bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finite element approximation of steady flows of colloidal solutions
Authors: Bonito Andrea , Girault Vivette , Guignard Diane , Rajagopal Kumbakonam R. , Süli Endre
Published: August 2021

We consider the mathematical analysis and numerical approximation of a system of nonlinear partial differential equations that arises in models that have relevance to steady isochoric flows of colloidal suspensions. The symmetric velocity gradient is assumed to be a monotone nonlinear function of the deviatoric part of the Cauchy stress tensor. We prove the existence of a weak solution to the problem, and under the additional assumption that the nonlinearity involved in the constitutive relation is Lipschitz continuous we also prove uniqueness of the weak solution. We then construct mixed finite element approximations of the system using both conforming and nonconforming finite element spaces. For both of these we prove the convergence of the method to the unique weak solution of the problem, and in the case of the conforming method we provide a bound on the error between the analytical solution and its finite element approximation in terms of the best approximation error from the finite element spaces. We propose first a Lions–Mercier type iterative method and next a classical fixed-point algorithm to solve the finite-dimensional problems resulting from the finite element discretisation of the system of nonlinear partial differential equations under consideration and present numerical experiments that illustrate the practical performance of the proposed numerical method.
Therapie der diastolischen Herzinsuffizienz (HFpEF/HFmrEF): Lichtstreifen am Horizont?
Authors: von Scheidt Wolfgang
Published: August 2021

Eine evidenzbasierte medikamentöse Therapie der diastolischen Herzinsuffizienz (HFpEF/HFmrEF) ist bislang, im Gegensatz zur systolischen Herzinsuffizienz (HFrEF), nicht etabliert. Die ESC-Leitlinien 2016 empfehlen als einzige Substanzklasse Diuretika zur Symptomverbesserung. Betablocker, ACE-Hemmer, Angiotensin-Rezeptor-Blocker zeigen keinen belegten Nutzen im Vergleich zu Placebo. Mit Mineralokortikoid-Rezeptor-Antagonisten (MRA), Angiotensin-Rezeptor-Neprilysin-Inhibitor (ARNI)und SGLT2-Inhibitoren stehen 3 unterschiedliche Wirkmechanismen zur Verfügung, die bei HFpEF/HFmrEF bezüglich Letalität und Morbidität in randomisierten kontrollierten Studien geprüft wurden oder werden. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse sind ambivalent, in einigen Aspekten aber ermutigend. Spironolacton wird im Focused Update 2017 der ACC/AHA-Leitlinie zur Symptomverbesserung bei HFpEF zurückhaltend empfohlen (IIb B). Die FDA hat im Januar 2021 Sacubitril/Valsartan zur Therapie der HFpEF/HFmrEF (EF
unterhalb des Normalbereichs) zugelassen. Für die Therapie der ATTR-Amyloidose als seltene Ursache einer schweren Compliancestörung sind extrem kostenintensive Oligonukleotid-Substanzen verfügbar.
Intention und Relevanz des pflegerischen Entlassungsmanagements (auch) für die pflegerische Versorgung von Kindern
Authors: Dangel Bärbel
Published: August 2021

Mit dem „Expertenstandard Entlassungsmanagement“s teht ein verbindliches pflegefachliches Instrument zur Verfügung, das Versorgungskontinuität zu gewährleisten gestattet, den geregelten Anforderungen an die Versorgung entspricht und eine Option für pflegefachliche Entwicklung und Klientelorientierung eröffnet. In der pflegerischen Praxis ist meist unzureichend bekannt, dass eine sozial- und berufsrechtliche Verbindlichkeit zur Umsetzung der Expertenstandards besteht. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Bedeutung des pflegerischen Entlassungsmanagements im Hinblick auf die genannten Facetten.
Strukturierungshilfen für eine erfolgreiche Praxisanleitung
Authors: Straub Christine , Bode Sebastian , Dürkop Alexandra , Maier Christine , Wilcken Helena
Published: August 2021

Auf einer interprofessionellen Ausbildungsstation in der Pädiatrie wird für die Praxis-anleitung ein Beobachtungsbogen und ein Übergabeschema eingesetzt. So wird das Lernen und Arbeiten am Lernort Praxis „mit den Händen auf dem Rücken“ erfolgreich begleitet und gefördert.
Die neuen Reanimationsleitlinien sind da!
Authors: Bittner Sebastian
Published: August 2021

Alle Jahre wieder … na ja, nicht ganz. Alle fünf Jahre wieder erscheinen die internationalen Reanimationsleitlinien des European Resuscitation Council (ERC). Damit verbunden sind auch die Übersetzung ins Deutsche und die Veröffentlichung durch das German Resuscitation Council (GRC), dem Deutschen Rat für Wiederbelebung. Turnusmäßig wäre nach den letzten Leitlinien aus 2015 bereits 2020 die neue Auflage an der Reihe gewesen, doch auch hier sorgte die weltweite Pandemie für Herausforderungen und die Verschiebung in den März 2021. Gibt es Neuerungen? Verändern sich die Algorithmen? In diesem Artikel erhalten Sie die Antworten.
The Effects of Kinesio Taping with LASER Therapy to Improve on Pain Threshold, Blood Flow, and Balance Ability in Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kim Kyung-Hun , Kim Dong Hoon
Published: August 2021

