bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Structure of Organic Matter of Water-stable Macroaggregates of Agrochernozems of Different Positions on the Slope
Authors: Artemyeva Z. S. , Kolyagin Yu. G. , Zasukhina E. S. , Tsomaeva E. V. , Yaroslavtseva N. V. , Kogut B. M.
Published: December 2024

The chemical structure of pools of organic matter (OM) in the 2–1 mm water-stable macroaggregates, isolated from air-dry aggregates of the same size in arable horizons of non-eroded, eroded and deposited agrochernozems has been studied by solid-state 13C-NMR spectroscopy. An assessment is made of the alteration of their chemical structure in the denudative-accumulative landscape. It was revealed that the overwhelming majority of water-stable macroaggregates in the erosion zone are newly formed due to the dynamic replacement of OM in situ, which is clearly evidenced by the integral indicators of the chemical structure of all pools of OM macroaggregates. Analytical data indicate the predominant transport of newly formed macroaggregates. The destruction of macroaggregates during the transport phase is accompanied by the release of previously physically protected aggregated OM, which undergoes partial mineralization (predominantly its most labile part – hydrolyzable), and its stable part remains little/non-changed. Mineral-associated OM (Сlay and Residue) changes little, maintaining relative freshness, which may be indirect evidence of the transportation of predominantly newly formed macroaggregates from the erosion zone. The greater degree of freshness of free OM of macroaggregates in deposited agrochernozem is due to the predominance in of fresh remains of cultivated vegetation of the accumulative zone, together with those transported from the erosion zone.
Problems of Estimation of Microbial Biomass in Soddy-Podzolic Soils (Forests of the Protected Areas of Moscow Region)
Authors: Chernova O. V. , Duschanova K. S. , Petrosyan A. A. , Khomutova T. E.
Published: December 2024

The carbon content of microbial biomass in the soil serves as one of the indicators of its biological activity and is often used in assessing the anthropogenic impact and natural changes on the soil microbiome. Significant spatial and temporal variation of the indicator at the level of ecosystems, soil typological units, land use types, etc. makes it difficult to interpret the data obtained during mass monitoring. The aim of the study is to determine the background values of microbial biomass content in the surface sub-litter layer of soils of protected forests of the Moscow region. A reconnaissance survey of soils of the podzolic series, which are typical for the region and diverse in genesis and granulometric composition, autonomous or with a little additional moisture, formed under mixed southern taiga forests in four protected natural territories, was carried out. The biological activity of soils was estimated by the amount of microbial biomass determined by two methods: by the content of phospholipids and substrate-induced respiration of microbial communities. Significant spatial variability of microbial biomass content was noted both at the site level and at the ecosystem level, and for similar by classification and granulometric composition autonomous soils, it is comparable with local variability within the experimental sites. It is shown that the value of microbial biomass depends mainly on the type of the humidity regime and the granulometric composition, which largely determines the sorption capacity of the soil, and its provision with biophilic elements, and also correlates with the richness of the ground cover that provides the soil microbiome with nutrients. It is shown that in order to obtain correct results for mass monitoring of soil biological activity, unification of the methodology and depth of sampling in the soils of background and anthropogenic-transformed ecosystems is of great importance.
ON THE CONTROLLABILITY OF DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS
Authors: Tolstykh V. K
Published: December 2024

The problem of controllability for optimal control problems, optimization of systems with distributed parameters in partial derivatives is considered. The concept of controllability as correctness according to A. N. Tikhonov for solving optimization problems is introduced. A theorem with controllability conditions for direct solution (direct minimization of the objective functional) of optimization problems by extremal algorithms is given. A test example of numerical solution of the optimization problem for a nonlinear hyperbolic system describing non-stationary water flow in an open channel is considered. Controllability analysis is demonstrated, which ensures correctness of the solution of the problem and high accuracy of optimization of the distributed friction coefficient in the flow equations.
EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS TO THE NON-SELF-ADJOINT STURM-LIOUVILLE PROBLEM WITH DISCONTINUOUS NONLINEARITY
Authors: Baskov O. V. , Potapov D. K.
Published: December 2024

The problem of existence of solutions of the Sturm-Liouville problem with a non-self-adjoint differential operator and non-linearity discontinuous in the phase variable is considered. Theorems on the existence of non-trivial (positive and negative) solutions for positive values of the spectral parameter are established for the problem under study. Examples illustrating the obtained theorems are given.
EIGENVALUE FUNCTIONALS ON THE MANIFOLD OF POTENTIALS
Authors: Dymarsky Ya. M
Published: December 2024

The article gives an analytical and topological description of the eigenvalue functional on the manifold of periodic potentials
ON INITIAL-BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR PARABOLIC SYSTEMS IN A SEMI-BOUNDED PLANE DOMAIN WITH GENERAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Authors: Sakharov S. I
Published: December 2024

