bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implications of New Zealand’s Primary Health Care Policies for Management and Leadership
Authors: Ayeleke Reuben Olugbenga , North Nicola , Wallis Katharine Ann , Dunham Annette
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Reforms have been introduced since 2000 to make New Zealand’s health system primary care-led. A competent health management workforce is necessary to provide leadership for the goals of the reforms to be realised.

Aim and objective : To review New Zealand’s key primary health care policies from 2000 to 2016 and consider their implications for management and leadership. Methods : A document analysis was undertaken using qualitative content analysis. Eligible documents were identified through the websites of relevant government and non-government agencies, World Health Organisation, and through Google Scholar. Findings :Two key policy trends relating to primary health care were identified. Firstly, a population health orientation to improve access to health care through community participation, and secondly, an integrated approach to promote collaboration within the health system, and between the health system and other sectors. The inferred management and leadership skillsets required to realise these policies included relationship management and collaboration, change management, and leadership. Conclusion: New Zealand’s primary health care sector underwent substantial reform between 2000 and 2016. Management and leadership capabilities need to be strengthened and developed for the benefits of the reforms to be realised.
In this Issue
Authors: Briggs David
Published: August 2019

In this issue we start with the editorial and then present a research article from Matus, Wenke and Mickan that has an objective the development a practical toolkit of evidence-informed strategies for building research capacity in Allied Health. The focus on allied health continues with a further research article from McKeever and Brown who ask the question ‘What are the client, organisational and employee – related outcomes of high-quality leadership in the Allied Health Professions?’ The authors undertook a scoping review around these aspects in Allied health.
How Do We Develop Positive Health Policy?
Authors: Briggs David
Published: August 2019

During the recent Australian Federal election held on the 18th May 2019 much was made by all sides of the political divide about health and health services, much was praised, and more was promised in the name of health policy and improved approaches to health care delivery. Given that the ‘quiet Australians’ have made their choice and the political angst and dust has diminished, it might be time to return the debate to determine what it was that we all agreed to and where do we go from here.....
PENGARUH KESELAMATAN KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA FISIK TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN PABRIK PAKAN TERNAK PT. GOLD COIN INDONESIA MEDAN
Authors: Saputra Hendra
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Keselamatan Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Fisik Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan PT Gold Coin Indonesia Medan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT Gold Coin Indonesia Medan dengan populasi 120 orang. Pengambilan sampel didasarkan pada rumus Slovin, sehingga sampel yang diperoleh dan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 92 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah melalui angket (angket) yaitu dengan membagikan angket kepada sampel (responden) dan mengumpulkannya kembali. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Regresi Linier Berganda dengan menggunakan rumus Y = a + b1 X1 + b2 X2 + e. Pertama, menguji keterkaitan antar variabel dengan menggunakan uji normalitas data, multikolinearitas, dan heterokedastisitas. Dan untuk mengetahui kontribusi faktor keselamatan kerja dan lingkungan kerja fisik terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan digunakan uji Determinasi Koefisien. Setelah kuesioner dianalisis maka diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 10.026 + 0,314 X1 + 0,276 X2 yang artinya jika keselamatan kerja dan lingkungan kerja fisik di kondisi konstan maka motivasi kerja karyawan adalah sebesar 10.026. Selanjutnya nilai koefisien determinasi adalah 0,112 (11,2%) yang berarti bahwa variabel keselamatan dan lingkungan kerja fisik memberikan kontribusi sebesar 11,2% dalam menjelaskan variabel motivasi kerja dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar variabel dalam hal ini. penelitian. Untuk menguji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini digunakan uji F dimana keputusan F hitung> F tabel. F_table diperoleh dengan df1 = k-1; Df2 N-k (2; 89) dan diperoleh nilai 3,10. Dan hasil akhir diperoleh nilai F_hitung 5,622 lebih besar dari F_table 3,10, dengan tingkat signifikan 0,005 <0,05. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara keselamatan kerja dan lingkungan kerja fisik terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan pabrik pakan ternak PT Gold Coin Indonesia Medan. Kata Kunci : Keselamatan Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja Fisik, Motivasi Kerja Karyawan
PERAN EKOWISATA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS : HUTAN MANGROVE KUALA LANGSA)
Authors: Andiny Puti , Safuridar Safuridar
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan karakter produk dan pasar ekowisata yang berbasis masyarakat di kawasan hutan mangrove Kuala Langsa yang dapa digunakan untuk community based ecotourism dan mengkaji sejauh mana ekowisata berpengaruh dalam menggerakan peran serta masyarakat dan memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat setempat di Kuala Langsa. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari kuisioner yang diberikan kepada 100 orang responden. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif pada program komputer akan dapat ditampilkan deskripsi statistik berupa nilai rata-rata (mean), simpangan baku (standard devviation) dan frekuensi jawaban untuk setiap variabel. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari parameter aksesibilitas dan fasilitas yang memberikan dampak positif promosi tentang ekowisata hutan mangrove melalui media sosial dengan mean 3,88 dengan standar deviasinya 0,53711, sedangkan dampak yang tidak berpengaruh yaitu terdapat festival budaya setempat yang sangat menarik dengan mean 1,19 dengan standar deviasinya 0,39428. Dari sini terlihat bahwa karakter dan kondisi produk serta pasar ekowisata yang berbasis masyarakat masih kurang memunculkan karakternya. Kata Kunci : Pasar Ekowisata, Community Based Ecotourism.
Efek Komunikasi Massa Program Citizen Report Di Radio PRFM Bandung
Authors: Mendayun Iriyanti , Sjuchro Dian Wardiana
Published: August 2019

