bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Figuras de la perversión del derecho: para un modelo crítico de investigación jurídica empírica
Authors: Rodriguez José Rodrigo
Published: January 2016

El texto propone categorías metodológicas que asuman una postura crítica, las cuales se pueden emplear en el diseño de proyectos de investigación empírica en derecho. Proyectos cuyo interés sea describir y exigir la racionalidad de las instituciones del Estado de derecho. Esta forma de legitimación del poder supone la necesidad de decidir conforme la voluntad de las leyes y no conforme la de los hombres. Para alcanzar su objetivo el documento propone las categorías “fuga del derecho”, “falsa legalidad” y “zona de autoridad”, desarrolladas a partir de la obra de Franz. L. Neumann, cuyo propósito es evidenciar y criticar los criterios utilizados por el poder para justificar jurídicamente sus actos y, eventualmente, reflexionar sobre el significado de su ausencia. El uso de dichas categorías procura posibilitar la identificación de los problemas de investigación que relacionen las categorías de racionalidad interna del derecho con los conflictos en la sociedad civil, revelando los momentos en los que el poder decide la forma autárquica, pervirtiendo el derecho para imponer una decisión de forma unilateral, es decir, sin una justificación que cumpla con las exigencias de la promesa de legitimidad contenida en la idea del Estado de derecho.
Balanced scorecard para emprendedores: desde el modelo canvas al cuadro de mando integral
Authors: Sánchez Vázquez José Manuel , Vélez Elorza María Luisa , Araújo Pinzón Pedro
Published: January 2016

El Cuadro de Mando Integral (BSC) y el modelo Canvas pueden enlazarse como herramientas complementarias para los emprendedores. La primera desarrolla objetivos y medidas operativas en cuatro perspectivas principales para alcanzar la misión y estrategia. La segunda ha supuesto una (re-)evolución en la generación de modelos de negocio, estableciendo nueve apartados que reflejan su lógica. En el artículo se desarrolla un modelo de trabajo que, partiendo de la necesidad de disponer de un BSC, relaciona su diseño con la información recogida previamente en el modelo Canvas, señalando su mutua necesidad.
English communication skills for employability: the perspectives of employers in Bahrain
Authors: Thomas Andrew , Piquette Casey , McMaster David
Published: January 2016

Whilst English remains the language of global commerce, the role and outcomes of English language provision in English-medium higher education institutions in the Arab Gulf countries remains central to any discussion on graduate profile and the employability of graduates in the global marketplace. This paper describes the findings of research into English workplace communication skills amongst a sample of Bahrain employers and students at Bahrain Polytechnic. Using a mixed methods approach, data was gathered through telephone interviews, student workplace simulations and employer focus groups. Findings show that generic employability skills, channelled through English as a second or additional language, are highly valued by Bahrain’s employers. In particular, students need to market themselves as confident, knowledgeable individuals during the recruitment process and after recruitment, continuing to operate successfully in the sociolinguistic culture of their company. Consequently, it is concluded that English language training in higher education programmes needs to move from purely linguistic and degree-related content areas to a broader remit of English for communication purposes that covers both specialised discourse fields and broader generic employability skills and competencies.
The Influence of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on the Negative Emotion and Quality of Life of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Fei Wenfang
Published: January 2016

Objective: The study discussed the influence of comprehensive nursing intervention on the negative emotion and quality of life of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Method: 118 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were collected in our department, who were randomly allocated to the two groups. In the intervention group (59 cases), in addition to conventional nursing, the patients also received the comprehensive nursing intervention based on health education, psychological guidance, cognitive-behavioral change and encouragement of social support. The control group (59 cases) received conventional nursing. The differences of negative emotion and quality of life between two groups were analyzed by the negative emotion subscale and quality of life scale (WHONQOL-BREF) in the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Results: The quality of life in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group after intervention, and the negative emotion was significant lower than the control group. Conclusion: The comprehensive nursing intervention, based on health education, psychological guidance and encouragement of social support, could significantly reduce the negative emotion of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, improved the quality of life.
The Study on Nursing Risk Management of Patients in Psychiatric Department
Authors: Long Haiying , Tong Hanying
Published: January 2016

Because of the specificity of the occupation, the complexity and unpredictability of the disease and the limitation of medical technology, risks in nursing profession are everywhere. The psychiatric nursing is especially a high-risk profession. Nurses face psychopaths for 24 hours and the nursing risks are running through the steps and processes of nursing operations, dispositions and rescues all the time. Patients may make accidents at any time such as injuring themselves, hurting others, smashing objects, escaping and even conducing suicide. Once accident happens, it will bring different degrees of influences to patients and their relatives and even to the society. Hospitals and nurses will undertake economic, legal and personal risks at the same time.
Analysis on the Clinical Effectiveness of Perioperative Period Nursing Care of Infants
Authors: Yue Suxiang
Published: January 2016

