bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Esophageal cancer: A global challenge requiring tailored strategies
Authors: Cheng Chun-Yao , Hao Wen-Rui , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: July 2024

In this editorial we comment on the article published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology . Characterized by high mortality rates and geographical variations in its incidence, esophageal cancer poses a major global health challenge. This editorial article synthesizes insights from the review of esophageal cancer conducted by Qu et al , which highlights the importance of tailored screening and treatment strategies. Key themes include the effect of regional disparities on screening protocols, advancements in early detection methodologies, and therapeutic management disparities between different regions. By embracing personalized approaches grounded in regional nuances and technological innovation, the article advocates for comprehensive and collaborative efforts to improve patient outcomes in esophageal cancer care.
Maximizing therapeutic outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights into combinatorial strategies
Authors: Ilhan Yusuf , Ergun Yakup
Published: July 2024

In this editorial, we review the article by Ma and colleagues, published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology . Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality. Although transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been used effectively for several years, particularly in patients with intermediate-stage HCC, the quest for the optimal combination therapy to enhance its efficacy and HCC treatment strategies persists. Combining TACE with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like sorafenib or lenvatinib has shown confusing results in improving both progression-free survival and overall survival. Similarly, combining TACE with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has demonstrated potential efficacy by reshaping the tumor microenvironment and activating immune responses. Recent studies suggest combining TACE with TKIs and ICIs may offer synergistic effects. Additionally, combining TKIs and ICIs with other local treatments like microwave ablation or hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy has shown promise in enhancing efficacy. However, more extensive prospective studies are needed to validate these findings. Overall, these combinations represent a promising direction in HCC management, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize treatment outcomes.
Role of molecular biology in the management of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Boileve Alice , Smolenschi Cristina , Lambert Aurélien , Boige Valérie , Tarabay Anthony , Valery Marine , Fuerea Alina , Pudlarz Thomas , Conroy Thierry , Hollebecque Antoine , Ducreux Michel
Published: July 2024

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents significant challenges in patient management due to a dismal prognosis, increasing incidence, and limited treatment options. In this regard, precision medicine, which personalizes treatments based on tumour molecular characteristics, has gained great interest. However, its widespread implementation is not fully endorsed in current recommendations. This review explores key molecular alterations in PDAC, while emphasizing differences between KRAS -mutated and KRAS -wild-type tumours. It assesses the practical application of precision medicine in clinical settings and outlines potential future directions with respect to PDAC. Actionable molecular targets are examined with the aim of enhancing our understanding of PDAC molecular biology. Insights from this analysis may contribute to a more refined and personalized approach to pancreatic cancer treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer among patients with disabilities
Authors: Kim Ki Bae , Shin Dong Wook , Yeob Kyoung Eun , Kim So Young , Han Joung-Ho , Park Seon Mee , Park Jong Heon , Park Jong Hyock
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Little is known about disparities in diagnosis and treatment among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with and without disabilities.

AIM

To investigate the patterns of diagnosis, treatment, and survival for people with and without disabilities who had CRC.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective analysis using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, disability registration data, and Korean Central Cancer Registry data. The analysis included 21449 patients with disabilities who were diagnosed with CRC and 86492 control patients diagnosed with CRC.

RESULTS

The overall distribution of CRC stage was not affected by disability status. Subjects with disabilities were less likely than those without disabilities to undergo surgery [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.85; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.82-0.88], chemotherapy (aOR: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.81-0.87), or radiotherapy (aOR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.84-0.95). The rate of no treatment was higher in patients with disabilities than in those without disabilities (aOR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.41-1.55). The overall mortality rate was higher in patients with disabilities [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.24; 95%CI: 1.22-1.28], particularly severe disabilities (aHR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.51-1.63), than in those without disabilities.

CONCLUSION

Patients with severe disabilities tended to have a late or unknown diagnosis. Patients with CRC and disabilities had lower rates of treatment with almost all modalities compared with those without disabilities. During the follow-up period, the mortality rate was higher in patients with disabilities than in those without disabilities. The diagnosis and treatment of CRC need improvement in patients with disabilities.
Effectiveness and safety of sequential transarterial chemoembolization and microwave ablation for subphrenic hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Zhu Zi-Yi , Qian Zhen , Qin Zhong-Qiang , Xie Bo , Wei Jian-Zhu , Yang Pei-Pei , Yuan Mu
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Subphrenic carcinoma has been identified as a significant risk factor for the thermal ablation of intrahepatic tumors, resulting in a high rate of residual tumor recurrence. Some studies have proposed that combination treatment with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by radiofrequency ablation is both feasible and safe for tumors in the subphrenic region. However, research specifically examining the therapeutic outcomes of combination therapy using TACE and microwave ablation (TACE-MWA) in subphrenic tumors is lacking.

