bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance appraisal of Hamilton-Crosser and Yamada-Ota hybrid nanofluid flow models over a stretching cylinder with hall current and particle shape effectiveness
Authors: Ramzan Muhammad , Gul Hina , Ghazwani Hassan Ali S. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Abbas Mohamed , Saleel C. Ahamed
Published: October 2022

Hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) are a new breed of nanofluids that possess numerous tempting applications encompassing microfluidics, transportation, defense, medical, etc. The objective of this novel exploration is to inspect the behavior of Hamilton–Crosser (H-C) and Yamada–Ota (Y-O) HNF flow models past a stretching cylinder. The H-C model is also used to gauge which particle shape (blade, platelet, cylinder, brick) is more effective in the improvement of the heat transfer rate. The envisioned flow is influenced by the Hall current, Cattaneo–Christov (C-C) heat flux and variable thermal conductivity (TC). The uniqueness of the projected model is the notion of a heterogeneous reaction sprouting on the surface of the cylinder in the presence of an absorbent medium. Owing to this supposition, the chemical reaction occurs in the least possible time. The proposed model’s novelty lies in the consideration of the surface catalyzed reaction in the HNF flow models past a stretching cylinder amalgamated with the unique impacts of the Hall current, C-C heat flux and variable TC. The thermal performance of the two renowned models H-C and Y-O is also evaluated. The MATLAB software bvp4c technique is used for numerical outcomes of this coupled system. The analysis depicts that the performance of the Y-O HNF flow model is far above the H-C HNF flow model. It is also inferred from the results that blade-shaped nanoparticles possess higher TC than the other nanoparticles. The heat transfer rate for blade-shaped nanoparticles is stronger than the other nanoparticles. The fluid concentration reduces for higher surface-catalyzed reaction parameter. The corroboration of the proposed model is also given in this study. The comparative results disclosed that in the case of the magnetic parameter [Formula: see text] the minimum error percentage is 0.015% for [Formula: see text] and permeability parameter [Formula: see text] the least error percentage is 0.037% for [Formula: see text]
Numerical simulation of the fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Partohaghighi Mohammad , Yusuf Abdullahi , Jarad Fahd , Sulaiman Tukur A. , Alquran Marwan
Published: October 2022

During this paper, a specific type of fractal-fractional diffusion equation is presented by employing the fractal-fractional operator. We present a reliable and accurate operational matrix approach using shifted Chebyshev cardinal functions to solve the considered problem. Also, an operational matrix for the considered derivative is obtained from basic functions. To solve the introduced problem, we convert the main equation into an algebraic system by extracting the operational matrix methods. Graphs of exact and approximate solutions along with error graphs are presented. These figures show how the introduced approach is reliable and accurate. Also, tables are established to illustrate the values of solutions and errors. Finally, a comparison of the solutions at a specific time is given for each test problem.
Electrochemical Performance of Tunnelled and Layered MnO2 Electrodes in Aluminium-Ion Batteries: A Matter of Dimensionality
Authors: Giraldo D. A. , Almodóvar P. , Álvarez-Serrano I. , Chacón J. , López M.L.
Published: October 2022

Electrochemical activity of different MnO2 phases as electrodes of aluminium-ion batteries (AIBs) is studied. For this purpose, different simple synthesis routes have been carried out to obtain different structures and morphologies: rod-like with tunnelled structure (α-MnO2) and hexagonal micro-pellets with lamellar structure (δ-MnO2). α-MnO2 showed an outstanding capacity (Q) of 120 mA h g−1 at current densities of 100 mA g−1, which remained stable after 100 cycles with efficiencies over 90%. δ-MnO2 showed a good Q of 80 mA h g−1 at current densities of 50 mA g−1 after 50 cycles with efficiencies over 95%. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements at different rates allowed for a better understanding of the electrochemical behaviour and revealed the contribution relation of diffusive and capacitive-controlled mechanisms in the corresponding AIB system. Besides, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements at different rates allowed a kinetic study of the diffusive and capacitive-controlled mechanisms. Conclusions were obtained regarding the dimensionality of α-MnO2 (1D) and δ-MnO2 (2D) and their electrochemical behaviour in AIBs−1
In-Operando Neutron Diffraction Investigation of Structural Transitions during Lithiation of Si Electrode in Li-Ion Battery
Authors: Srinivasan R. , Chandran K. S. Ravi , Chen Y. , An K.
Published: October 2022

