bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Building Footprint Mapping, Extraction, and Visualization for Urban Planning in Karachi Using Python on Google Colab: A Methodology for GIS Developers
Authors: Khan Imran Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Urban planning is a critical discipline that influences the development and sustainability of cities. In this paper, we describe a holistic methodology for automatically extracting, mapping, and visualizing building footprints in Karachi using Python on Google Colab. This method uses cloud-based technologies to automate the extraction of data from open-source satellite imagery, process this into meaningful spatial formats, and visualize building footprints with minimal human intervention. The methodology is for GIS developers, urban planners, and other stakeholders in urban management, giving a scalable and efficient solution to the complex task of urban spatial analysis. The GoogleBuildingMiner tool, within the mapminer allows easy access to building footprint data by querying the Google Maps API and other relevant sources. The successful extraction of spatial data over 1 km areas compatible with any GIS software demonstrates the wide applicability of the method for extracting the building footprint on a global scale. The results show how much Python-driven automation might increase the accuracy of the data extracted, reduce the time involved in manual digitization, and standardize the output formats into an acceptable format for subsequent analyses and decision-making purposes.
The Effects of Network Architecture on the Photomechanical Performance of Azo-Acrylate Liquid Crystal Elastomers
Authors: Svanidze Anastasiia , Kundu Sudarshan , Iadlovska Olena , Thakur Anil K. , Zheng Xiaoyu , Palffy-Muhoray Peter
Published: December 2024

Azo-containing liquid crystal elatomers are photomechanical materials which can be actuated by
illumination. The photomechanical response is a result of the photoisomerization of the azo moiety, which
produces bulk stresses in the material. These stresses arise via two distinct and competing mechanisms:
order parameter change induced stress and direct contractile stress. We describe thermomechanical and
photomechanical experiments aimed at assessing the relative contributions of these. we discuss our results and summarize our findings.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Diagnosing Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN): Practical Recommendations and Insights From Countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council
Authors: Bakshi Nasir , Al Hejazi Ayman , Al-Maghraby Hatim , Al Mugairi Areej , Alotaibi Ahmad S. , Khogeer Haitham , Seliem Rania Medhat , Pandita Ramesh , Raslan Heba , Aung Phyu P. , Ohgami Robert S.
Published: December 2024

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an aggressive orphan hematopoietic malignancy characterized by cutaneous and systemic hematologic involvement. BPDCN is frequently misidentified, but early, accurate diagnosis is critical to extending patient survival using tagraxofusp, a first-in-class CD123-targeted therapy, and increasing their chances of receiving a potentially curative stem cell transplantation. Cases of BPDCN in countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council are lower than the extrapolated incidence from other geographic locations due to lack of awareness of key diagnostic features, lack of consensus on the minimal phenotype for diagnosis, and lack of local immunohistochemistry testing facilities, contributing to underdiagnosis in this region. Practical recommendations, a streamlined diagnostic panel, and suggested multidisciplinary approaches based on expert experience regarding diagnostic and clinical challenges specific to this region and a review of the literature are presented here to facilitate diagnosis of BPDCN in this region by primary care physicians, dermatologists, and hematologists.
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Considering the Landslide Spatial Aggregation Using Dual Frequency Ratio Method: A Case Study on the Middle Reaches of Tarim River Basin
Authors: Yi Xuetao , Shang Yanjun , Liang Shichuan , Meng He , Meng Qingsen , Shao Peng , Cui Zhendong
Published: December 2024