Hadirnya media jurnalis warga, membantu warga menyampaikan informasi dan pendapatnya. Hanya saja ini akan menjadikan media sebagai corong bagi warga untuk memperburuk citra suatu lembaga. Untuk itu peneliti ingin meneliti sikap khalayak Radio PR FM dalam memandang kinerja Kepolisian Lalu Lintas Kota Bandung setelah mendengarkan program Citizen Report di Radio PR FM. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 183 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas program program Citizen Report dengan sikap khalayak radio PR FM dalam memandang kinerja Kepolisian Lalu Lintas Kota Bandung. Baik itu tidak atau dengan di kontrol organisasi psikologikal individu. Hasil penelitian ini lebih merujuk pada teori disonansi kognitif yang menjelaskan bahwa individu konsisten dengan sikapnya. Ini terbukti cukup kuatnya hubungan antara organisasi psikologikal individu dengan sikap khalayak radio PR FM dalam memandang kinerja Kepolisian Lalu Lintas Kota Bandung.
Representasi Pergerakan Film Eksploitasi Indonesia
Authors: Baihaqi Muhammad Rasyid , Zulfan Ipit
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui representasi film eksploitasi Indonesia dalam film dokumenter Blood, Guts, and Bad Acting: Inside The Indonesia B Movies of 1980s. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan kajian semiotika Roland Barthes untukmengkaji makna denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos, yang terdapat dalam objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan film Blood, Guts, and Bad Acting: Inside The Indonesia B Movies of 1980s berusaha menampilkan bahwa pergerakan film eksploitasi Indonesia dilatarbelakangi kondisi ekonomi dan sosial politik Orde Baru. Terutama mengenai aturan ketat sensor film yang saat itu membatasi kebebasan berekspresi para pembuat film.
Persepsi Khalayak Terhadap Radio Komunitas Kampus 107.8 Mandalla FM
Authors: Pavitasari Shabrina Pramudita , Fadilah Efi , Merdekawati Ika
Published: August 2019

Radio komunitas hadir sebagai bagian dari pemerataan kebutuhan informasi sejalan dengan demokrasi yang semakin tumbuh. Radio Mandalla 107.8 FM, adalah radio komunitas kampus yang dikelola oleh kampus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kampus dalam penyebaran informasi. Uniknya radio komunitas ini mengklaim sebagai radio dakwah, yaitu menyebarkan informasi yang bertemakan Islam. Penilitian ini ingin mengetahui persepsi khalayak terhadap Radio Mandalla, dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dan kepuasan khalayaknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data primer penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil kuesioner kepada responden berjumlah 41 orang dengan menggunakan teknik berdasarkan tujuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan lebih dari 50% khalayak memberi nilai cukup tinggi kepada Radio Mandalla karena kebutuhan dan kepuasan mereka terhadapat informasi yang diberikan media tersebut terpenuhi. Khalayak menggunakan Radio Mandalla sebagai media untuk mencari informasi, sebagai media interaksi, dan penguatan eksistensi kelompok minoritas dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, Radio Mandalla merupakan salah satu media komunitas yang masih menjalankan peran dan fungsinya dengan baik, yakni dari, oleh, untuk komunitas.
PENANGGULANGAN GELANDANGAN DAN PENGEMIS DI INDONESIA (Analisis Program Desaku Menanti di Kota Malang, Kota Padang dan Jeneponto)
Authors: Fitri Ifni Amanah
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK Gelandang dan pengemis merupakan masalah sosial yang sering dijumpai khususnya di kota-kota besar. Tidak bisa dipungkiri semakin majunya pembangunan, maka semakin banyak munculnya gelandangan dan pengemis. Hal ini dikarenakan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan hidup masyarakat sedangkan lapangan pekerjaan yang tersedia tidak memadai. Untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut maka pemerintah membuat kebijakan dalam menanggulangi gelandangan dan pengemis salah satu kebijakan tersebut yaitu melalui program “Desaku menanti”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan program “Desaku Menanti” di beberapa daerah lokasi bantuan program. Diantara lokasinya yaitu, Kota Malang, Kota Padang dan Jeneponto, Sulawesi Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literature dengan mengumpulkan beberapa data melalui internet maupun surat kabar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan dalam pelaksanaan program “Desaku Menanti” antara daerah satu dengan daerah yang lain. Perbedaan itu dilihat dari bagaimana suatu desa dapat mengembangkan potensi yang ada dan memanfaatkan bantuan yang telah diberikan.Kata Kunci: Kesejahteraan Sosial, gelandangan dan pengemis, program Desaku MenantiABSTRACTHomelessness and beggars are a social problem caused by poverty. It cannot be denied that the more advanced development, the more the emergence of homeless and beggars. This is due to the increasing needs of the community while the available jobs are inadequate. In this case, the government has carried out various policies on homeless and beggars, one of these policies is through the program "Desaku Menanti". This study aims to find out how the implementation of “Desaku Menanti” program in several areas designated as aid locations. Among the locations are, Malang City, Padang City and South Sulawesi. The method used in this study is a literature study by collecting some data through the internet and newspapers. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the implementation of the program "Desaku Menanti" between one region and another region. The difference is seen from how a village can develop its existing potential and utilize the assistance that has been given.Keywords: Social welfare, Homeless and beggars, Desaku Menanti program.
MEMETAKAN TOKOH MASYARAKAT UNTUK KEGIATAN CSR PARTISIPATIF
Authors: Raharjo Santoso Tri , Humaedi Sahadi , Wibhawa Budhi , Apsari Nurliana Cipta
Published: August 2019