A major challenge for Si negative electrodes in Li-ion batteries is how to accommodate the large lithiation-induced volume expansion and prevent electrode fragmentation, such that impressive Li storage capacity of Si can be exploited in practice. Electrochemically etched Si mesoporous electrodes have significant potential in this context. This research is focused on an optimum mesoporous Si electrode structure that shows a very high energy storage density, electrochemically cycling well without cracking or fragmentation. To explore the factors causing the superior performance, this study performed in-operando neutron diffraction experiments on optimized electrode during lithiation-delithiation cycles in a simple in-situ electrochemical cell. It is shown that an unusual diffraction phenomenon arises from lithiation-induced expansion of Si leading to the development of mosaic structure in Si. This new phenomenon appears to arise from the increased contribution of kinematic diffraction from the lithiated Si, relative to the conventional dynamic diffraction. This is also supported by changes in diffraction intensities directly synchronizing with the volume changes in Si during lithiation-delithiation cycle. The in-operando experiments explain why the optimum mesoporous Si electrode possesses a high specific capacity without electrode fragmentation. The present findings can help to improve Si electrode designs for high energy density Li-ion batteries.
Mathematical Analysis of the Prey‐Predator System with Immigrant Prey Using the Soft Computing Technique
Authors: Khan Naveed Ahmad , Sulaiman Muhammad , Seidu Jamel , Alshammari Fahad Sameer
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a mathematical model for the system of prey‐predator with immigrant prey has been analyzed to find an approximate solution for immigrant prey population density, local prey population density, and predator population density. Furthermore, we present a novel soft computing technique named LeNN‐WOA‐NM algorithm for solving the mathematical model of the prey‐predator system with immigrant prey. The proposed algorithm uses a function approximating ability of Legendre polynomials based on Legendre neural networks (LeNNs), global search ability of the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and a local search mechanism of the Nelder–Mead algorithm. The LeNN‐WOA‐NM algorithm is applied to study the effect of variations on the growth rate, the force of interaction, and the catching rate of local prey and immigrant prey. The statistical data obtained by the proposed technique establish the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm when compared with techniques in the latest literature. The efficiency of solutions obtained by LeNN‐WOA‐NM is validated through performance measures including absolute errors, MAD, TIC, and ENSE.
A Neonatal Patient Diagnosed with a COL4A1 Mutation Presenting with Hemorrhagic Infarction and Severe Jaundice
Authors: Kirimura Akihiro , Yasuhara Hajime , Hachisuka Soshi , Takagi Kumiko , Ebisu Reiko , Ohgitani Ayako , Minowa Hideki
Published: October 2022

We report a patient diagnosed with a COL4A1 mutation in the early postnatal period. Patients with early postnatal jaundice, intracranial lesions that are negative for TORCH syndrome, and recurrent hemolytic anemia should be suspected of having a COL4A1/COL4A2 gene mutation.
The Study of Structural, Optical, and Dielectric Properties of Magnesium Chloride-Doped Triglycine Sulphate Ferroelectric Single Crystals
Authors: Alemu Dessale , Firehun Shita , Abza Tizazu , Peter M. Esthaku
Published: October 2022

Triglycine sulphate (TGS) and 1 and 2 mol% of magnesium chloride-doped TGS single crystals have been grown by using the slow evaporation solution method at room temperature. Pure and magnesium chloride-doped triglycine sulphate single crystals in a dimension of 12 × 12 × 5 cm3 have been grown at room temperature. The grown samples have been investigated by various characterization techniques such as single crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS/NIR spectroscopy, dielectric studies, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The single crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that both 1 and 2 mol% of MgCl2-doped TGS single crystals have been crystallized in monoclinic crystal structure with space group P21/m. The UV-VI/NIR spectra analysis confirmed that both pure and 1 and 2 mol% of MgCl2-doped TGS single crystals have wide optical transparency in the wavelength range of 236–1100 nm. The bandgap energy of both samples has been found to be 5.25 eV. The dielectric properties of the grown samples were recorded by measuring the dielectric constant as a function of temperature from 45 to 55°C with various frequencies (100 Hz – 1 MHz). The dielectric studies revealed that the dielectric constants of 1 and 2 mol% of MgCl2-doped TGS single crystals were increased with decreasing frequency and that the transition temperature was found to be 51°C. The EDAX spectrum confirmed the incorporation of MgCl2 into TGS single crystals.
Definition of a Novel Cuproptosis-Relevant lncRNA Signature for Uncovering Distinct Survival, Genomic Alterations, and Treatment Implications in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhuning , Yao Junqiao , Dong Tengyu , Niu Xing
Published: October 2022