The phenomenon of landslide spatial aggregation is widespread in nature, which can affect the result of landslide susceptibility prediction (LSP). In order to eliminate the uncertainty caused by landslide spatial aggregation in LSP study, scholars have proposed some methods to quantify the degree of landslide spatial aggregation, such as class landslide aggregation index (LAI), which is widely used. However, due to the limitations of the existing LAI method, it is still uncertain when applied to the LSP study of the area with complex engineering geological conditions. Considering the landslide spatial aggregation, a new method, dual frequency ratio (DFR), was proposed in this paper to establish the relationship between the landslide occurrence and twelve predisposing factors (namely, slope, aspect, elevation, relief amplitude, engineering geological rock group, fault density, river density, annual average rainfall, NDVI, distance to road, quarry density and hy-dropower station density). And in the DFR method, an improved LAI was used to quantify the degree of landslide spatial aggregation in the form of frequency ratio. Taking the middle reaches of Tarim River Basin as the study area, the application of DFR method in LSP study was verified. Meanwhile, four models were adopted to calculate the landslide susceptibility indexes (LSIs) in this study, including frequency ratio (FR), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF). Finally, the prediction performance of each LSP model was evalu-ated by the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) and distribution patterns of LSIs. The results showed that DFR method could reduce the adverse effect of landslide spatial aggregation on LSP study and enhance the prediction performance of LSP model better. In addition, models of LR and RF had superior prediction performance, among which DFR-RF model had the highest prediction accuracy value and quite reliable result of LSIs.
From Cell Lines to Patients: Dissecting the Proteomic Landscape of Exosomes at Breast Cancer
Authors: Shefer Aleksei , Yanshole Lyudmila , Proskura Ksenia , Tutanov Oleg , Yunusova Natalia , Grigor’eva Alina , Tsentalovich Yuri P. , Tamkovich Svetlana
Published: December 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide, therefore, the efforts of many scientists are aimed at finding effective biomarkers of this disease. It is known that exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are released from various cell types, including cancer cells. Exosomes are directly involved in governing physiological and pathological processes of an organism by horizontal transfer of functional molecules (proteins, microRNA, etc.) from producing to receiving cells. Since the diagnosis and treatment of BC were improved substantially with exosomes, in this study, we isolated breast carcinoma cells‐derived exosomes, primary endoteliocytes-derived exosomes and blood exosomes from BC patients at 1st stage of disease and investigated their proteomic profile. Exosomes were isolated from the samples by ultrafiltration and ultracentrifugation, followed by mass spectrometric and bioinformatics analysis of the data. Exosomal nature of vesicles has been verified using transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Exosome proteins secreted by MCF-7 and BT-474 cells were found to form 4 clusters, three of which enhanced the malignant potential of cancer cells, and one cluster coincided with a cluster of HUVEC-derived exosome proteins. Despite the different ensembles of proteins in exosomes from the MCF-7 and BT-474 lines, these portions of these proteins are involved in similar biological pathways. Comparison analysis reveals more BC-associated proteins were found in the exosomal content from the blood of BCPs than in the content of conditioned medium of cells mimicking the corresponding cancer subtype (89% and 82% for luminal A BC and MCF-7 cells and 86% and 75% for triple-positive BC and BT-474 cells, respectively). Thus, tumor-associated proteins should be sought not in exosomes secreted by cell lines, but in the composition of blood exosomes of cancer patients, while the contribution of endotheliocyte exosomes to the total pool of blood exosomes can be neglected.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in 3D Printing Using the FDM Method
Authors: Filipiak Fabian , Łukaszewski Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

The research presented in the article deals with the application of artificial intelligence, specifically chatbots, in the process of optimizing 3D printing by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Thanks to its widespread availability, 3D printing technology has gained popularity across various fields, but the process has been plagued with problems related to misprints due to improperly selected parameters. This study aimed to determine whether AI chatbots can identify and correct 3D printing defects. Additionally, it examined their ability to modify g-code to optimize print quality. The paper consists of two main parts: theoretical and design and research. The theoretical part discusses the development of artificial intelligence, 3D printing technology and vision systems used to evaluate the quality of prints. The role of AI in monitoring and optimizing the 3D printing process was emphasized. In the research part, experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of selected chatbots to identify defects in 3D prints and suggest corrections. Various scenarios were analyzed in, which chatbots were expected to identify and suggest solutions for deliberately introduced defects in printing parameters, such as too high printing speed, improper temperature or defects in model geometry. The results of the study indicate that chatbots, despite some limitations, can significantly improve the quality of 3D prints, which opens up new prospects for automation and quality control in manufacturing processes.
Acoustic Performance of Tufted Carpets Coupled with Underlayment Produced from Tannery Wool Waste
Authors: Broda Jan , Kobiela-Mendrek Katarzyna , Baczek Marcin , Rom Monika
Published: December 2024

Sheep wool is a precious, renewable raw material that is nowadays disregarded and wasted. To better use local sources of wool, it was used to manufacture tufted carpets. The coarse wool of mountain sheep was used to form a carpet pile layer, while the waste wool from the tannery industry was applied to form carpet underlayment. During investigations, the acoustic performance of the carpets was assessed. The carpets' sound absorption coefficients and transmission loss were determined using the impedance tube. It was revealed that adding of the underlayment improves the carpet's sound absorption only at medium sound wave frequencies. The underlayment significantly increases transmission loss in the whole frequency range. The acoustic performance of the carpets with the wool underlayment is similar to the acoustic characteristics of the carpets with the underlayment made from polyester. It was concluded that the wool nonwoven can be used as an effective, eco-friendly, sound-absorbing carpet underlayment, which can improve wool utilisation and contribute to the reduction of environmental pollution caused by plastic residues.
Elucidating the Role of the T Cell Receptor Repertoire in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Barakos Georgios Petros , Georgoulis Vasileios , Koumpis Epameinondas , Hatzimichael Eleftheria
Published: December 2024

T cells, as integral components of the adaptive immune system, recognize diverse antigens through unique T cell receptors (TCRs). To achieve this, during T cell maturation, the thymus generates a wide repertoire of TCRs. This is essential for understanding cancer evolution, progression, and the efficacy of immunotherapies. Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are hematological neoplasms that are characterized by immune evasion mechanisms, with immunotherapy giving only modest results thus far. Our review of TCR repertoire dynamics in these diseases reveals distinct patterns: MDS patients show increased TCR clonality with disease progression, while AML exhibits varied TCR signatures depending on disease stage and treatment response. Understanding these patterns has important clinical implications, as TCR repertoire metrics may serve as potential biomarkers for disease progression and treatment response, particularly in the context of immunotherapy and stem cell transplantation. These insights could guide patient stratification and treatment selection, ultimately improving therapeutic outcomes in MDS and AML.
Kesadaran Moral Hidup Berhukum Warga Negara Dalam Membayar Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Akhyar Zainul , Kiptiah Mariatul , Elmy Muhammad , Fahlevi Reja
Published: December 2024