Implementasi kegiatan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (TJSP) atau corporate social responsibility (CSR) pada masyarakat seringkali keberhasilannya sangat ditentukan oleh para pemangku kepengtingan, selain masyarakat itu sendiri. Namun pada suatu masyarakat dengan karakteristik tertentu, keberadaan tokoh masyarakat (local leader) baik formal maupun informal masih sangat menentukan gerak dan arah kegiatan perubahan masyarakatnya, khususnya untuk keberhasilan kegiatan CSR. Pihak perusahaan dalam merancang kegiatan CSR perlu melibatkan masyarakat dari sejak awal, khususnya dalam melakukan pemetaan sosial (social mapping) dan seterusnya pada tahap pelaksanaan, serta kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi yang dilakukan secara berkesinambungan. Kegiatan mengidentifikasi dan memetakan para tokoh juga melibatkan masyarakat, sebab masyarakatlah yang paling merasakan kehadiran peran serta para tokohnya. Pihak perusahan, khususnya pada perusahaan dengan jenis industri ekstraktif, harus benar-benar memahami keberadaan para tokoh masyarakat, jenis-jenis tokoh masyarakat, serta peran sertanya dalam kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat terkait dengan CSR. Oleh karena itu, pada perusahaan diperlukan sumber daya manusia yang benar-benar mengetahui dan memahami tentang proses dan metode pengembangan masyarakat (community development) atau yang benar-benar paham mengenai konsep dan pendekatan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (corporate social responsibility). Sehingga kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat atau juga CSR yang sarat dengan pelibatan masyarakat (partisipatif) dapat menjaga kemandirian, keberdayaan (empowered) serta kesinambungan (sustainability) suatu program. Pada akhirnya akan tercipta relasi yang harmonis antara pihak perusahaan dengan masyarakat sekitar wilayah operasi kegiatan perusahaan.
ANXIETY IN QURAN (Thematic Study on Quran)
Authors: Muhdar Muhdar
Published: August 2019

Generally, every one ever felt an anxiety, the anxiety was normal experienced by people. However, might not let the heart and mind in anxiety, even less anxieted anything not yet happen. In addition, if talked about anxiety could not free from counseling.Therefore, than viewed in this skripsi are how the describe in Quran about anxiety trhougt the verses related conseling? and how the interpretation of the interpretator about these verses?Research method design in skripsi was maudhuâ€™i, in which the research only discusses one topic of discussion and then collected the verses that have meaning, theme or content of the same relating to anxiety. Then the researcher arranged chronogically the verses based of Asbabun Nuzul, where the research would make systematically.The research result showed that the anxiety could same with khauf, because same was a part of fair or fair emotion of unpleasant or the fair of the situation not yet happen. Looked the interpretation from the interpretator and psychology expert, could know than the anxiety had overcome, expecially the Quran was very prompt with surrender of Allah Swt.From the conclusion was gotten than anxiety disease can lost, in opinion of the researcher than overcome anxiety was heart grateful. Grateful of heart would calm feeling because everything is handed to God.
METODE TAFSIR AL-WADHI A-MUYASSSAR KARYA M. ALI AL-SHABUNI
Authors: Aljufri Ali
Published: August 2019

As a discipline, interpretation is inseparable from the method, which is a systematic way to achieve the level of a true understanding of the messages contained in the Qur'an. The introduction of the methodology in interpreting of the Qur'an is important to open our eyes to not only read commentaries that already exist, but also can see the new methodologies used by experts in contemporary interpretation. Methodology of contemporary modern interpretation is the study around the methods of interpretation that developed in the contemporary era. One method used by scholars of interpretation in the present era is to combine the interpretation of the history (bi al-ma'tsur) and using the ratio (bi al-Ra'yi) using a style that is easily understood.
REKONSTRUKSI PEMAHAMAN HADIS
Authors: Nawir Mohammad
Published: August 2019