Objective: To explore the physiological and psychological nursing and nursing methods for infants during operation. Methods: The nursing measures are taken before, during and after operation for 138 infants that have received surgical treatment in our hospital from February 2013 to January 2015 after close observation. Results: The operations for all 138 infants have been completed successfully without any surgical complications. Conclusion: The sufficient pre-operative nursing for infants, the comfortable body position, suitable heat preservation and close observation during operation and the recovery from general anesthesia after operation are crucial to peri-operative nursing for infants.
e-Readiness of Agricultural Extension Personnel with the Use of ICTs inAgricultural Extension Systems
Authors: Raksha I , Rao Sreenivasa , Meera Shaik N
Published: January 2016

The present paper is based on the findings of factors determining the e-readiness of agricultural extension personnel with the use of ICTs in agricultural extension systems. The association of the independent variables like age, gender, education, nativity, trainings and psychological variables etc. with dependent variable “ereadiness” was studied. The findings show that nativity, possession of smart gadgets, perceived attributes of ICTs, methods of learning ICTs skills, trainings received, achievement motivation, and innovativeness were positively correlated with the ereadiness whereas age, gender and number of years of service were found negatively correlated with e-readiness of extension personnel with the use of ICTs.
Effect of Communication Pattern on Agricultural Employees’ Job Performance
Authors: ABIONA Bolaji G.
Published: January 2016

This study assessed the influence of communication pattern on agricultural employees’ job performance. Data were collected from 61 randomly selected respondents using a structured questionnaire. Perceived communication pattern that influences job performance include: attitude of the administrators (x = 3.41), physical barriers to communication flow among employees (x = 3.21), poor communication reduces cooperation and teamwork of employees (x=3.12), and wrong pattern of communication (x=3.06). Major challenges to respondents’ job performance were different language among employees (x= 3.12), employees perception on Organizational issues (x=3.09), networking (x= 2.88), and unclear definition of work (x= 2.74). A significant relationship was found between employees’ perceived communication pattern (r = 0.423, p <0.00) and job performance. Information must be well designed in such a way that could positively influence employees’ job performance.
Trudności związane z badaniami ilościowymi w studiach nad współczesnymi migracjami. Wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Adamski Jakub
Published: January 2016

Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie osobom zainteresowanym ilościowymi badaniami nad współczesnymi migracjami podstawowych trudności, z jakimi trzeba się zmierzyć w tym obszarze badawczym. Najwięcej uwagi poświęcono trudnościom definicyjnym. Problem ten jest wielopłaszczyznowy i poza samymi trudnościami w ustaleniu znaczenia danego terminu w grę wchodzą liczne wpływy o charakterze politycznym (celowościowym), prawnym, praktycznym, procesualnym i temporalnym. Dlatego problematyka ta stanowi również punkt wyjścia dla uwag czynionych w odniesieniu do pomiaru, interpretacji, dostępności, kontrowersji, niespójnych i niskiej jakości informacji zawartych w dostępnych bazach danych. Skutkiem tego jest rozproszenie danych i ich fragmentaryczność, co znacząco wpływa na możliwość prowadzenia badań porównawczych (zarówno między państwami, jak i różnymi kategoriami mieszkańców tego samego kraju). Omówiony został też przykładowy system gromadzenia danych o migracjach zagranicznych. Na zakończenie poczyniono kilka uwag na temat wybranych aspektów samego procesu badawczego, istotnych z punktu widzenia badań nad współczesnymi migracjami. Opis odnoszony jest do kontekstu polskiego i europejskiego.
Emigracja do świata klauzurowego – na podstawie relacji sióstr zakonnych
Authors: Zimnica-Kuzioła Emila
Published: January 2016

Celem artykułu jest analiza relacji sióstr zakonnych na temat ich emigracji do świata klauzurowego. Spośród kilkudziesięciu wypowiedzi sióstr (reprezentujących różne polskie zgromadzenia zakonne) na temat ich wyboru drogi życiowej wybrałam najciekawsze i najobszerniejsze. Teksty (łącznie 20) zamieszczone na stronach internetowych zakonów poddałam analizie treści, nakierowanej na wyodrębnienie dominujących wątków tematycznych. Mają one ważny walor ko¬gnitywny, pokazują dynamikę powołania do życia konsekrowanego, które jest nie tylko aktem osobowym, ale i fenomenem społecznym; pozwalają też na wyodrębnienie czynników decydujących o zakonnej emigracji. Oprócz segmentacji wypowiedzi według klucza semantycznego, w podstawowym zakresie uwzględniłam też ich cechy językowe.
Artyści w Grenoble w latach 1920–1930
Authors: Bandier Norbert
Published: January 2016

Artykuł prezentuje badania prowadzone nad artystami mieszkającymi w Grenoble w latach 1920–1930. W badaniu uwzględniono 220 twórców związanych w tym okresie z tym mia¬stem, przede wszystkim malarzy. Ukazano specyfikę i złożoność tego środowiska, zwracając m.in. uwagę na wewnętrzne migracje francuskich twórców. Wskazano na kosmopolityczny charakter lokalnego świata artystycznego w Grenoble, a także na zagraniczne podróże „artystów regionalnych”. „Lokalność” nie jest zatem tożsama z izolacją, a wręcz przeciwnie – może mieć wymiar międzyna¬rodowy. Ponadto opisano, jak wyjazdy poza Francję wpływały na twórczość poszczególnych artystów. W tym uniwersyteckim i kosmopolitycznym mieście ważne było symboliczne miejsce Włoch oraz nawiązania do sztuki włoskiej. Zwrócono uwagę na to, że środowisko artystyczne Grenoble zdaje się charakteryzować znacznym przenikaniem różnych dziedzin twórczości plastycznej oraz brakiem wyraźnej separacji sztuk pięknych i sztuk stosowanych w aktywności twórców.
GEE Estimators in Mixture Model with Varying Concentrations
Authors: Doronin Oleksii , Maiboroda Rostislav
Published: January 2016