Kesadaran moral dalam hidup berhukum merupakan salah satu pilar dari kriteria hukum yang baik dan efektif dalam suatu kehidupan bernegara. Jika kesadaran hidup berhukum warga negara rendah, maka akan berdampak pada tingkat kepatuhan terhadap hukum itu sendiri.  Kesadaran moral dalam hidup berhukum ini tampaknya terjadi pada fenomena kepatuhan membayar pajak kendaraan bermotor sebagaimana hasil penelitian ini.  Sebagian besar informan masih rendahnya terkait dengan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kewajiban membayar pajak kendaraan bermotor, demikian juga aspek keyakinan dan sikap  masih sangat rendah.  Sebagai akibatnya perilaku mreka cenderung kurang positif terhadap kewajibannya dalam membayar pajak kendaraan bermotor.  Rendahnya kesadaran moral dalam hidup berhukum ini tampaknya perlu perlu disikapi oleh segenap pihak terkait guna dicarikan solusi yang  yang tepat untuk memperbaikinya; karena hal itu akan brdampak signifikan terhadap Pembangunan bangsa dan negara.
The Farmers' Mutual Cooperation Community's Values in Agriculture
Authors: Dasfordate Aksilas , Winoto Darmawan Edi , Pangalila Theodorus
Published: December 2024

The values of farmers' mutual cooperation in agriculture were examined in Javanese society, where challenges related to differences in provider quality hindered the assessment of the indigenous economic landscape. Economic indices from various sectors dating back to 1880 were interpreted. The Quantitative Descriptive method was employed to describe and analyze findings without broad generalizations. Participant statements and their responses were examined to identify discrepancies between research findings and existing theories. Qualitative research methods, including interviews and observational techniques, were used to collect data through oral or written communication, enhancing the compilation of observation reports on contextual learning progress. Data analysis was guided by the Miles and Huberman methodology, which directed the process from data collection to presentation and conclusion. Findings indicated a rapid increase in skilled workers after 1830, particularly among carpenters. The number of carpenters surged due to the arrival of newly trained experts, supporting the transportation of goods from rural areas to major cities and ports. Jepara and Rembang emerged as key centers for ship equipment and furniture production, with Rembang employing approximately 700 carpenters by 1840.
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Go Buya Berbasis Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Dasar 12 Perbatasan Entikong
Authors: Syamsijulianto Tri , Sapriya Sapriya , Sa'ud Udin Syaefudin , Riyana Cepi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan media pembelajaran Go Buya berbasis pendidikan karakter terjadi peningkatan pendidikan karakter di Sekolah Dasar (SD) 12 Entikong, Kalimantan Barat. Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan di SD berperan penting dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik yang bertanggung jawab, kritis, dan berkepribadian positif. Media pembelajaran Go Buya dikembangkan dengan pendekatan game-based education untuk meningkatkan pendidikan karakter peserta didik, khususnya dalam nilai-nilai toleransi dan cinta tanah air. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain pretest dan posttest pada 25 peserta didik yang dipilih secara acak dari total populasi sebanyak 50 peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Go Buya secara signifikan meningkatkan nilai persatuan dan karakter peserta didik, dengan hasil pretest rata-rata sebesar 60,92 dan posttest sebesar 73,77. Uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji-t menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media pembelajaran Go Buya memberikan efek positif dalam meningkatkan pendidikan karakter di SD perbatasan. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa melalui game dalam pembelajaran dapat sebagai metode pembelajaran dapat menjadi solusi efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan karakter peserta didik di daerah perbatasan.
DESIGN AND BUILD THE GAME SOLID SHAPES EXPLORER BASED ON ANDROID
Authors: Kurniawan Putra Ade , Primasetya Armin Aidil
Published: December 2024

In mathematics lessons in elementary schools, the learning methods used by teachers are often still conventional, which can reduce students' interest in learning, especially at the elementary level, making them feel that math is not fun. The problem faced by the 5th grade teacher of UPT SD Negeri 192 Gresik is the difficulty of students in understanding the material of geometry, especially the formula for calculating the area and volume of various geometry. The limited learning media used, especially in the material of geometry, causes students to feel bored and have difficulty understanding the material. This research aims to design and produce an educational game. which can be used as a student learning tool related to geometry. In this research, using Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) as the method used. The pretest and posttest results for the Solid Shapes Explorer game tested showed that the average pretest score of 20 students was 63.5, while for the posttest, the average student score reached 82. From the calculation results, it can be seen that the average posttest score shows an increase compared to the pretest score, with a difference of about 18.5 It can be stated that the use of learning through the Solid Shapes Explorer game has succeeded in improving students' understanding of geometry material.
Noise-Aware Training of Neuromorphic Dynamic Device Networks
Authors: Vidamour Ian , Manneschi Luca , Stenning Kilian , Swindells Charles , Venkat Guru , Hariga Dana , Griffin David , Stepney Susan , Branford Will , Gartside Jack , Hayward Thomas , Ellis Matthew , Vasilaki Eleni
Published: December 2024