Objective. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered copper-independent cell death modality, and limited evidence suggests the critical implications in human cancers. Nonetheless, the clinical impacts of cuproptosis-relevant lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain largely ill-defined. The present study was aimed at defining a cuproptosis-relevant lncRNA signature for LUAD and discuss the clinical utility. Methods. We collected transcriptome expression profiling, clinical information, somatic mutation, and copy number variations from TCGA-LUAD cohort retrospectively. The genetic alterations of cuproptosis genes were systematically assessed across LUAD, and cuproptosis-relevant lncRNAs were screened for defining a LASSO prognostic model. Genomic alterations, immunological and stemness features, and therapeutic sensitivity were studied with a series of computational approaches. Results. Cuproptosis genes displayed aberrant expression and widespread genomic alterations across LUAD, potentially modulated by m6A/m5C/m1A RNA modification mechanisms. We defined a cuproptosis-relevant lncRNA signature, with a reliable efficacy in predicting clinical outcomes. High-risk subset displayed higher somatic mutations, CNVs, TMB, SNV neoantigens, aneuploidy score, CTA score, homologous recombination defects, and intratumor heterogeneity, cytolytic activity, CD8+ T effector, and antigen processing machinery, proving that this subset might benefit from immunotherapy. Increased stemness indexes and activity of oncogenic pathways might contribute to undesirable prognostic outcomes for high-risk subset. Additionally, high-risk patients generally exhibited higher response to chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatin, etc.). We also predicted several small molecule compounds (GSK461364, KX2-391, etc.) for treating this subset. Conclusion. Accordingly, this cuproptosis-relevant lncRNA signature offers an efficient approach to identify and characterize diverse prognosis, genomic alterations, and treatment outcomes in LUAD, thus potentially assisting personalized therapy.
Effects of Rigid and Nonrigid Connections between the Miniscrew and Anchorage Tooth on Dynamics, Efficacy, and Adverse Effects of Maxillary Second Molar Protraction: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Mazhari Marzieh , Moradinejad Mehrnaz , Mazhary Mohsen , Rekabi Atefe , Rakhshan Vahid
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Direct, rigid indirect, and nonrigid indirect absolute anchorages using temporary anchorage devices (TADs, mini‐implants/miniscrews) can provide promising opportunities for challenging, yet common, orthodontic tooth movements such as molar protraction. Rigid rectangular wire and ligature wire are the most common methods of attaching a tooth to a miniscrew in indirect anchorages. We aimed to provide a comparison of the rigidity of the connecting wire in terms of stress on the miniscrew, the anchorage loss, and the risk of root resorption using finite element analysis (FEA). Methods. The maxillary right second molar was protracted into the proximal space at a 150 g load (1) using direct absolute anchorage with a tapered miniscrew implanted between the premolar roots and using indirect absolute anchorage with the second premolar reinforced by the miniscrew through (2) a rigid stainless steel (SS) wire or (3) a nonrigid SS ligature wire (4) at different elastic moduli. Stresses and displacements of 4 models’ elements were measured. The risk of external root resorption was evaluated. Results. Connecting the tooth to the miniscrew using rigid full‐size wire (model 2) compared to ligature (model 3) can give better control of the anchorage (using the ligature wire, the anchorage loss is 1.5 times larger than the rectangular wire) and may reduce the risk of root resorption of the anchorage unit. However, the risk of miniscrew failure increases with a rigid connection, although it is still lower than with direct anchorage. The miniscrew stress when using a ligature is approximately 30% of the rigid model using the rectangular wire. The miniscrew stress using the rectangular wire is approximately 82.4% of the miniscrew stress in the direct model. Parametric analysis shows that the higher the elastic modulus of the miniscrew‐tooth connecting wire in the indirect anchorage, the less the anchorage loss/palatal rotation of the premolars/and the risk of root resorption of the anchorage teeth and instead the stress on the miniscrew increases. Conclusions. Direct anchorage (followed by rigid indirect anchorage but not nonrigid) might be recommended when the premolars should not be moved or premolar root resorption is a concern. Miniscrew loosening risk might be the highest in direct anchorage and lowest in nonrigid indirect anchorage (which might be recommended for poor bone densities).
LIMS2 is Downregulated in Osteosarcoma and Inhibits Cell Growth and Migration
Authors: Su Chenying , Cai Xiaona , Xu Taotao , Wu Yungang , Wang Licong , Chen Pinjie , Su Chenxian
Published: October 2022

Background/objective. LIM and LIM zinc finger domain containing 2 (LIMS2) is one of the two members of LIMS family, which plays crucial roles in regulating cell-extracellular matrix adhesion and cell motility. Here, we explored the expression and methylation levels of LIMS2 in osteosarcoma (OS) and the role of LIMS2 in OS progression. Methods. GEO, GEPIA, and UALCAN databases were used to assess LIMS2 expression in OS. UALCAN and CCLE databases were applied to assess the methylation levels of LIMS2 in OS tissues and cells, which was verified in OS cells using the methylation specific PCR. The effects of LIMS2 on regulating OS cell growth, migration and invasion were determined by CCK-8, Edu staining, and transwell chambers, respectively. The role of LIMS2 in the activation of MAPK signaling was assessed using western blotting assay in OS cells. Results. LIMS2 expression was declined in OS tissues and cells, while its methylation level was increased. The low expression of LIMS2 was associated with shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. Overexpression of LIMS2 inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion and decreased the levels of p-ERK/ERK, p-P38/P38, and p-JNK/JNK. Conclusion. LIMS2 expression was decreased in OS, which was associated with hypermethylation level and poor prognosis. LIMS2 overexpression inhibited OS cell growth and migration, which may be caused by the suppression of MAPK signaling.
Bone Marrow Culture-Derived Conditioned Medium Recovers Endothelial Function of Vascular Grafts following In Vitro Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Korkmaz-Icöz Sevil , Sistori Gianluca , Loganathan Sivakkanan , Sayour Alex Ali , Brlecic Paige , Radovits Tamás , Brune Maik , Karck Matthias , Szabó Gábor
Published: October 2022

Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a challenge in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Diabetic patients with coronary artery disease are more likely to require CABG and therefore run a high risk for cardiovascular complications. Conditioned medium (CM) from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells has been shown to have beneficial effects against IRI. We hypothesized that adding CM to physiological saline protects vascular grafts from IRI in diabetic rats. Bone-marrow derived cells were isolated from nondiabetic rat femurs/tibias, and CM was generated. As we previously reported, CM contains 23 factors involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. DM was induced by streptozotocin administration. Eight weeks later, to measure vascular function, aortic rings were isolated and mounted in organ bath chambers (DM group) or stored in 4°C saline, supplemented either with a vehicle (DM-IR group) or CM (DM-IR+CM group). Although DM was associated with structural changes compared to controls, there were no functional alterations. However, compared to the DM group, in the DM-IR aortas, impaired maximum endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in response to acetylcholine (DM

86.7
±
0.1

% vs. DM-IR

42.5
±
2.5

% vs. DM-IR+CM

61.9
±
2.0

%,

p
<
0.05

) was improved, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-12 immunoreactivity was decreased, and DNA strand breakage, detected by the TUNEL assay, was reduced by CM. We present the experimental finding that the preservation of vascular grafts with CM prevents endothelial dysfunction after IRI in diabetic rats. Targeting apoptosis by CM may contribute to its protective effect.
Method for Determining Spontaneous Combustion Risk in Roof Cutting Gob-Side Entry Retaining U + L Ventilation Goaf for Mining Safety
Authors: Li Zongxiang , Hu Dongjie , Liu Yu , Li Yuhang , Miao Chuntong
Published: October 2022

It is difficult to accurately determine the risk of spontaneous combustion in the U + L ventilation goaf of the first mining face when using the method of roof cutting gob-side entry retaining (RCGSER). To address this problem, the I2101 working face of Qipanjing Mine was considered as the research object in this study. Laboratory experiments, field measurements, and CFD numerical simulation were used to study the continuous oxygen consumption characteristics of coal samples and the distribution of spontaneous combustion danger areas in U + L goaf. The results showed that the oxygen consumption capacity of the coal samples was weak. The continuous oxygen consumption rate of the coal samples had a negative exponential distribution, and the oxygen volume fraction in the smothering zone (critical) was 15%. Furthermore, the three likely areas for spontaneous combustion in the RCGSER goaf were near the open-off cut, within 5–10 m near the RCGSER roadway, and behind the working face. Additionally, the relationship between the dangerous area (

S

f

) and the different positions (

x

) of the working face was expressed as

S

f

=
a
+
b
⋅
exp

c
⋅
x

b
<
0
,
c
<
0

. On this basis, the fire prevention and extinguishing measures of nitrogen injection was recommended near the open-off cut as well as inhibitor injection at the RCGSER roadway. Because the maximum width of the spontaneous combustion oxidation zone in Qipanjing Mine is 80 m and the minimum daily advancing speed is 1.2 m, spontaneous combustion risk did not exist. This research slightly fills the theoretical gap in the relatively new field of fire prevention in RCGSER goaf.
Enterprise Accounting Information Identification and Strategic Management under Data Mining Technology
Authors: Shao Jia , Lai Kin Keung , Zheng Pei , Zhang Guicai , Qin Yi , Lu Wenfeng
Published: October 2022

Present-day enterprise accounting solutions have been developed to a certain extent to provide authenticity of accounting information and to provide modules for billing, pay role, general ledger, and more, but they come with certain problems such as distortion of accounting information, incomplete selection of indicator variables, and the limited and single use of identification methods. Based on this, this study starts with two points. The first is to give the concepts of decision trees and support vector machine (SVM) in data mining. Then, the accounting distortion information identification model is constructed based on this, and the model effect is verified by setting experiments. The second is to establish a regression model on the relationship between enterprise strategy and accounting information quality to further explore the factors that affect the quality of enterprise accounting information. The following are the research results: (1) The accuracy rates of classification and identification of training set data, overall data, and test set data using the SVM-based identification model are 99.19%, 96.21%, and 94.8%, respectively. (2) The average identification rate of the sample data is 88.5% using the identification model based on the decision tree. (3) The regression coefficients of enterprise strategy and accounting information quality are −0.053 and −0.054, respectively without considering the industry and year variables and with considering the industry and year variables, both of which are negative at the 0.1 significance level. The purpose of this study is to use data mining to achieve high-quality identification of enterprise accounting information and provide some references for enterprises to choose or formulate relevant development strategies.
Stirring Performance Analysis Based on the Influence of Mechanics and Stirred Mill Environment
Authors: Jiang Xin
Published: October 2022

The stirring performance analysis has great research significance. In this research, we investigate mechanics press and performance in relative frequencies and energies due to interaction forces between particles. The collisions related to media and particle were obtained. Density influence of the model was obtained. The concentration has a relationship with the air and fluid. We investigate air condition at the center of the stirring shaft concentration. In the center of the stirring shaft, air condition velocity vector is relatively smaller than fluid condition. At the collisions between media or particle and the wall, average collision energy in density of air condition was the largest in particle and wall, and average collision energy in different densities was obtained. Air condition has the largest total media and largest total particle average collision energy. We obtained a reasonable stirring model, a suitable stirring density, and working environment for better stirring performance. This research has great significance for the design of mixing products and the research of working environment.
Uric Acid to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is a Novel Marker to Predict Functionally Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Li Fanqi , Zhao Donghui , Li Qiuyu , Lin Xiaolong , Sun Haoxuan , Fan Qian
Published: October 2022

