bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causes influencing the length of stay of cardiac surgery patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Dimitropoulou Nikoleta , Stamou Aggeliki , Marvaki Christina
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The incidence of postoperative morbidity has increased, a fact which may lead to prolonged hospitalization of the patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and generally in the hospital.Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the complications after cardiac surgery responsible for the prolonged stay of patients in the ICU.Material and method: The studied sample consisted of 80 patients who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit General Hospital of Athens from January 2013 to June 2014. For data collection a special registration form with information coming from the medical records of patients was used. Data analysis was performed by the IBM SPSS 21.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).Results: Regarding to demographic characteristics Regarding the demographic characteristics and medical history of the studied sample, the majority were male (58.7%, n=47), with a mean age of 73 years and an average hospital stay of 3.3 days. The major causes of prolonged ICU stay was respiratory failure (20%, n=16), arrhythmias (17.5%, n = 14), bleeding (15%, n=12), myocardial infarction (11.3%, n=9), and pulmonary edema (10%,n=8). Τhe bivariate analysis showed statistical relationship to the level of 0,20 (p<0,20) between the prolonged ICU stay and age, coronary artery disease as the cause of entry, coronary artery bypass, diabetes melitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Conclusion: Patients with a history of heart failure, diabetes or obstructive pulmonary disease seems to have a greater chance for a prolonged ICU stay after cardiac surgery. Early recognition of demographic and clinical factors that may lead to the prolonged ICU stay can provide very important information about how to improve perioperative care of the patient.
Health professional working growth and patient safety
Authors: Kadda Olga
Published: December 2019

No abstract available
The prognostic value of lactate acid in sepsis
Authors: Alivanoglou Anastasia , Marvaki Christina , Toylia Georgia , Vasilopoulos Georgios
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Lactic acid, a product of glucose metabolism, is produced rapidly when oxygen transfer to the cells is insufficient to meet their requirements.Aim: The aim of the present systematic review was to investigate lactic acid as a prognostic marker in sepsis.Material and Method: A search was made in the electronic databases Pubmed, Cinahl, GoogleScholar, CochraneLibrary, during the period 2010-2018. The key words used were "lactate acid", "severe sepsis", "prognostic value", "mortality." Twelve studies were included to the present review.Results: According to the results, it was revealed that elevated lactate acid levels are directly related to mortality in clinics and ICUs. In particular, lactate acid clearance seems to be the most valid marker of prognosis. Studies that compared lactate acid levels with central venous oxygen saturation as predictors of sepsis showed that the lactate acid value predominates as a predictive marker against Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2).Conclusions: Elevated lactate acid levels or low lactate clearance in the first 24-48 hours in patients with sepsis or septic shock are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in clinics and ICUs. Perhaps the measurement of lactic acid is a non-invasive parameter that helps guide the treatment of sepsis.
Investigation of demographic characteristics and incidence of ocular injuries: a retrospective study
Authors: Agiant Samira , Marvaki Christina , Govina Ourania , Papaconstantinou Dimitris , Diagourtas Andreas , Papageorgiou Dimitris
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Ocular trauma is a common cause of visual reduction or loss and relates with a variety of demographic factors.Aim: Investigating the relationship of patients with eye injuries demographic data who were operated in a Public Hospital of the Attica Prefecture with place of accident, cause, classification and complications of trauma.Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study. The sample consisted of 219 patients with ocular trauma who underwent a surgical therapy. For data collection a specific registration form was used. Data analysis was performed with the statistical package Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) ver.22. Results: The relationship of gender and age of patients, with place of injury, classification and etiology of trauma was statistically significant (p <0.05). The 56.7% of women reported home related injuries, mainly due to falls, while 96.8% of men reported work related injuries. The mean age of those patients injured at home was 68.15 years, while at work was 42.79 years. Statistically significant was the relationship between nationality and the place of injury and complications (p<0.05). The 94% of Greek patients reported injury mainly at home, while the 25.8% of the foreigners reported injury at work, with post-traumatic endophthalmitis in 66.7% of them, mainly in rural areas. Conclusions: The investigation of relationship between the demographic data and ocular trauma is a challenge for the development of strategies prevention.
Updating nurse graduate knowledge – the development of the “evidence based practice in nursing” continuing educational programme
Authors: Stavropoulou Areti
Published: December 2019

Τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει δοθεί μεγάλη βαρύτητα στο σχεδιασμό προγραμμάτων συνεχιζόμενης εκπαίδευσης και δια βίου μάθησης. Ο τρόπος και οι προϋποθέσεις σχεδιασμού των εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων συνδέονται με την αποτελεσματικότητα της εκπαίδευσης. Η περιγραφή των σταδίων σχεδιασμού του Προγράμματος Eπικαιροποίησης Γνώσεων Αποφοίτων «Πρακτική Βασισμένη σε Ενδείξεις στη Νοσηλευτική», που υλοποιήθηκε στο Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα (ΤΕΙ) Κρήτης, στο ΤΕΙ Αθήνας και στο ΑΤΕΙ Θεσσαλονίκης κατά το ακαδημαϊκό έτος 2014-2015. Ο σχεδιασμός του Προγράμματος περιελάβανε έξι στάδια. Το κάθε στάδιο αποτελούσε μια ξεχωριστή δραστηριότητα. Η εξέλιξη και τα αποτελέσματα του κάθε σταδίου καθόριζαν την εκκίνηση και το σχεδιασμό του επόμενου σταδίου. Η τελική διαμόρφωση και το αποτέλεσμα του προγράμματος ήταν απόρροια της εμπειρίας που προέκυψε από τα παραπάνω στάδια. Σημαντική γνώση προέκυψε από τα στάδια σχεδιασμού και την αξιολόγηση τους. Ο επιτυχημένος σχεδιασμός ενός εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος συνδέεται κυρίως σε ποιοτικά στοιχεία, όπως η φιλοσοφία, η εμπειρία, τα χαρακτηριστικά των ανθρώπων και του κοινωνικού πλαισίου μέσα στο οποίο διενεργείται η εκπαίδευση. Οι ποιοτικού τύπου ερευνητικές προσεγγίσεις, η δημιουργία υποστηρικτικών δικτύων και η διαμόρφωση κατάλληλων συνθηκών μάθησης αποτελούν προϋποθέσεις για τον σχεδιασμό προγραμμάτων συνεχιζόμενης εκπαίδευσης και την εφαρμογή της νέας γνώσης στην επαγγελματική πρακτική.
Volunteering and nursing, interrelated concepts and values
Authors: Rovithis Michael
Published: December 2019

Ο εθελοντισμός ορίζεται ως:  «η δραστηριότητα εκείνη που αναπτύσσεται κατά τρόπο προσωπικό, αυθόρμητο, ελεύθερο χωρίς ατομικό κέρδος από πολίτες ή ομάδες πολιτών προς το συμφέρον της ομάδας στην οποία ανήκουν ή τρίτων προσώπων ή ευάλωτων κοινωνικών ομάδων ή της τοπικής, κρατικής ή διεθνούς κοινότητας, αποκλειστικά για σκοπούς αλληλεγγύης».1 Ο εθελοντισμός συνεπάγεται μια στάση ζωής που ενστερνίζεται ιδιαίτερες αξίες, όπως η αλληλεγγύη, η κοινωνική δικαιοσύνη, η κοινωνική συμμετοχή, ενώ οι εθελοντές με τη δράση τους προωθούν θετικές στάσεις και αντιλήψεις για τα διάφορα κοινωνικά ζητήματα. Τη σημερινή εποχή, ο εθελοντισμός, αποκτά ριζοσπαστικά χαρακτηριστικά και συνιστά μια μορφή άμεσης παρέμβασης και συμμετοχής των πολιτών, ειδικά των νέων, στο  πολιτικό και κοινωνικό γίγνεσθαι.
Nursing and triage: modern trends and challenges
Authors: Stergiannis Pantelis
Published: December 2019

Not available
Pressure ulcers and support surfaces
Authors: Labro Labrini , Margazi Olga , Marouli Georgia , Vasilopoulos Georgios
Published: December 2019