Physical computing has the potential to enable widespread embodied intelligence by leveraging the intrinsic dynamics of complex systems for efficient sensing, processing, and interaction. While individual devices provide basic data processing capabilities, networks of interconnected devices can perform more complex and varied tasks. However, designing networks to perform dynamic tasks is challenging without physical models and accurate quantification of device noise. We propose a novel, noise-aware methodology for training device networks using Neural Stochastic Differential equations
(Neural-SDEs) as differentiable digital twins, accurately capturing the dynamics and associated stochasticity of devices with intrinsic memory. Our approach employs backpropagation through time and cascade learning, allowing networks to effectively exploit the temporal properties of physical devices. We validate our method on diverse networks of spintronic devices across temporal classification and regression benchmarks. By decoupling the training of individual device models from network training, our method reduces the required training data and provides a robust framework for programming dynamical devices without relying on analytical descriptions of their dynamics.
Training the Next Generation of Robotic Colorectal Surgeons in East London. A Systematic Review of Existing Robotic Colorectal Surgery Programs Worldwide
Authors: Butnari Valentin , Singh Harpreet Kaur Sekhon Inderjit , Hamid Eshtar , Hosny Shady Gaafar , Kaul Sandeep , Huang Joseph , Boulton Richard , Rajendran Nirooshun
Published: December 2024

Background: Robotic-assisted colorectal surgery (RACS) is gaining widespread adoption, with a growing number of procedures performed globally. These have been performed mostly by consultants, many of whom have gained sufficient proficiency to begin to educate their trainees. RACS offers a range of benefits to the surgeon and patient, yet safe and effective utilisation hinges on well-structured training programs for colorectal trainees within their general surgery residency. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the structure currently employed worldwide in RACS training programs for colorectal surgery trainees. In addition it delineates the conceptualization and implementation of a locally developed RACS program tailored to senior colorectal trainees and fellows at our Trust.
Methods: A comprehensive search of Ovid Medline and Embase databases (January 2010- March 2024) following PRISMA guidelines identified six studies reporting on RACS training curricula. Critical analysis of programme structure and curricula tools utilised was performed. Articles involving training of consultants were excluded. The quality and bias score of each study were assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Score for observational studies.
Results: 6 out of 77 studies were selected as suitable for analysis describing RACS training using Da Vinci platform. All apart from one programme described a phased or parallel robotic curriculum with four studies incorporating theoretical knowledge and laboratory or cadaveric training. Six programmes incorporated simulation, bedside assisting and console training. The use of validated objective or subjective metrics at each phase varied. Formal feedback is provided in only two of the programmes. Reflecting on above results we present our Trust training program which run over the last two years.Our program ensures clear learning goals for trainees and trainers, maintains patient safety, and is easily replicated across other UK RACS units.
Conclusion: The establishment of a standardised curriculum for colorectal surgery training worldwide, including in the UK, is vital. Currently, there is a scarcity of validated, objective assessment methods, which must be adequately standardised to create consistent progression criteria and competency-based metrics. Standardising these methods will enable reliable and robust assessment of trainee progression and competence to create a generation of robotically competent colorectal surgeons within their standard training program timeframe.
Registered in PROSPERO database: No.-CRD42024530340
Management of myopic shift and central corneal steepening resulting from superficial corneal opacity in a patient with previous radial keratotomy: A case report
Authors: Tsai Ping-Feng , Lin Ting-Yi , Chang Yu-Min , Tai Ming-Cheng , Weng Tzu-Heng
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to report a patient who developed myopic shift and anterior corneal steepening many years following radial keratotomy (RK). The etiology of this myopic shift resulted from central corneal opacity and was successfully managed with supra-stromal keratectomy.
Case presentation
A 59-year-old woman with a history of radial keratotomy and cataract surgery presented with blurred vision and ocular irritation in both eyes for years. Poor visual acuity and myopic change to -7.0 D were noted upon initial evaluation. Further ophthalmic examination revealed central corneal opacity occupying the optical axis with steepening of the anterior corneal surface. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) revealed superficial corneal opacity with minimal stromal scarring. The opacity was successfully removed via supra-stromal keratectomy. After surgery, the patient’s visual acuity improved, and refraction returned to nearly plano. Postoperative corneal topography revealed flattening of the central cornea in both eyes.
Conclusion
Late-onset central corneal steepening with myopic shift following RK may be a sign of corneal ectasia disorders such as keratoconus. It is important to recognize corneal opacity as a distinct etiology of central corneal steepening, which may mimic corneal ectasia. A comprehensive evaluation of patients with corneal topography and ASOCT may reveal the etiology of central corneal steepening and further guide treatment decisions.
A rare duo: bacterial parotitis and CMV in a neonate – Case report and diagnostic challenges
Authors: Perre Enrico , Conte Mariasole , Mengozzi Elena , Ciccia Matilde Maria
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION
Infections involving salivary glands in newborns, especially when affecting the parotid gland, are uncommon but can arise from secretory stasis and bacterial superinfection, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus species. The main risk factors include dehydration, prematurity and immunodeficiency. Clinical manifestations commonly involve swelling, tenderness and purulent discharge. Management generally consists of intravenous antibiotics with surgical intervention reserved for complications. Ultrasound plays a critical role in diagnosis and management of the disease, especially when there is no purulent material from Stensen's duct available for analysis. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are crucial for preventing severe outcomes in these cases.
CASE REPORT
We report a case of a 7-day-old full-term, breastfed girl admitted with right preauricular swelling and poor feeding. Born without complications, her symptoms also included irritability and purulent discharge from the right Stensen’s duct. Lab tests showed elevated white blood cells and neutrophilia, and ultrasound confirmed an enlarged right parotid gland with an abscess.
Empirical antibiotics, clindamycin and cefotaxime, were initiated. Cultures identified Staphylococcus aureus in both the Stensen’s duct discharge and the mother’s milk. Antibiotics were adjusted to clindamycin and later cefaclor.
Further investigations for congenital infections through brain ultrasound revealed cysts and vascular abnormalities, and CMV was diagnosed from urine and salivary samples, despite maternal immunity. The patient responded well to antibiotics, showing reduced swelling and normal feeding. She was discharged after 10 days, fully recovered, with follow-up for CMV ongoing.
CONCLUSION
In neonates with acute parotitis, especially with neurological signs, CMV should be considered due to its multiorgan involvement and link to immunodeficiency. Adequate imaging and laboratory studies are crucial for early diagnosis, guiding treatment and preventing long-term complications.
Interstitial lung disease with and without pulmonary symptoms at the onset of inflammatory rheumatic disease - similarities and differences
Authors: Hoffmann Tobias , Teichgräber Ulf , Brüheim Luis Benedict , Lassen-Schmidt Bianca , Renz Diane , Weise Tobias , Krämer Martin , Oelzner Peter , Böttcher Joachim , Güttler Felix , Wolf Gunter , Pfeil Alexander
Published: December 2024

