bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective Impairment of Long-Range Default Mode Network Functional Connectivity as a Biomarker for Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease in People with Down Syndrome
Authors: DiProspero Natalie D. , Keator David B. , Phelan Michael , van Erp Theo G.M. , Doran Eric , Powell David K. , Van Pelt Kathryn L. , Schmitt Frederick A. , Head Elizabeth , Lott Ira T. , Yassa Michael A.
Published: November 2021

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In neurotypical individuals, clinical AD is preceded by reduced resting state functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN), but it is unknown whether changes in DMN connectivity predict clinical onset of AD in DS. Objective: Does lower DMN functional connectivity predict clinical onset of AD and cognitive decline in people with DS? Methods: Resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI), longitudinal neuropsychological, and clinical assessment data were collected on 15 nondemented people with DS (mean age = 51.66 years, SD = 5.34 years, range = 42-59 years) over four years, during which 4 transitioned to dementia. Amyloid-β (Aβ) PET data were acquired on 13 of the 15 participants. Resting state fMRI, neuropsychological, and clinical assessment data were also acquired on an independent, slightly younger unimpaired sample of 14 nondemented people with DS (mean age = 44.63 years, SD = 7.99 years, range = 38–61 years). Results: Lower functional connectivity between long-range but not short-range DMN regions predicts AD diagnosis and cognitive decline in people with DS. Aβ accumulation in the inferior parietal cortex is associated with lower regional DMN functional connectivity. Conclusion: Reduction of long-range DMN connectivity is a potential biomarker for AD in people with DS that precedes and predicts clinical conversion.
Impact of COVID-19 on ‘Living Well’ with Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the Community: Findings from the IDEAL Cohort
Authors: Clare Linda , Martyr Anthony , Gamble Laura D. , Pentecost Claire , Collins Rachel , Dawson Eleanor , Hunt Anna , Parker Sophie , Allan Louise , Burns Alistair , Hillman Alexandra , Litherland Rachael , Quinn Catherine , Matthews Fiona E. , Victor Christina
Published: November 2021

Background: Negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia have been widely-documented, but most studies have relied on carer reports and few have compared responses to information collected before the pandemic. Objective: We aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on community-dwelling individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia and compare responses with pre-pandemic data. Methods: During the second wave of the pandemic, we conducted structured telephone interviews with 173 people with dementia and 242 carers acting as informants, all of whom had previously participated in the IDEAL cohort. Where possible, we benchmarked responses against pre-pandemic data. Results: Significant perceived negative impacts were identified in cognitive and functional skills and ability to engage in self-care and manage everyday activities, along with increased levels of loneliness and discontinuity in sense of self and a decline in perceived capability to ‘live well’. Compared to pre-pandemic data, there were lower levels of pain, depression, and anxiety, higher levels of optimism, and better satisfaction with family support. There was little impact on physical health, mood, social connections and relationships, or perceptions of neighborhood characteristics. Conclusion: Efforts to mitigate negative impacts of pandemic-related restrictions and restore quality of life could focus on reablement to address the effects on participation in everyday activities, creating opportunities for social contact to reduce loneliness, and personalized planning to reconnect people with their pre-COVID selves. Such efforts may build on the resilience demonstrated by people with dementia and carers in coping with the pandemic.
Cerebrovascular microRNA Expression Profile During Early Development of Alzheimer’s Disease in a Mouse Model
Authors: Chum Phoebe P. , Hakim Md A. , Behringer Erik J.
Published: November 2021

Background: Emerging evidence demonstrates association of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with impaired delivery of blood oxygen and nutrients to and throughout the brain. The cerebral circulation plays multiple roles underscoring optimal brain perfusion and cognition entailing moment-to-moment blood flow control, vascular permeability, and angiogenesis. With currently no effective treatment to prevent or delay the progression of AD, cerebrovascular microRNA (miRNA) markers corresponding to post-transcriptional regulation may distinguish phases of AD. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that cerebrovascular miRNA expression profiles indicate developmental stages of AD pathology. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from total brain vessel segments of male and female 3xTg-AD mice [young, 1–2 mo; cognitive impairment (CI), 4–5 mo; extracellular amyloid-β plaques (Aβ), 6–8 mo; plaques+neurofibrillary tangles (AβT), 12–15 mo]. NanoString technology nCounter miRNA Expression panel for mouse was used to screen for 599 miRNAs. Results: Significant (p < 0.05) downregulation of various miRNAs indicated transitions from young to CI (e.g., let-7g & miR-1944, males; miR-133a & miR-2140, females) and CI to Aβ (e.g., miR-99a, males) but not from Aβ to AβT. In addition, altered expression of select miRNAs from overall Pre-AD (young + CI) versus AD (Aβ+ AβT) were detected in both males (let-7d, let-7i, miR-23a, miR-34b-3p, miR-99a, miR-126-3p, miR-132, miR-150, miR-151-5p, miR-181a) and females (miR-150, miR-539). Altogether, at least 20 cerebrovascular miRNAs effectively delineate AD versus Pre-AD pathology. Conclusion: Using the 3xTg-AD mouse model, these data demonstrate that cerebrovascular miRNAs pertaining to endothelial function, vascular permeability, angiogenesis, inflammation, and Aβ/tau metabolism can track early development of AD.
An Intelligent reference free adaptive learning algorithm for speech enhancement
Authors: Jyoshna Girika , Zia Ur Rahman Md.
Published: November 2021

