bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Social Responsibility in Emerging Economies
Authors: Khatun Ayesha , Dar Sajad Nabi
Published: January 2020

India, a developing and the second largest populated country in the world after China, is characterized by many burning issues like unemployment, low literacy, lack of modern medical facilities mainly in rural areas, lack of connectivity of the rural areas with the mainland cities, and the like. Although government has been working on all these issues and has been very much successful, it is not possible for the government alone to solve all the issues in such a vast populated country in a desired period of time. Amidst such situation, it is the corporate sector that can play a bigger role in the development of the society through its CSR initiatives. This chapter attempts to study corporate social responsibility, its role and issues in a developing country with special reference to India. The findings show that lack of understanding, inadequately trained personnel, lack of proper policy making, lack of participation of the local people, and so on affects the reach and effectiveness of CSR programs in India.
Mandatory Corporate Social Responsibility and After That?
Authors: Lathabhavan Remya
Published: January 2020

India became the first country in the world to have a mandatory CSR contribution legislation in 2014. This mandate every qualifying company must spend at least 2% of its average net profit on CSR activities. This chapter analyses these following aspects of CSR. First, it describes Sustainable Development, CSR, and its relevance across the world. Second, it explores the prevailing CSR models and models used in India. Third, it discusses the importance of CSR in India, mandatory CSR, and its provisions. Fourth, it analyses the response of Indian corporates on SDGs in terms of their contribution. Fifth, it analyses existing Socially Responsible Investing strategies in India and their scope. Finally, it analyses the current scenario after mandatory CSR, considering the CSR contributions from different corporates. Such discussion is essential for a country like India, an emerging economy with diverse groups with non-aligned social, cultural, economic, and environmental backgrounds.
Artificial Intelligent Embedded Doctor (AIEDr.)
Authors: Das Sumit , Sanyal Manas Kumar , Datta Debamoy
Published: January 2020

This article focuses on the development of a diagnostic model for low back pain management, a mathematical model describing the cause of the disease and an inclusive hardware implementation with artificial intelligence (AI). It has been observed that the greater part of the people in developing countries cannot afford the cost of this treatment due to low financial status. Moreover, a continuous assessment is not made for continuous monitoring of the patient's status. The problem of back pain develops slowly and if some early assessments can be made, then the treatment becomes effective. The proposed method developed in this article is based on galvanic skin response (GSR). GSR is used to monitor the pain of the patients and a modified back-pain management algorithm is used for tackling the correlation between stress and pain. The system continuously monitors the condition of a patient and if any symptoms of low back pain (LBP) develop, it immediately diagnoses diseases and chronic pains, and it recommends going to a doctor.
Research Methodology for Microwave-Convective Processing of Grain
Authors: Vasiliev Aleksey N. , Goryachkina V.P. , Budnikov Dmitry
Published: January 2020

Studying the effect of microwave fields on the intensification of heat and moisture exchange processes in a granular layer is a rather complicated task, which cannot be effectively solved without an adequate research methodology. In presented materials, a system of principles and approaches for studying processes of microwave-convective grain treatment has been discussed. Based on the explicitly defined process target, functional-physical analysis has been performed that made it possible to specify the most essential factors of process. Morphological analysis of processes shall be performed in several stages. At each stage, targets of process have to be set by excluding combinations of factors that have no reason to be considered at this particular stage of process development. Application of mathematical simulation methods is advisable for selection of optimal options.
How Should Data Science Education Be?
Authors: Gürsakal Necmi , Ozkan Ecem , Yılmaz Fırat Melih , Oktay Deniz
Published: January 2020

The interest in data science is increasing in recent years. Data science, including mathematics, statistics, big data, machine learning, and deep learning, can be considered as the intersection of statistics, mathematics and computer science. Although the debate continues about the core area of data science, the subject is a huge hit. Universities have a high demand for data science. They are trying to live up to this demand by opening postgraduate and doctoral programs. Since the subject is a new field, there are significant differences between the programs given by universities in data science. Besides, since the subject is close to statistics, most of the time, data science programs are opened in the statistics departments, and this also causes differences between the programs. In this article, we will summarize the data science education developments in the world and in Turkey specifically and how data science education should be at the graduate level.
Photovoltaic Solar Modules of Different Types and Designs for Energy Supply
Authors: Panchenko Vladimir , Izmailov Andrey , Kharchenko Valeriy , Lobachevskiy Yakov
Published: January 2020

The article presents photovoltaic solar modules that have a different design and purpose. The principles of photoconversion in solar cells, materials used in their manufacture and basic characteristics of solar cells are described. Solar cells of amorphous silicon and two-sided solar cells are considered. Photovoltaic planar and matrix solar modules with extended lifetime are presented. Solar tiles and compact folding photovoltaic solar modules, as well as paraboloid concentrator of solar radiation for solar cogeneration plants are presented. Also considered cascade solar cells and solar modules with the decomposition of the light. The considered photovoltaic solar modules are investigated and manufactured in the All-Russian Research Institute of Electrification of Agriculture and Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russia.
Scene-Based Priors for Bayesian Semantic Image Segmentation
Authors: Menart Christopher , Davis James W. , Akbar Muhammad N. , Ilin Roman
Published: January 2020