The paper considers initial boundary value problems for homogeneous parabolic systems with Dini-continuous coefficients under zero initial conditions in a semi-bounded plane domain with a non- smooth lateral boundary that admits the presence of ”beaks”on which boundary conditions of a general type with variable coefficients are specified. Using the method of boundary integral equations, a theorem is proved on the unique classical solvability of such problems in the space of functions that are continuous and bounded together with their first-order spatial derivative in the closure of the domain. A representation of the solutions obtained is given in the form of vector single layer potentials.
PROBLEMS OF DETERMINING QUASI-STATIONARY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN WEAKLY INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA
Authors: Kalinin A. V. , Tyukhtina A. A. , Malov S. A.
Published: December 2024

Statements of initial-boundary value problems for the system of Maxwell equations in various quasi-stationary approximations in homogeneous and inhomogeneous conducting media are considered. In the case of weakly inhomogeneous media, asymptotic expansions of solutions of the initial-boundary value problems under consideration in a parameter characterizing the degree of inhomogeneity of the medium are formulated and substantiated. It is shown that the construction of an asymptotic expansion for a quasi- stationary electromagnetic approximation leads to a sequential solution of independent problems for a quasi- stationary electric and quasi-stationary magnetic approximation in a homogeneous medium. Conditions on the initial data are given for which the asymptotic series are convergent.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONVECTIVE FLOWS IN A THIN LIQUID LAYER UNDER CONDITIONS OF LARGE REYNOLDS NUMBERS
Authors: Laskovets E. V
Published: December 2024

A mathematical model is proposed that describes the flow of a thin layer of liquid on an inclined, non-uniformly heated substrate. The Navier-Stokes system for a viscous incompressible liquid and relations representing generalized kinematic, dynamic and energy conditions at the interface for the case of evaporation are used as governing equations. The statement is given in a two-dimensional case for large Reynolds numbers. The problem is solved within the framework of the long-wave approximation. A parametric analysis of the problem is carried out, an evolutionary equation is obtained for finding the thickness of the liquid layer. An algorithm for a numerical solution is proposed for the problem of periodic flow of liquid down an inclined substrate. The influence of gravitational effects and the nature of heating of a solid substrate on the flow of a liquid layer is studied.
Islamic Education Model in Non-Formal Institutions ADAPTATION IN THE ERA OF ACCELERATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: . Mahsun
Published: December 2024

Abstract This literature research looks at the history of Islamic education in Indonesia starting at the same time as the process of entering Islam in Indonesia by taking the form of non-formal education with the most prominent feature being the concentrated subject matter for the development and deepening of religious sciences such as monotheism, fiqh, tasawuf, morality, interpretation, and hadith. The learning is concentrated on the discussion of the yellow books (classic). The methods are sorogan, wetonan and muzakarah (consultation). The system is non-classical, namely by using the halaqah system. And in this era of accelerating information technology (third millennium) the survival of non-formal Islamic education has challenges in quality, culture and competition. The results show that the adaptation of non-formal Islamic educational institutions as an educational model can take the form of updating the quality of the education component, applying religious values to operational values, and updating the quality so that non-formal Islamic education is not abandoned by the community. Keywords: model, Islamic education, non-formal education
INTERNALIZATION OF ASWAJA VALUE THROUGH CHARACTER EDUCATION BASED ON CHILDREN'S LITERATURE
Authors: Fauziah Ikfina Hesti
Published: December 2024

AbstractForming a nation with character must start at an early age. One of the efforts that can be used in building children's character is through children's literature-based learning. Literary works become a comprehensive medium for character education. Through literary works, characters and roles are played, the environment that becomes the background is spread out, and noble values as literary mandates are taught. Therefore, the use of literary works as a medium for character building through education in schools needs to be brought back to the surface in various ways that involve various parties. This research is a descriptive literature research. The results of this study indicate that the internalization of Aswaja characters such as 1) religious character values; 2) democratic character values; 3) the value of the character of love for the homeland; 4) fair character values; 5) the value of disciplined character; 6) independent character values; and 7) the value of the character of tolerance, which can be applied through children's literature, especially in literary works in the form of stories using the storytelling method. Storytelling is very effective in inculcating children's character because in children's literature that is told, children can imitate characters in stories with ideal norms and take the attitudes and behavior of characters as examples. Keywords: Character, Aswaja, Children's Literature
Al-Qur'ān And The Humanization Of Women (Analysis Of Women's Rights And Position In The Verses Of The Qur'an)
Authors: Abdullah Faisal , Hamzah Ghufron
Published: December 2024

