bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The full Boltzmann hierarchy for dark matter-massive neutrino interactions
Authors: Mosbech Markus R. , Boehm Celine , Hannestad Steen , Mena Olga , Stadler Julia , Wong Yvonne Y.Y.
Published: March 2021

The impact of dark matter-neutrino interactions on the measurement of the cosmological parameters has been investigated in the past in the context of massless neutrinos exclusively. Here we revisit the role of a neutrino-dark matter coupling in light of ongoing cosmological tensions by implementing the full Boltzmann hierarchy for three massive neutrinos. Our tightest 95% CL upper limit on the strength of the interactions, parameterized via uχ =σ0/σTh(mχ/100 GeV)−1, is uχ≤3.34 · 10−4, arising from a combination of Planck TTTEEE data, Planck lensing data and SDSS BAO data. This upper bound is, as expected, slightly higher than previous results for interacting massless neutrinos, due to the correction factor associated with neutrino masses. We find that these interactions significantly relax the lower bounds on the value of σ_8 that is inferred in the context of ΛCDM from the Planck data, leading to agreement within 1-2σ with weak lensing estimates of σ8, as those from KiDS-1000. However, the presence of these interactions barely affects the value of the Hubble constant H0.
Effects of an exoskeleton-assisted gait training on post-stroke lower-limb muscle coordination
Authors: Zhu Fangshi , Kern Marcie , Fowkes Erin , Afzal Taimoor , Contreras-Vidal Jose-Luis , Francisco Gerard E , Chang Shuo-Hsiu
Published: March 2021

Objective. Powered exoskeletons have been used to help persons with gait impairment regain some walking ability. However, little is known about its impact on neuromuscular coordination in persons with stroke. The objective of this study is to investigate how a powered exoskeleton could affect the neuromuscular coordination of persons with post-stroke hemiparesis.

Approach. Eleven able-bodied subjects and ten stroke subjects participated in a single-visit treadmill walking assessment, in which their motion and lower-limb muscle activities were captured. By comparing spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, and muscle synergy pattern between two groups, we characterized the normal gait pattern and the post-stroke motor deficits. Five eligible stroke subjects received exoskeleton-assisted gait trainings and walking assessments were conducted pre-intervention (Pre) and post-intervention (Post), without (WO) and with (WT) the exoskeleton. We compared their gait performance between (a) Pre and Post to investigate the effect of exoskeleton-assisted gait training and, (b) WO and WT the exoskeleton to investigate the effect of exoskeleton wearing on stroke subjects.

Main results. While four distinct motor modules were needed to describe lower-extremity activities during stead-speed walking among able-bodied subjects, three modules were sufficient for the paretic leg from the stroke subjects. Muscle coordination complexity, module composition and activation timing were preserved after the training, indicating the intervention did not significantly change the neuromuscular coordination. In contrast, walking WT the exoskeleton altered the stroke subjects’ synergy pattern, especially on the paretic side. The changes were dominated by the activation profile modulation towards the normal pattern observed from the able-bodied group.

Significance. This study gave us some critical insight into how a powered exoskeleton affects the stroke subjects’ neuromuscular coordination during gait and demonstrated the potential to use muscle synergy as a method to evaluate the effect of the exoskeleton training.

This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT03057652).
Reconstruction of hand, elbow and shoulder actual and imagined trajectories in 3D space using EEG current source dipoles
Authors: Sosnik Ronen , Zheng Li
Published: March 2021

Objective. Growing evidence suggests that electroencephalography (EEG) electrode (sensor) potential time series (PTS) of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) hold motor neural correlates that can be used for motion trajectory prediction, commonly by multiple linear regression (mLR). It is not yet known whether arm-joint trajectories can be reliably decoded from current sources, computed from sensor data, from which brain areas they can be decoded and using which neural features. Approach. In this study, the PTS of 44 sensors were fed into sLORETA source localization software to compute current source activity in 30 regions of interest (ROIs) found in a recent meta-analysis to be engaged in action execution, motor imagery and motor preparation. The current sources PTS and band-power time series (BTS) in several frequency bands and time lags were used to predict actual and imagined trajectories in 3D space of the three velocity components of the hand, elbow and shoulder of nine subjects using an mLR model. Main results. For all arm joints and movement types, current source SCPs PTS contributed most to trajectory reconstruction with time lags 150, 116 and 84 ms providing the highest contribution, and current source BTS in any of the tested frequency bands was not informative. Person’s correlation coefficient (r) averaged across movement types, arm joints and velocity components using source data was slightly lower than using sensor data (r = 0.25 and r = 0.28, respectively). For each ROI, the three current source dipoles had different contribution to the reconstruction of each of the three velocity components. Significance. Overall, our results demonstrate the feasibility of predicting of actual and imagined 3D trajectories of all arm joints from current sources, computed from scalp EEG. These findings may be used by developers of a future BCI as a validated set of contributing ROIs.
Prototype of Temperature Monitoring System for BTS Shelter using Android Smartphone
Authors: Rahayu Siti Utari , Lubis Naufal Nabawi
Published: March 2021