The study concluded that the hadiths about gender equality in the fatwas of the Indonesian Ulama Council  (MUI) was based on the validity of the arguments hadith, such as the rules of a tradition validity , which has been tested and recognized by the Hadith scholar of classical and authoritative. This study agrees with Ibnuddin (2011) which states that the MUI in the case of interfaith marriage less open to the socio cultural and socio real political currently there in the country, resulting in a controversial fatwa. M. Quraish Shihab (2003), Yusuf al-Qaradawi (2011), which explains that to understand the traditions of the creation of women, needs to be understood metaphorically. This study differs from Asrorun Ni'am Salah M. (2012) which states that the MUI fatwa on female circumcision is neutral between the two groups.  The first group stated to perform the practice of circumcision in excess and the second group who forced himself to prohibition against female circumcision absolutely.  Yunahar Ilyas (1997) study which states that the hadith about the creation of woman from the rib is a sound hadith that already valid either in text or contextmeaning. This study uses the Socio-historical approach. The primary data is a collection of MUI fatwa on gender equality issues, among them the fatwa of the imam pray for women, female circumcision, interfaith marriage, female leader. While secondary sources are books of hadith, hadith and sirah Sharh al-Nabawiyah especially that rested in the MUI issued fatwa
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUI KEBERHASILAN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS (Teori Linguistik dan Al-Qurâ€™an)
Authors: Dakhalan Andi Muhammad
Published: August 2019

The emergence of todayâ€™s role of English as an international language (EIL) and as a global lingua franca (ELF) makes English language education important in many countries. In Indonesia, for example, it has been growing a number of schools ranging from kindergarten to university level which use English as the medium of instructions.Every subject in school curriculum has different objectives including English subject. But some students donot realize that, learning English is really important in their life. It makes them unmotivated in learning English. Lack of learnersâ€™ motivation is believed as one of the primary problems of English language teaching, many of them take it as a difficult lesson to learn. As a result, they skip class, and when they attend the class, it is not because they want to learn English but likely because they fear of failure. Moreover, lots of them may lack of attention during class, chatting with classmates, doodling in their note books or gasp in their textbooks. This present study aims at discovering the factors that influence the studentsâ€™ achievement in English language learning by using linguistic and Al-Qurâ€™an theory. The conclusion of the study is the factors that influence the studentsâ€™ achievement in English language learning are the studentsâ€™ intelligence, motivation, school facilities, policies of government and the principal, family, and environment
GAYA BAHASA AMTSAL MUSHARRAHAH DALAM AL-QURAN (Suatu Kajian Tafsir Tematik)
Authors: Isramin Isramin
Published: August 2019

This paper introduces the reader to Amtsal Musharrahah in the Qurâ€™an. Amtsal is the style of the Qurâ€™an that is very typical in providing information and imagery. With this style, the language of the Qurâ€™an has its own charm which shows that it is not a human language, but the word of God is eternal. Through thematic studies (maudhui interpretation) by searching several verses of the Qur'an containing amtsal, the authors conclude that the style of the Qurâ€™an is beautiful, full of meaning and lessons. Through Musharrahah Amtsal style, Qur'an attracts people to pay attention to the messages contained in that paragraph. Not only that, through Amtsal, Qur'an describe something abstract into something that can be felt and seen directly. Finally, the style amtsal musharrahah not only touches one's mind, but more than it was touch and move unpleasant deepest, so that humans moved to accept the contents of the Qurâ€™an.
INSAN KAMIL DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMAD IQBAL
Authors: Rusdin Rusdin
Published: August 2019

Every being has individuality or self. Degree elevation on every being in nature depending on the level of development of each individuality. The criteria for determining the quality of every being is how far he can live up to himself effectively. Individuality is the distinguishing mark in the concept of Khudi or Iqbal ego. Iqbal's philosophy about Khudi ends on his thoughts about the insan kamil, the ideal man. Insan kamil is the highest level that can be achieved not by way of meditation, but with an original creative work, which is lawful overwhelmed by love or ishq, firmness self or faqr, courage and tolerance. Achieve this through three phases: obedience to God, self-control and the caliphate of God.
REFLEKSI PAHAM JABARIYAH DAN QADARIYAH
Authors: Sidik Sidik
Published: August 2019

Both of these flow (Jabariyah and Qadarites), has a different ideology against human freedom though equally based on the proposition of the Qur'an, but there is a meeting point between the flow Jabariyah and Qadarites that humans actually have free will and therefore he will be held responsibility for the decision, though the decision is basically a fulfillment of destiny (provision) that have been determined. In other words, human free will cannot be achieved without the intervention of Allah SWT. In addition, Jabariyah teaching actually based on strong faith in Allah SWT Iradat qudrat and, coupled with the nature of His wahdaniat. For Qadarites man is the perpetrator goodness and evil, faith and kufr. This flow includes Jabariyah its reasons and arguments and opinions so that with a view to avoid the mistakes that plunged into error adherents of religion and the glory and holiness of Allah SWT
POLA PEMBINAAN TAHSIN ALQURAN DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Tamrin Tamrin
Published: August 2019

This paper describes the pattern formation of Tahsin Qur'an organized by the student Association HIQMAH as an institution that bring together people who have a talent and interest in the art of reading and writing the Qur'an. The description was -analytic descriptive study, with a focus on the activities undertaken tahsin Qur'an start from the recruitment process to the implementation of various scientific studies both of scientific seminars or meeting. It can be concluded that the Qari and Qariah of Student Association (HIQMA) Central Sulawesi carry out its activities in the form of regular coaching per week, their participation in the Musabaqah event until taklim program in accordance with programs determined in the meeting program. Qur'an recitations art that developed in the Islamic countries and Tahfidz Qur'an is very major activities that can be especially developing capabilities as well as the deepening of the sciences of the Qur'an and recitation for students.
PERINTAH MEMERANGI NON MUSLIM DALAM HADIS
Authors: Haidir Rahman A.M. Ismatulloh Dan
Published: August 2019

