bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thực trạng thừa cân béo phì ở trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi và yếu tố liên quan tại một số quận huyện của Hà Nội năm 2019
Authors: Yến Nguyễn Thị Hải , Anh Nguyễn Thị Kiều , Trung Trần Quang , Phúc Hoàng Đức
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện năm 2019 tại 15 quận huyện thuộc thành phố Hà Nội với mục tiêu nhằm mô tả thực trạng thừa cân béo phì (TCBP) của trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi và một số yếu tố liên quan ở một số quận huyện tại Hà Nội năm 2019. Tổng số 22 988 trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi được đo các chỉ số nhân trắc và phỏng vấn người chăm sóc. Tỷ lệ TCBP ở đối tượng nghiên cứu là 6,5%, trong đó thừa cân là 4,5% và béo phì là 2,0%. Trẻ em nam có khả năng mắc thừa cân béo phì cao gấp 1,6 lần so với trẻ em nữ. Ở trẻ dưới 3 tuổi, khả năng mắc thừa cân béo phì giảm dần theo tuổi. Khả năng thừa cân béo phì tăng lên gấp 1,7 lần ở trẻ em sống tại khu vực nội thành so với trẻ sống ở ngoại thành; tăng lên gấp 2,4 lần ở trẻ em có cân nặng sơ sinh >4000g so với trẻ có cân nặng sơ sinh ≤4000g; tăng lên gấp 1,2 lần ở trẻ là con một trong gia đình so với trẻ có anh chị em; tăng lên gấp 1,9 lần ở trẻ có mẹ thừa cân so với trẻ có mẹ cân nặng bình thường. Do vậy, cần có những giải pháp can thiệp cải thiện tình trạng TCBP trẻ em theo địa bàn, theo đặc điểm gia đình và bà mẹ để đảm bảo can thiệp dinh dưỡng hiệu quả.
Kháng thể trong sữa mẹ và đáp ứng miễn dịch với vắc xin phòng tiêu chảy do rotavirus ở trẻ em tại Bỉ, 2014 - 2015
Authors: Anh Nguyễn Thị Hiền , Braeckman Tessa , Trang Nguyễn Vân , Mai Chử Thị Ngọc , Ly Lê Thị Khánh , Anh Đặng Đức , Thiểm Vũ Đình , Damme Pierre Van
Published: April 2021

Rotavirus (RV) là nguyên nhân gây ra tiêu chảy cấp quan trọng nhất ở trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi. Vắc xin phòng tiêu chảy do RV đã được phát triển qua nhiều thế hệ nhưng khả năng tạo đáp ứng miễn dịch và hiệu lực bảo vệ không đồng đều giữa các quốc gia. Một giả thuyết cho rằng kháng thể trong sữa mẹ có thể làm giảm hiệu lực của vắc xin rotavirus uống ở các nước đang phát triển. Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục tiêu mô tả một số yếu tố liên quan giữa kháng thể trong sữa mẹ và đáp ứng miễn dịch với vắc xin phòng tiêu chảy do rotavirus ở trẻ em tại Bỉ, 2014 - 2015. Trong nghiên cứu này 51 trẻ khỏe mạnh ở Bỉ chia thành 3 nhóm (bú sữa mẹ, bú sữa mẹ một phần và uống sữa công thức) được tuyển chọn và cho uống vắc xin Rotarix. Mẫu máu của trẻ và sữa mẹ được thu thập trước khi uống vắc xin, 4 tuần sau liều 1 và liều 2 để đánh giá RV-IgA. Kết quả cho thấy, 4 tuần sau liều 1 gần 2/3 trẻ không có chuyển đổi huyết thanh, tỷ lệ trẻ có chuyển đổi RV-IgA ở nhóm bú sữa mẹ hoàn toàn hoặc 1 phần thấp hơn tỷ lệ này ở trẻ bú sữa công thức (p<0,05). Sau liều 2, phần lớn trẻ em (81,2%) có chuyển đổi huyết thanh đối với RV-IgA và không có sự khác biệt về đáp ứng miễn dịch giữa nhóm bú sữa mẹ và sữa công thức. Như vậy, sau 2 liều vắc xin không thấy ảnh hưởng của sữa mẹ đến tính sinh miễn dịch của vắc xin rotavirus ở trẻ em ở Bỉ.
Международные новости архитектуры
Authors: Григорьева Анна
Published: April 2021

В новостях говорится о предстоящем Всемирном конгрессе Международного союза архитекторов, который в 2021 году пройдет в новом, гибридном формате, а также передаются слова поддержки со стороны МСА в адрес двух знаковых спортивных сооружений в Бразилии и Италии, находящихся под угрозой сноса. Кроме того, публикуется объявление о двух конкурсах, которые пройдут в 2021 году: конкурс от компании Lunawood и конкурс Kaira Looro.
Города-конгломерации: синергетическое развитие
Authors: Ленц Анна
Published: April 2021

В статье рассмотрены факторы (демографическая динамика и экономическое развитие, конгломерационно-агломерационные пространственные эффекты, функциональная структура и специфика городов) и возможные модели пространственного развития малых, средних и больших населенных пунктов. Предложен авторский алгоритм для определения оптимальной пространственной и функциональной стратегии развития городов. Введен новый термин городской конгломерации.
город как организм
Authors: Григорьева Елена
Published: April 2021