Objective:
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common and serious organ manifestation in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD), but it is uncertain whether there is a difference in ILD between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate differences in the extent of ILD based on radiological findings between symptomatic/asymptomatic patients, using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based quantification of pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography (AIpqHRCT).
Methods:
Within the study, 67 cross-sectional HRCT datasets and clinical data (including pulmonary function test) of consecutively patients with both, initial diagnosis of IRD and ILD (all without immunosuppressive therapy), were analysed using AIqpHRCT.
Results:
25.4% of the patients with ILD at initial diagnosis of IRD had no pulmonary symptoms. The pulmonary function test (PFT) revealed the following mean values (%predicted) in the symptomatic and asymptomatic group, respectively: Forced vital capacity (FVC) 69.4 ± 17.4% versus 86.1 ± 15.8% (p = 0.001), and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) 49.7 ± 17.9% versus 60.0 ± 15.8% (p = 0.043). AIqpHRCT data showed a significant higher amount of high attenuated volume (HAV) (14.8 ± 11.0% versus 8.9 ± 3.9%; p = 0.021) and reticulations (5.4 ± 8.7% versus 1.4 ± 1.5%; p = 0.035) in symptomatic patients.
Conclusion:
A quarter of patients with ILD at the time of initial IRD diagnosis had no pulmonary symptoms, showing DLCO were reduced in both groups. Also, AIqpHRCT clinically relevant ILD in asymptomatic patients. These results emphasize a routine ILD screening should also be carried out in asymptomatic IRD patients, as ILD is associated with increased mortality.
Development of a Comprehensive Urban Resilience Assessment Framework: The Intersection of Smart Buildings and Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Yu Jianyu , Zhang Ning
Published: December 2024

This study provides a systematic analysis into the application role of smart building technologies in enhancing in earthquake resilience prone within cities. The seismic resilience is one of the vital issues which are improving with due to global climate changes, in terms of new plate tectonic parts inducing more disasters like earthquakes and destroying some built-up structures the increasing frequency of natural disasters such as earthquakes. Consequently, urban planning and disaster management mitigation actions play a key role in reducing regression effects. By taking Using Chengdu as an example case study, this study tries aims to establish an over all construct a comprehensive evaluation framework for smart building technologies in earthquake situations to evaluate the performance of smart building technologies during earthquakes and investigate the influence explore the impact of different technology portfolios combinations on urban resilience. This study adopts a quantitative approach, combining historical earthquake data and sophisticated advanced simulation models to simulate smart building dynamic responses in earthquakes as well as post-earthquake recovery the dynamic response and post-disaster recovery process of smart buildings during earthquakes. Through a multi-objective optimization model, the research further investigates the optimal technology combinations and configuration schemes under various budget constraints. The results show that smart building technologies, particularly the integration of monitoring and emergency response systems, significantly enhance urban resilience during earthquakes. Moreover, the study found that through rational cost allocation, it is possible to maximize building resilience performance while minimizing investment. The research concludes that smart building technologies play a crucial role in improving urban seismic resilience, and the proposed assessment framework and optimization model provide scientific decision support for future urban planning and building design.
Effects of pemafibrate (a selective proliferator-activated receptor agonist) versus weight loss through an intensive lifestyle modification on liver enzymes, serum soluble dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and hepatic fibrosis evaluated by FibroScan transient elastography in people with type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Kato Kanako , Jojimap Teruo , Tanuma Dai , Duda kanako , Sakurai Shintaro , Iijima Toshie , Tomaru Takuya , Usui Isao , Aso Yoshimasa
Published: December 2024