Based on the observation that semantic segmentation errors are partially predictable, this study proposes a compact formula using the confusion statistics of a trained classifier to refine (re-estimate) the initial label hypotheses. The proposed strategy is contingent upon computing the classifier confusion probabilities for a given dataset and estimating a relevant prior on the object classes present in the image to be classified. This study provides a procedure to robustly estimate the confusion probabilities and explore multiple prior definitions. Experiments are shown comparing performances on multiple challenging datasets using different priors to improve a state-of-the-art semantic segmentation classifier. The study demonstrates the potential to significantly improve semantic labeling and motivates future work for reliable label prior estimation from images.
A Survey of Authentication Schemes in the Internet of Things
Authors: Labiod Yasmine , Korba Abdelaziz Amara , Ghoualmi-Zine Nacira
Published: January 2020

In the recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely deployed in different daily life aspects such as home automation, electronic health, the electric grid, etc. Nevertheless, the IoT paradigm raises major security and privacy issues. To secure the IoT devices, many research works have been conducted to counter those issues and discover a better way to remove those risks, or at least reduce their effects on the user's privacy and security requirements. This article mainly focuses on a critical review of the recent authentication techniques for IoT devices. First, this research presents a taxonomy of the current cryptography-based authentication schemes for IoT. In addition, this is followed by a discussion of the limitations, advantages, objectives, and attacks supported of current cryptography-based authentication schemes. Finally, the authors make in-depth study on the most relevant authentication schemes for IoT in the context of users, devices, and architecture that are needed to secure IoT environments and that are needed for improving IoT security and items to be addressed in the future.
Protecting Civilians from Cyber Warfare with Cyber Buffer Zones
Authors: Robinson Michael , Maglaras Leandros , Jones Kevin , Janicke Helge
Published: January 2020

Cyber peacekeeping has quickly risen in prominence as a viable way to regulate the impact cyber warfare has upon civilian security. In this article, the concept of a cyber buffer zone is explored, and proposals are made on how it could be used to further the goals of a cyber peacekeeping operation. The article suggests what the goals of a cyber buffer zone could be, and translates the activities of a traditional UN buffer zone into a cyber warfare context. It is shown that many of the activities translate well, and that there is true value to be found in a cyber buffer zone. Whilst valuable, it is noted that many challenges await those tasked with implementing such an idea. However, by beginning the debate today the authors can give peacekeeping organisations and the international community as a whole the best opportunity to be prepared for what cyber warfare will bring.
Examining the Inter-relationships of UTAUT Constructs in Mobile Internet Use in India and Germany
Authors: Jacob Jayanth , Pattusamy Murugan
Published: January 2020

The authors have tested the relationships between UTAUT constructs and the behavioral intention to use mobile internet technology with samples drawn from India and Germany. They have also tested the moderating role of age, gender, and user experience between UTAUT constructs and behavioral intention using hierarchical regression analysis. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS SEM) was used to test the UTAUT without moderating effects. The results show that UTAUT constructs influence behavioral intention. Behavioral intention also predicts the use of technology. Empirical evidence was established for the UTAUT model based on the samples from both countries. “Experience of use” moderated the relationship between effort expectancy and behavioral intention in the Indian sample. The last section of the article discusses the contributions of this research to theory, its practical implications, limitations, and the scope for future research.
The Cauchy Problem for Thermoelastic Plates with Two Temperatures
Authors: Racke Reinhard , Ueda Yoshihiro
Published: January 2020

We consider the decay rates of solutions to thermoelastic systems in materials where, in contrast to classical thermoelastic models for Kirchhoff type plates, two temperatures are involved, related by an elliptic equation. The arising initial value problems deal with systems of partial differential equations involving Schrödinger like equations, hyperbolic and elliptic equations. Depending on the model – with Fourier or with Cattaneo type heat conduction – we obtain polynomial decay rates without or with regularity loss. This way we obtain another example where the loss of regularity in the Cauchy problem corresponds to the loss of exponential stability in bounded domains. The well-posedness is done using semigroup theory in appropriate space reflecting the different regularity compared to the classical single temperature case, and the (optimal) decay estimates are obtained with sophisticated pointwise estimates in Fourier space.
Intenção, polidez e relevância enunciativa: gramaticalização na construção querer+infinitivo em língua espanhola
Authors: Oliveira André Silva , Prata Nadja Paulino Pessoa
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a descrição e análise da construção querer+infinitivo, tendo por base o processo de gramaticalização no Componente Gramatical (HENGEVELD, 2017). Para isso, constituímos um córpus com base nos discursos de investidura de dois candidatos a primeiro ministro do governo espanhol. Em termos gerais, verificamos que a construção querer+infinitivo opera tanto na camada da Propriedade Configuracional (Nível Representacional), funcionando como um modalizador volitivo, sendo empregada para manifestar as intenções do falante; quanto na camada do Ato Discursivo (Nível Interpessoal), em que atua como um elemento discursivo ao expressar polidez e cortesia ou na manifestação da relevância enunciativa daquilo que a construção escopa a partir do contexto de interação.
"Sou Pombagira de Umbanda, não me conhece quem não quer...": Imagens de Pombagira na MPB
Authors: De Carvalho Aleksandra Stambowisky , Giorgi Maria Cristina , Arantes Poliana Coeli Costa
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo temos como objetivo analisar modos de produção de sentidos em torno da construção da imagem de figura muito conhecida nas religiões afro-brasileiras, a Pombagira. Para tanto, discutimos três canções da Música Popular Brasileira, bastante citadas nos terreiros de Umbanda, partindo de uma perspectiva dialógica e polifônica de linguagem (BAKHTIN, 2011). Observamos que as imagens configuradas pelas letras das canções produzem lugar  que desqualifica a figura da Pombagira, sobretudo porque a ela se inscrevem sentidos depreciativos que, ao denunciar sua não hegemonia, confirmam a hegemonia de outrem, uma vez que a linguagem produz relações e não atributos.
Esfera jurídica em destaque: Um olhar sobre o gênero petição inicial
Authors: Pires Jokasta Neves , Pereira Márcia Helena De Melo
Published: January 2020