Реставраторы говорят, что со временем произведения искусства, картины, статуи приобретают свойства организма. А что же город? В своих профессиональных дискуссиях мы часто используем метафору «город – организм», и для этого есть основания. По своей сложности, многообразию и системной цельности тонкие городские взаимосвязи вполне сравнимы с живым организмом. Транспорт и инженерные сети – чем не лимфа и кровеносные сосуды? Легкие города – рекреации. Исторический центр – сердце города, об операции на котором говорил Марк Меерович (ПБ №50, с. 75), и именно сейчас это главный дискурс Иркутска. А у Парижа даже чрево было – рынок Ле Аль, переделанный в ХХ веке в магазин (и многие, в частности Бернар Чуми, считают, что эта операция была ошибкой).
«Культурная миля»: Хужир
Authors: Кожевникова Вероника , Козлов Валерий
Published: April 2021

Проблема урбанизации прибрежных поселений Байкальского региона, находящихся в границах Центральной экологической зоны, является актуальной и требует особенного подхода для сохранения историко-культурного и природного наследия, формирования мест пребывания сезонных туристических потоков. Дипломный проект «Культурная миля» в п. Хужир на о. Ольхон демонстрирует качественный подход к трансформации территории, опирающийся на актуальные запросы современности.
FINALIDADE DA PENA E SUA EFICÁCIA PERANTE A ATUAL SITUAÇÃO DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: BOHN GASS Eduardo , BECKER Carol Elisa
Published: April 2021

This article has os its theme the analysis of the effectiveness of the purpose of the penalty, according to the theory adopted by the penal legislation in force, given the current situation of Brazilian society. For this purpose, the work has as generais objective to verify if the purpose of the penalty is effectively achieved in our current society and, as specific objectives, the analysis of the different theories of the purpose of the penalty, its framing in the penal legislation in force and the reflexes in the society contemporary. The applied methodology was bibliographic research, using the hypothetical-deductive approach method. The concepts listed demonstrate that the mixed theory of the purpose of punishment adopted by the national legislator is the one that best meets the fundamental principles of the dignity of the human person. However, due to several problems, the purposes of the penalty, especially the preventive one, are not reaching full effectiveness in our current society.
MEDIAÇÃO DE CONFLITOS E SEGURANÇA SOCIAL
Authors: BOHN GASS Eduardo , BECKER Carol Elisa
Published: April 2021

This article has os its theme the analysis of the institute of conflict mediation as a way to assist in the management of public security. For this purpose, the work has as its general objective to verify if conflict mediation is able to help in reducing violence and, as specific objectives, the analysis of the conflict mediation institute, the guiding principles and its effectiveness in the public security plan . The applied methodology was bibliographic research, using the hypothetical-deductive approach method. The concepts listed demonstrate that the traditional models of combating violence are not having their due effects. In this perspective, the institute of conflict mediation emerges, which, in view of its principles and peculiarities, can greatly contribute so that problems of various kinds can be solved before they evolve into violence and crimes.
ASPECTOS GERAIS, TÉCNICAS DE APLICAÇÃO E EFEITOS COLATERAIS DO USO DO ÁCIDO HIALURÔNICO NA BIOMEDICINA ESTÉTICA
Authors: SOUZA Wanessa De Oliveira
Published: April 2021

This study describes and analyzes the general aspects, application techniques and side effects of the use of hyaluronic acid in aesthetic biomedicine. Taking into account that aesthetics is factually one of the most powerful segments of the economy, there is a huge demand for aesthetic procedures to alleviate body and facial disorders. Contemporary society is increasingly concerned with maintaining a youthful and harmonious appearance, leading to the constant search for methods that soothe or delay the expression of these signs, thus remaining with the appearance of young skin for a longer time. Currently, the use of fillers in aesthetics has expanded considerably. Becoming a tool every time, but used to aid rejuvenation. There are currently many different types of fillers, however there is no ideal, pure filler on the market without adverse effects. Among the fillers, hyaluronic acid (HA) is the closest to these expected peculiarities, for this reason it is the one that has been most used, however it is emphasized that it can have some adverse effects. The present study aimed to describe and analyze the general aspects and techniques of application of hyaluronic acid in aesthetic biomedicine, expose its risks and list its possible complications. To this end, a bibliographic search was carried out in the main databases, the virtual health library (bvs); scientific electronic library online (scielo), academic Google and lilacs. Concluding then that HA is an effective and relatively safe alternative for several uses in aesthetic biomedicine.
Klasik Türk Edebiyatında Mizahın Farklı Bir Yönü: Şairin Kendini Alaya Alması
Authors: ÖNTÜRK Tolga
Published: April 2021