Objective: To investigate the effects of pemafibrate (a selective proliferator-activated receptor aagonist) vs. weight loss through intensive lifestyle modification on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis evaluated by FibroScan and on serum levels of soluble dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (sDDP-4)/CD26, a hepatokine, in people with type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).
Materials and Methods: In a randomized, active-controlled, open-label trial, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes and MASLD were randomized to receive 24 weeks’ treatment with pemafibrate (0.2 mg/day; n =25) or an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI group; n =27). FibroScan transient elastography was used to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), respectively. Serum levels of sDPP-4/CD26 were measured with a commercial ELISA kit.
Results: Body weight decreased significantly in the ILI group but not in the pemafibrate group. At week 24, CAP showed a significant decrease in the ILI group but no significant change in the pemafibrate group. LSM was unchanged in both groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and sDPP-4/CD26 levels decreased significantly in both groups. Changes in ALT during treatment with pemafibrate were positively correlated with changes in serum sDPP-4 and the FAST score.
Conclusion: In people with type 2 diabetes and MASLD, pemafibrate is as effective as an intensive lifestyle intervention (moderate weight loss) for decreasing liver enzymes or serum sDPP-4/CD26.
Alpha-synuclein is increased in erythrocytes in Parkinson’s Disease cases
Authors: Coyle Ryan N. , Roberts Anne M. , Horne Malcolm , Fowler Christopher , Masters Colin L. , Roberts Blaine R.
Published: December 2024

Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (iPD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Mutations in the SCNA gene, which encodes the protein alpha synuclein (α-syn), are associated with familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Additionally, Lewy bodies (LBs) rich in α-synuclein are a hallmark of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) pathology. Unlike AD, there are no effective blood-based diagnostic assays for iPD. Recent studies show that measures of misfolded α-syn in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and skin biopsies reflect the diagnosis of iPD. The presence of misfolded α-syn suggests that the altered cellular processes in the brain that lead to aggregated α-syn may also occur in the periphery. However, CSF and skin biopsies are intrusive, highlighting the need for a blood-based diagnostic assay. Erythrocytes are the richest source of α-syn in the body, and we hypothesized that peripheral α-syn changes could be detected in erythrocytes in iPD. To test this hypothesis, we used a targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) assay, that included 15N-enriched recombinant α-syn as an internal standard. We compared the levels of α-syn in erythrocytes from iPD patients, AD patients, and healthy controls (CN). α-syn concentrations were significantly elevated in iPD (48.1 (29.7) µg*mL-1 of erythrocytes, median (IQR)) compared to CN (36.1 (28.4) µg*mL-1) and no difference was observed in AD (33.5 (18.1) µg*mL-1). Although α-syn levels were significantly elevated in iPD, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.62, indicating that erythrocytic α-syn levels alone are not sufficient for diagnostic purposes.
Impact of lifestyle modification practices and pharmacogenetics of ACE I/D gene polymorphism in grade 1 hypertensive patient
Authors: Rahman Farhana , Elumalai Suguna , Arumugam Shanmugapriya , Bhandari Ashni , Prasanth Krishna , Muthiah Nagasundaram , Kumaramanickavel Govindasamy
Published: December 2024

Background
Hypertension is a chronic disease, prevalence of which is gradually increasing in the society. It causes disease burden for a country especially in low and middle-income countries. The present study aimed at analysing the impact of lifestyle modification practices and role of pharmacogenetics of anti-hypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients susceptible to ACE I/D polymorphisms.
Methods
A hospital-based cross- sectional study was done on 447 hypertensive patients with age > 20 years, both gender, grade 1 hypertensive patient with and without co-morbid diseases taking anti-hypertensive drug for more than one year were included in the behavioural modification practise study. By convenience sampling method, 100 hypertensive patient taking amlodipine (5 mg/day) or telmisartan (20 mg/day) for more than one year were recruited for the pharmacogenetic study along with 100 healthy volunteers.
Results
Patients who practiced various lifestyle modification were seen to have good control (p < 0.05) of hypertension. ACE I/D gene polymorphism was significantly (p = 0.04) associated with hypertension when compared to control subjects. The distribution of the study subjects showed deviation from Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (p = 0.001). Amlodipine (5 mg/day) in ACE II and telmisartan (20 mg/day) in ACE DD genotype showed better control of blood pressure.
Conclusion
The present study gave a silhouette that modification in lifestyle and individualized drug therapy plays a vital role in controlling blood pressure in grade 1 hypertensive patients.
Prognostic impact of cachexia in patients undergoing radical resection for colorectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Tanda Hideki , Shibutani Masatsune , Seki Yuki , Nishiyama Tsuyoshi , Kasashima Hiroaki , Fukuoka Tatsunari , Maeda Kiyoshi
Published: December 2024