AIM

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE-MWA in patients with subphrenic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODS

Between December 2017 and December 2021, 49 patients diagnosed with HCC ≤ 6 cm, who received TACE-MWA, were included in this retrospective cohort study. These patients were classified into subphrenic and non-subphrenic groups based on the distance between the diaphragm and the tumor margin. The rates of local tumor progression (LTP), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Complications were evaluated by using a grading system developed by the Society of Interventional Radiology.

RESULTS

After a median follow-up time of 38 mo, there were no significant differences in LTP between the subphrenic and non-subphrenic groups (27.3% and 22.2% at 5 years, respectively; P = 0.66), PFS (55.5% at 5 years in both groups; P = 0.91), and OS (85.0% and 90.9% in the subphrenic and non-subphrenic groups at 5 years; P = 0.57). However, a significantly higher rate of LTP was observed in subphrenic HCC > 3 cm compared to those ≤ 3 cm (P = 0.085). The dosage of iodized oil [hazard ratio (HR): 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-2.08; P = 0.009] and multiple tumors (HR: 13.22; 95%CI: 1.62-107.51; P = 0.016) were independent prognostic factors for LTP. There were no significant differences in complication rates between the two groups (P = 0.549).

CONCLUSION

Combined TACE and MWA was practical and safe for managing subphrenic HCC. The efficacy and safety levels did not vary significantly when tumors outside the subphrenic region were treated.
Combined use of dexmedetomidine and nalbuphine in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Guo-Guang , Lou Chao , Gao Rong-Lei , Lei Fu-Xing , Zhao Jing
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Radical laparoscopic gastrectomy is an important treatment modality for gastric cancer. Surgery requires general anesthesia, and patients are susceptible to the effects of anesthetic drugs and carbon dioxide insufflation during the procedure, leading to inflammation or severe pain, which can affect patient outcome.

AIM

To explore the efficacy of combining dexmedetomidine (DEX) with nalbuphine in patients underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

METHODS

Patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were selected and randomly assigned to A or B group. In A group, patients received an intravenous injection of nalbuphine 0.2 mg/kg + DEX 0.4 μg/kg 10 min before the end of surgery; in B group, patients received only an intravenous injection of nalbuphine. The trends in hemodynamic parameter fluctuations, awakening quality during the recovery period, serum inflammatory markers, agitation scores, cough severity, incidence, and duration of postoperative delirium (POD) were compared.

RESULTS

The mean arterial pressure and heart rate in the A group were more stable (P < 0.05). The A group had a lower average awakening time, extubation time, and agitation scores during recovery than the B group. Agitation control in the A group was more effective at different time points (P < 0.05). Patients in the A group had lower serum interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and IL-10 levels at 1 h after surgery than the B group. The incidence of coughing and duration of POD were lower and shorter in the A group than in the B group. Adverse reactions caused by the two anesthesia methods were less frequent in the A group than in the B group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The use of DEX and nalbuphine in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer help reducing the inflammatory response, cough severity, and agitation and helps maintain hemodynamic stability.
Multi-Omics analysis elucidates tumor microenvironment and intratumor microbes of angiogenesis subtypes in colon cancer
Authors: Yang Yi , Qiu Yu-Ting , Li Wen-Kun , Cui Zi-Lu , Teng Shuo , Wang Ya-Dan , Wu Jing
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Angiogenesis plays an important role in colon cancer (CC) progression.

AIM

To investigate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and intratumor microbes of angiogenesis subtypes (AGSs) and explore potential targets for antiangiogenic therapy in CC.

METHODS

The data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus database. K-means clustering was used to construct the AGSs. The prognostic model was constructed based on the differential genes between two subtypes. Single-cell analysis was used to analyze the expression level of SLC2A3 on different cells in CC, which was validated by immunofluorescence. Its biological functions were further explored in HUVECs.

RESULTS

CC samples were grouped into two AGSs (AGS-A and AGS-B) groups and patients in the AGS-B group had poor prognosis. Further analysis revealed that the AGS-B group had high infiltration of TME immune cells, but also exhibited high immune escape. The intratumor microbes were also different between the two subtypes. A convenient 6-gene angiogenesis-related signature (ARS), was established to identify AGSs and predict the prognosis in CC patients. SLC2A3 was selected as the representative gene of ARS, which was higher expressed in endothelial cells and promoted the migration of HUVECs.