The Quran emphasizes the significant role of women in Islam and highlights their importance through various verses. It promotes equal treatment and opportunities for both genders, recommending education for women and acknowledging their crucial social contributions. Several Quranic verses discuss the rights and obligations shared equally by men and women, demonstrating that there is no inherent discrimination between them. Additionally, specific provisions within the Quran grant unique benefits to women during childbirth and childcare processes. Despite these principles of equality, some interpretations suggest limitations on women’s participation in public spheres. Ultimately, the Quran serves as a guiding framework for Muslims navigating contemporary challenges. This study employs a descriptive qualitative content analysis with thematic interpretation (Maudhu'i method) to analyze selected Quranic verses addressing similar topics. By examining these interconnected themes, we conclude that both sexes enjoy identical rights and roles; sometimes, women receive preferential treatment as evident from specific Quranic passages. While discussions around male responsibilities often focus on duties, those concerning females center on their entitlements. Keywords: Quran, Women, Rights, Equality
THE CONTRIBUTION OF ISLAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY TO MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: . Musrifah , Anita Dewi Evi , Wibowo Hamid Sakti
Published: December 2024

Considering that humans are a unity of soul and body, of course many of the principles of mental health science come from sciences that study the soul and body, such as psychology and psychology. Mental health with the aim of healing uses the principles of psychological and emotional adjustment obtained from scientific discoveries in the fields of medicine, psychology, sociology and other knowledge. The problem in this research is what is the concept of mental health in the era of globalization (Study of Islamic psychotherapy analysis)? To be more focused, this research was formulated to answer what the nature and characteristics of mental health are, what mental health is like in the Islamic psychotherapy approach, and what the characteristics and characteristics of a healthy mentality are in the modern era. This research aims to describe the nature and characteristics of mental health. characteristics of mental health, mental health in the Islamic psychotherapy approach, as well as descriptions, characteristics of healthy mental health in the modern era.Keywords: Mental Health, Islamic Psychotherapy
NaX (X = F, Cl) НАНООБЪЕКТІЛЕРІНІҢ КҮЙ ТЫҒЫЗДЫҒЫН КОМПЬЮТЕРЛІК МОДЕЛЬДЕУ
Authors: Истляуп А. , Мясникова Л. , Лущик А.
Published: December 2024

Қазіргі таңда  қатты дене физикасы ғылымы наноматериалдарды зерттеу және нанотехнологияларды дамытуға баса назар қойып дамып келеді. Бүгінде теориялық әдістер мен зерттеу технологияларының барлық түрлері қатты денелердегі ақаулардың қасиеттерін зерттеуге байланысты эксперименттік нәтижелердің мағынасын түсіндіру үшін қарқынды қолданылады. Бұл саланың жақсаруы компьютерлік технологияның жетілдірілуіне және заманауи кванттық-химиялық пакеттердің дамуына байланысты болуы мүмкін. Бұл жұмыс NaX (X = F, Cl) нанобъектілерінің күй тығыздығы мен толық энергиясын компьютерлік модельдеу нәтижелерін тығыздықтың функционалдық теориясы (ТФТ) шеңберінде ұсынады. Құрылымдық ақаулардың әсерін зерттей отырып және оларды макроскопиялық объектілермен, идеал кубтық кристалының құрылымы бар наноөлшемді NaX кристалдарымен, нүктелік ақаулары бар кубтық кристалмен салыстыра отырып, жеке үлгілердің күй тығыздығы спектрлеріндегі энергия деңгейлерінің өзгеруі байқалды. Әртүрлі кластерлік қосылыстардағы nax модельдеу эксперименттерінің нәтижелері бұл нысандарды кванттық нүктелер ретінде жіктеуге және наноөлшемді құрылымдардағы сілтілі галоидты кристалдарды зерттеуді жалғастыруға мүмкіндік береді.
TO THE ORBITAL DYNAMICS WITH VARIABLE ECCENTRICITY
Authors: Omarova G.T. , Omarova Zh.T.
Published: December 2024

In this work, we study the orbital dynamics of the non-stationary gravitating system. We consider eccentricity as a function of time, because of its plenty interesting implications for evolution of young planetary systems. Eccentricities can be indicative of long-term orbital stability for various planetary and other gravitating systems of Universe. In particular, the recent studies of dynamical mass of some exoplanet showed there is strong covariance between planet eccentricities and total system mass: higher planet eccentricities imply a substantially larger total mass with long-term orbital stability.   It should be noted that the orbital eccentricity is most often from the radial velocity observations of a bright host star and can also be inferred to a lesser extent from the duration of a planetary transit he primary purpose of some studies of exoplanets could then be seen as placing constraints on the variable flux from the measurable parameter of eccentricity as a proxy for the presently unknown obliquity of the exoplanet. It means that eccentricity is one of the key parameters in dynamical formation and evolution of the non-stationary gravitating systems. We use the method of the inverse problem that provides a significant analytical tool for study of different problems in the field of celestial mechanics.  This method plays an important value for solution of the problems of celestial mechanics connected to the finding of potentials and force fields on the grounds of the given sets of orbits and on the basis of the available first integrals of the motion.   This inverse method approach gives very more profound analytical vision for study of different dynamical systems and to understand its general structure. And this method allows to reconstruct the form of the non-stationary potential field with additional friction force with a known integral of motion for the given monoparametric family of evolving orbits. We assume as reasonable to study such inverse problem for orbits with variable eccentricity in order to understand better the outcomes for long-term architecture and evolution of different gravitating systems of Universe. We assume, that the non-stationary problem with additional friction force сan be useful for study of dynamical evolution of exoplanets or other astrophysical objects, which have been targeted for study for the last decades. In result of such research approach we found two forms of the non-stationary space symmetrical ‘potential’ function generating motion on given monoparametric family of evolving in time planar orbits with variable eccentricity.
КАТИОНИТ КУ-2-8 ЖӘНЕ АНИОНИТ П4ВП ИНТЕРПОЛИМЕРЛІК ЖҮЙЕЛЕРІНІҢ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЯЛЫҚ ЖӘНЕ КОНФОРМАЦИЯЛЫҚ ҚАСИЕТТЕРІН ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: Джумадилов Т.Қ. , Дюсембаева Г.Т. , Мукатаева Ж.С. , Гражулявичюс Ю.В.
Published: December 2024