Removing of noise component is an important task in all practical applications like hearing aids, speech therapy etc. In speech communication applications the speech components are contaminated with various types of noises. Separation of speech and noise component is a key issue in hearing aids, speech therapy applications. This paper demonstrates a hybrid version of singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and independent component analysis (ICA) based adaptive noise canceller (ANC) to separate noise and speech components. As ICA is not suitable for single channel sources, SSA is used to map signal channel data to multivariant data. Therefore, SSA based ICA decomposition is used to generate reference for noise cancellation process. Variable Step based adaptive learning algorithm is used to separate noise contaminations from speech signals. To reduce computational complexity of system, sign regressor operation is applied to the data vector of the proposed adaptive learning methodology. Performance measures such as Signal to noise ratio improvement, excess mean square error and misadjustment are calculated for various considered ANCs, their values for crane noise are 29.6633 dB, – 27.4854 dB and 0.2058 respectively. Among the various adaptive learning algorithms, sign regressor based step variable method performs better than the other algorithms. Hence this learning methodology is well suited for hearing aids and speech therapy applications due to its robustness, less computational complexity and filtering ability.
Complex-InversE: Improving bilinear knowledge graph embeddings by mapping into complex space
Authors: Cao Yukun , Miao Zeyu
Published: November 2021

Knowledge graph link prediction uses known fact links to infer the missing link information in the knowledge graph, which is of great significance to the completion of the knowledge graph. Generating low-dimensional embeddings of entities and relations which are used to make inferences is a popular way for such link prediction problems. This paper proposes a knowledge graph link prediction method called Complex-InversE in the complex space, which maps entities and relations into the complex space. The composition of complex embeddings can handle a large variety of binary relations, among them symmetric and antisymmetric relations. The Complex-InversE effectively captures the antisymmetric relations and introduces Dropout and Early-Stopping technologies into deal with the problem of small numbers of relationships and entities, thus effectively alleviates the model’s overfitting. The results of comparison experiment on the public knowledge graph datasets show that the Complex-InversE achieves good results on multiple benchmark evaluation indicators and outperforms previous methods. Complex-InversE’s code is available on GitHub at https://github.com/ZeyuMiao97/Complex-InversE.
Actigraphic and Self-reported Sleep in Traffic Accident Victims
Authors: Renner V. , Keller M. , Beuth M. , Roth W.T. , Petrowski K.
Published: November 2021

Background: Some accident victims report poorer sleep during the months after the trauma, which may double the risk for and is a mediator of the development of a PTSD. Furthermore, subjective and objective sleep measures are often discrepant in PTSD-patients, which is why a ‘sleep state misperception’ of PTSD patients is often hypothesized. Objective: The goal of this study is to assess differences in sleep quality in victims of a traffic accident compared to healthy participants without an accident history as well as differences between objective and subjective sleep quality measures. Methods: We recruited 25 hospitalized accident victims within ten days of an accident and 31 age and sex-matched controls without an accident history. Three months later, participants were given a structured clinical interview (SCID), they completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for the previous two weeks, wore a wrist actigraph, and kept a sleep log for two consecutive nights. Results: At the three-month follow-up, none of the victims met the criteria for any kind of mental disorder, but scored higher on the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. On the PSQI they reported slightly worse sleep than controls for the previous two weeks, although sleep log and actigraphy measures on the two recording nights showed no group differences. Actigraphy measures showed shorter sleep onset latencies compared to log measures. Conclusions: The accident victims suffered only minimal sleep disturbances three months later. The assumption of a ‘sleep state misperception’ in traffic accident victims is questioned by these results.
Predicting upper extremity motor improvement following therapy using EEG-based connectivity in chronic stroke
Authors: Vatinno Amanda A. , Schranz Christian , Simpson Annie N. , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan , Bonilha Leonardo , Seo N.J.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Uncertain prognosis presents a challenge for therapists in determining the most efficient course of rehabilitation treatment for individual patients. Cortical Sensorimotor network connectivity may have prognostic utility for upper extremity motor improvement because the integrity of the communication within the sensorimotor network forms the basis for neuroplasticity and recovery. OBJECTIVE: To investigate if pre-intervention sensorimotor connectivity predicts post-stroke upper extremity motor improvement following therapy. METHODS: Secondary analysis of a pilot triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Twelve chronic stroke survivors underwent 2-week task-practice therapy, while receiving vibratory stimulation for the treatment group and no stimulation for the control group. EEG connectivity was obtained pre-intervention. Motor improvement was quantified as change in the Box and Block Test from pre to post-therapy. The association between ipsilesional sensorimotor connectivity and motor improvement was examined using regression, controlling for group. For negative control, contralesional/interhemispheric connectivity and conventional predictors (initial clinical motor score, age, time post-stroke, lesion volume) were examined. RESULTS: Greater ipsilesional sensorimotor alpha connectivity was associated with greater upper extremity motor improvement following therapy for both groups (p < 0.05). Other factors were not significant. CONCLUSION: EEG connectivity may have a prognostic utility for individual patients’ upper extremity motor improvement following therapy in chronic stroke.
Influence of particles size distribution on the carbon content throughout sinter bed height
Authors: Kobelev V. A. , Nechkin G. A. , Isaenko G. E. , Kirsanov V. V.
Published: November 2021