CONCLUSION

Our study identified two AGSs with distinct prognoses, TME, and intratumor microbial compositions, which could provide potential explanations for the impact on the prognosis of CC. The reliable ARS model was further constructed, which could guide the personalized treatment. The SLC2A3 might be a potential target for antiangiogenic therapy.
N6-methyladenosine modification of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α regulates Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer via the PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: An Tong-Yan , Hu Quan-Man , Ni Peng , Hua Yan-Qiao , Wang Di , Duan Guang-Cai , Chen Shuai-Yin , Jia Bin
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) colonizes the human gastric mucosa and is implicated in the development of gastric cancer (GC). The tumor microenvironment is characterized by hypoxia, where hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a key role as a transcription factor, but the mechanisms underlying H. pylori -induced HIF-1α expression and carcinogenesis remain unclear.

AIM

To explore the underlying mechanism of H. pylori -induced HIF-1α expression in promoting the malignant biological behavior of gastric epithelial cells (GES-1).

METHODS

The study was conducted with human GES-1 cells in vitro . Relative protein levels of methyltransferase-like protein 14 (METTL14), HIF-1α, main proteins of the PI3K/AKT pathway, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, and invasion indicators were detected by Western blot. Relative mRNA levels of METTL14 and HIF-1α were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. mRNA stability was evaluated using actinomycin D, and the interaction between METTL14 and HIF-1α was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay and wound healing assay, respectively.

RESULTS

H. pylori promoted HIF-1α expression and activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. Notably, METTL14 was downregulated in H. pylori -infected gastric mucosal epithelial cells and positively regulated HIF-1α expression. Functional experiments showed that the overexpression of HIF-1α or knockdown of METTL14 enhanced the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby driving a series of malignant transformation, such as EMT and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. By contrast, the knockdown of HIF-1α or overexpression of METTL14 had an opposite effect.

CONCLUSION

H. pylori- induced underexpression of METTL14 promotes the translation of HIF-1α and accelerates tumor progression by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. These results provide novel insights into the carcinogenesis of GC.
Clinical benefits of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Han Feng , Wang Xiao-Han , Xu Chen-Zhou
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Combination therapy has emerged as the focus of research for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In recent years, several studies have explored the clinical efficacy and safety of the combination therapies of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

AIM

To conduct an updated meta-analysis verifying the clinical benefits and adverse effects of the triple combination therapy for unresectable HCC.

METHODS

All eligible cohort, non-randomized controlled, and randomized controlled trial studies from the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and MedLine databases up to March 20, 2024 were screened for the present meta-analysis. The study endpoints included complete response (CR), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events (AEs). Stata 16/18 software was used for this meta-analysis, and a P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

A total of 29 studies with 1754 patients were included. Among the patients who received the TACE therapy with TKIs and ICIs, the tumor response results revealed a pooled CR, ORR, and DCR of 14% [95%CI (0.11–0.18)], 61% [95%CI (0.55–0.66)], and 85% [95%CI (0.83–0.87)], respectively. In terms of the survival outcomes, the pooled median PFS and OS were 10.25 months [95%CI (9.31–11.18)] and 20.47 months [95%CI (18.98–21.97)], respectively. The pooled prevalence of all-grade AEs during the triple treatment was 90% [95%CI (0.84–0.94)] and that of grade ≥ 3 AEs was 32% [95%CI (0.24–0.42)].

CONCLUSION

The combination therapy of TACE, TKIs, and ICIs exhibits great clinical benefits for unresectable HCC in terms of tumor responses and survival outcomes without increasing the risk of severe AEs.
Research trends and hotspots in the immune microenvironment related to hepatocellular carcinoma: A bibliometric and visualization study
Authors: Zhang Da-Ya , Bai Fei-Hu
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The immune microenvironment (IME) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) plays a pivotal role in determining patient outcomes and responses to treatment. This area is witnessing rapid growth in research interest. However, there is a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses that dissect trends and potential focal points in this field.

AIM

To explore the evolution of research on the IME in HCC from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023, using bibliometric methodologies.

METHODS

English articles and reviews concerning the IME of HCC were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection with a search date of December 31, 2023. The R package Bibliometrix was employed to compute basic bibliometric characteristics, illustrate collaborations among countries and authors, and create a three-field diagram illustrating the connections between authors, affiliations, and keywords. Analyses of country and institutional co-authorship, as well as keyword co-occurrence, were conducted using VOSviewer. Additionally, CiteSpace was utilized for the cite burst analysis of keywords and cited literature.