We discuss semiparametric mixture model where some components are parametrized with common Euclidean parameter and others are fully unknown. We introduce GEE approach and adaptive GEE-based approach for parameter estimation. Proposed estimators are tested on simulated sample.
Effect of graded levels of nucleotide supplementation on certain serum biochemical parameters in Japanese quails
Authors: Prakash1 S. , Palod Jyoti , Sharma R.K. , Singh S.K.
Published: January 2016

A trial was conducted for a period of 6 weeks to evaluate the effect of graded levels of nucleotide supplementation on serum biochemical parameters in Japanese quails. In the trial, 3 day old Japanese quail chicks were randomly distributed in completely randomized design into 4 treatment groups each with 3 replicates of 10 Japanese quails. The Japanese quails of treatment groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 were provided feed containing 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 per cent nucleotide respectively for a period of six weeks. At the end of experiment blood samples were collected for study of serum-biochemical parameters. The results indicated that decreased serum glucose, serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol was noticed in nucleotide supplemented groups at higher levels. Protein profile showed significant improvement in total protein, albumin and globulin while A/G ratio revealed no effect of supplementation. Serum creatinine and SGPT contents showed non-significance whereas, serum uric acid and SGOT contents were significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced in nucleotide supplemented groups of quails. It is concluded that nucleotide supplementation improves serum biochemical parameters without affecting liver and kidney functions.
Studies on draftability and enhanced utilization of small size bullocks of Odisha for pulling improved steel cart on tar road
Authors: Ghosal* M.K. , Swain S.K. , Dash A.K. , Mohapatra A.K.
Published: January 2016

An improved steel bullock cart (2.0 tones capacity) of INSDAG (Institute of Steel Development and Growth, Kolkata) design has been evaluated after putting rubber liner on its wheels as a modification, with a view to study its suitability in preventing the surface of rural roads. The cart with and without rubber liner was tested in the tar road of animal test track existed in the premises of OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha during the year 2012 with a pair of non-descript small size bullocks having a pair body weight of 420 kg. The results indicated that the small size bullocks could sustain pulling a pay load of 1200 kg continuously for three hours with rubber liner with the work rest cycle of 1 hour work + 15 min rest + 1 hour work + 20 min rest + 1 hour work as against 900 kg without rubber liner in tar road.
Evaluation of botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus in black gram under storage condition
Authors: Suthar M. D. , Bharpoda T. M.
Published: January 2016

Botanical powders were evaluated for their grain protectant efficiency against Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus in stored black gram grain. Among the various botanical powders tested, neem leaf (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), garlic bulb (Allium sativum Linnaeus) and eucalyptus leaf (Eucalyptus globulus Labill) @ 2 per cent (w/w) recorded more than 32 per cent adult mortality, higher half-life values (> 56.97 days) and higher gross persistency (> 1999.48). Significantly lower number of adults were emerged (< 20.75) in these botanical powders during six months of storage period.
DISKRESI HAKIM:POLA PENYELESAIAN KASUS DISPENSASI PERKAWINAN
Authors: Ramadhita Ramadhita
Published: January 2016

Underage marriage is still a problem for developing countries, including Indonesia. Various national and international research shows that the model has the potential marriage has increased in the decade ahead. In Indonesia, the marriage age limit set is 19 years for men and 16 years for women. Only, this limitation may file a dispensation remained unfulfilled by marriage to the religious court. The absence of standards in the Marriage Act opened the opportunity for the judges to make a decision based on its own initiative, which tends to refer to the texts  of fiqh. The implication, most requests are always granted dispensation, so that it  is as a causative factor of underage marriage.
PROGRESIFITAS FORMULASI HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yasin Mohamad Nur
Published: January 2016

The chronological journey of sharia economic law begin from a level of normative-indicative consisting Quranic verses until to be indicate that there is progressive massively. Each phase appearing indicate the axistance of intensive dialog of civilization and cultur between the law of syariah economic and the law of conventional economic. The intensive-interactive dialog appears a product of new thought reconstructively basing logic of discover (logika temuan baru) and not logic of repetition (logika mengulang-ngulang). In the middle of interconnection of economic, social, politic, and law, the writer  formulates four conceptual phases pharadigmatically representing long journey of syariah economic law begin from syariah era, fiqh era, qânûn era, and qadla era.
PRINSIP KEADILAN DAN KESEIMBANGAN DALAM PENENTUAN NILAI TUKAR BARANG (HARGA) PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DAN HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Nasyiah Iffaty
Published: January 2016