КУ-2-8:П4ВП интерполимерлік жүйесінің қашықтықтан өзара әрекеттесуі нәтижесінде электрохимиялық және конформациялық қасиеттерінің өзгерістері зерттелді.  Бұл жұмыста КУ-2-8 (катион алмастырғыш) және П4ВП (анион алмастырғыш) тұратын интерполимерлі жүйелер зерттеу обьектісі ретінде таңдап алынды. Зерттелетін полимерлердің қашықтықтан өзара әрекеттесуі нәтижесінде олардың өзара активтенуі электрохимиялық және конформациялық қасиеттерінің айтарлықтай өзгеруіне әкелетіні анықталды. Тәжірбие барысында КУ-2-8:П4ВП полимерлерінің 5:1 қатынасында меншікті электрөткізгіштік көрсеткіштері ең төменгі мәнге ие болды, өйткені протондардың бірігу процесі, карбоксил топтардың диссоциация процесіне қарағанда басым болды. Әр түрлі уақыт аралықтарында (1, 2.5, 6 және 24 сағат) КУ-2-8:П4ВП интерполимерлік жүйесінің рН шамасы үлкен өзгерістерді көрсетті.  5:1 қатынасында сутектік көрсеткіш 2.5 сағатта біршама жоғарылап, қайта төмендеген, мұнда рН жалпы тенденциядан ауытқу байқалады, ал ісіну коэффицентінде полимер бөлшектерінің өлшемдері сулы ортада қозғала алмай аса қатты өзгеріске ұшырамағаны байқалады. Бұл тәжірбиенің басында күрделірек химиялық процестің болуы мүмкін екенін көрсетеді. Интерполимерлі жүйелердің 4:2 қатынасында ең жоғарғы электроөткізгіштік мәндері анықталды. Қашықтықтан өзара әрекеттесу нәтижесінде 4:2 қатынасында  сулы ортадағы электрөткізгіштік мәні  6 сағат ішінде 5.5 мкСм/См ең жоғарғы нүктесіне көтерілген. Ортаның рН көрсеткіші осы қатынаста бастапқы деңгеймен салыстырғанда бір тәуліктен кейін 4.8-ге дейін төмендеді, бұл өзгеріс молекула аралық байланыстар таралуымен  түсіндіріледі. Сулы ортада негізгі анионит  П4ВП болғанда  4:2 қатынасында 6 сағаттан кейін  ісіну дәрежесі  5.45 максимум мәніне жетті. 3:3 және 1:5 қатынастарында  электрөткізгіштік мәнінде ешқандай өзгеріс аймақтары байқалмады. Алынған зерттеулердің  көрсеткіштеріне сүйенсек, полимерлердің барлық мольдік қатынастарында меншікті электрөткізгіштіктің, рН ортасының және ісіну коэффицентінің біршама өзгерістері  байқалған. Зерттеу нәтижесінде интерполимерлі жүйедегі полимерлердің жұптары мен күйін өзгерту, меншікті электрөткізгіштікке әсер ететіндігі анықталды. Бұл мәліметтер буынаралық тізбек бойындағы  ионданған және диссоциацияланған топтардың ара қатынасының қалыпты өзгеретінін көрсетті.
AI-Powered Financial Reporting Chatbots: Transforming Insurance Industry Operations
Authors: Chetan Prakash Ratnawat
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive article examines the transformative impact of AI-powered financial chatbots in the insurance industry, focusing on the evolution from traditional manual processes to automated solutions. The article investigates technical architecture, role-specific functionality, security frameworks, and performance analytics across major insurance organizations worldwide. Through extensive research and analysis, this article demonstrates how intelligent automation addresses traditional inefficiencies in insurance operations while enhancing data accuracy, improving security protocols, and delivering substantial operational benefits. The findings reveal that insurance companies implementing these advanced systems experience significant improvements in underwriting efficiency, agent productivity, security compliance, and overall operational effectiveness while maintaining robust data protection standards and regulatory compliance.
KONSEP IDEAL DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEUTUHAN NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Sitinjak Pakat
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is a rich nation with diversity, so that democracy becomes o real concept to forming the character of the Indonesian nation. At this time, democracy is not only understood as a form or system of government, but becomes the live pattern of nation and state. So that democracy society is interpreted as the order of society in a region that has the noble ideals in realizing prosperity for the whole through the context of democracy as an effective tool and space to realize it.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL PADA PROGRAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN USIA PRODUKTIF DI PUSKESMAS RIMBO KEDUI KABUPATEN SELUMA
Authors: Achir Achmad Gilang Pribadi , Aprianty Henny , Putra Bobby Mandala
Published: December 2024