RESULTS

The study encompassed 3125 documents in the research areas related to HCC of IME, revealing a substantial and continuous increase in the annual publication trend over time. China and Fudan University emerged as leading contributors, with 2103 and 165 publications, respectively. Frontiers in immunology was the most prolific journal in this domain. Among the top ten researchers in the field, eight are based in China. Key research terms identified include tumour microenvironment, expression, immunotherapy, and prognosis.

CONCLUSION

The relationship between HCC and IME is receiving increasing attention, and related research is in a highly developed stage. Key focus areas, including IME and immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy are poised to be central to future research endeavors, offering promising pathways for further exploration.
Rare infiltrative primary hepatic angiosarcoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Lin Xiao-Jing , Luo Hong-Chang
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The most primary sites of angiosarcoma are the skin, breast gland, and soft tissues. Primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA) is a rare malignant tumor of mesothelial tissue originating from the liver. PHA often presents with multiple intrahepatic foci or metastasis at the time of presentation due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and highly aggressive nature. There are no established or effective treatment guidelines for PHA, so early detection and early treatment are of great value for patient survival. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of literature on the imaging features of PHA, making the diagnosis and treatment of this disease a considerable challenge.

CASE SUMMARY

In this case report, we present a 59-year-old man who initially presented with abdominal pain and radiating pain in the right shoulder. Magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed multiple intrahepatic nodules that needed to be differentiated from tumors of vascular epithelial origin and tumors with progressive enhancement features, and signs of tumor metastasis were assessed. The patient was then subjected to contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to further clarify the extent of tumor infiltration and the state of microcirculatory perfusion. The manifestations observed on CEUS were similar to the classical characteristic presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma, called "quick wash-in and quick wash-out". In addition, CEUS showed that the lesion exhibited gradual infiltration and growth along the liver pedicle structures with no invading blood vessels. Finally, based on pathological and immunohistochemical tests and the above imaging manifestations, it was confirmed that the patient had infiltrating PHA, which is a rare pathological type of PHA. The patient underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and chemotherapy. Four months after the onset of symptoms, the follow-up radiological examination revealed poor treatment efficacy and rapid deterioration.

CONCLUSION

This case report complements the imaging modalities of a rare infiltrative PHA, in which CEUS and quantitative analysis are found to offer substantial advantages in characterizing the microcirculatory perfusion of the lesion, providing clinicians with diagnostic information at the earliest opportunity to make a diagnosis and develop a treatment strategy to prolong the patient survival.
The Influence of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Ethiopian Private Banks
Authors: Balcha Alemyahu
Published: July 2024

In Ethiopia, information on service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty in the banking sector in general and in private banks in particular is scarce. The primary objectives of this study were to determine whether customers of private banks in Hawassa, Ethiopia, are satisfied and loyal to their services, and to determine whether customer satisfaction plays a mediating role between service quality and customer loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 238 customers of nine private banks (response rate of 195 = 81.93%). The questionnaire contained 18 items for the five dimensions (tangibility, reliability, responsiveness assurance and empathy) of the SERVPERF model, and five items each for customer satisfaction and loyalty. Service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty were significantly correlated with service quality dimensions. Customer satisfaction was a strong partial mediator between service quality and customer loyalty. Present study showed that greater attention on reliability, responsiveness, and assurance dimensions would increase customer satisfaction and loyalty toward private banks.
Unlocking Loyalty: The Crucial Role of the Host Country Technological Business Environment for Transnational Corporations
Authors: Mshindi Andrew Rwamuhuru
Published: July 2024

Foreign companies, including transnational corporations (TNCs), have demonstrated disloyalty toward their hosts in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by, among other things, scaling back strategic expansion plans, closing productions, moving operations and shifting income-generating activities to different countries. Therefore, this study explores the impact of the host country's technological business environment (TBE) on TNC loyalty towards the host country, Tanzania. Data was collected from 131 executives of TNCs in Tanzania using a crosssectional survey questionnaire. The measurement model was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. The hypotheses were empirically tested using hierarchical regression analysis. Findings reveal that a robust TBE significantly enhances TNC loyalty, with specific elements like local production processes, innovativeness, information system infrastructure, IT competency, IT support services, and technological equipment usage having a positive impact. However, TNC loyalty is not affected by R&D or systemic integration. These results not only deepen the theoretical understanding of TNC loyalty but also fill an existing gap by linking it to TBE. The study suggests that policymakers should focus on strengthening key components of the TBE to nurture and maintain TNC loyalty. In Tanzania, this involves ensuring high-quality, knowledge-intensive production systems, well-developed information system infrastructure, elevated computer literacy and competency levels, robust IT support services, advanced technological equipment usage, and a culture of innovativeness.
Should Financial Literacy in Ghana be in Levels?
Authors: Amoah Benjamin
Published: July 2024