By the previous studies it was established that the character of solid fuel distribution throughout the bed height considerably effects the sintering machines productivity and the sinter quality. The purpose of the study was assessment of solid fuel distribution in the agglomerated burden throughout the height of bed at sintering machine. Sinter mix samples were taken from three sections of the bed: 150 mm - top part, 150 mm - middle part and 170 mm - bottom part at the sintering machines of NLMK. After screening the samples, particle size distribution was determined, as well as carbon content throughout the bed height and in the particles of different sizes. It was found that all solid fuel, irrespective of the size, gets balled into sinter mix granules, fine fuel (fraction -0.63 mm) was almost evenly distributed over the granules of different sizes, while coarse fuel (+3 mm) is mainly picked up by large granules. Solid fuel of -3 mm +0.63 mm fraction is mostly balled into 3-5 mm granules. Such nature of solid fuel distribution in the granules of the pelletized mix results in suboptimal distribution of fuel throughout the bed height at sintering machines No. 1, 2, despite satisfactory size segregation of the mix: it changes from low content in the top part to a higher content at the bottom of the bed. At sintering machines No. 3, 4 where there was no size segregation of the mix, fuel distribution throughout the bed height changes from optimal to non-optimal (low content in the top part). To optimize solid fuel distribution throughout the bed height with both good and poor segregation of the mix, it is necessary to reduce the content of 0-0.5 mm particles fraction in coke breeze.
Investigation of technology schemes for the production of cast composite functional materials
Authors: Knyazev S. V. , Kutsenko A. I. , Usol'tsev A. A. , Gizatulin R. A. , Oznobikhina N. V.
Published: November 2021

Obtaining and using ligatures, modifiers and deoxidizers to obtain structural alloys of a given composition and properties in metallurgy and foundry is an important production task. One of the existing developments in the field of technologies for the preparation of functional composites on a matrix basis for non-ferrous and ferrous alloys is the combination of solid filler with a melt of an active metal binder. At that, from the filler material, which is selected from the group comprising iron, nickel, titanium, silicon, boron, manganese, first a porous workpiece of a given geometric shape with a technological total pore volume is formed, then it is heated to a temperature corresponding to the liquidus temperature of the active binder, the heating being carried out in a gas inert medium, after which the heated workpiece is impregnated with the melt of this binder by forced infiltration of the melt into the pores of the workpiece under pressure, mainly by the method of liquid stamping. The task of the study was to expand the scope of use of composites, to create a single flexible universal, and at the same time, simplified technology that will provide an opportunity to obtain a wide range of diverse in composition and service characteristics of deoxidizers, modifiers and ligatures for non-ferrous and ferrous alloys. The developed technology, based on vacuum impregnation (suction) of the matrix alloy through porous filler, makes it possible to obtain new functional metal-matrix composite materials of a given composition for use as inexpensive ligatures, modifiers and deoxidizers in metallurgical processes, as well as to simplify and make their use safe. The proposed method for obtaining ligatures, modifiers and deoxidizers provides a possibility of their industrial serial production and is easy to perform, and also reduces the cost of the metallurgy product obtained with their application by increasing the effective content of active components and their more complete assimilation, which reduces the consumption of scarce and expensive materials.
A methodology of roll pass design calculation for rails rolling using regression equations
Authors: Rubtsov V. Yu. , Novozhilov I. S. , Cherednikov V. A. , Ulegin K. A. , Alypov P. A.
Published: November 2021

