bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The latest legal framework for the functioning of the State Land Cadastre
Authors: Stanislavskyi V.P.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the latest principles and novelties of legal support for the functioning of the State Land Cadastre in Ukraine. The legal issues of information interaction between the State Land Cadastre of Ukraine and the national geospatial data infrastructure are revealed. The author identifies the advantages of adapting the current legislation in the field of land cadastre to the requirements of the European Union Directive 2007/2/EC (INSPIRE) and considers the possibility of their implementation in the legal system of Ukraine to improve cadastral activities and land relations. The article provides proposals for improving the legislation and its adaptation to EU standards. The author concludes that the current Ukrainian legislation requires comprehensive changes to bring it in line with the EU standards on information interaction within the land cadastre. It is emphasised that the adoption of the principles of the INSPIRE Directive can be an effective way forward in improving the national geospatial data infrastructure. It is argued that the lack of interaction and automated exchange of geospatial data in a single environment with registers, cadastres of executive bodies of local self-government, utilities, institutions and organisations in the fields of urban planning, architecture, and land resources is a significant problem for guaranteeing the land rights of land relations subjects. The author emphasises that the most pressing problems of legal regulation in the field of land relations and cadastral activities today include imperfections in public administration of land relations, insufficient development of the automated system of the State Land Cadastre, and lack of an effective mechanism for economic incentives for land use and protection. The author proves that the functioning of the State Land Cadastre of Ukraine today is based on the following principles: processing, systematization and storage of information on the objects of the State Land Cadastre; synchronization of information contained in the national geospatial data infrastructure and the State Land Cadastre; integration of geographic information systems of Ukraine and the European Union with a view to creating a single information space for the use of 3D and 4D land data; counteraction and protection of information contained in the State Land Cadastre.
Responsibility as a legal and ideological basis in the whistleblowers’ institute development
Authors: Radovetska L.V. , Tugharova O.K.
Published: September 2023