According to survey reports, a significant number of individuals lack the financial literacy necessary to participate actively in the financial market. This study examines survey data from 532 individuals to explore the importance of financial literacy levels. We also investigate how socioeconomic factors and financial investments affect basic financial literacy. The findings indicate disparities in test scores between basic and advanced financial literacy, highlighting the need for a tiered financial literacy approach. Logistic regression analysis revealed that marital status, employment status, utilization of bank loans, education level, and number of financial investments influenced higher levels of basic financial literacy. Based on these results, this study recommends a deliberate and committed provision of tiered financial literacy targeted at the general population by financial institutions and service regulators in Ghana. Providers of financial literacy programs should assess the existing financial literacy levels of their target markets and audiences to allocate resources effectively and address crucial financial literacy requirements.
Competence-Based Training and the Employability of Graduates in Tanzania
Authors: Lameck Wilfred Uronu
Published: July 2024

This paper explores competency-based training (CBT) on the employability of VET graduates in Morogoro Municipality. Precisely, this article explores the existing relationship between competence-based training framework and its implementation in Morogoro Municipality. To this end, the study used a mixed research approach with a case study design. The target population of this study was the vocational training students in Morogoro Municipality, graduates from vocational training and employers in Morogoro Municipality. A sample size of 115 respondents was selected by using non proportionate stratified simple random sampling from a population of 1388which constitutes students and graduates and a total of 25 employers of graduates from vocational training in Morogoro Municipality and staff were selected qualitatively. Furthermore, interviews and questionnaires instruments were used for data collection. The data was then analysed by using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The findings show that, vocational training graduates in Morogoro Municipality have inadequate competence required in the labour market due to insufficient training facilities to deliver CBT. Based on the findings, it is concluded that, the government must ensure conducive learning environment which is a precondition for competencebased training and graduates’ employability in Morogoro Municipality.
Teachers’ Knowledge And Practice Of Accommodation For Pupils With Visual Impairment In Basic Schools In Owerri North Local Government, Imo, Nigeria
Authors: James Ebrikure Olayi , Uche Opara , J E Ewa , Felicia A Unimke
Published: July 2024

This study investigated teachers’ knowledge and practice of accommodation for pupils with visual impairment in basic schools in Owerri North Local Government. The study was carried out to examine the level of basic school teacher's knowledge accommodation strategies fmmor pupils with visual impairment and to ascertain the extent of practice accommodation strategies for pupils with visual impairment. Respondents were 80 basic school teachers selected through convenience sampling. Questionnaire on Accommodation Strategies for Pupils with Visual Impairment (QASPVI) developed and validated by the researcher was used to collect data for the study. Data collected were analyzed using frequency count, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results show low level of knowledge of accommodation strategies among the respondents as 61.1% of the   respondents were not aware of accommodation strategies for persons with visual impairment while 38.9%were aware. It was also found that the level of practice of accommodation strategies for pupils with visual impairment among the respondents was
very low as shown by the weighted average (X =1.38; SD= 0.484). The need for regular   in-service   workshop for basic school teachers   on accommodation strategies for pupils with visual impairment in Basic Schools in Owerri North Local Government Area and provision of necessary facility and equipment such as resource room, Braille machine,
large print, audiotape, etc. which will enable teachers accommodate pupils with visual impairment in classroom instruction were recommended.
Moral Value, Peer Influence And Tendencies To Cybercrime Involvement Among Undergraduates In Public Universities In Cross River State
Authors: Uchenna Egodi Ajake , Goodness Uka Kalu , Samson Chidubem Ugwu
Published: July 2024

The study investigated moral value, peer influence and tendencies to cybercrime involvement among undergraduates in Public Universities, Cross River State, Nigeria. The research questions formulated to guide this study were two and two hypotheses were also formulated.  Survey research design was adopted for the study.  The population of the study comprised all the 400 level students in the two conventional public universities in Cross River State which include University of Calabar and University of Cross River State with the total of 7020 students in 2021/2022 academic session. A sample of 400 undergraduates were randomly selected for the study through stratified sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a well-structured questionnaire titled; “Moral Value, Peer Influence and Tendencies to Cybercrime Involvement Questionnaire” (MVPITCIQ). Simple Linear Regression was the statistical technique employed to test the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Findings revealed that, moral value, peer influence significantly predict tendencies to cybercrime involvement among undergraduates in Public Universities in Cross River State. Based on the conclusion drawn, it was recommended that parents, teachers and significant others should inculcate positive morals to students. Also, moral values education should be taught in our Universities so as to curb the problems of cybercrimes. This means that moral value and peer influence can predict students’ propensities to minimise indulgence in cybercrime.
Prevalence And Determinants Of Malnutrition Among Under-Five Children In Selected Primary Schools In Nasarawa Town
Authors: G K Musa , S M Mahmud , P E Omaku
Published: July 2024