One of the problems with telecommunication devices inside the BTS shelter is the fluctuated heat and voltage, which can cause damage to the device, resulting in disruption of communication between the receiver and the transmitter. This study aimed to design a prototype of temperature monitoring system for BTS shelter using Android smartphone, so that the temperature inside the BTS shelter remains controlled in accordance with the standard temperature. The prototype system uses a chamber with the size of 37.5 cm x 25 cm x 22.5 cm as a simulation of the BTS shelter. The temperature sensor used to detect the temperature inside the chamber is LM35. The cooling system employed in this prototype consists of a mini fan to circulate the cool air generated from ice cubes. The normal temperature of telecommunication device is defined to be in the range of 22°C to 36°C. The temperature inside the chamber is displayed in Arduino Bluetooth LM35, which is available on Android smartphones. If the temperature of the chamber exceeds the defined temperature, the cooling system will be active, and when the temperature of the chamber has returned to its normal state, the cooling system will switch off automatically. Based on the results of the temperature detection calibration with Elitech Digital Thermometer, the average %error was 6.9%. This indicates that the design of this prototype should be customized for larger scale.
Design and construction of an electrical furnace chamber based on RERIH system for high temperature
Authors: Ritonga Winsyahputra , Harahap Mukti Hamjah , Putra Stevano F. Y , Rajagukguk Juniastel
Published: March 2021

One of the important parts of an electric furnace is the combustion chamber which is used to heat or melt materials. The chamber system which is based on the refractory, element, Rockwool, insulator, and Hebel (RERIH) has been successfully designed to reach high temperatures up to 1200°C. The refractory layer is designed from a mixture of trimortar cement and water. To obtain one side of the refractory, the composition of trimortar cement used is 2 kg mixed with 1 liter of water. The number of refractory sides needed for the electric furnace chamber is six sides, each of which is placed on the front, back, top, bottom, left side, and right side. To retain heat in the chamber, the refractory is covered with heat-resistant ceramic fibers (Rockwool). The Rockwool used has a density of 160 Kg / m3 and a thermal conductivity of 0.23 W / m.K. The maximum temperature that this Rockwool can withstand is 1260°C. The third layer as a heat barrier in the chamber is an insulator, which is a lightweight brick block made of a mixture of alumina. This refractory thermal insulation brick contains more than 48% alumina oxide so it has lower thermal conductivity and better heat insulation qualities. Meanwhile, the last layer is the placement of Hebel or light cement blocks made from lime which is usually used for building walls. This Hebel has dimensions (w x w x h) of 600 x 200 x 100 mm3.
Quality Analysis of Repeated Frying of Bulked Palm Oil on Red Potato using a Deep Fryer
Authors: Damanik Marini , Khairani Indah , Harahap Fitriani
Published: March 2021

The repeated use of cooking oil will cause the oil to be damaged by oxidation during the frying process. Thus, it is not good for health if it is continuously consumed. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality standard of cooking oil that was used repeatedly by testing the amount of peroxide, free fatty acids, and water content within the SNI 01-3741-2013 limits. The research was carried out 25 times of frying, at a temperature of 180°C, and a time of 7.5 minutes on red potatoes using a deep fryer. The result of the peroxide number test before frying was 5.24 mek O2/kg, and there was damage in the 11th frying pan with a value of 10.99 mek O2/kg. While the free fatty acids before frying are 0.16 mg KOH/g. and there was damage to the 19th pan, namely 0.64 mg KOH/g. the water content before frying is 0.14% b/b and the first cooking oil has met the SNI standard, namely 0.15% b/b. So it is known that the more frequent frying is done, the quality of cooking oil will decrease and will be carcinogenic.
The Effectiveness of Online Supported Learning in High School Students on Invertebrate Topics
Authors: Wisnu Brata Wasis Wuyung , Arsila Putri
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the magnitude of the feasibility of the implementation of learning supported by online learning towards students’ outcomes in invertebrate material in grade 10 SMA Negeri 10 Medan TP 2019/2020. The method used in this study is an experimental study using the form of One Group Pretest Post Test that is giving treatment to one group and then observing the results. Treatment (treatment) as an independent variable and the result as a dependent variable. This design is used to examine a group by giving one treatment and measuring it once without the comparison group. The sample used was grade 10 students of SMA Negeri 10 Medan. Data collection techniques using questions and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is N-Gain Analysis. This research is beneficial for schools and teachers to choose the right learning innovation for biology learning in high school and the implementation of learning supported by e-learning. And as a preliminary data or reference for biology education program students if they want to carry out further research on this matter. The results of the study show that the n-gain calculation test is 0.64, which means that learning outcomes have increased in the medium category. Thus it can be said that learning using e-learning can be said to be effective and helpful in improving student learning outcomes.
Increased Stability of Styrax benzoin Extract and Fraction with the Addition of Cosolvents
Authors: Susanti Nora , Purba Jamalum , Simatupang Dedi P
Published: March 2021