In process of shaped profiles experimental rolling, it is often necessary to make adjustments to new roll pass design to ensure their physical filling, control between gaps in the values of real broadenings and reductions. In order to reduce number of possible adjustments in roll pass design process and mastering new profiles, the task of developing a model for calculating roll passes becomes actual. A model for calculating roll pass design for rolling railway rails presented. This model based on roll pass design for rolling R65 rails. The regression equations of deformation logarithmic degree were derived using example of two pre-finishing and finishing roll passes, which were used to calculate UIC60E1 rail roll pass design. A high degree of convergence of the geometry of the calculated and operating roll pass has been established. The maximum deviations from geometry of existing roll pass and calculated ones according to proposed method did not exceed 1-2 mm on each of them. It was shown that the developed model calculates exact roll pass geometry, which can be loaded into the program of a processing machine. The proposed calculation methodology can be used at roll pass design of shaped profiles of the same type of different profile sizes of the same mill, resulting in significant reduction of roll pass designed development time and number of adjustments.
Recognition of surface defects of rolled steel in sheets by application micro-X-ray spectral analysis
Authors: Sychkov A. B. , Koptseva N. V. , Efimova Yu. Yu. , Atangulova (Kamalova) G. Ya.
Published: November 2021

Surface defects of sheet rolled products have a significant impact on its quality, performance and further processing of products, for example, on application of a protective anticorrosive coating. Therefore, the elimination of such defects and their accurate identification is an important aspect of sheet rolling production. Reducing the rejection of metal for surface defects enables to get a significant technical and economic effect. Investigation of the causes of defectiveness of the surface of sheet rolled products will make it possible to determine the source of the appearance of the defects and methods to prevent them. Determination of the nature and morphology of surface defects, the sources of which being metallic and non-metallic inclusions, as well as remnants of slag surface layer, scales from metallurgical and rolling stages, rolled into the surface of a hot-rolled sheet, is often difficult, since the appearance of the defects is very similar. It was shown that application of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with micro-X-ray spectral analysis (MXSA), thermodynamic analysis makes it possible to determine the chemical composition of micro-areas and associate it with the end-to-end technology of sheet production. The article presents the results of identifying surface defects of cold-rolled sheet steel.
Phases and workup order of pre-investment stage of projects in metallurgy by the example of OJSC “BMZ - managing company of holding “BMK”
Authors: Mantsevich A. V. , Karmanovich A. V. , Mozgov S. A.
Published: November 2021

Preparation, organization and managing by investment projects are efficient mechanism of increasing efficiency of investment activity of an enterprise. OJSC “BMZ - managing company of holding “BMK” accumulated practical experience on preinvestment workup in the sphere of implementation of investment projects in the industry. It was noted that before the industrial production of a new for an enterprise products, it is necessary to pass a unique way from the project idea to the implementation of equipment, division, shop or creation of a new plant at all, using definite knowledge, methodology and instruments of managing by the projects. Theoretical fundamentals were presented to accomplish a pre-investment workup on a project, as well as requirements of legislation of Republic of Belarus' to the content and order of work on pre-investment stage of a project, phases and order of development of the pre-project (pre-investment) documentation for projects in the industry by the example of OJSC “BMZ - managing company of holding “BMK”.
CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL CAPACITY OF JUVENILE SUSPECTS AND ACCUSED
Authors: Teregulova A.I. , Yezhova E.V.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the issue of criminal procedural capacity of juvenile suspects, accused. The conclusion is made about the expediency of introducing into the scientific circulation the concepts of “criminal procedure capacity”, “partial criminal procedure capacity”. Based on the study of doctrinal sources, law enforcement practice, the authors come to the conclusion that at the legislative level it is necessary to provide for the termination of the powers of such participants in the criminal process as a legal representative, teacher (psychologist), if the suspect or accused person is under 18 years old. A draft amendment to Part 3 of Art. 420 Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation.
DETERMINATION OF THE TIME OF CONTENTS UNDER DEFENSE IN THE TERM OF PURCHASED PUNISHMENT DEPENDING ON THE CONDITIONS OF INSULATION. CRITICAL THINKING OF CHANGES IN THE CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Zhiksembaev A.A. , Sagitdinova Z.I.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the author's assessment of the latest novels of the criminal law in the field of offsetting the time of detention in the term of the sentence imposed. The attention is drawn to the incompatibility of several provisions of the Article 72 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with the principle of justice, that is a consequence of the lack of a systematic approach to amending and supplementing the criminal law. On the one hand, the article 72 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the new edition improved the situation of convicted persons, but on the other hand, the recent changes and additions put a number of convicts in an unequal position.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY AT THE PRESENT STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCTIC
Authors: Ivchenko B.P. , Kydryashov V.S.
Published: November 2021