This study aimed at carrying out a survey of the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in selected primary schools in Nasarawa town. Cross sectional research design was adopted for the study. Stratified sampling technique were adopted where the three selected schools served as the strata. The data for the study were collected using structured questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The findings of the study revealed among others that malnutrition in the form of wasting and underweight is more prevalent than stunting in the study area. The study revealed further that exposure to diarrhea, mother’s educational level, mother’s occupation, total number of children, family monthly income, water treatment practice, were significant determinants of wasting among under five children. Also, factors like age of mother, source of food, frequency of water treatment, Antenatal Care (ANC) follow up, mothers’ eating habits during pregnancy, exclusive breastfeeding practice and meal frequency were significant determinants of underweight among under five children. Furthermore, exposure to infectious disease, mothers’ educational level, source of food and frequency of water treatment were the significant determinants of stunting among under five children in the study area. Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that at the community level, instruction and training should be provided to women regarding exclusive breastfeeding, child care, and infectious illness prevention protocol.
Rectal screening for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in an intensive care unit in India
Authors: Sachu Arun , Sunny Sanjo , Mathew Philip , Kumar Ajeesh , David Alice
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To determine the proportion of patients admitted to ICU who are colonised with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and to estimate the agreement between colonised patients and patients who developed an infection with CRE.Design: Prospective surveillance studySetting: The ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, IndiaParticipants: All patients above 18 were admitted to the ICU during the study period.Outcome measures: Patients colonised with CRE and systemic infection with the colonised organismResults: CRE colonisation was found in 20(8.7%) samples. Among the 20 patients in the study who were colonised with CRE, 5(25%) developed systemic infection due to CRE. History of antibiotic usage and admission to other hospitals in the last 90 days were independent predictors of CRE colonisation.Conclusion: Five of the 20 patients colonised with CRE developed an infection. Hospital admission and antibiotic usage were the main risk factors associated with CRE colonisation. Antibiotic escalation was suggested for two colonised patients based on their clinical worsening, but they succumbed to the illness. This study led us to modify our infection control practices, which led to isolating patients colonised with CRE.
Recurrent ischemic stroke post-thrombolysis in an older Ghanaian woman
Authors: F. Gyan Kwadwo , A. Opare-Addo Priscilla , Siaw-Frimpong Moses , Ankomah Kwasi , S. Sarfo Fred
Published: July 2024