Objective We investigated the effects of Kinesio Taping with Laser Therapy (KTLT) on the Pain threshold, Blood flow, and Balance ability of patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Methods A total of 32 patients were randomly divided into KTLT and Control (CON) group. KTLT group was performed 30 min three times a week for four weeks in low-level laser therapy (LLLT) treatment process with Taping. CON group performed 30 min three times a week for four weeks in sham LLLT treatment process with sham taping. To measure the oppressive pain threshold, Commander Algometer and for the measurement of the blood flow rate of the skin surface, a noninvasive approach, Laser Doppler imaging equipment was used and the standing balance ability test was performed by Center of Pressure (COP), Limited of Stability (LOS).

Results There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between before and after training in both groups, and KTLT group showed significant improvement in both groups.

Conclusions In this study, we confirmed KTLT on the Pain threshold, Blood flow, and Balance ability of Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis.
Serum Cotinine and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Cross-sectional Secondary Analysis of the nuMoM2b Heart Health Study
Authors: Theilen Lauren H. , McNeil Rebecca B. , Hunter Shannon , Grobman William A. , Parker Corette B. , Catov Janet M. , Pemberton Victoria L. , Ehrenthal Deborah B. , Haas David M. , Hoffman Matthew K. , Chung Judith H. , Mukhtar Farhana , Arzumanyan Zorayr , Mercer Brian , Parry Samuel , Saade George R. , Simhan Hyagriv N. , Wapner Ronald J. , Silver Robert M. ,   for the NHLBI nuMoM2b Heart Health Study Network
Published: August 2021

Objective We aimed to (1) compare serum cotinine with self-report for ascertaining smoking status among reproductive-aged women; (2) estimate the relative odds of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes among women by smoking status; (3) assess whether the association between adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and CV outcomes varies by smoking status.

Study Design We conducted a cross-sectional study of the nuMoM2b Heart Health Study. Women attended a study visit 2 to 7 years after their first pregnancy. The exposure was smoking status, determined by self-report and by serum cotinine. Outcomes included incident chronic hypertension (HTN), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and dyslipidemia. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) for each outcome by smoking status.

Results Of 4,392 women with serum cotinine measured, 3,610 were categorized as nonsmokers, 62 as secondhand smoke exposure, and 720 as smokers. Of 3,144 women who denied tobacco smoke exposure, serum cotinine was consistent with secondhand smoke exposure in 48 (1.5%) and current smoking in 131 (4.2%) After adjustment for APOs, smoking defined by serum cotinine was associated with MetS (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21, 1.91) and dyslipidemia (aOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.62). When stratified by nicotine exposure, nonsmokers with an APO in their index pregnancy had higher odds of stage 1 (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.03) and stage 2 HTN (aOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 2.17, 3.93), MetS (aOR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.42, 2.18), and dyslipidemia (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.91) relative to women with no APO. Results were similar when smoking exposure was defined by self-report.

Conclusion Whether determined by serum cotinine or self-report, smoking is associated with subsequent CV outcomes in reproductive-aged women. APOs are also independently associated with CV outcomes in women.

Key Points
Time resolved absolute extreme ultraviolet radiation measurement on the ENN XuanLong-50 spherical tokamak
Authors: Dai L. L. , Zhu Y. B. , Bai R. H. , Li Q. , Tao R. Y. , Liu L. C. , Ding J. B. , Ma F. , Zhao X. , Cheng S. K. , Huang X. L. , Liu M. S.
Published: August 2021

A plasma radiation measurement system for a wide spectral range, based on compact Absolute eXtreme UltraViolet (AXUV) silicon photodiodes, has been implemented on the newly constructed ENN XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) spherical tokamak. The system consists of two 16-channel AXUV16ELG arrays and one AXUV63HS1 single-cell detector mounted on ceramic sockets. The two arrays, facing toward the EXL-50 slim central post from two locations inside a top and a side ConFlat 400 port, have 32 view chords covering the interested plasma region in a poloidal cross section at toroidal 330°. The single-cell detector, seated on a retractable feedthrough, could be arranged flexibly with the help of an ultra-high vacuum compatible gate valve. The design details together with considerations on the EXL-50 specific engineering realities and physics requirements are described. Preliminary results from the EXL-50 2020 experimental campaign are presented.
Ultrashort pulse surface melting and smoothing: The impact of pulse spacing on heat accumulation and structure formation
Authors: Nyenhuis F. , Michalowski A. , L’huillier J.
Published: August 2021