The Arctic has a unique natural resource infrastructure potential, and its development is rightly a priority of the national security policy pursued by our state. The relevance of the topic is that the shipbuilding industry is one of the most technological sectors of the economy. She should be given a high scientific and technical potential, which requires more and more from scientific organizations for the development of new and promising technologies. As well as shipbuilding and the use of Maritime transport for the transport of goods continues to play a major role in the world and in the Russian economy. The aim of the work is to consider the problems associated with the development of the shipbuilding industry in the Arctic. The analysis of the Northern sea route, its development and importance for Russia and the world as a whole. It is concluded that the Arctic is the place, the development of which will improve both the economic and social situation of countries in the modern world.
TWO-WAY ENGAGEMENT BETWEEN EMPLOYEE AND EMPLOYER IN CORPORATE ACTIVITIES
Authors: Zakharova D.S.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the problem of motivation at the stage of corporate training and advanced training for the development of two-way engagement between employee and employer. The author points out that involvement required from two sides: on behalf of the employee to become more successful, to obtain a result that is objectively measured criteria - the level of wages or the receipt of financial incentives. Involvement on behalf of employer is searching of specific methods and tools, which together will lead to effective motivation of the employee. As the successful operation of such models in the field of material employees' remuneration the article considers foreign experience. Objective criterion - the comparison of wages of foreign countries and Russia allows to make a conclusion that Russia occupies a low position on the level of wages and material incentives is rarely used and is not flexible. In practice, the employer focused on the minimum wage, leaving the incentive part of the wages at their discretion. Thus, developing mechanisms using a model material incentives, the employer motivates employees and potential who have trained for involvement in the work and labour efficiency.
STRUCTURAL-SEMIOTIC PATTERNS OF WEATHER OMENS AND THEIR SEMANTIC-FUNCTIONAL CLASSES
Authors: Strausov V.N. , Strausova S.K. , Frolova A.V.
Published: November 2021

The technique of reconstructing the thematic pairs of weather omens does not reveal the patterns for their formation. This strategy of analysis does not provide an answer to the question of how a particular event situation is related to a specific weather forecast. The deep semiotic structures of the upcoming weather omens will not fundamentally differ from the semiotic structures of other omens, because their patterns are formed from the actualized semantic features of binary oppositions, in which the event and predictive parts of omens will be implemented. The article analyzes the signs, in the event part of which the meteorological and other natural phenomena are described, the "behavior" of the material objects, the behavior of animals, birds and other faunal forms, body sensations, their structural and semiotic patterns are determined and their belonging to semantic-functional classes are identified.
ADAPTATION PROGRAMS AT THE STAGE OF TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES IN THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEM
Authors: Zakharova D.S.
Published: November 2021

The article touches upon the problems of pithiness and development of adaptation programs used at the training stage among young specialists. An analysis of the interpretation of adaptation. The general approach, according to the ADDIE training and development model, is considered, as well as the author's approach, taking into account the typological features of adaptation, when building adaptation programs. The analysis of the problem in foreign countries was carried out, effective techniques and measures were noted that allow to increase the objective and subjective indicators in the main aspects. Measures are recommended, attention is focused on a thorough methodological study of the professional and socio-psychological aspects of adaptation programs. A general scheme is recommended when developing adaptation programs at the training stage with a breakdown into blocks.
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: NEW THEORIES
Authors: Topoleva T.N.
Published: November 2021

The increasing importance of the Russian regions in increasing the efficiency of socio-economic development of the country actualizes scientific research on the balanced development of the regional economy and spatial coherence of economic processes. Within the framework of regional studies, both traditional and classical theories and new theoretical approaches to the problems of regional development are systematized and typologized. The article presents a fragmentary review of new theories and concepts of regional growth, including: the concept of sustainable development, cluster concept, the concept of "smart specialization", regional foresight, paradigms of studying the region as a quasi-state, quasi-Corporation, market area and region-society. The attention is focused on the theories of regional development cyclicity and studies related to the analysis of economic dynamics. The conclusion is made about the need for further research on the problems of interregional cooperation and the formation of regions as subjects of the common economic space.
LEGAL CAPACITY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Shapsugova M.D.
Published: November 2021