The gum resin of S. benzoin is a very important commodity in the world of industrialization and really needs the attention of the frankincense farmers. This is based on the many benefits of the plants which are only limited to livelihoods. The purpose of the research are to know the results of increasing the stability of the gum styrax benzoin with the addition of cosolvents. The identification of the components of secondary metabolites using phytochemical screening. The methodology of the research is maceration the gum styrax benzoin ash with Etanol solvent until all samples are immersed and carried out in a glass bottle for three days. The research was continued with identification of the components of secondary metabolites using phytochemical screening. The findings of the research is analysis using phytochemical screening shows the secondary metabolites styrax benzoin such as alkaloids, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and terpenoid. The limitations of the research is focuses on 3 variations in the Cosolvent of propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and triethanolamine. The reserch have value specifically the gum styrax benzoin is used as the solubility of several pharmaceutical compunds.
The Development of Online Physics Test System at SMA CT Foundation Medan
Authors: Tanjung Yul Ifda , Wulandari Dewi , Bakar Abu , Ramadhani Irham
Published: March 2021

The objective of this research is to design and develop the online physics test system which is conducted at SMA CT Foundation Medan. This research is a part of Research and Development (R&D) which accommodates Van de Akker method in the development stages. The subject of this research is class XII consisting of 48 students who interest in natural sciences majors. This research consists of four stages namely: preliminary research; prototyping; summative evaluation and reflection stages. This research instrument consists of validation instruments and tests. The results of this research are: i) the online test system product is feasible to use because it fills the standard of system eligibility indicators including content, interface, navigation, configuration, and security with the percentage of 86,60% which is in a decent category; ii) the product also satisfy the media feasibility standard including correctness, reliability, integrity, and usability with the percentage 81.30% which is in a good category; iii) the results of student response testing including indicators of correctness, reliability, integrity, usability, and usefulness give percentage 86,90% which is a very good category. Thus, this online test system can be used to as a medium to measure students’ abilities in physics subjects.
The Study of Stability and Structure of the Interaction Between β-Carotene Compounds with Methanol, Ethanol, Acetone, Chloroform, Carbon Tetrachloride, Cyclohexane, and N-Hexane using the Hartree-Fock and the Density Functional Theory Method
Authors: Nugraha Asep Wahyu , Muchtar Zainuddin , Jahro Iis Siti , Sutiani Ani , Nasution Haqqi Annazili , Ivansyah Atthar Luqman
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the stability and structure on the interaction between β-carotene compounds with methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, and n-hexane compounds. This research is a molecular modeling using computational chemistry calculations with the function/basis set RHF/3-21G and B3LYP/3-21G. The computational chemistry calculations used Gaussian 09 Revision D 01 and visualization used the Jmol and Avogadro software. The data obtained from computational chemistry calculations with the function/basis set RHF/3-21G on the interaction between β-carotene -methanol compounds are ΔE = -11.899 kJ / mol, β-carotene -ethanol ΔE = -12.256 kJ/mol, β-carotene -acetone ΔE = -9.276 kJ/mol, β-carotene -chloroform ΔE = 5.262 kJ/mol, β-carotene -carbon tetrachloride ΔE = 3.747 kJ/mol, β-carotene-cyclohexane ΔE = 2.691 kJ/mol, β-carotene-n-hexane ΔE = 6.453 kJ/mol. The data obtained with the function/basis set B3LYP/3-21G on the interaction between β-carotene-methanol compounds are ΔE = -24.588 kJ/mol, β-carotene -ethanol ΔE = -25.123 kJ/mol, β-carotene -acetone ΔE = -18.140 kJ/mol, β-carotene -chloroform ΔE = 2.255kJ/mol, β-carotene -carbon tetrachloride ΔE = -1.187 kJ/mol, β-carotene-cyclohexane ΔE = -0.801 kJ/mol, β-carotene -hexane ΔE = -0.412 kJ/mol. Based on the analysis of thermodynamic data from computational chemistry calculations with the function / basis set UHF/3-21G and B3LYP/3-21G, it was found that β-carotene-ethanol and β-carotene-methanol mixtures had very stable mixtures.
High Order Thinking Skills: Can It Increase by using Realistic Mathematics Education?
Authors: Hilmi I , Dewi I
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to know (1) mathematics learning by realistic mathematics education which increase students’s high order thinking skills, (2) the increasing student’s high order thinking skills by using realistic mathematics education. This research used classroom action research as the method which consists of four stages: planning, action, observing, and reflection. This classroom action research was conducted in one of the senior high school in Tanjung Morawa, Indonesia. The result of this research indicate that realistic mathematics education can increase students’ high order thinking skills. The increasing of students’ high order thinking skill can be seen by the mean of score in cycle I which is 61,94 and 86,39 in cycle II. The increasing is also seen in classical completeness in cycle I which is 33,33% and 86,66% in cycle II. The N-Gain in cycle I is 0,42 in medium category and 0,70 for cycle II in high category.
Comparison of Extraction Techniques for the Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soil
Authors: Erawaty Silalahi Ester Tio Minar , Anita Sofia , Teruna Hilwan Y.
Published: March 2021