There is a hadith which contains orders to fight adherents of other religions outside of Islam. The Hadith gives the impression of imposing Islam on adherents of other religions. On the other hand, there are traditions which show the tolerance of the Prophet Muhammad to adherents of other religions. The contradiction between the two themes between coercion and tolerance originating from the same source raises its own versatility in understanding the hadith. This study aims to reveal the meaning of the hadith comprehensively and its relevance in the present context. This research is a descriptive analytic literature study. The data in this study were collected by documentation method to then be managed with the method of analysis ma'ani al-hadith. The research findings state that the hadith commands against non-muslims are spoken in the context of war. The order was aimed at non-muslim parties with the category of ahli harbi. In the present context, this hadith is relevant to the conditions of war
POTENSI KONFLIK PASCA BENCANA
Authors: Sofyan Nur Wahid
Published: August 2019

The potential conflict for post-disaster, especially between religious communities, is a fact that cannot be denied. This study portrays the potential between the Islamic and Catholic communities in Ngargomulyo Village after the Mount Merapi disaster. This research uses the framework of motive, incentive and apportunities theories popularized by Neil and Reigharts and the conflict and peace approach that was popularized by Johan Galtung. The results of the study showed that the potential confilict for post-disaster was caused by the unstable mental condition of the community and the unstable economic factors. Thus, it is expected that the role of humanitarian institutions is to provide capacity building programs for the community both through training, strengthening existing institutions in the community (RT, RW, PKK, Karang Taruna, churches, mosques, Islamic Boarding Schools, Community Group Schools /community). Other effects of disasters in the form of indirect conflict can also be mitigated by disaster management that includes aspects of mitigation response, good recovery and rehabilitation and overall distribution of aid, based on the principle of no harm in distributing aid and the principle of impartiality looking at ethnicity, religion, race and color, so that the issue of criticism does not interfere with the response period. In addition, humanitarian agencies and disaster management must consider aspects of local wisdom such as culture, the role of figure and involvement of local resources.
PRASANGKA DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Bakri Mubarak
Published: August 2019

Prejudice is one of the causes of horizontal conflict in the society today. Starting from prejudice giving rise to excessive suspicion which led to slander and disharmony between one another. Through this article, the author discusses prejudice in the Koran as a source of solutions to all diseases, including prejudice as a social disease. The author uses thematic interpretations as a method in constructing the Qur'anic insights related to verses examining prejudice by taking the keyword az-zannu. Through this word, it is elaborated in depth the nature of az-zannu and its characteristics in the Qur'an, and how it relates to the az-zannu with its own prejudices. Finally, the author also describes the influence of prejudice in modern society today.
ALQURAN SEBAGAI SUMBER EPISTEMOLOGI
Authors: Ilham Muh
Published: August 2019

In the midst of debates of scientists about the nature of science, character and source, this article reveals that the Koran is an epistemological source that cannot be doubted by its truth. By tracing thematic functions and verses by analyzing them in the framework of philosophical interpretation, it is found that the Koran is very intense calling on thinking, pondering, doing research and of course reading. At the same time, the Koran indicates that science is essentially all from God. There is no separation between religion and general science. In addition, the source of knowledge is not only limited to the five senses alone, but there is knowledge that comes from a clean heart through a spiritual process. Science is known as ladunni, this concept is what distinguishes the Koran as a source of epistemology with the concept of epistemology introduced by Western scientists
As relações de poder e os reflexos ao meio ambiente e à vida
Authors: Gumbowsky Argos , Treml Krishna Schneider , Juraszek Lucia , Ossig Viviane Dick , Marchesan Jairo , Bazzanella Sandro Luiz
Published: August 2019

As sociedades humanas relacionam-se a partir de intensas relações de poder, gerando conflitos políticos, econômicos e sócio ambientais. Conflitos são travados em torno da lei, das normas e da lucratividade. A visão de poder advinda de Foucault confronta a visão convencional de que o poder reside no Estado e é operacionalizado pelas suas instituições, entre elas o Direito. No Brasil, a tutela ambiental é uma área relativamente nova, que tem seu marco histórico na Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (PNMA). Nesse contexto, o problema posto em destaque no artigo é: como as relações de poder convalidam decisões e posicionamentos em assuntos que envolvem a vida e o meio ambiente? Sob quais motivações as relações de poder tornam permissíveis a reincidência de eventos como recentemente ocorreu em Mariana (2015) e Brumadinho (2019) no Estado de Minas Gerais? Utilizou-se dos recursos da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O objetivo geral consiste em compreender as relações de poder que convalidam decisões e posicionamentos em assuntos que envolvem a vida e o meio ambiente. Sob esse prisma, fundamentou-se nas ideias e investigações de Michel Foucault (1926 - 1984). Contudo, foi na década de 1970, mediante as publicações realizadas sobre o poder nas relações sociais que o autor se destacou como um dos filósofos mais renomados do panorama cultural, na contemporaneidade. Conclui-se que é a partir da compreensão das relações de poder que talvez poder-se-á constituir uma perspectiva de desenvolvimento em que meio ambiente e vida possa se apresentar integradas e indissolúveis e sua multiplicidade de manifestação e, sobretudo em sua preservação.