Digitalization of the economy makes research in the field of artificial intelligence relevant. The introduction of robots in all spheres of human life gives rise to problems of responsibility for the actions of artificial intelligence, for example, in the event of an accident involving an unmanned taxi. No less relevant is the problem of intellectual property in the results of intellectual activity. Who should be considered the author of a work created by artificial intelligence: the robot itself, man? These practical problems entail the need for a scientific and theoretical understanding of the personality of the robot. The article explores the basic approaches to understanding artificial intelligence, its types. It is determined as the degree of autonomy of artificial intelligence can determine its legal personality.
PHILOSOPHY AND THE STOCK EXCHANGE: ANTHROPOLOGICAL HOMOLOGY OF PROCESSES THROUGH THE PRISM OF PHILOSOPHY OF THE GAME
Authors: Klyuev A.A. , Sukhanova E.V. , Bakunov G.M.
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the stock exchange phenomenon into the context of the current "culture of finance" and the "theology of prosperity" as the key metaphor of human activity. It makes a conclusion on fundamental different anthropological types which participate in the stock exchange processes. The paper presents the homological comparison between the category of the gamer from the game study philosophy and the category of the actors of the stock exchange processes. It also makes a conclusion on the mutual influence of the mechanisms of making knowledge within the framework of the philosophical academic system and the stock exchange as a social institution.
CONTEMPORARY ART IN THE CONTEXT OF TEACHING PRACTICES: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Shmeleva N.V. , Saimiddinov A.K.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the status of contemporary art in the system of university education, addresses the need for determine the boundaries of art in the framework of pedagogical practice, offers methods of analysis of contemporary art, because such university courses as "World Art Studies" (WAS) and "History of Art" have a number of specific features. Firstly, a work of art is often presented as a cultural text with significant axiological meaning and considered as a history of the development of art, but not as art itself. Secondly, the logic of teaching requires the definition of clearer tools for the selection of studied works of art. Also, the teaching methods such disciplines as "WAS" or "History of Art" are closely intertwined with methods of analyzing the existing empirical base in the field of contemporary (or near modern) art. Teaching of artistic culture of the twentieth century, as a rule, rests in an insufficient understanding of the specifics of creative practices of the Modern and Postmodern eras (if you use some kind of common periodicals), therefore, often, extrapolating an established didactic platform relating exclusively to classical art is clearly not enough.
Second update of the Annotated List of the Birds of Paraguay (Guyra Paraguay 2004)
Authors:   Guyra Paraguay, Avda. Carlos Bóveda. Parque Ecológico Capital Verde, Asunción, Paraguay, del Castillo Hugo
Published: November 2021

We present the second update to the Annotat- ed Checklist of the Birds of Paraguay, following a first update published in 2013. In this update, 13 species are documented for the first time, two are removed due to taxonomic changes, and two are upgraded from “Pending” to “Documented”. Six of the newly documented species are genuine firsts for the country, with no previous mentions. The new total of the birds of Paraguay is 720 spe- cies, with 711 “Documented” and nine “Pending”. Over the past 26 years species have been added to the Paraguayan list at a rate of 2.9 species per year.
First report of the western conifer seed bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910 (Hemiptera, Coreidae) in Paraguay
Authors:   Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, Garcete-Barrett Bolívar R. , Rios Sergio D. ,   Departamento de Arqueología y Paleontología. Secretaría Nacional de Cultura. Asunción, Paraguay, Galeano Sergio ,   Museo Histórico Ambiental. Entidad Binacional Yacyretá
Published: November 2021

The Western conifer seed bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910, native to western North America and in ongoing worldwide expansion, is recorded from Paraguay for the first time.
Automated Condition Monitoring with Remaining Lifetime Assessment for Wire Ropes in Ladle Cranes
Authors: Sukhorukov Vasily , Slesarev Dmitry , Shpakov Ivan , Volokhovsky Vasily Yu. , Vorontsov Alexander , Shalashilin Alexander
Published: November 2021

The hazards and deterioration of operating wire ropes on overhead cranes, which articulate the ladle in the basic oxygen steelmaking process and are subjected to intensive periodic loads and exposure to high temperatures, are discussed. An automated condition monitoring system (ACMS) based on a magnetic flux leakage testing (MFL) flaw detector permanently installed on the rope under test is used. An algorithm of the rope’s residual tensile strength assessment is provided. A specially developed software that submits a decision on the rope’s condition to the crane operator is described. The practice of combining magnetic rope testing (MRT) and tensile strength analysis for the quantitative assessment of rope condition is reviewed. Practical issues are also discussed, such as how to establish the condition monitoring process, set loss thresholds for rope metallic cross-sectional area, and safely prolong the service life of rope.
Effect of Crack Orientation on Laminated CFRP Composites Using Vibration and Numerical Analysis
Authors: Moustafa Essam , Almitani Khalid , Hussein Hossameldin
Published: November 2021

Crack orientation, a critical parameter, significantly affects the dynamic properties of composite structures. Experimental free vibration tests were conducted on carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite plates at room temperature with different crack orientations. Dynamic properties such as damping ratio, natural frequency, and storage modulus were measured using a four-channel dynamic pulse analyzer. Multi-sensors were mounted on the test plate to pick up the vibration signals. Experimental modal analysis was performed to identify the first three mode shapes of the defective plates. A numerical model using ANSYS software was developed via parametric investigation to predict the correlation between crack orientation and resonant frequencies with corresponding mode shapes. The orientation of the introduced cracks had a significant effect on the dynamic properties of CFRP composites. Vertical cracks had the most significant influence on the eigenvalues of the mode shape frequencies. Furthermore, the damping ratio was an effective method to detect the cracks in CFRP composites.
Statute-Barred Date: Why Isn't There Always One?
Authors: Chow Grace , Shew Henry
Published: November 2021