In health area pressure ulcers remain until today a major problem, especially in critically ill patients in whom the incidence is increasing due to their prolonged detention. An important part in the appearance of pressure sores is prevention. Prevention can be achieved in several ways such as by changing patient position or using specialized support surfaces which reduce the pressure in the areas most commonly created the pressure sores. Equally important part in pressure sores problem is manage the problem and it can mainly achieved by the use of specific pads or the use of new, alternative methods to help them heal faster. The support surface is a specialized pressure redistribution device (pressure redistribution) which is designed to support tissue, and/or other therapeutic functions. The optimal supportive surface relieves the pressure, the fragmentation and friction and maintains a constant temperature in the human body. Such a supportive surface redistributes body weight on a possibly largest surface of the body, thereby reducing the pressure at specific parts of the body and therefore tissue damage is prevented.
Delirium in general intensive care unit survivors
Authors: Giavasi Giannoula , Marvaki Christina , Kapadohos Theodore , Nanas Serafim
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The last decades, delirium, an organic psycho syndrome frequently found in hospitalized patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), has been recognized as an important factor affecting patient’s prognosis.Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of delirium in patients hospitalized in general ICU of a tertiary hospital of Attica.Material and Method: The studied sample consisted of 93 patients. a specific record form which was developed according to the needs of this study, was used for data collection.. The severity of the disease was calculated using international ICU scoring systems; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHEII), Simplified Acute Physiology Score III (SAPS III), Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the presence of delirium was evaluated by implementing the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU). Data analysis was performed by the statistical package Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) ver.19.Results: 62.4% (n = 58) of the studied sample were male. Of the 93 patients, 39 (41.9%) exhibited delirium; the 15 patients (16.1%) did not develop while the other 39 (41.9%) patients of the sample could not be tested for the syndrome. The incidence of the syndrome was high as the rate of premature mortality in less than 28 days. In particular, all the patients who died (n=41), the rate of premature mortality was 56% (n=23). The study failed to show a relationship of delirium with known risk factors (age, high severity of disease, infection and benzodiazepine use) patients’ outcome, ICU length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation. No association emerged between sedatives and delirium occurrence.Conclusions: The hypothesis of the study dictate a relationship between delirium appearance and advanced age, high severity of disease, benzodiazepine use and infection based on previous research results. However, none of these relationships emerged in this study.
Pancreatic cystic lesions: comparison of preoperative cytological results by eus-fna with surgical pathologist diagnosis
Authors: Tsimperleniou Maria , Karoumpalis Ioannis , Marvaki Christina , Kadda Olga , Exarchos Dimitrios , Lutrari Eleni
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The preoperative cytological examination of pancreatic cystic lesions with endoscopic ultrasound and fine needle aspiration biopsy [Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS)-Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA)] is of great importance for avoiding unnecessary surgery.Aim:  The aim of the present study was to show the importance of EUS-FNA in patients with cystic pancreatic lesions by comparing its results with surgical pathology diagnosis, intending by the selection of appropriate patients for surgery, to reduce preoperative morbidity and mortality and long duration of hospitalization conditions which are responsible for hospital infections as well as public health costs.Material and Methods: This was a prospective observational study. The studied sample consisted of 40 patients with pancreatic cysts. For data collection a specific registration form was used; the demographic characteristics, imaging methods and their results, the symptoms, any previous episodes of pancreatitis, the visualization with EUS, cytological analysis of fluid of pancreatic cysts, and CEA levels  and fluid amylase, whenever was possible, as well as the pathologist results of the resected lesions were recorded. Data analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).Results: The sample included 40 patients, 17 men (42.5%) and 23 women (57.5%). The overall operating characteristics of EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions which were resected, were as follows: sensitivity specificity 81.8% 100.0%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value 66.0% and 86.7% diagnostic accuracy.Conclusions: The present study confirmed that the EUS-FNA is the method which has high accuracy to select the appropriate patients with pancreatic cystic lesions for therapeutic pancreatectomy.
Estimating the quality of life of hemodialysis patients and adequate clearance
Authors: Prevyzi Evangelia , Argyriou Georgios , Kollia Thomai , Nestor Athanasia , Kotanidou Anastasia , Marvaki Christina
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Dialysis affects the quality of life of hemodialysis patients due on idrasis in physical activities, psychological factors, and social adaptability.  Predominant indicator for assessing the adequacy of dialysis, considered the Kt / V (clearance time/volume of distribution). According to international guidelines, the price which shows adequate dialysis is > 1.2. Aim: The aim of the present study was the association of quality of life of hemodialysis patients with adequate dialysis. Material and Methods: To evaluate the quality of life of hemodialysis patients used the questionnaire KDQOL-SF weighted in the Greek language and the Greek egkyropoiimeno population. Excluded from the study patients with a speaking disability, those who were comatose, aliens, and those undergoing dialysis 3 hours/ 2 times / week. For data processing, used the statistical package SPSS ver.17. Results: Based on the statistical analysis t-test results showed respect to the route of vascular access that patients with graft (31,6%)   had a higher clearance rate adequacy, as well as patients undergoing hemodialysis with high permeability (high-flux) filters (35,8%) and those undergoing dialysis with hemodiafiltration (35,8%).According to the statistical criterion pearson's r and multivariate analysis of linear regression, statistically significant difference was only between Kt / V and forefinger encouraging staff and p = 0,032 and p = 0,015 respectively.Conclusions: The conclusions drawn from this study showed that there was no correlation between quality of life and dialysis adequacy, but only with the index of encouraging staff.
Symptomatic heterotopic ossification: incidence and risk factors of a musculoskeletal complication in a general Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Christakou Anna , Alimatiri Maria , Patsaki Eirini , Kouvarakos Alexandros , Papadopoulos Emmanouel , Efstathiou Flora , Sidiras Georgios , Nanas Serafeim
Published: December 2019

Background: Heterotopic ossification is a musculoskeletal complication in patients in intensive care unit which expects to impair their mobility and quality of life after discharge. The aim of the study was to examine the incidence and the risk factors of heterotopic ossification in critically ill patients. Methods: One hundred-ninety seven consecutive patients evaluated through clinical and laboratory screenings for heterotopic ossification upon admission and discharge and 123 of them were eligible for the study. Symptomatic heterotopic ossification was confirmed to 9 patients (7.31%) by means of ultrasonography and radiography. Many risk factors examined by logistic regression such as age, admission of Glasgow Coma Scale score, length of stay in intensive care unit, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration in Venturi mask and in mask tracheostomy, days in coma, traumatic and non-traumatic brain injury, increased intracranial pressure monitoring, autonomic dysregulation and days in respiratory alkalosis. Results: The risk factors that predict heterotopic ossification were: age, duration of mechanical ventilation, respiratory alkalosis, days in coma, admission of Glasgow Coma Scale score, increased intracranial pressure monitoring, autonomic dysregulation, and non–traumatic brain injury. In multivariate analysis were found significant the autonomic dysregulation, the respiratory alkalosis, the increased intracranial pressure monitoring and the duration of mechanical ventilation (F=17.44, p<0.00).Conclusions: The incidence of symptomatic heterotopic ossification appears to be significant in a general intensive care unit. A few factors seem to predict the occurrence of it, confirming previous studies. Larger studies are needed to be done for better prevention and early identification of this frequent musculoskeletal complication in critical ill patients.
Effectiveness of artificial nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Skontzou Konstantina , Vassilopoulos George , Kotanidou Anastasia , Marvaki Christina
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Early application of enteral nutrition programme has begun to gain ground in recent years in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis by putting into question the effectiveness of parenteral nutrition.Aim: The purpose of the present review was to investigate the effectiveness of artificial nutrition in curbing of complications and improvement of patients with severe acute pancreatitis.Material and Method: There was a research in electronic databases Scopus, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library and Scopemed for the time period 2010-2015. The key words selected for the data search were “acute pancreatitis”, “nutrition”, “feeding” and “clinical trials”. For the preparation of the review, 14 research studies were used.Results: The superiority of enteral feeding versus parenteral is documented by the reduction of inflammatory mediators and septic complications while early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) is associated with lower rates of complications, multiple-organ dysfunction and mortality. Patients undergoing enteral nutrition are hospitalized for a shorter period of time compared to those undergoing parenteral nutrition. The duration of hospitalization in the ICU is even shorter for patients who also receive immunonutrition which helps to reduce bacterial translocation, systemic inflammatory response and complications.Conclusions: The granting of early enteral nutrition with or without immunonutrition contributes decisively to reverse the sharp deterioration of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Early enteral nutrition is associated with fewer complications compared to total parenteral nutrition.
Null effect of circulating sphingomyelins on risk for breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization report using Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) data.
Authors: Adams Charleen D.
Published: December 2019