Palavras-Chave: Relações de poder. Meio ambiente. Desenvolvimento. Vida.
Measurement strategy as a determinant of the measurement uncertainty of an optical scanner
Authors: Koteras Robert , Wieczorowski Michał , Znaniecki Piotr , Swojak Natalia
Published: August 2019

The subject of the article is an attempt to determine the impact of the applied measurement strategy on the accuracy of the measurement result. This problem is particularly crucial when measuring large objects. In these cases, it is not always possible to provide ideal conditions for the submission of particular scans. It is necessary to adjust the strategy to specific imposed conditions defined by the geometry of the object and to the time frame of the measurement itself.

With regard to the above, an attempt was made to carry out a series of accuracy studies testing the structural light scanner while measuring elements of overall dimensions greater than the measuring capacity of the scanner. At the same time, various potential measuring strategies were simulated in practical applications. Our studies were conducted using a pre-designed test template with a defined distribution pattern of reference points and geometrical elements. Moreover, in order to make an in-depth investigation of the issue, some trials were undertaken with the use of limiting parameters. That means the scanner had both an excess and shortage of information required for a correct assembly of scans. Those scopes were taken into consideration in the study in order to use the acquired knowledge in practical measuring applications. Furthermore, conclusions from the conducted studies indicate peaks and troughs of respective measuring strategies with special care for determining relationships among the used strategies and the measuring accuracy parameters.
A method to increase the survival of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus brevis at a lowered pH
Authors: Jurkowski Andrzej , Kozioł Jacek J. , Gronczewska Ewelina
Published: August 2019

Lactobacillus brevis PCM 2570 is a strain of lactic acid bacteria, i.e. probiotic bacteria whose major fermentation product is lactic acid. The efficiency of lactic acid production is limited by the value of ambient pH. This study aimed to increase the survival of this bacterial strain at a reduced pH (3.9), which would result in an increased yield of lactic acid fermentation. In our experiment the survival rate of probiotic bacteria L. brevis PCM 2570 was increased 1.2-fold to 6.96-fold due to the presence of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, as compared to the control. The minimum concentration of nanoparticles with a positive effect was 8 mg/ml, but the optimum concentration was 20 mg/ml.
Chemical or Surgical Treatment in Ingrown Toenails? Practical Issues from a Case Series
Authors: Chiriac Anca , Birsan Cristina , Podoleanu Cristian , Stolnicu Simona
Published: August 2019

Introduction: An ingrown toenail is a serious medical problem that cannot be overlooked, and the decision of choosing between conservative versus surgical treatment may be difficult in daily practice.

Case series presentation: We present the cases of two young men with a long history of ingrown toenails, previously treated by complete nail avulsion, numerous topical applications of antibiotics, and 5% silver nitrate, successfully treated with caustic chemical agents, compared to a 19-year-old athlete with debilitating pain, intense inflammatory changes, infection, granulation tissue induced by skin penetration of lateral nail edge by an incurved toenail, in whom surgical treatment was needed.

Conclusion: Chemical matricectomy in the absence of any surgical intervention, along with patience allowing the nail to grow, could be an option that is easy to perform in case of ingrown nails. However, the selection of cases is important, taking into balance the benefit-risk ratio.
Impact of Coronary Plaque Vulnerability on Acute Cardiovascular Events – Design of a CT-based 2-year Follow-up Study
Authors: Mitra Noémi , Hodas Roxana , Szabó Evelin , Parajkó Zsolt , Benedek Theodora , Benedek Imre
Published: August 2019

With coronary artery disease (CAD) projected to remain the leading cause of global mortality, prevention strategies seem to be the only effective approach able to reduce the burden and improve mortality and morbidity. At this moment, diagnostic strategies focus mainly on symptomatic patients, ignoring the occurrence of major cardiovascular events as the only manifestation of CAD. As two thirds of fatal myocardial infarction are resulting from plaque rupture, an approach based on the “vulnerable plaque” concept is mandatory in order to improve patient diagnosis, treatment, and, by default, prognosis. Given that the main studies focus on a plaque-centered approach, this is a prospective observational study that will perform a complex assessment of the features that characterize unstable coronary lesions, in terms of both local assessment via specific coronary computed tomography angiography markers of coronary plaque vulnerability and systemic approach based on serological markers of systemic inflammation in patients proved to be “vulnerable” by developing acute cardiovascular events.
Hybrid warfare and hybrid threats today and tomorrow: towards an analytical framework
Authors: Weissmann Mikael
Published: August 2019