The development of a simple method for the extraction and determination polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soil by applying the clean-up, and pre concentration technique has been validated with limits of detection and limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery and others factor. The implemented techniques were Soxhlet, ultrasonication and mechanical shaking and followed by solid phase extraction C-18 (SPE) to clean up and pre-concentrated was investigated. The results were compared to determine the method with the highest extraction efficiency. Chromatographic conditions for the separation of PAHs using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using Ultraviolet – Diode Array Detector (UV-DAD) were also optimised. Analysis of standard spiked soil blank resulted in recoveries 70 – 107% for ultrasonic, 55 – 110% for mechanical shaker and 57 – 99% for Soxhlet.
Spectroscopic Properties and Judd-Ofelt Analysis of Eu3+ doped Ba-Na-B Glasses for Photonic Applications
Authors: Luewarasirikul N , Kaewkhao J
Published: March 2021

In this work, barium sodium borate glasses doped with europium ions were fabricated by melt-quenching technique with the compositions of 10BaO:25Na2O:(65-x)B2O3:xEu2O3(where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol%). The density, molar volume and refractive index were carried out at room temperature. The densities of the Eu3+-doped glass samples are around 2.6663 to 2.7850 g/cm3, the molar volumes are around 28.5337 to 29.3455 cm3/mol and the refractive indexes are around 1.5379 to 1.5624. The absorption spectra, recorded in the UV-Vis-NIR region from 350 to 2500 nm, showed the highest peak at 393 nm (corresponding to the 7F0→5L6 transition) in Vis region. The emission spectra, observed with 394 nm excitation wavelength, showed the peaks centered at 590, 613, 652 and 700 nm (corresponding to the 5D0→7F1, 7F2, 7F3 and 7F4 transitions, respectively). The luminescence lifetimes were found to be 1.948, 1.938, 1.924, 1.913 and 1.901 ms for 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol% of Eu2O3 doped in the glass samples, respectively. The color coordinates of the emitted light for all glass samples were found to be (0.65, 0.35) in the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram (located in reddish orange region). The emission spectra showed that the glass with 1.5 mol% of Eu2O3 provided the highest peak for all glass samples because of the concentration quenching effect. Judd-Ofelt analysis was also employed in this work to investigate the radiative properties of the glass samples.
Prediction of Covid-19 Infection in Indonesia Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Zakiyyah H , Suyanto S
Published: March 2021

Currently, the world is experiencing a prolonged pandemic known as Covid-19. Many prediction models of Covid-19 have been developed by the governments to make the right decisions to control the outbreak. In Indonesia, there is also much research on the prediction of Covid-19 using machine learning methods, which provide the statistics to predict the total cases, the total deaths, the peak and the end of the pandemic. This paper investigates three prediction models: Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree (DT) in predicting total cases and total deaths of Covid-19 in Indonesia. First, a preprocessing is applied to change the string data to the numerical dataset using a label encoder. Second, the models are trained using the Covid-19 Indonesia Time Series All Dataset (CITSAD) with 90% and 10% train/test split. The three models are then investigated to predict new cases and new deaths. The evaluation using the CITSAD of ten provinces in Indonesia shows that DT gives the highest accuracy of 93% and provides the fastest processing time of 48.4 seconds.
Recognizing Five Major Dialects in Indonesia Based on MFCC and DRNN
Authors: Tawaqal B , Suyanto S
Published: March 2021

Dialect is a variation of the language used by a group of people, sometimes in a particular region. It plays an essential role in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In general, an ASR gives high accuracy for a dialect-specific case, but it obtains a low accuracy for the multi-dialect application, such as for the Indonesian language that has hundreds of dialects. In this research, a system to recognize various dialects in Indonesia is developed. First, an utterance is preprocessed using both normalization and framing. Second, its features are then extracted using the Mel frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCC), which is one of the feature extraction methods for the best acoustic signals. Finally, a deep recurrent neural network (DRNN) is used to learn and classify dialect characteristics. Evaluation of the dataset of five major dialects in Indonesia shows that the greater the Epoch and Bath Size, the greater the accuracy produced by the DRNN. However, accuracy is not directly proportional to the value of both parameters. The Epoch of 30 and Batch Size of 30 are the optimum parameters that yield the highest accuracy of 87.0% for the training set. Evaluation of the testing set shows that it gives an accuracy of 85.4% for the unseen dialects.
Prediction Modelling of COVID-19 on Provinces in Indonesia using Long Short-Term Memory Machine Learning
Authors: Wibowo F W , Wihayati
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 is a dangerous virus that has been declared by the world health organization (WHO) as a pandemic. Many countries have taken policies to control the virus’s spread and have played an active role in overcoming this global pandemic, including Indonesia. Indonesia consists of many islands, so the level of distribution varies. Although the mortality rate is shallow than the cure rate, this virus’s spread must be controlled. This paper aims to model the prediction of infected cases, cases of recovery from COVID-19, and mortality for each province in Indonesia using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) machine learning method. The results of the model evaluation of this method used the root mean squared error (RMSE) approach.
Comparison of Classification Performance Based on Dynamic Mining of User Interest Navigation Pattern in e-Commerce Websites
Authors: Diwandari S , Hidayat A T
Published: March 2021