Background: Changes in cellular metabolism are a hallmark of cancer and are linked with sphingolipid synthesis. Due to immense interest in how sphingolipids influence chemoresistance, more is known about the impact of sphingolipids during cancer treatment and progression than about the potential role of sphingolipids in the induction of tumors in humans.

Methods: Because estrogen triggers sphingolipid signaling cascades, the causal role of circulating levels of sphingomyelin (a type of sphingolipid) on breast cancer was investigated with a well-powered Mendelian randomization design.

Results: The results reveal a null effect (OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.85, 1.05; P = 0.30).

Conclusion: Despite the role sphingomyelins play during chemoresistance and cancer progression, circulating sphingomyelins do not appear to initiate or protect from breast cancer. This finding comprises the first causal report in humans that sphingomyelins on breast cancer initiation is null. Future investigations of risk in other cancer types are needed to further explore the potential role of sphingolipid biology in cancer etiology.
Comparing simulated client experiences with phone survey self-reports for measuring quality of information given in family planning counseling: The case of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate – subcutaneous (DMPA-SC) in Nigeria
Authors: Diamond-Smith Nadia , Treleaven Emily , Omoluabi Elizabeth , Liu Jenny
Published: December 2019

Background: The quality of family planning services can have important implications for uptake and continued method use. The aim of this analysis is to examine aspects of quality related to information provided for a new injectable contraceptive method, DMPA-SC (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate – subcutaneous, known as Sayana Press®), service provision and contraceptive services more broadly in Nigeria.

Methods: We compared self-reports from follow-up phone surveys with users to simulated client interactions that were designed to measure the same concepts. Through mixed-methods, we sought to more deeply understand the biases associated with different data collection methods that ultimately lead to different conclusions regarding quality of information provided in contraceptive services, and to further assess to what extent these methods were suitable for detecting differences in quality across sub-groups using the case of married versus unmarried women.

Results: We found that simulated clients reported lower levels of informational quality across all comparable quality indicators than phone survey respondents attending the same facilities. Both methods were able to detect differential treatment by marital status.

Conclusions: A mixed-methods approach can provide differential insights into informational quality of family planning services, especially when aiming to understand both objective and subjective aspects of quality.
Cost-effectiveness of oral versus intravenous antibiotics (OVIVA) in patients with bone and joint infection: evidence from a non-inferiority trial
Authors: McMeekin Nicola , Geue Claudia , Briggs Andrew , Rombach Ines , Li Ho Kwong , Bejon Philip , McNally Martin , Atkins Bridget L. , Ferguson Jamie , Scarborough Matthew ,   OVIVA collaborators
Published: December 2019

Background: Bone and joint infections are becoming increasingly common and are usually treated with surgery and a course of intravenous antibiotics. However, there is no evidence to support the superiority of intravenous therapy and there is a growing body of literature showing that oral therapy is effective in treating these infections. Given this lack of evidence the clinical trial ‘Oral Versus Intravenous Antibiotics’ (OVIVA) was designed to assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of intravenous versus oral antibiotics for the treatment of bone and joint infections, using a non-inferiority design. Clinical results from the trial indicate that oral antibiotics are non-inferior to intravenous antibiotics. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of intravenous compared to oral antibiotics for treating bone and joint infections, using data from OVIVA.

Methods: A cost-utility analysis was carried out, the main economic outcome measure was the quality adjusted life-year, measured using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire, combined with costs to estimate cost-effectiveness over 12-months follow-up.

Results: Results show that costs were significantly lower in the oral arm compared to the intravenous arm, a difference of £2,740 (95% confidence interval £1,488 to £3,992). Results of four sensitivity analyses were consistent with the base-case results. QALYs were marginally higher in the oral arm, however this difference was not statistically significant; -0.007 (95% confidence interval -0.045 to 0.031).

Conclusions: Treating patients with bone and joint infections for the first six weeks of therapy with oral antibiotics is both less costly and does not result in detectable differences in quality of life compared to treatment with intravenous antibiotics. Adopting a practice of treating bone and joint infections with oral antibiotics early in the course of therapy could potentially save the UK National Health Service over £17 million annually.
Viver um chamado ocupacional por meio do empreendedorismo leva à satisfação no trabalho?
Authors: Nunes Fernando Antonio Tocantins , Felix Bruno
Published: December 2019