In the context of the development of modern society, on the one hand, issues of national security have acquired a considerable scale of acuteness in their development, and on the other hand, they have become an impetus for rethinking complex approaches, initiation and development of various processes, caused the creation of various institutions, in particular, the system of anti-corruption bodies, in particular, the development of well-thought out effective mechanisms of their functioning. The article raises an actual problem in modern science and practice related to the understanding and proper perception of the institution of whistleblowers - a source and tool for obtaining acute, relevant, socially significant information. Just yesterday’s legislative amendment, which at the legislative level regulated the issue of obtaining «insider» information about the illegal actions of individuals in the context of anti-corruption issues, but today it is already a really effective mechanism, which, in particular, allows under the conditions of the legal regime of martial law to counteract various threats , because today all the forces and resources of the Ukrainian state are aimed at countering internal and external threats. In the context of approaches to understanding social responsibility and the social nature of whistleblowers, the authors attempt to reveal the potential of this concept and the opportunities that open up in connection with its further scientific understanding. In this regard, aspects of both legal and ideological issues are highlighted, and legal issues are first of all detailed and analyzed. The interdisciplinary nature of the whistleblowers institute is emphasized. The legislative plan proposes the expediency of distinguishing the right to information disclosure in the context of the modern information rights’ formation. The distinction between whistleblowers and other related concepts is emphasized. Options for solving legal problems are offered, as well as prospects for their development.
Reforming the state environmental monitoring system in Ukraine
Authors: Sharapova S.V.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of the functioning of the system of monitoring the quality of the natural environment. The article emphasizes that the main source of information on the qualitative state of the natural environment, as well as information on the state of natural resources, is environmental monitoring. In order to obtain reliable environmental information, the state system of environmental monitoring must function properly and have an appropriate legal basis.Attention was drawn to the fact that today the state system of environmental monitoring needs substantial reformation and improvement of the legal framework for management activities in the specified area. Attention is drawn to some problems in the system of information provision of nature management and environmental protection. The shortcomings of the system of monitoring both the state of the natural environment and the qualitative state of Ukraine’s land resources are highlighted.The author highlights the main tasks and focus of environmental monitoring. It is emphasized that the leading role in the formation of the system of information support for the rational use and protection of natural resources belongs to environmental monitoring. Special attention is paid to land and soil monitoring. It is emphasized that the function of land and soil monitoring is entrusted to the central executive body that implements state policy in the field of land relations, the central executive body that implements state policy in the field of environmental protection, which in turn will help to eliminate the problem of the monitoring organization system. At the same time, land and soil monitoring data will be collected in one database, which will help to compare them and carry out an appropriate analysis of the qualitative state of lands and soils.Changes to the environmental legislation regarding the legal regulation of the functioning of the state environmental monitoring system have been studied and analyzed. Legislative norms aimed at improving the legal regulation of information on the state of the environment and mechanisms for ensuring access to it are analyzed. It was emphasized that the reform of the state environmental monitoring system is a new stage in the improvement of the information system and its interaction with similar systems in other countries of the world.
Ensuring freedom of entrepreneurial activity: the obligation of the state and legal positions of the court
Authors: Daraganova N.V.
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the practice of courts of administrative justice in the context of the analysis of their legal positions, addressed to the state’s obligation to ensure guaranteed protection of the constitutional right of a person to entrepreneurial activity, which is not prohibited by law.It has been established that the root cause of the emergence of a number of disputes in the field of entrepreneurship is mostly not legislative gaps or inadequate quality and clarity of laws, but their incorrect enforcement, which is connected with the tendency of each party (controlling body and subject of entrepreneurial activity) to interpret these norms in their own way benefit.It was found that the administrative courts, which were created and operate to protect the rights, freedoms and interests of individuals in the field of public-law relations, formed a system of legal positions aimed at ensuring the freedom of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. It has been investigated that such legal positions are: the inadmissibility of inspections of business entities based on anonymous and other groundless statements; the reason for conducting an inspection visit should not be an appeal by any physical person, but only by a person in respect of whom labor legislation has been violated, which has caused damage to his rights, legitimate interests, life or health, the surrounding natural environment or the security of the state; the body of state supervision (control) within the limits of its powers during the implementation of state supervision (control) has the right to receive relevant and appropriate explanations, certificates, documents, materials, information on issues arising during state supervision (control); during the implementation of state supervision (control), the business entity is obliged to provide documents, samples of products, explanations in the amount that it considers necessary, which gives it a certain «margin» to exercise its own discretion in the aspect of making certain decisions, actions; advertising deception of the consumer is a type of leveling of the principle of freedom of entrepreneurial activity; the subject of the inspector’s unscheduled control can be only those issues that became the legal basis for its conduct, which correspond to the requirements and conditions of freedom of entrepreneurial activity in the state, not prohibited by law.
Pharmaceutical activity: approaches to understanding and legal features
Authors: Frolova O.H.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the legal features of pharmaceutical activity. The content of pharmaceutical activity is based on the specification of the «basic» features of this concept. It turns out that the pharmaceutical activity is characterized by a complex nature and a certain systematic nature of the implemented social and legal measures. It is analyzed how the complexity of the legal nature of this activity is manifested.The research examines the relationship between the content of the concept of «pharmaceutical activity» and the concept of «health care», which allows us to formulate the conclusion that the characteristics of health care can be taken into account in the content of the legally defined signs of pharmaceutical activity. They should be connected, first of all, with its economic and legal properties, which in health care ensure the process of creating relevant benefits. It is explained why pharmaceutical activity is «represented» in its types and their separate varieties in the current legislation. It is clarified what the economic purpose of pharmaceutical activity is.Attention is focused on the social goal of pharmaceutical activity and it is noted that this goal is directly related to measures that in the socio-economic sector of health care provide health protection, disease prevention, as well as prolonging life and strengthening health.It ed system of special entities (participants) authorized to apply the specified measures in health care. They are, including, pharmaceutical workers. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that the different legal status, powers and functions of subjects of pharmaceutical activity, as well as the desire to achieve the corresponding (different) goals determine their specific «place» in the system of social and legal measures carried out within the limits of pharmaceutical activity.Separately, it is noted that various subjects of pharmaceutical activity, as well as subjects and objects and goals of pharmaceutical activity, are among themselves in certain relationships that acquire the meaning of legal relations.
Language competence as an element of professional competence of civil servants in Ukraine
Authors: Shevchuk O.M. , Kovtun M.S. , Spasenko V.O.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of language competence of civil servants as an important element of professional competence. In this context, the reform of the civil service institute, which is taking place under martial law, requires the training of a new generation of civil servants, the formation of a promising personnel reserve. We are talking about the creation of a highly professional public service corps - persons competent in a certain field, who possess the relevant knowledge and abilities that allow them to act effectively in the relevant field, and with the help of highly developed language competence - to expand the communicative space.On the basis of the studied material, it was established that the required level of professional competence of a civil servant is possible only if he has an appropriate level of linguistic and communicative competence, which is manifested in the fluent command of the state language.The influence of the state language policy on the formation of language competences of civil servants is of great importance. The reforms that are currently taking place in the state regarding the establishment at the legislative level of the use of the English language as the language of international communication, as a language whose knowledge is a mandatory condition for a significant number of civil service positions, indicate the direction of the formation of language competence of candidates for civil service positions. In Ukraine’s aspirations to become part of the European family, overcoming the language barrier is an important task. And therefore, the mandatory command of one of the official languages of the Council of Europe, especially English, as a requirement for persons applying for entry into the civil service, should be extended to positions of all categories of civil service, provided that such civil employees will at least periodically use this language in their official activities. It is also important to further improve the level of mastery of the English language and those officials who currently hold positions where knowledge of the language is a mandatory condition.
Differentiation of criminal liability for intentional and negligent destruction or damage of objects of the plant world: foreign experience, national perspectives
Authors: Movchan R.A.
Published: September 2023