Bir kişinin, kurumun veya toplumun olumsuz ve gülünç yanlarını nazım veya nesir olarak eleştirmek ve kötüleyip alaya almak anlamına gelen hiciv, divan edebiyatında geniş bir yer tutmaktadır. Klasik edebiyatta şairler “methiye” ile bir başkasını, “fahriye” ile de kendisini över. Ancak şairlerin kendilerini eleştirmesi ve alaya alması nadir görülen durumlardandır. Bir kişiyi hicvetmek methiyenin, şairin kendisini hicvetmesi de fahriyenin zıttı olarak görülebilir. Divan edebiyatında daha çok hezliyat, mizah ve hiciv muhtevalı şiirler yazan bazı şairlerin kendilerini de alaya aldıkları görülür. Şairler şişmanlık, köselik, yaşlılık, dişlerinin ve bazı uzuvlarının olmaması gibi fiziksel kusurlarının yanı sıra şiirlerinin düzensiz, manasız, tatsız tuzsuz ve maskara olması gibi hususlarda kendilerini alaya alabilirler. Bunu yaparken hiciv ve mizahın bir özelliği olan kaba ve argo sözler sarf etmekten de kaçınmazlar. Bu çalışmada divan edebiyatında hiciv ve mizah yönü öne çıkan bazı şairlerin şiirlerinden hareketle, şairlerin kendi fiziksel kusurları ve şairlik yetenekleriyle alay etmeleri ele alınmıştır.
Investigating the Mediating Role of Employee Flexibility between Toxic Leadership and Non-civil Behavior
Authors: kazemi Ruqieh , Ebrahimpour Habib , Bashokoh Mohammad
Published: April 2021

This study examined the mediating role of employee flexibility between toxic leadership and non-civil behavior. This research is a correlational and applied research. Descriptive and structural equation modeling were used as the method of the study, in which toxic leadership, non-civil behavior and employee flexibility were considered as the predictive, criterion and moderator variables, respectively. SPSS and Amos software were used to analyze the data. In this study, the population was the employees of Mohaghegh Ardabili University who were over 398 people, of those 195 persons were estimated using Cochran formula. Standard questionnaires were used to collect the data so that their validity and reliability were confirmed. The results show that employee flexibility had a significant negative impact on non-civil behavior in academic setting (P< 0.05), and toxic leadership had a significant positive impact on non-civil behavior in academic setting (P<0.05).According to the results, any leader who has a toxic leadership style may somehow lead to non-civil behavior at university. Non-civil behavior is, furthermore, decreased in academic setting due to an increase in employee flexibility or vice versa. Employee flexibility has a decreasing role between malicious behavior of toxic leadership and non-civil behavior in the academic setting.
INTERPROFISSIONALIDADE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Santos Jaqueline Rocha Borges dos , Brito Luciana Macedo
Published: April 2021

A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) ou Atenção Básica (AB) ocupa um lugar de destaque no desenvolvimento de ações com caráter preventivo e de promoção da saúde. Neste contexto, a compreensão do processo de trabalho e como a APS se articula inserida na Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) são fundamentais para a discussão de uma modelo de prática de trabalho em saúde. A partir disto, as reflexões acerca de estratégia de trabalho na APS inserem a interprofissionalidade em saúde no cerne para a implantação das práticas colaborativas. Com isto, o arcabouço conceitual se soma às percepções de experiências que dialogam com as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) para garantia das atividades vinculadas à APS, especialmente em cenário de pandemia. Neste sentido, este capítulo reforça o modelo da Educação Interprofissional (EIP) em saúde como necessário aos processos de trabalho na APS para garantia do cuidado centrado ao paciente/usuário, família e comunidade.
VISITA DOMICILIAR NO CONTEXTO DA ATENÇÃO PRIMARIA À SAÚDE DESAFIOS DE MÉDICOS E ENFERMEIROS: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Andres Silvana Carloto , Birk Fernanda , Leão Andressa , Machado Liane Bahú , Braz Melissa Medeiros
Published: April 2021

A Visita Domiciliar (VD) é uma ferramenta muito utilizada pela equipe que atua na Atenção Primaria à Saúde (APS), possui importância na saúde pública, pois é através dela que pode avaliar as condições ambientais e físicas que o indivíduo e sua família vivem. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a importância que a equipe multiprofissional atribui à Visita Domiciliar no contexto da APS, e discutindo os desafios para que a VD possa vir a contribuir para a reorientação do trabalho em equipe e para a produção do cuidado em saúde. Trata-se de um relato de experiência da equipe de enfermagem e médica de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, situada no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. A experiência se baseou nas VDs no decorrer do ano de 2020, e teve como desafio a pandemia do COVID-19, que limitou algumas VDs. A visita domiciliar é parte fundamental da atenção primária e existe desde os primórdios do atendimento em saúde pública. Atualmente, um dos maiores desafios é garantir ênfase em promoção à saúde e prevenção de doenças dentro do modelo curativo que ainda vivemos. Além disso, a pandemia de COVID 19 demonstrou que, apesar do desafio em adaptar a equipe, bem como orientar familiares e pacientes sobre os cuidados a fim de evitar disseminação da doença, fica evidenciada a necessidade em manter as visitas domiciliares a fim de reduzir descompensação de doentes crônicos, bem como evitar sobrecarga às unidades de saúde, devido à falta de acompanhamento.
Planting Seeds of Victory: Creating Shared Meaning while Gardening amidst a Pandemic
Authors: Cannon Emma , Mulvaney Chandler , Harlow Erin , Silvasy Tiare , Duncan LuAnn , Janney Heather , Corbett Halie , Hunter Maxine , Marek Amanda , Bailey Mark
Published: April 2021