The main problem of this research is the formulation of the problem in this research, namely How is the Evaluation of the Implementation of Minimum Service Standards in the Productive Age Health Service Program at the Rimbo Kedui Community Health Center, Seluma Regency? Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that the productive age health service program at the Rimbo Kedui Community Health Center aims to reduce the number of chronic diseases in people aged 15-59 years. However, the evaluation shows several obstacles. Human resources (HR) are not of sufficient standard, infrastructure is still lacking, and outreach to the community has not been effective, so community participation is low. Program implementation is often lumped in with other services, reducing its effectiveness. This program requires improvements in human resources, facilities and outreach strategies so that goals can be achieved and provide optimal benefits for the community.
Cognitive processes are robust to early environmental conditions in two lizard species
Authors: Recio Santiago Pablo , Leibold Dalton , Crino Ondi , Wild Kristoffer , Friesen Christopher , Mauclaire Basile , Peardon Amelia , Noble Daniel
Published: December 2024

Animals must acquire new information through learning to adjust their behavior adaptively. However, learning ability can be constrained by conditions experienced during early development, when the brain is especially susceptible to environmental conditions. For example, temperature can result in phenotypically plastic adjustments to growth, metabolism, and learning in ectotherms. In vertebrates, thermal conditions can increase the production of glucocorticoid (GCs) - ‘stress’ hormones. Maternal GCs can be transmitted to offspring during development, potentially impacting their learning abilities. GCs and thermal environments are, therefore, predicted to have interactive effects on the development of learning in ectotherms. Here, we investigated the combined effects of prenatal corticosterone (CORT) - the main GC in reptiles - and incubation temperature on associative learning using two species of lizards, Lampropholis delicata and L. guichenoti. We manipulated CORT levels and temperature in a 2x2 factorial design, and then subjected juveniles to a color-associative learning task. We predicted that elevated CORT and low temperatures would impair associative learning. However, both species showed similar learning rates independently of treatment. Our results suggest that these two species may have evolved mechanisms to maintain learning performance despite prenatal challenges. We also found that color affected decision-making in both species. Overall, we observed a non-learned preference towards blue, underscoring the need to carefully select the color used in cognitive tests involving visual stimuli.
A dataset for benchmarking molecular identification tools based on genome skimming
Authors: Asprino Renata , Cai Liming , Yan Yujing , Flynn Peter , Marinho Lucas , Duan Xiaoshan , Anderson Christiane , Davis Charles , de Medeiros Bruno
Published: December 2024

Genome skimming is an emerging tool allowing for scalable DNA barcoding efforts for numerous biodiversity science applications. Despite its growing importance, there are few standardized datasets for benchmarking genome skimming tools, making it challenging to evaluate new methods (e.g., using machine learning), and comparing to existing ones (e.g., conventional barcoding loci derived from Sanger-based sequencing). To address this gap, we present four curated datasets designed for benchmarking molecular identification tools using low-coverage genomes. These datasets comprise vast phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity from closely related species to all taxa currently represented on NCBI SRA. One of them consists of novel sequences from taxonomically verified samples in the plant clade Malpighiales, while the other four datasets compile publicly available data. All include raw genome skim sequences and two-dimensional graphical representations of genomic data (chaos game representations and varKodes), enabling comprehensive testing and validation of molecular species identification methods. These datasets represent a reliable resource for researchers to assess the accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of their tools in a consistent and reproducible manner.
Parasite traits shape the association between forest loss and infection: A global meta-analysis
Authors: Heckley Alexis , Becker Daniel
Published: December 2024