Background. Intermediate coronary stenosis (ICS) is defined as a visually estimated percentage of diameter stenosis ranging between 40% and 70% by conventional coronary angiography (CAG). Whether to perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for these lesions is a challenge in clinical practice. The fractional flow reserve (FFR) can guide treatment by determining the functional significance of ICS. Studies have shown that some clinical indicators can be used to predict FFR. However, there is little research on this in the Chinese population. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed 690 patients who underwent FFR measurements to determine the functional significance of a single ICS. Patients were divided into 2 groups: FFR ≤0.8 (n = 280) and FFR >0.8 (n = 410). We compared the clinical factors between the two groups and performed multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the risk factors. In addition, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for FFR ≤0.8 diagnoses. Results. The mean UHR (uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio) level was significantly higher in the FFR ≤0.8 group (

p
<
0.001

). UHR corrects negatively with FFR (r = −0.44,

p
<
0.001

). High-level UHR was an independent risk factor for the FFR ≤0.8 (OR = 7.17, 95% CI 4.17–12.34). The area under the curve (AUC) of the UHR diagnostic capacity for the FFR ≤0.8 is 0.77, with 77.3% sensitivity and 68.2% specificity. Conclusion. UHR levels were significantly increased in patients with hemodynamically significant coronary lesions. UHR is a novel predictor of functionally significant lesions in patients with a single-vessel disease of ICS.
Phenolic Acid Patterns in Different Plant Species of Families Asteraceae and Lamiaceae: Possible Phylogenetic Relationships and Potential Molecular Markers
Authors: Sytar Oksana , Zivcak Marek , Konate Kiessoun , Brestic Marian
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, investigations of some specific secondary metabolites estimated near 10,000 various compounds of phenolic nature in different plant species. The interest in natural compounds is not only due to their antioxidant potential, but also to their economic impact, as most of them may be extracted from underexploited plant species. The presented research work presents an extended analysis of the most important phenolic acids of the selected known and underexploited plant species from the families Asteraceae and Rosaceae with the development of phylogenic tree analysis according to the nonparametric rate smoothing (NPRS) methods. HPLC-UV analysis revealed the original spectrum of phenolic acids in selected known and underexploited plant species of the families Rosaceae and Asteraceae. The analysis of phenolic acid’s contribution from their total amount in the methanolic extract in Asteraceae found the high percentage of syringic acid in leaves varied between 64.13% and 95.13%. The detected high contribution of syringic acid among estimated phenolic acids in Asteraceae leaves suggests its possible prevalence in the representatives of the family Asteraceae. The content of draconic acid in the leaves of most representatives of the family Rosaceae which represented more than 30% of total phenolic acid content. The high presence of such phenolic acids may relate to the antioxidant activity of the studied herbal extracts.
Wirksamkeit des fäkalen Mikrobiota-Transfers bei systemischem Lupus erythematodes
Authors: Blumenstein Irina
Published: October 2022

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of SLE patients has not been explored. In this 12-week, single-arm pilot clinical trial of oral encapsulated fecal microbiome from healthy donors to patients with active SLE, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FMT in patients with SLE (ChiCTR2000036352). 20 SLE patients with SLEDAI ≥6 were recruited. FMT was administered once a week for three consecutive weeks along with standard treatment and the patients were followed for 12 weeks. Safety was evaluated throughout the trial. The primary endpoint was the SLE Responder Index-4 (SRI-4) at week 12. Microbiome composition, levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut and of cytokines in the sera were measured along with lymphocyte phenotyping. No serious adverse events were observed after FMT. At week 12, the SRI-4 response rate was 42.12%, and significant reductions in the SLEDAI-2K scores and the level of serum anti-dsDNA antibody were observed compared to baseline. Significant enrichment of SCFAs-producing bacterial taxa and reduction of inflammation-related bacterial taxa were observed, along with increased production of SCFAs in the gut and reduced levels of IL-6 and CD4+ memory/naïve ratio in the peripheral blood. Furthermore, SRI-4 responding patients displayed specific microbiota signatures both before and after FMT. The first clinical trial of FMT in active SLE patients provides supportive evidence that FMT might be a feasible, safe, and potentially effective therapy in SLE patients by modifying the gut microbiome and its metabolic profile.
Dangerous Ground: One-Year-Old Infants are Sensitive to Peril in Other Agents’ Action Plans
Authors: Liu Shari , Pepe Bill , Ganesh Kumar Manasa , Ullman Tomer D. , Tenenbaum Joshua B. , Spelke Elizabeth S.
Published: October 2022