Neste estudo, objetivamos analisar se o sucesso no trabalho influencia a relação entre possuir um chamado ocupacional e a satisfação no trabalho. Os resultados mostraram que a satisfação geral quanto ao trabalho foi superior para indivíduos que possuem um chamado ocupacional. Esse resultado tende a se manter quando o indivíduo possui sucesso na carreira, mas não quando há fracasso. Isso significa dizer que a influência do sucesso ao empreender é apenas parcial: viver um chamado ocupacional potencializou a satisfação do empreendedor; entretanto, no caso de haver um fracasso, a influência não se mostrou significativa.
ПРОГРАММА РАЗВИТИЯ НАУЧНОГО ЖУРНАЛА «В МИРЕ НАУЧНЫХ ОТКРЫТИЙ» = «SIBERIAN JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND AGRICULTURE»
Authors: Magsumov Timur Al’bertovich , Maksimov Yan Alekseevich
Published: December 2019

Цель. Разработка программы развития журнала, состоящей из комплекса взаимосвязанных мероприятий, направленных на повышение качества содержания издания, улучшение работы редакции, усиление коммуникации и представленности издания в академическом сообществе.Методология. Разработка программы строится на системном подходе, с учетом внешней и внутренней среды функционирования научной периодики. При этом базовыми в исследовании ее состояния и построении перспектив развития стали идеи Дж. Марча об обмене знаниями между стейкхолдерами деятельности журнала, необходимости постоянного привлечения новых участников, балансе между поиском нового и использованием старых проверенных методов, внимании к дисперсии результативности при выстраивании стратегий конкуренции между авторами, превращении информационных технологий в инфраструктуру деятельности редакции, при высокой развитости позволяющую журналу удержать позиции на издательском рынке.Результаты. Журнал, посредством профилизации тематики и проведения ряда организационных мероприятий, уже смог войти в признанные узкопрофильные базы – Chemical Abstracts и Agris. Участие в предлагаемой программе, на наш взгляд, будет способствовать оптимизации и повышению эффективности деятельности издателя и редколлегии по дальнейшему научному «росту» и комплексному развитию издания, что в перспективе позволит ему войти в международные наукометрические базы более «широкого» профиля.Область применения результатов. Являясь стратегическим руководством к изменению политики журнала, трансформации его внутренней среды и выстраивания новых форм взаимоотношений со внешней средой, программа может найти применение и при разработке аналогичных программ развития научных журналов.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ФЛОРИСТИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА НИЖНИХ ЯРУСОВ ФИТОЦЕНОЗОВ КЕДРОВЫХ ЛЕСОВ ПОД ВЛИЯНИЕМ КОРОЕДА ШЕСТИЗУБЧАТОГО – IPS SEXDENTATUS BOERN. (УЧАСТОК «МАЛЫЙ АБАКАН» ЗАПОВЕДНИКА «ХАКАССКИЙ»)
Authors: Lebedeva Svetlana Alexandrovna
Published: December 2019

В статье приводятся промежуточные результаты мониторинговых исследований на территории государственного природного заповедника «Хакасский», проводимых в высокогорной кедровой тайге, в месте локализации вспышки размножения вторичного стволового вредителя короеда шестизубчатого. Изучены изменения флористического состава нижних ярусов кедровых лесов на разных стадиях повреждения древостоя короедом шестизубчатым. Изменение уровня освещенности, снижение сомкнутости крон лесообразующей породы влияет на флористический состав и структуру травяно-кустарничкового яруса. На контрольных участках представлены кедровые таежные леса до вспышки размножения короеда шестизубчатого, которые представлены мелкотравными и мелкотравно-зеленомошными сообществами. Во время вспышек и повреждения кедровых лесов короедом шестизубчатым происходит целый ряд изменений нижних ярусов растительных сообществ. В слабодеградированных сообществах при увеличении освещенности увеличивается количество видов подлеска и их обилие. В свою очередь, на этих площадках, мы еще не замечаем бурного развития крупнотравья и представителей семейства Poaceae. На участках с почти полностью выпавшей материнской породой по сравнению с контрольными участками увеличивается проективное покрытие травяного яруса. Происходит смена доминантов. Уменьшается обилие низкорослых, тенелюбивых видов, а доля светолюбивых видов (крупнотравья) увеличивается, особенно сильно увеличивается проективное покрытие злаков, достигающее 10–15% (по сравнению с контролем 2–5%).
МОНИТОРИНГОВАЯ ОЦЕНКА УРБАНОЗЁМОВ МАЛЫХ ГОРОДОВ БРЯНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Borzdyko Elena Vasylyevna , Avramenko Marina Vasilievna , Moskalenko Igor Vladimirovich , Anishchenko Lydia Nikolaevna
Published: December 2019

Впервые для Брянской области (Нечерноземье РФ) создана мониторинговая база по эколого-химическим и альгологическим показателям почв малых городов, различающихся численностью населения и развитием промышленного производства. Использовались маршрутные методы, методы химического и альгологического исследования почв. Общее состояние урбанозёмов оценивали по индексу Zс.В почвах малых городов староосвоенного региона – городе Карачеве, Новозыбкове, Унече, Фокино – максимальное валовое содержание зарегистрировано для свинца, меди и цинка. Значения индекса Zс изменяется от 10 до 56, что свидетельствует о наличии зон с допустимым уровнем химического загрязнения, умеренно – опасным, высоко опасным загрязнением. В исследуемых пробах почв содержание тяжёлых металлов выявляет преобладание допустимого и умеренно-опасного уровня загрязнения. В городе Фокино преобладают зоны с высоко-опасным и умеренным загрязнением по индексу Zс, что свидетельствует о значительном влиянии крупного химического производства на почвы в малом промышленном городе.Для малых городов Брянской области впервые составлена почвенно-­альгологическая база, как отражение условий, имеющихся в верхних почвенных горизонтах. Для четырёх малых городов обнаружены 29 видов почвенных водорослей из пяти отделов. В антропогенных местообитаний особым разнообразием отличаются отделы Cyanophyta (порядок Nostocales, Oscillatoriales), отдел Chlorophyta (порядок Chlorococcales), малой видовой представленностью отделов Xantophyta, Bacillariophyta. В качестве биоиндикаторов могут рассматриваться доминанты в почвах первой и второй группы (Zc менее 16, от 16 до 32) Cylindrospermum muscicola, Nostoc commune, Phormidium autumnale . В наиболее загрязненных почвах (Zc от 32 до 128) преобладают виды Chlorococcum sp., Microcoleus vaginatus, Euglena viridis, Nostoc commune. Полученные результаты – основа биомониторинговых и экоаналитических исследований урбанозёмов малых городов.
Experience of Modernization of the Basic Educational Program in the Direction of Training «Adaptive Physical Culture»
Authors: Kielevyaynen Larisa
Published: December 2019