The Canadian Income Tax Act imposes limitations on the time period during which the minister is allowed to assess or reassess a taxpayer. Generally, the limitation period for assessment or reassessment is three or four years from the date of the original assessment. This article addresses the many provisions in the Act that give the minister the authority to assess or reassess without specifying a limitation period. The authors group these provisions into categories according to the circumstances that they address. Within this framework, they review the rationale behind the omission of a limitation period and consider whether that policy is justified. The authors then provide a summary discussion of the positions of the Canada Revenue Agency and the courts with respect to assessment beyond the normal limitation period, and the options available to taxpayers who seek to make changes to a statute-barred return. Finally, the authors present their recommendations for the amendment of specific provisions where a limitation period would be justified.
Policy Forum: A Critical Analysis of Property Taxation Under the First Nations Fiscal Management Act as a Self-Government Tool
Authors: Boissonneault Audrey
Published: November 2021

The First Nations Fiscal Management Act (FMA) delegates the power to levy property taxes to band councils. The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the effectiveness of the legislation as a self-government tool. Section 5(1) of the FMA allows band councils to levy property taxes both to increase their economic capacity—providing them with a source of income—and to improve self-government. However, this grant of power is subject to numerous conditions. These include compliance with the financial management requirements set out in the act, as well as approval of property tax laws by the First Nations Tax Commission (FNTC) (the majority of the members of which are appointed by the federal government). Also, the taxes imposed must comply with regulations set by the governor in council, which currently cover the property assessment process (including an appeal process), interest and penalties, and inspection of property. There have been two attempts by property taxpayers to overturn the decisions of the FNTC by way of judicial review. The fact that both were unsuccessful has somewhat mitigated criticism of the constraints on First Nation self-government imposed by the FMA. Overall, the federal government maintains significant control over the law-making process by which First Nations levy property taxes, both directly through regulations and indirectly through its dominant presence on the FNTC. Reform is needed: real powers need to be delegated to meet the stated objective of creating meaningful self-government for participating First Nations. The power to impose property taxes was first delegated to band councils by the Indian Act in 1951. Therefore, it is high time that First Nations be granted the right to exercise that power without federal intervention. Constitutional protection of the right to self-government must be the ultimate goal.
Income Tax Complexity Faced by Multinational Corporations: A Comparative Study of Canada, the United States, and Other Selected OECD Countries
Authors: Sturm Susann
Published: November 2021

This study examines the complexity of Canada's corporate income tax system from the perspective of multinational corporations and compares it with the complexity of the US system, also taking into account measures of complexity for 19 other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The author finds that with regard to the Canadian tax code, the most complex laws are those on corporate reorganization, transfer pricing, and controlled foreign corporations, and with regard to the Canadian tax framework, the most complex areas are tax audits, tax-law enactment, and tax guidance. In comparison with other OECD countries, Canada is remarkably similar to the United States. Both countries have a medium level of overall complexity, and both have a more complex tax code but a less complex tax framework than other countries. However, a closer examination of the Canadian and US tax codes and tax frameworks reveals some significant differences in complexity levels, particularly in respect of certain tax laws.
Nesting preferences of the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas L.) and the hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata L.) in the SW of Mahe Island in the Seychelles
Authors: Mata F. , Mata P.
Published: November 2021

Data concerning 212 turtles emerging on the southwest beaches of Mahe Island in the Seychelles were collected in 2017 and 2018. These data were used to model the probability of eggs being laid in relation to several variables. The probability of successful laying after emergence was highest on certain beaches and in areas of short vegetation, between open sand and trees. We found successful laying was related to the physical properties of the soil, indicating that survivability of embryos and hatchlings is higher in certain areas. The turtles appeared to choose zones where soil had low salinity, good drainage but ability to retain water, and absence of spring tides and extreme temperatures.
Erasme et le pouvoir de l'imprimerie
Authors: Crousaz Karine
Published: November 2021