The Victory2020 Garden Community Program was established by faculty members within the University of Florida (UF), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) in Marion and Columbia County Extension offices. In response to COVID-19, the purpose of the program was to provide online-mediated programs that could be completed at the desired pace of the participants, while promoting a self-reliant, science-based approach to learning about home food production through gardening. Due to food insecurity rates in both Marion (14.4%) and Columbia (15.2%) counties ranking above the statewide average in Florida, an immediate need to provide educational resources on becoming self-sufficient in growing one’s own food became increasingly important due to nationwide supply-chain shortages (Feeding America, 2020). 2,548 participants representing 43 states and six countries were provided access to eight learning modules hosted by Canvas, an online tool through UF. Participants were provided a package of free seeds, including corn, squash, cucumber, and cowpea to plant their Victory2020 Garden. A purposeful online community was established by extension agents in Marion and Columbia counties to facilitate quality discussion and growth, culminating in over 225,000 total impressions. The findings of the program revealed that 88% of gardening households began eating more fruits and vegetables while 73% are embracing new food safety techniques in both the garden and kitchen. Primary investigators and co-pi's recommend an implementation of a program timeline to benefit the participants through diverse, online learning options. Continued programming addressing mental health, nutrition, and gardening is recommended across extension programs nationally.
Validation of a new cavity ring-down spectrometer for measuring tropospheric gaseous hydrogen chloride
Authors: Furlani Teles C. , Veres Patrick R. , Dawe Kathryn E. R. , Neuman J. Andrew , Brown Steven S. , VandenBoer Trevor C. , Young Cora J.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Reliable, sensitive, and widely available hydrogen chloride (HCl) measurements are important for understanding oxidation in many regions of the troposphere. We configured a commercial HCl cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) for sampling HCl in the ambient atmosphere and developed calibration and validation techniques to characterize the measurement uncertainties. The CRDS makes fast, sensitive, and robust measurements of HCl in a high finesse optical cavity coupled to a laser centered at 5739 cm−1. The accuracy was determined to reside between 5–10 %, calculated from laboratory calibrations and an ambient air intercomparison with annular denuders. The precision and limit of detection (3σ) in the 0.5 Hz measurement were below 6 pptv and 18 pptv, respectively for a 30 second integration interval in zero air. The response time of this method is primarily characterized by fitting decay curves to a double exponential equation and is impacted by inlet adsorption/desorption, with these surface effects increasing with RH and decreasing with decreasing HCl mixing ratios. The response time for the tested inlet was 2–6 minutes under the most and least optimal conditions, respectively. An intercomparison with the EPA compendium method for quantification of acidic atmospheric gases showed good agreement, yielding a linear relationship statistically equivalent to unity (slope of 0.97 ± 0.15). The CRDS from this study can detect HCl at atmospherically relevant mixing ratios, often performing comparable or better in sensitivity, selectivity, and response-time from previously reported HCl detection methods.
Mid-19th-century building structure locations in Galicia and Austrian Silesia under the Habsburg Monarchy
Authors: Kaim Dominik , Szwagrzyk Marcin , Dobosz Monika , Troll Mateusz , Ostafin Krzysztof
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We produced a reconstruction of mid-19th-century building
structure locations in former Galicia and Austrian Silesia (parts of the
Habsburg Monarchy), which are located in present-day Czechia, Poland, and
Ukraine and cover more than 80 000 km2. Our reconstruction was based on
a homogeneous series of detailed Second Military Survey maps (1:28 800) that
were the result of a cadastral mapping (1:2880) generalization. The dataset
consists of two types of building structures based on the original map
legend – residential and outbuildings (mainly farm-related buildings). The
dataset's accuracy was assessed quantitatively and qualitatively by using
independent data sources and may serve as an important input in studying
long-term socioeconomic processes and human–environmental interactions or as
a valuable reference for continental settlement reconstructions. The dataset
is available at https://doi.org/10.17632/md8jp9ny9z.2
(Kaim et al., 2020a).
Gap-free global annual soil moisture: 15 km grids for 1991–2018
Authors: Guevara Mario , Taufer Michela , Vargas Rodrigo
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Soil moisture is key for understanding
soil–plant–atmosphere interactions. We provide a soil moisture pattern
recognition framework to increase the spatial resolution and fill gaps of
the ESA-CCI (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative v4.5) soil
moisture dataset, which contains > 40 years of satellite soil
moisture global grids with a spatial resolution of ∼ 27 km. We
use terrain parameters coupled with bioclimatic and soil type information to
predict finer-grained (i.e., downscaled) satellite soil moisture. We assess
the impact of terrain parameters on the prediction accuracy by
cross-validating downscaled soil moisture with and without the support of
bioclimatic and soil type information. The outcome is a dataset of gap-free
global mean annual soil moisture predictions and associated prediction
variances for 28 years (1991–2018) across 15 km grids. We use independent in situ
records from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN, 987 stations)
and in situ precipitation records (171 additional stations) only for evaluating the
new dataset. Cross-validated correlation between observed and predicted soil
moisture values varies from r= 0.69 to r= 0.87 with root mean squared
errors (RMSEs, m3 m−3) around 0.03 and 0.04. Our soil moisture
predictions improve (a) the correlation with the ISMN (when compared with
the original ESA-CCI dataset) from r= 0.30 (RMSE = 0.09, unbiased RMSE (ubRMSE) = 0.37) to
r= 0.66 (RMSE = 0.05, ubRMSE = 0.18) and (b) the correlation with local precipitation records across boreal (from r= < 0.3 up to r= 0.49) or
tropical areas (from r= < 0.3 to r= 0.46) which are currently
poorly represented in the ISMN. Temporal trends show a decline of global
annual soil moisture using (a) data from the ISMN (-1.5[-1.8,-1.24] %),
(b) associated locations from the original ESA-CCI dataset (-0.87[-1.54,-0.17] %), (c) associated locations from predictions based on terrain
parameters (-0.85[-1.01,-0.49] %), and (d) associated locations from
predictions including bioclimatic and soil type information (-0.68[-0.91,-0.45] %). We provide a new soil moisture dataset that has no gaps and
higher granularity together with validation methods and a modeling approach
that can be applied worldwide (Guevara et al., 2020,
https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.9f981ae4e68b4f529cdd7a5c9013e27e).
A new Lagrangian in-time particle simulation module (Itpas v1) for atmospheric particle dispersion
Authors: Faust Matthias , Wolke Ralf , Münch Steffen , Funk Roger , Schepanski Kerstin
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Trajectory models are intuitive tools for airflow studies. But in general, they are limited to non-turbulent, i.e. laminar flow, conditions. Therefore, trajectory models are not particularly suitable for investigating airflow within the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer.
To overcome this, a common approach is handling the turbulent uncertainty as a random deviation from a mean path in order to create a statistic of possible solutions which envelops the mean path.
This is well known as the Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM).
However, the decisive factor is the representation of turbulence in the model, for which widely used models such as FLEXPART and HYSPLIT use an approximation.
A conceivable improvement could be the use of a turbulence parameterisation approach based on the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) at high temporal resolution.
Here, we elaborated this approach and developed the LPDM Itpas, which is coupled online to the German Weather Service's mesoscale weather forecast model COSMO.
It benefits from the prognostically calculated TKE as well as from the high-frequency wind information.
We demonstrate the model's applicability for a case study on agricultural particle emission in eastern Germany. The results obtained are discussed with regard to the model's ability to describe particle transport within a turbulent boundary layer. Ultimately, the simulations performed suggest that the newly introduced method based on prognostic TKE sufficiently represents the particle transport.
Evapotranspiration enhancement drives the European water-budget deficit during multi-year droughts
Authors: Massari Christian , Avanzi Francesco , Bruno Giulia , Gabellani Simone , Penna Daniele , Camici Stefania
Published: April 2021