Acute ischemic stroke management has evolved through several paradigms. Currently, thrombolysis is recommended for patients who present within 4.5 hours of acute ischemic stroke. Early neurological deterioration post-thrombolysis, however, may occur through several mechanisms. We report a case of a 66-year-old Ghanaian woman with multiple co-morbidities who presented with sudden onset right-sided weakness and aphasia of 2 hours duration. A diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke was made based on clinical examination and a computerised tomography scan of the brain. She underwent successful thrombolysis with recovery of full neurological function. She, however, developed a second ischemic stroke within 72 hours, with the likely aetiology being large vessel occlusion. This was subsequently managed conservatively. Extensive evaluation and control of specific stroke aetiologies is required for the prevention of stroke recurrence post thrombolysis. Also, the establishment of comprehensive stroke centres which provide neurovascular interventions in sub-Saharan Africa can help reduce stroke mortality and morbidity in eligible patients.
Relationship between external ear morphometry and stature among Hausa population from selected tertiary institutions in Kano metropolis, Nigeria.
Authors: Dauda I.M. , Mohammad I.A. , Husein H.I. , Kumurya H.S. , Sharif M.I. , Ibrahim I. , Abubakar L.J. , Umar K.B. , Abubakar M. , Adamu L.H. , Asuku A.Y. , Taura M.G.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Body anthropometry has been proved to be useful tool for height determination of individual. The aim of this study was to determine relationship of external ear morphometry with stature among Hausa population from selected tertiary institutions in Kano metropolis, Nigeria.
METHODOLOGY: Using simple random sampling, a total number of 390 students aged between 18 to 30 years participated in the study. Eight paired external ear parameters were measured using direct anthropometric techniques. The height was measured using standard protocols. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to determine the relationship of external ear morphometry with height and logistic regression was used for the height prediction from the ear morphometry.
RESULTS: The results of the present study showed that the mean values of ear dimensions was significantly higher in males compared to the female (P > 0.01) with the exception of left and right tragus to antihelix, ear lobe length, auricular projection which are significantly higher in female (P < 0.01). Irrespective of sex, significant positive correlation (moderate/strong) was observed in most of the variables with negative correlation in some like right tragus-antihelix (r = -0.109, p = 0.05) and left tragus-antihelix (r = -0.171, p = 0.01). Ear length present higher correlation (r = 0.514). A correlation of external ear dimensions with height based on sex shows that right and left EL, EW, ELL and TIN as well as left ELL were positively correlate with height with higher correlation in right ear length (r = 0.259). Similarly, for the female, right and left EL as well as right TH and right ELL were also positively correlate with height with higher correlation in right EL (r = 0.207).
CONCLUSION: A linear equation model for prediction of height from given ear dimension was generated. Therefore, ear morphometric parameters may be used as an additional tool in determination height among Hausa population.
Evaluating Heart Tissue Changes in Iron Chloride-exposed Rats: Impact of Chasmanthera dependens Methanol Leaf Extract Treatment
Authors: Calmday-Ombo D. , Innih S.O.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Iron is essential for body metabolic activities but excessive iron exposure poses a significant threat to cardiovascular health due to its role in oxidative stress and tissue damage. Natural iron-chelating agents from plants offer a promising alternative to synthetic chelators with potentially fewer side effects. The efficacy of Chasmanthera dependens as a plant-based cardioprotective agent chelating agent has not been fully explored. This study evaluates the changes in iron chloride-exposed rats and the impact of MLECD treatment.
METHODOLOGY: Twenty-five adult Wistar rats averagely weighing between 185-225g were used for this study. They were divided into five rats per groups with daily administration for treatment for twenty-eight days. Group A served as the control group. Group B was given 2mg/kg body weight of FeCl2 only, groups C, D and E with 200, 400, and 800mg/kg body weights of MLECD in addition to 2mg/kg body weight of FeCl2 solution respectively. Rats were euthanized under chloroform and heart harvested and fixed in neutral buffered formalin for hematoxylin and eosin histological staining procedure, and histological slides were examined using light microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Histopathological findings on FeCl2 administration showed myocardial degeneration, coronary vascular ulceration and perivascular inflammation and oedema but MLECD, especially at the lowest dose (200mg/kg MLECD), protected against FeCl2 induced iron-toxicity, consequently proving cardioprotective evidence of MLECD against excessive iron exposure.
The Impact of the CSRD and the ESRS on Non-Financial Disclosure
Authors: Fornasari Tommaso , Traversi Marco
Published: July 2024

The paper examines the evolution of non-financial reporting in Europe, propelled by significant regulatory changes including the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) adoption. With the European Green Deal as a backdrop, we explore how sustainability has transitioned from a compliance obligation to a strategic imperative fundamentally reshaping corporate behaviour. By integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into corporate strategies, the new framework enhances transparency, fosters stakeholder trust, and prepares companies for the challenges and opportunities of sustainable operation. We discuss the potential of the European model to set global reporting standards and outline future research directions to assess the effectiveness of standards and their impact on corporate performance, investor behavior, and consumer trust.
O impacto dos serviços de TIC na sustentabilidade ambiental The impact of ICT services on environmental sustainability
Authors: Singo Félix , D’Oliveira Brígida
Published: July 2024

We are currently experiencing some of the biggest changes the world has ever seen. The digital revolution is transforming the way we interact, how we live, work and spend leisure time. Digital services have become an increasingly ubiquitous part of the lives of many people around the world. There is no doubt that this brings many benefits, but we must also bear in mind that there is an associated environmental cost, from the manufacture of the necessary infrastructure, the energy used to operate the services and the disposal of obsolete equipment. With more and more activities online, concern about the environmental impact of digital services draws attention to the intensity with which the energy network is placed under pressure. This issue of intensive use of the energy grid has been the subject of investigation for some time, but results have varied from study to study, thus weakening the robustness of any conclusions drawn from the respective assessments. The objective of this study is to identify some nuances of the influence of ICTs on environmental indicators. The methodology adopted was bibliographic and documentary research with an exploratory nature, as there are still not many quantitative studies of this kind in our country. Preliminary results show that in our case and in other similar cases, the environmental damage caused by the lack of strategy in the disposal of electronic equipment is even more worrying. It follows that the policy of the ICT industry and the patterns of its use are highly important, as it does not matter how small or large the order of effects is. It is suggested that environmental awareness is the key to opening the doors to sustainable practices and leading to the well-being of Humanity without harming the environment.
La felicidad en el trabajo y sus elementos
Authors: Núñez Ramírez Marco Alberto , Garduño Realivazquez Karla Alejandra , Madrigal Torres Berta Ermila
Published: July 2024