The article is aimed at obtaining a scientifically based answer to the question of the expediency of differentiating responsibility for intentional and negligent destruction or damage to objects of plant life (Article 245 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).It is noted that the parliamentarians of absolutely all analyzed countries took a unanimous position on the need to differentiate responsibility for, on the one hand, the destruction or damage of forests (or objects of the plant world in general), which was the result of careless handling of fire or other sources of increased danger, and , on the other hand, for the destruction or damage of objects of plant life, committed either by arson only, or also by explosion or other generally dangerous method. At the same time, the position of the parliamentarians, who, taking into account the extremely high danger of the aforementioned arson or other intentional acts of general danger, are considered to be the most justified, recognize such behavior as criminally illegal, regardless of the amount of damage caused by it (formal composition), which, while not affecting criminalization, is at the same time recognized as a factor of differentiation responsibility; as for careless handling of fire, given the objectively lower degree of public danger of these actions, criminal liability for their commission arises only if certain consequences occur.Separate court decisions are also cited, in which, according to the same norm (Article 245 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), objectively different manifestations of careless and intentional destruction or damage to plant life, which differ in the degree of public danger, are qualified.As a result of writing the article, a general conclusion is made about the need to differentiate criminal liability for, on the one hand, the intentional destruction/damage of plant life objects committed by arson, and, on the other hand, the destruction/ damage of plant life objects that were the result of careless handling fire or other sources of increased danger.
Criminal and legal signs of a criminal organization: problems of theory and practice
Authors: Okolit O.V.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of actual theoretical and practical problems related to the criminal-legal features of a criminal organization and the formation of scientifically based recommendations on the improvement of the current legislation and the practice of its application on this basis.It was established that in the definition of a criminal offense committed by an organized group contained in part 4 of Art. 28 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, an error was made (instead of the word “it”, “he” was used), which should be eliminated by amending the law on criminal liability.It is argued that the definition of the purpose of creating a criminal organization needs to be clarified, since there cannot be a criminal organization that is created solely to ensure its functioning.It was established that, despite the fact that mandatory criminal law features of a criminal organization are defined in Part 4 of Art. 28 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in judicial practice (primarily in procedural documents) other signs of this organized criminal association are identified, in particular, specialization, plan of activity, rules of conduct, etc. These and other additional features are definitely characteristic of individual criminal organizations, but they first of all testify to the existence of their mandatory criminal law features, provided for in Art. 28 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Therefore, there is no need to recognize other signs as mandatory, as this will expand the scope of evidence, and therefore increase the burden on law enforcement officers, and may further complicate law enforcement activities. The indicated situation is probably due to the lack of legislative consolidation of the criminal-legal features of a criminal organization in the Criminal Code of Ukraine or another law, and therefore the problem should be solved by introducing legislative changes.
Separate issues of improving the norm on criminal liability for insulting the honor and dignity of a military serviceman, threatening to a military serviceman (Art. 435-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine)
Authors: Serdechna A..Yu.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the most acceptable ways of eliminating the shortcomings of the norm on criminal liability for insulting the honor and dignity of a military servant, threatening to a military servant. In particular, the author analyzed the following obvious constructive defects of the disposition of Article 435-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine: 1) inconsistency with the generic object of insulting the honor and dignity of a military serviceman, threats to a military serviceman of the Section of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, to which the legislator placed the specified norm; 2) similarity of the objective aspect of the composition of the crime provided for in Art. 435- 1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, with separate methods of committing the crime provided for in Art. 114-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; 3) the impracticality of the existence of a restrictive feature in the disposition, which indicates that the military serviceman must carry out measures to repel and contain the armed aggression of the Russian Federation (and not of any aggressor state); 4) the need to specify that a socially dangerous act is committed not simply in relation to a military serviceman who carries out measures to ensure national security and defense, repel and deter armed aggression (his close relatives or family members), namely in connection with the participation persons in such events.On the basis of scientific analysis, taking into account the similarity of the objective side of the composition of the crime provided for in Art. 435-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as well as methods of committing the crime provided for in Art. 114- 1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the identity of the generic object of the specified components of the crime protected by criminal law means, the expediency of implementing the norm on insulting the honor and dignity of a military servant, threatening to a military servant in Art. 114-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, with the simultaneous change of the title of the article to «Hindering the lawful activities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, other military formations and their military servicemen», changing the numbering of parts 1-2 to parts 2-3 and aligning the text of part 3 of Art. 114-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine with the content of the amendments. In the author’s opinion, the specified steps will eliminate a number of significant structural flaws and deficiencies made by the legislator during the addition of Article 435-1 to the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and will also allow to harmonize the content of the relevant sections of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and their articles.
The peculiarities of exemption from serving a sentence with probation on the basis of Art. 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Shylo I.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of exemption from serving a sentence with probation on the basis of Art. 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In the article, the authors drew attention to the peculiarities of exemption from serving a sentence (Article 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), the peculiarities and terms of such an appointment; duties imposed by the court on a person released from serving a probationary sentence (Article 76 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). The state of the current criminal legislation is considered on the example of court practice. Exemption of a person from serving a sentence with probation is used quite often by the courts, taking into account the conditions contained in Art. 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The first thing the court pays attention to is the term of the imposed punishment, namely, no more than five years, and the absence of specific criminal offenses specified in the article, taking into account the changes made on December 13, 2022. Equally important is the consideration of the identity of the culprit, namely: social status, demographic data, post-criminal behavior, criminal-legal characteristics, etc. And also the presence of mitigating and aggravating circumstances. An important point is the clarification of the Criminal Court of Cassation as part of the Supreme Court of Ukraine regarding exemption from punishment with probation for a criminal offense committed with complicity. A review of previous numerous studies on the subject under consideration and an analysis of the gaps that were pointed out in the conclusions of the studies were carried out.Special attention was paid to the draft of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the norms contained in it regarding exemption from punishment in connection with probation. A comparison with the current criminal legislation was made, and positive points were identified, such as an increase in the term of the prescribed punishment from five to eight years, except for the one convicted of a crime of the 6th degree of gravity, related to the use of violence. There are also no restrictions in the project regarding a certain category of criminal offenses, for example, corruption or related to corruption, certain military criminal offenses (Articles 403, 405, 407, 408, 429 of the Criminal Code), torture (Part 3 of Article 127 of the Criminal Code). On the basis of the conducted research, meaningful conclusions were made with the indication of problematic points and measures to eliminate them.
Regarding the defense counsel’s participation in criminal proceedings at the pre-trial investigation stage
Authors: Kiyanitsa V.M. , Gunko K.O.
Published: September 2023