Com base na importância que o Direito possui para a sociedade, uma vez que, de uma forma ou de outra, encontra-se presente na história dos indivíduos, é relevante conhecermos melhor os gêneros discursivos da esfera jurídica. Nesse sentido, nosso objetivo é investigar um desses gêneros, a petição inicial, tendo em vista seus aspectos temáticos, composicionais e estilísticos. Para tanto, recolhemos 25 exemplares de petições iniciais no site oficial do Tribunal de Justiça de Bahia (TJ/BA), escritas por advogados diferentes. Em relação ao conceito de gêneros discursivos, utilizamos, como fundamento teórico, a Filosofia da Linguagem de Bakhtin (2003). Na seara jurídica, valemo-nos de teóricos como Didier (2015), de manuais de Direito e do Código de Processo Civil brasileiro (CPC) – (Lei nº 13.105/2015). A partir de nossas análises, constatamos que a petição inicial é um gênero rígido, bastante padronizado e com poucas possibilidades de entradas individuais.
A leitura como encontro da outra palavra e da palavra outra: Proposições teórico-metodológicas para o trabalho docente em língua portuguesa
Authors: Irigoite Josa Coelho , Machado Marielly Agatha
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como tema formação de leitores na educação básica e se organiza com o objetivo de promover proposições teórico-epistemológicas que sirvam de ancoragem para práticas metodológicas desenvolvidas por professores de Língua Portuguesa. Partindo da concepção de encontro (PONZIO, 2010), propõe-se trabalhar a leitura nas duas dimensões que a integram: intrassubjetiva e intersubjetiva. A ancoragem teórica é histórico-cultural, partindo da psicologia da linguagem de Lev Vigotski e da filosofia da linguagem de Bakhtin. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de enfoque documental, cuja geração de dados incluiu análise de excertos de pesquisas do Grupo de Pesquisa Cultura Escrita e Escolarização, vinculado à Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, e documentos parametrizadores da educação. Os resultados compõem a proposição de um encaminhamento teórico-epistemológico materializado em um diagrama de Integração Didática, a partir do qual é possível desenvolver um trabalho com leitura que dê conta dos níveis social e linguístico do texto-enunciado.
Linguística popular - a linguística ‘fora do templo’: Definição, geografia e dimensões
Authors: Achard-Bayle Guy , Paveau Marie-Anne
Published: January 2020

Neste texto, tomando basicamente um conjunto de trabalhos publicados inicialmente na revista francesa Pratiques: linguistique, littérature e didactique, número 139/140, em dezembro de 2008, discorremos sobre o estado da arte da linguística popular no contexto norte-americano e europeu. Objetivamos também, para além do mapeamento proposto, realizar uma espécie de exposição conceitual da linguística popular, contribuindo para o tratamento desse campo de estudos a partir de questões de natureza epistemológica, teórica, representacional e prática, que, no nosso entendimento, são fundamentais para que o campo da ciência da linguagem seja alçado a um dinamismo seguro sem binarismos de qualquer natureza.
Crenças linguísticas de falantes do dialeto caipira: Em torno das dimensões prática e representacional da linguística popular
Authors: Baronas Joyce Elaine de Almeida , Bonacin Ligiane Aparecida
Published: January 2020

Este artigo objetiva apresentar crenças linguísticas de falantes do dialeto caipira a respeito de seu próprio falar. Trata-se da análise de julgamentos a respeito de traços descontínuos característicos do falar rural, os quais sofrem estigma social e que merecem maior cuidado, pois poderiam ser estudados na busca da origem do dialeto caipira, o que muito auxiliaria no abrandamento do preconceito linguístico a ele atrelado, visto que muitos dos traços deste dialeto constituem as marcas das influências de outras línguas no processo de colonização do país.  Assim, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos a respeito de crenças e atitudes linguísticas, será abordado esse tipo de prática linguística dos informantes participantes deste estudo com o propósito de refletir sobre tais crenças.
Comparative Analysis of Palygorskite Samples From Different Occurrences in Guadalupe (Piauí, Brazil)
Authors: Cristina de Assis Tainara , Cerqueda Marcelle , Gimenes Souza Cristiane , Caroline Jesus Tammy , Bertrand Marçano Giullia , Mayara Arguelles Simões Karla , Viana Rodrigues Patrícia , Paula Paz Furlanetto Rayssa , Oliveira Almeida dos Anjos Nathalia , Caroline da Silveira Nascimento Luana , de Lemos Novo Bruna , Arruda Nogueira Gomes da Silva Fernanda , Veronesi Marinho Pontes Fernanda , Spinelli Luciana , Yokoyama Lídia , Napoli Barbato Carla , Matheus Joaquim Salgado Campos Victor , Gomes Teixeira Viviane , Manoel dos Santos Garrido Francisco , Carlos Bertolino Luiz
Published: January 2020