Background: Host and tumor factors influence tumor progression. Cachexia has attracted considerable attention as a potential host disease, and is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle loss; however, it is difficult to objectively assess. The cachexia index (CXI) has been reported as a novel marker for assessing cachexia. This study investigated the relationship between cachexia and long-term prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery using the CXI.
Methods: We included 299 patients who underwent radical surgery for colorectal cancer at Osaka City University Hospital between January 2017 and December 2019. CXI was originally calculated using the skeletal muscle index, serum albumin level, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. This study also evaluated the P-CXI, which has a component of the psoas muscle index instead of the skeletal muscle index, and was calculated as follows: psoas muscle index (cm2/m2) × serum albumin level (g/dL) / neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The prognostic value of P-CXI was investigated using univariate and multivariate Cox hazard regression models after adjusting for potential confounders.
Results: The low P-CXI group included 185 patients with significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than the high P-CXI group (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively). The multivariate analysis showed a significant reduction in RFS and OS, wherein the following were independent poor prognostic factors: age >70 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.051, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.104–3.807, p=0.022 and HR: 2.649, 95% CI: 1.172–5.990, p=0.019, respectively), T4 tumors (HR: 4.153, 95% CI: 1.869–9.233, p<0.001 and HR: 8.797, 95% CI: 3.185–24.29, p<0.001, respectively), preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 >37 U/ml (HR: 2.827, 95% CI: 1.224–6.532, p=0.014 and HR: 5.578, 95% CI: 2.043–15.23, p<0.001, respectively), and low P-CXI (HR: 2.629, 95% CI: 1.312–5.266, p=0.006 and HR: 2.716, 95% CI: 1.064–6.933, p=0.036, respectively).
Conclusion: Cachexia was shown to have a prognostic impact in patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical resection, where P-CXI may be a useful prognostic marker.
Roots&Routes - Music meets Media
Authors: Düx Sascha
Published: December 2024

Der nachfolgende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Rolle der Musik in der Medienpädagogik. Der Artikel bezieht sich auf das 2001 enstandene Konzept für Medienprojekte aus dem Roots&Routes hervortrat. Mithilfe dieses Projektes können Jugendliche eine Woche lang mit Prominenten Lieder schreiben, Tänze einstudieren und Videos aufnehmen. (DIPF/J.E.).
ClipKlapp & Knipsclub
Authors: Merz Redaktion
Published: December 2024

Das Schulprojekt dokumentiert, mit den Freundinnen und Freunden lustige Bilder geschossen, ein eigenes Musikvideo gebastelt – aber wohin damit? Kinder haben schon in jungen Jahren viel Spaß an Fotos und Videos, sie zu machen, sie zu sehen, aber auch sie herzuzeigen. Damit sie ihre privaten Bilder und F ilme aber nicht auf YouTube und Co. aller Öffentlichkeit preisgeben müssen, gibt es für Acht- bis Zwölfjährige zwei neue, eigene Portale: ClipKlapp. de wurde vom Deutschen Kinderhilfswerk e. V. ins Leben gerufen und bietet den jungen Internetnutzerinnen und -nutzern ein kostenloses, werbefreies und vor allem pädagogisch begleitetes Portal, um Videos zu erstellen, hochzuladen, anzuschauen, zu kommentieren et cetera und der Knipsclub, initiiert und betreut vom JFF – Institut für Medienpädagogik in Forschung und Praxis, bietet Kindern einen altersangemessenen und sicheren Raum, um Fotos zu zeigen und zu tauschen. Kinder, aber auch Gruppen oder Klassen können sich hier anmelden, eigene Prof ile erstellen und dann Bilder bzw. F ilme austauschen, einstellen oder online neue Projekte basteln. Pädagogisch geschulte Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter geben dabei Tipps und Ratschläge, helfen bei der verantwortungsvollen Erstellung der Prof ile und prüfen alle Bilder bzw. Videos und Kommentare, damit keine gefährlichen, gemeinen oder aus anderen Gründen nicht für Kinder geeigneten Inhalte auftauchen. Außerdem bieten beide Portale viele Hilfen und Tipps, um kompetent mit Kamera und PC umzugehen, beim Knipsclub gibt es monatliche Foto-Aktionen, bei ClipKlapp eine ausführliche Linkliste rund um „Video und F ilm“. So können Kinder ihren Spaß am Fotografieren und F ilmen schon früh in einer kindgerechten Umgebung und gut geschützt entdecken. www.Knipsclub.de www.ClipKlapp.de
LEONAU.TV – Erfahrungen mit einem Web-TV von Jugendlichen für st.LEOnhard & schweiNAU
Authors: Rau Katharina
Published: December 2024

Katharina Rau ist Sozial- und Medienpädagogin sowie Projektkoordinatorin für LEONAU.TV im Multimediabereich im Medienzentrum PARABOL, Nürnberg und spricht über LEONAU.TV – das Kommunikations- und Videoportal von Jugendlichen für die Nürnberger Stadtteile St.Leonhard-Schweinau.
Albers-Heinemann, Tobias/Friedrich, Björn (2018). Das Elternbuch zu WhatsApp, YouTube, Instagram & Co. Heidelberg: O´Reilly. 317 S., 19,90€
Authors: Moritz Lara
Published: December 2024