Érasme, surnommé le “Prince des humanistes”, était un des plus grand succès de librairie de son temps. Franck Hieronymus a estimé que les œuvres d’Érasme ont bénéficié, avant la mort de l’écrivain en 1536, d’environ 1260 impressions ou réimpressions. Si nous multiplions ce nombre par un tirage moyen de 1’000 exemplaires, qui est même légèrement sous-évalué, nous obtenons plus de 1,2 million d’exemplaires. Ce chiffre, qui ne tient pas compte des éditions philologiques d’auteurs antiques réalisées par Érasme, reste certes théorique. Il peut cependant nous donner une idée de la présence de l’humaniste hollandais dans le paysage éditorial du début du XVIe siècle. Bien entendu, la grande majorité des ouvrages ainsi recensés correspond à des réimpressions faites par des imprimeurs avec lesquels Érasme n’a eu aucun contact direct. La question centrale de cette étude est de savoir ce que l’humaniste pensait de l’imprimerie et comment il a évalué et valorisé le pouvoir de ce moyen de communication. Considère-t-il comme Rabelais dans son Pantagruel que c’est une invention divine, favorisant considérablement la cause des bonnes lettres et de l’humanisme? ou à l’inverse comme une technique au pouvoir dangereux, qu’il s’agit de contrôler soigneusement? Il apparaît qu’Érasme, fort conscient du pouvoir de l’imprimerie, cherche certes à l’employer au mieux, mais également parfois à en limiter l’emploi pour les autres. Ce désir exprimé par l’humaniste que les autorités contrôlent la production imprimée est en effet passé sous silence par les spécialistes d’Érasme. Lorsqu’ils abordent le thème de la censure, c’est seulement pour indiquer les interdictions qui ont frappé les œuvres de l’humaniste, jamais pour se demander comment Érasme jugeait la censure de manière générale.
THE PROBLEM OF ENFORCEMENT THE RIGHT TO PROTECTION ON APPEAL CASES IN COURT PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Гарифуллин Ильгиз
Published: November 2021

The problem of normative regulation of the debate procedures in the court of appeal is discussed. The author considers that the current procedure violates the adversarial principle of parties. At the same time, the defense team is more voidable. Considering the fact that the judicial pleadings are an integral part of the appellate litigation, a solution to this problem is proposed.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE SPELLING THE WORD «RAZISKNOY»
Authors: Макова Ольга
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to one of the most controversial topic about the spelling of the words «razisknoy». Based on the analysis of the spelling dictionaries published before the revolution, the author comes to the conclusion that in the Russian grammar of that period the spelling was «razisknoy». The spelling of the word «rozisknoy» was noted in the «Spelling dictionary of the Russian language» in 1956 and until 1999 it remained normative. This variant does not correspond to the norms of the modern Russian standard language and the use of the morpheme principle in this case is wrong. According to the author's opinion, the current edition of the Federal Law, August 12, 1995 «On Concerning Investigative Activities» hampers the final unification of the spelling of this word.
Book monument imprint: Identifying via foreign information resources
Authors: Grisha E. A.
Published: November 2021

The author reviews foreign science publication, websites, digital databases, catalogs and methods to be used to specify imprints of book monuments and their history as exemplified by 16-th century collection of Russian Academy of Arts Library. The collection comprises over 60 books published in Western Europe; with the special attention to the collection in architecture, in particular books published by Sebastiano Serlio (1475 – c. 1554). To attribute the publications, the catalogs of foreign museums and libraries, bibliographic, fulltext, factographic and objectographic databases in the art market, e. g. ArtPrice, MutualArt, Invaluable, were used to reveal various guides in 16-th century architecture, catalogs of private collections, and auction sale catalogs. The author discusses the methods to use the identified sources to attribute book monuments, as exemplified by Sebastiano Serlio’s books in architecture, and to investigate into this area further.
Validity and Reliability Study of the Situational Interest Scale in Turkish
Authors: MEŞE Can
Published: November 2021

Interest has a key role in the learning and teaching processes. Although interest could be categorized as individual, situational, and topic interest. Situational interest that educators could design, develop, and organize with instructional design is the most significant. The structure of situational interest consists of triggered situational interest, maintained situational interest feeling, and maintained situational interest. The current study aimed to determine the conceptual structure of the situational interest scale by adapting into Turkish. For this purpose, the study also aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish language adaptation of situational interest scale developed by Linnenbrink-Garcia et al. in 2010. Turkish language adaptation of the situational interest scale has a good fit in all parameters for first order CFA analysis (c2 /df = 2.349, RMSEA = 0.078, SRMR = 0.025, CFI = 0.976, TLI = 0.969) without modification. It was calculated the Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient calculated for each factor: .901 for the triggered situational interest, .949 for the maintained situational interest feeling, .945 for the maintained situational interest value, and .963 for the whole scale. In the study, it was recommended for future studies to determine the validity and reliability of the situational interest scale with subjects at various education levels.
A Model of Well-Being to Protect Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: KARA Ahmet , KALAY USTA Tuba
Published: November 2021

In this study; a structural model for the psychological well-being of teachers in the beginning epidemic of COVID-19 has been constructed and it is aimed to examine the mediating role of hope in the relationship between psychological resilience and psychological well-being. A total of 1059 teachers serving in Turkey, 729 female (%68.8) and 330 male (%31.2), whose ages vary between 21 and 62 (▁X=35.83; SD=9.17), participated voluntarily in this study. Brief resilience scale, dispositional hope scale and psychological well-being scale were used for data collection. Testing the hypothetically determined model was carried out with the Structural Equation Modeling technique and the significance of its indirect effects was assessed by bootstrapping analysis. As a result, a structural well-being model has been obtained for teachers to protect their mental health and it was proved that hope has a full mediating role in the relationship between psychological resilience and psychological well-being in this research.