Palygorskite is a clay mineral that has several industrial and environmental applications. Palygorskite main deposits in Brazil are located in the municipality of Guadalupe, Piauí. A comparative study was performed with five samples of palygorskite from different locations through ore dressing and chemical and mineralogical characterization, using the XRD, XRF and methylene blue titration techniques. According to the results, there are significant differences in the samples composition. Among them, the most significant difference was the cation exchange capacity (CEC) value, which ranged from 24.0 to 41.0 meq.100 g-1, followed by the content of some oxides and the crystalline phases present. Despite coming from the same region, the samples contained distinct impurities.
Silane-Based Hybrid Coatings for the Corrosion Protection of AA 2024-T3 Alloy
Authors: Diane Pereira Martins Brenda , de Campos Barbieri Laís , Alvarenga Coutinho Silva Amanda , Serafim Goulart Naiana , Batista Rivero Garcia Renata , de Simone Cividanes Luciana , Yoshie Kawachi Elizabete
Published: January 2020

In order to contribute to the corrosion protection of aluminum alloys, silane-based hybrid coatings have been widely studied in the aerospace industry for their good adhesion to aluminum substrates, compatibility with organic paintings and to protect the underlying material, in addition to being much less toxic than the commonly used chromatization process. In this work, hybrid and inorganic sol-gel coatings were evaluated as corrosion inhibitor films for AA2024-T3 alloy. The films were characterized by linear polarization resistance (LPR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which indicated that these coatings provide a lower tendency for the substrate corrosion.
Electron spin resonance (ESR) thermochronometry of the Hida range of the Japanese Alps: validation and future potential
Authors: King Georgina E. , Tsukamoto Sumiko , Herman Frédéric , Biswas Rabiul H. , Sueoka Shigeru , Tagami Takahiro
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The electron spin resonance (ESR) of quartz has previously been
shown to have potential for determining rock cooling histories; however, this
technique remains underdeveloped. In this study, we explore the ESR of a
suite of samples from the Hida range of the Japanese Alps. We develop
measurement protocols and models to constrain the natural trapped-charge
concentration as well as the parameters that govern signal growth and signal
thermal decay. The thermal stability of the Al and Ti centres is similar to
that of the luminescence of feldspar. Inverting the ESR data for cooling
yields similar thermal histories to paired luminescence data from the same
samples. However, a series of synthetic inversions shows that whereas the
luminescence of feldspar can only resolve minimum cooling histories of
∼160 ∘C Myr−1 over timescales of 103−5 years,
quartz ESR may resolve cooling histories as low as 25–50 ∘C Myr−1
over timescales of 103−7 years. This difference arises because quartz ESR
has a higher dating limit than the luminescence of feldspar. These results
imply that quartz ESR will be widely applicable in the constraint of
late-stage rock cooling histories, providing new insights into landscape
evolution over late Quaternary timescales.
Concentration Trajectory Route of Air pollution with an Integrated Lagrangian model (C-TRAIL model v1.0) derived from the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling (CMAQ model v5.2)
Authors: Pouyaei Arman , Choi Yunsoo , Jung Jia , Sadeghi Bavand , Song Chul Han
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This paper introduces a reliable and comprehensive Lagrangian output (Concentration Trajectory Route of Air pollution with Integrated Lagrangian model, C-TRAIL version 1.0) from an Eulerian air quality model for validating the source-receptor link by following real polluted air masses. To investigate the concentrations and trajectories of air masses simultaneously, we implement the trajectory-grid (TG) Lagrangian advection scheme in the CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality) Eulerian model version 5.2. The TG algorithm follows the concentrations of representative air packets of species along trajectories determined by the wind field. The generated output from C-TRAIL accurately identifies the origins of pollutants. For validation, we analyzed the results of C-TRAIL during the KORUS-AQ campaign over South Korea. Initially, we implemented C-TRAIL in a simulation of CO concentrations with an emphasis on the long- and short-range transport effect. The output from C-TRAIL reveals that local trajectories were responsible for CO concentrations over Seoul during the stagnant period (May 17–22, 2016) and during the extreme pollution period (May 25–28, 2016), highly polluted air masses from China were distinguished as sources of CO transported to the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). We conclude that long-range transport played a crucial role in high CO concentrations over the receptor area during this period. Furthermore, for May 2016, we find that the potential sources of CO over that SMA were the result of either local transport or long-range transport from the Shandong Peninsula and, in some cases, from north of the SMA. By identifying the trajectories of CO concentrations, one can use the results from C-TRAIL to directly link strong potential sources of pollutants to a receptor in specific regions during various time frames.
Inter-annual variability of the global terrestrial water cycle
Authors: Yin Dongqin , Roderick Michael L.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Variability of the terrestrial water cycle, i.e. precipitation (P),
evapotranspiration (E), runoff (Q) and water storage change (ΔS) is the
key to understanding hydro-climate extremes. However, a comprehensive global
assessment for the partitioning of variability in P between E, Q and ΔS is still not available. In this study, we use the recently released global
monthly hydrologic reanalysis product known as the Climate Data Record (CDR)
to conduct an initial investigation of the inter-annual variability of the
global terrestrial water cycle. We first examine global patterns in
partitioning the long-term mean P‾ between the various sinks
E‾, Q‾ and ΔS‾ and confirm the well-known
patterns with P‾ partitioned between E‾ and Q‾
according to the aridity index. In a new analysis based on the concept of
variability source and sinks we then examine how variability in the
precipitation σP2 (the source) is partitioned between the
three variability sinks σE2, σQ2 and σΔS2 along with the three relevant covariance terms, and how
that partitioning varies with the aridity index. We find that the
partitioning of inter-annual variability does not simply follow the mean
state partitioning. Instead we find that σP2 is mostly
partitioned between σQ2, σΔS2 and the
associated covariances with limited partitioning to σE2. We
also find that the magnitude of the covariance components can be large and
often negative, indicating that variability in the sinks (e.g. σQ2, σΔS2) can, and regularly does, exceed
variability in the source (σP2). Further investigations under
extreme conditions revealed that in extremely dry environments the variance
partitioning is closely related to the water storage capacity. With limited
storage capacity the partitioning of σP2 is mostly to σE2, but as the storage capacity increases the partitioning of σP2 is increasingly shared between σE2, σΔS2 and the covariance between those variables. In other environments
(i.e. extremely wet and semi-arid–semi-humid) the variance partitioning
proved to be extremely complex and a synthesis has not been developed. We
anticipate that a major scientific effort will be needed to develop a
synthesis of hydrologic variability.
On the representation of water reservoir storage and operations in large-scale hydrological models: implications on model parameterization and climate change impact assessments
Authors: Dang Thanh Duc , Chowdhury A. F. M. Kamal , Galelli Stefano
Published: January 2020