It is indicated that the participation of a defense attorney in criminal proceedings at the stage of pre-trial investigation, especially in the conditions of martial law, is a complex process that requires attention and research. Depending on the context of the conflict and the specific circumstances, the participation of the defender may be limited or unavailable at all, which violates the principles of fair trial and equality. So, this article examines the participation of defense counsel in criminal proceedings during the pre-trial investigation stage, particularly in times of a state of war. The article analyzes the legal norms and procedural rules that define the rights and obligations of defense counsel during the pre-trial investigation. Specifically, it explores the defense counsel’s right to participate in procedural actions, including the questioning of witnesses, experts, and suspects, as well as the examination of crime scenes and evidence, and access to case documents and materials.The research is based on relevant data, including the Presidential Decree No. 64/2022 and amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. By analyzing legislative acts, it is revealed that a state of war affects the participation of defense counsel in criminal proceedings. In particular, a state of war may lead to changes in the legal system, the adaptation of procedural rules, and the provision of conditions for the functioning of the justice system during challenging periods.Analysis of legislative acts and experience showed that additional measures and recommendations are needed to ensure the effective participation of the defender in the pre-trial investigation during martial law. It is important to develop mechanisms that guarantee the rights of the defender, in particular, access to information, the opportunity to participate in procedural actions and ensuring confidential communication with the client. In addition, attention should be paid to the education and training of lawyers so that they are ready to effectively defend the rights of suspects and accused persons in the difficult conditions of the conflict.
The role of the IAEA in establishing international standards for the use of atomic energy (retrospective analysis)
Authors: Les I.O.
Published: September 2023