Forest loss can affect host–parasite dynamics, posing risks to wildlife and human health. Most work has investigated how host traits moderate associations between forest loss and prevalence, but the role that parasite traits play is less understood. We synthesized parasite prevalence and parasite trait data from publicly available databases representing carnivores, ungulates, and primate host species. We combined these data with open-source, remote-sensing forest loss data and conducted multi-level phylogenetic meta-analyses. While we found no overall association between forest loss and prevalence across parasites, trends emerged when considering different parasite taxa. Further, although prevalence did not differ by transmission mode overall, forest-loss prevalence associations varied by transmission mode within parasite taxa. For instance, prevalence decreased with forest loss for closely transmitted helminths but increased for not closely transmitted helminths. These results illustrate that parasite traits must be considered to understand complex associations between environmental change and infection outcomes.
Editorial: New coating grades require new tests: Barrier performance inside the package
Authors: OTTONE STEVEN
Published: December 2024

The TAPPI Journal special Coating issue is an annual issue that focuses on paper coating and coated papers. It is drawn from presentations at TAPPICon and from other submissions on the topic of paper coating. The TAPPICon 2024 Coating track was rich in high-quality technical content. In fact, the papers were of such significance that Coating members of the TAPPI Journal Editorial Board, which include me, Gregg Reed, and Gregory Welsch, decided that a second paper coating-related special issue would be appropriate for the TAPPI Journal editorial calendar. In addition to the current issue on Barrier Coating Testing, there will be another issue on Coating Fundamentals in early 2025.
Information aspects of the manifestation of irrational influence of financial bubbles on financial markets
Authors: Manziy Oleksandra , Senyk Andriy , Sheremeta Danylo , Senyk Yuliya
Published: December 2024

It is known that there is a phenomenon in the economy when the basic value of any tangible or intangible asset differs significantly from its market value, and the growing demand causes an increase in prices. Thus, trading in significant volumes of such assets is carried out at an inflated price, which in turn creates financial bubbles. The theory of efficient markets, present in information sources, states that the available asset prices are always in line with market requirements and take everything into account, but at the same time, it is assumed that market participants act rationally when making their decisions. However, markets are ruled by people, and as sociological studies show, all people are irrational to one degree or another in their actions. To date, there are no clear and effective tools that allow predicting and preventing the formation of financial bubbles with sufficient accuracy, and experts offer expert judgments about the risks of a bubble based on the analysis of financial time series and the comparison of the expected market with the available data of previous crisis situations. The work offers an overview of information sources, which consistently present the essence and prerequisites of the appearance of financial bubbles, the process of their formation, their impact on economic indicators both at the global level and on the economy of individual countries. Also, the considered works describe in detail the behavioral model of the financial bubble, the supply and demand function, the general equation of the asset price, and the dynamics of behavioral contagion of the market population. An overview of the behavioral mathematical model of the financial bubble is presented separately. The article argues the relevance of creating informational methods for forecasting the emergence of financial bubbles, as well as building a model capable of demonstrating trends, not only of ordinary bubbles, but also of serial bubbles. Using the Python programming language, auxiliary libraries and frameworks, with the application of the indicated behavioral model of the financial bubble, data simulation was carried out and a number of interactive visualizations of the process of their formation, development and disappearance were built. Also, the obtained results make it possible to assert that people, even without professional knowledge in the field of information technologies and programming, can create sufficiently productive information systems for analyzing financial market data.
Features of companies reporting in the digital economy
Authors: Spivak Serhii , Korolyuk Tetyana , Kovalchuk Igor , Shayuk Mykola
Published: December 2024

This article is devoted to the issues of formation and reporting at the local level. The article sets out the modern requirements of the financial and economic activities of domestic enterprises and organizations, which provide for communication means for the use of modern information systems and the organization of electronic document flow. At the same time, the level of efficiency of the enterprise depends on the selected automation system. The modern market offers many software products capable of satisfying the needs of any consumer, taking into account the specifics of his activity. Therefore, when choosing software, it is necessary to conduct careful monitoring of electronic products presented on the market, according to the requirements of a particular enterprise. It should be noted that the appropriate level of automation will increase the efficiency of the enterprise. When writing the article, the works of domestic scientists and tax legislation were analyzed. Having analyzed the software offers on the market, we suggest focusing on the M.E.Doc software. This product contains a full range of capabilities for conducting financial activities, compiling and submitting reports to state authorities, and provides the ability to easily switch from another software product by importing the necessary information. The paper considers the main types and forms of reporting. Their main classification features, preparation frequency, submission deadlines are analyzed. The article considers a generalized methodology for submitting reports to state bodies. The main advantages of creating and submitting tax reports in electronic form are determined by the introduction of electronic digital signatures. Algorithms for creating and submitting reports are presented. Preparatory procedures and deadlines for submitting tax reports in various ways to the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine are established. Responsibility for failure to submit, violation of submission deadlines, violation of the procedure for filling out tax reports and unreliability of information are borne by individuals and legal entities who are taxpayers, their legal or authorized representatives.
Financial security of enterprises under war conditions: goals, priorities, and ways of ensuring
Authors: Sytnyk Nataliya , Polovko Danyila
Published: December 2024