The Law No. 8 of 1999 about Consumer Protection Article 4 letter b said that one of consumer rights, namely the right to select and obtain goods in accordance with the exchange rate. Not found in authentic explanation regarding this exchange rate, if the exchange rate is the exchange rate that is in accordance with the agreement between the seller and the buyer, or in accordance with the production values or the exchange rate that corresponds to the price market, this then raises the question of free interpretation among the businessmen that the exchange rate is determined only by the desire of businessmen and weighing of benefits desired by businesses alone, so that entrepreneurs are allowed to set the exchange rate goods many times from the value of its production. In Islamic law is not found the rules regarding the determination of the limits of this exchange rate, but Islam is a tolerant religion, including in determining the exchange rate as the words of the Prophet Muhammad: "May Allah have mercy to a tolerant person (easy) when it sells, tolerant when buying, tolerant when fulfilling the obligation and tolerant when claiming its rights”. (HR. Bukhari from Jabir)
PERSAMAAN DERAJAT TERHADAP PEMBAGIAN HAK WARIS ANAK DALAM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 46/PUU-VIII/2010
Authors: Abidah Atik
Published: January 2016

This research aims to analyze the equality rights of biological children in the decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 and its legal consequence. This research included in the normative legal research that used a statue approach and case study approach. The research’s data analyzed using preskriptive-analytic methode and hermeneutic methode. The Research’s results showed that the  decision of  Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 expand the interpretation of the concept of nasab from legal  children towards biological children to achieve the equality and the sense of fairness. This verdict also expand the interpretation of the evidence. The relationship between parents and their childrens can be proved with the aid of science and technology. The similarity of DNA / RNA betwen parents and their childern is the ratio legis ('illat al-hukm) that into consideration the biological children acquire the civil rights, including inheritance rights.
‘Safety Matters Have Become Too Important for Management to Leave it Up to the Workers’ –The Nordic OSH Model Between Implicit and Explicit Frameworks
Authors: Dyreborg Johnny
Published: January 2016

In a globalized economy it is relevant to question whether the Nordic Working Environment (WE) model will remain as the basic and implicit framework for the governance of the WE. This paper explores institutional changes in the governance of the WE, and critically examines how a more explicit and market-oriented framework might influence the governance of the WE in the Nordic countries. Firstly, the paper examines the changes in the governance of the WE at the societal level (Denmark) for the period 1954 - 2007, and identifies institutional logics informing these changes. Secondly, the paper examines changes in the governance of the WE at the level of the construction sector, using case material from four of the largest construction projects completed in Denmark in recent years. The analyses reveal three discrete periods, representing distinct logics influencing the governance of the WE, i.e., the logic of the state, the logic of democracy and the logic of the market. The logic of the state and the logic of democracy represent an implicit framework, whereas the logic of the market entails a shift to a more explicit framework. The shift to a more explicit framework for the governance of the WE, is also identified at the level of the construction sector. This leads to a pivotal shift in the clients' and the construction companies' relationship with the institutional environment in the four large construction projects. From worker representatives being the primary stakeholders, to a shift where the fulcrum of the development of the WE lies between management, the state and stakeholders in the companies' environment. This shift opens up a range of new and more market-oriented approaches to the governance of the WE that seems to challenge the extant Nordic WE model.
Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Leg
Authors: Owens Brett D. , Garcia EStephan J. , Alitz Curt J.
Published: January 2016

Surgical release of the anterior and lateral compartments of the lower leg has been shown to relieve the symptoms of chronic exertional compartment syndrome. We utilize a technique that allows the surgeon to perform anterior and lateral compartment fasciotomies through a single incision while safely identifying the superficial peroneal nerve. After positioning the patient supine on the operating table with the operative extremity prepared and draped, anatomic landmarks are identified on the patient’s skin. The major steps of the procedure are (1) identifying the distal end of the fibula, anterior fibular diaphysis, tibial crest, fibular head, and lateral aspect of the patella; (2) drawing the skin incision, beginning 6 to 8 cm proximal to the distal end of the fibula centered between the tibial crest and anterior fibular diaphysis and extending it 6 cm proximally; (3) making a skin incision longitudinally and dissecting the subcutaneous tissue to allow identification of the fascia and superficial peroneal nerve; (4) performing gentle neurolysis; (5) identifying the anterior and lateral compartments, making small incisions in the fascia of each compartment, and then performing fasciotomy of the lateral and then anterior compartments while protecting the superficial peroneal nerve; and (6) irrigating the wound, closing it in layers, and applying a soft, compressive dressing. Postoperatively, the patient is allowed to bear as much weight as he or she can tolerate. Current literature indicates that good-to-excellent outcomes can be expected for 90% to 95% of patients treated with fasciotomy. Military personnel and patients with posterior compartment involvement may have less reliable outcomes.
From Charles Darwin’s comments to the first mention of South American giant fossil birds: Auguste Bravard’s catalogue of fossil species from Argentina (1860) and its significance
Authors: Buffetaut Eric
Published: January 2016