Do infants appreciate that other people’s actions may fail, and that these failures endow risky actions with varying degrees of negative utility (i.e., danger)? Three experiments, including a pre-registered replication, addressed this question by presenting 12- to 15-month-old infants (N = 104, 52 female, majority White) with an animated agent who jumped over trenches of varying depth towards its goals. Infants expected the agent to minimize the danger of its actions, and they learned which goal the agent preferred by observing how much danger it risked to reach each goal, even though the agent’s actions were physically identical and never failed. When we tested younger, 10-month-old infants (N = 102, 52 female, majority White) in a fourth experiment, they did not succeed consistently on the same tasks. These findings provide evidence that one-year-old infants use the height that other agents could fall from in order to explain and predict those agents’ actions.
Discrimination, Marginalisation and Violence Against Minorities in Post-War Sri Lanka
Authors: Deane Tameshnie
Published: October 2022

Sri Lanka’s past is stained by human rights violations. The end of the thirty-year old civil war created opportunities and expectations that the post-war period would usher in peace and reconciliation, but this has not materialised. Recently there have been significant and worrying challenges that has altered the environment for reconciliation and accountability leading to a new wave of violence and discrimination against minorities. Some of these broader challenges include excessive militarisation, the reversal of Constitutional safeguards though court rulings, political apathy towards accountability for war-time abuses, exclusionary rhetoric through the intensification of Sinhalization and a shrinking democratic space. These challenges are warning indicators of future conflict and increased human rights violations. The purpose of this paper is to therefore highlight the various abuses, including those legislative frameworks that discriminate against Sri Lanka’s minorities and it advocates for actions in accordance with the country’s obligations under international human rights law.
A Love and Hate Relationship with Chinggis Khan
Authors: Narangoa Li
Published: October 2022

Igor de Rachewiltz was an irreplaceable classical scholar in Mongolian Studies and a gentleman with many stories and wits. His work covers a wide range of topics from the world conqueror Chinggis Khan to epic hero Geser, from Sino-Mongolian relation to East and West cultural exchange. This paper attempts to highlight some of his contribution to the scholarly field and provide some insights to his work and personality based on interviews and my own experience working with him.
Maximum Sampling Region Acquisition and Contrast Calculation of Intensified Charge-Coupled Device Rectangular Target Image Under Low Illumination
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Ye , Zhao Peng , Qin Xulei , Ying Changsheng , Liu Yanxiu , Song De , Chen Weijun
Published: October 2022

Accurate acquisition of image contrast is an important factor for measuring modulation transfer function and minimum resolvable contrast of camera. Under low illumination, image from intensified charge-coupled device exhibits ion feedback noise with high brightness, resulting in lower
signal-to-noise ratio of the image. Thus, one cannot obtain easily the accurate image contrast results by using the conventional contrast calculation method. In this paper, the ion feedback noise of the rectangular target image under low illumination is first reduced by means of constrained
noise screening method and asymmetrical orientation window weighted mean filling algorithm. According to the spatial height correlation of the rectangular target image, the maximum sampling region is then founded by using spatial one-way statistical average algorithm combined with Otsu binarization.
The image contrast is finally calculated after removing the fuzzy interval in the boundary between black and white stripes. It is shown that the method proposed can achieve the maximum sampling region acquisition and the contrast calculation for the image captured under low illumination, which
reduces the error of calculation contrast caused by manually selecting the sampling region.
Total Ionizing Dose Effects on Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Focal Plane Arrays
Authors: Zou Jia-Yi , LI Yu-Dong , Shen Zhi-Hui , Wen Lin , Zhou Dong , Guo Qi
Published: October 2022

The study of the effect of γ-rays on the characteristic parameters of the AlGaN ultraviolet focal plane arrays (UVFPA) was carried out to address the problem of degradation of the characteristic parameters of the solar-blind UVFPA after irradiated by energetic particles
in the space environment. The AlGaN UVFPA was irradiated with 60Co γ-rays and annealed at room temperature after irradiation. The dark current, noise voltage, responsivity, detectivity, and other characteristics of the UVFPA were compared before and after irradiation
and annealing to summarize the changes of the UVFPA characteristics and to analyze the radiation effect mechanism of AlGaN UVFPA. The experimental results show that as irradiation dose increases, the dark current increases, and the responsivity decreases. After annealing of irradiated sample
at room temperature, the degradation of the characteristic parameters caused by irradiation is restored. We believe that the effect of ionizing radiation leads to the increase of leakage current in MOS transistor and threshold voltage drift, resulting in the change of the UVFPA operating point
and degradation of the characteristic parameters.
Broadband Absorption Antenna Based on High Refractive Index Tungsten Metal-Insulator-Meta Metamaterial Nano Ring Array
Authors: Li Na , Tian Yan-Wei , Bao Jian-Qiang , Wang Yan , Zhao Chi , Shan Yu-Yu , Xu Bo-Nan , Zhang Jing-Ke
Published: October 2022