The use of e-commerce in companies or other types of business has supported them to develop and correspondingly cope with business pressures of high levels of competition. More consumer information can be gathered based on the interactive nature of e-commerce technology. In an e-commerce competition, all information relating to consumer behavior, such as the knowledge of the visitor interests in a product marketed by e-commerce, is of value to e-commerce players. Users can use the Web Usage Mining techniques to explore these interests. This study aimed to compare three classification algorithms by using the dynamic mining approach of user interest navigation pattern. The results of the study showed that the Decision Tree Classifier performed optimally in both the unbalanced data and independent or dependent data models.
Profile Matching Algorithm in Determining the Position of Colleagues
Authors: Sugiarto I , Diyasa G S M , Idhom M
Published: March 2021

The selection of a colleague or business is a process that must be thoroughly detailed, this will affect the development of a company. A decision support system is a solution to shorten a leader or staff in the cooperation section, where a company has several categories to be applied to the decision support system. The Profile Matching algorithm is an algorithm that is applied to build a system that can help provide a choice of potential partners or colleagues / business partners in certain companies, this profile matching algorithm requires many variables to be able to calculate the proposed output from the ranking value later. There are Core Factors and Secondary Factors, in the case of this discussion there are 3 prospective partners who are calculated for this profile matching algorithm. The distribution of variable data entered into the Profile Matching Algorithm, there are 8 categories, there is 4 categories included Core Factor and 4 categories included in the Secondary Factor, more then results of the GAP calculation show that the ranking value gets a maximum value of 4 (Partner 3), sequence No.2 is M1 and the last one M2 with each GAP value is 3.5.
Kotak Edu: An Educational Augmented Reality Game for Early Childhood
Authors: Chrisna V , Leonardo  , Satria T G
Published: March 2021

Games are a part of children’s development, but there are still a few developers who make games for early childhood ages. The purpose of this research is to create an educational game for early childhood age in order to enhance early childhood knowledge of animal shape and literacy in a relaxed and fun way with augmented reality features. This augmented reality game purpose is media for parents to teach their children while playing. The Scrum method is used in developing this game. The evaluation of this experiment was been done using testing and survey with 30 parents using game experience questionnaire (GEQ) and comparison to similar game. The survey result show that this game is suitable for the parents and childhood children and compared to others game, Kotak Edu had augmented reality as advantage.
Challenges and Recommendation of the Information Technologies Application in Hazardous Medical Waste Management amidst Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Rahayu P , Rohajawati S , Fairus S , Saragih H , Akbar H
Published: March 2021

Handling of Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment than normal conditions, increasing the amount of hazardous medical waste. The management of hazardous medical waste has many challenges; therefore, it needed a strategy to solve it using information technology. Based on a filter of 376 articles, this review adopted a Systematic Literature Review approach to evaluating the recent challenge and recommendation in the field of Hazardous Medical Waste Management amidst Covid-19. Through a four-phase workflow consisting of searching, screening, excluded, and included literature search, this study identified the most influential journals, scholars, and articles that have been influential in the domain of Hazardous Medical Waste Management. These literature review results are four challenges in Hazardous Medical Waste Management, including Regulation, Technology, Financial and Awareness. The other finding is IT application recommendations such as IoT, Big Data, DSS, AI and GIS. By providing the latest research about the challenges and recommendations in the domain of Hazardous Medical Waste Management amidst Covid-19, the paper serves as a preliminary recommendation for practitioners and researchers to link current research to future trends.
Pulse shape discrimination in CUPID-Mo using principal component analysis
Authors: Huang R. , Armengaud E. , Augier C. , Barabash A.S. , Bellini F. , Benato G. , Benoît A. , Beretta M. , Bergé L. , Billard J. , Borovlev Yu. A. , Bourgeois Ch. , Brudanin V.B. , Camus P. , Cardani L. , Casali N. , Cazes A. , Chapellier M. , Charlieux F. , de Combarieu M. , Dafinei I. , Danevich F.A. , De Jesus M. , Dixon T. , Dumoulin L. , Eitel K. , Ferri F. , Fujikawa B.K. , Gascon J. , Gironi L. , Giuliani A. , Grigorieva V.D. , Gros M. , Guerard E. , Helis D.L. , Huang H.Z. , Johnston J. , Juillard A. , Khalife H. , Kleifges M. , Kobychev V.V. , Kolomensky Yu. G. , Konovalov S.I. , Loaiza P. , Ma L. , Makarov E.P. , de Marcillac P. , Mariam R. , Marini L. , Marnieros S. , Misiak D. , Navick X.-F. , Nones C. , Norman E.B. , Olivieri E. , Ouellet J.L. , Pagnanini L. , Pari P. , Pattavina L. , Paul B. , Pavan M. , Peng H. , Pessina G. , Pirro S. , Poda D.V. , Polischuk O.G. , Previtali E. , Redon Th. , Rozov S. , Rusconi C. , Sanglard V. , Scarpaci J.A. , Schäffner K. , Schmidt B. , Shen Y. , Shlegel V.N. , Siebenborn B. , Singh V. , Tomei C. , Tretyak V.I. , Umatov V.I. , Vagneron L. , Velázquez M. , Weber M. , Welliver B. , Winslow L. , Xue M. , Yakushev E. , Zarytskyy M.M. , Zolotarova A.S.
Published: March 2021