In 1860, the French geologist and palaeontologist Auguste Bravard (1803–1861) circulated a small number of copies of a hand-written and lithographed catalogue of the fossils he had collected in various parts of Argentina over a period of about eight years. Although the existence of this catalogue has been mentioned by various authors, it has never been really published in full. A facsimile reproduction is provided here. The contents of the catalogue and reactions to them are discussed, with special attention to comments in the correspondence between Charles Lyell and Charles Darwin. These comments were largely about Bravard’s identification among his fossils from Argentina of the genera Palaeotherium and Anoplotherium, well known components of the Late Eocene mammal fauna from the Montmartre gypsum, in the Paris Basin. This identification was later shown to be erroneous by Gervais, Burmeister and Ameghino. Bravard’s catalogue also includes what appears to be the first mention of fossil giant ground birds (Phorusrhacidae) in South America.
Découverte du matériel type de Niso eburnea Risso, 1826, espèce type du genre Niso Risso, 1826 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Eulimidae) et implications taxonomiques
Authors: Pacaud Jean-Michel
Published: January 2016

En 1826, Risso a décrit l’espèce Niso eburnea, un gastéropode du Zancléen (Pliocène inférieur) de la Trinité à Nice (Alpes-Maritimes), espèce type de son nouveau genre Niso. Compte tenu des informations souvent inexactes sur l’espèce type du genre NisoRisso, 1826 nous redonnons ici une description et des figures de cette espèce. Par ailleurs, le matériel type de Niso eburneaRisso, 1826, de la collection Risso, considéré comme perdu, a été récemment découvert dans la Collection de Paléontologie du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris. Un lectotype est désigné ici pour fixer le statut de cette espèce.
Book review: Paleoamerican Odyssey
Authors: Frank Ariel David
Published: January 2016

Paleoamerican Odyssey collects 31 papers originally presented at the 2013 Conference by the same name. The book, which provides an up-to-date view of current discussions concerning the initial American peopling, compiles models, reviews of evidence and detailed analyses of sites and archaeological remains. It is organized in five sections. Here, only some chapters will be addressed.
The expressiveness of music
Authors: Sreckovic Sanja
Published: January 2016

The paper deals with the relationship between the art of music and human
emotions, in particular, with the feature of musical works designated in
aesthetic literature as ?expressiveness?. After a short presentation of
several main attempts at explaining the expressiveness of music in analytical
aesthetics, the author offers a clarification of the conceptual confusion
within presented theories, and points out their main difficulties and
deficiencies.
In defence of Socrates: Socrates’ arguments against Thrasymachus’ account of justice
Authors: Deretic Irina
Published: January 2016

It seems that the most prominent interpreters of Plato?s Republic agreed upon
that Socrates? argumentation against Trasymachus is neither satisfying nor
convincing. In this paper, I will attempt to point out what is the validity
and argumentative power of Socrates? refutation of the immoralist account of
justice. His arguments do not only have the refutative value, but they also
provide us with some important general insights into the nature of techne,
ar?te, pleonexia, eudaimonia, etc., as well as with the direction of the
further discussion in the Republic.
Proximal quasi-normal structure in convex metric spaces
Authors: Gabeleh Moosa
Published: January 2016

We consider, in the setting of convex metric spaces, a new class of Kannan type cyclic orbital contractions, and study the existence of its best proximity points. The same problem is then discussed for relatively Kannan nonexpansive mappings, by using the concept of proximal quasi-normal structure. In this way, we extend the main results in Abkar and Gabeleh [A. Abkar and M. Gabeleh, J. Nonlin. Convex Anal. 14 (2013), 653-659].
An introduction to the theory of algebraic multi-hyperring spaces
Authors: Hila Kostaq , Davvaz Bijan
Published: January 2016

A Smarandache multi-space is a union of n different spaces equipped with some different structures for an integer n ≥ 2 which can be used both for discrete or connected spaces, particularly for geometries and spacetimes in theoretical physics. In this paper, applying the Smarandaches notion and combining this with hyperrings in hyperring theory, we introduce the notion of multi-hyperring space and initiate a study of multi-hyperring theory. Some characterizations and properties of multi-hyperring spaces are investigated and obtained. Some open problems are suggested for further study and investigation.
Diameter and girth of Torsion Graph
Authors: Rad P. Malakooti , Yassemi S. , Ghalandarzadeh Sh. , Safari P.
Published: January 2016

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. Let M be an R-module and T (M)* be the set of nonzero torsion elements. The set T(M)* makes up the vertices of the corresponding torsion graph, Γ
R
(M), with two distinct vertices x, y ∈ T(M)* forming an edge if Ann(x) ∩ Ann(y) ≠ 0. In this paper we study the case where the graph Γ
R
(M) is connected with diam(Γ
R
(M)) ≤ 3 and we investigate the relationship between the diameters of Γ
R
(M) and Γ
R
(R). Also we study girth of Γ
R
(M), it is shown that if Γ
R
(M) contains a cycle, then gr(Γ
R
(M)) = 3.
Finite groups in which normality, permutability or Sylow permutability is transitive
Authors: Malinowska Izabela Agata
Published: January 2016