Antennas for solar energy collection, for the problem of complex antenna structure and narrow absorption band, a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) nano ring array antenna based on metamaterial is proposed, which has high-efficiency light absorption characteristics in the broadband range of
visible light and near-infrared light. Based on surface plasma theory, the proposed antenna is only composed of two W layers of metal and one Al2O3 layer of insulator medium, and has an a verage absorption rate of 96.93% in the range of 400–1600 nm. In addition,
it is found that this kind of super light-absorbing capability is independent of the incoming light polarization state and can maintain an average of 91% for an incident angle as large as±60°. Furthermore, the perfect absorption performance of MIM nano ring array antenna based on
metamaterial can be explained by the synergistic effect of localized surface plasmon resonance enhancement and Fabry-Perot resonance.
Gas–Liquid Co-Deposition Fabrication of MnO2 Nanosphere and Its Capacitive Properties in Alkaline and Neutral Electrolytes
Authors: Jiang Huaning , Tian Ying , Dong Xuewei , Zhao Guozhi
Published: October 2022

Electrochemical capacitors may theoretically reach charging rates ranging from seconds to minutes with high power densities. The use of novel materials, the production of unique nanostructures, and the exploration of electrolytes, among other things, have substantially increased the
performance of supercapacitors during the last several decades. Electrochemical capacitors employing neutral/alkaline aqueous electrolytes are safer, inexpensive and allow diversified current collectors contrast to counterparts using organic electrolytes. The key to develop high-performance
supercapacitors is to find super charged electrode materials and fabricate suitable nanostructures. Here, the birnessite MnO2 with highly uniform nanosphere were successfully fabricated via facile co-deposition approach of gas–liquid phase. The symmetric supercapacitor based
on MnO2 was fabricated and its capacitive properties were tested in basic and neutral electrolytes using electrochemical techniques such as voltammetry (CV), impedance (EIS), spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge–discharge. The developed capacitor exhibited weaker pseudo capacitance,
but wider voltage window and improved cyclic stability in KNO3 paralleled to KOH. The specific capacitance of 145 F·g−1, 106.8 W·kg−1 power density, and energy density of 14.4 Wh·kg−1 were obtained in 3 M KNO3
at 0.25 A·g−1 current density with a capacitance loss of 9.9% after 1000 continuous cycles.
Stationary Waves Weaken and Delay the Near-Surface Response to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , White Ian , Gerber Edwin P. , Son Seok-Woo , Jucker Martin
Published: October 2022

An intermediate-complexity moist general circulation model is used to investigate the factors controlling the magnitude of the surface impact from Southern Hemisphere springtime ozone depletion. In contrast to previous idealized studies, a model with full radiation is used; furthermore, the model can be run with a varied representation of the surface, from a zonally uniform aquaplanet to a configuration with realistic stationary waves. The model captures the observed summertime positive Southern Annular Mode response to stratospheric ozone depletion. While synoptic waves dominate the long-term poleward jet shift, the initial response includes changes in planetary waves that simultaneously moderate the polar cap cooling (i.e., a negative feedback) and also constitute nearly one-half of the initial momentum flux response that shifts the jet poleward. The net effect is that stationary waves weaken the circulation response to ozone depletion in both the stratosphere and troposphere and also delay the response until summer rather than spring when ozone depletion peaks. It is also found that Antarctic surface cooling in response to ozone depletion helps to strengthen the poleward shift; however, shortwave surface effects of ozone are not critical. These surface temperature and stationary wave feedbacks are strong enough to overwhelm the previously recognized jet latitude/persistence feedback, potentially explaining why some recent comprehensive models do not exhibit a clear relationship between jet latitude/persistence and the magnitude of the response to ozone. The jet response is shown to be linear with respect to the magnitude of the imposed stratospheric perturbation, demonstrating the usefulness of interannual variability in ozone depletion for subseasonal forecasting.
‘It’s Not Like in the Films’: Bereaved People’s Experiences of the Deathbed Vigil
Authors: Caswell Glenys , Wilson Eleanor , Turner Nicola , Pollock Kristian
Published: October 2022

This paper explores how people enact and experience the deathbed vigil when someone close to them is dying. It draws on qualitative interviews with 34 bereaved people carried out as part of a wider study exploring public perceptions of death and dying. Participants were aware of the expectation that they would attend the deathbed and did their best to do so. Findings are reported using four themes: gathering, enacting the deathbed vigil, experiencing the deathbed vigil and moment of death. Participants’ experiences varied. Some families kept vigil as a group, while others established a shift system or waited alone. Activities at the bedside included reading to the dying person, talking amongst themselves, sharing memories, saying goodbye. The covid-19 pandemic highlighted families’ wish to accompany their dying relatives.
Multiphysics modeling and experimental verification of solidification point of melt-electrospun jet
Authors: Liu Kai , Zheng Yuansheng , Newton Md. All Amin , Ge Cheng , Xin Binjie
Published: October 2022