Ultrashort laser pulses are often used in industrial manufacturing due to the small heat-affected zones they produce and their low melt formation. A contrasting approach aims to exploit the residual heat of successively applied laser pulses in combination with the material response. As a result of the heat accumulation within a burst, the formation of a melt film that is highly spatially and temporally confined is possible. Experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical heat-flow simulations are used to show the influence of the laser parameters on pulsed melting and surface structure formation. Special attention is paid to the temporal delay between the pulses. A comparison of the process on iron and titanium allows the influence of material properties to be considered.
On-demand light wave manipulation enabled by single-layer dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Guo Xuyue , Li Bingjie , Fan Xinhao , Zhong Jinzhan , Qi Shuxia , Li Peng , Liu Sheng , Wei Bingyan , Zhao Jianlin
Published: August 2021

Dielectric metasurfaces have been widely developed as ultra-compact photonic elements based on which prominent miniaturized devices of general interest, such as spectrometers, achromatic lens, and polarization cameras, have been implemented. With metasurface applications taking off, realizing versatile manipulation of light waves is becoming crucial. Here, by detailedly analyzing the light wave modulation principles raising from an individual meta-atom, we discuss the minimalist design strategy of dielectric metasurfaces for multi-dimensionally manipulating light waves, including parameter and spatial dimensions. As proof-of-concepts, those on-demand manipulations in different dimensions and their application potentials are exemplified by metasurfaces composed of polycrystalline silicon rectangle nanopillars. This framework provides basic guidelines for the flexible design of functionalized metasurfaces and the expansion of their applications as well as implementation approaches of more abundant light wave manipulations and applications using hybrid structures.
Tuning the performance of ferroelectric polymer-based triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Singh Huidrom Hemojit , Kumar Dheeraj , Khare Neeraj
Published: August 2021

Triboelectric nanogenerators are devices that can transform mechanical energy into electrical energy, and regulating their performance is critical for energy harvesting applications and other applications where they act as sensors. In the present work, we have fabricated a ferroelectric PVDF-NaNbO3 nanocomposite film-based triboelectric nanogenerator and demonstrated a large tuning (64%) of the output of the triboelectric nanogenerator by adjusting its electrical polarization state. The triboelectric nanogenerator fabricated using a negatively polarized PVDF-NaNbO3 nanocomposite film has an instantaneous output power of 0.17 mW, which is significantly higher than the triboelectric nanogenerator fabricated using a positively polarized PVDF-NaNbO3 nanocomposite film, which has an output power of 0.06 mW. Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements were carried out to explore the cause of the change in the output with the change in the polarization state of the films. The work function of the PVDF-NaNbO3 film is found to change with the polarization of the film, which resulted in the change in the output. More explanation of the effect of the polarization state on the performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator has been presented using an electronic energy level diagram of the contacting materials. The current work demonstrated the advantage of using ferroelectric polymers for triboelectric nanogenerator applications, because the output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator can be tuned as per requirement.
Effects of volume fraction and particle shape on the rheological properties of oblate spheroid suspensions
Authors: Guo Junwei , Zhou Qi , Wong Ron Chik-Kwong
Published: August 2021

Coupled lattice Boltzmann and discrete element methods were employed to investigate the rheological properties of oblate spheroid suspensions in a Newtonian fluid. The volume fraction of the particles is varied along with the particle aspect ratio. As the particle shape is varied from sphere to oblate, we observe an increase in the relative viscosity as well as an increase in the particle contacts and the contact distance. The more oblate particles in denser suspensions are observed to reorient systematically subject to the shear flow. We recast the viscosity data using the Krieger–Dougherty formula and report the modified Einstein coefficients.
Stability of the flow due to a linear stretching sheet
Authors: Griffiths P. T. , Stephen S. O. , Khan M.
Published: August 2021

In this article, we consider the linear stability of the two-dimensional flow induced by the linear stretching of a surface in the streamwise direction. The basic flow is a rare example of an exact analytical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations. Using results from a large Reynolds number asymptotic study and a highly accurate spectral numerical method, we show that this flow is linearly unstable to disturbances in the form of Tollmien–Schlichting waves. Previous studies have shown that this flow is linearly stable. However, our results show that this is only true for Görtler-type disturbances.
Review of Scientific Instruments New Products
Authors: Mandelis Andreas
Published: August 2021

In order to supplement manufacturers’ information, this department will welcome the submission by our readers of brief communications reporting measurements on the physical properties of materials, which supersede earlier data or suggests new research applications.
Inertially enhanced mass transport using 3D-printed porous flow-through electrodes with periodic lattice structures
Authors: Beck Victor A. , Ivanovskaya Anna N. , Chandrasekaran Swetha , Forien Jean-Baptiste , Baker Sarah E. , Duoss Eric B. , Worsley Marcus A.
Published: August 2021