Y. Li gave a characterization of the class of finite soluble groups in which every subnormal subgroup is normal by means of NE-subgroups: a subgroup H of a group G is called an NE-subgroup of G if NG
(H) ∩ HG
= H. We obtain a new characterization of these groups related to the local Wielandt subgroup. We also give characterizations of the classes of finite soluble groups in which every subnormal subgroup is permutable or Sylow permutable in terms of NE-subgroups.
On An Integral Operator
Authors: Pescar Virgil , Breaz Daniel
Published: January 2016

In this paper we define a general integral operator for analytic functions in the open unit disk and we determine some conditions for univalence of this integral operator.
Serum trace metals in Pre-Eclamptic Nigerians
Authors: Ikaraoha Ikechukwu Chidiebere , Mbadiwe Nkeiruka Chigaekwu , Anetor John Ibhagbemien , Ojareva Isreal Agware
Published: January 2016

Background: The role of trace metals in Pathogenesis of Pre-eclampsia has received insufficient attention in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: We examined the effect of serum levels of some trace metals; selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn) in the development of pre-eclampsia in Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 59 pre-eclamptic, 150 normal pregnant and 122 non pregnant women. Serum Se, Zn, Cu, Co and Mn were determined by AAS.Results: Result shows significantly lower serum Se, Zn, Cu, Cu: Zn ratio, Co and Mn in pre-eclamptics compared to normal pregnant women (p<0.001). Comparison of normal pregnant women and controls showed non significant difference in the zinc level (P>0.05), significantly lower levels of serum Se, Co, Mn (p<0.00011, p=0.0022, p<0.0001 respectively) and significantly raised copper level (p<0.001) in normal pregnant women compared to controls.  Serum Se, Zn, Co and Mn were significantly lower (p<0.001) while serum copper and Cu: Zn ratio were significantly higher (p<0.001) in pregnant women compared to controls. ANOVA shows significant progressive decreases in serum Se, Zn Co and Mn, from controls to normal pregnant women and pre-eclamptics (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Decreases in serum level of Se, Zn, Cu, Cu: Zn ratio, Co and Mn may play important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 7(3) 2016 78-83
The Current situation of Child and adolescent psychological problems and intervention in China
Authors: Jiao Wenyan , Liu Lin , Li Rui , Zhao Na
Published: January 2016

In China, the psychological health problems of children and adolescents have been more and more serious recently. The psychological disorders not only have a lot of adverse effects for children and adolescents, but also were an important source of mental disease in adulthood. In order to make more people understand this serious problem, this paper summarized the current situation of child and adolescent mental health problems in China and the risk factors for child and adolescent mental health problems; additionally, the interventions of child and adolescent psychological problems were also reviewed in this paper.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 7(3) 2016 15-17
Intersection Auctions and Reservation-Based Control in Dynamic Traffic Assignment
Authors: Levin Michael W. , Boyles Stephen D.
Published: January 2016

Autonomous vehicle (AV) technology is maturing, and AVs are being test-driven on public roads. A promising intersection control policy, tile-based reservation (TBR), proposed by Dresner and Stone in 2004, could improve intersection capacity beyond the capabilities of optimized traffic signals. Although TBR has been studied in several microsimulation models, it has yet to be analyzed under user equilibrium behavior. In this study, TBR was modeled in the dynamic traffic assignment to draw on the extensive literature on vehicle routing behaviors. With the proposed model, TBR can be computationally simulated on large city networks, with the goal of solving the traffic assignment problem. TBR also arbitrarily prioritizes vehicle movement, and high-value-of-time travelers may be able to gain priority through intersection auctions, as suggested by the literature. An in-depth study of simple intersection auctions found that much of the benefit (over first-come, first-served prioritization) resulted from the randomizing effect of auctions giving larger queues of vehicles greater shares of the intersection capacity.
Optimal Reliability Path Problem on Networks with Random and Correlated Link Travel Times
Authors: Prakash A. Arun , Srinivasan Karthik K.
Published: January 2016

This study addressed the most reliable path problem on stochastic networks with correlated link travel times from general multivariate distributions. Both evaluation and optimization of this problem are difficult because of the absence of closed-form distribution at the path level. For tractability in reliability evaluation, the path reliability objective function was substituted by the standard-score objective with the same mean and variance as the given distribution. However, this simplified proxy objective was difficult to optimize because it was nonlinear in path mean and variance. These difficulties were circumvented by reformulating the problem as a bilevel minimization model, in which the master problem corresponded to the proxy reliability objective, and the subproblem corresponded to the solution of a related minimum robust-cost path problem. The subproblem was easier to solve because it minimized a linear combination of path travel time mean and standard deviation. An effi-cient algorithm was proposed to solve this bilevel model, whose exact and monotonic convergence was established for the proxy objective function. Computational experiments on various test networks demonstrated the robustness of the algorithm under various travel time distributions. The algorithm identified the optimal path in 96% to 99% of the cases with a maximum error of less than 0.5%. The algorithm was also applied with real-world data from an intelligent transportation systems test bed in Chennai, India. The results showed that the most reliable paths varied within the day and from day to day; this result showed potential applications of the algorithm with advanced traveler information systems.
Urban Travel Time Reliability Analysis with Consumer GPS Data
Authors: Li Qianfei , Ma Jingtao , Ghamami Mehrnaz , Nie Yu (Marco)
Published: January 2016