The article presents the experience of modernization of higher education programs in the fi eld of adaptive physical culture and the defi nition of the list, content and methods of formation of professional competencies of students.
Individual, Family, Peer, and School Risk Factors for Teacher Victimization
Authors: Anna Sorrentino  , David P. Farrington
Published: December 2019

In recent years, bullying and cyberbullying against teachers by students have been recognized as problems affecting educators teaching in different grades. Few studies to date have addressed explanatory risk factors related to the perpetrators (students) rather than the victims (teachers) in a longitudinal design, in order to establish the possible causes of this antisocial behavior to better develop prevention and intervention programs to reduce teacher victimization. The main aim of the present study is to analyze the effect on teacher victimization of individual and interpersonal risk factors, including empathy, moral disengagement, peer and parent support, awareness of online risks, and school climate. A total o251 Italian students (aged 11-19) participated in a longitudinal study. The results showed that, for girls, high moral disengagement, low awareness of online risks and poor school climate were risk factors for later teacher victimization. For boys, high moral disengagement and low awareness of online risks were also risk factors, in addiction to low parental support and high peer support. The findings are discussed along with possible applications for prevention and intervention.
Statistical Analysis of Students’ Behavioral and Attendance Habits in Engineering Education
Authors: Vanessa Ibáñez  , Sergio Pérez  , Josep Silva  , Salvador Tamarit
Published: December 2019

This study aims at quantifying the relationship between the marks of students and their seating position in the classroom. The study is cross-sectional, quantitative, observational, and correlational. It analyzed data collected throughout two academic years about the students’ marks (in different terms, courses, and degrees) and about their daily seating position (so, every change was recorded) for both theory and practice lessons. The quantitative data collected in the study was statistically analyzed. The main result is that the seating position is significantly correlated with the marks in the studied context (engineering schools with classrooms with 5-66 students). Other side results show a positive influence on marks of working alone with respect to sharing the computer with a classmate; indicate where do students who give up the course usually sit, and when in the academic term do, they give up. This article provides empirical data with regards to the relation between classroom seating and academic performance in engineering schools. The results obtained quantify this relation, but they cannot determine whether it is causal, consequential, or both. This study complements other studies that correlated motivation with seating preferences.
Acting on delusions in patients suffering from schizophrenia
Authors: Patel Anu , Barot Chirag , Vankar Ganpat , Pal Sutanaya
Published: December 2019

Aim of the study

Background: Schizophrenia patients are more prone to violent crimes because of associated risk factors- delusions, hallucinations, and substance misuse. The phenomenology of delusions associated with action provides a new way of understanding delusions and identifying key targets for risk management intervention secondary to medications.
Aims: To assess the prevalence of delusional action in patients suffering from Schizophrenia and to identify the phenomenological characteristics of those delusions which are associated with action.

Subject or material and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 77 patients and their informant using DSM- 5 diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia and Maudsley Assessment of Delusion Schedule was applied.

Results

Fifty one (66.2%) acted on their delusions. Delusion of persecution was commonest being present in 58.4%. Actions on delusions consisted of protecting themselves (32.5%), losing temper (25.9%), hitting self/others (12.9%), moving/leaving house (15.6%), trying to stop it (27.2%). Informants reported that the patients felt unsafe, frightened or scared at home, suspicious of others, violent to someone, showed unusual behaviour.

Discussion

Acting on delusion occurs in significant proportion of patients. A higher proportion of the patients who reported feeling angry acted on their delusions and the difference was statistically significant. There was a higher rate of acting on delusions in those cases where the informant reported that the patient was frightened and had violent behaviour towards others. Both these differences were statistically significant.

Conclusions

Content of behavior can help understand the treating physician the probable precipitating factor, the psychopathology of the patient’s illness.
Problematic Internet Use and health behaviors in adolescent residents of urban and rural areas in Poland - a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kożybska Marta , Szpak Olga , Kurpisz Jacek , Lebiecka Zofia , Flaga-Gieruszyńska Kinga , Samochowiec Jerzy , Karakiewicz Beata
Published: December 2019

Aim of the study

This paper attempts to assess Internet addiction and health behaviors in Polish adolescent residents of urban and rural areas.

Subject or material and methods

131 high school students, including 62 (47.3%) residents of rural and 69 (52.7%) residents of urban areas, completed the Polish adaptation of the Problematic Internet Use Test, the Health Behavior Inventory for children and adolescents, and a self-designed survey on the characteristics of Internet use.