Significance

The efficient utilization of electrical energy is an increasingly important challenge, especially as renewable energy sources become cheaper and demand increases. Electrochemical reactors utilizing flow-through electrodes (FTEs) provide an attractive path toward the efficient utilization of electrical energy. Their commercial viability and ultimate adoption hinge on attaining high current densities to drive cost competitiveness. There are limited opportunities for engineering FTE materials, as these are often random, disordered media. Alternatively, three-dimensional (3D)–printed FTEs provide the opportunity to quickly explore the impact of engineered electrode architectures on device performance. We demonstrate that 3D-printed FTEs have the potential to exceed the performance of conventional materials by using the expanded design freedom to engineer the internal flow.
A self-exciting point process to study multicellular spatial signaling patterns
Authors: Verma Archit , Jena Siddhartha G. , Isakov Danielle R. , Aoki Kazuhiro , Toettcher Jared E. , Engelhardt Barbara E.
Published: August 2021

Significance

Cells are under constant pressure to integrate information from both their environment and internal cellular processes. However, these effects often use the same signaling pathways, making autonomous and coupled signaling difficult to decouple from one another. Here, we present a statistical modeling framework, the cellular point process (CPP), that decouples these two modes of signaling using videos of living, actively signaling cells as input. Our model reveals modulation of autonomous and coupled signaling parameters in a number of contexts ranging from pharmacological treatment to wound healing that were previously unavailable. The CPP enhances our understanding of cellular information processing and can be extended to a wide range of systems.
Erwinia ananas. [Distribution map].
Authors:   UK, CAB International
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for Erwinia ananas Serr. Hosts: Pineapple (Ananas comosus).
Aphis gossypii
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Aphis gossypii
Glover (
Doralis frangulae
[Aphis frangulae]
Kalt.,
Cerosipha gossypii
[Aphis gossypii]
(Glov.)) (Hemipt. Aphididae) (Cotton Aphis, Melon Aphis). Host Plants: polyphagous, especially cotton and Cucurbits. Vector of crinkle, mosaic, rosette and other virus diseases. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Azores, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Afghanistan, Bonin Islands, Burma, Ceylon, China, Cyprus, Gaza, Strip, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippine Islands, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Arabian Protectorates, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen Arab Republic, USSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Angola, Burundi, Cameroun, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Dahomey, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Madeira, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Rhodesia, St. Helena, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Upper Volta, Zambia, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Caroline Islands, Fiji, Gilbert Islands, Hawaii, Johnston Island, Kermadec Island, Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Papua & New Guinea, Phoenix Islands, Pitcairn Island, Samoa, Society Islands, Tokelau Islands, Tonga, Wallis Island, Irian Jaya, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Mexico, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, Costa Rica, Salvador, Vicente, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua Panama, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.
Myiopardalis pardalina
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Myiopardalis pardalina
(Big.) (Dipt., Trypetidae) (Baluchistan Melon Fly) Hosts: Cucurbits. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA (excl.USSR), Afghanistan, Cyprus, India, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Pakistan, Persia, Syria, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Senegal.
Scrobipalpa heliopa
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Scrobipalpa heliopa
(Lower) (=
Gnorimoschema heliopa
(Lower)) (Lep., Gelechiidae) (Tobacco Stem-borer, Eggplant Budworm). Host Plants: Cultivated and wild tobacco, eggplant. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Greece, ASIA, Burma, Ceylon, China, Cyprus, India, Indonesia, Israel, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, AFRICA, Comoro Islands, Congo (Kinshasa), Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rhodesia, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, AUSTRALASIA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, Papua & New Guinea, Western Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Wallis Islands.
Diarthronomyia chrysanthemi
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Diarthronomyia chrysanthemi
Ahlberg (
D. hypogaea
F. Lw.) (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae) (Chrysanthemum Midge). Host Plants: Chrysanthemum,
Achillea, Senecio
. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Britain, Channel Islands, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Northern, Sweden, Switzerland, AUSTRALASIA, New Zealand, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.
Leptocorisa acuta
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Leptocorisa acuta
(Thunb.) (L.
varicornis
F.) (Hemipt., Coreidae). Host Plants: Rice, wild grasses. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bhutan, Burma, Ceylon, China, Fukien, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaya, Pakistan, Philippine Islands, Sabah, Sarawak, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Papua and New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Irian Jaya.
Agrilus planipennis
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: August 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Agrilus planipennis
Fairmaire. Coleoptera: Buprestidae. Main hosts:
Fraxinus
spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Russia, Central Russia, Russian Far East and Southern Russia), Asia (China, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Mongolia and Taiwan) and North America (Canada, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin).
Older people’s dialogue about loneliness and social support: a cross-cultural qualitative study conducted in Spain and South Africa (Diálogo entre las personas mayores sobre la soledad y el apoyo social: un estudio cualitativo transcultural en España y Sudáfrica)
Authors: Alhambra-Borrás Tamara , Blouws Tarryn A. , Gil-Salmerón Alejandro , Durá-Ferrandis Estrella , Z. Kalula Sebastiana
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to explore and gain insight from the dialogue and subjective perception of older people about loneliness and social support using a cross-cultural approach. A total of six focus groups with 43 community-dwelling older adults were conducted in two different cultural contexts: the Spanish and the South African. Data were analysed around two key topics — loneliness and social support — using methods of thematic analysis. Findings around the topic of loneliness showed that participants from both countries agreed that loneliness was a subjective feeling and a negative experience. Besides, solitude emerged in the focus groups discussions as a pleasant and desired experience. As for social support, the lack of it was seen as the most frequent risk factor for loneliness. Differences among both countries were found on the key sources of social support. Spanish participants identified the family as the major source of social support, while among South African participants the community was presented as a main source of social support. We concluded that considering these cultural aspects and social support perceptions when developing programmes and strategies aimed at alleviating loneliness may lead to an increase in the effectiveness of these kinds of interventions, and thus to more positive outcomes.
Effect of sliding velocity on the wear behavior of HVOF sprayed Al2O3coating
Authors: Tyagi Ankit , Raj Jitendra , Chourasia Shubhangi , Meena SL , Pandey SM , Murtaza Qasim , Walia R.S. , Kumar Ajay
Published: August 2021