Abstract. During the past decades, the increased impact of anthropogenic interventions on river basins has prompted hydrologists to develop various approaches for representing human–water interactions in large-scale hydrological and land surface models. The simulation of water reservoir storage and operations has received particular attention, owing to the ubiquitous presence of dams. Yet, little is known about (1) the effect of the representation of water reservoirs on the parameterization of hydrological models, and, therefore, (2) the risks associated with potential flaws in the calibration process. To fill in this gap, we contribute a computational framework based on the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model and a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, which we use to calibrate VIC's parameters. An important feature of our framework is a novel variant of VIC's routing model that allows us to simulate the storage dynamics of water reservoirs. Using the upper Mekong river basin as a case study, we calibrate two instances of VIC – with and without reservoirs. We show that both model instances have the same accuracy in reproducing daily discharges (over the period 1996–2005), a result attained by the model without reservoirs by adopting a parameterization that compensates for the absence of these infrastructures. The first implication of this flawed parameter estimation stands in a poor representation of key hydrological processes, such as surface runoff, infiltration, and baseflow. To further demonstrate the risks associated with the use of such a model, we carry out a climate change impact assessment (for the period 2050–2060), for which we use precipitation and temperature data retrieved from five global circulation models (GCMs) and two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). Results show that the two model instances (with and without reservoirs) provide different projections of the minimum, maximum, and average monthly discharges. These results are consistent across both RCPs. Overall, our study reinforces the message about the correct representation of human–water interactions in large-scale hydrological models.
Implementación de un entorno virtual en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje-investigación de la asignatura “Histotecnología III”
Authors: Nuñez Rodríguez José Antonio , Merchor Manaure Gustavo Adolfo
Published: January 2020

El presente estudio describe la experiencia en la implementación del entorno virtual de aprendizaje en la asignatura “Histotecnología III” del Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Forenses de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Universidad de Carabobo, para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje-investigación de los estudiantes de la carrera de Histotecnología. Mediante un nivel descriptivo y un diseño explicativo secuencial, se obtuvo que el uso de los entornos virtuales de aprendizajes permite desarrollar competencias tecnológicas e investigativas cuando se complementan con las actividades presenciales, resaltando la importancia del diseño de recursos pertinentes que motiven a los estudiantes y promuevan la autogestión del conocimiento, el aprendizaje significativo y colaborativo. Los entornos virtuales deben abrir paso a una formación integral, apoyando la enseñanza presencial en beneficio del aprendizaje de las ciencias morfológicas y en particular de la histotecnología.
Factores psicológicos asociados a la práctica del sexting en jóvenes del Departamento de Estelí
Authors: González Ruíz Yuridia Antonia , Martínez Morazán Wendy Mercedes , Calderón Sánchez Cristhel Pastora , Solís Zúniga Franklin
Published: January 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores psicológicos asociados a la práctica del sexting en jóvenes entre las edades de 20-30 años, del Departamento de Estelí, período 2018-2019. Investigación de tipo mixto, y de corte transversal. Los participantes fueron 10 jóvenes pertenecientes del Departamento de Estelí, que practican sexting y que tuvieran disponibilidad de colaborar con la investigación. Los principales resultados muestran que estos jóvenes practican sexting porque les piden el contenido (mensajes sexuales, eróticos, o pornográficos) para mejorar la intimidad con su pareja, todos son personas ansiosas, algunos con autoestima no adecuada, dependientes y sumisas, otros socialmente estables, independientes, extrovertidos y algunos de ellos con carencia afectiva que puede influir en esta práctica. El estudio concluye que las principales motivaciones para practicar sexting es porque les piden el contenido sexual, erótico o pornográfico, mejoran la intimidad con la pareja y los excita, distrae y satisface, son todos ansiosos, unos dependientes, extrovertidos, tenaces; y otros introvertidos, independientes y susceptibles. Aunque la carencia afectiva no está presente en todos los participantes del estudio, en quienes se encontró presencia es un factor influyente ya que, al no tener amor y atención de sus padres en las etapas primordiales, buscan el amor, atención, aceptación y satisfacción en otras personas mediante sus dispositivos móviles. Se proponen recomendaciones a quienes practican sexting, futuros investigadores, colegas Psicólogos y al núcleo educativo.
Enfermedad de Chagas Congénito: Presentación de caso clínico
Authors: Romero Luis , Arita Iliana , Martínez Angie , Alas Cesar
Published: January 2020