Paradoxically, the peaceful use of nuclear energy and all the prospects it opens up for humanity often coexist with the prospect of nuclear proliferation and nuclear war. This difficult perception is understandable: the materials, knowledge, and expertise needed to produce nuclear weapons are generally no different from those needed to produce nuclear energy and conduct nuclear research.Therefore, ensuring the peaceful and safe use of nuclear energy has always been in the center of attention of the international community. The approach is determined by a complex of national and international measures. It is generally accepted that the primary responsibility for regulating the use of nuclear energy rests with national authorities, but it is also clear that other countries may also be affected. Thus, like many other human activities with potentially transboundary consequences, nuclear energy regulation requires a residual, and in some cases joint, responsibility on the part of the international community to ensure the harmonization of standards, coordination and pooling of resources and services, and regulatory cooperation this activity.In this regard, the IAEA and other international and regional organizations play the role of coordination centers. Article II of the IAEA Statute states that the organization shall seek to accelerate and increase the contribution of atomic energy to world peace, health and prosperity and shall provide, as far as possible, assistance upon request. IAEA supervision or control shall not be used to achieve any military objective.International peration in the field of nuclear energy over the past six decades has resulted in legally binding norms and advisory standards and regulations. This article outlines this global legal framework for the safe and peaceful development of nuclear energy. In particular, it concerns nuclear safety, radiation protection, radioactive waste management, transportation of radioactive materials, emergency assistance and planning, civil liability for nuclear damage, physical protection of nuclear material, armed attack on nuclear facilities, safeguards and controls carried out and provided by the IAEA.
Expropriation in international law and problems of its implementation in Ukraine
Authors: Tsybulska O.Yu.
Published: September 2023

Questions of ownership and protection of property have long been considered fundamental aspects of socio-economic relations that determine the nature and development of society. However, in the context of globalization and growing international interaction, the property problem takes on a new dimension. The concept of expropriation as a means of limiting one’s own rights and related legal problems deserves special attention. In the context of international law, expropriation becomes one of the key topics that require careful analysis and systematization.Expropriation, as an essential element of the development of society, requires careful research from a multifaceted perspective, taking into account its legal, economic, political, and socio-cultural significance. This issue becomes especially relevant in the context of Ukraine, which, being at the crossroads of international interests and geopolitical challenges, faces the need to ensure the protection of property and property rights at various levels.In modern conditions of deep integration and interaction of international subjects, the issue of expropriation gains importance not only at the level of national legislation but also at the international level, where new challenges and contradictions arise. The process of globalization and international trade creates complex situations where foreign investors, international companies, and states can face various forms of expropriation, including direct, indirect, and justified expropriation.Ukraine, as an active member of the world community and a subject of international law, also faces these challenges and must adapt its legislation to the requirements of international standards, ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of its citizens and foreign investors. Issues of ensuring fair compensation, transparency of expropriation procedures, as well as avoiding shortcomings and abuses by the state are becoming especially relevant.
"Norms for decision" and "the Methodological Claim to Fairness" in the works of Eugene Ehrlich and Robert Alexi
Authors: Blikhar V.S.
Published: September 2023