Abstract. In a warming climate, periods with below-than-average precipitation will increase in frequency and intensity. During such periods, known as meteorological droughts, sparse but consistent pieces of evidence show that the decline in annual runoff may be proportionally larger than the corresponding decline in precipitation (e.g., −40 % vs. −20 %). Reasons behind this exacerbation of runoff deficit during dry periods remain largely unknown, which challenges generalization at larger scales (i.e., beyond the single catchment), as well as the predictability of when this exacerbation will occur and how intense it will be. Here, we tested the hypothesis that runoff-deficit exacerbation during droughts is a common feature of droughts across climates and is driven by evapotranspiration enhancement. We support this hypothesis by relying on multidecadal records of streamflow and precipitation for more than 200 catchments across various European climates, which distinctively show the emergence of similar periods of exacerbated runoff deficit identified in previous studies, i.e., runoff deficit on the order of −20 % to −40 % less than what expected from precipitation deficit. The magnitude of this exacerbation is two to three times larger for basins located in dry regions than for basins in wet regions and is qualitatively correlated with an increase in annual evapotranspiration during droughts, on the order of 11 % and 33 % over basins characterized by energy- and water-limited evapotranspiration regimes, respectively. Thus, enhanced atmospheric and vegetation demand for moisture during dry periods induces a nonlinear and potentially hysteretic precipitation-runoff relationship for low-flow regimes, which results in an unexpectedly large decrease in runoff during periods of already low water availability. Forecasting onset, magnitude, and duration of these drops in runoff availability has paramount societal implications, especially in a warming climate, given their supporting role for water, food, and energy security. The outcome that water basins are prone to this exacerbation of runoff deficit for various climates and evapotranspiration regimes, compounded by the lack of specific parametrizations of this process in the majority of hydrological and land-surface models, make further understanding of its patterns of predictability an urgent priority for water-resource planning and management in a warming and drier climate.
Sustainability in Career Development: The Impact of Career Development Culture and Career Support of Senior Management on Career Satisfaction
Authors: Wickramaratne Widana Pathiranage Richard
Published: April 2021

The study examined whether career development culture and career support of senior management impact employee career satisfaction. This study validated two new questionnaires: career development culture and career support of senior management. Based on the extended model of social cognitive career theory, the study proposed that these two variables positively impact on employee career satisfaction. Private sector employees (N=196) representing a range of manufacturing and service sector firms from the private sector in Sri Lanka participated in a survey. It is found that, career development culture and the career support of senior management positively impact on career satisfaction. The current findings provide implications to the extended model of social cognitive career theory by testing the hypothesized relationships with a cross sectional study. The current findings propose that an organization should develop a career development culture and the senior management should support employees’ career development in such a way that increases their career satisfaction.  The study is subject to common method and common source bias, since this is a cross sectional study with a survey. Future research could be conducted with the representation of broader category of employees and industries, which promotes the generalizability of findings.
Natural and human control of the coastal development. Baltic sea, Lithuania
Authors: Jarmalavičius Darius , Žilinskas Gintautas , Pupienis Donatas , Karaliūnas Viktoras , Janušaitė Rasa
Published: April 2021