This study explored the use of commercially available consumer GPS data in travel time reliability analyses. Specifically, speed profiles provided by TomTom, Inc., were used to obtain travel time statistics (i.e., means and variances) on nonexpressway road segments in the Chicago, Illinois, metropolitan area. Travel time distributions were then derived for these road segments to complement those obtained from conventional expressway traffic sensor data. The analysis of travel time reliability was based on the theory of stochastic dominance, which attempted to capture the commonality of all individuals who had similar risk-taking preferences. A case study built on this new data source was used to examine ( a) how risk-taking preferences (risk neutrality, risk aversion, and ruin aversion) would lead to different admissible path sets and ( b) how the new data sources would affect the results of travel time reliability analysis.
Finding Least Cost Hyperpaths in Multimodal Transit Networks
Authors: Verbas İ. Ömer , Mahmassani Hani S.
Published: January 2016

This paper presents a least cost hyperpath algorithm that captures the complexities that arise in a transit network because of the number of transfers, the standing and overcrowding penalties, the availability of walking and biking in addition to the transit modes, and the mode-specific limitations such as availability of bike parking. The problem was formulated as a mathematical program, and then a hybrid label setting–correcting algorithm was proposed as a solution. The multi-modal time- and approach-dependent algorithm does not require spatial or temporal expansion of the network; this feature results in good computational performance for large-scale applications. Scenario runs performed on the large-scale Chicago Transit Authority network, in Illinois, validate the accuracy and performance of the algorithm.
Decision Support System for a Real-Time Field Service Engineer Scheduling Problem with Emergencies and Collaborations
Authors: Grzybowska Hanna , Gretton Charles , Kilby Philip , Waller S. Travis
Published: January 2016

Repeated replanning with a heuristic for solving a type of vehicle routing problem was used in a dynamic routing and scheduling problem. This problem occurs when field service engineers are assigned a sequence of jobs to attend. The jobs are geographically distributed, and not all jobs to be undertaken are known in advance of planning. This dynamic occurrence of job requests is stochastic. Jobs are assigned an emergency level, which is highest for repair jobs involving a person in danger. In addition, some jobs require two engineers; such jobs are referred to as collaborative. The presented approach reschedules the pending jobs in an event-driven manner (i.e., every time a new repair job is required). The event-driven scheduling process ensures that jobs of high importance, with a high emergency level, are completed promptly. This approach to event-driven replanning will allow companies to plan for real-world scenarios with significantly fewer resources than are used in practice.
The Biotransformation of Some Steroids by Aspergillus Sydowii MRC 200653
Authors: Yildirim Kudret , Kuru Ali
Published: January 2016

The incubation of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone and pregnenolone with Aspergillus sydowii MRC 200653 is reported. Testosterone was mainly hydroxylated at C-6β and to a minor extent at C-14α and C −15α. Most of dehydroepiandrosterone was metabolised by a 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 isomerase activity and then hydroxylated at C-6β. The remaining dehydroepiandrosterone was only hydroxylated at C-7β or C-7α. Both progesterone and pregnenolone were mainly hydroxylated at C-11α and C-15β and to a minor extent at C-6β and C-7β. The same metabolites were recovered from both biotransformations.
Novel core in cup (In-lay) tablets of lamotrigine for mucoadhesive drug delivery system
Authors: Srinija K. , Lakshmi P.K.
Published: January 2016

Lamotrigine a BCS class II drug used in treatment of epilepsy has several disadvantages when taken orally (first pass metabolism and increased Cmax). The aim of the study is to design core in cup (In lay) buccoadhesive tablets which aims for controlled, unidirectional release, increased patient compliance and decreased side effects. The present study involves the preparation of core in cup tablets containing release retarding polymers like sodium alginate, xanthan gum and HPMC E 15LV in core and HPMC K 15M in cup for mucoadhesion. L9 orthogonal array Taguchi design was constructed for the study. The dependent variable studied for L9 orthogonal array Taguchi runs include % drug release from which the formulation with highest S/N ratio was optimized. All the runs were evaluated for physical parameters, drug release, mucoadhesive studies and assay. L1, L2, L4 and L8 formulations showed controlled release for up-to 8 hours with good assay values. The model dependent kinetics showed zero order kinetics with super case II transport and Hixson Crowell mechanism which indicates unidirectional drug release.Srinija and Lakshmi, International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, January 2016, 5(2): 9-13
A Violent Threat to Conservation of Wetlands and the Existing Laws of Bangladesh: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Haq Tahmina
Published: January 2016