The article under studies deals with the issue of openness of interpretation. It emphasizes that the pathos of E. Ehrlich’s activity on the whole and the leading idea of his norms for decision, in particular, revolve around the concept of what might be called the methodological claim to fairness. As a result, norms for decision precisely convey Ehrlich’s vision of how this claim can be satisfied. For the modern Ukrainian legal reality, both the notion of the claim to fairness and the concept of norms for decision are relatively open issues.In order to achieve this goal, it is essential to answer two questions: first, what is the essence of methodological claim to fairness, and second, in which way do norms for decision perform the function of a means of satisfying this claim. The answer to these questions lies in the fact that the abstract methodological claim to fairness is the advocated by E. Ehrlich demand for recognition of free law-making, which consists in the rejection of the omnipresence of interpretation. The hypostatized subject of such a claim is the juridical method, its addressees are judges and / or professors, whereas its means are norms for decision. In a generalized form, the methodological claim to fairness is primarily a demand for openness of interpretation in the event of gaps or errors in law and / or laws. Norms for decision are primarily a way of filling gaps in the course of free law-making praeter legem, as well as a means of correcting errors in the case of free law-making extra, including contra legem. In other words, it is the matter of eliminating the shortcomings of law and / or laws.Filling in gaps and correcting errors take the form of weighing interests (E. Ehrlich) and principles (R. Alexy) and aim at forming a potentially universal legal rule that may involve the subsumption of the circumstances of the case. To put it differently, it is focused on creating norms for decision. Although norms for decision are of a casual origin, they go beyond the case in which they arise. The latter results from the requirement of equal treatment, which means that under the same conditions, subjects of law should be treated equally.
Mentality as the basis of the formation of the philosophical and legal model of the Ukrainian society
Authors: Savaida O. , Tsytsyk O.
Published: September 2023

The article clarifies the essence of such a philosophical and legal phenomenon as mentality and its influence on the formation of the Ukrainian community. The importance of mentality in the process of forming a new modern model of the Ukrainian community has also been clarified. Based on the analysis of the modern philosophical and legal doctrine, the essence of the community in the conditions of modern Ukrainian society through the prism of its axiological and culturological components is also revealed. It also shows the main features of the mentality of our people, which in one way or another affect various processes in our states, in particular, the process of community formation, as a unifying element for the effective coexistence of individuals with each other and with other subjects, including the state. One of the types of mentality is analyzed - the national mentality, which is also an important factor in the construction and functioning of the modern Ukrainian community, which is considered as a necessary condition for the development of both a strategic plan for the development of the state and law, as well as a tactical line of reforming the society itself. Each nation has its own mental base, which is its important component. It is formed over a fairly long period of time, but its effectiveness also lasts for a long time and is passed down from generation to generation. Thanks to this, people stick together, unite in certain formations (communities), develop themselves, the people around them and their country. Such a peculiarity of our people as mentality (especially strong spirit and liberality) helps us and other peoples to understand our culture, outlook, habits and actions in certain historical aspects and the current being of our people. The mentality itself is created for a very long time, and it is influenced by many factors, for example, historical events, state and legal reforms, etc. It should also be noted that following the process of the formation of our statehood, it can be stated that, despite the difficult historical fate, we Ukrainians have developed a rather strong mentality (this is especially evident now during the war). This strong side of our mentality manifests itself in almost everything, starting from the conduct of life, in state and legal processes, and ending with spiritual aspects.
American Propaganda of Freedom and Uniqueness of Personality through the Images of DC Comics Antiheroes
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Temerbaeva Alexandra S.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this article is to determine the role of American comics as one of the most effective tools of political propaganda of such American values as freedom, perceived as permissiveness, and the uniqueness of the individual, manifested in the rejection of traditional norms. So that the propaganda works effectively all over the world, the US actively uses mass culture. In the modern world, one of its most popular elements are DC comics – graphic stories. They are very popular among young people. At first glance, these pictures, which are only entertaining in nature, are a powerful relay of American values, through which the necessary ideas are easily fixed in the minds of young readers. As iconic characters of such works, the article considers the Joker and Har-ley Quinn. In conclusion, it argues for the idea that such mass culture media become an instrument of political propaganda and serve to implement the concept of “soft power” on the part of the United States towards other countries, pursuing the goal of spreading America’s influence in the world.
Ecotourism and Smart Tourism in the Context of Sustainable Development of the Tourism Industry in Russia
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Ralyk Dinara V.
Published: September 2023