Sea coast - a geomorphic system that maintains its stability through the exchange of sand between its individual elements. As environmental conditions change, the shore system changes by adapting to maintain its stability. Natural processes such as sea level fluctuation and extreme storms cause continuous shoreline change. Feedback effects create natural elements inhibiting external factors altering shore stability. There is a relative equilibrium between natural factors and the shore and in the absence of sudden changes the shore system retains its quasi-stability over a long period of time. This is reflected in the development of the Baltic Sea coast at Lithuania in the 20th century. During this period, of naturally developing coastline did not experience drastic changes. Both the position of the shoreline and the change in the volume of sand on shore did not undergo catastrophic changes. Everything changes radically when a human intervenes in natural processes by starting to develop economic activities on the shore. Especially significant changes occur during the construction or reconstruction of hydro-technical structures. In the case of Lithuania, the hydro-technical structures that caused the biggest changes were the jetties of Klaipeda and Šventoji ports and the pier of Palanga. Since the shore sand transfer resultant at the Lithuanian nearshore is directed from south to north, the resulting barrier cats this drift, disrupting the free circulation of sand along the shore and forcing sand to accumulate on the southern side of the jetty. Meanwhile, on the north side of the jetty, when the sand supply is lost, the coast begins to retreat. These changes are exacerbated by the deepening of the Klaipeda port cana
Short- and Medium-range Prediction of Relativistic Electron Flux in the Earth’s Outer Radiation Belt by Machine Learning Methods
Authors:   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Myagkova I. N. , Shirokii V. R. ,   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shugai Yu. S. ,   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Barinov O. G. ,   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vladimirov R. D. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dolenko S. A. ,   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: April 2021

The ways are studied to improve the quality of prediction of the time series of hourly mean fluxes and daily total fluxes (fluences) of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt of the Earth 1 to 24 hours ahead and 1 to 4 days ahead, respectively. The prediction uses an approximation approach based on various machine learning methods, namely, artificial neural networks (ANNs), decision tree (random forest), and gradient boosting. A comparison of the skill scores of short-range forecasts with the lead time of 1 to 24 hours showed that the best results were demonstrated by ANNs. For medium-range forecasting, the accuracy of prediction of the fluences of relativistic electrons in the Earth’s outer radiation belt three to four days ahead increases significantly when the predicted values of the solar wind velocity near the Earth obtained from the UV images of the Sun of the AIA (Atmospheric Imaging Assembly) instrument of the SDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory) are included to the list of the input parameters.
Consenso sobre el estándar de atención psicooncológica, complejidad psicosocial y actividad asistencial en el Instituto Catalán de Oncología
Authors: Maté-Méndez Jorge , L. Gil Moncayo Francisco , Ochoa Arnedo Cristian , Casellas-Grau Anna , Trelis Navarro Jordi , Calle Rodríguez Candela
Published: April 2021

Introducción: La atención psicosocial de las personas con enfermedad oncológica y la familia debe formar parte de todo modelo integral de atención que pretenda reducir el impacto vital del cáncer. Las intervenciones psicosociales han probado su eficacia en la ayuda a pacientes y familiares para afrontar las situaciones de alta complejidad psicosocial emergentes a consecuencia de un diagnóstico de cáncer. Objetivo: Definir y explicar el modelo de Atención Psicosocial del Comité Psicosocial del Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO) utilizando criterios de vulnerabilidad, complejidad y derivación; enmarcado y basado en los valores del ICO (centrados en las necesidades de pacientes con cáncer y sus familias). Método: El modelo que se presenta en este documento consta de cinco pilares: 1) Principios de la Práctica Psicosocial en Oncología; 2) Áreas de actuación en la Atención Psicosocial del paciente con cáncer y la familia; 3) Cribado de malestar emocional y derivación del paciente con cáncer y la familia para una atención psicooncológica específica; 4) Comité Psicosocial: (objetivos; funciones; organización; composición; disciplinas participantes; criterios de derivación y niveles de complejidad; y procedimiento); y 5) Índice de productividad. Resultados: Pacientes y familiares atendidos por el CPS mostraron mejoría estadísticamente significativa en los niveles del malestar emocional, pasando de una media inicial de 8,12/10 (EVA/ ENV) a una media 6,27/10 (EVA/ENV). Asimismo, se constata que las intervenciones derivadas del comité psicosocial redujeron el porcentaje de casos iniciales de alta complejidad, pasando de un 69,3% a un 49,3%. Conclusiones: El abordaje de la complejidad psicosocial mediante un modelo basado en criterios multi e interdisciplinarios consensuados ayuda en la toma de decisiones sobre las acciones a seguir y en la mejora del malestar emocional y complejidad de los pacientes y la familia.
The impact of mastectomy on body image and sexuality in women with breast cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Martins Faria Bárbara , Martins Rodrigues Isabela , Verri Marquez Leticia , Da Silva Pires Uriel , Vilges de Oliveira Stefan
Published: April 2021

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the impact of mastectomy on body image and sexuality of women with breast cancer, as well as to provide a general understanding of their quality of life. Method: This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The expression “Mastectomy AND (sexuality OR “body image”)” was searched in Lilacs, Scielo, Pubmed and Scopus databases. Articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish between 2010 and 2020 were selected. The text analysis was carried out by peers. Results: 69.3% (43) of the studies presented mastectomy as a technique that worsens body image, sexual functioning and quality of life of women. Less radical procedures, such as breast-conserving surgery, showed lower impact on these indicators. Breast reconstruction is an alternative to mitigate breast surgery impacts. Conclusion: Mastectomy caused the major impacts on body image, sexual functioning and quality of life. These implications need to be considered during therapeutic choice.
Necesidad de apoyo psicológico y calidad de vida en el cuidador primario de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer
Authors: Rosado Pulido Ester Alejandra , Arroyo Jiménez Cointa , Sahagún Morales Arturo , Lara Puente Argelia , Campos Ugalde Sofia , Ochoa Palacios Rosalba , Sánchez Sosa Juan José
Published: April 2021