Melt electrospinning has been recognized as an attractive solvent-free process over the past few decades to alleviate the solvent-related problems generated by traditional electrospinning techniques. In melt spinning, the drawing process of molten jets occurs in the liquid phase region before the phase transformation. Besides, the insufficient chain flow in the solid phase results in the non-stretchable properties of the jet in this state. This analysis predicted the phase transition displacement in the polymer jet during the melting process using a two-dimensional non-isothermal flow model integrated with an electric field. High-speed photography was employed to collect photographs of the phase transition point of the jet to verify the simulation results. Additionally, we evaluated the diameters of fibers manufactured with various phase transition displacements induced by different applied voltages. The findings of the experiments reveal that as the applied voltage is enhanced, the freezing point of the jet becomes gradually closer to the nozzle side, and the solidification length significantly reduces, resulting in smaller fiber diameter. Moreover, the results mentioned above are consistent with the law predicted by the simulation, proving the feasibility and accuracy of the model. This work will provide potential guidance for the study of nanoscale melt fibers from the perspective of fluid phase transformation.
The Big Flush of Montreal: On affective maintenance and infrastructural events
Authors: Hetherington Kregg , Jalbert Elie
Published: October 2022

This article is about a brief controversy that erupted in 2015 around the City of Montreal’s plan to divert 8 billion liters of raw sewage into the St. Lawrence River while it conducted critical maintenance on its sewer infrastructure. In the end, though, the Flush was non-eventful: It went ahead as planned and with no lasting effects or complaints. We suggest that the best way to understand how the City averted the crisis is through the concept of ‘affective maintenance’. If infrastructures are meant to be uneventful (i.e. narratively stable and generally lacking in surprise ruptures) then the maintenance of public affect is as important to their functioning as the physical work that keeps sewage flowing in the right direction.
“Just Let it Pass by and it Will Fall on Some Woman”: Invisible Work in the Labor Market
Authors: Kaplan Amit
Published: October 2022

Invisible work is neither defined nor recognized as labor and is not compensated as such. Studies show that manifestations of invisible work at home flow into the marketplace. What is lacking is systematic conceptualization and measurement of invisible work in the labor market built upon women’s and men’s knowledge and experiences. In this study, I address this lacuna using mixed-method sequential analysis. Twelve group interviews of employed women and men of varied socioeconomic locations in Israel yielded diverse expressions of invisible practices in the workplace and their gendered meanings. Based on that knowledge, a typology of invisible work types was deduced, and an instrument was developed and distributed through a survey to a representative sample of the Israeli labor force ( n = 964). Regression analyses revealed that women and other disadvantaged groups do more invisible work at work than men and more advantaged groups do, regardless of occupation and managerial position. Beyond that, there are varied relations between labor market position and performing invisible work, across different types of practices. The study develops a typology of invisible work as a heuristic device contributing to office housework theory. I argue that invisible work should be conceived as an integral part of the labor market that needs to be considered when studying gender inequality.
Evaluation of augmented thermal, thermo-mechanical, mechanical properties of nano alumina reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Dhanapal Duraibabu , Srinivasan AnandaKumar , Rajarathinam Manjumeena , Muthukaruppan Alagar
Published: October 2022

N,N′-Tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) was reinforced with various weight fractions (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%) of amine functionalized nano alumina (F-Al) were cured with diaminodiphenyl-methane (DDM). FT-IR analysis revealed that formation of functionalized nano alumina (F-Al) structure, was brought about via coupling agent APTES. Furthermore, the morphology of TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites was studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), microscopic analysis and an atomic force microscope (AFM). We found a bonding relationship between TGDDM epoxy and F-Al in TGDDM/F-Al nanocomposites It was interesting to note that the values of tensile, flexural and impact strength of 1 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites were found to be 141.5, 192.5 MPa, and 92.4 J/m2, respectively., which resulted in a substantial improvement in the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to 4.3 and 5.5 for 0.5 and 1 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites and the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased from 210°C to 225°C as the F-Al content increased. The initial degradation temperature (IDT) of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites were significantly enriched to 328°C, 345°C, and 335°C respectively from 290°C of neat (TGDDM) epoxy matrix. Likewise, the char yield for the neat (TGDDM) epoxy matrix was 13% and that for 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites were 17%, 25%, and 20% respectively. It is feasible to state unequivocally that considerable F-Al diffusion within the TGDDM epoxy can only occur at low weight percentages. The results clearly showed that F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites may be investigated for advanced high performance industrial engineering applications.
Experimental and simulation investigation of vertical response of stepped torsion bar spring for light motor vehicle suspension system
Authors: Karuppiah Panneer Selvam , Ganesan Pranesh , Kasavan Pannir Selvam , Sambasivam Senthilkumar
Published: October 2022

The straight torsion bar spring is widely used in automobile and military tankers suspension systems due to less occupation of space and high weight bearing capacity. In this present work, the vertical response of Stepped Torsion Bar Spring (STBS) in Light Motor Vehicle (LMV) suspension is investigated. The STBS consists of two segments in series. The segment-1 is larger diameter when compared to that of segment-2. Three cases of diameter ratio and length ratios combination of STBS are experimented and simulated. A 2-DOF (Degree of Freedom) quarter car model test rig is designed for the experimental work. A harmonic excitation is given as road input though a Cam. The damped and undamped vertical response and frequencies of STBS are experimented. The vertical response and its spectrum analysis are plotted and better responses of the low stiffness STBS is identified for comfort ride and the results are compared with MATLAB Simulink results. The results of the suspension parameters such as tire stiffness, damping coefficient of shock absorber, stiffness of STBS, internal damping of STBS and torsional to linear stiffness are investigated.