The article presents statistical confirmation of the dynamic development of the tourism industry in Russia, which resumed after the pandemic 2020, and analyzes the demand for environmental and cultural and educa-tional tourism services. At the same time, there is a low degree of population involvement in the process of in-dustry digitalization. The global spread of the sustainable development concept has also affected the tourism sector, the peculiarity of which is the organization and maintenance of the movement of travelers' flows in space. The consequences of tourists’ activity on the way to the destination and on the host territory may be negative. In this regard, the quality management of this process should be carried out with long-term compli-ance with the balance of economic growth goals with environmental awareness and social responsibility. The realization of the idea of sustainable tourism is associated with its digital transformation, as well as the prob-lems of developing the intellectual capital of the territories. Due to the lack of clear terminological links in the system of sustainable tourism, the author clarified the essence and interrelation of the terms “sustainable tour-ism”, “smart tourism”, “digital tourism”, “intellectual tourism”, “educational tourism” and “ecological tourism”.
Political and Economic Effects of the Far Eastern Federal District Center Relocation (2018–2021)
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Vasiliev Vasiliy A.
Published: September 2023

The article attempts to analyze the causes and socio-economic indicators of the Far Eastern Federal District after the relocation of its center from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in 2018. Due to the unprecedented nature of such a management act, its consequences are one of the least studied areas of political science. As a result of the conducted research, the author concludes that the relocation of the federal district center contributed to the acceleration of Vladivostok’s development dynamics in a number of socio-economic indicators: financial, con-struction, investment, demographic. In addition, the superimposition of the effects of such a solution contributed to obtaining additional positive externalities. The topic of the work is of great scientific and practical interest, the research materials may be of interest to both scientists – researchers of the issue and practitioners – specialists in the field of public administration.
Formation of International Artificial Intelligence Governance Regimes: Key Trends and Main Actors
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vasilyev Dmitry P.
Published: September 2023

Currently, international artificial intelligence (AI) governance regimes are taking shape. In this article, the author identifies key trends and characterizes the activities of the main actors of this process at the global, regional and bilateral levels. The existence of two approaches to AI governance is proved. At the global level, “soft law” norms are being created. However, an approach has emerged in Europe that involves the development of le-gally binding rules. It is emphasized that Western countries predominantly conduct activities on AI not under the auspices of the UN, but within less inclusive organizations, making global governance of the technology inef-fective. It is also revealed that in the field of artificial intelligence regulation, states prefer to work in a multilat-eral format and there are no bilateral agreements. At the same time, despite the fact that most of the initiatives are being developed by existing organizations, there is a tendency to create new international bodies. In addi-tion, it is revealed that various regional organizations have started to work on AI regulation, and this may lead to the formation of several international regimes and the fragmentation of AI global governance.
SYMBOLISM OF BODY IN FRENCH PROVERBS AND ITS EQUIVALENTS IN SUNDANESE: A CULTURAL SEMANTICS STUDY
Authors: Saefullah Nurul , Rosalina Risa
Published: September 2023

A proverb is a type of folklore that is passed down from one generation to another as a tradition. In its formation, proverbs use expressions and word choices related to life around the community and cannot be separated from the cultural values it wishes to express. One of the constituent elements is the use of the parts of the human body which philosophically contain a symbolic meaning that can be interpreted. In this paper, French proverbs containing these terms are described, their meanings examined, and then compared with Sundanese proverbs. The aim is to find the universal values of proverbs from different cultural backgrounds. This research was conducted using a descriptive-comparative method with a cultural semantics approach. The results of the study show that the parts of the human body used in French proverbs are the names of the parts of the human body themselves, both the external parts and the organs inside the human body. Apart from that, the functions of the parts, their abilities, or disabilities are also found in the data. From a comparative perspective with Sundanese proverbs, French proverbs have equivalent meanings and values expressed in various ways.
Transformación Digital en Educación Superior. Posibilidades y Desafíos
Authors: De Giusti Armando E.
Published: September 2023