In present study, Al2O3coating has been deposited on steel substrate using HVOF process in controlled process parameters. For surface analysis SEM characterization was used to characterize the developed coating. Residual stresses, hardness, wear and COF are studied at variable sliding velocity of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 m/s. It is observed that with increased sliding velocity its residual stresses, hardness, wear and COF was enhanced i.e. at 0.4 m/s, wear and coefficient of friction decreased to a value of 90 microns and 0.3, whereas its hardness was 490 HV and residual stresses was -15 MPa, increased at sliding velocity. This showed the sliding velocity dependency of the coating, with increased in sliding velocity, the coating showed better results.
Development of a thermal-visible video surveillance system based on fractional order tv-model
Authors: Kumar Pushpendra
Published: August 2021

Detection and tracking of moving objects in video are an active and challenging research area of computer vision devoted to the applications of video surveillance. The several environmental conditions such as dark, foggy, snowing and rainy, and open-ended goals of the problem motivate to develop a robust surveillance system that based on the thermal-visible video spectrum fusion. However, visible-visible and thermal-thermal spectrum based surveillance model show insufficiency under such conditions. The detection of moving objects is performed by means of optical flow. This paper presents a novel fractional order total variation (TV) model in the estimation of optical flow. In particular, the presented fractional order TV-model is designed by generalizing an integer order total variation model formed by using a combination of total variation and quadratic regularization terms. However, it is challenging to solve such complex minimization problem due to the non-differentiability nature of fractional order TV-term. The fractional order derivative is discretized using the Grünwald-Letnikov derivative. The primal-dual algorithm is used as an iterative scheme to solve the resulting formulation. Finally, a number of experimental results on a fusion of visible-visible, thermal-thermal and visible-thermal video spectrum demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.
Fault Identification and Classification in Motorcycle Engine Using Acoustic Emission Signal and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Sahoo Sudarsan , Laskar Ruhul Amin , Chakraborty Sudipta
Published: August 2021

When the engine of a motor-cycle goes into its defective stage, it affects the performance of the motorcycle and hence decreases its efficiency. Therefore, for the smooth running of the motorcycle, the health monitoring of its engine is very essential which increases its life and efficiency. Acoustic emission signature from the motorcycle engine is a measuring parameter to identify the faults in the engine. During its healthy stage, the motor vehicle engines generate a specific acoustic emission signature. But when the engine goes into the defective stage then a significant change in these acoustic emission signature occurs. This change can be used to diagnose the defects in motor engines. The objective of this work is to diagnose the faults in the motorcycle engine using statistical and time-frequency analysis of the acoustic emission signal and then classify the faults using machine learning classifiers. In this experimental work, an instrumentation system is used to acquire the acoustic emission signal from the engines under different conditions. Then the statistical parameters from the acoustic signatures are computed and compared to identify the faults. The wavelet analysis of the acquired acoustic emission signal is also done to diagnose the faults. The classifiers are used to classify the faults by using the statistical parameters as its input. At first stage, the experimental set-up is developed to acquire acoustic emission signatures from the healthy and defective engines. In second stage, signal analysis using statistical and wavelet signal processing technique is done to identify the faults in the engine and in the third stage, the faults in the engine are classified using the machine learning techniques. The result of the proposed work shows that the classification accuracy of the random forest classifier is better than the decision tree classifier. The novelty of the proposed work is that the wavelet analysis along with machine learning technique is used to diagnose the faults in the engine
Perspective of wireless sensor networks towards Environment: Gaps and Challenges
Authors: Rajshree  , Passi Abhiruchi , Soni M.K.
Published: August 2021