El agente etiológico de la enfermedad de Chagas es un protozoario parásito (Tripanosoma Cruzi) que causa una infección aguda y crónica, en humanos. La extensión del daño varía de acuerdo a las cepas parasitarias y características individuales del huésped; puede causar incapacidad y muerte. Han sido descritas diferentes vías de infección: vectorial, transfusional, accidental, digestiva y congénita. Esta última vía de la infección depende de dos indicadores básicos, la prevalencia de gestantes chagásicas e incidencia de la transmisión vertical. El diagnóstico presenta un desafío en aquellos lugares del país en donde, si bien la enfermedad es considerada endémica, no se realiza actualmente el screening obligatorio en la embarazada. Es importante saber que el tratamiento antes del primer año de vida tiene una excelente respuesta y evita secuelas crónicas que pueden ser invalidantes en etapa adulta.
Over zelfredzame burgers gesproken
Authors: van Rooij Harrie , van Wessel Margit , Aarts Noelle
Published: January 2020

Speaking of self reliant citizens

The concept of self-reliant citizens reflects an ideology of citizenship that is multiple and flexible. It could be regarded as a ‘plastic’ word, malleable and adjustable according to convictions, needs and purposes. This study shows the importance of considering the way in which ideological views on citizenship are transferred, adjusted and enacted in an organizational context. On the basis of a case study at the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (DTCA), we contribute to knowledge on the way processes of framing interrelate on micro, meso and macro levels. We found that frames on self-reliance are enacted in a way that tensions and dilemmas are neutralized or reduced. In a dynamic context of conflicting goals and limited resources, DTCA-employees create meanings of self-reliance which legitimate practices and policies. By doing this they reproduce both organizational and social perspectives. Accounts of citizenship play an important role in this process. Self-reliant citizens are presented as active and responsible. The need of help is imagined as a normal and yet an atypical situation. This study promotes attention to the possibility that organizational systems reproduce perspectives in a way that alternative views remain unnoticed, whereas organizational choices are silently accepted as natural facts.
Zagadnienia dotyczące Funduszu Wyborczego partii politycznych
Authors: Gąsior Tomasz
Published: January 2020

Partie polityczne są niezbędne dla funkcjonowania demokracji parlamentarnej, chociaż, zarówno w Polsce, jak w innych państwach, panuje niechęć do nich. Ze względu na ich miejsce w życiu publicznym; funkcje, jakie w nim wypełniają; na ich wpływ na sprawowanie władzy w państwie; na rekomendowanie osób na najważniejsze stanowiska w kraju, ale także na stanowiska w podmiotach działających na styku polityki i biznesu (chociażby w spółkach z udziałem Skarbu Państwa); na wpływanie na politykę państwa; nieustannie wzbudzają one duże zainteresowanie i emocje (nawet jeżeli są to emocje negatywne). Za jedne z najbardziej istotnych i jednocześnie skomplikowanych zagadnień, i to nie tylko w Polsce, uznaje się finansowanie partii politycznych oraz jawność w tym zakresie. Postrzeganie tych kwestii i stosunek do nich, zmienia się w ostatnim czasie przede wszystkim z uwagi na zmianę charakteru partii politycznych, ale także ze względu na rozwój socjotechniczny, a głównie technologiczny, który daje wiele nowych możliwości działania partiom politycznym, w tym, w zakresie pozyskiwania przez nie środków finansowych (np. direct e-mail fundraising czy direct debit), ale zwiększa również potencjalne możliwości realizacji konstytucyjnej zasady jawności finansowania polityki. W poruszanych w artykule zagadnieniach, dotyczących Funduszu Wyborczego partii oraz jawności w tym zakresie, ale również generalnie odnośnie do jawności finansowania polityki, warto byłoby rozważyć wprowadzenie zmian, które pozwalałyby, między innymi przy wykorzystaniu nowych technologii, usprawnić proces finansowania partii, kontrolę w tym zakresie, a przede wszystkim zwiększyć podkreślaną przeze mnie wielokrotnie jawność.
PROBLEMATYKA BRAKU ZGODY NA DOKONANIE OBOWIĄZKU PODDANIA SIĘ SZCZEPIENIOM OCHRONNYM
Authors: Łapińska Marta
Published: January 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest omówienie problematyki nieudzielenia zgody na wykonanie obowiązkowych szczepień ochronnych. Z uwagi na występowanie obowiązku szczepień ochronnych, dyskusyjna pozostaje kwestia ewentualnego wyrażenia zgody rodziców na ich wykonanie. Celem niniejszych rozważań jest próba udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie o charakter ewentualnej odmowy zgody na wykonanie szczepień ochronnych. Analizie poddano wymogi dotyczące zgody udzielanej na świadczenie zdrowotne. Zgoda pacjenta stanowi podstawowy warunek, decydujący o legalności działań profilaktycznych. Jednakże występują przepisy prawne ograniczające autonomię pacjenta, w szczególności prawo do wyrażenia zgody na dokonanie szczepień. W związku z powyższym prymat wiodą wartości wynikające z ochrony zdrowia publicznego, nie zaś z ochrony praw jednostki. Autonomię pacjenta ograniczają między innymi przepisy Ustawy o zapobieganiu oraz zwalczaniu zakażeń i chorób zakaźnych u ludzi. Zostały przedstawione konsekwencje prawne niezaszczepienia dzieci przez rodziców, opiekunów prawnych lub faktycznych między innymi na przykładzie ograniczenia władzy rodzicielskiej przez Sąd w Białogardzie w stosunku do rodziców, którzy nie wyrazili zgody na szczepienia dziecka. Z roku na rok można zaobserwować wzrastającą liczbę niezaszczepionych dzieci, a co za tym idzie powrót niebezpiecznych chorób zakaźnych. Analizie poddano teoretyczne założenia i praktyczne zastosowanie w przypadku nieudzielenia zgody na dokonanie szczepień ochronnych.
ZMIANY KLIMATYCZNE – WYZWANIA DLA PRAWA MORZA
Authors: Osóbka Przemysław
Published: January 2020