Results

28.2% of respondents used the Internet for over 6 hours on school days, compared to 45.8% on no-school days. In total, high and very high risk of Internet addiction was recorded in 7.7% of respondents. Significantly higher PIU scores were reported in the residents of rural areas (p <0.05). Most respondents exhibited positive health behaviors. Higher index of general health behaviors correlated with a stronger declared willingness to reduce online activity in favor of spending time outside the house.

Discussion

Creating more opportunities for teenagers to spend time outdoors/away from home can contribute to their reduced online activity, and thus reduce the risk of PIU.

Conclusions

Young people devote much of their time to Internet use, which is associated with their lesser engagement in health behaviors.
LITERATURA JOVEM ADULTO, PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO E A DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: A LEITURA COMO UM DIREITO CIDADÃO
Authors: Martins de Souza Martha Julia
Published: December 2019

O presente trabalho é resultado da experiência da pesquisadora em conduzir um projeto de extensão voltado para a leitura de livros em inglês do gênero YA (young adult/jovem adulto). A iniciativa, que surge no ano de 2018, parte de levantamento de necessidade feito por esta pesquisadora, durante a condução das disciplinas de Literaturas de Língua Inglesa, que verificou que parte considerável dos alunos não conseguiam ler os clássicos da língua inglesa ou apresentavam compreensão limitada dos textos trabalhados em sala. Nesse contexto, a proposta de um Clube de Leitura de Young Adult (YA) em uma universidade pública federal na região Norte do país, apresenta-se como uma prática social que integra o ensino formal de Língua Inglesa à democratização da leitura em língua estrangeira, em um país de tamanho continental, cujo acesso a livrarias e bibliotecas com acervo significativo apresenta-se insuficiente em muitos lugares do país. Metodologicamente, esse trabalho se estrutura com base em questionários, diário de bordo das leituras, falas e interações dos alunos participantes e analisa esses dados, sob a ótica do pensamento decolonial (MIGNOLO & WALSH 2018; GROSFOGUEL, 2007). A pesquisa e o projeto de extensão, que caminham para seu segundo ano, vão além da formação de leitores de uma língua estrangeira hegemônica, mas servem ao propósito político e pedagógico de mobilizar uma juventude cidadã que anseie por uma sociedade mais justa, igualitária e consciente dos discursos de preconceito e ódio que se manifestam na sociedade atual.
LÍNGUA, ENSINO E DISCURSO: DO MESMO AO DIFERENTE
Authors: Grantham Marilei Resmini
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste texto é produzir uma reflexão sobre ensino de língua a partir de uma concepção discursiva e, mais precisamente, sob a perspectiva da Análise do Discurso. Falar em língua e ensino, a partir dessa concepção, nos leva a pensar sobre o professor, considerando-o como sujeito: não um sujeito-em-si, formal, mas um sujeito que é uma posição, um lugar, que se constitui no discurso e que é submetido tanto à língua quanto à história para produzir sentidos. Para compreender como se produz o imaginário sobre o professor, traçamos um breve panorama histórico, pensando no seu papel em diferentes épocas. Para discutir todas essas questões, tomamos para análise três enunciados que estabelecem relação com outros, semelhantes, de domínio público e que pertencem ao gênero dos provérbios. Tal exame nos remete aos conceitos de paráfrase e polissemia, sendo a primeira considerada como retorno a um mesmo dizer sedimentado e a segunda como tensão que aponta para o rompimento. Mostramos que tais conceitos estão relacionados à tipologia de discursos de Orlandi (1987), que os divide em autoritário, polêmico e lúdico. A partir desses três tipos de discurso, refletimos sobre o que a autora denomina de Discurso Pedagógico (DP), procurando examinar suas características. Procuramos, finalmente, evidenciar que assumir uma perspectiva discursiva de língua e de ensino significa, para o professor, descolar-se de um discurso autoritário, que reforça o mesmo, e procurar instaurar um discurso polêmico ou lúdico, que abre espaço para o diferente.
AS POLÍTICAS DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO DOS GOVERNOS FHC (1995-2002) E LULA (2003-2010): “ALFABETIZAÇÃO SOLIDÁRIA” E “BRASIL ALFABETIZADO”
Authors: Mariani Bethania Sampaio Corrêa , Laia Fernanda Gonçalves de , Moura Tatiana Freire de
Published: December 2019