Wireless sensor networks have a huge number of applications in the environment for sensing and broadcasting the information at very low cost. Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of nodes which are deployed in close proximity to the phenomenon to be monitored. The wireless sensor network is comprised of computing, communication and sensing elements which gives the opportunity to the administrator to an object, sense and an instrument in the events in a specified environment. They are popular due to unique and advance property of wireless sensor but they have fundamental problems like limited battery life, overhearing, coverage area, node deployment, blindness and much more This paper will address various issues related to wireless sensor networks in environmental field The various challenges comprehended in wireless sensor network while constructing the deployment algorithms and communication protocols are coverage area, efficient data gathering, sensor lifetime and overhearing.
An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Forecasting Ebola Disease
Authors: Soni Umang , Gupta Nishu , Sakshi
Published: August 2021

The abrupt explosion of the Ebola virus in 2014 in Western Africa was one of the world’s most widespread and deadliest epidemics with the highest number of casualties being reported in the regions of West and Central Africa. Ebola, a fatal hemorrhagic fever syndrome, is caused by the Ebola virus (EBOV). The World Health Organization proclaimed the disease as a world healthcare crisis. In most of the cases, the patients are known to have died before the antibodies could respond. This indicates the need to improve upon the diagnosis and prediction techniques available for this disease. This paper aims to analyze and improve upon the accuracy of the prediction systems for the Ebola disease using several inputs. The input relies on the symptoms shown by the patient during the early stages of the disease. The data mining techniques employed to carry out this research include Decision Trees; Bagging classifier, KNN, Support Vector Machine, Stochastic Gradient Descent classifier, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting classifier, Ridge Classifier, and Hybrid Neural Networks. The hybrid models recommended in this study include the use of classifiers, namely, Stochastic Gradient Descent, Random Forest and KNN classifier. The experimental results show the accuracy obtained by each classification technique and the hybrid models that were applied to the dataset.
Mental Stress Detection Using Artificial Intelligence Models
Authors: Dham Vishal , Rai Kirtiman , Soni Umang
Published: August 2021

Stress is a natural and common occurrence in humans. It leads to the release of hormones which help deal with the situation, but chronic stress affects our health and could lead to deleterious effects like depression, insomnia or headaches and therefore, early detection of stress becomes imperative to prevent such harmful consequences. This manuscript aims to automate the process of mental stress detection and help classify a stressed individual from a normal one through the use of physiological data collected from a wearable device. A publicly available dataset was used to evaluate our solution. Different Artificial Intelligence models like Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Hybrid of Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine (ANN-SVM), Stacking Classifier and Radial Basis Function (RBF) Network were used, and their performance was compared using the accuracy of predicting correct stress state. During the study, Stacking Classifier gave the highest accuracy value of 99.92% while the RBF gave the least accuracy of 84.46% for three class classification of stress. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed models in continuous monitoring of mental stress. The experimental results serve to demonstrate that the physiological signals can have a significant appositeness in mental stress detection.
An automatic procedure for crop mapping using agricultural monitoring
Authors: Vijayalakshmi R , Thangamani M , Ganthimathi M , Ranjitha M , Malarkodi P
Published: August 2021

IoT and Machine Learning are emerging techniques used in existing days. Agriculture plays a vital role in human survival. Mapping crop according to the current environment is important to improve agriculture. pH sensors, dielectric soil moisture Sensors, mechanical sensors, optical sensors, electro-chemical sensors and air flow sensors are used in this proposed system to gather data about the soil and supervised Learning associated with Association algorithm are used to analyze and predict which crop maps to the soil in the present circumstances. Ensemble Technique is integrated to make accurate classification to select the type of crop. Technology combining both IoT and Machine learning are used to improve the production of the crop which proportionally helps to improve the agricultural yield.
Water Wave Optimization Based Data Clustering Model
Authors: Kaur Arvinder , Kumar Yugal
Published: August 2021

This paper presents data clustering model by adopting water wave optimization (WWO) algorithm. In recent times, metaheuristics have gained significance to improve the efficiency of clustering algorithms. Cluster accuracy results express the effectiveness of the clustering algorithm. In this work, WWO is adopted to improve the accuracy for data clustering. On the basis of WWO, clustering model has been proposed. The proposed algorithm aims to improve data clustering accuracy. Several standard datasets from UCI repository are considered for assessing the simulation results and results are evaluated using accuracy and f-score. The Friedman test is applied for statistical analysis to validate the proposed model. Experimental results proved that proposed clustering model succeeds to achieve higher accuracy rate.
Recent Developments in Bat Algorithm: A Mini Review
Authors: Kaur Arvinder , Kumar Yugal
Published: August 2021