Artykuł jest próbą zwrócenia uwagi na prawne konsekwencje zmian klimatycznych zachodzących we współczesnym świecie w zakresie, w jakim dotyczą one zagadnień związanych z prawem morza. Wydaje się, że Konwencja Narodów Zjednoczonych o prawie morza z 1982 r. w niewystarczający sposób odpowiada na takie wyzwania jak podnoszenie się poziomu mórz i oceanów, deterytorializacja klimatyczna, czy migracje związane z ocieplaniem się klimatu. Ich prawne konsekwencje są oczywiste. Zmianie ulega układ granic morskich, przeformułowania wymagają definicje niektórych, niewzruszalnych dotąd pojęć, takich jak wyspa, czy szelf kontynentalny. Wątpliwości budzić zaczyna także dotychczasowy sposób postrzegania związku terytorium lądowego z morskim. Coraz śmielej zadawane jest pytanie, czy państwo, które wskutek skutków zmian klimatycznych utraci swoje terytorium lądowe, utraci także wody terytorialne i wyłączne strefy ekonomiczne? Poważnej i głębokiej refleksji wymaga także wpływ zmian klimatycznych na prawo oceanu światowego, na regulacje dotyczące morskich zasobów genetycznych oraz na przepisy dotyczące odpowiedzialności za szkodę w środowisku morskim. Zmiany klimatyczne są coraz powszechniej uznawane za problem globalny, niosący z sobą poważne następstwa ekologiczne, społeczne, ekonomiczne i polityczne. Wszystkie wymienione sfery oddziaływują na człowieka i jego relacje z morzem, determinując w dużej mierze jego pozycję w środowisku naturalnym. Dlatego też autor pozwala sobie sądzić, że podjęcie omawianych w niniejszym artykule zagadnień jest ważne i potrzebne.
Instytucja pieczy naprzemiennej w perspektywie konstytucyjnej zasady dobra dziecka- analiza krytyczna
Authors: Śmiałek Paweł
Published: January 2020

Instytucja pieczy naprzemiennej jest stosunkowo nowym zjawiskiem w polskim prawie rodzinnym. Jej głównym celem jest uwzględnienie dobra dziecka poprzez alternatywne wykonywanie opieki przez oboje rodziców w wyznaczonych okresach czasowych. Autor w opracowaniu prezentuje podstawowe regulacje prawne dotyczące tytułowej materii. Wskazuje na potencjalne pozytywne strony związane ze stosowanie tej instytucji, a ponadto zwraca uwagę na negatywne aspekty oraz ewentualne zagrożenia. Wszelkie oceny dokonane są z perspektywy aksjologicznych i normatywnych wartości wynikających z art. 72 Konstytucji statuującego konieczność dbania o dobro dziecka. W ostatniej części opracowania autor prezentuje proponowane zmiany legislacyjne oraz systemowe, które potencjalnie mogą usprawnić funkcjonowanie instytucji pieczy naprzemiennej.
Relacja między kryminologią a prawem karnym – przydatność wyników badań kryminologicznych dla prawa karnego
Authors: Tarnacka Agata
Published: January 2020

Kryminologia ma za cel wypełnienie pozytywistycznych kryteriów naukowości polegające na operowaniu jedynie faktami i unikaniu ocen i wartościowania wyników, prowadzącym do przedstawiania obiektywnej i neutralnej wobec wartości wiedzy. W przeciwieństwie do prawa karnego, w którym mają miejsce rozważania o charakterze normatywnym i prawnym charakteryzujące się wartościowaniem i operowaniem ocenami. Współpraca obu dyscyplin jest niezbędna dla stworzenia racjonalnej polityki kryminalnej, skutecznie kontrolującej zjawisko przestępczości. Ta współpraca obu dyscyplin sprowadza się przede wszystkim do poważania przez prawników danych empirycznych i korzystania z nich przy podejmowaniu decyzji w procedurze ustawodawczej oraz tych podejmowanych na salach sądowych, bez rezygnowania z odniesienia do będącej podstawą prawa karnego aksjologii. Dotychczas kryminologia wywarła trwały wpływ na prawo karne, gdyż kryminolodzy nie postrzegają swojej działalności jako pozostającej wyłącznie w sferze osiągania wyników naukowych badań, ale również wykorzystywania ich do wpływu na rzeczywistość poprzez wcielanie w życie idei i pomysłów na zwalczanie przestępczości.
Eksperymenty z elektryczną warstwą podwójną na granicy metal tworzywo sztuczne
Authors: Jarguliński Wiesław , Szelka Janusz
Published: January 2020