Este artigo, que tem como escopo teórico a Análise do Discurso, propõe uma reflexão sobre políticas públicas voltadas para a educação, especialmente, para a alfabetização de jovens e adultos, nos governos dos ex-presidentes Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC) e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (Lula). A Análise do Discurso, tal como proposta por Pêcheux (1969), Orlandi (1983) e Mariani (1998), dentre vários autores, entende que a relação entre linguagem e história tem uma materialidade e é constitutiva dos sujeitos e dos sentidos. A fim de efetivar a reflexão proposta, foi selecionado e organizado um corpus composto por duas propagandas de alfabetização: a que divulgava o Programa Alfabetização Solidária (FHC) e a voltada para o Programa Brasil Alfabetizado (Lula). A primeira circulou nos anos 1990, enquanto a segunda nos anos 2000. Objetiva-se compreender o funcionamento discursivo dessas duas políticas públicas nacionais de combate ao analfabetismo que caracterizaram dois governos do Brasil, em diferentes condições de produção. Nesta análise, observam-se os efeitos de sentidos que se produzem, a partir das propagandas governamentais, para os sujeitos brasileiros jovens e/ou adultos dos anos 1990 e 2000, sobre ser analfabeto ou alfabetizado, sobre seus modos de estar na sociedade brasileira e no mundo. Dito de outro modo, observam-se as posições-sujeito que se configuram nestas políticas, a partir do que se diz e se mostra visualmente sobre elas, no discurso publicitário.
SENTIDOS DE DIREITOS DE APRENDIZAGEM E CIDADANIA EM DOCUMENTOS CURRICULARES OFICIAIS: DISCURSO, ENSINO E SUBJETIVIDADE
Authors: Grigoletto Marisa , Fortes Laura
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo, investigamos o discurso político-educacional produzido como parte de políticas públicas de ensino para a Educação Básica no Brasil na última década, com foco no recorte sobre ensino de língua inglesa. Constituímos um corpus de análise a partir de documentos de orientação curricular da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, produzidos entre 2015 e 2019, e estabelecemos relações intertextuais com outros documentos que fazem parte das políticas públicas de ensino (leis, diretrizes, orientações didáticas etc.). Nossa análise centrou-se em torno de formulações agrupadas em duas categorias: direitos de aprendizagem e sentidos de cidadania, com o objetivo de compreender o funcionamento de sentidos produzidos por/para uma política educacional de Estado para o ensino e algumas de suas implicações históricas, ideológicas e políticas constitutivas da relação língua/subjetividade. Destacaram-se sentidos voltados à aprendizagem como direito e à cidadania como objetivo final da formação escolar, o que nos permitiu concluir que se produz, como efeito, nesse discurso, um predomínio da forma-sujeito jurídica sobre outras subjetividades possíveis – e até mais prováveis nessa discursividade –, tais como a do sujeito educacional e a do sujeito social. Assim, cidadania e direitos de aprendizagem se constroem como promessa de plena adequação do sujeito social brasileiro, na posição de sujeito aprendiz, ao Estado Democrático de Direito e, no caso do ensino de Inglês, como promessa de obtenção, por parte do aprendiz, de uma “cidadania global”.
INSTRUCTIONS OFFICIELLES : QUAND LES REPRÉSENTATIONS SOCIALES SE MÊLENT DE DIDACTIQUE... / Instruções oficiais: quando as representações sociais se mesclam à didática
Authors: Rollin Marc
Published: December 2019

Résumé: Les textes officiels sur l’enseignement des langues vivantes étrangères et régionales du Ministère de l’Education nationale français contiennent des représentations sociolinguistiques et sociodidactiques. Ces représentations – objets socialement élaborés et/ou constitutives d’un objet social – ne sont pas neutres puisque, présentes dans des textes prescriptifs (décrets, circulaires, programmes...), elles participent de la transmission d’idées et de théories sur l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues, appuyées par la recherche ou non. L’analyse du discours, développée par de nombreux chercheurs français depuis les années 1960 (cf. Pêcheux, Foucault...), permet de travailler à leur identification et à leur analyse, en offrant un regard croisé sur l’institution scolaire, ses acteurs et les discours qui leur sont liés. Cet article se propose donc de pointer quelques représentations sur l’enseignement des langues vivantes en France (particulièrement celles qui sont liées aux objectifs linguistiques, culturels et d’évaluation) véhiculées par les programmes de collège du cycle 4 (classes de 5°, 4° et 3°) de 2015, en lien avec d’autres textes puisqu’il ne serait y avoir d’analyse de discours sans interdiscours, entendu comme un espace de circulation dynamique et conflictuel dans lequel un discours entretient une relation multiforme avec d’autres discours (cf. Maingueneau, Charaudeau). Ce faisant, nous verrons que cela a un impact sur les pratiques quotidiennes des enseignants au sein de la classe. Resumo :Os textos oficiais sobre ensino de línguas estrangeiras e regionais do Ministério da Educação Nacional francês contêm representações sociolinguísticas e sociodidáticas. Essas representações - objetos socialmente elaborados e / ou constitutivos de um objeto social - não são neutras, pois, presentes em textos prescritivos (decretos, circulares, programas ...), elas participam da transmissão de idéias e teorias sobre o ensino-aprendizagem de línguas, apoiadas ou não pela investigação. A análise do discurso, desenvolvida por muitos pesquisadores franceses desde os anos 1960 (cf. Pêcheux, Foucault ...), permite trabalhar sua identificação e análise, oferecendo uma visão cruzada sobre a instituição escolar, seus atores e os  discursos relacionados a eles. Este artigo se propõe, assim, a apontar algumas representações sobre o ensino de línguas vivas na França (particularmente aquelas relacionadas a objetivos linguísticos, culturais e de avaliação) transmitidas pelos currículos do ciclo 4 (7°, 8° e 9° ano) de 2015, em conexão com outros textos, uma vez que não pode haver análise de discurso sem interdiscurso, entendido como um espaço de circulação dinâmico e conflituoso no qual um discurso mantém uma relação multiforme com outros discursos (ver Maingueneau, Charaudeau). Ao fazer isso, veremos que isso afeta as práticas diárias dos professores na sala de aula.
ENTREVISTA COM FREDA INDURSKY
Authors: Indursky Freda , Rodrigues Andréa
Published: December 2019

Entrevista com  Freda Indursky, professora titular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e pesquisadora em Análise do Discurso, autora de diversos livros na área.