CUPID-Mo is a cryogenic detector array designed to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) of 100Mo. It uses 20 scintillating 100Mo-enriched Li2MoO4 bolometers instrumented with Ge light detectors to perform active suppression of α backgrounds, drastically reducing the expected background in the 0νββ signal region. As a result, pileup events and small detector instabilities that mimic normal signals become non-negligible potential backgrounds. These types of events can in principle be eliminated based on their signal shapes, which are different from those of regular bolometric pulses. We show that a purely data-driven principal component analysis based approach is able to filter out these anomalous events, without the aid of detector response simulations.
Towards soft x-ray fluorescence measurements in the laboratory using a laser-produced plasma source and a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor detector
Authors: Staeck S. , Kayser Y. , Baumann J. , Jonas A. , Mantouvalou I. , Hartmann R. , Kanngießer B. , Stiel H.
Published: March 2021

With the advent of commercially available CMOS technology suitable for direct detection of photons in the soft X-ray range, new possibilities are opening up for the improvement and optimization of experiments requiring energy discrimination capabilities in this energy range. SDDs are widely used as energy-dispersive detectors, but they cannot be used with pulsed sources due to the overwhelming temporal photon density. Wavelength-dispersive solutions offer unmatched energy resolution, but suffer from low detection efficiency and a limited energy bandwidth which can be monitored. The use of common CCDs as energy-dispersive detectors in this energy range is limited by their energy resolution and especially their readout speed, which can result in significant experimental dead time and limits the usable frequency of pulsed sources. Therewhile, CMOS detectors with high energy resolution and high frame rates are an efficient, versatile and cost-effective alternative as detectors for pulsed sources. In this work we present the characterization of a commercially available, backside-illuminated CMOS detector regarding its energy resolution and quantum efficiency at the BESSY II synchrotron radiation facility with a well-known soft X-ray radiation source. Furthermore it is used in a proof of principle XRF measurement with a laboratory-based laser-plasma source.
Estimates of temporal-spatial variability of wildfire danger across the Pan-Arctic and extra-tropics
Authors: Justino Flavio , Bromwich David , Wilson Aaron , Silva Alex , Avila-Diaz Alvaro , Fernandez Alfonso , Rodrigues Jackson
Published: March 2021

Satellite-based hot-spot analysis for the Pan-Arctic, shows that Asia experiences a greater number of fires compared to North America and Europe. While hot spots are prevalent through the year in Asia, Europe (North America) exhibits marked annual (semi-annual) variability. The Potential Fire Danger index (PFIv2) demonstrates increased fire incidence vulnerability across the Arctic and extra-tropics. Though not significant in northwestern North America and eastern Asia, significant-positive trends across the mid-latitudes of Eurasia and Siberia are clear. PFIv2 accurately matches the regional distribution of observed fires, while the worldwide used Fire Weather Index does not. Fire danger has evolved as distributions of short-interval precipitation events and background vegetation characteristics change. In conjunction with increased population and expanded infrastructure, frequent extreme events may increase pressure for new settlements that lead to greater fire exposure across the Pan-Arctic. Thus, PFIv2 may be useful for decision planners and danger managers to anticipate and minimize the adverse effects of indiscriminate fire use.
Stability of volatile organic compounds in sorbent tubes following SARS-CoV-2 inactivation procedures
Authors: Lomonaco Tommaso , Salvo Pietro , Ghimenti Silvia , Biagini Denise , Vivaldi Federico , Bonini Andrea , Fuoco Roger , Di Francesco Fabio
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 is a highly transmissible respiratory illness that has rapidly spread all over the world causing more than 115 million cases and 2.5 million deaths. Most epidemiological projections estimate that the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causing the infection will circulate in the next few years and raise enormous economic and social issues. COVID-19 has a dramatic impact on health care systems and patient management, and is delaying or stopping breath research activities due to the risk of infection to the operators following contact with patients, potentially infected samples or contaminated equipment. In this scenario, we investigated whether virus inactivation procedures, based on a thermal treatment (60 °C for 1 h) or storage of tubes at room temperature for 72 h, could be used to allow the routine breath analysis workflow to carry on with an optimal level of safety during the pandemic. Tests were carried out using dry and humid gaseous samples containing about 100 representative chemicals found in exhaled breath and ambient air. Samples were collected in commercially available sorbent tubes, i.e. Tenax GR and a combination of Tenax TA, Carbograph 1TD and Carboxen 1003. Our results showed that all compounds were stable at room temperature up to 72 h and that sample humidity was the key factor affecting the stability of the compounds upon thermal treatment. Tenax GR-based sorbent tubes were less impacted by the thermal treatment, showing variations in the range 20%–30% for most target analytes. A significant loss of aldehydes and sulphur compounds was observed using carbon molecular sieve-based tubes. In this case, a dry purge step before inactivation at 60 °C significantly reduced the loss of the target analytes, whose variations were comparable to the method variability. Finally, a breath analysis workflow including a SARS-CoV-2 inactivation treatment is proposed.
Design of rubble mound slope protection for cellular cofferdam breakwater retrofitting
Authors: Istiyanto Dinar C , Suranto  , Subarkah Aris , Sujoko Sungsang U , Aziis Shafan A , Saputra Andika D , Latief Syahrizal A , Folmen Derpris , Hamid Affandy , Widagdo Bagyo , Kongko Widjo
Published: March 2021