El cáncer infantil es un problema de salud pública en México. Esta enfermedad es motivo de angustia y problemas psicosociales tanto en el paciente como en su cuidador primario. Si las necesidades del cuidador no son identificadas y atendidas se impacta sobre el bienestar y la salud del infante. EI objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar las necesidades de apoyo (NA) y calidad de vida del cuidador primario informal (CPI) de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer. Método: El diseño fue no experimental y correlacional. Participaron 100 CPIs de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer hospitalizados, la mayoría fueron mujeres y madres de los pacientes. Resultados: Se encontró que las NA mayormente insatisfechas fueron la necesidad de resolver las preocupaciones por el futuro, seguido por las necesidades emocionales y las necesidades de información. Aquellas percibidas con una menor urgencia por resolver fueron las necesidades relacionadas con el acceso médico de los pacientes. El funcionamiento emocional, físico y social fueron las áreas más afectadas en la calidad de vida (CV). Con respecto al impacto familiar, las relaciones familiares mostraron ser uno de los dominios menos afectados. El análisis de regresión múltiple por método intro demostró que las necesidades emocionales y de información no satisfechas, las preocupaciones, actividades diarias, y relaciones familiares de los CPIs explican el 74% de la varianza en calidad de vida. Conclusión: Se recomienda integrar a su protocolo clínico de rutina la detección de necesidades, evaluación de CV, así como la implementación de intervenciones psicoeducativas y, en su caso, la atención psicológica personalizada.
Aplicación de la realidad virtual en niños oncológicos hospitalizados sometidos a procedimientos invasivos: un estudio de casos
Authors: Sáez-Rodríguez Diego José , Chico-Sánchez Pablo
Published: April 2021

Los procedimientos invasivos en pacientes oncológicos son dolorosos y producen elevada ansiedad, principalmente en niños y adolescentes. Actualmente se dispone de tecnología, como la realidad virtual (RV), para paliar estos efectos negativos. Hay evidencia de la utilidad de estos métodos en pacientes adultos, siendo escasas las experiencias en población infantil. Objetivo: Evaluar el uso de RV para reducir la ansiedad y dolor percibido en dos niños de 9 y 11 años, pacientes oncológicos sometidos a punción de catéter en un hospital de Alicante, España. Métodos: La evaluación y aplicación del tratamiento se estructuró en tres sesiones (evaluación, intervención sin RV e intervención con RV). Se utilizó STAI-C para evaluar la ansiedad estado del niño, Faces Pain Scale Revised para evaluar el dolor percibido por este, y un cuestionario ad-hoc para evaluar la percepción de ansiedad y dolor de los padres y personal sanitario. Resultados: Se mostró una disminución en la percepción del dolor y el nivel de ansiedad en ambos sujetos, en sus padres y en el personal sanitario cuando se usó RV, respecto a la intervención sin RV. Conclusión: Estos resultados contribuyen en la dotación de herramientas paliativas para intervenciones dolorosas con niños sometidos a tratamientos invasivos.
What Is at Stake in China-US Relations? An Estimate of Jobs and Money Involved in the Bilateral Economic Tie
Authors: Contractor Farok J.
Published: April 2021

Alarm bells are ringing about President Donald Trump’s pronouncements against China as well as his threats to impose a 45% tariff against Chinese imports after declaring the country to be a “currency manipulator.” For all the concern, however, I have not seen a single calculation of the dollar costs, or impact on jobs, if Trump’s policies were actually implemented. This article is an attempt to estimate the answers to the following questions: In the event of a break in the bilateral relations, How many jobs in the US and China are at risk? What would be the extra purchase price for consumers if, hypothetically, imports from China were replaced by US manufactured products? Is it possible, or even likely, to “bring back” production from China to the US? What would be the consequences if China retaliated against US-made products and services? What if China pulled out its $1.2–1.8 trillion investment in US securities? And what about American companies’ investments in China?
Determinants of Innovations in the Region of MENA
Authors: Huang Hau , Samii Massood
Published: April 2021

This paper investigates determinants of innovation in MENA (Middle East and North Africa) countries. This investigation focused on GDP per capita (PPP), higher education enrollment, economy openness, business disclosure and unemployment rates, among other factors. The analysis uses the Global Innovation Index (GII), patent applications and high technology export as dependent variables in separate models. Panel regression is applied in the study. The result indicates that in the MENA region, all the above four factors except unemployment rate are determinants of innovation, and it is also shown that high technology export is the best proxy for innovation among the three dependent variables. This study is organized in the following format: introduction, followed by literature review, then data and methodology, then the results and discussion; finally, the paper closes with its conclusion and potentialities for future research.
L’effet de l’usage du Tableau Blanc Interactif (TBI) sur les pratiques pédagogiques dans trois écoles élémentaires de Strasbourg
Authors: Redouani Abdessamad
Published: April 2021

