clothing, there is a prevalent valorization of African identity indexed by proficiency in an African language irrespective of whether this is a heritage language. The impetus for this valorization of heritage identity is a feeling of dislocation and delocalization resulting from erasure of ABAs’ English native-speakerhood and constant misidentification as non-Americans
by the dominant culture. Learning heritage languages fosters a sense of belonging and connection with an “imagined” home located “there” as distinct from “here.” Thus, through heritage language learning, ABAs construct an “identity of resistance.” The article concludes by pointing out how positive heritage identity metamorphoses into an awareness of not only the cultural and symbolic value of heritage languages but also the potential of translating proficiency in one’s heritage language(s) into economic capital in the global market.
Bilateral Export Trading Analysis between Bangladesh and China: Opportunities and Prospects
Authors: Sikder Mukut , Dou Xuecheng
Published: August 2020

The predominant of multilateral international business between Bangladesh and China has expanded significantly in current times. The business friendship between two partners in improving across will deliver much assistance to the economy of both nations. However, some of the researchers have properly explored the familiarity between these countries. The initial objective is to emphasize and highlights the international export trade between these two partners, particularly, the opportunities in and importance of principal aptitude of trade. To detail the business model, we here apply the trade intensity index. The findings have been used to find strong areas for future contributions between these two partners to strengthen the economy and to seek diplomacy involvement for ongoing trade and monetary prosperity.
XÁC ĐỊNH MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH LÝ CỦA LỢN MẮC DỊCH TIÊU CHẢY CẤP DO PORCINE EPIDEMIC DIARRHEA VIRUS (PEDV) GÂY RA TRÊN LỢN CON THEO MẸ TẠI CÁC VÙNG SINH THÁI Ở TỈNH THANH HÓA
Authors: Thắng Lương Trọng , Việt Vũ Đức , Anh Đặng Lan
Published: August 2020

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm xác định sự có mặt của virus PEDV gây bệnh trên đàn lợn con theo mẹ từ đó xác định các đặc điểm bệnh lý của dịch tiêu chảy cấp tại một số địa phương của tỉnh Thanh Hóa. Sáu mươi lợn con theo mẹ từ 1 đến 4 tuần tuổi nghi mắc dịch tiêu chảy cấp tại các trang trại thuộc bốn huyện ở tỉnh Thanh Hóa được thu mẫu để kiểm tra sự có mặt của PEDV bằng phương pháp RT-PCR. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ dương tính với PEDV rất cao: ở mẫu ruột và hạch màng treo ruột là 76,67%, ở mẫu phân là 51,67%. Hồi cứu kết quả RT-PCR để xác định triệu chứng lâm sàng chủ yếu của lợn mắc tiêu chảy cấp cho thấy: lợn tiêu chảy phân lỏng, màu vàng hoặc xám, ủ rũ mệt mỏi, nằm dồn đống hoặc nằm trên bụng mẹ (100%); lợn gầy sút nhanh (82,60%), uống nhiều nước (60,86%) và thân nhiệt giảm (54,34%); một số con có biểu hiện nôn (54,34%). Các bệnh tích đại thể chủ yếu là xác lợn chết khô gầy, da nhăn, phân màu vàng dính bết ở hậu môn (100%), dạ dày căng phồng, chứa sữa chưa tiêu hoá, chất chứa màu vàng lợn cợn và nhiều bọt, thành ruột mỏng (100%), các cơ quan nội tạng như hạch màng treo ruột xuất huyết (73,91%), gan sưng (58,69%), túi mật căng to (65,21%), phổi sưng tụ huyết (71,74%), lách sưng xung huyết (63,04%).

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to determine the presence of PEDV virus in piglets, thereby determining the pathological characteristics of piglets infected with PEDV in some localities of Thanh Hoa province. Sixty piglets from 1 to 4 week old were suspected to have infected with PEDV in Thanh Hoa province. The RT-PCR was used to confirm porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. The research results showed that the proportion of positive samples were high such as 76.67% was in small intestine and mesenteric lymph node and 51.67% was in fecal samples. The main clinical signs of PED included weakness, depression, and loose, fishy and yellow diarrhea; huddling together, laying on the sow (100%), losing weight rapidly (82.60%), drinking plenty of water (60.86%) and hypothermia (54.34%). The autopsies showed skinny dead carcasses, wrinkled skin, and loose, fishy, and yellow diarrhea, sticky anus (100%); stomach containing curd and undigested food (100%), thinness of the wall of small intestine and watery yellow translucent content in small intestine (100.0%), internal organs such as thyperemia and hemorrhage of mesenteric lymph nodes (73.91%), swollen liver (58.69%), gallbladder enlargement (65.21%), pneumonia (71.74%) and splenic congestion (63.04%).