In present time, meta-heuristic algorithms have been widely adopted for solving diverse classes of optimization problems. These procedures/algorithms have advantage over classical algorithms due to strong exploration and exploitation capabilities. In recent time, a Bat algorithm is developed on the basis of echolocation characteristics of bat. This algorithm has applicability to solve number of constrained and unconstrained optimization problems. The bat algorithm gives state of art results as compared to same class of metaheuristics. The objective of this paper is to explore bat algorithm in terms of modifications, improvements, search strategies and nature of problems being solved. Hence, this paper presents the mini review on bat algorithm. Further, the applicability of bat algorithm in diverse filed has been discussed.
VG3 Cipher for Secure Image Transmission
Authors: Kaushik A , Thada V , Singh J
Published: August 2021

The rampant growth of Internet and communication has revolutionized the way people communicate and it has led to rapid enhancement in modern information warfare. The world around us requires the information security more than ever before due to copious reasons primarily being the importance of financial and personal data which can be utilized by the malicious hackers to gain undue advantage. Out of innumerable methodologies available for data safeguarding, cryptography has always been an indispensable tool. However, the changing ways of cyber-attacks demand an upgraded cryptographic version that can handle potential attacks on media of myriad data types. This paper proposes one such encrypting technique which is based on biological methods and used principally for the encoding of digital images based on amalgamation of DNA encryption and Rubik’s cube.
A state-of-art review on Bladeless Wind Turbine
Authors: Tandel R , Shah S , Tripathi S
Published: August 2021

As a result of continuous depletion of non-renewable energy sources, new methods of harvesting energy are being developed. A unique way of harvesting wind energy, namely Bladeless Wind Turbine (BWT) is discussed in this paper. It differs from conventional turbine by harvesting energy through Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) which is safe and quiet in operation. It has no bearings, gears or any rotating device hence it has low maintenance cost and high life. The scope of BWT as the renewable energy source varies from offshore to wind farms considering the availability of high intensity winds. BWT is a trio of diverse engineering branches: Electrical Engineering, Fluid Dynamics and Mechanics of Solids that often makes it nonlinear as well as complex. This article includes a basis for vortex-induced vibrations, dynamic modelling, components of BWT and energy harvesting unit. Optimum shape to harvest the energy is outlined in combination with mathematical model of the turbine. Various modes to harness vibrational energy, including different orientations and surface extensions, to widen the operating range and increase performance are covered in the review. This paper is a complete outline of BWT which shows the advancement of technology from VIV to commercially available products.
Computer Aided Design of Tractor operated Pea Pod Picker
Authors: Bhad R , Goyal R , Singh M , Jain L , Singh S
Published: August 2021

India isn’t just the biggest consumer of green peas, yet in addition it takes second place in worldwide green pea cultivation, following China. The area under peas in India was 540.5 thousand hectares in 2017-18. Presently, green pea crop is cultivated on approximate thirty-five thousand hectares in Punjab. Out of this 90% area is cultivated under early maturing variety of green pea. Picking of green pea is labor intensive. Therefore, to lower the involvement of manual labor, mechanized picking of pod is required. A conceptual design of tractor operated pea pod picker was done by keeping in view the harvesting of AP-3 pea variety and agronomic practices. Based upon review, important operational and design parameters were selected for the study. A computer aided design of pea pod picker was done. All the sub-assemblies like crop guide, picking drum, belt conveyor and aspirator were created using Creo 3.0 software (Make: PTC Creo) at PAU, Ludhiana. Based upon 2D drawings, a tractor operated pea pod picker was developed and fabricated.
Hypergraph based Unsupervised Contextual Pattern Learning and Anomaly Detection for Global Terrorism Data
Authors: Toshniwal Akanksha , Mahesh Kavi , Jayashree R
Published: August 2021

In a dataset, an event which deviates from the rest of the dataset is a rare event. This rare event can be intrusion or any suspicious activity in the system and is called an anomaly. These anomalies are important to detect because this may be any terrorist attack, outbreak of the disease, malfunctioning or fraud in the system. Anomalies are the deviation from the normal patterns in the dataset. It is important to learn the normal patterns in order to identify the deviation. Labelled data in real life anomaly detection is not available due to rarity of anomalies. It is challenging to identify anomalous combinations and combinatorial patterns of feature instances using conventional machine learning algorithms. We introduce Hypergraph based Unsupervised Contextual Pattern Learning and Anomaly Detection (HUCPLAD) technique for unlabeled datasets and implemented on Global Terrorism Data (GTD). HUCPLAD gets rid of the curse of dimensionality, maintains hierarchy, learns the contextual pattern, detects contextual anomalies and measures the behavior of co-occurring events.
Class Schedule Generation using Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Kakkar Mohit Kumar , Singla Jajji , Garg Neha , Gupta Gourav , Srivastava Prateek , Kumar Ajay
Published: August 2021