En este trabajo se analiza el panorama que se plantea en las Universidades ante el rápido avance de la transformación digital en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad. Se discuten aspectos que definen la transformación digital, sus ejes tecnológicos y los pasos que están dando las instituciones de educación superior para adaptarse a esta transformación buscando mantener y mejorar el aprendizaje de los alumnos y la calidad de los egresados. Se trata de presentar una mirada integral, que vaya más allá del ámbito del aula y considere aspectos críticos en una Universidad como son la infraestructura para adecuarse al cambio tecnológico, los cambios en la gestión que se requieren, la capacitación de docentes y no docentes y también los aspectos que derivan en un modelo “pedagógico-tecnológico” que adopta diferentes herramientas y metodologías para potenciar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Por último, se analizan aspectos positivos y desafíos abiertos en el tema de la transformación digital de la Educación Superior.
Fomentando Competências Empreendedoras e de Inovação em um Curso de Sistemas de Informação na Modalidade EaD
Authors: Lopes da Silva Garcia Léo Manoel , Salcedo Gomes Raquel , Francisca Lara Dainy
Published: September 2023

Esse trabalho apresenta um experimento interdisciplinar realizado em um curso de Sistemas de Informação, com o objetivo de estimular o desenvolvimento e aplicação de competências de empreendedorismo e inovação previstas no currículo do curso. Buscou-se também investigar a percepção dos alunos quanto ao desenvolvimento das características do perfil, habilidades e competências enquanto avançaram pelos componentes curriculares. Identificou-se que é pequena a associação das competências previstas para o egresso do curso aos componentes curriculares cursados, padrão este que aparece de forma mais acentuada quando se trata de competências ligadas à gestão, empreendedorismo e inovação.
Análisis cualitativo de las competencias de autonomía, aprendizaje y comunicación en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Martínez Marín José María
Published: September 2023

El foro virtual es uno de los recursos tecnológicos que ha mostrado más utilidad en la construcción y gestión por parte del alumno universitario de su propio conocimiento, ya que facilita la puesta en marcha de estrategias de participación, colaboración y autoaprendizaje. En esta investigación se ha pretendido realizar un análisis de contenido y se han codificado a través de un proceso deductivo las intervenciones de los alumnos en los foros virtuales de una asignatura de segundo curso del Grado de Ingeniería Informática. Los principales resultados muestran que parece existir una relación entre la participación en el foro, la calidad de la misma y la obtención de una nota de aprobado o superior. Esta relación es aún más acusada si se contabilizan únicamente a los alumnos que participaron más de una vez en el foro, ya que más de un 85% de los mismos consiguieron como mínimo aprobar la asignatura.
Aula invertida en matemática mediada por la creación de videos usando la plataforma YouTube para estudiantes de ingeniería
Authors: Ayala Chauvin Marco Antonio
Published: September 2023

El presente estudio describe una experiencia didáctica llevada a cabo en el Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Ecuador, para el componente de Análisis Matemático Multivariado. Durante un semestre, se implementó la metodología de aula invertida como enfoque de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El docente produjo videos de las clases y los alojó en la plataforma YouTube para que los estudiantes pudieran revisarlos de manera asíncrona durante su trabajo autónomo. Además, se elaboraron talleres para que los estudiantes pudieran desarrollarlos en las reuniones síncronas con el docente. Al final del semestre, se aplicó una encuesta para evaluar la percepción de los estudiantes sobre el uso de videos originales y la realización de talleres. Los resultados indicaron una valoración positiva de la metodología de aula invertida, especialmente en cuanto al aprovechamiento del tiempo en el aula y el interés por el componente. También se observó una preferencia por el enfoque de aula invertida en comparación con el sistema tradicional y el uso de videos como complemento a la explicación del profesor. Finalmente, los videos se consideraron como un soporte útil para ponerse al día en el componente, lo que demuestra que esta metodología puede mejorar los resultados académicos de los estudiantes.
territorial de las problemáticas socio-ambientales y habitacionales
Authors: Bianchini Natalia
Published: September 2023

El propósito del presente artículo es analizar la vinculación entre lo territorial en las problemáticas socio-ambientales y   habitacionales actuales. Para ello, se parte de la configuración de la cuestión social para comprender cómo se instala la  división social, sexual y racial del trabajo, la distribución del poder a escala global y su vinculación con las políticas neoliberales  de los gobiernos latinoamericanos. Luego, se reconstruyen ciertos aspectos socio-históricos de la conformación de las villas miserias y abordan las expresiones de las problemáticas ambientales y habitacionales en los territorios objeto de estudio. Por último, se reflexiona sobre la vinculación entre lo territorial y los procesos de salud, enfermedad, atención y cuidados.