This article first traces the origin of hybrid warfare and the label game surrounding the concept, asking whether it is merely old wine in a new bottle, and if so, whether it is still a useful concept. It is found that while being old wine in new bottles, it is still a good wine well worth drinking. While there is not much new in the concept itself, it is a useful tool to think about past wars, today’s wars and the wars of the future. Thereafter, this paper analyses how hybrid warfare and hybrid threats are to be understood in the context of peace, conflict and war. It is shown how hybrid warfare and threats fit into our traditional understanding of conflict dynamics.
Morphology, Morphometry and Histogenesis of the Prenatal Dromedary (Camelus Dromedarius) Spleen
Authors: Jaji Alhaji Zubair , Saidu Adamu Saleh , Mahre Mohammed Bakari , Yawulda Mbaya Pindar , Girgiri Ibrahim Alhaji , Tomar Piyush , Da’u Faruk
Published: August 2019

Prenatal gross morphologic, morphometric and histologic developmental features of the dromedary spleen were studied. The dromedary gestation period (13 months) was categorized into four (1-4) phases and ten developing spleens per growth phase were sampled. Splenic topographical anatomy was noted before being eviscerated from each foetus. Morphologic and morphometric features of the eviscerated spleens were immediately documented and 2 – 4 mm thick samples were collected for histological analysis. The developing spleen was dark brown in colour, semilunar shaped and significantly increased (p<0.05) in size and weight across the four phases of prenatal development. The full-term dromedary spleen was observed to have unique histological features. Its capsule had an inner smooth muscle and an outer predominant connective tissue layer. The pumping of stored blood from the muscular capsule and trabeculae was proportionate to the body’s requirement. The splenic venous return was characterized by blood flow from the red pulp (venous sinusoids) to the peritrabecular sinuses, subcapsular sinuses and finally to the splenic veins. The dromedary has a sinusal type of spleen and has both open and closed types of circulation. The presence of closed circulation and absence of marginal sinus could be the reason for dromedary main health problems of blood parasites; Trypanosoma evansi. It was concluded that most of the salient features of the postnatal spleen were already evident in the first growth phase and became developed by the second phase. Other growth phases were mainly characterized by increase in sizes.
Epidemiology of Dyslipidemia Among Adult Population of Bangladesh
Authors: Rabeya Rokshana , Nabi Mohammad Hayatun , Chowdhury Ariful Bari , Zaman Sanjana , Khan Mohammad Niaz Morshed , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain
Published: August 2019

Background and aims: evatedEl level serum of lipids stimulate atherosclerosis, which is the risk factor for stroke, peripheral vascular taeohrrratrrocvtra disease. The aim of this study was to explore the pattern and associated factors of dyslipidemia among Bangladeshi adult population.

Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient department (OPD) of four Medical College Hospitals, Bangladesh. 200 adults aged 20 to 65 years diagnosed case of dyslipidemia were randomly selected. Fasting CHO, HDL, LDL and TG were measured. According to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), dyslipidemia was classified into (a) Hyper-lipidemia: TC>200 mg/dl, TG>150 mg/dl, (b) Hyper cholesterolemia: TC>200 mg/dl, (c) Hyper-triglyceridemia: TG>150 mg/dl, and (d) Atherogenic-dyslipidemia: TG>150 mg/dl, LDLC>165 mg/dl.

Results: Study found 46% hyperlipidemia, 37% atherogenic dyslipidemia, 13.5% hypercholesterolemia and only 3.5% hypertriglyceridemia. BMI, FBS and HDL-C were significantly higher among female compare to male (p=<0.01, <0.01 and 0.04 respectively). TC and TG were significantly higher among higher calorie intake group in compare to normal intake group (p=0.04).

Conclusions: Results of this study concluded that hyperlipidemia and atherogenic dyslipidemia are common and female dyslipidemic patients are susceptible to develop higher BMI, FBS, and HDL-C.
Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity and Clinical Parameters in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Report from the Walking with Diabetes Study
Authors: Arovah Novita Intan , Kushartanti Bernadeta Maria Wara
Published: August 2019

Background and aims: This study investigate the effects of increases in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on several clinical parameters in Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Material and methods: This study used clinical and physical activity data of forty-two T2DM patients who completed a 6 month-free-living physical activity program, the Walking with Diabetes Study. Upon completion of the program, participants were categorised into a group with increases in MVPA (the MVPA+ group, n=24) or a group with steady/decreases in MVPA (the control group, n=18). High density lipoprotein, triglyceride, routine hematology profiles, blood pressure, body mass index, weight/hip ratio and self-reported MVPA, at baseline, 3 and 6 months were retrospectively analysed. Generalized estimating equation adjusted for age and sex were conducted to assess group and time effects on the clinical parameters.

Results: Hemoglobin (p <0.01), erythrocytes (p<0.05), hematocrits (p<0.001) and thrombocytes (p<0.05) were higher in the MVPA+ group. The 1h and 2h-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) increased in both groups across time (p<0.001). No changes between groups across time were found for other parameters.