A rubble mound slope structure was designed to protect a decaying cellular steel sheet pile cofferdam breakwater which has been partially damaged. Reparation of this decaying cofferdam breakwater to its original form is considered uneconomic. Considering three basic design requirement, i.e. economic feasibility, environmental sustainability, and structural reliability and constructability, the rubble mound slope design has been proposed as a retrofit structure against 4.7m height of a 100yrs return period design wave. In this design, the existing vertical cofferdam stands originally at the harbour side, whereas the new additional rubble mound structure is attached to the cofferdam at the sea side creating together a new horizontal composite breakwater. The existing cofferdam supports the rubble mound structure at the harbour side, whereas the rubble mound structure provides protection against direct wave attack. This retrofit design of structure requires less 25% of materials volume and costs 30% cheaper than a full standalone rubble mound breakwater type. This less requirement of materials will consequently have positive impact on environment and natural resource conservation. The design of rubble mound slope that is directly attached to the existing breakwater will enable its easy construction by using vehicles that stand on the top of the existing breakwater. This article describes the design consideration including discussion on the structural reliability of the retrofitted breakwater.
Prediction of Streamflow at the Pemali catchment area using Shetran model
Authors: Suroso  , Wahyuni Amaylia Dwi , Santoso Purwanto Bekti
Published: March 2021

Central Java is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has the most flood events, with a total of 1330 flood events in the span of 1819 to 2020. One of the watersheds in Central Java is the Pemali Watershed, most of which are in Brebes Regency. According to the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), there were 57 floods in Brebes Regency in 1994 - 2019. Therefore, to predict the occurrence of a flood disaster, it is necessary to know how much changes in river flow rates in the Pemali watershed. The purpose of this study was to determine the flood discharge at the Pemali river. The streamflow used is the maximum daily streamflow in a year from 2001 to 2017. The method used is the SHETRAN hydrological model. The data used in the SHETRAN model are the data derived from satellite measurements, namely digital elevation model data, MODIS land use land cover, soil type from the Harmonization World Soil Database, rainfall from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Missions, and evaporation data. The results of this study indicate that river flow rates can be predicted by modeling using SHETRAN.
Is psychological preparedness for potential disaster difference between gender among university students
Authors: Palupi L S
Published: March 2021

Indonesia geographical condition has made the country prone to disaster. The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) reported that there are 1.549 disasters happen in the first half of this year. One of global disaster that not only affect Indonesia but also country all around the globe is Covid-19 pandemi. The impact of the pandemi is not only experienced by highly developed world but also under developed world including Indonesia. Disaster in any form has bring a significant impact on individual mental health especially to the survivor. Study found that one of the factor that could reduce the psychological impact of disaster is psychologica preparedness for disaster. It is also state in the previous study that gender has play a role inidividual psychological peparedness. Athough there had been several findings in psychological preparedness for disaster, however gender difference in psychological prepareedness in the context of university students is still remain in question. Therefore, aim of this research is to investigate gender dfference in psychological preparedness of university students. The study was conducted in Surabaya. Survey research was applied using a Psychological Preparedness for Potential Disaster scale as a mean to identify the psychological preparedness of the participants.
Anak Krakatau Landslide Tsunami Relapse Potential Hazard
Authors: Triyangoro A. P. , Ontowirjo B.
Published: March 2021

Mount Anak Krakatau has a potential hazard that will emerge within 50 years from present time when the peak cone reaches a height that critical to landslides. The Tsunami wave runup as high as 80 meters sweep the steep coast Sebesi and Rakata islands is measured inside the Krakatau volcano complex, during the eruption event and followed by flank collapse on December 22, 2018. The finite volume numerical method of the 3-D Hydrodynamic Model is used to evaluate the potential hazards of Anak Krakatau. Landslide materials with different densities and volumes will be simulated and evaluate which density produce the best estimate of the potential for Tsunami Run-Up waves within the Krakatau complex and Tsunami waves that will sweep and damage the coastal areas of the Sunda Strait. More importanly, the simulation results will provide the tsunami-induced surface current signature information that can be observed by broad range measurement devices, together with an efficient early warning system on the coast, will save life.
Design and Feasibility Studies A Floating Photovoltaic to Supply Electricity for Isolated Island Village in Indonesia
Authors: Mursid O , Malau K R , Huda N , Abidin A M A , Sutarno G
Published: March 2021