The article explores the essence of enterprise financial security under war conditions and reveals its key aspects. It analyzes the transformation of the financial security concept from a static state of protection of a dynamic system capable of adapting to the turbulent wartime environment. The main threats to the financial security of enterprises in the context of military conflict are identified and systematized, including macroeconomic, operational, financial-investment, regulatory, and information-cybernetic risks. An analysis of the impact of military actions on the financial stability of enterprises in various sectors of the Ukrainian economy revealed significant differentiation in their response to crisis phenomena. A comprehensive methodological approach to assessing the level of financial security of enterprises under war conditions is proposed, based on an integral assessment of interrelated components, including liquidity, financial stability, operational efficiency, risk management, and financial management quality. Priority directions for ensuring the financial security of enterprises in conditions of limited resources and high uncertainty are defined, focusing on optimizing capital structure, increasing financial flexibility, and developing early threat detection systems. A set of measures has been developed to adapt enterprise financial management to functioning under martial law, including the implementation of dynamic financial planning and operational monitoring systems. Mechanisms for minimizing financial risks associated with military actions are proposed, covering methods of hedging currency risks, systems of physical and cyber protection of assets, as well as the use of specialized insurance products. Strategic approaches to ensuring the financial stability of enterprises in the post-war period are substantiated, emphasizing the need to develop long-term financial strategies focused on business recovery and modernization. The research results create a theoretical and methodological basis for developing effective strategies to ensure the financial security of enterprises in the context of military conflict and post-war economic recovery.
The human potential development challenge in the context of achieving the 2030 sustainable development goals
Authors: Hirdvainis Vladyslav
Published: December 2024

The article explores current issues in human potential development within the context of achieving Sustainable Development Goal 8 «Decent Work and Economic Growth». The theoretical foundations of the «human potential» concept are analyzed through the lens of leading scholars' definitions, and the author's interpretation of the term is proposed. The key components of human potential and their interrelation with various aspects of sustainable development are examined. The main problems and challenges in human potential development are identified, including: professional skills mismatch with labor market needs, shortage of qualified personnel, gender inequality, unsatisfactory working conditions, insufficient investment in research, and limited access to new technologies. The interconnection between human potential development and other Sustainable Development Goals, such as quality education, gender equality, innovation and infrastructure, poverty reduction, and inequality reduction, is demonstrated. A comprehensive approach to human potential management in enterprises is proposed, which includes: improving material incentive systems through the implementation of bonus payment schemes and non-criteria assessment; adaptation of European personnel management standards (EQF, ESCO, ESP, EQPR); ensuring flexible working conditions through remote work opportunities and creation of temporary remote teams; providing psychological support to employees, particularly in conditions of stress disorders and emotional burnout; involving personnel in decision-making processes through collective expertise methods and digitalization of work processes. The necessity of a systematic approach to implementing the proposed measures at the state, community, enterprise, and individual levels is substantiated to achieve progress in human potential development and ensure sustainable economic growth. The importance of maintaining employees' psychological well-being as an integral component of decent work and full realization of human potential is emphasized. The research results have practical value for enterprises seeking to improve human resource management efficiency and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Features of service management improvement in the context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Andrushkiv Bohdan , Boyko Ostap , Kyrych Nataliya , Yakymuk Pavlo , Marynyak Bohdan
Published: December 2024

The article examines the prerequisites for implementing Industry 4.0 in the service environment, determines the role and place of education and research institutions in the implementation of tasks. Legal conflicts in its implementation in the context of the development of post-war service in Ukraine are identified. Proposals are made to develop organizational and economic mechanisms for implementing the main provisions of Industry 4.0 in production practice. It is proposed to consider the solution of the problem in the context of the innovation chain: "state - local governments, regional authorities – service industries, enterprises – consumers of services". Determining the directions of restoring service infrastructure and improving the quality of trade and household services in post-war conditions should be implemented in accordance with scientifically substantiated Programs, taking into account economic and social efficiency and European requirements and standards. The features and problems of adapting the progressive domestic experience of Industry 4.0 have been identified, in accordance with the domestic conditions of the functioning of the service sector and the European economy, which necessitate the identification of scientifically based ways of activating the diversification activities of household enterprises and trade services, taking into account their social and economic efficiency. The principles of building paradigms for forming a strategy for the revival of service infrastructure have been considered, which, unlike the current ones, include regional traditions, the principle of openness, trust, qualification and competence, objectivity, optimization of activities and direct communication. The implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies is currently an extremely important issue not only for industrial enterprises, but also for the service sector, in relation to their quality in different countries of the world, because it ensures sustainable development, helps enterprises reduce the negative impact on the environment, develops the processes of a cyclical economy aimed at reducing energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and waste, as well as avoiding depletion and degradation of natural resources.
Hate speech in non-cooperative contexts: Question types as a measure of cooperativity
Authors: Bianchi Valentina , Cruschina Silvio
Published: December 2024