Timetabling problem is known as an NP-hard problem that centres around finding an optimized allocation of subjects onto a finite available number of slots and spaces. It is perhaps the most challenging issues looked by colleges around the globe. Every academic institution faces a problem when preparing courses and exam plans. There are many restrictions raised while preparing a timetable. This paper proposed a method based on the evolutionary algorithms to solve the constrained timetable problem, which helps to create theory as well as lab schedule for universities. A smart adaptive mutation scheme is used to speed up convergence and chromosome format is also problem specific. Here in this paper two algorithms are compared in respect of Timetabling problems. Using GA (Genetic Algorithm) and MA (Memetic algorithm), we optimised the output by selecting the best solution from the available options to present a comprehensive curriculum system.
Improving Crisis Event Detection Rate in Online Social Networks Twitter Stream using Apache Spark
Authors: Bhuvaneswari A , Jayanthi R , Lakshmi Meena A
Published: August 2021

Microblogging is a vital emerging practice among the online users for disseminating information about onset events to establish and enable the fastest communication. In specific, event detection in Twitter streams is a critical task due to continuous scrutiny of stream of events which tremendously demands the instantaneous discovery of anomalies happen on an extensive period of time and spatial information. Event detection and tracking during crisis in huge Twitter stream undergoes critical trials, such as the dynamic feature patterns, imbalanced samples on keywords, hashtags, temporal and spatial geographic heterogeneity in location-of-interest. In this research article, onset event detection framework using topic modelling is proposed in streaming window that addresses dynamic feature patterns challenges. The experiments are carried out in Apache Spark Latent Dirichlet Allocation technique i.e., S-LDA algorithm in Spark environment, which process non-probabilistic streaming dynamic featured corpus. The onset event topics are validated with high accuracy. The proposed system takes dispensation time delay for processing the initial data stream containing tweets is after 192 ms. The system averagely confirms the event detection after 75-100 milliseconds in comparing with its real timestamps.
Optimization of process parameters for Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate of H13 die tool steel for wire EDM using Taguchi Technique
Authors: Deshwal Monika , Deshwal Dinesh , Kumar Pardeep , Bhardwaj Vishnu
Published: August 2021

In this paper, Study on Material expulsion rate and Surface Roughness of H13 die tool using Wire cut EDM process is focused. H 13 chromium hot work steel is far and wide used in hot and freezing work tooling purpose. Due to its excellent amalgamation of high robustness and fatigue resistance H13 is used more than any supplementary tool steel in tooling applications. The H-13 hot die-hard substance dimension 103.70 mm x 13.95 mm has been utilized as a work section substance in favor of the current research, wire electrode of brass having standard diameter 0.25 mm is used as electrode. Four Parameters (TON, TOFF, WF and voltage) are chose to consider its impact on cutting rate and surface harshness. Taguchi Plan of technique is used in the experimentation & analyze by Minitab 15 programming. Observations brings voltage is the most noteworthy boundaries on SR where Ton and Toff are less critical and also observed that MRR amplify with enhance in Ton and WF and diminish on escalating of Vg and Toff.
Enhancing students’ level of thinking skills through integrative multi-Modal strategy in teaching mathematics
Authors: Asotigue A B
Published: August 2021

Mathematics teaching requires an in-depth content knowledge and skills in the delivery of the lessons. This study determine the effects of using the Integrative Multi-Modal Strategy (IMSS) on the level of thinking skills of two intact sections of third year high school students. The subjects of the study were carefully matched in pairs according to their previous grades in Math and English. A combined quantitative and qualitative method of research was employed. A researcher-made test consisted of a – 12 item open-ended problems in Mathematical Thinking Skills Test (MTST) was used. It was administered successively to both groups prior to the experimental instruction. Results showed that the difference in mean ranks in the level of thinking skills of the experimental and control group was found to be significant. The experimental group posted higher achievement in the MTST as compared to the control group. The overall performance of the experimental group in the MTST is better and attained the developed level of mathematical thinking. This strategy as used in a mathematics classroom, provides teachers the opportunity to develop IMMS activities that enhance students’ level of thinking skills.
Applying Mamdani’s method to categorize mathematical literacy of public middle school students in Kupang
Authors: Fointuna D W
Published: August 2021

The study objective was to describe the application of Mamdani’s fuzzy inference method to the categorization of public middle school students’ mathematical literacy in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Having been done not only because of the low achievement of Indonesian 15-year-old students in PISA, but the research has also become the answer to the lack of surveys regarding students’ mathematical literacy in Kupang. Consequently, this study provides valid and actual data that the government should refer to. As many as 377 respondents of ninth-grade students from public schools were selected using a two-stage cluster randomized sampling so that they could best represent six districts in Kupang. Their ability was evaluated by fifteen math literacy problems adopted from PISA 2012 and the products of some development research; as a result, the reliability could be assured. At the fuzzification stage, scores obtained from three process domains of math literacy: formulating, employing, and interpreting, became the crisp input since those domains were the input variables. After being analyzed, the scores then produced crisp output indicating student mathematical literacy–as the output variable–at the defuzzification stage. Overall, public middle school students’ mathematical literacy in Kupang was classified as a low group.