Dans un contexte marqué par l’implantation des technologies éducatives dans les établissements scolaires en France et notamment l’équipement des écoles élémentaires par des Tableaux Blancs Interactifs (TBI), l’objectif de ce travail de recherche est d’étudier l’effet de l’usage pédagogique de ce dispositif sur les pratiques enseignantes à l’école élémentaire. Ce sont sept enseignants, dans trois écoles élémentaires publiques de Strasbourg, qui ont fait l’objet d’un suivi et d’une étude pour cette recherche. Deux instruments de collecte de données ont été utilisés : des entretiens semi-directifs individuels et des observations directes en classe. Les résultats montrent que l’usage du TBI induit des transformations dans les pratiques pédagogiques des professeurs des écoles. Ces résultats montrent également que le TBI n’est pas utilisé à son plein potentiel et qu’une mise en place des formations spécifiques est perçue par les enseignants comme étant un facteur favorisant l’exploitation de toutes les fonctionnalités du TBI.
Current State of Research on the Interaction of Theory on Tax Evasion and the Developments in the Field of Digital Tax Administration
Authors: Krieger Tina
Published: April 2021

Fairness in the sense of tax equality is a fundamental principle in modern tax systems, which needs to be protected for various reasons. This has become challenging for tax administrations – particularly in the digital age. On the one hand, digitalisation entails the danger of tax evasion and avoidance, but if used properly by the tax authorities, it may as well be a chance for more tax transparency. By surveying the existing literature on tax compliance in the context of digitalisation, this paper represents a first attempt to merge the rich research already done on the theory of tax evasion with the insights gained from the digitalisation efforts of tax administrations. The objective of this paper is to provide a solid starting point for further research in the area of digitalisation and fair taxation, addressing the research question: “How can digitalisation of the tax administrations contribute to fair taxation?” From the literature research, it became clear that there is no publication of a theoretical nature that systematically deals with the impact of the digitalisation of the tax administration on the objectives of fair taxation. However, our research revealed numerous literary references that provide a valuable starting point to unite the research streams and bridge the research gap identified.
The Essence of Arabic Rhetoric Contributions from Arabic-English Translation
Authors: Ahmed Almijrab Ramadan
Published: April 2021

In translation, the target text in general displays fewer linguistic variations than the source text, and its lexical and syntactic patterns incline to be copied, creating interference and standardization of the ST. Is a translation meant for audiences who are unable to comprehend the original text? Or is it saying the same thing again? These questions demonstrate the divergence of the audience in the domain of art. Yet any rendition, which tries to convey the function, cannot transmit anything but essential information. Does this mean that conveying the essential information represents the cause of inferior translation? Does the inferiority come as a result of the transfer of inaccurate content? This is the trademark of translationese. Is it true that traduttore, traditore? Does this really mean a translator is born not made? However, scholars engaged in a heated debate about what is generally regarded as the essential material of a literary work, what it contains in addition to information. Does it mean that we admit that literary work is profound and mysterious? Do we admit that literary work is poetic to the extent that it can only be reproduced by a translator only if he is also a poet? This will be true whenever a translation undertakes to serve its readerships. However, do we blame the translator if the original culture does not exist in the reader’s language and culture? In the present paper, we will attempt to lay a finger on the significance of achieving equivalence in literary translation within cultural implications that may block the translator. A primary of the place is assigned to البلاغة (Arabic rhetoric) as one of the cornerstones of Arabic.
Effect of Target Coating Thickness on the Abrasive Waterjet Machining Response of 8YSZ Segmented Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors:   Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin (Nonnendamm)/ Aachen / Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, Patgunarajah R. , Borrmann J. P. , Döring J. E. , Sharma A. ,   Siemens Energy Inc., Charlotte, NC, USA.
Published: April 2021

Segmented thermal barrier coatings (STBC) are a more strain-tolerant and erosion resistant alternative of the conventional porous thermal barrier coatings for hot gas components in gas turbines. Due to their relatively higher thermal conductivity and the ever-increasing turbine inlet temperature, there is a need for thicker STBCs. This paper presents an investigation of the microstructures and properties of STBCs with respect to coating thicknesses. Coatings with two significantly different thicknesses were fabricated under identical conditions and evaluated using standard metallographic methods. It was found that the microstructures for thin and thick coatings had subtle differences and hardness values decreased with in increasing thickness. When subjected to an abrasive waterjet machining process, the thicker STBCs showed a higher wear rate. A hypothesis is proposed to explain the observed thickness dependent changes and the microstructures and properties of STBCs.
The Cavitation Resistance of WC-CoCr Cermet Coating Deposited by HVOF for Hydraulic Application
Authors:   Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China, Huang Qian , Qin Enwei ,   Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China, Li Wenli ,   School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China., Wang Bo , Pan Chenyang ,   Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China, Wu Shuhui ,   Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China
Published: April 2021

Thermal spray is a versatile technique for enhancing the cavitation resistance of hydraulic water passage components, especially in on-site repair situation. Based on the application in hydraulic components, a WCCoCr cermet coating was deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying. The microstructure and hardness were characterized, and the cavitation was studied by ultrasonic vibratory system according to ASTM G32 standard. The coating shows superior anti-cavitation behavior in term of mass weight loss compared with the martensite stainless steel. The cavitation erosion mechanism is elaborated with wrinkles and craters observed on the worn surfaces, and correlated with the incubation and accelerating stages.