In Bangladesh, wetlands are nursing areas for fresh water species. The freshwater wetlands have been considered an inexhaustible source of its wealth, but are now overexploited and undervalued. Sound wetlands could contribute to a healthy and sustainable economic condition. The focal point of this article is to conserve natural resources with special attention to the freshwater wetlands. Even the ponds or reservoirs under the private ownership except certain circumstances would come within the term conservation of wetlands, though the personal rights and enjoyments are being hampered. Therefore, the wetlands should be utilized for welfare of the people by protecting those from ruination and preserving biodiversity through proper and time-befitting work plans. Moreover, the article contains a broad discussion of current laws regarding the conservation of wetlands. But very unfortunately, there is no specific provision of law for the sustainability of such wetlands, but to declare ecologically critical area while in a vulnerable situation.Philosophy and Progress, Vol#53-54; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2013
Nature and the Non-human in Andrea Arnold'sWuthering Heights
Authors: Lawrence Michael
Published: January 2016

This article examines the representation of the natural environment and its non-human inhabitants in Andrea Arnold's 2011 film version of Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights. Arnold's ‘post-heritage’ adaptation, I argue, offers a post-humanist distribution of attention that, in its expansive interest in flora and fauna, exceeds the perspectives of its human protagonists, challenges popular ideas about the novel and subverts the conventions of mainstream narrative cinema. The film's intensely ecological and environmental orientation functions not only to divide our attention across human and non-human realms but also to counter nostalgic and ultimately ideological idealisations of ‘white’ and ‘English’ natural landscapes and rural lifestyles. Such idealisations have been extrapolated from Brontë’s novel, have informed earlier film adaptations and continue to have a material impact on the geographical region popularly known as ‘Brontë country’.
Microarray Evaluation of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Escherichia coli Isolates from Portuguese Poultry
Authors: Mendonça Nuno , Figueiredo Rui , Mendes Catarina , Card Roderick , Anjum Muna , Da Silva Gabriela
Published: January 2016

The presence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors of 174 Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy Portuguese Gallus gallus was evaluated. Resistance profiles were determined against 33 antimicrobials by microbroth dilution. Resistance was prevalent for tetracycline (70%) and ampicillin (63%). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype was observed in 18% of the isolates. Multidrug resistance was found in 56% of isolates. A subset of 74 isolates were screened by DNA microarrays for the carriage of 88 antibiotic resistance genes and 62 virulence genes. Overall, 37 different resistance genes were detected. The most common were tet(A) (72%), blaTEM (68%), and sul1 (47%), while 21% isolates harbored an ESBL gene (blaCTX-M group 1, group 2, or group 9). Of these, 96% carried the increased serum survival (iss) virulence gene, while 89% presented the enterobactin siderophore receptor protein (iroN), 70% the temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh), and 68% the long polar fimbriae (lpfA) virulence genes associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. In conclusion, prevalence of antibiotic resistant E. coli from the microbiota of Portuguese chickens was high, including to extended spectrum cephalosporins. The majority of isolates seems to have the potential to trigger extraintestinal human infection due to the presence of some virulence genes. However, the absence of genes specific for enteropathogenic E. coli reduces the risk for human intestinal infection.
Nonlinear Adaptive Rotational Speed Control Design and Experiment of the Propeller of an Electric Micro Air Vehicle
Authors: Sheng Shouzhao , Sun Chenwu
Published: January 2016

Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) driven by electric propellers are of interest for military and civilian applications. The rotational speed control of such electric propellers is an important factor for improving the flight performance of the vehicles, such as their positioning accuracy and stability. Therefore, this paper presents a nonlinear adaptive control scheme for the electric propulsion system of a certain MAV, which can not only speed up the convergence rates of adjustable parameters, but can also ensure the overall stability of the adjustable parameters. The significant improvement of the dynamic tracking accuracy of the rotational speed can be easily achieved through the combination of the proposed control algorithm and linear control methods. The experimental test results have also demonstrated the positive effect of the nonlinear adaptive control scheme on the flight performance of the MAV.
Glutaminase Increases in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons after Unilateral Adjuvant-Induced Hind Paw Inflammation
Authors: Hoffman E. , Zhang Zijia , Schechter Ruben , Miller Kenneth
Published: January 2016

Glutamate is a neurotransmitter used at both the peripheral and central terminals of nociceptive primary sensory neurons, yet little is known concerning regulation of glutamate metabolism during peripheral inflammation. Glutaminase (GLS) is an enzyme of the glutamate-glutamine cycle that converts glutamine into glutamate for neurotransmission and is implicated in producing elevated levels of glutamate in central and peripheral terminals. A potential mechanism for increased levels of glutamate is an elevation in GLS expression. We assessed GLS expression after unilateral hind paw inflammation by measuring GLS immunoreactivity (ir) with quantitative image analysis of L4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons after one, two, four, and eight days of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) compared to saline injected controls. No significant elevation in GLS-ir occurred in the DRG ipsilateral to the inflamed hind paw after one or two days of AIA. After four days AIA, GLS-ir was elevated significantly in all sizes of DRG neurons. After eight days AIA, GLS-ir remained elevated in small (<400 µm2), presumably nociceptive neurons. Western blot analysis of the L4 DRG at day four AIA confirmed the elevated GLS-ir. The present study indicates that GLS expression is increased in the chronic stage of inflammation and may be a target for chronic pain therapy.