Research on hate speech has identified various aspects of social media that affect the speaker’s attitude in this specific type of communication. In this chapter we discuss some structural aspects of the context of utterance as analysed in dynamic pragmatics, and we show that with respect to these, certain online contexts qualify as inherently non-cooperative; we hypothesise that non-cooperativity favours the emergence of excessive language and, in particular, of hate speech. To test our hypothesis, we analyse three small corpora of discussion threads from two different social platforms. We propose that different types of canonical and non-canonical questions are indices of (non-)cooperativity, and we analyse their distribution in each discussion thread.
Religion, Politics, and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greek Society: Legal Confrontations and Social Implications
Authors: Sakellariou Alexandros
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic affected many aspects of people’s professional, family, and social lives including religious and spiritual practices. In Greece, although the government took strict measures to protect the population from infection, it hesitated to impose similar immediate restrictions on the Orthodox Church of Greece. The church was reluctant to close all the temples and persisted in practising the Sunday Mass and major religious holidays, albeit with a limited number of participants. Owing to this lack of unconditional compliance with the governmental restrictions, the church was perceived as being against the state and medical regulations. The main questions that this chapter will try to answer are the following: what kinds of measure were taken by the government in relation to religious places and practices during the pandemic? How did religious groups and institutions, mostly the Orthodox Church, respond to them? Did society accept these measures? Which was the pandemic’s impact on people’s religious beliefs, practices, and trust towards the Orthodox Church? The purpose of this chapter is twofold: on the one hand, to examine the implications on the societal level in the light of the Orthodox Church’s social and political dominance under the prism of secularisation and, on the other hand, to systematically describe the political and legal developments during the pandemic pertaining to the ‘politics–science–religion’ triangle in order to showcase the pandemic’s impact on religious practices.
Religion and COVID-19 in Croatia: Preference for Religion and Varieties of (Non)compliance
Authors: Hazdovac Bajić Nikolina , Zrinščak Siniša
Published: December 2024

In this chapter, we provide an overview of the legal and sociological aspects of the pandemic that pertain to religion. The legal measures undertaken by the Croatian government have not been challenged via the judicial system; the use of the courts for this purpose was almost non-existent. Concerning the sociological aspects, we focus on varieties of (non)compliance with government-prescribed measures at various levels of the Catholic community (religious leadership, clergy, and believers), as well as on how this (non)compliance changed over time. We also describe anti-mask attitudes and conspiracy theories in the belief that these phenomena, though not directly relatable to religion, reveal the overall social climate as a framework in which the social role of religion during the pandemic can be traced. Our analysis shows that the close relationship between the state and the Catholic Church was also evident during the pandemic. Furthermore, public debates about public health measures related to COVID-19 (e.g. vaccines and COVID-19 passes) contributed to the politicisation of the disease, and religion played an important role in this process. Although there is an evident lack of data on religious phenomena during the pandemic in Croatia, this chapter uses a variety of sources, including legal texts, the documents of public officials and institutions, media reports, and existing scholarly studies.
Changes in the Relations between the State and Religion during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Slovakia
Authors: Tížik Miroslav
Published: December 2024

Slovakia is a country with a Catholic majority but with a variety of other minorities – mainly Christian churches. In Slovakia, the COVID-19 pandemic occurred from March 2020 to April 2022 in four waves. Throughout all waves of the pandemic, there was no specific legislation in force or action taken regarding religious groups, and all restrictions on religious life were part of general restrictions. The differential treatment of religious and other actors was more evident in the case of various exemptions from measures, when in the early periods state-recognised religious groups were not afforded such exemptions, or they did not receive them to the same extent as some others, whereas in the second and later waves, by contrast, registered religious groups were afforded most exemptions from generally applicable measures, or strict anti-pandemic measures were relaxed during religious holy days. Non-registered religious groups or people without religious affiliation were not taken into consideration in the adoption of anti-pandemic measures or the exemptions from them. The available data from various studies suggest that the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on religiosity in Slovakia was a mixed one but without significant changes in religious affiliation and church attendance.
Dinamika Pembangunan Gorong-Gorong Terhadap Lalu Lintas di Jalan Ketintang Surabaya
Authors: Farukh Ahmada
Published: December 2024

The construction of culverts carried out on Jalan Ketintang, resulted in a significant impact on the surrounding environment. Street vendors who sell around the construction project and road users who pass by are the ones who feel the most impact. This research was conducted to find out how the dynamics that occur in the community around the construction site, especially for street vendors and road users along Jalan Ketintang. This research is qualitative and carried out with a phenomenological approach. The theory used as the basis of this research is the theory of social change proposed by Emile Durkheim. From this research, it is known that the street vendors who were affected by the construction of culverts were relocated to the newly built culinary center. However, the impact on road users seems to have been neglected, so there are many materials that hinder road users and often result in traffic jams.