Publikacja jest podsumowaniem badań eksperymentalnych, przeprowadzonych w WSOWLąd i w Instytucie Materiałoznawstwa i Mechaniki Technicznej Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Autorzy udowadniają istnienie związku między wytrzymałością zmęczeniową, a elektryczną warstwą podwójną powstającą samorzutnie na granicy metalu i powłoki.
Edukacja na odległość w dobie internetu
Authors: Górski Maciej
Published: January 2020

Najwcześniejsze formy prowadzenia kształcenia na odległość sięgają nawet początku XVIII wieku. Przez kolejne wieki, aż do dziś, idea propagowania nauki poza głównymi ośrodkami edukacyjnymi była taka sama. Dążono do pozyskania jak największej grupy uczących się bez względu na odległość między nauczycielem a uczniem. Rozwój edukacji na odległość podzielił się na etapy, które wyznaczane były kolejnymi zdobyczami ówczesnej wiedzy oraz techniki ściśle powiązanej z dostarczaniem materiałów szkoleniowych.
Działalność wychowawcza w wyższych szkołach oficerskich w latach 1967-1989
Authors: Kałużny Ryszard
Published: January 2020

W działalności wychowawczej realizowanej w wyższych szkołach oficerskich można było dostrzec zjawisko koncentrowania się na czynnościach mających powodować ogólny rozwój dyspozycji osobowościowych podchorążych. Należy również dostrzec znaczne wysiłki podejmowane w kierunku podchorążych z zamiarem przekonania ich do polityki PZPR oraz pozyskania ich poparcia dla preferowanej przez nią wizji budowy społeczeństwa socjalistycznego.
Stres w wojsku – dyskomfort czy mobilizacja
Authors: Ciosek Ireneusz
Published: January 2020

Badania nad stresem prowadzone są od wielu pokoleń. Celem niniejszej pracy jest krótkie przedstawienie historii tych badań, różnych teorii związanych z pojęciem stresu oraz jego źródeł, a także podanie przykładów sytuacji stresogennych w wojsku towarzyszących żołnierzowi w jego codziennej służbie.
ERRATUM to: Analysis of Opportunities for Tourism Development Policy in Lithuania
Authors: Budryte Paulina , Junevičius Algis , Albrektas Edvinas
Published: January 2020

In today's world, growing cultural integration has a direct impact on the development of tourism, which is important from the economic as well as the social, political or ecological perspective. Given the rapid expansion of tourism on the global market and the ever-increasing competitiveness of the tourism sector, it is important to assess the state of the tourism sector in Lithuania and determine the potential for its development. The results of the qualitative research have demonstrated that the policy options that could allow for the smooth development of Lithuanian tourism have eluded clear identification owing to the less than appropriate regulation of this area and the absence of effective tourism management. It has been discovered that the legal framework so far remains underdeveloped. In addition, when it comes to tourism policy management, the relevant functions tend to not be performed properly. Moreover, there is a lack of cooperation among the institutions responsible for tourism coordination or otherwise indirectly connected to the area, whereas cooperation between the local and the national level is minimal. This shows that a number of areas may require improvement in order for the country’s tourism development policy to become more effective. However, if the country manages to perform a targeted elimination of the problematic areas and makes proper use of its strengths and existing potential in the tourism sector, such as the favorable geographical location, a well-developed sector of tourism-related services, rich recreational resources, or an attractive ratio between the quality and price of tourism products, the effective development of tourism in Lithuania will become possible in the long term.
A UFSM é uma universidade sustentável?
Authors: Falcão Marina Fonseca Seelig , Silveira Andressa De Oliveira
Published: January 2020

A Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM - tem por missão construir e difundir conhecimento de modo sustentável. Mas como saber se suas práticas são suficientes para que ela possa se dizer sustentável? O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o desempenho do campus da UFSM pelo GreenMetric: um modelo de medição do desempenho sustentável para universidades que divulga anualmente os resultados de seus usuários registrados na forma de um ranking. Os resultados por categoria, em escala de um a dez, foram: energia e mudanças climáticas 2,7; ensino e pesquisa 5,0; mobilidade 5,0; resíduos 7,5; espaço físico 5,5; água 2,0. A medida do desempenho resultou 4,8. Considerando o método de avaliações de conhecimento da universidade, cuja nota mínima é cinco, a medida de 4,8 é insuficiente para caracterizar a UFSM enquanto sustentável.Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade; Greenmetric; medição de desempenho.
Boubacar Boris Diop et le roman total
Authors: Diouf Mbaye
Published: January 2020

Que peut la littérature de Boris Diop ? En paraphrasant lafameuse question de Jean-Paul Sartre, cette réflexion viseà identifier les fonctions discursives et artistiques quel’écrivain sénégalais associe à sapratique de l’écriture. Mais c’est dans sa relationdialogique au monde et aux mémoires du monde qu’il fautaller chercher les clés d’une sémantique etd’une sémiotique du récit chez Boris Diop,justifiant le passage d’une langue d’écritureà une autre, transformant l’acte de traduction en acte denarration et contribuant à faire de la littératureafricaine le lieu symbolique d’un pouvoir alternatif.