Conclusions: Increases in MVPA improve several hematology parameters in T2DM patients, but it does not have protective effects in controlling systemic inflammation in T2DM patients.
CD4/CD8 Antibodies Reduce Histopathological Damage in Salivary Glands of Spontaneously Diabetic Mice
Authors: Netto Raphael Oliveira Ramos Franco , Moura Eliézer Guimarães , Col Luan Oenning , Barros Magda Jaciara , Netto Juliana de Almeida Rodrigues Franco , Cajazeiro Débora Chaves , Fernandes Victor Augusto Ramos , Farias Danielle Aranha , Caldeira Eduardo José
Published: August 2019

Background and aims:Diabetes affects the metabolism promoting damage in different tissues, including salivary glands. Current treatments, such as insulin, are ineffective to recovery of these tissues. In this aspect, the immunotherapy has been tested, but it can be inefficient as an agent for the control of damage caused by diabetes. The aim of this study to evaluate the association in anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody in the recovery of salivary glands of diabetic NOD mice.

Material and methods:Fifteen spontaneously diabetic mice (NOD) were divided into three groups with 5 animals each: group I (Balb/C control mice), group II (untreated NOD mice), group III (NOD mice treated with CD4 and CD8 antibodies). The CD4 and CD8 antibodies (IMUNY, Rheabiotech Ltda, Brazil) were administered by intravenously injections (25 ug/days: 0, 7, 14, and 21). After treatment salivary glands samples were analyzed by immunofluorescence, microscopy, light microscopy and stereology. (ethical approval process: 304/11), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test were used.

Results:Elevated levels of glucose (mg/dl) were observed in untreated animals (group II) (605.25 ± 31.23, p≤0.05), whereas in treated animals (group III), were noted a decrease in these levels (464.77 ± 39.66, p≤0.05). Tissue restructure, characterized by cell volume recovery, also was observed in group III (nuclear volume of parotid glands: (109.91 ± 02.03, p≤0.05) and submandibular glands: (107.52 ± 02, p≤0.05) (cytoplasmic volume of parotid glands: (356.14 ± 26.34, p≤0.05) and submandibular glands: (331.22 ± 32.11, p≤0.05). Intense signaling (+++) of insulin receptors was observed in animals of group I. On the other hand, in group II was noted a reduction of these receptors (+). In treated animals (group III) were observed a recovery of the insulin receptors (+++).

Conclusions:This treatment was effective in the recovery of salivary acinar cells, contributed also to homeostasis of body metabolism. Thus, this immunomodulation promoted a beneficial effect on the recovery of these tissues.
The Impact of Structured Diabetes Education on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at Initiation of Basal Insulin – The Basal-EDUC-RO Study: A Randomized Prospective Study
Authors: Bala Cornelia , Rusu Adriana , Moise Mihaela , Roman Gabriela
Published: August 2019

Background: Basal-EDUC-RO Study evaluated the impact of structured education provided at the initiation of basal insulin therapy on glycaemic control in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, parallel group study (ACTRN12616001273471) which enrolled 711 patients initiated on insulin therapy with a basal insulin analogue. The subjects were randomized (1:1) to either structured education (structured education group; 353 patients) or standard education (control group; 358 patients) and followed for 6 months.

Results: The median HbA1c levels at 6 months after start of basal insulin were significantly lower in the structured education group than in the control group (7.2% vs. 7.4%, p <0.001). In the structured education group, 49.4% of subjects achieved HbA1c targets vs. 34.4% in the control group, p <0.001. Number of documented symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes (all and nocturnal) was lower in the intervention group (139 vs. 217 for all episodes and 13 vs. 26 for nocturnal hypoglycemia) but with no statistical significance. No effect of intervention was seen on body weight, but there was no weight gain in any of the groups at 6 months.

Conclusions: A structured diabetes education program delivered to patients with T2D started on a basal insulin analogue significantly improved glucose control at 6 months compared to a less intense education strategy. The positive effect was mainly seen on the percentage of patients who achieved individualized HbA1c pre-set targets, with a non-significant reduction in episodes of overall and nocturnal documented symptomatic hypoglycemia.
In-Situ Moisture Assessment in External Walls of Historic Building using Non-Destructive Methods
Authors: Freimanis Ritvars , Vaiskunaite Rasa , Bezrucko Tereza , Blumberga Andra
Published: August 2019

In-situ measurements of a case study building located in Riga old town near the river Daugava has been carried out in this work. Performed measurements are moisture level of historic masonry, and interstitial monitoring of temperature and relative humidity between the layers of internal insulation and external wall. Obtained results are compared with outdoor weather data. Results show that during the cold months of the year no rising damp problem. No interstitial condensation under the internal insulation, and no risk of mold growth occur. However, the façade of the building tends to be highly influenced by the outdoor weather, and the moisture of the masonry increases during the rain load events.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of different plant parts of Anacardium occidentale L. and Mangifera indica L.: a comparative study
Authors: Sija S. L , Athulya A. S , Mahima M. R , Vidhya Ashok
Published: August 2019

Anacardium occidentale L. and Mangifera indica L. has been used worldwide both for pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries due to the presence of biological activities of some of its metabolites. The present study comprises the correlation of antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity in ethyl acetate extract of young leaves and bark of A. occidentale and M. indica. The activity of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) on radical scavenging effect of the extracts was carried out by spectrophotometrically. All the plant extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging activity and among the extracts, A. occidentale young leaves indicated higher antioxidant potential in comparison with those of the other extracts. The antibacterial activity of various extracts was also screened against some human pathogens of clinical importance; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Salmonella typhi; Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.