En el capítulo se discuten dos elementos importantes para el ser humano: la felicidad y el trabajo. Dentro del mismo se hace referencia a la diversidad de concepciones sobre la felicidad, desde perspectivas filosóficas hasta definiciones actuales de la psicología positiva. Si bien, actualmente no existe un consenso sobre qué es la felicidad y los elementos que la conforman, dentro del capítulo se exploran los avances científicos actuales sobre lo que realmente es felicidad y lo que hace feliz al ser humano. Lo anterior a fin de introducir el tema central referente a la felicidad en el trabajo, su importancia reside en que las personas pasan una parte significativa de sus vidas laborando. Por ello, se invita a las organizaciones a promover ambientes propicios para el florecimiento de sus trabajadores, lo cual generará beneficios para la empresa.
GUÍA DE RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA APLICACIÓN DEL ENFOQUE DE GÉNERO EN LAS ACTIVIDADES FORMATIVAS DEL IAAP
Authors:   INSTITUTO ANDALUZ DE ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA
Published: July 2024

Esta guía pretende ser una herramienta ágil y de fácil uso para asegurar la inclusión de la perspectiva de género en la elaboración, impartición, evaluación de acciones formativas y el diseño de material didáctico.
Desain Dan Pengembangan Alat Uji Tonjolan Hidrolik (Hydraulic Bulge Test) Sederhana Berbiaya Rendah Untuk Karakterisasi Mampu Bentuk Logam Lembaran Tipis (Metal Foil) pada Kondisi Regangan Biaksial Murni
Authors: Surahman Surahman
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mengembangkan dan menguji alat uji tonjolan hidrolik sederhana dan berbiaya rendah untuk karakterisasi kemampuan bentuk logam lembaran tipis pada kondisi regangan biaksial murni. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada foil kuningan kuning (Cu-Zn) dengan ketebalan 0,2 mm, menggunakan alat dengan diameter tonjolan kecil (20 mm), relevan untuk aplikasi mini forming. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi hubungan antara tekanan dan tinggi tonjolan, yang kemudian dikonversi menjadi tegangan efektif dan regangan efektif. Alat ini dirancang untuk secara langsung menghasilkan data tegangan vs. regangan untuk menghitung eksponen pengerasan regangan (nilai-n). Strategi inovatif penelitian ini termasuk penggunaan diameter tonjolan kecil untuk mini forming dan tanda lingkaran pada permukaan spesimen untuk memfasilitasi konversi data tekanan-tinggi tonjolan menjadi parameter tegangan-regangan. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan bahwa alat ini mampu mengukur hubungan tekanan vs. tinggi tonjolan dengan akurasi tinggi. Meskipun data awal menunjukkan akurasi dalam pengukuran tekanan dan tinggi tonjolan, konversi langsung ke parameter tegangan dan regangan efektif masih memerlukan metode tambahan untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menawarkan solusi ekonomis untuk karakterisasi material dalam aplikasi mini forming dan menyajikan alat yang dapat diandalkan untuk studi lanjutan pada berbagai jenis logam lembaran tipis
Analysis of Social Media Marketing in Starbucks Indonesia
Authors: Aulia Mirna , Rahyadi Irmawan
Published: July 2024

In today's highly competitive business environment, effective digital marketing is essential for businesses to build brand presence and attract and retain customers. In Indonesia, internet users are increasing from year to year because they can access anything and easily explore the things they want to know. This research aims to analyze the digital marketing and social media content of Starbucks Indonesia. This research approach is a qualitative approach. In this research, the case study that will be used is Multiple Case Study. This research approach is a qualitative approach. In this research, the case study that will be used is Multiple Case Study.
The Influence of Work Commitment and Work Discipline on Employee Job Satisfaction and Performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate Employees
Authors: Mufassir Mufassir , Azis Muthalib Abd , Nur Muh , Tambunan Rince
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to determine and analyze: (1) The influence of work commitment on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (2) The influence of work commitment on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (3) The influence of work discipline on job satisfaction of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (4) The influence of work discipline on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (5) The influence of job satisfaction on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees. The population in this study were all 49 Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees with ASN status and were also used as respondents in this study using census techniques. The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive analysis and inferential statistics, namely Partial Least Square (PLS). The research results state that: (1) Work commitment has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (2) Work commitment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (3) Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (4) Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees; (5) Employee job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Bombana Regency Inspectorate employees