Albers-Heinemann, Tobias/Friedrich, Björn (2018). Das Elternbuch zu WhatsApp, YouTube, Instagram & Co. Heidelberg: O´Reilly. 317 S., 19,90€.
Kinder und Jugendliche wach­sen heute in einer Zeit auf, in der Soziale Netzwerke wie WhatsApp und Instagram ein selbstverständlicher Teil ihres digitalen Alltags sind. Eltern, die selbst noch zu den ‚Digital Immigrants‘ gehören, erwartet hierdurch ein immer größe­res Aufgabenspektrum in der Erziehung ihrer Kinder. Das Elternbuch zu WhatsApp, You­Tube, Instagram & Co. setzt an dieser Stelle an und bietet einen Überblick über Praxen und Herangehensweisen in der familiären Medienerziehung.
Zunächst wird der Medienall­tag von Kindern und Jugendlichen beschrieben und auf die möglichen Sorgen der Eltern eingegangen. Infolge werden einzelne beliebte Soziale Netz­werke wie WhatsApp und You­Tube genauer beleuchtet und die dortigen (Privatsphäre-) Einstellungen sowie Funktio­nen beschrieben. Besonders ins Auge fällt der Aufgriff digitaler Spiele und einer Genre­kunde im Kapitel zum Thema Gaming und Let’s Play. Neben Handlungsmöglichkeiten der Medienerziehung wird auch über den Umgang mit Gefah­ren, wie Cybermobbing und Werbung, informiert. Infokäs­ten mit Alternativen, Empfeh­lungen, Ergänzungen und Zu­sammenfassungen unterstützen insgesamt eine kompakte Infor­mationsübermittlung, welche gerahmt wird durch eine vertie­fende Auseinandersetzung an­hand einer Linksammlung mit empfehlenswerten wertvollen pädagogischen Angeboten.
Das Elternbuch zu WhatsApp, YouTube, Instagram & Co. nä­hert sich Eltern auf Augenhöhe und ermutigt diese, sich mit der oft als komplex empfun­denen Medienwelt auseinan­derzusetzen. Der lexikonartige Aufbau kommt ohne viel Ein­lesezeit aus und findet kna­ckige Antworten auf konkrete Fragen innerhalb der familiären Medienerziehung. Die neue Auflage beachtet dabei auch aktuelle Entwicklungen der Zielgruppe und widmet sich Facebook nur noch auf einer Doppelseite. Zudem wurden Musik- und Video-Streaming­dienste aufgenommen. Das Elternbuch vermittelt aktuelles Wissen und überzeugt durch eine Auswahl an fundierten Quellen und Verweisen, ohne jedoch den Lesenden mit den dargestellten Informationen zu überfordern. Als einschlägiges Nachschlagewerk mit leicht zu­gänglichem Überblickswissen eignet es sich für eine erste An­näherung an Plattformen, Apps und Tools der Medienwelt von Kindern und Jugendlichen und bietet so für Eltern, aber auch pädagogische Fachkräften erste Zugänge. lm
Class, C. B., Coy, W., Kurz, C., Obert, O., Rehak, R., Trinitis, C., Ullrich, S. & Weber-Wulff, D. (Hg.) (2023). Gewissensbisse. Fallbeispiele zu ethischen Problemen der Informatik. Transcript. Edition Medienwissenschaften. 240 S. 29,00€
Authors: Halo Katharina
Published: December 2024

Was definiert ‚richtig‘ und ‚falsch‘? Mit dieser Frage setzen wir Menschen uns täglich – nicht immer bewusst – auseinander, denn die Antwort beeinflusst oft unser Handeln und formt unser Verständnis vieler Ereignisse. Es gestaltet sich jedoch schwierig, eine klare und eindeutige Antwort darauf zu finden, da Meinungen in der Regel subjektiv sind und oft keine klare Abgrenzung zwischen dem ‚Richtigen‘ und ‚Falschen‘ existiert. Die zunehmenden Fortschritte im Bereich der KI geben ethischen Fragen eine immer relevantere Rolle. Es sind nicht nur Fragen nach der moralisch korrekten Nutzung von Informationstechnologien, sondern ebenso Aspekte des Entwerfens, Herstellens und Betreibens.
In Gewissensbisse werden solche ethischen Dilemmata der Informatik anhand von realitätsnahen Fallbeispielen anschaulich dargestellt und abschließend in Form moralisch relevanter Fragestellungen offengehalten. Diese praktische Herangehensweise soll sowohl allein als auch zum gemeinsamen Nachdenken und Diskutieren über moralische Normen und den kritischen Umgang mit IT-Systemen anregen. Die Autor*innen stellen mögliche Szenarien und Konzepte vor, sei es in der schulischen Lehre oder bei betrieblichen Workshops. Durch die Verwendung von ‚Keywords‘ erhalten Lesende Einsicht in technische und ethische Problematiken, welche in den Fallbeispielen behandelt werden. Fallbeispiele mit offenen Fragen, die zur moralischen Reflexion animieren, beleuchten mögliche Herausforderungen, deren Bedeutung für die Zukunft nicht unterschätzt werden sollte.
 
Class, C. B., Coy, W., Kurz, C., Obert, O., Rehak, R., Trinitis, C., Ullrich, S. & Weber-Wulff, D. (Hg.) (2023). Gewissensbisse. Fallbeispiele zu ethischen Problemen der Informatik. Transcript. Edition Medienwissenschaften. 240 S. 29,00€