The Electricity power in Indonesia cannot covering of all Indonesia region especially on coastal isolated area. In this study, in order to overcome these problems this paper present the design of modular floating photovoltaic farm which could reach annual electricity house hold 1481 KWh. Floating photovoltaic farm must easy to install and deliver to isolated coastal village Indonesia, and modular floating farm necessary strength on the operation at Indonesian environment. Floating photovoltaic body was designed with polyethylene module type part. To evaluate the strength of Floating photovoltaic, the structure analysis simulation was carried out with respect to stress and displacement. Maximum stress was 2.41 MPa and it was below allowable stress of base material.
Utilization of GPS Technology in The Maritime Sector on Motor Sailing Yachts
Authors: Quintania Melani , Faturachman Danny , Husain T. , Pasupati Bayu , Taufik Ahmad
Published: March 2021

The utilization of technology only aims to be fast, precise, and accurate in each implementation and find a better solution at that time in several sectors. This study aims to identify the use of Global Positioning Technology (GPS) technology to track the position of the motor sailing yachts, specifically with the features used on a device or smart-phone during a trip or expedition. This research uses a type of applied research to solve problems that are faced clearly, and the results can be used as a basis for solving corrective steps. The results found that GPS-Technology on motor sailing yachts in "Pelayaran Rakyat" maritime can receive coordinates point and then send these coordinates to the vessel-tracking systems to determine the position of the motor sailing yachts between users.
Research on Intelligent Mining Algorithm for Distribution Network Transformer Fault Early Warning
Authors: Luo J P , Yuan L L , Han L Q , Huang W T
Published: March 2021

The distribution network is the end link of the power grid. The level of management directly affects the power supply capacity and power quality. It is related to the operation level and social image of the power grid enterprise. The transformer is a very important component in the distribution network. The transformer is continuously safe and stable. Grid power supply reliability. In this context, this paper proposes an intelligent gateway intelligent fault detection algorithm for transformer operation failure, which collects data of transformers in multiple dimensions and multiple source channels, such as electrical variables and non-electrical variables. Correlation analysis and causality analysis of the data to achieve an all-round warning of transformer operation failure. The traditional method of transformer fault warning is solved by relying on the special gas concentration or transformer vibration signal generated by the fault of the transformer fault to solve the problem of fault identification and early warning singleness and low reliability, and fully exert the technical advantages of the Internet of Things and data mining. The evaluation value of the five “ancestor“ elements is 0.2, 0.25, 0.15, 0.3, 0.1. Transformer operation fault trend early warning coefficient is set to 0.80. Once the early warning coefficient is found to exceed 0.80 during data collection and mining analysis, a transformer failure early warning will be issued, which can facilitate grid operators’ intervention and control in advance. The actual calculation case also demonstrates the correctness and effectiveness of the intelligent mining algorithm. This paper provides an effective support for the development and application of big data technology in the distribution network.
Air-Assisted Injection System for Aviation Heavy Fuel Engine
Authors: Wu H , Zhang F J , Zhang Z Y
Published: March 2021

According to the system requirement of a certain type of aviation piston engine, the reconstruction and matching of fuel injection system is carried out. The schematic design of the air-assisted injection assembly and the improvement of pressure regulator assembly are completed. After that, the air-assisted direct injection system is studied experimentally. The results reveal the effect of injection parameters and injection pressures on the system flow characteristics and spray characteristics. The effects of gasoline and kerosene on the actual engine performance are compared. The test results show that the self-designed air-assisted direct injection system can meet the system fuel injection requirements. In addition, the effect of injection pressure on the spray width is more noticeable than other spray characteristics.
Effect of SA-LA Composite PCM Volume on PV/PCM Thermal Control Properties
Authors: He Y T , Zhang Y , Xiao L X , Wang J Q
Published: March 2021

SA-LA binary composite phase change material was prepared by mixing stearic acid (SA) and lauric acid (LA) in different mass fractions, and tested for thermal properties. The results indicate that composite PCM has a lowest peak melting point of 42.9°C, thus suitable for application in solar cell thermal control system. In addition, PV/PCM solar cell thermal control prototypes with different PCM thicknesses were designed and tested for thermal and electrical properties. The effects of different PCM volume on solar cell thermal control properties were studied, showing that compared with non-PCM systems, solar cell temperature in the PV/PCM system was reduced by more than 20°C, with output power increased by more than 11%. The research results provide experimental references for the preparation of SA-LA composite phase change materials and their application in thermal control of solar cells.
Application of Economic Model Predictive Control in Integrated Energy System
Authors: Yang H L , Shen J , Jin Y H , Zhang J L
Published: March 2021

Due to the uncertainty of the energy supply and the power demand, the stability and economic performance of the integrated energy system has become a key problem. In this paper, economic model predictive control with augmented model was directly applied to optimize the performance index while responding power demand. Based on the prices of power and hot water, the economic objective function was designed and two modes of operation of heating have been studied which include providing domestic hot water and space heating. The simulation result shows, compared with traditional model predictive control, economic model predictive control could improve economic performance of system by 20% while providing domestic hot water, and showed similar performance while working on space heating.